bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Major Protein Components of Human and Cow Saliva
Authors: Akula Srinivas , Welinder Charlotte , Fu Zhirong , Olsson Anna-Karin , Hellman Lars
Published: September 2023

Cows produce saliva in very large quantities to lubricate and facilitate food processing. Estimates indicate an amount of 50-150 liter per day. Human saliva has previously been found to contain numerous antibacterial components, such as lysozyme, histatins, members of the S-100 family and lactoferrin to limit pathogen colonization. Cows are dependent of a complex microbial community in their digestive system for food digestion. We wondered how this would influence the content of their saliva. We therefore sampled saliva from five humans and both nose secretions and saliva from six cows and separated the saliva on SDS-PAGE gradient gels and analyzed the major protein bands by LC-MS/MS. The cow saliva was found to be dominated by a few major proteins only, the carbonic anhydrase 6, a pH stabilizing enzyme, and the short palate, lung and nasal epithelium carcinoma-associated protein 2A (SPLUNC2A), also named bovine salivary protein 30kDa (BSP30). This latter protein has been proposed to play a role in local antibacterial response by binding bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibit bacterial growth, but may instead according to more recent data instead have primarily surfactant activity. Numerous peptide fragments of mucin-5B were also detected in the MS analysis. However, mucins stain poorly by the gel staining solution and they are large and have difficult to enter regular gels why their presence easily are overseen. Interestingly, no major band on gel was detected representing any of the antibacterial proteins indicating that cows may produce them at very low levels not to harm the microbial flora of their digestive system. The nose secretions of the cows primarily contained the odorant protein, a protein thought to be involved in enhancing the sensing of smell by the olfactory receptors to enhance the possibility to quickly sense potential poisonous food components. High levels of secretory IgA was also found in one sample of cow mouth drippings indicating a strong upregulation during an infection. The human saliva we more complex containing both secretory IgA, amylase, carbonic anhydrase 6, lysozyme, histatins and a number of other less abundant proteins.
Valley–Selective High Harmonic Generation and Polarization Induced by an Orthogonal Two–Color Laser Field
Authors: Liu Xi , Liu Dongdong , Sun Yan , Li Yujie , Zhang Cui
Published: September 2023

The valley pseudospin properties of electrons in two–dimensional hexagonal materials result in lots of fascinating physical phenomena, which opens up the new field of valleytronics. The valley-contrasting physics aims at distinguishing the valley degree of freedom based on valley–dependent effects. Here, we theoretically demonstrate that both of the valley–selective high harmonic generation and valley–selective electronic excitation can be achieved by using an orthogonal two–color (OTC) laser field in gapped graphene. It is shown that the asymmetry degrees of harmonic yields in the plateaus, cutoff energies of generated harmonics and electron populations from two different valleys can be precisely controlled by the relative phase of the OTC laser field. Thus the selectivity of the dominant valley for the harmonic radiation and electronic polarization can be switched by adjusting the relative phase of the OTC laser field. Our work offers an all–optical route to produce the valley–resolved high harmonic emissions and manipulate the ultrafast valley polarization on a femtosecond timescale in condensed matter.
A Decision Support System for Managing Health Symptoms of Living Near Mobile Phone Base Stations
Authors: Parsaei Hossein , Faraz Mehdi , Mortazavi SM Javad
Published: September 2023

The rapid increase in the number of mobile phone base stations (MPBS) has raised global concerns about the potential adverse health effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). The application of machine learning techniques can enable healthcare professionals and policymakers to proactively address concerns surrounding RF-EMF exposure near MPBS. In this study, we investigated the potential of machine learning models to predict health symptoms associated with RF-EMF exposure in individuals residing near MPBS.We utilized support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) algorithms, incorporating 11 predictors related to participants' living conditions. A total of 699 adults participated in the study, and model performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The SVM-based model demonstrated strong performance, achieving accuracies of 85.3%, 82%, 84%, 82.4%, and 65.1% for headache, sleep disturbance, dizziness, vertigo, and fatigue, respectively. The corresponding AUC values were 0.99, 0.98, 0.920, 0.89, and 0.81. Compared to the RF model and a previously developed model, the SVM-based model exhibited higher sensitivity, particularly for fatigue, with sensitivities of 70.0%, 83.4%, 85.3%, 73.0%, and 69.0% for these five health symptoms. Particularly for predicting fatigue, sensitivity and AUC were significantly improved (70% vs 8% and 11.1% for SVM, MLPNN, and RF, respectively, and 0.81 vs 0.62 and 0.64, for SVM, MLPNN, and RF, respectively). These findings suggest that machine learning methods, specifically SVM, hold promise in effectively managing health symptoms in individuals residing near or planning to settle in the vicinity of MPBS.
Proof the Collatz Conjecture by a new view of natural numbers
Authors: Feng Jishe
Published: September 2023

The two main strategies used in this study are the binary representation and the decomposition of a natural number into many compound functions of odd function and even function. The Collatz conjecture regarding odd even numbers in number theory can be examined and discussed using them in this way: The sequence created by the finite iterations of the Collatz function becomes the ultimately periodic sequence if any natural number is the beginning value, proving the conjecture that has been held for 85 years.
Classification of Skin Lesion Images Using Artificial Intelligence Methodologies through Radial FourierMellin, Hilbert Transforms Signatures
Authors: Guerra-Rosas Esperanza , López-Ávila Luis Felipe , Garza-Flores Esbanyely , Vidales-Basurto Claudia Andrea , Álvarez-Borrego Josué
Published: September 2023

Eight lesions were analyzed using some algorithms of Intelligence Artificial: basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), melanoma (MEL), actinic keratosis (AK), benign keratosis (BKL), dermatofibromas (DF), melanocytic nevi (NV), and vascular lesions (VASC). This manuscript presents the possibility of using concatenated signatures (instead of images) obtained from different integral transforms, such as Fourier, Mellin, and Hilbert, to classify skin lesions. Eleven other Artificial Intelligence models were applied so that eight skin lesions could be classified by analyzing the particular signatures of each lesion. The database was randomly divided into 80%–20% for the training and test datasets images, respectively. The metrics that are being reported are accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision. Each case was repeated 30 times to avoid bias, according to the central limit theorem in this work, and the average and ±standard deviation were reported. Although all the results were very satisfactory, the best average mark for the eight lesions analyzed was obtained using the Subspace KNN model, where the metrics for the test were 99.98% accuracy, 99.96% sensitivity, 99.99% specificity, and 99.95% precision.
Multifractal Characteristics of Uranium Grade Distribution and Spatial Regularities in a Sandstone Type Uranium Deposit in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Cai Qiue , Tan Kaixuan , Zhu Junjie , Zeng Sheng
Published: September 2023

Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution of uranium grade in 348 boreholes of a uranium deposit in Xinjiang, the enrichment and spatial variation of uranium ore in two stopes of the deposit are discussed by using multifractal theory. The distribution characteristics of uranium ore of the two stopes are studied by multifractal parameters: the scaling exponent of mass , the scaling exponent of each sub-set and its corresponding fractal dimension , the fractal dimension D0 and information dimension D1. The differences of uranium distribution in two stopes can be well quantified by multifractal spectrum and multifractal parameters( , , ).10m×10m is defined as a fence unit, and the window sizes are respectively set, the singularity exponent of the two stopes are calculated by this element concentration-area(C-A) method. The results show that the multifractal theory and model can organically combine spatial structure information, scale change information and anisotropy information to obtain low-grade and weak mineral resources information, and can effectively distinguish complex and superimposed anomalies. This will provide a basis for local concentration and spatial variation rules of uranium distribution and the design of the parameters of leaching uranium mining well site.
The Importance of Prenatal WES Testing in the Romanian Population
Authors: Sabau Delia Ileana , Rădoi Viorica Elena , Maioru Ovidiu Virgil , Bohîlțea Laurentiu Camil , Suciu-Lazar Viorel Aurel , Ceausu Iuliana
Published: September 2023

Objective

Our objective was to observe the benefits and limitations of WES (Whole Exome Sequencing) in the prenatal setting, in the Romanian population. The scope was to observe the diagnostic yield in comparison to molecular karyotyping testing, which had negative results, as well as a case of consanguinity.

Methods

The first criteria was selecting pregnancies with abnormal ultrasound findings. These findings would not lead the medical team to a certain known syndrome.

Second, we performed SNP-array, which tested negative in all cases, except for Case number 9 which had an abnormal result.

The ulterior testing method was WES, using Massive Parallel Sequencing of the whole coding region of the human genome on Next Generation Sequencing Platform, NovaSeq 6000 (average coverage >100X, read length: 2x100bp). The Twist Human Core Exome kit RefSeq & Mitochondrial panel (Twist Bioscience) was used for the library preparation. Bioinformatic analysis was performed by direct comparison of the genome of the test sample with the human reference sequence (hg38).

Results

Our small cohort of 10 patients, resulted in a 50% diagnostic yield. After receiving the results whether a diagnose or a negative result, 2 couples chose to terminate the pregnancy, 5 were born affirmatively without symptoms, and are still monitored up to date. One of the pregnancies led to a stillbirth.

We have also found 3 incidental findings that helped the multidisciplinary team better manage the patient as well as the members at risk.

Conclusion

In this article we present 10 cases which were tested through prenatal WES, showing the great diagnostic yield in comparison to SNP-array in our selected cases. As a closing remark, we wish to highlight the benefits of WES testing in prenatal cases. Further testing is needed to get a clearer picture of the prenatal diagnostic yield in the Romanian population.
The Effect of Craniosacral Therapy on Blood Levels of Stress Hormones
Authors: Wójcik Małgorzata , Bordoni Bruno , Siatkowski Idzi , Żekanowska Ewa
Published: September 2023

(1) Background: Fire department cadets preparing to become firefighters and paramedics experience high levels of stress when participating in incidents like traffic accidents and fires. Stress adversely affects health and coping with it proves difficult. Unfortunately, there is no single method that reduces stress completely in humans. One non-invasive method for lowering stress hormone levels is craniosacral therapy. (2) Methods: Fifty-seven firefighting cadets aged 18-24 years (21.63 ± 1.41) participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to either a test group or a control group. Participants’ blood levels of cortisol and CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone) were assessed before and after the study. The study group underwent 5-week craniosacral therapy (1x per week). (3) Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the therapy group’s result was statistically significant for CRH values (p-value=0.00067) and for cortisol values (p-value=<0.0001). Wilxocon and Dunn tests showed that statistical significance for cortisol after CS therapy between the control and study groups (p=0.0377), and for CRH between the control and study groups before (p=0.00634) and after the study (p=0.000887), and in the study group before and after the study (p=0.0101). (4) Conclusions: Five weeks of craniosacral therapy lowered stress hormone levels. This therapy is a non-invasive tool for reducing stress.
Synthesis of Omeprazole@AgNPs and Omeprazole Sulfide@AgNPs and Considering Their Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Sharifzadeh Bahman , Mahmoodi Nosrat O. , Ravanan Arezoo
Published: September 2023

At this time, nanoparticles used to been considered for various biomedical applications due to their particular properties[1, 2]. It is already known that one of the major advances in the relative application of nanoparticles is the recognition of the steric stabilization which can increase the particle stability in the biological environment and provide the opportunities of the application of nanoparticles in the development of drug delivery systems (DDSs) for achieving drug targeting and controlled drug release. Nano crystalline silver particles (AgNPs) have major applications in biomolecular recognition of highly sensitive, anti-microbial treatment, catalysis and manufacture sensors [3-7]. The NPs for various applications medical like image quality, medicine, tissue, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of targeting tissues and cells styles. This is particularly the case of AgNPs significantly encompasses the whole a wide range of industrial and medical applications. In this study, we have been synthesized incorporated omeprazole and omeprazole sulfide drugs with AgNPs and the results was investigated with TEM, FT-IR, DRS and XRD. The particle size has been seen in imaging TEM about 80 nm. Moreover either Omeprazole@AgNPs or omeprazole sulfide@AgNPs are able to excrete bacteria. In this study, the antibacterial properties of drugs with silver nanoparticles also increased.
Optical Imaging Provides a High Sensitivity at the Sensory-Motor Gyri: A Functional Approach
Authors: Hernandez-Martin Estefania , Marcano Francisco , Perez-Diaz Oscar , De Dios Cristina , Gonzalez-Mora Jose Luis
Published: September 2023

Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) technology enables a differentiation between oxyhemoglobin (HbO) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR) in the sensory and motor cerebral gyri, resulting in greater sensitivity for cerebral activation compared to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Here, we introduce a novel approach where functional regions of interest (ROIs) are created based on the specific signal behavior observed in DOT measurements, in contrast to the conventional use of structural-ROIs obtained from anatomical information. The generation of cerebral activation maps involves using the general linear model (GLM) to compare the outcomes obtained from both the functional and structural ROI approaches. DOT-derived maps are then compared with maps derived from fMRI datasets considered the gold standard for assessing functional brain activity. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of employing functional ROIs to improve the spatial location of functional activations in the sensory and motor cerebral gyri by leveraging the neural synchronization data provided by DOT. Furthermore, this methodology simplifies data processing in animal models, where anatomical differences compared to the human head can pose challenges. By incorporating functional ROIs prior to GLM application, this study offers enhancements to DOT analysis techniques and broadens its applicability in both human and animal models.
Mean-Field Analysis with Random Perturbations to Detect Gliders in Cellular Automata
Authors: Seck-Tuoh-Mora Juan Carlos , Medina-Marin Joselito , Hernández-Romero Norberto , Martínez Genaro J.
Published: September 2023

Cellular automata are mathematical models that represent systems with complex behavior through simple interactions between their individual elements. These models can be used to study unconventional computational systems and complexity. One notable aspect of cellular automata is their ability to create structures known as gliders, which move in a regular pattern to represent the manipulation of information. This paper introduces the modification of mean-field theory applied to cellular automata, using random perturbations based on the system’s evolution rule. The original aspect of this approach is that the perturbation factor is tailored to the nature of the rule, altering the behavior of the mean-field polynomials. By combining the properties of both the original and perturbed polynomials, it is possible to detect when a cellular automaton is more likely to generate gliders without having to run evolutions of the system.This methodology is a useful approach to finding more examples of cellular automata that exhibit complex behavior. We start by examining elementary cellular automata, then move on to examples of automata that can generate gliders with more states. To illustrate the results of this methodology, we provide evolution examples of the detected automata.
Nutrition in Schizophrenia
Authors: Seeman Mary V.
Published: September 2023

Severe mental illness such as schizophrenia is associated with factors such as unemployment, meagre per capita income, and residence in disadvantaged, poorly resourced neighbourhoods. This means difficult access to healthy food and is particularly problematic for pregnant women and mothers with children to feed. Eating problems are also linked to the necessity of taking antipsychotic drugs that often lead to serious cognitive, psychological, and behavioural sequelae. Psychosis makes it extremely difficult to maintain a healthy diet; nutritional deficiencies result, as do medical complications. The results of present literature review confirm the gravity of the problem and suggest a number of potentially useful interventions.
High-Temperature Oxidation of Boiler Steels at 650 °C
Authors: Burja Jaka , Šetina Batič Barbara , Žužek Borut , Balaško Tilen
Published: September 2023

This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the formation, composition, and behaviour of oxide layers during the high-temperature oxidation of four different steel alloys (16Mo3, 13Cr, T24 and P91) at a uniform temperature of 650 °C. The research combines CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) calculations, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and advanced microscopy techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), to elucidate the complex mechanisms controlling oxidation kinetics and oxide layer development. CALPHAD calculations were used to determine the thermodynamically stable phases for each steel type at 650 °C. The results showed different phase compositions, highlighting the importance of steel composition in the formation of oxide layers. Each steel grade exhibited different kinetics, with 16Mo3 steel showing the highest oxidation rate, followed by 13Cr, T24 and P91. This variability highlights the role of steel composition, particularly chromium content, in determining oxidation behaviour. These results have significant implications for temporary overheating in industrial applications and contribute to a deeper understanding of oxidation processes in steels.
Parametric Analysis of Nonlinear Oscillations of the “Rotor-Weakly Conductive Viscous Fluid-Foundation” System under the Action of a Magnetic Field
Authors: Kydyrbekuly Almatbek , Zhauyt Algazy , Ibrayev Gulama-Garip Alisher
Published: September 2023

The generalized dynamic model of the rotor system, presented in the paper, is the first model that takes into account the interconnected oscillations of the “rotor - weakly conductive fluid – foundation” system under the action of such parameters as fluid and rotor motion, linear eccentricity, friction forces, foundation vibration and nonlinear characteristics of rolling bearings, as well as the action of a magnetic field on the fluid. Consistent equations of motion for the system “rotor - weakly conductive fluid – foundation” were derived and solved analytically. Forced and natural oscillations of the system were analyzed, and the distinctive features of the rotor system dynamics were revealed. The values of frequencies and amplitudes, which are one of the main factors determining the dynamic behavior of the system, were obtained and studied.
In Cerebellar Atrophy of 12-Month-Old ATM-Null Mice, Transcriptome Upregulations Concern Most Neurotransmission and Neuropeptide Pathways, While Downregulations Affect Prominently Itpr1, Usp2 and Non-Coding RNA
Authors: Reichlmeir Marina , Canet-Pons Júlia , Koepf Gabriele , Nurieva Wasifa , Duecker Ruth Pia , Doering Claudia , Abell Kathryn , Key Jana , Stokes Matthew P. , Zielen Stefan , Schubert Ralf , Ivics Zóltan , Auburger Georg
Published: September 2023

The autosomal recessive disorder Ataxia-Telangiectasia is caused by dysfunction of the stress response protein ATM. In the nucleus of proliferating cells, ATM senses DNA double-strand breaks and coordinates their repair. This role explains T-cell dysfunction and tumor risk. However, it remains unclear whether this function is relevant for postmitotic neurons and underlies the cerebellar atrophy, since ATM is cytoplasmic in postmitotic neurons. Here, we used ATM-null mice that survived early immune deficits by bone-marrow transplantation, and reached initial neurodegeneration stages at 12 months of age. Global cerebellar transcriptomics demonstrated ATM depletion to trigger upregulations in most neurotransmission and neuropeptide systems. Downregulated transcripts were found for the ATM interactome component Usp2, many non-coding RNAs, ataxia genes Itpr1, Grid2, immediate early genes and immunity factors. Allelic splice changes affected prominently neuropeptide machinery, e.g. Oprm1. Validation experiments with stressors were performed in human neuroblastoma cells, where ATM localized only to cytoplasm, similar to brain. Effect confirmation in SH-SY5Y cells occurred after ATM depletion and osmotic stress better than nutrient / oxidative stress, not after ATM kinase inhibition or DNA stressor bleomycin. Overall, we provide pioneer observations from a faithful A-T mouse model, which suggest general changes in synaptic and dense-core vesicle stress adaptation.
The Future is Now: How Colleges and Universities Can Prepare Students for the Jobs of 2030 and Beyond
Authors: Eslit Edgar R.
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about major changes in our world and has accelerated the progress of the job market. This presents both a challenging and exciting prospect for the workforce in the future, particularly in 2030 and beyond. Through thorough literature reviews, this paper navigates the constantly changing landscape of education and employment. It specifically focuses on the importance of preparing students for the jobs of the future by fostering skills such as adaptability, critical thinking, empathy, integrity, optimism, proactivity, and resilience. The pandemic has accelerated the need for online learning and remote work skills, which are now essential for future success. Through observations, the paper also examines the pulse of the situation in Iligan City, Philippines, where aligning educational institutions with the changing job market is crucial. Overall, this paper has significant implications for educational reforms and real-world challenges, creating a guide for institutions to empower students and contribute to the city's economic growth. Significant information suggests that in a constantly evolving world, those who are prepared, adaptable, and equipped with the skills to shape the future will succeed. Iligan City is well-aware that it needs to position itself to play a pivotal role in this journey.
Implications of Reynolds Averaging for Reactive Tracers in Turbulent Flows
Authors: Legare Sierra , Stastna Marek
Published: September 2023

RANS simulations have been broadly used to investigate turbulence in the oceans and atmosphere. Within these environments there are a multitude of tracers undergoing reactions (eg. phytoplankton growth, chemical reactions). The distribution of these reactive tracers is strongly influenced by turbulent mixing. With a 50 member ensemble of two dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor induced turbulent mixing, we show that the dynamics of a reactive tracer growing according to Fisher’s equation are poorly captured by the mean. A fluctuation-dependent sink introduced by Reynolds averaging Fisher’s equation transfers concentration from the mean to the fluctuations. We compare the dynamics of the reactive tracer with those of a passive tracer. The reaction causes the concentration of reactive tracer to increase thereby increasing Fickian diffusion and allowing the reactive tracer to diffuse into turbulent structures that the passive tracer cannot reach. A positive feedback between turbulent mixing and fluctuation growth is identified. We show that eddy viscosity and diffusivity parameterizations fail to capture the bulk trends of the system and identify a need for negative eddy diffusivities. One must therefore be cautious when interpreting RANS results for reactive tracers.
Chicken Value Chain Analysis in The Gambia
Authors: Baldeh Falie , Jatta Raymond
Published: September 2023

The development of the chicken value chain in The Gambia has immense potentials to lead to the modernisation of agriculture and creating employment for young people and women. Chicken can be raised throughout the year in most parts of The Gambia. With increasing populations, environmental degradation and loss of rangelands, chicken is easier to producer than other livestock, such as cattle and small ruminants.

The development of the chicken value chain in The Gambia is also mainly constrained at commercialisation. Commercial farmers in The Gambia are not able to compete with cheap import. Critical inputs such as day-old chicks and feed are imported. Most farms are operating below 40% capacity and only less than 4% utilisation of the available processing capacity. At full capacity and with some needed investments along the value chain, The Gambia has the capacity to meet the demand for chicken and eggs. 88% of the value chain actors believe that the imposition of tariffs on chicken imports will lead to the upward transformation of the chicken value chain being able to employ at least 10% of the Gambian population.
Dual-Emissive Monoruthenium Complexes of N(CH3)-Bridged Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Substituent Effect
Authors: Wu Si-Hai , Zhang Zhe , Zheng Ren-Hui , Yang Rong , Wang Lianhui , Shao Jiang-Yang , Gong Zhong-Liang , Zhong Yu-Wu
Published: September 2023

Three monoruthenium complexes 1(PF6)23(PF6)2 bearing a N(CH3)-bridged ligand have been synthesized and characterized. These complexes have a general formula of [Ru(bpy)2(L)](PF6)2, where L is a 2,5-di(N-methyl-N-(pyrid-2-yl)amino)pyrazine (dapz) derivative with various substituents and bpy is 2,2′-bipyridine. The photophyscial and electrochemical properties of these compounds have been examined. The solid-state structure of complex 3(PF6)2 is studied by single crystal X-ray analysis. These complexes show two well-separated emission bands centered at 451 and 646 nm (max = 195 nm) for 1(PF6)2, 465 and 627 nm (max = 162 nm) for 2(PF6)2, and 455 and 608 nm (max = 153 nm) for 3(PF6)2 in dilute acetonitrile solution, respectively. The emission maxima of the higher-energy emission bands of these complexes are similar, while the lower-energy emission bands are dependent on the electronic nature of substituents. These complexes display two consecutive redox couples owing to the stepwise oxidation of the N(CH3)-bridged ligand and ruthenium component. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations are carried out to elucidate these experimental findings.
An intelligent technique for initial distribution in stochastic optimization methods
Authors: Charilogis Vasileios , Tsoulos Ioannis G. , STAVROU VASILIOS
Published: September 2023

The need to find the global minimum in multi-dimensional functions is a critical problem in many fields of science and technology. Effectively solving this problem requires the creation of initial solution estimates, which are subsequently used by the optimization algorithm to search for the best solution in the solution space. In the context of this article, a novel approach to generating the initial solution distribution is presented which is applied to a genetic optimization algorithm. Using the k-means clustering algorithm, a distribution based on data similarity is created. This helps in generating initial estimates that may be more tailored to the problem. Additionally, the proposed method employs a rejection sampling algorithm to discard samples that do not yield better solution estimates in the optimization process. This allows the algorithm to focus on potentially optimal solutions, thus improving its performance. Finally, the article presents experimental results from the application of this approach to various optimization problems, providing the scientific community with a new method for addressing this significant problem.
A Short Review on Dye Wastewater Valorization Using Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors
Authors: Almeida Ronei de , Guimarães Claudinei de Souza
Published: September 2023

Dye-containing effluent generated in textile industries is polluting and complex wastewater. It should be managed adequately before the final destination. The up-flow anaerobic blanket (UASB) reactor application is an eco-friendly and cost-competitive treatment. The present study briefly reviews the UASB application for dye wastewater valorization. Bioenergy and clean water production potential during dye-containing wastewater treatment are emphasized to promote resource recovery in textile industries. Efficiencies of color and chemical oxygen demand of 50–97% and 60–90% are reported in bench-scale UASB studies. A biogas yield of 0.36–36.04 L d-1 in UASB, which treats dye-containing effluents, is documented. Bioenergy production and water reuse allow environmental and economic benefits. However, data on full-scale UASB treating dye wastewater are missing. Besides, studies on combined systems integrating membrane processes, such as ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, and pretreatment of wastewater and sludge for improvements in biogas production might realize the complete potential for resource recovery of UASB technology.
Total Rainbow Connection Number Of Shackle Product Of Antiprism Graph (〖AP〗_3)
Authors: Huntala Melisa , Payu Muhammad Rezky Friesta , Yahya Nisky Imansyah
Published: September 2023

Function if  is said to be k total rainbows in , for each pair of vertex  there is a path called  with each edge and each vertex on the path will have a different color. The total connection number is denoted by trc  defined as the minimum number of colors needed to make graph  to be total rainbow connected. Total rainbow connection numbers can also be applied to graphs that are the result of operations. The denoted shackle graph  is a graph resulting from the denoted graph  where t is number of copies of G. This research discusses rainbow connection numbers rc and total rainbow connection trc(G) using the shackle operation, where  is the antiprism graph . Based on this research, rainbow connection numbers rc shack , and total rainbow connection trc shack for .
Controlled g-frames and their dual in Hilbert $C^{\ast}-$modules
Authors: Karara Abdelilah , Rossafi Mohamed , Kabbaj Samir
Published: September 2023

In this paper we give some new results for controlled g-frames and controlled dual g-frames in Hilbert $C^*$-modules. First, we talk about controlled g-frame characterisation and find certain conditions that are equal to them.Then, we explain the purpose controlled dual g-frames and controlled dual g-frames operator and discuss some of their characteristics.
Tensor product for g-fusion frame in hilbert $C^{\ast}-$modules
Authors: Nhari Fakhr-dine , Rossafi Mohamed , Aribou Youssef
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we stady the tensor product of $g-$fusion frame in Hilbert $C^{\ast}-$modules and we give the frame operator for a pair of $g-$fusion bessel sequences in tensor product of Hilbert $C^{\ast}-$modules.
Estimation of Factors Affecting Stunting Cases in West Java in 2021 Using Negative Binomial Spatial Regression
Authors: Djuraidah Anik , Amelia Mely , Anisa Rahma
Published: September 2023

Stunting is a childhood growth and development disorder characterized by below-normal height.  West Java, with its stunting rate of 24.5 percent, is one of the provinces included in the top 12 priority provinces in implementing the National Action Plan to Accelerate Stunting. Stunting cases are count data and their occurrence is rare. The analysis for the count data is Poisson regression with the assumption that equidispersion must be met. One way to overcome overdispersion is to use negative binomial regression. This study aimed to determine predictors/factors affecting stunting cases in West Java province in 2021 using negative binomial spatial regression. The data in this study comes from the publication of the West Java Health Service and the West Java Central Statistics Agency in 2021 with districts/cities as the object of observation. There is a spatial effect in the stunting data, so the spatial regression model is suitable. The results show that there is an overdispersion in the Poisson regression. The spatial effect test shows that there is a spatial dependence on the response variable and some predictors. The negative spatial autoregressive binomial is the best model with the lowest AIC value. The factors that have a significant effect are the percentage of infants aged less than six months who are breastfed, the percentage of food processing establishments that meet the requirements, and the percentage of infants with low birth weight.
Extreme Rainfall Analysis Of The West Papua Province Using Schlather’s Model Of Max Stable Process
Authors: Azzahra Alya , Oktaviana Pratnya Paramitha , Atok R. Mohamad
Published: September 2023

Data from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2021 notes the province of West Papua as the province with the 5th highest rainfall in Indonesia with a rainfall of 3,811 mm. The province also recorded 268 rainy days, the most amongst all provinces in the country. The excess amount of rain is one of the causes of disasters such as floods. This research uses rainfall data from the Regencies of Manokwari, Fakfak, and Kaimana. The method used is Spatial Extreme Value particularly Schlather's Model of the Max Stable Process. The data used is hourly rainfall for the period of 13 March 2022 to 17 October 2022 with the proportion of training and testing data respectively 85.84% and 14.16%. Extreme data collection was carried out using the Block Maxima method with a fitting to the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution before being transformed into the Frechet Z margin units. The calculation of the extreme coefficient resulted in a value between 1.4 to 1.85, indicating a relationship between the locations. Next, the best trend surface model was determined, which involves latitude coordinates for the calculation of the location parameter and both longitude and latitude coordinates for the calculation of the scale parameter. The spatial parameter estimation is carried using the powered exponential correlation function. Then, model validation was carried out using MAPE based on a comparison of return levels and testing data. The MAPE values obtained was 22.61% for the BFGS iteration method. The final step is to calculate return levels for periods of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 years ahead. All the results were categorized under very heavy rain. These results can be used by related parties to carry out disaster mitigation efforts.
Stock Portfolio Optimization Using Mean-Variance and Mean Absolute Deviation Model Based On K-Medoids Clustering by Dynamic Time Warping
Authors: Anugrahayu Mella , Azmi Ulil
Published: September 2023

The tendency of investors to choose investments with maximum return and minimal risk causes the need for diversification in a portfolio to form an optimal portfolio. A lot of research on stock portfolio optimization has been conducted extensively, but not many have tried to apply machine learning concepts such as clustering analysis to accelerate the establishment of a model that can have a positive effect on the time and cost efficiency of portfolio management. However, clustering is only limited to determining the optimal stock candidate, so it is necessary to add another optimization model to calculate the portfolio weight. Based on these problems, this study carried out portfolio optimization using Mean-Variance (MV) and Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) model based on K-Medoids Clustering by Dynamic Time Warping approach using Monte Carlo-Expected Tail Loss for risk analysis. Based on the analysis results, the MAD portfolio is more optimal than the MV portfolio by the MAD portfolio consists of five stocks, namely BMRI shares with a weight of 0.06243, UNTR shares of 0.08658, BBRI shares of 0.10285, BBCA of 0.53623, and KLBF shares of 0.21191 are the best optimal portfolios. The optimal portfolio of the MAD model has a rate of return of 87.836% in May 2017 - December 2022 with a portfolio performance of 0.03704, while the resulting risk level based on Carlo-Expected Tail Loss is 2.2416%.
Radiographic Outcomes of the Short and Intensive Rehabilitation (SHAiR) Program in Patients with Dropped Head Syndrome
Authors: Isogai Norihiro , Ishii Ken , Igawa Tatsuya , Ideura Kentaro , Sasao Yutaka , Funao Haruki
Published: September 2023

Background:

The radiographic outcomes of nonoperative treatment of dropped head syndrome are still unknown. The purpose of the present study was to assess the change in sagittal spinopelvic radiographic parameters after the short and intensive rehabilitation (SHAiR) program in patients with dropped head syndrome.

Methods:

This study included 48 consecutive patients with dropped head syndrome who presented with an inability to maintain horizontal gaze and who underwent the SHAiR program during the period of 2018 to 2019. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their ability to maintain horizontal gaze at the time of final follow-up: those who had regained horizontal gaze (the “effective” group) and those who had not regained horizontal gaze (the “noneffective” group). Sagittal radiographic parameters including the sagittal vertical axis (SVA), the C2-7 angle, the C2-7 SVA, T1 slope, thoracic kyphosis of T1-5 and T5-12, lumbar lordosis, pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence, sacral slope, and curve flexibility, and demographic data and clinical outcomes were compared between the 2 groups using an unpaired t test, chi-square test, and Fisher exact test, as appropriate.

Results:

Thirty-five patients in the effective group and 13 patients in the noneffective group were analyzed. The rate of response in regaining horizontal gaze with the SHAiR program was 73%. The C2-7 angle, the C2-7 SVA, T1 slope, and thoracic kyphosis (T1-5) demonstrated significant correction in the effective group (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in other parameters below the mid-thoracic spine—i.e., the thoracolumbar and lumbar spine and pelvis—following the SHAiR program. Scores of the Neck Disability Index and visual analog scale for pain improved significantly in both groups.

Conclusions:

The SHAiR program improved horizontal gaze among a large percentage of our patients and reduced cervical pain among patients overall. The correction of thoracic kyphosis (T1-5) might be an important treatment target to restore the appropriate T1 tilt in patients with dropped head syndrome.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Mapping and localization within a mock sewer system
Authors: Dodd Brandon , Ennasr Osama , Naser Amir , Ellison Charles , Ray Jason , Glaspell Garry , Netchaev Anton
Published: September 2023

Herein, we explored a robot’s ability to localize and map, both in simulation and on a physical robot, within a mock sewer system. Mapping and localization techniques were first developed and tested in simulation and were then transitioned to the actual robot for additional physical testing. Several odometry and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques, including gmapping, SLAM toolbox, elevation mapping, and RTABMap, were evaluated for this particular environment. The results of the odometry and the various SLAM approaches are discussed in detail.
The Influence of Endorsement on Social Media Instagram on Purchase Interest for Product Lip Cream MakeOver
Authors: Suryadi Trisya Afrilya , Kusumahadi Krishna
Published: September 2023

This research aims to determine the decision in purchasing makeover products in which there are ten dimensions consisting of Selebgram, Adolescent Consumptive behavior, Can be trusted, Attractiveness, Skill, Selection of products and brands, Channel Selection, Consumers have different choices, Total purchases, and Payment Method. MakeOver, too, can find the effect of endorsement through Instagram social media on lip cream makeover products. The method used in this study uses quantitative methods with this type of research using descriptive and casual methods. Based on the research strategy used using a questionnaire. The technique used in this study used Impossible Sampling with purposive sampling using a questionnaire with 554 respondents who bought makeover products. Data analysis was carried out in this study using Multiple Linear Regression using SPSS software. Based on the results of the descriptive analysis, the endorsement variable and purchase decision are in a good category. The results of the hypothesis show that celebrity variables, Adolescent Consumptive behavior, Can be trusted, attractiveness, and Skill have a positive and significant relationship to purchase satisfaction either partially or simultaneously. This research is expected to provide benefits and broad insights to other researchers and makeover products regarding the endorsement of satisfaction in purchasing lip cream makeover products. As well as engagement, There is a relationship between endorsement and purchase intention. It is recommended that cosmetic/beauty product makeover companies pay more attention to consumers when buying their products, as this will trigger the success of a product and increase the company's success rate.
IZI To Success: The Impact Of The Productive Zakat Empowerment Program On The Welfare Of Beneficiaries By The Indonesian Zakat Initiative (IZI) In North Sumatra
Authors: Husna Nurul , Siregar Muhammad Habibi
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research is to understand the mechanism and assess the impact of the IZI To Success program implemented by the Indonesian Zakat Initiative (IZI) in North Sumatra on the welfare of beneficiaries. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Data collection techniques for this research include observation, interviews, and literature review. The data analysis technique in this study consists of three stages: 1) Data reduction (simplification and abstraction of data), 2) Data presentation (organizing information in the form of narrative texts), and 3) Concluding. This study involved six informants from the IZI To Success program, divided into the "lapakberkah" program, catfish farming, and livestock development. The research findings indicate that the IZI To Success program brings welfare to the beneficiaries, as evidenced by the increase in their income after participating in the program. Similarly, the beneficiaries have become more self-reliant in practicing Zakat, Infak, and Sedekah (ZIS). Out of the total of six informants, five of them claimed to have become self-reliant in practicing ZIS both before and after participating in the IZI To Success program, while one informant is still not self-reliant in practicing ZIS.
IMPLEMENTATION OF LAWS REGARDING ECONOMIC CRIME IN THE ECONOMIC FIELD IN LAW NUMBER 20 OF 2001 CONCERNING ERADICATION OF CRIMINAL ACTIONS OF CORRUPTION
Authors: Florid Muhamad Irfan , Sambas Nandang
Published: September 2023

Crimes against the economy pose a significant challenge to the development and maintenance of economies across the world. The Indonesian government has enacted a number of laws, notably Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes, in order to address this issue and find a solution. This legislation plays a significant part in the fight against economic criminal activity in all areas of the economy. The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges and elements that contribute to the success or failure of anti-corruption efforts. This study employed an empirical research method, which is a type of legal research that involves examining primary and secondary data, specifically data obtained directly from the public through field studies and literature studies. Field studies and literature studies are two of the most significant challenges facing efforts to eradicate economic crime in Indonesia. This study has significant implications that will enhance knowledge, provide advice, and provide suggestions to boost the efficacy of the execution of Law Number 20 of 2001 in eliminating economic crimes. These implications are crucial because this research will promote understanding, provide direction, and provide recommendations. It is anticipated that these repercussions will serve as the foundation for specific policies and actions that will boost the level of success achieved in the fight against economic crimes in Indonesia.
EVALUATION OF FAILURE BALANCED SCORECARD AND ADVANTAGES OF OBJECTIVES AND KEY RESULTS AS A STRATEGIC CONTROL SYSTEM: CASE STUDY ON THE ABC FOUNDATION
Authors: Nasution Rahmad Rahandi , Rossieta Hilda
Published: September 2023

An organization needs a strategic control system to keep tabs on how well its long-term goals are being met. The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a widely adopted strategic control system with a high rate of unsuccessful implementation. OKRs, on the other hand, seem like a strategic control system with several benefits. The purpose of this research is to learn more about the factors that lead to BSC failure and the benefits of OKRs as a strategic control system. Case study analysis and other forms of qualitative research were used to compile these results. This investigation focuses on the ABC Foundation, a non-profit organization that used BSC from 2010 to 2018 before switching to OKRs. Lack of senior management commitment, insufficient BSC team capabilities, and the fact that BSC is underutilized in SMEs were all identified as causes of BSC failure in this research. OKRs are advantageous because they are simple to comprehend, promote participation from all team members, and have shorter cycles to promote flexibility and openness to change.
Working conditions at the workplaces of foundries’ melting and casting sites
Authors: Lazarenkov A. M. , Sadokha M. A.
Published: September 2023

The working conditions at the workplaces of foundry workers when working at melting and casting sites, production factors determining them are considered. The results of studies of the working conditions parameters of the considered professions of foundry workers in comparison with the standard values are given. It is established that in a comprehensive assessment of the working conditions of workers at the smelting and casting sites of foundries, it is necessary to take into account the duration of stay at the working equipment, the equipment and hand tools used, the type of alloy being smelted (steel, cast iron, non‑ferrous metals) and the nature of production.