bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporally Consistent Present Population from Mobile Network Signaling Data for Official Statistics
Authors: Suarez Castillo Milena , Sémécurbe Francois , Ziemlicki Cezary , Tao Haixuan Xavier , Seimandi Tom
Published: December 2023

Mobile network data records are promising for measuring temporal changes in present populations. This promise has been boosted since high-frequency passively-collected signaling data became available. Its temporal event rate is considerably higher than that of Call Detail Records – on which most of the previous literature is based. Yet, we show it remains a challenge to produce statistics consistent over time, robust to changes in the “measuring instruments” and conveying spatial uncertainty to the end user. In this article, we propose a methodology to estimate – consistently over several months – hourly population presence over France based on signaling data spatially merged with fine-grained official population counts. We draw particular attention to consistency at several spatial scales and over time and to spatial mapping reflecting spatial accuracy. We compare the results with external references and discuss the challenges which remain. We argue data fusion approaches between fine-grained official statistics data sets and mobile network data, spatially merged to preserve privacy, are promising for future methodologies.
Application of Sampling Variance Smoothing Methods for Small Area Proportion Estimation
Authors: You Yong , Hidiroglou Mike
Published: December 2023

Sampling variance smoothing is an important topic in small area estimation. In this article, we propose sampling variance smoothing methods for small area proportion estimation. In particular, we consider the generalized variance function and design effect methods for sampling variance smoothing. We evaluate and compare the smoothed sampling variances and small area estimates based on the smoothed variance estimates through analysis of survey data from Statistics Canada. The results from real data analysis and simulation study indicate that the proposed sampling variance smoothing methods perform very well for small area estimation.
Pengaruh Layanan Bimbingan Klasikal dengan Teknik Jigsaw terhadap Kemampuan Regulasi Diri Siswa Kelas VII SMP Kesatrian 1 Semarang
Authors: Azmi Khanunin Ni'mah  , Eka Sari Setianingsih  , Farikha Wahyu Lestari
Published: December 2023

Penelitian pengaruh layanan bimbingan klasikal dengan teknik jigsaw terhadap kemampuan regu;asi diri siswa kelas VII SMP Kesatrian 1 Semarang ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya siswa yang mengalami rendahnya regulasi diri pada setiap siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh layanan bimbingan klasikal dengan teknik jigsaw terhadap kemampuan regulasi diri siswa. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Kesatrian 1 Semarang dengan jumlah siswa 94. Pada penelitian ini diambil dalam satu kelas dengan jumlah 26 siswa yang dilakukan untuk tryout. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 70 siswa yang diambil dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pre eksperimental design dengan desain penelitian one group pretest posttest design. Dalam penelitian ini disebarkan angket yang harus diisi oleh siswa sebelum adanya perlakuan dengan menggunakan layanan bimbingan klasikal dengan teknik jigsaw sebanyak 5 kali pertemuan dan diberikan angket kembali setelah perlakuan sehingga dapat dilihat apakah ada perbedaan antara hasil pretest dan posttest. Hasil pretest yang didapatkan adalah terdapat 5 siswa yang memiliki regulasi diri yang kurang dan 18 siswa memiliki regulasi diri yang tinggi, sedangkan setelah diberikan perlakukan dan hasil posttest didapatkan 23 siswa dengan regulasi diri yang tinggi. Dengan demikian seluruh kelas dengan jumlah 23 setelah diberikan perlakukan dengan layanan bimbingan klasikal dengan teknik jigsaw dapat meningkatkan regulasi diri pada siswa kelas VII SMP Kesatrian 1 Semarang. Data yang dihasilkan diolah menggunakan aplikasi SPSS ver.25 dengan hhasil analisis penelitian ini diketahui nilai uji hipotesis menggunakan uji paired sample t test diperoleh nilai signifikansi (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan Ha dan Ho ditolak yang berarti “Ada pengaruh layanan bimbingan klasikal dengan teknik jigsaw terhadap kemampuan regulasi diri siswa kelas VII SMP Kesatrian 1 Semarang.”
Ansätze zur empirischen Forschung in der Klientenzentrierten Psychotherapie in Österreich
Authors: File Norbert , Keil Wolfgang W. , Schabus Manuel , Sauer Joachim
Published: December 2023

Nach einer einleitenden kurzen Übersicht über die bisherige empirische Forschung in der Klientenzentrierten Psychotherapie weltweit und über Forschungsansätze im Rahmen der österreichischen Vereinigung ÖGWG werden zwei von der ÖGWG durchgeführte empirische Untersuchungen dargestellt. Die demographisch ausgerichtete Studie 1 sollte eine Bestandsaufnahme der Klientenzentrierten Therapie in Österreich ermöglichen. Dabei konnten in die statistische Erhebung 2028 KlientInnen und 68 (von 468 angeschriebenen) TherapeutInnen einbezogen werden. Nach Ausschluss von 50 Datensätzen von Lehrtherapien ergaben sich u. a. als häufigste Diagnosen Anpassungsstörungen (F43; 24 %), Depression (F32, F33; 22 %) und Angststörungen (F40, F41; 12 %), während 9 % kein krankheitswertiges Therapiemotiv aufwiesen. Bei Studie 2, eine Prozess- und Outcome-Evaluation, sollten sowohl Symptomveränderungen als auch Veränderungen im emotionalen Erleben untersucht werden. Dazu wurden zu drei Messzeitpunkten (Beginn, 15. Stunde und Ende der Therapie) das Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) und die „Skalen zum Erleben von Emotionen“ (SEE) verwendet. Bei 44 evaluierten Datensätzen von KlientInnen ergaben sich u. a. signifikante Veränderungen bei allen Skalen des BSI sowie positive Veränderungen beim SEE bereits bis zur 15. Therapiestunde. Zum Therapieende weisen v. a. die BSI-Daten auf eine, nicht nur statistisch signifikante, sondern auch klinisch bedeutsame Veränderung der betreffenden KlientInnen hin.
Team, Front cover, Editorial information, Table of Content, Back Cover
Authors: Editor Journal
Published: December 2023

Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan. 2015. Volume 1 Nomor 1.

Front cover, Editorial information, Table of Content, Back Cover
The system of characters in the novel «Erenger» by Mari writer M. Shketan
Authors: Belyaeva Tatyana Nikolaevna , Guseva Nadezhda Vasilevna
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of the correlation of characters with each other, their individual characteristics in the novel by Yakov Pavlovich Mayorov (pen name is Shketan) «Erener». The artistic significance of literary characters in revealing the ideological and thematic content of the work, its problems, ways of expressing their character are revealed. Such heroes as Evai Petr, Vanka Savelyev, Verush, Orina, Shamrai Shumat, Klavdia Algaeva, being in the center of the prose writer’s attention and having a firm character and strong will, are actively transform the artistic reality. Through actions, deeds performed, external and internal manifestations of the personality of the main character Evai Petyr, the author’s basic concept of peace and man in it is expressed. This large art canvas reflects the history, life, culture of the Mari people of the early 20th century; the spiritual appearance and character of the Soviet people. The writer managed to reveal the individual originality of the character traits of each hero of the work, psychologically subtly outline his inner world, thoughts and experiences. Revealing the fate of typical heroes of different social strata: the social formation of communists, rural intelligentsia, wealthier peasants and merchants, poor peasants who were the first to support Soviet regime, M. Shketan tells about the life of the Mari people in the period before the October Revolution of 1917, in the first decade of Soviet regime. The wide coverage of political, social problems and deep coverage of life processes in all their complexity and versatility, a vivid character system determined the artistic significance of the work. The main feature in the depiction of the novel’s characters is that their life is shown in a creative relationship: influencing each other, changing the social system, the way of life, they change the heroes themselves.
Combined factor V and factor VIII deficiency
Authors: Яковлева Е.В. , Зозуля Н.И.
Published: December 2023

Наследственный сочетанный дефицит факторов свертывания крови V (FV) и VIII (FVIII) является редкой наследственной коагулопатией. Недостаточность публикаций об этом заболевании в Российской Федерации создает препятствие оказанию помощи таким больным. В большинстве случаев диагностика наследственного сочетанного дефицита FV и FVIII и назначение необходимой терапии являются запоздалыми, что ухудшает прогноз заболевания и качество жизни больных. В обзоре представлены данные о распространенности, этиопатогенезе, наследовании, клинических проявлениях и лечении наследcтвенного сочетанного дефицита FV и FVIII. Combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII is a rare congenital bleeding disorder. Scarcity of publications on the subject in Russia impedes spreading of essential knowledge required for timely diagnosis and proper treatment, which exacerbates the prognosis and deteriorates patients’ quality of life. This review aims to present data on the prevalence, etiopathogenesis, inheritance, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic options of the combined factor V and factor VIII deficiency.

Combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII is a rare congenital bleeding disorder. Scarcity of publications on the subject in Russia impedes spreading of essential knowledge required for timely diagnosis and proper treatment, which exacerbates the prognosis and deteriorates patients’ quality of life. This review aims to present data on the prevalence, etiopathogenesis, inheritance, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic options of the combined factor V and factor VIII deficiency.
Prevention of hemophilic arthropathy and peculiarities of rehabilitation at different stages of its development
Authors: Зоренко В.Ю. , Полянская Т.Ю. , Садыкова Н.В. , Карпов Е.Е.
Published: December 2023

Кровоизлияния в крупные суставы относятся к наиболее распространенным клиническим проявлениям гемофилии. При развитии гемартроза запускается патогенетический каскад, приводящий к развитию гемофилической артропатии, для предотвращения развития которой необходима адекватная профилактическая гемостатическая терапия. Одним из основных принципов ведения больных гемофилией является незамедлительное лечение эпизодов кровотечения с последующим аблюдением, занятиями лечебной физкультурой и реабилитацией. В обзоре обсуждаются вопросы безопасности реабилитации, применения индивидуальных программ реабилитации, повышения приверженности пациентов лечению. С целью профилактической гемостатической терапии, позволяющей пациентам вести активный образ жизни, может эффективно применяться пролонгированный фактор свертывания крови VIII — эфмороктоког альфа, эффективность которого показана в ряде клинических исследований. В обзоре представлены клинические наблюдения успешного применения эфмороктокога альфа у пациентов с гемофилией и гемартрозами.

Hemorrhages in large joints are among the most common clinical manifestations of hemophilia. With the development of hemarthrosis, a pathogenetic cascade is launched, which leads to the development of hemophilic arthropathy, to prevent the development of which adequate preventive hemostatic therapy is necessary. One of the main principles of hemophilia patient management is the immediate treatment of bleeding episodes, followed by observation, exercise therapy and rehabilitation. The review discusses the safety of rehabilitation, the use of individual rehabilitation programs, and increasing patient adherence to treatment. For the purpose of preventive hemostatic therapy, allowing patients to lead an active lifestyle, prolonged blood coagulation factor VIII — efmoroctocog alpha, which effectiveness has been shown in a number of clinical studies, can be effectively used. The review presents clinical observations of the successful efmoroctocog alfa use in patients with hemophilia and hemarthrosis.
Experience in organizing nutritional support in cancer patients at the Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre
Authors: Potapov Aleksandr L. , Аgababyan Tatev A. , Dorozhkin Artem D. , Pimonova Irina S. , Nevolskikh Aleksey A. , Ivanov Sergey A. , Kaprin Andrey D.
Published: December 2023

Literature data and own experience of nutritional support in oncology has been analyzed. Nutritional support is an integral part of the management of cancer patients. Diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies is important, with an accent on early detection of muscle loss and severely malnourished patients. The main methods of nutritional support are oral nutritional supplements, enteral and parenteral nutrition, as well as dietary advice and maintenance of physical activity. Oral nutrition should always be used in the absence of absolute contraindications. The effectiveness and indications of prehabilitation measures require further study, but now it is possible to single out a category of patients in whom they can be fully implemented. It can be cases requiring neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Remote pre-habilitation in patients with cachexia and resectable gastric cancer: a case series
Authors: Boldyreva Tatyana S. , Lyadov Vladimir K. , Derevyashkina Galina V. , Shestakova Valeriia A. , Gorshkov Alexander Yu. , Zyatenkova Elena V. , Procenko Elena V.
Published: December 2023

Background. The high rate of functional impairment and nutritional deficiency in patients with localized and locally advanced gastric tumors led to the concept of "pre-habilitation". Multimodal pre-habilitation refers to a combination of physical therapy, nutritional support, and psychological counseling during the preparation of patients for antitumor treatment.
Aim. To present the outcomes of patients with cachexia after the program of remote multimodal pre-habilitation before surgical treatment of gastric cancer.
Materials and methods. The outcomes of 10 patients with resectable gastric cancer and cancer cachexia were analyzed. Patients underwent comprehensive preoperative preparation, including nutritional support, physical therapy, and remote psychological counseling.
Results. There was an improvement in functional parameters: an increase in walking speed in 8 patients, an increase in hand grip strength measured by dynamometry in 7 patients, and an increase in exercise tolerance in 2 patients. No early or late postoperative complications were reported.
Conclusion. Multimodal remote pre-habilitation is a promising option for preparing patients with cachexia for surgical treatment of gastric cancer.
CT sarcometry in the prediction of postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Agababyan Tatev A. , Kukarskaya Valeria A. , Silanteva Natalya K. , Potapov Aleksandr L. , Skoropad Vitaliy Yu. , Sheberova Elisaveta V. , Dorozhkin Artem D. , Ivanov Sergey А. , Kaprin Andrey D.
Published: December 2023

Aim. Computed tomographic preoperative assessment of sarcopenia in patients with gastric cancer as a part of combined treatment and the study of the relationship between sarcopenia and postoperative complications.
Materials and methods. We analyzed retrospectively the data of 65 patients with morphologically verified diagnosis of stage IIA–IIIC gastric cancer. All patients at stage I of the combined treatment received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) according to the FLOT regimen, and then a gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection was performed. Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed before NCT initiation and 3.5 to 5 weeks after NCT completion for preoperative staging and assessment of tumor response. Using the obtained CT data, CT sarcometry was performed by calculating the cross-sectional area of skeletal muscles at the LIII vertebra level and the “skeletal-muscular index”. Postoperative complications were assessed using the Clavien–Dindo classification. Non-parametric comparison methods were used to assess the significance of differences between groups and subgroups (Wilcoxon T-test, Pearson χ2 test). Differences were considered statistically significant at p0.05.
Results. We analyzed the incidence of sarcopenia in the examined patients before the NCT and immediately before the surgery. Sarcopenia was noted in 41 (63.1%) of 65 patients before NCT and in 50 (76.9%) patients after NCT, which indicates its high prevalence in patients with stomach cancer and the adverse effect of NCT on the muscular status of patients (76.9% versus 63.1%). Postoperative complications were diagnosed in 12 of 65 patients (18.5%). The rate of postoperative complications in patients with and without sarcopenia was not statistically significantly different (p=0.392); however, complications of Clavien–Dindo grade ≥IIIb occurred only in patients with sarcopenia (p0.001).
Conclusion. According to our data, NCT in gastric cancer aggravates preoperative nutritional disorders. CT, as a standard method of staging and assessing the tumor response to NCT for gastric cancer, provides a tool to assess the state of muscle mass in patients before and after NCT. Preoperative sarcopenia is a risk factor for severe postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy.
Nutritional support in oncology: the place of parenteral nutrition (literature review)
Authors: Pasechnik Igor N. , Skobelev Evgeny I. , Boldyreva Tatyana S.
Published: December 2023

Currently nutritional support is considered as one of the most important components of the treatment of cancer patients. This is due to the positive effect of correction of nutritional status on the course of the underlying disease, the tolerability of antitumor treatment, rehabilitation measures and quality of life. The most important principle of nutritional support is its continuity at all stages of the patient's curation: polyclinic, inpatient, rehabilitation. The purpose of the review was to discuss nutritional support for cancer patients with an emphasis on parenteral nutrition. Out of more than 120 initially selected literature sources from various databases (Scopus, Web of science, RSCI, etc.), 55 sources were left for analysis mainly over the past 5 years, earlier publications were used while maintaining their informativeness for clinicians. The modern concept of parenteral nutrition implies the appointment of drugs “three in one”. Parenteral nutrition should include not only macronutrients, but also micronutrients: fat- and water-soluble vitamins, ω-3 fatty acids. It has been established that the development of infectious complications with nutritional support is not related to its type, but to the calorie intake. The issues of additional parenteral nutrition with inadequate enteral nutrition are examined. The clinician should personalize nutritional support taking into account the type of tumor process, its stage, the characteristics of the patient and the severity of eating disorders. During the treatment of patients with oncological diseases, it is necessary to assess the state of their nutritional status and, if necessary, carry out correction. The doctor is obliged to choose the optimal way to provide the patient with energy and plastic materials – oral supplemental nutrition, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition or a combination of them. Clinical practice shows that the rejection of parenteral nutrition is accompanied by a decrease in the quality of nutritional support. The choice of the type of nutritional support is based on the indications for its implementation, which are detailed in the clinical recommendations. Strict adherence to the algorithm of correction of nutritional status depending on the stage of cancer, the patient's condition, the type of antitumor therapy will optimize the results of treatment and improve the quality of life.
Esophageal anastomosis: experience of open surgery and modern possibilities of video endoscopic technologies. A review
Authors: Nered Sergey N.
Published: December 2023

The weakest link in laparoscopic gastrectomy is the esophageal anastomosis, the reliability of which, despite the large number of proposed techniques, remains insufficient. The article presents modern methods of intracorporeal esophageal anastomosis, assesses their advantages and disadvantages. Almost all techniques use a single-layered, mostly mechanical, suture. The probability of maintaining the tightness of a single-layered esophageal anastomosis in case of its healing by secondary tension is extremely small. The experience of open surgery has shown that the placement of the terminal esophagus and the first layer of sutures of anastomosis in a serous-muscular sheath, which is formed from the wall of the intestine or stomach using invagination or wrapping methods, provides a greater likelihood of maintaining the tightness of the anastomosis in any type of healing. Expanding indications for the use of these methods in open surgery and developing a technique for intracorporeal esophageal anastomosis with covering the first layer of sutures of anastomosis with the wall of the anastomosed organ seems to be a promising direction that can significantly reduce the incidence of anastomotic leak both in open and laparoscopic surgery.
Solitary metastasis of colorectal cancer in the left adrenal gland 4 years after surgery on the primary tumor. Case report
Authors: Budurova Marina D. , Trifanov Vladimir S. , Kopylov Vladimir V. , Kuznetsova Olga S. , Chernichenko Maria A. , Poluektov Sergey I.
Published: December 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common oncological diseases. On average, in 20–25% of cases after radical surgical treatment of CRC, the progression of the disease in the form of metachronous metastases in the liver and lungs, as the most common localization of CRC metastases, is noted in patients. With the advent of new drug treatment strategies for CRC, there is an increase in overall survival, as a result of which CRC metastases in the adrenal glands have become more common than previously thought, and the number of published reports of cases of CRC metastasis in the adrenal glands has increased. In this article, we report a rare clinical observation of metachronous solitary metastasis of CRC to the left adrenal gland 4 years after radical surgical treatment of the primary tumor: the patient underwent radical left-sided adrenalectomy. The period of observation of the patient without signs of progression and relapse of the disease is 6 months (at the time of publication).
Memorial lecture to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Professor Yu.I. Lorie
Authors: Demina Elena A. , Poddubnaya Irina V.
Published: December 2023

In 2022, the 100th anniversary of the birth of Professor Yu.I. Lorie was celebrated. Yuri Ivanovich Lorie is a talented Russian internal medicine specialist and hematologist, a wonderful teacher, and a person of great personal charm. Yu.I. Lorie is the founder of a new direction of hematology in Russia – oncohematology – and the establisher of a school based on deep knowledge and understanding of the oncological principles of hematological malignancies. Yuri Ivanovich Lorie lived a short (only 54 years) but bright life, utterly devoted to Russian medicine. He left a great legacy – a modern, rapidly developing direction in Russian medicine and a school of students who successfully continued the work he started. Looking back at the scientific and practical activities of Yu.I. Lorie and those emotional scientific debates that his colleagues and students remember, it becomes clear how many modern trends in the understanding of oncogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of hematological malignancies this legendary scientist established.
Relationship of the integrin profile of the primary tumor to metastasis to regional lymph nodes in breast cancer
Authors: Zavyalova Marina V. , Kuznecov Gleb A. , Grigoryeva Evgeniya S. , Tashireva Liubov A. , Pismenny Dmitry S. , Perelmuter Vladimir M.
Published: December 2023

Background. Breast cancer ranks first in the structure of cancer morbidity and mortality. Involvement of a large number of regional lymph nodes is considered a poor prognostic outcome. The mechanisms of development of lymphogenous metastasis in general and common in particular are not fully understood. Integrins are involved in the metastatic process by mediating tumor cell invasion and adhesion to vascular endothelium.
Aim. To study the role of integrins in lymphogenous metastasis.
Materials and methods. The study included 72 patients diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type who underwent surgical treatment on the basis of the cancer research institute national research medical center. The average age reached 51.2 years. In accordance with the indications and morphological data, the patients underwent antitumor treatment. The tissue of the primary tumor obtained by trepanbiopsy. Histological and immunohistochemical examination was carried out according to the standard method. In primary tumor cells, the presence or absence of cytoplasmic or membrane/cytoplasmic colocalization of CD61 (Integrin beta 3), CD104 (Integrin beta 4), CD51 (Integrin alpha-V) expression was assessed. When statistically processing the results, Fisher's test and one-way regression analysis were used.
Results. In the N3 group, the frequency of cytoplasmic expression of CD 61 was higher at the trend level (40.9 and 18%; p=0.074). In the group of patients with N3, positive cytoplasmic expression of CD104 (37.5 and 15.0%; p=0.029) and membrane and cytoplasmic colocalization (52.6 and 15.1%; p=0.004) were more often detected. In the group with N1 and N2, membrane and cytoplasmic colocalization of CD104 expression was less common (15.8 and 54.7%; p=0.006). When studying the expression frequency of CD51 integrin, no significant differences were found depending on the severity of lymphogenous metastasis.
Conclusion. Expression of CD104 in primary tumor cells is strongly associated with widespread lymphogenous metastasis. Studies of the role of integrins in the development of lymphogenous metastasis are promising for predicting the prevalence of this process in the preoperative period and for searching for methods of influencing the tumor.
Molecular genetic markers of ovarian cancer tumor cells and their microenvironment, study methods, and clinical value: A review
Authors: Kalfa Margarita A. , Golovkin Ilya O. , Lazarev Artem E. , Golubinskaya Lena P. , Gritskevich Olga Yu. , Zyablitskaya Evgenia Yu.
Published: December 2023

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common malignancy of the female reproductive system. In most patients, OC is diagnosed in the later stages, leading to an abysmal prognosis. The standard treatment for OC is surgery and chemotherapy; however, relapse often occurs after treatment, especially in patients with advanced disease. New therapeutic options based on advances in tumor genetics and molecular biology are needed to improve treatment outcomes. Manipulations with genes and the proteins they express, affecting oncogenesis and treatment resistance, seem promising, and proteins and gene fragments identified using molecular methods become valuable markers in the supportive pharmacodiagnosis and tailoring of complex therapy. This article describes the research achievements in genetic markers in OC.
International experience by using of the SJMB protocols in treatment of children with medulloblastoma in the age group over 3 years (literature review)
Authors: Levashov Andrey S. , Zagidullina Svetlana R. , Valiev Timur T. , Stroganova Anna M. , Khochenkov Dmitry A. , Grigorenko Vasiliy A. , Mikhaylova Elena V. , Tyurina Elizaveta V. , Ryzhova Marina V. , Horielyshev Serhii K. , Kadyrov Shavkat U. , Polyakov Vladimir G.
Published: December 2023

During the last 30 years, unique international experience has been accumulated in the treatment of children with medulloblastoma, especially in the age group over 3 years. Evolutionary representations about one of the most well – known international protocols – SJMB (in versions since 1996 – SJMB96, since 2003 – SJMB03, since 2012 – SJMB12) are shown in this article. Innovative criteria for stratifying patients into risk groups were established according to clinical, therapeutic, morphological and molecular-biological prognostic factors. Despite the accumulated experience, it is necessary to continue studying the relationship between age groups and the molecular biology of tumor cells for the purpose of subsequent optimization of the treatment program.
An interdisciplinary approach to the management of oncohematological patients with immunodeficiency: clinical cases. A review
Authors: Babicheva Lali G. , Luntsov Alexey V. , Khusainova Gulnara N. , Poddubnaya Irina V.
Published: December 2023

Immunodeficiency occurs when one or more immune system components do not function properly, resulting in the body's inability to resist mostly infectious agents. Most cases of immunodeficiency in adults are acquired (secondary), but congenital immunodeficiencies are not uncommon. Primary immunodeficiencies are a heterogeneous group of innate immune errors that result in various clinical and laboratory manifestations. In contrast, secondary immunodeficiencies involve an acquired decrease in immune cell count and/or impairment of their function, commonly associated with an antibody level decrease. Secondary immunodeficiency in patients with B-cell hematological malignancies is a common condition attributed to both hematological malignancy and secondary antitumor therapy-related causes. Paradoxically, immunodeficiency, initially attributed to secondary causes, may be due to a previously undiagnosed primary immunodeficiency. Early diagnosis of immunodeficiency and optimization of management strategies with a multidisciplinary approach are critical to providing the most effective specific treatments and reducing the incidence of infection-related complications and mortality. The article addresses clinical practice, recommendations, and problems of immunodeficiency diagnosis and the effectiveness of immunoglobulin replacement therapy illustrated by clinical cases.
Colon cancer-induced sarcopenia: clinical and radiological correlations
Authors: Lyadov Vladimir K. , Fedorinov Denis S. , Lyadova Marina A. , Khristenko Ekaterina A. , Boldyreva Tatyana S. , Galkin Vsevolod N.
Published: December 2023

Background. The course of colon cancer (CC) is burdened in many patients with elderly and senile age, the presence of severe comorbidities, and complications of the malignancy. The complex treatment for advanced colon tumors also requires the search for predictors appropriate for routine clinical practice.
Aim. To study the prevalence of sarcopenia (SP) in CC and assess the relationship of SP with the immediate treatment outcomes.
Materials and methods. A retro-prospective assessment of cachexia and SP according to clinical and radiological criteria and their relationship to postoperative complications was performed in 679 patients. The mean age was 65±10.7 years. Group 1 included 181 patients who received drug therapy for common types of CC. Group 2 included 498 patients who underwent elective colon resections for cancer. The presence of SP was determined by threshold values for skeletal muscle area at the LIII level, averaged to the patient's height squared. To do this, the data from abdominal computed tomography performed for 1 month or less before the start of antitumor treatment were analyzed. The threshold criteria of Prado, Martin, and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) were compared.
Results. The SP prevalence was 64% according to the Prado criteria for stages I–II, 66% for stage III, and 73.4% for stage IV; according to the Martin criteria, 63.1%, 62.3%, and 68%, respectively, and according to the EWGSOP2 criteria 22.7%, 26.9%, and 32%, respectively. In general, SP was noted according to the Prado criteria in 70.2% of men and 61.4% of women, according to the Martin criteria in 55.8% of men and 71.9% of women, and according to the EWGSOP2 criteria in 27% of men and 22.9% of women. Sarcopenic obesity was identified in 10.1% of patients. In group 1, there was a statistically significant correlation (p0.001) between the presence of SP and poor overall survival of patients, with the Martin criteria showing the most significant correlation. In group 2, an equally strong correlation between the presence of SP according to the Prado criteria and postoperative mortality was found.
Conclusion. In CC, SP is detected in more than half of patients before the start of antitumor treatment, being an unfavorable prognostic factor for overall survival and a predictor of death after surgical treatment. Timely diagnosis and treatment of SP can improve the CC therapy outcome.
The frequency of regimens associated with high risk of febrile neutropenia and the incidence of dose-limiting neutropenia among patients receiving cytotoxic therapy for malignancies: the FLAME study results
Authors: Snegovoy Anton V. , Kononenko Inessa B. , Sorokina Irina V. , Berezina Anna M. , Prosianikova Oxana N.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To assess the proportion and profile of patients at high risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy (CT), as well as the incidence of FN and dose-limiting neutropenia after one cycle of CT.
Materials and methods. The paper presents the results of the FLAME study, the first Russian observational study in patients with solid tumors who received only cytotoxic CT or a combination with targeted, immuno-oncological drugs. By random sampling, the study retrospectively included 500 patients with a median age of 59 years (18–83 years) from 25 medical institutions in the Russian Federation.
Results. CT regimens with a high (20%) risk of FN were received by 25.2% (126/500) of patients; 53% (265/500) of patients had intermediate risk, and half of them (132/265 [49.8%]) had at least one additional risk FN factor following international NCCN guidelines. Thus, a high risk of FN, according to the therapy and the assessment of individual prognostic adverse factors, was noted in 51.6% (258/500) of patients. 36.8% (95/258) of patients with high risk for FN received primary prophylaxis with granulocyte colony-stimulating factors.
Conclusion. The study showed a significant proportion of patients with a high risk of FN, and most of them do not receive primary prophylaxis of FN.
Experience with the combination of tixagevimab + cilgavimab for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in cancer patients: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Lyadova Marina A. , Fedorinov Denis S. , Kuzmina Evgeniya S. , Antonova Tatiana G. , Sokolskaya Valentina K.
Published: December 2023

Background. COVID-19 (COrona VIrus Disease 2019) is a serious threat to cancer patients, who are at an increased risk of severe infection complications. Pre-exposure prophylaxis with a combination of monoclonal antibodies, tixagevimab-cilgavimab (Evusheld), has been shown to be effective in preventing COVID-19, reducing hospital admission rate and mortality in immunocompromised individuals.
Aim. To describe the experience of using tixagevimab-cilgavimab for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in the Russian population of patients with solid tumors receiving antitumor drug therapies.
Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis included case histories of 79 patients (57% females and 43% males) with solid tumors treated at the Moscow City Clinical Oncology Hospital No. 1 from October 2022 to June 2023. All patients received tixagevimab-cilgavimab for COVID-19 pre-exposure prophylaxis.
Results. The mean age was 64±11 years (32 to 83 years). Seventy-three percent of patients received cytotoxic therapy, associated with an increased risk of infectious complications, including COVID-19. No immediate or delayed adverse events related to tixagevimab-cilgavimab were reported. During the observation period since the drug injection, 3 (3.8%) new mild cases of COVID-19 were reported.
Conclusion. Tixagevimab-cilgavimab (Evusheld) is safe and effective for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in the Russian population of patients with solid tumors receiving antitumor drug therapy.
Real-world experience with trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer and HER2-positive gastric cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Evdokimov Vladimir I. , Bloshchinenko Anatoly A. , Abolmasov Alexander E. , Vilensky Alexey A. , Laskov Michail S.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of trastuzumab deruxtecan in real-world practice in the Russian Federation.
Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical case series related to the use of trastuzumab deruxtecan (N=15) in the setting of a single clinical center, University Headache Clinic (Dr. Laskov's Clinic), as part of the program for the import of an unapproved drug as a life-saving measure. The overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rate were assessed, and individual real-world cases of drug efficacy were presented.
Results. Objective response rates are comparable to those shown in large randomized trials. The median follow-up was 67 days; the 6-month overall survival was 70.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 49.4–99.6%), and the 6-month progression-free survival was 52.1% (95% CI 29.9–90.6%). There were no significant complications associated with therapy; in particular, no events of interstitial lung disease were reported.
Discussion. The real-world efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan was comparable to that in randomized clinical trials. However, at the level of individual clinical cases, slightly lower efficacy was noted in initially frailer patients (ECOG score 3). Also, it should be noted that the study included patients who had the opportunity to purchase an expensive drug and, therefore, had a social status different from the general population, which could affect the results of this study.
Conclusion. The use of trastuzumab deruxtecan in real-world settings has demonstrated high efficacy and a good safety profile.
Endobronchial metastasis of melanoma: a clinical case
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A. , Palkina Elena E. , Sayapin Oleg E. , Ognerubova Marina A.
Published: December 2023

Background. Despite high metastatic potential, melanoma rarely metastasizes to the tracheobronchial tree, accounting for 4.5-5.3% of cases. Therefore, epidemiological, clinical, and pathological features, as well as treatment, are based on individual reports in the literature.
Aim. To present a clinical case of isolated endobronchial metastasis of melanoma.
Materials and methods. A 67-year-old patient underwent surgical treatment for stage IIb pT2N0M0 melanoma of the IV toe of the left foot in August 2014. Histological study showed the ulcerated epithelioid cell pigment melanoma of level III invasion according to Clark classification, and the Breslow thickness was 2 mm. No adjuvant treatment was administered.
Results. During the follow-up, no signs of disease progression were found. In December 2022, the patient survived a new coronavirus infection. In February 2023, the patient reported dyspnea on exertion, dry cough, and hemoptysis. Fibrobronchoscopy in the upper lobe of the left lung in one of the subsegmental branches revealed pigmentation of the bronchial mucosa of gray and black in some spots. Based on the results of cytological examination, metastasis of pigment epithelioid cell melanoma was diagnosed. According to imaging studies, no other manifestations of melanoma progression were identified. The patient received immunotherapy with pembrolizumab for 6 months with no signs of metastasis progression.
Conclusion. Isolated endobronchial metastasis of melanoma is uncommon. The latency period in the presented case was 103 months. The clinical presentation included dyspnea during physical exertion, dry cough, and episodes of hemoptysis. The main diagnostic method is fibrobronchoscopy with biopsy for morphological examination. Imaging methods are necessary to establish the spread of the tumor.
THE SYMBOL, THE REAL AND THE SACRED IN THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF MIRCEA ELIADE
Authors:   “Valahia” University of Târgovişte, Romania, Arion Alexandru-Corneliu
Published: December 2023

From the idea that man is a “religious being” (homo religious) follows all the basic concepts and ideas of the history of religions as understood by M. Eliade and which inevitably lead to the postulate of the indestructible, absolute unity of the human spirit. The centrality of phenomenology over history in Eliade is reflected in his general understanding of the religious phenomenon as 'hierophany', that means any 'manifestation of the sacred'. Meaning is found in the 'modalities of the sacred' revealed by the hierophany. And the identification of the modalities of the sacred is 'more important' than 'tracing the history of a hierophany. The experience of the sacred as construed by Eliade in terms of coincidentia oppositorum draws inspiration from Rudolf Otto’s notion of mysterium tremendum et fascinans. Eliade asserts that 'myth reveals the actual structure of the divinity, which transcends all attributes and reconciles all contraries'. On the other hand, the symbol has a unifying function, and it highlights the fact that man has a synthetically structured consciousness and that he can intuit the cosmos in a unitary way. Homo religiosus manifests at all levels of culture, the desire to live according to the symbol, so he can be also called «homo symbolicus». Like the sacred, the symbol is a given of the integral consciousness of man. For Eliade the desire to live in the sacred is equated with the desire to possess sacred power and live in objective reality. He equates the sacred with being, hence, the existential desire for the sacred is reflected in a thirst for being. “Homo religiosus always believes that there is an absolute reality, the sacred, which transcends this world but manifests itself in this world, thereby sanctifying it and making it real”.
FALSE SYMBOL OF SCIENCE: FLIGHT TO THE MOON
Authors: OMERBASIC Ago
Published: December 2023

Flight to the Moon (1969), according to many researchers of the history of science and civilization, is the greatest scientific and technological achievement of the human race. Thus, a centuries-old dream came true: man left Earth for the first time and stepped on another celestial body. Stunned by the achieved success, the scientists set themselves new, more difficult goals, which seemed feasible to them: conquering the planets of the solar system and migrating life to them. And even more and even harder: going beyond the solar system, deep into Cosmos. Analyzing exactly this, undoubtedly, extraordinary success of human thought, and extending it to the scale of the Cosmos, we conclude in this paper that it is a “false symbol”: The moon is so close to Earth that man's flight to the moon is not a flight to Cosmos. We have shown by calculation that, due to the constants that God has determined perfectly precisely and according to which the Cosmos functions (and which, regardless of the development of science, we cannot change), man will never travel through the Cosmos! Thus, the circle is closed: science has led us to God’s instructions as eternal truths given in the Holy Books: God ordained the earth for man’s life.
THE PARABLES OF JESUS CHRIST. EDUCATION, SYMBOL AND REALITY
Authors: Bugiulescu Marin
Published: December 2023

As a literary form, the parable is an independent narrative, a unitary whole that expresses by itself a supernatural truth. Parables are similitudes taken from everyday life in nature that plastically reproduce a spiritual reality. Parables have many similarities with fables. However, while fables usually depict some abstract, fantastic, unreal truths from the life of nature or animals, most of the time unrealizable, parables do not have an unreal connotation but are possible events taken from everyday life. Although along with allegory, fable and even metaphors, parables are distinguished by their beauty and originality from all the writings of Holy Scripture, they are not identified with any of the variants that come close to the metaphorical literary meaning. Because the parable is an imagined story, which exposes real facts from human life and activity.
THE BYZANTINE ICON, A CULMINATION OF ART – THEOLOGY, SYMBOL AND REALITY
Authors: TUCĂ Nicușor
Published: December 2023

The Byzantine icon has a complex language because it comprises true iconic hierophanies or sacred images, with a profound theological symbolism, hard to express. The image and the symbol are two indissoluble realities by which the human spirit is helped to feel and know the mystery of the real presence of God. By means of the symbol, the icon and the liturgical realism, in general, do not contain only the epiphanic anamnesis or the representation of the evangelical and ecclesial events in symbolical portrayals or aesthetic figures, but their very accomplishment, continual topicalization. The Byzantine art is not a discipline annex of Theology, it is rather its practical, and effectively lived, application, the rightly-glorifying faith being the norm of the rightly-glorifying high glorification. Theology is not just word, verbal expression, but also icon, symbolical representation. The Eastern Church had the genius and method of creating the analogy of the celestial and earthly Church in symbols and images; the Christian faith has led to the exceptional cultural creation represented in monuments of architecture and painting. The icon and the symbol are, however, forms of the presence and work of God in and via visible matter.
Analysis of Epoxy Fiber Composite Clamp with Variable Slotted Holes for Electric Overhead Crane Mounting
Authors:   Mechanical Dept & DPCOE, Pune, Kakade Ramakant S. , Chavan Dr.Ajay ,   Principal - DPCOE, Pune, Mhaske Prof.Mayuri S. ,   Automobile Dept & DPCOE, Pune
Published: December 2023

Composite materials offer an excellent solution for structural applications requiring a high strength-to-weight ratio and stiffness-to-weight ratio. This is particularly beneficial in weight-sensitive structures like aircraft and spacecraft, where the cost-effectiveness of composite materials becomes evident. The exploration of composite materials encompasses various aspects, such as manufacturing processes, anisotropy, the elasticity strength of anisotropic materials, and micromechanics. This study focuses on the investigation of a novel glass epoxy composite material as a substitute for expensive, heavy, and corroding metals in applications involving tensile loadings. The objective is to experimentally analyze and employ finite element methods to understand the mechanical behavior of composite components, specifically those featuring slotted holes. Furthermore, the study aims to validate these findings using the finite element analysis (FEA) method.