bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeito da interpolação de recalques na previsão do comportamento estrutural de uma edificação – Um estudo de caso
Authors: De Almeida Maia Paulo César , Zampirolli Nathani , Fleichman Prellwitz Marta
Published: March 2022

O comportamento da estrutura de uma edificação pode ser avaliado pelas deformações distorcionais das fundações, sendo essencial, para isso, o monitoramento dos recalques da obra. No entanto, interferências na coleta dos dados do monitoramento ou erros experimentais são comuns, gerando incertezas nas análises. Este trabalho pretende determinar os efeitos da interpolação dos recalques de dados duvidosos ou inexistentes na previsão do comportamento estrutural da obra. É utilizado um caso de obra onde os recalques foram medidos sistematicamente e, em todos os pilares, durante o período construtivo. Na análise, os recalques de pilares monitorados, e estrategicamente posicionados, são desconsiderados. Posteriormente, faz-se a estimativa do recalque desses pilares por interpolação, e o cálculo da nova configuração das distorções angulares. Pode-se notar que, o erro nas distorções angulares aumenta com o número de pontos interpolados e que a interpolação pode gerar uma incoerência significativa na previsão do comportamento estrutural, mesmo nos casos de poucos pontos interpolados.
Innovación y clústeres tecnológicos
Authors: Parra-Domínguez Javier , Pérez-Pons Eugenia , Alonso-Rincón Ricardo , Prieto-Tejedor Javier
Published: March 2022

En el presente artículo se recogen diferentes factores que afectan al incremento de la competitividad en empresas, así como la vinculación de éstas con los clústeres tecnológicos. Se recogen las ideas de los principales economistas y análisis de campo realizados en relación con las ventajas competitivas y los diferentes modelos de colaboración y cooperación para el desarrollo. En el presente artículo se ha podido identificar que las políticas en cada región son determinantes a la hora de fomentar dichos clústeres.
How Digital Innovation Hubs can help the SMEs Digitalisation, Portuguese and Spanish examples
Authors: Samúdio Maria João
Published: March 2022

This article introduces the different DIHs that currently ope- rate in the Castile and Leon region in Spain and the Norte region in Portugal and presents some success stories involving SMEs from both countries. A brief presentation on the status of digital adoption in both countries per sector and per technology is made.
¿Idealiza la gente al pueblo? Cuestionando la noción de pueblo en los estudios sobe demanda populista. Análisis del caso francés
Authors: Rodríguez Sáez Arturo
Published: March 2022

De acuerdo con la literatura, el populismo, entendido como un discurso binario que contrapone el pueblo a la elite, está presente en las sociedades en forma de actitudes políticas latentes. La estructura discursiva consta de dos polos. Uno negativo, la dimensión anti-oligárquica, y otro positivo, la idealización del pueblo. La ausencia de una de estas propiedades nos situaría fuera del discurso populista. La mayoría de los estudios disponibles, realizados mediante encuesta, muestran que el populismo está extendido en muchas sociedades, lo que significa que ambas condiciones discursivas se cumplen. El objetivo de esta investigación es probar si realmente esto es así. De forma específica, indagar si la gente tiene un discurso laudatorio hacia el pueblo, condición sacro-santa del populismo. Para ello se analiza el caso francés mediante una estrategia cualitativa basada en 9 grupos de discusión. Los resultados revelan que, lejos de existir una cierta fe en el pueblo, las personas recelan de las capacidades morales y epistémicas de los ciudadanos. Paradójicamente, se desea una mayor participación política, fundamentalmente vía referéndum, instrumento privilegiado de las ofertas populistas. Con ello están exigiendo cauces para que sus demandas sean atendidas, para que se cumpla, en definitiva, el ideal democrático de igualdad política. Los hallazgos de este estudio invitan a revisar de manera crítica presupuestos y conocimientos previos bien asentados respecto a cómo estudiar la demanda populista.
Quantization of rationally deformed Morse potentials by Wronskian transforms of Romanovski-Bessel polynomials
Authors: Natanson Gregory
Published: March 2022

The paper advances Odake and Sasaki’s idea to re-write eigenfunctions of rationally deformed Morse potentials in terms of Wronskians of Laguerre polynomials in the reciprocal argument. It is shown that the constructed quasi-rational seed solutions of the Schrödinger equation with the Morse potential are formed by generalized Bessel polynomials with degree-independent indexes. As a new achievement we can point to the construction of the Darboux-Crum net of isospectral rational potentials using Wronskians of generalized Bessel polynomials with no positive zeros. One can extend this isospectral family of solvable rational potentials by including ‘juxtaposed’ pairs of Romanovski-Bessel polynomials into the aforementioned polynomial Wronskians which results in deleting the corresponding pairs of bound energy states.
Help or Hurt? The Impact of ESG on Firm Performance in S&P 500 Non-Financial Firms
Authors: Nguyen Duy Thanh , Hoang Thinh Gia , Tran Hue Gia
Published: March 2022

The paper aims to investigate the impact of ESG practice on firms’ financial performance in the context of U.S. market from 2018 to 2020. The paper examines a sample of 57 U.S. non-financial firms belonging to the S&P 500. The Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) estimation is employed with an instrumental variable - the political views of the states where the studied firms are located. The paper shows that having a better practice of ESG could enhance firms’ financial performance measured by ROA, ROE, and TobinQ. These findings are consistent with the stakeholder-focused theory instead of shareholder-focus perspective. In addition, the magnitude of the influence of the ESG practice on TobinQ is significantly higher than that of the ESG-ROA and ESG-ROE relations. It reveals that the ESG benefits could make the firms appear more attractive to investors, creating higher market values of the firms’ assets and then higher TobinQ ratio. Not as the TobinQ enhancement, the significant improvement in ROA and ROE would be realized in the long run rather than short term. The low managerial ownership in the U.S. market may increase the chance of ESG overinvestment by the firms’ managers, hence reducing firm value. However, under the pressure of the investors’ strong demand for socially responsible investing, the U.S. firms tend to become involved in ESG activities, obtaining a strong stakeholder commitment and thus creating additional firm value in the long run.
Von der Vielgestaltigkeit des Experimentierens
Authors: Krohn Wolfgang
Published: March 2022

Das Experimentieren ist ein zentrales Merkmal transdisziplinären Forschens. In der Regel versuchen die Forschenden, das Ziel und die Schritte seiner Erreichbarkeit möglichst genau vorzugeben und trotzdem experimentelle Praxis in der Projektarbeit zu erlauben. Um für die
Forschungspraxis zu lernen, etwa wie mit Störungen umzugehen ist, kann es nützlich sein, einen Blick auf die biochemische und molekularbiologische Grundlagenforschung zu werfen.
Wege zum nachhaltigen Umgang mit Kunststoffen: Kernbotschaften sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung
Authors: Beyerl Katharina , Bogner Franz , Daskalakis Maria , Decker Thomas , Hentschel Anja , Hinzmann Mandy , Loges Bastian , Knoblauch Doris , Mederake Linda , Müller, Ruth , Rubik Frieder , Schweiger Stefan , Stieß Immanuel
Published: March 2022

Weltweit wächst der Eintrag von Kunststoffen in die Umwelt. Da die bestehenden Regulierungen zur Eindämmung des Problems nicht ausreichen, muss die ständig steigende Kunststoffproduktion und -nutzung insgesamt reduziert werden. Es bedarf eines systemischen Ansatzes, der
alle Akteure in die Verantwortung nimmt, die Kunststoffprodukte und -verpackungen produzieren, nutzen, recyceln und entsorgen sowie damit handeln. Die Politik muss den nötigen Paradigmenwechsel vorantreiben und eine gesamtgesellschaftliche Suffizienzdebatte ermöglichen.
Upscaling research and teaching on the Sustainable Development Goals in the arts, humanities, and social sciences
Authors: Kueffer Christoph , Wiedmer Caroline
Published: March 2022

The arts, humanities, and social sciences (AHSS) are critical for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A major strategic effort is needed to strengthen inter- and transdisciplinary research and teaching focused on the SDGs in the AHSS.
Critical junctures of hope: how to bridge the gap between the necessary and the feasible?
Authors: Huwe Vera , Kapeller Jakob
Published: March 2022

 Reaction to L. P. Fesenfeld in GAIA 30/3 (2021): Glimmers of hope: A global Green New Deal is feasible A Green New Deal is a necessary and viable tool to halt global heating while reducing socio-economic inequalities.
Yet it is important to complement currently feasible designs like a Green New Deal with the removal of the remaining structural barriers to what is necessary in order to limit warming to 1.5 °C. A Green New Deal should focus on reducing energy demand while improving well-being.
It needs to scale up public investment, while confronting fossil fuel dependencies and incumbent resistance.
Transdisziplinarität und Solutionismus: Ein verfehlter Vorwurf, aus dem sich trotzdem einiges lernen lässt
Authors: Wehling Peter
Published: March 2022

Peter Strohschneider hat in einem vielbeachteten Beitrag transformative und transdisziplinäre Wissenschaft scharf angegriffen, insbesondere deren Orientierung am ,,Solutionismus“. Die Kritik erscheint in neuem Licht, wenn der Begriff Solutionismus so aufgefasst wird, wie er international etabliert ist: als Fixierung auf schnelle, technische Problemlösungen. Dann erweist sich Strohschneiders Vorwurf als strategische Abgrenzung der ,,guten“, ,,reinen“ Wissenschaft von angeblich zweifelhafter Forschung.
Ordnungsrechtliche Maßnahmen für nachhaltigen Konsum: Möglichkeiten zur Akzeptanzsteigerung
Authors: Heyen Dirk Arne
Published: March 2022

Neue klima- und umweltpolitische Vorschriften stoßen in der Gesellschaft immer wieder auf Empörung und Widerstand, insbesondere wenn sie das Alltagsverhalten und Kaufentscheidungen betreffen. Doch Gebote, Standards oder Verbote gehören zu einem effektiven und sozial gerechten Instrumentenmix dazu. Die Akzeptanz solcher Maßnahmen in der Bevölkerung kann gesteigert werden, indem etwa Härtefallregelungen vorgesehen sind oder eine Testphase vorgeschaltet wird. Auf solche Akzeptanzfaktoren sollte die Politik bei der Einführung neuer Maßnahmen achten.
War in Film
Authors: Jacob Frank
Published: March 2022

The human experience of war is not only remembered by societies through memorials, but also through the depiction of wars and important battles of respective national histories on screen. Very often, the image presented is related to existent semiotics, and the respective sign systems determine the image of heroic actions and violence on the screen. The present volume provides a deeper insight into the forces at play when war films are presented on the big screen and intends to show why and how violent conflicts often have an afterlife as visual media as well.
Building Green Capabilities through Green Supply Chain Practices
Authors: Indrianto Anggraeni Pratama , Kusmantini Titik
Published: March 2022

Green capability is the capability of factories to produce more efficiently and competitively in the market in an environmentally friendly manner. This study aimed to analyze the ability of the “Lestari” Women Farmers Group (WFG) to develop their green products and to see the supply chain structure for their green products. This research was conducted using a qualitative research design and the research technique used was a case study. The result of this research was that green capability can be built through the green supply chain in the Sustainable Farmer Group. “Lestari” Women Farmers Group has succeeded in making business access to destination markets and was able to implement green capability quite well because the quality of the products produced was a product that was free of pesticides, chemicals and used natural ingredients as plant fertilizers such as fertilizers from fruit fermentation and rice washing water so that the quality of the vegetables is guaranteed.
The Effect of Corporate Governance on Environmental Disclosure by Listed Nigerian Consumer Goods Firms
Authors: Yahaya Khadijat Adenola , Bamigbade Dayo , Ajiboye Glory Oluwatosin
Published: March 2022

In recent times, companies improve corporate communication with stakeholders by providing information on measures taking to protect the environment through environmental disclosures. The main objective of the study is to examine how corporate governance affects environmental disclosures listed Nigerian consumer goods firms. The ex-post facto research design was used and regression analysis was used to analyzed data derived from seventeen consumer goods firms. The findings revealed that the presence of environmental sustainability committee, number of meetings held by the board of directors, and firm size have significant positive impact on the quantity of environmental information disclosure (EDI). However, the size of the board of directors (BSIZE) and board independence have an insignificant inverse influence on the Environmental Disclosure Index (EDI) of the sampled companies. It was concluded that corporate governance affects environment disclosure. Based on the findings it was recommended that companies should constitute environmental committee on the board of directors to improve environmental disclosure.
How university students negotiate cognitive-social interactions and leverage cognitive tools for mobile peer tutoring
Authors: Tan Seng-Chee , Cheung Yin Ling , Looi Chee-Kit
Published: March 2022

This paper reports a case study of 20 university peer tutor-tutee dyads which engaged in online synchronous peer tutoring using MENTOR, a mobile application developed to support peer tutoring. Despite years of research, peer tutoring still attracts significant attention and an emerging area of research is online peer tutoring. This study aimed to contribute to research on mobile peer tutoring, which is still in its infancy stage. Underpinned by Vygotskian social-cultural learning and Wertsch's notion of mediated actions by tools, a qualitative analysis of the recorded tutees’ mobile phone screen during the peer tutoring sessions was conducted. Our findings show three different types of peer tutor-tutee social cognitive interactions, with varying degrees of tutees showing agency in seeking clarifications. While most tutees demonstrated some level of agency in seeking clarifications, fewer tutees showed agency in co-annotating on the canvas space. The findings also illuminate how the participants leveraged the canvas tools provided by MENTOR to create a shared understanding and cognitive convergence.
Implications for practice or policy:

University teachers could engage students in peer tutoring using mobile applications
Peer tutors could engage tutees by asking questions or pause for clarifications
Tutees could play an active role in seeking clarifications or offer their ideas
Mobile peer tutoring participants could leverage features of the technology to create a shared understanding
Sub-elliptic boundary value problems in flag domains
Authors: Orponen Tuomas , Villa Michele
Published: March 2022

Aflag domain inℝ3{\mathbb{R}^{3}}is a subset ofℝ3{\mathbb{R}^{3}}of the form{(x,y,t):y<A⁢(x)}{\{(x,y,t):y<A(x)\}}, whereA:ℝ→ℝ{A\colon\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}}is a Lipschitz function. We solve the Dirichlet and Neumann problems for the sub-elliptic Kohn–Laplacian△♭=X2+Y2{\bigtriangleup^{\flat}=X^{2}+Y^{2}}in flag domainsΩ⊂ℝ3{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{3}}, withL2{L^{2}}-boundary values. We also obtain improved regularity for solutions to the Dirichlet problem if the boundary values have first orderL2{L^{2}}-Sobolev regularity. Our solutions are obtained as sub-elliptic single and double layer potentials, which are best viewed as integral operators on the first Heisenberg group. We develop the theory of these operators on flag domains, and their boundaries.
Word2Vec: Optimal hyperparameters and their impact on natural language processing downstream tasks
Authors: Adewumi Tosin , Liwicki Foteini , Liwicki Marcus
Published: March 2022

Word2Vec is a prominent model for natural language processing tasks. Similar inspiration is found in distributed embeddings (word-vectors) in recent state-of-the-art deep neural networks. However, wrong combination of hyperparameters can produce embeddings with poor quality. The objective of this work is to empirically show that Word2Vec optimal combination of hyper-parameters exists and evaluate various combinations. We compare them with the publicly released, original Word2Vec embedding. Both intrinsic and extrinsic (downstream) evaluations are carried out, including named entity recognition and sentiment analysis. Our main contributions include showing that the best model is usually task-specific, high analogy scores do not necessarily correlate positively with F1 scores, and performance is not dependent on data size alone. If ethical considerations to save time, energy, and the environment are made, then relatively smaller corpora may do just as well or even better in some cases. Increasing the dimension size of embeddings after a point leads to poor quality or performance. In addition, using a relatively small corpus, we obtain better WordSim scores, corresponding Spearman correlation, and better downstream performances (with significance tests) compared to the original model, which is trained on a 100 billion-word corpus.
Dirac series for complex 𝐸7
Authors: Dong Chao-Ping , Wong Kayue Daniel
Published: March 2022

This paper classifies the Dirac series for complexE7E_{7}. As applications, we verify a few conjectures raised in 2011, 2019 and 2020 for this exceptional Lie group. In particular, according to Conjecture 1.1 of Barbasch and Pandžić [Dirac cohomology and unipotent representations of complex groups,Noncommutative Geometry and Global Analysis, Contemp. Math. 546, American Mathematical Society, Providence (2011), 1–22], our classification should be helpful for understanding the unitary dual of complexE7E_{7}.
Racial status of Orobanche cumana Wallr. in some countries other the world
Authors: Duca Maria , Clapco Steliana , Joita-Pacureanu Maria
Published: March 2022

The study represents a review of the evolution of the parasitic plant Orobanche cumana Wallr. and current racial status in some sunflower cultivating countries. Identification of racial status of broomrape populations belonging to eight sunflower cultivating countries from Europe and Asia (Republic of Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Spain, Turkey, Serbia and China) revealed the presence of high virulent races G and H in the majority of countries, except Serbia, where accessions belonging to race E or less virulent than E were found. The most virulent race H was identified particularly in the Black Sea area (Romania, Ukraine and Turkey). Additionally, the emergence of new biotypes characterized by high virulence, overcoming the resistance genes to race H was observed in some areas of the Republic of Moldova, Romania and Turkey, which signifies the importance of periodic evaluations of racial status for the prevention of occurrence and dissemination of new races. Analyzing the occurrence chronology of broomrape races in different countries we conclude that by the mid-1990s, the state of play was relatively stable, the most aggressive race being E. After this period the process of O. cumana development and appearance of new more aggressive and virulent biotypes became faster, which may be explained by the intensification of sunflower breeding activities and, respectively by the selection pressure exerted on the parasite by new resistant hybrids.
On the reproducibility of enzyme reactions and kinetic modelling
Authors: Gygli Gudrun
Published: March 2022

Enzyme reactions are highly dependent on reaction conditions. To ensure reproducibility of enzyme reaction parameters, experiments need to be carefully designed and kinetic modeling meticulously executed. Furthermore, to enable quality control of enzyme reaction parameters, the experimental conditions, the modeling process as well as the raw data need to be reported comprehensively. By taking these steps, enzyme reaction parameters can be open and FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, re-usable) as well as repeatable, replicable and reproducible. This review discusses these requirements and provides a practical guide to designing initial rate experiments for the determination of enzyme reaction parameters and gives an open, FAIR and re-editable example of the kinetic modeling of an enzyme reaction. Both the guide and example are scripted with Python in Jupyter Notebooks and are publicly available (https://fairdomhub.org/investigations/483/snapshots/1). Finally, the prerequisites of automated data analysis and machine learning algorithms are briefly discussed to provide further motivation for the comprehensive, open and FAIR reporting of enzyme reaction parameters.
A guide to designing photocontrol in proteins: methods, strategies and applications
Authors: Kneuttinger Andrea C.
Published: March 2022

Light is essential for various biochemical processes in all domains of life. In its presence certain proteins inside a cell are excited, which either stimulates or inhibits subsequent cellular processes. The artificial photocontrol of specifically proteins is of growing interest for the investigation of scientific questions on the organismal, cellular and molecular level as well as for the development of medicinal drugs or biocatalytic tools. For the targeted design of photocontrol in proteins, three major methods have been developed over the last decades, which employ either chemical engineering of small-molecule photosensitive effectors (photopharmacology), incorporation of photoactive non-canonical amino acids by genetic code expansion (photoxenoprotein engineering), or fusion with photoreactive biological modules (hybrid protein optogenetics). This review compares the different methods as well as their strategies and current applications for the light-regulation of proteins and provides background information useful for the implementation of each technique.
PHF20L1 mediates PAX2 expression to promote angiogenesis and liver metastasis in colorectal cancer through regulating HIC1
Authors: Zhu Qing-Chao , Sun Jian-Hua , Liang Ming-Jun , Zhang Zheng-Yun , Xia Yang
Published: March 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis. The research was designed to explore the role of PHF20L1 in angiogenesis and liver metastasis in CRC and discuss its molecular mechanism. Expression levels of PHF20L1, HIC1 and PAX2 in CRC tissues collected from CRC patients were detected using qRT-PCR, WB and immunohistochemical staining. CRC cells were transfected with PHF20L1, HIC1 and PAX2 overexpression or knockdown vectors and the proliferation, apoptosis, EMT and angiogenesis of the cells were determined. WB was utilized to assess protein levels of PHF20L1, HIC1, PAX2 and angiogenesis factor (ANGPT2, FGF1, PDGFA and VEGFA). The role of PHF20L1 regulating tumor formation and liver metastasis in vivo was detected as well. PHF20L1 was observed to express at a high level of CRC tissues. PHF20L1 promoted CRC cell growth, EMT and angiogenesis, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Knockdown of PHF20L1 had opposite effects on CRC cells. PHF20L1 negatively regulated HIC1 expression to promote PAX2 expression, thus promoting CRC cell progression. The in vivo results showed that PHF20L1 contributed to tumor formation and liver metastasis. PHF20L1 increases PAX2 expression to promote angiogenesis in CRC by inhibiting HIC1, therefore facilitating CRC cell EMT and liver metastasis. Our finding may provide a novel insight for CRC pathogenesis.
The Virtual Theremin: Designing an Interactive Digital Music Instrument for Film Scene Scoring
Authors: Usabaev Bela , Eschenbacher Anna , Brennecke Angela
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a first prototype of a virtual Theremin instrument for accompanying film scenes with sound. The virtual Theremin is implemented as a hybrid application for the web. Sound control is achieved by capturing user gestures with a webcam and mapping the gestures to the corresponding virtual Theremin parameters pitch and volume. Different sound types can be selected. The application’s underlying research is part of the multi-modal digital heritage project KOLLISIONEN which targets to open up the private archive of the Russian film maker Sergej Eisenstein to a broader public in digital form. Eisenstein, a film theorist and pioneer of film montage, was particularly intrigued by the Theremin as an instrument for film sound design. The virtual Theremin presented here is therefore linked to a film scene from the 1929 Soviet drama “The General Line” by Sergej Eisenstein which was never set to music originally. In its first implementation state, the application connects music interaction design with digital heritage in a modular, flexible and playful way and uses contemporary web technologies to enable easy operation and the greatest possible accessibility.
A review on methods for predicting miRNA–mRNA regulatory modules
Authors: Madhumita Madhumita , Paul Sushmita
Published: March 2022

Identification of complex interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs in a regulatory network helps better understand the underlying biological processes. Previously, identification of these interactions was based on sequence-based predicted target binding information. With the advancement in high-throughput omics technologies, miRNA and mRNA expression for the same set of samples are available. This helps develop more efficient and flexible approaches that work by integrating miRNA and mRNA expression profiles with target binding information. Since these integrative approaches of miRNA–mRNA regulatory modules (MRMs) detection is sufficiently able to capture the minute biological details, 26 such algorithms/methods/tools for MRMs identification are comprehensively reviewed in this article. The study covers the significant features underlying every method. Therefore, the methods are classified into eight groups based on mathematical approaches to understand their working and suitability for one’s study. An algorithm could be selected based on the available information with the users and the biological question under investigation.
Conception and realization of an IoT-enabled deep CNN decision support system for automated arrhythmia classification
Authors: Varghese Ann , Muraleedharan Sylaja Midhun , Kurian James
Published: March 2022

Arrhythmias are irregular heartbeats that may be life-threatening. Proper monitoring and the right care at the right time are necessary to keep the heart healthy. Monitoring electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns on continuous monitoring devices is time-consuming. An intense manual inspection by caregivers is not an option. In addition, such an inspection could result in errors and inter-variability. This article proposes an automated ECG beat classification method based on deep neural networks (DNN) to aid in the detection of cardiac arrhythmias. The data collected by an Internet of Things enabled ECG monitoring device are transferred to a server. They are analysed by a deep learning model, and the results are shared with the primary caregiver. The proposed model is trained using the MIT-BIH ECG arrhythmia database to classify into four classes: normal beat (N), left bundle branch block beat (L), right bundle branch block beat (R), and premature ventricular contraction (V). The received data are sampled with an overlapping sliding window and divided into an 80:20 ratio for training and testing, with tenfold cross-validation. The proposed method achieves higher accuracy with a simple model without any preprocessing when compared with previous works. For the train and test sets, we achieved accuracy rates of 99.09 and 99.03%, respectively. A precision, recall, and F1 scores of 0.99 is obtained. The proposed model achieves its goal of developing a simple and accurate ECG monitoring system with improved performance. This simple and efficient deep learning approach for heartbeat classification could be applied in real-time telehealth monitoring systems.
Thermotics As an Alternative Nonequilibrium Thermodynamic Approach Suitable for Real Thermoanalytical Measurements: A Short Review
Authors: Šesták Jaroslav , Černý Robert
Published: March 2022

The general concept of temperature is thermodynamically defined in equilibrium somehow predictable even for non-equilibrium; however, it presents some still controversial aspects, as has been shown in a number of studies and reviews that have been published so far. Equilibrium concepts are often extrapolated to apply in micro-localized equilibrium and then appended to non-equilibrium in its entirety, which helps to define out-of-equilibrium temperature on both the macroscopic and microscopic bases. Unfortunately, these theoretical analyses do not provide any guidance on how to assess and understand temperature in practical measurements, such as for conventional thermal analysis. Insufficient use of alternative thermodynamic attitudes is evident especially in the field of thermophysical studies, which do not use static measurements, because they usually involve heating from an external source, i. e., the effect of thermal dynamics on the laboratory sample. This paper presents the applied nonequilibrium thermodynamic concept, historically known as thermotics. This approach takes into account the existence of gradients and heat fluxes, which it assesses from the point of view of the average user, and considers additional influences, going beyond the description of thermodynamics in traditional textbooks. The goal is to extend their validity, even to the state of constant first-time derivatives. At the same time, it points to changes in the temperature due to thermal inertia, which has long been ignored, suggesting that the heat spreads immediately. Moreover, special techniques enabling measurements during its extreme changes probably then require an alternative concept for temperature (tempericity). This opinion paper may provide stimuli for further discussion with regard to the practice of measurements done in the customary nonisothermal mode.
The association between operating margin and surgical diversity at Critical Access Hospitals
Authors: Hopper Wade , Zeller Robert , Burke Rachel , Lindsey Tom
Published: March 2022

Context

Surgical volume is correlated with increased hospital profitability, yet many Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) offer few or no inpatient surgical services.

Objectives

This study aims to investigate the impact of the presence of different inpatient surgical services on CAH profitability.

Methods

The study design was a cross-sectional analysis of financial data from the most recent fiscal year (FY) of 1299 CAHs. Multiple linear regression was utilized to assess how the operating margin was affected by the number of different inpatient surgical services offered per hospital. Covariates known to be associated with hospital profitability included occupancy rate, case mix index (CMI), system affiliation, ownership status (public, private, or nonprofit), and geographic region.

Results

The regression model for the CAH operating margin returned an R2 value of 0.18. Each additional inpatient surgical service corresponded to a 1.5% increase in operating margin (p=0.0413). Each 10% increase in occupancy rate and 0.1 increase in CMI corresponded to a 0.9% increase in operating margin (p=0.0032 and p=0.0176, respectively). The number of surgical services offered per CAH showed positive correlations with occupancy rate (r=0.23, p<0.0001) and CMI (r=0.59, p<0.0001).

Conclusions

A positive correlation exists between operating margin and the diversity of inpatient surgical specialties available at CAHs. Furthermore, providing surgery allows CAHs to accommodate higher occupancy rates and case mixes, both of which are significantly and positively correlated with CAH operating margin.
One-parameter generalization of dual-hyperbolic Pell numbers
Authors: Bród Dorota , Szynal-Liana Anetta , Włoch Iwona
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce one-parameter generalization of dual-hyperbolic Pell numbers – dual-hyperbolic r-Pell numbers. We give some identities for them related to Catalan identity, Cassini identity, d’Ocagne identity and convolution identity. Moreover, we define their matrix generators.
Synthesis and characterization of smart stimuli-responsive herbal drug-encapsulated nanoniosome particles for efficient treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Akhlaghi Milad , Taebpour Mohammad , Lotfabadi Narges Nikoonahad , Naghib Seyed Marteza , Jalili Neda , Farahmand Leila , Haghiralsadat Bibi Fatemeh , Rahmanian Mehdi , Tofighi Davood
Published: March 2022

Extraction from the herbs was performed using the Soxhlet method. Various formula was synthesized for niosomes containing the extracts through thin film synthesis technique, and the most efficient formulation was selected. Afterwards, physicochemical properties of niosomes, including size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficacy (EE%), extract release rate, non-interactive action between the extracts and niosomes, antibacterial potential, and cellular uptake were assessed. Finally, the toxicity level of the niosomes to breast cancer cells was compared and their impact on the expression of p53 and MCL-1 was evaluated. Our data demonstrated that the synthesized niosomes were sensitive to the temperature and pH. Also, the niosomes containing Hedera Helix extract (Nio-HHE) sized 97.7 nm, with a zeta potential of −19.9 ± 6.7 mV, PDI of 0.35, and 58 ± 2.4% encapsulation efficacy showed more toxicity to the cancer cells than the niosomes of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract (Nio-GGE) with the size of 111 ± 8.5 nm, zeta potential of −23.5 ± 4.5 mV, PDI of 0.113, and 69 ± 1.2% encapsulation efficacy. The former system proved to have more antibacterial potential, and affect the expression of the oncogenes more than the latter. Meanwhile, both niosomal systems demonstrated an acceptable cellular uptake, and no chemical interaction with the extracts was observed. Furthermore, useful function of the synthesized niosomes was confirmed by morphological assessments. Our data confirmed that encapsulation of herbal extracts improves their anticancer and antibacterial potential. We concluded that Nio-HHE has more significant antitumor effects on breast cancer cells than Nio-GGE. Consequently, applying nano drug delivery systems based on herbal therapy could mitigate the side effects resulting from chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and offer promising perspectives for treatment of breast cancer.
Participatory validation and optimization of the Triple S method for sweetpotato planting material conservation in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Hundayehu Mihiretu C. , McEwan Margaret , Namanda Sam , Low Jan W. , Vandamme Elke , Brouwer Roland
Published: March 2022

A climate-resilient, root-based sweetpotato planting material (SPM) conservation method called “Triple S” or “Storage in Sand and Sprouting” has created timely access to sweetpotato planting material in areas with a prolonged dry season in Uganda and Tanzania. The aim of this study was to validate and optimize the Triple S method for conservation of sweetpotato planting material in dry areas of southern Ethiopia. The Triple S method was validated in four districts of southern Ethiopia on varieties Kulfo and Awassa 83 and compared with two common local planting material conservation methods: leaving “volunteer roots” in the soil which then sprout at the onset of rains; and planting vines under shade or mulch. Across study locations and for both varieties, Triple S resulted in a higher survival rate (81–95%) in storage during the dry season compared to the local conservation methods (7–57%). Plants of both varieties grown from roots conserved with the Triple S method showed significantly higher vine growth and lower weevil and virus infection symptoms compared to plants grown from the two local conservation methods. An additional experiment found that planting at the start of the main rainy season in June and harvesting just before the start of the dry season in October gives the highest number of medium-sized and weevil-free roots suitable for Triple S. The current study demonstrated that the Triple S method is a promising technology for small-scale sweetpotato farmers in dry areas for timely access to high-quality planting material
Ethische Aspekte der Präventionsberichterstattung
Authors: Kuhn Joseph
Published: March 2022

Ethische Aspekte werden in der Präventionsberichterstattung bisher kaum thematisiert, obwohl viele präventive Sachverhalte ethisch reflexionsbedürftig sind. Im Folgenden wird das anhand einiger Beispiele veranschaulicht.
Suchtprävention in der Verantwortung: Stigmatisierung überwinden
Authors: Berger Christa
Published: March 2022

Im Unterschied zur Suchtbehandlung ist es in der Suchtprävention noch nicht verbreitet, über ethische Voraussetzungen und unbeabsichtigte Nebenwirkungen derer Ansätze und Methoden zu diskutieren. Dabei sind Suchtprävention und Stigma konstitutiv miteinander verknüpft. Eine ethisch reflektierte Praxis verbessert die Qualität suchtpräventiver Massnahmen und trägt zur Entstigmatisierung von Sucht und Suchtkranken bei.
Freiheit, Autonomie und Gerechtigkeit im Kontext von Arbeit – Sozialphilosophische und ethische Aspekte
Authors: Schweppenhäuser Gerhard
Published: March 2022

Die Philosophie versteht körperliche und geistige Arbeit als Wesensäußerung und Verwirklichung menschlicher Autonomie in Freiheit. Die meisten Menschen erleben Arbeit aber nicht als selbstbestimmtes Tun. Im Rekurs auf Aristoteles, Kant, Hegel und Marx skizziert der Beitrag eine kritische Theorie der Arbeit im Lichte ihrer Transformation im digitalen Zeitalter. Gerechtigkeit wird kontrafaktisch als uneingeschränkte Möglichkeit zur freien Selbstbestimmung für alle Arbeitenden (innerhalb und außerhalb der Arbeit) verstanden, und damit als Voraussetzung für seelische und ggf. auch körperliche Gesundheit.
Alles privat? Zur Ethik von Public Health und neuen Technologien
Authors: Hille Eva Maria , Braun Matthias
Published: March 2022

Wie kann das Zusammenspiel von Public Health mit neuen Technologien gelingen? Der Beitrag weist aus ethischer Perspektive auf drei zentrale Herausforderungen in dem Spannungsfeld von individuellen und gesellschaftlichen Gesundheitszielen hin: 1) die Ermöglichung von individuellen Entscheidungen über die eigene Datenweitergabe und Privatsphäre in Public Health Kontexten, 2) Vertrauen als zentrale Bedingung für eine solidarische Gabe von Daten und 3) notwendig institutionell verankerte Möglichkeiten für partielle und kontextsensitive Kompromisse zum Zweck einer gemeinwohlorientierten Public Health Strategie.
Gesundheit, Kompetenz und Vertrauen
Authors: Schmidt Bettina
Published: March 2022

Gesundheitskompetenz ist wichtig für die Gesundheit, allerdings ist sie bekanntlich sozial ungleich verteilt. Betrachtet man die Impfbereitschaft gegen Covid-19 als Ausdruck angewandter Gesundheitskompetenz, so zeigt sich der soziale Gradient. Weil die Impfbereitschaft abhängig ist vom Vertrauen in den Impfstoff und die zuständigen Institutionen, und weil Vertrauen ebenfalls sozial ungleich verteilt ist, sind soziale Maßnahmen zur Vertrauensförderung unverzichtbar.
Responding to the climate crisis – bridging the gap between public health ethics and environmental ethics
Authors: Timmermann Cristian , Wabnitz Katharina , Wild Verina
Published: March 2022

The climate crisis is a major public health ethics problem that needs to be addressed using a broad set of ethical tools to analyse the manifold ethical issues. To enrich the discourse, we suggest to bridge the gap between environmental ethics and public health ethics. A planetary health ethics could help to develop a holistic perspective and create awareness about the multiple ethically relevant interactions between humans and the environment.
Geschichtsschreibung und Rechtsprechung
Authors: Fisher Gaëlle
Published: March 2022

Die Entschädigung hunderttausender Überlebender des Holocaust durch die Bundesrepublik Deutschland war ein präzedenzloser, komplexer und auch umstrittener juristischer Prozess. In den frühen 1950er Jahren entwickelte sich beispielsweise die Frage nach der Verantwortung für die Verfolgung und Ermordung der Juden im rumänischen Machtbereich während des Zweiten Weltkriegs zu einem bedeutenden Streitpunkt zwischen Überlebenden, ihren Vertretern und den westdeutschen Entschädigungsämtern. Aus diesem Grund kam Sachverständigen eine wichtige Funktion zu; dazu gehörte auch der Mitarbeiterstab des Instituts für Zeitgeschichte, allen voran Martin Broszat. Ausgehend von diesem Fall untersucht Gaëlle Fisher die vielfältigen Spannungen zwischen Geschichtsschreibung und Rechtsprechung.
Neue Technologien verkürzen Prozeßketten
Authors: Tönshoff Hans Kurt , Friemuth Thomas , Becker Jan Cord
Published: March 2022

Unter den heutigen Bedingungen des Produzierens in turbulenten Märkten und der Wandlung der Absatzmärkte zu Käufermärkten erwartet der Kunde Produkte, die in hohem Maße seinen individuellen Vorstellungen und Wünschen entsprechen. Zum Ausdruck kommt dies in der Automobilbranche unter anderem durch eine steigende Anzahl von Motorbauformen und -abmessungen und damit Kurbelwellenvarianten. Zur Befriedigung der Forderungen verlangt der Wettbewerb nach Fertigungsstrukturen, die sich dynamisch den schnell wechselnden Bedürfnissen des Marktes anpassen.
Einsatzplanung von Fertigungstechnologien*
Authors: Klocke Fritz , Eversheim Walter , Fallböhmer Markus , Brandenburg Frank
Published: March 2022

Aufgrund veränderter Marktbedingungen sind produzierende Unternehmen zunehmend gezwungen, sich mit immer komplexeren Produkten und steigender Variantenvielfalt in kürzeren Zeitabschnitten auf wettbewerbsintensiven Märkten zu behaupten. Als Konsequenz ist es erforderlich, die Produktentwicklung effektiver und effizienter zu gestalten. Demzufolge müssen auch die mit Werkstoff- und Verfahrensinnovationen verbundenen Rationalisierungspotentiale gezielt genutzt werden. Dies ist jedoch nur möglich, wenn werkstoff- und verfahrensspezifische Restriktionen bereits in einer frühen Produktentwicklungsphase Berücksichtigung finden. Um hierfür geeignete Voraussetzungen zu schaffen, wurden EDV-Hilfsmittel entwickelt. Die Prototypen Innotech, Ratech und Techbase unterstützen die integrierte Technologieplanung und ermöglichen bereits in frü- hen Phasen der Produktentwicklung eine optimale Abstimmung der Faktoren Gestalt, Werkstoff und Technologie.
Laserstrahljustieren mit dem Nd:YAG-Laser
Authors: Geiger Manfred , Huber Alexander
Published: March 2022

In der industriellen Produktion von elektrischen, optischen und mikro-mechanischen Komponenten erfordert die zunehmende Miniaturisierung eine stark verbesserte Justiertechnik. Ein vielversprechendes Verfahren zur kontrollierten Erzeugung kleiner Winkel und Verschiebungen mit sehr hoher Genauigkeit ist das Laserstrahljustieren. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung des Fachwerkaktors zum Laserstrahljustieren zusammengefaßt.
Techniktrends in der Produktionsmodernisierung
Authors: Lay Gunter , Wengel Jürgen
Published: March 2022

Obwohl die Organisation der Produktion in den letzten Jahren als Mittel der Modernisierung im Vordergrund stand, kommt der Produktionstechnik nach wie vor ein wichtiger Stellenwert zu. In diesem Beitrag wird dargestellt, welcher Technikstand in den Betrieben erreicht wurde, was für die kommenden Jahre geplant ist, und wo Defizite im Technikangebot eine breitere Nutzung bremsen. Grundlage ist die ISI-Produktionsinnovationserhebung bei 1329 Investitionsgüterbetrieben.
Vom Einzelunternehmen zum Unternehmensverbund
Authors: Wiendahl Hans-Peter , Engelbrecht Arne , Höbig Michael
Published: March 2022

Im Zuge der Globalisierung drängen immer mehr Konkurrenzunternehmen auf die bestehenden Märkte. Sie sorgen dafür, daß die angebotenen Produkte vielfach austauschbare Leistungsmerkmale aufweisen, so daß Kostenvorteile immer schwieriger zu erzielen sind. Die Unternehmen sind somit gefordert, anderweitige Differenzierungsmerkmale gegenüber den Wettbewerbern zu erschließen.
Über die Anfänge der Technikwissenschaften
Authors: Spur Günter
Published: March 2022

Die Erneuerung der Wissenschaften erfolgte in Europa durch die Gründung von Universitäten. Diese gingen meistens aus kirchlichen Schulen hervor und dienten daher zunächst wesentlich der Ausbildung der Geistlichkeit. Aus der Bindung an die Kirche ergab sich eine Distanziertheit gegenüber der Naturforschung. Das Aufkommen des neuen Weltbildes sahen die Universitäten zunächst differenziert. Später wandelten sich die Fakultäten und nahmen die Fragestellungen der aufkommenden Naturwissenschaften auf. Die steigende Bedeutung von Handwerk und Technik war mit der Gründung von Zünften, nicht aber mit der Einrichtung von technischen Disziplinen verbunden.
Personalentwicklung für lernungewohnte Beschäftigte
Authors: Gude Dagmar , Götze Melanie , Frölich-Krummenauer Melanie
Published: March 2022

Vor dem Hintergrund des strukturellen Wandels und der Effizienzüberlegungen von Unternehmen scheinen Maßnahmen zur Personalentwicklung für alle Beschäftigungsgruppen unentbehrlich zu sein. Häufig wird jedoch die Frage gestellt, welche Vorteile sich einem Unternehmen bieten, wenn es Personalentwicklung für ausgewählte Beschäftigungsgruppen durchführt. Dieser Artikel zeigt einen Ansatz der Personalentwicklung für lernungewohnte Beschäftigte auf.
Lebensdauerflexibilisierung von Produkten
Authors: Wirth Siegfried , Löffler Thomas , Mann Hubert
Published: March 2022

Lebensdauerflexibilisierung von Produkten öffnet einen Ausweg aus dem Dilemma zwischen wünschenswerter Langlebigkeit der Produkte und Schnellebigkeit von Innovationen und Bedürfniswandel. Produktfunktionen, die einem innovativen Verschleiß, Bedürfniswandel oder einer Abnutzung unterliegen, werden durch separate Komponenten realisiert, so daß sie bei Umbau, Modernisierung und Instandhaltung mit geringem Aufwand modifizierbar, austauschbar sowie zu- und rückbaubar sind.
Simulationstechnik sichert Transparenz des Investitionsobjektes
Authors: Grundig Claus-Gerold
Published: March 2022

Die Einsatzbreite der Simulationstechnik zur Qualifizierung von Planungs- und Projektierungsprozessen ist zu erhöhen. Insbesondere in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) liegen diesbezüglich Defizite vor. Am Beispiel eines Industrieprojektes werden in diesem Beitrag Einsatzmethodik und erzielbare Aussagebreite bei Nutzung der Simulationstechnik zur Auslegungs- und Investitionsplanung eines Fertigungskomplexes dargestellt.
Sicherung des Wettbewerbsvorsprungs durch gewerbliche Schutzrechte
Authors: Wiedemann Markus
Published: March 2022

Der Schutz von technischen Innovationen vor Nachahmung und Kopie bildet einen maßgeblichen Faktor für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit eines Unternehmens. Durch geeignete Anmeldestrategien können die Kosten für gewerbliche Schutzrechte in Grenzen gehalten werden.