bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Anticonvulsant activity of Phyllanthus urinaria L. in Swiss albino rats
Authors: Deshpande Mangirish , Dighe Pearl , Biradar Bheemangouda , Jadhav Santosh
Published: May 2024

Phyllanthus urinaria commonly known as Bhumyamlaki is an annual perennial plant indigenous to the Indian subcontinent and is used in traditional medicine as antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and hepatoprotective. An ayurvedic text such as Bhavprakashnighantu describes P. urinaria is useful in reducing hyperactivity and beneficial in the treatment “Pittajapasmara” (type of epilepsy as described in ayurveda). The present study aimed to evaluate traditional claims in the folk medicine of bhumyamlaki (P. urinaria) which can be beneficial in the treatment of epilepsy using wistar albino rats. The anticonvulsant activity was carried out using the MES-induced seizure and PTZ-induced seizure model. In the MES-induced seizure model, animals were divided into a group of 5 (n=6). Group I was treated with saline, group II-IV was treated with ethanolic extract of P. urinaria (EPU) at the dose level of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. Standard drug phenytoin (25 mg/kg., p.o) was given to group V. Similar grouping was done in PTZ induced seizure model with deviation of the standard group which was treated with diazepam (4 mg/kg., i.p). Anticonvulsant activity was noted by accessing the parameters such as delay in the tonic hind limb extension, stupor, and decrease in mortality. It was observed that ethanolic extract of the whole plant of P. urinaria has significant (p < 0.001) anticonvulsant activity causing the delay in onset of tonic and clonic seizures and improved percentage protection against mortality. Further research is required to find out the exact mechanism of action.
Formulation and Characterization of Hyaluronic Acid Anchored Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles for Delivery of Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Jain Anushree , Jain Prateek K. , Khan Rubina , Jain Nidhi , Khare Basant , Thakur Bhupendra S. , Dubey Naina , Khan Imran
Published: May 2024

Methotrexate (MTX), a stoichiometric inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, is a chemotherapeutic agent for treating a variety of neoplasms. The objective of the present study was to synthesize nanoparticles of MTX using hyaluronic acid-polyethyleneglycol-polycaprolactone (HA-PEG-PCL) copolymer for tumor targeting. Targeting efficiency of HA-PEG-PCL nanoparticles was compared with non-HA-containing nanoparticles polycaprolactone. The copolymers were chemically synthesized and characterized by IR and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopes. The nanoparticles were characterized for shape and morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size, percentage of drug entrapment and in-vitro drug release profile. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were also performed to appraise the crystalline or amorphous nature of MTX inside the polymer matrix. Formulations were prepared using different MTX: polymer ratios (1:0.05-3:0.15 w/w) and the optimum formulation with the drug: polymer ratio of 1:0.05 showed the mean particle size of 185 ± 2.21 nm and entrapment efficiency of 93.16 ± 2.1% in the case of HA-PEG-PCL nanoparticles, while the values were 140 ± 1.24 nm and 90.12 ± 1.3%, respectively, in the case of PCL nanoparticles. The nanoparticles prepared using copolymers HA-PEG-PCL showed their potential to sustain the MTX release. MTX-HA-PEG-PCL nanoparticles showed 95.08 ± 2.50% release of MTX in 96 hours while MTX-PCL nanoparticles released almost 100% of the drug in the same duration. The stability was evaluated in terms of particle size and residual drug content, the nanoparticles formulations were found to be more stable at 5 ± 3°C and then 40 ± 2°C. These results suggest that HA-PEG-PCL nanoparticles could be an efficient delivery system for MTX for targeted therapy of cancer.
In vivo and In vitro Diabetic Wound Healing Effects of Salvadora persica Twig Extract and its Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Nehete Minakshi , Tatke Pratima
Published: May 2024

Due to unclear etiology, the healing impairment of diabetic patients is still a serious clinical problem for physicians worldwide. The impaired wound healing in diabetic wound has brought attention to promoting healing process and prevent complications arising from diabetic wounds. Salvadora persica (S. persica) is reported to possess wound-healing activity in fresh rats. However, there is no scientific report on the wound-healing activity of S. persica twigs extract on diabetic wounds. Hence, the aim of the present study is to evaluate in-vivo wound healing activity of methanol extract of S. persica twigs in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, angiogenesis and fibroblast proliferation activities of S. persica twigs extract were investigated to understand the mechanism of action behind the wound healing process. Methanol extract of S. persica twigs extract was formulated into topical gel using carbopol 971 P NF polymer as gelling agent and wound healing activity of the developed gel was evaluated using incision, excision and dead space wound models in diabetic rats. The developed topical gel accelerated the wound healing process as assessed by increased wound contraction, breaking strength, hydroxyproline and hexosamine content. Such investigation was encouraged by the efficiency of the methanol extract of S. persica twigs as antimicrobial, antioxidant, fibroblast proliferating and angiogenic properties. Hence, it can be concluded that topical gel containing methanol extract of S. persica twigs may be helpful in the enhanced healing of diabetic wounds.
In Vitro Pancreatic Lipase, Alpha-Amylase and Αlpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of the Phytochemical Barbaloin
Authors: Pallerla Praneetha , Varghese Leemol , Mallavaram Rajeswari , Vemuri Jyothi
Published: May 2024

In the present study the phytochemical, barbaloin was studied for in-vitro pancreatic lipase, alpha (α)-amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The aim of this work is to evaluate the inhibitory activities of the phytochemical, barbaloin at different concentrations. Pancreatic lipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the lipids obtained from the diet which acts as an important target to treat obesity. The natural medicines that can inhibit pancreatic lipase enzyme and thus decrease absorption of dietary fat in the body gained much attention for the treatment and prevention of obesity. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder marked by an elevated level of glucose that circulates in the blood plasma. Alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitors are used to attain control over hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was designed to screen the novel pancreatic lipase, alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitors using a phytochemical, barbaloin in order to minimize the toxicity and side effects of the inhibitors which are used at present to treat the disorders like obesity and hyperglycemia. The phytochemical, barbaloin exhibited significant pancreatic lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with an IC50 value 5.52µg/ml, 8.22µg/ml and 5.81µg/ml respectively and well compared with standard orlistat for pancreatic lipase and acarbose for alpha (α)-amylase and alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitory activities respectively.
Structure Based Virtual Screening of Rivastigmine Derivatives as Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Mandal Bhagirath , Niyogi Syamantak , Sarkar Kaushik , Das Rajesh Kumar
Published: May 2024

The interaction of large protein molecules with small drug molecules is studiedthrough in silico studies. The molecular docking and other important pharmacokinetic (ADMET) propertiesof the compounds were carried out withrivastigmine and its derivatives againstprotein Bovine Serum Albumin (PDB: 4F5S) to describe their better protein-ligand interactions and binding affinities. Rivastigmineisapromising drug that is usedto treat Alzheimerdisease.But due to the increased drug resistance property, its use becomes less effective.Hence, better drugs with higher potency are needed against this Alzheimer disease. In order to design a more potent drug computationally, we have taken here 52 derivatives of Rivastigmineand were docked against protein Bovine Serum Albumin. Besides, quantum chemical parameters like HOMO-LUMO bandgap energy and other important pharmacological analysis like ADMET studies were also carried outto predictbetter drug candidature. Molecular dynamics simulation and MMPBSA binding free energy calculations were also validated. From this computational study, 14 designed compounds werefound to have better potencyagainst Alzheimer disease.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of Medinilla beddomei C B Clarke and its antimicrobial activity
Authors: NAIR ATHIRA R K , V Joycy Varghese , Joseph Elsam
Published: May 2024

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized from aqueous leaf extract of Medinilla beddomei C B Clarke and evaluated its antimicrobial activity against different bacterial and fungal strains. Here silver nanoparticles were synthesized through green route using leaves of M. beddomei, confirmed by colour change and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The silver nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X ray diffraction studies. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the silver nanoparticles was performed by agar well diffusion method against four bacterial strains and two fungal strains. The formation of silver nanoparticles after treatment was confirmed by the colour change of the aqueous leaf extract into dark brown. TEM and XRD studies revealed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles are almost spherical in shape with an average size of 18.88 nm. The silver nanoparticles synthesized from M. beddomei showed high antimicrobial activity for concentrations of 50µg/ml and 100µg/ml. The highest antimicrobial activity was found against Aspergillus niger. The zone of inhibition of fungal strain shown by A. niger (36.00 ±1.50 mm) at 100µg/ml was higher than that of Ciprofloxacin (28.00±1.57 mm) at 200 mg/ml, the positive control. The silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous leaf extract of M. beddomei possess high antimicrobial efficacy against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. It can be exploited well in the pharmaceutical industry and for nanomedicine also.
Evaluation of Cell Viability Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Caryota urens Linn. and Couroupita guianensis aublet Leaves in a Model of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma as a Xenograft model
Authors: TRIVEDI NAITIKKUMAR D. , Patel Kunj , Patel Hardikkumar K. , Trivedi Upama N. , Jogdand Swati V.
Published: May 2024

Plants used in traditional medicine have been identified as the primary source of anticancer agents. One of the cancer-related parameters is the cell viability parameter. Current study aimed to evaluate cell viability effects and antioxidant activity of Caryota urens Linn. and Couroupita guianensis aublet leaves using xenograft model by transplantation of ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells into mice. Animals were randomly divided into seven groups of six animals each. For 10 days, EAC cells (2 × 106 cells/mouse) were injected i.p. into each mouse in each group except the normal control and vehicle control groups. The treatment drugs were compared with standard 5-fluorouracil. Group I received water as a control, group II received 0.9% normal saline, group III received 0.5% CMC, group IV received EAC cells as a model control group, group V received EAC cells with 5-flourouracil treatment, group VI received EAC cells with C. urens linn extract, and group VII received EAC cells with C. guianensis aublet. After 10 days of treatment, animals were sacrificed, ascitic fluid was collected for evaluation of cell viability effects, blood collected for hematological parameter estimation, and liver tissue was collected for histopathological study and evaluation of antioxidant activity. Study results of C. urens linn and C. guianensis aublet both shows significant positive effects on cell viability and antioxidant activity. In the study visible differences were observed in liver tissue of different groups. Disease control groups showed damaged liver cells, while the treatment group showed less damage than disease control. Both plants produced positive effects on cell viability and antioxidant activity, resulting in a decrease in viable cell count.
Dolutegravir Loaded Solid Self-Micro-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Enhanced Solubility and Dissolution
Authors: Biradar Mahesh Manohar , Mehta Parul
Published: May 2024

Dolutegravir sodium (DG) is a recently approved antiretroviral drug belonging to BCS class II having poor aqueous solubility and only 16% oral bioavailability. Hence aim of the present work was to develop solid self micro-emulsifying drug delivery system (S-SMEDDS) of Dolutegravir for enhanced solubility and dissolution behaviour. Initially, solubility of DG was checked to select oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant. Pseudo ternary phase diagram was constructed to identify microemulsion region. Liquid SMEDDS of DG were prepared using Campul MCM, Tween 80 and Transcutol P as oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively. The effect of different oil, surfactant and co-surfactant concentrations on particle size, zeta potential and %transmittance was studied using Box–Behnken factorial design. The obtained liquid SMEDDS was evaluated for its thermodynamic stability, globule size, robustness to dilution, viscosity, dye solubilization test, cloud point, etc. Satisfactory formulations of liquid SMEDDS were converted to solid form by adsorption technique using Neusilin US2 as a solid carrier. Evaluation of S-SMEDDS showed that solubility of DG in S-SMEDDS increases from 0.270 to 33.52 mg/mL. In-vitro drug release of S-DG4 showed 99.86 ± 1.47% drug release within 120 minutes while plain DG showed 32.55 ± 1.52%. Hence study revealed that S-SMEDDS is a promising approach to enhance solubility, dissolution and hence bioavailability of poorly aqueous soluble drug like DG.
A SYSTEMATIC MAPPING REVIEW OF IN-VITRO AND IN-VIVO EVIDENCES EXPLORING THE ROLE OF STRAIN-SPECIFIC PROBIOTIC BIFIDOBACTERIUM LONGUM W11
Authors: Kheni Dharmeshkumar B. , Sureja Varun P. , Deshpande Shrikalp S. , Dubey Vishal P. , Kansagra Jignesh J.
Published: May 2024

The gut microbiome has a significant role in overall well-being. Various probiotics are currently used for the improvement of the gut microbiome; the current scoping review aimed to critically examine the effectiveness of Bifidobacterium longum W11 in healthy and disease states. A thorough search of the literature was done in three scientific databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) to identify and retrieve in-vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical evidence that evaluated the effect of B. longum W11 probiotic. Two independent reviewers identified and screened articles, published from 2000 to 2023 from the databases. Data from eligible studies were extracted, compiled, critically evaluated for scientific strength, and presented in this scoping review. Initially, 663 articles were identified and after a complete screening and evaluation process, twenty-one articles (eight in-vitro and animal studies; thirteen clinical studies) were included. Pre-clinical data suggest that B. longum W11 can withstand the severe gastrointestinal environment and colonize the intestinal epithelial cells to a significant degree. Due to the presence of a specific EPS cluster gene, B. longum W11 is capable of producing unique exopolysaccharides that might be responsible for the adhesion and functional capabilities of B. longum W11. Additionally, the specific mutation in the rpoB gene confers the B. longum W11 resistance to all rifamycin derivatives (including rifaximin). Clinical studies involving individuals with constipation and irritable bowel syndrome have shown that B. longum W11 supplementation significantly improves the overall quality of life and reduces the severity of symptoms. Furthermore, B. longum W11 was found to be effective in minimal hepatic encephalopathy and active celiac disease conditions. Due to the antibiotic resistance, the simultaneous use of rifaximin and B. longum W11 in patients with uncomplicated diverticular disease condition resulted in greater improvement in various symptoms compared to rifaximin supplementation alone. These data suggest that B. longum W11 is a potential probiotic that can be administered along with antibiotics in various gastrointestinal disease conditions. This evidence suggests that B. longum W11 is a promising probiotic with potential applications in various functional and inflammatory GI-related complications. Further clinical studies and stringent systematic reviews are needed to strengthen the outcomes of the current study.
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF VORICONAZOLE TABLETS CONTAINING SOLID DISPERSION WITH ENHANCED SOLUBILITY, DISSOLUTION AND BIOAVAILABILITY
Authors: Velhal Atish B. , Salunkhe Vijay R.
Published: May 2024

This research work enhances the solubility, dissolution and bioavailability of Voriconazole which belongs to BCS II class. Carboxymethyl tamarind gum was synthesized by using carboxymethylation of tamarind gum. Solid dispersion of Voriconazole was developed by kneading method followed by immediate release tablets. Solid dispersion characterised for solubility and instrumental analysis. Tablets were evaluated for dissolution study. Solid dispersions were confirmed by presence of distinctive peaks at 1745.58 cm-1 (C=O) and 1402 cm-1 (-COO-), using Infrared spectroscopy. The weight loss of 3.91% and 54.42 % at 100°C and in the rage of 235°C-425°C respectively was observed. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of carboxymethyl tamarind gum displayed three distinct peaks of C1, -OH, and CH2O- group. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that ccarboxymethyl tamarind gum exhibits an amorphous structure. Soild dispersion of Voriconazole were developed using the kneading method, incorporating carboxymethyl tamarind gum. Compared to traditional methods, Solid dispersion formulated with carboxymethyl tamarind gum demonstrated a significant increase in solubility enhancement, ranging from 68.12 to 74.37-fold. Notably, the SD5 formulation exhibited complete release from the solid dispersion within 120 minutes. In rat models, Voriconazole levels in the bloodstream were markedly elevated with the administration of solid dispersion. Furthermore, dissolution profiles of all formulation batches showed considerable improvement. These findings shed light on effective strategies for enhancing the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs, thus contributing to the advancement of drug delivery systems.
In silico analysis of anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of bioactive compounds from Pancratium triflorum (Roxb)
Authors: KURIAN THOMAS , SEBASTIAN RANI
Published: May 2024

Herbal remedies with medicinal properties have been utilized in Asian countries for centuries. Recently, Pancratium triflorum Roxb., also known as the forest spider lily, has captured the attention of researchers due to its potential therapeutic benefits. This plant produces white flowers and contains several important phytochemicals, including Lycorine, citrate, Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, Quercetin, and Kaempferol. Molecular docking, a computer simulation technique, has been used to identify potential drug candidates that can bind effectively to the active site of a protein. This study explored the anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of Pancratium triflorum Roxb.'s Phyto-constituents using molecular docking with Auto dock 4.2.6. The study focused on the Vioxx-bound human Cox2 receptor and the Tyrosine kinase receptor bound to Gliteritinib. Standard ligands were used for redocking, and the Swiss ADME software was employed for bioavailability prediction to validate the findings. The results showed that Lycorine and Crinine have excellent anti-inflammatory properties, while Kaempferol and Quercetin have promising anticancer properties. Further research is necessary, but these findings suggest that Pancratium triflorum Roxb. could be a valuable addition to the medical world. However, further research is required to validate these findings, and in vivo studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of these phytochemicals as potential drug candidates.
Ethanolic Extract of Alternanthera Sessilis: A Potential Therapeutic Agent for Behavioral Improvements in Reserpine-Induced Parkinsonian Rats
Authors: S Syed Liyakath Ali , P. V. Balaji , R Aravind Kumar , M Thirumaran , V Manibalan
Published: May 2024

The present study evaluated the potential of an ethanol extract from Alternanthera sessilis to alleviate reserpine-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) like behavioural manifestations in rats. The animals were grouped into five: a control group, a group receiving only reserpine, a group treated with levodopa and carbidopa, and two groups given different doses of the Alternanthera sessilis extract. Reserpine was used to mimic PD symptoms, while the extract was administered orally at two different concentrations. The behavioral tests were conducted to assess locomotor activity, grip strength, catalepsy, and rearing activity. Locomotor activity was measured using an actophotometer, where interruptions in light beams caused by the rates were recorded over a    10-minute period. Grip strength was evaluated using a rotarod apparatus, measuring the time taken for rats to fall off individual rods. Catalepsy was assessed through a bar test, measuring the time for rats to descend from a horizontal bar to the base. Rearing activity was observed in a round open field arena, with parameters including the occurrence rate of rearing, general movements score, and duration spent in the center of the arena. The results revealed administration of reserpine led to a decrease in body weight, locomotor activity, muscle coordination, catalepsy score, rearing activity, and grip strength compared to the control group. Conversely, treatment with levodopa and carbidopa resulted in increased values for these parameters. Importantly, administration of Alternanthera sessilis extract showed a dose-dependent reversal of the effects induced by reserpine, with significant increases observed in body weight, locomotor activity, muscle coordination, rearing activity, general movement, and grip strength, indicating its potential therapeutic effects. In conclusion, the present study results suggest that the extract from the Alternanthera sessilis plant might protect brain cells and improve symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, more research is needed to understand how it works and if it can be used safely and effectively clinical trails.
Androgenetic Alopecia: update on Etiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: P Cherishma Raju , Baraka Babiker Bashir Haroun , Rao Bhagya V , Karadi Chetana S , Gowda Sneha V , Kumar Ramesh
Published: May 2024

Alopecia means loss of hair. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) now called as patterned hair loss (male pattern hair loss; MPHL, female pattern hair loss; FPHL) is caused by androgens in a predisposed individual. It is modulated by factors like age, sex, genes, smoking, and alcohol. If untreated this leads to psychological problems like stress, anxiety, depression and decrease self-confidence which affect quality of life. A thorough clinical examination and a certain hormonal estimation could reveal levels of androgens, hyperandrogenism, adrenal hyperplasia, (PCOS) polycystic ovarian syndrome, and ovarian/adrenal tumors. A simple Trichoscopy could show the typical picture of hair miniaturization commonly seen in this condition. Finally, a biopsy of the scalp could help in clinching conclusive diagnosis. Out of the many treatments at our disposal, the non-pharmacologic methods like temporary camouflage techniques, synthetic hair wigs, hair-thickening fibers, hair weaving, pigmented powders are useful. Semi-permanent options like scalp micro-pigmentation (thorough tattooing) are useful to enhance appearances. Presently the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) approved pharmacologic treatments are Minoxidil and Finasteride. The non-USFDA approved methods of treatments like various surgical procedures {[hair transplantation]: follicular unit transplantation (FUT), follicular unit extraction (FUE), microneedling, light therapy, indigenous medicines, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)}, and various loco-regional hair care practices are in vogue. The outcome of this review is to offer the latest update and insights into the newer novel therapies in patterned hair loss. Also, the patients could enhance their knowledge about the condition, the benefits and prognosis of each treatment.
MANAGING CHIARI II MALFORMATION IN A COMPLEX PEDIATRIC CASE: A REPORT
Authors: Radhanpura Yash , Gadhiya Harshil , Tirgar Pravin
Published: May 2024

Chiari II malformation (CM-II) is an innate CNS condition in which the medulla oblongata, pons, fourth ventricle, and cerebellum move lower inside the spinal canal. This abnormality is one of the leading causes of neonatal and infant death. The diagnosis of CM-II in the patient necessitates a thorough understanding of the findings. In this case report, we demonstrate a Chiari malformation II identified by MRI of the brain and spine. This case also highlights the need for neuropsychological evaluation in CM-II in terms of providing guidance for psychoeducation and psychotherapy.
Nuances críticas e embates: atuação dos movimentos sociais do/pelo campo na constituinte de 1988
Authors: Alves de Freitas Adenisia , Lopes Maia Cláudio
Published: May 2024

Pretende-se com a produção do artigo, analisar aspectos da Comissão Pastoral da Terra e do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Terra, identificando os principais pontos de reivindicação, com o objetivo de apreender quais foram as necessidades e críticas realizadas. Possuindo como problemática no desenvolvimento da produção textual: Quais as pretensões que fizeram parte das reivindicações de ambos os movimentos pelo/do campo, durante a constituinte de 1987/88? Conjuntamente, identificar os reflexos dos debates, relacionado com a questão agrária. Desdobramentos que englobam a reforma agrária, como via proporcionadora da justiça social. Na fundamentação teórica, será considerada a obra “Buraco Negro: a reforma agrária na constituinte” de José Gomes da Silva (1989), destaque para a questão agrária. Adentrando em pontos do caderno do Direito Achado na Rua da Universidade de Brasília, incluindo pontos das pesquisas em relação a Constituição de 1988, desdobramentos e nuances sobre os problemas agrários, através do terceiro volume: “Introdução crítica ao Direito Agrário”. A pesquisa pretende incluir edições dos Cadernos de Conflito no Campo da Comissão Pastoral da Terra, abarcando a perspectiva de atuação do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra, atinente à delimitação temporal na constituinte de 1987/88 e os contrapontos em relação aos movimentos sociais
A construção da Agroecologia em Mato Grosso: outras perspectivas para o desenvolvimento rural no Estado
Authors: Gervazio Wagner , Teles Arantes Felipe Rafaella , Heloisa Maia Ana , Gonçalves Nobre Henderson , Meira Teixeira Vagner
Published: May 2024

Quando se fala em Mato Grosso, no imaginário popular, é a “terra do agro” negócio. Diante desse cenário, no MT a Agroecologia tem se tornado cada vez mais necessária. Assim, o objetivo é compreender o processo histórico da organização e da construção da Agroecologia, bem como, a formação histórica desse processo em Mato Grosso. Esse estudo foi realizado através de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O primeiro registro histórico da Agroecologia em MT, deu-se no ano de 1987, em Cuiabá, onde foi realizado o III Encontro Brasileiro de Agricultura Alternativa. A partir disso, surgiram vários grupos, organizações e atores sociais que começaram a trabalhar com Agroecologia e que contribuem com a sua construção, através de experiências técnico-produtivas e socioambientais; científicas e políticas espalhadas no chão mato-grossense. A construção da Agroecologia em MT é um processo permanente e de luta.
Bourdieu e Passeron vão ao campo: abordagem teórico-metodológica
Authors: Andreatta Whitaker Dulce Consuelo , Flores Ana Flávia , Mariano Thatiany , Botta Ferrante Vera Lucia Silveira , Ferri Cintrão Janaina Florinda
Published: May 2024

A intenção deste artigo é demonstrar possibilidades da abordagem baseada na análise dialética quando tentamos explicar o real a partir de teorias formuladas em outros contextos – no caso aqui, a Teoria da Reprodução. Para tanto, estamos confrontando a elaboradíssima Teoria de Bourdieu e Passeron (1975) com os dados de uma entrevista bastante expressiva que nos foi concedida por uma jovem criada na zona rural – um assentamento de Reforma Agrária – jovem esta que alcançou altos níveis de escolaridade atingindo curso superior de prestígio em universidade pública, superando, portanto, a objetividade do real, ou seja, os obstáculos previstos enfaticamente pela “Grande Teoria”, os quais inegavelmente atuam no nível sistêmico.
دور صليب سامي في السياسة المصرية((1936 – 1941 ))
Authors: محمد الجبوري طه خلف , خلف الجبوري ابراهيم صبحي
Published: May 2024

يستعرض البحث حقبة رئيسية ومهمة من حياة السياسي المصري الشهير صليب سامي، وتحديداً حقبة السياسة المصرية أبان الحرب العالمية الثانية، وهي من الحقب الصعبة، نظراً لتشدد وتزمت السلطات البريطانية بالبقاء بمسك زمام إدارة وتوجيه السياسية المصرية على حسب ما تقتضي مصالحها، وقد اثبت صليب سامي نجاحاً واضحاً في إدارة المهام التي انيطت به، أذ اصبح بقائه من متطلبات السياسة البريطانية في مصر ، على الرغم من سياسته الوطنية، والمكاسب الكبيرة التي تمكن من تحقيقها لصالح مصر.
اتجاهات الاخراج المسرحى الحداثي للعروض العراقية فى مهرجان المسرح العربي (نماذج مختارة)
Authors: علي عدنان حسين
Published: May 2024

من المعروف أن الاهتمام بالبحث العلمي المنهجي في فن الممثل في المسرح الغربي لم يكن ليبدأ بالفعل إلا مع ظهور المنطق الطبيعي للأداء في النصف الثاني من القرن التاسع عشر وتحت تأثير روح البحث العلمي المزدهرة، التي أفرزت عدداً متزايداً من الأدوات والوسائل العلمية الدقيقة، وعملت على تطويرها بهدف استكشاف وتحديد أبعاد العالم الطبيعي.
وقد كان من الضروري أن يستجيب لهذه النقلة القادة الجدد للفن المسرحي (المخرجون) وهكذا أصبح المسرح أشبه بالمعمل الذي يبحث فيه مخرجون عظام مثل (أندريه أنطوان – إدوارد كريج – ستانسلافسكي – مايير هولد – بريخت – بيكت – يونسكو – أداموف – بيتر فايس – بيتر بروك – مايكل كيري – روبرت ويلسون – ريتشارد فورمان – وغيرهم).
وتناول البحث تجربة كلاً من: مهند هادى وعماد محمد فى عروضهم المشاركة فى مهرجان المسرح العربى بتونس 2018.
Reflections of Postcolonial Trauma in Lisa Ko’s The Leavers
Authors: Al-Douri Hamdi Hameed , Abdul-Aziz Shaymaa Saber
Published: May 2024

The term "trauma" is used to describe ambiguous and long-term harms. The study of psychological trauma has led to the creative representation of literary trauma. Even though the cultural trauma theory is increasingly criticized as being unsuitable for the research agenda of postcolonial studies, the diversity and expanding number of responses to it in postcolonial criticism show the theory's continued appeal. The key question in the discussion of trauma theory and postcolonial literary studies is still whether trauma theory can be successfully "postcolonized" in the sense of being usefully combined with postcolonial theory. Maybe this is one of the unique abilities of literary criticism: to develop the capacity to recognize connections that we were previously unaware of. The search shows the significance of finding closure to transcend past ordeals. The search is an analytical study of Lisa Ko’s novel Leavers. It gives a brief background to the novel and the novelist which displays in what way the novel tackles postcolonial trauma. The main two characters who suffer trauma show the possibility of trauma recovery by achieving their closures. The novel succeeds in depicting trauma and achieving recovery through the main character’s pursuit to find his closure. The study also demonstrates that despite the multiplicity of traumatic causatives, victims have significant symptoms, and their lives and destiny are contingent on their abilities to achieve closure.
Sociocultural Change, Communication, and Learning in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors:   Faculty of Communication and Creative Design, Budi Luhur University, Indonesia, Maring Prudensius , Vera Nawiroh ,   Faculty of Communication and Creative Design, Budi Luhur University, Indonesia, Wicaksono Bintarto ,   Faculty of Communication and Creative Design, Budi Luhur University, Indonesia, Reza Yuliana Choerul ,   Faculty of Communication and Creative Design, Budi Luhur University, Indonesia
Published: May 2024

The assessment of village progress takes more into account economic and physical aspects and pays less attention to the sociocultural aspects carried out by the community. Socioeconomic pressures on village communities can hinder people's opportunities to learn about the culture rooted in the community. The research question is how to drive sociocultural change in villages through persuasive communication and social learning. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods such as in-depth interviews and participatory observation. This research was carried out in Jabung, Central Java, Indonesia, at the end of 2022. The results of the study show the importance of revitalizing sociocultural values that are rooted in village communities, such as mutual cooperation [gotong royong], mutual respect [unggah-ungguh], acceptance and gratitude [nrimo], respecting ancestors, and respecting the value of life for all living things. The results of sociocultural revitalization are supported through persuasive communication approaches, social learning processes, and collective community involvement. Theoretically, this research shows a conceptual correlation between sociocultural change, persuasive communication, and the social learning process.
Modern Utopia: Yuval Noah Harari
Authors: Kornienko Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of utopia, in particular, attention is paid to the problem of the crisis of utopian thought that arose at the end of the twentieth century and continues to the present. The author examines the features of philosophical criticism of modernity by the ideologist of the future and futurist Yuval Noah Harari. The purpose of this study is to find out whether Yuval Noah Harari is a utopian of our time, and the model of the near future proposed by Y. Harari, which represents a natural reaction of society to the global value and ideological crisis, is a modern utopia by signs. In the course of researching issues related to the crisis of utopian thought of our time, the author proceeds from the postulate that utopia is a special type of predictive reflection, a worldview built in orientation towards the probable future. The research is based on the concept of K. Manheim, according to which utopia is an attitude of consciousness oriented towards the future, as well as from the definition of utopia as an idealized social construct, fundamentally unrealizable as a whole. The scientific novelty of this study is as follows: the main concepts of understanding modern utopia are identified, the specifics of describing the realities of modernity are substantiated, characteristics relevant to the worldview of the XXI century are identified, proceeding from the categories of philosophizing of a new kind, the features of Yuval Noah Harari's criticism of the utopia of a new formation are revealed. The result of the study shows that Yuval Noah Harari is a modern utopian, and his project is considered an escapist-type utopia of modernity, based on social stratification. This utopia is escapist, because for one part of humanity it is unrealizable and is only a means of escape from reality, while for another part of it it can serve as a full-fledged project of the future, claiming to be realized. It also has such an ontological property as temporality, since it corresponds to the realities of its time in terms of content.
Exposure to Mycophenolic Acid and Its Clinical Response in an Indian Pediatric Population with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Deepthi R. V. , Arumadi Manjusha , Eriyat Vishnu , Mathew Sumith K. , Mathew Binu S. , Agarwal Indira , Prabha Ratna
Published: May 2024

Background:

Children with nephrotic syndrome experience many side effects and frequent relapses when treated with steroids and other drugs. Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is one of the effective and least toxic drug for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. This drug needs to be monitored for maximal efficacy and minimal toxicity. The therapeutic reference range for this drug is not established for the aforementioned patient population of Indian origin.

Materials and Methods:

In this observational study, children with nephrotic syndrome on mycophenolate mofetil were followed up for a minimum duration of three months. Following this, their clinical status (relapse/remission) was determined and the mycophenolate exposure was measured for over 12 hours.

Results:

A total of 34 participants were included, with 17 (50%) in relapse. Median MPA Area under the curve over 12 hours (AUC0–12h) (36.5 µg·h/ml) in the remission group differed significantly compared to that in the relapse group (17.2 µg·h/ml).

Conclusion:

Higher exposure to MPA AUC0–12h is associated with clinical remission of pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
Using eGFR and Albumin Creatinine Ratio as an Initial Screening Tool in Trinidadian Primary Care to Identify High-risk Population for CKD: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mahadevappa Karthik , Nayak Shivananda B. , Maharaj Rohan G. , Bhaktha Geetha
Published: May 2024

Background:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health burden and is often undiagnosed in the primary care setting. Untested and untreated, this often leads to renal failure and dialysis.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study of adults aged 20 years and over, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension, with no previous history or record of CKD, and attending three chronic disease clinics in the Eastern Regional Health Authority (ERHA). Patients were screened for risk of CKD by using the albumin creatinine ratio. The eGFR was calculated based on serum creatinine by using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (EPI) 2009 equation.

Results:

In total, 430 patients agreed to participate with 61.2% of response rate. Of the 385 with complete data, 357 (92%) were detected as having a high risk for CKD; older patients (>66 years) and those with both diabetes and hypertension had high proportions of risk for CKD. There were significant associations between age, systolic hypertension, and the severity of risk for CKD.

Conclusion:

CKD is common at the primary care level among adults with NCDs in Trinidad, with many patients having been left out without being tested for CKD. Primary care physicians must take this into consideration in caring for NCD patients.
Enhancing technical proficiency through small-sided basketball games: A strategic approach for students athletes
Authors: Perdima Feby Elra , Apriansyah Dolly , Sumantri Ajis , Ertanto Dody , Sofyan Davi
Published: May 2024

Background Problems: Due to the intricate nature of the game and the requirement for proficiency in core skills like dribbling, passing, shooting, and defensive positioning, basketball players frequently have difficulties developing their technical abilities. Traditional training approaches may not focus enough on these skills, leaving room for growth. Research Objective: This study investigates how well basketball players' technical skills may be improved through game-based instruction, particularly small-sided basketball games. The study aims to address the need for a more focused approach to technical elements by highlighting the value of focused practice in pertinent game scenarios. Methods: The type of research used was quantitative research with a sample of 12 amateur athletes. The instrument used is the game performance evaluation tool (GPET). Quantitative data from pre- and post-assessments were examined using the appropriate statistical techniques, such as paired t-tests or analysis of variance (ANOVA). For the study, basketball players with various skill levels were listed. Small groups of participants received specialised training to develop their technical abilities. Findings and Results: Participants' technical proficiency significantly improved after strategically focused practice using small-sided basketball games. The outcomes show that this game-based method works well for improving basic abilities, including passing, dribbling, shooting, and positioning defensively. The results highlight how effective it is to use small-sided games to help basketball players enhance their skills. Conclusion: The study concludes that small-sided basketball games are an effective strategy for improving basketball players' technical proficiency. Notwithstanding several constraints, such as a comparatively limited sample size and consistency in participant skill levels, the findings indicate that focused practice in pertinent gaming environments produces notable enhancements. To better understand the potential of this strategy for players of different skill levels, future studies should include additional variables like training amounts and differences in small-sided game structures.
Livro de tombo do Convento Carmelita do Recife: transcrição completa
Authors: Honor André Cabral
Published: May 2024

O presente livro é fruto de um trabalho de transcrição paleográfica feita pela Oficina Permanente de Paleografia da Universidade de Brasília do Livro de Tombo do Convento do Carmo do Recife (PE). Fundada no final do século XVII, o Convento do Carmo do Recife encontra-se em pleno funcionamento até os dias atuais, porém boa parte de sua documentação se perdeu ao longo do tempo. O livro original encontra-se atualmente sob a guarda do Arquivo Dom José Lamartine da Arquidiocese de Olinda e Recife, localizado na cidade do Recife.
PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF CREATIVITY IN WRITING
Authors: Basri Nurfajriah , Nur Sahril , Salija Kisman , Nur Safar
Published: May 2024

This paper is a critical literature review of psychological studies of creativity in writing from the top studies year 2013 until 2022 and compares crucial criteria and techniques. This systematic review attempts to address three research questions, i.e What is the research theory of existing studies that are being investigated based on a systematic literature review, what psychological aspects of creative writing are discussed in the reviewed paper, and what research methods were used in the studies that were included. Eight studies systematically reviewed all aspects of psychology from these studies, the findings of this study also mostly measured students’ motivation in creating writing from various education levels. Mostly, the previous researcher used a quantitative method to analyze the data that were 4 articles in the reviewed paper. Meanwhile, a similar number of articles were qualitative and quantitative methods. Keywords: Psychological studies, Creativity in writing, systematic review
CHARACTER EDUCATIONAL VALUES IN ENCANTO ANIMATION MOVIE
Authors: Sari Rensi Kumala , Baluqiah Kiagus , Susyla Dian , Angraini Ria
Published: May 2024

This research aimed to find out and describe the types of character educational values conveyed in Encanto animation movie. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The researchers used Kemendikbud formulation to analyze character educational values. The 18 types of character educational values, based on Kemendikbud includes religious, honesty, tolerance, discipline, hardworking, creativity, independent, democratic, curiosity, national spirit, love for the homeland, appreciate achievement, communicative, love peace, likes to read, cares about the environment, cares about social, and responsibility. In this research only 11-character educational values were found. They are honesty, tolerance, discipline, creativity, curiosity, love for the homeland, appreciate achievement, communicative, love peace, cares about social, responsibility. So, there are 7-character educational values that have not been conveyed in Encanto animation movie. They are religious, independent, democratic, hardworking, national spirit, likes to read, and cares about the environment. There are 58 dialogues conveyed as the character educational values. Those are 2 values of  honesty, 1 value of tolerance, 1 value of discipline, 3 values of creativity, 13 values of curiosity, 1 value of love for the homeland, 2 values of appreciate achievement, 4 values of communicative, 8 values of love peace, 22 values of cares about social, and 1 value of responsibility. Then, the researchers found the dominant character educational values in the movie is cares about social which is conveyed in 22 dialogues.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ERA ON THE STUDENTS’ ENGLISH COMMUNICATION
Authors: Syarifuddin Syarifuddin , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: May 2024

This research was aimed at finding out the impact of the COVID-19 era on English students' communication skills at the University of Muhammadiyah Bone. This research was a descriptive qualitative design. The source data was from the students of the English education department. This research used a purposive sampling technique. The students were 20 and were taken from the English education department. The instruments of this research were interviews and questionnaires. The data from the students' interviews were transcribed and analyzed to answer the research question about the impact of the COVID-19 era on the English students' communication skills at the University of Muhammadiyah Bone. The results from the questionnaire showed that students mostly had a negative response to learning to speak during the COVID-19 period. The interview showed that the students' answers also gave negative responses toward the impact of the COVID-19 era on their English communication skills. It means that they want to learn to speak offline. They want to learn to speak with maximum support so that they do not feel bored easily or nervous about communicating. According to the data from both instruments, most students were not having fun, feeling confident, enjoying themselves, or being motivated to learn through online speaking. Furthermore, most want to learn to speak in a physical classroom rather than a virtual one.
THE URGENCY OF PROGRESSIVISM IN ACADEMIC FREEDOM-BASED EDUCATION
Authors: Navisa Fitria Dewi , Patmalasari Sintiya Dewi , Audia Della Lara
Published: May 2024

Every country will certainly do everything possible to maintain the integrity and progress of the country. The nation's generation is the most valuable asset because every individual has the best potential and ability should be cared for and maintained by its potential by providing good education. Education is a program that moves to add scientific insight and has a huge influence for the progress of the times. Education is built from various schools of educational philosophy that apply from time to time. One of them is widely used today, namely the flow of progressivism philosophy. Progressivism has the idea that education should focus on the development of students, not on educators. The flow of progressivism education philosophy teaches independent learning so that students are able to survive and create solutions for all situations that may occur in the future. An educator is not only tasked with conveying the knowledge he has in the classroom but is also obliged to assist students in developing every best potential they have. This research was conducted by using a literature study. The approach used in this paper is a quantitative research approach with descriptive methods and comparative approaches. Academic freedom is an educational system that instills humanist and democratic education. Education based on academic freedom is carried out by means of mutual openness between educators and students. Academic freedom that departs from the flow of progressivism prohibits educators from demanding and limiting the thinking area of students. Educators and students have the same right to explore knowledge and express their opinions. In essence, educators are companions and facilitators for the learning process of students.