bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P: 70 Quality of Life Assessment May Aid in the Diagnosis of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy and Prediction of Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Munk Lauridsen Mette , Vilstrup Hendrik , Schaffalitzky de Muckadell Ove B. , Heuman Douglas M. , Bajaj Jasmohan S.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) impinges on quality of life (QoL), is associated with a high risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) and is often treatable by simple means. Still, MHE is rarely systematically diagnosed and treated likely because dedicated psychometric tests give the impression of being resource heavy and thus scare off many clinicians. Simple, patient-administered QoL questionnaires e.g. sickness impact profile (SIP), could improve diagnostic rates. This approach was tested in a US-based study introducing SIPCHE score (formula of 4 SIP statements, gender and age). We here aim at externally validate SIPCHE score in a cirrhotic cohort using continuous reaction time (CRT) test and portosystemic hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) for MHE diagnosis.

METHODS:

110 cirrhotic patients without OHE (age 60 years, MELD 11.4, 80% blue-collar) completed cognitive testing and SIP. Abnormal CRT and/or PHES diagnosed MHE. SIP consists of 136 questions inquiring about QoL and standardized QoL scores were compared in MHE and non-MHE patients. The SIPCHE (US cut point >0) was applied and predictive values were calculated. We followed the patients for 2.7 years on average and registered OHE episodes.

RESULTS:

The SIPCHE was abnormal in 82/110 patients and was in agreement with the psychometric tests in 73/110 cases (66%). The SIPCHE indicated MHE in 58/71 of the patients with MHE according to 2-test psychometry (positive predictive value = 71%, sensitivity = 82%, AUUROC 0.63). The SIPCHE was false positive in 24/39 non-MHE patients (specificity 38%, NPV 53%). A normal SIPCHE did not exclude MHE in our population as 13/28 (46%) with a normal SIPCHE score had MHE according to the CRT and PSE tests. In our cohort using a cut point of >−0.40, in stead of >0, sligthly improved correct classification to 72% of patients. Only 4/28 (14%) with a normal baseline SIPCHE experienced OHE, while 29/82 (35%) with abnormal SIPCHE experienced OHE (P = 0.05). Accordingly, the SIPCHE positive predictive value for a future HE episode is this 87% (likelihood ratio 2.4).

CONCLUSIONS:

In conclusion, the idea of a patient-reported outcome score as an addition to standard psychometry is appealing. The US derived SIPCHE score is able to identify the majority of patients with MHE and future OHE episodes, but lacks diagnostic specificity. We suggest that development of regional SIPCHE scores could be useful. In future studies using the SIPCHE as a measure of patients-experienced effect of MHE treatment would be of interest.
P: 77 The Contribution of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Choroid Plexus to the Pathology of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Jayakumar Arumugam R.
Published: September 2019

Cerebral edema and associated increase in intracranial pressure, along with brain herniation are the major complications found in patients with acute liver failure (Type A HE or acute hepatic encephalopathy, AHE) which represents the most frequent cause of death in these patients. The preponderance of experimental evidence favors a cytotoxic mechanism, and the only cell in brain that undergoes such swelling are astrocytes. While there is no evidence of blood-brain barrier break-down in patients or in experimental animals with AHE, it is unclear how a sustained astrocyte swelling (cytotoxic brain edema) occurring in AHE, ultimately results in increased intracranial pressure, brain herniation and subsequent coma and death in these patients. A major brain component that may be involved in the edema development is the choroid plexus, since epithelial cells of the choroid plexus produce cerebrospinal fluid. Under CNS pathological conditions, the barrier function of blood-CSF barrier is altered, along with changes in the ependyma, leading to a seepage of fluid out of the ventricular system, ultimately resulting in brain edema, along with the entry of inflammatory cells into the brain parenchyma. In preliminary studies, we found activated mast cells in the choroid plexus of the liver toxin thioacetamide (TAA)-treated rats, and such activation significantly increased cytokine production, histamine release and decreased levels of growth factors including platelet derived growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, fibroblast growth factor. We also found increased levels of the water channel proteins aquaporin 1 and 4 (AQP-1/AQP-4) in TAA-treated rat brain choroid plexus, and increased brain edema, while inhibition of mast cell activation diminished both AQP levels, as well as brain edema development. These findings strongly suggest that acute liver failure stimulates the activation of choroid plexus mast cells and the subsequent inflammation and AQP1/4 expression, which ultimately contributes to the sustained cytotoxic brain edema found in AHE. We anticipate that studies aimed at a better understanding of the role of choroid plexus inflammatory events in the development of brain edema associated with AHE, will greatly facilitate the identification of agents capable of ameliorating this debilitating condition.
P: 80 Optimizing the Performance of the Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) for the Diagnosis of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Jackson Clive D. , Marks Michael , Morgan Marsha Y.
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:

PHES is the most established test for the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The availability of normative data to adjust for potential confounding variable is a necessity. However, there are other variables which may confound the performance of the PHES test and might result in the misclassification of patients, including: (i) the confounding variables used for test correction; (ii) possible interactions between the corrections variables; (ii) the scoring of the line tracing test (LTT) and (iii) the final summation of the component scores. The aim of this study was to produce a series of models to determine the influence of these variables on the performance of the PHES test.

METHODS:

PHES testing was undertaken in 524 permanent UK residents aged > 18 years, who spoke good English, and were generally healthy. A UK PHES model was constructed as follows: (i) a reciprocal model for the LTT time/error relationship was devised; (ii) univariate/multivariate analyses identified significant correction factors for the individual test scores, without applying interaction terms; and (iii) each corrected test score was transformed to a Z-Score and then summed. The final PHES score was expressed as a Z-Score; values below −2.0 were considered abnormal. The effects of changing the basic PHES model by adding in interaction terms, changing the LTT scoring system and the final summation method were examined by applying the models to PHES data collected in 226 patients with cirrhosis.

RESULTS:

Seventy-six (33.6%) of the 226 patients had abnormal UK PHES scores. Variation in the scoring of the LTT test (German, Spanish and Italian versions) resulted in a minor reduction in the number of abnormal results (73 [32%]). Add-in and subtraction models for the independent correction factors - age, sex, ethnicity, alcohol consumption, years/place of education -were associated with changes of −11% to +9.8% and +2.4 to −8.8% respectively, in the proportion of abnormal result; ethnicity and age had the greatest effects. Adding interaction terms for the correction factors marginally increased the number of abnormal results to 84 (37.2%). Changing the final score summation from Z-scores to integerized scores significantly increased the number of abnormal tests to 100 (44.2%) P = 0.026.

CONCLUSIONS:

The major factor affecting the proportion of abnormal PHES results is the method used for final summation of the scores. Integerization of the scores does not allow for the exact application of thresholds and its use should perhaps be reconsidered.
Case report of Sagliker syndrome in a young patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism and chronic renal failure
Authors: Grebennikova Tatiana A. , Gronskaia Sofya A. , Zenkova Tatiana S. , Belaya Zhanna E.
Published: September 2019

Sagliker syndrome is a rare complication of renal osteodystrophy, characterized by severe skeletal and cranium deformities, neurologic and soft tissue abnormalities in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and untreated secondary hyperparathyroidism.
This article reports a 29-year-old female patient with end-stage CRF after 9 years of hemodialysis. She had severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, hyperplasia of three parathyroid glands and cranium and skeletal bone structure deformation. The first changes appeared after 4 years of therapy with peritoneal dialysis. They included uglifying face appearances, short stature, severe maxillary changes, chest deformity. During the examination we revealed severe tomographical and X-ray changes: maxillary and mandibular hyperplasia, temporomandibular articulation changes, affected cheekbones, sphenoid bone and bones of the cranial vault, fingertip changes, vertebral body compression.
Although surgical parathyroidectomy was effective at biochemical abnormalities, severe bone deformities were not regressed.
This case highlights the importance of clinicians’ attention for early monitoring and appropriate treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage CRF.
Joint and muscle involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Mokrysheva Natalia G. , Eremkina Anna K. , Mirnaya Svetlana S. , Volodicheva Victoria L. , Panevin Taras S. , Melnichenko Galina A.
Published: September 2019

In addition to the classical symptoms such as osteoporosis, renal stones and gastric ulcers primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) could be presented with “non-classical” manifestations, including muscle and joint pathology. Moreover, in some cases the articular and neuromuscular impairment might be the main signs of the disease. Despite the long research history the true prevalence of these PHPT complications remains unknown. Discrepancies in studies results may be due the non-specific and different symptoms that patients complain about, various study design, uncorrected comorbid conditions, the different PHPT populations, a wide methods variety in the assessment of neuromuscular and articular involvement. However, the underestimated muscle dysfunction and joint damage can lead to decreased quality of life and disability, primarily from fragility fractures. In the majority of the studies parathyroidectomy improved muscle strength, but there is no clear results for articular manifestations. Basic research and large randomized control trials are limited. The main goal of this review is to summarize currently available data on muscle and joint involvement in patients with PHPT.
Determinan Matriks FLScircr Bentuk Khusus n×n,n≥3 Menggunakan Metode Salihu
Authors: Rahma Ade Novia , Swandayani Kartika , Marzuki Corry Corazon
Published: September 2019

Determinan mempunyai peranan penting dalam menyelesaikan beberapa persoalan dalam matriks dan banyak dipergunakan dalam ilmu matematika maupun ilmu terapannya. Kondensasi Salihu merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan dalam menentukan determinan matriks yang memiliki ordo . Metode Kondensasi Salihu merupakan metode gabungan antara Kondensasi Dodgson dan Kondensasi Chio. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan determinan matriks  bentuk khusus dengan menggunakan metode Kondensasi Salihu. Dalam menentukan determinan matriks  bentuk khusus terdapat beberapa langkah yang dikerjakan. Pertama diperhatikan pola detrminan matriks   bentuk khusus berode  sampai . Kedua pembuktian bentuk umum determinan menggunakan metode induksi matematika. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah didapatkannya bentuk umum dari matriks   bentuk khusus. Aplikasi juga dibahas didalam bentuk contoh.

[Determinants have an important role in solving several problems in the matrics and are widely used in mathematics and applied sciences. Salihu condensation is one method that can be used to determine the determinant of a matrics that has an order  The Salihu Condensation Method is a combined method between Dodgson Condensation and Chio Condensation. This study aims to determine the determinant of a specially   matrics form using the Salihu Condensation method. In determining the determinant of a specially matrics there are several steps taken. First, attention the determinant pattern of a specially matrics in orde of 3×3 to 10×10. Second, prove of the general form of determinant using the mathematical induction method. The result obtained is the determination of the general determinant from of a specially matrics.]
The Impacts of Ecosystem Hypertrophication and Climate Changes on Thrive of the Jellyfish in Shatt Al-Basrah Canal
Authors: Mahmood Ali Bassal , Al-Shawi Imad J. M. , Al-Sayab Hazem A. , Jasib Sejad K. , Abdulnabi Zuhair A. , Muhsen Nadia K. , Alewi Yosra J.
Published: September 2019

The present study (i.e. the first study in Iraqi waters) identified the causes of reproduction and excessive growth of the jellyfish, which locally known as thagolol, of the type (Catostylus perezi) in the region of Shatt Al-Basrah canal - west of Basrah city. The reproduction and excessive growth of jellyfish occurs in many estuaries and coastal areas in the world, which is a recurring global problem in the context of climate change. The conducted study was included measurements of dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, pH, temperature, nitrates, phosphate, quality and quantity of phytoplankton during the dominant of :the northwest winds; the neap tide and during a full tidal periods in October of 2018 and March of 2019. The results showed that there were thrive of jellyfish by huge numbers in Shatt Al-Basrah canal. The physical; chemical and biological causes (i.e., the local causes), were identified, namely: (1) salinity, (2) water column temperature stratification in the context of climate change, (3) an excessive increase in the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate, (4) abundance of phytoplankton (i.e. dinoflagellate), including Protoperidinium sp. and Alexandrium sp.; and (5) overfishing. Hence, the absence of any of these factors will lead to the absence of this type of jellyfish.
Epiphyte Identification on Kappaphycus alvarezii Seaweed Farming Area in Arungkeke Waters, Jeneponto and The Effect on Carrageenan Quality
Authors: Mulyaningrum Sri Redjeki Hesti , Suwoyo Hidayat Suryanto , Paena Mudian , Tampangallo Bunga Rante
Published: September 2019

Kappaphycus alvarezii which is widely cultivated at sea is susceptible to other algae that drift away and attach as epiphyte. This study aims to identify epiphyte on seaweed farming K. alvarezii and its effect on carrageenan quality. The study was conducted on K. alvarezii seaweed farming area in Jeneponto, South Sulawesi. Sample of epiphyte was obtained from four stations. Epiphyte was identified in laboratory based on its morphological characteristics and calculated its density. Carrageenan yield and gel strength of healthy seaweed and those infected one were analyzed in laboratory in triplicates for each sample. Data were statistically analyzed using independent samples t-test analysis. Present study showed that there were 6 epiphytes species on the seaweed farming area, namely: Entheromorpha intestinalis, Ceramium sp., Neosiphonia apiculata, Chaetomorpha crassa, Hypnea sp., and Gracilaria sp. The average of epiphytic density in cultivation area was (24.26±9.64)%. Healthy seaweed and infected one had significantly different carrageenan yield and gel strength (P<0.05). Healthy seaweed had higher carrageenan yield (48.17±1.62)% and gel strength (1130.76±8.42) g cm-² than infected seaweed which had carrageenan yield (42.47±0.23)% and gel strength (958.22±10.85) g cm-².
Changing the taste of apples by eurythmic treatments
Authors: Grundmann Eckart , Baumgartner Tanja
Published: September 2019

Eurythmy is a performing art based on anthroposophy which tries to make non-visible forces visible by human movements. According to the concept of anthroposophy a eurythmist is capable to come into an exchange with the life forces of organisms through his movements. In a field experiment – executed by the Institute ArteNova in cooperation with an apple farmer – a eurythmist treated trees of two apple varieties with a sequence of eurythmic gestures to observe the impact on the fruit quality. The apples showed no differences in the laboratory test of sugar content and firmness. In the sensory test, significant differences could be found in several parameters like freshness, crunchiness or the total judgement. The results present a basic effect of human movements on the taste of plants. Furthermore, it was possible to find appropriate movements for pre-determined aims. Eurythmic movements could be seen as a possible method for agricultural systems which refuse pesticides and other synthetic substances. Follow-up experiments with different varieties, fruits, and places should verify the effects.
Evaluation of texture in Serra da Estrela cheese manufactured in different dairies
Authors: Guiné Raquel P. F. , Fontes Luísa , Lima Maria João
Published: September 2019

Serra da Estrela cheese is a traditional product from artisanal manufacture using raw ewe’s milk coagulated with dried, wild thistle flower. The present study aimed to investigate the variation of textural properties in Serra da Estrela cheeses manufactured in different dairies through time, namely from April to June, following the end of the cheese making season. Three types of tests were conducted: compression, puncture and spreadability. These were carried out on samples coming from six different dairies situated in the PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) region of this type of cheese.

The results obtained showed some non-negligible differences for some textural properties between the top and bottom sides of the cheeses evaluated, as well as between cheeses from different dairies. Nevertheless, the properties of springiness, resilience, cohesiveness and adhesiveness (all from the compression test), were not significantly different in the samples analysed. In what concerns the variations along the milking season, it was possible to conclude that three of the considered dairies produced cheeses with a more constant textural profile in the period comprised between April and June. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that the correlations between the textural properties were strong for some interactions between properties form the same test and/or from similar nature.
Determinant of binary circulant matrices
Authors: Hariprasad M.
Published: September 2019

This article gives a closed-form expression for the determinant of binary circulant matrices.
An update on the management of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Lamartina Livia , Leboulleux Sophie , Terroir Marie , Hartl Dana , Schlumberger Martin
Published: September 2019

Low-risk papillary cancers, which represent the vast majority of thyroid cancers diagnosed today, do not require aggressive treatment or follow-up. Initial treatment consists of a total thyroidectomy without prophylactic lymph node dissection. A hemithyroidectomy is an alternative in some patients with an intrathyroidal tumor and with a normal contralateral lobe at pre-operative neck ultrasonography. The use of post-operative radioiodine should be restricted to selected patients. Follow-up at 6–18 months is based on serum thyroglobulin (Tg), Tg-antibody determination and neck ultrasonography. In the absence of any abnormality (excellent response to treatment), the risk of recurrence is extremely low and follow-up may consist of serum TSH monitoring that is maintained in the normal range, and a Tg and Tg-antibody titer determination every year. There is no need for referral to a specialized center. In patients with detectable serum Tg or detectable Tg antibodies, the trend over time of these markers on levothyroxine treatment will dictate subsequent follow-up: a decreasing trend is reassuring, but an increasing trend should lead to imaging, starting with neck ultrasonography.
Clinical Experience of Aortic Valve Surgery in Patients With Aortitis Disease
Authors: Xue Yunxing , Pan Jun , Zhou Qing , Wang Qiang , Cao Hailong , Fan Fudong , Wang Dongjin
Published: September 2019

Objective: To investigate single center’s clinical experiences of aortic valve surgery for aortitis patients.
Methods: From January 2010 to December 2018, 15 patients with aortitis disease were treated in our center. Among them, there were 7 males and 8 females with an average age of 48.5 ± 13.9 (29-76) years. Six patients were diagnosed as giant cell arteritis, 2 as Takayasu arteritis (Arteritis Group, N = 8) and 7 as Behcet's disease (BD Group, N = 7). Aortic valve surgery includes valvuloplasty, valve replacement, and root replacement (Bentall procedure).
Results: There were 15 cases with 19 operations, 8 cases in the Arteritis Group received 8 operations while 7 cases in the BD Group received 11 operations, including 4 redo operations. Preoperative patients’ aortic valve regurgitation degree, diameter of ascending aorta and left ventricular ejection fraction were similar between the two groups. The type of aortic valve surgery also was no different. Cardiopulmonary bypass time of the BD Group seemed longer than the Arteritis Group but no different, the same as clamp time. Mechanical ventilation time is longer in the BD Group. The morbidity and mortality were similar, but the BD Group had significantly higher incidence of redo operations because of postoperative paravalvular leak or valve insufficiency (Arteritis Group versus BD Group, 0% versus 57.1%, P = .026).
Conclusions: Clinical diagnosis and management of aortic valve patients with arteritis require comprehensive considerations. For aortitis patients with aortic valve surgery, special surgical techniques can be used to reduce the risk of prosthetic valve detachment.
Novel Approach of Antithrombotic Potency Amongst Patients Admitted to Hospital with Bleeding Using HEMORR2HAGES Score: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Alshibani Mohannad
Published: September 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a relationship exists between baseline HEMORR2HAGES score and antithrombotic potency amongst patients presenting with bleeding complication. We hypothesized that the more antithrombotic regimen potency, the less HEMORR2HAGES score you have.
Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of patients admitted with a diagnosis of active bleeding between November 1, 2013 and August 31, 2015. The antithrombotic groups included patients on the following regimens: single antiplatelet therapy (SAP), single oral anticoagulant therapy (SOAC), dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), dual combination (SOAC+SAP), and triple antithrombotic therapy. The primary outcome was to review the mean HEMORR2HAGES score among the various groups.
Results: There were a total of 180 patients in the study. No significant difference was noted among the five groups in the HEMORR2HAGES score (P = .36). The highest HEMORR2HAGES score was in the SAP group (3.23 ± 1.1). The lowest HEMORR2HAGES score was in the DAPT group (2.59 ± 1.2). In the Sub Group analysis, we compared single versus dual versus triple therapy, and we found the lowest HEMORR2HAGES score in the triple therapy group (2.70 ± 1.6); (P = .29).
Conclusions: Among patients admitted with active bleeding, the HEMORR2HAGES score did not differentiate antithrombotic potency amongst groups with various regimens. This study highlights the necessity to evaluate antithrombotic therapy according to benefits and harms.
Psicologia, palhaçaria e psicodrama: construção coletiva de aprendizados e intervenções
Authors: Bruhn Marília Meneghetti , Boscolo Kim Ouakil , Barboza Rita Pereira , Cruz Lilian Rodrigues
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo compartilhar a experiência do Grupo de Estudos e Práticas em Psicologia, Palhaçaria e Psicodrama (GEP), destacando-se as potencialidades de se trabalhar com metodologias ativas de aprendizagem na aproximação entre Psicodrama e Palhaçaria. O GEP – coordenado por psicólogas com formação em Psicodrama e Palhaçaria – visa pensar intervenções criativas que promovam a saúde e a expressão de questões sociais. Cada encontro mensal e aberto é construído junto aos participantes, estimulando seu protagonismo na construção coletiva e transdisciplinar dos conhecimentos.
Metodologias ativas nas demandas educacionais contemporâneas: uma discussão à luz dos processos constituintes da singularidade humana em Edith Stein
Authors: Bido Luiz Claudio
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir como o uso de metodologias ativas pode se constituir uma resposta às demandas contemporâneas da educação e do conhecimento. Apresenta casos em que a metodologia ativa foi aplicada em alunos universitários, comenta os resultados e os analisa sob o ponto de vista do desenvolvimento de habilidades socioemocionais. Discute o tema e as experiências apresentadas, utilizando a filosofia de Edith Stein, procurando relacionar o desenvolvimento de habilidades socioemocionais e a educação por valores com a busca de humanização dos processos de aprendizagem. Os resultados apontam que o uso de metodologias ativas numa perspectiva de desenvolvimento socioemocional pode contribuir para a constituição da singularidade, aspecto fundamental, segundo Edith Stein, da estrutura da pessoa humana.
Educação, mídia e internet: desafios e possibilidades a partir do conceito de letramento digital
Authors: Camargo Ricardo Zagallo , Lima Manolita Correia , Torini Danilo Martins
Published: September 2019

A forte presença da comunicação digital no cotidiano das escolas demanda uma educação que ocupe o lugar de crítica e mediação diante dos discursos em circulação. Alinhados com essa percepção e embasados pela literatura e pelas pesquisas recentes, discutiremos o conceito de letramento digital (digital literacy), que envolve o desenvolvimento de competências para o uso crítico e informado dos meios digitais, em especial, no contexto das metodologias ativas de aprendizagem. As considerações finais apontam para os desafios encontrados com o objetivo de se estabelecer um diálogo virtuoso entre Educação e Comunicação e sugerem como possíveis caminhos o uso das TICs que enfatize seu caráter comunicacional, assim como o diálogo com os conceitos morenianos de espontaneidade e criatividade.
Pesquisa qualitativa e subjetividade: os processos de construção da informação
Authors: Peres Vannúzia Leal A.
Published: September 2019

Fernando Luis González Rey (1949-2019) desenvolve a Teoria Cultural-Histórica da Subjetividade, põe em foco o sujeito que se posiciona em relação à vida enfrentando inúmeros desafios, entre eles, a resistência e a oposição daqueles que não compreenderam essa teoria e seu valor para as Ciências Humanas e Sociais.

Cubano, veio para o Brasil em 1995, onde trabalhou incansavelmente, até o fim da vida, no estudo da subjetividade, tornando evidente seu compromisso ético e moral com a produção do conhecimento sobre o desenvolvimento do indivíduo e da sociedade, principalmente pela construção de um modelo de pesquisa qualitativa que envolve o pesquisador em processos de reflexão epistemológica e teórica, e não na simples coleta empírica de dados.
Análisis regional de la esperanza de vida al nacer en México, por medio del método de regresión
Authors: Picazzo-Palencia Esteban , Flores Segovia Miguel , De la Cruz-Maldonado María Elena
Published: September 2019

Objetivo Estimar y analizar para el período 1990 al 2010 los patrones regionales de la esperanza de vida al nacer en México por medio del método de regresión lineal.Materiales y Métodos Se utiliza la regresión lineal para obtener la esperanza de vida a nivel estatal y éste considera variables como la tasa bruta o cruda de mortalidad y la población mayor a 65 años. Esto permite conocer el nivel de convergencia entre los estados.Resultados Existe un patrón de convergencia que sugiere que las diferencias de los niveles de esperanza de vida se han reducido entre los estados durante el período de estudio, esta tendencia se presenta también a nivel regional.Discusión Se puede mencionar que este análisis puede ser útil en la evaluación de las políticas de salud pública de México que se han centrado en la disminución de las desigualdades en salud entre las poblaciones más pobres y vulnerables. Asimismo, este tipo de método permite tener un método alternativo para conocer las condiciones de acceso a los servicios de salud y conocer las expectativas de vida de la población.
Calidad de vida laboral de los odontólogos en Antioquia 2011-2012
Authors: Lopez-Camacho Rosa Virginia , Sierra-Lopera Jorge Luis , Díaz Silvia Paulina , Agudelo-Garcia Hector Bayron
Published: September 2019

Objetivo Analizar la Calidad de Vida Laboral (CVL) de los odontólogos en Antioquia, Colombia, a partir de componentes objetivos y subjetivos.Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo probabilístico con 323 odontólogos. Los datos fueron procesados en SPSS 17.0 y Epidat 3.1.Resultados Se encontraron tendencias significativas (p<0,05) en la disminución de los profesionales de sexo masculino, con casa propia y postgrado. Son cada vez menos los profesionales con ingresos mensuales superiores a cinco Salarios Mínimos Legales Vigentes (5 SMLV), que cuentan con medidas privadas de salud y que gozan de más de 15 días de vacaciones; aumentaron los odontólogos que asumían totalmente los costos de seguridad social, los que se desplazaban a otros municipios a ejercer su profesión (p<0,05). Las condiciones de trabajo y la distancia de los sueños-realidad presentan diferencias significativas en los períodos estudiados.Discusión Los hallazgos ratifican la incidencia que tuvieron las reformas en salud y educación en la profesión odontológica, revelando una problemática de oferta/demanda que agudiza el deterioro de las condiciones de trabajo y que han llevado al profesional a un acondicionamiento laboral lejano al ejercicio de la profesión que había soñado.Conclusión La CVL de los odontólogos en Antioquia se ha venido deteriorando en un entorno laboral complejo y en crisis; paralelo a esta situación, el profesional no busca asociarse para enfrentar y transformar esta realidad.
Repercusiones de la prevalência del síndrome metabólico en adultos y ancianos en el contexto de la atención primaria a la salud
Authors: Silva Júnior Antônio Do Carmo , Cruz Diego Pires , De Souza Junior Edison Vitório , Rosa Randson Souza , Moreira Ramon Missias , Cardoso Isleide Santana
Published: September 2019

Objetivo Analisar a prevalência de Síndrome Metabólica entre os usuários do programa hipertensão e diabetes de um Centro de Saúde da cidade de Jequié, Bahia, Brasil.Métodos Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal, realizado na cidade de Jequié Bahia. Os participantes da pesquisa foram usuários do programa HIPERDIA do Centro de Saúde inserida na atenção primária.Resultados A prevalência de Síndrome Metabólica nesses usuários foi de 43%. Quanto ao gênero, a prevalência foi de 35% entre homens e 47% em mulheres, considerando que em 23% dos prontuários não havia dados suficientes para a classificação.Conclusão Evidenciou-se que a síndrome metabólica atinge proporcionalmente mais as mulheres do que os homens, ao passo que em relação à idade foi verificado maior prevalência da doença em indivíduos maiores de 60 anos.
Salud intercultural en Chile: Desarrollo histórico y desafíos actuales
Authors: Manríquez-Hizaut Mónica Natalia , Lagos-Fernández Cristian , Rebolledo-Sanhuesa Jame , Figueroa-Huencho Verónica
Published: September 2019

En 1992, Chile implementó por primera vez un programa de salud para los pueblos indígenas, el Programa de Salud para Población Mapuche (Promap), cuyo objetivo fue entregar una atención de salud con pertinencia cultural, favoreciendo la complementariedad entre los sistemas médico indígena y el sistema oficial. La versión actual de esa iniciativa - el Programa especial de Salud para Pueblos Indígenas (PESPI) - ha logrado llegar con este enfoque a casi la totalidad de los Servicios de Salud del país. La revisión que el mundo académico ha hecho de estas experiencias, basados en la salud pública o en la antropología médica, se ha centrado en el análisis de las iniciativas llevadas en contextos indígenas rurales, desde el punto de vista de las dificultades que han debido enfrentar y las nociones de interculturalidad en salud que han logrado consolidar. Sin embargo, poco se ha abordado este programa en los contextos urbanos (espacio en que mayoritariamente están ocupando hoy nuestros pueblos indígenas) o desde el punto de vista de las nociones de interculturalidad en salud que implican. Considerando lo anterior, el artículo ofrece una revisión temática de publicaciones científicas nacionales e internacionales acerca del tema, un análisis crítico de los programas de salud intercultural desarrollados en Chile y una reflexión acerca de sus desafíos en el marco de la dinámica indígena urbana.
Asociación entre resultados de pruebas para tamizar VIH y el sexo. Esmeraldas, Ecuador. 2016
Authors: Torres-Rodriguez Ariel A. , Fors-López Martha M.
Published: September 2019

Objetivo Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal retrospectivo, análisis de fuentes secundarias con el objetivo de determinar si existía dependencia entre el sexo y los resultados en las pruebas de tamizaje para VIH/Sida, en el distrito 08D01, ciudad de Esmeraldas en el período comprendido de enero a diciembre de 2016.Métodos Se estudió el 100% de las personas que fueron tamizadas para VIH/Sida por lo que no fue necesario el cálculo de muestra. Se utilizaron frecuencias absolutas y porcentaje, y estadígrafos distribuidos Chi cuadrado para determinar dependencia entre dos variables cualitativas.Conclusiones Se concluyó la existencia de una prevalencia de hombres más elevada que en mujeres, la razón fue de una mujer infectada de VIH/Sida por cada 1,2 hombres. Se realizaron más pruebas en mujeres (95%) que en hombres.
Caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica de idosas com câncer do colo do útero
Authors: Medeiros-Verzaro Pabline , De Lima Sardinha Ana Hélia
Published: September 2019

Objetivo Caracterizar aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos de idosas com câncer do colo do útero no Maranhão, Brasil.Método Estudo retrospectivo, descritivo de base secundária.Resultados 553 idosas com câncer do colo do útero no período de 2009 a 2013, cadastrados no registro de base hospitalar de câncer. Apresentavam média de idade 69,91 anos, com predomínio de mulheres de cor parda 46%, ensino fundamental incompleto com 42%, estado civil casadas 45,4%, e nunca terem tido hábitos etilista e tabagista com 58,3% e 39,4%. O carcinoma de células escamosas foi o mais frequente 80,5%, com estadiamento tardio 3B 29,0%. Ao final do primeiro tratamento, 43,6% encontravam-se sem evidência de doença ou em remissão completa.Conclusão Os resultados apontam necessidade de buscar melhorar as campanhas para a faixa etária estudada. Melhorando a cobertura por meio de campanhas de estímulo à realização do exame citopatológico, e estimulem os profissionais da área da saúde a identificar as mulheres em atraso na realização desse exame, quando do seu comparecimento aos serviços de saúde, evitando, assim, a perda de oportunidades de prevenção.
Indicador compuesto en salud: riesgo de transmisión del virus de la rabia
Authors: Tolosa-Quintero Narciso J. , Loboa-Rodríguez Nelly J. , Gutierrez-Lesmes Oscar A. , Góngora-Orjuela Agustín
Published: September 2019

Objetivo Diseñar un indicador compuesto en salud sobre el riesgo de transmisión del virus de la rabia, en el departamento del Meta.Materiales y Métodos Estudio ecológico, exploratorio. Se tomaron los datos de fuentes secundarias procedentes de las bases de datos de la secretaría de salud departamental del Meta e Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario de los años 2009 a 2014. El indicador compuesto en salud, se creó a partir de la normalización (logX) de los datos y selección de las medidas para la elaboración de tres índices temáticos en los 29 municipios del departamento, los cuales fueron integrados mediante la metodología de agregación y cuya distribución se reflejó en un mapeo geográfico con la zonificación del riesgo de transmisión del virus de la rabia a nivel departamental.Resultados En la clasificación del indicador compuesto en salud sobre el riesgo de transmisión de la rabia, el nivel alto corresponde al 34% de los municipios del departamento; en el nivel medio se ubica el 17% y en el nivel bajo el 28%. Los municipios sin riesgo son La Macarena, Mapiripán, Vistahermosa, Villavicencio, Puerto Concordia, Granada y Puerto Rico, representando el 21%.Conclusión El nivel alto del indicador compuesto en salud sobre el riesgo de transmisión del virus de la rabia, se ubica en municipios de la subregión del Río Meta, subregión cordillera y subregión del alto Ariari; caracterizados por altas concentraciones de animales, disminución de la cobertura de vacunación antirrábica y la confirmación circulante del virus.s.
Variability of the total oil content and fatty acid profile of creole avocados from Nuevo Leon, Mexico
Authors: Acosta-Díaz Efraín , Álvarez-Ojeda María Genoveva , Guzmán-Maldonado Salvador Horacio , Almeyda-León Isidro Humberto
Published: September 2019

Introduction. The State of Nuevo Leon is considered the depositary of a wide genetic diversity of creole avocados (Persea americana var drimyfolia). Objective. The aim of this work was to determine the variability of the total oil content and the fatty acids profile in creole avocados from Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Materials and methods. During the spring and summer of 2016, 36 varieties of creole avocados were collected in the northern and southern region of the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico for chemical characterization. The commercial variety “Hass” was included as a control. To determine the variability that exists in the content of total oils and fatty acids in the collected materials, analyzes of the main components and conglomerates were carried out. Results. Six fatty acids were detected in the total oil of the creole avocados: palmitic, stearic, oleic, palmitoleic, linoleic and linolenic. The outstanding varieties were “Platano temprano”, “Platano delgado”, “Huevo de toro”, “Cuerno”, “Pato”, and “Especial”, which presented an average of 17.28, 24.93 and 66.29 % more in the content of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids respectively, and an average of 28.12 % less stearic acid compared to the commercial variety “Hass”. According to the analysis of main components, materials with high oleic acid content usually have low palmitic and palmitoleic acid contents. The dendrogram presented six groups within the evaluated materials, most of the outstanding materials are located in groups one and four. Conclusion. High variability in the content of total oils and fatty acids was determined in creole avocados from Nuevo Leon. Therefore, they are considered promising for their incorporation into genetic improvement programs.
Evaluation of irrigation and pruning on the phenology and yield of Theobroma cacao L.
Authors: Meneses-Buitrago Diego Hernán , Bolaños-Benavides Martha Marina , Gómez-Gil Luis Fernando , Ramos-Zambrano Housseman Steven
Published: September 2019

Introduction. It is believed that only 0.5 % of the area planted worldwide with cocoa is irrigated. Water availability influences the rate of expansion of the tree canopy and thus light interception. Another extremely important factor is pruning, which influences the production of floral sprouts that will give rise to new fruits, influencing productivity. Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drip irrigation and pruning on the performance, phenology and phytosanitary behavior of cacao trees. Materials and methods. The study was developed between 2015 and 2016 in the Cauca department, Colombia. The six-year-old trees were subjected to two watering layers: L-100 % and L-0 % and two pruning levels: soft and strong. Total number of fruits, number of healthy and sick fruits, kg of wet and dry cocoa, fruit index and seed index, longitudinal and equatorial diameters and incidence of Moniliopthora roreri, Phytophthora palmivora and Monalonion dissimulatum were evaluated. The growth and development curves of the fruit throughout time were built. An experimental design of complete random blocks was used in an arrangement of divide plots. Results. Fruit index varied from 22 (T2) up to 33 fruits (T3), the seed index varied from 0.91 g (T4) to 1.14 g (T2). There were no other significant results for other variables. Conclusion. From a technical and economic point of view an optimal response to the interaction of irrigation with the two levels of pruning was observed because, with a timely application of watering and an adequate pruning management, crop performance can be increased, harvests can be programmed and better quality fruits can be obtained.
SUSTENTABILIDAD Y COMPETITIVIDAD UN RETO PARA LOS DESTINOS TURÍSTICOS DE SOL Y PLAYA. CASO: RINCÓN DE GUAYABITOS, NAYARIT, MEXICO
Authors: Fonseca Morales María Alicia , Puentes Ávila Ismael Fabricio
Published: September 2019

En México, desde la década de los setentas las zonas costeras han despertado la atracción de los desarrolladores del turismo y así implantar el modelo conocido como destinos turísticos de sol y playa, a ese tipo de emprendimientos se insertó al estado de Nayarit, iniciando por su región costa sur que incluye a Rincón de Guayabitos. Sin embargo, el uso masivo y el escaso cumplimiento de los ordenamientos ambientales que le caracteriza a dicho modelo, ha ejercido excesiva presión en esos importantes ecosistemas de transición marítimo-terrestre. Es necesario se reconozca que no todo son grandes volúmenes de visitantes y rentabilidad positiva, el reto está en la concepción de una sinergia sistémica por la sustentabilidad y competitividad de los destinos turísticos, que asegure la conservación de sus recursos base y al mismo tiempo sean productivamente innovadores en servicios de ocio y recreación a efecto de posicionarse entre los mejores estándares de calidad mundial.
COMPETITIVIDAD Y CALIDAD DE VIDA EN DESTINOS TURÍSTICOS DE MÉXICO
Authors: Sandoval Cabrera Pablo
Published: September 2019

El presente ensayo tiene como objetivo central encontrar evidencias empíricas que nos permitan constatar la relación existente entre competitividad de las ciudades y áreas urbanas, medida a través del índice que elabora el Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica; y la calidad de vida  de las personas, utilizando un conjunto de indicadores de bienestar (pobreza, desarrollo humano, empleo, educación, salud, ingresos, entre otros).

Para cumplir con tal propósito, se realiza un análisis correlacional y comparativo entre competitividad y algunos indicadores, así como entre indicadores de bienestar en una muestra amplia de municipios turísticos de México en una primera etapa y entre una muestra restringida de 5 municipios que ofrecen servicios de turismo de playa.

La hipótesis que se plantea es que existe una relación positiva entre competitividad del destino y calidad de vida. Si bien los resultados no son tan contundentes, pareciera haber evidencias de que validad la hipótesis. Sin embargo, queda en claro la necesidad de realizar estudios de mayor profundidad y amplitud para darle una mayor robustez empírica al estudio.
Utilization of Non Timber Forest Products by Duyoh Community, Bau District, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Toaiang Arlene Alicia , K Sayok Alexander
Published: September 2019

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) are natural resources collected from forests apart from timber. The use of NTFPs based on traditional knowledge is widely known among the natives in Borneo including Bidayuh community in Sarawak. An interview was undertaken with the villagers cum vendors at Duyoh Weekend Market along with a brief NTFPs survey at the nearby community forest (CF) recorded 76 NTFPs species belonging to 65 genera from 46 families used by this community.  Of these, 64 species or 84.21% were recorded in the nearby forest while 33 species or 43.42% at the village’s Weekend Market. Based on four major uses, more than 68.0% of them were edible or used in food preparation and 27.6% for medicinal purposes. Only 6 species (7.9%) were used for handicrafts, and was considered the least.  More than 17% were used for various other purposes including as ornamentals. Among the edible species, majority (54%) were fruits. Most (89.2%) of the edible species were also used for medicinal purposes. Most, if not all, households had collected the NTFPs from the forest, but only close to 20% of the village’s household actually sold these products at the village’s Weekend Market earning an average of RM400 to RM640 per month with higher income during fruiting season (October to December) which can reach RM200 per day.  Although majority grew the commonly used plants in their own land, substantial NTFPs (43.4%) sold were collected from the forest. Although this study is very short, at least it gave an idea that NTFPs are being used and its value to the community in terms of income. Thus suggest to have a longer-term study to cover all seasons/periods of the year to understand more on the products being sold and their values. More efforts in conserving the nearby forest is also warranted to ensure a continue supply of  NTFPs for sustainable supply for the present and future community use and to supplement their income.
O turismo religioso na sociedade líquido-moderna: apropriação da fé pelo trade turístico
Authors: De Souza Vitor Chaves , Do Nascimento Alan Faber
Published: September 2019

A despeito da irredutibilidade do sagrado, o turismo religioso, tal como o conhecemos hoje, ao invés de prestigiar o fenômeno sacro sui generis, preocupa-se imprescindivelmente com a manutenção da indústria turística per se. O objetivo do texto é demonstrar, sociológica e filosoficamente, a apropriação da fé pelo trade turístico na sociedade líquido-moderna. Para isso, a pesquisa parte da crítica, de fundo marxista, da sociedade de consumo e alcança os paradoxos do turismo, bem como a busca existencial por espaços saturados de sentido e a vivência da temporalidade com pretensão eterna. O artigo segue as intuições metodológicas de Hervieu-Léger, Zygmunt Bauman e Mircea Eliade. Empiricamente, a pesquisa orienta-se por autores das ciências humanas e da religião para a análise histórica e atual do peregrino contemporâneo e do nascimento do “eu moderno” no processo de consumo intrínseco aos mercados turísticos.
A CIPHERTEXT-POLICY ATTRIBUTE-BASED SEARCHABLE ENCRYPTION SCHEME IN NON-INTERACTIVE MODEL
Authors: Trinh Van Anh , Trinh Viet Cuong
Published: September 2019

We address the problem of searching on encrypted data with expressive searching predicate and multi-writer/multi-reader, a cryptographic primitive which has many concrete application scenarios such as cloud computing, email gateway application and so on. In this paper, we propose a public-key encryption with keyword search scheme relied on the ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption scheme. In our system, we consider the model where a user can generate trapdoors by himself/herself, we thus can remove the Trusted Trapdoor Generator which can save the resource and communication overhead. We also investigate the problem of combination of a public key encryption used to encrypt data and a public-key encryption with keyword search used to encrypt keywords, which can save the storage of the whole system