bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome analysis of matched primary and distant metastatic ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Sallinen H. , Janhonen S. , Pölönen P. , Niskanen H. , Liu O. H. , Kivelä A. , Hartikainen J. M. , Anttila M. , Heinäniemi M. , Ylä-Herttuala S. , Kaikkonen M. U.
Published: November 2019

Background

High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common subtype of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) with poor prognosis. In most cases EOC is widely disseminated at the time of diagnosis. Despite the optimal cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy most patients develop chemoresistance, and the 5-year overall survival being only 25–35%.

Methods

Here we analyzed the gene expression profiles of 10 primary HGSOC tumors and 10 related omental metastases using RNA sequencing and identified 100 differentially expressed genes.

Results

The differentially expressed genes were associated with decreased embryogenesis and vasculogenesis and increased cellular proliferation and organismal death. Top upstream regulators responsible for this gene signature were NR5A1, GATA4, FOXL2, TP53 and BMP7. A subset of these genes were highly expressed in the ovarian cancer among the cancer transcriptomes of The Cancer Genome Atlas. Importantly, the metastatic gene signature was suggestive of poor survival in TCGA data based on gene enrichment analysis.

Conclusion

By comparing the gene expression profiles of primary HGSOC tumors and their matched metastasis, we provide evidence that a signature of 100 genes is able to separate these two sample types and potentially predict patient survival. Our study identifies functional categories of genes and transcription factors that could play important roles in promoting metastases and serve as markers for cancer prognosis.
Perceived seriousness mediates the influence of cervical cancer knowledge on screening practices among female university students in Ghana
Authors: Annan Francis Mensah , Oppong Asante Kwaku , Kugbey Nuworza
Published: November 2019

Background

Cervical cancer knowledge and awareness, as well as an individual’s perceptions about cervical cancer have been shown to significantly influence the screening practices of female students. Despite these studies, the mechanisms linking cervical cancer knowledge to screening practices among female students remain unexplored in the literature. Thus, this study examined the direct and indirect influences of cervical cancer knowledge on screening practices through perceptions about cervical cancer as informed by the health belief model.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey design with a purposive sample of 200 female students were used in the study. Standardized questionnaires were used to measure cervical cancer knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and cervical cancer screening behaviours. The Pearson product-moment correlation co-efficient and mediation analyses were used to analyse the data.

Results

Our findings showed that cervical cancer knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness and perceived benefits were significant and positively correlated with increased screening behaviours. However, only perceived seriousness significantly mediated the relationship between cervical cancer knowledge and screening behaviour. Cervical cancer knowledge remained a significant direct predictor of screening behaviour in all the models.

Conclusion

These findings underscore the need for increased awareness with emphasis on the seriousness of cervical cancer among female university students as it plays a key role in influencing their screening behaviours.
Intra-species recombination among strains of the ampelovirus Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4
Authors: Adiputra Jati , Jarugula Sridhar , Naidu Rayapati A.
Published: November 2019

Background

Grapevine leafroll disease is one of the most economically important viral diseases affecting grape production worldwide. Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4 (GLRaV-4, genus Ampelovirus, family Closteroviridae) is one of the six GLRaV species documented in grapevines (Vitis spp.). GLRaV-4 is made up of several distinct strains that were previously considered as putative species. Currently known strains of GLRaV-4 stand apart from other GLRaV species in lacking the minor coat protein.

Methods

In this study, the complete genome sequence of three strains of GLRaV-4 from Washington State vineyards was determined using a combination of high-throughput sequencing, Sanger sequencing and RACE. The genome sequence of these three strains was compared with corresponding sequences of GLRaV-4 strains reported from other grapevine-growing regions. Phylogenetic analysis and SimPlot and Recombination Detection Program (RDP) were used to identify putative recombination events among GLRaV-4 strains.

Results

The genome size of GLRaV-4 strain 4 (isolate WAMR-4), strain 5 (isolate WASB-5) and strain 9 (isolate WALA-9) from Washington State vineyards was determined to be 13,824 nucleotides (nt), 13,820 nt, and 13,850 nt, respectively. Multiple sequence alignments showed that a 11-nt sequence (5′-GTAATCTTTTG-3′) towards 5′ terminus of the 5′ non-translated region (NTR) and a 10-nt sequence (5′-ATCCAGGACC-3′) towards 3′ end of the 3′ NTR are conserved among the currently known GLRaV-4 strains. LR-106 isolate of strain 4 and Estellat isolate of strain 6 were identified as recombinants due to putative recombination events involving divergent sequences in the ORF1a from strain 5 and strain Pr.

Conclusion

Genome-wide analyses showed for the first time that recombinantion can occur between distinct strains of GLRaV-4 resulting in the emergence of genetically stable and biologically successful chimeric viruses. Although the origin of recombinant strains of GLRaV-4 remains elusive, intra-species recombination could be playing an important role in shaping genetic diversity and evolution of the virus and modulating the biology and epidemiology of GLRaV-4 strains.
Trauma exposure and alcohol use disorder among prisoners in Jimma Zone correctional institution, Southwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yitayih Yimenu , Soboka Matiwos , Tesfaye Elias , Abera Mubarek , Mamaru Almaz , Adorjan Kristina
Published: November 2019

Objective

Trauma exposure and alcohol use are closely related, and large proportion of trauma-exposed individuals use alcohol. The data presented in this paper were obtained as part of a study on substance use disorder and associated factors among prisoners in the correctional institution in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia. Therefore, in this study we examined comorbidity of traumatic life experiences and alcohol use disorder in inmates of correctional institution in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia.

Results

The overall prevalence of lifetime alcohol use disorder was 40.1%, and the prevalence of alcohol use disorder among prisoners with lifetime trauma exposure was 44.0%. Participants with multiple trauma exposures had 2.5-fold higher odds of association for alcohol use disorder than their counterparts (AOR = 2.47 [1.23–4.94]). Living in urban areas (AOR = 4.86 [2.38–9.94]), presence of psychopathy (AOR = 3.33 [1.25–8.86]), khat abuse (AOR = 7.39 [3.99–13.68]), and nicotine dependence (AOR = 2.49 [1.16–5.34]) were also positively associated with alcohol use disorder. The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was higher among prisoners with lifetime trauma exposure. Also, this study indicates that prisoners with multiple trauma exposures had higher odds of association for alcohol use disorder than those with no trauma exposure. A public health intervention targeting survivors of traumatic experiences needs to be designed and implemented.
Targeted temperature management guided by the severity of hyperlactatemia for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a post hoc analysis of a nationwide, multicenter prospective registry
Authors:   the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (JAAM-OHCA) registry, Okazaki Tomoya , Hifumi Toru , Kawakita Kenya , Kuroda Yasuhiro
Published: November 2019

Background

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation guidelines recommend target temperature management (TTM) between 32 and 36 °C for patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but did not indicate patient-specific temperatures. The association of serum lactate concentration and neurological outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patient has been reported. The study aim was to investigate the benefit of 32–34 °C in patients with various degrees of hyperlactatemia compared to 35–36 °C.

Methods

This study was a post hoc analysis of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry between June 2014 and December 2015. Patients with complete targeted temperature management and lactate data were eligible. Patients were stratified to mild (< 7 mmol/l), moderate (< 12 mmol/l), or severe (≥ 12 mmol/l) hyperlactatemia group based on lactate concentration after return of spontaneous circulation. They were subdivided into 32–34 °C or 35–36 °C groups. The primary endpoint was an adjusted predicted probability of 30-day favorable neurological outcome, defined as a cerebral performance category score of 1 or 2.

Result

Of 435 patients, 139 had mild, 182 had moderate, and 114 had severe hyperlactatemia. One hundred and eight (78%) with mild, 128 with moderate (70%), and 83 with severe hyperlactatemia (73%) received TTM at 32–34 °C. The adjusted predicted probability of a 30-day favorable neurological outcome following severe hyperlactatemia was significantly greater with 32–34 °C (27.4%, 95% confidence interval: 22.0–32.8%) than 35–36 °C (12.4%, 95% CI 3.5–21.2%; p = 0.005). The differences in outcomes in those with mild and moderate hyperlactatemia were not significant.

Conclusions

In OHCA patients with severe hyperlactatemia, the adjusted predicted probability of 30-day favorable neurological outcome was greater with TTM at 32–34 °C than with TTM at 35–36 °C. Further evaluation is needed to determine whether TTM at 32–34 °C can improve neurological outcomes in patients with severe hyperlactatemia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Neonatal Inhibition of DNA Methylation Disrupts Testosterone-Dependent Masculinization of Neurochemical Phenotype
Authors: Cisternas Carla D , Cortes Laura R , Golynker Ilona , Castillo-Ruiz Alexandra , Forger Nancy G
Published: November 2019

Many neural sex differences are differences in the number of neurons of a particular phenotype. For example, male rodents have more calbindin-expressing neurons in the medial preoptic area (mPOA) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), and females have more neurons expressing estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and kisspeptin in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) and the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), respectively. These sex differences depend on neonatal exposure to testosterone, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. DNA methylation is important for cell phenotype differentiation throughout the developing organism. We hypothesized that testosterone causes sex differences in neurochemical phenotype via changes in DNA methylation, and tested this by inhibiting DNA methylation neonatally in male and female mice, and in females given a masculinizing dose of testosterone. Neonatal testosterone treatment masculinized calbindin, ERα and kisspeptin cell number of females at weaning. Inhibiting DNA methylation with zebularine increased calbindin cell number only in control females, thus eliminating sex differences in calbindin in the mPOA and BNST. Zebularine also reduced the sex difference in ERα cell number in the VMH, in this case by increasing ERα neuron number in males and testosterone-treated females. In contrast, the neonatal inhibition of DNA methylation had no effect on kisspeptin cell number. We conclude that testosterone normally increases the number of calbindin cells and reduces ERα cells in males through orchestrated changes in DNA methylation, contributing to, or causing, the sex differences in both cell types.
Alternative splicing coupled with transcript degradation modulates OAS1g antiviral activity
Authors: Frankiw Luke , Mann Mati , Li Guideng , Joglekar Alok , Baltimore David
Published: November 2019

At the heart of an innate immune response lies a tightly regulated gene expression program. This precise regulation is crucial because small changes can shift the balance from protective to destructive immunity. Here we identify a frequently used alternative splice site in the gene oligoadenylate synthetase 1g (Oas1g), a key component of the 2–5A antiviral system. Usage of this splice site leads to the generation of a transcript subject to decay, and removal of the site leads to increased expression of Oas1g and an improved antiviral response. However, removal of the splice site also leads to an increase in apoptotic cell death, suggesting this splicing event exists as a compromise between the pathogen protective benefits and collateral damage associated with OAS1g activity. Across the innate immune response, we show that a multitude of alternative splicing events predicted to lead to decay exist, and thus have the potential to play a significant role in the regulation of gene expression in innate immunity.
Non-communicable diseases in the Western Area District, Sierra Leone, following the Ebola outbreak
Authors: Koroma Ibrahim Baimba , Javadi Dena , Hann Katrina , Harries Anthony D , Smart Francis , Samba Thomas
Published: November 2019

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. During infectious disease outbreaks, such as the Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa from 2014-2015, the health system is often strained, and diagnosis, management and care of NCDs may be compromised. This study assessed numbers and distribution of NCDs in all health facilities in the Western-Area District, Sierra Leone, in the post-Ebola period (June–December 2015) comparing findings with the pre-Ebola (June–December 2013) and Ebola outbreak (June–December 2014) periods.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from routine records of aggregate monthly NCD reports. Data were analysed using Open EPI and comparisons were made between the post-Ebola and pre-Ebola/Ebola periods using the chi-square test.

Results: There were 10,011 people reported with NCDs during the three six-month periods, with 6194 (62%) presenting at peripheral health units (PHU). Reported NCDs decreased during Ebola and increased post-Ebola, but did not recover to pre-Ebola levels. Hypertension cases remained fairly constant throughout being mainly managed at PHU. Numbers with diabetes mellitus generally stayed the same except for a significant post-Ebola increase in tertiary hospitals. Small numbers were reported with mental health disorders across all facilities in all time periods.

Conclusion: NCD reporting is recovering in the immediate post-Ebola period. Decentralization of NCD care is welcome and is an effective strategy for management as evidenced by hypertension. To be successful, this must be supported by strengthening other elements of the health system such as training of health workers, robust information and referral systems and reliable medicine supply chains.
SITUAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DOS CONSELHOS MUNICIPAIS DE RIACHÃO DO JACUÍPE/BA: ESPAÇOS DE PARTICIPAÇÃO POPULAR NA GESTÃO PÚBLICA?
Authors: Silva Adriana Carneiro
Published: November 2019

As transformações que se averiguaram na conjuntura sociopolítica do mundo permitiram que a posição tradicional do Estado fosse afetada, e mais ainda, a sua relação com a sociedade. Com a consolidação da cidadania o Estado teveque adequar sua forma de atuação. Nessa perspectiva, o interesse deste estudo baseia-se nas discussões da introdução da sociedade nas veias do Estado, sendo proposto, por conseguinte, o levantamento de uma abordagem que permite provocar reflexões e compreender aspectos que transcorrem o exercício das possibilidades de participação popular na gestão pública. Logo, o objeto central foi analisar a realidade dos Conselhos Municipais de Riachão de Jacuípe, até o ano de 2016, como espaços de abertura à participação popular na gestão pública. Para tanto, foi feita uma pesquisa no município, levantando o desenho institucional dos Conselhos e como eles têm atuado na sociedade.
EDUCAÇÃO ANTIRRACISTA E CIBERATIVISMO: EXPERIÊNCIA DE COLETIVOS DE MULHERES NEGRAS CRESPAS E CACHEADAS NO FACEBOOK E EM SALVADOR/BA
Authors: Lopes Dailza Araújo , Figueiredo Angela
Published: November 2019

O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever a forma que coletivos de mulheres negras crespas e cacheadas, tem desenvolvido e fortalecido a educação antirracista através do ciberativismo, como uma nova forma de mobilização política e participação social. Para tanto, procede-se a metodologia de Análise de Discurso, nos seguintes grupos do Facebook: Coletivo Vício Cacheado, Coletivo de Cacheadas e Crespas de Salvador e Coletivo da Marcha do Empoderamento Crespo – MEC, acrescendo-se a observação participante nos eventos realizados por esses coletivos na cidade de Salvador/BA. Resulta-se a observância de que mulheres negras usam as redes sociais, Facebook, como espaço de mobilização e incentivo à aceitação dos cabelos crespos/naturais, emdiálogo com o empoderamento feminino, como forma de combate ao racismo, fomentando ações e estratégias para construção de políticas públicas que favoreçam a melhorias das condições objetivas e subjetivas para a população negra.
Specific features of triiodothyronin reception under 131I incorporation
Authors: Nikolayeva L. A. , Danilova L. I. , Kholodova Ye. A.
Published: November 2019

Effects of incorporated 131I in combination with intake of fodder contaminated with 134,137CS on triiodothyronin reception by peripheral blood lymphocytes in rats aged 2 and 6 months were examined. Incorporation of 131I was found to cause specific binding of the hormone, particularly marked in young animals.
Time course of the cellular and humoral immunity parameters in patients with type I diabetes mellitus
Authors: Potyomkin V. V. , Nikonova T. V. , Brykova S. V.
Published: November 2019

Fifty-two patients with type I diabetes mellitus were examined. The patients were divided into 4 groups with various duration of the disease: group 1 included patients with the newly diagnosed disease, group 2 those with disease standing of 1 to 5 years, group 3 were patients suffering from diabetes for 6 to 10 years, and group 4 were diabetics for 10 years and more. The parameters examined were antibodies to surface antigens of islet cells, absolute and relative counts of T and В lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, counts of T-helpers and T-suppressors and cytotoxic cells and their ratios, counts of natural killers, DR (+) and IgG (+) cells, and basal C- peptide level. The results showed a correlation between autoantibodies to surface antigens of islet cells and the count of В lymphocytes, an inversion of T lymphocyte subpopulations, with the helper/sup- pressor index increased at the initial stages of the disease and decreasing with the disease progress.
Guidelines for patients with thyroid diseases (A lecture)
Authors: Gherasimov G. A. , Chernova T. O.
Published: November 2019

We continue to discuss problems regarding patients with thyroid disease. Hypothyroidism is a disease that develops due to a decrease in the function of the thyroid gland, which cannot produce the amount of hormones necessary for the body. If little hormone enters the bloodstream, the saturation of the body with thyroid hormones is significantly reduced and, accordingly, all metabolic processes slow down. Screening for newborns for hypothyroidism means that every newborn is screened for his disease. In the past, treatment of newborns with hypothyroidism only began a few months after birth. Many of these children later had problems with studying at school or they were a little awkward, which could have been prevented if treatment had been started at an earlier time. Unfortunately, in our country there is no such system for screening newborns with all the ensuing consequences.To screen hypothyroidism in all newborns, a drop of blood is taken on filter paper. Subsequently, the level of TSH is determined in this blood sample. If it is elevated (and this is the main laboratory symptom of hypothyroidism), then the children are examined again more carefully, and with the confirmation of the diagnosis, they are prescribed treatment with thyroxine.
Effects of hypothalamic mediator systems on the hormonal changes in rabbit blood during prolonged electric stimulation of emotiogenic zones of the hypothalamus
Authors: Nikolayev V. I. , Gornushkina Ye. Yu. , Nikolayeva A. A.
Published: November 2019

Changes in the blood hormonal levels were studied In 36 rabbits with electrodes implanted to the area of the dorsomedial nuclei of the hypothalamus in the course of a 5-cycle electrostimulation experiment. After each period blood hormonal levels were correlated to the activities of the hypothalamic catecholamino-, GABA-, and serotoninergic systems. The first two cycles of the experiment were associated with a high activity of the hypothalamic mediator systems and with increased levels of all hormones in the blood. The functional activity of the hypothalamus was reduced due to the predominance of stress-limiting systems. The initial reduction of GABA, and then of serotonin in the hypothalamus caused be the end of experiment a reduction of the blood levels of the tested hormones, except the Ca-regulating ones and active renin. Disturbances in the regulatory mechanisms of hypothalamic mediator systems leads to an increase in its excitability and to transformation of the adaptive pattern of hormonal changes into pathological mechanisms of prolonged emotional stress.
TRANSIÇÃO DEMOGRÁFICA, TRANSIÇÃO EPIDEMIOLÓGICA E ENVELHECIMENTO POPULACIONAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Oliveira Anderson Silva
Published: November 2019

Transição Demográfica, Transição Epidemiológica e Envelhecimento Populacional são processos interligados e produzem impactos significativos na sociedade. A mudança do comportamento demográfico, apresentando diferentes etapas, encontra-se atualmente na fase em que a fecundidade é reduzida a níveis mínimos, impactando na queda da participação do grupo das crianças na população, ao passo que a redução da mortalidade e a elevação da expectativa de vida, contribuem para o aumento do peso do grupo dos idosos. A medida que mais pessoas alcançam idades mais elevadas, ocorre a mudança do padrão de doenças que atingem a maior parte da população e que são as principais causas de mortes. Com mais idosos, as doenças típicas do envelhecimento assumem a liderança das enfermidades que mais acometem a população e que ocasionam a maior parte das mortes. Com a redução do grupo das crianças e a elevação sustentada do grupo dos idosos ocorre a intensificação do envelhecimento populacional, processo que provoca profundas transformações nos indivíduos, nas famílias e na sociedade como um todo e que exige uma total adaptação das políticas públicas para atender com qualidade ao cidadão com mais de 60 anos.
Lowering the latency of data processing pipelines through FPGA based hardware acceleration
Authors: Owaida Muhsen , Alonso Gustavo , Fogliarini Laura , Hock-Koon Anthony , Melet Pierre-Etienne
Published: November 2019

Web search engines often involve a complex pipeline of processing stages including computing, scoring, and ranking potential answers plus returning the sorted results. The latency of such pipelines can be improved by minimizing data movement, making stages faster, and merging stages. The throughput is determined by the stage with the smallest capacity and it can be improved by allocating enough parallel resources to each stage. In this paper we explore the possibility of employing hardware acceleration (an FPGA) as a way to improve the overall performance when computing answers to search queries. With a real use case as a baseline and motivation, we focus on accelerating the scoring function implemented as a decision tree ensemble, a common approach to scoring and classification in search systems. Our solution uses a novel decision tree ensemble implementation on an FPGA to: 1) increase the number of entries that can be scored per unit of time, and 2) provide a compact implementation that can be combined with previous stages. The resulting system, tested in Amazon F1 instances, significantly improves the quality of the search results and improves performance by two orders of magnitude over the existing CPU based solution.
Two Fragments from a Single Tablet?
Authors: Burlingame Andrew , Pardee Dennis
Published: November 2019

This article presents material, palaeographic, and epistolographic arguments in support of the hypothesis that two epistolary fragments recovered at the site of Raʾs Šamra in 1954—RS 18.286[A] and RS 18.[400]—originally belonged to a single tablet. Similar data suggest that the fragment RS 18.286[B], long thought to belong to the same tablet as RS 18.286[A], cannot in fact be accepted to have originated from this tablet. The reconfiguration of these fragments results in new interpretive possibilities and leads us to believe that the tablet of which RS 18.286[A] and RS 18.[400] comprise two parts originally bore a message from the queen to her son—the only such letter in our possession and hence a potentially important addition to our knowledge of Ugaritic epistolary protocol within the royal family.
Optimal bandwidth selection for recursive Gumbel kernel density estimators
Authors: Slaoui Yousri
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we propose a data driven bandwidth selection of the recursive Gumbel kernel estimators of a probability density function based on a stochastic approximation algorithm. The choice of the bandwidth selection approaches is investigated by a second generation plug-in method. Convergence properties of the proposed recursive Gumbel kernel estimators are established. The uniform strong consistency of the proposed recursive Gumbel kernel estimators is derived. The new recursive Gumbel kernel estimators are compared to the non-recursive Gumbel kernel estimator and the performance of the two estimators are illustrated via simulations as well as a real application.
Existence, location, possession, and copula in Malabar Indo-Portuguese
Authors: Krajinović Ana
Published: November 2019

This paper offers a diachronic and a contact-based analysis of existential, locative, possessive, and copulative constructions in Malabar Indo-Portuguese creole (MIP). The existential, locative, and possessive predicates are all expressed with the copulative verbtæ, and nominal and property-denoting predicates can either have the copulatæor zero copula. I analyze these copulative constructions by establishing their sources in the Portuguese lexifier and Malayalam substrate/adstrate. I show that although the Portuguese verbster‘have’ andestar‘be’ have paved the way to the semantics oftæ, Malayalam had a strong impact on the morphosyntax and semantics of existential, locative, possessive, and copulative constructions in MIP. This influence is most notable in the case of possessives, which take dative subjects. These findings are compared to the relevant structures in other South Asian languages and show that the existence of locative possession is a strong areal feature of South Asia. I also show that the variability of copula usage in nominal and property-denoting predicates can be explained by variable input from Portuguese and Malayalam copulative constructions. One of the most salient features influenced by Malayalam is the choice of what are etymologically Portuguese nouns instead of adjectives in property-denoting predicates.
Syllable structure and stratification in Bangla
Authors: Kar Somdev , Truckenbrodt Hubert
Published: November 2019

This study attempts to analyse the permissible syllable structures and the aspiration and voicing of word-initial and word-final segments in the syllable structure of Bangla. A corpus study leads to a detailed analysis of Bangla syllable structure restrictions, relative to the three traditional strata of the Bangla lexicon, namely, Native Bangla (NB, Tadbhava), Sanskrit borrowings (SB, Tatsama and Ardha-Tatsama), and other borrowings (OB, Deshi and Bideshi), following Ito and Mester’s work on the Japanese lexicon. Complex codas are allowed only in OB. Complex onsets are ruled out in NB while they have the maximal form s+C+liquid in SB and OB. There is no onset maximisation: Medial clusters in all strata avoid complex onsets if a consonant can be syllabified into the preceding coda (Vp.lV rather than V.plV). Aspiration is banned from the coda in NB but not generally in SB and OB, where restrictions that are more complex obtain. Obstruent voicing contrasts are present in onset and coda, but voicing agreement is enforced in obstruent clusters. Analyses of these restrictions are presented in Optimality Theory: the different strata of the lexicon may have different phonologies, i. e. different constraint ranking.
Ultrastrong coupling in single plexcitonic nanocubes
Authors: Xiong Xiao , You Jia-Bin , Bai Ping , Png Ching Eng , Zhou Zhang-Kai , Wu Lin
Published: November 2019

Light-matter strong coupling is defined when the coupling strength exceeds the losses in the system, whereas ultrastrong coupling is not simply strong coupling with even larger coupling strength. Instead, ultrastrong coupling regime arises when the coupling strength is comparable to the transition frequency in the system. At present, ultrastrong light-matter interactions have been achieved in superconducting circuits, semiconductor polaritons, and organic molecules, where these systems are typically at the micrometer scale. In this work, we investigated ultrastrong coupling in a nanoparticle plexcitonic system, i.e. a single gold nanocube coated with quantum emitters and positioned on a gold film. We observed a normalized coupling rate η ~ 0.12 to the antenna mode in such coated nanocube-on-mirror (c-NCoM) configuration at the multilayer emitter level. In contrast to the gap mode that squeezes all the optical fields into the gap region, the antenna mode in c-NCoM provides multiple exterior hot spots at the upper corners of the nanocube, which can be exploited for qubit entanglement within a single nanocube. The concurrence between adjacent emitters is estimated up to 0.6. This theoretical study establishes a promising route toward building a scalable quantum network using single plexcitonic nanocubes as quantum nodes.
A review on sources and health impacts of bisphenol A
Authors: Abraham Anna , Chakraborty Paromita
Published: November 2019

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical used in the manufacturing of polycarbonates and epoxy resins. This paper is a review of studies reporting the occurrences and concentrations of BPA in the environment and associated impact on human health. Studies have found that at high temperature conditions such as open burning of dumped waste in developing nations can relocate BPA from plastic waste into the environment. BPA is a proven endocrine disruptor capable of mimicking or blocking the receptors and altering hormone concentrations and its metabolism. Even though it is consumed in a low dose, it can stimulate cellular responses and affect body functions. Biomonitoring studies show that human and animal exposure to BPA is rapid and continuous. In-depth studies are needed to understand the fate of these compounds particularly in the developing nations and the associated adverse health impacts of BPA due to prolonged exposure.
Utilisation of appropriately treated wastewater for some further beneficial purposes: a review of the disinfection method of treated wastewater using UV radiation technology
Authors: Zewde Abraham Amenay , Li Zifu , Zhang Lingling , Odey Emanuel Alepu , Xiaoqin Zhou
Published: November 2019

Due to world population growth, global climate change and the deteriorated quality of water, water supply struggles to keep up the clean water demand to meet human needs. Ultraviolet (UV) technology holds a great potential in advancing water and wastewater treatment to improve the efficiency of safe treatment. Over the last 20 years, the UV light disinfection industry has shown a tremendous growth. Therefore, reuse of wastewater contributes significantly to an efficient and sustainable water usage. Disinfection is a requirement for wastewater reuse due to the presence of a swarm of pathogens (e.g. bacteria, viruses, worms and protozoa) in secondary effluents. UV technology is widely favoured due to its environmentally friendly, chemical-free ability to provide high-log reductions of all known microorganisms, including chlorine-resistant strains such as Cryptosporidium. The UV disinfection process does not create disinfection by-products and unlike the chlorine UV disinfection process, it is not reliant on water temperature and pH. UV disinfection can eliminate the need to generate, handle, transport or store toxic/hazardous or corrosive chemicals and requires less space than other methods. As UV does not leave any residual effect that can be harmful to humans or aquatic life, it is safer for plant operators.
Temporary Visual Deprivation Causes Decorrelation of Spatiotemporal Population Responses in Adult Mouse Auditory Cortex
Authors: Solarana Krystyna , Liu Ji , Bowen Zac , Lee Hey-Kyoung , Kanold Patrick O.
Published: November 2019

Although within-modality sensory plasticity is limited to early developmental periods, cross-modal plasticity can occur even in adults.In vivoelectrophysiological studies have shown that transient visual deprivation (dark exposure, DE) in adult mice improves the frequency selectivity and discrimination of neurons in thalamorecipient layer 4 (L4) of primary auditory cortex (A1). Since sound information is processed hierarchically in A1 by populations of neurons, we investigated whether DE alters network activity in A1 L4 and layer 2/3 (L2/3). We examined neuronal populations in both L4 and L2/3 usingin vivotwo-photon calcium (Ca2+) imaging of transgenic mice expressing GCaMP6s. We find that one week of DE in adult mice increased the sound evoked responses and frequency selectivity of both L4 and L2/3 neurons. Moreover, after DE the frequency representation changed with L4 and L2/3 showing a reduced representation of cells with best frequencies (BFs) between 8 and 16 kHz and an increased representation of cells with BFs above 32 kHz. Cells in L4 and L2/3 showed decreased pairwise signal correlations (SCs) consistent with sharper tuning curves. The decreases in SCs were larger in L4 than in L2/3. The decreased pairwise correlations indicate a sparsification of A1 responses to tonal stimuli. Thus, cross-modal experience in adults can both alter the sound-evoked responses of A1 neurons and change activity correlations within A1 potentially enhancing the encoding of auditory stimuli.
I. Р. Корольов: Національна кооперативна комунікативна поведінка: від когніції до дискурсу: монографiя.
Authors: Likhachiova Alla
Published: November 2019

Киев: ВПЦ „Киевский университет“, 2018, 519 с. ISBN 978-966-439-985-9.
Early-Life Predictors of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Kalberg Wendy O. , May Philip A. , Buckley David , Hasken Julie M. , Marais Anna-Susan , De Vries Marlene M. , Bezuidenhout Heidre , Manning Melanie A. , Robinson Luther K. , Adam Margaret P. , Hoyme Derek B. , Parry Charles D.H. , Seedat Soraya , Elliott Amy J. , Hoyme H. Eugene
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) comprise the continuum of disabilities associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. Although infancy remains the most effective time for initiation of intervention services, current diagnostic schemes demonstrate the greatest confidence, accuracy, and reliability in school-aged children. Our aims for the current study were to identify growth, dysmorphology, and neurodevelopmental features in infants that were most predictive of FASD at age 5, thereby improving the timeliness of diagnoses.

METHODS:

A cohort of pregnant South African women attending primary health care clinics or giving birth in provincial hospitals was enrolled in the project. Children were followed longitudinally from birth to 60 months to determine their physical and developmental trajectories (N = 155). Standardized protocols were used to assess growth, dysmorphology, and development at 6 weeks and at 9, 18, 42, and 60 months. A structured maternal interview, including estimation of prenatal alcohol intake, was administered at 42 or 60 months.

RESULTS:

Growth restriction and total dysmorphology scores differentiated among children with and without FASD as early as 9 months (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.777; P < .001; 95% confidence interval: 0.705–0.849), although children who were severely affected could be identified earlier. Assessment of developmental milestones revealed significant developmental differences emerging among children with and without FASD between 18 and 42 months. Mothers of children with FASD were significantly smaller, with lower BMIs and higher alcohol intake during pregnancy, than mothers of children without FASD.

CONCLUSIONS:

Assessment of a combination of growth, dysmorphology, and neurobehavioral characteristics allows for accurate identification of most children with FASD as early as 9 to 18 months.
Musculoskeletal Pain, Physical Function, and Quality of Life After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Bout-Tabaku Sharon , Gupta Resmi , Jenkins Todd M. , Ryder Justin R. , Baughcum Amy E. , Jackson Rebecca D. , Inge Thomas H. , Dixon John B. , Helmrath Michael A. , Courcoulas Anita P. , Mitchell James E. , Harmon Carroll M. , Xie Changchun , Michalsky Marc P. ,   TEEN-LABS CONSORTIUM
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the longitudinal effects of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) on the prevalence of musculoskeletal and lower extremity (LE) pain, physical function, and health-related quality of life.

METHODS:

The Teen Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery study (NCT00474318) prospectively collected data on 242 adolescents undergoing MBS at 5 centers over a 3-year follow-up. Joint pain and physical function outcomes were assessed by using the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index, Impact of Weight on Quality of Life – Kids, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey. Adolescents with Blount disease (n = 9) were excluded.

RESULTS:

Prevalent musculoskeletal and LE pain were reduced by 40% within 12 months and persisted over 3 years. Adjusted models revealed a 6% lower odds of having musculoskeletal pain (odds ratio = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.92–0.99) and a 10% lower odds of having LE pain (odds ratio = 0.90, 95% confidence interval: 0.86–0.95) per 10% reduction of BMI. The prevalence of poor physical function (Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index score >0) declined from 49% to <20% at 6 months (P < .05), Physical comfort and the physical component scores, measured by the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life – Kids and the Short Form 36 Health Survey, improved at 6 months postsurgery and beyond (P < .01). Poor physical function predicted persistent joint pain after MBS.

CONCLUSIONS:

Joint pain, impaired physical function, and impaired health-related quality of life significantly improve after MBS. These benefits in patient-reported outcomes support the use of MBS in adolescents with severe obesity and musculoskeletal pain and suggest that MBS in adolescence may reverse and reduce multiple risk factors for future joint disease.
Public service as a social lift to regional elites: qualitative sociology dimension
Authors: Крашевська Є. В. , Ратушна Т. О. , Кудінов І. О.
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis of subjective assessments of regional elite representatives(public servants) regarding their own social role, place and significance in society, and their assessmentof the public service performance efficiency as a social lift. It was used a qualitative methodology toanalyze opinion of regional elite representatives concerning the civil service efficiency as a social lift.Such methodology is focused on meanings and senses, their creation and design features in the process ofsocial communication, which allows to bypass formalized and socially approved responses of informantsand to discover the actual state of affairs in the population. Research data were obtained during in-depth,focused interviews with public service representatives of various ranks and departments of Zaporizhzhiaoblast in April-May 2017.According to the results of the research, it was determined that public servants, as subjects/actors ofstate decision making processes, can influence on society within the framework of regional competences,which gives them certain privileges and signs of elitism at the regional level. At the same time, it wasdetermined that the public service institute operates as a social elevator for regional elites with certainlimitations – to a certain level – since the movement process is provided not only by the personal qualitiesof individuals, but also by their political preferences, the breadth of social ties, membership in certaininfluential groups. This feature leads to the fact that the personal advancements of public servants turninto jump-free mode and do not depend on their abilities, professionalism and potential. Therefore, entryinto the regional elite is not a resulted through an «idle» social lift, but through the usage of additionalchannels of social mobility.
Differential equations of motion in matrix form of multibody systems driven by electric motors
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Quang , Vuong Vu Duc
Published: November 2019

This paper presents the dynamic model of multibody systems driven by electric motors, the so-called electromechanical systems. The mechanical systems considered in this study include an open loop and/or a closed loop, a full-actuated and an under-actuated one. The dynamic model of this electromechanical systems is established in matrix form by applying the Lagrangian equation with and without multipliers and substructure method. With this approach it is easy to obtain the differential equation of motion of the electro-mechanical systems based on the corresponding differential equations of the purely available mechanical system. These obtained equations describe the electromechanical systems in engineering better in case the systems are purely described by mechanical equations. The differential equations of serial and parallel manipulators, slider-crank mechanism, and overhead crane driven by electric motors are established as illustrated examples. In addition, a simplified dynamic model obtained by neglecting of current variation is also validated by numerical simulations.
Modelo para evaluar la pertinencia social en la oferta académica de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
Authors: Vergel Ortega Mawency
Published: November 2019

La investigación se encuentra enmarcada dentro del enfoque cuantitativo y modalidad de Proyecto Factible, se realizó en la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Departamento Norte de Santander (Colombia) con poblaciones de empresarios, estudiantes de educación media, egresados y representantes de clústeres de diferentes sectores de la región. El objetivo fundamental de la investigación es diseñar una propuesta de modelo para evaluar la pertinencia social en los programas académicos ofertados en la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander (UFPS). La importancia radica en la necesidad de crear un modelo que vincule características, necesidades de grupos de interés, percepciones, soportado estadísticamente, que determine interacciones de factores intervinientes, explique tipos de innovación requerida por el sector productivo de la región y de respuesta a necesidades de integrantes de la sociedad Nortesantandereana. La recolección de información se realizó mediante encuestas, entrevistas semiestructuradas, panel, DOFA matemático, utilizando seis sigma. La selección de indicadores incluye vinculación de índices de sistemas en el ámbito nacional e internacional, análisis multivariado y jerárquico, componentes principales. La creación del modelo siguió diferentes fases como resultado del análisis de la información e incluye diagnósticos, mediciones, análisis, mejora, seguimiento y control, contiene además modelos para analizar proyecciones de población para apoyo en la toma de decisiones. Para el análisis e interpretación de la información se utilizaron herramientas de diagramación, estudios de capacidad, análisis multivariado, se realizó análisis siguiendo modelo de Rash a través de Teoría de Respuesta al Item, diseño de experimentos y empleando la triangulación como elemento que conlleva a obtener múltiples miradas del problema de investigación. La propuesta de modelo espera sustentar el papel y misión social de la UFPS al ofertar el conocimiento que produce, al compartir y socializar en el sistema de innovación, en la formación de capital humano para la sociedad y empresas de la región. El modelo se validó a través del análisis estructural.
Sobolev Convergence of Empirical Bernstein Copulas
Authors: SAEKAOW Sundusit , TASENA Santi
Published: November 2019

In this work, we prove that Bernstein estimator always converges to the true copula under Sobolev distances. The rate of convergences is provided in case the true copula has bounded second order derivatives. Simulation study has also been done for Clayton copulas. We then use this estimator to estimate measures of complete dependence for weather data. The result suggests a nonlinear relationship between the dust density in Chiang Mai, Thailand and the temperature and the humidity level.
Manufacturing and Characterisation of Robot Assisted Microplasma Multilayer Coating of Titanium Implants
Authors: Alontseva D. , Ghassemieh E. , Voinarovych S. , Kyslytsia O. , Polovetskyi Y. , Prokhorenkova N. , Kadyroldina A.
Published: November 2019

This study focuses on new technologies for the production of medical implants using a combination of robotics and microplasma coatings. This involves robot assisted microplasma spraying (MPS) of a multilayer surface structure on a biomedical implant. The robot motion design provides a consistent and customised plasma coating operation. Based on the analytical model results, certain spraying modes were chosen to form the optimised composition and structure of the titanium/hydroxyapatite (HA) multilayer coatings. It is desirable that the Ti coated lower layer offer a dense layer to provide the implant with suitable structural integrity and the Ti porous layer and HA top layer present biocompatible layers which are suitable for implant and tissue integration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyse the structure of the coatings. The new robot assisted MPS technique resulting from this research provides a promising solution for medical implant technology.
Gambusia holbrooki (Sivrisinek balığı)’nin Türkiye’deki Dağılımına Katkılar
Authors: KURTUL İrmak , SARI Hasan M.
Published: November 2019

Bu çalışmada, dünyanın en istilacı 100 canlı türünden birisi olduğu ifade edilen ve özellikle endemik balık türlerinin varlığı açısından risk oluşturan sivrisinek balığı, Gambusia holbrooki türünün Türkiye’deki dağılımına katkılar sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma süresince Türkiye’nin 6 farklı coğrafik bölgesinde bulunan su kaynakları arasından toplam 130 lokalitede çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda 39’u lotik, 28’i lentik su kaynağı olmak üzere toplam 67 lokalitede G. holbrooki türünün varlığı tespit edilmiştir.
MULTİTRAVMALI HASTADA BRONŞ RÜPTÜRÜ : OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: AKIN Süleyman Emre , ARAS Necip Fazıl
Published: November 2019

Bronş rüptürü künt ve penetran toraks travması
sonrası nadir olarak görülen, erken teşhis edilip uygun cerrahi tedavi
yapılmadığında ölümcül olabilen bir durumdur. Yüksekten düşme sonrası bronş rüptürü
tespit edilerek cerrahi  tedavi  uygulanan olgumuzu nadir görülmesi nedeni ile
sunmayı amaçladık
Plasmid Cloning by PCR v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: November 2019

This protocol describes plasmid cloning by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). To see the full abstract and additional resources, please visit the Addgene protocol page.