bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capacity Building Model of Social Assistance in Improving the Productive Economy of the Poor
Authors: Tamsah Hasmin , Ilyas Gunawan Bata , Sirajuddin  , Nur Yuswari , Yusriadi
Published: December 2020

This study aims to explore the influential factors in increasing productive economic endeavours and finding models for developing social assistance in improving productive financial efforts. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with in-depth interviews followed by a focus group discussion of 17 informants in the South Buton District and nine informants in the Kolaka Regency and two key informants from the social service office in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The results showed an increase in the capacity of social assistance to improve the economy of the poor in the districts of South Buton and Kolaka, including education, training, experience, and motivation. The social assistance capacity building model improves the productive economic endeavours of the poor in the districts of South Buton and Kolaka by taking some approaches, including a) Synchronisation and coordination of social ministry programs, provinces, and districts/cities; b) Enhancing necessary skills (making programs, proposals, reports, etc.); c) Increased analytical skills (analysis of raw material requirements, operational analysis, market analysis); d) Increased ability to use media (information, outreach, sharing, promotion, etc.); e) Increasing the capacity of entrepreneurial spirit.
Selected Papers of #AoIR2020: The 21st Annual Conference of the Association of Internet Researchers
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

Since its inception, the Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) has fostered critical reflection on the ethical and social dimensions of the internet and internet-facilitated communication. These ethical foci are clearly evoked throughout the thematics of the AoIR 2020 conference call, beginning with Power, justice, and inequality in digitally mediated lives; Life, sex, and death vis-à-vis social media; and Political life online.
Συμπεριφορική Χρηματοοικονομική - Η κατανόηση της ψυχολογίας των επενδυτών στις επενδυτικές αποφάσεις
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

Η παραδοσιακή χρηματοοικονομική θεωρία, η οποία βασίζεται στην υπόθεση της αποτελεσματικής αγοράς και της ύπαρξης καθόλα ορθολογικών επενδυτών αποτέλεσε το κυρίαρχο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο ανάλυσης της χρηματοοικονομικής για πολλές δεκαετίες. Παρόλα αυτά, όπως αναφέρει χαρακτηριστικά ο Καθηγητής Robert Shiller στις διαλέξεις του, “τα πράγματα δεν είναι τέλεια, ο κόσμος δεν είναι τέλειοςκαι στον κόσμο υπάρχουν πραγματικοί άνθρωποι”.
PTPN9 is differentially expressed in the tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: December 2020

Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is a monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (1) utilized for the treatment of adjuvant and metastatic breast cancer (2) in the United States and worldwide. We mined published microarray data (3, 4) to discover in an unbiased manner the most significant transcriptional changes associated with trastuzumab treatment. We identified PTPN9 among the genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer treated with trastuzumab. The primary tumors of breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab expressed higher levels of PTPN9 messenger RNA than did patients not treated with trastuzumab, and a single administration of trastuzumab was sufficient to result in differential expression of PTPN9 in primary tumors of the breast, demonstrating decreased expression of a negative regulator of the molecular target of trastuzumab (5) as an apparent transcriptional consequence of trastuzumab administration in patients with breast cancer.
LEGAL AND ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON (BIG) DATA, PLATFORMS, AI AND ALGORITHMS
Authors: AISDL
Published: December 2020

Since its inception, the Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) has fostered critical reflection on the ethical and social dimensions of the internet and internet-facilitated communication. These ethical foci are clearly evoked throughout the thematics of the AoIR 2020 conference call, beginning with Power, justice, and inequality in digitally mediated lives; Life, sex, and death vis-à-vis social media; and Political life online.
Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic tidal sedimentation in the Miocene to Pliocene Bouse Formation, palaeo-Gulf of California
Authors: O'Connell Brennan , Dorsey Rebecca , Hood Ashleigh , Hasiotis Stephen
Published: December 2020

Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic deposits provide unique insights into hydrodynamic processes that control sedimentation in tidal systems. This study presents sedimentologic an¬¬d ichnologic data from the upper Miocene¬ to lower Pliocene Bouse Formation, which accumulated during regional transgression at the margin of a tidal strait near the north end of the ancestral Gulf of California. The basal carbonate member of the Bouse Formation records deposition in a tide-influenced, compositionally mixed carbonate-siliciclastic system dominated by salt marsh, tidal flat, and channel environments. The basal carbonate member is an overall deepening up succession of facies associations (FA) comprising: FA1 siliciclastic-rich heterolithic facies, lime mudstone with desiccation cracks, and plant debris rich carbonate silt interpreted as siliciclastic-rich tidal flats; FA2 well-sorted gravels, siliciclastic-rich sandy strata, lime mudstone with desiccation cracks, and sandy microbial micrite interpreted as tidal-channel deposits; FA3 carbonate-rich heterolithic lime mudstone to well sorted, crossbedded bioclastic grainstone interpreted as intertidal to shallow subtidal deposits; and FA4 lime mudstone interpreted as shallow to deep subtidal low-energy deposits that record the end of tidal conditions in the basin. Trace fossils include marine forms Gyrolithes, Teichichnus, Thalassinoides, and non-diagnostic forms Arenicolites, Cochlichnus, Conichnus, Lockeia, Planolites, Skolithos, and Treptichnus (known from marine, brackish, and freshwater environments). The diminutive size of trace fossils reflects brackish conditions created by mixing of freshwater and seawater. This study provides evidence for a late Miocene to early Pliocene humid climate in southwestern North America, in stark contrast to the modern hyperarid climate. Factors that controlled the relative percent of mixed carbonate and siliciclastic sediment include siliciclastic input from local rivers, in situ carbonate production, current energy, degree of tidal mixing, and relative sea level. Pronounced facies variability at bedform, outcrop, and basin scale documented in this study appears to be an important characteristic of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic deposits in tidal depositional systems.
Human vs Humanoid. A behavioral investigation of the individual tendency to adopt the intentional stance
Authors: Marchesi Serena , Spatola Nicolas , Pérez-Osorio Jairo , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Humans interpret and predict behavior of others with reference to mental states or, in other words, by means of adopting the intentional stance. How to measure the likelihood to adopt the Intentional Stance towards humanoid robots still remain to be addressed. The present study investigated to what extent individuals adopt the intentional stance in explaining the behavior of two agents (a humanoid robot and a human). The present paradigm required participants to judge mentalistic or mechanistic descriptions as fitting or not to the displayed behaviors. We were able to measure their acceptance/rejection rate (as an explicit measure) and their response time (as an implicit measure). In addition, we examined the relationship between adopting the intentional stance and anthropomorphism. Our results show that at the explicit level (acceptance/rejection of the descriptions), participants are more likely to use mentalistic (compared to mechanistic) descriptions to explain other humans’ behavior. Conversely, when it comes to a humanoid robot, they are more likely to choose mechanistic descriptions. Interestingly, at the implicit level (response times), while for the human agent we found faster response time for the mentalistic descriptions, we found no difference in response times associated with the robotic agent. Furthermore, cluster analysis on the individual differences in anthropomorphism revealed that participants with a high tendency to anthropomorphize tend to accept faster the mentalistic description. In the light of these results, we argue that, at the implicit level, both stances are comparable in terms of “the best fit” to explain the behavior of a humanoid robot. Moreover, we argue that the decisional process on which stance is best to adopt towards a humanoid robot is influenced by individual differences of the observers, such as the tendency to anthropomorphize non-human agents.
Groovin’ to the Cultural Beat: Preferences for Danceable Music Represent Cultural Affordances for High-Arousal Negative Emotions
Authors: Liew Kongmeng , Koh Alethea Hui Qin , Fram Noah Roy , Brown Christina M , dela Cruz Cheslie , Neng Lee Li , Hennequin Romain , Krause Amanda E , Uchida Yukiko
Published: December 2020

Music is a product of culture. Cross-cultural examinations of music features can reveal novel information about the cultural psychological processes involved in shaping music preferences. The exploratory section (Studies 1 and 2) identified differences in music preferences through machine learning of East-Asian and Western popular music on Spotify (combined N = 1006644). In interpreting these results, we developed a theory on danceability as a music feature, that represents cultural affordances for high arousal emotions. Subsequent confirmatory studies (Studies 3-5, combined Nsongs = 3343, Nparticipants = 495, Ncountries = 60) tested this theory by examining danceability and the role of emotion in music preferences. Specifically, we found that danceability represents cultural affordances for high-arousal negative (HAN) emotions: societies with greater HAN emotion prevalence generally prefer listening to more danceable music. Consistently, this was also observed more in independent individuals and culturally looser countries. Using evidence from Japanese and American participants (Study 5), we propose a mechanism through discharge regulation in music: Cultures with looser cultural norms would also have more experiences of HAN emotions in daily life. Discharge regulation, or listening to music to cathartically release HAN emotions, would then skew music preferences towards high arousal (danceable) music to facilitate this cathartic HAN downregulation. These findings have implications for cross-cultural research by demonstrating that music features, being widely accessible and almost universally perceived, can quantify cultural tendencies towards affective (HAN emotion) norms beyond commonly-used self-report paradigms.
Failure to Detect Metric Measurement Non-Invariance: How Manifest Residual Variances, Indicator Communalities, and Sample Size affect the χ2-Test Statistic
Authors: Klopp Eric , Klößner Stefan
Published: December 2020

We investigate the effects of manifest residual variances, indicator communalities, and sample size on the χ2-test statistic of the metric measurement invariance model when the model is misspecified, i.e., there is at least one population loading that violates metric measurement invariance. First, we demonstrate the choice of the scaling method does not affect the model’s χ2-test statistic. Afterward, we demonstrate that the χ2-test statistic relates inversely to manifest residual variances, whereas sample size and χ2-test statistic show a positive relation. Moreover, we consider indicator communality as a key factor for the size of the χ2-test statistic. In this context, we introduce the concept of signal-to-noise ratio as a tool for studying the effects of manifest residual variance and indicator communality and demonstrate its use with the example. Finally, we discuss the limitations and the practical implications for the analysis of metric measurement invariance models.
Simulation Induces Durable, Extensive Changes to Self-Knowledge
Authors: Rubin-McGregor Jordan , Zhao Zidong , Tamir Diana
Published: December 2020

The sense of self is a hallmark of the human experience, but it is also unstable. Even simulating another person – thinking about their traits or experiences – can shift how one thinks about their own traits or experiences. Simulating a target shifts self-knowledge such that it becomes more similar to the target; in six studies, we explore how extensively these changes occur. In all studies, participants first rated or wrote about themselves in a specific context, then simulated another individual in the same context, and finally considered themselves again. We calculated how participants’ self-knowledge changed by comparing similarity to the target before vs. after simulation. In Studies 1-2, participants’ episodic memories shifted to be more similar to the simulated target; this change persisted at least 48 hours. Studies 3-4 shows that semantic self-knowledge changes after considering semantically related traits, while Study 5 shows that this effect extends to cross-language traits. Together, these results suggest that SIM causes durable, extensive changes in across both episodic and semantic self-knowledge.
Teaching & Learning Guide for: Measuring Implicit Intergroup Biases
Authors: Lai Calvin K. , Wilson Megan
Published: December 2020

[In press at Social & Personality Psychology Compass] A teaching and learning guide to accompany Measuring Implicit Intergroup Biases (https://psyarxiv.com/xs7nc). This guide is made for interested readers who would like to learn more or teachers who would like to teach this topic in their class.
Sprawozdanie z I Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Naukowej ,,Prawo Pracy w Dobie Kryzysu”
Authors: Jaworska Agnieszka , Młyńska Joanna , Rogala Monika
Published: December 2020

W dniu 14 maja 2020 r. odbyła się po raz pierwszy na Wydziale Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach I Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa pt. ,,Prawo Pracy w Dobie Kryzysu”.
Revitalization: new opportunities or new problems? The perspective of trader
Authors: Yulianti Ni Made Dhian Rani , Kintani Ayu Chandana Sri
Published: December 2020

The revitalization of traditional markets has gradually begun since 2018. Market revitalization focuses on improving infrastructure and even adding other facilities like modern retail.  Its purpose is surely to attract consumers to shop at traditional markets. Previous research has emphasized more on the impact of market revitalization on consumer interest in visiting and shopping, but it has less discussed the impact on traders. This study aimed at determining the impact of market revitalization on traders. Data collection was conducted by direct observation, documentation study, and interviewing 12 traders, of which 3 traders were interviewed on each floor. Adding one more person from market management and 12 visitors, to confirm the results of the seller interview. The results of the interview showed that there were problems overcame by traders, such as losing loyal customers, poor market layout so that not all traders had the opportunity to be visited, and maintenance of infrastructure, especially cleanliness.
WhatsApp como canal de información política en España: credibilidad, perfil de usuarios y compartición de contenidos
Authors: Pont-Sorribes Carles , Besalú Reinald , Codina Lluís
Published: December 2020

Mobile instant messaging has changed our communication habits. It has become the main communication channel between people through electronic devices and a new channel that can provide information about politics as well as allow interaction with it. For this reason, the main objectives of this research are: (a) to identify how Spanish citizens use WhatsApp as a political information tool, (b) to understand how Spanish citizens react to political information received via this platform, and (c) to analyze whether political information is shared in groups on the application and evaluate its level of credibility. A quantitative methodology is used in this research through the design of an online survey with a sample of 1,669 representative Spanish citizens, realized by the demographic studies company YouGov and weighted by sex, age, and area of residence. The study concludes that instant messaging has become clearly established in the Spanish communicative ecosystem, with 64% of Spanish people receiving at least one piece of news about political issues weekly through WhatsApp and 24% receiving five or more per week.

Resumen
La mensajería instantánea móvil ha cambiado nuestros hábitos comunicativos, convirtiéndose no sólo en el principal canal de comunicación mediante dispositivos electrónicos, sino también en un nuevo canal a través del que informarse de política y con el que interactuar con los contenidos informativos políticos. Por ello, los objetivos principales de esta investigación son: a) identificar la utilidad que los españoles dan a la plataforma WhatsApp como canal de información política; b) conocer las prácticas de los españoles ante la información política recibida en la plataforma; y c) analizar si la información política es compartida o no en los grupos de la aplicación, así como el grado de credibilidad que le otorgan los ciudadanos. La investigación emplea una metodología cuantitativa centrada en el diseño de una encuesta online con una muestra de 1.669 ciudadanos representativa de la población española, realizada por la empresa de demoscopia YouGov y ponderada por sexo, edad y zona de residencia. La investigación concluye que la mensajería instantánea se ha instalado de forma clara en el ecosistema comunicativo español. Un 64% de los españoles recibe al menos una noticia semanal de actualidad política a través de WhatsApp y un 24% recibe 5 o más noticias por semana.
Doxorrubicina no tratamento de adenocarcinoma de glândula salivar
Authors: De Paiva Felipe
Published: December 2020

Neoplasms that affect the salivary glands of dogs and cats are extremely rare, with no predilection for race or sex being reported. Clinical signs include an increase in local volume as the most frequent finding, and manifestations as a result of this increase. The definitive diagnosis is made through histopathological examination, but fine needle aspiration cytology is a good diagnostic screening test. Imaging tests such as radiography, ultrasound and computed tomography can assist in staging and therapeutic planning. The most suitable treatment is total surgical resection, which is not always feasible, in which case radiotherapy is the recommended therapy. Chemotherapy studies are very rare in this type of neoplastic disease. The objective of the report was to report the case of a thirteen-year-old canine, with the presence of irregular, firm, partially adherent mass, measuring approximately 8.5 x 7.6 x 4.0 cm, in the submandibular region and evolution of 4 months, already with histopathological diagnosis of salivary gland carcinoma after excisional biopsy. Cervical, abdominal and chest X-ray examinations were performed for general investigation and evaluation of surgical viability. A new surgery was performed, but without information about safety margins due to histopathological examination, and adjuvant chemotherapy with the combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide was recommended. The animal died after four sessions showing signs of tumor recurrence. Literature data related to chemotherapy treatment for salivary gland neoplasms are still scarce and further studies are needed.
Quérion dermatofítico em cadela: Relato de caso
Authors: Ferreira Tiago Cunha
Published: December 2020

Dermatophytosis is a fungal disease that can affect dogs and cats of different ages. An unusual presentation for this disease is the nodular form, called kerion. Several techniques are indicated in the literature for diagnosis, among them cytology stands out because it is a simple, inexpensive, and fast technique. In this report, a canine female was treated with an increase in volume in the upper right eyelid region. Upon physical dermatological examination, the lesion was alopecic and inflamed, with the presence of viscous content on palpation, being compatible with dermatophyte cherion. The cytological examination was performed with a fine-needle puncture, as well as the fungal culture of the secretion from the lesion. The cytological evaluation revealed inflammatory infiltrate and structures compatible with dermatophyte arthroconidia. After 30 days of sowing, the Microsporum Canis colonies grew. The patient's therapy was based on the use of Itraconazole in suspension (10mg/kg/day) for 45 days. At the end of the treatment, a clinical cure was obtained, with no inflammation and total repilation of the injured site.
КАТАЛИЗАТОР ОКИСЛЕНИЯ ВК-10-2 ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ФТАЛЕВОГО АНГИДРИДА ИЗ НАФТАЛИНА
Authors: Ziyadullaeva K. , Nurmanov S. , Mukhiddinov B. , Kodirov O. , Vapoev H.
Published: December 2020

В производстве фталевого ангидрида с неподвижным слоем катализатора используют трубчатые реакторы. Форма катализаторов в этом процессе достаточно разнообразна – червячки, кусочки, усеченные конусы, шарики, кольца Рашига, разно фигуры. Все это, как показали экспериментальные данные, снижает эффективность работы катализаторов как за счет разной нагрузки катализатора по сырью, так и за счет появления в слое катализатора горячих пятен, приводящих к спеканию катализатора.
Metode Pusat dan Circular Hough Transformation untuk Mendeteksi Lingkaran pada Sebuah Citra
Authors: Bahri Zaiful
Published: December 2020

Tulisan ini membahas tentang penerapan metode pusat dan Circular Hough Transformation(CHT) untuk mendeteksi semua lingkaran yang terkandung dalam citra baik lingkaran tunggal maupun lingkaran yang tumpang tindih. Metode pusat dan CHT memainkan peran penting dalam mendeteksi lingkaran yang terkandung dalam citra melalui array akumulator dua dimensi A(a, b) yang memiliki memori berurutan dengan titik pusat dari lingkaran yang tumpang tindih sehingga dapat dihitung untuk setiap titik pada kurva menggunakan nilai parameter jari-jari yang dipilih untuk mendapatkan nilai triplet (a, b, r) pada Circular Hough Transformation (CHT). Metode pusat merupakan alternatif lain untuk mendetekasi lingkaran dalam sebuah citra, melalui pre-processing seperti, input citra, deteksi objek, ambang batas tepi, skala abu-abu. Kemudian digunakan metode pusat untuk CHT. Akhirnya adalah mengimplementasikan metode pusat dan Cricular Hough Transformation menggunakan Matlab R2020b. Dengan sisitem yang dibangun dapat dideteksi seluruh lingkaran yang terdapat pada citra dengan akurasi 100% dengan memberikan intensitas cahaya 0.93 dan ambang batas 0.33 dan polarisasi objek gelap dan terang serta rentang jari-jaroi antara 16px dan 110px. Tentunya ini tidak berlaku untuk citra yang memuat lingkaran dengan jari-jari yang lebih dari 110px atau kurang dari 16px.

 

Kata kunci: Metode Pusat, Lingkaran, Jari-Jari, Citra, CHT

 

Abstract

This paper discusses the application of the center method and Circular Hough Transformation (CHT) to detect all circles contained in an image, both single circles and overlapping circles. The center and CHT methods play an important role in detecting the circle contained in the image via a two-dimensional accumulator array A (a, b) which has sequential memory with the center points of the overlapping circles so that it can be calculated for each point on the curve using parameter values. the radius selected to obtain the triplet values (a, b, r) of the Circular Hough Transformation (CHT). The center method is another alternative for detecting circles in an image, through pre-processing such as image input, object detection, edge threshold, grayscale. Then the central method for CHT was used. Finally is to implement the central method and the Cricular Hough Transformation using the Matlab R2020b. With the built system it can be detected all the circles in the image with 100% accuracy by providing a light intensity of 0.93 and a threshold of 0.33 and polarization of dark and light objects and a radius range between 16px and 110px. Of course this does not apply to images that contain circles with radii greater than 110px or less than 16px.

 

Keywords: Center Method, Circle, Radii, Image, CHT.
The methodological system of T.F. Kurdyumova, embodied in syllabi and textbooks
Authors: Romanichevа Elena S.
Published: December 2020

The article, that has been written to mark the centenary of the birth of Tamara Fyodorovna Kurdyumova, dwells on one of the aspects of her rich academic heritage, namely – her work on the syllabus of school literary education. The work has, in many aspects, determined the nature and ways of teaching literature at school, starting from the 1970s and up until today. The key (in the author’s view) academic and methodological papers associated with the work on the syllabus have been singled out of T.M. Kurdyumova’s methodological heritage. The article consistently demonstrates that the development of school literary education conception was started by the scholar in the late 1960s. The defense of the doctoral thesis where the framework of the future conception was outlined became a landmark on the way. Following the analysis of a range of academic publications, the article proves that an essential renovation of literature syllabi for schools (elaboration of the goal, the system of principles, the structure), which occurred in the early 1980s, was made with T.F. Kurdyumova’s direct involvement as well as with the involvement of her research group that conducted large-scale experimental work on the renovation of literary education content. The renovation was first of all connected with the elaborate and methodologically appropriate system of skills; with the representation of ’three circles of reading’ in the syllabus; with the description of the work on speech development according to three years of study. The author proves that the serious academic consideration of a range of issues associated with the syllabus construction allowed, through a series of experimental textbooks, to test and to rectify the methodological system
and later on, on its basis, to work out a study pack which since the mid-nineties and up until recently has been issued under the editorship of T.F. Kurdyumova by “Drofa” publishing company. The article is concluded by the inference on the uniqueness of the researcher’s academic experience; the task of the further study and analytical description is also set.
On the structural analysis of a literary work (on the example of Leo Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace”)
Authors: Fortunatov Nikolay M.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of teaching the Russian literature in high school. The author of the article, based on the concept of structure and on the basis of structural analysis, where the part is considered as part of the whole and carries the properties of the whole, suggests using this law to solve the following question: a small fragment of the text can give an idea of the meaning of the work as a whole, its ideas, the features of the writer’s skill, the creative process and the writer themselves. A special semantic message in the article is put on the term “theme”, which is characterized in the article as a specific, clearly organized emotional and imaginative material that has the ability to develop further, reincarnate in accordance with the general idea of the work and with its own laws. Moreover, the author emphasizes the paradoxical nature of the topic, since accuracy in it is born of inaccuracy: invariance is fused with variability, constancy with variability, statics with dynamics, so that it is impossible to separate one from the other. The article combines two types of research. One refers to the fundamental problems of the philological science: emotionality as the basis of the nature of literature and other arts, the specifics of the structure of a literary work, the concept of a topic in the literary science; the other puts specific questions of a methodological nature before teachers of literature. The approach to the analysis of a literary work stated above is demonstrated by the example of L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and peace”. In this case, it is taken into account that L.N. Tolstoy is the only one of the classical writers who went through three bloody military campaigns as an artillery officer in the active army and used his experience in creating “War and peace”.
Literary education in the context of STEAM approach (based on western research)
Authors: Getmanskaya Elena V.
Published: December 2020

The development of the STEAM-approach is one of the main trends in global education. It integrates Sciences (S), Тechnology (T), Engineering (E), Arts (A), and Mathematics (M). Future Specialists need comprehensive training in the exact Sciences, Biology, Engineering, and Design – and this future is being prepared today. STEAM education is introduced in Western schools from an early age. The most important theoretical position of this approach is the statement that a student who knows the artistic beginnings of life (literature, painting, music, art design), achieves more in mathematics, and in engineering, and in Sciences. STEAM-literature curriculum is also based on an interdisciplinary and applied approach. The purpose of a lesson on the analysis of a literary text, as a rule, is associated with the creation of a material object (model) by students, in which their knowledge of all the listed disciplines is comprehensively invested. The main tool for interpreting a literary text in this approach is design. Not just design tasks are solved in the classroom with its help – design is one of the basic forms of modern visual art. The main question, which the author of the article faces, is whether it is possible to implement such the technologies at school without losses for the studied work of art. The analysis of western models leads to the conclusion that the significance of literature, as an independent subject, changes within the STEAM-approach – part of its autonomy is delegated to other disciplines. At the same time, a new, unexpected configuration of subjects appears in the classroom: literature is now integrated with biology, design, and mathematics. Thus, the interdisciplinary basis of STEAM takes the teaching of literature to a new interdisciplinary level. At the same time, it raises some questions about the degree of presence of the literary text itself in this approach, and the laws of its creation and the depth of its interpretation by students.
CONDITIONS FOR ESTABLISHING A FULL-FLEDGEDCIVIL SOCIETY IN RUSSIA: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON THE BIOSOCIAL APPROACH
Authors: Saifullin R.G.
Published: December 2020

In the article are formulated the main features of civil society. Among them the most important is the social activity of the citizens. It is characterized as low in modern Russia, which indicates the undeveloped nature of civil society. The reasons for this are analysed from a bio-social perspective. It is shown that for the effective functioning and development of civil society, certain types of energy should prevail in its structure. The biological mechanisms of the appearance of these types in the inertial phase are analyzed. It is concluded that the full functioning of civil society in the modern West was facilitated by the presence of leading Western ethnic groups in this phase and that the energy structure of Russian society is currently radically different from the energy structure of Western societies during the inertial phase. Therefore, the functioning of a full-fledged civil society in Russia seems unlikely in the near future. The forecast is that the formation of a full-fledged civil society in Russia is possible in the second half of this century.
The algocracy as a new ideal type for government organizations: Predictive policing in Berlin as an empirical case
Authors: Lorenz Lukas , Meijer Albert , Schuppan Tino
Published: December 2020

Motivated by the classic work of Max Weber, this study develops an ideal type to study the transformation of government bureaucracy in the ‘age of algorithms’. We present the new ideal type – the algocracy – and position this vis-à-vis three other ideal types (machine bureaucracy, professional bureaucracy, infocracy). We show that while the infocracy uses technology to improve the machine bureaucracy, the algocracy automates the professional bureaucracy. By reducing and quantifying the uncertainty of decision-making processes in organizations the algocracy rationalizes the exercise of rational-legal authority in the professional bureaucracy. To test the value of the ideal type, we use it to analyze the introduction of a predictive policing system in the Berlin police. Our empirical analysis confirms the value of the algocracy as a lens to study empirical practices: the study highlights how the KrimPro system conditions professional assessments and centralizes control over complex police processes. This research therefore positions the algocracy in the heart of discussions about the future of the public sector and presents an agenda for further research.
Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation: Three Faces of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Merelli Amalia , Repetto Marisa , Lazarowski Alberto , Auzmendi Jerónimo
Published: December 2020

The cerebral hypoxia-ischemia can induce a wide spectrum of biologic responses that include depolarization, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and result in neurodegeneration. Several adaptive and survival endogenous mechanisms can also be activated giving an opportunity for the affected cells to remain alive, waiting for helper signals that avoid apoptosis. These signals appear to help cells, depending on intensity, chronicity, and proximity to the central hypoxic area of the affected tissue. These mechanisms are present not only in a large list of brain pathologies affecting commonly older individuals, but also in other pathologies such as refractory epilepsies, encephalopathies, or brain trauma, where neurodegenerative features such as cognitive and/or motor deficits sequelae can be developed. The hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a master transcription factor driving a wide spectrum cellular response. HIF-1α may induce erythropoietin (EPO) receptor overexpression, which provides the therapeutic opportunity to administer pharmacological doses of EPO to rescue and/or repair affected brain tissue. Intranasal administration of EPO combined with other antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds could become an effective therapeutic alternative, to avoid and/or slow down neurodegenerative deterioration without producing adverse peripheral effects.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in Alzheimer’s Disease Synaptic Dysfunction: Therapeutic Opportunities and Hope for the Future
Authors: Srivastava Akriti , Das Brati , Yao Annie Y. , Yan Riqiang
Published: December 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The impaired synaptic plasticity and dendritic loss at the synaptic level is an early event associated with the AD pathogenesis. The abnormal accumulation of soluble oligomeric amyloid-β (Aβ), the major toxic component in amyloid plaques, is viewed to trigger synaptic dysfunctions through binding to several presynaptic and postsynaptic partners and thus to disrupt synaptic transmission. Over time, the abnormalities in neural transmission will result in cognitive deficits, which are commonly manifested as memory loss in AD patients. Synaptic plasticity is regulated through glutamate transmission, which is mediated by various glutamate receptors. Here we review recent progresses in the study of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in AD cognition. We will discuss the role of mGluRs in synaptic plasticity and their modulation as a possible strategy for AD cognitive improvement.
Detection of the SQSTM1 Mutation in a Patient with Early-Onset Hippocampal Amnestic Syndrome
Authors: Carandini Tiziana , Sacchi Luca , Ghezzi Laura , Pietroboni Anna M. , Fenoglio Chiara , Arighi Andrea , Fumagalli Giorgio G. , De Riz Milena A. , Serpente Maria , Rotondo Emanuela , Scarpini Elio , Galimberti Daniela
Published: December 2020

Genetics has a major role in early-onset dementia, but the correspondence between genotype and phenotype is largely tentative. We describe a 54-year-old with familial early-onset slowly-progressive episodic memory impairment with the P392L-variant in SQSTM1. The patient showed cortical atrophy and hypometabolism in the temporal lobes, but no amyloidosis biomarkers. As symptoms/neuroimaging were suggestive for Alzheimer’s disease—but biomarkers were not—and considering the family-history, genetic analysis was performed, revealing the P392L-variant in SQSTM1, which encodes for sequestosome-1/p62. Increasing evidence suggests a p62 involvement in neurodegeneration and SQSTM1 mutations have been found to cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia. Our report suggests that the clinical spectrum of SQSTM1 variants is wider.
Consumer behavior analysis model based on machine learning
Authors: Li Zhou
Published: December 2020

The accurate mastery of demand information enables retailers to better respond to consumers and effectively manage inventory. However, the precise connection and interaction between this information collection and inventory management is more difficult to measure. In view of this, this paper proposes a research on inventory model based on consumer web search. Moreover, centering on the two main actors in the online search environment, consumers and retailers, this paper fully considers their characteristics and situations to construct an inventory model in the online search environment, and analyzes the ordering strategy. Moreover, based on the digital traces left by consumers in the decision-making process, this paper uses general search indicators and specific search indicators to measure consumer web search to explore the relationship between consumer web search indicators and the demand conversion rate proposed in the model. Moreover, this paper analyzes the model with examples. The research results are in line with model construction expectations.
Complex bipolar fuzzy sets: An application in a transport’s company
Authors: Gulistan Muhammad , Yaqoob Naveed , Elmoasry Ahmed , Alebraheem Jawdat
Published: December 2020

Zadeh’s fuzzy sets are very useful tool to handle imprecision and uncertainty, but they are unable to characterize the negative characteristics in a certain problem. This problem was solved by Zhang et al. as they introduced the concept of bipolar fuzzy sets. Thus, fuzzy set generalizes the classical set and bipolar fuzzy set generalize the fuzzy set. These theories are based on the set of real numbers. On the other hand, the set of complex numbers is the generalization of the set of real numbers so, complex fuzzy sets generalize the fuzzy sets, with wide range of values to handle the imprecision and uncertainty. So, in this article, we study complex bipolar fuzzy sets which is the generalization of bipolar fuzzy set and complex fuzzy set with wide range of values by adding positive membership function and negative membership function to unit circle in the complex plane, where one can handle vagueness in a much better way as compared to bipolar fuzzy sets. Thus this paper leads us towards a new direction of research, which has many applications in different directions. We develop the notions of union, intersection, complement, Cartesian product and De-Morgan’s laws of complex bipolar fuzzy sets. Furthermore, we develop the complex bipolar fuzzy relations, fundamental operations on complex bipolar fuzzy matrices and some operators of complex bipolar fuzzy matrices. We also discuss the distance measure on complex bipolar fuzzy sets and complex bipolar fuzzy aggregation operators. Finally, we apply the developed approach to a numerical problem with the algorithm.
Applications of statistical convergence of order (η, δ + γ) in difference sequence spaces of fuzzy numbers
Authors: Jasrotia Swati , Singh Uday Pratap , Raj Kuldip
Published: December 2020

In this article, we introduce and study some difference sequence spaces of fuzzy numbers by making use of λ-statistical convergence of order (η, δ + γ) . With the aid of MATLAB software, it appears that the statistical convergence of order (η, δ + γ) is well defined every time when (δ + γ) > η and this convergence fails when (δ + γ) < η. Moreover, we try to set up relations between (Δv, λ)-statistical convergence of order (η, δ + γ) and strongly (Δv, p, λ)-Cesàro summability of order (η, δ + γ) and give some compelling instances to show that the converse of these relations is not valid. In addition to the above results, we also graphically exhibits that if a sequence of fuzzy numbers is bounded and statistically convergent of order (η, δ + γ) in (Δv, λ), then it need not be strongly (Δv, p, λ)-Cesàro summable of order (η, δ + γ).
A probabilistic modeling approach for interpretable data inference and classification
Authors: Yao Shuaiyu , Yang Jian-Bo , Xu Dong-Ling
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we propose a new probabilistic modeling approach for interpretable inference and classification using the maximum likelihood evidential reasoning (MAKER) framework. This approach integrates statistical analysis, hybrid evidence combination and belief rule-based (BRB) inference, and machine learning. Statistical analysis is used to acquire evidence from data. The BRB inference is applied to analyze the relationship between system inputs and outputs. An interdependence index is used to quantify the interdependence between input variables. An adapted genetic algorithm is applied to train the models. The model established by the approach features a unique strong interpretability, which is reflected in three aspects: (1) interpretable evidence acquisition, (2) interpretable inference mechanism, and (3) interpretable parameters determination. The MAKER-based model is shown to be a competitive classifier for the Banana, Haberman’s survival, and Iris data set, and generally performs better than other interpretable classifiers, e.g., complex tree, logistic regression, and naive Bayes.
Clinical Experience with Eculizumab in Treatment-Refractory Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Generalized Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Katyal Nakul , Narula Naureen , Govindarajan Raghav
Published: December 2020

Background: Although established therapies are effective in most patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), some patients do not respond or they experience intolerable adverse events, highlighting the need for better tolerated, targeted therapies for treatment-refractory gMG. Objective: To describe real-world experience with eculizumab in patients with treatment-refractory acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) gMG. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 15 patients with treatment-refractory AChR+ gMG treated for 12 months with eculizumab (900 mg/week for 4 weeks then 1200 mg every 2 weeks). Outcome measures were Myasthenia Gravis–Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scores, number of exacerbations, single-breath count test (SBCT) score, medication changes, selected Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis (QMG) evaluations, and adverse events. Data collected at 3-monthly intervals for 12 months before and after eculizumab initiation were analyzed. Results: Clinically meaningful reductions in total MG-ADL scores were observed at 3 months following eculizumab initiation and maintained up to 12 months in all patients. After 12 months’ eculizumab treatment, there was a significant reduction in the number of acute exacerbations; mean (SD) SBCT score improved from 28.13 (0.33) to 50.26 (2.86); all patients achieved a ‘none’ or ‘mild’ rating for QMG evaluations; all patients reduced their daily prednisone dose; and nine patients had discontinued pyridostigmine. At the end of treatment, intravenous immunoglobulin was discontinued in all six patients receiving this therapy at eculizumab initiation. Eculizumab was well tolerated. Conclusions: This real-world study demonstrated improvement in outcome measures and decreased concomitant drug requirement within 12 months of eculizumab initiation in patients with treatment-refractory AChR+ gMG.
NEAT1 on the Field of Parkinson’s Disease: Offense, Defense, or a Player on the Bench?
Authors: Boros Fanni Annamária , Vécsei László , Klivényi Péter
Published: December 2020

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Considering the devastating symptoms, high prevalence, and lack of definitive diagnostic test, there is an urgent need to identify possible biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. Genes identified and/or proposed to be linked to PD encode proteins that fulfill diverse roles in cellular functions. There is a growing interest in identifying common traits which lead to the disease. Long non-coding RNAs have recently emerged as possible regulatory hubs of complex molecular changes affecting PD development. Among them, NEAT1 has attracted particular interest. It is a major component and the initiator of nuclear paraspeckles, thus regulating transcription and modifying protein functions. This review summarizes data available on the role of NEAT1 in PD. NEAT1 upregulation in PD has repeatedly been reported, however, whether this is part of a protective or a damaging mechanism is still a topic of debate. It has been proposed that NEAT1 propagates PD via its interaction with PINK1 and several micro RNAs and by modulating SNCA expression. On the other hand, findings of NEAT1 acting as a bona fide LRRK2 inhibitor argue for its protective role. These contradictory results could be due to the different disease models implemented. This calls attention to the difficulties posed by the complex patho-mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders and the limitations of disease models. However, the potential of NEAT1 as a biomarker and as a therapeutic target for PD highly warrants further research to elucidate its exact role in this neurodegenerative disorder.
Functional dissociation of multiple-object tracking mechanisms based on hemispheric asymmetries
Authors: Lesch Hendrik , Schoenfeld Mircea Ariel , Merkel Christian
Published: December 2020

Background:

A number of theoretical accounts have been put forward to explain the ability to simultaneously track multiple visually indistinguishable objects over a period of time. Serial processing models of visual tracking focus on the maintenance of the spatial locations of every single item over time. A more recent mechanism describes multiple object tracking as the ability to maintain a higher order representation of an abstract spatial configuration built by the illusory connection of the tracked items through their transition.

Objective:

The current study investigates the correspondence between these serial and parallel tracking accounts and the right hemispheric specialization for the space-based vs. left hemispheric for object-based attentional processing.

Methods:

Electrophysiological brain responses were recorded in two groups of patients with right- and left hemispheric lesions while performing in a multiple object tracking task.

Results:

The results suggest a failure to distinguish single item information for the right hemispheric patients accompanied by the absence of a known electrophysiological marker associated with single item tracking. Importantly, left hemispheric patients showed a graded behavioral and electrophysiological response to probe stimuli as a function of the congruence of the probe with the relevant target stimuli.

Conclusions:

The current data suggest that the differential contribution of serial and parallel tracking mechanisms during object tracking can partly be explained by the different functional contributions of the right and left brain hemispheres.