bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Attitude of Pre-service Secondary Teachers Towards Human Rights Education and Peace Education
Authors: Ampa Tage
Published: July 2022

The investigators conducted a study to know the attitude towards Human Rights Edu- cation and Peace Education of pre-service secondary teachers of Department of Education, Rajiv Gandhi University, Hills College of Teacher Education and Donyi-Polo B.Ed College Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh. For this purposes, normative survey method of research was used. A sample consists of 50 pre-service teachers were selected randomly. Peace Education and Human Rights Education Attitude scale for pre-service teachers developed by Dr. Jayadeba Sahoo, Professor, Department of Education, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills were used for data collection. Mean (M), standard deviation (SD), and t-test were used to analyze the data. The attitude of both male and female were analyzed. The findings revealed that no significant difference was found in the attitude level of male and female pre-service teachers. The authors stressed on imparting peace education and human rights education in college. Knowledge of human rights education makes students better able to participate in society and encourages pre- service teachers to think broadly when they plan to teach for peace.
Role of taklung Dzong among the Monpas of Kalaktang Area: A Preliminary study
Authors: Habung Tage
Published: July 2022

The central idea of this paper is to examine the role of Dzong in socio-cultural practices of the Monpas of Arunachal Pradesh from historical perspective with special reference to Taklung Dzong. Dzong a distinctive type of fortress found among the Himalayan states’s is massive in style with towering exterior walls surrounding a complex of courtyards, etc. This magnificent, Dzong (fortress) is an architectural masterpiece of Himalayan states of both in Bhutan and Tibet. Dzongs were used for political and administrative purposes. It was provincial administrative centre through which these states used to control the local people. In each politico-administrative division there was a Dzong which served as the religious, military, administrative, and social centre. Inside this typical fortress, half of the rooms were allocated to administrative function headed by Dzongpan, and half to religious functionaries, primarily consisting of a temple and housing for monks. Culturally being akin with the Bhutanese and Tibetans, the Monpas of Arunachal Pradesh also has a Dzongs in their area. So here in this paper attempt will be made to describe the role of Dzong in socio-cultural practices of the Monpas. For these both the primary and secondary data have been collected from area under the study and collected data have been interpreted with historical method to draw a logical conclusion.
Status of Women in India and in Arunachal Pradesh: A Comparative study
Authors: Mandal Ram Krishna
Published: July 2022

The right to equality between men and women is a fundamental right in Indian Constitution. Respect for the dignity of women has been made a fundamental duty of Indian citizens and all actions derogatory to such dignity are liable to be stuck down. Conversely, the social institutions and customs are more resistant to change, because they are more rooted in history and more dependent on mindsets. Gender equality is relatively recent concept and most patriarchal societies have ordained rampant injustices and discrimination against women in the family and outside in everyday life. It is indeed bad that women’s status is undermined and subordinated but worst of all is that they have accepted their position as their destiny and in many cases they are found to be an instrument of exploitation. Governance can be efficient and effective only if it articulates women issues and interests and can only be gender-fair if it is gender responsive at political, administrative and economic spheres as women have perspectives, which enhance the quality of governance.
FÂTIMÎ-BİZANS SİYASÎ İLİŞKİLERİ (971-1069)
Authors: ALİ Hüseyin
Published: July 2022

Bu araştırmada amaç, Bizans İmparatorluğu ile Fâtımî devleti arasındaki siyasi ilişkilere ışık tutmaktır. Fâtımî halifesi Muiz-Lidînillâh döneminde nüfuzlarını genişleterek Mısır’ı yönetimleri altına geçiren Fâtımîler, Bizanslıların Suriye’nin kuzeyinde ele geçirdiği şehirleri geri almaya çalıştılar. Bu siyasetin uygulanması için Fâtımî komutanlarından Cafer b. Felah görevlendirildi. Aralarında Antakya’nın da bulunduğu söz konusu şehirleri Bizanslıların elinden geri almak için büyük bir ordu hazırlayan Cafer b. Felah, çeşitli girişimlerde bulunduysa da amacına ulaşmayı başaramadı. Böylece Fâtımî devleti ile Bizans İmparatorluğu arasındaki anlaşmazlıklar ve askeri hamleler 988 yılına kadar süregeldi. 988’de Mısır’a gönderilen imparator II. Basileios’un elçileri halife Fâtımî Azîz-Billâh’a çeşitli armağanlar sunarak iki devlet arasında barış anlaşması yapma talebini iletti. İki devlet arasında ateşkes anlaşması yapıldıysa da anlaşma uzun ömürlü olmadı ve çok geçmeden bozuldu. Bu arada Bizanslılar, her fırsatta Fâtımîleri hedef alırken iki taraf arasındaki silahlı çarpışmalar halife Müstansır-Billâh döneminin sonlarına kadar sürdü. Bu dönemde Suriye’deki birçok bölge ve şehir, Fâtımîlerin elinden çıkarak Fâtımîlerin Suriye’deki nüfuzu gerilemiş oldu.
Kolophone Armenischer Übersetzer Syrischer Literatur (12.-13. Jahrhundert)
Authors:   L'Université de Louvain-la-Neuve, Schmidt Andrea , Bozoyan Azat ,   Institute of the Oriental Studies of NAS RA, Erevan
Published: July 2022

ԺԲ-ԺԳ դդ. Հյուսիսային Ասորիքը եւ կիլիկյան Հայաստանը գտնվում էին ծաղկող քրիստոնեական մշակութների խաչմերուկում: Ամանոսի լեռների եւ նրա շջակայքի վանքերում կողք-կողքի աշխատում էին ասորի եւ հայ, մելկիտ հույն եւ վրացի, ինչպես նաեւ լատին վանական-մատենագիրներ: Ներկա հետազոտության մեջ քննվում են Ամենայն Հայոց Պահլավունի կաթողիկոսների հովանու ներքո կատարված թարգմանությունների հիշատակարանները: Հեղինակնեը մասնագետների ուշադրությունն են հրավիրում հիշատակված սկզբնաղբյուրներում պահպանված թարգմանական արվեստի յուրահատկություններին վերաբերող տեղեկությունների վրա: Հատկանշական է, որ հայերեն թարգմանված բնագրերի մի նշանանակալի մասի ասորերեն բնագրերը չեն պահպանվել: Այդ իսկ պատճառով, մեզ հասած հայերեն թարգմանությունները եւ նրանց բերած թարգմանական մոտեցումների հետազոտությունը ձեռք են բերում ուրույն մշակութային արժեք:
On Some Peculiarities Of Serfdom In Georgia (From The Middle Ages To The Early Modern Period)
Authors:   Institute of the Oriental Studies of NAS RA, Margaryan Gor
Published: July 2022

Վրաստանում ավատատիրական ունեցվածքի բաղկացուցիչ մասն էին կազմում ճորտերը, որոնց շահագործման և ծառայությունների հիման վրա էր կառուցվում ֆեոդալի ինչպես տնտեսական, այնպես էլ քաղաքական կարողությունը: Հարկ է նշել, որ Վրաստանում ճորտերի դասը միաշերտ չէր: Վրացական ճորտատիրությունն ուներ տարբերակիչ առանձնահատկություններ և ամբողջովին չի համապատասխանում «ճորտ» եզրի դասական ընկալմանը: Ավատատիրական կարգերի զարգացմանը զուգընթաց ձևավորվել էին ճորտերի տարբեր շերտեր, որոնք տարբերվում էին իրարից ոչ միայն տնտեսական հնարավորություններով, այլ տիրոջ նկատմամբ պարտավորությունների տեսակներով, իրավունքներով և հասարակության մեջ զբաղեցրած դիրքով: Ճորտ բնակչությունը իր տեսակներով, որպես կանոն, ուշ միջնադարում և վաղ նոր շրջանում Վրաստանում ներկայացվում էր գլեխի կամ կմա եզրերի ներքո: Գոյություն ունեին ճորտերի տարբեր շերտեր` մսախուրի, մոջալաբե, կմա, գլեխի, բոգանո, խիզանի, նեբիերի, նածկալոբևի, մկվիդրի և այլն: Բացի այն, որ վրացական ճորտատիրական համակարգը աչքի էր ընկնում նման բազմաշերտությամբ, այն ուներ ևս մեկ առանձնահատկություն, այն է` ճորտերը ևս կարող էին ունենալ ճորտեր, այսինքն մսախուրին կարող էր ունենալ ճորտեր՝ մկվիդրիներ կամ գլեխիներ, իսկ վերջիններս էլ, օրինակ գլեխին կարող էր ունենալ իր ճորտերը, օրինակ խիզանիներ:
Lieux De Memoire Et Les Lieux De Rencontre: Sourb Karapet Dans Le Temoignage D’un Voyageur Armenien De La Pologne Du Xviieme Siecle
Authors:   Charles University, Prague, Košťálová Petra
Published: July 2022

Long-standing tradition of ukht or sacred pilgrimage – multifaceted phenomenon which appeared not only in Armenian Apostolic Church of course – emerged already in first centuries after adoption of Christianity, developed throughout Middle Ages both in Armenia, Cilicia and worldwide Diaspora and finally reached its peak of popularity, followed by a certain decline (according to testimony of contemporary sources as Simeon of Poland) during 16th and 17th centuries. Simeons’ Travel Accounts show a certain decay of Armenian pilgrimmage to traditional sites as Rome and Santiago de Compostella, caused on the one hand by political instability in the region of Anatolia and Levant, on the other hand by lack of central authority (the fall of Cilician Kingdom in 1375, the transfer of Catholicosate back to Great Armenia in 1441, the „Isfahan capture“ of Armenian catholicoi at the very beginning of 17th century etc.). Nevertheless, the pilgrim status of sacred places as Jerusalem or more local sanctuaries as saint Karapet (Holy Precursor) near the town of Mush or Caesarea remained unchanged.
Нарушали ли арабы мирный договор, заключенный В 652 году с первенствующим князем Армении Тэодоросом Рштуни (640–Ок. 659) ?
Authors:   Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет (Россия), Шагинян Арсен
Published: July 2022

The author of this article concludes that it is absolutely not correct to assess the military campaigns of Habīb b. Maslamah and Salmān b. Rabī‘ah of 654–655 to Armenia, Iberia-K‘art‘li and Albania-Ałuank‘ as the violation by the Arabs of the peace treaty signed between viceroy of the caliph Mu‘āwiyah b. Abī Sufyān and T‘ēodoros Rštuni in 652, as it is customary to write about this in scientific historiography since Soviet times.
Epistolary exchanges, Treatises and Opuscules: Armenian Sources on Religious Polemics between the Armenians and the Greeks in the 12th century
Authors:   Université Montpelliers-3, Augé Isabelle
Published: July 2022

Հայերի և հույների միջև, հատկապես ԺԲ դարում ծավալված եկեղեցական փոխհարաբերությունների ընթացքում, ստեղծվել են բազմաթիվ բնագրեր հայերեն կամ հունարեն լեզուներով: Հոդվածում քննարկել ենք մի քանի հայկական սկզբնաղբյուրներ: Դրանցից ամենակարևորը 1165-1178 թթ. կողմերի միջև փոխանակված նամակների ժողովածուն է, որը կազմել է Ներսէս Լամբրոնացին: Բացի այդ, պատասխանով հանդերձ պահպանվել է «Գլխադրութիւնք հոռոմոց, զորս պահանջեն առ ի մէնջ ի պէտս խաղաղութեան» երկը: Վերջապես, հասել է թղթերի ժողովածուն (ՊԽՄ), ուր մի շարք թղթեր ունեն պատմական բացատրություններ, և 1197 թ. Կ. Պոլիս ուղարկված Ներսես Լամբրոնացու դեսպանագնացության նկարագրությունը:
The efficacy of hydrocortisone in preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia: An integrative literature review
Authors: Mara Witkowski Sandra , Fonseca Sene Leonardo , da Cruz Thor Ferreira , Rodrigues Wilde Marco Otílio Duarte , Antonio Foresti Roque
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that affects mostly premature neonates, its pathophysiology is still uncertain, proliferative, apoptotic, and pro-inflammatory mechanisms are linked. The use of corticosteroids is an option in an attempt to prevent BPD. Objective: This literature review seeks to understand whether hydrocortisone has benefits in preventing BPD in preterm neonates. Methodology: An integrative review was carried out using Medline / Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual da Saude (BVS), Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scielo as databases, searching for articles, between 2015 and 2021, that used only hydrocortisone for the prevention of BPD. To assess the methodological and evaluation quality, AMSTAR criteria, and GRADE system were used respectively. Results: From a total of 194 articles, 5 were included in the study, 2 studies observed a decrease in the need for mechanical ventilation, 3 had a decreased mortality rate and in 2 studies the cases of BPD were reduced with the use of hydrocortisone. One study did not show statistical significance for either mortality or BPD prevention with drug use compared with placebo. These studies showed a reduction in the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, as well as an increase in the extubation rate. The death rate for newborns who used hydrocortisone was also lower compared to the control group. Regarding the prevention of BPD, hydrocortisone showed a slight reduction in the number of cases compared to placebo, when started early (<24 hours) and with a low dose) 1.2.Conclusion: The use of low-dose and early-onset of hydrocortisone was superior to placebo in preventing BPD, but hydrocortisone is still not an ideal drug for preventing BPD.
A study on the Resoulution of 'Intellectual Property' Disputes in Metaverse Platform
Authors:   The Korean Society of Private Security, Kim Yong-Ho
Published: July 2022

The global COVID 19 pandemic had accelerated the development of metaverse technologies. Moreover, Investment and support from governments and companies have become the driving force for the rapid growth of metaverse technologies. However, the rapid growth has resulted in negative effects such as the occurrence of new and emerging crimes in the metaverse space. Since crimes in the metaverse space can cause great damage to users, research on this area is needed. Therefore, In this paper, we define the ownership, creation, and use of intellectual property rights among the various crimes that can occur in the metaverse space. Our research is meaningful in preparing a safe virtual space for the post-COVID 19.
A Study on the Aspects of the Joseon Dynasty through the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty
Authors:   The Korean Society of Private Security, Heo Jun
Published: July 2022

In order to understand the criminal aspects of the Joseon Dynasty, I searched the Korean Version of the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty provided by the National Institute of Korea History and analyzed the extracted articles. It was searched by classifying the main crime types: murder, violent crime, property crime and sex crime. In the Joseon Dynasty, it was found that many murders were committed by high-ranking officials or officials by abusing their authority. And violent crimes have similarly abused their powers and there have been many cases of violence. There were few records of actual cases of property crimes in the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty. But considering that the seriousness of the theft crime and countermeasures were discussed, it was found that it was recognized as a very serious crime. In order to maintain social order based on strict Confucian ideology, sexual crimes in the Joseon Dynasty were severely punished unlike the modern point of view of sexual crimes. In the Joseon Dynasty, as in modern times, various types of crimes existed, and interest and efforts were made to prevent them. However, the differences between the status system of the Joseon Dynasty and the present say according th Confucianism were clearly evident.
Integrating the Network Data Envelopment Analysis and the Balanced Scorecard Approaches for Enhanced Performance Assessment: A Case Study of Seoul Metropolitan Police (SMP)
Authors:   The Korean Society of Private Security, Lee Myung-woo
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop an improved performance measurement system for police agencies by combining the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and the Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA). The BSC provides the conceptual framework, while the NDEA provides the analytical tool. This study attempts to test practical relevance of the system and explore various advantages of it by using a case study of 31 police stations under the Seoul Metropolitan Police (SMP). The BSC and DEA are complementary to each other, so the combined use of them may provide more useful information for performance management and improvement. The NDEA model presents the overall performance as well as the network performance from the four key perspectives such as financial, learning and growth, internal business process, and customer perspective. The NDEA also presents the practical ways in which inefficient police stations become more efficient.
Experimental study of As elimination from the pit water in locality Zlatá Idka-Rieka, Slovakia and characterization of sediment in this locality
Authors:   State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Regional Center Košice, Department of Applied Technology of Raw Materials, Slovak Republic, Danková Zuzana , Bekényiová Alexandra ,   State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Regional Center Košice, Department of Applied Technology of Raw Materials, Slovak Republic, Čechovská Katarína ,   State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Regional Center Košice, Department of Applied Technology of Raw Materials, Slovak Republic, Fedorová Erika ,   State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Regional Center Košice, Department of Applied Technology of Raw Materials, Slovak Republic, Nováková Jarmila ,   State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Regional Center Spišská Nová Ves, Division of Geoanalytical Laboratories, Slovak Republic, Uhrinová Katarína ,   State Geological Institute of Dionýz Štúr, Regional Center Spišská Nová Ves, Division of Geoanalytical Laboratories, Slovak Republic, Briančin Jaroslav ,   Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geotechnics, Košice, Slovak Republic, Kúšik Dušan
Published: July 2022

The study presents introductory laboratory and in-situ experiments focused on elimination of As from the pit water in locality Zlatá Idka-Rieka, Slovakia, as well as on characterization of the sediment parameters in this locality from the viewpoint of their eventual toxicity. The mobility of As from the sediment is dependent on the chemical bonds with non-stable Fe oxides/hydroxides, creating surface coatings on the grains of minerals and soil, present in the lake of pit water. Leachates after the Simply Bioavailability Extraction Test contained high concentrations of Fe (223 mg.l–1), Mn (165 mg.l–1), as well as As (11.1 mg.l–1), which are potential toxic for people in case of contamination of the soil attached to vegetables, or from coarse dust that can be inhaled and then swallowed. The batch adsorption experiments were performed in the laboratory and next in in-situ conditions. As adsorbents natural zeolite, terra rossa and their mixture were used. In laboratory the As adsorption was fast, reached equilibrium almost after 4 hours. The adsorption capacity of zeolite and terra rossa was 18.3 and 25,3 μg.g–1, respectively. Effect of in-situ As removal was the highest for terra rossa (almost 85 %) and the concentration of As in leachate after the experiment was slightly higher than required limited value. The promising results for future in-situ applications brought laboratory column experiments, where after 4 cycles of adsorption the effectivity of columns was still 95 % independently on the columns filling (layers or mixture of studied adsorbents).
Edge Intersection Graphs of Paths on a Triangular Grid
Authors: Luca Vitor T. F. de , Mazzoleni María Pía , Oliveira Fabiano S. , Szwarcfiter Jayme L.
Published: July 2022

We introduce a new class of intersection graphs, the edge intersection graphs of paths on a triangular grid, called EPGt graphs. We compare this new class with the well-known class of EPG graphs. A turn of a path at a grid point is called a bend. An EPGt representation in which every path has at most k bends is called a Bk-EPGt representation and the corresponding graphs are called Bk-EPGt graphs. We characterize the representation of cliques with three vertices and chordless 4-cycles in B1-EPGt representations.
The conformable condition for Nanodiscs
Authors: Cruz Mariana M. F. da , Figueiredo Celina M. H. de , Sasaki Diana , Costa Marcus T.
Published: July 2022

We investigate the total coloring of fullerene nanodiscs, a subclass of cubic planar graphs with girth 5 arising in Chemistry, motivated by a conjecture about the nonexistence of a Type 2 cubic graph of girth at least 5. We give a combinatorial description and then a conformable coloring for an infinite family of fullerene nanodiscs.
Three Questions about Equitable Total Coloring of Small Cubic Graphs
Authors: Adauto Matheus N. , Figueiredo Celina M. H. de , Sasaki Diana
Published: July 2022

A total coloring assigns colors to the vertices and edges of a graph without conflicts and it is called equitable if the cardinalities of any two color classes differ by at most 1. In 2020, Stemock considered equitable total colorings of small cubic graphs and conjectured that every 4-total coloring of a cubic graph with less than 20 vertices is equitable. We present counterexamples to Stemock’s conjecture. We determine that every 4-total coloring must be equitable on all cubic graphs with 6, 8, 10, and 14 vertices. On the other hand, for cubic graphs with 12, 16, and 18 vertices, we characterize the color class configurations that might allow a non-equitable 4-total coloring. We prove that a cubic graph of 12 vertices is the smallest counterexample to Stemock’s conjecture.
Heavy and leafy trees
Authors: Fernandes Cristina G. , Lintzmayer Carla N. , San Felice Mário César
Published: July 2022

The MAXIMUM WEIGHTED LEAF TREE problem consists of, given a connected graph G and a weight function w: V (G) → Q+, finding a tree in G whose weight on the leaves is maximized. The variant that requires the tree to be spanning is at least as hard to approximate as the maximum independent set problem. If all weights are unitary, it turns into the well-known problem of finding a spanning tree with maximum number of leaves, which is NP-hard, but is in APX. No further innapproximability result is known for MAXIMUM WEIGHTED LEAF TREE, and the best approximation is an O(lg n)-approximation. In this paper, we present an O(lg W)-approximation where W is the maximum weight divided by the minimum weight that appears on the vertices.
(Sub)Fall Coloring and B-Coloring Parameterized by Treewidth
Authors: Andrade Davi de , Silva Ana
Published: July 2022

Given a proper coloring f of G, a vertex u is a b-vertex if it is adjacent to every color class distinct from its own. It is said to be a b-coloring if each color class contains at least one b-vertex, and a fall coloring if all vertices are b-vertices. Also, if f is a fall coloring of an induced subgraph H of G, then we say that f is a subfall coloring of G. In this paper, we provide algorithms for each of the decision problems related to these colorings whose running times are FPT when parameterized by the number of colors plus the treewidth of the input graph.
Análise do Código de Steane por Randomized Benchmarking
Authors: Barbosa Anderson de Souza , Marquezino Franklin de Lima , Portugal Renato
Published: July 2022

O Randomized Benchmarking (RB) é um protocolo que permite caracterizar parcialmente a qualidade da implementação de conjunto de portas quânticas. Neste trabalho, utilizamos o protocolo RB para analisar o desempenho do código de Steane, um importante código quântico de correção de erros, e apresentamos um cenário em que o seu uso é vantajoso quando comparado à situação em que nenhum código quântico é utilizado.
Coloração Harmoniosa
Authors: Araújo Júlio C. S. , Martins Ana Beatriz da S. , Santos Marcio C.
Published: July 2022

Uma k-coloração c: V(G)->{1, 2, ..., k} é uma coloração linha-distinguível se cada par de arestas distintas tem conjuntos de cores distintos em suas extremidades. O número cromático linha-distinguível de G é \lambda (G)=min {k\in\mathbb{N}: G tem uma k-coloração linha-distinguível}. Se uma coloração linha-distinguível c é própria, então c é uma coloração harmoniosa. O número cromático harmonioso, denotado por h(G), é o menor k\in \mathbb{N} tal que G tem uma k-coloração harmoniosa. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma condição necessária e suficiente para h(G) ser k, para um grafo arbitrário e k\in \mathbb{N}. Após isso, apresentamos formulações de programação inteira para computar h(G) e alguns testes preliminares em grafos aleatórios com densidades de arestas distintas.
k-independência em prismas complementares é NP-completo
Authors: Mortosa Otávio S. , Cappelle Márcia R. , Coelho Erika
Published: July 2022

Um conjunto $S \subseteq V(G)$ de um grafo $G$ é $k$-independente se cada um de seus vértices é adjacente a no máximo $k - 1$ vértices do conjunto $S$, onde $k \in \mathbb{Z}^+$. O número de $k$-independência é a cardinalidade de um maior conjunto $k$-independente em um grafo $G$. Apresentamos limites para a $k$-independência em prismas complementares e mostramos que decidir se um grafo prisma complementar tem um conjunto $k$-independente de ordem pelo menos $\ell$ é um problema $\NPc$, onde $\ell \in \mathbb{Z}^+$.
Classificação de Recursos na IoT: Automação de Regras Fuzzy na Seleção de Preferências do Cliente
Authors: Dilli Renato , Fernandes Patrick , Monks Eduardo , Reiser Renata , Yamin Adenauer
Published: July 2022

Na Internet das Coisas tem-se um elevado número de recursos de sensoriamento e/ou atuação, interconectados, sendo que cada um destes recursos pode oferecer diversos serviços. A especificação das preferências do cliente quanto à relevância dos atributos de QoS associados aos recursos geralmente é acompanhada de incertezas. Neste sentido, a Lógica Fuzzy é oportuna para lidar com dados incertos. Como parte da abordagem Fuzzy se faz necessário o emprego de regras, cuja especificação pode ganhar complexidade quando o número de atributos a serem considerados aumenta. A partir desta motivação decorre o objetivo deste trabalho que é a concepção de uma proposta para automação de regras Fuzzy, denominada IoT-DFR3. Dentre as suas principais características, destacam-se: (i) geração dinâmica de regras Fuzzy; (ii) seleção de preferências do cliente; (iii) classificação de recursos utilizando Lógica Fuzzy Tipo-2 Intervalar. Os resultados obtidos com a classificação de recursos aplicando as preferências do cliente e a geração automática de regras fuzzy são apresentados.
Internet of Smart Grid Things (IoSGT): Prototyping a Real Cloud-Edge Testbed
Authors: Santos Hugo , Eugênio Paulo , Marques Leonardo , Oliveira Helder , Rosário Denis , Nogueira Eduardo , Neto Augusto , Cerqueira Eduardo
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the Internet of Smart Grid Things (IoSGT) architecture, which is understood as an ecosystem of cutting-edge technologies that work together to enable advanced SG applications, which run at core/edge cloud datacenter premises connecting an underlying IoT networking infrastructure. The IoT-to-Edge-to-Cloud continuum paradigm that the IoSGT architecture yields aim to accelerate a plethora of Smart Grid (SG) new generation systems, which will advance current facilities at unprecedented levels. We materialized the proposed architecture in the form of a prototype atop a testbed entailing real-world technologies to lay high-accurate experiments assessments. The IoT-to-Edge-to-Cloud continuum of the IoSGT testbed extends from edge datacenter facilities running at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), and the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) premises, interconnected by RNP. An IoT-based off-the-shelf Smart Meter has been built by our group to provide a low-cost IoSGT Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) use case. In addition to presenting the IoSGT architecture, our work includes prototyping and exercise on the testbed.
Towards a Process for NFRs Evaluation in IoT Applications
Authors: Paiva Joseane O. V. , Carvalho Rainara M. , Andrade Rossana M. C.
Published: July 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a paradigm characterized by a variety of objects that interact with each other using the internet to achieve common goals. IoT applications are more and more present in our lives, either in our homes, or on the streets, or in our work environments. These applications bring new Non-Functional Requirements highly related to the user interaction quality, such as context-awareness, synchronicity, and calmness. The evaluation of these NFRs can be challenging, because we may have to take into account qualitative and quantitative aspects. In this way, the evaluators can be confused about the steps they need to follow and the best order to perform the NFRs evaluation. After conducting a systematic mapping study about the NFR evaluation in IoT applications, we could not find a process that systematizes these activities stepby-step. Therefore, this paper proposes a process for evaluating non-functional requirements in IoT applications. This process divides the quality evaluation into two aspects, qualitative and quantitative, to capture quality measurements and subjective aspects of the IoT applications. To verify whether the established process meets the evaluators' needs, we applied 2 questionnaires with the experts and, based on the obtained results, we made some adjustments and came up with a preliminary version of the process that is presented in this paper.
Comparação de Desempenho entre Soluções de Interoperabilidade
Authors: Alencar João Marcelo U. de , Magalhães Regis P. , Vasconcelos Davi R. de , Chaves Samir B. , Oliveira João Victor C. de , Bessa Anderson T. , Rodrigues Emanuel M.
Published: July 2022

A interoperabilidade de serviços digitais permite a governos aumentar o alcance de políticas públicas, como no exemplo da Estônia, que através da solução X-Road oferece amplo acesso aos seus cidadãos. Entretanto, o X-Road não foi concebido levando em consideração o contexto de nuvens computacionais e microsserviços. Este trabalho propõe uma arquitetura utilizando a solução de API Gateway Kong que apresenta uma segurança semelhante ao que o X-Road e compara o desempenho entre as duas soluções. Os resultados mostram que a arquitetura baseada em Kong apresenta desempenho superior no tempo de resposta das invocações de serviços, fornecendo subsídios para aprimorá-la e direções para otimização do X-Road.
Transparency promoted by process mining: an exploratory study in a public health product management process
Authors: Neubauer Thais Rodrigues , Araujo Renata Mendes de , Fantinato Marcelo , Peres Sarajane Marques
Published: July 2022

Public transparency enables the exercise of democracy by the active participation of citizens in the public management. Even though promoting transparency is an essential conduct in a democratic context, its practice is still incipient. In this context, process mining emerges as an agent to promote public transparency as the data related to public processes event logs may have the potential to enable visual and analytical analysis of the process execution. In order to exemplify how process mining might promote public transparency, we present a study considering the health products' management process of a health surveillance agency. Our analysis reveals details about the process execution logic as well as the actions that impact the efficiency of its management.
Assessment of How Users Perceive the Usage of Biometric Technology Applications
Authors: Habibu Taban , Talina Luhanga Edith , Elikana Sam Anael
Published: July 2022

Biometrics applications are progressively widespread as a means of authenticating end-users owing to the extensive range of benefits over traditional authentication (token-base-authentication). However, the transaction involves taking into account the perceptions and responses of end-users. If end-users are fearful, hesitant about these biometric technology-applications, misuse and implementation-complications can surely overshadow. The goal of this study is to sightsee the user’s-motivation, understanding, consciousness and acceptance towards utilization of biometric technology-applications. A 300-person survey was conducted to evaluate public-opinion on the use and adoption of biometrics. Stratified sample technique was used to administer the surveys. The results presented that perceived ease-of-use, user-motivation and attitude are more important-factors when deciding whether to accept new technology-applications. Although many end-users have become more familiar with biometric technology-applications (e.g., Fingerprints or facial-recognition), many individuals still have a negative-perception of the technology. Concerns regarding confidentiality and security i.e., storing and protecting personal-identification data, the fear of intruding into a person’s daily-life and disclosing personal-information remain a major problem. Some end-users claim that despite the potential resilience to biometrics, designers must mentally and psychologically prepare the general public for the new use of biometric technology. This will make it possible to transform negative user-perceptions into a positive-experience. Thus, this study can help end-users and companies understand and make the right decisions to promote the use of biometric-applications and services. The study is expected to be an important research-discovery that will greatly contribute to Uganda’s digital-economy.
Activity Based Learning (ABL) Using Gamification (GBL) in Mechanical Engineering Design Education: A Studio-Based Case Study
Authors: Mavromihales Mike , Holmes Violeta
Published: July 2022

In our research, we aim to introduce Game-based learning (GBL) activity as part of a holistic approach to supporting knowledge acquisition within a Mechanical Design module. Our case study evaluates Activity Based Learning (ABL) by use of GBL as a tool to drive collaborative student learning. The activity described targets students’ ability to engage in hands-on practical collaborative learning, utilising existing skills in order to collectively share and reinforce knowledge. It relies on knowledge acquired from several subject topics thus consolidating applications through a studio-based activity in the form of a game bringing about its own benefits in teaching and learning. Widely used in a range of subjects, the application of GBL in Engineering and Technology and its effectiveness is less explored and reported as a learning tool in Engineering education. We present an approach to underpinning engineering education as part of a studio-based activity for Mechanical Engineering Design. We explore the options and potential for collaborative learning whilst offering students the opportunity to compete with peer teams for ranked positions on a leader board. We report on the level of student engagement and the extent to which learning outcomes were met through the introduction of such an activity.
Indigenous Religions as Antidote to the Environmental Crisis: Surveying a Decade of Reflection
Authors: Oswald Balcomb Anthony
Published: July 2022

While it is generally accepted that the environmental crisis that the world is experiencing is a direct result of human activity, what is less obvious is that this depends on the nature of the relationship between human beings and the natural environment. This, in turn, is shaped by how human beings mentally construct the relationship between themselves and the world. I have been reflecting on this phenomenon for more than a decade, paying particular attention to the dynamics around an enchanted way of being in the world, typical of indigenous communities, compared with those of a disenchanted way of being in the world, typical of modernity. This essay attempts to summarize and condense some of these reflections. Enchantment brings with it the experience of an intersubjective, personal world with porous boundaries in the relationship between beings, and is typically characterized by interdependence and vulnerability. Disenchantment objectifies this world, disengages the self from it, and rids it of any agency other than that exercised by the autonomous self, thus gearing it toward mastery and control. This increases exponentially the ability of human beings to impact and change the world around them in ways that are eventually destructive for the environment.
Mechanisms of Action of Humic Substances as Growth Promoters in Animals
Authors: de Lourdes Angeles María , Gómez-Rosales Sergio , Téllez-Isaias Guillermo
Published: July 2022

A review of the latest research on the addition of humic substances (HSs) in the drinking water or feed of farm animals including poultry, pigs, dairy cows and calves, goats, and rabbits was carried out. The results reinforces the promoted protective action of HS on the digestive mucosa, their antioxidant properties, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory attributes, the suggested microbial shift to a probiotic-type bacteria in the gut, including antiparasitic and antifungal effects, as well as their influence on the higher efficient of minerals, proteins, and lipids utilization within the body. The outstanding improvements in health, productivity, and meat and milk quality obtained from animals supplemented with HS are common features in the majority of available research. The main benefits in the gastrointestinal tract stem from the formation of protective barriers on the epithelial mucosa due to its colloidal properties and stimulation of mucin production. HS also promotes the development of probiotic microbiota and positive changes in bacterial fermentation patterns, which results in improved intestinal health and integrity. As a result, a cascade of benefits is derived within the body, reinforcing antioxidant protection responses, immunomodulation, and anti-inflammation mechanisms, as well as improving nutrient utilization efficiency. However, the truly molecular mechanisms of action of HS in the intestine and throughout the body remain unknown.
Melatonin Pretreatment Effect in a Parkinson Disease Experimental Model Induced by the Inhalation of Manganese in Mice
Authors: Rosa Avila-Costa Maria , Stephania Rodríguez-Alcántara Mariana , Luisa Gutierréz-Valdez Ana , Luis Ordoñez-Librado José , Rodríguez-Lara Vianey , Reynoso-Erazo Leonardo , Dorado-Martínez Claudia , Alfonso Garcia Caballero Cesar , Montiel-Flores Enrique , Sanchez-Betancourt Javier , Tron-Alvarez Rocío , Aley-Medina Patricia , Espinosa-Villanueva Jesús
Published: July 2022

Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and motor alterations. Here, we used the experimental model of inhalation of the mixture of manganese chloride (MnCl2) and manganese acetate Mn (OAc)3 for inducing PD. This model causes bilateral and progressive degeneration of the SNc dopaminergic neurons. Melatonin has antioxidant properties and it has been suggested that it contributes to the protective effect in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether melatonin pretreatment protects against the Mn-induced alterations. Before Mn inhalation, three groups were trained for motor performance (1. control group, 2. Mn mixture exposed without pretreatment, and 3. melatonin-pretreated/Mn-exposed groups) for motor tests. The motor coordination was evaluated through the single-pellet reaching task and the beam-walking test. After five months, all the animals were sacrificed. Dendritic spines were counted in the striatum medium-sized spiny neurons and the number of TH-immunoreactive neurons in the SNc. Our findings show that the melatonin-pretreated animals had better motor coordination and less dendritic spines and TH immunoreactive neuron loss than the Mn-inhalation-only group. Therefore, melatonin pretreatment has a neuroprotective effect and could be considered an alternative treatment before the more severe PD symptoms appear.
The Influence of Salivary pH on the Prevalence of Dental Caries
Authors: Rusu Laura-Cristina , Roi Alexandra , Roi Ciprian-Ioan , Victoria Tigmeanu Codruta , Cosmina Ardelean Lavinia
Published: July 2022

Dental caries is the most prevalent chronic oral disease, influencing the oral and systemic health of the individuals, being the result of the interaction of multiple factors, such as microbial agents, the oral environment, the salivary pH, and the host response. The main process that occurs in dental caries is the demineralization of the tooth enamel, process that is directly influenced by the salivary pH, exposing the dental structures to the action of pathological agents. The role of saliva in the etiology of dental caries is a major one, by influencing the homeostasis through the altering of its buffer capacity. The properties of saliva are influenced either by local pathogens or through a general mechanism with direct implications upon the salivary components. The alteration of the salivary pH, flow rate, and composition will further have repercussions upon the cariogenic activity, through a change of its physiochemical properties. Nevertheless, the salivary pH is strongly linked to the incidence of dental caries, any persistent imbalance due to various causes can be assessed as an indicator of the oral health status.
Comparison of Cross-Entropy Based MCDM Approach for Selection of Material in Sugar Industry
Authors: Abou Iltaf Hussain Syed , Chandra Himanshu , Kumar Mandal Uttam
Published: July 2022

One of the major problems faced in engineering is the selection of the material which is most suitable for the product. Material selection from a large number with diverse mechanical, physical and chemical properties and choosing the best material which is the most satisfying for making the job is a very complex process. Material selection is important as it determines durability, reliability and cost of the product. Selection of suitable material which gives maximum performance with minimum cost is often observed to be a multi-criterion decision-making (MCDM) problem with different objectives. This chapter presents an integrated approach to select the suitable material to be used as base of induction cookware which can give maximum performance with minimum cost. In the integrated approach the weights of the criteria are computed using the cross-entropy method and ranking of the alternatives is done using the different MCDM methods. The methods are further illustrated with an example and the result obtained from different cross-entropy MCDM methods are compared for finding the most suitable method for serving the purpose.
De la grieta a los terrenos del agua: el caso del río Guadalmedina
Authors: Carcaño Zapata Carme , Lua Silva Fernando , Martí Manrique Pilar
Published: July 2022

The Guadalmedina (from the Arabic وادي المدينة wādī al-Madīna, "river of the city") today has lost its character and it is instead a dry channel that channeled through the city of Malaga alien to it. The project “Por aquí pasa un río” presented in the contest of ideas for the urban integration of the Guadalmedina river, 2012, proposes how to reverse this situation and make the “crack” of the Guadalmedina river become a civic axis and element of integration of the city. The analysis of the work allows us to explore an intervention methodology for the river spaces project, based on the simultaneous consideration of different scenarios, times and scale, and to corroborate the following hypothesis: the urban water land project must be approached through starting from strategies that at all times seek interscalarity, interdisciplinarity and good management of water resources.

El Guadalmedina (del árabe وادي المدينة wādī al-Madīna, « río de la ciudad ») hoy por hoy ha perdido su carácter y es en cambio un cauce seco que atraviesa canalizado la ciudad de Málaga ajeno a ella.  El proyecto “Por aquí pasa un río” presentado en el concurso de ideas para la integración urbana del río Guadalmedina, 2012, plantea cómo revertir esta situación y conseguir que la “grieta” del río Guadalmedina se convierta en eje cívico y elemento de integración de la ciudad. El análisis del trabajo nos permite explorar una metodología de intervención para el proyecto de los espacios fluviales, a partir de la consideración simultánea de escenarios, tiempos y escala diversos, y corroborar la siguiente hipótesis: el proyecto urbano de los terrenos del agua debe abordarse a partir de estrategias que en todo momento busquen la interescalaridad, la interdisciplinaridad y una buena gestión de los recursos hídricos.
Infraestructura que desdibuja la frontera: integración de proyectos infraestructurales en el territorio fronterizo entre Nicaragua y Costa Rica
Authors: Pérez Monge Luis Alonso
Published: July 2022

Los avances tecnológicos, la inmediatez por la accesibilidad, la velocidad y la conectividad, han modificado la noción del tiempo y la manera en cómo percibimos el espacio. Esto ha repercutido en la manera de entender y transitar las fronteras, en algunos casos conflictivos han dejado de lado las diferencias políticas, con el fin de tener una mejor posición global competitiva, buscando nuevas vías de diálogo, pactos y reaperturas, por medio del desarrollo de proyectos de conectividad que articulan el territorio. Centroamérica no es la excepción, donde los vecinos Nicaragua y Costa Rica plantan pasos comerciales transoceánicos independientes a tan sólo 50km entre ellos, con su línea fronteriza en medio de sus propuestas. Esto duplicaría los servicios y provocaría un impacto natural. Por lo que es pertinente plantear un proyecto unificado e integral, que logre una articulación de los sistemas y rompa con la segregación que genera en esta franja territorialmente sensible.

Technological advances, the immediacy due to accessibility, speed and connectivity, have modified the notion of time and the way we perceive space. This has had an impact on the way of understanding and transiting borders, in some conflictive cases they have put aside political differences, in order to have a better global competitive position, seeking new ways of dialogue, pacts and reopening, through development of connectivity projects that articulate the territory. Central America is no exception, where neighbors Nicaragua and Costa Rica plan independent transoceanic trade crossings just 50km from each other, with their border line in the middle of their proposals. This would double the services and cause a natural impact. Therefore, it is pertinent to propose a unified and collaborative project that achieves an articulation of the systems and breaks with the segregation generated by the border transnational cohesion from the infrastructural systems.
El urbanismo moderno en el municipio de Bogotá: del City Planning y la Ciudad Jardín al Plan de Obras
Authors: Alba Castro José Miguel
Published: July 2022

Las modernas ideas urbanas llegaron a Bogotá en 1917, tres décadas antes del Movimiento Moderno de la Arquitectura. Irrumpieron con los principios de la Ciudad Jardín a través del City Planning estadounidense. Se fundamentaron en La Practica del Urbanismo de Raymond Unwin en 1909. Hicieron evidente el concepto conurbación de Patrick Geddes en 1915. Aprovecharon los Primeros Congresos de Mejoras Nacionales, 1917 y 1920, concretándose en el Plano Bogotá Futuro 1923-25. Con el Departamento de Urbanismo de Bogotá en 1933, el nombramiento de Karl Brunner en su dirección y en la del Plan de Obras para la Conmemoración del IV Centenario de Bogotá en 1938, se consolidaron las ideas de la Ciudad Jardín y se hicieron explícitas en su Manual de Urbanismo de 1939-40. El Movimiento Moderno se reseñó en el Registro y Archivo Municipal y en 1936 se constituyó la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad Nacional en Bogotá.

The modern urban ideas arrived in Bogota in 1917, three decades before the Modern Architecture Movement. The ideas burst in with the principles of the Garden City through the US City Planning. They based themselves on Raymond Unwin’s 1909 Town Planning in Practice. Were made evident with Patrick Geddes’ 1915 concept of conurbation. They took advantage of the First Congresses of National Improvements between 1917 and 1920, and materialized in the Bogotá Futuro Plan 1923-25. The Department of Urban Planning (1933), directed by Karl Brunner, and the Work Plan for the Commemoration of Bogotá’s IV Centennial in 1938 consolidated the ideas for the Garden City. These ideas were made explicit in the Urban Planning Manual of 1939-40. The Modern Movement was outlined in the Municipal Archive and Registry and in 1936 the Faculty of Architecture of the National University in Bogota was established.