bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of mitochondrial calcium transport and redox metabolism on dark-induced senescence and aluminum stress tolerance
Authors:   , Silva Marcelle Ferreira
Published: August 2024

Stress can be caused by a broad range of conditions and different cellular responses can significantly alter plant metabolism to cope with such conditions. Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a critical factor limiting plant growth in acidic soils. Al is a highly redox reactive element, and its main symptom is root growth inhibition. Dark is another common stress that affects plants; in this scenario, dark-induced senescence is a highly regulated process that requires massive transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming to break down and remobilize valuable resources. For both stresses aforementioned, mitochondrial metabolism is crucial to support cellular processes; accordingly, in Al toxicity it is involved in providing organic acids (OA) to complex Al, whereas in dark conditions it is intimately related to carbon and nitrogen remobilization. In this context, two main processes, related to mitochondria, underpin important cellular responses to these different abiotic stress conditions namely (i) redox system and (ii) calcium (Ca 2+ ) transients. Evidence suggests that thioredoxin (TRX) system are responsible for mitigating oxidative damage through the control of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus making it important to sustain plant development following abiotic stress. Moreover, Ca 2+ signaling is directly involved in responses to environmental cues. Here we attempted to understand how the Arabidopsis’ mitochondrial TRX system participates in the mitigation of the Al toxicity and how mitochondrial Ca 2+ transporters modulate the dark-induced senescence responses. Surprisingly, our findings revealed the major importance of the GR redox system status in Al mitigation compared to the TRX system. Our results further demonstrated a clear difference in chlorophyll degradation pathway under dark conditions for the mutants lacking the mitochondrial Ca 2+ transporter. We further asked whether this phenomenon was related to the matrix enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH2) and its regulation by Ca 2+ ; nevertheless, a clear connection between the mitochondrial Ca 2+ transporter and matrix Ca levels and the chlorophyll degradation was not unequivocally apparent. Collectively, our results indicate that mitochondrial metabolism plays an important role in coping with abiotic stress conditions and perturbations in this organelle lead to differential metabolic response under stress conditions. Keywords: Glutamate dehydrogenase; Glutathione; Thioredoxin.
AI-Driven Predictive Models for Healthcare Supply Chains: Developing AI Models to Predict and Optimize Healthcare Supply Chains, especially during Global Health Emergencies
Authors:   USA, Yadav Vivek
Published: August 2024

Healthcare supply chains are vital in delivering medical goods and products so that patients get the products on time, especially during events that may trigger such diseases as flu.
ЎЗБЕКИСТОНДА ЎҚИТУВЧИ МАЪНАВИЙ ҚИЁФАСИНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШНИНГ КОНЦЕПТУАЛ АСОСЛАРИ
Authors: Ўтанов Ўткир
Published: August 2024

Мақолада Ўзбекистонда ўқитувчи маънавий қиёфасини ривожлантиришнинг концептуал асослари ёритилган бўлиб, унда ўқитувчи маънавий қиёфасини ривожлантиришда Ўзбекистон Республикасининг янги таҳрирдаги Конституциясида ўқитувчининг ижтимоий мақомининг белгиланиши,“Таълим тўғрисида”ги Қонуни(2020 йил)да мамлакатимизда ўқитувчининг нуфузини мустаҳкамлашнинг тарихий имкониятлари ўрганилган. Бундан ташқари мақолада Президент Шавкат Мирзиёев асарлари, нутқлари, қарорлари ва фармонларида ўқитувчи маънавий қиёфасини ривожлантиришга оид муҳим ғоялар таҳлили баён этилган.
ISMOIL SOMONIYNING BOSHQARUV TIZIMI VA QO‘SHIN ISLOHOTI
Authors: Dekhkanov Narimon , To‘xtasinov Mirazam
Published: August 2024

Ushbu maqolada Arab xalifaligining inqirozidan so‘ng vujudga kelgan O‘rta Osiyodagi dastlabki markazlashgan davlat asoschisi, 892-907-yillarda hukmronlik qilgan, markazlashgan Somoniylar davlatining yirik vakili, Somoniylar sulolasining eng qudratli va zabardast hukdorlaridan biri hisoblangan Ahmad ibn Asadning ikkinchi o‘g‘li, Buxoro hukmdori hisoblangan Ismoil ibn Ahmad as-Somoniy davrida Somoniylar davlatida amalga oshirilgan boshqaruv tizimi va qo‘shin islohotiga oid ma’lumotlar keltirib o‘tilgan.
GLOBALLASHUV JARAYONLARINING YOSHLAR MA’NAVIY HAYOTIGA TA’SIRINING ASOSIY YO‘NALISHLARI VA ULARNING XUSUSIYATLARI
Authors: Madraximov Jahongir
Published: August 2024

Ushbu maqolada globallashuv jarayonlarining yoshlar ma’naviy hayotiga ta’siri va uning asosiy yo‘nalishlari va xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Globallashuvning yoshlar ma’naviyati va axloqi rivojlanishiga ta’siri ilmiy asosda yoritilgan. Internet, ijtimoiy tarmoqlar, ommaviy axborot vositalari, madaniyatlararo aloqalar va global madaniyat orqali globallashuvning yoshlar ma’naviyatiga ijobiy va salbiy ta’sirlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, milliy ma’naviyatni saqlash va globallashuvning salbiy ta’sirlariga qarshi kurashish usullari bo‘yicha tavsiyalar berilgan.
XRONOLOGIYA VA IJOD: INGLIZ VA O'ZBEK MA'RIFIY DRAMALARINI QIYOSIY O'RGANISH
Authors: Asqarova Dilbarxon
Published: August 2024

Ushbu tadqiqot ingliz va oʻzbek maʼrifati dramaturgiyasida xronologiya va ijodkorlikning kesishuvini oʻrganadi. Qiyosiy tahlil orqali u temporal elementlarning har ikki madaniyatdagi asarlarning hikoyaviy tuzilmalari va tematik tuzilmalariga qanday integratsiyalashganligini tekshiradi. Tadqiqot ma’rifat davriga kengroq madaniy va falsafiy nuqtai nazarlarni taklif qilib, vaqtni tasvirlashning turli va bir-biriga mos keladigan badiiy uslublarini ochib beradi. Ushbu maqola asarlarni tahlil qilib, davr dramaturgiyasi va uning keyingi adabiy taraqqiyotga ta’siri haqidagi tushunchamizni kengaytiradi.
СУД ҲУКМИНИ ЧИҚАРИШ ЖАРАЁНИДА СУД МАЖЛИСИ БАЁННОМАСИНИНГ ПРОЦЕССУАЛ ВА ИСБОТЛОВЧИ ФУНКЦИЯЛАРИ
Authors: Алишаев Собир
Published: August 2024

Ушбу илмий мақолада суд ҳукмини чиқаришда суд мажлиси баённомасининг процессуал ва исботловчи функциялари таҳлил қилинади. Мақолада баённоманинг расмийлаштириш, натижаларни мустаҳкамлаш, баҳсларни ҳал қилиш каби процессуал аҳамияти ва далилларнинг ҳаққонийлигини таъминлаш, далилларни текшириш учун манба бўлиши, суд хулосаларини чиқаришда ёрдам бериши каби исботловчи аҳамияти ўрганилади. Суд мажлиси баённомасининг тўғри ва аниқ расмийлаштирилиши жиноий адолатнинг таъминланишида асосий ўрин тутиши таъкидланади. Мақола суд мажлиси баённомасининг жиноий одил судловни адолатли ва қонуний тарзда юритишдаги ролини кўрсатиб беради.
OTALIK FAKTINI BELGILASH ISHI (BOTIR QODIROV VA JO`RAYEVLAR OILASI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Muhammadiyev Bahromjon
Published: August 2024

Ushbu maqolada men avvalo ish faktlari va otalik faktini belgilash bo`yicha o`zbekiston qonunchilik tizimi bilan tanishtiraman. Otalikni belgilash o`zi nima uchun kerakligi masalasini Botir Qodirov va Jo`rayevlar oilasi misolida tushuntirishga harakat qilaman. Bu ishda garchi Botir Qodirov merosga hech qanday da`vosi yo`qligini aytgan bo`lishiga qaramay, otalik fakti belgilanadigan bo`lsa, qonunchilikka binoan aslida qanday huquqlarga ega bo`lishi haqida so`z yuritib, undan keyin qonunchilikka taklif kiritaman, so`ngida esa xulosa yasayman. Ushbu ish O’zbekistondagi sanatkorlarga oid eng mashhur ishlardan biri bo’lib, ushbu maqolada ushbu fuqarolik ishiga oid prosessual va moddiy huquqiy masalalarni tizimli tahlil qilib, ish natijasi qanday huquqiy oqibatlarni yuzaga chiqarishini korsatib berishga harakat qilaman.
KORRUPSIYAGA QARSHI KURASHNING DOLZARB MASALALARI TAHLILI: QONUNCHILIK VA AMALIYOT
Authors: Maxmudova Hurmatxon
Published: August 2024

Mazkur maqolada bugungi kunda butun dunyo hamjamiyatini tashvishga solayotgan, global muammoga aylangan, jamiyatni turli yo‘llar bilan iskanjaga oladigan, terrorizm va boshqa hodisalarning chuqur ildiz otishiga sharoit yaratib beradigan, eng asosiysi insonlar xavfsizligiga jiddiy tahdid soladigan korrupsiya haqida bo‘lib, shuningdek, dunyoning rivojlangan davlatlari tomonidan korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashish bo‘yicha olib borilayotgan davlat siyosati, poraxo’rlikning oldini olishga qaratilgan huquqiy va siyosiy islohotlar va ularni amalga oshirish mexanizmlari, korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashdagi qator kamchiliklar hamda muammolar yechimi bo‘yicha takliflar hamda korrupsiyasiz jamiyat qurishning muhim bosqichlari haqida, mamlakatimizda korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashish bo‘yicha olib borilayotgan islohotlar va kamchiliklar va bu boradagi takliflari bo‘yicha huquqshunos mutaxassislar tomonidan olib borilgan ilmiy izlanishlarni o‘rganish natijalari bo‘yicha korrupsiyaga qarshi kurashish sohasidagi muammlolar va yechimlar bo‘yicha asoslarini аnаliz vа sintеz, kоmplеks yondаshuv, tizimli-funksiоnаl yondаshuv, kоntеnt аnаliz, rеtrоspеktiv tаhlil, diаlеktik, sinеrgеtik kаbi ilmiy bilish usullаridаn fоydаlаnilgan holda tadqiq etilgani bayon qilinadi.
Communication Strategies Used during a Crisis in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry in Naivasha Sub-County
Authors: Muriuki Robert , Inimah Gertrude , Mwenda Idah
Published: August 2024

Purpose: Since tourism is highly susceptible to shocks, and effects of crises in the industry can lead to several direct and indirect repercussions, appropriate communication techniques and strategies are needed to proactively overcome or prevent crises. However, in Kenya, assessment of the same is glaringly insufficient, hence, the need for the current study. The study objective was guided by a research question; What are the during-crisis communication strategies used in crises preparedness in the tourism and hospitality industry in Naivasha Sub-county?
Methodology: The study was conducted among hotels in Naivasha Sub-County of Nakuru County of Kenya using a mixed research methodology. Using a sample of 362 employees through multi-stage and purposive sampling techniques, questionnaires were used to collect data among employees while 28 key informant interviews were used among the hotel managers. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze quantitative data.
Findings: The study concluded that during crisis communication strategies featured issuance of accurate and consistent messages, giving precautions, dissemination of information on how to cope physically as well as information on prioritizing self-protection. The communication strategies during the crisis influenced the preparedness in small and insignificant amounts (sig. = .968). The results showed that communicating on precautions during a crisis was a special way and strategy to contain the effect of the crisis. The study found that more than half of the hotel staff 175(59.5%) agreed that their organizations give accurate and consistent messages on crisis preparedness.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that the Cabinet secretary in the Ministry of Tourism develop policies that spell and guide crisis management plans that acknowledge effective crisis communication strategies in hotels in the country. For individual hotel operators and managers in Naivasha subcounty, provision of regular information on crisis, and having a crisis communication plan in the precrisis stage will educate and sensitize the employees of the possible risks and how to handle them. This study findings will inform academia and be a base for scholars in mass communication in carrying out further studies in communicative strategies used in crises preparedness. The study findings inform development and roll out of policies that guide crisis management plans in tourism and hotel industry.
Two Crises, One Strategy: A Comparative Analysis of Polio and COVID-19 Response Strategies
Authors: Mahajan Anusha , Vyas Shuchi
Published: August 2024

Polio and COVID-19 are contagious diseases that affect the world to varying degrees. In America, both viruses overwhelmed communities and terrorized the public. Polio’s peak epidemics in America during the early to mid-1950s and the COVID-19 pandemic, starting in 2020 but slowly ending in 2023, were shortened through similar restrictions and fundraising efforts by the American public and government. There are many similarities between the government’s handling of these two viruses regarding campaigns and quarantines. Public health fundraisers for funding and vaccination for polio were related to the future movements for COVID-19. In addition, lessons learned from polio’s time about social restrictions helped the government enforce successful and effective constraints for COVID-19. The resemblance of the management between the poliovirus and the coronavirus highlights the importance of understanding the similarities between different viral infections and how this can help with future outbreaks.
LPG-Diesel Dual Fuel Emission Characteristics: A Review
Authors: Al-Amoodi Turki , Khalafalla Mohammed , Ahmed Samer
Published: August 2024

The global shift away from fossil fuels for energy, driven by concerns about emissions and energy security, has sparked significant interest in alternative fuels. One promising approach involves combining alternative fuels, like Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), with traditional diesel engines. This strategy, known as the dual-fuel concept, aims to harness the strengths of each fuel type while reducing emissions and improving engine performance. This review focuses primarily on LPG as a dual fuel for diesel engines. LPG, a gaseous fuel primarily composed of propane and butane, offers substantial environmental benefits, including a 15% reduction in CO2 emissions, a 30% reduction in CO emissions, and a 50% reduction in NOx emissions compared to diesel. However, using pure LPG in diesel engines faces a challenge related to its ignition behavior. This challenge can be overcome by blending LPG with substances like Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) or diesel fuel, which act as ignition enhancers. The main goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential advantages and applicability of the dual-fuel system combining diesel and LPG. It will explore various experimental setups, designs, and injection techniques, presenting diverse findings related to both engine performance and emissions. Additionally, the review will discuss additives that can further improve the combustion process. Overall, the research highlights the promising role of LPG as a dual fuel in reducing emissions and enhancing the efficiency of diesel engines, contributing to a more sustainable energy future.
Recent advancements in ballistic protection - a review
Authors: Zou Wenjuan
Published: August 2024

This research review paper describes the historical evolution of protective armor and then delves into current methods of producing effective ballistic protection. It investigates the potential of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites, such as kenaf and ramie. Then, it discusses the exploration of 3D printed body armor, which can take on tailored designs and has the potential for optimized energy absorption and dissipation. The paper studies coating enhanced body armor, where shear-thickening fluid and graphene oxide coatings are introduced to enhance pliability and resilience. The review then discusses further developments, such as the integration of advanced nanomaterials, metamaterials, and smart materials as potential options for enhanced protection, alongside the imperative to balance cost, durability, usability, and rigorous testing. The discussion highlights the multifaceted nature of ballistic protection advancements and the crucial need for addressing modern security challenges while ensuring practical implementation.
PID Optimization Tuning Using Lagrangian Mechanics
Authors: Kou Ethan , Moghadam Majid
Published: August 2024

Creating a simulation of a system enables the tuning of control systems without the need for a physical system. In this paper, we employ Lagrangian Mechanics to derive a set of equations to simulate an inverted pendulum on a cart. The system consists of a freely-rotating rod attached to a cart, with the rod’s balance achieved through applying the correct forces to the cart. We manually tune the proportional, integral, and derivative gain coefficients of a Proportional Integral Derivative controller (PID) to balance a rod. To further improve PID performance, we can optimize an objective function to find better gain coefficients.
Mental Healthcare Resources to Prevent Weathering in Low-Income Racial Minority Groups
Authors: Gulrajani Avni
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the compounding challenges faced by racial minority communities, particularly Black and Hispanic/Latinx individuals, in accessing mental health resources in the U.S., focusing on those in low-income neighborhoods. The findings underscore the effects of systemic racism, economic disparity, and educational inequalities on these populations, exacerbating mental and physical health outcomes. A critical phenomenon known as "weathering" is highlighted, describing the physical manifestations of chronic stress linked to racism and systemic inequalities, leading to severe health complications and shorter life expectancy. The paper contends that while genetics can play a role in health outcomes, the extent of disparities between racial minorities and their white counterparts is too pronounced to be attributed solely to biological factors. Instead, societal structures, stressors, and limited access to vital mental health resources play pivotal roles. By emphasizing the vital roles of urban planners and policymakers, this research advocates for a cohesive strategy to prioritize mental health infrastructure in low-income areas, promoting overall well-being. By addressing the intricate interplay of systemic racism, poverty, and health, solutions can be forged to ameliorate the adverse impacts of weathering and advance health equity.
The Effect of Postoperative Ileus on the Gastrointestinal Motility of Rats
Authors: Doroshenko Sofiya , Cheairs Tetyana
Published: August 2024

Postoperative ileus (POI)  is defined as a prolonged absence of bowel function which can occur after an abdominal surgical procedure. Due to the complications caused by POI, hospital stays and related costs have been shown to increase. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of POI on the gastrointestinal (GI) motility of rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were given a meal with phenol red and POI was induced via abdominal surgery. The experimental and the naive control group had stomachs and small intestines (SI) isolated and each SI was divided into 7 equal-length pieces. Each created a homogenous mixture and the amount of phenol red was determined. Positive differences for SI 2 to 8 indicated delayed intestinal motility in the experimental group. The stomachs in the experimental group had a significantly larger (p<0.05) amount of meal inside (0.362 ± 0.031 absorbance) compared to the stomachs of the control rats  (0.176 ± 0.032  absorbance), suggesting a slower rate of food passage in the experimental group. These findings suggest that surgically induced POI causes a decrease in GI motility in rats. Future studies could focus on the effects of neostigmine on the decrease of POI in rats, for the purpose of eliminating discomfort during survival surgeries in rat models.
Predicting power outages utilizing machine learning and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Talukdar Aadrit , Toweh Jayson
Published: August 2024

Due to climate change and global warming, power outages have been increasing in frequency and severity. Such power outages not only cause disruptions to day-to-day life but also endanger hospital patients and people using power-reliant medical equipment at home, as well as elderly people relying on cooling and heating. With such an increase in power outages, it becomes imperative to find a solution to mitigate the impacts and frequency of such power outages. This paper analyzes the relationships between power outages and climate factors, such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation to determine which are the most significant. Machine learning techniques are used to develop predictive models to identify climate conditions that are likely to cause power grid failures. In addition, this paper also investigates the use of these models in analyzing the resiliency of power grids. This study is focused on the West Coast of the United States. The climate factors and power outage data from 2017-2023 are used in this analysis. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were developed to perform the analysis. The results obtained during this research indicated that the ANN models were not effective in predicting power outages based on weather factors for the locations chosen. This is likely due to the highly skewed data sets, as well as existing robustness of these locations against weather-related factors. Future work should include applying such modeling on other locations that are more susceptible to weather-related power outages as well as investigating other modeling techniques.
Assessing the Efficacy of Methods for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Review
Authors: Crisan Zoey
Published: August 2024

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), and Esketamine have all been proven to be effective against treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, it is still unclear which method of treatment is the most effective both in general and in specific populations of patients exhibiting certain traits (i.e. psychosis) or with varied severities of TRD. ECT is the oldest form of treatment and has been proven effective, though not without significant side effects. TMS has also been shown to be effective, but without the side effects of ECT. Esketamine is the newest form of treatment for TRD, only having been approved by the FDA in 2019. Although current research demonstrates its efficacy, little research has been done on this modality because of its novelty. Trials from 2000-2019 were searched for and utilized to examine the efficacy of these three treatments in comparison to each other. The most recent and relevant studies were chosen. Studies completed before 2000 or utilizing patients without qualifying criteria for TRD were not included in our review.  The data analyzed suggest that ECT is the most effective form of treatment overall, but TMS is noninferior in nonpsychotic patients and esketamine is effective for patients with TRD and no other chronic comorbidities.
Navigating the Landscape of Chinese Inequality: Empirical Findings on Income and Wealth, 2011-2019
Authors: Qiu Tianyi , Sun Shilong
Published: August 2024

This paper gives a comprehensive analysis of income and wealth inequality in China during its recent remarkable economic transformation. Using comprehensive data from the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) between 2011 and 2019, I present the first empirical study on income and wealth inequality in urban and rural China. The results indicate a steady rise in income inequality over time, resulting in persistent wealth inequality. These findings shed light on policies that aim at reducing economic inequality.
Quality Control Testing of Chloramphenicol Eye Drops
Authors: Ruwida Kamour
Published: August 2024

Background and aims. Choramphenicol is one of important therapeutic options for bacterial conjunctivitis. Its eye drop formulation must possess standards of good quality and sterility. The drug is very sensitive to light and temperature and must be stored between 2 and 8 ᵒ C. This study included testing two of the marketed eye-drops formulations of chloramphenicol of two different origins to ensure quality and efficacy of the drugs. Methods. The test methodology followed same pharmacopeial tests to evaluate both physical and chemical aspects of the drugs tested. Identification tests and assay were carried out. Results. Both products passed the identification tests however, there were different findings and the product from Pakistani company failed to comply with BP limits for the pH range and assay. Conclusion. It is of great importance to check on some drugs to see if affected during transport and distribution by testing samples collected randomly from pharmacies.
Prevalence of Depression and Its Associated Factors among Adult Libyan Diabetic Patients Attending Golden Polyclinic, Al-Badri, Tripoli
Authors: Ehmeid Khalifa
Published: August 2024

Background and aims: Depression is a significant public health concern and a common comorbid condition among patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aims to assess the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among patients with diabetes in the Al-Badri polyclinic. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Badri Polyclinic from February to April 2024. The presence of depression among diabetes patients was assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS software version 26. Results: A total of two hundred and forty-seven participants were enrolled in the study, with 142 (57.5%) being female and 168 (68.0%) aged between 41 and 60 years. The majority of participants (71.7%) were married, and 40.5% were employed. Additionally, 78% had a positive family history of diabetes mellitus. Among the participants, 43.3% were smokers. The duration of diabetes mellitus was more than 10 years for 52.2% of the patients. Approximately two-thirds of the patients (61.5%) were taking tablets for the treatment of DM. The majoring of the patients (98.8%) had an HbA1c level of 6.5 or higher. Approximately one-third of the patients had hypertension as a comorbidity with DM, and 12.1% had heart disease as a complication of diabetes. The overall prevalence of moderate depression among the diabetes patients at the clinic was 24.7%. The majority (70.4%) exhibited mild depression, and 4.9% experienced minimal depression. No cases of severe depression were identified. Factors independently associated with depression included being on age, marital status, insulin therapy, and comorbidities. Conclusion: Depression was prevalent in our diabetic patients. Factors independently associated with this included being on age, marital status, insulin therapy, and comorbidities. The study emphasizes and recommends the importance of identifying and managing depression among diabetes patients. It is also recommended to increase awareness of the benefits of early diagnosis of patients to prevent major forms of depression and cost saving for the health system. Programs for screening depression should be implemented in primary care settings.
Cultural Tourism Potential and its Development Challenges in Harari Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Haymanot
Published: August 2024

The Harari Region offers a rich cultural experience, including well-known historical sites, vibrant festivals, traditional arts, and unique culinary offerings, attracting tourists worldwide. The objective of this study was to assess cultural tourism potential and development challenges in Harari Region. A descriptive research design employed both qualitative and quantitative research approaches to describe the existing phenomena. The study employed probability and non-probability sampling techniques to obtain a representative sample and targeted groups. The respondents to this study were culture and tourism office experts, tourist guides, Museum Staff guides, Souvenir Shop sellers, and local communities. Qualitative data is collected through semi-structured interviews and observation, while quantitative data is collected through questionnaires. The quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 using frequency, percentage, and charts, using both primary and secondary data sources. The study finding reveals that despite the region’s rich cultural heritage, there are development challenges like inadequate infrastructure, insufficient promotional efforts, lack of awareness, poor handling systems, limited documentation, financial constraints, and urban pressures. The findings suggest that stakeholders should utilize cultural tourism properly while avoiding development challenges to support the Harari region and Ethiopia’s development efforts.
Effect of Dissemination of Agricultural Information through Radio on Crop Output
Authors: A. J Madugu , L. K Joel , A Kayam , S. A Tiddy
Published: August 2024

The study examined the effects of dissemination of agricultural information through radio on crop output in northern Adamawa Agricultural Zone I. Specifically, effects of disseminating agricultural information through radio on crop output, effects of disseminating information via different radio channels and constraints faced from obtaining information via radio were examined. Data for this study was obtained majorly from primary source which were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire administered to the respondents in the study area via the use of Kobo Collect installed on mobile devices. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used as analytical tools for this study. The target population for this study were all the food crop farmers in the five LGAs in the Zone. Two hundred and forty (240) food crop farmers were served as sample size for the study. The content validity method was used to ascertain the strength of the research instrument. On the other hand, the test- re-test method was used to check the reliability of the instrument. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used as analytical tools. The study was anchored on the communication and diffusion of innovation theory by Rogers, 1962 and Rogers and Everest in 1971. The study revealed that agricultural knowledge gained through radio programs, particularly in the context of herbicides/pesticides application if the main effect of dissemination of agricultural information through radio on crop output. Radio stations, such as BBC Hausa, have a significant positive influence on crop output when tuned in by farmers. However, other radio stations, including FM Poly Mubi, NAS FM Mubi, Voice of America (VOA), and Radio France, had no statistically significant impacts on crop production. Critical role of timing, consistency, program diversity, and accessibility in ensuring the efficacy of radio-based knowledge dissemination were the major challenges faced by farmers regarding radio programs. The study recommended that policymakers and agricultural program developers should consider these results when designing information campaigns to support local farmers in improving crop production outputs.
Coalition Formation and the Role of Ethnicity in Kenyan General Election, 2022
Authors: Prattay Saimum Rahman
Published: August 2024

The political sector of Kenya provides an interesting perspective into the importance of lineage and ethnicity in Kenyan politics. Kenyan politicians are prone to switching alliances and forming coalitions to fit within their rapidly changing party dynamics and structure which are heavily influenced by ethnic factors. The leaders of these ethnic groups too are more likely to provide support depending on future favorability during the distribution of resources or positions within the new government. This paper reviews relevant literature and uses the social cleavage theory to discuss the importance of ethnicity in the formation of coalitions in Kenyan election of 2022. Through the discussions, the paper points out the instability of coalitions mostly based on ethnicity in Kenya and recommends the pursuit of a national identity instead of an ethnic identity.
Community Participation and Sustainability of Youth Livelihood Projects in Uganda: A Case of Northern Uganda Youth Entrepreneurship Project (NUYEP)
Authors: Phionah. Tumuhairwe , Pontious. Mubiru , Kizza Dr. James
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study examined the effect of community participation on sustainability of youth livelihood projects in Uganda, using a case of Northern Uganda Youth Entrepreneurship Project (NUYEP). The specific objectives of the study were to determine the effect of community participation in planning, implementation and monitoring on sustainability of NUYEP. Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional design with both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Data was collected from a sample of 152 project beneficiaries and 10 local leaders using a self-administered questionnaire and interview guide. The data was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation and regression analysis with the help of SPSS v25. Findings: The study found a significant positive relationship between community participation in planning (rs= 0.406**, p=0.000); participation in implementation (rs= 0.655**, p=0.000); and participation in monitoring (rs= 0.365**, p = 0.000) and project sustainability. Collectively, the predictor variables explain 52.1% of the variation in project sustainability. Conclusion: It is concluded that community participation improves the sustainability of Youth Livelihood projects. Recommendations: It is recommended that future projects do prioritize community participation in project definition, implementation and monitoring. This should be a key aspect of project programming. Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of how community participation is aiding the sustainability of the NUYEP project. In addition, most studies do explore the aspect of project performance with very few handling the aspect of project sustainability especially involving the youth programmes.
A Marine Experiment Using Dielectric Elastomer Generators and Comparative Study with Actual Measured Values and Theoretical Values
Authors: Chiba Seiki , Waki Mikio
Published: August 2024

Power generators using dielectric elastomer (DE) transducers are inexpensive, highly efficient, lightweight, stackable, and also easy to install. Therefore, it is considered optimal for an eco-energy society and is attracting attention as a renewable energy device. In particular, DE wave power generators are characterized by the fact that it is not limited by the direction and size of waves, which is a problem with existing wave power generation. This paper presents an accurate method for measuring the energy generated by a DE generator (DEG) and compares it with the theory value obtained by calculation. The electrode materials actually used in this study were a variety of carbon-based materials (including muti-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and singe-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)), and the performance of DEs using these materials was compared. Furthermore, ocean experiments in actual sea areas using DEG were also conducted, and the energy conversion rate was calculated based on the electrical results.
 
Received: 30 May 2024 | Revised: 12 July 2024 | Accepted: 31 July 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Seiki Chiba: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition; Mikio Waki: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization.
Design and Implementation of a Photonic-Based Electronic Warfare System
Authors: Khanna Devesh , De Sampurna , Bazil Raj A. A. , Chaudhari Bharat S.
Published: August 2024

Nowadays, the Radio frequency (RF) Photonics become an inevitable candidate to address several military related potential applications including electronic warfare (EW), photonic signal processing (PSP), photonic-based RF transportation, and photonic communications. As part of this emerging technology development/requirement, we designed a photonic-based EW systems (PEWS) in the optisystem environment (later implemented using optoelectronic components) to extract various radar waveforms such as continuous wave (CW), pulsed wave, and frequency/phase modulated wave. All these radar waveforms are transmitted and captured by the proposed/implemented PEW system, and then processed to construct the radar signatures from its electromagnetic (EM) spectrum/signals. The key parameters of various waveforms generated and processed in our research work are varied, over the time, during the performance validation tests. The values of key parameters of the waveforms: RF CW signal frequencies, pulse repetition times (PRTs), pulse-widths, Barker code phase modulations, Frank code poly-phase modulations, sweep frequencies, and RF power levels; are 100 Hz through 8 GHz, 10 ms through 2 µs, 750 ns through 2 ns, 0o /80o, 0o /90o /180o /270o,  and -84 dBm through 30 dBm, respectively. The details of PEWS design approaches, their implementation methodologies, and different performance validation experimental results are reported, and analyzed. The limitations, and possible immediate research contributions/requirements are also listed.
 
Received: 14 December 2023 | Revised: 31 May 2024 | Accepted: 25 July 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Devesh Khanna: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft. Sampurna De: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Visualization. A. A. Bazil Raj: Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Supervision. Bharat S. Chaudhari: Formal analysis, Resources, Data curation, Writing – review & editing, Project administration.
Conceptualizing the Digital Pedagogy in Arts Higher Education: Examining the Roles of Training, Technology Support, and Teacher Mindsets
Authors: Tai Ge , Nasir Nadia Binti Mohd
Published: August 2024

In this concept paper, the propositions for incorporating professional development, ICT awareness,  and technical support to introduce technology incorporation practices among College of Arts  instructors are discussed. Drawing from past research in practice, this study’s conceptual  framework posits value and ability beliefs as the mediators of technology integration practices.  This research establishes professional development, ICT knowledge, and technical assistance as  determinants of technology integration practices for learning in the study and looks at the value  and ability beliefs and their impact on the instructors’ decision to integrate technology into the  teaching practice. This work contributes to the generation of practical and theoretical knowledge  for designing effective technology integration in arts education practices, underscoring the  centrality of the multipronged perspectives of instructors’ belief, content, and practice knowing.  In this case, this study seeks to improve the quality of arts education and better prepare College of  Arts students for the job market of the still-growing technology focused era by raising the level of  preparedness for integrating technology into lessons of the College of Arts instructors.
The Impacts of Implementing the Information Technology to Improve the Financial Accounting Performance of PLCS
Authors: Alqudhayeb Nael Jaafar Ali , Sabti Yousif Mousa , Mahmood Aseel Hadi , Hadi Asia Hasan , Neama Abdullah Abdulmalike
Published: August 2024

The goal of this study is to focus the effect of information technology on the financial  accounting performance of Asian public listed companies. This study used secondary data for  120 companies from 2020 to 2023. The study also used OLS to test regression by using the  Stata program. The study found that there is a positive and important link among information  technologies on financial accounting performance. Information technology has become a focus  of interest for all financial and economic organizations because of its effect on their public and  private performance in overall and financial performance in specific. Its influence also  comprises several elements of accounting and financial performance. The study extended a set  of findings, the significant of which is the presence of a significant impact of information  technology on financial accounting performance indicators.
Designing an IoT platform using Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Preetam Mandal  , Dr. Hirak Sarkar  , Sagarika Kar
Published: August 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is not only a well-researched topic but also a growing industry. Although the main idea is to connect devices to the internet, there are many ways to do this since IoT systems are application-oriented. This paper presents a wireless sensor network (WSN)based IoT platform designed for wide are aapplications. The platform consists of one or more wireless sensor networks, gateways, web servers, and databases that provide a reliable connection between field sensors and Internet databases. WSN is based on the IEEE 802.15.4e Time Slot Channel Hopping (TSCH) protocol because it has the high performance. Subsequent to the system designed for many subscribers, new synchronization plans and effective transmission functions are also planned to increase network capacity and reduce energy consumption. Therefore, the platform concept can meet the needs of high-end applications and the battery life of low-end applications
INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN IN FOSTERING TOURISM SPECIALISTS' COMMUNICATIVE AND COGNITIVE ABILITIES
Authors: Rizakhojayeva  , Akeshova  , Orazali  , Alzhanova
Published: August 2024

Currently, since the tourism industry's rapid growth, there is a need to make some changes in the education programs. In particular, the focus is on the effective use of various tools and approaches that contribute to the education system in the tourism industry to increase students’communicative and cognitive skills. The authors researched 2nd-year students in the speciality "6B11101 - Tourism" for this work. This research work lasted 3 months and covered 70 students. Two groups of students were formed: a control group (receiving standard teaching methods) and an experimental group (receiving a particular teaching program to improve communicative and cognitive skills). The research’s primary goal was to improve tourism students’ communicative and cognitive skills and enhance their English language knowledge. For this reason, a unique teaching manual was created, and critical thinking strategies were used. The pre-test and post-test results were obtained during the research work, in order to realize and compare the results of the students. The methods used were recognized as effective in improving the communicative and cognitive abilities of tourism students. The teaching manual which was created during the research enables English teachers to apply it in the education programs of tourism specialists and can be used as practical work for tourism students.
ACADEMIC SUCCESS IN UNIVERSITY FROMSTUDENT'S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Abiyeva  , Khamzina  , Iskakova
Published: August 2024

The process of ensuring the quality of education for the development of each country requires the modernization of specialist training in accordance with its priorities, labor market demands, educational needs and characteristics of students, where the most relevant and decisive is the focus on students, in particular on their academic success.The purpose of the study was to monitor and analyze students' educational activities to determine its impact on academic success.The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the study and analysis of the academic success of students based on their experience in order to determine strategies for improving the activities of universities in order to improve the quality of the educational process.A quantitative method was utilized and the tool for collecting data was a questionnaire on the Qualtrix and the results were processed on the R-Studio. The empirical basis of the study was a stratified sample of 500 students from three Kazakhstani universities, which was divided into 4 groups (courses), and then respondents from each group were randomly selected for inclusion in the sample. The article presents the results of a study indicating the presence of functional differences in student experience. A review and comparative analysis revealed the following results and conclusions: the educational component of academic success varies depending on the type of educational activity; weak scientific communication involvement of students of all courses in many types of scientific activities; self-education experience is presented at a fairly average level; performing practical work for students of all courses is important, and the dominant motive is the cognitive motive, then professional, social and self-affirmation.The research results, conclusions and recommendations have practical significance, allowing teachers and university staff to use them in the educational process to improve student success.
ОҚЫТУДЫҢ КОГНИТИВТІ ТЕОРИЯСЫНА НЕГІЗДЕЛГЕН ДЕРБЕС БЕЙІМДЕП ОҚЫТУ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСЫ
Authors: Копеев  , Жилмагамбетова  , Кусманов  , Класикан
Published: August 2024

Бұл мақаладағы ғылыми зерттеу өзекті болып табылады және оқу материалын әр білім алушының жеке мүмкіндіктеріне бейімдеуге және барлық оқу курстарында оқытылатын оқу материалын түсінуге бағытталған. Ғылыми зерттеудің мақсаты – оқытудың когнитивті теориясына негізделген дербес бейімдеп оқыту технологиясын әзірлеу. Мақсатқа жету үшін қолданыстағы оқыту технологияларына шолу және салыстырмалы талдау жүргізілді. Шетелдік және отандық білім беру жүйелеріндегі білім беру технологияларын талдау арқылы дербес бейімдеп оқыту технологиясына қойылатын талаптарды анықталды. Бейімдеп оқытуды енгізу әрбір білім алушы үшін неғұрлым өзекті және күрделі мазмұнды ұсына отырып, оқытудың қажетті нәтижелеріне қысқамерзімде қол жеткізуге мүмкіндік береді. Зерттеудің әдіснамалық базасы жүйелік талдау мен білімді басқарудың әдістері мен технологияларынан тұрады. Оқытудағы когнитивтік теория әрбір білім алушыға түсіндірілетін кіріс ақпаратын түсінуі үшін жағдай жасауға мүмкіндік береді. Оқытудың когнитивті теориясына сүйене отырып, авторлар әр білім алушының ерекше қажеттіліктері мен сипаттамаларын ескере отырып, оқу процесін оңтайландыруға қабілетті инновациялық бейімделу технологиясын әзірлеуді ұсынады. Жұмыстың қорытындысыкогнитивті теория білім алушының танымдық дағдыларын дамытуға ғана емес, сонымен бірге зерттейтін ақпаратты түсінуді қамтамасыз ететін оқу процесін ұйымдастырудың белгілі бір құрылымын құруға бағытталғандығына негізделген. Зерттеу нәтижелері қазіргі білім беру тәжірибесінде оқытудың дербес бейімделу әдістерін қолдану перспективасы туралы қорытынды жасауға мүмкіндік береді. Бұл мақала оқу процесін оңтайландыруға және оның тиімділігін арттыруға мүмкіндік беретін білім беру және ақпараттық технологиялар саласының дамуына құнды үлес қосады.

Копеев Ж.Б.1, *Жилмагамбетова Р.З.2, Кусманов К.Р.3, Класикан E.4 1PhD, С. Сейфуллин атындағы Қазақ агротехникалық зерттеу университеті, Астана, Қазақстанe-mail: zhanat_kb@mail.ru*2докторант, Л.Н. Гумилев атындағы Еуразия ұлттық университеті. Астана, Қазақстанe-mail: ali_raushan@mail.ru3информатикамагистрі, Ә. МарғұланатындағыПавлодар педагогикалық университеті, Павлодар, Қазақстанe-mail: kuat-75@mail.ru4PhD, қауымдастырылған профессор, Омер Халисдемир атындағы Нийде университеті. Нийде, Турция