bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The slow axonal transport of alpha‐synuclein—mechanistic commonalities amongst diverse cytosolic cargoes
Authors: Tang Yong , Das Utpal , Scott David A. , Roy Subhojit
Published: February 2012

Slow axonal transport conveys perikaryally‐synthesized cytosolic proteins in a rate‐class called Slow Component‐b (SCb). One such protein—α‐synuclein—is largely conveyed in SCb, and is also a key player in a group of neurodegenerative diseases called synucleinopathies. Axonal transport defects of α‐synuclein have been hypothesized to play a role in synucleinopathies, but mechanisms moving α‐synuclein in slow axonal transport are unclear. Here we use a recently developed model‐system in our laboratory to visualize the slow transport of α‐synuclein, comparing it to another SCb protein synapsin. Despite differences inbiological properties and overallsolubility in axons, the anterograde transport of both SCb proteins was strikingly similar, suggesting commonalities in slow axonal transport mechanisms of seemingly diverse cytosolic cargoes. The data support a model where SCb proteins dynamically organize into ‘transport‐competent’ complexes that are conveyed via transient associations with other persistently‐moving cargoes (“mobile‐units”). The identity of the latter is yet unknown. Visualizing normal α‐synuclein transport may also open the door to studies of α‐synuclein transport in pathologic states. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Development of a New Multidimensional Depression Assessment Scale: Preliminary Results
Authors: Cheung Ho Nam , Power Michael J.
Published: February 2012

Depression is a major problem for mental health. Empirical studies and clinical observations have shown that the symptoms of depression occur across four main domains—emotional, cognitive, somatic and interpersonal. However, commonly used depression assessment scales fail to address the evaluation of interpersonal symptoms, as summarized in this paper. Therefore, a new depression assessment scale, which aimed to evaluate all four domains of depressive symptomatology, was developed. In an initial analysis, a pilot 85‐item questionnaire containing possible depressive symptoms was distributed for evaluation to experts from different mental health professions, from which 52 items were subsequently selected for the new multidimensional depression assessment scale. One hundred community participants completed the questionnaire along with the Beck Depression Inventory‐II. The results indicated that the new depression scale had good psychometric properties. It was found to be reliable and valid for the assessment of depression severity and symptomatology, though it is emphasized that these data are only preliminary and based on a relatively healthy sample. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Key Practitioner Message

Existing measures of depression are criticized for their lack of interpersonal items.

A new depression scale is presented that has a balance of interpersonal, emotional, cognitive and somatic items.
Examining the Link between Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility and Company Performance: An Analysis of the Best Corporate Citizens
Authors: Michelon Giovanna , Boesso Giacomo , Kumar Kamalesh
Published: February 2012

Using KLD data on the performance of 188 companies over a three‐year period in seven areas of corporate social responsibility (CSR) – environment, community, corporate governance, diversity, employee relations, human rights, and product quality – this study examines whether CSR initiatives have a greater impact on company performance (CP) if the company prioritizes the CSR issues that matter most to it and approaches CSR initiatives in a strategic way, than if it approaches them based on generic rationale unrelated to the company's strategy. The results show that when a company pursues CSR initiatives that are linked to stakeholder preferences and allocates resources to these initiatives in a strategic way, the positive effect of its CSR initiatives on CP strengthens in terms of both market‐based and accounting‐based measures of performance. However, this relationship was not observed across the board for all of the seven areas of CSR. The main conclusion of this study is that companies need to link their CSR initiatives to the likely preferences of their stakeholders and undertake the corporate social actions that are relevant to the company's strategy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
The 1‐Phenyl‐1‐(trimethylsilyl)ethyl Cation: An NMR Spectroscopic and Computational Study of the α‐Silyl Effect in Benzyl Cations
Authors: Kostenko Arseni , Müller Bernhard , Kaufmann Frank‐Peter , Apeloig Yitzhak , Siehl Hans‐Ullrich
Published: February 2012

The 1‐phenyl‐1‐(trimethylsilyl)ethyl cation is generated as a persistent species in solution and characterized experimentally by 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The α‐silyl effect is elucidated by comparison with other benzyl cations, such as cumyl and 1‐phenylethyl cations. Concomitant quantum chemical calculations of structures, relative thermodynamic stabilities, chemical shifts, and the harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) indices are congruent with the analysis of the experimental NMR spectroscopy results; therefore, we conclude that, in benzyl cations, the α‐silyl substituent is stabilizing with respect to H, but destabilizing relative to a methyl group.
Electrochemical Oxidation Mechanisms of the Antioxidants Daidzein and 7‐Hydroxy‐4‐chromone
Authors: Fernandes Isabel P. G. , Oliveira Severino Carlos B. , Ghalkhani Masoumeh , Shahrokhian Saeed , Oliveira‐Brett Ana Maria
Published: February 2012

The electrochemical behavior of antioxidants daidzein (DZ) and 7‐hydroxy‐4‐chromone (7‐OH‐4‐CHM) was investigated. The oxidation of DZ is irreversible, pH‐dependent, and occurs in two steps, the first of 4′‐OH on the B‐ring and the second on the 7‐OH on the A‐ring. The oxidation of 7‐OH‐4‐CHM occurs on the 7‐OH on the A‐ring, is irreversible, pH‐dependent and proceeds in a single step. The DZ diffusion coefficient was calculated in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer to be DDZ=8.1×10−5 cm2 s−1. The detection limits of DZ and 7‐OH‐4‐CHM was calculated as LODDZ=0.08 µM and LOD7‐OH‐4‐CHM=0.13 µM.
Effect of polypropylene fibers on thermogravimetric properties of self‐compacting concrete at elevated temperatures
Authors: AL Qadi Arabi N. S. , Bin Mustapha Kamal Nasharuddin , Naganathan Sivakumar , AL‐Kadi Qahir N. S.
Published: February 2012

In this study, the effect of polypropylene (PP) fibers on thermogravimetric parameters of self‐compacting concrete (SCC) containing indigenous materials was investigated experimentally and statistically. The mixes containing cement, water, fly ash, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and super plasticizer, with the addition of PP fibers (0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.15%) by volume of the mixtures, were prepared. The physical properties of SCC were determined at elevated temperatures (200, 400, and 600 °C) after cooling in the laboratory. Regression models were developed to determine the responses, and the optimum amount of 0.05% PP fibers by volume was measured. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An exceptional rocky shore preserved during Oligocene (Late Rupelian) transgression in the Upper Rhine Graben (Mainz Basin, Germany)
Authors: Rousse Stephane , Duringer Philippe , Stapf Karl R. G.
Published: February 2012

The Early Oligocene (Late Rupelian) Alzey Formation (Mainz Basin, Upper Rhine Graben, Germany) records the development of a rocky coast depositional system during transgression. The formation unconformably overlies Permian bedrock across a composite transgressive ravinement surface. Exposure of the surface shows a succession of subplanar bedrock terraces, separated by near‐vertical risers. Terraces show a broad staircase geometry and display wave‐erosional features (notches, sea stacks, furrows). Detailed sedimentological and palaeoecological investigations reveal prograding beachface and shoreface depositional units that overlie terraces and are adjacent to risers.

Terraces are interpreted as wave‐cut platforms, backed by palaeocliffs. The staircase architecture records the episodic landward migration of palaeoshorelines onto palaeotopographic highs during the Early Oligocene. Stacking patterns of gravelly beach and shoreface associated units (facies tracts) indicate successive episodes of terrace cutting, beach development, drowning and shoreline backstepping during an overall relative sea‐level rise.

The exceptional preservation of the stair‐cased rocky shore may be attributed to a highly jerky rising relative sea‐level, as the result of the conjugated effects of rift‐controlled tectonic subsidence and eustatic sea‐level oscillations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Stagonolide C
Authors: Yadav Jhillu S. , Mallikarjuna Reddy Nimmakayala , Venkateswar Rao N. , Rahman Md. Ataur , Prasad Attaluri R.
Published: February 2012

A convergent and efficient total synthesis of stagonolide C (1), a phytotoxic metabolite, was achieved (Schemes 2 and 3) The synthesis exploited the high configuration control in the Prins cyclization along with alkene rearrangement and ring‐closing metathesis as key steps.
Three New Bisabolocurcumin Ethers from the Rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.
Authors: Xiao Yun‐Chuan , Lei Jun , Liu Miao , Yu Min , Ran Jian , Xie Jing , Li Wei , Huang Jing
Published: February 2012

Three new bisabolocurcumin ethers, named demethoxybisabolocurcumin ether (1), bisabolocurcumin ether (2), and didemethoxybisabolocurcumin ether (3), along with two known compounds, 4 and 5, were isolated from the AcOEt extract of the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. Their structures were established by the analysis of NMR and MS data. The new compounds 1–3, which possess a new 1,7‐diarylheptanoid skeleton linked with a bisabolone‐type sesquiterpene substructure by a CO bond, were found for the first time in a natural source.
Yalongenes A and B, Two New Cembranoids with Cytoprotective Effects from the Hainan Soft Coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorumMarenzeller
Authors: Yao Li‐Gong , Zhang Hai‐Yan , Liang Lin‐Fu , Guo Xian‐Jun , Mao Shui‐Chun , Guo Yue‐Wei
Published: February 2012

Two new cembranoids, yalongenes A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the South China Sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum Marenzeller. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis (IR, MS, and NMR) and by comparison with a related model compound. Yalongenes 1 and 2 were evaluated for their cytoprotective effects on SH‐SY5Y cell injury induced by H2O2 in vitro, and the result showed that only compound 1 had a significant cytoprotective activity at the concentration of 1 μM.
Four New Cuparene‐Type Sesquiterpenes from Flammulina velutipes
Authors: Wang Ya‐Qi , Bao Li , Yang Xiao‐Li , Dai Huan‐Qin , Guo Hui , Yao Xin‐Sheng , Zhang Li‐Xin , Liu Hong‐Wei
Published: February 2012

Flamvelutpenoids A–D (1–4), four new cuparene‐type sesquiterpenes, were isolated from the solid culture of Flammulina velutipes. Their structures were elucidated by NMR experiments. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were assigned via the circular dichroism data of the [Rh2(OCOCF3)4] complex, whereas that of C(3) of 3 was determined by applying the octant rule for the α,β‐unsaturated ketone moiety. Compounds 1–4 showed weak antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values larger than 100 μM.
One‐Pot Synthesis of 4‐(2,3‐Dihydro‐2‐hydroxy‐1,3‐dioxo‐1H‐inden‐2‐yl)‐Substituted 1‐Aryl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxylates via a Tandem Three‐Component Reaction
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Zarei Ameneh , Rezvanian Atieh
Published: February 2012

The hitherto unreported, highly functionalized 1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxylates 3 have been synthesized in good yields via a one‐pot three‐component domino reaction of phenylhydrazines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and ninhydrin under mild conditions for the first time. No co‐catalyst or activator is required for this multicomponent reaction, and the reaction is, from an experimental point of view, simple to perform (Scheme 1). The structures of compounds 3 were corroborated spectroscopically (IR, 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, and EI‐MS) and by elemental analyses. A plausible mechanism for this type of cyclization/addition reaction is proposed (Scheme 2).
Highly Conjugated Ergostane‐Type Steroids and Aranotin‐Type Diketopiperazines from the Fungus Aspergillus terreus BCC 4651
Authors: Haritakun Rachada , Rachtawee Pranee , Komwijit Somjit , Nithithanasilp Sutichai , Isaka Masahiko
Published: February 2012

Two new ergostane derivatives, 12β,15α,25,26‐tetrahydroxyergosta‐4,6,8(14),22‐tetraen‐3‐one (1) and 12β,15α,25,28‐tetrahydroxyergosta‐4,6,8(14),22‐tetraen‐3‐one (2), and a new aranotin‐type diketopiperazine, bisdethiobis(methylsulfanyl)apoaranotin (3), were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus BCC 4651. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by means of NMR spectroscopic and MS analyses.
The role of PGC‐1 coactivators in aging skeletal muscle and heart
Authors: Dillon Lloye M. , Rebelo Adriana P. , Moraes Carlos T.
Published: February 2012

Aging is the progressive decline in cellular, tissue, and organ function. This complex process often manifests as loss of muscular strength, cardiovascular function, and cognitive ability. Mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased mitochondrial biogenesis are believed to participate in metabolic abnormalities and loss of organ function, which will eventually contribute to aging and decreased lifespan. In this review, we discuss what is currently known about mitochondrial dysfunction in the aging skeletal muscle and heart. We focused our discussion on the role of PGC‐1 coactivators in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and function and possible therapeutic benefits of increased mitochondrial biogenesis in compensating for mitochondrial dysfunction and circumventing aging and aging‐related diseases. © 2012 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2012
Client Personality as a Mediator of the Effects of Recording
Authors: GELSO CHARLES J. , TANNEY MARY FAITH
Published: February 2012

Clients' ratings measuring the extent to which they felt inhibited by audio‐recorded sessions (for supervisory purposes) were correlated with their scores on each scale of the Adjective Check List. Inhibition was positively related to scores in Self‐Control, Endurance, Order, Abasement, Deference, and Counseling Readiness. It was negatively related to Lability, Exhibition, and Autonomy scores. The pattern of correlations was similar for clients with personal‐social versus educational‐vocational problems, although those of the latter group tended to be higher. Unexpectedly, inhibition ratings of educational‐vocational clients manifested a strong positive relationship with their level of counseling readiness.
Coached Clients as Raters of Counseling Effectiveness
Authors: McILVAINE JOSEPH F.
Published: February 2012

The study was designed to investigate whether coached clients, trained in objective rating techniques, were more consistent with the ratings of counselor educators when evaluating the counseling effectiveness of counselor trainees, as compared to the same ratings completed by non‐coached clients using the same criterion. A sample of ten counselor trainees were each rated by two coached and two non‐coached clients using the Counseling Evaluation Inventory. The results indicated that the coached clients significantly agreed with the criterion, while the non‐coached clients exhibited bias and subjectivity in their ratings.
The Practice of the Theories of Counseling
Authors: ARBUCKLE DUGALD S.
Published: February 2012

Some of the characteristics of the major theories of counseling and differences in practice among counselors of these theoretical orientations are discussed.
Philosophical and Situational Issues Relating to the Objectives of Counselor Education
Authors: COTTINGHAM HAROLD F.
Published: February 2012

Counselor education, through its formal organization (ACES), is in the process of examining its standards for program accreditation used for the past decade. This discussion examines current educational forces, such as social change, political conditions, and learning process developments as a basis for a new look at the standards for counselor preparation. Based on these influences, four categories of situational and philosophical issues are postulated: educational and psychological assumptions, outcome behaviors of the counselor education graduate, outcomes of counselor education programming, and outcome behaviors of professional guidance personnel. It is recommended that outcomes of counselor education should be considered in performance terms before instructional strategies are developed.
A Triadic Method of Supervision in the Training of Counselors and Counseling Supervisors
Authors: SPICE CHARLES G. , SPICE WILMA H.
Published: February 2012

The article describes a triadic method of supervision that can be adapted to several settings, including the training of students in both counseling and supervision, as well as mutual peer supervision in employment settings. The triadic method reduces the complexities of the supervision process to teachable elements. As students learn to function alternately in the three roles of supervisor, commentator, and facilitator, they refine their skills in the four following basic processes of supervision: (a) the presentation of their counseling work, (b) the art of critical commentary, (c) the engagement in meaningful dialogue, and (d) the deepening of the here‐and‐now process inherent in supervision.
A Study of the Relationship between Supervisor and Trainee Behaviors in Counseling Practicum
Authors: WEDEKING DAVID F. , SCOTT THOMAS B.
Published: February 2012

The goal of this study was to identify relationships among the counseling behaviors of practicum trainees and the supervision behaviors of their supervisors during a one‐semester counseling practicum. Trained judges rated the following variables from audiotapes: trainee and supervisor empathy, various trainee and supervisor verbal behavior patterns, and five trainee competencies. Comparisons were made between performances at the beginning and end of the term. Trainees improved on two of five competencies but did not improve on empathy, nor did their verbal behavior patterns change. Empathy levels of the supervisors had no apparent effect on the trainees.
How a Learning Module Can Affect Confidential Decision Making
Authors: GRANUM RICHARD A. , ERICKSON RICHARD L.
Published: February 2012

This study investigated the ability of a learning module to influence counselors' decisions about confidential information. The module was a self‐paced, programmed text written in prose style consisting of behavioral objectives, readings, paper‐and‐pencil tasks, field activities, and feedback. The study, involving 82 students, used a Solomon‐type design of five groups in controlling for the effect of pretesting when the module was used under two conditions: independent study and study in dyads. Analysis of change scores using nonparametric statistics indicated that, when compared with a control group, module users studying alone and in pairs showed significant changes in decisions they made about confidential information.
Systematic Desensitization as an Instructional Module
Authors: HORAN JOHN J. , STONE CHRISTOPHER I. , HEROLD PATRICIA L.
Published: February 2012

This article reports on the development and evaluation of an instructional module for teaching systematic desensitization. As the module makes use of widely available published materials, it requires little classroom time or work for the instructor. Furthermore, the module gives the student an evaluated quasiclinical experience with desensitization. Physiological and self‐report data reflecting changes in client fear levels were gathered in an attempt to determine whether the instructional module is effective.
Self‐Generated Performance Feedback in Interviewing Training
Authors: ROBINSON SHARON E. , KURPIUS DeWAYNE J. , FROEHLE THOMAS C.
Published: February 2012

The present study examined the effect of self‐generated performance feedback, of expert performance feedback, and of no performance feedback on novice counselor trainee's production of counselor tacting response leads (CTRLs). Self‐generated performance feedback consisted of the participants responding to a video‐taped client and then orally evaluating their own response on the basis of a performance standard. Expert performance feedback consisted of verbal feedback from a designated expert given over a bug‐in‐the‐ear apparatus. Analysis of four measures of CTRLs revealed no differences resulting from either source of feedback—self or expert—however, those who received feedback outperformed the controls. These differences were maintained over a short time span.
A Developmental Framework for Counseling Supervision
Authors: LITTRELL JOHN M. , LEE‐BORDEN NANCY , LORENZ JOHN
Published: February 2012

Four models of supervision—counseling/therapeutic, teaching, consulting, and self‐supervising—have been identified, but no one model adequately describes the total supervision process. The authors propose a comprehensive developmental framework that incorporates the four supervision models. The framework reflects the changes that occur during supervision and offers the supervisor and the trainee a means of conceptualizing the developmental stages of supervision. Professionalization occurs during supervision as the trainee assumes greater responsibility for the content of supervision and learns how to be a self‐supervisor.
Perceived Problems and Sources of Help For American Indian Students
Authors: DAUPHINAIS PAUL , LA FROMBOISE TERESA , ROWE WAYNE
Published: February 2012

One hundred‐Fifty American Indian and fifty non‐Indian 11th‐ and 12th‐grade students were surveyed to assess self‐reported problem areas and persons perceived as potential sources of help. Problems indicated by Indian students in metropolitan, rural, and boarding schools are noted, as well as those of non‐Indian students. Problems likely to be discussed with counselors or with significant others are identified and different patterns of persons nominated as providing help are described. Although we caution against over‐generalization, the findings are intended to increase the understanding of those concerned with training counselors to work with Indian youth.
Counselor Trainees' Dependence on Clients: Issues and Implications
Authors: KAHNWEILER WILLIAM M.
Published: February 2012

Counselor dependency on clients has received little attention compared with the topic of clients' dependency on counselors. This article suggests that many counselors, particularly beginning counselor trainees, may rely on their clients to meet some of their professional and personal needs. Several potential sources of trainee dependence are identified. Methods for recognizing manifestations of counselor dependence are discussed, as are strategies to help trainees become aware of, and minimize their dependency needs. Implications for research are also noted.
Job Personalization and the Vocational Exploration Group
Authors: DAANE CALVIN J.
Published: February 2012

A new way to explore the world of work has evolved after several years of field testing with employment service applicants and high school youth. The method uses small‐sized groups and structured interaction with a sequenced program for job search and planning. In a recent experimental‐control study concurrent in eight different states, the group members were found to have gained twice the number of jobs, gained in positive employability perceptions, and showed reduced social alienation. The groups are conducted for five members at a time. The short program takes two hours; the long program takes five sessions of three‐quarters of an hour each. Group leaders are prepared by trainers who have also been leaders. The training is experiential, with skills acquired through group interaction largely in the form of “circle games” (participative exercises developed for this program), by roleplaying, by observations, by helping others to learn, and by actually conducting a group with live members.
A Primer on Unemployment
Authors: MOGULL ROBERT C.
Published: February 2012

This article discusses the definition and causes of unemployment, national unemployment rates since 1929, and workers who typically experience the highest incidence of job loss.
An Inservice Training Model for Bureau of Employment Security Personnel
Authors: HERR EDWIN L. , HORAN JOHN J.
Published: February 2012

This article describes the academic content and evaluation of an inservice training model for Bureau of Employment Security interviewers and counselors. Preliminary data suggests that a workshop organized according to established features of systems analysis is personally and professionally helpful to most participants. Although the model appears to operate at a high level of productivity, new improvements are planned.
A Paraprofessional Training Model Based on the Employment Service Training Unit Concept
Authors: PHELPS R. J. , NEEDHAM JOHN T.
Published: February 2012

A paraprofessional inservice training model is presented which is based on the Employment Service Training Unit (ESTU) concept. The model encourages the use of professional staff in the local work setting as a viable source for training paraprofessional staff members. The advantages and disadvantages of current training programs are described, with the ESTU model presented as an alternative for a more effective paraprofessional training program.
How Much Is Enough? The Caseload Problem
Authors: MEYER DAVID P.
Published: February 2012

Six critical variables of the caseload problem are proposed and defined. A matrix is used to determine the ability of an employability development team to carry a greater or lesser caseload. Examples of the application of the matrix to a number of different settings are offered.
Occupational Movement: Employment Counselor Perceptions of Job Change
Authors: NEILL LEE R.
Published: February 2012

Missouri Employment Service counselors were surveyed to determine why they had changed jobs and why, in their opinion, other people change jobs. The counselors reported that they had changed occupations because of job interest and financial reasons, and that they had entered counseling because of a real interest in the field. Most of them who anticipated making a future change said it was because of dissatisfaction with working conditions, and they planned to continue counseling in another setting. The counselors' experiences led them to believe that other people change jobs primarily because of lack of satisfaction, but they noted that financial considerations are also important.
Search for Security
Authors: HUME LAURABEL N.
Published: February 2012

This article uses fictionalized accounts of counseling situations in various periods of history—prehistorical, Greek, Middle Ages, and the twentieth century—to illustrate that man's search for security, his need for an answer to the question “What shall I do?” and other men's responses to that need have not changed much throughout history.
The World of Work as a Subsystem
Authors: ZIMMER JULES M. , NEUFELDT SUSAN A.
Published: February 2012

When beginning a systems analysis of work and its relationship to employment counseling, at least three issues must be considered. First, the historical and cultural definitions of work; second, the meaning and expectations that each individual attaches to work; and third, the potential impact of employment counseling on the lives of people.
The Widget Syndrome
Authors: MEYER DAVID P.
Published: February 2012

There has been a recent tendency in Manpower to view human services in mechanistic terms. This tends to cause an emphasis on large numbers of transactions as a guide to effectiveness. An alternative method of evaluating manpower services is offered.
A Theory, Philosophy, and Practice for the Employment Counselor
Authors: LAWRENCE RICHARD E.
Published: February 2012

Employment counselors have many pressures brought on them by various publics. Many of these forces make it difficult for them to engage in counseling with their clients. Although there are varying definitions of counseling, many focus on dynamic problems such as defining roles and making decisions.

There is a need for theory in the practice of counseling, and a specific approach described is based on existential philosophy. Directing attention in counseling to the meaning of life and to what each person may do to provide answers to this question is the main point in this existential approach.
The Fully Functioning Employment Service Counselor
Authors: CAULEY WILLIAM J.
Published: February 2012

Fully functioning employment service counselors are individuals who feel personally and professionally significant and who use personal and professional competencies to foster an accurate image of themselves with clients and other professionals within the employment service. They are aware of the changing demands and the expanding scope and goals of employment counseling occurring over the past 10 years, although many others in the employment service, including training and supervising counselors, are not. These counselors must take the responsibility for bringing others into their scope of awareness: They must define, through their own actions, their developing identity.
Wooden versus Plastic Apparatus with the GATB: A Restudy
Authors: TRIMMER HARVEY , KLEIN FREDA
Published: February 2012

The finding of a mean difference of 11 points (one standard error) between wooden and plastic peg boards for the M‐aptitude of the General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) as reported by Kapes and Sievert (1973) led to this investigation. The intent was to replicate their research and, by the use of a broader sample range, to examine other selected variables to determine whether any differences remained constant across the population. The results of the study indicated that individuals tested on the wooden equipment perform significantly higher than those individuals tested on the plastic equipment. Converted score differences for the M‐aptitude indicated an average difference of approximately 10.5 points in favor of the wooden apparatus.
Rate Your Office
Authors: GORDON JESSE E. , AIGNER STEPHEN M.
Published: February 2012

Each of the statements below describes a characteristic of a particular kind of organization. Read each statement and ask yourself whether it describes the agency where you work. If so, put a check by the number. What kind of organization has these characteristics? Check the items first, and see how your organization comes out before you know what the items mean (it's explained later). Of course, if you're the kind of person who has to know how the story turns out before you really let yourself get into it, go ahead and read the end first.
Aptitudes and Self‐Perceptions Relating to the Employability of the Emotionally Disabled
Authors: LYTEL ROBERT B.
Published: February 2012

Since diagnosis or standard psychological tests are poor predictors of successful vocational rehabilitation of emotionally disabled individuals, it is suggested that information regarding aptitudes and the individual's self‐perceptions be included in the process of assessing employability. Minimum aptitudes for selected occupations in 19 worker trait groups are cited from the GATB manual as a starting point in considering occupations with the restricted mental health population often referred for services. Important self‐perceptions in assessing employability with this group include locus of control, realistic appraisal of limitations, values relevant to vocational choices, and self‐conceptualization of skills.
Women's Occupational Choices and Lifetime Work Rhythms: Are We Still Making Progress?
Authors: KAHNE HILDA
Published: February 2012

This article reviews women's present and expected future place in the world of work. It considers two issues that grow out of changes that have taken place in women's economic roles: (a) expansion of the range of occupations in which women engage; and (b) work structure flexibility that responds to the intertwined nature of work and family lives. The article recommends a number of initiatives to ensure that social changes that have occurred will result in more life satisfaction rather than just more life complexity.
Life‐Flow Leisure Counseling for Older Persons
Authors: LOESCH LARRY C.
Published: February 2012

Work is a primary source of self‐satisfaction and self‐definition for many people during most of the years of their lives. Consequently, the loss of work and the necessary transition to leisure as the primary life activity are often difficult for older persons. Leisure counseling is a method of helping older persons find self‐satisfaction in leisure and therefore better adjust to their life situations. This article presents some suggestions for effective leisure counseling with older persons.
Employment Counseling for the Elderly: Legislative History and Outlook
Authors: ODELL CHARLES E.
Published: February 2012

Employment counseling for older persons has traveled a rocky road in the United States. Awareness of the need was triggered by the 1929 depression and the manpower dislocations following World War II. The principal deliverers of services, the state employment services and nonprofit counseling agencies, are hard pressed to maintain adequate levels of support. Although Congress wants the agencies to do more, the Department of Labor and the Employment and Training Administration seem reluctant to capitalize on congressional interest. Future prospects seem brighter, as the baby boom of the 1950s becomes the senior boom of the next century.
Recognizing and Combating Sexist Job Interviews
Authors: GARRISON LAURA
Published: February 2012

This article is a self‐help guide that outlines for women job‐seekers clues to recognizing sexist job interviews and interviewers. It provides suggestions to women readers and their vocational counselors for overcoming sexist tactics and the job discrimination that may result. The sexist clues discussed in the article are common ones found in the standard personnel practices of many employers. Studying the points outlined will make women job‐seekers more aware of their rights as workers and will equip them to compete on their job‐related qualifications rather than personal ones. Counselors will find the article helpful in coaching women prior to interviews.
Some Unique Career Behavior Characteristics of Blacks: Career Theories, Counseling Practice, and Research
Authors: DILLARD JOHN M.
Published: February 2012

This article discusses some of the unique career behavior characteristics of Blacks as they relate to extant career development theories and social factors. Traditional theories assume that the individual has the opportunity to make realistic career choices and to gain occupational entry without consideration of the many situational factors involved. Dillard discusses situational factors as uniquely related to career choice behavior of Blacks (socioeconomic background, work ethic, career values, aspirations, expectations).
Anecdotes for Practitioners
Authors: BENNIGHT KATY
Published: February 2012

The purpose of this section is to allow our readers the chance to publish “anecdotes” concerning cases they have dealt with as counseling professionals. Stories about problems that you handled, either successfully or unsuccessfully, news of new programs or procedures, or comments on what is happening in the world of counseling—all are appropriate topics for upcoming issues. If you are or have been involved in something you think is interesting, write it down, and don't worry about the prose—that's our job. Send your material to Katy Bennight, 656 S.W. Fourth Terrace, Florida City, Florida 33034.
Behavioral Assessment of Job‐Related Skills
Authors: MATHEWS R. MARK , WHANG PAULA L. , FAWCETT STEPHEN B.
Published: February 2012

An important aspect of finding and retaining employment is a person's level of occupational skills. Little information, however, is currently available on the comparative levels of job‐related skills among both unemployed and successfully‐employed adults. This study, using direct‐observation techniques, analyzes the occupational skills of these two groups. The results show that employed adults performed significantly better than unemployed adults on each of 13 job‐related skills assessed. These differences were found for both job‐finding and job‐retention skills. These assessment methods may be useful to employment counselors interested in helping their clients find and retain satisfactory employment.
A Survey of Career Development in State and Local Government
Authors: GRIFFITH ALBERT R.
Published: February 2012

This article reports the results of a survey taken of the civil service systems of the 50 state and 50 largest city systems. The survey examined the career development services provided employees. This article reports characteristics of providers, the extent of services offered, the length of time offered, and the target of the services.
Unemployment in the Postindustrial Age: Counseling Redundant Workers
Authors: RUNDLE JACLYN , DeBLASSIE RICHARD R.
Published: February 2012

Currently, in the United States, redundancy counseling, dealing with jobless or displaced workers, is the exception rather than the rule in cases of plant closures. It is likely, however, that redundancy counseling will become more common in the future, as more U.S. manufacturers turn to production sharing. Indeed, it has been suggested that redundancy counseling might replace the traditional unemployment compensation system as a better method of dealing with unemployment in a rapidly changing, highly technological world.
The role of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in neuronal differentiation
Authors: Kim Joanne , Wan Carthur K. , J. O'Carroll Simon , Shaikh Shamim B. , Nicholson Louise F.B.
Published: February 2012

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor protein thought to play an important role in neuronal differentiation. RAGE can bind a number of ligands and activate a variety of signalling pathways that lead to diverse downstream effects. Amphoterin and S100B are endogenous ligands, the interaction of which with RAGE is known to be involved in defined physiological processes. The present study investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of the expression for RAGE and its ligands, amphoterin and S100B, during neuronal differentiation of NT2/D1 cells. In this study, all three proteins were shown to increase with progression of neuronal differentiation as determined by Western blotting, raising the possibility that both amphoterin and S100B may interact with RAGE and have important functions during the process of cell differentiation. Moreover, blocking the activation of RAGE with neutralizing antibody in the presence of retinoic acid disrupted the progression of normal neuronal differentiation. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) studies showed that amphoterin partially colocalized with RAGE within differentiating NT2 cells, whereas S100B showed a high degree of colocalization. This result suggests that S100B is more likely to be the principal ligand for RAGE during the differentiation process and that RAGE and amphoterin might have both independent and combined roles. Moreover, RAGE was expressed only in cells that were committed to a neuronal phenotype, suggesting direct involvement of RAGE in mediating cellular changes within differentiating neuronal cells. Further detailed studies are now required to characterize fully the role of RAGE during the neuronal differentiation period. © 2012 Wiley Peridicals, Inc.
Plastic flow in solids with interfaces
Authors: Gupta Anurag , Steigmann David J.
Published: February 2012

A non‐equilibrium theory of isothermal and diffusionless evolution of incoherent interfaces within a plastically deforming solid is developed. The irreversible dynamics of the interface are driven by its normal motion, incoherency (slip and misorientation), and an intrinsic plastic flow, and purely by plastic deformation in the bulk away from the interface. Using the continuum theory for defect distribution (in bulk and over the interface) we formulate a general kinematical framework, derive relevant balance laws and jump conditions, and prescribe a thermodynamically consistent constitutive/kinetic structure for interface evolution. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A polyhedral beam‐tracing method for modeling ultrawideband indoor radio propagation
Authors: Barros Fabrício J. B. , Costa Emanoel , Siqueira Gláucio L. , Bergmann José Ricardo
Published: February 2012

A three‐dimensional convex polyhedral beam‐tracing method for modeling ultrawideband indoor radio channels is presented.The model enables a fast and unambiguous generation of all propagation paths between the transmitter and the receiver over an 850‐MHz bandwidth. To validate the model, its results are compared with measurements. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:904–909, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26670
An analytical technique to fast evaluate mutual coupling integrals in spectral domain analysis of multilayered coplanar coupled striplines
Authors: Lucido M.
Published: February 2012

The analysis of propagation in multilayered coplanar coupled striplines by means of Galerkin's method in the spectral domain with expansion functions factorizing the edge behavior of the surface current density on each strip leads to the evaluation of slowly converging integrals. In this work a new analytical technique to express the mutual coupling integrals as rapidly converging series is presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1035–1039, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26674
Novel compact low temperature cofired ceramic ultrawideband SIR bandpass filter using different coupling schemes
Authors: Kewei Qian , Chanjuan Fan
Published: February 2012

A new ultrawideband quarter‐wavelength SIR filter using different coupling schemes is presented. In the proposed filter, weak coupling coefficient is realized using conventional edge‐coupled structure, while great coefficient is obtained by applying direct magnetic coupling between two resonators or overlapping resonators in different low temperature cofired ceramic layers. Based on the proposed strong coupling structures, the bandwidth is extended, while the size is largely reduced. Besides, spur lines are adopted to improve the stopband characteristic. In this article, a four‐pole filter of dimension 0.11λg × 0.18λg, with a 3‐dB bandwidth of 74.5% and a wide stopband up to 12 GHz, is designed and fabricated. Good agreement between measured and simulated results is observed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:967–970, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26679
Investigation of ultra‐wideband electromagnetic radiation based on SI‐GaAs photoconductive switches
Authors: Wei Shi , Weili Ji , Wanli Jia
Published: February 2012

A new ultra‐wideband electromagnetic pulse generating based on the photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSS) is presented. Semi‐insulated Gallium Arsenide is used to develop the PCSS for an ultrashort electromagnetic pulse source. The construction and the work principle of PCSS are illustrated in this paper. The experimental results of ultra‐wide‐band radiation with DC biased GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switch triggered by nanosecond (ns), picosecond (ps), femtosecond (fs) laser pulse, are reported respectively. The radiations of the PCSS triggered by the ns laser pulse, the ps laser pulse and fs laser pulse series illustrate that the electromagnetic pulses would have high repetition of more than 80 MHz and frequency bandwidth of DC‐7.6 GHz. The radiation characteristic of the ultrafast electrical pulse generated by PCSS is analyzed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:900–904, 2012;, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26683
Microstrip dual‐band bandstop filter to suppress DGS, DMB, GPS, UTMTS, WCDMA, WIBRO, and WLAN bands
Authors: Faraji Tayeb , Hazeri Ali Reza
Published: February 2012

In this article, a new microstrip dual‐band bandstop filter (DSBF) is proposed. By combining coupled three‐line microstrip structures, single transmission lines, and coupled open‐end stubs, a DSBF with high‐rejection levels and sharp frequency responses in the stopbands is found. The proposed DSBF is optimized to suppress DGS, DMB, GPS, UTMTS, WCDMA, WIBRO, and WLAN bands. The insertion loss in the two stopbands is >20 dB from 1.52 to 2.77 GHz and from 4.88 to 5.8 GHz. Four transmission zeros are realized at 1.7, 2.7, 5.1, and 5.8 GHz. Moreover, return loss of passband between the first and second stopbands is excellent. The proposed DSBF is simulated (by ADS simulator) and fabricated on a substrate with a thickness of 0.635 mm and a relative dielectric of 10.2. Here is an excellent agreement between simulation and measurement results. The overall size of the DSBF is 17.538 × 14.4 mm2. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:854–856, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26684
All‐optical coherence‐free microwave filter based on remodulation scheme utilizing different intensity modulators
Authors: Zhu K. , Ou H.
Published: February 2012

A simple all‐optical coherence‐free microwave notch filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The filter is based on remodulation scheme using a narrow‐linewidth laser, an intensity electro‐optic modulator, and a Sagnac fiber loop reflector to eliminate the coherent limitation and phase‐induced intensity noise. Both Mach‐Zehnder modulator and electroabsorption modulator are used in the microwave photonic filtering system, and different frequency responses are observed, respectively, in the experiment. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:993–995, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26687
Design of a vertically stacked reconfigurable dipole antenna for a base station
Authors: Hong Ic‐Pyo , Jung Young‐Jin , Eom Soon‐Young
Published: February 2012

A new design for a frequency reconfigurable antenna for a base station is presented with the use of a vertically stacked dipole structure and switches based on PIN diodes.The proposed antenna provides three frequency reconfigurations including Cellular (824–849 MHz), PCS, WCDMA, Wibro, WLAN (1700–2500 MHz), and WiMAX (3300–3600 MHz). Measured results on return losses, radiation patterns, and gains are provided, and these show good agreement with simulations. The proposed antenna in this article can be applied for the small base station or repeaters of future mobile wireless communications because of the small size and high‐gain features. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:964–967, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26688
Fiber bragg grating‐based load sensor without temperature dependence
Authors: Hu Limin , Dong Xinyong , Zhang Shuqin , Jin Shangzhong , Wang Yunpeng , Chan Chi Chiu , Shum Ping
Published: February 2012

A novel load sensor has been proposed and demonstrated by embedding a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) into a tapered cylindrical polymer rod. Load‐induced nonuniform strain field changes the bandwidth, and hence, the reflected optical power of the FBG. Temperature‐insensitive measurement of load has been realized by measuring the reflected optical power with only a low‐cost optical power meter. Load measurement sensitivity of 5.0 nW/N has been experimentally achieved within a range up to 1800 N. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:930–933, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26695