bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1,3,4-Oxadiazoles as Potential Pharmacophore for Cytotoxic Potentiality: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sharma Divya , Salahuddin  , Sharma Vikas , Kumar Rajnish , Joshi Sagar , Kumari Sunita , Saxena Shivani , Mazumder Avijit , Yar Mohammad Shahar , Ahsan Mohamed Jawed
Published: June 2021

Cancer is a kind of human cell degenerative disease that has affected many people for several
years. Cancer is caused due to the abnormal growth of cells in every particular part of the body.
The 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring is found to be a binding moiety that has anticancer potential. Various works
on the 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety showing anticancer activity have been reported. The present analysis
summarizes general synthetic methods for 1,3,4 oxadiazole. Different receptors on which these drug
acts are discussed. This review also presents pharmacophore models for topoisomerase-I, histone
deacetylase, and epidermal growth factor enzymes.
A Brief Review of Transparent Wood: Synthetic Strategy, Functionalization and Applications
Authors: Wan Caichao , Liu Xinyi , Huang Qiongtao , Cheng Wenjie , Su Jiahui , Wu Yiqiang
Published: June 2021

Severe pressure from energy consumption and serious pollution from non-renewable resources have urged
human beings to develop green and energy-efficient materials. Transparent wood, consisting of original wood channel
structure filled with resins, has favorable environmental friendliness and high transparency and haze, which holds huge
potential in various important fields. Herein, a brief review of the current research activities centered on the development
of transparent wood is provided. This review begins with an introduction to the background of transparent wood.
Next, the cellular wall structure of wood and the synthetic strategy of transparent wood (including decolorization and
impregnation) are summarized. Furthermore, the functionalization of transparent wood through doping nanomaterials
or modifying resins is highlighted, and the relationship between the physicochemical properties and the potential uses
(like optoelectronics, building materials, and furniture decoration) of transparent wood is clarified. Finally, a brief
overview of the prospects and challenges for transparent wood is provided.
Arterial Stiffness and Type 1 Diabetes: The Current State of Knowledge
Authors: Kulecki Michal , Uruska Aleksandra , Naskret Dariusz , Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz Dorota
Published: June 2021

:

The most common cause of mortality among people with type 1 diabetes is cardiovascular
diseases. Arterial stiffness allows predicting cardiovascular complications, cardiovascular mortality,
and all-cause mortality. There are different ways to measure arterial stiffness; the gold standard
is pulse wave velocity. Arterial stiffness is increased in people with type 1 diabetes compared
to healthy controls. It increases with age and duration of type 1 diabetes. Arterial stiffness among
people with type 1 diabetes positively correlates with systolic blood pressure, obesity, glycated hemoglobin,
waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio. It has a negative correlation with the estimated
glomerular filtration rate, high-density lipoprotein, and the absence of carotid plaques. The increased
arterial stiffness could result from insulin resistance, collagen increase due to inadequate
enzymatic glycation, and endothelial and autonomic dysfunction. The insulin-induced decrease in
arterial stiffness is impaired in type 1 diabetes. There are not enough proofs to use pharmacotherapy
in the prevention of arterial stiffness, but some of the medicaments got promising results in single
studies, for example, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, statins, and SGLT2 inhibitors.
The main strategy of prevention of arterial stiffness progression remains glycemic control
and a healthy lifestyle.
Clinical Assessment of Autonomic Function in Fibromyalgia by the
Refined and Abbreviated Composite Autonomic Symptom Score (COMPASS
31): A Case-Controlled Study
Authors: Puri Basant K. , Lee Gary S.
Published: June 2021

Background:

It has been shown that autonomic dysfunction in fibromyalgia can be assessed
by the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score (COMPASS) questionnaire. More recently, a
refined and much abbreviated 31-item version of the questionnaire has been developed, the COMPASS
31.

Objectives:

First, to determine whether the COMPASS 31 can assess changes in autonomic function
in fibromyalgia. Second, to assess whether the COMPASS 31 values in fibromyalgia patients
are positively correlated with scores on the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR).

Method:

A cross-sectional, case-controlled study was carried out with 25 fibromyalgia patients
and 26 healthy controls.

Results:

The two groups were matched for age, sex and ethnicity, but not for body mass index
(BMI). The total mean (standard error) COMPASS 31 for the fibromyalgia patients, 37.2 (1.8), differentiated
the patients from the controls (9.5 (1.4); p < 0.00000001). The scores were greater in
the fibromyalgia patients across all COMPASS 31 autonomic domains, namely orthostatic intolerance
(p < 0.00000001), and vasomotor (p < 0.0001), secretomotor (p < 0.000001), gastrointestinal
(p < 0.000001), bladder (p < 0.00001) and pupillomotor functions (p < 0.00000001). The total
COMPASS 31 values were positively correlated with FIQR scores (rs = 0.45, p < 0.05). General linear
modelling of the COMPASS 31 scores showed that only group status (fibromyalgia or control)
was significant (p = 3.4 × 10-16), with age, sex and BMI being non-significant.

Conclusion:

This study confirms that non-pain autonomic dysfunction symptoms occur in fibromyalgia
and can be assessed with the COMPASS 31.
Sliding Mode Control of a 2DOF Robot Manipulator: A Simulation Study
Using Artificial Neural Networks with Minimum Parameter Learning
Authors: Saidi Imen , Touati Nahla
Published: June 2021

Background:

In this paper we have developed an intelligent control law for the control
of mobile manipulator robots by investigating the various techniques proposed in the literature.
Thus, we have adopted a hybrid approach integrating part of classical and advanced automation in
order to create an efficient control structure that can cope with a certain level of complexity. Our
research logic is based on the process of keeping in mind that the control system must comply
with the constraints imposed during the implementation of the control architecture.

Objective:

This paper aims to develop a control law in order to guarantee a certain level of performance
and, more precisely, during a trajectory tracking application for mobile handling missions.
The developed control law guarantees robustness with respect to external disturbances and
parametric uncertainties due to the modelling of the system.

Methods:

In this paper, a study of the basic concepts of robotics and robot modelling is presented
in order to set up the dynamic model used for the elaboration of the command. A sliding-mode
controller based on a radial base function neural network with minimum parameter learning is developed
for the Pelican robot as a two link robot manipulator. This approach, which combines a
Radial Base Function Neuronal Network (RBFNN) and a Sliding Mode Control (SMC), is presented
for the tracking control of this class of systems with unknown nonlinearities. The centres
and outputs weights of the RBFNN are updated via online learning in accordance with the adaptive
laws, allowing the control output of the neural network to approach the equivalent control in
the sliding mode in the predetermined direction. The Lyapunov function is used to develop the
adaptive control algorithm based on the RBFNN model. To reduce computational load and increase
real-time arm performance, an RBFNN-based on the SMC with the Minimum Parameter
Learning (MPL) method is designed.

Results:

Neural network sliding mode control is designed to underline the effectiveness of the approach
to control the manipulator. This method of control ensure the tracking trajectories.

Conclusion:

The results of the simulation for the manipulator arm presented demonstrates the effectiveness
of the modelling strategy, the correction and the robustness of the control approach.
A Comparative Study on The Adsorption Behavior of Congo Red on to ZnAl and ZnCr Layered Double Hydroxides
Authors:   Department of Environmental Sciences, Graduate Program, Universitas Sriwijaya, Taher Tarmizi , Ummu Hani Nyanyu ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Rahayu Palapa Neza ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Mohadi Risfidian ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Lesbani Aldes ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya
Published: June 2021

In this work, two synthetic layered double hydroxides (LDH) consists of Zn2+ as M2+ cation with different M3+ cation, i.e., Al3+ and Cr3+ were used as an adsorbent for Congo Red removal aqueous solution. Both Zn-Al and Zn-Cr LDH were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, and BET surface area analyzer. The effect of contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature were evaluated in a batch technique in order to investigate the characteristic of Congo Red adsorption onto both adsorbents. The experimental data were assessed according to the parameter of adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics. The results of LDH characterization showed that Zn-Al LDH has a higher interlayer distance than Zn-Cr LDH, although Zn-Cr LDH has a higher surface area. The FT-IR analysis indicated the interlayer space of both Zn-Cr and Zn-Al LDH was dominated by CO32- as the interlayer anion species. The adsorption kinetics study of Congo Red on both LDH revealed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model. For the adsorption isotherm, the experimental data fit well with the Freundlich model rather than the Langmuir model. The thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption process that occurred on both adsorbents was spontaneous with exothermic nature.
Radicalizing Populism and the Making of an Echo Chamber: The Case of the Italian Anti-Vaccination Movement
Authors: Rietdijk Natascha
Published: June 2021

In this article, I call attention to the relation between populist rhetoric and the creation and reinforcement of echo chambers. Looking at the case of the Italian anti-vaccination movement, I demonstrate that populist rhetoric has reshaped the echo chamber in order to politically mobilize it, by focusing its attention towards distrusting a (liberal) epistemic elite, thus further contributing to a post-truth narrative. I further argue that populism and echo chambers in general are conceptually linked through their dichotomous division of society and rejection of legitimate opposition.
Instrumentalizing Antisemitism: Review of The Politics of Unreason
Authors: De Haan Ido
Published: June 2021

Review of Lars Rensmann. 2017. The Politics of Unreason. The Frankfurt School and the Origins of Modern Antisemitism. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Beyond CPRA: Identifying Sensitized Kidney Candidates with Markedly Low Access to Deceased Donor Transplantation by Granular CPRA and Blood Type
Authors:   Hansa Biopharma AB , Scheelev ä gen 22, 223 63 Lund, Sweden, Maldonado Angela Q , Sjöholm Kristoffer ,   Hansa Biopharma AB , Scheelev ä gen 22, 223 63 Lund, Sweden, Lee Joshua ,   Hansa Biopharma AB , Scheelev ä gen 22, 223 63 Lund, Sweden, Olsson Håkan ,   Hansa Biopharma AB , Scheelev ä gen 22, 223 63 Lund, Sweden, Kjellman Christian ,   Hansa Biopharma AB , Scheelev ä gen 22, 223 63 Lund, Sweden, Stewart Darren E ,   United Network for Organ Sharing, 700 N 4th St, Richmond, VA 23219, US
Published: June 2021

Prioritization in the US Kidney Allocation System (KAS) has led to an improvement in the rates of transplantation in highly sensitized (HS) patients. However, there is a subset of HS patients who are at a disadvantage, despite prioritization under KAS. The purpose of this study was to describe the transplant rate (TR) by calculated panel reactive antibody (CPRA) of HS candidates before and five years post-KAS to characterize their access to deceased donor transplants and quantify the number of HS candidates who are at a marked disadvantage in accessing kidneys. Using de-identified OPTN data, the number of solitary deceased donor kidney transplants performed (by month) from June 2013 through December 2019 was analyzed for four CPRA groups (95–97%, 98%, 99%, and 100%), with the CPRA 100% group further stratified into two subgroups (99.5–99.9% and >99.9%). The impact of the recipient blood group was assessed as an additional factor in TR. Immediately after KAS, TR rose 7-fold from 0.26% to 1.7% for the CPRA 99–100% group as a whole, and 12-fold and 8-fold for the CPRA 99.5–99.9% and CPRA 99.9%+ groups, respectively. However, the post-KAS mean TR of 0.63% for CPRA 99.9%+ candidates remained markedly lower than the mean TR of the other sensitized groups: 1.5% for CPRA 95–97%, 1.4% for CPRA 98%, 2.0% for CPRA 99%, and 3.5% for CPRA 99.5–99.9%; a statistically significant 6-fold advantage of the CPRA 99.5–99.9% group over CPRA 99.9%+ candidates was observed, despite both groups receiving national priority under KAS. Patients with a CPRA of 99.9%+ and blood group B were 2.16, 1.98, and 1.75 times less likely to receive a transplant compared to the same CPRA group with blood groups A, AB, and O, respectively, despite changes to KAS allocating blood type A2 and A2B to recipients with blood group B. Although the TR increased sharply for the CPRA 99.9%+ group with KAS, it remained markedly lower than the average despite national priority.
Designing a Clinical Decision Support Tool That Leverages Machine Learning for Suicide Risk Prediction: Development Study in Partnership With Native American Care Providers
Authors: Haroz Emily E , Grubin Fiona , Goklish Novalene , Pioche Shardai , Cwik Mary , Barlow Allison , Waugh Emma , Usher Jason , Lenert Matthew C , Walsh Colin G
Published: June 2021

Background

Machine learning algorithms for suicide risk prediction have been developed with notable improvements in accuracy. Implementing these algorithms to enhance clinical care and reduce suicide has not been well studied.

Objective

This study aims to design a clinical decision support tool and appropriate care pathways for community-based suicide surveillance and case management systems operating on Native American reservations.

Methods

Participants included Native American case managers and supervisors (N=9) who worked on suicide surveillance and case management programs on 2 Native American reservations. We used in-depth interviews to understand how case managers think about and respond to suicide risk. The results from interviews informed a draft clinical decision support tool, which was then reviewed with supervisors and combined with appropriate care pathways.

Results

Case managers reported acceptance of risk flags based on a predictive algorithm in their surveillance system tools, particularly if the information was available in a timely manner and used in conjunction with their clinical judgment. Implementation of risk flags needed to be programmed on a dichotomous basis, so the algorithm could produce output indicating high versus low risk. To dichotomize the continuous predicted probabilities, we developed a cutoff point that favored specificity, with the understanding that case managers’ clinical judgment would help increase sensitivity.

Conclusions

Suicide risk prediction algorithms show promise, but implementation to guide clinical care remains relatively elusive. Our study demonstrates the utility of working with partners to develop and guide the operationalization of risk prediction algorithms to enhance clinical care in a community setting.
Development of a Mobile App to Support Self-management of Anxiety and Depression in African American Women: Usability Study
Authors: McCall Terika , Ali Muhammad Osama , Yu Fei , Fontelo Paul , Khairat Saif
Published: June 2021

Background

Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most common mental health conditions among African American women. Despite the need for mental health care, African American women significantly underuse mental health services. Previous mobile health studies revealed significant improvements in anxiety or depressive symptoms after intervention. The use of mobile apps offers the potential to eliminate or mitigate barriers for African American women who are seeking access to mental health services and resources.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the usability of the prototype of an app that is designed for supporting the self-management of anxiety and depression in African American women.

Methods

Individual usability testing sessions were conducted with 15 participants in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Cognitive walkthrough and think-aloud protocols were used to evaluate the user interface. Eye-tracking glasses were used to record participants’ visual focus and gaze path as they performed the tasks. The Questionnaire for User Interface Satisfaction was administered after each session to assess the participants’ acceptance of the app.

Results

Participants rated the usability of the prototype positively and provided recommendations for improvement. The average of the mean scores for usability assessments (ie, overall reactions to the software, screen, terminology and app information, learning, and app capabilities) ranged from 7.2 to 8.8 on a scale of 0-9 (low to high rating) for user tasks. Most participants were able to complete each task with limited or no assistance. Design recommendations included improving the user interface by adding graphics and color, adding a tutorial for first-time users, curating a list of Black women therapists within the app, adding details about tracking anxiety and depression in the checkup graphs, informing users that they can use the talk-to-text feature for journal entries to reduce burden, relabeling the mental health information icon, monitoring for crisis support, and improving clickthrough sequencing.

Conclusions

This study provides a better understanding of user experience with an app tailored to support the management of anxiety and depression for African American women, which is an underserved group. As African American women have high rates of smartphone ownership, there is a great opportunity to use mobile technology to provide access to needed mental health services and resources. Future work will include incorporating feedback from usability testing and focus group sessions to refine and develop the app further. The updated app will undergo iterative usability testing before launching the pilot study to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the prototype.
The Characteristics and Risk Factors of Web-Based Sexual Behaviors Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Eastern China: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chen Lin , Chen Wanjun , Jiang Tingting , Ni Zhikan , Ma Qiaoqin , Pan Xiaohong
Published: June 2021

Background

Finding casual sex partners on the internet has been considered a huge challenge for HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.

Objective

This study aimed to identify the characteristics and risk factors of finding causal sex partners on the internet among MSM in Zhejiang Province, China.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were enrolled by 4 community-based organizations (CBOs) and 10 Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) clinics through advertisements in bathrooms, bars, and gay hook-up apps from June to December 2018. A CBO- or physician-assisted survey was conducted to collected information on finding casual sex partners, perceived HIV infection, and HIV risk behaviors.

Results

Among 767 participants, 310 (40.4%) reported finding causal sex partners on the internet. Factors associated with finding casual sex partners on the internet included watching pornographic videos on the internet more than once a week (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.881, 95% CI 1.201-2.948), discussing “hooking-up online” with friends (aOR=4.018, 95% CI 2.910-5.548), and perceiving that the likelihood of HIV infection among casual sex partners sought on the internet was “medium” (aOR=2.034, 95% CI 1.441-2.873) or “low” (aOR=2.548, 95% CI 1.524-4.259). Among the participants who reported finding casual sex partners on the internet, 30.2% (91/310) reported having unprotected sex with casual sex partners encountered on the internet in the past 6 months. On multivariate logistic regression analyses, knowing the HIV infection status of casual sex partners sought on the internet was significantly associated with performing inserted intercourse (aOR=1.907, 95% CI 1.100-3.306) and a decreased risk of inconsistent condom use (aOR=0.327, 95% CI 0.167-0.642).

Conclusions

Web-based casual sexual behavior is becoming more prevalent, and the rate of unprotected sex among MSM in Zhejiang Province is high. Future HIV prevention approaches should emphasize the importance for MSM to proactively determine the HIV infection status of potential casual sex partners sought on the internet.
Experiences of Wearable Technology by Persons with Knee Osteoarthritis Participating in a Physical Activity Counseling Intervention: Qualitative Study Using a Relational Ethics Lens (Preprint)
Authors: Leese Jenny , MacDonald Graham , Backman Catherine L , Townsend Anne , Nimmon Laura , Li Linda C
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Current evidence indicates physical activity wearables could support persons with knee osteoarthritis (OA) to be more physically active. However, recent evidence also identifies some persons with arthritis experience guilt or worry while using a wearable if they are not as active as they feel they should be. Questions remain around how persons with knee OA experience benefits or downsides using a wearable in their everyday lives. Better understanding is needed if wearables are to be incorporated in arthritis self-management in ethically aware ways.

OBJECTIVE

Using an ethics lens, we aimed to describe a range of experiences from persons with knee OA who used a wearable during a physical activity counseling intervention study.

METHODS

This is a secondary analysis of qualitative interviews nested within a randomized controlled trial. Guided by phenomenography, we explored the experiences of persons with knee OA following participation in a physical activity counseling intervention that involved using a Fitbit Flex and biweekly phone calls with a study physiotherapist (PT) in an 8-week period. Benefits or downsides experienced in participants’ relationships with themselves or the study PT when using the wearable were identified using a relational ethics lens.

RESULTS

Interviews with 21 participants (12 females and 9 males) aged 40 to 82 years were analyzed. Education levels ranged from high school graduates (4/21, 19%) to bachelor’s degrees or above (11/21, 52%). We identified 3 categories of description: (1) participants experienced their wearable as a motivating or nagging influence to be more active, depending on how freely they were able to make autonomous choices about physical activity in their everyday lives; (2) some participants felt a sense of accomplishment from seeing progress in their wearable data, which fueled their motivation; (3) for some participants, sharing wearable data helped to build mutual trust in their relationship with the study PT. However, they also expressed there was potential for sharing wearable data to undermine this trust, particularly if this data was inaccurate.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings provide an early glimpse into positive and negative emotional impacts of using a wearable that can be experienced by participants with knee OA when participating in a randomized controlled trial to support physical activity. To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative study that uses a relational ethics lens to explore how persons with arthritis experienced changes in their relationship with a health professional when using a wearable during research participation.
Gender-Based Differences and Associated Factors Surrounding Excessive Smartphone Use Among Adolescents: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma , André Frida , Fridh Maria , Delfin Carl , Hakansson Anders , Lindström Martin
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Excessive smartphone use is a new and debated phenomenon frequently mentioned in the context of behavioral addiction, showing both shared and distinct traits when compared to pathological gaming and gambling.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to describe excessive smartphone use and associated factors among adolescents, focusing on comparisons between boys and girls.

METHODS

This study was based on data collected through a large-scale public health survey distributed in 2016 to pupils in the 9th grade of primary school and those in the 2nd grade of secondary school. Bayesian binomial regression models, with weakly informative priors, were used to examine whether the frequency of associated factors differed between those who reported excessive smartphone use and those who did not.

RESULTS

The overall response rate was 77% (9143/11,868) among 9th grade pupils and 73.4% (7949/10,832) among 2nd grade pupils, resulting in a total of 17,092 responses. Based on the estimated median absolute percentage differences, along with associated odds ratios, we found that excessive smartphone use was associated with the use of cigarettes, alcohol, and other substances. The reporting of anxiety and worry along with feeling low more than once a week consistently increased the odds of excessive smartphone use among girls, whereas anxiety and worry elevated the odds of excessive smartphone use among boys. The reporting of less than 7 hours of sleep per night was associated with excessive smartphone use in all 4 study groups.

CONCLUSIONS

The results varied across gender and grade in terms of robustness and the size of estimated difference. However, excessive smartphone use was associated with a higher frequency of multiple suspected associated factors, including ever having tried smoking, alcohol, or other substances; poor sleep; and often feeling low and feeling anxious. This study sheds light on some features and distinctions of a potentially problematic behavior among adolescents.
Exploring the Shift in International Trends in Mobile Health Research From 2000 to 2020: Bibliometric Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Cao Jianfei , Lim Yeongjoo , Sengoku Shintaro , Guo Xitong , Kodama Kota
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Smartphones have become an integral part of our lives with unprecedented popularity and a diverse selection of apps. The continuous upgrading of information technology has also enabled smartphones to display great potential in the field of health care.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine the future research direction of mobile health (mHealth) by analyzing its research trends and latest research hotspots.

METHODS

This study collected mHealth-related literature published between 2000 and 2020 from the Web of Science database. Descriptive statistics of publication trends of mHealth research were determined by analyzing the annual number of publications in the literature and annual number of publications by country. We constructed visualization network maps of country (or regional) collaborations and author-provided keyword co-occurrences, as well as overlay visualization maps of the average publication year of author-provided keywords to analyze the hotspots and research trends in mHealth research.

RESULTS

In total, 12,593 mHealth-related research papers published between 2000 and 2020 were found. The results showed an exponential growth trend in the number of annual publications in mHealth literature. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, the Journal of Medical Internet Research, and JMIR Research Protocols were the 3 top journals with respect to number of publications. The United States remained the leading contributor to the literature in this area (5294/12,593, 42.0%), well ahead of other countries and regions. Other countries and regions also showed a clear trend of annual increases in the number of mHealth publications. The 4 countries with the largest number of publications—the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia—were found to cooperate more closely. The rest of the countries and regions showed a clear geographic pattern of cooperation. The keyword co-occurrence analysis of the top 100 authors demonstrated 5 clusters, namely, development of mHealth medical technology and its application to various diseases, use of mHealth technology to improve basic public health and health policy, mHealth self-health testing and management in daily life, adolescent use of mHealth, and mHealth in mental health. The research trends revealed a gradual shift in mHealth research from health policy and improving public health care to the development and social application of mHealth technologies.

CONCLUSIONS

To the best of our knowledge, the most current bibliometric analysis dates back to 2016. However, the number of mHealth research published between 2017 and 2020 exceeds the previous total. The results of this study shed light on the latest hotspots and trends in mHealth research. These findings provide a useful overview of the development of the field; they may also serve as a valuable reference and provide guidance for researchers in the digital health field.
Noble gas solubility in super-critical water: implications for inert gas studies and geochronology
Authors: Mitchell J. G. , Terrell D. J.
Published: June 2021

Los gases inertes exhiben idealmente solubilidad infinita en agua supercrítica. Las implicaciones de este fenómeno son discutidas en el contexto del reestablecimiento del sistema K-Ar durante metamorfismo regional y emplazamiento de granitos. Las abundancias de los gases inertes en rocas y lutitas del suelo marino, posiblemente puedan ser interpretadas como consecuencia (al menos en parte) de partición entre agua y fases silicatos en las que los gases inertes ligeros son tomados preferentemente en agua. El desempeño del agua supercrítica como un medio de transporte para gases inertes, ofrece una importante alternativa a los procesos poco probables de difusión volumétrica a bajas temperaturas.
Do farmer groups improve the situation of women in agriculture in rural Kenya?
Authors: Ingutia Rose , Sumelius John
Published: June 2021

Production by smallholders in rural Kenya is limited by institutional, technical and investment constraints. Female farmers are the majority among smallholders and have significant roles in agriculture; nonetheless, they face constraints in accessing resources. Recent primary data of 347 farmers (proportional random sampling) was used to examine: (a) factors affecting women’s participation in agriculture; (b) factors influencing female farmers’ decision to join a farmer group; and (c) the effect of women’s membership in a farmer group on crop yield. We applied Probit and linear regression with endogenous treatment maximum likelihood methods. Results reveal that women’s participation is positively influenced by membership in a farmer group and land ownership. Women’s decision to join a farmer group is positively affected by access to credit, and negatively by limited decision-making power and lack of access to land. Crop yield is positively affected by membership years in a farmer group and ownership of mobile phones, negatively by lack of credit. Farmer groups are a particularly effective platform to improve crop yields and other constraints confronting female farmers. Surprisingly, this platform is under-utilised. Policymakers should invest in human, financial and physical capital of farmer groups as a pathway to rural development, improved rural livelihoods and reduced poverty.
Anfibios en peligro: amenazas y estrategias efectivas de conservación
Authors: Juan Gabriel Abarca Alvarado
Published: June 2021

Resumen: Del estudio de la taxonomía, la historia natural y la ecología como principales ramas de la investigación de los fenómenos naturales hemos pasado rápidamente a preocuparnos por generar la ciencia de la conservación, ya que en los últimos 70 años ha venido creciendo la cantidad de especies en peligro alrededor de mundo. Los anfibios son uno de los grupos más amenazados, por una serie de factores ambientales y humanos, lo que ha diezmado a muchas especies de estos vertebrados. Afortunadamente, además de que muchas especies han logrado sobreponerse, existen una serie de acciones, pilares de la conservación, las cuales han mostrado su efectividad en mejorar las condiciones de los anfibios. Aplicar estas acciones para evitar la desaparición de más especies es uno de los principales retos de la conservación en la actualidad. Conocer, coordinar y aplicar los esfuerzos y estrategias provenientes de diferentes actores sociales y ramas de la ciencia puede llevar a los nuevos investigadores y conservacionistas a robustecer las alianzas con los tomadores de decisiones y a minimizar la presión de extinción que se yergue sobre estas frágiles especies.
Feedback stabilization of non-homogeneous bilinear systems with a finite time delay
Authors: Hamidi Zakaria , Ayadi Rachid El , Ouzahra Mohamed
Published: June 2021

This paper investigates the feedback stabilization of non-homogeneous
delayed bilinear systems, evolving in Hilbert state space. More
precisely, under observability like assumption, we prove the exponential
and strong stability of the solution by using a bounded feedback
control. The partial stabilization is discussed as well. The proof of
the main results is based on the decomposition method. The decay
estimates of the corresponding solution are obtained. Finally, some
examples are presented.
Distributed Operations in Response to COVID-19: Assessing Workforce Perceptions of Productivity and Success
Authors: Tolentino Glenn , Wood John , Riley Shane
Published: June 2021

During the midst of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a large Navy Working Capital Funded government laboratory transitioned from a traditional on-site/physical daily operational presence to a distributed, virtual maximum telework posture. The direction given in March 2020 was that unless performance of a specific approved tasking was required at the physical workplace, the laboratory workforce was to telework from a safe location while practicing social distancing. To this extent, a majority of the organization’s workforce continued performing the duties associated with their programs and projects in a virtual and secure distributed environment. This new norm certainly raised questions and considerations related to the effectiveness of the workforce while under maximum telework. As a result, two surveys were conducted to assess the perceived work-effectiveness of the organization. The perceived work-effectiveness was assessed at the operational (work unit) level, focusing on project impacts of telework, and from the macroorganizational perspective. The first survey was conducted on a project that was 2 weeks into this virtual maximum telework environment. The second survey was performed one layer above the project at the division level, thereby extending the aperture of the data. Both surveys provided a great deal of information and insight on how project teams perceived work performance
and effectiveness during telework. The purpose of the study was to understand the impact of distributed telework in workforce productivity and project success as well as assess workforce perceptions on the effects of telework.
The Anna Karenina Model of β-Cell Maturation in Development and Their Dedifferentiation in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nimkulrat Sutichot D. , Bernstein Matthew N. , Ni Zijian , Brown Jared , Kendziorski Christina , Blum Barak
Published: June 2021

Loss of mature β-cell function and identity, or β-cell dedifferentiation, is seen in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Two competing models explain β-cell dedifferentiation in diabetes. In the first model, β-cells dedifferentiate in the reverse order of their developmental ontogeny. This model predicts that dedifferentiated β-cells resemble β-cell progenitors. In the second model, β-cell dedifferentiation depends on the type of diabetogenic stress. This model, which we call the “Anna Karenina” model, predicts that in each type of diabetes, β-cells dedifferentiate in their own way, depending on how their mature identity is disrupted by any particular diabetogenic stress. We directly tested the two models using a β-cell–specific lineage-tracing system coupled with RNA sequencing in mice. We constructed a multidimensional map of β-cell transcriptional trajectories during the normal course of β-cell postnatal development and during their dedifferentiation in models of both type 1 diabetes (NOD) and type 2 diabetes (BTBR-Lepob/ob). Using this unbiased approach, we show here that despite some similarities between immature and dedifferentiated β-cells, β-cell dedifferentiation in the two mouse models is not a reversal of developmental ontogeny and is different between different types of diabetes.
Variability of the Lithic Raw Material in the Upper and Late Palaeolithic sites in Southeastern Poland
Authors: Bobak Dariusz , Połtowicz-Bobak Marta
Published: June 2021

In terms of supply of good quality raw materials for stone tool manufacture, the area of southeastern Poland is rather poor. Considering research conducted so far, there are only few sites that can be the basis for analysis. Nevertheless, certain phenomena seem to be characteristic on sites in southeastern Poland in the later phase of the Upper Palaeolithic and in the Late Palaeolithic. There are usually more than one kind of raw material present. Apart from local erratic flint, imported Świeciechów (grey white-spotted) and ‘chocolate’ flint dominate. The presence of both Jurassic (areas near Cracow) and Volhynian flints are poorly recorded, whereas resources from the south are almost absent. These imported raw materials indicate the existence of particularly strong relations linking the areas of southeastern Poland with the Sandomierz Upland, and much weaker relationships with the territories of Lesser Poland and Western Ukraine
Det profesjonelle livet i unntakstilstanden
Authors: Foss Vigdis
Published: June 2021

Når politikk og styringsformer overfor barnehagesektoren har utgangspunkt i barn som humankapital for nasjonens framtidige konkurranseevne, arbeidsmarked og velferd, utfordres profesjonen og lærerutdannerne moralsk og epistemologisk. Med teoretiske konsepter fra Janet Roitman og Giorgio Agamben som kritisk ressurs, beskriver denne studien sentrale trekk ved maktarrangementer som skaper forutsetninger for og er virksomme i reformer. Et materiale fra fokusgruppeintervjuer med lærerutdannere danner grunnlaget for en undersøkelse av lærerutdanneres resepsjon av en reform samt deres erfaringer med nye maktarrangementer i implementeringen av barnehagelærerutdanningsreformen i Norge, lansert i 2013 (BLU-reformen).
English abstract
Working as a professional in a time of endless crisis
Teacher educators and the teacher profession are challenged morally and epistemologically by policies and styles of governance that consider children as human capital to be invested in global economic competition, future labour markets and the growth of national welfare. Drawing on the conceptual frameworks of Janet Roitman and Giorgio Agamben, this study describes power structures that both create the preconditions for reform and work thorough reforms.
Material from focus group interviews with teacher educators will be used to investigate how teacher educators react to a particular reform and the way they experience new power structures in connection with the implementation of a reform of the training of kindergarten teachers in Norway (the BLU reform), launched in 2013.
Peculiarities of formation of sol-gel coatings based on water glass
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Vakhula Yaroslav , Vasijchuk Victor ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Romaniv Anna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Semchuk Oleg ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The work deals with the development of compositions of protective, insulating and decorative glass coatings, as well as coating formation using sol-gel technology. Conditions for the preparing of homogeneous colloidal solutions necessary for the formation of coatings and coating properties have been determined. The peculiarities of glass coating formation based on water glass have been developed.
Design of polymers of block, comb-like and highly branched structures with peroxide-containing chains
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Zaichenko Alexander , Mitina Natalya ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Rayevska Kateryna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Skorohoda Taras ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Zawadiak Jan ,   Silesian Technical University, 4 Krzywoustego St., Gliwice, Poland, Gilner Danuta ,   Silesian Technical University, 4 Krzywoustego St., Gliwice, Poland, Lobaz Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12, S.Bandery St., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine, Novikov Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, 12 Bandera str., 79013 Lviv, Ukraine
Published: June 2021

The tailored synthesis of telechelic oligoperoxides (TO), oligoperoxide metal complexes (OMC) as well as the development of controlled radical polymerization in aqueous and hydrocarbon media initiated by them provides prospective approaches for the obtaining block, comb-like and highly branched polymers with the backbone and branches of various nature, polarity, length and reactivity. The polymer-precursors and final products were investigated by chemical, spectral and rheological techniques. The novel peroxide-containing copolymers were studied in the reactions of radical polymerization in heterogeneous and homogeneous media.
1940-2020: ¿y los acontecimientos?
Authors: Rodríguez Kuri Ariel
Published: June 2021

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Las elecciones y el sistema político
Authors: Aguilar Rivera José Antonio
Published: June 2021

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Terrorism formation with supranational character: kosmopolitization factor
Authors: Dolgy V. I.
Published: June 2021

The article indicates the general trends leading to the transformation of contemporary terrorism from national to transnational stage, above all the global role of the cosmopolitization. It contains a collative analyses of the two types of terrorism. One of them, existing at the age of industrial modernity, and another one corresponds to the contemporary societies.
The Concept of "Time" as the Ideological Foundation of Cultural Identity
Authors: Koroleva A. A.
Published: June 2021

The author considers time as a universal category of human cognition. Cultural identity is closely linked with the conceptual view of the world. On the example of phraseology in the Russian and Spanish are considered cultural and national peculiarities of perception of time.
Eleven Volumes of "the Great Victory"
Authors: Кharkevitsh M. V.
Published: June 2021

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Environment NGO Activity in the World Political Arena
Authors: Semenov O. Y.
Published: June 2021

The globalization of ecological and environmental problems in contemporary world politics defines a significant role of such issues in the agenda of both state and non-state international actors. Traditional diplomacy needs the assistance of NGOs related to environment and creating new mechanisms which could be able to respond to rapid ecological changes. The new role of environmental NGOs in world politics is clearly evident in rule- and standard-making as well as global governance issues.
MANUEL CASTELLS: THE IMPACT OF THE NETWORK SOCIETY ON THE NATURE OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATIONS
Authors: Bobova L. A.
Published: June 2021

The article deals with Manuel Castells’ theory of network society, corrected and updated according to the new events happened during the last 10 years. The author of the theory registers the major signals of the changing processes in the modern society, happening due to the expansion of networks in the age of technological innovations. Сhanges affected the global economy, finance, structure of labor, migration, the velocity , role and individual's perception of time. An unprecedented increase of urbanization in the world happened as well. The society became multiethnic. The network structure of the society leads to the uprise of a fundamentally new form of communication called mass selfcommunications. The launched process reduces the elitist role of the official issuer of information i.e. the information flows going vertically, and increases the importance of information published in open spaces on the Internet by individuals i.e. information flows going horizontally from individuals to individuals. New technologies let any individual create its own informational system using the Internet and mobile communication tools. Despite the appearance of mass self-communications in an atmosphere of high social instability, this form of communication turns up to be an effective tool in the matrix of social interaction in the Internet. An accelerated growth in number of mass self-communications’ users is being registered due to the revolutionary changes in the field of communication technologies which made wireless mobile communication devices able to stay connected to the Internet almost continuously. Wireless communication becomes the dominant form of communication in the world, being the fastest-spreading communication technology in history. In this regard the role and form of issue of information in mass-media changes. Synergy between mass-communication and all other forms of communication appeared. The result of this process is the emergence of a radically new culture of communication in modern society.
COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS IN SECOND LANGUAGE AQUISITION
Authors: Beliaevskaya E. G.
Published: June 2021

The paper sets out to prove that the influence of the learner’s first/second language on the acquisition and use of other languages may be minimized, and ultimately eliminated, if the process of language teaching and language learning centers on the conceptual structures underlying the semantics of language units. Such conceptual structures (the conceptual inner form) shaping the peculiarities of the mode of expression characteristic of the given language community determine the choice of words in the process of communication and word combinability; if applied in second language teaching and learning they help avoid subconscious translation from the learner’s first language into a second/third, thus bringing down the interfering effects.