bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Independent Fostering Providers: Predators or Pioneers, Partners or Procured?
Authors: Sellick Clive
Published: March 2013

The development of foster care as the placement of choice for children in care in Britain has been encouraged both in policy and practice. This has been accompanied by the severe reduction in residential care facilities for children and young people and the crisis in recruiting and retaining sufficient numbers of local authority approved and registered foster carers. The result has been a steady growth in the number of independent fostering providers (IFPs) and the increasing proportion of looked after children placed with their agencies' foster carers. In the past 20 years or so, the independent sector has become a major provider of placements and related children's services and this has presented local authorities with considerable cost. During this time, collaboration between local authority commissioners and independent fostering providers has gone through many different phases. By examining a series of linked studies between 1997 and 2010, Clive Sellick explores how the experiences and views of social workers, managers and foster carers have influenced the identities of the IFPs, the working relationships and organisational arrangements which have developed between staff and carers of both sectors and the impact of related policy throughout the New Labour era (1997–2010) in the UK.
Mother and Baby Foster Placements: Experiences and Issues
Authors: Adams Paul , Bevan Sarah
Published: March 2013

Paul Adams and Sarah Bevan report on research looking at ‘mother and baby’ fostering in three fostering agencies within the North West London Fostering Consortium. The study takes a qualitative approach, using semi-structured face-to-face interviews with eight mother and baby foster carers and analysing the data using a thematic approach. This is supplemented with a brief questionnaire completed by the three participating local authority fostering services. The findings reveal that at times the demand for mother and baby fostering is high, and in the majority of cases agencies seek to identify carers to meet specific needs as they arise, rather than assessing general mother and baby foster carers in advance. From the carers' perspective, factors that contribute to successful placements include clarity about their roles, good social work practice in planning and supporting the placement, and mothers who are positive about being there. Additionally, foster carers need to be able to recognise and manage the distinct needs of both the mother and the baby, and they suggest that educational provision and post-placement support are crucial. Mother and baby carers in particular note the importance to them of peer support networks.
Investigating the Involvement of Disabled Children in Using In My Shoes as a Family-Finding Tool: A Pilot Project
Authors: Cousins Jennifer , Simmonds John
Published: March 2013

Working directly with children in the family-finding process presents an additional challenge to social workers where the child is disabled. In My Shoes, an interactive computer interview, has been demonstrated as an effective communication tool with children who have a wide range of special needs. Jennifer Cousins and John Simmonds report on a project exploring its use with disabled children for whom a permanent new family was being sought. Social workers observed children using In My Shoes and then a group of 16 from four local authorities were trained in its use. They were subsequently supported in its use during family-finding and feedback was gathered on their experience of doing so. A number of them reported enhanced knowledge of the children they worked with, which informed family-finding. However, identifying disabled children with permanence as a plan proved, unexpectedly, to be a significant problem. This raises important questions about whether permanence planning for disabled children follows the same trajectory as for not-disabled children. The project team also found that engaging agencies in this exploratory project was challenging. Incorporating even positive practice tools such as In My Shoes (particularly those involving technology) was often a step too far for a workforce already struggling with huge demands.
Intercountry Adoption, Children's Rights and the Politics of Rescue
Authors: Davies Miranda
Published: March 2013

In the preceding article, Peter Selman explores public and state responses to intercountry adoption in the immediate aftermath of the Haiti earthquake. Miranda Davies expands on this topic with a critique of the concept of the ‘best interests of the child’ as the legislative cornerstone governing intercountry adoption. Although the principle recognises children as having ‘agency’, the universality to which it aspires fails to account for the ambiguities involved in its application. This dilemma is exemplified by the politics of rescue, referring to the complex web of interests and relationships that lie behind the perceived altruism of ‘rescuing’ children from a life of poverty, often exacerbated by humanitarian emergencies, to one of wealth, security and opportunities overseas. Descriptions of the experience of intercountry adoptees broaden the debate by raising questions of racial politics, identity and belonging.
Contact for Infants Subject to Care Proceedings
Authors: Schofield Gillian , Simmonds John
Published: March 2013

For some years now, concerns have been raised about whether the frequency and the arrangements for contact between infants and parents during proceedings are in the best interests of infants. Could these arrangements be better managed to safeguard the development of the infant while maintaining effective contact and supporting the possibility of reunion with the birth parents? A recent study by Kenrick (2009) has provided detailed accounts of the stressful and negative impact on infants of high levels of contact during care proceedings. Research from Australia has raised similar concerns (Humphreys and Kiraly, 2011). A multi-disciplinary working group, hosted by Coram, has been meeting to discuss these issues and in December 2010 the President of the Family Division's annual debate was titled 'Infant Contact: Keeping the Baby in Mind'. This article by Gillian Schofield and John Simmonds draws on that debate as well as outlining the legal, research and practice contexts. The aim here is to explore this controversial area and to identify questions which need to be considered in planning infant contact, both in the pre-proceedings phase and throughout care proceedings.
Promoting the Positive Development of Foster Children: Establishing Research in Germany
Authors: Wolf Klaus
Published: March 2013

Research into foster care is less developed in Germany than in the UK or US and there are few national practice standards. In 2006, a research centre was established at the University of Siegen to improve the situation. Klaus Wolf describes the work undertaken so far and discusses the aims and philosophy underpinning the programme. He explains how research relevant to practice is combined with studies that have theoretical value in their own right, and how a combination of these informs current debates about foster care in Germany and elsewhere.
In the Shadows: Children's Social Policy during the Blair Years
Authors: Little Michael
Published: March 2013

Adoption and fostering are about providing children with families. National policies will obviously influence what actually happens, but in recent years the way policies are made and implemented has become as significant as the policies themselves. This is confirmed by two books describing the fashioning and implementation of two major child welfare initiatives in the UK — Providing a Sure Start (Eisenstadt, 2011) and Instruction to Deliver (Barber, 2008). Reviewing them together, Michael Little discusses how the process of developing social policy changed under New Labour and argues that this new situation is likely to endure.
Foster Carer-Foster Child Intervention (FFI): An Intervention Designed to Reduce Stress in Young Children Placed in a Foster Family
Authors: van Andel Hans WH , Grietens Hans , Knorth Erik J
Published: March 2013

The Foster carer-Foster child Intervention (FFI) was developed to help foster carers recognise and cope with the stress that foster children under the age of five might experience when placed in a new family. Children who have been neglected or abused may have difficulty coping with stress and develop behavioural problems, and young children in particular can develop passive avoidance behaviour as a way of adapting to their new situation. The FFI aims to improve the interaction between foster carer and foster child by optimising the emotional availability, parenting skills and confidence of carers in a way that makes the child feel more secure. This article by Hans WH van Andel, Hans Grietens and Erik J Knorth explains the aims and principles underlying FFI and discusses its theoretical background, which includes attachment theory, psycho-education, mindfulness therapy and video interaction training. It then details the intervention and describes how it is being implemented in Dutch foster care practice. The article ends by outlining an ongoing randomised control study to determine the effectiveness of the intervention.
Experiences of Disenfranchised Grief Arising from the Unplanned Termination of a Foster Placement: An Exploratory South Australian Study
Authors: Riggs Damien W , Willsmore Stacey
Published: March 2013

When a child who has been in your primary care — a child whom you have loved, helped in times of need, comforted when upset and celebrated with in times of happiness — is taken from you unexpectedly, and when this care arrangement was thought to be long term, the sense of loss and grief is likely to be significant. Furthermore, the significance of this might be compounded if it is not adequately recognised. The findings reported by Damien W Riggs and Stacey Willsmore affirm this supposition by exploring four case studies of South Australian foster carers who experienced an unplanned placement termination. The findings indicate that the participants experinced their grief as disenfranchised, in that it was not adequately recognised nor adequately dealt with. The case studies highlight the need for recognition of the fact that foster carers are not simply ‘paid babysitters’ but form enduring and meaningful attachments with the children in their care, and that the ending of a placement, specially one intended to be long term, will likely bring with it significant issues of loss and grief.
Using the Findings
Authors: Lovelock Robin , Reinach Elizabeth , Roberts Glyn
Published: March 2013

In this article they review three recent projects with special emphasis on the use and application of findings, today in the context of Hampshire Social Services Department.

Although these studies all relate to child care, the SSRIU undertakes work in other fields and is currently monitoring the first year of a purpose-built hostel for physically handicapped adults.
The Child Care Option in Basic Training
Authors: Holgate Eileen , Neill Tony
Published: March 2013

‘In reaching any decision relating to a child in their care, a local authority shall give first consideration to the need to safeguard and promote the welfare of the child throughout his childhood and shall so far as is practicable ascertain the wishes and feelings of the child regarding the decision and give due consideration to them, having regard to his age and understanding.’
Techniques for Direct Identity Work with Black Children
Authors: Banks Nick
Published: March 2013

The Children Act 1989 states that a child's race and culture must be considered in planning social work intervention. However, there are no guidelines on how social workers should address the particular needs of Black children, or indeed what these needs are likely to be. Nick Banks suggests ways in which social workers and carers can better understand and meet the identity needs of Black children.
Private Fostering: Public Duty — Private Responsibility
Authors: Wright David
Published: March 2013

Drawing on the experience of Save the Children's African Family Advisory Service1David Wright discusses the public duty and private responsibility implicit in private fostering and looks forward to how the spirit and letter of the Children Act and the Guidance and Regulations on Private Fostering will be put into effect.
Adoption Law Review — Checklist of Changes
Authors: Cullen Deborah , White Jill
Published: March 2013

The period of consultation on the report of the Adoption Law Review Working Party ends shortly. Deborah Cullen and Jill White look at some of the major changes the report recommends (in alphabetical order) and the implications for practice.
Working with the past
Authors: Hunter Margaret
Published: March 2013

Recent publicity surrounding one particular case has directed attention again to how much information should be shared with prospective adopters about a child's past. Margaret Hunter describes her work with children separated from their families of origin whose placements have come under strain.
Issues in the Adoption of Irish Children
Authors: Hosegood Ceppy
Published: March 2013

Has the controversial debate surrounding same race placement sidelined the less visible issues of minority cultures, religions and linguistic groups? Ceppy Hosegood makes the case for Irish adoptees.
The Importance of Self-Esteem to Children and Young People Separated from Their Families
Authors: Roberts John
Published: March 2013

Low self-esteem is frequently referred to in studies of children in care, abused children, abusing parents and adult survivors of child sexual abuse. John Roberts considers some methods and techniques for working with young people to improve their feelings of self-worth.
The Children Act and Family Support: A Crisis of Values
Authors: Gardner Ruth , Manby Martin
Published: March 2013

In this article Ruth Gardner and Martin Manby examine a few of the knottier issues, both operational and strategic, which have arisen over the past eighteen months during implementation of Part III of The Children Act 1989.
Social Work and the Education of Children in Foster Care
Authors: Aldgate Jane , Heath Anthony , Colton Matthew , Simm Michael
Published: March 2013

To what extent should social workers advocate the educational needs of children and young people in foster care? Jane Aldgate, Anthony Heath, Matthew Colton and Michael Simm present the findings of a recent study.
Looking after Scotland's Children in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Marshall Kathleen
Published: March 2013

On 12 May Kathleen Marshall presented a commemorative lecture in memory of Alison Newman at the BAAF Scottish Legal Group Seminar entitled, ‘Shaping the future law of the parent, child and family’. She was asked to look at the features of a Children Act which would encompass lessons from the past to enhance the future of Scottish Children. We reprint below the text of her lecture.
Trans-Manche Partnerships
Authors: Hetherington Rachael
Published: March 2013

What makes one country's child protection system different from another? Rachael Hetherington describes a pilot project which looks at the different approaches adopted by English and French social workers in their child protection work, and in particular to how they work ‘in partnership’ with parents.
Linking Research Evidence and Practice in Fostering Work — The Art of the Possible
Authors: Nissim Ruth , Simm Mike
Published: March 2013

Why is the vast amount of research material on fostering not being used to inform practice? Ruth Nissim and Mike Simm argue that it should be, and give examples of how this is being attempted in their own authority.
Children of Black Mixed Parentage and Their Placement Needs
Authors: Banks Nick
Published: March 2013

In exploring the placement needs of children of Black mixed parentage, Nick Banks focuses on three main areas: research evidence relating to the over-representation of children of mixed parentage in care; social workers' perceptions of ethnic difference relative to their own ethnic groups; and possible trends in the placement of mixed parentage children.
Adoption — Evolution or Revolution?
Authors: Trisellotis John
Published: March 2013

What has influenced attitudes towards, and the practice of, adoption and fostering in Britain? John Triseliotis paints an historical picture, and makes some tentative predictions for the future.
Child Care at the End of the Millennium
Authors: Giltinan Donal
Published: March 2013

What is the rhetoric and what is the reality of child care in the 1990s? Donal Giltinan questions how young people are faring in Scotland under a system which, he argues, is structurally unjust, where social welfare is governed by market principles, and in which the justice system is outdated and flawed.
Contact — it Still Needs to Be Encouraged
Authors: Richards Jim
Published: March 2013

An SSI report based on a study of four local authorities' arrangements for court ordered contact fails to take account of the views and experiences of the parents and children writes Jim Richards.
Policy Issues in Gay and Lesbian Adoption
Authors: Sullivan Ann
Published: March 2013

Despite keen public, professional and media interest in the topic, adoption agencies have developed few specific policies on the issue of lesbian and gay adoption, either in Britain or the United States. In the following article, originally published by the Child Welfare League of America, Ann Sullivan provides an overview of key considerations about homosexual adopters. The issues are of universal interest, although the legal, social and policy contexts will vary from country to country. For example, some of the points raised under the section ‘Consequences of Inaction’ may be less relevant in the UK than the US.
From Surrogacy to Contested Adoption: What Went Wrong?
Authors: Greenfield Joanna , Jennings Seamus
Published: March 2013

Surrogacy is a highly complex and emotive issue. In this examination of one specific case, Joanna Greenfield and Seamus Jennings reveal some of the difficulties of carrying through a surrogacy arrangement and discuss how certain pitfalls might perhaps be avoided. For instance, in this case, would the new Parental Order have made a difference?
Connection and Continuity in Foster Care
Authors: Kufeldt Kathleen , Kufeldt James , Dorosh Marshall
Published: March 2013

Based on interviews with children, birth parents, foster carers and social workers in the province of Ontario, Kathleen Kufeldt, James Armstrong and Marshall Dorosh explore some of the benefits and pitfalls of fostering as an effective response to children ‘in need’ of substitute care. Among the more surprising findings of their study is the high percentage of respondents who assert that, in retrospect, coming into care was the best solution to their particular situation. At the same time, the majority among all four sets of participants are in favour of maintaining ties and involvement in the form of continuity, connection and contact with birth families. Other positive findings show that children, especially pre-adolescents, often have quite a realistic understanding of the situation leading up to their placement in care with less of a tendency to blame themselves or idealise their birth families than has previously been suggested.
Beyond Permanence? The Importance of Resilience in Child Placement Practice and Planning
Authors: Gilligan Robbie
Published: March 2013

Permanence has long been regarded as a key element in child placement planning and practice. While upholding its benefits, Robbie Gilligan argues that reliance on permanence as a guiding framework has gone too far. Instead he advocates a shift towards a resilience-based perspective which embraces the positive aspects of the permanence framework but more accurately reflects the complexity of child care problems and needs.
The Health of Children Looked after by the Local Authority
Authors: Butler Ian , Payne Heather
Published: March 2013

Ian Butler and Heather Payne present findings from a local study of the form and practice of statutory medical examinations for children looked after by the local authority. They report that only a quarter of children attend such medical examinations and that the quality of these medical contacts is questionable. The paper discusses these findings in the context of what is known generally about the health of children in public care and makes suggestions for developing practice, including the establishment of a designated doctor for substitute child care.
Assessing Asian Families in Scotland a Discussion
Authors: Singh Satnam
Published: March 2013

As a project worker with Barnardo's Family Placement Services, Satnam Singh has lead responsiblity for the Khandan Initiative, which aims to develop same-race placements as placements of choice for all children referred to the project for substitute care. It is within this context that his paper discusses the complexities of assessing Asian families as substitute carers for children. The paper proposes a framework within which the assessment can take place, in a way that is both relevant to the experiences of Asian families and that focuses on their particular strengths.
Partnership in Post-Adoption Services Evaluating the First Year of a Complementary Contract
Authors: Burnell Alan , Briggs Adrian
Published: March 2013

In the autumn 1995 edition of Adoption & Fostering, Alan Burnell and Adrian Briggs described the origins and objectives of a novel complementary contract between East Sussex Social Services and the Post-Adoption Centre (PAC), aimed at providing post-adoption counselling and consultation services to all those involved in adoption in the county. The same authors now evaluate the operation of the contract, one year on. After filling in some background they assess its achievements so far, with particular regard to the extra support to service users and staff, and reducing the risk of disruption. The article concludes that the first year of the contract has demonstrated the need for comprehensive assessment and treatment services for adoptive families with children experiencing attachment difficulties.
LAC Placement Patterns Changing the Ingredients
Authors: Richards Sue
Published: March 2013

Fostering percentages and ratios of looked after children vary quite widely across England and Wales. In this article Sue Richards attempts to identify some of the factors associated with these variations, and to suggest some practical steps which may help in implementing changes. A second and more discursive article, reviewing the literature on purchaser/provider splits and highlighting problems with the model in relation to child care, will be published in the next edition of Adoption & Fostering (January 1999).
The Looking after Children Materials a Critical Analysis of Their Use in Practice
Authors: Bell Margaret
Published: March 2013

Margaret Bell discusses some key issues in the use of the Looking After Children materials which arose from their use by social work students and practitioners at the University of York. Overall, the practitioners were positive about the materials, reporting their value for the child in recording a detailed history, and in providing a structure for care planning which incorporated the views of all parties. Equally, concerns were raised that the Assessment and Action Records were not necessarily the most effective or child-centred way of collecting information; that the questioning could be intrusive and that the forms risked placing some artificial boundaries around some key professional decisions. The discussion explores the extent to which an external agenda for practice has the benefits the promoters suggest, and considers whether an essentially bureaucratic system for recording complex and individualistic judgements can double up as a sensitive practice tool.
Parenting Children with Attachment Difficulties: Views of Adoptive Parents and Implications for Post-Adoption Services
Authors: Beek Mary
Published: March 2013

A growing number of children placed for adoption are found to have attachment difficulties. Such difficulties can be profound, leading to disruptive behaviour which adoptive parents often find hard to cope with and understand. As Mary Beek contends in this paper, one of the challenges for adoption agencies is to offer such families appropriate support. In examining a project carried out by the Norfolk-based Adoption and Family Finding Unit's post-adoption service, she demonstrates how specialised help involving parents and post-adoption social workers can dramatically improve the quality of care for adopted children — and indeed the quality of life for all the family. She also underlines the value of attachment theory as a tool for helping adoptive parents understand their children's behaviour.
Improving the Health of Children and Young People Leaving Care
Authors: Broad Bob
Published: March 2013

In this article Bob Broad identifies the health of care leavers as an emerging and significant issue in child care and, based on empirical findings, argues that improvements to their health is needed as a matter of some urgency. The article summarises recent health literature in the leaving care and looked after fields leading to the presentation of the main findings of a research project about the health needs of young people leaving care. The author argues that good health, however defined, needs to be seen from a holistic standpoint whereby the social, personal and emotional elements combine and are inter-related. Located within Quality Protects programmes, and other arrangements, properly funded, more flexible and accessible responses by professionals, as well as fuller involvement of the young people in decision-making processes, are seen as central to improved evidence-based health outputs. The author concludes that the research findings indicate that a much higher priority for health assessments is necessary, as are preventive and supportive strategies, at both personal and interagency levels, to alleviate some of the underlying and unhealthy causes of stress.
A Review of the First Scottish Children's Services Plans in Relation to Adoption
Authors: Clark Irene , McWilliam Emma
Published: March 2013

On 1 April 1996 the nine mainland regional authorities were replaced by 29 unitary authorities which, along with the three island authorities, now form the 32 single-tier administrations for the delivery of public services in Scotland. The Children (Scotland) Act 1995, which was implemented on 1 April 1997, required all Scottish local authorities to publish their first Children's Services Plans by April 1998. Adoption services for children are one example of a service which has traditionally depended on economy of scale, with larger authorities able to employ specialist teams and recruit from diverse and widespread geographical areas. How has adoption fared as a result of local government reorganisation? Irene Clark and Emma McWilliam evaluate the current status given to adoption and where this service features in strategic planning within Children's Services Plans. The findings suggest that adoption has become a low priority in the spectrum of services. The authors make various recommendations at a time when local authorities need to consider how their adoption service will stand up to external inspection by a Scottish Commission for the Regulation of Care, as proposed in the White Paper, Aiming for Excellence (Scottish Office, March 1999).
Exchanging Information Post Adoption: Views of Adoptive Parents and Birth Parents
Authors: Logan Janette
Published: March 2013

Janette Logan reports on the findings of a research study which examined the experiences of adoptive parents and birth parents who were involved in an information exchange scheme. While both acknowledged the importance of exchanging information, different views were expressed as to how the exchange should happen and people's experiences were considerably influenced by their pattern and process of exchange. This study provides empirical evidence to suggest that the exchange of information is by no means straightforward and easy to accomplish in a way that satisfies the needs — in particular the long-term needs — of those involved in the adoption triangle.
The Tangible and Intangible Rewards of Fostering for Carers
Authors: Butler Sandra , Charles Marian
Published: March 2013

Sandra Butler and Marian Charles discuss findings from a small-scale research project examining the dynamics involved in substitute family placements for young people, and assessing the processes demonstrated in fostering breakdowns in terms of the interactions, negotiations and adjustments between the respective parties over time. While briefly exploring carers' expectations of tangible rewards from these experiences, the authors concentrate on the powerful and pervasive effects of intangible rewards. These relate to carers' beliefs that love and care would be reciprocated, that young people would express gratitude, and that they would change sufficiently to fit into their substitute family. Recognising that tangible rewards alone are insufficient to retain carers' valuable services and resources on any long-term basis, the article concludes with suggestions for attending to intangible rewards as a means of maintaining carers' role satisfaction through a crucial sense of a ‘job well done’.
Independent Fostering Agencies: Providing High Quality Services to Children and Carers?
Authors: Sellick Clive
Published: March 2013

Independent fostering agencies have grown significantly in recent years in an era which encouraged the expansion of non-governmental welfare services. Clive Sellick reviews the practice and research literature in respect of this placement sector and its associated services to children and foster carers. He also summarises some major issues which have emerged from the recent evaluation of one independent fostering agency. The views of agency foster carers and local authority social workers are considered, alongside case material relating to children placed. Conclusions are drawn about the future relationship between public and independent fostering agencies.
Intercountry Adoption: Implications for Adoption Agencies and Medical Advisers
Authors: Harnott Cherry , Robertson Rosemary
Published: March 2013

Cherry Harnott and Rosemary Robertson describe their findings during the surveillance of 35 children from overseas who entered Hampshire for the purpose of adoption between 1990 and 1995. This article emphasises the importance of screening the health and development of these children given the high number of unsuspected medical problems found, many of which were significant. It also identifies a number of key issues for adoption agencies to consider when preparing and assessing applicants for intercountry adoption, and the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach in helping to support the adopters in their task of caring for the child.
Are Care Leavers Significantly Dissatisfied and Depressed in Adult Life?
Authors: Buchanan Ann
Published: March 2013

Using data from the National Child Development Study (NCDS), Ann Buchanan explores the links between children who have been ‘in care’ (as they were known pre-Children Act 1989), life satisfaction in adult life, psychological problems at 16 and depression at 33.

In adult life, children who had been in care were less satisfied with their lives and were significantly more at risk of psychological problems at age 16 and depression at age 33. Despite this finding, three out of four children did not have psychological problems at 16, and four out of five did not have such problems at 33. Those who were satisfied with their lives were more likely to have qualifications, jobs and partners, but since life satisfaction can relate to out-of-home and out-of-work activities, this paper suggests that creating opportunities for young people to develop these outside interests as they grow up may increase their sense of self-worth and indirectly protect them from later mental health problems.
Refeeding Hypophosphatemia in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: O'Connor Graeme , Nicholls Dasha
Published: March 2013

The rate of adolescents presenting with anorexia nervosa (AN) is increasing. Medically unstable adolescents are admitted to the hospital for nutrition restoration. A lack of global consensus on appropriate refeeding practices of malnourished patients has resulted in inconsistent refeeding practices. Refeeding hypophosphatemia (RH) is the most common complication associated with refeeding the malnourished patient. This review sought to identify the range of refeeding rates adopted globally and the implication that total energy intake and malnutrition may have on RH while refeeding adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Studies were identified by a systematic electronic search of medical databases from 1980 to September 2012. Seventeen publications were identified, including 6 chart reviews, 1 observational study, and 10 case reports, with a total of 1039 subjects. The average refeeding energy intake was 1186 kcal/d, ranging from 125–1900 kcal/d, with a mean percentage median body mass index (% mBMI) of 78%. The average incidence rate of RH was 14%. A significant correlation between malnutrition (% mBMI) and post‐refeeding phosphate was identified (R 2 = 0.6, P = .01). This review highlights the disparity in refeeding rates adopted internationally in treating malnourished adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Based on this review, the severity of malnutrition seems to be a marker for the development of RH more so than total energy intake.
Leadership Excellence: The Asian Experience
Authors: Bhatta C. Panduranga
Published: March 2013

The globalised world needs people who exhibit courage, confidence, and vision and will to provide leadership based on holistic worldview, and cultivate flexibility, and admit diversity. Leadership excellence lies in adopting innovative approaches that foster understanding and build bridges across ethnic, racial, cultural and religious groups besides promoting social welfare, economic development, and tolerance of all religions and cultures.

Asia provides one of the most inspirational role models for leadership excellence in an ancient Indian king, namely, Ashoka the Great (299–234B.C).

In this paper we present a Case Study on Ashoka the Great. In order to understand his leadership excellence we focus on the vision, mission and action on which his wholesome leadership was based. The main objective of this paper is to bring out a few relevant points, which may contribute to the development of leadership excellence, which is the much focused topic in the field of management theory and practice.
Impact of Family Values and Gender on Transformational Leadership
Authors: Ganguli Ishita , Krishnan Venkat R.
Published: March 2013

This study looks at the relationship between family values, gender norms, and transformational leadership, using a sample of 56 manager-subordinate pairs from five organizations with headquarters in eastern India. Schwartz value survey, Bem Sex Role Inventory, and Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire were used. The findings show that managers whose parents gave importance to benevolence values would possess feminine characteristics. However, neither benevolence values nor femininity was related to transformational leadership. Nevertheless, another significant finding that emerged from this study was the positive relationship between stimulation values and transformational leadership. This indicated that parents who gave importance to stimulation values are likely to have their children becoming transformational leaders.
Risk Based Supervision of Banks – Framework for Risk Assessment
Authors: Vallabh Gourav
Published: March 2013

With progressive deregulation and liberalization of the Indian financial sector, banks are increasingly exposed to various kinds of risk, both financial and non-financial. Efficiency of every bank depends on how effectively it is managing the risks and ensuring a competitive risk adjusted return on capital. For this, it is essential to have in place effective risk management and internal control systems, which are crucial to the conduct of banking business not only to lead the bank more profitably but also in compliance of prudential guidelines. In addition, a supervisor i. e. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) also looks upon the systems and practices in banks in assessing, managing and controlling risks through Risk Based Supervision (RBS), wherein the supervisory resources are directed towards the areas of greater risk to the supervisory objectives which aim at protecting the interest of depositors, stability of the banking system and development of banks as agents of economic growth. Under the RBS approach, the supervisory process would also seek to leverage the work done by internal auditors/inspectors in banks. In this regard, in August 2001, RBI had brought out a discussion paper on “Move Towards Risk-Based Supervision of Banks” in which five significant areas have been identified for action on the part of banks and Risk-Based Internal Audit (RBIA) system is one of them. This paper focuses discussion on RBIA.

In this paper, it is attempted to develop the framework for risk assessment as part of RBIA. The suggested framework is easy to understand and based on the on-site audit conducted by the internal auditor/inspector. Since banks are currently busy in preparatory work relating to switch over from internal audit/inspection to RBIA, the suggested framework is lot of relevance. Researchers in Audit and Inspection may like to refine the suggested framework.
Identification by foreign investors of viable segments in the Indian media market
Authors: Cokley John , Das Sarat Chandra
Published: March 2013

This article reviews the processes followed by significant international media groups in identifying viable news media in the massive Indian market.
Determinants of Capital Structure: An Empirical Analysis of Indian Private Corporate Sector
Authors: Bhayani Sanjay J.
Published: March 2013

The objective of this paper is to examine the capital structure of the Indian firms. The investigation has been performed using panel data procedure for a sample of 504 Indian companies listed on any Stock Exchange of India during 1994–95 2003–04. The hypothesis that is tested in this paper is that the debt ratio at time t depends upon the asset structure at time t, the size at time t, the return on assets at time t, and the debt ratio at time t-1. I have used multivariate regression analysis to find out the significant factors for determinant of capital structure. The empirical results justify our hypothesis that the debt ratio of the Indian companies is positively related to its asset structure and its growth rate, and negatively related to its profitability, business risk and non-debt tax shield. Thus, I conclude that firms that maintain a large proportion of fixed assets tend to maintain a higher debt ratio than smaller firms. Furthermore, larger firms employ more debt capital in comparison with smaller firms and firms with high profitability ratios tend to use less debt than firms that do not generate high profits. My findings also suggest that firms do follow a target capital structure during the examined period. These results are consistent with the theoretical background presented in the second section of the paper.
An Empirical Study On The Effectiveness of Celebrity Advertisements
Authors: Jyothi K. Tamizh , Rajkumar C. Samudhra
Published: March 2013

Indian market is flooded with global brands which force the organizations to use celebrities, as they would easily arrests audience's attention and thereby enhance the awareness about the product. To accomplish this, they spend huge amount to make the endorsement contract with the celebrity. However it is essential to understand the effectiveness of celebrity advertisement over non celebrity advertisement. Our research shows that the celebrity advertisements are more effective than non-celebrity advertisements; still the product category is the main factor that influences the effectiveness of celebrity advertisements. Other dimensions of celebrity advertisements which includes celebrity loyalty, multi-product endorsement and purchase intention were also explored in this article.
Enterprise Resource Planning Interactive Via duct B/w Human & Computer
Authors: Kesharwani Subodh
Published: March 2013

Understanding human thinking is crucial in the design and evaluation of human-computer interaction. Computing devices and applications are at this moment employed ahead of the desktop, in dissimilar environments, and this tendency toward ubiquitous computing is gathering speed. As computers become major necessity and having connectivity widespread, we are increasingly becoming competent to access computer power, data, information and knowledge from anyplace and at anytime. Conversely, in order to fetch the benefits of such accessible intelligence (commonly known as ‘ERP’ or a latest buzzword in a contemporary scenario and in the field of information technology too); we should not overlook the ongoing evolutions and revolutions in human-computer communications and its interfaces. Indeed, as the human factors of information systems and knowledge systems emerge as a research area in and of itself, it is thoughtful to go on board on this electrifying field of study. The operation of the Human-Computer with a flavour of ERP is to encourage interdisciplinary study and education in user-centered computer systems. The location of ERP is to make interactive and intelligent human-computer interfaces, in order to effectively enable users to accomplish their desired tasks. This paper present a personal outlook of the HCI landscape in a historical perspective. The paper also aims part to support newcomers in the filed to grasp the origins of HCI and in part to provide grounds for a discussion of the field of usability that is being challenged by the social and cultural developments (Jorgensen 2000). This paper has argued that in order to properly understand the interaction between ERP system and human computer interactions networks one must scrutinize the mutual flows of influence and the dynamic interaction between the two. Thus to bridge this gap, the paper critically reviews the existing ERP in a humanity context and upgrade decision-drivers, synthesizes a framework based on the literature, and extends the framework as necessary. At last but not least the paper show-off a personal, historical overview of these develoments in accompanying ERP system as seen form a HCI perspective.
How Being Good Is Good For Business?
Authors: Khanka S. S.
Published: March 2013

Business and society have been coeval since time immemorial. Only the nature of relationship between the two has undergone change from profit-drenched motive to people motive. Business history all over the world is replete with such examples that ultimately the businesses conducted in an ethical or good manner survive and succeed and those conducted in an unethical manner flounder and fizzle out in due course of time. The reason is ‘Satymev Jayate’ i.e., only the truth wins. It is against this background, the present paper makes an attempt to explain and exemplify how ethical conduct of business proves good for business itself.
Influence of Age and Size on Firm Performance-A Comparative Study of Manufacturing and Service Sectors.
Authors: Raja J. , Kumar A. Suresh
Published: March 2013

This paper addresses the issue of firm age and asset (Size) impact on firm performance. The main purpose of this paper is to find, whether firms age and asset can behave in similar fashion across industries particularly in manufacturing and service industries. The results show that manufacturing firms are older and slightly better profitable than services firms. The age of the firm is significant but negatively related to services firms The firm age does not produce any result for many facturing firms. Interestiingly, the total asset of the manufacturing firms’ is significantly related to firm performance, but it produces negative relationship between firm asset and firm perfprmance. The firm asset does not yield any results for service firms. Finally, it is concluded that the age and asset of the firm behaves differntly according to the industry charcterstics.
Measuring Performance of Mobile Service Providers: An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Debnath Roma Mitra , Shankar Ravi
Published: March 2013

Telecommunication is the lifeline of society. Telecom sectors are plays an important role for economic and commercial growth for any country. In the last two years, there has been an exponential growth in cellular mobile services in India. At present the mobile subscriber base is increasing at the rate of about 2.5–3 million subscribers per month. However the efficiency and quality of service would suffer if efficient interconnections were not enforced in a timely manner. There is still great diversity in the relative performance of various service providers, which is matter of concern to the telecom planner in this country. This paper employs the method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to compare the relative efficiency of mobile service providers in India. The identification of the strongest and the weakest service providers could be very useful in improving their efficiency and performance. Mathematically, DEA determines the best weights for each input and output for a particular unit under study so as to maximize its relative efficiency. The results may be insightful to the telecom policy planner as it identifies the inefficient service providers, who can improve the performance by making the efficient providers as their role model. The paper also identifies some generic insights from this study.
Customer Driven Product Development Through Quality Function Development (QFD)
Authors: Sharma J. R. , Rawani A. M.
Published: March 2013

Over the years, quality has been a differentiating factor within the manufacturing industry. In this paper, an attempt is made not only to analyze existing models of product development but also introduces the concept of Customer Driven Product Development (CDPD). Here the methodology for the development of CDPD Model through Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is presented. The QFD process includes prioritization of customer needs, competition ranking and technical deployment for the new/improved product. The paper is composed of Product Development background, related literature review and explanatory steps for model development. A Customer Driven Product Development Model is depicted to build the proposed House of Quality, along with comprehensive details of the pertinent components. The paper will serve and motivate product designers and developers to incorporate this QFD methodology and hence promote QFD's future development.
Globalization of Indian Economy: Challenges in Trade Logistics and Transportation
Authors: Singh Ram
Published: March 2013

Increasing globalization of the Indian economy has become a significant factor in the evolution of the nation's transportation network. Between 1991 and 2005, the share of India's gross domestic product accounted for by trade in goods and services has grown from 4.9 percent to 11.1 percent. Liberalization of world & Indian trade policies has occurred allowing industries and nations to use trade as a major source of economic growth; mMulti-national trade blocks have developed solidifying the trade, transportation, and institutional links within broad regions of the world (e.g., the Americas, Europe, ASEAN, SAARC); in general and in Pacific rim in particular. mSupply chains have become globalized as industries seek out the cost and market advantages that different parts of the world offer for different elements of the supply chain. As such, this paper tries to hightlight the different effets of Globalization on Indian Economy.