bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CT, MRI, and 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging features of seven cases of adult pancreatoblastoma
Authors: Wu Meng-nan , Lin Jiong-bin , Liu Zhuang-sheng , Huang Zhi-ming , Wang Ruo-ning
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study mainly analysed the imaging data of seven cases of adult Pancreatoblastoma (PB) and summarized additional imaging features of this disease based on a literature review, aiming to improve the understanding and diagnosis rate of this disease.Material and Method: The imaging data of seven adult patients pathologically diagnosed with adult PB were retrospectively analysed.Results: The tumours were located in the head of the pancreas in three cases, in the tail of the pancreas in two cases, in the gastric antrum in one case, and in the whole pancreas in one case. Six tumours showed restricted, bifurcated, and extruded growth, and one tumour displayed diffuse growth in the whole pancreas. Seven tumours appeared isoattenuating on Non-contrast CT, two tumours appeared isointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI MRI sequences, six tumours exhibited necrosis and cystic in the centre, and one tumour was solid and contained immature bone. The seven tumours had ill-defined margins and no capsule. Four tumours showed evident enhancement with a fast-in and slow-out pattern on contras-CT and MRI scans, and two tumours displayed mild enhancement with a slow-in and slow-out pattern . 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging exhibited high uptake in five pancreatic tumours.Conclusion: Adult PB cells can differentiate into cells of osteocytes systems. Extrusive growth is much more common than diffuse growth. An ectopic pancreas can also develop PB and pancreatic duct dilatation. On contrast-enhanced CT and contrast-enhanced MRI scans, tumours may show evident enhancement or mild enhancement. 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging exhibited high uptake.
Association between Social Support and Healthy Aging in Older Japanese: The Ohsaki Cohort 2006 Study
Authors: Nakayama Aiko , Lu Yukai , Matsuyama Sanae , Otsuka Tatsui , Tanji Fumiya , Tsuji Ichiro
Published: July 2022

Background
Healthy aging has attracted a great deal of attention worldwide with the progression of aging societies. However, few studies have investigated the association between social support and healthy aging. Thus, our study aimed to examine the association of emotional and instrumental social support with healthy aging among older Japanese adults.
Methods
This community-based prospective cohort study was conducted in Ohsaki City, Japan, and included 8,232 people aged ≥ 65 years at the baseline survey in 2006. Based on information obtained from this survey, participants were categorized according to two types of social support: having / lacking emotional social support and having / lacking instrumental social support. The primary outcome was healthy aging (defined as meeting all four of the following criteria: free of disability, free of depression, high health-related quality of life and high life satisfaction), as assessed by a questionnaire survey carried out in 2017. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the corresponding odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).
Results
During approximately 11 years of follow-up, 620 (7.5%) participants attained healthy aging. Compared with participants lacking emotional social support, the multivariable-adjusted OR (95%CI) was 1.60 (1.12–2.29) for those having emotional social support. Compared with participants lacking instrumental social support, the multivariable-adjusted OR (95%CI) was 1.71 (1.32–2.23) for those having instrumental social support. Furthermore, we found that the likelihood of healthy aging was significantly higher in the group that had both types of social support, but not in those with only one compared with those having neither type of social support.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that both emotional and instrumental social support are associated with healthy aging of older people in Japan.
The broad reach and inaccuracy of men’s health information on social media: analysis of TikTok and Instagram
Authors: Dubin Justin , Aguiar Jonathan , Lin Jasmine , Greenberg Daniel , Keeter Mary , Fantus Richard , Pham Minh , Hudnall Matthew , Bennett Nelson , Brannigan Robert , Halpern Joshua
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To quantify the volume and characterize the accuracy of men’s health-related content on TikTok and Instagram Methods: We conducted a search on both TikTok and Instagram for the terms: testosterone, erectile dysfunction, male infertility, semen retention, Peyronie’s disease, and vasectomy. The top 10 hashtags for each term were identified and used to estimate the total number of impressions for each term on each platform. We evaluated the top 40 posts for each topic on each platform and characterized the post by creator type, content type, and accuracy. Content accuracy was scored on a scale from one to five, with one being completely inaccurate information and five being completely accurate.Results: Overall, TikTok had more than 2.3 billion impressions and Instagran had more than 3 million posts across the men’s health topics. Semen retention had the most impressions on TikTok (1.2 billion) and posts on Instagram (1 million). Physicians created only a small portion of content comprising only 10.3% and 12.9% of total TikTok and Instagram posts, respectfully. Across all men’s health topics, the accuracy of content was poor with a score of 2.6 +/- 1.7 but physician posts were significantly more accurate than non-physician posts (4.2 vs 2.3, p < 0.001 respectfully).Conclusions: Men’s health content is popular on TikTok and Instagram but has a low level of overall accuracy. Given the higher accuracy of physician-created content, we recommend that physicians actively engage, on both individual and organizational levels, in social media to address misinformation
Dual Medication Therapy (Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen) for the Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shah Sanket , Makker Kartikeya , Zhang Mingyu , Harnett Susan , Aziz Khyzer , Hudak Mark
Published: July 2022

Objective: To examine the efficacy of dual medication therapy (DMT: acetaminophen and ibuprofen) vs. single medication therapy (SMT: ibuprofen) for medical management of PDA.Study Design: We systematically searched multiple sources to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) and non-randomized studies (NRS) that compared DMT to SMT for management of hemodynamically significant PDA. Results: We identified two RCTs and four NRS. There were no differences in the rates of successful PDA closure following the first treatment course between DMT and SMT (RR = 1.23 [95% CI 0.89 to 1.70] for NRS and RR = 1.18 [95% CI 0.66 to 2.10] for RCTs), nor were there significant differences in secondary outcomes and adverse events including PDA ligation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, and necrotizing enterocolitis. etc. Markers of hepatic or renal function did not change significantly during PDA treatment.Conclusion: We found no evidence for superiority of DMT over SMT in PDA management.
Perceptions of being a Registered Nurse (PRN): Development and validation of a survey tool
Authors: Allen Louise Margaret , Cooper Simon , Missen Karen Lee
Published: July 2022

Background
Nursing students need to develop realistic perceptions of nursing to prepare them for employment. Perceptions of nursing survey tools are available but lack contemporary cultural foci.
Aim
To develop a feasible, valid and reliable survey tool to identify nursing student’s perceptions of being a nurse with the objective of identifying key influences on perceptions.
Design/Methods:
In Phase 1 a literature review, and Nominal Group Technique meetings was used to generate primary survey items. Phase 2 included a pre-pilot and online pilot testing of the Perceptions of being a Registered Nurse (PRN) survey tool with 797 nursing students, across all year levels at three Australian Universities.
Results
The 34-item PRN survey tool uses a five-point Likert scale to measure nursing students’ perceptions of nursing including personal impact, attributes, the nursing role and professionalism. The Item-Content validity index was high (> .78) and the inter-item correlation validity was identified by a Pearson’s product moment co-efficient of r = .712. Internal reliability was confirmed with a Cronbach’s alpha = .83. Based upon the participation completion rate, the survey tool was deemed applicable and feasible. The majority of respondents believed that nurses had altruistic attributes however perceptions of nursing varied significantly when rating the physical, emotional and social impacts of being a nurse. Further, in later stages of training, respondents were more likely to agree that nursing is physically and emotionally demanding, that nurses experience social isolation due to shift work and find it difficult to achieve a work-life-balance.
Conclusions
The PRN survey tool was found to be valid, reliable and feasible. Future use and outcomes from PRN assessments may inform nursing curricula and will lead to enhanced perceptions of nursing.
Stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles containing miR-27b-3p attenuated osteoarthritis by targeting leukaemia inhibitory factor expression of synoviocytes
Authors: Tong Wei , Zhang Xiaoguang , Chen Wei , Lan Shenghui , Hu Yuxiang , Pei Hongxin , He Zhili , Dai Zhipeng , Wei Yulong , Wang Zhenxing , Ma Qinyu , Zhao Fenfei , Wang Juan , Shao Zengwu , Liu Yong , Yang Shuhua , Tian Hongtao
Published: July 2022

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of OA, but the precise target cells and response mechanisms are not well characterised. In this study, first, we found that intra-articular injection of human umbilical cord MSC (UCMSC)-derived sEVs (U-sEVs) significantly alleviated mouse OA. Then, U-sEVs were taken up rapidly and preferentially by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in a mouse model. Furthermore, significant increase in miR-27b-3p in FLSs after U-sEV treatment were found by miRNA sequencing, identifying miR-27b-3p as a key cargo of U-sEVs. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter found that leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is the target gene of miR-27b-3p, and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and RNA-sequencing revealed that LIF could directly induce synovitis, possibly by promoting proinflammatory cytokine and MMPs expression. Lastly, both miR-27b-3p and miR-27b-3p-overexpressing U-sEVs inhibit the expression of LIF in FLSs, and accordingly exhibited stronger effects in mitigating synovitis and OA progression compared to control U-sEVs. In conclusion, our results revealed that the main recipient cell of U-sEVs in the joints are FLSs. Mechanistically, miR-27b-3p in U-sEVs inhibited LIF expression of FLSs, and thus inhibited synovitis and delayed OA.
A Residual Based Adaptive Image Sharpening Scheme
Authors: Lu Rong-Hui , Chen Tzong-Jer
Published: July 2022

The sharpening is a scheme applied to highlight the intensity transitions in an image. This enhancement increases edge acutance and significantly improves the overall sharpness of processed images. Image sharpening is of enormous importance in medicine for diagnosis. Noise overshoot and over-sharpening effects occur in classical sharpening algorithms. The adaptive approach skips the noise producing a better sharpening scheme. Abrupt pixel value changes, if adequately emphasized, can be utilized effectively in the sharpening process. Since the residual image contains noise and edges, the bigger the filter size the greater the number of edges left in the residual image. Two residual images are produced first with different filter sizes. There is a relationship between these two residuals. A simple regression and standard deviation (±σ) is measured using these residuals. This linear equation is an expectation and the standard deviation is the difference between two residuals. One deviation (±σ) is proposed as the threshold. The points contained edges if the residual value is measured using a larger sized filter off ± σ than those residual using a smaller sized filter. A sensitive filter is adaptively applied to the image on those locations. It has been demonstrated that the proposed approach yields better results than the global filter as well as previous work on the P calculation results. A sharpening scheme without latent image noise amplification is useful for pattern recognition and machine-learning. In the future this scheme will be used to pre-process image segmentation.
Transition-metal Free C-N Bond Formation from Alkyl Iodide via Halogen-atom Transfer (XAT): Dual Roles of Diazonium Salts
Authors: Zhang Jing , Jiang Ming , Wang Changsheng , Guo Kai , Ni Shao-Fei , Chen Gen-Qiang , Zong Yan , Lu Hua , shao xinxin , Xu Li-Wen
Published: July 2022

The precise and effective construction of challenging C-N bond continues to be one part of the most significant goals in organic chemistry because of the universal applications of amines containing C-N bonds in pharmaceuticals, materials as well as agrochemicals. However, E2 elimination through classic SN2 substitution of alkyl halides with nitrogen nucleophiles often occurs and alkenes are generated as the major side-products especially when secondary or tertiary substrates are employed. Thus, formation of a challenging C(sp3)-N bond especially on tertiary carbon center remains highly desirable. Herein, we present a practically alternative approach to prepare primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl amines with high efficiency between alkyl iodides and electrophilic diazonium salts which are easily accessible and widely utilized in synthetic chemistry. This robust transformation only employs Cs2CO3 as the base promoting the halogen-atom transfer (XAT) process under transition-metal-free reaction conditions, thus providing a rapid and green method to assemble diverse C(sp3)-N bonds. And also, the reaction can be achieved by continuous-flow technology in large scare with Et3N was employed as organic base. Moreover, diazonium salts are found to serve as two important roles (alkyl radical initiator and amination reagent) in this process which was rarely explored in the previous radical reactions. Initial mechanism studies suggest this reaction undergoes through a halogen-atom transfer (XAT) between alkyl iodides and diazonium salts, resulting in the generation of the active alkyl radical which can couple well with diazonium cations to furnish the final products.
Nutrients' supplementation impacts on alcholoic fermentation of corn and sugarcane mixed wort
Authors: Silva Nathalia Dias , Alvim Mariana Resende , Rosario Carlos Gonzalo Alvarez , Espinosa Denise Crocce Romano , Baltazar Marcela dos Passos Galluzzi
Published: July 2022

Background
Corn and sugarcane account for the world's most used feedstocks for ethanol production. Although, a single fermentation line integrating both of these raw materials still require further investigations. Some studies suggest that nutrient deficiency or excess influences the yeast metabolism to convert sugar into ethanol. In that regard, this work aims to explore the nutrients’ supplementation impacts on alcoholic fermentation of corn and sugarcane mixed wort.
Results
Corn hydrolysate and sugarcane syrup presented a Carbon/Nitrogen ratio above the recommended levels for ethanol production, 229.2 C:N ratio and 322.7 C:N ratio, respectively. The nutrients with the highest impact on alcoholic fermentation were determined using one-way ANOVA and Tukey statistical test. Thus, Nitrogen was the nutrient with the highest positive impact on yeast specific growth rate (49%), technological yield (35%) and productivity (32%). Organic acids ranged from 0.2–1.4 g.L− 1, glycerol was between 4–8 g.L− 1 and mannitol was under 0.05 g.L− 1. All were under the estimated ranges for alcoholic fermentation.
Conclusions
Among the nutrients studied, Manganese, Potassium and Nitrogen were the nutrients which significantly impacted the fermentative parameters for ethanol production. Although both feedstocks were poor in Nitrogen for alcoholic fermentations, Nitrogen concentration supplied (2,970mg/L) was enough to promote the yeast consumption of all total reducing sugars presented in the mixed wort. As a result, Nitrogen was the only nutrient which increased both yeast specific growth rate and ethanol production. Nevertheless, further studies should investigate an optimal Nitrogen concentration in order to decrease the glycerol and drive the yeast metabolism, preferentially, for ethanol rather than biomass production.
Prospective study of thyroid functions in children with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Ansari Qudsiya , Ohri Alpana
Published: July 2022

Nephro-endocrine association has been known for a long time. The kidney contributes to clearance of iodine primarily by glomerular filtration. As iodine excretion is diminished in advanced renal failure, leading to an elevated plasma inorganic iodide concentration and initial increment in throidal iodide uptake. Increased total body iodide can potentially block thyroid hormone production by affecting the pituitary-thyroid axis and peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormone .So, thyroid dysfunction is commonly seen endocrine abnormality among CKD patients. A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted with 66 children to assess the prevalence of abnormal thyroid functions in children with chronic kidney disease and to correlate abnormal thyroid functions with different etiologies of chronic kidney disease and different stages of chronic kidney disease. It has been shown that in CKD, as the GFR falls there is a higher possibility of developing clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism.
Integrated Analysis of miRNAs and mRNA Profiling Reveals the Potential Role of miRNAs in Sheep Hair Follicle Development
Authors: He Junmin , Huang Xixia , Zhao Bingru , Liu Guifen , Tian Yuezhen , Zhang Guoping , Wei Chen , Mao Jingyi , Tian Kechuan
Published: July 2022

Background
Merino sheep have high wool production and excellent wool quality. The fleece of the Merino sheep is composed predominantly of wool fibers grown from hair follicles (HFs). The hair follicle is a complex biological system involved in a dynamic process governed by gene regulation. However, gene expression is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNA inhibits posttranscriptional gene expression by specifically binding to target messenger RNA (mRNA) and plays an important role in regulating gene expression, the cell cycle and biological development sequences. The purpose of this study was to bind to mRNA via miRNA to identify key miRNAs and target genes related to hair follicle development. This will provide new and important insights into fundamental mechanisms that regulate cellular activity and cell fate decisions inside and outside of the skin.
Results
We analyzed miRNA data in skin tissues of 18 Merino sheep at four embryonic days (E65, E85, E105 and E135) and two postnatal days (D7 and D30) and identified 87 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs). These six stages were further divided into two types of developmental stages based on heatmap cluster analysis, and the results showed that DE-mRNAs in Stage A were closely related to hair follicle morphogenesis. Co-analysis of Stage A DE-mRNAs and DE-miRNAs found that 9 DE-miRNAs and 17 DE-mRNAs have targeting relationships in Stage A. In our study, we found that miR-23b and miR-133 could target and regulate ACVR1B and WNT10A. In dermal fibroblasts, overexpression of miR-133 significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of ACVR1B. Overexpression of miR-23b significantly reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of WNT10A.
Conclusion
This study provides a new reference for the molecular basis of HF development and lays a foundation for further improving sheep HF breeding. miRNAs and target genes related to hair follicular development were found, which provided a theoretical basis for molecular breeding for the culture of fine wool sheep.
Real Emotion Seeker: Recalibrating Annotation for Facial Expression Recognition
Authors: Lin Zehao , She Jiahui , Shen Qiu
Published: July 2022

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) is a challenging classification task. Due to the subjectivity and ambiguity of performers and spectators, compound facial expression is hard to be represented by one-hot label. In this paper, a simple but efficient method, named Real Emotion Seeker (RES), is proposed to recalibrate the annotation of sample to latent expression distribution besides one-hot label. In particular, subjective implicit knowledge is transformed into posterior distribution which is specific to each FER dataset through Bayesian inference, thus enhancing universality and authenticity. The posterior distribution is then combined with one-hot label to form the recalibrated annotation as an additional supervision, guiding the prediction more realistic. Our proposed method is independent of the backbone network and can improve the accuracy significantly by an average of 3.16% with no burden for training and inference. Extensive experiments show that RES can obtain consistent prediction with human subjective intuition. Results on three in-the-wild datasets demonstrate that our approach achieves advanced results with 90.38% on RAF-DB, 90.34% on FERPlus and 62.63% on AffectNet.
CFD simulation of a small bubble motion in 3D flow domain: effect of liquid density, viscosity and surface tension
Authors: Crha Jakub , Basařová Pavlína , Ruzicka Marek C.
Published: July 2022

The motion of small slightly deformed bubbles rising in stagnant liquids was numerically simulated in a fully three-dimensional domain using the commercial CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) solver COMSOL Multiphysics. The interface was tracked by the built-in conservative Level set method on a fixed numerical grid. The purpose of this work was to validate the ability of the solver to calculate the single bubble motion in liquids, which differ in surface tension, dynamic viscosity, and density. Experimental data for three liquids and various initial bubble diameters (1–1.6mm) together with the recommended theoretical models were used for validation. Using a 3D domain, very good agreement was obtained both in bubble shape deformations and values of bubble terminal velocity. The best results were achieved for a liquid with low surface tension and low viscosity (1-propanol). In the case of high surface tension and low viscosity liquid (water) the solver underestimates bubble deformation and the bubble velocity. In case of glycerol (high surface tension and viscosity), the low bubble deformation is correctly calculated, but the velocity is underestimated.
YTHDF2-mediated Distinct m6A Regulations Bifurcate Ferroptosis and Apoptosis in BHPF-induced Developmental Defects
Authors: Hsu Chih-Hung , Lin Jiebo , Zhan Guankai , Liu Jinfeng  , Maimaitiyiming Yasen , Deng Zhiping , Li Baohua , Su Kunhui , Chen Jiafeng , Wang Lingfang , Zhang Jian , He Wentao , Chang Kao-Jung , Bjorklund Mikael , Xu Peng-Fei , Wang Fudi
Published: July 2022

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a critical regulator of RNA fate, but whether and how m6A executes its functions in different tissues remain largely obscure. Here we report YTHDF2 downregulation leading to various forms of tissue-specific programmed cell deaths (PCDs) upon fluorene-9-bisphenol (BHPF) exposure. Currently, bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes have been widely used in plastic manufacturing. Interrogating eight common BPA substitutes, we detected BHPF in 14% serum samples of pregnant women participants. In a zebrafish model, BHPF caused tissue-specific PCDs triggering cardiac and vascular developmental defects. Mechanistically, BHPF-mediated downregulation of YTHDF2 reduced YTHDF2-facilitated translation of m6A-gch1 for cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, and decreased YTHDF2-mediated m6A-sting1 decay for caudal vein plexus (CVP) apoptosis. Both YTHDF2-mediated distinct m6A regulations and context-dependent co-expression patterns of gch1/ythdf2 and tnfrsf1a/ythdf2 contributed to YTHDF2-mediated tissue-specific PCDs. Collectively, our findings demonstrate clear toxicity of BHPF during cardiovascular development via disrupting m6A/YTHDF2 regulatory axis and uncover a new layer of PCD regulation.
MAKO robotic arms assisted complete challenging total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Fu Kai , Zheng Liming , Lu Jun , Qin Jianghui , Chen Dongyang , Jiang Qing
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To determine whether robotic-arm assisted TKA is more suitable in the challenging cases (valgus or varus deviation ≥ 15°).Methods: In total, 99 participants undergoing primary TKA from May 1st, 2021, to Sep 1st, 2021 were analyzed. According to the degree of knee deformity and surgical method, they were divided into 4 groups, including the challenging conventional TKA group (CCT group, n=23), challenging CT-based robotic-arm assisted TKA group (CCRAT group, n=26), regular conventional TKA group (RCT group, n=27), and regular CT-based robotic-arm assisted TKA group (RCRAT group, n=26). We compared the prosthesis location, perioperative bleeding, and 6-months follow-up clinical function to evaluate the surgical method comprehensively. Results: There was a significant improvement in the correction of mechanical axis and coronal tibial component location both in the RCRAT and CCRAT groups. Also, secondary analyses indicated better scores in OKS and HSS questionnaires at a 6-months follow-up and less intraoperative blood loss in CRAT groups. However, compared with CCT groups, CRAT brought more postoperative pain and bleeding, especially in the RCRAT group. Conclusion: The CRAT improved the spatial accuracy of the prosthesis and postoperative knee function, as well as decreasing intraoperative bleeding in TKA, especially in challenging TKA. We concluded that the CRAT should be strongly suggested in challenging situations.
Zero-Shot Object Detection with Partitioned Contrastive Feature Alignment
Authors: Li Haohe , Wang Chong , Yu Shenghao , Huo Zheng , Zheng Yujie , Dong Li , Wu Jiafei
Published: July 2022

How to properly align the extracted visual features with certain semantic embeddings of unseen objects is crucial to the problem of Zero-Shot Object Detection (ZSD). To give a better guess of those unseen visual features, a partitioned contrast strategy is proposed in this paper to train the visual and attribute feature alignment networks. To be specific, four types of contrast are considered, including the visual-to-visual, visual-to-attribute, attribute-to-visual and attribute-to-attribute contrasts. Combining with two cross-batch memory banks of the visual features and unseen attribute features, it is effective to adjust the alignment rules for unseen visual features. Although the visual features of the unseen classes are missing during training, the common projection rules for visual and attribute features are learned by emphasizing the contrast involving unseen attribute features. Experimental results on the MS-COCO dataset show the superiority of the proposed model. Our code and models are publicly available at: https://github.com/lihh1023/PCFA-ZSD.
Frequency of Human Papilomavirus and associated factors in gypsy and quilombola women
Authors: Ross José de Ribamar , Marinelli Natália Pereira , Vidal Flavia Castello Branco , Fraga Elamary da Costa , Nascimento Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão , Safádi Marco Aurélio Palazzi
Published: July 2022

Background: The prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the general population is widely known, however, there are still few studies related to this infection in minority groups, Thus, the objective is to analyze the frequency of human papillomavirus and associated factors in quilombola and gypsy women. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 145 quilombola and gypsy women from Caxias, Maranhão. Two Pap smear collections were performed and a questionnaire with 46 questions was applied between January, 2020 and March, 2021. Descriptive analysis and Odds Ratio, with confidence interval of 95%. The research was approved by the ethics committee. Results: There were 09 cases of atypia. The frequency of human papillomavirus was 41.37%, with a higher risk in quilombolas 55(91.70%). Multiple infections were prevalent (53%) with high risk genotypes 21(35%). Types 16 and 18 together accounted for 42.85% of cases. Conclusions: The frequency of human papillomavirus infection was higher than those recorded in the Northeast and Brazil, and therefore type 16 predominated. Due to limitations, the virus lineages and sublineages were not evaluated. Quilombola women had a higher rate of infection than gypsies.
Neoclitoris location may affect sexual function in transgender women: a pelvic MRI study.
Authors: Vedovo Francesca , Pavan Nicola , Bertolotto M , Giangreco Manuela , Chiapparrone Gaetano , Ongaro Luca , Currò Francesca , Liguori Giovanni , Barbone Fabio , Trombetta Carlo
Published: July 2022

Natal women with anorgasmia possess a smaller clitoral glans and clitoral components farther from the vagina lumen than women with normal orgasmic function. There are no studies evaluating this correlation in operated transgender women. We evaluated whether differences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of neoclitoris volume and distance between the neoclitoris and the neo-vagina were correlated with differences in sexual function. We recruited for a prospective survey study 40 operated male to female patients (oMtF) who had undergone gender affirming surgery (GAS), using two different techniques, the pubic neoclitoris technique (PNT) and the neourethroclitoroplasty according to Petrović (NCP), and postoperative pelvic MRI. Individual pelvic MRIs were reviewed by two blinded investigators, the three axes of the neoclitoris were measured and the volume was calculated using the ellipsoid formula. The distance between the neoclitoris and the neovagina was also measured. Sexual functioning was assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the operated Male to Female Sexual Function Index (oMtFSFI). Mean scores differences in FSFI, oMtFSFI were examined; associations with clitoral size, location, sexual functioning and demographical variables were investigated as well. The response rate was 55%, 11 oMtFs were operated with PNT and 11 with NCP. The PNT group presented a neo-clitoris mean volume of 1.04 cc vs 1.31 cc of the other group (p = 0.55). The mean distance between neo-clitoris and neovagina was 4.20 cm in the PNT group and 2.55 in the NCP group (p < 0.001). Patients who had undergone NCP achieved a higher FSFI and oMtFSFI mean Total Score than those operated with the previous used PNT (FSFI 25.8 vs 18.6 p = 0.08; oMtFSFI 23.36 vs 27.18 p > 0.20). According to pelvic MRI measurements, this study suggests a correlation between neoclitoris location and operated male to female sexual satisfaction.
Efforts at the beginning pay off: sowing grasses and forbs simultaneously supports restoration of species-rich grasslands and improves weed control in ex-arable land
Authors: Kiss Réka , Deák Balázs , Tóth Katalin , Lukács Katalin , Rádai Zoltán , Kelemen András , Miglécz Tamás , Tóth Ágnes , Godó Laura , Valkó Orsolya
Published: July 2022

Seed sowing is widely used for the restoration of species-rich grasslands but still there are knowledge gaps regarding the most suitable application of different seed mixtures. We tested the effect of seed mixtures application timing on the establishment of sown forbs and weed control. 36 experimental plots with nine sowing treatments were established in an abandoned cropland in Hungary. Grass-seeds, diverse forb seed mixture and the combination of the two were applied: diverse forb mixture was sown simultaneously or 1, 2 or 3 years after grass sowing, in plots sown previously with grass or in empty plots (fallows). All sowing treatments supported the rapid establishment of the sown species in large cover and hampered weed encroachment. Forbs performed better when sown into fallows than in grass-matrix and forbs establishment was worse in older fallows than in younger ones. Grasses expressed a strong priority effect, especially when forbs were sown at least two years later than grasses. We also investigated the relation between seed germinability, weather parameters and establishment success. Germination rate in the greenhouse could not predict the establishment success of forbs in the field and showed great differences between years, hence we recommend sowing target forbs in multiple years.
WITHDRAWN: Condition Monitoring of Metro Wheelsets Using Wayside Vibration and Acoustic Sensors
Authors: KILINC Onur , Vágner Jakub
Published: July 2022

This paper presents a suitable framework that can diagnose wheelset related faults on metro trains using acoustic and vibration based techniques on the wayside. Proposed condition monitoring system includes four main stages; data acquisition, signal segmentation via one period analysis, feature extraction; WPE – Wavelet Packet Energy, TDF – Time-Domain Features and LCP-K – Linear Configuration Pattern Kurtograms and classification with state-of-art classifiers; FLDA – Fisher’s Linear Discriminant Analysis, SVM-I – Support Vector Machine, Dec. Tree – Decision Tree and PERLC – Linear Perceptron in addition to classifier combination techniques. Throughout the study, two databases (A1-A2), each of which is consistent of measured vibration and acoustic signals belong to healthy and faulty cases of the wheelsets of Prague metros respectively, are created. Since the number observations of faulty cases are limited, features are generated with ADASYN – Adaptive Synthetic Sampling and larger vibration and acoustic databases (SA1-SA2) are created. Acquired results show that TDF with Dec. Tree algorithm is capable of detecting wheelset faults with a 100\% accuracy in A1 and novel LCP-K method outperforms both in A2 and SA2 acoustic databases up to 93\% success rate while WPE outperforms via combined classifier approach by reaching 100\% detection performance. The proposed framework is considered to be helpful to the maintenance specialists since it can provide cost-effective maintenance of wheelsets not only for metros but also for other types of railway vehicles with its outstanding performance.
Embodied carbon emission of building materials in Southwest China: Analysis based on Tapio decoupling and LMDI decomposition
Authors: Wu Lilin , Wang Minxi , Cheng Jingyu , Li Xin
Published: July 2022

With the rapid development of urbanization, many housing constructions are being built in southwest China, which resulted in tremendous use of building materials, posing a potential threat to the environment. In order to formulate policies for low-carbon, green and sustainable development of buildings, it is necessary to explore the driving factors behind it. Taking the bottom-up material flow analysis as a framework, this research calculates the embodied carbon emissions of buildings on the basis of quantifying the stock of building materials in Southwest China from 2001 to 2020 and adopts the Logarithmic mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition analysis method to investigate the contribution of factors such as technological level, economic structure, per capita GDP and population density to the embodied carbon emissions of buildings. The research shows that: (1) The total embodied carbon emissions of building materials in Southwest China increased by 218.62%, of steel and cement contributed the most of carbon emissions. (2) In the past 20 years, the degree of decoupling in Southwest China has fluctuated greatly. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the provinces and cities in southwest China have an enormous degree of decoupling: Yunnan (-0.141) > Guizhou (-0.013) > Chongqing (0.047) > Tibet (0.120) > Sichuan (0.256). (3) The technological level is the first leading factor in the reduction of the embodied carbon emissions of buildings in southwest China, and the per capita GDP is the key factor to promote the growth of embodied carbon emissions. These findings could serve as a foundation for Southwest China's government to develop low-carbon building policies.
COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: What Has Changed in Common Home Accidents such as Foreign Bodies and Corrosive Injuries?
Authors: Balcı Özlem , Karaman Ayşe , Karımlı Baradar , Çağlar Özgür , Aksoy Nail , Tok Ayşegül , Karacan Can Demir , Özgüner İsmet Faruk , Karaman İbrahim
Published: July 2022

Background: COVID-19 Pandemic greatly affected our lives in all areas. Due to the social isolation policies implemented during this period, the majority of parents and all school-age children spent their lives at home. This study aims to investigate the effects of pandemic and isolation on home accidents treated in our center.Methods: Foreign body ingestion (G.FB), foreign body aspiration (R.FB), and corrosive substance ingestion (CS) cases admitted to our hospital between March 11, 2019 and March 10, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, type and cause of home accidents, the time of the accident and the admission to the hospital, the location of the foreign body, the time of exit were recorded and collected. The patients were divided into two groups pre-pandemic period (11 March 2019-10 March 2020) and the COVID pandemic period (11 March 2020-10 March 2021), and the data were evaluated in two groups as <6 years old and 6-18 years old.Results: During the two years, a total of 982 patients were admitted to our hospital for G.FB, R.FB, or CS. Four hundred and eighty-three of them (49.2%) were in the pre-pandemic period and 499 (50.8%) were in the pandemic period (p=0.206). The mean age of the patients was 3.63±3.32 years; 82.4% of the patients in the pre-pandemic group and 85.4% of the patients in the pandemic group were children <6 years old. While the F/M ratio was 1/1.5 during the pre-pandemic period, it was 1/1.1 during the pandemic period. Of the cases, 73.3% were G.FB, 4.6% were R.FB, and 22.1% were CS. Almost half of the accidents occurred between the hours of 16 and 24. During the pandemic period, the accidents increased to occur between 0-8 am in children <6 years old, and between 8 am-4 pm in children 6-18 years old (p=0.003). All of the home accidents in the 6-18 age group between 0-8 o'clock were girls (p<0.0001). During the pandemic period, the frequency of button batteries and food products increased in G.FB. And also the frequency of R.FB increased significantly (p=0.006) and the most common R.FB was the food products. The frequency of CS increased in girls during the pandemic period, and CSs were brought to the hospital in a shorter time after the accident during the pandemic period (p=0.007).Conclusions: It can be thought that the main reason why home accidents are common in the 0-6 age group is due to the developmental characteristics of the child rather than the longer time spent at home. Pandemic and isolation increase the frequency of foreign body aspirations and home accidents in girls.
Does Shape Matter? A comparative study of the usage of calibrated sieves in the study of archaeological and forensic human cremains
Authors: Budziszewski Adam
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the set of calibrated sieves became a crucial part of the methodology in the study of human cremains both in archaeology and forensic contexts. Especially in the studies over burned human remains from the British Isles, the standardized set of three calibrated sieves (>10mm, >5mm, >2mm) are used. This ubiquity is an effect of the methodology proposed by Jacqueline McKinley (1993; 1994). In terms of analytical transparency, the diameters of the mesh openings are commonly reported (not clear). However, the description of their shape is almost always omitted. The impact of the shape has been tested by repeating a series of sieving of archaeological human cremains by two sets of calibrated sieves. The first set had round-shaped openings, while the second had a quadrate. In addition, the intra-observer error was calculated to observe the significance of the differences between the tested sets of sieves. The results demonstrate statistically significant differences, which were visibly more statistically significant (p-value and t-value) compared to the intra-observer error. The diagonal of square-shaped mesh openings has been proposed as the most probable factor causing differentiation. In conclusion, the shape of mesh openings might have a significant impact on the results obtained in the studies using the calibrated sieves in the analytical protocol. Due to that, crucial information about the shape of mesh openings should be included in the methods sections along with the specification of the apparatus and diameter of mesh openings.
Mesoporous silica-coated silver nanoparticles as ciprofloxacin and siRNA co-delivery multifunctional platform for accelerated infected wound healing
Authors: Liu Qiqi , Zhang Ying , Huang Jingkai , Xu Zhourui , Li Xiang , Yang Jingyu , Huang Haoqiang , Tang Shiqi , Chai Yujuan , Lin Jinbo , Yang Chengbin , Liu Jia , Lin Suxia
Published: July 2022

The colonization of bacterial pathogens is a major concern in wound infection and becoming a public health issue. Herein, a core-shell structured Ag@MSN (silver core embedded with mesoporous silica, AM)-based nanoplatform was elaborately fabricated to co-load ciprofloxacin (CFL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) small interfering RNA (siTNF-α) (AMPC@siTNF-α) for treating the bacterial-infected wound. The growth of bacterial pathogens was mostly inhibited by released silver ions (Ag+) and CFL from AMPC@siTNF-α. Meanwhile, the loaded siTNF-α was internalized by macrophage cells, which silenced the expression of TNF-α (a pro-inflammatory cytokine) in macrophage cells and accelerated the wound healing process by reducing inflammation response. In the in vivo wound model, the Escherichia coli (E. coli)-infected wound in mice almost completely disappeared after treatment with AMPC@siTNF-α, and no suppuration symptom was observed during the course of the treatment. Importantly, this nanoplatform had negligible side effects both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this study strongly demonstrates the promising potential of AMPC@siTNF-α as a synergistic therapeutic agent for clinical wound infections.
Geomagnetic Superchron: Consequence of Supercontinent’s Breakup or Assembly
Authors: zhong Fu ping , Guo Feng , Liu Cao , Abdurahman Ahmatjan , Wang Yun Fei , Chen Xiao Zhuan , Yang Xue Feng , Li Dong Hui
Published: July 2022

It remains enigmatic why the geomagnetic polarity is frequently reversed and how geomagnetic superchrons were formed during Earth’s evolution. Here we establish a physical model to decipher the relationship among geomagnetic superchron, subducted slab and superplume. During the supercontinent’s breakup or assembly, the subducted slabs concentratively arrive at the core-mantle boundary (CMB) and form “collective graveyards”, leading to increase of radial temperature gradient of CMB. The energy accumulation by the radioactive elements and fertile components from the subducted slab facilitate the subsequent superplume activity which consumes tremendous heat supply from the outer core. The combined results of subducted slabs and superplume activity keep long-term heat supply from the liquid outer core to the “collective graveyard” and the unchanged direction of resultant velocity of the fluid across the outer core, thereby forming a geomagnetic superchron. Our results reveal that a geomagnetic superchron lags supercontinent’s assembly or breakup by 163-239 Myr.
Topology optimization-driven design of added rib architecture system for enhanced free vibration response of thin-wall plastic components used in the automotive industry
Authors: Remigio-Reyes Joel Omar , Olvera Isaías Emmanuel Garduño , Rojas-García José Manuel , Arcos_Gutiérrez Hugo , Ortigosa Rogelio
Published: July 2022

We are witnessing a relentless paradigm switch in the automotive industry, where traditional combustion engines are being progressively replaced with electric counterparts. In order to compensate for heavy electric engine technology, the plastic components usage in the interior parts of electric vehicles seems to be a reasonable strategy aligned with the lightweight trend as automotive industry top priority. Extremely thin plastic components (ultra-lightweight) attached to ribs-based architectures have been identified as an adequate solution offering a good balance between lightweight and structural/vibrational response of the overall composition. Still, they may yield detrimental features regarding thermal-induced deformations (i.e., warpage and shrinkage) associated with the typical mold injection process for their manufacturing. This paper aims to make use of topology optimization (TO) to determine the precise location of the added rib architecture system for enhanced vibration response of the overall plastic component (thin original plastic part and ribs architecture). Following a constant mass criteria, the topology optimization-driven design of the additional material is replaced with a more convenient ribs-based architecture component, showing a reasonable similarity from vibration standpoint. At a postprocessing stage, the design is analyzed subjected to typical static loading cases, to verify its stiffness properties. Finally, a warpage and shrinkage analysis of the design is carried out, verifying that the final design is not adversely affected according to standard considerations.
Tax Reform and Tax Revenue Collection Performance in Ethiopia (From 2005 to 2013 EFY)
Authors: Mengstu Moges
Published: July 2022

This study evaluates the relationship between different revenue sources on generated tax revenue proxy by the federally collected tax revenue. To carry out this exercise, quarterly time-series data for the years (2005–2013 EFY) was employed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tax policy reforms on revenue. The analysis showed that the reform of the tax policy since the 2009 fiscal year has not had a positive impact on tax revenue. The tax authority's eight-year tax collection efficiency was assessed by the tax buoyancy, which was 0.76 percent between 2005 and 2012, the tax buoyancy rate was 0.9 before the tax policy reform, and 0.6 after the reform. This shows that tax collection is low after the policy reform and that the tax policy reform has an impact on revenue collection. The regression result showed that reform in Value Added tax and Excise tax has a significant positive effect on revenue collection within the period under review. While reform in non-tax recorded a negative and insignificant effect on revenue collection. The Johansen cointegration test showed that a long-run meaningful relationship exists between tax reform and revenue collection (TR) in Ethiopia.