bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mining for Protoclusters at z ∼ 4 from Photometric Data Sets with Deep Learning
Authors: Takeda Yoshihiro , Kashikawa Nobunari , Ito Kei , Toshikawa Jun , Momose Rieko , Fujiwara Kent , Liang Yongming , Ishimoto Rikako , Yoshioka Takehiro , Arita Junya , Kubo Mariko , Uchiyama Hisakazu
Published: December 2024

Protoclusters are high-z overdense regions that will evolve into clusters of galaxies by z = 0, making them ideal for studying galaxy evolution expected to be accelerated by environmental effects. However, it has been challenging to identify protoclusters beyond z = 3 only by photometry due to large redshift uncertainties hindering statistical study. To tackle the issue, we develop a new deep-learning-based protocluster detection model, PCFNet, which considers a protocluster as a point cloud. To detect protoclusters at z ∼ 4 using only optical broadband photometry, we train and evaluate PCFNet with mock g-dropout galaxies based on the N-body simulation with the semianalytic model. We use the sky distribution, i-band magnitude, (g − i) color, and the redshift probability density function surrounding a target galaxy on the sky. PCFNet detects 5 times more protocluster member candidates while maintaining high purity (recall = 7.5% ± 0.2%, precision = 44% ± 1%) than conventional methods. Moreover, PCFNet is able to detect more progenitors (

M

halo

z
=
0

=

10

14
−
14.5

M

⊙

) that are less massive than supermassive clusters like the Coma cluster. We apply PCFNet to the observational photometric data set of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey Program Deep/UltraDeep layer (∼17 deg2) and detect 121 protocluster candidates at z ∼ 4. We find that the rest-UV luminosities of our protocluster member candidates are brighter than those of field galaxies, which is consistent with previous studies. Additionally, the quenching of satellite galaxies depends on both the core galaxy’s halo mass at z ∼ 4 and accumulated mass until z = 0 in the simulation. PCFNet is very flexible and can find protoclusters at other redshifts or in future extensive surveys by Euclid, Legacy Survey of Space and Time, and Roman.
Fate of the Remnant in Tidal Stripping Event: Repeating and Nonrepeating
Authors: Chen 陈 Jin-Hong 劲鸿 , Dai 戴 Lixin 丽心 , Liu 刘 Shang-Fei 尚飞 , Ou 欧 Jian-Wen 建文
Published: December 2024

Tidal disruption events (TDE) occur when a star ventures too close to a massive black hole. In a partial TDE (pTDE), the star only grazes the tidal radius, causing the outer envelope of the star to be stripped away while the stellar core survives. Previous research has shown that a star, once tidally stripped in a parabolic orbit, can acquire enough orbital energy for its remnant to become a high-velocity star potentially capable of escaping the galaxy. Conversely, some studies have reported that the remnant may lose orbital energy and undergo re-disruption, leading to a recurring pTDE. This study aims to uncover the physical mechanisms and determine the conditions that lead to these divergent outcomes. We find that the orbital energy change only depends on the impact factor and the stellar structure, and barely depends on the mass of the black hole or the exact mass or orbital eccentricity of the star. For a γ = 5/3 (or γ = 4/3) polytropic star, after a pTDE its remnant gains orbital energy when the impact factor β ≳ 0.62 (or ≳1.1) or loses energy and vice versa. Additionally, we verify an analytical equation for orbital energy change that is applicable across various systems. Through hydrodynamic simulations, we also explore the structure of the stellar remnant post-tidal stripping. Our findings provide critical insights for interpreting observed pTDEs and advancing knowledge on the orbital evolution and event rate of these events.
Evidence for a Sharp CO Snow Line Transition in a Protoplanetary Disk and Implications for Millimeter-wave Observations of CO Isotopologues
Authors: Qi Chunhua , Wilner David J.
Published: December 2024

Observations of CO isotopologue emission from protoplanetary disks at millimeter wavelengths are a powerful tool for probing the CO snow line, an important marker for disk chemistry, and also for estimating total disk gas mass, a key quantity for planet formation. We use simple models to demonstrate that the vertical thickness of an isothermal layer around the disk midplane has important effects on the CO column density radial profile, with a thick layer producing a sharp CO snow line transition. We simulate next-generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) images to show that this sharp change in the CO column density can be detected in the derivative of the radial profile of emission from optically thin CO isotopologue lines. We apply this method to archival ALMA observations of the disk around the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in the C17O and C18O J = 1–0 and J = 2–1 lines to identify a sharp CO snow line transition near ∼80 au (0.″8 at 101 pc), and show the CO column density decreases by more than a factor of 20. This finding is consistent with previous inferences from the steep rise of N2H+ emission, which marks the location where CO depletes. We also demonstrate that the disk’s thermal structure introduces significant systematic uncertainty to estimates of total disk gas mass derived from these lines. The substantial improvement in sensitivity envisioned for the ngVLA over ALMA for observations of ground-state lines of CO isotopologues has the potential to extend this approach to a much larger population of disks.
Visual Orbits of Wolf–Rayet Stars. I. The Orbit of the Dust-producing Wolf–Rayet Binary WR 137 Measured with the CHARA Array
Authors: Richardson Noel D. , Schaefer Gail H. , Eldridge Jan J. , Spejcher Rebecca , Holdsworth Amanda , Lau Ryan M. , Monnier John D. , Moffat Anthony F. J. , Weigelt Gerd , Williams Peredur M. , Kraus Stefan , Le Bouquin Jean-Baptiste , Anugu Narsireddy , Chhabra Sorabh , Codron Isabelle , Ennis Jacob , Gardner Tyler , Gutierrez Mayra , Ibrahim Noura , Labdon Aaron , Lanthermann Cyprien , Setterholm Benjamin R.
Published: December 2024

Classical Wolf–Rayet (W-R) stars are the descendants of massive OB stars that have lost their hydrogen envelopes and are burning helium in their cores prior to exploding as Type Ib/c supernovae. The mechanisms for losing their hydrogen envelopes are either through binary interactions or through strong stellar winds potentially coupled with episodic mass loss. Among the bright classical W-R stars, the binary system WR 137 (HD 192641; WC7d + O9e) is the subject of this paper. This binary is known to have a 13 yr period and produces dust near periastron. Here we report on interferometry with the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy Array collected over a decade of time and providing the first visual orbit for the system. We combine these astrometric measurements with archival radial velocities to measure masses of the stars of M
WR = 9.5 ± 3.4 M
⊙ and M
O = 17.3 ± 1.9 M
⊙ when we use the most recent Gaia distance. These results are then compared to predicted dust distribution using these orbital elements, which match the observed imaging from JWST as discussed recently by Lau et al. Furthermore, we compare the system to the Binary Population And Spectral Synthesis models, finding that the W-R star likely formed through stellar winds and not through binary interactions. However, the companion O star did likely accrete some material from the W-R star’s mass loss to provide the rotation seen today that drives its status as an Oe star.
On the Acceleration Site of Anomalous Cosmic Rays: Voyager 2 Observations of Their Anisotropy in the Heliosheath
Authors: Cummings A. C. , Kóta J. , Richardson J. D. , Rankin J. S. , Heikkila B. C.
Published: December 2024

We present the diffusive flow anisotropy vector components for ∼0.5–35 MeV anomalous cosmic-ray (ACR) protons observed during Voyager 2 roll maneuvers for the magnetometer instrument in the inner heliosheath. The diffusive flow results are derived from the differences between the observed anisotropy components presented in A. C. Cummings et al. (2021) and the Compton–Getting anisotropies based on measurements of the solar wind speeds from the Plasma Science instrument. We find that the tangential component of the derived diffusive anisotropy vector is in reasonable agreement, both in direction and magnitude, with a numerical model of the acceleration and transport of ACRs by diffusive shock acceleration along a nonspherical solar wind termination shock (TS). The results suggest that there exists a diffusive flow of these particles from the flank or tail of the heliosphere toward the nose, and support models in which higher-energy ACRs are accelerated in the flank or tail of the TS.
The Impact of Water Clouds on the Prospective Emission Spectrum of Teegarden’s Star b as Observed by LIFE
Authors: Boukrouche Ryan , Caballero Rodrigo , Janson Markus
Published: December 2024

Nontransiting terrestrial planets will be accessible by upcoming observatories of which LIFE is an example. Planet b orbiting Teegarden’s Star is one of the optimal targets for such missions. We use a one-dimensional atmospheric model with real gas radiation, a multispecies pseudo-adiabatic convection-condensation scheme, and a water cloud scheme to estimate the impact of the cloud coverage on the emission spectrum of the target, as well as to assess how sensitive LIFE could be to changes in outgoing flux caused by these clouds. Though the emergent flux decreases with a higher cloud coverage, it does not decrease by more than 1 order of magnitude as the coverage increases from 0% to 90%. This allows LIFE to retain a high sensitivity to the cloud cover fraction for wavelengths longer than 7 μm. In this spectral range, with at least 1 bar of N2, LIFE is able to distinguish cloud cover fractions as small as 10% given an integration time of 24 hr, and yields much better precision with a week-long integration. An integration time of 1 week also allows the resolution of local variations in spectral flux, which can lead to easier molecule identification. This ability remains if the planet is a CO2-dominated Venus analog. Partial pressures of N2 lower than 1 bar may create a degeneracy with the cloud cover fraction. LIFE shows promising potential for detecting and characterizing atmospheres even with a high cloud coverage, and retaining a fine sensitivity to relatively small differences in cloud cover fractions.
Information-theory-based System-level Babcock–Leighton Flux Transport Model–Data Comparisons
Authors: Wing Simon , Johnson Jay R. , Dikpati Mausumi , Nurhan Yosia I.
Published: December 2024

System-level Babcock–Leighton flux transport model–data comparisons are performed using information theory. The model is run with a maximum meridional flow speed of 16.5 m s−1 with the flow speed systematically varied by 20% (BLFT20) and 50% (BLFT50). Overall, the comparisons show that the models qualitatively capture much of the information flow among the toroidal field (sunspot number), polar field, and meridional flow. BLFT20 generally compares better than BLFT50, suggesting that meridional flow variation of 20% may be more realistic than 50%. However, the information flow from the meridional flow to the polar field is captured better in BLFT50. There is more information flow from the sunspot number to the polar field than the other way around in BLFT20 and observations. The information flow from the polar field to the sunspot number peaks at lag times (τ) of ∼2 yr and 7–9 yr in observations and BLFT20. The results can shed light on the nature of the Sun’s magnetic memory, the diffusive/dissipative processes, and advection in the turbulent flux transport at the Sun.
Exploring the pharmacological mechanism of Qishen Yiqi dropping pills in treating chronic heart failure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Chen Daqiu , Wu Yanqing , Chen Yixing , Ye Tao , Luo Shunxiang , Luo Fanglin
Published: December 2024

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a severe condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite standardized treatments, patients often face recurrent symptoms such as dyspnea, edema, and fatigue, which impair their quality of life and contribute to high mortality and hospital readmission rates. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers alternative therapies, and Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills (QYDP) has emerged as a potential treatment for CHF. QYDP is composed of Danshen, Huangqi, Jiangxiang, and Sanqi and is known for its ability to promote circulation, enhance Qi, and support cardiac health. Although clinical studies have suggested that QYDP can alleviate CHF symptoms, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to explore the pharmacological targets of QYDP for CHF treatment. Four core genes were identified: AKT1, HIF1A, STAT3, and MYC. Molecular docking confirmed the interactions between these genes and active compounds in QYDP, such as kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin, tanshinone IIa, and cryptotanshinone. These findings suggest that QYDP may treat CHF through a multitarget mechanism, offering new insights into its therapeutic potential and providing a basis for further clinical research.
Nonlinear diffusion on networks: Perturbations and consensus dynamics
Authors: Bonetto Riccardo , Kojakhmetov Hildeberto Jardón
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we study a class of equations representing nonlinear diffusion on networks. A particular instance of our model could be seen as a network equivalent of the porous-medium equation. We are interested in studying perturbations of such a system and describing the consensus dynamics. The nonlinearity of the equations gives rise to potentially intricate structures of equilibria that could intersect the consensus space, creating singularities. For the unperturbed case, we characterize the sets of equilibria by exploiting the symmetries under group transformations of the nonlinear vector field. Under small perturbations, we obtain a slow-fast system. Thus, we analyze the slow-fast dynamics near the singularities on the consensus space. The analysis at this stage is carried out for complete networks, allowing a detailed characterization of the system. We provide a linear approximation of the intersecting branches of equilibria at the singular points; as a consequence, we show that, generically, the singularities on the consensus space turn out to be transcritical. We prove under local assumptions the existence of canard solutions. For generic graph structures, assuming more strict conditions on the perturbation, we prove the existence of a maximal canard, which coincides with the consensus subspace. In addition, we validate by numerical simulations the principal findings of our main theory, extending the study to non-complete graphs. Moreover, we show how the delayed loss of stability associated with the canards induces transient spatio-temporal patterns.
Aragon poète. Écrire pour croire
Authors: Le Ray Johanne
Published: December 2024

Le livre a pour objet un sujet central dans l’œuvre d’Aragon, celui du besoin de croire. Pour rendre compte du « goût de l’absolu » et de son incarnation, au-delà du pôle d’attraction constitué par l’amour, dans le corps-à-corps avec l’Histoire, l’ouvrage invite à un parcours chronologique, du renouveau poétique que représente Le Crève-cœur (1939) au grand poème de la crise de l’utopie communiste qu’est Le Fou d’Elsa (1963). Il permet ainsi de figurer l’itinéraire singulier d’un poète particulièrement sensible à la puissance des mythes, capable d’en forger de très efficaces au temps de la Résistance, affronté enfin à la « croix de croire ». Rare publication consacrée à l’œuvre poétique d’Aragon, le livre a l’originalité de l’aborder au prisme d’une question centrale quoique très peu traitée, et de doubler l’analyse purement littéraire d’une approche anthropologique, psychanalytique et philosophique. Il revisite également un quart de siècle d’histoire mondiale, tout en mettant en lumière la force du besoin de croire dans nos sociétés sécularisées – question éminemment actuelle.
Mortalité et aléas hydro-climatiques dans les outre-mers français depuis 1950 (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Nouvelle-Calédonie)
Authors: Leone Frédéric , Coulon Anaïs , Libner Eliott , Nérin Noémie , Battut Samuel , Bigot Victoria , Candela Thomas , Defossez Stéphanie
Published: December 2024

Cet article analyse les lieux, les causes, les circonstances de décès et les profils des victimes induites par des aléas hydro-climatiques, dont les cyclones, en Guadeloupe (101 décès), Martinique (102) et Nouvelle Calédonie (59) depuis 1950. Il repose sur un nouveau référentiel géo-historique construit à partir d’archives et d’enquêtes de terrain. Il permet d’établir des comparaisons, de montrer des évolutions, de souligner des spécificités territoriales et des comportements à risque en nette évolution. Un certain nombre d’enseignements se dégagent pour guider la prévention des risques sur les trois territoires, en particulier lors des saisons cycloniques, mais pas seulement.
Building Equitable Healthcare
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak
Published: December 2024

The provision of quality healthcare comparable with that provided by hospitals worldwide for every member of society regardless of financial standing and income level is a fundamental bit in achieving SDG 3. SDG 3 (Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages): aims to ensure promotion of inclusive and sustainable healthcare systems. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an enabler to bridge healthcare access and quality gap especially in underserved communities. For Healthcare industry, Corporate Social Responsibility translates into organizations voluntarily committed to address rising health concerns amongst the communities they touch, going beyond their core focus of just profit-making. This commitment includes investments in healthcare infrastructure, support for affordable treatment research and development and public health outcomes. This chapter takes into consideration leveraging their CSR strategies for SDG 3, corporations can help support the development of health systems that are equitable and environmentally sustainable.
Human Activity Tracking via Machine Learning Methods in a Smart Healthcare Informatics
Authors: Gautam Ritu , Singh Bhupinder , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak , Pandey Neeti , Raghav Anjali
Published: December 2024

The new era of “smart health” has begun as a result of advances in advanced technology, revolutionizing patient and medical staff healthcare procedures both inside and outside of hospitals. Patients can now gather thorough health data utilizing cellphones and wearable technology, independent of their geographic location or time zone. However, present tactics for smart-health devices tend to focus on the smartness of the technology itself and on controlling a specific disease or condition. The use of this patient-generated data holds great promise for future healthcare breakthroughs in many ways. This chapter focuses on the Human Activity Tracking via Machine Learning Methods in a Smart Healthcare Informatics in which Legal Challenges, Security Issues, Opportunities and Applications towards Smart Monitoring and Diagnosis Technologies.
Transmuting Healthcare Industry in Digital Field
Authors: Jermsittiparsert Kittisak , Singh Bhupinder
Published: December 2024

AI is a broad category of technologies that includes machine learning, natural language processing and predictive analytics, all of which are being applied into healthcare systems. These tools are improving clinical workflows, helping to make more accurate diagnoses and providing data-driven insights that can inform better decisions made by healthcare professionals. The artificial intelligence programs being employed as diagnostic tools are helping to catch diseases at early stages and improving treatment options & results. AI, being the major disruptive force in healthcare for delivering faster results and better experiences to patients as well as a radical change from traditional mechanisms. This chapter goes deep into how Artificial Intelligence is shaping the healthcare outcomes such as improving patient experiences and many more. It also explores the wide variety of applications for AI in healthcare, which continues to grow medio uses cases as a part of its broader shift towards enterprise IoT.
Disease Screening in Healthcare and Pandemic Outbreak
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak , Lal Sahil , Arora Manmeet Kaur
Published: December 2024

Disease surveillance and a well-concerted pandemic outbreak plan have taken on greater importance within the broader realm of global health today. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming this through increasingly precise and large-scale screenings, allowing to increase chances of recovery by making best use of resources. Powerful AI-based solutions, such as machine learning algorithms, can process vast amounts of data swiftly to recognize symptoms from patient records and estimate how the disease is going to spread so health authorities take corrective action in time. AI can also predict where infections will be higher this enables you to target vaccine campaigns and get vaccines distributed, ensuring an equitable distribution of said resources. This chapter focuses on the AI solutions can be used to speed up the vaccine research process by knocking out complex biological data faster than conventional methods.
Variations in Cystic Duct Anatomy Using Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography and their Clinical Significant in the Sudanese
Authors: Mohammed T. A. A. , Abdelmotalab M. A. A. , Abdelaziz O. A. E.
Published: December 2024

Background: Anatomical variations of the cystic duct are very frequent, and it is substantial to be familiar with these variations preceding to any surgical, percutaneous and endoscopic intervention procedures.Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the normal (typical) and atypical anatomical variations in the cyst duct using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography at Fedail Specialized Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan.Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective evaluation of the cystic duct in 307 patients who were routinely imaged with Magnetic Resonance cholangiopancreatography between November 2019 and March 2021 for various indications.Result: This study included 307 patients aged 6 months to 100 years, of whom 44.3% were male and 55.7% were female. The location, level, and course of the cystic duct were examined. The typical anatomy of the cystic duct was seen in only 30.29% of patients; this percentage is low compared to the range reported in the literature (58–75%). A total of 69.71.% showed atypical configurations. The most common variant was high cystic insertion, observed in 36.2% of cases. Low insertion was observed in 21.8%, low medial insertion in 14.6%, a spiral posterior course in 15.6%, and a parallel course in 10.1%. A short cystic duct less than 5 mm in length was seen in 1% of cases. Other rare findings include a case-for-case (0.3%): absent cystic duct; spiral anterior course with low medial insertion; spiral anterior then posterior; drainage of cystic duct to the right hepatic duct; drainage of the cystic duct at the junction between the right and left hepatic ducts; very high insertion just below the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts; and finally, a case of common bile duct cyst. The relationship between the location, height, and course of the cystic duct and gender was examined, and the result of the chi-square test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between males and females with regard to anatomical variations (p = 0.740). (p=0.671) (p=0.678).Conclusion: The normal anatomy of the cystic duct is observed in only 30.29% of cases. Anatomical variations are encountered in 69.71% of cases, with high insertion of the cystic duct being the main variation observed in 36.2% of cases; the next most common variation is a low insertion in 21.8% of cases.
Celiac Trunk with a Replaced Right Hepatic Artery: A Rare Anatomical Variant
Authors: Jayarathna M. J. S. , Udupihille J. , Amaratunga H. A.
Published: December 2024

The gastrointestinal tract and its accessory organs are supplied by the three main ventral branches of the abdominal aorta; namely, the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery. Variations of these vessels are related to the embryological development of the different parts of the gut; foregut, midgut, and hindgut. We report a case of a replaced right hepatic artery originating from the celiac trunk. Such variations are clinically important for the success of radiological image interpretation and surgical procedures of the region.
Diagnostic Dilemmas: Anatomical Masquerades in Dental Radiographs – A Sri Lankan Perspicacity
 
Authors: Palipana I. W. A. P. D. , Kalubowila S. S. , Gamage I. P. S.
Published: December 2024

Dental radiographs are an essential component in routine dental practice. They serve multiple purposes such as aiding in the diagnosis, and exclusion of disease monitoring the progression or healing of lesions and observing the natural development of the dentition. Furthermore, they play a considerable role in medico-legal documentation. Dental radiographs are usually taken within the dental clinic and are not routinely reported by the radiologists. Instead, dental surgeons themselves use them for diagnostic purposes.Intra Oral Periapical radiographs, Upper Standard Occlusal radiographs, and Dental Panoramic Tomographs are frequently taken in dental practice despite their inherent limitations. Although there are better imaging techniques propitious in clinical practice, increased radiation exposure and higher cost, make them less utilized as a primary tool in day-to-day practice. Therefore, it is imperative to have a better knowledge of natural structures that are superimposed in dental radiographs. Instituting other investigations with thorough clinical assessment is highly recommended in doubtful cases.This mini review presents a series of radiographs where normal anatomical counterparts simulate pathology in them. All the presented cases were taken in Sri Lanka under the purview of the authors.
Standard Setting for Assessments in Anatomy using the Angoff Method in a Medical School in Sri Lanka
Authors: Paththinige C. S. , Jayawardana S. M. A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Anatomy is a fundamental subject in medical education. A reliable and valid assessment tool is crucial for evaluating students' understanding. The Angoff method, an absolute method of standard-setting has been widely used in various educational contexts. This study aimed to develop and implement a standard-setting process for an assessment in Anatomy using the Angoff method in a Sri Lankan medical school. Methods: Five Anatomy faculty members including two senior lecturers and three temporary assistant lecturers who were recent graduates participated in the standard-setting process. They were presented with each item on the anatomy assessment and asked to estimate the percentage of minimally competent students who would answer the item correctly. Their judgments were then used to determine the cut score for the assessment. Results: The Angoff method yielded a cut score of 56.06 with a cutoff value of 8.41 and a standard error of judgment of 0.18 (1.2%). There was a high interrater reliability (0.89). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of using the Angoff method for standard setting in an anatomy assessment in a Sri Lankan medical school. The set cut score provides a benchmark for evaluating students' performance and ensuring that they possess the necessary anatomical knowledge to progress in their medical education.
Punctuality: A Cornerstone of Professionalism for Medical Students
Authors: Kosgallana E. W. , Jayarathna M. J. S. , Jayawardana W. J. B. S. M. S.
Published: December 2024

No abstract available
Effects of different swimming styles on postural assessment in mid-level young swimmers
Authors: Francavilla Vincenzo Cristian , Parisi Maria Chiara , Muzzicato Maria Pia , Mingrino Omar , Zoffoli Antonino , Coco Marinella , Di Corrado Donatella
Published: December 2024

It is well-known that swimming purposes to increase the tonic-postural control. Beyond its physiological advantages, swimming also offers an exclusive platform to explore the complex interplay between body biomechanics and posture. The specific aim of this study was to investigate the effects of main swimming styles on postural balance in young athletes. Forty-one participants, aged between 11 and 15 years old (M= 13, SD= 1.47), were recruited. The training schedule usually consisted of 2/3 h (2.4 ± 0.46) per day (five to six weekly workouts). Measures included a postural assessment to identify the presence of postural deficits and a baropodometric stabilometry to evaluate the center of pressure. Measurements were performed before T0 (baseline), after 6 months (T1), and at the end, after 12 months (T2). Beforehand, all participants undertook identification of the swimming style and pain intensity level. Results showed that Breaststroke and Butterfly athletes had clear improvements in postural balance compared to Backstroke and Freestyle athletes. In conclusion, our results suggest that a detailed knowledge of the different swimming styles plays a significant role in improving balance and postural stability in young athletes, highlighting the fundamental role of the kinesiology in sports traumatology.
Moving to Venice and settling there: a synthesis on the biology of Sandwich Tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis) in the largest Mediterranean wetland during the 1995-2023 years
Authors: Scarton Francesco , Valle Roberto
Published: December 2024

In 1995, the first colony of Thalasseus sandvicensis settled in a saltmarsh islet in the Lagoon of Venice, NE Italy. The number of nesting pairs rose from 202 (1995) pairs to 3503 (2023), with the arrival of immigrants peaking in 2014 (+887 pairs) and 2023 (+1884). From 1995 to 2023, the number of breeding pairs showed a moderate increase (p<0.01), with a yearly rate of +5.7%. Two kinds of colony sites were used: i) salt marsh islets, where birds nested mostly on windrows. These sites were usually in well-secluded area, with low levels of human disturbance; ii) man-made sites such as dredge islands, with nests placed on the bare ground. These man-made sites, in one case located at about 200 m from the town of Venice, were used only since 2014 and now support a large fraction of the breeding population. Overall, 73 colonies were found (361±423 pairs, range: 5-2762; median: 203). Each year there were one to six colonies; 21 colony sites were used at least once. On average, a site was used for 3.5±5.4 years (range 1-25), but the first site was used 25 years out of 29. The turnover rate was overall 41.4%. Over the study period, the biggest cause of clutch loss was flooding during extreme high tides, which are becoming more and more frequent and responsible for more than 90% of losses until 2022. In 2023, an H5N1 avian influenza outbreak annihilated the productivity of the whole nesting season. Clutch size was 1.7±0.5 (n=1338) without differences between saltmarsh and dredge islands: 1.64±0.5 vs 1.81±0.45 eggs per clutch. At the colonies, the association between T. sandvicensis and Larus ridibundus was strong and moderate with Sterna hirundo; instead, a negative and moderate correlation was found between T. sandvicensis and Sternula albifrons. The persistence of the largest Italian population appears threatened by several factors, among which the multiple effects of climate change are the most dangerous.
Effectivity of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy versus Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery on Kidney Stone: A Single-center Experience
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad Fachri , Djojodimedjo Tarmono , Soebadi Mohammad Ayodhia , Sharin Mohamad Fairuz Mohamad
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Urinary tract stones are one of the most prevalent urological diseases worldwide. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) are two primary treatment modalities for the said disease. This study analyzes and compares the clinical characteristics and outcomes of kidney stone patients undergoing PCNL and RIRS in Indonesia.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed patients with urinary tract stones who underwent PCNL and RIRS in a single hospital. Patient characteristics were retrieved from medical records between January 2022 and December 2023. We compared the age, gender, number, size of stones, as well as preoperative imaging, comorbid diseases, and stone-free rate (SFR) of the patients.

Results:

From January 2022 to December 2023, 116 cases of kidney stones were found in Universitas Airlangga Hospital. Sixteen patients underwent the RIRS procedure, and 100 patients underwent the PCNL procedure.

Conclusions:

Patients who underwent PCNL procedures for kidney stones are generally men over 40 years old with kidney stones larger than 2 cm and < 2 cm for RIRS procedures. The PCNL procedure has an overall higher SFR than the RIRS procedure, especially for large and complex stones. However, RIRS has a higher success rate for stones under 2 cm. The SFR of both modalities decreases as the Guy’s stone score increases.
Successful Treatment of Surgical Resection, Debridement, and Distraction Osteogenesis in a 22-year-old Female with Chronic Osteomyelitis Femur with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection
Authors: Mercy Grendi , Adriansyah Denny , Angeline Agiona , Corrigan Hubertus
Published: December 2024

Chronic osteomyelitis impedes bone union, requiring immediate management, such as removing the infected bone to aid regeneration. In this case, a 22-year-old woman with a 12 cm bone defect from chronic osteomyelitis had unsuccessful bone healing after three internal fixation surgeries due to persistent infection. To prevent complications, distraction osteogenesis with external fixation was chosen. This method involves applying mechanical strain to stimulate the biological response of damaged tissue, enhancing osteoconductivity and prompting new bone formation with rich blood supply. Despite the scarcity of reports on the effectiveness of this approach for long bone defects caused by osteomyelitis, This case study indicates that distraction osteogenesis using external fixation can be a viable treatment option for bone defects resulting from chronic osteomyelitis.
A Prospective Randomized Comparison of INTELLIVENT-ASV and PSV Modes in Terms of Weaning in Intensive Care Patients, Istanbul, Turkiye
Authors: Tatlisuluoglu D , Alay GH , Turan G
Published: December 2024

Background:

INTELLIVENT-Adaptive Support Ventilation (I-ASV; C6; Hamilton Medical; Bonaduz, Switzerland) is a closed-loop ventilation mode that continuously controls the patient’s ventilation and oxygenation. It sets the minute ventilation, PEEP, and oxygen levels based on the targets set by the clinician and on physiological input from the patient.

Aim:

The aim was to compare I-ASV and PSV modes regarding weaning in intensive care patients.

Methods:

A total of 140 patients who were over the age of 18 years, did not have a neuromuscular disease, and had been ventilated for at least 48 hours were reviewed. Using the sequential method, patients who met the requirements for weaning were put into two groups: I-ASV and PSV (pressure support ventilation).

Results:

The mean age of the I-ASV group (n = 70) and the PSV group (n = 70) was 49.11 ± 17.74 and 49.92 ± 22.00, respectively. In the group using I-ASV, FiO2 was 30.12 ± 10.04%, inspiratory pressure (Pinsp) was 8.71 ± 2.78 cm H2O, and Ppeak value was 11.67 ± 2.78 cm H2O, which were significantly lower than those in the PSV mode (P < 0.001). The PEEP value was significantly lower in the PSV mode (P < 0.001). However, asynchrony-tachycardia was significantly higher in the I-ASV group (28 (20%)) compared to the PSV group (11 (7.9%)) (P < 0.003).

Conclusion:

I-ASV mode had no effect on weaning duration compared to PSV mode but decreased PEEP, FiO2, Pinsp, and Ppeak values in weaning patients.
Brucellosis Prevention Questionnaire (BPQ): Adaptation to Turkish Culture, Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Yılmaz M , Arikan I
Published: December 2024

Background:

Brucellosis is the most common zoonosis worldwide. Prevention of brucellosis is based on surveillance and prevention of risk factors.

Aim:

The aim of this methodological study, conducted with breeders living in Kütahya, was to perform the Turkish adaptation, validity and reliability study of the Brucellosis Prevention Questionnaire (BPQ).

Methods:

This methodological study was conducted on breeders living in the villages of Kütahya in Türkiye between May and November 2021. Cultural adaptation–language validity and construct (concept) validity of the scale were evaluated. Item total score correlation, internal consistency, and test–retest correlation was used to evaluate the reliability of the scale.

Results:

According to factor analysis, the variance explained in the five-dimensional structure was 61.8%. A positive correlation was found between the mean BPQ score and Health Perception Scale scores (r = 0.170; P = 0.005). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the BPQ was found to be 0.944.

Conclusion:

Findings from validity and reliability studies show that the Turkish version of the BPQ is a valid and reliable scale in Turkish society and culture.
Bilateral Total Hip and Right Knee Arthroplasty in a Sickle Cell Disease Patient with Multiple Joint Osteonecrosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ugbeye Michael Ebiyon , Alatishe Kehinde Adesola , Okezie Chukwuebuka
Published: December 2024

Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder with the underlying pathology, resulting in sickling of the red blood cells in deoxygenated conditions. Osteonecrosis is a common orthopaedic manifestation of sickle cell disease, and total joint arthroplasty is the preferred option in managing patients with advanced disease. This article describes bilateral total hip arthroplasty and right total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in a 41-year-old woman, a known haemoglobin SS (HBSS) patient who presented to the outpatient clinic of National Orthopaedic Hospital, Igbobi, Lagos, with recurrent bilateral hip and right knee pain of 10-year duration, with associated stiffness, valgus deformity in the knee and severe limitation of function. She had sequential bilateral total hip replacement and right TKA. She had significant improvement in function in the follow-up period. The effectiveness of total hip and knee arthroplasties in HBSS patients with osteonecrosis is well demonstrated in this article.
Conocimiento del profesorado de Matemáticas en formación inicial en las áreas de geometría y trigonometría: una revisión bibliográfica sistematizada
Authors: Cruz-Márquez Gerardo , Montiel-Espinosa Gisela
Published: December 2024

En este artículo presentamos una síntesis –amplia y actualizada– de la investigación acerca del conocimiento del profesorado de Matemáticas en formación inicial, en general y en las áreas de geometría y trigonometría. Esta es fruto de una revisión bibliográfica sistematizada que aúna un estudio secundario y terciario de literatura. Como parte de los resultados destacamos el predominio de investigaciones empíricas, cualitativas, a pequeña escala y realizadas por instituciones/profesores formadores al interior de sus propios espacios/cursos, así como de estudios centrados en el conocimiento matemático del profesorado, llevados a cabo desde una perspectiva prescriptiva y deficitaria. Concluimos subrayando la necesidad de más investigaciones sobre el conocimiento del profesorado en el área de trigonometría, así como de estudios a gran escala, realizados y publicados en países hispano/lusohablantes, y con objetivos que trasciendan el foco en el conocimiento matemático y la visión prescriptiva y deficitaria del conocimiento del profesorado en formación inicial.
Tutorías entre pares como promotoras de desarrollo profesional docente: transformación de prácticas y creencias en docentes de escuelas de Nicaragua y Honduras
Authors: Álvarez Valdés Carolina Isabel , Araneda Quiroz Daniel
Published: December 2024

Los Programas de Desarrollo Profesional Docente (DPD) ofrecen una oportunidad para mejorar la educación, aunque sus resultados varíen. En América Latina, Honduras y Nicaragua han avanzado en la profesionalización docente, pero persisten desafíos. En este contexto se implementó un proyecto de innovación pedagógica en escuelas rurales de ambos países para investigar su impacto en el DPD, enfocándose en los cambios de creencias y prácticas docentes, así como en las características efectivas de la innovación. La metodología cualitativa incluyó 19 observaciones de clases, entrevistas individuales con 19 docentes y 16 entrevistas grupales con estudiantes. Se identificaron cambios hacia paradigmas constructivistas, destacando el papel mediador del docente, el uso de preguntas para estimular el aprendizaje activo y el reconocimiento de la importancia de los aspectos socioemocionales en el aprendizaje. La flexibilidad y adaptabilidad se destacaron como atributos cruciales de la innovación, alineándose con las características de los programas de DPD eficaces.
Cooperación de docentes e investigadores en la construcción de conocimiento en la enseñanza de las matemáticas: experiencias en preescolar y secundaria en México
Authors: Laguna María , Castaño Torres Yesenia , Block Sevilla David
Published: December 2024

En este artículo revisamos la construcción conjunta de conocimiento didáctico-matemático en dos experiencias de investigación que involucraron a docentes e investigadores: una en preescolar, sobre gráficas de barras, y otra en secundaria, centrada en el análisis de figuras geométricas. Aunque las experiencias no se plantearon como Ingenierías Cooperativas (Sensevy et al., 2013), tuvieron a la planificación conjunta, la implementación de situaciones didácticas y el análisis posterior como elementos centrales del trabajo colaborativo. Seleccionamos episodios de las discusiones que se dieron en las reuniones colectivas y los revisamos a partir de tres principios de la IC: la postura de ingeniero, la búsqueda de simetría y el ascenso de lo abstracto a lo concreto (Santini et al., 2024). Los resultados muestran los matices de la cooperación y cómo esta dio lugar a la construcción de conocimiento conjunto, lo que nos llevó a repensar nuestras investigaciones a partir de los aportes de la IC.
SAE International’s Dictionary of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles
Authors: Quigley Jon M. , Starkey Fred L.
Published: December 2024

Welcome to SAE International’s Dictionary of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, the ultimate reference for mastering the complex and fast-evolving world of electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. Designed for engineers, researchers, students, and enthusiasts, this comprehensive guide is your key to navigating the intricate vocabulary and concepts driving the future of sustainable transportation.

As the automotive industry pivots toward greener, more efficient solutions, understanding the terminology and technology behind electric and hybrid vehicles is crucial. This dictionary offers precise, accessible definitions for a wide range of terms—from foundational principles to the latest innovations in battery technology, motor design, and smart charging systems. Each entry has been meticulously curated by experts to ensure accuracy and relevance, providing clear explanations that enhance both comprehension and application.

Reflecting the most recent advancements in automotive engineering, electrical and mechanical engineering, chemistry, and environmental science, this resource stands as a testament to collaborative expertise. Whether you’re a seasoned professional seeking to update your knowledge or a student embarking on new projects, this dictionary will support your journey with reliable, up-to-date information.

Embark on your exploration of the dynamic realm of electric and hybrid vehicles with confidence and clarity. Your gateway to the future of automotive technology starts here.
Impact of the development of electromobility in Poland on the background level of atmospheric pollution
Authors: Strużewska Joanna , Kamiński Jacek W. , Durka Paweł , Jeleniewicz Grzegorz , Kłos Mariusz , Zagrajek Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

The objective of the work was to analyse the environmental effects of the development of the electric car fleet in Poland on air pollution. Three distinct scenarios for the growth of electromobility were analysed, considering spatial distribution and estimating emissions in both the transport and energy production sectors. Based on the modelling results from GEM-AQ model, the differences in average annual gaseous pollutants concentrations were calculated and compared with the baseline scenario in 2015. In the case of NO2 and SO2, the largest increases occurred around power plants. For CO, a very small reduction over most of the country was achieved in all scenarios (up to - 0.25%). Ozone background concentrations mainly decreased compared to 2015 across the country by -2%. The alternative scenario, which does not assume the anticipated constant growth in electricity demand, is characterized by the reduction of concentrations background for NOSO2 (up to 1.5%) and CO (up to -0.25%), a smaller increase of SO2 concentrations (up to 5%) and on average higher ozone background. Alternative scenario revealed the most differences, with power sector emissions and constant electricity demand growth overshadowing the impact of electric vehicle fleet changes on air pollution.
The Challenge of Church Leaders with the decline of Youth Spirituality during the period of the Society 5.0 Revolution
Authors: Heryanto  , Pramono Rudy , Manuputy Lorens , Agustini
Published: December 2024

This research can provide theoretical advantages to provide new facts and important information about the progress of science in the field of Church leadership during the era of the 5.0 social revolution. This research will examine the problem which is a new phenomenon and has never been researched before. For this reason, a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review was chosen so that the results were more focused and in-depth. With this approach, researchers hope to gain a deeper understanding and produce a broader and more comprehensive picture of the issues researched. The paradigm shift towards digital integration in various fields, including education, social services, and churches, presents challenges and opportunities for conventional organizations, especially religious organizations. Church leaders must prioritize adaptability and agility to navigate the complexities of the new challenges of this era. Embracing technological advances and involving all church members, especially young people, is essential for effective religious ministry. By fostering strong relationships and promoting spiritual growth, Church leaders can guide their communities toward a prosperous and relevant future in the digital age.
Caracterización del consumidor de flamenco en la ciudad de Sevilla
Authors: Cascajo de la Barrera-Caro Isidoro Ángel
Published: December 2024

Este artículo pretende determinar el tipo de público (perfil/caracterización) que asiste a espectáculos de flamenco en directo en Sevilla. Para desarrollar esta investigación se han realizado encuestas a la salida de los recitales en salas referentes tanto privadas como públicas de la ciudad. A través de todas las variables identificadas, se han obtenido resultados que definen el perfil de la persona que asiste a ver flamenco en Sevilla. Todo ello va orientado a la implementación de mejoras de la gestión cultural (pública y privada) del flamenco que permitan mejorar la eficiencia de la misma en ámbitos como el económico y turístico.