bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification Of Comparisonal Advantages Of The Agricultural Sector In Lampung Central District
Authors: Ardianto Riky , Zebua Damara Dinda Nirmalasari
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative advantage of the agricultural sector in Central Lampung Regency. This study uses secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and other relevant agencies. The analysis technique used is Location Quotient (LQ), Klassen Typology, and Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ). The LQ results show that the sub-sector, food crops, horticulture, and livestock are the basic sub-sectors, while the plantation and fisheries sub-sectors are non-basic sub-sectors in Central Lampung Regency in 2014-2017. The results of the DLQ show that the plantation sub-sector will be repositioned to become a basic sub-sector in the future. The sub-sectors that did not experience repositioning or shifting were the food crops, horticulture and livestock sub-sectors, where the three sub-sectors became the basic sub-sectors and will remain the basic sub-sectors in the future. The fisheries sub-sector has also not experienced a repositioning where the sub-sector will remain a non-basic sub-sector in the future. The results of Klassen's Typology Analysis show that the horticulture and livestock sub-sector is a developed and rapidly growing sub-sector, the plantation sub-sector is an advanced but depressed sub-sector, the food crops sub-sector is a potential sub-sector, and the fisheries sub-sector is a relatively lagging sub-sector. The sub-sector that has a comparative advantage in Central Lampung Regency is the horticulture and livestock sub-sector because this sub-sector is an advanced and fast-growing sub-sector.
KEPUTUSAN DAN PREFERENSI KONSUMEN : PINANG KERING IRIS DI PERBATASAN (StudiKasus: Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara)
Authors: Jemai Yoseph Daniel , Sipayung Boanerges Putra , Nubatonis Agustinus , Joka Umbu , Septiadi Dudi
Published: September 2022

Betel nut consumption in North Central Timor Regency lasted a long time and continues to grow to this day. The study aims to determine the factors that influence consumer decisions and consumption preferences of iris dried betel nut in north Central Timor border communities. This research was conducted in January-February 2022.The data analysis method used is qualitative descriptive and logistic regression analysis. The variables of age, sex, habits, taste, and texture together affect the consumption preferences of iris dried betel nut. The age and texture of the iris dried betel nut significantly affect the decision of the people of East Miomaffo Subdistrict in consuming slice dry betel nut. Texture becomes the preference of consumers to choose the dried betel nut of the iris consumed.
Low-Cost Synthesis of Zsm-5 Zeolite Using Organic Silica from Rice Husk Agro Waste
Authors: Priyadi Priyadi , Kurniawati Nurleni , Prawestiana Vera
Published: September 2022

Rice husk is an agricultural waste that has the potential source of silica in low-cost zeolite synthesis. The objectives of this study were 1) silica extraction of rice husks as synthetic zeolite raw materials, 2) synthesis and characterized ZSM-5 zeolite from rice husks silica. Silica extraction was carried out by soaking rice husks using a heated 15% NaOH solution. Furthermore, 10% HNO3 solution was added to pH 7 for 12 hours. The filtrate dried in an oven for 12 hours at 100oC. Analysis of silica composition using XRF, crystallinity using XRD, and SEM for morphology. The results showed that rice husks were successfully extracted with an alkali addition and used as a source of silica in the synthesized of ZSM-5 zeolite. The zeolite synthesis was carried out with a low temperature of 90oC and a structural directing agent decrease. Zeolite ZSM-5 showed that the level of crystallinity and morphology by the standard ZSM-5 zeolite. Decreasing of the structural directing agent was found at the SDA/Si ratio of 0.045.
Bengkulu Coffee Production Development
Authors: Tawakal Anzori , Zulfiandry Ricky , Sumartono Eko , Sachanovrissa Silke
Published: September 2022

As an agricultural community, in general, Bengkulu province has gardening. The largest plantations for the community are oil palm, rubber and coffee commodities. People depend their lives on abundant natural potentials but have not been able to manage them properly to stimulate added value. All potentials are still managed traditionally so that productivity is very low. The province of Bengkulu is the 3rd largest national coffee producer, but so far Bengkulu coffee is sold through Lampung and Palembang so it is not known outside. The problems are: The low income and welfare of the coffee farmers in Bengkulu province; The promotion and branding of Bengkulu coffee has not been recognized either nationally or internationally. The intention of compiling the Bengkulu coffee development master plan. One of the activities carried out is conducting research or mapping potential and mapping policy directions in the field of coffee development in Bengkulu Province. The aim of compiling the Bengkulu coffee development master plan a) Increasing the income of coffee farmers in Bengkulu province, b) Increasing the promotion and branding of Bengkulu Coffee at the national and international levels c) Increasing the knowledge of farmers and field officers towards coffee cultivation technology farmers: d) Increasing the role and function of farmer institutions in plantation areas coffee; e) Preparing technological innovations to increase coffee production and quality; The scope of activities is focused on coffee development in the Bengkulu area from upstream, production, downstream and provincial, district / city governments as well as Stake Holders / stakeholders.
Increased Production Of True Shallot Seed With Applications Of Paclobutrazol And Salicylic Acid On Drought Conditions
Authors: Cahyani Nisrina Ayu , Hasanah Yaya , Sarifuddin Sarifuddin
Published: September 2022

Onion red is wrong one commodity horticulture which includes plant vegetable and usually used for spice. Increase Request onion red cause needed cultivation plant onion red on condition stress drought for reach production highest . Study this aim for knowing type and dose as well as combination paclobutrazol and sour salicylate on condition stress drought for increase production onion red.Research this  held on house glass in the garden test Faculty Agriculture University North Sumatra Muhammadiyah . design experiments that have used in study this is design random factorial group with 3 factors . Factor first  level drought with 2 levels treatment ie : 80% capacity roomy and 40% capacity roomy . Factor second paclobutrazol with 4 levels treatment namely 0 mg/l, 15 mg/l, 30 mg/l, 45 mg/l. Factor third Sour salicylate with 3 levels namely 0 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 100 mg/l. Observation parameters observed _ is length plant , number leaf , weight Fresh Bulbs , Weight Bulbs Dry and Bulb Diameter. Results study show gift factor single paclobutrazol and factor single sour salicylate no increase growth and production onion red.. Giving paclobutrazol with level 45 mg/l at 80% capacity roomy have score long plant and amount leaf highest compared to 40% Capacity roomy . Giving sour salicylate on concentration 50 mg/l at condition 80% capacity roomy increase weight tubers fresh , tuber dry and tuber diameter . Interaction treatment paclobutrazole , acid salicylate and stress drought could increase growth and production on K1S1P3 combination.
Morphological Agronomy Character Of Gene Mutation Of Various Varieties Of Soybean (Glycine Max L) On Drought Stress
Authors: Aminah Aminah , Paad Marliana S
Published: September 2022

The research objective is to identify the responsiveness of mutated soybean varieties to the growth and production, which are tolerant to drought stress. The research was held in the experimental garden of the Agricultural Technology Development Center, Maros Regency, using a randomized block design method consist of three treatments: M1 Anjasmoro, M1 Argomulyo and M1 Dena-1. The selection method carried out by leaving the treatment of plants resulting from gamma ray irradiation mutant-1, also the plants were not given water until entered the first generative phase (R1) and showed symptoms of severe wilting. having shown the symptoms, then the plants were given water again to see their recovery. The results showed the best morphological character against drought stress was M1 Dena-1. However, for the growth and production parameters, M1 Anjasmoro was the best. M1 Anjasmoro plant height 86.00 cm, the number of leaves 21,22 strands, plant dry weight 177.54 grams, the fastest flowering age 35.50 days. M1 Anjasmoro gave the best results for the parameters of 100 seeds weight (21.50 grams), seed weight per plant (18.52 grams), seed weight per plot (1.39 kg) production per hectare (2.38 tons), and the fastest harvesting age was obtained in M1 Anjasmoro (83,33 days).
Penggunaan Social Media dan Konsep Personal Branding dalam Pengembangan Usaha Mie Ayam Cipaganti Tirtayasa Berbasis 4.0 di Kota Bandung
Authors: Budiman Imam , Bulbul Abdurrachman  , Vina Novianti  , Laura Damayanti
Published: September 2022

Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) merupakan salah satu kewajiban dosen dalam Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi, Kegiatan UKM kali ini tim melakukan di Jl. Tirtayasa, No. 33 Bandung. Dimana, tim melihat potensi wisata kuliner UMKM Mie Ayam CIpaganti belum terkelola dan terpublikasikan dengan baik dan terstruktur.

 Mie Ayam Cipaganti cabang Tirtayasa ini dinilai sangat berpotensi dikembangkan mengingat posisi atau tempat berjualan Mie Ayam ini strategis. Di mana, berada diwilayah yang ramai dengan kuliner (resto) dan distro. Akan tetapi, masih terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pengembangan dan manajemen (tata kelola) usaha, utamanya dalam hal pemasaran melalui dalam jaringan (online) dan tata Kelola atau yang disebut dengan personal branding.

Berdasarkan beberapa masalah yang ditemukan oleh tim peneliti kami, maka tim PKM ini berupaya untuk memberikan sebuah solusi berupa sosialisasi dan pelatihan terkait manajemen pemasaran marketing media sosial dan personal branding. Hasil dari PKM yang kami rumuskan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sebuah solusi kepada mitra kami atau Mie Ayam dapat melakukan pemasaran marketing media sosial dan personal branding.
First record of Orsodacne cerasi (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae) from Russian Far East
Authors: Legalov Andrei A. , Sergeev Maxim E.
Published: September 2022

The first record of Orsodacne cerasi (Linnaeus, 1758) (Orsodacnidae: Orsodacninae) from Primorskii Krai (the Russian Far East) is given. It is the most eastern find of this species and the first record for Primorskii Krai. The distribution map from Asia, illustrations and redescription of Orsodacne cerasi are presented.
Ar-Ge Harcamalarının ve Teşviklerin VUK Açısından Muhasebeleştirilmesi
Authors: GÖNEN Kübra Filiz , KISAKÜREK Mustafa
Published: September 2022

Ülkelerin rekabet gücünü belirleyen önemli faktörlerden biri Ar-Ge yatırımlarıdır. Rekabet gücünü artırmak amacında olan her ülke işletmelerin Ar-Ge yatırımlarını teşviklerle desteklemek istemektedir. Böylece Ar-Ge yatırımı yapmak isteyen işletmeler cesaretlendirilmektedir. Ar-Ge’ye yatırım yapan işletmelere vergi indirimleri ve hibeler gibi yöntemlerle teşvikler verilmektedir. Bu teşviklerle işletmeler Ar-Ge yatırımları için cesaretlendirilmektir. Çalışmada devlet tarafından verilen teşviklerin Vergi Usul Kanunu açısından muhasebe kayıtlarına yer verilmiştir.
Türkiye’de Finansal Gelişmenin Gelir Eşitsizliği Üzerindeki Etkisi: Farklı Gelir Grupları için Mukayeseli Bir Analiz
Authors: KESKİN Nagehan
Published: September 2022

Gelir eşitsizliği, günümüzde yalnızca gelişmekte olan ülkelerin değil, gelişmiş ülkelerin de karşı karşıya kaldığı en temel ekonomik sorunlardan biridir. Sadece ekonomik değil aynı zamanda önemli sosyal sorunlara da yol açan gelir eşitsizliği, pek çok faktörden etkilenen çok boyutlu bir konudur. Gelir eşitsizliğini etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri de ülkelerin finansal gelişmişlik düzeyidir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de finansal gelişmenin gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkisi 1987-2019 dönemi yıllık verileri kullanılarak ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) sınır testi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Finansal gelişmeyi temsilen Uluslararası Para Fonu (International Monetary Fund-IMF) tarafından geliştirilen finansal gelişme endeksi, gelir eşitsizliğini temsilen ise üst, orta ve alt gelir grubunun milli gelirden aldığı paylar kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, finansal gelişmeye bağlı olarak en yüksek gelir grubunun gelirden aldığı pay artarken, orta gelir grubunun gelirden aldığı payın azaldığı belirlenmiştir. En düşük gelir grubunun gelirden aldığı pay ile finansal gelişme arasında ise eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığı tespit edilememiştir. Analiz bulguları bir bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde, sonuçlar Türkiye’de finansal gelişmenin gelir eşitsizliğini arttırdığına işaret etmekte ve pozitif doğrusal hipotezi destekleyen kanıtlar içermektedir.
The Academic Faltering of Orphan Students in the Quarantine of Covid-19
Authors: Shraida Jabbar Frayyeh
Published: September 2022

The research objectives are there individual differences between the sample members according to gender, Limitations of the Study Curriculum book for first grade reading in Iraq for 2020-2021 academic years, the sample A sample (400) of the current research was selected from male and female teachers in Baghdad who expressed a desire to answer the research questions and The research tool: An exploratory question that was presented to teachers, “What are the reasons for students, ' failure to a study from your point of view, and 30 reasons were collected, Are there individual differences between the sample members according to the gender variable. It was found there are no individual differences between the Ganders and the reasons are known to them.
Redrafting Constitutions in Democratic Regimes.Theoretical and Comparative Perspectives, de Gabriel Negretto (ed.)
Authors: Couso Javier
Published: September 2022

Reseña del libro Redrafting Constitutions in Democratic Regimes.Theoretical and Comparative Perspectives, de Gabriel Negretto (ed.)
Abortion and Democracy: Contentious Body Politics in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay, de Bárbara Sutton y Nayla Luz Vacarezza (eds.)
Authors: Undurraga Valdés Verónica
Published: September 2022

Reseña del libro Abortion and Democracy: Contentious Body Politics in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay, de Bárbara Sutton y Nayla Luz Vacarezza (eds.)
Physiological and Growth Responses of Castor (Ricinus Communis L) Under Cadmium Stressed Environment
Authors: Chhajro Muhammad Afzal , Hu Hongqing , Kubar Kashif Ali , Kalhoro Shahmir Ali , Narejo Mehar un Nisa , Sarfaraz Qamar , Koondhar Naimatullah , Magsi Sanaullah
Published: September 2022

Cadmium (Cd) is considered as phytotoxic in nature, its toxicity on the plant development decrease the antioxidative enzymes activities under stress environment. Castor (Ricinus Communis L.) is a metal tolerant plant and its ability to survive in highly polluted soils. Castor plant exhibited the high level of the Cd stress in the soil and buildup the antioxidants i.e., super oxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MAD) on the top of the ground parts under Cd stress. Castor plant grown in the treated soil for 30 days in various levels of Cd 0, 10, 25 and 50 mg kg-1 soil treatments. Stress caused by heavy metal toxicity effects on reduced the plant growth, biomass, of castor plant respectively under 25- 50 mg kg-1 stress as against to control treatment. Our results indicated that castor significantly enhanced the Cd contents in root, stem and leaves. The POD and SOD enzyme activities were significantly increased 215.30 µmol/g-1 and 53.20 U/g respectively under 50 mg kg-1 stress as against control. While, MAD and chlorophyll content 3.11% and 0.48%, proline content 2.23 to 1.75 µg-1 were decreased under 25 and 50 mg kg-1 Cd stress as against control. According to Pearson’s correlation the our research work exposed strongly positive relationship with root, shoot, proline and malionaldihyde.  Although the destructive relationship was demonstrated by PoD and SOD enzyme activities. Hence, this study recommended that castor can grow in highly polluted soils for phytoremediation
The Quadruple Image Configurations of Asymptotically Circular Gravitational Lenses
Authors: Falor Chirag , Schechter Paul L.
Published: September 2022

The quadruple image configurations of gravitational lenses with vanishing ellipticity are examined. Even though such lenses asymptotically approach circularity, the configurations are stable if the position of the source relative to the vanishing diamond caustic is held constant. The configurations are the solutions of a quartic equation, an “asymptotically circular lens equation,” parameterized by a single complex quantity. Several alternative parameterizations are examined. Relative magnifications of the images are derived. When a nonvanishing quadrupole, in the form of an external shear (XS), is added to the singular isothermal sphere (SIS), its configurations emerge naturally as stretched and squeezed versions of the circular configurations. And as the SIS+XS model is a good first approximation for most quadruply lensed quasars, their configurations likewise have only 2 + 1 salient dimensions. The asymptotically circular configurations can easily be adapted to the problem of solar system “occultation flashes.”
Constraining the Planet Occurrence Rate around Halo Stars of Potentially Extragalactic Origin
Authors: Yoshida Stephanie , Grunblatt Samuel , Price-Whelan Adrian M.
Published: September 2022

The search for planets orbiting other stars has recently expanded to include stars from galaxies outside the Milky Way. With the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and Gaia surveys, photometric and kinematic information can be combined to identify transiting planet candidates of extragalactic origin. Here, 1080 low-luminosity red-giant branch stars observed by Gaia and TESS with kinematics suggesting a high likelihood of extragalactic origin were searched for planet transits. Transit injection-recovery tests were performed to measure the sensitivity of the TESS data and completeness of the transit search. Injected signals of planets larger than Jupiter with orbital periods of 10 days or less were recovered in ≈44% of cases. Although no planet transits were detected in this sample, we find an upper limit on planet occurrence of 0.52% for hot Jupiters, consistent with previous studies of planet occurrence around similar host stars. As stars in the halo tend to be lower metallicity, and short-period giant planet occurrence tends to be strongly correlated with stellar metallicity, we predict that relative to the Galactic disk population, a smaller fraction of halo stars will host planets detectable by transit surveys. Thus, applying the known planet occurrence trends to potential planet detection around halo stars, we predict ≳13,000 stars must be searched with similar cadence and precision as the stars studied here before a detection of a planet of extragalactic origin is likely. This may be possible with future data releases from the TESS and Gaia missions.
BD+47 378: An Eclipsing Binary Containing a δ Sct Pulsating Star
Authors: Hong Kyeongsoo , Woo Lee Jae , Rittipruk Pakakaew , Park Jang-Ho , Kim Hye-Young , Han Cheongho
Published: September 2022

New high-resolution spectra of the eclipsing binary BD+47 378 were obtained on five nights between 2020 and 2021 with the Bohyunsan Observatory Echelle Spectrograph in Korea. We collected the TESS light curve of the system obtained from Sectors 17 to 18, which shows a flat bottom at the secondary eclipse, an O’Connell effect, and oscillation features. From the spectral analysis, the radial velocities (RVs) of the primary and secondary stars were obtained, and the temperature of the brighter and more massive primary component was determined to be 7140 ± 100 K. According to a simultaneous analysis of the double-lined RVs and TESS light curves, the masses and radii of both components are M
1 = 1.69 ± 0.03 M
⊙, M
2 = 0.80 ± 0.02 M
⊙, R
1 = 2.01 ± 0.01 R
⊙, and R
2 = 0.79 ± 0.01 R
⊙, respectively. The primary component of the system is located on the δ Sct and γ Dor instability strips. After subtracting the theoretical light curve from the TESS data, a total of four independent frequencies (5.7235 day−1, 6.2577 day−1, 6.9588 day−1, and 14.7675 day−1) were detected using the multiple frequency analysis. These frequencies are typical of a δ Sct pulsator. The results reveal that BD+47 378 is a detached system consisting of two main-sequence stars with a δ Sct type primary component.
The R-Process Alliance: Abundance Universality among Some Elements at and between the First and Second R-Process Peaks*
Authors: Roederer Ian U. , Cowan John J. , Pignatari Marco , Beers Timothy C. , Den Hartog Elizabeth A. , Ezzeddine Rana , Frebel Anna , Hansen Terese T. , Holmbeck Erika M. , Mumpower Matthew R. , Placco Vinicius M. , Sakari Charli M. , Surman Rebecca , Vassh Nicole
Published: September 2022

We present new observational benchmarks of rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) nucleosynthesis for elements at and between the first (A ∼ 80) and second (A ∼ 130) peaks. Our analysis is based on archival ultraviolet and optical spectroscopy of eight metal-poor stars with Se (Z = 34) or Te (Z = 52) detections, whose r-process enhancement varies by more than a factor of 30 (−0.22 ≤ [Eu/Fe] ≤ +1.32). We calculate ratios among the abundances of Se, Sr through Mo (38 ≤ Z ≤ 42), and Te. These benchmarks may offer a new empirical alternative to the predicted solar system r-process residual pattern. The Te abundances in these stars correlate more closely with the lighter r-process elements than the heavier ones, contradicting and superseding previous findings. The small star-to-star dispersion among the abundances of Se, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, and Te (≤0.13 dex, or 26%) matches that observed among the abundances of the lanthanides and third r-process-peak elements. The concept of r-process universality that is recognized among the lanthanide and third-peak elements in r-process-enhanced stars may also apply to Se, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, and Te, provided the overall abundances of the lighter r-process elements are scaled independently of the heavier ones. The abundance behavior of the elements Ru through Sn (44 ≤ Z ≤ 50) requires further study. Our results suggest that at least one relatively common source in the early Universe produced a consistent abundance pattern among some elements spanning the first and second r-process peaks.
Morphometry and allometry of free-living olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) from the Mexican Central Pacific
Authors: Martínez-Vargas Janette Alejandra , De la Cueva Horacio , Liñán-Cabello Marco A. , Ortega-Ortiz Christian D.
Published: September 2022

Research on olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) has emphasized egg-laying females and neonates, using data collected on nesting beaches, but no systematic studies on morphological characteristics by size and sex have been published. This research describes the morphometry of free-living olive ridley sea turtles from coastal and oceanic waters of the Mexican Central Pacific captured and released from 2011 through 2013. A total of 3469 km was surveyed, and 142 sea turtles were evaluated by sex, size class, marine area, and geographic region for nine corporal measurements and their allometric relationships. The average curved carapace length (CCL) was 62.12 cm, range 42-94 cm. Significant differences were found by sex and size class with total tail length (TTL) (♂ = 26.33 cm, ♀ = 12.4 cm); similarly with vent to tail tip length (VTTL) (♂ = 6.38 cm, ♀ = 3.86 cm); and for rear flipper length (RFL) (♂ = 28.17 cm, ♀ = 38.62 cm, immatures = 23.80 cm). Turtles from the coastal region of Colima-Michoacán showed longer CCL = 62.46 cm and wider CW = 66.58 cm. Adult female RFLs showed positive allometry, b = 1.098, suggesting an accelerated growth of the posterior extremities, probably favoring reproductive behaviors, e.g. nest digging and egg-covering. Morphological differences were likely due to ontogenetic sexual distinctions rather than marine area or geographic differences.
Extracts of Moringa oleifera and Croton californicus against infections of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (IPNGS16) in juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)
Authors: Lugo-Rubio Jesús Yolanda , López-Álvarez Ely Sara , Vázquez-Montoya Nadia , Escamilla-Montes Ruth , Félix-Ortiz José Adán , Lugo-Medina Eder , Herrera-Moreno María Nancy , Nava-Pérez Eusebio , Valenzuela-Quiñónez Wenceslao
Published: September 2022

We evaluated the inhibition activity of extracts from two common plants, moringa (Moringa oleifera) and croton (Croton californicus), against Vibrio parahaemolyticus (IPNGS16), which causes acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). The experiment was developed in three phases. First, extracts were prepared, and phytochemical screening of plants was performed. Second, microbiological tests were applied to calculate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Finally, two bioassays were performed on juvenile shrimp by administering the extracts (first) in shrimp feed at 24 and 72 h, pre-infection, and the second in feed and directly to the culture water. Based on preliminary results of antimicrobial activity, an extract concentration of 60 mg mL-1 inhibited V. parahaemolyticus (IPNGS16) at a final concentration of approximately 1×106 CFU mL-1. Bioassays were carried out in order to determine the V. parahaemolyticus (IPNGS16) median lethal dose (LC50) for juvenile Penaeus vannamei (0.20 ± 0.05 g); the LC50 was 85×103 CFU mL-1. As a first test, the extracts were added to commercial feed at doses of 20, 40, and 60 mg mL-1. After feeding, the shrimp were infected with V. parahaemolyticus (IPNGS16), and mortality was recorded. For the first infection time (24 h), survival was 46 and 33% with croton and moringa, respectively; for the second infection time (72 h), survival was 16 and 25% with croton and moringa. Application of antibacterial extracts directly to culture water were effective against V. parahaemolyticus (IPNGS16). The best result (94% survival) was obtained with a high dose (3.6 mg mL-1 or 30%) of moringa extracts added directly to culture water. Moringa methanol extracts produce active compounds capable of inhibiting replication of V. parahaemolyticus (IPNGS16) in shrimp aquaculture and reducing shrimp mortality.
Climate variability and small-scale fisheries of the Albuquerque Cays Island, insular Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Doria González María Alejandra , Pérez Ferro Daniel , Olaya Frank C. , Payares Varela José Luis , Ortiz Royero Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

The relationship between climate variability and the small-scale fishery (SSF) of the Albuquerque Cays was studied from 2004 to 2018. The environmental variables analyzed were: sea surface temperature (SST), wind magnitude, and chlorophyll (Chl-α). The fishery is multi-species; 410 individuals were identified, belonging to 4 orders, 15 families, and 62 species, of which 38.7% are reef, 35.5% demersal, and 25.8% pelagic. The most dominant species were Caranx latus, Elagatis bipinnulata, Coryphaena hippurus, Lutjanus vivanus, Ocyurus chrysurus, Thunnus atlanticus, Sphyraena barracuda, Canthidermis sufflamen, Etelis oculatus, Acanthocybium solandri, Lutjanus jocu, Balistes vetula, Lutjanus buccanella, followed by Rhomboplites aurorubens and Mycteroperca bonaci. The pelagic species that contribute the most in biomass and commercial importance are S. barracuda, A. solandri, T. atlanticus, and E. bipinnulata, the most important due to their high market value. A significant correlation was found among SST, Chl-α, wind magnitude, and catch per unit effort (CPUE) anomalies. The highest CPUE values occurred in January, March, June and September were associated with the passage of cold fronts and hurricanes, giving way to new fishing opportunities and conservation of some resources.
Dayak Onions (Eleutherine americana L Merr) Reduced Mesothelial Cell Detachment After Laparoscopy in Rats
Authors: Poerwosusanta Hery , Yasmina Alfi , Dewi Firli Rahmah Primula , Benita Krist Nathania , Budi Angga Setya , Putri Nanda Setya , Ainun Nur , Fakhriah Ghyna , Fitri Anisa , Poerwosusanta Adam Rahardiyan , Poerwosusanta Elvira Esmeralda , Aditia Donny , Noor Zairin
Published: September 2022

Background: Laparoscopy induces changes and detachment of mesothelial structure. Studies on the prevention of mesothelial cell detachment are rarely found. The Dayak tribe uses the Dayak onion (Eleutherine americana L. Merr) as a wound-healing agent due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. This study aimed to prove the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Dayak onions in preventing mesothelial cell damage after laparoscopy.
Materials and methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were classified into five groups (n = 6 per group), namely: (a) control, (b) Mediclore, (c) Dayak onion, 30-, (d) 60-, and (e) 90 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and total oxidant status in the peritoneal fluid were determined 24 hours after laparoscopy. Histopathological analysis of mesothelial cell numbers and the protein Zone Occludin-1 (ZO-1) expression in the peritoneum, small intestines, greater omentum, and liver were performed 7 days after the procedure. An in-silico study was conducted to analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of the components of Dayak onions.
Results: The in-silico study showed that one of the Dayak onion active compounds, eleutherine, had a potential anti-inflammatory effect and acted as a modulator of TGF-β. Following Dayak onion administration, the TGF- level, the number of mesothelial cell detachments, and ZO-1 expression were all significantly reduced (p<0.05), whereas the total oxidant status (TOS) level was not (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Our study showed that Dayak onion administration reduced TGF-β level, number of mesothelial cell detachment, and ZO-1 expression following laparoscopy.
The Role of Androgen Receptor Expression in Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hermien Hermien , Cangara Husni , Miskad Upik A. , Zainuddin Andi Alfian , Azis Abdul , Achmad Djumadi , Ghaznawie Mahmud
Published: September 2022

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide, where South Sulawesi is included in four provinces with the highest prevalence of prostate cancer in Indonesia. Laboratorium Sentra Patologia Makassar (SDPM) stated that prostate cancer cases continue to rise each year. Androgen receptor (AR) plays a role in the growth and differentiation of male urogenital structures, both under normal and neoplastic conditions, the neoplastic condition is caused by the mechanism of the AR pathway which undergoes changes that continue in the development and progression of prostate lesions, both benign and malignant. Androgen receptors are generally found evenly distributed in the nuclei of glandular and stromal cells in prostate hyperplasia and vary widely in prostate cancer. These inventions show that AR inhibitors are used to treat prostate adenocarcinoma by inhibiting androgen synthesis. Assessment of AR expression can be used in determining therapy and predicting the success of hormonal therapy so that the prognosis of the disease is better. This study is conducted to learn more about AR expression in adenocarcinoma prostate grading. The type of this research is an observational analytical study with cross-sectional methods. Samples are taken based on consecutive sampling of as many as 77 respondents. There is a significant difference between AR expression score and histopathological feature of prostate adenocarcinoma WHO Grup Grade (p<0,001). In conclusion, there is a significant correlation between AR and WHO Grup Grade and could be used as important marker in grading adenocarcinoma prostate progression
Keywords : Androgen receptor (AR); prostate adenocarcinoma; WHO Grup Grade
Essential Oil Constituents and Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Java Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) stem from Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Haerussana Ayu Nala El Muna , Chairunnisa Haura Fatona
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Cymbopogon winterianus essential oil contains citral-derived chemicals with a variety of pharmacological effects, although there has been minimal research on pharmacognostic, phytochemical, and biological aspects. AIM: This research aims to evaluate the pharmacognostic and chemical components of C. winterianus stem essential oil. METHODS: The pharmacognostic studies were carried out in terms of macroscopic, microscopic, water content, water extractive values, ethanol extractive values, and essential oil yield. The oil was extracted by ethanol steam distillation method, the oil composition was analyzed by GC-MS. RESULTS: Cymbopogon winterianus stems are 15-35 cm long and 0.5-2 cm broad, with a rough, stiff, and thin texture, with prominent fibers on the top and bottom surfaces. It has a bitter and slightly spicy taste with a distinctive lemony aroma and was greenish yellow in hue with a blend of purplish-red colors. The upper and lower epidermis was examined under a microscope, which revealed sclerenchyma fibers, trichomes, parenchyma, calcium oxalate (rosette), cortex, stem pith, oil cells, stomata (Gramineae type), trachea (ladder and spiral thickening), and collenchyma. The water content was 7.16±0.72%, the water-soluble extractive value was 12.152±0.003%, the ethanol-soluble extractive value was 12.290 ±0.76%, and the essential oil content was 6.46±0.50%. Essential oil constituents were 6-octen-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, formate; trifluoroacetyl-lavandulol; n-hexadecanoic acid; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-; oxacyclotetradecane-2,11-dione, 13-methyl-; palmitic acid vinyl ester; glycidyl palmitate; 9,17-Octadecadienal, (Z)-; glycidyl palmitoleate; 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene; and cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-. CONCLUSION: The essential oil constituents and preliminary pharmacognostic evaluation of Cymbopogon winterianus stem can provide useful data for further phytochemical analysis, quality control, and standardization of Cymbopogon winterianus. Citronellyl formate detected as citral derivatives as the main compound in the ethanol steam distillation method.
Assessment of Osteogenesis Enhancement in Rats Using Bone Densitometry: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Hassan Manar Abd Alrazaq , Ajwad Asmaa A.
Published: September 2022

Background: Human survival depends on the availability of water. Safe drinking water is a fundamental human right as well as a basic need for a good health. At the mineral and organic levels of water composition, exposure to electromagnetic fields can cause considerable changes in the quality of drinking water. As a result, water is more easily absorbed into the cell walls throughout the body, making it better suited for organ growth and development. When drunk on a daily basis, magnetic water causes dramatic changes in bone mineral density and content. Due to the necessity for distinct beam filtering and near-perfect spatial discography of the two attenuations, DXA (DualEnergy X-ray Absorptiometry) was included with general-purpose X-ray systems. In rats that drink magnetized water on a daily basis, the DXA can be used to calculate the weight and area of all head compartments. Objective: By employing a Bone Densitometry scan on the head regions of rats, this study aims to assess the changes in the rat's skull bone measures (area, weight, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density) after feeding the animal with magnetized water. Methods: This study involved thirty adult male rats (6 weeks old). For 30 days, 15 rats were given a magnetized water to drink and used as experimental animals. For comparison purposes, the remaining 15 rats were given regular water for 30 days. After the experimental procedure was done, each rat's head was scanned with a DXA to determine bone weight, area, bone mineral content, and bone mineral density. Before drinking water, each rat in both the experimental and control groups was examined. The head of each rate was scanned using a DXA to get the values of bone: weight, area, mineral density, and mineral content after 30 days of consuming magnetized water. The four bone measures were statistically compared in the experimental and control rats, p-values below 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Comparing to control rats, experimental rats showed a significant increase in the bone’s weight and area of the skull (p<0.05, Wilcoxon test).  Bone marrow content and bone marrow density enhanced significantly as well in experimental rats after drinking the magnetized water for 30 days. Conclusions: Drinking water that has been subjected to electromagnetic fields for 30 days can improve bone marrow content and density in rats. Drinking magnetized water also has a substantial impact on bone mass and area.
A new species of Allobathynella (Crustacea, Bathynellacea, Parabathynellidae) from the hyporheic zone of the Hangang River, South Korea
Authors: Ji Su-Jung , Min Gi-Sik
Published: September 2022

Bathynellacea including the parabathynellid genus Allobathynella Morimoto & Miura, 1957 is commonly found across the subterranean environment. The genus Allobathynella is the most species-rich genus known in Korea, and it now contains 23 species and one subspecies from South Korea and Japan. In this paper, we described a new species of Allobathynella from Danyang, South Korea. Allobathynella danyangensissp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the presence of five simple setae on the antennule, seven spines on the maxillule and 3-5-10-6 setal formula of the maxilla. We describe the new species with molecular diagnosis based on the mitochondrial c oxidase subunit 1, the mitochondrial 16S rDNA, and the nuclear 18S rDNA gene sequences and morphological study.
First biological data, associated fauna, and microclimate preferences of the enigmatic cave-dwelling beetle Dalyat mirabilis Mateu, 2002 (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Authors: Mayoral Jaime , Barranco Pablo , Fernandez-Cortes Angel
Published: September 2022

Dalyat mirabilisis an extraordinary troglobite carabid described in 2002 from the cave Simarrón II in the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain). A new subfamily Dalyatinae was erected to accommodate this species with remarkable morphological characters and adaptations to live underground. In addition to the former original descriptions, there is only one more study and it aimed to elucidate its evolutionary history. Its closest living relative belongs to the genusPromecognathusin North America and both groups seem to have diverged sometime in the late Jurassic to early Cretaceous. In this work, the phenology ofD. mirabilis, its associated invertebrate fauna and the environmental conditions of the cave Simarrón II were studied for a full year cycle. This carabid is not evenly distributed in the cave, in time or space. It is most abundant during the winter months, wet season, and it disappears from the top layer of the substrate in the summer. A positive correlation was found between the number of carabids captured per trap and the distance to the entrance of the cave; most specimens were captured in traps farthest from the entrance and located in the chamber known as Vias Salas Negras. Furthermore, several spatially-resolved analyses integrating relative humidity, temperature, and the number of captures per trap showed thatD. mirabilisprefers Vias Salas Negras for having a higher and more stable relative humidity than other chambers in the cave. Larvae were never captured, regardless of intense efforts to collect them for years. Finally, 30 other invertebrate species belonging to 12 different Orders were captured in the cave and are listed here, 25.8% are troglobites, 29.0% troglophiles and 45.2% troglexenes. The data from this study was used for an initiative to protect this cave and its remarkable fauna. Some of the measures taken by the Administration include the control of human visits to the cave, the installation of a perimetral fence surrounding the entrance, and the installation of an informative panel at the exterior of the cave describing the endemic entomological fauna it contains.
The Angolan bushveld lizards, genus Heliobolus Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Lacertidae): Integrative taxonomy and the description of two new species
Authors: Marques Mariana P. , Ceríaco Luis M. P. , Heinicke Matthew P. , Chehouri Rachal M. , Conradie Werner , Tolley Krystal A. , Bauer Aaron M.
Published: September 2022

The genus Heliobolus comprises four recognized species, all endemic to sub-Saharan Africa. Of these, only Heliobolus lugubris occurs in southern Africa, its distribution extending from Angola in the west to Mozambique in the east and reaching as far south as parts of northern South Africa. Like many of the reptile species that occur in southern Africa, Heliobolus lugubris is poorly studied, and preliminary investigation suggested that it may contain cryptic diversity. The present work focusses on the Angolan population of H. lugubris and uses an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological, coloration and DNA sequence data. The results indicate that some of the current and historical specimens of H. lugubris from Angola do not correspond to the nominotypical form, and that differences between specimens suggest the presence of two additional species, described here as Heliobolus bivarisp. nov. from the southernmost xeric/desertic regions and plateau of Namibe Province, southwestern Angola and H. crawfordisp. nov. from the Serra da Neve inselberg north through the sub-desert coastal regions of northern Namibe, Benguela, and Kwanza Sul provinces. Nominotypical Heliobolus lugubris is confirmed to occur in Cuando Cubango Province, southeastern Angola.
Assessing contamination sources and environmental hazards for potentially toxic elements and organic compounds in the soils of a heavily anthropized area: the case study of the Acerra plain (Southern Italy)
Authors: Albanese Stefano , Guarino Annalise
Published: September 2022

Epidemiological and environmental studies demonstrated that the rate of cancer mortality in the Acerra area, better known as "Triangle of Death", and, more in general, in the Neapolitan metropolitan territory are higher than the regional average values. In the "Triangle of Death" the higher rate of mortality has been mostly related to the presence of toxic wastes illegally buried in agricultural areas which have been contaminating soils and groundwater for decades. Thus, collecting a total of 154 samples over an area of about 100 km2, a detailed study was carried out to assess the geochemical-environmental conditions of soils aiming at defining the environmental hazard proceeding from 15 potentially toxic elements (PTEs), 9 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 14 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) related with soil contamination. The study was also targeted at discriminating the contamination sources of these pollutants. Results showed that 9 PTEs, 5 PAHs and 6 OCPs are featured by concentrations higher than the guideline values established by the Italian Environmental laws, especially in the proximities of inhabited centers and industrial areas. The contamination source analysis revealed that, as regards the concentrations of chemical elements, they have a dual origin due to both the natural composition of the soils (Co-Fe-V-Tl-Be) and the pressure exerted on the environment by anthropic activities such as vehicular traffic (Pb-Zn-Sb-Sn) and agricultural practices (Cu-P). As far as organic compounds are concerned, the source of hydrocarbons can be mainly attributed to the combustion of biomass (i.e., grass, wood and coal), while for pesticides, although the use of some of them has been prohibited in Italy since the 1980s, it has been found that they are still widely used by local farmers.
A questão da Profundidade no debate sobre a divergência teórica:
Authors: Vollet Lucas Ribeiro
Published: September 2022

Nosso artigo irá avaliar a contribuição de uma teoria intensional para projetos de filosofia da ciência. Esperamos explorar o conceito de intensão, que fez parte da polêmica semântica do século XX, para discutir a natureza dos enunciados da ciência e suas diferenças de profundidade. Optamos por dar a seguinte forma à argumentação: almejamos apresentar indícios para a plausibilidade da tese de que as intensões contribuem para marcar diferenças de conteúdo preditivo das proposições. Argumentaremos que essas diferenças falham em ser avaliadas extensionalmente. Sugerimos explorar a diferença entre intensões carnapianas (Carnap 1891-1970) e millianas (Stuart Mill 1806-1873). A linha de contraste será traçada a partir dos problemas para os quais os autores elaboraram seu conceito: as primeiras para ampliar o universo extensional da interpretação com casos possíveis mapeados por um modelo (as quais chamaremos de extensionalidade estendida), e as segundas para resolver problemas de profundidade teórica, entendidos como questões de projeção e predição. A sequência do artigo avalia o desafio de Quine à concepção carnapiana de intensão, e explora a seguinte opção: a de que uma versão profunda (milliana) do conceito de intensão e analiticidade não seria alvo da crítica de Quine. Passamos, por fim, por um exame de possíveis alinhamentos e alianças com o racionalismo crítico recente (David Miller, J. Watkins), para concluir que o universo da filosofia da ciência está aberto a discutir a contribuição de uma noção não-extensional de significação.
Leading Adult Learning in Organizations
Authors: Wang Viktor , Torrisi-Steele Geraldine
Published: September 2022

Challenged by the uncertainty and complexity of the digital age, organizations must make learning a priority if they are to survive and thrive. Increasingly, organizations are striving to become learning organizations. What is the nature of learning in learning organizations? What does it mean for their leaders? In the present chapter, the authors explore, through the lens of adult learning, the nature of learning organizations and the nature of the leadership necessary to support them.
Measuring Emotions and Empathy in Educational Leadership
Authors: Lambert Steve
Published: September 2022

Educational leadership combines transformational and transactional leadership. Yet this combination is not equal, instead favouring transformational leadership which is focused on an individual's social interactions and their ability to identify and react empathetically to others. Many leadership theorists suggest the ability to have and display empathy is an important part of leadership. Until recently the focus of determining an individual's ability to recognise emotions has been through self-reporting questionnaires. These can only be used to report manifestations in our body, picked up by self-awareness, such as anger, sadness, and joy. Therefore, individuals are reporting their awareness of and externalising of the sensation based on what they perceive the emotion to be. This chapter explores the use of neuroscientific techniques to better understand empathy. What this chapter highlights are that these techniques are more accurate at measuring an individual's ability to recognise emotions than the traditional self-reporting questionnaire.