bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BMI, Mortality, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 1 Diabetes: Findings Against an Obesity Paradox
Authors: Edqvist Jon , Rawshani Araz , Adiels Martin , Björck Lena , Lind Marcus , Svensson Ann-Marie , Gudbjörnsdottir Sofia , Sattar Naveed , Rosengren Annika
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

Low weight has been associated with increased mortality risks in type 1 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the importance of weight and weight gain/loss in the Swedish population diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Patients with type 1 diabetes (n = 26,125; mean age 33.3 years; 45% women) registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry from 1998 to 2012 were followed from the first day of study entry. Cox regression was used to calculate risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD), major CVD events, hospitalizations for heart failure (HF), and total deaths.

RESULTS

Population mean BMI in patients with type 1 diabetes increased from 24.7 to 25.7 kg/m2 from 1998 to 2012. Over a median follow-up of 10.9 years, there were 1,031 deaths (33.2% from CVD), 1,460 major CVD events, and 580 hospitalizations for HF. After exclusion of smokers, patients with poor metabolic control, and patients with a short follow-up time, there was no increased risk for mortality in those with BMI <25 kg/m2, while BMI >25 kg/m2 was associated with a minor increase in risk of mortality, major CVD, and HF. In women, associations with BMI were largely absent. Weight gain implied an increased risk of mortality and HF, while weight loss was not associated with higher risk.

CONCLUSIONS

Risk of major CVD, HF, CVD death, and mortality increased with increasing BMI, with associations more apparent in men than in women. After exclusion of factors associated with reverse causality, there was no evidence of an obesity paradox.
Association of Self-Reported Sleep and Circadian Measures With Glycemia in Adults With Prediabetes or Recently Diagnosed Untreated Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mokhlesi Babak , Temple Karla A. , Tjaden Ashley H. , Edelstein Sharon L. , Utzschneider Kristina M. , Nadeau Kristen J. , Hannon Tamara S. , Sam Susan , Barengolts Elena , Manchanda Shalini , Ehrmann David A. , Van Cauter Eve ,   The RISE Consortium, Ehrmann David A. , Temple Karla A. , Rue Abby , Barengolts Elena , Mokhlesi Babak , Van Cauter Eve , Sam Susan , Miller M. Annette , Kahn Steven E. , Atkinson Karen M. , Palmer Jerry P. , Utzschneider Kristina M. , Gebremedhin Tsige , Kernan-Schloss Abigail , Kozedub Alexandra , Montgomery Brenda K. , Morse Emily J. , Mather Kieren J. , Garrett Tammy , Hannon Tamara S. , Lteif Amale , Patel Aniket , Chisholm Robin , Moore Karen , Pirics Vivian , Pratt Linda , Nadeau Kristen J. , Gross Susan , Zeitler Philip S. , Williams Jayne , Cree-Green Melanie , Garcia Reyes Yesenia , Vissat Krista , Arslanian Silva A. , Brown Kathleen , Guerra Nancy , Porter Kristin , Caprio Sonia , Savoye Mary , Pierpont Bridget , Buchanan Thomas A. , Xiang Anny H. , Trigo Enrique , Beale Elizabeth , Hendee Fadi N. , Katkhouda Namir , Nayak Krishan , Martinez Mayra , Montgomery Cortney , Wang Xinhui , Edelstein Sharon L. , Lachin John M. , Hogan Tjaden Ashley , Marcovina Santica , Harting Jessica , Albers John , Hill Dave , Savage Peter J. , Leschek Ellen W.
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVE

Sleep disturbances and circadian misalignment (social jet lag, late chronotype, or shift work) have been associated with worse glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether these findings apply to adults with prediabetes is yet unexplored. We hypothesized that self-reported short sleep, poor sleep quality, and/or circadian misalignment are associated with higher glycemia, BMI, and blood pressure (BP) in adults with prediabetes or recently diagnosed, untreated T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Our cohort included 962 overweight/obese adults ages 20–65 years with prediabetes or recently diagnosed, untreated T2D who completed a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test and validated sleep questionnaires. Independent associations of sleep and circadian variables with glycemia, BMI, and BP were evaluated with regression models.

RESULTS

The multiethnic cohort was 55% men, with mean ± SD age 52.2 ± 9.5 years and BMI 34.7 ± 5.5 kg/m2. Mean sleep duration was 6.6 ± 1.3 h. Poor sleep quality was reported by 54% and high risk for obstructive sleep apnea by 64%. HbA1c was significantly higher in those reporting <5 or >8 h sleep per night. Sleep duration >8 h was also associated with higher fasting glucose and <6 h with higher BMI. Shift work was also associated with higher BMI. Social jet lag and delayed chronotype were associated with higher BP.

CONCLUSIONS

In our cohort, self-reported short and long sleep were both associated with adverse measures of glycemia, and short sleep and shift work were associated with higher BMI. Further research using objective measures of sleep is needed to better delineate the relationship between sleep and glycemia in adults with prediabetes or T2D.
Antioxidantes naturales y su poder reductor frente a iones plata: alternativa en la recuperación de metales / Natural Antioxidants and Their Reducing Power Against Silver Ions: Alternative in the Recovery of Metals
Authors: Meléndez Balbuena Lidia , Cabrera Vivas Blanca Martha , Soto López Ismael , Castro Lino Alejandra , Ramírez García Juan Carlos
Published: May 2019

La contaminación de las aguas de ríos y mares por la presencia de metales es un problema de escala mundial debido principalmente al impacto de los relaves mineros. Se ha demostrado científicamente que, además de causar algunos de los problemas ambientales más graves, la exposición a metales en determinadas circunstancias es la causa de la degradación y muerte de vegetación, ríos, animales e incluso de daños directos en el ser humano, por lo que es esencial buscar formas para eliminarlos, o al menos reducir su impacto.Este trabajo muestra los resultados obtenidos del comportamiento reductor de extractos de plantas frente a iones de plata, un proceso donde, en lugar de usar reactivos sintéticos, método simple y económico, los extractos son químicos utilizados como reactivos en la recuperación de un metal. Extractos que contienen sustancias antioxidantes como flavonoides, taninos y compuestos fenólicos, que son metabolitos secundarios de muchas plantas, cuya actividad antioxidante desempeña un papel fundamental en los procesos de reducción. Los extractos de plantas estudiados fueron los siguientes: diente de león (Taraxacun officianale), perejil (Petroselinum crispum) y hierbabuena (Camellia sinensis). Se realizaron pruebas analíticas de la identificación cualitativa de la presencia en los extractos acuosos de los flavonoides, ácidos fenólicos responsables de su poder reductor.El poder reductor de los extractos fue probado a través de la formación de nanopartículas de plata, y monitoreando los espectros UV-Vis con la aparición de la banda del plasmón característico de nanopartículas metálicas, así como a través de la recuperación de la plata en forma de sólido limpio y brillante con buenos rendimientos, se cuantificó el rendimiento de la plata obtenida con cada uno de los extractos de plantas utilizados. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que es viable utilizar extractos vegetales para la reducción de metales y de esta forma recuperar metales en forma metálica.
TEACHING METHOD AND VOCABULARY MASTERY INFLUENCE TOWARD STUDENT’S SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Syafiq Ahmad , Siagiyanto Bambang Eko
Published: May 2019

The aim of this research is to know if there are effects of teaching method and vocabulary mastery on student’s speaking skill at private senior high schools in Teluk Betung, Bandar Lampung. The sample of this research is 60 students. This research is experimental research with two factors, teaching method using Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Conventional Method and Vocabulary Mastery. The data about vocabulary mastery and speaking skills are taken through tests which their validity and reliability have been tested. The researcher used SPSS Program 20 to analyze the data. The results are: experimental class (A1) has to mean score 68, it is more than a control class (A2) that has to mean score 59,97. Testing of three hypotheses used ANOVA (analysis on variants), it has got a sig. score 0,000 in communicative language teaching and vocabulary mastery got sig 0,002. It means the first hypothesis, there is a significant effect of CLT on students’ speaking skill is accepted. The second hypothesis, there is a significant effect of vocabulary mastery on students’ speaking skill is also accepted. While the third hypothesis, there are the effects of teaching method using CLT and vocabulary mastery on students’ speaking skill is rejected.
Health and culture: A critical analysis based on studies conducted on older Asian-New Zealanders
Authors: Montayre Jed
Published: May 2019

New Zealand is an ethnically diverse nation. The number of overseas-born New Zealanders are increasing and migration pathways have added to the cultural diversity of New Zealand’s population. Acknowledging the health complexities experienced by older adults belonging to diverse cultural backgrounds is a growing research interest. This article aims to discuss the specific overlays between health and culture in the case of older Asian-New Zealanders by unpacking, presenting and critically analysing selected New Zealand studies. Based on this critical analysis, health-seeking behaviours and engagement with the healthcare system in New Zealand were influenced by cultural beliefs, traditional family values and the use of mainstream language. Understanding the overlaps between health and culture of the ageing ethnic groups is complex yet useful for health institutions. Furthermore, understanding the perspectives of ageing among ethnic and migrant groups within the context of cultural diversity is enhanced by considering an ethno-specific approach.
HIV/AIDS among young women in Malawi: A review of risk factors and Interventions
Authors: Nyalapa McDonald William , Conn Cath
Published: May 2019

Young women aged 10-24 years in Malawi currently experience HIV prevalence of about 5%.  This high HIV prevalence amongst young women reflects a heart-breaking feature of the serious epidemic in southern Africa for the past five years. Given the serious situation it is vital to understand the risk factors faced by young women of Malawi, and further understanding of the interventions necessary to address the problem. A narrative review set out to explore the literature, retrieved from institutional reports and peer-reviewed publications, on the factors increasing young women’s vulnerability to HIV in Malawi, and on interventions aimed at reducing their risk. Young women in Malawi are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection as a result of poverty, harmful gender norms, and economic and social inequities. Whilst there are some interventions in place, in the face of such a disproportionately difficult social and socio-economic environment, lack of resources and other systemic gaps, these are not sufficiently effective. Given the scale of the problem and the difficult environment experienced by young women, effective HIV prevention interventions remain critical. Further research is required to establish appropriate and effective interventions, and to address the social determinants of health, especially in relation to gender and rights.
Pedagogía feminista para la transformación
Authors: Cano Julieta Evangelina
Published: May 2019

En este artículo se describe y se analiza, desde una perspectiva de género feminista, la propuesta pedagógica del Diploma de Operador/a Social en Prevención de Violencias de Género y Promoción de la Equidad, una diplomatura de pregrado que se desarrolló entre septiembre de 2014 y agosto de 2015. Desde un abordaje de estudio de caso, la autora da cuenta de la experiencia de la comisión 2 que se dictó en la Universidad Nacional de Quilmes (UNQUI).
Grupos temáticos de la Red Internacional de Historiógrafos de la Comunicación. Fortalecer la investigación desde el enfoque interdisciplinario
Authors: Mena Méndez Dariel , Meza Maya Clara Victoria , Ferrán Fernández Yamilé
Published: May 2019

En el presente trabajo se describen los criterios que guiaron la conformación de los grupos temáticos de la Red Internacional de Historiógrafos de la Comunicación, una organización académica de investigación constituida en 2016, en línea con la estrategia seguida en los últimos años por múltiples organizaciones profesionales y académicas para impulsar los diálogos inter y transdisciplinares.
Sobre arte y trascendencia: Educar desde la cultura más allá de ella
Authors: Espinosa Zárate Zaida
Published: May 2019

Si los estudios más recientes sobre la creatividad humana se han centrado mayoritariamente en su dimensión utilitaria, en este caso vamos a entenderla como fin en sí misma, esto es, como acción asociada a la capacidad artística en sentido etimológico, relacionada con cualquier producir, ya sea de lo bello o de lo útil, y que, aunque procesual en su consecución, parte de una captación o comprensión inmediata o ajena al tiempo, de modo que puede concebirse también, en consecuencia, en cierta medida al margen de los resultados, más o menos logrados, a los que conduzca. Desde esta perspectiva se pone la acción creadora en relación directa con el desarrollo pleno de la personalidad del individuo y se entiende como acción abierta al perfeccionamiento de su potencialidad natural y necesitado de ella a través de una labor educadora que sea apropiada para que el sujeto creador, a través de su arte, no sólo se quede en él, sino que pueda ir más allá de sí mismo. En estos términos adquiere sentido plantear la relación entre arte, o cultura en general —y la creatividad que lleva consigo—, y trascendencia, para analizar el alcance —¿inmanente?, ¿trascendente?— de la acción creadora y de sus productos y, por tanto, sus límites expresivos. Se plantea que, para llevar a cabo una educación para la presencia en todos sus sentidos, hacen falta dos cosas: en primer lugar, un peculiar saber mirar las obras del hombre para no quedarse sólo en ellas, lo cual no significa en absoluto renunciar o prescindir de ellas, sino tomarlas en la medida en que me permiten ver más allá de sí. Y, en segundo lugar, aprender a querer bien lo que merece la pena ser elegido, para lo cual hay que explorar la dimensión volitiva humana.
Pentacyclic triterpenoids and polyphenols accumulation in cell suspension culture of Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach
Authors: Kikowska Małgorzata , Włodarczyk Agata , Stochmal Anna , Żuchowski Jerzy , Thiem Barbara
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Callus and cell suspension cultures are widely applied in investigation of production of high-value secondary metabolites, which may be used as cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Plant cell cultures are promising alternative to intact plant sources for the production of plant-derived drugs of industrial importance.

Objective: The aim of the study was to (i) initiate the cell suspension culture of Chaenomeles japonica from homogenous and uniform callus, (ii) stabilize the selected line and (iii) verify its ability to produce the desired groups of secondary metabolites – pentacyclic triterpenoids and polyphenols.

Methods: To establish a cell suspension culture, stabilized and homogeneous callus was selected. Cell cultures were systematically passaged every 2 weeks to fresh liquid medium with the same composition. Biomass from cultures at the growth phase and stationary phase was designated for phytochemical research. UHPLC-DAD-MS analyzes were performed. At the same time, their macroscopic and microscopic observations were carried out.

Results: Cells of suspension culture line A2 were characterized by the intense divisions. Cell culture extracts (both from the growth phase and stationary phase) contained pentacyclic triterpenoids. In addition, phe-nolic compounds (chlorogenic acid and proanthocyanidins type B) and in a small amount also epicatechin are present in the extract of the cells harvested from the growth phase. In the present studies, three pentacyclic triterpenoids were detected and quantified in the extracts of cell suspensions and callus line A2. Ursolic and oleanolic acids were the main triterpenoids in the studied extracts. The cell suspension culture from the growth phase exhibited the highest content of ursolic, oleanolic, and betulinic acid (separately and together).

Conclusion: The cell suspension culture of Chaenomeles japonica is a promising source of pentacyclic triterpenoids.
The optimization of extraction process of white mulberry leaves and the characteristic bioactive properties its powder extract
Authors: Przygoński Krzysztof , Wojtowicz Elżbieta
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Powder extracts from white mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) are desirable due to their simplicity of use. Powders intended for use in food and dietary supplements can be obtained by various methods, including water extraction and spray drying.

Objective: The aim of the work was to optimize the aqueous process of extraction of white mulberry leaves and characterization of bioactive properties of the obtained extract powder.

Methods: The DNJ and flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) contents and were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Total phenolic contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent and antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH assays.

Results: The mulberry leaf extraction process has been optimized. The obtained powdered mulberry leaf extract proved to be a good source of bioactive compounds. Characteristic phenolic compounds detected in mulberry leaves and their powder extract were quercetin and kaempferol. The sum of polyphenols was 10.9 mg GAE/g dry matter in the raw material, whereas in the powder extract 42.6 mg GAE/g dry matter. In addition, it was found that the obtained powdered extract is characterized by a five-fold higher, in comparison to the raw material, the content of antioxidant activity measured by ABTS and DPPH tests. The content of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) in the powder extract was nearly four times higher than in dry mulberry leaves.

Conclusion: The optimized process of water extraction of white mulberry leaves allows to keep valuable bioactive components and to obtain their high concentration.
Luminescent properties of a novel reddish-orange phosphor Eu-activated KLaSiO4
Authors: Feng Guo , Jiang Wei-Hui , Liu Jian-Min
Published: May 2019

A novel reddish-orange emitting phosphor Eu-activated KLaSiO4 was synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction at 1200 °C. The luminescence properties of KLaSiO4:Eu phosphor were investigated, and the critical concentration of the activator ion (Eu3+) was established as 0.02 mol per formula unit. Chromaticity coordinates of a typical KLa0.98SiO4:0.02Eu phosphor were x = 0.614 and y = 0.385. The phosphor exhibited reddish-orange luminescence with dominating emission at 612 nm, corresponding to 5D0 → 7F2 of Eu3+. Furthermore, the phosphor was characterized by excellent thermal stability, implying its potential use in white light emitting diodes.
Do Financial Performance And Firm Value Can Improve Corporate Responsibility Disclosure?
Authors: M. Fadel Variza Dini Wahjoe Hapsari, Willy Sri Yuliandhari,
Published: May 2019

The aims of this research are to find out how the effect of financial performance is proxied by ROA and ROE on the firm value which is proxied by Tobin's Q with CSR that is proxied by cost allocation as moderating the plantation sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2013-2016. This research will seek the causes of whether CSR data allocation is able to strengthen or weaken the influence of financial performance on firm value. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, and eight companies were selected as samples of plantations with a four-year research period to obtain 32 sample units. The analytical method used is descriptive statistical testing, panel data regression analysis and moderated regression analysis (MRA) using e-views software 9.0 versions. Based on the result of the test, the financial performance variables that are proxied by ROA and ROE partially and simultaneously have a significant positive effect on firm value. While the MRA showed that CSR weakens the relationship between financial performance and company value. Based on the result that the companies and investors need to pay attention to the composition of financial performance and disclosure of corporate social responsibility, hence the investor is able to minimize the risks that will be borne when investing their capital.
Os professores formadores do curso de Pedagogia do Sistema ACAFE e a formação continuada na inclusão de acadêmicos com deficiência
Authors: Ramos da Cruz Cardozo Fabiana , Ribeiro Sonia Maria
Published: May 2019

Este estudo visa conhecer, pelas vozes dos docentes de Pedagogia da Associação Catarinense das Fundações Educacionais – ACAFE, como ocorre a formação dos professores para a inclusão de estudantes com deficiência. Para isso, procedeu-se a uma abordagem qualitativa com a utilização de um questionário como instrumento para coleta de dados, configurando-se como uma pesquisa do tipo survey. Participaram 134 professores dos cursos de Pedagogia do Sistema ACAFE, atuantes em 2015 na modalidade presencial. Os principais achados revelaram notória quantidade de professores que afirmaram não ter mantido contato, na formação inicial, com conteúdos relacionados à inclusão. Evidenciou-se que suas necessidades formativas atuais estão especialmente relacionadas à legislação/teorias sobre inclusão/educação especial/deficiência e didática/métodos de trabalho/estratégias de ensino. O estudo aponta para a formação continuada como um caminho que pode contribuir para a inclusão quando (re)constrói saberes e práticas docentes a partir de processos reflexivos permanentes acerca da função de ensinar.
Relações entre o esvaziamento da função simbólica e o desinteresse discente pelas rotinas escolares
Authors: Trevisan Marlon Dantas
Published: May 2019

O trabalho reflete sobre as causas históricas da crise escolar, destacando dentre elas a degeneração simbólica relativa aos conteúdos instrucionais. Procura-se demonstrar que tal aspecto semiótico apresenta relação com o desinteresse discente pelo aprendizado, comprometendo os resultados e mesmo a função social da escola. Em termos metodológicos, o escrito caracteriza-se como redescrição (Rorty, 1995). Para a análise histórica, perfilaram-se autores como Patto (1999) e Romanelli (2010), dentre outros; para as reflexões sobre linguagem, recorreu-se à filosofia de Dewey (1958) e Peirce (1977). Na conclusão, apontam-se as relações da degeneração simbólica com as causas históricas do insucesso da instituição educativa, propondo-se ao docente uma reflexão sobre os códigos pedagógicos praticados, com vistas ao resgate das linguagens, buscando-se novos significados para as rotinas escolares.
Individual and combined effects of antioxidant and salinity on germination characters of rice
Authors: A.E. Sharief A.A. Kandil, , Fatah Fatma M. Abd EL-
Published: May 2019

A germination experiment was carried out in rice to study the role played by various antioxidants on germination parameters under salt stress in some rice cultivars. The results indicated that the highest germination percentage, rate (days), index and speed were recorded in Sakha 106 cultivar. An increase in the concentration of salt from 100 mM to 300 mM resulted in a reduction in these parameters. Pretreatment of the seeds with Humic acid at 500ppm increased these studied parameters. All studied characters were affected by the interaction between rice cultivars, salinity concentrations and antioxidants. In general, the study suggested that antioxidant pretreatment in rice seeds  can be considered as a potential tool to enhance germination parameters under salinity stress, especially in rice Sakha 106 cultivars.
Simulation of the effect of short optical pulses on graphene
Authors: Панферов Анатолий Дмитриевич , Маханьков Алексей Владимирович
Published: May 2019

Особенности взаимодействия высокочастотных импульсных электрических полей с графеном в настоящее время являются предметом интенсивных исследований. В работе представлены результаты апробации программной системы моделирования таких процессов на примере ультракоротких лазерных импульсов оптического диапазона с различной поляризацией. Разрабатываемая авторами программная система построена на базе нового теоретического подхода с использованием квантового кинетического уравнения. Ключевым элементом модели является система обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений с нелинейно зависящими от времени и параметров задачи коэффициентами.

Необходимость анализировать поведение решений этой системы уравнений в области изменения нескольких параметров ведёт к полиномиальной сложности вычислений. Неизвестность характера параметрической зависимости решений требует нескольких итераций выбора покрывающих сеток. Система моделирования адаптирована для использования на массово параллельных вычислительных системах.
Simulation of the effect of short optical pulses on graphene
Authors: Panferov Anatolii Dmitrievich , Makhankov Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: May 2019

The interaction of high-frequency pulsed electric fields with graphene is currently the subject of intense research. The paper presents the results of testing a software system for modeling such processes using the example of ultrashort laser pulses of the optical range with different polarizations. The authors develop the system on a base of a new theoretical approach based on the quantum kinetic equation. The approach contains a computational model for a new system of ordinary differential equations with non-linearly dependent on time and problem parameters coefficients.

The need to analyze the behavior of solutions of this system of equations in the field of changing several parameters leads to the polynomial computational complexity. The lack of knowledge of the nature of the parametric dependence of solutions requires several iterations of the choice of covering grids. The paper describes the adaptation of this modeling system for use in massively parallel computing systems.
Magnetic Anisotropy in Divalent Lanthanide Complexes
Authors: Ungur Liviu , Chibotaru Liviu , Zhang Weibing , Muhtadi Almas
Published: May 2019

We report here high-level ab initio calculations for [LnO], Ln=Tb, Dy, Ho, which show that divalent lanthanides can exhibit equally strong magnetic anisotropy and magnetization blocking barriers.
Impact of Surface Hydrophobicity and Salinity on the Adsorption of Humic Acids
Authors: Yuan Duowei , Cadien Ken , Liu Qi , Zeng Hongbo
Published: May 2019

The adsorption of humic acids on thiol-functionalized gold surfaces with varying hydrophobicity under different solution conditions, was investigated by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and contact angle measurements.
A Plug-and-Play Approach for the De Novo Generation of Dually Functionalised Bispecifics
Authors: Maruani Antoine , Szijj Peter A. , Bahou Calise , Nogueira João C. F. , Caddick Stephen , Baker James R. , Chudasama Vijay
Published: May 2019

Diseases are multifactorial, with redundancies and synergies between various pathways. However, most of the antibody-based therapeutics in clinical trials and on the market interact with only one target thus limiting their efficacy. The targeting of multiple epitopes could improve the therapeutic index of treatment and counteract mechanisms of resistance. To this effect, a new class of therapeutics emerged: bispecific antibodies.Bispecific formation using chemical methods is rare and low yielding and/or requires a large excess of one of the two proteins to avoid homodimerisation. In order for chemically prepared bispecifics to deliver their full potential, high-yielding, modular and reliable cross-linking technologies are required. Herein, we describe a novel approach not only for the rapid and high-yielding chemical generation of bispecific antibodies from native antibody fragments, but also for the site-specific dual functionalisation of the resulting bioconjugates. Based on orthogonal clickable functional groups, this strategy enables the assembly of functionalised bispecifics with controlled loading in a modular and convergent manner.
SuSMoST: Surface Science Modeling and Simulation Toolkit
Authors: Akimenko Sergey , Anisimova Galina , Fadeeva Anastasiia , Fefelov Vasilii , Gorbunov Vitaly , Kayumova Tatiana , Myshlyavtsev Myshlyavtsev , Myshlyavtseva Marta , Stishenko Pavel
Published: May 2019

We offer the scientific community the Surface Science Modelling and Simulation Toolkit (SuSMoST), which includes a number of utilities and implementations of statistical physics algorithms and models. With SuSMoST one is able to predict or explain the structure and thermodynamics properties of adsorption layers. SuSMoST automatically builds formal graph and tensor-network models from atomic description of adsorption complexes. So it can be routinely used for a wide class of adsorption systems. SuSMoST aids ab initio calculations of interactions between adsorbed species. In particular it generates surface samples considering symmetry of adsorption complexes. Using methods of various nature SuSMoST generates representative samples of adsorption layers and computes its thermodynamics quantities such as mean energy, coverage, density, heat capacity. From these data one can plot phase diagrams of adsorption systems, assess thermal stability of self-assembled structures, simulate thermal desorption spectra, etc.
Microwave-Assisted Decarbonylation of Biomass-Derived Aldehydes Using Pd-Doped Hydrotalcites
Authors: An Nan , Ainembabazi Diana , Samudrala Kavya , Reid Christopher , Wilson Karen , Lee Adam , Voutchkova-Kostal Adelina
Published: May 2019

Here we report the synthesis, characterization and activity of tunable Pd-doped hydrotalcites (Pd-HTs) for the decarbonylation of furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes under microwave conditions. The decarbonylation activity reported is a notable improvement over prior heterogeneous catalysts for this process. Furfural decarbonylation is optimized in a benign solvent compatible with biomass processing - ethanol, under relatively mild conditions and short reaction times. HMF selectively affords excellent yields of furfuryl alcohol with no humin formation, but longer reaction can also afford furan via tandem alcohol dehydrogenation and decarbonylation. Yields of substituted benzaldehydes are related to calculated Mulliken charge of the carbonyl carbon. The activity and selectivity differences can be traced to loading-dependent differences in Pd speciation on the catalysts. Poisoning studies show inverse correlation between Pd loading and metal leaching: Pd-HTs with lowest Pd loading, which consist of highly dispersed and oxidized Pd species, operate heterogeneously with negligible metal leaching. Recycling experiments are consistent with this trend, offering potential for further optimization to improve robustness.
Consumo de carne vermelha e processada, resistência insulínica e diabetes no Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil)
Authors: Aprelini Carla Moronari de Oliveira , Luft Vivian Cristine , Meléndez Gustavo Velásquez , Schmidt Maria Inês , Mill José Geraldo , Molina Maria del Carmen Bisi
Published: May 2019

Objetivo. Investigar a associação entre consumo de carne vermelha e processada e a ocorrência de novos casos de resistência insulínica (RI) e diabetes mellitus (DM) em participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil).

Métodos. Estudo de coorte com 15 105 servidores públicos (idade: 35 a 74 anos). Dados bioquímicos, antropométricos, socioeconômicos e de estilo de vida foram coletados na linha de base (2008–2010) e na segunda onda (2012–2014). O consumo de carnes (g/dia) foi estimado por questionário de frequência alimentar. Para categorizar baixo, médio e alto consumo as variáveis independentes foram divididas em tercis. DM foi diagnosticado como glicemia de jejum ≥ 126 mg/dL, glicose pós-sobrecarga ≥ 200 mg/dL ou hemoglobina glicada ≥ 6,5. RI foi determinada pelo índice HOMA-IR com pontos de corte construídos a partir do percentil 75 da amostra.

Resultados. Homens e participantes com menor renda e escolaridade relataram maior consumo de carne vermelha e processada. Maior consumo de carne processada (último tercil, > 27,1 g/dia) associou-se a novos casos de RI em homens (OR = 1,68; IC95%: 1,31 a 2,16) e mulheres (OR = 1,23; IC95%: 1,00 a 1,52). Alto consumo de carne vermelha aumentou em 40% (IC95%: 1,04 a 1,96) a chance de novos casos de DM em homens.

Conclusões. O consumo elevado de carne vermelha e processada teve impacto negativo na saúde dos participantes. O consumo moderado de carnes pode ser recomendado para a população em geral e para prevenção do DM.
ANALISIS HASIL ASSESMEN DIAGNOSTIK KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIKA SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN DIMENSI TIGA TIPE TPS KELAS X
Authors: Haryanti Sri
Published: May 2019

This study aims to find out: the initial ability of students' mathematical communication; TPS type learning process accompanied by diagnostic analysis; analysis of student difficulties; effectiveness of TPS-type learning accompanied by diagnostic analysis; and students' mathematical communication skills after TPS type learning is accompanied by diagnostic analysis. The scope of the learning material in this study is the Three Dimensions for class X students. This type of research is mixed methods with concurrent embedded research designs. Qualitative methods as primary methods, while quantitative methods as secondary methods. Samples in qualitative research were taken by purposive sampling technique. Samples in quantitative research were taken by cluster random sampling technique. The research data was collected through questionnaires and written tests. Questionnaire data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and test data were analyzed by proportion test, Uni Anova and Gain test. The results showed that 1) The initial ability of mathematical communication of students is still below the minimum completeness criteria. Student responses are low; 2) TPS type learning process accompanied by diagnostic analysis is carried out through three stages of think-pair-share; 3) TPS type learning accompanied by effective diagnostic analysis is evident from mathematical communication that achieves completeness, increases and is significantly better than the control group; 4) The difficulty of most students is not paying attention to the notation and not being careful in calculating; 5) Students' mathematical communication skills after TPS type learning accompanied by diagnostic analysis in the upper, middle and lower groups have been able to express mathematical ideas, have been able to draw according to the problems given and write mathematical notations are still lacking.
Geleneksel Düzce-Konuralp Evlerinin Yapı Elemanları
Authors: NALDAN Funda
Published: May 2019

Düzce iline bağlı Konuralp yerleşimi, Düzce - Akçakoca yolu üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Düzce ve çevresi konut mimarisi bakımından zengin bir yöre olmasına rağmen bu yörenin eserleri yeterince incelenmemiştir. Tarihte önemli bir yerleşim ve kültür merkezi olan Konuralp’in, farklı yönlerden araştırılmış olmasına karşın geleneksel evlerine değinilmediği görülmüştür. İl kültür envanterinde yapıların birkaçı tescil edilmiştir. Ev mimarisi bakımından pek çok yöre ile benzer özellik gösteren Konuralp yerleşiminde geleneksel Türk ev mimarisinin özelliklerini görmek mümkündür. Çalışmamızda yapı elemanları bakımından değerlendirilen Konuralp evleri 20. yy. başlarına tarihlendirilmiştir. Evler, taşıyıcı sistem, cephe ve örtü düzenleri, malzeme ve teknik bakımından incelenmiştir. Süslemeden uzak, sade bırakılan cephelerde duvar örgüsünü görmek mümkündür. Bu çalışma yöredeki yapı elemanları ile ilgili genel bir fikir vermesi ve bazı yapıların ilk kez belgelenmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Belgeler Işığında Hınıs Ulu Camii’nin Tarihlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞEN Korkmaz
Published: May 2019

Hınıs Ulu Camii, Erzurum ili, Hınıs ilçesi, Eski Hınıs, Dere Mahallesi’nde, tarihî Hınıs Kale’sinin eteğinde yer almaktadır. Bitlis ili, Güroymak ilçesinde tesadüfen bulunan Mirza Paşa’nın oğlu Abdurrahman Paşa’ya ait mezar taşı üzerinde yer alan bilgilerin irdelenmesi sonucu Hınıs Ulu Camii’nin yeniden değerlendirilmesi gerektiği anlaşılmıştır. Hınıs Ulu Camii birçok bilimsel yayına konu olmuştur. Ancak şimdiye kadar bu caminin Muş beylerinden Alaaddin Bey tarafından 1734 yılında medreseyle birlikte inşa edildiği ve bir vakıf eseri olduğu belirtilmiştir. Arşiv belgeleri ışığında mezar taşında yer alan tarihi şahsiyetlerin önemi ortaya konmaya çalışılırken aslında bu caminin Osmanlı merkezî hükümeti tarafından atanan Murat Paşa Oğlu Mirza Paşa tarafından yaptırıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu belgelerden Alaaddin Bey’in 1734 yılında Muş beyi olmadığı ve Hınıs’ın 1800’lü yılların başında Muş beyleri tarafından idare edildiği anlaşılmıştır. Arşiv belgelerinden bu caminin mescit olarak yapıldığı, cemaatin Cuma namazında, ramazan ve Kurban Bayramlarında namaz kılacak yer bulamaması ve başka bir ibadet mekânının olmaması nedeniyle sonradan camiye çevrildiği anlaşılmıştır. Bu makalede, yaklaşık altmış yıldır yanlış tarihlenen ve banisi yanlış bilinen Hınıs Ulu Camii’nin doğru bir şekilde tanıtılması amaçlanmaktadır.
Banksy’nin Sotheby’s Galerisi’nde Gerçekleştirdiği Performansın Bir Olgu Olarak Sanat Tarihi Sürecindeki Yeri
Authors: ORAL Bülent
Published: May 2019

Bu makalede sanat tarihi süreci içinde gerçekleşen gelişmelerde belirleyici olan kimi sanatçıların ortaya koydukları sanat yaklaşımları ile elde ettikleri konum Banksy’nin konu olan performansını konumlandırmamıza temel oluşturacak şekilde kısaca irdelenmiş;  Banksy’nin dayandığı düşünsel zemin, bazı düşünürlerin sanata ilişkin fikirleriyle desteklenmiştir. Makale Banksy’nin tanınan bir tablosu üzerinden gerçekleştirdiği performansıyla süreç içinde gerçekleşen gelişmeler, tepkiler ve sanat yapıtının ele alınış biçiminin ortaya çıkardığı sürecin kuramsal bir değerlendirmesini içermektedir. Böylece sanat yapıtının oluşma süreci, yapıtın sanatçı, sanat eleştirmeni ve izleyici açısından değişkenliği ile yapıtla birlikte ortaya konan performansın sanat tarihi süreci içindeki yeri belirlenmeye çalışılmaktadır. Banksy, yapıtlarında genellikle dünyada gerçekleşen siyasal ve sosyal olayların ortaya çıkardığı sonuçları eleştirel bir dil ile ele alan, protest kimliğe sahip bir sanatçıdır. Başlangıçta seçkin sanat çevrelerinde dikkate değer bulunmasa da halkın önemli bir kesiminde adeta modern Robin Hood’a dönüşen tavrı ile sempati kazanmıştır. Sanatçı bir müzayedede satışa sunduğu Balonlu Kız yapıtıyla gerçekleştirdiği performansla ilgi odağı olmuş, sanat çevrelerinde geniş yankı uyandırmıştır. Banksy’nin bu performansı postmodern dönemin sanat anlayışındaki kırılganlık, değişkenlik ve süreklilik nedeniyle sanat eleştirmenleri, izleyiciler ve medyanın yanı sıra bizatihi sanatçının dahil olduğu bakış ile düşünce zeminini yaratmıştır. Banksy’nin Balonlu Kız adlı ilk grafiti çalışması bir köprünün ayağını oluşturan duvara şablonla çizilen bir yapıt iken onu bir tabloya, ardından müzayedenin gözde bir nesnesine, oradan da seçkin sanat çevrelerindeki tartışmanın merkezine götüren şey bu performansın bir olgu olarak sanat sürecindeki yerini ve önemini sorgulatmıştır. Gerçekleştirdiği performansın ortaya çıkardığı süreç bir düşünceyi yeni bir perspektifle ifade etmeyi amaçlamış olsa da sanatçının umduğundan farklı gelişmeler, amaçladığının ötesinde yeni bir durum ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Caracterización socioeconómica, geográfica y laboral de los médicos dermatólogos en Colombia
Authors: Avellaneda Carlos Fabián , Seidel Ángela , Londoño Ángela , González César
Published: May 2019

El Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud de Colombia ha repercutido profundamente en la forma como se prestan los servicios de salud, incluyendo las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores del sector salud. El mercado laboral del sector salud sufrió modificaciones importantes que incluyen el cambio en los aspectos relacionados con la contratación, los salarios y las condiciones de trabajo de los profesionales. Con el presente estudio se pretende hacer una descripción o aproximación de la situación socioeconómica, geográfica y laboral de los dermatólogos en Colombia Este es un estudio descriptivo que se llevó a cabo entre febrero y agosto del 2011, de los dermatólogos adscritos a la Asociación Colombiana de Dermatología y Cirugía Dermatológica (Asocolderma) y los residentes de Dermatología, en el que se obtuvieron datos socioeconómicos, laborales y geográficos, entre ellos la distribución etaria y por sexo, así como las ciudades con mayor presencia laboral de dermatólogos, el régimen del sistema en que se desempeñan y el tipo de contratación en la que se desenvuelven.Esta recopilación de datos, de la cual no hay antecedentes en el país, constituye la muestra más grande que se analizado hasta la fecha para determinar la caracterización social, demográfica e incluso económica de los dermatólogos en  Colombia, y este estudio servirá de base para la adecuada toma de decisiones en las diferentes esferas que enmarcan el estudio y ejercicio de la Dermatología en nuestro país.
Onicomicosis: afección común de difícil tratamiento
Authors: Mendoza Natalia , Palacios Claudia , Cardona Nora , Gómez Luz Marina
Published: May 2019

La onicomicosis es la enfermedad más frecuente de las uñas. Es una infección de la unidad ungular causada por dermatofitos, mohos y levaduras, de los cuales, los primeros son los agentes causales más frecuentes a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, la epidemiología puede variar de acuerdo con la ubicación geográfica y el clima. En el presente manuscrito se presenta una revisión de la literatura científica sobre la epidemiología, las presentaciones clínicas, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las onicomicosis.
Cierre parcial con sutura subcuticular continua y cicatrización por segunda intención: una técnica útil en cirugía dermatológica
Authors: Montes Germán , Van den Enden Lucía , Vélez Consuelo
Published: May 2019

La resección de lesiones cutáneas generalmente resulta en defectos ovales o redondos con varias opciones para su reparación. El cierre parcial con sutura subcuticular continua es una técnica que, sumada a la cicatrización por segunda intención, permite excelentes resultados cosméticos y funcionales. La integración de estas dos técnicas le permite al dermatólogo contar con una excelente herramienta de bajo costo, de fácil acceso y con una baja tasa de complicaciones.Objetivo. Caracterizar y promover el uso de esta técnica quirúrgica en la cirugía dermatológica, resaltando sus ventajas y resultados. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de serie de casos de lesiones dermatológicas que requerían manejo quirúrgico, cuyas características no permitieron su cierre primario y que reunían características para la aplicación de esta técnica. Se incluyeron pacientes de la consulta del posgrado de Dermatología de la Universidad de Caldas, de julio de 2011 a enero de 2013.Resultados. Se intervinieron 16 casos con defectos quirúrgicos cerrados mediante sutura subcuticular continua y cicatrización por segunda intención. El aspecto final de la cicatriz se clasificó entre bueno y excelente, y el tamaño de la cicatriz en todos los casos fue menor al del defecto quirúrgico inicial; no se presentaron eventos adversos de importancia.Conclusión. Aunque en cirugía dermatológica hay una variedad de opciones reconstructivas, en muchos casos, la opción más simple puede brindar los mejores resultados. La combinación de estas dos técnicas se convierte en una herramienta eficaz para el dermatólogo.
Cicatrices de acné, un reto terapéutico
Authors: Morales Nathalie , Aristizábal Ana María
Published: May 2019

Las cicatrices por acné son una complicación frecuente y con grandes implicaciones sociales y psicológicas en el individuo, por lo cual la atención debe estar dirigida al manejo oportuno y agresivo de las formas graves de acné evitando así, en lo posible, su aparición. Sin embargo, algunos de estos pacientes van a presentar dicha complicación aun con una intervención temprana; esto se debe a una alteración en la cicatrización y a la gravedad y duración del fenómeno inflamatorio. Para su tratamiento se cuenta con diferentes alternativas químicas, físicas y quirúrgicas que podrían ser una buena opción para mejorar la apariencia de la piel.
Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico, gravedad clínica y calidad de vida en pacientes con psoriasis del Hospital Universitario de La Samaritana
Authors: Rojas Rolando , Castellanos Héctor , Peñaranda Elkin
Published: May 2019

Introducción. Actualmente la psoriasis se reconoce como una enfermedad sistémica y con ello han surgido trabajos que la relacionan con otras entidades, entre ellas con el síndrome metabólico, el cual se asocia con un mayor riesgo de desarrollar eventos cardiovasculares. Las implicaciones sobre la calidad de vida de los individuos que padecen la enfermedad abarcan no solamente los aspectos físicos, sino también los psicológicos, sociales, sexuales y ocupacionales.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, en el que se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de psoriasis, a quienes se les calculó el Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) y el Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), y se les investigó la presencia de los componentes del síndrome metabólico con base en los criterios de la International Diabetes Federation (IDF) para poblaciones suramericanas.Resultados. Se incluyeron 52 pacientes –26 hombres y 26 mujeres– cuyo rango de edad se ubicó, principalmente, entre los 41 y los 64 años (69,2 %); la psoriasis fue leve en la mayoría, con el 67,3 %. El 84,6 % presentó compromiso de su calidad de vida. El síndrome metabólico estuvo presente en el 59,6 % y, la artritis psoriásica, en el 19,2 %.Conclusión. Los resultados de este estudio se convierten en una base referencial del comportamiento de la psoriasis en una población colombiana, sobre el que actualmente se cuenta con poca información.