bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE CORRELATION OF ADVOCACY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors:   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Lapkin Andrii
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the topic of the scientific article is due to the development of the institution of the bar in Ukraine, in the process of which the issue arises about correlation between advocacy and entrepreneurship. This problem is not only theoretical, but also practical, since the determination of the legal status of an advocate as a subject of advocacy, as well as the taxation of this activity, depend on its solution. The purpose of the scientific article is to determine correlation of advocacy to entrepreneurial activity, as well as to resolve the issue of the possibility of combining these types of activities by an advocate. This problem is considered in two aspects: the possibility of a person combining advocacy activities with entrepreneurial activity and the possibility of carrying out entrepreneurial activity within the framework of advocacy activity. Based on the analysis of theoretical works and domestic legislation, it was concluded that the conduct of advocacy is compatible with any type of entrepreneurial activity. At the same time, Ukrainian law does not consider advocacy as an enterprise. The issue of taxation of advocacy is being considered. On the basis of tax legislation, it was concluded that advocates are considered to carry out independent professional activities, which excludes the application of a simplified tax system to them. The compliance of advocacy activity with the criteria of entrepreneurship was analyzed. The possibility of attributing advocacy to the types of entrepreneurial activity with preservation of specific tasks, guarantees and other features of advocacy activity is justified. This creates the basis for the possibility of taxing advocacy under in a simplified system. The delimitation of advocacy and entrepreneurial activity could remain only the subject of theoretical discussions, if not applied to the measurement of this problem relating to the approach to taxation of such activities. Consideration of advocacy as an entrepreneurial is more advantageous for lawyers, since it allows a simplified taxation system.
Befriending the Darkness: L.M. Montgomery’s Lived Theodicy in Anne’s House of Dreams
Authors: Dickieson Brenton
Published: December 2021

In Anne’s House of Dreams, which Elizabeth Epperly calls Montgomery’s most philosophical novel, Montgomery delves into painful topics of loss, suicide, bad marriages, ill-timed love, poverty, and the beautiful-terrible consequences of duty. The result is a complex and nuanced consideration of faithful living in the face of unexplainable evil that functions as a lived theodicy in story form. “I reckon when the darkness is close to us it is a friend. But when we sorter push it away from us—divorce ourselves from it, so to speak, with lantern light—it becomes an enemy.” —L.M. Montgomery, Captain Jim in Anne’s House of Dreams
Student perceptions of independent living skills development as a result of the residence hall experience
Authors:   , Burch Joni
Published: December 2021

This mixed-methods case study examined how students perceived the development of independent living skills because of their residence hall experience. Using Astin's (1993) Inputs-Environment-Outputs (IEO) framework to guide the research methodology and analyze data, this study highlighted the importance of students living with, and among, their peers in shared living space. Sharing living spaces with peers was found to be a key contributor to developing interpersonal and intrapersonal skills. Students expressed the importance of the residence hall experience during their first year and highlighted the relationship with their Resident Assistant as the most significant residence hall intervention strategy. Upperclass students discussed wanting fewer points of contact with residence hall staff, resources, and programs. Lastly, residence hall leadership positions (Resident Assistant and Hall Government involvement) were noted as significant contributors to developing independent living skills associated with interacting with others. Findings will inform adjustments to the Resident Assistant role in upperclass student living areas and help address specific learning strategies that students shared some helpful perspective and insight regarding their effectiveness (e.g., roommate agreement). This study established a research framework that will support future research regarding the residence hall experience.
Successful urban elementary music educators : a phenomenological investigation
Authors:   , Wilson G. Preston
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics and experiences of teachers who have been successful in urban elementary music classrooms. I aimed to garner an authentic picture and capture the essence of what it means to be a successful urban elementary music educator. This hermeneutic phenomenology was guided by two research questions: (1) What are the lived experiences of urban music educators who have been successful in teaching music at the elementary level? (2) What are the pedagogical approaches used by elementary music educators in urban contexts? The related sub-questions were as follows: (1) What characterizes success in the urban elementary music classroom? (2) What are characteristics of these educators (e.g., personal, educational, interpersonal)? Data collection included approximately 60-minute semi-structured interviews from eight participants. A constant comparative method was utilized to examine the coded transcripts. Trustworthiness was established through data triangulation, participant checking, and peer checking. Through the three-part analysis, six themes emerged: (a) relationships are key; (b) understanding how music functions for students; (c) willingness to perform unofficial job duties; (d) concerns about urban teacher preparation; (e) curricular and pedagogical decisions; and (f) urban music teacher characteristics. The findings of this study, as well as that of other scholars in music education, suggest that being a successful urban elementary music educator is the result of a composite set of skills. The teachers who participated in this study use creativity when making curricular and pedagogical decisions, possess a complex knowledge and understanding of their students, their students' families, and their students' community, and have a deep affection for what they do and whom they serve. Successful urban elementary music educators can serve as valuable resources to provide understanding and offer suggestions for improving urban music education, including ways to nurture and develop the next wave of music educators.
The relationship between teacher stress and job satisfaction as moderated by coping using single-item measures
Authors:   , Woods Seth
Published: December 2021

Teacher stress has been studied for decades and the negative outcomes of too much stress are well known, such as burnout and lack of teacher retention. The present study focuses on the relationship between teacher stress and teacher job satisfaction. The Transactional Model of stress specifies that coping must be accounted for when considering a person's stress reaction, as a person's coping capacity or resources are what determines whether stress reaction will occur. The present study seeks to answer the question: Does coping moderate the relationship between teacher stress and job satisfaction? Moderation analysis was conducted using data from randomized trials examining a leadership training program. The results showed that coping moderated the relationship between stress and job satisfaction. Adding to the importance of this study for practitioners is that all three constructs (stress, coping, and job satisfaction) were measured using single items, making it easy for practitioners to measure among their staff.
Deep heterogeneous superpixel neural networks for image analysis and feature extraction
Authors:   , Yang Zhangwei (Alex)
Published: December 2021

Lately, deep convolutional neural networks are rapidly transforming and enhancing computer vision accuracy and performance, and pursuing higher-level and interpretable object recognition. Superpixel-based methodologies have been used in conventional computer vision research where their efficient representation has superior effects. In contemporary computer vision research driven by deep neural networks, superpixel-based approaches mainly rely on oversegmentation to provide a more efficient representation of the imagery data, especially when the computation is too expensive in time or memory to perform in pairwise similarity regularization or complex graphical probabilistic inference. In this dissertation, we proposed a novel superpixel-enabled deep neural network paradigm by relaxing some of the prior assumptions in the conventional superpixel-based methodologies and exploring its capabilities in the context of advanced deep convolutional neural networks. This produces novel neural network architectures that can achieve higher-level object relation modeling, weakly supervised segmentation, high explainability, and facilitate insightful visualizations. This approach has the advantage of being an efficient representation of the visual signal and has the capability to dissect out relevant object components from other background noise by spatially re-organizing visual features. Specifically, we have created superpixel models that join graphical neural network techniques and multiple-instance learning to achieve weakly supervised object detection and generate precise object bounding without pixel-level training labels. This dissection and the subsequent learning by the architecture promotes explainable models, whereby the human users of the models can see the parts of the objects that have led to recognition. Most importantly, this neural design's natural result goes beyond abstract rectangular bounds of an object occurrence (e.g., bounding box or image chip), but instead approaches efficient parts-based segmented recognition. It has been tested on commercial remote sensing satellite imagery and achieved success. Additionally, We have developed highly efficient monocular indoor depth estimation based on superpixel feature extraction. Furthermore, we have demonstrated state-of-theart weakly supervised object detection performance on two contemporary benchmark data sets, MS-COCO and VOC 2012. In the future, deep learning techniques based on superpixel-enabled image analysis can be further optimized in accuracy and computational performance; and it will also be interesting to evaluate in other research domains, such as those involving medical imagery, infrared imagery, or hyperspectral imagery.
Prospective evaluation of the fecal microbiome in dogs with large-cell lymphoma receiving chop chemotherapy
Authors:   , Couto Jason
Published: December 2021

The fecal microbiome composition has been associated with reduced efficacy of cancer therapy and adverse side effects in humans, and chemotherapy has been shown to alter the gut microbiome. The relationship between microbiota and chemotherapy efficacy and tolerability has not been investigated in dogs. We aimed to evaluate changes in fecal microbial diversity during a cycle of CHOP chemotherapy in dogs with lymphoma and whether these changes correlated with adverse events or treatment response. Eighteen dogs with lymphoma were prospectively enrolled, and stool samples were acquired weekly for 6 weeks during CHOP. Fecal samples was analyzed via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing as previously described. Treatment-associated differences in richness, alpha and beta diversity were determined through comparison to data from healthy controls (n = 26) using factorial ANOVA and PERMANOVA. Dogs with lymphoma had decreased fecal microbial diversity when compared with healthy controls at baseline and throughout treatment (p= 0.0002, 0.0003, 0.0001). Alpha and beta diversity did not significantly change in dogs throughout a cycle of CHOP chemotherapy (p = 0.520 and 0.995). Samples pre-treated with antibiotics were significantly less diverse (alpha and beta diversity) than untreated samples (p = 0.002, 0.0001 respectively). Dogs with lymphoma and fecal samples under the presence of antibiotics had higher levels of Escherchia species in their feces compared to normal dogs. The fecal microbiome of healthy dogs and dogs with lymphoma receiving CHOP is relatively stable over time, but dogs with lymphoma have reduced microbial diversity compared to healthy dogs before and during treatment. An increase in Proteobacteria abundance during treatment may be related to chemotherapy and/or antibiotic use.
Exploring cancel culture and the distrust of YouTube influencers
Authors:   , Nguyen Tiffany
Published: December 2021

YouTube is the third most visited website in the world after Google and Facebook, and the second most visited social media platform after Facebook (Khan, 2017). As over 90 percent of 18- to 24-year-old U.S. American internet users use YouTube (Chen, 2020), this study tackles how individuals between in this age group view their role within cancel culture, specifically on the YouTube platform. A qualitative approach, collecting data from 5 focus groups, allowed for points on cancel culture and the James Charles and Tati Westbrook case to surface. Findings showed that many participants don't believe that cancel culture is a beneficial aspect of the culture on the platform but believe that it can be necessary in some cases. Participants elaborated on their own experiences on YouTube, explaining their thoughts and beliefs as it came to cancel culture on the platform. This study attempts to fulfill a literature gap due to no clear prior research on cancel culture. The research focuses on the audience role and their effe on cancel culture in the YouTube space.
Effects of bovine pregnancy-associated glycoproteins on gene transcription in bovine endometrial explants
Authors:   , Schmelzle Amanda L.
Published: December 2021

Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are a complex gene family, whose members are expressed by trophoblasts of ruminants and related species. In cattle, the PAGs accumulate at the trophoblast-uterine interface and many can enter the maternal circulation. However, very little is known about the role they play in pregnancy although preliminary results suggest that PAGs at the placenta-uterine interface play roles involving matrix turnover and immune modulation. This study was designed to provide further insight into the biological roles of bovine PAGs by measuring changes in endometrial transcript abundance for some matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and chemokines/cytokines. PAGs for these experiments were purified from mid-gestation bovine placental extracts by affinity chromatography. Heifers were synchronized and bred by artificial insemination with high fertility semen (n = 14) or dead semen (n = 5). Heifers were slaughtered at day 18 post-insemination and the reproductive tracts were obtained and flushed to determine if a conceptus was present. Endometrial explants were collected and split between 4 groups: pregnant with and without 15 [mu]g/ml PAG (n = 10) and nonpregnant with and without 15 [mu]g/ml PAG (n = 9). Endometrial explants were cultured with or without added PAGs for up to 96 hours at 37 degreesC and 5 percent CO2 and samples were harvested at 24 hour intervals for extraction of RNA and fixation. This study focuses on the 48 and 72 hour collection points. Transcript abundance for target genes was analyzed in the endometrial tissue by quantitative PCR. The normalization control transcript was peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA). After 48 and 72 hours, significant increases in CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL5 as well as MMP1, MMP3 and MMP13 were measured in the PAG-treated endometrium from both pregnant and non-pregnant animals (P<0.05). CCL11 was upregulated at both time points in the pregnant endometrium but only after 72 hours in the nonpregnant endometrium. There were also significant decreases in message for CCL2, CCL8d CCL16 in the PAG-treated groups from both pregnant and non-pregnant animals at each time point (P<0.05). Significant decreases in CXCL10, CXCL12, and Regakine message were seen only in PAG-treated endometrium from pregnant animals (P<0.05). Structural differences in the luminal and glandular epithelium were seen in the PAG-treated biopsies from both non-pregnant and pregnant heifers. These results suggest that PAGs are capable of inducing structural changes as well as changes in transcript abundance in bovine endometrial explants, which suggests that this model system might be useful to assess PAG function at the placenta-uterine interface.
The impact of gender and traditional norm adherence on event-level alcohol outcomes
Authors:   , Warner Olivia M.
Published: December 2021

Men consume more alcohol than women, both globally and within the United States specifically, experience different patterns of social problems from drinking, and differ in their risk for developing alcohol use disorder (AUD). Research has explored whether these differences are attributable to a number of factors that differ between men and women, including biological differences, personality traits, mood, and drinking motives. Multiple studies (McCreary et al., 1999; Neve et al., 1997) have demonstrated that traditional gender norms may partially account for gender differences in drinking - with adherence to traditional masculine norms associated with increased alcohol consumption among men, and traditional feminine norms associated with lower consumption among women. The current study used an ecological momentary assessment (EMA; Shiffman, 2009) design to test an event-level model by which gender norms may influence drinking and alcohol-related problems. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that gender nms moderated both momentary mood and drinking motives.
Journeying from academically-underprepared to prepared : exploring developmental community college students' perceptions of developmental advising at a Carribean-based community college
Authors:   , Joseph Tricia
Published: December 2021

This study explored how developmental students enrolled at the TTIOO community college experienced the resident developmental advising service. Emphasis was placed on ascertaining how these students perceived the role of developmental advising in enabling them to develop self-regulated behaviors inclusive of goal-setting skills and academic self-efficacy. The study also explored the extent to which this service promoted increased levels of persistence. A qualitative phenomenological case study guided the research process. The data collection methods included phenomenological interviews that were conducted with six student participants; semi-structured interviews that were conducted with two developmental advisors employed at the TTIOO; and documentary analysis. The study's major limitations include: the majority of the data analysis revolved around the phenomenological interviews; the interviews were facilitated virtually; and the participant selection procesents demonstrating varied levels of academic performance, and both male and female genders. The last limitation is that only one developmental advisor was employed at the time of the study. The findings revealed that the major challenges the participants encountered was the shame and embarrassment of being labelled a developmental student, a sense of being burdensome, difficulty managing course requirements, and personal and financial factors. Secondly, lecturers had a more pronounced effect on the participants' goal setting-competencies and levels of academic self-efficacy. Although the participants were appreciative of the guidance and support provided by their developmental advisor, they believed that the intervention had a minimal impact on their persistence levels. Keywords: developmental advising, developmental students, academic self-efficacy, goal-setting, persistence
Dynamics of democracy aid allocation : from democratic donors to authoritarian regimes
Authors:   , Kwak Dongjin
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze democracy aid allocation mechanisms between Western donors and authoritarian regimes in recipient countries. The theoretical mechanism explains how strategic choices of donors and recipient countries based on their interests affect the composition of democracy aid. As a part of democracy promotion policy, Western donors have increased democracy aid after the end of the Cold War. They provide various types of democracy aid targeting the advancement of democratic institutions, practices, and norms in authoritarian regimes. I classify democracy aid into two types: regime-compatible democracy aid and regime-incompatible democracy aid based on authoritarian regimes' preference regarding democracy aid. Then, I discuss that donors' strategic choice based on security and/or economic interests changes the shape of democracy aid patterns. The empirical findings from the analyses of U.S. democracy aid toincreased regime-compatible democracy aid to their client states. Moreover, authoritarian regimes secure more regimecompatible democracy aid using their leverage over the U.S., when they have a higher political instability. The findings suggest that the strategic choices of donors and recipient countries affect decisions on types of democracy aid and shape the democracy aid allocation patterns.
Expanding social cognitive career theory : academic satisfaction of female students of color in STEM
Authors:   , Park Chan Jeong
Published: December 2021

Underrepresentation of women and students of color has been a longstanding issue in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Although the gender gap has narrowed in several STEM fields in recent years, female students, especially those of color, continue to face challenges in thriving in their chosen fields. The present study examined factors that contribute to these students' academic satisfaction, based on the satisfaction model of Social Cognitive Career Theory. Perceived discrimination and proactive personality were selected as an environmental obstacle and a person input in the model, respectively, as they were postulated to be especially relevant to these students. In addition, critical consciousness was included as an additional socio-cognitive variable. Data from 585 female college students of color (Mage = 21.42, SDage = 3.25; nBlack = 174, nLatina = 171, nAsian = 240) were collected through Qualtrics. Multigroup measurement invariance tests and multigroup sing were conducted to examine the racial/ethnic differences in constructs and their interrelationships. The findings showed that the three samples were equivalent at the scalar level and the proposed model fit the data from the three samples well. Significant racial/ethnic differences in several latent means and structural paths were observed. Theoretical, clinical, and institutional implications are discussed in light of the findings. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.
Description de deux nouvelles espèces de Collaria Provancher de Madagascar (Hemiptera, Miridae, Mirinae, Stenodemini)
Authors: Matocq Armand
Published: December 2021

Description of two new species of Collaria Provancher from Madagascar (Hemiptera, Miridae, Mirinae, Stenodemini). Collaria elsae n. sp. and C. sabinae n. sp. are described from Madagascar. Habitus and genitalia are illustrated in both sexes for C. sabinae n. sp., and only for the female, only sex known, for C. elsae n. sp. These two species, black in color, are separated from African species with a black habitus, by a set of external characters and by the genitalia. Collaria bourbonica Matocq, 2019, described and known only from Reunion, is reported from Madagascar and Grande Comores. A key to the Afro-tropical species of Collaria is given.
First record of Telenomus kolbei (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) in France, parasitizing the eggs of Nymphalis antiopa and Aglais io (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Authors: Kan Pieter , Shaw Mark R. , Kan-van Linburg Stirum Brigitte , Warot Sylvie , Groussier Géraldine
Published: December 2021

Telenomus kolbei is newly reported in France, parasitizing two new host species: Aglais io and Nymphalis antiopa. Oviposition by the parasitoid into eggs of both species was observed. Films were made, to which links are given. DNA sequences were obtained and deposited in Genbank.
New taxonomic and ecological data for Paraprisopus apterus, the smallest stick insect from French Guiana (Phasmatodea, Pseudophasmatidae, Paraprisopodini)
Authors: Jourdan Toni , Bellanger Yannick , Lelong Philippe , Penet Laurent
Published: December 2021

The egg and the adult female of Paraprisopus apterus Conle, Hennemann, Bellanger, Lelong, Jourdan & Valero, 2020, from French Guiana, are described here for the first time. Ant-mimicking morphology and behaviour of post-hatch Paraprisopus nymphs are reported and discussed.
Research of special abilities of future informatics teachers in the process of training to work with gifted children
Authors: Popov N. I. , Kozhurina A. V.
Published: December 2021

The article substantiates the relevance of improving the training of future informatics teachers to work with gifted children in accordance with the needs of society in the context of new educational standards. The analysis of the works of domestic and foreign authors devoted to research in the area under consideration is presented. A brief description of a special module “Work of an informatics teacher with gifted children”, developed by one of the authors of the article, is presented and included in the work program of the discipline “Methods of teaching informatics”. The comparative results of the input and output questionnaires of students are given, which make it possible to identify the level of knowledge of the psychological characteristics of children with high educational needs among future teachers, as well as the levels of subject and methodological readiness to work with this category of pupils. The results of the study of the personal qualities of the participants in the pedagogical experiment, obtained using test diagnostic techniques, are described. In the process of experimental work, the effectiveness of the combination within the framework of one course of psychological, subject and methodological components of training of a future informatics teacher for educational activities with gifted pupils has been substantiated. The results of the study may be of interest to teachers and methodologists of institutions of higher and secondary education, courses of advanced training for teachers.
Research of the applicability of machine learning methods for assessment of departments’ performance
Authors: Mukanova A. R. , Otsokov Sh. A.
Published: December 2021

Currently, a number of educational organizations in Russia and abroad, including the National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute” (MPEI), are introducing the European improvement model EFQM, designed to analyze and improve the educational, scientific and other activities of the departments. In accordance with this model, each university department is assigned a score equal to the sum of points for two groups of criteria: criteria from the group of opportunities and criteria from the group of results. To obtain such assessments, a commission consisting of external experts, EFQM assessors and university staff meets with heads of departments. Based on the results of the discussion of the results of the meetings, the commission determines the score and rating of the departments in accordance with the EFQM model.

The purpose of the work presented in the article is to study the possibility of using machine learning to simplify the work of experts in terms of obtaining estimates according to criteria from a group of results.

The article proposes a system for evaluating the activities of departments according to criteria from a group of results based on machine learning. A program in the Python programming language has been developed, which evaluates the activities of departments according to these criteria for each department of the MPEI. The program receives the initial data for such assessments from the monitoring system of key performance indicators implemented in MPEI.
Development of mathematical literacy in primary school using mathematical models and their animated illustrations
Authors: Knyazeva N. K. , Noskov M. V.
Published: December 2021

The article proposes a methodology for the formation of functional mathematical literacy of primary school students as a component of functional literacy. This methodology is based on mathematical models and their animation illustrations. Based on international research, it is shown that mathematical modeling is the most important universal action of a student in primary school. Examples of transformation of standard tasks for movement into tasks that are more close to reality are given, in solving which it is useful to use animation modeling, which involves the creation of children's animation for educational purposes. Animated videos illustrate the solution of non-standard mathematical problems, problems with unstructured, redundant or insufcient information. The activity of creating animation models allows students to increase the level of mathematical literacy, which is confrmed by the data of the pedagogical experiment.
Effect of Leafflower (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) treatment on kidney and uterus in sodium chloride -induced fibrotic rats
Authors: Pahmi Khairil , M. Sidratullah
Published: December 2021

Background. Phyllanthus niruri (local name : meniran) extract is utilized in treating kidney and uterus disease. Effects of ethanol extract of P. niruri on kidney and uterus of 2% NaCl triggered fibrotic rats had been studied.

Aim of Study. Aim of this study to explore the effect of leafflower (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) treatment on kidney and uterus in 2% NaCl - induced fibrotic rats.

Methods. Wistar rats were challenged with 2% NaCl in drinking water to induce fibrotic kidney and uterus. Phyllanthus niruri extract (200 mg/kg) was given orally for 4 weeks. Matrix extracellular abundance was determined by HE Staining and measured by METAVIR Fibrosis Score. The results of this study were assayed by SPSS 16.

Results. P. niruri extract was potent to reduce the matrix extracellular in 2% NaCl-induced rats compared to control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion. P. niruri extract was potent to decrease the matrix extracellular in the kidney and uterus of the rats.
The Efficacy and Safety of Plant Oil Mixtures in the Treatment of Xerosis with Pruritus in Elderly People: Randomized double blind Controlled Trial
Authors: Yulia Farida Yahya  , Vani Octyvani , Dimas Ega Wijaya Putra  , Cyntya Sari Sovianti  , Damai Trislinawati  , Tiar Marina  , Nur Riviati
Published: December 2021

A B S T R A C TBackground: Xerosis skin and pruritus is the most commonly found in elderly withsymptoms mild to severe recurrent pruritus, the skin looks rough, scaly, fissured orcracked caused defects in the epidermal barrier function, increase co-morbidity aschronic infections and ulcers that are difficult to heal can decrease the quality of life.Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) has been traditionally used for people in tropical regionas a moisturizer and anti-bacterial effect. In recent study that essential plant oilmixture have effect synergistically as anti inflammatory, anti pruritus, promotingwound healing may act promoting barrier skin and therapeutic. Objective: Efficacyand safety of plant oil mixtures as therapeutic and maintenance moisturizer.forXerosis and pruritus in elderly Method:A randomized controlled trial was involved61 elderly from nursing home and geriatric clinic in Moh. Hoesin General Hospital.They were randomized into 2 groups: plant oil mixtures (n=30) and Virgin Coconutoil (VCO) (n=31), applied on the volar legs twice a day for 4 weeks.Outcomes weremeasured at baseline and weekly, week 2 and 4.To measure of clinical dry scoreused ODSS; pruritus severity and side effect used VAS; for skin hydration usedcorneometer CM825and for sebum level used sebumeter SM 810. Results:Clinicaldry score, pruritus severity of plants oil mixtures group were significantly decreasedthan VCO at week 2 and 4 (p 0.000). Skin hydration and sebum level of plants oilmixture group were significantly increased than VCO at week 2 and 4 (p0.000).Clinical dry score, pruritus severity, skin hydration, andskin sebum levels ofplant oil mixtures were significantly better than VCO at week 4 (p 0.000). There isno side effects on both of plant oil mixtures and VCO groups Conclusion: Plant oilmixtures add pureCelin oil showed better efficacy as a therapeutin and maintanancemoisturizer for xerosis and pruritus in elderly. Both of plant oil mixtures and VCOcan be tolerated and safe to use.
Gendola Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fraction (Basella rubra Linn) Reduces Spermatozoa Motility and Viability in Vitro
Authors: Hayati Lusia , Joko Marwoto  , Septi Purnamasari  , Yuni Fitriayanti
Published: December 2021

A B S T R A C TBackground. The use of plants as anti-fertility in men has been done to reduce sideeffects. The Gendola plant is one of the Basellaceae family plants, which is a naturalmedicinal plant in Indonesia. Gendola leaves contain phenol compounds, flavonoids,tannins, steroids and triterpenoids which can have cytotoxic activity. This studyaims to determine the in vitro anti sperm activity of the ethyl acetate fraction ofGendola leaves on male spermatozoa. Methods. This study is an experimentallaboratory in vitro study using male sperm preparations. The sample used was 20men for each group, both the group was given the gondola leaf fraction and thecontrol group. The treatment group was given ethyl acetate fraction of Gendola leaves(Basella rubra Linn.) With a concentration of 0.05% for 5, 10 and 15 minutes, theviability and motility of sperm were calculated. Data analysis was performed usingthe Mann Whitney test (p <0.05) using SPSS release for Windows software. Results.The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction affected the motility and viabilityof spermatozoa. When compared with the control group, the motility treatment groupobtained was classified as non-progressive. In the treatment group, the viability ofspermatozoa was significantly different at minute 5, minute 10 and minuted 15 (p<0.05). Conclusion. Ethyl acetate fraction has potential as an anti sperm inreducing sperm motility and viability.
Potential of Sriwijaya Thermal Cycler Smart Controlling-Based as a Tool for DNA Sequence Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Adnindya Msy Rulan , Indri Seta Septadina  , Muhammad Reagan
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Along with the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for a thermal cyclerdevice for examining COVID-19 is getting bigger. Many laboratories have overusedthe use of thermal cyclers due to the limited availability of this tool. This study aimsto test the effectiveness of the Sriwijaya thermal cycler based on a smart controllerin conducting PCR DNA sequences. Methods. The research design was anexperimental study with a posttest control group approach, in order to see anoverview of the results of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the form ofintermediate DNA bands using Sriwijaya Thermal Cycler compared to groups usingfactory-made Thermal cyclers. Results. The PCR results showed precise results fromthe image and band separation, and there was a clear separation of the bands onthe marker. The PCR results from the ACE I / D gene showed quite good and optimalresults in the separation of the PCR results band. Conclusion. Sriwijaya thermalcycler is effective in DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequences comparable tothat of the manufacturer's Thermal Cycler.
The Effect of Ethynil Estradiol and Desogestrel on Proliferation and Apoptosis Hydatidiform Mole Trophoblast Cell
Authors: Sastradinata Irawan , Andrijono  , Mohamad Farid Aziz  , Wan Lelly H  , Sri Hartini  , Bambang Sutrisna
Published: December 2021

Background: To explore the effect of ethynil estradiol and desogestrel on proliferation and apoptosis hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell.

Methods:  From April 2008 until March 2009, we collected 15 samples of hydatidiform mole tissue. Trophoblast cells was isolated and culture at RPMI 20% FBS medium. Only 7 samples (46%) shown good growth. Cell was identified using cytology and β HCG test. Trophoblast cells good quality than devided into three groups observation. First group get ethynil estradiol 10 nmol/mL, second group get desogestrel 100 nmol/mL, Third group get DMSO 1%. Cells incubated and observe at 24, 48, 72, 96 hours. Cell cycle, apoptosis and β HCG was evaluated at each time observation. Cell cycle evaluation using BD cycle test plus DNA reagent, apoptosis evaluation using FITC-Annexin V. Analyze using FACSCalibur flowcytometer. β HCG evaluation using Abbott AxSym total β-HCG reagent pack.

Results:  The group of cell that get ethynil estradiol in concentration 10 nmol/mL had cell proliferation index, amount cells and β HCG level higher than control after 72 hours observation. The group of cell that get desogestrel in concentration 100 nmol/mL have cell proliferation index, amount cells and β HCG level lower than control after 48 hours observation. There are no differences of apoptosis between the two group and control.

Conclusion: Ethynil estradiol will increase proliferation of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell, while desogestrel will decrease proliferation of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell. There are no effect of ethynil estradiol and desogestrel on apoptosis of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell.
Surgical Site Infection Post Caesarean Section: A Case Report
Authors: Hartati  , Febi Stevi Aryani  , M Satria Erlangga Sinum  , Emasrissa Murwani
Published: December 2021

Background. Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major complication of surgery which can increase morbidity, mortality and cost of hospitality. Incidence of SSI at a healthcare provider/facility reflected a service quality of that institution.

Case presentation. A 28-years-old woman, a housewife, P2A1, post-caesarean section 12 days ago. Pasien datang dengan keluhan utama badan lemas dan terdapat nanah pada luka bekas operasi. Ia mengeluh perutnya terasa semakin panas, dan keluar cairan bening sebelum muncul nanah pada luka operasi. Pasien juga mengeluh demam, mual dan lemas akhir-akhir ini Laboratory investigations showed Hb 11,9 g/dL, Leukosit 11.100 m/L, trombosit 601.000.  MCV 70,7 fL MCH 24 pg MCHC 32 g/dL TIBC 392 mg/dL serum Iron 54 mg/dL  Ferritin 19,8 ng/mL, CRP reactive. Patient was wound dressing and given levofloxacin 500mg three times a day intravascular for three days and continue with ciprofloxacin three time a day oral. Patient was suggest to repeat laboratory test after therapy to evaluate therapy response.

Conclusion: The result showed that time of prophylactic antibiotics can used to minimize the occurrence of SSI in post-caesarean section patients.
Diagnostic Value of CT Angiography (CTA) in Carotid Cavernous Fistula (CCF) Patients Using the Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) as The Gold Standard: Observation in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya from January 2016 to July 2020
Authors: Amalia Laila , Hartono Yudi Sarastika  , Bambang Soeprijanto
Published: December 2021

Background: CT angiography (CTA) is the initial modality for diagnosing the Carotid Cavernous Fistula (CCF), identifying the type of CCF, measuring the diameter of the fistula and the diameter of the internal carotid artery (ICA) pre and post fistula, and then confirmed by Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) as the gold standard. CTA is expected to provide more information to improve the accuracy of CCF diagnosis to benefit therapy and prevent complications. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of CTA in CCF patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, using the DSA as a gold standard.

Methods: An observational retrospective study of CCF patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent CTA and DSA examinations at the Radiology Installation of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2016 to July 2020.

Results: In the comparison of types of CCF CTA to DSA, the direct group was 53.8% and 57.7%, respectively, while the indirect group was 46.1% and 42.3% with a very strong correlation (κ = 0.922; p = 0.000), sensitivity was 93.3%, specificity was 100 %, PPV of 100%, NPV of 91.7% and accuracy of 96.15%. Direct type evaluation on the DSA showed a large picture of the fistula diameter; the ICA pre fistula's size was enlarged; therefore, the ICA post fistula diameter was reduced or absent. There was a strong correlation of fistula diameter measurement results between CTA and DSA (r = 0.695, p = 0.006).

Conclusion: CTA has a similarity rate of 92.2% with DSA in identifying the type of CCF. The accuracy value of CTA is close to DSA in fistula diameter measurements.
Efficacy of Calcipotriol 0.005% Ointment for Uremic Xerosis with Pruritus in Chronic Kidney Diseases Undergoing Hemodialysis Patients: Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Widyastuti  , Yahya Yulia Farida , Suroso Adi Nugroho  , Soenarto Kartowigno  , M. Izazi Hari Purwoko  , Irsan Saleh
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Uremic xerosis with pruritus (UXP) is a chronic cutaneous complication among patients undergoing maintenance renal dialysis. Uremic xerosis level is directly related with pruritus severity or vice versa. Uremic xerosis with pruritus may lead to discomfort and negative psychological effect. The ethiopathogenesis still unknown, Most of treatments are empirical, and there is no effective and safe therapy. Emollient has not been effective enough to improve quality of life. There is some report about efficacy of topical vitamin D in xerosis and chronic pruritus.

Objective: We evaluate the efficacy of calcipotriol 0.005% ointment for uremic xerosis and uremic pruritus in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Material & methode: Sixty two patients with UXP were enrolled, randomized double blind study. Patients were divided to two group, calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group or placebo. In baseline, patients were instructed to apply twice daily for four weeks. We assesesment the efficacy and safety of calcipotriol 0.005% ointment and placebo after 2nd and 4th weeks treatment using overall dry skin score (ODSS), visual analog scale (VAS), corneometer and sebumeter. We also assessed adverse effect and tolerance this drugs using visual assessment scale.

Results: Overall dry skin score (ODSS) and visual analog scale (VAS) significantly decreased in calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group than in placebo group (p <0.05). Skin hydration level based on Corneometer score and skin surface lipid based on Sebumeter score was significantly increased in calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group than in placebo group (p <0.05). Cure rate and clinical improvement for calcipotriol 0.005% ointment group was significantly higher than placebo group. There was no adverse effect between two groups after treatment.

Conclusion: calcipotriol 0.005% ointment is effective than placebo and can be used as alternative or adjuctive treatment and safe and tolerance for UXP.
Role of Androgen on Physiological Function of Pilosebaceous Unit
Authors: Aryani Inda Astri , Cayadi Sidarta Antonius  , Suroso Adi Nugroho  , Nopriyati
Published: December 2021

The pilosebaceous unit is a sebaceous gland with hair follicles. One of the hormones that affects the pilosebaceous unit is androgen, a steroid hormone that plays an important role in the expression of the phenotype of men and women. Androgen consist of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone which are activated by androgen receptors. Androgen in the pilosebaceous unit affect sebum production and hair growth. Androgen receptors in the sebaceous glands are found on sebocytes and in hair follicles in the dermal papillae of hair follicles
Profile of Patients with Gaster Perforation at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta in The Period of January-December 2018
Authors: Zaini Imam Hafidh , Ida Bagus Budhi
Published: December 2021

Introduction: A gastric perforation is a form of hollow digestive organ perforation in which the entire thickness of the stomach wall is injured. Perforation of hollow organs can be suspected based upon the clinical picture, and the diagnosis becomes obvious through an image of free air on imaging performed.

Methods: Data of patient characteristics were observed retrospectively from medical records of patients diagnosed with gastric perforation between January and December 2018.

Results: Between January and December 2018, 45 patients with gastric perforation were identified, with data distributed by gender. There were 36 women (80%) and 9 men (20%) in the group. Based on the age group, 32 patients (71%) were distinguished by the age group over 40 years and 13 patients (29 %) under 40 years of age. When viewed from the location of the gastric perforations, it was found that 4 patients (9%) had a perforation in the antrum, 36 patients (80%) in the Prepylorus, and 5 patients (11.2%) in the major curvature. Data on analgesic use revealed 32 patients (71%) had a history of taking analgesics and 13 patients (29%) without a history of taking analgesics.

Conclusion: In 2018, the majority of gastric perforation patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital were female (80%), with the highest age group being over 40 years (71%) and the most gastric perforations occurring in the pylori (80%). The number of patients with gastric perforation who had previously used herbs and analgesics was higher (70%) than those who had not. Thus, the results of this retrospective study are consistent with previous research findings and can be used to continue research into the relationships (correlations) between the aforementioned variables.
Contamination of Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) Eggs in Raw Vegetables at Street Food Stalls and Restaurant in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang
Authors: Leo Medianto Faziqin  , Dalilah  , Dwi Handayani  , Chairil Anwar  , Susilawati
Published: December 2021

Background: Infection Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) is a disease that is a problem in the world, especially in areas with a tropical climate like Indonesia. This infection can be transmitted through consumption of raw vegetables contaminated with STH. This study aims to determine whether there is contamination of STH eggs in raw vegetables at street food stalls and restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang.

Methods: This research is a descriptive observational study. Samples in the form of fresh vegetables were collected from 18 street stalls and 14 restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang. Samples were examined using the sedimentation method and observed using a microscope.

Results: The results obtained 80 samples consisting of 30 cabbage, 18 basil, 30 cucumber, 1 lettuce, and 1 eggplant. Of the 80 samples, there were 20 (25%) positive samples contaminated with STH eggs consisting of 8 (10%) cabbage samples, 8 (10%) basil samples, 4 (5%) cucumber samples, and no STH contamination was found in lettuce. and eggplant. Of the 20 positive samples of STH contamination, 12 samples came from street vendors consisting of 5 (10.6%) cabbage samples, 6 (12.8%) basil samples, and 1 (2.1%) cucumber samples. While the other 8 samples came from restaurants consisting of 3 (9.1%) cabbage samples, 2 (6%) basil samples, and 3 (9.1%) cucumber samples. Found only eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides infertile decorticate in all samples consisting of 9 eggs on cabbage, 16 eggs on basil, and five eggs on cucumber.

Conclusion: There is contamination of eggs Soil Transmitted Helminths in raw vegetables in street food stalls and restaurants in Lorok Pakjo Village, Palembang.