bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contextual antecedents for team learning in professional service firms
Authors: Rustad Bjerke Victoria Helen
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to identify contextual antecedents for team learning in professional service firms.

Design/methodology/approach

Structural equation modelling was applied to establish reliability and validity and to measure the size of relationships. Evidence was drawn from an empirical sample of 210 consultants in the Nordic professional service industry.

Findings

The findings of this study reveal and strongly support that two important contextual antecedent factors that facilitate for team learning in professional service firms are market orientation and leader support for collaborative learning practices. The effect of leader support on team learning is also mediated by a market orientation.

Originality/value

There is a paucity of knowledge on contextual factors that contribute to team learning. This study provides insight of theoretical and practical value.
The development of a methodology for assessing teamwork and sustainable quality culture, focusing on top management teams
Authors: Sten Lilly-Mari , Ingelsson Pernilla , Häggström Marie
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The purpose was to present a developed, tested and evaluated methodology for assessing teamwork and sustainable quality culture, focusing on top management teams (TMTs).

Design/methodology/approach

The developed methodology was based on a convergent mixed-method design, including two data collection methods: questionnaire and focus group discussion. Two pilot tests were performed with two TMTs. This design involved analysing, merging and interpreting data, first separately by data collection method and theme and then in a meta-interpretation. Lastly, there was a follow-up meeting for evaluating results.

Findings

Findings from the study were that the methodology can be used to assess teamwork and sustainable quality culture, and the results also showed the strength of using two data collection methods to provide a broader picture of teamwork and sustainable quality culture. A follow-up meeting validated the results and provided additional value to the two TMTs in the form of suggestions on how to improve their teamwork and sustainable quality culture.

Practical implications

Applying this methodology can guide TMTs in how to improve their teamwork and sustainable quality culture within their organisations.

Originality/value

This is a new methodology, containing a developed questionnaire and an interview guide, aiming to assess and evaluate teamwork within TMTs and sustainable quality culture. The practice of the methodology adds value to both TMTs and their organisations, as well as provides a theoretical and methodological contribution to research on teamwork and sustainable quality culture.
Balancing a seesaw – leaders perspectives on design and traditional quality improvement in healthcare
Authors: Boström Jonas , Hillborg Helene , Lilja Johan
Published: April 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe the perspectives and reasoning of senior development leaders in healthcare organizations, when reflecting on design as theory and practice in relation to more traditional methods and tools for improving quality and support innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is based on a qualitative interview design with five development and innovation leaders from separate healthcare regions in Sweden. They have, to varying degrees, applied design theory and practice for quality improvement and innovation in their organizations. The interview transcript was analysed using a content analysis together with an interpretive approach.

Findings

The major findings are to be found in the balancing act for leadership and organizations in healthcare when it comes to introducing and combining different theories and practices for improving quality and support innovation. The balance is between the change in power dynamics and pushing traditional boundaries in a complex healthcare world.

Practical implications

The narratives from the leaders' experience of applying design theory and practice for improving healthcare quality can help us create readiness and knowledge about how we prevent and/or facilitate planning and implementing design theories, practices, methods and tools in a healthcare context.

Originality/value

The study provides a unique insight when it captures and illustrates five different organizations' experiences when applying design for developing healthcare quality.
Knowledge leakage through social networks: a review of existing gaps, strategies for mitigating potential risk factors and future research direction
Authors: Timiyo Adobi Jessica , Foli Samuel
Published: April 2023

Purpose

This paper aims to systematically review the literature on knowledge leakage through social networks in the past decade to find existing gaps, identify potential risk factors while, ultimately, proposing ways of mitigating these factors.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopted Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis as guide for searching relevant scholarly publications. Subject-specific and -related research papers were obtained from three databases, namely, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost. The review data was generated from the search results while adopting specific criteria to either accept or reject a particular publication during the search process.

Findings

Technological, operational and human knowledge factors are some of the risks resulting from knowledge leakage. Highlights of the paper include strategies for mitigating these factors, including continuous training, creating awareness, banning social media usage at work and reinforcing nondisclosure policies. This study also found potential gaps from the literature, categorized as topical, geographical, industrial, theoretical, methodological and conceptual gaps while proposing ways of addressing these gaps using specific research questions. These questions set the direction for future studies on knowledge leakage and social networks.

Originality/value

Implications of the findings are laid out, particularly the idea of developing actionable managerial plans for preventing knowledge leakage from occurring in organizations in the first place. The systematic, rigorous, transparent and methodological procedures used throughout the entire research process strongly suggest that the findings and conclusions are legitimate. While the findings were not drawn arbitrarily, they potentially offer windows of opportunities for bridging the six potential gaps identified in this paper.
A basic charge cluster near the C‐terminus of the cytoplasmic tail contributes to the molecular stability of human herpesvirus 8 E3 ubiquitin ligases
Authors: Kajikawa Mizuho , Kato Koya , Takahashi Hayato , Kitajima Seiya , Kusunoki Yosuke , Haga Mizuki , Kimura Minako , Inoue Yoshihiro , Miyano Kei , Kanamoto Taisei
Published: April 2023

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8; also known as Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus [KSHV]) utilizes the viral E3 ubiquitin ligase family members K3 and K5 for immune evasion. Both K3 and K5 mediate the ubiquitination of host MHC class I (MHC‐I) molecules, which play a key role in antigen presentation to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Because ubiquitinated MHC‐I is immediately down‐regulated from the cell surface, HHV8‐infected cells can escape surveillance by CTLs. K3 and K5 have similar domain structures and topologies. They contain an N‐terminal RINGv ubiquitin ligase domain, two transmembrane helices, and an intrinsically disordered cytoplasmic tail at the C‐terminus. The cytoplasmic tail contains a membrane‐proximal “conserved region” involved in ligase activity. On the other hand, the role of the membrane‐distal region of the cytoplasmic tail, termed the “C‐tail” in this study, remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the C‐tail contributes to the protein expression of both K3 and K5. The C‐tail‐truncated K3 and K5 mutants were rapidly reduced in cells. The recombinant C‐tail proteins bind to acidic lipids via a basic charge cluster located near the C‐terminus of the C‐tails. Similar to the C‐tail‐truncated mutants, the basic charge cluster‐substituting mutants showed decreased protein expression of K3 and K5. These findings suggest that the basic charge cluster near the C‐terminus of the cytoplasmic tail contributes to the molecular stability of K3 and K5.
Antioxidant mechanism of a continuous microenvironment regulation system for prolonging the shelf‐life of red grapes
Authors: Hu Wenqing , Gong Fan , Dong Qingfeng , Kang Yongfeng , Zhou Yan , Liu Boqiang , Li Li
Published: April 2023

Red grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) have a high sugar content, thin skins, and relatively short shelf‐life after harvesting. We developed polylactic acid/polybutylene succinate film, prepared by extrusion of polylactic acid and polybutylene succinate, that significantly prolonged the shelf‐life of red grapes from 8 to 12 days by delaying the loss of weight, loss of hardness, and reduction in soluble solid content after harvesting. Further mechanistic study showed that this modified atmosphere film delayed the senescence of harvested red grape, the phenomenon that was highly related to the lower active oxygen species production and higher antioxidant enzyme activity compared to the non‐packaged grape. The proposed continuous and dynamic microenvironment regulation system is a promising method to study the mechanisms of respiratory metabolism in fruit and extends food shelf‐life while reducing food waste.

Practical Application

In this study, we designed a means to microenvironmental regulatory packaging that directly creates a continuous, dynamic, and monitorable microenvironment. To ensure that the fruit inside the package underwent coordinated aerobic and anaerobic respiration, we melt‐extruded polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) to form a homogeneous biodegradable film. We demonstrated that the best preservation results were achieved with a film comprising an 80/20 PLA‐to‐PBS ratio. This film can prolong the shelf‐life of fruits by regulating respiratory metabolism.
Water balance characterization of the early 21st century drought in the western United States
Authors: McCabe Gregory J. , Wolock David M.
Published: April 2023

Monthly temperature and precipitation data for 923 United States Geological Survey 8‐digit hydrologic units are used as inputs to a monthly water balance model to compute monthly actual evapotranspiration, soil moisture storage, and runoff across the western United States (U.S.) for the period 1900 through 2020. Time series of these water balance variables are examined to characterize and explain the dry conditions across the western U.S. since the year 2000. Results indicate that although precipitation deficits account for most of the changes in actual evapotranspiration and runoff, increases in temperature primarily explain decreases in soil moisture storage. Specifically, temperature has been particularly impactful on the magnitude of negative departures of soil moisture storage during the spring (April through June) and summer (July through September) seasons. These effects on soil moisture may be particularly detrimental to agriculture in regions already stressed by drought such as the western U.S.
Decomposing dark diversity affinities of species and sites using Bayesian method: What accounts for absences of species at suitable sites?
Authors: Fujinuma Junichi , Pärtel Meelis
Published: April 2023

Locally observed biodiversity always consists of only a fraction of its site‐specific species pool. Why some suitable species are absent, shaping dark diversity of that site, is a basic yet increasingly crucial question in the face of global biodiversity degradation. The ultimate processes underlying dark diversity associate with either dispersal or persistence limitations, or both. These two limitations in turn link to several characteristics of individual species and sites, making it challenging to detect the exact factors contributing to dark diversity in a particular metacommunity.

Here, we propose a metric, dark diversity affinity (DDA), which measures the tendencies of individual species to be absent from suitable sites and of individual sites to miss suitable species. We developed a Bayesian model interrelating four types of datasets: metacommunity matrix of species presences in sites, species‐sites suitability matrix, species functional traits and site characteristics. In the model, DDA operates as an adjustment bridging the disparity between site‐specific suitability and observed presence/absence of each species at each site. Furthermore, DDA can be related to individual properties of species and sites through logistic regression sub‐models. We demonstrated our framework using nine empirical datasets of vertebrate, invertebrate and vascular plant metacommunities.

We show the decomposed roles of species traits and site characteristics in defining DDA and, therefore, dark diversity in metacommunities. In the empirical datasets, various functional traits, which related to morphology, reproduction, dispersal ability, population attributes, resource specificity and life history, significantly affected species‐level DDA, while site characteristics regarding habitat types and attributes, resource availability, pollution, and edaphic and water conditions influenced DDA at the site level.

Our framework provides a concept and methodological toolbox that allows identification of the processes underlying dark diversity and advances both the theory of community ecology and biodiversity conservation. Conservation actions can be more successful by knowing whether species loss in a particular metacommunity is associated to some species traits or site characteristics and what their relative contributions are.
Embryonic differentiation of intestine in Indian goats (Capra hircus)
Authors: Verma Abhinov , Farooqui M. M. , Prakash Ajay , Pathak Archana , Singh Shriprakash
Published: April 2023

The present study focused on identifying knowledge gaps in scientific literature for developmental anatomy and future fetal‐programming researches on goats. The aim of this study was to observe the sequential growth and the development of the intestine from stage of formation of preliminary digestive tube to the differentiation of various segments during early prenatal life in Indian goats. The developing digestive tube was first witnessed on the 23rd day of gestation histologically and from 25 days of gestation onwards, it became observable grossly under stereozoom microscope. The further stages of developing intestine rotation, herniation and coiling and re‐entry stages were noticed on the 38th day, 41st day and 48th day of gestation, respectively. The first demarcation between small and large intestines in the form of cecal bulge was recorded at 41st day of gestation. On the 45th day of gestation, all the segments of intestine that is, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, colon and rectum were well demarcated. Microscopically, the wall of the digestive tube was composed of three layers; lamina epithelialis, pleuripotent blastemic tissue and the mesothelium in between 23 and 39 days of gestation. At 41st day of gestation, the blastemic tissue showed distinct separation into lamina propria‐submucosa and tunica muscularis. Among connective tissue fibres only reticular fibres were observable in this study. The histochemical localisation of polysaccharides, bound lipids and alkaline phosphatase enzyme showed mild to moderate reaction. The reaction for acid phosphatase enzyme could not be observed or was absent in this study.
Efficacy of ruxolitinib for HAVCR2 mutation‐associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and panniculitis manifestations in children
Authors: Zhang Qing , Zhou Chun‐Ju , Li Dan‐Hong , Cui Lei , Li Wei‐Jing , Ma Hong‐Hao , Zhao Yun‐Ze , Wang Dong , Li Zhi‐Gang , Wang Tian‐You , Wei Li , Duan Yan‐Long , Zhang Rui
Published: April 2023

Frequent germline mutations of HAVCR2, recently identified in subcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma (SPTCL), are associated with an increased risk of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, SPTCL‐HLH represents a challenge because of the difficulties in treatment with poor survival. Its malignant nature, specifically harbouring HAVCR2 mutations, has also been questioned. To better understand its pathology and treatment, we analysed the clinical data of six patients diagnosed at our centre. The median age at onset was 10.5 years (range, 0.8–12.4). Five patients presented with skin lesions of subcutaneous nodules/plaques and/or ulceration. All patients developed HLH; notably, one infant only had HLH without skin involvement. Histopathologically, only two patients were diagnosed with SPTCL and three were reported as panniculitis with no sufficient evidence of lymphoma. Genetically, germline homozygous mutation of HAVCR2 (p.Y82C) was identified in all patients, with a median diagnosis time of 4.6 months. All patients initially received corticosteroids, immunosuppressants or chemotherapy, achieving unfavourable responses. Strikingly, they responded well to ruxolitinib targeting inflammatory cytokines, allowing rapid disease resolution and/or long‐term maintenance of remission. The excellent efficacy of ruxolitinib highlights this disease as an inflammatory condition instead of neoplastic nature and indicates novel agents targeting key inflammatory pathways as an encouraging approach for this disease entity.
A mixed methods evaluation of a compassion‐focused therapy group intervention for people with an intellectual disability
Authors: Hewitt Olivia , Codd Jon , Maguire Karla , Balendra Mathumeera , Tariq Saffiya
Published: April 2023

Background

This study investigated the use of a Compassion‐Focused Therapy (CFT) group as a psychological intervention for a group of adults with an intellectual disability with a range of psychological issues.

Method

Four clients attended the group, which was facilitated by three trainee Clinical Psychologists. The group consisted of 8 weekly sessions.

Findings

Standardised outcome measures showed an increase in psychological well‐being and self‐compassion for all participants postintervention. Two participants showed an increase in psychological distress, while two participants reported decreases in this area. Scores on measures of self‐criticism fell for two participants, increased for one participant and showed no change for one participant. Qualitative interviews were conducted with postgroup with all group members (clients and facilitators). Thematic analysis identified two superordinate themes relating to the accessibility of the group content, and interpersonal aspects of the group.

Conclusion

The results suggest that clients enjoyed and benefitted from the group. Challenges, such as lack of carer involvement, were identified, and recommendations for future CFT groups are made.
The pathogenic role of the BRCA2 c.7847C>T (p.Ser2616Phe) variant in breast and ovarian cancer predisposition
Authors: Yamazawa Kazuki , Sugano Kokichi , Tanakaya Kohji , Inoue Satomi , Murakami Haruka , Nakashima Moeko , Adachi Masataka , Oki Shinya , Makabe Takeshi , Yamashita Hiroshi , Ueki Arisa , Sasaoka Ayako , Nakashoji Ayako , Kinoshita Takayuki , Matsunaga Tatsuo , Arai Masami , Nakamura Seigo , Miyata Hiroaki , Ikegami Masachika , Mano Hiroyuki , Kohsaka Shinji , Matsui Akira
Published: April 2023

Substantial numbers of variants of unknown significance (VUSs) have been identified in BRCA1/2 through genetic testing, which poses a significant clinical challenge because the contribution of these VUSs to cancer predisposition has not yet been determined. Here, we report 10 Japanese patients from seven families with breast or ovarian cancer harboring the BRCA2 c.7847C>T (p.Ser2616Phe) variant that was interpreted as a VUS. This variant recurs only in families from Japan and has not been reported in the global general population databases. A Japanese patient with Fanconi anemia with compound heterozygous variants c.7847C>T (p.Ser2616Phe) and c.475+1G>A in BRCA2 was reported. In silico predictions and quantitative cosegregation analysis suggest a high probability of pathogenicity. The clinical features of the variant carriers were not specific to, but were consistent with, those of patients with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. A validated functional assay, called the mixed‐all‐nominated‐in‐one‐BRCA (MANO‐B) method and the accurate BRCA companion diagnostic (ABCD) test, demonstrated the deleterious effects of the variant. Altogether, following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines, this variant satisfied the “PS3,” “PM2,” “PM3,” and “PP3” criteria. We thus conclude that the BRCA2 c.7847C>T (p.Ser2616Phe) variant is a “likely pathogenic” variant that is specifically observed in the Japanese population, leading to a breast and ovarian cancer predisposition.
Association of B7H3 and B7H4 gene polymorphisms and protein expression with the development and prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases
Authors: Ozaki Haruka , Inoue Naoya , Iwatani Yoshinori , Watanabe Ayano , Yamamoto Mayu , Kitahara Nozomi , Tanikawa Shohei , Noguchi Yusuke , Hidaka Yoh , Watanabe Mikio
Published: April 2023

Background

The prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's disease (HD), varies among patients. B7‐H3 and B7‐H4, members of the B7 family of proteins, regulate immune response. To clarify the association of B7‐H3 and B7‐H4 with the pathogenesis and prognosis of AITDs, we examined the expression of the soluble and membrane form of B7‐H3 and B7‐H4 and genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the B7H3 and B7H4 genes.

Methods

We examined the expression of the membrane form of B7‐H3 and B7‐H4 by flow cytometry and their soluble forms by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. We genotyped SNPs in B7H3 and B7H4 in 187 GD patients, 217 HD patients, and 110 healthy volunteers using the PCR‐RFLP method.

Results

The frequency of the B7H3 rs3816661 CC genotype was higher in patients with severe HD. G carriers of B7H4 rs10754339 A/G and B7H4 rs13505 T/G were more frequent in patients with AITD. A carrier of B7H4 rs10158166 A/G and C carriers of B7H4 rs3806373 C/T were more frequent in patients with intractable GD. The proportion of B7‐H3+ monocytes was higher in the CC genotype of B7H3 rs3816661 C/T than in the other genotypes and was lower in patients with GD and HD than in healthy controls. The concentration of soluble B7‐H4 was lower in the TG genotype of B7H4 rs13505 T/G than in the TT genotype and was higher in patients with AITD than in healthy controls.

Conclusion

B7H3 and B7H4 are associated with AITD susceptibility and prognosis.
‘You cut off a part of your body to feed your family’ Parental perspectives on parent–child separation in the context of child domestic work: A qualitative study from Karnataka, India
Authors: Ramanan Namratha , Derluyn Ilse , Adriaenssens Peter , De Haene Lucia
Published: April 2023

Live‐in child domestic work is an often exploitative informal labour sector that involves child migration and long‐term separation of children from their family. While studies have documented the impact of family separation in cases of adult migration and young adult migration, little is known about the impact of child migration and related parent–child separation. This small‐scale, explorative qualitative study aimed to understand lived experiences of parent–child separation through in‐depth interviews with seven parents of children working at households in Karnataka, as live‐in domestic help. This study is the first of its kind to explore parental experiences of separation from their child/ren in the context of live‐in domestic work and explores notions on the existence of choice in decision‐making, and sheds light on how practices of separation are interlinked with socioeconomic factors, societal hierarchy and cultural practices of parenting that lead to understanding and coping with the ensuing separation. It concludes by identifying some policy implications that are relevant for organizations seeking to re‐unify and reintegrate children with their families after a period of separation.
Iconicity in Ideophones: Guessing, Memorizing, and Reassessing
Authors: Van Hoey Thomas , Thompson Arthur L. , Do Youngah , Dingemanse Mark
Published: April 2023

Iconicity, or the resemblance between form and meaning, is often ascribed to a special status and contrasted with default assumptions of arbitrariness in spoken language. But does iconicity in spoken language have a special status when it comes to learnability? A simple way to gauge learnability is to see how well something is retrieved from memory. We can further contrast this with guessability, to see (1) whether the ease of guessing the meanings of ideophones outperforms the rate at which they are remembered; and (2) how willing participants’ are to reassess what they were taught in a prior task—a novel contribution of this study. We replicate prior guessing and memory tasks using ideophones and adjectives from Japanese, Korean, and Igbo. Our results show that although native Cantonese speakers guessed ideophone meanings above chance level, they memorized both ideophones and adjectives with comparable accuracy. However, response time data show that participants took significantly longer to respond correctly to adjective–meaning pairs—indicating a discrepancy in a cognitive effort that favored the recognition of ideophones. In a follow‐up reassessment task, participants who were taught foil translations were more likely to choose the true translations for ideophones rather than adjectives. By comparing the findings from our guessing and memory tasks, we conclude that iconicity is more accessible if a task requires participants to actively seek out sound‐meaning associations.
The Whale and the Microorganism: A Tale of a Classic Example and Linguistic Intuitions
Authors: Lev‐Ari Shiri
Published: April 2023

A classic example of the arbitrary relation between the way a word sounds and its meaning is thatmicroorganismis a very long word that refers to a very small entity, whereaswhaleis a very short word that refers to something very big. This example, originally presented in Hockett's list of language's design features, has been often cited over the years, not only by those discussing the arbitrary nature of language, but also by researchers of sound symbolism. While the two groups disagreed regarding the role of arbitrariness and sound symbolism in language, they both agreed there is a nonsound symbolic relation between word length and entity size in this case. This paper shows that the length of the wordswhaleandmicroorganismin fact reflects a sound symbolic pattern. An analysis of >600 languages from >100 language families shows that languages use longer words to denote the conceptsmallthan they do to denote the conceptbig. The paper thus shows how explicit judgments might differ from implicit cognitive association and the problem of relying on these in sound symbolism research.
School Boarding and Students’ Prosocial Behaviors: Evidence from Rural China
Authors: Li Yunsen , Zhao Guochang , Li Yunlu , Luo Liang
Published: April 2023

This study investigated the effects of boarding at school on students’ prosocial behaviors in rural China using data from the National Children's Study of China. The instrumental variable (IV) approach was used to control for potential endogeneity, and the IVs were the proportion of boarding students in higher grades and the school area per student. The ordinary least squares and IV estimates showed that boarding students exhibited more prosocial behaviors, including compliance with rules, positive traits, and altruistic attitudes. These results were robust. Heterogeneity analyses suggested that students from low‐income families, children who were not “left behind,” high‐grade students, and female students were more likely to benefit from boarding. We found that these effects were primarily due to boarding students developing stronger feelings of trust and support from their peers and teachers and participating in more school‐organized events and team activities.
Factor and network analysis of psychosis‐like experiences and depressive symptoms in a sample of Finnish adolescents entering psychiatric services
Authors: Granö Niklas , Lintula Sakari , Therman Sebastian , Marttunen Mauri , Lång Ulla , Ranta Klaus
Published: April 2023

Aim

Psychosis‐Like Experiences (PLEs) and depressive symptoms are correlated in clinical adolescent populations. However, symptom‐level associations between the two phenomena are not clear.

Methods

We analysed factor structures of a PLE instrument, the Prodromal Questionnaire‐Brief (PQ‐B), based on dimensions of positive symptoms of schizophrenia, and a depression measurement instrument, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI‐21A) and performed a network analysis of item‐level associations between the two measures. The sample consisted of 417 adolescents (range 13–18 years of age, mean 14.9 years, 72.4% females) entering secondary psychiatric services at Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis resulted in adequately fitting 2‐factor solution, one for PQ‐B and one for BDI‐21, with a strong correlation coefficient of 0.605 between the two factors. In the network analysis, PQ‐B and BDI‐21 both formed their own clusters, and two significant pathways were estimated between PQ‐B and BDI‐21 clusters: 1. the association between paranoid thinking and distorted body image, and 2. the association between somatic preoccupation and worry about problems of one's mind.

Conclusions

Even though on a general, factor level, PLEs and depressive symptoms were strongly correlated, unique associations between symptoms of the two constructs were sparse. These findings should be considered in the psychiatric assessment and in the care of adolescents.
Consent as an act of commitment
Authors: Goodin Robert E.
Published: April 2023

Some say that consent is essentially just a state of mind. Others say it is essentially just a communication. Many say it is both. I say it is neither. Instead it is an act, or rather a pair of acts—an internal mental act in the first instance, an external performative act in the second. Each of those acts is an act of commitment, intrapersonally in the first case and interpersonally in the second. The content of the commitment is, familiarly enough, to give permission to someone else to do something that it would be wrong for them to do without your permission. The novelty lies in seeing consent as an act of commitment in those two dimensions and in seeing those as commitments that persist until and unless undone by an act of a similar sort.
Low‐grade adenosquamous carcinoma of the breast: a clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of 25 patients
Authors: Lewis Gloria , Fong Nancy , Gjeorgjievski Sandra Gjorgova , Li Xiaoxian (Bill) , Li Zaibo , Wei Shi , Sturgis Charles D , Wang Chunjie , Komforti Miglena , Zhang Huina , Downs Erinn , Cui Xiaoyan , McIntire Patrick , Hoda Raza S. , Rowe J Jordi , Sciallis Andrew , Zhang Gloria
Published: April 2023

Aims

Due to its rarity and non‐specific clinical and pathological features, low‐grade adenosquamous carcinoma (LGASC) of the breast continues to pose diagnostic challenges. Unlike other triple‐negative breast carcinomas, LGASC tends to have an indolent clinical behaviour. It is essential to recognise this lesion for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Methods and results

Twenty‐five cases of LGASC were identified in our archives and collaborating institutes. Cases of LGASC with dominant coexisting other type carcinomas were excluded. We studied the clinical presentation, morphological features, patterns of the commonly used immunohistochemical stains and follow‐up. In our cohort, LGASC was commonly located at the outer aspect of the breast and associated with intraductal papilloma. The morphology of LGASC is characterised by infiltrating small glands and nests with variable squamous differentiation. We also found cuffing desmoplastic (fibrolamellar) stromal change in 75% of patients and peripheral lymphocytic aggregates in 87.5% of patients. P63 and smooth muscle myosin (SMM) were the most common myoepithelial markers used to assist in diagnosis. P63 often stained peripheral tumour cells surrounding invasive glands (circumferential staining in 80% of the cases), mimicking myoepithelial cells. It also stained the small nests with squamous differentiation. However, SMM was negative in 63% of the cases. The vast majority of our cases were triple‐negative; only a few had focal and weak expressions of ER and PR. One patient who did not have excision developed lymph node metastasis. Most patients underwent excision or mastectomy with negative margins as surgical treatment; there were no recurrences or metastases in these patients with clinical follow‐ups up to 108 months.

Conclusions

LGASC has some unique, although not entirely specific, morphological features and immunohistochemical staining patterns. Fibrolamellar stromal change, peripheral lymphocytic aggregates and variable staining of p63 and SMM are valuable features to facilitate the diagnosis.
Selecting entrepreneurial employees using a person‐group fit perspective
Authors: Das Roshni
Published: April 2023

As jobs become unstructured and collective endeavor oriented, it is increasingly being realized that work groups must become more autonomous and entrepreneurial. The selection literature is however silent on the predictive mechanisms that may be leveraged to select group members with the desired competencies. The person‐group fit perspective enables us to hypothesize and demonstrate that selection instruments geared toward gauging an individual's fit within a group are likely to manifest entrepreneurial competencies and behaviors in the individual. Further, the nature of the job, in terms of the structuredness of work (task formalization) and the repetitiveness of work activities (task routinization), has a moderating impact on the relationship between overall entrepreneurial competence and selection practices. The study has implications for incorporating the principles of person‐group fit into the design of job profiles.
Goblet cell‐associated antigen passage: A gatekeeper of the intestinal immune system
Authors: Zhang Xing , Chen Xiao , Wang Zhongliang , Meng Xuanyi , Hoffmann‐Sommergruber Karin , Cavallari Nicola , Wu Yong , Gao Jinyan , Li Xin , Chen Hongbing
Published: April 2023

Effective delivery of luminal antigens to the underlying immune system is the initial step in generating antigen‐specific responses in the gut. However, a large body of information regarding the immune response activation process remains unknown. Recently, goblet cells (GCs) have been reported to form goblet cell‐associated antigen passages (GAPs). Luminal antigens can be transported inside GAPs and reach subepithelial immune cells to induce antigen‐specific immune responses, contributing largely to gut homeostasis and the prevention of some intestinal diseases like allergic enteritis and bacterial translocation. In this article, we summarized recent observations on the formation of intestinal GAPs and their roles in mucosal immunity. We hope that this review can offer a fresh perspective and valuable insights for clinicians and researchers interested in studying the intestinal immune system.
Celebrating Nursing Week during the COVID‐19 pandemic: The example of Twitter in Turkey for 2020–2021
Authors: Kalkan Nevra , Sözeri Öztürk Elif , Arpaci Tuba
Published: April 2023

Aim

To explore how the nursing profession reflected on Twitter in Turkey about the Nursing Week celebration during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Background

The COVID‐19 pandemic affected the whole world, made every aspect of life extremely difficult, and required excessive involvement by healthcare professionals—especially nurses. Nurses have played a key role in meeting the care needs of people during this time.

Methods

A qualitative research design was used for this study. Turkish social media data were analysed via a data crawler on Twitter. Tweets regarding the COVID‐19 pandemic during 12–18 May 2020 and 12–18 May 2021—dates celebrated as Nursing Week in Turkey—and tweets containing at least one of the following relevant hashtags: #nurse, #nursesday, #nursesweek, #nursingweek, #12May, or #12Maynursesday, were considered.

Results

The hashtag #12May was used the most in both years, and the most tweets were posted with the hashtag #12May (n = 2996) in 2020. Three categories, ‘Being a nurse in the pandemic’, ‘Nursing Week with celebrations’, and ‘Nursing Week with definitions’, were identified through a thematic analysis. The categories included the importance of nursing, respectability, difficult working conditions, insufficiency in the number of nurses, difficulties in social life, etc.

Discussion

Turkish society posted tweets to celebrate Nursing Week. In addition to the celebration, there were many statements revealing the positive aspects of nurses and the nursing profession, as well as the difficulties nurses faced during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Conclusion

Our findings revealed that in the celebrations of Nursing Week in Turkey, the important role of nursing in the health system, difficulties experienced during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and definitions describing the roles of nursing were reflected on Twitter.

Implication for nursing and health policies

This presents a source for perspective on the opinions reflected on social media about nurses and the nursing profession via Nursing Week celebrations during the pandemic. The findings can guide the development of policies on the rights and social privileges of the nursing profession that need to be improved in exceptional situations like a pandemic.
The sense of smell in contemporary social sciences and human environment
Authors: Hoffmann Beata
Published: April 2023

Across the ages, attitudes towards particular senses and their hierarchization have shifted. The sense of smell is an element of almost every person's experience. Its impact is physical, psychological and social. Up to this day, smell has been an important element of social interactions, influencing social reception and the quality of interpersonal contacts. Although smell has not always been an object of researchers’ interests, and often its importance has been intentionally depreciated, the tension between disqualification and embrace of olfactory data has not stopped the development of osmological research, also in the social sciences. The first sociologist to pay attention to the important role of senses in the social process was Georg Simmel. Thanks to an innovative approach to senses as social entities, he changed not just the perspective on sensory events but also laid the foundations for the specialist area of the sociology of the senses. This text attempts at introducing the reader to the origins and evolution of the sociology of the senses, placing special attention on the sense of smell, as well as how the ongoing ‘aromatization of culture’ process is opening up a large field of sociological research.
A systematic review of photovoice research methods with people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Chinn Deborah , Balota Bogdan
Published: April 2023

Background

Photovoice is an arts‐based participatory action research methodology that is growing in popularity. Our aim was to systematically review photovoice research with people with intellectual disabilities to describe the current ‘state of the art’ and identify areas for further methodological consideration.

Methods

We searched five databases using search terms relating to photovoice and intellectual disabilities. Thirty one studies met inclusion criteria. We used thematic analysis to identify common themes.

Findings

The themes identified—adaptations to the photovoice method, collaboration, participation and power, impact and outcomes—explored how far the ‘voice’ and agency of participants with intellectual disabilities taking part in photovoice research were supported and whether photovoice lived up to its promise as ‘action’ research.

Conclusion

Photovoice creates opportunities for self‐representation of people with intellectual disabilities through photography. Participants could be further supported to engage with researchers in critical reflection on findings and collaborate on tangible outcomes.
Bone mineral density in adults with Down syndrome: a cross‐sectional study in a Brazilian sample
Authors: Fedrigo A. , Skare T. L. , Levandoski G. R. , Chrisostomo K. R. , de Oliveira N. P. , Nisihara R.
Published: April 2023

Background

We aim to investigate the relationship between bone mass in a sample of Brazilian individuals with DS and handgrip strength, body mass index (BMI) and physical exercise.

Methods

Dual‐energy X‐ray emission densitometry analysis of bone mass in 26 individuals with DS (8 men and 18 women with a mean age of 30.7 ± 10.3 years) was conducted. Additionally, weight and height were measured to determine BMI, palmar grip strength was measured using a Jammar dynamometer®, and physical activity was classified using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).

Results

In this sample, 2/15 (13.3%) individuals with age between 18 to 29 years had low BMD in the spine; 2/8 (25%) of those with age between 30 and 39 years also had low BMD in the spine and 2/3 (66.6%) with age ≥40 had low BMD in the femur. There were significant correlations between palmar grip strength and Z femoral neck score in women (P = 0.02) and between BMI and Z femoral neck score in men (P = 0.04). All other correlations lacked statistical significance (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Brazilian patients with DS showed a high prevalence of low bone mass. Traditional factors such as muscle strength, BMI and physical activity appear to have little effect on bone mineral density in this population.
Acne vulgaris and the most popular and new cosmetological treatments
Authors: Chilicka Karolina , Gold Michael H. , Nowicka D.
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Acne vulgaris is a disease that has an enormous impact on appearance of the skin of the patients and also on their quality of life. Long‐term dermatological treatment, which often lasts years, and disease relapses contribute to the occurrence of low self‐esteem and depression. Acne is one of the 10 most common diseases in the world and the most common inflammatory skin disease. Many methods of dermatological treatment that bring very good results are available. However, educating people with acne on how to take care of their skin on a daily basis to minimize the bleak effects of the disease is an extremely important element. Contemporary cosmetology creates an environment for not only taking care of the skin at home, but also develops in‐office treatments with exfoliation of the dead epidermis as an extremely important and priority part of treatment. The cosmetologist can propose both chemical and apparatus methods, which are selected individually for each client.

Objective

The objective of this article is to provide information about cosmetological treatment used in acne vulgaris.

Methods

In this article, we reviewed the published literature, article published in peer‐reviewed journals.

Results

There are many methods that work well in the case of acne skin care, more and more new treatments appear on the cosmetological market.

Conclusion

Acne skin care in beauty parlor is very important element.
Who judges plants? Scientific‐legal judgement of varieties for plant breeder's rights
Authors: MacDonald Hamish
Published: April 2023

An internationally standardised system of intellectual property protection for new varieties of plants is outlined by the Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants Convention. Within this system, member States must determine who will be responsible for assessing plant varieties. Jurisdictions have adopted divergent approaches to this question, with varying degrees and modes of government involvement in the assessment process. Taking Australia as a case study, this article explores a decentralised system of expert judgement where individuals accredited as Qualified Persons are authorised to judge new plant varieties. Drawing on extensive interviews, this article outlines Australia's Qualified Person system, including the accreditation, training, and supervision of Qualified Persons. I argue that the formal system of varietal assessment is underlaid and buttressed by a multiplicity of informal elements, including the tacit knowledge of Qualified Persons, audit processes, apprenticeship‐like learning practices and interpersonal relationships of trust between Qualified Persons and government officials.
Diagrams, images and conceptual maps in nursing education
Authors: Durmis Christine , Wilkenfeld Daniel A.
Published: April 2023

The way in which one understands information and concepts, and the way a student works to develop this, is an individual aspect of learning that cannot be universally defined as (at least manifested) the same for everyone. ‘Understanding’ is a broad term, and the way one achieves understanding is dependent on the way that material is presented. In this article, we argue that the philosophy of science can be important to nursing education—in particular, by showing that the way we imbue understanding might depend on the meaning of ‘understanding’. Diagrams and concept maps are meant to guide newly formed knowledge and connections to develop proper thinking (e.g., the order in which nursing students must prioritize data) that a student requires in the field. We argue that whether or not an image/diagram/concept map confers understanding will depend on both what the object is and what we mean by ‘understanding’.
Association of soap use when bathing 18‐month‐old infants with the prevalence of allergic diseases at age 3 years: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
Authors: Kato Taisuke , Adachi Yuichi , Tsuchida Akiko , Matsumura Kenta , Murakami Shokei , Shimizu Muneyuki , Wada Takuya , Okabe Hisao , Hashimoto Koichi , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Inadera Hidekuni ,   The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) Group
Published: April 2023

Background

Atopic march is defined as the progression from atopic dermatitis (AD) during early life to other allergic diseases in later childhood. In a nationwide birth cohort study, the Japan Environment and Children's Study, we investigated the association of bathing habits, which are known to affect skin conditions, for infants with their later development of allergic diseases.

Methods

Pregnant women who lived in 15 designated regional centers throughout Japan were recruited. We obtained information on bathing habits for their 18‐month‐old infants and the prevalence of allergic diseases when they were aged 3 years.

Results

Data for 74,349 children were analyzed. Most 18‐month‐old infants were bathed or showered almost every day. When they were divided into four groups according to the frequency of soap use during bathing (every time, most of the time, sometimes, and seldom), the risk of AD later at age 3 was shown to increase in association with a decreasing frequency of soap use [most of the time: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.34; sometimes: aOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.46–2.03; seldom: aOR 1.99, 95% CI 1.58–2.50], compared with soap use every time during bathing at 18 months of age. Similar results were obtained for food allergy but not for bronchial asthma.

Conclusions

Frequent soap use when bathing 18‐month‐old infants was associated with a decreased risk of them developing allergic diseases at age 3. Further well‐designed clinical studies are warranted to determine an effective bathing regimen for preventing the development of allergic diseases.