bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kopint-Tárki Zrt.: Enyhe visszaesés, lassan apadó árhullám
Authors: Matheika Zoltán , Nagy Katalin , Palócz Éva
Published: May 2023

Várhatóan elmarad az idén a rettegett recesszió, ennek azonban az az ára, hogy az infláció csak lassan csillapodik. A világgazdaság bővülése az idén nem éri el a három százalékot, az áruk és szolgáltatások külkereskedelme is csak szerény mértékben nő. Az áremelkedés enyhül ugyan, ám a kamatemelések hatása a vártnál lassabban érződik. A maginfláció emelkedő trendje a legtöbb országban jellemző maradt, tehát időbe kerül, amíg az energiaárak mérséklődése az egyéb termékek árában is megmutatkozik. Az agresszív kamatkiigazítások az idén várhatóan lassulni fognak, akár le is állhatnak. Az Európai Unió GDP-je 0,9 százalékkal bővülhet az idén, jövőre valamelyest élénkül a növekedés, de 1,7 százaléknál gyorsabb tempót 2024-ben sem várunk. Az euróövezeti infláció a tavalyi 8,4 százalékról az idén éves átlagban 5,4 százalékra mérséklődhet, a jövőre várható 2,9 százalék pedig már közelít az Európai Központi Bank célértékéhez. A magyar gazdaság kilátásait 2023-ban mindenekelőtt a rekordmagas inflációnak a háztartások vásárlóerejét csökkentő hatása és a monetáris szigorítás nyomán előálló, a háztartások és a vállalatok keresletét egyaránt korlátozó, kedvezőtlen finanszírozási környezet határozza meg. Az év nagy részét a fogyasztás és a beruházások zsugorodása fogja jellemezni. Másfelől a turbulens és kockázatokkal terhelt nemzetközi környezet ellenére is valószínűsíthető, hogy a belföldi kereslet visszaesését nagy részben – ha nem is teljesen – a nettó export növekedési hozzájárulása ellensúlyozni fogja. Összességében jelenleg a GDP 0,5 százalék körüli csökkenésével számolunk, amit jövőre szerény növekedés követhet.
TopoDimRed: a novel dimension reduction technique for topological data analysis
Authors: Wang Sihao , Chen Bingjie
Published: May 2023

Topological data analysis (TDA) has emerged as a powerful approach for analyzing complex datasets, capturing the underlying shape and structure inherent in the data. However, TDA often encounters challenges when dealing with high-dimensional data due to the curse of dimensionality. To address this issue, we propose a novel dimension reduction technique called TopoDimRed that integrates topological analysis with advanced dimension reduction algorithms. TopoDimRed aims to reduce the dimensionality of topological data while preserving important topological features, enabling efficient visualization and analysis. In this paper, we present the methodology of TopoDimRed, highlighting its ability to capture and preserve relevant topological structures during the dimension reduction process. We conduct extensive experimental evaluations on diverse datasets from different domains, comparing TopoDimRed with traditional dimension reduction techniques. The results demonstrate that TopoDimRed outperforms or achieves comparable performance in terms of preserving topological features, visualization quality, and computational efficiency. Furthermore, we showcase the application of TopoDimRed in various domains, including biological networks, social networks, materials science, and neuroscience, illustrating its utility in gaining insights from high-dimensional topological data. We discuss the strengths and limitations of TopoDimRed and propose potential future directions for its development and application. Overall, TopoDimRed offers a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners to explore, visualize, and analyze high-dimensional topological data, facilitating the discovery of hidden structures and meaningful insights in complex datasets.
FORMULATING MATHEMATICS CONCEPTS IN THE KINDERGARTEN CURRICULUM, A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN THE FORMULATION OF MATHEMATICS CONCEPTS IN THE KINDERGARTEN CURRICULUM IN PALESTINE AND THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (NCTM,2001)
Authors: Tawfiq Mohammad ASMAR Firas
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to determine the degree of compatibility between the standards of (NCTM, 2000) and the formula of concepts mentioned in the kindergarten curriculum in Palestine, and the standards received from the National Council of Mathematics Teachers in the United States of America (NCTM, 2000) for the kindergarten stage, and then define the concepts Related to mathematics and included in the curriculum related to kindergarten in Palestine, after which the degree of compatibility between standards and concepts was determined, and the extent to which the curriculum achieved standards in its cognitive structure was determined. Descriptive and analytical approach was used on the kindergarten curriculum. The results of the study showed the extent of compatibility between content and standards as follows: Concerning the field of numbers and basic operations, the agreement rate was 86%, and the amount of agreement in the formulation of concepts is very high, and with regard to the field of engineering and measurement, the compatibility rate was 71%, and the amount of agreement in the formulation of concepts is high. As for the field of data analysis and statistics, as well as patterns and relationships, the percentage of consensus was 75%, and agreement in conceptual formulas was high. The researcher recommended the necessity of full compatibility between the concepts contained in the curriculum and the standards related to the NCTM document, that the conceptual formulas be similar, and work to introduce technology into the educational learning process and link it to NCTM standards
Effect of Low Loading Biodegradable Poly(Ethylene Carbonate) to Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Melt-Blended Poly(Lactic Acid)
Authors: Abdul Rahman Norkhairun Nisa’ , Abdul Jabar Nur Fadilah , Ramlee Nur Azrini
Published: May 2023

Poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene carbonate) (PLA/PEC) blends with a low ratio range of PEC contents were successfully prepared via the melt blending technique. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the effect of low content of PEC on the PLA and further characterize the blend using torque analysis, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis, and mechanical properties. The PLA/PEC samples with different ratios, which is PLA98/PEC2, PLA96/PEC4, PLA94/PEC6, PLA92/PEC8, and PLA90/PEC10, are selected in this research. The addition of PEC content in PLA reduced the torque value. The PLA90/PEC10 blends degraded first, and 5 wt% weight loss (Td5) of the PEC/PLA blends was decreased with PEC, which influences the thermal stability of the blends. The crystallinity of PLA has changed with the addition of 10% of PEC, resulting in the highest crystallinity up to 48.81%, thus influencing the toughness of the blends, giving the PLA a better modulus of toughness, and increasing the elongation at the break due to the plasticizing effect. Slight changes in the absorbance peaks of carbonyl and ether groups have confirmed the interaction between PLA and PEC even at a low loading of PEC. Due to the low loading of PEC content to PLA, the absorbance peak of PLA/PEC blends for the carbonyl group tends to shift towards a neat PLA peak. Thus, low PEC loading is strongly suggested as an alternative to PLA modification in various applications.
Hybridised Intelligent Dynamic Model of 3-Satisfiability Fuzzy Logic Hopfield Neural Network
Authors: Azizan Farah Liyana , Sathasivam Saratha , Majahar Ali Majid Khan
Published: May 2023

This study presents a new way of increasing 3SAT logic programming’s efficiency in the Hopfield network. A new model of merging fuzzy logic with 3SAT in the Hopfield network is presented called HNN-3SATFuzzy. The hybridised dynamic model can avoid locally minimal solutions and lessen the computing burden by utilising fuzzification and defuzzification techniques in fuzzy logic. In addressing the 3SAT issue, the proposed hybrid approach can select neuron states between zero and one. Aside from that, unsatisfied neuron clauses will be changed using the alpha-cut method as a defuzzifier step until the correct neuron state is determined. The defuzzification process is a mapping stage that converts a fuzzy value into a crisp output. The corrected neuron state using alpha-cut in the defuzzification stage is either sharpening up to one or sharpening down to zero. A simulated data collection was utilised to evaluate the hybrid techniques’ performance. In the training phase, the network for HNN-3SATFuzzy was weighed using RMSE, SSE, MAE and MAPE metrics. The energy analysis also considers the ratio of global minima and processing period to assess its robustness. The findings are significant because this model considerably impacts Hopfield networks’ capacity to handle 3SAT problems with less complexity and speed. The new information and ideas will aid in developing innovative ways to gather knowledge for future research in logic programming. Furthermore, the breakthrough in dynamic learning is considered a significant step forward in neuro-symbolic integration.
Curve Fitting Using Genetic Algorithm and its Application in Craniofacial Reconstruction
Authors: Rahamathulla Nurul Hafiza , Misro Md Yushalify
Published: May 2023

A best-fit curve is required to reconstruct craniofacial fracture to ensure the preciseness of the reconstructed contour. A genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to get the best-fit curve in reconstructing the fractured part. This method provides a fast decision in obtaining suitable sets of control points to interpolate both boundary regions to form a reconstructed part without any try-and-error approach that requires altering the control points several times. The optimised sets of control points with different degrees of continuity are used to develop the reconstructed part using the quintic Bézier curve to generate a smooth curve. The best-fit curvature value of the quintic Bézier curve for each degree of continuity is compared, and the curve with the lowest absolute error of curvature is chosen as the inner and outer parts of the craniofacial fracture reconstruction.
Comparison of Count Data Generalised Linear Models: Application to Air-Pollution Related Disease in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Authors: Zulki Alwani Zetty Izzati , Nur Ibrahim Adriana Irawati , Yunus Rossita Mohamad , Yusof Fadhilah
Published: May 2023

Poisson regression is a common approach for modelling discrete data. However, due to characteristics of Poisson distribution, Poisson regression might not be suitable since most data are over-dispersed or under-dispersed. This study compared four generalised linear models (GLMs): negative binomial, generalised Poisson, zero-truncated Poisson and zero-truncated negative binomial. An air-pollution-related disease, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), and its relationship with various air pollution and climate factors were investigated. The data were obtained from Johor Bahru, Malaysia, from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2013. Multicollinearity between the covariates and the independent variables was examined, and model selection was performed to find the significant variables for each model. This study showed that the negative binomial is the best model to determine the association between the number of URTI cases and air pollution and climate factors. Particulate Matter (PM10), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Ground Level Ozone (GLO) are the air pollution factors that affect this disease significantly. However, climate factors do not significantly influence the number of URTI cases. The model constructed in this study can be utilised as an early warning system to prevent and mitigate URTI cases. The involved parties, such as the local authorities and hospitals, can also employ the model when facing the risk of URTI cases that may occur due to air pollution factors.
La evolución de la comunidad LGBTI y su incidencia en la estructura jurídica del estado ecuatoriano
Authors: Miranda Polo Gabriela Patricia , Herrera Acosta Carlos Ernesto
Published: May 2023

A través de la historia en el contexto internacional y nacional, se han ido desarrollando nuevos grupos y colectivos humanos que exigen el reconocimiento de sus derechos en el ordenamiento jurídico estatal; uno de estos grupos, es la comunidad LGTBI (Gay, Bisexual, Trans e Intersex), cuya orientación sexual, es una de las características fundamentales que les hace diferentes a los demás miembros de una sociedad y el motivo que ha provocado discriminación, exclusión y agresión. En este contexto, la mayor parte de la Constituciones de los Estados miembros de la Naciones Unidades, han plasmado el derecho a la igualdad y no discriminación, que implica el reconocimiento de que todos somos iguales y nadie puede ser discriminado por cuestiones de etnia, raza, religión o por pertenecer a un grupo exclusivo; en esta perspectiva, en el manuscrito se realiza un análisis histórico, jurídico y crítico de la evolución de la comunidad LGBTI, para determinar cómo su lucha ha incidido en la estructura jurídica del Estado ecuatoriano; los resultados de la investigación, indican que este grupo es uno de los más vulnerable y que las políticas públicas implementadas por el Estado no garantizan el principio de igualdad y no discriminación de este colectivo; en este sentido, se concluye señalando, que en la sociedad ecuatoriana persiste los estereotipos culturales y prejuicios sociales que provoca la vulneración de los derechos constitucionales y humanos del colectivo LGTBI.
Reseña de Porfirio Sanz Camañes (ed.), La nobleza titulada castellana en la conservación del imperio español en tiempos de Carlos II, Madrid, Sílex, 2023
Authors: Yanguas Muñoz Mónica
Published: May 2023

Reseña del libro
Conflicto, supervivencia y resistencias cotidianas en la posguerra: Cinco Villas (Zaragoza)
Authors: López Acón Óscar
Published: May 2023

En el presente artículo, tomamos el espacio geográfico de la comarca de las Cinco Villas (Zaragoza) para abordar la relación entre las consecuencias de la guerra, las formas de sociabilidad y las actitudes que la gente corriente puso en marcha para sobrevivir. Para ello, nos centramos en varios aspectos como son el malestar social por las condiciones de vida, el fenómeno de la guerrilla, los delitos contra la propiedad, los delitos en el monte, el furtivismo, la violencia cotidiana y la experiencia femenina de la posguerra.
Chronic foreign body in orbit
Authors: Pavel Radek , Jurovčík Michal , Skřivan Jiří , Balatková Zuzana , Plzák Jan , Čada Zdeněk
Published: May 2023

A foreign body in the orbit is a relatively uncommon but serious complication of a penetrating orbital injury. The clinical manifestations of a chronic foreign body may be insignifi cant. Also, dia gnostics and accurate localization of foreign bodies in orbit (especially organic) using imaging methods may not always be unambiguous. In the case report, we describe the case of a two-year-old boy with a woody foreign body in the orbit, whose dia gnosis was delayed, despite repeated surgical interventions and imaging, and the foreign body was removed more than six months later laterally. Keywords: foreign body in orbit – orbita injury in children – medial orbitotomy
Inteligência artificial e a promoção da sustentabilidade
Authors: Mendes Marcelo Barros , Contani Eduardo
Published: May 2023

A Análise Econômica do Direito é uma ciência originária da família anglo-saxônica, onde o “common law” cria uma ideia de solução pacífica. Sua adequação ao direito brasileiro vem acontecendo como tentativa de mudança do costumo onde todos buscam a razão, e delegam a resposta à análise de uma terceira parte, caracterizando em parte o “civil law”. A economicidade, a eficiência e a racionalidade se aliam para formar os pilares de integração para o estudo da Análise Econômica do Direito. O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma perspectiva de possível conciliação entre a tecnologia, movida pelo autodesenvolvimento, ou a chamada inteligência artificial (IA), com a sustentabilidade como forma de uso consciente dos meios naturais, e aplicação da AED ao novo instituto. Pela aplicação do método dedutivo, apresenta-se possíveis soluções para a possibilidade de a inteligência artificial promover sustentabilidade utilizando a racionalidade e economicidade aplicadas pela Análise Econômica do Direito, indicando que está integração possui desafios para ser plenamente efetivada
The Gilded Cage: Dutch Global Aspirations
Authors: Kehoe Marsely L.
Published: May 2023

This chapter introduces the historical background of the Dutch Golden
Age and considers the aspirations of the new Dutch Republic to build trading
relationships throughout the world. Hugo Grotius’s Freedom of the Seas (1608)
argued that all nations should be free to trade on equal footing, and that the
Dutch could enforce this freedom by challenging, in particular, the Spanish
and Portuguese. Dutch trading companies, monopoly policies, and piracy and
privateering, however, complicated Dutch support for freedom. The mounted
nautilus cup serves as a metaphor for these aspirations, a display of the appealing
exotica of the East, firmly controlled within a silver matrix designed by Dutch
metalworkers.
Prediction of the formation of low-molecular components, particles, and condensed phases during thermal destruction of oil-contaminated soil
Authors: DZHUSİPBEKOV Umirzak , FİSCHER Dametken , NURGALİEVA Gulzipa , KEMELOV Kubat , SAMBAEVA Damira , MAYMEKOV Zarlık
Published: May 2023

In this study, thermodynamic modelling of the process of thermal destruction of oil-contaminated soil of Ozenmunaigas JSC, which includes compounds such as carbon, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chromium, phosphorus, manganese, copper, titanium, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and water, was carried out. The physicochemical and thermodynamic parameters of the complex system were calculated at P=0.1 MPa, T=598-3000 K. The concentration distribution of components, particles, and condensed phases in the gas phase has been established. In the process of thermal destruction of oil-contaminated soil, the formation of condensed phases was as follows: SiO2(c), Al2O3(c), AlO3H3(c), Cu(c), Cu2O(c), FeO(c), Fe2O3(c), Fe3O4(c), Fe2SiO4(c), NiO(c), MnO(c), Mn3O4(c), MnO2H2(c), Cr2O3(c), MoO2(c), V2O3(c), V2O4(c), TiO2(c), MgSiO3(c), Mg2SiO4(c), MgTi2O5(c), Ca3P2O8(c), Mg2SiO4(c), MgTi2O5(c), Ca3P2O8(c), CaCO3(c), CaSiO3(c), CaTiO3(c), Na2Si2O5(c), K2Si4O9(c). At the same time, the amount of condensed calcium silicate CaSiO3(c) was significant and amounted to 3.2 mol/kg, which is due to the initial standard content of oxides of the type (g/kg): SiO2-473,7, CaO-181,5 in oil-contaminated soil. The formation of various types of condensed phases (from 10-30 to 10-4 mol/kg) during thermal degradation can help reduce the synergism and toxicity of metal particles in oil-contaminated soils. In the process of thermal destruction of oil-contaminated soil, its carbon-containing components (mg/kg: С12-6,27; С13-10,98; С14-15,69; С15-18,82; С16-23,52; С17-31,37; С18-27,80; С19-17,25; С20-29,80) were mainly converted into oxide, carbon dioxide, and water, and thereby neutralized the organic mass of the soil.
FREQUENCY AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF ACINETOBACTER SPP IAOLATED FROM PUS AND WOUND SWABS: A TERTIARY CARE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Kokab Jabeen  , Summaya Sikandar Beg  , Fareeha Imran  , Aasma Noveen Ajmal  , Farhana Imran
Published: May 2023

Background: For the past two decades, Acinetobacter spp. has emerged as an important pathogen globally in various infections mostly in hospital settings.

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter spp isolated from pus and wound swabs.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included a total of 110 Pus and wound samples collected from patients presenting to Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore laboratory from Jan 2016 to March 2016. The samples were processed and identified by standard protocol. The Acinetobacter isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Results: From 110 wound samples, 87 (79%) showed significant growth of 87 positive cultures 20 samples (23%) showed growth of Acinetobacter, 11(12.7%) Klebsiella Spp 22(25.3%) Staphylococcus Spp 18 (20.6%) Pseudomonas Spp and 16 (18.4%) Escherichia coli. Out of 20 isolates of Acinatobacter, 13 (65%) were resistant to more than three classes of antibiotics (multidrug resistant) and 3 (15%) were resistant to all commonly used antibiotics (pan-drug resistant). Majority of the isolates were sensitive to Imipenem, Amikacin and Tigecycline and showed resistance rates of 45%, 50%, and 45%, respectively.

Conclusion:

This hospital-based epidemiological data will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns in our region.
NOVOS MEDICAMENTOS ORAIS UTILIZADOS PARA O TRATAMENTO DE DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2
Authors: Bernardes Marta Nunes Gonçalves , Carvalho Fabiano Lacerda , Pugliese Fabiana Souza , Gonçalves João dos Santos
Published: May 2023

O diabetes tipo 2 é considerado uma das maiores doenças do mundo e, nesse contexto, há necessidade de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos mais eficazes no controle da glicemia e com menos efeitos adversos. Apesar do grande número de combinações farmacológicas, alguns indivíduos têm observado alguma regularidade no controle do diabetes. Nos últimos anos, a indústria farmacêutica introduziu novos tipos de medicamentos de extrema importância para os indivíduos. Nos últimos anos, os inibidores da peptidase 4 (DPP-4) e, mais recentemente, os inibidores do cotransportador de sódio/glicose 2 (SGLT-2). Essas drogas oferecem maior comodidade no controle glicêmico e têm demonstrado baixa incidência de hipoglicemia, com efeitos adversos, embora alguma frequência tenha sido relatada com outras drogas. Verificou-se que os pacientes tratados com inibidores de SGLT-2 eram menos propensos a experimentar esse efeito e tiveram um aumento significativo na perda de peso e controle da hipertensão arterial.
Thundercloud structures detected and analyzed based on coherent Doppler wind lidar
Authors: Wu Kenan , Wei Tianwen , Yuan Jinlong , Xia Haiyun , Huang Xin , Lu Gaopeng , Zhang Yunpeng , Liu Feifan , Zhu Baoyou , Ding Weidong
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The studies of intracloud (IC) discharges might shed light on the microphysical structure of thunderclouds. As both the magnitude and the sign of charge separation due to graupel collides with ice crystals within the strong updrafts are influenced by the surrounding environment. Here, a compact all-fiber coherent Doppler wind lidar (CDWL) working at the 1.5 µm wavelength is applied for probing the dynamics and microphysics structure of thunderstorms. Thanks to the precise spectrum measurement, multi-component spectra signals of thunderstorms can be analyzed by the CDWL. The spectrum width, skewness, and Doppler velocity of CDWL is used to separate and identify the particle composition and polarity. In experiment, the thundercloud properties are detected by the CDWL, 10.6 cm Doppler weather radar (DWR), and Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI) onboard Fengyun-4 satellites. In particular, the spectrum width and skewness of the thundercloud below the 0 ℃ isotherm are increased, and when a cloud-ground lightning occurs, there has additional graupel with a velocity greater than 5 m/s. It indicates that this region is a melting layer, and lightning activity changes the motion characteristics of graupel, affecting the charge structure of the whole thundercloud. In general, our findings provide details on the velocity, phase, and composition of particles in the outside updraft region of the thunderstorm. The identification and analysis of graupel is particularly important. It is proved that the precise spectrum of CDWL is a promising indicator to study the charge structure of thunderstorms.
Correlation between marine aerosol optical properties and wind fields over remote oceans with use of spaceborne lidar observations
Authors: Sun Kangwen , Dai Guangyao , Wu Songhua , Reitebuch Oliver , Baars Holger , Liu Jiqiao , Zhang Suping
Published: May 2023

Abstract. By utilizing Level 2A products (particle optical properties and numerical weather prediction data) and Level 2C products (numerical weather prediction wind vector assimilated with observed wind component) provided by the Atmospheric Laser Doppler Instrument (ALADIN) onboard the Aeolus mission, and Level 2 vertical feature mask (VFM) products provided by Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) onboard Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) mission, three remote ocean areas are selected and the optical properties at 355 nm of marine aerosol are derived. The combined analysis of marine aerosol optical properties at 355 nm and instantaneous co-located wind speeds above the remote ocean areas are conducted. Eventually their relationships are explored and discussed at two sperate vertical atmospheric layers (0–1 km and 1–2 km, correspond to the heights within and above marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL)), revealing the marine aerosol related atmospheric background states. Pure marine aerosol optical properties at 355 nm are obtained after quality control, cloud screening and backscatter coefficient correction from the ALADIN observations. The spatial distributions of marine aerosol optical properties and wind speed above the study areas are presented and analysed, respectively, at two vertical layers. The statistical results of the marine aerosol optical properties along with the wind speed grids at two vertical layers together with the corresponding regression curves fitted by power law functions are acquired and analysed, for each remote ocean area. The optical properties present increasing trends with wind speed in all cases, implying that the atmosphere of the two vertical layers will both receive the marine aerosol input produced and transported by the wind and the turbulence. The marine aerosol enhancement caused by the wind speed at the lower layer is more intensive than at the higher layer. As derived data from ALADIN, the averaged marine aerosol optical depth (AODmar) and the averaged marine aerosol lidar ratio (LRmar) at 355 nm are acquired and discussed along the wind speed range. The marine aerosol optical properties distributions, wind speed bins, and the marine aerosol variation tendencies along wind speed above the individual study areas are not totally similar, implying that the development and evolution of the marine aerosol above the ocean might not only be dominated by the drive of the wind, but also be impacted by other meteorological and environmental factors, e.g., atmospheric stability, sea and air temperature, or relative humidity. Combined analysis on the aerosol optical properties and wind with additional atmospheric parameters above the ocean might be capable to provide more detailed information of marine aerosol production, entrainment, transport and removal.
Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) and its imprint in the continental Escanilla Formation, Spain
Authors: Sharma Nikhil , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Adatte Thierry , Vennemann Torsten , Kocsis László , Vérité Jean , Valero Luis , Castelltort Sébastien
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) is a global warming event mainly described in the marine domain but less in the terrestrial domain. This study presents a comprehensive geochemical record of the MECO from the Escanilla Formation, a fluvial sedimentary succession in the southern Pyrenees, Spain, based on a suite of sampled paleosols, fluvial stromatolites and pedogenic nodules. Our multiproxy approach involves using carbon and oxygen stable isotope compositions to identify the regional preservation of the MECO, calculate chemical weathering intensity and identify the clay mineralogy of paleosols, as well as to estimate mean annual precipitation using temperature estimates based on clumped isotope compositions of carbonates. Results indicate that the Middle Eocene interval in the south central Pyrenees was characterized by low weathering rates under warm and arid climatic conditions. This is further supported by the presence of smectite, palygorskite, illite, and chlorite, which suggest seasonal rainfall but under generally dry conditions resulting in weak chemical weathering. Importantly, an isotopic excursion indicates a regional, terrestrial impact of the MECO, highlighting that fluvial sedimentary successions even in active foreland basins can represent particularly interesting terrestrial archives of past changes in global climate.
Database of nitrification and nitrifiers in the global ocean
Authors: Tang Weiyi , Ward Bess B. , Beman Michael , Bristow Laura , Clark Darren , Fawcett Sarah , Frey Claudia , Fripiat Francois , Herndl Gerhard J. , Mdutyana Mhlangabezi , Paulot Fabien , Peng Xuefeng , Santoro Alyson E. , Shiozaki Takuhei , Sintes Eva , Stock Charles , Sun Xin , Wan Xianhui S. , Xu Min N. , Zhang Yao
Published: May 2023

Abstract. As a key biogeochemical pathway in the marine nitrogen cycle, nitrification (ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation) converts the most reduced form of nitrogen – ammonium/ammonia (NH4+/ NH3) into the oxidized species nitrite (NO2−) and nitrate (NO3−). In the ocean, these processes are mainly performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). By transforming nitrogen speciation and providing substrates for nitrogen removal, nitrification affects microbial community structure, marine productivity (including chemoautotrophic carbon fixation) and the production of a powerful greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrification is hypothesized to be regulated by temperature, oxygen, light, substrate concentration, substrate flux, pH, and other environmental factors. Although the number of field observations from various oceanic regions has increased considerably over the last few decades, a global synthesis is lacking, and understanding how environmental factors control nitrification remains elusive. Therefore, we have compiled a database of nitrification rates and nitrifier abundance in the global ocean from published literature and unpublished datasets. This database includes 2393 and 1006 measurements of ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation rates, and 2187 and 631 quantifications of ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers, respectively. This community effort confirms and enhances our understanding of the spatial distribution of nitrification and nitrifiers, and their corresponding drivers such as the important role of substrate concentration in controlling nitrification rates and nitrifier abundance. Some conundrums are also revealed including the inconsistent observations of light limitation and high rates of nitrite oxidation reported from anoxic waters. This database can be used to constrain the distribution of marine nitrification, to evaluate and improve biogeochemical models of nitrification, and to quantify the impact of nitrification on ecosystem functions like marine productivity and N2O production. This database additionally sets a baseline for comparison with future observations and guides future exploration (e.g., measurements in the poorly sampled regions such as the Indian Ocean; method comparison/standardization). The database is publicly available at Zenodo repository: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7942922 (Tang et al., 2023).
Towards robust seasonal streamflow forecasts in mountainous catchments: impact of calibration metric selection in hydrological modeling
Authors: Araya Diego , Mendoza Pablo A. , Muñoz-Castro Eduardo , McPhee James
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Dynamical (i.e., model-based) methods are widely used by forecasting centers to generate seasonal streamflow forecasts, building upon process-based hydrological models that require parameter specification (i.e., calibration). Here, we investigate the extent to which the choice of calibration objective function affects the quality of seasonal (spring-summer) streamflow forecasts produced with the traditional ensemble streamflow prediction (ESP) method and explore connections between forecast skill and hydrological consistency – measured in terms of biases in hydrological signatures – obtained from the model parameter sets. To this end, we calibrate three popular conceptual rainfall-runoff models (GR4J, TUW, and Sacramento) using 12 different objective functions, including seasonal metrics that emphasize errors during the snowmelt period, and produce hindcasts for five initialization times over a 33-year period (April/1987–March/2020) in 22 mountain catchments that span diverse hydroclimatic conditions along the semiarid Andes Cordillera (28°–37° S). The results show that the choice of calibration metric becomes relevant as the winter (snow accumulation) season begins (i.e., July 1), enhancing inter-basin differences in forecast skill as initializations approach the beginning of the snowmelt season (i.e., September 1). The comparison of seasonal forecasts obtained from different calibration metrics shows that hydrological consistency does not ensure satisfactory seasonal ESP forecasts (e.g., Split KGE), and that satisfactory ESP forecasts are not necessarily associated to a hydrologically consistent parameter set (e.g., VE-Sep). Among the options explored here, an objective function that combines the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) and the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) with flows in log space provides the best compromise between hydrologically consistent model simulations and good forecast performance. Finally, the choice of calibration metric generally affects the magnitude of correlations between forecast quality attributes and catchment descriptors, rather than the sign, being the baseflow index and interannual runoff variability the best predictors of forecast skill. Overall, this study highlights the need for careful parameter estimation strategies in the forecasting production chain to generate skillful forecasts for the right reasons and draw robust conclusions on hydrologic predictability.
Incorporating interpretation uncertainties from deterministic 3D hydrostratigraphic models in groundwater models
Authors: Enemark Trine , Madsen Rasmus Bødker , Sonnenborg Torben O. , Andersen Lærke Therese , Sandersen Peter B. E. , Kidmose Jacob , Møller Ingelise , Hansen Thomas Mejer , Jensen Karsten Høgh , Høyer Anne-Sophie
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Many 3D hydrostratigraphic models of the subsurface are interpreted as deterministic models, where an experienced modeler combines relevant geophysical and geological information with background geological knowledge. Depending on the quality of the information from the input data, the interpretation phase will typically be accompanied by an estimated qualitative interpretation uncertainty. Given the qualitative and subjective nature of uncertainty, it is difficult to propagate the uncertainty to groundwater models. In this study, a stochastic simulation-based methodology to characterize interpretation uncertainty within a manual interpretation-based layer model is applied in a groundwater modeling setting. Three levels of interpretation uncertainty scenarios are generated and three locations in the models representing different geological structures are analyzed. The impact of interpretation uncertainty on predictions of capture zone area and median travel time is compared to the impact of uncertainty on parameters in the groundwater model. The main result is that in areas with thick and large aquifers and low geological uncertainty, the impact of interpretation uncertainty is negligible compared to the hydrogeological parameterization, while it may introduce a significant contribution in areas with thinner and smaller aquifers with high geologic uncertainty. The influence of the interpretation uncertainties is thus dependent on the geological setting as well as the confidence of the interpreter. In areas with thick aquifers, this study confirms existing evidence that if the conceptual model is well-defined, interpretation uncertainties within the conceptual model have limited impact on groundwater model predictions.
MONITORING WORK PROGRESS OF DAM CONSTRUCTION BASED ON PHOTOGRAMMETRIC POINT CLOUDS AND BIM: PRACTICAL APPROACH TO TEACHING INDUSTRY
Authors: Arbad A. P. , Arifin Z. N. , Martina N. , Nindya E. P. , Nurfa M. A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Industry 4.0 encompasses a range of ideas, technologies, and procedures that impact engineering education and other fields. Building information modeling (BIM) has become a widely adopted practice in Indonesia's construction industry, prompting polytechnic universities to incorporate BIM skills and concepts into their construction engineering and management degree programs. Nowdays, more than 50 dam construction works occurred in Indonesia from 2014-2024. Monitoring progress regularly is crucial to ensure a construction project's successful completion. This can be done by visually tracking the project's advancement, which enables the identification of any changes or deviations that occur. Accurate measurement data is essential for reliable progress management, as it allows for the prediction of future project success or failure. Image-based object detection is highly beneficial for retrieving site information and monitoring construction progress. To monitor the progress of a construction project, comparisons between the building's as-built and as-planned states are necessary. BIM is employed to establish the intended condition of a building by providing information regarding its geometric characteristics and construction schedule. In this paper, we present a novel method for producing a point cloud that accurately represents the dam building site using photogrammetry. To overcome the limitation of capturing photographs from every possible angle at a construction site, we employ a combination of structure from motion and control points. This approach allows us to generate a scaled point cloud in a standardized coordinate system. The building's as-built and as-planned states are then compared using this point cloud. Structure from Motion (SfM) disparity maps are fused to create dense point clouds, which are then compared to the goal state for updating 4D BIM. This makes it possible to identify missing building components. To validate the presence of building elements, a secondary examination is conducted using the positions in front of and behind the model planes constructed as per the original blueprint. The research paper explores potential approaches and presents empirical results obtained from an actual case study.
ABWI AIRBORNE BINOCULAR WHISKBROOM IMAGER: CAMERA PRINCIPLES AND THE WORKFLOW
Authors: Dong J. , Duan Y. , Zhao X. , Zhou Q.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The common imaging methods of airborne cameras are linear array pushbroom and area-array interval exposure, and the sensors or lens of them cannot be rotated. With the development of oblique photogrammetry and UAV mapping, there are new advances in airborne whiskbroom sensors. Because of their unique imaging method, they can obtain the side texture information of features more efficiently. ABWI is a new generation of airborne sweeping sensors with the dual-view area-array whiskbroom imaging method. It has a maximum sweeping field of view of 120° and can also acquire spectral information in four bands (RGB and NIR) at the radiometric resolution of 12 bits. Additionally, the camera system is equipped with a laser ranger to assist with other measurement purposes. This paper introduces the camera structure, imaging principle and corresponding data processing workflow of ABWI, and summarizes its advantages and new application scenarios.
Performance of cross-polarization experiment at conditions of radiofrequency field inhomogeneity and slow to ultrafast MAS
Authors: Šmelko Andrej , Blahut Jan , Reif Bernd , Tošner Zdeněk
Published: May 2023

Abstract. In this manuscript, we provide an analytical description of the performance of the cross-polarization experiment, including linear ramp and adiabatic tangential sweep modifications, using effective Hamiltonians and simple rotations in 3D space. It is shown that radiofrequency field inhomogeneity induces a reduction of the transfer efficiency at increasing MAS frequencies for both the ramp and the adiabatic CP experiments. The effect depends on the ratio of the dipolar coupling constant and the sample rotation frequency. In particular, our simulations show that for small dipolar couplings (1 kHz) and ultrafast MAS (above 100 kHz) the transfer efficiency is below 40 % when extended contact times up to 20 ms are used and relaxation losses are ignored. New recoupling and magnetization transfer techniques that are designed explicitly to account for inhomogeneous RF fields are needed.
Apparentemente periferica. Prostituzione e regolamentazione della morale sessuale in età moderna
Authors: Alfieri Fernanda
Published: May 2023

Prostitution has been traditionally treated as a phenomenon related to marginality, both by scholars and by observers contemporary to the periods considered in the volume. As Marzio Barbagli shows, however, it is central, intertwined with the organisation of communities. This essay reads the history of prostitution and the history of marriage from a comparative perspective, highlighting unexpected connections. Marriage is the institution that legitimises sexuality, making it decent and productive. Prostitution, too, with the various forms of regulation produced over a centuries-long history, has been the object of an economy of money and morality that incardinates social organisation.
Il sacrificio della carne. Donne a immagine di Cristo (XIX-XX secolo)
Authors: Rai Eleonora
Published: May 2023

This paper explores some key aspects of the manifestation of stigmata, understood as a sign of Eucharistic sacrifice experienced by atoning souls, on the part of women in the course of the 1800s–1900s. It reflects on the re-evaluation of the female, stigmatized body as a sacred, potentially sacramental object in the 19th-20th-century socio-religious and theological context. It focuses especially on the case studies of nun Tomasina Pozzi (1910-1944) and lay woman Margherita (1908-?), two women who presented themselves as atoning souls, showed stigmata, attracted both devotion and criticism, and were the object of ecclesiastical investigations.
calliope listens amongst her selves
Authors: Fu Connie
Published: May 2023

Video (12:01) with edited output of a study whereby recordings taken from 3 propagated instances of the Monstera deliciosa plant, Calliope, were fed into a 3trinsRGB video synthesizer. The original recordings are layered to accompany the video, which in all is a speculative document of a network organism's practice of listening to itself.
Regulation of DeFi Lending
Authors: Kwon Sean
Published: May 2023

The rise of intermediary-less decentralized finance (“DeFi”) lending has led many to wonder how it should be regulated. Although DeFi lending could potentially offer reduced risks of centralization and market frictions, investors in DeFi lending are currently exposed to centralized risks and losses in the volatile market in the absence of regulation. The SEC suggested that the agency might regulate the sector under the federal securities laws. A truly decentralized lending project, however, does not involve any centralized entity that could carry the burden of compliance with the securities laws. This Note shows that many DeFi lending projects are not truly decentralized and are in various stages of decentralization. Unlike P2P lenders and financial intermediaries that bear the costs of compliance, many DeFi developers seek to build automated lending systems and gradually relinquish their control over their creation. However, with the lack of regulation, the investors have no means to tell actors who seek to build secure decentralized systems from those who do not in the early stage of DeFi protocol development. To address the issue, this Note proposes a three-part framework that would oversee the process of decentralization for DeFi lending projects, drawing its structure from the U.S. banking regulation focused on supervision. First, the framework recognizes the value of decentralization in reducing market frictions and risks of centralization. Second, the framework establishes a federal agency that oversees the process of decentralization on the flexible safety and soundness standard of Glass-Steagall Act. Third, the framework grants enforcement powers to the federal agency to sanction DeFi platforms that do not comply with government regulations.
Description of the Behavior of Aedes aegypti Mosquito Laying Eggs in Water Contaminated with Animal Feces and Soil
Authors: Pradani Firda Yanuar , Mutmainah Rahayu Nirmatul , Marlina Sela
Published: May 2023

Background & Objective This study aims to determine the egg-laying behaviour of Aedes aegypti in water contaminated with animal waste and soil, count eggs caught in cages, observe and count the number of healthy and damaged eggs, and compare the number of eggs from each water medium.
Method This study is descriptive, the data were analyzed using the SPSS application, presented in tabular form, and explained in a narrative manner.
Result The results of observations of egg-laying behaviour indicate that water contaminated with animal waste and soil can be a breeding ground for the Aedes aegypti.
Conclusion Based on the results of observations of the behaviour of Aedes aegypti in water media contaminated with animal faeces and soil, it shows a distinctive behaviour, that water contaminated with animal faeces and soil is favoured by Aedes aegypti as a place to lay eggs and breed. The total number of eggs caught was 1,716, with the number of healthy eggs ( 1,219) and the number of damaged eggs (497). Differences in the content contained in the water media affected the laying of Aedes aegypti eggs but did not affect the number of healthy or damaged eggs.
Diagnostic Test Using Subjective Global Nutrition Assessment in Determining Nutritional Status in Patients with Cerebral Palsy in M Djamil Hospital Padang
Authors: Gustiany G Utari , Rachmawati Nice , Lestari Rahmi
Published: May 2023

Background: Malnutrition often occurs in children with cerebral palsy, and anthropometric measurement becomes a challenge due to spastic posture. Subjective Global Nutrition Assessment (SGNA) is a helpful non-invasive screening tool to determine the nutritional status of its simplicity, ease to use, comprehensive, and affordable.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of SGNA in determining nutritional status in children with cerebral palsy
Methods: A diagnostic test study was performed on 40 children with cerebral palsy who came to the outpatient clinic of M. Djamil Hospital from July to September 2022 where the caregiver signed the informed consent. Patients with a congenital anomalies and obesity were excluded. Measurements were carried out and nutritional status was determined by plotting weight and height data to WHO 2006/CDC 2000 anthropometric curve and caregivers were asked to fill in the questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with a 2x2 table using a computer program. Main outcome measures: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SGNA.
Result: Data from 40 samples were collected to compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of SGNA in determining nutritional status to anthropometric as a gold standard. The results were 91.3%, 88.2%, 91.3%, and 88.2 %, respectively.
Conclusion: SGNA is recommended for screening nutritional status in children with cerebral palsy.

Keywords: SGNA, nutritional status, cerebral palsy