bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Perks of Pet Ownership? The Effects of Pet Ownership for Well-being During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chopik William J. , Oh Jeewon , Weidmann Rebekka , Weaver Jonathan R. , Balzarini Rhonda Nicole , Zoppolat Giulia , Slatcher Richard B.
Published: November 2023

Pet ownership has often been lauded as a protective factor for well-being, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. We expanded this question to consider how pet (i.e., species, number) and owner (i.e., pet relationship quality, personality, attachment orientations) characteristics affected the association between pet ownership and well-being in a pre-registered mixed method analysis of 767 people assessed three times in May 2020. In our qualitative analyses, pet owners listed both benefits and costs of pet ownership during the COVID-19 pandemic. In our quantitative analyses, we found that pet ownership was not reliably associated with well-being. Further, this association largely did not depend on the number of pets owned, the species of pet(s) owned, the quality of the human-pet relationship, or the owner’s psychological characteristics. Our findings are consistent with a large body of research showing null associations of pet ownership on well-being (quantitatively) but positive reports of pet ownership (qualitatively).
The Long-Term Consequences of Family Violence Victimization: An Umbrella Review of Longitudinal Meta-Analyses on Child Maltreatment and Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Burghart Matthias , Backhaus Sophia
Published: November 2023

Purpose :Child maltreatment (CM) and intimate partner violence (IPV) can have far-reaching adverse consequences to psychological and physical health. While multiple evidence syntheses support this, they are typically limited by a narrow outcome focus, rely on cross-sectional studies, and lack true clinical impact estimates.Method: We conducted a preregistered umbrella review of meta-analyses only including prospective and longitudinal studies examining the long-term consequences of CM and IPV. We also critically appraised the included meta-analyses on their methodological quality and assessed the quality of evidence for each outcome. We calculated ORs by family victimization type and outcome, and population attributable fractions (PAFs) to estimate the true clinical impact of violence.Results: Our search yielded 18 meta-analyses, covering over 150 primary studies and more than 3 million individuals. The follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 17 years, with a median of 5 years. CM and IPV were significantly linked to 16 out of 19 adverse psychiatric, psychosocial, and physical health outcomes. While the methodological quality was moderate to high, the quality of evidence was generally lower. PAFs indicated that up to a quarter of cases of some psychiatric disorders can be attributed to family violence victimization.Conclusions: Family violence victimization is clearly linked to a multitude of long-term psychiatric and physical health consequences, and therefore requires action by researchers, policymakers, and practitioners. Recommendations, such as investments into global research and prevention efforts, are provided.
Boosting Scientific Creativity Among Researchers: How Efficient are Creativity Trainings?
Authors: Bonetto Eric , Arciszewski Thomas , Pichot Nicolas , Pavani Jean-Baptiste , Guiller Theo , Girandola Fabien , Bonnardel Nathalie
Published: November 2023

How can scientific creativity be fostered or encouraged among researchers ? The present contribution proposes a critical and constructive review of programs or methods designed to develop the creative abilities of individuals, the so-called ‘creativity trainings’. More specifically, it examines whether these trainings can be used in the specific context of scientific disciplines, and how efficient they are. At first glance, the literature seems to indicate that creativity trainings are effective when it comes to stimulating individual creativity, including scientific creativity. However, these general conclusions should not overshadow the serious limitations of these studies. Some of these theoretical and methodological limitations are common to all creativity trainings (e.g., difficulties in defining creativity itself), while others are specific to scientific creativity trainings (e.g., linked to specificities of scientific work). In a nutshell, all trainings are not made equal and do not look as efficient as they seem to be. This contribution also proposes some recommendations that would allow researchers to produce more valid results and to make it easier to interpret the results of creative training studies in the scientific domain and beyond.
Deposition of Transition Metal onto Carbonate Materials Surface: Theoretical Evaluation of Optimal Parameters
Authors:   Institute of Problems of Complex Development of Mineral Resources, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Gogol Daniil B. , Rozhkovoy Ivan E. ,   Institute of Problems of Complex Development of Mineral Resources, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Sadyrbekov Daniyar T. ,   Karaganda Buketov University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Makasheva Astra M. ,   Abishev Chemical and Metallurgical Institute, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2023

Deposition probabilities of transition metal ions on carbonate materials have been discussed in this paper. The deterministic and probabilistic design of the experiment has been used to obtain the optimal deposition parameters. The special features of deposition of copper, nickel, cobalt and zinc cations on surface of marble have been analyzed. Based on this research, the authors proposed the generalized multiple factor equations to predict the behavior of the selected metals on a marble surface. It was demonstrated that copper deposition is affected only by concentration of copper sulfate solution. For nickel, the strength of a complex with transition metal ion affects the deposition of an insoluble compound on carbonate surface. Deposition of cobalt under the specified conditions is very weak and an impact is exerted by the basicity and concentration of cobalt sulfate. For zinc, deposition under specified conditions has a strong dependence on the influencing factors, and the amount of deposited zinc varies within a wide range. The obtained results permit to use the application method of the protective and decorative coatings on products made of the natural minerals and inorganic materials such as marble, concrete, dolomite, limestone, gypsum, etc.
A GESTÃO DE UM LABORATÓRIO FERTILIDADE DE SOLO DIDÁTICO E COMERCIAL DE UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Girardello Vitor Cauduro
Published: November 2023

A parte educacional nas instituições de nível superior apresenta maior aproveitamento dos alunos quando estão associadas às vertentes teóricas e práticas realizadas por alunos supervisionados por professores. Neste sentido quando se consegue unir a atividade prática educacional com a atividade comercial, os ganhos são para os alunos e para as instituições. Assim a gestão de um laboratório é um desafio que os professores enfrentam na academia. O presente produto técnico/tecnológico tem o objetivo de ser um guia para ações de gestão que auxiliam professores e acadêmicos a desenvolverem suas atividades práticas dos Cursos de Ciências Agrárias no laboratório de fertilidade de solo, associado com atividades comerciais de prestação de serviços.
Surface Integrity Study of AISI 1045 Material in Dry Machining Using Coated Carbide Tool
Authors: Sitorus Fransnazoan , Irwansyah  , Siregar Emil Salim P
Published: November 2023

In metal cutting processes, the source of surface integrity deviation is a combination of several factors. The surface roughness parameter (Ra) is sufficient to determine the quality level of the surface packaging of a product, so it is widely used as a parameter to determine the surface packaging level of a product. Carbide tools dominate modern applications in the metalworking industry and are the preferred choice for metal cutting processes. Carbide tools can be improved through a coating process. In particular, the purpose of this study was to obtain surface roughness and optimum cutting conditions for dry machining of AISI 1045 materials using coated carbide tool when used in dry machining as well as for the development of research and development with research design analysis of the results of student practicum processes in laboratories, especially surface packaging material analysis. The material used is AISI 1045 with PVD TiAlN-TiN coated carbide tool. Combination machining process of cutting conditions, namely cutting speed, feed and depth of cut. Surface roughness test results on AISI 1045 test material with uncoated carbide tool surface roughness value = 9,042µm in cutting conditions: v= 235 m/min; f= 0.05mm/put; a=0.5mm; tc= 5.23 min. And the results of the surface roughness test on the AISI 1045 test material with PVD coated carbide tool with the best average surface roughness value = 6,135µm in cutting conditions: v=235 m/min; f=0.75 mm/put; a=1mm; tc=5.30 min.
Some Observations on Minority Integration in American Mainstream
Authors: Shioshvili Tamar
Published: November 2023

Many Americans believe in the melting pot, but in practice they apply the cookie cutter. For those who could fit the mold, socioeconomic advancement in a class society was possible based upon one’s individual efforts. Status was earned or determined by what one did. After the changes of 1960s assumptions retained by Americans for hundreds of years were examined by the great majority. At the peak of the questions was the letting pot assumption of how one enters the mainstream of the American society. Laborers and blacks wanted the equitable share or quality of the socioeconomic pie. However, they could not give up their differences to fit the cookie-cutter mold as white laborers did. The price of entry was extremely high and impossible. With the assertion of black identity the civil rights movement of 1960s became qualitative and is the basis of all identity movements since then. Women’s Liberation, Chicano Liberation, and all other such movements affirm the right to be different and still have their fair share of the American pie.
Unity of Souls in Vasil Barnov’s Publicist Stories
Authors: Bakuridze Mariam
Published: November 2023

Vasil Barnov’s characters feel the existence of dual reality: everyday life and metaphysical existence.  Metaphysical reality actually is perceived as mythical imagination in their consciousness.
Educational Challenges Faced by the Native Americans The Case of the Cherokee Nation
Authors: Chumburidze Tea
Published: November 2023

This article examines the educational issues facing Native American people, who have experienced a considerable amount of oppressive federal and state educational policies intending to assimilate them to the mainstream society and destroy their cultures and languages. The research aims to investigate the impact of educational policy of the U.S. government on the Native American population and culture with a particular focus on the Cherokee people.
Body Language - Perfect Means of Accentuating the Statement
Authors: DIASAMIDZE Gulnara
Published: November 2023

Nonverbal expressions (gestures, mimic, body movement) are reviewed in the article. Body language is a perfect means of accentuating the statement but it should be used very carefully, because the same gestures may mean absolutely different things in various cultures. Do not forget about the subtlety of body language when practicing your language skills.
Unmarried Cohabitation as a “Socially Sanctioned” Replacement of Marriage?
Authors: Gogberashvili Salome
Published: November 2023

The aim of this article is to analyze cohabitation phenomena, a new pattern of family relationship, as well as some reasons, which assisted the process of deinstitutionalization of marriage while deeply establishing cohabitation. The analysis of this paper is based on statistics, books, reports and academic articles.
The Wishing Tree by Giorgi Leonidze: World of Heroes
Authors: Bakuridze Mariam
Published: November 2023

“The Wishing Tree” by Giorgi Leonidze – a truly prosaic masterpiece is a result of great artisticexperience. Giorgi Leonidze depicts the fascinating ethnographic picture of the 20th centuryKakhetian life. The writer presents the picture not only in order to preserve the memory ofcharacters depicted, but also intending to show that the way of life shown in the novel wasnurturing and making young individuals’ lives subtle. For a poet, The Wishing Tree was blossomingin Patardzeuli and it still does so. Patardzeuli is the very place the author confessedhis love to when he was still young and dedicated quite a number of his verses to the place,but as this great feeling of passionate love towards his fatherland and his own people did notfade with time, he could not control his feelings and thoughts within his soul and mind thathave gathered throughout his lifetime as they were trying to manifest themselves in differentform. You can find any type of personality in the “The Wishing Tree”; those ones who willremind you many of your acquaintances and those ones, who are different from other as well.
Role of Presentation in Teaching Russian Language at the University
Authors: DIASAMIDZE Gulnara
Published: November 2023

This article reviews possibilities of using a presentation in teaching monologue expressionsin Russian language to students of non-linguistic professions at the university and its advantages.The main requirements to preparation of presentation are presented and criteria forevaluation of monologue expressions are developed.
British Petroleum and Corporate Social Responsibility Case Study: British Petroleum in Georgia
Authors: Lazishvili Tamar
Published: November 2023

The rising importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) means that corporationsmust consider stakeholder interests as well as the social, political, and environmental impactsof their actions. However the pursuit of profit by multinational corporations has led to aseries of questionable CSR activities and the effect of such practices are particularly evidentin developing countries. Multinational corporations often articulate their devotion to CSR principles,but the gap between rhetoric and reality, especially in some parts of the world revealsthat many corporations have not fully integrated CSR into their business models. Using BP’sactivities in Georgia as an example, this article examines whether the multinational companymeets its CSR requirements and detail how in 2004 BP bullied the Georgian Government intoviolating its own laws, potentially endangering the local environment and compromising thevital relationship between BP and Georgia.
Consciousness and Existence
Authors: AMAGLOBELI Givi
Published: November 2023

This paper endeavors to examine the relationship between consciousnesses and existence, or more precisely – the relation and attitude of consciousness towards existence which in other terms is the relation and attitude of cognitive processes towards objective reality. The fundamental question that should be posed in this context can beformulated in the following manner: which one is primary and which is secondary, which is determinant, and how existence is being reflected in consciousness; how existence/ existent is reflected in and through language, which is the external manifestation of consciousness. We will begin with an examination of the issue by referring to ancient philosophical reflections comparing them with modern considerations in the Philosophy of Language.
Гіпергомоцистеїнемія і серцево-судинний ризик при коморбідному перебігу ішемічної хвороби серця і кислотозалежних захворювань
Authors: Zharkova A. V. , Orlovsky V. F.
Published: November 2023

Наведено аналіз особливостей перебігу ішемічної хвороби серця (ІХС) на фоні кислото-залежних захворювань (КЗЗ). За результатами аналізу встановлено підвищення ризику серцево-судинних ускладнень при коморбідній патології. Визначено, що при ІХС, асоційованій з КЗЗ, середній рівень ціанокобаламіну достовірно нижчий, а середній рівень гомоцистеїну достовірно вищий порівняно з показником при ізольованих патологічних станах та в контрольній групі. Встановлено, що гіпергомоцистеїнемія (ГГЦ) спричинює розвиток атерогенних типів дисліпопротеїнемії. Ступінь дефіциту ціанокобаламіну (віт. В12) та вираженість ГГЦ збільшувалися пропорційно подовженню тривалості перебігу КЗЗ та прийому інгібіторів протонної помпи. Існує достовірний зворотний кореляційний зв’язок між рівнем гомоцистеїну та ціанокобаламіну плазми крові, найсильніший серед хворих з коморбідною патологією.
Параметры потенциала Р300 на этапах развития субкортикальной сосудистой деменции у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста
Authors: Levada O. A. , Trailin A. V. , Kvitka H. L. , Stolbinska O. V.
Published: November 2023

Вивчали латентність та амплітуду слухового викликаного потенціалу Р300 в 11 осіб похилого та старечого віку без когнітивних порушень (БКП), середній вік – (70,73 ± 4,24) року, у 20 хворих з субкортикальним судинним легким когнітивним порушенням (ССЛКП), середній вік – (75,35 ± 5,48) року та у 20 пацієнтів із субкортикальною судинною деменцією (ССД), середній вік – (75,80 ± 6,51) року. Встановлено, що величина латентності хвилі Р300 достовірно збільшується на етапах розвитку ССД у пацієнтів похилого та старечого віку. Середні значення даного показника в групі БКП становили (341,09 ± 107,70) мс, у хворих із ССЛКП – (655,70 ± 87,08) мс, у хворих із ССД – (732,45 ± 74,64) мс. За даним показником можна диференціювати пацієнтів із ССЛКП й осіб БКП, хворих із ССД і ССЛКП. Збільшення латентності Р300 пов’язане з тяжкістю та специфікою когнітивного дефіциту етапів розвитку ССД, відображаючи прогресуюче погіршення функції уваги, оперативної пам’яті, наростання кінетичної та регуляторної апраксії.
Utilization of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) by Emergency Medical Services: Updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dhakal Roshan , Karki Deeven , Ghimire Sujha , Ali Rubiya , Dawach Samia , Iqbal Asra , Farzaneh Roohie , Rahsepar Sara , Panahi Maryam , Bagherian Farhad , Rezvani Kakhki Behrang , Acheshmeh Zahra , Ahmadnezhad  Somayyeh , Maleki Fatemeh , Yaqoob Uzair , Zarenezhd Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Background: While new studies are being published on the prehospital continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) application in patients with respiratory failure with conflicting results, previous meta-analyses are showing the benefits of CPAP in the prehospital transfer of patients with respiratory distress. Before the clinical application of high-level evidence, updated pooled estimates are needed based on the growing literature. This study aimed to compare prehospital CPAP with the usual standard oxygen therapy of respiratory failure patients. Materials and Methods: PRISMA guidelines served as the framework for this updated review study. It is an extension of a prior systematic review. We conducted comprehensive searches across several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, focusing on randomized trials that juxtaposed pre-hospital CPAP application against standard care. Our primary interest was to assess the in-hospital mortality risks, and we employed random effect models to aggregate risk ratios from the selected studies. Results: Four articles were gathered based on the review of the updated literature (2013 to November 2022) in conjunction with the research incorporated in the preceding meta-analysis with a total number of 747 patients receiving prehospital CPAP with 101 events of in-hospital mortality. In the standard treatment control groups, there were 713 patients and 115 deaths occurred. Pooled mortality risk comparison between the group of prehospital CPAP and standard care patients had no statistically significant difference (P=0.16). There was no heterogenicity. A regression between the year of the studies and the effect size showed increased RR in new studies (p=0.017). Conclusion: Still more randomized trials are needed with higher sample sizes to conclude the lifesaving efficacy of the out-of-hospital CPAP.
Participación de las juventudes en asuntos medioambientales en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Gómez Romero Celeste , Rodríguez Lluís Juan , Rappocciolo Francesca , Buergo Almirón Isaac , Cano Piris Emilia , Gehre Ramos Margit , Leguizamón Servián Belén , Matiauda María Laura , Trouwloon Danick
Published: November 2023

La participación de la juventud es clave para construir consensos en las políticas de medioambiente. Históricamente, los movimientos juveniles promovieron las reivindicaciones medioambientales, emergiendo como agentes de cambio. En la práctica, sus posibilidades de obtener información, participar en la toma de decisiones y acceder a la justicia en el ámbito medioambiental inciden en la calidad de la democracia, la construcción de sociedades resilientes y la preservación del medio ambiente. Esta investigación identifica estrategias para promover la participación medioambiental de las juventudes de América Latina y el Caribe, analiza los marcos legales e institucionales y las políticas públicas, y recopila buenas prácticas para la contribución juvenil a la protección de los ecosistemas, la transformación de los conflictos ambientales, y la mitigación y la adaptación al cambio climático. Además, aborda los desafíos y riesgos que enfrentan las juventudes defensoras de derechos ambientales.
IDENTIFI CATION OF PROBLEMS OF CONTINUITY BETWEEN PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY GENERAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Institute of Education Development of Irkutsk region, Babintseva L. N.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the identifi cation of problems of continuity between preschool and primary general education in Irkutsk region. The method of solving the problems of continuity between preschool and primary general education in Irkutsk region is described. Methods. A questionnaire was compiled to identify the relevant problems of continuity between preschool and primary general education. Results. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the main problems of continuity between primary and preschool education in educational organizations of Irkutsk region have been identified. Conclusion. The analysis of the survey conducted among teachers of preschool educational institutions and primary schools showed that the main problems of continuity between preschool and primary general education are the following: insufficient competence of parents in preparing for the transition from kindergarten to school; psychological unpreparedness of parents (anxiety) for the transition of a child from kindergarten to school; lack of interaction between school and kindergarten teachers on continuity issues; and other problems directly related to the activities of preschool and general education organizations on continuity issues. In addition, a tendency to shift the problems of continuity between preschool and primary general education by teachers and management personnel of preschool and general education institutions to each other was revealed. To solve the problems of continuity between preschool and primary education, a regional project “Regional School of Mentors “Continuity between preschool and primary general education: from idea to practice” has been developed.
PROBLEMS OF UPDATING THE CONTENT OF SUBJECTS AND SUPPORT FOR CLASSES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ORIENTATION
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Karakulova O. V. , Titova G. Yu. ,   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Lyba A. A. ,   Tomsk State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The article examines the relevance of opening classes of psychological and pedagogical orientation; the main provisions of the documents regulating the work in these classes are given. Materials and methods. We used analytical methods and an analysis of the responses received in the course of the group discussion of the strategic session. Results. During the strategic session with the participation of representatives of educational organizations of the city of Tomsk and the Tomsk region, deficits and difficulties in the implementation of activities and the curriculum of classes and groups of psychological and pedagogical orientation were identified: insufficient understanding of the essence of the opening of psychological and pedagogical classes, the issue of the content of invariant courses and teaching methods, the lack of involvement of other educators, the problems of chronic fatigue, and the lack of time that are common among many.
STUDY OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES AND SPECIALISTS OF HELPING PROFESSIONS ABOUT THE PHENOMENON OF EXTRABILITY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO CREATIVE SELF-ACTUALIZATION
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Tyurina N. Sh. , Polyakova N. P. ,   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Sokolova O. Yu. ,   Moscow City Pedagogical University
Published: November 2023

. Introduction. The data obtained in the course of studying the perception of people with disabilities by various social groups and, in particular, the concept of “extrability”, made it possible to raise the question of the essence of this сonсept. The conditions for the creative self-actualization of people with disabilities include the presence in these categories of people of abilities that exceed the minimum necessary for suссessful adaptation; enlightened society; and inclusive environment. The purpose of the article is to study the phenomenon of extrability, experimental study of ideas about this phenomenon and its connection with creative self-actualization among the target audience (people with disabilities, helping specialists). Materials and methods. When working on the article, analytic methods (a retrospective analysis of scientifi c literature) and practical methods (personal experience in preparing students in the system of special education and working with gifted children, including those with special educational programs) were applied. Research results. Using their research experience, the authors of the article proposed a scientific c rationale for the need to rethink the essence of creative self-actualization for persons with disabilities, the conditions of which are abilities that cannot be reduced to a set of compensatory mechanisms. The study of extrability as a socio-cultural phenomenon was carried out in two stages: the first stage was of an educational nature, and the second stage involved the study of the dynamics of changes in people’s perceptions of extrability in different social groups. The conditions that allow for the self-actualization of people with disabilities were proposed. Conclusion. The proposed approach to understanding the phenomenon of abilities that exceed the minimum required for successful socialization as extrability can be used by teachers of special, general, and additional education, helping specialists working with various categories of people with psychological disorders.
TECHNOLOGIES AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF ETHNO-CULTURAL IDENTITY OF YOUTH
Authors:   East-Siberian State Institute of Culture, Tatarova S. P. , Kharitonova S. A. ,   East-Siberian State Institute of Culture, Zateeva N. A. ,   East-Siberian State Institute of Culture
Published: November 2023

Introduction. In the context of the interpenetration of national cultures, the development and unification of mass culture, the issues of preserving the cultural uniqueness of ethnic communities directly depend on their cultural and ethnic identity. In this regard, the paper considers approaches to the concept of identity, highlights ethno-cultural identity, which, in the context of multicultural region, is one of the most significant in the structure of personal identities. Materials and research methods. The methodological basis of the study is a complex of pedagogical, philosophical, and cultural approaches to understanding identity, factors and ways of forming ethno-cultural identity. The empirical basis of the study is the findings of a sociological study conducted by the authors among the Buryat population of the Republic of Buryatia in 2020. The purpose of the study is to determine the factors for the formation of ethno-cultural identity and socio-cultural technologies used in working with the younger generation to facilitate this process. Results. The formation and development of ethno-cultural identity is influenced by a complex set of conditions and factors, as well as a variety of social institutions. The authors pay special attention to a number of indicators of ethno-cultural identity, which are formed as a consequence of traditional and acceptable social experience in the family, which is an integral part of the ethno-culture, which transmits ethnic characteristics gradually, in the course of everyday communication and interaction of the micro community members. On the basis of the author’s sociological research, the work demonstrates manifestations of various factors influencing ethnic identity. Particular attention is paid to technologies implemented in educational, cultural and leisure institutions aimed at maintaining the culture and traditions of the ethnic group, which, in turn, affects the ethno-cultural identity of its members.
METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL READER’S REFLECTION IN THE PROCESS OF ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF A LITERARY WORK (5TH-6TH GRADES)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Sosnovskaya I. V. , Terentieva N. P. ,   South Ural State Humanities Pedagogical University
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of the development of personal reflection by the school student reader. The methodological aspect is fundamental: a toolkit for analyzing and interpreting literary works is presented, the use of which implies addressing the reader’s inner semantic sphere, involving them in reflexive activity, active dialogue with the author of the work, its characters, when life and psychological connections between the reader and the artistic reality are revealed. The purpose of the article is to substantiate of the feasibility of introduction into the practice of teaching literature a methodological toolkit that allows activating the development of personal reading reflection of younger adolescents in the process of analyzing and interpreting a literary work starting from 5th-6th grades. Materials and methods. The Federal State Educational Standard and the Federal Working Program in Literature guide teachers on the need to form individual learning outcomes, and provide an educational focus on literary education. They identify psychological mechanisms of personal reflection in relation to the age-specific traits of younger adolescents; the methodological conditions, and the approaches existing in the methodology to activate personal reflection. The conducted survey showed that personal reflection is extremely insufficiently manifested in the reading activity of adolescents, and methodological toolkit fostering the development of personal reading reflection skills is required. Results. The possibilities of introducing various methodological techniques, hermeneutical in nature, into the practice of school analysis of epic and lyrical works (“actualization of emotional and life experience”, “identification”, “recollection”, “completion”, “finishing”, “getting used to representations”, “reflective bridge”, “building up of meaning”, “answer for the character”, “answer for the author”, “vital truth”, “questioning oneself”, “coming up with the assessment”, “coming up with the solution”, etc.) are described. Conclusion. The authors conclude that the process of developing reflexive consciousness and reflexive skills of schoolchildren is naturally shaped based on the material of reading works of art and the possibility of overcoming the cultural gap between a classic work and a modern teenage reader provided that methodological tools developing personal reflection are systematically included. This is a practical method for getting personal benefits from literature lessons at school.
PEDAGOGICAL AND RHETORICAL IDEAL AS A SUBJECT OF STUDY IN RHETORIC CLASSES WITH FUTURE BACHELORS OF PHILOLOGY
Authors:   National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Filippova O. V.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The relevance of considering the concept of the pedagogical and rhetorical ideal in the methodological aspect is a result of the growing demand for high-quality rhetorical training of future teachers at the university and the search for effective approaches to using this concept in the process of rhetorical instruction since the teacher’s speech ability cannot be divorced from the moral and personal foundation of professional speech activities. The purpose of the study is to examine the content of the concept of “pedagogical and rhetorical ideal” and to determine its place and role in the content and structure of professional rhetorical training of philology students, future teachers. Methods. In order to develop competencies in areas of the pedagogical and rhetorical ideal in rhetoric classes with philology students, the study used the method of theoretical analysis of sources, experimental methods (conversation, rhetorical analysis), as well as sociological and pedagogical methods (written survey, observation) to gauge the level of competency development. Research results. The author analyzes approaches to describing the pedagogical and rhetorical ideal, formulates a working definition and determines its place in the structure of the program of the course “Rhetoric” for students of philology, selects the methods of its study, processes the results of a written survey of students based on the findings of studying the concept of “pedagogical and rhetorical ideal” in the rhetoric course. Conclusions. The introduction of the concept of pedagogical and rhetorical ideal into the program of the rhetoric course for undergraduate students 45.03.01 Philology contributes to the professionalization of student rhetorical instruction, the development of the future teacher’s communicative personality, the creation of a basis for improving professional rhetorical culture, the implementation of an interdisciplinary approach in the preparation of a bachelor of philology.
THE PROJECT METHOD AS ONE OF THE TOOLS FOR ACHIEVING AN EDUCATIONAL OUTCOME IN PREPARATION FOR A PRACTICE-ORIENTED EXAM IN A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Pirozhnikova A. M. , Lysikova T. S. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: November 2023

Introduction. The article analyzes various interpretations of the structure of the educational outcome. The experience of applying the project method in the process of organizing preparation for the practice-oriented exam of undergraduate students in “Pedagogical Education” is described from the standpoint of active and technological approaches. Materials and methods. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: analysis of normative, scientific, psychological and pedagogical, methodological literature on the implementation of the conditions for conducting a practice-oriented exam; survey of exam participants. Results. Based on the experience of conducting a practice-oriented exam for undergraduate students, an analysis of the use of the project method in preparing students for obtaining an educational outcome and the development of the author’s project are presented. Conclusion. The authors identified and substantiated the need to use the project method in preparing students for a practice-oriented exam in the module associated with the creation of a video.
AXIOLOGICAL VECTOR OF THE REGIONAL COMPONENT, OR ON SCHOOL FILM ADAPTATION
Authors:   Higher Education M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Zhirkov D. D.
Published: November 2023

In the introduction, the author outlines the problem of organizing extracurricular activities of students as a technology of communication with film art. The purpose of the article is to show school film adaptation of a literary work as one of the forms of updating materials of the national-regional component of Federal State Educational Standard, the introduction of which acquires axiological orientation. Materials and methods. The study is based on an axiological approach that creates the necessary conditions for the value self-determination of the individual within the creative process. Among other things, the involvement of works on regional Yakut themes, according to the author of the article, is designed, on the one hand, to facilitate the immersion of students in the history of the Little Motherland, on the other hand, to preserve the unified cultural field of Russia. The ballad “Saatyr” by A. Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, the story “Makar’s Dream” by V. Korolenko, the poem “Knock” by I. Brodsky, the poem “Diamonds and Tears” by E. Evtushenko were chosen as objects for adaptation in the context of the phenomenon of artification. Bibliography overview. Based on research in the field of methods of teaching literature, film pedagogy and literary criticism, the author highlights the issue, specifies current trends in the organization of extracurricular activities of students in the aspect of the phenomenon of artification. Results. The author substantiates genre definition of the video series “Russian Writers in Yakutia” and the reasons for referring to the chosen literary material, including the lack of experience in film practice of its interpretation. An algorithm of work on a school film adaptation is presented where the most important stages are highlighted. It is shown that arising questions aimed at the development of the students’ value-semantic sphere, designing of axiological situations, and implicit text analysis are essential stages of the work on a film version of a literary work. Besides, the author focuses on video editing as a technique to cultivate a specific kind of cognitive activity in students. Conclusion. The experience of creating a video series that was uploaded to YouTube leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to organize the text-generating activities of schoolchildren in order to form their subjective position and to find personal meanings in art.
Dispatch of Health Students Studying Abroad and Conflict Over Study Abroad Policy in the U.S. Army Military Government Period
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Social History of Medicine, Kim Jin-hyouk
Published: November 2023

After liberation, the Korean health care system changed under the influence of the United States. This study focuses on health students studying abroad during the U.S. Army Military Government period as a starting point for changes in Korean health care. By focusing on the process and educational content of sending international students, we will examine the differences in the positions of institutions involved in sending international students and the content of American public health knowledge received through studying abroad.
The first and second Rockefeller Foundation international students studied public health and other detailed technologies in the United States and conducted field trips. The concept of public health accepted in the United States was premised on responsibility for the community and could become the basis for the role of health care administration during the nation-building period. By cultivating expertise in specific majors, including public health administration, international students were able to play a central role in Korea’s health care administration.
Through the second student dispatch process, we were able to examine the differences in judgments and positions between the US military government, including Korean medical education group, and the Rockefeller Foundation regarding the tasks that should be focused on in Korea. While the US military government emphasized the improvement of Korean medical education during the selection process for international students, the Rockefeller Foundation sought to select those who would focus on improving Korea's ‘public health’. This could later be reflected in the development of Korean medical education, which focused on the development of medical fields other than public health. In addition, the fact that the positions of the US military government and the Rockefeller Foundation were not the same regarding the dispatch of international students suggested that the ‘Americanization’ of health care needed to be reviewed by specific sector and period.
The China Medical Board’s Support for Medical Education at Kyungpook National University and Its Implications in Korea, 1953-1974
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Social History of Medicine, Seo Narae
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the case of the U.S. China Medical Board (CMB) educational assistance to Kyungpook National University (KNU), School of Medicine from 1953 to 1974 and analyzes its implications. Higher education and medical education have been centered in Seoul since the time of liberation, and the majority of educational support has remained within this framework. From 1953 to 1974, the CMB of the Rockefeller Foundation provided educational assistance to the KNU School of Medicine in Daegu, which was unusual under the circumstances. This study will concentrate on KNU and examine the development of educational assistance. The first period of CMB support for KNU lasted from 1953 to 1965, while the second lasted from 1966 to 1974. The budget for the first half was allocated to the reconstruction of medical education after the Korean War. In contrast, the budget of the second half was allocated to research grants to assist KNU in becoming a research-focused medical school. The case of the suspension and resumption of CMB’s aid to KNU in 1960-1961 due to a school strike will be used to illustrate the relationship between CMB's educational assistance and the U.S.-led Cold War order.
A Study on the Establishment and Operation of KoangHyoeNyoWon (Women's Hospital of Extended Grace) in Pyengyang
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Social History of Medicine, Baek Ok kyoung
Published: November 2023

KoangHyoeNyoWon (廣惠女院, Women's Hospital of Extended Grace) was opened in Pyengyang in 1898. I looked into the process of the dispensary's establishment, and some of its medical service activities, its personnel and financial operations, and the history of the changes KoangHyoeNyoWon had undergone.
KoangHyoeNyoWon was established in Pyengyang by the WFMS (Woman’s Foreign Missionary Society) to provide medical services for women as an independent medical enterprise. The first attempt to open a women’s clinic failed in 1894, but in 1898, KoangHyoeNyoWon began operations. It built a system of medical services in cooperation with Giholbyeowon (the Hall Memorial Hospital), which was another clinic established by the Methodist Church. In addition, it tried to extend the medical services not only to women and children, but also to the poor and the disabled; therefore, it had the characteristics of a social welfare center. These facts led KoangHyoeNyoWon to rely on the support of the WFMS. The WFMS had provided KoangHyoeNyoWon with manpower, personnel expenses, medicine, medical facilities, and fees for maintenance, fuel, insurance, etc. In addition, the WFMS had covered the cost of rebuilding and reequipping the dispensary.
But Jahye Clinic, a colonial medical center, opened in 1910 and competed with KoangHyoeNyoWon, which explains why the dispensary for women had to make changes. By the 1910s, gender discrimination in Joseon had lessened and women were more likely to use hospitals such as Jahye Clinic and Giholbyeowon; at the same time, demands for KoangHyoeNyoWon to become financially independent increased as the financial situation of the WFMS deteriorated. By 1914, there was talk of closing KoangHyoeNyoWon. However, it began to seek solutions to overcome the crisis and to gain financial independence. Several attempts were made to improve medical facilities, support medical education to supply independent manpower, and diversify medical services. Gradually, KoangHyoeNyoWon became a maternity clinic and offered medical care in conjunction with other clinics.
In the 1920s, KoangHyoeNyoWon was merged with other hospitals—Giholbyeowon (Methodist Church) and Caroline Memorial Hospital (Presbyterian Church). It resulted from the willingness of the missionary society in Joseon to build a large and strong Christian hospital in order to compete with the colonial and national hospitals that wereexpanding aggressively. As a result, KoangHyoeNyoWon became the women’s ward of the United Christian Hospital. Through the merger, women were able to receive better and more comprehensive medical services, making KoangHyoeNyoWon the best choice for women in need. Now it was time for the question of why and how there should be a women’s clinic.
The Dream of New Psychiatry: William C. Menninger and Psychoanalysis
Authors:   The Korean Association for the Social History of Medicine, Lee Namhee
Published: November 2023

After World War II, psychiatry eagerly wanted to reform the discipline and develop its systematic structure. Among many who tried to establish a new structure of discipline, there is William C. Menninger who ranked the highest level, Brigadier General, during WWII. Delving into the career of William C. Menninger and his scholarly works, this paper strives to capture his quest for rebuilding psychiatry by adopting the theory of psychoanalysis into psychiatry. As a psychiatrist, who had both military and non-military experiences of medicine, and who had been trained as a psychoanalyst himself, Menninger tried to effectively organize psychiatry, so that the discipline could become the spearhead to build a healthy and sane American society.
However, the reality that psychiatry had faced during the war was not promising in that sense. At the turn of the century, the discipline had been immersed itself into either state hospitals or individual clinics. These limited experiences could not be utilized for unprecedented large-scale warfare. Menninger, with his experiences during the war, figured out the differences between the goal of military psychiatry and civilian psychiatry. Especially, while the war had been close to the end, there was urgent need to make psychiatry fit in the post-war environment. Menninger believed that it should be psychiatry that could manage this drastic environmental changes by appropriating the psychodynamic theory from psychoanalysis.
Chronic disease treatment default prediction, potential benefits with applied random sampling optimization techniques
Authors: Owusu-Adjei Michael , Hayfron-Acquah James Ben , Frimpong Twum , Abdul-Salaam Gaddafi
Published: November 2023

A characteristic feature of real-world applications is the occurrence of dataset class imbalance in the output class distribution common in practical business applications such as spam filtering and fraud detection. Predictive modeling contributions from the minority or underrepresented class are overlooked by most learning algorithms. Addressing this challenge includes applying re-sampling techniques that eliminate class distribution imbalance for a more balanced output class distribution in the training examples. Random sampling techniques such as random over-sampling of the minority class duplicates the minority class examples to achieve a more balanced distribution or random under-sampling to delete training examples in the majority class for a balanced distribution to eliminate class imbalance in the dataset and finally Synthetic minority over-sampling technique which is designed to generate synthetic examples for the minority class to address class imbalance. The usefulness of these random sampling techniques has received attention in several research studies, particularly for binary classifications in two-class or multi-classification problems. This application to many is aimed at achieving equal class distribution meant to determine optimal model performance. This comparative assessment of random sampling optimization show significant difference in model performance on applied random sampling technique use and also confirms that even with poor performance in false alarms, high prediction accuracy score and roc_auc score can be achieved.