bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bagaimana Polisi Menangani Kasus Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT): Studi Kasus Polrestabes Semarang
Authors: Anggraeni Anggia Putri , Ardianto Hendra Try
Published: December 2020

This article aims to understand how the police handle cases of Domestic Violence (KDRT), in particular by seeing to what extent the handling is sensitive to victims. Using the case study method, the authors conducted a qualitative analysis with research work that relied on data from the police, victims, and non-governmental organizations that provide legal assistance to victims of domestic violence. The findings in this study indicate that the handling of domestic violence cases using a restorative justice approach is much more effective than a retributive approach. The conclusion of this article shows that normatively there is a good understanding from the police to handle domestic violence issues so that they are more sensitive to victims. However, the limited number of officers, especially female officers, often appears as an obstacle to providing better victim-sensitive services. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana pihak kepolisian menangani kasus Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT), khususnya dengan melihat seberapa jauh penanganan tersebut memiliki sensitifitas terhadap korban. Dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus, penulis melakukan analisis kualitatif dengan kerja penelitian yang mengandalkan data dari pihak polisi, korban, dan lembaga non-pemerintah yang memberi bantuan hukum korban KDRT. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penanganan kasus KDRT dengan pendekatan keadilan restoratif jauh lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan pendekatan retributif. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini memperlihatkan bahwa secara normatif sudah adanya pemahaman yang baik dari pihak polisi untuk menangani persoalan KDRT agar lebih sensitif terhadap korban. Walaupun demikian, keterbatasan jumlah petugas, khususnya dari petugas perempuan, seringkali muncul sebagai hambatan untuk memberikan layanan yang sensitif korban menjadi lebih baik.
Öğretmenlerin Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Düzeylerinin Yükseltilmesi Neden Önemlidir?
Authors: DOST Ayşe , ÜNER Elif
Published: December 2020

Sağlık okuryazarlığı, sağlığın korunması ve geliştirilmesi için gerekli olan bilgiye ulaşma, anlama ve bu bilgiyi kullanma konusunda sahip olunan bilişsel ve sosyal bir beceridir. Bilim dünyası tarafından geliştirilen bilgilerin, toplum için anlaşılır bir dil ve ulaşılabilir araçlarla iletilmesi ve bu bilgilerle uygun davranış geliştirmesi stratejik amaçlardan biridir. Ottowa Birinci Sağlığın Geliştirmesi Konferansı’nda, sağlığı geliştirme çalışmalarının yalnızca sağlık sektörünün çabası ile başarılmasının mümkün olmadığı diğer sektörlerinde bu konuda sorumluluk almaları gerektiği belirtilmiştir. Sağlık sektörüne eşlik etmesi beklenen eğitim sektörünün ana kahramanı olan öğretmenlerin, sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin yükseltilmesi, kendileri ve toplum açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu kapsamda öğretmenlerin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyini yükseltmeye yönelik eğitimlerin verilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu derlemede, öğretmenlerin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin yükseltilmesinin önemine ilişkin bilgi vermek ve literatür taraması yapılarak öğretmenlerin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Puberty Precocious Due to Chronic Lavender Oil Application
Authors: Kurtoğlu Selim , Armut Mustafa
Published: December 2020

Kurtoğlu S, Armut M. Puberty Precocious Due to Chronic Lavender Oil Application. J Pediatr Acad 2020; 1: 107-108
KASIM 2002 ve SONRASI TÜRKİYE BÜYÜK MİLLET MECLİSİNDE GRUBU BULUNAN SİYASİ PARTİLERİN BEYANNAMELERİNDE İŞ SAĞLIĞI ve GÜVENLİĞİ
Authors: ÇABUK Ahmet
Published: December 2020

İş kazası ve meslek hastalıkları sonucunda meydana gelen zararlar işyeri ekosistemi içerisindeki tüm unsurların olumsuz yönde etkilenmesine neden olmaktadır. Yaşanan kayıp genellikle maddi olmakla birlikte insan faktörü değerlendirildiğinde maddi kayıplara ek olarak manevi kayıplarda görülmektedir. İş kazası ve meslek hastalığı neticesinde meydana gelen zararların etkisinin büyüklüğü ve türüne göre bireyi, bireyin ailesini ve yakınlarını,işyeri ortamında bulunan diğer insanları, işyerini, toplumu, ülkeyi etkilemekte ve özellikle sosyal ve ekonomik yönden refahını bozmaktadır. Bu nedenle Türkiye’ de iş kazası ve meslek hastalıklarının sayısının azaltılması, birey, toplum ve ülkenin sosyal ve ekonomik refah seviyesine katkı sağlanması için uluslararası ve çağdaş mevzuat ve standartların referans alınarak ülkenin sosyal ve kültürel yapısına uygun olarak bilimsel bilgi temelli olarak özgün, gerçekçi ve geliştirilebilir mevzuat ve teknolojinin üretilmesi ve uygulanması için siyasetüstü çalışmaların yapılması gerekmektedir.

Bu çalışmada özellikle Kasım 2002 yılından itibaren farklı dönemlerde Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi bünyesinde grup oluşturma sayısına ulaşan başta o dönemde iktidar olan siyasi parti ve diğer partilerin her seçim dönemine yönelik yayınlamış oldukları seçim beyannameleri incelenmiştir. Seçim beyannamelerinde özellikle iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine yönelik maddeler araştırılmış iktidar partisi tarafından vaad edilen ve gerçekleştirilen maddeler ile birlikte diğer siyasi partilerin iş sağlığı ve güvenliğine yönelik vaadlerine bakılmıştır. İnceleme sonucunda vaadlerin genellikle seçim olana kadar geçen zaman içerisinde olan olaylara özgü olarak şekillendiği ve sadece o seçim dönemiyle kaldığı, uluslarası mevzuatın ve standartların uygulanması gerekliliğinin vurgulanmasına rağmen bilimsel araştırmalar temel alınarak ülkenin kendi kurum ve kuruşları ile insan kaynağının mevzaut ve standart üretmesinin ve uygulamaya alınmasının hedeflenmediği, vaad edilenlerin tam olarak gerçekleştirilemediği ve yayınlanan mevzuatların tamamen yürürlüğe alınmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
İŞLETMELERDE İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİNİN İYİLEŞTİRİLMESİ AMACIYLA ALTI SİGMA KALİTE YÖNETİM SİSTEMİ İLE MODEL OLUŞTURULMASI
Authors: UÇAN Canan , SAVAŞ Ahmet
Published: December 2020

Altı Sigma Kalite Yönetim Sistemi bir ürünün üretim aşamaları esnasında en az hata ve kayıp vererek üretilmesini ve böylelikle ürünün en az üretim maliyetine sahip olmasını hedefleyen kalite kontrol sistemlerinden biridir. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği ise kısaca bir işin yürütülmesi esnasında ortaya çıkabilecek risk ve tehlikeleri en aza indirerek çalışan ve toplum sağlığını korumayı kendine amaç edinmektedir. Bu çalışmada iki senelik bir süreç içerisinde bir işletmedeki İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği sistemi Altı Sigma Kalite Yönetim Sisteminin enstrümanları ile incelenmiş ve bulunan sorunların Altı Sigma Metodolojisi ile çözümleri önerilmiş ve çözüm önerilerinden uygulamaya koyulanların ne ölçüde iyileştirme getirdiği istatistiksel olarak ortaya koyulmuştur. İlgili çalışmanın tam versiyonu Okan Üniversitesinde Haziran 2019 yılında ‘’İŞ SAĞLIĞI ve GÜVENLİĞİNDE ALTI SİGMA YAKLAŞIMI ÜZERİNE BİR MODEL UYGULAMASI’’ adı ile Doktora Tezi olarak kabul görmüş ve onaylanmıştır.
Risks for Life on Proxima b from Sterilizing Impacts
Authors: Siraj Amir , Loeb Abraham
Published: December 2020

We consider the implications that a debris belt located between Proxima b and Proxima c would pose for the rate of large asteroid impacts that could sterilize life from Proxima b. Future observations by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array or the James Webb Space Telescope could constrain the existence of an asteroid belt in the life-threatening regime. We generalize our rate calculation of sterilizing impacts for habitable planets in systems with an asteroid belt and an outer planet.
Spatial Variations in the Altitude of the CH4 Homopause at Jupiter’s Mid-to-high Latitudes, as Constrained from IRTF-TEXES Spectra
Authors: Sinclair James A. , Greathouse Thomas K. , Giles Rohini S. , Antuñano Arrate , Moses Julianne I. , Fouchet Thierry , Bézard Bruno , Tao Chihiro , Martín-Torres Javier , Clark George B. , Grodent Denis , Orton Glenn S. , Hue Vincent , Fletcher Leigh N. , Irwin Patrick G. J.
Published: December 2020

We present an analysis of IRTF-TEXES spectra of Jupiter’s mid-to-high latitudes in order to test the hypothesis that the CH4 homopause altitude is higher in Jupiter’s auroral regions compared to elsewhere on the planet. A family of photochemical models, based on Moses & Poppe (2017), were computed with a range of CH4 homopause altitudes. Adopting each model in turn, the observed TEXES spectra of H2 S(1), CH4, and CH3 emission measured on 2019 April 16 and August 20 were inverted, the vertical temperature profile was allowed to vary, and the quality of the fit to the spectra was used to discriminate between models. At latitudes equatorward of Jupiter’s main auroral ovals (>62°S, <54°N, planetocentric), the observations were adequately fit assuming a homopause altitude lower than ∼360 km (above 1 bar). At 62°N, inside the main auroral oval, we derived a CH4 homopause altitude of

km, whereas outside the main oval at the same latitude, a 1σ upper limit of 370 km was derived. Our interpretation is that a portion of energy from the magnetosphere is deposited as heat within the main oval, which drives vertical winds and/or higher rates of turbulence and transports CH4 and its photochemical by-products to higher altitudes. Inside the northern main auroral oval, a factor of ∼3 increase in CH3 abundance was also required to fit the spectra. This could be due to uncertainties in the photochemical modeling or an additional source of CH3 production in Jupiter’s auroral regions.
Subtype distribution and molecular characterization of Blastocystis from hemodialysis patients in Turkey
Authors: Gulhan Baris , Aydin Merve , Demirkazik Mehtap , Koltas Ismail Soner , Cikman Aytekin , Turkmen Kultigin , Duran Tugce
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the Blastocystis prevalence and subtypes in hemodialysis patients in Turkey.

Methodology: Eighty-four patients diagnosed with end-stage renal failure who were undergoing hemodialysis and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Blastocystis presence was investigated by native-Lugol, trichrome staining, PCR using STS primers, and DNA sequencing analysis.

Results: Among the stool samples from the hemodialysis patients, 9.52% (8/84) were found to be Blastocystis-positive with the native-Lugol and trichrome staining. Seven of the eight Blastocystis isolates were subtyped using STS primers. Blastocystis subtype distribution was as follows: one had ST1, two had ST2, two had ST3, two had ST3+ST6, and one was not subtyped. Blastocystis positivity was detected in two healthy control (2/20, %10), one subject had ST1, and the other was not subtyped. All subtypes identified by PCR were confirmed by the sequencing analysis. In the two samples that had mixed subtypes (ST3+ST6) when using the STS primers, only ST3 was detected in the sequencing analysis. Although some patients have multiple symptoms, the most common symptoms in Blastocystis positive patients were bloating (5/8), diarrhea (4/8), nausea and vomiting (2/8), and gas and weight loss (1/8). Also, only one patient had Giardia intestinalis.

Conclusions: This was the first study to determine the Blastocystis subtypes in hemodialysis patients. A rare subtype, ST6, was identified in two of the patients. Thus, the ST6 infections were attributable to transmission from poultry infections. The presence of this unusual subtype suggests the need for further extensive studies of hemodialysis patients.
Molecular epidemiology of zygomycosis and their related factors in tertiary referral centers in southern Iran
Authors: Badiee Parisa , Jafarian Hadis , Ghasemi Fatemeh
Published: December 2020

Introduction: For the best management of the zygomycosis in immunocompromised patients, the present study aims to detect and identify the etiologic agents by DNA sequencing method and their related factors in clinical samples of patients.

Methodology: Clinical samples from 1,058 patients admitted in 11 university hospitals in Shiraz, Southern Iran were collected between July 2015 and July 2018. All samples (bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, blood, tissue) were examined by routine microscopic and culture tests for zygomycetes. The etiologic agents were identified by the molecular method and sequencing.

Results: Direct microscopic examinations or pathology smear, culture, and PCR were positive in 61 (5.8%), 15 (1.4%), and 103 (9.7%) patients, respectively. According to EORTC/MSG criteria, the rates of proven, probable, and possible zygomycosis were 59.2% (61/103), 14.6% (15/103), and 26.2% (27/103 patients), respectively. The most prevalent etiologic agents according to sequencing were Rhizopus oryzae (44 cases), Rhizopus microsporus (31 cases), Rhizopus stolonifer (15 cases). Twenty-two patients (21.4%) with positive PCR died. There were significant relations between zygomycosis and the underlying disease (p = 0.043) and prior antifungal therapy (p = 0.023). White blood cell count was in the normal range in 14.1% of patients, and the means of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) were 65 mm/hour and 57 mg/L, respectively.

Conclusions: Molecular methods and sequencing may have considered as suitable tools to diagnose zygomycosis. Identification of the etiologic agents may be considered as the future antifungal therapy and management of the respective patients.
Clinical features and laboratory characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19: single centre report from Egypt
Authors: El Kassas Mohamed , Asem Noha , Abdelazeem Amr , Madkour Ahmad , Sayed Hamdy , Tawheed Ahmed , Al Shafie Ahmed , Gamal Mahmoud , Elsayed Hassan , Badr Mohamed , Hassany Mohamed , Omran Dalia , El Fouly Amr
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The recently discovered novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged in Wuhan, China, since January 2020. Egypt reported a low incidence of infection when compared with other countries. The aim of the study was to assess the characterization of COVID-19 infection among the Egyptian population.

Methodology: Data were collected from a single COVID-19 quarantine hospital in Cairo. A total number of 195 cases were included with their clinical, laboratory, and radiological data.

Results: Three different age groups behaved differently for COVD-19 infection. The pediatric age group was asymptomatic entirely, the middle age group (18-50 years) were asymptomatic in 53.3% of cases, while 77.9% of those above 50 years were symptomatic (p ≤ 0.001). The latter group had a high incidence of COVID-pneumonia in (83.1%), and moderate to critical presentations were encountered in 66.3% of them. Neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio correlated directly with the age and case severity. C-reactive protein (CRP) and computed tomography scan chest (CT-chest) had added value on COVID-19 diagnosis in suspected cases.

Conclusions: In Egypt, patients above 50 years are at a higher risk for symptomatic COVID-19 infection and leaner for moderate to critical COVID-19 presentation. The triad of CT-chest, CRP, and N/L ratio could be an integrated panel for assessing disease severity.
Prevalence, multidrug-resistance and risk factors for AmpC β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli from hospitalized patients
Authors: Bala Rosy , Singh Varsha A , Gupta Nitin , Rakshit Pue
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Multi-drug resistance among AmpC β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli isolates is alarming. The study aimed to know the prevalence and presumptive antibiogram of AmpC producing Escherichia coli isolates and to determine the associated risk factors.

Methodology: Escherichia coli isolated from various clinical specimens from hospitalized patients during the study period (January 2018- December 2018) were taken for the study. Standard biochemical reactions were used for organism identification. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using Kirby-Bauer method as per CLSI guidelines. Cefoxitin resistance was taken as screening tool to detect AmpC producing strains. The phenotypic confirmation was done using modified three-dimensional test. Multiplex PCR was used to detect pAmpC.

Results: A total non-duplicate consecutive 470 Escherichia coli were isolated from various clinical specimens of hospitalized patients during the study period. Cefoxitin resistance was observed in 51.9% (244/470). Modified three dimensional test was positive in 115/244 (47.1%) strains. Genotypic characterization of phenotypic positive AmpC strains showed presence of CIT and DHA genes among 33/115 and 19/115 isolates respectively. The overall prevalence of pAmpC producing E. coli was found to be 52/470 (11.1%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 42/52 (80.7%) pAmpC strains. Antimicrobial use, prolonged hospitalization and interventions were associated risk factors for AmpC producing isolates.

Conclusions: A high prevalence of multidrug resistance among AmpC producing strains suggests plasmid mediated spread of drug resistance in E. coli. Every hospital should formulate and implement infection control policies at-least for the risk group patients to control the dissemination of such microbes as infection prevention is better than infection control.
COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen: A questionnaire based survey, what do we know?
Authors: Dhabaan Ghulam , Chahin Abdullah , Buhaish Abdulrahman , Shorman Mahmoud
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently one of the most important public health crises affecting the global human population. It continues to spread widely, as the world still lacks specific treatments and a vaccine for the virus. The scenario of COVID-19 in Yemen seems obscure due to the lack of adequate data, therefore, we developed an electronic questionnaire and distributed it online among Yemeni people. The aim of this study was to understand the COVID-19 epidemiological situation in Yemen better since there is currently limited published data and limited availability of COVID-19 testing.

Methodology: A 34-question web-based survey was distributed on social media outlets targeting people in Yemen. Data aggregation, analysis, and visualization were performed using Tableau and Microsoft Excel.

Results: 2,341 individuals reported symptoms concerning for COVID-19 infection, with 25.4% reporting a chronic medical condition. Diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and immune deficiency were associated with increased severity of the disease, while obesity, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and liver disease were not. Only 37 individuals (1.6%) had a confirmatory COVID-19 PCR test. The presence of high fever, dyspnea, chest pain, and dysphagia were symptoms that tended to be correlated to worse clinical outcomes.

Conclusions: This study provides some important information about the early overspread of COVID-19 within the Yemeni community in May, June, and July of 2020. It shows that online questionnaires may help in collecting data about pandemics in resource-limited countries where testing availability is limited.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Painful Chronic Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification after Right Acetabulum Fracture Fixation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ahmed Mohieldin M. , Alghunaim Shothour M. , Mosalem Douaa M. , Khairat Sherif M. , Hameed Farah Abdel
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Heterotopic ossification (HO) usually occurs in trauma, such as fractures. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of studies about the effects of shockwave on the size of HO in the literature.
AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on the size of HO as well as the lower extremity functions in patients with fracture right acetabulum.
CASE REPORT: A 36-year-old gentleman had a traffic accident on August 30, 2015, resulted in a fracture of the right acetabulum treated by open reduction and internal fixation on September 2, 2015. The patient has complained of severe right hip pain with limitation of daily activities, especially walking, standing, and sitting, visual analog scale about 7-8/10 with painful and restricted ROM of the right hip. Plain X-ray of the right hip revealed HO at greater trochanter with a long axis length 37.3 mm. ESWT was applied for HO. ESWT was administered 6 times each weekly for 6 weeks. At 6-month follow-up, the size of HO had become slightly smaller with the improvement of pain, and lower extremities functions.
DISCUSSION: Soft tissues around HO have been regenerated from ischemia for several reasons such as ESWT stimulating angiogenesis and neurogenesis and the size of HO had become slightly smaller by radial shockwave therapy.
CONCLUSION: ESWT is a novel non-invasive and safe treatment for HO. The effects of ESWT on the size of HO had become slightly smaller with the improvement of lower extremities functions.
Telecardiology for patients with chronic heart diseases during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ilieva Radostina , Savova Rumena , Spasova Nataliya , Somleva Desislava , Krastev Bozhidar , Milanov Alexander , Hasardzhiev Stanimir , Goudev Assen
Published: December 2020

Background: Telemedicine is an alternative to the standard consultation with a specialist during COVID-19 pandemic. Though their benefits are not well studied, the phone consultations are a potential effective resource for providing medical and psycho-social help to patients with chronic diseases during social isolation. Aim: To assess the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, who looked for cardiology help on the phone, and the most common reasons for these consultations. Material and Methods: We analyzed the data of 196 consecutive patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases, who called for cardiology consultation at the National Patients’ Organization between 22.04.2020 and 31.07.2020. Results: The mean age of the included patients was 71,7 ± 11,3 years (17 ÷ 92), and 149 of them (76%) were above the age of 65 years (who we deﬁ ned as elderly). 114 (58%) of the consulted on the phone were females. 96 patients (49%) called from Soﬁ a. The mean duration of the call was 8,5 minutes. The most common reasons for teleconsultation were unstable blood pressure – in 30% of the patients (n = 59) and anxiety – 17% (n = 33). Other reasons for seeking cardiology help were adjusting the therapy (different from the antihypertensive one) – 8%, chest pain – 7%, dyspnea – 7%, questions about follow-up of a chronic disease – 7%, palpitations – 6%, monitoring of INR – 4%, second opinion before an operation or a procedure – 2%, problems getting medications or protocols – 1,5%, administrative issues (TELK/LKK) – 1,5%. The most common chronic diseases of the consulted were: arterial hypertension (89%), heart failure (31%), ischemic heart disease (25%), diabetes mellitus (22%) and atrial ﬁbrillation (15%). Conclusion: During COVID-19 pandemic the elderly and the women more often look for cardiology help on the phone. The suboptimal control of the blood pressure and the anxiety, caused by the pandemic, are the most common reasons for phone consultations of the patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases.
La seconde guerre du Karabakh
Authors: Yégavian Tigrane
Published: December 2020

L’enclave du Haut-Karabakh est une zone de conflits permanents. La récente guerre s’est conclue par une victoire des forces azerbaïdjanaises, mais les choses ne sont pas réglées. À l’arrière-plan, c’est un conflit entre puissances qui implique surtout la Russie et la Turquie, en écartant délibérément les pays occidentaux.
La Chine face au monde d’après
Authors: Le Corre Philippe
Published: December 2020

La Chine semble avoir rapidement jugulé la crise sanitaire et relancé son économie. Mais il faut y regarder de plus près. Les grands projets marquent le pas, tandis qu’en dépit des efforts de relations publiques, l’image de la Chine ne cesse de se dégrader dans l’opinion occidentale. Même si la population continue de faire confiance aux autorités pour le gouvernement domestique, les ambitions étrangères reçoivent moins d’assentiment.
Self-Regulation of Driving Behaviors in Persons With Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Davis Rebecca , Owens Megan
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the current study was to determine if persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD reported awareness of driving ability and made self-regulatory changes to the same degree as older adults without AD. Driving awareness and behaviors were collected using a self-report survey. Results of the AD/MCI group were compared to a similarly aged control group. Results showed that persons with AD/MCI reported less confidence in their driving ability and worried about getting lost more often than the control group. In addition, they were more likely to have stopped driving. The AD/MCI group reported that they avoided driving in unfamiliar situations, drove less often, and drove with another person significantly more than the control group. The results give evidence that persons within the early stage of AD may have self-awareness of their driving ability and self-regulate their driving to enhance safety. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(1), 21–27.]
Use of a Personal Sleep Self-Monitoring Device for Sleep Self-Management: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Torossian Maral , LeBlanc Raeann G. , Jacelon Cynthia S.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the current study was to establish feasibility of personal sleep monitoring devices (PSMDs) as an intervention for sleep self-management in older adults. This study followed a mixed-methods experimental design based on the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, and the proposed conceptual model of symptom management in a social context. Results showed an acceptable recruitment and retention rate of participants, and acceptability of PSMDs by users. Participants were able to meaningfully interpret PSMD data as evidenced by the numeracy evaluation scores, initiate sleep goals, and share their sleep data and goals with friends or relatives. Findings support extending this research protocol to a larger sample. Future studies for sleep health self-management and personally tailored interventions using personal sleep monitoring are recommended. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(1), 28–34.]
Multiple spatiotemporal coexistence states and Turing-Hopf bifurcation in a Lotka-Volterra competition system with nonlocal delays
Authors: Chen Xianyong , Jiang Weihua
Published: December 2020

We consider a two-species Lotka-Volterra competition system with both local and nonlocal intraspecific and interspecific competitions under the homogeneous Neumann condition. Firstly, we obtain conditions for the existence of Hopf, Turing, Turing-Hopf bifurcations and the necessary and sufficient condition that Turing instability occurs in the weak competition case, and find that the strength of nonlocal intraspecific competitions is the key factor for the stability of coexistence equilibrium. Secondly, we derive explicit formulas of normal forms up to order 3 by applying center manifold theory and normal form method, in which we show the difference compared with system without nonlocal terms in calculating coefficients of normal forms. Thirdly, the existence of complex spatiotemporal phenomena, such as the spatial homogeneous periodic orbit, a pair of stable spatial inhomogeneous steady states and a pair of stable spatial inhomogeneous periodic orbits, is rigorously proved by analyzing the amplitude equations. It is shown that suitably strong nonlocal intraspecific competitions and nonlocal delays can result in various coexistence states for the competition system in the weak competition case. Lastly, these complex spatiotemporal patterns are presented in the numerical results.
A rede telegráfica em Goiás: origem, controle e sentido territorial
Authors: Castilho Denis , Pacheco Roberto Gonçalves , Barreto Marcelo Barbosa
Published: December 2020

O telégrafo foi instalado em Goiás em 1890. A expansão dessa rede técnica no território goiano foi marcada por duas espacialidades principais. A primeira esteve voltada às estratégias militares, ao uso exclusivo e ao controle territorial; a segunda, às demandas mais gerais de comunicação e aos usos múltiplos. Até 1913, os fios telegráficos foram implantados de maneira independente de outras redes. Posteriormente, seguiram o traçado dos trilhos, agregando serviços e ampliando o sistema de comunicação das localidades servidas pela rede ferroviária. Este estudo analisa a origem e o sentido territorial do telégrafo em Goiás no final do século XIX e início do século XX. Os procedimentos metodológicos basearam-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, levantamento de dados e informações em jornais publicados nas décadas de 1890 e 1910, em relatórios oficiais do Império e da República (anos de 1860, 1891 e 1899), análise de informações de decretos e obtenção de dados por meio de levantamento de cartas históricas do Arquivo Nacional. Os resultados revelam o papel pioneiro do telégrafo no sistema de comunicação entre litoral e sertão, evidenciam sua função estratégica na definição de fronteiras, nos interesses econômico-militares, nas trocas regionais e demonstra como essa rede se constituiu como instrumento fundamental para construção de um novo sentido de comunicação, de controle e de poder.
Mudança no uso e cobertura da terra na bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguaia e seus reflexos nos recursos hídricos, o trecho médio do rio Araguaia em Goiás
Authors: Bayer Maximiliano , Assis Pâmela Camila , Suizu Tainá Medeiros , Gomes Matheus Cardoso
Published: December 2020

A bacia do rio Araguaia atualmente é considerada uma área primordial para o desenvolvimento econômico para o país, em função das demandas nacionais e internacionais para produção de commodities. Representando o maior sistema fluvial situado inteiramente em território brasileiro, o rio Araguaia drena parte dos estados de Goiás, Mato Grosso, Tocantins e Pará. Cobrindo uma área de mais de 300.000 km2, a bacia se estende por amplas áreas do Bioma Cerrado que apresentam características socioambientais (climas, litologia, solo, relevo, formas de uso e ocupação) bem diferentes. Nas últimas quatro décadas, grandes extensões da bacia vêm sendo objeto de um intenso processo de transformação associado ao avanço da fronteira agrícola e às mudanças na forma de ocupação, cujas consequências sobre os recursos naturais da bacia, especialmente os recursos hídricos, começam a ser motivo de preocupação para a sociedade. Para a área da bacia do rio Araguaia em território goiano, as análises dos processos de uso e ocupação das terras apontou uma diminuição de 33,8% para formação florestal, 48,9% formação savânica e um aumento de 51,50% das áreas de pastagem e 510,6% das áreas de cultura anual e perene. Nossas pesquisas constatam ainda, que à medida que aumentam as porcentagens de áreas da bacia convertidas para diversos tipos de uso como agricultura e pastagens cultivadas, a produção, carga e transporte de sedimentos incrementava-se em toda a bacia de drenagem do médio Araguaia em Goiás gerando uma rápida resposta do sistema fluvial na forma de intensas mudanças morfológicas originadas pelo acúmulo de sedimentos no canal principal e nos ambientes associados. Prováveis efeitos associados á mudanças climáticas como o forte decaimento dos valores das vazões máximas nos últimos anos, ainda não foram avaliados.
Uso de mapas históricos na pesquisa sobre a cidade de São Paulo. Predominância de mapas disponíveis digitalmente e mapas autorreferenciais
Authors: Kuvasney Eliane
Published: December 2020

Duas questões desencadearam essa pesquisa: A partir do momento em que os mapas são considerados fontes históricas, como são escolhidos e utilizados como fontes? Será que as narrativas que tratam do espaço e espacialidades do passado a partir da Geografia e do mapa o fazem a partir de um conjunto de documentos cartográficos pouco diversos? Observou-se, a partir de levantamento no banco de teses da Universidade de São Paulo e de levantamentos nos acervos físicos de arquivos públicos, que alguns mapas de fácil acesso – porque disponibilizados digitalmente – foram naturalizados, no sentido de que são tratados como a verdade do território dentro dos períodos em que foram produzidos e que outros – ausentes dos arquivos digitais – podem nos fornecer outras narrativas distantes daquela produzida pela naturalização de séries cartográficas presentes no nosso imaginário desde antes do uso da internet.
Novo coronavírus, velhas desigualdades: distribuição dos casos, óbitos e letalidade por SRAG decorrentes da covid-19 na Cidade do Recife
Authors: Bitoun Jan , Duarte Cristiana Coutinho , Bezerra Anselmo César Vasconcelos , Fernandes Ana Cristina de Almeida , Santos Lucas Siqueira
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi revelar como a pandemia da COVID-19 está espalhada no território recifense, verificando a existência de desigualdades nas taxas de casos confirmados, de mortalidade e de letalidade da doença a partir das diferentes configurações sócio territoriais da cidade. Para efeito deste estudo utilizou-se os dados da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG), pois eram os dados disponíveis na escala intraurbana. Realizou-se um agrupamento dos bairros da cidade em cinco estratos, considerando o percentual da área dos bairros em assentamentos precários utilizando o software ArcGis 10.1. Verificou-se que o registro de casos de SRAG em relação à população residente é maior no conjunto de bairros com menor proporção de assentamentos precários. Inversamente, a taxa de letalidade é maior nos estratos com maior proporção de assentamentos precários. Constatou-se também correspondência entre estratos referente a distribuição da renda per capita e da população negra. Os dados revelam uma desigualdade no impacto da doença sobre a população do Recife sugerindo que o diagnóstico por SRAG parece ainda ser um privilégio de parte da população residente nas áreas mais ricas, enquanto a capacidade de cura da população dos assentamentos precários é menor. Os resultados ajudam a entender o desigual impacto da doença nos diferentes territórios da cidade, onde se observou que, em áreas de precariedade habitacional, houve menor resposta do sistema de saúde.
Promoting Critical Thinking in the Modern Learning Environments
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: December 2020

This chapter explains the overview of critical thinking (CT); the emerging trends of CT in the modern learning environments; CT in nursing education and health care; reflective judgment and CT; constructivist learning and CT; metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, and CT; and the promotion of CT in the modern learning environments. The promotion of CT is essential for the learning organizations that seek to serve educators, increase educational performance, strengthen competitiveness, and achieve continuous success in the modern learning environments. Therefore, it is required for the learning organizations to promote their CT and develop a learning plan to regularly check their practical advancements toward satisfying educator requirements. The chapter argues that promoting CT has the potential to enhance organizational performance and reach strategic goals in the modern learning environments.
Essential Skills for the 21st Century Workforce
Authors: Short Maureen N. , Keller-Bell Yolanda
Published: December 2020

This chapter contends that increasing technological innovation has disrupted and continues to disrupt the labor markets making some jobs obsolete and workers redundant. The key to success in the twenty-first century and future labor markets is to combine hard and soft skills into a comprehensive package tailored to specific needs including the ability to think clearly about complex problems, apply creative and innovation solutions to solve problems, and apply new knowledge and skills in new settings. This chapter will provide a discussion of some of the reasons underlying the demand for higher workforce skills and a descriptive overview of curricula and pedagogy that promote students' acquisition and application of critical thinking skills as well as other skills considered essential for 21st century workforce.
A Conceptual Reference Framework for Sustainability Education in Multilingual and Cross-Cultural Settings
Authors: Ramírez-Verdugo M. Dolores , García de la Vega Alfonso
Published: December 2020

This chapter focuses on the area of education for sustainable development (henceforth, ESD) and presents an overview on the design and initial development of a funded research project called ©ESDIGITHAL, an international network on education. One of the aims of this project is to create a conceptual reference framework to explore the use of technology enhanced content and language integrated teaching and learning as a methodological approach for ESD. The chapter discusses some of the main field challenges identified by UNESCO and explores the use of applied technology, transmedia, and digital storytelling to examine their impact in bilingual education and in cross-cultural multilingual settings. With an emphasis on creativity, critical thinking, and innovation, this network is committed to enrich the quality of higher education and teacher training to guarantee citizens' social, economic, and cultural development.
Enhancing Students' Critical Thinking through Portfolios
Authors: Djoub Zineb
Published: December 2020

Portfolios can serve a crucial role in helping students develop their critical thinking in writing, thereby promoting write-to-learn philosophy in education. Still, not any portfolio's content and approach can guarantee the achievement of this goal. Teachers' concern in promoting students' critical thinking needs to be reflected in their decision that is related to the evidences of students' needs that helps to select their approaches of integrating and using them into class. Students' reflection needs to underpin all stages of portfolio assessment through providing opportunities for their decision-making, initiation and creativity. Therefore, this chapter puts forward a student portfolio model along with its content and process of use. This learning tool was integrated within the course of Written Expression and used by 33 students at the Department of English at Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University during the academic year 2013-2014. Recommendations are also provided in order to make it a vehicle for critical thinking.
Development of Interactive Multimedia Learning Materials for Improving Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Djamas Djusmaini , Tinedi Vonny , Yohandri
Published: December 2020

Learning materials offer students and teachers valuable assistance in physics lessons. This article was aimed at developing and evaluating interactive multimedia learning materials that are equipped with games in Linear Motion and Newton's Laws for improving critical thinking skills. The evaluation consists of an expert review, based on grades from four experts, practicality testing by 30 students, and effectiveness testing concerning students' critical thinking skills after they have used interactive multimedia learning materials. Thus, the research result shows that interactive multimedia learning materials are valid, practical, and effective. Based on this result, it appears that interactive multimedia learning materials can enhance students' critical thinking skills.
Promoting Critical Thinking Through the Use of Student-Generated Case Studies
Authors: Bernhardt Philip E. , Richmond Aaron S.
Published: December 2020

Often, using case studies as instructional prompts and methods can lead to frustration by both the teacher and the students. This has led many in the field of teacher education to question the utility of this instructional method. The purpose of this chapter is to describe how preservice educators may enhance their critical thinking by learning how to create student-generated case studies. The authors also provide the psychological and educational evidence which supports purports the importance of critical thinking in preservice k-12 education. In this chapter, the authors discuss why student-generated case studies are an effective teaching tool and explain how research on elaborative interrogation and worked examples explains why using student-generated case studies promote critical thinking. Two examples of student-generated case studies are provided (one from elementary and one from secondary education) along with guiding questions and prompts students may use to develop their own effective, elaborative, and worked-example of case studies in a teacher education course.
Supporting Teacher Candidates' Development of Critical Thinking Skills Through Dialogue and Reflection
Authors: Stewart Trevor Thomas
Published: December 2020

This chapter employs a dialogic, sociocultural perspective to describe ways teacher educators can support teacher candidates as they develop the critical thinking skills needed to make the transition from student to teacher in contemporary classrooms in the United States. Data from a longitudinal qualitative study are used to examine the utility of problem-posing seminars and subsequent reflection as tools that can help English teacher candidates embrace the tension they encounter as competing ideologies both complicate and nurture their efforts to enact a student-centered framework for teaching. Specifically, participants' reflections on their efforts to employ dialogic approaches to teaching are explored in the context of standardized curricula and classroom settings. Data suggest that making dialogue and reflection key facets of teacher education programs creates conditions for critical thinking and creativity to flourish.
Computational Thinking and Multifaceted Skills
Authors: Wong Gary , Jiang Shan , Kong Runzhi
Published: December 2020

Computational thinking allows us to solve complex problem in a certain way, which has been taught in traditional computer science program in university. With the advanced digital computing technology, new visual programming tools have been developed to allow children at early age to explore the concept and practices of computational thinking, which could develop their multifaceted skills. In this study, it aims to report an exploratory study of two pioneer primary schools in Hong Kong on introducing computational thinking through coding. This study uses qualitative approach with classroom observations, field notes and group interviews (n = 14). We also develop a child-centered interview protocol to find out the perception of children in learning how to code. The results show that children are generally engaging in computational thinking activities and believe that this learning context can develop their multifaceted skills such as problem solving skills and creativity.
Effective and Safe Stimulation of Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity by Intradermal Immunization with a Cyclic Dinucleotide/Nanoparticle Combination Adjuvant
Authors: Hernandez-Franco Juan F , Mosley Yung-Yi C , Franco Jackeline , Ragland Darryl , Yao Yuan , HogenEsch Harm
Published: December 2020

Intradermal (ID) immunization is an attractive route of vaccination because it targets tissue rich in dendritic cells, has dose-sparing potential, and allows needle-free delivery. However, few adjuvants are effective, nonreactogenic, and compatible with needle-free delivery devices. In this study, we demonstrate that a combination adjuvant composed of cyclic-di-AMP (cdAMP) and the plant-derived nanoparticle adjuvant Nano-11 significantly enhanced the immune response to ID-injected vaccines in mice and pigs with minimal local reaction at the injection site. The cdAMP/Nano-11 combination adjuvant increased Ag uptake by lymph node–resident and migratory skin dendritic cell subpopulations, including Langerhans cells. ID immunization with cdAMP/Nano-11 expanded the population of germinal center B cells and follicular helper T cells in the draining lymph node and Ag-specific Th1 and Th17 cells in the spleen. It elicited an enhanced immune response with a significant increase of IgG1 and IgG2a responses in mice at a reduced dose compared with i.m. immunization. An increased IgG response was observed following needle-free ID immunization of pigs. Nano-11 and cdAMP demonstrated a strong synergistic interaction, as shown in the activation of mouse, human, and porcine APC, with increased expression of costimulatory molecules and secretion of TNF and IL-1β. The combination adjuvant induced robust activation of both NF-κB and IFN regulatory factor signaling pathways and the NLRP3 inflammasome. We conclude that the combination of Nano-11 and cdAMP is a promising adjuvant for ID delivery of vaccines that supports a balanced immune response.
Athletic Trainers' Knowledge Regarding Health Care Delivery Systems and Administration in the American Health Care System
Authors: Eberman Lindsey E. , Winkelmann Zachary K. , Edler Jessica R. , Neil Elizabeth R.
Published: December 2020

Context

The American health care system is dynamic and ever evolving. As athletic training continues to advance, our understanding of and the ability to integrate best practices in policy construction and implementation, documentation, and basic business practices is critical to promoting optimal patient care.

Objective

To identify and compare knowledge gaps of clinicians and educators regarding health care delivery systems and administration.

Design and Setting

Cross-sectional, Web-based survey.

Patients or Other Participants

Athletic trainers (N = 485), representative of the national demographic of the profession (age = 37 ± 12 years, experience = 14 ± 11 years).

Intervention(s)

We used a multi-part assessment including a perceived knowledge questionnaire, validated knowledge assessment (21 items: knowledge retrieval [11 items], knowledge utilization [10 items]), and self-efficacy scales.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

We calculated the knowledge assessment total score and compared educators (n = 41) and clinicians (n = 444). We calculated the knowledge gap with a Spearman ρ correlation to determine the relationship between perceived knowledge mean and the knowledge retrieval subscore. We calculated the practice gap with a Spearman ρ correlation to determine the relationship between self-efficacy mean and the knowledge utilization subscore.

Results

Athletic trainers scored less than 50% on a knowledge assessment (mean = 10.27 ± 2.41 of 21) about health care delivery systems and administration. We identified that educators scored approximately 1 point higher (11.65 ± 0.4) than clinicians (10.14 ± 0.11), equivalent to 7% to 10% higher on the knowledge assessment. We identified, relative to health care delivery systems and administration, a knowledge gap (Spearman ρ = .161, P < .001) between perceived knowledge and knowledge retrieval and a practice gap (Spearman ρ = .095, P = .037) between self-efficacy and knowledge utilization.

Conclusions

Athletic trainers demonstrated knowledge and practice gaps related to health care delivery systems and administration. To meet the expectations of the practice analysis and the needs of patients in today's American health care system, we must engage in professional development in this domain of practice.