bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blast Vibration Response of Tunnel Influenced by Confining Pressure and Surrounding Rock Type
Authors: Tao Tie Jun , Xie Chun Ming , Chi En An , Zhao Ming Sheng
Published: February 2014

Based on the finite element model of the tunnel, dynamic response of tunnel is studied influenced by different confining pressure and different surrounding rock types under of blasting vibration under blast vibration load. The results show that when the confining pressure increases, the maximum horizontal and vertical vibration velocity, stress and displacement increase, and the horizontal vibration amplitudes are less than the vertical vibration amplitudes. With the decreasing of the rock type, the vertical vibration velocity peak value increases, and vertical direction vibration velocity is more sensitive for the rock stress state. With the increase of depth of surrounding rock, the confining pressure increases, and the vertical velocity response signal of surrounding rock increases, and the response signal is more sensitive to the change of stress of surrounding rock compared with the horizontal vibration velocity peak.
Numerical Simulation of Frame Structure Blasting Demolition under Explosive Loading
Authors: Xie Chun Ming , Tao Tie Jun , Chi En An , Yang Jun , Zhao Ming Sheng
Published: February 2014

In order to further improve the accuracy of the numerical simulation technology in buildings blasting demolition, numerical simulations on seven-story frame structure blasting demolition process were carried out adopting separate common node reinforced concrete model, and two simulation methods between the concrete elements on cut site directly removed and the concrete elements on cut site reserved with explosive loading applied instead were comparative analyzed. Simulation result indicates that, separate common node model can reflect mechanical properties difference of concrete and reinforcement through analysis on their loading process. There would be an upward impact force on the structure at the moment of detonating when the concrete elements on cut site were reserved with explosive loading applied instead, and it made the whole structure collapsed process extend about 0.5 s and structure touchdown vibration increase about 2.39 times. It had a negative impact on blasting vibration control, so the applied explosive blasting on cut site become a factor to be considered on the numerical simulation of structure blasting demolition. Studies suggest that the applied explosive blasting on the numerical simulation of structure blasting demolition can simulate the collapse process of building blasting demolition more real and will be an better aided design of structure blasting, and it has important engineering practical value.
The through Arch Rib Road Bridge Numerical Simulation of Blasting Demolition
Authors: Chi En An , Xie Chun Ming , Zhao Ming Sheng , Yang Jun , Tao Tie Jun
Published: February 2014

In order to ensure one through arch rib road bridge blasting demolition will go well, using separate common node reinforced concrete model, numerical simulate the process of bridge collapsed and disintegrate, at the same time, analyze the stress state of steel and concrete unit in detail. The simulation results show that separate common node model could reflect the mechanical properties difference of steel and concrete materials; destruction of the support part of bridge and joint parts reserved , meanwhile, blasting treatment of the joint parts of derrick and arches, also arch center derrick and deck beams, arch springing hinge inside pier reserved on the left, it can ensure the bridge collapsed and broken fully, and can reduce the stack height of bridge collapsed in the river. The research considers that researching on structure collapse process by numerical simulation method not only reappear the process of collapse, but also forecast collapse result in schematic design phase. It will become the important means of study the structure mechanics process of blasting demolition and guide assisted the design of structure blasting demolition, which has important engineering practical value.
City Landscape Effects on the Sports Architectural Design
Authors: Chen Xiao Jie
Published: February 2014

Human is a product of nature, and nature is the basis of human itself survival, human existence and continuation of life depend on the gift from nature supplies: at the same time, nature can only be incorporated into the life of people, to become a real life elements of human. Construction activity is a creative work of human conquest of nature, transform nature, no doubt has obvious utilitarian purposes, but also must be both aesthetic and spiritual temperament. The city landscape system as a function of complex ecological system structure, has been extensive tied with the architectures.
Green Olympics Concept and Repeated Use of Landscape Materials
Authors: Chen Xiao Jie
Published: February 2014

Green Olympics is to put environmental protection as the first consideration in the planning and construction of Olympic facilities, strict environmental standards and system security system: widely used in environmental protection technology and means, the large-scale multi range to promote environmental governance, forestation and environmental protection industry development; enhance the environmental awareness of the whole society, to encourage the public to consciously choose green consumption, actively participate in various environmental improvement activities, greatly improve the environmental quality of the capital, the construction of livable city.
Dynamic Finite Element Analysis for Tapered Roller Bearings
Authors: Liu Hong Bin , Zhang Lei , Shi Yong Sheng
Published: February 2014

Based on the finite element method of explicit dynamics and contact dynamics mechanics, a three dimensional solid finite element model was developed introducing physical elements for tapered roller bearing. The dynamic process numerical simulation of tapered roller bearing was carried out in ABAQUS. The vibration curves of the nodes on roller were drew. The changes of contact stress and contact stress distribution of rings, rollers and the cage in the process were analyzed. The results show it is basically consistent with the actual movement of rolling bearings.
Analysis and Design of Simulation System for Passive Acoustic Senor Network
Authors: Li Jun Hua , Quan Hong Wei , Xue Xiu Yin
Published: February 2014

The simulation system for passive acoustic sensor network is an important part of information fusion system. Its main function is to simulate the detection process of acoustic sensor network and produce the simulation data which is needed for testing and evaluating the target tracking algorithms. For implementation of simulation system, the target motion model and the measurement model of passive acoustic sensor must be built, and a scenario will be defined in advance when it is running. This paper discussed the passive acoustic sensor network model and gave an information fusion system structure for passive acoustic sensor network. Then the basic principle of target detection for acoustic sensor is stated. Finally, we illustrated the operation process of a simulation system for passive acoustic sensor network.
The Application Research of Painting Style Based on Image Digitization Technology Process
Authors: Ma Chun Xing , Wang Wei , Sun Li Wei
Published: February 2014

One of the function of digital painting images is to let the image simulation the painting style of artist,while to generate artistic image which has a vivid artistic effect.However,the manipulation process is complicated,cumbersome and means of a single. It can not let the non-professional personnel to master simply and easily. This article embarks from the common painting style technique and theory, using the photoshop, Illustrator CS4 software to process the paths,color gradation and the lightness, using the image color statistics and transformation simulation, and through the way of copying images to identify four different application techniques of painting style. Experiments prove that the methods and means can be simple, rapid, realistic to achieve the painting art effect.
Study on Adaptive Hybrid Prediction Algorithm and its Implementation Based on Neural Network
Authors: Cheng Liang
Published: February 2014

In this paper, nonlinear time series forecasting system combining algorithm proposed prediction model. For the model of the existing combination forecasting method selection and mixed results so that it can be improved terms for a variety of different sequences with adaptive prediction. The results show that for different test data set, the method can effectively use all kinds of prediction Models pool without specific filter to adjust the mixing weight ratio of each of the prediction results so that the adaptive prediction, ensure higher prediction accuracy achieved.
Control System for Digital Forming Machine of Lost Foam Based on PMAC
Authors: Zuo Jian Min , Wang Mu Lan , Chen Jian , Wang Bao Sheng
Published: February 2014

Control system is the key factor for performance of digital forming machine. To meet different needs, an open NC system structure is proposed based on PMAC. Selection of servo motor is analyzed, and hardware of control system is established. Software composed of multiple modules is developed with VC++, and also communication between PC and PMAC is realized. Furthermore, a method to optimize manufacturing process and interpolation path is presented according to characteristics of lost foam machining. Simulation and experiment are carried out, and the results confirm that the control system is excellent.
Dynamic Analysis of Slide Vane Compressor Stator Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Qian Wen Xue , Yin Xiao Wei , Xie Li Yang
Published: February 2014

Mode analysis is important for slide vane compressor stator. Because of period force may set up resonance in the stator. In this paper, the stress distributions and vibration modes of stator of sliding vane compressor were studied through finite element method (FEM). The first-order vibration mode to five-order vibration mode of stator were computed. The results showed that the resonance frequencies are much larger than the working frequency. It is significant for sliding vane compressor design, fatigue life prediction and reliability assessment.
Optimization Design of the Flush Air Data System
Authors: Zhang Qing Feng
Published: February 2014

A new configuration of multi sensor flush air data system was proposed and the detecting principles of the flush air data system was discussed. A large number of redundant information pick up from multi sensors embedded in aircraft data system put forward the requirements of information optimization. Characteristic value of air data defined in this chapter meet the active control system of aircraft redundancy requirements of total pressure, static pressure, angle of attack and sideslip angle of atmospheric data, was the foundation of the multi sensor information fusion system.
Micro Electric Cars Shock Absorber Spring Nonlinear Analysis
Authors: Liu Wei Min , Zheng Ai Yun , Lu Chun Guang , Deng Hao
Published: February 2014

Aiming at the miniature electric automobile shock absorber spring of actual situation, consider the variant, flexible facing the flexible contact surface, the electric automobile shock absorber spring nonlinear analysis, get spring stress, displacement, and the results were processed, provides the basis for optimizing the design and selection of the damping spring.
Gas Turbine Engines Safe Life Criterion Analysis
Authors: Hu Jie
Published: February 2014

Life concepts have evolved and improved since the early period of the gas turbine engine. Early on, passing a 150-h test was the main "pass or fail" criteria used to qualify a new engine design to enter production and service. Engine life development and life prediction techniques evolved mostly in response to durability problems, customer demands, and/or regulatory involvement. The safe life and damage tolerance concepts have been the two most widely used design methods for producing components to meet life requirements. More recently, however, the combination of both life concepts is the preferred life method for both commercial and military and is required by the military in their engine structural development programs.
Study on the Safety Evaluation of Combustion System in Combined Cycle Power Plant
Authors: Sun Zhong Qiang , Zhang Jin Feng , Li Zai Xing
Published: February 2014

There exist many dangerous and harmful factors in by-product steel gas power generation process and which easily caused casualties and the pollution of the environment. The study on risk analysis and evaluation are still relatively dearth about the by-product gas generating process of domestic steel enterprises. The boiler system on a Combined Cycle Power Plant was analyzed and evaluation by Dow chemical fires and explosive hazard index evaluation method and the method of fault tree analysis, which combined with the actual situation of steel plant Combined Cycle Power Plant. The results show that the fire and explosion hazard of gas boiler is very dangerous, but the hazard levels are reduced to lower level after safety compensatory measures, so the safety of the device is reliable, and immediately pay is the main reason leading to the explosion of the boiler. According to the analysis some feasible measures was put forward. The study has positive guiding significance for risk management and safety administration decision of the Combined Cycle Power Plant.
The Aircraft Airworthiness and Safety Standards Analysis
Authors: Hu Jie
Published: February 2014

The safety of the aircraft is assured by the airworthiness conditions laid down by national and international bodies. This chapter starts with a brief description of the framework in which these regulations are managed. The airworthiness regulations govern the ethos of the design. It is important to understand these aspects prior to the detailed consideration of aircraft component design as they may present constraints to the layout and performance of the aircraft. Although airworthiness is described under the separate headings of structural integrity, system integrity, operation integrity and crashworthiness there is considerable interdependence involved in the overall aircraft configuration.
Study on Safe Distance for the Automotive Collision Warning System Based on Human-Vehicle-Environment
Authors: Cao Feng Ping
Published: February 2014

In order to improve the effectiveness and practicability of the car anti-collision system, a model of the safety distance between two cars took into account human, vehicle and environment was presented in the paper. Firstly, a general automobile safety distance calculation model based on the braking process was derived, and an algorithm of estimating safe running state on vehicle was presented, which includes the comprehensive factors that influence the vehicle safety travel. Then the general automobile safety distance model was corrected and regulated according to the state of driving safety. At last, the method was verified by the simulation experiments. Experimental results indicate that the algorithm was more consistent with the driver individual characteristic and the actual situation of vehicle and road, and the driver had the most impact.
Comprehensive Treatment of Coal Waste Piles with Spontaneous Combustion
Authors: Gao Yang , Xiao Wu , Yu Yang , Xu Li Jiang , Shao Fang , Zeng Ji Yong
Published: February 2014

Coal waste is the inevitable outcome during coal mining and processing and its output is more and more tremendous. The underutilized coal waste accumulates and forms waste pile. Its spontaneous combustion could lead to serious environmental problem, indicating it is particularly important to comprehensively treat the coal waste piles with spontaneous combustion. According to the mechanism and characteristic of coal waste piles with spontaneous combustion, this study classified the treatment in the different periods into diagnosis of spontaneous combustion, extinguishment, fire prevention and vegetation restoration. Furthermore, were viewed the advance in studying comprehensive treatment of coal waste piles with spontaneous combustion and we expected to supply the reference for selecting treatment of coal waste piles with spontaneous combustion.
Overview and Prospects of Black Start
Authors: Chen Zi Ying , Hu Jia Lin , Li Jia Yao , Long Wei Xun
Published: February 2014

With the rapid development of power grid, black start has been an indispensable part of power grid construction, and the gradually mature microgrid technology will play an important role in solving power system problems. Otherwise, plug-in electric vehicle will become an important load in future power grid. The black start concept, research status, black start scheme development and its verification are stated in detail; distributed generation and microgrid are introduced; the strategy about taking microgrid as black start power sources is proposed; and key technical problems existing on the combination of black start, microgrid and plug-in electric vehicle are explored according to the microgrid control and operation characteristics. On the basis of summarizing black start and microgrid research development and achievements in the globe, this paper discusses prospects of black start and provides new views and suggestions for its further research.
Similar Execution Path Generation Based on Backward Symbolic Analysis
Authors: Guo Xi , Wang Jian Yong
Published: February 2014

Similar execution paths generation is one of the fundamental tasks in code analysis and detection. The current methods usually target to the program behavior or program structure, and change the value of key predicates, but these methods has a low effectiveness due to the lack of the necessary guidance information, Meanwhile, the predicates set has a large size and usually hard to solve, thus it will reduce the analyze precision as well. A technique of similar execution paths generation based on dynamic synergy bidirectional mapping is proposed in this paper. According to extend the shape of Control Flow Graph and use the backward symbolic analysis, the weakest precondition of the candidate path is generated, which can be used as the guidance information to generate pointed similar execution paths set according to the edit distance via changing the distance factor. The experimental results show that this method has the advantage of precision and anti-inference.
Comparative Study on Mobile Search Engines
Authors: Ge Wei , Qin Cheng De , Qin Xiao Hong
Published: February 2014

On the last day of 2008, China finally agreed to three grant telecom operators licenses to offer the third-generation (3G) services using WCDMA, CDMA 2000, and TD-SCDMA standards. The Issuing of 3G Licenses is going to excite the mobile business, and also expand the broad user basis and development space of the mobile search industry. Today mobile search has become one of the hot topics in the mobile field and the search field, and many giant companies have started action.
The Analysis of Database Based on Road Disease Detection
Authors: Ji Wan Jun , Qiao Xu , Zhu Kai , Yang Feng
Published: February 2014

Road disease detection system is the process of obtaining road subgrade information detected by geological radar to consider user management. at the same time, the user can carry on the statistical analysis to obtain information. In the process of system implementation, Database is the foundation. Database design must be combined with the requirements analysis, in this way can the database design more reasonable. Thus, to establish a reasonable, feasible database is crucial for the realization and application of the system, this paper mainly discusses the system database.
Design of Remote Crops Image Capture and Expert System in the Yellow River Delta
Authors: Li Guo Xin , Lao Fei , Cheng Long , Huo Bing Quan
Published: February 2014

The Yellow River Delta National Agricultural Science and Technology Park proposed the concept of "One Zone One Hundred Parks", namely the Yellow River Delta National Agricultural Science and Technology Park consists of a hundred geographically dispersed agricultural technology demonstration park. In order to effectively provide intellectual support for these geographically dispersed agricultural technology demonstration parks, this paper presents the design and the idea of remote crop image capture and expert systems. The core idea is to set up image collection terminals in a decentralized agricultural technology demonstration park. Crop samples are collected by the terminals, using GPRS network to transfer the captured image data to the Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioengineering. Agricultural experts make an analysis to image samples, and propose treatment advice. And then, the experts feedback the advice to the various agricultural technology demonstration parks. After a year of testing, the entire system is reliable, excellent performance in real-time transmission of images. This system has played a very important role in the prevention and control of crop pests and crop growth guidance.
A Regression-Based Cycle Time Estimator for the PCB Placement Machine
Authors: Wu Yong Zhong , Liu Jiang Wen
Published: February 2014

The assembly of printed circuit boards is conducted by the sophisticated PCB placement machines. The cycle time for a machine to complete an assembly job is determined by solving two machine optimization problems, i.e., the feeder arrangement and placement sequencing.Rapid and accurate estimation of these cycle times is important for solving the higher level planning problems including the line balancing problem. In this paper, a regression-based estimator was established to estimate the cycle time. Statistical results on 100 PCB samples showed that the proposed estimator could estimate the cycle times accurately. At the same time, the computationally efficiency makes it suitableto be used in solving higher level planning problems.
Air Cargo Domestic Route Designing of China
Authors: Luo Feng`e , Jia Zhen Zhen
Published: February 2014

For finding a way of air cargo route designing method, statistical analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and cluster analysis with SPSSS program are used in this article. After choosing sample flight segment with SWORT analysis method, this article uses lots of data to determine the indicator of route designing especially from the point of airline profit. Then using cluster analysis to get the airport classification and using hub-airport route network designing to get the model of air cargo domestic route network of China. The new and original thing is that this article uses average load rate as one of the evaluation indicator.
Coordinate Analysis of Articulated Needle while Being Steered
Authors: Wang Yi Zhong , Zhao Xiao Qiang , Wu Yong Hong , Niu Ting Wei , Liu Qiao Jun , Chen Yong Hua
Published: February 2014

In minimally invasive surgery, needle is one of the most common devices that used to conduct different diagnosis and treatment tasks. In this paper, coordinates of articulated needle while being steered are studied. After analyzing bending directions, a simplified model of articulated needle is established. Accordingly, formulas for calculating the coordinates of important points in an articulated needle are got in both two dimensional and three dimensional spaces. By providing a theoretical basis for the steering of an articulated needle, its navigation accuracy can be improved.
The Controlling and the System Optimizing of the Rotary Motion in the Wheel-Changing Device of Light Rail
Authors: Wang Shao Dong , Yang Chang Qi
Published: February 2014

For the crawling problems of the changing-wheel device,the paper put forward a single-degree-of-freedom spring-quality system of a physical model of crawling motion,and described the model mathematically.Than the paper analyzed the main factors which produced several crawl,and obtained the displacement and velocity response curve of the system model,and coincide with the motion state results of the actual light rail in the changing-wheel library device. The paper built a simplified hydraulic system model of the rotary device,and made simulation analysis for the hydraulic system model through the Matlab,found the main factors which influence the crawling system is driving speed (force),vertical load, system stiffness and system damping,than given some methods which can help restrain the crawling. After the simply analyzed for the characteristics of throttle valve,the paper made some optimization for the original hydraulic system,that is at the hydraulic back oil piping,joining the throttle to the components,which purpose is to increase the effective damping of the system,thus inhibiting system to crawl.This optimization already have been proved through the practical engineering application.
Study on Design Scheme of Grass Spikes Harvesting Device to Wild Alpine Kobresia Wild Growing in Tibetan Natural Grassland
Authors: Miao Yan Jun , Liu Zhi Lin
Published: February 2014

This paper from the design requirement of grass spikes harvesting device to Tibetan wild alpine kobresia willd, analyzing the growth environment and characteristic parameters of Tibetan wild alpine kobresia willd, comparing and analyzing various design schemes, and then determining the final scheme. At the same time, the experiment schemes and evaluation method of the device is given. Research shows that the device size should be small scale and the power source should be DC battery. But its harvest method and technical parameters should be determined by grass spikes harvesting experiments.
Predicting Truck Load Variation Using Q-Truck Model
Authors: Buhari Rosnawati , Abdullah Mohd Ezree , Rohani Munzilah Md
Published: February 2014

The study of heavy vehicle forces on pavement is important for both vehicle and pavement. Indeed it was identified several factors such as environment, materials and design consideration affects pavement damage over time with traffic loads playing a key role in deterioration. Therefore, this paper presents dynamically varying tire pavement interaction load, thus enable to assess the strain response of pavements influenced by road roughness, truck suspension system, variation of axle loading and vehicle speed. A 100m pavement with good evenness was simulated to check the sensitivity of the dynamic loads and heavy truck vertical motions to the roughness. The most important performance indicators that are required in pavement distress evaluation are radial strain at the bottom of the asphalt concrete and vertical strain at the subgrade surface was predicted using peak influence function approach. The results show that truck speed is the most important variables that interact with truck suspension system and thus effect of loading time are extremely important when calculating the critical.
Toughening of Wood/Poly(vinyl chloride) Composites by Using Ultrafine Rubber Particles: Mechanical and Rheological Investigations
Authors: Petchwattana Nawadon , Covavisaruch Sirijutaratana , Watkrut Chanidapa
Published: February 2014

The purpose of this research is to enhance the toughness of richly-filled wood plastic composites (WPC) by using ultrafine acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) particles. The WPC was prepared by using poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) matrix filled with Iron wood (Xylia xylocarpa) flour at 40 phr (WPC40) and 60 phr (WPC60). To enhance the impact strength, various contents of the ultrafine NBR were incorporated as an impact modifier from 1-11 phr. Experimental results indicated that the NBR toughened-WPCs were tougher than that of the unmodified ones, by increasing the tensile elongation at break. The impact strength of the WPCs modified with only 5 phr of NBR was notably enhanced around 26 and 7% for WPC40 and WPC60 respectively. Rheological results revealed that the ultrafine NBR functioned not only as an impact modifier but also as a processing aid with shorter processing time and lower melt torque.
Study of Energy-Saving Dyeing Process for Poly(lactic acid) Fabric
Authors: Siriphet Benjawan , Setthayanond Jantip , Suwanruji Potjanart , Sae-Bae Porntip
Published: February 2014

. This research studied to develop an energy-saving dyeing process for PLA. The disperse dye used was C.I. Disperse Red 167.1. The effect of dispersing agents viz. SLS and the commercial dispersing agent, on the dyeing ability of the dye on PLA was determined. An energy-saving dyeing process was developed as a 2-stage dyeing process. The dyebath was first preheated at 60°C for 10 minutes followed by dyeing at 110°C for shorter times of 10 and 20 minutes when the conventional process was carried out at 110°C for 30 minutes. The results show that the 2-stage dyeing process provides a satisfactory dyeing with less energy consumption as compared with the conventional PLA dyeing process.
The Electrical Properties and Changes on the Substrates of Microbial Fuel Cells Using Excess Sludge
Authors: Zhao Xiao Qin , Sun Xiao Jie
Published: February 2014

A single-chamber and membrane-less microbial fuel cells (MFC) was successfully started up using anaerobic sludge as inoculums without any nutrient elements for 20 d. Under 30 °C, excess sludge SS was about 21000 mg·L-1, anode area for 31.4 cm2and in 200 mM NaCl concentration agent conditions experiment MFC, while the control device (CD) directly with original sludge anaerobic digestion. The electricity generation of microbial fuel cell and the contrast of substrate changes were investigated. The results show that obtained maximum voltage is 597.3 mV, pH in MFC is slightly higher than in contrast test. Volume reduction in MFC is larger than the controls. Reducing sugar in MFC is lower than that in CDs. Proteins increase at first and then decrease, finally there is no significant difference in both of MFC and CD. Key words: Microbial Fuel Cells, Excess Sludge, Anaerobic Digestion, Reutilization
Transformer Fault Diagnosis with the Duval Triangle and Heuristic Techniques
Authors: Ling Jeeng Min , Lin Ming Jong , Yu Chao Tang
Published: February 2014

Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is an effective tool for detecting incipient faults in power transformers. The ANSI/IEEE C57.104 standards, the most popular guides for the interpretation of gases generated in oil-immersed transformers, and the IEC-Duval triangle method are integrated to develop the proposed power transformer fault diagnosis method. The key dissolved gases, including H2, CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, and total combustible gases (TCG), suggested by ASTM D3612s instruction for DGA is investigated. The tested data of the transformer oil were taken from the substations of Taiwan Power Company. Diagnosis results with the text form called IEC-Duval triangle method show the validation and accuracy to detect the incipient fault in the power transformer.
Wind Power Ramp Forecasting Based on Least-Square Support Vector Machine
Authors: Gan Di , Ke De Ping
Published: February 2014

Wind power ramp forecasting is very significant for grid integration of large wind energy. A ramp event is defined as the sharp increase or decrease of wind power on a large scale in short time. A methodology for wind power ramp forecasting is described. The method is based on Least Square Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) and the definition of ramp events by filtering the original signal. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated on a wind farm in China, which shows that LSSVM model is competent in forecasting wind power ramp events.
Available Capacity Estimation of Electric Vehicle Batteries Based on Peukert Equation at Various Temperatures
Authors: Liu Xing Tao , Wu Ji , Zhang Chen Bin , Chen Zong Hai
Published: February 2014

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming widely used for its low energy consumption and low pollution. An accurate estimation of available capacity for Li-ion batteries has an important utility significance to optimize its performance in the applications of EVs. The Peukert equation is applied to estimate the available capacity of batteries. However, the fact that the available capacity of Li-ion batteries is dependent on battery temperatures can result in errors while using the Peukert equation. To address this problem, this paper proposes an extended Peukert equation to include temperature effect. This method considers battery temperature as an input variable into the Peukert equation. Experiments based on Li-ion batteries are carried out under various current and temperatures. The comparison of the estimated and the actual available capacity indicates that the proposed algorithm can provide a reliable and accurate estimation of the available capacity for Li-ion batteries.
Research on Energy Security and Sustainable Development of Beijing
Authors: Gao Nong Nong
Published: February 2014

China's energy consumption has surpassed the United States to become the world's largest energy consumer. As the capital city of China, Beijing has a large-scale population size, high building density, land scarcity, sensitive atmosphere environment and great political influence. Beijing is always in need of large amount of energy and its pursuit for high quality energy is also desperate. Thus, its of high priority to guarantee a sustainable development path for urban energy. Based on analysis of the international energy situation, energy characteristics of Beijing and the Beijing Energy Risk, this paper intends to draw a conclusion on how to rely on sustainable energy development theory to control related risks in Beijing.
Identification the Status and Dominant Factor of Eutrophication in the Newly Built Reservoir during the Impoundment Period
Authors: Zhu Li Qin , Jiang Cui Ling , Zhang Peng , Li Dong Mei , Zhu Xiu Quan
Published: February 2014

In this paper, taking Laohutan reservoir in Huzhou city of Zhejiang province as an example, we systematically discussed the variation trends of trophic status in the early impoundment period of newly built reservoir and the dominant factor of eutrophication. It has been proved that the reservoir’s nutrition index in the early stage is on rise and the water body has a trend of eutrophication. According to actual situation, the outbreak of cyanobacteria and deterioration of water quality in September have showed the features of eutrophication. The dominant factors of eutrophication are total phosphorus, total nitrogen and dissolved oxygen, among which total phosphorus matters most to the trophic status. The results have laid great important foundation for people to explore evolution process of new reservoir ecosystem and the influences of hydraulic engineering construction to ecological environment, and they also provide reference for construction and management of other new reservoir.
A Low-Cost Portable Biological Drug Transport Box at Low Temperature
Authors: Yu Qun Chao , Qiu Kai Jin , You Hong
Published: February 2014

The paper introduces a new type of biological drug transport box combined with the advantages of both with a low power consumption and low price. It explains the design of the appearance and space structure of the system, air flow cooling structure, and the hardware and software structure in the control part. Experiment results indicate that the solution put forward in the paper is simple and reliable, that the constant temperature effect is good and that the whole quality ratio of the transport box is high at a lower cost.
Design of 1kw Al-Air Battery
Authors: Zhou You Jie , Xiong Chun Hua , Lu Chang Bo , An Gao Jun
Published: February 2014

The author puts forward the design scheme of 1 kw al-air battery based on analysis of key techniques such as the activation and anti-corrosion of aluminum anode, air cathode preparation, catalyst research, electrolyte additive. Function parameters of cell stack are calculated, and introduce its component functions, including control design, functional electrolyte circulation, air transport, DC / AC inverter system and others.
Analysis of Water Resource Carrying Capacity in the Ecological Economic Zone of Dongting Lake
Authors: Xing Zi Qiang , Xiao Wei Hua , Yan Deng Hua , Hao Cai Lian
Published: February 2014

In this study, the supportable maximum GDP/ population and the water poverty status were analyzed using the dual indices calculation model and the water poverty index in the Ecological Economic Zone of Dongting Lake in the different planning level years. The results showed that the supportable maximum GDP and population keep on increasing in the Ecological Economic Zone of Dongting Lake in the planning level years, and that in the Yueyang, Changde and Yiyang was the three maximum. On the other hands, the water poverty status in the Ecological Economic Zone of Dongting Lake was improved in the planning level years since the water conservancy project construction, the incremental water supply and the pollutants abatement. Key words: Water Resource Carrying Capacity; Dual Indices Calculation Model; Water Poverty Index; Ecological Economic Zone of Dongting Lake
Assessment on the Necessity to Purify the Newly Constructed Laohutan Reservoir
Authors: Zhu Li Qin , Jiang Cui Ling , Zhang Peng , Li Dong Mei , Zhu Xiu Quan
Published: February 2014

Soils and vegetation of submerged areas will be the endogenous pollutions sources after water storage comes into use in the newly constructed reservoir. Enriched nutrients are released gradually into water, which has an effect on the water quality of reservoir. In this paper, taking Laohutan Reservoir as a study object, accumulation levels of nutrients in soils of the four main types of land use in the reservoir area are studied, the total amount of the pollutants produced by vegetation incineration in the reservoir area is estimated, and based on the experiments the effects of the pollutants in residual vegetation on the water quality of the proposed reservoir are predicted. It provides the theoretical bases for the pollution control of newly constructed reservoir and the establishment of purification measurements before water storage.
Classification of Dissolved and Particulate Phosphate Components in Xiangxi River, China
Authors: Yang Wen Jun , Li Jian , Jin Zhong Wu
Published: February 2014

These years the water quality deteriorated in Xiangxi River (XXR)---one tributary of Yangtze River in the Three Gorges Project reservoir area. Many components existed in XXR such as nutrients, suspended sediment (SS) and phytoplankton. The nutrients containing phosphorus could be adsorbed to the fine SS, which influenced the water quality components cycling obviously. For calculating the concentrations of different forms of phosphates (mainly the dissolved phosphate and particulate phosphate) more precisely, the formula was deduced based on the Langmuir equation and modified Langmuir equation. Then the field observed data were used to validate the deduced formula, which showed that the deduced formula can calculate the concentrations well. The formula could be applied for the water quality or ecological modeling, and also provide more information for water quality improvement.
Keywords: Suspended sediment; Phosphorus; Adsorption-desorption; Xiangxi River
Problems of Water Quality Management in Marine Nature Reserve of Fujian Province and the Countermeasures
Authors: Ouyang Yu Rong , Cai Ling , Dai Juan Juan , Chen Fei Li
Published: February 2014

The gap between the requirements on water quality management in Marine Nature Reserves and the actual situation means a great many difficulties in management. Using Marine Nature Reserves in Fujian Province as an example, this article discusses the problems of water quality management and their causes, and proposes the countermeasures.
Progress on OCPs and Chronic Disease
Authors: Qin Ru Qiong , Mo Ling Yun , Zeng Hong Hu , Qin Li Tang , Liang Yan Peng
Published: February 2014

The organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) including a large group of insecticides were widely used in the world in the agriculture and household. OCPs are organic compounds that are resistant to environmental degradation, bioaccumulated in body, and enlarged in the food chain, they are great harm to humans and animals. Although OCPs have been banned for about 40 years, they are still remained in the environment. OCPs are toxic to human and animals, and some compounds have been identified as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic. OCPs are also considered as endocrine disruptors, which interfere with the hormone system and can cause birth defects, reproductive and developmental disorders, as well as some cancerous tumors. There is ongoing concern over the risks to human and wildlife reproductive health of OCPs. This overview introduces the effects of OCPs on human reproduction.
Research Development on Constructed Wetlands
Authors: Qin Lu Mei , Zeng Hong Hu , Liang Yan Peng
Published: February 2014

Constructed wetland is a mode of economical and highly effective system applied in wastewater treatment with special removal mechanism function, which has drawn much attention over the world constantly. On the basis of study from abroad, this article makes the brief induction of removal mechanism, influential factors and combined technique of constructed wetlands, for the further research works were also put forward in the next future.
Research on the Pattern of Comprehensive Improvement of Small Watershed Pollution in Guangxi Province
Authors: Chen Hong , Duan Chun Yi
Published: February 2014

This paper concern the difficulties of comprehensive improvement of small watershed pollution. There were some patterns of comprehensive improvement of small watershed pollution, which include industrial pollution, domestic pollution, non-point source polluting, and rural non-point source pollution in small watershed. We put out control measures of these pollution and long-term mechanism of mall basin pollution remediation
Study on Environmental Protection Planning of Datong Town in Daqing
Authors: Yi Wei Hong , Chen Zheng Yan , Ma Feng Rong
Published: February 2014

With development of small towns, the shortage of water resources and deterioration of water environment, soil and water loss, low vegetation coverage problem is becoming more and more serious, the ecological environment of small town is more and more pressure, restricting the development of small town economy and society is increasingly clear. Because a plan for environmental protection is a basic work of environmental remediation, so a rational environmental planning will speed up local economy and urban development. Firstly, the paper evaluates the status of water environment, atmospheric environment, acoustic environment and solid waste discharge. Secondly, the paper sets Datong town environmental protection planning target and divides the environmental function. Final, the paper proposes the effective measures to synthetically managing the rural environment, developing and utilizing the rural energy, Protecting and building the agricultural ecological environment.
The Application of Hydraulic Model in Water Environment Pollution Simulation
Authors: Zhang Lin Bo
Published: February 2014

The paper introduces the application of hydraulic model in environmental problems, discusses several examples using hydraulic model in environmental problems and several important factors in the process of the use of hydraulic model to study the water environment pollution simulation, which involves abnormal model, the transverse diffusion coefficient, pollutant simulation and so on. The applicable conditions, constraints and their possible solutions of this technology are also discussed.
The Development of Household Membrane Filters for Drinking Water Treatment
Authors: Li Xun Chao , Li Cong
Published: February 2014

The health risks and potential environment damage from unsafe municipal water have greatly accelerated the development of household water filter around the world. Similarly, the emergence of membrane technology in recently decades has greatly stimulated the rapid development and wide applications of membrane filter. The most widely used types of household membrane filters currently include RO membrane filter, UF membrane filter and MF membrane filter. Such filters are commercially available and of broad prospects in spite of membrane fouling. This review looks back over previous developments and applications of such three household membrane filters for better evaluation of their future development.
Zinc Contamination in Sediments of Southern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan
Authors: Chang Yi Kuo , Hsiao Yu Sung , Lou Jiann Yuh , Dong Cheng Di , Chen Chih Feng , Chen Chiu Wen
Published: February 2014

Major objectives of this study are to evaluation the enrichment, accumulation, and potential ecological risk of zinc (Zn) in the surface sediments of southern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan. Twelve sampling locations were installed of southern Kaohsiung Harbor to collect sediment samples for analyzing Zn. Results showed that the Zn concentrations varied from 731–946 mg/kg with an average of 323±525 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Zn reveals that the Zn concentration is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor entrance region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of Zn pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the sediments collected from the Salt River mouth can be characterized very severe degree enrichment and strong to very strong accumulation of Zn, respectively. Results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the sediment has low ecological potential risk.
Mapping the Spatial Variability of Soil Properties: A Comparative Study of Spatial Interpolation Methods in Northeast China
Authors: Li Xiao Yan , Li Hong , Liu Hui Jia
Published: February 2014

We analyzed the variance characteristics of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), extractable phosphorus (EP), and extractable potassium (EK), in Jiutai County, Northeast China, and compared different prediction methods for mapping of these four soil variables. The prediction methods used were geostatistical interpolation (ordinary kriging), inverse distance weight method, and the hybrid techniques (regression-kriging). A modified jackknifing method involving 40% partitions was used to examine the stability of validate the indices. Root mean square error (RMSE) was used as validation index, and mean RMSE was used to judge the prediction quality. The results showed that the hybrid interpolation regression-kriging cant be used in the region influenced by frequent and high-intensity human activity when the relationship between soil properties and environment factors were not obvious. The ordinary kriging was found to be the best method to fit the experimental semivariogram of SOM and EK. The inverse distance weight method fit well to predict the distribution of TN and EP. For SOM and EK, results showed that data values in the western part were higher than those in the eastern part. However, for TN and EP, there is no clear trend. Water and tillage erosion caused by human activity has weakened the structural influence and elevation and slope played key roles in the distribution of soil variables in the local area.
Energy and Environmental Challenges and Coping Strategies
Authors: Gao Min , Li Yan Yu
Published: February 2014

Great achievements since the reform and opening up China's energy development, but the resulting energy shortage, environment pollution seriously limits the economic development of our country and cause economic security and national security issues. From resources, production, consumption, and impact on the environment and the economic and social development, etc., analyzes the basic situation and development trend of the world's energy and discusses the opportunities and challenges facing our country energy development. China's energy development strategy is still mainly on coal, controlling the total energy production and consumption, energy conservation and emissions reduction, improve the efficiency of the comprehensive utilization of energy, to develop the modern coal chemical industry, renewable energy and nuclear energy.