bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single oral doses of BI 187004, an inhibitor of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1, in healthy male volunteers with overweight or obesity
Authors: Bianzano Susanna , Heise Tim , Jungnik Arvid , Schepers Cornelia , Schölch Corinna , Gräfe-Mody Ulrike
Published: August 2021

Background

The study characterizes safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of single rising doses of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11beta-HSD1) inhibitor BI 187004 in healthy men with overweight or obesity.

Methods

This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study with administration of 2.5–360 mg BI 187004 or placebo once daily as single dose in 72 healthy male volunteers with overweight or obesity.

Assessments included 11beta-HSD1 inhibition in the liver (assessed indirectly by urinary tetrahydrocortisol/tetrahydrocortisone ratio) and in subcutaneous adipose tissue ex vivo and determination of hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis hormones.

Results

BI 187004 was well tolerated and safe in all tested dose groups. The incidence of drug-related adverse events was 16.7% (n = 9) for all 9 BI 187004 dose groups and 5.9% (n = 1) for placebo. All treatment groups were similar concerning kind and intensity of adverse events. No clinically relevant deviations in clinical laboratory or ECG parameters were reported. Exposure of BI 187004 increased non-proportionally over the entire dose range tested. The geometric mean apparent terminal half-life decreased from 33.5 h (5 mg) to 14.5 h (160 mg) remaining stable up to 360 mg. Renal excretion of BI 187004 was low (3–5%). Urinary tetrahydrocortisol/tetrahydrocortisone ratio decreased, indicating liver 11beta-HSD1 inhibition. Median inhibition of 11beta-HSD1 in subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies following single dosing ranged from 86.8% (10 mg) to 99.5% (360 mg) after 10 h and from 59.4% (10 mg) to 98.6% (360 mg) after 24 h.

Conclusions

BI 187004 as single dose was safe and well tolerated and is suitable for once daily dosing. There was significant, sustained 11beta-HSD1 inhibition in liver and adipose tissue.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01587417, registered on 26-Apr-2012.
Morning blood pressure surge in the early stage of hypertensive patients impacts three-dimensional left ventricular speckle tracking echocardiography
Authors: Kwon Ami , Ihm Sang Hyun , Park Chan Seok
Published: August 2021

Background

The aim of this study was to examine left ventricular (LV) function in untreated, newly diagnosed hypertensive patients with morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) status using three-dimensional (3D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE).

Methods

In this study, 163 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients were included, and all patients underwent 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). According to ABPM, participants were divided into a MBPS group and a non-MBPS group. The entire study population was examined by complete two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and 3D STE.

Result

The results of this study showed that 3D LV longitudinal strain was significantly decreased in the MBPS group compared with the non-MBPS group (− 30.1 ± 2.0 vs. -31.1 ± 2.7, p = 0.045). Similar trends were observed for 3D twist (9.6 ± 6.1 vs. 12.1 ± 4.8, p = 0.011) as well as for 3D torsion (1.23 ± 0.78 vs. 1.49 ± 0.62, p = 0.042). The LV principal strain was decreased in the MBPS group (− 33.9 ± 1.7 vs. -35.5 ± 2.8, p < 0.001). The 3D LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) and principal strain were significantly associated with quartile of MBPS as measured by systolic blood pressure (SBP).

Conclusion

The 3D STE revealed that LV mechanics were more impaired in the MBPS group than in the non-surge newly diagnosed, untreated hypertensive patients; even the 2D TTE parameters showed no difference.
Small cell carcinoma presenting as a biatrial mass with obstructive physiology: a case report
Authors: Ratican Sara , Shin Soomin , Moretto John
Published: August 2021

Background

Small cell carcinoma is a highly aggressive and often fatal cancer that most commonly arises in the lung, although it can occasionally arise from other sites, such as the gastrointestinal tract, prostate or cervix. Cardiac involvement, however, is extremely uncommon and therefore has been poorly documented in the literature.

Case presentation

We describe a rare case of a 31-year-old male with small cell carcinoma presenting as a massive, 15-cm cardiac tumor invading the bilateral atria, interatrial septum, and pericardium without an apparent primary malignancy on PET CT and cardiac MRI. With extensive tissue necrosis, traditional methods of obtaining a right atrial endomyocardial biopsy via internal jugular venous access failed and a diagnosis was made via endoscopic ultrasound guided transesophageal fine needle aspiration of the left atrial mass. Due to the extensive tumor invasion, the patient was not a suitable candidate for surgical resection, debulking, or heart transplant. The patient was treated with etoposide, carboplatin, atezolizumab, and radiation therapy with initial monitoring in the intensive care unit due to concern that tumor lysis may cause rapid cardiac decompensation. Unfortunately, 4 months after chemoradiation therapy, the malignancy progressed and the patient passed away 6 months after the initial diagnosis.

Conclusion

We describe a rare occurrence of small cell carcinoma presenting as a massive cardiac tumor without apparent primary malignancy. This case demonstrates useful alternative diagnostic strategies and treatment considerations for patients presenting with a rare cardiac mass.
Sleep during infancy, inhibitory control and working memory in toddlers: findings from the FinnBrain cohort study
Authors: Morales-Muñoz Isabel , Nolvi Saara , Mäkelä Tiina , Eskola Eeva , Korja Riikka , Fernandes Michelle , Karlsson Hasse , Paavonen E. Juulia , Karlsson Linnea
Published: August 2021

Background

Sleep difficulties are associated with impaired executive functions (EFs) in school-aged children. However, much less is known about how sleep during infancy relates to EF in infants and toddlers. The aim of this study was to investigate whether parent-reported sleep patterns at 6 and 12 months were associated with their inhibitory control (IC) and working memory (WM) performances at 30 months.

Methods

This study included children whose parents filled in a sleep questionnaire at 6 or 12 months and who participated in the development assessment at 30 months (initial available sample at 30 months; N = 472). The final sample comprised (a) 359 infants with IC task and sleep questionnaire at 6 months and 322 toddlers at 12 months and (b) 364 infants with WM task and sleep questionnaire at 6 months and 327 toddlers at 12 months. Nighttime, daytime and total sleep duration, frequency of night awakenings, time awake at night, and proportion of daytime sleep were assessed at 6 and 12 months using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. IC at 30 months was measured using a modified version of the Snack Delay task, and WM was measured at 30 months using the Spin the Pots task. Further, children were divided into three groups (i.e., “poor sleepers”, “intermediate sleepers”, and “good sleepers”) based on percentile cut-offs (i.e., <10th, 10th–90th and > 90th percentiles) to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the direction and nature of the associations between sleep and EF in early childhood.

Results

Our results showed an inverted U-shaped association between proportion of daytime sleep at 12 months and IC at 30 months, indicating that average proportions of daytime sleep were longitudinally associated with better IC performance. Furthermore, a linear relation between time awake at night at 12 months and WM at 30 months was found, with more time awake at night associating with worse WM.

Conclusions

Our findings support the hypothesis that sleep disruption in early childhood is associated with the development of later EF and suggest that various sleep difficulties at 12 months distinctively affect WM and IC in toddlers, possibly in a nonlinear manner.
Monitoring the mode of action of synthetic and natural biocides against Aeromonas hydrophila by Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors: Mehta Megha , Liu Yang , Waterland Mark , Holmes Geoff
Published: August 2021

We have investigated the mode of action of synthetic biocides, (2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole(TCMTB), dichlorophen, (commonly used in leather industry for preservation) and natural biocides, oregano and eucalyptus oils, onAeromonas hydrophilausing Raman spectroscopy in collaboration with multivariate analysis and 2D correlation spectroscopy to evaluate whether Raman spectra acquired contained valuable information to study the action of biocides on bacterial cells. The growth ofA. hydrophilain clear and outer edge zone of inhibition differ in their reaction with different biocides, which allows us to highlight the differences as a characteristic of two kinds of bacteria. Such classification helps identify oregano oil as the most effective biocide by altering clear and outer edge zone of bacteria. Standard disk diffusion assay method was used for screening biocide bacteria interactions and later analysed by Raman spectroscopy. The paper also presents the introduction of TCMTB and oregano oil into leather processing stages to examine and determine the antimicrobial effect as an application to real-world setting. Therefore, we conclude that Raman spectroscopy with appropriate computational tools constitutes a powerful approach for screening biocides, which provide solutions to all the industries using biocides including leather industry, considering the potentially harmful effect of biocides to humans and the environment.

Graphical abstract
Adult cancer patients and parents of younger cancer patients have little information about fertility preservation: a survey of knowledge and attitude
Authors: Omani-Samani Reza , Vesali Samira , Navid Behnaz , Mohajeri Marzieh , Rafsanjani Khadijeh Arjmandi , Aghamaleki Seyyedeh Zahra Nemati , Mohammadi Maryam
Published: August 2021

Background

Impaired fertility is one of the side effects of effective cancer therapy. Saving the potential or storing the material to enable people to have biological children after cancer treatment can be of high importance to many cancer survivors. Therefore, we designed a study to determine knowledge and attitudes to fertility preservation (FP) in adult cancer patients and the parents of patients with cancer. Participants who completed this survey were a convenience sample of 384 parents of cancer patients < 18 years and cancer patients ≥ 18 years from two large referral hospitals. A 25-item self-administered questionnaire measured knowledge and attitudes to FP. Responses were yes/no, or on a 4-point Likert scale (greatly, usually, rarely, never) scored from 1 for never to 4 for greatly.

Results

Most parents and most cancer patients were unaware of the FP methods of embryo cryopreservation (96.3% and 88.4%, respectively) and sperm cryopreservation (97.5% and 89.0%, respectively). Attitudes among cancer patients and parents to use of FP options, based on a 4-point Likert scale, were determined by financial cost, lack of access and information on FP options.

Conclusion

Of concern in this sample of Iranian adult cancer patients and their parents is that knowledge of the fertility risk associated with cancer therapy and knowledge of FP treatment options was generally poor, particularly among the parents. To enable cancer patients or their parents to make the best decisions about using FP services, oncologists and fertility specialists should discuss FP options during their consultation.
Ultrasound in pediatric surgery; intraoperative applications of the growing technology
Authors: Bawazir Osama , Bawazeer Omemh Abdullah
Published: August 2021

Background

Ultrasonography is increasingly used in pediatric surgery. Intraoperatively, ultrasonography can be used to confirm the preoperative diagnosis, guide the surgical approach, and enhance decision-making. We aimed to report our experience with intraoperative ultrasonography in different neonatal and pediatric procedures. So, a retrospective study was designed. It included all pediatric patients who had intraoperative ultrasound between January 2018 and October 2020 in a single center.

Results

We used intraoperative ultrasonography in 208 pediatric patients for various types of surgery. The authors compared ultrasound-guided central line insertion (n = 139) to the landmark method (n = 153). The number of trials was significantly lower in the ultrasound-guided method (P < 0.001). Conversion to cut-down was significantly lower with the ultrasound-guided technique (4 (2.8%) vs. 13 (8.5%); P = 0.047) and insertion-related complications were lower with ultrasound (0 vs 13 (8.5%); P < 0.001). We used ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy for cystic hygroma in 15 patients. Nine patients had successful treatment with a single injection (60%).

Conclusion

The application of intraoperative ultrasound in pediatric patients is increasing in our institution. The technique is safe and could effectively reduce central line insertion complications and enhance cystic hygroma sclerotherapy’s success with a single injection. Ultrasonography should be an essential part of residents’ and fellows’ training in pediatric surgery.
Dental Tourism Development in India: An Emopirical Study
Authors: T A Binoy , A Monisha
Published: August 2021

Medical Tourism in India has emerged as one of the fastest growing segments of the tourism industry despite the global economic downturn.  High cost of treatments in the developed counties, particularly the USA and UK, have been forcing patients from such regions to look for alternative and cost-effective destinations to get their treatments done. The Indian medical tourism industry is presently at a nascent stage, but has enormous potential for future growth and development.  As a significant component of the colossal medical tourism,   Dental Tourism is emerging in the Third World countries, especially in India.  Dental tourists are mainly generated from developed countries such as USA and European countries as theya re looking for developing countries to get their dental treatment coupled with participating in tourism activities.  The lower cost of treatment and availability are the most significant reasons for choosing developing countries as dental tourism destinations.  Dental tourism forms 10 percent of the total Indian medical tourism which is projected to grow at 30 percent to Rs 9,500 crore by 2015.  India produces over 18,000 dentists annually from 238 dental colleges.  The country has around 1,500 oral and maxillofacial surgeons.  A few studies were carried out on various problems faced by the dental tourism industry in India.  The dental  tourist’s perception towards Indian dental tourism industry and their satisfaction level after getting treatment are a few concerns.  This research paper is prepared based on primary and secondary data collected from various sources.  The primary data have been collected from dentists, staff and dental tourists from two famous internationally recognised dental hospitals located in Bangalore, Karnataka.
Strategic Planning and Marketing of Rural Tourism in Western Odisha
Authors: Samanta Sahoo Shwetasaibal , Kumar Lenka Sarat
Published: August 2021

Rural Tourism is an increasingly important activity for the country’s economy.  It is being used as  a development strategy to improve the social and economic well being of the people in rural areas.  Rural tourism includes an enormous range of activities, natural and manmade attractions, amenities and facilities, transportation, marketing and information systems. Rural tourism is very diverse and fragmented in terms of operational structures, activities, markets and operating environments.  Benefits of rural tourism have been expressed as employment growth and broadening a region’s economic base, reproduction, social improvement and revitalization of local craft.  In the contemporary world, an increasing number of enterprises, including rural tourism, businesses employ marketing methods and knowledge in their activities.  Rural tourism has an exclusive link with nature.  For this reason its services became very popular.  Its development can be furthered by the right marketing system.  In the article, the author highlights the strategic measures for rural tourism development in Western Odisha.
Halit Recep Arman’ın yaşamı ve Türk askerî müziğine katkıları
Authors: Akman Fatih
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, bestelediği 85 marş, 32 orkestra eseri ve aralarında halk müziği, sanat müziği, hafif müzik ve yabancı marşların da bulunduğu 80 orkestra düzenlemesinin yanı sıra yazmış olduğu kitap ve çalgı metotlarıyla Türk müzik tarihinin bir dönemine damgasını vuran Deniz Bando Yarbay Halit Recep Arman’ın yaşamı ve Türk askerî müziğine katkıları incelenmiştir. Askerlik yaşamı boyunca Deniz Kuvvetleri, Kara Kuvvetleri ve Hava Kuvvetleri bünyesinde bulunan çeşitli bandolarda şef ve öğretmen olarak görev yapan Arman, yurt içinde ve yurt dışında çeşitli müzik kurumlarının oluşturulması sürecinde önemli roller üstlenmiştir. 1933-1937 ve 1938-1942 yılları arasında iki kez gittiği Afganistan’da ilk çoksesli batı müziği teşkilatını ve bando okulunu kuran Arman, ülkemizin köklü müzik eğitim kurumlarından biri olan Bahriye mızıkasının beşinci kez açılması sağlamıştır. Türk marş repertuvarının büyük bir bölümünü oluşturan bestecinin eserleri armoni, ezgi, karşı ezgi, bas yürüyüşü, bas ezgisi, form, orkestrasyon ve dinamik müzik diliyle hem nicelik hem de nitelik bakımından günümüz Türk marşlarının karakteristik özelliklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Besteci, 1917 yılından itibaren bandolar için bestelediği operet, fantezi ve uvertür gibi büyük formlu yapıtlarıyla yalnızca ülkemizde değil aynı zamanda tüm dünyada bando repertuvarının gelişimine katkı sağlamıştır. Arman’ın yaşamına ilişkin birincil kaynakların ilk kez yayınlandığı bu çalışma bu yönüyle de bir ilk olma özelliği taşımaktadır.
First Record of Cardiocondyla obscurior Wheeler, 1929 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) for Pakistan
Authors: Majeed Waqar , Koch Elmo Borges A. , Rana Naureen , Naseem Rimsha
Published: August 2021

Ants of the genus Cardiocondyla are considered omnivorous in nature. This genus is native to Afrotropical, Australasia, Indomalaya, Malagasy, Oceania, and Palearctic regions. A total of 72 valid species and 2 valid subspecies has been described worldwide. However, little is known about these ants in Pakistan. As a result of a survey of different sites in the Gatwala park of district Faisalabad during 2018, we collected individuals of the genus Cardiocondyla. Collected specimens were identified using the most recent and available literature. Prior to current work, only two species of this genus were reported for Pakistan. In this study we added the first record of Cardiocondyla obscurior for Pakistan, followed by a brief description, distribution, and identification key.
Characterizing the Mitogenome of the Endemic Bumblebee Subspecies from the Canary Islands for Conservation Purposes
Authors: Ruiz Carlos , Cejas Diego , Muñoz Irene , De la Rua Pilar
Published: August 2021

The taxonomic status of Bombus terrestris subspecies is complex and has deep implications in the management of commercial bumblebees for crop pollination as well as in the establishment of appropriate conservation plans. Herein, the complete mitogenome of the endemic Canary Islands subspecies Bombus terrestris canariensis is newly sequenced and compared with available mitochondrial sequences in order to shed light into its taxonomic status. The mitochondrial genome was 17,300 bp in length and contained 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs and a partial sequence of the AT rich control region. The phylogenetic analysis of PCGs of the mitogenome was congruent with its subspecific status and a close relationship with the North African subspecies africanus as previously suggested. The sequencing of the mitogenome of B. t. canariensis provides useful genetic information to study the conservation genetics and genetic diversity of these island bumblebee populations.
Determination of Nectar Resources through Body Surface Pollen Analysis: A Study with the Stingless Bee Tetragonula iridipennis Smith (Apidae: Meliponini) in West Bengal, India
Authors: Bisui Sourabh , Layek Ujjwal , Karmakar Prakash
Published: August 2021

Knowledge about floral resources is essential for bee management and conservation. Pollen analysis of honey is the most traditional method for determining the nectar resources of a bee species. However, the collection of honey samples is difficult in cavity-nesting natural stingless bee colonies. Furthermore, it is detrimental to the wild bee’s colony and may threaten their survivability. We analyzed adhered body surface pollen of incoming nectar foragers (which were smeared incidentally during nectar foraging) as an alternative method to determine nectariferous flora of Tetragonula iridipennis in West Bengal, India. By this method, we have identified 75 pollen types. The number of obtained pollen types was lower in the human-altered habitats of Midnapore city (44 pollen types) than the semi-natural habitats of Garhbeta (71 pollen types). Excluding a few pollen types of non-nectariferous plants, most of the pollen types came from nectariferous plants of both crop and non-crop species. Non-crop flowering plants (viz. Ailanthus excelsa, Borassus flabellifer, Eucalyptus tereticornis, Lannea coromandelica, Peltophorum pterocarpum, and Tectona grandis) provided a significant amount of nectar to the bee species and, therefore, play an important role in the conservation of the bee species.
Re-focusing on the local: News start-ups, community engagement and social capital
Authors: Bowd Kathryn
Published: August 2021

The arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 had an immediate and far-reaching impact on newspaper publishing in regional Australia. Scores of publications around the country ceased printing temporarily or permanently, creating ‘news deserts’ in some towns and regions, and significantly reducing access to local news in others. In response to this, local news start-ups began emerging in towns and regions across the country. Business models, publication frequency and other characteristics vary widely, but one characteristic that is widely shared is an emphasis on community engagement and local interests. This extends beyond the provision of local news to narratives highlighting multi-layered engagement with and support for communities. By engaging with communities as more than providers of news, these outlets may also be positioning themselves to support local social capital. This article explores key themes and ideas in the community-focused narratives of a purposive sample of start-up local news outlets to consider how their strategies of community connection and interaction may also contribute to social capital.
Comparing Gender and Media Equality across the Globe: A Cross-National Study of the Qualities, Causes and Consequences of Gender Equality in and through the News Media, Monika Djerf-Pierre and Maria Edstrom (eds) (2020)
Authors: Shine Kathryn
Published: August 2021

Review of: Comparing Gender and Media Equality across the Globe: A Cross-National Study of the Qualities, Causes and Consequences of Gender Equality in and through the News Media, Monika Djerf-Pierre and Maria Edstrom (eds) (2020)

Göteburg: Nordicom, 338 pp.,

ISBN 978-91-88855-33-6, p/bk, €28.00

ISBN 978-91-88855-32-9, PDF, €28.00

Available as Open Access at http://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1502571/FULLTEXT02.pdf.
Beyond Journalism, Mark Deuze and Tamara Witschge (2020)
Authors: Josephi Beate
Published: August 2021

Review of: Beyond Journalism, Mark Deuze and Tamara Witschge (2020)

Cambridge: Polity Press, 148 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-74564-342-7, p/bk, $30.25

ISBN 978-0-74564-341-0, h/bk, $57.00

ISBN 978-0-74564-341-8, ebk, $26.99
Missing: A Musical Dramedy: Engaging with the missing through the perpetually present
Authors: Speer Annika C. , Arespacochaga Chari
Published: August 2021

Missing uses a historical reimagining of the murder of JonBenét Ramsey as a launchpad to examine what it is like for a woman of colour to be inundated in a sexist and racist media and cultural spin-cycle. The script tells the story of a young Black girl, Nancy, coming of age and absorbing these cultural messages. In Act 1, Nancy, a child beauty pageant contestant, learns about the death of her friend, JonBenét. Nancy is simultaneously drawn in, obsessed and repulsed by the media storm that follows. In Act 2, indelibly shaped by this childhood event and inspired by her role model Diane Sawyer (pageant winner turned news anchor), Nancy has grown up to be a reporter. She now finds herself peddling similarly problematic stories for ratings and clickbait. Nancy struggles increasingly with both the erasure of identities like her own and the salacious eagerness through which the media (now her job) capitalizes on violence against women in general. The title Missing stems from ‘missing white woman syndrome’ a phrase coined by PBS journalist Gwen Ifill and subsequently adopted by social scientists to refer to the immensely uneven media coverage favouring victims who are upper/middle-class white girls/women in contrast to the coverage and framing of victims of colour. A key goal of the play is to underscore and then question the dominant media representations of women whose stories garner mainstream attention. Whose stories get told? How are they framed? Who, in turn, are marginalized and ignored? How can artists engage representational inequity without inadvertently piling more attention on the already visible? Musicals can and should tackle questions of systemic inequity and inclusion; doing so requires more than positioning protagonists of colour in a theatrical world that fails to acknowledge the systemic realities of our actual one. Missing, a collaborative project in process, tackles these questions.
The utopic vision of OSF’s Oklahoma!: Recuperative casting practices and queering early American history1
Authors: Mantoan Lindsey
Published: August 2021

In the spring of 2018, the Oregon Shakespeare Festival (OSF) realized artistic director Bill Rauch’s decades-long dream: to produce a queer, interracial Oklahoma!. The production participates in a new practice of recasting history through musical theatre, and does so through an innovative approach to representation and character. OSF’s production reimagined Curly as a queer Black woman; the matriarch of the town, Aunt Eller, as a trans woman; and the secondary romantic couple, Will Parker and Ado Annie (here Ado Andy), as an interracial, gay male partnership. This alteration of the characters’ identities takes a bold new step in the trajectory of theatrical casting practices, challenging the entrenched white supremacy and patriarchy of the theatre industry. In this article, I situate OSF’s method of casting Oklahoma!, which I call ‘recuperative casting’, in the landscape of broader discourse related to casting and musicals that represent US history; I argue that this casting strategy seeks to remedy the whitewashing typical of productions of canonical musicals.
Children, Childhood, and Musical Theater, Donelle Ruwe and James Leve (eds) (2020)
Authors: Lindberg Julianne
Published: August 2021

Review of: Children, Childhood, and Musical Theater, Donelle Ruwe and James Leve (eds) (2020)

New York: Routledge, 264 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47247-533-6, h/bk, $128.00
Black Is King, Beyoncé Knowles-Carter, Kwasi Fordjour, Emmanuel Adjei, Blitz Bazawule, Ibra Ake, Jenn Nkiru, Jake Nava, Pierre Debusschere and Dkayl Rimmasch (dirs) (2020)
Authors: Ealey Jordan
Published: August 2021

Review of: Black Is King, Beyoncé Knowles-Carter, Kwasi Fordjour, Emmanuel Adjei, Blitz Bazawule, Ibra Ake, Jenn Nkiru, Jake Nava, Pierre Debusschere and Dkayl Rimmasch (dirs) (2020)

USA: Disney+
Indonesia Emas Berkelanjutan 2045: Kumpulan Pemikiran Pelajar Indonesia Sedunia Seri 5 Pendidikan
Authors: Ramdani Junjun Muhamad ,   University of New South Wales, Maftukhah Nur Laili ,   Al Azhar University, Fadlilah Siti ,   Kao Yuan University, Natsir Sunarto ,   Anadolu University, Rangkuti Muhammad Aswin ,   University of Copenhagen, Limanta Kevin Mandira ,   University of New South Wales, Qisti Rania Chairunnisa ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Matualesy Sary ,   University of South Wales, Utami Diah Febri ,   Vienna University, Musyafak Nur ,   Central China Normal University, Mediana Anita ,   University of Glasgow, Darmawansah Darmawansah ,   Institute of Digital Learning and Education, Taiwan Tech, Ariani Aulia ,   University of Glasgow, Astuti Amelya Dwi ,   University of Glasgow, Rizkulloh Naufal ,   Mangalore University, Syaukah Fatimah Azzahra ,   King Abdulaziz University, Pratama M. Rinaldy Usni ,   Philadelphia University, Alim Sahirul ,   International University of Africa, Anugrah Muhammad Altalarik ,   Management and Science University, Alfarisy Nizam ,   International University of Africa
Published: August 2021

Seri Pendidikan mendukung poin ke-4 SDGs, yakni “memastikan kualitas pendidikan yang inklusif dan merata, serta mendukung kesempatan belajar sepanjang hayat bagi semua”. Bunga rampai ini terbagi menjadi empat subtema, yaitu pendidikan menengah dan dasar, pendidikan literasi dan numerasi, pendidikan vokasi/kejuruan, dan pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) dan inklusif. Keempat subtema tersebut merupakan bagian dari bidang pendidikan yang penting untuk diperhatikan dalam penyusunan dan perumusan arah kebijakan di masa mendatang untuk tercapainya tujuan Indonesia Emas 2045. Buku ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bacaan yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya para pemangku kepentingan di bidang pendidikan dan para pengajar di semua jenjang pendidikan. Temukan beragam sudut pandang terkait upaya peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia dari para penulis yang merupakan aktor pendidikan yang berperan sebagai para pelajar Indonesia di luar negeri
Drug Story Theater: A Mixed-Methods Study of a Peer-to-Peer Approach to Substance Abuse Education
Authors: shrand joseph , digiovanni madeline , lee dana , kishnore anita , martin andres
Published: August 2021

Objective: Drug Story Theater (DST) is a peer-to-peer intervention that engages teenagers in the early stages of their recovery to develop shows about the seduction of, addiction to, and recovery from drugs and alcohol. Methods: We analyzed anonymous surveys completed by students before and after attending a DST performance, and transcripts of focus group interviews conducted with (1) program developers, (2) stakeholders, (3) performers, and (4) audience members. Results: Students (N = 871) from 5 schools attended one of 2 DST performances. Participants demonstrated increased knowledge on 5 fact-based questions (mean improvement range, 19%- 35%; p < .001 for all), and favorable changes on 10 items addressing perceptions regarding substance use risk (paired t test range, 3.9-9.4; p < .001 for all). Through iterative thematic analysis we developed an alliterative “7P” model spanning 2 domains: (1) Participants (Performers and Peers); and (2) Program (Partnerships, Practicalities, and Prevention). Conclusions: Exposure to a DST performance improved knowledge and risk perceptions about addiction among middle and high school students. It remains to be seen if those changes can have an effect on the prevention of substance use and dependence among vulnerable youth, and whether the active components of DST can be replicated in other school environments.
Desalination of Agricultural Wastewater by Solar Adsorption System: A Numerical Study
Authors: AlRubaiea Jehan F , Latteiff Farkad A , Mahdi Jasim M , Atiya Mohammed A , Majdi Hasan Sh
Published: August 2021

There are still areas around the world suffer from severe shortage of freshwater supplies. Desalination technologies are not widely used due to their high energy usage, cost, and environmental damaging effects. In this study, a mathematical model of single-bed adsorption desalination system using silica gel-water as working pair is developed and validated via earlier experiments. A very good match between the model predictions and the experimental results is recorded. The objective is to reveal the factors affecting the productivity of fresh water and cooling effect in the solar adsorption system. The proposed model is setup for solving within the commercially-available software (Engineering Equation Solver). It is implemented to solve the mass and heat balance equations for the adsorbent bed, condenser, and evaporator components. At a typical temperature of 89 °C and flow rate of 30 m3/sec for the hot water entering the bed, the following results are reported: (a) the specific daily water production of 1.89 m3 /ton of silica gel/ day, (b) coefficient of performance of 0.32, and (c) specific cooling power of 40.82 W/kg of silica gel. The concentration of salt (X) in the product (desalinated water) has been set with value of 0.5 gm/kg to be suitable for drinking and irrigation. The salt concentration in the evaporator is estimated to be 4.611 gm/kg during the overall adsorption process. The results from this study should be of wide interest for the field of solar water desalination and air-conditioning.
The Uses of Light: Visuality, Metaphor and Rhetorical Strategy in the Daśabhūmikasūtra
Authors: Newton Nic
Published: August 2021

The Daśabhūmikasūtra has a number of distinctly visual components. However, how, and to what ends, imagery functions in this text is less clear. Taking a single narrative episode at the beginning of the text as its main focus this paper offers an examination of the pivotal metaphor of the peaked dwelling of networks of dense clouds of great light rays (mahāraśmighanābhrajālakūṭāgāra). In attempting to show the importance of visuality to the rhetoric of the text the following approach is offered: exploration of the conceptual domains of the elements of the composition to provide approximated access to cultural context; visual reconstruction of the narrative sequence; analysis of the visual articulation of meaning and interpretation of the strategic use of visual rhetoric.
Tiantai Buddhist Elaborations on the Hidden and Visible
Authors: Kantor Hans-Rudolf
Published: August 2021

A crucial feature of Tiantai (天台) Buddhist thought certainly is its elaboration on the hidden and visible, called “root and traces” (ben ji 本跡), as the concept of non-duality (bu er 不二) of these opposites is part of what constitutes the highest level of Buddhist doctrine in Tiantai doxography, called “round/ perfect teaching” (yuanjiao 圓教). Such elaboration is inextricably bound up with paradoxical discourse, which functions as a linguistic strategy in Tiantai practice of liberating the mind from its self-induced deceptions.

Observation of paradoxes in the elaboration on the hidden and visible could be called practice qua doctrinal exegesis, because Tiantai masters try to integrate self-referential observation in mind-contemplation (guanxin 觀心) with interpretation of sūtra and śāstra. For Tiantai Buddhists, the ultimate meaning of the Buddhadharma (fofa 佛法) itself is independent from speech and script and only accessible to the liberated mind, yet it cannot fully be comprehended and displayed apart from the transmission of the canonical word. To observe the paradox in non-duality of the hidden and visible is what triggers practice qua doctrinal exegesis and entails liberation (jietuo 解脫) according to the “round/ perfect teaching.”

The article traces the formation of paradoxical discourse in Chinese Madhyamaka, particularly referencing the Tiantai elaboration on the hidden and visible and its diverse sources of inspiration, which includes both Chinese indigenous traditions of thought (Daoism and Xuanxue) and translated sūtra and śāstra literature from India.
Anti-phosphatidyl-serine/prothrombin antibodies (aPS/PT) in isolated lupus anticoagulant (LA): is their presence linked to dual test positivity?
Authors: Tonello Marta , Bison Elisa , Cattini Maria Grazia , Pontara Elena , Iaccarino Luca , Denas Gentian , Cheng Chunyan , Pengo Vittorio
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Anti phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies (aPS/PT) are often present in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and might be relevant in the pathogenesis of this condition. They are major determinant of lupus anticoagulant (LA) in triple-positive antiphospholipid (aPL) profile. Whether they are present and pathogenic in patients with isolated LA [negative anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti β2-glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) antibodies] is a matter of debate.

Methods

We measured aPS/PT in a large number of isolated LA with the aim to ascertain whether there is a link between the way isolated LA is assessed and the presence of these antibodies. APS/PT were measured in 86 patients with isolated LA (aCL- and abeta2GPI-). LA was assessed by two test systems, the dilute Russell Viper Venom Time (dRVVT) and the Silica Clotting Time (SCT).

Results

Sixty-six (77%) individuals with isolated LA were positive for aPS/PT (IgM 44, IgG and IgM 15, IgG in 7). Diagnosis of LA was made based on positive results in both dRVVT and SCT in 40 patients (Group 1) and based on only one positive test in the remaining 46 patients (Group 2). The rate of positive aPS/PT antibodies was significantly higher in Group 1 (OR=7.2, 95% CI 1.9–27.0, p<0.002). Moreover, the titre of IgM aPS/PT was significantly increased in Group 1 as compared to Group 2 (137 U, IQR 64–179 vs. 43 U, IQR 11–120, p=0.008).

Conclusions

These data indicate an association between LA based on two positive coagulation tests and the presence of aPS/PT antibodies, especially of IgM isotype.
Bounding non-rationality of divisors on 3-fold Fano fibrations
Authors: Birkar Caucher , Loginov Konstantin
Published: August 2021

In this paper we investigate non-rationality of divisors on 3-fold log Fano fibrations

(
X
,
B
)

→
Z

{(X,B)\to Z}

under mild conditions. We show that if D is a component of B with coefficient

≥
t
>
0

{\geq t>0}

which is contracted to a point on Z, then D is birational to

ℙ
1

×
C

{\mathbb{P}^{1}\times C}

, where C is a smooth projective curve with gonality bounded depending only on t. Moreover, if

t
>

1
2

{t>\frac{1}{2}}

, then genus of C is bounded depending only on t.
A p-adic variant of Kontsevich–Zagier integral operation rules and of Hrushovski–Kazhdan style motivic integration
Authors: Cluckers Raf , Halupczok Immanuel
Published: August 2021

We prove that if two semi-algebraic subsets of

ℚ
p
n

{\mathbb{Q}_{p}^{n}}

have the same p-adic measure, then this equality can already be deduced using only some basic integral transformation rules. On the one hand, this can be considered as
a positive answer to a p-adic analogue of a question asked by Kontsevich–Zagier in the reals (though the question in the reals is much harder). On the other hand, our result can also be considered as stating that over

ℚ
p

{\mathbb{Q}_{p}}

, universal motivic integration (in the sense of Hrushovski–Kazhdan) coincides with the usual p-adic integration.
How patients describe their diagnosis compared to clinical documentation
Authors: Gleason Kelly , Dahm Maria R.
Published: August 2021

Objectives

To explore how patients describe their diagnoses following Emergency Department (ED) discharge, and how this compares to electronic medical record (EMR) documentation.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study of patients discharged from three EDs. Patients completed questionnaires regarding their understanding of their diagnosis. Inclusion criteria: adult ED patients aged 18 and older seen within the last seven days. We independently compared patient-reported new diagnoses following discharge to EMR-documented diagnoses regarding diagnostic content (identical, insignificantly different, different, not enough detail) and the level of technical language in diagnostic description (technical, semi-technical, lay).

Results

The majority of participants (n=95 out of 137) reported receiving a diagnosis and stated the given diagnosis. Of those who reported their diagnosis, 66%, were females (n=62), the average age was 43 (SD 16), and a fourth (n=24) were Black and 66% (n=63) were white. The majority (84%) described either the same or an insignificantly different diagnosis. For 11% the patient-reported diagnosis differed from the one documented. More than half reported their diagnosis using semi-technical (34%) or technical language (26%), and over a third (40%) described their diagnosis in lay language.

Conclusions

Patient-reported diagnoses following ED discharge had moderate agreement with EMR-documented diagnoses. Findings suggest that patients might reproduce verbatim semi-technical or technical diagnoses they received from clinicians, but not fully understood what the diagnosis means for them.
Fibrillar biopolymer-based scaffolds to study macrophage-fibroblast crosstalk in wound repair
Authors: Ullm Franziska , Pompe Tilo
Published: August 2021

Controlled wound healing requires a temporal and spatial coordination of cellular activities within the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Disruption of cell–cell and cell–matrix communication results in defective repair, like chronic or fibrotic wounds. Activities of macrophages and fibroblasts crucially contribute to the fate of closing wounds. To investigate the influence of the ECM as an active part controlling cellular behavior, coculture models based on fibrillar 3D biopolymers such as collagen have already been successfully used. With well-defined biochemical and biophysical properties such 3D scaffolds enable in vitro studies on cellular processes including infiltration and differentiation in an in vivo like microenvironment. Further, paracrine and autocrine signaling as well as modulation of soluble mediator transport inside the ECM can be modeled using fibrillar 3D scaffolds. Herein, we review the usage of these scaffolds in in vitro coculture models allowing in-depth studies on the crosstalk between macrophages and fibroblasts during different stages of cutaneous wound healing. A more accurate mimicry of the various processes of cellular crosstalk at the different stages of wound healing will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of biochemical and biophysical environmental parameters and help to develop further strategies against diseases such as fibrosis.
Migranten als Inbegriff intersektionaler Subjekte – Analyse von Diskriminierungserfahrungen der in Deutschland lebenden ChinesInnen
Authors: Zhao Jing , Li Yuan
Published: August 2021

ChinesInnen in Deutschland sehen im Alltag nicht selten verschiedenen Diskriminierungssituationen gegenüber. Jedoch ist ein Mangel diesbezüglicher wissenschaftlicher Studien festzustellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit subjektiv empfundener Diskriminierung von chinesischen MigrantInnen in Deutschland. Basierend auf der Multi-sited Ethnography werden die Diskriminierungserfahrungen der MigrantInnen aus ihrer eigenen Perspektive mithilfe des Begriffes der Intersektionalität rekonstruiert und untersucht. Um die Komplexität der Diskriminierungserfahrungen zu erfassen, werden folgende Fragen gestellt: Wie erleben ChinesInnen in Deutschland in ihrem Alltag Diskriminierung und wie gehen sie damit um? Wie lassen sich ferner die Ergebnisse für die Realität von chinesischen MigrantInnen und die zukünftige Migrationsforschung deuten?

Auf der Basis der empirischen Feldforschung werden die Lebensbereiche, die Wahrnehmung und die Formen intersektionaler Diskriminierung vorgestellt und die Reaktionsmuster chinesischer MigrantInnen herausgearbeitet. Intersektionalität ist auf drei Ebenen als Sensibilisierungsstrategie zu betrachten: Sie hilft auf der einen Seite der Mehrheitsgesellschaft, Sensibilität und Sympathie für die gesellschaftliche Minderheit zu schaffen, schützt auf der anderen Seite vor potenzieller Binnendiskriminierung der Betroffenen und trägt zu der Migrationsforschung bei, komplexe Lebensverhältnisse des Alltags bestmöglich zu reflektieren.
Quantifying the extent of visit irregularity in longitudinal data
Authors: Lokku Armend , Birken Catherine S , Maguire Jonathon L , Pullenayegum Eleanor M
Published: August 2021

The timings of visits in observational longitudinal data may depend on the study outcome, and this can result in bias if ignored. Assessing the extent of visit irregularity is important because it can help determine whether visits can be treated as repeated measures or as irregular data. We propose plotting the mean proportions of individuals with 0 visits per bin against the mean proportions of individuals with >1 visit per bin as bin width is varied and using the area under the curve (AUC) to assess the extent of irregularity. The AUC is a single score which can be used to quantify the extent of irregularity and assess how closely visits resemble repeated measures. Simulation results confirm that the AUC increases with increasing irregularity while being invariant to sample size and the number of scheduled measurement occasions. A demonstration of the AUC was performed on the TARGet Kids! study which enrolls healthy children aged 0–5 years with the aim of investigating the relationship between early life exposures and later health problems. The quality of statistical analyses can be improved by using the AUC as a guide to select the appropriate analytic outcome approach and minimize the potential for biased results.
Optimization and statistical analysis of sono-Fenton treated wastewater of food industry using reactor by response surface method
Authors: Juwar Vijay A. , Rathod Ajit P.
Published: August 2021

The present study deals with the treatment of complex waste (WW) treated for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the food industry by a sono-Fenton process using a batch reactor. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the five independent variables, such as reaction time, the molar ratio of H2O2/Fe2+, volume ratio of H2O2/WW, pH of waste, and ultrasonic density on COD removal. The experimental data was optimized. The optimization yields the conditions: Reaction time of 24 min, HP:Fe molar ratio of 2.8, HP:WW volume ratio of 1.9 ml/L, pH of 3.6 and an ultrasonic density of 1.8 W/L. The predicted value of COD was 91% and the experimental result was 90%. The composite desirability value (D) of the predicted percent of COD removal at the optimized level of variables was close to one (D = 0.991).
A second-order nonlocal regularized variational model for multiframe image super-resolution
Authors: Laghrib Amine , Aitbella Fatimzehrae , Hakim Abdelilah
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we propose a new nonlocal super-resolution (SR) model which is a combination of the nonlocal total variation (TV) regularization and the nonlocal p-Laplacian term (with p = 2). This choice is motivated by the success of the nonlocal TV term in preserving image edges and the efficiency of the nonlocal p-Laplacian term in preserving the image texture. To ensure the convergence of the proposed optimization SR problem, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution in a well-posed framework. In addition, to resolve the encountered minimization problem, we proposed a modified primal-dual algorithm and numerical results are also given to show the performance of the proposed approach.