bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЯЗИКОВО-ПІДНЕБІННИЙ РЕФЛЕКС ЯК СУТТЄВИЙ ФАКТОР УСПІШНОГО КОВТАННЯ В ЛЮДИНИ
Authors: Кушта А.О. , Шувалов С.М. , Криничних Г.І.
Published: September 2021

Акт ковтання – це швидка, складна нервово-м’язова дія, яка включає в себе кілька стадій. Процес ков- тання був класифікований на ротову, фарингеальну та стравохідну стадію залежно від розміщення болюсу. Ротова стадія є мимовільною і контрольова- ною корою головного мозку людини, тобто є можли- вість керування активністю жування або припинення його у разі виникнення проблем з неприємними фраг- ментами їжі (міцність, смак, стороннє тіло). Потім з’являється глоткова стадія ковтання, коли язик просувається до заду. Ця дія язика слугує для про- сування харчової грудки і створює підвищений тиск у верхній частині глотки. Таким чином, язик грає сут- тєву роль у ротовій і глотковій стадіях ковтання. Вивченню нейро-рефлекторних контактів язика і під- небіння присвячена невелика кількість робіт. Мета роботи – уточнити деякі ключові моменти пероральної початкової стадії ковтання в нормі та у пацієнтів з патологією передньої третини язика, надати можливе фізіологічне обґрунтування язиково- піднебінному контакту кінчика язика з піднебінними валиком як окремому необхідному рефлексу. Успішність акту ковтання залежить від можли- вості людини здійснити упор кінчика язика в різцевий валик слизової оболонки верхньої щелепи. Цей елемент початкового акту ковтання зазвичай не розгляда- ється і недооцінюється. Наукова новизна. Внаслідок клінічних спостережень була зроблена спроба представити цю нейро-рефлек- торну дугу у вигляді окремого рефлексу і його цикл прослідкований до ядер трійчастого нерву та кори головного мозку. Дугу цього рефлексу можна пред- ставити такою схемою: за різцями верхньої щелепи ділянка слизової оболонки інервується різцевим нервом від носопіднебінного нерва та носопіднебінного веге- тативного вузла, який пов’язаний з ІІ гілкою трійчас- того нерву. Кінчик язика інервується язичним нервом, який також з системи трійчастого. Висновки. Таким чином, нами було дано нейро-фізіоло- гічне обґрунтування необхідності контакту кінчика язика з піднебінними валиком слизової оболонки різцевого відділу верхньої щелепи як початкової фази акту ковтання, вкрай необхідної для успішності проведення наступної глот- кової фази. Цей новий нейро-рефлекторний зв’язок був названий «Різцево-язиковою рефлекторною дугою».
РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ КЛІНІКО-ІНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЦИФРОВОЇ ОКЛЮЗІЇ ПІД ЧАС РЕЄСТРАЦІЇ МІЖЩЕЛЕПОВОГО ІНТЕРКУСПІДАЦІЙНОГО ПОЛОЖЕННЯ В ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ДВОСТОРОННІМИ ДЕФЕКТАМИ Й ІНТАКТНИМИ ЗУБНИМИ РЯДАМИ
Authors: Глушко Т.Р. , Вовк Ю.В. , Вовк В.Ю. , Крюков П.С.
Published: September 2021

Мета дослідження. Проведення порівняльного клі- ніко-інструментального аналізу результатів реє- страції оклюзійних співвідношень інтеркуспідаційної контактної позиції в групах пацієнтів з інтактними зубними рядами й двосторонніми дефектами зубних рядів під час застосування різних реєстраційних мате- ріалів. Методи дослідження. Проведене обстеження 10 пацієнтів обох статей у віці від 24 до 51 років. Усі обстежені пацієнти були розподілені на лікувальну та контрольну групи. Перша лікувальна група дослі- дження включала 5 пацієнтів з двосторонніми дефек- тами зубних рядів зубощелепної системи класу A2 за класифікацією Ейхнера. Контрольну групу складали 5 пацієнтів з інтактними зубними рядами. Висновки. Інтервал оклюзійного змикання зубів між положен- нями інтеркуспідаційної контактної позиції та мак- симальної інтеркуспідації або показник Δ, який можна визначити за допомогою цифрової технології Tekscan III, маніфестує просторово-часові показники перероз- поділу міжщелепових співвідношень. Особливу ціка- вість викликають значення цих показників у пацієнтів із частковою втратою зубів. У результаті проведених досліджень було виявлено, що під час застосування реєстраційного матеріалу Футар Д клініко-інстру- ментальний аналіз цифрових показників переходу від інтеркуспідаційної контактної позиції до максималь- ної інтеркуспідації дозволив встановити ідентичну тривалість часу оклюзійного змикання зубів, змен- шення довжини траєкторії змикання в 1,05 раза, достовірну зміну пропорційної участі сторін зубних рядів (p>0,05) пацієнтів основної групи проти контр- ольної. Під час використання реєстраційного мате- ріалу Консіфлекс клініко-інструментальний аналіз цифрових показників переходу від інтеркуспідаційної контактної позиції до максимальної інтеркуспіда- ції дозволив виявити подовження тривалості часу оклюзійного змикання зубів у 1,03 раза, збільшення довжини траєкторії змикання в 1,20 раза (p>0,05). Під час застосування реєстраційного матеріалу Металізований віск клініко-інструментальний аналіз цифрових показників переходу від інтеркуспідаційної контактної позиції до максимальної інтеркуспідації дозволив встановити подовження тривалості часу оклюзійного змикання зубів у 1,30 раза та зростання довжини траєкторії змикання в 1,50 раза (p>0,05).
Sensitivity of coronaviruses to disinfectants according to the results of foreign and domestic studies
Authors:   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Panteleeva Lyudmila Grigoryevna
Published: September 2021

More than 40 different species of the family Coronaviridae are known. The greatest epidemiological significance was acquired by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of a new coronavirus infection-COVID-19. It can persist on the surfaces of various objects from several hours to several days. It is sensitive to disinfectants from different chemical groups: chlorine-, oxygen-active, cationic surfactants, alcohols, aldehydes, and iodine-containing agents. Keywords: coronaviruses, survival rate, disinfectants, virucidal activity, virus sensitivity.
Safety assessment of residual amounts of disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds on medical devices
Authors:   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Karaev Andrey Lvovich , Bidevkina Marina Vasilevna ,   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Matrosenko Margarita Vladimirovna ,   Scientific Research Disinfectology Institute of Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing
Published: September 2021

Has been made an assessment of the toxicity of residual amounts of disinfectants after using them on products, made from various materials, with DS solutions based on QAC. The working solutions were used in concentrations from 0.3 to 7 % (by DV). The safety of the studied samples was assessed by the toxicity index "It" (in%) on an AT-05 Image Analyzer. Washing out of the residual amounts of DS in concentrations of 0.3–0.7 % (by DW) did not significantly affect the total time of disinfection treatment or pre-sterilization cleaning. At higher concentrations of solutions, there were differences in the time of washing test items and dishes for receiving safe amounts of DS. It is concluded that it is inexpedient to use solutions based on QAC in a concentration of more than 4.5 % (in terms of DV) for disinfection treatment and pre-sterilization cleaning of products made of natural and silicone rubber. Keywords: disinfectants, quaternary ammonium compounds, product washing, AT-05 image analyzer, to­xicity index.
A Conceptual Model of Zakat Payers' Trust in a Zakat Institution in Kelantan
Authors: Nawi Rufaidah Mat , Said Nadzirah Mohd , Hasan Hazriah
Published: September 2021

Zakat institutions are obliged to collect zakat from every eligible Muslim because their existence manages the institution by distributing the wealth from the wealthy Muslims to zakat asnafs. However, the zakat institutions still fail to ensure that every one of zakat payers will comply with paying through the institutions. Zakat payers' trust affects their zakat compliance behavior (Mustafa et al., 2013). According to research done by Faizal and Ramli (2017), compliance behavior is one factor that influences the act of tax compliance. This finding supports the prior studies by Kastlunger et al. (2013), who say that high trust causes the increase in tax compliance. The same case goes with paying zakat. Zakat payers' trust is essential in ensuring zakat payers pay zakat through the formal channels. According to Ahmad, Wahid, and Mohamad (2006), zakat payers' dissatisfaction towards zakat distribution practices by zakat institutions leads them to pay zakat directly to asnafs. Thus, this proves that lack of trust by zakat payers can increase the self-distribution practice and leakage in zakat collection. According to a report by Populus (2018), donors are most likely to donate their money to support causes by charities if charities are good at managing funds and demonstrate impacts for their causes. Otherwise, they will lose trust in those charities. As in this study, the main focus to study zakat payers' trust is to reduce the increase in self-distribution practice and gradually lead to maximize the zakat collection in the future. Based on that reason, this study determines which factors should be focused on to increase zakat payers' trust. The proposed factors in this study are disclosure practices, council board, and stakeholder management practices. Thus, the paper aims to develop a conceptual model of zakat payers' trust in a zakat institution in Kelantan.

Keywords: Council board; Disclosure practices; Stakeholder management practices; Zakat payers' trust.
Determinants of University Students' Waste Mobile Phones Recycling Intention
Authors: Tiep Ho Sew , Ling Goh Mei , Abdullah Radziah Shaikh , Mui Teo Kim
Published: September 2021

As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, mobile phones has become the utmost preference device for most Malaysian to stay connected. Over the past decades, mobile phone users in this country has been increasing steadily. Percentage of individuals in Malaysia using mobile phones increased from 94.2% in 2013 to 97.5% in 2015 (DOS, 2016). According to the hand phone users survey carried out by MCMC (2017) , there were 42.3 million mobile phone subscriptions with a penetration rate of 131.2% to a population of 32.3 million at the end of 2017. In a study on university students of Malaysia, Ho et al. (2018) revealed that a substantial amount of them (18.83%) actually do not know what to do with the waste mobile phones. This reflects the low awareness amongst university students and the lack of formal management system in Malaysia. Moreover, the findings show the rate of replacements of even functioning phones is high and a significant high stockpile of the waste mobile phones, which in turn increase the generation of e-waste eventually. Tremendous amount of waste mobile phones are expected to be generated in Malaysia. Malaysia is now facing a challenge on how to deal with the ever growing generation of waste mobile phones from users. An insight into their e-waste management practices and key predictors in relation to waste mobile phones recycling intention are therefore essential. This would help to lay the foundation for developing a suitable, workable, effective and efficient system of collecting e-wastes. This study aims to probe into university students' behavioural intentions to recycle waste mobile phones. In the meanwhile, it is expected to derive the policy implications for the future expansion and enhancement of mobile phones recycling response rate.

Keywords: Determinants, Mobile Phones, Recycling, Intention, University Students
Assessing the Efficiency of Russian Business Support Institutions in the Digital Economy
Authors: Burgonov O. V. , Mikhaylov E. V.
Published: September 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to determine methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of government regulation and support of small and medium enterprises in the context of the digitalization of the economy, to propose directions for its improvement, and to consider institutions and tools that could contribute to solving the problems of small enterprises in the post-COVID period.Tasks. The authors examine the major problems in the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Russia, potential opportunities and solutions; analyze the main problems of SME support; determine indicators and criteria for evaluating the efficiency of this type of national and municipal administration.Methods. This study uses the methods of abstraction and aggregation, historical analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systemic and structural approaches.Results. The results of the study prove that the assessment of the efficiency of government regulation and support of small and medium enterprises in the context of the digitalization of the economy should be considered not only using KPI, but also by applying extended criteria and indicators at various management levels as part of an integrated approach. This makes it possible to determine why SMEs, which traditionally experience a lack of financial resources, use government support mechanisms to such a small extent.Conclusions. In Russia, government support is provided to SMEs in the form of guarantees and benefits, subsidization of the costs of leasing contracts and participation in advertising campaigns and exhibitions, co-funding of regional system-forming business projects. At the same time, the most important factor in optimizing the system of government regulation and support of entrepreneurship is the creation of digital space infrastructure to increase the efficiency of interaction between the government and business structures, since the existing system is not optimal.
Examining the Digital Mentality of Regional Population
Authors: Bekbergeneva D. E.
Published: September 2021

Aim. The presented study examines the level of digital mentality among the population of the Orenburg region using the survey method.Tasks. The author aims to determine the results of examining the digital mentality of the population of the Orenburg region.Methods. The digital mentality of the population of the Orenburg region is examined using survey, analysis, and other methods.Results. A questionnaire is compiled in accordance with the approach used by the scientific community to examine the digital readiness and digital trust of the population. The answers to the questions of the author’s questionnaire characterize the level of computer literacy, digital competencies, and digital trust among the region’s population.Conclusions. The degree of development of digital competencies (digital knowledge and skills of interaction with digital tools) of the region’s residents directly affects the level of the population’s digital readiness; high accessibility of Internet resources provides opportunities to increase the digital literacy of the region’s population.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for 5G Radio Access Network Slicing with Spectrum Coexistence
Authors: Shi Yi , Rahimzadeh Parisa , Costa Maice , Erpek Tugba , Sagduyu Yalin E.
Published: September 2021

The paper presents a reinforcement learning solution to dynamic admission control and resource allocation for 5G radio access network (RAN) slicing requests, when the spectrum is potentially shared between 5G and an incumbent user such as in the Citizens Broadband Radio Service scenarios. Available communication resources (frequency-time resource blocks and transmit powers) and computational resources (processor power) not used by the incumbent user can be allocated to stochastic arrivals of network slicing requests. Each request arrives with priority (weight), throughput, computational resource, and latency (deadline) requirements. As online algorithms, the greedy and myopic solutions that do not consider heterogeneity of future requests and their arrival process become ineffective for network slicing. Therefore, reinforcement learning solutions (Q-learning and Deep Q-learning) are presented to maximize the network utility in terms of the total weight of granted network slicing requests over a time horizon, subject to communication and computational constraints. Results show that reinforcement learning provides improvements in the 5G network utility relative to myopic, greedy, random, and first come first served solutions. In particular, deep Q-learning reduces the complexity and allows practical implementation as the state-action space grows, and effectively admits/rejects requests when 5G needs to share the spectrum with incumbent users that may dynamically occupy some of the frequency-time blocks. Furthermore, the robustness of deep reinforcement learning is demonstrated in the presence of the misdetection/false alarm errors in detecting the incumbent user's activity.
Spin Wave Based Approximate 4:2 Compressor
Authors: Mahmoud Abdulqader , Vanderveken Frederic , Ciubotaru Florin , Adelmann Christoph , Hamdioui Said , Cotofana Sorin
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we propose an energy efficient SW based approximate 4:2 compressor comprising a 3-input and a 5-input Majority gate. We validate our proposal by means of micromagnetic simulations, and assess and compare its performance with one of the state-of-the-art SW, 45nm CMOS, and Spin-CMOS counterparts. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed compressor consumes 31.5\% less energy in comparison with its accurate SW design version. Furthermore, it has the same energy consumption and error rate as the approximate compressor with Directional Coupler (DC), but it exhibits 3x lower delay. In addition, it consumes 14% less energy, while having 17% lower average error rate than the approximate 45nm CMOS counterpart. When compared with the other emerging technologies, the proposed compressor outperforms approximate Spin-CMOS based compressor by 3 orders of magnitude in term of energy consumption while providing the same error rate. Finally, the proposed compressor requires the smallest chip real-estate measured in terms of devices.
Cell and molecular level of strategy of COVID-19 to induce immunodeficiency. Possible therapeutic solutions
Authors: Bavykin A. S.
Published: September 2021

The review considers the nature of clinical and pathological disorders caused by highly pathogenic coronaviruses in the human body, analyzes the causes of systemic damage to various organs and tissues, the strategy of virus reproduction and the associated syndrome of cytokine reactivity with the development of specific immunodeficiency at the molecular level. The most developed approaches to the targeted therapy of cytokine reactivity syndrome and SARS including elements of theranostics — monitoring of molecular targets for targeted therapy — are described. An example of an innovative bioengineering technology associated with the reprogramming of cells of the primary "echelon of defense" with the ability to endow them with highly specific skills of directed destruction of cells infected with a virus is given.
PREDICTORS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION RECURRENCE AFTER RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: Zolotarova Tetiana V. , Brynza Mariia S. , Volkov Dmytro Y. , Shevchuk Maryna I. , Bilchenko Oleksandr V.
Published: September 2021

The aim: To study the predictive power of demographic, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic factors for atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with chronic heart failure.
Materials and methods: Study included 120 patients, aged 59,80±10,08 years old with chronic heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction who were undergo RFA due to atrial fibrillation (AF). A standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was registered. Before the procedure the standard echocardiographic parameters were obtained. After 12 months, patients were divided into 2 groups: non-recurrence group and recurrence group.
Results: As a result of prospective follow-up within 12 months AF recurrences were observed in 32 patients (27%), 88 patients remained non-recurrent (73%). The left atrium (LA) diameter and aortic root diameter were lager in the recurrence group (4,59±0,45 vs. 4,08±0,61 cm, p<0,001; 3,37±0,60 vs. 2,80±0,67 cm, p<0,001). The AF recurrence group before RFA had a significantly longer QTc interval than the non-recurrence group (387,23±2,31 vs. 341,22±8,91 ms, p<0,010). ROC curve analysis revealed LA diameter the most sensitive factor for AF recurrence after RFA.
Conclusions: QTc duration before radiofrequency ablation and its prolongation after intervention are independent predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence; left atrium diameter before ablation is a highly sensitive predictor in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STATUS AND SPREAD OF DERMACENTOR RETICULATUS TICKS IN UKRAINE OVER THE LAST 10 YEARS
Authors: Fedoniuk Larysa Ya. , Podobivskiy Stepan S. , Pryvrotska Iryna B. , Miklashevska Olena A. , Marchuk Olga M.
Published: September 2021

The aim: To analyze the study of the D. reticulatus ticks epidemiology and to carry out their own examinations of ticks for their infection with pathogens of infectious diseases.
Materials and methods: Identification of ticks was performed by an optoelectronic SEO system – IMAGLAB. Detection of pathogens in the studied ticks was carried out in research laboratory of I. Horbachevsky TNMU by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in real time using the amplifier “RotorGene – 6000”.
Results: The review of scientific publications concerning an epidemiological condition of D. reticulatus ticks in particular countries of Europe and in Ukraine is carried out. According to the PCR results, 5 cases out of 21 samples of Borelia burgdorferi s.l. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected. Researchers and students of I. Horbachevsky TNMU during 2017-2019 conducted field meetings in 74 locations from 10 regions of Ukraine: Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia, Ternopil, Volyn, Rivne, Zhytomyr, Chernihiv, Khmelnytsky, Vinnytsia. In 2000-2018, researchers at the Department of Acarology of the I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine the distribution of D. reticulatus in 311 locations in 79 settlements of its eastern and southern regions and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea revealed.
Conclusions: Medical geographic information system allows to create electronic cartographic models for scientific research and practical use for systematic monitoring, accounting and control of the medical and geographical situation of the study area on the prevalence of ticks and morbidity.
“TO AND FRO” BLOOD FLOW MATHEMATICAL MODEL IN VENOUS FLAP SURVIVAL
Authors: Radomski Oleksander A. , Radomska Nataliia Yu. , Кerechanyn Іryna V. , Yaremenko Lilia M. , Sankova Larysa Yu. , Kovalchuk Volodymyr M.
Published: September 2021

The aim of the research is to determine “to and fro” venous flap blood circulation perfusion ability and flap size survival.
Materials and methods: “To and fro” blood circulation mathematical model based on the theory of compressed liquid flow thought the porous medium.
Result: Designed mathematical model allows to calculate the viable flap size that depends on pedicle vessel radius, the blood pressure gradient, the blood viscosity, the elastic tissue capacity, the pulse frequency, vessels flap topography and surgical pedicle flap technique. Viable flap width may extent up to 4-6 cm.
Conclusions: Only thin skin or fascial flaps, were through venous pedicle with a lot of side branches located under the flap surface and along central flap axis may survive with “to and fro” blood circulation.
EVALUATION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFECT FROM THE INTRODUCTION OF THE MARKETING INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE TRANSPORT COMPANY: METHODICAL BASES
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Botnaryuk M.V. ,   Admiral F.F. Ushakov State Maritime University"
Published: September 2021

Based on the studies, the author comes to the conclusion that modern conditions for doing business dictate new requirements, allocating as one of the most important components of success in competition and the effective use of information and analytical support. The results of the study of literary sources and survey managers of transport companies made it possible to identify key directions for evaluating the effect from the introduction of the marketing information system in the activities of the enterprise. The formula for calculating the economic effect on the use of the marketing system, taking into account transaction costs and cyber risks.
AN INTERTEXTUAL APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF ADVERTISING SLOGANS
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Electrotechnical University ", J.V. Perlova ,   LETI",   named after V.I. Ulyanov (Lenin)
Published: September 2021

This article provides an overview of an intertextual approach to the analysis of advertising slogans, the effectiveness of slogans is estimated. Slogans are investigated from the standpoint of the theory of intertextuality. The relevance of the work is proved by the increasing interest to the advertising discourse based on the methodology of new research paradigms.
ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHALLENGES OF THE INNOVATIVE ECONOMY
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Starikova M.S. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov", Usatova L.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov", Gyamfi E.D ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov"
Published: September 2021

The article summarizes modern problems and ways to improve industrial development in Russia, taking into account the challenges of an innovative economy. A comparison is made between the planned in the Strategy for the Innovative Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 and the actually achieved indicators reflecting the state of the industry. The conclusion is made about the low level of implementation of the Strategy and the need for further programmatic and methodological support for transformations, taking into account the guidelines of neo-industrialization.
Uso de turfa e cascas na composição de substratos para produção de mudas de citros
Authors: Tazzo Ivonete Fátima , Fermino Maria Helena , Trevisam Miriam , Nascimento Priscila Aita
Published: September 2021

O Rio Grande do Sul é o sexto produtor nacional de laranja, com a maior produção na Região do Vale do Caí e entorno. O cultivo destina-se principalmente ao consumo in natura e os sistemas de produção são os mais variados, sendo o mais usual o convencional, com a muda cultivada no solo. Com o objetivo de avaliar composições de substratos para obter mudas de citros de melhor qualidade, foi realizado um experimento em Pareci Novo, no Vale do Caí/RS, entre janeiro de 2017 e março de 2019. Foram 11 composições de substrato a base de turfa marrom, casca de acácia e de pinus, com misturas variando em 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% e 50%, as quais foram submetidas a análises físicas. O porta enxerto e a muda foram avaliados quanto à altura, diâmetro do coleto, razão entre a altura e diâmetro do coleto. As mudas também foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de clorofila, massa seca parte aérea e raiz e área foliar total. Houve diferenças significativas para altura, diâmetro e razão entre a altura e diâmetro do porta enxerto. Os tratamentos com 10, 20 e 30% de casca de acácia e de pinus foram superiores.
ABOUT SOME QUESTIONS FOR MEDIATION IN COMMERCIAL RELATIONS
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Vladova-Ivanova Violeta
Published: September 2021

The report examines some aspects of commercial mediation in the context of the more and more often used mediation clauses in the commercial contracts. The advantages of mediation in resolving commercial disputes are analyzed, the role of mediation clause in the commercial contracts is specified and its content is considered, as well as some peculiarities in connection with its application. On this basis, specific conclusions and a proposal for improving the legislation are made.
OPPORTUNITIES FOR APPLICATION OF MEDIATION IN DISCRIMINATION PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   VFU Chernorizets Hrabar, Dzhumalieva Ana
Published: September 2021

The report examines the potential applications of mediation in anti-discrimination proceedings. In order to achieve an objective assessment, on one hand is considered the Bulgarian Protection against Discrimination Act and the Commission for Protection against Discrimination, as an independent specialized body, and on the other hand, the experience of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in the USA and the UK.
MEDIATION IN RESOLVING CONSUMER DISPUTES IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR - OVERVIEW OF FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND OPPORTUNITIES BEFORE THE BULGARIAN MODEL
Authors:   Center for alternative dispute resolution "Consensus", Kasikova Stanislava
Published: September 2021

This article aims to present the legal framework governing the establishment of consumer dispute resolution bodies in Bulgaria and other EU member states, as well as to analyze what should be the place of mediation as a way of alternative dispute resolution. (ADR) in resolving conflicts between traders and consumers.
MODEL FOR INTRODUCTION OF MEDIATION IN PRE EDUCATION
Authors:   Itera Institute, Chamber of mediators in Bulgaria, Savova Lilyana
Published: September 2021

The model of Institute Itera combines the necessary complex knowledge and skills for the application of mediation in the field of pre education as a public sphere with the specific features of its functioning, taking into account the legal requirements related to the functioning of mediation in Bulgaria.
APPLICATION OF MEDIATION METHODS - FROM HIGHER EDUCATION TO THE LABOR MARKET
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Andreeva Andriyana
Published: September 2021

The report examines and substantiates the interrelation between mediation - higher education - labour market. The author presents a broader understanding of the concept of mediation, going beyond the legal definition of the Mediation Act, which provides the need to create a new model of mediation in the university. The idea of academic mediation is to include it as a method for dispute resolution in the education in "professional bachelor", "bachelor" and "master" degree in the different programs in order to create a new culture of communication, upgrade of knowledge, skills and competencies and successful realization of the students on the labour market. In conclusion conclusions are made, concerning the application of the mediation in the sphere of the higher education and recommendations are made.
FOR SOME POSSIBLE ASPECTS OF MEDIATION IN HEALTH INSURANCE RELATIONS
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Yolova Galina
Published: September 2021

The work analyzes some possible aspects of the application of mediation in health insurance relations, by deriving on the one hand typical problems in the functioning of the health insurance system, and on the other - by options for solving them through the methods of out-of-court voluntary procedure. Based on the systematics, specific proposals and exemplary practices for the introduction of mediation procedures are derived.
INTEGRATING MEDIATION IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors:   Kindergarten №23 Iglika - Varna, Petrova Marcela
Published: September 2021

The report presents the main positions in mediation, the necessary skills of the mediator and the types of mediators in the specifics of preschool education. The possibilities for introducing mediation in the system are presented. Our research on the topic and our attempt to create an innovative project "Mediation in kindergarten".
LEGAL REGULATION OF THE HEALTH MEDIATOR AND ITS IMPACT ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL
Authors:   Technical University - Varna, Petrova Daniela
Published: September 2021

The activity of the health mediator has a sustainable impact on people's lives, both in the smaller community groups and on the overall educational, health and economic growth of the society. During the Kovid 19 pandemic, the practice of the profession of health mediator is of utmost importance and significance, with a view to informing and preventing health. The author of this article presents the legal framework of the health mediator in the national and European legislation. The aim of the author is to present the legal and professional requirements for the health mediator. The health mediator is already an established and legally regulated profession, which operates in the individual municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria.
THE CONFLICT IN THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE CRIMINAL AND THE VICTIM AND THE INSTITUTE OF MEDIATION
Authors:   Varna Free University "Chernorizets Hrabar", Kovacheva Galina
Published: September 2021

The current paper presents the offender-victim interaction in the criminogenic situation and some ways to prevent and resolve the conflicts. Mediation is considered in comparative plan with other approaches aimed at protecting victims of crime, protection of their rights and crime reduction.
MEDIATION AS PART OF JUDICIAL REFORM
Authors:   Varna District Court, Marinov Marin
Published: September 2021

The report examines mediation as part of the judicial reform in Bulgaria. The focus of the material is on the established judicial centers and the need to create similar ones in all other regional centers or district courts.
LANGUAGE FEATURES OF MEDIATION
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Dosev Vladimir
Published: September 2021

In its essence mediation is a facilitating communication process where an impartial third party (mediator) assists disputing parties in resolving conflict through the use of various language techniques. Due to the fact that mediation is based on communication, the mediator must have various language skills. This paper examines some of the most important language features of mediation.
Evaluation of the validity of Ag PANBIO-COVID19 in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic or mildly infected patients
Authors: Gras-Valenti Paula , Vidal Inmaculada , Montiel-Higuero Inés , Escribano Isabel , Algado-Selles Natividad , Chico-Sánchez Pablo , Ventero Maria Paz , Jiménez-Sepulveda Natali , Molina-Pardines Carmen , Merino-Lucas Esperanza , Sánchez-Payá José , Rodríguez Juan Carlos ,   Servicio Microbiología. Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, España
Published: September 2021

Objective. To assess the validity of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen (Ag) detection for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in mildly infected or asymptomatic patients. Material and methods. Observational study to evaluate diagnostic tests. Non-hospitalized patients with indication for diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. The diagnostic test to be evaluated was the determination of Ag and as a reference standard to determine the presence of viral RNA the RT-PCR was used. Results. A total of 494 patients were included. Of these 71.5% (353/494) had symptoms and 28.5% (141/494) were asymptomatic (presurgery screening (35/494) and confirmed case-contact (106/494). The overall sensitivity of the Ag test was 61.1% and the specificity was 99.7%. The sensitivity and specificity in the asymptomatic group were 40% and 100% respectively, and in the symptomatic group 63.5% and 99.6% respectively. In turn, the sensitivity and specificity in the group of symptomatic patients varied according to the time of symptom evolution: in patients with recent symptoms, they were 71.4% and 99.6% respectively, while in patients with symptoms of more than 5 days of evolution, they were 26.7% and 100% respectively. In all groups studied, the presence of antigen is associated with a high viral load (Ct<30 cycles). Conclusions. The use of Ag detection test is not indicated for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic patients or with symptoms of more than 5 days of evolution, but it could be useful in patients with symptoms of 1-5 days of evolution.
Monolingualer und bilingualer Erwerb von Wortbildungsstrategien im Deutschen
Authors: Scherger Anna-Lena , Kliemke Lena
Published: September 2021

The present study investigates word formation processes and strategies in monolingual and bilingual children by age 7 to 8. Using an elicitation task in form of naming of low frequent complex objects, it is analyzed whether bilingual children use other word formation strategies than monolinguals do. Therefore, N=9 monolinguals and N=9 bilinguals were tested. N=268 elicited reactions were analyzed. Results show bilinguals to use the same word formation strategies to the same extent as monolinguals do. Compounding overweighs derivation in each child. However, a more in-depth qualitative analysis shows that the complex compounds formed by bilingual children disregard the German composition rule of right-hand heads to a significantly higher extent than the monolingual children do. Since this acquisition process has been reported for German monolingual 2-year old children, this result is interpreted as a delayed acquisition process rather than a transfer from the respective first language.
 
Dieser Beitrag ist ursprünglich im Peter-Lang-Verlag erschienen (https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/plg/jwf/2021/00000005/00000002/art00001)
Determinan Kepatuhan Ibu Hamil dalam Mengkonsumsi Obat selama Kehamilan
Authors: Wahyuni Islah , Suryani Linda
Published: September 2021

The use of drugs during pregnancy aims to improve the health of the mother and fetus. The provision must be adjusted to the needs of the mother and must be under the supervision of health workers. Maternal compliance in taking drugs during pregnancy is influenced by several factors, such as knowledge, attitudes, explanations of how to use drugs from health workers, perceptions and experiences and others. The purpose of the study was to identify the determinants of compliance of pregnant women in consuming drugs during pregnancy. The research sample was 54 respondents who were pregnant women from March to May 2021. The results showed that 29 respondents (53.7%) were obedient in taking drugs during pregnancy, based on the explanation of the majority of health workers, namely 34 people (79.1%), The majority of knowledge is good, namely 35 people (72.9%). Based on the attitude of the majority positive, namely 44 people (68.8%), based on anxiety about drug side effects the majority were 33 people (68.8%), based on the frequency of routine ANC visits (≥4x) namely 32 people (59.2% ). It is hoped that pregnant women can pay attention to the rules and procedures for taking drugs during this pregnancy.
Studi Deskriptif Kualitatif tentang Partisipasi Remaja dalam Keikutsertaan Posyandu Remaja
Authors: Prajayanti Hilda , Maslikah Maslikhah
Published: September 2021

Adolescence is a period of storm and stress, because adolescents experience many challenges both from themselves (biopsychosocial factors) and the environment (environmental factors). The complexity of health problems in adolescents, of course, requires a comprehensive and integrated treatment that involves all elements from across programs and related sectors. The establishment of the Youth Posyandu is expected to be a forum to facilitate adolescents in understanding adolescent health problems. Data collection uses primary data and secondary data. The instrument used in the form of interviews. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of youth participation in the participation of the Youth Posyandu. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research design with a case study approach, data collection uses primary data and secondary data. The data collection technique used in-depth interviews. The research instrument used an interview guide. The research subjects consisted of the main informants, namely teenagers who attended the youth posyandu as many as 5 people. The triangulation informants were 2 cadres and 1 health worker. The sampling technique used purposive sampling The data were analyzed using Content Analysis. The results showed that the youth posyandu activities included examination of TB, BB, TD, LILA and counseling on reproductive health. Factors that influence the participation of youth posyandu are by encouraging the cadres, the availability of facilities for the implementation of youth posyandu.
Penurunan Kecemasan melalui Senam Prolanis Pada Lansia
Authors: Prafitasari Ike , Mawaddah Nurul , Arini Oktovian Dwi
Published: September 2021

Indonesia has reached the phase of the old structured country because it has an elderly population which reaches 9.27% ​​of the total population. Problems experienced were increasing due to the prevalence in the elderly due to decrease capability of physical and mental. Prolanist exercises a form of physical exercise that was overcoming adversity in the elderly. This study aimed to study the effect of prolanist exercises on anxiety in the elderly in the working area of ​​the Sumberbaru Health Center. The design of this study was pre-experimental with a total sampling technique with a total sample of 29 prolanist members. Analysis of the data used was a paired t-test statistical test. The results obtained before prolanis exercises most of the elderly were at mild anxiety levels, with an average HARS score of 19.76. After prolanis exercises the elderly anxiety almost half are in the level of mild anxiety, with an average HARS score of 18.10. Based on statistical tests with a significance level of α = 0.05, the results obtained p value 0,000. Because the value of p <α (0.05), Ho was rejected. So there was an effect prolanist exercises for anxiety the elderly at the Sumberbaru Health Center. Prolanis exercises activities created social interaction between the elderly so that the elderly cannot feel isolated. Prolanis exercises also increase oxygen absorption, pain management, and trigger endorphins to created a sense of calm thereby reducing anxiety in the elderly.
Maahan muuttaneiden kokonaisvaltainen kotoutuminen edellyttää myös poliittista osallisuutta
Authors: Sipinen Josefina
Published: September 2021

Artikkeli on tehty YTT Josefina Sipisen 23.4.2021 Tampereen yliopistossa pidetyn väitöstilaisuuden lektiosta. Väitöskirjan nimi on Recruitment of Immigrant-origin Candidates in Finnish Municipal Elections.
Tutkimusleikkaukset ovat lyhytnäköistä politiikkaa
Authors: Mäkinen Katja , Salo Miika
Published: September 2021

Pääkirjoitus 3/2021.
Yagder serratus, a new eyeless weevil from Mexico and the non-monophyly of Brachycerinae, the evolutionary twilight zone of true weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Grebennikov Vasily V. , Anderson Robert S.
Published: September 2021

We describe and illustrate a new eyeless weevil, Yagder serratus gen. & sp. nov., based on a single adult female collected by sifting forest leaf litter in Mexico. A phylogenetic analysis of 39 terminals and 2679 aligned positions from three DNA fragments places the new species into the subfamily Brachycerinae (as incertae sedis) and outside the highly diversified clade of ‘higher’ true weevils. Neither Brachycerinae, nor its tribe Raymondionymini traditionally uniting most eyeless weevils, are monophyletic unless the latter is limited to a Mediterranean core group. Both these taxa are taxonomic dumping-grounds likely containing species-poor sisters of species-rich clades. When resolved, the subfamily Brachycerinae will be likely split into two or more species-poor deeply-divergent subfamilies.
„Hochkaräter“ für hochglänzendes Ergebnis
Authors: Sauermann Nico
Published: September 2021

Hightech in Sachen Ventiltechnik kommt aus dem Landkreis Hohenlohe. Entscheidend für die anerkannt hohe Qualität ist die Oberflächengüte der Anschlussflächen. Und für deren anspruchsvolle Herstellung kommt ein Werkzeugspezialist mit ins Spiel.
Energetische Analysen für Strahlplattenheizungen
Authors: Seifert Joachim , Schinke Lars , Perschk Alf , Gritzki Ralf , Rösler Markus , Rosenkranz Jens , Oschatz Bert
Published: September 2021

Deckenstrahlplatten stellen in Großräumen ein typisches System zur Wärmeübergabe dar. Das wasserbasierte System ist hierbei an ein hydraulisches Verteilsystem angeschlossen und kann mit unterschiedlichen Erzeugungssystemen betrieben werden. Für Wärmeerzeuger (Brennwertgeräte/KWK-Systeme oder Wärmepumpen) liegen umfangreiche, energetische Untersuchungen unter verschiedensten Randbedingungen vor. Auf der Wärmeübergabeseite, zu denen Deckenstrahlplatten gehören, sind die Analysen derzeit jedoch begrenzt. Die nachfolgende Veröffentlichung fokussiert auf den Aspekt der Wärmeübergabe und stellt neue energetische Erkenntnisse im Bereich der Deckenstrahlplatten vor.
Infrared thermography analysis with a low-cost camera in plaster sculptures of museum collections
Authors: Bordalo Rui , Carvalho Salomé , Abreu José Guilherme , Vieira Eduarda
Published: September 2021

Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-destructive and non-invasive technique that provides the possibility to investigate the surface of sculptures for the detection of subsurface features and anomalies such as delamination, layer structure, fillings, and defects. IRT has been widely used in buildings and large structures, as well as in works of art such as bronze sculptures and paintings. This article describes the application of active infrared thermography, using a portable low-cost IRT camera, in the examination of plaster sculptures, a material where it has not yet been applied to. In particular, it was used in two plaster sculptures by 19th-century Portuguese artist Soares dos Reis, within a wider project (GEO-SR) aimed at the study of his work. The results indicate that thermography is a suitable technique with a great potential to detect alterations under the surface of plaster, revealing a new look into its manufacturing and conservation.