bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leadership Competencies of Public Elementary School Heads and its Impact on Job Satisfaction of Teachers in the District of Victoria, Division of Laguna
Authors: Tumbokon Eloisa H.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the level of leadership competencies of public elementary school heads and its impact on job satisfaction of teachers in the District of Victoria, Division of Laguna. This study is limited to the three public elementary schools in the District of Victoria, Division of Laguna namely Victoria Elementary School, Masapang Elementary School, and Banca Elementary School. The researcher selects fifty (50) teachers per school as the respondents of the study. A total of one hundred fifty (150) teacher-respondents. The study used the Slovins Formula with 10% of margin of error in determining the sample respondents per school. The study used the descriptive survey research utilizing the researcher made instrument. The instrument consisted of the leadership competencies of school heads in terms of managerial leadership competencies, core behavioral competencies, and core skills, and the job satisfaction of teachers in terms of working conditions, work-related goal progress, and goal support. The study found out that in general, the level of leadership competencies of public elementary school heads with respect to core behavioral competencies, managerial leadership competencies and core skills is Highly Competent. It may mean that the school heads demonstrated all the time the leadership competencies of a school leaders that can hone their knowledge and competence in leading the people and institution. Likewise, in general, the teachers are satisfied on the level of their job satisfaction in terms of working conditions, work-related goal progress, and goal support. It may mean that the teachers are complacent for the resources and learning opportunities provided for them that can lead to better professional development. It was statistically found out that there is a significant relationship between the leadership competencies of school heads and job satisfaction of teachers in terms of working conditions, work-related goal progress and goal support, since the obtained p-value of 0.00 does not exceed at 0.05 level of significance, thus the null hypothesis is rejected. It simply shows that teachers are satisfied with their job due to the attention and support of the school heads. Further, it was concluded that the school heads of the public elementary schools in the District of Victoria, Division of Laguna are worthy of emulation having demonstrated as Highly Competent in the performance of their duties. Also, the elementary teachers in the District of Victoria, Division of Laguna are satisfied with their job. Then, the teachers’ work satisfaction is directly affected by the school administrators’ core skills and inversely affected by the managerial leadership and core behavioral competencies of the school heads
Pelatihan Pembuatan Air Ragi Salak (Salacca Zalacca) Dan Roti Di Desa Wisata Ledoknongko
Authors: Khumaira Annisa , Sandra Fitriany Dhea , Annaziha Salma , Zintya Sari Fitria , Mindrati Fardhani Dinar
Published: July 2023

Salak (Salacca zalacca) is a fruit that is widely developed in Sleman, Yogyakarta Special Region, and as an icon of the Ledoknongko Tourism Village. The Covid-19 pandemic has reduced the number of tourists visiting the Ledoknongko Tourism Village. Covid-19 is very influential on residents' income and, of course, the use of salak fruit. One alternative to using salak fruit is to process it into natural yeast made from salak fruit (Salak Yeast Water). Natural yeast or wild yeast is the yeast that is usually always present in some foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and cereals. Furthermore, the yeast can be used for making bread. The training was conducted for a group of women from the Ledoknongko Tourism Village, which included a pre-test, giving materials, the practice of making salak yeast and fried bread, and a post-test. The pre-test and post-test results showed the participant's understanding of salak yeast; in the pre-test, the correct answers were 30%, and in the post-test, 93%. In addition, according to a survey conducted, particpants have a high desire to continue to train skills and develop products from salak yeast water so that salak yeast water has the potential to continue to be developed and commercialized in Ledokonongko Tourism Village
Pelatihan dan pendampingan Optimalisasi Menejemen Penganggaran Dan Pelaporan Keuangan SMP Boarding School Aisiyiyah Lawang
Authors: Setu Setyawan  , Ahmad Juanda
Published: July 2023

Ibm. Optimalisasi Menejemen  Anggaran Dan Pelaporan Keuangan SMP  Boarding Sechoal  Aisiyiyah  Lawang. Kab, Malang, memberikan pelatihan penyusuanan rencana anggaran sekolah berbasis kinerja. Rencana Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Sekolah (RAPBS)  berbasis kinerja dapat meberikan informasi tingkat  Output yang dihasilkan  dengan indikator pengukuran yang sudah distandarkan. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah  metode PRA  (Participatory Rapid Appraissal) merupakan pengembangan sistem  yang mengutamakan kecepatan pengembangan melalui keterlibatan user atau Pengguna dalam penggunaan suatu rangkaian sistem, dimana rangkaian tersebut berfungsi untuk suatu model (prototype) sistem yang lebih efektif. Program pengabdian yang telah dilakukan dengan tahapan pre test dengan menguji tingkat kemampuan dan ketrampilan menguasai konsep penganggaran dan tekhnologi informasi khsusunya program Excel,  hal tersebut untuk memberikan model pelatihan yang tepat pada akhir periode pelatihan dilakukan past test dengan hasil  nilai pre test rata rata   60  dan setelah pelatihan nilai rata rata meningkat 85. Output yang dihasilkan selama pengabdian telah tersusunnya Prototipy RAPBS berbasis Kinerja dan Sistim Informasi Pengelolaan Keuangan Anggaran (berbasis Excel).
Fidelización policial: potenciadores de permanencia del personal, con enfoque diferencial
Authors:   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, Cortés Olarte Gonzalo Andrés , López Piñeros Julián David ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, Sanabria Wilson Alexander ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
Published: July 2023

Teniendo en cuenta el ciclo de vida laboral policial, las variables sociodemográficas del talento humano y la cinética generacional que inciden en la administración y gestión de personas, se planteó como objetivo de investigación, identificar los potenciadores de permanencia del personal en la Institución. Se trabajó desde un enfoque mixto, con un diseño metodológico de tipo “no experimental”, transversal y alcance descriptivo, sobre una población de 6644 funcionarios del Nivel Ejecutivo con tiempo cumplido para asignación de retiro. Mediante la estadística descriptiva se estableció la incidencia de las variables sociodemográficas en la intención de permanencia. Además, se aplicó un cuestionario electrónico a 4502 participantes, mediante muestreo por conveniencia, y se obtuvo como resultado que las variables “ubicación laboral”, “tiempo en la unidad” e “incentivos”, son las que más inciden en el proceso de fidelización policial, y las áreas de “oportunidades” y “beneficios” deben ser fortalecidas de manera diferencial, por grados. Finalmente, mediante análisis semántico latente, se analizan las respuestas dadas a la pregunta No. 29, y se establece qué aspectos, como “conciliación familiar y laboral” (48%) y “honrar y exaltar” (24%), son los más valorados; ello demuestra, que existen factores que inciden en la permanencia del personal y los mismos son de dominio institucional.
Gobernanzas criminales y enclaves productivos de la minería ilegal en Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, España, Rivera-Rhon Renato Andrés , Bravo-Grijalva Carlos Emilio ,   Relasedor, Quito, Ecuador
Published: July 2023

La investigación tiene por objetivo caracterizar los enclaves productivos de las gobernanzas criminales de la minería ilegal en Ecuador. A fin de comprender la economía política del crimen organizado asociado a este delito, se establecen cuatro enclaves productivos a partir de técnicas de análisis geográfico y teledetección, apoyado por entrevistas semiestructuradas e información de fuentes primarias y secundarias, donde se esclarecen los focos críticos de la minería ilegal y sus convergencias logísticas y de regulación social para mantener la rentabilidad de las operaciones. En síntesis, se concluye que los enclaves productivos de la minería ilegal han generado un sistema neoextractivista criminal, manifestado desde su modelo de producción hasta la regulación social en los territorios donde operan las organizaciones. Este sistema se interrelaciona con la corrupción sistemática de los distintos poderes del Estado, actores privados, comunidades indígenas y otras agrupaciones sociales, constituyéndose en una actividad altamente lucrativa que supera a los ingresos anuales del Estado ecuatoriano por esta práctica extractiva.
Enciclopédia da Filosofia Brasileira
Authors: Domingues Ivan
Published: July 2023

Esta Enciclopédia é o primeiro projeto coletivo do Grupo de Trabalho (GT) em Pensamento Filosófico Brasileiro, da ANPOF, que vem a lume como publicação on-line, com contribuições assinadas por seus membros, autores e autoras dos primeiros verbetes, e desde já aberta à colaboração da comunidade filosófica externa espalhada em diferentes pontos do país e do exterior.
Approach to Functionalization of Criminal Law in Risk Society
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Zhang Jing
Published: July 2023

Criminal law in risk society shows the trend of functional development. The principle of criminal responsibility which is the cornerstone of the justification of punishment has broken through its dysfunction and created the theory of crime prevention, which has effectively solved the conflict between the principle of criminal responsibility and the purpose of punishment in traditional criminal law theory. Legal interest which is the core of criminal law has deviated from its original intention because of the increasingly broad scope of subsumtion. Therefore, it is the evitable way for legal interest to break through the dysfunction to maintain the principle of legal interest.
Online Stalking Legislation and Tasks for their Improvement
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Kim Jan Di
Published: July 2023

Due to the ambiguity surrounding the concept of stalking, there has been much difficulty in introducing laws on how to punish stalking. In short, concerns with regard to overexpanding punitive authority have acted as an obstacle to the legislation of laws on the punishment of stalking, but surprisingly enough the Act on the Punishment of Stalking Crimes was passed in 2021 after long-held discussions. Legislation and enforcement of the Act on the Punishment of Stalking Crimes have made it possible to make a full-fledged response against stalking crimes. However, this same law doesn't mean that an effective response can be made against all stalking crimes. In particular, there is much still left to be done with regard to shoring up the response against online stalking. Lately, in addition to making threats by physically approaching the victim, stalking online has come to the fore as a social issue. Unlike stalking behavior that occurs offline, online stalking is characterized by anonymity, being unconstrained by time and space, and a high degree of transmission. The semi-permanent harm from online stalking demands stronger punishment, but as these new types of crime go beyond the expected scope of existing penal laws, there's a vacuum in terms of their punishment. In particular, previous laws for punishing stalking were impracticable for punishing all types of online stalking. Therefore, legislative measures and institutional improvements were desperately needed to adequately restrict online stalking. Therefore, the present study examined laws on online stalking and reviewed in detail solutions for their improvement. Online stalking through the use of information communication networks has a lower risk when compared to stalking in person where a stalker directly comes face to face with victim. However, online stalking is unconstrained by time and place, has a higher frequency of occurrence, and its harm continues semi-permanently. Thus, its severity cannot be overlooked, and adequate laws that address it must be devised. Specifically, relaxing the requirement for establishing patterns of online stalking crimes, prevention of the spread of harm, and consolidating laws on the punishment of online stalking can prevent the spread of harm and see to delivering an adequate response against online stalking.
A Study on effectiveness of the Serious Accident Punishment Act
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Park He rim
Published: July 2023

In Korea, even though there were laws such as occupational safety and health law and criminal law, such as occupational negligence and loss of life due to industrial accidents, the proportion of deaths from industrial accidents is still higher than that of advanced countries, and large-scale accidents such as the Icheon fire accident continue to occur. Accordingly, along with awareness of safety, the theory of responsibility for industrial accidents has become a hot topic. As part of that, it has been one year since the introduction of the Severe Disaster Punishment Act was enacted. As a result of the implementation, the investigation is prolonging as the proportion of cases processed is less than 30%, and the effectiveness of the Severe Accident Punishment Act is strongly questioned as only one case has been prosecuted. Rather, the news that the manager is strengthening legal services to avoid his responsibility is that the intention of introducing the Severe Disaster Punishment Act, which was expected to strengthen prevention and safety measures due to strong punishment, disproves that it is flowing in a different direction. Therefore, in this paper, in order to examine the direction of practical application of the Serious Accident Punishment Act, the Industrial Safety and Health Act, which already has similar constituent requirements, and the Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007 will be closely compared and examined, and accordingly, the problems of the Severe Accident Punishment Act will be examined. And, based on James Reason's Swiss cheese model, which analyzed the causes of accidents caused by industrial accidents, along with improvement measures for the effectiveness of the Severe Accident Punishment Act, I'll discuss what is the direction for reasonable attribution of responsibility and prevention of recurrence.
Artificial Intelligence Prediction Program in Criminal Justice System: focused on its Biased Algorithm in relation to the Racial Discrimination
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Rhee Gina S.
Published: July 2023

In recent period, crime prediction programs have been newly introduced and utilized internationally in the field of criminal justice. COMPAS (“Corrective Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions”), as a representative example, is a recidivism prediction program used in several States in the United States. COMPAS is the most widely used risk assessment tools in the United States. The U.S. company Northpointe has developed an artificial intelligence algorithm that predicts the possibility of recidivism by analyzing the accumulated data such as criminal records, family relationships, educational history, drug abuse, etc. However, as it has been controversially argued that the results of these algorithms violate the defendants' constitutional rights, fundamental questions arise on how the results of the algorithm are produced, and what factors are calculated in judging a specific decision. In the era of A.I., ‘artificial intelligence’ is a concept that encompasses both technology development, utilization, and operation systems, normative judgment and policy design related to the use of the system in the judicial system. Furthermore, ethical guidelines for preventing individual risks in the use of artificial intelligence and other legal restraints, including criminal sanctions, should be established. Based on the crime prediction, this study will discuss the bias and racism of algorithms based on crime prediction technologies. This paper further aims to scrutinize the crime prediction and artificial intelligence algorithms in relation to the racial discrimination and social inequality against specific groups in criminal justice. Though not as much as in the U.S., often referred to as a ‘salad bowl’ society, South Korea has also entered a multicultural society due to recent surge in immigration, labor market, and international marriage. Lastly, the author emphasizes the importance of further research on the utilization of crime prediction tool in South Korea, as it requires careful deliberation and thorough comparative legal research prior the adoption of the new technology in the criminal justice system.
Escola, família e adoção
Authors: Moreno Gilmara Lupion
Published: July 2023

O artigo objetiva demonstrar a importância do tema Adoção nos cursos de formação inicial e continuada de professores para a docência na Educação Infantil e no Ensino Fundamental I. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com base nos estudos realizados a partir de um projeto de pesquisa e extensão e da oferta da Disciplina Especial “Escola e Adoção” para os cursos de Pedagogia, Psicologia e Serviço Social. Os resultados revelam o interesse e a possibilidade de futuros professores, professores em exercício e gestores trabalharem a adoção na escola, construindo uma cultura adotiva.
Roles of phytochrome, PixJ, and photosynthesis in photophobotaxis of the filamentous cyanobacterium Phormidium lacuna
Authors: Lamparter Tilman , Schwabenland Elina , Jelen Carolina Janine , Weber Nora
Published: July 2023

Cyanobacterium Phormidium lacuna filaments move from dark to
illuminated areas by twitching motility. Time-lapse recordings
demonstrated that this photophobotaxis response was based on random
movements with movement reversion at the light-dark border. The
filaments in the illuminated area form a biofilm attached to the
surface. The wild-type and two mutants, pixJ and cphA,
were investigated for photophobotaxis at diverse wavelengths and
intensities. CphA is a cyanobacterial phytochrome; PixJ is a biliprotein
with a methyl-accepting chemotaxis domain and is regarded as a
phototaxis photoreceptor. The cphA mutant exhibits reduced
biofilm surface binding. The pixJ mutant was characterized by
greater photophobotaxis sensitivity. Thus, PixJ is a negative
photophobotaxis regulator and does not serve as a light direction
sensor. 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) blocks electron
transfer in PS II. At concentrations of 100 and 1000 µM DCMU,
photophobotaxis was inhibited, whereas motility was not significantly
affected. This specific effect indicates PS II’s central role in
light-direction sensing. It is argued that the intracellular
concentrations of regular photoreceptors, including CphA or PixJ, are
too small for a filament to sense rapid light intensity changes in very
weak light. Three arguments, specific inhibition by DCMU, broad spectral
sensitivity, and sensitivity against weak light, support photosynthesis
pigments use as photophobotaxis sensors.
The importance of supplementation with vitamin D and minerals for achieving maximum effects in the treatment of osteoporosis
Authors: Milenovic Natasa
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Vitamin D is known to regulate calcium and phosphate
metabolism. It plays an essential role in maintaining a healthy mineralized
skeleton and it is also an immunomodulatory hormone. Experimental studies
have shown that vitamin D has significant biologic activities on the innate
and adaptive immune systems. Animal studies have demonstrated that
administration of vitamin D or its metabolites leads to changes in the
occurrence and progression of various immune-related diseases. This supports
the clinical and epidemiological data that link vitamin D with the incidence
and severity of many disorders, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis,
rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, and infectious diseases. In recent
decades, interest in vitamin D has increased exponentially, particularly as
a vitamin D deficit has been associated with multiple diseases, and
globally, there appears to be a high vitamin D deficiency. Osteoporosis
prevention. Recent literature states that for the prevention of
hypovitaminosis D in children, a daily recommended dose of 400-800
international units (IU) from 0 months to 3 years is required. For ages up
to 18, the dose increases to 1000 IU, and from 19 to 70+ the dose is up to
1500 IU. In treating hypovitaminosis D, higher doses than preventive doses
are recommended. For ages 0 to 12 months, they vary from 1000 to 1500 IU,
while after the age of 9, therapeutic doses increase to 4000 IU.
Osteoporosis therapy. In osteoporosis therapy, two groups of drugs are most
often used - antiresorptive and anabolic. Of the antiresorptive
preparations, bisphosphonates are the most important - the gold standard in
treating osteoporosis, the first drug of choice. Conclusion. Circulating
vitamin D has an important physiological role. It is necessary to provide
enough vitamin D daily to ensure stable concentrations in the circulation
and ensure optimal benefits of vitamin D. Recommendations for vitamin D
supplementation differ in terms of preventive versus therapeutic doses. If a
person is diagnosed with osteoporosis, before the introduction of
antiresorptive or anabolic therapy, it is necessary to determine the method
of administration of the appropriate dose of vitamin D. In the treatment of
osteoporosis bisphosphonates are the gold standard; in addition to vitamin
D.
Income inequalities in the accelerating digital era: Evidence from EU countries and COVID-time
Authors: Woźniak-Jęchorek Beata , Kuźmar Sławomir
Published: July 2023

Many research state that digitalization is mainly an opportunity, now more
than ever. Digital firms are more productive, employ more skilled workers,
and foresee more employment growth opportunities ahead. In 2020, the
combined health and economic shocks have, however, accelerated the
technology driven displacement of jobs, which can exacerbate existing
inequalities in the coming years. The goal of this paper is to analyze
changes in the scale of income inequalities over the last five years, ending
in 2021 with respect to the pre-existing inequalities in access to ICTs
(connectivity), differences in digital skills (human capital), integration
of digital technology in enterprises and digital public services in EU
countries. Our research indicates that in the short-term, the degree of
inequality in EU27 nations grew more in countries with greater connectivity,
as measured by access to broadband Internet. However, only the integration
of digital technology in businesses and fundamental access to the Internet
were linked to a greater reduction in the Gini index from 2017-2021.
Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in oral cavity
Authors: Tambur Zoran , Aleksic Ema , Milutinovic Jovana , Malesevic Adam , Subotic Dejana , Biocanin Vladimir
Published: July 2023

Gram-negative bacteria include more than 20 genera. The most commonly isolated genera are: Bacteriodes spp., Porphiromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp. and Prevotella spp. The following genera were isolated somewhat less frequently: Tanerella spp., Leptotricha spp., Veilonella spp.,Wollinela spp., Selenomonas spp. and Treponema spp. Anaerobic bacteria have an anaerobic type of metabolism and therefore their incubation is significantly longer and more demanding than aerobic bacteria. The genera Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp. and Fusobacterium spp. are part of the resident flora of the oral cavity and in unfavorable conditions cause periodontal diseases, and sometimes dentogenic infections and systemic diseases, such as Alzheimer?s disease, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases. The three most important steps for the successful diagnosis of anaerobic bacteria are: proper sampling with avoiding sample contamination, rapid transport of samples to the microbiological laboratory and proper handling of samples. A combination of beta-lactam with the addition of beta-lactamase inhibitors, metronidazole, clindamycin and moxifloxacin is used for treatment for infections caused by anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria. It is important to note that antibiotics should be used only with a clear indication and to choose the right antibiotic in the optimal dose. The aim of this review is to point out the role of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in periodontal diseases, and its isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility.
Overview of changes in the health sector and its financing in the Republic of Serbia in the period 2004-2020
Authors: Gajic-Stevanovic Milena , Stevanovic Ivan
Published: July 2023

Introduction. In the period from 2004 to 2020, many reforms were implemented
in the health sector of the Republic of Serbia and it?s financing. The aim
of this work was to provide an insight into foundations on which healthcare
was based in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2004 to 2020 and
review the reform changes in the healthcare sector and it?s financing.
Material and method. A retrospective analysis of data from the National
Health Account of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia, the regulations
of the Republic Health Insurance Fund, reports of the Ministry of Health as
well as laws and regulations related to the health sector was performed.
Results. The results of the analysis showed that the State health sector
represented the foundation of the health system in the Republic of Serbia in
the observed period. Of the total health financing, it was estimated that
about sixty percent were public financing schemes, and about forty percent
belonged to private schemes, with a large part of private schemes being
out-of-pocket payments. Conclusion. The general conclusion of the analysis
is that in the observed period, within the framework of the reform changes,
Serbia had a good system of exemption from participation, but that
out-of-pocket payments for certain health services and corrupt payments
represented a barrier to health care.
A phenomenological analysis of teacher experiences during professional learning on the implementation of the question formulation technique
Authors: Seva Nada , Djeric Ivana
Published: July 2023

In this study, through an in-depth analysis of teachers? reflections, we
examined how personal and professional beliefs influenced school-based
professional learning during teachers? experimentation with the Question
Formulation Technique - QFT1. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with
two primary school teachers taught Mathematics and Geography. Two
meta-themes emerged from the interpretative phenomenological analysis:
Traditional Teachers That Focus on the Atmosphere and Quality of Motivation
and Engagement During Question Formulation Technique Implementation.
Teachers? condensed experiences were shaped by their personal and
professional beliefs and values. This determined the quality and type of
motivation and behaviour during school-based professional learning. Teachers
emphasized that students were more behaviourally, cognitively, and
socio-emotionally engaged. The functions of the QFT in Mathematics and
Geography classes were considerably fulfilled, mostly in creating a
classroom atmosphere where asking questions was valued.
Effect of the Absence of HEMA on the Bonding Properties of Universal Adhesive Systems Containing 10-MDP: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Wendlinger M , Nuñez A , Moreira PHA , Carneiro TS , Cochinski GD , Siqueira FSF , Cardenas AFM , Loguercio AD
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To evaluate the absence of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) on the adhesive properties with enamel and dentin of universal adhesive systems containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP).

Methods and Materials

One hundred and twelve caries-free third molars were used to test adhesion to dentin (n=64) and enamel (n=48). For each substrate, teeth were divided into eight experimental groups: four different adhesives each using two adhesive strategies. The adhesives used were: (1) Scotchbond Universal (SBU, 3M Oral Care, St Paul, MN, USA) as a HEMA-containing universal adhesive; (2) Gluma Bond Universal (GBU, Kulzer, Hanau, Germany); (3) Solare Universal Bond (SUB, GC, Tokyo, Japan); and (4) Zipbond Universal (ZIP, SDI, Victoria, Australia) as HEMA-free universal adhesives. The adhesive strategies used were etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE). For dentin tests, the occlusal third of the crown of all teeth was removed and an adhesive protocol was applied. After completing the restoration, specimens were sectioned into bonded sticks (0.8 mm 2) and tested for microtensile bond strength (μTBS), in situ degree of conversion (DC), and nanoleakage (NL) by scanning electron microscopy. For enamel tests, teeth were sectioned into four parts (buccal, lingual, and proximal), and an adhesive protocol was applied. After completing the restoration, the specimens were tested for their microshear bond strength (μSBS). For in situ degree of conversion (DC) and nanoleakage (NL) evaluation of enamel, the specimens were sectioned in slices to be evaluated. The data for each substrate were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05) for each property evaluated.

Results

The SBU and ZIP adhesives showed the highest μSBS, and DC (dentin and enamel) and lower NL (dentin) values compared to GBU and SUB (p=0.001). However, SBU showed better results in terms of μTBS and μSBS (SE strategy), and DC (dentin and enamel) than ZIP. Strategy ER presented higher values of μTBS and μSBS when compared to strategy SE (p=0.001), except for SBU.

Conclusion

The effect of the absence of HEMA in commercial universal adhesive systems on enamel and dentin adhesive properties appears to be material-dependent.
Biological Features of Tenebrio Molitor, Zophobas Morio and Hermetia Illucens Larvae as the Source of Feed Protein for Animals
Authors: Medvedev A. Y. , Volgina N. V. , Smetankina V. G. , Matkovskaya A. A. , Zelenkov A. P. , Zelenkova G. A.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Due to the world’s population growth, the need for food products increases. The only way to solve the problem is to develop the animal husbandry, poultry and fish farming, which are currently facing the acute deficit of protein feedstuff. Due to the chemical composition, the larvae of the yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) beetle, zofobas (Zophobas morio) beetle and the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) could be efficiently used in the compound feed production. Therefore, our research aims at the comparative study of the biological features of the above insects and their larvae in the context of improving the technology of the new types of feed protein production.

Materials and Methods. The research was conducted by comparing the biological features of the following insects: Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas morio and Hermetia illucens.

Results. The specific temperature conditions in the native ranges of the studied insect species were revealed. That could benefit the larvae artificial rearing technology. The aspects of the natural fodder base influence on the formation of the larvae nutrient medium upon their rearing for feed protein production were determined. The larvae growth intensity of the studied insect species was compared.

Discussion and Conclusion. The study of Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas morio and Hermetia illucens biological features brought us to the conclusion that using their larvae as feed protein in production of the compound feed is expedient. Based on the chemical composition features of the above larvae, both in their natural and protein feed flour form, they can be recommended for feeding the valuable fish species, poultry, pigs and small domestic animals.
Effect of Music Therapy on Alzheimer’s Disease: How Music Combats Alzheimer’s Disease?
Authors: Mai Gracelyn , Fan Jeffery , Mai Brandon , Fan Xiujun
Published: July 2023

Alzheimer’s disease, the most prevalent form of dementia, is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder. The risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease include age, genetics, lifestyle, and other external stressors. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought along many changes and has exacerbated symptoms within persons with Alzheimer’s disease such as depression, anxiety, and agitation, with this also accelerating cognitive decline and mental health of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. COVID-19 has the capacity to increase risk of Alzheimer’s disease within healthy people, as it also has capacities to target the central nervous system. Though Alzheimer’s disease cases are continually rising dramatically, there is no cure. Current treatment options, such as drugs, are not easily accessible and have many limitations. As a result, non-pharmacological and easily accessible interventions, such as music therapy, have garnered interest. In this review, we summarized different music therapy techniques, outcomes of music therapy treatments, and the underlying mechanisms of music therapy. Though music therapy is a promising option for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, due to limited results concerning long term benefits, the combination of music therapy with other non-pharmacological interventions such as physical exercise should also be considered.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Tooth Whitening of Using Reservoir in Bleaching Trays as Compared to Using Bleaching Tray without the Reservoir: An Observational Clinical Trial
Authors: Rabi Tarek , Salloum Mira
Published: July 2023

Background: Bleaching procedures have gained importance due to the increase in aesthetic demand. At-home bleaching procedures have become popular due to their ease of application at their own time. At-home bleaching procedures can be modified to increase effectiveness.
Aim: The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of tooth whitening by using bleaching trays with reservoirs and ones without reservoirs.
Materials and Methods: The present study is an observational clinical trial done on 24 patients in Palestine. All the caries-free participants with Canine shades darker than A2 were included in the present study. The sample was divided into two groups. One group received bleaching trays with a reservoir, another group received bleaching trays without a reservoir. 10% carbamide peroxide was used as a bleaching agent in both groups for 21 days with 3-hour wear of trays. The primary outcome measured in the study was color change using the spectrophotometer VITA Easyshade. The secondary outcomes measured in the study were post-bleaching gingival irritation and tooth sensitivity. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. T-test was done to compare the primary outcomes between the two groups and the Chi-square test was done to compare the secondary outcomes.
Results: T-test showed that there is no significant difference between the color change in the two groups. The chi-square test showed that there is no significant difference in the occurrence of gingival irritation and tooth sensitivity between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: There is no significant difference in color change between the bleaching tray with the reservoir and without the reservoir. There is no significant difference in the increase in gingival irritation or tooth sensitivity between the two groups. Further studies and meta-analyses need to be conducted to obtain more evidence-based data on the outcomes.
Measurability of the mathematics teaching modules on problem solving-skills in the concentration of agribusiness expertise in plantation
Authors: Sudiansyah Sudiansyah , Rif'at Mohamad , Hartoyo Agung
Published: July 2023

Preliminary research involving 30 mathematics teachers at the MGMP VHS of Ketapang district and interviews with business world and plantation industry representatives suggested that 81.7% of respondents voiced concerns over the current mathematics teaching materials, which do not adequately equip students with problem-solving skills in line with their expertise concentration. This issue reflects on the quality of VHS graduates who are expected to be job-ready and skilled. The objective of this study is to develop a measurable teaching module, conceptually and methodologically, that yields quantifiable results in alignment with the concentration of expertise and the requirements of the business and industry world. The research method adopted is a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design through the Van den Akker development study. A quantitative analysis of 20 respondents, comprising mathematics and productive teachers at a center of excellence vocational school, lecturers of Tanjung Pura STKIP, Ketapang State Polytechnic, and a team from the business and industry world in the plantation sector, resulted in a Pearson correlation of Ryx1x2x3=0.949, a determination coefficient [r2] of 0.900, and an F-calculation of 48.06 for the regression equation Y ̂ = 0.566 + 0.444 X1 + 0.278 X2 + 0.135 X3. From these results, it is concluded that the concepts, methods, and outcomes utilized in this teaching module are appropriate. The relationship between concepts, methods, and outcomes in teaching modules on skills to solve mathematical problems is unidirectional. Expert validity on aspects of module content, presentation feasibility, language appropriateness, and problem-solving skills amounted to 96.88% in the Very Valid category. Practicality from the aspects of interest, material, and language places the category at 92.02, which is very practical
Students’ mathematical communication through math-talk learning community: Describing levels and components
Authors: Yulian Vara Nina , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Darhim Darhim
Published: July 2023

This research aims to analyze and describe the role of the Math-Talk learning community in improving students' mathematical communication. A qualitative approach was adopted in this study, which involved observing the learning process related to patterns, sequences, and number sequences through the Math-Talk learning community method. The written test involved 34 grade VIII junior high school (SMP) students at a public school in Bandung, Indonesia. The results show that the learning components of the Math-Talk learning community, namely: (a) questioning techniques; (b) explanation of mathematical thinking; (c) sources of mathematical ideas; and (d) responsibility for learning, have the potential to improve mathematical communication skills in students. The results of this study show the importance of implementing the Math-Talk method in the school mathematics curriculum to facilitate better and more effective mathematics communication between students and enrich their mathematics learning experience.
Análisis, con perspectiva de género, de los contenidos digitales: propuesta metodológica
Authors: Adá-Lameiras Alba , Rodríguez-Castro Yolanda , Martínez Román Rosana
Published: July 2023

Las metodologías clásicas necesitan una readaptación a los nuevos escenarios informativos/educativos para contribuir a la generación de un conocimiento riguroso y crítico de la realidad. En el espacio académico ha empezado a ganar visibilidad la inclusión de la igualdad de género, a través de los análisis de los sesgos de género en cualquier aspecto/ámbito científico. La información que se transmite a través de los nuevos entornos de ciber socialización, en concreto en las redes sociales, cada vez más utilizado por las y los jóvenes, representa su primera fuente de información y de formación, por lo que el contenido que consumen puede tener una relevante influencia en su desarrollo personal. Es por tanto el objetivo de este trabajo exponer una propuesta metodológica para el análisis de la información en los entornos digitales incorporando la perspectiva de género, que abarca desde la recogida de datos hasta el análisis de contenido. En definitiva, ya que la ciencia está sometida a la visión androcéntrica que impera en las sociedades patriarcales de primacía masculina, es necesario disponer de herramientas que permitan identificar los sesgos sexistas y garantizar estudios científicos rigurosos, en este caso, en las investigaciones centradas en la comunicación online y las redes sociales.
Los Algoritmos del Capitalismo de la Vigilancia como Medios de Comunicación de Masas: Un Modelo de Comunicación Algorítmica Interactiva y Persuasiva
Authors: Álvarez-Rufs Manuel
Published: July 2023

En este ensayo de investigación se analiza el modelo de comunicación subyacente tras la construcción de la realidad que llevan a cabo los sistemas de inteligencia artificial basados en algoritmos que actúan al servicio del capitalismo de la vigilancia como medios de comunicación de masas. Los algoritmos construyen diferentes realidades dentro del entramado cibernético actual, pero ¿cuál es la realidad de la construcción de la realidad de los algoritmos de los que se sirve el capitalismo de la vigilancia? Desde una mirada etnográfica a los algoritmos de Facebook y Twitter, se propone un nuevo modelo de comunicación algorítmica interactiva y persuasiva en el que los algoritmos generan diferentes niveles de realidad, con una finalidad oculta de manipulación y modificación conductual, como es el caso de los experimentos sociales llevados a cabo por Facebook, el escándalo de Cambridge Analytica o los sistemas de crédito social instaurados en algunos países.
La relación salarial en el área de la investigación y el desarrollo de las empresas japonesas: énfasis especial en la industria electrónica
Authors: Di Martino Luis Alberto
Published: July 2023

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Saadat Hasan Manto: escritor testigo. Un primer acercamiento
Authors: Devalle Susana B. C.
Published: July 2023

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El sida y el futuro de Zimbawe
Authors: González David
Published: July 2023

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Debate sobre la historicidad de la dinastía Xia y sus capitales: ¿fue Wangchenggang la capital de Yu?
Authors: Wiesheu Walburga
Published: July 2023

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Yemen no puede posponer más las reformas económicas
Authors: El-Zaim Issam
Published: July 2023

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La familia en el Islam. Su doctrina y evolución en la sociedad musulmana
Authors: Marín Guzmán Roberto
Published: July 2023

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Japón y México en un sermón
Authors: Martínez Rosales Alfonso
Published: July 2023

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Ziad Abu-Amr. Islamic Fundamentalism in the West Bank and Gaza. Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic Jihad. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994. xvii, 169 pp.
Authors: Marín Guzmán Roberto
Published: July 2023

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Why Do Teachers Leave the Profession: A Case Study
Authors: Keçeci Burhan , Keskinkılıç Kara Sultan Bilge
Published: July 2023

This case study aims to explore the reasons for teachers leaving the profession by examining a specific context. The study investigates the factors that contribute to teacher attrition and provides insights into the experiences and perspectives of teachers who have chosen to leave their teaching careers. By understanding the underlying causes of teacher turnover, this research seeks to inform policy and practice in order to improve teacher retention and address the challenges faced by educators. The study employs qualitative research methods, including interviews and surveys, to gather data from former teachers and analyze their responses. The findings shed light on the complex factors influencing teachers' decisions to leave and offer recommendations for creating a more supportive and fulfilling teaching environment.
Quaternary stratigraphy of Poland – current status
Authors: Marks Leszek
Published: July 2023

A critical verification of the previous stratigraphic Quaternary subdivisions has updated the setting of the stratigraphic units in Poland. Inconsequently applied classification and terminology in the Polish Quaternary stratigraphy has been accompanied by arbitrary correlation with marine isotope stages. This has resulted in the creation of several stratigraphic units, occasionally with ambiguous stratigraphic setting and chronology, and usually devoid of the type sections. A record of most of the Early and Middle Pleistocene is full of sedimentary hiatuses. The detailed stratigraphic setting of 5 glaciations (Nidanian, Sanian 1, Sanian 2, Odranian and Vistulian) and 4 interglacials (Podlasian, Ferdynandovian, Mazovian and Eemian) has been established in the Pleistocene of Poland. The palaeomagnetic Brunhes/Matuyama boundary was determined within the Podlasian Interglacial and therefore, the oldest glaciation (Nidanian) has no equivalent anywhere in Europe. The stratigraphic units distinguished are correlated with those in Western Europe and with the marine isotope stages. The Quaternary stratigraphy in Poland is faced with the necessity of how to define regional stratotypes of the main stratigraphic units and boundaries. A crucial issue is to change the approach from a qualitative description of the stratigraphic units to one based also on selected quantitative criteria.
Radiographic Evaluation of Left Atrial Size in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Dogs with Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: Remzi Gonul , Sağoğlu Hande , Suzan Murat
Published: July 2023

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is one of the most common heart diseases in Cavalier King Charles spaniel (CKCS) dogs. The American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) uses clinical, echocardiographic, and radiographic criteria to diagnose the disease, but measurement of vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) provides a simpler assessment. The aim of this study was to determine VLAS values in MMVD cases of CKCS and to investigate their clinical significance at different MMVD stages. Eighteen CKCS dogs of both sexes, different ages and weights, and different MMVD stages (6 at B1 stage, 6 at B2 stage, and 6 at C stage) were included in the study, as well as 6 healthy CKCS as control group A. We performed clinical, radiological, and echocardiographic examinations. VHS and VLAS values were significantly higher in the MMVD group than in the control group (p<0.001). VLAS showed high diagnostic accuracy in the detection of LA enlargement (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.98, cutoff ≥ 2.25, sensitivity: 88%, specificity: 100%, p<0.001). We also found high positive correlations between the VLAS and other values (LA /Ao, LVIDDn, and VHS) (r=0.88, r=0.88, and r=0.86, respectively) (p<0.001). It has been concluded that a VLAS value ≥2.25 can provide a meaningful diagnosis of left atrial enlargement in dogs with MMVD CKCS.