bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of telemedicine in paediatric cardiac emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic: How to set it up, develop and sustain inCollaboration with citizens as stakeholders
Authors: Uzun Orhan , Poon Chuen , Jenkins Sian , Pitchaikani Prem Kumar , Mansour Maha , Wong Amos , Nathan Max , Morris Sheryl , Williams Carys , Morton Peter , Rawlinson David
Published: August 2022

Introduction
The Welsh Paediatric Cardiac Telemedicine Service has been delivering teaching, training, and education for healthcare providers for the past 15 years. In addition, telemedicine has been a fundamental tool for providing emergency diagnostic and therapeutic services to children presenting with suspected cardiac diseases to district general hospitals in South Wales. In this paper, we share our unique experience in emergency telemedicine consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic in fetuses, neonates and children who presented with severe cyanosis, respiratory distress, arrhythmias, or cardiovascular compromise.
Methods
Specialists across Wales worked in partnership with national informatics services, transport services, industry, patients and the third sector to deliver a two-phase project utilising “plan, do, study, act” methodology.
Results
Building on previous success, the second phase delivered 32 successful telemedicine consultations over seven months utilising the new technology and process. A number of other secondary benefits were also realised including educational, recruitment and multidisciplinary meetings.
Conclusion
The Welsh Paediatric Cardiology Telemedicine Service has demonstrated its true utility, such that acute cardiac emergencies relating to even ductus-dependent major congenital heart anomalies can be attended and managed in the most effective way by online interactions between a paediatric cardiologist and local paediatricians. This study paves the way for the use of live tele-echocardiography in the diagnosis of major cardiac anomalies without the need for the specialist being physically present. Therefore, this novel modality of telemedicine use can be adopted to help remove health inequalities in communities which are distant from tertiary specialist centres.
Reconciling Reversal of Fortune in early United States Development within Unified Growth Framework
Authors: HO CP
Published: August 2022

This paper attempts to explain demographic-economic development in the Thirteen Colonies/United States during AD1700-AD1860, when slavery was an important feature in the period. This paper models how the use of slaves in production affected long-run productivity. The key hypothesis of the model is that productivity growth is positively related to the fraction of the workforce comprised of free workers, who had property rights over their production. The geographic and political environments in US-South relatively favored the buildup of Black slaves, through the above model mechanism it suffered from slower productivity growth and a reversal of fortune.JEL Codes: N10, O50
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Pesticides Use and the Related Health Symptoms among Sudanese Farmers in Albagar Province, Sudan
Authors: Aldekhery Alrufaai , Ali Yousra , Abdelrahman Hanan , Mohammed Hidaya , Zakout Yosef , Batran Samah
Published: August 2022

Background: Agricultural workers are frequently exposed to highly risk materials due to the continuous exposure and dealing with different types of pesticides. The inappropriate use of pesticides causes an adverse health issues to farm workers. Objectives: The aims of the current study were to assess farmers` knowledge, practice, attitudes and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) toward the use of pesticides. Also, to assess the health issues due to exposure and/or improper use of pesticides. Materials and methods: Farmers were interviewed face to face using instructed questionnaire. Results: We found that 100% of the study subjects were not aware about the biohazards of pesticide exposure, the proper way of pesticide application, the correct attitudes following the application of pesticides and the ideal methods of discharging the empty pesticide containers. Therefore, they experienced different health issues following the application of pesticide. Conclusion: Farmers require continuous education and training programs addressing the biohazards associated to pesticides, the correct way of application and the different methods of discharging the empty containers.
The influence of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer on the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: a Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Tu Hengjia
Published: August 2022

Background Observational studies have found a correlation between thyroid diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, their causal relationship remains uncertain. Our purpose was to investigate the causal relationship between four common thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid cancer) and PCOS risk. Methods In this study, using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we obtained single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) database as instrumental variables (IVs) and used inverse variance weighting (IVW) to explore the causal relationship between four common thyroid diseases and PCOS. Results We found a significant causal association between hypothyroidism and increased risk of PCOS [OR = 34.90, 95% CI: (1.68, 724.53), P = 0.02]. However, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid cancer has no significant causal association with PCOS. Conclusion Hypothyroidism may increase the risk of PCOS. Hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid cancer has no significant causal association with PCOS.
Lapin ihminen. Identifikaatiot, ympäristöt ja yhteinen erityisyys
Authors: Nykänen Tapio
Published: August 2022

The Man of Lapland. Identifications, Environments and Shared Specifity Finnish Lapland is a historical borderland of Finnish and Sámi cultures. Such a region offers various social-political identifications for people to choose: people may see it possible to identify as Finnish, Laplanders, Lappish or Sámi, for instance. However, the choices have social and political limits, and some identifications are more contested than others. The book examines the processes of identifications in the middle parts of Lapland, just south of the region defined as Sámi homeland in Finland. While the study reveals differences and nuances in people’s thinking, it also shows that there is a recognizable sense of shared cultural specifity around the region. Lapland is conceptualized as an extraordinary place with unusual nature and history, characterized by particular livelihoods (such as reindeer herding) and lively cultural interaction. The book concludes that while Lapland is extraordinary as a historical dwelling region of indigenous Sámi, it may be politically significant to recognize it as a unique borderland of cultures with features of its own.
The Effect of ratio of items indicating differential item functioning on computer adaptive and multi-stage tests
Authors: ERDEM KARA Başak , DOĞAN Nuri
Published: August 2022

Recently, adaptive test approaches have become a viable alternative to traditional fixed-item tests. The main advantage of adaptive tests is that they reach desired measurement precision with fewer items. However, fewer items mean that each item has a more significant effect on ability estimation and therefore those tests are open to more consequential results from any flaw in an item. So, any items indicating differential item functioning (DIF) may play an important role in examinees' test scores. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the effect of DIF items on the performance of computer adaptive and multi-stage tests. For this purpose, different test designs were tested under different test lengths and ratios of DIF items using Monte Carlo simulation. As a result, it was seen that computer adaptive test (CAT) designs had the best measurement precision over all conditions. When multi-stage test (MST) panel designs were compared, it was found that the 1-3-3 design had higher measurement precision in most of the conditions; however, the findings were not enough to say that 1-3-3 design performed better than the 1-2-4 design. Furthermore, CAT was found to be the least affected design by the increase of ratio of DIF items. MST designs were affected by that increment especially in the 10-item length test.
Charge order and antiferromagnetism in twisted bilayer graphene from the variational cluster approximation
Authors: Pahlevanzadeh B. , Sahebsara P. , Sénéchal David
Published: August 2022

We study the possibility of charge order at quarter filling and
antiferromagnetism at half-filling in a tight-binding model of magic
angle twisted bilayer graphene. We build on the model proposed by Kang
and Vafek [1], relevant to a twist angle of
1.30^\circ1.30∘,
and add on-site and extended density-density interactions. Applying the
variational cluster approximation with an exact-diagonalization impurity
solver, we find that the system is indeed a correlated (Mott) insulator
at fillings \frac1414,
\frac1212
and \frac3434.
At quarter filling, we check that the most probable charge orders do not
arise, for all values of the interaction tested. At half-filling,
antiferromagnetism only arises if the local repulsion
UU
is sufficiently large compared to the extended interactions, beyond what
is expected from the simplest model of extended interactions.
Pompom Box Toy to Develop Numeracy Skills in Early Childhood
Authors: Selvi Issaura Dwi , Saraswati Dandia Ayu
Published: August 2022

This study aims to develop the pompom box toy to build numeracy skills and investigate psychological and sociological aspects in facilitating the improvement of summation literacy in early childhood. This research method uses Mix Method (quantitative and qualitative) with the Rowntree model and Tessmer formative evaluation with the planning stage, development stage, evaluation stage consisting of self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one assessment, and small group evaluation. Data collection techniques using observation and checklists. The average result of the addition game tool's practical value is 93.5, with an efficient category based on the child's ability indicator. The child can say number symbols (1-10), and a child's play tool is easy to use. Based on the results obtained through the stages that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the number addition operation game tool (1-10) in group B children in kindergarten is declared valid and practical, so that pompom box learning obtains an increase in summation literacy and develops aspects of early childhood psychological and sociological.
Inequality of Gender Relations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Violence against Women in Sambas, West Kalimantan
Authors: Asman Asman
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the causes of acts of violence. These actions can occur by anyone and anywhere closely related to health and human rights, one of which is in Sambas, West Kalimantan. In these cases, acts of violence are often used to maintain and enforce the subordination of women to men. In 2019-2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, domestic violence cases within a year of the number of reports from the Sambas Religious Court, there were approximately 760 domestic violence cases. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with an empirical sociological approach. The focus of this research is the constituents of violence against Women. The results in this study are that since the COVID-19 pandemic from 2019-2020, acts of violence against women increased from 450 cases to 760 cases during COVID-19 due to changes in lifestyle in households with limitations, especially family economic problems. With the low community mindset about the equality of men and women between fellow interactions, they are not benefited in this situation. Some factors cause violence against women, namely economic and socio-cultural problems or the imbalance of power relations that pushes women's subordination.
Prioritising sub-watersheds using morphometric analysis, principal component analysis, and land use/land cover analysis in the Kinnerasani River basin, India
Authors: Shekar Padala Raja , Mathew Aneesh
Published: August 2022

Due to the depletion of natural resources including land and water as a result of rapid population increase, industrialisation, and urbanisation, effective resource management is essential for long-term development. The Kinnerasani Watershed in Telangana State was chosen for the research based on morphological analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and land use/land cover (LULC) analysis in this study. A catchment's morphometric characteristics, PCA, and LULC analysis can be estimated using geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) approaches. The watershed generated 24 sub-watersheds (SWs) in all (SW1–SW24). SWs were ranked using morphometric features, PCA, and LULC features. To determine the final priority of SWs, several morphometric characteristics, including linear, shape, and relief aspects, have been estimated for each SW and given ranks based on compound parameter values. To prioritise SWs, the PCA was used to extract five parameters from morphometric characteristics. The LULC analysis used four characteristics to prioritise the SWs. SW3, SW9, and SW12 have been prioritised for morphometric analysis; SW2 and SW3 have been prioritised for PCA; and SW17, SW19, SW23, and SW24 have been prioritised for LULC analysis. The common SWs within each priority according to three different methodologies are SW4, SW6, SW10, SW13, SW15, and SW21. The results show that the high-priority locations have greater runoff and soil erosion issues, so it is essential to design and implement watershed management techniques such as check dams, construction of farm ponds, and construction of earthen embankments in these areas. The decision-making authorities might use the findings to plan and implement watershed management initiatives to minimise soil erosion in high-priority locations.
Spatio-temporal variations of vegetation cover and its influence on surface air temperature change over the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Han Zhenyue , Wu Qiang , Lai Ruixun , Soomro Shan-e-hyder , Hou Dongru , Hu Caihong
Published: August 2022

Northwest China has experienced dramatic changes in vegetation cover over the past few decades with the Yellow River Basin (YRB) being the most representative area. As the major climate-sensitive area in China, vegetation cover change is one reason for its impact on surface air temperature (SAT). This study uses the observation minus reanalysis (OMR) method to reveal the spatio-temporal variations of vegetation cover and its impact on SAT change over non-urban areas of the YRB from 1982 to 2015. The Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies dataset, SAT derived from meteorological stations, and European Reanalysis (ERA)-interim reanalysis temperature data were used to analyze the relationship between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and temperature variation caused by vegetation change. The NDVI trend (SlopeNDVI) of the entire YRB reached 1.11×10−2 decade−1, which indicated the recovery of vegetation in general. The impact of variation in vegetation conditions on SAT change during 1982–2015 was estimated to be 0.037 °C decade−1, which contributed 7.62% to the temperature change. The mean annual NDVI (MNDVI) and SlopeNDVI in the YRB were significantly negatively correlated (P<0.001) with OMR temperature variation. A negative correlation was exhibited in semi-arid and semi-humid regions, whereas a positive correlation was found in the arid region. The observed changes in vegetation and SAT in the YRB support the theory of the impact of vegetation variation on SAT in China.
Assessing the potential impacts of climate change on streamflow in the data-scarce Upper Ruvu River watershed, Tanzania
Authors: Tibangayuka Nickson , Mulungu Deogratias M. M. , Izdori Fides
Published: August 2022

This study assessed the impacts of climate change on streamflow in the data-scarce Upper Ruvu River watershed (URRW). The Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) was employed for generating the future ensemble-mean climate scenario based on six global circulation models (GCMs), under two representative concentration pathways (RCPs: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The future projections were made in two periods (2041–2060 and 2081–2100), and the baseline period (1951–1978) was used as a reference. The watershed hydrology was represented by the Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) model, which was calibrated and validated by using 5 and 4 years of streamflow data, respectively. Results indicate that the rainfall and minimum and maximum temperatures will increase in both periods, under both scenarios. This will potentially affect the streamflow that is projected to increase from March to August and decrease from September to February. The mean annual streamflow could potentially change from 48 m3/s in the baseline period to 45.6 and 56.5 m3/s during 2041–2060, and 52.4 and 67.4 m3/s during 2081–2100, under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. The minimum and maximum streamflows are also predicted to change in both periods, under both scenarios. Considering these results, the climate change will have significant impacts on the streamflows of the URRW.
Synthesis of New Thiazolidinones and Thiazoles in Indole Series
Authors: Benmohammed Abdelmadjid , Vanelle Patrice , Khanoussi Sofiane , Khoumeri Omar , Kadiri Mokhtaria , Djafri Ayada , Terme Thierry
Published: August 2022

Recent findings confirm that thiosemicarbazones and thiazoles offer a wide range of biological properties. We report here the synthesis of two series of highly functionalized thiazole-derived compounds from the reactions of various indole-derived thiosemicarbazones with diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and 4-bromophenacyl bromide. As a result, a series of new derivatives of thiosemicarbazone, thiazolidinone, and thiazole bearing an indole moiety was synthesized and developed in good yields.
Biology and Natural History of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: de Medeiros Fernandes Thales Allyrio Araújo , de Azevedo Jenner Chrystian Veríssimo , Cavalcante Gilson Aquino , de Medeiros Iluska Almeida Carneiro Martins , Lanza Daniel Carlos Ferreira , de Araújo Joselio Maria Galvão , Bezerra Fabiana Lima , Fernandes José Veríssimo
Published: August 2022

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a clinical condition characterized by insufficient insulin pro-duction due to progressive loss of pancreatic islet β-cells mediated by an autoimmune response. This deregulation of the immune system is caused by the action of genetic, epigenetic, and envi-ronmental factors in varying combinations for each individual. Although the inflammation of the islets with immune cell infiltration, known as insulitis, is an important element in pathogenesis, oth-er factors are necessary for disease initiation. Associations with variants of HLA and other genes related to immune system function, mainly haplotypes HLA-DR3-DQ2 and HLA-DR4-DQ8, are more evident. The influence of polymorphisms and epigenetic modifications, as well as the micro-biome, is convincing proof of the existence of a complex interaction between genetic, immune, and environmental factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of this metabolic disorder. Loss of self-tolerance to autoimmunity is a critical point in the development of the disease, and regulatory T cells play a key role in this process. Thus, any failure of these cells, either due to an insufficient number or altered expression of cytokines and transcription factors, may be the trigger for the onset of the disease. The protective action of regulatory T cells is controlled by gene expression that is modulated by epigenetic modifications, including the dysregulation of noncoding RNAs. This re-view takes an updated approach to the natural history of type 1 diabetes, focusing on the factors in-volved in the etiology and pathogenesis.
The Prevalence of Rhinosinusitis Disease among Asthma Patients in Saudi
Arabia
Authors: Bugis Alaa , Alruwaili Arwa , Masuadi Emad , Al-Zahrani Basil , Alzahrani Abdulrahman , Almegel Abdullah , Alkasser Ali , Alsulaiman Yzen , Alhumaid Talal , Bugis Bussma Ahmed
Published: August 2022

Background:

Asthma and rhinosinusitis share the same pathophysiological mechanism
and often occur together. The root cause of chronic rhinosinusitis is still a challenge to cure, but its
clinical symptoms can be improved by symptomatic treatment, also considered asthma symptom relievers.

Objective:

The primary objective of this study was to measure the prevalence of asthma with rhinosinusitis among adult patients in Saudi Arabia, as there have been limited studies that assessed
this objective.

Methods:

This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study. The data was collected from a selected
hospital from 2016 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were patients with a confirmed diagnosis of
asthma and rhinosinusitis aged 18 years and older.

Results:

The prevalence of rhinosinusitis among asthma patients was 0.30% in a total of 1,688
asthmatic patients, and 1683 patients had asthma without rhinosinusitis (99.7%). Females accounted
for 67.7% of the patients, while males accounted for 32.3%. Most of the asthma patients (56%)
were 60 or older, and 44% were between 18 and 59 years old. Asthma patients with a past medical
history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) accounted for 2.3% of the patients.
Moreover, 1.9% of the asthma patients had bronchiectasis. The majority of the asthma patients
(79%) had an unknown allergic status, while 21% had allergies. The smoking status variable revealed that 3.1% of the asthma patients were smokers.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of rhinosinusitis among asthma patients was considered low.
Quality of Life and Depression Assessment in Patients with Acute Coronary
Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Varghese Treesa P. , Kumar P. R Anand Vijaya
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is currently the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Morbidity after ACS includes physical and mental disorders affecting the
patient’s whole life situation and Quality of Life (QoL). The main aim of the study was to assess
QoL and depression among post-ACS patients.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional observational study. A total of 112 patients who fulfilled the
inclusion criteria were included in this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to
the patients to collect data from the patients. In this study, men and women aged 18 - 80 with ACS;
patients diagnosed with Non-ST Segment Elevated Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) or STEMI or
Angina Pectoris were included. Patients with severe mental, and physical illness and dementia were
excluded from the study. QoL and depression assessment was done by RAND 36-Item Health Survey and Hamilton Depression Rating scale, respectively.

Results:

Among 112 post-ACS patients, 78 patients were males, and 38 patients were females. The
mean age of the study population was 64.25 ± 9.029 and with most individuals in the category of 61
- 70 years. The majority of study populations were married (71.5%) and lived with their families
(92.9%). In this study group, 42.9 % of the population reported at least high school education
(SSLC) and 54.5% were full-time employees. Most of the patients (91.1%) were taking the medication regularly, while 55.4% of patients reported regular compliance with the follow-up. This study
identified that, among various factors, older age, female gender, lower income, unemployment, low
education status, poor compliance with medication, and depressive symptoms led to poor QoL.

Conclusion:

This study confirms a negative correlation between depressive symptoms and QoL.
This study’s results reveal the magnitude of depression that is prevalent in the primary health care
clinic that goes undiagnosed and unmanaged. Hence, it is recommended to properly screen depressive symptoms in ACS patients. Therefore, concurrently, better QoL can be achieved by managing
both depression and ACS.
Otago Exercise Program Plus Cognitive Dual-task can Reduce Fall Risk,
Improve Cognition and Functioning in Older Adults
Authors: Santos Paula Clara , Machado Dalmo Roberto Lopes , Abdalla Pedro Pugliesi , Santos Claúdia Vanessa , Lopes Sofia , Martins Anabela Correia , Mota Jorge , Mesquita Cristina
Published: August 2022

Background:

The risk of falling increases with neuromusculoskeletal and cognitive
changes resulting from aging. Physical exercise shows beneficial effects on the risk of falling, but
the results are unknown when associated with cognitive activity dual-task (DT).

Objective:

The objective of the study was to evaluate the impacts of the Otago Exercise Program
(OEP) plus DT cognitive activity on the risk of falling in older adults.

Method:

36 older adults (83.5 ± 5.7 years) participated in a quasi-experimental study, distributed
in two experimental groups and a control group: 1) OEP (OEPG; n=12), 2) OEP plus DT
(OEPDTG; n = 12), and a control group (CG; n=12). Older adults were evaluated at pre- and post-
12 weeks of intervention. The thresholds for the risk of falling were considered as multiparameter
scores of the 10 Meter Walking Test (10MWT), evocative 10MWT, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Sit
to Stand Test (STS), and The Four-Stage Balance Test (Four-Stage), and the Montreal Cognitive
Assessment (MoCA), to test the cognitive impairment.

Results:

At baseline, all groups were homogeneous. Post-intervention, the experimental groups
presented significant functional differences, in comparison to the CG, for 10MWT (OEPDTG: p=
0.002; OEPG: p= 0.002); evocative 10MWT (OEPDTG: p=0.001; OEPG: p=0.001); TUG
(OEPDTG: p=0.034); STS (OEPDTG: p<0.001; OEPG: p<0.001) and cognitive for MoCA
(OEPDTG: p<0.019). Significant intra-group differences (pre-post) were observed in all intervention
groups, but none in CG. The risk of falling (Four-Stage) in experimental groups (OEPDTG:
33.3%; OEPG: 41.7%) was considerably lower than CG (83.3%).

Conclusion:

Otago Exercise Program alone can reduce the risk of falling due to improved functionality,
but adding the dual task also improves cognitive capacity in older adults. The clinical significance
of these interventions goes beyond statistics.
role of trust mediates the effect of perceived ease of use of use and perceived risk on intention to re-use QRIS payment methods
Authors: Primandari I Dewa Ayu Agung Yunita , Suprapti Ni Wayan Sri
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to examine and explain the role of trust in mediating the effect of perceived ease of use and perceived risk on the intention to reuse the QRIS BPD Bali payment method.  This research is associative quantitative research conducted in Denpasar City. Data consists of 150 samples, collected by distributing questionnaires containing open and closed questions and statements that have been tested for validity and reliability. The analysis technique used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using SmartPLS 3.2.9 software as an analytical tool. The results of this study indicate that the perceived ease of use has a positive and significant effect on the intention to reuse and the perceived risk has a negative and significant effect on the intention to reuse. Trust has a positive influence on the intention to reuse and can mediate the relationship between perceived ease of use and perceived risk on the intention to reuse the QRIS BPD Bali payment method in Denpasar City.
importance of inclusive learning and teaching enviroment and teacher reflection
Authors: Dzamukashvili Shorena
Published: August 2022

The research aims to identify the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the preschool teachers of the target group regarding the implementation/development of inclusive education. Structure/methodology /approach-10 teachers participated in this study, who were also involved in the research carried out within the framework of the project "teacher reflection for quality early inclusive education". An early inclusive education environment self-reflection method was used, developed within the framework of the early childhood inclusive education (I) project implemented by the European agency for special needs and inclusive education from 2015 to 2017 (www.european-agency.org/agency-projects/inclusive-early childhood-education), our adapted version. Research is qualitative. The reflection method included four open questions: This article reflects educators on the "inclusive environment of teaching and learning". Conclusion: the survey participants ' responses prove that educators and educators are aware of the desire and need to increase their knowledge about the inclusive environment of learning and teaching, but they find it difficult to reflect on these issues and analyze them based on their practice, which can again be considered as their low competence in this regards. Novelty/value: the study of teacher-educator reflection is not conducted on the example of our practice.
Hindu identity maintenance of mixture marriage in DKI Jakarta
Authors: Mandara I Wayan Kantun , Gelgel I Putu , Dharmika Ida Bagus
Published: August 2022

In a pluralistic society like Jakarta, it is very possible for marriages with religious backgrounds to occur. Marriage with two different religions is very unlikely because the law requires that the marriage be carried out in one religion. Hindus generally adhere to the patrilineal principle in the sense that the man is the head of the family. If there is an interfaith marriage, the wife must follow the husband's Hindu religion. However, it often happens that if there are marriages with different religious backgrounds, many Hindu men in DKI follow the religion of their wives. This causes the number of Hindu families to decrease. The results of the study show that a postmodern society like Jakarta often does not follow their religious norms, religion is seen as an obstacle to their freedom. Another factor of the weak maintenance of Hindu identity in husbands who engage in mixed marriages is the weak understanding of religion so that they easily convert to the religion of their wives.
Стабильные формы и стационарная эмиссия ионов танталового полевого эмиттера в процессе воздействия внешним электрическим полем при высоких температурах
Authors: Голубев О.Л.
Published: August 2022

Using the methods of field electron microscopy, the change in the form of the field emitter from Ta was studied when exposed to high temperatures T and strong electric fields F. The aim of the study was to obtain a stable form of the emitter surface that would give a stationary ion current during field evaporation. Such a stable form was found at a certain combination of T and F, it could provide a stable constant ion current, but of relatively small magnitude.
Влияние условий плазменной обработки на структурно-фазовый состав и магнитные свойства пленок гексаферрита бария (M-типа) на c-сапфире
Authors: Гаджиев М.Х. , Муслимов А.Э.
Published: August 2022

In the work investigated the influence of plasma treatment conditions on the structural-phase composition and magnetic properties of barium hexaferrite films (0001) BaFe12O19 on C-sapphire. Two treatment modes were used: with a weight average plasma temperature of 4÷5kK and 8÷10kK. It has been shown that the films obtained at the low treatment temperature have a pronounced magnetic anisotropy and saturation magnetization of 42 emu/g. The films obtained at high temperature have weak magnetic anisotropy, but have a higher saturation magnetization value of 62 emu/g. All films have low coercive fields of less than 500 Oe, which indicates the low magnetic hardness of barium hexaferrite samples and the possibility of their use as magnetic conductors of transformers, electromagnets, in measuring devices. The presented results demonstrate the promise of the plasma treatment technique in the formation of coatings with high anisotropy.
Спинтронный терагерцевый эмиттер на основе двумерного полупроводникового диселенида вольфрама
Authors: Буряков А.М. , Горбатова А.В. , Авдеев П.Ю. , Безвиконный Н.В. , Овчаренко С.В. , Климов А.А. , Станкевич К.Л. , Мишина Е.Д.
Published: August 2022

We propose a new spintronic emitter based on the Co/WSe2 heterostructure. The time of ultrafast demagnetization is estimated. It is shown that the two-dimensional ferromagnet/semiconductor interface exhibits strong spin-orbit coupling. Approaches to the description of the mechanism of generation of THz radiation are implemented. It is shown that the polarization orientation of THz radiation depends on the direction of magnetization.
Using Electronic Health Records for the Learning Health System: Creation of a Diabetes Research Registry
Authors: Wells Brian J , Downs Stephen M , Ostasiewski Brian
Published: August 2022

Electronic health records (EHRs) were originally developed for clinical care and billing. As such, the data are not collected, organized, and curated in a fashion that is optimized for secondary use to support the Learning Health System. Population health registries provide tools to support quality improvement. These tools are generally integrated with the live EHR, are intended to use a minimum of computing resources, and may not be appropriate for some research projects. Researchers may require different electronic phenotypes and variable definitions from those typically used for population health, and these definitions may vary from study to study. Establishing a formal registry that is mapped to the Observation Medical Outcomes Partnership common data model provides an opportunity to add custom mappings and more easily share these with other institutions. Performing preprocessing tasks such as data cleaning, calculation of risk scores, time-to-event analysis, imputation, and transforming data into a format for statistical analyses will improve efficiency and make the data easier to use for investigators. Research registries that are maintained outside the EHR also have the luxury of using significant computational resources without jeopardizing clinical care data. This paper describes a virtual Diabetes Registry at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist and the plan for its continued development.
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Health Care Practice: Scoping Review
Authors: Sharma Malvika , Savage Carl , Nair Monika , Larsson Ingrid , Svedberg Petra , Nygren Jens M
Published: August 2022

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) is often heralded as a potential disruptor that will transform the practice of medicine. The amount of data collected and available in health care, coupled with advances in computational power, has contributed to advances in AI and an exponential growth of publications. However, the development of AI applications does not guarantee their adoption into routine practice. There is a risk that despite the resources invested, benefits for patients, staff, and society will not be realized if AI implementation is not better understood.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore how the implementation of AI in health care practice has been described and researched in the literature by answering 3 questions: What are the characteristics of research on implementation of AI in practice? What types and applications of AI systems are described? What characteristics of the implementation process for AI systems are discernible?

Methods

A scoping review was conducted of MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases to identify empirical studies of AI implementation in health care since 2011, in addition to snowball sampling of selected reference lists. Using Rayyan software, we screened titles and abstracts and selected full-text articles. Data from the included articles were charted and summarized.

Results

Of the 9218 records retrieved, 45 (0.49%) articles were included. The articles cover diverse clinical settings and disciplines; most (32/45, 71%) were published recently, were from high-income countries (33/45, 73%), and were intended for care providers (25/45, 56%). AI systems are predominantly intended for clinical care, particularly clinical care pertaining to patient-provider encounters. More than half (24/45, 53%) possess no action autonomy but rather support human decision-making. The focus of most research was on establishing the effectiveness of interventions (16/45, 35%) or related to technical and computational aspects of AI systems (11/45, 24%). Focus on the specifics of implementation processes does not yet seem to be a priority in research, and the use of frameworks to guide implementation is rare.

Conclusions

Our current empirical knowledge derives from implementations of AI systems with low action autonomy and approaches common to implementations of other types of information systems. To develop a specific and empirically based implementation framework, further research is needed on the more disruptive types of AI systems being implemented in routine care and on aspects unique to AI implementation in health care, such as building trust, addressing transparency issues, developing explainable and interpretable solutions, and addressing ethical concerns around privacy and data protection.
COVID-19 Vaccine adverse events and breakthrough infections: decentralized study that includes underrepresented groups (Preprint)
Authors: Gabashvili Irene
Published: August 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

A decentralized longitudinal study that includes underrepresented adult populations across a broad age range identifies previously unreported patterns.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1101/2021.06.28.21256779
Disease Q&A system for medical consultation service websites (Preprint)
Authors: Zhong Jinhong , Xuan Zhanxiang
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

With the rapid development of Internet technology, more and more people will tend to obtain disease knowledge through the Internet when they unwell.However, the existing medical service consultation websites have complex information and many layers of websites, which make it difficult for people to get the exact knowledge they need in the first time.

OBJECTIVE

We build an automatic question and answer(Q&A) system based on disease knowledge graph by relying on the medical consultation service websites.The system is simple to operate and has a better answer for some diseases in daily life and questions about disease medication, effectively saving the time of users and doctors.

METHODS

First, we obtain the website data by crawling technique. Then we construct a specialized disease knowledge graph which can represent the relationship between entities such as diseases, drugs, food, symptoms, etc. In the procedure of Q&A system design, we use AC algorithm and semantic similarity calculation to obtain entities. Then, we use template matching and Bayesian classification algorithm to classify the questions. Finally, we convert the matched questions into database query language to retrieve relevant question answers.

RESULTS

we identified 7 entity types, 10 relationships and 6 disease-related attributes. The final disease knowledge graph containing 25,000 entities and 160,000 relationships between entities was constructed.

CONCLUSIONS

This system can solve the user's disease problems in life. It can effectively solve the problem of confusing information on medical service websites.
To study the Effect of Organophilic Nano-clay on Creep Stiffness of Asphalt Binder at Low Temperatures
Authors: Waqas Umar , Hafeez Imran , Saadat Usama
Published: August 2022

Abstract: The asphalt binder must be modified to extend the service life of flexible pavements. As the temperature outside drops, the pavements shrink and develop internal stresses. The pavement may break if this contraction happens quickly enough because it won't have time to relax these stresses. Due to the cracking's orientation with respect to the flow of traffic, this form of fracture is frequently referred to as a "thermal crack" or a "transverse crack.". The purpose of this article is to assess how adding nanoclay to asphalt binder changes its performance at low temperatures. The stiffness and stress relaxation time of a material can be measured with a Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR). It is ideal for asphalt binders to be able to release built-up tensions and not become overly stiff at low temperatures. The BBR test was carried out to investigate the low-temperature behaviour of asphalt binder. Test samples were prepared by adding varying nanoclay content and test temperatures were defined. Three small beams of each percentage were prepared and tested after conditioning at defined test temperatures. Results of modified asphalt binder were assessed and contrasted to unmodified asphalt binder to optimize the nanoclay content. The study revealed that increment in nanoclay amount increased the creep stiffness of asphalt binder. İt was concluded from the study that improvement of creep stiffness played a key role towards the low-temperature performance. The maximum increase in creep stiffness was found by the addition of 5 % nanoclay at -16 °C
Design and Development of IoT Based Remote Sensing System for Smart Farming
Authors: Patil Ms. Uma. R. , Patil Prof. Dr. V. M.
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Now a day’s a remote sensing system in IoT based environment widely used in smart farming. This system in smart farming is used to perform various farming task like soil sensing, temperature sensing, weather sensing, light sensing, and moisture sensing smarter and efficient for better yielding and production. The proposed system aims to design and develop a remote sensing tool that senses the current status of plant and disease in the plants in farm field using various sensors like temperature, humidity, pH sensors and water level sensors. Identification of plant disease is done through sensor readings data. The main aim of the research paper is to design and development of an Internet of Things (IoT) based remote sensing system tool to supervise and control the citrus plant in farm field. This proposed system consists of hardware setup with real-time sensors such as soil moisture, sunlight, humidity, temperature, water level, and camera module which are controlled by Raspberry Pi processor with Python and configured essential getaways to sense and stored data associated to parameters for supervising the dynamic plant growth. With the help of such kind of IoT based remote sensing system farmer can observe all the parameters of plant remotely and get real time analysis of data, so that they can increase the productivity.
Three cardiac biomarkers and their efficacy: A review
Authors: Muralikrishnan G , Vijayasimha M , Mulavagili Srikanth , Jayarajan D , Yadav Ashok
Published: August 2022

Objectives: This study belongs to the overview of three versatile cardiac biomarkers for specific diagnosis and prognosis in cardiac patients.

Methods: A search performed in different search sites such as Web of Science, Pub Med, and Google scholar searches for relevant studies from 2015 to 2022. Search names included were “heart disease,” “cardiac troponin,” “acute coronary disease,” “coronary artery disease,” “new biomarker,” “non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome,” etc. Studies were included if they were prospective, retrospective, randomized controlled trials or reviews.

Findings: Troponin I &T along with CPK-MB can increase the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity when used collectively in the diagnosis of Myocardial infarction either acute or chronic conditions. These cardiac versatile biomarkers can diagnose re-infarct also with serial testing. Whereas sensitivity and specificity of Troponins I &T ranges from 84 to 96 and 80 to 95% respectively. When all three cardiac markers were combined, sensitivity and specificity will reach up to approximately 100%.

Novelty/ Improvement: This article provides the best available three versatile specific cardiac biomarkers in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction and reinfarction with about 100% accuracy.

Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), Myocardial Infarction (MI), Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine Kinase (CK), Heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP).
Chemoprotective Effect of Carwin Capsules against Cyclophosphamide Induced Genotoxicity by In Vivo Micronucleus Assay
Authors: Thakur Niharika , Upmanyu Neeraj , Saxena Rajiv , Khan Md. Abdul Aali
Published: August 2022

The protective effects of carwin capsules (CAR) against toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CYC) in mice were investigated using the micronucleus assay for anticlastogenic activity in mouse bone marrow cells. The experimental animals were pre-treated orally with the drug suspension (carwin capsule   suspension) for seven consecutive days (drug alone in group III and in combination with standard drug in group IV). The standard drug (cyclophosphamide, 50 mg/kg bw) was dissolved in saline and injected intraperitoneally. The results demonstrate that carwin was found to be significant (P<0.05) as compared to cyclophosphamide treated as the no. of MNPCEs in carwin treated was decreased effectively. And also carwin was able to significantly (P<0.01) protect the action caused by cyclophosphamide as well was also found to be very effective antigenotoxic (P<0.01) as compared to cyclophosphamide in scoring of PCE: NCE ratio. All the groups were compared with cyclophosphamide (-ve control). So, it was concluded that the used polyherbal formulation (carwin) was found to be very effective drug in cancer therapy as it has very less genotoxic effect as compared to cyclophosphamide and also has a protective effect with cyclophosphamide.

Keywords: Carwin capsules, Cyclophosphamide, Micronucleus assay, Antigenotoxic, Polyherbal formulation.
Nicardia® XL (Nifedipine Extended Release): Technologically Advanced GITS Formulation Ensures Robust Efficacy and Assured Safety
Authors: Mavani Siddharth , Abraham M A , Conjeevaram Arvind , Singh Shivendra , Revandkar Vaibhav , Birla Ashish
Published: August 2022

Nifedipine is a classical dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB) indicated for the management of hypertension, vasospastic angina and chronic stable angina. Prestigious regulatory bodies like USFDA, EMA, CDSCO and TGA have approved long-acting Nifedipine for the management of hypertension and angina. Nifedipine was 1st introduced in United States as Adalat® (Bayer) in 1981 and in India as Nicardia® (J. B. Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals) in 1985.

Conventional Nifedipine shows the rapid onset and short duration of action which results in prompt and marked hypotensive effect but exhibits reflex SNS activation leading to flushing, tachycardia, worsening myocardial ischemia, and cerebrovascular ischemia. Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) formulation addresses many of the concerns surrounding the older formulations of Nifedipine. Nifedipine GITS is a gold standard once-daily formulation of Nifedipine which allows relatively constant plasma drug concentrations over 24 hours. Nifedipine GITS provides a controlled release and gradual onset of action of Nifedipine, avoiding the reflex SNS activation resulting in improved tolerability and compliance.

Clinical studies suggest that long-acting formulations of Nifedipine have slightly greater antihypertensive actions than Amlodipine. Nifedipine was also found to be more efficient than other CCBs like Amlodipine, Nicardipine, and Isradipine in resistant hypertensive patients. The addition of Nifedipine GITS to the conventional treatment of angina pectoris is safe and reduces the need for coronary angiography and interventions.

Several landmark trials have demonstrated that long-acting Nifedipine improves endothelial function and arterial stiffness and reduces albuminuria, LV hypertrophy, atherosclerotic plaques and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.

This comprehensive review focuses on the superiority of the Nifedipine GITS formulation over the conventional Nifedipine and elaborates on the role of long-acting Nifedipine as a CCB of choice for the management of hypertension, resistant hypertension, angina pectoris and coronary artery disease.

Keywords – Calcium Channel Blockers, Nifedipine, Long-Acting Nifedipine, Nifedipine GITS, Nifedipine Extended Release, Nicardia XL.