bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colloidal Filterable Bacteria Enhance Ammonia Nitrogen Enrichment in River Colloids under Different Turbidity Conditions: Bacterial Diversity, Assembly Mechanism, and Nitrogen Transformation
Authors: Niu Lihua , Chen Rui , Li Yi , Chen Yamei , Zhang Wenlong , Zhang Huanjun , Wang Longfei
Published: April 2024

Turbidity has been one of the most typical problems in urban rivers, accompanied by eutrophication. Though the colloid is a nonnegligible factor associated with turbidity and nutrient enrichment in urban rivers, the characteristics of nitrogen enrichment and bacterial communities of colloids under different turbidity conditions of urban rivers have not been well understood. In this study, colloids of low and high molecular weights (LMW, 30 kDa–0.2 μm, and HMW, 0.2–1 μm) were separately collected from the bulk water (<1 μm) of several typical urban rivers in China. Since the colloidal concentration presented the significantly highest correlation with turbidity, colloidal characteristics were further explored under three turbidity gradients with two cutoffs of 10 and 30 NTU. Results showed that colloidal organic matter in medium and high turbidity rivers was mainly sourced from the release of endogenous plankton and the proportion of colloidal organic carbon in dissolved organic carbon increased from 33% to 38% with increased turbidity. Colloidal ammonia nitrogen in medium turbidity accounted for the highest proportion (an average of 60%) in bulk water, which could be explained by the significantly positive correlation of colloidal ester groups and ammonia nitrogen (R2 = 0.47). Bulk water, HMW, and LMW colloids presented different dominant bacterial genera and LMW colloids also contained three unique dominant filterable genera: Flavobacterium, Acinetobacter, and Limnohabitans. LMW colloidal filterable bacteria under medium and high turbidities presented the greatest potential for dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, which might further enhance the enrichment of ammonia nitrogen in colloids. This study provides a primary understanding of the characteristics of colloids and colloidal bacterial communities in urban rivers from the perspective of turbidity and puts a new insight on the remediation of rivers under medium turbidity.
Evaluation of Physicochemical Parameters, Carbamazepine and Diclofenac as Emerging Pollutants in the Machángara River, Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Ibarra Raquel , Bolaños-Guerrón Darío , Cumbal-Flores Luis
Published: April 2024

This study evaluates the pollution of the Machángara River basin in Ecuador. For the assessment, water samples were pumped from the river for 1 to 4 h, with a representative water sample of 4 L collected. In the site and laboratory, the physicochemical parameters, carbamazepine (CBZ), and diclofenac (DIC) concentrations were measured using standardized analytical methods. On average, a temperature of 17.02 °C, pH of 7.06, electrical conductivity of 760.96 µS/cm, and turbidity of 83.43 NTU were found. Furthermore, the average solids content was 72.88, 495.47, and 568.35 mg/L for total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and total solids (TS) in that order. The highest chloride concentration (Cl− = 87.97 mg/L) was below the maximum permissible limit (MPL) based on the Ecuadorian regulations for surface and underground water for human consumption and domestic use, which only require conventional treatment. In contrast, levels of nitrate (NO3− = 27.75–288.25 mg/L) and nitrite in five points (NO2− = 2.02–5.42 mg/L) were higher than the MPLs. Moreover, sulfate (SO42− = 34.75–110 mg/L) and phosphate (PO4−P = 4.15–16.58 mg/L) contents caused turbidity and eutrophication in the river water., Additionally, concentrations of copper (Cu2+ = 0.002–0.071 mg/L), zinc (Zn2+ = 0.001–0.011 mg/L) and iron (Fe3+ = 0.000–0.287 mg/L) were within the permissible limits. On the other hand, carbamazepine concentrations in the Machángara River basin were below the limit of detection (LOD) up to a value of 0.121 mg/L. At the same time, diclofenac levels ranged from 9.32 to 48.05 mg/L. The concentration discrepancy for both pharmaceuticals is linked with the trend of drug consumption by Quito’s inhabitants. As measured in this investigation, meaningful amounts of CBZ and DIC are released to the Machángara River. Accordingly, the two pharmaceuticals in the river water may be dangerous for aquatic species.
Evaluation of Climatological Precipitation Datasets and Their Hydrological Application in the Hablehroud Watershed, Iran
Authors: Salehi Hossein , Gharechelou Saeid , Golian Saeed , Ranjbari Mohammadreza , Ghazi Babak
Published: April 2024

Hydrological modeling is essential for runoff simulations in line with climate studies, especially in remote areas with data scarcity. Advancements in climatic precipitation datasets have improved the accuracy of hydrological modeling. This research aims to evaluate the APHRODITE, PERSIANN-CDR, and ERA5-Land climatic precipitation datasets for the Hablehroud watershed in Iran. The datasets were compared with interpolated ground station precipitation data using the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method. The variable infiltration capacity (VIC) model was utilized to simulate runoff from 1992 to 1996. The results revealed that the APHRODITE and PERSIANN-CDR datasets demonstrated the highest and lowest accuracy, respectively. The sensitivity of the model was analyzed using each precipitation dataset, and model calibration was performed using the Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE). The evaluation of daily runoff simulation based on observed precipitation indicated a KGE value of 0.78 and 0.76 during the calibration and validation periods, respectively. The KGE values at the daily time scale were 0.64 and 0.77 for PERSIANN-CDR data, 0.62 and 0.75 for APHRODITE precipitation data, 0.50 and 0.66 for ERA5-Land precipitation data during the calibration and validation periods, respectively. These results indicate that despite varying sensitivity, climatic precipitation datasets present satisfactory performance, particularly in poorly gauged basins with infrequent historical datasets.
Vacuum laser therapy as part of combined treatment for plaque-induced gingivitis
Authors: Ermoliev S. N. , Agafonova I. S. , Shimanskiy Sh. L. , Atrushkevich V. G.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. The increasing prevalence of plaque-induced gingivitis among the working-age population worldwide is leading to more cases of tooth loss and diminished quality of life, highlighting the need for early intervention in periodontal inflammation. Given the rising resistance of periodontal flora to pharmacological treatments and the potential for macroorganism sensitization, exploring the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions that stimulate adaptive mechanisms in periodontal tissues becomes crucial for managing plaque-induced gingivitis effectively.

Materials and Methods. This investigation details the findings from young adults who consented to participate after being informed about the study's protocol. The focus was on evaluating the clinical and functional health of intact periodontal tissues showing early signs of inflammation at the beginning of the treatment, upon completion, and one month after treatment. In addition to standard periodontal treatment, subjects in the experimental cohort underwent daily vacuum laser therapy sessions using a 650 nm wavelength red laser at a pulse rate of up to 10 Hz. Functional monitoring was performed utilizing vital computer capillaroscopy and dynamic vacuum sampling to evaluate capillary resistance in the microcirculation of periodontal tissues.

Results. Vacuum laser therapy demonstrated significant therapeutic benefits in treating plaque-induced gingivitis, notably reducing the diameter of capillaries by approximately 14.5%. This reduction was attributed to enhanced capillary resistance and normalized microvascular wall permeability. Notably, the time to petechial formation doubled following dosed vacuum application to periodontal tissues, indicating enhanced reticuloendothelial system activity and capillary network regeneration. Patient assessments using the oral health index showed notable improvements in oral hygiene and the absence of inflammation signs.

Conclusion. The study's results affirm the effectiveness of combining vacuum laser therapy with conventional treatment modalities for plaque-induced gingivitis, highlighting its benefits in improving periodontal health without relying on pharmacological interventions.
Development of diabetes complications within coordinated and structured primary health care: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in Germany
Authors: Karimova Kateryna , Friedmacher Catriona Mairi , Lemke Dorothea , Glushan Anastasiya
Published: April 2024

Background

Diabetes mellitus is a growing, costly, and potentially preventable public health issue. In 2004, Germany introduced the GP-centred healthcare programme to strengthen primary care.

Aim

To assess the hazards of the most common diabetes-related complications in patients enrolled in GP-centred health care in comparison with usual primary care.

Design & setting

A retrospective cohort study based on German claims data (4 million members) from 2011–2020.

Method

In total, 217 964 patients with diabetes were monitored from 2011–2020. Endpoints were blindness, amputation, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary heart disease, dialysis, hypoglycaemia, and all-cause mortality. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used for multivariable analysis and adjusted for sociodemographic, practice, and disease-specific characteristics.

Results

Compared with usual care (
n
= 98 609 patients), GP-centred health care (
n
= 119 355 patients) showed a relative risk reduction of blindness of 12%, and amputation of 20% over 10 years. The estimated impact of GP-centred health care on myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery disease, dialysis, and all-cause mortality is significantly favourable in comparison with usual care. However, the proportional risk of hypoglycaemia (+1.2%) in the interventional group is higher than in usual care.

Conclusion

Enrolment in GP-centred health care appears to result in a consistent reduction of the relative risk of diabetes-related complications over 10 years. The significant difference in contrast to usual care may be explained by robust, structured primary care provision, including the diabetes disease management programme, and improved coordination and networking of care within primary and secondary care.
OVERCOMING GLOBAL ECONOMIC CHALLENGES: THE IMPERATIVE OF DIVERSIFICATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University, Al-Hayali D.
Published: April 2024

The global economy has been severely disrupted by the COVID-19 epidemic, revealing weaknesses in supply systems, economic institutions, and trade networks. Following these difficulties, the need of diversification and sustainable development has been prominent as crucial approaches for promoting resilience and cultivating long-term prosperity. This article explores the importance of diversification and sustainable development in tackling and reducing global economic issues. It specifically examines important aspects such as natural resources, trade cooperation, neo-protectionism, Industry 4.0, and corporate sustainability. In light of the disruptions caused by the pandemic, there is a growing recognition of the necessity to diversify resource allocation and manufacturing processes. Nations and sectors that excessively depend on singular suppliers or markets have encountered significant risks, hence intensifying the imperative for diverse supply chains and trade alliances. Moreover, trade cooperation appears as a key for managing economic uncertainty, creating mutual interdependence, and improving resilience against protectionist pressures. Simultaneously, the emergence of neo-protectionism highlights the necessity for a well-rounded strategy that harmonizes domestic concerns with the demands of worldwide interconnectedness. Implementing Industry 4.0 technology provides a means to improve production, efficiency, and flexibility, therefore strengthening competitiveness and resilience in the presence of shocks. Moreover, the incorporation of corporate sustainability concepts into company operations arises as a crucial approach for promoting enduring sustainability and public welfare. Adopting sustainability practices not only reduces environmental harm and social disparities, but also strengthens corporate ability to withstand challenges by promoting creativity, gaining the trust of stakeholders, and improving brand image. By completely addressing these important factors, this article gives insights into the design and execution of sustainable economic policies capable of withstanding shocks and encouraging equitable growth in an ever-evolving global context. Policymakers, entrepreneurs, and stakeholders may create a more resilient, fair, and sustainable economic future by adopting a comprehensive strategy that combines diversification with sustainability. Keywords: Global challenges, diversification, digitalization, sustainable development, natural resources, world economy, economic security, neo-protectionism, COVID-19, Industry 4.0, logistics, "perfect storm"
DIVERSIFICATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS OF THE PRC IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE ONE BELT ONE ROAD INITIATIVE IN A PERFECT STORM
Authors: Generalov O. ,   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Published: April 2024

China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an important initiative to strengthen connectivity and promote economic growth in many countries. China's strategy to stimulate economic growth by diversifying infrastructure investment under the Belt and Road Initiative demonstrates its commitment to promoting connectivity and sustainable development on a global scale. Through a proactive diversification policy, China reduces risks and seizes opportunities, ensuring sustainability and stability in a minimal economic environment. By embracing digitalization and upgrading financial infrastructure, China is accelerating the pace of economic transactions, supporting innovation and promoting inclusive growth along all BRI routes. As China continues to define future global investments under the BRI, its strategic approach offers a model for accelerating economic growth and connectivity across broad territories and populations. This paper examines the methodology of China's strategy to stimulate economic growth through a variety of infrastructure investments under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). He emphasizes the importance of diversification, digitalization and development of financial infrastructure. China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has attracted worldwide attention as one of the most ambitious infrastructure and economic development initiatives in modern history. Since its inception in 2013, the BRI has sought to revive old trade routes, enhance connectivity and develop economic cooperation in Asia, Europe and Africa.By embracing digital innovation and upgrading financial systems, China is expediting economic transactions, fostering innovation, and promoting inclusive growth along all BRI corridors. As China continues to shape the future trajectory of global investments through the BRI, its strategic blueprint serves as a model for accelerating economic growth and connectivity across vast regions and diverse populations. Through a comprehensive examination of China's approach, this paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics driving economic development and connectivity within the context of the Belt and Road Initiative. Keywords: diversification, Belt and Road initiative (BRI), digitalization, perfect storm, infrastructure, COVID-19, logistics, sustainable development.
Diskontinuirani način proizvodnje
umjetne kože na bazi
kožnih vlakanaca
Authors: Prajs Tibor
Published: April 2024

Autor opisuje nekoliko načina tehnološkog procesa proizvodnje umjetne kože po diskontinuiranom načinu proizvodnje. Opisuje karakteristike kvalitete umjetne kože izrađene različitim metodama proizvodnje.
A hidden succession revealed: Cretaceous and Paleocene sediments and a native-iron-bearing lava flow in cores near Qullissat, Disko, West Greenland
Authors: Larsen Lotte Melchior , Pedersen Gunver Krarup , Nøhr-Hansen Henrik , Pedersen Asger Ken , Bojesen-Koefoed Jørgen A , Sørensen Erik Vest , Lindström Sofie
Published: April 2024

Over long stretches of the north-east coast of Qeqertarsuaq (Disko), the sediments in the Nuussuaq Basin and their relations to the volcanic rocks are concealed beneath numerous landslides. Two cores south of Qullissat drilled by Falconbridge Ltd in 1994, targeting a native-iron-bearing igneous body assumed to be a sill, present well-preserved sections through the hidden succession. We have dated the sediments in the cores palynologically. The lower part comprises 115 m of deltaic deposits, including coal seams, of the Cretaceous Atane Formation, Qilakitsoq Member (late Turonian to early Coniacian age), which has not been recorded on Disko before. The two cores and five short coastal cliff sections are mutually correlatable and correlate further to the coal seams earlier mined at Qullissat; the coals are hereby dated for the first time. The Cretaceous rocks are overlain by 15 m of marine deposits, mainly mudstones, of the Danian Eqalulik Formation, with a hiatus of c. 24 million years. The igneous body of native-iron-bearing basaltic andesite has a thick, red-oxidised, vesiculated and brecciated top zone and is interpreted as a subaerial lava flow belonging to the Asuk Member of the Vaigat Formation. The flow has run perhaps up to 20 km from the eruption site to the sea, where it ponded and attained a thickness of 138 m, the thickest lava flow in the West Greenland Basalt Group. The flow is overlain by 22 m of non-marine sandstones and mudstones of the Atanikerluk Formation. The core correlation indicates the existence of a fault with c. 90 m vertical displacement between the two drill sites. The structural relations of the various parts of the Atane Formation along the north-east coast of Disko necessitate the assumption of another hidden, prevolcanic fault south of Qullissaaqqat.
Geodynamic processes in subduction zones and interpretation of grace measurement data
Authors:   Institute of Computational Modeling SB RAS, Simonov K.V. , Rubleva T.V. , Matsulev A.N. ,   Siberian Federal University,   Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology SB RAS
Published: April 2024

The paper discusses the results of studies of the process of preparing catastrophic earthquakes in the subduction zone in combination with the interpretation of measurement data from the GRACE space system (CS) regarding these zones. An analysis of digital maps of gravity anomalies in the form of the spatial distribution of the EWH parameter relative to the corresponding focal areas of the strongest subduction earthquakes that occurred over the past 20 years was performed. It is shown using examples of studying the strongest earthquakes in subduction zones that GRACE CS measurement data can serve as the basis for assessing the stress-strain state of the geoenvironment. At the same time these data make it possible to increase the accuracy and reliability of solving prognostic problems. In particular the productivity of the trigger and barycenter concepts has been confirmed in relation to the identified features of the strongest earthquakes.
Information system for automation control the process of equipping a transport vehicle using intelligent technologies
Authors:   Rostov State Transport University, Ilicheva V.V. , Svetlichny V.V.
Published: April 2024

The paper considers a system for automating accounting operations when completing a transport vehicle with the necessary equipment, which can significantly simplify and optimize the management of preparation for transportation. The proposed method is illustrated by the example of equipping a passenger wagon with removable soft and hard equipment. A mobile application has been developed that, providing interaction between the conductor and the outfitter, allows you to track the equipment of the wagon with property both at the point of formation and during the entire route and take prompt measures to complete the wagon with missing inventory. The created software includes an intelligent chatbot for prompt access to reference information by all users of the application — participants in the process of equipping wagons.
Analysis of options for the complex of transport and technological means interaction for transmitting information to the control system
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepanov P.V. , Sokolov B.V. , Zhang W.-A. , Fu M. ,   College of Information Engineering of Zhejiang University of Technology
Published: April 2024

The article describes the organization of interaction of a complex of autonomous intelligent transport and technological means (ITTS) for the transmission of information to the controlling system. The need for this solution is caused by the fundamental impossibility of implementing a cloud solution based on cellular communications and mobile Internet, due to unstable communication in the airport area, which is random and unpredictable. A variant of interaction is described in which ITTS transmits critical information about its condition and the results of technological operations to other ITTS using them as couriers to deliver information. Possible variants of such interaction and consequences are analyzed. A mechanism is proposed for synchronizing a set of ITTs containing redundant information, both among themselves and with the central system. The mechanism of the synchronization horizon is described. The criteria for choosing the most suitable ITTS are considered on the basis of various information available at each specific time. The concept of zones of stable transmission of information is introduced and a tool for creating a map of such zones is described.
Architecture of the system for vulnerabilities detection and prediction in information systems based on artificial intelligence methods
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Levshun D.S.
Published: April 2024

Network security is one of the most active research directions in the field of information security. This direction includes many approaches, one of which is the construction of attack graphs. When building attack graphs, each device in the network is a node of the graph, while the ability to move across the graph is defined by a network policy as well as by the intruder’s possibility to compromise the corresponding devices. In turn, the possibility of compromising the device is determined by the presence of vulnerabilities in them. The exploitation of vulnerabilities leads to the impact on the attacked system and/or the obtaining of user or admin access rights by the intruder. At the same time, open database data is used to analyze if devices are vulnerable. The problem is that data on many devices is not described in open databases, while the information in such databases may contain errors, be inconsistent and incomplete. The solution to this issue lies in the use of artificial intelligence methods to detect and predict the vulnerabilities of information systems. This paper presents the original architecture of the system that solves this task. The key features of the proposed solution are the use of artificial intelligence methods for predicting unknown results of vulnerability metrics based on known ones, as well as for predicting vulnerability categories for not known as vulnerable devices configurations based on their configuration similarity with vulnerable devices.
Analisis Sentimen Terhadap Opini Publik pada Sosial Media Twitter Menggunakan Metode Support Vector Machine
Authors: Ade Dwi Dayani  , Yuhandri  , Widi Nurcahyo Gunadi
Published: April 2024

Perkembangan topik childfree kini menjadi pembahasan yang ramai diperbincangkan oleh publik. Hangatnya kembali topik childfree di karenakan seorang pegiat sosial media yang memutuskan untuk memilih childfree dan mengemukakannya ke media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sentimen analisis klasifikasi terhadap opini publik pada sosial media twitter. Metode analisis klasifikasi yang digunakan mengadopsi kinerja metode Support Vector Machine (SVM) untuk menyajikan keluaran yang optimal. Dataset penelitian diambil dengan menggunakan teknik crawling yang bersumber dari sosial media Twitter. Dataset penelitian yang diperoleh akan di klasifikasi ke dalam model sentimen positif, negatif, dan netral. Hasil pengujian analisis SVM berdasarkan data sampel diperoleh hasil analisis klasifikasi dengan tingkat akurasi sebesar 69,69%, recall sebesar 45,60%, precision sebesar 51,56%, dan F1-Score 46%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, kinerja analisis SVM menunjukkan performa yang cukup dalam melakukan analisis klasifikasi terhadap opini publik pada sosial media twitter. Penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi dalam memberikan pengetahuan baru dalam pengklasifikasian menggunakan metode Support Vector Machine serta melihat bagaimana perkembangan topik childfree pada media sosial Twitter di Indonesia.
Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Rental Housing Supply Provider and Method on the Housing Market Price Stabilization
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Research Institute, Kwon Hyuk Jin , Choi Mi Ho
Published: April 2024

This study conducted a panel analysis to examine the impact of rental housing supply by type (public/private, built/purchased) on housing market price stabilization at the level of metropolitan city and province level. This study used data from the National Survey of House Price Trends (Korea Real Estate Board) and MOLIT Statistics System (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport) for the period 2013–2021. The main findings of the analysis are as follows. In terms of a provider, publicly rented housings contribute more to price stabilization than privately rented, and in terms of a supply method, purchased-rented housings are better in price stabilization than constructed-rented housings. In terms of renting types, price stabilization effect is strongest in public purchase followed by public construction and private purchase. However, private construction is more likely to drive up prices. This suggests that rather than focusing solely on increasing inventory, rental housing supply policies should include both legal and institutional support and regulation.
Can Risk Preference Lead to Greater Wealth Accumulation?
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Research Institute, Kim Dae Hwan , Lee Dong Hwa
Published: April 2024

Previous research has hinted at the potential influence of risk aversion on asset management decision-making. However, a thorough examination of its precise impact on wealth accumulation is noticeably lacking. In this study, we used balanced panel data from the 2017-2022 National Tax and Benefit Survey to thoroughly investigate the complex relationship between risk preferences and future asset accumulation, with a focus on real estate. Our findings shed light on this topic in several key ways: First, individuals with a higher risk tolerance show a significant increase in future asset growth. Second, the positive correlation between risk preferences and asset growth extends across multiple asset categories, including total assets, real estate holdings, and financial assets. Third, our findings show that fluctuations in real estate assets are the primary cause of changes in overall asset levels. Finally, regardless of the chosen time horizon (short, medium, or long term), individuals with a strong risk tolerance consistently experience increased asset accumulation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that those who accept a certain level of risk and actively participate in investments are more likely to accumulate wealth on average. However, given the pioneering nature of our study into the impact of risk preferences on future assets, further research is imperative to delve deeper into the causal relationship.
Peningkatan Kinerja Usahatani Hortikultura Melalui Pengembangan Pola Kemitraan Agribisnis: Studi Kasus Kelompok Tani Sidoluhur, Desa Cabeyan, Kabupaten Sukoharjo
Authors: Antriyandarti Ernoiz , Melati Nimas Suci Kusuma , Madina Alifa Putri , Sawitri Iis , Dewani Mayang Risti Kusuma
Published: April 2024

The development of horticultural farming through agribusiness partnerships can serve as a solution to farmers' limitations in managing agricultural risks. Partnerships have the potential to improve farming productivity and ensure price certainty. However, in some instances, partnership practices may give rise to issues such as dependency and weakened bargaining power for farmers. This research aims to investigate and analyze the potential for enhancing the performance of horticultural farming through the development of agribusiness partnership models in the Sidoluhur Farmers' Group, Cabeyan Village, Sukoharjo District. The research methodology employed is a descriptive case study involving five key respondents, including a lecturer from Universitas Sebelas Maret, the owner of Spesial Sambal, and farmers engaged in cultivation or responsible for the Sidoluhur Farmers' Group. The case study method allows for in-depth investigation into specific cases and facilitates the development of narratives or stories. The research findings indicate that the established partnership model is a subcontracting pattern involving three parties: the Sidoluhur Farmers' Group, PT Waroeng Spesial Sambal, and Universitas Sebelas Maret. The partnership provides market certainty for the farmers with a stable selling price. Importantly, this partnership does not create dependency on PT Waroeng Spesial Sambal, as farmers are free to market their harvests independently.
Sachunterricht und Natur, Mensch und Gesellschaft – Internationaler Vergleich der Lehrkräftebildung in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz
Authors: Blaseio Beate , Schmidt-Hönig Kerstin
Published: April 2024

Die Lehrkräftebildung Sachunterricht im internationalen Vergleich in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz steht im Beitrag im Mittelpunkt. Das vergleichende Forschungsprojekt kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass es stark unterschiedliche Studienmodelle, Studienzeiten sowie willkürlich erstellte Studieninhalte für den Sachunterricht gibt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Kommunikationsaspekte der Zukunft im Klassenraum
Authors: Andersen Katja , Kihm Pascal , Neuböck-Hubinger Brigitte , Peschel Markus
Published: April 2024

Das Schulbuch, welches umgangssprachlich mancherorts als „geheimer Lehrplan“ bezeichnet wird, steht im Fokus des Beitrages. Die Autor*innen diskutieren am Beispiel des Themas „Schwimmen und Sinken“, welchen Einfluss die Sprache in naturwissenschaftlichen Schulbüchern auf den Erwerb naturwissenschaftlicher Inhalte durch (mehrsprachige) Schüler hat. (DIPF/Orig.)
Vorstellungen von Grundschulkindern zu Sterben und Tod – eine qualitative Untersuchung
Authors: Magdeburg Lena
Published: April 2024

Die Autorin untersucht kindliche Vorstellungen von Sterben und Tod mit Hilfe von Kinderzeichnungen und Einzelinterviews. Erste Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Kinder in den Zeichnungen zum Thema Tod ihre eigenen Prioritäten setzen. (DIPF/Orig.)
Analyse des Modellierprozesses von Grundschüler*innen zum Thema Löslichkeit
Authors: Elsner Julia , Tenberge Claudia , Fechner Sabine
Published: April 2024

Die Autorinnen untersuchen im Rahmen ihrer Prä-Post-Studie mit Viertklässlern, ob der Modellierungsprozess durch analoges Schließen zwischen mehreren Phänomenen unterstützt werden kann, und ob chemische Konzepte zum Thema Löslichkeit erlernt werden können. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Grundschüler*innen ihre mentalen Modelle in einem Modell ausdrücken und teilweise revidieren können. In einigen Fällen werden die Modelle reflektiert und Grenzen erkannt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Wissenschaftliches Denken im vielperspektivischen Sachunterricht
Authors: Laimböck Günther , Stiller Jurik , Pech Detlef , Skorsetz Nina , Kosler Thorsten
Published: April 2024

Die Autor*innen suchen nach Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden perspektivenspezifischer kognitiver Interessen und Werkzeugen und entwickeln daraus ein Modell des wissenschaftlichen Denkens im Sachunterricht. (DIPF/Orig.)
Digitalisierung als Vernetzungsbeispiel im Sachunterricht – Digitalisierung und Vernetzung beim Lernen über Medien
Authors: Würfl Katja , Schmeinck Daniela , Peschel Markus , Irion Thomas , Haider Michael , Gryl Inga
Published: April 2024

Der Beitrag fokussiert Digitalitätsbildung im naturwissenschaftlichen Grundschulunterricht. Die Autor*innen fordern, dass Phänomene der Digitalisierung in der naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung perspektivisch vernetzt behandelt werden sollten, um die digitale Kompetenz von Grundschulkindern zu fördern. Es werden Anforderungen an konzeptionelle Modelle für eine erfolgreiche Integration in den Unterricht genannt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Der Wandel von Schulbuchbildern – Eine Analyse am Beispiel von österreichischen Schulbüchern
Authors: Neuböck-Hubinger Brigitte , Peschel Markus
Published: April 2024

Das Schulbuch als analoges Medium steht im Fokus des Beitrages. Die Autor*innen analysieren, wie grafische Darstellungen in österreichischen Schulbüchern über einen Zeitraum von 50 Jahren, von 1972 bis 2022, verwendet wurden. (DIPF/Orig.)
Diseño de objeto de aprendizaje móvil (OAM) como herramienta para el fortalecimiento de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el Centro de Desarrollo Rural y Minero CEDRUM, SENA Regional Norte de Santander, Colombia, 2022
Authors:   , Torres Jorge
Published: April 2024

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo general: fortalecer los procesos de enseñanza - aprendizaje en el CEDRUM, SENA Regional Norte de Santander, Colombia, a través del diseño de un objeto de aprendizaje móvil (OAM), entendido como una entidad de información digital para ser usada en teléfonos inteligentes, bajo diferentes enfoques de aprendizaje y perspectivas de interacción, con la intención de incorporar componentes de m-learning para hacer más eficientes y efectivas las actividades de enseñanza – aprendizaje en el centro. La innovación se plantea bajo el modelo ADDIE (Belloch, 2013), que consiste en el análisis, diseño, desarrollo, implementación y evaluación de una aplicación, que permita la presentación de las competencias a lograr con sus respectivos contenidos, mediante estrategias pedagógicas interactivas y actividades evaluativas autodirigidas por el aprendiz. En la fase de análisis, se considera la participación de los instructores en la selección de las competencias y contenidos, además de recopilación de información sobre recursos multimedia disponibles. El diseño se hará bajo el enfoque constructivista, creando ambientes lo más cercanos posible a la realidad dirigidos a lograr aprendizajes significativos, que además cumplan los requisitos de reutilización, interoperabilidad, accesibilidad mediante metadatos, almacenamiento en repositorios, durabilidad, autonomía y flexibilidad. La metodología utilizada se enmarco en el enfoque mixto apoyado en el método anidado cuanti-cualitativo, lo cual se trabajó con 90 estudiantes y se obtuvo como resultado que el OAM es un recurso de gran valor para los aprendices e instructores lo que conlleva a un aprendizaje de calidad.
Aproximación conceptual del término “Diseasogenic”, desde una perspectiva urbanística
Authors: Martínez-Castrejón Mariana , Covarrubias-Melgar Felipe , Tapia-Guillén Franco , Verónica-Gasga Cristiana
Published: April 2024

The rapid urban growth in the Anthropocene poses social challenges for well-being. The term "diseasogenic," originating from the Global North, highlights the relationship between cities and health. The objectives of this study were i) to propose the concept of "pathogenic city" as equivalent to "diseasogenic" based on academic publications from the Global South and ii) to provide a unified operational definition within the framework of urban planning. In this systematic review, using Google Scholar, the content of 7 English-language scientific publications containing "diseasogenic" and 9 Spanish-language publications containing "entornos patógenos" and "ciudad patógena" was analyzed from 27 and 16 initially detected scientific publications, respectively. In English, 3 conference papers, 2 book chapters, 1 scientific article, and 1 review article were analyzed. In Spanish, 9 scientific articles were reviewed. This state-of-the-art review on the application, usage, and operational definition of the term 'diseasogenic' from an urban-architectural perspective is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory investigation. The results revealed the relationship between "diseasogenic" and "pathogenic city" and their interaction with urban planning and citizen health management. It is concluded that an emerging definition of urban pathologies fosters identification between the Global North and South, recognizing points of convergence in the impacts of cities on urban and individual health of their occupants regardless of the hemisphere they inhabit.
INFLUENCE OF ULŪL ALBĀB ON SUSTAINING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF SMALL BUSINESSES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mhd Sarif Suhaimi , Ismail Yusof , Zainudin Dolhadi
Published: April 2024

Small businesses in Malaysia encounter difficulties in sustaining their competitive advantage in rapidly evolving markets. To effectively address this problem, owners and strategists of small businesses should possess technical knowledge, intelligence, and strategic insight that is known as ulūl albāb. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of ulūl albāb on the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of strategies by owners and strategists of small businesses in Malaysia, with the goal of sustaining their competitive advantages in a rapidly changing market environment. This study used qualitative research through personal interviews with five owners and strategists of small businesses. The interviews provided valuable insights into their comprehension and utilisation of ulūl albāb characteristics on the decision-making procedures employed by the strategists. The results suggest that although the strategists recognised the significance of ulūl albāb qualities, most of the situation their decision-making process was impacted by emotions and sentiments. The presence of emotional involvement posed difficulties in the preservation of corporate continuity. This findings provides insights on the influence of ulūl albāb characteristics on strategic thinking that led to practical and helpful suggestions for small business owners and strategists. This implies the necessity of implementing training and development initiatives specifically designed to enhance these qualities within practical business environments, hence facilitating the ability of small enterprises to adjust and prosper in highly competitive marketplaces.
EMPLOYMENT CONCEPTS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN CHINA AND ABROAD: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Zhang Ziran , Ahmad Hasan , You Yue
Published: April 2024

Currently, the issue of "employment difficulty" among Chinese college students is quite prevalent. The academic community has previously conducted in-depth research on the employment concepts of college students. This paper examines studies conducted by Chinese and foreign scholars on the employment concepts of college students. The study is a preliminary exploration based on literature reviews, readings, surveys, and perspectives, utilizing library resources such as circulars, books, journals, and websites. The results of the preliminary survey indicate that basic theoretical research and assessment methods in China and abroad are relatively mature, yielding rich outcomes. However, there are still significant issues to be addressed. Through systematic review, this article identifies the following urgent research issues. Firstly, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, presenting new requirements for college students. The new connotation of college students' employment views under these circumstances is still unknown. Secondly, the research object of scholars is more concentrated on the graduates, and few people pay attention to the employment view of current college students. Finally, scholars rarely focus on a specific discipline when studying the employment views of college students.
AN ALGEBRAIC THINKING SKILLS MODULE FOR FORM ONE STUDENTS
Authors: Jahudin Janet , Siew Nyet Moi
Published: April 2024

Algebraic Thinking Skills (KBA) is one aspect of skills that students need to master in order to solve non-routine problems. These skills are also needed as a basis for preparing students to enter university studies and job fields that require logical and analytical thinking. However, the performance of Malaysian students in solving algebraic problems has not yet reached a satisfactory level according to the TIMSS 2019 and PISA 2018 reports. Thus, the Algebraic Thinking Skills Module (MBA) was developed to foster KBA through three constructs namely i) arithmetic generalization, ii) functions, and iii) modeling. MBA is developed based on heuristic methods through Polya absorption Model and digital bar. A bar model is a rectangular illustration constructed to represent known and unknown quantities and relationships between quantities. The digital bar model refers to the free application of the bar model at the link https://mathsbot.com/manipulatives/bar. The KBA test was constructed and administered as a pre- and post-test to 120 Form One students from a rural school in Sabah. The results of the paired sample t-test showed that there was a significant difference in the mean score between the pre-test and the post-test (t(119) = -17.553, p < .05) after the intervention using MBA. This shows that MBA can improve KBA through heuristic methods. This innovation is expected to be developed in rural schools to form students who think algebraically and are literate in digital technology.
MULTICULTURAL ATTITUDE AMONG TEACHERS AND PRESERVICE TEACHERS
Authors: Nik Dahalan Nang Nashirah , Ahmad Yasmin , Makhsin Mardzelah
Published: April 2024

Malaysia is a country with ethnic and cultural diversity. Each race has its own ethnicity and culture. To understand cultural diversity in Malaysia, one of the ways is to have a multicultural attitude. Preservice teachers need to have a positive attitude to teach students from diverse ethnicities and cultures. In the context of education, multicultural attitude is necessary to see the desired qualities for the best teaching in the classroom and not bias against students from minority groups. Preservice teachers who have a positive attitude towards students' cultural diversity will influence their cultural competence.
ASSESSING ATTITUDE TOWARDS BIOLOGY AND ACHIEVEMENT IN CELL DIVISION AMONG RURAL SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Jowinis Avianna , Nyet Moi Siew
Published: April 2024

Understanding cell division in Biology subject is often a challenge for students. The aim of this study was to evaluate rural secondary school students' attitudes toward biology and their achievement in cell division. A total of 249 science students from rural secondary schools participated in the study, which used the cell division test, and biology attitude questionnaire to collect data. The quantitative results showed a slight but significant relationship between students' achievement in cell division and their attitudes toward biology. The results showed a statistically significant but weak correlation between these two variables (r = .398, p < .001). The results can guide the development of pedagogical strategies that promote positive attitudes toward biology and ultimately improve student achievement in cell division in science education.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETENCY MODEL FOR POLITICS AND LAW MAJORS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Liu Xuguang , Abd Hamid Mohd Zolkifli , Royo Mohamad Abdillah
Published: April 2024

In terms of the clarification of the entrepreneurship competency, many entrepreneurship competency models have been built up focusing on what the specific competencies should be included and cultivated. Regarding the heterogeneity in the entrepreneurship competency models in different levels of teaching institutions and for different majors, an in-depth systematic literature review (SLR) of the entrepreneurship competency model from the year 2013 to 2023 was conducted with the purpose to identify the entrepreneurship competencies and construct a conceptual entrepreneurship competency model conform to the characteristics of vocational colleges of political science and law. Pre-defined review protocol with keywords searching strategy and the inclusion/exclusion criteria for the review are clearly established during the review of the databases. After carefully selection process，thirteen out of 893 articles that met the inclusion-exclusion measures were selected for this SLR. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA) are demonstrated in the literature review reporting.This review serves the aim of presenting state of the study results, based on which a conceptual entrepreneurship competency model including aspects of knowledge, skill, thinking ability, personality and humanistic quality is identified and proposed for the politics and law majors.
An insight into variability and association among yield and its components under alkalinity and inland salinity stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Gaddam Shiva Prasad , Katragadda Sumalini , Nelagundarashi Lingaiah , Vindla Sridhar
Published: April 2024

An experiment was conducted to study the variability, correlation, direct and indirect effects of yield and its attributing traits in 36 genotypes and to identify suitable parents for breeding of alkalinity and inland salinity stress tolerant lines at ARS, Kampasagar, Nalgonda during rabi, 2021-22. Analysis of variance revealed plenteous quantum of variation among the tested genotypes. Wide variation, high PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance were observed for seedling mortality, sterility percentage and number of filled grains per panicle. Number of productive tillers/hill and number of filled grains per panicle had a positive and significant correlation with yield whereas seedling mortality and sterility percentage had a negative and significant association with yield. Path analysis inferred that traits such as number of productive tillers/hill, number of grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight had a positive direct effect on yield. Hence,priority should be given to the above mentioned traits to develop alkalinity and inland saline tolerant rice cultivars. Lines CT118911, Sahel177, M202, and KPS10654 were found promising to be utilized as tolerant parents in the breeding programmes.