bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical students’ knowledge of the human papillomavirus (HPV), cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination
Authors: Wanderley Miriam da Silva , Sobral Dejano Tavares , Resende Ceres Nunes , Levino Lívia de Azevedo , Marques Luísa de Assis , Feijó Mateus Silva , Aragão Nathália Regina Cardoso
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Medical students still have many doubts regarding HPV (Human papillomavirus) and the vaccine against this virus. Objective: The study aimed to assess the University of Brasilia medical students’ grasp of knowledge about HPV, its relationship with cancer, and the vaccine against the virus. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken by applying a survey questionnaire on the topics. The evaluation involved 379 respondents, 72.7% of the 521 students from the 1st to the 6th years enrolled in the second semester of 2017. The statistical analyses included differences between means and proportions, effect size measures, and the correlation between the identified indicators. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research on Human Beings of the School of Medicine (1,989,835). Results: The 50-item knowledge score increased progressively with the year attended by the medical students (r= .706, p< .001), and was higher among the sexually-active compared to celibate participants (t = 3.26, df = 275, p = 0.001, d = 0.37), as well as among participants with higher family income compared to those with lower family income (t= 2.91, df= 366, p= .004, d= .35). No significant score differences emerged between participants grouped by gender, sexual behavior, or HPV vaccination status. Furthermore, gender (female; OR= 6.5, p<.001), age range (<24 years; OR= 3.3, p= .001), sexuality (active; OR= 2.7, p= .002), but not overall knowledge were predictors of the wish to be vaccinated among the 297 unvaccinated students. Conclusion: The study revealed a strong correlation of medical students’ HPV-related knowledge with medical school year and significantly higher scores among sexually active and higher-income respondents, but there were no essential differences between males and females or between vaccinated and unvaccinated students. Among the latter participants, gender, age, and sexuality, but not knowledge, were the best predictors of the wish to be vaccinated. The findings suggest the need for improving HPV screening and vaccination programs and educational strategies regarding HPV-related diseases.
NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO PREDICTS SHORT-TERM MORTALITY IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED FOR ACUTE DECOMPENSATION OF CIRRHOSIS
Authors: MACCALI Claudia , AUGUSTINHO Fernanda Cristina de , ZOCCHE Tamara Liana , SILVA Telma Erotides , NARCISO-SCHIAVON Janaína Luz , SCHIAVON Leonardo de Lucca
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Individuals with cirrhosis have a chronic systemic inflammation associated with an immune dysfunction, affecting the progression of the liver disease. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was proposed as a marker of systemic inflammatory response and survival in patients with cirrhosis. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the prognostic role of NLR in cirrhotic patients and its relation with inflammatory cytokines(IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17). METHODS: In this prospective study two groups were evaluated: 1) Stable cirrhotic in outpatient follow-up (n=193); 2) Hospitalized cirrhotic for acute decompensation for at least 48 hours (n=334) with admission and 48 hours tests evaluation. Circulating inflammatory cytokines were available for 130 hospitalized patients. RESULTS: In outpatients with stable cirrhosis, NLR correlated with MELD score and other variables associated with severity of disease. However, after a median of 32 months of follow up NLR was not associated with mortality (HR 1.058, 95%CI 0.900-1.243; P=0.495). In hospitalized patients, NLR at 48-hour after admission was independently associated with 90-day survival (HR 1.061, 95%CI 1.020-1.103; P=0.003) in multivariate Cox-regression analysis. The 90-day Kaplan-Meier survival probability was 87% for patients with a 48-hour NLR <3.6 and 62% for NLR ≥3.6 (P<0.001). Elevation of NLR in the first 48 hours was also independently associated with mortality (HR 2.038, 95%CI 1295-3207; P=0.002). The 90-day Kaplan-Meier survival probability was 83% when NLR did not increase and 62% when NLR increased (P<0.001). IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 at admission were positively correlated with both admission and 48-hour NLR. Lower levels of baseline IL-10 were associated with NLR increase during first 48-hour. CONCLUSION: NLR evaluated at 48 hours of hospitalization and its early increase after admission were independently associated with short-term mortality in patients hospitalized for acute decompensation of cirrhosis.
VITAMIN B12 AND HOMOCYSTEINE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH NAFLD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND METANALYSIS
Authors: COSTA Débora Silva , GUAHNON Marina P , SEGANFREDO Fernanda Braga , PINTO Letícia P , TOVO Cristiane V , FERNANDES Sabrina Alves
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The vitamin B12 absorption can be affected in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and low serum vitamin B12 levels has been related to the high homocysteine (HCY) levels and to the degree of NAFLD. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a systematic review and metanalysis of serum vitamin B12 and HCY levels in patients with NAFLD. METHODS: Original studies including serum vitamin B12 and HCY levels in humans with NAFLD were included. The searches were performed in four databases. RESULTS: 159 studies were identified, and after excluding the duplicates and non-eligible titles, eight original articles were included. Six out of eight showed higher B12 levels in NAFLD patients (404.9±136.2 pg/mL in relation to controls 353.91±117.3 pg/mL). Seven of the eight studies also showed higher HCY levels in NAFLD patients (14.2±3.44 umol/L in relation to controls 11.05±3.6 umol/L). The results for serum vitamin B12 and HCY levels were submitted to metanalysis, showing no difference in the vitamin B12 levels between patients with NAFLD and controls. However, the levels of Hcy were higher in NAFLD patients than in controls. CONCLUSION: There was no relashionship between the vitamin B12 levels and NAFLD. The levels of HCY were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD, suggesting this could be a potential marker for liver damage.
Acesso e qualidade da atenção secundária e da assistência em estomatologia no Brasil
Authors: Leal Rhuan Vitor Sodré , Emmi Danielle Tupinambá , Araújo Marizeli Viana De Aragão
Published: July 2021

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a assistência especializada em saúde bucal nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) do Brasil, com ênfase em Estomatologia, tendo em vista o aumento de novos casos de câncer de boca no país. Metodologia: análise de dados secundários do 1º ciclo do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e Qualidade dos CEO (PMAQ-CEO), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e Departamento de Atenção Básica do Ministério da Saúde (DAB-MS). Resultados: somente 13,98% dos municípios brasileiros são cobertos por CEO, sendo a Estomatologia uma das especialidades mais deficientes, presente em somente 65,55% dos CEO participantes do PMAQ-CEO. A realização da biópsia ocorre em 82,3% dos CEO, mas em 60% dos serviços resultado do exame ainda é demorado e o suprimento de recursos materiais é insuficiente. Conclusão: o retrato da Estomatologia no Brasil compromete o acesso ao diagnóstico, tratamento e contribui para afecções e morbidades bucais, como o câncer bucal.
Um olhar sobre a saúde bucal de pacientes acamados domiciliados cadastrados em unidades da Estratégia Saúde da Família no município de Teresópolis/RJ
Authors: Moraes Liliane Barbosa de , Cohen Simone Cynamon
Published: July 2021

Resumo Saúde bucal deficiente pode interferir na saúde geral do indivíduo acamado, prolongando o tempo de recuperação ou agravando a enfermidade. Nesse contexto, esse estudo teve o objetivo de identificar os problemas de saúde bucal percebidos por cuidadores e pacientes acamados domiciliados cadastrados em unidades da ESF no município de Teresópolis, região serrana do Estado do Rio de janeiro. Realizou-se um estudo exploratório baseado em entrevistas. Os principais problemas de saúde bucal referidos foram a dor de dente, a cárie dental, os dentes permanentes perdidos, as lesões na mucosa e a doença periodontal. Esses resultados ajudam a compreender a real demanda de serviços odontológicos possibilitando oferecer um atendimento que respeite as prioridades dos indivíduos. Tais achados apontam para a necessidade de um maior suporte por parte da equipe de saúde para essas famílias. Existe a necessidade de atividades de educação em saúde bucal para o paciente e seu cuidador, orientação quanto a higiene oral, identificação de lesões orais e tratamento clínico.
Plantas medicinais: uma abordagem sobre o uso seguro e racional
Authors: Pedroso Reginaldo dos Santos , Andrade Géssica , Pires Regina Helena
Published: July 2021

Resumo Muitas plantas são utilizadas com finalidades medicinais, constituindo alternativas terapêuticas complementares ao tratamento de doenças, trazendo inúmeros benefícios à saúde, quando utilizadas racionalmente e de maneira adequada. No entanto, as plantas constituem um arsenal grande de constituintes químicos, que podem ser benéficos, mas também podem representar um risco potencial à saúde. Desse modo, é importante que o usuário, os profissionais de saúde, e os prescritores, tenham conhecimentos sobre a planta, a correta identificação, conservação, modo de preparo e uso, além dos possíveis efeitos colaterais. As plantas medicinais, seus riscos e benefícios, são discutidos à luz das publicações científicas contemporâneas, atentando para a contribuição dos profissionais de saúde em relação ao seu papel de educadores e promotores de saúde atuantes em comunidades, especialmente aquelas usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde.
Compilação de levantamentos de uso de plantas medicinais no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Dresch Roger Remy , Libório Yasmin Boff , Czermainski Sílvia Beatriz Costa
Published: July 2021

Resumo A valorização e o registro do conhecimento tradicional sobre plantas medicinais é objetivo de políticas públicas nacionais e estaduais. Nesse sentido, a Política Intersetorial de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos no Rio Grande do Sul preconiza, dentre outros aspectos, estimular a pesquisa sobre plantas medicinais, priorizando as espécies nativas. Verifica-se a redução da ocorrência das espécies medicinais levando à perda do conhecimento tradicional devido à redução das áreas naturais e à desvalorização dos saberes tradicionais pelas novas gerações. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho visou realizar pesquisas bibliográfica e documental sobre o uso de plantas medicinais no Rio Grande do Sul e consolidar esses estudos compondo material para a compilação de uma listagem única das espécies mais utilizadas com fins medicinais no estado. Utilizou-se metodologia quanti-qualitativa com pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental. A compilação de dados resultou em uma lista de mais de 280 espécies vegetais distribuídas em mais de 80 famílias botânicas. Verificou-se que das 20 espécies vegetais mais usadas, menos de 50% são nativas, fato muito relacionado à diversidade cultural do estado. Esse trabalho culminou na publicação da Relação Estadual de Plantas Medicinais de interesse do Sistema Único de Saúde no Rio Grande do Sul (REPLAME/RS).
Intersectoral actions between health and education: notes on the Health at School Program
Authors: Pereira Myriam Dantas , Moutian Ilana , Faria Rafaela das Graças Santiago , Cordeiro Darilene Rocha , Viegas Selma Maria da Fonseca
Published: July 2021

Abstract Objective: to understand the intersectoral actions between health and education and the Health at School Program context in three municipalities in different health regions in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: this is a holistic-qualitative multiple case study, based on Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life, with 91 participants, being 38 health professionals and 53 education professionals. Open-ended individual interview and records in operational field notes of the research development were used. Data were collected in 2016 and thematic content analysis was used, obeying the analytical technique of cross-case analysis, in line with the methodological framework of the holistic multiple case study. Results: low involvement between the health and education sectors is pointed out, leading to the practice of fragmented, punctual and limited actions and implying low improvement in health conditions. Conclusions: to modify this context, the involvement of health and education professionals is essential, in addition to the schoolchildren, parents, community and managers themselves. The union of these actors is necessary for the transformation of students’ health conditions. However, this will only be achieved if the actions developed are planned and carried out involving these actors and the school community.
Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez: elaboração de um modelo teórico
Authors: Silva Mônica Maria de Jesus , Clapis Maria José
Published: July 2021

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo é propor um modelo teórico sobre o construto risco de depressão na gravidez como parte inicial do processo de construção e validação da Escala de Risco de Depressão na Gravidez. Trata-se de um estudo teórico baseado na metodologia preconizada por Pasquali, a qual estabelece quatro etapas para a elaboração do modelo teórico: sistema psicológico, propriedade do sistema psicológico, dimensionalidade, definição do constructo. Na primeira etapa, o objeto psicológico foi definido como “risco de depressão na gravidez”. Posteriormente, “depressão na gravidez” foi definida como propriedade do sistema psicológico. Na terceira etapa, a dimensionalidade foi estabelecida por meio dos antecedentes e consequentes da depressão na gravidez, entendidos como seus fatores de risco e suas consequências, respectivamente. Na quarta etapa, foi estabelecida a definição constitutiva e operacional do constructo risco de depressão na gravidez. A elaboração do modelo teórico avançou ao abordar o risco de depressão na gravidez como processo que articula variados conceitos em que se inserem antecedentes e consequentes promotores de repercussões na saúde da gestante; e contribuiu para a elaboração de uma escala inédita.
Teoria Fundamentada Construtivista: características e aspectos operacionais para a pesquisa em enfermagem
Authors: Metelski Fernanda Karla , Santos José Luís Guedes dos , Cechinel-Peiter Caroline , Fabrizzio Greici Capellari , Schmitt Márcia Danieli , Heilemann MarySue
Published: July 2021

RESUMO Análise teórica da Teoria Fundamentada Construtivista e sua aplicação na pesquisa em enfermagem. Está organizada em três tópicos: características da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados; base filosófica da vertente construtivista; e particularidades da análise de dados da Teoria Fundamentada Construtivista. As características exclusivas da Teoria Fundamentada que a diferenciam de outras abordagens são coleta e análise simultâneas de dados, amostragem teórica, comparação constante em cada estágio de análise, desenvolvimento de memorandos para análise reflexiva e comparativa e um sistema de codificação com uma etapa inicial e uma focalizada que é flexível e orienta o processo analítico de construção de uma teoria. Antes de embarcar em um estudo da Teoria Fundamentada Construtivista, a literatura é revisada para aprimorar a questão de pesquisa. Os pressupostos filosóficos do interacionismo simbólico e do construtivismo social influenciam todo o processo. A Teoria Fundamentada Construtivista enfatiza a construção e interpretação de dados reconhecendo contextos sociais, interação, o ponto de vista dos participantes e seus entendimentos de acordo com o tempo, lugar e situação da investigação.
A BIBLIOTECA ESCOLAR E A LEI DO BIBLIOTECÁRIO: Algumas reflexões após dez anos de promulgação
Authors: Pecegueiro Claudia Maria Pinho de Abreu
Published: July 2021

Pretende compreender, a partir de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, os dez anos de promulgação da Lei 12.244/2010, conhecida como a Lei do bibliotecário por estabelecer que as instituições de ensino públicas e privadas de todos os sistemas de ensino do País contarão com bibliotecas, num prazo máximo de 10 anos. Tem como princípio de investigação as seguintes perguntas: A literatura se apresenta favorável ou desfavorável à Lei? Existe relação, nos textos pesquisados, com outras legislações que tratam sobre o tema? Qual de fato têm sido as políticas adotadas a partir da promulgação da Lei? O artigo está embasado em pesquisa descritiva, na interpretação de informações obtidas na coleta de dados, utiliza como método a revisão sistemática de literatura e analisou artigos, na área de Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação, classificados como qualis A1, A2, B1, B2, disponíveis online, na base de dados Sucupira, no quadriênio 2013 a 2016. Conclui que a maioria dos artigos se mostra favorável a Lei; que existe aparato legal que legitima ações da biblioteca escolar e do bibliotecário e que torna-se urgente, contudo, a criação de políticas de implementação e acompanhamento dessa legislação.
El discurso crítico de Marx para pensar en la devastación ambiental: una perspectiva más allá de los imaginarios hegemónicos de la sostenibilidad
Authors: Luna-Nemecio Josemanuel
Published: July 2021

El desarrollo histórico del capitalismo contemporáneo ha producido una crisis ambiental de dimensiones mundiales. El predominio de una tecnología capitalita de corte nocivo determina el despliegue de las fuerzas productivas del capital que sobreexplotan y contaminan la naturaleza de formas nunca antes vistas. En este contexto, el presente estudio se propuso avanzar hacia la reconstrucción de la veta ecológica del marxismo a partir del discurso crítico de Marx, distanciandose tanto de los imaginarios hegemónicos de la sustentabilidad como de las posturas dominantes al interior del eco-marxismo. Se siguió un análisis exploratorio de documentos para poder presentar los argumentos que tanto la economía convencional y la economía ambiental despliegan intentar explicar la devastación ambiental contemporánea y, posteriormente, desde esta crítica impotente y presa de la lógica del mercado y del valor como forma social, pasa a estructurar los imaginarios hegemónicos de la sustentabilidad. En este sentido, el presente estudio logró argumentar sobre la necesidad del discurso crítico y científico de Karl Marx para pensar la devastación ambiental y las condiciones objetivas de posiblidad de un capitalismo ecológico; así como se logró abordar la dimensión ecológica y político-libertaria del pensamiento de Marx y la tarea de desarrollarlo para romper con las miradas hegemónicas de la sustentabilidad y superar las serie de tergiversaciones e imprecisiones que desde fuera y dentro del marxismo se ha hecho ante una presunta mirada antiecológica de Marx. El estudio concluyó que si bien la lucha por el ambiente se ha vuelta algo urgente, este frente no sustituye al de la lucha de clases; es decir que, la contradicción entre el capital y la naturaleza, no subordina a la contradicción entre capital y trabajo, sino que, al contrario, la reactualiza. Por lo tanto, la vigencia del discurso crítico de Marx es esencial, en su génesis y desarrollo, para poder realizar una crítica ecológica a la economía y política del capitalismo contemporáneo.
Türkçe Öğretmenlerinin/Öğreticilerinin Eğitimi ve Pedagojik Yeterlikleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: DEMİR Tarık
Published: July 2021

Türkçe öğreticileri büyük oranda Türkçe ve Türk dili edebiyatı öğretmenliği bölümlerinde yetiştirilmektedir. Ana dili olarak Türkçe öğretmenleri bu bölümler aracılığıyla yetiştiriliyor olsa da Türkçe öğreticisi kavramı, öğretim faaliyetinin gösterildiği alanlar gözetilerek Türkçe eğitimi çatısı altında kollara ayrılmaktadır. Ana dili olarak Türkçe öğretmeni, ikinci/yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğreticisi ve iki dillilere Türkçe öğreticisi olmak üzere üç kola ayrılabileceğimiz öğreticilerin, taşıması gereken pedagojik yeterliklerin de genel pedagoji bilgisiyle uyumlu biçimde ancak branşların gerekliliklerini de gözetecek şekilde düzenlenmesi gerekmektedir. Türkçe öğreticisinin yeterlikleri temelde ortak bilgi ve beceri alanları üzerinde tanımlanmış olsa da çağdaş yaklaşımlar yeterliklerin hem etkileşimli hem de alana özgü biçimde yorumlanarak işe koşulması gerektiği görüşündedir. Bu kapsamda Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi (PAB) ve yeterlikleri Türkçe öğreticileri özelinde ele alınacaktır. Çalışma kapsamında öğretici yeterlikleri incelenerek hedef kitle ve ortam üzerinden kollara ayrılan Türkçe öğreticilerinin faaliyet alanına göre eğitimlerinin nasıl çeşitlendirilebileceği üzerinde durulmuştur.
The North American Freshwater Turtle Research Group (NAFTRG)
Authors: Munscher Eric C. , Butterfield Brian P. , Munscher Jessica S. , Barrett Eleanor Alia , Hauge J. Brian
Published: July 2021

Researchers today understand the importance of incorporating undergraduate research experiences (URE) and citizen-science methods into data collection and long-term research projects. The North American Freshwater Turtle Research Group (NAFTRG) is an example of a project in which both methods are implemented. The NAFTRG conducts long-term studies on turtle populations in seven state park springs in Florida and the largest freshwater spring in Texas. Although the study began as an undergraduate biology class, it has expanded throughout the years into a study that many parks and researchers rely upon for important data on turtle populations and for information that helps manage the stability of ecosystems. Through the use of UREs, the research investigators are enabling undergraduates to gain valuable research experiences while maintaining a volunteer base that has a vested interest in the study itself. Students from Pennsylvania State University, University of North Florida, Peninsula College, Freed-Hardeman University, and Western Washington University have chosen to participate in the study. Many of these students have volunteered additional time and efforts during subsequent research trips. A project of this nature enables students to see the importance of ecosystem awareness. Through the use of citizen science, investigators can form a large volunteer base while incorporating sophisticated ecological methodologies and furthering coonservation efforts. Many participating citizen scientists have jobs unrelated to the sciences; they volunteer their time because they understand the importance of the group’s objectives and are willing to support them with their time and energy. Our current volunteer base receives further support from local zoos, aquariums, amusement parks, and the public. Based on standardized values for volunteer work, citizen scientists and donations from governmental and non-governmental organizations have contributed approximately one million dollars to this project. Citizen science is helping to bridge the gap between the general public and the scientific community by allowing the two to work together in monitoring, managing, maintaining, and understanding the ecological issues around us.
Additional Notes on the Reproduction of the Formosan Grass Lizard, Takydromus formosanus (Boulenger, 1894) (Squamata: Lacertidae), from Southwestern Taiwan
Authors: Norval Gerrut , Mao Jean-Jay , Goldberg Stephen R. , Huang Shao-Chang
Published: July 2021

We collected 13 (male = 2; female = 10; juvenile = 1) Takydromus formosanus on an ad hoc basis from a Betelnut Palm (Areca catechu) plantation in Santzepu, Sheishan District, Chiayi County, as part of a herpetofaunal survey of the area. The smallest reproductively active female had a snout-vent length (SVL) of 44mm, and the smallest male with an enlarged tail base had a SVL of 41 mm. A histological examination and oviposition indicated that the female reproductive cycle commences in April and lasts until at least June. We recorded no clutch sizes greater than two eggs. Takydromus formosanus is a poorly studied species, and many aspects of the reproductive biology of this species merit further research.
Herpetofauna of a Ramsar Site
Authors: Bhattarai Santosh , Pokheral Chiranjibi P. , Lamichhane Baburam , Subedi Naresh
Published: July 2021

The Nepalese herpetofauna has been poorly studied, and little is known about the distribution of the country’s amphibians and reptiles. We surveyed the herpetofauna at Beeshazar and associated lakes, a Ramsar site situated in the buffer zone of Chitwan National Park, Nepal. We conducted surveys between June and July 2015 using line transects, and nocturnal and diurnal visual encounter surveys (VES). We recorded 47 species comprising 13 anurans, 11 lizards, 18 snakes, four turtles, and one crocodilian. This document will serve as source material for outreach activities in conservation awareness of the herpetofauna in the buffer zone of the park. The present study suggests that the species composition of Beeshazar and associated lakes is likely to increase with additional systematic inventories.
La representación zoológico-simbólica de los sediciosos y agitadores en los Symbola et Emblemata de Joaquín Camerario
Authors: Antón Beatriz
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo estudia por primera vez los tres emblemas que Joaquín Camerario compuso a partir de motivos zoológicos tan dispares como el camello (Cent. II, emb. 15), la anguila (Cent. IV, emb. 45) y la salamandra (Cent. IV, emb. 70), pero unidos por un significado simbólico común: la representación de los sediciosos y agitadores sociales. Para ello, además de ofrecer la traducción anotada de cada emblema y del comentario que lo acompaña, identifico sus fuentes clásicas y humanistas, entre estas últimas los autores que fueron sus modelos directos de inspiración: Paolo Giovio, Andrea Alciato y Denis Lebey. En suma, el mundo natural representado en estos emblemas por un cuadrúpedo, un pez y un anfibio es susceptible de una interpretación ética y política, si bien Camerario, como luterano confeso, aprovecha la ocasión para censurar a los teólogos polemistas (Cent. IV, emb. 70).
La narración breve de Rafael Cansinos Assens
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez José Francisco
Published: July 2021

Rafael Cansinos Assens no es únicamente un escritor menor entre dos generaciones: la primera, que representa el estilo clásico del siglo diecinueve, y la segunda que es la nueva ola del lenguaje literario. No se trata ni de un escritor tradicional en su más amplio sentido, ni de un novelista representativo de la bohemia. Así, la crítica general olvida la importante aportación que Cansinos ofrece a la siguiente novelística del siglo veinte, no sólo en el aspecto técnico sino también en la estructura global, en la argumentación, el lirismo y el simbolismo. Cuando estudiamos en detalle su conjunto de novela corta observamos muchos de estos aspectos. En otras palabras, la sociedad está cambiando, y filósofos como Nietzsche son una poderosa influencia en la vida, como categoría artística. La presencia del “yo” en la novela moderna, como una voz reflexiva, como una construcción del ser, es uno de los pasos sustanciales que podemos intuir en su narrativa.
nifH amplification for Illumina sequencing v1
Authors: Bigeard Estelle , Lopes Dos Santos Adriana , Ribeiro Catherine
Published: July 2021

For metabarcoding purpose, the first step involves the amplification by PCR of a given gene region (for example V4 or V9 region of 18S rRNA gene) or gene itself if its size does not exceed 600bp (the longest fragment size that can be sequenced by Illumina technology). The defined forward and reverse primers that are complementary upstream and downstream of the region of interest, needs to be designed with overhang adapters which will be used in a subsequent limited‐cycle amplification step, in order to add the dual‐index barcodes and Illumina flow cell adapters. To design illumina primers, it will be necessary to know the sequencing method, and therefore the adapters sequence. The following protocol explains the generation of nifH PCR amplicons.
DNA clean-up and size selection for long-read sequencing v4
Authors: Jones Ashley , Purushotham Neeraj , Nasim Jamila , Schwessinger Benjamin
Published: July 2021

DNA extractions often contain impurities which limit the output of long-read sequencing technologies. Here a protocol is provided which removes impurities and size selects for longer fragments. To remove residual RNA and protein, an additional RNAse A and Proteinase K treatment is performed. A clean-up with chloroform: isoamyl alcohol (24:1) removes these proteins and other hydrophobic organics such as lipids. A low volume ethanol precipitation and wash is used to concentrate the DNA, hopefully also reducing polysaccharides. An optional needle shearing is described which can help create a more uniform DNA length to maximise sequencing output. Finally, polymer and salt based solutions are used to selectively precipitate DNA based on size, which also appears to further clean the DNA. This was trialled for the sorghum rot fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, providing highly promising results with an Oxford Nanopore MinION. One strain yielded 13.71 Gbases with an N50 of 21.75 kb, another strain yielded 9.72 Gbases with an N50 of 43.50 kb. Similar results have been obtained with other fungi, plants, reptiles and insects.
COL4A IP for MS v2
Authors: Lloyd-Jones Cameron , Drown Bryon , Kelleher Neil
Published: July 2021

Immunoprecipitation of Collagen IV for mass spectrometry.
SİYASAL REKLAM KAMPANYALARINA BİR BAKIŞ: "1 KASIM 2015 GENEL SEÇİMLERİ AK PARTİ ÖRNEĞİ"
Authors: Sandıkcı Yılmaz Türker
Published: July 2021

Demokratik katılımcı toplumlarda iktidara talip olan siyasal parti ya da adayların seçmenin hür iradesi ile iktidar olması, siyasal iletişim sürecinin de profesyonelleşmesini sağlamıştır. Siyasal iletişim, siyaset ve iletişim kavramlarının kesiştiği noktada yeni bir kavram olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Siyasal parti ya da adayların özellikle seçim dönemlerinde seçmen kitlelerle kurmuş oldukları iletişim süreçlerinin bütününü kapsayan siyasal iletişim, günümüz gelişen ve değişen iletişim teknolojileri vasıtasıyla genişleme alanı bulmuştur. Bu doğrultuda kitle iletişim araçları vasıtasıyla yayılım alanı bulan siyasal iletişim politikaları günümüz siyaseti açısından oldukça değerli, üzerinde durulan bir unsur haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda siyasal reklamlar, seçim dönemlerinde seçmen kitleleri etkisi altına almak amacıyla gerçekleştirilen profesyonel ekiplerin hazırladığı siyasal iletişim politikalarından biridir. Günümüzde özellikle seçim dönemlerinde siyasal parti ya da adayların gerçekleştirmiş oldukları siyasal reklamlar önemli bir siyasal iletişim uygulaması olarak görülmektedir. Siyasal parti ya da adayların seçmen kitlelerde istenilen yönde tutum ve davranış değişikliği sağlaması amacıyla iletişim teknolojilerinde de yararlanılarak özellikle seçim dönemlerinde yoğunlaşan siyasal reklam uygulamaları çalışmamızın ana unsurunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada Türkiye'de de önemli bir siyasal iletişim uygulaması olarak görülen siyasal reklamların iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişmesi sayesinde uğradığı farklılıkları da gözeterek 1 Kasım 2015 Genel Seçimlerinde AKP'nin propaganda aracı olarak geleneksel ve yeni medyadaki reklamlarının profilinin çıkarılarak hem nitel hem de nicel açıdan incelenmiştir.
Cross-Border Remote B2C Contracts in the Practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union: Is the Consumer always Right?
Authors: Sergeeva O. V.
Published: July 2021

The paper analyzes the legal positions of the Court of the European Union, developed when considering disputes arising from cross-border remote B2C (business to consumer) contracts. In particular, the criteria proposed by the Court of the European Union for determining the “orientation” of the professional party’s activity to the country of the consumer’s place of residence are being investigated. Based on the study of the practice of the Court of Justice of the European Union, it is concluded that consumers in the European Union are provided with increased legal protection as an economically weak party.The author summarizes that the Court of the European Union has developed a number of legal positions. In particular, the Court proposed an open list of criteria for determining the “direction” of the professional party’s activities to the country of the consumer’s place of residence. In addition, it was noted that the “direction of the professional party’s activities when concluding remote contracts is evidenced by the website that reads that the professional party implied the implementation of transactions with consumers residing in one or more member States, including the member State of the consumer’s place of residence. However, the mere fact of having access to the website of an intermediary or entrepreneur in the member state in which the consumer resides is not enough. The same applies to the indication of an e-mail address or other contact information, or the use of a language or currency that is usually used in the Member State of the place of establishment of an economic entity, which corresponds to paragraph 24 of the preamble to the Rome I Regulation.
Head of State: Function of the President of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Skorokhod I. G.
Published: July 2021

According to the author of the paper, the head of state is not a position, not a title, not any state body, but the function of the President of the Republic of Belarus, along with the function of the guarantor of the Constitution, human and civil rights and freedoms. The function of the head of state is unchanged and is due to his position in the system of state authorities. This function manifests the nature and essence of the institution of the presidency, which cannot be reduced to specific actions or practices, therefore, it is implemented through the exercise of powers in various organizational forms. In this regard, the concept of “president”, unlike “head of state”, is not static, but dynamic, since the list of rights and duties of the President of the Republic of Belarus is open.Powers are unambiguous, substantive rights and duties of the President, legitimized from the functions and expressed in various organizational forms of his activities. At the same time, the characteristics of the President’s powers can only show the external side of his activities. The powers of the President, in contrast to the functions, are a variable value. The President through representative, legitimation, arbitration, control, rulemaking, personnel, integration, symbolist and ceremonial state powers carries out the function of the head of state.The function of the head of state is the superiority and precedence of the President over all state officials. In accordance with it, the idea of the Republic of Belarus is personified. This function allows the President of the Republic of Belarus to be the main public representative and act on behalf of the Belarusian state both within it and in international relations. This is the result of the state obtaining the status of a legitimate state, the continuity and interaction of state authorities, mediation between them. The constitutional function of the head of state makes it necessary for the President to have instruments of power-state bodies operating within this function.
Acercamiento a la indumentaria y otras modas dieciochescas en boga en la clausura gaditana de Santa María del Arrabal
Authors: Morand Frédérique
Published: July 2021

ResumenEste artículo desvela parte de la situación vivida a diario por la comunidad de Conceptionistas calzadas de Santa María de Cádiz en materia de indumentaria y otras modas en boga tanto en el siglo como en la clausura durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. A partir de la constatación de la persecución femenina por parte de los poderes públicos españoles con el fin de erradicar el pernicioso fenómeno en el siglo y, al contrario de lo que se afirmaba en la prensa, descubrimos en el propio redil los mismos abusos, con más resistencia aún. El minucioso estudio de los géneros de moda llevado a cabo ofrece un amplio abanico de la indumentaria usada en esta clausura gaditana, en la que «una de las más relevantes poetisas españolas» profesó con treinta y cinco años, tras ser madre y con la licencia de su esposo: sor María Gertrudis de la Cruz Hore (1742-1801), hija de pudientes comerciantes irlandeses y esposa de E. Fleming. La presencia de seglares y el tipo de organización (la «vida privada» en oposición a la «vida común») permitían a las religiosas de Santa María estar al corriente de las costumbres de sus coetáneos así como vulnerar, a lo largo de la centuria, la autoridad de sus superiores sin temor alguna a las represalias. Verdadero lugar de reencuentro entre dos sociedades en apariencia opuestas, constatamos la proximidad de costumbre entre «las de fuera» (seglar) y «las de dentro» (reglar) a finales del Antiguo Régimen en Cádiz. Para realizar este estudio las fuentes utilizadas fueron documentos de índole religiosa y de carácter interno (mandatos de visitas, informes de elección de la abadesa y cartas de religiosas a sus confesores).Palabras clave:MONJAS, MONASTERIO, MODA, CÁDIZ.
Rafael DOMINGO (ed.), «Juristas universales, tomo 2, Juristas modernos», Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2004.
Authors: Friera Álvarez Marta
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUEMEN
Las «Observaciones» de P. R. Campomanes «sobre el sistema general de Europa» (1792)
Authors: Coronas González Santos M.
Published: July 2021

Sin resumen
Armando ALBEROLA ROMÁ, «Los cambios climáticos. La Pequeña Edad del Hielo en España», Madrid, Cátedra, 2014, 340 págs.
Authors: Ocampo  Suárez-Valdés Joaquín
Published: July 2021

SIN RESUMEN
Modern ideas about the sclerosing lichen of the vulva
Authors: Surkichin Sergey I. , Kruglova Larisa S. , Apolikhina Inna A. , Mayorov Roman Yu. , Avin Marika
Published: July 2021

Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is 6-10 times more common in women than in men. The drug affects between 1 in 1000 and 1 in 300 people in the general population, but the exact prevalence is unknown due to the fact that the disease is often asymptomatic. The article presents modern ideas about lichen sclerosus. Issues of various etiological theories of origin and pathogenesis are considered. The description of the clinical picture of lichen sclerosus is given. Diagnostic approaches are described, including the histological picture. Possible complications, including anatomical abnormalities of the vulvar architectonics and the risk of malignant transformation, are discussed in detail. Various methods of treatment and care for this disease, local treatment schemes are presented, an overview of systemic drugs and surgical operations, as well as further observation and management of patients is given.
Prevalence and etiology of onychomycosis in patients with psoriasis: a single-center study
Authors: Kochergin Nikolay G. , Maximov Ivan S.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Changes in nails with psoriasis are observed in 8090% of patients. Pathological processes in the nail apparatus in patients with psoriasis are associated with both the underlying disease and the infectious nature.
AIMS: To evaluate the clinical features of the affected nail plates in patients with psoriasis, the prevalence and etiology of onychomycosis in patients with psoriasis with altered nail plates.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 102 patients with psoriasis vulgaris, mild and moderate, stationary stage with altered nail plates were examined. A clinical and laboratory (microscopic and cultural) study of the affected nail plates was carried out.
RESULTS: After mycological studies and physical examination of the affected nails of 102 patients, the following groups of nail diseases in patients with psoriasis were identified: psoriatic onychodystrophy (76; 74.5%) patients, onychomycosis (30; 29.4%) patients, traumatic onycholysis (4; 3,9%) patient, onychocryptosis (3; 2.9%) patients. 11 (14.5%) patients with psoriatic onychodystrophy had a complication in the form of a fungal infection. Distal-lateral subungual form of onychomycosis was detected in 17 patients (56.7%), total dystrophic form ― in 10 patients (33.3%), white superficial form ― in 2 patients (6.6%), proximal subungual form ― in 1 patient (3.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of clinical and mycological examination of the affected nails of patients with psoriasis, it was revealed that 74.5% of patients have manifestations of psoriatic onychodystrophy, 29.4% ― onychomycosis. Among patients with psoriatic onychodystrophy, 14.5% had a complication in the form of a secondary fungal infection. The main causative agents of onychomycosis are Candida spp. (63.3%). The incidence of dermatophytes (Trichophyton spp.) Was 36.7% of the total number of cases. The main clinical forms of onychomycosis in patients with psoriasis are distal-lateral (56.6%), total dystrophic (33.3%).
Surgeon, doctor, teacher – Veniamin Arsenyevich Sitnikov: 85th anniversary
Authors: Styazhkina S. N. , Zarivchatsky M. F. , Zaitsev D. V. , Galyautdinova A. I.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the outstanding surgeon, Professor of the Department of the Faculty Surgery of Izhevsk State Medical Academy, MD, PhD, member of the European Association of Intensive Care, Academician of the Russian Academy of Laser Sciences, member of the International Association of Hepatology Surgeons, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation Sitnikov Veniamin Arsenyevich.
Heart injury in COVID-19: immediate and long-term follow-up
Authors: Karpunina N. S. , Khlynova O. V. , Shumovich I. V.
Published: July 2021

The article presents a review of bibliographic data on risk factors and mechanisms of the damage to the heart tissues in a new coronavirus infection. The direct viral-associated injury, as well as the influence of the components of the cytokine storm are analyzed. Myocarditis, cardiac arrhythmias are considered. In addition, the first results of long-term follow-up observations of patients who underwent COVID-19 were summarized, and the change in arterial stiffness was assessed.
Clinical and laboratory evaluation of treatment efficiency in patients with prolactinoma
Authors: Shukyurov S. D.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Prolactinomas are rarely detected in children and are very often characterized by aggressive growth.

Objective. The aim of the study was to increase the effectiveness of drug treatment with prolactin based on the results of clinical and laboratory studies.

Material and methods. In order to determine clinical, laboratory, hormonal, functional and instrumental markers, 63 patients with microprolactinomas and 53 patients with macroprolactinomas were examined. Some biochemical parameters of blood samples, such as TSH, T4, T3, FSH, LH, GH, IGF, ACTH, cortisol and prolactin were studied in healthy individuals, in patients with microprolactinoma and macroprolactinoma 4 times: 3, 6 and 12 months after the start of treatment with cabergoline.

Results. During the study, it was determined that a mean value of FSH in blood samples obtained during hormonal studies conducted before treatment with cabergoline was 4.94 0.41 IU/L, that is slightly lower than that of healthy women (n = 24) who participated in the study (5.49 0.52 IU/L) (p = 0.4037). Statistical analysis within the 6th month of treatment with the appropriate drug showed a reliable decrease in a mean value of LH hormone to 1.93 0.25 IU / L (p = 0.0002, p1 = 0.0232). In biopsies obtained during this study period, the minimum hormone level was 0.1 IU/L, and the maximum 4.18 IU L.

Conclusions. Thus, the treatment of patients with macro- and microprolactinoma using cabergoline can play an important role in correcting their physical, hormonal and other parameters, and will expand the use of its analogs in practical medicine.
Study of emotional disorders in dermatological and cardiological patients
Authors: Elkin V. D. , Kobernik M. Yu. , Sedova T. G. , Borodina E. N. , Andrusenko A. A.
Published: July 2021

Objective. To study the character and features of emotional disorders in patients of dermatological and cardiological profile. Emotional changes, accompanying many somatic diseases, have a negative effect and aggravate their course, worsening the quality of life and functioning. Materials and methods. 68 persons, divided into two groups, participated in a single-stage study: group I included 38 patients with dermatoses without any concomitant diseases of the internal organs; group II 30 cardiological patients without dermatological pathology in anamnesis. Complex research included general clinical and laboratory methods as well as psychological study using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS, Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, Montgomery Asberg Depression Scale, Spielberger Hanin Anxiety Scales. To assess the results, the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics were used. Results. When assessing the parameters by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS, in dermatological patients clinically and subclinically expressed anxiety was manifested more evidently, and in cardiological patients, it was depression. According to the data obtained by the Zung and Hamilton scales, depression also predominated in cardiological patients but anxiety symptoms and disorders reliably more often were observed in patients of dermatological profile. As for studying depression using the Montgomery-Asberg scale, in dermatological patients it was revealed less often, in the structure of symptoms there prevailed a small depressive episode. According to Spielberger Hanin Scale, anxiety was more expressed in dermatological patients. Conclusions. Emotional disorders in dermatological and cardiological patients are reliably different. In dermatological patients, they are characterized by increased anxiety in case of an insignificant depressive disorder. In cardiological patients, there prevail depressive changes, especially mild depression; anxiety symptomatology is not expressed.
Family medicine and international cooperation in the North: A step ahead
Authors: Andreeva Elena A. , Rezvy Grigory G. , Sørlie Tore
Published: July 2021

International cooperation contributed to the development of family medicine in the North of Russia, it was characterized by a system approach and interdisciplinary interaction. The article presents the results of Russian-Norwegian projects that were developed with the active participation of the Department of Family Medicine of NSMU (Arkhangelsk), as well as the main aspects of the projects: significance for practical health care, research, and educational components.
Several complementary projects aimed at the development of primary health care, such as Reform of Arkhangelsk Region Health Care System with a special emphasis on primary care, System approach to NCD prevention and Suicide prevention in the Arkhangelsk region were implemented together with the Norwegian Directorate of Health. The POMOR Program specialist training in general practice in Northern Russia project (together with the University of Troms The Arctic University of Norway, Norwegian Medical Association, and Norwegian Centre for Rural Medicine) facilitated the development of tutorship in family medicine in the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions. Better interaction between psychiatrists and general practitioners in the mental health sphere became an essential area of international collaboration (Integrating mental health into primary care in the Arkhangelsk County, Russia: the Pomor model in psychiatry project together with the University of Troms The Arctic University of Norway and University Hospital of North Norway, Troms). The education component of the projects got a sequel in the continued medical education system of NSMU while the scientific one was continued in the form of publications in international and Russian journals, and masters thesis defense of public health degrees. The project's results were consistently presented at the international and Russian forums. General practitioners education is a cross-cutting theme for the cooperation on the path from a beginner to an expert and plays a special role in support of GPs during the COVID-19 pandemic.