bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of the genus Eupholidoptera (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae): different genitalia, uniform song
Authors: CIPLAK BATTAL , HELLER KLAUS-GERHARD , WILLEMSE FER
Published: July 2019

The bush cricket genus Eupholidoptera, distributed across the northern Mediterranean Basin from Southern France to Israel, is reviewed. An illustrated key for males is presented. Two new species are described: Eupholidoptera helina Çiplak sp. n. and Eupholidoptera kykladica Heller & Fer Willemse & Luc Willemse sp. n.. Four species are synonymised: Eupholidoptera raggei Salman with Eupholidoptera marashensis Salman, Eupholidoptera karatolosi Mofidi-Neyestanak & Quicke and Eupholidoptera kinzelbachi Harz with Eupholidoptera megastyla (Ramme) and Eupholidoptera mirzayani Mofidi-Neyestanak & Quicke is synonymised with Apholidoptera kurda (Uvarov). Based on the male genitalia two large species groups can be distinguished within Eupholidoptera: the Eupholidoptera chabrieri group with 20 species and the Eupholidoptera prasina group with 26 species. Data relating to the male calling song of 25 species are presented. Contrary to other genera of Pholidopterini male calling songs in Eupholidoptera are relatively invariable and consist of series of isolated syllables. Since morphology is variable and the calling songs are rather invariable, radiation within the genus is the result of divergence in genitalia.
The Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Ipassa Reserve (Makokou, Gabon)
Authors: GUILBERT ERIC , CHŁOND DOMINIK
Published: July 2019

In the frame of global and rapid inventories of biodiversity, a first inventory of the Reduviidae of the Ipassa Reserve in Makokou, Gabon is done, including recent field surveys as well as information from museum collections. A total of 42 species, including 27 newly recorded from Ipassa Reserve and 16 also newly recorded from Gabon, are listed. Their distributions, and a general discussion on the geographical distributions of the species, are discussed.
New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from interstitial freshwaters of India, with descriptions of three new species
Authors: PESIC VLADIMIR , REDDY YENUMULA RANGA
Published: July 2019

New records of six water mite species (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from interstitial waters of India are reported; three of them, viz. Atractides panesari, Albaxona indica and Axonopsis periyar are described as new to science. Atractides gracilis Jin, 1997 is replaced with Atractides jini nom. nov. Moreover, an additional description of the female of Atractides biscutatus Cook, 1967 is given.
On the genus Urytalpa Edwards (Diptera: Keroplatidae) in the Nordic and Nearctic regions, with fixation of a new type species and a key to world males
Authors: KJÆRANDSEN JOSTEIN , MARTINSSON SVANTE , HEDMARK KJELL , EVENHUIS NEAL L.
Published: July 2019

The five Nordic species of the genus Urytalpa Edwards (Diptera: Keroplatidae) are revised, of which one species, Urytalpa galdes Hedmark & Kjaerandsen, sp. n., is described as new to science based on males collected in northern Sweden. We find that the original type species assignment for Urytalpa (Platyura ochracea Meigen, 1818) is based on a misidentification, and in order to stabilize the nomenclature we therefore select a new type species, Urytalpa dorsalis (Staeger, 1840), sp. restit. A lectotype is designated for Orfelia ochracea (Meigen, 1818), comb. n. = Orfelia unicolor (Staeger, 1840), syn. n. The males of U. atriceps (Edwards, 1913), U. dorsalis, U. macrocera (Edwards, 1913) and U. trivittata (Lundström, 1914), and the females of U. dorsalis, U. macrocera and U. trivittata are described and illustrated based on Nordic material. As the first known Nearctic representative of Urytalpa, U. nigrita (Johannsen, 1910), comb. n., known from western USA (Washington) and Canada, is transferred from Pyrtaula to Urytalpa, illustrated and compared with the closely related U. rhapsodica Chandler, 1995 from central Europe. A key to all known males is provided. The generic limits of Urytalpa as presently understood are vague in relation to related genera and the genus is in need of a revision.
A new Amphisbaena with chevron-shaped anterior body annuli from state of Pernambuco: Brazil (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae)
Authors: MOTT TAMÍ , RODRIGUES MIGUEL TREFAUT , SANTOS EDNILZA MARANHÃO DOS
Published: July 2019

A new species of Amphisbaena is described from Fazenda Porto Seguro, municipality of Buique, state of Pernambuco, in the Caatingas of northeastern Brazil based on four specimens. The new species is a small and slender amphisbaenian with four precloacal pores, 333–337 body annuli, 22–23 tail annuli with discrete evidence of an autotomic site on the 10–12 tail annuli, and 14 dorsal and 17–18 ventral segments per annuli at midbody. The high number of body annuli, the presence of chevron-shaped anterior body annuli, and the fusion of frontal scales distinguish Amphisbaena supernumeraria sp. nov. from its congeners.
Talitrid amphipods from India, East Africa and the Red Sea (Amphipoda, Senticaudata, Talitroidea, Talitridae)
Authors: LOWRY J.K. , SPRINGTHORPE R.T.
Published: July 2019

Two new coastal talitrid genera are described, Austropacifica gen. nov., known from tropical Australia, Papua New Guinea and the south-western Pacific Ocean and Gazia gen. nov., ranging from East Africa to the Caribbean Sea. Two new species of coastal talitrids are described: Gazia gazi gen. nov., sp. nov. from Gazi Bay, Kenya and Talorchestia anakao sp. nov. from western Madagascar. The species known as Talorchestia affinis Maccagno, 1936 is redescribed and its distribution is extended from the western coast of the Red Sea to Kenya based on new collections. Talitrid generic and species level diversity in the Indo Pacific is discussed and a dichotomous key to all known species of Talorchestia is provided.
Delimitation and description of three new species of Himalopsyche (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) from the Hengduan Mountains, China
Authors: HJALMARSSON ANNA E.
Published: July 2019

Three new species of the genus Himalopsyche (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae) from the Hengduan Mountains in China are described. Species delimitation was based on diagnostic features of genitalia, as well as molecular data from six genes analysed using the multi-species coalescent method STACEY. Formal descriptions are focused on genital morphology. Males of Himalopsyche viteceki sp. nov. are most similar to those of H. alticola and H. martynovi, and females are most similar to those of H. tibetana and H. velata. Himalopsyche immodesta sp. nov. is described based on a single male specimen and it most resembles the males of H. viteceki. Males of H. velata sp. nov. are most similar to H. tibetana, and females are most similar to those of H. maxima and H. tibetana. Diagnostic characters are found on segment IX and the superior and inferior appendages of male genitalia, and most notably on segment VIII in female genitalia. The newly discovered species underline the Hengduan Mountains as a potential source of yet undiscovered aquatic biodiversity.
Horizontal Meandering as a Distinctive Feature of the Stable Boundary Layer
Authors: Mortarini L. , Cava D. , Giostra U. , Costa F. Denardin , Degrazia G. , Anfossi D. , Acevedo O.
Published: July 2019

Oscillations in the horizontal components of the wind velocity associated with oscillations in air temperature during low–wind speed episodes are ubiquitous in the stable boundary layer and are labeled as wind meandering. The meandering structure is recognizable by a clear negative lobe in the Eulerian autocorrelation functions of the horizontal wind velocity components and of the sonic temperature and by a corresponding peak at low frequency in the velocity components and temperature spectra. These distinctive features are used to isolate meandering occurrences and to study its properties in relation to the classical description of the planetary stable boundary layer. It is shown that the ratio of the variance of the wind velocity vertical component over the variance of the composite of the wind velocity horizontal components splits the frequency distribution of meandering and nonmeandering events and divides the nocturnal boundary layer in two different regimes characterized by different turbulent properties. The data comparison with a turbulence model based on Rotta return to isotropy showed that meandering and nonmeandering cases may have similar dynamics. This suggests that meandering may not be connected to a laminarization of the flow and shows that the Rotta scheme may still describe the energetic transfer between wind velocity components in the very stable boundary layer if the Rotta similarity constant c depends on the flux Richardson number. The data confirm a c value of 2.2 for Rif = 0 compatible with its conventional value. The analysis presented refers to one year of continuous measurements on 10 levels carried out at a coastal site in southeastern Brazil.
The Effect of Beta on the Downstream Development of Unstable, Chaotic Baroclinic Waves
Authors: Pedlosky Joseph
Published: July 2019

The weakly unstable, two-layer model of baroclinic instability is studied in a configuration in which the flow is perturbed at the inflow section of a channel by a slow and periodic perturbation. In a parameter regime where the governing equation would be the Lorenz equations for chaos if the development occurs only in time, the solution behavior becomes considerably more complex as a function of time and downstream coordinate. In the absence of the beta effect it has earlier been shown that the chaotic behavior along characteristics renders the solution nearly discontinuous in the slow downstream coordinate of the asymptotic model. The additional presence of the beta effect, although expunging the chaos for large enough values of the beta parameter, also provides an additional mechanism for abrupt spatial change.
How Do Inclusionary and Exclusionary Autocracies Affect Ordinary People?
Authors: Neundorf Anja , Gerschewski Johannes , Olar Roman-Gabriel
Published: July 2019

We propose a distinction between inclusionary and exclusionary autocratic ruling strategies and develop novel theoretical propositions on the legacy that these strategies leave on citizens’ political attitudes once the autocratic regime broke down. Using data of 1.3 million survey respondents from 71 countries and hierarchical age–period–cohort models, we estimate between and within cohort differences in citizens’ democratic support. We find that inclusionary regimes—with wider redistribution of socioeconomic and political benefits—leave a stronger antidemocratic legacy than exclusionary regimes on the political attitudes of their citizens. Similarly, citizens who were part of the winning group in an autocracy are more critical with democracy compared with citizens who were part of discriminated groups. This article contributes to our understanding about how autocracies affect the hearts and minds of ordinary citizens.
Greek university student’s attitudes and beliefs concerning mental illness and its treatment
Authors: Kaparounaki Chrysi K , Koraka Chrysoula A , Kotsi Eleni S , Ntziovara Anna-Maria P , Kyriakidis Gerasimos C , Fountoulakis Konstantinos N
Published: July 2019

Introduction:

Stigma concerning mental disorder is a widespread phenomenon concerning the beliefs and attitudes of the public toward mental patients with a significant negative impact on state policy and the outcome of the patients.

Material and methods:

The study included 1,363 students of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The survey was based on an Internet-based electronic platform. The statistical analysis included analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Yates corrected chi-square test.

Results:

Approximately, 87% of students responded that they know what mental disorder is, 70% were informed from the Internet, 30% consider mental patients responsible for their condition, more than 95% blame the way they were raised and almost 60% consider mental disorder to be heritable. Only a minority feel negatively with a mental patient around and close to 80% would socialize with them. More than 80% accept the need for psychiatric medication treatment but the opinion is split concerning compulsory treatment, and one-third consider medication to be harmful.

Discussion:

The results of this study suggest that most students believe they know much about mental illness; however, overall their responses are contradictory. They reply with confidence although they are informed mainly by the media and the Internet in an unreliable way. A number of factors including gender, specific school or personal experience of mental disorder in the family seem to influence the result. A combined educational plus contact might be necessary to reduce stigma, since education alone seems to exert a weak effect.
Restrictive Land Use Regulations and Economic Performance
Authors: Osman Taner
Published: July 2019

There is emerging evidence that restrictive land use practices can misallocate economic activity across space and generate significant costs for regional and national economies. Work in this area has considered how land use regulations affect the supply of housing within, and the efficient migration of workers among, regions. According to some estimates, by restricting migration to the most productive regions in the United States, land use regulations generate an annual cost to the economy of up to US$1.95 trillion or 13.6 percent of gross domestic product. Yet this focus on labor migration provides an insufficient framework for understanding how land use regulations can shape economic performance. First, current approaches minimize the costs that could arise if firms and industries are misallocated across space. Second, current work overlooks the costs that might arise if land use restrictions misallocate economic activity within regions. Land use regulations can generate significant costs when their administration is designed to maximize the welfare of individual communities rather than the economies of regions and nations. This article will evaluate current research into, and provide a more complete assessment of, the welfare costs associated with restrictive land use practices.
Evaluation of Labor Agency Strategy: The Case of a Strike at a South African Opencast Mine in 2012
Authors: Mashayamombe John
Published: July 2019

The South African mining sector has experienced labor conflicts characterized by militancy and violence. Militancy and violence was evident along South Africa’s platinum belt between 2012 and 2014. In the case of Huntington mine, about three hundred workers managed to pull a spectacular strike action when they captured mine equipment and threatened to destroy it if their demands were not met. Drawing together concepts of space, power, and agency, it is argued that the wildcat strike was a failure because power resources were not consolidated and used effectively. As a result, their demands were not met, and they lost their jobs at Huntington mine.
Psychological Well-Being of Coresiding Elderly Parents and Adult Children in China: Do Father–Child and Mother–Child Relationships Make a Difference?
Authors: Chen Jia , Jordan Lucy P.
Published: July 2019

Using the baseline wave (2010) of the China Family Panel Studies, this study conducted an investigation of the associations between intergenerational relationships and the psychological well-being of elderly parents and adult children based on 2,401 coresiding parent–child dyads. Parents receiving support from children in three to four life areas were more likely to have higher life satisfaction than parents with no upward support. Downward support in more life areas was associated with poorer psychological well-being for adult children. Good quality parent–child relationships were positively associated only with parents’ life satisfaction. This association was stronger for elderly mothers than for elderly fathers. No significant differences were found between father–child and mother–child relationships with regard to their implications for children’s psychological outcomes. This study highlights the importance of considering cultural sensitivity and parental gender roles when applying attachment theory to aging families.
Stress Proliferation? Precarity and Work–Family Conflict at the Intersection of Gender and Household Income
Authors: Fan Wen , Lam Jack , Moen Phyllis
Published: July 2019

We theorize a stress proliferation process whereby the stress of job precarity translates into the stress of work-to-family conflict (WFC). We test whether this process differs by gender and household income. Using four cross-sectional waves of the General Social Survey ( N = 2,340), we find a positive association between job insecurity and WFC for women but not men. Examined by household income levels, the association is found only for respondents in the lowest income tercile. Furthermore, gender intersects with household income to shape the stress proliferation process. While the insecurity–WFC relationship holds for women across all household income levels, for men this relationship shifts from positive for men in the lowest income tercile to negative for men in the highest income tercile. Our findings suggest that entrenched gendered expectations around work and family may lead women (regardless of household income) and lower-class men to be most vulnerable to stress proliferation.
Trito-Isaiah (Isaiah 56-66) and the gôlāh group of Ezra, Shecaniah, and Nehemiah (Ezra 7-Nehemiah 13): Is there a connection?
Authors: Blenkinsopp Joseph
Published: July 2019

This essay addresses the issue of a possible connection between Trito-Isaiah and Ezra-Nehemiah, in the sense of the former promoting or opposing the agenda of Ezra, Nehemiah, and the gôlāh group associated with them. The first stage is to determine the dating of the relevant texts. According to the biblical dating, the activity of Ezra and Nehemiah falls within the quarter-century 458–432 BC. Some of the more significant textual components of Trito-Isaiah—the communal lament of Isa 63:7-64:11, the anti-Edomite polemic in Isa 63:1-6, and especially the core section 60-62—are manifestly earlier. The most prominent themes in Isaiah 56-66—Zion and the Servants of the Lord—are absent from Ezra-Nehemiah. In Ezra 9:4 and 10:3, the hărēdim are dominant, while those of Isaiah 66:2,5 are a despised and rejected group, probably identical to the Servants of the Lord of Isa 65:8-16 and 66:14-16.
Why did God say no to David? (2 Samuel 7)
Authors: Goswell Gregory
Published: July 2019

The key to discovering why David wants to build a house for Yhwh, as well as the reason for the divine refusal, is to be found in a close reading of the opening verse of 2 Samuel 7. This verse is an example of free indirect discourse, namely, the picture of the king’s situation (in his house and at rest) is how David viewed the current state of affairs. On that basis, David considered that the time was ripe for such a project, for he was under the misapprehension that he had achieved rest from his enemies (v.1b), but God revealed through Nathan that the time of rest lay in the future (v.11a). Despite differences in wording, the identical explanation for God’s embargo on temple-building in the time of David is given in the three passages in 1 Kings and 1 Chronicles that broach the subject.
Chronicles and intertextuality in early rabbinic literature
Authors: French Blaire A
Published: July 2019

The call to read Chronicles ‘midrashically’ in Leviticus Rabbah 1.3 and Ruth Rabbah 2.1 challenges the contemporary understanding of intertextuality in the early Rabbis’ interpretation of Scripture. David Stern, James Kugel, and others claim that the sages considered each word of the Bible to be equal, regardless of who wrote it or when. The Rabbis’ insistence, however, that Chronicles receive special treatment contradicts this assertion. This article argues that Chronicles’ late date of composition had a dual effect. On the one hand, Chronicles’ lateness reduced its authority and led the Rabbis to give greater weight to the words of the Primary History in their intertextual readings. On the other hand, Chronicles’ retelling of the past provided a biblical warrant for the Rabbis’ own reshaping of tradition.
Hailing the divine: Inducement motifs in the psalms and Levantine inscriptions
Authors: Sumner Stephen T
Published: July 2019

The psalms employ various motifs to induce divine favor, the principal categories of which are praise, protest, and piety. The inducing quality of these rhetorical devices is most easily discerned in petitionary contexts, where their implementation increased the efficacy of the petition. These exhibit considerable overlap with those attested in the ancient Levantine inscriptions, helping us discern the religious utility of the motifs. More importantly, the same motifs that occur in the 77 psalms of petition also appear with regularity in the 73 psalms that lack one. Considering the religious and literary matrix of psalmic production, the evidence suggests that, where these inducement motifs were employed, they sought to obtain divine favor, even in the absence of a petition.
The measurement, estimation and monitoring of soil erosion by runoff at the field scale: Challenges and possibilities with particular reference to Britain
Authors: Boardman John , Evans Robert
Published: July 2019

Soil erosion is widely acknowledged as a global problem but attempts to measure and estimate its significance are frustrated by our inability to develop reliable, cheap and easy methods of assessment. The limitations of qualitative methods such as GLASOD, errors and inaccuracies inherent in modelling based on small-scale plot experiments, and problems with 137Cs approaches, mean that alternative strategies are required. For runoff-related erosion on arable land we propose the use of a well-tried estimation technique: volumetric measurement of rills, gullies and fans. Amounts of wash and interrill erosion can also be estimated. This approach allows for the estimation of erosion rates at the field scale, rather than relying on extrapolations from plot-based data. Measurements are based on sampling the population of rills and gullies and can be adapted to the aims of the project for ‘broad-brush’ or detailed data. Monitoring of large areas to produce regional assessments of erosion risk is frequently required and volumetric estimates provide these data. Thus predictions of the extent, frequency and amounts of erosion can be made and the vulnerability of particular crops becomes clear.
Cannabinoids induce latent sensitization in a preclinical model of medication overuse headache
Authors: Kopruszinski Caroline M , Navratilova Edita , Vagnerova Barbora , Swiokla Juliana , Patwardhan Amol , Dodick David , Porreca Frank
Published: July 2019

Aim

Evaluation of cannabinoid receptor agonists in a preclinical model of medication overuse headache.

Methods

Female Sprague Dawley rats received graded intraperitoneal doses of WIN55,212-2 or Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-9-THC). Antinociception (tail-flick test), catalepsy and hypomotility (open field test) and impairment of motor function (rotarod test) were assessed to establish effective dosing. Rats were then treated twice daily with equianalgesic doses of WIN55,212-2 or Δ-9-THC, or vehicle, for 7 days and cutaneous tactile sensory thresholds were evaluated during and three weeks following drug discontinuation. Rats then received a one-hour period of bright light stress (BLS) on two consecutive days and tactile sensory thresholds were re-assessed.

Results

WIN55,212-2 and Δ-9-THC produced antinociception as well as hypomotility, catalepsy and motor impairment. Repeated administration of WIN55,212-2 and Δ-9-THC induced generalized periorbital and hindpaw allodynia that resolved within 3 weeks after discontinuation of drug. Two episodes of BLS produced delayed and long-lasting periorbital and hindpaw allodynia selectively in rats previously treated with WIN55,212-2, and Δ-9-THC.

Interpretation

Cannabinoid receptor agonists including Δ-9-THC produce a state of latent sensitization characterized by increased sensitivity to stress, a presumed migraine trigger. Overuse of cannabinoids including cannabis may increase the risk of medication overuse headache in vulnerable individuals.
Improved sexual function in hemodialysis patients using recombinant erythropoietin
Authors: Fiordelise S. , Tronci A. , Rovereto B. , Poisetti P.G.
Published: July 2019

The improvement of sexual function in dialysis patients undergoing treatment with recombinant erythropoietin r-HuEPO appears to be due to several factors. The correction of anemia with its concomitant amelioration of physical and emotional well-being plays a fundamental role in these patients.
Light and shade with regard to prostatic screening: Critical review of our experience
Authors: Aimè G. , Iannicelli P. , Rosa A. , Pagani G.
Published: July 2019

The authors give their 2-year results of a screening programme for the early diagnosis of prostatic cancer. 2723 patients, ranging in age from 45 to 93 years old, have been examined. All men, whose digital rectal examination gave rise to the slightest suspicion of a lesion, were re-examined by TRUS and serum markers. Results have convinced the authors to be sceptical about the clinical utility of this type of prevention.
Transrectal lasertheraphy of chronic phlogosis
Authors: Gianneo E. , Conti G. , Fumagalli L. , Comeri G.C.
Published: July 2019

Lasertherapy by means of high energy infrared laser generators at 904 nM with short and high frequency pulses (3,000 Hz and more) and mean power of 12 mW proved to be a good antiinflammatory and analgesic agent. 43 patients affected by prostatic inflammation underwent a cycle of transrectal lasertherapy and the authors evaluated the symptomatology, uroflowmetry and echographic pattern modifications. 5/8 patients affected by prostatic adenoma inflammation had a significant improvement from the subjective and clinical point of view; 3 patients with acute bacterial prostatitis had a complete resolution. 2/2 patients with “prostatism” had an important subjective improvement. 14/17 patients with chlamydia-related prostatitis had a complete resolution. 11/11 with non-bacterial chronic prostatitis had a subjective improvement. The reliability of the transrectal lasertherapy as well as its low cost and the quite good outcomes obtained prove to be effective enough to go on with this treatment in order to achieve statistically significant results with a higher percentage of patients and over a longer term.
ATIII and pulmonary embolism in the post prostatectomy
Authors: Pognani C. , Gialdi D. , Bonatti A.M. , Bondavalli C. , Pegoraro C.
Published: July 2019

The variation in ATIII activity in the post prostatectomy period is examined by the Authors and is correlated with pulmonary embolism. Type of anaesthesia, blood transfusion and modality of blood transfusion (autotransfusion V/S homologous transfusion) were the parameters considered. In the post surgery period, the ATIII level decreases and afterwards slowly recovers. ATIII variations were similar in both auto transfused and non-transfused patients. The ATIII level decreased more in transfused patients than in those auto or not transfused. Other factors lowering the ATIII level were suprapubic prostatectomy and loco-regional anaesthesia; TURP or general anaesthesia were less influential. In the patients with pulmonary embolism ATIII activity decreased to below 70%. The Authors correlate these data with the risk of embolism.
Semi conductor lasers in the treatment of benign prostate pathologies
Authors: Strada G. , Longoni E. , Musci R. , Favini P. , Andre M. , Baccalin A.
Published: July 2019

Treatment of benign prostate pathology often has no effect on the symptomatology of the patient. For this reason we used an infrared laser ray, of which the biophysical effects on tissue are well noted: stimulation of lymphatic drainage, pain reduction, microcirculation, trophism and tissue elasticity increase. The laser was used on the prostate via an endorectal probe that gave compactness and orthogonality to the ray that is transmitted along 5 optic fibres. Between January 1991 and January 1992 we treated, following a rigorous enforcement of the requirements of the inclusion protocol, 80 patients with ages ranging from 25 to 77 years. Of these 40 suffered from abacterial chronic prostatitis (ACP), and 40 from early symptomatic benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) with a prostate diameter of < 4 cm. The preliminary results (with a 3 month follow-up) were satisfactory especially regarding the subjective symptomatology: BPH 75%; ACP 85%. The advantages of this method are: good results in selected cases (follow-up still limited), complete harmlessness, high tolerability, possibility of repeating the treatment, excellent cost-benefit ratio. The limitations are: exclusion from the protocol of neurologic bladders, bladder stones, median lobe of the prostate and the progressive loss of efficiency with the growth of the prostatic diameter.
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. Personal experience
Authors: Valerio S. , Fornasiero G.F. , Antoniazzi G. , Petterle V. , Bassi E.
Published: July 2019

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a particular form of renal infection that frequently mimics a neoplastic disease and other inflammatory diseases. The Authors present their experience with three cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and discuss the clinical and pathological features.
Biological behaviour of the bowel mucose in bladder substitution using stapler devices: A two years experience
Authors: Muto G. , Moroni M. , Ollino M. , Bozzo R.
Published: July 2019

The largest use of mechanical sutures in urological surgery for their undoubt advantages has pointed out some particular problems about the behavior of the intestinal wall at the level of the mechanical anastomosis. The Authors report a study performed on 45 urinary diversion (including 12 orthotopic ileal bladders). Histological and biological studies on intestinal repair and epitelization show how the neoformed mucosa overlaps the steel stitches, putting them far from the urine. In this way their potency to favour the growth of urinary stoned is very low. At least, the particular shape and disposition of the stitches shooted by GIA stapling devices makes the suture stronger and better vascularized than those performed manually with adsorbable materials.
Supernumerary kidney
Authors: Dall'Oglio B. , Bondavalli C. , Pegoraro C. , Schiavon L. , Luciano M. , Parma A.
Published: July 2019

The authors report the case of a supernumerary kidney with pelvic ectopy in a 22-year-old man complaining of dysuria with leukocyturia and sterile urine. Urography, ultrasonography, C.T. and endoscopic probe revealed a small, supernumerary kidney in the left side of the pelvis between the bladder and the seminal vesicles with short ureter ending in ureterocele. Symptoms cleared up thanks to the quick pharmacological treatment so that no further ureterocele endoscopic probe was considered necessary, to avoid submitting the patient to the risk of secondary vesicles ureteral reflux and subsequent sepsis requiring difficult nephroureterectomy.
Autotransfusion in prostatic hypertrophy surgery
Authors: Gialdi D. , Pognani C. , Sgarbi L. , Pegoraro C. , Bondavalli C.
Published: July 2019

The variation of perioperative and postoperative hemochromocytometric parameters in patients who have undergone suprapubic prostatectomy and TURP due to prostatic hypertrophy, according to the type of transfusion (autotransfused and non-autotransfused patients: patients with both autologous and homologous transfusion; patients with homologous transfusion only), have been examined by the authors in their survey. Autotransfusion maintained hemochromocytometric parameters within safety limits without any homologous transfusion thus confirming literature data. In all the groups, a remarkable decrease in hematocrit, hemoglobin and red cells has been reported. No remarkable differences between autotransfused patients and patients without transfusion have been reported. Differences are significant in the group of patients with homologous transfusion. In autotransfused patients decrease in platelets is notable. In this way, hematic viscosity and relevant decrease of the thrombo-embolic risk is demonstrated.
A prospective study by computerized card of hyperthernia treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Schiavone D. , Bianchi G. , Curti P. , Malossini G. , Tallarigo G. , Comunale L.
Published: July 2019

The value of hyperthermia for benign prostatic hyperplasia can be ascertained only in a prospective trial. We prepared a card to file, by computer, data concerning such a trial. The card contains data regarding the clinical story, the prostatic pathology, the treatment and the results of the treatment. Such filing system will allow a the preliminary results of the treatment to be analyzed and the design of the trial to be changed, if necessary.
Psycho-social effects of radical surgery
Authors: Borsa R. , Ambruoso A. , Piras D. , Governa M. , Fontana G.
Published: July 2019

The following factors influence adaptation to neoplastic disease: ability to face stress; possibility of human support; feeling of being adequately treated. If the sum of these factors is negative, there will be a refusal of both the disease and the therapeutic treatment. In our Department an oncological patient, who must undergo radical surgery, leading to an eventual impairment of sexual activity and/or a change in the appearance of the body, is evaluated not only by the urologist but also by psychiatrists and psychologists. We refer to cases of patients who underwent urinary diversions (Carney II, Bricker, UCS), radical prostatectomies and operations for other types of tumours. We found the following to be fundamental: pre-operative talk with patients who have already undergone the same type of operation; explanation of operational methods, aims and possible complications, leaving no room for the patient's imagination and thus avoiding two elements which prevent post-operative recovery and adaptation - passivity and negativism.
Sternum resection and nephrectomy together in renal carcinoma with solitary sternal metastasis
Authors: Franzini M. , Liera G.L. , Puviani P.P. , Mariani L. , Monica B.
Published: July 2019

The role of surgery and adjuvant therapy in renal tumors with metastasis is considered purely palliative. However, in cases of solitary metastasis, an aggressive surgical approach is justified by results reported in current literature, in terms of survival rate and quality of life. In bone metastasis there are additional functional problems related to the site of the lesion and to the extend of the excision. In the reported case, the tumor became evident with a serious compressive cervical-mediastinal simptomatology, due to a solitary sternal metastasis, that was resected along with the primary renal tumor.
Adjuvant therapy with alpha-interferon in radically resected stage Il and III renal cell carcinoma
Authors:   The MARS Group, Lombardo Urologico
Published: July 2019

In February 1990, a multicentric randomized study was started to verify the therapeutic efficacy of adjuvant alpha-interferon in Robson's stage II and III renal cell carcinoma. Up to April 1992, 749 radical nephrectomies have been recorded by the 25 participating centers. Stage II and III patients fullfilling selection criteria were 124: 64 were assigned to Interferon therapy and 60 to control. The short follow-up does not allow any evaluation of the relapse rate. Therapy related toxicity was represented by mild fever and flu-like syndrome in 50% of cases and slight leucopenia in 5%. The recruitment of the first 200 randomized patients will end approximately within 1 year. While evaluating the hypothesis of a 20% difference in the 5 year disease-free survival between the two groups recruitment will continue up to a total of 350 cases, in order to verify the 15% hypothesis, too.
Leydig cell tumors: Prognostic factors
Authors: Casagrande R. , Di Tonno F. , Capizzi G. , Costa G. , Artibani W. , Lavelli D.
Published: July 2019

Leydig Cell Tumors (LCT) are uncommon testicular neoplasms that account for 1 to 3% of all testicular tumors. Only about 10% of LCT are malignant and generally refractory to radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, there is some debate about the value of Retroperitoneal Lymphadenectomy (RPLND) in Stage I disease. Indeed, although surgery is the only available therapy which is able to cure and prevent tumor spread, RPLND is a challenging invasive surgery and may be useless in 90% of the cases. The Authors observed 5 cases of patients in clinical Stage I disease with benign behaviour demonstrated after an adequate follow-up. Pathological analysis showed absence of signs of malignancy. Starting from these experiences, it is suggested that RPLND may be avoided in selected cases when definite pathological signs of malignancy are absent.
Stones in horseshoe kidney treated by ESWL
Authors: Cavalleri S. , Curti P. , D'Amico A. , Malossini G. , Baldassarre R. , Schiavone D. , Bianchi G.
Published: July 2019

In this report the Authors present their experience regarding 11 patients (in all 12 renal units) with stones in horseshoe kidney treated by ESWL. Horseshoe kidney is a frequent malformation that in about one out of five cases is complicated by lithiasis with a marked tendency to recurrence. In these cases, because of anomalous seat, rotation and vascularization, percutaneous lithotripsy appears to be dangerous. 66.6% of treated renal units were stone-free after one or more treatments (maximum 3). The lithotriptor was a Dornier MFL 5000. On the basis of these data ESWL represents the treatment of choice for stones with dimensions less than 25 mm in horseshoe kidney.
PCNL debulking: Our experience
Authors: Ruoppolo M. , Tombolini P. , Bellorofonte C. , Beleggia F. , Zaatar C. , Ferri P.M. , Dell'Acqua S. , Tagliaferri A.
Published: July 2019

Percutaneous debulking and subsequent ESWL treatment has proved a successful approach to complex stones. Out of 232 patients treated with PCNL from March 1984 to March 1992, 102 (45%) were managed by PCNL debulking and ESWL or EPL (Extracorporeal piezoelectric lithotripsy). Recently (Zingonia period 1988–1992) only 21 patients with bulky or staghorn stones were treated by combination therapy. In our series, there were 1.3 sessions of PCNL and 1.8 sessions of ESWL for each patient. We report a high frequency of retained stone fragments (45% at 3 months follow-up). Out of 21, 3 patients underwent further ESWL procedures because the fragments were conglobed. No complications occurred in present series. In the one case we observed a rise in serum creatinine. In our opinion debulking PCNL and ESWL is the treatment of choice in the following cases: burden pyelitic stones, staghorn stones larger than 3 cm. and smaller than 5 cm., partial staghorn filling renal pelvis and 1 calyx; short length of calyces; pyelitic portion exceeding caliceal mass; infected stones in working kidney, stone in solitary kidney larger than 2 cm and hard; previous surgery.
Transrectal ultrasound in prostatic malacoplakia: Description of 2 cases
Authors: Poletti F. , Zivieri M. , Monica B. , Cortellini P. , Simonazzi M. , Larosa M.
Published: July 2019

Clinically, it is difficult to distinguish prostatic malacoplakia from carcinoma. Two cases of prostatic malacoplakia are described, highlighting the ultrasound aspects of the lesion.
Ureteral multiple diverticulosis associateci with cystic ureteritis. Etiopathogenetic hypothesis
Authors: Comunale L , Baldassarre R. , Monaco C. , Carluccio G. , Poletti G. , Schiavone D.
Published: July 2019

Ureteral diverticulosis is an uncommon pathology whose etiopathogenesis is not clear yet. The most reliable etiopathogenetic hypothesis for multiple diverticuli is the inflammatory one. We report a case of ureteral multiple diverticulosis associated with cystic ureteritis: it can be supposed that both pathologies were caused by a common inflammatory stimulus. We submitted the patient to follow-up by urinalysis, urinary citology and urography. At present the appearance of the ureteral lesions is unchanged.
Fistula between the common iliac artery and the left ureter
Authors: Acanfora F. , Conti P.G. , Genesi D. , Morteo G. , Sereno F. , Fonio P. , Gandini G.
Published: July 2019

We report the history of a patient with ureteroileocutaneous-stomy who developed stenosis of both ureteroileal anastomoses after one year from cystectomy for urothelial cancer. The strictures were managed by percutaneous dilatation with an angioplasty baioon catheter. The double J catheters were left in place across the stenosis for three months, then the left stent was removed. Afterwards the patient presented a fistula between the common iliac artery and the left ureter, and he underwent conservative surgery. We discuss the possible etiopathogenesis and the management of this rare pathology.
Azoospermia in XX male
Authors: Montagna S. , Zacchè G. , Bondavalli C.
Published: July 2019

The Authors report a case of azoospermia in a young adult who, though phenotypically a male, was a carrier of karyotype 46 XX. It is a rare case and is due to the precocious migration of fragment Y which produces testis differentiation on chromosome X. These sexual differentiation anomalies produce no genital ambiguity because the process takes place in the very early phase of the sexual differentiation process.
Early interstitial cystitis
Authors: Turci A. , Bruschi D. , Martinelli A.
Published: July 2019

Interstitial cystitis can often be the cause of persistent sine materia irritative voiding synptoms. The Authors report their experience in diagnosis and therapy of this rare and invalidating pathology, showing typical endoscopic and histopathological features. Cystoscopic features, although defined non-typical, are very characteristic because of quick appearance of glomerulus, multiple petechial hemorrhages of the mucosa during bladder distension at also mild hydrostatic pressure. Histopathological features in interstitial cystitis, also if nonspecific, are very important, both to exclude neoplastic or specific inflammatory lesions, and for the exact inflammatory definition of the bladder wall. Mastocytosis in the bladder muscular layer (> 28/mmq) is typical of IC, but to consider lower concentrations is also important, together with remaining histological findings, in order to give exact therapy and follow-up to this disease that affects the quality of life.
Severe obstruction by Von Brunn cysts
Authors: Bondavalli C. , Pegoraro C. , Schiavon L. , Dall'Oglio B. , Luciano M. , Parma A.
Published: July 2019

The authors present a case of severe cervico-urethral obstruction by Von Brunn cysts. These cysts are often found even in macroscopically healthy bladders, but only rarely reach such a size as to be revealed by ultrasound. They can be asymptomatic or cause obstruction if large. They are no longer considered preneoplastic lesions and are therefore treated according to symptoms. When these cysts cause dysuria they are removed, preferably by transurethral resection, as it is the only method (unlike needle aspiration) which prevents recurrence.
Surgical treatment of ureterocele in the adult
Authors: Soli M. , D'Amato G. , Frigola M. , Bertaccini A. , Irianni G. , Cortecchia V. , Brunocilla E. , Zaganelli S.
Published: July 2019

A ureterocele is a congenital cystic ballooning of the terminal submucosal ureter. Simple orthotopic ureterocele represents about 30% of all ureteroceles and occurs primarily in adult males. Ectopic ureterocele represents about 70% of all ureteroceles, occuring mainly in female children with a left predominance. Ten per cent are bilateral. From 1970 to 1991 we observed 15 patients (11 females, 4 males) with ureteroceles. We preferred the surgical approach for treating ureteroceles in all patients. Only 1 patient treated in this manner had a subsequent reflux.
Personal experience in removal of kidney for transplant from a corpse
Authors: Pozza D. , Invernizzi S. , Locatelli G. , Longo G. , Cappoli S.
Published: July 2019

The authors report their experience in the removal of organs from corpses. 120 donors with brain death supplied 199 kidneys, 80 corneas, 20 hearts, 11 livers, 4 pancreases. In 30 cases more than one organ was removed. The difference in technique for removing single kidneys and for removing several organs is described. The incidence of vascular anomalies and malformations (arterial and venous) is discussed, concluding that the technique of removal en bloc with aortocaval patch is best for preserving the vascularisation and consequently for a successful transplant.
Modified urethropexy for the correction of stress incontinence
Authors: Orlando G. , Bianchessi I. , Speroni A. , Marandola P.
Published: July 2019

We present a surgical technique for the correction of stress incontinence. In our opinion, the technique is simple, devoid of complications and adequate for the purpose. We have treated seven patients with pure stress incontinence and two patients with associated bladder instability. At follow-up all the patients are well and without any urinary symptoms.
Mass screening for prostatic carcinoma and therapeutic options
Authors: Minari R. , Cantoni C. , Pieri I. , Sacchini P. , Prati A. , Savino A. , Potenzoni D.
Published: July 2019

In western countries, prostatic carcinoma is the most frequent neoplasia in the male sex after pulmonary neoplasia. Its early diagnosis is very important. The authors report the results of a screening for prostatic carcinoma effected in some municipalities of the district of Parma (Italy); 28 prostatic carcinomas were diagnosed (1.2% of the examined patients). Twelve patients were submitted to radical nerve-sparing prostatectomy according to Walsh. In all of them, PSA values decreased to values < 1 ngr/ml, confirming the radicality of the operation and few complications occurred. The conclusion of the authors is that nowadays timely radical prostatectomy is the only “definitive” treatment of prostatic carcinoma, allowing a better quality of life, however long it is.
Valore prognostico della ploidia cellulare nel carcinoma della prostata
Authors: Rizzi C
Published: July 2019

Clinical and pathological staging and histological grading do not always have sufficient value to predict the behaviour of prostatic carcinoma after prostatectomy. Many studies have suggested that DNA ploidy can provide additional prognostic information. DNA ploidy was determined by flow cytometry on paraffin-embedded tissue from 44 radical prostatectomies for carcinoma. The percentage of aneuploid tumours was higher among poorly differentiated neoplasms, in advanced stage and in cases with progression of disease, also considering the same stage and grade. DNA ploidy can represent a significant prognostic parameter in the post-operative evaluation of patients with prostatic carcinoma.
Terapia riabilitativa perineale nel post partum
Authors: Pennisi M. , Pepe P. , Panella P. , Leanza F. Grasso
Published: July 2019

Pregnancies and childbirth undoubtedly contribute to weakening the pelvic floor with consequent genito-urinary prolapses. The authors report the results of a protocol for the functional recovery of the perineum following childbirth.
Calcolosi vescicale gigante
Authors: Pirritano D. , Falvo F. , Spasari A. , De Pasquale M. , Talarico B. , Lanza T. , Ventrice G. A. , Martino L.F. , Lanza P.
Published: July 2019

The authors report their experience in 10 cases of giant calculosis of the bladder. Their formation secondary to obstructive cervico-urethral pathology is highlighted and treatment of the latter remains of prime importance.
Cronache Congressuali - Congress Reports: 44° Convegno della Società degli Urologi del Nord Italia
Authors: Berra Sandro
Published: July 2019

Si è svolto a Loano, Presidente il Prof. Paolo Puppo, Primario della Divisione di Urologia dell'Ospedale Santa Corona di Pietra Ligure, Copresidente il Prof. Giorgio Carmignani, Direttore della Clinica Urologica Luciano Giuliani di Genova, nei giorni 5-6-7 ottobre 1995.