bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF MATEMATIKA MATERI PECAHAN PADA SDIT FAJAR ILAHI 2
Authors: Siahaan Arta Uly , Fitri Lailatul , Neta Fandy
Published: September 2020

The developmet of technology are increasingly advanced changing aspects of education for the students’ teaching and learning process. Based on the 2013 curriculum in mathematics learning for SDIT Fajar Ilahi 2 class IV there are fraction materials. The subject matter of mathematics learning in school is still less interesting with learning method such as lectures. This interactive multimedia fraction material is used as an alternative learning media equipped with fractions in the form of text, images, and animations. The interactive multimedia is made using the MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle) method with 6 stages. Namely concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The interactive multimedia testing consists of validating media experts and material experts, testing normality, and testing paired sampel t-tests. The results of the interactive multimedia material fractions with the assessment of media experts get 89,7% percentage in the category of very decent. The assessment from material experts get a percentage of 94,81% in the very feasible category. While the paired sample t-test found a significance value of 0,000 < 0,05, the use of interactive multimedia fraction material is very useful in grade IV elementary school. It is clear that this product can achieve the objcetives of this research.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI NCTZEN INDONESIA TERHADAP PERILAKU MEMILIH NCT DREAM
Authors: Sari Indah Purnama , Irawatie Aniek , Kusumastuti Retno Dyah
Published: September 2020

Social media is a social change tool using the internet where social media used by everyone as their communication process that reaches all levels of society to form a group to talk about something that is in common with the group. NCTzen Indonesia is a fan group from the Kpop idol group, NCT Dream that formed from the social media Twitter, nctconfess. The nctconfess followers are considered to be able to influence the activities and behavior of other followers. This research aims to determine the effect of NCTzen Indonesia's communication through Twitter on the voting behaviour of fellow followers using the S-O-R theory as its foundation. This research uses the quantitative approach with a survey method in the form of questionnaires spread through menfess to 100 respondents in the category of followers of Nctconfess who vote in NCT Dream during the promotion period. The results based on the correlation test show that there is a strong relationship between NCTzen Indonesia's communication and voting behaviour. Referring to the test results of the coefficient of determination, they show that the magnitude of the effect generated by the Communication of NCTzen Indonesia (X) on the Voting Behavior (Y) is 39.81% and the remaining 60.19% is influenced by other factors outside this research.
FENOMENA CAPTION “TWITTER, PLEASE DO YOUR MAGIC!” MEMBANGKITKAN NETIZEN UNTUK MENOLONG
Authors: Fammy Nahdah Salsabila , Bambang Aa , Hapsari Dian Tri
Published: September 2020

This research discusses the social media Twitter, which can arouse awareness, and context sharing, which can make a tweet become viral and hotly discussed by many people, especially Twitter netizens. This research is motivated by the many uses of social media that tend to lead to actions that are inappropriate and negative. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to provide an explanation that the social media Twitter can inspire young people to provide information that is not only important but also provides profound and useful meaning. This study employs the qualitative research method and is based on phenomenology. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the social media Twitter can get more positive feedback from the public, not only by helping others but also through other good things that can be followed by other Twitter users, especially the younger generation.
ANALISIS MAKNA DENOTATIF DAN KONOTATIF DALAM FILM UPIN & IPIN EPISODE KENANGAN MENGUSIK JIWA
Authors: Juprinedi Juprinedi , Siahaan Arta Uly , Miranto Cahya
Published: September 2020

Representations of public life in recalling past events or history can be found, among others, in 3D animated films. An interpretation of connotative meaning, as the second layer meaning, arises when a symbol is associated with its psychological aspects, such as feelings, emotions, or beliefs, which are closely related to culture, knowledge, and history. This study aims to interpret symbols in the Kenangan Mengusik Jiwa episode of Upin & Ipin animated film for their denotative and connotative meaning to better understand the context of the story and the moral message conveyed. A questionnaire was used in this research to increase validity. In processing questionnaire data, a calculation is conducted using the Likert scale. The results of the study indicate that the main moral message conveyed in this episode is to never forget history or established culture. This interpretation is supported by results from questionnaire data.
Otomasi Pendorong Singkong pada Mesin Pemotong dalam Pembuatan Keripik Singkong
Authors: Silitonga Reinol
Published: September 2020

Mesin pemotong singkong otomatis merupakan suatu mesin yang dirancang untuk memotong singkong secara otomatis dengan memanfaatkan komponen elektronika. Hasil potongan singkong dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan ringan salah satunya adalah kripik singkong. Dalam perancangan alat pemotong singkong ini dibutuhkan power supply 12 VDC sebagai penyuplai tegangan,  motor power window sebagai pendorong singkong, motor kapasitor sebagai penggerak mata pisau, push button dan limit switch sebagai saklar pengaktifan komponen. Mesin ini dikontrol dengan meggunakan relay, sedangkan potensiometer digunakan dalam menentukan kelajuan pendorong singkong. Pengukuran tebal atau tipisnya hasil pemotongan diukur menggunakan jangka sorong. Hasil pemotongan singkong optimal didapat pada hambatan potensiometer 1000 kΩ dan durasi waktu 12 menit untuk 3 kg singkong dengan ketebalan pemotongan 4 mm.
Komunikasi Sistem Pembaca 2D Dengan Mesin Laser Marking Berbasis PLC
Authors: Gozali M. Syafei
Published: September 2020

Currently size of Integrated Circuits (IC) become smaller while it needs more information on its label. Therefore 2D data matrix is use to replace standard character for the identification. To improve laser mark machine capabilities to be able to read 2D data matrix, a 2D reader system is required to integrate with existing laser mark machine. This study aims to develop 2D reader system that can read 2D data matrix and communicates with laser mark machine automatically. Communication between 2D reader system and laser mark machine was done through Programmable Logic Control (PLC) inside the machine using serial (RS-232) by utilizes available data memories inside the PLC. The experimental result indicates the 2D reader system able to communicate with laser mark machine and it can differentiate readable and unreadable 2D data matrix. Unreadable 2D Code was caused by different process on the tested material. The readable 2D Code through Chemical Deflash – Water Jet (CD-WJ) process while the unreadable 2D Code run without CD-WJ.
Analisis Pengaruh Penggunaan Mesin Peniris Gorengan Terhadap Kualitas Gorengan
Authors: Budiana Budiana , Darmansyah Fenda Alang , Mahdaliza Rahmi , Nakul Fitriyanti , Putra Irwanto Zarma
Published: September 2020

Minyak goreng yang tersimpan dalam jumlah banyak pada gorengan akan meningkatkan risiko masalah kesehatan sehingga diperlukan teknik untuk mengeluarkan minyak goreng yang berlebihan pada gorengan. Teknik yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan penirisan manual dan dengan menggunakan mesin peniris otomatis. Penggunaan dua teknik tersebut akan dianalisis melalui penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terdiri atas persiapan gorengan yang akan digunakan, persiapan peniris gorengan, pengujian sistem dan penimbangan massa gorengan. Dengan membandingkan bakwan, tahu dan tempe, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa jenis gorengan yang memiliki persentase penurunan massa tertinggi dimiliki oleh gorengan bakwan dengan nilai persentase sekitar 10%. Jenis kecepatan mesin high speed memberikan persentase penurunan massa paling tinggi untuk semua jenis kecepatan dengan nilai persentase penurunan massa sekitar 10%.  Setelah proses penirisan, semua jenis gorengan memiliki kualitas yang baik karena tidak mengalami kerusakan, baik berupa sobek, patah, maupun pecah.
Sistem Pemantauan dan Pengendali Pendingin Ruangan Cerdas Berbasis Cloud dengan Raspberry PI
Authors: Khalidah Rahmi , Prebianto Nanta Fakih
Published: September 2020

Saat ini telah banyak dikembangkan sistem monitoring  dan controlling pendingin ruangan berbasis Internet of Things (IoT). IoT dalam hal ini digunakan untuk mentranformasikan data suhu ruangan melalui internet sehingga data suhu yang ditampilkan merupakan data terbaru yang bersifat real time. Sistem yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sensor DHT22 sebagai sensor suhu dan kelembapan, dan sensor Infrared (IR) sebagai pengirim sinyal IR ke pendingin ruangan. Hasil akhir berupa monitoring  suhu dan kelembapan ruangan serta controlling suhu pendingin ruangan ditampilkan pada aplikasi smartphone dan dapat dikendalikan. Monitoring dan controlling dapat dilakukan jarak jauh melalui smartphone.
ANALISIS FAKTOR INTERNAL DAN EKSTERNAL PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM SEKTOR CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI)
Authors: Effendi Syahril , Harahap Baru
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of a given return on equity, earnings per share, Inflation and Interest Rates on Stock Prices on the company's sector of consumer goods industry listed on the Indonesia stock Exchange. The population in this study consisted of 49 companies engaged in the sector of consumer goods industry listed in Bursa efek Indonesia (BEI). Sampling technique in this study using purposive sampling and there are 10 companies that meet the criteria for the selection of the sample. Financial Data in this research was obtained through IDX representative of Kepri. As for the inflation data and the interest rate is obtained from Central bureau of Statistics and Bank Indonesia. The research results of the F test show a significant influence of the mean return on equity, earnings per share, inflation and interest rates simultaneously have a significant influence on stock prices so that the regression model contained in this study deserve to be studied. Partially by t test obtained the result that variable return on equity and earnings per share have a significant effect on stock prices, while variable inflation and interest rates do not significantly influence the stock price
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KEMAMPUAN SDM TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PELAYANAN PENSERTIFIKATAN HAK ATAS TANAH PADA KANTOR PERTANAHAN KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Hadiwijaya Dudung , Fazira Rabitha
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the research is to examine the influence of the leadership and HR ability to the service effectiveness of the land property rights at Agrarian Office of Tangerang City. The result of the research indicate that the leadership and HR ability are together have significant effect toward service effectiveness. The result also indicates that the leadership have more dominant and significant effect than HR ability towards the service effectiveness of the land property rights at Agrarian Office of Tangerang City.  Keywords: the leadership, HR ability, service effectiveness
ANALISA PENYEBAB KEPUASAN KERJA YANG DIAKIBATKAN OLEH ETIKA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI KARYAWAN PT ECOSIF MULTI KREASI
Authors: Megaster Tekni , Puspitasari Ria
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the Causes of Job Satisfaction Involved by Leadership Ethics and Organizational Commitment of Employees. The design of this study is a descriptive study that describes the information and characteristics of the population or phenomenon being studied. The description used is for statistical calculation, whereas survey investigation is conducted to measure the variables with questionnaires spread by 18 questions using five points LIKERT SCALE. The method used to evaluate the survey results of several studies with regression, primary data collected from the respondents and also secondary data to support information. From the results of this study indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between leadership ethics, organizational commitment and employee job satisfaction. Data analysis used in this study is SPSS. The results of this study conclude that leadership ethics has a certain influence on organizational commitment and employee job satisfaction. Keywords: Leadership Ethics, Organizational Commitment, Employee Job Satisfaction.
DETERMINASI KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3), DAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA P.T PARDIC JAYA CHEMICAL, TANGERANG.
Authors: Hsb Kamsanuddin
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini tergolong pada penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi terdiri dari 51orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel Non Probability Sampling dengan jenis sampel jenuh.Berdasarkan output SPSS versi 19 diketahui pengaruh keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) terhadap kinerja sangat kuat dengan koefisien korelasi (r) = 0,900, sedangkan koefisien determinasi (R) = 80,9% dengan keyakinan 95% diperoleh perbandingan t hitung X1 (14,426) > t tabel (1,677), dan Sig. 0,000 < 0,05.. Pengaruh komunikasi interpersonal terhadap kinerja sangat kuat dengan koefisien korelasi (r) = 0,817, sedangkan koefisien determinasi (R) = 66,7% dengan keyakinan 95% diperoleh perbandingan t hitung X2 (9,916) > t tabel (1,677), dan Sig. 0,000 < 0,05. Pengaruh keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) dan komunikasi interpersonal secara simultan terhadap kinerja sangat kuat dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,946. Koefisien determinasi (R) = 89,4% sisanya (10,6%) dipengaruhi variabel lain yang tidak masuk dalam penelitian ini, dan dengan keyakinan 95% diperoleh perbandingan F hitung (203,026) > F tabel (3,178), dan signifikansi 0,00 < 0,05.Kata kunci: Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja, Komunikasi Interpersonal, Kinerja Karyawan
PENGARUH MODAL SENDIRI DAN MODAL PINJAMAN TERHADAP PEROLEHAN SISA HASIL USAHA PADA KOPERASI ABDI KERTA RAHARJA
Authors: Hasan Muh
Published: September 2020

Koperasi dalam memenuhi kebutuhan anggota dan masyarakat jika ingin mendapatkan hasil yang tinggi harus mampu mengelola koperasi dengan baik. Peningkatan SHU tergantung dari kegiatan yang dijalankan. Maka dari itu permodalan koperasi harus tercukupi baik modal sendiri maupun modal pinjaman. Berdarkan uraian tersebut tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sisa hasil usaha pada Koperasi Abdi Kerta Raharja.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa secara parsial variabel Modal Sendiri(X1)  tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap  Sisa Hasil Usaha(Y). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan thitung < ttabel yakni 1,922 <   2,110, dan Modal Pinjaman(X2) berpengaruh secara positif terhadap Sisa Hasil Usaha (Y). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan thitung > ttabel yakni 3,738 >   2,110. Dan secara simultan variabel Modal Sendiri (X1) dan Modal Pinjaman(X2) berpengaruh secara positif terhadap Sisa Hasil Usaha (Y) yakni Fhitung > Ftabel sebesar 62,336 > 3,55. Dengan nilai persamaan regresi berganda Y=56288145,24+0,017 X1+0,014 X2dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 88% yang sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang tidak diteliti.Kata kunci : Modal Sendiri, Modal Pinjaman, Sisa Hasil Usaha
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2015-2017)
Authors: Chanifah Siti , Budi Agung
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan sub sektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di BEI. Rasio Keuangan dinilai dengan Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Total Assets Ratio (DAR) dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER. Sedangkan kinerja perusahaan diproksikan dengan Return on Asset (ROA). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan publikasi tahunan perusahaan sub sektor makanan dan minuman dari website Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2017. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 10 perusahaan sub sektor makanan dan minuman yang diambil melalui purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda untuk menguji pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Current Ratio (CR) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan. Sementara Debt to Total Asset Ratio (DAR) berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja keuangan. Dan variabel Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja keuangan. Secara simultan CR, DAR dan DER tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan. Kata Kunci: Current Ratio, Debt to Total Asset Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio dan Return On Assets
ANALISIS TINGKAT RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH, TINGKAT RISIKO PEMBIAYAAN MUSYARAKAH, FINANCING TO DEPOSIT RATIO (FDR) DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PADA BANK PEMBIAYAAN RAKYAT SYARIAH
Authors: Masturo Masturo , Hendrianto Samino
Published: September 2020

Analisis Tingkat Risiko Pembiayaan Murabahah, Musyarakah, Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Profitabilitas pada Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah Periode 2015-2017 yang telah di publikasikan oleh BI dan OJKTeknik sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel sebanyak 3 BPRS yaitu Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS) Amanah Rabbaniah Bandung, BPRS Berkah Ramadhan Tangerang, dan BPRS HIK Tangerang.  Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa secara parsial risiko pembiayaan murabahah (NPF murabahah) dan Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Sedangkan risiko pembiayaan musyarakah (NPF musyarakah) memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Kata Kunci: Risiko Pembiayaan Murabahah (NPF Murabahah), Risiko Pembiayaan Musyarakah (NPF Musyarakah), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Profitabilitas (ROA).
PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN PT.JEMBO ENERGINDO
Authors: Sugandha Sugandha , Wibowo Fx.Pudjo , Hendra Hendra
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan PT Jembo Energindo. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menyebar kuensioner, sedang metode penelitian dengan menggunakan Simple Random Sampling. Uji t hitung didapat nilai t hitungpelatihan 14.053 >ttabel1.65993 dan .000< 0.05 dan nilai t hitungpengembangan sumber daya manusia 14.053 >ttabel1.65993 dan .000< 0.05sehingga hipotesis yang menyatakan pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia berpengaruh positif secara parsial terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Jembo Energindo.Uji F , didapatF hitung> F tabel atau 268.793 > 3.09 atau tingkat signifikasi (sig) 0.000 <0.05 sehingga hipotesis yang menyatakan pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap prestasi kerja karyawan pada PT. Jembo Energindo danSquare (R2) koefisien determinasi menunjukkankoefisien determinasi yang berarti persentase kontribusi variabel independen, bahwa pelatihan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia memberikan sumbangan sebesar 84,2% terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Jembo Energindo. Kata Kunci: pelatihan, pengembangan sumber daya manusia dan prestasi kerja karyawan.
PENGARUH GAYA HIDUP DAN KELAS SOSIAL TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN SMARTPHONE ADVAN PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH TANGERANG
Authors: Eka Sumarga Hendi , Ayu Lestari Sofyanti
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya hidup dan kelas sosial terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen Smartphone Advan Pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif.                       Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Program Studi Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang sebanyak 3122 Mahasiswa. Sampel ditentukan dengan metode incidental sampling dan memperoleh 97 responden sebagai sampel. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 21.            Hasil penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa secara parsial variabel Gaya Hidup (X1) berpengaruh secara positif terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan thitung > ttabel yakni 9,086 > 1,985, dan Kelas Sosial (X2) berpengaruh secara positif terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y). Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan thitung > ttabel yakni 7,654 > 1,985 dan nilai signifikan regresi sebesar 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,050. Dan secara simultan variabel Gaya Hidup (X1) dan Kelas Sosial (X2) berpengaruh secara positif terhadap Keputusan Pembelian (Y) yakni Fhitung > Ftabel sebesar 55,016 > 3,09. Dengan nilai persamaan regresi berganda Y = 14,208 + 0,908 X1 + 0,834 X2 dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 52,9% yang sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang tidak diteliti.Kata kunci : Gaya Hidup, Kelas Sosial, Keputusan Pembelian
The developmental trajectories of spatial skills in middle childhood
Authors: Hodgkiss Alex , Gilligan Katie Anne , Thomas Michael , Tolmie Andrew , Farran Emily
Published: September 2020

The multidimensional structure of spatial ability remains a debated issue. However, the developmental trajectories of spatial skills have yet to be investigated as a source of evidence within this debate. We tested the intrinsic vs. extrinsic and static vs. dynamic dimensions of the Uttal et al. (2013) typology in relation to spatial development. Participants (N = 184) aged 6-11 completed spatial tasks chosen to measure these spatial dimensions. The results indicated that the developmental trajectories of intrinsic vs extrinsic skills differed significantly. Intrinsic skills improved more between 6 and 8 years, and 7 and 8 years, than extrinsic skills. Extrinsic skills increased more between 8 and 10 years than intrinsic skills. The trajectories of static vs. dynamic skills did not differ significantly. The findings support the intrinsic vs. extrinsic, but not the static vs. dynamic dimension, of the Uttal et al. (2013) typology.
Does preregistration improve the credibility of research findings?
Authors: Rubin Mark
Published: September 2020

Preregistration entails researchers registering their planned research hypotheses, methods, and analyses in a time-stamped document before they undertake their data collection and analyses. This document is then made available with the published research report to allow readers to identify discrepancies between what the researchers originally planned to do and what they actually ended up doing. This historical transparency is supposed to facilitate judgments about the credibility of the research findings. The present article provides a critical review of 17 of the reasons behind this argument. The article covers issues such as HARKing, multiple testing, p-hacking, forking paths, optional stopping, researchers’ biases, selective reporting, test severity, publication bias, and replication rates. It is concluded that preregistration’s historical transparency does not facilitate judgments about the credibility of research findings when researchers provide contemporary transparency in the form of (a) clear rationales for current hypotheses and analytical approaches, (b) public access to research data, materials, and code, and (c) demonstrations of the robustness of research conclusions to alternative interpretations and analytical approaches.
Novel conceptual combination can dynamically reconfigure semantic memory networks
Authors: Kenett Yoed , Thompson-Schill Sharon L.
Published: September 2020

We do not simply have concepts; we use concepts. And, the way in which we use concepts can dynamically change the relations among them. One way to shed light on this dynamic nature is to examine how the novel processing of concepts—in our case, interpreting unfamiliar nominal compounds—might reconfigure semantic memory networks. We used network science tools to characterize properties of participants’ semantic networks (e.g., connectivity), and we compared these networks before and after participants constructed novel conceptual combinations. Furthermore, we contrasted combinations in which one attribute of one concept is used to describe another (attributive) with those in which a relation is identified to link two concepts (relational). We found that relational, but not attributive, combinations increased connectivity and lowered structure in the network. We suggest that constructing relational interpretations of compounds requires the generation of novel contexts, thus leading to greater restructuring of the semantic network.
How social relationships shape moral wrongness judgments
Authors: Earp Brian D. , McLoughlin Killian Lorcan , Monrad Joshua , Clark Margaret S. , Crockett Molly
Published: September 2020

Our judgments of whether an action is morally wrong depend on who is involved and their relationship to one another. But how, when, and why do social relationships shape such judgments? Here we provide new theory and evidence to address this question. In a pre- registered study of U.S. participants (n = 423, nationally representative for age, race and gender), we show that particular social relationships (like those between romantic partners, housemates, or siblings) are normatively expected to serve distinct cooperative functions – including care, reciprocity, hierarchy, and mating – to different degrees. In a second pre- registered study (n = 1,320) we show that these relationship-specific norms, in turn, influence the severity of moral judgments concerning the wrongness of actions that violate cooperative expectations. These data provide evidence for a unifying theory of relational morality that makes highly precise out-of-sample predictions about specific patterns of moral judgments across relationships. Our findings show how the perceived morality of actions depends not only on the actions themselves, but also on the relational context in which those actions occur.
The neural dynamics of semantic diversity in spoken word recognition: The role of alpha-beta power
Authors: Borges Priscila , Piai Vitória
Published: September 2020

Word recognition performance is significantly affected by semantic diversity (SemD), acorpus-based measure that indexes the degree to which the contexts associated with a word are similar in meaning. Due to the prominence of SemD as a determinant of behaviour, it is important to understand its neural correlates, but these remain underexplored. To address thisgap, this study examines whether and how SemD information is reflected in alpha-beta power dynamics during spoken word recognition. Given previous evidence linking stronger alpha-beta power decreases to semantically richer words, high-SemD words were predicted to elicit stronger alpha-beta power decreases relative to low-SemD words. Electroencephalographic data were recorded while 13 older adults performed a word-picture verification task. Average alpha-beta (10–20 Hz) power around 400–600 ms post-word onset served as the dependentvariable in linear mixed models whose fixed effects included SemD and other psycholinguistic variables. Results showed that SemD was not a significant predictor whenposterior sites were considered. However, when anterior sites and a later time window were examined, a significant effect of SemD was found, with higher scores predicting stronger alpha-beta power decreases. Additional analyses on event-related potential responses around 300–500 ms post-stimulus showed no effects of SemD. These findings provide the first insights into the electrophysiological signature of SemD and corroborate previous reports of stronger alpha-beta power decreases when more lexical-semantic information needs to beretrieved from memory. The null results are discussed in view of a few methodologicalaspects, which could be explored in future studies.
Learning, Inside and Out: Prior Linguistic Knowledge and Learning Environment Impact Word Learning in Bilingual Individuals
Authors: Palma Pauline , Marin Marie-France , onishi k , Titone Debra
Published: September 2020

Although several studies have focused on novel word learning and lexicalization in (presumably) monolingual speakers, less is known about how bilinguals add novel words to their mental lexicon. Here, we trained 33 English-French bilinguals on novel word-forms that were neighbors to English words with no existing neighbors. Neighborhood density among the novel neighbors for each English word varied, as well as the cross-linguistic orthographic overlap between the English word and its French translation. We assessed episodic memory and lexicalization of the novel words before and after a consolidation period. Cross-linguistic similarity enhanced episodic memory of novel neighbors, only when neighborhood density among the novel neighbors was low. We also found evidence that novel neighbors of English words with high cross-linguistic similarity became lexicalized after a consolidation period. Overall, the results suggest that the similarity to pre-existing lexical representations crucially impacted lexicalization of novel word by bilingual individuals.
Human Responses to Covid-19: The Role of Optimism Bias, Perceived Severity, and Anxiety
Authors: Fragkaki Iro , Maciejewski Dominique F. , Weijman Esther , Feltes Jonas , Cima Maaike
Published: September 2020

In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, the governments are trying to contain the spread with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as social distancing rules, restrictions, and lockdowns. In an effort to identify factors that may influence population adherence to NPIs, we examined the role of optimism bias, anxiety, and perceived severity of the situation in relation to engagement in protective behavioral changes and satisfaction with governments’ response to this pandemic. We conducted an online survey in 935 participants (Mage = 34.44; 68.88% females) that was disseminated in April and May 2020 in the Netherlands, Germany, Greece, and USA. Individuals with high optimism bias engaged less in behavioral changes, whereas individuals with high levels of anxiety and high perceived severity engaged more in behavioral changes. Individuals with high optimism bias and individuals with high levels of anxiety were less satisfied with the governments’ response, albeit for different reasons. Individuals who reported low perceived severity and low government satisfaction engaged the least in behavioral changes, whereas participants who reported high perceived severity and low government satisfaction engaged the most in behavioral changes. This study contributes to a better understanding of the psychological factors that influence people’s responses to NPIs.
An examination of variability in offender residences across different spatial scales. A case study in Birmingham.
Authors: Langton Samuel , Steenbeek Wouter , Adepeju Monsuru
Published: September 2020

Objectives: This paper disentangles the degree of concentration and variance in offender residences across different levels of spatial aggregation. Three nested units are analysed simultaneously (and longitudinally) to explore the impact of using different spatial scales, opening prospect for a comparison with existing findings from crime concentration literature. Methods: Data is utilized from West Midlands Police Force, containing the locations of residence for all known offenders in Birmingham between the years 2006 and 2016. Resident locations are aggregated to 3223 Output Areas (OA), nested within 639 Lower Super Output Areas (LSOA), further nested within 132 Middle Super Output Areas (MSOA). Descriptive and model-based statistics are deployed to replicate a recent study for crime events (Steenbeek & Weisburd, 2016). Results: In contrast to the crime concentration literature, the results indicate that most variance (~50%) in offender residence concentrations is attributable to the largest spatial scale (MSOA level). Output Areas, as the most fine-grained unit, capture approximately 39% of the variance, although this proportion increases during the study period at the expense of MSOA. Conclusions: Findings suggest that the relationship between variance and scale when studying offender residences is not as clear-cut as it is for crimes. Larger units hold some merit (empirically and theoretically), but this is time-dependent, opening up discussions on the role of urban development in determining the appropriateness of spatial scale.
Online Classes as a Paradigm Shift in Teaching and Learning Culture
Authors: Paudyal Ganga Ram
Published: September 2020

This article shows a shift that is brought about by the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching and learning activities in Nepal. The objective is to investigate how online classes have transformed traditional teaching models. It reviews the effectiveness and challenges of online classes as the world is rapidly moving to the digital era. The policies and plans of the Government of Nepal are directed to integrate ICT tools to transform traditional models of teaching realizing the necessity and importance of using technology in education. The proper application of technologies has transformed the practices and procedures of all forms of venture within education, business, governance, and personal life. Online classes apply flexible delivery modes to help and address the issues of the diverse potential learners by providing multiple pathways and opportunities for those seeking further education in future although they have some challenges. During the COVID-19 pandemic, all schools and universities in Nepal have switched their regular classes into online classes to give continuity in teaching and learning. This pandemic can be an opportunity to accelerate technology-based learning in academic institutions, developing online teaching and learning infrastructure.
Analisis Kesulitan Siswa SMP Kelas VIII pada Materi Segiempat dan Segitiga Berdasarkan Tahapan Berpikir Van Hiele
Authors: Linda Linda , Bernard Martin , Fitriani Nelly
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta menganalisis kesulitan matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika terutama pada materi segitiga dan segiempat. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VIII SMP di Bandung. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tes tulis berupa esai yang berjumlah 5 soal. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode analisis deskriptif, agar dapat mengetahui kesalahan dan kekeliruan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal. Pengolahan data dihitung kedalam bentuk rata-rata skor siswa yang diperoleh dengan analisis berdasarkan tahapan Van Hiele. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa ketercapaian siswa dalam memecahkan soal materi segiempat dan segitiga berdasarkan tahapan berpikir Van Hiele terbanyak berada pada tahap 1 (analisis) sebesar 87,87%. Ketercapaian berpikir pada tahapan Van Hiele yang baik baru mencapai tahapan visualisasi (tahap 0) sebesar 12,12%. Pada tahap 2 (deduksi informal) dan tahap 3 (deduksi) siswa belum mampu mencapai tahapan tersebut. Dengan demikian dapat dilihat bahwa tingkat pemahaman siswa terhadap materi segiempat dan segitiga masih tergolong rendah sehingga terdapat kesulitan dan kendala bagi siswa dalam mengerjakan soal pada materi segiempat dan segitiga berdasarkan tahapan Van Hiele.

Kata kunci: kesulitan siswa, segiempat dan segitiga, tahap berpikir Van Hiele.

 

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to analyze student’s mathematical difficulties in solving mathematics problems, especially in quadrilateral and triangular material. The subject of this study were students of class VIII of Junior high school in Bandung. The instrument used were written tests in the form of essays consists of 5 questions. This research method uses descriptive analysis of students mistakes in solving problems. The data is analysis based on Van Hiele theory. The results of this study stated that the students' achievement in solving rectangular and triangle material problems based on Van Hiele's thinking stage was mostly in stage 1 (analysis) of 87.87%. The achievement of Van Hiele's good thinking stages has only reached the visualization stage (stage 0) of 12.12%. For stage 2 (informal deduction) and stage 3 (deduction) no student has been able to reach that stage. Thus it can be seen that the level of student understanding of rectangular and triangular material is still relatively low so that there is difficulty in solving students' problems on rectangular and triangular material based on Van Hiele's thinking stages.

Keywords: Student difficulties, quadrilateral and triangular, Van Hiele Thinking stage.
Performa Mahasiswa dalam Menjawab Permasalahan Graf pada Matakuliah Matematika Diskrit
Authors: Nasution Andrea Arifsyah , Lubis Asrin , Firdaus Muliawan
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK

Jenis penelitian yang dilaksanakan dalam artikel ini adalah adalah deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang kemampuan awal bernalar matematika mahasiswa, khususnya Universitas Negeri Medan, pada mata kuliah matematika diskrit. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester IV pada program studi pendidikan matematika tahun akademik 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 45 orang. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara memberikan pretest kepada mahasiswa dengan waktu 15 menit dan wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai bagaimana mahasiswa menyelesaikan permasalah yang disajikan. Hasil dari pretest dan wawancara dijadikan bahan untuk menjawab masalah utama pada penelitian ini. Dalam hal ini, temuan penelitian mengemukakan bahwa kemampuan awal mahasiswa pada umumnya belum dapat membantu mereka memecahkan masalah-masalah graf bahkan sebagian mahasiswa tidak dapat menyelesaikan pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang disajikan. Dalam meyelesaikan permasalahan yang diberikan, beberapa mahasiswa cenderung melakukan metode trial and error, sedangkan yang lainnya menggunakan penjabaran penjabaran dengan kata-kata ataupun gambar.

Kata kunci: analisis kemampuan awal, kemampuan bernalar (reasoning skills), graf, matematika diskrit.

 

ABSTRACT

This paper attempts to descibe descriptively towards a study which is conducted to provide an overview about college students’ initial reasoning skills, especially Universitas Negeri Medan, at Discrete Mathematics course. The implementation of this study involves 45 fourth-semester students of mathematics education program as the research subject. The data was collected by giving fifteen-minute pretest and conducting interview with the students. The interview aimed to acquire the information about how the students deal with the problems. The results of pretest and interview were laterly used to answer the main question of this study. In this case, the findings of this study show that the students’ initial understanding is not adequate to solve the problems about graph and some students leave the worksheet with no answer. In order to deal with the problems, students come up with trial and error method and others attempt to solve the problems with word description and pictures.

Keywords: initial understanding analysis, reasoning skills, graph, discrete mathematics.
Diabetic Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy: Insulin Resistance, Lipids and Simvastatin
Authors: Serhiyenko Victoria , Serhiyenko Victoria , Ajmi Samir , Serhiyenko Alexandr
Published: September 2020

Background: Treatment of diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a complex process, that
includes: lifestyle modification; reducing of insulin resistance (IR); optimal glycemic control; management
of diabetic dyslipidemia; antioxidants; vitamins; treatment of myocardial metabolic abnormalities;
thrombosis and others. The aim of study was to investigate the effects of simvastatin on insulin resistance
and blood lipid profile parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the definite stage of
cardiac autonomic neuropathy.
Methods: The study involved 107 patients with type 2 DM among them 16 patients without CAN, 19 with
subclinical stage of CAN and 72 with definite CAN. Median age of patients was 53.6±0.41 years, disease
duration - 4.12±0.24 years and median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) - 7.01%±0.09%. The control group
included 14 almost healthy people without DM. Patients with definite CAN were allocated into two
treatment groups: 1st group - 22 patients received standard hypoglycemic therapy and simvastatin 20
mg/day; 2nd group - control (n = 15). The duration of the study was 3 mos. The concentrations of glucose,
HbA1c, immunoreactive insulin (IRI) in the blood were determined. Lipid metabolism was assessed by the
concentration of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) measurements. The IR index (HOMA-IR), atherogenic
coefficient (AC), TG/HDL-C parameters, and TG-glucose (TyG) index were calculated.
Result: It was established that in patients with type 2 DM with subclinical stage of CAN there was
statistically significant increase in the parameters of HbA1c, IRI, TC, TG and HOMA-IR, AC, TyG indices
and decrease of TG/HDL-C and HDL-C compared to control; increase of IRI, TG, TG/HDL-C and TyG
indices compared to patients with type 2 DM without CAN. The definite stage of CAN is characterized by
an increase of HbA1c, IRI, TC, LDL-C levels and HOMA-IR, AC indices and a significant decrease in the
concentration of HDL-C (compared to patients with subclinical CAN). As a result of our study, we found
out that prescription of simvastatin to patients with definite stage of CAN was accompanied by a statistically
significant decrease in the concentration of TC, LDL-C, TG and an increase in the content of HDL-C
(compared to 2nd, control group).
Conclusion: Obtained results justify the appropriateness of statins prescription to patients with type
2 DM and the definite stage of CAN.
Investigation of peanut resi-due in cakes sold in Istanbul
Authors: Çetin Ayşe Seray , Çolak Hilal , Hampikyan Hamparsun
Published: September 2020

Peanuts are the most dange-rous among food allergens. It is therefore the most common cause of deadly foodborne anaphylaxis in developed and developing countries. Indivi-duals with peanut allergies are in danger of peanut exposure in cases such as the use of raw materials contaminated with peanuts, cross contamination during processing, unintentio-nal transport of allergens from common equipment, deliberate participation or non-compliance with labeling ru-les. In this study, peanut residue in cakes in Istanbul markets was investigated by ELISA to raise awareness and warn both consumers who are allergic to peanuts and food producers. For this purpose, a total of 84 cake samples were collected, including 42 packaged cakes that were declared free of pea-nuts on their labels and 42 un-packaged cakes that were dec-lared free from peanuts by their producer/saller. As a re-sult of the study, indicate that, the peanut residue was detec-ted in one out of 42 analyzed packaged cake samples (2.4%) at a level of 6.15 ppm. Besides, in 6 unpackaged cake samples (14%) the peanut residue le-vels ranged between 2.5 ppm and 20 ppm. Moreover in 10 samples (23.8%) these levels were detected more than 20 ppm. In conclusion, cake samples sold with and without packaging may contain various amounts of peanut residiues and this situation, which does not comply with Turkish Food Codex, can be harmful for the public health and life threat-hening for the allergic induvi-duals.
Sobrevivência e perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos de isolados de Salmonella sp. em dejeto suíno armazenado
Authors: Schmidt Verônica , Oliveira Amanda Dias de , Mansson Melanie Alice Machado , Vieira Tatiana Regina
Published: September 2020

This study aimed determine the survival and antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella sp. samples isolated from swine manure systems plats with capacity for a minimum period of 120 days of wastewater. Of the 63-manure sample analyzed, Salmonella sp. was recovered only in nine (14.28%) of them, with serovars Typhimurium (79.4%), Panama (11.8%) and Derby (5.9%) and one isolate (2.9%) characterized as S. enterica. The presence at least one sample of Salmonella was determined in six systems, with the greatest number of isolations occurring at 120 days of storage. The antimicrobial resistance profile proved to be variable, and all samples were sensitive to amikacin, gentamicin, amoxicillin, neomycin and ciprofloxacin. Resistance to four or more antimicrobials was present in 20.6% of the isolates. There was a higher percentage of resistance after 120 days of storage in the systems and total multidrug resistance index (MAR) was 0.2. The role that waste treatment plays in the level of resistance of bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract is still controversial. While some studies point to a bneficial effect, represented by reduction of the resistance level of the samples during treatment, others affirm that the passage through the systems would provide the exchange of genes between bacterial strains resulting in an increase in multiresistance. This fact was observed in the present study, considering that the MAR index above o.2 is considered risk, since these microrganisms could act as reservoirs of resistance genes for other bacteria, including those in contact with the human population. Based on the results, it was concluded that samples of Salmonella survive after 120 days of storage of swine manure, with a tendency to increase in the resistance profile afther this period.
Dilatação vólvulo gástrica em cão de pequeno porte: Relato de caso
Authors: Do Valle Oliveira Danilo do Valle Oliveira , Dias Angelo Ana Luiza , Alves Borges da SIlva Aretha
Published: September 2020

Gastric volvulus dilation is a syndrome with high mortality that predominantly affects large dogs. It has a multifactorial etiology, the diagnosis is made through anamnesis, clinical signs and radiography. Gastropexy is a surgical technique that prevents recurrences. The prognosis is reserved, so early therapy increases the animal's chances of survival. This study aimed to report the main predisposing factors of the partial gastric valve in a canine patient, Daschund, female, 12 years old attended at a private veterinary clinic in Salvador – Bahia.