bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eventos adversos associados à administração de medicamentos vasopressores via acesso venoso periférico: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Vicente Matheus Vinícius Sevald , Oliveira Eduardo Macedo , Pastori Neto Leo , Cristani Carla , Matias Georgia Souza , Pinheiro Carlos Eduardo Andrade
Published: March 2024

Introdução: Vasopressores são agentes farmacológicos frequentemente usados para aumentar a pressão arterial sistêmica. Devido à preocupação de potencial extravasamento e consequente necrose tecidual na administração intravenosa periférica de vasopressores, esses são convencionalmente aplicados através de um cateter venoso central (CVC). Porém, estudos mostram que colocar um CVC não é um processo sem risco, visto que pode gerar lesão vascular, pneumotórax e, em alguns casos, até a morte. Metodologia: Esse estudo foi composto a partir de pesquisas, meta-análises e revisões sistemáticas dedicadas à abordagem da segurança (ou riscos) da administração de drogas vasoativas em veias periféricas de pacientes. Foram usados os seguintes descritores peripheral intravenous catheter, vasopressor medications e adverse events para a língua inglesa e medicações vasoconstritoras, veias periféricas, riscos ou eventos adversos no caso do português. Discussão: Pacientes com sepse severa ou choque na emergência são uma preocupação devido a sua instabilidade hemodinâmica e/ou respiratória, necessitam de intervenção imediata a depender do quadro apresentado e identificado pela equipe da emergência. A necessidade da administração de vasopressores em casos de hipotensão têm sido relatada com frequência e o tempo para a administração destas drogas reflete na sobrevida do paciente e na reversão do quadro. Na literatura encontra-se a contraindicação de administração de drogas vasopressoras por meio de AVP, sendo atualmente em muitos centros de emergência a orientação para administração apenas pelo acesso venoso central (AVC). No entanto, a infusão de vasopressores por AVC implica em complicações e riscos, por exemplo: demora para obtenção do acesso, pneumotórax, infecções, os quais por vezes são riscos maiores em contrapartida a administração dos vasopressores por AVP, que quando bem orientado apresenta baixos riscos e apresenta benefícios em relação ao tempo de obtenção do acesso comparado ao AVC. Na literatura, encontra-se contraindicações devido ao risco de extravasamento, isquemia e até necrose tecidual no local de administração da droga, consequência do baixo calibre das veias periféricas juntamente ao efeito vasoconstritor destas drogas. Conclusão: a incidência de eventos adversos associados com a infusão de vasopressores por cateter venoso periférico (CVP) é baixa e, quando ocorrem, esses eventos tendem a ser menores e de fácil manejo. Além disso, protocolos de administração de vasopressores por PVC devem ser instaurados e seguidos, buscando garantir a segurança dessa estratégia de infusão.
A disbiose intestinal como fator de risco na alteração psicológica depressiva
Authors: Da Silva Caren Priscila Wanderley , Cruz Noele da Silva , Sousa Verônica Chaves , Freitas Francisca Marta Nascimento de Oliveira , Honorato Lobo Rosimar
Published: March 2024

A disbiose intestinal é um distúrbio cada vez mais considerado no diagnóstico de várias doenças e caracterizado por uma disfunção de colônia devido à alteração da microbiota intestinal, na qual ocorre predomínio das bactérias patogênicas sobre as bactérias benéficas. Essa doença pode atuar como fator de risco para alterações da saúde mental, principalmente na alteração psicológica depressiva. A depressão é um dos transtornos de saúde mental mais prevalentes e a segunda principal causa de incapacidade em todo o mundo. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a relação da a disbiose intestinal como fator de risco na alteração psicológica depressiva. O presente estudo se caracteriza como tipo de pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica do tipo qualitativa. Dessa forma, foram elegidos 50 estudos na avaliação metodológica e foram sintetizados e apresentados como subtópicos de acordo com cada tópico apresentado nesta seção. foi chegada a conclusão que processos deficientes causados pela disbiose intestinal, como a carência de serotonina pode estar envolvida com o desenvolvimento acentuado de depressão. Sendo possível comparar a proporcionalidade do mecanismo afetivo das alterações como influente de processos irregulares no intestino.
Teachers’ Content Knowledge: Implications for Teaching Practices and Students’ Learning Outcomes
Authors: Ofodu Graceful Onovughe , Jımola Folasade              Esther
Published: March 2024

Content knowledge is one of Shulman’s teacher knowledge. In no small
measure, content knowledge promotes learning and contributes to
students’ learning outcomes. The knowledge of what to teach is a key
requirement for effective teaching. This paper assesses the subject matter
knowledge that Literature-in-English teachers possess and reveals subject
content areas where they exhibit high mastery. This paper examines
whether teachers’ content knowledge could predict students’ achievement
in and attitude to Literature-in-English. The study is a descriptive research
of the survey type. Data were collected through four research instruments:
a classroom observation scale, a classroom content knowledge checklist, a
self-constructed students’ questionnaire and an achievement test. Data
collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The
participants consisted of 632 students who were taught Literature-in-
English and 127 Literature-in-English teachers. Findings revealed that the
observable elements where mastery was shown are knowledge of elements
of literary works and literary appreciation skills. However, the study
showed that there is knowledge gap in language development and
knowledge of values. The findings show that teachers’ content knowledge
predicted students’ learning outcomes (achievement and attitude) in
Literature-in-English. The findings raised concerns about pedagogical
implications and recommendations for concerned education stakeholders.
Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah Produk Olahan Tiram di Desa Tibang
Authors: Andriansyah Andriansyah , Asmadi Didi , Zuhri Sarika , Sentia Prima Denny , Riza Medyan , Hidayaturrahmi Hidayaturrahmi , Prasanti Nissa
Published: March 2024

Tibang Village is a village located in a coastal area in the city of Banda Aceh. This village is famous for its natural potential that produces oyster shells. Based on observations, these oyster shells are processed into edible nuggets and oyster crackers. The problem in this village is the lack of understanding of the community on how to manage and create potential industry with processed oyster shell products. The purpose of this article is to study and design the supply chain network in the management of oyster processed products. Supply chain management is an approach taken to increase the competitiveness of a product. The results of the study were socialized to villagers to increase understanding of the importance of managing oyster shell processed products from upstream to downstream. The results obtained are that in the management of oyster shells processed products, it is necessary to have actors who play a role in collecting raw oysters from farmers before they are processed into nuggets and oyster crackers
Menekan Pengeluaran Belanja Harian Sayur Rumah Tangga: Sebuah Pelatihan Pembuatan Media Tanam Sayuran untuk Budidaya Polybag
Authors: Saputro Avisema Sigit , Solihah Efi Nikmatu
Published: March 2024

Training on making planting media for polybags was held in Sanggrahan, Wonorejo, Gondangrejo, Karanyanyar, and Central Java. The activity was held on June 3, 2023, and was attended by women from PKK RT 05 RW 18. The characteristic of Sanggrahan is almost the same as that of other urban areas, namely the lack of land for cultivating plants. The aim of this activity is to provide insight to PKK women about urban agriculture so that the remaining land in urban areas can still be cultivated using a polybag system. Residents can manage small areas of land to grow vegetable crops so that they can reduce their daily household expenditure on vegetables. To produce optimal plant growth, cultivation in polybags requires appropriate planting media that are easy for residents to make. The method of service activities involves providing material counseling and practical training on making planting media for polybags. We train participants on using easily available materials to create planting media. The materials used to make planting media are humus soil, compost, and husk charcoal in a ratio of 1:1:1. All ingredients are mixed evenly, then put into a polybag. Vegetable seeds that are ready to plant are put into polybags, and then regular maintenance is carried out so that they grow optimally. The size of the polybag varies depending on the type of plant being planted. To support the success and sustainability of this activity, regular evaluation and monitoring are carried out. The aim of this community service is that residents can meet their household vegetable needs by making planting media that is easy to obtain in polybags.
Pelatihan Menulis Esai Destinasi Wisata sebagai Upaya Pemberdayaan Masyarakat untuk Mempromosikan Potensi Wisata di Gunung Kidul
Authors: Dewojati Cahyaningrum , Sugihastuti Sugihastuti , Akmal Ramayda , Kurniawati Wira
Published: March 2024

This community service activity aims to empower the community to write essays containing the introduction and promotion of tourism potential around Gunungkidul Regency. Gunungkidul is a district in the Special Region of Yogyakarta which has a lot of tourism potential, ranging from nature (such as beaches, caves, lakes, forests, hills, etc.), culture (culinary, performing arts), to historical sites, and so on, which developed by the government and private stakeholders. The target community for this workshop are members of the Pelita Gunungkidul Community whose members are educators who are also writers and literacy activists in Gunungkidul. The number of participants in this activity was 34 people. The method used is the lecture method to provide material, questions and answers, discussions, direct guidance during the writing process, both offline and in bold, and the editing process for participants' writing. The results obtained are an increase in participants' writing skills, mastery of essay material, increased understanding of tourism potential in the Gunungkidul area, and a joint anthology book with ISBN containing travel essays written by workshop participants. The book will then be distributed more widely to the people of Yogyakarta and its surroundings.
Uji Ketahanan Penyakit Antraknosa yang Disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum Gloesporioides pada Populasi (M3) Cabai Lokal Aceh
Authors: Hafsah Siti , Nura Nura , Firdaus Firdaus , Amelia Putri
Published: March 2024

This research aimed to determine the level of resistance of the mutant genotype against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in the M3 population of local Aceh chilies as a result of gamma irradiation. The experimental design used in this study was a non-factorial randomized block design (RAK) with three replications and 17 observation parameters. The factors studied included one local Aceh variety (Odeng) as the parent, four mutant genotypes (M3) with various levels of gamma ray irradiation doses and two national varieties (Kastilo and Laris) as comparisons. The results showed that the quantitative character of the D1-10-5 mutant genotype was the best on the parameters of fruit length, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant and plant productivity. The best D2-7-39 genotype on dichotomous height parameters, peroxidase enzyme activity in healthy leaves and peroxidase enzyme activity in sick leaves. The best D3-9-9 genotype on parameters of plant height, fruit diameter, weight per fruit, incidence of green fruit disease, intensity of green fruit disease and disease leaf peroxidase enzyme activity. The best genotype D3-9-34 on parameters of thickness of fruit flesh, incidence of red fruit disease, intensity of red fruit attack. The qualitative character of the young fruit color in the mutant genotypes D2-7-39, D3-9-34 and D3-9-9 gave rise to different characters from the elder varieties (odeng) and the comparison varieties of Castile and Laris, namely Dark Yellowish Green (3707). ). The color character of the intermediate fruit genotypes D1-10-5 and D3-9-34 produced a different color from the parent, namely Dark Redd Purple (9210).
REDESAIN TENGARAN KECAMATAN BLAHBATUH GIANYAR
Authors: LESTARI AYU PUTU UTARI PARTHAMI , MARDANA I KADEK YUDI
Published: March 2024

In general, landmarks are unique physical forms that can be used as a guide for users of an area to facilitate orientation and also help develop the character of an area. This goal can be realized more easily if the physical (architectural) elements also reflect the local cultural values of the area. Landmarks are a crucial aspect of the city structure as they help individuals orient themselves and understand the city as a whole from a particular point. Landmarks can be various structures such as monuments, statues, buildings, towers, places of worship, and others. The importance of landmarks as reference points for observers to spatial locations has been considered in regional planning, as is the case in Gianyar, Bali. In Blahbatuh District, Gianyar, there is a landmark in the form of Hanoman statue made by KKN students. However, the statue is considered to be made without thinking about the history or characteristics of the village, so there is a need for a redesign design to improve the quality of urban life both in terms of the environment and society. The problems that occur will be observed and then analyzed. The approach applied was a descriptive qualitative one involving theoretical explanations of landmarks as well as direct observation of the objects observed. By analyzing the characteristics of the environment, aesthetic needs, and landmark functions, this research produces design recommendations that also consider aspects of beauty, local identity, and sustainability. The proposed design is a 9m high statue of Dewi Sri, as a reminder that the neighborhood is a rice producer. This design replaces the previous Hanoman Statue which was deemed less reflective of the locality context. The design results are expected to be a reference for the development and revitalization of the area, as well as increasing the attractiveness and uniqueness of local tourist destinations. Hopefully, this research can also play a role in advancing sustainable architecture and design in rural areas
PEMBUATAN DESAIN PRODUK MAKANAN MENGGUNAKAN CANVA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PESERTA DIDIK SMK NEGERI 1 SUKAPURA PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Kristiana Maya Fitria Eva , Anam Moh. Khoirul
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penilitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi. Observasi bertujuan untuk mengamati kegiatan pembelajaran yang berlangsung dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Projek Based Learning dengan memanfaatkan media canva. Fokus pembahasan adalah pemanfaatan aplikasi Canva sebagai media pembelajaran dalam mata pelajaran Produk Kreativitas dan Kewirausahaan. Pentingnya penggunaan media pembelajaran oleh pendidik sebagai dukungan dalam proses pengajaran di bidang pendidikan menjadi topik yang dibahas. Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri 1 Sukapura adalah Sekolah Kejuruan kelompok Pariwisata yang ada di Kabupaten Probolinggo. Salah satu keahlian jurusan yang ada adalah Tata Boga yang berfokus pada kompetensi keahlian kuliner. Kemampuan membuat desain yang baik dan menarik tentu dibutuhkan kompetensi atau keahlihan dalam pembuatannya dengan menggunakan aplikasi yang sudah ada saat ini. Salah satu aplikasi desain yang ada saat adalah canva. Aplikasi ini bisa digunakan dengan ponsel pintar dan memiliki banyak kelebihan dibandingan dengan aplikasi yang lain. Kelebihan dari aplikasi diantaranya adalah gratis, bisa diakses menggunakan web ataupun android, tampilan sederhana tapi fitur lengkap dan tidak memerlukan ruang penyimpanan karena berbasis web dan cloud. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan metode pendampingan secara komprehensif kepada mitra melalui sosialisasi aplikasi canva, penjelasanan aplikasi canva, fitur, kelebihan dan kekurangannya. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah peingkatan kemampuan mitra dalam penggunakan aplikasi canva untuk membuat desain yang baik dan menarik sehingga membantu mitra dalam melakukan pemasaran produk. Luaran akhir yang akan dicapai dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya kemampuan mitra dalam penggunaan ponsel pintar untuk mendesain produk makanan
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS MATERI DESCRIPTIVE TEXT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN POWERPOINT MELALUI MEDIA WHATSAPP
Authors: Endey Yulli Fransisca
Published: March 2024

ABSTRAKPada masa pandemi guru-guru pada SMK Negeri 1 Tarakan sepakat untuk menggunakan teknologi sebagai media belajar jarak jauh. Salah satu aplikasi yang dipergunakan adalah WhatsApp karena aplikasi ini mudah dan terjangkau. Karena masa pandemi yang tiba-tiba terjadi memaksa para guru dan siswa untuk belajar jarak jauh menggunakan aplikasi daring hal ini menyebabkan tidak terbiasanya menggunakan aplikasi daring ini sehingga pembelajaran bahasa inggris materi descriptive text pada kelas X tata Boga 2 SMK Negeri 1 Tarakan pada pembelajaran jarak jauh belum optimal karena memiliki nilai tidak sesuai KKM ataupun di bawahnya. Maka dilakukan perbaikan pembelajaran menggunakan media WhatsApp dengan metode ketuntasan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian Tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari dua buah siklus dalam melaksanakan penelitiannya. Penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) ini meningkatkan persentase ketuntasan dari 27,77% menjadi 72,22%, berdasarkan hasil ini PTK dilanjutkan pada siklus ke-II yang hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan yang lebih baik lagi yaitu 91,7% siswa mencapai tingkat ketuntasan dan mendapatkan nilai melebihi KKM ≥72.
Efektivitas Teknik Self Control dan Media Internet Sebagai Alat Bantu pada Layanan Bimbingan Belajar
Authors: Pihastanti Erika , Al Hafid Ahmad Falih , Kusumawati Antik , Fahraesa Difqi Febryan
Published: March 2024

Layanan bimbingan belajar merupakan upaya pembimbing membantu anak dalam mengatasi dan menganalisis berbagai masalah kesulitan belajar. Salah satu fungsi dari pemberian layanan ini ditujukan untuk memberikan bekal kepada keluarga maupun guru dalam membimbing anak agar mampu merancang dan mempersiapkan masa depanya nanti. Kajian ini dilakukan atas dasar masih adanya indikasi anak yang memiliki self-control belajar yang lemah serta pemanfaatan media internet yang banyak disalahgunakan. Tujuan kajian ini yaitu untuk menguraikan diagnosis masalah belajar dan memberikan solusi yang dapat digunakan dalam menangani permasalahan tersebut. Data-data diungkap menggunakan teknik studi literatur dengan menjabarkan informasi-informasi yang akurat dan sesuai dengan judul pembahasan. Hasil dari pembahasan ini menggungkapkan bagaimana faktor-faktor kesulitan belajar anak dan menunjukan peran dari layanan bimbingan belajar ditinjau dari kondisi sekarang di era 4.0. Hasil dari pembahasan ini merekomendasikan kepada orang tua atau guru dalam memberikan bimbingan untuk menggunakan teknik self-control dengan kombinasi pemanfaatan media internet yang efektif membantu menangani masalah belajar dan memunculkan motivation booster pada anak.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Audio Visual Berbasis STEM Pada Tema Peduli Lingkungan Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Kurnia Feni Kurnia , Yuanita
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran audio visual berbasis STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) pada pembelajaran IPA Tema Peduli Lingkungan di sekolah dasar yang digunakan di kelas IV sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang menggunakan desain pengembangan 4D yang terdiri atas Define, Design, Develop dan Disseminate. Pada tahap Define, dilakukan tahap pengembangan awal yang meliputi analisis kurikulum dan analisis media pembelajaran. Tahapan kedua adalah design, yang meliputi perancangan spesifikasi desain media pembelajaran audio visual yang akan dikembangkan, tahap ketiga yaitu develop meliputi tahapan validasi media pembelajaran yang meliputi validasi konstruk dengan hasil persentase rata-rata 95,83% pada validator pertama, 87,50% pada validator kedua, kemudian validasi media menghasilkan persentase rata-rata 86,11%, validator bahasa menghasilkan 95,00%. Hasil uji coba lapangan skala terbatas mdan skala luas masing-masing menghasilkan nilai rata-rata 93,15% dan 90,61%. Sedangkan nilai angket respon guru sebagai pengguna menghasilkan rata-rata 100%. Tahap terakhir adalah Disseminate yang dilaksanakan dengan penyebarluasan media pembelajaran kepada sekolah-sekolah dasar yang ada di Provinsi Bangka Belitung, dan juga melalui platform youtube. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran yang dihasilkan valid dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran tema peduli lingkungan di kelas IV sekolah dasar.
Atualização em escoliose idiopática
Authors: Rony Brito Fernandes  , Maurício Santos Gusmão  , Djalma Castro de Amorim Júnior  , Maurício Guimarães Pimentel  , Tiago Argolo Bittencourt de Oliveira  , Marcos Almeida Mattos
Published: March 2024

A escoliose idiopática do adolescente é uma deformidade tridimensional da coluna vertebral que engloba a curvatura do plano coronal e a rotação no eixo axial, com desvios rotatório e translacional máximos, ocorrendo no ápice da curva. A etiologia permenece desconhecida, porém existem muitas teorias prospostas. As teorias mais citadas da literatura são: fatores genéticos, distúrbios ósseos, distúrbios musculares, alterações do disco intervertebral, anormalidades do crescimento e causas de origem do sistema nervoso central. Os sistemas de classificação são usados para avaliar entidade clínica, ajudar o cirurgião a escolher o melhor tratamento para cada caso específico. Os objetivos do tratamento cirúrgico da escoliose idiopática são melhorar o equilíbrio sagital e prevenir a progressão da curva. O melhor método para conseguir a correção é a instrumentação acrescida de fusão, podendo ser obtida por via anterior, via posterior ou combinada em alguns casos.
PROTOCOLO DE ATENDIMENTO ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL
Authors: Serviço de Neurologia
Published: March 2024

O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é a principal causa de morte em nosso país e a segunda causa no mundo. O atendimento da fase aguda da doença tem alto impacto na redução da mortalidade e das sequelas nos sobreviventes. Para que esse benefíciochegue aos pacientes, um protocolo institucional multidisciplinar e multissetorial organizado é essencial. O protocolo a seguir é dividido em três partes complementares: AVC isquêmico candidato à terapia de reperfusão (admissão < 6 horas do início dos sintomas); AVC isquêmico não-candidato à terapia de reperfusão; e AVC hemorrágico.Normatizar o cuidado do paciente admitido com AVCI, candidato à terapia de reperfusão cerebral.
Revisão Sistemática e Metanálise: Noções Essenciais
Authors: Gilson Soares Feitosa-Filho  , Carolina de Deus Leite  , Flávia Guimarães Pereira  , Natália Lima Walsh Tinôco  , Roberta Vicente Leite Viana Menezes
Published: March 2024

A revisão sistemática é definida como uma estratégia científica que usa métodos explícitos e reprodutíveis para procurar, criticar e sumarizar evidências advindas de pesquisas clínicas. A partir de revisões sistemáticas, pode ser possível executar uma análise quantitativa: a metanálise. Para elaboração de uma qualificada revisão sistemática, algumas etapas devem ser executadas: escolha da equipe; controle de vieses; elaboração da pergunta e extensiva revisão bibliográfica. Um importante documento foi publicado para padronizar as revisões sistemáticas e da metanálise: o PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), guiando os autores através de um check-list com 27 itens e um fluxograma composto por quatro etapas para auxiliar o relato dos autores. Conhecer as peculiaridades da execução e interpretação de revisões sistemáticas e metanálises pode ser importante não somente para execuções de novos trabalhos, como também para uma boa compreensão das informações disponíveis acerca de um determinado tema.
PROTOCOLO DE ATENDIMENTO ANTIBIOTICOPROFILAXIA CIRÚRGICA
Authors: CCIH
Published: March 2024

Atualizar padronização para antibioticoprofilaxia cirúrgica no HSI.
Eutanasia Ditinjau dari Etika Kedokteran di Indonesia
Authors: Rarung Octaviane K. , Tomuka Djemi , Siwu James F.
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Legal perspective euthanasia is a form of taking one's life. There are differences in the legality of euthanasia in Indonesia and several other countries that require doctors to understand the medical ethics related to euthanasia. This study aimed to explore the medical ethics related to euthanasia. This was a systematic literature review study using three database sources, namely ClinicalKey, Pubmed, and Sage Journal based on inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The results showed that euthanasia was not an appropriate and ethical matter for doctors to do. Doctors had to fulfill the autonomy of patients meanwhile doctors had also to consider the decisions given by patients since not all decisions of the patients had to be fulfilled, let alone decisions asking for euthanasia. Medical ethics viewed euthanasia as an unethical act to be performed by a doctor. Legal and religious views viewed euthanasia as something that should not be done. Moreover, medical ethics' view on euthanasia was different from bioethics' view on euthanasia. Bioethics viewed euthanasia from various perspectives, broader than medical ethics did. In conclusion, medical ethics respects the autonomy of the patient, albeit, the patient does not have the right to assert the obligation of others to fulfill that right.
Keywords: euthanasia; medical ethics; doctors; patient’s autonomy
 
Abstrak: Dalam perspektif hukum eutanasia merupakan suatu bentuk tindakan menghilangkan nyawa seseorang. Terdapat perbedaan legalitas eutanasia di Indonesia dengan beberapa negara lain yang mewajibkan dokter untuk mengetahui etika kedokteran terkait eutanasia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami etika kedokteran terkait eutanasia. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan ialah systematic literature review dengan tiga sumber database yang digunakan yakni ClinicalKey, Pubmed, dan Sage Journal berdasarkan kriteria inklusi serta kriteria eksklusi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa eutanasia bukan hal yang pantas dan bukan hal yang etis untuk dilakukan oleh seorang dokter. Dokter memang harus memenuhi otonomi pasien namun dokter juga harus mempertimbangkan keputusan yang diberikan pasien karena tidak semua keputusan yang diambil pasien harus dipenuhi oleh dokter, apalagi keputusan meminta untuk eutanasia. Etika kedokteran memandang eutanasia sebagai tindakan yang tidak etis untuk dilakukan oleh seorang dokter. Pandangan hukum dan pandangan agama memandang eutanasia sebagai hal yang tidak patut untuk dilakukan. Pandangan etika kedokteran terhadap eutanasia berbeda dengan pandangan bioetika terhadap eutanasia. Bioetika memandang eutanasia dari berbagai sudut pandang, yang lebih luas dari pandangan etika kedokteran. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah etika kedokteran menghargai otonomi pasien namun pasien tidak mempunyai hak untuk menuntut kewajiban orang lain untuk memenuhi hak tersebut.
Kata kunci: eutanasia; etika kedokteran; dokter; otonomi pasien
Integrated model membrane for biophysical studies and biomedical applications
Authors: Morigaki Kenichi
Published: March 2024

The biological membrane is a dynamic supramolecular architecture that plays vital roles in the cell. However, understanding the physicochemical properties and functions of the membrane supramolecular system is difficult. We have developed an integrated model system of the biological membrane comprising patterned polymeric and natural lipid bilayers. The polymeric bilayer acts as a framework to support embedded natural membranes. The embedded natural membranes retain important characteristics of the biological membrane such as fluidity, and reproduces the physical states and functions of the biological membrane. Membrane proteins can be reconstituted into the model membrane for analyzing their functions in a controlled lipid membrane environment. Three-dimensional structures can be constructed by attaching micro-/nano-fabricated structures to the polymeric bilayer framework. The integrated model membrane realizes a versatile platform to study membrane functions, and should open new opportunities in fundamental biological sciences as well as biomedical/analytical applications.
Effects of beam steering angle and excitation frequency on blood flow imaging with plane wave imaging
Authors: Maru Takatoshi , Omura Masaaki , Nagaoka Ryo , Saito Kozue , Hasegawa Hideyuki
Published: March 2024

The vector Doppler method was developed to overcome the limitations of conventional methods, which can only estimate axial velocities. Because the vector Doppler method uses steered beams, the excitation frequency is set lower than the resonance frequency of the transducer elements to prevent the generation of grating lobes. Although lowering the steering angle is another solution, a larger steering angle span leads to a more accurate estimation of velocity vectors. We have developed a method for estimating the steering angle from the received echo signals, which might enable an accurate estimation of velocity vectors even with small steering angles. In this study, the effects of steering angle and excitation frequency were investigated by numerical simulation and in vivo measurement of the carotid artery. The results showed that similar accuracies were obtained at high (6.94 MHz) and low (4.8 MHz) frequencies, and that better visualization of weak echoes from blood cells was achieved at 6.94 MHz.
Transient positron annihilation spectroscopy under light irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature: evaluation of defect states in single-crystal ZnO
Authors: Nakajima Makoto , Kinomura Atsushi , Xu Qiu , Kuriyama Kazuo
Published: March 2024

A time-dependent measurement system has been developed for positron annihilation spectroscopy to study the effects of light irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature. The system enables the measurement of positron annihilation lifetimes after pulse light irradiation, utilizing various time windows to investigate the transient changes of photo-excited vacancy-type defects. Additionally, this system facilitates coincidence Doppler broadening measurements during light irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature. The system was successfully employed to analyze changes in positron lifetime and positron annihilation sites in electron-irradiated single-crystalline ZnO under light irradiation.
Accurate nanoparticle size measurement by combining photometry and tracking analysis
Authors: Zhang Yiyang , Wang Chen , Wang Jingan , Zhang Cheng , Zheng Weiqiang , Qiu Yue , Yang Yuting
Published: March 2024

Accurate determination of nanoparticle size is paramount in various fields, including molecular imaging, food safety, drug delivery, and nanobiotechnology. Conventional methods face limitations in accurately resolving different size distributions. Here, we introduce an approach to measure size distribution by combining photometry and tracking analysis of single particles. Our approach is based on a plasmonic dark field imaging system to image and track individual nanoparticles. Scattering intensity, spot size, and diffusion coefficient are quantified and fed into the machine learning model to establish the relationship with particle sizes. Compared with conventional methods, our approach shows improved accuracy in size measurement. To verify the universality of our method, we further demonstrate the sizing capability at diverse and complex conditions, enabling us to discriminate particle size differences within 20 nm in polydisperse systems.
Internal Calibration For Centifuge Using A Digital Tachometer as a Synergistic Collaboration Between the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Surabaya and the Turi Lamongan Health Center
Authors: Gumiwang Ariswati Her , Wisana I Dewa Hari , Sumber Sumber , Fora Wakidi Levana
Published: March 2024

Centrifuge is a laboratory tool used for the process of separating particles of a solution between the filtrate and the substrate through a high-speed centripetal process. The increasing use of Centrifuges at the Turi Lamongan Health Center causes the equipment to be vulnerable to damage. In addition, the lack of handling of these tools is due to limited medical analysts and the absence of electromedical personnel as well as insufficient funds, so that the impact on the health service system at the puskesmas is disrupted. Therefore, it is very important to create a community service program that is carried out in the form of a synergistic collaboration between the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Surabaya and the Turi Lamongan Health Center which is oriented towards community independence through counseling and assistance, especially in the maintenance of the Centrifuge laboratory. The purpose of this activity is maintenance by testing and calibrating/verifying the motor speed and time on the centrifuge in accordance with the working guidelines. The methodological concept in this activity is to carry out counseling and assistance activities in the maintenance and verification of centrifuge laboratory equipment using a digital tachometer. This activity is an application of previous research on centrifuges and tachometers. The tools used are digital tachometer, savety electrical analyzer, avometer, thermohygrometer, stopwatch and tool set. The materials used are several spare parts, compressors, cleaning tools and cleaning fluids as well as antiseptic fluids. The results obtained from these activities are: 1). The technical specifications of the 4 centrifuge devices are recorded; 2). Identification of damaged centrifuges and those requiring maintenance, namely 2 heavily damaged centrifuges and 2 centrifuges that are still suitable for use; 3). Maintenance of 4 centrifuges; 4). Verification/calibration of 2 centrifuges, namely centrifugal 1 with a relative error of 2.73% in the selection of a motor rotation speed of 2500 rpm is still within the allowable limits (≤10%); for testing the time of 300 seconds, the relative error of 20.57% exceeds the allowable limit, while in centrifuge 2 the results of the relative error in 4 selections of motor rotation speed (rpm) are below 10%, namely 5.92%, respectively 3.82. %, 3.65%, 3.47%. As for the time test, the result of 5.56% is still below the maximum allowable error of 10%. From these results, centrifuge 2 is still in good condition; 5) Implementation of mentoring and counseling for 1 (one) medical laboratory technician (analyst) in performing centrifuge equipment maintenance. The results of this activity can facilitate services at the Turi Public Health Center.
Community Empowerment During the Covid 19 Pandemic, Through Assistance for Vulnerable Communities (Interprofessional Collaboration/Interprofessional Education Approach)
Authors: Sumasto Hery , Rahayu Teta Puji , Suparji Suparji , Wisnu Nurwening Tyas , Syaifuddin Syaifuddin , Hupitoyo Hupitoyo , Setyorini Yuyun
Published: March 2024

This community empowerment activity is carried out in the form of mentoring for the people of Bedagung Village, Panekan District, Magetan Regency, East Java. The people of Bedagung Village, Panekan District, Magetan Regency, are very anxious and afraid of the ferocity of the Covid-19 Non-Natural Disaster. Besides they face natural disasters of landslides and cyclones every year, they are currently facing the ferocity of the Covid 19 pandemic. Bedagung village is located on the slopes of a mountain so it is very prone to natural disasters, landslides. Based on these problems, the role of academics is needed to improve preparedness and Disaster Risk Reduction, through community empowerment. Community empowerment is very much needed through the assistance of Interprofession Collaboration (IPC) and Interprofession Education (IPE) approaches with Disaster Mitigation And Training (DMT). The purpose of empowering community assistance is to realize a Healthy Village through preparedness and disaster risk reduction in dealing with the threat of natural disasters and non-natural disasters (Covid-19). Methods to achieve the goal with the Golden Triangle, namely: 1) apply research and expertise; 2) build university cooperation; 3) apply IPC and IPE from 5 (five) professions, namely the profession of Midwife, Nurse, Electromedical Engineering, Environmental Health and management science. Parties involved in this activity: 1) Magetan Regency Government; 2) Bedagung Village Government; 3) Community health center; 4) Disaster Preparedness Village Team; and 5) Regional Disaster Management Agency. Activities carried out to achieve the objectives include: 1) classical material; 2) field practice; 3) follow-up implementation. The time for empowerment activities is 6 months. Outputs: 1) Journal publications; 2) publication through mass media; 3) Intellectual Property Rights; 4) update the Village Disaster Risk map; 5) the establishment of a Destanasif Task Force (Comprehensive Disaster Resilient Village); 6) have a Volunteer certificate and a trainer certificate; 7) training module with ISBN.
Empowerment of Orphanage Caregivers with the IHC Model to Improve Adolescent Psychological Needs
Authors: Kholifah Siti Nur
Published: March 2024

The caregiver is responsible for the psychological needs of adolescents. The purpose of this community service activity is to empower caregivers to fulfill the psychological integrity of adolescents by applying the Interpersonal Human Caring (IHC) model. This method of implementing community service activities is through identifying fulfillment of needs before and after empowerment, carrying out health education activities, identifying the role of caregivers before empowerment, the empowerment process, identifying roles after the empowerment process and identifying the psychological needs of adolescents after the empowerment process. This activity was carried out at the Khadijah 1 Orphanage, Khadijah 2 Orphanage, Aisyiah Orphanage, Mahbubiyah Orphanage, and Al Ikhlas Al Khoiriyah Orphanage. The number of teenagers is 60 people and the number of caregivers is 25 people. The results that have been achieved are an increase in the fulfillment of psychological needs in adolescents and an increase in the role of caregivers in meeting the psychological needs of adolescents. One of the recommended suggestions is the need for provision of caregivers by the Surabaya City Social Service so that they can care for adolescents by applying the Interpersonal Human Caring model so that the psychological needs of adolescents in orphanages throughout the city of Surabaya can be met.
Coastal Community Empowerment Recovery of cockle shell waste into eco-friendly artificial reefs in Mutiara Beach Trenggalek Indonesia
Authors: Apriani Mirna , Anggara Trisna Nugraha  , Utomo Agung Prasetyo , Cahyono Luqman , Fauzi Achmad , Utami Tri , Romadhoni Arum Putri Nur , Adna Diego Ilham Yoga , Hanif Fauzan Kholistya
Published: March 2024

The community empowerment activity is conducted in the form of training of trainers (TOT) and mentoring for the community of Mutiara Beach, Trenggalek, East Java. Trenggalek Regency has regional dominance of mountains and hills is located in the southern part of East Java Province. The improvement of facilities at Mutiara Beach is increasingly being improved in line with one hundred tourist programs. The marine environment must be maintained to remain sustainable and can support tourism, one of which is by maintaining conservation of coral reefs. The existing condition of coral reef was stressed and needs to be restored. Artificial reefs can also be made of concrete mixed with cockle shells that have not been used so far. The concept of processing cockle shell waste emerged by reusing it as a mixture of material and as a roughage material for artificial reefs. The purpose of community empowerment is to give training for local community as a trainer for sustainability transfer knowledge. Method to achieve the goal using socialization, giving brief explanation and directly hands-on practice. Artificial reef has been manufactured from TOT, analyzed to compare with criteria design in order to decide the success of TOT has been achieved. TOT resulting trainers from Pokmaswas as a leader to produce artificial reef with local community. The trainers were success to manage local community with resulting seven artificial reefs with their creativity. Local community was able to identify alternative material in order to change cockle shell with coral flakes carried by tide sea.
Counseling and Maintenance of Infant Incubator to Maintain Continuity of Service
Authors: Syaifudin Syaifudin
Published: March 2024

Health Development is the flagship program among 45 important programs that must be carried out throughout the country related to sectoral and regional development, where health programs are ranked 12th. Health programs in the city of Surabaya are carried out through health centers. One of the services at the community Health centers (PKM) Tanah Kali Kendiding is a sharing room. There is also a delivery room at the Tanah Kali Kedinding Health Center in Surabaya, as well as infant incubator equipment for babies born prematurely. The baby incubator makes the percentage of babies born safe and the ability to survive hypothermia in premature infants is higher. The increasing sophistication of medical devices raises questions about the safety of the device and the reliability of the infant incubator, thus the importance of controlled parameter inspection in medical devices. safety inspection and performance is performed by clinical professionals. At the community health center for maintenance activities it has not been reached because there are no personnel to handle it. In community service, they carry out maintenance activities for the infant incubator which aims to ensure that the infant incubator is ready and suitable for use so that services can continue. From the results of the activity, an infant incubator has been produced which is in a well-maintained condition and is in a ready and suitable condition for use.
IMPROVED PREPAREDNESS COMMUNITIES IN FACING DISASTERS THROUGH DISASTER MITIGATION ON SAPEKEN ISLAND, SUMENEP REGENCY
Authors: Hariyono Hariyono
Published: March 2024

Disasters can happen anytime and anywhere. Living as an archipelagic community is an advantage as well as a risk for the people of Sapeken Island. Behind the natural beauty and richness of life, the community is far from education related to disaster mitigation, and even government data related to mapping regional vulnerabilities and capacities are not optimal. The community-based disaster mitigation education program on Sapeken Island organized by the Disaster Management Masters Program at Airlangga University in collaboration with the Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital aims to improve preparedness and increase community capacity in dealing with potential disasters that can occur on Sapeken Island. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test conducted, the level of community knowledge about disaster mitigation tends to be low and has an average increase of 9% in the post-test knowledge of earthquakes and an average increase of 29% in tsunami knowledge. In addition to disaster mitigation education programs, the community is also invited to determine gathering points and evacuation routes as anticipation and preparedness in the event of an unwanted disaster while waiting for evacuation assistance to arrive. Disaster education programs for archipelagic communities are very important to increase community capacity in addition to developing their tourism potential. So that the community can develop in a balanced way in developing tourism potential in the islands by taking into account the elements of disaster risk that can be prevented or reduced.
Assistance for Pregnant Women and Families in Early Detection of Preeclampsia (PE) and Early Referral Planning as an Effort to Prevent Complications
Authors: Deasy Irawati
Published: March 2024

The purpose the activity is to increase the participation of pregnant women and families in early detection of Preeclampsia (PE) risk and early referral planning as an effort to prevent complications. The methods are carried out in several stages, namely pregnancy health education with PE, early detection screening by health workers using the 2020 MCH book guidelines (risk factor history, as well as BMI, Mean Arterial Pressure and urine protein checks. If the screening results found the risk of PE or diagnosed PE (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and positive urine protein) then followed by reporting to the local midwife, motivating the mother for early referral action planning and assistance during pregnancy. Results: knowledge of pregnant women and families about PE increased from 67% in the poor category, after receiving information 92% in the good category. Early detection screening by health workers using the 2020 MCH book guidelines, out of 12 pregnant women, 2 people (16.7%) had a risk of PE and 10 people (83.3%) did not have a risk of PE. None of the pregnant women were diagnosed with PE. 2 pregnant women who have the risk of PE (100%) have been reported to the Kapor village midwife and are willing to be referred to the Burneh Puskesmas. There is an increase in community participation (pregnant women and families) in early detection of PE and early referral planning as an effort to prevent complications.
IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONAL ABILITY OF NURSES IN NURSING INTERVENTIONS IN HOSPITALS THROUGH EVIDENCE-BASED NURSING PRACTICE WORKSHOP
Authors: Mu'afiro Adin , Suwito Joko , Ongko Waluyo Kiaonarni , Hidayati Sri , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Anugrahini Hepta Nur
Published: March 2024

The evidence-based approach in Indonesia has not yet developed, including the use of research results in practice. Thus it is necessary to grow the attitude, willingness, awareness, and ability to develop EBNP or transform research results into practice so that nurses can improve the "quality of care" for patients. The purpose of community service activities is to improve the professional ability of nurses at RSUD Dr. Sososdoro Djatikoesoemo Bojonegoro in providing Nursing Care through an Evidence-based Nursing Practice (EBNP) workshop. The workshop took place on May 24-25, 2022, and was attended by 30 nurses from the Inpatient Installation. Nurses' knowledge was measured by an evaluation that use pre-test and post-test methods. The skills evaluation was conducted online on July 23, 2022, by presenting the EBNP project plan to be carried out. Community service participants are nurses at RSUD Dr. R Sosodoro Djatikoesoemo Bojonegoro who has characteristics of most (45%) nurses having an age between 41-50 years and having a working period of 11-20 years (44%), and most (67%) educated in Nurses. The functional positions of the most community service participants are Associate Expert nurses at 37% and there are Main Expert Nurses as much as 4%. The results of the activities through the Workshop showed an increase in the capacity of nurses regarding EBNP who previously had very poor knowledge of 19 people (63.3%) and increased to very good knowledge of 12 people (40.0%). Nurses who initially lacked knowledge increased to 3 people (10.0%) with good knowledge, but there were still 7 people (23.3%) who lacked knowledge. However, not all nurses have participated in the EBNP workshop, so it is necessary to conduct a workshop for the next generation so that all nurses can carry out nursing interventions based on evidence-based.