bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical study on the gingival and osseointegration of some medical devices from dental implant category at the level of the oral cavity – preliminary analysis (part I)
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, „Dunarea de Jos” University, Galati, Romania, Marcu Teodora , Mihai Augustin ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Burlibasa Mihai ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Cristache Corina Marilena ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Perieanu Viorel ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Nitescu Mihaela ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Perieanu Madalina ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Malita Madalina ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Costea Radu ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Neagoe Ioana-Cristina ,   University of Pitesti, Romania, Babiuc Iuliana ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Dragan Constantin Florin ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Burlibasa Liliana ,   Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Romania, Tanase Gabriela ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ionescu Ileana ,   ”Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Moraru Liliana ,   ”Titu Maiorescu” University, Bucharest, Romania
Published: June 2021

Introduction. In order to achieve the goals of oral implantology, it is of great importance to obtain tissue integration (bone and epithelial) of dental implants. Bone integration has the role of rigidly fixing the dental implant at the level of the supporting bone, while ensuring the transfer of masticatory forces to the neighboring bone, while the soft tissues integration has the role of creating a barrier around these medical devices, with the role of protecting the underlying bone and preventing the access of microorganisms. Purpose. In this material we wanted to perform a statistical analysis on the gingival integration and osseointegration of dental implants in the oral cavity. Material and method. The analysis was performed on a number of 21 patients with a total of 97 dental implants, approximately one year after the prosthetic loading of the implants. The analysis was based on bleeding index, gingival index but also on the depth of the peri-implant canal and bone resorption around the implant. Results and discussions. Most of the implants analyzed showed no signs of inflammation. A small number (less than 30%) showed incipient signs of inflammation, falling within the data in the literature. Conclusions. Early detection of tissue changes around the implant and proper treatment will reduce the risk of more serious injuries and implant failure.
Protecting and Restoring Queensland's Coastal Wetlands
Authors: Hamman Evan , Purandare Jemma , Pointon Revel
Published: June 2021

Coastal wetlands provide vital ecosystem services, including nutrient cycling, disaster risk reduction, and habitat for biodiversity, including shorebirds, seabirds, turtles and fish. How we design and implement policy approaches for the conservation of coastal wetlands and these ecosystem services matters enormously. This article joins a growing trend of literature that seeks to not only identify the importance of coastal wetlands, but also to consider how best to devise policy measures for their protection and restoration. The article focuses on Queensland’s coastal wetlands and suggests that the state has a real opportunity to become a national leader in wetland restoration. For that to occur, new legislative measures may be required to address issues such as tenure, land access, planning and risk management.
Judicial Activism and Constitutional (Mis) Interpretation
Authors: M Sakr Johnny , Zimmermann Augusto
Published: June 2021

In this article, the authors explore the concept of judicial activism and its application in the Australian domestic cases of Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd v Commonwealth and Love v Commonwealth, and in the US case of Obergefell v Hodges. The article highlights the devastating effects of judicial activism on legal interpretation, arguing that such activism compromises the doctrine of separation of powers and affects the realisation of the rule of law, resulting in a method ofinterpretation that incorporates personal biases and political opinion, thus ignoring the original intent of the framers of the Australian Constitution. Moreover, the article highlights that implementing a federal Bill of Rights might further exacerbate these ongoing problems concerning judicial activism in Australia.
High-energy Emission from Tidal Disruption Events in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Chan Chi-Ho , Piran Tsvi , Krolik Julian H.
Published: June 2021

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) taking place in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are different from ordinary TDEs. In these events, the returning tidal debris stream drills through the preexisting AGN accretion disk near the stream pericenter, destroying the inner disk in the process, and then intersects with the disk a second time at radii ranging from a few times to hundreds of times the pericenter distance. The debris dynamics of such TDEs, and hence their appearance, are distinct from those of ordinary TDEs. Here we explore the observational signatures of this “second impact” of the stream with the disk. Strong shocks form as the dilute stream is stopped by the denser disk. Compton cooling of the shocked material produces hard X-rays and even soft γ-rays, with most of the energy emitted between ∼10 keV and 1 MeV. The luminosity follows the mass-return rate, peaking between ∼1042 and 1044 erg s−1. The X-ray hardness and the smoothness of the light curve provide possible means for distinguishing the second impact from ordinary AGN flares, which exhibit softer spectra and more irregular light curves.
Experience of using the NALCO 1392 scale inhibitor in the circulating water supply system of the Novovoronezh NPP
Authors: Dronov Dmitry M. , Gontovoy Aleksandr V. , Sarkisyan Yelena N. , Karandeeva Natalya V.
Published: June 2021

Power facilities use large amounts of water to cool steam in the steam turbine condensers, and lubricating oils, gas and air in turbine sets. The key requirement for the quality of cooling water is to ensure normal vacuum in condensers. Cooling water must not form mineral and biological deposits and corrosion products in the system. Deposits of mineral salts in the condenser tube system, as well as in auxiliary cooling systems, lead to deterioration in heat exchange and a major decrease in the cost effectiveness of the power equipment operation, and require the heat-exchange equipment to be periodically cleaned. The source water used for cooling is normally taken from nearby water bodies (large rivers or lakes). Circulating water supply systems are used most commonly: these systems use repeatedly the same water inventory for cooling, and require only small amounts of water added to make up for evaporation losses. Coolers, in this case, are cooling towers, spray pools and evaporation ponds. The water chemistry should ensure the operation of equipment without any damage to its components or the loss of efficiency caused by the corrosion of the internal surfaces as well as without scale and sludge formation. It is exactly when using circulating water supply that a stabilizing treatment program is the most practicable way to ensure a cost-effective and environmentally friendly mode of operation. To inhibit scaling processes on the heat-exchange surfaces of the turbine condenser tubes at the Novovoronezh NPP’s unit 5, the cooling water was treated with the NALCO 1392 inhibitor. The results of the NALCO 1392 inhibitor pilot tests in the circulating water supply system (with a cooling pool) are presented.
Graphical-Based Authentication System and Its Applications
Authors: Golar Priti , Khandelwal Brijesh
Published: June 2021

Authentication systems are the protective barrier of any software. They make sure that the right people enter the system and access the right information. As per available literature, there are basically three authentication techniques. This research study is based on the knowledge-based authentication, since it is the most widely accepted technique for securing resources from unauthorized access. As an initial step, the existing knowledge-based authentication system has been studied for its highlights, comparative facts, advantages, and disadvantages. For acceptance of any secure system, the usability aspect is the first step in the authentication process. The various usability evaluation parameters of the existing systems and an approach towards developing a modified usable authentication system have been briefly discussed. An initial lab study for the proposed system was conducted to analyze the comparative results. The future scope of other dimensions, namely randomness and security, as well as a thorough investigation, has been highlighted as the research work's concluding remark.
Pilgrimage Routes to Happiness
Authors: Latusi Sabrina , Fissore Massimiliano
Published: June 2021

The chapter investigates the topic of happiness and quality of life in the slow-tourism context, with specific reference to the pilgrimage tourism phenomenon. The Camino de Santiago and the Via Francigena are analysed through explorative research with the aim of understanding the effects of pilgrimage on individuals' levels of well-being and its implications for peoples' lives. The results reveal several differences in motivations and benefits obtained according to the pilgrimage road undertaken, with a more existential connotation tied to personal happiness in the Camino de Santiago pilgrim group and a more experiential connotation tied to wellness in the Via Francigena pilgrim group. These findings provide new insights into contemporary pilgrimages in a comparative perspective.
Hotel Amenities and Hidden Costs Associated With eSports Tourism in the Ukraine
Authors: Lebedeva Nadezhda Anatolievna
Published: June 2021

eSports as viewed through sports tourism is a viable business within the hospitality industry. Understandings around the creation of hotels that cater to eSports gamers and eSports competitions offer the opportunity towards enhanced venue operation and attractiveness at the global scale. This discussion is focused upon the Ukraine, specifically focusing upon the Black Sea and Azov Sea costs, in particular the Kherson region. A discussion around the understanding of eSports as viewed through the hospitality industry interest, as well as the potentials towards embracing hotels that cater to eSports gamers and events within the Kherson region, is offered through the view of knowledgeable hospitality professionals. Included in the discussion are the eSports-focused desirable amenities and potentials associated with hidden costs within eSports hotels.
The Assessment of Actions of the Environment and the Impact of Preventive Medicine for Public Health in Poland
Authors: Rosiek Anna
Published: June 2021

This chapter describes how the actions of the medical environment is aiming to improve the health of society can and must be seen on many levels. The author refers to the organizational, ethical, legal and psychological aspects. Also covered are not only patients' education, but also the scope of functioning healthcare organization, which adapts to the needs of the changing environment e.g. requirements of the patient, the development of technology, advances in medicine. Public health problems appear as complex components of the system and cannot be dealt with by a single, simple intervention, whether perceived by the prism of a single feature or element, but must be perceived as influencing factors in the system e.g. several attributes, factors. These together may potentially be used in the future to generate better health outcomes or the functioning of the entire health system in the areas of health sciences, medicine or public health.
An Ensemble Model With Genetic Algorithm for Classification of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Verma Pratibha , Awasthi Vineet Kumar , Sahu Sanat Kumar
Published: June 2021

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common form of heart disease and has become the primary reason for death. A correct and on-time diagnosis of CAD is very important. Diagnosis of CAD being a strenuous activity, scientists have planned different intelligent diagnostic frameworks for improved CAD diagnosis. Still, low CAD classification accuracy is an issue in these frameworks. In this paper, the authors propose a feature selection technique (FST) that utilizes a genetic algorithm (GA) with J48 classifier as the objective function to choose adequate features for better CAD classification accuracy. After feature removal, classification frameworks are used (i.e., artificial neural network [ANN]) like multilayer perceptron network (MLP), radial basis function network (RBFN), ANN-based ensemble model (ANN-EM), and deep neural network (DNN). Finally, this research proposes an integrated model of GA and ANN-EM for classification of CAD.
Impact of Financial Management Practices on Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises – Legitimacy Theory Perspectives
Authors: Tharmini T. , Lakshan A. M. I.
Published: June 2021

The study aims to find out the impact of financial management practices (FMPs) on performance of Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Sri Lanka from the lens of the Legitimacy Theory. Primary data was collected from the SME owners/managers. Self-administered questionnaires were issued to collect data. The sample was selected through stratified simple random sampling method from the registered SMEs. Data were analyzed and evaluated by using Descriptive Statistics, Independent sample t-test, Correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results revealed that Accounting Information System, Financial reporting and analysis has moderate level adoption, Working capital management has high level adoption and Financial planning and control has low level of adoption in SMEs. Further, Financial reporting and analysis and Working capital management is significantly impact on the performance of SMEs. Accounting Information system and financial planning and control is not significantly impact on performance of SMEs. The findings revealed that there is a significant difference in the application of FMPs among small sized enterprises and medium sized enterprises. FMPs are highly applied by medium sized enterprises than small sized enterprises. The study also found out that lack of accounting knowledge and cost of hiring professional accountants are the major challenges faced by SMEs to adopt the FMPs. Eventually, this study recommends to SME owners to adopt FMPs (at a higher level) and government and other regulatory bodies to create suitable policies and standards to mitigate the challenges. SMEs practice important FMPs to obtain the society's impression as social responsible organizations (in terms of legitimacy within ‘social contract’). Accordingly, application of FMPs aims to legitimise company behaviour by ensuring the profitability, survival and growth to influence the society’s perceptions about the SMEs by way of higher number of employments, use of domestic raw materials and payment of taxes. This study contributes to the theory by bringing in SMEs perspectives in to the Legitimacy theory. Further, it contributes to practice and literature by carrying new insights on the impact of FMPs on performance of SMEs in the Sri Lankan context.
الوأد صانعًا للهويَّة: صور المرأة المُعَنَّفة في خطاب الأمثال العربية
Authors: صغيّر بن غريّب بن عبدالله العنزي صغيّر بن غريّب بن عبدالله العنزي
Published: June 2021

. تضطلع الأمثال بمهام تربوية تَدين بها الجماعة التي تتداولها، وتسهم في صناعة توجهاتها القيمية والثقافية، وقد مكّنتها هذه المقبولية الجمعية من احتضان أشد التصورات حصانة ضد المساءلة والتمحيص، فكان من نتائج ذلك أن أولتها الدراسات المشتغلة بالنقد الثقافي أهمية خاصة. تندرج الإشكالية التي تتناولها الدراسة ضمن هذا الإطار؛ إذ تعنى بمكاشفة التصوّرات التي تقدّمها الأمثال وقصصها عن المرأة، بغية الإمساك بالأسس التي انبنت عليها، ومناقشة بواعثها وآثارها. ومما تفترضه الدراسة أن الوأد بمعناه العام القائم على النفي والإلغاء كان مكوّنا أصيلا في صناعة هوية المرأة، وهو ما يقتضي منّا أن نعمل على الكشف عن مظاهر الوأد، واشتغالاته الممتدة، والحيل الثقافية التي برر بها ممارساته في تصفية المرأة جسديًّا ومعنويًّا. ومن أبرز النتائج التي قاد إليها البحث أن صناعة المخيال الجنسي عن المرأة في الأمثال والقصص المرافقة لها من أبرز المكونات التي استندت إليها الثقافة، ممثلة في رموزها المتَّبعة، في ترسيخ هوية المرأة المريبة، وفي هذه الهوّة المتخيلة وَأَدَتْها ثقافيًّا بعد أن وأدتها واقعيًّا، واختزلت وجودها وإمكاناتها، وسوّغت العنف تجاهها.
Escolha pela docência: estudo com egressos de uma Licenciatura em Matemática do interior do Ceará
Authors: Pinto Laydianne da Silva , Sousa Francisco Edisom Eugenio de , Melo Carlos Ian Bezerra de
Published: June 2021

O ensino da Matemática passa por transformações significativas quanto à formação docente, mesmo que ainda não suficientes para suprir a carência de professores habilitados para essa função, sendo a atual LDB um marco para mudanças nesse cenário, ao exigir formação a nível superior para a docência. A partir das demandas dessa lei, em 2002 foi implantado o curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central da Universidade Estadual do Ceará (FECLESC/UECE), a fim de reduzir a carência de docentes nessa região do interior do Ceará, tendo o referido curso mais de 15 anos de atuação e formado 91 professores. Nesse contexto, discutindo a docência e elementos relacionados à sua escolha enquanto profissão, esta pesquisa, configurada como um estudo de caso qualitativo, objetivou investigar se os egressos desse curso estão, de fato, atuando como docentes e, mais especialmente, o que os levou a optar ou não pela docência. Por meio da aplicação de um questionário junto a 50 ex-alunos do curso, obtivemos que 29 estão atuando na docência e 7 em cargos de gestão escolar; dentre os que não exercem a profissão, 14 não optaram pela carreira e apenas 1 está desempregado. Para nossos sujeitos, o ingresso na profissão docente foi pautado, principalmente, no gosto pela profissão. A pesquisa contribuiu para sabermos quais aspectos estão relacionados à escolha pela docência, permitindo refletir sobre a inserção no magistério e os desafios da educação.
The Influence of Quarantine on Thai Highschool Students’ Productivity
Authors:   Saint Joseph Convent School, Bangkok, Thailand, Paisarntanawat Nunt
Published: June 2021

Due to the current pandemic of COVID-19 which rendered many public and crowded places closed for safety measures and preventing further spreading of the mentioned disease. One of the places closed as a safety precaution is schools. And because of this, many high school students’ education is put on pause as they are encouraged to stay at home. Moreover, citizens other than students are obliged to stay at home and engage in minimal contact with the outside world. From this, we are introduced to the word quarantine which is an official term describing the act of imposing isolation on individuals or a group of individuals; consequently, most adults and parents fear that this will affect their children’s productivity especially that they are in high school and very close to transitioning to universities and adulthood. As thai highschoolers, we wanted to put this belief to the test by conducting this research which focuses mainly on assessing the effects of quarantine on thai high school students’ productivity in terms of self care, education,and contribution to others. Our goal is to disprove the assumption held by many that quarantine would lead to decrement of high school students’ productivity. Interestingly, our thesis was proven true and our thought processes and procedures will be further elaborated in this research paper.
Assessing Impacts of Payment for Forest Environmental Service Policy in Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam
Authors:   Vienam National University of Agriculture, Le Nguyen Phuong
Published: June 2021

The policy of payment for forest environmental services (PFES) has been implemented in Vietnam since 2011 and in Hoa Binh province since 2013. This policy has had certain impacts on improvement of local people living standard as well as on forest protection and development. Based on secondary and primary information collected in Mai Chau district, Da Bac district and Hoa Binh city, this paper analyzes the economic, social and environmental impacts of PFES on the forestry sector in general and forest owners in particular. The study showed that although money that was received from PFES by households was very small in their overall income, revenue of Commune People’s Committees communities was so large that it could help them to purchase equipment for forest protection and development. Thanks to PFES, forest area and forest cover rate of Hoa Binh province have been markedly increased.
INFLUÊNCIA DA LIDERANÇA NO “TURN-OVER” DE EQUIPE DA ÁREA DE PROJETOS – RIO DE JANEIRO-BRASIL
Authors: Silva Sérgio Henrique Pereira Rodrigues , Gonçales Filho Manoel
Published: June 2021

Este artigo apresenta os estilos de lideranças aplicados na equipe de projetos por uma empresa de mineração sob o ponto de vista dos ex-colaboradores, e compara-los com recomendações identificadas na literatura. Para coletar as informações utilizou-se do banco de dados do Google Acadêmico e da base de dados do PECEGE-ESALQ-USP na qual encontrou-se uma série de documentos científicos que embasaram o estudo de caso único realizado com seis ex-colaboradores da empresa em estudo. Foi por meio de questionário com perguntas abertas e entrevistas semiestruturadas que as informações do campo foram coletadas e analisadas para serem comparadas com a bibliografia relacionada. O objetivo deste trabalho está em verificar os estilos de liderança presentes na área de engenharia de projetos e a partir dos resultados sugerir um estilo de liderança para a empresa. Os principais estilos empregados na organização em estudo são: autoritário, liberal, democrático e situacional. Os estudos apontam, principalmente, uma ausência de valorização individual e um ambiente de trabalho com possibilidades de apresentar melhores resultados. Contudo, a principal e real contribuição deste trabalho é propor os estilos situacional, democrático e transformacional, como sendo os mais eficientes para a área de engenharia de projetos de uma empresa de mineração situada no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Achieving equitable outcomes through games: using board games for civic engagement in scenario planning
Authors:   e, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, United States, Lee Ming-Chun
Published: June 2021

Scenario planning is a method that tests development alternatives and their impacts on achieving community goals. This planning method influences growth policy and development regulations and is useful in communications between different departments in the government and the subsequent trade-offs are significant to be able to communicate with the general public. City of Charlotte has been using scenario planning to work with local communities to develop the Charlotte Future 2040 Comprehensive Plan. The City is using a game called Growing Better Places to engage with residents and collect inputs for the Comprehensive Plan and for participants to learn about prioritizing growth and its impacts. The results of each game were combined to make three growth scenarios to show how Charlotte could grow. These scenarios in turn played a central role in assisting the City to adjust their general land use planning strategies. This study investigates those operational issues behind this game and the ability of the City to continually engage with local communities during the planning process.
From residential village to heritage marketplace: evaluation morphological transformation and their use consequences over time in the historic settlement of Al-Wakran, Qatar
Authors:   Qatar University, Doha, Qatar, Khan Abida , Major Mark ,   Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
Published: June 2021

Many people consider Al Wakrah to be a distinctive settlement for cultural heritage in the State of Qatar. Based on archaeological evidence, the area of Al Wakrah was perhaps the first urban center of Qatar. Originally a fishing and pearling village like the capital city of Doha, globalization and rapid urbanization also characterized the development of Al Wakrah over the last halfcentury, leading to a remarkable transformation in the morphology of the settlement. The paper studies this morphological transformation of Al Wakrah and the consequences for socioeconomic and functional use. In doing so, the paper offers some clarity about the identity and dynamics of Al Wakrah as a traditional heritage district today; specifically, Souq Al Wakrah. We explore this within the context of traditional marketplaces in general, and souqs in the Arab States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region in particular. The study explores the symbiotic relationship between urban morphology, land use, and function in settlement form. The purpose is to develop a deeper understanding of urban changes and expansion on the use and experience of Souq Wakrah as a public place today. Researchers apply several representational techniques standard in morphological studies, including analysis of urban spatial networks using space syntax. The findings of the paper indicate the design and planning nature of Souq Wakrah as a contemporary heritage re-creation. It contrasts with more straightforward examples of historic preservation and restoration in other traditional marketplaces of Qatar itself and elsewhere in the world. This situation arose due to the nearcomplete demolition of most historic structures in Al Wakrah during the recent past, except for a few isolated examples. However, a few important ‘traces’ of Al Wakrah’s morphological history remain consistent over time, despite the dramatic transformations in the rest of the settlement over time. The paper concludes by discussing the potential implications for design and planning policy in the protection and preservation of historic resources in the State of Qatar. It argues for the critical importance of developing a clear understanding of the relationship between form, function, and the urban context of such places in future preservation projects.
Research on land space optimisation based on dual evaluation from the perspective of human-earth relations
Authors:   Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning and Design Institute Co. LTD, China, Dianhong Zhao
Published: June 2021

"double evaluation" (assessment of carrying capacity of resources and environment and suitability of land space development), as an important tool to identify the shortcomings of resources and environment and the risks of construction and development in the development and utilization of land space, provides a basic basis for supporting land space planning and implementing comprehensive land improvement projects. From the perspective of human-land relationship, this paper explores the dialectical relationship between the natural environment behind the dual evaluation and human social and economic activities, and discusses how the integration result of the dual evaluation and the optimization scheme of the territorial space pattern connect scientifically and reasonably. In a prefecture-level city prefecture of a province province as a case, the reasonable requirements of human production and living into land demand parameters, combined with multiple stakeholders of negotiations, focusing on the adjacent regional conflicts and coordination function, major disaster prevention engineering, state domain perfect traffic network pattern characteristics and regional development strategy, constantly checking and optimization, to enhance robustness optimization results, for national spatial optimization and provide material basis and guarantee for sustainable economic and social development
Lessons from Iranian hot cities for future hot cities
Authors:   Islamic Azad university of Tehran, Iran, Iranmanesh Nasim
Published: June 2021

Iran is an ancient country with an old civilization. Most parts of this country have been located in hot and dry region. Many cities of Iran suffer from harsh climate and water scarcity both. But we notice a rich urban planning and architecture in these cities which were adapted with this hard situation. We can survey this adaptation in many aspects of traditional urban planning and architecture in Iran. They could build some building with a good energy saving and prepared some spaces with suitable condition for living. Desert has a harsh climate with hot days and cold nights but Iranians build their houses in such a way to keep warm temperature during nights in their walls and then it had cold walls in days to reduce the temperature of the rooms. Besides they divided their homes to two parts, one part for winter and the second for summer. In summer part they used wind tower to catch and bring the wind into rooms. These houses had central yards which contained pool and plants to reduce the temperature of hot days as well. Briefly, there is a special climatic design in traditional houses of hot cities of Iran. Urban planning of these cities respected some features to reduce the effect hot climate as well. For example, there was a dense urban fabric in these cities with narrow lanes. Also, they could achieve the problem of limitation of water by some intellectual technology which called Qanat. Locating of most of the urban elements of cities obeyed from these Qanats. This Qanat provided drinkable water of city and citizens used water by some traditional hydraulic structures such as water reservoir or baths or ice house and so on. Nowadays sustainable design in architecture and urban planning is an important and essential paradigm. This paradigm emphasized on adapting with nature instead destroying it. Traditional architecture and urban planning of these Iranian cities of hot and dry climate contains a lot of features which can be useful for urban development of future hot cities which will be developed by sustainable urban planning paradigm. This paper reviews some features in traditional urban planning and architecture as some useful lessons for recent and future hot cities. Indeed, there are some aspects in these cities which can lead us a more sustainability in urban planning specially for hot cities.
One metropolis, two scenarios. Sustainable urban development contraddictions in the metropolitan area of Lima
Authors:   Universidad Ricardo Palma, Peru, Torres Sally
Published: June 2021

Despite the new urban planning thinking and legislation evolution since 2016 towards sustainable development, in practice, there is a limited legal framework for planning which makes it more challenging for local governments. As a result, two main scenarios have taken place in the Metropolitan Area of Lima: the unsustainable urban growth at the metropolitan level, and sustainable urban development building at the local level. In an attempt to contextualize the current state of Lima’s territorial planning, the research captures the nature and trajectory of this contradiction to conduct the various trade-offs inherent in sustainable urban development. The results show that urban planning unawareness, and fragmented governance without continuity across government periods, have led to distrust at the metropolitan level diminishing its urban development towards social and environmentally sustainable development. However, integrated planning and collaborative governance with stakeholders enabled the strengthening of resilience with risk mitigation in informal urban settlements at the local level. The research concludes that new transformations call for new behaviors. Consequently, appropriate collaborative governance becomes a collective power for sustainable urban development growth.
Study on the comprehensive computational thinking transformation of urban planning discipline in the era of big data
Authors:   U School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhu Haixuan , Jia Xiaoyu ,   U School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Que Pengluo ,   U School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Hou Xiaoyu ,   U School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology
Published: June 2021

In the era of big data, with the development of computer technology, especially the comprehensive popularization of mobile terminal device and the gradual construction of the Internet of Things, the urban physical environment and social environment have been comprehensively digitized and quantified. Computational thinking mode has gradually become a new thinking mode for human beings to recognize and govern urban complex system. Meanwhile computational urban science has become the main discipline development aspect of modern urban planning. Computational thinking is the thinking of computer science using algorithms based on time complexity and space complexity, which provides a new paradigm for the construction of index system, data collection, data storage, data analysis, pattern recognition, dynamic governance in the process of scientific planning and urban management. Based on this, this paper takes the computational thinking mode of urban planning discipline in big data era as the research object, takes the scientific construction of computational urban planning as the research purpose, and adopts literature research methods and interdisciplinary research methods, comprehensively studies the connotation of the computing thinking mode of computer science. Meanwhile, this paper systematically discusses the system construction of urban computing, model generation, the theory and method of digital twinning, as well as the popularization of the computational thinking mode of urban and rural planning discipline and the scientific research of computational urban planning, which responds to the needs of the era of the development of urban and rural planning disciplines in the era of big data.
Cultural heritage: an urban memoir towards Idanre city prosperity
Authors:   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria, Esan Oluwasegun
Published: June 2021

The present tasks facing most of the cities in Nigeria is over reliance on crude oil. The task ahead is to ensure cities function properly and cater for its inhabitants adequately. Several efforts to diversify and develop other sectors of the economy over the last two decades yielded little result. The crash in global crude oil economy is compelling Nigerian cities to explore alternative source of income. At this crucial time, a closer look at creative industry to leverage on heritage resources is being explored. The paper examines precious Idanre heritage as a developmental tool towards urban prosperity. Idanre is a relatively small and historic town in Ondo State situated at the foot of scenic Idanre hills with unique cultural heritage and propensity to attract diverse tourist locally and internationally. The study adopts qualitative research approach through purposive interview and focus group discussion. Community participation will permit inclusive planning for the city. This research findings include 1350AD ancient palace on the hill: unique Orogho, Usalu and Udale quarters; Orosun Sacred Groove and Festival; Agaga Hills; Idanre Forest Reserve; and small-scale Cocoa Agricultural Estates. Community consensus identified heritage memorabilia, cottage industry, small scale local chocolate industry, community sacred forest tour guides and Orosun festival as to enhance the prosperity of the town. Conclusively, community opinion, cultural custodians, traditional rulers, heritage tourists were various elements of Idanre city system as Idanre city is tied to its heritage resources. The legibility of Idanre city is influenced by heritage resources as the collective memory that can be translated into urban prosperity. This paper recommends that innovation capacity and citizenry interaction are fundamental for desired Idanre prosperity through a robust heritage resource deeply rooted in creative industry rooted in heritage resources. Government need to promote the development of cultural heritage and creative industries. Furthermore, urban planning policies should be in favour of mixed-use, well defined and connected spatial clusters within the urban network. An integrated and comprehensive strategy is also needed for the development of creative industries.
Bali: towards a green island
Authors:   Green Building Council Indonesia, Bali, Halim Deddy Kurniawan , Setiawan Ida Bagus ,   Office of Energy & Mineral Resources, Bali,
Published: June 2021

On the 28 October 2019, the Government of Bali issued a Governor Ordinance No. 45/2019 prioritising(?)clean energy as the solution to the energy crisis in Bali. This crisis has been further exaserbated by the covid 19 pandemic which has decimated the Islands economy in particular, tourism, its primary industry. This has forced Bali to change its tourism orientation from urban tourism to rural tourismpromoting homestay, a shift which will signifcantly influence renewable energy planning for the Island. There are only two solar power plants on the island; one in Bangli and one in Karangasem each with 1 MWp on-Grid capacity. In addition there is a small hydro power plant in Buleleng with 1,95 MWp capacity, with existing rooftop PV power plant in the community generates around 1.3 MWp and 0.07 MWp off-grid. This leaves the Island with a signficant shortfall and must, in acocrdance with the Ordinance, be met through the promotion of community uptake of solar panel for homes and buildings. This paper presents the of the strategic planning approach used by a special task force supervisory team of Bali Clean Energy to implement the Ordinance for the island
Assessing the built environment of neighborhood in the winter city from the perspective of pupils' commuting safety
Authors:   School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Leng Hong , Zhao Huimin ,   School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zou Chunyu ,   School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology
Published: June 2021

Safety commuting environment can promote children’s walking and cycling, thus reducing the risk of obesity and other diseases. Most of the existing studies on children’s safety focus on open space, but pay little attention to children's commuting environment. Moreover, few studies pay attention to the differences between open blocks and gated communities in winter city. Taking Harbin, a winter city in China, as an example, this study uses the optimized IPA method to explore the built environment factors affecting pupils’ commuting safety from three aspects: environment design, social management and road traffic. The results show that the influencing factors of road traffic have the highest impact on pupils‘ commuting safety. In addition, the occupation management in social management also has a great impact. In terms of satisfaction, the satisfaction with gated communities is generally higher than that with open blocks, but the satisfaction of open block is higher in neighbourhood relationship and street thermal environment. By coupling the importance and satisfaction of influencing factors, it is found that safety guardrail, signal identification, occupation management are in urgent need of renovation.
Promotion path of liveable quality in old town in big city based on social dimension. A case study of Wuhan in China
Authors:   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Geng Hong ,   China, Li Jiajia ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology; China
Published: June 2021

Based on the social dimension, this paper constructed an analytical framework for the improvement of livable quality in the old urban areas of large cities, and took the old urban areas of Wuhan as the research area to analyze the development difficulties faced by the old urban areas of Wuhan by means of field investigation, interview and questionnaire survey. The research shows that the rapid expansion of Wuhan city not only promotes the renewal of the old city, but also gives rise to a series of problems, such as the contradiction between social resources and human needs caused by the change of social structure, the reconstruction of social relations breaking the original social stability, and the loss of urban vitality caused by the shaping of urban characteristics. Therefore, based on the social perspective, this paper analyzes the social problems and their forming mechanism in the livable development of the old urban areas of large cities, puts forward the path framework for improving the livable quality of the old urban areas of large cities, and discusses the strategies for improving the livable quality of the old urban areas with examples to promote the livable development of the old urban areas of large cities.
Sustainable architecture and urban design: a tool towards resilient built environment
Authors:   TT Architects, London, Sijakovic Milan , Peric Ana ,   ETH Zurich, Institute for Spatial and Landscape Development
Published: June 2021

Simply understood as ‘seeking opportunities out of crises’, resilience seems to be a universal approach to cope with contemporary global challenges, such as changing climate, rapid urbanisation, loss of biodiversity, migrations, etc. As a majority of the current problems are of urban origin – i.e. they emerge in cities, where they also cause significant consequences on people, ecosystems and infrastructures, it is a city and its territorial sub-elements (district, neighbourhood, site, and building) that provide a prolific field for exploring the mechanisms towards resilient governance, planning and design. Under such an overarching agenda of urban resilience, in this paper, we focus on exploring the components of architectural and urban design as a tool for mitigating climate change. More precisely, as carbon dioxide emitted from the built environment is released into the atmosphere at an unprecedented rate, we explore the design patterns that help reduce CO2 emissions to finally lessen the vulnerability index of urban systems. Scrutinising the relationship between the climate change and construction industry, we elucidate the concepts like sustainable construction, green buildings, and design for climate, among others. Finally, through the assessment of the adaptive reuse project in London, this paper identifies strategies of sustainable architectural and urban design aimed at curbing the effects of climate change and helping increase urban resilience.
Spatial behaviour and healthy aging. A GPS-ased study of the older residents in Shanghai
Authors:   Age-friendly Community Research Centre, Tongji University, China, Bu Jiatian , Yu Yifan ,   Faculty of Urban Planning, Tongji University, China
Published: June 2021

The spatial behavior of elderlies is essentially the result of interactions between people and the environment. In order to explore a demand-responsive spatial intervention through new types of data from the perspective of urban planning, this study attempts to identify the differentiated trip features within the aged group, and proceed to gain a further understanding of their daily trip pattern, trip chain, and daytime activity sequence . 76 older residents from a typical public housing neighborhood in Shanghai were asked to carry an Android Phone for 102 consecutive days. By collecting and analyzing the trajectory data, we found that even in a highly consistent social and physical environment, there are still significant differences among the elderlies’ daily activities, mainly existing in the age and gender aspects. The research indicates that elderlies’ daily trip patterns are related to the starting point, effective interval, travel time, and the physical conditions of the individuals.
Waterfront yrban regeneration in post-industrial Shanghai: plublicness and policy suggestions for making more inclusive public spaces
Authors:   Tongji University, China, Wang Yiming , Chen Jie ,   Tongji University, China
Published: June 2021

Waterfront areas in the city were occupied by industrial factories and freight ports in industrial age because of their convenience for transporting materials and resources by waterway. In the post-industrial era, as the role of the city gradually shifts from the ‘production centre’ to ‘consumption centre’, redeveloping waterfront industrial areas has become a global trend. In China, the city of Shanghai begins to redevelop its waterfront industrial areas since 2002. A main goal of the redevelopment in Shanghai is to ‘return the river to the public’, namely to open up the enclosed industrial compounds and transform industrial sites in the waterfront areas to public spaces. Focusing on the waterfront redevelopment and regeneration in Shanghai, this paper quantitatively assesses the publicness and quality of the newly created public spaces in three selected waterfront areas in the city. Drawing on the results of the empirical assessments, the paper argues that Shanghai has not achieved its goal of returning the river to the public yet. In response, the paper proposes some suggestions for policy-making aiming at improving the publicness and inclusiveness of public spaces in post-industrial redevelopment areas in Shanghai and other cities in the global south.
Application research of the Chinese traditional ecological wisdom
Authors:   Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning & Design Institute, China, Zhao Qian
Published: June 2021

In the transition period of China's urbanization rate reached 60%, the excessive stage from the traditional industrial civilization to ecological civilization is the inevitable choice. In the transition period, we cannot only absorb the western development experiences of eco-city, but also should combine China's traditional ecological wisdom from the agricultural civilization during thousands of years. In this paper, the author analyses the concept and origin of traditional ecological wisdom, the related research status and development trend at home and abroad. Collect and select the technique or technology which is full of ecological value or representative, the ecological engineering which is time tested or benefited by ten thousand generations in certain region of China, establish a case base of the Chinese traditional ecological wisdom. On this basis, research the ecological concept, principles, strategies and methods of these cases. Construct a set of system principle to concise wisdom and draw the outline of urban soul. Finally, combining with China's environmental problems since the industrialization and the various problems encountered in the process of ecological city construction, to explore how to use the ecological wisdom spectrum guiding the sustainable studies, planning, design and management of the contemporary urban. Through the study of this article, it has the theory significance by constructing the principle of traditional ecological wisdom. It has the cultural meaning by inheritancing the traditional culture essence. It also has the practical significance by discovering the power source of the eco-city construction in the future.