bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trees and shrubs suitable for the construction of agroforestry systems in a temperate climate and their use in economic activities: a study in Bulgaria
Authors: Bozhikin Ivan
Published: January 2024

Purpose. The study aims to (i) discover the various trees and shrubs appropriate for building agroforestry systems in Bulgaria’s temperate climate and their possible use in various economic activities, (ii) identify the contribution of Bulgarians’ agroforestry systems to the three dimensions of sustainable development.

Results. The contributions of Bulgarians’ agroforestry systems to three pillars of sustainability were pointed out. Regarding the social dimension of sustainability, the respondents highlighted the social benefits of agroforestry (e.g., raising the standard of living and the social status of the population; providing jobs and access to renewable energy; overcoming social inequality in individual regions; providing recreation opportunities for the population; give social, educational, scientific, landscape and recreational benefits to society; generate firewood for society). The contribution of agroforestry in the environmental dimension is unquestionable. Moreover, 46 trees and 15 shrubs have been presented. The use of their products in various economic activities and industries has been discussed. These trees and shrubs are appropriate for the construction of various agroforestry systems such as forest-farming, alley-cropping, and forest-pasture agroforestry systems.

Scientific novelty. A few scientific researches focus on tree species suitable for agroforestry systems in particular counties with different climates. However, there is limited research on various trees and shrubs suitable for constructing agroforestry systems in a temperate climate, especially in Bulgaria. Moreover, the use of the products of these trees and shrubs in various economic sectors and activities, which can bring additional economic value for agroforestry farmers in temperate climates, is not discussed in one paper.

Practical value. The current findings will provide farmers with additional knowledge about trees and shrubs suitable for the construction of agroforestry systems in temperate climates and the possible implementation of their products in various economic activities and industries. This will encourage them to create ecoefficient agroforestry systems using some of the 46 trees and 15 shrubs, based on their regional location and local conditions, to support sustainable development and the environment. What is more, if these tree species are promoted by decision-makers and professional/farmer associations, and adopted by the farmers can support and reinforce agroforestry in Bulgaria and regions with temperate climates.
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN KUAT TEKAN BETON ANTARA PENGGUNAAN AGREGAT KASAR TAYU DAN PAMOTAN
Authors: Masta'in Masta'in
Published: January 2024

Kekuatan tekan beton ditentukan oleh pengaturan dari perbandingan semen, agregat kasar, agregat halus dan air. Penggunaan air digunakan untuk memberikan aksi kimiawi dalam pengerasan beton, kelebihan air dapat mempermudah dalam pekerjaan akan tetapi dapat menurunkan kekuatan beton. Hasil kuat tekan beton yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan agregat kasar tayu lebih tinggi daripada agregat kasar pamotan dengan kuat tekan karakteristik yang terjadi sebesar fc 22,08,sedangkan yang menggunakan agregat kasar pamotan kuat tekan sebesar fc 21,52 . Maka hasil menunjukkan bahwa uji beton dengan agregat kasar dari tayu memiliki nilai kuat tekan beton lebih besar.Nilai slump pada beton segar sebagai indikator kelayakan dan kualitas campuran pada beton segar menggunakan nilai minimum dari nilai slump yang di syaratkan . karena semakin tinngi slump yang dihasilkan pada beton segar akan mempengaruhi hasil kuat tekan dari beton yang dibuat.
Quantifying particulate matter optical properties and flow rate in industrial stack plumes from the PRISMA hyperspectral imager
Authors: Calassou Gabriel , Foucher Pierre-Yves , Léon Jean-François
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Industrial activities such as metallurgy, coal and oil combustion, cement production, and petrochemistry release aerosol particles into the atmosphere. We propose analyzing the aerosol composition of plumes emitted by different industrial stacks using PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa) satellite hyperspectral observations. Three industrial sites have been observed: a coal-fired power plant in Matla, South Africa (imaged on 25 September 2021); a steel plant in Wuhan, China (24 March 2021); and gas flaring at an oil extraction site in Hassi Messaoud, Algeria (9 July 2021). Below-plume surface reflectances are constrained using a combination of PRISMA and Sentinel-2/MSI images. Radiative transfer simulations are performed for each scene including the surface, background atmosphere, and plume optical properties. The plume aerosol optical thickness (AOT), particle radius, volume of coarse-mode aerosol, and soot are then retrieved within the plumes following an optimal estimation framework. The mean plume retrieved AOT at 500 nm ranges between 0.27 and 1.27 and the median radius between 0.10 and 0.12 µm. We found a volume fraction of soot of 3.6 % and 10.4 % in the sinter plant and coal-fired plant plumes, respectively. The mass flow rate of particulate matter at a point source estimated by an integrated mass enhancement method varies from 840 ± 155 g s−1 for the flaring emission to 1348 ± 570 g s−1 at the coal-fired plant.
Exit point of the external nasal nerve- cadaveric study
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia, Elsy Bijo , Alghamdi Mansour A. ,   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia. Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia, Osman Lina E.S. ,   Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
Published: January 2024

This study aims to confirm how the external nasal nerve exits from the internal surface of the nasal bone to the dorsum of the nose and to determine the exact point of nerve emergence by macroscopic examination. Twenty external nasal nerves of both sexes from the elderly and adult age groups were dissected. The exit point of the external nasal nerve, the width of the nasocartilaginous joint, and the inferior border of the nasal bone from the midline to the nasomaxillary suture were measured. The nerve was classified according to its branching pattern. In this study, in the elderly group, the external nasal nerve enters the dorsum of the nose through the pyriform ligament and exits laterally to the nasocartilaginous joint. But in the adult age group the external nasal nerve exits between the nasal bone and the upper nasal cartilage. We observed mainly three types of nerve but did not find any subtypes or variations in the branching pattern. Among this main classification of nerves, more cases (70%) of type I were observed. However, based on our study, we concluded that the external nasal nerve enters the dorsum of the nose either between the nasal bone and the upper nasal cartilage, or it passes through the pyriform ligament and exits lateral to the nasocartilaginous joint. In rhinoplasty, knowledge about the course, exit point, branching pattern, and variations of the external nasal nerve is unavoidable.
An exceedingly rare case of separated drainage of the cystic duct, the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct documented on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography
Authors:   Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy, Brandi Nicolò , Fiscaletti Marta ,   Radiology Units, Bellaria and Maggiore Hospitals, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Renzulli Matteo ,   Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italy
Published: January 2024

Anatomical variations of the intra- and extra-hepatic biliary system are common, including those affecting the course and insertion point of the cystic duct. Adequate knowledge of such variations and an appropriate roadmap before any surgical, endoscopic or percutaneous procedure help in preventing associated iatrogenic complications. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) can precisely delineate the anatomy of the biliary system preoperatively. We report the case of a 72-year-old female patient who presented with chronic right upper quadrant abdominal pain of 6 months duration, which had acutely worsened over the previous 2 weeks, and no other comorbidities. Blood tests were normal. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a slight dilatation of the common hepatic duct (10 mm), but no gallstones or sludge were demonstrated. MRCP excluded choledocholithiasis but revealed a cystic duct coursing medial to the common bile duct before anastomosing at the level of the ampulla of Vater. Trifurcation (Type 2 variant) of the intra-hepatic bile system was also observed. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the very first report to clearly document this exceptionally rare anatomic cystic duct anomaly on MRCP.
The relationship between body mass index and lower extremity biomechanics in children aged 10-12 years: a comprehensive analysis
Authors:   Department of Education of the Government of Navarra, Santos Justo y Pastor Public School, Fustiñana, Navarra, Spain, Lahoz Carlos , Pérez-Rey Jorge ,   Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain, González David ,   Private Practice, Gallart & González Podiatric Clinic, 50004, Zaragoza, Spain, Luesma Mª José ,   Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Published: January 2024

Childhood obesity has emerged as a global health concern leading to complications, such as bones and muscles misalignment of knees, flat feet and changes in walking patterns. Although some studies have individually linked these conditions to body mass index (BMI), the relationship between these variables needs to be explored. This study aimed to investigate the associations between BMI and knee position, foot position and plantar footprint in children aged 10 to 12 years. Data were collected from 59 children by measuring their BMI, knee alignment, foot position and plantar footprint. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between BMI and inter-malleolar distance (DIM), foot position and plantar footprint. The Mann- Whitney U test was used to compare these variables between boys and girls (p-value < 0.05). Higher BMI values were associated with higher DIM in both boys and girls. Furthermore, we observed that genu valgum was positively correlated with foot pronation and a flattened plantar footprint. No significant differences were found in relation to BMI, variations in foot position or footprint types. Our research provides evidence that there is a connection, between BMI and genu valgum in children between the ages of 10 and 12. We have also found a correlation between genu valgum and foot pronation among children in this age group. These findings highlight the significance of addressing childhood obesity to prevent any health issues.
A systematic literature study of anatomical variations in human lung fissures and hilar structures
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, Akar Burkay , Coşkun Zafer K. ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, Kaban Yunus E. ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, Ece Dilan ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Karadeniz Eregli State Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to examine the anatomical features and variation prevalence of human lung fissures and hilar structures. Anatomical variations can be seen in these structures and morphometrical data are not consistent. Studies in the literature were reviewed using the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The method of the study was prepared in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis [PRISMA] protocol. Data on the complete, incomplete, absent and accessory fissures, accessory fissure types, number of arteries, veins and bronchi were extracted and included in the analysis. The Anatomical Quality Assessment (AQUA) tool was used in order to examine potential risks of bias within the included studies. Out of 302 studies initially evaluated, 68 were included in the analysis. It was determined that the prevalence of completion of horizontal fissure of the right lung (56,5%) was lower than oblique fissures, while the prevalence of incomplete and absent fissure (43,4%) were higher than oblique fissures. The prevalence of the left horizontal accessory fissure (9,9%) in the left lung and the inferior accessory fissure type (8,9%) in the right lung were found to be the highest. It has been found that the number of arteries and bronchi in the hilum of the right lung are different from the general anatomy. Although studies on lung fissure variations are more common, studies examining accessory fissures and hilar structures are rare. We think that this study will be useful for clinicians in interpreting radiological images, diagnosing lung pathologies, and applying surgical procedures.
Homero y los misterios
Authors: González Merino Juan Ignacio
Published: January 2024

La creencia homérica en la inanidad de la vida de las almas en el Hades choca frontalmente con la doctrina de los misterios, según la cual las almas de los iniciados, por el solo hecho de serlo, gozan de una bienaventuranza eterna tras la muerte terrenal. Esto pone en desventaja al guerrero frente al iniciando, por lo que no es raro que en los poemas homéricos pueda detectarse una crítica a los misterios, alusiva pero patente (1). Así se explica el ninguneo de los patronos de misterios, Orfeo, Deméter y Dioniso (2). Otro método de oposición es la ridiculización de Dioniso y su culto (3). Por último, la catábasis para traer al mundo de los vivos a un ser querido, característica de los fundadores de misterios, se invierte trágicamente en el canto XXIV de la Ilíada (4).
Relación del asedio y toma de Castelnuovo (1539)
Authors: Floristán José M.
Published: January 2024

Edición comentada de la Relación del asedio y toma de Castelnuovo (Herceg Novi, Montenegro) por las tropas de Jairedín Barbarroja en julio-agosto de 1539, redactada por los cabos de escuadra Juan de Alcaraz y Juan de Tapia. La copia se conserva en el Archivo de los duques de Alba (Madrid).
Sobre el origen de ἐν + dativo con valor causal, instrumental, agente en LXX y Nuevo Testamento.
Authors: Gómez Segura Eugenio
Published: January 2024

Sobre el valor Agente del sintagma ἐν + dativo las gramáticas de LXX y Nuevo Testamento ofrecen explicaciones contrarias: algunas lo aceptan mientras otras lo niegan. Al mismo tiempo, se considera imposible que este sintagma pueda llegar a alcanzar dicho valor desde el propio griego y se prefiere analizar esta posibilidad más como una influencia semítica, la preposición locativa be. Sin embargo, un análisis de la transferencia de ideas locativas a causales, instrumentales y de intermediario (transferencia ya existente en ático) permite establecer una lógica que habría llevado a los traductores de LXX a servirse de ἐν + dativo para expresar estas ideas y el agente cuando se expresaba con be
Asfódelos y agapantos: pervivencias y transformaciones en la búsqueda de la eternidad ayer y hoy
Authors: Stavrianopulu Penélope
Published: January 2024

A partir de algunos ejemplos extraídos de la de poesía tradicional neohelénica y de la obra de tres poetas contemporáneos (Palamás, Seferis y Mavilis), es nuestra intención reflexionar sobre cómo han pervivido y se han transformado algunos ritos y creencias relacionados con el más allá desde la antigüedad hasta nuestros días, mediante la comparación de aquellos con los transmitidos por textos literarios, filosóficos e históricos antiguos.
A los pies de la diosa. Contexto y análisis de la escultura de mármol griego documentada en el patio del yacimiento tartésico de Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Badajoz, España)
Authors: Celestino Pérez Sebastián , Rodríguez González Esther , Gutiérrez García Ana , Dorado Alejos Alberto
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados de los análisis arqueométricos realizados a un fragmento de escultura de mármol documentado en el patio del yacimiento de Casas del Turuñuelo (Guareña, Badajoz) durante los trabajos realizados en el año 2017. Estos análisis han permitido confirmar que el mármol procede de las canteras del Pentélico (Atenas, Grecia), lo que la convierten en la escultura de mármol griega más antigua, hasta la fecha, de la arqueología peninsular. Su estudio ha permitido además recuperar los restos de policromía y caracterizar los pigmentos empleados. Por último, se presenta el contexto arqueológico e histórico de la pieza objeto de estudio, así como sus posibles paralelos.
Manipulation and sexism in anarchism society: The case of Gustave Courbet
Authors: Trincado Estrella
Published: January 2024

Este artículo pone en evidencia una de las derivas que una sociedad anarquista, defendida por algunos ecofeministas, puede tener: el sometimiento de las mujeres. En particular, desde la sociología de la economía, la cultura y el arte, muestra cómo el pintor anarquista francés Gustave Courbet (1819-1877), amigo íntimo del pensador Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865), manipuló sus pinturas para anular el papel de la mujer en la sociedad, tal vez incluso sin ser muy consciente. Proudhon y Courbet, aunque apelaban a la libertad radical y procuraron mantener su independencia del poder, se movían por la arrogancia más que por el sueño de una sociedad inclusiva y libre para todos.
El reconocimiento de la violencia simbólica y la pertinencia de su abordaje en la formación en Comunicación Social
Authors: Castrillón Medina Manuel Javier , Agudelo Calle Alejandro
Published: January 2024

La violencia simbólica es una forma de dominación que se ejerce contra poblaciones vulnerables. Ésta se reproduce a través de los distintos contenidos que circulan en las plataformas de comunicación. Identificar estas violencias requiere de una educación mediática que difícilmente se logra en los ámbitos universitarios. Este artículo expone la incidencia de la formación profesional en Comunicación Social en la identificación de violencias simbólicas por parte de los estudiantes de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, sede Medellín. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, de alcance exploratorio, en el cual se concluye que la formación tiene una incidencia secundaria en la identificación de violencias simbólicas. Es en las redes de apoyo donde se discute y reflexiona sobre este tipo de violencias. La formación feminista de las estudiantes y de algunas profesoras es una variable central en la identificación de narrativas estereotipadas y discriminatorias.
Correlation between circulating fibrosis biomarkers with left atrial function and left atrial volume index in rheumatic mitral stenosis
Authors: Asrial An A. , Reviono Reviono , Soetrisno Soetrisno , Setianto Budi Y. , Widyaningsih Vitri , Nurwati Ida , Wasita Brian , Pudjiastuti Anggit
Published: January 2024

Mitral stenosis is the most common rheumatic heart disease (RHD) disorder worldwide, including in Indonesia. This pathological condition causes left atrial pressure, leading to left atrial fibrosis that affects the structure and function of the left atrial as well as the clinical condition. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between circulating fibrosis biomarkers with net atrioventricular compliance (Cn) as a parameter of left atrial function, and left atrial volume index (LAVI) as a parameter left atrium structure of changes. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Panti Rahayu Hospital and Permata Bunda Hospital, Purwodadi, Central Java, with a total of 40 RHD patients with severe mitral stenosis. The ELISA was used to measure the levels of carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP), matrix metalloproteinase I (MMP-1), tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). The left atrial function was assessed by measuring Cn, and the LAVI parameters were measured to assess left atrium structure/size. The mean levels of circulating fibrosis biomarkers were as follows: PICP 153.96±89.12 ng/mL; MMP-1 1.44±2.12 ng/mL; MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio 0.38±0.54 and TGF-β1 2.66±1.96 pg/mL. From the echocardiographic evaluation, the mean Cn was 5.24±1.93 mL/mmHg and the mean LAVI was 152.55±79.36 mL/m2. There were significant correlation between MMP-1 and MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio with Cn (r=0.345 and r=0.333, respectively; both had p<0.05). PICP and TGF-β1 biomarkers did not significantly correlate with Cn (p>0.05). Meanwhile, none of the biomarkers had a significant correlation with LAVI (p>0.05). This study highlights that MMP-1 and MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio are potentially to be used as markers to determine the Cn in RHD patients with severe mitral stenosis. However, further studies with a higher sample size are needed to confirm this finding.
Analysis and interpretation of an historical photograph among future teachers of social science subjects: Research using the eye-tracking method
Authors:   University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, Labischová Denisa
Published: January 2024

This article presents the findings of mixed-design research carried out in 2021 on a sample of students who were training to become teachers of social sciences subjects. The aim of the research was to determine the extent to which a carefully considered, didactically structured analysis of an iconographic historical source (an historical photograph depicting the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Warsaw Pact troops on 21 August 1968) influences the quality of the source’s perception, analysis and interpretation. A computer test with a set of questions for the respondents (test subjects) was created as a research tool. The study used three methods of data collection and processing: audio recording analysis using open axial coding and categorization; eye-tracking to investigate the perception strategies of the test subjects; and structured interviews carried out with the test subjects following the test, in order to gain information about the course of the test and to indicate potential options for modifying the research tool. The results of the study showed that a didactically structured analysis of the iconographic source had a substantial positive effect on the students’ perception strategies and the quality of their interpretation. If the test subjects are not guided towards a thorough observation of the image, identifying its individual elements and determining their meanings, they mostly overlook these important elements entirely, and their interpretation as a whole is very superficial. Another aspect of the source that is usually overlooked is the level of empathy, i.e. understanding of the individual experiences of the depicted people, bringing multiperspectivity in the perception of the depicted situation. These research findings should be taken into consideration during pre-graduate training for future teachers of social sciences subjects; graduates of teacher training degrees should possess these specific competencies and be able to implement didactically structured analyses and interpretations of historical sources in their teaching at primary and secondary schools.
Student questioning: What does questioning reveal about prior knowledge, historical reasoning and affect?
Authors:   Leiden University, The Netherlands, Logtenberg Albert , Schellings Gonny ,   Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands, van Boxtel Carla ,   Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, van Hout-Wolters Bernadette ,   University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Published: January 2024

Students ask historical questions when they are engaged in historical reasoning and trying to understand a particular historical phenomenon. Student questioning can be regarded as the engine and a destination of historical reasoning. This study is aimed at deeper insight into thinking processes underlying students’ historical questions using a general model of questioning and a domain-specific model of historical reasoning. Thirty-three secondary school students were instructed to read a text and underline striking text segments. At the point of underlining, students were asked to verbalize their thoughts. In our protocol analysis we focused on the questions students spontaneously asked while verbalizing their prior knowledge, reasoning, and feelings. It appeared that in half of the 251 analyzed fragments (episodes) students verbalized an extent of historical reasoning and expressed feelings. Questions were mostly asked when students expressed a knowledge deficit, but spontaneous questions were also present in episodes with historical reasoning and episodes with affective responses. All components, activating prior knowledge, realizing a knowledge deficit, historical reasoning and experiencing affective thoughts, help students to ask their questions and help them to process the introduction into a historical topic.
Internal consistency and dimensionality assessment of the Cognitive Social Capital Scale among Colombian adults
Authors: Campo-Arias Adalberto , Caballero-Domínguez Carmen Cecilia , Pedrozo-Pupo John Carlos
Published: January 2024

Introduction: During the last two decades, the concept of social capital has been used increasingly frequently in health sciences due to the direct and indirect relationships between social capital and populations' physical and mental health. Therefore, it is necessary to build an instrument to quantify this concept confidently and reliably. Objective: The study aimed to internal consistency and dimensionality of a seven-item scale to measure social capital in Colombia's general population of adults. Methods: An online validation study included a sample of 700 adults aged between 18 and 76 years; 68% were females. Participants completed a seven-item scale called the Cognitive Social Capital Scale (CSCS). Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega were computed to test internal consistency. The authors explore the internal consistency and dimensionality of the CSCS. Results: The CSCS presented a low internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.56 and McDonald's omega of 0.59) and poor dimensionality. Then, the researchers tested a five-item version (CSCS-5). The CSCS-5 showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.79 and McDonald's omega of 0.80) and a one-dimension structure with acceptable goodness-of-fit indicators. Discussion: The CSCS-5 presents high internal consistency and a one-dimensional structure to measure cognitive capital social in the Colombian sample. Authors can recommend measuring social capital in the general Colombian population. Further research should corroborate this pencil and paper application findings and explore other reliability and validity indicators.
Deformation of Special Relativity in ultra-highenergy astrophysics
Authors: Ter-Kazarian G.
Published: January 2024

We reviewdeformationofbothpostulatesofSpecialRelativity(SR) theory, tested inexperiments forultra-highenergycosmicray(UHECRs)andTeV-γphotonsobserved. Tothisaim,weutilize the theoryof,so-called,masterspace(MSp)inducedsupersymmetry(Ter-Kazarian,2023,2024),whereinthe standardLorentzcode(SLC)isderivedinanewperspectiveofdoubleglobalMSp-SUSYtransformations intermsofLorentzspinors (θ,¯ θ) referredtoMSp. Thisallows to introducethephysicalfiniterelative timeintervalbetweentwoeventsasintegernumberoftheownatomicdurationtimeofdoubletransition ofaparticlefromM4toMSpandback.WhilealltheparticlesarelivingonM4,theirsuperpartnerscan beviewedaslivingonMSp.ThisisamaingroundforintroducingMSp,whichisunmanifestedindividual companiontotheparticleof interest. Continuingalongthis line, inpresentcommunicationweaddress thedeformationofthesespinors: θ→˜ θ=λ1/2θ,etc.,whereλappearsasascalardeformationfunctionof theLorentzinvariance(LIDF).ThisyieldsboththeDLEandDMAV,respectively, intheform˜ ds=λds and˜ c=λc, provided, the invarianceofDLE, andthesamevalueofDMAVinfree spaceholdforall inertial systems. Thus, theLID-generalizationof globalMSp-SUSYtheory formulates thegeneralized relativitypostulatesinawaythatpreservetherelativityof inertial frames, inspiteoftheappearanceof modifiedtermsintheLIDdispersionrelations.Wecomplementthisconceptual investigationwithtesting ofvariousLIDFs intheUHECR-andTeV-γthresholdanomaliesbyimplications forseveral scenarios: theColemanandGlashow-typeperturbativeextensionofSLC,theLIDextensionofstandardmodel,the LIDinquantumgravitymotivatedspace-timemodels,theLIDinloopquantumgravitymodels,andthe LIDFforthemodelspreservingtherelativityof inertial frames.
Inertia II: The local induced inertia effects
Authors: Ter-Kazarian G.
Published: January 2024

Inthe frameworkof localMSp-SUSYtheory,which is extensionof global, socalled,master space (MSp)-SUSYtheory(Ter-Kazarian, 2023, 2024),weaddress theacceleratedmotionand inertiaeffects. The superspace isadirect sumof curvedbackgrounddouble spacesM4⊕MSp,withan inclusionof additional fermioniccoordinates(Θ, ¯ Θ) inducedbythespinors(θ,¯ θ),whichrefertoMSp.Wetakethe Lorentzgroupasour structuregroupinorder torecover rigidsuperspaceasa limitingsolutiontoour dynamicaltheory.ThelocalMSp-SUSYisconceivedasaquantumfieldtheorywhoseactionincludesthe fictitiousgravitationfieldterm,wherethegravitoncoexistswithafermionicfieldof, so-called,gravitino (sparticle) describedby theRarita-Scwinger kinetic term. Asignificant differencebetween standard theoriesof supergravityandthelocalMSp-SUSYtheoryisthatacouplingof supergravitywithmatter superfields no longer holds. We argue that adeformation/(distortionof local internal properties) of MSp, istheoriginof theabsoluteacceleration(aabs=0)andinertiaeffects(fictitiousgraviton). These gravitational fieldshadnosourcesandweregeneratedbycoordinate transformations. Acurvatureof MSparisesentirelyduetotheinertialpropertiesoftheLorentz-rotatedframeof interest.Thisrefersto theparticleof interestitself,withoutrelationtoothermatterfields,sothatthiscanbegloballyremoved byappropriatecoordinatetransformations. ThesupervielbeinEA(z),beinganalogueofCartan’s local frame, isthedynamicalvariableof superspaceformulation,whichidentifiesthetetradfielde ˆ a ˆ m(X)and theRarita-Schwingerfields. Theconnectionis theseconddynamicalvariable inthis theory. Thefield e ˆ a ˆ m(X)plays the roleof agaugefieldassociatedwith local transformations (fictitious graviton). The fictitiousgravitinoisthegaugefieldrelatedtolocalsupersymmetry.Thetwofieldsdifferintheirspin: 2 forthegraviton,3/2forthegravitino.Thesetwoparticlesarethetwobosonicandfermionicstatesofa gaugeparticleinthecurvedbackgroundspacesM4andMSp,respectively,orviceversa.Following(TerKazarian, 2012), inthe frameworkof classical physics,wediscuss the inertiaeffectsbygoingbeyond thehypothesisof locality, andderive theexplicit formof thevierbiene ˆ a ˆ m( )≡(ea m( ),e a m( )). This theoryfurnishesjustificationfortheintroductionoftheweakprincipleofequivalence(WPE).Wederive ageneralexpressionoftherelativisticinertial forceexertedontheextendedspinningbodymovinginthe Rieman-Cartanspace.
Reflection of Radiation from a Plane-Parallel Half-Space in the Case of Redistribution of Radiation by Frequencies and Directions
Authors: Pikichyan H. V.
Published: January 2024

Themethod introduced intheauthor’s twopreviousworks isusedtosolve theproblemofdiffuse reflectionfromasemi-infiniteplane-parallel scattering-absorbingmediuminthegeneralcaseof redistributionofradiationbyfrequenciesanddirectionsinanelementaryactofscattering.Asystemoffunctional equationswasobtainedtodeterminetheunknowneigenfunctionsandeigenvalues.Theinitialproblemof thesixexplanatoryvariablesisexplicitlyexpressedintermsoftheseeigenfunctionsthatdependonlyon threeindependentvariables(dimensionlessfrequency,zenithangle,andazimuth).
Astronomical Surveys and Active Galaxies
Authors: Mickaelian A. M. , Abrahamyan H. V. , Paronyan G. M. , Mikayelyan G. A. , Andreasyan R. R. , Sukiasyan A. G. , Hambardzumyan L. A. , Mkrtchyan V. K. , Gasparyan A. A.
Published: January 2024

Astronomical Surveys are the main source for discoveries in astronomy. We are giving the most important parameters the significance of the surveys, their main products: images, photometric, spectroscopic and other data. Among the surveys, namely extragalactic ones, most important are those for Active Galaxies (both Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and Starburst (SB) Galaxies), and particularly the AGN. These objects reveal many spatial and physical characteristics helping understanding the Universe. We give a brief review of our searches and studies for Active Galaxies.
The influence of environmental effects on Type Ia Supernovae Standardization
Authors: Baluta A. Yu. , Pruzhinskaya M. V. , Rosnet P. , Pauna N.
Published: January 2024

Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are used as reliable cosmic distance indicators and their standardization is necessary for a more accurate measurement of the cosmological parameters of the Universe using the Hubble diagram. However, the Hubble diagram still shows intrinsic dispersion, potentially influenced by the supernova’s environment. In this study, we reproduce Hubble fit diagrams for the Pantheon supernovae data, and also investigate the possibility of introducing various standardization equations for supernovae that exploded in early- and late-type galaxies. We analyze 330 SNe Ia from the Pantheon cosmological sample to study how host galaxy morphology affects SN Ia standardization. We find that SNe Ia hosted by early-type galaxies have different standardization parameters compared to those hosted by late-type galaxies. We conclude that correcting for host galaxy morphology significantly impacts the accuracy of the Hubble diagram fit.
ҚҰЛЫНДЫ ДАЛАСЫНЫҢ ҰЗАҚ УАҚЫТ БОЙЫ АУЫЛ ШАРУАШЫЛЫҒЫ ҚОЛДАНЫСЫНДАҒЫ ҚАРА-ҚОҢЫР ТОПЫРАҚТАРЫНЫҢ МОРФОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ БЕЛГІЛЕРІНІҢ ЖӘНЕ КЕЙБІР ҚАСИЕТТЕРІНІҢ ӨЗГЕРІСКЕ ҰШЫРАУЫ
Authors: Кенжегулова Саягуль , Алманова Ж. С
Published: January 2024

Қоғам дамуының тарихи кезеңдерінде адамның өндірістік қызметінің топырақ түзілу және топырақ факторларына әсері әртүрлі. Ауыл шаруашылығы жерлерін пайдаланғанда топырақ құнарлылығына айтарлықтай әсері бар. Ұзақ мерзім бойы әртүрлі ауыл шаруашылығы қолданысындағы топырақтардың кескіндерінің морфологиялық белгілеріне, оның физикалық, физикалық-химиялық қасиеттеріне теріс немесе оңтайлы әсер етуі мүмкін. Егіншілік мәдениетін арттыру, мелиоранттарды, тыңайтқыштарды қолдану дақылдың өсіп-даму жағдайын ғана жақсарта қоймай, топырақтың қасиеттерін де оңтайландыруға мүмкіндік береді.
Ғылыми мақалада ұзақ мерзім (37 жыл) бойы Құлынды даласының қара-қоңыр топырақтарын ауыл шаруашылығына пайдалану барысында оның морфогенетикалық қасиеттерінің, яғни топырақтың қарашірінді қабатының қалыңдылығының, оның кескінінде карбонат деңгейінің және мөлшерінің  өзгерісі, сонымен қатар кескін бойында физикалық балшықтың таралуы  көрсетілген. Ауыл шаруашылығында түрлі  қолдануына байланысты  қара-қоңыр топырақтардың қасиеттері өзгеше өзгерген. Ұзақ жылдар бойы көпжылдық шөптер өсірілген қара-қоңыр топырақтың кескінінің морфологиялық белгілерінде үздіксіз сүрі танап, үздіксіз бидай және ауыспалы егістегі сүрі танаптан кейінгі екінші бидай астындағы топырақ нұсқаларына қарағанда оңтайлы әсер еткен, яғни оның қарашірінді қабатының қалыңдылығы қалың екені (38 см) және карбонаттардың терең орналасқаны (77 см) байқалды.
DETERMINATION OF THE CONTENT OF TOXIC ELEMENTS IN THE TROPHIC CHAIN "SOIL - PLANT - BEE BODY - HONEY"
Authors: Сураганов Miras , Сураганова Айжан , Kalin A.K.,  , Sharipov B.O.,
Published: January 2024

The article presents the results of a laboratory analysis of the trophic chain: "soil-plant-bee body-honey" for the content of toxic elements such as Pb, Cd, As, Hg and the main organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators of honey.

To determine the toxic elements in the trophic chain, sampling was carried out from one experimental site of the Akmola region, Zerendy district, Alekseevka rural district near the largest gold mining company in Kazakhstan "Altyntau Kokshetau".

According to the results of the study, the lead content in the soil was 0.41 mg/kg. In the plant, the lead index was no more than 0.056 mg/kg. Lead content was not observed in the body of the bee. In bee products, it was not more than 0.03 mg/kg. The content of cadmium in the soil amounted to 0.065 mg/kg, which exceeded the standards for regulatory documentation. In the soil, plant, bee body and beekeeping products, the content of arsenic and mercury was not found. Conducted organoleptic and physico-chemical studies to determine the naturalness and quality of honey. We determined the consistency, aroma, taste, mass fraction of water, mass fraction of reducing sugars, mass fraction of sucrose, diastase number of Goethe units, qualitative reaction to guanosine monophosphate, the presence of mechanical impurities, signs of fermentation.
Preliminary data on the ants, species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the north of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Minzat Cristian , Busmachiu Galina
Published: January 2024

The paper provides the results of the study of the ant species diversity, collected in 1999, 2019–2021 years from different habitats found in the north of the Republic of Moldova. A total of 103 specimens were collected and 18 species of ants were identified, belonging to 6 genera and 2 subfamilies Formicinae and Myrmicinae. Among revealed ant species 14 are collected for the first time for the northern region of the Republic of Moldova. One species Formica rufa is internationally protected, included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. List of species, GPS of localities, date of collection and number of specimens are included.
The first digital school geographic Atlas of Republic of Moldova: the elaboration of the structure
Authors: Chiriac Ioana
Published: January 2024

This article provides a summary of the National Curriculum in Geography and its objectives regarding the content of the first Digital School Atlas of the Republic of Moldova for secondary education currently under development. Special attention is paid to determination and classification of cartographic objects from the Curriculum. Based on the study, the planning and completion of an appropriate spatial database was carried out. In the last part of the article, the project of the Digital Atlas of the Republic of Moldova is presented, which can be used in the educational system of the Republic of Moldova.
Ground reaction force as a factor responsible for the topography of injuries in professional dance. An analysis of three dance styles: classical dance, modern dance, and folk dance
Authors: Gorwa Joanna , Nowakowska-Lipiec Katarzyna , Michnik Robert
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to identify the effects of ground reaction forces (GRF) recorded during landing in typical elements of three dance styles, including classical, modern, and folk dance, on injuries` topography.

METHODS: The research involved a survey and measurements of GRF generated during landing after the jump. The survey involved a group of 90 professional dancers. In the questionnaire, the dancers marked areas of the human body that were affected at least once by injuries. Biomechanical tests of the GRF recording were conducted on a group of 15 professional dancers. The analysis focused on the following parameters: a maximum value of the vertical variable of the GRF relative to body weight (maxGRFz), the time between the moment from first foot contact with the ground to the moment of reaching the maxGRFz (tmaxGRFz), and the loading rate of the GRF relative to body weight (LRGRFz).

RESULTS: Regardless of dance style and sex, the lower spine, knee joints, ankle joints and feet were the areas most affected by injuries among professional dancers. The level of maxGRFz, tmaxGRFz and LRGRFz during typical jumps in classical, modern, and folk dance was statistically significantly different (P<0.01*). The highest mean maxGRFz values were recorded for jumps performed by classical dancers. Furthermore, the sum of injury-affected areas differed significantly across various dance styles and was connected with the impact forces transferred by the dancer’s musculoskeletal system.

CONCLUSION: The level of GRF is one of the decisive factors affecting the topography of professional dance injuries.
Revisão narrativa sobre os conceitos e os princípios do design instrucional de cursos on-line
Authors: Bonilha Dubugras Maria Thereza
Published: January 2024

A criação da Internet e de outras novas tecnologias de informação e de comunicação revitalizou a educação a distância, fornecendodiversos métodos e recursos para os designers instrucionais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo discutir os conceitos de distância transacional, autonomia, personalização e de acessibilidade no design instrucional de cursos on-line direcionados parajovens e adultos. Não existe um modelo único a ser seguido, ao contrário, os cursos a distância on-line podem ter diferentes formatos, por exemplo, direcionados a um público massivo, sem a participação direta do professor na execução, ou elaborados parapequenos grupos, com regras condicionais para uma personalização individual, com um contato direto entre o professor (facilitador)e o estudante (aprendiz). A EaD on-line tem potencial para evoluirjunto com as novas tecnologias, não é apenas como uma estratégiapara facilitar o acesso físico a um curso ou só para reduzir custose sim como um conjunto de métodos e de recursos que podemaprimorar a aquisição de conhecimento.
Estratégias de aprendizado que funcionam
Authors: Lourenço Alexandre
Published: January 2024

Adotar estratégias de estudo que sejam eficientes é algo óbvio. Não tão óbvio é determinar quais estratégias funcionam realmente.O esforço mental e o tempo gasto são fortes sugestões indiretas de uma pressuposta eficácia, mas isso é um erro. Colocadaslado a lado, muitas estratégias de força bruta se revelam fracas para se alcançar memorização, aprendizado e raciocínio. Dentreas estratégias de estudo que foram efetivamente testadas e mostraram resultados consistentes e positivos, temos a prática deestudo espaçado (DL). O DL consiste em estudar fazendo interrupções programadas entre as sessões de estudo, sendo os intervalosentre as sessões bastante variáveis (segundos, minutos, horas, dias, semanas ou meses). Comparado com o estudo em blocoúnico (ML), o DL é bastante superior. Há algumas teorias para explicar essa superioridade verificada: processamento deficiente,codificação variada, consolidação e recuperação de estudo. Seja qual for o real motivo da sua eficiência, adotá-la seria uma medidainteligente e necessária em tempos de excesso de estímulos e escassez de tempo. Infelizmente não há consenso dos autoresacerca dos intervalos ideais, mas alguns dados combinados com o contexto de estudo indicam que é possível se chegar em intervalos realistas que trabalhem a favor de um bom aprendizado
Parceria museu-escola em uma atividade investigativa híbrida sobre contaminação de alimentos
Authors: Dias de Oliveira Adriano , Iszlaji Cynthia , Gara Cirilo Ianna , De Moura Silva Gabriel
Published: January 2024

Museus e escolas possuem fortes vínculos, de modo que, ao longo do tempo, a parceria entre essas duas instituições se tornourecorrente. Em virtude do isolamento social decorrente da pandemia de COVID-19, os museus, assim como as escolas, fizeram usodas tecnologias da informação e comunicação para adequar suas estratégias de ensino com o intuito de reduzir o distanciamentoentre docente/educador e estudante/público. Diante desse cenário, o Museu de Microbiologia do Instituto Butantan, em conjuntocom uma escola pública de São Paulo realizaram uma parceria que resultou em uma atividade experimental híbrida com o intuito de avaliar novas possibilidades de práticas pedagógicas. O objetivo do trabalho foi o de descrever e analisar a atividade investigativarealizada pela parceria em questão que se deu no formato on-line síncrono e presencial. Os resultados evidenciam que instituições,como os museus, podem qualificar a realização de atividades mais complexas em sala de aula. Por outro lado, é importante que aparceria esteja bem alinhada com o calendário escolar, uma vez que escolas possuem diferentes eventos ao longo do ano. Por fim,destaca-se o potencial inovador de ações dessa natureza
Sayıştay Denetim Raporları Bağlamında Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Muhasebe Uygulamalarının Genel Kabul Görmüş Muhasebe İlkelerine Uyum Düzeyinin Araştırılması
Authors: ATİLA Sevil , KIYMIK Hakkı
Published: January 2024

Sayıştay denetimi kapsamında kamu idareleri tarafından gerçekleştirilen mali işlemler ve bu mali işlemler neticesinde ortaya çıkan mali tabloların genel kabul görmüş muhasebe ilkelerine uygunluğu da denetlenmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmanın temel amacı, Sayıştay tarafından kamu üniversitelerine yönelik gerçekleştirilen düzenlilik denetimi sonucu tespit edilen ve muhasebe hatası olarak kabul edilebilecek genel kabul görmüş muhasebe ilkelerine aykırı işlemlerin hesap grupları itibarıyla sınıflandırılarak yaygınlık düzeyinin tespit edilmesidir. Çalışmanın diğer bir amacını ise üniversitelerin denetim raporlarından elde edilen muhasebe hatası kaynaklı bulgular ile üniversitelerin yaşı, üniversitelerde görev yapan iç denetçi ve mali hizmetler uzmanlarının sayıları arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığının incelenmesi oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla, Sayıştay tarafından kamu üniversitelerine yönelik 2012-2021 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen denetimlere ilişkin 859 denetim raporu incelenmiş ve muhasebe hatası niteliğinde 2.051 bulguya rastlanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre en fazla hatanın 252-Binalar Hesabında gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca, üniversitelerin yaşı, üniversitelerde görev yapan iç denetçi ve mali hizmetler uzmanı sayısı açısından ortalama bulgu sayısına göre istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Transfer Pricing Documentation and The CbCR under BEPS Actİon 13: An Analysis of The Turkish Practice
Authors: ARITI ERDEM İmran , ODABAŞ Hakkı
Published: January 2024

The OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Project provides a solution for the transfer pricing problem through documentation and international exchange of information in BEPS Action 13, titled “Transfer Pricing Documentation and Countryby-Country Reporting”. This documentation is founded on a three-tiered standardized approach; the master file, the local file, and the country-by-country report (CbCR). Türkiye also follows this progressive approach, and the necessary legal framework has recently been modified to align with BEPS Action 13. The documentation in Türkiye includes the Master File, the Annual Transfer Pricing Report, the Form on Transfer Pricing, Controlled Foreign Companies, and Thin Capitalization (Camouflaged Capital) as of today. However, the legislation diverges from the action plan in some aspects. This study aims to evaluate the idealized body of BEPS Action 13 and examine the applicability of this normative action plan (i.e., the Model Legislation) in positive law by analyzing the Turkish practice.