bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of chronic disease following smoking cessation treatment: A matched cohort study using linked administrative healthcare data in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Baliunas Dolly , Voci Sabrina , Selby Peter , de Oliveira Claire , Kurdyak Paul , Rosella Laura , Zawertailo Laurie , Fu Longdi , Sutradhar Rinku
Published: July 2023

Scarce evidence is available on the impact of real-world smoking cessation treatment on subsequent health outcomes, such as incidence of chronic disease. This study compared two cohorts of people that smoke—those that enrolled in a smoking cessation program, and a matched control that had not accessed the program—to assess the incidence of cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, hypertension, and major cardiovascular events over a 5-year follow-up period. We selected five sub-cohorts with matched treatment-control pairs in which both individuals were at risk of the five chronic diseases. Incident chronic disease from index date until December 31, 2017, was determined through linkage with routinely collected healthcare data. The cumulative incidence of each chronic disease was estimated using the cumulative incidence function with death as a competing risk. Gray’s test was used to test for a difference between matched treatment and control groups in the chronic disease-specific cumulative incidence function over follow-up. Analyses were stratified by sex. Among females, cumulative incidence of diabetes was higher over follow-up for the treatment group (5-year cumulative incidence 5.8% vs 4.2%, p = 0.004), but did not differ for the four other chronic diseases. Among males, cumulative incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (12.2% vs 9.1%, p < 0.001) and diabetes (6.7% vs 4.8%, p < 0.001) both had higher 5-year cumulative incidence for the treated versus control groups but did not differ for the other three chronic diseases. We conclude that accessing primary-care based smoking cessation treatment is associated with increased incidence of diabetes for both sexes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for males (possibly due to under diagnosis prior to treatment), within 5 years of treatment. The associations detected require further research to understand causal relationships.
Portable digital devices for paediatric height and length measurement: A scoping review and target product profile matching analysis
Authors: Soller Tasmyn , Huang Shan , Horiuchi Sayaka , Wilson Alyce N. , Vogel Joshua P.
Published: July 2023

Background

Routine anthropometry of children, including length/height measurement, is an essential component of paediatric clinical assessments. UNICEF has called for the accelerated development of novel, digital height/length measurement devices to improve child nutrition and growth surveillance programs. This scoping review aimed to identify all digital, portable height/length measurement devices in the literature or otherwise available internationally. We also assessed identified devices against the UNICEF Target Product Profile (TPP) to identify those of highest potential for clinical and public health use.

Method

We searched four databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL and Global Health) and the grey literature between 1st January 1992 and 2nd February 2023. We looked for studies or reports on portable, digital devices for height or length measurement in children up to 18 years old. Citations were screened independently by two reviewers, with data extraction and quality assessment performed in duplicate and disagreements resolved. Devices were evaluated and scored against the 34 criteria of the UNICEF TPP.

Results

Twenty studies describing twelve height/length measurement devices were identified, most of which used prospective validation designs. Additional devices were found in the grey literature, but these did not report key performance data so were not included. Across the twelve devices, only 10 of 34 UNICEF criteria on average could be fully assessed. Six met UNICEF’s ideal accuracy standard and one device met the minimum accuracy standard. The Leica DistoD2 device scored highest (41%), followed by Autoanthro in a controlled environment (33%) and GLM30 (32%). These devices may be high potential for further assessment and development, though further research is required.

Conclusion

While 12 portable, digital devices exist for child height/length measurement, insufficient data are available to fully assess whether they meet the industry’s needs. Although some devices show promise, further research is needed to test the validity of these devices in varying contexts, and continued development and commercialization will be important to improve reliability and precision of these devices for widespread use.
Individual and community-level factors associated with discrimination among women aged 15–49 years in Bangladesh: Evidence based on multiple indicator cluster survey
Authors: Haq Iqramul , Sarker Md. Mizanur Rahman , Chakma Sharanon
Published: July 2023

Background

This research aimed to examine the factors at both the individual and community levels that are linked to discrimination experienced by women aged 15–49 in Bangladesh.

Methods

The relevant data was taken from the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in Bangladesh. The risk factors for discrimination against women in Bangladesh were determined using multilevel logistic regression models.

Results

The overall prevalence of discrimination against women was found to be 10.4% (95% CI: 10.1–10.6). Based on the final model (Model 1V), at the individual level higher odds of discrimination were observed among women from poor (AOR:1.21,95%CI: 1.12–1.32) and middle income households (AOR:1.12, 95%CI:1.02–1.22) compared to those from rich households etc. Women who have never used ICT were 1.27 times (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.07–1.51) higher odds of discrimination when compared with women who were ICT exposed. Respondents who married before 18 years 10% more likely to (AOR = 1.10, 95% CI:1.02–1.19) discriminated than women married aged 18 years old or above. Women from urban communities were 15% less likely to experience discrimination than their rural counterparts. In comparison to the Sylhet Division, women in the Barisal, Chattogram, Dhaka, Khulna Mymensingh, Rajshahi, and Rangpur Divisions were respectively 3.02, 1.84, 1.68, 2.06, 4.97, 4.06, and 1.74 times more likely to experience discrimination.

Conclusion

Findings revealed that various individual-level factors such as wealth index, CEB, ICT exposure, marital status, functional difficulty, age, women’s happiness, magazine and radio exposure, age at marriage, current contraceptive use, polygamy, husband beating, place of attack, and household head age were found to have a significant association with women discrimination. Community-level factors such as residence and division were also found to have a notable impact on discrimination. Policymakers should incorporate substantial components targeting both individual and community levels into intervention programs with the goal of raising awareness about women’s discrimination.
Circular RNA mediated gene regulation in human breast cancer: A bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Fiscon Giulia , Funari Alessio , Paci Paola
Published: July 2023

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new acknowledged class of RNAs that has been shown to play a major role in several biological functions both in physiological and pathological conditions, operating as critical part of regulatory processes, like competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. The ceRNA hypothesis is a recently discovered molecular mechanism that adds a new key layer of post-transcriptional regulation, whereby various types of RNAs can reciprocally influence each other’s expression competing for binding the same pool of microRNAs, even affecting disease development. In this study, we build a network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions in human breast cancer, called CERNOMA, that is a bipartite graph with one class of nodes corresponding to differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and the other one corresponding to differentially expressed circRNAs (DEC) and mRNAs (DEGs). A link between a DEC (or DEG) and DEM is placed if it is predicted to be a target of the DEM and shows an opposite expression level trend with respect to the DEM. Within the CERNOMA, we highlighted an interesting deregulated circRNA-miRNA-mRNA triplet, including the up-regulated hsa_circRNA_102908 (BRCA1 associated RING domain 1), the down-regulated miR‐410-3p, and the up-regulated ESM1, whose overexpression has been already shown to promote tumor dissemination and metastasis in breast cancer.
Genetics of cannabis use in opioid use disorder: A genome-wide association and polygenic risk score study
Authors: Hillmer Alannah , Chawar Caroul , Lamri Amel , Hudson Jacqueline , Kapczinski Flavio , Minuzzi Luciano , Marsh David C. , Thabane Lehana , Paterson Andrew D. , Samaan Zainab
Published: July 2023

Background

Individuals with an Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) have increased rates of cannabis use in comparison to the general population. Research on the short- and long-term impacts of cannabis use in OUD patients has been inconclusive. A genetic component may contribute to cannabis cravings.

Aims

Identify genetic variants associated with cannabis use through Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) methods and investigate a Polygenic Risk Score (PRS). In addition, we aim to identify any sex differences in effect size for genetic variants reaching or nearing genome-wide significance in the GWAS.

Methods

The study outcomes of interest were: regular cannabis use (yes/no) (n = 2616), heaviness of cannabis use (n = 1293) and cannabis cravings (n = 836). Logistic and linear regressions were preformed, respectively, to test the association between genetic variants and each outcome, regular cannabis use and heaviness of cannabis use. GWAS summary statistics from a recent large meta-GWAS investigating cannabis use disorder were used to conduct PRS’s. Findings are limited to a European ancestry sample.

Results

No genome-wide significant associations were found. Rs1813412 (chromosome 17) for regular cannabis use and rs62378502 (chromosome 5) for heaviness of cannabis use were approaching genome-wide significance. Both these SNPs were nominally significant (p<0.05) within males and females, however sex did not modify the association. The PRS identified statistically significant association with cannabis cravings. The variance explained by all PRSs were less than 1.02x10-2.

Conclusion

This study provides promising results in understanding the genetic contribution to cannabis use in individuals living with OUD.
Habitat isolation interacts with top-down and bottom-up processes in a seagrass ecosystem
Authors: Carroll Elizabeth W. , Freestone Amy L.
Published: July 2023

Habitat loss is accelerating at unprecedented rates, leading to the emergence of smaller, more isolated habitat remnants. Habitat isolation adversely affects many ecological processes independently, but little is known about how habitat isolation may interact with ecosystem processes such as top-down (consumer-driven) and bottom-up (resource-driven) effects. To investigate the interactive influence of habitat isolation, resource availability and consumer distribution and impact on community structure, we tested two hypotheses using invertebrate and algal epibionts on temperate seagrasses, an ecosystem of ecological and conservation importance. First, we hypothesized that habitat isolation will change the structure of the seagrass epibiont community, and isolated patches of seagrass will have lower epibiont biomass and different epibiont community composition than contiguous meadows. Second, we hypothesized that habitat isolation would mediate top-down (i.e., herbivory) and bottom-up (i.e., nutrient enrichment) control for algal epibionts. We used observational studies in natural seagrass patches and experimental artificial seagrass to examine three levels of habitat isolation. We further manipulated top-down and bottom-up processes in artificial seagrass through consumer reductions and nutrient additions, respectively. We indeed found that habitat isolation of seagrass patches decreased epibiont biomass and modified epibiont community composition. This pattern was largely due to dispersal limitation of invertebrate epibionts that resulted in a decline in their abundance and richness in isolated patches. Further, habitat isolation reduced consumer abundances, weakening top-down control of algal epibionts in isolated seagrass patches. Nutrient additions, however, reversed this pattern, and allowed a top-down effect on algal richness to emerge in isolated habitats, demonstrating a complex interaction between patch isolation and top-down and bottom-up processes. Habitat isolation may therefore shape the relative importance of central processes in ecosystems, leading to changes in community composition and food web structure in marine habitats.
Primary spontaneous pneumomediastinum: 237 cases in a single-center experience over a 10-year period and assessment of factors related with recurrence
Authors: Yu Min Hyuk , Kim Jin Kyem , Kim Taeho , Lee Hong Seon , Kim Dong Kyu
Published: July 2023

Objective

To evaluate the precipitating factors and symptoms of primary spontaneous pneumomediastinum (PSPM) and to assess the factors related with recurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum (RSPM).

Methods

From 2010 to 2021, 237 PSPM patients were included in this retrospective study. Clinical information including in-hospital periods, morbidity, mortality, presenting symptoms, precipitating events, smoking, and asthma history was obtained. The patients with smoking history were subdivided into “ex-smoker” or “current smoker”. The severity of asthma was categorized into “mild intermittent”, “mild persistent”, “moderate persistent”, or “severe persistent”. During follow-up, patients with RSPM were classified into “recurrence” group and the others were into “no recurrence” group. Multivariate regression analysis was used to elucidate the associated factors with RSPM.

Results

The mean age of study patients (men: women = 222: 15) was 23.4 years and mean period of hospital stay was 7.5 days. There was no mortality and morbidity. Most frequent symptom and precipitating factor were acute chest pain (n = 211, 89.0%) and cough (n = 72, 30.4%), respectively. RSPM occurred in 11 patients (4.6%). The proportion of patients with smoking (72.8% vs. 37.1%, p = 0.010) or asthma (81.8% vs. 39.8%, p<0.001) was significantly higher in “recurrence” group than “no recurrence” group. On multivariate analysis, asthma was the only factor associated with RSPM (mild intermittent/persistent, OR = 7.092, p = 0.047; moderate persistent, OR = 8.000, p = 0.011).

Conclusion

PSPM is a benign disease with no morbidity and mortality. Asthma may be the associated factor with RSPM; thus, despite the low rate of recurrence, patients with asthma should be informed about the chance of RSPM.
The ‘look’! Aesthetic labour, aesthetic norms and appearance-based recruitment in the runway modelling industry
Authors: Jestratijevic Iva , Rudd Nancy A.
Published: July 2023

Aesthetic labour in the runway modelling industry refers to the practice of recruitment of models-workers on the basis of desired corporeal and facial dispositions. Aesthetic labour theory foregrounds embodiment, which situates the value of physical appearance and aesthetic norms in the workplace context showcasing how the models-workers get recruited and stratified based on their looks. The study employs an explanatory sequential mixed-method design to investigate aesthetic norms including the desired corporeal and facial dispositions that are expected from models-workers in the runway modelling industry. The study included two phases, a quantitative phase and a qualitative phase. The main objective of the first, quantitative research phase, was to investigate the aesthetic norms among 609 international runway models who were recruited to perform in designer exclusive fashion shows during seven consecutive annual fashion week seasons from 2013 to 2020 in New York, Paris, London and/or Milan. The main objective of the second qualitative research phase was to qualify aesthetic norms through a visual content analysis, and in-depth exploration of 40 unretouched professional modelling snapshots (photographs of face and body) for the top new model talents in the 2019–20 fashion season. Model photos were extracted from the popular industry website, Models.com. The rationale for collecting both quantitative and qualitative data was to form a robust and comprehensive assessment of aesthetic norms in the runway modelling industry. The same level of comprehensiveness would not be obtained by using either type of data individually. This article advances academic research on aesthetic labour in the fashion and modelling industry by showcasing why appearance-based recruitment in this sector represents the practice of occupational segregation that creates social inequalities and negatively impacts the labour market.
Podcasting as a feminist space for the disclosure of trauma and intimate embodied experience: The Heart as a case study of quiet activism
Authors: Karathanasopoulou Evi , Williams Helen
Published: July 2023

The ‘#MeToo’ movement established the disclosure of sexual violence via social media as mainstream and offered participants space to share experiences, receive support and create a sense of community. As a response, we explore the use of podcasting as a conduit to describe embodied experiences and how non-visual media can provide a safe environment to reveal deeply personal experiences. We use the podcast The Heart (mini-series No) as a case study to highlight patriarchal power and sexual violence myths. The result is profoundly discomforting but also emancipatory – talking about sexual violence can constitute a revolutionary act given the stigma and victim blaming prevalent in western society. The Heart makes private, intimate experiences public and centres female perspectives, highlighting disparate, gendered perceptions. As ‘#MeToo’ underscored the universality of women’s experiences of male harassment, we argue that The Heart is an example of ‘quiet activism’ and public scholarship that challenges patriarchal assumptions.
Parâmetros intrínsecos da argila dura cinza esverdeada da Formação Resende
Authors: Demarchi Flávia , Marinho Fernando , Camargo Barros José Maria
Published: July 2023

As argilas duras são materiais que possuem características muito particulares, que podem influenciar diretamente no desenvolvimento de projetos e segurança das obras. Na cidade de São Paulo, um dos principais solos de ocorrência são justamente argilas desse tipo, as chamadas argilas duras cinza-esverdeadas. A história geológica desse material pode induzir uma estrutura particular no solo e a influência dessa estrutura poderá ser compreendida a partir da comparação de seus parâmetros naturais com os parâmetros intrínsecos, que são aqueles obtidos em ensaios com amostras reconstituídas aqui apresentados. Atualmente, os poucos dados disponíveis sobre este solo na literatura são referentes apenas a ensaios realizados com amostras indeformadas, não havendo dados de amostras reconstituídas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é determinar os parâmetros intrínsecos desta argila, por meio de ensaios na condição reconstituída.
Avaliação do comportamento de rejeitos de mineração através de modelagem numérica de ensaios Simple Shear
Authors: Farenzena Helena Portela , Carvalho João Vítor de Azambuja , Medina Guilherme Schmitt , Ruver Cesar Alberto
Published: July 2023

No contexto da engenharia de barragens mundial, o estudo do comportamento dos rejeitos de mineração vem sendo muito fomentado. No Brasil, um país com alta produção mineradora, a preocupação com o comportamento dos rejeitos ganhou ênfase após os desastres recentes. Uma das maneiras de analisar o comportamento destes materiais é por meio de ensaios de laboratório, sendo o equipamento de Simple Shear, uma ferramenta robusta para análises com o princípio das deformações planas. Este trabalho objetivou a reprodução de comportamento de um rejeito de mineração de bauxita a partir de modelagem numérica utilizando a versão estudantil do software ABAQUS®. Utilizou-se o modelo constitutivo CamClay Modificado para o material e comparou-se os resultados obtidos com os resultados experimentais apresentados por Gonçalves (2021) para as tensões confinantes efetivas de 50 e 100 kPa. O modelo apresentou boa adequação, convergindo para a tensão de confinamento efetiva média.
Ter Presente: Arquiteturas em Arquivo
Authors: Bandeirinha José António , Correia Nuno
Published: July 2023

Pela primeira vez, o Arquivo de Arquitectura da Universidade de Coimbra — AAUC — sai à rua e mostra-se à cidade e ao mundo. Esse é o propósito desta exposição.
Nascido no seio da escola de arquitectura, do Darq, as intenções que lhe subja- zem não divergem muito das da maioria dos restantes arquivos, organizar e preservar documentos para a posteridade. Mas este tipo específicode preservação, associada aos arquivos de arquitectura, é relativamente recente em Portugal.
„A gazdasági teljesítőképesség a háború kimenetele szempontjából is döntő.”
Authors: Trautmann László , Kis-Benedek József
Published: July 2023

A Világpolitika és Közgazdaságtan interjút készített Kis-Benedek József egyetemi tanárral, a Nemzeti Közszolgálati Egyetem és a Milton Friedman Egyetem oktatójával. Az interjúban érintettük az orosz-ukrán konfliktus hosszabb távú biztonságpolitikai hatásait, következményeit Eurázsia geopolitikai szerkezetére nézve, és az amerikai szerepvállalást ebben a tekintetben. Az interjú 2023. május 30-án készült.
„Részvétel a biztonság megteremtésében” : Beszélgetés Porkoláb Imre tábornokkal, védelmi innovációért felelős miniszteri biztossal
Authors: Balogh Attila , Porkoláb Imre
Published: July 2023

2023. május 11-én a Fejlődésgazdaságtani Szakosztály látta vendégül egy háttérbeszélgetésen Porkoláb Imrét, a védelmi innovációért felelős miniszteri biztost. A beszélgetés a jövő hadseregéről és a magyar haderő felzárkózásáról szólt.
Iparpolitikai stratégiák Európában - Csehország
Authors: Szabó Dorottya
Published: July 2023

Csehország iparpolitikája elemzése során a Nemzeti helyreállítási tervet (NPO), valamint az Ipari és Kereskedelmi Minisztérium hatásköre alá tartozó projekteket, elsősorban a RIS3 (Research and Innovation Strategy for Smart Specialization) stratégia keretében létrehozott „Nemzeti Innovációs Platformokat” használtuk támpontnak. A foglalkoztatáspolitika terén a Cseh Köztársaság nemzeti helyreállítási tervének 2030-ig szóló stratégiáját vettük alapul.
„We need guidance independent rule-making thinking” : Interview with dr. Ádám Balog, Vice President of BKIK
Authors: Szabó Dorottya , Trautmann László , Balog Ádám
Published: July 2023

World Politics and Economics interviewed Dr. Ádám Balog on the role of compliance awareness among SMEs, why rule-making is important for both internal company operations and inter-company cooperation, and what the chamber system can do to raise awareness.
Iparpolitika és felnőttképzés
Authors: Trautmann László , Vida Cecília
Published: July 2023

A tanulmány célja a hazai kis- és középvállalati szektor műszaki és gazdasági jövőképének feltárása. A témaválasztás alapvető oka az, hogy véleményünk/meglátásunk szerint fordulat megy végbe az globális és a hazai iparpolitikában. A napjainkban kialakuló új iparpolitikai irány nagyobb mértékben támaszkodik a gazdasági szereplők részvételére a technológiai és gazdaságpolitikai célok végrehajtásában jellemzően a felzárkózó országokban. Ez fordulat a korábbi időszakhoz képest, aminek az volt a jellegzetessége, hogy főleg a centrum országokban volt csak jelen a meghatározó gazdaságpolitikai irány. A felzárkózó területek csak nagyon csekély mértékben vettek részt a technológia-politikai vagy gazdaságpolitikai irányításban.
Politikai ciklusok- statisztikai adatok
Authors: Botos József , Botos Katalin
Published: July 2023

A politika legitimációjához elkerülhetetlen a reálbér-alakulás figyelemmel kísérése. A polgárok politikai elégedettségét alapvetően a reál-jövedelmek alakulása befolyásolja. A rendszerváltozás előtti harminc évben a reálbér – az utolsó három év, 1987-89 kivételével – emelkedett. Amikor csökkenni kezdett, a rendszer megbukott. 1990 után nagy életszínvonal-esés, reálbér-csökkenés következett be, különösen a második ciklustól. Ezt követően 2010-ig minden kormányt leszavaztak a választók, mert nem tudta elérni még az 1990-es szintet sem. S amikor mégis sikerült megtartani a hatalmat, emelni a reálbéreket, ezt azon az áron tették, mint a Kádár-korszak kormányzata: az eladósodás terhére. Amikor ennek 2009-ben megálljt parancsolt a nemzetközi pénzpiac, meg is bukott a kormány. 2010-től minden évben sikerült a reálbéreket országosan emelni. A humán ágazatok azonban lemaradtak, a versenyszférában nőtt a reálbér. Ezt a gazdaságélénkítő politika a GDP emelésével és az exporttöbbletekkel jól szolgálta. A nagyobb GDP-ből is a korábbinál nagyobb lett a bérből élők által megkapott jövedelem-hányad. Elérte %-ban a rendszerváltás előtti utolsó év szintjét. A politika így többszörösen újrázni tudott. A humán tőke ágazatai azonban lemaradtak ebben a folyamatban. Lemaradtak a nyugdíjasok is.
Partnerség az iparpolitikai tervezésben – a finn modell : Interjú dr. Urkuti Györggyel, a Magyar-Finn Társaság elnökével
Authors: Urkuti György , Világpolitika
Published: July 2023

A Világpolitika és közgazdaságtan folyóirat egyik kiemelt témája az iparpolitikai tervezés bemutatása, a különböző országok iparpolitikai, technológiapolitikai irányainak és az iparpolitikai tervezés eszközeinek bemutatása. Ennek érdekében kértünk interjút dr. Urkuti Györgytől, a Magyar-Finn Társaság elnökétől, aki Magyarország korábbi helsinki nagykövete volt 2018-2021 között.
Kimozdulni a céltalanságból
Authors: Szabó Dorottya
Published: July 2023

A BBC Sounds podcast sorozatai 2023.február 10. A Business Daily „Getting into Business” című podcast sorozata vállalkozások létrejöttével, történetével foglalkozik szerte a világon. A podcast részek célja bemutatni, milyen elindulni egy üzleti ötletével; melyek a vállalkozás alapításának körülményei, a működés tényezői. Ebben az epizódban India egyik leggyorsabban növekvő startupjával, a Zepto nevű élelmiszer házhozszállítóval foglalkoznak, mely értéke a második évre megközelíti az 1 milliárd dollárt. A rész célja bemutatni, hogyan jött létre a vállalkozás és mi tette lehetővé a gyors növekedést.
A modernised ECT reflecting EU values and objectives: a multilateral framework promoting energy investment in a sustainable way?
Authors: Georgiou Natasha A
Published: July 2023

In recent years, the Energy Charter Treaty has come under immense scrutiny and criticism for allegedly protecting the fossil fuel industry and undercutting sovereignty. As a key stakeholder in the modernisation process, the EU has been determined to reform the investment protection standards and the investor–state dispute settlement mechanism to include new provisions on sustainable development and climate change. However, after three years of protracted negotiations, the proposed reform of the Energy Charter Treaty needs to appropriately address the escalating global challenges regarding climate action and sustainable development. With member states such as Poland, Spain and the Netherlands announcing their intention to withdraw, the future of the Charter is hanging in the balance. This article focuses on the modernisation of the Energy Charter Treaty and whether the reformed Charter is fit for purpose, from an EU perspective, to address the impacts of climate change. In the absence of meeting core EU objectives and alignment with the Paris Agreement, this article questions whether the EU can deviate from the only multilateral framework in the energy sector to address the EU’s climate policy goals. The extent to which the Charter is capable of a new lease of life, moving from the ashes of the Cold War as an instrument facilitating investment protection to a green treaty promoting sustainable development and climate change, remains to be seen.
Delhi - Beyond its 'appearance'
Authors: Bansal Anupam
Published: July 2023

In this essay Anupam Bansal depicts the character of the grain of the Delhi rather than its iconic. It presents a day to day reality of the city rather than its 'appearance' captured in tourist postcards. Vasant Kunj, a large planned colony in S-W Delhi is studied as a spatial transect rather than a single neighbourhood or housing typology because this type of spatial analysis allows for a picture of Delhi that demonstrate the ways in which the formal and the informal, the authorized and the unauthorised, and the planned and the unplanned coexist. Outside of Lutyens Delhi, any such transect will reveal a similar cross-section of settlement and housing types. For the purpose of this essay, Vasant Kunj is referred to as a geographical extent extending approximately 7 km between the Mahipalpur Village on the West and Mehrauli on the Eastern edge.
The Secret Behind the Actor-and-Avatar Fmri-Study
Authors: Kegel Lorena
Published: July 2023

A brief overview of a neuroscience study that used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure the brain's response to human faces and avatars. In summary it showed that some regions in our brain work differently when we look at actor faces than when we look at avatar faces. Furthermore, if epilepsy is present, it influences these brain
A visão de mundo de Emil Cioran e Louise Hay à luz da Linguística de Corpus
Authors: Mateus Lucas Amâncio
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, objetivamos investigar os aspectos conceituais da visão de mundo do filósofo pessimista Emil Cioran e da escritora otimista e motivacional Louise Hay, trazendo a definição do vocábulo mundo presente nos subcorpora de trabalhos desses autores. A metodologia do trabalho advém da Linguística de Corpus, cujos embasamentos teóricos são os de Berber Sardinha (2004), e da Terminologia e Terminografia em Aubert (2001), Barros (2004) e Krieger e Finatto (2004), que propiciam a organização de conceitos e a construção de uma definição terminológica para o termo desejado (mundo), nos textos de Cioran e Hay, com respaldo na criação de verbetes em Pontes (2009) e Fromm (2002, 2007). Neste artigo, traçam-se as etapas para o preenchimento da microestrutura de um verbete baseado em obras de literaturas antagônicas e a categorização semântica dos resultados, o que possibilita que mais vocábulos de obras como essas tenham subsídio teórico-metodológico adequados para a criação de novos verbetes terminológicos.
Características clínico-epidemiológicas de las pacientes con diagnóstico de Cáncer de Mama en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, 2014-2018.
Authors: Rodríguez Balarezo Andrés Sebastián , Lema Guaraca Christian Alexander Lema Guaraca , Illares Guncay Luis Xavier
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Past and ongoing research on breast cancer has enormous implications for improving clinical outcomes. Considering that breast cancer is a pathology that ranks first among neoplasms, both worldwide and in our environment, we conducted this study to learn about the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with breast cancer treated at the Oncology Unit of Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga Specialties (HEJCA). METHODS: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. We included 308 clinical records of patients diagnosed by histology and treated for breast carcinoma at the Oncology Unit of Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga from 2014 to 2018. The variables included in the study were: year of diagnosis, age, origin, residence, BMI, contraceptive use, histological subtype, immunohistochemical subtype, clinical stage, surgical treatment and mortality (with a 3-year follow-up). The results are presented in tables and graphs with frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: The study population included 308 patients with an age range from 25 to 93 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 55.79±12.61; 42.2% of the population was overweight; the most frequent histological diagnosis was infiltrating ductal carcinoma, in 82.1% of the population; the most common molecular subtype was luminal B subtype (49.4%); clinical stage IIA was the most frequent at diagnosis with 36%; radical mastectomy was the most frequent surgical approach (53.2% of the cases). CONCLUSION: Breast cancer occurred most frequently in the fifth decade of life, the average age at diagnosis was 55.79 ± 12.61 years. The most frequently diagnosed histological subtype was infiltrating ductal carcinoma and the Luminal B molecular subtype was the most common. Most patients were diagnosed at clinical stage IIA. Radical mastectomy was the most frequently performed surgical approach (53.2% of patients).
Índice de Nottingham en cáncer de mama como factor pronóstico y de supervivencia en el Instituto De Cancerología y Hospital Dr. Bernardo Del Valle S. Guatemala
Authors: Pazmiño Palacios Juan Bernardo , Mérida Molina Juan Carlos , Dubón García Elsa Rubidia
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women. The Nottingham Prognostic Index allows the use of a clinicopathological score, resulting in 3 prognostic groups. The aim of the present study was to determine the survival time and disease-free period and its association with the results of the application of the Nottingham Prognostic Index in patients with early stage breast cancer treated at Instituto De Cancerología y Hospital Dr. Bernardo Del Valle S, Guatemala. METHODS: An observational, descriptive, retrospective study was performed, which included 268 patients who underwent surgery after confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer, stages Ia, Ib, IIa or IIb according to TNM classification, between 2011 and 2014, at Instituto De Cancerología y Hospital Dr. Bernardo Del Valle S, of Guatemala. The study variables were: age, clinical stage, Nottingham index, molecular subtypes, survival and disease-free period, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years, until the last registered control. Chi-square calculation was used to look for correlation between the studied variables, statistical significance was considered with a p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 56 years. The most common clinical stage was IIa (50%), among these patients 63% had a moderate prognosis (p ≤0.0001). The most frequent molecular subtype was luminal A (49%), of the patients with this subtype the majority (53% n=70) had a moderate prognosis (p=0.008). Among patients with a poor prognosis according to the Nottingham index, the majority (52.7%) had a disease-free period between 0 and 3 years and only 11% had a disease-free period of 7 or more years (p=0.043). Among those with a poor prognosis, the majority (47%) had a survival time between 0 and 3 years and 40.27% between 4 and 6 years (p=0.027). CONCLUSION: The results of the application of the Nottingham Prognostic Index have statistically significant association with clinical stage (p≤0.0001),molecularsubtype (p=0.008), disease-free period (p=0.043) and survival time (p=0.027); therefore it is a good predictor of survival time and disease-free period for breast cancer, and also allows us to correlate the different molecular subtypes and their prognosis.
Artículo de Revisión: Efectos metabólicos de la terapia nutricional en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y/u obesidad o sobrepeso
Authors: Benalcázar Rodríguez Yolanda Beatriz , Torres Jerves Jorge Ándres
Published: July 2023

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease with multiple associated factors that has generated a high health impact worldwide; at the same time, rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus also increase with increasing body mass index. Medical nutrition therapy and a focus on lifestyle changes remain key components in the management of overweight and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, there is little evidence on the different types of nutritional interventions used as a therapeutic strategy in these patients; therefore, the aim of the present review article is to evidence the metabolic effects of nutritional therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or obesity or overweight. A literature search was conducted for Randomized Controlled Trials published between 2015 and 2021, in English and Spanish languages, conducted with patients aged 18 years or older, with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or overweight or obesity, who were intervened with medical nutritional therapy in order to know the metabolic effects of the diet. The search terms (keywords) included: "obesity", "overweight", "type 2 diabetes mellitus", in combination with "very low calorie ketogenic diet", "Mediterranean diet" and "low carbohydrate diet", using the Boolean operator "and". We found 11 published Randomized Controlled Trials that met the eligibility criteria
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in COVID-19 patients at the RSPTN UNHAS, Makassar
Authors: Mus Rosdiana , Aryandi Rahmat Aryandi , Islawati Islawati , Agustina Titin
Published: July 2023

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) as part of the novel coronavirus. Clinical monitoring and appropriate treatment strategies are essential to reduce case fatality. Various examination parameters to support diagnosis such as ESR and CRP in assessing the response of a systemic inflammatory process. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels can be used in the initial diagnosis of pneumonia and patients with severe pneumonia have high CRP levels. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) as a non-specific inflammatory response examination which has increased in various physiological disorders such as infection and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of ESR and CRP as biomarkers of inflammation in patients with COVID-19 at RSPTN UNHAS, Makassar. This study involved 32 subjects who met the inclusion criteria for positive RT-PCR COVID-19,  age 21-70 years and  signed of informed concent. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Check by Auto ESR Analyzer using the Westergreen method and C-reactive protein Check by qualitative test.  The result of this research that the average age of the subjects was 51 years consisting of 14 (56.2%) female subjects and 18 (43.8%) male subjects. The median value of CRP examination is 48.00 mg/dL and the median value of ESR is 63.00 mm/hour. 2. There is a significant difference between the CRP values in male and female subjects. There is a significant relationship between CRP and ESR values with a strong
Electrocardiographic Pattern of Pregnant Women with Advanced Maternal Age
Authors: Mangkoesoebroto Arjatya Pramadita , Pramono Besari Adi , Mochtar Aruman Yudanto Ariwibowo Binarso
Published: July 2023

Background: Advanced maternal age (AMA) is becoming increasingly common and is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Around 22,2% of maternal deaths were found to be from cardiovascular disease, and women with higher cardiovascular mortality were likely older. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a simple tool for detecting cardiovascular problems. Though there are many studies of the ECG in normal pregnant women, there is still limited data on the ECG pattern in pregnant women with AMA.Objective: Describe the characteristics of the ECG pattern in woman with AMA.Methods: This study used data retrospectively from medical records of patient in Kariadi General Hospital Semarang from 1st to 30th October 2018. The inclusion criteria were advanced age ³ 35 years,  in the last trimester. Demography, clinical, laboratory , and 12-lead ECG data were collected and reported.Results: Thirteen patients were obtained, with mean age of 38,3 years. Majority of patients had preeclampsia (61,5%) and superimposed preeclampsia (15,4%). Mean systolic blood pressure was 168 mmHg. All of the patients was sinus rhythm, with a mean heart rate 92,5 bpm. Mean QTc was 430,7ms, with 3 patients (23,1%) having borderline prolongation grade. Another abnormality was a left atrial abnormality in 3 patients (23,1%), poor R wave progression in 2 patients (15,4%), and a pathological Q wave in 1 patients (7,7%).Conclusion: ECG abnormalities are seen in 38,4% of pregnant women over 35 years old. The performance of an ECG in AMA may be a first step toward improved pregnancy outcomes since it is widely available and easily interpreted by general practitioners.
Perbandingan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktik Pencegahan Demam Berdarah Dengue pada Ibu Bekerja dan tidak Bekerja di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Putri Cut Aura Maghfirah , Asniar Asniar , Ridwan Arfiza
Published: July 2023

Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih tinggi dan terdapat perbedaan sikap dan praktik pencegahan, khususnya ibu yang berperan penting dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan keluarga. Penelitian yang membandingkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik terkait tindakan pencegahan DBD pada ibu bekerja dan tidak bekerja masih terbatas di Kota Banda Aceh sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik terkait pencegahan DBD pada ibu bekerja dan ibu tidak bekerja di Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif komparatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner self-report yang diisi oleh 228 ibu bekerja dan tidak bekerja yang yang dipilih secara quota random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dengan hasil perbedaan signifikan pada pengetahuan (p-value = 0,001), sikap (p-value = 0,006), dan praktik terkait DBD (p-value = 0,001) pada ibu bekerja dan ibu tidak bekerja di Kota Banda Aceh. Peneliti merekomendasikan pengembangan intervensi keperawatan komunitas yang berbeda antara kedua kelompok agar dapat lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan praktik terkait DBD dan pencegahannya. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengembangkan penelitian terkait hal ini dengan metode observasi dan wawacara
The Effect of Slow Stroke Back Massage on Blood Pressure in Elderly Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Meidayanti Gusti Ayu Made Diah Dwi , Candrawati Sang Ayu Ketut , Lestari Ni Kadek Yuni
Published: July 2023

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is often diagnosed in the elderly population in the world. Some previous studies have also suggested that slow stroke back massage, is effective in lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. However, limited studies examine this therapy in elderly group. This study aims to determine the effect of slow stroke back massage on blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients. This research method uses a type of quantitative research using quasi experimental design with two group pre-post-test nonequivalent control group design. The number of samples used were 44 respondents. Sampling using the simple random sampling technique was carried out 3 times a week with a duration of 10 minutes for 4 weeks. Inclusion criteria in this study were hypertension sufferers who were willing to be respondents, patients aged 45-74 years both male and female and patients taking hypertension medication. Exclusion criteria were patients who experienced burns, bruises, skin rashes, inflammation of the skin of the back, patients who had spinal fractures. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate using the parametric Paired Sample t-test and Independent t-test. The results obtained mean a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group was 21.04 mmHg and 11.68 mmHg, p-value (0.000 <0.05). Meanwhile, the mean reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the control group was 3.00 mmHg with a p-value (0.071>0.05) and 2.04 mmHg with a p-value (0.081>0.05). The results of data analysis using the independent sample t-test obtained a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, which means that there is an effect of slow stroke back massage on blood pressure in hypertension sufferers. This study recommended slow stroke back massage as an alternative or supporting therapy in managing hypertension in elderly individuals because it does not cause side effects.
The Effect of Early Mobilization on Functional Status of Stroke Patients: A Literature Review
Authors: Mustikaningrum Retno Endarwati , Handayani Fitria , Hastuti Yuni Dwi , Latumanuwij Romy , Fieten Marloes
Published: July 2023

Stroke impact to the altering functional status. Early mobilization is one of stroke care components that can minimize impact due to altering functional status such as weakness and paralysis in stroke patients. The review of early mobilization was proved increasing the functional status among critical illness patients. Limited review regarding the effect of early mobilization on changes in the level of functional status of stroke patients The aim the study was to determine the effect of early mobilization at the level of functional status of stroke patients. This research used the literature review with the MeSH search tool. The keywords and syntax included "stroke", "early mobilization", and "functional status". Articles found with keywords early mobilization; functional status; stroke retrieve 12,114 articles, namely 2069 articles from Proquest, 4774 articles from Pubmed, 35 articles from Scopus, and 5236 articles from ScienceDirect which were filtered based on the specified criteria and obtained 10 articles for review published in the period 2011-2021, with patient research samples strokes. The effect of early mobilization mostly showedan increasing degree of functional status level among stroke patients. It is recommended to provide early mobilization among stroke patient. Future research should conduct a meta-analysis in analysing effect of early mobilisation among stroke patients.
Efektivitas Pendidikan Politik Tingkat SMA/Sederajat dengan Aplikasi E-Pemilos di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Al-Hamdi Ridho , Khairiyah Miftahul , Khairiyah Miftahul
Published: July 2023

Pemilihan Ketua Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (Pemilos) dengan aplikasi e-pemilos yang diselenggarakan oleh KPU Kabupaten Kulon Progo bekerjasama dengan Dinas Komunikasi dan Informasi (Diskominfo) Kabupaten Kulon Progo merupakan sebuah inovasi untuk melaksanakan Pemilos walaupun di era pandemi Covid-19. Hal tersebut menarik untuk ditelaah lebih lanjut mengingat kegiatan Pemilos berbasis aplikasi elektronik dilaksanakan secara serantak di Kabupaten Kulon Progo tahun 2021. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas pendidikan politik tingkat SMA/sederajat di Kabupaten Kulon Progo dengan aplikasi e-pemilos. Secara metodologis, artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Untuk pengumpulan data, studi ini menggunakan diskusi kelompok terumpun (focus group discussion, FGD), wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Temuan studi ini menunjukkan, bahwa pada indikator pencapain tujuan, program Pemilos telah dilaksanakan sesuai batasan waktu yang telah direncanakan, partisipasi siswa sekolah yang mengikuti program ini cukup tinggi, dan asas Pemilu (langsung, umum, bebas, rahasia, jujur dan adil) dapat diterapkan. Pada indikator integrasi, sosialisasi Pemilos kurang efektif karena sosialisasi tidak berdampak pada baiknya pemahaman siswa tentang teknis pelaksanaan Pemilos serta siswa tidak memahami manfaat dari program tersebut. Sementara pada indikator adaptasi, pelaksanaan secara daring (online) semakin tidak meyakinkan siswa tentang pentingnya Pemilos ini. Selain itu, sarana-prasarana juga termasuk kurang efektif karena tidak semua pemilih mempunyai fasilitas yang sama. Dari tiga indikator, pelaksanaan Pemilos hanya efektif pada pencapaian tujuan saja. Karena itu, Pemilos dengan aplikasi e-pemilos masih belum efektif dan perlu dilakukan evaluasi secara menyeluruh.