bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATG4 Mediated Psm ES4326/AvrRpt2-Induced Autophagy Dependent on Salicylic Acid in Arabidopsis Thaliana
Authors: Gong Wenjun , Li Bingcong , Zhang Baihong , Chen Wenli
Published: July 2020

Psm ES4326/AvrRpt2 (AvrRpt2) was widely used as the reaction system of hypersensitive response (HR) in Arabidopsis. The study showed that in npr1 (GFP-ATG8a), AvrRpt2 was more effective at inducing the production of autophagosome and autophagy flux than that in GFP-ATG8a. The mRNA expression of ATG1, ATG6 and ATG8a were more in npr1 during the early HR. Based on transcriptome data analysis, enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1) was up-regulated in wild-type (WT) but was not induced in atg4a4b (ATG4 deletion mutant) during AvrRpt2 infection. Compared with WT, atg4a4b had higher expression of salicylic acid glucosyltransferase 1 (SGT1) and isochorismate synthase 1 (ICS1); but less salicylic acid (SA) in normal condition and the same level of free SA during AvrRpt2 infection. These results suggested that the consumption of free SA should be occurred in atg4a4b. AvrRpt2 may trigger the activation of Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-nucleotide binding site (NB)-leucine rich repeat (LRR)—TIR-NB-LRR—to induce autophagy via EDS1, which was inhibited by nonexpressor of PR genes 1 (NPR1). Moreover, high expression of NPR3 in atg4a4b may accelerate the degradation of NPR1 during AvrRpt2 infection.
Model Test and Numerical Simulation of Grouted Connections for Offshore Wind Turbine Under Static Axial Load
Authors: Zhong Weiqiu , Li Wuxu , Yang Tao , Liu Deming , Li Lintao
Published: July 2020

The bearing capacity of the grouted connections is investigated through the model test and numerical simulation with two rates (low and high) and four kinds of specimens: shorter without shear keys, shorter with shear keys, longer with shear keys, and conical with shear keys. It reveals that the bearing characteristics of the specimen of longer with shear keys is worse than the specimen of conical with shear keys, but better than the specimen of shorter with shear keys. Moreover, the bearing characteristics of the specimen of shorter without shear keys is the worst one.
Fabrication of Bioprobe Self-Assembled on Au–Te Nanoworm Structure for SERS Biosensor
Authors: Kim Soo Min , Lee Taek , Gil Yeong-Gyu , Kim Ga Hyeon , Park Chulhwan , Jang Hongje , Min Junhong
Published: July 2020

In the present study, we propose a novel biosensor platform using a gold-tellurium (Au–Te) nanoworm structure through surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Au–Tenanoworm was synthesized by spontaneous galvanic replacement of sacrificial Te nanorods templated with Au (III) cations under ambient conditions. The fabricated Au–Te nanoworm exhibited an interconnected structure of small spherical nanoparticles and was found to be effective at enhancing Raman scattering. The Au–Te nanoworm-immobilized substrate exhibited the ability to detect thyroxine using an aptamer-tagged DNA three-way junction (3WJ) and glycoprotein 120 (GP120) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) using an antibody. The modified substrates were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The optimal Au–Te nanoworm concentration and immobilization time for the thyroxine biosensor platform were further determined by SERS experimentation. Thus, the present study showed that the Au–Te nanoworm structure could be applied to various biosensor platforms.
Epicortical Brevetoxin Treatment Promotes Neural Repair and Functional Recovery after Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Sequeira Erica , Pierce Marsha L. , Akasheh Dina , Sellers Stacey , Gerwick William H. , Baden Daniel G. , Murray Thomas F.
Published: July 2020

Emerging literature suggests that after a stroke, the peri-infarct region exhibits dynamic changes in excitability. In rodent stroke models, treatments that enhance excitability in the peri-infarct cerebral cortex promote motor recovery. This increase in cortical excitability and plasticity is opposed by increases in tonic GABAergic inhibition in the peri-infarct zone beginning three days after a stroke in a mouse model. Maintenance of a favorable excitatory–inhibitory balance promoting cerebrocortical excitability could potentially improve recovery. Brevetoxin-2 (PbTx-2) is a voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gating modifier that increases intracellular sodium ([Na+]i), upregulates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) channel activity and engages downstream calcium (Ca2+) signaling pathways. In immature cerebrocortical neurons, PbTx-2 promoted neuronal structural plasticity by increasing neurite outgrowth, dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis. We hypothesized that PbTx-2 may promote excitability and structural remodeling in the peri-infarct region, leading to improved functional outcomes following a stroke. We tested this hypothesis using epicortical application of PbTx-2 after a photothrombotic stroke in mice. We show that PbTx-2 enhanced the dendritic arborization and synapse density of cortical layer V pyramidal neurons in the peri-infarct cortex. PbTx-2 also produced a robust improvement of motor recovery. These results suggest a novel pharmacologic approach to mimic activity-dependent recovery from stroke.
12-Deacetyl-12-epi-Scalaradial, a Scalarane Sesterterpenoid from a Marine Sponge Hippospongia sp., Induces HeLa Cells Apoptosis via MAPK/ERK Pathway and Modulates Nuclear Receptor Nur77
Authors: Zhou Mi , Peng Bo-Rong , Tian Wenjing , Su Jui-Hsin , Wang Guanghui , Lin Ting , Zeng Dequan , Sheu Jyh-Horng , Chen Haifeng
Published: July 2020

12-Deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial, a scalarane sesterterpenoid from a marine sponge Hippospongia sp, has been reported to possess cytotoxic activity on HepG2, MCF-7, and HCT-116 cells. However, there is no research to indicate that 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial exhibited anticancer effect on cervical cancer HeLa cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity of 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial against HeLa cells and to explore the mechanism. The results from a methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay suggested that 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial suppressed the proliferation of HeLa cells and flow cytometry analysis showed 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial could induce the apoptosis of HeLa cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial triggered apoptosis via mediating the extrinsic pathway and was found to suppress MAPK/ERK pathway which was associate with cancer cell death. Nur77, a critical number of orphan nuclear receptors, plays diverse roles in tumor development as a transcription factor and has been considered as a promising anticancer drug target. The dual-luciferase reporter assays suggested that 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial could selectively enhance the trans-activation activity of Nur77. Furthermore, Western blotting analysis and fluorescence quenching showed that 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial could induce the phosphorylation of Nur77 and interact with the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of Nur77. Our research confirmed 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial as a potential agent for cervical cancer therapy and provided a view that 12-deacetyl-12-epi-scalaradial may be a modulator of Nur77.
Comparison of Three Off-the-Shelf Visual Odometry Systems
Authors: Alapetite Alexandre , Wang Zhongyu , Hansen John Paulin , Zajączkowski Marcin , Patalan Mikołaj
Published: July 2020

Positioning is an essential aspect of robot navigation, and visual odometry an important technique for continuous updating the internal information about robot position, especially indoors without GPS (Global Positioning System). Visual odometry is using one or more cameras to find visual clues and estimate robot movements in 3D relatively. Recent progress has been made, especially with fully integrated systems such as the RealSense T265 from Intel, which is the focus of this article. We compare between each other three visual odometry systems (and one wheel odometry, as a known baseline), on a ground robot. We do so in eight scenarios, varying the speed, the number of visual features, and with or without humans walking in the field of view. We continuously measure the position error in translation and rotation thanks to a ground truth positioning system. Our result shows that all odometry systems are challenged, but in different ways. The RealSense T265 and the ZED Mini have comparable performance, better than our baseline ORB-SLAM2 (mono-lens without inertial measurement unit (IMU)) but not excellent. In conclusion, a single odometry system might still not be sufficient, so using multiple instances and sensor fusion approaches are necessary while waiting for additional research and further improved products.
Sensors Fusion and Multidimensional Point Cloud Analysis for Electrical Power System Inspection
Authors: Vidal Vinicius F. , Honório Leonardo M. , Dias Felipe M. , Pinto Milena F. , Carvalho Alexandre L. , Marcato Andre L. M.
Published: July 2020

Thermal inspection is a powerful tool that enables the diagnosis of several components at its early stages. One critical aspect that influences thermal inspection outputs is the infrared reflection from external sources. This situation may change the readings, demanding that an expert correctly define the camera position, which is a time consuming and expensive operation. To mitigate this problem, this work proposes an autonomous system capable of identifying infrared reflections by filtering and fusing data obtained from both stereo and thermal cameras. The process starts by acquiring readings from multiples Observation Points (OPs) where, at each OP, the system processes the 3D point cloud and thermal image by fusing them together. The result is a dense point cloud where each point has its spatial position and temperature. Considering that each point’s information is acquired from multiple poses, it is possible to generate a temperature profile of each spatial point and filter undesirable readings caused by interference and other phenomena. To deploy and test this approach, a Directional Robotic System (DRS) is mounted over a traditional human-operated service vehicle. In that way, the DRS autonomously tracks and inspects any desirable equipment as the service vehicle passes them by. To demonstrate the results, this work presents the algorithm workflow, a proof of concept, and a real application result, showing improved performance in real-life conditions.
Magnetic Stress Sensing System for Nondestructive Stress Testing of Structural Steel and Steel Truss Components Based on Existing Magnetism
Authors: Weng Guangyuan , Wang Jintao , Liu Yang , Zhu Xiyu , Dai Jianbo
Published: July 2020

To detect the stress of steel structures and members using the existing magnetism, a magnetic stress sensing system integrating a magnetic flux induction coil, a magnetic flux measurement device, a loaded device, and data acquisition software was developed. The magnetic coupling test research was carried out for different grades of structural building and bridge steel specimens to establish the magnetic stress flux mathematical model, and the fitting equation of the magnetic flux changes with the positions of different sections of specimens was analyzed. Furthermore, a practical formula for stress detection was obtained through the experiments. Meanwhile, on these bases, the typical steel truss structure model of a Bailey beam was designed and manufactured under different working conditions, nondestructive online stress testing was carried out, and the stress of the model structure and its members was measured by strain and magnetic flux tests to obtain the curves of the test results for the stress–strain and magnetic stress flux, respectively. The results of these two methods are in good agreement with each other. The stress of the steel truss model structure was analyzed and calculated using the finite element method. The results agreed well with the experimental results from the magnetic stress sensing system—the maximum error was about 5%, which meets the requirements of engineering applications.
An On-Device Deep Learning Approach to Battery Saving on Industrial Mobile Terminals
Authors: Choi Inyeop , Kim Hyogon
Published: July 2020

The mobile terminals used in the logistics industry can be exposed to wildly varying environments, which may hinder effective operation. In particular, those used in cold storages can be subject to frosting in the scanner window when they are carried out of the warehouses to a room-temperature space outside. To prevent this, they usually employ a film heater on the scanner window. However, the temperature and humidity conditions of the surrounding environment and the temperature of the terminal itself that cause frosting vary widely. Due to the complicated frost-forming conditions, existing industrial mobile terminals choose to implement rather simple rules that operate the film heater well above the freezing point, which inevitably leads to inefficient energy use. This paper demonstrates that to avoid such waste, on-device artificial intelligence (AI) a.k.a. edge AI can be readily employed to industrial mobile terminals and can improve their energy efficiency. We propose an artificial-intelligence-based approach that utilizes deep learning technology to avoid the energy-wasting defrosting operations. By combining the traditional temperature-sensing logic with a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier that visually checks for frost, we can more precisely control the defrosting operation. We embed the CNN classifier in the device and demonstrate that the approach significantly reduces the energy consumption. On our test terminal, the net ratio of the energy consumption by the existing system to that of the edge AI for the heating film is almost 14:1. Even with the common current-dissipation accounted for, our edge AI system would increase the operating hours by 86%, or by more than 6 h compared with the system without the edge AI.
Hyperspectral Leaf Image-Based Cucumber Disease Recognition Using the Extended Collaborative Representation Model
Authors: Li Yuhua , Luo Zhihui , Wang Fengjie , Wang Yingxu
Published: July 2020

Collaborative representation (CR)-based classification has been successfully applied to plant disease recognition in cases with sufficient training samples of each disease. However, collecting enough training samples is usually time consuming and labor-intensive. Moreover, influenced by the non-ideal measurement environment, samples may be corrupted by variables introduced by bad illumination and occlusions of adjacent leaves. Consequently, an extended collaborative representation (ECR)-based classification model is presented in this paper. Then, it is applied to cucumber leaf disease recognition, which constructs a pure spectral library consisting of several representative samples for each disease and designs a universal variation spectral library that deals with linear variables superimposed on samples. Thus, each query sample is encoded as a linear combination of atoms from these two spectral libraries and disease identity is determined by the disease of minimal reconstruction residuals. Experiments are conducted on spectral curves extracted from normal leaves and the disease lesions of leaves infected with cucumber anthracnose and brown spot. The diagnostic accuracy is higher than 94.7% and the average online diagnosis time is short, about 1 to 1.3 ms. The results indicate that the ECR-based classification model is feasible in the fast and accurate diagnosis of cucumber leaf diseases.
Characterisation of GNSS Carrier Phase Data on a Moving Zero-Baseline in Urban and Aerial Navigation
Authors: Ruwisch Fabian , Jain Ankit , Schön Steffen
Published: July 2020

We present analyses of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) carrier phase observations in multiple kinematic scenarios for different receiver types. Multi-GNSS observations are recorded on high sensitivity and geodetic-grade receivers operating on a moving zero-baseline by conducting terrestrial urban and aerial flight experiments. The captured data is post-processed; carrier phase residuals are computed using the double difference (DD) concept. The estimated noise levels of carrier phases are analysed with respect to different parameters. We find DD noise levels for L1 carrier phase observations in the range of 1.4–2 mm (GPS, Global Positioning System), 2.8–4.6 mm (GLONASS, Global Navigation Satellite System), and 1.5–1.7 mm (Galileo) for geodetic receiver pairs. The noise level for high sensitivity receivers is at least higher by a factor of 2. For satellites elevating above 30 ∘ , the dominant noise process is white phase noise. For the flight experiment, the elevation dependency of the noise is well described by the exponential model, while for the terrestrial urban experiment, multipath and diffraction effects overlay; hence no elevation dependency is found. For both experiments, a carrier-to-noise density ratio (C/N 0 ) dependency for carrier phase DDs of GPS and Galileo is clearly visible with geodetic-grade receivers. In addition, C/N 0 dependency is also visible for carrier phase DDs of GLONASS with geodetic-grade receivers for the terrestrial urban experiment.
Technologies Trend towards 5G Network for Smart Health-Care Using IoT: A Review
Authors: Ahad Abdul , Tahir Mohammad , Aman Sheikh Muhammad , Ahmed Kazi Istiaque , Mughees Amna , Numani Abdullah
Published: July 2020

Smart health-care is undergoing rapid transformation from the conventional specialist and hospital-focused style to a distributed patient-focused manner. Several technological developments have encouraged this rapid revolution of health-care vertical. Currently, 4G and other communication standards are used in health-care for smart health-care services and applications. These technologies are crucial for the evolution of future smart health-care services. With the growth in the health-care industry, several applications are expected to produce a massive amount of data in different format and size. Such immense and diverse data needs special treatment concerning the end-to-end delay, bandwidth, latency and other attributes. It is difficult for current communication technologies to fulfil the requirements of highly dynamic and time-sensitive health care applications of the future. Therefore, the 5G networks are being designed and developed to tackle the diverse communication needs of health-care applications in Internet of Things (IoT). 5G assisted smart health-care networks are an amalgamation of IoT devices that require improved network performance and enhanced cellular coverage. Current connectivity solutions for IoT face challenges, such as the support for a massive number of devices, standardisation, energy-efficiency, device density, and security. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of 5G assisted smart health-care solutions in IoT. We present a structure for smart health-care in 5G by categorizing and classifying existing literature. We also present key requirements for successful deployment of smart health-care systems for certain scenarios in 5G. Finally, we discuss several open issues and research challenges in 5G smart health-care solutions in IoT.
FedMed: A Federated Learning Framework for Language Modeling
Authors: Wu Xing , Liang Zhaowang , Wang Jianjia
Published: July 2020

Federated learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving technique for training a vast amount of decentralized data and making inferences on mobile devices. As a typical language modeling problem, mobile keyboard prediction aims at suggesting a probable next word or phrase and facilitating the human-machine interaction in a virtual keyboard of the smartphone or laptop. Mobile keyboard prediction with FL hopes to satisfy the growing demand that high-level data privacy be preserved in artificial intelligence applications even with the distributed models training. However, there are two major problems in the federated optimization for the prediction: (1) aggregating model parameters on the server-side and (2) reducing communication costs caused by model weights collection. To address the above issues, traditional FL methods simply use averaging aggregation or ignore communication costs. We propose a novel Federated Mediation (FedMed) framework with the adaptive aggregation, mediation incentive scheme, and topK strategy to address the model aggregation and communication costs. The performance is evaluated in terms of perplexity and communication rounds. Experiments are conducted on three datasets (i.e., Penn Treebank, WikiText-2, and Yelp) and the results demonstrate that our FedMed framework achieves robust performance and outperforms baseline approaches.
Multiangle Long-Axis Lateral Illumination Photoacoustic Imaging Using Linear Array Transducer
Authors: Uliana João H. , Sampaio Diego R. T. , Fernandes Guilherme S. P. , Brassesco María S. , Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello H. , Carneiro Antonio A. O. , Pavan Theo Z.
Published: July 2020

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) combines optical contrast with ultrasound spatial resolution and can be obtained up to a depth of a few centimeters. Hand-held PAI systems using linear array usually operate in reflection mode using a dark-field illumination scheme, where the optical fiber output is attached to both sides of the elevation plane (short-axis) of the transducer. More recently, bright-field strategies where the optical illumination is coaxial with acoustic detection have been proposed to overcome some limitations of the standard dark-field approach. In this paper, a novel multiangle long-axis lateral illumination is proposed. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate light delivery for three different illumination schemes: bright-field, standard dark-field, and long-axis lateral illumination. Long-axis lateral illumination showed remarkable improvement in light delivery for targets with a width smaller than the transducer lateral dimension. A prototype was developed to experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach. In this device, the fiber bundle terminal ends are attached to both sides of the transducer’s long-axis and the illumination angle of each fiber bundle can be independently controlled. The final PA image is obtained by the coherent sum of subframes acquired using different angles. The prototype was experimentally evaluated by taking images from a phantom, a mouse abdomen, forearm, and index finger of a volunteer. The system provided light delivery enhancement taking advantage of the geometry of the target, achieving sufficient signal-to-noise ratio at clinically relevant depths.
Information Sources and Constraints to Climate Change Adaptation amongst Smallholder Farmers in Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Popoola Oluwabunmi Oluwaseun , Yusuf Shehu Folaranmi Gbolahan , Monde Nomakhaya
Published: July 2020

With current global climate change conditions, the urgency to provide agricultural knowledge on adaptation has risen. The dearth of climate change information is one amongst many agricultural production challenges faced by the majority of rural farming communities. This study aimed to identify smallholder farmers’ sources of climate change information and constraints to their coping and adaptation. Descriptive statistical tools, mean scores and the ‘problem confrontation index’ (PCI) were used to assess and describe the study’s findings. Analysis revealed that public extension services play a minute role in rural farmers’ climate change knowledge; they get their information elsewhere. The most critical constraint to climate change coping and adaptation in the study area was lack of access to agricultural extension services.
Infectious and inflammatory processes leading to the eye damage. Principles of diagnosis and treatment
Authors:   City Polyclinic № 67, Moscow, Pronina Natalya
Published: July 2020

Infectious and inflammatory eye diseases are a fairly common pathology among ophthalmic diseases. The reason for the development of the infectious process can be noncompliance with personal hygiene rules, traumatic eye damage, contact with a person who has a similar pathology. In some cases development of an infectious and inflammatory process is observed against the background of a decrease in the general body resistance to the action of viral and bacterial agents. Most often infection affects eye against the background of diabetes mellitus, long-term use of hormonal drugs, and alcohol abuse. Symptoms of diseases are diverse and depend on the type of pathogen and what particular structural part of the eye is affected. Viruses (adenoviruses, herpes simplex virus), bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, gonococcus), chlamydia and even fungi can act as infecting agent. Conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis, uveitis, dacryocystitis, etc. are distinguished depending on what part of the eye is affected. Diagnosis of infectious and inflammatory processes affecting the organs of vision is carried out by visual inspection, using a slit lamp, if necessary, as well as taking sample for the microbiological test in order to determine the type of pathogen. Ultrasound or computed tomography is indicated in some cases.
Who invented the glasses and when
Authors: Danilenko Petr
Published: July 2020

Glasses, if to sort things out, are one of the most remarkable inventions of mankind, which has given millions of people the opportunity to perceive the world through vision. Prototype of the first glasses — they were the thinnest emerald plates enclosed in a bronze frame — was found in the tomb of Tutankhamun according to historical information. Ancient Greeks and Romans did not know the glasses unlike the ancient Egyptians and used pieces of rock crystal for reading, they preferred to use monocle prototypes, i.e., devices for one eye. Medieval monks also tried to use pieces of rock crystal or quartzite as lenses, which after some time they began to place in a frame. Arabs were the first to come up with a glass ball as an optical device. It is believed that glasses for the protection against the sun and sun glare were invented even earlier than glasses for vision correction. It is noteworthy that this invention belongs not to the southern, but to the northern peoples –inhabitants of Greenland were the first to come up with the use of bone plates with narrow slots that protected eyes from the snow shining in the bright sun.
Healthcare in Brazil
Authors: Frolova Elena
Published: July 2020

Brazil is the largest country in South America both in terms of population and area, while the country ranks fifth in the world in terms of territory. About 200 million people live in the country, the average life expectancy as of 2019 was 75.7 years, Portuguese is official language. Healthcare in Brazil at the present stage occupies a rightful place in the ranking of world health care systems. Not much is allocated for healthcare needs according to the European standards — about 8.5 % of GDP. However 1 % from any banking transaction in the country goes for medicine. At the same time the state pays close attention to health issues, fully providing financing for such costly areas as the treatment of HIV-associated pathology and hepatitis C, hemodialysis, and insulin therapy. But it was not always this way. Until 1988, before the right of all citizens to receive guaranteed medical care was enshrined in the Brazilian Constitution, healthcare in the country was available only to wealthy segments of the population, while the poor could only rely on the provision of medical services as part of charity. National Health System was established in the country in 1990 due to the adoption of the Constitution, which proclaimed the right to health as one of the fundamental human rights. Today, this system is one of the largest public health systems in the world, which covers provision of health care for about 200 million people. The country moved from the category of «recipient» of medical care at the world level to the category of «donor» not so long ago, and is very successful in this. This is one of the few states where public health interests of the nation are put above economic ones. This fact was confirmed during the tobacco control company. Brazil, being a major exporter of tobacco products, took an active part in this company, despite the fact that it suffered major economic losses [1].
July 8, 2020 — World Allergy Day
Authors: Rybachok Oksana
Published: July 2020

Decision to celebrate World Allergy Day was adopted in 2005 at the initiative of the World Allergy Organization. The purpose of the initiative is to inform the general public about the symptoms of allergic manifestations, to promote regular inspections and examinations. One third of the adult population of the Russian Federation and one fourth of children and adolescents periodically suffer from manifestations caused by allergies. This disease is an immunopathological response of the body to the action of an agent as a result of the development of sensitization to it. Currently, there is a tendency to a steady increase in the manifestations of allergic responses, scientists attribute this to the increasing use of various preservatives, chemicals, dyes, new drugs, and cosmetics in everyday life. The main symptoms and manifestations of allergies include runny nose, red eyes, lacrimation, wheezing, bronchospasm, shortness of breath, various skin rashes, and headache can sometimes appear. One of the most dangerous manifestations of allergy is anaphylactic shock, which manifests itself in the form of itching, severe respiratory failure, profuse sweating, thready pulse, and a drop in blood pressure. This condition can be fatal if medical assistance is not provided on time.
PEMBUATAN KAPASITOR DENGAN BAHAN TIMAH SELENIDA (SnSe) TEKNIK FILM TIPIS
Authors: Yusnidah Yusnidah
Published: July 2020

Thin film of selendia tin (SnSe) is made by the method of closed selenisation. Measurement of alternating current for samples in the form of enclosed structures with aluminum electrodes (Al/SnSe/Al) is carried out in the cryostat chamber at an intermediate temperature in the cryostat chamber at a temperature between (228-373) K. The parameters measured are capacitance for frequencies less than 50kHz, capacitance decreases, with respect to frequency and increases with temperature, whereas at frequencies greater than 50 kHz the capacity is fixed. The dielectric constant of the film is er = 12.13, calculated from the graph of capacitance with respect to the thickness of the sample (1/d).
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPEATIF TIPE TEMAS GAMES TOURNAMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA DI SMA NEGERI 5 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Nasution Robiatun Hasanah , Ginting Nurmaini , Syari Melvariani
Published: July 2020

This research aims is to find out the improvement of students' biology learning motivation through the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning model.The research method is classroom action research (CAR) carried out in two cycles, each of which consists of four stages, namely: the first stage of planning, the second stage of implementation, the third stage of observation, and the fourth stage of reflection.the results of the study: motivation of the first cycle 73.52% increased in the second cycle to 79.41% increase in the second cycle of 14.7%. Learning outcomes in the first cycle 73.52% increased in the second cycle to 79.41%. The increase in both cycles was 5.89%. Learning Management cycle I 89.33% increased almost perfectly in the second cycle to 92% increase in the second cycle to 2.67%. the results of observations of student in cycle I 65,21% in cycle II 73,78% increase in both cycles by 8.57%it can be concluded that students' biology learning motivation increases with the application of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning model.
ПОНЯТТЯ «ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧНЕ ПОЛЕ» Й «ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНЕ ПОЛЕ» В СУЧАСНОМУ МОВОЗНАВСТВІ
Authors: Книшенко Н. П.
Published: July 2020

У статті зауважено, що використання лінгвістичних термінів «лексико-семантичне поле» й «термінологічне поле» в сучасному мовознавстві ускладнюється існуванням їхніх різних тлумачень. У зв’язку із цим видається доцільним з’ясувати поняттєві обсяги відповідних лінгвістичних термінів і визначитися зі способом їх уживання. Висновковуємо, що поняття «термінологічне поле» в межах дослідження будь-якої термінологічної системи (ТС) корисне для констатації належності певної лексичної одиниці як терміна до відповідної термінологічної системи, а поняття лексико-семантичного поля важливе для вивчення системної організації термінів відповідної галузі знання як мовних одиниць.

Ключові слова: ЛСВ – лексико-семантичний варіант, ЛСГ – лексико-семантична група, ЛСП – лексико-семантичне поле, ТП – термінологічне поле, ТС – термінологічна система.
МОВНІ ЗАПОЗИЧЕННЯ НА ІСТОРИКО-ФІЛОЛОГІЧНОМУ ТЛІ
Authors: Сімонок В. П.
Published: July 2020

Статтю присвячено взаємодії української мови з англійською, французькою й німецькою мовами в процесі їх контактування. Ці мови обрано для дослідження через їхню поширеність і вплив на інші мови світу. Незважаючи на відмінності їхніх мовних картин світу, загальним залишається аспект логіко-психологічного мислення людини. У статті проаналізовано основні закономірності еволюції мови, установлено шляхи, засоби й причини запозичування, визначено функції запозичених слів та розглянуто історичні процеси, пов’язані з ними.

Ключові слова: запозичення, лексико-семантична група, асиміляція, мовна картина світу, еволюція, концептуальна картина світу.
ЛОКАТИВНА ФУНКЦІЯ ЗНАХІДНОГО ВІДМІНКА В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ І РОСІЙСЬКІЙ МОВАХ: ФАКТИ АСИМЕТРІЇ
Authors: Степаненко Н. С.
Published: July 2020

Стаття має за мету виявити феномени міжмовної асиметрії – встановити факти невідповідності між українськими й російськими акузативними синтаксемами на рівні семантики, формально-граматичної організації, функціональних особливостей та стилістичної спеціалізації. З’ясовано загальні риси симетрії на рівні реалізованих конкретними репрезентантами структурної моделі V+Prep+Nacc диференційованих значень (ідеться про синтаксичні конструкції з прийменниками В/У [рос. В], НА, ЧЕРЕЗ, КРІЗЬ [рос. СКВОЗЬ], ЗА, ПІД [рос. ПОД]). Основну увагу приділено характеристиці семантичної, формально-граматичної, стилістичної асиметрії українських конструкцій V+ПОВЗ+Nacc, V+МІЖ (МЕЖИ)+Nacc, V+ПОМІЖ (ПОМЕЖИ)+Nacc, V+ПЕРЕД+Nacc, V+ПОПЕРЕД+Nacc, V+НАД+Nacc, V+ПОНАД+Nacc. Установлено маркери їхньої семантичності (прийменники, детермінувальні дієслова, детерміновані іменники), функціональний потенціал, стилістичну ієрархію, за потреби – зв’язок з іншими неакузативними експлікаторами того або того просторового значення.

Ключові слова: споріднені українська й російська мови, локативні конструкції, локативні прийменники, асиметрія, диференційоване просторове значення.
УКРАЇНСЬКА МОВА В ШКІЛЬНІЙ ОСВІТІ ПІДРУМУНСЬКОЇ БЕСАРАБІЇ НА ПОЧАТКУ 1920‑х РОКІВ
Authors: Каруник К. Д.
Published: July 2020

Розвідка насвітлює деякі дотепер маловідомі сторінки румунської національної й освітньої політики на етнічно українських теренах у міжвоєнний період. Центральною є проблема дотримання мовних прав національних меншин у територіально розширеному по Першій світовій війні Румунському Королівстві, зокрема – мовних прав українців і використання української мови в освіті підрумунської Бесарабії. Дослідження здійснюється на засадах історичної соціолінгвістики й на матеріалі румунських і українських періодичних видань 1920–30-х рр. Історію питання доповнює й увиразнює текстологічний та лінгвістичний аналіз раритетного «Букваря», зладженого в Хотині 1921 р. для українських школярів.

Ключові слова: історична соціолінгвістика, мовні права національних меншин, українська мова в освіті, українські букварі й читанки, румунська політика міжвоєнної доби.
МОВНА РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦІЯ ОБРАЗУ МІФОЛОГІЧНОГО ГЕРОЯ В БРИТАНСЬКИХ Й УКРАЇНСЬКИХ МЕДІАТЕКСТАХ
Authors: Крапівнік Г. О.
Published: July 2020

Робота містить лінгвокультурологічний аналіз способів омовлення міфологічного образу героя в медіатекстах, присвячених процесу Брекзиту й виборів в Україні. Підтверджено, що медіатексти орієнтовані впливати на аудиторію, а тому активно застосовують міфологічні елементи для посилення такого впливу. Виявлено, що образ героя функціонує в медіатекстах не відокремлено, а в тісному зв’язку з есхатологічними мотивами, зокрема Апокаліпсису, й образами ворога, битви, війни, спасіння й чуда. Здійснено порівняння характеристик образу героя в британських й українських текстах.

Виявлено словотвірні гнізда й описано семантичні поля, асоційовані з відповідними образами.

Ключові слова: культурний герой, міфологічний образ, ворог, медіатекст, битва, есхатологічний мотив.
ВИДО-ЧАСОВІ ВІДНОШЕННЯ ЯК КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИЙ ЗАСІБ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ЛІРИЧНОГО ТВОРУ
Authors: Олексенко О. А.
Published: July 2020

У статті втілено задум з’ясувати роль послідовності й співвідношення видо-часових форм дієслова для організації поетичного тексту, оскільки ці форми моделюють хронотоп, що лежить в основі твору. Доведено, що композиційні можливості видо-часових форм залежать від їхніх типових й оригінальних функцій, з’ясовано поширеність тих чи тих форм у ліричних текстах, їхню кореляцію для вираження авторського задуму та участь у низці стилістичних прийомів і фігур. Дослідження граматичної, системної згрупованості видо-часових форм уможливлює виявлення мовних засобів організації текстів різного типу, зокрема й поетичних.

Ключові слова: видо-часові форми дієслова, граматична семантика, хронотоп, ретроспективна й проспективна темпоральні композиції твору, стилістичні прийоми.
Evaluation of titanium-prepared platelet-rich fibrin and leucocyteplatelet-rich fibrin in the treatment of intra-bony defects: Arandomized clinical trial
Authors: Gummaluri Shiva Shankar , Bhattacharya Hirak S , Astekar Madhusudan , Cheruvu Shivani
Published: July 2020

Background. Various treatment modalities, such as leucocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), bone grafts,and membranes, have been used for the restoration of lost periodontal tissues. Titanium-preparedplatelet-rich fibrin (T-PRF) has attracted attention for its proper haemocompatibility, thick fibrinmeshwork, and long resorption time. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of T-PRFand L-PRF in the management of intra-bony defects based on clinical and radiographic criteria. Methods. Twenty-six subjects with 34 intra-bony 3- walled defects were divided into two groups (n=17)and treated with T-PRF or L-PRF. Clinical and radiographic measurements were recorded at baselineand 6- , 3- and 9- month intervals and tabulated on Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. For intra- and intergroupcomparisons, paired and unpaired t-tests were performed. P<0.05 was set as statistically significant Results. Intra-group comparisons revealed statistically significant differences (P<0.05) from baseline inboth groups regarding clinical measurements. On intergroup comparison, the T-PRF group exhibited asignificantly higher defect fill compared to the L-PRF group (P<0.05). Conclusion. Within the limits of the present study, T-PRF seems to be a better alternative to L-PRF inthe treatment of intra-bony defects.
Evaluation of the accuracy of different apex locators in determiningthe working length during root canal retreatment
Authors: Tufenkci Pelin , Kalaycı Aylin
Published: July 2020

Background. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of three electronic apex locators (EALs) (DentaportZX [J Morita, Tokyo, Japan], Propex Pixi [Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland], and iPex II [NSK,Tokyo, Japan]) during root canal retreatment. Methods. The root canal lengths of 90 extracted single-rooted human teeth were determined under adental operating microscope at ×10 magnification. The actual working length (AWL) was 0.5 mm lessthan the root length. Electronic measurements were performed with the three EALs. The root canalswere instrumented and filled to the actual working length using the lateral compaction technique. Afterseven days, the teeth were retreated until the retreatment file was applied to the root canal at the workinglength determined by EALs, and then, the three EALs were used for determining the retreatmentworking length. Data were analyzed using chi-squared and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results. In the retreatment, the accuracy of EALs was reported at %83.3 for Dentaport ZX, %83.4 forPropex Pixi, and %80 for iPex II within a tolerance of 0.5± mm of the AWL. Conclusion. Under the limitations of this study, Dentaport ZX, Propex Pixi, and iPex II can be a usefuladjunct during retreatment. Clinicians should be aware that residual materials in the root canal duringretreatment can affect the accuracy of EALs.
Dietary Patterns in Pregnant Adolescents
Authors: Oliveira Rossés Maria Lucia , Perez Amanda Vilaverde , da Silveira Rafaela Corrêa , Alfama Cecilia , Sperb Marianna , Perez Aline Vilaverde , Valério Edimárlei Gonsales , Bosa Vera Lúcia , Vettorazzi Janete
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Adolescence and pregnancy increase nutritional needs. Pregnant adolescents have higher energy requirements to maintain maternal health and ensure adequate fetal growth and development.Aim:Identify patterns of diet consumption among Pregnant adolescents.
Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study between November 2014 and July 2016 among teenage mothers. Food intake was analyzed using asemiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We identified the food patterns as a posteriori using cluster analysis.
Results: 294 adolescents participated in the study. The mean age was 17.83 ± 1.29 years. Sixty-five percent of participants self-declared as Caucasian and 83.3% were primiparous. Pre-gestational BMI was 23.71 ± 5.04 kg/m2, and 42.9% of the sample showed excessive weight gain during pregnancy.
Konsep Aplikasi Masak Yuk! dengan Menggunakan Prinsip Design Thinking
Authors: Indahsari Charity Latanza , Sukoco Iwan
Published: July 2020

Design thinking is a design method that can provide a solution-based approach to solving a problem and is very useful in overcoming very complex problems. One of the technological developments in the culinary field is the emergence of applications that contain a variety of recipes. The purpose of this research is to make it easier for people who want to cook food at home without having to search one by one the ingredients to be cooked but by buying various packages of ingredients that are sold and can enjoy the video tutorial features of each existing food package. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Researchers used design thinking as an approach and also the thought process in finding concepts from an application. In addition, there are five stages in design thinking, namely empathy, define, ideate, prototype and test. The application "Masak Yuk!" is an application that contains cooking tutorials, tips about cooking and selling food ingredients packages. By using design thinking that was designed according to the needs of the community, the product could be well defined and the overall concept could be displayed.
La enseñanza-aprendizaje del proceso de atención de enfermería en estudiantes del noveno ciclo: una experiencia enriquecedora
Authors: Quispe Ramos Luz Estefany , Mogollón Torres Flor de María
Published: July 2020

Introducción: El Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE), es una herramienta básica en esta profesión, este ofrece una estrategia ordenada para resolver problemas y suministrar cuidados de enfermería, además es un instrumento a usarse a lo largo de la carrera de enfermería, por ello, es vital conocer cómo se está dando el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje  Objetivo: Describir, analizar y comprender las experiencias en la Enseñanza-Aprendizaje del PAE en estudiantes del noveno ciclo. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, de abordaje estudio de caso, cuya muestra fueron 16 estudiantes y 14 docentes de una Escuela de Enfermería; el muestreo se realizó por conveniencia y el tamaño se determinó por saturación y redundancia; los datos se recolectaron mediante una guía de entrevista semiestructurada, validada por juicio de expertos y por piloto; el análisis de datos fue mediante el análisis de contenido; se consideró siempre criterios de rigor científico y éticos. Resultados: Cinco categorías: (1) Enseñanza-aprendizaje del PAE: uso de la taxonomía NANDA, NIC, NOC y estrategias de enseñanza, (2) Experiencias en la aplicación del PAE en el contexto hospitalario y comunitario, (3) Experiencias en la evaluación de la enseñanza - aprendizaje del PAE, (4) Adquisición de habilidades en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del PAE y (5) Necesidad de estandarizar criterios en la enseñanza del PAE. Conclusión: No existe uniformidad en la enseñanza del PAE, lo cual genera dificultad en su aprendizaje; las mismas que influyen en la aplicación, ya sea en el ámbito hospitalario o comunitario; es evaluado desde la elaboración del informe hasta el acto de sustentación y su aplicación genera habilidades cognitivas y sociales en los estudiantes; asimismo, se reconoce como necesidad prioritaria la estandarización de la enseñanza del PAE.
Calidad de vida del adulto mayor hipertenso, Chota 2017
Authors: Herrera Ortiz José Uberli , Oblitas Gonzales Aníbal
Published: July 2020

Introducción: Con poblaciones que envejecen aceleradamente, la calidad de vida del adulto mayor en ocasiones se ve afectada por enfermedades como la hipertensión arterial que limita su interacción con el entorno cultural y con el sistema de valores en que vive. Objetivo: Determinar la Calidad de Vida, según características sociodemográficas del adulto mayor con hipertensión arterial que acudió al centro médico de EsSalud – Chota. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, desarrollado con una muestra censal de 120 adultos mayores diagnósticos con hipertensión arterial. La calidad de vida se determinó mediante la escala “Calidad de Vida en Pacientes con Hipertensión Arterial” (MINICHAL) de Badia et al. (2002). Las características sociodemográficas incluyeron: edad, sexo, procedencia, estado civil, grado de instrucción y ocupación laboral. Resultados: La mejor calidad de vida alcanzo al 77,5% de los participantes. Según dimensiones, 88,3 y 84,2% de adultos mayores manifestaron mejor nivel de salud en las dimensiones estado de ánimo y manifestaciones somáticas respectivamente. En todas las variables sociodemográficas la mejor calidad de vida está entre el 35 y 61,7%. Conclusión: La mejor calidad de vida del adulto mayor hipertenso es más frecuente en el sexo femenino, entre el grupo de 60 a 74 años, en la zona urbana, en los casados o convivientes, en aquellos con instrucción secundaria o superior, y en los que no tienen ocupación laboral alguna. La calidad de vida de la población adulta mayor podría mejorar mediante el fortalecimiento de la cobertura y calidad de los servicios de salud.
Mental health and well-being of police in a health pandemic: Critical issues for police leaders in a post-COVID-19 environment
Authors: Drew Jacqueline M. , Martin Sherri
Published: July 2020

Law enforcement is an occupational group that is more “at risk” of physical and psychological harm, as its members are called on to be first responders to critical incidents, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and traumatic events. This paper explores how the COVID-19 pandemic has provided new and somewhat unique conditions under which police must serve their communities. The scope of involvement and implications for the physical and psychological health and safety of law enforcement officers across the world is unprecedented—impacting every frontline officer on every shift. Build-ing on an evidence-based review of research from previous events such as the World Trade Center attacks on 9/11 and Hurricane Katrina, this paper develops key insights about the likely impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of police. A call to action for police chiefs and their leadership teams, including actionable recommendations to guide strategic and operational plans, is presented. Consideration must not only be given to the issues faced by police during the active COVID-19 period. Police chiefs and police leadership teams must plan and prepare now to meet the mental health legacy that COVID-19 will leave in its wake, months and possibly years later.