bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pure T3 thyrotoxicosis from a Struma Ovarii characterised by a paradoxical rise in thyroxine on treatment
Authors: Prentice James , Panter Kate , Attygalle Ayoma , Ind Thomas , Prentice Malcolm
Published: March 2020

A 33-year-old female presented with a right 11.6 cm ovarian cyst. Routine pre-operative thyroid function tests showed thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) of less than 0.02 mU/L (0.3–3.05) and a free thyroxine (FT4) of 5.5 pmol/L (10–28.2) suggesting either assay interference, triiodothyronine (T3) ingestion or hypopituitary hypothyroidism. A free triiodothyronine (FT3) level was requested which was high normal 6.9 pmol/L (3.1–8.1). Parallel assays on a different platform were similar but with a raised FT3 of 7.2 pmol/L (3.1–6.8). TSH receptor stimulating antibody (TSHAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO) were negative. Antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) was positive at 155.6 IU/mL (0–115). She was clinically euthyroid. Thyroid ultrasound showed a normal sized mildly heterogeneous gland with low blood flow and a solitary 1.5 cm U3 (BTA) nodule with higher blood flow. Thyroid Tc99m uptake was very low 0.2% (0.6–3.0) with no nodule uptake. These results demonstrated an extrathyroidal source of excessive autonomous T3 production resulting in the low thyroxine (T4). With carbimazole her TSH rose to 11.9 mU/L, FT4 rose to 7.7 pmol/L and FT3 reduced to 3.6 pmol/L. Histological diagnosis was Struma Ovarii. Her TSH, FT4 and FT3 remained normal thereafter. In conclusion, an extrathyroidal source of high T3 secretion was diagnosed using routine thyroid tests and scans. We believe this is the first description of a Struma Ovarii exclusively secreting T3 hormone characterised by the paradoxical rise of a low FT4 to normal with treatment. Two years later she developed non-secreting peritoneal deposits of highly differentiated follicular carcinoma.

Learning points:

Abnormally low TSH and FT4 levels suggestive of possible T3 ingestion, or less likely, hypopituitary hypothyroidism should always be followed by an assay of FT3.

The diagnosis of an extrathyroidal source of T3 can be made using conventional thyroid tests, thyroid ultrasound scanning and technetium thyroid uptake and scan imaging. In a pre-menopausal patient this avoids a radiation dose to the pelvis.

Pelvic radioisotope scanning of a suspected Struma Ovarii causing thyrotoxicosis can be reserved for patients whose thyroid function remains abnormal after initial surgery.

Carbimazole is effective in the treatment of extrathyroidal autonomous T3 hormone production from a Struma Ovarii.

The pathological appearance of a Struma Ovarii is not a guide to its malignancy. Even with a benign appearance they can disseminate to peritoneum, as highly differentiated follicular carcinoma (previously known as peritoneal strumosis).

Hyperthyroid secretion by a Struma Ovarii may not be replicated in the metastatic follicular carcinoma in the peritoneum.
Therapeutic plasma exchange for the management of severe gestational hypertriglyceridaemic pancreatitis due to lipoprotein lipase mutation
Authors: Kim Albert S , Hakeem Rashida , Abdullah Azaliya , Hooper Amanda J , Tchan Michel C , Alahakoon Thushari I , Girgis Christian M
Published: March 2020

A 19-year-old female presented at 25-weeks gestation with pancreatitis. She was found to have significant hypertriglyceridaemia in context of an unconfirmed history of familial hypertriglyceridaemia. This was initially managed with fasting and insulin infusion and she was commenced on conventional interventions to lower triglycerides, including a fat-restricted diet, heparin, marine oil and gemfibrozil. Despite these measures, the triglyceride levels continued to increase as she progressed through the pregnancy, and it was postulated that she had an underlying lipoprotein lipase defect. Therefore, a multidisciplinary decision was made to commence therapeutic plasma exchange to prevent further episodes of pancreatitis. She underwent a total of 13 sessions of plasma exchange, and labour was induced at 37-weeks gestation in which a healthy female infant was delivered. There was a rapid and significant reduction in triglycerides in the 48 h post-delivery. Subsequent genetic testing of hypertriglyceridaemia genes revealed a missense mutation of the LPL gene. Fenofibrate and rosuvastatin was commenced to manage her hypertriglyceridaemia postpartum and the importance of preconception counselling for future pregnancies was discussed. Hormonal changes in pregnancy lead to an overall increase in plasma lipids to ensure adequate nutrient delivery to the fetus. These physiological changes become problematic, where a genetic abnormality in lipid metabolism exists and severe complications such as pancreatitis can arise. Available therapies for gestational hypertriglyceridaemia rely on augmentation of LPL activity. Where there is an underlying LPL defect, these therapies are ineffective and removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins via plasma exchange should be considered.

Learning points:

Hormonal changes in pregnancy, mediated by progesterone,oestrogen and human placental lactogen, lead to a two- to three-fold increase in serum triglyceride levels.

Pharmacological intervention for management of gestational hypertriglyceridaemia rely on the augmentation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity to enhance catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

Genetic mutations affecting the LPL gene can lead to severe hypertriglyceridaemia.

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an effective intervention for the management of severe gestational hypertriglyceridaemia and should be considered in cases where there is an underlying LPL defect.

Preconception counselling and discussion regarding contraception is of paramount importance in women with familial hypertriglyceridaemia.
From the Borderland of the Lithuanian Southern Aukštaitians: Changes in the Syntactic Constructions
Authors: Tuomienė Nijolė
Published: March 2020

The dialectological and sociolinguistic material from the Southern Aukštaitian borderland is under the investigation in this article. The most recent records of the speaker of the Lithuanian Southern Aukštaitian in Šalčininkai district are analyzed in order to study the changes in the syntax. The peripheral area of the Southern Aukštaitian located in Šalčininkai district is surrounded or, speaking more precisely, in contact with languages other than Lithuanian, i. e. Belarusian and Polish, and relatively recently with the Russian language as well. The purpose of this article is to reveal the process of interception and convergence of syntactic compounds in the Lithuanian dialect of Šalčininkai district. The paper is based on ideas by Vytautas Ambrazas (2006) on this topic.Because of continuous language contact a lot of variants in the present Lithuanian dialect of Šalčininkai region have developed. For example, very frequently the prepositions ant ‘on’, dėl ‘for’, į ‘to’, po ‘after’ used in combination with case tend to acquire more specific meanings. A lot of them become analogous to those found in the neighbouring Slavic languages and thus are often alien for Lithuanian. The impact of standard Lithuanian cannot be totally disregarded either.The Lithuanian and Slavic languages are in active contact in these neighbourhoods, that is’ why they tend to develop the same patterns and constructions. In many cases the local Belarusian dialect, known as the poprostu (‘plain language’ – a local variant of the Belarusian northwestern dialect), plays a stimulating role here. Relatively recently all three contact languages, i.e. Lithuanian, Belarusian and Polish, have acquired numerous lexical and grammatical borrowings in the dialects of Šalčininkai neighborhoods. This is one of the conditions for accelerating the incorporation and adoption of alien syntactic patterns in the Lithuanian language.In intense contact, borrowing is not limited to several different patterns because syntactic rules could be adopted as well. Surely, the archaic constructions could acquire entirely new semantic content. The prepositional phrases have been adopted and used not instead of pure cases, but rather alongside with them.
Measurement of Content of 226Ra in Drinking Water From Some States of Mexican Republic by Liquid Scintillation Method
Authors: A. Ángeles  , E. Quintero  , I. Gaso  , C. P. Zepeda  , T. Palma  , P. V. Rojas
Published: March 2020

To assess the quality of drinking water in respect to the content of radioactivity, usually is carried out an screening program in the locations of interest, that program consist in pick representative samples of drinking water from the wells in that locations, water samples are analyzed to measuring the gross alpha/beta radioactivity by a low background proportional counter or a liquid scintillation system. When some sample exceeds the normative limit then it must be known which radionuclides are in that sample. Expected radionuclides in water are the NORM (normal occurring radioactive material) from the natural radioactive chains. 226Ra is frequently present in drinking water and is one of most important radionuclide because its “radiotoxicity”, the WHO [World Health Organization, Guidelines for drinking-water Quality, (2016)] recommends a reference level for 226Ra of 1 Bq/L (the dose coefficient for 226Ra is 2.8 x 10-7 Sv/Bq). From a national program of drinking water screening in the Mexican Republic, the samples that exceeded the national normative limits were picked again in the same well and analyzed by LS (liquid Scintillation), using the method of two phases with a not water miscible scintillator cocktail. Results of concentrations of 226Ra from drinking water are presented. In general the content of 226Ra in drinking water samples was lower that the guide values recommended for the WHO.
DE LA CALLE A LA MESA. ACCIONES DE PROTESTA Y OPORTUNIDADES POLÍTICAS EN EL GOBIERNO DE LUIS GUILLERMO SOLÍS (2014-2018)
Authors: Alvarado Alcázar Alejandro , Martínez Sánchez Gloriana
Published: March 2020

El artículo muestra los resultados de un trabajo sistemático de monitoreo de la protesta social en Costa Rica durante el cuatrienio de gobierno de Luis Guillermo Solís (mayo 2014-mayo 2018), mediante la metodología de Análisis de Eventos de Protesta (aep). Para esto, el documento se estructura en dos partes. La primera parte se enfoca en describir y caracterizar las tendencias generales de la protesta durante el período de estudio, en términos de los repertorios de acción, los actores demandantes, las demandas y los actores demandados. De esta parte, se concluye que las acciones de protesta decrecieron año con año y que las estrategias y rutinas de acción fueron diferenciadas según los actores demandantes. La segunda parte propone como hipótesis de trabajo a futuro, explorar la relación entre la reducción de las acciones de protesta y las oportunidades políticas abiertas por el gobierno de Solís.
Clinicopathological profile of breast lesions and their management in paediatric patients seen in a tertiary health facility in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Okoro Philemon E*, Obiorah Christopher
Published: March 2020

IntroductionBreast diseases are less common in the paediatric age group than in adults. Accordingly,less attention has been given to this group of diseases. Hence there is not enoughliterature on so many aspects including pathology,diagnosis, treatment and outcome.Commonly, surgeons and researchers apply the same principles deployed for adults.Aims and ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical and pathological pattern of paediatric breast diseases seen inour centre, and to review their treatment.MethodsThis is a four year retrospective review of cases of breast diseases seen in patientswho are of age 18 years and less in our centre from July 2015 to May 2019. The dataextracted were age, gender, clinical features, clinical diagnosis, laterality of breastlesion, treatment offered, histological diagnosis. The data were collated and analyzedusing the SPSS 17.0ResultsOne hundred and ninety one cases were analyzed. They comprised 29(15%) males and162(85%) females giving a male female ratio of 1:6. The breast lesions were in the rightbreast in 84(44%) cases, in the left breast in 75(39.3%) cases and bilateral in 32(16.7%)cases. Breast lumps were the commonest clinical presentation, and fibroadenoma andfibroadenosis constituted 79.2% of cases. There were no malignant lesions.ConclusionBreast lesions are not uncommon among our paediatric patients. The majority of thelesions presented as breast lump in the teenage years. Fibroadenoma and fibroadenosisare the commonest breast lesions and malignant lesions were not encountered. Lessinvasive methods of diagnosis and treatment are recommended.Key words: Breast–Lesions–Paediatric–Profile–Management
Acute effects of different stretching and warm up protocols on some anaerobic motoric tests, flexibility and balance in junior male judokas
Authors: Eken Özgür , Özkol Mehmet Z. , Varol Saadet R.
Published: March 2020

Background and Study Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate acute effects of different warm-up and stretching protocols, on 30 m. sprint, flexibility, vertical jump, strength, balance and anaerobic power performances in junior male judokas.

Material and Methods: Twenty sub-elite 11-14 year old judokas who volunteered to participate in the study (age: 12,25±0,96 years; height: 1,52±0,11cm; body mass: 48,06±14,22 kg). This study consist of four different stretching and warm up protocols; without stretching (WS); static stretching (SS); dynamic warm up (DW); dynamic+static warm up (DSW).

Results: The effect of the four stretching and warm up protocols were analysed by an ANOVA for repeated measures (WS x SS x DW x DSW). After stretching and warm up protocols, 30 m. sprint values are statistically significance (p<0.05). There was find statistically significant between WS and DSW, SS and DW, DW and DSW (p<0.05). There were no significant difference is found on flexibility values between four stretching and warm up protocols (p>0.05). There was only significant difference is found between WS and SS (p<0.05). Altough leg strength performance wasn’t statistically significant (p>0.05), there was found significant differences between WS and DSW, SS and DSW in favour of DSW (p<0.05). Other parameters like vertical jump, balance and back strength performance weren’t statistically significant after four stretching and warm up protocols.

Conclusions: Consequently it is suggested for coaches and judokas that SS are required for developing flexibility performance and DSW can suggest for leg strength improvement.
Does an acute bout of high intensity interval exercise suppress appetite in obese women?
Authors: Khalaj Sepideh , Mirzaei Bahman
Published: March 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the 24 hour response of appetite and energy intake and the amount of Agouti-Related Protein to the high intensity interval exercise in obese untrained women.

Methods: Ten obese untrained women were voluntarily selected according to the criteria of the research and evaluated in two experimental and control sessions. Blood samples were collected in two sessions of control and experimental group in five stages. Also, the appetite questionnaire was completed in 9 steps. Also, energy intake was recorded by them during the day.

Results: Agouti-Related Protein increased significantly in experimental session immediately after exercise compared to the control session (p<0.05). In the Visual analog scale, the feeling of hunger and desire to eat decreased significantly immediately after exercise and before lunch in the experimental session (p<0.05). While feeling of satiety and fullness were significantly higher immediately after exercise and before lunch (p<0.05), in other words, the desire to eat was reduced. Also, exercise significantly reduced energy intake in the experimental session compared to control session (p<0.05). The amount of protein consumption, carbohydrate, and fat decreased in the experimental session compared to the control session, but this decrease was not statistically significant (p>0.05).

Conclusions: Although a session of high intensity interval exercise resulted in reduced energy intake, but this reduction was not related to just one macronutrient. Hunger and desire to eat decreased after exercise and before lunch but the Agouti-Related Protein increased after exercise.
Cardiovascular, lactate and appetite response to light and spicy music tempo after an endurance swimming protocol in young girls
Authors: Mehrabani Javad , Bagherzadeh Soodabeh , Jorbonian Abuzar , Khaleghi-Mamaghani Eisa , Taghdiri Maryam , Mehdizadeh-Haghighi Mona
Published: March 2020

Background and Study Aim. During exercise, the effects of music on the performance have been previously evaluated. However, the superiority of the type of music and during recovery is not yet clear. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the impact of music with a spicy and light beat on changes in lactate levels, blood pressure, heart rate, and appetite during the recovery period after the endurance swimming. Material and Methods. Thirteen healthy young girls participate in three control and experimental sessions. The participants performed a swimming. Immediately after swimming, they listened to music. Also, evaluations before and after (several times) swimming were performed.Results. Five minutes after swimming there was also a significant difference between the non-sound group with the music groups (p<0.05). Two and 5 minutes after swimming, there was a significant difference between the spicy and light music groups compared to the non-sound group. There was a significant difference between spicy and light music groups at time 10, 15 and 25 minutes. In the 25 minutes after the swim, reducing the heart rate in light music was more than spicy. Also, 10 minutes after swimming, the spicy music group could not cope with the increase in heart rate (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the two music groups in minutes 5, 10 and 15 after swimming (p<0.05).Conclusions. listening to light music during recovery from endurance swimming was associated with decreased lactate levels and heart rate, but listening to spicy music increased heart rate and desire for food.
The Contestation of Muslim and Special Autonomy in Papua
Authors: Pamungkas Cahyo
Published: March 2020

Identitas politik orang Papua dianggap sebagai ras Melanesia dengan ciri-ciri yaitu orang yang berkulit hitam, rambut keriting dan beragama Kristen. Identitas politik semacam itu dipergunakan oleh orang-orang elit Papua sebagai alat perpolitikan, namun politik identitas tersebut menjadi agak berbahaya berkaitan dengan identitas Papua yang inklusif dan toleran. Pada kenyataannya, orang Papua asli dapat dibedakan menurut identitas agama mereka yang terdiri dari orang Kristen, Katolik dan Muslim. Hal tersebut menandakan bahwa ruang perdebatan untuk menentukan politik identitas Papua ditandai dengan proses negosiasi Kristen Papua (orang Papua yang beragama Kristen) dan Muslim Papua (orang Papua yang beragama Islam). Perbedaan penafsiran dari identitas Papua dibangun oleh para intelektual dan elit Papua yang ingin bersinggungan langsung dengan pengembalian identitas asli (re-papuanization). Artikel ini akan mengarah pada metode orang Islam dan Kristen Papua dalam mempertahankan identitas mereka dan mendapatkan pengakuan sebagai bagian dari orang Papua. Artikel ini mencoba menjawab tiga pertanyaan terkait dengan (1) bagaimana Muslim Papua membangun identitas budaya mereka pada masa otonomi khusus; (2) bagaimana Muslim Papua memperjuangkan identitas budaya mereka bersamaan dengan Muslim imigran; dan (3) bagaimana Muslim Papua memperjuangkan identitas budaya mereka bersama dengan orang Kristen Papua.
Eksistensi Civic Engagement dan Elite Integration dalam Konflik Sunni-Syiah di Sampang
Authors: Mujahidah Affaf
Published: March 2020

The conflict between Sunni and Shia groups in Sampang did not take place at once but rather through certain periods of time when each conflict had triggered another conflict. In each period, either the government and religious elite has a pivotal role to evaluate, charge or discharge, civic engagement and elite integration in the conflict process. This article is aimed to analyze the violence against Shia group in three periods of time: pre-conflict, midi-conflict, and post-conflict. The first period started after Kiai Makmun had passed away. The second was when the violence occurred in December 29th 2011 and August 26th 2012. And the third occurred after the violence had taken place. Although the conflict has run for several years, it has not shown the end. In order to explain this problem, this article bases on two hypotheses: first, the conflict has been caused by the absence of civic engagement. And second, which was caused the conflict continuation, has been caused by elite integration, which has never occurred on the society. This article concludes two things: first, civic engagement that can find only intra-communal engagement (intra-community engagement). And second, elite integration cannot be created because Shia’s Kiai had not been legitimized by Sunni’s Kiai.
Ambiguitas Agama sebagai Peluang dalam Menciptakan Perdamaian Agama
Authors: Fauzi Ihsan Ali
Published: March 2020

Popular news on religious issues tends to simplify the values of religion in socio-political expressions. They attend to blow acts of violence up in the name of religion. In this context, media remark some religious groups by using horrible terms and idioms, such as zealots, extremists, militants, etc. Moreover, they swipe it with taking some appalling photos and pictures. Religious leaders perceive this phenomenon as kind of misunderstanding paradigm in approaching and viewing religion, having known that conflict and violence are not only socio-political expression of religion. There are many untold beautiful expressions of religion, like Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Mother Theresa, Malcolm X, and Dalai Lama. This article attempts to explore how religion can deeply be embodied with peace building, conflict management, and peace studies. It suggests that in order to be a tool of peace building, religion should not be used for proselytizing other people but rather should be put in academic and rational way to spread voices of peace. In addition to this, peace message of religion should also be expressed especially in social media as a counteraction against violent message of religious extremists. And the last thing is that peace building can only be achieved when peace work can bridge religious and secular communities.
Relasi Kuasa antara Muslim Ortodoks dan Penghayat Kaweruh Kamanungsan di Banyuwangi dalam Perspektif Ideological State Apparatus Louis Althusser
Authors: Masrifah Lia Hilyatul
Published: March 2020

This article attempts to scrutinize the relation between Orthodox Muslim and the followers of Kaweruh Kamanungsan in Sedoyo, Banyuwangi, East Java. These two religious groups that have two different and opposite ideological perspectives, apparently, have influenced cultural and structural agencies in the village. Having utilized Althusser’s Ideological State Apparatus, the elites of these groups are competing each other to introduce their own ideologies into social institutions like religion, education, family, and legal instruments. As a result, village structures are divided into Muslim and Kaweruh Kamanungsan groups. Evidently, Muslim groups who have vertical link into government and horizontal one into society succeeded to eliminate “deviant” local tradition groups. However, Kaweruh Kamanungsan, as one of local tradition in this village, has survived from the proselytizing program and has successfully built a bridge to eliminate the gap between religious and cultural differences in society.
Pengelolaan Budaya Inklusif Berbasis Nilai Belom Bahadat Pada Huma Betang dan Transformasi Sosial Masyarakat Dayak Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Dakir Dakir
Published: March 2020

This paper aims at analyzing the process of cultural values ​​management of belom bahadat in creating an inclusive cultural life and social transformation in the Dayak community in huma betang using textual analysis method. The results reveal that the management model of cultural consensus of belom bahadat brings about changes in values, perspective and inclusive attitude and the formation of Dayak people's polarization into three models: the formation of inclusive attitude in understanding and accepting social, traditional, cultural and religious differences in family life, society and life of nation. This change strengthens the social integration between individuals and groups of different tribes, ethnics, cultural and religious groups in family life, society and nation. It also prevents the growth of radicalism and terrorism arising from religious figures, humanists and public figures in this modern age.

[Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis proses pengelolaan nilai budaya belom bahadat dalam menciptakan budaya kehidupan inklusif dan transformasi sosial pada masyarakat Dayak di huma betang dengan menggunakan metode analisis teks. Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa model pengelolaan konsensus budaya belom bahadat membawa perubahan nilai, cara pandang dan sikap inklusif dan terbentuknya polarisasi kehidupan masyarakat Dayak ke dalam tiga model yaitu terbentuknya sikap inklusif dalam memahami dan menerima perbedaan sosial, tradisi, budaya dan agama dalam kehidupan keluarga, kehidupan masyarakat dan kehidupan berbangsa. Perubahan ini memperkuat integrasi sosial antar individu dan kelompok yang berbeda suku, etnis, budaya dan agama dalam kehidupan keluarga, masyarakat dan bangsa serta mencegah tumbuhnya radikalisme dan terorisme yang muncul dari kalangan tokoh-tokoh keagamaan, budayawan dan tokoh masyarakat di era modernisasi ini.]
Muslim Paruh Waktu di SMAN 6 dan SMKN 2 Kota Padang
Authors: Ashadi Andri
Published: March 2020

Some Islamic programs both in SMAN 6 nor in SMKN 2 such as Muslim-Muslim clothing, learning of Islamic Religion and Character Education are not only aimed at Muslim students but also involve non-Muslim (Christian) students. In this position, Christian students are faced with a conflict of identity. On the one hand, they are not possible to establish Islamic identity as Muslim students because the religion is a dogma that does not cast doubt. On the other hand, they were almost impossible to get out of various Islamic programs because it was a regional policy and in the public schools was embodied in various rules and rule of schools. This paper presents a study of how they imitate the Islamic identity of the school's public space and how they interpret the imitation process. Based on the results of observations, interviews, and FGDs with schools, Christian students, their parents, Padang City Christian religious leaders and Padang City Education Office, this paper concludes that Christian students try to imitate "like" Muslim students. It's just they behave "like" Muslim students are more meaningful than self-adjustment which has nothing to do with religion. While religion is interpreted as faith and belief and that is the reality of religion.

[Beberapa program keislaman baik di SMAN 6 maupun di SMKN 2 seperti kewajiban berbusana muslim-muslimah, kultum dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Budi Pekerti tidak hanya ditujukan terhadap siswa muslim, namun juga melibatkan siswa non-muslim (Kristen). Dalam posisi tersebut siswa Kristen dihadapkan pada benturan identitas. Di satu sisi, mereka tidak mungkin untuk menjati-dirikan identitas keislaman sebagaimana layaknya siswa muslim lantaran agama adalah dogma yang tidak meruangkan keragu-raguan. Mereka hampir tidak mungkin pula keluar dari berbagai program keislaman lantaran hal tersebut merupakan kebijakan daerah dan di sekolah-sekolah umum negeri dijelmakan dalam berbagai aturan dan tata tertib sekolah. Paper ini menghadirkan kajian tentang bagaimana mereka meniru identitas keislaman ruang publik sekolah dan bagaimana pula mereka memaknai proses peniruan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil-hasil observasi, wawancara, dan FGD dengan pihak sekolah, siswa Kristen, para orang tua mereka, pemuka agama Kristen Kota Padang dan Dinas Pendidikan Kota Padang, paper ini menyimpulkan bahwa bahwa siswa Kristen berusaha meniru untuk “seperti” siswa muslim. Hanya saja berperilaku “seperti” siswa muslim lebih mereka maknai sebatas penyesuaian diri yang tidak ada hubungannya dengan agama. Sementara agama dimaknai sebagai iman dan keyakinan dan itulah agama yang sesungguhnya.]
Eksistensi Warok Dan Gemblak di tengah Masyarakat Muslim Ponorogo Tahun 1960-1980
Authors: Krismawati Nia Ulfia , Warto Warto , Suryani Nunuk
Published: March 2020

Warok is a central figure in the life of Ponorogo Society. The existence, authority, and high social status became a social capital in the perpetuating of an ideology of kanuragan. The groups of Warok has believed that a woman is a source of weakness for mysticists that forces them to resist the lust and avoid a woman. Some of Warok presented a figure of gemblak as diversion of lust as well as an assistant in the various activities. The “menggemblak” behavior was considered not in accordance with religious values and norms because it leads to deviant practices. This study is aimed to analyze the existence of warok and gemblak in the social structure of Ponorogo society and how warok attempted to perpetuate gemblak tradition among the Muslim society as majority. The result showed that the strategic position, social status, and power to influence in the social structure became the social capital to socialize the practice of ablution as kanuragan ideology and it is normal. Meanwhile, the Islamic efforts in shifting the gemblak tradition were carried out through modification of Reog which is considered as an appropriate means of conveying religious values
Humanisme dalam Serat Jangka Jayabaya Perspektif Javanese Wordview
Authors: Sasmita Gusti Garnis , Joebagio Hermanu , Sariyatun Sariyatun
Published: March 2020

Serat Jangka Jayabaya is a literary work that can be used as a source of historical learning. The local genius of Javanese worldview is reflected in humanism values in the manuscript. Which is much misunderstood by most people even historians. This study uses qualitative research methods that reveal the value of Jayabaya humanism based on content, authorship and axiological manuscripts through interviews and literature studies. The results show that the concept of "jangka" is the guidance as well as the control of Java society in viewing various social phenomena. The guidelines are summarized in the concept of humanism values reflected as knowledge, equity, equality, dignity, and moral ethics.
Konversi Agama pada Masyarakat Minangkabau
Authors: Ilahi Kurnial
Published: March 2020

I

Indonesia is one of the countries with a background of people who have different religious beliefs. So in social life, it is very necessary. Community life with different beliefs, it is able to influence self-confidence to change beliefs. This also happened to the people of West Sumatra who had a religious philosophy of life. This research is a descriptive study, using interview analysis techniques and direct observation of the sample of research, namely scholars and religious figures in West Sumatra. Based on the results of the study, it was found that religious conversion occurred in West Sumatra that causes the decreasing of Islamic religions number and the increasing growth of Christianity. The religious conversion occurs because of several influential factors. Factors that cause religious conversion to Minangkabau people from Islam to Christianity include (1) West Sumatra and the Minangkabau tribe are the main targets of International Christianization (2) Development of educational facilities and infrastructure. Social and health service units (3) Educational background, experience, social and social environment (4) Marital status and family relationships.

[Indonesia merupakan salah satu Negara dengan latar belakang masyarakat yang memiliki keyakinan beragama berbeda-beda, sehingga dalam kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat sangat diperlukan. Kehidupan bermasyarakat dengan keyakinan yang berbeda, maka mampu mempengaruhi keyakinan diri untuk berpindah keyakinan. Hal ini juga terjadi pada masyarakat Sumatra Barat yang memiliki falsafah kehidupan yang agamis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, menggunakan teknik analisis wawancara dan observasi langsung terhadap sampel penelitian yaitu ulama dan tokoh-tokoh agama di Sumatera Barat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa konversi agama banyak terjadi d Sumatera Barat, hal ini ditandai dengan menurunnya jumlah agama Islam dan meningkatnya pertumbuhan agama Kristen. Terjadinya konversi agama banyak dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, Faktor-faktor penyebab konversi agama pada masyarakat suku Minangkabau dari pemeluk Islam menjadi pemeluk Kristen diantaranya (1) Sumatra Barat dan masyarakat suku Minangkabau menjadi target utama Kristenisasi Internasional, (2) Pembangunan sarana dan prasarana pendidikan, unit pelayanan sosial dan kesehatan, (3) Latar belakang pendidikan, pengalaman, lingkungan sosial dan pergaulan, (4) Status perkawinan dan hubungan keluarga.]
Kontribusi Aliansi Ulama Madura (AUMA) dalam Merespons Isu Keislaman dan Keumatan di Pamekasan Madura
Authors: A'la Abd , Mukarrom Ahwan , Zamzami Mukhammad
Published: March 2020

This article analyzes the contributions of the kiais who are members of the Aliansi Ulama Madura (AUMA) in responding to Islamic and publicity issues in the Pamekasan region. This organization was born after the stagnation of the Badan Silaturahmi Ulama Pesantren Madura (BASSRA) organization in guarding the issues of religiousness and Islam. They are committed to fighting for Islamic da‘wah which is kāffah; an agenda to optimize the concept of amr ma‘rūf nahy munkar collectively and sincerely in order to uphold the motto of the development of Pamekasan based on Islam. In the field of Islam, their vision is to anticipate and avoid Indonesia, especially the Madurese, from all kinds of deviations of teachings and religious beliefs, both Shī‘ah, Wahabi, Liberal, and Blasphemy (SYIBILIP). Not only in the field of Islam, but this organization also contributes in the political sphere. This can be referred to the strategic roles and functions of those who actively involve themselves in many political dynamics, both at the regional and central levels. At the regional level, the political roles and strategic functions of these organizations are clearly illustrated in the political cooperation they build with elite political parties at the regional level. While at the national level, the strategic role of this organization is indicated by their involvement in national leadership contestation.

[Artikel ini menganalisis kontribusi para ulama yang tergabung dalam wadah Aliansi Ulama Madura (AUMA) dalam merespons isu keislaman dan keumatan di wilayah Pamekasan. Organisasi ini lahir pasca mandeknya organisasi Badan Silaturahmi Ulama Pesantren Madura (BASSRA) dalam mengawal isu keumatan dan keislaman. Mereka berkomitmen memperjuangkan dakwah Islam kāffah; sebuah agenda menjalankan amr ma‘rūf nahy munkar secara kolektif dan demi menegakkan jargon pembangunan Pamekasan yang berasaskan Islam. Dalam bidang keislaman, visi mereka adalah mengantisipasi dan menghindarkan Indonesia, khususnya masyarakat Madura, dari segala ragam deviasi ajaran dan paham kegamaaan, baik Shī‘ah, Wahabi, Liberal, dan penistaan agama (SYIBILIP). Tidak hanya bidang keislaman, AUMA juga bergerak di wilayah politis. Hal ini dapat dirujuk pada peran dan fungsi strategis mereka yang aktif melibatkan diri dalam banyak dinamika politik, baik di level daerah maupun pusat. Di level daerah, peran dan fungsi strategis politik organisasi ini terilustrasi secara jelas dalam kerja sama politik yang mereka bangun bersama elit partai politik di tingkat daerah. Sedangkan di level nasional, peran strategis organisasi ini mereka tunjukkkan melalui keterlibatan diri dalam kontestasi kepemimpinan nasional.]
Diskursus Gerakan Salamullah Lia Eden
Authors: Mujahidah Affaf
Published: March 2020

Indonesia has been overcrowded by spiritual movements which provide a quest for spiritual satisfaction. Among all spiritual movement in Indonesia, Salamullah was a few leads by a woman. Lia Eden, her original name is Lia Aminuddin, took a significant role in the new spiritual movement in Indonesia. Interestingly, in patriarchal culture as in Indonesia, Lia Eden has successfully gained followers from both sexes. The question then arises, what kind of pedagogical method she used to gain followers? How Salamullah treat followers from different sexes? Are there any differences? This paper is aim to answer those questions based on spirituality, pedagogy, and Salamullah as a counter-public movement. The narration of Salamullah movement will be started from its history which then continued by the pedagogical approach used by Salamullah, and the next narration will examine the position of Salamullah as a counter-public movement.

[Telah sejak lama gerakan spiritual meramaikan kontestasi agama di Negara Indonesia. masifnya gerakan spiritual di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari upaya untuk memenuhi kepuasan secara spiritual. Menariknya, dari sekian banyak gerakan spiritual yang berkembang di Indonesia, terdapat Salamullah yang dipimpin oleh seorang perempuan. Lia Aminuddin, atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Lia Eden memiliki peran yang sangat signifikan dalam gerakan spiritual di Indonesia sebagai salah satu pendobrak sistem keagamaan yang telah lama dikuasai oleh kekuasaan patriarki. Terlebih lagi, Lia Eden dapat menarik pengikut dari kedua gender, laki-laki maupun perempuan. Pertanyaan yang muncul kemudian adalah narasi apa yang ia gunakan untuk menarik para pengikut? Bagaimana Salamullah memperlakukan pengikut dari gender yang berbeda? Apakah mereka diperlakukan dengan sama? Makalah ini mencoba menjawabnya melalui tema spiritualitas, narasi, dan gerakan Salamullah sebagai suatu counter-public. Penjelasan akan diawali dengan sejarah singkat Salamullah yang dilanjutkan dengan penjabaran narasi yang digunakan oleh Lia Eden, serta diakhiri dengan analisis gerakan Salamullah sebagai suatu counter-public.]
Konstruksi Nilai Inklusif Tokoh Agama dalam Memandang Pluralitas Agama di Kediri
Authors: Umam Khaerul
Published: March 2020

Religious view toward other different groups often lead to conflicts. The ability of a religious person to view differences as a gift shows a high level of religious awareness. However, religious diversity often becomes a challenge when it deals with economic and political interests. Through phenomenological approach, this study aims to see the construction of the inclusive value of religious leaders in Kediri. This research found that the construction of inclusive values has been shaped by three main factors: (1) social culture which improves values ?and norms encouraging individual behaviour and attitudes; (2) historical factors, and (3) religious experience, namely a practice and behavior of the religious leaders.
Migrations and girl child rights in Europe. An anthropological perspective for agenda 2030 SDG5 implementation
Authors: Binazzi Alice
Published: March 2020

International legal standards for children’s rights and Girl Child Rights, strengthened by the global commitment of Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development and its SDG5 on gender equality set, as a priority, the elimination of all forms of violence against girl children and girl adolescents. Among them, harmful traditional practices, including child, forced and early marriage and female genital mutilations (FGMs), tend to re-produce, increasingly, in European countries, in connection to migration processes and the extensión of habitats of meaning, therefore, representing a new challenge for States, receiving significant migration flows. In this framework, our anthropology of implementation work, by a gendered qualitative approach, aims at shedding light on this topic, proposing the case of France, in comparison to the on-going debate in other European countries and reflecting on the role of institutions and the close relationship between culture and legislation for implementation.
Violencia de género y trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual. Vulnerabilidad de las mujeres inmigrantes en su paso por Melilla y norte de África
Authors: Lara Palacios María Del Águila , Monreal Gimeno María Del Carmen , Sánchez Fernández Sebastián
Published: March 2020

La finalidad de la investigación es visibilizar todos los ámbitos que conforman la trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual, así como la situación que viven las personas inmigrantes en su paso por el norte de África hasta llegar a Melilla. Para ello hemos utilizado una metodología comparativa de las normativas existentes a nivel internacional, europeo, nacional y autonómico de la ciudad de Melilla, junto con la información obtenida de la observación directa. Las conclusiones principales son: La trata de personas con estos fines está directamente relacionada, con las desigualdades de género llevados al extremo, roles de género asociados al sexo, los conceptos de trata de personas con estos fines y prostitución son confundidos, y, en la ciudad de Melilla no ha existido aún un plan de acción contra la trata.
Study of the perceptions of the educational environment among undergraduate medical students of Taylor’s University
Authors: Min Thein Win , Gamini Sirisinghe Roland , Elsayed Mohamed Ali Abdou Ihab , Samraj Prakash Earnest Benjamin , Pwint Phyu Khine , Lwin Tint , Bhargava Prabal , Yin Sear Lim
Published: March 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. A conducive educational environment is vital to successful learning. Perception of students about their particular educational environment may vary depending on their educational background, gender, level of study, and many other factors. Awareness and understanding of the students' perception of educational environment are a key to improve our teaching and learning environment. The aim of the study was to determine the perception of undergraduate medical students of Taylor's University, Malaysia on their educational environment. A cross sectional cohort study was conducted among preclinical and clinical students simultaneously at Taylor's University, School of Medicine in July 2019. Overall total scores of perceptions (136.55 ± 19.6) and those for the subscales were very satisfactory and similar to those of other local universities as well as international universities. There was a significant difference between preclinical and clinical students in two domains; Perception of Course Organizers and Academic Self-Perception, with higher scores among clinical students in all. There was a significant difference between students with Grade 'B' and those with Grade 'C' in the mean total score and Perceptions of Atmosphere. These results, in spite of being satisfactory, urge us to seek methods of and opportunities for further enhancement of the students' education environment.
Minor psychic disorders in nursing workers at a psychiatric hospital
Authors: Oliveira Elias Barbosa de , Silva Silvia Regina Carvalho de Souza da , Sora Alcilea Barbosa de , Oliveira Tatiane Souza de , Valério Raphael Lopes , Dias Lucas Barbosa Santos
Published: March 2020

Abstract Objective: To describe the frequency of suspicion of minor psychic disorders and their symptoms in nursing workers at a psychiatric hospital. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out in 2018 with nursing workers at a psychiatric hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected by using an instrument with sociodemographic, work, and health variables. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used to verify minor psychic disorders. Results: Ninety workers participated in the study. The frequency of minor psychic disorders in the sample was equal to 32.2%. The questions that showed the highest frequencies of affirmative answers were: “Do you feel nervous, tense, or worried?” (51.1%), “Dou you often have headaches?” (41.1%), “Is your daily working suffering?” (37.8%), “Do you have uncomfortable feelings in your stomach?” (36.7%), “Do you find it difficult to enjoy your daily activities?” (27.8%), and “Are you unable to play a useful part in life?” (22.2%). Conclusion: The predominance of symptoms of reduced vital energy and somatization suggest stress and risk of mental disorders.
A Global Constraint for the Exact Cover Problem: Application to Conceptual Clustering
Authors: Chabert Maxime , Solnon Christine
Published: March 2020

We introduce the exactCover global constraint dedicated to the exact cover problem, the goal of which is to select subsets such that each element of a given set belongs to exactly one selected subset. This NP-complete problem occurs in many applications, and we more particularly focus on a conceptual clustering application.

We introduce three propagation algorithms for exactCover, called Basic, DL, and DL+: Basic ensures the same level of consistency as arc consistency on a classical decomposition of exactCover into binary constraints, without using any specific data structure; DL ensures the same level of consistency as Basic but uses Dancing Links to efficiently maintain the relation between elements and subsets; and DL+ is a stronger propagator which exploits an extra property to filter more values than DL.

We also consider the case where the number of selected subsets is constrained to be equal to a given integer variable k, and we show that this may be achieved either by combining exactCover with existing constraints, or by designing a specific propagator that integrates algorithms designed for the NValues constraint.

These different propagators are experimentally evaluated on conceptual clustering problems, and they are compared with state-of-the-art declarative approaches. In particular, we show that our global constraint is competitive with recent ILP and CP models for mono-criterion problems, and it has better scale-up properties for multi-criteria problems.
Late-Onset Immunotherapy Toxicity and Delayed Autoantibody Changes: Checkpoint Inhibitor–Induced Raynaud's-Like Phenomenon
Authors: Khan Shaheen , von Itzstein Mitchell S. , Lu Rong , Bermas Bonnie L. , Karp David R. , Khan Saad A. , Fattah Farjana J. , Park Jason Y. , Saltarski Jessica M. , Gloria-McCutchen Yvonne , Xie Yang , Li Quan-Zhen , Wakeland Edward K. , Gerber David E.
Published: March 2020

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced immune-related adverse events (irAEs) may affect almost any organ system and occur at any point during therapy. Autoantibody analysis may provide insight into the mechanism, nature, and timing of these events. We report a case of ICI-induced late-onset Raynaud's-like phenomenon in a patient receiving combination immunotherapy. A 53-year-old woman with advanced non-small lung cancer received combination anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and anti-programmed death 1 ICI therapy. She developed early (hypophysitis at 4 months) and late (Raynaud's at >20 months) irAEs. Longitudinal assessment of 124 autoantibodies was correlated with toxicity. Although autoantibody levels were generally stable for the first 18 months of therapy, shortly before the development of Raynaud's, a marked increase in multiple autoantibodies was observed. This case highlights the potential for delayed autoimmune toxicities and provides potential biologic insights into the dynamic nature of these events.

Key Points

A patient treated with dual anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 therapy developed Raynaud's-like signs and symptoms more than 18 months after starting therapy. In this case, autoantibody changes became apparent shortly before onset of clinical toxicity. This case highlights the potential for late-onset immune-related adverse events checkpoint inhibitors, requiring continuous clinical vigilance. The optimal duration of checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with profound and prolonged responses remains unclear.