bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UAV mountain material transportation based on an improved sparrow search algorithm
Authors: He Yong , Wang Mingran
Published: February 2024

Aiming at problems such as slow planning time and local optimality when the sparrow search algorithm is applied to UAV transportation of materials in mountainous areas, a multi-strategy improved sparrow search algorithm is proposed by analyzing UAV performance and performance constraints. Firstly, the optimal point set is used in the population initialization stage to increase the quality of the initial solution. Secondly, the nonlinear dynamic weight factor is used to optimize the discoverer update formula to avoid the discoverer's dependence on its position, extend the search range in the early stage, and accelerate the convergence rate in the later stage. Then the crazy operator is integrated to optimize the predator update formula and improve the local search ability. Finally, the lens imaging reverse learning of dynamic boundary is used to avoid the local optimization of the algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by six test functions, and the proposed algorithm is applied to UAV material transportation. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a faster convergence speed and a shorter planned path than the traditional algorithm.
Determination of Electrolytes and Trace Elements in Biological Samples of Patients with Oligozoospermia,Asthenozoospermia, Oligoasthenozoospermia, Oliasthenoteratozoospermia, Teratozoospermia: A Correlational Analysis
Authors: Unar Ahsanullah , Afridi Hassan Imran , Ali Asim
Published: February 2024

Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) is a condition characterized by low sperm count, poor motility, and abnormal morphology, which poses a significant challenge to male reproductive health. The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of essential trace and electrolyte elements, such as calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, selenium, and zinc, in biological samples from individuals diagnosed with OAT. This study utilized correlational analysis to determine the po-tential associations between these elements and male fertility. Imbalances in these elements have been linked to various pathological conditions and male reproductive issues. One hundred eighty referent male adults and three hundred forty-eight patients diagnosed with subtypes of infertility were included in the study, divided into four age groups. Acid digestion was controlled using a microwave oven, and the essential trace and electrolyte elements in the oxidized biological samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Certified reference materials of blood and serum were used to validate the accuracy of the methodology. The results showed that the con-centrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Se, and Zn in the blood, serum, and seminal plasma of male adults in all age groups were higher than those in patients with different infertility phenotypes. Essential element deficiency in all biological fluid samples may significantly negatively affect human re-productive health and lead to male infertility. Through a multidimensional approach, our study sought to unravel the intricate biochemical signatures associated with OAT, providing insights that may shape the landscape of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for male reproductive health.
Automatic Solar Flare Detective with the Solar Disk Imager onboard the ASO-S Mission
Authors: Lu Lei , Tian Zhengyuan , Feng Li , Shan Jiahui , Li Hui , Su Yang , Li Ying , Huang Yu , Li Youping , Li Jingwei , Zhao Jie , Ying Beili , Xue Jianchao , Zhang Ping , Song Dechao , Li Shuting , Shi Guanglu , Su Yingna , Zhang Qingmin , Ge Yunyi , Chen Bo , Li Qiao , Li Gen , Zhou Yue , Tian Jun , Liu Xiaofeng , Jing Zhichen , Gan Weiqun , Song Kefei , He Lingping , Lei Shijun
Published: February 2024

We present an automated solar flare detective, a software tool to automatically process solar observation images, detect and track solar flares, and finally compile an event catalog. It is capable of identifying and tracking flares that happen simultaneously or temporally close together. The method to identify a flare is based on the local intensity changes in macropixels. The basic characteristics such as the time and location information of a flare are determined with a triple-threshold scheme, with the first threshold (global threshold) to determine the occurrence (location) of the flare, and the second/third threshold (local threshold) to determine the start/end time of the flare. We have applied this tool to one month of continuous solar ultraviolet (UV) images obtained by the Solar Disk Imager (SDI) onboard the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S), which show solar activities such as flare, filament/prominence, and solar jets. Our automated tool efficiently detected a total number of 226 solar events. After a visual inspection, we found that only one event was misidentified (not related to solar activities). We compared the detected events with the GOES X-ray flare list and found that our tool can detect 73\% of GOES M-class and above flares (37 out of 51), from which we conclude that the intensity increase in SDI UV images can be considered as a good indicator of a solar flare.
Investigating How Inflammation Involving NF-κB Signaling Disrupts the Genetic Architecture of Neurons/Neural Stem Cells and Fuels Neurodegeneration
Authors: Shafi Ovais , Rajpar Rahimeen , Yaqoob Uzair , Rahman Ibrahim Abdul , Savanti  , Madhwani Manwar , Haseeb Madiha , Raveena
Published: February 2024

Background: Understanding how inflammation disrupts neural stem cells and neuronal genetic architecture is crucial. This investigation explores these mechanisms, aiming to decipher the role of inflammation in disrupting neuronal genetic architecture. Unraveling these complexities may reveal therapeutic targets, offering hope for precision interventions to impede or slow the progression of debilitating neurodegenerative conditions.Methods: Databases including PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar were searched for published articles without any date restrictions, involving NF-κB and neurogenic genes/signaling pathways/transcription factors. They were investigated in the study to unravel how inflammation disrupts the neural stem cells (NSCs) and neuronal genetic architecture, and how this process fuels the development of neurodegeneration. This study adheres to relevant PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses).Results: This study reveals how NF-κB activation plays a central role in inflammation-induced disruption, mediating transcriptional dysregulation of key neurogenic factors like Ngn1, NeuroD, and PDGF, compromising the neurogenic code. Downregulation of neurotrophic factors, notably BDNF, increases neuronal vulnerability to apoptotic pathways, accelerating neurodegeneration. Inflammatory processes extend to the genomic landscape, affecting genes crucial for neurogenesis and synaptic function, contributing to observed synaptic dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, inflammation disrupts NSCs, impairing neurogenesis and compromising neural progenitor dynamics, diminishing the regenerative potential of the nervous system. Identified therapeutic strategies include precision targeting of NF-κB, restoration of neurotrophic support, and interventions promoting proper gene expression and neurogenesis, offering promising avenues for mitigating inflammation-induced damage and halting neurodegenerative progression.Conclusion: This study investigates the intricate impact of inflammation on neural stem cells (NSCs) and neuronal genetic architecture, providing insights into the pathogenesis disrupting neuronal architecture. NF-κB-mediated disruptions compromise neurotrophic support, impair neurogenesis, induce synaptic dysfunction, and enhance vulnerability to apoptosis. This orchestrated genomic dysregulation contributes to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Therapeutically, precision targeting of NF-κB, restoration of neurotrophic support, and promotion of neurogenesis emerge as promising strategies to mitigate inflammation-induced damage, offering potential avenues for interventions to impede the neurodegenerative cascade.
Classification and Generation of Arabic News Titles from Raw Text Based on an Encoder-Decoder Transformer Model (mT5)
Authors: Mohsen‬‏ ‪Ayedh Abdulaziz , Al-Nahari Marwah Yahya , Alsubari Akram
Published: February 2024

Multilingual Transformer 5 (MT5) is a versatile architecture in natural language processing (NLP) that demonstrates proficiency across various languages. This study aimed to improve the performance of the MT5 model in two key tasks: topic classification and headline generation. The datasets used were 183K and 294K samples. The classification task involved categorizing news articles, while the news generation task aimed to create coherent and contextually relevant Arabic news content. Through careful fine-tuning and rigorous evaluation, the MT5 model significantly advances its ability to address complex challenges in Arabic NLP. This study provides practical insights into real-world applications in processing Arab news. The performance of the MT5 model was evaluated using various online platforms. The mT5small model achieved an accuracy of 0.7858 and an F1 score of 0.7858, while the mT5base model achieved an accuracy of 0.8230 and an F1 score of 0.8230. The generative approach for headline generation yielded Rouge-1, Rouge-2, and Rouge-L scores under the task "Generative of Headlines." These outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the fine-tuned MT5 model across various evaluation metrics and tasks, confirming its potential for practical applications in Arabic NLP.
Drought Responses in Three Apple Cultivars Using an Autonomous Sensor-based Irrigation System
Authors: Bierer Andrew M. , Tang Lisa
Published: February 2024

Irrigation decision support systems evolving in the domestic temperate tree fruit production industry incorporate measures of soil moisture status, which diverges from classic physiological indicators of edaphic stress. This study used an autonomous sensor-based irrigation system to impose a water deficit (soil matric potential targets of –25, –40, –60, and –80 kPa) on ‘Autumn Gala’, ‘CrimsonCrisp’, and ‘Golden Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica) cultivars grafted to ‘Budagovsky 9’ rootstock in the greenhouse (n = 60). It was hypothesized that relationships between physiological plant function, assessed via infrared gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, and the soil matric potential may be used to advance emerging irrigation decision support systems. Complications arising from defoliation by day 11 at –60 and –80 kPa indicate the generation of substrate-specific soil–water relationships in research applications of autonomous sensor-based irrigation systems. ‘Autumn Gala’ carbon assimilation rates at –80 kPa declined from day 0 to day 8 (9.93 and 5.86 μmol⋅m–2⋅s–1 carbon dioxide), whereas the transpiration rate was maintained, potentially reducing observed defoliation as other cultivars increased transpiration to maintain carbon assimilation. Correlation matrices revealed Pearson’s r ≤ |0.43| for all physiological metrics considered with soil matric potential. Nevertheless, exploratory regression analysis on predawn leaf water potential, carbon assimilation, transpiration, stomatal conductance, and nonphotochemical quenching exposed speculatively useful data and data shapes that warrant additional study. Nonlinear piecewise regression suggested soil matric potential may useful as a predictor for the rate of change in predawn leaf water potential upon exposure to a water deficit. The critical point bridging the linear spans, –30.6 kPa, could be useful for incorporating in emerging irrigation decision support systems.
Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Yield Levels Using Soluble and Controlled-release Urea Formulations in Tomato Production
Authors: Jalpa Laura , Mylavarapu Rao S. , Hochmuth George , Li Yuncong , Rathinasabapathi Bala , van Santen Edzard
Published: February 2024

This research study evaluated the suitability of controlled-release urea (CRU) as an alternate nitrogen (N) fertilizer source to conventional soluble urea (U) for tomato production under a humid, warm climate in coastal plain soils. Tomatoes are typically produced on raised plastic-mulched beds, where U is fertigated through multiple applications. On the other hand, CRU is applied once at planting, incorporated into soil before the raised beds are covered with plastic mulch. N source and management will likely impact tomato yield, N use efficiency (NUE), and apparent recovery of N fertilizer (APR). A 2-year field study was conducted on fall and spring tomato crops in north Florida to determine the crop N requirement and NUE in tomatoes (var. HM 1823) grown in sandy soils under a plastic-mulched bed system. In addition to a no N fertilizer treatment, three urea N sources [one soluble source and two polymer-coated CRU sources with different N release durations of 60 (CRU-60) and 75 (CRU-75) days] were applied at three N rates (140, 168, and 224 kg⋅ha−1). Across all N sources and N rates, fall yields were at least 20% higher than spring seasons. At the 140 kg⋅ha−1 N rate, APR and NUE were improved, especially when U was applied in fall tomato, whereas preplant CRUs improved N efficiency in spring tomato. Based on the lower APR values found in spring production seasons (0% to 16%) when compared with fall (57.1% to 72.6%), it can be concluded that residual soil N was an important source for tomatoes. In addition, the mean whole-plant N accumulation of tomato was 102.5 kg⋅ha−1, further indicating that reducing the N rate closer to crop N demand would greatly improve conventional vegetable production systems on sandy soils in north Florida. In conclusion, polymer-coated CRU and fertigation U applications were able to supply the N requirement of spring and fall tomato at a 38% reduction of the recommended N rate for tomato in Florida (224 kg⋅ha−1). Preliminary results show that adoption of CRU fertilizers can be considered a low-risk alternative N source for tomato production and the ease of applying CRU once during the bed preparation period for tomato may be an additional incentive.
Материалы II конференции «Актуальные вопросы диагностики и лечения Ph-негативных и Ph-позитивных миелопролиферативных заболеваний» (15–16 марта 2019 г., ФГБУ «НМИЦ гематологии» Минздрава России, Москва)
Authors: Меликян А. Л. , Туркина А. Г. , Суборцева И. Н. , Челышева Е. Ю. , Ковригина А. М. , Шуваев В. А. , Байков В.В. , Виноградова О. Ю. , Куликов С. М. , Петрова А. Н. , Быкова А. В. , Пошивай А.-П. А. , Власова Ю. Ю. , Чукавина М. М. , Сердюк О. Д. , Наумова К. В. , Сиордия Н. Т. , Лазорко Н. С. , Грозов Р. В. , Мулло Э. И. , Максимова А. С. , Сендерова О. М. , Каня О. В. , Фоминых М. С. , Шихбабаева Д. И. , Белякова Е. А. , Мартынкевич И. С. , Полушкина Л. Б. , Зенина М. Н. , Ефремова Е. В. , Ругаль В. И. , Папаян Л. П. , Корсакова Н. Е. , Матвиенко О. Ю. , Сырцева Е. Б. , Гаппоев С. В. , Барабанщикова М. В. , Иванова М. О. , Капланов К. Д. , Рогова Е. С. , Тризна К. Б. , Жевняк А. С. , Очирова О. Е. , Шахаева А. А. , Лямкина А. С. , Михно И. П. , Черных Ю. Б. , Чуданова Т. В. , Контиевский И. Н. , Глонина Н. Н. , Бурундукова М. В.
Published: February 2024

The publication contains materials of the reports presented at the II Conference “Current Issues of Diagnosis and Treatment of Ph-Negative and Ph-Positive Myeloproliferative Neoplasms” held from 15 to 16 March 2019 at the National Research Center for Hematology (Moscow). The conference was organized to enable professional communication of the clinicians specializing in the treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and the researchers in the related fields as well as to allow the exchange of views on the implementation of current diagnosis and treatment methods in Ph-negative and Ph-positive MPNs. Reports covered a wide range of rare and non-standard settings. Of particular importance was the opportunity to debate them in detail at panel discussions and interactive sessions. This format of the conference allowed to provide expert opinions in the present publication. It emphasizes the importance of complex diagnosis in MPN using morphological examination of bone marrow core biopsy samples and molecular genetic testing. Accordingly, the second day of the conference was devoted to a thorough analysis of the morphological characteristics of the cases presented and based on bone marrow core biopsy samples.
Applications and Considerations for AI-EO for Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Nakalembe Catherine L. , Kerner Hannah R.
Published: February 2024

With the ever-growing urgency of food insecurity and the threat of climate change, there is increasing interest in using artificial intelligence for Earth observations (AI-EO) for agriculture, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This paper provides an overview of the primary research areas within AI-EO for agriculture in SSA. We discuss examples and limitations of current research as well as opportunities for future work. In addition, we identify ten key considerations for future efforts involving AI-EO for agriculture in SSA.
Machine Learning Analysis of Music Based on Music Information Retrieval Tasks
Authors: Folorunso S. O. , Banjo O. O. , Awotunde J. B , Ayo F. E.
Published: February 2024

Music Information Retrieval (MIR) methods extracts from music high-level information like classification, musical feature extraction, song similarity and tonality. Musical genre is one of the orthodox methods of describing musical content and a significant part of MIR. At present, few MIR research has been done on Nigerian songs. So, this paper proposed to build a genre classification model based on Mel Spectrogram of audio songs. The process first converts ORIN audio dataset to Mel Spectrogram and extract numerical information from it using the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and apply machine learning (ML) models to accurately categorize the songs into different genres of Apala, Fuji, Juju, Highlife and Waka. Support Vector Machine (SVM) with 4 different kernels, with 10- cross validation method were applied and assessed based on Accuracy and Receiver operating characteristics (ROC).
Globalization in Computer Science Education: A Case Study of Wentworth’s Open House for Nigeria
Authors: Folajimi Yetunde , Egezer Memo , Othman Salem , Suresh-Menon Durga
Published: February 2024

It is important for colleges to have a diverse applicant pool as part of their diversity and inclusion practices. This paper discusses the recent efforts of faculty and staff at Wentworth Institute of Technology’s School of Computing and Data Science (SCDS), to increase the population of international students from Africa as part of the diversity and inclusion strategies of the University. This resulted in a 2-day event hosted by SCDS, to create awareness about the school’s diversity plans. The event tagged “Virtual Open House for Nigeria” was an inaugural open house event for prospective international students, their families, and sponsors to meet the Wentworth SCDS faculty and learn about our specialties in Computer Science, Computer Networking, Cybersecurity, Applied Mathematics, Applied Computer Science, and Data Science / Business Analytics, and was hosted virtually on October 8-9 2021. Day 1 of the event featured an opportunity for prospective international students from Nigeria, as well as their parents, sponsors, or teachers, to meet the Wentworth Dean and faculty and learn about our specialties in Computer Science, Computer Networking, Cybersecurity, Applied Mathematics, Applied Computer Science, Data Science/Business Analytics, while day 2 featured Data Science and Machine Learning Workshop, as well as a session on strong application and funding tips for prospective students. This paper summarizes some of the activities by the School of Computing and Data Science at Wentworth Institute of Technology, to demonstrate its commitment to inclusiveness through recruitment agenda for international students. Thus, we discuss the day one activities, where the potential students, parents and mentors had the opportunity of interacting with Wentworth faculty and staff in any of three two-hour sessions.
Keynote Talk: How DSN is Contributing to Social Impact in Africa
Authors: Osakuade Opeyemi
Published: February 2024

DSN-Data Scientists Network (formerly Data Science Nigeria) is committed to raising 1 million AI talents and building AI solutions that improve the quality of life and wellbeing of 2 billion people in an emerging market. DSN is the No 1 Artificial Intelligence learning community and solution delivery network in Africa. We won the Matthai Impact Award at Deep Learning Indaba 2019. One of DSN’s papers on the use of AI to address financial inclusion was the best poster at the 21st edition of the ACM Conference on Economics and Computation (EC’ 20), the world’s premier conference on the interface of economics and computer science, organized by the Association for Computing Machinery, New York, United States. 2 Products initiated, conceptualized and developed by DSN were selected in the 2021 Global Top 100 AI Products by UNESCO IRCAI. DSN-Data Scientists Network (formerly Data Science Nigeria) is building cross-country AI learning and research communities, developing AI solutions that enhance the quality of life and wellbeing of 2 billion people in emerging markets such as CareerTech, FinTech, RetailTech, EdTech, PlatformTech and HealthTech. DSN’s work has won academic and social impact awards across the world which has been showcased as a best practice in delivering scalable learning, research and social good solutions development. We released the 1st Artificial Intelligence and Python Book for elementary students and beginners in Africa and we recently opened a dedicated AI Research Lab Hub in Yaba, Lagos for Social Impact. Our renewed focus will see us delivering on our vision through a renewed focus on 3 core areas; A community for learning and research Product development for social impact Partnerships for solution delivery
Avaliação do Consumo Alimentar de Crianças em Vulnerabilidade Social do Município de São José, SC, Brasil
Authors: De Oliveira Sara Amy , Serpa Léo , De Lima Elinete Eliete
Published: February 2024

A alimentação saudável é essencial em todos os ciclos de vida, entretanto, na primeira infância a alimentação inadequada pode ter consequências negativas para o crescimento e desenvolvimento da criança. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o consumo alimentar de crianças de 3 a 5 anos atendidas por uma organização não governamental que acolhe crianças em vulnerabilidade social, no município de São José, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Um questionário, aplicado de forma on-line, foi criado a partir dos “Marcadores do consumo alimentar” do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional”, acrescido de listas de alimentos de cada grupo, para a avaliação da diversidade alimentar. Participaram 229 crianças, entre meninas (52,84%) e meninos (47,16%), cujas mães em sua maioria trabalham fora e cursaram o ensino médio, com renda familiar per capita de até um salário mínimo. Foi identificado o consumo considerável de alimentos ultraprocessados, com destaque para guloseimas (70%), e uso de  dispositivos eletrônicos  durante as refeições (63%). Apenas 43,85% das crianças consumiram todos os grupos alimentares abordados, sendo o grupo de verduras e legumes o menos consumido. Conclui-se que se faz necessária a execução de estratégias de intervenção para promoção e melhoria do perfil alimentar e nutricional das crianças e de suas famílias. Destaca-se, no entanto, a necessidade de intervenções que perpassem a esfera individual, com destaque para a implementação de políticas públicas de saúde intersetoriais.
Culture of tax contribution in Colombia: a tool against evasion and avoidance
Authors: Borja Barrera Milicen , González Cortés Luz Dary
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The collection of taxes is essential for the economy of any country, including Colombia, enabling the State to fulfill its social and cultural responsibilities. However, the question arises whether there is a contributory culture in Colombia that avoids practices such as tax evasion and avoidance. Colombia's Tax Administration, through DIAN, has implemented programs like "Culture of Contribution in School" and "For a More Honest Colombia" to promote a tax culture and avoid coercion through severe sanctions. Objective: The purpose of this article was related to know according to the literature the cultural aspects that surround the tax culture in Colombia and how they are used as tools against tax evasion. Methodology: The paper is based on a quantitative methodologicalapproach, seeking to identify literature published in academic and scientific journals. This article theoretically examines tax culture, tax evasion and avoidance, and the sanctioning regime in Colombia, assessing how these factors influence the rates of tax evasion and avoidance and the country's sanctioning stance. Results: Aspects such as citizens' reluctance to pay taxes, the uncertainty generated by constant tax reforms, and the need to promote tax compliance for the country's development are discussed. Conclusion: Itconcludes that citizen contribution will increase if there is observed good management of state resources, equitable tax reforms, and effective educational work on the importance of contributing, thus increasing the tax culture in Colombia.
FAMILIA ONOCLEACEAE
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Román Vázquez Josué , Bedolla García Brenda Yudith ,   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío
Published: February 2024

Familia constituida por cuatro géneros: Matteuccia Tod., Onoclea L., Onocleopsis F. Ballard y Pentarhizidium Hayata. Se distribuye en zonas templadas del este de Asia, América del norte, centro-sur de México y Guatemala.
Characterization of chitinases of Beauveria bassiana (Bv ) induced in semisolid-state fermentation
Authors: Lovera Andrea , Belaich Mariano , Mejía Cindy , Villamizar Laura , Patarroyo, Manuel A. , Barrera Gloria
Published: February 2024

A major consideration in the development of biopesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi has been the virulence and pathogenicity in terms of mean time of mortality and mean lethal concentration against the target insect. Virulence factors as chitinases degrade insect chitin facilitating the hyphal penetration through the cuticle. In this sense, Beauveria bassiana chitinases are an important cuticle-degrading group of enzymes implicated in the pathogenesis to insects, with high potential to develop biotechnological tools for in pest control. The aim of this study was to characterize chitinases produced by a Colombian strain of B. bassiana (Bv062) isolated from a Diatraea sp. larvae naturally infected in a sugar cane crop.
Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Testing Adherence in a University Town: Recurrent Event Modeling Analysis
Authors: García Yury E , Schmidt Alec J , Solis Leslie , Daza-Torres María L , Montesinos-López J Cricelio , Pollock Brad H , Nuño Miriam
Published: February 2024

Background

Healthy Davis Together was a program launched in September 2020 in the city of Davis, California, to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and facilitate the return to normalcy. The program involved multiple interventions, including free saliva-based asymptomatic testing, targeted communication campaigns, education efforts, and distribution of personal protective equipment, community partnerships, and investments in the local economy.

Objective

This study identified demographic characteristics of individuals that underwent testing and assessed adherence to testing over time in a community pandemic-response program launched in a college town in California, United States.

Methods

This study outlines overall testing engagement, identifies demographic characteristics of participants, and evaluates testing participation changes over 4 periods of the COVID-19 pandemic, distinguished by the dominant variants Delta and Omicron. Additionally, a recurrent model is employed to explore testing patterns based on the participants’ frequency, timing, and demographic characteristics.

Results

A total of 770,165 tests were performed between November 18, 2020, and June 30, 2022, among 89,924 (41.1% of total population) residents of Yolo County, with significant participation from racially or ethnically diverse participants and across age groups. Most positive cases (6351 of total) and highest daily participation (895 per 100,000 population) were during the Omicron period. There were some gender and age-related differences in the pattern of recurrent COVID-19 testing. Men were slightly less likely (hazard ratio [HR] 0.969, 95% CI 0.943-0.996) to be retested and more likely (HR 1.104, 95% CI 1.075-1.134) to stop testing altogether than women. People aged between 20 and 34 years were less likely to be retested (HR 0.861, 95% CI 0.828-0.895) and more likely to stop testing altogether (HR 2.617, 95% CI 2.538-2.699). However, older age groups were less likely to stop testing, especially those aged between 65-74 years and 75-84 years, than those aged between 0 and 19 years. The likelihood of stopping testing was lower (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.889-0.976) for the Asian group and higher for the Hispanic or Latino (HR 1.185, 95% CI 1.148-1.223) and Black or African American (HR 1.198, 95% CI 1.054-1.350) groups than the White group.

Conclusions

The unique features of a pandemic response program that supported community-wide access to free asymptomatic testing provide a unique opportunity to evaluate adherence to testing recommendations and testing trends over time. Identification of individual and group-level factors associated with testing behaviors can provide insights for identifying potential areas of improvement in future testing initiatives.
Effectiveness and Experiences of Quality Improvement Interventions in Older Adult Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Jabin Md Shafiqur Rahman , Samuriwo Ray , Chilaka Marcus , Yaroson Emilia Vann
Published: February 2024

Background

Quality improvement (QI) interventions are designed to resolve the recurring challenges of care for older individuals, such as working conditions for staff, roles of older individuals in their own care and their families, and relevant stakeholders. Therefore, there is a need to map the impacts of QI interventions in older adult care settings and further improve health and social care systems associated with older adults.

Objective

This review aims to compile and synthesize the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of policy and practice QI interventions in older adult care. The secondary aim is to understand the care of older individuals and QI intervention-related experiences and perspectives of stakeholders, care providers, older individuals, and their families.

Methods

The mixed methods review will follow the standard methodology used by Joanna Briggs Institute. The published studies will be searched through CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ASSIA, and Web of Science, and the unpublished studies through Mednar, Trove, OCLC WorldCat, and Dissertations and Theses. This review included both qualitative and quantitative analyses of patients undergoing older adult care and any health and care professionals involved in the care delivery for older adults; a broad range of QI interventions, including assistive technologies, effects of training and education, improved reporting, safety programs, and medical devices; the experiences and perspectives of staff and patients; the context of older adult care setting; and a broad range of outcomes, including patient safety. The standard procedure for reporting, that is, PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, will be followed.

Results

A result-based convergent synthesis design will be used in which both quantitative and qualitative studies will be analyzed separately, and the results of both syntheses will be then integrated during a final (convergent) synthesis. The integration will compare the findings of quantitative and qualitative evidence using tables in light of the results of both syntheses.

Conclusions

This comprehensive review is expected to reflect on the insights into some QI interventions and their impact, outline some common challenges of quality for older adult care, and benefit both the practical usefulness of care service activities and the society at large.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/56346
Peran Komunitas Seni dan Budaya dalam Pengembangan Desa Mandiri Budaya di Desa Ekowisata Pancoh
Authors: Mulyasari Runavia , Maizida Karlina , Purwandani Intan
Published: February 2024

Community-based tourism management precariously depends on a robust community, especially in tourist villages. Establishing an organizational framework characterized by effective coordination and well-defined member relationships strengthens the community and defines each individual's role and responsibility. To enhance the efficiency of the established structure, this study aims to investigate the function of the arts and cultural community within Pancoh Ecotourism Village and ascertain its capacity for further development as a Cultural Village. This study utilises a community development framework (Community Development Foundation, 2011) comprising six principles—common goals, cooperation, strengths and independence, equity and inclusiveness, participation, and community empowerment. Community representatives, village officials, tourism actors, and workers of Pancoh Ecotourism Village participated in a series of focus group discussions (FGD). Consequently, the inhabitants of Pancoh Ecotourism Village successfully established an organisational framework that catered to their requirements and unambiguously delineated every individual's specific duties and obligations. In addition, actors, tourism managers, and arts and culture community members can solicit diverse opportunities and curate cultural tour packages that feature renowned artistic and cultural attractions and products.
Comparison of Cultural Value Orientations in Images of Nyuwa and Athena
Authors: Zhou Ziwei
Published: February 2024

Born in the fertile imagination of primitive people, mythologies are the epitome of different cultures and societies, implying value orientations and national spirit of each nation. Even after thousands of years, these old stories still have a profound influence on later generations. Therefore, this article selects Nyuwa and Athena, two of the most classic female characters in myth, to discover cultural value orientations in Chinese and Greek mythologies. Through this study, value orientations differences between East and West are embodied in human nature, relationship to natural world, and social relations.
CALL - Language Skills
Authors: Eragamreddy Dr. Nagamurali
Published: February 2024

This study looks into how Libyan students see and use computer-assisted language learning (CALL) to improve their language abilities. The study involved fifty respondents from the seventh and eighth semesters of the English Department in Applied Sciences at the College of Education in the Traghen district under Fezzan University in Libya. The study set out to investigate what factors affect students' use of CALL, how they feel and perceive it in language instruction, what benefits they see from using CALL to learn a second language, and how CALL has helped English majors become more productive and receptive communicators. According to the study, students had a favorable perception of CALL, especially when it comes to how it improves their writing, speaking, listening, reading, and vocabulary. The findings imply that CALL is an effective instrument for improving language skills. Subsequent investigations may concentrate on examining the application of CALL in diverse academic environments and its enduring impacts on language acquisition.
Shakespeare’s Hamlet from the Perspective of the Theory of Rasa
Authors: Acharjee Dr. Suman
Published: February 2024

This article is focusing on analysing the character of Hamlet from the perspective of ‘rasa’ theory. Hamlet as character is considered a tragic one whereas his indecisiveness is considered to be one of the reasons behind his downfall. But this article highlights that Hamlet’s ‘sthayibhavas’ are the reason behind his doom. It’s not his lack of determination in taking the revenge. Instead his instinctual feeling is the main cause behind his downfall. Besides this article analyses various aspects of ‘bhavas’ as noticed in Hamlet and brings into light how these ‘bhavas’ generate various forms of rasa among the spectators and readers.
A Critical study of Indira Goswami’s novel The Man from Chinnamasta from the perspective of Ecofeminism
Authors: Chauhan Parul
Published: February 2024

This present paper attempts to analyse Indira Goswami’s novel, The Man from Chinnamasta from the ecofeminist perspectives showcasing the position of women in an orthodox patriarchal society, and years old saga of animal sacrifice in the name of culture and religion in the Kamakhya temple. From the viewpoint of ecofeminism, the play illustrates the feminist struggles against oppression, environmental destruction, and patriarchy. It emphasises on the interconnecting issues pertaining to the oppression of women and animals. The novel depicts about Chinnamasta Jatadhari, who along with Ratnadhar, an performer and his follower struggle to put an end to animal sacrifice by meeting sufficient marks in favour of the reason to present to the British authorities. The author also depicts her female characters as strong ones who voice their opinion in a firm manner.
Consumo de refrescos y diabetes mellitus en una comunidad Mazahua Otomí
Authors: Rodriguez Zuñiga Joel , Ávila Nájera Dulce María , Rodríguez Bravo Juan Sebastián , Bautista Santos Horacio
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: analizar en forma multifactorial la diabetes mellitus (DM) con el consumo de las bebidas gaseosas azucaradas (BGA) y de las variables estado nutricional, sexo, predisposición genética, edad y etnia, para determinar la relación de las BGA y la DM en la comunidad Mazahua Otomí (MO).
Diseño Metodológico: el estudio fue cuantitativo. Se diseñó, validó y aplicó una encuesta estructurada sobre variables sociales y nutricionales. Se elaboró un modelo logístico para encontrar la relación de DM con las variables: consumo de BGA, sexo, predisposición genética, edad, índice de masa corporal y etnia.
Resultados: en la comunidad MO que se investigó un padre de familia promedio tiene un ingreso mensual por debajo de la línea de pobreza extrema y no existe control de la enfermedad de estudio: 68% tiene obesidad o sobrepeso y el consumo de BGA es entre medio y alto en 90% de la población. En forma multifactorial, hay probabilidad de manifestar la DM en función de las variables antes señaladas; mientras que, a excepción de estado nutricional y la edad, las demás son las más significativas. En gustos y preferencias, 52% opta por la marca de BGA Coca-Cola.
Limitaciones de la investigación: los resultados encontrados deberán complementarse con estudios de caso en comunidades con características similares y una muestra poblacional probabilística más amplia.
Hallazgos: en la comunidad MO existe una relación entre el consumo de BGA y la DM y no hay control de la enfermedad. Este trabajo aporta al diseño de políticas públicas de prevención del daño a la salud por el consumo excesivo de BGA y su relación con la DM. De igual manera aquellas políticas públicas que rescaten y fomenten las buenas prácticas nutritivas entre las comunidades de los pueblos originarios.
Coastal Aquaculture in the Indian Sundarban: Evaluating Production Economics and Farmers Perception of Mangrove Ecosystem Benefits
Authors: Sinha Milon , Bera Nimai , Bhatta R. C. , Geertz Thies , Chakraborty Sabyasachi , Dey Ajanta , Surathkal Prasanna , Majumder Natasha
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Expansion of shrimp-based aquaculture in Sundarban is one of the major causative factors for the degradation of mangroves though has proven positive impact on aquaculture. In order to understand the perception of the local coastal community on the contribution of Mangrove Ecosystem Service in brackish water aquaculture in Indian Sundarban, a situational analysis was carried out in 2019-2020 with 30 farmers of Kultali block under South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal. Based on the descriptive and inferential statistical analysis of the data collected from aquaculture pond owners, it was observed that the smaller farms, located in the vicinity of the mangroves (<50 mts from the mangrove creek) showed significant benefits through higher yield and lower operational costs. The results also showed that the farmers were not adequately aware of ecosystem benefits and the need to conserve mangroves for sustainable pond-based aquaculture.
How to Build a Blogging Website
Authors: Patel Rajdeep , Patil Akash
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This paper explores the variegated domain of blogging, with focusing on the platform OmniSpectra. Here, I present an in-depth explanation of website’s UI/UX design, usage, architecture, and backend mechanisms. The study explores the unique characteristics of OmniSpectra that distinguishes it from other popular blogging websites, highlighting its inventive method in nurturing inclusive and compelling virtual communities of both content consumers and content creators. The paper will show in-depth workings of different techniques such as blog recommendation, data collection and curation that are used in the website to provide a benchmark user experience. The paper investigates the website’s role in shaping individual’s narrative and perception based to users’ interactions to different blogs, this has been achieved by getting a constant sentiment analysis feedback from users as well as the content created by the creators using AI models. All in all, after reading this paper, the reader will get a high-level idea of how to create a blogging website and add to it different modules according to their specific requirements. All this is explained by taking the example of OmniSpectra
Bagbustan Mukminova and her school for girls (based on secondary analysis)
Authors:   Marjani Institute of History of the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Zinnatullina Alsou A.
Published: February 2024

The study is dated to 140th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding representative of the Tatar people, Bagbustan Vildanovna Mukminova (1884–1963). She is a well-known educator, teacher and author of numerous articles on women’s issues. Thanks to her, in 1908 the first new-method school, the Bagbustan School, was opened in Orenburg, which operated until 1918. Baghbustan Khanum resumes summer pedagogical courses created at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries on the initiative of Gabdulgani Khusainov in the village of Kabanovo, Burzyan-Kipchak Volost, Orenburg Province. She is one of the first Tatar women to receive an official certificate from the Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly, which allowed teaching activities. B. Mukminova went to Turkey in 1914 to study teaching experience and improve education. There she seeked permission to enter the parliament and spoke before local deputies. That was an unheard of event for Turkey and was covered by the Turkish press. The presented article presents the biographical facts and principal directions of B.V. Mukminova’s pedagogical activities. The study is based on a secondary analysis of information from the book “Un ellyk gyilmi hezmat”, dedicated to the 10th anniversary of Baghbustan School and its leader's pedagogical work. The book, prepared by members of the Orenburg Muslim Women’s Society, describes the history of the Bagbustan School from the first days of its existence, mentions people who provided material and moral support to the school, lists the subjects taught, discloses the income and expenses of the educational institution, and highlights the work of pedagogical courses. The publication describes in detail Baghbustan Khanum's trip to Turkey and contains the memoirs of the teacher of the Ak-Mechet girls’ school, Hermez Muhammedova, who was a participant in the summer pedagogical courses. Particular attention is given to the note about Baghbustan Khanum from the Turkish newspaper “Tasfire Afkar”.
A new WENO-based momentum advection scheme for simulations of ocean mesoscale turbulence
Authors: Silvestri Simone , Wagner Gregory LeClaire , Campin Jean-Michel , Constantinou Navid C , Hill Christopher N. , Souza Andre Nogueira , Ferrari Raffaele
Published: February 2024

Current eddy-permitting and eddy-resolving ocean models require
dissipation to prevent a spurious accumulation of enstrophy at the grid
scale. We introduce a new numerical scheme for momentum advection in
large-scale ocean models that involves upwinding through a weighted
essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) reconstruction. The new scheme
provides implicit dissipation and thereby avoids the need for an
additional explicit dissipation that may require calibration of unknown
parameters. This approach uses the rotational, “vector invariant”
formulation of the momentum advection operator that is widely employed
by global general circulation models. A novel formulation of the WENO
“smoothness indicators” is key for avoiding excessive numerical
dissipation of kinetic energy and enstrophy at grid-resolved scales. We
test the new advection scheme against a standard approach that combines
explicit dissipation with a dispersive discretization of the rotational
advection operator in two scenarios: (i) two-dimensional turbulence and
(ii) three-dimensional baroclinic equilibration. In both cases, the
solutions are stable, free from dispersive artifacts, and achieve
increased “effective” resolution compared to other approaches commonly
used in ocean models.
An Improved Bio-Physical Parameterization for Radiant Heating in the Surface Ocean
Authors: Witte Carson R , Subramaniam Ajit , Zappa Christopher J
Published: February 2024

Solar heating of the upper ocean is a primary energy input to the
ocean-atmosphere system, and the vertical heating profile is modified by
the concentration of phytoplankton in the water, with consequences for
sea surface temperature and upper ocean dynamics. Despite the
development of increasingly complex modeling approaches for radiative
transfer in the atmosphere and upper ocean, the simple parameterizations
of radiant heating used in most ocean models are plagued by errors and
inconsistencies. There remains a need for a parameterization that is
reliable in the upper meters and contains an explicitly spectral
dependence on the concentration of biogenic material, while maintaining
the computational simplicity of the parameterizations currently in use.
In this work, we assemble simple, observationally-validated physical
modeling tools for the key controls on ocean radiant heating, and
simplify them into a parameterization that fulfills this need. We then
use observations from 64 spectroradiometer depth casts across 6 cruises,
13 surface hyperspectral radiometer deployments, and 2 UAV flights to
probe the accuracy and uncertainty associated with the new
parameterization. We conclude with a case study using the new
parameterization to demonstrate the impact of chlorophyll concentration
on the structure of diurnal warm layers, an investigation that was not
possible to conduct accurately using previous parameterizations. The
parameterization presented in this work equips researchers to better
model global patterns of sea surface temperature, diurnal warming, and
mixed-layer depths, without a prohibitive increase in complexity.