bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collaboration in Healthcare Through Boundary Work and Boundary Objects
Authors: Meier Ninna
Published: December 2021

This article contributes to our understanding of how boundary work is practiced in healthcare settings. Previous studies have shown how boundaries are constantly changing, multiple, and co-existing, and can also be relatively stable cognitive and social distinctions between individuals and groups. In highly specialized, knowledge-intensive organizations such as healthcare organizations, organizational, professional, and disciplinary boundaries mark the formal structure and division of work. Collaboration and coordination across these boundaries are essential to minimizing gaps in patient care, but also may be challenging to achieve in practice. By drawing on data from an ethnographic study of two hospital wards, this article investigates practices of cross-disciplinary and professional collaboration and adds to our knowledge of how this kind of boundary work is produced in context. Moreover, it adds to existing boundary literature by exploring the fast-paced, situational, micro-interactions in which boundaries are drawn, maintained, and dissolved. These mundane, brief exchanges are essential to the practice of collaboration through boundary work. I consider the implications of these findings for boundary theory and boundaries in healthcare and other related settings.
Maintaining Boundaries: Masculinizing Fatherhood in the Feminine Province of Parenting
Authors: Hauser Orlee
Published: December 2021

Today’s fathers are more involved with childcare than the generations that preceded them. There is evidence to suggest that men consider fatherhood and their relationships with their children as more important than ever before. Still, society generally deems the activity of “parenting” as feminine. Thus, men who choose to identify with hegemonic notions of masculinity have few pre-existing father identities to choose from. I argue that fathers actively masculinize their parenting in order to protect their masculine identities. I use qualitative methods to examine the different approaches that they take to conciliate their actions as fathers with their identities as men. They do so by stressing different areas of importance when it comes to parenting, by adding masculine elements to their fathering activities, and by staying away from parenting activities that are generally marked by society as feminine.
Finding My Place: Birth Mothers Manage the Boundary Ambiguity of Adoption Reunion Contact
Authors: March Karen
Published: December 2021

This study describes how essentialist notions of motherhood infl uence adoption reunion outcomes. The data analysis is based primarily on in-depth interviews with 33 reunited birth mothers. Collectively, the birth mothers perceived themselves to be the mothers of a child lost to them through adoption. Reunion contact jeopardized this perception when the mothers met adopted adults who did not accept their mothering overtures. Continued contact meant suppressing their motherhood desires and taking on a reunion role more consistent with their adoption triad position.
Mobility Boundaries Between Home, Community, and Beyond: Experiences of Exceptionally Old Adults Living in Eastern Canada
Authors: Gouliquer Lynne , Poulin Carmen , Lesmana Maryani
Published: December 2021

Mobility for older people is linked to various meaningful and celebrated ways of ageing, such as maintaining independence, community participation, and quality of life (Metz 2000). In this paper, we examine the lives of people aged 90 and over as they encounter mobility challenges in the face of a particularly neoliberal socio-economic political context. Fifteen Canadians, living independently, were interviewed using the Psycho-Social Ethnography of the Commonplace (P-SEC) methodology. They shared their experiences with managing physical and community-related mobility issues. The analysis reveals how the current public transportation system complicates the lives of the exceptionally old, and sheds light on the ways in which this population makes sense of and deals with these complications. With the goals of reducing social boundaries and enhancing community mobility of older adults, based on the findings, we offer social policy recommendations.
Lise Öğrencisi Ergenlerde Travma Sonrası Stres Belirtileri ve İlişkili Faktörler
Authors: BAŞTUĞ Ömer Faruk , ARSLANTAŞ Hülya
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırma Türkiye’nin Doğusunda yer alan Güneydoğu Anadolu’daki bir ilçede lise öğrencisi ergenlerde travma sonrası stres belirtileri ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Kesitsel olarak yapılan araştırmanın evrenini 10 lisede eğitim gören 9522, örneklemini ise 459 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama amaçlı olarak çalışmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Travma Sonrası Stres Tanı Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ve Stresle Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerinin %51.7’sinin (n=202) 15 yaş ve altı ve %64.2’sinin (n=251) kadın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin %87.2’sinde (n=341) Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu (TSSB) belirtileri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin depresyon belirtileri ile TSSB belirtileri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin stresle başa çıkma tarzları ile TSSB belirtileri arasında sadece çaresiz yaklaşım tarzı ile ilgili anlamlı fark vardır. Yaklaşık on öğrenciden dokuzunun TSSB belirtisi yaşadığı, TSSB belirtileri arttıkça depresif belirtilerinde arttığı ve öğrencilerin stresle baş etmek için çaresiz yaklaşımı kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar bölgede sunulacak olan koruyucu ruh sağlığı hizmetlerine yönelik yapılabilecek müdahaleleri planlayabilmek için önemlidir.
Fitosociologia de malezas asociadas a cultivos de zanahoria en dos municipios de boyacá
Authors: Cordoba Patiño Luis David , Pinzón-Sandoval Elberth Hernando
Published: December 2021

Con la finalidad de conocer la fitosociología de las malezas asociadas a un cultivo de zanahoria (Daucus carota L.) bajo condiciones de los municipios de Ventaquemada y Jenesano-Boyacá, se seleccionó un lote por municipio destinado al cultivo de zanahoria y se realizó un trazado en forma de W cubriendo un área de 500 m2. Se calculó densidad relativa, frecuencia relativa, dominancia relativa y el índice de valor de importancia (IVI), así como los índices de diversidad Alpha y Beta para las zonas muestreadas. Se contabilizó un total de 6 familias y 11 especies, de estas el 63,64% estuvo representado por plantas anuales y 36,36% por plantas perennes. La clase Liliopsida (Monocotiledónea) fue representada por la familia Poaceae. Mientras que la clase Magnoliopsida (Dicotiledónea), fue representada por las familias: Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Boraginaceae, Leguminosaceae, Polygonaceae siendo la ultima la que aporto el mayor número de especies. La especie R. crispus y P. nepalense fueron las que presentaron los mayores valores de índice de valor de Importancia (IVI) con 0,953 y 0,959, respectivamente. De acuerdo, con índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener y dominancia de Simpson las zonas evaluadas presentaron una baja diversidad de especies y una alta probabilidad especies dominantes. Los resultados encontrados pueden servir de base y herramienta a los productores de zanahoria de las zonas evaluadas, para definir los planes de manejo de las malezas asociadas y así optimizar los rendimientos en este cultivo.
Questioning Nature in Late Middle Ages. A History of Method, Praxis and Innovation
Authors:   Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, Patriarca Giovanni
Published: December 2021

This essay traces the interconnections between method, praxis and innovation with their epistemological consequences at the end of the Middle Ages. In the wake of scholastic natural philosophy, this vibrant process marks a milestone in the history of science. During the Thirteenth and Fourteenth centuries a profound transformation takes place in the way of observing nature through a meticulous data collection, experiments and subsequent analysis. In this cultural framework, the Franciscans analyze the realities of the world with an extremely original pragmatic dynamism. This approach gives priority to a practical sense of thinking through a transformative action which opens the doors to a pioneering scientific method and contributes to a long series of innovations. A positive result is an advanced didactics—especially developed by Buridan, Oresme and their followers —that will have a great impact on a continental level, changing the common ground of European science.
El rigor y la gloria: el Juicio Final y su repercusión en la modernidad
Authors:   Universidad Iberoamericana, Ciudad de México, Mexico, Galindo Ayala Cossette
Published: December 2021

This work presents a historical journey on the doctrine of the Last Judgment, starting from its antecedents in ancient Judaism, its rise in the millennial ideology of the Middle Ages, until reaching certain perspectives of its repercussion in Modernity. The Final Judgment forms a doctrine that combines the image of God as a rigorous judge who executes the Law, applying the punishments or prizes related to the works carried out in life, with the vision of a glorious king who will manifest his messianic kingdom in which the human beings will be saved by grace of divine intervention.
A Female Voice for Action in the Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea
Authors:   Texas Tech University, United States of America, Scarborough Connie L.
Published: December 2021

Although most critical attention on laments for the dead in the Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea has focused on Pleberio’s long lament for Melibea in Auto XXI, Elicia’s lament for the loss of her lover, Sempronio, his companion, Pármeno, and her protector, Celestina, is highly significant for plot development. Her lament is a decisive event that sets in motion a plan for revenge that will ultimately lead to the deaths of Calisto and Melibea. This article demonstrates how Elicia’s personal experience of loss brings about significant changes in her characterization. With the help of Areúsa, Elicia hatches a plan for vengeance on the aristocratic lovers that she despises. Building on Louise Haywood’s studies of female laments for the dead, it examines Elicia’s curse on Calisto and Melibea and shows how her words have real and tragic consequences. In Rojas’s world, a prostitute’s expression of grief is a force strong enough to topple the elites of society and fundamentally contribute to the tragedia embedded in his work’s hybrid title.
Alfonso X: lenguas, escuelas poéticas, redes políticas y patronazgo regio
Authors:   Universitat de Barcelona-Institut d’Estudis Catalans-Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Spain, Beltran Vicenç
Published: December 2021

Reviewing historical data available on some of the troubadours and poets belonging to Alfonso X᾿ cultural milieu opens a window into the internal and external political designs employed by the king. These documented particulars include the presence of several poetic languages (Galician Portuguese, Occitan, Hebrew), the poets’ provenance, the occasion informing the selection, as well as the manner of recruitment employed in each case.
A FEW REPRESENTATIVES OF ASTEROIDAE (ASTERACEAE) SUBFAMILY AND GERANIUM (GERANIACEAE) GENUS IN THE BAIKAL REGION (REVIEW
Authors: Privalova E. G.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article was to analyze the state of knowledge of the following plants: Heteropappus altaicus (Willd.) Novopokr., Solidago dahurica L., Leucanthemum vulgare Lam., Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.), Antennaria dioica (L.) Gaertn., Leontopodium conglobatum (Turcz.) Hand.-Mazz. and Geranium eriostemon Fischer., G. pratense L., G. wlassowianum Fisch. ex Link. (Geraniaceae).

Materials and methods. To compile the review, the information from the following scientific open and available literature sources placed in scientific libraries of institutions, in electronic databases and search systems, was used: floristic summaries “Flora of Siberia”; “Flora of Central Siberia”; Electronic library of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Elibrary; PubMed; Scopus; CyberLeninka, Google Academy; The Plant List, Global Compositae Checklist. The search carried out, was based on the publications for the period of 2009-2020, on the information requests for names of families and subfamilies, names of plant species, biologically active compounds in English, Latin and Russian.

Results. A comparative analysis of morphological characters, common species names and the synonyms for the listed species, has been carried out. The studied objects are characterized by the presence of polyphenolic compounds and substances of a triterpene structure, in particular, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, tannides. In addition, the representatives of the Asteroideae subfamily (Asteraceae) show the accumulation of essential oils, and the representatives of the Geranium genus (geranium) show the accumulation of anthocyanins. The spectrum of the pharmacological activity includes anti-inflammatory, choleretic, antimicrobial, antispasmodic and other types of effects.

Conclusion. The presented review makes it possible to arrive at the conclusion about a certain knowledge level of the regional representatives of the Asteroideae subfamily and the Geranium genus. This determines the prospects of these plant objects for further pharmacognostic and pharmacological research and the creation of drugs on their basis – the sources of polyphenolic compounds.
DEVELOPMENT OF PERORAL HYPOLIPIDEMIC FORMULATION BASED ON SULFATED ARABINOGALACTAN IN THE FORM OF POTASSIUM SALT
Authors: Kostyro Ya. A. , Alekseev K. V.
Published: December 2021

An original heparinoid, sulfated arabinogalactan in the form of potassium salt, possessing anticoagulant and hypolipidemic activities, has been developed at  the A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The aim was to develop solid peroral dose forms (capsules and film-coated tablets) for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic lesion of blood vessels on the basis of potassium salt of sulfated arabinogalactan which would be suitable for further clinical trials of these forms.

Materials and methods. The following materials were used in the work: sulfated arabinogalactan in the form of potassium salt, obtained at the A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ludipress®; AEROSIL® 200 Pharma; calcium stearate; Aquacoat ECD. The powder mixtures were briquetted followed by tableting and application of the finished film coating Aquacoat ECD, and encapsulation in hard gelatin capsules.

Results. Composition and technological characteristics of capsules and film-coated tablets were determined using physico-chemical and technological properties of sulfated arabinogalactan in the form of potassium salt. Technological parameters and quality indicators were determined for the solid pharmaceutical dose forms in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation of the XIVth edition.

Conclusion. The optimum compositions and technology for the preparation of capsules and film-coated tablets based on potassium salt of sulfated arabinogalactan for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic lesion of blood vessels, were developed. The data obtained were used for the regulatory documentation design.
STUDY OF CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC EFFECTS OF ANTI-VIRAL DRUG BASED ON FAVIPIRAVIR IN COMORBID PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 AT THE OUTPATIENT STAGE OF TREATMENT
Authors: Balykova L. A. , Radaeva O. A. , Zaslavskaya K. Ya. , Kostina Yu. A. , Iskandyarova M. S. , Negodnova E. V. , Eremeev V. V. , Sabirov L. F. , Semeleva E. V.
Published: December 2021

In many ways, arterial hypertension and obesity determine the likelihood of a severe course and lethal outcomes in COVID-19. This fact justifies the expediency of an early use of drugs with a direct antiviral action, the analysis of their efficacy not only in the acute, but also in the postcovid period.

The aimof the research was to analyze the outpatient cards and case histories of the COVID-19 patients to study the effect of the early (up to the 5thday after the onset of the first symptoms of the disease) use of the drug based on favipiravir, on the frequency of patients’ hospitalizations with arterial hypertension and obesity, as well as to determine the cytokine status characteristics of this patient category in the postcovid period.

Materials and methods.“An open prospective comparative study of the “Areplivir®” (favipiravir) efficacy in the debut of COVID-19 in comorbid patients” was carried out in the Republic of Mordovia (the analysis of the hospitalizations frequency and blood levels of M-CSF, EPO in 218 patients, in terms of the use of the antiviral preparation).

Results.According to the results of the analysis, it was found out that, despite the presence of comorbid conditions that increase the risk of developing a severe course of COVID-19, i.e. obesity and essential arterial hypertension, in the group of patients taking favipiravir, the need for hospitalization was twice as low (p < 0.05), in relation to the comparison group. The analysis of the cytokine status revealed that in the postcovid period, in the group that took the drug based on favipiravir at the outpatient stage, the average level of M-CSF was significantly lower (p> 0.05), and EPO was higher (p> 0.05) than in the patients from the group “without antiviral drugs at the outpatient stage”. Indirectly, according to the previously obtained data, that acts as a potential marker for reducing the risk of long-term cardiovascular complications of COVID-19.

Conclusion.This study showed that an early prescription of favipiravir contributes to a decrease in the rate of COVID-19 patients’ hospitalization even against the background of concomitant hypertension and obesity, due to a decrease in the likelihood of moderate and severe courses of the disease, and also leads to an earlier objective and subjective recovery. The results demonstrated a high potential benefit of an early favipiravir use in the novel coronavirus infection and in the prevention of postcovid complications.
CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION OF SOFTWARE SCREENING PERFORMANCE OF COLORECTAL CANCER AT THE REGION LEVEL
Authors: Petukhova Yu. Yu. , Eliseeva E. V. , Petukhova A. G.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study is to assess the clinical and economic effectiveness of the practical implementation results of programmed screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Primorsky Territory using clinical and economic research methods.

Materials and methods. In the study, the following kinds of data were used: the statistical data from the regional clinic’s cancer registry on the structure of the morbidity and average life expectancy of CRC patients in the Primorsky Territory; the data on the cost of screening studies and the stages of anticancer therapy in accordance with the “Territorial Tariff Agreement on Payment for Medical Care (Medical Services) in the System of Compulsory Health Insurance in the Territory of Primorsky Krai”, 2021. Two methods of clinical and economic analysis with the corresponding calculation formulas have been applied. The cost of medical interventions were estimated in accordance with the screening standards and clinical guidelines for the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the colon and rectum, approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2020.

Results. The evidence-based substantiation of screening clinical effects has been obtained: the structure redistribution of colorectal cancer incidence towards the prevalence of early forms by 16.81%; the average increase in the life expectancy of patients with the studied disease is 12.8 months. A natural consequence of these events is the predicted decrease in the mortality rate from CRC in the territory of the subject in the subsequent years. The economic justification of CRC screening software which guarantees a significant saving in health care resources amounting to 23% compared to an alternative strategy, has been demonstrated. It can influence the management decisions on the further strategy of the mass introduction of this medical technology.

Conclusion. Currently, CRC screening is the most effective way to reduce morbidity and mortality from this disease. The predominance of the early diagnosis of the disease is extrapolated to significant savings in public health care. A promising direction for further research in the field of CRC screening is the study of its long-term effects, in particular, a detailed clinical and economic analysis of the diagnostics effectiveness and the elimination of premalignant neoplasms.
EFFECT OF GLYPROLINES ON THE LEVEL OF APOPTOTIC AND NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS UNDER CONDITIONS OF “SOCIAL” STRESS
Authors: Yasenyavskaya A. L. , Tsibizova A. A. , Andreeva L. A/ , Myasoedov N. F. , Bashkina O. A. , Samotrueva M. A.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article was to study the effect of glyproline neuropeptide compounds Thr–Lys–Pro–Arg–Pro–Gly–Pro (Selank), Pro–Gly–Pro and Pro–Gly–Pro–Leu, on the level of apoptotic factors (caspase-3, caspase-8, the tumor necrosis factor) and neurotrophic factors (the nerve growth factor and the brain neurotrophic factor) in the blood serum of white rats under the experimental modeling of “social” stress.

Materials and methods. The experimental studies were carried out on 90 nonlinear white male rats aged 6 months. By the type of behavior, in the process of “social” stress modeling, all the rats were divided into “aggressors” and “victims”. In the study, the following experimental groups (n=10) were formed: control individuals; groups of the rats exposed to stress for 20 days; groups of the animals treated intraperitoneally at the dose of 100 μg/kg/day, starting from the 1st day of the stress factor exposure, with a course of 20 days of glyproline compounds Thr–Lys–Pro–Arg–Pro–Gly–Pro (Selank), Pro–Gly–Pro and Pro–Gly–Pro–Leu. The effect of the compounds on the level of apoptotic and neurotrophic factors was assessed by determining the level of caspase-3, caspase-8, the tumor necrosis factor, the nerve growth factor and the brain neurotrophic factor of white rat blood serum by enzyme immunoassay.

Results. According to the results of the study, it was found out that under the conditions of “social” stress, there was an increase in the apoptotic processes accompanied by an increase in the level of caspase-3, caspase-8, TNF-α in the blood serum of white rats, as well as a decrease in the concentration of neurotrophic factors – BDNF and NGF. The administration of giproline compounds against the background of stress, contributed to the restoration of the studied indicators level, which is most likely due to the presence of antiapoptotic and neuroprotective effects in giprolines due to the inhibition of the caspase-dependent cascade of apoptosis reactions, as well as the induction of the synthesis of neurotrophic factors with the antiapoptotic activity.

Conclusion. Thus, the administration of glyproline neuropeptide compounds Thr–Lys–Pro–Arg–Pro–Gly–Pro (Selank), Pro–Gly–Pro and Pro–Gly–Pro–Leu under stress conditions, contributes to the restoration of the initiating and effector caspases level, as well as of neurotrophic factors. As a result of the experiment, an anti-apoptotic effect is observed due to the inhibition of the caspase-dependent cascade of reactions, as well as a stress-protective effect is observed due to the restoration of the brain neurotrophic factors level.
ANALYSIS OF THE PERSONNEL’S CONSISTENT READINESS FOR CHANGES AS ILLUSTRATED BY THE EXAMPLE OF AN EXPORT-ORIENTED BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Kazakova E. V. , Trukhin V. P. , Narkevich I. A. , Basakina I. I.
Published: December 2021

The biotechnology industry is currently one of the most dynamically developing sectors of the pharmaceutical industry, that is why it requires improvement in the personnel management system aimed at increasing the flexibility and adaptability of the organization.

The aim of the research is to determine the degree of readiness of the organization’s employees for innovations as illustrated by the example of an export-oriented enterprise.

Materials and methods. The source information was collected from the employees of the biotechnological enterprise through a questionnaire survey. The representative sample included 588 respondents. The statistical processing of data was carried out using the specialized software IBM SPSS STATISTICS (IBM, USA, 2017). The consistent readiness of the organization’s employees for innovations was determined using I.O. Zagashev’s methods. To assess the reliability of the psychological test, an internal consistency model with Cronbach’s alpha was applied. Statistical hypotheses were tested by comparing the central tendencies of two independent samples using Student’s t-test and the Mann–Whitney nonparametric test.

Results. The distribution results of key motivating factors for personnel showed that motivating factors such as an adequate salary and sustainable employment took the leading positions. However, the assessment of the employees’ consistent readiness for innovations according to I.O. Zagashev’s methods shows a high degree of the personnel’s readiness for changes due to positive emotional perception of any innovations.

Conclusion. The results obtained make it possible to arrive at the conclusion that the established team favorably responds to all innovations, and is ready to support them in the future being aware of the organization’s desire for innovations. In the future, the results will be used to determine the required management functions and goals and to develop the personnel management strategy in the context of the knowledge transfer, technology and export policy of the pharmaceutical enterprise.
USE OF SEQUENCING METHODS FOR SPECIES IDENTIFICATION EXEMPLIFIED BY PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS WITHIN GENUS HEDYSARUM L.
Authors: Imachueva D. R. , Serebryanaya F. K. , Machs E. M. , Kotseruba V. V.
Published: December 2021

At the moment, a relevant objective in pharmacognosy, is the use of all kinds of the DNA analysis methods for identifying plant materials, detecting counterfeits, genetically modified crops and products.

The aim of the research is to study the possibility of using molecular genetic research methods in the analysis of the genus Hedysarum L., for the identification of medicinal plant materials. This article presents the results of the application of molecular genetic research methods in the analysis of the genus Hedysarum L. in the flora of the North Caucasus.

Materials and methods. The study material was the samples of the genus Hedysarum L. species collected in the North Caucasus: Hedysarum caucasicum M. Bieb. (in the fruiting phase in the territory of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic); Hedysarum grandiflorum Pall. (in the fruiting phase in the Volgograd region); Hedysarum daghestanicum Rupr. ex Boiss. (in the flowering phase in the Republic of Dagestan).  Sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 marker region of gene 5.8S by the RNA ribosome was carried out according to the Sanger method on the AbiPrism 3130 genetic analyzer at the laboratory of biosystematics and cytology of Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Results. Based on a comparative study of the marker region of the nuclear ribosomal gene 5.8S rRNA, marker nucleotide substitutions of Hedysarum caucasicum M. Bieb., Hedysarum daghestanicum Rupr. ex Boiss., Hedysarum grandiflorum Pall, have been identified. The most probable secondary structure of 5.8S rRNA has been constructed. It has been shown that based on the analysis performed, it is possible to predict additional raw material sources of mangiferin and other groups of xanthones using the molecular data exemplified by the Obscura section.

Conclusion. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the morphological classification of the genus Hedysarum L. can be confirmed within the Obscura section.
Laparoscopic splenectomy in a comorbid patient in the early recovery period of cerebral infarction on the background of pneumonia COVID-19 etiology
Authors: Vakhromeeva P. Yu. , Aranovich E. V. , Nagaev R. M.
Published: December 2021

The article presents a clinical case of urgent surgical treatment, laparoscopic removal of the spleen in a comorbid patient in serious condition. Surgical treatment was carried out according to vital indications, a smooth postoperative period. With dynamic observation, a possible consequence of surgery is the occlusion of large vessels of the brachiocephalic tree. A multidisciplinary approach, which also extends to the conditions for providing medical care to a patient in the "red zone", clinical attentiveness and integration of services made it possible to save the life and achieve good rehabilitation for the patient despite the comorbid aggravation of her condition.
Assessment of the bioelectric activity of the masticatory muscles in orthopedic treatment with partial removable plate prostheses
Authors: Ivaschenko A. V. , Yablokov A. E. , Shcherbakov M. V. , Bazhutova I. V. , Vinnik S. V.
Published: December 2021

Relevance. According to a number of authors, it is known that full adaptation to complete removable dentures occurs within 3 months [3–5, 9]. The main criterion for patients getting used to removable dentures is the synchronization of the work of the masticatory muscles and, as a consequence, the normalization of the chewing function. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bioelectrical activity of the masticatory muscles in patients using the CSPP.

Materials and methods. In patients of the control (n = 23) and main (n = 63) groups, electromyographic examination was performed using the electroneuromyographic system "Synapsis" (Neurotechnology, Russia). Registration of the bioelectric activity of the chewing muscles was carried out directly on the day of applying the prostheses, after 1 and 3 months, respectively.

Results and discussion. The electromyographic indices of the masticatory muscles in the patients of the control group decreased within one month after the treatment and amounted to 231 ± 18.2 μV for the right and 229 ± 16.1 μV for the left proper chewing muscles. The values were also reduced for the right and left temporal muscles – 228 ± 15.2 μV and 225 ± 24.1 μV (p < 0.05). It should be noted that the electromyographic parameters in patients of the main group were comparable to the lower limit of the norm and amounted to 269 ± 16.5 μV and 256 ± 20.4 μV, respectively, after one month of treatment.

Conclusions. In the treatment of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint with the use of thermoplastic prostheses, an increase in the biopotentials of the masticatory muscles is observed. In the orthopedic treatment of patients with terminal dentition defects using thermoplastic prostheses, the electromyographic parameters of the masticatory muscles are most close to normal after 3 months of using these prostheses.
Teacher’s Use of Instructional Materials in Teaching and Learning Mathematics in Rwandan Primary Schools
Authors: Umuhoza Clementine , Uworwabayeho Alphonse
Published: December 2021

Teaching and learning mathematics is easier, more interesting, more enjoyable, and more closely connected to real life applications with the use of instructional materials like textbooks, manipulatives, technology tools, and (physical or digital) models. This study investigated the impact of instructional aids on classroom interaction through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations of 15 mathematics teachers from five primary schools in Rulindo district, in Rwanda’s Northern Province. Interviews were analyzed thematically, and classroom observations were analyzed descriptively. The analysis indicates a lack of instructional materials for teaching mathematics overall. Most teachers use course books, but report that there are not enough books available. Use of ICT is limited due to the lack of power supply in some schools. Teachers in this study either did not use available instructional materials at all, or, if they were used, they were not used appropriately.  Teachers also did not allow students to actively use the materials; thus, students were not given the opportunity to enhance their active learning and participate in constructing their knowledge of the mathematics content.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceptions of the Relevance of Teacher Professional Ethics in Contemporary Lesotho
Authors: Tlali Tebello Violet
Published: December 2021

Previous research suggests that new teachers have more negative ethical perceptions than their senior counterparts. However, there is limited research on teachers’ perceptions regarding the relevance of professional ethics in the contemporary world. Hence this study sought to explore the extent to which pre-service teachers in Lesotho consider professional ethics to be relevant. A qualitative approach was adopted and Kohlberg’s (1987) moral development theory was used as the theoretical framework for the study. Data were generated with the use of both semi-structured and focus-group interviews. Forty-six (n 46) final-year Bachelor of Education (BEd) students were purposively selected to take part in this study. Sixteen (16) were interviewed individually, while 30 were interviewed in three focus-groups of ten participants each. The findings are that the participating pre-service teachers had mixed feelings about the relevance of professional ethics of teachers. Some emphasised the importance of a teachers’ code of ethics while others indicated that some of the regulations were outdated. The position taken in this paper is that teacher professional ethics are timeless. These are meant to protect the interests of different stakeholders in education as well as the image of the teaching profession.
Integrating Indigenous Knowledge and Culturally based Activities in South African Mathematics Classrooms
Authors: Naidoo Jayaluxmi
Published: December 2021

Culturally based activities embedded within indigenous knowledge, in general, may be used to support the teaching of mathematics in multicultural classes. The article reflects on research that has been conducted with twenty-five post-graduate students studying Mathematics Education at one university in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. These post-graduate students were also practicing mathematics teachers at schools. The study explored the use of indigenous knowledge and culturally based activities by post-graduate students in schools while teaching mathematical concepts. The theory of Realistic Mathematics Education framed this qualitative, interpretive study which used a questionnaire, lesson observations and semi-structured interviews to generate data. Qualitative data were analysed inductively and thematically. The findings reveal that the participants needed to understand indigenous knowledge to integrate culturally based activities in mathematics lessons. Secondly, culturally based activities established on indigenous knowledge scaffolded mathematics lessons and promoted the understanding of mathematical concepts to make learning more meaningful and relevant. Thirdly, this study provides examples of good practice to support teachers in integrating classroom activities and activities outside the classroom, ensuring that mathematical concepts learned in classrooms are not done in isolation but take into account learners’ authentic experiences in various settings. Finally, by integrating indigenous knowledge and culturally based activities in the mathematics curriculum, learners interacted and engaged more freely within the educational context. Similar studies could be conducted at universities internationally. Implications for mathematics teachers, mathematics teacher educators and mathematics curriculum developers globally are discussed.
Perception and Management of Stress by South African Foundation Phase Teachers
Authors: Govender Sumeshni , Mabuza Pertunia Thobile
Published: December 2021

The prevalence and management of stressors experienced by rural-based foundation phase teachers in South Africa were examined in this study. Quantitative and qualitative measures were used to gain more insight into stressors experienced by teachers. A questionnaire with open-ended and closed-ended questions was used to collect data from n=119 participants. The results of the study indicated that many foundation phase teachers experienced a wide variety of stressors. There was also an indication that whilst some teachers do have the necessary skills to cope with the stressors that they experienced, within their teaching and learning environment, using various techniques such as: exercise, spirituality and planning other participants struggled to cope and required support. Recommendations were made in order to assist those teachers who were unable to manage the stressors they experienced, limitations of the study discussed and avenues for further research are also presented.
Barriers and Enablers to Inclusive Education in Mauritius: Perceptions of Secondary School Educational Practitioners
Authors: Abdoula-Dhuny Nazia
Published: December 2021

Advocated as an educational philosophy to tackle exclusion, inclusive education (IE) is now a worldwide trend. Despite the well-acknowledged benefits of inclusion, educational practitioners have several difficulties which act as significant setbacks in operationalising inclusion in practice. Given its novelty in Mauritius, IE implementation is not fully understood. The purpose of the study was to explore the perceptions of secondary school educational practitioners on certain aspects of inclusive education, namely the academic profile of students with special education needs encountered by secondary school educators and rectors, the difficulties faced when dealing with them, and the barriers and enablers to inclusive education. It involved a quantitative descriptive research design. Data were collected from 588 secondary educators and 42 rectors using a specifically designed questionnaire. Following the analysis of data, respondents confirmed the presence of children with special education needs in their classrooms. While respondents indicated that the majority of students with special education needs had an academic profile of the same level of age-matched peers, they reported difficulties encountered with these learners in terms of deficits in attention, participation and behavioural problems. The main barriers identified were the lack of training in special education and the lack of proper infrastructure. Findings revealed training and knowledge in special education, the availability of proper infrastructure, support in terms of teaching aids, specialised equipment and teaching assistants as the main enabling factors. Training is therefore recommended to build competency of educators and rectors in inclusive practices. Appropriate infrastructure and support in terms of educational materials and support personnel should also be provided.
Vom Hin und Her zwischen Medienbildung und Informatischer Bildung
Authors: Stadler David , Grünberger Nina
Published: December 2021

Informatik hier, Medienpädagogik dort. Informatische Bildung hier, Medienbildung dort. Der Diskurs um digitale Medien in der Bildung zeigt eine duale Aufspaltung bzw. zwei parallel verlaufende, teils schwer verbindbare Aktionsfelder, die von jeweils unterschiedlichen Akteurinnen und Akteuren bedient werden. Eine solche Dualität könnte bspw. auf die jeweiligen Herkunftsdisziplinen, der Informatik bzw. Pädagogik, Kommunikations- und Medienwissenschaft, zurückgeführt werden, wodurch sich widersprechende Logiken und Ziele sowie letztlich eine problematische zweigleisige Koexistenz ergeben. Dabei beanspruchen die Disziplinen die thematische Vorherrschaft gegenüber den anderen. Aktuell scheint etwa die stärkere Thematisierung des Begriffs «Computational Thinking» zulasten der Medienbildung bzw. Medienpädagogik zu gehen. Der Beitrag diskutiert das Beziehungsverhältnis von Informatischer Bildung und Medienbildung entlang einer Darlegung möglicher Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede. Im Anschluss werden anhand der Verortung von Anliegen beider Diskurse in der pädagogischen Praxis Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der konzeptuellen Verbindung der Informatischen Bildung mit der Medienbildung ausgelotet. Dies mündet in einer kritischen Einordnung des Lehrplans der Verbindlichen Übung «Digitale Grundbildung» für österreichische Schulen der Sekundarstufe I, der Ansätze einer Verzahnung von Medienbildung und Informatischer Bildung erkennen lässt. Leitend ist dabei die These, dass die Medienbildung sich der Informatik und diese sich der Medienbildung öffnen solle, um den Anforderungen einer digital-vernetzten Lebenswelt gerecht zu werden.
Cholangiocarcinogenesis and targeted therapy for cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Gritskevich A. A. , Gurmikov B. N. , Baitman T. P. , Shipilova A. N. , Paichadze A. A. , Chzhao A. V.
Published: December 2021

Cholangiocarcinoma includes a highly heterogeneous group of malignant tumors of the biliary tract, developing from the epithelium of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is growing worldwide and currently accounts for about 15% of all primary neoplastic diseases of the liver and up to 3% of malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. The asymptomatic course of these tumors in combination with a very aggressive course and low sensitivity to cytotoxic therapy contributes to a fairly high mortality rate from this disease, amounting to up to 2% in the structure of cancer mortality in the world. The high heterogeneity of cholangiocarcinoma at the genomic, epigenetic and molecular levels significantly reduces the effectiveness of the available treatments. In recent decades, new diagnostic tools and treatment methods have been developed to improve the results of treatment of patients with cholangiocarcinoma. The prevalence of BRAF gene mutations is associated with the occurrence of various tumors, including cholangiocarcinoma. Currently, more than 30 mutations in the BRAF gene with oncogenic potential have been registered. Basically, the V600 codon is affected, an amino acid change occurs, which ultimately leads to the fact that the BRAF protein becomes constantly active, even in the absence of growth factors. Dabrafenib is an inhibitor of the BRAF protein, which is permanently overactive in mutated cells. The use of dabrafenib as monotherapy leads to the development of resistance after 6–7 months. Dabrafenib is used with trametinib, a MEK inhibitor that also blocks the Ras-Raf-MEK-MAPK kinase pathway, to prevent the resistance.
Neoadjuvant therapy bridging patients with hepatocellular cancer waiting for liver transplant
Authors: Pitkevich A. A. , Kosyrev V. Yu. , Dzhanyan I. A. , Novruzbekov M. S. , Monakhov A. R. , Zubenko S. I. , Voskanyan S. E. , Rudakov V. S. , Moroz E. A. , Breder V. V.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Liver transplant (LT) is a widely accepted treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of neoadjuvant (NAT) is still under debate.

The aim of the work is to assess the effect of NAT on relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with HCC who underwent LT.

Methods and materials. 63 patients diagnosed with HCC were observed at Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology from October 2010 to January 2020. Of these, 28 patients did not receive any type of treatment before transplantation, 35 patients received various types of NAT. Two groups had similar patient and tumour characteristics at baseline. A significant number of patients with decompensated cirrhosis were observed in the non-NAT group (n = 14; 50%), while no patients with CP-C liver cirrhosis were observed in the NAT group (n = 0; 0%; p = 0.000). The average wait for a liver transplant was 10.3 months in the NAT group and 6.8 months in the NAT-free group (p = 0.561).

Results. In the bridging subgroup, the tumour progression was detected in 29% of patients, stable disease in 47% of patients, partial response was achieved in 14% of patients, complete tumour response was observed in 5%. For 5% of patients, it was not possible to estimate the effect of the therapy due to the lack of appropriate data archives. In the subgroup of downstaging therapy, the tumour progression was detected in 23% of patients, stable disease in 41% of patients, a partial response was achieved in 12% of patients, a complete tumour response was observed in 6%. The treatment allowed the Milan criteria to be fulfilled in 18% of patients.

Conclusion. There was no difference in overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) between the NAT and control groups.
Immediate results of treatment of patients with metastatic uveal melanoma using isolated liver chemoperfusion. The first domestic experience
Authors: Kaprin A. D. , Unguryan V. M. , Petrov L. O. , Ivanov S. A. , Pobedintseva Yu. A. , Filimonov E. V. , Kruglov E. A. , Falaleeva N. A. , Nazarova V. V. , Orlova K. V. , Utyashev I. A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults. Despite some achievements in primary tumor treatment, 50% of patients develop distant metastases in various times (3 years to decades). Hematogenous spread is typical for uveal melanoma, and in 90% of the cases liver is the target. Median survival of patients with liver metastases is 4 to 9 months according to various researchers. And the result of treatment is extremely poor, unlike the results of skin melanoma treatment.

The aim is to evaluate the immediate results of treatment of patients with uveal melanoma metastatic to the liver using isolated hepatic perfusion technique.

Materials and methods. Considering a high risk of developing a metastatic liver disease in patients with uveal melanoma, local therapy is particularly interesting. This article describes the results of 10 metastatic uveal melanoma patients’ Isolated Hepatic Perfusion (IHP) Treatment. IHP was conducted using the standard methods with 100 mg of Melphalan for 60 min.

Results and discussion. IHP treatment shows low complication rate. The data for response assessment is available on 9 out of 10 patients, because 10th patient received this treatment less than a month ago. Follow-ups a month after 9 patients underwent IHP showed an objective response to treatment in 6 patients (complete response in 1, partial response in 5 patients).

Conclusion. The use of isolated liver chemoperfusion in a small group of patients according to the standard procedure allowed achieving an immediate response in 67% of cases.
Lenvatinib and pembrolizumab in the treatment of metastatic endometrial cancer: literature review and case report
Authors: Rumyantsev A. A.
Published: December 2021

In 2019 in Russia endometrial carcinoma was diagnosed in 27151 patients, 6820 women died from the disease. The standard of frontline therapy for patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma is platinum and taxane-based chemotherapy with satisfactory efficacy – the median progression-free survival is about 13 months, and up to 50% of patients achieve objective response to therapy. On the other hand, for patients with recurrent endometrial cancer after frontline chemotherapy the results of chemotherapy remained generally unsatisfactory, the objective response rate to standard treatment was about 10 to 15%. During the last few years there significant progress has been made in this area – studies identified a subgroup of patients with a high level of microsatellite instability (MSI-high) highly sensitive to pembrolizumab therapy. In this subset of patients, who account for up to 25% of patients with metastatic endometrial cancer, the objective response rate to pembrolizumab monotherapy is up to 57%. Further studies have shown that the addition of lenvatinib to pembrolizumab therapy may be a highly effective therapeutic option for patients without MSI-high. This article describes a clinical case of the successful therapy of a patient with platinumresistant endometrial carcinoma with a combination of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib.