FORMATION OF BIOLOGICAL FILMS OF MICROORGANISMS ON VARIOUS SURFACES OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Kononenko A.B. , Bannikova D.A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Pavlova I.B. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Britova S.V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation, Savinova E.P. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences» Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The article presents material on the results of experimental studies on the formation of biofilms by microorganisms of individual taxonomic groups on various surfaces of objects of the environment. The time and degree of biofilm formation, as well as the dependence on the type of surface and bacteria, were established. The cultures of the genera Salmonella, E. coli, Yersinia, Proteus, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus were used in the work. To study the formation of biofilms, 24-hour cultures of S-form microorganisms grown on solid or in liquid nutrient media were used. Test objects were stained with 0,1% crystalline violet solution for 15 minutes, unbound dye was washed off with physiological saline or distilled water. Test objects were placed on filter paper and dried. Then 200 microliters of 96% ethanol were added to extract the paint from the film and the optical density was measured on a KFK-3KM spectrophotometer at wavelength of 590 nm. It was found that conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microorganisms form a biofilm on both smooth and rough abiotic surfaces within 48 hours. Moreover, the intensity of biofilm formation on rough surfaces is higher than on smooth ones by 15...30%. Among the studied microorganisms, the most intensive development of biofilm was observed in Ps. cultures. aeruginosa and Pr. vulgaris. Biofilms pose a potential danger of contamination of feed, food raw materials and, most importantly, food products, since they can exist for a long time on a wide variety of surfaces of production facilities of the respective enterprises.