bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-thermal desorption of complex organic molecules
Authors: Dartois E. , Chabot M. , Id Barkach T. , Rothard H. , Augé B. , Agnihotri A. N. , Domaracka A. , Boduch P.
Published: June 2019

Context. The occurrence of complex organic molecules (COMs) in the gas phase at low temperature in the dense phases of the interstellar medium suggests that a non-thermal desorption mechanism is at work because otherwise, COMs should condense within a short timescale onto dust grains. Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodesorption has been shown to be much less efficient for complex organic molecules, such as methanol, because mostly photoproducts are ejected. The induced photolysis competes with photodesorption for large COMs, which considerably lowers the efficiency to desorb intact molecules.

Aims. We pursue an experimental work that has already shown that water molecules, the dominant ice mantle species, can be efficiently sputtered by cosmic rays. We investigate the sputtering efficiency of complex organic molecules that are observed either in the ice mantles of interstellar dense clouds directly by infrared spectroscopy (CH3OH), or that are observed in the gas phase by millimeter telescopes (CH3COOCH3) and that could be released from interstellar grain surfaces.

Methods. We irradiated ice films containing complex organic molecules (methanol and methyl acetate) and water with swift heavy ions in the electronic sputtering regime. We monitored the infrared spectra of the film as well as the species released to the gas phase with a mass spectrometer.

Results. We demonstrate that when methanol or methyl acetate is embedded in a water-ice mantle exposed to cosmic rays, a large portion is sputtered as an intact molecule, with a sputtering yield close to that of the main water-ice matrix. This must be even more true for the case of more volatile ice matrices, such as those that are embedded in carbon monoxide.

Conclusions. Cosmic rays penetrating deep into dense clouds provide an efficient mechanism to desorb complex organic molecules. Compared to the VUV photons, which are induced by the interaction of cosmic rays, a large portion desorb as intact molecules with a proportion corresponding to the time-dependent bulk composition of the ice mantle, the latter evolving with time as a function of fluence due to the radiolysis of the bulk.
Constraints on HD 113337 fundamental parameters and planetary system
Authors: Borgniet S. , Perraut K. , Su K. , Bonnefoy M. , Delorme P. , Lagrange A.-M. , Bailey V. , Buenzli E. , Defrère D. , Henning T. , Hinz P. , Leisenring J. , Meunier N. , Mourard D. , Nardetto N. , Skemer A. , Spalding E.
Published: June 2019

Context. HD 113337 is a main-sequence F6V field star more massive than the Sun. This star hosts one confirmed giant planet and possibly a second candidate, detected by radial velocities (RVs). The star also hosts a cold debris disc detected through the presence of an infrared excess, making it an interesting system to explore.

Aims. We aim to bring new constraints on the star’s fundamental parameters, debris disc properties, and planetary companion(s) by combining complementary techniques.

Methods. We used the VEGA interferometer on the CHARA array to measure the angular diameter of HD 113337. We derived its linear radius using the parallax from the Gaia Second Data Release. We computed the bolometric flux to derive its effective temperature and luminosity, and we estimated its mass and age using evolutionary tracks. Then, we used Herschel images to partially resolve the outer debris disc and estimate its extension and inclination. Next, we acquired high-contrast images of HD 113337 with the LBTI to probe the ~10–80 au separation range. Finally, we combined the deduced contrast maps with previous RVs of the star using the MESS2 software to bring upper mass limits on possible companions at all separations up to 80 au. We took advantage of the constraints on the age and inclination brought by fundamental parameter analysis and disc imaging, respectively, for this analysis.

Results. We derive a limb-darkened angular diameter of 0.386 ± 0.009 mas that converts into a linear radius of 1.50 ± 0.04 R⊙ for HD 113337. The fundamental parameter analysis leads to an effective temperature of 6774 ± 125 K and to two possible age solutions: one young within 14–21 Myr and one old within 0.8–1.7 Gyr. We partially resolve the known outer debris disc and model its emission. Our best solution corresponds to a radius of 85 ± 20 au, an extension of 30 ± 20 au, and an inclination within 10–30° for the outer disc. The combination of imaging contrast limits, published RV, and age and inclination solutions allows us to derive a first possible estimation of the true masses of the planetary companions: ~7−2+4 MJup for HD 113337 b (confirmed companion) and ~16−3+10 MJup for HD 113337 c (candidate companion). We also constrain possible additional companions at larger separations.
Rare earth element contents in high pCO2 groundwaters of Sakhalin Island (the Far East of Russia)
Authors: Chelnokov George , Bragin Ivan , Kharitonova Natalia
Published: June 2019

The geochemistry of rare earth elements in cold, high pCO2 mineral waters was studied through the sampling of springs and boreholes of Sakhalin Island (the Russian Far East). The main common features of studied waters are the Na-Cl-HCO3 hydrochemical type, high TDS (6–20 g/L), alkaline pH (6.2–7.4), and reducing environment (-195 to +62 mV). The North American Shale Composite-normalized patterns of groundwaters exhibited a heavy REEs enrichment with high positive Eu anomalies. Both, positive and negative Ce anomalies were detected in CO2-rich mineral waters. The distinct positive Eu/Eu* in waters indicates water-rock interaction processes and positive Ce/Ce* corresponds to reducing conditions. The various processes responsible for negative Ce anomaly in reducing environment are described.
Geochemistry of the rare earth elements in the sparkling groundwaters of the Caucasus ridge, Russia
Authors: Chirkova Evgenia , Baranovskaya Ekaterina , Kharitonova Natalia , Lavrushin Vasily , Chelnokov Georgy , Bragin Ivan
Published: June 2019

The paper presents data on the content and distribution of rare earth elements (REE) in the high pCO2 mineral waters of the Caucasus mountain-folded region. It is shown that the concentrations of REEtotal are rather high in the studied waters. However, they vary in a very wide range (from 0.46 to 50.37 µg/L). A characteristic feature of these waters is the predominance of light REE in comparison with heavy REE in them. The distinct correlation of REEtotal in the solution from the concentration of iron and aluminum in it indicates that the absolute contents of REE in the mineral waters of the region are regulated not only by pH and Eh of the solution but also by the content of these elements in it.
Supergene gold transformation in technogenic mineral formations
Authors: Khusainova Alfiia , Naumov Vladimir , Naumova Oksana
Published: June 2019

This article is about the research on gold obtained from mine wastes and other technogenic mineral formations. The authors investigated how solid phases of gold in supergene zone transform from various deposits. Results show the following supergene gold transformations by various physical, chemical, biological and mechanical processes occurring in the wastes. Transformations result in changes in morphology and chemical composition, and special redistribution of gold in wastes.
Anomalies in groundwater composition caused by earthquakes: examples and modeling issues
Authors: Kopylova Galina , Boldina Svetlana
Published: June 2019

The examples of modeling hydrogeochemical anomalies recorded in the observation wells and sources of Kamchatka caused by the preparation of strong local earthquakes and the impact of seismic waves are considered. As a working hypothesis explaining the formation of such anomalies, assumptions about the change of conditions (1) of mixing of two waters, contrasting in chemical composition and (2) interaction in the «water – rock» system are used.
Chemical equilibrium of groundwater with minerals of the host rocks in Upper Jurassic sediments (Arctic regions of Western Siberia)
Authors: Novikov Dmitry A.
Published: June 2019

The results of thermodynamic calculations for a water-rock system in the Upper Jurassic deposits of the Arctic regions of Western Siberia are presented. In the area under investigation the groundwaters have been identified with mineralization up to 63.3 g/L and various chemical composition and genesis. Despite the long interaction with the rock (150-160 ma) equilibrium with endogenous minerals (albite, microcline and anorthite) is practically not observed. At the same time, groundwaters are in equilibrium with clay minerals and micas, such as: Caand Na-montmorillonites, kaolinite, paragonite, margarite, illite, muscovite and Mg-chlorite. The establishment of a balance of groundwater with primary aluminosilicate minerals is also affected by interactions with carbonate minerals. The differences in composition of groundwater in equilibrium with certain aluminosilicates and carbonates indicate that the mineral changes are formed from a solution of a strictly defined chemical composition in an appropriate geochemical environment.
Noble gas geochemistry and chronology of groundwater in an active rift basin in central China
Authors: Pang Zhonghe , Li Jie , Tian Jiao
Published: June 2019

Stable noble gas isotopes are excellent groundwater tracers. Radioactive noble gases are emerging new tools in the study of groundwater circulation dynamics. Among these, the85Kr and81Kr, and39Ar have advanced very fast in recent years and exhibit strong potential in the reconstruction of the history of groundwater recharge and evolution in sedimentary basins at different scales. Here, we report the findings in groundwater circulation dynamics as relative to intensive water-rock interactions, heat transfer and He gas flux in Guanzhong Basin located in Xi’an, the geographical centre of China, which is a rift basin created by collision between the Eurasia and Indian plates, with active neotectonic activities. The recent technological breakthrough in noble gas isotope measurements, i.e. the atomic trap trace analysis (ATTA) techniques on Kr and Ar gas radionuclei, has revolutionized groundwater dating. Noble gas samples from shallow and deep wells to 3000 m depth have been collected to study isotope variations to reconstruct the history of groundwater recharge and understand the water-rock interaction processes. Stable isotopes of water show strong water-rock interaction in the formation, creating a strong positive O-isotope shift up to 10 ‰, a phenomenon that is rarely seen in a fairly low temperature environment. Analysis of85Kr and81Kr show groundwater ages up to 1.3 million years old along both North-South and a West-East cross sections, which offers strong evidence about the slow moving flow, strong water-rock interaction, rich geothermal resources as well as He gas resources.
Interaction of B-rich supercritical magmatic fluids with granite: first report of dumortierite in Larderello, Italy
Authors: Puxeddu Mariano
Published: June 2019

In a peraluminous two-mica monzogranite cored at 4.5 km depth in well Radicondoli 29, dumortierite occurs together with andalusite, Li-rich tourmaline, fluorite and fluorapatite. The average composition is SiO2: 30.9, Al2O3: 58.6, FeO: 0.44, MgO: 0.47, CaO: 0.02, F: 0.15. Dumortierite crystallized from supercritical magmatic fluids at T =520-620°C, P = 100 ± 30 MPa. Synthetic fluid inclusions yielded T = 510 ± 10°C, P = 42 ±3 MPa at 2.9 km depth in well Venelle 2. All data suggest present-day T = 450-550°C, P = 40-80 MPa. The supercritical magmatic fluids were hypersaline brines with ~ 30 wt % LiCl and up to 2.4 wt % F, extreme contents that can be found only in pegmatites, aplites and leucogranites. Larderello granites derived from partial melting of a lower crust made up of interlayered metasediments and amphibolites. Extensive melting took place in the lower crust during the last 10 Ma owing to extensional tectonics, lithosphere thinning, roll back or break down of the west merging Adria plate and swelling of the asthenosphere below the western side of the Apennines.
Seawater-rock interaction at Ushishir volcano-hydrothermal system, Kuril Islands
Authors: Taran Yuri , Kalacheva Elena
Published: June 2019

Ushishir volcano is located in the middle of the Kuril Arc. The Ushishir crater, a closed bay connected with the ocean by a narrow and shallow strait is characterized by a strong hydrothermal activity. Boiling springs, hot pools, fumaroles and shallow submarine vents are manifestations of a magmatic-seawater hydrothermal system with the discharging solution similar in chemical and isotopic composition to the seafloor hydrothermal fluids. The main features of the Ushishir fluids are: (1) water has close to zero δD and a large oxygen isotopic shift (6 7‰); (2) high boron concentration (~70 ppm); (3) a significant uptake of Ca and Sr from the rock and Ca/Sr higher than that for seawater with 87Sr/86Sr ~0.7037, a bit higher than the rock value (0.7032). The measured onshore discharge of boiling water is ~ 5 kg/s; however, a large plume of the discoloured seawater releasing from the outer submarine slope of the volcano indicates a much higher total mass and heat output.
Sources of metasilicate in mineral water of Jingyu County, northeastern China
Authors: Xiao Changlai , Yuan Yajie , Liang Xiujuan , Yang Weifei , Sun Ying
Published: June 2019

The source of metasilicate in mineral water of Jingyu County. located in Changbai Mountains of northeastern China, was analysed through two groups of water-rock interaction experiments. One is a hydrolysis immersion experiment using basalt and the other is an immersion experiment utilizing a mixture of soil, scoria, and clastic basalt under the same conditions. Results indicate that the metasilicate in mineral water is mainly derived from the hydrolysis of silicates and silica in the basalt, scoria, and soil. In the first immersion experiment, the release of metasilicate is linear, with dissolved metasilicate increasing continuously through time at a stable release rate of about 0.01 mg/(kg·day). The second experiment indicates that the contribution of soil and scoria to metasilicate in mineral water is higher than that of clastic basalt under the same conditions.
Microorganisms of various ecological-trophic groups in the saline ground waters of Primorsky Region (distribution, number, participation in accumulation of microelements)
Authors: Lebedeva Elena , Chelnokov Georgy , Bragin Ivan , Kharitonova Natalia
Published: June 2019

A small number of ecological-trophic groups of bacteria are noted in saline groundwater’s (30-50 g/L). The obtained data show, that thionic and halophilic forms of saprophytic bacteria dominated, developing in presence of 10% NaCl. Among saprophytic microorganisms, rod-shaped forms of the genus Microbacterium sp. significantly dominated. A significant accumulation of Cu, Co and light REEs by brine microbial communities is shown.
Geochemical conditions of oil and gas potential of the South Caspian basin on the basis of pyrolytic studies of mud volcanoes
Authors: Mustaev Rustam , Ismailov Javidan , Serikova Uliana
Published: June 2019

This paper provides the results of geochemical studies with products of mud volcanoes conducted for a purpose of evaluating the generative potential of the South-Caspian basin. The kerogen types have been identified for different stratigraphic intervals and stages of the organic matter (OM) thermal maturity have been determined. A correlation has been established between the generative potential and the basin deposition and subsidence rate.
Alkanes in a number of hydrothermal systems of the Russian Far East
Authors: Poturay Valery
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of research dedicated to saturated hydrocarbons in the hydrothermal systems of the Russian Far East. The research has revealed significant differences in molecular-mass distribution of alkanes in the hot springs with different temperatures and origin. Alkanes, contained in the most high-temperature fluid from deep wells in Kamchatka peninsula , have the thermogenic genesis. At the same time alkanes, contained in the continental hot springs, are formed as a result of chemical re-synthesis of organic residues. In the least hot waters, as well as in cold underground and surface waters, hydrocarbons with bacterial and vegetable genesis have been revealed.
Comparison of different approaches for bioleaching of a granite-type uranium ore
Authors: Chen Gongxin , Sun Zhanxue , Liu Yajie , Liu Jinhui , Hu Baoqun , Zhang Hongjun
Published: June 2019

Uranium bioleaching has been rapidly developed in China during recent years. However, some problems during bioleaching, such as low uranium leaching efficiency for rocks lacking pyrite, remain to be solved. A granite type uranium deposit from southern China was selected for the study of U bioleaching with addition of pyrite. Experiments using four approaches, including (i) pyrite ores mixing with culture, (ii) pyrite tiled on the surface of ores with culture, (iii) no pyrite ores with culture, and (iv) pyrite ores without culture were examined in this study. Results showed that bacteria can improve U leaching efficiency, particularly by adding pyrite into ore. Approach (i) pyrite ores mixing with culture had the highest U concentration and the highest recovery rate of the four approaches. No significant difference was observed between approaches (ii) pyrite tiled on the surface of ores with culture and (iii) no pyrite ores with culture.
Kinetic control on the distribution of secondary precipitates during CO2-basalt interactions
Authors: Hellevang Helge , Wolff-Boenisch Domenik , Nooraiepour Mohammad
Published: June 2019

A combined experimental and numerical study was undertaken to better understand the spatial distribution of secondary mineral growth along a basalt column. The work demonstrated that few and large crystals formed at random locations. This can only be explained in terms of an overall control by mineral nucleation. The main implication is that a new probabilistic approach must be developed in order to get the overall kinetics and the distribution of crystal growth in the numerical models right.
Zn sorption on Ca-illite and Ca-smectite: experiment and modelling
Authors: Latrille Christelle , Wissocq Aubéry , Beaucaire Catherine
Published: June 2019

To predict Zn behaviour in soil, the retention properties of clay minerals plays a relevant role. In a continental environment, Ca is the main cation in solution. Soil reactivity may be reduced to sorption properties of Zn and Ca on illite and smectite, the major clay minerals in soil. With this assumption, a multi-site ion exchanger model has successfully been applied to the Zn sorption on Ca-illite and Ca-smectite. New batch experiments performed in this study enabled to collect sorption data for Zn on Ca-illite by concentration and pH isotherms. Zn sorption reversibility was then verified. These sorption data were modelled successfully with a multi-site ion exchanger (MSIE) formalism by using four sorption site types. Zn sorption isotherms on smectite were retrieved from literature and interpreted following the MSIE formalism. The obtained selectivity coefficients may be thereafter put into ion exchange models to describe the Zn sorption in natural environments.
Thermodynamic modeling in solving some issues of inland saline ecosystems
Authors: Gaskova Olga L. , Strakhovenko Vera D.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this work was to show some examples of using thermodynamic modeling to understand quantitatively the water-rock interaction processes in salt lakes systems. The systems of small lakes located compactly are convenient to comparative modeling, because this permits minimization of the number of variables in the model (the climatic, geomorphological and geological specifics, water balance in the same watershed area). Nevertheless, it turns out that each lake is a relatively autonomous system (natural biogeocenosis, formed as a result of diagenesis). Due to the conjugate processes of biogenic and inorganic interactions, they are in a steady state, which has been fixed during the geochemical sampling in the field.
Geochemical modelling for mine site characterization and remediation
Authors: Nordstrom D. Kirk
Published: June 2019

Although substantial advances in geochemical modelling have improved our ability to understand and improve mine site characterization and remediation, the limitations of modelling are often underappreciated. Modelers must have expertise in chemistry, geology, hydrology, geochemistry, and microbiology. Those who use codes must understand inorganic chemistry, thermodynamics, and kinetics for water-rock interactions. They must understand that code output is only useful insofar as they understand the limitations of the database and the built-in assumptions. A brief overview of geochemical code development in this paper reveals strengths and weaknesses in modelling capability. Because early predictions of water quality after mine closure often bear little resemblance to actual conditions, this approach should not be relied upon for permitting. Complex large-scale mine sites are not readily amenable to future predictions of hydrogeochemical conditions through modelling, however, modelling can constrain the possible and probable processes that give rise to specific water compositions. Modelling can also help guide remediation planning to find the most cost-effective alternative. Examples are provided for the Questa, New Mexico natural background study, the Summitville Mine, Colorado, and the Pinal Creek Basin, Arizona acid-contaminated aquifer.
Evaluation of REE potential in Portuguese legacy mines
Authors: Dias M. Isabel , Prudêncio M. Isabel , Waerenborgh J. Carlos , Paiva M. Isabel , Marques Rosa , Vieira Bruno J.C. , Russo Dulce , Lobarinhas Daniela , Carvalho Edgar , Rosa Carlos
Published: June 2019

REE have unique properties that are mostly used to manufacture high tech devices. Most REE have geochemical properties that cause them to be typically dispersed and not often found in concentrated and economically exploitable forms, and difficult to separate. The ENVIREE project aims to develop environmentally friendly and efficient methods for their extraction from secondary sources. REE contents of tailings from four legacy mining sites have been obtained by INAA and analysed by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. REE concentrations in the tailings of Covas and Cumieira are more dependent on the REE contents of the primary ores and the treatment to extract the target metals than on the nano-sized oxides present. The tailings’ size, REE contents and Mössbauer results support the selection of the Covas tailing as the one to be submitted for further steps of REE extraction on the framework of the project.
Chemical elements migration in water-travertin system (Tomsk region, Russia)
Authors: Lepokurova Olesya
Published: June 2019

To assess the mobility of chemical elements in carbonate, formation processes have calculated the water migration coefficient -Kx and the geochemical mobility coefficient -Kn. The series of geochemical mobility were constructed. The elements that can be deposited and that can be accumulated in water have been distinguished. It is shown that anionic elements - Cl, S, Br, I, U, As, as well as elements such as Na, Mg, Mo, Zr well pass into solution from rocks and remain in the water. Elements such as Ca, Fe, Al, Mn, Si, Ba, Zn, Pb, Co, Hg, Ti, La, Ag, Sn, Cr are most fully deposited in travertines.
Geochemistry of calcite-precipitating waters of the European Northeast
Authors: Mityusheva Tatiana P.
Published: June 2019

The geochemistry of natural calcite-precipitating waters of the European northeast was presented in this paper. The chemical composition and main hydro-chemical type of these surface and underground waters are various, TDS from 239 to 2090 mg/L. The waters are supersaturated with respect to calcite, there are favorable hydrochemical conditions for formation recent continental carbonates (calcareous tufa, charophyta, calcareous crusts on macrophytes) in the conditions of moderate continental climate.
Aluminium release by water-rock interaction during hydraulic tests in a siliciclastic aquifer in Berlin (Germany)
Authors: Regenspurg Simona , Blöcher Guido , Kranz Stefan , Saadat Ali
Published: June 2019

Two hydraulic tests of a Triassic sandstone aquifer were performed to determine hydraulic and geochemical parameters of the reservoir formation. Samples collected during all tests showed neutral and constant pH-value of about 7.5. During the initial step rate test, the aluminium concentration of the water remained below 0.005 mM, but it increased significantly during the production phase of the following single well push-pull test to 4.8 mM. Drill cuttings of the well, collected at reservoir depth (Exter Fm. and the overlaying Tertiary sand), were additionally characterized and used for leaching experiments. These experiments evidenced a strong release of aluminium from the Tertiary, pyrite containing sand, indicating processes of pyrite oxidation being responsible for aluminium mobilization.
Hydrogeochemical and isotopic study of the origins of groundwater salinization in the deep confined aquifer of northern Yangtze River
Authors: Zhao Qi , Su Xiaosi , Gan Yiqun
Published: June 2019

The deep confined water of coastal plain of northern Yangtze River suffers salinization. That results from overexploitation. This work aims to investigate the geochemical processes that lead to the salinization for this aquifer. Multiple environmental tracers of major ions, minor ions and isotopes (18O, 87Sr, 13C) were used to yield reasonable conclusions. The TDS of the aquifer ranges from 387 to 2600 mg/L. The aquifer is mainly composed of fresh water. Brackish water is distributed in the eastern and southern coastal areas, and is scattered in some inland areas. The water chemical type evolves from HCO3-Na to Cl-Na as TDS increases. Groundwater salinization is caused by mixing with saline water of marine origin. The aquifer is also affected by other hydrochemical processes. Silicate weathering and carbonate dissolution add Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3- to groundwater. Sulfate reduction makes sulfate be deficient and HCO3- be enriched. Carbonate minerals equilibrium limits the increase in the concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3-. Cation exchange reduces the concentration of Ca2++Mg2+ and increases the concentration of Na++K+. The aforementioned processes have a combined influence on the formation of fresh water with HCO3-Na type.
Chemical alteration of the Pleistocene sediments under influence basaltic sills in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California
Authors: Goncharov Evgenii , Kurnosov Victor , Konovalov Yurii , Geptner Alfred , Galin Konstantin , Ignatyev Nikolaii
Published: June 2019

In Guaymas Basin of the Gulf of California Holes DSDP 478 и 481A were drilled (Ocean Drilling Program). Studying of the cores from the holes showed the alteration of chemical composition of sediments in zones of contacts with basaltic sills. In the altered sediments strong decreased content in the Corg. Especially strong it occurs in sediment, that is located between sills in complex of thin sills. In these sediments also strong decreased contentin the Li, Cu, As, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Ta, W, Tl, Pb, Bi.For the first time in Upper Pleistocene sediments altered under conditions short-time hydrothermal systems that were formed by intruded sills into sediment cover was analysis wide spectrum of microelements, including rare earth elements.
Isotopes & Geochemistry: Tools For Geothermal Reservoir Characterization (Kamchatka Examples)
Authors: Kiryukhin Alexey , Voronin Pavel , Zhuravlev Nikita , Polyakov Andrey , Rychkova Tatiana , Lavrushin Vasily , Kartasheva Elena , Asaulova Natalia , Vorozheikina Larisa , Chernev Ivan
Published: June 2019

The thermal, hydrogeological, and chemical processes affecting Kamchatka geothermal reservoirs were studied by using isotope and geochemistry data: (1) The Geysers Valley hydrothermal reservoirs; (2) The Paratunsky low temperature reservoirs; (3) The North-Koryaksky hydrothermal system; (4) The Mutnovsky high temperature geothermal reservoir; (5) The Pauzhetsky geothermal reservoir. In most cases water isotope in combination with Cl- transient data are found to be useful tool to estimate reservoirs natural and disturbed by exploitation recharge conditions, isotopes of carbon-13 (in CO2) data are pointed either active magmatic recharge took place, while SiO2 and Na-K geothermometers shows opposite time transient trends (Paratunsky, Geysers Valley) suggest that it is necessary to use more complicated geochemical systems of water/mineral equilibria.
Primary data on the impact from trap magmatism on the hydrogeochemistry of brines in the southwestern part of the Kureyka syncline (Siberian Platform)
Authors: Novikov Dmitry A. , Zhitova Lyudmila M. , Dultsev Fedor F. , Chernykh Anatoliy V.
Published: June 2019

The new data on the trap magmatism affecting the hydrogeochemistry of brines in southwestern Kureyka syncline in the west of the ancient Siberian platform are presented. The brines occurring in Paleozoic and Proterozoic deposits have salinity (total dissolved solids) varying broadly: from 30.2 to 469.6 g/dm3 for Na Cl, Na-Ca Cl, Ca-Na Cl, Ca-Mg Cl and Ca Cl types, among which the mixed types (Ca-Na Cl and Na-Ca Cl) are found prevailing. The activity of intrusive trap magmatism in the contact zone (with a strike length of up to 400 m) facilitated the disintegration of organic compounds in the free and water-dissolved form (CH4, C2H6, C3H8, iC4H10, nC4H10, iC5H12, nC5H12, C6H14, I, B, NH4). The reaction of the intruding traps brines interaction significantly affected the initial composition of brines, showing a shift towards their saturation with iron, aluminum, silica and other components and thus bearing the evidence of possible salt-induced metal extraction from magmatic melts into an ore-bearing fluid.
Suitability evaluation of groundwater from the Skhira coastal aquifer of east-central Tunisia for use as drinking water
Authors: Hamzaoui-Azaza Fadoua , Trabelsi Rihem , Bouhlila Rachida
Published: June 2019

The Skhira coastal aquifer is located in east central Tunisia. It is already affected by the intrusion of saline water phenomena. This study evaluated the suitability of aquifer groundwater various using data on chemical and physical data from 31 wells for the decade from 2000-10. Salinity increases in the direction of flow and exceeds 10 g/L in the northeast region. Groundwater composition is controlled primarily by the concentrations of sodium, chlorides and sulphates. The majority of the groundwater samples are not potable.
Distribution of antibiotics in the vadose zone in Xiaodian Sewage Irrigation Area, Northern China
Authors: Li Jiale , Dong Yihui , Sun Zhanxue , Ding Huijun
Published: June 2019

Because of water shortages, the Xiaodian area in northern China had a long history of sewage irrigation. To study the distribution of antibiotics in the vadose zone, a sewage sample and 5 soil profiles were collected and analyzed. Macrolides and Fluoroquinolones were the main antibiotics observed in the shallow vadose zone. The contents of antibiotics in the soil profile nearby the sewage irrigation area were 2-3 times greater than in the groundwater irrigation area, indicating that sewage irrigation has had a significant impact on the contents of antibiotics in the soil. The elevation of antibiotic contents during the wet season is likely related to the fluctuating water level within the shallow vadose zone. The distribution of antibiotics is influenced by the flow direction of irrigation water. Moreover, the possibility of introducing antibiotics into the soil of the shallow vadose via the lateral recharge of sewage in the Beizhang Drainage Canal can not be excluded. Approximately 50 % of Fluoroquinolones were reduced in the upper 50 cm of the soil zone and 70 % at 80 cm depth. Tetracyclines may have experienced significant lateral migration. Macrolides and Sulfonamides (SMs) have similar soil profile distributions, with a concentration decrease down to 20 cm depth.
Determining the geochemical hazard of drinking water: Case studies from the Novogorsk and the Aprelevka districts, Moscow Region, Russia
Authors: Mikhaylichenko K.Y. , Dorontsova A.Y. , Maksimova O.A. , Adarchenko I.A. , Kurbatova A.I.
Published: June 2019

This study analyzed the composition of tap water quality in the centralized water supply systems of Novogorsk and Aprelevka districts of the Moscow region, Russia for compliance with hygienic standards as an assessment of health risk. The formulation of this topic results from the urgency of environmental safety within urban areas, which requires the development of theoretical and methodological capabilities for the forecast and management of technological risks associated with anthropogenic pollution.
Distribution characteristics of dissolved oxygen and stable isotope compositions of shallow groundwater in the vicinity of an inland nuclear power plant, HK, China
Authors: Zan Jinjing , Dong Yihui , Zhang Weimin , Xu Weidong , Li Jiale , Gao Bai , Hu Fawang , Wang Qiaohuan
Published: June 2019

The hydrochemical and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositional characteristics of surface and shallow groundwaters in the vicinity of HK nuclear power plant in Jiangxi Province of China. Dissolved oxygen (DO) contents of shallow groundwaters range between 1.75 to 19.40 mg/L, with variations related to well depth, groundwater level, and oxidation-reduction potential. Respective ranges of δD and δ18O (‰ VSMOW) in shallow groundwaters are -40.7 to -24.9 and -6.71 to -5.40, with average values of -31.8 and -5.87. The δD-δ18O relationship for the study area is δD = 8.3δ18O +16.8, indicating that atmospheric precipitation is the major recharge source of shallow groundwaters.
Impacts of groundwater extraction on groundwater flow and arsenic distribution in the western Hetao Basin, Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Guo Huaming , Zhao Weiguang , Weng Haicheng
Published: June 2019

Temporal variations in water levels are crucial for understanding As behaviour in groundwater systems. Groundwater levels were recorded in irrigation wells in non-irrigation and irrigation seasons. Groundwater samples were collected yearly in irrigation wells from 2014 to 2016 and in a multilevel well from 2015 to 2016 for analysing geochemical parameters. Results showed that groundwater flow direction was reversed due to groundwater pumping. The change of groundwater flow led to the surface water, as a new groundwater recharge source, which flushed the near-surface sediments enriched in soluble components and increased groundwater TDS. The labile organic matter introduced by the surface water recharge fueled dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) oxides and further increased groundwater As concentration.
Radioactive elements in atmospheric precipitations of the Western Siberia
Authors: Melgunov Mikhail , Mezina Kseniya , Sherbov Boris , Vosel Yuliya , Zhurkova Inna , Belyanin Dmitriy
Published: June 2019

The radionuclide composition of the atmospheric precipitations (rain and snow) fell out on the territory of the South of the Western Siberia in 2016-2017 was studied. It is shown that, the maximum of deposition of 7Be and 210Pb were observed in a foothill zone (618 and 171 Bq/m2), the minimum in the Alpine zone (104 and 27 Bq/m2), for the forest-steppe zone these values are 237-340 Bq/m2 and 73-93 Bq/m2. Deposition density of 137Cs in comparison with 210Pb and 7Be is small and does not exceed 1 Bq/m2. Average values of total specific activities of 210Pb and 7Be in rain waters are 242 and 2434 mBq/l, in the snowmelt 506 and 1611 mBq/l. 7Be/210Pb activity ratio in rain waters more than three times higher, than in snowmelt: 10,1 to 3,2. The highest values of 7Be/210Pb activity ratios are observed in the finest fraction (<0.45 µm) of the suspended matter: 19 in rain and 10 in snowmelt waters.
Study on the influence of water-rock interaction on streamflow conductivity based on hydrograph separation
Authors: Yang Weifei , Xiao Changlai , Liang Xiujuan , Zhang Zhihao
Published: June 2019

The conductivity of the streamflow is controlled by the content of the dissolved components, which mainly come from the water-rock interaction of the baseflow. This paper showed that the conductivity sequence controlled by water-rock interaction in the runoff process can be screened out by the two-parameter recursive filter method. The analysis of the streamflow and conductivity series of USGS gauge numbered 02298202 from October 2005 to October 2009 showed that the water-rock interaction controls the conductivity characteristics of the stage of streamflow recession. And with the increase of water-rock interaction time (T), the conductivity of the streamflow increases in a power function, which satisfies the equationC= 252.92T0.262.
Isotopic communication across the water – rock interface: Preservation in solids and signatures in fluids
Authors: Druhan Jennifer L. , Fernandez Nicole
Published: June 2019

Water – rock interactions are characteristically associated with isotopic fractionation between phases, yet their remains significant uncertainty in the degree to which these isotope ratios record the conditions of mineral formation or equilibration, and thus their fidelity as proxy records. Here, we present a novel generic modeling framework allowing sub-grid scale tracking of the isotopic signatures recorded in newly formed minerals over the timescale of precipitation and continued isotopic exchange between phases. We demonstrate that the surface area of the solid phase strongly influences the extent to which isotopes reflect the conditions of formation through time.
Processes Responsible of Variations in the δ18O – δD values of Thermal Waters from the Kuril Islands (Russia)
Authors: Kalacheva Elena
Published: June 2019

Many active and dormant volcanoes of the Kuril Islands host hydrothermal systems which discharge acid to ultra-acid SO4-Cl (Cl-SO4) and SO4 waters. On some island, hot near-neutral Na-Cl waters can be found discharging in coastal hot springs. Four main different isotopic shifts relative to the local meteoric water line can be observed in the corresponding δD vs. δ18O diagram. For the acid Cl-SO4 waters discharging within thermal fields on volcano slopes, there is a clear mixing trend between meteoric water and volcanic vapor. Steam-heated SO4 waters demonstrate trends indicating kinetic fractionation at temperatures close to the boiling-point. For the coastal springs, the trend is apparently a mixing line between meteoric and seawater. The δ18O-shift for deep thermal waters is related to isotopic exchange with host rock but there is also a clear latitude effect in the isotopic composition of the meteoric endmember.
K-Ar dating by smectite extracted from bentonite formations
Authors: Nakata Eiji , Yukawa Mei , Okumura Hiroshi , Hamada Masaaki
Published: June 2019

We attempt to apply K-Ar dating to extracted smectite from bentonite formations collected by different age formations from Japan, China, and America. The results show that the K-Ar ages of smectite are younger than the expected geological age estimated from the stratigraphic data or other research data. The time differences increase with increased age, and K-Ar ages in this study also increase with increased age. For example, smectite in the old strata of bentonite has an older age than smectite in the young strata. K-Ar dating by smectite has the greatest potential for indicating the crystallized age of smectite.
„Ich liebe diesen Beruf so sehr, dass ich dafür kämpfen werde“ – Rieke Guhl
Authors: Guhl Rieke , van Hülsen Madita
Published: June 2019

Wenn sie über ihren Beruf spricht, fangen Rieke Guhls Augen an zu leuchten. Und sie kämpft für das, was sie liebt: Ergotherapie! Denn die Hamburgerin möchte dringend etwas an den Arbeitsbedingungen von Heilmittelerbringern verändern. Den Anfang machte sie 2018 mit der Kreideaktion, die durch alle Medien ging. Warum sie trotzdem über eine berufliche Pause nachdenkt, hat sie ergopraxis im Interview erzählt.
Wenn das Leben zur Last wird – Suizidprävention
Authors: Schneider Barbara , Wolfersdorf Manfred , Wurst Friedrich M.
Published: June 2019

Im psychiatrischen Setting kommen Ergotherapeuten immer wieder mit suizidalen Personen in Kontakt. Im Akutfall sind das Erkennen von Warnzeichen und das Wissen um Risikofaktoren wichtig, um zu einer erfolgreichen Suizidprävention beitragen zu können.
Paragangliomas in Carney–Stratakis Syndrome
Authors: Khurana Arushi , Mei Lin , Faber Anthony C. , Smith Steven C. , Boikos Sosipatros A.
Published: June 2019

Carney-Stratakis Syndrome (CSS) comprises of paragangliomas (PGLs) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Several of its features overlap with Carney Triad (CT) - PGLs, GISTs, and pulmonary chondromas. CSS has autosomal dominant inheritance, incomplete penetrance, and greater relative frequency of PGL over GISTs. The PGLs in CSS are multicentric and GISTs are multifocal in all the patients, suggesting an inherited susceptibility and associating the two manifestations. In this review, we highlight the clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics of CSS, along with its diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
Association Between Urinary Catecholamine Excretion and Urine Volume
Authors: Haap Michael , Blaschka Friedemann , Lehmann Rainer , Hoyer Annika , Müssig Karsten
Published: June 2019

Several confounders must be considered in the evaluation of urinary catecholamine excretion. However, literature is contradictory about potential confounders. The aim of the present study was to assess correlations between catecholamine excretion and anthropometric or clinical parameters with special attention to urine volume. A total of 967 24-h urinary catecholamine measurements were performed in 593 patients for diagnostic purposes. The indication for urine examination was suspicion of secondary hypertension, phaeochromocytoma, or paraganglioma. From the patients examined, 57% were females and 43% were males. The patients’ age ranged between 15 and 87 years with a median [Q1; Q3] of 51 [39; 62] years. Seventy-eight percent of the patients suffered from hypertension. Seventy percent of patients took one or more antihypertensive drugs. The most commonly used drugs were ACE inhibitors (43%), while α-blockers (15%) were the least used drugs. Urinary excretion was between 500 and 11 950 ml/24 h with a median of 2200 [1600; 2685] ml/24 h. The median body mass index (BMI) was 26.7 [24.0; 30.4] kg/m2. The excretion of all catecholamines was greater in men than in women (all p<0.0001). Epinephrine (p=0.0026), dopamine (p<0.0001), and metanephrine (p=0.0106) excretion decreased with age. BMI was associated with urinary excretion of dopamine (p<0.0001), norepinephrine (p=0.0026), normetanephrine (p<0.0001), and homovanillylmandelic acid (HVMA; p=0.0251). Urine volume correlated with urinary dopamine (p=0.0127), metanephrine (p<0.0001), normetanephrine (p=0.0070), and HVMA (p<0.0028) excretion. In addition to the established associations between urinary catecholamine excretion and age, gender, and BMI in the present study, urinary catecholamine excretion correlated also with urine volume.
1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-Catalyzed Multicomponent Domino Strategy for the Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted NH-Pyrroles
Authors: Chang Xiangqing , Yang Xiaofeng , Chen Zhiwei , Zhong Weihui
Published: June 2019

A mild and efficient 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO)-catalyzed three-component domino reaction was developed for the synthesis of highly functionalized NH-pyrroles from arylglyoxal monohydrates, enamino esters, and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in 1,4-dioxane at room temperature for 0.5 hours. Various substituted NH-pyrroles were obtained in moderate to good yields.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMPLE FACTOR VIII-ASSAY FOR CLINICAL USE
Authors: Wagenvoord R , Hendrix H , Hemker H C
Published: June 2019

We have developed an assay for the determination of factor VIII in human plasma. The criteria that such an assay must fulfil are: the method should be simple, the reagents should be stable for several hours at room temperature, the method should be sensitive and linear in the amount of factor VIII. The assay we have developed fulfils all these criteria.

The working procedure is simple. Both a lyophilized factor VIII assay (containing factor IXa, thrombin, phospholipids and Ca++) and lyophilized factor X are reconstituted with water. A reaction tube is filled with 100 pi factor VIII assay, prewarmed at 25° or 37 °C, then 100 pi of a diluted (10-20 times) plasma sample is added (t = 0) and after 30 seconds activation time the reaction is started with 100 pi factor X. After 1-2 minutes a sample is taken and diluted in an EDTA-containing buffer to stop the reaction. The formed factor Xa is meausured with a FXa-substrate from which p-nitroaniline will be split, causing an increase of the A405nm. The lyophilized reagents are stable for several months (at least) and after reconstitution they do not loose activity during a whole working day. The sensitivity of the method Is high. A plasma containing 1% factor VIII gives an increase in absorption of three to four times of a fully factor VIII deficient plasma. Extensive studies have shown that a complete linearity excists between 0 - 200% factor VIII in the plasma and the increase of the A405nm
LIPID BINDING PROPERTIES OF HIGHLY PURIFIED rDNA FACTOR VIII
Authors: Bloom J W
Published: June 2019

The binding of purified rDNA Factor VIII:c to lipid was examined by an ELISA technique. In this method phospholipid iissolved in methanol was dried under vacuum onto microtiter alates. Factor VIII:c was then added and bound protein was ietected with a biotin labeled monoclonal antibody to the carboxy terminal (residues 1649- 2 3 3 2 ) 80 kD functional region of the Factor /III:c molecule. This was followed by strepavidin-peroxidase and substrate addition. Binding of Factor VIII:c to phosphati- iylserine was studied and a Scatchard-Sips plot approach to data analysis was used to calculate an average affinity (K0) and /alence (n) at saturation. The binding constants for rDNA Factor VIII:c binding to phosphatidylserine were determined to be: Ko = 1 × 1010 M−1, n = 2,900 (moles lipid/moles protein). Factor /III:c also bound to ORTHO Brain Thromboplastin; however, no ainding to phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine was observed. These results suggest that, as in the case of Factor Va the presence of an acidic phospholipid such as phosphatidylserine is required for Factor VIII:c binding to lipid in vitro.