bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Holomorphism and Edge Labeling: An Inner Study of Latin Squares Associated with Antiautomorphic Inverse Property Moufang Quasigroups with Applications
Authors: Hazzazi Mohammad Mazyad , Nadeem Muhammad , Kamran Muhammad , Naci Cangul Ismail , Akhter J.
Published: September 2024

Taking into account the most recent improvements in graph theory and algebra, we can associate graphs of some mathematical structures with certifiable, widely known applications. This paper seeks to explore the connections established through edge labeling among Latin squares derived from Moufang quasigroups, which are constructed using additive abelian and multiplicative groups, along with their substructures and complete bipartite graphs. The algebraic characteristics of quasigroups exhibiting the antiautomorphic inverse property have been extensively examined in this study. These characteristics encompass identities associated with fixed element maps. To analyze the behavior of these groups under holomorphism, we utilize similar conditions.
Cavitation‐Induced Shear Failure Mechanism of Fractured Plugging Zone and Structure Strengthening Method for Lost Circulation Control in High‐Temperature and High‐Pressure Fractured Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Su Xiaoming , Wang Xiaodong , Yuan Yuan , Ren Yun , Gaoming Wang
Published: September 2024

The stability of the plugging zone has a great impact on lost circulation control and gas invasion prevention in fractured reservoirs. In this work, the concept of “cavitation‐induced shear failure” is put forward based on the analysis of the flow field characteristics, and the failure mechanism is discussed. The strength physical model of a fractured plugging zone is formed based on the analysis of the characteristic parameters of LCMs and the failure mechanism. And then the simulation experiments of cavitation‐induced shear failure, gas invasion prevention, pressure bearing, and tight plugging are carried out. The research shows that (1) the fractured plugging zone is a dense granular matter system, and the contact forces and quid bridge force are dominant in its internal; (2) the cavitation‐induced shear failure is one of the main failure modes of the plugging zone in a fractured gas reservoir, and the failure process includes three steps: gas diffusion‐dilution damage, confluence and carry damage, and displacement dislocation shear failure; (3) the strengthening model of the plugging zone, “rigid bridging+elastoplastic filling+lacing wire of fiber+film‐forming seal,” is a better model, and experiments prove that it can form a tight pressure‐bearing plugging zone, preventing drill‐in fluid loss. The research results provide a theoretical and technical basis for the lost circulation control of fractured gas formations.
Data from Differential Distribution of the DNA-PKcs Inhibitor Peposertib Selectively Radiosensitizes Patient-derived Melanoma Brain Metastasis Xenografts
Authors: Ji Jianxiong , Dragojevic Sonja , Callaghan Cameron M. , Smith Emily J. , Talele Surabhi , Zhang Wenjuan , Connors Margaret A. , Mladek Ann C. , Hu Zeng , Bakken Katrina K. , Sarkaria Paige P. , Carlson Brett L. , Burgenske Danielle M. , Decker Paul A. , Rashid Mohammad Abdur , Jang Mi-hyeon , Gupta Shiv K. , Eckel-Passow Jeanette E. , Elmquist William F. , Sarkaria Jann N.
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Radioresistance of melanoma brain metastases limits the clinical utility of conventionally fractionated brain radiation in this disease, and strategies to improve radiation response could have significant clinical impact. The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) is critical for repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, and inhibitors of this kinase can have potent effects on radiation sensitivity. In this study, the radiosensitizing effects of the DNA-PKcs inhibitor peposertib were evaluated in patient-derived xenografts of melanoma brain metastases (M12, M15, M27). In clonogenic survival assays, peposertib augmented radiation-induced killing of M12 cells at concentrations ≥100 nmol/L, and a minimum of 16 hours exposure allowed maximal sensitization. This information was integrated with pharmacokinetic modeling to define an optimal dosing regimen for peposertib of 125 mpk dosed just prior to and 7 hours after irradiation. Using this drug dosing regimen in combination with 2.5 Gy × 5 fractions of radiation, significant prolongation in median survival was observed in M12-eGFP (104%; P = 0.0015) and M15 (50%; P = 0.03), while more limited effects were seen in M27 (16%, P = 0.04). These data support the concept of developing peposertib as a radiosensitizer for brain metastases and provide a paradigm for integrating in vitro and pharmacokinetic data to define an optimal radiosensitizing regimen for potent DNA repair inhibitors.
Table S7 from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Table S7 shows Serious Adverse Events (N = 11 patients), by Type and Grade. Attributions Assigned Docetaxel versus HDIVC or Placebo
Data from High-Dose Intravenous Vitamin C Combined with Docetaxel in Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Paller Channing J. , Zahurak Marianna L. , Mandl Adel , Metri Nicole A. , Lalji Aliya , Heath Elisabeth , Kelly William K. , Hoimes Christopher , Barata Pedro , Taksey Jason , Garrison Dominique A. , Patra Kartick , Milne Ginger L. , Anders Nicole M. , Nauroth Julie M. , Durham Jennifer N. , Marshall Catherine H. , Markowski Mark C. , Eisenberger Mario A. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Carducci Michael A. , Denmeade Samuel R. , Levine Mark
Published: September 2024

Abstract
High-dose intravenous vitamin C (HDIVC) administered to produce pharmacologic concentrations shows promise in preclinical models and small clinical trials, but larger prospective randomized trials are lacking. We evaluated the clinical benefit of combining HDIVC with docetaxel in patients with progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial, 47 patients were randomized 2:1 to receive docetaxel (75 mg/m2 i.v.) with either HDIVC (1 g/kg) or placebo. Coprimary endpoints were PSA50 response and adverse event rates. Secondary endpoints included overall survival, radiographic progression-free survival, and quality of life measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate instrument. Correlative analyses included pharmacokinetics and oxidative stress markers. Eighty-nine percent of patients previously had three or more lines of therapy. The PSA50 response rate was 41% in the HDIVC group and 33% in the placebo group (P = 0.44), with comparable adverse event rates in both groups. There were no significant differences in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate scores. The median radiographic progression-free survival was not significantly different between the HDIVC and placebo groups, with durations of 10.1 and 10.0 months (HR, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–2.75; P = 0.40), respectively. The median overall survival was 15.2 months in the HDIVC group and 29.5 months in the placebo group (HR, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.85–4.58; P = 0.11). HDIVC did not decrease F2-isoprostanes, indicators of oxidative stress. The study was suspended after prespecified interim analysis indicated futility in achieving primary endpoints. In this patient population, combining HDIVC with docetaxel did not improve PSA response, toxicity, or other clinical outcomes compared with docetaxel alone. Findings do not support the routine use of HDIVC in mCRPC treatment outside of clinical trials.
Significance:
This is the first randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate HDIVC in cancer treatment. The addition of HDIVC to docetaxel in patients with mCRPC does not improve PSA response, toxicity, or other clinical outcomes compared with docetaxel alone. The routine use of HDIVC in mCRPC treatment is not supported outside of clinical trials.
Acupuncture in Treating Osteopenia: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Chen Yidan , Qiu Huaping , Xuan Lihua , Jin Yabei , Chen Ruixiang , Teng Shitian , Jin Xiaoqing
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of acupuncture as an early intervention in the treatment of osteoporosis and prevention of osteoporosis. Methods: This multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted in 226 patients with osteoporosis for 6 months. Participants were randomized to the control group (n = 110) and the acupuncture group (n = 116), both groups received basic treatment with daily calcium carbonate and vitamin D3 tablet (containing calcium 600 mg/tablet) supplementation (n = 116), and the acupuncture group received additional acupuncture treatment. Bone mineral density (BMD), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), bone metabolism indexes, and lower limb muscle strength and balance indexes were tested to evaluate the therapy outcomes of the two groups. Results: After 6 months of treatment, BBS11 (p = 0.046), BBS12 (p = 0.042), and total BBS scores (p = 0) in the acupuncture group were significantly higher than those before treatment; comparing between groups, BBS8 in the acupuncture group was higher than that in the control group after 3 and 6 months, with statistically significant differences (p = 0.036 and 0.0270). After 6 months of treatment, the total BBS score of the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.039). After 6 months of treatment, the BMD of total bone of femoral neck (p = 0.031) and hip joint (p = 0.013) in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that before treatment, but there was no statistical difference with the control group. The time of five sit-to-stand test (FTSST) was shortened in the acupuncture group, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.023), but there was no significant change in the control group (p > 0.05). In addition, the specific sequences of blood phosphorus (p = 0.007), β-collagen (p = 0.009), and N-osteocalcin (p = 0.007) were significantly lower than before treatment after 3 months of acupuncture treatment, and the blood phosphorus level continued to decrease after 6 months of treatment (p = 0.007). In addition, the levels of N-osteocalcin in the acupuncture group were significantly lower than those in the control group after 3 months of treatment (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Acupuncture can increase hip bone density, improve bone metabolism, reduce bone turnover rate, and improve body balance and lower limb muscle strength in patients with osteoporosis.
New records of termite species (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae, Termitidae) from southern India
Authors: A.V. Anushya  , Swaran P.R.
Published: September 2024

There are 133 species of termites so far recorded from southern India and 73 from Kerala. The present study from different habitats in northern Kerala recorded two species new to southern India and one species new to Kerala, taking the total number to 135 for southern India and 76 for Kerala. The newly reported species are Heterotermes balwanti Mathur & Chhotani, 1969, Odontotermes profeae Akhtar, 1975, and Microcerotermes annandalei Silvestri, 1923. O. profeae is a new record to the termite fauna of Western Ghats. O. profeae and M. annandalei are reported for the first time from southern India. O. profeae and M. annandalei belong to type II feeding group while H. balwanti confines to type I feeding group.
A study on the association between Tridax Daisy Tridax procumbens L. and butterflies at Shivaji University Campus, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Patil Aarati Nivasrao , Sunil Madhukar Gaikwad
Published: September 2024

The objective of the present study was to study butterfly-Tridax procumbens interaction and test whether there is any correlation between lengths of corolla tube of the flowers and butterfly proboscis. Most butterflies visit flowers to obtain nectar. A common weed T. procumbens is an invasive species and a nectar plant for many butterflies. At Shivaji University campus, we documented a total of 42 species of butterflies belonging to three families (Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae, and Pieridae) of superfamily Papilionoidea visiting flowers of T. procumbens for nectar from December 2022 to November 2023. Among these, lycaenids were the most speciose with a total of 21 species, followed by the family Nymphalidae with 12 species, and the family Pieridae with nine species. Although the corolla length of T. procumbens flower is considered short, butterflies with both short (Lycaenidae and Pieridae) and long (Nymphalidae) proboscises were observed visiting these flowers for nectar. Seasonal studies carried out here showed that the highest number of butterfly species was recorded during monsoon season, mainly in June, than during other seasons. Among all species recorded, Eurema laeta was recorded at the highest temperature 35.8°C with 37% humidity. In the present communication photographs of all 42 butterfly species visiting T. procumbens flowers are provided.
Die Konsensehe von 1215 und ihre Darstellung in der Literatur
Authors: Schneidergruber Dietmar
Published: September 2024

This article establishes a connection between the fairy Mären Das Schneekind and Die Suche nach dem glücklichen Ehepaar. The solution presented in the book of penance for a wife with an illegitimate child comes up against the limits set by the cuckolded husband in the fairy Märe Das Schneekind. It is as it were a critique of the preachers’ approach and also shows the limits of the church in what many consider to be private matters. The other fairy Märe reveals the truth behind the seemingly happy marriage. It shows the consequences of the impossible divorce, but also the obviously wrong concept of honor in society. Both fairy Mären do not show a path to happiness and also demonstrate the unchristian end as a solution to the problem.
A new species of Heterochordeumatidae (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: chordeumatida) from mid-cretaceous Burmese amber
Authors: SU YI-TONG , CAI CHEN-YANG , HUANG DI-YING
Published: September 2024

A new species of millipede from the family Heterochordeumatidae, Heterochordeuma liae sp. nov., is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber. The detailed morphological characteristics of this species are provided based on the examination of 14 specimens, primarily utilizing confocal laser scanning microscopy. This new species can be confidently assigned to the extant genus Heterochordeuma due to its extended and polydesmidan-like paranota, 32 body rings in male and distinctive curved anterior gonopods, modified coxites 9, and leg-pair 10. A comprehensive comparison with extant species is also presented.
Records of Lonchaeidae (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) from Togo and other African countries, with descriptions of new species
Authors: MACGOWAN IAIN , TSCHIRNHAUS MICHAEL VON
Published: September 2024

Seventeen species of Lonchaeidae are recorded from the west African state of Togo amongst which are eight species new to science namely; Silba akloa sp. nov., Silba bambesa sp. nov., Silba kakamega sp. nov., Silba media sp. nov., Silba otandjobo sp. nov., Silba togoensis sp. nov., Silba tsifama sp. nov. and Silba zogbegani sp. nov. In addition, one new species, Fulgenta rwanda sp. nov., is added from material collected in Rwanda. Additional records are provided for the occurrence of the new species in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Uganda. The male terminalia of all species recorded are illustrated. An annotated checklist of the Lonchaeidae and a key to the Lonchaea and Silba species presently known from Togo are provided.
Archaeodiacyclops, new genus with “archaic” features (Crustacea, Copepoda, Cyclopoida), with description of new species from water bodies of northern Sakhalin Island
Authors: ALEKSEEV VICTOR , CHABAN OLGA
Published: September 2024

Representatives of freshwater cyclopid Archaeodiacyclops okhensis gen. nov., sp. nov. were found in river ecosystems of northern Sakhalin Island (East Russia). General structure of these specimens corresponds to genus Diacyclops. An unusual feature of these specimens is the retained hairs on the inner side of the caudal branches, which are usually absent in the genus Diacyclops. Analysis of the world fauna of the genus Diacyclops made it possible to describe a new genus and include the newly described species there, along with five already known species. The main diagnostic features for the new genus, in addition to the structure of the fifth pair characteristic of Diacyclops, are the combination of the unreduced structure of antennules (17-segmented), swimming legs (3-segmented) and caudal rami with presence of hair-setules on the inner side. The new genus includes 5 species, distributed mainly in the water bodies of the Americas. The finding of the newly described species outside this region is an additional evidence of some similarity of American and East Asian freshwater faunas. The article provides an identification key for species of a new genus.
A new species of Agenamyia Albuquerque (Diptera: Muscidae) from Colombia
Authors: RAMOS-PASTRANA YARDANY , CÓRDOBA-SUAREZ ERIC , FOGAÇA JOÃO M.
Published: September 2024

Agenamyia Albuquerque, 1953 is exclusive of the Neotropical region and is a poorly studied group. Here we described one new species from Colombia, namely Agenamyia diversa sp. nov. (type-locality: Garzón, Las Mercedes, Parque Natural Regional Cerro Páramo Miraflores), and present an updated identification key to segregate all the species, including color images and illustrations of male terminalia. The distribution of all species from Colombia is mapped.
Revision and transfer of Neotropical genera of the tribe Morimopsini Lacordaire, 1869 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): new species, redescription, taxonomic notes, and species key
Authors: ÁVILA-JIMÉNEZ ÁNGELO
Published: September 2024

The transfer of Neotropical genera from Morimopsini to Apomecynini is proposed. Two new species are described, Tuberolamia santossilvai sp. nov. and Polytuberotum boteroi sp. nov. The unknown female of Tuberolamia andicola Breuning, 1940 is described and illustrated. Keys to species, distribution map, and taxonomic considerations for the group are provided.
Enhanced Nanofluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer with Brownian Motion, Chemical Reaction, and Thermophoresis at Stagnation Point
Authors: Younas Waqar , Sagheer Muhammad
Published: September 2024

The goal of this work is to examine the MHD flow and heat transfer of a nanofluid through a stretchable surface nearby a stagnation point along with thermal conductivity of variable nature. The thermal behaviour of the suspended nanoparticles is discovered to be significantly influenced
by the Brownian motion. The impact of the chemical reaction and the constant internal heat source/sink are also taken into account. The mathematical model governing the flow, heat and mass transfer, is first non-dimensionalized through the similarity transformations and then converted in to
a system of first order differential equations to be tackled numerically by the shooting method with the help of MATLAB. The numerical results are bolstered by the use of the built-in MATLAB function bvp4c and found in a convincing agreement with those computed by the shooting method. In addition
to this validation, the numerical results of some published papers on similar type of models, are reproduced by using the same code. The numerical results are estimated for different values of the physical parameters involved in the flow problem. These results are displayed in both the graphical
and tabular form. Such type of models are significant for the development of various applications such as batteries, heat-resistant materials, improvement of cooling systems for electronics, efficient energy storage, advanced heat exchangers in industrial processes, enhanced drug delivery
method etc. In particular the Brownian motion, heat generation and chemical reactions play a crucial role in controlling heat transfer process.
Development of Graphene Oxide Nanofluids From Recycled Graphite: Part I—Materials Characterization
Authors: Makhlouf Mourad , Benmaamar Zoubir , Villemin Didier , Tayebi Tahar
Published: September 2024

This work explores the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) nanoflakes from recycled graphite using a modified Hummers method. The effectiveness of this approach was evaluated through comprehensive characterization techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the formation of
uniform GO with stacked, flat sheets. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups on the GO surface by identifying a characteristic peak. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy successfully identified key functional groups (carboxyl, aromatic
C═C, alkoxy, and hydroxyl) responsible for the unique properties of GO. Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of graphene with a less distorted structure through characteristic D and G bands. However, the ID/IG ratio was not a reliable measure of interdefect distance due
to the high defect density in GO. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and BJH analysis classified the OG as a mesoporous material with a significant surface area. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) verified the thermal stability of GO, revealing two distinct mass losses: one due to adsorbed water elimination
and another due to the decomposition of oxygenated functional groups.
Entropy Generation for Novel Trend of Biomedical Aspects on Magnetohydrodynamics Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Through a Stretching Cylinder
Authors: Ramasekhar Gunisetty , Jawad Muhammad , Jakeer Shaik , Reddisekhar Reddy Seethi Reddy
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of the current work is to examine the significance of Ag–Fe3O4 nanoparticles injected into blood under the consequence of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow over a porous stretching cylinder. Ag–Fe3O4 nanoparticles
are chosen for drug delivery due to their promising drug transport properties. Additionally, we considered thermal radiations, heat source/sink. Similarity approximations are engage to convert the PDE into ODEs. The bvp5c solver in MATLAB is employed for solving the ordinary differential equations,
providing both numerical solutions and graphical findings. The ODEs are addressed through a shooting method. Graphs illustrate that the consequence of physical control parameters on velocity and energy outlines. The thermal distribution profile exhibits an increasing trend with larger values
of the magnetic number and thermal radiation parameter. The versatile characteristics of Blood/Ag-Fe3O4 nanofluids make them interesting for use in biological applications across cylinders. They increase methods for imaging, permit targeted medication administration,
alleviate hyperthermia have antibacterial characteristics, increase blood flow and have promise in medical use. This approach holds promise for enhancing drug delivery efficiency in the bloodstream.
Free Convection Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer Within a Porous Rectangular Cavity
Authors: Sayyou Hamza , Belabid Jabrane , Allali Karam
Published: September 2024

In this work, we investigate numerically the natural convection flow patterns and heat transfer enhancement in a rectangular porous cavity filled with a nanofluid. The cavity vertical walls are subjected to a uniform temperature gradient, in such a way that, the left wall is heated
and the right one is cooled by a constant temperature. Whereas, the horizontal walls remain adiabatic. The mathematical model formed this problem is coupled with the hydrodynamics equations taking into account the Boussinesq approximation and the heat transfer equation. The SUR finite difference
method was employed to solve the non-dimensional PDEs and the performance of the developed code is compared with the previously published literature works. The key parameters utilized to describe the problem are the nanoparticle volume fraction (φ), aspect ratio (Ar) and
Rayleigh number (Ra). The presented results are in terms of the local and average Nusselt numbers. As well as, the contours of isotherms and streamlines. Results showed that heat transfer in a rectangular cavity filled with the nanofluid is more pronounced at Ar = 0.5 compared
to Ar = 2. Interestingly, for high values of Rayleigh number, an unexpected decrease in the average Nusselt number was observed as the nanoparticle volume fraction increased. In contrast, at low Rayleigh numbers, the opposite effect was noticed.
The Strengthened Linkage between ENSO and the Eurasian Pattern since the Late 1980s
Authors: Cai Qingyu , Chen Wen , Chen Shangfeng , Ma Tianjiao , An Xiadong , Li Zhibo
Published: September 2024

The Eurasian (EU) teleconnection pattern is an important atmospheric intrinsic mode over the extratropical Northern Hemisphere, and it has strong influence on the weather and climate over Eurasia and remote regions. Investigating factors for the EU variability is crucial and has important implications for regional climate prediction. This study reveals a remarkable influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the EU in early winter and particularly a notable enhancement of this influence since the late 1980s. The results indicate that ENSO can lead to the vertical motion and atmospheric heating anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean, triggering an atmospheric wave train propagating along the subtropical westerly jet and inducing an EU-like pattern over Eurasia in early winter. The interdecadal enhancement of the ENSO impact on the EU after the late 1980s may be attributable to the warming of the background mean sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Indian Ocean. In particular, ENSO can lead to stronger atmospheric heating and circulation anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean via a strong air–sea interaction due to a warmer background mean SST after the late 1980s. A warmer background mean SST in the tropical Indian Ocean accelerates the subtropical westerly jet due to the thermal-wind balance, which is more favorable for the propagation of the atmospheric wave train forced by the atmospheric heating anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean. The observed mechanisms for the enhanced impact of ENSO on the EU are also validated by numerical experiments.

Significance Statement

The Eurasian (EU) teleconnection pattern is an important atmospheric internal variability with significant influences on the Eurasian climate. The present study finds a remarkable relationship between the EU and ENSO in early winter, and this connection is significantly enhanced in recent decades. Thus, ENSO may serve as an important precursor signal for predicting the EU. Observational analysis and numerical experiments show that the warmer tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) plays a key role in this enhanced relationship. The warmer TIO may enhance the local air–sea interaction and accelerate the subtropical jet. The ENSO-induced anomalous disturbance over the TIO becomes stronger and can more easily propagate along the subtropical jet, exerting a strong influence on the EU especially after the late 1980s.
Institutional Factors and Agreement in Lawmaking
Authors: Benítez Andrés , Carrasco Beatriz , Jaime-Castillo Antonio M. , Pamies Carles
Published: September 2024

Contemporary democracies are undergoing a period of rising levels of polarization and fragmentation. At the same time, the degree of conflict in several parliaments, particularly in Europe, has significantly increased. Despite this, we know very little about conflict and consensus-building in parliaments. In this article, we analyze the degree of agreement in lawmaking in Spanish national and regional parliaments from 1977 to 2023. Using models for panel data we find that agreement between parties is higher when the effective number of parties is also higher, and when the incumbent party does not have a majority in parliament. However, contrary to our expectations and previous scholarship, ideological polarization does not have a significant effect on agreement. Additionally, specific characteristics of the bills have proven to have an impact on the degree of agreement.
How democracy and inequality shaped the initial COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Goh Taekyeong , Wang Jung-Haa , Yoon Soorin , Lee Cheol-Sung
Published: September 2024

This article utilizes cross-national datasets to build and test a theoretical framework that emphasizes the interactive relationship between political freedom and inequality regimes in explaining the spread and control of COVID-19. First, we construct a theoretical framework to analyze the dilemmas faced by liberal democratic regimes in managing both the economy and virus control. Next, we incorporate another framework to conceptualize the capacity of welfare states to support economically vulnerable populations and pandemic victims. To test our hypotheses, we employ multivariate OLS regression analyses on confirmed case rates, focusing on 4-month intervals during the first year of the COVID-19 crisis. The findings provide sufficient support for our claim that, at higher levels of inequality, political freedom is positively associated with the spread of COVID-19. Conversely, at lower levels of inequality, political freedom is negatively associated with the spread. This study underscores the inherent vulnerability of democratic freedom to infectious diseases and highlights the importance of social welfare provisions and healthcare systems in responding to large-scale disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic
Walking the Digital Tightrope: Diversity and voice in creative platform work
Authors: Reis Rosana Silveira , Curzi Ylenia , Bolzani Daniela
Published: September 2024

This study examines how diversity shapes creative platform workers’ access to and exercise of voice within the precarious landscape of platform capitalism. Drawing on Bourdieu’s concepts of capital and field, we explore unique qualitative materials collected from 40 Brazilian literary content creators. The findings show that creative platform workers’ access to and exercise of voice is based on three conditions of privilege: playing the rules of the game; drawing on bundles of resources; and leveraging intermediation capacity. We identify four forms of voice among creative platform workers – shielding, demonstrating, ingroup-focused gatekeeping and affirmative voices – and highlight the relational dynamics of power in this context. This research contributes to understanding diversity in creative platform work through a privilege lens, thereby revealing the complex dynamics of power and dependence that creative platform workers experience with different industry stakeholders. This study contributes to the literature about diversity and voice by: showing that online prestige alone does not ensure voice opportunities; unveiling the variety of targets and agents in the four forms of voice in creative platform work; and highlighting the limitations of collective voice in challenging existing privilege and disadvantage systems.
Exploring Religious Practice in Crisis: A non-Western tension-centred approach to meaningful work
Authors: Vu Mai C. , Fan Ziyun
Published: September 2024

This study develops a religious practice(s) approach to explore the tensional nature and process of meaningful work. We first problematize existing workplace spirituality approaches to management and organization studies (MOS) generally and meaningful work specifically. Our focus is the individual-organizational and positive-critical divides and overlooked tensions and in-betweenness within these divides. We propose a religious practice(s) approach as an alternative lens to address this in-betweenness, drawing on the theory and practices of Buddhist emptiness to theorize meaningful work as a tensional process unfolding at the intersection between the gaining and losing of meaningfulness. We explore this tensional in-betweenness empirically through 51 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with Buddhist practitioners on their lived experiences of meaningful work during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our findings reveal two realization processes that manifest the tensional in-betweenness of meaningful work during the Covid-19 pandemic, and which entrap and emancipate individuals in their pursuit of meaningful work. Our contribution is threefold. First, we develop a religious practice(s) approach to MOS by addressing the existing divides in workplace spirituality perspectives and the resulting overlooked tensions inherent in experiencing meaningful work. In doing so, we also extend the existing understanding of ‘tension’ in meaningful work, which has predominantly been treated as self-evidential and not yet fully integrated into the theorization of meaningful work. Third, we move away from the over-reliance on Western-centred theories through contextualized theory-building. This, we hope, will develop non-Western theorization in MOS and in turn prompt a more enriched, multidimensional understanding of meaningful work.
Comparison of Biomechanical and Surface Characteristics of Retrieved Orthodontic Mini-screws of Three Commercially Available Brands: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Dalvi Khadija M. , Nene Salil S. , Kalia Ajit J. , Mujawar Alfiya , Khan Faraaz M. , Gautam Rajaganesh
Published: September 2024

Background

Mini-screws are valuable devices in orthodontic treatment as they allow effective anchorage. Relocation of a mini-screw may be required due to anatomical limitations.

Objectives

To compare the morphology and surface characteristics of three brands of mini-screws before and after use and to check their viability for reinsertion.

Methodology

Mini-screws of three commercially available brands, Group I: Orlus, Ortholution, Korea, Group II: Absoanchor, Dentos, Korea, and Group III: S.K. surgical, India, were evaluated for the sharpness of their threads and active tip, surface roughness, and surface chemical composition using scanning electron microscope (SEM)–energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) before and after clinical use.

Results

The sharpness of threads did not differ before and after use in any of the groups. The mean tip deformation values in Groups II and III post-insertion were significantly higher than pre-insertion. The SEM images obtained post-insertion revealed loss of gloss and surface finish with a dull appearance in all groups, but most evident in Group I. EDS analysis post-retrieval shows an increase in the amount of carbon and oxygen in Groups II and III.

Conclusion:

Mini-screw reuse within the same patient is possible if proper recycling is done, and pilot drilling is done to overcome the decreased cutting ability of the tip due to deformation.
Thrombotic Safety of Angiotensin II for Distributive Shock in the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Cunningham Christine M. , Pawlowski Anna E. , Schaidle Sarah B.
Published: September 2024

Background: Angiotensin II (ATII) has been shown in the literature to increase the risk of thrombosis. Little data exists in patients with mechanical circulatory support (MCS) due to exclusion from landmark trials. Objective: Evaluate the thrombotic risk of ATII in patients in the cardiothoracic intensive care unit (CTICU) with distributive shock. Methods: Retrospective study including adult patients admitted to the CTICU with temporary MCS. This study evaluated patients ≥18 years old on temporary MCS in the CTICU between September 1st, 2018 and August 30th, 2022. Patients that received ATII were compared to a control group for the outcome of an index thrombotic event. The outcomes were compared using the Fischer’s exact or chi-squared test. Results: A total of 75 patients primarily admitted for cardiac surgery were included, of which 41 (54.7%) received ATII. The rates of overall thrombosis were higher in the ATII group compared to the control, though the outcome was not statistically significant (41.5% vs 20.6%; P = 0.05). Individual thrombotic components of the composite outcome were not statistically significant between groups. Conclusion: Numerically higher rates of thrombosis were seen in patients on MCS that received ATII, though the outcome was not statistically significant. This retrospective study provides a single-center, real-world safety perspective on the use of ATII in MCS.
An uncommon cause of persistent infection by Trichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Varona Jimena , Barberá María Jesús , López de Munain Josefina
Published: September 2024

Trichomonas vaginalis infection typically exhibits a favorable response to treatment. Nonetheless, there are instances where complete eradication proves challenging, necessitating multiple treatment cycles. Understanding patient history and conducting thorough examinations are crucial in identifying the reasons behind therapeutic failures. We present a case study involving a patient with persistent trichomoniasis despite multiple treatment cycles, attributed to the presence of an intrauterine device inserted several years prior. This case underscores the intricacies involved in managing recurrent Trichomonas vaginalis infections and the importance of a comprehensive evaluation.
Sequential Vein Bypass Grafting: Tactics and Long-Term Results
Authors: Christenson J. T. , Simonet F. , Schmuziger M.
Published: September 2024

The sequential bypass grafting technique has many advantages over coronary artery bypass grafting with single grafts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the consequences of sequential bypass graft failure. Between 1 January 1984 and 31 December 1996, 3846 patients underwent primary coronary artery bypass vein grafting. A total of 3490 patients received sequential vein bypass grafts and 356 patients received single vein bypass grafts (9%). There were 6177 sequential bypass grafts (3490 postero-lateral grafts (56%) and 2687 in the antero-lateral position (44%)) and 1468 single grafts (972 vein grafts and 496 internal thoracic artery grafts). Overall, there were 80 hospital deaths (2.1%). Mortality in relation to type of grafts used was: 13 deaths in 356 patients with only single graft (3.7%) and 67 deaths in 3490 patients who received sequential vein grafts (1.9%). Of 3766 hospital survivors, 3731 were followed for an average of 76 months. During follow-up, 85 patients died (2.3%), 15 patients (0.4%) underwent cardiac transplantation and 52 (1.4%) had re-do coronary artery bypass vein grafting. Graft-percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was performed in 56 patients (1.5%). 37/1390 single bypass grafts (2.7%) and 19/6023 sequential bypass grafts (0.3%). There were 272/6023 symptomatic sequential graft occlusions (4.5%) (182 were in postero-lateral position and 90 in the antero-lateral position). There were 66/667 single vein graft occlusions (9.9%) and 15 symptomatic internal thoracic artery graft occlusions (2.1%) during follow-up. In 97% of patients, presenting symptoms of postero-lateral sequential bypass graft occlusion took the form of a renewed angina with a myocardial infarction rate of 3% and a mortality rate of 7%. Corresponding figures for antero-lateral sequential bypass grafts were 22, 78 and 68%, and anterior single vein bypass grafts were 70, 30 and 15%, respectively. The overall 10-year survival rate in patients with sequential bypass grafts was 81.2% and the cumulative patency rate (1464 angio-controls of 2576 sequential vein grafts) was 72.2%. A symptomatic occlusion of a postero-lateral sequential vein bypass results in a low incidence of myocardial infarction with low mortality, when the terminal anastomosis is connected to a high flow vessel. An antero-lateral sequential vein bypass graft has better long-term patency than single vein bypass, but should occlusion occur, it would usually be associated with a higher myocardial infarction and mortality rates than a single vein graft. The highest risk for failure of a sequential graft in the antero-lateral position occurs when the left anterior descending artery (LAD) is small or severely diseased. In this situation the single graft technique with internal thoracic artery appears to be safer.
An Analysis of Detectability of Vulnerable Road Users Using Fuzzy Signal Detection Theory
Authors: Yang Wentong , Matsubayashi Shota , Miwa Kazuhisa , Kitayama Shinya , Otsuka Manabu , Hamada Koji
Published: September 2024

It is important that advanced driver assistance systems provide drivers with alarms at the time when the driver fails to detect vulnerable road users (VRUs). In this study, we employed the paradigm which was developed by Yang et al. to analyze the detectability of VRUs at the intersection. Nine VRUs were involved, including pedestrians, cyclists, and motorbikes in the same direction as the driver, in the opposite and orthogonal direction to the driver. As the results, the detectability of pedestrians and motorbikes were lower than the detectability of cyclists. On the other hand, the detectability of VRUs in the same direction as the driver was lower than the detectability of VRUs in other directions.
Factors affecting university students’ generative AI literacy: Evidence and evaluation in the UK and Hong Kong contexts
Authors: O’Dea Xianghan , Tsz Kit Ng Davy , O’Dea Mike , Shkuratskyy Viacheslav
Published: September 2024

Generative AI (GenAI) has become popular with many university students since late 2022 and is incorporated in their daily life. To use GenAI tools effectively and equitably, and also to meet industry expectations, students should be supported to develop GenAI literacy skills during their time at university. Even though some universities have provided AI literacy training courses to students, the courses are not yet widely available to students across the higher education sector. Besides, there has been a shortage of GenAI literacy courses in particular. And more importantly, it is unclear what knowledge and skills that need to be included relating to GenAI literacy, from the student perspective. Building a strong understanding of student perceptions in this area is critical, because it will help enhance appropriateness and content relevance and promote student engagement. Adopting the four-dimensional AI literacy framework as the theoretical foundation, this paper aims to address the gaps. It explores the perceptions of university students on GenAI literacy in the UK and Hong Kong contexts. Survey data from 234 students were collected and analyzed using the descriptive analysis and Kruskal–Wallis test. The results show that factors such as country of studies and prior learning about AI greatly impacted GenAI literacy. However, factors such as age and educational level do not have a significant effect. Built upon the findings and the theoretical foundation, this paper proposes a new GenAI literacy framework. This framework is a revised version of the four-dimensional AI literacy framework and proposes the essential GenAI knowledge and skills for university students. The new framework also acknowledges the impact of the macro, meso, and micro factors on student GenAI literacy development.
Physician-Modified Endografts with the TREO Stent Graft System
Authors: Papazoglou Dimitrios D. , Karaolanis Georgios I. , Kotelis Drosos , Makaloski Vladimir
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

Description of physician-modified endograft technique and its advantages using the TREO stent graft system.

Technique:

After partial back-table deployment of the TREO endograft, fenestrations are created using a scalpel and reinforced with a double snare loop and running suture. The distance between the Z-shaped stents of the TREO main body of almost 20 mm allows for more flexible placement of multiple fenestrations and easier and faster re-sheathing. The technique is illustrated with physician modification of a TREO aortic cuff and bifurcated endograft in three patients with juxtarenal aortic aneurysms or type Ia endoleak after previous endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.

Conclusion:

Physician modification of the TREO stent graft system can be safely performed, making it an excellent additional option to treat juxtarenal aneurysms.

Clinical Impact

The TREO stent graft system offers various sizing options including different main body lengths and diameters, thus increasing applicability. Larger distance between the main body’s stents facilitates placement of multiple physician-modified fenestrations. Re-sheathing is easier and faster due to the low number of main body stents which have to be re-sheathed. Therefore, the TREO stent graft system is an excellent platform for the physician-modified technique.
Return-to-Work After Attempted Digit Replantation: A Systematic Review of 31 Studies
Authors: Treger Dylan , Weinerman Jonathan , Cai Nathan , Syros Alina , Minaie Arya , Dodds Seth D.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Traumatic digit amputation is a common injury with life-altering consequences for thousands of patients each year. In this study, we aim to update and expand the reported outcomes of return-to-work (RTW) and functional recovery in patients treated with digit replant after traumatic amputation.

Methods:

A PRISMA-guided systematic review was performed to identify all published articles related to digit replantation following amputation. We queried the following 4 databases: Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed-MEDLINE. A total of 31 studies were included in the analysis of return-to-work data.

Results:

Of the 31 included studies, 26 studies reported that 1976 digits were successfully replanted, while 27 studies reported that 300 replants failed (86.8% success rate). Among 1087 patients in these studies, 82.9% who underwent replantation returned to work. The mean RTW time in 16 studies was 4.7 months (weighted average). Return-to-work time ranged from 0 to 26 months in 12 studies. Of 352 patients who returned to work in 17 studies, 90.9% resumed their previous occupation, while 29 (8.2%) changed occupations. The RTW for finger-only replantations was significantly lower compared to thumb-only, distal digit-only, and any digit replantations (66.0% vs 82.8%; 66.0% vs 87.6%; 66.0% vs 82.9%).

Conclusion:

Despite a declining prevalence of digit replantation surgery in recent years, this study illustrates that replantation provides beneficial outcomes for patients with a high return-to-work rate.
Better face-name recall is associated with better face recognition ability
Authors: DeGutis Joseph , Palsamudram Tanvi , Campbell Alison , Fry Regan , Verfaellie Mieke , Anderson Nicole D.
Published: September 2024

Face recognition is a highly developed and specialised human ability, distinct from other cognitive abilities. Previous studies examining individual differences in face recognition have focused on face perception and specialised perceptual mechanisms such as holistic face processing. However, the contribution of specific face memory processes to face recognition ability remains unclear. In 99 neurotypical individuals, we administered validated face perception assessments, three face memory tasks (old/new task, face-scene task, face-name/occupation task), and the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) to assess face recognition ability. We found that after accounting for face perception ability (which significantly predicted face recognition ability), face-name recall and recollection of faces in the face-scene task predicted unique variance in face recognition ability, with face-name recall being the strongest predictor. This highlights that associative memory mechanisms contribute to face recognition abilities and suggests that the ability to learn and recall proper names is particularly important to face recognition.