bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GHG Emissions Reduction through Urban Planners’ Improved Control over Earthworks: A Case Study in Finland
Authors: Säynäjoki Eeva-Sofia , Korba Pia , Kalliala Elina , Nuotio Aino-Kaisa
Published: August 2018

Most climate change mitigation schemes in urban planning concentrate on reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the distant future by altering the urban form and encouraging more sustainable behaviour. However, to reach climate change mitigation targets, a more immediate reduction in GHG emissions is also needed as well as a reduction in GHG emissions in other fields. This article evaluates the important role of earthworks in the prompt and substantial reduction required for GHG emissions. The research includes a single case study and three focus group interviews. The results of the case study reveal the magnitude of possible emission reductions through urban planners’ control over earthworks, whereas the findings of the focus groups shed light on the relevance of the findings beyond the single case. Three urban planning solutions were implemented in the case area to reduce GHG emissions from earth construction, resulting in the saving of 2360 tonnes of CO2 emissions. Notable savings were also achieved in other emission categories. Such a successful management of rock and soil material flows requires a strong vision from the urban planner, cooperation among many different actors, and smart decisions in multiple planning phases. Furthermore, numerical data is needed to confirm the environmental benefits if the coordination of earthworks is to be widely included in regional climate change mitigation strategies.
Gathering and Analyzing Surface Parameters for Diet Identification Purposes
Authors: Francisco Arthur , Brunetière Noël , Merceron Gildas
Published: August 2018

Modern surface acquisition devices, such as interferometers and confocal microscopes, make it possible to have accurate three-dimensional (3D) numerical representations of real surfaces. The numerical dental surfaces hold details that are related to the microwear that is caused by food processing. As there are numerous surface parameters that describe surface properties and knowing that a lot more can be built, is it possible to identify the ones that can separate taxa based on their diets? Until now, the candidates were chosen from among those provided by metrology software, which often implements International Organization for Standardization (ISO) parameters. Moreover, the way that a parameter is declared as diet-discriminative differs from one researcher to another. The aim of the present work is to propose a framework to broaden the investigation of relevant parameters and subsequently a procedure that is based on statistical tests to highlight the best of them. Many parameters were tested in a previous study. Here, some were dropped and others added to the classical ones. The resulting set is doubled while considering two derived surfaces: the initial one minus a second order and an eighth order polynomial. The resulting surfaces are then sampled—256 samples per surface—making it possible to build new derived parameters that are based on statistics. The studied dental surfaces belong to seven sets of three or more groups with known differences in diet. In almost all cases, the statistical procedure succeeds in identifying the most relevant parameters to reflect the group differences. Surprisingly, the widely used Area-scale fractal complexity (Asfc) parameter—despite some improvements—cannot differentiate the groups as accurately. The present work can be used as a standalone procedure, but it can also be seen as a first step towards machine learning where a lot of training data is necessary, thus making the human intervention prohibitive.
GP-delivered brief weight loss interventions: a cohort study of patient responses and subsequent actions, using conversation analysis in UK primary care
Authors: Albury Charlotte , Stokoe Elizabeth , Ziebland Sue , Webb Helena , Aveyard Paul
Published: August 2018

Background

Guidelines encourage GPs to make brief opportunistic interventions to support weight loss. However, GPs fear that starting these discussions will lead to lengthy consultations. Recognising that patients are committed to take action could allow GPs to shorten brief interventions.

Aim

To examine which patient responses indicated commitment to action, and the time saved if these had been recognised and the consultation closed sooner.

Design and setting

A mixed-method cohort study of UK primary care patients participating in a trial of opportunistic weight management interventions.

Method

Conversation analysis was applied to 226 consultation audiorecordings to identify types of responses from patients that indicated that an offer of referral to weight management was well received. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to examine associations between response types and likelihood of weight management programme attendance.

Results

Affirmative responses, for example ‘yes’, displayed no conversational evidence that the referral was well received and showed no association with attendance: ‘yes’ (OR 1.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.37 to 3.95, P = 0.97). However, ‘oh’-prefaced responses and marked positive responses, for example ‘lovely’, showed conversational evidence of enthusiasm and were associated with higher odds of commercial weight management service attendance. Recognising these could have saved doctors a mean of 31 seconds per consultation.

Conclusion

When doctors make brief opportunistic interventions that incorporate the offer of help, ‘oh’-prefaced or marked positive responses indicate enthusiastic acceptance of the offer and a higher likelihood of take-up. Recognising these responses and moving swiftly to facilitate patient action would shorten the brief intervention in many cases.
Diagnosis And Antimicrobial Treatment Of Bacterial Of Neisseria Gonorrhea Infections: Update Review Article
Authors: Shehabi Asem A. , Hamze Monzer
Published: August 2018

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are caused by a wide spectrum of bacteria, viruses and parasites. These agents can be easily transmitted during any direct genital or oral sexual contact. Recently, World Health Organization (WHO), reported that more than 1 million STIs  are acquired every day worldwide,  Each year, there are an estimated 357 million new infections with 1 of 4 STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomoniasis. There are few studies and official reports published on the prevalence of STIs in most Arab countries. However, few new recent studies showed increased prevalence of certain STIs in some Arab countries.
PREPERATION FOR A CLEAN SURFACE / ŠVARIŲ PAVIRŠIŲ PARUOŠIMAS
Authors: Ralys Aurimas , Prokopovič Valdemar , Striška Vytautas
Published: August 2018

The article reviews techniques for preparing clean surfaces used in the manufacturing process, considers the types of clean surfaces and their role in modern production and provides the classification methods of arranging such surfaces. The paper also discusses the principles of methods for solvent cleaning, aqueous cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, precision cleaning and mechanical cleaning. The study focuses on the possibility of adjusting a clean surface using a water flow, including cavitation.

Santrauka

Apžvelgiami švarių paviršių paruošimo metodai, naudojami gamyboje. Aptariami švarūs paviršiai, jų tipai ir svarba šiuolaikinei gamybai. Pateikiama švarių paviršių paruošimo metodų klasifikacija. Aptariami valymo tirpikliais, valymo vandeniu, ultragarsinio valymo, precizinio valymo, mechaninio valymo ir valymo, naudojant sūkurinį pulsuojantį vandens srautą, metodų principai.
Effect of essential oil vapours on aflatoxin production ofAspergillus parasiticus
Authors: Gömöri Cs. , Nacsa-Farkas E. , Kerekes E.B. , Vidács A. , Bencsik O. , Kocsubé S. , Khaled J.M. , Alharbi N.S. , Vágvölgyi Cs. , Krisch J.
Published: August 2018

The effect of cinnamon, clary sage, juniper, lemon and marjoram essential oil (EO) vapours was tested on growth, aflatoxin production and sporulation ofAspergillus parasiticus. In reversed Petri-dish method the sub-lethal EO vapour concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.42 mg/cm3 air were used and growth rates (mm/day) and antifungal indices (%) were calculated from the growth curves of the fungus. Aflatoxin production was determined by HPLC and spores were counted in a Burker chamber. Cinnamon, clary sage and marjoram EOs showed concentration dependent growth inhibition. Antifungal index and aflatoxin production using the weak antifungals, juniper and lemon EO, increased in parallel. The same trend was found using cinnamon and clary sage EO vapours up to 0.11 mg/cm3 concentration, and marjoram EO up to 0.21 mg/cm3, while higher concentrations caused a sharp decrease in aflatoxin production. Applying sub-lethal concentrations of EOs might induce stress response inA. parasiticus leading to increased aflatoxin production. Only EO concentrations with strong growth and sporulation inhibitory effect were suitable to inhibit the aflatoxin production ofA. parasiticus..
Refusal of Vitamin K Injection: Survey of the Current Literature and Practical Tips for Pediatricians
Authors: Levin Rebecca , Jung Josephine Misun , Forrey Lindsay , Glick Jill
Published: August 2018

Vitamin K refusal and associated sequelae of vitamin K deficiency bleed (VKDB) in the newborn period is becoming a more common occurrence. We present six recent cases from a 4-month period in 2017 of parent refusal of vitamin K and describe the reasons for refusal and the clinical outcomes of these infants. There have been a number of case reports citing the rising incidence of VKDB and the reasons why parents refuse. However, there is a gap in the literature and clinical practice guidelines describing how a physician should approach a refusal in the hospital and in the office, and the need to report a refusal to child welfare. In addition, we describe a scenario in which the caregivers provide a religious reason for refusal of vitamin K that, to the best of our knowledge, has yet to be cited in the literature.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2018;47(8):e334–e338.]
Limit theorems for random walks on Fuchsian buildings and Kac–Moody groups
Authors: Gilch Lorenz , Müller Sebastian , Parkinson James
Published: August 2018

In this paper we prove a rate of escape theorem and a central limit theorem for isotropic random walks on Fuchsian buildings, giving formulae for the speed and asymptotic variance. In particular, these results apply to random walks induced by bi-invariant measures on Fuchsian Kac–Moody groups, however they also apply to the case where the building is not associated to any reasonable group structure. Our primary strategy is to construct a renewal structure of the random walk. For this purpose we define cones and cone types for buildings and prove that the corresponding automata in the building and the underlying Coxeter group are strongly connected. The limit theorems are then proven by adapting the techniques in [23]. The moments of the renewal times are controlled via the retraction of the walks onto an apartment of the building.
Health Impact of Participation for Vulnerable Youth With Disabilities
Authors: Berg Kristin L. , Medrano Jonathon , Acharya Kruti , Lynch Amy , Msall Michael E.
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVE. We investigated the mental health impact of participation for youth with disabilities (YWD) in the child welfare system who had experienced victimization in the previous year.

METHOD. Nationally representative data were obtained from the second National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. Our sample consisted of 247 YWD ages 11–17 yr. Multivariable probit regression analysis and a robust variance estimator were used to test the relationships among disability status, participation, and clinical depression.

RESULTS. The probability of reporting clinical depression was 4 times higher for victimized YWD who reported lower breadth of participation than for victimized YWD who reported higher breadth of participation (6% vs. 26%; p = .03).

CONCLUSION. Occupational therapy aimed at increasing opportunities for engagement in activities may enhance the mental health of the most vulnerable YWD. Participation in meaningful activities can improve both overall health and transition to independence for vulnerable YWD.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adults With Fibromyalgia
Authors: Siegel Patricia , Jones Brandi L. , Poole Janet L.
Published: August 2018

Evidence Connection articles provide a clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s (AOTA’s) Evidence-Based Practice Project. In this Evidence Connection article, we describe a case report of a person recently diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The occupational therapy assessment and intervention process in the home setting is described. Findings from the systematic review (Poole & Siegel, 2017) on this topic were published in the January/February 2017 issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy and in AOTA’s Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Adults With Arthritis and Other Rheumatic Conditions (Poole et al., 2017). Each article in this series summarizes the evidence from the published reviews on a given topic and presents an application of the evidence to a related clinical case. Evidence Connection articles illustrate how the research evidence from the reviews can be used to inform and guide clinical reasoning.
CARGAS DE TRABALHO E AS INTER-RELAÇÕES COM O PROGRAMA DE HUMANIZAÇÃO DO PRÉ-NATAL E NASCIMENTO
Authors: Biondi Heitor Silva , De Pinho Eliana Cardia , Kirschhof Ana Lucia Cardoso , Rocha Laurelize Pereira , Kerber Nalú Pereira da Costa
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: conhecer a inter-relação entre a implementação de práticas assistenciais, propostasno Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento, e as cargas de trabalho presentesno processo de trabalho de enfermeiros em Centros Obstétricos e Maternidades. Método: qualitativoe descritivo, desenvolvido com 14 enfermeiros em dois Centros Obstétricos e Maternidades dedois hospitais do sul do Brasil. Dados coletados de outubro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016, através deentrevista semiestruturada, explorados com base na Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: emergiramduas categorias: ‘A atenuação das cargas de trabalho’, na qual se destacam as cargas de trabalhobiológicas e psíquicas, e ‘A potencialização das cargas de trabalho’, sendo elencadas as cargas detrabalho biológicas, mecânicas e psíquicas. Conclusão: a forma e o contexto como se processamas cargas de trabalho levam-nas a ser atenuadas ou potencializadas na implementação de práticaspropostas no Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento.
REQUISITOS DE AUTOCUIDADO DE MULHERES TRANSEXUAIS EM USO DE HORMÔNIOS SEXUAIS SEGUNDO TEORIA DE OREM*
Authors: De Andrade Carla Andreia Alves , Loureiro Andréa Roges , De Lima Neto Esmeraldo Rodrigues , De Vasconcelos Eliane Maria Ribeiro , De Araújo Ednaldo Cavalcante
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: identificar requisitos de autocuidado de mulheres transexuais em uso de hormônios sexuais, fundamentadona Teoria Geral de Orem. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvidoem Recife, capital de Pernambuco, de novembro de 2016 a fevereiro de 2017. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meiode entrevistas semiestruturadas, com uma amostra composta por 10 mulheres transexuais em uso de hormônios sexuais,selecionadas pela técnica Snowball. A análise foi realizada com o auxílio do Software IRAMUTE Q versão 0.7. Resultados:os requisitos encontrados foram: prevenção dos perigos à vida, funcionamento e bem-estar; busca e garantia deassistência médica apropriada; adaptação às modificações do corpo; modificação de autoimagem; e eventos adversosque afetam o desenvolvimento. Conclusão: os requisitos estiveram ancorados em questões geradas pelo baixo conhecimentosobre o uso de hormônios e pela baixa qualidade das informações recebidas por meio dos profissionais de saúde.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Senyawa Humik dan CaCO3 terhadap Alumunium dan Fosfat Typic Paleudult Kentrong Banten
Authors: Winarso Sugeng , Handayanto Eko , Syekhfani . , Sulistyanto Didik
Published: August 2018

Decomposition of organic matter releases humic compounds, that can chelate metals include Al in acidic soils. This chelation of Al is important fordecreasing of Al activity and P fixation in acidic soils. This study was aimed to test the effect of humic compounds extracted from rice-straw compost and CaCO3 combination on aluminium activity and phosphate (available P) on an Ultisol (Typic Paleudult) collected from Kentrong Banten. A laboratory study was conducted by series consentration of CaCO3 (0, 500, 1.000, 2.000, dan 3.000 ppm) in 8 grams of acidic soil. The acidic soil had previously been subjected to continuously addition of humic compounds and none. Then, these mix of soil and CaCO3 were added 40 ml contained 5.000 ppm humic compounds to obtain 1:5 soil:suspension ratio and control was made by using aquadest. They were shaked for 2 hours every day and pH was measured. At 11st days incubation Alexch (N KCl) and soluble of P (PB and PC) were measured. The results showed that liming or addition of CaCO3 to the acidic soils decreased Alexch (precipitated to be Al(OH)3) linearly with formula y = -0.778x + 6.108; y = Alexch (Cmol kg-1), x =CaCO3 (M); R² = 0,916. Combination addition of humic compounds and CaCO3 was able to increase pH and Alexch up to not detected. The increased of P-soluble or desorption P untill 384% took place at addition of 0.0016 M CaCO3 and 5000 ppm humic compounds. More desorption of P was observed if the acidic soils has previously been subjected to continuously addition of humic compounds, such us the increased of soluble P up to 739% at addition of CaCO3 0.0008 M.
Ameliorant Application on Variation of Carbon Stock and Ash Content on Peatland South Kalimantan
Authors: Nurzakiah Siti , Agus Fahmuddin , Syahbuddin Haris
Published: August 2018

Carbon stock on peatlands are large and will be easily emitted if the land is opened or drained, therefore the measurements of  carbon stocks and ash content are important to know the amount of emissions and agricultural sustainability in peatlands. This study aimed to determine carbon stock and ash content on peatlands in the Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF) located in South Kalimantan on the geographic position S. 03°25’52" and E. 114°47’6.5". The experiment consisted of six treatments of ameliorant materials namely; mineral soil, peat fertilizer A, peat fertilizer T, manure, ash, and control.  The results showed that the variation of peat soil properties was very high at this location. Peat thickness ranged from 36-338 cm, and this led to high variations in carbon stocks ranged between 161.8 – 1142.2 Mg ha-1. Besides ash contents of the soil were also highly varied ranged from 3.4 – 28.5%. This natural variation greatly affected the ICCTF study design. Mineral soil treatment had a mean carbon stock (961.3 ± 61.5 Mg ha-1) which was higher and different from other treatments. High ash content was obtained in the ash treatment (18.6 ± 2.5%) and manure (15.7 ± 3.6%).  It is recommended that the analysis of plant responses and greenhouse gas emissions using a single regression analysis and multiple regression with ash content as one of the independent variables are needed.Keywords: Ash content, carbon stock, peatland,  peat thickness[How to Cite: Nurzakiah S, F Agus, and H Syahbuddin. 2013. Ameliorant Application on Variation of Carbon Stock and Ash Content on Peatland South Kalimantan J Trop Soils, 18 (1) : 11-16. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.11][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.11]
Soil Chemical and Biological Characteristics for Diagnostic the Potency of Acid Dry Land for Soybean Extensification
Authors: Prihastuti . , Sudaryono .
Published: August 2018

The descriptive explored study was conducted in districts Bumi Nabung, Sari Bakti, Seputih Banyak and Rumbia, Central Lampung, Indonesia. The parameters observed consisted of chemical and biological aspects of soil, which directly affected plant growth. This activity was carried out as preliminary studies for the diagnosis of soybean extensification on acid dry land. The results showed that all locations observed were less suitable for soybean development, indicated by low pH values (4.35 – 6.00), nutrient contents (N < 0.1% and C-organic < 2.0%), and low soil microbial populations. Population of bacteria was 17 × 103 – 29 × 104 CFU g-1 soil and fungi was 21 × 101 – 63 ×102 CFU g-1 soil of soils. Beneficial microbe types included non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria (with the capability to fix the Nitrogen around 0.16 – 1.53 mM 100 ml-1 medium h-1), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (with the value index 1.22 – 6.25) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (with root colonization by 70.50 – 90.33% and the number of sporeswere 49 – 175 spores g-1 soil). This less suitable land can be improved to become suitable for developing soybean by using innovative technology. Soil biological and chemical improvement technology through liming and amelioration as well as organic and bio-fertilizers applications were required for soybeans extensification on acid dry land.[How to Cite: Prihastuti and Sudaryono. 2013. Soil Chemical and Biological Characteristics for Diagnostic the Potency of Acid Dry Land for Soybean Extensification. J Trop Soils, 18 (1) : 17-24. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.17][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.17]
Relationship between Water Content and Mineralization of Carbon and Nitrogen in Soils Varying in Physical and Chemical Characteristics
Authors: Saidy Akhmad Rizalli
Published: August 2018

An understanding on relationship between water content and mineralization of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) across soils varying in physical and chemical characteristics is required to assess the influence of soil physico-chemical properties on soil organic matter decomposition. However, such information is rarely available. Relationship between C and N mineralization of three soils varying in physico-chemical properties with different measurements of water content (water-filled pore space, gravimetric water content, volumetric water content, and water holding capacity) was studied through an incubation experiment for 8 weeks. Results of the experiment showed that C and N mineralization increased with increasing water content, reached a maximum, and then decreased with subsequent increasing water content levels. Maximum C and N mineralizations were observed at 70-80% and 50% water-filled pore space (WFPS),  respectively. The ranges of WFPS for C and N mineralization were the narrowest among other measurements of water content. Therefore, it was likely that a single WFPS could be used in subsequent incubations to examine either C or N  mineralization of soils with different characteristics. Result of this study suggests that the preliminary experiment on the   relationship between mineralization of C and N and water content is necessary to do where mineralization is needed to be assessed in soils that have different physico-chemical  characteristics.Keywords: Carbon and nitrogen mineralization, percent of water-filled pore space, water content[How to Cite : Saidy AR. 2013. Relationship between Water Content and Mineralization of Carbon and Nitrogen in Soils Varying in Physical and Chemical Characteristics. J Trop Soils, 18 (1) : 45-52. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.45][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.45]
Coal Waste Powder Amendment and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Enhance the Growth of Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq) Seedling in Ultisol Soil Medium
Authors: Budi Sri Wilarso , Christina Fiona
Published: August 2018

Coal powder waste application on low nutrient media is expected to be able to increase plant growth and to improve Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) development. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of coal waste powder on the growth of Anthocephallus cadamba Jack and AMF development grown on ultisol soil. Two factors in a completely randomised experimental design was conducted under greenhouse conditions and Duncan Multiple Range Test was used to analyse of the effect the treatment. The first factor was ultisol soil ammended with coal waste powder (control, soil amanded with coal waste 5%, soil amanded with coal waste 10% and soil amanded with coal waste 15%) and the second factor was AMF inoculation (uninoculated control, inoculated with Gigaspora margarita). Plant height, diameter, shoot dry weight, percentage of AMF colonization and nutrient uptake were measured in this experiment. Results of this study showed that coal amendment and AMF when applied separately significantly increased height, diameter, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and nutrient uptake of 12 weeks A. cadamba seedling, but when the coal waste powder and AMF were combined the plant growth parameters were lower than those applied separately but significantly higher than control. The application of coal waste powder or AMF in ultisol soil could increase A. cadamba growth and development.[How to Cite : Budi SW and F Christina. 2013. Coal Waste Powder Amendment and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Enhance the Growth of Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq) Seedling in Ultisol Soil Medium. J Trop Soils, 18 (1): 59-66. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.59][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.59]
Effect Application of Sea Sand, Coconut and Banana Coir on the Growth and Yield of Rice Planted at Ustic Endoaquert Soil
Authors: Nurdin .
Published: August 2018

The research was aimed to study effect application of sea sand (SS), coconut coir (CC) and banana coir (BC) on the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) planted at Ustic Endoaquert soil. The pot experiment was carried out using a factorial design with 3 factors. The first factor was SS consisted of three levels i.e.: 0%, 25%, and 50%. The second and third factors were CC and BC, each consisted of three levels i.e.: 0, 10, and 20 Mg ha-1. Application of SS and BC significantly increased leaf length where the highest increasing  percentage  was  16.47%  which  was  achieved  at  25%  SS  application.  Their  effect  on  leaf numbers and tiller numbers were relatively not similar pattern where leaf number only increased about 65.52% by BC application, while tiller numbers only increased about 10.77% by SS application. Furthermore, the application of CC and BC significantly increased panicle numbers to 29.53% and 29.05%, respectively compared to control. All ameliorants significantly increased panicle numbers, but the best was CC with the increasing up to 46.49% at 20 Mg ha-1 CC compared to SS or BC application. However, only coconut coir significantly increased the rice grain numbers.Keywords: Banana coir, coconut coir, rice plant, sea sand, vertisol [How to Cite: Nurdin. 2014. Effect Application of Sea Sand, Coconut and Banana Coir on the Growth and Yield of Rice Planted at Ustic Endoaquert Soil. J Trop Soils 19: 17-24. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.1.17]
Efficiency Test of IRRI Fertilizing Recommendations on Rainfed Low Land Rice Field in West Kalimantan
Authors: Hatta Muhammad , Syam Mahyuddin , Widiastuti Dwi Purnamawati
Published: August 2018

Fertilizing recommendation for lowland rice field in West Kalimantan is still in national scale and tends to be excessive. It is less relevant due to various factors such as the test method competence, the carrying capacity  of  the  land,  and  the  diverse  condition  of  rice  field  agro-ecosystem.  Site-specific  nutrient management (SSNM) is an approach for rice fertilizing on paddy plot based on science, history of land fertilization,  and  nutrient  sources  surrounding  the  area  which  can  affect  soil  fertility  level  and  soil conservation.This study was aimed to examine fertilizing efficiency of N, P, and K and the increased productivity of rice by utilizing software (website) of the IRRI. The study was conducted in farmers fields in two villages, i.e. Anjongan and Pak Bulu, Pontianak Regency, West Kalimantan. The results showed that the SSNM fertilization on rice increased yields by the average of 0.62 t ha-1 (13.47%) per growing season. The efficiency of SSNM fertilization was on the average of 22.05% N, 48.25% P2O5, and 31.50% K2O. The additional profits obtained from the SSNM recommendation was on the average of IDR 1,886,317 per ha pergrowing season compared to the profits from the FFP (farmer fertilizer practice).Keywords: Fertilizing efficiency, low land, rice, site specific fertilization [How to Cite: Muhammad H, M Syam and DP Widiastuti. 2014. Efficiency Test of IRRI Fertilizing Recommendations on Rainfed Low Land Rice Field in West Kalimantan. J Trop Soils 19: 25-33. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.1.25]
Influence of SP-36 and Phosphate Rock on Changes in Soil Available P, Leaf P Content, and Growth of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.) in an Ultisol
Authors: Rivaie Achmad Arivin
Published: August 2018

A study was carried out to determine the effects of rates and types of P fertilizer (SP-36 and Phosphate Rock) on the growth of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), leaf P content, and soil available P in an Ultisol in a glasshouse. The treatments consisted of four rates of P (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg P2O5 kg-1 soil) given in two different types of P fertilizer, namely SP-36 (total P2O5 = 36%) and Phosphate Rock (total P2O5 = 28%, particle size distribution = 75%<0.25 mm, 85%<0.50 mm, 90%<1.00 mm). Treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The results showed that at the rates of 50 and 100 kg P2O5 ha-1, there was no difference in soil available P due to the application of SP-36 and Phosphate Rock, indicating that both types of P fertilizer had the same dissolution values after 8 months of P fertilizer application. At the rate of 50 kg P2O5 ha-1, the application of SP-36 and Phosphate Rock gave the same leaf P content. This could indicate that up to the first 8 months, the addition of the cheaper Phosphate Rock and the SP-36 to the soil had similar effectiveness. The response of tree biomass to P fertilization followed a quadratic pattern, in which for the application of Phosphate Rock, the P optimum rate was achieved at the rate which was lower than that for the application of SP-36. This suggests that the application of Phosphate Rock to physic nut trees was more efficient and effective compared to the application of SP-36.Keywords: Leaf P, phosphate Rock, physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.), soil available P, [How to Cite: Achmad AR. 2014. Influence of SP-36 and Phosphate Rock on Changes in Soil Available P, Leaf P Content, and Growth of Physic Nut (Jatropha curcas L.) in an Ultisol. J Trop Soils 19: 9-15. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.1.9]
Proposta de ampliação de unidade de conservação em Tuneiras do Oeste – PR: aplicação de critérios geoecológicos
Authors: Ghisso Kamila Walter , Mezzomo Maristela Denise Moresco , Caxambú Marcelo Galeazzi
Published: August 2018

Com a preocupação de potencializar a conservação da natureza de Unidades de Conservação, este artigo apresenta uma proposta de ampliação da Estação Ecológica Angico-do-Cerrado, localizada no município de Tuneiras do Oeste, estado do Paraná. A proposta se pautou em critérios geoecológicos (influência da matriz, aspectos geoecológicos e gestão) e resultou em dois modelos, um considerado ideal e outro considerado intermediário entre o modelo ideal e a atual configuração da Estação Ecológica. Os modelos apresentados buscam evidenciar a necessidade de contemplar elementos essenciais para a conservação da natureza, como a inclusão de nascentes e córregos dentro dos limites da Estação, bem como o formato arredondado, diminuindo assim efeitos de borda, potencializando a conservação das águas e do solo.
A cartografia social como processo organizativo de visibilidade e mobilização social: relato da experiência com moradores em áreas sujeitas a inundação na cidade de Guarapuava-PR, entre 2015 - 2016
Authors: Silva Leonides Ferreira , Gomes Marquiana de Freitas Vilas Boas
Published: August 2018

A apropriação social da cartografia, por meio da democratização do acesso à informação, aos mapas e processos tecnológicos, tem contribuído para as lutas sociais, das quais a cartografia social é um exemplo. Pautada no envolvimento direto dos sujeitos sociais, potencializa a autoafirmação dos sujeitos bem como sua visibilidade, mobilização e reivindicação dos direitos territoriais. Nesta, os sujeitos sociais, organizados em coletivos, tais como comunidades tradicionais ou associações de bairro, decidem o quê e como representar-se, por meio do diálogo e da troca de experiências entre o conhecimento local e o técnico. Com o intuito de contribuir com a reflexão sobre a cartografia social em ambientes urbanos, neste artigo apresenta-se a experiência realizada com moradores do bairro Vila Carli, vítimas das inundações do rio Cascavel, no ano de 2014, na cidade de Guarapuava, estado do Paraná. A abordagem metodológica é qualitativa, buscando descrever e registrar o processo que culminou com a produção de um fascículo sobre o bairro, problematizando os desastres naturais, suas consequências e as demandas dos moradores. Os resultados apontaram para a importância da cartografia social como um processo organizativo, de visibilidade e mobilização social, na medida em que envolve efetivamente os sujeitos sociais suscetíveis à vulnerabilidade ambiental na discussão da/na cidade.
Essential Oils in the Control of Anthracnose on ‘Prata Ana’ Banana
Authors: Rodrigues M. L. M. , Mizobutsi E. H. , Fagundes I. R. F. F. , Fernandes M. B. , Mizobutsi G. P. , Ribeiro R. C. F. , dos Reis S. T. , Pinheiro J. M. S. , Prates P. J. L. , Lage G. G. A.
Published: August 2018

Alternative forms of disease control in fruits have been researched in an attempt to minimize the negative effects of chemical control on men and environment. The aim of this study was to determine the best concentration of essential oils to control the development of Colletotrichum musae and anthracnose intensity in ‘Prata Anã’ banana. In order to inhibit germination, mycelial growth and sporulation, four essential oils of clove (Eugenia caryophyllus), tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) species were used at concentrations of 2, 4, 6 and 8 μL. In fruits, the same essential oils were applied at concentrations of 80, 160, 240 and 320 μL to evaluate the incidence and severity of anthracnose. Clove and thyme oils were the most efficient in inhibiting mycelial growth, germination and sporulation at all concentrations tested. The volatile compounds present in clove and thyme oils provide complete inhibition of fungal growth. Tea tree and ginger oils have the ability to suppress anthracnose in ‘Prata Anã’ banana. Concentrations of 160 μL of ginger oil, 160 and 240 μL of tea tree oil reduced the anthracnose severity in fruits. Ginger and tea tree essential oils have the potential to control banana anthracnose, reducing the anthracnose incidence in fruits by 48% and 24%, respectively.
In vitro Growth of Genovese Basil in Response to Different Concentrations of Salts and Interaction of Sucrose and Activated Carbon
Authors: Trettel J. R. , Nascimento A. B. , Barbosa L. N. , Magalhães H. M.
Published: August 2018

Genovese basil has great economic potential; however, there is no established micropropagation protocol for this species. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the in vitro growth of Genovese basil in response to different concentrations of salts in the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) and interaction of sucrose and activated carbon. Two assays were conducted independently in an in vitro environment using the MS medium, regulators, agar, and five salt concentrations (0, 25, 50, 70 and 100%). In the second assay, two concentrations of sucrose (30 and 60 g L-1) and three concentrations of activated carbon (0, 3.0, and 4.5 g L-1) were tested.In addition, copper and zinc were quantified in the roots. The results showed that shoots were favored when the medium was at its full strength (100% salts), with seedlings forming more leaves.This result may be associated with a higher demand for nitrogen and because of the ionic balance between NH4+ and NO3-. High concentrations of salts affected the roots, but a reduction to 70% salt favored root development. Doubling the usual dose of sucrose (60 g L-1) damaged the growth of the seedlings. Damage caused by osmotic and oxidative potentials, and by toxic compounds may be related to the observed results. The amount of copper and zinc in the root increased with increased concentrations of activated carbon in the medium. The presence of activated carbon reduced callus formation but did not mitigate the effects of increased sucrose concentration.
Phenological Characterization and Productivity of the Physalis peruviana L., Cultivated in Greenhouse
Authors: Rodrigues Marilia H. B. S. , Lopes Kilson P. , Silva Joseano G. da , Pereira Natali A. E. , Paiva Francisco J. da S. , Sá Jolinda M. de , Costa Caciana C.
Published: August 2018

The Physalis peruviana L. presents great nutritional value and economic viability, becoming an alternative for the small and medium producer and an innovation for the Brazilian horticulture. However, some information on cultivation, are still scarce. In this context, our objective is to characterizing the phenological phases and productivity of the Physalis peruviana cultivated in a greenhouse in the semiárido paraibano. This work was done in the experimental farm of the Federal University of Campina Grande, campus Pombal, Paraíba. The experiment was driven in a randomized blocks design, with five repetitions, each repetition constituted of five plants. The phenological phases were determined through the height, diameter of the stem, number of leaves, floral buttons, flowers and fruits per plant, production and productivity. The data were submitted to the variance analysis and polynomial regression. The vegetative phase of the Physalis peruviana L. is concluded in a period understood among 32 to 45 days after the transplant (DAT) and the reproductive phase extends until 161 DAT. In the conditions of the semiarid, the crop of the fruits of the Physalis peruviana L. begins to 71 DAT, with a dear productivity of approximately 2 340.95 kg ha-1.
Associations Between Different Soil Management Practices, Soil Fauna and Maize Yield
Authors: Martins Ana Luiza Privado , Siqueira Glécio Machado , de Moura Emanoel Gomes , Silva Raimunda Alves , Silva Anágila Janenis Cardoso , Aguiar Alana das Chagas Ferreira
Published: August 2018

Soil fauna play an important role in ecosystems, and in this context, it is important to better understand how the abiotic and biotic drivers of these organisms interact. We hypothesize that soil fauna are affected by different soil management practices, which has an influence on maize grain yields. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structure of soil fauna under different soil management practices and their associations with maize grain yield. The experiment was conducted in Maranhão, Brazil, in an area divided into 24 plots of 4 × 10 m in a randomized block design with six treatments with four replicates (R). Pitfall traps were placed in the area. The treatments were Leucaena leucocephala-Leucaena (L), nitrogen (N), humic acid + nitrogen (HA + N), nitrogen + Leucaena (N + L), humic acid + Leucaena (HA + L) and humic acid + nitrogen + Leucaena (HA + N + L). The soil fauna dominance, abundance, richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and maize grain yield were determined. Formicidae was clearly affected by management with Leucaena, while Coleoptera was affected by management with nitrogen. Despite this, Isopoda and Diplura were the only groups associated with the maize yield. Although fauna abundance did not differ among treatments, it was related to the yield. This study confirms that the abundance and some taxa of soil fauna can influence yield and that these organisms can be used to increase agricultural sustainability.
Dynamic of Phosphorus Fractions in Typic Quartzipsamment Soil Cropped With Bean
Authors: Alovisi Alessandra Mayumi Tokura , Serra Ademar Pereira , Alovisi Alves Alexandre , Tokura Luciene Kazue , Lourente Elaine Reis Pinheiro , Carneiro Leandro Flávio , Silva Marcos Antonio Camacho da , Davide Livia Maria Chamma , Santos Silvia Correa , Silva Robervaldo Soares da
Published: August 2018

Phosphorus is the most limited nutrient in Brazilian soils for plant growth, resulted of low availability and poor P content in bedrock. The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamic of P fractions in a sand soil typical Quartzipsamment cropped with common bean under the effects of P and Si-fertilizer rates. The research was carried out in a soil with sand texture and clay mineralogy constituted mainly by kaolinite, classified as Neossolo Quartzarenico Ortico típico (RQo). The greenhouse location was the campus of Universidade Federal de Lavras located in the city of Lavras, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil (approximately 21o13'46.54" S and 44o58'26.30" W, average altitude 932 m above sea level). The experimental design used was entirely random, arranged in a 4 × 3 factorial design, with four repetitions, with amount of 48 experimental units. The treatments included four P rates (0, 80, 240 and 410 mg dm-3) and four Si rates (0, 240 and 410 mg dm-3). Phosphorus fractions in soil are little affected by Si-fertilizer rates. P uptakes by bean plants are correlated to the labile and moderately labile fractions. P-fertilizer rates increment majority the stable P fraction in soil and in lower proportion the labile and moderately labile P fractions in soil. Po-NaHCO3 is the only that contributes to bean plant nutrition.
Inoculation and Soil Texture Effects on Yield and Yield Components of Mungbean
Authors: Diatta Andre A. , Thomason Wade E. , Abaye Ozzie , Vaughan Larry J. , Thompson Thomas L. , Lo Mamadou , Chim Bee K. , Bateman Sarah
Published: August 2018

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] is a short-duration and relatively drought-tolerant crop grown predominantly in the tropics. This grain legume can improve soil fertility through biological nitrogen (N) fixation. To assess the effects of Bradyrhizobium (group I) inoculation on yield and yield attributes of mungbean, a greenhouse study was conducted during Fall 2016 with two mungbean cultivars (‘Berken’ and ‘OK2000’), two inoculum treatments (inoculated and uninoculated), and two soil textures (loamy sand and silt loam). Pots were laid out in a completely randomized design and treatment combinations were replicated seven times. The main effects of cultivar and soil texture significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected mungbean seed weight and plant residue mass. Seed yield (13%), plant residue (22%), and protein content (6%) of OK2000 were significantly higher than Berken cultivar. A 31% seed yield and 40% plant residue increase were recorded on silt loam soil compared to loamy sand soil. Significant increase in plant height (18%) and number of pods per plant (21%) were also recorded when mungbean plants were grown on silt loam compared to loamy sand soil. Bradyrhizobium inoculation significantly increased the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per plant, and seed yield. [Cultivar × inoculation] and [cultivar × soil texture] interactions had significant (P ≤ 0.05) effects on number of seeds per pods and plant height, respectively. Understanding the agronomic practices and soil physical properties that may limit mungbean production could help in optimizing its establishment and growth in non-traditional growing areas.
Determining Confusion for Traditional and Experimental Pedestrian Signals in Rural and Suburban Areas in the United States
Authors: Idewu Wakeel , Mazicioglu Dogucan , Naghawi Hana
Published: August 2018

Walking is a mode of travel used by billions of people daily. Facilities that promote walking such as crosswalks often involve sharing space with conflicting vehicular traffic. These areas are not immune to receiving pedestrians that either do not obey or do not understand today’s pedestrian signals, which are used to communicate periods of safe crossing. Therefore, improving comprehension would subsequently improve safety and crash rates. The Traditional Pedestrian Signal in the United States displays an illuminated man and a hand to indicate a cautionary-crossing period, a transition period, and a crossing-prohibited period. This signal type was evaluated and compared to a relatively new Experimental Pedestrian Signal. The Experimental Pedestrian Signal presented in this paper utilized the figure of a walking man changing only by the colors green, yellow, and red. Both signals were analyzed to identify the phases that best communicated the intended action. Video files depicting a Traditional and Experimental Signal were administered with a questionnaire to test the comprehension of rural and suburban participants. The results indicated that the Experimental Pedestrian Signal was not better understood than the current Traditional Signal, although a vast majority of participants preferred the Experimental Signal. The lowest comprehension occurred during the transition phase for both pedestrian signal types. The results also suggest that the interpretation of the yellow color varies by location and may invoke mixed responses if incorporated in pedestrian signals. A more appropriate solution may be to combine both symbolic and color cues into future pedestrian signals.
La lisibilité de la version arabe de la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant
Authors: Chraïbi Sylvie
Published: August 2018

Cet article vise à mettre en évidence les causes d’une apparente contradiction entre le fait que la version arabe de la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant est supposée s’adresser « à tout entendeur » (Cornu, 2005, p. 227-228) et que les contraintes rédactionnelles auxquelles elle a été soumise (De Saint Robert, 2013) en rendent, à notre avis, la lecture malaisée pour un non-spécialiste du jargon onusien. Aussi, bien que la Convention soit considérée comme un instrument juridique international à vocation universelle faisant foi, conformément au principe d’égale authenticité des versions traduites (Sauron, 2009), les conditions d’appropriation du texte par les citoyens arabes semblent insuffisantes. Au niveau formel, on remarque que l’orientation qui a été prise d’une uniformisation phraséologique et terminologique par un processus de superposition du texte traduit aux textes sources anglais et français – l’objectif étant de conserver une neutralité du discours – contribue à créer un style en rupture avec les habitudes langagières et le lexique partagés par les locuteurs natifs. Au niveau du traitement des concepts, on observe un décalage référentiel suscité par certains choix dénominatifs qui, dans le cadre de systèmes et pratiques juridiques propres aux pays arabes, renvoient à des normes et principes de droit parfois très différents.
CCR7 defines a precursor for murine iNKT cells in thymus and periphery
Authors: Wang Haiguang , Hogquist Kristin A
Published: August 2018

The precise steps of iNKT subset differentiation in the thymus and periphery have been controversial. We demonstrate here that the small proportion of thymic iNKT and mucosal associated invariant T cells that express CCR7 represent a multi-potent progenitor pool that gives rise to effector subsets within the thymus. Using intra-thymic labeling, we also showed that CCR7+ iNKT cells emigrate from the thymus in a Klf2 dependent manner, and undergo further maturation after reaching the periphery. Ccr7 deficiency impaired differentiation of iNKT effector subsets and localization to the medulla. Parabiosis and intra-thymic transfer showed that thymic NKT1 and NKT17 were resident—they were not derived from and did not contribute to the peripheral pool. Finally, each thymic iNKT effector subset produces distinct factors that influence T cell development. Our findings demonstrate how the thymus is both a source of iNKT progenitors and a unique site of tissue dependent effector cell differentiation.