bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marine Oil Pollution Monitoring Based on Morphological Attention U-Net Using SAR Images
Authors: Chang Lena , Chen Yi-Ting , Cheng Ching-Min , Chang Yang-Lang , Ma Shang-Chih
Published: September 2024

With the development of economy, maritime transportation has increased rapidly, which has had a significant impact on the marine environment and resources. In recent years, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has been widely used to observe maritime environmental incident. Through the large coverage area of SAR, marine environmental emergencies, especially oil pollution, can be better monitored and responded to. This study first proposed an improved Full-scale Aggregated MobileUNet (FA-MobileUNet) model to achieve more complete detection results of oil spill areas. The convolutional block attention module (CBAM) in FA-MobileUNet was modified based on morphological concepts. By introducing the morphological attention module (MAM), the improved FA-MobileUNet model can reduce the fragments and holes in the detection results, providing complete oil spill areas which were more suitable for describing the location and scope of oil pollution incidents. In addition, to overcome the inherent category imbalance of the dataset, label smoothing was applied in model training to reduce the model’s overconfidence in majority class samples while improving the model’s generalization ability. The detection performance of the improved FA-MobileUNet model reached 84.55% mIoU (mean Intersection over Union), which was 17.15% higher than that of the original U-Net model. The improved FA-MobileUNet model was then examined by some oil pollution incidents. According to the detection results, if the oil spill was suspected to be caused by a ship, the corresponding Automatic Identification System (AIS) data were collected based on the acquisition time and geo-location of the SAR image to search for the ship suspected of causing oil pollution. Finally, some oil pollution incidents in Taiwan marine area were collected to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model for marine oil pollution monitoring. Experimental results showed that the extent of the detected oil spill was consistent with the oil pollution area recorded in the incident reports.
Machine Learning for Profitability Prediction in Agribusiness Construction: A Novel Approach Using Vector Space Model and Kernel Ridge Regression
Authors: Smith Mary
Published: September 2024

In the dynamic realm of agribusiness construction, firms are striving to bolster their operational efficiency and profitability amidst the global shift from traditional farming to commercial agriculture. This transition has intensified the demand for sophisticated infrastructure development, presenting new challenges for commercial managers. A critical hurdle is the accurate estimation of profitability for prospective contracts, a task often reliant on intuition rather than data-driven methods. To address this, we propose the development of a mathematical model utilising machine learning techniques to predict contract profitability and identify influential factors. This model aims to aid in bid decision-making, financial forecasting, and enhancing competitiveness in the marketplace. Furthermore, it would provide valuable insights into how altering specific contract attributes might affect predicted profitability. The implementation of such a system necessitates close collaboration between IT professionals and construction executives. This study delineates the development of this predictive model, outlining the data analysis process and the application of machine learning algorithms to tackle this complex commercial challenge. The ultimate goal is to bridge the gap between intuitive estimation and data-driven prediction, thereby enhancing the financial performance and strategic decision-making capabilities of firms in the agribusiness construction sector.
Geoinformation Internet Platform for Interactive Charity Tourism in the Current Realities of Ukraine
Authors: SHCHERBAK Valeriia , DOROKHOVA Liudmyla , RIASHCHENKO Viktoriia , DOROKHOV Oleksandr , DJAKON Valentina , YERMOLENKO Oleksii
Published: September 2024

In the context of armed conflicts, regions often face infrastructure destruction and economic difficulties. The development of tourism can be a key factor in recovery and economic growth. Geospatial platforms for interactive charitable tourism offer a promising solution for attracting tourists and stimulating the development of affected regions. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of geospatial platforms for interactive charitable tourism as a tool for attracting tourists and promoting the recovery and development of regions affected by armed conflicts. The study employed regression and correlation analysis methods. The analysis revealed significant positive correlations for all variables. The correlation coefficient for audience reach was 0.75, for the effectiveness of attracting donations - 0.8, for the economic impact on the region - 0.9, for user interaction with the platform - 0.85, for platform sustainability - 0.78, and for social impact - 0.92. The t-statistic values exceeded the critical thresholds, and the p-values were below 0.05, confirming the statistical significance of the results. The coefficient of determination was 0.91, indicating a high explanatory power of the model. For the four obtained clusters, approaches to the development and use of geospatial platforms were justified. For regions of cluster 1 with high audience reach (0.75) and moderate effectiveness of attracting donations (0.8), it is recommended to use technologies to improve connectivity and effectively promote their strengths. For regions of cluster 2 with high sustainability and high tourism potential (high social impact = 0.92), it is necessary to include advanced geospatial solutions to increase visitor engagement and optimize recovery strategies, building on existing strengths to attract more tourists and stimulate sustainable development. For regions of cluster 3, significant investments are required both in geospatial platforms and in tourism infrastructure to benefit from high tourism potential (economic impact on the region = 0.9). Strategic development and targeted marketing should be a priority to attract tourists and stimulate economic growth. For regions of cluster 4 with low sustainability and tourism potential (low user interaction with the platform = 0.85 and platform sustainability = 0.78) require comprehensive support, as they are in a crisis situation.
Who Would Taste It? Exploring Decision-Making Styles and Intention to Eat Insect-Based Food among Italian University Students
Authors: Vanutelli Maria Elide , Adorni Roberta , Leone Paolo Alberto , Luperini Aldo , D’Addario Marco , Steca Patrizia
Published: September 2024

Background: Although insect-based foods (IBF) have been recently proposed as a way to face climate crisis and starvation, they encounter the aversion from Western countries which perceive fear, disgust, and high risk. The contribution of psychology research to food choices highlighted how decisions are taken not only through reasoned attitudes and goal-directed behavior, but also through more automatic associations (dual-systems models). Methods: In this paper we investigated people’s disposition towards IBF by combining (a) explicit attitudes (as assessed via self-report scales), (b) automatic associations (as measured via indirect measures), (c) intention to taste, and comparing different profiles based on (d) psychological factors, including decision-making style, food neophobia, and trust in science and scientist. A pilot sample of 175 Italian University students participated in the study. Results: The analyses on the general sample highlighted rather negative attitudes. The cluster analysis identified 4 decision-making profiles: “the gut-feeling”, “the suspicious”, “the vicarious”, and “the mind”. It revealed more favorable opinions in “the mind” profile, characterized by a rational decision-making style and high trust in science, and very aversive reactions from “the suspicious” profile, characterized by high food neophobia and low trust in science. Conclusions: The results underline the importance of psychological factors in interpreting people's reactions to IBF and changes in dietary habits based on the decision-making process. They suggest possible strategies to promote eco-friendly diets
Transformation of Organizational Behavior in Village Fund Management: Evaluation Study and Increasing the Effectiveness of Development Programs
Authors: Tampaip Beatus , Ohoiwutun Yosephina , Tjilen Alexander Phuk , Riyanto Pulung
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on evaluating and improving the effectiveness of village fund management in Merauke Regency, South Papua. Village fund management faces unique challenges due to the region's geographical and socio-economic conditions. Organizational behavior transformation is critical, particularly in addressing weaknesses in organizational structure, communication, work culture, and monitoring systems, to achieve sustainable development outcomes. A qualitative case study approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis between May and August 2024. Merauke Regency was selected for its diversity in management practices. Thematic analysis and triangulation techniques were used to ensure the reliability and validity of findings. The findings reveal that transforming the organizational structure from hierarchical to flexible team-based models, improving communication, and fostering a positive work culture significantly enhanced village fund management. These changes led to better coordination, responsiveness, efficiency, and transparency. Increased community participation and strengthened monitoring and evaluation also contributed to more effective development outcomes.This study provides practical recommendations for policymakers to design more sustainable and inclusive village fund management strategies. Data-driven and participatory approaches are crucial for maximizing development impacts and ensuring socio-economic benefits at the village level.
Fractal Calculus Facilitates Rethinking 'Hard Problems'; A New Research Paradigm
Authors: West BRUCE
Published: September 2024

This paper intoduces a non-standard research technique to clarify how complex phenomena, such as those that are abundantly present in human physiology, can be faithfully described using fractal dynamical models with and without stochastic forces. This method for conducting research involves tracing the his- torical evolution of understaning an empirical medical process faciltated by the fractal calculus perspective. Herein we trace the analysis of the time series for heart rate varability (HRV) developed for diagnosing the cardiovascular health of a patient. This is done herein by introducing four (one empirical which en- tails three theoretical fractal models) distinct but related fractal models each one introduced to solve a particular problem arising from a fundamental defect in the previous model but in generalizing a model at one stage to resolve the problem associated with the defect another is invariably introduced by the re- placement model. It is through the utilization of the fractional calculus that the necessity for rethinking how to systematically incorporate additonal layers of complexity are revealed ultimately resulting in a 'complete' description of its empirical dynamics in fractal terms.
Innovationology: A Transdisciplinary Science for Transformative Innovation and Sustainable Global Development
Authors: Moleka Pitshou
Published: September 2024

As a pioneering transdisciplinary field, innovationology transcends the traditional boundaries of academic disciplines and development practices to address persistent global challenges. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of innovationology, delving deep into its philosophical foundations, ontological commitments, and ethical imperatives. By unpacking the core tenets of this innovative approach, the paper positions it as a robust and holistic science capable of catalyzing transformative innovation and sustainable development worldwide. Innovationology represents a paradigm shift that moves beyond conventional innovation and development theories, embracing a systems-oriented, community-centric, and decolonial praxis. Drawing on a synthesis of theoretical perspectives and empirical insights, the article examines innovationology's ontological commitment to marginalized communities as active agents of change, its epistemological grounding in pluralistic knowledge systems, and its ethical imperatives of social justice, environmental sustainability, and inclusive innovation. This in-depth analysis strengthens the conceptual and theoretical foundations of innovationology, providing critical guidance for its practical implementation and continued refinement as a cutting-edge transdisciplinary science for global transformation.
Turbulent Energy and Carbon Fluxes in an Andean Montane Forest - Energy Balance and Heat Storage
Authors: Murkute* Charuta , Sayeed Mostafa , Pucha-Cofrep Franz , Rojas Galo Carillo , Homeier Jürgen , Limberger Oliver , Fries Andreas , Bendix Jörg , Trachte Katja
Published: September 2024

High mountain rainforests are vital in the global energy and carbon cycle. Understanding the exchange of energy and carbon plays an important role to reflect responses to climate change. In this study, an eddy-covariance (EC) measurement system installed in the high Andean Mountains of South Ecuador was used. As EC measurements are affected by heterogeneous topography and vegetation height, the main objective was to estimate the effect of the sloped terrain and the forest on the turbulent energy and carbon fluxes considering the energy balance closure (EBC) and the heat storage. The results showed that the performance of the EBC was generally good and estimated to be 79.5%. This could be improved when the heat storage effect was considered. Based on the variability of the residuals in the diel modifications in the imbalances were highlighted. Particularly, during daytime residuals were largest (56.9 W/m² on average) with a clear overestimation. At nighttime mean imbalances were rather weak (6.5 W/m²) and mostly positive, while strongest underestimations developed in the transition period to morning hours (down to -100 W/m²). With respect to the Monin-Obukhov stability parameter ((z-d)/L) and the friction velocity (u*) it was revealed that largest overestimations evolved in weak unstable and very stable conditions associated with large u* values. In contrast, underestimation was related to very unstable conditions. The estimated carbon fluxes were independently modelled with a non-linear regression using a light-response relationship and reached a good performance (R²=0.52). All fluxes were additionally examined in the annual course to estimate whether both, energy and carbon fluxes, resembled the microclimatological conditions of the study site. This unique study demonstrated that EC measurements provide valuable insights into land surface -atmosphere interactions and contribute to our understanding of energy and carbon exchanges. Moreover, the flux data provide an important basis to validate coupled atmosphere ecosystem models.
Nitrogen Assimilation, Biomass and Yield in Response to Application of Algal Extracts, Rhizobium sp. and Trichoderma asperellum, as Biofertilizers in Hybrid Maize
Authors: Pérez-Álvarez Sandra , Ochoa-Chaparro Erick H. , Anchondo-Páez Julio César , Escobedo-Bonilla César M. , Rascón-Solano Joel , Magallanes-Tapia Marco A. , Uranga-Valencia Luisa Patricia , Hernández-Campos Reinier , Sánchez Esteban
Published: September 2024

Nitrogen is essential for plant growth, yield and crop quality, and its deficiency limits food production worldwide. In addition, excessive fertilization and inefficient use of N can increase production costs and cause environmental problems. A possible solution to this problem is the application of biofertilizers, which improve N assimilation and enhance biomass and yield. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of the application of the combination of green and red algal (Ulva lactuca, Solieria spp.), Rhizobium sp., Trichoderma asperel-lum and the combination of the above three biofertilizers on N assimilation. A completely ran-domized design was carried out with 10 plants per treatment and five treatments: T1=control; T2=algal extracts; T3=Rhizobium sp.; T4=T. asperellum; T5=T2+T3+T4. Analyses showed that the Rhi-zobium sp. treatment resulted in higher nitrate reductase enzyme activity quantified in maize leaves, which possibly favored more efficient phosphosynthetic activity, reflecting higher bio-mass accumulation and increased yield. The use of Rhizobium sp. showed increases in biomass (13.4%), yield (11.82%), SPAD values (12%), total chlorophyll (18.4%), carotenoids (13.6%), num-ber of leaves (11.4%) and plant height (11.27%) compared to the control. This results in nitrogen assimilation promises to be a key mechanism for sustainable agricultural practices in the future.
Rare Visual Token Enhancement Improves Registration and Few-Shot Change Detection in Remote Sensing Data
Authors: CHAN-HON-TONG Adrien
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces the self-supervised pretext task of rare visual token enhancement: given an image, the model is trained to push the rarest visual tokens far from all the others. This pretext task slightly-but-consistently improves baseline performances for both registration and few-shot change detection on OSCD, LEVIR-CD and S2looking.
Determinants of Supplier Risk Mitigation and Control in the Procurement of Goods and Services: A Review of Literature
Authors: Frimpong Barimah Atoapem
Published: September 2024

In today's interconnected global business landscape, companies face numerous risks, particularly from their supply chains. Supplier disruptions can cause financial damages, inefficiencies, and reduced competitive edge, highlighting the need for robust supplier risk management. This paper scrutinizes recent studies on supplier risk management spanning 2020 to 2023. This review examines supplier risk management, focusing on supplier evaluation, payment terms, contract duration, and buyer-supplier collaboration as critical factors influencing risk mitigation and control in the procurement of goods and services. Through a systematic literature review, the study identifies the multifaceted nature of supplier risks, including production delays, quality issues, and financial challenges. It underscores the importance of proactive risk identification, comprehensive supplier evaluation, strategic payment terms, appropriate contract durations, and robust buyer-supplier collaboration. Despite the benefits, challenges remain, such as understanding regulatory impacts and ensuring methodological consistency. This review contributes to the discourse on supplier risk management, offering insights for future research and practical applications to enhance resilience and operational efficiency in global supply chains. Based on the findings, future studies should concentrate on formulating holistic supplier risks management approaches that nurture buyer-supplier collaboration and harness innovative technologies to enhance risk management practices.
An Overview of Current and New Data Quality Dimensions under a Common Framework
Authors: Miller Russell , Whelan Harvey , Chrubasik Michael , Whittaker David , Duncan Paul , Gregório João
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of Data Quality terminology, revealing a significant lack of standardisation in the field. We propose a novel approach to aggregating disparate Data Quality terms used to describe the multiple facets of Data Quality, under common umbrella terms, with a focus on the ISO 25012 standard. Our aim is to design a Data Quality Data Model that serves as a universally applicable framework for Data Quality assessment. We introduce four additional Data Quality dimensions: Governance, Usefulness, Quantity, and Semantics, enhancing specificity, complementing the framework established by the ISO 25012 standard, and understanding of Data Quality aspects. The ISO 25012 standard, while tailored for software development, offers a foundation for the development of our proposed Data Quality Data Model. This is due to the prevalent nature of software development across a multitude of domains. In contrast, frameworks like ALCOA+ that are specific to certain domains lack the ability to be generalised. The model we propose can be seen as a "Rosetta Stone" for Data Quality terminology, facilitating a seamless communication of Data Quality between different domains when collaboration is required to tackle cross-domain projects or challenges.
Research on B4C/PEEK Composite Material Radiation Shielding
Authors: Li Hongxia , Guo Hongping , Tu Hui , Chen Xiao , Zeng Xianghua
Published: September 2024

There are various types of charged particles in the space environment, which can cause different types of radiation damage to materials and devices, leading to on-orbit failures and even accidents of spacecraft. Developing lightweight and efficient radiation shielding materials is an effective approach to improve the inherent protection of spacecraft. The protective performance of different materials against proton and electron spectra in the Earth’s radiation belts is evaluated by Geant4 simulation. Based on the simulation results, suitable hardening components are selected to design composite materials, and B4C/PEEK composites with different B4C content were successfully prepared. Experimental results demonstrate that the simulated and experimental results for the electron, proton and neutron shielding performance of B4C/PEEK composites are consistent. These composites exhibit excellent radiation shielding capabilities against electrons, protons and neutrons, and the radiation protection performance improves with increasing B4C content in the B4C/PEEK composite materials.
The Microbiome in COPD Exacerbations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bianca Domokos , Rohr Lea Vanessa , Todea Doina
Published: September 2024

COPD is a "heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms. It is a leading cause of death and illness and is associated with a substantial economic burden worldwide. Furthermore, it is marked by frequent exacerbations, which significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality, as well as the overall burden. These exacerbations are frequently triggered by bacterial infections.So far, the most commonly implicated Bacteria are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae.The advent of culture-independent techniques, such as next-generation sequencing techniques (NGS), allows us to characterise the lung microbiome in different disease states.
Lung Microbiome in Lung Cancer: Composition and Influence – A Systematic Review of Randomised and Non-randomised Trials
Authors: Sergiu Lucaciu , Bianca Domokos , Ruxandra Puiu , Victoria Ruta , Stefania Motoc Nicoleta , Ruxandra Rajnoveanu , Doina Todea , Anca Stoia Mirela , Man Adina Milena
Published: September 2024

To date, the percentage composition of the lung microbiome in bronchopulmonary cancer has not been summarized. Existing studies on identifying the lung microbiome in bronchopulmonary cancer through 16S rRNA sequencing have shown variable results regarding the abundance of bacterial taxa.
Objectives: To identify the predominant bacteria in the lung microbiome of bronchopulmonary cancer from samples collected through bronchoalveolar lavage and to assess their potential role in the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary cancers.
Data Sources: A systematic review of English articles using MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science. Search terms included lung microbiome, lung cancer, bronchoalveolar lavage.
Study Selection: Randomized clinical trials that investigated the lung microbiome in bronchopulmonary cancer with samples collected via bronchoalveolar lavage.
Data Extraction: Independent extraction of articles using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators.
Data Synthesis: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria, focusing on those that utilized a percentage expression of the microbiome at the phylum or genus level. There was noted heterogeneity between studies, both in terms of phylum and genus, with a relatively constant percentage of the Firmicutes phylum and the genera Streptococcus and Veillonella being mentioned. Significant differences were also observed regarding the inclusion criteria for study participants, the method of sample collection, and data processing.
Conclusions: To date, there is no consistent percentage pattern at the phylum or genus level in bronchopulmonary cancer, with the predominance of a phylum or genus varying across different patient cohorts, resulting in non-overlapping outcomes.
Evidence of Smallpox and Monkeypox Antibodies in Human Immunoglobulin Preparations: Implications for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Perrella Alessandro , Izzi Antonio , Visser Mayken
Published: September 2024

The resurgence of mpox, particularly in regions where the virus was previously non-endemic, has reignited interest in the cross-protective potential of smallpox antibodies. Given the genetic similarity between the mpox virus and variola virus (the causative agent of smallpox), antibodies generated against smallpox may offer a degree of protection against mpox. This study investigates the presence of smallpox and mpox antibodies in human immunoglobulin preparations containing IgG against both mpox virus and vaccinia virus using ELISA techniques. The implications of these findings for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) are discussed in light of the recent mpox outbreaks in Africa, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). Current data suggest that smallpox vaccination, even decades after eradication, may confer substantial protection against mpox, thereby serving as a critical tool in managing emerging outbreaks. Further the presence of mpox antibodies in immunoglobulin preparations was also significant. These findings strongly suggest the potential use of intravenous immunoglobulins preparation as possible therapeutic strategy. Particularly it also underscores the need for further research into the development of targeted post-exposure prophylaxis strategies that leverage the cross-reactivity of orthopoxvirus antibodies.
Effect of Temperature Over the Growth and Biofilm Formation of the Thermotolerant Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Hernández-Benítez José Alejandro , Santos-Ocampo Brenda Nallely , Rosas-Ramírez Daniel Genaro , Ramírez-Granillo Adrian , Bautista-Hernández Luis Antonio , Bautista-de Lucio Víctor Manuel , Pérez Nestor Octavio , Rodríguez-Tovar Aída Verónica
Published: September 2024

Aspergillus flavus is a medically relevant fungus, particularly in tropical regions. Thermotolerance is a key virulence factor as an opportunistic pathogen, as well as its ability to form biofilms, which can impact therapeutic outcomes. To know how temperature affects the growth and biofilm formation of an A. flavus isolate, we assessed its growth on solid media and described the morphological changes during conidial germination. We also examined formation and composition of in vitro biofilm incubated at different temperatures and compared the susceptibility of planktonic and biofilm cells to antifungal agents. Our results showed that temperature promotes conidiation on solid media. The radial growth was higher at 28 °C, but total conidia was higher at 37 °C, however, conidial density was stronger at 42 °C. Moreover, incubation at 37 °C accelerates conidial germination and is the optimal temperature for biofilm formation. We described four distinct phases in A. flavus biofilm development: initiation (0-12h), consolidation (12-48h), maturation (48-72h), and dispersion (>72h), where the presence of aspergillar heads was notable at 42 °C. Carbohydrates and proteins are the main components of the extracellular matrix. We observed lipid droplets within the biofilm hyphae, and mature biofilms are resistant to amphotericin B and itraconazole, with MICs exceeding 16 g/mL for both antifungals, regardless of the incubation temperature.
Development Of A Real-Time Object Detection Model For The Detection Of Secretly Cultivated Plants
Authors: Yılmaz Ali , Yurtay Yüksel , Yurtay Nilüfer
Published: September 2024

AYOLO differentiates itself with a new fusion architecture proposal that leverages the strengths of unsupervised learning and integrates the Vision Transformer approach, taking the YOLO series models as a reference. This innovation enables the model to effectively use rich, unlabeled data, providing a new example in pre-training methodology for YOLO architectures. On the benchmark COCO val2017 dataset, AYOLO demonstrates its superiority by achieving an impressive 38.7 % AP while maintaining an outstanding rendering speed of 239 FPS (Frame Per Second) on the Tesla K80 GPU. This performance outperforms the previous state-of-the-art YOLO v6-3.0 by a significant margin of +2.2 % AP while maintaining comparable FPS. AYOLO is presented as a demonstration of the potential of integrating complex information fusion techniques with supervised pretraining in improving the precision and speed of object detection models.
Knowledge, Perceptions and Behaviors among Women with Late Stage Cervical Cancer Attended at Bugando Medical Centre in Tanzania: Explorative Qualitative Study
Authors: Mvandal Samson Peter
Published: September 2024

Worldwide cervical cancer ranks the fourth most common cancer in women. In Tanzania, cervical cancer is the leading female malignancy, and a major cause of cancer related mortality and morbidity in women. More than 80% of women with cervical cancer, are diagnosed with late stage, in which curative treatment options are not available. To explore the knowledge, perceptions and behaviors among women with late-stage cervical cancer who attended Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) from November to December 2021. Explorative qualitative study was conducted from November to December 2021 at BMC, involving 11 participants who had late-stage cervical cancer. Purposive sampling was used to recruit information-rich participants. Data collection was done by using open ended In-depth interview guide. The guide contained information on social demographic characteristics, knowledge on cervical disease, perceptions towards cervical cancer symptoms, health care seeking behaviors. Data was transcribed and analysed manually by using thematic approach. The coded texts generated three themes and nine subthemes. The results showed that Participants had poor knowledge about cervical cancer disease, causes, risk factors, prevention measures and treatment options which had impact on the perceptions and health care seeking behaviors. Participants misinterpreted the symptoms with other urogenital conditions like fungus and urinary tract infection. Misconception about the symptoms and disease, long distance to health facilities and financial challenges hindered involvement in seeking biomedical intervention and witch doctors were given a priority. Findings from this study suggest a strong need of intensive health promotion efforts and education through mass media and outreaches to improve adequate and correct knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer disease, causes, symptoms, risk factors, prevention and treatment options. Health care providers and policy makers should include cervical cancer disease as a topic of everyday health education in the health facilities.
CS-Eval—A Concise Benchmark for Evaluating the Security Risks of Large Language Models
Authors: Zhang Yu , Gao Yongbing , Yang Lidong
Published: September 2024

Large language models (LLMs) are essential to the field of natural language processing, and as their applications expand, security risks have become increasingly prominent. This paper introduces a novel benchmark for evaluating LLMs security, termed CS-Eval, designed to effectively assess the models' ability to address vulnerabilities. CS-Eval targets seven key security risks: ethical dilemmas, marginal topics, error detection, detailed event handling, cognitive bias, logical reasoning, and privacy identification, and establishes a Multi-Security Hazard Dataset (MSHD). The evaluated models include GPT-4o, Llama-3-70B, Claude-3-Opus, ERNIE-4.0, Abab-6.5, Qwen1.5-110B, Gemini-1.5-Pro, Doubao-Pro, SenseChat-V5, and GLM-4. We analyzed each model's performance in relation to these security risks and provided recommendations for improvement. Experimental results demonstrate varying levels of effectiveness across models, with GPT-4o exhibiting the best overall performance. Moreover, the relationship between security enhancement and model capa-bility is nonlinear, indicating that improving safety requires a multifaceted approach, considering various factors in both development and application.
Propuesta para mejorar el control de inventarios de implementos de seguridad en una empresa constructora
Authors: Ahumada Figueroa Elmer , Chong Mario
Published: September 2024

La presente investigación surge de la necesidad de una empresa constructora del Perú de mejorar la gestión de los inventarios de los equipos de protección de personal (EPP) en uno de sus proyectos de construcción. Debido a que la compañía cuenta con procesos manuales que ralentizan sus operaciones, el objetivo de este trabajo es mejorar la eficiencia en la gestión y, consecuentemente, incrementar su productividad en los despachos. Se aplicó una metodología ya probada en otros estudios de caso donde se realizan cambios en la política de gestión e implementación de la tecnología de información y comunicación (TIC). Se analizó el flujo de actividades y se midieron los tiempos, teniendo un total de 34.5 minutos, se hizo una revisión de datos históricos de despachos, donde inicialmente se tenía a 150 personas por día y se propuso una inversión inicial de 11 960 USD en una TIC. Luego de la mejora del proceso, de cambios en la política de despachos y de la inversión en una TIC, se redujo el tiempo de atención en un 40.58 %, logrando llegar a 20.5 minutos en todo el proceso. Con los cambios en las políticas de gestión de almacenes y una inversión significativa se logró mejorar la atención de los despachos, haciendo al área de almacenes más eficiente y productiva.
Diagnóstico de salud ocupacional y legislación aplicable de planta TIF en empresa del sector alimentario
Authors: Cota Pardini Yuridia Belén , Urías Camacho Silvia Miriam , Osuna Armenta Marcos Octavio , Olivas Román Leiry Alexandra , Parra Moreno Mariana Guadalupe
Published: September 2024

La presente investigación se desarrolló en una empresa sinaloense dedicada a la elaboración de productos cárnicos derivados del puerco, que actualmente cuenta con la certificación Tipo Inspección Federal (TIF) en una de sus plantas, lo que avala los estándares de calidad e inocuidad en la producción de carne por parte de personal autorizado y capacitado. Sin embargo, recientemente la organización ha mostrado la necesidad de realizar un rediseño en la planta TIF, lo que generó la exigencia de actualizar todos los procesos e infraestructura para cumplir con los requerimientos normativos en materia de seguridad y salud ocupacional. Por lo tanto, este estudio se propuso determinar los factores de riesgos físicos y proponer acciones correctivas que los disminuyan. Para ello, se desarrolló la metodología AMFE-FINE (Análisis Modal de Fallos y Efectos), la cual facilita la identificación y prevención de modos de fallo de un producto o servicio. Se procedió a identificar cada evento adverso y su propuesta de acción correctiva para estudiarlos en una matriz de riesgo, considerando la probabilidad de ocurrencia, consecuencia y exposición y determinar el nivel de riesgo: alto, bajo o medio. Al identificar los eventos más riesgosos con su correspondiente acción correctiva o de mejora, se procedió a capacitar al personal y adecuar las instalaciones con el objetivo de aumentar la productividad y seguridad de los trabajadores.
An improved approach for generating summaries of judicial instruments
Authors: Guo Xiaoshan , Sun Hao , Hu Weifeng , Zhang Moyan , Chen Zhe , Zhao Qiang , Li Yujun , Song Baozhen
Published: September 2024

Summary generation technology can assist administrative law enforcement officers in grasping the core summary of administrative cases more quickly, which is one of the research focuses in the applied research of administrative justice. How to cope with the phenomenon of long-distance dependence on judicial documents and realize high-precision summary generation is an urgent problem to be solved at present.
We propose a segmented judicial instrument summary generation model to solve the long-distance dependency problem. The model adopts a two-segment structure combining an extractive summary model and a generative summary model. Among them, the extractive summarization model consists of two parts: the BERT model and the document-level sentence encoder of the Transformer structure, which is used to initially process the judicial documents, extract the key legal information in the original documents, and compose the preliminary summaries, which are used as the training corpus for the generative summarization model. In addition, we introduce the contrast learning idea to alleviate the exposure bias problem in the generative model. The generative summary model takes T5-PEGASUS as the main body, generates pseudo-optimal summaries and multiple candidate summaries, and constructs contrast loss based on contrast learning to mitigate the exposure bias problem in the main model. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through experiments on the CAIL 2020 dataset (Challenge of AI in Law 2020) and the self-labelled AED summary dataset dedicated to administrative enforcement documents (Administrative Enforcement Documents Dataset).
A community composting initiative to valorise kitchen biowaste in a Catalan Primary School: Process performance, greenhouse gases and VOC emission analysis.
Authors: González Daniel , García-Prats Marta , Moral-Vico Javier , Madrid-López Cristina , Sanchez Antoni
Published: September 2024

Composting is a wide-spread technology that allows the stabilisation of many types of organic waste and the subsequent obtention of an organic amendment with valuable fertilising properties for agriculture. In parallel of large-scale composting plants, decentralised composting systems, including house and community composting, have gained interest in recent years as a strategy to manage waste locally and avoid the need of waste collection and transportation in traditional centralised composting systems. In this study, a community composting system consisting of four 1 m3 modules was installed in a primary school and operated for over 130 days treating the biowaste generated in the kitchen and using pruning waste as a bulking agent. The respiration activity of the initial mixture and the final compost was analysed using dynamic DRI (0.6 and 0.3 g O2 kg− 1 OM h− 1, respectively) and static AT4 (21.4 and 6.2 g O2 kg− 1 OM, respectively) methods, and the compost produced was characterised. The emission factors for methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), greenhouse gases (GHG, including CH4 and N2O) and total volatile organic compounds (VOC) were estimated to be 0.10, 0.14, 41.01 and 1.43 g kg− 1 VS, respectively. The main VOC and VOC families emitted during the process were also characterised. These values are one of the few emission factors of community composting systems reported in the literature and can be used as a basis to demonstrate the value and efficiency of decentralised composting systems as an environmentally friendly alternative or complement to regular centralised composting facilities.
Joint Relational Triple Extraction Based on Multicore Convolutional Attention and Entity Topic Enhancement
Authors: Chen Zhe , Xing Sihao , Zhang Yinyang
Published: September 2024

Relation extraction is a fundamental task in natural language processing, usually tied to named entity recognition. While existing relational triple extraction methods can improve performance to some extent, these models tend to treat the identified entities as meaningless categorical labels, ignoring the thematic attributes embedded in the entities in a particular context. As a result, we propose a relationship extraction model called MCATE. The model is dedicated to mining the topic semantics of entities and assigning appropriate attention weights to entity vectors and full-text information. Specifically, we constructed two modules sequentially between the subtasks of Named Entity Recognition(NER) and Relationship Extraction(RE), named as Subject Topic Filter(STF) and Multicore Convolutional Semantic Fusion(MCSF). STF deeply refines the thematic information of the extracted entity vectors on the basis of NER, which will play an important role in entity-relationship matching. MCSF combines the local information where the entities are located with the full text content to further enrich the semantic features of the text. Extensive experiments on both NYT and WebNLG datasets show that our model indeed achieves an excellent performance.
The anti-war movement of the Japanese students in the 1960s
Authors:  Лим С.
Published: September 2024

В статье анализируется история студенческого движения 1960-х гг. в Японии. Память об огромных жертвах, понесенных японцами в Тихоокеанской войне 1941–1945 гг., обусловила антивоенный характер студенческой борьбы и ее раннее, в отличие от западноевропейского (студенческий бунт 1968 г.), начало (велась с начала 1960-х гг. против военного альянса Японии с США и войны во Вьетнаме). Ведущей организацией молодежи была Всеяпонская федерация органов студенческого самоуправления (Дзэнгакурен), не избежавшая раскола на фракции: умеренной Минсэй Дзэнгакурен (под влиянием КПЯ) и экстремистской Дзэнкёто (новые левые).

An anti-war character of the student’s struggle is due to the enormous sacrifices made by the Japanese in the Pacific War of 1941-1945. Unlike Western European student revolt of 1968, Japan's struggle against the military alliance with the USA dates from the beginning of the 1960s. The leading organization of Japanese universities was the All-Japan organization of student government – Zengakuren. It was not avoid a split into factions: moderate Minsey Zengakuren (influenced by JCP) and extremist Zenkёto ("The New Left").
Ivan Mikhailovich Grevs: on the cross of Vasileostrovsky locus
Authors:  Крейцер А.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена выдающемуся русскому историку-медиевисту Ивану Михайловичу Гревсу. Речь идет о его вкладе в учение о ноосфере В.И. Вернадского. Раскрываются общие связи Гревса – религиозного идеалиста, проповедовавшего единение науки и веры, с петербургским научно-учебным центром на Васильевском острове.

The paper is focused on an outstanding Russian historian-medievalist I.M. Grevs and on his his contribution to V.I. Vernadsky’s doctrine about noosphere. General connections of Grevs – a religious idealist who propagated the unity of science and faith – with St. Petersburg scientific-teaching center in Vasiliyevsky Island are revealed.
World War I and intelligentsia: personal history
Authors:  Айрапетов А.
Published: September 2024

Объектом изучения выступает жизненный мир Эрвина Сабо, видного представителя венгерской интеллигенции начала XX в. Отношение к Первой мировой войне (патриотически-националистическое, антимилитаристско-пацифистское, социально-классовое и революционно-политическое), саморефлексия (осмысление своей ответственности за судьбу человеческой цивилизации), социальный статус, общественно-политическое поведение, интеллигентский быт – все это составляет предмет исследования.

The object of study is the world of Ervin Szabó, a member of Hungarian intelligentsia of the early 20th c. The article analyses his attitude to World War I (in its various aspects: patriotic and nationalist, social and class, revolutionary and political), his self-reflection (his views on personal responsibility for the fate of human civilization), social status, social and political behaviour, and the everyday life.
The long 19th century in global perspective
Authors:  Чеканцева З.
Published: September 2024

Рец. на книгу: Всемирная история: В 6-ти т. / Глав. ред. А.О. Чубарьян. Т. 5. Мир в XIX веке: на пути к индустриальной цивилизации / отв. ред. В.С. Мирзеханов (М., 2014)

Review: World History: 6 vols. / Ed. by A.O. Chubarian. Vol. 6 the world in the 19th c.: the ways to industrial civilization / ed. by V.S. Mirzekhanov. Moscow, 2014.
Broken destiny: Memory and professionalism of a historian
Authors:  Корзун В.
Published: September 2024

Размышления над книгой: П.Г. Васенко. Воспоминания о моей жизни и прошлом быте / Вступительная статья, публ., коммент., указ. Н.П. Матхановой; отв. ред. Н.Н. Покровский. Новосибирск: Изд-во СОРАН, 2014. 331 с.

Reflections on the book: Vasenko. Memories of my life and the old way of life / Introductory article, publish., comm., ind. by N.P. Matkhanova; Ed. N. N. Pokrovsky. Novosibirsk: SB RAS Publishing, 2014. 331 p.
«ТОЧНЫЕ НАУКИ» В СИСТЕМЕ ГУМАНИТАРНОГО ЗНАНИЯ
Authors: Коновалова И.Г.
Published: September 2024

Обзор XXVIII Международной научной конференции «Вспомогательные исторические дисциплины в современном научном знании», прошедшей с 14 по16 апреля 2016 г. в Институте всеобщей истории РАН и Историко-архивном институте РГГУ.

Review of the 28th International Scientific Conference “Auxiliary Historical Disciplines in the Humanities”, held on 14 to16 April 2016 at the Institute for World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Institute for History and Archives, Russian State University for the Humanities.
A.A. Kiesewetter’s life of emigrant in the light of “professorial culture”
Authors: Волошина В.Ю. , Корзун В.П.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема трансформации в зарубежье дореволюционной «профессорской культуры». Обратившись к эмигрантскому периоду жизни выдающегося отечественного историка А.А. Кизеветтера (1866–1933), авторы показали консервативный вариант трансформации профессорской культуры, показательный для той части эмигрантской профессуры, которая делала ставку на возвращение в Россию после свержения большевиков и соответственно на сохранение и воспроизводство дореволюционной отечественной научной традиции.

The authors discuss the transformation of Russian pre-revolutionary “professorial culture” in exile. The article is focused on the emigration period in the life of a well-known Russian historian A.A. Kiesewetter (1866–1933). The authors show a conservative version of this transformation, typical for those emigre professors who counted on returning to Russian after the fall of the Bolsheviks, and, accordingly, desired to preserve and reproduce pre-revolutionary Russian academic tradition.
A.P. Ermolov and M.S. Vorontsov: strategies of conquering the Caucasus in vocabulary and semantics
Authors: Лазарян С.С.
Published: September 2024

В статье сравниваются сущностные основы кавказского поприща А.П. Ермолова и М.С. Воронцова, дается характеристика направленности их деятельности посредством анализа используемой ими лексики, которой они отображали окружающую их действительность.

The article compares the foundations of the Caucasian campaigns and administration by A.P. Ermolov and M.S. Vorontsov, and produces a characteristic of their work through the analysis of their vocabulary that reflected reality that surrounded them.