bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
China-Russia-US Relations and Strategic Triangles
Authors: Graham Thomas
Published: November 2020

China, Russia, and the United States are the three most active geopolitical actors today. One central question is whether the three powers can replicate the American-Chinese-Soviet strategic triangle of the 1970s that refashioned the global geopolitical landscape. That earlier triangle emerged as a consequence of a U.S. policy decision to reestablish relations with China as part of a strategic design to enable the United States to exit the war in Vietnam “with honor,” restrain the Soviet Union’s burgeoning power, and stabilize East Asia. Through deft diplomacy, Washington advanced its goals, but the triangle endured for most of the 1970s because it also advanced Soviet and Chinese interests. Today, the return of great-power competition has sparked debate about the emergence of a new strategic triangle. One does not now exist, primarily because the United States is not interested in establishing a working link with Russia. Because Washington does not believe that Russia adds much to the challenge it faces from China alone, it is unwilling to do much to disrupt growing Russian-Chinese alignment. Whether a strategic triangle comes into being depends largely on Russia. It has to convince both Washington and Beijing that its policy choices can significantly shift the balance between the two now and in the future. Neither capital believes that now, largely because they doubt Moscow’s ability to revitalize the economy to generate the resources it needs to back up its great-power ambitions in the long run.
Extractive Text Summarization System for News Texts
Authors: Horasan Fahrettin , Bilen Burhan
Published: November 2020

In today's conditions, it is difficult to obtain information quickly and efficiently due to the size of the data. There are various text documents on the internet and a good extraction algorithm is essential to have the most relevant information from them. Long texts can be boring sometimes. So, readers are eager to get the main idea of the text or any useful information. For this reason, the importance of automatic summarization systems is understood. Text summarization systems can be considered as abstractive summarization or extractive summarization. While abstractive systems produce a summary with new sentences, extractive systems make a selection of sentences from the text used and combine them and present them as a summary. Creating a successful summarization algorithm increases in direct proportion to the success of applying text mining techniques. Text summary systems provide a summary of the text to the user by scoring words and sentences in the main text using various methods and combining high ranked sentences as a result of the process. In this context, many scoring methods have been used. In our study, news data sets are used. The algorithm used is based on extraction and has been evaluated using a task-independent method. After evaluation, the two highest scores taken are ROUGE-1 with 0.68 score and ROUGE-S with 0.54 score. Through all evaluation steps, Precision, Recall and F-Measure values are also specified to see the steps clearly.
Clinical and Immunologic Changes due to Subcutaneous Immunotherapy With Cat and Dog Extracts Using an Ultrarush Up-Dosing Phase: A Real-Life Study
Authors: Uriarte SA , Grönlund H , Wintersand A , Bronge J , Sastre j
Published: November 2020

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of and immunologic changes caused by subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in patients with allergy to cat and dog. Methods: The study population comprised patients with rhinitis and/or asthma and allergy to cat or dog from a previous safety study. All patients had specific IgE to cat and/or dog. The SCIT maintenance dose was administered using an infusion pump over a single 4-hour session, followed by monthly administration over 6 months. Data were gathered on clinical outcomes, pulmonary function, FeNO, rhinitis and asthma symptoms, quality of life (QOL), and scores for the Asthma Control Test and symptom visual analog scale were recorded at baseline and then at 1, 3, and 6 months. Specific IgE and IgG antibody responses to cat and dog allergens were determined. Results: The study population comprised 61 patients with a mean age of 35.6 (9.7) years, of whom 40 underwent SCIT for at allergy. A significant improvement was observed in rhinitis and asthma symptoms and in QOL, use of medication, visual analog scale score, and Asthma Control Test score at 1 month; these improvements persisted at month 6. The clinical improvement with cat extract was significantly more marked than with dog extract. Nearly half of the patients (49.09%) had an increase of >0.9 in the ESPRINT-15 QOL in allergic rhinitis questionnaire, and 58.18% had an increase of >0.5 in the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire score at month 6. Both differences represent the minimal clinical important difference. A significant increase was observed in specific IgG and IgE to different allergens at 3 and/or 6 months. Conclusions: Ultrarush SCIT with cat and dog extracts has substantial clinical value for many patients.
Child with diphtheria pertussis and tetanus induced afebrile seizures
Authors: Sonawane Vijay B. , Kotrashetti V. , Bainade Kapil , Nair Shweta , Gupta Samarth
Published: November 2020

Current childhood vaccines are safe and effective but diphtheria pertussis and tetanus vaccine (DPT) has been considered to be one of the most reactogenic. The adverse reactions after immunization with adsorbed DPT vaccine have been widely debated and publicized. The conventional whole cell pertussis vaccines expected to give certain minor and local reactions as it contains lipopolysaccharide and active pertussis toxin (PT). Reactions occurring after DPT vaccine have been described mostly to the pertussis component of the vaccine. Vaccination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole cell pertussis, DPT vaccine was associated with a risk of seizures and encephalopathy.
Prospective study on technique of graft fishing with anterior tucking in type 1 tympanoplasty and its hearing outcome
Authors: Patni Digant , Mishra Ankit , Patel Dinesh , Munjal Vishal R.
Published: November 2020

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is a common health problem in developing world and has a major impact on patient in the form of hearing loss. Temporalis fascia is commonest graft material used for tympanoplasty as it is readily available through same post aural incision. The study was conducted with an aim to find out the effectiveness of fishing technique and anterior tucking in terms of graft stability, graft uptake, hearing improvement and complications.

Methods: The present study is prospective study conducted on patients with complains of otorrhea and hearing loss, of age between 15 to 60 years, during the period January 2017 to June 2018. Patients with inactive mucosal COM and pure conductive hearing loss who underwent type-I tympanoplasty were included. Patients with cholesteatoma, ossicular pathology, trauma, mixed or sensorineural hearing loss, were excluded. Paired ‘t’ test was applied to compare preoperative and postoperative mean air-bone gap.

Results: In our study total 123 patients were analysed for the follow-up period of 6 months and it was observed that graft was well accepted in 93.5% patients while in 4.8% patients residual anterior perforation was found and in 1.7% patients the graft was completely rejected, showing an overall success rate at the end of 6 months follow-up to be 93.5%. There was a statistically significant improvement in hearing gain at the end of 6 months follow-up (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia graft using fishing and anterior tucking technique gave good dimensional stability to graft, preventing lateralization / medialization of graft. The superiorly based circumferential flap allowed for 360 degree placement of graft and anterior tucking, with overall high success rate and lower rate of complications and graft rejection.
Toka-chaff cutter cervical trauma in COVID-19 lockdown: case report
Authors: Munjal Manish , Rishi Porshia , Tuli Nitika , Sidhu Harjinder , Munjal Shubham , Dhillon Harnoor
Published: November 2020

Fodder cutter (toka) of both manual and powered type is among the commonest tool being used by people for the preparation of fodder for their cattle. Agricultural traumatic injuries can lead to serious disability and mortality. Out of the agricultural machinery related accidents the maximum occur with the chaff-cutters i.e. toka machines. An intriguing cervical trauma due to entanglement in agricultural implement while chopping fodder in a young individual is being reported, as there is no reference in global literature. Slightest mistake can lead to serious injuries with disastrous outcome.
Comparing anaesthetic effects of intrathecal 2- Chloroprocaine with or without fentanyl in ambulatory surgeries- A prospective and randomized control study
Authors: Nagar Anupama , Khandelwal Ravi , Goyal Pradeep Kumar , Pareek Shailendra , Bharti Dinesh Kumar
Published: November 2020

1% 2-Chloroprocaine could have been an ideal local anaesthetic for ambulatory procedures but it has been neglected in past years and even after re introduction with its preservative and antioxidant free form.

To compare the anaesthetic effect of intrathecal 2-Chloroprocaine with or without fentanyl in patients undergoing short duration lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries regarding hemodynamic parameters, mean duration of block, time to ambulation and side effects.

Anesthesia Department at Narayana Multispeciality Hospital, Jaipur.

Randomised, Comparative, Single Centre Study

A total of 120 patients,18-70 years, weight>50 kg and ASA grade I- II underwent elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries with expected duration <60 minutes were randomly allocated in two groups of 60 each to receive either 40mg 2- Chloroprocaine with saline or 25 µg fentanyl.

Chi-Square and Unpaired Student T- Test (p<0.05).

Spinal anesthesia was successful for all patients. Onset time of sensory and motor block, time to achieve peak block height and complete motor block was statistically insignificant (p<0.05). Time to complete sensory recovery was 105.87mins in fentanyl group and 69.17mins in saline group and time to compete motor recovery 80.13 mins in fentanyl group and 64.80 mins in saline group (p<0.001). Transient neurological symptoms were not found.

2-Chloroprocaine spinal anesthesia provides rapid onset, giving it a promising profile for ambulatory surgery. Addition of fentanyl lengthens regression to S2 and with minimal increase of motor block duration.
Comparison of two different maintenance dose of dexmedetomidine in monitored anesthesia care for surgical procedures under local anesthesia: A prospective and randomized study
Authors: Zaman Mohammed Yeasser Arafat , Pareek Shailendra Kumar , Jain Jyothi , Goyal Pradeep Kumar
Published: November 2020

Dexmedetomidine a novel αagonist is replacing the conventional sedative agents. Monitored Anesthesia Care has a gained lot of popularity in local surgery and high risk procedures. There is no dictum on use of standard fix maintenance dose of dexmedetomidine. The main objective and aim of our study was to find a better maintenance dose of Dexmedetomidine after a fixed loading dose with stable hemodynamic, good satisfaction scores, minimal side effects and less rescue drug consumption.

After ethical committee approval our randomized, prospective double blinded study a total 70 patients ASA I-III aged 18-65 years divided into two groups: both groups received a loading dose of 1 µg /kg over 10 minutes followed by group A receiving 0.2 µg/kg/hr and group B receiving 0.4 µ/kg/hr till end of surgery. Patient and surgeon satisfaction evaluated by Likert scale and sedation by Ramsay sedation score and vital parameters recorded.

The results were comparable in terms of mean blood pressure, heart rate, SpO, respiratory rate, pain scores and demographic data. Surgeon satisfaction was higher in group B with statistical significance(p<0.001) compared to group A. Mean sedation score at 30 minutes of infusion was 2.63±0.49 in group A and 3.00±0.00 in group B (p value<0.007).

Dexmedetomidine maintenance of 0.4 µg/kg/hr is equally safe and effective compared to 0.2 µg/kg/hr but former has better surgeon satisfaction with quicker achievable target sedation. Thus Dexmedetomidine 0.4 µg/kg/hr has a better edge for maintenance.
Ultrasound guided airway assessment- an observational study to correlate airway parameter to cormack-lehane grading of laryngoscopy
Authors: Halder Bivash , Kumar N Anil , Rajaram Narayanan , Rajkumar V Sharan , Krishna Harini
Published: November 2020

Securing airway is an important routine for any Anesthesiologist. Assessment of airway preoperatively is an essential part of predicting difficulty in airway management. Mallampati test (MP) is commonly applied during such preoperative assessments. However, Mallampati test is an indirect clinical sign in which thickness of the base of the tongue is assessed by whether it masks faucial pillar (palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches) or not. Though MP is an indirect assessment, this test is routinely applied because of ease of applying this test. This test however is not completely reliable in predicting difficulty in laryngoscopy and intubation and has high false-positive and false-negative outcome. The depth of floor of the mouth and thickness of tongue can be assessed to improve prediction of difficult airway. This depth can be measured by cheap and rapid test using ultrasonography.

In this study depth of the tissues in the floor of the mouth were measured by placing USG probe above hyoid bone in sagittal plane and measurement taken from skin to mucous membrane of tongue and attempted to establish any relationship between this thickness and difficulty in laryngoscopy as assessed by Cormack-Lehanne scoring.

60 ASA I & II patients undergoing elective surgeries under GA were assessed during the pre-anaesthetic evaluation and supra-hyoid USG depth in sagittal plane was measured and recorded. During laryngoscopy Cormack and Lehanne scoring was recorded for each of the subjects by 2 experienced anaesthesiologists who were blinded to the depth assessment.
A comparative evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of low doses of intrathecal neostigmine and bupivacaine with plain bupivacaine in lower limb surgery
Authors: Singh Anisha , Singh Rahil , Sood Nishant , Seth Anita , Gupta Lalit
Published: November 2020

Intrathecal neostigmine prolongs the duration of analgesia and also appropriate dose reduces the associated side effects. The present study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic efficacy, identify the optimum dose using 3 different doses of neostigmine in combination with bupivacaine in comparison with bupivacaine alone for the intra & postoperative period.

Eighty patients of ASA I & II undergoing lower limb surgery under spinal anaesthesia were enrolled and divided into 4 groups of 20 each. Group I: bupivacaine control group, Group II: Bupivacaine + 12.5 µgm Neostigmine, Group III: Bupivacaine +25 µgm Neostigmine, Group IV: Bupivacaine + 50µgm Neostigmine. Hemodynamic parameters, sensory and motor characteristics and adverse effects if any were noted. Pain was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) in postoperative period hourly for 12 hours & then at 24hours. Onset, duration and level of sensory block were recorded along with onset and duration of motor block.

Largest dose (50mgm) produced an increase in duration of analgesia by 16.60min (an increase of 20.10%) compared to control group. The 25mgm intrathecal neostigmine resulted in an increase of 7.20min (an increase by 8.25%).

The dose of 50mgm neostigmine in comparison with 25mgm dose significantly prolonged the duration of two segment regression, effective and complete analgesia, with no increase in the incidence of nausea and vomiting and hence 50mgm appears to be the optimum dose amongst the doses considered in our study for intrathecal administration in lower limb surgery.
Biochemical markers and haemodynamic changes of stress response after intubation with direct laryngoscopy versus video laryngoscopy versus fiberoptic intubation: A comparative study
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Rastogi Shivani , Yadav Sandeep K , Agarwal Anurag , Malviya Deepak
Published: November 2020

Laryngoscopy and intubation leads to stimulation of pharyngeal and tracheolaryngeal nociceptors resulting in haemodynamic stress response (HDSR). Stress response is regulated by two primary neuroendocrine systems- the hypothalamus pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) and sympathetic adrenomedullary (SAM) system. Salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) level can be used as an index of the SAM activity, and serum cortisol as an index of HPA activity. This study was aimed to compare three different intubation techniques namely Macintosh laryngoscope, Video laryngoscope and Fiberoptic bronchoscope to observe stress response.

This prospective, comparative and observational study was carried out at 120 patients undergoing various elective surgeries under general anaesthesia. Patients were allocated after randomization into three study groups- Group D (Direct laryngoscope), Group V (Video laryngoscope) and Group F (Fiberoptic bronchoscope) with 40 patients in each. Saliva and venous blood samples were collected before inducing the patients and 5-minutes after intubation. Blood pressure, heart rate and saturation were monitored at fixed intervals.

A significant difference was observed in the post-intubation values (p=0.0001) of salivary alpha amylase levels by direct laryngoscopy and fiberoptic laryngoscopy, while it was insignificant in video laryngoscopy (p=0.919). Post intubation cortisol level was significantly high in all three groups. However, on group comparison of mean differences of serum cortisol levels, a significant mean difference was seen between D vs V group (p=0.0001), and V vs F group (p=0.0001), while it was not significant in D vs F group (0.157). In addition, changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate, at 1- and 5-min post- intubation were least in group V.

Video laryngoscopy is a safe, and reliable technique. Moreover, it causes lesser stress response to patients in comparison to direct laryngoscopy and fiberoptic groups.
Epidural catheter catastrophe – Breakages during procedure and outcome in three cases
Authors: Nikhilesh Bokka , Vadhanan Prasanna , Balakrishnan Kiruthika
Published: November 2020

Epidural anaesthesia can be used independently as single shot or continuous infusions using catheters threaded in the epidural space. one of the most dreaded complications is catheter breakage while insertion or removal. This case report describes the epidural catheter breakage in three patients over the period of one year. Epidural catheter breakage can be due to knotted, kinked, looped, type of material used. Further any fragmented piece left with in patient due to breakage, being from asymptomatic to severe neurological complications. Few manufacturer guidelines or methods that can be followed to prevent the epidural catheter breakages are also described in this case report.
Entrevistar ¿para qué?: múltiples escuchas diversos cuadrantes
Authors: Ochoa Contreras Sarasuadi , Ramírez Rivera Bianca
Published: November 2020

Graciela De Garay Arellano y Jorge Eduardo Aceves Lozano (coords.), Entrevistar ¿para qué?: múltiples escuchas diversos cuadrantes, Ciudad de México: Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora, 2017.
Enfrentando dilemas: práctica de cesáreas en los últimos momentos del embarazo
Authors: Márquez Murrieta Alicia
Published: November 2020

El artículo busca aprehender las narraciones, experiencias y subjetividad de mujeres embarazadas que querían un parto fisiológico, el cual por diversas circunstancias terminó en cesárea. Mujeres mexicanas de clase media urbana, quienes también acudieron a un curso psicoprofiláctico. Interesa reflexionar sobre las decisiones y los dilemas que enfrentan en los últimos momentos del embarazo, los cuales modifican un curso de acción que habían deseado e imaginado y de qué manera les otorgan sentido. El proceso no se da en el vacío y sí en relación permanente con discursos normativos de diverso tipo, frente a los cuales las mujeres son capaces de navegar. Se trata de una primera aproximación a la temática, de corte cualitativo. El análisis a partir de las narrativas permitió aprehender la experiencia y la subjetividad que aparece en tonos crepusculares; también nos permite confirmar que algunas decisiones tomadas al inicio de los embarazos impactarán en lo que sucederá meses después.
Justicia de aguas y vínculos comunitarios (San Martín, Mendoza, Argentina), 1814-1859
Authors: Molina Eugenia
Published: November 2020

En este trabajo se indagan las prácticas y representaciones que regulaban la justicia de aguas en un territorio periférico de la provincia de Mendoza, durante y después de la revolución. La hipótesis sostiene que la espacialización política de este territorio ubicado al sureste de la campaña mendocina estuvo conectada con la propia dinámica de los lazos que pobladores y propietarios establecieron entre ellos más allá de la voluntad ordenadora de los gobiernos. Se aborda un territorio alejado del centro de poder porque se cree que es un observatorio especial para ver la relación entre proyectos de estatalidad y comportamientos de comunidades activas en la gestión de sus recursos y, por lo tanto, quizá más alerta respecto de intromisiones gubernamentales inéditas.
Contracultura e izquierda estudiantil. Festivales musicales y protesta encubierta en México: Avándaro y Monterrey, 1971
Authors: Moreno Elizondo José Rodrigo
Published: November 2020

En este artículo ofrezco una interpretación del proceso de articulación entre la práctica política de la izquierda y la contracultura en los festivales musicales mediante el impulso de la protesta encubierta, tomando ventaja del anonimato entre la multitud. Da cuenta de la tensa relación desarrollada entre ambos mundos por cerca de una década hasta converger coyunturalmente, luego de ser objeto de represión gubernamental en los espacios de audición musical abierta y masiva. La contracultura no era un campo ligado por antonomasia a la izquierda, pues era fuertemente disputado por el Estado y sus instituciones en aras de cooptarlo, así como por la izquierda anticapitalista. Analiza los factores que llevaron a dicha convergencia, pero también a su distanciamiento final, derivado de las tensiones inherentes a la masificación de la contracultura, el cultivo despolitizador y mediatizador por parte del gobierno, y el descrédito público.
Porfirio Díaz se va de gira. Propaganda, producción y circulación fotográfica en el ocaso del régimen: Guanajuato en 1903
Authors: Martínez Delgado Gerardo , Almazán Manuel
Published: November 2020

En octubre de 1903 el presidente Porfirio Díaz visitó la ciudad de Guanajuato e inauguró algunos monumentos y obras públicas. No fue un evento más. Muchos fotógrafos estuvieron presentes para cubrir sus pasos, algunos eran simples aficionados y otros eran profesionales técnicamente equipados y altamente capacitados. En primera instancia, este artículo rescata y cruza los testimonios fotográficos para abonar al entendimiento de procesos importantes en la historia de la fotografía en México, en particular el de su reproducción en la prensa con largos tirajes, alcance y profesionalización. Más allá, a través de un análisis en el que la imagen es protagonista, las fotografías de prensa ayudan a develar las estrategias de promoción política puestas en juego en el ocaso del régimen de Díaz.
Hombres, servicios y género: experiencias y representaciones del trabajo en el sector hotelero (Mar del Plata, 1960-1990)
Authors: Garazi Débora
Published: November 2020

A partir del análisis del trabajo en el sector hotelero en la ciudad de Mar del Plata (Argentina) entre 1960 y 1990, el presente artículo se propone abordar, desde una perspectiva de género, las características que adquirió la participación de varones en el sector de los servicios. Puntualmente focalizamos en los trabajadores que se han desempeñado en la conserjería y recepción de hotel, indagando en las representaciones en torno a este trabajo presentes en diferentes tipos de discursos: manuales de hotelería, convenios colectivos de trabajo, sentencias judiciales de los tribunales laborales y en relatos de vida de entrevistados. El objetivo es reconstruir y tensionar los sentidos y significa-dos que tanto los trabajadores como otros actores sociales le atribuían a dicho trabajo y, por lo tanto, a quienes lo desarrollaban.
¡Por la democracia y libertad de Guatemala! Exiliados del ubiquismo en la frontera sur de México (1934-1938)
Authors: Monterrosa Cubías Luis Gerardo
Published: November 2020

En el presente artículo se examina la actividad de dos exiliados del régimen presidido por Jorge Ubico (1931-1944) en México durante el cardenismo y la reacción de ambos gobiernos para dilucidar por qué, pese a la intención del gobierno mexicano de mantenerse al margen de los asuntos políticos guatemaltecos, Miguel García Granados y Clemente Marroquín Rojas rondaron la frontera sur de México y encendieron las alarmas del oficialismo. A través de una indagación en los archivos de Guatemala y México, incluyendo Chiapas, el estudio del exilio guatemalteco adquiere matices renovados, insertándolo en la frontera sur y mostrando las redes de apoyo que los desterrados forjaron con los disidentes del cardenismo.
Analytical Modeling of Solar Cells
Authors: Rasheed Mohammed , SHIHAB Suha
Published: November 2020

In the present work, a modified method is utilized to find the real roots of nonlinear equations of a single-diode PV cell by combining the modified Aitken's extrapolation method (MAEM), Aitken's extrapolation method (AEM) and the Newton-Raphson method (NRM), describing, and comparing them. The extrapolation method (MAEM) and (AEM) in the form of Aitken –acceleration is applied for improvement the convergence of the iterative method (Newton-Raphson) technique. Using a new improve to Aitken technique on (NRM) enables one to obtain efficiently the numerical solution of the single-diode solar cell nonlinear equation. The speed of the proposed method is compared with two other methods by means of various values of load resistance (R) in the range between R ∈ [1, 5] and with the given voltage of the cell  as an initial value in ambient temperature. The results showed that the proposed method (MAEM) is faster than the other methods (AEM and NRM).
BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VARIOUS METHODS OF ACCIDENTAL WOUND DRAINAGE
Authors:   FSBEI HE Khakass state university named after N. F. Katanov, Bezruk Е. L.
Published: November 2020

The article presents data on the bacteriological control of the effectiveness of various methods of draining fresh accidental wounds with a wide area of damage in different species of animals: semipermeable membranes and tubular perforated drains. Semi-permeable cellulose membranes (experimental group) were inserted into the wound of animals with absolute indications for drainage at the final stage of surgical treatment.These membranes were filled with a hyperosmolar dialysis solution containing antibacterial preparations. The comparison group used the introduction of antiseptics through perforated tubular drains. In order to study the quantitative and qualitative composition of microflora in the wound process, bacteriological studies of swabbings from the wound surface and from the wound canal were performed on 1-3-7-9 days. As the result, it was established that the degree of tissue contamination depends on the duration of surgical debridement ,type and conditions of animals. The study of quantitative composition of micro flora in 1 g of tissues, in farm animals, with accidental wounds was up to 105 . The appliance of wound dialysis gave rapid destruction of associations of 2 and 3 types of microorganisms, in contrast to the control group of animals. The effect of applying membrane dialysis devices, in case of accidental wounds, allows to achieve positive results for 3-4 days. Bacteriological studies confirm the high antibacterial activity of dialysate, which was provided by the introduction of antibiotics and antiseptics into its composition. The introduction of antibiotics and antiseptics into the membrane drainage cavity once a day in the amount of a single therapeutic dose, allows for 7.1±1.3 days (P>0.001) to suppress the microflora in the wound. Higher antiseptic effectiveness of dialysates from semipermeable membranes is connected with their ability to create a constant high concentration of antibacterial substances in the wound focus. The mechanism of therapeutic effect is in a gradual and constant flow of antiseptics into the paravulnar tissues, by diffusion. This improves the conditions for the development of the body’s own phylactic power against infection and raises regenerative processes in the wound.
MICROBIAL LANDSCAPE IN COWS MASTITIS
Authors:   FPFIS Branch of the Institute of bio-organic chemistry named after M. M. Shemyakin, Rudenko P. А. , Rudenko А. А. ,   FSBEI HE Moscow state university of food production, Vatnikov Y. А. ,   FSBEI HE Moscow state university of food production
Published: November 2020

Despite the subdivision of livestock farms in the process of agricultural reform, obstetric and gynecological diseases in farm animals, including mastitis, remain key problem for veterinary medicine specialists. Studies on the bacterial etiology of mastitis in cows were conducted in 12 farms in the Moscow region with a population of 12254 cattle, including 4445 cows. When studying microbiocenoses during mastitis in cows on farms in the Moscow region, it was found that the microbial landscape of cow udder secretions in mastitis is very diverse and heterogeneous. Thus, 486 pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were isolated from 103 cows with mastitis, which were referred to 11 species. More often, during mastitis in cows, representatives of Streptococcus SP. p., Staphylococcus sp. p., Lactobacillus sp. p. and Escherichia sp. p. were isolated from udder secretions. – 25,7 %; 20,8 %; 18,3 % and 9.6 %, respectively. It was established that mastitis in cows is caused not by a single pathogen, but by microbial associations, which include from 2 to 7 isolates. When serotyping E. coli cultures, it was established that from the milk of cows with mastitis, O8 and O18 were most often isolated by 7 (15.2 %), O78 – 6 (13.1 %), and O101 and O126 by 5 (10.9 %) cases out of the total number of isolated serotypes. Of the udder secretions of cows with mastitis, 37 (80.4 %) isolates from the total number of Escherichia coli also had hemolysin-producing properties. In the milk of cows with mastitis, the highest concentration contains representatives of the species Staphylococcus sp. p.; Escherichia sp. p.; Pseudomonas sp. p. and Streptococcus sp. p., respectively, 5.67±0.08 lg; 4.37±0.32 lg; 4.24±0.20 lg and 4.13±0.15 lg. Fungi of Candida species varied at the level of 102 CFU. More often, pathogenic properties were found in cultures of S. aureus 48 (27.7 %), E. coli 22 (12.7 %), S. uberis 18 (10.3 %) and S. dysgalactiae 17 (9.8 %) of the total number of pathogenic isolates for white mice. Of the 11 isolated cultures of Candida fungi, 5 (2.9 %) isolates were pathogenic. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed in enrofloxacin, cephalexin, norfloxacin, cobactan and ofloxacin. The number of microbial isolates sensitive to these antimicrobial agents was 466 (98,1 %); 455 (95,8 %); 440 (92,6 %); 438 (92,2 %) and 432 (90.9 %). The most effective antimycotic agent was intraconazole, which showed activity to all 11 (100.0 %) isolated fungi.
DEPENDENCE OF YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES ON VARIOUS WEATHER CONDITIONS IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA FOREST STEPPE
Authors:   Povolzhsky research Institute of breeding and seed production named after P. N. Konstantinov-branch of the Federal state budgetary institution of science of the Samara Federal research center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Maslova G.Y. , Abdryaev M.R. ,   Povolzhsky research Institute of breeding and seed production named after P. N. Konstantinov-branch of the Federal state budgetary institution of science of the Samara Federal research center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sharapov I.I. ,   Povolzhsky research Institute of breeding and seed production named after P. N. Konstantinov-branch of the Federal state budgetary institution of science of the Samara Federal research center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2020

The main biotic factors determining the level of productivity potential of winter soft wheat in the Samara region are the amount of rainfalls before seeding and during the vegetation period, as well as the optimal temperature regime. The aim of the research was to evaluate winter soft wheat varieties at the final stage of the selection process (competitive variety testing) in different weather conditions. The research was conducted in Povolzhye SRISB-branch of SamRC RAS in 2016-2019. Winter soft wheat varieties were selected as research objects: Volga 86, Povolzhskaya Niva (included in the State register of selection achievements), Povolzhskaya Nadezhda (undergoing variety testing since 2019), as well as Erythrospermum 3730 and Erythrospermum 3765 varieties that have been distinguished over the years of research. Varieties were seeded on autumn fallow in four-fold repetition with a registered plot area of 25 m2. Meteorological conditions for 2016-2019 were analyzed, and their impact on the productivity and quality of grain of winter wheat varieties selected by Povolzhye SRISB was determined. Raindrop of the warm period (April-July)had a significant impact on the yield. The growth season of 2019 was characterized by less favorable weather conditions (the amount of raindrops to the norm – 65.3 %). The most adapted to the stress factors of the environment were varieties of local selection. In this regard, it is necessary to introduce varieties that are resistant to stress factors of the Middle Volga region, capable of producing stable grain yields with the use of mineral fertilizers.
ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE SEMIEMERIC MODEL OF SOIL FOR DETERMINING ITS WATER CONTENT
Authors:   Azerbaijan National Aerospace Agency, Institute of ecology, Kazimova F. Т.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to modeling the process of determining the water content of the soil. Monitoring of soil water content can be conducted using various contact methods, including gravimetric, electromagnetic, thermal, and other methods. The most promising method is considered to be hyperspectral, where the measuring signal is dependent on the color of the soil and its texture, as well as on the content of organic substances in it. In General, remote sensing methods with higher resolution rates both in time and in space allow us to achieve high efficiency in solving this issue. The proposed method of calibration of a known model uses as a starting position a known model relationship between the percentage of water content of the soil and quantity of reflected signal, averaged over all types of soil. Analysis of the well-known method of the inverse semiempirical model of the reflection signal showed that for the accurate realization of this method, used semiempirical model itself must be pre-calibrated. It is shown that an exponential generalized model developed on the basis of data from the XS1 SPOT channel can be used for preliminary calibration of the semiempirical model. Expressions are obtained for performing preliminary calibration of the semiempirical model and thus eliminating the error of measurement of the “miss” type when realizing this method using the inverse semiempirical reflection model. Despite the use of different wavelength ranges, obtaining the same mathematical expressions of the two models under consideration allows to make preliminary calibration of the semiempirical model used to determine the water content of the soil.
LONGITUDINAL DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PEA DISEASES IN TRANS-URALS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Kurgan SAA named after Т.S. Maltsev, Postovalov А.А. , Sukhanova S.F. ,   FSBEI HE Kurgan SAA named after Т.S. Maltsev
Published: November 2020

In the article data on distribution dynamics and pea disease development in Transurals is given. The researches extablished that in region conditions the following diseases of fungus ethiology are most common: fusariosis (form of appearance, root rot and wilt-agents are fungi of Fusarium species, dark spotty ascochytosis – agent is – A. pinodes L.K. Jones and rust – agent is Uromyces pisi (Pers.) de Ваrу. Correlation dependence is established between disease development on pea and weather conditions is established. So, middle straight correlation dependence between development of root rot and HTI growthseason is registered – r=0,53±0,38, inverse tight correlation relationship between development of fusariosis and HTI, development of fusariosis and rainfall during growth season – correlation factor was consequently -0,98±0,08 and -0,98±0,07. Development of ascochytosis and rust to a great extent depended on rainfalls in May-August- correlation coefficient was from 0,76±0,29 to 0,83±0,25. Discovered characteristics of structure formation of pathogen complex and development of infectious diseases, allow to develop differentiated approach to the ways of phytosanitary control of pea agrophytocenosis
CORRECTION OF REDOX HOMEOSTASIS OF HEPATOCYTES IN COMORBIDITY OF BABESIOSIS AND DIROFILARIOSIS IN DOGS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Don state agrarian university, Usahkova Т. М. , Derezina Т. N. ,   FSBEI HE Don state technical university
Published: November 2020

It is proved that in hepatopathies of any etiology, there is a decrease in the activity of the antioxidant potential of the body, which leads to a disorder of redox homeostasis of hepatocytes, and can be considered as an independent syndrome. In dogs with comorbidity of babesiosis and dirofilariasis, redox homeostasis disorder was accompanied by the development of hyperproteinemia (total protein -77,82±1,15 g/l) and hypoglycemia (glucose- 2,90±0,25 mmol/l), disorder of the catalytic activity of serum enzymes (AAT - 108,90±1,03 unit/l; AAT - 74,63±2,20 unit/l; alkaline phosphatase - 105,75±6,10 unit/l; amylase - 1815,6062,20 unit/l; cholinesterase - 221,302,30 mmol/l), a decrease in antioxidant protection (vitamin А – 0,01±0,001 mcM/ml), in addition, the involvement of the hepatorenal system in the pathological process of sick animals was registered (creatinine - 127,90±1,42 mmol/l; urea - 14,60±0,38 mmol/l). After pharmacological correction was revealed normalization of indicators of protein (total protein - 62,55±0,80 g/l), carbohydrate (glucose - 5,10±0,30 mmol/l) and lipid (cholesterol - 5,30±1,65 mmol/l) metabolism, optimization of nitrogen metabolism (creatinine - 84,56±1,20 mmol/l; urea - 5,09±1,62 mmol/l), indicators of the blood enzyme system (AAT - 53,58±1,31 unit/l; AAt - 30,29±1,83 unt/l; alkaline phosphatase - 83,9±1,01 unit/l; amylase - 1489,4659,43 unit/l; cholinesterase - 345,961,50 mmol/l) and the body's antioxidant potential (vitamin А – 0,03±0,001 mcM/ml) in dogs of the experimental group, which was due to the pathogenetically adequate use of L-glutathione and heptral in the scheme of complex pharmacocorrection of oxidative stress in comorbidity of babesiosis and dirofilariasis.
INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZER DOSES, TERMS AND PLANTING SCHEMES ON THE YIELD OF SEED AND FOOD POTATOES OF NEW VARIETIES ZABAVA AND SMOLYANOCHKA
Authors:   Federal state budgetary scientific institution Federal scientific center of fiber crops, Chekhalkova L. К. , Konova А. М. ,   Federal state budgetary scientific institution Federal scientific center of fiber crops, Gavrilova А.Yu. ,   Federal state budgetary scientific institution Federal scientific center of fiber crops
Published: November 2020

The article presents data on the study of influence of planting dates, planting schemes and doses of mineral fertilizers on the formation of yield of seed and product fractions of potato varieties of Smolensk selection Zabava and Smolyanochka. he research was carried out on the basis of FSBSI FSC LK (former FSBSI Smolensk GOSHOZ) on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil. Observations of the growth and development of potato plants in the studied varieties showed that the maximum number of stems was observed with the placement scheme of 70x25 cm against the background of mineral fertilizers N60P72K90. For the Zabava variety, the optimal planting time was May, 8, for the Smolyanochka variety-May, 14. In General, the Zabava variety had a higher stem-forming ability. The maximum yield of both varieties was obtained on a mineral ground N60Р72К90. The highest yield of tubers of seed fraction was noted at 70x25cm scheme and the planting date of May, 14. The maximum yield of food potatoes in the Zabava variety was obtained when the planting date was May, 8, and in the Smolyanochka variety-May, 14. It was established that the variety Zabava, regardless of plantig time, was affected by tubers with scab and foot rot. In the Smolyanochka variety, only scab was observed from diseases.
INHERITANCE OF THE "MASS OF 1000 GRAINS" PROPERTIES OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT IN DIALLEL CROSSES
Authors:   Samara ARI – branch of SamSC RAS, Menibaev А. I. , Zueva А. А. ,   Samara ARI – branch of SamSC RAS, Shevchenko S. N. ,   SamRC RAS
Published: November 2020

Weight of 1000 grains - one of the component characteristics of yield is included in the group of main characteristics that are used for wheat breeding. In addition, the weight of the grain along with its performance is a sign of grain quality, largely determining its milling properties. The aim of the research is to determine the inheritance of a trait in the system of diallel crosses. The research was performed on the experimental field of the Samara research Institute in 2016-2018. The following varieties from the Ekada program were studied: Arhat, Estivum 1079, Estivum 1311, Omskaya 36, Ekada 148, Ekada 113, and Ekada 204. The varieties selected for the study were characterized by stable yield and significant differences in the studied feature-the mass of 1000 grains. Sowing was carried out manually on single-row plots 1 meter long with rows of 20 centimeters of 20 grains, rendomized blocks in three-fold repetition. Phenological observations were noted for the phases of development: tillering, earing and maturation. The results were analyzed using the B. I. Hayman method. As a result, the following genetic and statistical effects were revealed: 1) the functioning of epistatic interactions based on the genetic systems of Arhat and Ekada148 varieties; 2) directed dominance, dominant genes increase feature values ; 3) dominant and recessive alleles are distributed asymmetrically across varieties, with the predominance of dominant alleles in the population as a whole; 4)interaction in locuses between alleles occurs with the demontration of superdominant effects; 5) the additive component was significant in all environments, which implies good heritability of the trait; 6) varieties Estivum 1079 and Ekada 204 carry the maximum number of dominant alleles in all environments and are donors of dominant alleles that increase the trait.
Steam reforming of methanol over Cd-(Zn)/TiO2 and Cu-(Zn)/TiO2 catalysts in a microchannel reactor
Authors: Andreev D. V. , Sergeev E. E.
Published: November 2020

Novel catalysts with the composition Cd-(Zn)/TiO2 and Cu-(Zn)/TiO2 containing nanodispersed titanium(IV) oxide were synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and temperature-programmed reduction in hydrogen. Activity of the synthesized catalysts toward steam reforming of methanol was studied in a microchannel reactor. The highest activity was observed for the Cd-containing catalysts; in addition, they showed the lowest selectivity to carbon monoxide. The catalytic and physicochemical properties of the tested catalysts were compared. A correlation was found between activity of the catalysts and their ability to partial hydrogen reduction of Ti4+ cations to Ti3+ in the TiO2 support. Supposedly, the ability to reduce titanium cations depends on semiconductor properties of the oxides in the catalyst.
SAÚDE MENTAL DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Gundim Vivian Andrade , Encarnação Jhonatta Pereira da , Santos Flávia Costa , Santos Josenaide Engracia dos , Vasconcellos Erika Antunes , Souza Rozemere Cardoso de
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: identificar as evidências disponíveis sobre formas de apresentação do sofrimento psíquico e ações de proteção e promoção da saúde mental em estudantes universitários, durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada por etapas: elaboração da pergunta norteadora; estabelecimento de critérios de inclusão e exclusão; definição das informações a serem extraídas; análise crítica dos estudos e dos resultados; apresentação da revisão relacionada ao impacto da pandemia aos estudantes e às ações de proteção e promoção da saúde mental. Resultados: dentre os 7 artigos investigados, publicados em 2020, observaram-se reações emocionais descritas por estresse, ansiedade, luto, raiva e pânico, associadas à preocupação com o atraso das atividades acadêmicas e ao medo de adoecer. Conclusão: é possível afirmar que a pandemia e os aspectos relacionados a ela interferem na vida acadêmica e na saúde dos estudantes e de seus familiares, causando efeitos negativos à sua saúde mental.

Descritores: Estudantes. Estresse psicológico. Coronavírus.
Comparison of Cox’s Regression Model and Weibull’ Parametric Model in Evaluating Factors Affecting in First Recurrence of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Deldar Maryam , Anbiaee Robab , Jalilian Anahita , Sayehmiri Kourosh , Azimi Shima
Published: November 2020

Ovarian cancer is one of the most deadly women's gynecological malignancies in the world, and despite the low prevalence, it accounts for about 5% of all cancer deaths in women. Survival analysis is a regression relationship between a set of variables with a specific outcome, which is considered disease survival or recurrence in medical studies. The aim of this study is to determine the important factors in the first recurrence of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer with two statistics methods. In this study, we review medical records of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who referred to the oncology and radiotherapy department of Imam Hossein Hospital of Tehran from the beginning of 2007 to the end of 2018. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression, as well as the parametric Weibull method, were used to investigate the factors affecting patients' first recurrence. We perform all calculations with Stata Ver14. Of the 141 patients, 58 patients (41%) had a first recurrence during our follow-up. The mean time to the first recurrence was 24.88 months. Univariate Cox regression and univariate Weibull analysis showed that metastatic tumor and tumor stage had highly significant effects in the first recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer. In multivariate Cox and multivariate Weibull analysis, the metastatic tumor had a significant effect in the first recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer. One of the causes of ovarian cancer recurrence may be diagnosis happened at late stages. Therefore, screening programs are needed to reduce illness and death from ovarian cancer.