bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de regulación cognitiva de la emociones (CERQ) en estudiantes universitarios de Lima
Authors: Dominguez Lara Sergio Alexis , Medrano Leonardo
Published: August 2016

El objetivo del presente estudio fue obtener evidencias de validez para el uso del Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ)en universitarios limeños. Se administró la escala a 345 estudiantes (hombres = 26.4%; mujeres = 73.6%) de edad promedio 23.17 años. Se evaluó por medio de análisis factorial confirmatorio el modelo original de nueve factores. Los índices de ajuste encontrados así como un análisis conceptual de los hallazgos sugirieron una reespecificación, eliminando uno de los ítems. Luego de dicho procedimiento se mejoró el ajuste del modelo, aunque fue observada la presencia de covariaciones de fuerte magnitud entre los factores. Posteriormente se examinó la consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente alfa y el coeficiente omega, observándose valores aceptables aunque moderados. Asimismo, se realizaron correlaciones con medidas de cansancio emocional y bienestar psicológico a fin de encontrar evidencias externas de validez, encontrándose correlaciones significativas y coherentes en términos teóricos. De esta manera se corrobora que el CERQ posee propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias para su uso en la población universitaria de Lima.
Comunicación con padres, comportamiento sexual e indicadores de abuso sexual en jóvenes mexicanos con discapacidad visual
Authors: Guevara Benítez Yolanda , Robles Montijo Silvia Susana , Rodríguez Cervantes Martha , Frías Arroyo Beatriz
Published: August 2016

La investigación tuvo dos objetivos: 1) describir el patrón de conducta sexual, indicadores de abuso y nivel de comunicación con padres y con madres, en una muestra de jóvenes mexicanos con discapacidad visual, realizando comparaciones por sexo y debut sexual, y 2) analizar la relación entre la comunicación con padres, el uso del preservativo y la presencia de relaciones sexuales forzadas. Se utilizó un diseño transversaldescriptivo-correlacional-observacional. Participaron voluntariamente 64 jóvenes entre 12 y 26 años de edad. Se aplicaron individualmente cinco instrumentos: 1) Perfil sociodemográfico, 2) Datos familiares y antecedentes de la discapacidad, 3) Patrón de conducta sexual, 4) Escala de comunicación sexual con padres y 5) Escala de comunicación sexual con madres. 70% de los participantes habían tenido relaciones sexuales, 50% tuvo su primera relación antes de los 18 años, 70% no utilizó algún método anticonceptivo. El 41.5% reportó haber tenido tres o más parejas sexuales, 28% un embarazo, 14.6% un aborto, 4.9% una infección de transmisión sexual, 22% indicó haber sufrido abuso sexual en su primera relación y el 14% en subsecuentes. La mayoría contestó que nunca o casi nunca han conversado con sus padres sobre los temas evaluados, y con sus madres lo han hecho con poca frecuencia. Se discute la necesidad de desarrollar más investigaciones y programas preventivos para disminuir situaciones de riesgo en jóvenes con discapacidad.
Factores asociados a ideación suicida en universitarios
Authors: Siabato Macias Elsa Fernanda , Salamanca Camargo Yenny
Published: August 2016

Estudio no experimental de tipo transeccional descriptivo cuyo objetivo fue identificar los factores asociados a ideación suicida en una muestrade 258 universitarios con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 24 años, pertenecientes a una universidad ubicada en el departamento deBoyacá; a partir del inventario de ideación suicida positiva y negativa (PANSI), la Escala de autoevaluación para la depresión de Zung (SDS),la Escala de impulsividad de Barratt (BIS), el Cuestionario de dependencia emocional (CDE), la Escala de eventos vitales estresantes (EEVA)y una ficha sociodemográfica. El análisis de resultados indican que el 31 % de la población participante presentó ideación suicida, hallándosea partir de las pruebas U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal Wallis, que el estado civil unión libre, los eventos vitales estresantes, la dependenciaemocional, la impulsividad y la depresión son factores asociados a ideación en universitarios.
The importance of research for the development of psychological science
Authors: Lolas Stepke Fernando
Published: August 2016

Editorial
Supporting protest movements: the effect of the legitimacy of the claims
Authors: Passini Stefano , Morselli Davide
Published: August 2016

Past research has investigated the motivations behind support to protest actions by mainly focusing on the relationship between the perceptions of protest movements and support itself. The aim of the present research is to extend this research also by considering the qualitative content of the claims advanced by the protesters. We analyzed whether supporting a protest depends on the legitimacy of the advanced claim (i.e. in terms of adherence to democratic principles) or on the legitimacy attributed to that group. One hundred and eighty Italian citizens (45.9 % women; M age = 41.64, SD = 13.69) responded to an online questionnaire concerning a protest movement. The design included 2×2 conditions: non-threatening vs. threatening type of group and unbound vs. restricted protesters’ claims. The results showed that support given to the protest is overlooked when the group is perceived as more threatening. However, the perception of the protest group has no effect on value-oriented participants who instead focus on the claims.
The short index of self-actualization: a factor analysis study in an Italian sample
Authors: Faraci Palmira , Cannistraci Simona
Published: August 2016

The concept of self-actualization has been the subject of much theoretical speculation over the years. The essential meaning entails the discovery of the real self and its expression and development. As for the instruments available to measure the construct, there are currently several scales considered to be suitable to this end. However, many of these have been considered too long or presented problems with inadequate validation. This is the reason why a short index of self-actualization has been developed (Jones & Crandall, 1986). This index, best known as the Short Index of Self-Actualization or the Self-Actualization Scale (SAS), is now a widely used short form to measure self-actualization. The present study provides a psychometric analysis of the SAS, in order to highlight its strengths and weaknesses and to offer a starting point to a further and broaden investigation.
Empathy and sympathy as mediators between parental inductive discipline and prosocial behavior in Colombian families
Authors: Guevara Ivon Paola , Cabrera Victoria Eugenia , Rocío Gonzalez Martha , Devis Jose Vicente
Published: August 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the mediation of adolescent empathy and sympathy between parental inductive discipline and adolescent prosocial behavior, as well as to understand whether there are differences between male and female adolescents regarding moral emotions and prosocial behavior and differences between fathers and mothers regarding inductive discipline. The study enrolled 717 participants: 239 fathers, 239 mothers, and one adolescent child of each paired mother and father. Two models of mediation were undertaken, one for empathy and another for sympathy, both resulted statistically significant. Significant differences were also found between male and female adolescents in empathy but not in sympathy or prosocial behavior; specifically, female adolescents tended to be more empathetic than male adolescents. We suggest future studies focus on prosocial behavior associated with parental socioeconomic and educational levels.
Psychometric properties and structural validity of the short version of the personality beliefs questionnaire (PBQ-SF)
Authors: Manrique Hernández Rubén Darío , Moratto Vasquez Nadia Semenova
Published: August 2016

The Personality Belief Questionnaire- Short Form (PBQ-SF) is an assessment instrument of personality beliefs based on the cognitive theory that states that these are characterized by a specific pattern of dysfunctional thoughts. The objective of this study was to establish the psychometric properties and structural validity of the PBQ-SF questionnaire in Colombian adults from 18 to 35 years old. To carry out the above and with permission of the author the validation process was initiated following a thorough and rigorous process that led to a final version of the PBQ-SF applied to 1423 persons born in Colombia and living in nine Colombian cities. Analysis of internal consistency among the items (Cronbach´s alpha), confirmatory factor analysis and calculus of goodness of fit estimators were performed. It was found that the Internal consistency of the domains varied from 0,65 for avoidant disorder up to 0,83 for paranoid disorder.
Inhibitory processes and cognitive flexibility: evidence for the theory of attentional inertia
Authors: Introzzi Isabel , Canet-Juric Lorena , Montes Silvana , López Soledad , Mascarello Graziella
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to discriminate the differential contribution of different inhibitory processes -perceptual, cognitive and behavioral inhibition- to switching cost effect associated with alternation cognitive tasks. A correlational design was used. Several experimental paradigms (e.g., Stop signal, visual search, Stemberg´s experimental and Simon paradigm) were adapted and included in a computerized program called TAC (Introzzi & Canet Juric, 2014) to the assessment of the different cognitive processes. The final sample consisted of 45 adults (18-50 years). Perceptual and behavioral inhibition shows moderate and low correlations with attentional cost, cognitive inhibition shows no relation with flexibility and only perceptual inhibition predicts switching costs effects, suggesting that different inhibitory processes contribute differentially to switch cost. This could be interpreted as evidence to Attentional Inertia Theory main argument which postulates that inhibition plays an essential role in the ability to flexibly switch between tasks and/or representations.
Influence of previous knowledge in Torrance tests of creative thinking
Authors: Aranguren María
Published: August 2016

The aim of this work is to analyze the influence of study field, expertise and recreational activities participation in Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT, 1974) performance. Several hypotheses were postulated to explore the possible effects of previous knowledge in TTCT verbal and TTCT figural university students’ outcomes. Participants in this study included 418 students from five study fields: Psychology; Philosophy and Literature, Music; Engineering; and Journalism and Advertising (Communication Sciences). Results found in this research seem to indicate that there in none influence of the study field, expertise and recreational activities participation in neither of the TTCT tests. Instead, the findings seem to suggest some kind of interaction between certain skills needed to succeed in specific studies fields and performance on creativity tests, such as the TTCT. These results imply that TTCT is a useful and valid instrument to measure creativity and that some cognitive process involved in innovative thinking can be promoted using different intervention programs in schools and universities regardless the students study field.
What do your eyes say? Bridging eye movements to consumer behavior
Authors: Rosa Pedro
Published: August 2016

Eye tracking (ET) is a technique that has been progressively employed to study the influence of visual stimuli on attentional processes and consumer behavior. The goals of the present theoretical article are fourfold and are based on an extensive literature revision,. First, a brief historical review of ET methodology is introduced, presenting the evolution of ET techniques from the ancient proto-eye trackers to the “fresh” state-of-theart eye ET devices. Second, the basics of ET are clarified through a simplified technical and mathematical explanation. Third, the triad eye movement-attention-consumer behavior is made clear, grounded on attention, interest, desire, and action (AIDA) theoretical model. Fourth, the most used oculometrics in marketing studies are explained and distinguished The present article addresses a number of technical and methodological issues by discussing challenges involved in ET systems and giving some guidelines for those who intend to apply ET to infer cognitive and emotional processes.
Neurocognitive endophenotypes: an update on the Field.
Authors: Cuartas Arias Jorge Mauricio , Londoño Douglas
Published: August 2016

Editorial
Implicit measures of environmental attitudes: a comparative study
Authors: Sánchez Martha Patricia , De la Garza González Arturo , Hedlefs María Isolde
Published: August 2016

The present investigation aims to inquire about the capacity of three implicit instruments to measure the attitude toward natural and urban environments. One hundred and three students from a Mexican public university participated in the investigation. The implicit instruments used were the affective priming technique, the implicit association test, and the affect misattribution procedure. Further, an explicit scale was used for comparison. The results showed that all instruments converge in the same way; the nature images were viewed as more pleasant compared to the city images. Also, most results indicated good effect size values, observed power, and reliability, with the exception of the affective priming technique, which established low values. In addition, all instruments indicated weak correlations between each other. The results were discussed in terms of the capacity of the instruments to measure environmental attitudes, and also possible theoretical and methodological implications.
Design and psychometric analysis of the hopelessness and suicide ideation inventory “IDIS”
Authors: Toro Tobar Ronald Alberto , Avendaño Prieto Bertha Lucía , Castrillón Diego Alonso
Published: August 2016

The objective was to design the Hopeless and Suicide Ideation Inventory, also know as IDIS - Spanish acronym for Inventario de Desesperanza e Ideación Suicida - and to analyze its psychometric properties. A quantitative empirical research was conducted employing a non-experimental design, an instrumental variable and cross-sectional analysis. Three hundred and thirty-nine people participated in the study (67.6% females, 31.6% males), in which 54.6% were students and 34.8% were employees. Participants completed the IDIS, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory, and the Beck Hopelessness Scale. The results indicated an inter-rater reliability and a positive convergent validity in both scales. Suicidal ideation revealed an internal consistency of α = .76, and α = .81 for hopelessness; a total variance of 41.77% and 47.52% was obtained correspondingly. Based on the Item Response Theory (IRT), the adjustments for INFIT and OUTFIT fell under the expected range. It was concluded that the IDIS is a reliable and valid measure, however, further evaluations on sensitivity and specificity are encouraged
Strategic analysis of collaboration between national and multinational companies of software in Colombia using dynamics system
Authors: Villalba Morales Maria Luisa , Robledo Velásquez Jorge , Builes Beltrán Claudia
Published: August 2016

The multinationals software companies are economic agents with the potential of affecting drastically the dynamics of development of the domestic industry in this sector. These effects depend on the type of relationship (competition or cooperation) between the companies. On the relationship of competition, the literature reveals progress in their systemic understanding. However, the analysis of collaborative behavior among national and multinational software companies and their effects on the development of the latter has advanced little, being notable in the literature the absence of simulation models to analyze the phenomenon. The purpose of this work is to make a contribution in this way, using the system dynamics as a methodological approach. The results obtained demonstrate the conditions favorable and unfavorable to the establishment of a relationship of collaboration with multinational, leading to a better understanding of the phenomenon under study and facilitating the formulation and implementation of most successful growth strategies of the industry
Potential biomarkers in personality disorders: current state and future research
Authors: Valencia Piedrahita Manuela , Cuartas Arias Jorge Mauricio
Published: August 2016

This review article presents the most appropriate strategies for examining the phenotype for personality disorders. At present there are many neurobiological and molecular studies that suggest a genetic predisposition to different traits representative of expressed personality disorders. Nonetheless, it has not been possible to accurately and successfully replicate such results due to some difficulties regarding the sensitivity, specificity and validity of the clinical evaluation methods, and the size and type of the chosen population and experimental designs used for research. Unfortunately, diagnoses done in psychiatry and psychology have a classification system based on the prevalence and intensity of symptoms and do not take into account the etiology, neurobiology, epidemiology, genetics, and drug responses.  On the other hand, explaining the phenomenology of personality disorderes and how genes work together to express this phenotype implies a revision of the chaos theory, addressing the connection between neurodevelopment, significantly stressful events during early childhood and epigenetic modifications in DNA related to stochastic events which may contribute to the development of normal or abnormal behavior
Community strategic relationship and marketing to foster the development of communities and the sustainability of organizations
Authors: Juárez Fernando
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study was to define community strategic relationship and marketing (CSRM) as a relevant tool to foster the development of communities and the sustainability of organizations. The method was rationalist, theoretical, and conceptual; it comprised the analysis of a propositional structure. Articulated propositions provided a framework for analysis, discussion, and conclusions. After giving a definition of CSRM, several analyses were conducted that determined the uniqueness and usefulness of this approach. These analyses were: 1) the usefulness of the community concepts and strategies in CSRM, 2) the existence of a community approach to different strategic areas or marketing, and 3) the relevance of the use of community concepts and strategies to foster the development of communities and the sustainability of organizations. The conclusion was that CSRM and the use of these concepts and strategies have the potential to be a fruitful research and strategic approach in marketing and in all of organization activities.
"Kioscos Vive Digital": una estrategia digital y de conectividad para promover la inclusión social en comunidades rurales en Colombia.
Authors: Builes Beltrán Claudia Y
Published: August 2016

Este artículo explora los alcances de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la recuperación del tejido social y el desarrollo de comunidades rurales apartadas, de veredas y corregimientos, con poco acceso a recursos informáticos y de conectividad en Colombia. Un modelo que ha sido implementado exitosamente en Suramérica, y que contribuye al desarrollo de procesos de inclusión social a partir del acceso a las comunidades digitales, a la educación virtual y a las redes sociales como mecanismos de conectividad, que favorecen referentes identitarios y que proveen el desarrollo social con equidad. Para esto, los “Kioscos Vive Digital”, se constituyen en una estrategia de acceso a la conectividad en función de la recuperación de las comunidades a través de la interacción en un escenario virtual probado propositivamente por la Psicologia social y las neurociencias, y que beneficia la consolidación de redes sociales y la entrada a la información como eje central para el equilibrio y la inclusión social
validation of the achievement goal questionnaire – revised in Argentinean university students (A-AGQ-R)
Authors: Sánchez Rosas Javier
Published: August 2016

The psychometric properties of a Spanish adaptation of the AGQ-R (Elliot & Murayama, 2008) were tested in a sample of Argentinean university students (292). The hypothesized factor and dimensional structures of the measure were confirmed and shown to be superior to a host of alternatives. Each of the four achievement goal factors had a high degree of internal consistency. Effects of the four achievement goals scales on task value, social academic self-efficacy, enjoyment, shame, and academic performance, provided support to utility of the scales. The A-AGQ-R provides a measure that attested valid and reliable scores. Finally, these findings provide a validated version of the AGQ-R for its use in Argentinean university students.
The effect of intergroup threat and social identity salience on the belief in conspiracy theories over terrorism in indonesia: collective angst as a mediator
Authors: Mashuri Ali , Zaduqisti Esti
Published: August 2016

The present study tested how intergroup threat (high versus low) and social identity as a Muslim (salient versus non-salient) affected belief in conspiracy theories. Data among Indonesian Muslim students (N = 139) from this study demonstrated that intergroup threat and social identity salience interacted to influence belief in conspiracy theories. High intergroup threat triggered greater belief in conspiracy theories than low intergroup threat, more prominently in the condition in which participants’ Muslim identity was made salient. Collective angst also proved to mediate the effect of intergroup threat on the belief. However, in line with the prediction, evidence of this mediation effect of collective angst was only on the salient social identity condition. Discussions on these research findings build on both theoretical and practical implications.
Intergroup anxiety, cultural sensitivity and socio-cultural diverse leaders’ effectiveness
Authors: Lupano Peruginni María Laura , Castro Solano Alejandro
Published: August 2016

This intended to analyze differences in the level of perception –of general population participants- in regards to leaders with diverse socio-cultural characteristics (gender, sexual orientation, religious affiliation, nationality) and also verify by means of structural equations, the influence of intergroup anxiety and the cultural sensitivity in terms of the level of effectiveness perception. Participants: 481 adults from Argentina (52.8% female, 47.2% male; age average = 35.45 years old). Instruments: Intergroup Anxiety scale, Cultural Sensitivity scale, and an ad hoc protocol designed to assess level of effectiveness perception in socio-culturally diverse leaders. Results: Differences in the level of perception of effectiveness according to sociocultural characteristics could not be confirmed. However, a direct effect of cultural sensitivity and an indirect effect of intergroup anxiety on the levels of effectiveness perception were confirmed. This work contributes to previous studies on prejudice and leadership.
Propiedades psicométricas del inventario de búsqueda de sensaciones para adolescentes en México (IBS-Mx)
Authors: Palacios Delgado Jorge Raúl
Published: August 2016

La búsqueda de sensaciones es un rasgo de personalidad que se refiere a la necesidad de buscar nuevas experiencias y sensaciones. Se desarrolló un nuevo inventario para medir éste rasgo como una expresión bioconductual de la personalidad. Los objetivos de la presente investigación fueron determinar las propiedades psicométricas (estructura factorial, validez y consistencia interna) de un nuevo inventario para medir búsqueda de sensaciones, así como evaluar su validez referida a un criterio y obtener baremos normativos en una muestra de adolescentes mexicanos. Se seleccionó una muestra de 550 jóvenes, 260 hombres y 290 mujeres, entre 14 y 23 años, estudiantes de bachillerato de la Ciudad de México. Los análisis psicométricos mostraron ocho dimensiones, cuatro similares a las reportadas por Zuckerman: búsqueda de emociones intensas, búsqueda de experiencias y aventura, desinhibición y susceptibilidad al aburrimiento y cuatro nuevas dimensiones nombradas búsqueda de placer, búsqueda de riesgo, búsqueda de novedad y búsqueda de lo inusual. Adicionalmente los hombres puntúan significativamente más que las mujeres en el total de la búsqueda de sensaciones y en seis subescalas. La discusión analiza la utilidad del nuevo inventario para la evaluación de la búsqueda de sensaciones y de sus dimensiones en adolescentes.
Effects of state and trait anxiety on selective attention to threatening stimuli in a non-clinical sample of school children
Authors: Ortega Marín Jeniffer , Jiménez Solanilla Karim , Acosta Barreto Rocio
Published: August 2016

Attentional biases, consisting of a preferential processing of threatening stimuli, have been found in anxious adults as predicted by several cognitive models. However, studies with non-clinical samples of children have provided mixed results. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effects of state and trait anxiety on the selective attention towards threatening stimuli in a non-clinical sample of school children (age: 8 to 13, n = 110) using the dot-probe task. This study did not reveal an effect of trait anxiety on selective attention towards threatening stimuli. However, a significant difference was found between participants with low state anxiety and high state anxiety. Nevertheless, the effect size was small. Specifically, participants with low state anxiety showed a bias towards threatening stimuli. Overall, the findings of this research with a non-clinical sample of school children suggest that attentional biases towards threatening information, which has been repeatedly found in anxious adults, are not necessarily inherent to non-clinical anxiety in children and on the other hand, the relationship between attentional biases and anxiety in this population might be moderated by other cognitive processes.
Bibliometric analysis of interventions with batterers in spain
Authors: Ferrer-Perez Victoria A. , Bosch-Fiol Esperanza
Published: August 2016

This study analyse the evolution and characteristics of scientific production on intervention programmes with gender violence perpetrators performed in Spain. The standard bibliometric indicators were applied to 148 studies identified. The greatest productivity is focused between 2008 and 2010 and the largest number of records corresponds to articles in specialised scientific journals. As far as authorship is concerned, an analysis of the number of studies per person indicates that the results obtained are only initially consistent with Lotka’s Law, that is, there are a majority of not very productive authors and a minority who publish frequently, but the data do not fit this law. An analysis of collaboration between authors enables us to determine the existence of one “Social Circle” or “Invisible College”, at least. Most of the records analysed focus on the description of one or several intervention programmes with men who abuse their partner. Results show that there are progressively more evidence based studies on batterers and their treatment.
Examining materialistic values of university students in thailand
Authors: Likitapiwat Tanakorn , Sereetrakul Wilailuk , Wichadee Saovapa
Published: August 2016

The purposes of this study were to classify university students in terms of their materialism and to compare the difference in certain attributes among the segments. Student attributes taken into consideration included father’s educational level and occupation, money received from family, family communication and susceptibility to peer influence. In this survey research, questionnaires were used to collect data from 620 students ranging from 18 to 21 years old in Bangkok. Cluster analysis was used where students could be classified into three clusters: those who believe that money is the center of life (centrality); those who believe that money is a measure of success in life (success); and those who believe that money makes a happy life (happiness). Students from the three clusters appeared to be of different attributes. Those in the centrality group are from poorer family while those in the success cluster are from a family with better financial status, and those in the happiness cluster are more susceptible to peer influence than the other two groups. The implications of the study were discussed as a concluding remark.
Cognition and inflammation: “the role of cytokines in cognitive performance”
Authors: Cuartas Arias Jorge Mauricio
Published: August 2016

The interactions between the immune system and nervous system have been the focus of research in recent years. Perhaps due to the discovery and acknowledgement of the multiple functions that cytokines carry out in the central nervous system (CNS), going from mediators of neuropathologic processes to the degeneration and repair within the CNS.
A motor imagery during blind action is guided by the same foci of attention as actual performance in a sample comprising females
Authors: Khalaf Bassem
Published: August 2016

There is strong evidence that focussing on the goal of an action improves performance relative to focussing on the concrete motor behaviours. The current study tests whether blind action guided by imagery relies on the same foci of attention. Thirty female participants took part in an experiment. In each condition there were 20 trials, they were asked to close their eyes and draw a straight line between two landmarks on a graphics tablet. We instructed them, in three conditions, to focus on (1) mental imagery of the goal landmark (external focus of attention), (2) drawing a straight line with the fingers (internal focus), or (3) without a specific focus of attention (control). We tested to what extent these attention instructions affected drawing performance, in terms of both deviations of the participants’ lines from an ideal straight line, and the time it took to complete the line. The study revealed that the manipulation specifically affected the deviation measure and that an external focus of attention was better than an internal focus and the control condition. These findings reveal that that mental imagery during blind action relies on same processes as actual performance. These data give perceptual representations of a direct role in motor control. They will be related to current theories of action control (constrained action hypothesis, ideomotor theories, and dual task accounts).
A passionate way of being: a qualitative study revealing the passion spiral
Authors: M. Halonen Susanna , Lomas Tim
Published: August 2016

Being engaged in an activity one is passionate about has been tied to feeling life is worth living for. Existing research in passion has explored this phenomenon purely using quantitative research methodology, and by tying an individual’s passion to a specific activity. In this study, passion was explored in semi-structured interviews with 12 participants. The qualitative grounded theory analysis revealed a passionate way of being, with passion being located in the individual rather than in a specific activity. A new phenomenon to positive psychology, a passionate way of being is about having a purpose, creating positive impact, and pursuing variety. These key elements, amongst others, created a reinforcing, self-sustaining spiral, which offered a route to hedonic and eudaimonic happiness, generally serving to enhance life (though it could also detract from life if it became overpowering).
Dental anxiety in relation to aggressive characteristics of patients
Authors: Mento Carmela , Gitto Lara , Liotta Marco , A. Muscatello Maria Rosaria , Bruno Antonio , Settineri Salvatore
Published: August 2016

Dental anxiety is defined as the response to a stressful stimulus that is specific to a dental context. The dental treatment itself may provoke excitation and aggressive response relating to multiple sources of motivation that have been examined by the literature.The hypothesis to test in the present paper is to what extent dental anxiety can be explained by looking at patients’ characteristics solely or by considering latent aggressiveness that could be manifested before and during the dental treatment.The results of the study should give some indications to dentists to better understand the presence of a greater or lesser anxiety associated with orthodontic treatment in order to provide an appropriate assistance and, eventually, to help patients in developing coping strategies. As a consequence, it should be clear how intervening on each component of dental anxiety and/or aggressiveness may have a positive impact on the outcome of dental treatment.
The historic importance of L. S. Vygotsky’s “the psychology of art” and some problems of modern psychological and pedagogical field
Authors: Khinkanina Alla
Published: August 2016

The article deals with the importance of L. S. Vygotsky’s paper “The Psychology of Art” in the present time. The shortage of ideal values is the reality of this time that in a certain way arises the issues of children and young people’s cultural evolution. Cultural and historic theory of L. S. Vygotsky touches this problem in a special way. It is the influence of art and culture, psychological and pedagogical processes that is a key element of the personality’s evolution. L. S. Vygotsky’s approach that appeared at a historic period of disturbances in the Soviet state is a fructiferous tree. This tree has a special branch that is an ethical choice between the good and evil.
The community in business: strategic relationship between companies and environment and marketing
Authors: Juárez Acosta Fernando
Published: August 2016

Community language is not unrelated to companies (Chaston & Mangles, 2001), which define their activities as a benefit for community through sales of products or services. They also use in the social responsibility activities (Kakabadse, Rozuel, & Lee-Davies, 2005; Korhonen, 2002) in the community-corporation involvement (Burke, 1999) that adds value to the latter ones (Rochlin, & Christoffer, 2000, p.1) in regards to the social marketing (Whitcombe, 2009) aiming to the elimination of barriers that hamper the implementation of social programs (McKenzie-Mohr, 2000a, 2000b), or, with a strategic view, in regards to the shared value that benefits community and companies at the same time (Porter & Kramer, 2011). There are, of course, many other ways to incorporate such language in companies.
Psychosocial functioning in the elderly: an assessment of self-concept and depression
Authors: Grace Nicci , R. Toukhsati Samia
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between self-concept and depression in elderly people living in Residential Aged Care (RAC) settings. Forty-five residents, comprising 17 males and 28 females (M = 82.64 years, SD = 8.38 years), were recruited from 10 low-care, RAC facilities in Melbourne, Australia. Participants completed the Geriatric Depression Scale – Short Form and the Tennessee Self Concept Scale: 2. The results revealed that all self-concept domains were significantly lower in RAC residents in comparison to norms drawn from community dwelling samples (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant inverse relationship between depression and self-concept domains (p < 0.05) was observed in RAC residents, with 28.8% of the variance in depression scores accounted for by Physical Self Concept. These findings identify self-concept, particularly physical self-concept, as an important predictor of psychosocial well-being in elderly RAC residents. Further research is needed to examine the efficacy of psychosocial and rehabilitative interventions to optimise self-concept in RAC residents.
Caregiver's burden and quality of life: caring for physical and mental illness
Authors: Settineri Salvatore , Rizzo Amelia , Liotta Marco , Mento Carmela
Published: August 2016

Several studies have been focused on the quality of life of caregivers caring for patients with exclusively physical or mental diseases, but little is known about the differences related to the burden experienced.This study had as its subject the burden of caregivers and their quality of life involved in helping patients with diseases (1) physical, (2) mental and (3) both pathological conditions. We interviewed 294 caregivers of outpatients undergoing physiotherapic, psychiatric and neuroriabilitative treatment. The evaluation was carried out with three instruments: an informative questionnaire, the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) and the Quality of Life Index (QoL -I).Results show that both the burden and the quality of life are significantly worse for caregivers who care for patients with both physical and mental diseases. Caregivers most disadvantaged are those who indicate as a reason of care the sense of duty rather than the affection. Finally, the sons and daughters, differently from the parents, showed a greater burden of required time and a lower quality of life.The investigation of the motivational aspects of the caregivers and the increased knowledge of the differences between the emotional experience of parents and children can contribute to the definition of more specific psycho-educational interventions and support.
Paradoxical personality scale: its development and construct validity analysis
Authors: Freiberg Hoffmann Agustín , De la Iglesia Guadalupe , Beatriz Stover Juliana , Fernández Liporace Mercedes
Published: August 2016

The development and construct validation process of the Paradoxical Personality Scale is presented in this paper. The concept assessed has been posed by Csikszentmihalyi (1996) and was described as related to creative individuals. Following his guidelines, 150 items were designed and judged by five experts, and later analysed from a facies standpoint. The resulting version was used in a sample of college students (n=473; 50.5% males, 49.5% females) from 18 to 35 years (= 21.82; DT= 3.14), to explore underlying dimensions. A 30item/6-factor solution was firstly isolated and after confirmed by a confirmatory factor analysis developed with 800 college students (44.4% males, 55.6% females), between18 and 35 years (= 23.47; DT= 3.30). Both samples were selected from the population of college students from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Internal consistency and temporal stability of scores were also tested, obtaining adequate coefficients in both cases, in view of the composition of the dimensions underlying the construct analysed. Results show acceptable psychometric properties as well as shortness and simplicity for data gathering, which are discussed taking into account theoretical models and new research lines.
Evidences of reliability and validity of the dispositional envy scale in Argentinian samples
Authors: Mola Débora Jeannette , Analía Saavedra Bianca , Reyna Cecilia
Published: August 2016

The emotional experience of envy goes through different cultures. However, few instruments have been developed for its measurement. Smith et al. (1999) proposed the Dispositional Envy Scale (DES), which has shown good validity properties, stability and internal consistency in psychometric studies conducted with U.S. and Brazilian samples. This research aimed at evaluating the psychometric properties of validity and reliability of the DES with samples of participants from Cordoba, Argentina, university students (n = 399) and adults from general population (n = 316). Furthermore, the Psychological Entitlement Scale and the Subjective Happiness Scale were applied. Analysis of exploratory and confirmatory factor structure provided evidence about the unidimensionality of the scale. Evidence of adequate internal consistency was obtained. Besides, envy was positively related to entitlement and it was negatively related to subjective happiness.
Limitations of evolutionary theory in explaining marital satisfaction and stability of couple relationships
Authors: Cabrera García Victoria , Aya Gómez Viviana
Published: August 2016

The explanation of marital satisfaction and stability in trajectories of couple relationships has been the central interest in different studies (Karney, Bradbury. & Johnson, 1999; Sabatelli & Ripoll, 2004; Schoebi, Karney & Bradbury, 2012). However, there are still several questions and unknown aspects surrounding the topic. Within this context, the present reflection seeks to analyze whether the principles of Evolutionary Theory suffice to explain three marital trajectories in terms of satisfaction and stability. With this in mind, we have included other explanations proposed by the Psychosocial Theory that Evolutionary Theory does not refer to in order to better understand mating behavior. Moreover, other factors that could account for satisfied and stable relationships were analyzed. Suggestions for future investigations include the analysis of other marital trajectories that may or may not end in separation or divorce but are not included in this article.
The leader and the cooperation strength
Authors: Cuartas Arias Jorge Mauricio
Published: August 2016

Cooperation, which is defined in a general way as a behavior that involves a benefit for others, is a phenomenon widespread in nature without being exclusive of humans. Cooperation advantages are unquestionable; this behavior provides strategies that facilitate adaptation and constitute the main aspect of the current organizational dynamics. Although cooperation has its origins in human evolution as a behavior that favored survival, the social roles transformation suggests understanding the cooperation strength beyond the reciprocal altruism.
The prediction of criminal recidivism using routinely available file information
Authors: Fries Diana , Rossegger Astrid , Endrass Jérôme , Singh Jay P.
Published: August 2016

Objective. The aim of the present study was to cross-validate the investigation of Buchanan and Leese (2006) into the prediction of criminal recidivism. Method. The sample comprised offenders in the criminal justice system of the Canton of Zürich – Switzerland, who were discharged to the community. Participants were followed, and evidence of subsequent charges and convictions for both general and serious recidivism was investigated at fixed periods of 2.5, 6.5, and 10.5 years. The predictive validity of socio-demographic, criminal history, and legal class information was assessed using logistic regression as well as log-likelihood, receiver operating characteristic curve, and contingency analyses. Results. A multivariable model including age and criminal history information was found to produce the highest rates of predictive validity for general and serious recidivism. Conclusion. Information regularly accessible in forensic practice may be able to guide clinicians as to the recidivism risk level of their patients.
Propiedades psicométricas del Test de Adjetivos de Pitcher para la evaluación del liderazgo
Authors: Juárez Fernando , Contreras Francoise , Barbosa David
Published: August 2016

Se obtuvieron las propiedades psicométricas de Test de Adjetivos de Pitcher (TAP) para evaluar el liderazgo. Participaron 400 trabajadores del sector salud, de las ciudades de Bogotá, Cali, Bucaramanga y Barranquilla, en Colombia. Mediante un modelo logístico con los parámetros de dificultad y discriminación se analizaron las propiedades de los ítems. La función de información del test resultó más informativa en los niveles intermedios (entre -1.4 y 1.6); los indicadores de dificultad y discriminación fueron adecuados. El coeficiente de confiabilidad marginal fue de .94. Un análisis de correspondencias múltiples arrojó una solución de dos dimensiones de liderazgo y mediante un análisis de clases latentes con un modelo de crédito parcial, se obtuvo una clasificación de los participantes en tres estilos de liderazgo. De acuerdo con esto, se concluye que las propiedades psicométricas son adecuadas, por lo que el Test de Adjetivos de Pitcher resulta de interés, ofreciendo una clasificación que no obedece a las habitualmente utilizadas.
The role of collective memory in emotional recovery of political violence in Colombia
Authors: Villa Gómez Juan David
Published: August 2016

This article enquires about the role of collective memory events of political violence victims of some organizations in three regions of Colombia, eastern Antioquia, southern Cordoba, and Medellin city on the processes of subjective and emotional transformations. It is made from a psychosocial perspective using a hermeneutic phenomenology approach. Life stories were developed with in-depth interviews to 32 people (26 women and 6 men) of Eastern Antioquia, 13 people in southern Córdoba (10 women and 3 men) and 13 mothers of Candelaria; 4 women life stories of the three regions studied; and 19 focus groups with participants of victims processes of the three regions. All these stories were transcribed and analyzed by the categorical analysis method by matrix. Emotional affectations of the victims and following emotional transformations arising by group, collective and public memory events in individuals and collectives involved in the execution of these actions are presented outlining a Psychosocial view that allows to approach from research and intervention to psychological, social and political phenomenon.
Análisis factorial de grupo múltiple de una versión muy breve del Cuestionario Revisado de Personalidad de Eysenck (EPQR-BV)
Authors: Merino Soto César
Published: August 2016

Se presenta un estudio psicométrico preliminar para explorar la consistencia y estructura interna del EPQR-BV (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised – Brief Version), una versión breve propuesta por Sato (2005) del EPQR, con modificaciones en el formato de los ítems y en número de subescalas incluidas (E y N). Los participantes fueron 108 adultos jóvenes de una universidad privada en Lima (Perú). Se aplicó un análisis factorial confirmatorio oblicuo para probar la invarianza configuracional. Los resultados fueron favorables respecto a la dimensionalidad (dos factores representativos), la configuración (excepto dos ítems, el resto se relacionó con sus escalas) y la simplicidad de la solución factorial. La consistencia interna fue satisfactoria en ambas escalas (> .80). Se discute lo adecuado de esta nueva versión abreviada, así como la propuesta de modificar el EPQR en su totalidad con ítems ordinales.
Executive functions and attention in school-age children according to the behavioral profile rated by their teachers
Authors: Arán-Filippetti Vanessa , L. Krumm Gabriela
Published: August 2016

The present study aimed at analyzing the link between school-age children's performance in neuropsychological tests that examine the executive function (EF) and attention, and their behavioral profiles (i.e., Attention Deficit (AD) and Hyperactivity (HA), as rated by their teachers. For the assessment of EF and attentional mechanisms, different tasks were administered to a sample consisting of 124 children from 3rd to 6th grade. In addition, teachers from each grade completed a behavior rating scale for every child. Bifactorial MANCOVA was used in order to analyze the effect of both AD and HA factors, controlling for the intelligence, over the child’s cognitive performance. Results demonstrated significant differences according to AD level in tasks that assess (i) selective attention, (ii) working memory, (iii) reactive cognitive flexibility (iv) verbal fluency and (v) reflexivity-impulsivity. Conversely, regarding the HA level, results showed significant differences only in terms of the number of errors made in the MFFT20. This work provides evidence on the relationship between children's behavior within the school setting and their cognitive performance.