bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conservation Imperatives: Securing the Last Unprotected Terrestrial Sites Harboring Irreplaceable Biodiversity
Authors: Dinerstein Eric , Joshi Anup R. , Hahn Nathan R. , Lee Andy T. L. , Vynne Carly , Burkart Karl , Asner Greg P. , Beckham Charlotte , Ceballos Gerardo , Cuthbert Richard , Dirzo Rodolfo , Fankem Oliver , Hertel Sarah , Li Binbin V. , Mellin Haley , Pharand-Deschênes Felix , Olson David , Pandav Bivash , Peres Carlos , Putra Rudi , Rosenthal Amy , Verwer Caspar , Wikramanayake Eric , Zolli Andrew
Published: September 2023

Ambitious biodiversity goals to protect 30% or more of the Earth’s surface by 2030 to prevent the most likely and imminent extinctions require strategic near-term targets. We propose Conservation Imperatives, spanning 164 Mha across 16,825 unprotected sites harboring rare and threatened species. These sites should be prioritized for conservation action over the next three to five years as part of a broader strategy to expand the global protected area network. The expansion of global protected areas between 2018–2023 incorporated only 7% of sites harboring range-limited and threatened species, highlighting a renewed urgency to conserve these habitats. Permanently protecting only 0.74% of land found in the tropics, where Conservation Imperatives sites are concentrated, at a cost of US$34 to $56 billion per year over the next 3-5 years, could prevent the majority of predicted near-term extinctions once adequately resourced. Multiple approaches could achieve this goal: providing rights and title to Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs) conserving traditional lands, government designation of new protected areas on federal and state lands; or land purchase and long-term leasing of privately held lands.
The Structural Adaptations that Mediate Disuse-Induced Atrophy of Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Sayed Ramy K. A. , Hibbert Jamie E. , Jorgenson Kent W. , Hornberger Troy A.
Published: September 2023

The maintenance of skeletal muscle mass plays a fundamental role in health and issues associated with quality of life. Mechanical signals are one of the most potent regulators of muscle mass, with a decrease in mechanical loading leading to a decrease in muscle mass. This concept has been supported by a plethora of of human- and animal-based studies during the last 100 years and has resulted in the commonly used term of “disuse atrophy”. These same studies have also provided a great deal of insight into the structural adaptations that mediate disuse-induced atrophy. For instance, disuse results in radial atrophy of fascicles, and this is driven, at least in part, by radial atrophy of the muscle fibers. However, the ultrastructural adaptations that mediate these changes remain far from defined. Indeed, even the most basic questions, such as whether the radial atrophy of muscle fibers is driven by the radial atrophy of myofibrils and/or myofibril hypoplasia, have yet to be answered. In this review, we thoroughly summarize what is known about the macroscopic, microscopic, and ultrastructural adaptations that mediated disuse-induced atrophy and highlight some of the major gaps in knowledge that need to be filled.
Incompatibility of Y-Site Administered Drugs: the Case of Acyclovir and Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Labrosse Dorine , Flacher Lugan , Bachelart Thomas , Boumendjel Ahcène
Published: September 2023

Multiple drugs administration is a common practice in hospitals and clinics. This is the case when heavy pathologies are treated. In this context, frequently, antivirals and antibiotics are co-administrated either simultaneously or sequentially ignoring potential incompatibilities. In this study, we focused on an antiviral (Acyclovir) and an antibiotic (Ciprofloxacin) compatibility/incompatibility when they co-administrated with special interest on the effect of drugs ratio, pH and delay. By implementing robust HPLC method, we determined the main factors leading to potential modification of concentration of one of the two drugs in the mixture. The results showed that acyclovir is quantitatively recovered in all conditions related to pH, concentration and time (up to 24 hours). However, ciprofloxacin is strongly altered in acidic and basic conditions, the quantity of ciprofloxacin and time after mixing the two drugs. The most valuable piece of information is that the ratio of acyclovir/ciprofloxacin is crucial. The latter should be calculated and managed to provide at least two fold quantity of acyclovir versus ciprofloxacin in order to maintain the administrated doses and warrant efficient therapeutic effect.
Photoresist Deposition and Nickel Electrodeposition for Metallic Substrate Microfabrication with Nickel Lines
Authors: Morales Ricardo
Published: September 2023

Metallic masters can be used as a metallic mold to replicate polymeric pieces with high resolution. Metallic masters with high resolution were created by photolithography technique and nickel electrodeposition technique. AZ 9260 photoresists and SPR 220-7.0 photoresists were used to coat metallic substrates and to compare results. Steel substrate and nickel substrate were used as the metallic substrate to compare results. Two different nickel electrodeposition protocols were used to compare results. In the conclusion section, was determined the best photoresist, metallic substrate, and nickel electrodeposition protocol to fabricate metallic masters.
Research on Shear Buckling Capacity of Steel Octagon-Web Beam
Authors: Chang Shan , Yuan Ling , Sun Bi , Ma Lu , Wu Weidong
Published: September 2023

Based on the principle of lightweight and easy construction of prefabricated structures, steel octagon-web beam (SOWB) was proposed. SOWB with opening web combines the advantages of both honeycomb beam and steel structure bridge. In order to calculate the pure shear buckling capacity of the web, the finite element (FE) method was used to verify the pure shear buckling coefficients under three boundary conditions, so as to obtain reasonable boundary conditions of the FE model. Based on the data fitting method, the pure shear buckling coefficients of octagonal thin plate with rounding opening under three boundary conditions were obtained. In order to evaluate the buckling capacity of SOWB, a calculation method was proposed through the strut model. In order to verify the reliability of the proposed method, a buckling analysis model of SOWB was established by using the FE software ABAQUS. The influence of two parameters, such as expansion ratio and the ratio of flange plate thickness to web thickness, on the buckling capacity of the web was analyzed. Furthermore, the proposed method which can be used to calculate the buckling capacity of the web was improved by introducing the constraint effect coefficient of the flange.
Early Encouraging Results of a Non-Arthroscopic Autologous Cartilage Micrografting Technology for Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Tsoukas Dimitrios , Muntean Ilie , Simos Christos , Sabido-Vera Ruben
Published: September 2023

Autologous micrografting technology (AMT®) involves the use of autologous micrografts to stimulate/enhance the repair of damaged tissue. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of the AMT® procedure in patients with early stages of knee osteoarthritis. Briefly, the AMT® procedure involved extraction of auricular cartilage, disaggregation using the Rigeneracons® SRT in 4.0 mL of saline solution and injection of the disaggregated micrografts into the external femorotibial compartment area of the affected knee. Ten patients (4 men, 6 women; age range: 37─84 years) were included in the study. In all patients, there was a steady improvement in knee instability, pain, swelling, mechanical locking, stair climbing and squatting at 1- and 6-months post-procedure. Improvement in mobility was observed as early as 3 weeks post-procedure in 2 patients. Significant improvements were seen in mean scores of all five subscales of Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS [KOOS symptoms, KOOS pain, KOOS ADL, KOOS sport and recreation, and KOOS quality-of-life]) between pre-procedure and 1- and 6-months post-procedure (all p≤0.05). Autologous auricular cartilage micrografts obtained by AMT® procedure (using Rigenera® technology) is an effective and safe protocol in the treatment of early-stage knee osteoarthritis. These encouraging findings need to be validated in a larger patient population.
Long-Term Outcomes and Prognosis of Patients with Myocardial Infarction During Covid Pandemic
Authors: Rus Marius , Ardelean Adriana Ioana , Jurcau Ana Maria , Andronie-Cioara Felicia Liana , Marian Paula , Pobirci Oana Lilliana , Huplea Veronica , Osiceanu Alina Stanca , Osiceanu Adrian Gheorghe , Crisan Simina , Filimon Georgiana Carmen
Published: September 2023

Coronavirus infection disease -2019 (COVID-19) was a global pandemic with high mortality and morbidity, that lead to an increased health burned all over the world. Although the virus affects mostly pulmonary tract, cardiovascular implications were often among COVID-19 positive patients, and are predictive for poor outcomes. Increased values of myocardial biomarkers such as Troponin I or NT-proBNP were proven to be risk factors for respiratory failure (26). Although the risk of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) was greater in acute-phase of COVID-19, there were lower rates of hospitalization for ACS, due to patient’s hesitation for presenting at the hospital (22). Hospitalized ACS patients with COVID-19 infection, had a prolonged symptom-to-first medical contact time, and longer door-to-balloon time. The mechanisms of myocardial injurie in COVID -19 patients are not still not clear, most often is incriminated: the down-regulation of ACE2 inhibitors, endothelial disfunction, pro-coagulant status, increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the long-term outcomes of COVID-19 survivors that presented an acute myocardial infarction by reviewing existing data.
Estimating the Surface Fuel Load of the Plant Physiognomy of Cerrado Grassland Using Landsat 8 OLI Products
Authors: Santos Micael Moreira , Batista Antonio Carlos , Rezende Eduardo Henrique , Da Silva Allan Deyvid Pereira , Cachoeira Jader Nunes , Dos Santos Gil Rodrigues , Biondi Daniela , Giongo Marcos
Published: September 2023

Techniques and tools meant to aid fire management activities in the Cerrado, such as accurately determining fuel load and composition spatially and temporally, are pretty scarce. The need to have fuel information for more efficient management in a considerably heterogeneous, biodiverse, and fire-dependent environment makes a constant search for the improvement of the use of remote sensing techniques in determining fuel characteristics. This study presents the following objectives: (1) to assess the use of data from Landsat 8 OLI images to estimate the fine surface fuel load of the Cerrado during the dry season by adjusting multiple linear regression equations; (2) to estimate fuel load through Random Forest and k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) algorithms in comparison with re-gression analyses; and (3) to evaluate the importance of predictor variables from satellite images. Therefore, 64 sampling units were collected, and the pixel values associated with the field plots were extracted in a 3 x 3 pixel window surrounding the reference pixel. For the multiple linear regression analyses, the R² values ranged from 0.63 to 0.78, and the models fitted by the Random Forest al-gorithm ranged from 0.52 to 0.83, while those fitted by k-NN ranged from 0.30 to 0.68. Adopting the Random Forest algorithm resulted in improvements in the statistical metrics of evaluation of the fuel load estimates for Cerrado grassland relative to the multiple linear regression analyses.
Study on Physiological and Biochemical Index of Blood and Vitreous Humor in the Celestial Goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Li Rongni , Li Wentong , Sun Yansheng , Zhang Xin
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to examine and understand the physiological and biochemical components of the blood and vitreous humor of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Blood was drawn from the arterial (static) line and vitreous humour was extracted using a syringe from healthy goldfish. An automatic haematology analyzer was used to detect 17 physiological indicators, including white blood cells and red blood cells. At the same time, 20 biochemical indexes, including albumin, calcium, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase, were found in the automatic biochemical analyzer. Experiments were also conducted on the effect of blood and vitreous fluid collection on the subsequent survival rate of the celestial goldfish. The findings demonstrated that there were values for 17 physiological indicators in the blood of the goldfish, including red blood cells (2.19 × 1012), white blood cells (62.21 × 109), hemoglobin (138.25g/L), and no eosinophils or basophils. However, no data for 17 physiological indications of vitreous humor were discovered. The quantities of total protein, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and potassium in the vitreous humor were substantially lower than those in the serum (P < 0.01) according to the results of 20 biochemical indexes in the serum and vitreous humor of goldfish. Alkaline phosphatase, chlorine, and creatinine between vitreous humor and serum did not differ significantly(P > 0.05). The levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase and γ-glutamyl transpeptide in vitreous humor were significantly higher than those in serum (P < 0.01). This experiment provides basic datas for the healthy culture of goldfish and the perfection of hematology in goldfish, and the results will be convenient for the further study of development and formation of celestial eye traits.
RP1 Dominant p.Ser740* Pathogenic Variant In 20 Knowingly Unrelated Families Affected by Rod-Cone Dystrophy: Founder Effect in Western Sicily
Authors: D’Esposito Fabiana , Randazzo Viviana , Vega Maria Igea , Gagliano Caterina , Esposito Gabriella , Maltese Paolo Enrico , Torregrossa Salvatore , Scibetta Paola , Listì Florinda , Scalia Lucia , Pioppo Antonino , Marino Antonio , Piergentili Marco , Malvone Emanuele , Fioretti Tiziana , Vitrano Angela , Piccione Maria , Avitabile Teresio , Salvatore Francesco , Bertelli Matteo , Costagliola Ciro , Cordeiro Maria Francesca , Maggio Aurelio , D'Alcamo Elena
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. Rod-Cone Dystrophies (RCDs) are genetically determined retinal dystrophies, resulting in nyctalopia, visual field progressive reduction and visual acuity decay in the late stages. Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is the most described type. All modes of transmission can be identified in RP, with the autosomal dominant form (ADRP) accounting for about 20% of cases. To date, over 30 genes have been related to ADRP, with RP1 gene estimated to be involved in 5-10% of cases. In a cohort of patients affected by RCD and sharing the same geographic origin from Palermo province in Western Sicily, we identified a prevalent causative variant in the RP1 gene (NM_006269.2; c.2219C>G, p.Ser740*). Objective of our study was to analyse clinical and molecular data of this population and define the entity and the meaning of this finding.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. Eighty-four patients with a diagnosis of RCD or RP underwent deep phenotyping, pedigree definition and molecular characterization, mostly by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). All potentially pathogenic variants have been confirmed through direct sequencing and familial segregation. Statistical evaluation of resulting data has been performed.
RESULTS. In 28 probands we identified a pathogenic variant (p.Ser740*) in the RP1 gene that resulted significantly prevalent. Some patients, after careful interviewing, were found to share the same pedigree; we ultimately defined 20 family groups with no traceable consanguinity.
CONCLUSIONS. The high prevalence of the p.Ser740* variant in RP patients from Western Sicily unveils the presence of a founder effect, which has implications for the molecular diagnosis of RCD in patients coming from this Italian region. This variant can be primarily searched in RP affected subjects displaying compatible mode of transmission and phenotype, with an advantage in terms of costs and analysis time. Moreover, given its high prevalence, RP1 p.Ser740* variant could represent a potential candidate for the development of therapeutic strategies based on gene editing or translational read-through therapy for suppression of nonsense variants.
Preventing Cardiotoxicity in Personalized Breast Irradiation
Authors: Ippolito Edy , Greco Carlo , Marrocco Maristella , Rinaldi Carla Germana , Fiore Michele , Trodella Luca Eolo , D’Angelillo Rolando Maria , Ramella Sara
Published: September 2023

Background: to assess the benefit of a deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) over standard irradiation technique, and eventually to identify anatomical and/or treatment preplanning characteristics correlated with LAD dose. Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with left-sided breast cancer who underwent whole breast radiotherapy in DIBH. All patients had both plans in DIBH and free-breathing (FB). Receiving operating characteristics (ROC analysis) were performed to define the cut-off point of parameters to predict LAD maximum dose >10 Gy and LAD mean dose > 4 Gy. Areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated for all variables. Post-test probability has been calculated to evaluate advantage for parameters combination. Results: One hundred ninety-seven patients were identified. LAD dose was significantly reduced in DIBH plans with maximum and mean dose reduced by 31.7% (mean value 3.5 Gy vs 4.8 Gy, p=<0.001) and 28.1% (mean value 8.2 Gy vs 12.8 Gy, p=<0.001) in DIBH plans compared to FB plans. The strongest predictor of LAD maximum dose > 10 Gy and a LAD mean dose > 4 Gy was the minimum distance of LAD from tangent open fields. Other parameters were lung volume and heart volume for LAD Dmax > 10 Gy and lung volume, heart volume and breast separation for LAD Dmean > 4 Gy. Conclusion: The dosimetric benefit of DIBH is valid for all patients and DIBH should be preferred for all left sided patients.
Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Health and Disease Pathophysiology: Recent Advancements and Future Insights
Authors: Islam Md. Monirul , Takeyama Naoshi
Published: September 2023

Neutrophils are the principal trouper of innate immune system. Activated neutrophils undergo a noble cell death termed NETosis and release a mesh-like structure called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as a part of their defensive strategy against microbial pathogen attack. This web-like architecture includes a DNA backbone embedded with antimicrobial proteins like myeloperoxidase (MPO), neutrophil elastase (NE), histones etc. and deploys in the entrapment and clearance of encountered pathogens. Thus NETs play an inevitable beneficial role in the host's protection. However, recent accumulated evidence shows that dysregulated and enhanced NET formation has various pathological aspects including promotion of sepsis, pulmonary, cardiovascular, hepatic, nephrological, thrombotic, autoimmune, pregnancy, cancer diseases etc. and the list is increasing gradually. In this review, we summarize NETs mediated pathophysiology of different diseases, focus on some updated potential therapeutic approaches against NETs and share our future perspectives.
Outcomes of a One Year, Retrospective Single-Arm Cohort Study Using both a Novel Body-Shift Implant Design with a Novel Alloplastic Particulate Grafting Material in Immediate Extraction Sockets
Authors: O'Hooley Dominic Brenden , Nicolopoulos Costa , Worthing Mark , Yuvanoglu Petros , Melas Fotis , Fairbairn Peter
Published: September 2023

Abstract: With a resurgence in ITRT (Immediate Tooth Replacement Therapy) as a method of preserving both hard and thus soft tissues for improved aesthetic outcomes, this multi-centre, retrospective study will look at two novel products and their effect on these outcomes. A new synthetic particulate graft material along with a novel Implant design was utilized in the study and a 1 year follow up assessment, analysed for hard and soft tissue regeneration.
Time Series Homogenization with ACMANT: Comparative Testing of Two Recent Versions in Large-Size Synthetic Temperature Datasets
Authors: Domonkos Peter
Published: September 2023

Homogenization of climatic time series aims to remove non-climatic biases which come from the technical changes of climate observations. The method comparison tests of the Spanish MULTITEST project (2015-2017) showed that ACMANT was likely the most accurate homogenization method available at that time, in spite of the tested ACMANTv4 version gave suboptimal results when the test data included synchronous breaks for several time series. The technique of combined time series comparison has been introduced to ACMANTv5 in order to treat better this specific problem. Tests confirm that ACMANTv5 treats adequately synchronous inhomogeneities, but the accuracy has slightly worsened in some other cases. Results for a known daily temperature test dataset for 4 U.S. regions show that the residual errors after homogenization may be larger with ACMANTv5 than with ACMANTv4. Further tests have been performed to learn more about the efficiencies of ACMANTv4 and ACMANTv5, and to find solutions for the appearing problems with the new version. Planned changes in ACMANTv5 are presented in the paper along with connecting test results. The overall results indicate that the combined time series comparison can be kept in ACMANT, but smaller networks should be generated by the automatic networking process of the method. For the further improvements of homogenization methods and for obtaining more reliable and more solid knowledge about their accuracies, more synthetic test datasets mimicking fairly the true spatio-temporal structures of real climatic data would be in need.
Investigation of the Al-Mo-B(CN) coatings deposited using magnetron sputtering of Al-Mo-B4C target produced by deto-nation spray coating
Authors: Zaitsev Sergey Viktorovich , Sirota Viacheslav , Kovaleva Marina , Prokhorenkov Dmitriy , Skiba Andrey , Limarenko Mihail
Published: September 2023

In this work, Al-Mo-B(CN) thin coatings were deposited by magnetron sputtering using composite metal-ceramic Al-Mo-B4C target. A metal-ceramic composite target for magnetron sputtering was fabricated by a robotic complex for detonation spraying of coatings equipped with a multi-chamber detonation accelerator. The powder composition (30Mo-30Al-40B4C) was sprayed onto the copper plate base of the composite target-cathode. The obtained cathode target with Al-Mo-B4C coating (thickness 280-300 μm) was used to deposit the Al-Mo-B(CN) coating (DC mode) on flat specimens of AISI 316 steels and silicon using equipment for magnetron sputtering UNICOAT 200. The Al-Mo-B4C coating has a lamella-type structure with inclusions of boron car-bide particles the elemental composition is evenly distributed in the material. The structure and morphology of coatings were studied using methods of optical, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray analysis (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS). Mechanical and tribological properties of the Al-Mo-B(CN) thin coatings were determined using methods of nanoindentation, scratch testing, and tribological testing under fluid-free friction regime at room temperature. The Al-Mo-B(CN) coating (thickness ~ 1 μm) exhibited a dense uniform fine-grained structure with no columnar elements and were well-adherent to the substrates after deposition. Al-Mo-B(CN) coating has a amorphous structure. XPS analysis confirmed the formation of the MoB2 and AlN phase with an admixture of oxygen in the form of aluminum oxide, molybdenum oxide and boron oxide. Al-Mo-B(CN) coating possess hardness of 13 GPa, elasticity modulus of 114 GPa, elastic recovery of 45%, and friction coefficient of 0.8 against steel 100 Cr6 ball. The failure mode occurring in the tested coatings was fatigue and abrasive. The adhesion strength of Al-Mo-B(CN) coating amounted to about 11 N, and the failure mode was cohesive associated with plastic deformation and formation of fatigue cracks in the coating material.
Barriers to Evidence-Based Sustainable Planning for Tourism: Perspectives from Ireland’s Local Authorities
Authors: McLoughlin Emmet , Maguire Kelly , Hanrahan James
Published: September 2023

Local Authorities have significant tourism planning responsibilities and can benefit from evidence-based approaches. Qualitative interviews with 29 Local Authorities identified impediments to adopting indicators. Key barriers included more knowledge of indicator systems, training in using systems and understanding sustainability value and governance issues. However, transitioning to sustainable tourism through monitoring requires efficient resourcing of Local Authorities. Statutory adoption of indicators may be needed to enable evidence-based planning and policymaking. More informed planning approaches can help destinations respond to tourism issues and sustainability threats. Findings have implications for facilitating indicator implementation and evidence-based planning in other tourism destinations internationally.
An Adaptive Controller Based on IDA-PBC for Underactuated Mechanical Systems: Application to the Ball and Beam System
Authors: Liu Xiaoping , Shao Huaizhi , Liu Cungen , Li Ning
Published: September 2023

In this paper, an adaptive technology and the interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control method are combined to solve the stabilization problem for underactuated mechanical systems with uncertainties (including matched and unmatched). Uncertainties include unknown friction coefficients and unknown terms in kinetic energy and potential energy. A novel adaptive interconnection and damping assignment passivity-based control scheme is proposed and an adaptive stabilization controller is designed to make the closed-loop system locally stable. Verification is conducted on the ball and beam system, taking into account uncertainties of friction coefficients, kinetic energy, and potential energy. The locally asymptotic stability is demonstrated using the LaSalle’s invariance principle and approximate linearization. The effectiveness of the proposed control law is verified through numerical simulations.
Repaglinide Induces ATF6 Processing and Neuroprotection in Transgenic SOD1G93A Mice
Authors: Gonzalo-Gobernado Rafael , Moreno-Martinez Laura , González Paz , DOPAZO Xose Manuel , Calvo Ana Cristina , PIDAL-LADRON DE GUEVARA Isabel , SEISDEDOS Elisa , DIAZ-MUÑOZ Rodrigo , MELLSTROM Britt , Osta Rosario , NARANJO Jose Ramon
Published: September 2023

: The interaction of the Activating Transcription Factor 6 (ATF6), a key effector of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum, with the neuronal calcium sensor Downstream Regulatory Element Antagonist Modulator (DREAM) is a potential therapeutic target in neurodegeneration. Modulation of the interaction ATF6-DREAM with repaglinide (RP) induced neuroprotection in a model of Huntington´s disease. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no cure, characterized by the progressive loss of motoneurons resulting in muscle denervation, atrophy, paralysis and death. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential therapeutic significance of DREAM as a target for intervention in ALS. We found that the expression of the DREAM protein was reduced in the spinal cord of SOD1G93A mice compared to wild type littermates. RP treatment improved motor strength and reduced the expression of the ALS progression marker collagen type XIX1 (Col191 mRNA) in the quadriceps muscle in SOD1G93A mice. Moreover, treated SOD1G93A mice showed reduced motoneuron loss and glial activation and increased ATF6 processing in the spinal cord. These results indicate that the modulation of the DREAM-ATF6 interaction ameliorates ALS symptoms in SOD1G93A mice.
Novel Approaches to Possible Targeted Therapies and Prophylaxis of the Uterine Fibroid
Authors: Kuznetsova Maria V. , Tonoyan Narine M. , Trubnikova Elena V. , Zelensky Dmitry V. , Svirepova Ksenia A. , Adamyan Leila V. , Trofimov Dmitry Y. , Sukhikh Gennady T.
Published: September 2023

The uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign tumor in women of childbearing age. It may lead to problem of conception or complications during gestational period. The methods of treatment can be surgical (myomectomy and hysterectomy, embolization of arteries) and therapeutic treatment (Ulipristal acetate, Leuprolide acetate, Cetrorelix, Goserelin, Mifeprestone). Both approaches are efficient, but are incompatible with pregnancy planning. Therefore, there is a call for medical practice in developing therapeutical means of preventing leiomyoma onset in patients planning on pregnant. Based on the analysis of GWAS data on the search for mononucleotide polymorphisms associated with the risk of leiomyoma, meta-transcriptomic and meta-methylomic studies, target proteins have been proposed. Prospective therapeuticals of leiomyoma may be based on chemical compounds, humanized recombinant antibodies, vaccines based on markers of the uterine leiomyoma cells that are absent in the adult organism, DNA and RNA preparations. Three different nosological forms of the disease associated with driver mutations in the MED12, HMGA2 and FH genes should be considered when developing or prescribing drugs. E.g. synthetic inhibitors and vaccines based on matrix metalloproteinases MMP11 and MMP16 are expected to be effective only for the prevention of the occurrence of MED12-dependent nodules.
Exploring the Femtosecond Filamentation Threshold in Liquid Media Using a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Authors: Zhang Yun , Xia Yu , Liang Canneng , Chen Anmin , Li Suyu , Jin Mingxing
Published: September 2023

We experimentally study the supercontinuum (SC) induced by femtosecond filament in different liquid media, and determine the relative measurement value of filamentation threshold Pth for these media by using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). It is found that the value of Pth is higher than the critical power for self-focusing Pcr, which can be attributed to the strong dispersion effect. Changing the focal length of the focusing lens affect the measured results of the filamentation threshold: In the case of shorter focal length, linear focusing (i.e., geometrical focusing) regime dominates, and the measured values of Pth for different media are almost the same; as the focal length becomes larger, self-focusing starts to play a role, making the values of Pth for different media different from each other. This work provides an effective approach to study the femtosecond filamentation process in liquid media, and helpful to further understand the physical process of supercontinuum induced by femtosecond filament in liquid media.
Kinetics of Wavefunction Decay: Detection of Photon Entanglement and Realization of Q-bits at Room Temperature
Authors: Chiarelli Piero
Published: September 2023

By utilizing a generalized version of the Madelung quantum-hydrodynamic framework that incorporates noise, we derive a solution using the path integral method to investigate how a quantum superposition of states evolves over time. This exploration seeks to comprehend the process through which a stable quantum state ultimately emerges in the presence of fluctuations induced by the noisy gravitational background. The model defines the conditions that give rise to a limited range of interaction for the quantum potential, allowing for the existence of coarse-grained classical descriptions at a macroscopic level. The theory uncovers the smallest attainable level of uncertainty in an open quantum system and examines its consistency with the localized behavior observed in large-scale classical systems. The research delves into connections and similarities with decoherence theory and the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. Additionally, it assesses the potential consequences of wave function decay on the measurement of photon entanglement. To validate the proposed theory, an experiment involving entangled photons transmitted between detectors on the Moon and Mars is discussed. Finally, the findings of the theory are applied to the creation of larger Q-bits systems at elevated temperatures.
Generalization of Bidirectional Dual Active Bridge DC/DC Converter Modulations schemes: State of Art Analysis under Triple Phase Shift Control
Authors: Harrye Yasen , Abdalla Ahmed , Mahasneh Hassan A.
Published: September 2023

The main objective of the paper is to provide a thorough analysis of currently used modulation control schemes for single phase bidirectional dual active bridge DC/DC converter. In this article, it will be shown that single phase shift, extended phase shift and Dual phase shift modulation schemes are special cases of triple phase shift (TPS) modulation scheme. The article aims to highlight six TPS switching modes and their complements with the operational constraints. Unlike previous studies that regarded TPS as a complex scheme, this paper simplifies the analysis of each mode and aims to standardize the understanding of TPS modulation in DAB converters. Power equations, range of power transferred and zero voltage switching (ZVS) are derived for all the modes under TPS without assuming fundamental component analysis. Additionally, a generic optimization algorithm is developed to show the advantages of TPS modulation and thus, detailed analysis presented in this paper provides valuable insights for single phase DAB converter designers in identifying a wide range of optimization algorithms to achieve higher efficiency under TPS modulation. This analysis contributes to the advancement of bidirectional DAB converter technology and facilitates its application in various power electronic systems.
Development of Electronic Student Worksheets based on Problem-based Learning (PBL) in Trigonometry
Authors: Prayuti Amarta , Makmuri Makmuri , Wijayanti Dwi Antari
Published: September 2023

This research aims to develop learning media in the form of electronic student worksheets based on the Problem-based Learning in trigonometry material for class X Senior High School. This learning media can be used in class or independently. The method used in this study is the research and development method or Research and Development (RnD) which refers to the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). After being tested, the researcher entered the evaluation stage, namely processing the data obtained from the results of the expert validation and trials. The material and language expert validation test scores were 83.33%, media validation tests were 93.48%, teacher validation tests were 99.31%, trials on students in small groups were 91.1%, and trials on students in large groups were 84.2 %. Based on these results obtained an average percentage of 90,284%. From the results of the effectiveness test obtained an average value of 98.27. It can be concluded that Problem-based Learning on trigonometry material can be interpreted as very feasible to be used as learning media for teachers and students.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Peserta Didik SMP Negeri 15 Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Hapsari Nimas Ayu , Salsabila Ellis , Meidianingsih Qorry
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik SMP Negeri 15 Kota Tangerang Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah instrumen tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis berupa enam soal uraian yang telah dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Populasi target penelitian ini adalah peserta didik SMP Negeri 15 Kota Tangerang Selatan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling dan Cluster Random Sampling. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian prasyarat analisis data setelah perlakuan, hasil tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol berdistribusi normal dan bersifat homogen. Pengujian hipotesis statistik menggunakan Uji-t dengan taraf signifikansi , diperoleh  dan . Nilai  sehingga  ditolak dan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa rata-rata tes kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dari kelas kontrol. Besar pengaruh model pembelajaran Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik SMP Negeri 15 Kota Tangerang Selatan adalah  dengan persentase  dan berada pada kategori tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis peserta didik SMP Negeri 15 Kota Tangerang Selatan.

 

Kata kunci: Pembelajaran matematika, kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis, model pembelajaran Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS).
The Role of Financial Literacy and Grit in Good Financial Behavior
Authors: Endah Amaliyah Erlina Dewi , Prabasari Bonita , Rohmawati Lilik
Published: September 2023

With Generation Z and millennials becoming the majority of Indonesia's population, tackling their reputation for financial wastefulness becomes critical. Through the promotion of financial literacy, this study intends to provide insights into developing wiser and more sensible financial conduct. Recognizing the inconsistency of past studies on financial literacy and behavior, this study incorporates grit as a moderating component. Data was acquired through surveys distributed around Semarang City and analyzed in Smart PLS utilizing path analysis. Financial literacy was determined by understanding the time worth of money, inflation, and risk diversification, whereas grit was determined by perseverance and constant interest. Credit management, investment, saving, cash flow and consumption, emergency fund management, and retirement fund planning were all evaluated. The findings show that grit has a positive influence on financial behavior, emphasizing the need of perseverance in the face of financial obstacles. Furthermore, financial literacy was discovered to have a favorable impact on grit, emphasizing the symbiotic relationship between knowledge and perseverance in accomplishing financial goals. This study emphasizes the importance of not just improving financial literacy but also cultivating grit among Generation Z and millennials in order to improve financial behavior.
Driving Prosperity: Assessing Empowerment, MSME Performance and Welfare
Authors: Hadi Nasrul , Mimiasri  , Fitri Aida , Saputra Aiyub
Published: September 2023

Micro, small, and medium-sized companies (MSMEs) play a critical role in improving societal well-being. However, empowering programs are critical to the success of MSME practitioners. Despite considerable initiatives in Banda Aceh to empower MSMEs, the direct impact on practitioner welfare remains unknown. The purpose of this quantitative study is to investigate the impact of empowerment effectiveness and MSME performance on practitioner wellbeing in Banda Aceh. The study includes 9691 MSMEs, based on data from the MSME Office of Cooperatives and MSME Aceh, and using random sample methodologies. A Likert scale was used for measurement. The data show that, while empowerment has a moderate impact on MSME welfare, MSME performance has a strong and meaningful influence. Furthermore, empowerment effectiveness and MSME success, when combined, contribute significantly to the welfare of MSME practitioners in Banda Aceh, accounting for 31.014% of the variance. This study emphasizes the necessity of not only empowering MSMEs but also improving their performance in order to significantly boost practitioner welfare
Efectos del tratamiento ortopédico en la articulación temporomandibular en pacientes clase III con mordida cruzada anterior: una revisión de literatura.
Authors: Moscoso Sivirichi Karen , Gutiérrez Tapia Roxana Gissella
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos del tratamiento ortopédico en la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) en pacientes clase III con mordida cruzada anterior. Materiales y métodos: Cuatro bases de datos fueron revisadas hasta diciembre de 2022 (Scopus, PubMed, Embase y ScienceDirect). Dos revisores independientes seleccionaron estudios que reportaran cambios en el ATM y presencia de disfunción de la ATM en pacientes clase III con mordida cruzada anterior que recibieron tratamiento ortopédico. La calidad metodológica de los estudios fue analizada usando PRISMA checklist. Resultados: Se seleccionaron doce artículos para el estudio después de una búsqueda detallada de acuerdo con los criterios de selección. Después del tratamiento, los estudios demostraron una baja prevalencia de dolor en la ATM tras el uso de la máscara facial de Delaire, de la mentonera, del jasper jumper modificado y el twin block reverso fijo. Después del tratamiento con twin block reverso, se evidenció un aumento de volumen condilar y de los espacios articulares (p < 0,001), seguido por una disminución significativa de los espacios articulares posterosuperiores (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: No se ha encontrado suficiente evidencia que determine presencia de DTM o cambios en la ATM después del uso de aparatos ortopédicos para corrección de mordida cruzada anterior.
Características de las lesiones de mancha blanca asociadas al tratamiento de ortodoncia: una revisión
Authors: Consoli Senno Michella Vicenza , Robles Ruíz Julissa Janet
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El propósito de esta revisión de literatura es proporcionar evidencia científica sobre las características de las lesiones de mancha blanca (LMB) durante el tratamiento de ortodoncia, su incidencia, prevalencia, factores de riesgo relacionados con su desarrollo, progresión y regresión; además de explicar los métodos de diagnóstico más utilizados. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos de PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect y Embase hasta la fecha del 30 de noviembre de 2022. Se incluyeron estudios transversales que evaluaron las lesiones de manchas blancas antes y después del tratamiento de ortodoncia. Dos investigadores seleccionaron cuidadosamente los artículos evaluados y analizaron diferentes tópicos clave sobre el tema. Resultados: Se encontró que la prevalencia e incidencia de manchas blancas durante el tratamiento de ortodoncia varía ampliamente según el método de diagnóstico utilizado, el tipo de técnica ortodóntica empleada y el tiempo de tratamiento ortodóntico. La incidencia de lesiones de mancha blanca es mayor en pacientes tratados con brackets convencionales, seguido de aquellos que usaron brackets de autoligado y fue menor en pacientes que usaron alineadores. Las piezas más afectadas son los incisivos laterales y caninos maxilares a nivel del tercio gingival. Conclusiones: La incidencia de manchas blancas se asocia al tratamiento de ortodoncia, y está estrechamente relacionada con la técnica de tratamiento utilizada y el tiempo de tratamiento. Existe una regresión de las LMB durante el primer año posterior al retiro de la aparatología.
Factores asociados y tipos de lesiones oculares ocurridas en la práctica odontológica: revisión sistemática
Authors: Abanto Sheron Jordi , Chávez Méndez Martín Andrés
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El odontólogo y personal auxiliar están en constante riesgo de enfermedades ocupacionales, como alergias, infecciones, lesiones cutáneas u oculares que podrían afectar a los pacientes. Un problema de interés social son las lesiones oculares que le ocurren al personal odontológico. La literatura revela que estas lesiones están asociadas a partículas sólidas y salpicaduras de fluidos. Nuestro objetivo fue, mediante una revisión sistemática, identificar los tipos de lesiones oculares y sus factores asociados ocurridos en la práctica odontológica. Materiales y métodos: Los estudios relevantes se buscaron en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Ebsco, entre otras. La búsqueda incluyó estudios transversales que evaluaban la evidencia sobre lesiones oculares ocurridas en la práctica odontológica, y se excluyeron las revisiones de literatura, cartas al lector y editoriales. Resultados: Se incluyeron 8 estudios para desarrollar la revisión sistemática y se determinó que los factores asociados con las lesiones oculares ocurridas en la práctica odontológica son el uso ocasional de protección ocular, la edad, el sexo y los años de práctica, mientras que los tipos de lesiones oculares son la entrada de líquidos y de cuerpos extraños. Conclusiones: La deficiencia en el cumplimiento de protocolos de protección ocular o facial en la práctica dental origina las lesiones oculares, por la entrada de líquidos, de cuerpos extraños, salpicaduras de fluidos biológicos o conjuntivitis. Estas lesiones oculares se generan a partir de factores asociados como el uso ocasional de protección ocular, la edad, el sexo, entre otros.
Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma according to 107 articles: A systematic review with five analyses
Authors: Sadafi Sepehr , Choubsaz Parsia , Kazemeini Seyed Mohammad Mohyeddin , Imani Mohammad Moslem , Sadeghi Masoud
Published: September 2023

GSTT1 enzyme plays a key role in the neutralization of electrophilic compounds such as carcinogens. Herein, we aimed to evaluate GSTT1 deletion polymorphism and susceptibility to head and neck carcinoma (HNC) according to 107 articles in a systematic review with five analyses. The databases of PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library until June 21, 2023, with no restrictions to identify pertinent articles. The quality scoring was done using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool. The Review Manager 5.3 software was used to calculate the effect sizes, which were displayed as the odds ratio (OR) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Both the publication bias and sensitivity analyses were performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.0 software. To mitigate the risk of false-positive or negative conclusions from meta-analyses, a trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted using TSA software.: Of 1966 records retrieved from four databases, 107 full-text articles were included in the analysis. The combined analysis revealed that the pooled OR was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.14 to 1.44; p-value < 0.0001). In terms of ethnicity, the pooled OR was highest in mixed ethnicities. For cancer type, nasopharyngeal cancer had the highest OR. When considering sample size, studies with less than 200 samples had a higher OR compared to those with 200 or more samples. The control source did not significantly affect the OR. The studies with a quality score of 7 or more had a higher OR compared to those with a score less than 7. When both age and sex are considered, while the OR of 1.42 is significant, the high heterogeneity suggests caution in interpreting these results. Finally, in the group where neither age nor sex was considered, no significant association was found. The p-values for both Egger’s test (0.904) and Begg’s test (0.237) are greater than 0.10. TSA reported that the study does not have sufficient statistical power. This comprehensive meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the GSTT1 null genotype and an increased risk of HNC, with variations based on factors such as ethnicity, cancer type, sample size, control source, and quality score.