bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current Progress towards the Integration of Thermocouple and Chipless RFID Technologies and the Sensing of a Dynamic Stimulus
Authors: Mc Gee Kevin , Anandarajah Prince , Collins David
Published: November 2020

To date, no printable chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensor-related publications in the current literature discuss the possibility of thermocouple integration, particularly for the use in extreme environments. Furthermore, the effects of a time-dependent stimulus on the scattering parameters of a chipless RFID have never been discussed in the known literature. This work includes a review of possible methods to achieve this goal and the design and characterization of a Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) based VHF/UHF voltage sensing circuit. Proof-of-concept thermocouple integration was attempted, and subsequent testing was performed using a signal generator. These subsequent tests involved applying ramp and sinusoid voltage waveforms to the circuit and the characteristics of these signals are largely extracted from the scattering response. Overall conclusions of this paper are that thermocouple integration into chipless RFID technology is still a significant challenge and further work is needed to identify methods of thermocouple integration. With that being said, the developed circuit shows promise as being capable of being configured into a conventional chipless RFID DC voltage sensor.
Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Genesis of Agate—A Review
Authors: Götze Jens , Möckel Robert , Pan Yuanming
Published: November 2020

Agate—a spectacular form of SiO2 and a famous gemstone—is commonly characterized as banded chalcedony. In detail, chalcedony layers in agates can be intergrown or intercalated with macrocrystalline quartz, quartzine, opal-A, opal-CT, cristobalite and/or moganite. In addition, agates often contain considerable amounts of mineral inclusions and water as both interstitial molecular H2O and silanol groups. Most agate occurrences worldwide are related to SiO2-rich (rhyolites, rhyodacites) and SiO2-poor (andesites, basalts) volcanic rocks, but can also be formed as hydrothermal vein varieties or as silica accumulation during diagenesis in sedimentary rocks. It is assumed that the supply of silica for agate formation is often associated with late- or post-volcanic alteration of the volcanic host rocks. Evidence can be found in association with typical secondary minerals such as clay minerals, zeolites or iron oxides/hydroxides, frequent pseudomorphs (e.g., after carbonates or sulfates) as well as the chemical composition of the agates. For instance, elements of the volcanic rock matrix (Al, Ca, Fe, Na, K) are enriched, but extraordinary high contents of Ge (>90 ppm), B (>40 ppm) and U (>20 ppm) have also been detected. Calculations based on fluid inclusion and oxygen isotope studies point to a range between 20 and 230 °C for agate formation temperatures. The accumulation and condensation of silicic acid result in the formation of silica sols and proposed amorphous silica as precursors for the development of the typical agate micro-structure. The process of crystallisation often starts with spherulitic growth of chalcedony continuing into chalcedony fibers. High concentrations of lattice defects (oxygen and silicon vacancies, silanol groups) detected by cathodoluminescence (CL) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy indicate a rapid crystallisation via an amorphous silica precursor under non-equilibrium conditions. It is assumed that the formation of the typical agate microstructure is governed by processes of self-organization. The resulting differences in crystallite size, porosity, kind of silica phase and incorporated color pigments finally cause the characteristic agate banding and colors.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Studies and Keto-Enol Tautomerism of Novel 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivative Containing 3-Mercaptobutan-2-one and Quinazolin-4-one Moieties
Authors: Mohammed Sewara J. , Salih Akam K. , Rashid Mohammad Amin M. , Omer Khalid M. , Abdalkarim Karzan A.
Published: November 2020

In this study, a novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative containing 3-mercaptobutan-2-one and quinazolin-4-one moieties (Compound 3) is synthesized by the coupling of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-(3-mercaptobutan-2-one) (Compound 1) with 2-Phenyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (Compound 2) in one molecule moiety. Compound 3 is found to exist as two types of intra-molecular hydrogen bonding with keto-enol tautomerism characters, which is further confirmed using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass spectrometer, and UV-Visible spectra. The 1H-NMR and UV-Visible spectra of Compound 3 are investigated in different solvents such as methanol, chloroform, and DMSO. Compound 3 exhibits keto-enol tautomeric forms in solvents with different percentage ratios depending on the solvent polarity. The 1H-NMR and UV-Visible spectral results show that Compound 3 favors the keto over the enol form in polar aprotic solvents such as DMSO and the enol over the keto form in non-polar solvents such as chloroform. The 13C-NMR spectrum gives two singles at δ 204.5 ppm, due to ketonic carbon, and δ 155.5 ppm, due to enolic carbon, confirming the keto-enol tautomerism of Compound 3. Furthermore, the molecular ion at m/z 43 and m/z 407 in the mass spectrum of Compound 3 and fragmentation mechanisms proposed reveal the existence of the keto and enol forms, respectively.
Novel Papaverine Metal Complexes with Potential Anticancer Activities
Authors: Gaber Ahmed , Alsanie Walaa F. , Kumar Deo Nandan , Refat Moamen S. , Saied Essa M.
Published: November 2020

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although several potential therapeutic agents have been developed to efficiently treat cancer, some side effects can occur simultaneously. Papaverine, a non-narcotic opium alkaloid, is a potential anticancer drug that showed selective antitumor activity in various tumor cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that metal complexes improve the biological activity of the parent bioactive ligands. Based on those facts, herein we describe the synthesis of novel papaverine–vanadium(III), ruthenium(III) and gold(III) metal complexes aiming at enhancing the biological activity of papaverine drug. The structures of the synthesized complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic methods (IR, UV–Vis, NMR, TGA, XRD, SEM). The anticancer activity of synthesized metal complexes was evaluated in vitro against two types of cancer cell lines: human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cells. The results revealed that papaverine-Au(III) complex, among the synthesized complexes, possess potential antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Interestingly, the anticancer activity of papaverine–Au(III) complex against the examined cancer cell lines was higher than that of the papaverine alone, which indicates that Au-metal complexation improved the anticancer activity of the parent drug. Additionally, the Au complex showed anticancer activity against the breast cancer MCF-7 cells better than that of cisplatin. The biocompatibility experiments showed that Au complex is less toxic than the papaverine drug alone with IC50 ≈ 111 µg/mL. These results indicate that papaverine–Au(III) complex is a promising anticancer complex-drug which would make it a suitable candidate for further in vivo investigations.
Recent Advances in One-Pot Modular Synthesis of 2-Quinolones
Authors: Hong Wan Pyo , Shin Inji , Lim Hee Nam
Published: November 2020

It is known that 2-quinolones are broadly applicable chemical structures in medicinal and agrochemical research as well as various functional materials. A number of current publications about their synthesis and their applications emphasize the importance of these small molecules. The early synthetic chemistry originated from the same principle of the classical Friedländer and Knorr procedures for the preparation of quinolines. The analogous processes were developed by applying new synthetic tools such as novel catalysts, the microwave irradiation method, etc., whereas recent innovations in new bond forming reactions have allowed for novel strategies to construct the core structures of 2-quinolones beyond the bond disconnections based on two classical reactions. Over the last few decades, some reviews on structure-based, catalyst-based, and bioactivity-based studies have been released. In this focused review, we extensively surveyed recent examples of one-pot reactions, particularly in view of modular approaches. Thus, the contents are categorized as three major sections (two-, three-, and four-component reactions) according to the number of reagents that ultimately compose atoms of the core structures of 2-quinolones. The collected synthetic methods are discussed from the perspectives of strategy, efficiency, selectivity, and reaction mechanism.
High Fat-High Fructose Diet-Induced Changes in the Gut Microbiota Associated with Dyslipidemia in Syrian Hamsters
Authors: Horne Rachael G. , Yu Yijing , Zhang Rianna , Abdalqadir Nyan , Rossi Laura , Surette Michael , Sherman Philip M. , Adeli Khosrow
Published: November 2020

Aim: The objective of this study was to characterize the early effects of high fructose diets (with and without high fat) on both the composition of the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in Syrian hamsters, a reproducible preclinical model of diet-induced dyslipidemia. Methods: Eight-week-old male hamsters were fed diets consisting of high-fat/high-fructose, low-fat/high-fructose or a standard chow diet for 14 days. Stool was collected at baseline (day 0), day 7 and day 14. Fasting levels of plasma triglycerides and cholesterol were monitored on day 0, day 7 and day 14, and nonfasting levels were also assayed on day 15. Then, 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples was used to determine gut microbial composition, and predictive metagenomics was performed to evaluate dietary-induced shifts in deduced microbial functions. Results: Both high-fructose diets resulted in divergent gut microbiota composition. A high-fat/high-fructose diet induced the largest shift in overall gut microbial composition, with dramatic shifts in the Firmicute/Bacteroidetes ratio, and changes in beta diversity after just seven days of dietary intervention. Significant associations between genus level taxa and dietary intervention were identified, including an association with Ruminococceace NK4A214 group in high-fat/high-fructose fed animals and an association with Butryimonas with the low-fat/high-fructose diet. High-fat/high-fructose feeding induced dyslipidemia with increases in plasma triglycerides and cholesterol, and hepatomegaly. Dietary-induced changes in several genus level taxa significantly correlated with lipid levels over the two-week period. Differences in microbial metabolic pathways between high-fat/high-fructose and low-fat/high-fructose diet fed hamsters were identified, and several of these pathways also correlated with lipid profiles in hamsters. Conclusions: The high-fat/high-fructose diet caused shifts in the host gut microbiota. These dietary-induced alterations in gut microbial composition were linked to changes in the production of secondary metabolites, which contributed to the development of metabolic syndrome in the host.
Liraglutide Activates Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor to Attenuate Hyperglycemia through Endogenous Beta-Endorphin in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Cheng Kai-Chun , Li Ying-Xiao , Shieh Po-Chuen , Cheng Juei-Tang , Hsu Chia-Chen
Published: November 2020

Liraglutide, an acylated analog of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), could improve glycemic control in diabetes. Moreover, endogenous opioid peptides play a role in blood sugar regulation. Since GLP-1 receptors are also expressed in extra-pancreatic tissues, this study investigates the effect of liraglutide on endogenous opioid secretion in type 1-like diabetes. The endogenous opioid level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The direct effect of liraglutide on endogenous opioid secretion was determined in the isolated adrenal medulla. Acute treatment with liraglutide dose-dependently attenuated hyperglycemia, and increased the plasma opioid neuropeptide, beta-endorphin (BER) levels in diabetic rats. These effects have been blocked by GLP-1 receptor antagonist, naloxone. Additionally, the effects of liraglutide were markedly reduced in adrenalectomized diabetic rats. In the isolated adrenal medulla, liraglutide induced BER secretion and increased the BER mRNA levels. Subcellular effects of liraglutide on the adrenal gland were further identified to mediate through the exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP, mainly using the pharmacological blockade. After repeatedly administering liraglutide, metabolic changes in diabetic rats were investigated, and genes associated with gluconeogenesis in the liver were downregulated. Naloxone pretreatment inhibited these effects of liraglutide, indicating the involvement of endogenous opioids. The present study indicated that liraglutide had an acute effect of reducing hyperglycemia by regulating endogenous opioid BER and modifying the glucose homeostasis.
Intranasal Delivery: Effects on the Neuroimmune Axes and Treatment of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Rhea Elizabeth M. , Logsdon Aric F. , Banks William A. , Erickson Michelle E.
Published: November 2020

This review highlights the pre-clinical and clinical work performed to use intranasal delivery of various compounds from growth factors to stem cells to reduce neuroimmune interactions. We introduce the concept of intranasal (IN) delivery and the variations of this delivery method based on the model used (i.e., rodents, non-human primates, and humans). We summarize the literature available on IN delivery of growth factors, vitamins and metabolites, cytokines, immunosuppressants, exosomes, and lastly stem cells. We focus on the improvement of neuroimmune interactions, such as the activation of resident central nervous system (CNS) immune cells, expression or release of cytokines, and detrimental effects of signaling processes. We highlight common diseases that are linked to dysregulations in neuroimmune interactions, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury.
Examination of Chaotic Structures in Semiconductor or Alloy Voltage Time-Series: A Complex Network Approach for the Case of TlInTe2
Authors: Tsiotas Dimitrios , Magafas Lykourgos , P. Hanias Michael
Published: November 2020

This paper proposes a method for examining chaotic structures in semiconductor or alloy voltage oscillation time-series, and focuses on the case of the TlInTe2 semiconductor. The available voltage time-series are characterized by instabilities in negative differential resistance in the current–voltage characteristic region, and are primarily chaotic in nature. The analysis uses a complex network analysis of the time-series and applies the visibility graph algorithm to transform the available time-series into a graph so that the topological properties of the graph can be studied instead of the source time-series. The results reveal a hybrid lattice-like configuration and a major hierarchical structure corresponding to scale-free characteristics in the topology of the visibility graph, which is in accordance with the default hybrid chaotic and semi-periodic structure of the time-series. A novel conceptualization of community detection based on modularity optimization is applied to the available time-series and reveals two major communities that are able to be related to the pair-wise attractor of the voltage oscillations’ phase portrait of the TlInTe2 time-series. Additionally, the network analysis reveals which network measures are more able to preserve the chaotic properties of the source time-series. This analysis reveals metric information that is able to supplement the qualitative phase-space information. Overall, this paper proposes a complex network analysis of the time-series as a method for dealing with the complexity of semiconductor and alloy physics.
Unique Slow Crack Growth Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene: The Role of Shear Layer-Spherulites Layer Alternated Structure
Authors: Liu Mingjin , Luo Jiaxu , Chen Jin , Gao Xueqin , Fu Qiang , Zhang Jie
Published: November 2020

With the development of polymer science, more attention is being paid to the longevity of polymer products. Slow crack growth (SCG), one of the most important factors that reveal the service life of the products, has been investigated widely in the past decades. Here, we manufactured an isotactic polypropylene (iPP) sample with a novel shear layer–spherulites layer alternated structure using multiflow vibration injection molding (MFVIM). However, the effect of the alternated structure on the SCG behavior has never been reported before. Surprisingly, the results showed that the resistivity of polymer to SCG can be enhanced remarkably due to the special alternated structure. Moreover, this sample shows unique slow crack propagation behavior in contrast to the sample with the same thickness of shear layer, presenting multiple microcracks in the spherulites layer, which can explain the reason of the resistivity improvement of polymer to SCG.
Glucosamine Modified the Surface of pH-Responsive Poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate) Brushes Grafted on Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Smart Nanocarrier
Authors: Beagan Abeer , Lahmadi Shatha , Alghamdi Ahlam , Halwani Majed , Almeataq Mohammed , Alhazaa Abdulaziz , Alotaibi Khalid , Alswieleh Abdullah
Published: November 2020

This work presents the synthesis of pH-responsive poly(2-(diethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDEAEMA) brushes anchored on hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN-PDEAEMA) via a surface-initiated ARGET ATRP technique. The average size of HMSNs was ca. 340 nm, with a 90 nm mesoporous silica shell. The dry thickness of grafted PDEAEMA brushes was estimated to be ca 30 nm, as estimated by SEM and TEM. The halogen group on the surface of PDEAMA brushes was successfully derivatized with glucosamine, as confirmed by XPS. The effect of pH on the size of the hybrid nanoparticles was investigated by DLS. The size of fabricated nanoparticle decreased from ca. 950 nm in acidic media to ca. 500 nm in basic media due to the deprotonation of tertiary amine in the PDEAEMA. The PDEAEMA modified HMSNs nanocarrier was efficiently loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) with a loading capacity of ca. 64%. DOX was released in a relatively controlled pH-triggered manner from hybrid nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that DOX@HMSN-PDEAEMA-Glucosamine showed a strong ability to kill breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR) at low drug concentrations, in comparison to free DOX.
Between Self and Spirit: Mapping the Geographies of Black Women’s Spirituality
Authors: Henderson Carol E.
Published: November 2020

“There wasn’t enough for Indigo in the world she’d been born to, so she made up what she needed [...]
Teaching Jihad: Developing Religious Literacy through Graphic Novels
Authors: Brooks Melanie C. , Cutler Kelly Deits , Sanjakdar Fida , Liou Daniel D.
Published: November 2020

This study examined the representations of jihad in graphic novels to ascertain how its depictions may inform the development of religious literacy in secondary classrooms. Hegemonic constructions of jihad in the West are commonly reduced to false binaries that shape non-Muslims’ extant beliefs and perceptions of Islam and Muslims. This raises concerns about the ways in which societal expectations shape knowledge formation in schools. Accordingly, this critical content analysis explored the depiction of jihad in three graphic novel memoirs, an increasingly popular medium of instruction in secondary classrooms. Our analysis identified three forms of jihad conveyed through the graphic novels, specifically: jihad for education, jihad for gender justice, and jihad for identity. These representations provide robust counternarratives and suggest the value of teaching religious concepts through graphic novels as a way to develop deeper understandings and counter misinformation. The article concludes with six recommendations for educators to consider when teaching religious content through contemporary graphic novels.
Satellite Image Multi-Frame Super Resolution Using 3D Wide-Activation Neural Networks
Authors: Dorr Francisco
Published: November 2020

The small satellite market continues to grow year after year. A compound annual growth rate of 17% is estimated during the period between 2020 and 2025. Low-cost satellites can send a vast amount of images to be post-processed at the ground to improve the quality and extract detailed information. In this domain lies the resolution enhancement task, where a low-resolution image is converted to a higher resolution automatically. Deep learning approaches to Super Resolution (SR) reached the state-of-the-art in multiple benchmarks; however, most of them were studied in a single-frame fashion. With satellite imagery, multi-frame images can be obtained at different conditions giving the possibility to add more information per image and improve the final analysis. In this context, we developed and applied to the PROBA-V dataset of multi-frame satellite images a model that recently topped the European Space Agency’s Multi-frame Super Resolution (MFSR) competition. The model is based on proven methods that worked on 2D images tweaked to work on 3D: the Wide Activation Super Resolution (WDSR) family. We show that with a simple 3D CNN residual architecture with WDSR blocks and a frame permutation technique as the data augmentation, better scores can be achieved than with more complex models. Moreover, the model requires few hardware resources, both for training and evaluation, so it can be applied directly on a personal laptop.
Optimization Design and Flexible Detection Method of a Surface Adaptation Wall-Climbing Robot with Multisensor Integration for Petrochemical Tanks
Authors: Zhang Minglu , Zhang Xuan , Li Manhong , Cao Jian , Huang Zhexuan
Published: November 2020

Recently, numerous wall-climbing robots have been developed for petrochemical tank maintenance. However, most of them are difficult to be widely applied due to common problems such as poor adsorption capacity, low facade adaptability, and low detection accuracy. In order to realize automatic precise detection, an innovative wall-climbing robot system was designed. Based on magnetic circuit optimization, a passive adaptive moving mechanism that can adapt to the walls of different curvatures was proposed. In order to improve detection accuracy and efficiency, a flexible detection mechanism combining with a hooke hinge that can realize passive vertical alignment was designed to meet the detection requirements. Through the analysis of mechanical models under different working conditions, a hierarchical control system was established to complete the wall thickness and film thickness detection. The results showed that the robot could move safely and stably on the facade, as well as complete automatic precise detection.
Staphylococcal Panton–Valentine Leucocidin and Gamma Haemolysin Target and Lyse Mature Bone Marrow Leucocytes
Authors: Hodille Elisabeth , Plesa Adriana , Bourrelly Eve , Belmont Lucie , Badiou Cédric , Lina Gerard , Dumitrescu Oana
Published: November 2020

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen, inducing several infections ranging from the benign to the life-threatening, such as necrotising pneumonia. S. aureus is capable of producing a great variety of virulence factors, such as bicomponent pore-forming leucocidin, which take part in the physiopathology of staphylococcal infection. In necrotising pneumonia, Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL) induces not only lung injury and necrosis, but also leukopenia, regarded as a major factor of a poor prognosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of bicomponent pore-forming leucocidin, PVL and gamma haemolysin on bone marrow leucocytes, to better understand the origin of leukopenia. Using multi-parameter cytometry, the expression of leucocidin receptors (C5aR, CXCR1, CXCR2, and CCR2) was assessed and toxin-induced lysis was measured for each bone marrow leucocyte population. We observed that PVL resulted in myeloid-derived cells lysis according to their maturation and their C5aR expression; it also induced monocytes lysis according to host susceptibility. Haemolysin gamma A, B, and C (HlgABC) displayed cytotoxicity to monocytes and natural killer cells, hypothetically through CXCR2 and CXCR1 receptors, respectively. Taken together, the data suggest that PVL and HlgABC can lyse bone marrow leucocytes. Nevertheless, the origin of leukopenia in severe staphylococcal infection is predominantly peripheral, since immature cells stay insensitive to leucocidins.
Nuclear Response to Second-Order Isospin Probes in Connection to Double Beta Decay
Authors: Cappuzzello Francesco , Cavallaro Manuela
Published: November 2020

One of the key ingredients needed to extract quantitative information on neutrino absolute mass scale from the possible measurement of the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay half-lives is the nuclear matrix element (NME) characterizing such transitions. NMEs are not physical observables and can only be deduced by theoretical calculations. However, since the atomic nuclei involved in the decay are many-body systems, only approximated values are available to date. In addition, the value of the coupling constants to be used for the weak interaction vertices is still an open question, which introduces a further indetermination in the calculations of NMEs. Several experimental approaches were developed in the years with the aim of providing useful information to further constrain the theory. Here we give an overview of the role of charge exchange reactions in this scenario, focusing on second-order processes, namely the double charge exchange (DCE) reactions.
Groundwater Chemistry and Stratification in the Flooded Hard-Coal Mine Shaft “Nowy I” (Nowa Ruda Region, SW Poland)
Authors: Chudy Krzysztof , Worsa-Kozak Magdalena , Wójcik Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

The flooding of unprofitable underground mines is one of the methods of their closure. After the drainage of the mine has stopped, the voids left in the rock mass as a result of mining, are filled with inflowing groundwater. In this way, reservoirs of groundwater with specific physicochemical parameters are formed. These parameters depend on the interaction of the water flowing into the workings with the rock formations. It was the economic situation in the 1990s that led to the closure of hard coal mines in the Nowa Ruda Coal Basin, where the flooded “Nowy I” shaft is located. In that shaft, in 2008, hydrogeological research was performed and groundwater samples from five various depths were collected. The aim of the study was to recognize if groundwater stratification occurs in the shaft. In 2015, a sample of the water outflowing through the “Aleksander” adit was taken to check the potential influence of mine flooding on the environment and to confirm the changes in groundwater chemistry over time. These were the first, and so far, the only studies on the chemical composition of water in the flooded mine in that area. The article presents results of the preliminary research, which confirmed the existence of not obvious hydrogeochemical stratification in the shaft. It can be assumed that below the depth of 350 m, the water circulating through mining excavations exhibits the highest electrical conductivity and the highest concentration of Ca2+, K+, SO42−, Fetot. In the depth range of 320–380 m there is a transition zone, in which a decrease of Eh value and a change of reduction and oxidation is recorded. Above this zone, infiltration water inflow, from outside the shaft casing, dominates. The research shows that it would be necessary to perform additional sampling of the water in the shaft at greater depths, as well as to perform isotope analysis and periodical tests for at least several years. This would allow for a more complete characterisation of hydrogeochemical processes taking place in the flooded mine.
ANALISA PEMANFAATAN MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING PADA ROUTING PROTOCOL OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST
Authors: Friyanto Angga , Bachtiar Adam Mukharil , Baihaqi Abdu Sofyan
Published: November 2020

Transformasi digital diberbagai sektor membuat peningkatan kebutuhan infrastruktur jaringan untuk menopang tingginya trafik. Ketersedian sumber daya jaringan menjadi komponen penting dalam proses bisnis pada era digital. Selain penambahan infrastruktur, solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut adalah optimasi. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) sebagai salah satu mekanisme penentuan jalur pengiriman data secara dinamis memiliki fitur dan performa yang baik dengan kalkulasi secara otomatis menggunakan algoritma yang memperhitungkan lebar bandwith. Dalam transmisi data, MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) merupakan metode pengiriman paket data menggunakan label dalam proses penerusan pengiriman paket data. Penelitian ini menganalisis optimalisasi pemanfaatan MPLS sebagai mekanisme pengiriman paket data untuk komunikasi protokol routing OSPF. Pada penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah dengan eksperimen. Analisa yang dilakukan dengan membandingkan data hasil uji coba sistem jaringan OSPF yang menggunakan MPLS dan sistem jaringan OSPF tanpa MPLS. Dari analisa yang dilakukan dengan membandingkan  delay dan packet loss disimpulkan sistem jaringan yang menggunakan MPLS lebih efisien dan lebih cepat dalam komunikasi data.

Kata Kunci: Data Transmisi, MPLS, OSPF, Rekayasa Trafik, Routing
EVALUASI USER INTERFACE APLIKASI GOJEK TERHADAP PENGGUNA APLIKASI DI KOTA AMBON DENGAN METODE HEURISTIC
Authors: Tamtelahitu Trientje Marlein , Lewaharilla Nusye Mozes Y , Patty Joanna Cristy
Published: November 2020

Pada saat ini aplikasi ojek online di Indonesia telah berkembang dan mengalami pertumbungan yang pesat. Itu terlihat dari banyaknya aplikasi ojek online yang sudah mulai memberikan layanan dan informasi melalui sebuah aplikasi terutama dengan aplikasi mobile. Melalui perkembangan ini kita dapat mengambil manfaat dari keterlibatan pengguna dalam menggunakan aplikasi ojek online yang baik, tentang kegunaan dan kredibilitas diyakini menjadi salah satu factor yang mempengaruhi keterlibatan perkembangan dan pertumbuhan itu. Salah satu ojek berbasis teknologi aplikasi ponsel yang digunakan oleh masyarakat adalah Go-Jek. Oleh karena itu, Makalah ini menyajikan studi empiris dalam mengevaluasi usability aplikasi mobile Go-jek. Pengujian perangkat lunak perlu dilakukan agar dapat diketahui apakah perangkat lunak yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna akhir. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa dengan mengetahui severity dari aplikasi tersebut, dapat digunakan untuk perbaikan pada aplikasi Go-jek.

Kata Kunci: Ambon, Aplikasi Mobile, Go-jek, Heuristic, Severity
Residência Multiprofissional
Authors: Batista Silva Letícia
Published: November 2020

O artigo trata dos projetos em disputa na área da saúde que tem impactos efetivo nas Residências Multiprofissionais.  Parte do entendimento de que as Residências Multiprofissionais em Saúde são uma modalidade de formação que se realiza através e pelo trabalho em saúde, e ocupa estratégico na qualificação dos trabalhadores para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
Residências multiprofissionais em saúde
Authors: Ferreira Ana Maria , Marcelino Leal Laura , Pires Gualberto Marçola Laura
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo é parte da pesquisa intitulada “Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde e Serviço Social: mapeamento teórico e político-pedagógico”, realizada entre 2017 e 2018, pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas dos Fundamentos do Serviço Social (GEPEFSS), da Faculdade de Serviço Social/UFJF em parceria com a Associação Brasileira de Ensino e Pesquisa em Serviço Social (ABEPSS). Tem por objetivo apresentar análises da revisão de produção bibliográfica do Serviço Social sobre as Residências que englobou 72 produções, a saber: 17 artigos de periódicos da área; 46 artigos dos anais dos Encontros Nacionais de Pesquisadores em Serviço Social (ENPESS) e Congresso Brasileiro de Assistentes Sociais (CBAS); e 9 teses e dissertações de autoria de assistentes sociais acerca das Residências; no que tange ao debate aqui apresentado traremos à baila reflexões, a partir dos elementos da pesquisa, acerca do direcionamento pedagógico das residências, refletindo sobre os princípios e o significado da formação para o SUS.
Migraciones contemporáneas
Authors: OLIVER PERELLÓ MIGUEL ÁNGEL
Published: November 2020

Partiendo del contexto actual, este artículo pretende señalar algunos de los aspectos de las migraciones contemporáneas y en particular, de la migración hacia España, en un marco europeo de crecimiento del rechazo al diferente en el que resurgen con fuerza los discursos antiinmigración en un mundo globalizado. Las políticas de extranjería centradas en el control de los flujos y el cierre de fronteras como los que se vienen produciendo en Europa, tanto para los migrantes como para los refugiados, señalan, hoy más que nunca, la necesidad de desarrollar políticas migratorias que apuesten claramente por la integración de los inmigrantes, basadas en la igualdad de derechos y la convivencia intercultural.
O Serviço Social na História
Authors: Salete Boschetti Ivanete
Published: November 2020

O texto situa alguns elementos essenciais na trajetória do Serviço Social brasileiro desde o chamado “Congresso da Virada”, que aconteceu em 1979. Trata-se de revisitar 40 anos de história da profissão, embebida em suas determinações econômicas, políticas e sociais, partindo do contexto do regime autocrático instaurado em 1964, passando pelo  contexto da democracia burguesa alcançada com a Constituição de 1988 e chegando em 2019 num contexto de avanço fascistizante, que traz à tona o ultraneoliberalismo, o obscurantismo, e o ataque à própria democracia burguesa.
Reflexões sobre a pandemia da COVID-19 e o capitalismo
Authors: Barbosa Pinto Marina , Santiago Cerqueira Augusto
Published: November 2020

A expansão do modo de produção capitalista tem propiciado as condições ideais para propagação de surtos de gripe que podem evoluir para pandemias, como a gripe espanhola, o caso recente da H1N1 e como é o caso atual da COVID-19. A intensificação da crise estrutural do capital tem contribuído para o aumento na taxa de ocorrência de pandemias no mundo, na medida em que se intensifica o avanço sobre o meio ambiente juntamente ao desmonte dos mecanismos de proteção social e do trabalho. As medidas de combate a expansão da pandemia da COVID-19 adotadas pela maior parte dos estados capitalistas, têm aumentado ainda mais o abismo social entre os mais ricos e mais pobres. Neste momento, são necessários: o fortalecimento do sistema de saúde e de assistência social; ações de proteção ao trabalho e da renda da população; o fortalecimento do sistema de educação, ciência e tecnologia públicas; e da luta da classe trabalhadora por uma nova sociedade.
La tercera interrupción en Trabajo Social
Authors: Hermida Maria Eugenia
Published: November 2020

El artículo desarrolla la hipótesis de que el Trabajo Social se vio atravesado en las últimas cinco décadas por tres grandes interrupciones: las teorías críticas del marxismo; el enfoque de derechos, género y ciudadanía; y las teorías críticas de lo colonial y el feminismo del Sur. Analiza esta genealogía, proponiendo una crítica del eurocentrismo, el racismo y el androcentrismo como condición de una intervención social transformadora en tiempos neoliberales.
Uso de probióticos em indivíduos HIV positivos
Authors: Felipe Borges Arissa , Roriz Ferreira de Abreu Vanessa
Published: November 2020

Introdução: O vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) reduz progressivamente a eficácia do sistema imunológico e aumenta a suscetibilidade para infecções oportunistas. Além disso, aumenta a permeabilidade intestinal e translocação microbiana que contribuem para a ativação imune sistêmica, caracterizando a evolução para a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (AIDS). A modulação imunológica da barreira gastrointestinal no HIV com o uso de probióticos apresenta efeitos benéficos no equilíbrio microbiano do hospedeiro. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo levantar dados da literatura de estudos clínicos, referente ao uso de probióticos em pacientes infectados pelo HIV em uso ou não de terapia antirretroviral. Material e Métodos: Foi realizada revisão da literatura científica, por meio da PUBMED utilizando os seguintes descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS), de forma isolada ou em combinação: “human immunodeficiency vírus”, “HIV”, “probiotics”. Foram selecionados estudos de ensaios clínicos randomizados controlados que envolveram a abordagem do uso de probióticos em pacientes infectados com HIV. Foram selecionados 11 artigos que apresentavam conteúdos que contribuíam para o cumprimento dos objetivos deste trabalho, no idioma inglês, publicados no período de 2014 a 2018. Resultados: Além das diversas características dos pacientes selecionados nos estudos, diferentes probióticos foram testados. As interações com os receptores imunes e com a microbiota intestinal ainda não foram totalmente definidos, podendo apresentar diferentes efeitos na regulação intestinal e imunidade sistêmica. Conclusões: Entender a interação entre o microbioma intestinal e seus produtos no ajuste da imunidade no indivíduo HIV+ permitirá definir novas intervenções que possam diminuir a inflamação e comorbidades associadas a doença.
Manejo fetal em gestações complicadas por diabetes: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: De Oliveira Resende Ana Luiza , De Carvalho Paiva João Carlos , Perígolo Jorge Letícia , Alvarenga Soares Bruno
Published: November 2020

Introdução: O diabetes gestacional é uma das comorbidades mais comuns encontradas durante a gravidez, estando associada a diversas complicações maternas e fetais. O prognóstico de cada caso depende, principalmente, do diagnóstico precoce da doença, do controle da glicemia materna e da propedêutica solicitada. Objetivos: Descrever os exames complementares realizados durante o pré-natal, que são relevantes para melhor prognóstico materno-fetal e propor uma comparação entre eles com o propósito de chegar a uma abordagem clínica ideal para grávidas portadoras de Diabetes. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão da literatura nas bases de dados LILACS, PUBMED, MEDLINE, SciELO e UPTODATE com artigos publicados entre os anos de 2000 e 2018 com os termos “diabetes”, “gestacional”, “feto”, “avaliação”, “propedêutica”, “protocolo”, “manejo” e suas correspondentes em inglês “diabetes”, “gestational”, “evaluation”, “fetus”, “propaedeutic”, “protocol”, “management”. Conclusão: Há carência de estudos com qualidade metodológica maior, porém há um padrão no uso dos exames de propedêutica fetal no diabetes e presença de outros fatores de risco para resultados adversos durante a gravidez. Ainda, os exames mais adotados na propedêutica fetal de gestantes com diabetes gestacional são: ultrassom; dopplervelocimetria; ecocardiograma; cardiotocografia e o perfil biofísico fetal.
Situação vacinal contra hepatite B entre docentes da faculdade de medicina de uma universidade pública federal
Authors: Toledo Sirimarco Mauro , Melo Werneck de Toledo Laura , Salvador Côrtes Bernardo
Published: November 2020

Introdução: Os profissionais da área de saúde estão submetidos a uma série de riscos ocupacionais em seu ambiente de trabalho, incluindo os acidentes com material biológico, os quais estão associados com a transmissão de diversas doenças infecciosas, como a hepatite B. O conhecimento sobre a importância da vacinação e a adoção de medidas universais de biossegurança são ferramentas fundamentais para a prevenção da doença. Objetivo: Identificar a situação vacinal contra hepatite B e a exposição a material potencialmente infectado em docentes da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF). Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal exploratório descritivo (n=132 docentes). Foram aplicados questionários padronizados, acompanhados do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido em duas vias. Resultados: Cento e vinte docentes (90,9%) receberam a vacinação contra hepatite B, dos quais sete (5,8%) tomaram apenas uma dose, dezenove (15,8%) tomaram duas doses e noventa e quatro (78,3%) receberam as três doses necessárias. Daqueles que tomaram as três doses, sessenta e três entrevistados (67%) realizaram o teste anti-HBs para se certificarem da resposta vacinal. Oitenta e nove (67,4%) declararam já terem sido expostos a material potencialmente infectado alguma vez na vida. Destes, setenta e quatro profissionais (83,1%) referiram terem tomado as devidas providências para evitar a infecção por possíveis patógenos. Setenta e dois (54,5%) afirmaram estarem expostos a material contaminado ou com risco de infecção pela hepatite B de maneira frequente, sendo vinte e um (29,2%) diariamente, trinta e cinco (48,6%) semanalmente e dezesseis (22,2%) alegaram ter contato com esse tipo de material mensalmente. Conclusão: Com o presente estudo, foi possível enfatizar a importância do conhecimento do risco de infecção no esclarecimento dos benefícios da vacinação contra hepatite B.
Estado nutricional, fatores de risco e comorbidades em adultos portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Dias da Silva Alice , Matos Júnior Newton , Damasceno Dênis Derly , Guimarães Nathalia Sernizon , Gomes Júnia Maria Geraldo
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A caracterização do perfil nutricional das pessoas com diabetes tipo 2 pode favorecer a adoção de medidas que reduzam as comorbidades e complicações da doença. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional, fatores de riscos e comorbidades em indivíduos adultos com diabetes tipo 2. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 30 indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2 e idade entre 18 e 59 anos, no município de Barbacena – MG. Foram avaliadas variáveis socioeconômicas e de estilo de vida (fumo, atividade física, medicamentos, etilismo, dentre outras), do consumo alimentar (calorias totais, macronutrientes, uso de adoçantes, preparo das refeições, etc.), antropométricas e de composição corporal (perímetro da cintura, perímetro do braço, perímetro do quadril, perímetro da panturrilha, peso, altura e percentual de gordura). Resultados: A maioria da amostra foi constituída por mulheres (66,7%), as quais apresentaram maiores valores de índice de massa corporal, relação cintura-quadril, relação cintura-estatura e percentual de gordura corporal em relação aos homens. Observou-se elevada prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade entre os participantes de ambos os sexos. Metade da amostra encontrava-se com glicemia de jejum <130 mg/dL, sendo que estes indivíduos apresentaram menores valores de índice de massa corporal (P=0.04), perímetro da cintura (P=0.05), perímetro do quadril (P=0.02), relação cintura-estatura (P=0.03) e percentual de gordura corporal (P=0.05). Os indivíduos com glicemia <130 mg/dL apresentaram menor consumo de carboidratos e lipídios em relação ao que estavam com glicemia >130 mg/dL. Conclusão: A obesidade foi uma comorbidade de elevada frequência na amostra avaliada, o que é preocupante devido à sua associação com descontrole glicêmico e risco de complicações. O consumo alimentar relacionou-se ao controle glicêmico e estado nutricional, demonstrando a necessidade de uma dieta equilibrada e diminuição gradual de peso para os indivíduos com diabetes, visando um melhor controle do diabetes e qualidade de vida.
Atuação do enfermeiro no cuidado humanizado em unidades de terapia intensiva no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Regis Sena Gomes Ana Paula , Costa Souza Vanessa , Araujo Mariana de Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Introdução: A humanização é compreendida como o protagonismo e autonomia dos sujeitos envolvidos na produção de saúde – usuários, trabalhadores e gestores, com sua valorização e estabelecimento de vínculos solidários por meio de participação coletiva. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a atuação do enfermeiro na humanização em unidades de terapia intensiva e identificar os desafios e dificuldades encontradas para a sua implementação. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com levantamento online ocorrido no mês de outubro de 2018 no portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, nas Bases de Dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem, usando os descritores: Humanização AND Enfermagem AND Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Foram selecionados 12 artigos, sendo realizada análise descritiva com criação das categorias: Atuação do enfermeiro na humanização em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva e Desafios e dificuldades encontrados por enfermeiros ao implementar a humanização em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Resultados: Os artigos analisados apontam que os enfermeiros exercem um papel primordial no cuidado humanizado, os quais devem assistir ao paciente de modo holístico, integral e com empatia, considerando seus familiares no processo de cuidar, tendo a comunicação como um dos instrumentos. Na vertente dos desafios e dificuldades cita-se a quantidade de aparato tecnológico, a despersonalização do enfermeiro, sua sobrecarga de trabalho, baixa remuneração e falta de autonomia. Conclusão: Diante disso, percebe-se que a utilização de estratégias por parte dos enfermeiros para efetivação da humanização, apesar de todos os entraves existentes, é fundamental para que o paciente tenha um cuidado integral, considerando inclusive o papel do familiar em seu processo de recuperação.
Tumor de Frantz, um desafio diagnóstico: relato de caso
Authors: De Moraes Coimbra Bianca , Leite da Silva Júnior Cilmário , Neves Marcos Vinícius , Sabbagh de Hollanda Erick
Published: November 2020

Introdução: O tumor sólido pseudopapilar do pâncreas (tumor de Frantz) é uma neoplasia sólido-cística de células exócrinas que corresponde a cerca 0,2-2,7% de todos os tumores pancreáticos. Trata-se de doença rara, com baixo potencial de malignidade, que acomete preferencialmente em mulheres jovens, com média de idade de 25 anos. A ressecção cirúrgica completa da lesão é o tratamento de escolha, e o prognóstico é excelente. Objetivo: Relatar um caso desafiador de tumor de Frantz com apresentação clínico-radiológica atípica, em que os exames de imagem tiveram importância fundamental para elucidação diagnóstica e no manejo terapêutico. Relato de Caso: Paciente do gênero feminino, 31 anos, apresentando anemia crônica, hematêmese, melena e hematoquezia. A endoscopia digestiva alta evidenciou úlcera em atividade no bulbo duodenal. A tomografia revelou massa expansiva localizada entre a cabeça pancreática e o duodeno, com sinais de ulceração. As principais hipóteses diagnósticas eram tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST) ou tumor de Frantz. A ressonância magnética caracterizou íntima relação da lesão com o tecido pancreático, deixando o diagnóstico de tumor de Frantz como a hipótese mais provável. A paciente foi submetida a duodenopancreatectomia total para ressecção e tratamento definitivo da lesão. A imunohistoquímica revelou células com citoplasma eosinofílico indistinto e núcleos hipercromáticos, por vezes com arranjos pseudopapilíferos, bem como expressão para betacatenina em padrão nuclear e positividade para CD10 e CD99, confirmando se tratar de um tumor sólido pseudopapilar do pâncreas. Conclusão: Observa-se a importância dos exames de imagem para caracterização e diagnóstico assertivo desse tipo de tumor, possibilitando a ressecção completa da lesão e perspectiva de cura da doença.