bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conventions of Audit Quality: The Perspective of Public and Private Company Audit Partners
Authors: Brivot Marion , Roussy Mélanie , Mayer Maryse
Published: April 2017

This research is based on an in-depth analysis of 34 interviews with partners in Big 4, medium-sized, and small audit firms that specialize in private and/or public company audits, to explore how they understand the concept of audit quality. Two contrasting conventions—i.e., shared judgment norms—of audit quality emerge from the analysis. Public company audit partners in Big 4 firms espouse what we call the “model” audit quality convention, which considers that audit quality results from a technically flawless audit, where professional judgment is highly formalized, and quality is attested by a perfectly documented audit file that passes Canadian Public Accountability Board (CPAB) and PCAOB inspections. In contrast, partners working primarily on private company audits, regardless of their firm's size, endorse what we call the “value-added” audit quality convention, which considers that audit quality results from tailoring the audit to meet the client's unique needs, where professional judgment is unconstrained, and where quality is attested by the client's perception that the audit has given a better understanding of their financial situation and the associated risks and opportunities. Our analysis also reveals significant tensions within each of these two conventions, and a fear that the current regulatory framework for quality control might end up severely hurting audit quality.
Opinión del alumnado sobre el perfil de ingreso del médico veterinario y zootecnista del Centro Universitario de los Altos (CUALTOS)
Authors: De la Rosa Figueroa Adriana , Esparza González Alberto
Published: April 2017

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal explicar algunas de las características personales de los alumnos que ingresan a la licenciatura en Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia del Centro Universitario de los Altos. La información se obtuvo mediante una investigación cualitativa y la aplicación de un examen de diagnóstico al 100 % de los alumnos (42) de nuevo ingreso a la licenciatura en el calendario 2016-B. Para ello se contabilizaron el número de respuestas con resultado positivo en el examen de diagnóstico realizado al comienzo del semestre. De forma general, 51 % de los alumnos tiene una noción básica sobre el perfil de ingreso de su carrera.
Design of Photovoltaic Water Pumping System as an Alternative to Grid Network in Oman
Authors: A. Al-Badi  , H. Yousef
Published: April 2017

The agriculture areas in Oman is scattered, thus providing electric power from the grid will be costly. Oman is blessed with high level of solar radiations with a yearly average of 5 kWh/m2/day in most locations. Thus, using photovoltaic as an alternative power source for water pumping is considered one of the promising solutions since the cost of the photovoltaic (PV) module drops dramatically in recent years. The proposed system consists of PV, inverter, AC motor, centrifugal pump and storage tank. This paper presents system design and compares the cost effectiveness and the Present Value Cost (PVC) for the economic evaluation of power supply for pumping systems in remote areas using two different energy supply systems, namely, photovoltaic systems and grid network. A case study in northern part of Oman is selected to analyze the two pumping systems, which are designed to supply water for irrigation and drinking.
Study of Reactive Flow of Split-type Air Conditioners and Inverter Air Conditioners in the Consumer Units and the Public Electricity Companies
Authors: Marllon Welter Schlischting  , Gabriela Pessoa Campos  , Arnulfo Barroso de Vasconcellos  , Fabricio  Parra Santilio  , Teresa Irene Ribeiro de Carvalho Malheiro  , Raul Vitor Arantes Monteiro
Published: April 2017

This paper presents a study about the split-type and inverter air conditioners, in the context of billing and power quality. In field measurements using inverter air conditioners, it was observed that the injected reactive power flow on the bus is equivalent or greater than the consumed active power flow, thus influencing the power factor of the electrical system as these loads are connected to the system on a large scale. The measurements were performed with commercially available power quality analyzers and meters used for billing purposes. Therefore, from the point of view of sales of electricity, such loads are influencing the measurement of the power factor and therefore the reactive power.
The influence of Nonlinearity and Reactive Flow of Electronic Loads on the bus of Consumer Units and the Concessionaire
Authors: Lucas de Oliveira Rosa  , Marllon Welter Schlischting  , Gabriela Pessoa Campos  , Iago de Moura  Faria  , Arnulfo Barroso de Vasconcellos  , Teresa Irene Ribeiro de Carvalho Malheiro
Published: April 2017

The main focus of this article is to analyze the profile of LED lamps, tubular and compact, present in Consumer Units from groups A and B. The current technological advances led to increasing use of electronic loads in all sectors, mainly in residential and commercial consumers. In laboratory measurements using LED lamps, it was observed that the reactive power flow injected into the bar is equivalent or greater than the power flow consumed by the lamps, thus influencing the power factor of the electrical system. This paper presents measurements on electronic loads, composed of LED lamps, common in Consumer Units and analyzes its influence on the charging system and power quality.
Comparative study about electric vehicle charge, individualized or station based
Authors: E. Ramos Iglesias  , M. Pérez Donsión
Published: April 2017

This study starts from the increasing development of the Electric Vehicle and and the needs produced on the Electrical System, such as the increase in generation of energy, increase of the energy carried and the increase of the power of the installations, especially those with low voltage. Nowadays, all the initiative of the electric vehicle is being developed oriented to each owner being able to charge his vehicle in his own garage at home or in public or community car parks. Another possible solution is using Charge Stations. Similar to Petrol Stations, where the user could change the batteries or charge his own. In this study there will be a comparison between individualized charge as opposed to the charge in stations in a small grid.
Study of Case for Energy Efficiency in Old Buildings
Authors: J.P. Fumagalli  , R. C. Betini  , G. M. Alves  , P. C. Fritzen
Published: April 2017

Now due to the lack of rains in Brazil, the efficient use of the electric power became an important subject. There are federal norms that regulate the production and commercialization of products that are energetically efficient. Besides the regulations, several operational and maintenance methods exist to increase the efficiency of the use of the energy. These methods can reduce the electric power losses in these equipments and to optimize the consumption. Another viable alternative for the reduction of the consumption of energy is the use of equipments energetically efficient. Using the efficient equipments, operating these same equipments correctly and promoting the maintenances in agreement with the needs, a great amount of energy can be saved. The consumers that save energy will also be reducing the amount of tributes to be paid in their electric power bills. This article makes a study on old buildings in Brazil and it analyzes through a case study, as we could save with the costs of energy of these buildings.
Cooperative Control Strategy of Multifunctional Inverters For Power Quality Enhancement in Smart Microgrid
Authors: C. Stevanoni  , O. Deblecker  , F. Vallée
Published: April 2017

This paper deals with a cooperative strategy, based on the conservative power theory decomposition, which can be applied to control the inverters used to connect the distributed energy resources in a three-phase microgrid. In addition to inject/absorb active power at their point of connection, these inverters are operated according to their available power capability so as to enhance the power quality at the point of common coupling to the main network. Simulation results are shown considering, as an example, a three-phase three-wire microgrid equipped with two inverters, together with unbalanced and nonlinear loads. Among the different analyzed situations, the possibility to supply reactive power at the point of common coupling is shown with a view to provide voltage support, which is an asset in the framework of smart distribution networks.
Territorial management for an appropriate technological choice: the case of CIH and CIBiogás projects in Parana 3 River Basin, Parana, Brazil
Authors: M. V. Lange  , S. M. Andersen  , J.C. Pasqual
Published: April 2017

This paper aims to discuss to what extent the territorial management performed by the International Hydroinformatics Centre and the International Centre for Renewable Energy - Biogas, in partnership with Itaipu Binational, is leading to appropriate technological choice and promoting social change. The assessment is done based on the eleven criteria proposed by Gaudreau, Gibson and Fraser in 2012. Most of the criteria are positively met. The analysed projects seem to contribute in the improvement of society’s relationship to energy, going beyond technical and economic concerns to focus on the social and ethical implications of energy strategy. Nonetheless, there is no assessment process implemented, which would allow for personal self-reflection and transformative learning in a more structured way.
Risk mitigation of performance ratio guarantees in commercial photovoltaic systems
Authors: H.A. Basson  , J.C. Pretorius
Published: April 2017

This study demonstrates the importance of managing the risk of performance ratio guarantees, which typically are applicable to most commercial PV projects. A qualitative assessment of the performance metrics has shown multiple performance parameters, which could influence the Performance Ratio. Alternative performance metrics, including the Temperature Corrected Performance Ratio and the Weather Corrected Performance Ratio were evaluated by means of a quantitative analysis. The Temperature– and Weather Corrected Performance Ratios have both demonstrated the capability of reducing the inter-annual and seasonal variance experienced with the conventional Performance Ratio. The respective performance metrics were further calculated from multiple years of meteorological data in order to construct a statistical distribution for each performance metric. The resulting probability distribution function was then used to determine the probable risk percentiles for each of the respective performance metrics and compared with the separately calculated performance metrics referring to a long-term mean data set. It was demonstrated that the long-term mean derived performance parameters did present a risk for overstating the facilities’ performance. The risk was mitigated by referring to the multi-year’s P90 percentile instead.
Security issues in cloud-based Smart Grid applications
Authors: Berthold Bitzer  , Enyew Gebretsadik
Published: April 2017

The restructuring process in power systems leads to future systems as smart grids for the usage of more renewable instead of classical nuclear power plants. In this area information communication and computation systems are playing a major role in monitoring and controlling applications in smart grid so that reforming the energy delivery system. In smart grid a vast amount of data is collected from every angle of the energy delivery network, from customer energy meters, energy generation units in the customer premises and third party players. This bi directional information flow needs appropriate communication ways and the collected data has to be processed in a reliable, distributed, parallel and scalable computing resources. To address this demand cloud computing has a good potential and is considered to be a part of future solution. As a result several cloud-based smart grid applications are developed and being implemented. However, because of its nature of a shared pool of resources, cloud computing security and privacy are of particular concerns. Especially when it is used in sensitive area like electric utility applications. In this paper the security of cloud computing applications for power system is analyzed. The available security measures will be surveyed.
Influence of the battery model in the optimisation of stand-alone renewable systems
Authors: I.R. Cristóbal-Monreal  , R. Dufo-López  , J. M. Yusta-Loyo
Published: April 2017

Stand-alone (off-grid) renewable systems are usually composed by photovoltaic panels and/or wind turbines, with batteries (usually lead-acid) and in some cases including diesel generator. In many cases the total cost of the batteries (including replacement during the lifetime of the system) is the highest cost. The model of batteries used in simulation and optimisation of stand-alone renewable systems has a great importance as it allows the estimation of the lifetime of the batteries, which is one of the most important variables to calculate the Net Present Cost of the system and also the Levelised Cost of Energy. The lifetime estimation of lead-acid batteries is a complex task because it depends on the operating conditions of the batteries. In many engineering works and research studies, the estimation of battery lifetime is error-prone, obtaining values much higher than the real ones. In this paper we compare different models of lead-acid batteries, used in the simulation and optimisation of different stand-alone systems. We conclude that in many cases we obtain good results by using a complex weighted Ah-throughput model for the batteries, however using the classical models the estimation of the batteries lifetime is too optimistic.
BIOCARBONS FOR ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE: DEFCS AND SUPERCAPACITORS APPLICATIONS
Authors: A. Cuña  , E. L. da Silva  , M. R. Ortega  , C. Radtke  , N. Tancredi  , S. C. Amico  , C. Malfatti
Published: April 2017

Activated biocarbons (aBCs) and activated biocarbon monoliths (aBCMs) were obtained by several procedures in order to study their behaviour as PtSn support for ethanol electro-oxidation, and also for use as an electrode in supercapacitors. The textural and chemical properties of the materials were correlated with the electrochemical behaviour. The prepared E. grandis wood based biocarbon materials, have good qualities for use as PtSn catalyst support for DEFCs, and in supercapacitor electrode application. The micropore size and the content of oxygenated functional group have direct incidence on the distribution of the catalyst particles on the aBCs support surface. In consequently, the electrocatalytic behaviour of the PtSn/aBC is affected. The content of oxygenated functional groups also has a marked effect on the supercapacitors electrode behaviour. It was demonstrated that these functional groups are actively involved in the energy storage by the pseudocapacitive phenomenon. The nitric acid treatment is a good method to generate these functional groups on the aBCMs.
Variable structure strategy to avoid torque control saturation of a wind turbine in the presence of faults
Authors: C. Tutiv´en  , Y. Vidal  , L. Acho  , J. Rodellar
Published: April 2017

Every physical actuator is subject to saturation. It has been well recognized that, when the actuator saturates, the per formance of the closed-loop system (designed without considering actuator saturation) may seriously deteriorate. In extreme cases, the system stability may even be lost. This paper proposes an avoid saturation strategy for the torque controller of a wind turbine bench mark model. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy has a clear added value with respect to the baseline controller (well accepted industrial controller) in the presence of faults. Another advantage of the contributed method is that conservative bounds for the actuator torque can be fixed in order to extend the service life of the wind turbine.
Impact of Gearbox Oil Contamination on the Performance of the Wind Turbine Drivetrain
Authors: A. Salem  , A. Abu-Siada  , S. Islam
Published: April 2017

Wind turbine gearbox is a key component in any wind energy conversion system and online monitoring of the gearbox is essential to maintain system reliability. This paper investigates the impact of gearbox lubrication oil contamination on the performance of wind turbine drivetrain. In this context, vibration signal of the gearbox is measured and analyzed under various contamination levels of the gearbox oil. A thermal camera is used to identify the hot spot location within the gearbox during the investigated case studies. Results show that quality of gearbox oil has a significant impact on the overall performance of the wind energy conversion system.
Multifunctional tunable and piezoelectric Ba1-xCaxTi1-yZryO3 thin film capacitors for energy efficiency and harvesting
Authors: C.J.M. Daumont  , Q. Simon  , S. Payan  , J.L. Longuet  , B. Negulescu  , M. Maglione  , J. Wolfman
Published: April 2017

Multifunctional materials exhibiting both variable permittivity under electric field and large piezoelectric coefficients can be used in microelectronic applications for energy efficiency as an active impedance matching as well as for vibration energy harvesting. We propose here the exploration of the ternary phase diagram BaTiO3-BaZrO3-CaTiO3 (BCTZ) through the (piezo) electrical characterization of thousands of thin film capacitors deposited using combinatorial pulsed laser deposition (CPLD).
Real-Time Simulation of Interleaved Converters with Decentralized Control
Authors: L.-A. Grégoire  , M. Cousineau  , S.I. Seleme jr.  , P. Ladoux
Published: April 2017

This paper presents a decentralized control algorithm for interleaved converters for high reliability application. In previous literature, a master control provides information on the system configuration in order to generate the different carriers. The whole premise of the proposed algorithm is that each module only communicates with its two immediate neighbors which reduce communication latency. Using only the neighbors proper interleaving of the carriers and balancing the converter leg currents is achieved. Carriers from each converter automatically adjust their phase, as modules are added or removed dynamically. Such implementation offers a completely decentralized control which makes it fully modular. Results of the controller are presented using a real-time simulator.
DC protection in modern HVDC networks: VSC-HVDC and MTDC systems
Authors: G. Buigues  , V. Valverde  , D.M. Larruskain  , P. Eguía  , E. Torres
Published: April 2017

Considering the importance that HVDC systems are expected to have in the future of power networks, this paper aims to provide a wide overview of the protection against DC faults. In particular, it analyzes the detection and location techniques that have been proposed to date, focusing on the approaches that are set to be applied in modern HVDC networks, which comprise VSC-HVDC and MTDC systems.
Comparison of platelet function and viscoelastic test results between healthy dogs and dogs with naturally occurring chronic kidney disease
Authors: Dudley Alicia , Byron Julie K. , Burkhard Mary Jo , Warry Emma , Guillaumin Julien
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVE To compare platelet function and viscoelastic test results between healthy dogs and dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to assess whether dogs with CKD have platelet dysfunction and altered blood coagulation.

ANIMALS 10 healthy control dogs and 11 dogs with naturally occurring CKD.

PROCEDURES Blood and urine were collected once from each dog for a CBC, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, and determination of the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasma fibrinogen concentration, and antithrombin activity. Closure time was determined by use of a platelet function analyzer and a collagen-ADP platelet agonist. Thromboelastography (TEG) variables (reaction time, clotting time, α angle, maximum amplitude, and global clot strength [G value]) were determined by use of recalcified nonactivated TEG. Platelet expression of glycoprotein Ib (GPIb; receptor for von Willebrand factor), integrin αIIbβ3 (αIIbβ3; receptor for fibrinogen), and P-selectin (marker for platelet activation) was assessed by flow cytometry.

RESULTS Compared with healthy control dogs, the median closure time was prolonged, the median maximum amplitude and G value were increased, and the median clotting time was decreased for dogs with CKD. Platelet expression of both αIIbβ3 and P-selectin was also significantly increased for dogs with CKD, compared with that for control dogs. Platelet expression of GPIb, αIIbβ3, and P-selectin was not correlated with closure time or any TEG variable.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that dogs with CKD frequently had evidence of platelet dysfunction and hypercoagulability that were not totally attributable to alterations in platelet surface expression of GPIb, αIIbβ3, and P-selectin.
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain of neurologically normal dogs
Authors: MacLellan Megan J. , Ober Christopher P. , Feeney Daniel A. , Jessen Carl R.
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVE To acquire MRI diffusion data (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC] and fractional anisotropy [FA] values, including separate measures for gray and white matter) at 3.0 T for multiple locations of the brain of neurologically normal dogs.

ANIMALS: 13 neurologically normal dogs recruited from a group of patients undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

PROCEDURES: MRI duration ranged from 20 to 30 minutes, including obtaining preliminary images to exclude pathological changes (T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery transverse and dorsal images) and diffusion-weighted images.,

RESULTS: Globally, there were significant differences between mean values for gray and white matter in the cerebral lobes and cerebellum for ADC (range of means for gray matter, 0.8349 × 10−3 s/mm2 to 0.9273 × 10−3 s/mm2; range of means for white matter, 0.6897 × 10−3 s/mm2 to 0.7332 × 10−3 s/mm2) and FA (range of means for gray matter, 0.1978 to 0.2364; range of means for white matter, 0.5136 to 0.6144). These values also differed among cerebral lobes. In most areas, a positive correlation was detected between ADC values and patient age but not between FA values and patient age.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cerebral interlobar and cerebellar diffusion values differed significantly, especially in the gray matter. Information about diffusion values in neurologically normal dogs may be used to diagnose and monitor abnormalities and was the first step in determining the clinical use of diffusion imaging. This information provided an important starting point for the clinical application of diffusion imaging of the canine brain.
Progres Penelitian Austronesia Di Nusantara.
Authors: Simanjuntak Truman
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Progress of Austronesian Studies in the Indonesian Archipelago. Austronesian-speaking people in Indonesia, which are part of the global Austronesian-speakers, which is the most denselypopulated, have a strategic role in figuring out the global Austronesians, especially since Indonesia is located in the middle of the dispersal area. As the direct predecessors of recent Indonesian indigenous population, their emergence since ca. 4000 BP has become a highly important field of study in our nation’s life. The increasingly intensive researches within the last decade have resulted in significant progress in the Austronesian studies and have given us a better picture on the origin, dispersal, and development of the Austronesian speakers and their cultures, both synchronically and diachronically. Local evolution resulted from process of adaptation to the environment, as well as external influences, have created a cultural dynamics from the Neolithic to the Palaeometalic and historic periods, until now. Eventually the local evolution and external influences have generated unique local cultures that form a mosaic of diversity of Indonesian people and culture like we see today. The wide scopes of Austronesian studies and limited researches have left some unanswered questions, both in regionalglobal and national contexts. That is a challenge, which encourages us to carry out more intensiveresearches in the near future. Abstrak. Penutur Austronesia di Indonesia menempati posisi yang sangat strategis dalam pemahaman Austronesia global mengingat keletakannya di bagian tengah kawasan sebaran dengan populasi yang terbesar di antara negara-negara penutur Austronesia. Sebagai leluhur langsung populasi Indonesia asli sekarang, kemunculannya ca. 4000 BP menjadikan bidang studi yang sangat penting bagi kehidupanbangsa. Penelitian yang semakin intensif dalam dasawarsa terakhir telah memberikan banyak kemajuan tentang asal usul, persebaran, dan perkembangan secara sinkronis dan diakronis. Evolusi lokal sebagai hasil proses adaptasi lingkungan dan pengaruh luar menciptakan dinamika budaya dari Neolitik ke Paleometalik dan berlanjut ke masa sejarah hingga sekarang. Faktor evolusi lokal dan pengaruh luar itu lambat laun menciptakan kekhasan budaya-budaya lokal, hingga membentuk mozaik kebinekaan bangsa dan budaya Indonesia seperti yang kita lihat sekarang. Luasnya cakupan studi Austronesia dan masih terbatasnya penelitian menyisakan banyak pertanyaan yang belum terjawab, baik dalam kaitannya dengan konteks regional-global maupun konteks nasional. Kondisi ini merupakan tantangan yang mendorong perlunya intensifikasi penelitian di masa datang.
Model Pemanfaatan Kawasan Cagar Budaya Trowulan Berbasis Masyarakat.
Authors: Ramelan W. Djuwita Sudjana
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Community Based Model of Trowulan Cultural Heritage Region Utilization. Managing cultural heritage is not solely the responsibility of the government. However, local people must beinvited to play an active role too if preservation is to be successful, because utilizationof the site and its resources is directly related to the interaction of people’s lives with cultural heritage and if utilization is not managed properly then social conflict will arise. Trowulan is recognized as a national heritage area through Decree No. 260/M/2013 from the Ministry of Education and Culture, but its preservation needs to be properly managed. This study applied the qualitative approach: observation on sites used by people either controlled by the state or owned by the community; in-depth interviews to persons who have a role in public life, and of central and local government officials; discussion groups with researchers, academics, observers, officials of the central government; and the study of legislation. This study captured the essence of people’s aspirations in the utilization of Trowulan to create a model for community-based Trowulan utilization. Our model has produced benefits to social welfare and national identity. All aspects are related with each other to provide feedback (management board, legal aspect, blueprint, funding) so that it becomes strong and sustainable management. Abstrak. Penanganan cagar budaya diharapkan tidak semata-mata menjadi tanggung jawab pemerintah, masyarakat juga harus diajak berperan aktif. Utamanya, yang terkait langsung dengan kehidupan masyarakat dengan cagar budaya yaitu pemanfaatannya. Apabila pemanfaatan itu tidakdikelola secara baik maka yang timbul adalah konflik sosial. Trowulan ditetapkan sebagai Kawasan Cagar Budaya Nasional melalui SK Mendikbud No. 260/M/2013 namun penanganan puluhan ribu cagar budaya masih perlu dibenahi. Studi ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif: observasi di situs-situs yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat baik dikuasai oleh negara maupun dimiliki masyarakat; wawancara mendalam kepada tokoh-tokoh yang berperan di dalam kehidupan masyarakat, pejabat pemerintah; diskusi kelompok bersama para peneliti, akademisi, pemerhati, pejabat pemerintah; dan kajian legislasi. Hasil studi ini menangkap esensi dari aspirasi masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan Trowulanberbasis masyarakat. Model tersebut bermuara pada manfaat identitas nasional dan kesejahteraan sosial. Semua aspek saling terkait dan memberi umpan balik (badan pengelola, legalitas, cetak biru, dana) sehingga menjadi majemen yang kuat dan berkesinambungan.
Peran Museum Majapahit Sebagai Mediator Pelestarian Warisan Budaya dan Industri Pembuatan Bata.
Authors: Winaya Atina
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The Role of Majapahit Museum as a Mediator between Heritage Preservation and Brick-Making Industry. Trowulan, the archaeological site which is believed as the former capital of theMajapahit Kingdom, currently suffers damages caused by the local brick-making industry. Majapahit Museum is one of the institutions which can suppress, or even stop, the growth and development of thebrick-making industry. The aim of this research is to provide a recommendation for the development of Majapahit Museum in the future in order to work as a mediator that can bridge both interestsbetween heritage preservation (government, archaeologists, academicians, and non-governmental organizations) and local citizens, especially the brick-makers. The methods used on this research is qualitative method through observation and literature study, followed by analysis based on new museology approach and cultural resources management approach. Based on the result, it is expected that the Majapahit Museum can play a key-role in raising the awareness of local citizens of the importance of the Trowulan site. The preserved site will provide benefits and positive impacts to three aspects in society, which are ideological, academic, and economic aspects. Abstrak. Trowulan, situs arkeologi yang diduga merupakan ibukota Kerajaan Majapahit, mengalami kerusakan yang semakin hari semakin parah seiring dengan perkembangan industri pembuatan bata oleh masyarakat setempat. Museum Majapahit adalah salah satu pihak yang dapat tampildalam upaya menekan, atau bahkan menghentikan, laju pertumbuhan dan perkembangan industri pembuatan bata tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan untuk memberikan suatu rekomendasi terhadap pengembangan Museum Majapahit pada masa mendatang agar dapat berperan sebagai mediator yangmenjembatani kepentingan pelestari budaya (baik pemerintah, arkeolog, akademisi, maupun Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat) dengan masyarakat Trowulan, khususnya para pembuat bata. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode kualitatif melalui observasi dan studi literatur, disertaianalisis berdasarkan pendekatan new museology dan pendekatan cultural resources management. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Museum Majapahit diharapkan berperan sebagai media yang mampu menanamkan dan menumbuhkan kesadaran masyarakat setempat mengenai pentingnya kelestarian Situs Trowulan. Situs yang lestari akan memberikan manfaat dan dampak positif terhadap tiga aspek di dalam kehidupan masyarakat, yaitu aspek ideologis, akademis, dan ekonomis.
REVITALISASI MUSEUM MANUSIA PURBA GILIMANUK
Authors: Indria Ida Ayu Gede Megasuari
Published: April 2017

Revitalization of the Ancient Man of Gilimanuk Museum is very important to do as a first step to establish better communication between the Museum and the community it serves. This study aimed to describe the revitalization performed at the Museum of Ancient Man Gilimanuk and its relation to the strengthening of national identity. Methods of data collection in this study is observation, interview, and literature study. This research uses descriptive analysis techniques with a philosophical approach. The results showed that the revitalization performed at the Ancient Man Museum of Gilimanuk includes updating the interior of the main exhibit hall and also a site museum arrangement in accordance with the concept of the new museum. The revitalization at the Ancient Man Museum of Gilimanuk can increased the public awareness of their cultural identity. Revitalisasi sangat penting dilakukan sebagai langkah awal untuk membangun komunikasi yang lebih baik antara Museum Manusia Purba Gilimanuk dan masyarakat yang dilayani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan revitalisasi yang dilakukan di Museum Manusia Purba Gilimanuk dan kaitannya dengan penguatan identitas bangsa. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan filosofis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa revitalisasi yang dilakukan di Museum Manusia Purba Gilimanuk meliputi pembaharuan interior ruang pameran utama dan juga penataan ruang site museum sesuai dengan konsep new museum. Adanya revitalisasi di Museum Manusia Purba Gilimanuk dapat berpengaruh pada meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan identitas budayanya.
PERKEMBANGAN AKSARA KWADRAT DI JAWA TENGAH, JAWA TIMUR, DAN BALI: ANALISIS PALEOGRAFI
Authors: Nastiti Titi Surti
Published: April 2017

To date, Kwadrat script always associated with Kadiri era from 12th century, so that it is known as “kwadrat kadiri”. Besides in Central Java and East Java, there are some inscriptions in Bali which used kwadrat script. This research aims to know the development of kwadrat script and since when this script was used. Besides that it is also to track the historical relation of the use of kwadrat in Java especially East Java with Bali. This research used analitical-descriptive method and paleography approach. Based on paleography analysis, it is known that kwadrat script had been known since the era of King Dharmawangsa Tguh (± 991-1016). This script was brought to Bali by King Dharmawangsa Tguh’s sister named Gunapriya Dharmapatni/Mahendradatta who married King Udayana from Bali. If the two sibblings had known kwadrat script, it means that the script had been known since the reign of their parent named Makutawangsawarddhana. Aksara kwadrat selama ini selalu dikaitkan dengan masa Kaḍiri dari abad ke-12 sehingga dikenal dengan istilah “kwadrat kaḍiri”. Selain di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur, ada beberapa prasasti dari Bali yang menggunakan aksara kwadrat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan aksara kwadrat dan sejak kapan aksara kwadrat ini dipakai. Selain itu juga untuk menelusuri hubungan kesejarahan pemakaian aksara kwadrat di Jawa, terutama Jawa Timur dengan Bali. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang dipakai adalah metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan paleografi. Berdasarkan analisis paleografi dapat diketahui bahwa aksara kwadrat adalah aksara yang telah dikenal sejak masa raja Dharmawangśa Tguḥ (± 991– 1016). Aksara ini dikenal di Bali karena dibawa oleh saudara perempuan Dharmawangśa Tguḥ, Guṇapriya Dharmapatnī/Mahendradattā yang menikah dengan raja Udāyana dari Bali. Jika kedua bersaudara tersebut telah mengenal aksara kwadrat, maka aksara tersebut telah dikenal sejak masa pemerintahan orang tua Dharmawangśa Tguḥ dan Guṇapriyadharmapatnī, yaitu Makuṭawangsawarddhana.
The Implementation of Kagan’s Cooperative (Co-Op) Technique to Improve Reading Comprehension of Junior High Students
Authors: Setyawan Farid Helmi
Published: April 2017

Abstract: This study was aimed to investigate how Co-op technique can be implemented to improve reading comprehension of the eighth grade students of MTsN Ngawi who faced the problems in reading. The students did not comprehend the text and the score was low. The average score of reading test in preliminary study was 67 where as the average score of student’ success based on the minimum standard of students’ score is seventy (70). The design of this study was classroom action research. The technique applied in the research was Co-op technique. The result showed that the students reading average score significantly improved. In two cycle study, in the first test the students reading average score was 69.54, in the second test the students reading score was 76.15. It could be concluded that predetermined criteria of success had been achieved.
English Department Students’ Beliefs Towards Plurilingualism And Its Influence on English Academic Achievement and Language Learning Styles In Mulawarman University
Authors: Fahmimroah Feti , Ping Maria Tedora , Setiawan Iwan
Published: April 2017

This study aimed at investigating the correlation between students’ beliefs towards plurilingualism with their English academic achievement and language learning styles both from quantitative and qualitative perspectives. A mixed method was used in this study and the researcher took students from the sixth semester of English department. To collect the data, the researcher distributed questionnaire and conducted interview. From the regression calculation, it was revealed that students’ beliefs towards plurilingualism correlated with their English academic achievement and language learning styles. Furthermore, from the interview, students’ views towards people who have the ability in many languages and their self-confidence from the aspects of belief towards plurilingualism held an important role for students’ English academic achievement. In addition, the students’ beliefs towards plurilingualism influenced their language learning styles, especially the frequency of the students English use in campus environment, whether inside or outside the classroom.
Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension Through Text Structure Tasks
Authors: Rohman Abdul
Published: April 2017

Reading skill is one of the four main language skills taught in the classes of the English Department of Faculty of Education of Islamic University of Malang (FKIP Unisma). As the result of teaching reading had not achieved satisfactory result, the researcher conducted a study to find out how texts structure tasks can improve the students’ reading comprehension.

            The method employed in this research was a classroom action research. It comprised four phases: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The steps were adopted from Kemmis and Taggart’s action research model (1988). The subjects of the study were the four semester students of the English Department of FKIP Unisma in 2006 academic year. In the procedures and implementation process, one cycle consisting of four actions was done.

            The instruments used in the study were observation sheets and test. The observation sheets were made two forms. One form of observation sheets was to observe the teacher in implementing the action and the other observation sheets were used to observe the students’ activities or reaction to the teachers’ activities during the learning-teaching process. The second instrument used was a test. It was to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy used.

After four actions were conducted, a test was given to the students. The test result showed that the students’ mean score was 75.88 and the lowest score the students obtained was 65. The researcher decided that no more cycle was needed for the study had met the criteria of success. The action was considered successful if the students’ mean score reached 75 or under the category of B+, and the lowest score the student obtain was not less than 65.00.
Teacher’s Role in Managing the Class during Teaching and Learning Process
Authors: Rindu Ignatius , Ariyanti Ariyanti
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this research is to investigate teacher’s roles which used by the English teacher in managing the class during the teaching and learning process at SMP Advent Samarinda. The research methodology used is descriptive design with qualitative approach which is aimed to describe the real situation in the field. In collecting the data, the researcher used questionnaires, observation sheet, field note and interview guide as the instruments. Moreover, the research subject is an English teacher who teaches at seventh and eighth grades of SMP Advent Samarinda. The result of the research is the teacher runs nine roles in they are as a controller, an assessor, an organizer/manager, a prompter/motivator, participant, a resource/informer, a facilitator, a demonstrator, and as a guide. There are roles which are preeminent which most applied by the teacher such as teacher as a controller and teacher as an assessor. It is shown by the result of students’ respond in the questionnaire, restrictive questions; 77% and 68% and free answer; 68% and 100%, which also found in the time the researcher did the observation. On the contrary, the teacher’s roles as a prompter and as a resource have not been played maximally by the teacher.
The Effects of Implementing Workshop on Radio Broadcasting Class Towards Students Speaking Ability
Authors: Wahyuni Nini
Published: April 2017

This research discuss about The Effects of Implementing Workshop on Radio Broadcasting Class Towards Students Speaking Ability.The purposes are to know whether there is improvement in student speaking ability while conducting Workshop on Radio Broadcasting. The participants of this research are English Department students of State Polytechnic of Padang who attend Workshop on Broadcasting course in academic period 2015-2016 . The data are collected through class observation, assessment, and questionnaire. The observation data shows that the students’ articulation, intonation, and expression in delivering the radio program are become better because they trained to speak clearly and in various way. Meanwhile, the questionnaire data shows that there were 60% students agree that w|Workshop on Radio Broadcasting class is important to improve their speaking ability, 68% students agree that they can improve their grammar, 72% students agree that they can improve their vocabulary, 56% students agree that they can express their idea, and their articulation and speaking speed become better, 72% students agree that they can speak more fluent and their accuracy and 60% students agree that by practicing as a radio announcer, news reader and reporter, their self confident is improve. The average score for the students’ accent was 2,96, means that they have “Foreign accent” requires concentrated listening, and mispronunciations lead to occasional misunderstanding  and apparent errors in grammar or vocabulary. The average score for grammar was 3,08, means that students have frequent errors showing some major pattern uncontrolled and causing occasional irritation and misunderstanding. For vocabulary, the average score was 3,04, means that their choice  of words sometimes in accurate, limitations of vocabulary prevent discussion of some common professional and social topics. For Fluency, the average score was 3,00, means that the speech is frequently hesitant and jerky; sentences may be left uncompleted. Finally, for comprehension, the average score was 3,16, means that they understand careful, somewhat simplified speech when engaged in dialogue, but may require considerable repetition and rephrasing. Even though the improvement on students speaking ability were not significant, it can be concluded that Workshop on Radio Broadcasting class give positive effect in increasing students speaking ability
The Unbalanced Equation: Technical Opportunities and Social Barriers in the NAE Grand Challenges and Beyond
Authors: Nieusma Dean , Tang Xiaofeng
Published: April 2017

The US National Academy of Engineering’s 2008 report, Grand Challenges for Engineering, puts forward a provocative vision of future civilization and engineering’s role in it. Notably, the report signals a trend in engineering toward more explicit and direct engagement with enduring, complex social problems, offering intriguing opportunities for exploring the relationship between engineering and questions of social justice. This paper makes one such exploration by analyzing the report’s explicit framings of engineering-for-social-problem-solving and the implicit assumptions underlying such framings. It shows how the report frames the non-technical factors as external to—and often barriers for—engineering. In contrast, technical challenges, even immense ones, are framed as wholly within engineering’s dominion and as opportunities for both engineering and human civilization as a whole. The paper argues that Grand Challenges signals contemporary tensions in the profession as it seeks an expansive domain of influence and relevance while at the same time narrowly circumscribing what engineers should be accountable for knowing and doing.
Paul Polak's Out of Poverty: What Works When Traditional Approaches Fail
Authors: O’Shea Julian
Published: April 2017

This essay reviews Paul Polak’s 2009 book on poverty reduction, Out of Poverty.
What can engineers learn from the past? A potential role for history in engineering education.
Authors: Gaynor Andrea , Crebbin Greg
Published: April 2017

At present, in many societies, engineers play a significant role in solving problems of energy, transport, accommodation and production; but similar problems have been solved through technical and non-technical means for thousands of years. Numerous historical examples therefore exist, in which the ends of different approaches to problem-solving are apparent: some tending to produce socially and/or ecologically sustainable outcomes, and some less positive. Historians do not simply narrate the past, they explain and interpret changes and continuities by paying attention to larger issues of, for example, class, gender, polity and economy. Such historical narratives, we argue, may have a useful role to play in efforts to shift the perspective of engineering students away from a narrow focus on complex technical solutions, towards the broader context in which their problem-solving will take place. This ability to assess the relationships between engineering problem-solving and the broader social and environmental context is critical to the development of a more sustainable and socially-just engineering practice.
Gilbert Simondon: Being and Technology
Authors: Reader John
Published: April 2017

How does one contribute to a process of transformation towards great social justice and what are the barriers that stand in the way? Some of the ideas presented in the book Gilbert Simondon: Being and Technology help us to address two issues vital to the above: first, that of why it is that humans are sometimes so loathe to oppose the forces and factors that prevent them striving for greater social justice, and second, how one can envision alternative forms of leadership—ones that rest less upon the power or influence of specific individuals, but do take into account human (and non-human) interdependencies. The publication of this text is a step in the direction of making Simondon’s work more readily available, and helps us to see how a different understanding of how human individuality is formed offers new insights into both these issues.
Various patterns of retaining trees in indigenous agroforestry practices in the mid-hills of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Rabindra K.
Published: April 2017

Abstract available on the PDFBanko Janakari Vol.12(1) 2002: 35-41
Managing tropical Sal forests (Shorea robusta) in Nepal in short rotations: findings of a 12-year long research
Authors: Acharya K.P. , Tamrakar P.R. , Gautam G. , Regmi R. , Adhikari A. , Acharya B.
Published: April 2017

Abstract available on the PDFBanko Janakari Vol.12(1) 2002: 71-75
An overview of Elephant Breeding Centre at Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Authors: Gopali Babu Ram Yadav
Published: April 2017

Abstract on the PDFBanko Janakari Vol.13(2) 2003: 25-33
Biomass estimation of Bambusa nutans subspecies nutans grown in eastern Terai, Nepal
Authors: Oli B.N.
Published: April 2017

Abstract on the PDFBanko Janakari Vol.13(2) 2003: 42-45