bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detoxification processes in the cows fed nickel citrate supplement at late pregnancy and first months of lactation
Authors:   Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies Lviv, 50 Pekarska str., Lviv, 79010, Ukraine, Koleschuk O. I. , Kovalchuk I. I. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Tsap M. M. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Khomyn M. M. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

The article presents experimental data on the effect of nickel citrate obtained using nanotechnology on the biochemical parameters of cows’ blood. The animals were divided into 3 groups. Group I was the control one. The animals of the II and III experimental groups received a feed additive of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg of dry matter of the diet daily during the ninth month of lactation and the first two months after calving. It was found that the addition of both doses of nickel citrate to the transition cows diet contributed to positive changes in some biochemical parameters. A decrease in the content of lipid hydroperoxides, TBA-active products, as well as phenolic compounds was revealed. It should be noted that supplementation cows with nickel citrate in the first month after calving led to a significant increase in the content of lipid hydroperoxides by 15.1% in the third experimental group (P<0.01) against decrease in the level of TBARS by 14.8% compared with the control group (P<0.05). Feeding cows of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.1 mg/kg of dry matter stimulated the binding of free phenols and increased the concentration of their conjugated compounds, particularly phenolglucuronides, in the blood of animals of experimental group II by 20.2% (P<0.05). Instead, the use of nickel citrate in the amount of 0.3 mg/kg of dry matter contributed to a more pronounced activation of detoxification function with increasing concentrations of phenolsulfates and phenolglucuronides in the blood of animals of experimental group III compared with animals of control group by 23.1 and 21.2% (P<0.05).
The different inbreed differentiation sows’ reproductive qualities according to some mathematical models and economic effectiveness of their use
Authors:   State Institution “Institute of Grain Crops NAAS”, 14 V. Vernadsky str., Dnipro, 49027, Ukraine, Khalak V. I. , Kozyr V. S. ,   State Institution “Institute of Grain Crops NAAS”, 14 V. Vernadsky str., Dnipro, 49027, Ukraine, Grabovska O. S. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str., Lviv, 79034, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

The large white breed sows’ reproductive qualities using traditional and innovative methods of evaluation are presented, the level of correlations between traits is determined and the economic efficiency of research results is calculated. Sows’ reproductive qualities were studied taking into account the following characteristics: fertility, highfertility, milk yield, number of piglets at weaning, litter weight at weaning at the age of 28–35 days, survival of piglets before weaning. An integrated assessment of sows reproductive qualities was performed according to the sows’ litter uniformity (homogeneity) index by live weight of newborn piglets (Khalak V. I., 2012), sow breeding reproductive qualities index (СІBЯС), (Tcserenyuk O. M., 2010) and Berezovsky M. D. index (Vashchenko P. A., 2019). It has been established that sows of the elite class, according to the sow reproductive qualities selection index (СІBЯС) and the Berezovsky M. D. index dominated peers of class II and class M+ in terms of fertility by an average of 33.40%, milk yield by 32.98% and litter weight at the time of weaning by 26.46%. The criterion for selection of highly productive animals are sows of the elite class, 97.85–123.99 points — according to the sow reproductive qualities selection index (СІBЯС) and 40.18–50.58 — according to the Berezovsky M. D. index. The pairwise correlation coefficient between the characteristics of reproductive qualities ranges from –0.307 to +0.995. The number of reliable connections is 85.71%. The maximum increase in production on the nest weight indicator at the time of weaning at the age of 28–30 days (kg) was obtained from sows of the elite class (+11.07%), as well as M+ on the sows reproductive qualities selection index (СІBЯС) (+16.16%) and the Berezovsky M. D. index (+16.05%).
FORMATION OF THE BANKRUPTCY PROCESS (BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS) AND ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE 1990s IN INDEPENDENT UKRAINE
Authors: Poliakov R.B.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the formation and development of the competitive process in independent Ukraine, namely in the 90s of the twentieth century, during its economic downturn. The normative legal acts of that period, which regulated the insolvency relations and the corresponding Explanations of the Supreme Arbitration Court of Ukraine, are studied. It is emphasized that the first act of the competitive process of independent Ukraine — the Bankruptcy Law at 1992, proved to be very simple to solve the problems of insolvency of large industrial enterprises. The author accentuates that this law in its essence resembled the competitive process of the XIX century, where there was only a liquidation procedure. The lack of a full-fledged financial recovery procedure, traditional measures of the bankruptcy process, a professional arbitration manager and legal deadlines for the regulation of bankruptcy proceedings led to litigation and unjustified liquidation of strategic industrial enterprises for the state. It is argued that the purpose of the Explanations of the Supreme Arbitration Court of Ukraine dated 18.11.1998 was to increase the efficiency of the law itself, mitigate the negative consequences of its application, resolve problems of simultaneous settlement of commercial disputes in litigation with consideration of monetary claims of creditors in bankruptcy proceedings. The important points of this Clarification are emphasized concerning the application of procedural norms, the legal status of the participants in the case, the structure and content of the application for initiating bankruptcy proceedings, the functions of the court, the work of the liquidation commission, etc. It is noted that the Clarification not only facilitated the work of arbitration courts and participants in the bankruptcy proceedings, but also allowed to properly understand the essence of the bankruptcy process itself, previously unknown to the legal science of Ukraine. It is argued that the Bankruptcy Law at 1999 was of revolutionary significance for the development of the bankruptcy process in Ukraine. He significantly intensified the activities of arbitration courts. Significantly increased the number of bankruptcy cases initiated by debtors, including large industrial enterprises. In many cases, the courts began to apply reorganization and amicable agreement procedures. There are differences between the Bankruptcy Laws at 1992 and 1999, in particular in their direction. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the benefits provided by the Bankruptcy Law of 1999 could be used by debtors in respect of whom cases were initiated under the "old" version of the Law. The activities of arbitration managers allowed to maximize the efficiency of the bankruptcy procedure in terms of financial recovery of debtors and repayment of creditors’ claims.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR VIOLATION OF LEGISLATION IN THE SPHERE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF THE CITY
Authors:   State Organization ", Kirin R.S. ,   V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of NAS of Ukraine",   , Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

This article about the analysis of the features of legal liability for violation of legislation in the field of environmental safety of the city. It was revealed that the prescriptions of environmental and urban planning legislation establishing legal responsibility have a low level of correspondence with the prescriptions of administrative and criminal legislation. It has been substantiated that the considered acts of subjects in the composition of criminal and administrative offenses against the environment affect directly or indirectly the state of the city’s ecological safety, the consequences of which can vary according to the following indicators: in time; in space; in a circle of objects of influence; in a circle of subjects of influence; quantity and cost; quality; the presence of a causal link between the unlawful act of the identified subject and the fact of causing harm. It is proposed to consider as the most optimal strategy for the development of large cities according to the criteria of environmental safety, firstly, the analysis of options for the development of a particular environmental situation in the city, secondly, making weighted environmental decisions that would minimize deficiencies in management and, thirdly, analysis of the new urban ecological situation and a new adjustment of management decisions. It has been established that the general scheme of the causal relationship of an environmental offense "action – result" has variability, which can manifest itself in the form of links of the form: "environmentally dangerous actions – potential threat to an object", "potential threat — a real threat to an object", "real threat — a dangerous state object", "dangerous state — causing environmental harm". The implementation of the link at the level of "harm — legal responsibility" is also accompanied by certain features: "harm — compensation for harm", "harm — environmental insurance", "harm — environmental prevention".
ASPEK DIPLOMASI, STRATEGI PERTAHANAN SEMESTA, DAN IRREGULAR WARFARE DALAM PENANGGANAN GERAKAN DISINTEGRASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Abdi Rizqa Noor , Wijayanto Joni , Midhio I Wayan
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The aspects of diplomacy, total defense strategy, and irregular warfare are important aspects which, if combined correctly, will be effective in the strategy of winning the war, including fighting quelling uprisings that threaten the disintegration of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia/NKRI). This paper presents a comparison of the application of the above aspects in three cases of rebellion in Indonesia, namely Darul Islam/ Tentara Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) in West Java, the Fretilin group in East Timor, and the Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka/GAM) in Aceh. Descriptive comparisons refer to the use of library materials to describe the common thread of differences and similarities of the three movements. As a result, exposure to differences and similarities from the application of aspects of diplomacy, total defense strategy, and irregular warfare in the three cases above. Even though the time constraints and understanding of descriptive analysis may have been a limitation in this paper, the comparative presentation presented can be subject to further study, especially regarding the case of war to quell the rebellion in Indonesia. Abstrak. Aspek diplomasi, strategi pertahanan semesta, dan irregular warfare adalah aspek penting jika dikombinasikan secara tepat akan efektif dalam strategi memenangkan peperangan, termasuk perang meredam pemberontakan yang mengancam disintegrasi Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI). Makalah ini memaparkan perbandingan penerapan ketika aspek di atas dalam tiga kasus pemberontakan di Indonesia, yaitu Darul Islam/Tentra Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) di Jawa Barat, kelompok Fretelin di Timor-Timur, dan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) di Aceh. Perbandingan deskriptif mengacu kepada penggunaan bahan pustaka dilakukan untuk memaparkan benang merah perbedaan dan persamaan dari ketiganya. Hasilnya, paparan perbedaan dan persamaan dari penerapan aspek diplomasi, strategi pertahanan semesta, dan irreguler warfare dari ketiga kasus di atas. Meskipun dengan keterbatasan waktu dan pemahaman analisis deskriptif mungkin menjadi batasan dalam makalah ini, tetapi paparan perbandingan yang disampaikan dapat menjadi bahan kajian selanjutnya, khususnya menyangkut kasus perang meredam pemberontakan di Indonesia.
Anthroponimic geographical names of the Republic of Mari El of Tatar origin: toponymic zones
Authors: Khabibullina Flera Ya. , Ivanova Iraida G.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The article considers anthroponymous toponyms of Tatar origin in the Republic of Mari El in reference to the genesis and history of movement and contact of the peoples of the Middle Volga region. The purpose of the article is to study the Tatar-Mari toponymic zoning based on the otantroponym oikonyms, which go back to the Tatar language.
Materials and Methods. The analysis of toponymic material is associated with the use of various approaches: comparative-historical, comparative, as well as such research methods: the method of component analysis of toponymic units; areal, descriptive, structural, etymological, statistical, cartographic. The body of the research is represented by otanthroponymic oikonyms, selected from cartographic and lexicographic sources created in the Russian, Mari and Tatar languages, in the number of 129 units.
Results and Discussion. The Tatar-Mari interactions on the territory of the Republic of Mari-El are concentrated in two main zones: the Tatar-mountain-Mari toponymic zone and the Tatar-meadow-Mari zone. The article defines the basic principles of the nomination of anthroponymous toponyms, provides a classification of toponyms by objects of the toponymic nomination in each of the topozones, and also highlights parallel names. The analysis also makes it possible to trace the patterns of placement of toponymic objects on the territory of the the Republic of Mari-El. Analysis of the identified borrowings from the Tatar language makes it possible to clarify their territorial localization in the territory of Mari El. Oikonyms formed on the basis of Tatar personal names are most common in areas of compact residence of Tatars, as well as in border areas with the Republic of Tatarstan, due to trade and economic, historical and political, administrative, territorial, and geographical factors. The main principle underlying the Mari otantroponym oikonyms was their nomination based on the relationship with a person: their social status; class affiliation; profession; social interactions; place and role in the family hierarchy; human character; appearance; clothing; qualities of a person; their financial status; etc.
Conclusion. The names of Mari anthroponymous topoobjects of Tatar origin were implemented in importing Tatar values that are significant for the Mari ethnic group and go back to Tatar names: material wealth, high social status, respect for parents and elders, health and strength of body, friendship, kindness, firmness and strength of character, cleanliness and neatness in clothing.
Actualization of traditional art practices in contemporary art of Mordovia (in the context of creating choreographic suites)
Authors: Kondratenko Yurii A. , Antipkina Elena N.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Among the processes that are clearly traced in the modern artistic practices of Mordovia, there is one that draws particular attention – the desire to comprehend folk art in a new way, to actualize the traditional layers of culture within the framework of neo-traditional forms of contemporary art. A folk dance is an example of one of the directions of modern choreography. The purpose of the article is to review the experience of creating choreographic suites in modern dance in Mordovia, based on traditional folklore. This allows studying the techniques of citing traditional forms of folk art in contemporary art and the ways of their actualization.
Materials and Methods. As the main material for studying, this study analyzed the performances of choreographers of Mordovia, working with such modern dance as choreographic suites «Girl-birch» and «Eight Mordovian songs». It was possible to formulate answers to the research tasks as a result of the application of a systematic analysis of sources on this topic, as well as carrying out a comparative analysis of the compositional structures of these choreographic suites, the specific features of the construction of their choreographic texts and work with musical material.
Results and Discussion. The actualization of traditional artistic practices in contemporary art is an experiment and constant search for new ways of expression. Within the framework of one of the neo-traditionalist trends in contemporary art, folk dance, one can observe the way how traditional values are rethought and considered as relevant now, thereby the past becomes part of the modern way of life. In this context, the analysis of the search for a new way of expression within the framework of the suite form is of particular interest. As a result of the analysis of the compositional forms of modern choreographic performances in Mordovia, it revealed two trends in the development of the form of a choreographic suite: a movement along the path of creating a production with non-classical content on the basis of the classical suite structure and an appeal to traditional compositional forms of folk art and filling them with relevant content.
Conclusion. The neo-traditional trend in art is based on the idea that tradition is not only the past of the people, it also exists here and now, our actual present. With the advent of the folk direction in modern choreography, the search for such an actual true tradition has become a unique feature of modern dance in Mordovia. Within the framework of this article, some ways of the development of folk direction were noted, associated with experiments in relation to the form of a choreographic suite and the main trends in the search for the development of the dance form were outlined.
Prehistory and prerequisites of the creation of the Mari national theatre (1907–1919)
Authors: Yuzykayn Erik A.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Alongside with other cultural initiatives, the development of the theatre movement as a forerunner of the creation of the Mari national theatre was the result of the development of Mari cultural nationalism in the early twentieth century. The purpose of this article is to consider the facts of the prehistory of the creation of the Mari national theatre, which was set up in November 1919, and the factors that influenced the development of the theatre movement among Mari people. Materials and Methods. To achieve the goals, the author reviewed the first Mari periodicals, research and publications on the history of the Mari theatre and the development of the national movement, and the protocols of the Mari congresses. The systematic analysis of sources for the reviewed period, an attempt to restore events in chronological order allows us to formulate the most objective answers to the research problems. Results and Discussions. One of the key factors that influenced the development of the Mari theatre movement and interest to the theatre was the movement for the national and cultural education and development of the Mari people, initiated by Mari cultural nationalists that gradually developed since the beginning of the twentieth century. Prehistory of the creation of the Mari national theatre in November 1919 goes back about ten years and it is linked with the publication of the first periodical in the Mari language “Marla calendar”, development of literary creativity in the Mari language, and the first amateur initiatives to stage performances. The climax of this prehistory was the decisions made by the first Mari forums on theatre issues, and the rapid development of interest to the theatre among the people in 1917–1919. Along with this factor, the cultural and social specific features of Mari played an important role: a theatrical tradition in the festive and ritual spheres and the low level of literacy of the people in this period. Conclusion. The processes of development of modern Mari national culture, began with the publication of “Marla calendars”, were crucial for the entire Mari people. The ideological contradictions that appeared with the development of Soviet power among the Mari intelligentsia did not immediately begin to influence the work of the first Mari playwrights. The supporters of different ideological movements were the colleagues for many years. Although they had disagreements, they acted in a single direction in the development of their native people, in particular in support of the theatre movement. Newspaper publications and increased dramatic creativity clearly indicate that the Mari activists intuitively, and sometimes purposefully, fuelled interest in theatrical creativity, promoted and, thus, preceded the appearance of their own national professional theatre.
First report of the Broad-toothed Tailless Bat, Anoura latidens Handley, 1984 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae), in Bolivia
Authors: Calderón-Acevedo Camilo A. , Muchhala Nathan
Published: November 2020

Anoura latidens Handley, 1984 is a nectarivorous bat with a wide elevational and latitudinal distribution, from Venezuela and Guyana to southeastern Peru. We reviewed mammal collections of the genus Anoura Gray, 1838 and identified two individuals previously attributed to A. caudifer (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1818) as A. latidens based on their premolar morphology and morphological measurements. In this note we report the first record of A. latidens in the Yungas forests of Bolivia, which extends its geographic range by 1,006 km southeast of its previous southernmost record in Peru.
CHONG, Terence (ed.). Pentecostal Megachurches in Southeast Asia: Negotiating Class, Consumption and the Nation
Authors: Faimau Gabriel
Published: November 2020

CHONG, Terence (ed.). Pentecostal Megachurches in Southeast Asia: Negotiating Class, Consumption and the Nation. Singapore: ISES Publishing, 2018. 255pp. Pbk. ISBN: 9789814786881. US$29.90.
BOWLER, Kate. The Preacher’s Wife: The Precarious Power of Evangelical Women Celebrities
Authors: Schrijvers Lieke L.
Published: November 2020

BOWLER, Kate. The Preacher’s Wife: The Precarious Power of Evangelical

Women Celebrities. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019. 368pp. Hbk.

ISBN 9780691179612. £25.
The House as an Object of Naming in the Turkish Urban Onomasticon: Structural and Semantic Analysis
Authors:   Istanbul University, Klimkina Оlga I.
Published: November 2020

The article explores structural and semantic features of names of houses (oikodomonyms) in the Turkish language. The author proceeds from studying individual names’ motivations, contexts of their usage, and functional meaning (compared to the corresponding Russian designations) to the description of the general urbanonymic formula of Turkish house names. Typically, the name’s affiliation to this class is indicated by the element apartment (borrowed from French) which is used in modern Turkish to refer to the buildings intended for rental housing. In Turkish grammar, appellative nouns occur in postposition and agree with the complemented onym that specifies the nominated object. With names of houses, when these derive from other titles — a personal name or a sea name, the onymic component is formed through appellative onymization or transonomization and can consist of one or several elements with a variable degree of complexity. The study identifies typical patterns of house naming: “possessive” names, names verbalizing the concept of ‘home,’ reference names formed by metonymic transfer, “panegyric” names with double nomenclature element, communicative “greeting” names. The cultural and historical context of Turkish oikodomonymy reveals itself in less common yet present “memorial” names commemorating remarkable events. Another peculiar group is “associative” house names conditioned by the appearance of the building. There is a strong influence of extralinguistic factors in the urban onomasticon of Instanbul: the names of houses reflect cultural and historical traditions of the people, features of the city’s natural landscape, the multi-ethnic composition of the population of the metropolis. The large scope of this category of onyms, the variety of semantic patterns and the functions it displays, as well as extensive, continuously replenished vocabulary, brings Turkish house names into a separate and well-established microsystem within the Turkish urban toponymicon.
The Origin of the Folklore Hydronym Apolevta
Authors:   V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the RAS, Alekseeva Alina S. ,   Institute of Slavic Studies of the RAS
Published: November 2020

In their article devoted to hydronyms in the oral and handwritten charms of the North Russian, T. A. Agapkina, E. L. Berezovich, and O. D. Surikova comment on the name of a fiery river Apolevta assuming that there may exist two copies of the text. The authors suggest that this river name might either originate from an unestablished Greek word or else, is a case of erroneous usage. The author of the present work argues the existence of one single copy of the text that was published by N. N. Vinogradov in 1910. As regards the hydronym Apolevta, the structure of the original text (particularly, the space organization) testifies to an incorrect interpretation by the scribe: in fact, the text uses a short form of the adjective with a postpositive particle -to which frequently occurs in North Russian dialects. Thus, the hydronym Apolevta is a result of an incorrect reading of the source by V. A. Ivanovsky.
Lugar sagrado: espaço de construção de territorialidades
Authors: Silva José Roberto Limas da
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo tem o propósito de demonstrar que a ideia de territorialidade nasce no lugar sagrado. Não se tem conhecimento de uma territorialidade que não seja construída a partir de um discurso simbólico, e este discurso, geralmente é produzido na categoria geográfica chamada lugar. Nesse sentido, não é o território que produz territorialidade, ele é fruto dela. É importante destacar também que o lugar sagrado estuda a leitura do espaço a partir de uma narrativa mítica / simbólica / religiosa e não de um discurso materialista e objetivista. Tal situação recomenda que uma geografia contemporânea não se esquive de sua atualização mítica. Esse texto elenca autores e pesquisadores que atuam em geografia cultural, nas ciências da religião e na teologia que, mormente, enxergam a relação espaço e religião como hermenêutica necessária e não somente admitida. Em algum momento, o artigo propõe a categoria lugar como categoria geográfica a priori, ou seja, a partir de onde como categorias território, paisagem e região são pensadas e configuradas, bem como, defende a ideia de que é no lugar onde as relações sociais são pensadas e sentidas. O texto acena, por fim, com a possibilidade de uma permanência dessa compreensão mítica de espaço em nossa contemporaneidade.
Efficacy of drip irrigation in controlling heavy-metal accumulation in soil and crop
Authors: Singh Deepak , Patel Neelam , Patra Sridhar , Singh Nisha , Roy Trisha , Caucci Serena , Hettiarachchi Hiroshan
Published: November 2020

This study was aimed at identifying how drip irrigation could be useful in controlling heavy-metal issues, practically and affordably. A vegetable crop (i.e. cauliflower) was the subject of the test. Heavy-metal accumulation in soils and uptake by cauliflower curds were observed for two consecutive years. Municipal wastewater and groundwater were used for irrigation, to make it a comparative study. There were eight treatments: drip irrigation with groundwater through inline (non-pressure-compensating) surface drip (T1), inline subsurface drip (T2), bioline (pressure-compensating) subsurface drip (T3), bioline surface drip (T4) and the same drip systems using primarily treated municipal wastewater (T5to T8). The results showed that significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals – namely, copper, iron, manganese and zinc – were recorded in cauliflower curds irrigated with wastewater compared with those irrigated with groundwater. Subsurface placement of pressure-compensating drip laterals was found more effective in reducing the heavy-metal concentrations in both cauliflower and soil profile compared with surface-placed non-pressure-compensating drip laterals. This study suggests that drip irrigation systems could be an effective method to reduce heavy-metal concentration in vegetable crops and soils irrigated with treated municipal wastewater.
La organización campesina frente a la violencia y la cosificación capitalista
Authors: Fini Daniele
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: el artículo presenta un estudio sobre las condiciones de trabajo en una experiencia de economía social en un contexto de violencia que aglutina a campesinos del estado de Guerrero, México.

Metodología: las informaciones proceden de una investigación de tipo cualitativo realizada con integrantes de la organización. Se adopta un enfoque teórico inspirado en teorizaciones del marxismo y del posestructuralismo que, por un lado, comprende el trabajo campesino a partir de su relación con los procesos capitalistas dominantes en los cuales está insertado y, por otro lado, asume la recíproca tensión entre los condicionamientos de las estructuras de poder sobre los sujetos subordinados y la capacidad de estos últimos de adaptarse en y modificar tales estructuras.

Resultados: los resultados de la investigación muestran los avances y los límites de la experiencia asociativa de Sanzekan Tinemi con respecto a ofrecer condiciones de trabajo y de vida dignas a sus integrantes en lo específico, y dan cuenta del carácter de pluriactividad que tal trabajo adquiere, así como de su relación con el entorno legal y normativo en el cual opera.

Conclusiones: finalmente, se presentan unas intuiciones con carácter heurístico que, a través de la posición marxista de cosificación, buscan plantear teóricamente la posibilidad de captar las relaciones de dominación y de apropiación desigual a las cuales el trabajo campesino está subordinado.
Un breve acercamiento a la creación de valor compartido desde la universidad
Authors: Monroy-Flores Verel Elvira , Pérez Muñoz Colombia
Published: November 2020

Propósito: a modo de reflexión, se pretende hacer un acercamiento a la manera de crear valor compartido desde el Instituto de Economía Social y Cooperativismo (Indesco), lo cual se traduce en acciones concretas desarrolladas en varias de las dieciocho sedes que hacen parte de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia.

Descripción: en estas breves líneas, se hace un ejercicio de extrapolación del trabajo de Indesco con base en la propuesta teórica sobre el valor compartido de los académicos Michael E. Porter y Mark R. Kramer.

Metodología: la metodología empleada es la investigación documental; se llevó a cabo un ejercicio de revisión de grabaciones videográficas, boletines informativos, actas y decretos, entre otras fuentes.

Punto de vista: dada su trayectoria, el Instituto de Economía Social y Cooperativismo (Indesco), para complementar su labor de innovar socialmente, debe avocarse a construir territorios solidarios que apalanquen el desarrollo económico, social y humano de las regiones colombianas; este es un modo particular de crear valor compartido.

Conclusiones: se espera que este ejercicio de reflexión sirva como provocación a las instituciones del sector cooperativo y solidario para evaluar y visibilizar, a su manera, la forma en que crean valor compartido. Las instituciones de educación superior deberían extrapolar sus experiencias para hacer una construcción colectiva de lo que significa crear valor compartido con mirada universitaria.
Gestación por sustitución: libertad y autonomía de la mujer para decidir sobre su propio cuerpo
Authors: Mota-Rodríguez Alicia , Ruíz-Canizales Raúl
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: el presente artículo es una aproximación a los problemas éticos y jurídicos implicados en la gestación por sustitución. En él se analiza brevemente el argumento que tiene por base la libertad y la autonomía que todo sujeto de derecho posee sobre su propio cuerpo en Estados con un sistema político neoliberal.

Metodología: asimismo, mediante un análisis, se abordará el papel que juegan tanto la libertad como la autonomía para validar la toma de decisiones por parte de los sujetos en cuestión, especialmente el concerniente a la mujer sustituta.

Hallazgos: los hallazgos informan que se suele asumir que esta práctica de reproducción asistida representa, en la mayoría de los casos, una mercantilización del cuerpo humano.

Conclusión: los hallazgos ponen en cuestión los derechos, las libertades e incluso la dignidad de las mujeres gestantes que participan en este novedoso método de reproducción.
Invisibilité et invisibilisation
Authors: Truchon Karoline
Published: November 2020

L’invisibilisation est le phénomène qui rend, à l’aide de différentes actions, des personnes non perceptibles dans une société car jugées indignes d’être inclues dans un cadre perceptif. Cela entraine inévitablement l’isolement de ces personnes car elles ne peuvent (et sont empêchées) de s’intégrer socialement.
Globalisation communicationnelle
Authors: Levy Joseph
Published: November 2020

Avec le développement du cyberespace et des technologies de communication, les enjeux en sciences sociales se voient renouvelés. Cette globalisation communicationnelle est de plus en plus prise en considération dans le champ anthropologique au plan théorique, empirique et dans l’accès à des ressources pédagogiques ouvertes sur les anthropologies non occidentalocentrées.
Conversion
Authors: Laugrand Frédéric
Published: November 2020

Pour l’anthropologie, la conversion est une notion embarrassante et classique à la fois. Depuis les années 1970, de nombreuses études s’y sont intéressées, d’abord dans une perspective marxiste puis structuralo-fonctionnaliste. La conversion combine simultanément de la transformation et de la transition, donc des changements (l’abandon de pratiques, le développement de nouveaux imaginaires) et des continuités perceptibles à différents niveaux.
Tradition et modernité
Authors: Vibert Stéphane
Published: November 2020

À la croisée de deux termes semblant opposés, nous retrouvons pourtant deux disciplines très liées : la sociologie et l’anthropologie. La tradition, décrite comme une pratique passée persistant dans le présent est en majeure partie étudiée par l’anthropologie. La modernité, créatrice de traditions, est quant à elle l’élément central de la sociologie. Nous pouvons alors constater une complémentarité de ces termes.
Individualisme
Authors: Vibert Stéphane
Published: November 2020

L’individualisme est indissociable de la modernité où l’individu occupe une place centrale. Sans s’opposer au principe d’holisme (car l’individu ne peut s’incarner sans société), l’individualisme est surtout caractéristique des sociétés occidentales. Avec la mondialisation, elle a toutefois tendance à s’imposer de plus en plus dans d’autres civilisations. Elle s’oppose ainsi à la diversité culturelle tout en prônant, paradoxalement, une volonté d’émancipation.
Altricialité
Authors: Candau Joel
Published: November 2020

Le développement prolongé du cerveau humain – dénommé altricialité secondaire - est au fondement (i) de l’aptitude naturelle de notre cerveau à devenir une représentation du monde et (ii) d’une focalisation culturelle de cette représentation sous l’influence de la diversité des matrices culturelles, cela pour le meilleur comme pour le pire.
Correction to: Trends in youth e-cigarette and cigarette use between 2013 and 2019: insights from repeat cross-sectional data from the COMPASS study
Authors: Cole Adam G. , Aleyan Sarah , Battista Kate , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: November 2020

This article was updated to include additional funding information in the Acknowledgements.
Top-down proteomics data acquisition v1
Authors: Camarillo Jeannie , Drown Bryon , Melani Rafael , Kelleher Neil
Published: November 2020

Describes the LC-MS/MS data acquisition procedure for top-down proteomics samples.
COVID-19 ARTIC v3 Illumina library construction and sequencing protocol - high throughput 384 format v2
Authors: Pipelines R&D DNA , Farr Benjamin , Rajan Diana , Dawson Emma , Shirley Lesley , Quail Michael , Park Naomi , F Bronner Iraad , Thurston Scott
Published: November 2020

This SOP describes the procedure for generating cDNA from SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid extracts and subsequently producing 400nt amplicons tiling the viral genome using V3 nCov-2019 primers (ARTIC). This is followed by library construction, equivolume pooling of samples and quantitation, prior to sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq. It offers the benefit of higher density sample processing in 384 format, whilst matching the data quality achieved in 96 format described in the original protocol: https://www.protocols.io/view/covid-19-artic-v3-illumina-library-construction-an-bgxjjxkn Both the above protocols were adapted from the nCov-2019 sequencing protocol: https://www.protocols.io/view/ncov-2019-sequencing-protocol-bbmuik6w
CUT&Tag with Drosophila tissues v1
Authors: Ahmad Kami , Henikoff Steven
Published: November 2020

This is a modification of the Benchtop CUT&Tag method (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bcuhiwt6) for epigenomic profiling of histone modifications and chromatin proteins in dissected Drosophila tissues. Intact unfixed tissues are permeabilized and incubated under conditions where a factor-specific antibody can infiltrate and bind a chromatin protein in situ. This antibody is then decorated with a secondary antibody, and this is used to tether a protein AG-Tn5 fusion protein loaded with sequencing adapters. Upon transposome activation by adding Mg2+ ions, DNA is tagmented around the chromatin binding site. Here, dissected imaginal discs are coated with magnetic beads for handling, and about 5 imaginal discs provides high-quality data for histone modifications or for chromatin factor for which high-quality antibodies are available. The protocol is scaled for 8 samples. Performing CUT&Tag takes 2 days from larvae to sequencing-ready libraries.
Digital by Default: Children’s Capacity to Understand and Manage Online Data and Privacy
Authors: Stoilova Mariya , Livingstone Sonia , Nandagiri Rishita
Published: November 2020

How do children understand the privacy implications of the contemporary digital environment? This question is pressing as technologies transform children’s lives into data which is recorded, tracked, aggregated, analysed and monetized. This article takes a child-centred, qualitative approach to charting the nature and limits of children’s understanding of privacy in digital contexts. We conducted focus group interviews with 169 UK children aged 11–16 to explore their understanding of privacy in three distinct digital contexts—interpersonal, institutional and commercial. We find, first, that children primarily conceptualize privacy in relation to interpersonal contexts, conceiving of personal information as something they have agency and control over as regards deciding when and with whom to share it, even if they do not always exercise such control. This leads them to some misapprehensions about how personal data is collected, inferred and used by organizations, be these public institutions such as their schools or commercial businesses. Children’s expectation of agency in interpersonal contexts, and their tendency to trust familiar institutions such as their schools, make for a doubly problematic orientation towards data and privacy online in commercial contexts, leading to a mix of frustration, misapprehension and risk. We argue that, since the complexity of the digital environment challenges teachers’ capacity to address children’s knowledge gaps, businesses, educators, parents and the state must exercise a shared responsibility to create a legible, transparent and privacy-respecting digital environment in which children can exercise genuine choice and agency.
Development of financial and legal principles in the conditions of digital economy
Authors: Belikov E. G.
Published: November 2020

This article is devoted to the study of the development of financial and legal principles in the context of the digitalization of the economy. In the work, the author analyzes the system of financial and legal principles, compares such categories as “principles of financial law” and “financial and legal principles, identifies new financial and legal principles, such as the principle of automation, the principle of informatization, the principle of information openness.
Trends in the implementation of norms and principles of russian financial law in the current world order
Authors: Alimbekova A. S.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with topical issues of implementing the norms and principles of Russian financial law in the current world order. The author proposes a hierarchical division of norms-principles of financial law depending on the level of consolidation of norms. The author argues for the need for the state to comply with General legal and special principles in modern conditions of changing legal reality. In this paper, the author examines the need to implement norms and principles in the legislation of financial law in its formation and implementation. The author emphasizes the importance of this process, as it will create positive trends in the implementation of the norms and principles of financial law in the current world order, which will strengthen the basis for the observance of public and private interests in financial relations, will serve to ensure economic security and financial harmonization of the Russian state.
Legal regulation of obtaining audit evidence in the system of international audit standards in force in the Russian Federation
Authors: Sobol O. S.
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the procedure for obtaining audit evidence, the regulation of which is contained in international auditing standards. The key role in the system of international standards governing the receipt of audit evidence is played by ISA 200, ISA 500, recognized and operating in the current period in the Russian Federation. Taking into account the analysis of these ISAs and the directly related international audit standards, the concept and types of audit evidence are determined, their essential characteristics, audit procedures aimed at obtaining audit evidence, disclose methods for selecting test items in order to obtain audit evidence, including the audit sampling method, which allows for a conclusion on the entire set of elements to be drawn. In addition, the procedure for obtaining audit evidence in relation to certain items of the financial statements is determined.
Tasks of the saratov scientific school of financial law named after Nina Ivanovna Khimicheva in the light of current trends in socio-economic development
Authors: Pokachalova E. V. , Razgildieva M. B.
Published: November 2020

An appeal to the question of the tasks of a scientific school is determined by the importance of this aspect for its development, and, therefore, for its contribution to the ability of financial and legal science to offer answers to pressing questions of modern socio-economic practice. Their new atypicality and format determine the inadequacy of the traditional approach to research activity as an author’s project of narrow specialization and require new organizational approaches. The article substantiates the need to ensure the systemic nature of research activities in the field of financial and legal regulation; changes in approaches to the methodology of such studies and the format of their conduct. The importance of doctrinal developments is emphasized as a necessary basis for sound proposals for solving modern socio-economic problems.
Features of legal regulation of the state debt of the Russian Federation subject in the context of changes in budget legislation
Authors: Tsaregradskaya Iu. K.
Published: November 2020

The main changes in the budget legislation related to digitalization and public debt managementof the Russian Federation, that are manifested in the functioning of the electronic budget of the state and the consolidation of the legal definition of "public debt management", are considered. The author concludes that currently the legislator pays special attention to the issues of setting the upper limit of public debt, the maximum amount of borrowing by the subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as determining the debt sustainability of regions. Foreign experience of regulating such issues is analyzed on the example of a number of countries-Germany, Spain and Italy. Subjects of the Russian Federation with different debt loads are considered, as well as trends related to its increase or change. Also the possibilities of assigning the region to one of the groups with a certain level of debt stability of the subject are analyzed.
Legal models for the implementation of megascience research projects using public-private partnership mechanisms
Authors: Moshkova D. M. , Lozovskij D. L.
Published: November 2020

The creation of scientific facilities of the “megascience” class is a complex and lengthy process, for the implementation of which the resources of several states are usually attracted.

At the same time, there are a number of organizational and legal models that make it possible to use not only the resources of the state, but also attract private investors for the implementation of megascience research projects. In this regard, the article reveals the features of applying the mechanism of public-private partnership in the scientific field, and also offers an analysis of the organizational and legal models for creating scientific projects of the "mega-science" class using public-private partnership, possible taking into account the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
The history of legal regulation of metallic monetary systems in Russia
Authors: Arzumanova L. L. , Logvencheva A. O.
Published: November 2020

The article presents a study of the history of the use of precious metals as the basis of metal monetary systems in Russia.

The formation of metal monetary systems in Russia is associated with the need to ensure the release of paper money — notes. In the first part of the article, the use of precious metals for minting coins from the Х century is investigated. before the introduction of bank notes in 1768.

Further, after analyzing the primary measures for providing bank notes with precious metals, it is substantiated that in the Russian Empire the regulatory consolidation of the transition to metal monetary systems occurred only in the ХIХ century. According to the results of the reforms: E. F. Kankrin, during which silver monometallism was established, then — S. Yu. Witte, in the framework of which the transition to the gold standard, which existed before the First World War in 1914, was carried out.
Una Introducción a las Investigaciones Empíricas en Derecho: Estudio de Caso
Authors: Díaz Vázquez Rafael Francisco , Valencia Jiménez Walter Gerardo
Published: November 2020

El artículo que se publica, presenta los resultados de la investigación realizada en dos universidades con acreditación institucional multicampus de alta calidad en Colombia, el objetivo fue identificar la relación existente entre los métodos de investigación social y los métodos de investigación jurídica para la realización de trabajos de grado en derecho.

Fue utilizado como método el estudio de caso, donde el mismo lo constituyen dos instituciones de educación superior colombianas, las técnicas empleadas fueron la entrevista cualitativa con pregunta semiestructurada, realizadas con ocho profesores que poseen formación magister y doctorado con experiencia en proyectos de investigación y tutorías de trabajo de grado, por otro lado, el análisis documental y el fichaje bibliográfico.

Los resultados encontrados demuestran la percepción general de la necesidad de emplear, cada vez más, métodos, metodologías y técnicas empíricas en los trabajos de grado de los futuros profesionales del derecho en Colombia. Se concluye que en Colombia aunque existe una buena tendencia a la realización de trabajos de grado de corte empírico a nivel doctoral aún es tímido el empleo de dichos métodos en el pregrado.