bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Commercializing Personal Health Information: A Critical Qualitative Content Analysis of Documents Describing Proprietary Primary Care Databases in Canada
Authors: Spithoff Sheryl , Grundy Quinn
Published: April 2023

Background: Commercial data brokers have amassed large collections of primary care patient data in proprietary databases. Our study objective was to critically analyze how entities involved in the collection and use of these records construct the value of these proprietary databases. We also discuss the implications of the collection and use of these databases. Methods: We conducted a critical qualitative content analysis using publicly available documents describing the creation and use of proprietary databases containing Canadian primary care patient data. We identified relevant commercial data brokers, as well as entities involved in collecting data or in using data from these databases. We sampled documents associated with these entities that described any aspect of the collection, processing, and use of the proprietary databases. We extracted data from each document using a structured data tool. We conducted an interpretive thematic content analysis by inductively coding documents and the extracted data. Results: We analyzed 25 documents produced between 2013 and 2021. These documents were largely directed at the pharmaceutical industry, as well as shareholders, academics, and governments. The documents constructed the value of the proprietary databases by describing extensive, intimate, detailed patient-level data holdings. They provided examples of how the databases could be used by pharmaceutical companies for regulatory approval, marketing and understanding physician behaviour. The documents constructed the value of these data more broadly by claiming to improve health for patients, while also addressing risks to privacy. Some documents referred to the trade-offs between patient privacy and data utility, which suggests these considerations may be in tension. Conclusion: Documents in our analysis positioned the proprietary databases as socially legitimate and valuable, particularly to pharmaceutical companies. The databases, however, may pose risks to patient privacy and contribute to problematic drug promotion. Solutions include expanding public data repositories with appropriate governance and external regulatory oversight.
National Trauma Registries in LMICs: Long-Overdue Priority; Comment on "Neurotrauma Surveillance in National Registries of Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review and Comparative Analysis of Data Dictionaries"
Authors: Asfaw Zerubabbel
Published: April 2023

The burden of trauma-related mortality is inversely related to income on an individual and national scale. Barthélemy et al. highlight the significant variation of neurotrauma data included in national injury registries of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) when compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) minimal dataset for injury (MDI). Moreover, the authors emphasize that the non-existence and underutilization of nationally standardized trauma registries hinder the data-driven identification of factors contributing to neurotrauma and subsequent attempts to improve neurotrauma care. Establishing a nationally standardized trauma registry should be prioritized by all stakeholders involved in curbing trauma-related mortality and building research capacity in LMICs. In this commentary, previous successful efforts to establish and maintain robust registries in LMICs through local and international partnerships are highlighted. The lessons and challenges chronicled in establishing such registries can inform future efforts to implement a nationally standardized trauma registry.
Tenofovir induced acute kidney injury and its outcome; an Indian perspective
Authors: Gurusiddaiah Sreedhara C. , Shetty Bhushan C , Aralapuram Kishan , Shetty Shashank , Shankar Mythri , Vankalakunti Mahesha
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Tenofovir remains the cornerstone drug in various antiretroviral regimens and is commonly associated with renal failure in susceptible individuals with a renal biopsy suggestive of proximal tubular injury. Objectives: To investigate clinical, histopathological and outcome findings in tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity patients. Patients and Methods: Between August 1, 2014, and March 31, 2017, an observational study was conducted in a government-run tertiary care facility in South India. All patients receiving a regimen based on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and testing positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were included. A renal biopsy was performed when needed. Results: A total of 27 cases were identified, with a mean age of 45.03± 12.95 years, while 19 (70%) of them were men. Mean creatinine and mean proteinuria among the participants were 5.78 ±2.71 mg/dL and 1643.96 ±1056.44 mg/dL, respectively, at the time of the renal biopsy. Interval between TDF treatments to kidney biopsies ranged between 7 to 52 weeks with mean (±SD) of 30.8±22 weeks. Phosphaturia and glycosuria were found in 10 (37.03%) and 8 (29.5%) patients respectively, all of whom had normoglycemia. In contrast to the remaining 13 instances, which all had moderate to severe diffuse inflammation, 14 patients exhibited toxic proximal tubular damage along with mild and localized interstitial inflammation. Hemodialysis was required by 10 individuals. A total of 22 patients were monitored after TDF was stopped, while 17 (77.27%) of them had fully recovered renal function at the end of monitoring period. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that TDF nephrotoxicity is a reversible form of toxic acute tubular necrosis with concurrent interstitial inflammation that affects the proximal tubules. As a result, it is crucial to carefully monitor renal parameters in these patients.
Perceiving through Lens: An Innovative Way to Enhance Teaching Skills among Pre-Service Interns
Authors:   Assistant Professor, KSR College of Education, Trichengode, Namakkal, Mahendran T. , Paul Albert A. ,   Assistant Professor, Immaculate College of Education for Women, Puducherry
Published: April 2023

Micro teaching is a technique used in teacher preparation programme to get training and improving teaching skills among pre-service teachers. They practice the various techniques inside the classrooms and receive feedback from the peer group. Based on the feedback, the trainee can identify the areas to be improved. In addition, integration of technology in teaching field facilitate the instructional techniques, especially early 1980s computer based instruction and computer assisted instruction has significant role in teaching (Chuang, and Rosenbusch, 2005).Notably, recorded videos served as a tool to provide immediate feedback and participate in self-evaluation. Even though there are positive and negative consequences of videos, many research studies provided strong evidence to show the effectiveness of micro teaching technique through videos. The present article describes a new approach similar to the earlier studies with use of video technology in micro teaching, and adopted a different mode of video technology by incorporating Virtual Reality headset with smart phones.
Papilledema: A Problem of Modern Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery
Authors: Крамаренко А.Н. , Марьенко И.П.
Published: April 2023

Застойный диск зрительного нерва (ЗДЗН) – отек диска зрительного нерва, вызванный повышенным внутричерепным давлением и обычно носящий билатеральный характер. В работе представлен обзор актуальных данных по патогенезу, эпидемиологии, классификации, дифференциальной диагностике, особенностям протекания ЗДЗН и прогнозам для зрения в исходе заболевания. Дифференциальная диагностика ЗДЗН и других изменений диска зрительного нерва (ДЗН), схожих по офтальмоскопической картине, по-прежнему представляет серьезную трудность. Имеющиеся методы диагностики при их изолированном использовании не всегда могут помочь дифференцировать отек и псевдоотек ДЗН. Решение этой задачи часто требует мультимодального офтальмологического обследования и междисциплинарного подхода. Наблюдается существенный недостаток данных о специфичных признаках, характерных для истинного ЗДЗН. Изучение корреляции состояния зрительного нерва с уровнем внутричерепного давления может помочь в разработке критериев неинвазивной диагностики повышенного внутричерепного давления.

Papilledema is optic disk swelling, caused by increased intracranial pressure and usually having a bilateral pattern. We present a review of current data on pathogenesis, epidemiology, classification, differential diagnosis, edema evolution and visual outcome prognosis. Differential diagnosis of the papilledema and other similar optic disc changes is still difficult. The available diagnostic methods, when used isolated, not always can help in differentiating between papilledema and pseudopapilledema. The solution often requires a multimodal ophthalmological examination and an interdisciplinary approach. There is a significant lack of data on the specific diagnostic features for true papilledema. Thorough studying of the correlation between the optic nerve status and the intracranial pressure level may help in elaborating criteria for non-invasive diagnosis of increased intracranial pressure.
Pediatric Skull Base Fractures. Part 3: Surgical Treatment
Authors: Миронец Е.В. , Талабаев М.В. , Журавлев В.А.
Published: April 2023

В статье приводится обзор отечественной и зарубежной литературы, описывающий современные подходы к хирургическому лечению переломов основания черепа (ПОЧ) и их осложнений. Уделяется внимание показаниям к оперативному лечению и срокам его выполнения. Подняты вопросы эндоскопического и транскраниального способов лечения ликвореи при ПОЧ, приводятся основные преимущества и недостатки данных методик в зависимости от локализации и размеров ликворной фистулы. Изложены основные принципы оперативного лечения, виды хирургических подходов (открытый, эндоскопический) и материалов для пластики основания черепа с акцентом на пациентов детского возраста.

The article provides a review of domestic and foreign literature describing current approaches to surgical treatment of skull base fractures and their complications. Attention is paid to indications for surgical treatment and its terms. Issues of endoscopic and transcranial methods of cerebrospinal fluid leak treatment are raise, and the main advantages and disadvantages of these techniques depending on liquor fistula localization and size are presented. The main principles of surgical treatment, types of surgical approaches (open, endoscopic) and materials for skull base plasty with an emphasis on pediatric patients are outlined.
COVID-19 Associated Serous Meningitis and Optic Neuritis: A Case Report
Authors: Чечик Н.М. , Лихачев С.А. , Каплич Л.Л. , Качанко Е.Ф. , Апанович М.А. , Буняк А.Г. , Жучок А.Н.
Published: April 2023

В настоящее время описаны различные варианты поражений нервной системы, ассоциированные с коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19. Особое внимание уделяется таким остро развивающимся заболеваниям, как менингоэнцефалиты, инсульты, судорожные припадки, моно- и полиневропатии, энцефалопатии. Несмотря на имеющееся на текущий момент большое количество публикаций, данная проблема требует дальнейшего тщательного изучения, что связано с необходимостью систематизации данных, выявления новых патогенетических механизмов и разработки оптимальных терапевтических подходов. Огромный интерес также вызывает возможность возникновения у 1 пациента нескольких вариантов острого поражения структур центральной и периферической нервной системы. В статье представлено описание собственного клинического наблюдения пациента, у которого развились серозный менингит и оптический неврит, ассоциированные с коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19. На примере клинического наблюдения рассмотрены особенности течения заболевания, подходы к диагностике и лечению, а также возможные сложности в процессе дифференциально-диагностического поиска.

Nowadays, a variety of nervous system lesions associated with COVID-19 infection has been described. A special attention is paid to such acute developing diseases as meningoencephalitis, strokes, seizures, mono- and polyneuropathy, and encephalopathy. Despite the large number of available publications, this issue requires further careful study due to the necessity of systematizing data, identifying new pathogenetic mechanisms, and developing optimal therapeutic approaches. The possibility of several variants of acute damage to the structures of the central and peripheral nervous system in the same patient is also of great interest. The article describes the own clinical observation of a patient who developed serous meningitis and optic neuritis associated with COVID-19 infection. The clinical features of the disease course and approaches to diagnosis, as well as possible difficulties in the differential diagnostic process are considered.
PENGARUH DIVERSITAS GENDER, CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA SEKTOR ENERGI TAHUN 2016-2020
Authors: Sari Roro Diyah Puspita , Atmaja Hanung Eka , Hirawati Heni
Published: April 2023

Nilai perusahaan merupakan salah satu faktor yang diperhatikan oleh investor dalam menanamkan modalnya karena menggambarkan keberlanjutan perusahaan di masa mendatang. Selain itu, nilai perusahaan menjadi tujuan jangka panjang bagi perusahaan. Nilai perusahaan penting untuk diperhatikan, termasuk variabel apa saja yang mempengaruhinya agar pencapaian nilai perusahaan dapat dimaksimalkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris mengenai peran diversitas gender, corporate social responsibility, dan struktur modal dalam memberikan pengaruh kepada nilai perusahaan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan sektor energi yang terdaftar di IDX Industrial Classification Bursa Efek Indonesia periode tahun 2016-2020. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian terdiri dari 34 perusahaan dengan periode penelitian selama lima tahun, sehingga total observasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 170 observasi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dalam bentuk data panel. Data diperoleh dengan melihat laporan keuangan tahun 2016-2020 perusahaan sektor energi yang masuk dalam sampel penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan diversitas gender, corporate social responsibility, dan struktur modal berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sektor energi periode 2016-2020. Secara parsial diversitas gender tidak berpengaruh siginifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Sedangkan corporate social responsibility dan struktur modal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sektor energi periode 2016-2020.
PENGARUH LITERASI KEUANGAN, INKLUSI KEUANGAN, DAN FINTECH TERHADAP KEBERLANGSUNGAN BISNIS UMKM
Authors: Maulana Rinaldi , Murniningsih Rochiyati , Prasetya Wahyu Anggit
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh literasi keuangan, inklusi keuangan, dan fintech terhadap keberlangsungan usaha di Kota dan Kabupaten Magelang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Sampling menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 450 UMKM di Kota dan Kabupaten Magelang. Alat analisis berupa regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1). Literasi keuangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keberlangsungan usaha UMKM, 2). Inklusi keuangan berpengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan usaha UMKM; 3). Fintech tidak berpengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan usaha. Temuan ini menambah literatur dan menghadirkan implikasi bagi para stakeholder untuk menginisiasi program yang mendukung keberlangsungan bisnis UMKM.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN HELPER DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. MEGA RIAU PERDANA PEKANBARU)
Authors: Nugroho Gilang , Indrastuti Sri , Alfarissi Reynaldy
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi kerja terhahap kinerja karyawan helper dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada PT. Mega Riau Perdana Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. Mega Riau Perdana Pekanbaru yang berjumlah 100 orang dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah semua karyawan helper yang ada di PT. Mega Riau Perdana Pekanbaru sebanyak 50 orang. Partial least square (PLS) digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis dalam peneltian ini dengan menggunakan SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Helper, terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja, terdapat pengaruh positif Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Helper, dan terdapat pengaruh positif secara langsung Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Helper dengan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai variabel Intervening.
THE SYSTEM OF VALUES OF THE MODERN SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors:   Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia, Salkov A. V. , Shchipanova A. K. ,   Surgut Polytechnic College Surgut, Russia
Published: April 2023

The article dwells on the results of monitoring the system of values of secondary vocational education students. The conducted research made it possible to deduce the formation of the system of values in students, their readiness to study at institutions of the secondary vocational level and to get a profession. It was found that together with the increase of importance of such value as happy marriage, the significance of values of love, active and financially secure life, comfort and freedom grow substantially as the students get older. This implies infantilism and inactivity of the most part of the interviewed students. The article suggests the paths for correcting the students’ system of values, taking into account the specifics of the obtained profession.
EFEKTIFITAS KOMBINASI FORMULA OIL CRAB DAN EKSTRAK DAUN KARAMUNTING (Melastoma malabathricum) PADA PROSES PEMATANGAN OVARI INDUK KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla sp.)
Authors: Iromo Heppi , Maulianawati Diana , Muhlis Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Mud crab are one of the fisheries commodities that have important economic value. Today the demand for mud crab on the market is increasing, so that the capture of mud crab is also increasing. To overcome this, various efforts have been made to meet market demand, namely by conducting seeding, fattening and enlargement of mud crab in the pond. This study aims to determine the maturity level of mud crab ovaries (Scylla sp.) by administering a combination of karamunting (M. malabathricum) leaf extract and thyroxine hormone. This study used a complete randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were treatment A (control), treatment B (M. Malabathricum 0.25 mg/g and thyroxine hormone 0.1 µg/g), treatment C (M. Malabathricum 0.5 mg/g and thyroxine hormone 0.1 µg/g), treatment D (M. Malabathricum 1 mg/g and thyroxine hormone 0.1 µg/g). The results showed that the administration of a combination of karamunting leaf extract (M. malabathricum) and the thyroxine hormone in treatments B and C can accelerate the process of egg removal (berried), which is within 20 days. The combination of karamunting leaf extract (M. malabathricum) and the thyroxine hormone can accelerate the ripening ovaries of mud crab from control treatment.
Adolescer em Quadrinhos
Authors: Pompeia Sabine
Published: April 2023

Este e-book gratuito para adolescentes, elaborado por cientistas especialistas em adolescência da UNIFESP, explica porque pessoas desta faixa etária comumente enfrentam certas dificuldades. Isso é feito com base em histórias em quadrinhos (HQs) sobre os desafios relacionados às mudanças comportamentais que acontecem nesta fase da vida acompanhadas de breves explicações sobre os motivos para essas transformações. A linguagem escrita e visual desta obra foi elaborada especificamente para esse público-alvo e os personagens das HQs refletem as características da maior parte do adolescentes em nosso país. Além disso, o e-book ilustra como são realizadas pesquisas sobre a "ciência da adolescência" com o objetivo de explicar de onde provêm os conhecimentos descritos e descrever por que, por quem e como a ciência é feita. O e-book incluir também links a vídeos que explicam em mais detalhes sobre o que é discutido. Essa obra visa aumentar a consciência de jovens (e também a de adultos interessados) sobre os porquês dos desafios que são enfrentados na adolescência, reduzir conflitos que jovens têm entre si e com adultos e popularizar a importância da ciência. Além disso, o e-book pode ser empregado em contextos educacionais para discutir dificuldades associadas à autorregulação comportamental nessa idade e/ou como uma introdução à metodologia científica.
Lazer e Promoção da Saúde
Authors: Secco Evandro Brandão , Stoppa Edmur Antônio
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo é resultado de uma investigação sobre o PELC, Programa Esporte e Lazer da Cidade, uma política pública de iniciativa do Governo Federal e executada pelo Município de São Bernardo do Campo, região metropolitana de São Paulo. Seu objetivo é apresentar as particularidades do desenvolvimento dessa política a partir de um diálogo com os princípios gerais das diretrizes da política nacional de promoção da saúde. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, composto por uma pesquisa de campo, com análise qualitativa dos dados coletados em observação não participante, complementada com entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com os profissionais vinculados ao programa. Os resultados apontam para uma predominância da oferta de atividades físicas na grade de atividades, bem como, a defesa da importância da saúde e da qualidade de vida enquanto objetivo de trabalho, identificado no discurso dos profissionais.
Alienação de uma Nova Geração Através da Indústria do Entretenimento
Authors: Santos Diogo Márcio Gonçalves dos
Published: April 2023

O sistema capitalista dispõe de diferentes complexos ideológicos para manter a lógica de acumulação de riquezas desta sociabilidade. Ao longo dos anos, esses instrumentos se adequam ao período sócio-histórico vigente e atualizam suas formas de legitimação da ordem social requerida. Nesse cenário, os produtos da indústria do entretenimento podem se constituir como um desses mecanismos, pois reproduzem a perspectiva conservadora das relações de exploração e opressão, formando um sistema social de preconceitos baseado na ideologia dominante. O objetivo geral consiste em analisar o filme “Os Vingadores” e a série “Guerra de Tronos” como amostras do universo da indústria do entretenimento que reproduzem os valores conservadores do sistema do capital. Para isso, foi adotada a pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, mediante a utilização da pesquisa bibliográfica e da análise do discurso imagético — baseada na metodologia utilizada na tese da orientadora da pesquisa para este trabalho —, de dois produtos da indústria do entretenimento com forte apelo do público jovem. O processo de análise se iniciou através da elaboração de um quadro de orientação, o qual foi organizado através de uma categoria central, definida como alienação, que norteou as categorias secundárias, estipuladas nas formas de opressão (de classe, gênero e étnico racial). Logo, as variantes de cada categoria secundária articulam-se com um conjunto de normas de opressão. Em decorrência da grande quantidade de informações que podem ser exploradas no material estudado, optou-se por definir personagens que representam as variantes de cada categoria secundária e estipular a temporalidade de episódios da série “Guerra dos Tronos” que correspondem ao tempo de exibição do filme “Os Vingadores”, por isso foram definidos como amostras os dois primeiros episódios da primeira temporada da série mencionada. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os discursos dos personagens da série e do filme analisados possuem, em alguma medida, alinhamento com a perspectiva da reprodução conservadora das relações de classe, gênero e étnico-raciais, podendo ser exemplificado através do discurso do imperialismo norte-americano; da normalização do vestuário, das habilidades e das formas de comportamento entre personagens masculinos e femininos; da valorização cultural e da padronização estética eurocêntrica. Portanto, considera-se essa discussão essencial para compreendermos a desigualdade na sociedade capitalista em seu sentido mais amplo e como ela se utiliza desta indústria para alienar os indivíduos.
Middle Ear Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Five Years Old Child - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Nabi Nosheen , Khattak Asma , Sohail Chaudry Summaya
Published: April 2023

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric malignancy with a predilection for head and neck region. Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma is a variant of rhabdomyosarcoma which is extremely rare in middle ear. We present a case of middle year embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in a five-year-old child who was treated as otitis media on first presentation and later misdiagnosed as a vascular aural polyp on histopathology.
Human Rights of Non-Citizens: A Critical Analysis of Korean Constitutional Court Decisions Since 2001
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Kim Jihye
Published: April 2023

In 2001, the Korean Constitutional Court recognized the fundamental rights of non-citizens under the Korean Constitution by referencing them as “human rights.” The landmark decision had a significant meaning that the legal protection under the Constitution would be extended to non-citizens despite the textual limitations of the Constitution, which could have been interpreted that it confers fundamental rights only to citizens. Over the past around twenty years since then, however, the Court, in its rulings on the issues of migrants and refugees, retreated from protecting the rights of non-citizens on equal footing as citizens.
Based on the review of the rulings since 2001, this article criticizes that the Court has rendered arbitrary and incongruent decisions that allow, as well as normalize, discriminatory treatment against migrants and refugees. The Court decided to grant constitutional protection to non-citizens only when the Court recognizes certain rights as a “human right,” as opposed to “citizens’ rights,” but it did so without any reference to specific criteria for judgment including international human rights law. The Court then relaxed the standard of review on constitutionality when the issues concern the restrictions against non-citizens, by explicitly stating that the level of constitutional protection for non-citizens may not be same as for citizens.
In legitimizing the restrictions of fundamental rights against non-citizens, the Court relied on the assumption that foreigners are presumptively potential ‘illegal migrants’ who would harm social order. It also considered that the interests and benefits of citizens make valid reasons to justify the restrictions on non-citizens’ rights. This article discusses the irony how the Court in its rulings has undermined the principles of human rights while referencing to “human rights” as the basis of recognizing the constitutional rights of non-citizens.
Legal requirements for the act of acquiring electronic information stored by information and communication service providers for investigation purposes: From the perspective of communication secrets and freedom
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Kang Hyun-Koo
Published: April 2023

Until now, theories and precedents have reviewed the legal requirements under the premise that the investigative agency's acquisition of electronic information generated and stored by a suspect from an information and communication provider's server such as Kakao Talk constitutes seizure and search. However, the act of an investigative agency acquiring electronic information related to a suspect from an information and communication service provider's server, such as Kakao Talk, limits the confidentiality and freedom of the suspect's communication. In this respect, it can be said that the actions of investigative agencies are similar to the concept of wiretapping under the Communications Secret Protection Act in terms of limiting basic rights. Since the act of acquiring electronic information by an investigative agency is a state action and should not infringe on the basic rights of the people, it should be reviewed whether it violates the principle of proportionality. If the investigative agency acquires electronic information from the server of the information and communication service provider even though it can achieve the purpose of the investigation by acquiring electronic information from the suspect's terminal, it is contrary to the minimum of damage and the balance of legal interests. Therefore, in order for an investigative agency to obtain electronic information from an information and communication service provider's server, 'the circumstances in which the purpose of the investigation cannot be achieved in any other way' must be clarified. It is reasonable to operate the warrant practice in this way, and it will be necessary to stipulate it in the Criminal Procedure Act in the future.
The Formation and Meaning of Article 111 of the Constitution of 1962
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Chon Jongik
Published: April 2023

The experience of Joseon, which naturally entered the scope of the controlled economy through the Governor-General, became the basis for operating state-led economic development policies along with the experience of those returning from Manchuria. Park Chung-hee, who experienced Manchuria as a Japanese soldier, could not escape this influence and naturally came to have an idea of state-led economic development. Nevertheless, the direction of the economic policy of mixing the planned economy with the principle of free economy was set in the early days of the coup, which was accepted in the process of adapting the economic development plan created by the last government. The free economy of the last government had the meaning of clearing the deep-rooted evils such as government corruption under the Rhee Syngman administration, which was the demand of the April 19 Revolution. The coup forces, which advocated the succession of the April 19 revolution, emphasized the liquidation of deep-rooted evils. Therefore, the principle of free economy and state-led economic development could be harmonized for coup forces such as Park Chung-hee. In light of the basic position of the state-led economic development theory of coup forces, economic freedom and respect for creativity mean revitalizing private voluntary mobilization and economic activities within the framework of strong state control. The process of forming the provisions of constitutional economic principles was the work of shaping this economic policy direction already established by the military government into the constitution, so there was no need for a special debate on the content.
Clásicos modernos. Argumentos de investigación-acción para educar con la literatura
Authors: Caro Valverde María Teresa
Published: April 2023

Clásicos modernos es una monografía científica –vinculada al proyecto I+D+i PGC2018-101457-B-I00– que interesa a todo educador persuadido de la autenticidad formadora de la literatura clásica para cualquier edad y disciplina. Su clave es la reflexión inventiva que parte de la argumentación del comentarista capaz de idear teoría original sobre la práctica fenoménica de su lectura significativa y que se expande en el mundo educativo con proyectos de investigación-acción que renuevan el enfoque de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza en el siglo XXI. Ello da un giro innovador al humanismo literario en los escenarios democráticos donde el desarrollo integrado de competencias implica la emancipación de cada persona que aprende pensando libremente con discursos de acción social. Frente al vacuo consumo de artefactos y modas triviales, los clásicos nos llaman con sinergias íntimas y perdurables donde nace su modernidad. Obras como La Celestina arden en las pupilas de los lectores que las reinventan hoy enamorados de su verdad y su misterio. No es el canon impuesto, sino el hipertexto crítico y creativo el que las romantiza en las aulas, pues, en palabras de Azorín: «No han escrito las obras clásicas sus autores. Las va escribiendo la posteridad».
ROLE OF MDCT IN THE PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION OF ADULT INTUSSUSCEPTION
Authors: Sheik Ayisha , Ankamma Rao D. , Lakshmi Meenakshi Vudatha
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Intussusception is a condition which occurs when one segment of the intestine "telescopes" inside of another segment . It may or
may not be associated with features of intestinal obstruction .The telescoping proximal segment is called intussusceptum and the distal receiving
bowel segment is called intussuscipien.Intussusception can occur due to congenital cause like Meckel diverticulum, benign cause like intestinal
polyps, intestinal lipomas, hypertrophied lymphnodes, malignant conditions like colorectal carcinoma , lymphomas , metastatic depostis.
Depending on the presence or absence of lead point on MDCT,further treatment planning can be done like surgical or non surgical options like
water soluble contrast enema/ air enema can be administered . The prese Material and Methods: nt study was conducted in the department of
radiodiagnosis, NRI general hospital,chinakakani, Guntur district from 2020 to 2022. A total of 40 patients attending the general surgery
department in the age group between 20 to 70 years abdominal symptoms like pain,vomittings,bleeding per rectum, intestinal obstruction were
studied. All patients underwent MDCT and the ndings of CT scan are noted. Out Results: of the total 40 patients the most common age group of
presentation was 41-50 years(30%). 72% were males and 28% were females.out of 40 patients location of intussusception is ileocaecal in
50%,enteric in 35% ( ileoileal in 20%,jejunojejunal in 13% duodenoduodenal in 2%),colocolic in 15%. Intusussception can be detected by USG in
72% ,not detected by USG in 28% of individuals. Out of 40 patients no evidence of lead point on MDCT detected in 20%,In rest 80% lead point is
neoplastic etiology out of which 55% are benign( Lipomas being most common 22%, polyps 20%,carcinoids 8%,GIST 5% ), Malignant being
25% (carcinoma 15%, lymphoma 10 %). In case of adults neoplastic being most common cause sugery is the denitive management in 90%
patients , reduction is done in rest 10% patients. Preoperative evaluation of i Conclusion: ntussusception patients with MDCT is very essential to
diagnose the presence or absence of lead point and determine appropriate treatment and reduce the rate of unnecessary surgical intervention.
VARIOUS PRESENTATION OF HYDATID CYST IN ADULT POPULATION: A CASE SERIES FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN CENTRAL INDIA.
Authors: Jain Milan , Kela Manoj , Sharma Rajesh , Gupta Apoorv , Kumar Mishra Arun , Bhandari Vinod
Published: April 2023

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. Liver and lungs being the most
commonly affected organs whereas splenic infection is rarer and its primary involvement occurs in less than 2% of abdominal Cystic
echinococcosis. The clinical spectrum of hepatic hydatid cyst as well as splenic hydatid cyst may include abdominal lump with vague dull aching
pain, postprandial fullness, retrosternal burn, nausea, vomiting with fever. Usually patient has history of dogs, cattle as well as goats as their pet
animals. Sero-diagnosis plays a pivotal role in evaluation of abdominal lump which may later reveal itself as hepatic, splenic or hepato-splenic
hydatid cyst. Here, we present different cases of hepatic and splenic hydatid cyst for which a combination of haematological as well as abdominal
ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) were used for preoperative diagnosis
ASSESSMENT OF STATUS OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN FIRST DEGREE RELATIVES OF DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II PATIENTS
Authors: Goyal Prabhutva , Naheed Baig Vaseem , G. Sarade Chetan
Published: April 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an important public health problem worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing in both developed and developing
nations. Diabetes mellitus presents multiple challenges to public health, this disease contributes to signicant morbidity, including cardiovascular,
cerebrovascular, and renal disease, premature mortality, may progress undetected for years and is often not diagnosed until onset of clinical
symptoms or complications. This hospital based cross sectional study was conducted on a consecutive sample of 255 individuals who were rst
degree relatives (FDR) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the Medicine department out patients (OPD) & Inpatient (IPD) of
R.D.B.P Jaipuria Hospital, Jaipur attached with RUHS CMS Jaipur. The participants were divided in three groups as non-diabetic, pre-diabetic
and diabetic on the basis of, fasting, post prandial blood glucose and HBA1C levels performed at the time of enrollment. First degree relatives who
were already diagnosed with type-2 diabetes mellitus prior to the time of enrolment were not included. Out of total 255 participants, Non-Diabetics
were 141(55.29%), Pre-Diabetics were 94(36.86%) and Diabetics were 20 (7.84%). Family history is an important information that should always
be included in screening procedure. By identifying patients with pre-diabetes and diabetes and initiating early interventions in lifestyle and/or
pharmacological treatments, the progression can be delayed, or in some cases even prevented. Earlier the diagnosis, easier it is to reverse the
condition and curb the development of grave complications
COPPER AND ZINC MICROMINERALS LEVELS IN PATIENTS OF ACNE VULGARIS: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Singh Mahor Birendra , Bhimte Bhawna , Nasrat Huma , Dubey Anand , Kumar Meena Ashish , Kalita Bubul , Kaurav Vikas
Published: April 2023

Acne vulgaris is one of the most commonly occurring inammatory disorders among various skin diseases. It is said to be the gift of pubertal age,
however it stays for higher age also. Trace minerals like Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) may play an important role in either cause or severity of Acne
vulgaris.Present study aimed to estimate serum copper and zinc in patients of acne vulgaris. 140 acne vulgaris patients of different age group and
either sex was enrolled for the study. Result showed that levels of serum Cu and Zn was decreased in patients of Acne vulgaris (94.39±28.861 and
65.39±22.104 respectively). These levels also showed signicant association with different age groups as well as grade of acne. Hence can be
concluded these differences may be associated with severity of acne lesions, age and gender
UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION: DELAYED COMPLICATION OF WARFARIN THERAPY
Authors: Gupta Noopur , Kumar Pallika , Singhal Gaurang , Sharma Nishi
Published: April 2023

AIM- Report an unusual presentation of delayed complication of warfarin therapy leading to airway compromise. Warfarin is a BACKGROUNDwell-known oral anticoagulant and its major adverse side effect is bleeding (1-10%).Spontaneous hematoma of the sublingual and lingual space is
an extremely rare and life threatening complication of warfarin sodium use and can lead to upper airway obstruction from elevation of the oor of
mouth and tongue. -The case of a 40 year old male with complaints of swelling be CASE DESCRIPTION low chin and oor of mouth pushing the
tongue backwards since 2 days and difculty speaking and swallowing since 1 day and difculty breathing since the past few hours is reported here.
History revealed prolonged warfarin therapy. It was managed conservatively with withdrawal of warfarin and administration of Vitamin K and
FFP. Prolonged warfarin therapy can lead to hematoma formation in the oor of mouth a CONCLUSION- nd neck swelling which can mimic
Ludwig angina. The case can be managed conservatively with careful observation to avoid sudden upper airway obstruction.CLINICAL
SIGNIFICANCE- Reporting of such case is warranted due to the need to create awareness of this life threatening complication of warfarin
therapy, to preclude any diagnostic dilemma and to share our management of this dreaded complication.
THE IMPACT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON SEVERITY OF ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS
Authors: H G M Rudraiah , Chaitanya Godavarthi , S Kandkur Aishwarya
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION: Acute Calculous cholecystitis(ACC) represents >90% of all cases of acute cholecystitis and accounts for 3–11% of hospital
admissions. Obesity is dened as global epidemic by WHO. Obesity is an established risk factor for the cholesterol gallstone and subsequent
cholecystectomy. Despite many reports on association of body-weight to gallstone disease, the effect of body-weight in severity of the cholecystitis
has been rarely reported. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the severity of association between the body mass index and severity of acute
Calculous cholecystitis.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To compare the association of obesity with severity of acute cholecystitis.
2. To study the associated pathological changes in the gall-bladder.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of 18months from October2019-July2021 in the department of generalsurgery, Bapuji Hospital, Chigateri General Hospital, Davangere among 50 obese-patients with acute cholecystitis along with obesity(BMI
>25kg/sq.mt) undergoing cholecystectomy. The data analysis was done using IBM statistical-package for social sciences(IBM SPSS). RESULTS:
The mean age of the study population was 45.22±9.25yrs. The mean BMI of the patients was 29.85±2.76 Kg/sq.mt. 56% were overweight, 38%
were obese classI and 6% were obese classII. Based on Tokyo guidelines2013 on acute cholecystitis in the present study 32% had GradeI (mild),
54% had GradeII (moderate) and 14% cases had GradeIII (severe) cholecystitis. There was a statistical signicant association between BMI and
severity of cholecystitis with more severe cases with increased BMI. Among 50cases posted for laparoscopic-cholecystectomy 18%cases were
converted to open-cholecystectomy. Obesity is a documented risk factor for the forma CONCLUSION: tion of gall-stone and BMI is used as a tool
to measure obesity. In our study we found a positive association of body mass index and severity of acute CALCULOUS cholecystitis
CLINICAL PROFILE OF MELIOIDOSIS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KERALA
Authors: Jacob Abraham Thomas , Anie Jose Reena , Maria Koshy Jency
Published: April 2023

Background: Melioidosis also known as Whitmore's disease is an underreported infectious disease that is endemic to Thailand and parts of
Australia. It is caused by the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia psuedomallei and it has a varied clinical manifestation that can mimic
common infections like Tuberculosis. To analyze the clinical presentation, Aims and Objectives: laboratory parameters and the treatment
outcomes of all cases of Melioidosis presenting to a tertiary care hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using Methodology:
the medical records of all culture proven patients of Melioidosis over a seven-year period from January 2016 to December 2022 There Results:
were 14 males and 3 females in the series. All the patients had diabetes as a comorbidity, while 3 patients had chronic liver disease and 2 had chronic
kidney disease. Majority of the patients presented as an acute febrile illness with either pulmonary involvement or abscess formation at different
sites. Melioidosis is an underdiagnosed emerging infectious disease in Sout Conclusion: h Asia that can have a varied clinical presentation. It
should be suspected in patients with acute febrile illness with either pulmonary involvement or abscess formation especially with a background
history of diabetes mellitus
UTILITY OF S-GENE TARGET FAILURE (SGTF) APPROACH IN THE DETECTION OF OMICRON VARIANT
Authors: Das Rashmita , Karyakarte Rajesh , Yanamandra Sushma , Joshi Suvarna , Potdar Varsha , Karmodiya Krishanpal , Raghunathan Anu
Published: April 2023

Background: With the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern, B.1.1.529 (Omicron), the World Health Organization, in its technical
brieng dated 28th November 2021, had advised the use of the S gene target failure (SGTF) approach as a proxy test for faster screening of Omicron
cases, pending conrmation by sequencing. Therefore, the present study aims to study the utility of the SGTF approach as a marker for early
detection of the Omicron variant. A total of 520 RT-PCR positive RNA samples between 1st Decem Materials and Methods: ber 2021 to 22nd
February 2022 and with a cycle threshold (Ct) value of less than 25 were tested for SGTF and sequenced to identify the SARS-CoV-2 variant. The
results of both tests were entered and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Out of Results: 520 samples sequenced, 43.46% were Omicron sub-lineage
BA.2 followed by 22.50% Omicron sub-lineage BA.1, 16.35% Delta sub-lineages (AY.*), 7.88% Delta (B.1.617.2), 6.54% Omicron B.1.1.529,
1.73% Omicron sub-lineage BA.1.1 and 1.54% other lineages. Among the Omicron samples, SGTF was seen in 88.89% of BA.1 and BA.1.1 each,
in 52.94% and 3.54% of cases of B.1.1.529 and BA.2, respectively. The sensitivity, specicity, positive, and negative predictive values of the SGTF
test for detection of the Omicron variant were 35.75%, 81.34%, 84.66%, and 30.53%, respectively. Wi Conclusion: th the dominance of the BA.2
Omicron sub-lineage during the latter half of the study period, the SGTF approach for early screening of Omicron cases lost its signicance as BA.2
escaped SGTF detection due to the absence of del 69/70 in its spike gene
COMPARISON BETWEEN PRE-EMPTIVE THORACIC EPIDURALANALGESIA VS CONVENTIONAL THORACIC EPIDURALANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING THORACOTOMY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Gohain Marine , Sarma Rushna , Prasad Tayung Raju , Kr Das Karuna , Pegu Safiya
Published: April 2023

Background: Relative effects of timing of providing analgesia, type of surgery of local anaesthetics used for postoperative thoracic epidural
analgesia and the possibility of establishment of pre-emptive analgesia as a superior mode for thoracic epidural analgesia are still in grey zone. In
this observational study, we evaluated the idea of Pre-emptive thoracic epidural analgesia which can counter the post thoracotomy pain through
pain scoring. Objective: To nd out whether pre-emptive thoracic epidural analgesia is superior to conventional postoperative epidural analgesia
for post-thoracotomy pain. Study Design: Observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care,
Assam Medical College and Hospital, from Januray 2022 to January 2023. Methodology:After ethical committee approval and informed consent
from patients, 22 patients undergoing thoracotomy were included in study. Preoperatively thoracic epidural catheter was inserted at T8-9
intervertebral space level. Group P was given 0.5ml/kg of 0.125% bupivacaine before induction of anesthesia; whereas group C was administered
0.5 ml 0.125% bupivacaine after closure of wound in supine position. All patients received thoracic epidural analgesia with a bolus dose of 0.1
ml/kg of 0.125% bupivacaine every 6 hourly post operatively .Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess pain severity at 1 and 24 hours
postoperatively, both at rest and after cough (R1, R24, C1 and C24 respectively). Data were analyzed with SPSS and Microsoft Excel 2010.
Results: There was no statistical difference in demographic prole of both groups in terms of age, gender, American Society of Anaesthesiologists
(ASA) status or type of surgery, complications. Pain was signicantly less in group P at 1hour postoperatively (p=0.0001). However, there was no
difference in pain severity at rest at 24 hours and with cough at 01 hour or 24 hours postoperatively. Conclusion: Pre-emptive thoracic epidural
analgesia provides better pain control in immediate post operative period at rest. However, no such differences were observed in pain scores in
immediate post operative period on coughing. No differences were observed at 24 hours at rest or coughing in both the groups