bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the influence of a constraint manipulation on technical, tactical and physical athlete behaviour
Authors: Teune Ben , Woods Carl , Sweeting Alice , Inness Mathew , Robertson Sam
Published: December 2022

Evaluating practice design is an important component of supporting skill acquisition and improving team-sport performance. Constraint manipulations, including creating a numerical advantage or disadvantage during training, may be implemented by coaches to influence aspects of player or team behaviour. This study presents methods to evaluate the interaction between technical, tactical and physical behaviours of professional Australian Football players during numerical advantage and disadvantage conditions within a small-sided game. During each repetition of the game, team behaviour was manually annotated to determine: repetition duration, disposal speed, total disposals, efficiency, and disposal type. Global Positioning System devices were used to quantify tactical (surface area) and physical (velocity and high intensity running) variables. A rule association and classification tree analysis were undertaken. The top five rules for each constraint manipulation had confidence levels between 73.3% and 100%, which identified the most frequent behaviour interactions. Specifically, four advantage rules involved high surface area and medium high intensity running indicating the attacking team’s frequent movement solution within this constraint. The classification tree included three behaviour metrics: surface area, velocity 1SD and repetition duration, and identified two unique movement solutions for each constraint manipulation. These results may inform if player behaviour is achieving the desired outcomes of a constraint manipulation, which could help practitioners determine the efficacy of a training task. Further, critical constraint values provided by the models may guide practitioners in their ongoing constraint manipulations to facilitate skill acquisition. Sport practitioners can adapt these methods to evaluate constraint manipulations and inform practice design.
Transcriptional changes detected in fecal RNA from neonatal dairy calves of different breeds following gastrointestinal disease of varying severity
Authors: McConnel C. S. , Slanzon G. S. , Parrish L. M. , Trombetta S. C. , Shaw L. F. , Moore D. A. , Sischo W. M.
Published: December 2022

Gastrointestinal (GI) disease is a major health concern in preweaned dairy calves. The objective of this fixed cohort study was to use RNA isolated from preweaned Holstein and Jersey heifer calf feces to study the molecular adaptations to variable clinical GI disease. The study was conducted on a commercial calf ranch in the western U.S. Enrolled calves were assessed twice daily for variations in demeanor, milk intake, and hydration. Fecal consistency scores were recorded at enrollment (day 1), and on the day (day 10) that a fecal sample was collected for differential gene expression (DGE). Calves with diarrhea on either day were classified as having either uncomplicated, localized GI disease (scours), or systemic GI disease (systemic enteritis). Eighty-four calves’ fecal RNA was evaluated for DGE, of which 33 calves (n = 20 Holstein; n = 13 Jersey) were consistently healthy. The remaining 51 calves (n = 23 Holstein; n = 28 Jersey) experienced varying severity of GI disease during the sampling window. Genes of interest were related to the inflammatory response (i.e., IFNG, NFKB1, NOD2, TLR2, and TLR4) and cell membrane or cytoplasmic transport (i.e., AQP3, FABP2, KRT8 and SLC5A1). Breed-specific findings indicated that AQP3, IFNG, and TLR4 were upregulated in Holsteins with systemic enteritis, whereas KRT8 was downregulated in systemically affected Jerseys. Holsteins did not appear affected by scours aside from a tendency for DGE of toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the day of diarrhea. However, Jersey calves consistently demonstrated a tendency to upregulate IFNG, NFKB1, and TLR4 when affected with either scours or systemic enteritis. These findings were more pronounced in systemically affected Jersey calves and were observed as a delayed response to both scours and systemic enteritis. These findings support previous observations suggesting that Holstein calves may be better equipped than Jersey calves to rapidly fight pathogen invasion.
Short report: Spatial distribution and growth of sheep farming in Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Bezerra Andréia Santana , Souza Caio Cezar Ferreira de , Santos Marcos Antônio Souza dos , Martins Cyntia Meireles , Lopes Maria Lúcia Bahia , Homma Alfredo Kingo Oyama , Lourenço Júnior José de Brito
Published: December 2022

Sheep farming has grown substantially in the Brazilian Amazon over the previous three decades. This article analyzes the spatial distribution and the dynamics of sheep herd growth using data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics—IBGE from 1990 to 2020. The sheep herd growth rates and densities were estimated to assess its dynamics. Maps were then drawn up to show the spatial dynamics of these variables. The highest concentration of herds in the last decade (2010) occurred in Pará, Mato Grosso, and Maranhão states. For each decade there were different growth patterns, but for the entire period (1990 to 2020), there was growth in Mato Grosso, Pará, Maranhão, Tocantins, and Amazonas micro-regions states. The highest density of herd (animals per area) was observed in Maranhão. The potential points for development identified in this study may support strategic planning aimed at strengthening the activity in the region.
Deprived
Authors: Steans Siân
Published: December 2022

This short article draws on the personal experiences of a working-class activist involved in the campaign to save the local libraries in the area in which she was born and grew up. It explores the difficulties involved in being a working-class activist in what are predominantly middle-class political spaces dominated by those who do not have grass root connections to the community. It considers the gulf between middle-class approaches to, and understandings of, activism when compared to those of working-class people. In doing so it draws a distinction between activists who are from the communities where the work takes place and who need and use the services under threat and those who support the fight to save the libraries but consider the people who live in the community as ‘deprived‘. The author questions whether it is possible to reconcile the two in a way that can promote social justice and reduce oppression.
Principles for Assessing Quality of Life in Patients With Crohn's Disease
Authors: Berenblum Tobi Catalina
Published: December 2022

Crohn's disease (CD) is a lifelong inflammatory bowel disease that can severely impact quality of life. Many questionnaires exist to assess quality of life for patients with CD, but some of these questionnaires were developed without qualitative data from patients or include only limited symptoms. Patient-Reported Impact of Symptoms in CD provides an innovative and patient-centered framework for assessing quality of life in patients with CD, soliciting qualitative data from patient interviews, and using this to guide a cross-sectional study. Their findings should inform how clinicians guide conversations with their patients regarding quality of life.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: December 2022
Authors: Shafi Mehnaz A.
Published: December 2022

Article Title: Use of Benzodiazepines and Z-Drugs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Corporate Social Responsibility and Socio-Environmental Conflicts in Peruvian Mining Company
Authors: PÉREZ FALCÓN Julián , RAMIREZ ASIS Edwin , VIZCARRA ARANA Jesús , ESPINOZA MUÑOZ Einer , RAZA Mohsin
Published: December 2022

Corporate social responsibility is an extremely important aspect that every organization should give the proper importance; on the other hand, socio-environmental conflicts should be considered by every company to have an optimal development, which is why the present study proposes the relationship between these two aspects.

The objective of this research study was to determine the relationship between corporate social responsibility of the mining company Lincuna S.A. and the socio-environmental conflicts of the inhabitants of the province of Ticapampa, Ancash Region, Peru. The present study is a non-experimental, descriptive correlational study where the statistically determined sample was 332 subjects who answered a questionnaire of 30 questions, 15 about corporate social responsibility and 15 about socio-environmental conflicts.
The Current State of Food Security in Kazakhstan, in the Context of Eurasian Economic Union. Environmentally Overview in the Case of Climate Change's Scenarios
Authors: ZHENSKHAN Darima , PYAGAY Alexandr , BESPAYEVA Roza , KADRINOV Maulet , OMARKHANOVA Zhibek , TATIKOVA Assiya
Published: December 2022

In the context of changing climatic factors, for the purpose of food security, it is necessary to use certain quantitative components of the global food system. This research article presents a comprehensive analysis of the current state of food security in the Republic of Kazakhstan in connection with the Eurasian Economic Union, including the agricultural system of the countries of Eurasia and food trade, an analysis of the main indicators of agriculture and their spatial and temporal characteristics from 1991 to 2021. The profound impact of COVID-2019 on food systems has been described. We scientifically substantiate the importance of maintaining a balance of interests of the common market for agricultural products and protecting the sovereignty of the states that are members of the EAEU, in the context of assuring measures to ensure food security and climate changes.

Taking into consideration the main economic indicators of the agro-industrial complex, we will conduct a comprehensive analysis of the volume of agricultural production determine the level of per capita consumption of basic food products. Despite the achievements of Kazakhstan in the agricultural sector in spatial and temporal changes, we identify specific problems that negatively affect the growth of its production potential. As a result, we will reveal the causes of price instability, the lack of access to socially significant goods in Kazakhstan, and also offer some ways to solve these in the conditions of climate changes.
Environmental Awareness and Environmental Management Practices: Mediating Effect of Environmental Data Distribution
Authors: SAEHU Muhammad Syaiful , DIAH Ahyar Muhammad , JULCA-GUERRERO Felix , HUERTA-SOTO Rosario , VALDERRAMA-PLASENCIA Lorenzo
Published: December 2022

This study investigates how environmental awareness of suppliers affects the distribution of products and services and management performance of environmental data using three key indicators: MPI (Management Performance Indicator), OPI (Operational Indicator Index), ECI (Environmental Condition Indicator). In order to prove these relations, the research models and hypotheses were established. After collecting 295 samples of effective responses from suppliers, an experimental analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling.

The main findings reveals that the environmental awareness of suppliers influence the distribution and the representation of environmental data to the management with mediating effect on the relationship between suppliers and environment. This study has important significances: an academic one, that the scope of environmental awareness was extended from the consumer to the organizational perspective, especially to suppliers; another practical due that it has increased environmental awareness of suppliers improving the environmental management performance; and also, an educational with positive implications for the dissemination of environmental information.
Impact of Urban Landscaping on Improving the Sustainable Development of the Urban Environment. The Case of Nur-Sultan
Authors: OSPANGALIYEV Askhat , UTEBEKOVA Ainur , DOSMANBETOV Daniyar , AKHMETOV Ruslan , MAZARZHANOVA Kuralay
Published: December 2022

For modern metropolitan cities, one of the important problems that need to be solved is minimizing the risks of critical environmental issues in the conditions of climate change and degradation of natural resources. Environmental problems of cities lead to a decrease in their natural potential and are now coming to the fore. The concept of the modern development of the metropolitan city necessarily includes measures to comprehensively address issues of urban landscaping, preservation of cultural and historical heritage, and the formation of a sustainable environment. In this paper, considering compliance with environmental, social, and governance principles and based on an expert survey, an analysis of the case "Management of landscaping of the city of Nur-Sultan" and statistical data of the Department of Environmental Protection and Nature Management of Nur-Sultan, the main problems of landscaping in Nur-Sultan (Kazakhstan) have been identified and the situation of green spaces has been analyzed, together with the possibilities of planning a system of urban landscaping. With the help of GIS technology, an assessment of green spaces has been made. Materials from space images of the Sentinel-2 satellite have been loaded into the GIS. It has been concluded that urban landscaping in Kazakhstan continues to be based on recreational standards, whereas ecosystem planning of sustainable cities is a recognized European strategic approach, and the leading trend is the transition from uncontrolled territorial sprawl to structural reorganization of urban areas.
The Investigating Water Infiltration Conditions Caused by Annual Urban Flooding Using Integrated Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
Authors: TRIGUNASIH Ni Made , SAIFULLOH Moh
Published: December 2022

Flood disasters always hit densely populated urban areas during the rainy season. The causes of flooding that will examine in this scientific article are the condition of water infiltration into the soil. The case study was conducted in the urban area of Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Remote sensing data derived from various satellite images i.e., Sentinel-2 (BSI and NDVI extraction), Alos Palsar Imagery (slope extraction), CHIRPS (annual rainfall), and soil texture by laboratory analysis. Acquisition of remote sensing data using a Cloud Computing platform named Google Earth Engine (GEE). Data analysis using weighted overlay with ArcGIS 10.8 and threshold classification using natural breaks (Jenks). Denpasar City has the potential for water infiltration is good to very critical conditions. The correlation of the water infiltration map was carried out by comparing flood events in Denpasar City. The correlation results show (R2 = 0.84), (r = 0.916), (RMSE = 0.138), and p-value <0.05, these values indicate very high relation. Flood events often occur in zones with very critical water infiltration with high building density and low vegetated land cover. The condition of water infiltration critical to very critical category, spatially at the proportion of land cover vegetation < 1% and built-up area > 37%.
Effect of printing parameters on the mechanical behaviour of the thermoplastic polymer processed by FDM technique: A research review
Authors: Tripathy C.R. , Sharma R.K. , Rattan V.K.
Published: December 2022

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an additive-based manufacturing technique used by various industries due to its effectiveness & ability to make complicated geometries possible. This technique requires sufficient knowledge about the process and its parameters including their effect on the component’s mechanical characteristics. Thus, it is crucial to review the available articles on this topic not only to identify the practical and useful aspects, limitations, and process variables but also to understand how the results of the literature are relevant to be used for real applications and further studies. A systematic literature review is carried out based on the type of 3D printing materials. The printing parameters which influence the mechanical characteristics of the FDM specimens are discussed based on the results presented in the literature. From the present study, it has been found that the process variables such as orientation, raster angle, raster width, layer height, and contours directly affect the quality of the 3D-printed parts. It has also been found that the effect of these process variables also varies with the type of thermoplastic materials. The present article will help researchers to select FDM processed material and appropriate process variables for further research.
Smart Energy System Control Laboratory – a fully-automated and user-oriented research infrastructure for controlling and operating smart energy systems
Authors: Wiegel Friedrich , Wachter Jan , Kyesswa Michael , Mikut Ralf , Waczowicz Simon , Hagenmeyer Veit
Published: December 2022

In the present paper, we introduce the Smart Energy System Control Laboratory (SESCL) as a fully-automated and user-oriented research infrastructure for controlling and operating smart energy systems in the context of a microgrid-under-test setting. SESCL’s high level of automation and capacity to fully function in a grid-decoupled way allow for the study and evaluation of yet-to-be-developed tools and algorithms for energy technologies and grid control strategies on the edge of system stability, but in a safe environment. In the context of various European Smart Grid Laboratories, the new concept and specifications of SESCL are outlined in depth. The key advantages of SESCL are highlighted as (i) the provisioning of a fully-automated busbar matrix to provide a very flexible and adjustable microgrid topology; (ii) the capability of load shedding or integration of grid participants, as well as changing the microgrid topology on demand; (iii) and the possibility to control and modify setpoints and operating parameters of grid participants during runtime. Inspired by real-world events in island grids, the islanding of a microgrid is utilized as a use case to illustrate the capabilities of the SESCL research infrastructure.
Snuggling with your identity: beds and the sense of touch in Roman culture
Authors: Linn Jason
Published: December 2022

This article seeks to find attitudes and judgments elite Romans made based on a person’s bed. It culls written sources from a diverse range of genres to argue that elite Roman men saw beds as transformative and reflective items. Through long-lasting and frequent contact, a bed’s qualities seeped into bodies and characters. Consequently, as a powerful part of the built environment, beds could strengthen or weaken soldiers as well as help or harm a person’s health. Furthermore, beds’ transformative power meant elite Romans thought where a man slept revealed who he was: his social status, moral fiber, and civilization. In short, beds marked a person’s identity. Examining how Roman elites conceptualized beds informs us on the larger issue of the history of the body, in general, and the sense of touch, in particular. Scholarship on the history of touch tends not analyze the effects of sustained and repetitive contact with a mundane object.
Associations between morphokinetic parameters of temporary-arrest embryos and the clinical prognosis in FET cycles
Authors: Li Hong-Xing , Pang Yan , Ma Xiao-Ling , Zhang Xue-Hong , Li Wen-qiang , Xi Ya-Ming
Published: December 2022

Infertility is a major health concern worldwide. This retrospective study aimed to assess the predictive value of the morphokinetic parameters of temporary-arrest embryos for the pregnancy outcomes of women undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. In this study, we evaluated 244 FET cycles with 431 day-4 temporary-arrest embryos. They were categorized into two groups (pregnancy and non-pregnancy) according to the pregnancy outcomes of the women after embryo transfer on day 5, and their fundamental characteristics were compared. The morphokinetic parameters from the time-lapse monitoring system were assessed according to different pregnancy outcomes. The mean number of embryo blastomeres thawed on day 3 in the pregnancy group was 7.47, which was significantly higher than the number in the non-pregnancy group (p < 0.01). Besides, embryos in the non-pregnancy group contained more embryo fragments and lower grades than those in the pregnancy group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, morphokinetic parameters: tPNa, t2, t5, and t5_tPNf showed a statistical difference between the pregnancy and non-pregnancy groups (p < 0.05). Receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed that the time from pronuclear fading to the 5-cell stage (t5_PNF) predicted the clinical prognosis outcomes (area under the curve = 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58–0.70; p < 0.001). The morphokinetic parameter t5_PNF could be regarded as a potential implantation predictor in our study.
Mathematical modeling of the dynamics of vector-borne diseases transmitted by mosquitoes : taking into account aquatic stages and gonotrophic cycle
Authors: Diabaté Abou Bakari , Sangaré Boureima , Koutou Ousmane
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we formulate a mathematical model of vector-borne disease dynamics. The model is constructed by considering two models : a baseline model of vector population dynamics due to Lutambi et al. that takes into account the development of the aquatic stages and the female mosquitoes gonotrophic cycle and an SI-SIR model describing the interaction between mosquitoes and human hosts. We briefly study the baseline model of vectors dynamics and, for the transmission model, we explicitly compute the equilibrium points, and by using the method of Van den Driesshe and J. Watmough, we derive the basic reproduction number ℛ0. Otherwise, thanks to Lyapunov’s principle, Routh-Hurwitz criteria and a favorable result due to Vidyasagar, we establish the local and global stability results of the equilibrium points. Furthermore, we establish an interesting relationship between the mosquito reproduction number ℛ
v
and the basic reproduction number ℛ0. It then follows that aquatic stages and behavior of adult mosquitoes have a significant impact on disease transmission dynamics. Finally, some numerical simulations are carried out to support the theoretical findings of the study.
“Dignity Embodies Duty”: Islamic Perspective on Combating “Hate Speech”
Authors: Malik Bilal Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Hate speech (‘al-jahr bi’-sūʾ min al-qawlin the Qur’anic description) continues to be the subject of contentious debate. Arguably, the notion of “unregulated speech” in the liberal discourse encourages hate speech on the pretext of “defending” the right to freedom of speech. Islam recogniseshuman dignityas the underlying basis of all human rights and freedoms, including the right to freedom of speech. Here arise two core questions. First, is freedom of speech and expression an absolute right or has Islam imposed certainconditionson the human agency while this right is exercised? Second, what do theseconditionsconcerning freedom of speech imply about the regulation of hate speech? I approach these questions by beginning with the introduction ofkaramahprinciple followed by an overview of theoretical conceptualisations of free speech in the Western context. Finally, the Islamic position on the subject is brought forth through the conceptual analysis of relevant Islamic texts. The article draws three conclusions. First, human dignity is the intrinsic condition that surpasses all rights and freedoms. Second, the idea of “unregulated speech” is controversial and has been a reason forharminghuman dignity and making the public discourse inimical to social order. Third, there should be a legal, moral and rational reconciliation between exercising ‘speech limitations’ and ‘free speech’ to ensure sustainable peace and social cohesion.
Die Schuldenbremse: Erfahrungen und Heraus-forderungen aus einer Schweizer Perspektive
Authors: Jarck Jana , Salvi Michele , Schaltegger Christoph A.
Published: December 2022

In diesem Überblicksartikel berichten Jana Jarck, Michele Salvi und Christoph A. Schaltegger von den Erfahrungen mit der Schweizer Schuldenbremse und von deren Herausforderungen. Fiskalregeln wie die Schuldenbremse begrenzen wirkungsvoll die Staatsverschuldung. Die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Fiskalregel ist dabei von großer Bedeutung. Eine synoptische Gegenüberstellung der schweizerischen mit der deutschen Schuldenbremse verdeutlicht wesentliche Gestaltungsunterschiede. In der Schweiz weist der empirische Forschungsstand auf einen erfolgreichen Abbau der Bruttoschulden, einen stabilen Investitionsanteil, stabile Ausgaben für Bildung und Forschung sowie tendenziell kleinere Budgetabweichungen. Vor allem die steigenden Ausgaben für die Sozialversicherungen und der wachsende Anteil gebundener Ausgaben gefährden die langfristige Nachhaltigkeit des Staatshaushalts. Eine mehrjährige Erfassungsstatistik fehlt derzeit. Die Autoren fordern daher im Fazit, auch die Sozialversicherungen über adäquate Schuldenbremsen zu steuern, die Erfassungsstatistik um die Bilanz zu ergänzen, gesetzliche Ausgabenbindungen zu reduzieren oder zu flexibilisieren sowie die Berechnung der Konjunkturkomponente zu verbessern.
Helyek, terek, régiók a COVID-19-világjárvány árnyékában – egészségföldrajzi szemelvények
Authors:   CSFK Földrajztudományi Intézet, Uzzoli Annamária
Published: December 2022

Nyilvánvaló, hogy a COVID-19-világjárvány a maga újszerűségében és komplexitásában új fejezetet nyitott a 21. század történetében. A járvány és a járvány- vagy vírusválság a mindennapi hírek állandósult velejárói 2020 eleje óta. A járvánnyal kapcsolatos jelenségeknek és hatásoknak a megismerése, az összefüggések értelmezése, a megoldási lehetőségek kidolgozása és a reális veszélyek elhárítása számos tudományterület célkeresztjébe került. Megszámlálhatatlan a tudományos közlemények, összefoglaló művek, ismeretterjesztő írások száma, amelyek valóban a járvány és a válság összetettségének, egyúttal egyedi vonásainak magyarázatára épülnek. Közöttük markáns csoportot alkotnak azok a publikációk, amelyek a járvány térbeli, területi és/vagy földrajzi jellemzőit tanulmányozzák. Ezek felhasználásával a jelen könyv az egyes fejezetek segítségével áttekintést nyújt a járvány legfontosabb egészséghatásairól és egészségügyi következményeiről, elsősorban az egészségföld-rajz elméleti és módszertani eszköztárát kiaknázva. Az egyes jelenségek és folyamatok leírásában a nemzetközi gyakorlat bemutatása mellett az elsődleges cél a hazai példák elemzése és értékelése. Az egészségföldrajzi szemelvények tehát egy–egy jellegzetes járványjelenség kiragadásával mutatják be a COVID-19 mint társadalmi és egészségügyi jelenség térbeliségét, de egyúttal kijelölik a vizsgálatok korlátait, határait is. A könyvfejezetek nem tudnak kitérni minden lehetséges és várható járványjelenség és járványfolyamat bemutatására, de természetesen igyekeznek a leginkább releváns kutatási eredményekre, ismeretekre, egyáltalán a felhalmozott tudásbázisra utalni.
Reassessing the Importance of PrEP Use Given Reduced Sex During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives From a Sample of Young Sexual Minority Men
Authors: Bundy Camille , Xavier Hall Casey D. , Foran James E. , Jozsa Kyle , Newcomb Michael E. , Mustanski Brian
Published: December 2022

Research has begun to examine sexual behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic using quantitative methods, but less is known about the context surrounding these changes using qualitative methods, including corresponding changes in risk reduction methods. This qualitative study, guided by the Integrated Behavioral Model, examines the pandemic's impact on PrEP adherence among young men who have sex with men in Chicago. PrEP-using participants from a cohort study were recruited into a 90-day diary study measuring sexual behaviors and PrEP use. Between April and September 2020, a subset of participants was recruited for qualitative interviews (n = 28) exploring prevention strategies, including the impact of the pandemic. Although most were highly adherent pre-pandemic, many took fewer pills or discontinued during the pandemic due to decreased sex. Findings suggest the importance of counseling for PrEP reinitiation as “seasons of HIV risk” increase, as well as use of telehealth as a facilitator of PrEP use throughout the pandemic.
Changing Attitudes Towards Condoms Among Australian Gay and Bisexual Men in the PrEP Era: An Analysis of Repeated National Online Surveys 2011-2019
Authors: Kolstee Johann , MacGibbon James , Prestage Garrett , Clackett Shawn , Paynter Heath , Bavinton Benjamin R. , Broady Timothy R. , Ellard Jeanne , Murphy Dean A. , de Wit John , Power Cherie , Holt Martin
Published: December 2022

Condoms have been the primary form of HIV prevention for gay and bisexual men (GBM) for most of the HIV epidemic. The introduction of biomedical HIV prevention may have changed attitudes towards condoms. Data from repeated national online surveys of GBM in Australia were used to examine how attitudes towards condoms and confidence discussing condoms with partners changed in the period 2011-2019. The proportion of all participants who reported a positive experience in using condoms remained low and unchanged (9.6% in 2011 to 6.0% in 2019). Confidence in discussing condoms with partners decreased over time (from 72.2% in 2011 to 56.6% in 2019). Confidence in discussing condoms was associated with concern about sexually transmitted infections, and more consistent condom use. Sustaining confidence in using condoms may be more challenging as biomedical prevention methods become more commonly used.
Association of Multidimensional Schizotypy with PID-5 Domains and Facets
Authors: Kemp Kathryn C. , Kaczorowski Jessica A. , Burgin Christopher J. , Raulin Michael L. , Lynam Donald R. , Sleep Chelsea , Miller Joshua D. , Barrantes-Vidal Neus , Kwapil Thomas R.
Published: December 2022

The underlying vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is expressed across a continuum of clinical and subclinical symptoms referred to as schizotypy. Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct with positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions. The present study examined associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with pathological personality traits and facets assessed by the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in 1,342 young adults. As hypothesized, positive schizotypy was associated with the PID-5 psychoticism domain and facets, negative schizotypy was associated with the detachment domain and facets and the restricted affectivity facet, and disorganized schizotypy's strongest associations were with the distractibility and eccentricity facets and the negative affect domain. The PID-5 facets accounted for upwards of two thirds of the variance in each schizotypy dimension. The authors conclude by providing regression-based algorithms for computing positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy scores based on the PID-5 facets.
They Had It Coming: The Relationship Between Perpetrator-Blame and Victim-Blame
Authors: Dyer Rebecca L. , Pizarro David A. , Ariely Dan
Published: December 2022

Though the study of blame is far from new, little to no research has systematically investigated how perpetrator-blame and victim-blame influence one another. The current series of studies used correlational (Study 1), experimental (Studies 2 and 3), and mediational (Studies 3A and 3B) designs to address this issue. Results indicated that when it comes to perpetrators and victims, blame is zero-sum. Across a diverse set of crimes of varying severity, the more that a victim is seen as playing a causal role in a crime, the less blame is assigned to the perpetrator. In addition, when victim-culpability is experimentally manipulated, having a more causally responsible victim actually mitigates blame for the perpetrator, and this discounting of perpetrator-blame occurs because the victim is seen as more deserving of what happened. Results are discussed in terms of real-world implications.
Exploiting Ideology and Making Higher Education Serve Vietnam’s Authoritarian Regime
Authors: Nguyen Thuy
Published: December 2022

This article shows how the Communist Party of Vietnam has proactively deployed ideological indoctrination in the higher education system to raise submissive youth as well as to suppress dissenting academics. By demonstrating the use of organizational constraint and ideological exploitation strategies, I propose that post-totalitarian regimes’ political ideology should not just be viewed as a static set of theories or some official claims by the ruling party. Rather, an examination of how states strategically use ideological principles on a day-to-day basis gives us a more nuanced understanding. That is, ideology can be deployed as an effective tool to cultivate loyalty in students and signal a regime’s strength to suppress academics’ dissent. The article illustrates how educational organizations, once having their norms and disciplines embedded in political ideology, can act effectively to consolidate authoritarian regimes at a deeper level.
“There’s Something Happening Here”
Authors: Adler Julian , Flood Caitlin
Published: December 2022

This article examines the recent increase in the number of federal alternative-to-incarceration programs (ATIs), and how such programs could be aided considerably by the newly constituted United States Sentencing Commission. The authors observe that precisely because the federal system has been slower to embrace ATIs, this decarceration effort may have at least partially avoided the pendulum-like dynamic that repeatedly frustrates the criminal justice reform movement in state and local jurisdictions. Drawing on source material from a recent series of panel discussions on federal decarceration, the authors suggest that ATIs can be scaled to great, even transformative effect in the federal system. They conclude, however, that this will take equally great measures of conviction and culture change.
Congress Reforms Military Sentencing, Creating an Opportunity for a Productive Sentencing Reform Dialogue Between the Military and Civilian Criminal Justice Systems
Authors: Effron Judge Andrew S. , Wroblewski Jonathan J.
Published: December 2022

In recently-enacted legislation, Congress drew upon the 35-year experience with sentencing reform in the federal civilian criminal courts to reform significant aspects of the sentencing process in the military justice system. The article reviews the sentencing reform provisions contained in the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2022 and the Military Justice Act of 2016, which address many of the core elements of sentencing, including: (1) the principles governing sentencing in courts-martial; (2) the use of sentencing “parameters” and “criteria” in the adjudication of sentences by general and special courts-martial; (3) the role of the military judge in the adjudication of sentences; (4) consideration of plea agreements at the trial level; (5) appellate review of sentences; (6) clemency and related actions on the sentence, and more.

After summarizing the history of military and civilian sentencing, the article reviews the newly-enacted military justice sentencing provisions, comparing them to the relevant provisions in the federal civilian sentencing system that were enacted as part of the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 and subsequent legislation, and implemented by the U.S. Sentencing Commission. Although some of these newly-enacted reforms mirror similar elements of the federal civilian sentencing system, others follow a different approach, reflecting a decision by Congress to adapt rather than simply adopt current civilian practices.

As Congress, the Administration, and a new Sentencing Commission focus on criminal justice reform, including possible changes to civilian sentencing law and policy, the recent reforms in military justice sentencing provide an important source of insights worthy of consideration.
Advice for a New Sentencing Commission
Authors: Adelman Lynn , Deitrich Jon
Published: December 2022

Freshly stocked with members, the Sentencing Commission has the opportunity to push federal sentencing in the right direction. The Commission should press Congress to abolish mandatory minimum sentencing laws. Such provisions prevent judges from imposing individualized sentences, transfer authority from neutral judges to partisan prosecutors, and generate racial and economic disparities, with no particular crime control benefits. While bipartisan support for sentencing reform appears to be growing, “law enforcement lobby” (comprised of prosecutors, prison guards, and police unions) poses a substantial obstacle to significant change. Prosecutors often resist changes that would reduce their bargaining power and corrections officials and others with a stake in prison expansion often support mandatory sentencing laws. The Commission should use its influence to serve as a counterweight to this lobby, recommending changes to Congress that promote individualized sentencing. The Commission should also address the issue by holding hearings around the country and by working with community groups, scholars, and other interested parties. Such actions are entirely consistent with the Commission’s statutory mission and have the potential to make a real difference in improving the fairness, effectiveness, and efficiency of our criminal justice system. What is needed is a full court press.
Congenital Disorders of Red Blood Cells
Authors: Joshi Rhucha , Myers Erin , Kokhanov Artemiy
Published: December 2022

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Understanding the physiologic process of red blood cell development in utero and subsequent erythropoiesis in the neonate is crucial as this determines red blood cell structure and therefore function, which is vital to neonatal health. Infants frequently experience anemia, and special consideration must be given to the evaluation of these infants to determine the correct etiology. Traditionally, anemia is conceptualized in terms of inadequate red blood cell production, increased red blood cell destruction, or whole blood loss. This framework translates well to inherited red blood cell defects, which include genetic abnormalities in bone marrow productivity or structure of the red blood cell membrane, enzymes, or hemoglobin. This article highlights fetal and neonatal erythropoiesis and the underlying etiologies of the inherited red blood cell disorders, as well as reviews the appropriate diagnostic evaluation and next steps in management. It is imperative that neonatal clinicians remain informed about these disorders to enable early recognition and treatment, and ultimately to improve outcomes in affected infants.
Ekspektasi Maksimum Percentage Drawdown pada data Saham PT. Mayora Tbk dengan simulasi Monte Carlo
Authors: Hasibuan Lilis Harianti , Putri Rani Kurnia
Published: December 2022

A drawdown is a tool for defining trading strategies for commodities, stocks, and investments. This analysis is one way of monitoring the decline in asset value over a certain period of time. This journal will discuss PT.MayoraTbk stock trading strategy. By analyzing the observed drawdown in the specified time period. The drawdown analysis here uses the feedback control on PT.MayoraTbk stock trading is assumed to follow the geometric Brownian motion. The data obtained is tested whether the data meets Brown's motion assumptions. Then the maximum drawdown expectation is determined at the selected time interval. An estimate is carried out for the maximum expected drawdown percentage of the share value. To test the validity of the estimation results, a Monte Carlo simulation is carried out. Monte Carlo simulation with the term Sampling Simulation or Monte Carlo Sampling Technique. This simulation sampling illustrates the possible use of sample data using the Monte Carlo method and also the distribution can be known or estimated. This simulation uses existing data (historical data) that is actually used in a simulation that includes inventory or sampling with a known and determined probability distribution, so this Monte Carlo simulation can be used. The basic idea of this Monte Carlo simulation is to generate or generate a value to form a model of the variables and study it.
Penerapan Metode Regresi Linear Sederhana Untuk Prediksi Harga Beras di Kota Padang
Authors: Hasibuan Lilis Harianti , Musthofa Syarto
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is to get predictions of rice prices. Linear regression is used  as a method of predicting rice prices in the next X(t) period. In this study, the actual rice price Y(t) is the effect variable and the time period is the causal variable. The linear regression equation obtained is Y'=13562.561+9.041958X. Testing the accuracy of the prediction results was carried out using RMSE with a value of 0.126. The prediction of rice prices using the linear regression method can be said to be in the very good category, it can be seen that the RMSE value is very small in the test and meets the standard.
Political Appeal of Religion
Authors: Doja Albert
Published: December 2022

Much of philosophical reflections about the relations between religion and politics fall within the liberal tradition of religious restraint, which generated both the backlash of a new traditionalism and the critical turn in the study of religion. Moving beyond the real or imagined isomorphism of religion and politics, I show how the political functions of religion are closely connected to the anthropological reflections about culture and politics. The aim is to provide political theory with a new “awareness of what is missing” by revealing the deeply political significance of religion, not merely as an instrument used in political contexts for political purposes but a total political fact, which remain hidden behind the moral discourses of religious advocates, political leaders, and academic scholars.
Wasted world o sporco mondo: tradurre i testi divulgativi per ragazzi sull’ambiente
Authors:   Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italia, Sezzi Annalisa
Published: December 2022

The paper focuses on the Italian translations of two English informational books for children: Wasted World (2009) and Kids Fight Climate Change (2020), which deal with environmental issues. Informational books texts result from a complex dissemination process aimed at making specialised knowledge comprehensible to young readers. To achieve this purpose, informational books rely on various discursive popularising strategies, such as an array of explanations, and various methods for eliciting readers’ engagement, such as questions and irony. Indeed, they are part of what has come to be known as “edutainment,” in which education and entertainment are intertwined to create a “hybrid genre” (Buckingham and Scanlon, 2005). As the texts examined in the paper engage with ecology and environmental issues, they have a dual purpose: to inform and to raise awareness (ecoliteracy). Despite the importance of popularising texts, the translation of such products is still an underexplored field of research. The comparative analysis of the two English texts and their respective Italian translations centres on how global warming and climate change are described in the source and target texts. It examines how the popularising strategies are translated, given their importance in knowledge dissemination for children. The findings indicate that Italian translations, though retaining the combination of education and entertainment, tend to be more precise and more complex than the source texts. This is in line with the intercultural differences identified between Low Context (LC) cultures and High Context (HC) cultures.
Nanotoxicology In Environment: A review article
Authors: Samaddar Soma , Saha Sunova
Published: December 2022

A nanometer is one billionth of a meter, which is about 1/50,000th the width of a strand of hair. Sub-microscopic nanoparticles exhibit unique properties that are strikingly different from even slightly larger sized particles. They express quantum mechanical phenomena and are small
enough to pass through the skin and even through the tight mesh cells comprising the blood-brain barrier. Nanomaterials are being extensively exploited for their unique and diverse features, to raise the utility and associated value of the existing technologies , through enhanced production
or by eliminating side effects or both. Nanotoxicology, is intended to define the toxicological activities of potential nanomaterials and their products, to determine whether and to what extent these materials pose threat to environment and human health. In this context, the fate of nanoparticles
in environment with reference to air, water and soil has been considered. Studies about nanomaterials shows that some nanomaterials may have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects and may pose health risks. However, there is limited knowledge about the toxicity of nanomaterials. The nanotoxicology
research focuses on the relationship between nanomaterial characteristics (size, shape, surface area etc.) and their toxic responses (cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, inflammation etc.). The knowledge from nanotoxicological study will be the base for designing safe nanomaterials and nanoproducts,
and also direct uses in the nanomedical sciences. The main objective of the present review is to focus on the effect of nanomaterials on health and environment and to discuss the sources, fate, impacts, pathways and mechanisms of toxicity of engineered nanomaterial.
A Study On Diversity Of Odonta (Insects) In And Around Subhas Sarobar Lake Area, Beleghata, Kolkata
Authors: Debnath Nirmal , Sur Surajit
Published: December 2022

It is well established that the study of Odonata acts as ecological indicators of an aquatic ecosystem health solely due to its intimate associations, ease of observations and species identification. Besides, it also serves as the most important and predatory order in the ecosystem
correlating with water quality, ecological succession and degradation caused by human impact. Present study dealt with the basic observations carried out to note the diversity of odonates around the Subhas Sarobar lake located in Beleghata. Families of odonates that were observed in this area
vary in their diversity monthly and the ascending diversity of such odonates (insecta) families is Gomphidae, Coenagrionidae, Aeshnidae and Libellulidae during the investigations carried out for a period of 6 months from January 2022 to June 2022. The increase in diversity could be possibly
due to increase in cleanliness of the aquatic body and stability of dissolved oxygen level in water by the influence of higher photosynthetic productivity at intense solar radiation during summer months (April to June) in comparison to winter period (January to March).
Designing and implementing temporary works schemes on UK nuclear licensed sites
Authors: O’Connor Sean , McCord Craig
Published: December 2022

Nuclear projects in the UK demand high levels of assurance and substantiation during both design and construction. As a result, site licensees must demonstrate control over construction works in the vicinity of, or modifications to safety-related structures, systems and components in accordance with their nuclear site licence conditions. Furthermore, the Office for Nuclear Regulation will scrutinise designs, management controls and processes prior to permissioning the works. This paper discusses examples of additional considerations for the design and implementation of temporary works during the construction phase to demonstrate compliance with the regulators, Safety Assessment Principles and licence conditions, and to demonstrate that nuclear safety risks have been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable. References of good practice are from a confidential BAE Systems project in Cumbria, UK, titled D58, involving nuclear Class 1 concrete construction and informing of the steps taken to obtain Nuclear Safety Committee and regulatory permissioning.