bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Factors Affecting the Intention to Invest in a P2P Lending Platform
Authors: Leckė Gintarė , Milašiūtė Gabrielė , Šeškevičiūtė Akvilė
Published: November 2022

The digitalisation of the financial system and the rapid growth of new financial technologies arecontributing not only to the change of the financial system, but also to the change of the way people makefinancial decisions. The development of financial technologies has led to the emergence of new financialservices and products, such as P2P lending. With the growth P2P lending market, the scientific literaturepays more and more attention to the analysis of investment intentions through P2P lending platforms and theassessment of the factors affecting the intention to invest (Dja’akum, 2019; Fiorentino et al., 2020; Khan etal., 2021Yang ir Lee, 2016; Poeteri, et al., 2021). It should be noted that, although the interest of researchersin this field is growing, the research in the European context is not sufficient, which reveals the relevance ofthis study. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess the factors that affect the intention to invest throughP2P lending platforms in Lithuania.A theoretical review of the scientific literature revealed that previous empirical studies have categorised thefactors of the intention to invest through peer-to-peer lending platforms into individual and platform factors.Individual factors are understood as risk appetite, perceived risk, financial literacy, while platform factors areunderstood as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust. Attitude toward behaviour can be seen asboth an individual and a platform factor. Other factors, such as relative advantage, compatibility, complexity,perceived behaviour control are also distinguished in the scientific literature, but are not considered in theanalysis of the intention to invest through peer-to-peer lending platforms.Research data was collected through an online survey. The survey questionnaire was distributed onlinebetween February and April 2022. The survey sample consisted of 211 respondents. The conceptual researchmodel was developed using a Modified Technological Acceptance (TAM) model, which was performed usingthe Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method.The SEM analysis revealed that the intention to invest through P2P lending platforms was indirectly influenced by the trust of the P2P lending platform, perceived risk and risk appetite factors. The indirect impactwas through attitude toward P2P lending platforms factor, which had a strong and significant positive impacton the intention to invest through P2P lending platforms. The effect of perceived usefulness and perceivedease of use on Lithuanian investors‘ attitudes towards P2P lending platforms was not statistically significant,and therefore no statistically significant effect of these factors on the intention to invest through P2P lendingplatforms was found.
Effects of exogenous bacterial quorum-sensing signal molecule/messenger N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C-HSL) on acorn germination and plant growth of Quercus robur and Q. rubra (Fagaceae)
Authors:   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Kosakivska I.V. , Vasyuk V.A. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Voytenko L.V. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Shcherbatiuk M.M. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Babenko L.M. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine, Romanenko K.O. ,   M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2 Tereshchenkivska Str., Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
Published: November 2022

The effect of pre-sowing priming with N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) solution (300 mg/L) on acorn germination and morpho-phenological characteristics of Quercus robur and Q. rubra was studied under laboratory conditions. After priming, 93.4% of Q. robur acorns germinated that exceeded the control by 32.2%, while the number of sprouted acorns of Q. rubra increased within error limits by 5% more than the control and amounted to 90%. According to morphological characteristics, the 47-day-old plants of Q. robur were divided into the following groups: germinated acorns, sprouts and seedlings with juvenile leaves, whereas among the plants of Q. rubra, sprouts and seedlings with true leaves were selected. A group of plants with juvenile leaves was detected only in the samples primed with C6-HSL. Priming induced differential changes in cotyledon biomass of both species and accelerated nutrient utilization by Q. robur seedlings. We observed a positive effect on the growth and biomass accumulation of Q. robur plants and a negative effect, except for plants of the third group, on those of Q. rubra. The dry weight of seedling roots of Q. robur and shoots of Q. rubra increased, respectively, by 103% and 153%. Priming of acorns with C6-HSL solution induced an increase in number, length, biomass and total area of leaves. These changes were more pronounced in Q. rubra seedlings. Alterations in the root system architecture towards formation of numerous additional lateral roots were recorded for both species. Thus, priming with C6-HSL solution activated acorn germination and stimulated growth of Q. robur plants and decelerated growth of plants of Q. rubra. Exogenous C6-HSL did not eliminate the syndrome of unfriendly seedlings of both studied oak species, but improved the viability of acorns and increased the number of seedlings.
Про точність наближеного розв’язку задачі
Authors: Задірака Валерій Костянтинович , Швідченко Інна Віталіївна
Published: November 2022

У статті розглянуто питання якості наближеного розв’язку задачі, комплексний підхід до оцінки точності (повна похибка обчислювального алгоритму), а також оптимальні за точністю обчислювальні алгоритми. Наведено випадки доцільності їх застосування.
Унікальні іменні кристали України природного походження
Authors: Павлишин Володимир Іванович , Чернієнко Наталія Миколаївна , Оспіщева-Павлишин Марія Андріївна
Published: November 2022

У статті стисло висвітлено мінералогію двох найпопулярніших в Україні коштовних каменів — топазу і берилу. Вони зародилися в камерних пегматитах Волині й добре репрезентовані в Музеї коштовного і декоративного каміння в смт Хорошів Житомирської області. Описано експоновані в цьому музеї іменні кристали топазу і берилу.
Urbanización subalterna en tiempos de pandemia. Asentamientos informales en Chile
Authors: Zenteno Torres Elizabeth , Muñoz Salazar Patricia , Rosso Ávila Beatriz
Published: November 2022

La permanencia de asentamientos informales en Latinoamérica es reflejo de las insuficientes políticas públicas y de mercados incapaces de proveer oferta habitacional para grupos pobres de la sociedad, pero también es manifestación del pulso de pobladores por gestionar alternativas de vivienda. Este artículo describe los primeros impactos de la emergencia sanitaria por COVID-19 en materia habitacional, a partir del ejemplo de la consolidación del campamento Altos de Placilla Nuevo (Valparaíso, Chile). A través de una metodología mixta y participativa, se profundizó en las decisiones para el traslado al campamento, el proceso de autoconstrucción y las experiencias del habitar. Se concluye que, si bien la pandemia fue un factor acelerante que expuso la vulnerabilidad de familias de bajos recursos, habitar el campamento permitió mejorar sus condiciones de vida, tanto en un contexto de abandono como de incertidumbre.
Triple espacialidad en la participación ciudadana no institucionalizada: nuevas agendas de cambio social en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Durán Gustavo , Barros Katia , Martinez Sindy , Gonzalez Victoria
Published: November 2022

Ante la crisis de nuestros sistemas democráticos, expresada en distintos colapsos económicos, ambientales y sociales, y más recientemente en las consecuencias socioeconómicas en torno al manejo de la crisis sanitaria generada por el COVID-19, América Latina es hoy un escenario político que ha redefinido la forma como se despliega la participación ciudadana. Tomando como caso de estudio lo sucedido en la ciudad de Cali a partir de las (re)configuraciones socioespaciales, provocadas por el Paro Nacional de Colombia del año 2021, se analizará el papel que juega el espacio en todo este proceso de cambio. El argumento central consiste en la identificación de tres espacialidades que operan en torno a esa nueva forma de participación ciudadana no institucionalizada: el espacio barrial de las organizaciones sociales, el espacio virtual de las redes sociales y el espacio urbano de las grandes movilizaciones. Revisaremos cómo se ha dado esa articulación (triple) del espacio y la emergencia de nuevos actores urbanos/políticos, además de su enorme capacidad transformadora.
El meme como ágora digital del lenguaje político contemporáneo. El caso del movimiento 21N y 11S en Colombia
Authors: Castiblanco Roldán Andrés Fernando , Wilches Tinjacá Jaime Andrés
Published: November 2022

El 21 de noviembre de 2019 (21N), Colombia vivió una de las protestas sociales más impactantes de su historia. . La efervescencia de la movilización fue neutralizada por el aislamiento social generado por la Covid-19 y desafiada el 11 de septiembre de 2020 (11S), tras el asesinato de un ciudadano por excesos de la fuerza policial. No obstante, la sociedad civil resistió a las medidas coercitivas de la pandemia y la violencia estatal, con la viralización de memes como expresión sintética, hiperbólica e irónica de la realidad. En esta dirección, el objetivo del artículo, es analizar cómo los memes desde los planos icónico, semántico y humorístico, catalizan la comprensión  de las protestas sociales y movilizan una tendencia global a reforzar las críticas al poder político y económico, desde el activismo digital. Se trabaja la metodología del análisis multimodal en con un corpus de 201 memes. Los resultados evidencian cómo el meme transforma un mensaje instantáneo, en prácticas discursivas que critican la acción o inercia de  instituciones estatales y privadas. En conclusión, se propone que si bien los memes no son garantía de una transformación de la realidad, sí revitalizan  movilizaciones sociales tradicionales que buscan empatía social desde la  esfera pública.
O ensino religioso na educação integral
Authors: Brasil Taciana
Published: November 2022

No Brasil, os princípios da educação integral têm se tornado um paradigma para as políticas educacionais e práticas escolares. Todos os conteúdos devem colaborar para que esse princípio seja levado a efeito. Existe, porém, um desafio em particular: o ensino religioso. Este conteúdo historicamente foi utilizado com interesses políticos para imposição da religião hegemônica. Porém, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular lhe confere uma nova possibilidade, em que é utilizado para reforçar a diversidade e a liberdade religiosa. Através de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, este artigo discute possibilidades para a colaboração deste novo modelo de ensino religioso em um contexto de educação integral.
“O que o burguês faz lamentando... o fascista faz sorrindo”
Authors: Carnut Leonardo
Published: November 2022

Este estudo realiza uma revisão crítica ensaiando dialeticamente a relação entre o capital internacional, o neofascismo e suas repercussões no Brasil, em geral, e na saúde pública, em particular. Neste sentido, este estudo está dividido em três seções. A primeira seção trata do papel da crise do capital como gatilho do fascismo na tradição marxista. A segunda seção aborda como o neofascismo emerge como resposta à dinâmica capitalista na fase neoliberal do capitalismo. E a terceira seção apresenta algumas relações entre a burguesia associada e seus interesses em desfinanciar o Sistema Único de Saúde e aproveitar a pandemia da Covid-19 para encampar o projeto genocida governamental.
Challenges of sustainable agricultural development with special regard to Internet of Things: Survey
Authors: Neményi Miklós , Kovács Attila J. , Oláh Judit , Popp József , Erdei Edina , Harsányi Endre , Ambrus Bálint , Teschner Gergely , Nyéki Anikó
Published: November 2022

If we want to increase the efficiency of precision technologies to create sustainable agriculture, we need to put developments and their application on a new footing; moreover, a general paradigm shift is needed. There is a need to rethink close-at-hand and far-off innovation concepts to further develop precision agriculture, from both an agricultural, landscape, and natural ecosystem sustainability perspective. With this, unnecessary or misdirected developments and innovation chains can be largely avoided. The efficiency of the agrotechnology and the accuracy of yield prediction can be ensured by continuously re-planning during the growing season according to changing conditions (e.g., meteorological) and growing dataset. The aim of the paper is to develop a comprehensive, thought-provoking picture of the potential application of new technologies that can be used in agriculture, primarily in precision technology-based arable field crop production, which emphasizes the importance of continuous analysis and optimisation between the production unit and its environment. It should also be noted that the new system contributes to reconciling agricultural productivity and environmental integrity. The study also presents research results that in many respects bring fundamental changes in technical and technological development in field production. The authors believe that treating the subsystems of agriculture, landscape, and natural ecosystem (ALNE) as an integrated unit will create a new academic interdisciplinarity. ICT, emphasizing WSN (Wireless Sensor Network), remote sensing, cloud computing, AI (Artificial Intelligence), economics, sociology, ethics, and the cooperation with young students in education can play a significant role in research. This study treats these disciplines according to sustainability criteria. The goal is to help management fulfil the most important expectation of reducing the vulnerability of the natural ecosystem. The authors believe that this article may be one of the starting points for a new interdisciplinarity, ALNE.
Structure–mechanics relationship of hybrid polyvinyl alcohol-collagen composite by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Zhou Junbo , Qin Zhao
Published: November 2022

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a water-soluble synthetic polymer that can be used to make hydrogels for biomedical applications as well as biodegradable bags and films; however, compared to other plastics currently used for containers, it lacks mechanical strength, thermal stability, and can easily absorb water from humid environments. Although mechanical improvement has been observed by blending PVA with collagen in a hybrid hydrogel, there is a lack of fundamental understanding of the molecular mechanism, and it is not clear whether the improvement is limited to a hydrated state. Here, using classical molecular dynamics simulations based on fully atomistic models, we develop the equilibrated molecular structure of PVA with collagen and characterize its mechanics. We show that by interacting with a collagen molecule, PVA is equilibrated to a more ordered structure with each residue interacting with the near neighbors by forming more hydrogen bonds locally, making the structure stiffer than pure PVA. The structure shows higher thermal stability before melting, as well as higher rigidity in water. Our results provide the mechanism of the mechanical advantages of hybrid PVA-collagen polymer. The study demonstrates that the structure and mechanics of a synthetic polymer can be tuned by a tiny amount of a natural polymer at the molecular interface. Moreover, it may shed light on identifying a way to improve the mechanics of biodegradable polymer materials without adding much cost, which is crucial for environmental safety.

Impact statement

Blending natural and synthetic polymers (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol [PVA] and collagen in a hybrid hydrogel) has shown advantages in polymer mechanics, but there is a lack of fundamental understanding. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on fully atomistic models, we develop the equilibrated structure of the PVA with collagen and characterize its mechanics. We show that by interacting with a collagen molecule, PVA is equilibrated to a more ordered structure with each residue interacting with the near neighbors by forming more H-bonds locally and the structure is stiffer than pure PVA. Moreover, the structure shows a higher thermal stability before the melting point of PVA, as well as higher rigidity in water. Our results demonstrate that the structure and mechanics of a synthetic polymer can be tuned by a tiny amount of a natural polymer at the molecular interface. It provides the mechanism of the mechanical advantages as experimentally observed. This study paves the way for the multiscale modeling and mechanical design of the hybrid polymer material. It sheds light on identifying a way to improve the mechanics of biodegradable materials without adding much cost for both material functionality and environmental safety.

Graphical abstract
A novel approach on designing ultrahigh burnup metallic TWR fuels: Upsetting the current technological limits
Authors: Feng Linna , Xu Yuwen , Qiu Jie , Liu Xiang , Wen Chunyang , Qian Zhengyu , Liu Wenbo , Yan Wei , Li Yanfen , Wang Zhaohao , Zheng Shilun , Guo Shaoqiang , Shi Tan , Lu Chenyang , Gou Junli , Li Liangxing , Shan Jianqiang , Stubbins James F. , Gu Long , Yun Di
Published: November 2022

The grand challenge of “net-zero carbon” emission calls for technological breakthroughs in energy production. The traveling wave reactor (TWR) is designed to provide economical and safe nuclear power and solve imminent problems, including limited uranium resources and radiotoxicity burdens from back-end fuel reprocessing/disposal. However, qualification of fuels and materials for TWR remains challenging and it sets an “end of the road” mark on the route of R&D of this technology. In this article, a novel approach is proposed to maneuver reactor operations and utilize high-temperature transients to mitigate the challenges raised by envisioned TWR service environment. Annular U-50Zr fuel and oxidation dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels are proposed to be used instead of the current U-10Zr and HT-9 ferritic/martensitic steels. In addition, irradiation-accelerated transport of Mn and Cr to the cladding surface to form a protective oxide layer as a self-repairing mechanism was discovered and is believed capable of mitigating long-term corrosion. This work represents an attempt to disruptively overcome current technological limits in the TWR fuels.

Impact statement

After the Fukushima accident in 2011, the entire nuclear industry calls for a major technological breakthrough that addresses the following three fundamental issues: (1) Reducing spent nuclear fuel reprocessing demands, (2) reducing the probability of a severe accident, and (3) reducing the energy production cost per kilowatt-hour. An inherently safe and ultralong life fast neutron reactor fuel form can be such one stone that kills the three birds. In light of the recent development findings on U-50Zr fuels, we hereby propose a disruptive, conceptual metallic fuel design that can serve the following purposes at the same time: (1) Reaching ultrahigh burnup of above 40% FIMA, (2) possessing strong inherent safety features, and (3) extending current limits on fast neutron irradiation dose to be far beyond 200 dpa. We believe that this technology will be able to bring about revolutionary changes to the nuclear industry by significantly lowering the operational costs as well as improving the reactor system safety to a large extent.

Graphical abstract
Melón Jiménez, Miguel Ángel, España en la Guerra de los Siete Años. La campaña de Portugal y el Ejército de Prevención (1761-1764), Madrid, Sílex, 2022, 757p. ISBN: 978-84-18388-50-7. 28€
Authors: González-Enciso Agustín
Published: November 2022

Book Review
Barciela Villanueva, Jenaro, Desde mi objetivo. Imágenes de un tiempo de guerra, ed. Carlos Barciela López, Alicante, Publicacions de la Universidad d´Alacant, 2021, 185p. ISBN: 978-84-9717-742-9. 12€
Authors: Ipiña-Bidaurrazaga Aritz
Published: November 2022

Book Review
Caliò, Tommaso (ed.), Santi in posa. L’influsso della fotografia sull’immaginario religioso, Roma, Viella, 2019, 457p. ISBN: 9788833131634. 39,90€
Authors: Rina-Simón César
Published: November 2022

Book Review
Anisotropic Constant-roll \(k\)-inflation Model
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Duy , Pham Manh Tuyen , Le Duc Thien , Do Quoc Tuan
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we would like to figure out whether a {\it k}-inflation model admits the Bianchi type I metric as its inflationary solution under a constant-roll condition in the presence of the supergravity motivated coupling between scalar and vector fields, \(f^2(\phi)F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}\). As a result, some novel anisotropic inflationary solutions are shown to appear along with a power-law one in this scenario. Furthermore, these solutions are numerically confirmed to be attractive, in contrast to the prediction of the Hawking's cosmic no-hair conjecture.
Regulation of Continuum Harmonic Generation by Using Near-infrared Chirped Pulses
Authors: Le Cam-Tu , Phan Ngoc-Loan , Vu DinhDuy , Ngo Cong , Le Van-Hoang
Published: November 2022

It has been known that the broadband of continuum harmonics, a regular periodicity or a wide smooth range, is essential for generating attosecond pulses. However, the high-order rescatterings of electrons (HOR) can significantly affect this important part of high-order harmonic spectra. In the present work, we apply the method suggested in our previous studies to limit the HOR effect on the continuum harmonics by using up-chirped pulses with frequency increasing in time to regulate the high-order harmonic generation of an asymmetric molecule such as CO subjected to a near-infrared laser. To do so, we numerically calculate the high-order harmonic spectra using the time-dependent wave functions obtained within the framework of the single-active electron approximation. To analyze and regulate the HOR effect, we use the time-frequency analysis together with the kinetic energy maps obtained from the equation of electron motion in the laser electric field. These techniques reveal the high-order harmonic dynamics, especially the effect of chirped pulse on the manifestation of continuum harmonics. Based on this, we release the notice on choosing appropriate parameters to obtain the optimal continuum range of harmonics. Although the detailed analysis is given for the CO molecule, the method suggested is applicable for other polar molecules.
Reception of the writings of Martyrius-Sahdona in several confessions
Authors: Maxim (Sudakov) Hierodeacon
Published: November 2022

The article deals the problem of reception in several confessions of the writings of the ascetic writer and bishop of the Church of the East Martyrius-Sahdona (o. ~650). The question about his confessional orientation is not clear now. There are saved a few manuscripts with his writings in syriac (the date of the earliest is 837), as well as in arabic (one manuscript of 1492) and georgian translations (a few manuscripts, the date of the earliest is 925). Analysis of the manuscript tradition of his writings permited to establish that the literary tradition, on which drew the writer and which was the base of his ascetical teaching, became essential factor of reception of his writings by orthodox in the most extent, while the other confessions saved only small fragments of these. The determination of causes of the popularity of the writings of Martyrius-Sahdona in several confessions is contribution in solution of the question of his confession, which is unclarified aspect of the biography of this church doer and representant of the East Syrian ascetic literature.
Estado da Arte de pesquisas sobre a Educação em Cosmologia
Authors: Gonçalves Paula Cristina da Silva , Horvath Jorge Ernesto , Bretones Paulo Sergio
Published: November 2022

Resumo Apresenta-se o Estado da Arte de teses, dissertações, artigos e atas de eventos sobre Educação em Cosmologia. Recupera-se e analisa-se 199 trabalhos nas bases consultadas, distribuídos em um período de aproximadamente 40 anos. As pesquisas foram classificadas de acordo com Ano, Tipo de publicação, Conteúdos de Cosmologia, Foco Temático Educacional e Nível Educacional abordado. Os resultados mostram que a maior parte das investigações se dedica ao Ensino Médio, explana questões sobre Relatividade Geral, Gravitação e outros desenvolvimentos relacionados, como a Relatividade Restrita e a Origem do Universo. O Foco Temático Educacional mais incidente é Conteúdo e Método, ou seja, pesquisas relacionadas aos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de determinados conteúdos. Lacunas são indicadas com a pretensão de contribuir com o desenvolvimento da área.
Classification of Malware by Using Structural Entropy on Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Gibert Daniel , Mateu Carles , Planes Jordi , Vicens Ramon
Published: November 2022

The number of malicious programs has grown both in number and in sophistication. Analyzing the malicious intent of vast amounts of data requires huge resources and thus, effective categorization of malware is required. In this paper, the content of a malicious program is represented as an entropy stream, where each value describes the amount of entropy of a small chunk of code in a specific location of the file. Wavelet transforms are then applied to this entropy signal to describe the variation in the entropic energy. Motivated by the visual similarity between streams of entropy of malicious software belonging to the same family, we propose a file agnostic deep learning approach for categorization of malware. Our method exploits the fact that most variants are generated by using common obfuscation techniques and that compression and encryption algorithms retain some properties present in the original code. This allows us to find discriminative patterns that almost all variants in a family share. Our method has been evaluated using the data provided by Microsoft for the BigData Innovators Gathering Anti-Malware Prediction Challenge, and achieved promising results in comparison with the State of the Art.
A Water Demand Prediction Model for Central Indiana
Authors: Shah Setu , Hosseini Mahmood , Ben Miled Zina , Shafer Rebecca , Berube Steve
Published: November 2022

Due to the limited natural water resources and the increase in population, managing water consumption is becoming an increasingly important subject worldwide. In this paper, we present and compare different machine learning models that are able to predict water demand for Central Indiana. The models are developed for two different time scales: daily and monthly. The input features for the proposed model include weather conditions (temperature, rainfall, snow), social features (holiday, median income), date (day of the year, month), and operational features (number of customers, previous water demand levels). The importance of these input features as accurate predictors is investigated. The results show that daily and monthly models based on recurrent neural networks produced the best results with an average error in prediction of 1.69% and 2.29%, respectively for 2016. These models achieve a high accuracy with a limited set of input features.
Table-to-Text: Describing Table Region With Natural Language
Authors: Bao Junwei , Tang Duyu , Duan Nan , Yan Zhao , Lv Yuanhua , Zhou Ming , Zhao Tiejun
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we present a generative model to generate a natural language sentence describing a table region, e.g., a row. The model maps a row from a table to a continuous vector and then generates a natural language sentence by leveraging the semantics of a table. To deal with rare words appearing in a table, we develop a flexible copying mechanism that selectively replicates contents from the table in the output sequence. Extensive experiments demonstrate the accuracy of the model and the power of the copying mechanism. On two synthetic datasets, WIKIBIO and SIMPLEQUESTIONS, our model improves the current state-of-the-art BLEU-4 score from 34.70 to 40.26 and from 33.32 to 39.12, respectively. Furthermore, we introduce an open-domain dataset WIKITABLETEXT including 13,318 explanatory sentences for 4,962 tables. Our model achieves a BLEU-4 score of 38.23, which outperforms template based and language model based approaches.
Order-Planning Neural Text Generation From Structured Data
Authors: Sha Lei , Mou Lili , Liu Tianyu , Poupart Pascal , Li Sujian , Chang Baobao , Sui Zhifang
Published: November 2022

Generating texts from structured data (e.g., a table) is important for various natural language processing tasks such as question answering and dialog systems. In recent studies, researchers use neural language models and encoder-decoder frameworks for table-to-text generation. However, these neural network-based approaches typically do not model the order of content during text generation. When a human writes a summary based on a given table, he or she would probably consider the content order before wording. In this paper, we propose an order-planning text generation model, where order information is explicitly captured by link-based attention. Then a self-adaptive gate combines the link-based attention with traditional content-based attention. We conducted experiments on the WikiBio dataset and achieve higher performance than previous methods in terms of BLEU, ROUGE, and NIST scores; we also performed ablation tests to analyze each component of our model.
A Deep Generative Framework for Paraphrase Generation
Authors: Gupta Ankush , Agarwal Arvind , Singh Prawaan , Rai Piyush
Published: November 2022

Paraphrase generation is an important problem in NLP, especially in question answering, information retrieval, information extraction, conversation systems, to name a few. In this paper, we address the problem of generating paraphrases automatically. Our proposed method is based on a combination of deep generative models (VAE) with sequence-to-sequence models (LSTM) to generate paraphrases, given an input sentence. Traditional VAEs when combined with recurrent neural networks can generate free text but they are not suitable for paraphrase generation for a given sentence. We address this problem by conditioning the both, encoder and decoder sides of VAE, on the original sentence, so that it can generate the given sentence's paraphrases. Unlike most existing models, our model is simple, modular and can generate multiple paraphrases, for a given sentence. Quantitative evaluation of the proposed method on a benchmark paraphrase dataset demonstrates its efficacy, and its performance improvement over the state-of-the-art methods by a significant margin, whereas qualitative human evaluation indicate that the generated paraphrases are well-formed, grammatically correct, and are relevant to the input sentence. Furthermore, we evaluate our method on a newly released question paraphrase dataset, and establish a new baseline for future research.
Long Text Generation via Adversarial Training with Leaked Information
Authors: Guo Jiaxian , Lu Sidi , Cai Han , Zhang Weinan , Yu Yong , Wang Jun
Published: November 2022

Automatically generating coherent and semantically meaningful text has many applications in machine translation, dialogue systems, image captioning, etc. Recently, by combining with policy gradient, Generative Adversarial Nets(GAN) that use a discriminative model to guide the training of the generative model as a reinforcement learning policy has shown promising results in text generation. However, the scalar guiding signal is only available after the entire text has been generated and lacks intermediate information about text structure during the generative process. As such, it limits its success when the length of the generated text samples is long (more than 20 words). In this paper, we propose a new framework, called LeakGAN, to address the problem for long text generation. We allow the discriminative net to leak its own high-level extracted features to the generative net to further help the guidance. The generator incorporates such informative signals into all generation steps through an additional MANAGER module, which takes the extracted features of current generated words and outputs a latent vector to guide the WORKER module for next-word generation.Our extensive experiments on synthetic data and various real-world tasks with Turing test demonstrate that LeakGAN is highly effective in long text generation and also improves the performance in short text generation scenarios. More importantly, without any supervision, LeakGAN would be able to implicitly learn sentence structures only through the interaction between MANAGER and WORKER.
Improving Language Modelling with Noise Contrastive Estimation
Authors: Liza Farhana Ferdousi , Grzes Marek
Published: November 2022

Neural language models do not scale well when the vocabulary is large. Noise contrastive estimation (NCE) is a sampling-based method that allows for fast learning with large vocabularies. Although NCE has shown promising performance in neural machine translation, its full potential has not been demonstrated in the language modelling literature. A sufficient investigation of the hyperparameters in the NCE-based neural language models was clearly missing. In this paper, we showed that NCE can be a very successful approach in neural language modelling when the hyperparameters of a neural network are tuned appropriately. We introduced the `search-then-converge' learning rate schedule for NCE and designed a heuristic that specifies how to use this schedule. The impact of the other important hyperparameters, such as the dropout rate and the weight initialisation range, was also demonstrated. Using a popular benchmark, we showed that appropriate tuning of NCE in neural language models outperforms the state-of-the-art single-model methods based on standard dropout and the standard LSTM recurrent neural networks.
CoChat: Enabling Bot and Human Collaboration for Task Completion
Authors: Luo Xufang , Lin Zijia , Wang Yunhong , Nie Zaiqing
Published: November 2022

Chatbots have drawn significant attention of late in both industry and academia. For most task completion bots in the industry, human intervention is the only means of avoiding mistakes in complex real-world cases. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no existing research work modeling the collaboration between task completion bots and human workers. In this paper, we introduce CoChat, a dialog management framework to enable effective collaboration between bots and human workers. In CoChat, human workers can introduce new actions at any time to handle previously unseen cases. We propose a memory-enhanced hierarchical RNN (MemHRNN) to handle the one-shot learning challenges caused by instantly introducing new actions in CoChat. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets well demonstrate that CoChat can relieve most of the human workers’ workload, and get better user satisfaction rates comparing to other state-of-the-art frameworks.
StarSpace: Embed All The Things!
Authors: Wu Ledell , Fisch Adam , Chopra Sumit , Adams Keith , Bordes Antoine , Weston Jason
Published: November 2022

We present StarSpace, a general-purpose neural embedding model that can solve a wide variety of problems: labeling tasks such as text classification,ranking tasks such as information retrieval/web search,collaborative filtering-based  or content-based recommendation,embedding of multi-relational graphs, and learning word, sentence or document level embeddings.In each case the model works by embedding those entities comprised of discrete features and comparing them against each other -- learning similarities dependent on the task.Empirical results on a number of tasks show that StarSpace is highly competitive with existing methods, whilst also being generally applicable to new cases where those methods are not.
Attention-based Belief or Disbelief Feature Extraction for Dependency Parsing
Authors: Peng Haoyuan , Liu Lu , Zhou Yi , Zhou Junying , Zheng Xiaoqing
Published: November 2022

Existing neural dependency parsers usually encode each word in a sentence with bi-directional LSTMs, and estimate the score of an arc from the LSTM representations of the head and the modifier, possibly missing relevant context information for the arc being considered. In this study, we propose a neural feature extraction method that learns to extract arc-specific features. We apply a neural network-based attention method to collect evidences for and against each possible head-modifier pair, with which our model computes certainty scores of belief and disbelief, and determines the final arc score by subtracting the score of disbelief from the one of belief. By explicitly introducing two kinds of evidences, the arc candidates can compete against each other based on more relevant information, especially for the cases where they share the same head or modifier. It makes possible to better discriminate two or more competing arcs by presenting their rivals (disbelief evidence). Experiments on various datasets show that our arc-specific feature extraction mechanism significantly improves the performance of bi-directional LSTM-based models by explicitly modeling long-distance dependencies. For both English and Chinese, the proposed model achieve a higher accuracy on dependency parsing task than most existing neural attention-based models.
Polysaccharide Elicitors Affect the Yield, Polysaccharide Synthase and Antibacterial Activity of Intracellular Polysaccharides from Submerged Culture of Cordyceps milifaris (Ascomycetes)
Authors: Ding Kai , Wang Yongxia , Han Chunchao
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to increase the yield of Cordyceps militaris intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) by adding elicitors. By comparing the effects of different elicitors on the IPS yield, three polysaccharide elicitors with significant promoting effect were screened out: Tween 80, pH, and vitamin B6 (VB6). We combined these elicitors and optimized the composition of the complex elicitor using response surface methodology to further improve the yield of IPS. The highest percentage of increased yield was 82.52 ± 0.48% obtained at a Tween concentration of 0.41% (w/v), pH of 4.98, and VB6 concentration of 0.17 mg/mL. Simultaneously, the mechanism of promoting high yield of IPS was preliminarily discussed. The complex elicitor may promote the synthesis of IPS by influencing the activity of polysaccharide synthase. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was evaluated. The addition of the complex elicitor increased the antibacterial activity of IPS. Therefore, our findings will lead the way for large scale industrial fermentations and commercial uses of IPS from C. militaris as antibacterial constituents.
MORPHOLOGY, OPTICAL, AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF Sm DOPED TeO2 NANO CRYSTALLINE POWDERS
Authors: Adimule Vinayak , Yallur Basappa C. , Batakurki Sheetal R. , Laxminarayana Parashuram
Published: November 2022

In the present research work, Smx (x = 1, 5, and 10 wt.%) doped TeO2 nanostructures (NS) synthesized by the simple chemical precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-(UV)-visible optical absorption studies. X-ray diffraction pattern analysis indicated tetragonal phase and spherical shaped agglomerated morphology observed as Sm concentration increases in the crystal lattice. The UV-visible absorption spectra shift toward longer wavelength and an extension of the wavelength to the visible region for all the concentration of Smx:TeO2 NS as compared to the undoped NS. Photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectroscopy measurements carried out for all concentrations of Smx:TeO2 NS. Smx:TeO2 (x = 10 wt%) displayed strong orange emission (4G5/2 6H7/2) when excited at 325 nm (λexcitation = 325 nm). The intense orange peak that appeared at 380 and 410 nm corresponds to 4F5 configuration of Sm3+ ions in TeO2 host NS. PL efficiency depends on higher separation of electron-hole pairs, a greater number of defects, and larger oxygen vacancies in the Smx:TeO2 NS. The energy transfer from TeO2 to Sm3+ ions are verified, and the relevant mechanism is discussed. Such materials find applications in the white light emission diodes and solid lasers.
Honorific (mis)matches in allocutive languages with a focus on Japanese
Authors: Kaur Gurmeet , Yamada Akitaka
Published: November 2022

This paper examines honorific mismatches between the allocutive marker and a 2P pronoun within a clause in Japanese. Unlike allocutive languages such as Tamil, Punjabi, Magahi, among others, which require obligatory matching in honorificity (and phi-features) between the allocutive marker and a 2P pronoun in a clause, Japanese allows the honorific allocutive marker to also occur with a non-honorific 2P pronoun. These mismatching structures can be interpreted both literally and sarcastically. We provide a two-step analysis to explain such mismatches: first, we claim that 2P pronouns in Japanese are lexical items, which cannot participate in syntactic binding to inherit their honorific features from a left-peripheral honorific head (e.g., c). Instead, they enter syntax with pre-specified honorific information. Allocutive markers, by contrast, obtain their honorificity in syntax, typically via agreement. Consequently, nothing in syntax forces matching between 2P pronouns and allocutive markers. Secondly, mismatching instances are also not ruled out in the pragmatic component because the meanings encoded by the 2P pronouns and the allocutive marker in Japanese are not comparable, and contribute independently to the meaning of the entire sentence. The honorific information encoded in pronouns is the speaker’s positive/negative attitude towards the addressee based on his/her evaluation of the addressee, while the allocutive marker encodes the speaker’s intent to be polite, irrespective of the evaluation of the addressee, who may even remain unidentified. It is possible for these two meanings to be expressed simultaneously in select conversational set-ups, leading to felicitous mismatching structures in the language.
Estrategias Latinoamericanas para la vacunación contra el virus del papiloma humano – una revisión temática
Authors: Salazar Fajardo Lida Janneth , Benavides Delgado Mónica Rocío , Boogaard Sabine , Marín Yolanda
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Conocer las estrategias para asumir la vacunación contra el virus del papiloma humano en América Latina a partir de una revisión temática internacional, para encontrar experiencias que contribuyan a mantener resultados satisfactorios en Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión de literatura internacional en español, inglés y portugués sobre el estado de implementación y éxito del programa de vacunación en América Latina en bases de datos: Medline, Embase y Cochrane, portales de Organización Mundial y Panamericana de la Salud, páginas web de entes rectores y sitios electrónicos especializados en control del cáncer. Resultados: Se revisaron 97 referencias. En la región, diez países incorporaron dosis de la vacuna en sus esquemas para niñas entre 9 y 13 años; realizan diversas estrategias a corto plazo para mantener sus tasas de cobertura; siendo la articulación de los sectores salud-educación, el reconocimiento del contexto y la obligatoriedad las más exitosas. Conclusión: La situación en otros países en la implementación de la vacunación contra el VPH, muestra que la alianza entre salud, educación y comunicación es clave para mantener resultados satisfactorios. Educar y sensibilizar puede mantener la articulación con la comunidad. La aceptación o rechazo de la vacunación, depende del grado de información de la población; por tanto, es útil la consulta con profesionales de la salud y la aplicación de consentimiento informado para reducir la incertidumbre.
Sobrecarga y experiencia de cuidadores familiares de personas diagnosticadas con esquizofrenia, una mirada desde la enfermería
Authors: Amanda Mera Gladys , Cardona José Mauricio , Benítez Jenny Alexandra , Delgado Gustavo Andrés , Urbano Benítez Wilder , Villalba Julián Andrés
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Caracterizar al cuidador familiar de la persona diagnosticada con esquizofrenia con previo ingreso en tercer nivel de hospitalización, a fin de contextualizarlo disciplinarmente, en el marco de las políticas vigentes de la salud pública. Materiales y métodos: Estudio con alcance descriptivo, diseño de método mixto y estrategia secuencial explicatoria, con una secuencia cuantitativa-cualitativa. La muestra fue seleccionada a conveniencia, conformada por 16 cuidadores familiares a quienes se les realizó la Encuesta de caracterización sociodemográfica, ocupacional y el Test de Zarit. Resultados: La mayoría son madres (50%), que han limitado en ocasiones su desarrollo integral para desarrollar su rol de cuidador, existe relación en cuanto a la edad de los cuidadores familiares (40-60 años, variable más frecuente con un 56,25%) y la presencia del cansancio con el que estos cursan (37,5% de la población presentan sobrecarga intensa, el 37,5% ausencia de sobrecarga y el 25% de la población sobrecarga ligera). Los relatos demuestran mayores vulnerabilidades en cuidadores. Conclusiones: El análisis de los resultados en el contexto de la salud pública vigente, corrobora la necesidad del abordaje de la dimensión salud mental y convivencia social con enfoque poblacional, permitiendo comprender mejor la vulnerabilidad del cuidador familiar de personas diagnosticadas con esquizofrenia. Constructos, lenguajes, herramientas y diagnósticos enfermeros, logran una total confluencia con las directrices de enfoques y modelos de la salud pública en Colombia, una manera eficaz en enfermeros para liderar la gestión asumiendo los retos en salud mental desde la atención primaria en salud.
Efecto programa de apoyo social: percepción de cuidadoras familiares de personas mayores afrocolombianas en Guapi, Cauca
Authors: Maluche Sánchez Alexandra , Velásquez G Vilma Florisa
Published: November 2022

Introducción: En la actualidad temas como la vejez, discapacidad y poblaciones vulnerables son relevantes y demandan programas de apoyo social. Objetivo: Describir el efecto de un programa de apoyo social para cuidadoras familiares de personas mayores afrocolombianas con discapacidad en Guapi-Cauca. Metodología: Cuantitativa de tipo cuasi-experimental, sin grupo control, con preprueba y posprueba. Muestra intencional de 50 cuidadoras familiares afrocolombianas. El programa de apoyo social, culturalmente congruente, fue aplicado por la enfermera investigadora y dos lideresas de la comunidad. Información recolectada con cuestionario MOS-Apoyo social, procesado y analizado con métodos descriptivos y prueba de rango signado de Wilcoxon. Consideró aspectos éticos. Resultados: En su mayoría las mujeres cumplen el rol de cuidadoras familiares (95%) especialmente las hijas (49%), que dedican más de 8 horas al cuidado del familiar (35%), las personas mayores presentan dependencia severa (60%), moderada (36%) y leve (4%). Predominan familias nucleares con personas mayores (66%) y extensa modificada (34%). El programa indicó efectos estadísticamente significativos de apoyo social global y por dimensiones a las cuidadoras familiares (Valor-p < 0,001). Conclusión: El programa de apoyo social abordado desde la perspectiva cultural es una oportunidad para cocrear diversidad terapéutica con mediación entre saberes populares y profesionales y mostró efectos estadísticamente significativos sobre el apoyo social global (Valor-p < 0,001) y por dimensiones en las cuidadoras familiares (Valor-p < 0,001).