bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do Populists Govern Differently? Insights from the Italian M5S-League Case in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Vercesi Michelangelo
Published: June 2020

In West European context, the first fully-fledged populist government that entered office in Italy in 2018 (Conte I) has been presented as a peculiar case. After discussing party dilemmas within coalitions, the article analyses – in comparative perspective – how the two partners M5S and League managed inter-party relations despite their divergent policy preferences. The work focuses on both structural and dynamic mechanisms of coalition governance. Particular attention is paid to the coalition agreement, which is compared to the benchmark case of the German Merkel IV cabinet. Findings show that the Conte I cabinet diverged from the Italian tradition, but approached other European models, despite its rhetoric of exceptionality. Yet, poor definition of policy goals and ambiguous governance mechanisms are observed.

Resumo

No contexto da Europa Ocidental, o primeiro governo populista de pleno direito que entrou em funções na Itália em 2018 (Conte I) foi apresentado como um caso peculiar. Após discutir os dilemas partidários dentro das coligações, o artigo analisa - em perspectiva comparativa - como os dois parceiros M5S e Liga geriram as relações interpartidárias apesar das suas preferências políticas divergentes. O trabalho centra-se tanto nos mecanismos estruturais como dinâmicos de governação da coligação. É dada especial atenção ao acordo da coligação, que é comparado com o caso de referência do gabinete alemão Merkel IV. Os resultados mostram que o gabinete Conte I divergiu da tradição italiana, mas abordou outros modelos europeus, apesar da sua retórica de excepcionalidade. No entanto, observa-se uma má definição dos objetivos políticos e mecanismos ambíguos de governança.
Diversidad y composición de aves del Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello, Chiapas, México
Authors: Espinosa-Méndez Selene E. , Enríquez Paula L. , Pineda Diez de Bonilla Esteban , Vandame Rémy
Published: June 2020

Actualmente los ambientes heterogéneos son los que predominan en los paisajes tropicales, por lo que estudiar la diversidad y la composición de especies en las comunidades avifaunísticas ha permitido entender la variación y la estructura de las mismas. Asimismo, esta información permite implementar estrategias de manejo y conservación en estos ambientes. En este estudio se evaluó la diversidad y composición espacial y temporal de la comunidad de aves en el Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello, Chiapas, en diferentes tipos de bosques y condiciones (bosques de pino, pino-encino, pino-encino-liquidambar, bosque mesófilo, vegetación riparia y zonas intervenidas). El muestreo se realizó de febrero a julio de 2017 en 110 puntos de conteo separados cada 300 m. En total se registraron 3,143 aves de 123 especies. La diversidad medida con el orden q= 1 fue de 41.67 y con q= 2 fue de 24.79 especies efectivas. La temporada de lluvias presentó una mayor diversidad de especies de aves que en secas. Los gremios mejor representados fueron los granívoros-frugívoros-insectívoros, los insectívoros y los omnívoros. Las zonas con intervención, así como los bosques de pino y la vegetación riparia presentaron la mayor diversidad de especies. En contraste, el bosque mesófilo de montaña, de pino-encino-liquidambar y de pino-encino presentaron especies raras y vulnerables como Setophaga chrysoparia, Pharomachrus mocinno y Penelopina nigra. Este estudio permite identificar sitios de monitoreo y de manejo forestal para el mejor ordenamiento en el parque nacional.
Hubungan kebiasaan orang tua mendongeng dengan buku dan kemampuan membaca permulaan pada anak usia kelompok B
Authors: Choirina Vera Nur
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara kebiasaan mendongeng dengan buku yang dilakukan oleh orang tua dengan kemampuan membaca permulaan pada anak usia kelompok B (5-6 tahun) di Taman Kanak-kanak yang berada di Kecamatan Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 60 anak dan 60 orang tua. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi Product Moment untuk menguji hipotesisnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara kebiasaan orang tua dalam mendongeng dengan kemampuan membaca permulaan pada anak di Taman Kanak-kanak yang berada di Kecamatan Depok, Sleman, Yogyakarta.Hasil analisis data korelasi product moment, diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,663 dan rtabel 0,330. Dengan taraf signifikan 1%, dilihat dari arah hubungan dikatakan angka koefisien korelasinya bernilai r positif, maka korelasi antara kedua variabel bersifat searah.
Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de hanseníase em Porto Nacional - Tocantins de 2007 a 2018
Authors: De Aguiar Daniel Ximenes , Raiol Sanderson Rodrigo do Nascimento , Costa Cristiano Ribeiro , De Aquino Francisco Djailson Muniz , Costa Nelzir Martins
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da população diagnosticada com hanseníase no município de Porto Nacional, Tocantins. Métodos: Pesquisa epidemiológica transversal, descritiva, quantitativa, dos casos registrados de hanseníase no período de janeiro de 2007 a agosto de 2018. Os dados foram coletados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação submetidos a estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foram identificadas 546 notificações de hanseníase no período estudado. Houve prevalência do sexo masculino (n = 296 casos; 54,2%), da cor parda (n = 389; 71,2%) e da faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos (n = 120; 22%). A forma dimorfa foi predominante, com 260 notificações (47,6%), e do tipo multibacilares, com 322 casos (59%). O estudo identificou que centros especializados de saúde realizaram um grande quantitativo de notificações da doença (44,7%) e as unidades básicas de saúde do município proporcionaram uma abrangência maior na detecção dessa patologia (55,3%).  Conclusão: A hanseníase ainda é um problema de saúde pública no município de Porto Nacional -TO, embora curável e de baixa recidiva, encontra-se ativa na população. Medidas de prevenção, promoção de saúde, treinamento multiprofissional e diagnóstico precoce favorecem para melhorar prognóstico.
COVID-19, a pandemia que mudou a saúde e a economia
Authors: Bomfim Fernando
Published: June 2020

Pandemias como a enfrentada atualmente frente ao Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) são caracterizadas como doenças infecciosas que se espalham por grandes regiões geográficas, praticamente ao mesmo tempo, em diversos países. A pandemia surgiu na cidade de Wuhan na China e acredita-se que haja uma relação com a ingestão de animais silvestres e seu comércio, contudo não há certeza sobre vários aspectos da história de origem do COVID-19, incluindo quais espécies a passaram para um ser humano. O SARS-CoV-2 é um vírus da família dos beta- coronavírus entre os quais se insere também o SARS-CoV, ambos responsáveis pela Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave e também o MERS-CoV, Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio. Embora haja semelhança, a busca pelo entendimento da história natural da COVID-19 é importante para determinar as possibilidades de intervenção, prognóstico e curso da doença, contudo os dados são extremamente escassos e os que surgem são recentes e ainda controversos.
User Experience of Interactive Technologies for People With Dementia: Comparative Observational Study
Authors: Andrade  Ferreira Luis Duarte , Ferreira Henrique , Cavaco Sofia , Cameirão Mónica , i Badia Sergi Bermúdez
Published: June 2020

Background

Serious games (SGs) are used as complementary approaches to stimulate patients with dementia. However, many of the SGs use out-of-the-shelf technologies that may not always be suitable for such populations, as they can lead to negative behaviors, such as anxiety, fatigue, and even cybersickness.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate how patients with dementia interact and accept 5 out-of-the-shelf technologies while completing 10 virtual reality tasks.

Methods

A total of 12 participants diagnosed with dementia (mean age 75.08 [SD 8.07] years, mean Mini-Mental State Examination score 17.33 [SD 5.79], and mean schooling 5.55 [SD 3.30]) at a health care center in Portugal were invited to participate in this study. A within-subject experimental design was used to allow all participants to interact with all technologies, such as HTC VIVE, head-mounted display (HMD), tablet, mouse, augmented reality (AR), leap motion (LM), and a combination of HMD with LM. Participants’ performance was quantified through behavioral and verbal responses, which were captured through video recordings and written notes.

Results

The findings of this study revealed that the user experience using technology was dependent on the patient profile; the patients had a better user experience when they use technologies with direct interaction configuration as opposed to indirect interaction configuration in terms of assistance required (P=.01) and comprehension (P=.01); the participants did not trigger any emotional responses when using any of the technologies; the participants’ performance was task-dependent; the most cost-effective technology was the mouse, whereas the least cost-effective was AR; and all the technologies, except for one (HMD with LM), were not exposed to external hazards.

Conclusions

Most participants were able to perform tasks using out-of-the-shelf technologies. However, there is no perfect technology, as they are not explicitly designed to address the needs and skills of people with dementia. Here, we propose a set of guidelines that aim to help health professionals and engineers maximize user experience when using such technologies for the population with dementia.
Evaluation of More Stamina, a Mobile App for Fatigue Management in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis: Protocol for a Feasibility, Acceptability, and Usability Study
Authors: Giunti Guido , Rivera-Romero Octavio , Kool Jan , Bansi Jens , Sevillano Jose Luis , Granja-Dominguez Anabel , Izquierdo-Ayuso Guillermo , Giunta Diego
Published: June 2020

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the world’s most common neurologic disorders leading to severe disability in young adults. MS-related fatigue directly impacts on the quality of life and activity levels of people with MS. Self-management strategies are used to support them in the care of their health. Mobile health (mHealth) solutions can offer tools to help symptom management. Following a user-centered design and evidence-based process, an mHealth solution called More Stamina was created to help persons with MS manage their fatigue.

Objective

The overall study aims are to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of More Stamina, a mobile app for fatigue self-management for persons with MS.

Methods

A mixed-methods, multicenter study will be used to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of More Stamina. The study will take place during the third and fourth quarters of 2020 (Q3-Q4 2020) in 3 locations: Argentina, Spain, and Switzerland. A longitudinal cohort study will take place, and think-aloud protocols, open-ended interviews, and short answer questionnaires will be used. Persons with MS will be recruited from the different locations. This study seeks to enroll at least 20 patients that meet the criteria from each site for the longitudinal cohort study (total n=60).

Results

Ethical approval has been granted in Argentina and is pending in Spain and Switzerland. Outcomes will be published in peer-reviewed medical journals and presented at international conferences.

Conclusions

Findings from this study will be used to help understand the role that mHealth can play in fatigue management in MS.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04244214; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04244214

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/18196
De-Identification and Policy Implications for Common Data Model: Review for Medical Data Anonymity (Preprint)
Authors: Jeon Seungho , Seo Jeongeun , Kim Sukyoung , Lee Jeongmoon , Kim Jongho , Sohn Jangwook , Moon Jongsub , Joo Hyung Joon
Published: June 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Common data model (CDM) is a data representation standard that unifies the observational database scheme for each medical institution and allows an analysis using the same tools. Although the analysis for CDM data does not directly examine a medical institution’s original data, it is essential to establish a policy that considers the CDM database operating environment because privacy issues cannot be avoided. The observational medical outcomes partnership common data model (OMOP CDM) defined by Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics, a nonprofit organization, eliminates most personal information when constructing the database by design principles. When transforming the database of the medical institution to the OMOP CDM structure, the original data “source_value” is maintained to minimize information loss, which may cause the re-identification of the individual. This review presents a de-identification strategy for the original data, which can be considered when operating a CDM database in a public computing environment such as cloud computing. Furthermore, we evaluate the re-identification risk to the CDM database based on the proposed strategy using privacy models such as k-anonymity, l-diversity, and t-closeness. The analysis shows that the CDM database is highly anonymized on average (the highest re-identification record ration is 11.3 %), but every table in the CDM database contains one or more re-identifiable records. It has been confirmed that the risk of re-identification is reduced significantly by applying a de-identification strategy.
Decision Algorithm for Prescribing SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Li Jiahua , Albajrami Oltjon , Zhuo Min , Hawley Chelsea E. , Paik Julie M.
Published: June 2020

Diabetic kidney disease and its comorbid conditions, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes, and obesity, are interconnected conditions that compound the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular mortality, and exponentiate health care costs. Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) are novel diabetes medications that prevent cardiovascular events and kidney failure. Clinical trials exploring the cardiovascular and kidney outcomes of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA have fundamentally shifted the treatment paradigm of diabetes. Clinical guidelines for diabetes management recommend a more holistic approach beyond glycemic control and emphasize heart and kidney protection of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA. However, the adoption of prescribing SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA for patients with diabetes and high cardiovascular and kidney risk has been slow. In this review, we provide a decision-making tool to help clinicians determine when to consider SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA for heart and kidney protection. First, we discuss a comprehensive risk assessment for patients with diabetic kidney disease. We compare the effectiveness of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA for different risk categories. Then, we present a decision algorithm using cardiovascular and kidney failure risk stratification and the strength of current evidence for the use of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA. Lastly, we review the adverse effects of SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA and propose mitigation strategies.
Diagnostic application of transabdominal ultrasound in pediatric patients with hematochezia
Authors: Zhang Chunlin , Zhang Chaoxue
Published: June 2020

The objective of the work was to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound in diseases causing hematochezia. The present retrospective study included 427 pediatric patients with hematochezia or hematochezia accompanied by abdominal pain, who came to our hospital from October 2014 to September 2018. Transabdominal ultrasound was performed in all patients. Demographic data such as age, gender and clinical variables including symptoms and the hematochezia aspect were recorded. The diagnostic accuracy was analyzed. Among all patients, the hematochezia types were dark red bloody stools 163 (38.2%), black stools 102 (23.9%), jam-like bloody stools74 (17.3%), scarlet blood 55 (12.9%) and fecal occult blood 33 (7.7%). There were 153 (35.8%) patients with intussusception, 116 (27.2%) patients with Meckel’s diverticulum, 95 (22.2%) patients with intestinal duplication, and 63 (14.8%) patients with intestinal polyps. Transabdominal ultrasound showed there were 150 patients with intussusception, with an accuracy of 98.0%; 103 patients with Meckel’s diverticulum, with an accuracy of 88.8%; 84 patients with intestinal duplication, with an accuracy of 88.4%; and 54 patients with intestinal polyps, with an accuracy of 85.7%. The diagnostic sensitivity was significantly higher for intussusception than for other diseases. It is concluded that transabdominal ultrasound had a high accuracy in the diagnosis of hematochezia-related diseases, including intussusception, Meckel’s diverticulum, intestinal polyps and intestinal duplication.
Pantai Taman-Pacitan ecotourism development: Conservation and community empowerment orientation
Authors: Prihanta Wahyu , Zainuri Ach. Muhib , Hartini Rahayu , Syarifuddin Amir , Patma Tundung Subali
Published: June 2020

Ecotourism is a form of tourism that is closely linked to the principle of conservation. Thus, ecotourism is right and beneficial in maintaining the integrity and authenticity of ecosystems in natural areas, particularly turtle conservation areas. Ecotourism is synergized to turtle conservation as it has such features: (1) Conservation, the use of biodiversity does not damage the natural source, also it does not cause negative impact whereas it is very environmentally friendly, (2) Education, by improving community’s awareness and changing their behavior about the need for conservation of living natural resources and their conservation, (3) Economy, ecotourism provides economic benefits and spur regional development; and (4) Active role of community, this is done by building partnership with local communities for the development of ecotourism. Based on the issues, “IbW Conservation and Ecotourism Ngadirojo  District Pacitan Region” was done by (1) Making a model of tourism activities that is environmentally, ecologically, socially, and economically beneficial to local communities and to the sustainability of natural resources, (2) Assessing the object of tourist attraction in flora and fauna conservation areas, in this case sea turtles and their ecosystems, so that can synergize with ecotourism activities, and (3) Making a model of local community-based tourist institution. The method implemented to achieve the objectives was “Community Empowerment through Ecotourism” which is described as follow: (1) Land Conservation, value and travel product, (2) Creation of an ecotourism atmosphere that all people who live in the area will gain the benefit, (3) The development of tourism activities that carry the excellence of the physical, economic, socio-cultural aspects of the local, (4) The solid image of ecotourism activities in the region that is supported by the readiness of all stakeholders, and (5) Integration of turtle theme conservation and ecotourism area with other supporting tourism products in the Regency. Pacitan Construction of facilities that have been carried out are: (1) developing the forest of eternity, (2) ecological restoration of coastal forests, (3) making sea water wells for turtle ponds, (4) nursery of coastal forest vegetation, (5) construction of marine biota ponds and sanitation facilities, (6) construction of shelters and gazebos, (7) construction of parking lot, and (8) widening of the ecotourism ring road. The next stage plans are: (1) ecotourism community empowerment, (2) strengthening the ecotourism area, and (3) revitalization of marine biota ponds.
Strengthening character education through literacy movement at Muhammadiyah junior high schol
Authors: Zaenab Siti , Chamisijatin Lise , Wahyuni Sri
Published: June 2020

Muhammadiyah Junior High School 02 of Batu city has implemented the Strengthening of Character Education (SBE) through community service program in 2017. It is analyzed that the proram has obstacles in its implementation of classroom-based (SBE), it is proved by the inability of teachers to integrate character values into subjects to match the curriculum content. Thus, it is projected that to improve classroom-based SBE can be done by integrating literacy activities. The classroom-based SBE approach can be implemented through developing instructional method, classroom management, and integrating literacy activities into lesson plan of 2013 Curriculum. This community service program aims to improve SBE through literacy movement at MJHS 02 of Batu City. The method implemented was participation-based method through training and mentoring of SBE, also mentoring to plan and practice the SBE implementation through literacy movement. This program involves school teachers and principle of SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu, as many of 16 personnel. Data collection was gathered through observation and document which then analyzed descriptively. Results show that there is an improvement on teachers’ competence in developing lesson plan using classroom-based SBE concept through literacy movement, and an improvement also shown on teachers’ skill in implementing class instruction which is based on 2013 Curriculum that applies SBE through literacy movement. This improvement simultaneously contributes to students’ achievement expected in the 2013 Curriculum, namely character improvement.
Percepción del consumo y uso de haba: aporte nutricional en Ciudad Serdán, Puebla, México
Authors: Fuentes Herrera Paula Beatriz , Delgado Alvarado Adriana , Herrera Cabrera Braulio Edgar , Olvera Hernández José Isabel , Luna Guevara María Lorena
Published: June 2020

El haba (Vicia faba L.) es una fuente de proteínas y fibra dietética, además de que tiene compuestos que previenen o reducen enfermedades crónicas (cáncer, diabetes, enfermedades cardiovasculares y obesidad). El estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer y analizar la opinión de los productores sobre el consumo y uso de los cultivares de haba en Ciudad Serdán, Puebla, México, para evidenciar el conocimiento que tienen sobre el aporte nutritivo que esta leguminosa les proporciona. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva mediante una entrevista semiestructurada, realizada a 21 productores de haba. Se encontró que los entrevistados conocían seis cultivares de haba (blanca, morada, criolla amarilla, tarragona, parraleña y cochinera), aunque la mayoría siembra la criolla amarilla. El haba la utilizan principalmente para consumo humano y para el mercado. La mayoría de los productores (71.43%) no tenía conocimiento de que el haba se utilice para tratar alguna enfermedad, pero algunos la usan para evitar agruras, curar heridas y aliviar dolor de cabeza. La mayor parte de ellos consideró que el haba les provee nutrientes, pero desconocen los beneficios que esta especie aporta a la salud. Se resalta la importancia de informar a los productores sobre el valor nutricional y funcional que esta leguminosa puede proveer al consumidor.
Huertos familiares y alimentación de grupos domésticos cafetaleros en la Sierra Madre de Chiapas, México
Authors: Benítez Kánter Marina , Soto Pinto Lorena , Estrada Lugo Erin Ingrid Jane , Pat Fernández Lucio
Published: June 2020

Se analizaron las características socioeconómicas, los huertos familiares y la dieta de 36 grupos domésticos que se dedican al cultivo de café orgánico en nueve localidades de la Sierra Madre de Chiapas; con el objetivo de analizar los cambios, las tendencias y permanencias que se han dado en los huertos familiares en relación con los procesos de especialización e intensificación del cultivo de café. En los huertos familiares se encontraron plantas predominantes de los estratos herbáceo y arbustivo, con un gran número de especies ornamentales e introducidas. Entre generaciones estos han disminuido en tamaño, abundancia de plantas y usos, debido a la introducción de los patios de secado de café, la sucesión de tierras y la construcción de viviendas. De los grupos domésticos, 52.8% presenta condiciones de inseguridad alimentaria.
Retos y estrategias para la reducción del uso de plaguicidas en Chiapas, México, desde la perspectiva de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil
Authors: Anaya Zamora Ixchel Carolina , Mier y Terán Giménez Cacho Mateo , Urdapilleta Carrasco Jorge , Ferguson Bruce
Published: June 2020

La disminución y el no uso de plaguicidas dependen de factores económicos, políticos y culturales, por lo cual se deben considerar los procesos y actores involucrados, a fin de que sean más efectivas las acciones encaminadas a lograr sistemas agroalimentarios sustentables. En este trabajo se destacan las estrategias y retos de diferentes Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil (OSC), enfocadas en proyectos alimentarios, que han identificado como relevantes la disminución o eliminación de plaguicidas. Se trabajó con una metodología cualitativa, basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis de narrativa, a través de cuatro categorías previamente construidas: a) Uso indiscriminado; b) Uso Regulado; c) Transición; y d) No uso. Esto permitió identificar los principales retos para disminuir o eliminar el uso de plaguicidas y estrategias entre las que destacan el respeto a la autonomía para fomentar los puentes de socialización, la importancia de la información, los procesos de formación entre las OSC y productores, la creación y fortalecimiento de espacios alternativos, el trabajo en redes y una postura política centrada en la agroecología.
Perspectivas espaciales en el aprovechamiento del recurso eólico en ciudad Ixtepec, Oaxaca
Authors: Sánchez Casanova Wendy Marilú
Published: June 2020

El estudio de las representaciones espaciales resulta de gran utilidad en ciencias sociales dado que fortalece vertientes críticas de la relación naturaleza-sociedad como la ecología política. Así, este trabajo identifica y analiza las categorías de espacio, paisaje, territorio, lugar y región ante la inminencia del aprovechamiento de energía eólica en Ciudad Ixtepec, Oaxaca, ello a través de un enfoque cualitativo, resaltando la perspectiva del actor, apoyada por la triangulación y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se encontró que predomina la categoría de territorio mediante dos formas de apropiación, una por parte del gobierno y las empresas eólicas privadas, quienes ostentan la categoría de territorio en su sentido político-jurídico, basándose en una vinculación entre paisaje y región con fines clasificatorios y económicos. Por otro lado, los comuneros ixtepecanos, teniendo a Fundación Yansa como posible socio y mediador, apelan a la historia y la vivencia, reclamando su derecho a ser los propios gestores de un territorio en conexión con la categoría de lugar, siendo el paisaje una perspectiva que abona al esquema de apego y arraigo del espacio en controversia.
Impacto socioeconómico y ambiental del PROGAN y el PROCAMPO en el municipio de El Oro, Durango
Authors: Ríos Rentería Ismael , Rivera Patricia
Published: June 2020

Los subsidios agropecuarios como el Programa de Apoyos Directos al Campo (PROCAMPO) y el Programa de Producción Pecuaria Sustentable y Ordenamiento Ganadero y Apícola (PROGAN) son visualizados generalmente como políticas de aumento de producción y alteración comercial; sin embargo, también generan impactos sociales y ambientales. Por ello, esta investigación analiza sus efectos tanto en el desarrollo socioeconómico de los productores apoyados, como en el manejo de los recursos naturales en el municipio de El Oro, Durango. Para este estudio se realizó una revisión de literatura, se aplicó un censo y se entrevistó a los actores clave de los programas. Los resultados indican que los objetivos de los programas son cuestionables porque, aunque contribuyen parcialmente al desarrollo socioeconómico de los productores, la inequidad prevalece en la distribución de los recursos económicos y en materia ambiental se constata que ambos programas provocan efectos negativos indirectos, impactando en mayor medida el suelo, por ejemplo, a través del aumento en el uso de herbicidas, fertilizantes e insecticidas, y, en menor medida, la apertura de nuevas tierras a la agricultura.
Enfoque actual de la motivación de las sentencias. Su análisis como componente del debido proceso
Authors: Valenzuela Pirotto Gastón Fernando
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo versa sobre la investigación científica del fenómeno de la motivación de las sentencias, partiendo desde su origen y evolución hasta su consagración como componente inherente al debido proceso. Asimismo, se expondrán las características que en la actualidad debe revestir toda motivación, su estrecha vinculación con la valoración de la prueba y las consecuencias que provoca su ausencia. A tal fin, se analizará el articulado contenido en el Código General del Proceso uruguayo y los aportes vertidos tanto por la jurisprudencia como por la doctrina nacional y extranjera.
Issues of power in social work practice in mental health services for people from Black and minority ethnic groups
Authors: Jupp Victoria
Published: June 2020

This article provides a critique of some theories of power when applied to social work practice within mental health services for people from black and minority ethnic backgrounds. Current research into the experiences of black and minority ethnic mental health service users is analysed to demonstrate the centrality of power within social work practice. The article argues that social work should be viewed as a process of change that allows for the individuality of the service user, alongside the necessity of social workers acknowledging power differentials and taking responsibility for their own power in order to develop a continual critique of the empowerment process.
Social Work Practices of Art
Authors: Chambon Adrienne
Published: June 2020

Stepping out of the catalogue starting from text an authoritative voice where do I start if not from text? A text as a map orienting the reader I hold on to it on the way to the projection room before letting go...
Profound Connections Between Person And Place
Authors: Zapf Michael Kim
Published: June 2020

Recent efforts to incorporate spirituality into the knowledge foundation of the urban-based social work profession have often presented spirituality as either an additional aspect of the individual client to be assessed or as just another resource for use in clinical practice. A rural perspective, with particular attention to the worldview offered by traditional knowledge systems, suggests a very different understanding of spirituality that does not separate person from place. When the environment is understood as a conscious entity, a partner, then spiritual transformation must occur with the environment or as the environment, not in it.
Overcoming social oppression
Authors: Schatz Mona C. S. , Tracy John R. , Tracy Sandy N.
Published: June 2020

Even if it appears that the top political leaders are the primary players in social and political conflicts, all members of society are affected, feeling the vulnerability and oppression that insidiously operates below the surface of daily life. The longer the periods of oppression, the more emotionally weakened individuals and families become. Social psychologists, social worker change experts, and others have utilized large and small group techniques that access earlier personal memories – family memories and interpersonal conflicts – to explore the nature of oppression. Whether in conference settings, educational environments, or specialized professional training programs, professionals (e.g., Jones, 1996; Schatz, Furman, & Jenkins, 2003) have offered creative group-oriented approaches, e.g. theatric and dialogue group processes, to examine the personal nature of oppression and the healing that can come from these group experiences. This paper explores creative theatre and dialogue in multinational learning settings.
Attitudes and actions towards sustainability: A survey of Norwegian SMEs
Authors: Sveen Arnt , Gresaker Ole Kristian , Hæhre Reidar , Madsen Dag Øivind , Stenheim Tonny
Published: June 2020

Sustainability is one of the biggest buzzwords and catchphrases of the 21st century, dominating not only management discourse but also the public debate in general. Today, many large organizations have bought into the idea that sustainability is essential and have already taken steps towards implementing more sustainable business practices. While past research indicates that SMEs are typically lagging behind their larger counterparts, our knowledge about the sustainability attitudes and actions of the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is limited. This is also the case in Norway, where there is minimal research on what impact sustainability ideas have had on business practices. More knowledge about sustainability in SMEs is crucial since these firms comprise a large and crucial part of the Norwegian economy. Therefore, this paper aims to examine sustainability attitudes and actions among managers of Norwegian SMEs employing an electronic survey. Drawing on existing research, we propose a typology of managerial responses to sustainability, distinguishing between four groups of managers, which are labeled: 1) skeptics; 2) adaptors; 3) posers and 4) enthusiasts. The findings of the survey suggest that most managers can be characterized as skeptics and that adaptors are the smallest group. While there has been a general increase in sustainability commitment, sustainability initiatives tend to be lagging behind. These findings have several practical and policy related implications.
Uso de fitoterápicos em cicatrização de lesão por pressão – scoping review
Authors: Lirian Tozzini Jessica , Fiori Mamede Roberta , Francisco Drielly , Vallim Jorgetto Juliana , Vallim Jorgetto Giovanna
Published: June 2020

A Fitoterapia é a terapêutica que utiliza medicamentos cujos constituintes ativos são plantas ou derivados vegetais. As plantas utilizadas para esse fim são denominadas medicinais. Mesmo com toda a diversidade de espécies existentes, o potencial do uso de plantas como fonte de novos medicamentos em humanos ainda é pouco explorado. Objetivo: Identificar aspectos referentes ao uso de fitoterápicos na cicatrização de lesões por pressão. Método: Revisão do tipo scoping review nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo, Medline e Lilacs, a partir do cruzamento das palavras chave “fitoterapia”, “cicatrização”, “lesão por pressão” e “humanos”. Resultados: Dez artigos foram incluídos na revisão, sendo 50% realizados no Brasil.Em relação aos métodos empregados, a maioria (30%) era ensaios clínicos. A maioria (30%) dos artigos foi publicada no ano de 2016. Em relação às categorias elencadas, no que se refere aos estudos relacionados ao uso dos fitoterápicos, foram analisadas as peculiaridades referentes a lesões por pressão e cicatrização e os estudos organizados de acordo com o nível de evidência, para torná-los mais acessíveis aos profissionais. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a escassez de estudos clínicos sobre o tema em humanos e a necessidade de estudos de comprovação clínica, custos e benefícios.
Itinerários terapêuticos na busca pelo cuidado: o caso dos pacientes pediátricos fibrocísticos
Authors: Schneider Loss Gabriel , Pegoraro Alves Stella , Bueno Denise
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Caracterizar o itinerário terapêutico de pacientes pediátricos com fibrose cística, compreendendo seu posicionamento nas Redes de Atenção à Saúde (RAS) e o papel da assistência farmacêutica no seu cuidado. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo realizado com 11 cuidadores de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de pneumologia pediátrica de um hospital universitário do sul do Brasil, entre março e abril de 2015. Os questionários aplicados foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados: Identificaram-se 5 eixos temáticos: (I) descoberta da doença e início do itinerário terapêutico; (II) burocracia, política e sistema judiciário; (III) assistência à saúde e as facilidades aparentes; (IV) interações sociais e (V) percursos circulares e as falhas na comunicação. Conclusões: Percebe-se um percurso circular entre o ambulatório, a farmácia pública do estado e as associações de pacientes. Destacam-se a desarticulação das RAS, a ineficiência da assistência farmacêutica e as dificuldades de comunicação.
Avaliação formal de prescrições odontológicas no âmbito da atenção primária em município do Seridó Potiguar
Authors: Batista Almária , Correia Thereza
Published: June 2020

Prescrições não conformes com a legislação podem comprometer a segurança do paciente, evidenciando fragilidades na qualidade do serviço de saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar as prescrições de medicamentos elaboradas por cirurgiões-dentistas, no âmbito da atenção primária, de acordo com a legislação em vigor. Método: Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado nas 23 unidades básicas de saúde do município de Caicó, RN, no período de julho de 2017 a dezembro de 2018, de análise das segundas vias das prescrições elaboradas por cirurgiões-dentistas durante o ano de 2016, arquivadas nas farmácias dessas unidades. As prescrições foram avaliadas segundo o cumprimento do disposto nas Leis nos 5.991, de 1973, e 9.787, de 1999, e a Resolução (RDC/Anvisa) nº 20, de 2011. Resultados e Discussões: Dentre os itens não conformes com a legislação, destacam-se a ausência de idade e sexo do usuário, na totalidade das prescrições, de informações que permitam contatar o prescritor e de carimbo e assinatura do farmacêutico atestando dispensação, na imensa maioria delas, e da especificação da duração do tratamento em uma terça parte. Conclusão: Evidencia-se necessidade incluir, na formação de odontólogos, o ensino das boas práticas de prescrição, considerando aspectos legais, farmacológicos e de segurança do paciente, e a de sensibilizar cirurgiões-dentistas, demais profissionais de saúde e gestores para a adoção de práticas seguras por ocasião de seus processos de trabalho.
Diabetes Self-management Education and Support in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Report of the American Diabetes Association, the Association of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Academy of PAs, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, and the American Pharmacists Association
Authors: Powers Margaret A. , Bardsley Joan K. , Cypress Marjorie , Funnell Martha M. , Harms Dixie , Hess-Fischl Amy , Hooks Beulette , Isaacs Diana , Mandel Ellen D. , Maryniuk Melinda D. , Norton Anna , Rinker Joanne , Siminerio Linda M. , Uelmen Sacha
Published: June 2020

Diabetes
is a complex and challenging disease that requires daily self-management
decisions made by the person with diabetes. Diabetes self-management education
and support (DSMES) addresses the comprehensive blend of clinical, educational,
psychosocial, and behavioral aspects of care needed for daily self-management
and provides the foundation to help all people with diabetes navigate
their daily self-care with confidence and improved outcomes (1,2).

The
prevalence of diagnosed diabetes is projected to increase in the U.S from 22.3
million (9.1% of total population) in 2014, to 39.7 million (13%) in 2030, and
to 60.6 million (17%) in 2060 (3). Approximately 90-95% of those with
diabetes have type 2 diabetes (4). Diabetes is an expensive disease, and the medical costs of health care alone for
a person with diabetes are 2.3 times more than for a person without diabetes (5). Confounding the diabetes epidemic
and high costs, therapeutic targets are not being met (6). There is a lack of improvement in
reaching clinical target goals since 2005 despite advancements in medication
and technology treatment modalities. Indeed, between 2010 and 2016 improved outcomes
stalled or reversed (6).

The
goals of the consensus report are to improve clinical care and education
services, to improve the health of individuals and populations, and to reduce
diabetes-associated per capita health care costs (1,7). This paper is specifically directed
towards health care providers (physicians, nurse practitioners, PAs), referred
to herein as providers, as it outlines the benefits of DSMES; defines 4
critical times to provide and modify DSMES (see Figure 1); proposes how to
locate DSMES related resources; and discusses potential solutions to access and
utilization barriers. This report provides guidance to others as well: health
systems and organizations can use this report to anticipate and address the
needs of persons with diabetes and create access to DSMES services; persons
with diabetes can increase their awareness of DSMES services as part of quality
care and can advocate for self-management education and support; and payers and
policy makers can work to design reimbursement processes that support
participation in DSMES. The consensus report’s recommendations are listed in
Table 1.
GIP and GLP-1 Potentiate Sulfonylurea-Induced Insulin Secretion in Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-Alpha Mutation Carriers
Authors: Admin Ada , Christensen Alexander S. , Hædersdal Sofie , Storgaard Heidi , Rose Kathrine , Hansen Nina L. , Holst Jens J. , Hansen Torben , Knop Filip K. , Vilsbøll Tina
Published: June 2020

Sulfonylureas
(SUs) provide an efficacious first-line treatment in patients with hepatocyte
nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A)-diabetes, but SUs have limitations due to risk
of hypoglycemia. Treatment based on the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent
insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1), are characterized
by their glucose-dependent insulinotropic actions without risk of hypoglycemia.
The effect of SUs together with GIP or
GLP-1, respectively, on insulin and glucagon secretion in patients with
HNF1A-diabetes is currently unknown. To investigate this, ten HNF1A mutation carriers and ten
non-diabetic controls were recruited for a double-blinded, placebo-controlled,
crossover study including six experimental days in a randomized order involving
2h euglycemic-hyperglycemic clamps with co-administration of 1) SU (glimepiride
1 mg) or placebo, combined with 2) infusions of either GIP (1.5 pmol/kg/min),
GLP-1 (0.5 pmol/kg/min) or saline (NaCl). In HNF1A mutation carriers we observed: 1)
hypoinsulinemia, 2) insulinotropic effects of both GIP and GLP-1, 3) additive to supra-additive effects on insulin secretion
when combining SU+GIP and SU+GLP1, respectively, and 4) increased fasting and
arginine-induced glucagon levels compared to non-diabetic controls. Our study suggests
that a combination of SU and incretin-based treatment may be efficacious in patients
with HNF1A-diabetes via potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
From pest to pet. Liminality, domestication and animal agency in the killing of rats and cats
Authors: Schuurman Nora , Dirke Karin
Published: June 2020

The ways in which the end of life of an animal is understood and undertaken depend on the category of the animal and its position in relation to humans. In this paper, we explore how transformations in human–animal relationality, including practices and cultural conceptions about animals become apparent in the norms and practices regarding the killing of animals. We focus here on rats and cats, species whose position in society has always been liminal, especially between the category of pet and that of pest but also between wild and domesticated. Rats and cats have co-existed with each other and with humans since a very long time and the three species have co-evolved in a constant dance of mutual interests and conflicts. The shared history of this multispecies network reflects in many ways how humans have related to animals in different historical and spatial contexts and how these relations have transformed. By discussing the entanglement of rats, cats and humans in the close connection between caring and killing we wish to highlight the ways in which human–animal relations are manifested in the North of Europe during the 20th century. The specific context of the study is Sweden and Finland, countries that share similar history and cultural characteristics. In our analysis we draw from various data collected in both countries, including written narratives from an nationwide writing collection and historic documents such as the journals of animal welfare societies and documents concerning the extermination of rats.
Koripallotähti vai tuholainen? Rottien tulkitseminen kulttuurisissa konteksteissa
Authors: Vihelmaa Ella
Published: June 2020

Semiotiikan näkökulmasta eläinkäsityksemme rakentuvat monenlaisissa lajinsisäisissä ja lajienvälisissä käännösprosesseissa. Ihminen kääntää kielenulkoista eläimyyttään kielellisiksi merkeiksi puhuessaan hormonaalisesta tilastaan tai hammassärystään, sykkeestään tai väsymyksestään, mutta yhtä lailla ihmiskielelle käännetään toislajisten eläinten tuottamia merkkejä. Lajienvälisiä suhteitamme määrittääkin ratkaisevasti se, mitä toislajisia merkkejä milloinkin käännämme ja miten. Lajienvälisessä käännöstoiminnassa ihmislajin valtakausi tuntuu siinä, kuinka ympäristömme tulkitsijoina keskitymme ihmisten tuottamiin merkkeihin. Silloin kun toislajisten merkkejä vaivaudutaan kääntämään, tulkintaa ohjaavat ihmisten tilannekohtaiset tarkoitusperät. Tätä kuvastaa se, kuinka yhteismitattomin tavoin rottia tulkitaan eri yhteyksissä – tiedekeskuksen koripallomestareista viemärin lainsuojattomiin.
Ikääntyvien naisten kokema yksinäisyys
Authors: Rahikka Anne , Annaniemi Virpi , Suutari Saini
Published: June 2020

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan ikääntyvien 60–76-vuotiaiden naisten kokemaa yksinäisyyttä sekä heidän yksinäisyydelle antamiaan merkityksiä. Lisäksi artikkelin keskeisenä kysymyksenä on niukan toimeentulon vaikutukset yksinäisyyden kokemuksiin. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu yhdeksästä ikääntyvän naisen teemahaastattelusta, jotka suoritettiin pääkaupunkiseudulla kevään 2018 aikana. Analyysimenetelmänä käytettiin teoriaohjaavaa sisällönanalyysiä.

Ikääntyvien naisten kokema yksinäisyys oli ajoittaista ja tilanteista, ja se nimettiin yksinäisyyden aaltomaiseksi vaihteluksi. Yksinäisyyden taustalla olivat elämäntilanteessa tapahtuneet muutokset. Nykyisistä sosiaalisista suhteista huolimatta naiset kaipasivat samanhenkistä seuraa. Olemassa oleva sosiaalinen verkosto ei pystynyt täyttämään heidän sosiaalisiin suhteisiin kohdistamiaan odotuksia. Niukka toimeentulo vahvisti naisten kokemaa yksinäisyyttä, koska se rajoitti vaihtoehtoisia keinoja ratkaista yksinäisyyttä. Niukkaan toimeentuloon yhdistyi lisäksi ulkopuolisuuden tunne, kun naiset joutuivat kieltäytymään heitä kiinnostavista harrastuksista ja tapahtumista. Yksinäisyyden kietoutuminen niukkaan toimeentuloon huolestutti suurinta osaa naisia ja elämänkulun janalla tulevaisuus näyttäytyi epävarmana. Yksinäisyys on yksilöllinen ja monimerkityksellinen ilmiö suhteessa aikaan ja elämäntilanteeseen. Yksinäisyyden ja taloudellisen toimeentulon välistä kytköstä tulisi selvittää lisää, jotta pystytään paremmin kehittämään toimivia interventioita yksinäisyyden ehkäisemiseksi.