bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ПЛАНУВАННЯ ВИТРАТ МІСЬКОГО БЮДЖЕТУ
Authors: Блага Вікторія , Благой Віталій , Федорець Катерина
Published: July 2022

УДК 338.22.021.4; JEL Classification: G38

Блага В.В., Благой В.В., Федорець К.О. ПЛАНУВАННЯ ВИТРАТ МІСЬКОГО БЮДЖЕТУ

Мета: розробити методику формування, розробки й реалізації цільових муніципальних програм та визначити порядок ухвалення рішення про розробку цільових муніципальних програм і регламентований порядок контролю за ходом реалізації муніципальних цільових програм. Методика дослідження: аналіз практики планування фінансових ресурсів на рівні суб'єкта України й муніципального утворення – для обґрунтування актуальності теми, мети за завдань дослідження; методи системного аналізу – для обґрунтування запропонованої методики бюджетного аналізу, яка дає можливість зіставити заплановані напрямки муніципальної соціально-економічної політики і їхню дійсну реалізацію. Результати дослідження: визначено, що застосовувана в даний час система оцінки фінансових ресурсів муніципальних утворень (зокрема система оцінки доходів і витрат бюджетів муніципальних утворень Харківської області) недостатньо об'єктивна й не враховує потреби муніципальних утворень, що приводить до зниження фінансової самостійності органів місцевого самоврядування. Наукова новизна: удосконалена методика формування, розробки й реалізації цільових муніципальних програм, за рахунок доповнення її показником дугової логарифмічної еластичності, що дозволяє розрахувати міру реагування витрат (по статтях) бюджету муніципального утворення на зміну його доходів. Запропонована методика бюджетного аналізу дає можливість зіставити заплановані напрямки муніципальної соціально-економічної політики і їхню дійсну реалізацію. Практична значущість: розроблена методика носить прикладний характер. При плануванні витрат бюджету підприємствами м. Харкова Управлінням економічного розвитку й інвестицій адміністрації м. Харкова був сформований перелік цільових програм, що підлягають фінансуванню. Таким чином, прийняття методики дозволило Управлінню економічного розвитку й інвестицій адміністрації міста, привівши до єдиного стандарту муніципальні цільові програми, при плануванні витрат міського бюджету виключити необґрунтовані витрати.
ANALISIS KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM NASKAH SÊRAT DONGENG ASMADAYA (KAJIAN PRAGMATIK)
Authors: Paramita Hapsari Pradnya , Harsono Harsono , Sawitri Sawitri , Basuki Sri Harjono
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk prinsip kesantunan berbahasa apa saja yang terdapat dalam naskah Sêrat Dongèng Asmadaya dengan kajian pragmatik. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah naskah Sêrat Dongèng Asmadaya. Data dalam penelitian ini meliputi data primer dan data sekunder. Alat penelitian yang digunakan dibagi menjadi dua yaitu alat utama dan alat bantu. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode simak dan teknik lanjutan catat. Validitas data penelitian ini menggunakan trianggulasi sumber data. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini dengan metode padan dan metode distribusional (metode agih) untuk menemukan kaidah dalam tahap analisis. Penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif, berdasarkan pada fenomena dan fakta yang secara empiris ditemui dalam pengumpulan data. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesantunan berbahasa apa saja yang terdapat dalam naskah Sêrat Dongèng Asmadaya dengan kajian pragmatik
PEMAHAMAN SALAH SATU GURU DI MAN 2 TANGERANG MENGENAI SISTEM PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Usman Usman , Lestari Iing Dwi , Alfianisya Adzraalifah , Octavia Ayu , Lathifa Imroati , Nisfiyah Lailatun , Permata Aries Nabilla Aulia , Oktatira Ratih
Published: July 2022

Di Indonesia, kurikulum merdeka ini telah diluncurkan pada awal tahun 2022. Dalam peluncurannya, terdapat kurang lebih 2.500 sekolah formal di Indonesia yang dijadikan sebagai sekolah penggerak. Secara sederhana, sekolah penggerak sendiri berarti sekolah-sekolah yang telah memenuhi kriteria tertentu sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai melaksanakan uji coba penerapan sistem pembelajaran terdiferensiasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengetahui pemahaman salah satu tenaga pendidik di MAN 2 Tangerang mengenai sistem pembelajaran terdiferensiasi yang telah ditawarkan oleh kurikulum merdeka. Pemahaman makna sistem pembelajaran terdiferensiasi sendiri dilakukan sebagai langkah awal yang harus dipenuhi oleh setiap masing-masing pihak yang terlibat dalam dunia pendidikan untuk menerapkan sistem pembelajaran terdiferensiasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Jenis penelitian kualitatif ini cenderung menggunakan analisis. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pemahaman salah satu guru di MAN 2 Tangerang mengenai sistem pembelajaran terdeferensiasi pada kurikulum merdeka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salah satu guru di MAN 2 Tangerang tersebut belum mengetahui betul makna dari pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Bahkan, guru tersebut mengatakan baru pertama kali mendengar mengenai pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Menurutnya, pembelajaran berdiferensiasi sangat baik untuk dilakukan karena bukan lagi guru yang menjelaskan materi namun siswa sebagai subjek belajar. Padahal, makna pembelajaran terdiferensiasi yang sebenarnya lebih mendalam daripada itu.
MAKNA GRAMATIKAL DALAM SURAT KABAR ONLINE CNN (CABLE NEWS NETWORK) INDONESIA PADA RUBRIK POLITIK (EDISI APRIL DAN JUNI) (KAJIAN SEMANTIK)
Authors: Firdaus Haidir Arief , Sakrim Sakrim , Fatmasari Ria Kristia
Published: July 2022

Berita online merupakan berita jenis baru setelah sajian sebuah berita di media cetak (koran, majalah) berupa teks dan gambar di media penyiaran (radio, televisi) berupa audio dan video dengan topik berita yang sama. Alasan penulis memilih CNN (Cable News Network) Indonesia sebagai objek penelitian adalah karena CNN (Cable News Network) Indonesia adalah sebuah media pemberitaan atau informasi yang dipublikasikan melalui media online yang bekerja sama dengan Warner Media. CNN (Cable News Network) di sini bukan hanya menyajikan konten lokal saja akan tetapi juga internasional tetapi penyajiannya dalam bentuk bahasa Indonesia sehingga mempermudah konsumen mengetahui berita di dunia. Oleh karena itu penulis sangat tertarik memilih untuk meneliti makna gramatikal pada berita online yang diberitakan oleh CNN (Cable News Network) Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, yang termasuk dalam kajian tekstual, dengan menggunakan sumber data Surat Kabar Online CNN (Cable News Network) Indonesia dengan data penelitian penulisan dari surat kabar online. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dengan dokumentasi, dan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan teknik baca, dan teknik catat. Dengan prosedur pengumpulan data yang sesuai dengan target yang sudah ditentukan.
PERANAN APLIKASI KIPIN SCHOOL 4.0 DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Afrianti Desi , Mulyadi Jendri
Published: July 2022

Saat ini banyak media pembelajaran yang terus muncul guna melengkapi kebutuhan dunia pendidikan sesuai eranya.  Salah satunya aplikasi  Kipin School 4.0.  Aplikasi  Kipin School 4.0.  adalah  aplikasi pembelajaran yang terbaru dan terlengkap yang memuat materi pelajaran K13 dan juga kurikulum terbaru. Mulai dari buku pelajaran sekolah, video pelajaran sekolah, latihan tryout dan komik literasi. Aplikasi ini untuk jenjang PAUD, SD/MI, SMP/MTS, SMA/MA dan SMK . Selain itu, aplikasi ini dilengkapi dengan Sistem Ujian Online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat kepuasan sekolah yang telah menggunakan aplikasi ini dan apa peran aplikasi kipin school 4.0 dalam implementasi pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan metode deskriptif analitik kepustakaan dan melalui pendekatan konseptual dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa media gadget memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam menerapkan kebijakan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia terutama di era digital ini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah banyak sekolah yang merasa sangat terbantu dan puas dengan aplikasi ini. Tidak hanya guru, siswa, dan orang tua pun juga merasa terbantu. Aplikasi yang dikemas modern, lengkap, dan menarik membuat siswa menyenangi pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia sehingga tidak membosankan.
PEMBATASAN SEBAGAI SOLUSI PELARANGAN EKSPOR BAHAN BAKU NIKEL: STUDI KASUS EKSPOR BAHAN BAKU NIKEL INDONESIA
Authors: Nugroho Ario Seno
Published: July 2022

Akhir-akhir ini, terjadi perdebatan antara Pemerintah Indonesia dan Uni Eropa terkait ekspor nikel mentah. Pemerintah Indonesia menilai ekspor mineral secara mentah tidak memberikan nilai tambah yang layak bagi negara dan melakukan larangan ekspor nikel mentah. Namun bagi Uni Eropa, ketersediaan bahan baku mentah diperlukan untuk keberlangsungan  indutri mereka. Makalah ini berusaha memberikan alternatif kebijakan atas larangan ekspor menjadi pengetatatan pembatasan ekspor. Penelitian ini menggunakan simulasi

model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) dengan GTAP 9

. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetatan ekspor nikel mentah menghasilkan penurunan produktivitas industri nikel mentah Indonesia, kenaikan produktivitas dan ekspor industri manufaktur Indonesia, serta kenaikan produktivitas industri manufaktur Uni Eropa

.
Sosialisasi Media Tanam Tanaman Hias Di Kelompok Tani Sahaja, Jorong Lubuk Limpato, Kenagarian Tarantang, Kecamatan Harau
Authors: Wulantika Trisia , Sagita Chan Sari Rukmana Okta , Illahi Ayu Kurnia , Kurniasih Dedeh , Karmaita Yummama , Sari Deliana Andam , Kurnia Dihan , Situmorang Helentina
Published: July 2022

Salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang potensial di Indonesia adalah tanaman hias. Budidaya tanaman hias dapat menjadi peluang usaha dan dapat bermanfaat luas dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat. Mitra pengabdian ini adalah Kelompok Tani Sahaja. Kelompok tani ini merupakan kumpulan dari petani tanaman hias. Lokasi kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini merupakan kawasan wisata yang merupakan jalan lintas menuju objek wisata Ait Terjun Harau, sehingga perlu perhatian lebih untuk mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki oleh Jorong Lubuk Limpato ini. Salah satu hal yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan pemberian edukasi terhadap media tanam yang sesuai untuk tanaman hias. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan berupa ceramah dan diskusi tentang pengertian media tanam, persyaratan media tanam yang baik, jenis jenis media tanam (Organik dan Anorganik) dan perbandingan komposisi media tanam yang digunakan serta evaluasi, dari evaluasi yang dilakukan petani tanaman hias memahami materi yang disampaikan dan akan menerapkan dalam kegiatan budidaya kedepannya.
ENTITAS BISNIS PONDOK PESANTREN : ANTARA NILAI BAROKAH DAN GOING CONCERN
Authors: Uyun Jamilatul , Malia Evi , Kusuma Nailah Aka
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out how business entities owned by boarding schools maintain their existence. The method in this study is to use qualitative research method with interpretive approach. The result of this study is that the value of barokah is directly proportional to the principle of going concern (Continuity of business) in accounting. In the business entity pondok pesantren barokah interpreted if the system is run in accordance with the rules and standards that apply generally, does not deviate from religious teachings, honest and give zakat in accordance with nishab, then the business carried out will be sustainable. It supports the concept of going concern that the company will continue to operate for a long period of time if supported by financial and non-financial factors that run balanced and well. This research contributes to maintaining the value of religion in a kaffah, because if religious values are well practiced in the business world then it will synergize with the sustainability of the business itself. The implication of this research is as an input for businesses to include religious values as the basis of business behavior.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS DAN SALES GROWTH TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK (STUDI EMPIRIS PERUSAHAAN LQ45 BURSA EFEEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017-2019)
Authors: Magdalena Theresia , Gunarso Pujo , Dewi Ani Rustia
Published: July 2022

Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh ukuran perusahaan, profitabilitas dan sales growth terhadap penghindaran pajak pada perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Populasi perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode pengamatan tahun 2017-2019. Sampel menggunakan Teknik purposive sampling, jumlah perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel 24 perusahaan. Sumber data diperoleh dari website Bursa Efek Indonesia. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi berganda, teknik analisis data menggunakan uji asumsi klasik yaitu uji normalitas residual, uji multikolonieritas, uji autokorelasi, dan uji heteroskedastisitas. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh positif terhadap penghindaran pajak, profitabiltas berpengaruh negatif terhadap penghindaran pajak dan sales growth tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak.
Ship production processes air emissions analysis
Authors: Dragičević Viktor , Levak Marina , Turk Anton , Lorencin Ivan
Published: July 2022

Compliance with modern environmental norms and regulations is an increasingly important requirement in the shipbuilding process of ship design and construction. Related to the ship production process, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitric oxides and particulate matter are the main emissions of harmful gases in the shipyard. This paper analyzes air emissions from the ship production process in a shipyard. Air emissions are quantified from either in-situ measurements from emission sources, or by materials that are used in the shipbuilding process, and the acquired data from those measurements is calculated as yearly emissions. Emission quantities of VOCs, nitric oxides, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulates are analyzed regarding possible reduction techniques considering efficiency and investment costs for using these methods. In conclusion, the best available and feasible emission reduction methods are suggested, and a suggestion for achieving the goal of a net zero emission shipyard.
Differential expression of FAM83H in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2022

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with early-onset breast cancer. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding family with sequence similarity 83 member H, FAM83H, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast: in women aged 45 and younger, and women aged 70 and higher. FAM83H mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of FAM83H in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with HER2+ subtype breast cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. FAM83H may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Is the urban-rural divide affectively polarised? Comparative evidence from nine European countries
Authors: Hegewald Sven , Schraff Dominik
Published: July 2022

Recent studies in the United States and Europe have documented a growing divergence in voting behaviour and political attitudes between cities and the countryside. However, we still lack systematic evidence on the extent to which this urban-rural divide is also affectively polarised. To shed light on this, we advance the concept of place-based affective polarisation, which we define as the difference between in-group and out-group affect in relation to place-based groups. Drawing on original survey data from nine European countries, we show that place-based affective polarisation is substantial along the urban-rural divide and driven by strong feelings of place-based resentment and identity. Furthermore, we find that higher levels of place-based affective polarisation increase support for GAL parties (green, alternative, libertarian) among urbanites and support for TAN parties (traditional, authoritarian, nationalist) among ruralites. Overall, our findings point to a strong political cleavage between urban and rural areas in several European countries.
Khủng bố Hồi giáo
Authors: Cranier Louis
Published: July 2022

Khủng bố Hồi giáo, chủ nghĩa khủng bố Hồi giáo hoặc khủng bố Hồi giáo cực đoan được định nghĩa là bất kỳ hành động khủng bố, tập hợp các hành vi hoặc chiến dịch nào được thực hiện bởi các nhóm hoặc cá nhân, những người có động cơ hoặc mục tiêu thuộc Hồi giáo hoặc của Hồi giáo.
Differential expression of TCF3 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2022

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with early-onset breast cancer. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding transcription factor 3, TCF3, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast: in women aged 45 and younger, and women aged 70 and higher. TCF3 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of TCF3 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with HER2+ subtype breast cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. TCF3 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Kesuksesan dan Kejatuhan Bisnis Fashion: Studi Kasus pada Forever 21
Authors: Grafinsi Giska Aura
Published: July 2022

Bisnis pakaian Forever 21 pernah mengalami era kenaikan (rise). Namun sejak tahun 2000, industri kuliner ini mengalami tren penurunan (fall). Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan penurunan (fall) dan kenaikan (rise) pada bisnis pakaian forever 21. Studi ini menggunakan studi kasus tunggal pada bisnis forever 21 yang bergerak di bidang fashion dengan analisis business model canvas, business pattern, business environment & value proposition canvas. Bisnis pakaian Forever 21 pernah tren pertumbuhan dan sukses karena memiliki value proposition pakaian yang trendi dengan harga yang murah. Namun, bisnis ini mengalami penurunan karena channels Forever 21 masih belum secara maksimal memanfaatkan teknologi (online store). Studi merekomendasikan key activities dan value proposition Forever 21 mementingkan inovasi dan pembelanjaan reguler yang selalu menemukan sesuatu yang baru di toko setiap hari.
A Review on the Lebesgue Spaces
Authors: Ghimire Santosh , Mishra Bimala
Published: July 2022

In this article, we begin with classical Lebesgue spaces Lp with p being constant and review the various properties such as completeness and duality of the space. To this end, we also discuss the boundedness of Hardy-Littlewood maximal function and interpolation on such spaces. Finally, we focus our attention on variable exponent Lebesgue spaces and review various results on it. Moreover, we also see the differences in between these Lebesgue spaces.
Anti-CCP Antibody and Rheumatoid Factor among Clinically Diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital at Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Mandal Fuleshwar , KC Dilip , Adhikari Kishor
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common, chronic inflammatory multisystem autoimmune disorder of undetermined aetiology involving primarily the synovial membranes and articular structures of many joints. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is most frequently used serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of RA; however, these antibodies are detectable in many other pathological conditions and even in 5% in healthy population. Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide (Anti-CCP) antibodies is another serological biomarker having high sensitivity and specificity than RF which present in pre-clinical stage and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the confirmed RA patients visiting orthopaedic OPD. Anti-CCP antibody was determined quantitively by CLIA on Siemen ADVIA Centaur CP immunoassay system and RA-factor were determined quantitively by Nephelometry assay on MISPA I3 and comparison was done between two serological tests, i.e., Anti-CCP and RF.
RESULTS: Out of 112 clinically diagnosed RA patients, 23 (20.5%) were males and 89(79.5%) were females with the ratio of 1:3.9 and the mean age ± SD of the patients was 50 ± 14.56. Out of 112 clinically diagnosed RA patients, 55 patients, i.e., 49.1% were RF antibodies positive and 57 patients, i.e., 50.9% were RF antibodies negative. Among RF positive, 32 (58.2%) patients were positive for anti-CCP antibody and among RF negative, 10 (17.5%) patients were positive for anti-CCP antibody and the differences between Anti-CCP and RF groups was statistically highly significant (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Females are at high risk of developing Rheumatoid arthritis than males because male to female ratio is found to be 1:3.9. This study also showed that Anti-CCP antibody is more beneficial and better marker than RF for the diagnosis of Rheumatoid arthritis.
Prevalence and Predictors of Domestic Violence among Geriatric Population in a Hilly District of Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gautam Sangharsha , Nakarmi Sumitra , Yadav Dipendra Kumar
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Domestic violence has been a challenging issue throughout the globe that leads to the serious health problems and geriatric populations being more vulnerable as they are dependent on family or caregiver. The study aims to identify prevalence of domestic violence and its predictors among geriatric population of Baglung district, Nepal.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A community based cross sectional study was conducted at 2 urban municipalities and 2 rural municipalities of Baglung district, Province number 4, Nepal. A sample of 535 geriatric populations was selected using multi stage cluster sampling. Multivariable logistic regression model was adapted to explore predictors of domestic violence among geriatric population
RESULTS: Among 535 geriatric people, the prevalence of domestic violence was 3.5%. Geriatric people belong to dalit ethnicity (aOR=12.7; 95% CI: 2.8-56.3) living with others than spouses (aOR=10.2; 95% CI: 1.2-86.9) and the geriatric who need helper for daily activity (aOR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.0-8.7) were more likely to have experience of DV than their counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of Domestic Violence among geriatric population was very low. However, ethnicity, living other than spouses and assistance needed for daily activities were important predictors of DV among geriatric population. Therefore, Community awareness program regarding consequences of violence targeting elders as well as caregivers could be a public health priority to improve the status of elderly by reducing the elder violence.
Cosmetics utilization and its Knowledge among Intermediate Level Female Students of Public Youth Campus, Janakpurdham
Authors: Shah Laxmi , Shah Prativa , Giri Mahendra , Giri Shree Shyam
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Assorted beauty products such as skin care products, hair products, fragrances and nail products that may contain toxic chemicals and that can be harmful to health are especially used by women. The objective of this study was to assess the utilization of cosmetics and its knowledge among intermediate level female students.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted at Public Youth Campus, Janakpurdham using descriptive cross-sectional study design. Purposive sampling technique was used. Intermediate level female students were included in the study. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Version 23. Descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out to find out frequency and association between socio-demographic variables, and knowledge regarding the effects of cosmetics utilization.
RESULTS: The study revealed that 53.8% of respondents had started using cosmetics at the age of 12-16 years, 20% of respondents had started using cosmetics at the age of 16-20 years, whereas 26.3% had started using cosmetics before the age of 12. Moreover, 68.8% of respondents believed that long-term usage of cosmetic products was beneficial whereas 31.2% of respondents had experienced the adverse effects of cosmetics utilization. Additionally, 28.7% of respondents had a high level of knowledge regarding cosmetics utilization.
CONCLUSIONS: The study found that the knowledge regarding the effect of cosmetics utilization was moderate among the respondents. It was also found that the adverse effects of cosmetic use lead to allergic reactions and skin discoloration upon long term usage of cosmetic products. Health education program to the target population is crucial with focus on cosmetic use and its adverse effects on health.
Association of Demographic Variables and Stress Level in Grandparents Rearing Grandchildren of Employed Parents
Authors: Yadav Urmila , Yadav Sudeep Kumar , Varma Neethu , Rani Jasmine Arul
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: The responsibility of grandparents caring for their grandchildren comes with stress to the grandparents that can have an impact on their emotional health and psychological well-being. The aim of the study was designed to assess the level of stress and associated factors among grandparents raising their grandchildren of employed parents at selected area of Bangalore.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive research design and non-probability purposive sampling technique was used was used among 100 grandparents rearing their grandchildren at selected area of Bangalore. Modified parental stress scale (Berry and Jones 1995) was used to collect data from subjects. Descriptive, inferential statistics and chi-square was used to observe the association. P-value <0.05 level was considered as significant.
RESULTS: The majority (53%) of the respondents had moderate level of stress. A significant association was found with stress and selected socio-demographic variables like age, marital status, education level, religion, type of family, number of grandchildren, number of hours involved in child rearing per day, pre-existing medical/mental illness, and reasons for providing basic need of grandchildren (p< 0.05). Female grandparents had more stress compare to male grandparents.
CONCLUSIONS: The grandparents rearing their grandchildren have mild and moderate level of stress and with comparison of male and female grandparent’s stress, female grandparents are more stressed compare to male grandparents.
Public Private Health Care Facility Utilization among Diabetic People in an Urban Area: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Yadav Kamlesh Prasad , Mishra Raman , Yadav Birendra Kumar , Uprety Samyog , Jha Nilambar
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes was considered the disease of affluent and imposes a significant burden on the health services. The modalities of diabetes therapies are different in different parts of the world. However, studies regarding public or private healthcare utilization are lacking in Nepal. Therefore, this study was designed to assess public private health care facility utilization among diabetic people in an urban area of Ithari, Nepal.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Itahari, Submetropolitan of Sunsari district in the Koshi zone of Nepal from September 2017 - September 2018. The study population included 221 participants of age 25 years and above, diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes. Multi-stage proportionate random sampling method was adopted to select the participants. Chi square test was applied to find out the association and p<0.05 is considered significant. RESULTS: Out of the total (221) participants, 55.7% were aged 45-64 years with male of 50.2%. Higher proportion of participants above poverty line (79.7%) were used private healthcare facilities. Among the participants those reported less or equal to two hours waiting time, majority (90.8%) had gone to private healthcare facilities, whereas those reported more than two hours waiting time, majority (70.8%) had gone to public healthcare facilities for the treatment which was found statistically significant (p=0.0002).
CONCLUSIONS: Maximum participants prefer private health care services as compared to government health services for their treatment. Therefore, additional community based studies are needed to include larger study populations in order to help healthcare providers develop proper health care programs for these patients.
A Survey on General Pharmacology and Adverse Drug Effects among Undergraduate Medical Students: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Chaurasia Lokeshwar , Paudel Gita , Khanal Amrit
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Pharmacology is one of the cornerstones of the drug discovery process. It has been defined as “an experimental science which has for its purpose, the study of changes brought about in living organisms by chemically acting substances (with the exception of foods), whether used for therapeutic purposes or not.” The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge on general pharmacology and adverse drug effects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Janaki Medical College from January 2021 to February 2021 among MBBS First and second year undergraduate students. A structured quantitative survey, was used as an instrument for data collection. A total of 120 participants completed the questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.0 software.
RESULTS: In the current study, out of 120 undergraduate MBBS students, 67.5% were males and 32.5% were females. The main purpose of using drug was for treatment as reported by 33.3% of the respondents, major source of drug was plants (69.2%), while generic name was the most commonly remembered drug nomenclature. Oral route was the most common route (100%) as well as the most preferred (89.2%) route of drug administration. The first line of treatment for any illness was home remedies (54.2%) while 69.2% of the respondents reported to consume drugs for any illness after prescription by a registered medical practitioner. Similarly, 80.8% of the respondents took drugs in adequate dose while 83.3% reported to take drugs for adequate period of time for any illness. Type A was the most commonly (79.2%) reported adverse effects.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings demonstrated the need to reinforce information on general pharmacology and adverse effects related to different dosage forms of medications to the future practitioners.
Yoga Practices and its Correlates among Bank Employees at Janakpurdham, Nepal: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Giri Shree Shyam , Dhungana Bharat Ram , Sah Shristi Kumari , Khanal Loknath , Giri Radheshyam , Yadav Binod Kumar , Sharma Laxmi Kanta
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Yoga practices have been increased around the world due to perceived benefits of meditation for stress management. It has a positive impact on stress level in yoga practitioners. Yoga activities provide a sense of well-being, which leads to an increase in self-esteem and relaxation. Banking personnel often have a high degree of stress due to work pressure they confront in their job. Stress lowers a person's ability and a healthy employee ensures productive outcome in the organization.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive research design was used and this study was confined to employees of different banks situated at Janakpurdham, Nepal. The duration of the study was from August 2020 to September 2020. A total of 205 participants were randomly selected. Simple random sampling technique was used to select banks of Janakpurdham from the list papered for the purpose of data collection.
RESULTS: There was strong association between demographic variables and perception of yoga, regarding mental and physical health among the bank employees. The perceived benefits of yoga on physical health as well as mental health for stress management was found to be associated with socioeconomic characteristics of the participants such as gender, religion, level of education, family income (p<0.05), except for age group and marital status (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: This study found that yoga keeps persons active for whole day, as well as yoga is beneficial for stress management too. Yoga is effective in lowering occupational stress, hence yoga awareness program among bank personnel is necessary.
Changes in Routine Blood Tests in COVID-19: A Case at Janaki Medical College
Authors: Prakash Satyam
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARSCoV-2 virus, which has resulted in a worldwide media attention and public alarm. COVID-19 has a wide variety of clinical features, ranging from asymptomatic infection to mild to severe pneumonia. Different laboratory parameters get altered in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, biochemical investigations are important to assess the progression of the disease and categorize patients that may present a severe and/or fatal clinical condition.
CASE PRESENTATION: The present case shows a 56-year-old male, without any significant medical history or comorbidities, suddenly developed fever and shortness of breath returning home attending a marriage ceremony at his village. He had the history of traveling but unaware about COVID-19 prone areas or with a direct contact of COVID-19 positive patients. The patient was primarily treated with medicines at home on telephonic consultation by physician but, didn’t recover. During hospitalisation, his chest X-ray revealed ground-glass opacity in the right middle and lower zone of the lung. He was tested RT-PCR positive after X-ray.
CONCLUSIONS: This case study concludes with lower levels of WBCs, Hb, lymphocytes, and eosinophils. The liver function tests were altered as well as renal impairment was common. The patient was encouraged to maintain home quarantine for at least 14 days after treatment. COVID-19 patient’s prognosis may be improved by monitoring haematological and biochemical changes.
Zagadnienie zróżnicowania etnicznego Austronezji w świetle analizy transportu wodnego
Authors: Kłodnicki Zygmunt
Published: July 2022

Artykuł stanowi próbę określenia granic regionów kulturowych i dróg ekspansji niektórych wytworów z zakresu kultury nautycznej w Autronezji. Autor rozpatruje warunki rozwoju żeglugi na tym obszarze i podkreśla istotną rolę w tym procesie środowiska geograficznego.  Zawraca uwagę na znaczenie tratew w migracjach Austronezyjczyków. Wskazuje, że łodzie z urządzeniem statecznicowym można uznać za differentia specifica kultury Austronezyjczyków od momentu opuszczenia przez nich południowo-wschodniej Azji. Na podstawie analizy zróżnicowania budowy urządzenia statecznicowego, wyposażenia łodzi i terminologii żeglarskiej autor określa drogi ekspansji kulturowej w Austronezji. Integralną część artykułu stanowią mapy dotyczące łodzi z urządzeniem statecznicowym i regionalizacji kulturowej omawianego obszaru.
Międzynarodowy Zjazd Studentów Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej Europy Środkowej „Etnologia bez granic / Ethnology without borders” (2011–2021)
Authors: Kania Karolina
Published: July 2022

Międzynarodowy Zjazd Studentów Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej Europy Środkowej Etnologia bez granic / Ethnology without borders to wydarzenie, którego pierwsza edycja odbyła się w 2012 roku dzięki pomysłowości i wsparciu prof. dra hab. Zygmunta Kłodnickiego. W niniejszym artykule autorka przedstawia historię Etnologii bez granic, przebieg pierwszej edycji wydarzenia, a także cele, które zostały zrealizowane.
Kształtowanie się służb specjalnych jako aparatu represji Polski Ludowej
Authors: Nowicka Dorota
Published: July 2022

Celem artykułu jest omówienie genezy, podstaw działalności, kompetencji oraz struktury aparatu represji Polski Ludowej, jakim niewątpliwie był Resort, a następnie Ministerstwo Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego. Przedstawione w nim zostały zarówno wydarzenia z czasów II Wojny Światowej, które na kolejne lata zdecydowały o losach kraju i społeczeństwa polskiego, naznaczając je ludzkimi tragediami, jak i te, w wyniku których umacniano wprowadzony reżim.

Artykuł podzielony został na części, z których pierwsza omawia sytuację Polski w czasie wojny w kontekście realizacji planów Stalina, druga przybliża proces tworzenia aparatu represji zarówno pod względem strukturalnym, jak i regulacji prawnych. Część ta jest tematycznie związana z aneksem, który zawiera przykłady aktów „prawnych” nie tylko regulujących działalność resortu, ale także nakładających na społeczeństwo obowiązki i kary, z karą śmierci włącznie. Akty te niewiele miały wspólnego ze stanowieniem prawa, przeczyły wszelkim zasadom i regułom, co nie miało jednak jakiegokolwiek znaczenia. Ważne było, że każde działanie było oparte na przepisie. W trzeciej części artykułu przedstawiono organizację resortu i jego następcy na szczeblu centralnym i terenowym. Zawarte w nim zostały również informacje o osobach, które w sposób systematyczny i z pełnym zaangażowaniem realizowały zbrodniczą politykę Stalina. Zakończenie jest podsumowaniem pozycji RBP, a następnie MBP w procesie zniewalania narodu polskiego.
Light baryon spectroscopy
Authors: Thiel Annika
Published: July 2022

One of the unresolved questions in Hadron Physics comes from the field of Baryon Spectroscopy. Here, the exact interaction between the quarks inside the nucleons is investigated via measurement of the excitation spectrum of the nucleons. Comparison to constituent quark models as well as lattice QCD calculations reveal substantial differences is the number of observed states and in the mass hierarchy of the first excitations. This proceeding will give a short recap about the current developments in the field of Light Baryon Spectroscopy.
The NICA-SPD project: a new tool to investigate the hadron structure
Authors: Tomasi Egle
Published: July 2022

SPD is an international Collaboration gathering around the Spin Physics Detector at the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider FAcility (NICA), presently under construction at the Joint Institute per Nuclear Research, in Dubna. The project is briefly presented with special focus to the opportunities opened by the collision of high luminosity polarized proton and deuteron beams with total energy up to $\sqrt{s}$=27 GeV. Examples of the foreseen research program are highlighted, in connection with the spin structure of light nuclei, the proton gluon content and the spin dependence of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The unicity of NICA-SPD makes the future results complementary to the studies that have been or will be performed at other polarized hadron machines in different energy domains.
Genç, sağlıklı erkeklerde 10 haftalık Nordic Hamstring egzersiz eğitimi ve onu izleyen egzersizi bırakma süreçlerinin etkileri
Authors: ÖZDAMAR Hatice Çağla , KILIÇ ERKEK Özgen , ESER AKKAYA Habip , KILIÇ TOPRAK Emine , BOR KÜÇÜKATAY Z. Melek
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Nordic hamstring egzersizi (NHE) hamstring kas kuvvetini arttırmak ve yaralanmaları önlemek amacıyla kullanılmaktadır. NHE'nin akut, uzun süreli ve egzersizi bırakma (detraining) süreçlerinde demografik veriler, esneklik, anaerobik güç, kas hasarı, yorgunluk, oksidatif stres, kan laktat seviyeleri üzerindeki etkilerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereçler ve yöntemler: 40 sağlıklı, sedanter erkek gönüllü bireye 10 haftalık ilerleyici NHE ve takiben detraining uygulanmıştır. Kas mimarisi ultrasonografik ölçümle ve kas sertliği strain elastografi ile belirlenmiştir. Anaerobik güç, çift ayak durarak uzun atlama ve dikey sıçrama ile esneklik otur-uzan testleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Kreatin kinaz aktivitesi, oksidan/antioksidan parametreler venöz kandan ticari kitler aracılığıyla ölçülmüştür.

Bulgular: NHE, deneklerin kilo vermesini sağlamış; egzersizin 5 hafta boyunca bırakılması ile verilen kilolar geri alınmıştır. Egzersiz deneklerin gonyometre ile ölçülen diz açılarında artışa neden olmuş; bu artış egzersizi bırakma ile geri dönmemiştir. 10 haftalık NHE anaerobik performansta egzersizin bırakılmasıyla kısmen geri dönen artışa sebep olmuştur. NHE, biceps femoris uzun başı alanı ve pennasyon açısında 10 haftalık egzersizi bırakma ile geri dönen bir artış olmuştur. Her egzersiz seansını takiben bireylerin kan laktat düzeyinde, kas ağrısında ve yorgunlukta artış tespit edilmiştir. NHE oksidan/antioksidan parametrelerde değişiklik oluşturmazken; 5 haftalık egzersizi bırakma ile total oksidan kapasite (TOK) ve oksidatif stres indeksi (OSI)’nde artışa sebep olmuştur. 10 haftalık egzersizi bırakma süreci bu parametrelerin yeniden azalmasına neden olmuştur.

Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, kas gücü ve performansı arttırmak amacıyla yaptırılan egzersiz türünün seçiminde yol gösterici olabilecektir.
An Extremely Rare Case Report of a Retroperitoneal Hernia Following Spinal Surgery
Authors: Cañas Rafael García
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Retroperitoneal hernias are extremely rare lumbar wall defects. Secondary hernias can occur after previous flank surgeries, infection or trauma. There is a paucity of literature regarding lumbar incisional hernias, most of them related to lateral approaches to the spine. Research Question: The objective of this article is to report a rare case of a retroperitoneal hernia following spinal surgery. Material and Methods: We review a rare presentation of a symptomatic acquired retroperitoneal hernia following several posterior lumbar spine approaches. An extensive literature review regarding retroperitoneal hernia and its relation to spinal surgery was performed. Results: A successful hernia repair suturing the transversalis fascia to the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia using a biological mesh was performed, with resolution of the hernia symptoms. Discussion and Conclusion: Although retroperitoneal hernias are extremely rare, we must emphasize the importance of an adequate surgical exposure in order to preserve the retroperitoneal and thoracolumbar fasciae as biological barriers during surgical approaches to the spine.
Are Patients Without Surgical Risks Really Without Surgical Risk?
Authors: W. L Huang,
Published: July 2022

What motivated me to write this editorial was that, in my clinical practice for the last 30 years of medical experiences, I had the opportunity to study both kinds of medicine that exists in our world. The first by Western medicine, where I graduated in medical school in 1992 and specialized in infectious disease in Londrina State University in Brazil in 1995.
Complementary and Supportive Therapy Practices Used by Nurses to Prevent COVID-19: Natural and Herbal Products
Authors: DEMİRAĞ Hatice
Published: July 2022

Introduction and Objective: Nurses COVID-19 pandemic fear infecting their patients during infection of their family members or complementary-supportive treatment increased their use of natural and herbal products. It was conducted to determine the herbal practices used by nurses as a complementary and supportive treatment to prevent COVID-19. Materials and Methods:The data of this study, which was carried out in descriptive and cross-sectional design, was collected on 255 nurses in all clinics located at X State Hospital in April 2022. In collecting data, “personal information form was used for the survey. The Ethics Committee of the institution and the permissions required approximately 10 minutes after receiving the questionnaire was applied to nurses. Results: It was determined that 92.9% of the nurses participating in the study increased lemon and orange consumption, 42.7% onion garlic consumption, 45.1% water consumption and 7.8% home bread consumption in preventing COVID-19. Nurses were found to drink honey and propolis (40%), natural products (50.2%), kefir (15.3%), thyme tea (20%), lime (13.7%) and lemon water (6.3%), gargle with boiling water (26.7%), use vitamin D (44.3%) and pay attention to sleep patterns (49.4%). Conclusion: At the end of this study, it was determined that nurses use herbal products, which are complementary-supportive treatment applications, to prevent COVID-19.
Risques nucléaires, radiologiques, biologiques et chimiques (NRBC) : la « chaîne de survie NRBC » et son acronyme « DUST DAHO », un outil cognitif destiné aux primo-intervenants non spécialistes pour la prise en charge des victimes les premières heures
Authors: Giaume L. , Calamai F. , Daniel Y. , Demeny A. , Derkenne C. , Lachenaud L. , Travers S. , Dorandeu F.
Published: July 2022

Les risques terroristes nucléaires, radiologiques, biologiques et chimiques (NRBC) constituent une menace permanente. Les primo-intervenants seront probablement des personnels non spécialisés face à un événement de cette nature. À l’extérieur ou à l’accueil des hôpitaux, leur rôle sera pourtant décisif sur le plan tactique afin de mettre en œuvre les premières mesures et minimiser les effets sur la population. Acquérir et entretenir un niveau de formation suffisant pour un risque d’occurrence rare, pour agir efficacement en tenue de protection dans un contexte aussi stressant sont des défis pédagogiques et organisationnels pour nos services. En 2019, la brigade de sapeurs-pompiers de Paris conceptualise la « chaîne de survie NRBC » regroupant les cinq actions essentielles à mener par les primointervenants en cas d’événements NRBC. Ces tâches, indissociables, sont représentées sous la forme d’une chaîne constituée de cinq maillons : 1) Décontamination d’urgence pour limiter l’intoxication et la contamination ; 2) Recherche de symptômes pour identifier l’agent et alerter les secours ; 3) Administration précoce des traitements pour réduire la morbi mortalité ; 4) Décontamination approfondie pour protéger le système de santé ; 5) Évacuation vers l’hôpital. En 2020, l’acronyme « DUST DAHO » est ajouté pour optimiser la mémorisation et la restitution des cinq maillons de cette chaîne. Cet outil cognitif s’adresse à tous les acteurs, soignants ou non, à l’extérieur ou à l’accueil de l’hôpital, quel que soit l’agent NRBC en cause. Il pourrait également être un outil de communication précieux pour le grand public en cas de crise.