bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
September streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Above‐average streamflows dominated water conditions in the West for the 15th consecutive month, according to the September check of national water conditions by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). High flows were reported from Washington to southern California and eastward to central Colorado (see map, courtesy of USGS).

In contrast, drier than usual conditions—with streamflows well below average—prevailed in the East and South. Low streamflows were also reported in the Ohio River valley, Kentucky, and Tennessee, and drought conditions worsened in west Texas, where no appreciable rainfall has occurred this year.
Union candidates
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos is carrying biographies and photographs of all candidates for President‐elect, General Secretary, and Foreign Secretary of the Union and for President‐elect and Secretary of each Section. In addition, statements by the candidates for Union offices and for Section President‐elect will appear.
DPEP in geochemistry
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

According to a group of investigators at the CSIRO Lucas Heights Research Laboratories, New South Wales, the metal porphyrin DPEP (if it can be proved to exist) plays a key role in theories of the organic origin of petroleum. The proof would involve a single crystal structure determination of the huge molecule isolated from a geological sample and this is what the CSIRO group successfully achieved (Nature, 306, pp. 173–174, 1983).

About 50 years ago A. Treibs postulated that vanadyl‐DPEP is the dominant metal‐organic compound in crude oils and oil shales, but until this recent study, existence of the compound has remained unconfirmed. Treibs' scheme detailed the formation of the porphyrin from chlorophyll. The steps of prophyrin formation could characterize the biological origin of petroleum, but the very crucial piece of evidence has been lacking.
Solar irradiance variations
Authors: Hudson Hugh S.
Published: October 2011

The planned repair in orbit by NASA of the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) in April 1984 provides an excellent opportunity for improved observations of the sun. In retrospect the solar‐terrestrial research community should have organized new programs before the 1980 launch of this satellite, but foresight is sometimes difficult to achieve. We now have an opportunity to redress this omission, and the organizers of the June 1983 Workshop on Solar Irradiance Variations on Active‐Region Time Scales hope that with this advantage a substantial improvement can be made.

The goal of the workshop, held in Pasadena, Calif., was to help plan for improved solar synoptic observations to coincide with the 1984 repair of the SMM satellite. Most of the major participants in experimentation, observation, and data analysis were present. A particularly important aspect of the meeting was the participation of the ultraviolet (UV)‐irradiance community, and it was generally recognized that irradiance variations in the UV are important both energetically and physically.
Horton Research Grant proposals
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The American Geophysical Union is requesting proposals for the award of the Horton Research Grant. The proposal deadline is March 15, 1984. The grant will be in support of research projects in hydrology and water resources by Ph.D. candidates of American institutions of higher education and is awarded annually to a single proponent. Its objective is to foster graduate student research leading to the completion of doctoral dissertations. Proposals may be in hydrology (including its physical, chemical, or biological aspects) or in the water resource policy sciences (including economics, systems analysis, sociology, and law).
CO2 pulses
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

Studies of the sources and the increases of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have been both frustrating and alarming; frustrating because so little is known and alarming because the potential consequences could be so grave (Eos, November 15, 1983, p. 929). The nature of the complexities have recently been focused upon by studies of the carbon cycle at the earth's surface and its influence on the atmosphere. It turns out that most of the increases of atmospheric carbon dioxide are from two sources: (1) petroleum and coal use and (2) the clearing of major forested lands.

It is generally acknowledged that fossil fuel use has declined sharply during the past several years and that the deforestation of large areas under development will end. A recent review of current thinking on the effects of global deforestation by G.M. Woodwell and others stated that, “appropriate action taken now might reduce or eliminate the problem. Stabilization of the rate of combustion of fossil fuels combined with a program of reforestation would contribute toward stabilizing the CO2 content of the atmosphere … we need not accept as inexorable a global warming due to the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere” (Science, 222, 1081‐1086, 1983).
Kisiel lectures
Authors: Buras Nathan
Published: October 2011

The Department of Hydrology and Water Resources at the University of Arizona has instituted a series of lectures to perpetuate the memory of Chester C. Kisiel. The first lecture, “Reflections on Hydrology,” was delivered on March 2, 1982, by Nicholas C. Matalas of the U.S. Geological Survey. The text of the lecture has been published as a 16‐page booklet and is available at $3 per copy from the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 86521. The second lecture in the series was delivered in March 1983 by Myron B Fiering of Harvard University and its text is now being prepared for publication.
Special issue in JGR‐B
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Journal of Geophysical Research, B, will publish a special issue in 1985 focusing on the results obtained using a variety of new seafloor mapping tools (e.g., SEA BEAM, SEA MARC I and II, GLORIA, GEOS‐3 and Seasat radar altimetry). Liberal use of color and large‐format black and white figures are encouraged. Special reduced rates for color will apply. The submission deadline is September 1, 1984; publication is planned for July or August 1985.

Papers describing results obtained using these new mapping techniques in a variety of tectonic environments (e.g., mid‐ocean ridges, active margins, passive margins, seamounts) are solicited as well as papers describing instrumentation and data processing and interpretation techniques.
Geophysics in the Affairs of Man: A Personalized History of Exploration Geophysics and Its Allied Sciences of Seismology and Oceanography
Authors: Kisslinger Carl
Published: October 2011

This book traces the developments of the applications of the geophysical sciences to a variety of societal needs from misty beginnings to now, with emphasis on the “golden age,” the early 1920s through the 1960s. The phrase “applied geophysics” is so often taken as synonymous with “geophysical exploration” that the broader viewpoint of this work is especially welcome. The authors certainly devoted much of their treatment to exploration geophysics, as is appropriate in view of the large commitment of human and financial resources to this endeavor and the practical importance of the results. However, they have also included interesting sketches of military applications of geophysical techniques and the important technological advances that have come from these, as well as much material on ocean science. Atmospheric and space science receives less detailed coverage.
Global warming
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A study prepared for the National Science Foundation (NSF) by engineers and economists at the Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Stanford University concludes that the global warming caused by buildup of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere during the next century can at least be slowed down if we learn to use nonpolluting energy sources more efficiently. It will take international cooperation, however, and prompt action to keep the greenhouse effects to a minimum.

The report follows on the heels of two separate studies released in October by the National Research Council and the Environmental Protection Agency on carbon dioxide and global warming (Eos, November 15, 1983, p. 929). Like those groups, the NSF study panel believes that “a significant … warming in the next century probably cannot be avoided.” However, “the rate of increase of atmospheric CO2 due to fossil fuel consumption can be significantly reduced via the adoption of realistic energy strategies that are relatively ‘CO2‐benign.”’ The so‐called greenhouse effect is caused when carbon dioxide and other gasses create an atmospheric blanket that traps heat near the surface.
Cornell Continents Institute
Authors: Everhart Thomas
Published: October 2011

Cornell University has formed a new research unit to study the origin and evolution of the continents. Initially, the new Institute for the Study of the Continents will comprise research efforts in geological sciences at Cornell now carried out under the Cornell Program for the Study of the Continents, the Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling Project, the Andean Project, and related studies of crustal geology. The institute will be quartered with the Department of Geological Sciences in Snee Hall, an earth science facility now under construction.
Carbon Dioxide and Climate: A Second Assessment: The Long‐Term Impacts of Increasing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels
Authors: Berger A.
Published: October 2011

There are quite a large number of excellent publications now available in the domain of carbon dioxide and climate. After a period of intense research on the subject conducted under the sponsorship of national and international institutions like the U.S. National Research Council, the U.S. Department of Energy, the Environment Agency of the Federal Republic of Germany, the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment, the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, the World Climate Program, the Commission of the European Communities and others, syntheses are now possible.

Over the past decades, extreme climatic events in different parts of the world have made us aware of our vulnerability to climatic variations and variability. But it is also more and more recognized that not only man may possibly be affected by climate but also that climate is vulnerable to man's activities. These human activities, especially those related to industrial processes and the practice of agricultural burning and soil management, result in the release of particles and trace gases in the atmosphere. The increase of atmospheric CO2 which is worldwide poses a special problem of major concern.
1983 AGU Fall Meeting Report
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In only 5 days the AGU 1983 Fall Meeting in San Francisco accommodated more than 3100 attendees and more than 2100 papers. Each of the special, all‐Union sessions attracted crowds of close to 1100 persons. Except for the 1982 Fall Meeting, which covered 8 days and included the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) Winter Meeting, 1983's was the largest AGU Fall Meeting ever.

The large number of presentaions at the 1983 meeting was handled efficiently by assigning more than 30% of the papers to poster sessions, which were to many participants the highlight of the meeting. Poster presentations are becoming extremely good, and some of the more spirited sessions make many oral presentations seem pale in comparison. The sight of some of the world's leading geophysicists chatting over a poster paper with a student attested to one of the advantages of this type of presentation.
1984 IAHS Symposia
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Third International Symposium on Land Subsidence, Venice, Italy, March 19–25, 1984, will offer 75 oral papers and 20 poster papers. A 1‐day field trip byboat in the Lagoon ol Venice has been scheduled for March 21. A 2‐day field trip from Venice south to subsiding areas near Ravenna and Modena is scheduled for March 24–25, following the symposium papers sessions.
[Comment on “The impact of VLBI and GPS on geodesy”] Global positioning technology
Authors: Perreault Paul D.
Published: October 2011

In an otherwise excellent article (“The Impact of VLBI and GPS on Geodesy,” Eos, September 27, 1983, p. 569), Dr. John D. Bossler inaccurately reports that the Macrometer, a single channel receiver which came to market only last year and is restricted to relative position use was the first global positioning system (GPS) receiver to become commercially available.

As many in the geophysics community know, Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. (STI), has provided GPS receivers and transmitters commercially for almost 5 years.
Biography of Wiechert
Authors: Schröder Wilfried
Published: October 2011

For a biography I am writing of Emil Wiechert (1862–1928), professor of geophysics at the University of Göttingen, I would appreciate hearing from any readers who might have material of interest. Photos, letters, and anecdotes about his life are all welcome.
Alaskan transect
Authors: Page Robert A.
Published: October 2011

A cooperative geophysical'geologic transect of the Alaskan crust and upper mantle is being organized by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (ADGGS), the University of Alaska, and Rice University. The project is to be known as the Trans‐Alaska Lithosphere Investigation (TALI). The route of TALI lies along the north‐south corridor of the trans‐Alaska oil pipeline between Prudhoe Bay and Valdez and extends offshore across the Pacific and Arctic continental margins. The transect will incorporate several supplementary profiles intersecting the primary route. TALI is envisaged as a coordinated multidisciplinary effort among government, academic and industry scientists and institutions.
AGU Congressional Science Fellow: Midterm report
Authors: Fellows Jack
Published: October 2011

As the recipient of the 1983–1984 AGU Congressional Science Fellowship [Eos, September 6, 1983, p. 543] I have been asked to report on my midterm experiences. I have learned two major aspects of business on Capitol Hill. First, I am impressed by the tremendously important relationship between science and the political world of Congress. Congressmen need and actively seek technical advice on legislative issues. As a scientist, one's point of view can have an impact on society as well as on one's discipline.
EEZ survey
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has contracted with the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (IOS) to charter the research vessel Farnella. The project is to map the ocean floor at depths greater than 500 m along the recently established United States Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The short range objectives include obtaining seafloor contours along the deep sea thermal spring zones in the Pacific Ocean basin. Should any of the zones prove economic for their sulfide mineral deposits, the charts should be of value to industry for years to come.
Tectonics
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

John Dewey will complete his term as editor‐in‐chief of Tectonics at the end of 1984. Clark Burchfiel's term as North American Editor will also end. Tectonics is published jointly with the European Geophysical Society. This newest of AGU's journals has already established itself as an important journal bridging the concerns of geophysics and geology.

James A. Van Allen, president of AGU, has appointed a committee to recommend candidates for both editor‐in‐chief and North American editor for the 1985–1987 term.
Geochemistry of Sedimentary Ore Deposits
Authors: Rose Arthur W.
Published: October 2011

Ore deposit geochemists and economic geologists have in the past directed most of their attention toward hydrothermal deposits, but it is becoming increasingly apparent that sedimentary deposits are of key future importance because of their size and other favorable characteristics. In addition, many deposits formerly considered hydrothermal are now recognized as sedimentary or as having important sedimentary affiliations. Geochemistry of Sedimentary Ore Deposits is the first to summarize and discuss the geochemistry of these important deposits, and it is therefore a welcome addition to the literature.

The definition for “sedimentary ore deposits” adopted in this book is “formed by sedimentary processes.” Maynard therefore includes Mississippi Valley lead‐zinc ores (formed by hot sedimentary brines) and volcanogenic sulfides (deposited on the sea floor) as well as iron formation and sedimentary copper ores. The emphasis is on chemical sediments, so that placers are not included, nor are nonmetallics such as evaporites. The coverage thus encompasses metallic deposits formed by syngenetic and diagenetic processes, plus epigenetic ores formed by sedimentary brines or hydrothermal fluid at the sea floor.
SAR images updated
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

A new camera system using lasers and charge‐coupled devices and which can obtain data by radar at any time or under any weather conditions has been designed by the California Institute of Technology as part of a NASA continuing program. The system is intended to improve the imaging functions of synthetic operative radar (SAR) units. SAR units have been carried on earth‐orbiting spacecraft such as the Seasat satellite and the space shuttle Columbia. In the past, imaging was achieved as the result of a complex process from film. The new system transmits radar imaging data directly to an earth station in real time, the result being an instantaneously synthesized replication.
Lunar core: occam's razor?
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

Whether or not the earth's moon has a core is a much bandied question. Like many notions about the properties of the moon, ideas of a lunar core changed drastically after the Apollo studies. A review of the development of these ideas was given a scholarly treatment by S.K. Runcorn recently (Nature, 304, 589‐596, 1983). In contrast, L.L. Hood, C.P. Sonett, and L.J. Srnka have questioned the concept in serious detail (Nature, 307, 661‐662, 1984).

Whether or not the moon actually has or has had a fluid metallic core is of great consequence for a number of geophysical theories about the solar system. Most investigators concede that the possible existence of a lunar core remains one of the major unanswered, and yet most critical, questions about the moon. A lot rides on the answer: Can a lunar‐sized body have a core? Is the core metallic? How is the core related to lunar magnetism and its paleomagnetism? Is or was a lunar core related to lunar volcanism? If the moon can have a core, is planetary core formation in the solar system a simple matter of gravitationally segregating metallic fragments that were formed elsewhere? Implications of the questions are without limit. There is, perhaps, no more valid issue about the moon to explore scientifically.
Fulbright Awards
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Competition begins this month for the approximately 750 Fulbright Scholar Awards available for 1985–1986. Roughly 275 awards are for postdoctoral research in more than 100 countries; the remainder are for college and university lecturing abroad or for consultative or teaching positions with governmental bodies or other professional institutions.

The application deadline for awards with placement in Australasia, India, Latin America, and the Caribbean is June 15, 1984; September 15 is the deadline for awards available in Africa, Asia (except India), Europe, and the Middle East.
Supporting members
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

All dues‐paid members contributing an additional $80 or more in any single year earn recognition as Individual Supporting Members for that year. Among the present Individual Supporting Members, I there are 21 Life Supporting Members. To have achieved this special recognition, they have contributed $1500 or more thus far during the AGU‐GIFT program. As a benefit (or dividend) they have no further dues obligations.
Landsat commercialization
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

The House of Representatives will soon vote on a bill that outlines steps to commercialize the land remote‐sensing system. The bill follows attempts last year to commercialize both the land and meteorological remote sensing satellite systems. Meanwhile, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has received bids from seven private companies interested in operating Landsat. The bids resulted from a request for proposals issued by the agency earlier this year. Commercialization of the meteorological satellite system was blocked in November.
Recent Ph.D.'s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman: (1) the dissertation title, (2) author's name, (3) name of the degree‐granting department and institution (4) faculty advisor, (5) month and year degree was awarded. If possible include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
Two career couple
Authors: Sancetta Constance
Published: October 2011

Over 150 members of AGU attended a panel session on “The Two Career Couple: Balancing Personal and Professional Life” at the 1983 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco. The panel was sponsored by the Education and Human Resources Committee and was chaired by Constance Sancetta. On the panel were Alice Newman, of The Aerospace Corporation; Mark Zoback and Mary Lou Zoback of U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park; and Judith Moody of ONWI‐Battelle and her husband, Thomas Worsley of Ohio University. The audience included many students but was composed primarily of professionals 30–40, with men and women equally represented.
Ocean drilling suggestions
Authors: Marszalek Donald S.
Published: October 2011

The Ocean Drilling Program replaces the recently completed drilling phase of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). A new and larger deep sea drilling vessel with expanded capabilities including a longer drill string, bare rock spudin, enhanced logging, and the potential for riser drilling will replace the D/V Glomar Challenger. Drilling is scheduled to commence in January 1985, and planning is now underway. The drill ship will then proceed to the Pacific Ocean and circumnavigate the earth at least twice during the 10‐year program. Suggestions for drilling objectives, downhole experiments, etc., for all areas worldwide are now being solicited by JOIDES (Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling).
Solar max: Three hits, one save”
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In the end it was all smiles and congratulations, but the crew of the space shuttle Challenger and NASA engineers in Houston and at the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., were not forgetting how close the Solar Maximum (Solar Max) satellite repair mission had come to being the Solar Max destruction mission. In fact, if it had not been for a late night resuscitation effort by a team of engineers at Goddard and a particularly providential sunrise, the shuttle crew might never have gotten their hands back on the $200 million orbiting solar observatory after a docking attempt on the mission's third day knocked it out of kilter. As it is, thanks to the astronauts' skilled repair work, the satellite is now ready for another 6 years or more of sun watching.

Solar Max had been stranded in space since 1980, the victim of blown fuses in its attitude control system that left four of its seven science instruments without accurate pointing capability. Shortly after the blow out, Goddard technicians had put the satellite in a slow, “coning” spin to keep its solar panels pointing at the sun and the batteries charged up. In this holding pattern, turning at the rate of 1° per second, the first satellite designed to be reserviced in orbit had awaited its rescuers for more than 3 years.
Wiggler magnets
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

Wiggler magnets attached to synchrotrons have greatly enhanced mineral physics research by intensifying X ray beams to the point where instantaneous diffraction can be obtained. A new application of wigglers is to use the high‐energy electron beam of a synchrotron with a wiggler field to pump a powerful laser beam. As a mineral crystal is being studied by X ray diffraction, either at one atmosphere or held at high pressure in a diamond‐window cell, it will also be possible to obtain instantaneous infrared, Raman, and other spectral data simultaneously. It will be feasible, for example, to track fast structural transitions and obtain bonding, coordination, and diffusion coefficient data at the same time.
Employers holding line on salaries
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

A by‐product of the economic recovery this spring is an upswing in college recruiting activity. According to many placement directors, the number of employers interviewing on campus has increased; in some cases, interview schedules are full. Likewise, employers report that competition for students is heightening as the recruiting year progresses.

One significant difference in this upturn, compared with previous increases in college recruiting activity, is that starting salary offers are remaining fairly stable. The College Placement Council's March 1984 Salary Survey report shows only slight upward movement.
Automated information for Earth science
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Detailed descriptions of nearly 300 digital data bases and the systems operating them are featured in a revised edition of a comprehensive report on the automated earth science information systems and data bases of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Bureau of Land Management, and the Minerals Management Service.

Among the earth science data bases available are lunar geochemical data from the Apollo missions; data on newly identified coal resources in the United States; seismic data on earthquake magnitudes from 2,700 stations worldwide; data on more than 2 million place names nationwide; data from more than 200,000 aerial photographs used in USGS mapping efforts; the locations and ages of aquifer systems throughout the country; and water use data for the nation. The publication also provides indexes of titles, acronyms, and contact persons. A keyword list contains 2,000 subject words with references to specific data bases and systems.
Fulbright update
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Opportunities to teach or perform postdoctoral research in the earth and atmospheric sciences under the Fulbright awards program for 1985–1986 (Eos, April 10, 1984, p. 137) are available in nine countries, according to the Council for the International Exchange of Scholars.

The countries and specialization opportunities are Bharain, any specialization; France, soil science and cartography; India, any specialization of geology; Ireland, geophysics; Morocco, consulting and teaching methods; Norway, marine geology, regional and structural geology, petrology, volcanology, sedimentology, and petroleum geology; Pakistan, any specialization of geology and mineralogy; USSR, any specialization; and Zimbabwe, exploration geophysics.
Acid rain study in Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

As part of the continuing investigation into the sources and mechanisms of acid rain, a research project sponsored by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) will attempt this summer to find out if natural substances blowing inland from the Gulf of Mexico might be partly responsible for the acidic rain that afflicts the midwestern and eastern United States.

A research team flying a Beechcraft twin‐engine airplane will sample air quality at various points offshore, along the Gulf Coast, and inland to measure concentrations of chemicals that are “acid precursors.” These precursors—sulfate, sulfur‐containing gases, and alkaline materials—form naturally in the Gulf, its estuaries and coastal wetlands, according to the project's principal investigator, Rudolf F. Pueschel of NOAA's Environmental Research Laboratories. The chemicals rise into the atmosphere and are carried inland by onshore winds; the NOAA study group would like to know more about their concentration as they move northward over the continent.
In Congress: Upcoming hearings
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

The following hearings and markups have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing or markup; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, April 17, 1984, p. 159).
EEZ bathymetry: Ship time opportunities
Authors: Pryor Donald
Published: October 2011

A recent interagency agreement offers the prospect of ship time for federal and nonfederal researchers. Under the agreement, recently signed by John V. Byrne, Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and Dallas L. Peck, Director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the two federal agencies have agreed to a joint program of bathymetric mapping of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) (Eos, June 12, 1984, p. 393). These cruises will present the opportunity for other investigators to gather data in conjunction with the bathymetric surveys.

NOAA ships, employing modern multibeam sonars and the best available navigation, will conduct the field surveys and process the data. The data and other products will be used by NOAA for their nautical charting program and by the USGS for their geological and geophysical marine map series. NOAA plans to produce a new series of high resolution bathymetric maps based on these data. The data will also be available to others via NOAA's data center in Boulder (National Geophysical Data Center, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303).
Mercury in the atmosphere
Authors: Bell Peter M.
Published: October 2011

A source of atmospheric mercury, which appears to be associated with marine biological activity, has been located in the equatorial region of the Pacific Ocean. A recent report of a study of mercury and its compounds confirm models of oceanic sources of mercury to the marine troposphere, but suggest that the process involved may be a good deal more complex than previously thought. W.F. Fitzgerald, G.A. Gill, and J.P. Kim wrote in Science (244, 597–599, 1984) that their results “…demonstrate that Hg interactions between the oceans and atmosphere are more complex than geochemical mass balance estimates suggest.”
IAVCEI Working Group on Explosive Volcanism
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The working group (W.G.) will address basic problems and unanswered questions in the realm of explosive volcanism and its products. Its primary functions are the organization of field and laboratory consortia, formal meetings, and the editing of special publications. Through these means we propose to stimulate research and communication on explosive volcanism.

The W.G. has three main areas of interest: (1) pyroclastic deposits, including characterization, stratigraphy and tephrochronology; (2) eruption mechanisms nd eruption dynamics, including geochemical and geophysical studies, modeling of volcanic systems and depositional processes, and fluid dynamics (much of this work can be applied to volcanic hazard analysis); and (3) interaction of explosive eruptions and the atmosphere.
Role of Water in Urban Ecology
Authors: Grigg Neil S.
Published: October 2011

This volume is a report on a symposium on the role of water in urban ecology held in Amsterdam in August 1979. The second international environmental symposium of the Koninklijke Nederlandsche Heide Maatschappij (Royal Netherlands Land Development Society) was cosponsored by the International Association for Ecology (INTECOL) and Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company with proceedings published in a special edition of the journal Urban Ecology, volume 6, pp. 1–362, from which this volume is reprinted.
AGU elected officers
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

On July 1, newly elected section and union officers will assume their roles as members of the Council. Each new section president‐elect will serve 2 years in that capacity, then 2 years as section president.

These are the Council members who will serve through June 30, 1986.
BOSP solicits community input
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

To fulfill its role in serving the ocean sciences community and the federal agencies that fund ocean activities, the Board of Ocean Science and Policy (BOSP) of the National Research Council is calling for community input to a report on future trends and new opportunities in ocean science and policy through the year 2000

BOSP is seeking information on the needs and opportunities in the field as broadly defined as ranging from augmentation of existing activities to new facilities to new ideas. In its first stage, the study will consist of a series of reports focused on 10 areas (see list below). The second stage will focus on themes that link the defined disciplines. Ideas and suggestions about linking themes also are welcomed for the BOSP report.
The NASA STE Project
Authors: Holton James R. , Danielsen Edwin F. , Russell Philip B.
Published: October 2011

The NASA Upper Atmosphere Research Program has funded a multi‐year, multi‐mission project, the Stratosphere‐Troposphere Exchange (STE) Project, whose goal is to improve our understanding of the processes by which trace constituents are exchanged between the stratosphere and troposphere. The project is managed by the Atmospheric Experiments Branch, NASA Ames Research Center. Project scientist is E.F. Danielsen, and project manager is P.B. Russell, both of Ames Research Center. Scientific guidance is provided by an executive committee chaired by J.R. Holton, University of Washington. Project plans call for five major missions using the NASA U‐2 and ER‐2 high altitude aircraft in the extratropics, the subtropics, and the equatorial region in the years 1984–1987.
Waterman Award
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Nominations are now being accepted for the Alan T. Waterman Award, which annually recognizes an outstanding young scientist in the forefront of science. The award, named for the first director of the National Science Foundation (NSF), was established by Congress in 1975 to mark the agency's silver anniversary.

Candidates for the 1985 award must be U.S. citizens and must be 35 years old or younger (or not be more than 5 years beyond receipt of the Ph.D. degree by December 31, 1984). Candidates should have completed sufficient scientific or engineering research to have demonstrated through personal accomplishments outstanding capability and exceptional promise for significant future achievement, the award committee says. In addition, those nominated should exhibit quality, innovation, and potential for discovery in their research.
Groundwater occurrence and the dissolution of salt at the WIPP Radioactive Waste Repository Site
Authors: Chaturvedi Lokesh , Rehfeldt Kenneth
Published: October 2011

The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), located about 25 miles east of Carlsbad, in southeastern New Mexico, is slated to be the first deep geologic repository for permanent disposal of radioactive wastes in the United States. The repository will be located in bedded salt of Permian (225 m.y. B.P.) age, at a depth of 655 m below the ground surface. The present mission of WIPP calls for a permanent disposal of approximately 170,000 cubic meters of defense transuranic (TRU) wastes and for temporary, retrievable emplacement of 4.25 cubic meters of experimental high level wastes. The site will not be licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) but will comply with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards and all other federal and state regulations.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 9(6), June 30, 1984, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E84–007 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Fulfillment, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $ 1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
Man, A Geomorphological Agent: An Introduction to Anthropogic Geomorphology
Authors: Whittecar G. Richard
Published: October 2011

Many human activities alter surrounding landforms. In Man, A Geomorphological Agent,, Dov Nir systematically evaluates the role of people as an integral portion of the total geomorphological system. His expressed purpose is to develop the theme of “anthropic geomorphology” and to elucidate its position in the broader field of cultural geography. In this task Nir is generally successful, but the overall usefulness of the resulting book is limited.
Satellite troubles
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

Two satellites operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) encountered serious trouble recently

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) that provided weather pictures for the eastern half of the United States and Canada, all of Central and South America, and much of the Atlantic Ocean, failed on July 29; an incandescent lamp for the encoder burned out. In mid June, the NOAA‐8 environmental monitoring satellite lost its attitude control system and began tumbling in orbit at the beginning of July. The satellite includes a payload called SARSAT that enables the satellite to relay emergency signals from downed aircraft and ships in distress.
New space office
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has established an Office of Space Station to direct the agency's efforts to develop a permanently manned space station within a decade (Eos, February 14, 1984, p. 51).

The new program office, located at NASA headquarters in Washington, D.C., will provide overall policy and program direction for the space station program. The space station program office at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Tex., will report to the new program office. Space station project offices at other NASA centers will be responsible to the new office through Johnson Space Center. The Johnson Space Center was named the lead center for the space station in February.
Miscible and immiscible transport in groundwater
Authors: Mercer James W. , Konikow Leonard F.
Published: October 2011

The current conventional theory for transport of solutes in groundwater was fully developed by the 1960s. Attention then focused on the development of analytical solutions to the governing equation. By the late 1960s, the increasing efficiency of digital computers, coupled with the restrictive assumptions required for analytical solutions, led to a major emphasis on developing deterministic, distributed‐parameter, numerical simulation models. Several numerical models that solved the conventional solute‐transport equation were developed in the early 1970s and initially applied to seawater‐intrusion problems. Toward the middle and late 1970s, many applications involved hazardous and radioactive waste disposal problems. Almost all of these applications involved miscible transport. With the increased application of transport models to field problems, certain deficiencies in transport theory were identified. The deficiencies include the mathematical descriptions of hydrodynamic dispersion, reaction processes, and flow and transport in fractured rocks. Therefore, in the latter half of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s, considerable research was and continues to be directed toward improving our understanding of these processes in the saturated zone.
Lionel Wilson wins VGP Award
Authors: Smith Joseph V. , Wilson Lionel
Published: October 2011

Lionel Wilson (Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Lancaster, England) has brought physics to volcanology and transformed a largely descriptive and petrolqgical science by development of a quantitative and predictive understanding of eruption dynamics. Lionels involvement in volcanology started in 1971 when he helped George Walker determine the rates of fall of pyroclasts. This fairly simple problem led to questions of settling of ash particles onto the earth, and Lionel embarked on a series of papers that progressively traced volcanic debris back to its source crater. He described the physical processes affecting pyroclasts in strombolian and plinian eruptions, and with Steve Sparks and others modeled the formation (1976) and emplacement (1978) of ignimbrites by gravitational collapse of an eruption column. In a paper important to understanding the dispersal of tephra, Lionel and others demonstrated that eruption cloud heights are proportional to the fourth root of the mass eruption rate of magma (1978), leading ultimately to the inversion of the problem to deduce cloud height and associated eruption characteristics from mapped tephra distributions. The correctness and utility of Lionel's theoretical descriptions of explosive activity were demonstrated by a series of papers applying the models to actual eruptions at Fuego, Guatemala (1980), Ngauruhoe, New Zealand (1979), La Soufriere, St. Vincent (1982), and St. Helens, Washington (1982), as well as to tephra deposits at Askja, Iceland (1981), Toluca, Mexico (1977), and Thera, Greece (1978).
Covering for GOES
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In the wake of last July's failure of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES 5) weather satellite over the eastern part of the United States, managers at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) are trying to keep the weather data flowing to satellite users around the country. The geosynchronous satellite, one of two GOES spacecraft stationed over American longitudes, lost its imaging capability on July 29 (Eos, August 21, 1984, p. 483).

Following the failure, the companion GOES‐West satellite was shifted from its 135°W station to a more central position over the United States (98°W) so as to cover the eastern part of the country as much as possible. Now, says William Callicott, deputy director of NOAA's Office of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution, the lone remaining U.S. geosynchronous weather satellite will be shifted around with the seasons. At the end of this hurricane season, sometime after November 15, GOES‐West (or GOES 6, as it is officially called) will be moved from 98°W to 108°W, where it can better keep watch on winter storms in the northeastern Pacific. Then, in mid‐April, after the tornado season, it will be moved back to the central location of 98°W.
Glaciology Committee formed
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A committee has been formed to draft a science plan for U.S. involvement in a second deep drilling project on the Greenland Ice Sheet. The first meeting was held in Columbus, Ohio, on July 12, 1984. This committee is addressing two primary issues: (1) potential scientific and logistic involvement in a new multinational program and (2) the advancement of glaciological research in the United States through a science program in Greenland. The committee has received letters from U.S. scientists expressing support and interest in this deep drilling effort.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 9(8), August 31, 1984, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E84‐009 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Fulfillment, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1. Subscriptions to SEAN Bulletin are available from AGU Fulfillment at the above address; the price is $18 for 12 monthly issues mailed to a U.S. address, $28 if mailed elsewhere, and must be prepaid.
New research vessels
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Two “new” ocean‐going research vessels operated by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the National Science Foundation (NSF) will soon begin full‐time scientific duties off the coast of California and in the Antarctic, respectively. The 37.5‐m Scripps vessel, named Robert Gordon Sprout in honor of the ex‐president of the University of California, replaces the smaller ship Ellen B. Scripps, which had served the institution since 1965. The new ship is a slightly modified Gulf Coast workboat. Under the name of Midnight Alaskan, it had been used for high‐resolution geophysical surveys in American and Latin American waters by such firms as Arco Oil & Gas, Exxon, Pennzoil, and Racal‐Decca before its purchase by Scripps from a Lousiana chartering firm last summer.
Deep Drifters Meeting
Authors: Heinmiller Robert , McWilliams James
Published: October 2011

Technical development of a new generation of deep drifting systems is proceeding at several locations. A meeting was held in Denver, Colo., on May 18–19, 1984, under the joint sponsorship of the National Research Council (NRC) Panel for a U.S. World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) and the Drifters development program. The purpose was to discuss the state of development of these systems, their prospects for continued development, and their possible use in programs such as WOCE, where the intended spatial and temporal sampling scales are quite large. The three new systems discussed were RAFOS (SOFAR spelled backwards), the General Circulation Drifter, and Dyogene. The capabilities of existing Sound Fixing and Ranging (SOFAR) floats were also discussed.