bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Phosphate Buffered Saline on Corneal Chemical Alkali Burns
Authors: McDaniel Jennifer S. , Wirostko Barbara , Sprague Cassie , Johnson Anthony J. , Griffith Gina L.
Published: January 2023

Background: Treatments administered after a corneal burn injury can have long term implications on wound healing. Initial treatments can include the administration of lubricants, anti inflammatories, and antibiotic eye drops, many of which contain phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as a vehicle. As a result, the purpose of this study was to observe the effects of the commonly used PBS ophthalmic drop vehicle on corneal alkali burns over 30 days when treated 4X daily for the first 14 days.
Materials and Methods: Corneal alkali burns 5.5 mm in diameter were created on 10 anesthetized, male New Zealand White rabbits Animals (5) with corneal wounds were treated with PBS 4X daily or left untreated (5). Control animals (5) were not wounded, but were treated with PBS drops 4X daily. Corneal alkali burns were created by centrally placing NaOH (1N) soaked filter paper onto the cornea for 30 seconds. After removal of the filter paper, the surface of the eye was immediately debrided with a Weck-Cel® sponge and irrigated with 15 ml of sterile buffered salt solution (BSS). At days 0, 3, 7, 14 and 30 post-chemical alkali burn creation, eyes were evaluated by white light imaging and fluorescein staining. On days 14 and 30, corneal thickness was assessed via optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Results: A significant decrease in fluorescein staining indicating a significant increase in wound healing was observed on day 7 (P< 0.05) in the PBS treatment group when compared to the non-treated corneal alkali burns. A significant increase in fluorescein staining or decrease in wound healing was observed on day 30 (P< 0.0005) in the PBS treatment group when compared to non-treated corneal alkali burns. White light imaging and OCT results, respectively, showed no significant differences in corneal opacity or corneal swelling between treatment groups at any time point.
Conclusions: This study suggests that the treatment of corneal alkali burns with ophthalmic solutions containing PBS may impact wound closure while having no significant effect on corneal opacity or corneal swelling.
Epidemiologycal Study of Childhood Epilepsy Using the Newly Classification Proposed
Authors: Durá-Travé Teodoro , Yoldi-Petri Maria Eugenia , Aguilera-Albesa Sergio , Gallinas-Victoriano Fidel
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the distribution of electroclinical syndromes and other epilepsies in a population-based group of children, using the newly classification proposed by the ILAE. Material & Methods: The study is based on data obtained from the review of the 454 medical records of patients with active epilepsy who were checked in correspondent follow up consultation from January until December 2009. The newly proposed Report of the ILAE Commission on Classification and terminology 2005—2009 has been applied for diagnosis and classification. Results: Most of the clinical entities were electroclinical syndromes (54.8%). In infants, West syndrome and Dravet syndrome were the most prevalent syndromes. In childhood, the main syndromes were benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and childhood absence epilepsy. In adolescents, juvenile absence epilepsy. Epilepsies attributed to and organized by structural-metabolic causes were seen in 20.8% of the patients, with perinatal insults and cerebral malformations as the most prevalent causes. Epilepsies of unknown cause were seen in 24.1% of patients. Conclusions: Using the most recent ILAE classification of epileptic seizures and the epilepsies we were able to identify most cases. The 2005-2009 ILAE classification may serve as the basis for organizing knowledge about recognized forms of epilepsy and facilitate identification of new forms.
Update in Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonist Clopidogrel: Use in Cerebrovascular Accidents
Authors: Karcioglu Ozgur , Afacan Goksu , Ilkuplu Bilgen , Yeniocak Selman
Published: January 2023

Acute ischemic stroke is the most common manifestation of cerebrovascular disease, which ranks the first to make an adult become bedridden and/or out of productive life. Antiplatelet therapy has long been demonstrated to alleviate the risks of recurrent untoward events, especially in the setting of secondary prevention. In the last decade it has been proved that dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) appears to be more efficacious than monotherapy with aspirin.
Clopidogrel (CLP) -an irreversible inhibitor of the platelet P2Y12 adenosine diphosphate receptor- is licensed in adults for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients suffering from MI, ischemic stroke (from 7 days to 6 months) or peripheral arterial disease. The recommended dose is 75 mg as a single daily dose, taken with or without food.
This review is designed to encompass use of the agent comprehensively and delineates a frame in which clinicians can view as a guide in their routine clinical practice.
REDS (Respiratory Drugs Survey) Study. Active Surveillance of Respiratory Drugs and in Particular of Inhaled Steroids (IS) in the Paediatric Age
Authors: Napoleone E. , Lavalle A. , Scasserra C. , Rossi M. , Bucaneve G. , Rocchi R. E. , Ricci M.
Published: January 2023

Background and aims: Inhaled Steroids (IS) are used inappropriately for children who have been "over prescribed" for conditions such as colds, coughs and sore throats. This practice is not always based on scientific evidence. IS have a modest effectiveness in preventing both recurrent wheezing, viral and bronchiolitis in children.
The aim of the study is to monitor the use of IS with careful analysis of the risk / benefit factor of the treatment, through accuracy of diagnosis, the therapeutic appropriateness and the safe use of these medications.
Methods: In this epidemiological / observational (case-study) and active observational project, the prescribing data for children (0-14 yrs) were collected and processed by Family Pediatricians (FPs). The activities have been divided into four sections:
1) Elaboration of the prescriptive data (year 2015-retrospective)
2) Training / information events for FPs and families on the correct use of IS (year 2016)
3) Elaboration of the prescriptive data of the same FPs after the training year (year 2017-prospective)
4) Comparison of the prescriptive data of IS in the age group of 0 - 14 years in the years 2015 and 2017 (before and after the training phase)
Results: After the training phase: the prevalence of use of IS decreased from 20.71% to 15.15% ; the percentage of the appropriate prescriptions increased from 30.65% to 58.02% ; the percentage of the inappropriate prescriptions decreased from 68.67 % to 38.66%; the prevalence of inappropriate prescriptions decreased : a) in the 0-4 yrs from 70.24% to 39.30%; b) in the 5-10 yrs from 66.31% to 35.95%, and c) in the 11-14 yrs from 69.80% to 35.04%; the percentage of inappropriate expenditure decreased from 67.31% to 37.63%; the percentages of inappropriate prescriptions decreased for Beclomethasone from 71.47% to 38.29%, for Budesonide from 69.82% to 43.29%, for Fluticasone from 53.84% to 19.01% and for Flunisolide from 70.45% to 56.93% ; the total number of pieces prescribed decreased from 4.338 to 3.148.
Conclusions: We have highlighted that through training courses for Family Pediatricians and a correct information to families a significant improvement in the use of Inhaled Steroids can be achieved.
Teenage Obese Pregnancy: The "Double Burden" of Age and Excessive Weight on the Mother-Offspring Pair’s Health
Authors: Berti Cristiana , Bhutta Zulfiqar A , Catalano Patrick , Elahi Shirin , Hanson Mark , Krawinkel Michael B , Savasi Valeria , Cetin Irene
Published: January 2023

Obesity and pregnancy are a combination that may create unique interconnected challenges for the health of the next generation. Although pregnant obese adolescents are of concern worldwide, yet it is an issue that is currently unattended to. Here, we provide an overview of the implications for the mother-offspring pair’s health associated to teenage-pregnancy, with a focus on obesity and ‘what works’ to prevent the obesity-risk during pregnancy. Interrelated health-issues are highlighted, which include: increased negative consequences related to childbearing at young age; associations of maternal pre-gravid excessive-weight with maternal and fetal complications; and limited evidence addressing obese pregnancy in adolescents. Targeting adolescents appears the most effective approach to reduce the obesity-risk trajectory of the prospective parents early-in-life, thus breaking the intergenerational cycle of non-communicable diseases. Specifically-focused educational programs with clear and motivational messages about nutrition, physical activity and sexual health, are perceived as key-components of preventive campaigns with digital web-based technology and specialized health-services being the most promising platforms to deliver knowledge. Successful education has a double advantage: to establish healthy behaviors among adolescents at an early-stage of life, thereby preventing both obesity and early pregnancy. Lastly, realistic solutions require also political understanding and commitment.
A Study Into Malpractices in the Dental Practice in the Town Of Plovdiv – Bulgaria Over A 5-Year Period
Authors: Musurlieva Nina , Stoykova Maria , Novakova Silviya
Published: January 2023

In their work, dentists sometimes allow malpractices to occur. The aim of this study is to investigate the nature of the “adverse consequences” that may serve as grounds for claims from patients to the Professional Ethics Commission (PEC) and the Regional College (RC) of the Bulgarian Dental Association (BDA) in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Material and methods: The documental method has been applied in investigating retrospectively 42 claims from patients to PEC-Plovdiv, filed in the period from 2011 to 2016, and the findings have been compared to those of similar investigations in Tehran and Turkey. Results and discussion: After an in-depth analysis, it was established that the actions that had resulted in claims filed with PEC-Plovdiv, were ‘errors’ in: prosthetics – 34%; surgical treatment – 6%; infringement of the rights of the patient (mostly – administered treatment without the informed consent of the patient) – 10%; mounting implants – 50% (prostheses and surgical treatment as part of implantology are also included here). According to foreign publications, errors in prostheses and surgical interventions are the most common. The same errors have been found to be the most common in Plovdiv, too, in addition to errors in implantology. In Bulgaria, as well as in many other countries, there is no register of dental malpractices. Conclusion: The adverse consequences of dental treatment have been established to be of the same origin in the 3 surveyed regions. The safety strategies are designed to prevent unintentional injuries to the patient.
Pushing Back the Limits of Implant Dentistry by Combining Anatomo-Physiological Root-form Implants and Diskimplants with Stem Cell Activation
Authors: Scortecci Gérard , Odin Guillaume
Published: January 2023

Treatment of patients with extremely resorbed jaws is a major public health challenge. Anatomo-physiological Diskimplants (APD) and microthreaded, self-tapping, smooth surface root-form implants (APR) were developed in the early 2000s to overcome these difficulties. Used with an immediate functional loading procedure, patients can be equipped with fixed teeth 48 hr. post-op. Application of bone matrix Osseotensors to activate the patient’s own stem cells improves both the initial bone quality and neoangiogenesis, thereby reinforcing the highly atrophic recipient bone sites for placement of these implants. This combined approach allows the surgeon to manage completely resorbed jaws in a much simpler and safer manner than previously thought possible.
Restoration of the Vertical Posterior Dimension in a Grinding Patient before Orthodontic Treatment: A Case-Report with Electromyographic Evaluation of Masticatory Muscles Balance
Authors: Edoardo Bianco , Sara Attuati , Cristina Brugali , Alessandro Nanussi , Marcello Maddalone
Published: January 2023

Aim: the aim of this article is to assess the importance of masticatory muscles balance evaluation before improving vertical dimension through conservative and restorative techniques. It also shows how a multidisciplinary approach is needed to obtain a better result for the patient.
Background: Bruxism is defined as the parafunctional activity of grinding or clenching of teeth. Management of severe worn dentition in patients with bruxism is challenging since this condition can lead to loss of tooth structure and occlusal vertical dimension (OVD). In some cases the impossibility to correct the proclination of the maxillary incisors occurs due to the posterior tooth wear.
Case Description: an orthodontic alignment was obtained after having improved posterior vertical dimension according to an electromyographical analysis using Teethan® electromyographic system. The activity of anterior temporals and masseters was controlled and balanced by electromyography at every step of the treatment.
Conclusion: an unbalanced dental occlusal function can compromise the stability of an orthodontic treatment; it is important an evaluation from different points of view in order to rehabilitate the patient in his complex.
Clinical significance: electromyography proved itself to be a useful tool in the hands of the clinician to check the oral muscles balance and to avoid temporomandibular joint (TMJ) overload in restorative dentistry, prosthodontics and orthodontics.
Evaluation of Impacted Lower Third Molars Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Soares de Carvalho José Raimundo , Leite Josélia da Silva , Oliveira Rudyard dos Santos
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study was to define the prevalence of impacted lower third molars using cone beam computed tomography and to classify according to Winter, Pell and Gregory and Maglione. The sample consisted of 250 CBCT exams. The evaluation of the selected images was performed using CS 3D imaging software using axial, cross-section and panoramic reconstruction sections. Data collection was performed by filling out the forms containing the classifications of Winter, Pell and Gregory and Maglione. Data analysis was performed through the distribution of frequencies (absolute and relative) associated with the construction of 95% confidence intervals of proportions. Of the 250 tomography exams analyzed, 113 (45.2%) were male and 137 (54.8%) were female. The positions and differences between the most frequent sides according to the Winter, Pell & Gregory and Maglione classification, respectively, were: Mesioangular - 29.8% (95% CI: 25.8% -33.8%), right side (30.4 %), left side (29.2%); Class II - 31.2% (95% CI: 27.1% -35.3%); position A, right side (30.4%) left side (32.0%); Class 1A - 39.8% (95% CI: 35.5% -44.1%), right side (40.0%), left side (39.6%). Thus, there was a higher prevalence in the mesioangular position according to the Winter classification and, in relation to the Pell and Gregory classification, the class II / A position; while, according to Maglione's classification, the most prevalent position is Class 1A.
Investigation of Changes in Dental Pulp Tissue in Rats with Bilateral Ovariectomy by Histopathological Methods
Authors: Bakir Elif Pinar , Bakir Şeyhmus , Deveci Büşra , Şahin Firat , Aşir Firat , Deveci Engin
Published: January 2023

In this study, we aimed to investigate the histopathological changes on 14th and 28th days in the dental pulp of ovariectomized rats. Twenty 12-week-old 21 female Sprague Dawleys were divided into 3 groups. Group 1: No procedure was applied to the animals. All teeth were excised at the end of the experiment (at the 14th day of experiment). Group 2: The abdomen was opened and the ovary tied with 3/0 silk sutures to block blood supply. The ovaries were placed in its original position. Teeth of ovariectomized rats were excised at the 14th day of experiment. Group 3: Similar procedure was applied as in Group 2. The teeth were removed on 28th days of experiment. The dental tissues taken after the experiment were processed for routine paraffin wax tissue preparation. Hematoxylin-Eosin staining was applied to sections of 4 μm thickness. As a result, when compared to the dental pulp of control group, degenerated dental pulp tissue, vascular dilatation and pyknotic osteoblast cells were observed in ovariectomized rats, however the pathological intesity was higher in ovariectomized rats for 28 days than ovariectomized rats for 14 days.
A Review on Processing, and Applications of Nanocomposites
Authors: El Hawary Asmaa , Hasan Salma , El Sttar Reem Abd , Mohamed Seif , Bassyouni M.
Published: January 2023

In recent decades, nanocomposites have become one of the centers of interest in research and industrial fields because they provide electrical, mechanical and optical enhancements significantly superior to conventional microscale composites which makes them suitable for a wide range of applications in electronics industry, packaging industry, biomedical research and much more. This review thoroughly discusses three types of nanocomposites: ceramic-matrix nanocomposites (CMNCs), polymer-matrix nanocomposites (PMNCs), and metal-matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) and provides an overview of the most common fillers, methods of preparation, challenges, properties and applications.
Investigating Ageing Process of Die Cast Aluminum in Squirrel Cage Rotors Exposed to Heavy-Duty Load Conditions
Authors: Pitis Constantin , Al-Chalabi Zaid
Published: January 2023

Most of the applications used in underground mining industries (explosion-proof environment) are performing in heavy-duty load conditions. As a result, standard designs of explosion-proof, water-cooled squirrel cage induction motors (WC-SCIM) equipped with standard designs of die-cast aluminium rotors (DCAR) are exposed to higher than expected rotor bar current values. Site investigations and dynamometer tests confirmed that severe heavy-duty loading induce high thermo-mechanical stresses (TMS) in DCARs. Frequent occurrences of such TMS (superimposed on the rated condition stresses) may bring conductive material (Aluminum) of the rotor bars to its fatigue conditions initiating rotor degradation process with subsequent influence on motor performances with consequent financial losses. The paper uses multidisciplinary techniques to study the ageing process of Die Cast Aluminum in Squirrel Cage Rotors Exposed to Heavy-Duty Load Conditions of a 50 hp SCIM equipped with DCAR. Based on claims regarding performance degradations, the research started with site measurements confirming the adverse heavy-duty load conditions. Statistic-probabilistic methods are used to determine Reliability indicators by using Fault Tree Method (FTM). The mathematical model confirmed the motor reliability and enable detection of weak points of the motor. Thermodynamic calculations are used to assess motor performances and its reliability by estimating air gap reduction and heat transfer to the bearings as the two major consequential effects of the TMS developed within DCAR. Dynamometer tests have been used to replicate the site conditions enabling creation of a mathematical model of thermal stress inside the rotor bars. After specific dynamometer tests a number of rotors have been cut-open to investigate the intimate rotor bar degradation. While there are various methods of detecting failed rotor bars, a Secondary research performed by authors indicate that to date no other research has been undertaken in studying this phenomenon.
Impacts of Climate Change in Central African Republic
Authors: Serge K.G Soulé Baoro , Shaoxian Song , Maidou Herve Edo Ekata Emmanuel , Igor Tola Kogadou
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the Climate Change (CC) in the Central African Republic (CAR). Many researches on strategies to fight CC and reduce Green House Gas (GHGs) emissions have been conducted. However, implementation poses a serious problem at different levels including political, economic and socio-environmental. CC is seen as one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. The CAR, like other countries of the world, has ratified the Kyoto Protocol on 1st January 2008, which aims to reduce the GHGs emissions responsible for CC. Almost all sectors (Energy, Agriculture, Forest, Health, Transport, Economy...) are affected by CC. GHGs are abundant in the Earth's atmosphere. In the absence of efficient meteorological equipment and stations to save accurate data, the CAR and even Africa in general is considered a "black hole" of climate information which must be used by the Intergovernmental Panel-evolution of Climate change (IPCC) to evaluate effects of CC on the continent. Despite its low level of GHGs emissions, the CAR reaffirms its adherence to the principle of collective responsibility. Pursuant to 1CP / 19 (Further advancing the Durban Platform) by these ambitious measures to meet this challenge. Thus, in the CAR, political, military and economic constraints are obstacles to the implementation of strategies to fight CC. Given its low level of development, 80% of rural population, forests and lands of the CAR are the most affected by CC; These impacts in all sectors are very difficult to assess due to the lack of reliable data, of its very weak economy and the multiple armed conflicts that do not make the collection and updating of data easy, almost half of the territory 14 prefectures on 16 have been occupied by armed groups.
Success and Survival Grafts as Influenced by Variety, Methods of Grafting and Scion Type in Guava (Psidium guajava L.)
Authors: Islam Kazi Kaimul , Farooque A.M. , Rahim M.A.
Published: January 2023

Successful cultivation of Guava with grafts obtaining through grafting of best scion material on polypiara rootstocks resistant to Fusarium wilt disease was studied at the Germplasm Centre, Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during 2000-2001. The experiment consisted three varieties of Guava (Viz. Kazipiara, Swarupkathi and L49 and Polypiara as rootstock), three different methods of grafting (Viz. Cleft, Veneer and Contact) and two types of scion materials (e.g. Hard Wood and Soft Wood). Grafting methods and scion types showed significant effect on the success and survival in guava grafting whereas, the varietal effect was found insignificant in most cases. The highest percentage of success (93.3) and survival (95.7) were obtained in the grafts done through Contact Grafting method. Physiologically mature Hard Wood scion contributed better grafting success (80.7%) than the Soft Wood scion (62.2%). In all cases, Kazi piara showed better performance than other two varieties.
Removal of Clofibric, Salicylic and Gallic Acids from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption on a Commercial Activated Carbon
Authors: Taoufik N. , Elmchaouri A. , Korili S. , Gil A.
Published: January 2023

The adsorption behavior of three pharmaceutical compounds and widespread used drugs, namely, clofibric acid, salicylic acid and gallic acid from aqueous solutions was investigated using an activated carbon, as adsorbent. This study aims to evaluate the performance efficiency of the proposed adsorbent commercial activated carbon for eliminate these organic compounds.
The Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Toth models were applied to the equilibrium data and in order to describe the adsorption behavior. It was found that the experimental data fitted well to the Langmuir model. It is also revealed that the adsorption of this compounds from the aqueous solutions on the activated carbon refer to the S-type by the Giles’s classification.
In order to investigate the mechanism of adsorption, kinetic data were modelled using the pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results showed that kinetic data followed closely to the pseudo-second order model.
Non-Steady State and Steady State Silicate Dissolution: Non- Carbonate Acid Neutralisation for Long-Term Acid and Metalliferous Drainage Control
Authors: Zhou Yan , Short Michael D. , Li Jun , Qian Gujie
Published: January 2023

The dissolution of silicate minerals has been largely examined under steady state conditions. The primary aim of this study was to understand the potential of the non-steady state dissolution of silicate minerals in treatment of acid and metalliferous drainage (AMD) resulting predominantly from pyrite oxidation. To this end, flow-through dissolution cell experiments were carried out using selected silicate minerals (biotite, chlorite, olivine and K-feldspar), all commonly found in AMD environments, under various pH and flow rate conditions, for comparison to pyrite dissolution carried out under the same conditions. Both acid generation rate (pyrite) and steady-state and non-steady state acid neutralisation rates (silicates) were calculated and compared. Results showed that the non-steady state acid neutralisation rates due to silicate dissolution were greater than the steady-state neutralisation rates and that all silicate minerals investigated in this study, except K-feldspar, can provide acid neutralisation rates to match the acid generation rate due to pyrite dissolution under certain conditions.
Optimization of Microbial Fuel Cells Operating Parameters for Better Removal of Organic Matter and Higher Energy Production from Wastewater
Authors: Haddad M. , Joudeh O.
Published: January 2023

In this study, four double-chambered Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) operated by primary effluent wastewater mixed with anaerobic sludge as substrate, was designed, built, and optimized for better higher energy production and subsequently better removal of organic matter. Optimized MFCs operating parameters as a function of energy produced include electrode material type, electrode size, salt bridge diameter, type of salt solution that used in salt bridge, and concentration of the salt solution used in the salt bridge. Three duplicates-MFCs for each parameter value were used. Output open-circuit voltage (OCV) was measured for each MFC one time daily and for one week for each tested operating parameter. Data obtained showed that (i) MFCs with copper electrodes produce output voltage significantly higher than MFCs with carbon brushes electrodes which, in turn, achieved output voltage significantly higher than both that achieved by MFCs with zinc electrodes and MFCs with manufactured carbon electrodes, (ii) MFCs with 10 mm salt bridge shown significantly higher output voltage than MFCs with both 16 and 24 mm salt bridges, (iii) KCl salt bridge in MFCs is significantly more efficient than NaCl salt bridges, and (iv) MFCs with 1M KCl salt bridges can produce output voltage significantly higher than that produced by MFCs with 3M KCl salt bridges.
Recommendations for Sustainable Support Mechanism for Renewable Energy: Efficiency and Capacity Limit Method
Authors: Izgec Muhammed Mustafa , Sözen Adnan
Published: January 2023

Support mechanisms for renewable energy power plants have failed many times in different geographies according to different market parameters. The system being implemented in Turkey has its own problems. The problems of the support mechanism in the study are defined in different planes and a new model proposal based on efficiency and capacity criteria and based on hourly reconciliation are made. In the scenario studies using the generation and cost data between 2012 and 2017, the solution sets that reduce the total cost and increase the earnings of the power plants participating in the support are defined.
Photorefractive Properties of Some Nano- and Bio-Structured Organic Materials
Authors: Kamanina Natalia V. , Serov Sergey V. , Zubtsova Yulia A. , Bretonniere Yann , Andraud Chantal , Baldeck Patrice , Kajzar Francois
Published: January 2023

Based on using the holographic recording technique the photorefractive parameters of some organic materials doped with nano- and bio-objects have been studied. Some spectral and structural features have been established. The area of application of the materials has been discussed in order to use them in the optoelectronics and biomedicine.
Metal Nanoparticles Based Inkjet Ink for Advanced Circuit Board Application
Authors: Fouad Osama A. , Morsy Fatma , El-Sherbiny Samya , Elshafy Diaa Abd
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the synthesis of mono metallic (copper and silver) and bi-metallic (copper/silver core/shell) conductive nanopigments for inkjet printing. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as a main reducing agent followed by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping and dispersing agent. From the XRD, TEM, and SEM analyses, the synthesized mono and bi metallic particles were con?rmed to be in a nano scale with particle size 7, 8.5 and 15.5 nm for copper, silver and copper/silver core/shell, respectively. The prepared nanopigments were included in inkjet ink formulation and printed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. The printed ink films were sintered at various temperatures (110, 150, 200). The results revealed that the resistivity of these particles was reduced by sintering and the resistivity of Cu, Ag and Cu/Ag patterns sintered in air at 200 ºC for 30 min were 3.1, 2.99 and 4.14 µ?-cm, respectively. The obtained results were in a good agreement with the published ones and insured the promising using of our products in metal-based inkjet printed circuit boards (PCB).
Towards Cardiac Risk Monitoring of Duchene Muscular Dystrophy using Lyfas
Authors: Das Rupam , Chattopadhyay Subhagata
Published: January 2023

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder affecting male children of a career mother, as seen in more than 70% of cases. It is an X-linked recessive disease that affects 1 in 3600-6000 live male births. As the child grows, muscles are progressively wasted and degenerated in the body. As time passes, it also involves intercostal and heart muscles leading to cardiorespiratory failure and death. Using a smartphone-based application namely, Lyfas that uses the principles of the optical sensor, arterial photoplethysmography, and photochromatography, this report focuses on capturing digital cardiovascular biomarkers at the backdrop of DMD and understanding the physiological aspect of the disorder and its progression, especially the risk of the involvement of cardiac muscles.
Investigation of Damage Properties of Woven Carbon-Epoxy Composites Modified with CNT Fillers
Authors: Karahan Mehmet , Karahan Nevin
Published: January 2023

CNT/CNF grafting at high amount causes a CNT forest around the fiber and this causes significant limitations in composite material production. Due to increased distance between the fibers, local fiber volume fraction decreases within the yarns. Fiber volume fraction was found to decrease by 2.7–6.2% according to CNT/CNF ratio. The results revealed that there were significant decreases in mechanical properties and characteristic strain values where damage initiation and progression of the composite samples produced from carbon nanotubes grown on fabrics. It was found that Young’s modulus values decreased by 15–17%. Characteristic strain values where damage threshold decreased by 36–53%. It was concluded that decreased local fiber volume fraction and low fiber-matrix interface bonding were the main cause for this situation. Moreover, it is believed that the one of the most important factor that might cause these limitations is lack of adequate wetting of fiber surfaces and low fiber-matrix interface bonding.
The Role of Adult Attachment Style in Online Social Network Affect, Cognition, and Behavior
Authors: Rom Eldad , Alfasi Yitshak
Published: January 2023

In the last decade, social network sites (SNS) have a major attendance in our everyday lives. Numerous studies have explored the antecedences and consequences of this novel phenomenon. The current study is yet another attempt in this direction. In this research we seek to explore the role of personality tendencies, namely the attachment system, in individuals' affect, cognitions, and behavior on what is presently considered as the most popular SNS - "Facebook". Over the years studies have continuously demonstrated that attachment theory is a relevant framework for understanding human behavior and has proven attachment tendencies to be significantly associated with quality of close relationships and daily social interactions. Since today virtual communication and social networks are capturing dominant aspects of social relationships, the linkage to attachment theory is evident. Hence, we approached 190 Israeli young adults, and asked them about their habits and daily routines on Facebook. We also measured their cognition and emotion concerning Facebook. Results show that attachment insecurity is associated with global orientations and emotions towards Facebook and that people develop attachment relationships with their Facebook network. We discuss the associations between attachment and virtual communication and its application for future theory and research.
Appropriation of Eastern Notions from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Argentina
Authors: Korman Guido Pablo , Saizar Mercedes , Sarudiansky Mercedes
Published: January 2023

In this study, the authors present the appropriation of Eastern notions in cognitive behavioral therapy in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, inscribing this phenomenon on a wider field of interest for social science and psychotherapy. The supply of Eastern alternative therapies and the new developments of cognitive behavioral therapy in the area of study are introduced. Based on a survey conducted in CBT training institutions of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, three categories are proposed to understand the phenomena: 1) the desacralization of yoga; 2) the incorporation of Eastern traditions into cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, and 3) scopes and limits of therapeutic complementariness between cognitive behavioral therapy and Eastern practices. The authors conclude that this appropriation produces a desacralization of the original contents of the Eastern tradition, because in this fusion the focus is on the practice that produces well-being more than on the Eastern practices.
REI Method for Elimination of Dyslexia
Authors: Kenda Igor
Published: January 2023

REI method for eliminating dyslexia is the first method that allows a complete elimination of dyslexia in people with dyslexic reading or writing disorder. It was developed on the basis of a new theory REI. So far, dyslexia has been considered as a lifelong disorder. Presented method proves that this is not the case and that the effects of disorder can be completely reversible. This article provides the full method for eliminating dyslexia.
Attachment as Environmental Factor Influencing the Development of Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors in Children with Atten-tional Déficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Moneta Maria Eugenia , Rothhammer Paula , Carrasco Ximena
Published: January 2023

The current study aims at the relevance of parenting environment in the generation of co-morbid disorders in children diagnosed with Attention Déficit/ hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Although considerable evidence has demonstrated that ADHD has a biological and genetic basis, our work points towards family environment and attachment during development. We postulate that attachment style and mothers attitude towards the child early in development, have a role to play in the generation of co-morbid behavior.
We demonstrated that school children experiencing insecure attachment patterns have higher proportion of co-morbid behaviors than secure children diagnosed with ADHD and controls. Results are discussed with regard to the role of environmental and family factors in the development of the illness and treatment course. These findings provide empirical evidence for the differential susceptibility to maternal (principal care person) influences in ADHD children, suggesting the importante of early interventions.
The Functioning of the Brain Trained by Neurofeedback with Behavioral Techniques from a Learning Curve Perspective
Authors: Ribas Valdenilson Ribeiro , Ribas Renata de Melo Guerra , De Oliveira Diélita Carla Lopes , Regis Carmen Luciane Souza , Filho Paulo Cezar do Nascimento , Sales Tales de Souza Roberto , Martins Hugo André de Lima , Deusen Peter Van
Published: January 2023

The learned reflex behavior (Reaction) of Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) and operant behavior (Action) of Burrhus Skinner (1904-1990) have been used as technical approaches from the perspective of the learning curve through repetitious training using neurofeedback. The aim of this study was to describe the meaning and application of these associated approaches and to explain their neurophysiological implications. A review of the MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases was carried out from March to October 2016. The learning curve is a graphical representation of the increase in learning from experience (repetitions). Thus, for example, an anxious state caused by behavior such as thinking about the future and the past, complaining, criticizing, judging and analyzing in excess, can be modified by training concentration (operant/action behavior), thereby reducing the excess of fast waves in the hindbrain (learned/reaction reflex behavior), leading the subject from the dysphoric state to a state of well-being.
Nonverbal Processes in Psychotherapeutic Interaction
Authors: Bänninger-Huber Eva , Huber Eva
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we outline a research approach, which describes affective regulation processes in psychotherapeutic interactions on the micro-level of interactive behavior. We present some considerations about the general functions of nonverbal behaviors as well as possible meanings of specific nonverbal behaviors such as gazing, gesture, or head- and body movements in psychotherapeutic interaction. Our focus is on facial behavior. Furthermore, the article discusses the relation between certain interactive patterns and mental disorders and their possible manifestation in psychotherapeutic interaction. Using a specialized method to study affective micro-sequences in interaction, we analyze a conversation from psychoanalytic psychotherapy to illustrate the relevance of specific interactive relationship patterns for a productive psychotherapeutic process.
Emotion Regulation Difficulties, Personality Traits and Coping Styles in First-Time Suicide Attempters
Authors: Özdemir Pinar Güzel , Kefeli Mehmet Celal , Özcan Halil
Published: January 2023

This study examines personality traits, difficulties in emotion regulation and coping styles who presented after the first-time suicide attempt. This study included 54 patients who had attempted suicide and 36 healthy individuals. Suicidal Intent Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Big Five Inventory and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations-Short Form used. The suicide attempters had significantly lower scores for extroversion and higher scores for neurosis and higher scores in all the subscales of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale than non-attempters. Emotion-oriented coping scores were significantly higher among suicide attempters while the task-oriented coping and avoidance-oriented scores were significantly higher among the controls. Interventions related to regulation of emotion and problem-solving training may be effective methods for preventing suicide.
Development and Validation of the Brief Unhelpful Thoughts Scale (BUTs)
Authors: Knowles Simon Robert , Apputhurai Pragalathan , Bates Glen
Published: January 2023

A key component of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is to identify and challenge unhelpful thinking patterns (also known as cognitive distortions, thinking errors, or distorted automatic negative thoughts) in interventions that foster more reality-oriented thinking. This paper describes the development and validation of the Brief Unhelpful Thinking Scale (BUTs). Four studies were conducted of which three included mixed undergraduate and community samples (Studies 1-3) and one was a clinical sample of individuals diagnosed with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). An 11-item two-factor model of unhelpful thinking emerged in Study 1(N=223), which was confirmed in Study 2(N=203). The first factor focused on negative self-bias (e.g., generalized, negative, emotional), and the second factor focused on expectations of others (e.g., expectations others will act fairly, change, follow rules). Study 3 (N=23) established test-retest reliability for the BUTs and the final study (N=9) examined BUTs in a group-based CBT intervention for SAD. This study showed the BUTs to be sensitive to changes in unhelpful thinking after a CBT intervention.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the BUTs is a brief psychometrically valid measure of unhelpful thinking that can be utilized by both clinicians and researchers who wish to measure individual unhelpful thinking patterns and relate them to changes in psychological distress in CBT-based interventions.
Acceptance and Rejection Experiences of Men: Disclosures in Integrated Psychotherapy
Authors: Thakur Karuna , Shah Anisha
Published: January 2023

The need to be accepted is one of the fundamental needs of any human being. The experience of being rejected not only hinders one’s interpersonal functioning but also personal growth. Rejection spurts strong emotional experience among humans. Interpersonal issues as well as emotions can be examined through two different approaches that help delineate rejection patterns. Emotion Focussed Therapy (EFT) and Core Conflictual Relationship Themes (CCRT) approaches facilitate exploration of adult interpersonal relationships, shed light on the central conflicts experienced by individuals, and explore emotional markers in therapy. This study explores acceptance and rejection experiences of men through an integration of EFT and CCRT approaches. Thirty-four therapy sessions of 4 men seen in individual psychotherapy formed the study sample. Sessions were audio recorded and coded for core conflictual relationship themes and emotions. The results show that 81 relationship episodes were reported during therapy sessions. These were about experiences of rejection from others, need to be accepted and to be close to others, and helplessness and disappointment experienced within oneself. Emotions of helplessness, anger, regret, embarrassment and fear or anxiety were also evident. Emotions of ‘hurt’, ‘embarrassment’ and ‘anger’ have been found to be related with experiences of rejection by significant others. In 3 of the 4 clients, the formulations for acceptance and rejection experiences and associated primary emotions emerged conclusively showing the usefulness of the integrated approach in psychotherapy with men.
Children’s and Fathers’ Perceptions of Children’s Competence and Occupational Interests
Authors: Ittyerah Miriam , Jhori Ritu
Published: January 2023

The study attempts to understand how self evaluation in the child changes across differing periods of childhood and the interrelation between children’s perceived competence and the perception of the father in the four selected domains of competence. The study tested children’s perceptions of self competence, the father’s perception of the child’s competence and vocational aspirations. Ninety children from three occupational groups (thirty in each) rated themselves in four domains of competence- cognitive, social, physical and general self worth. The father of each child was also required to rate his child in the four domains of competence.
Children’s ratings of self competence increased with age in the cognitive, social and general self worth domains of competence indicating better perceptions of self efficacy with development. Children in the business sector had higher ratings of self competence as compared to children in the service or skilled occupations. Father’s perception of their children did not differ with age or occupation in all domains of competence, except for self worth ratings of the child, which increased with age.
The results indicated that with increasing age children’s perceptions of themselves become more veridical with the views of their father as indicated by the more number of significant correlations amongst children at the beginning of late childhood.
Removal of Therapeutic Drug Diclofenac Pollution by the Acid Digested Carbon of Waste Leathers
Authors: K. Veeravelan K. Veeravelan , S. Arivoli S. Arivoli , Solomon J. Samu
Published: January 2023

By manipulating the physico-chemical conditions, the adsorption characteristics study on the removal of the therapeutic drug Diclofenac on the Acid Digested Carbon of waste Leather (ADCL) were analysed. The smallest particle size affords the most surface area and more adsorbed material (92.43% for 0-63 micron). The adsorption of diclofenac on this acid-digested carbon of waste leather required acidic pH ranges. Nevertheless, different adsorbates preferred various acidic pH ranges between 1 and 6. In this instance, 92.15% of adsorption occurs at pH 5. The results of this study revealed that the percentage of diclofenac adsorption is directly proportional to the dosage and contact time of the adsorbent and inversely proportional to the initial concentration of the adsorbate. Due to the absence of a chemical bond forming between the adsorbent and adsorbate, the order of this adsorption is pseudo-second order kinetics, and therefore falls under the category of physisorption. For these experiments, the fruendlich and Langmuir isotherm model is appropriate. The thermodynamic analysis shows negative ∆Go and positive ∆Ho and ∆So values, indicating that this adsorption is, respectively, spontaneous, practicable, and physical in character. The FT-IR, SEM, and XRD spectrum data support the above experimental findings.
Validation of Essential oils’ Gas Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry Compositional Analysis Using System Independent Parameters; Kovat Index and Fragmentation Pattern
Authors: Runde Musa
Published: January 2023

One of the challenges in determination of essential oils components using GSMS is the variation of the retention time observed. Kovat index was calculated for each compound identified in eight essential oils samples while the fragmentation pattern of four compounds were illustrated. Kovat index shows, P-xylene has 809 KI, α-pinene 934 and another value of 905. In some oil samples KI value for Limonene is 938, α- Phellandrene has 932 and another value of 933 which occurred at slightly higher retention time of 6.659. Caryophyllene has the lager KI value of 1254 and is consistent in all the samples of the essential oils. The fragmentation pattern for P-xylene, α-pinene, caryophyllene and 1-octen-3-ol were illustrated. The justification of each peak in the mass spectra and the consistency in the values of Kovat index have validated the results obtained from GCMS analysis of the essential oils understudy.
Isolation and Characterisation of Flavonoids (Rutin) from the Roots of Cadaba aphylla (Thunb) and Adenia glauca of Potential in Anti-Oxidant activity
Authors: Immaculate A. Anitha , Vimala J. Rosaline , Takuwa David T.
Published: January 2023

Natural medicine is widely used to treat a variety of ailments. This work aims to isolate and characterise flavonoids from the roots of Cadaba aphylla and Adenia glauca. The compound was extracted using the Ultrasonicate Assisted Extraction (UAE), and Chromatographic methods including thin layer chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography were then used to separate it. The isolated compound was then examined using UV-visible, FTIR, NMR (H1 & C13), and mass spectra (MS) followed by antioxidant evaluation. From the qualitative and spectral examination. The isolated component is identified as 3, 3', 4', 5, 7-pentahydroxy flavones-3-rutinoside, it is concluded (Rutin) and it also showed good free radical scavenging behaviour. Therefore, these plants can be used for therapeutic purpose.