bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Analgesic Effects of Different Doses of Vitamin D3 in Two Animal Models of Pain in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Dhorajiwala Shakeeb Siraj , Nerurkar Rajan P. , Singh Kanchan R.
Published: December 2024

Background and Objective:

Pain is the most common symptom compelling an individual to seek medical attention. The use of Vitamin D3 for nociceptive and inflammatory pain is highly debated. Therefore, this study was undertaken to compare three daily doses (15/30/60 μg/kg) and a single high dose of Vitamin D3 (260 μg/kg) to standard drugs, namely tramadol and diclofenac in two most resorted pain-models in mice.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-six Swiss-albino mice were divided into six groups of six mice each. The experiment was conducted using hot plate and writhing test. Same groups of mice were reused after suitable wash-out period. Groups were dosed with 0.25% carboxymethyl-cellulose (negative-control), a positive-control (tramadol for hot-plate and diclofenac for writhing-test). Injection Vitamin D3 was given in three daily doses of 15/30/60 μg/kg. Single dose of 260 μg/kg of Vitamin D3 was also tested. Latency period (LP), percent of maximal-possible-antinociceptive-effect (%MPE), mean number and percentage inhibition of writhes were the parameters evaluated to compare analgesic effect. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA)/Kruskal–Wallis/Friedman’s-ANOVA, and repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett’s tests.

Results:

In hot-plate method, 60 and 260 μg/kg of Vitamin D3 raised mean LP when compared to baseline and negative control and all groups recorded higher percentage MPE values when compared to negative control. In writhing test, 15-, 30-, and 60 μg/kg/day showed analgesic effect in comparison to negative control. However, 15 and 30 μ/kg/day of Vitamin D3 contradicted its responses when assessed through different parameter.

Interpretation and Conclusion:

In hot-plate test, 60 and 260 μg/kg of Vitamin D3 showed significant analgesic effect; however, effects were not superior to tramadol. In writhing test, 15-, 30-, and 60 μg/kg/day showed significant analgesic effect which were not superior to diclofenac. Surprisingly, 15 and 30 μ/kg, on instances exhibited irritant effects.
Platelet-rich Plasma Therapy as a Treatment for Unilateral Foot Pain in a Child
Authors: Sharma Aanchal , Bhalla Akhil , Bohra Ishwar
Published: December 2024

Lateral sprains have been commonly seen in ankle injuries and have been the leading cause of chronic pain, disability, and posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis. Other than conventional conservative measures, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has gained a lot of success in achieving complete healing along with pain relief and improvement in functional outcomes. Its use in the pediatric population has also shown promising results. Here, we report the case of a 12-year-old child who had a partial tear of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and had tried conservative measures for 2 years with no relief. The pain continued to worsen limiting any sports activities. We performed two PRP injections in ATFL 4 weeks apart under direct visualization of ultrasonography. This case report adds to the current evidence of the beneficial effects of PRP on old ligament injury and its utility in the pediatric population.
The Role of CT Guidance in T2–T3 Sympathetic Block: Overindulgence or Essential Safety Measure?
Authors: Godase Kanchan , Page Nivedita , Bangar Kashinath , Gaikwad Charusheela
Published: December 2024

Pain management is crucial in health care, especially in India where chronic pain affects millions of individuals. This case report discusses a rural woman with left finger gangrene unresponsive to medical management. She was planned for computed tomography (CT)- guided T2–T3 sympathetic block but was deferred due to incidental finding of pericardial effusion. Further evaluation revealed that she had systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She was subsequently managed with an ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block. This case outlines the importance of thorough preprocedural evaluation and highlights the advantages of CT guidance in preventing complications and facilitating proper intervention.
Intercostal Nerve Block in Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Lessons Learned
Authors: Mathur Rhythm , Paliwal Bharat , Kamal Manoj , Bhatia Pradeep Kumar
Published: December 2024

Pneumothorax is a rare but potentially serious iatrogenic complication of intercostal nerve block. This case report emphasizes the importance of imaging guidance and careful patient assessment to mitigate complications in high-risk individuals undergoing intercostal nerve block. An elderly male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and undergoing chemotherapy for mediastinal metastasis of small-cell liver carcinoma developed severe postherpetic neuralgia resistant to pharmacological therapy. An ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block was performed which resulted in a pneumothorax, subsequently managed with an intercostal drain.
Chiari Malformation 1 with Syrinx? Do We Need to Fix It – Our Institutional Experience
Authors: Saranraj M. K. , Giridharan K. , Nathan G. Sudhakshina , Jacob Adrian Jamesraj , Mangaleswaran Balamurugan
Published: December 2024

Background:

Chiari malformation (CM) is a spectrum of disorders associated with impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation through the foramen magnum, often presenting with syringomyelia (SM). While foramen magnum decompression (FMD) is the widely accepted treatment, the role of C1-C2 fixation remains underexplored.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the regression of syrinx and clinical outcomes in patients with CM undergoing FMD alone versus FMD combined with C1-C2 fixation.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 48 patients diagnosed with CM-1 and syringomyelia treated at our institution from January 2012 to January 2020. Patients were grouped based on surgical intervention: FMD alone (with or without duraplasty) or FMD + C1-C2 fixation. Outcomes were assessed using postoperative imaging and the Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS).

Results:

FMD alone led to >50% syrinx regression in 74.3% of patients without duraplasty and 84.3% with duraplasty, averaging 8 months. FMD + C1-C2 fixation demonstrated >75% regression in 85.7% of cases within 2 months. Faster recovery and significant syrinx resolution were noted in the fixation group.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that FMD + C1-C2 fixation may offer faster syrinx regression and clinical recovery in isolated CM-1 cases, questioning the routine need for duraplasty. Further studies are needed to validate these results.
Surgical Strategy for Type II Long Segment Giant Spinal Schwannomas – Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Sridhar Krish , Sridhar Ashwin
Published: December 2024

Background:

Schwannomas have been classified according to their size, extent, and invasiveness. The type II giant intraspinal schwannomas (T2GSS) which extend for more than two vertebral bodies longitudinally are rare tumors. The challenge in surgery is the length of these lesions.

Objective:

The author critically reviewed literature with a view to decide on an ideal surgical strategy for these tumors.

Material and Methods:

A retrospective study was performed of the authors’ cases to identify those which qualified to be T2GSS. An online search was conducted to identify previously published cases in English literature. These were then analyzed especially for surgical approach and results.

Results:

Four cases from the author and 13 cases from the literature formed the basis of the study. The majority involved the cervical spine (15/17). In 4 patients, the lesion extended into the foramen magnum. The average length of the tumors was 6.5 (range 4–13), with 9 tumors located anteriorly. The approaches used included laminectomy – 5/17, laminoplasty – 4/17, hemilaminectomy – 2/17, and anterior corpectomy – 2/17. The author used a unilateral minimal laminotomy in 4 patients. There were no intraoperative complications recorded. Postoperative morbidity included pseudomeningocele, residual tumor, and swan neck deformity.

Conclusions:

The T2GSS is a rare tumor with this report being the first case series. The surgery for these tumors needs to take into account their longitudinal extent to avoid complications related to laminectomy. A unilateral posterior approach with minimal bone removal appears to be the appropriate strategy to be adopted along with good microsurgical techniques.
Acute Septic Arthritis of the Knee in a Young Cachexic Female with Chronic Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Vaishnavi V. , Mothilal J. , Rao Vavilala Abhilash
Published: December 2024

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic multisystem autoimmune condition although with an ambiguously perceived etiopathogenesis, is believed to be an amalgam of multiple internal and external factors. It has a heterogeneous spectrum of clinical manifestations and organ involvement, which sometimes include debilitating conditions of musculoskeletal involvement. The intricacies involved like the disease and its management make surgical management challenging. This is a case report of a 28-year-old young cachexic female with chronic SLE who presented with a 10-day history of fever and left knee swelling, with joint aspiration findings consistent with infection, along with severe anemia and thrombocytopenia managed with arthrotomy and subtotal synovectomy, who later went on to develop postoperative wound complications which were managed by debridement and antibiotics alongside managing her SLE. Recovery was complete, and there was no recurrence at 6 months and 1-year follow-ups. This case highlights the importance of having a high degree of suspicion of septic arthritis in immunocompromised patients such as those with SLE as it can cause rapid joint destruction and stiffness and can even lead to sepsis. It requires a delicate balance between infection management and immunomodulation under the constant supervision of a rheumatologist. Prompt use of suitable antibiotics and surgical procedures, coupled with collaborative management efforts and efficient communication between orthopedic surgeons and rheumatologists, significantly enhance positive outcomes and decrease postoperative complications.
Aerobic and Wingate anaerobic capacities, range of motion and muscular performance of adolescent Malaysian male volleyball and sepak takraw players
Authors: Hidzir Haziaty Md. , Ooi Foong Kiew , Chen Chee Keong , Jawis Mohd Nidzam Mat , Asri Siti Nur Farhana , Abidin Muhammad Amrun Haziq , Samsudin Norsuriani
Published: December 2024

Background:

The present study examined the differences in aerobic and anaerobic capacities, range of motion (ROM) and muscular performance among adolescent Malaysian male volleyball players, sepak takraw players and sedentary controls.

Methods:

Thirty adolescent Malaysian males (mean age: 14.2 [1.3] years) participated in this study. They were divided into three groups: sedentary control, volleyball and sepak takraw groups with 10 participants per group. The tests conducted were 20-m shuttle run, Wingate anaerobic, ROM, hand grip strength, back and leg strength, standing long jump and vertical jump tests. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni test.

Results:

Anaerobic capacity and hand grip strength were significantly higher in the volleyball group compared to the sepak takraw group. Sepak takraw group showed a significantly higher ROM in trunk extension and flexion than the volleyball group. Compared to the sedentary control group, the volleyball group showed significantly greater values in anthropometric measurements, estimated VO2max, anaerobic capacities, ROM during knee extension and muscular performance parameters. Meanwhile, the sepak takraw group demonstrated statistically significant higher values in aerobic capacity, ROM during knee extension, trunk flexion and extension and leg explosive power compared to the sedentary control group.

Conclusions:

Involvement in volleyball and sepak takraw training significantly enhances physical and physiological performance compared to a sedentary lifestyle. These results added new information on aerobic and anaerobic capacities, ROM and muscular performance of Malaysian male volleyball and sepak takraw players in the field of sport science.
Changes in gait characteristics amongst female collegiate students with different body mass index
Authors: Ghafar Rosniwati , Ramli Nur Rasyiqah , Zulkifli Erie Zuraidee , Lau Jiun Sien , Shah Muhamad Sharil Md , Fadzil Nor Adila Mohd
Published: December 2024

Background:

Walking is an essential daily function, with variations in gait observed across different populations. Abnormal gait patterns can lead to health complications over time.

Aims:

The study aimed to investigate the differences in gait characteristics amongst collegiate students with varying body mass indices (BMIs).

Subjects and Methods:

Thirty-nine female students were divided into three BMI categories: underweight, normal weight and overweight. Participants performed three walking trials, with data captured using six cameras from the Qualysis motion capture system and analysed using Visual3D software.

Statistical Analysis:

An analysis of variance test and post hoc using the Tukey procedure were employed to compare the spatial-temporal and kinematic parameters amongst the three groups.

Results:

Post hoc analysis revealing statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in stride width (0.14 ± 0.03) and stance time (0.65 ± 0.02) when compared to the overweight group for spatial-temporal data, this strategy is used to overcome the instability of the body which can be related to the muscle weakness. For kinematic data, post hoc analysis showed significant differences (P < 0.05) when compared to the overweight group for maximum values of internal rotation angle (8.60 ± 4.44) at the pelvis joint, abduction angle (−5.37 ± 4.24) at the hip joint, dorsiflexion angle (94.52 ± 2.16) at the ankle joint and toes-up angle (27.55 ± 5.22) at the foot joint.

Conclusion:

The study found that different BMI categories notably affect individual gait parameters, with the most significant changes observed in the overweight group. Increased body weight imposes additional loads on the body’s systems, with these changes becoming evident as early as the overweight stage which showed a significant deviation from a normal range. These changes increase the burden and will increase the risk of musculoskeletal pathology in the overweight group. This research highlights the importance of maintaining a normal weight to prevent future gait alterations and movement complications. The findings aim to increase awareness amongst the younger generation about the impact of body weight on gait and encourage proactive health measures to manage weight effectively.
Occupational noise, work-related stress, and teachers’ health in the French CONSTANCES study
Authors: Temam Sofia , Billaudeau Nathalie , Kab Sofiane , Zins Marie , Vercambre Marie-Noël
Published: December 2024

Objective: Besides psychosocial stressors, teachers are exposed to disturbing noise at work, such as students’ irrelevant speech. Few studies have focused on this issue and its health consequences. We explored occupational noise exposure among teachers within the French workforce and analyzed how noise and work-related stress are related to their health. Materials and Methods: The prevalence of perceived noise exposure, evaluated through the question “Do you work in an environment where you sometimes have to raise your voice to talk to people 2 to 3 m away?” was compared between teachers (n = 13,843) and various occupational groups (n = 34,338) using inclusion data (2012–2020) from the ongoing French population-based CONSTANCES cohort (>217,000 participants). Additionally, the relationships between perceived noise and two health dimensions, perceived health (poor vs. good) and depressive symptoms (Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, high vs. low/moderate), among teachers were alternately investigated using logistic regressions. Moreover, how perceived noise may interact with work-related stress (effort–reward imbalance/strained relationships) was explored. Results: Thirty-two percent of teachers reported working in a noisy environment, compared with 14% of noneducation employees (P < 0.001). Primary school teachers were the most likely to report noise exposure (43%). Independent of stress, teachers exposed to noise had poorer perceived health and higher odds of depressive symptoms than nonexposed teachers, with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of 1.21 (1.07; 1.37) and 1.14 (1.01; 1.28), respectively. Evidence of an interaction between perceived noise and strained relationships was observed on perceived health (P = 0.05). Conclusion: French teachers commonly reported disturbing noise at work, and those exposed showed poorer health indicators, particularly when facing strained relationships. The findings call for further studies on noise in schools, especially longitudinal studies, to ascertain its long-term effect on teachers’ health and its potential interaction with the psychosocial environment.
Investigation of the Content Offered to the Public Regarding Noise Pollution in Online News
Authors: Basch Corey H. , Kollia Betty , Park Eunsun , Yousaf Helen
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: Noise remains an under-discussed type of environmental pollutant, which exerts a wide range of adverse health effects, both auditory and non-auditory. Ensuring that the public has ready access to useful health information online about noise exposure is important. In this regard, evaluating the content of public news articles regarding noise pollution is vital. Although examining the content available to the public on this topic is significant, there is still a dearth of information on this topic. Consequently, this study aimed to analyze the content on Google News regarding noise pollution. Methods: Google News was searched using the term “noise pollution,” and 100 articles were shortlisted for further coding. Qualitative coding was based on the news source, the type of domain extension, and whether a video was included in the article. The articles were quantitatively coded based on their content and compared for length. Results: The three most common content areas were as follows: types of noise pollution (73%), sources of noise (63%), and responses by administrative offices (59%). Only 17% of the news articles alluded to health issues linked to noise pollution, such as sleep disturbances, anxiety, high blood pressure, and effects on children’s auditory skills, that is speech development, concentration, and memory retention. Scientific research findings related to noise pollution were incorporated in less than one-third of the articles. The news articles were of comparable length. Conclusion: This study not only contributes to a better understanding of the news provided to the public and how noise pollution issues are discussed in contemporary, mainstream media, but also can inform about public health initiatives. We recommend that scientific/healthcare communities collaborate with online news media to improve the coverage regarding—and underscore the scientific evidence of—the deleterious consequences of noise on human and animal health.
Occupational noise exposure and its effects among mill workers: A narrative review
Authors: Salam Siti Najihah Abdul , Kamaludin Nurul Farahana , Awang Normah , Ithnin Anuar , Nata Dayana Hazwani Mohd Suadi , Mohd Saat Nur Zakiah
Published: December 2024

There are many possibilities for noise exposure in industrial workplaces, including sectors that extensively use heavy machinery in processing each product. Various studies indicate a causal relationship between noise exposure and auditory/nonauditory effects among workers. Noise exposure poses risks to health and workers’ hearing acuity and safety. This review paper aims to identify and summarize occupational noise exposure by examining the auditory and nonauditory effects among mill workers. The mills included in the study are palm oil, lumber, textiles, rice, sugarcane, flour, paper, and sawmills. A two-step methodology was used to achieve the aims of this narrative review. The literature search was conducted by gathering PubMed and Google Scholar papers, focusing on occupational noise in different occupational mill environments. Grey’s literature was conducted by screening the worldwide national standard for the laws, guidelines, and other related information based on this topic. A total of 22 articles published have been included. The content of each publication was subsequently summarized. Most of the machine areas within the mills emitted high level of noise. The auditory effects of occupational noise exposure among mill workers were noise-induced hearing loss and hearing impairment. Hypertension, stress, communication disturbance, cardiovascular disease, and headache were the nonauditory effects experienced by workers. The recommendations provided in this review for mitigating noise exposure are derived from the hierarchy of control. Overall, most mill workers are exposed to a high noise level exceeding the standard noise exposure limit. Preventive actions should be taken to address and reduce work-related injuries among mill workers worldwide.
Effect of Occupational Noise on Employee Health: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Huang Chin-Yin , Lai An-Ju , Chen Chun-Chieh , Lin Yu-Li
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study investigated the long-term health risks associated with occupational noise exposure. By using 9 years of health examination data from a major manufacturing company in Taiwan, this study compared the health indices of employees in noise-intensive and non-noise-intensive work environments. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 6278 health examination reports spanning 9 years was conducted to compare 20 health indices among 166 employees evenly distributed between noise-intensive and non-noise-intensive workgroups. These employees were carefully matched for sex, age, and work experience. Linear regression models were used to assess the temporal impact of noise exposure on each health index by incorporating a unique range ratio to quantify index fluctuations attributable to noise. Results: Employees exposed to occupational noise had an increase in platelet count of 16.594 K/µL, with an annual increment of 1.228 K/µL. Moreover, employees in noisy environments exhibited a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen level by 0.438 mg/dL, with an annual increase of 0.171 mg/dL. Additionally, their carcinoembryonic antigen level was significantly increased by 0.187 ng/mL on average, with the annual increase being 0.034 ng/mL. Moreover, increases in systolic blood pressure (2.015 mmHg), heart rate (4.620 beats/min), and white blood cell count (0.536 K/µL) and a decrease in red blood cell count (0.107 M/µL) were discovered to be solely attributable to noise exposure. Conclusions: Prolonged exposure to high occupational noise levels significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular, renal, and colorectal diseases. This longitudinal study underscores the detrimental health consequences of prolonged noise exposure in occupational settings.
Effect of the Levels and Sources of Noise on the Sleep Quality of Conscious Patients in Emergency Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Yang Jihe , Zhou Jianguo
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the levels and sources of noise in the emergency intensive care unit (EICU) of an emergency department and investigate their effects on the sleep quality of conscious patients. Methods: A study was conducted on patients admitted to the EICU from December 2020 to December 2023. They were categorised according to their sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Environmental noise levels were measured using precision sound level metres and environmental noise automatic monitoring instruments. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, and Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact probability and t-tests were conducted when applicable. The significance threshold was set at P < 0.05. Regression analysis was carried out for indicators with significant differences. Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. Of them 96 in the ideal sleep group and 104 in the non-ideal sleep group. Patients with non-ideal sleep experienced significantly higher noise levels across various measures (P < 0.05). Additionally, patients with non-ideal sleep reported significantly higher occurrences of noise-related awakening, difficulty in falling asleep, nightmares or vivid dreams and sleepwalking episodes (P < 0.05). Significant differences in staff activities, including staff conversations, equipment noise exposure, cleaning activities, patient interventions and overhead pages, were observed between the groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicating that the average noise level, conversational speech, equipment alarms, ambient noise, peak noise levels, staff conversations, cleaning activities, patient interventions and overhead pages were significant contributors to poor sleep. Conclusion: The study suggested that high noise levels and staff-related activities affected the sleep quality of conscious patients in the EICU. Targeted measures could improve the prognoses of patients.
Relationship between Age-Related Hearing Loss and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Wang Lin , Lin Shuhua , Zhang Zhaode , Li Xiaoqing , Lin Lingli
Published: December 2024

Background: With the aging of the population, the deterioration of visual and auditory functions amongst the elderly has attracted much attention. Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are common eye and ear diseases that seriously affect the quality of life of elderly population. Methods: This study utilised a whole cohort sampling method, with a total of 713 participants aged 50 years and older in the community from June 2022 to October 2023, resulting in the inclusion of 620 participants. Demographic information was collected from these participants, and eye and hearing examinations were conducted at Ningde Municipal Hospital affiliated of Fujian Medical University. Spearman’s correlation analysis was utilised to investigate the association between ARHL and AMD in patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the factors influencing ARHL to provide insights for preventing and treating ARHL and AMD in older individuals. Results: Correlation analysis indicated a significantly positive relationship between ARHL and AMD (P < 0.001). The results showed that age, medical history, AMD and chronic noise exposure were risk factors for ARHL. Conclusions: There were 196 cases of AMD in ARHL patients (82.35%). Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that ARHL was associated with AMD; logistic regression analysis revealed that age, medical history, macular degeneration and history of prolonged noise exposure were risk factors for ARHL. Among them, age, medical history (hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus), noise and AMD influence the development of ARHL in the elderly population. Therefore, attention should be paid to controlling risk factors in this population to prevent or reduce the development of ARHL.
Initiating Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Patients: Case-based Clinical Review
Authors: Bangaru Vivek
Published: December 2024

Mechanical Ventilation continues to be an integral part of critical care on which patients with respiratory failure often depend on for their survival. Specific criteria that need to be met to justify initiating MV include a patient dependency assessment, a clinical indication as well as the ventilator settings that are most appropriate. Hypoxemic respiratory failure, hypercapnic respiratory failure and the need for airway protection are the common indications to initiate MV. This review uses case-based to discuss the initiation of MV. Some of the clinical use settings include Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations, Trauma with altered mental status. Specific scenarios of patients, clinical management and intervention measures are described for every condition to help with the best approach. The review placed special focus on assessment before intubation, the type of mechanical ventilation to choose-VCV or PCV, and the settings to be used: TVs, RR, PEEP and FiO2. Further, it highlights the topic of focussed monitoring, common ventilator problems, and the Weaning phase from MV. The review outlines certain well-documented antecedent knowledge failures of young medicos and also intensivists that need to be corrected in their curriculums for enhancing their ventilator management competencies. Knowledge of MV initiation, strict supervision, and preparation for the cessation of MV is important in order to enhance the results of the patients within the Intensive Care Unit. It is mandatory and more important to see clinical signs like bilateral symmetric chest expansion than looking at the values on the ventilator alone. The presented case-based examples provide practical translation of theoretical information into the clinical practice and enhance the development of the clinical decision-making in the framework of critical care medicine. We definitely need a curriculum integration to decrease the phobia among the new entrants to the intensive care unit whether its medical or paramedical personnel.
Comparison of long-term outcomes of infliximab and adalimumab therapy in biologic-naive patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Durak Muhammed B. , Cagir Yavuz , Yuksel Ilhami
Published: December 2024

Background:

To compare the long-term safety and efficacy of Adalimumab (ADA) and Infliximab (IFX) agents in biologic-naive patients with Ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods:

The key focus was on specific outcomes such as the requirement of hospitalization due to UC, colectomy, steroid administration, and severe infections that led to the discontinuation of therapy.

Results:

Anti-TNF treatment was initiated in 208 of the 475 patients with ulcerative colitis. The final study population consisted of 86 biologic-naive patients with UC, including 41 treated with IFX and 45 treated with ADA. No significant differences in treatment details, baseline Mayo scores, risk factors, or demographic features were observed. The ADA group displayed a significantly increased need for steroids (44.4%) compared to the IFX group (14.6%). The UC-associated hospitalization, colectomy, and serious infections were similar between the ADA and IFX groups. Similar outcomes were observed with IFX or ADA as monotherapy or in combination with immunomodulators. The survival analysis revealed IFX had a longer time to secondary loss of response compared to ADA, however, without statistical significance (72.5% versus 46.7%, P = 0.057).

Conclusion:

Our results hint at the likelihood of IFX and ADA presenting similar clinical outcomes as first-time agents in UC. Nonetheless, the need for steroids with ADA should be taken into consideration.
Zabudowania plebańskie w greckokatolickim dekanacie przemyskim w świetle wizytacji biskupiej z 1843 roku
Authors: Lecyk William
Published: December 2024

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia obraz budynków mieszkalnych i gospodarczych w parafiach greckokatolickiego dekanatu przemyskiego pod względem wyglądu oraz stanu technicznego. Pozwoliło to na uchwycenie szeregu czynników wpływających na kondycję zabudowań plebańskich, a w konsekwencji decydujących o poziomie życia tej grupy społecznej. Dodatkowo autor przeanalizował akty prawne odnoszące się do zabudowań parafialnych, dzięki czemu ukazano, jak przebiegały procedury związane z rozpoczęciem budowy lub remontów, a także sposób i wymiar partycypacji poszczególnych podmiotów prawnych w ich kosztach i pracach.
Incest or adultery? For what crime were Kazimierz and Zofia of Klimkówka punished in 1774? Case study
Authors: Rogowska Klaudia
Published: December 2024

Adultery and incest were crimes that were severely punished in both urban and rural settings. In this article, the author, on the basis of a preserved case in the rural book of the village of Klimkówka, attempts to show what the punishment of this type of crime looked like after 1772 on the territory of the former Ruthenian Voivodeship.
Studenckie lata Kazimierza Osińskiego (1903–1908). Przyczynek do biografii
Authors: Szyszkowski Błażej
Published: December 2024

Kazimierz Osiński (1883–1956) – a resident of Przemyśl who devoted his life to his city, currently remembered as the creator and curator of the National Museum of Przemyśl District. He was an architect, museologist, social and cultural activist, regionalist, conservator, and World War I and II soldier. The article is about Kazimierz Osiński’s studies at the Polytechnic School and the Francis the I University of Lviv in 1903–1908. The author analyses the main aspects of Osiński’s studies: education per se, social and scientific activity, the development of the idea of antiques collecting (creation of the Osiński Museum) and the beginnings of his artistic and architectural work. The author puts forward the thesis that at that time, in Osiński’s personality, in parallel with the knowledge, he aquired, essential professional experience and strong, broad social, artistic and collecting passions as began to develop. All this intensively shaped his personality.
Nauczyciel łamiący wzorce męskości. Przypadek Stanisława Szołajskiego – profesora c.k. Gimnazjum w Jarosławiu z czasów Wielkiej Wojny
Authors: Pudłocki Tomasz
Published: December 2024

This paper is a case study of an offence committed by a Galician teacher, Stanisław Szołajski, who overstepped the social norms related to his profession, social gender and social status. The author analyses the case of Stanisław Szołajski, a professor of history and geography at the Gimnazjum School in Jarosław under Austro-Hungarian rule, who committed an act against social conventions. That event is a pretext for reflecting on how young secondary school teachers found it hard to adjust to the environment of provincial towns and get disciplined by school supervisors, which became a real problem, especially during the Great War. Szołajski, through his loss of self-control and provoking a public row, broke the moral norms ascribed to men and male teachers. That event shows that apart from granting sick leaves in the Galician school system, no psychological support was provided for the teachers who had difficulty adapting to a new environment. Those who did not conform to social norms were just moved to new schools in other places or dismissed altogether.
Biogram Józefa Jarolima. Przyczynek do historii XIX-wiecznego Przemyśla
Authors: Maj Stanisław
Published: December 2024

The work presents the biography of Józef Jarolim, a distinguished citizen of Przemyśl from the 19th and early 20th centuries. Jarolim was an entrepreneur and construction expert, a long-time city councillor, a member and activist of „Gwiazda”, editor of „Gazeta Przemyska”, president of the Volunteer Fire Department, co-founder of the Przemyśl Credit Fund and a member of the Bourgeois Casino. The biography is mainly based on information from the press of the time, thus enriching it with Jarolim’s statements and opinions about him. In this way, the author wanted to present a more truthful image of the hero. The work can supplement the rich history of Przemyśl with a few details and encourage others to restore the memory of similar people.
İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİYLE MÜCADELEDE KENT YÖNETİMLERİ
Authors: Esen Muhammet , Batuhan Tuna
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, iklim değişikliği ile mücadelede yerel yönetimlerin kritik rolü incelenmiştir. Sanayi devrimi sonrası artan fosil yakıt kullanımı, nüfus artışı ve kentleşme, çevresel sorunları derinleştirmiştir. Türkiye’de yapılan saha çalışmalarıyla, ilçe belediyelerinin iklim değişikliği konusunda farkındalıklarının yüksek olduğu, ancak bazı belediyelerde iklim değişikliği müdürlüklerinin henüz kurulmamış olduğu ve kaynak yetersizliklerinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yerel yönetimlerin, çevre dostu projeler, atık yönetimi ve sera gazı emisyonu azaltımı gibi alanlarda daha etkin olabilmesi için, iklim değişikliği müdürlüklerinin kurulması, yerel ve ulusal düzeyde işbirliği sağlanması ve yeterli kaynak tahsis edilmesi gerekmektedir. Ayrıca, bölgesel farklılıklar göz önünde bulundurularak yerel dinamiklere uygun politikaların geliştirilmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, yerel yönetimlerin iklim değişikliğiyle mücadelede daha sistematik ve koordineli adımlar atmalarını önererek, sürdürülebilir bir geleceğe katkı sağlamayı hedeflemektedir.
BİREYLERİN KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN TÜKETİCİ SAĞLIĞI BİLİŞİMİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ: Z KUŞAĞI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Sadaklıoğlu Hümeyra , Karakaya Sevnur
Published: December 2024

Dijital dönüşüm bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerine erişim ve karar alma süreçlerini önemli ölçüde değiştirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Z kuşağı bireylerinin kişilik özellikleri ile tüketici sağlığı bilişimi (TSB) arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı, dışa dönüklük, geçimlilik, sorumluluk, duygusallık ve açıklık gibi kişilik faktörlerinin TSB üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek ve bu kişilik özelliklerinin sağlık teknolojilerini benimseme ve kullanma davranışlarını nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma, Erzincan ilinde yaşayan ve 1998-2004 yılları arasında doğmuş 473 bireyin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar, Beş Faktör Kişilik Ölçeği (BFKÖ) ve Tüketici Sağlığı Bilişimi Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş; veriler SPSS ve AMOS programları ile analiz edilmiştir. Normallik analizi, geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik testleri, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ve yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) gibi yöntemler uygulanmış ve ölçeklerin yüksek güvenilirlikte sonuçlar verdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular, dışa dönüklük, geçimlilik, sorumluluk ve açıklık gibi kişilik özelliklerinin TSB üzerinde pozitif etkiler yarattığını göstermiştir. Dışa dönük bireylerin sağlık uygulamalarını sosyal etkileşim amaçlı kullandığı, sorumluluk sahibi bireylerin sağlık verilerini düzenli takip ettiği ve deneyime açık bireylerin yeni sağlık teknolojilerini hızla benimsediği belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan, duygusallığın TSB üzerinde negatif bir etkisi olduğu; bu kişilik özelliğine sahip bireylerin veri paylaşımından kaçınma ve teknoloji kullanımını sınırlama eğiliminde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Demografik bulgular ise kadınların sağlık teknolojilerini erkeklere oranla daha fazla kullandığını, evli bireylerin daha yüksek sorumluluk bilincine sahip olduğunu ve çalışan bireylerin sağlık teknolojilerini daha etkin kullandığını ortaya koymuştur. Dijital dönüşüm ve sağlık teknolojileri ile bireylerin kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişki, dünya genelinde giderek daha fazla araştırma konusu olsa da, Türkiye özelinde tüketici sağlığı bilişimi (TSB) üzerine yapılan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışma, Z kuşağı bireylerinin TSB davranışlarını kişilik özellikleri perspektifinden ele alarak literatürdeki önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır. Araştırma, hem TSB'yi hem de kişilik özelliklerini detaylı bir şekilde inceleyen, Türkiye'de gerçekleştirilen sayılı çalışmalardan biri olma niteliği taşımaktadır. Bu yönüyle, sağlık teknolojilerinin benimsenmesi ve kullanımı üzerine Türkiye bağlamında özgün bir katkı sunmakta; aynı zamanda sağlık sektöründe kullanıcı davranışlarının daha iyi anlaşılmasına yönelik önemli bir referans kaynağı oluşturmaktadır.
O QUE PODE A ALEGRIA? OU CONFLUÊNCIA AFETIVA
Authors: Gonçalves Pedro
Published: December 2024

O que poderíamos querer ou imaginar dessa “perfeição maior” da qual nos fala Espinosa? Desse movimento de passagem? Se a vida não tem fim, ela pode ficar mais triste e é a isso que nos recusamos. Então, vamos nos lembrar do que nos falava Espinosa, ele mesmo, em sua Ética. Aquela perfeição maior de Espinosa está longe, na nossa interpretação, de pódios, de disputas meritocráticas ou de olimpíadas da desgraça, mas na perfeição que é celebrar, louvar mesmo a existência e a possibilidade de congregarmos vida e firmarmos o acontecimento. E tudo aquilo que almejamos é capaz de encontrarmos – tanto para o bem quanto para o mal.
Self-Presentation of Individuals on Social Networking Websites: A Comparative Study of Personal and Virtual Identities of Youth in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Kiramat Kiran , Zia Anjum
Published: December 2024

Main purpose of the study was to explore the involvement of youth of Lahore city with virtual identities by using technique of survey as tool of data collection. The study targeted youth having age group between 18 to 24 years both males and females. The findings of the study showed that majority of female respondents in age group 21-24 are fascinated with virtual world. Statistical test chi-square was applied for testing the hypothesis. The results establish that one’s personality in terms of the individuality, personal traits; interaction with real friends is being affected.
تبلیغ اسلام کے لیئے رسول اللہ ﷺ کی استعمال کردہ مختلف انسانی ابلاغی صورتیں
Authors: Ara Asmat
Published: December 2024

Objective of the Divine message- Wahi, revealed on the Holy Prophet SAWW was to promote the message of Islam and to persuade the Arab Baddoos to embrace Islam by rejecting their old religion. That was the most difficult task. However taking into consideration the basics of "Dawah" and "Hikmah" the Holy Prophet SAWW presented his message in a difficult and aggressive environment. Initially he came across with stiff resistance, but due to his clear past of an AMIN and tenacity of commitment, he could achieve unprecedented success in a brief period of 23 years.The Holy Prophet SAWW used different settings of human communication to dessiminate the Divine message, i.e. Interpersonal Communication, Public Communication and Mass Communication. Keeping in view the prevailing circumstances of that age this paper discusses different methods of communication used by the Holy Prophet SAWW with reference to credible sources and modes of human communication.
Media Diet Plan: Analyzing What Media Serves and What's Needed
Authors: Zareesh Zehra
Published: December 2024

This study examines the diversification of television content and the diet plan media channels are providing for viewership in terms of genre division, content variety, and framing. The study based on mixed-method research in which quantitative part includes genre-wise content shared on major Pakistani television channels during the year 2019 with the sub-genre division of each, whereas the qualitative part includes interviews of media personnel to find out content approaches. The outcome of research gives a clear picture of imbalanced content framing in terms of pyramid. The study highlights that drama content, categorized as Junk media, constitutes the majority share, while the news genre falls under general media with a significant market share. In contrast, media for growth ranks up to the 20th position, and media for practice, including the Kids genre, holds a minimal market share. The findings underscore a noteworthy pattern: the current media content structure resembles a reciprocal media diet pyramid, where a considerable portion corresponds to Junk media—a trend contrary to the expected pyramid model.
A Critical Analysis of Female Depictions in Pakistani Drama: Using a Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Dr. Naureen Aleem
Published: December 2024

The goal of this research is to establish the current subject of dramas in Pakistan. The study focuses on the representation of women's images in Pakistani dramas. The study tries to find out how Pakistani media depicts the role of women in society, either close to reality or the opposite. The researcher followed a mixed-method approach, incorporating a systematic literature review, a survey, and content analysis of Pakistani dramas to investigate the phenomenon. Total 20 research studies were examined, out of which 12 research papers coincided with the topic using the purposive sampling technique. The survey population for the study consisted of 120 viewers. The researcher approached the Normative theories and fielded the questionnaire including the queries regarding the common perception about the representation of women in Pakistani drama serials. The study reveals that women objectification and stereotyped characters are the top trends gaining huge ratings. The study investigates the behavior and reaction of people regarding the depiction of women's roles in dramas and also evaluates the impact of these dramas on women themselves as well as on society. The study's outcomes reveal that Pakistani television series missed the mark in reflecting the true picture of Pakistani women within the context of cultural values and norms, leading to a lack of viewer satisfaction.
Examining the Psychological Consequences of TikTok Usage on Young Females in Pakistan
Authors: Safdar Ghulam , Fatima Syeda Nameen , Khan Abdul Wajid
Published: December 2024

In the present age, online media is very influential among youngsters, especially social media. Considering the significant phenomenon of concern, the current research study aimed to examine the psychological consequences of TikTok usage on young females in Pakistan. The researchers employed quantitative survey design to gather data from the target public i.e., females residing in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The target population comprised females aged 16 to 35 years residing in Rawalpindi. Using non-probability sampling technique, specifically the convenience sampling method was used for data collection. A sample of (N=200) individuals from the target population was selected by managing time, cost and accessibility constraints. Data was collected using a self-designed questionnaire, which included 13 questions covering demographics, TikTok usage, and psychological concerns. The questionnaire primarily used a Likert scale format, with one open-ended question. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 21, and results were presented in tabular format. Findings revealed that TikTok is a popular social media application among youth, particularly females. The study concluded that the more use of TikTok, caused psychological issue i.e., social anxiety, physical health and sleeping disorder among the females.
Success Stories of Micro-Celebrities: A Study of Multiple Social Networking Platforms’ Viral Content in Pakistan
Authors: Faisal Rahima
Published: December 2024

In the era of digital media, the rapid rise of social media has given birth to a new breed of celebrities known as "digital media celebrities" or "micro-celebrities." These individuals gain fame and recognition through their viral content, attracting wide spread attention and admiration. This study employs a qualitative, cross-sectional research design to explore the process of celebrification among digital media celebrities in Pakistan. The research methodology involves content analysis of various articles, focusing on the journeys of four notable personalities: Ahmed Shah, Dananeer Mobeen, Ayesha, and Arshad Khan. The findings highlight the significance of visually appealing content, catchy phrases, and humor as major factors contributing to their virality, while an examination of audience sentiments through comments sheds light on the transformative impact of viral content, elevating micro-celebrities to macro-celebrity status. Additionally, the study proposes The Viral Fame Model (VFM) on the basis of results emphasizing the importance of genuine talent and skills in sustaining long-term success and achieving the actual status of macro-celebrity in the competitive world of media and entertainment.