bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Addressing bladder and bowel challenges in dutch multiple sclerosis patients: Symptom prevalence and patient referral pathways
Authors: Faber Willemijn , Stillebroer Alexander B.
Published: October 2024

Objectives

Nerve damage and/or spinal cord injury in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) may result in the development of bladder and bowel problems. We wanted to gain insight into two issues: the prevalence of bladder and bowel problems among individuals with MS and the referral pathways for these problems to various physicians treating patients with MS.

Methods

In the autumn of 2021, we undertook a nationwide cross-sectional study. We used a comprehensive questionnaire comprising 63 questions covering aspects such as MS diagnosis, disease progression, bladder and bowel issues, and consultations with healthcare professionals. Individuals with MS were invited to participate through social media or by direct mail.

Results

The study included 1,082 validated respondents (81.5% female) with an average age of 53.3 years at participation, and an average age of 38.3 years at MS-diagnosis. Among the respondents, 91% experienced bladder problems while 73% indicated they had bowel problems. Within these respective groups, 42% and 47% were not aware of the connection between these issues and MS. Bladder and bowel related complaints disrupted daily life for 45% and 28% of the respondents, respectively. The patients consulted various healthcare providers for their complaints. Most respondents expressed dissatisfaction with the time it took to resolve their problems and 9% of those with bladder complaints and 60% of those with bowel complaints had not yet found a satisfactory solution.

Conclusions

In the Netherlands, bladder and bowel symptoms in individuals with MS are highly prevalent and have a considerable impact on quality of life. Lack of awareness of these symptoms frequently leads to inadequate recognition, both by the patient and healthcare professional. Patients often consult various healthcare professionals for these complaints, which can potentially result in suboptimal treatment due to a lack of specialized expertise.
Exploring challenges in audiovisual translation: A comparative analysis of human- and AI-generated Arabic subtitles in Birdman
Authors: Al Sawi Islam , Allam Rania
Published: October 2024

Movies often use allusions to add depth, create connections, and enrich the storytelling. However, translators may face challenges when subtitling movie allusions, as they must render both meaning and culture accurately despite existing language and cultural barriers. These challenges could be further complicated by the use of available AI tools attempting to subtitle movie allusions, while probably unaware of existing cultural complexities. This research investigates these challenges using qualitative and descriptive quantitative approaches by analyzing the movie Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance), comprising13.014 words, to identify the types of allusions used and compare the human- vs. AI (ChatGPT)-generated Arabic subtitles in terms of the subtitling strategies, their frequency, and quality. The results revealed that the movie used 52 Noun Phrase (NP) allusions, where the writer intertextually employed a proper name to convey meaning, and 8 Key-Phrase (KP) allusions, where the writer used phrases that convey implicit meaning easily perceived by members of the source culture (by referring to religious, literary, or entertainment texts). For NP allusions, both the human translator and AI opted for retentive strategies; however, the human translator’s preference to add guidance/parentheses to mark NP allusions was distinct. Additionally, it was observed that AI used neologism to render technology-related allusions, which could be a suggested strategy for NP subtitling into Arabic. For KP allusions, while the human translator seemed to be cognizant of the idea that KP allusions typically require a change in wording, AI fell short. Specifically, the human translator employed reduction in 5 out of 8 KPs, opting for minimum change/literal translation only three times. Conversely, AI utilized literal translation in all 8 examples, despite its awareness of the allusion and its intricate meaning/reference. As for the FAR assessment, for NP allusions, it revealed minor semantic errors in AI’s subtitles that did not affect the plot. Regarding KP allusions, AI’s subtitles were penalized in 5 out of its 8 Arabic renditions, in contrast to the human translator. Most of the errors were serious semantic errors that likely disrupted the flow of reading the subtitles due to conveying irrelevant meanings in the movie’s/scene’s context. Despite its functionality, this study suggests adding an extra parameter to the FAR model: consistency, as it plays a role in enhancing audience involvement and understanding. Its absence, as observed in some AI instances, can be misleading.
Climate mitigation potential of natural climate solutions and clean energy on The Nature Conservancy properties in California, USA
Authors: Wilson Kristen N. , Salzer Daniel W. , Passero Michelle C.
Published: October 2024

Natural climate solutions (NCS) and transitioning to clean energy can reduce greenhouse gases and contribute to mitigating climate change. Private landowners with large holdings, such as conservation organizations like The Nature Conservancy, have set ambitious goals to reduce net emissions and increase sequestration on their lands by implementing NCS. We assessed the potential carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO2e) reduction from feasible NCS, specifically implementing new restoration and agricultural management activities, and transitions to clean energy on The Nature Conservancy, California chapter’s fee-owned and conservation easement properties. We compared the total CO2e reduction from potential new NCS activities to the impact from ongoing NCS activities, the chapter’s 2030 goal, and the state’s reduction goal for natural and working lands to understand how the organization can contribute to climate mitigation. We found that implementing NCS on 37 fee-owned properties (63,175 MTCO2e year –1) and clean energy on 10 fee-owned properties (488 MTCO2e year –1) combined would not reach the chapter’s 2030 goal (72,000 MTCO2e year –1), and there can be tradeoffs between maximizing CO2e reduction and protecting conservation values. However, ongoing changes to forest management on a single conservation easement property, where another non-profit harvests timber and sells carbon credits, currently contributes 147,749 MTCO2e year –1, more than two times the 2030 goal and representing 7.4% of the state’s annual goal. Our results suggest that The Nature Conservancy, California chapter would need to implement NCS on some of the conservation easements or consider future land protection deals with carbon rich ecosystems or high impact NCS to reach their CO2e reduction goal.
Is human albumin injection the best choice to treat hypoalbuminemia?
Authors: Shi Yingqin , Song Hai , Fang Lingzhi , Wu Fuxi , Qiu Bo , Tian Dongdong , Liu Caixia , Di Hailing
Published: October 2024

Background

Currently, there is an irrational use of drugs in the treatment of hypoproteinemia. This study evaluates the value of 12 injections to provide a basis for drug selection for the treatment of hypoproteinemia.

Methods

The content of the first restrictive amino acid, the comprehensive quality of the total essential amino acid, and the closeness to the whole egg protein or FAO/WHO model were evaluated to compare their value in the amino acid synthesis of human serum albumin. A comparison was made between the matching degree of HA and therapeutic amino acids with the human plasma amino acid profile. Furthermore, the value and safety of synthetic human serum albumin were compared.

Results

The lowest synthetic value of human serum albumin was 18AA-V, and the highest was 18AA-II. The CS values of HA, 18AA-V, 18AA-II, 18AA-Ip, 18AA-IIp, and 19AA-Ip were 0.18, 0.58, 0.78, 0.55, 0.54, and 0.59, respectively. The similarity to egg protein was 0.81, 0.92, 0.94, 1.00, 1.18, and 1.18, respectively. The proximity values to FAO/WHO standards were 0.81, 0.85, 0.90, 1.36, 1.54, and 1.54, respectively. The changes in 3AA and the amino acid profile were matched when liver function was abnormal. When the renal function was abnormal, 9AA was matched. During trauma, 18AA-VII was matched. The amino acid profile of HA did not correspond.

Conclusion

Patients with normal liver and kidney function should choose compound balanced amino acid injection, while patients with abnormalities should choose 3AA. Patients with renal dysfunction should choose 9AA. Trauma patients should choose 18AA-VII.
Acute and chronic impact of interleukin-33 stimulation on chemokines and growth factors in human cord blood-derived mast cells
Authors: Bakhashab Sherin , Banafea Ghalya H. , Ahmed Farid , Alsolami Reem , Schulten Hans-Juergen , Gauthaman Kalamegam , Naseer Muhammad Imran , Pushparaj Peter Natesan
Published: October 2024

Background

Mast cells (MCs) are multifaceted immune cells that are capable of recognizing and responding to various stimuli by releasing an array of cytokines. We aimed to use human cord blood-derived mast cells (hCBMCs) as a model to evaluate different conditions under which chemokines and growth factors are expressed and secreted as mediators upon stimulation with the alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33).

Methods

hCBMCs were stimulated with 10 ng/mL or 20 ng/mL of recombinant human IL-33 (rhIL-33) for 6 h (acute) or 24 h (chronic). The mRNA expression of chemokines and growth factors was analyzed using microarrays, and the mediators released in the supernatant were evaluated using a multiplex assay.

Results

The mRNA expression levels of C-C chemokine ligands (CCL) CCL1, CCL5, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-4/CCL18 were upregulated under all conditions. In contrast, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) CXCL8 and CCL24 levels increased only under acute (6 h) and prolonged (24 h) conditions, respectively. Moreover, high levels of CXCL8, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β were secreted during acute inflammation, whereas the release of GM-CSF and CXCL9 proteins increased under all four conditions.

Conclusions

This study highlights the sentinel role of MCs in mounting a specific immune response against a pathogenic-like stimulus in a timely and dose-dependent manner and is relevant for improving inflammatory treatment options.
Examination of public perceptions of microbes and microbiomes in the United States reveals insights for science communication
Authors: Kokkinias Katherine , Pruneski Katherine , Wrighton Kelly , Kelp Nicole
Published: October 2024

Within a changing research and media landscape, misconceptions and misinformation about microorganisms and microbiomes can arise, necessitating improvements in science communication practices through insights in public perceptions of the microbial world. Yet, little is known about public perceptions of microorganisms and microbiomes, making it difficult to develop tailored messaging. Here we perform an inductive thematic analysis with interviews and surveys from thirty adults across the United States to identify key factors to enhance microbial science communication efforts. Together, our results underscore the importance of 1) recognizing the existing and desired future knowledge of an audience, 2) aligning with broader socio-scientific issues that resonate with people in relevant channels using social networks, 3) fostering collaboration between microbiologists, social scientists, and communicators to improve messaging, and 4) appealing to people’s values and emotions to establish meaningful connections. This study concludes that non-microbial interests, such as an interest in health and wellness, may lead to acquisition of microbial knowledge and that people want scientists to share microbial messages preferably on platforms like social media. Additionally, we identified confusion about microbial terms and a desire to understand human-centric benefits of microorganisms and microbiomes. We suggest that microbiologists partner with science communicators to develop microbial messaging, capitalizing on connections to non-microbial interests and appealing to people’s microbial worldview.
Podéis llamarme plantón. Escuchando el rumor de los pinos
Authors: Casado-Neira David
Published: October 2024

El bosque se ha establecido como un lugar de fuertes raíces en el imaginario de lo natural. Responde, a su vez, a una determinada imagen del santuario, como biotopo en el que la vida orgánica emerge en su forma original. El santuario protege y cura, y representa un lugar en el que se materializa un ideal, una utopía, una salvación. Paradójicamente el bosque es un producto histórico que juguetea con la idea de lo originario, y es mucho más que ecosistema. El bosque transita entre estados, formas y esencias. Iremos tras los rastros de la genealogía del bosque actual en la historia de España a través de tres estados y sus nombres: de la plantación al bosque, del bosque al parque, del parque al paraíso. Y en todos el árbol es plantón. La (re)forestación se muestra como el retorno a un estado de Naturaleza previo que ha borrado su historia.
Revisando a Erauso. Decolonizando nuestro imaginario transfeminista desde el arte
Authors: Alvarez Uria Amaia
Published: October 2024

Catalina de Erauso, personaje histórico conocido como “la monja alférez”, ha sido representado de diversas maneras según quién lo retratara y con qué propósito. Es por ello que, después de hacer un sintético repaso a las diferentes aproximaciones a esta figura, se propone examinar los discursos y las representaciones realizadas en tres exposiciones artísticas llevadas a cabo en Londres 2021, Barcelona 2021 y Bilbao 2022. Para, de esa manera, darnos cuenta de que las perspectivas transfeministas y decoloniales van dejando huella en su simbolización estos últimos años. Y así, concluir que es de vital importancia recrear los mitos históricos y culturales con sus luces y sus sombras.
Olvidar los nombres
Authors: Rubio Mengual Iñaki
Published: October 2024

Desde mi trabajo en residencias de ancianos observando la gestión de la vida y sus límites, propongo indagar sobre situaciones en las que el nombre deja de funcionar, ya no hace lo que hacía, ya no refiere a una persona, o al menos, la persona ya no se siente referida por este. Nombres que no se usan, que no aúnan, que no nombran, pero que, sin embargo, contrastan con la necesidad de producir nombres para una época en la que los viejos no funcionan. Todo ello en aras de contar determinadas situaciones, figuras y experiencias que quedan fuera de lo que las ciencias sociales analizan. Un empeño que engarza con las preocupaciones de la revista, su trayectoria pasada y el futuro que hoy se abre.
Nombrando a Rosa. O cómo imaginar las vidas que tuvieron los muertos del Mediterráneo
Authors: Kobelinsky Carolina
Published: October 2024

Esta historia ocurre en Catania, Sicilia y tiene que ver con la cantidad de personas que mueren intentando llegar a Europa sin tener las autorizaciones que los distintos Estados requieren. También tiene que ver con hombres y mujeres que han decidido ocuparse de estos muertos buscando identificarlos y contactar a sus familias. Esta es una empresa compleja, que no nos interesa demasiado para avanzar con la historia. Lo que sí nos interesa es que algunas de las personas que se han embarcado en tamaña actividad hayan empezado, casi sin darse cuenta, a dar nombres (Assam, Rosa, Omar, Blessing) a varios de los NN enterrados en el “quadrato migranti” del cementerio local. No se trata del resultado de un procedimiento de identificación. No. Es más bien la voluntad de imaginar la vida de estos muertos, aquella que tuvieron en sus países de origen, aquella que deseaban en Europa y no lograron. Y en ese nombrar e imaginar reside una nueva inscripción social para estos muertos.
Desnombrados
Authors: Gatti Gabriel
Published: October 2024

Sin nombre no hay identidad, parece, y si el nombre cambia, la identidad se pierde. O no. Para pensar esa relación, tan estrecha, entre nombre e identidad el texto repasa mi relación con el nombre, en cuatro momentos. El primero es cuando pensé la fuerza del nombre para quienes se lo cambiaban; el segundo para cuando abordé la catástrofe de nombres que se disocian de sus cuerpos; el tercero cuando di con nombres que, circulando, hacían pensables fenómenos, situaciones, personas que sin ellos no existían; el cuarto es ahora cuando creo que es posible existir sin nombre, sin sentido, sin lenguaje.
Dos nombres y muchas fronteras
Authors: Le Courant Stefan
Published: October 2024

Basado en una investigación etnográfica, este artículo cuenta un caso en donde el vínculo entre identidades y fronteras se imbrican y se complican mutuamente. Muestra cómo las fronteras no son solo sitios donde las identidades son controladas, sino también espacios de creación de identidades cuyo devenir es incierto. El texto sigue la trayectoria de un joven oriundo de Mali que llega a Francia y no logra obtener un permiso de residencia. La irregularidad administrativa lo conduce a generar y habitar una nueva identidad que afecta su vida cotidiana, más allá del ámbito meramente burocrático. En definitiva, detrás de un asunto de nombres y papeles, lo que se pone en juego constantemente para este joven es el carácter tangible y omnipresente de la frontera. De una frontera que (le) complica la vida y que, de algún modo, (le) impide ser.
Nomenclaturas del anonimato en las calles de Montevideo
Authors: Montealegre Natalia
Published: October 2024

Este breve texto explora la dinámica vertiginosa de cambio de nombres de quienes viven en las calles de Montevideo. Esos cambios de apelativo de las “personas en situación de calle” están ligados tanto a la resolución de conflictos territoriales como a marcadores lingüísticos producto de institucionalizaciones tempranas en “hogares de amparo” o a procesos de cambio de género no lineales. Se comparten algunas reflexiones en base a un trabajo etnográfico en equipo, retomando herramientas clásicas de la antropología para comprender el cambio de denominación en diversos contextos culturales, pensando la liminalidad ya no como estado intermedio sino como un estatus en sí mismo que, a través de sucesivas desagregaciones, constituye al vivir en calle. Estas nociones de liminalidad y desagregación se imbrican de forma peculiar con los etiquetajes y estigmas de quienes irrumpen en el espacio público con su permanencia y prácticas de subsistencia.
El nombre de quienes no tienen nombre
Authors: Norandi Mariana
Published: October 2024

El texto invita a reflexionar sobre las identidades que se construyen entre dos territorios nacionales y que no pueden definirse con un solo nombre. Son identidades propias de personas desplazadas de su lugar de origen durante la infancia, que se construyen entre dos mundos. Se parte del caso de las hijas e hijos exiliados no retornados del Uruguay, para, desde ahí, pensar identidades que rompen con el binarismo moderno y que transitan entre nombres y pertenencias. El texto concluye en que, si bien estas identidades ocupan un espacio situado “entre dos” estados nacionales, no significa que su posición sea estable ni equidistante entre dos nombres, sino que se desplazan constantemente entre ambos. Son tan inestables que a veces se decantan hacia un lado y otras hacia otro; a veces parecen una cosa, aunque no lo sean y otras no lo son, aunque parezcan, quebrantando con ello la lógica moderna de la disyunción y la exclusión, los esencialismos y las dicotomías.
¿De dónde salen todas estas bisexuales? Lo que hay antes y después del nombre
Authors: Calcedo Roda Paula
Published: October 2024

El reciente éxito de la bisexualidad en España, que deriva de su expansión entre quienes se entendían como heterosexuales y también entre quienes utilizaron las etiquetas de “bollera” o “maricón” para definirse, ha traído consigo movimientos aparentemente contradictorios. Un movimiento es de apertura, el que entiende la bisexualidad como fluida porque no está constreñida por ningún género, como sí lo están la heterosexualidad y la homosexualidad. El otro movimiento es de cierre, el que se da desde ciertos espacios intelectuales y/o de activismo dentro del Estado español que expresa una búsqueda de rasgos que identifiquen a las personas bisexuales, dirigiéndose así hacia la creación de un marco común de lo que es ser bisexual en el sentido estético y de expresión corporal a través de conceptos como el de la pluma bisexual. Este artículo recorre esos dos movimientos, y explora lo que los posibilita: el trabajo —académico y activista— que consigue asentar una definición de la bisexualidad y su afirmación en los espacios de activismo LGTBIQ+.
Sin pañuelo ni documento. Alegrías y tragedias del papel de identidad
Authors: Schindel Estela
Published: October 2024

El texto recorre algunos momentos y modos de la des-identificación, esto es, la separación entre un cuerpo viviente y los papeles que lo sujetan a un Estado. Si en la cultura popular de los 1960s latinoamericanos la carencia de documentación podía llegar a experimentarse como un modo utópico de la libertad, las dictaduras del cono sur poco más tarde invirtieron el sentido de esta desinscripción al producir, con los desaparecidos, un modo extremo del abandono al poder soberano en la negación absoluta de nombre e identificación y la producción de nuda vida. En la indocumentación voluntaria de quienes migran hacia Europa la destrucción del pasaporte se convierte en astucia deterritorializante, pero son estrategias inermes ante la reestructuración del lazo soberano entre individuo y Estado que acarrean las tecnologías biométricas. Allí se pone en juego la definición misma de lo humano y se plantea la pregunta por el estatuto de la información generada desde los cuerpos. La muerte y el re-nacimiento administrativos que atraviesan quienes optan por cambiar de género, por último, se plantea como otra posibilidad emancipatoria contenida en el distanciamiento de lo que Paul B. Preciado llama “prótesis política”: el papel de identidad.
Kisvízgyűjtők vízmérlegének változása a várható klímaváltozás következtében az Alföldön
Authors: Tran Hop Quang
Published: October 2024

Az éghajlatváltozás várható negatív hatásait a vízgazdálkodás területén egyértelműen és konkrétan – területi és időbeli felbontásban egyaránt – azonosítani szükséges, hogy ezáltal hatékony adaptációs stratégiákat alakíthassunk ki a társadalmi, gazdasági igényekkel és a víztől függő természetes ökoszisztémákkal kapcsolatos kockázatok minimalizálása érdekében. Mára a technológiai és informatikai fejlődésnek köszönhetően a különféle matematikai, fizikai és kémiai alapú modellezésekkel a természetben lezajló folyamatokat a valósághoz közelítően tudjuk szimulálni. A számos hidrológiai modell közül kiemelkedik a MIKE SHE integrált modellje, amelynek a kimeneti eredményei sokoldalúan és átfogóan írják le a természetes vízkörforgást, és alkalmazása hatékony eszköz lehet a vízgazdálkodás fontos stratégiai kérdéseink megválaszolása során. Az értekezés az egymástól eltérő természeti adottságú Dong-ér kisvízgyűjtő és a Berettyó részvízgyűjtő hidrológiai és vízmérlegi változásait vizsgálja a klímaváltozásra visszavezethető hatások és a modell beállítási hatótényezőinek tükrében. A dolgozat – a földtudomány széles spektrumát felhasználva és a hidrológiai modellek által nyújtott lehetőségekkel – a módszertani és gyakorlati eredményeket taglalja.
A (in)fluência do Tractatus de Wittgenstein no pensamento Hadotiano da filosofia como modo de vida
Authors: Batista Lopes de Oliveira Rafael
Published: October 2024

Resumo: Pierre Hadot apresenta Wittgenstein como um dos filósofos que o ajudou na sua concepção de filosofia como modo de vida e como um exemplo da persistência dela para além da filosofia antiga. Assim, neste artigo, apresentamos o teor dessa (in)fluência pela obra Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus - obra situada na primeira fase do pensamento do austríaco. Para isso, esperamos mostrar, no primeiro capítulo, a leitura hadotiana da obra e, no segundo, suas recusas e aceitações a ela. Com isso, oferecemos uma ampliação do debate acerca do que é o escrito tractatiano e alguns pormenores daquele conceito do francês que marca o debate sobre o que consiste a filosofia e sua história.
Palavras-chave: Pierre Hadot; Filosofia como Modo de Vida; Wittgenstein; Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
The (in)fluence of Wittgenstein's Tractatus in Hadotian thought of philosophy as a way of life
Abstract: Pierre Hadot presents Wittgenstein as one of the philosophers who helped him in his conception of philosophy as a way of life and as an example of its persistence beyond ancient philosophy. Therefore, in this article, we present the content of this (in)fluence on the work Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus - a work located in the first phase of the Austrian's thought. To this end, we hope to show, in the first chapter, the Hadotian reading of the work and, in the second, his refusals and acceptances of it. With this, we offer an expansion of the debate about what tractatian writing is and some details of that French concept that marks the debate about what philosophy and its history consist of.
Keywords: Pierre Hadot; Philosophy as a Way of Life; Wittgenstein; Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
 
Data de registro: 26/02/2024
Data de aceite: 09/07/2024
Typical clinical practice of treating patients with chronic migraine
Authors: Golovacheva V. A. , Golovacheva A. A. , Tarshilova A. R. , Osipova V. V.
Published: October 2024

Currently, effective methods for the treatment of chronic migraine (CM) have been developed, but it remains unclear how they are used in real clinical practice and how often. The typical practice of treating patients with CM in our country has not been sufficiently investigated, which formed the basis for conducting this study.

Objective: to evaluate the quality of treatment of patients with CM in real-life neurological practice.

Material and methods. The study included 200 patients with CM (63 men and 137 women, mean age – 33.1±7.1 years) admitted to A.Ya. Kozhevnikov Clinic of Nervous Diseases (CND) of Sechenov University for frequent headaches, who were previously treated by neurologists in other medical institutions on an outpatient and/or inpatient basis. All patients were clinically interviewed to establish a diagnosis and analyze their previous treatment.

Results. All patients had an experience of incorrect or inadequate treatment, including ineffective drug and non-drug methods. All patients were taking painkillers to relieve migraine, but less than half of them was satisfied with their effectiveness. Only 12 (8.5%) patients with medication overuse headache had previously received treatment for drug overuse. None of the patients who were admitted to CND had previously received cognitive-behavioral therapy and treatment with an interdisciplinary approach that included not only pharmacotherapy but also psychological and behavioral methods and kinesiotherapy.

Conclusion. In real-life clinical practice, ineffective methods are often used to treat migraine, and an interdisciplinary approach that includes effective pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacological methods is lacking.
Analysis of migraine characteristics in postmenopausal women
Authors: Klimentova D. A. , Kosivtsova O. V. , Sergeev A. V. , Tabeeva G. R.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to identify characteristics of migraine in women in postmenopause (PM) by analyzing the frequency, duration and intensity of migraine attacks, assessment of quality of life, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances in patients in the reproductive phase (RP) and in the PM.

Material and methods. The study comprised 60 migraine patients (30 patients in the RP, 30 patients in the PM). During the personal interview, age, migraine type, frequency and duration of attacks and headache (HA) intensity on the visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded. The patients then completed the questionnaires: HIT-6, MIBS-4, HURT, Migraine- ACT, MIDAS, SF-36, HADS, ISQ. The statistical analysis was performed in Microsoft Office Excel 2021.

Results. The risk of high intensity HA (≥8 points on the VAS) was significantly higher in patients in the PM than in patients in the RP [p<0.05; relative risk (RR) 1.77]. The risk of necessity of a revision of therapy of attacks was higher in the PM than in the RP (p=0.004; RR=2.2). The risk of insomnia was higher in the PM than in the RP (p=0.004; RR=4.67). The risk of severe headache impact (HIT-6) and high migraine burden (MIBS-4) was higher in patients in the PM than in the RP (ORHIT6=1.7; ORMIBS4=1.78). All indicators of SF-36 quality of life questionnaire were significantly lower in patients in the PM group than in the RP group (p<0.05). The risk of subclinical and clinical anxiety (p<0.05; RR=4.33) and depression (p<0.05; RR=2.75) was significantly higher in the PM than in the RP.

Conclusion. Migraine attacks in women in the PM are more intense than in women in the RP, quality of life is lower, and revision of therapy for attacks is required more frequently. Patients with migraine in the PM are more likely to suffer from anxiety, depression and insomnia. Further research is needed to determine the causes of the observed phenomena and to develop migraine therapy in patients in the PM.
Isu Rasisme dalam Hubungan Internasional : Narasi “Asian Hate” dan Mispersepsi Amerika Serikat terhadap China di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Hasnaa Ananda Yuan
Published: October 2024

As a country with the high criminality level in treating the coloures skinned tribes badly, the United States uses the discrimination, as a political method, to blame the society by spreading hatred among them in order to make cracks among them. The discrimantion has always been in line with the white supremacy policy. It started to come up in public again when the virus of Covid-19 orginated from appred in the United States, which the statements “Chinese Virus” and “Kungflu Virus” at the mention of Covid-19 became a factor in the occurrence of the Asian Hate phenomenon. In this study, an analysis will be carried out using the theory of perceptions and misperceptions to find the reasons behind this concern about Asian Hate. This research will answer the question “How Does the Issue of Racism Affect the United States' Perception of Cina in Creating Asian Hatred in the Midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic?”. The purpose of this research is to analyze the country's perceptions that can cause a phenomenon or misperceptions against a competing country using the theory of perceptions and misperceptions by Robert Jervis. This study uses a qualitative research type where the data will be processed using descriptive methods. As a result, Asian Hate is rising as a misperception between United State and China because of white supremacy.
PERAN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN PANGAN SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENANGANI KRISIS KELAPARAN DI SAHEL TAHUN 2013-2015
Authors: Widianingrum Afifah Rizqy , Windiani Reni , Wahyudi Fendy Eko
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe the role of FAO as an international organization in increasing food security as an effort to deal with the hunger crisis in the Sahel in 2013-2015. This research based on 2013-2015, the Sahel region was hit by a food insecurity crisis. Poor food conditions occur due to a variety of complex factors such as a prolonged drought which has an impact on drought, soil degradation and erosion, outbreaks, and internal conflicts. As a result, people have limited access to nutritious food and experience acute malnutrition. Thus, efforts to overcome the hunger crisis in the Sahel region really need to be done. This aims to reduce the increasing number of hunger and death. If there is no support, the community will have to live without adequate food and nutrition stocks. Therefore, international organizations exist to deal with the current hunger crisis, one of which is the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Using the theory of liberalism and the concept of international organizations which are derivatives of liberalism, this research analyses the Sahel region. The result shows that FAO has a role to play in increasing food security in the Sahel region in overcoming the food crisis that occurred in 2013-2015.
KERJA SAMA DIREKTORAT JENDERAL BEA CUKAI (DJBC) DENGAN THE GENERAL ADMINISTRATION OF CHINA CUSTOMS (GACC) DALAM UPAYA MENGATASI PENYELUNDUPAN NARKOBA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dewi Lukitasari Prima
Published: October 2024

Illegal drug smuggling is an organized transnational crime which needs to be handled since it has a global scope. Indonesia as a sovereign nation has an obligation to protect its national interest to eradicate any drug smuggling activity into Indonesian territory. Indonesia has been doing various efforts, domestically and internationally, to make this goal a reality. In the international aspect, Indonesia is cooperating with China in the customs field. Indonesian Direktorat Jenderal Bea Cukai and General Administration China Customs cooperate in an effort to eradicate numbers of illegal drugs smuggled to Indonesian soil.The purpose of this research is to describe and provide understanding about forms of international cooperation between Direktorat Jenderal Bea Cukai and General Administration China Customs. Research method used in this research is the qualitative method. This research is descriptive and analytical in nature. Concepts utilized in this research are non-traditional security and international cooperation, specifically transgovernmental networks. The results of this research shows that Direktorat Jenderal Bea Cukai and General Administration China Customs have done several efforts in information, knowledge, and assistance with each other to eradicate illegal drug smuggling as an organized transnational crime.
Association of Paraoxonase 55 and 192 Gene Polymorphisms on Serum Homocysteine Concentrations in Preeclampsia
Authors: Isbilen E. , Yilmaz H. , Ergen H. Arzu , Unlucerci Y. , Isbir Turgay , Gurdol F.
Published: October 2024

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is thought to influence serum homocysteine concentrations, at least in part, due to its homocysteine thiolactonase activity and to play a role in preeclampsia and atherosclerosis. We investigated the effects of PON 55 and PON 192 polymorphisms on plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in preeclamptic and healthy pregnants among Turkish population (N = 106). PON 55 and 192 genotypes were determined by PCR RFLP techniques. Plasma tHcy concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. No differences were observed in the distribution of PON 1 55/192 genotypes and allele frequencies between the preeclamptic and healthy pregnants. tHcy level in the plasma of preeclamptic women was found to be increased in comparison with healthy pregnants (P < 0.01). Preeclamptic women bearing the mutated PON 192 RR and wild-type PON1 55 LL genotypes had higher tHcy levels than those of the healthy pregnants with the corresponding genotypes, supporting the possibility that the hyperhomocysteinaemia seen in preeclamptic women is associated with the PON genotypes. However, no influence of the allelic distribution on plasma tHcy concentrations was detected in either group. Our results suggest that PON1 55 and 192 genotypes might have an important role in developing hyperhomocysteinaemia and may also have a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia in a Turkish population.
Gamma-Radiation-Induced Phosphorylation of p53 on Serine 15 Is Dose-Dependent in MOLT-4 Leukaemia Cells
Authors: Tichý Aleš , Záškodová D. , Zoelzer F. , Vávrová J. , Šinkorová Z. , Pejchal J. , Österreicher J. , Řezáčová M.
Published: October 2024

Molecular indicators of the absorbed dose of ionizing radiation are powerful tools in biodosimetry. The studies reported here were undertaken with the motivation to find such a marker among the mo lecules involved in ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase-dependent signalling induced by ionizing radiation (ATM-kinase, checkpoint kinase-2, protein p53, and oncoprotein Mdm2). In our previous work on T-lymphocyte leukaemia MOLT-4 cells we described the mentioned molecules of ATM-dependent pathway and none of them showed a pronounced dosedependent response. Here we employed Western blotting and ELISA assay to investigate the response of post-translationally modified p53 (particularly phosphorylated on serine 15) after gamma-irradiation. We have found the amount of phosphorylated p53 to be homogenously increased after irradiation by the doses of 0.5 to 7.5 Gy. The dose-dependent response was pronounced especially after the doses up to 3.0 Gy. The presented data indicate that p53 phosphorylated on serine 15 might be used as a potential biodosimetric marker.
Microarray Analysis Using a Limited Amount of Cells
Authors: Peterková Martina , Koutná I. , Tesařová L. , Potěšilová M. , Kozubek M. , Hrabčáková V. , Klabusay M. , Doubek M. , Mayer J.
Published: October 2024

cDNA microarray technology is widely used in various biological and medical disciplines to determine gene expression profiles. Unfortunately, this technology requires a large quantity of input RNA. Since there is an increasing need for more precise analyses of defined cell subpopulations with low cell counts, working protocols using a minimal number of input cells are required. Optimal RNA isolation and its accurate amplification are crucial to the success of these protocols. The HL-60 cell line was used in the search for a suitable protocol that can be used for clinical samples of CD34+ haematopoietic cells obtained from bone marrow. The goal was to discover the best method for isolating and amplifying RNA from a small number of cells. Our evaluation of various methods and kits available in the market revealed that the combination of RNAqueous™ Kit for RNA isolation and the SenseAmp Plus Kit for one-round RNA amplification produced the best results. This article presents a verified protocol describing a reliable and reproducible method for obtaining enough input RNA for microarray experiments when the number of cells is limited.
The influence of conditions on water holding capacity characteristics of triticale varieties planted in the Samarkand region
Authors: Usmanova Makhliyo , Urokov Sirojiddin , Xadjayev Djurakul , Jurayeva Zukhra , Keldiyarova Xurshida , Valiyev Shuhrat
Published: October 2024

In this article, the possibilities of water holding capacity in the leaves of triticale varieties were studied in the conditions of LFMC-70% and arid LFMC-50% of grassland-gray soils of Samarkand region, and the drought resistance characteristics of the varieties were studied. LFMC (Limited Field Moisture Capacity) was maintained at 70% under normal conditions and LFMC at 50% under dry conditions. According to the results of the experimental analysis, drought conditions had a significant and negative effect on the productivity of all studied genotypes. It was found that triticale cultivars "Odessiy" and "Tikhon" grown under LFMC-50% conditions in drought conditions meet water deficit less in all development phases and at all times of the day and are drought resistant compared to other cultivars. Analysis of the physiological and biochemical bases of adaptation in the selection of drought-resistant triticale varieties and the research conducted on the selection and obtaining of fertile varieties suitable for this region are described.
Outlook on nutritional importance and breeding strategies for oil and quality improvement in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Ganesh Babu S R V N , Saraswathi R , Mahalingam A , Paramasivan M , Manivannan N
Published: October 2024

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), is a pivotal crop in global agriculture due to its high oil content (50-60 %), rich in quality unsaturated fatty acids and an array of bioactive compounds like sesamin and sesamol. This review is a compilation of information on sesame nutrition, mechanism of action of bioactive principles, health benefits in terms of unsaturated fats, antioxidants and essential nutrients to combat health disorders. The genetic resources are the base for any crop improvement programs. The genetic wealth of this crop as ex-situ conservation world-wide, traits of importance from its wild relatives, studies on genetic diversity through agronomic and molecular techniques for quality traits are focused. Both conventional and molecular breeding methods are examined. Conventional breeding efforts covers trait variability, correlations, gene action, combining ability studies, breeding methods and varieties released. The insights into molecular biology probes the novel QTLs, discovery of candidate genes, molecular markers for quality traits, genome sequencing, advancements in gene expression studies, genetic maps and pangemone. Despite the significant progress, the lacuna and future prospects in these areas are highlighted. Integrating the information from modern genomic technologies with conventional methods is the key to maximize the crop's potential for oil and nutritional security.
A comparative study of drone and manual herbicide application for weed management in wet direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Avhale Vishwajeet Ramesh , Senthil Kumar Govindan , Prabukumar Gnanasekaran , Djanaguiraman Maduraimuthu , Kumaraperumal Ramalingam , Patil Santosh Ganapati
Published: October 2024

A field experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during the Navarai season (January-April) of 2024 to assess the efficiency of drone-based herbicide application in terms of weed control, energy use, and cost effectiveness in wet direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.). The study compared the effectiveness of weed control using herbicide combinations applied as pre-emergence followed by early post-emergence, with both drone and knapsack sprayer. The treatments included the application of pretilachlor followed by early post-emergence bispyribac sodium, and pyrazosulfuron followed by penoxsulam + cyhalofop butyl, using both drone and knapsack sprayer. Additionally, weed-free and unweeded control plots were included. Results indicated that the application of pretilachlor followed by bispyribac sodium using a drone sprayer significantly reduced weed density and weed dry weight compared to the unweeded plot. This treatment also resulted in a higher grain yield (5286 kg ha-1). Moreover, drone application of pretilachlor followed by bispyribac sodium provided a higher net return (? 51631/ha), benefit-cost ratio (2.17), energy-use efficiency (9.53), and energy productivity (0.30 kg/MJ). The experiment concluded that drone-based spraying of pretilachlor followed by bispyribac sodium is an effective weed management strategy for wet direct-seeded rice, offering superior yield attributes, energy use efficiency, and profitability.
Going with the flow: New insights regarding flow induced K+ secretion in the distal nephron
Authors: Lasaad Samia , Nickerson Andrew J. , Crambert Gilles , Satlin Lisa M. , Kleyman Thomas R.
Published: October 2024

K+ secretion in the distal nephron has a critical role in K+ homeostasis and is the primary route by which K+ is lost from the body. Renal K+ secretion is enhanced by increases in dietary K+ intake and by increases in tubular flow rate in the distal nephron. This review addresses new and important insights regarding the mechanisms underlying flow‐induced K+ secretion (FIKS). While basal K+ secretion in the distal nephron is mediated by renal outer medullary K+ (ROMK) channels in principal cells (PCs), FIKS is mediated by large conductance, Ca2+/stretch activated K+ (BK) channels in intercalated cells (ICs), a distinct cell type. BK channel activation requires an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), and both PCs and ICs exhibit increases in [Ca2+]i in response to increases in tubular fluid flow rate, associated with an increase in tubular diameter. PIEZO1, a mechanosensitive, nonselective cation channel, is expressed in the basolateral membranes of PCs and ICs, where it functions as a mechanosensor. The loss of flow‐induced [Ca2+]i transients in ICs and BK channel‐mediated FIKS in microperfused collecting ducts isolated from mice with IC‐specific deletion of Piezo1 in the CCD underscores the importance of PIEZO1 in the renal regulation of K+ transport.
FIB/SEM serial sectioning as a versatile tool for microstructural analysis
Authors: Engstler M. , Mücklich F.
Published: October 2024

FIB/SEM tomography is a serial sectioning method in which the cross-sectional area of the sample is stepwise removed with a focused ion beam (FIB) and the exposed cross-sectional area is imaged with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). All imaging techniques of the SEM can be used, which allows the application to a wide range of materials science questions. On the one hand, resolutions of a few nm can be achieved, and on the other hand, volumes with edge lengths of 100 μm and more can be examined. This article gives an overview of the current state of the art and the practical implementation of FIB/ SEM serial sectioning. The special aspects of the integration of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) are also discussed.
Toxicity and environmental aspects of surfactants
Authors: Lu Ming , Zhang Guoyin , Holmberg Krister
Published: October 2024

As the single largest class of specialty chemicals, surfactants are consumed in huge quantities in our daily life and in many industrial areas. In the past, the attention was focused entirely on technical performance. However, starting from the 1970s and 80s, surfactant related environmental concerns have become the main driving force to upgrade surfactant production technology to make more benign or “greener” products. For this reason, environmental issues, dermatological effects, and oral toxicity are the main priorities when surfactants are considered for a specific purpose. In this paper, we present five cases to demonstrate how the surfactant industry tackles these challenges to mitigate the environmental and health effects associated with surfactant consumption. We also discuss the important role played by surfactants in a current carbon capture and storage (CCS) strategy to reduce the CO2 level in the atmosphere. Surfactant-based stable CO2 foam flooding is a well-established enhanced oil recovery technique. It has been considered to be an economically realistic procedure to sequester large amounts of CO2 in geological formations.
Blade and microblade industry at Helong Dadong, north-east China, during Marine Isotope Stage 2
Authors: Xu Ting , Yue Jian-Ping , Zhao Hai-Long , Gu Ling-Bo , Ge Jun-Yi , Li Yao , Yang Shi-Xia , Petraglia Michael , Gao Xing
Published: October 2024

Characterised by the extensive use of obsidian, a blade-based tool inventory and microblade technology, the late Upper Palaeolithic lithic assemblages of the Changbaishan Mountains are associated with the increasingly cold climatic conditions of Marine Isotope Stage 2, yet most remain poorly dated. Here, the authors present new radiocarbon dates associated with evolving blade and microblade toolkits at Helong Dadong, north-east China. At 27 300–24 100 BP, the lower cultural layers contain some of the earliest microblade technology in north-east Asia and highlight the importance of the Changbaishan Mountains in understanding changing hunter-gatherer lifeways in this region during MIS 2.
Muscular Hypertrophy and its Relation to Strength Performance: A Physics-Based Analysis of Conceptual Inaccuracies
Authors: Puschkasch-Möck Sebastian
Published: October 2024

The interchangeable use of terms such as muscle mass, volume, cross-sectional area, and thickness in discussions on the physiology of muscle hypertrophy has led to misconceptions in research and practice. This review aims to highlight the improperness of this approach and highlights the overlooked parameter of muscular density (MD). The hypothesis is that muscle density acts as a mediator, leading to inevitable muscle enlargement in long-term strength training. It is proposed that research in muscular adaptations to training should implement measures of MD to complement measurements of muscle size. This article aims to refine the understanding of muscular adaptations and optimize training strategies for athletes and fitness enthusiasts.