bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Μελέτη της αλκαλικής φωσφατάσης λευκοκυττάρων (LAP) ως δείκτου για το καρκίνο του παχέος εντέρου
Authors: Μανωλακάκη Δήμητρα
Published: August 2021

Η μελέτη αυτή έχει σα σκοπό να διερευνήσει αν υπάρχει σχέση μεταξύ της δράσης της Αλκαλικής Φωσφατάσης των Λευκοκυττάρων (LAP score) και της βιολογικής συμπεριφοράς του αδενοκαρκινώματος του παχέος εντέρου. Ο προσδιορισμός της δράσης της LAP έγινε σε 70 ασθενείς, οι οποίοι έπασχαν από αδενοκαρκίνωμα παχέος εντέρου και υπεβλήθησαν σε χειρουργική επέμβαση κατά τα έτη 1995-1997 στην Α' Προπαιδευτική Χειρουργική Κλινική του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, και σε 40 υγιείς μάρτυρες. Οι μετρήσεις πραγματοποιήθηκαν προεγχειρητικά όσο και σε τακτά χρονικά διαστήματα (κάθε 3 μήνες) μέχρι την ολοκλήρωση 1 έτους μετεγχειρητικά. Για το προσδιορισμό της δράσης του ενζύμου χρησιμοποιήσαμε μια κυτταροχυμική μέθοδο και το Kaplow score. Συγκρίναμε την ευαισθησία του LAP score με αυτή των νεοπλασματικών δεικτών CEA και CAI9-9 Τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσης μελέτης αποδεικνύουν ότι:❖ Προεγχειρητικά το LAP score των ασθενών έχει σε υψηλό ποσοστό παθολογικές τιμές σε σχέση με αυτές των μαρτύρων.❖ Οι διακυμάνσεις των τιμών του LAP score συμβαδίζουν με τα στάδια της νόσου. Οσο πιο προχωρημένο είναι το στάδιο της νόσου τόσο πιο υψηλές είναι οι τιμές του score.❖ Οι τιμές του LAP score δεν επηρεάζονται από το φύλο και την ηλικία των ασθενών.❖ Στους πρώτους μετεγχειρητικούς μήνες έχουμε μείωση των τιμών του LAP score. Οι διακυμάνσεις του στους επόμενους μετεγχειρητικούς μήνες εξαρτώνται από την ύπαρξη μεταστάσεων ή την υποτροπή της νόσου.❖ Το CAI9-9 έχει πολύ μικρή ευαισθησία για το καρκίνο του παχέος εντέρου.❖ To LAP score έχει την ίδια αξιοπιστία με το CEA.Συμπερασματικά μπορούμε να πούμε ότι η μέτρηση της δράσης της Αλκαλικής Φωσφατάσης των Λευκοκυττάρων στους ασθενείς με αδενοκαρκίνωμα του παχέος εντέρου μπορεί να προστεθεί με αξιοπιστία στο σύγχρονο φάσμα των καρκινικών δεικτών.
Ιστολογική και ανοσοϊστοχημική μελέτη της ιστογένεσης των πορογενών καρκινωμάτων του προστάτη
Authors: Μουρούτη-Γεωργούλη Γεωργία
Published: August 2021

Η ιστολογιχή διάγνωση του πορογενούς καρκίνου του προστάτη έχει μεγάλη σημασία γιά την πρόγνωση και τη θεραπευτική αντιμετώπιση του ασθενούς. Σκοπός της εργασίας μας αυτής είναι η συμβολή στη διάγνωση και η διευκρίνιση της ιστογένεσης των πορογενών καρκινωμάτων του προστάτη. Γιά το σκοπό αυτό χρησιμοποιήσαμε μαζί με ιστολογιχά κριτήρια, την ανοσοϊστοχημική μέθοδο του ανόσου συμπλέγματος υπεροζειδάσης - αντιυπεροζειδάσης (ΡΑΡ) γιά την ανίχνευση του ειδικού προστατικού αντιγόνου (PSA). Το υλικό μας αποτέλεσαν έζι πορογενή καρκινώματα, πέντε μικτά πορογενή, έζι αδενοκαρκινώματα διαφόρου βαθμού διαφοροποίησης και τέσσερις περιπτώσεις υπερπλασίας του αδένα σε συνδυασμό με υπερπλασία του μεταβατικού επιθηλίου των προστατικών πόρων ή παραγωγική ουρηθρίτιδα. Επίσης χρησιμοποιήσαμε σαν αρνητικούς μάρτυρες της μεθόδου έναν ενδοτραχηλικό πολύποδα και ένα μελαγχρωματικό σπίλο. Τα ευρήματά μας από την ανοσοϊστοχημική μελέτη ήταν τα εξής: Το φυσιολογικό και υπερπλαστικό επιθήλιο των αδενίων καθώς και τα αδενοκαρκινώματα, ανεξάρτητα διαφοροποίησης, ήταν θετικά. Τα αμιγή πορογενή καρκινώματα, η υπερπλασία του μεταβατικού επιθηλίου των πόρων και η παραγωγική ουρηθρίτιδα ήταν αρνητικά. Τα μικτά πορογενή ήταν κατά θέσεις θετικά και κατά θέσεις αρνητικά. Καταλήζαμε λοιπόν στο συμπέρασμα ότι χρησιμοποιώντας την αντιγονική συμπεριφορά των καρκινωμάτων του προστάτη μπορούμε να δώσουμε λύση σε διαφοροδιαγνωστικά προβλήματα και αναφορικά με την ιστογένεση των πορογενών καρκινωμάτων ότι: τα αμιγή πορογενή προέρχονται από το μεταβατικό επιθήλιο των περιουρηθρικών πόρων ενώ τα μικτά από το σημείο εκείνο των πόρων όπου παρατηρείται μετάπτωση του μεταβατικού τύπου επιθηλίου στο υψηλό κυλινδρικό.
Η ενημερότητα ασφαλείας στα πλαίσια της διοίκησης ασφαλείας πληροφοριακών συστημάτων
Authors: Τσώχου Αγγελική
Published: August 2021

Το αντικείμενο της έρευνας που παρουσιάζει η διατριβή, είναι η διαδικασία διαμόρφωσης και ενσωμάτωσης στρατηγικών ενημερότητας ασφάλειας σε μια οργάνωση. Στόχος της διατριβής είναι η δημιουργία εννοιολογικού και μεθοδολογικού πλαισίου για την ανάλυση και κατανόηση των ενεργειών που λαμβάνουν χωρά κατά τη διαμόρφωση και υλοποίηση δραστηριοτήτων ενημερότητας ασφάλειας Π.Σ. και την εν συνέχεια ενσωμάτωση τους στις λοιπές δραστηριότητες της διοίκησης ασφάλειας Π.Σ. Η διατριβή περιλαμβάνει τη κριτική ανάλυση της δημοσιευμένης έρευνας και πρακτικής σχετικά με: α) τα ανοικτά ζητήματα στο χώρο της ενημερότητας ασφάλειας, και β) τις προσεγγίσεις αναφορικά με τα μοντέλα έρευνας που εφαρμόζονται (θεωρίες μεταβλητότητας θεωρίες διεργασιών υβριδικά μοντέλα). Η εμπειρική έρευνα της διατριβής στηρίζεται σε μια σε βάθος μελέτη περίπτωσης όπου διαμορφώνεται και υλοποιείται μια πρωτοβουλία ενημερότητας ασφάλειας σε πραγματικό οργανωσιακό περιβάλλον. Το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο για την ανάλυση και ερμηνεία των δεδομένων της έρευνας περιλαμβάνει τη θεωρία δικτύων σύμπραξης (actor network theory), για την ανάλυση σε μικρό επίπεδο, τη θεωρία της δομοποίησης (structuration theory) για την ανάλυση σε μακρό επίπεδο και τη θεωρία του συγκειμενισμού (contextualism) για τη σύνδεση της ανάλυσης σε μακρό επίπεδο και μικρό επίπεδο. Στα πλαίσια της διατριβής αναπτύσσεται εννοιολογικό και μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο για την κατανόηση του τρόπου με τον οποίο διαμορφώνονται και ενσωματώνονται οι δράσεις ενημερότητας ασφάλειας Π.Σ. στις οργανώσεις. Η εφαρμογή του πλαισίου αυτού στην εμπειρική έρευνα οδήγησε σε τεκμηριωμένα συμπεράσματα που απευθύνονται τόσο στους ερευνητές όσο και ειδικούς του χώρου της ασφάλειας των Π.Σ. Η συμβολή της έρευνας έχει θεωρητική, μεθοδολογική και πρακτική διάσταση. Σε θεωρητικό επίπεδο επισημαίνεται η καταλληλότητα της θεωρίας δικτύων σύμπραξης για τη δυναμική παρακολούθηση της διαμόρφωσης της ενημερότητας ασφάλειας Π.Σ. και αναδεικνύονται τα οφέλη του συνδυασμού της θεωρίας δικτύων σύμπραξης με τη θεωρία δομοποίησης και τη θεωρία του συγκειμενισμού. Σε πρακτικό επίπεδο το εννοιολογικό και μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο μπορεί να αξιοποιηθεί από ειδικούς ασφάλειας Π.Σ. που σχεδιάζουν να αναπτύξουν πρωτοβουλίες ενημερότητας. Ακόμη, επισημαίνεται η μη ουδετερότητα των τεχνουργημάτων αναφορικά με την επιρροή τους σε τέτοιες πρωτοβουλίες. Σε μεθοδολογικό επίπεδο οι ερευνητές του χώρου της ασφάλειας και των Π.Σ. μπορούν να επωφεληθούν από την εφαρμογή της τυπολογίας μοντέλων έρευνας.
Τα ακατάσχετα κατά τον ΚΠΟΛΔ
Authors: Νέγρης Χρήστος
Published: August 2021

Η διδακτορική διατριβή, με θέμα «Τα ακατάσχετα κατά τον ΚΠολΔ», πραγματεύεται το θεσμό των ακατάσχετων κατά την αναγκαστική εκτέλεση. Στόχος της εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση και ανάλυση του θεσμού των ακατάσχετων, η ανάπτυξη γενικών άρχων, η πρόταση κανόνων και εξαιρέσεων και η εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων ως προς την αναγκαιότητα διεύρυνσης ή περιορισμού των ακατάσχετων στη σημερινή εποχή. Για την επίτευξη του ανωτέρω στόχου η πορεία της έρευνας είναι η ακόλουθη: Για την καλύτερη κατανόηση του θεσμού των ακατάσχετων και τη βαθύτερη ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση των ρυθμίσεών του, χρήσιμη αποτελεί μια σύντομη παρουσίαση αφενός της ιστορικής πορείας του θεσμού και αφετέρου της συγκριτικής του επισκόπησης. Ακολούθως, παρουσιάζεται ο θεσμός των ακατάσχετων μέσα στο γενικότερο πλαίσιο που λειτουργούν οι ρυθμίσεις του, με την ορθή καταγραφή της δογματικής του θεμελίωσης καθώς και με την ανάλυση της σχέσης του με τις γενικές αρχές της αναγκαστικής εκτέλεσης και κυρίως με την αρχή της αναλογικότητας. Απαραίτητη δε εμφανίζεται και η προσπάθεια της ερμηνείας των ρυθμίσεων περί ακατάσχετων μέσα από το πρίσμα των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων του άνθρωπου (συνταγματικών και υπερνομοθετικών). Στη συνέχεια, για την απάντηση στο ερώτημα περί αναγκαιότητας διεύρυνσης ή περιορισμού των ακατάσχετων στη σημερινή εποχή, αναζητείται ο δικαιολογητικός λόγος του θεσμού των ακατάσχετων, με τον εντοπισμό των επιμέρους στόχων που επιδιώκονται με την εφαρμογή του (προστασία οφειλέτη, γενικότερο συμφέρον). Ενόψει δε της σημασίας που έχει η αναγκαστική εκτέλεση στην οικονομική και συναλλακτική ζωή της κοινωνίας, ως μέθοδος έρευνας για την απάντηση στο παραπάνω ερώτημα χρησιμοποιείται η οικονομική ανάλυση του δικαίου, με την εφαρμογή ως κριτηρίων αφενός το συμφέρον των μέρων (δανειστή - οφειλέτη) και αφετέρου το συμφέρον της εθνικής οικονομίας. Τέλος, η έρευνα περιλαμβάνει μια σύγχρονη ερμηνεία των διατάξεων του ΚΠολΔ περί ακατάσχετων και μια σύντομη παρουσίαση των ακατάσχετων που εντοπίζονται σε άλλα νομοθετήματα.
Μορφές κατοίκησης στην Αθήνα κατά τα τέλη του 19ου αιώνα
Authors: Σπυροπούλου Αλίκη
Published: August 2021

Ο στόχος της διδακτορικής διατριβής που ήταν να συγκροτηθεί μια μέθοδος ανάγνωσης του αρχιτεκτονικού χώρου του 19ου αιώνα και της κατοίκησής του, μέσα από λογοτεχνικά κείμενα προσεγγίστηκε χάρις στην εφαρμογή της θεωρίας του Hamon. Η εφαρμογή της θεωρίας αυτής είχε ως αποτέλεσμα η Αθήνα του 19ου αιώνα να παρουσιαστεί μέσα από ένα σύνολο διαφορετικών ή αλληλοσυμπληρούμενων αφηγήσεων, έτσι ώστε ο αναγνώστης έχει πολλές φορές την αίσθηση ότι πρόκειται για πολλές πόλεις, καθώς η Αθήνα, μέσα από τις λογοτεχνικές αφηγήσεις παίρνει διάφορες ταυτότητες. Συνολικά, μέσα από τη διερεύνηση των μορφών κατοίκησης, λογοτεχνικά κείμενα δεν αποδίδονται όπως ακριβώς συνέβησαν αλλά ως ιδεολογικές προβολές των συγγραφέων, η διατριβή έδειξε την υποκειμενική αντίληψη του χώρου. Κυρίως, η διατριβή διερεύνησε πως οι έννοιες νεωτερικότητα-παράδοση χρησιμοποιούνται από τους Έλληνες συγγραφείς για να αποδώσουν τον αστικό χώρο.
Εξαρτήματα ένδυσης, κοσμήματα και σύνεργα καλλωπισμού από την ανασκαφή στις Λουλουδιές Πιερίας
Authors: Χειμωνοπούλου Μαρία
Published: August 2021

Η μελέτη των εξαρτημάτων ένδυσης και των κοσμημάτων της ανασκαφής των Λουλουδιών Κίτρους έχει ως στόχο να προσφέρει μία τεκμηριωμένη παρουσίαση των ανασκαφικών ευρημάτων και να διερευνήσει μέσω αυτών την ενδυμασία και γενικότερα την εμφάνιση των ανώνυμων, καθημερινών ανθρώπων συμβάλλοντας στον προσδιορισμό των ενδυματολογικών συνηθειών και των αισθητικών αντιλήψεων της εποχής, ενώ ο συστηματικός κατά είδος κατάλογος που περιλαμβάνει, προσθέτει νέα δείγματα και συμπληρώνει την εικόνα των ήδη γνωστών τύπων. Τα ευρήματα χρονολογούνται από τους γεωμετρικούς - αρχαϊκούς χρόνους έως και τη μεταβατική περίοδο του 7ου - 8ου αι. μ.Χ. Ο κύριος όγκος του υλικού προέρχεται από τον 5ο - 6ο έως και τον 8ο αιώνα μ.Χ., περίοδο που χαρακτηρίζεται από τη λειτουργία και την εποχιακή χρήση και παρακμή του επισκοπικού συγκροτήματος, και σε αυτόν προστίθενται τα ευρήματα από τον 1ο αι. π.Χ. - 1ο αι. μ.Χ. έως και τον 4ο με τη λογική ότι προσφέρουν μία ολοκληρωμένη εικόνα των εξαρτημάτων ένδυσης από το συγκεκριμένο χώρο. Το σύνολο των αντικειμένων που χρονολογείται στους προχριστιανικούς αιώνες, θεωρήθηκε χρήσιμο να συμπεριληφθεί σε παράρτημα, που έπεται της περιγραφικής παρουσίασης και του καταλόγου, προκειμένου να παρουσιασθεί το σύνολο του υλικού και να επισημανθεί η διαχρονική εξέλιξη ορισμένων τύπων. Έπειτα από ένα εισαγωγικό κεφάλαιο για τον αρχαιολογικό χώρο του επισκοπικού συγκροτήματος των Λουλουδιών Κίτρους, το ανασκαφικό υλικό οργανώνεται σε τρεις τομείς, των εξαρτημάτων ένδυσης, των κοσμημάτων και των εργαλείων καλλωπισμού, με χωριστά για κάθε κατηγορία και τύπο υποκεφάλαια. Τα ευρήματα της ανασκαφής του επισκοπικού συγκροτήματος των Λουλουδιών Κίτρους αποτελούν σε συνδυασμό με τα δεδομένα της εύρεσής τους, τα κεραμικά και τα νομισματικά συνευρήματα, πολύτιμη αρχαιολογική μαρτυρία για το χρονικό διάστημα της μεταβατικής εποχής από τα τέλη του 6ου έως τον 9ο αι., ενώ η μελέτη τους προσφέρει επίσης τη δυνατότητα σκιαγράφησης συγκεκριμένων ενδυματολογικών τύπων, όπως του ρωμαίου στρατιώτη του 1ου αι. π.Χ. - 1ου αι. μ.Χ., των ταξιδιωτών του 2ου - 3ου αι., του ανώτερου κρατικού υπαλλήλου των αρχών του 4ου αι., του μικρού παιδιού της ίδιας εποχής, των εκκλησιαστικών λειτουργών του τέλους του 5ου και του 6ου - 7ου αι., των στρατιωτών του τέλους του 5ου αι., των αγροτών, των εμπόρων και των κτηματιών της εποχής του Ιουστινιανού, των τεχνιτών και των επαγγελματιών του τέλους του 6ου - 8ου αι., των μικρών παιδιών της ίδιας εποχής, και τέλος των γυναικών των τελευταίων φάσεων του εγκαταλειμμένου πια επισκοπικού συγκροτήματος.
The Influence of Corporate Universities on the Formation of the Competitive Advantages of Higher Education in the Russian Federation
Authors: Smetanina T. , Gusarova O.
Published: August 2021

Competitive advantages predetermine the success of the implementation of the tasks assigned to higher educational institutions that have developed under the influence of the globalization of the world economic space. Using the experience of corporate universities in the work of state and non-state educational institutions of higher education will improve the quality of educational processes, as well as the integration of theory into the practice of producing socio-economic systems. This process will increase the economic security of the sovereign territory, as well as the success of higher education adaptation to new challenges that have arisen as a result of the socio-economic crisis that arose as a consequence of the pandemic. The introduction of new educational standards in the field of higher education creates new tasks for the entire system of higher education in Russia. The experience of corporate education in foreign countries is invaluable in planning an effective strategy for the development of educational processes in our territory.
Article-Reflections on the Book by Kira Belostotskaya «How Lucky I Am! My Life in the Experimental Design Bureau: People, Events» [1]
Authors: Oksinoyd Konstantin
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the multifaceted topic of attitude to labour, which remains relevant for representatives of a number of social sciences and practices due to the extraordinary complexity of the phenomenon of labour itself and the increasing rate of change in the structure of employment. Representatives of the exact sciences also do not ignore this topic. A worthy example is the fascinating book of autobiographical essays by the famous radio engineer and scientist Kira Belostotskaya, Honored Creator and Tester of space technology. In addition to the undoubted literary merits, these are undoubtedly useful for professionals carefully documented observations about labour and work, expressed in a literary, emotionally caring form. About their fullness of meanings associated with a specific job in the outstanding work collective of Experimental design bureau of MPEI, a talented social community and its outstanding persons. This is a cognitively interesting story about the value foundations of highly qualified creative engineering labour, about the choice of “work that matches your soul” and professional growth, behavior at work and effective organizational culture, leadership and personnel policy, about many other things that are important for organizing work with personnel that meet the requirements of the time. The list of problems that form the whole subject of activity of specialists in personnel management would take up too much space. However, even the listed ones allow us to recommend reading the book under discussion to representatives of this demanded profession as a rare opportunity for a broader view of the corresponding labour activity that goes beyond current affairs.
Internal HR Branding of a Company as a Personnel Management Tool
Authors: Tukashev M.
Published: August 2021

In the process of development and improvement of management, the attitude towards a person has changed. In modern society, the employee is one of the main assets of the organization. Personnel is a strategic resource that, if used correctly, can generate profits in the long term. Personnel management is an important area, and the work of the entire organization depends on the effectiveness of its implementation. A new process within the framework of building a general human resource management strategy is HR branding - building an attractive brand of an employer's organization in order to influence the external environment. Existing employees can become an effective channel for promoting an HR brand. Therefore, the internal brand of the employer is especially important, the essence of which lies in the attitude of employees to their organization, that is, in employees' satisfaction with their work, working conditions. The process of creating and developing an employer's brand allows you to improve the efficiency of the organization, increase its competitiveness and reduce a number of costs. This paper analyzes the internal HR-branding of the hotel business. During the research, both advantages and disadvantages were identified. The necessity of an integrated approach to the formation of an internal HR brand as a tool for retaining the company's human resources is proved.
With Age Comes …? An Examination of Gendered Differences in the Resource Advantages Associated with Parental Age in Norway
Authors: Sigle Wendy , Kravdal Øystein
Published: August 2021

Using high-quality register data, this paper constructs an empirical portrait of older parenthood in contemporary Norway and explores gender differences in the extent to which older parents are better-resourced parents. Like most family issues, academic and policy discussions of older parenthood have tended to focus on the experiences of women. Although motherhood at older ages was not uncommon in previous generations, rapid social and family changes in recent decades mean that today’s older mother is far more likely to be having her first child. She may have focused on obtaining a good education and then on establishing her career and finding a supportive partner. When viewed through this motherhood lens, older parents are often portrayed as being relatively well-off financially and enjoying stable family lives. Viewed through the fatherhood lens, however, the family literature suggests that age might not be as strong a marker of socio-economic advantage. Our findings show that this is the case: While older fathers are, on average, more socio-economically advantaged than younger fathers around the time their children are born, their relative advantage is narrower than what we observe when older mothers and younger mothers are compared. Gender differences in the family history profiles of older parents appear to explain some of the differentials we document. The children of older fathers are more likely to be born into blended families and less likely to born to a mother who postponed her first birth than are the children born to older mothers. The results suggest that the meaning of paternal age and maternal age differs: paternal age is not as strong a marker of socio-economic advantages and resources for children as maternal age is.
The Maximum k-Colorable Subgraph Problem and Related Problems
Authors: Kuryatnikova Olga , Sotirov Renata , Vera Juan C.
Published: August 2021

The maximum k-colorable subgraph (MkCS) problem is to find an induced k-colorable subgraph with maximum cardinality in a given graph. This paper is an in-depth analysis of the MkCS problem that considers various semidefinite programming relaxations, including their theoretical and numerical comparisons. To simplify these relaxations, we exploit the symmetry arising from permuting the colors, as well as the symmetry of the given graphs when applicable. We also show how to exploit invariance under permutations of the subsets for other partition problems and how to use the MkCS problem to derive bounds on the chromatic number of a graph. Our numerical results verify that the proposed relaxations provide strong bounds for the MkCS problem and that those outperform existing bounds for most of the test instances.

Summary of Contribution: The maximum k-colorable subgraph (MkCS) problem is to find an induced k-colorable subgraph with maximum cardinality in a given graph. The MkCS problem has a number of applications, such as channel assignment in spectrum sharing networks (e.g., Wi-Fi or cellular), very-large-scale integration design, human genetic research, and so on. The MkCS problem is also related to several other optimization problems, including the graph partition problem and the max-k-cut problem. The two mentioned problems have applications in parallel computing, network partitioning, floor planning, and so on. This paper is an in-depth analysis of the MkCS problem that considers various semidefinite programming relaxations, including their theoretical and numerical comparisons. Further, our analysis relates the MkCS results with the stable set and the chromatic number problems. We provide extended numerical results that verify that the proposed bounding approaches provide strong bounds for the MkCS problem and that those outperform existing bounds for most of the test instances. Moreover, our lower bounds on the chromatic number of a graph are competitive with existing bounds in the literature.
Pulmonary Embolism in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Patient Induced by Inferior Vena Cava Mechanical Compression
Authors: Basheer Maamoun , Saad Elias , Nimer Assy
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a common syndrome. Renal and hepatic cysts can cause discomfort, bleeding, rupture, infection, hypertension and a mass effect with compression of adjacent organs. Case presentation: A 48-year-old man with polycystic kidney disease and hypertension presented to the emergency department for bilateral flank pain. An abdominal computed tomography scan with contrast showed a 7 cm heterogeneous process posteriorly and laterally to the right kidney. It appeared to be a renal cyst associated with bleeding and bilateral pulmonary artery filling defects, apparently due to  pulmonary embolism. Cavography following inferior vena cava filter insertion did not show any deep vein thrombosis. Discussion and conclusion: The pulmonary embolism was probably caused by extrinsic inferior vena cava compression by a liver cyst. Virchow's triad of stasis, vessel damage and hypercoagulability probably resulted in a thrombus which moved on the right side to the pulmonary artery.
Short Communication: The correlation between foot circumference with the body length, shoulder height, and pelvic width in Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus)
Authors: WIJAYANTO HERY , WIBOWO DENY SETYO , WIDAYANTI RINI , PANGESTININGSIH TRI WAHYU , WENDO WORO DANUR , ASVAN MACHMUD , GUNAWAN ANASTASIA STEPHANIE , Wirabrata Marcel
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Wijayanto H, Wibowo DS, Widayanti R, Pangestiningsih TW, Wendo WD, Asvan M, Gunawan AS, Wirabrata M. 2021. Short Communication: The correlation between foot circumference with the body length, shoulder height, and pelvic width in Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus). Biodiversitas 22: 2635-2640. Sumatran elephants' body measurement is essential in conservation practices to perceive health status and determining medication doses. Considering elephants' size, the mahouts doing the recording can easily get harmed during their interaction with their animal. Therefore, easier method to shortening interaction time is urgently needed in estimating elephants' size. The aim of the research is to find out the correlations between forefoot and hindfoot circumference (FFC and HFC) with the body length (BL), shoulder height (SH), and pelvic width (PW) in Sumatran elephants. The correlation formula will very much reduce the time needed to measure the elephant size, since the mahouts only need to measure the foot circumference left by the elephant on the ground to predict BL, SH, and PW. The anatomical data were collected from adult elephants in Aceh, Safari Park Indonesia, Gembira Loka Zoo, Borobudur Park, and PLG Duri Pekanbaru. Measurements were done using modified Vernier calipers and roll meters, referring to standardized methods. The data then calculated using correlation and linear-regression test. From the results, we found that the FFC has very strong correlation with SH (R=0.809) and strong correlations with BL (R=0.769) and PW(R=0.73). Results from the HFC show very strong correlation with PW (R=0.826) and strong correlations with BL (R=0.775) and SH (R=0.747). In the conclusion, the foot circumference is very useful to predict the elephant's size and can much reduce the mahouts' risk by minimizing interaction time needed in elephant’s body measurement. For the field researcher, they are not necessary to meet with the elephants to predict the elephant’s size in the wild.
Isolation and characterization of mercury-resistant microbes from gold mine area in Mount Pongkor, Bogor District, Indonesia
Authors: Sanjaya Wilhelmus Terang Arga , Khoirunhisa Nur Syafira , Ismiani Sri , Hazra Fahrizal , Santosa Dwi Andreas
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Sanjaya WTA, Khoirunnisa NS, Ismiani A, Hazra F, Santosa DA. 2021. Isolation and characterization of mercury-resistant microbes from gold mine area in Mount Pongkor, Bogor District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2656-2666. Exploring novel wild-type microbes is very important to give more flexibility for bioremediation implementation. It is related to discovering strain with higher detoxification ability and more reliable degradation mechanisms. Moreover, novel strain can be used as genetic material for strain development by molecular genetic engineering and production design formulation. The aims of this experiment were to characterize and identify new mercury-resistant microbes, investigate their capacity to accumulate mercury, and analyze the reducing mercury toxicity in bioassay. Four strains of bacteria selected through the screening stage were characterized for their morphological, biochemical, physiological, and molecular genetic characteristics. Considering their characteristics and mercury resistance levels, there are two selected microbial strains: fungus strain Cladosporium halotolerans Hg32 and the bacterial strain Mycolicibacterium peregrinum Hg37 with a mercury resistance level up to 3000 mg L-1. The C. halotolerans Hg32 could remove mercury with the highest potency up to 90.72% at a mercury concentration of 100 mg L-1, while  M. peregrinum Hg37 removes up to 77.10% at mercury concentrations of 10 mg L-1. Toxicity bioassay tests using fish confirmed that C. halotolerans Hg32 and M. peregrinum Hg37 had the ability to detoxify mercury in contaminated water. Both have successfully proven to reduce the mortality rate to below 5%.
Short Communication: The detection of Plasmodium in mosquitoes from Sumba and Sorong districts, Indonesia
Authors: MUNIRAH MUNIRAH , WAHID ISRA , HAMID FIRDAUS , Wahyuni Sitti
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Munirah M, Wahid I, Hamid F, Wahyuni S. 2021. Short Communication: The detection of Plasmodium in mosquitoes from Sumba and Sorong districts, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2680-2684. Malaria is heading for elimination in 2030, but the disease remains prevalent in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine a vector other than Anopheles that is potentially responsible for malaria transmission in the country's endemic areas. The mosquitoes were trapped by Kelambu trap, collected using a mouth aspirator, and stored in a tube containing silica gel. They were also examined microscopically following O'Connor identification keys, and Nested PCR was used to detect Plasmodium DNA. The number of mosquitoes collected from two areas was 1.336. In Sumba (Gaura village) district, 493 mosquitoes were captured, and the dominant genus was Anopheles (58.6%), followed by Culex (31%), Armigeres (9.9%), Aedes (0.2%), and Lutzia (0.2%). Among 843 mosquitoes collected from Sorong (Aimas), Culex was 98.9%, followed by Aedes (0.8%) and Anopheles (0.2%). The result of nested PCR found two An. sundaicus from Sumba carried Plasmodium which belongs to P. falciparum and P. vivax species (0.14%). Although we did not detect the presence of Plasmodium in mosquitoes other than the genus Anopheles, in this study, we found Anopheles species that have never previously been reported from the area, namely An. bailey and An. barbirostris from Papua and An. nivipes in West Sumba.
Growth inhibition of Hydrilla verticillata by freshwater fungi
Authors: Triadiati Triadiati , Sukarno Nampiah , RAHMAH IRMA SITI
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Triadiati T, Sukarno N, Rahmah IS. 2021. Growth inhibition of Hydrilla verticillata by freshwater fungi. Biodiversitas 22: 2876-2882. The uncontrolled growth of hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle) in Mekarsari Fruit Garden, Bogor causes various losses. A Freshwater fungus is one of the alternatives to control hydrilla growth. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the damage and growth inhibition of hydrilla using freshwater fungi. Freshwater fungi were isolated from Lake Mekarsari Fruit Garden. Hydrilla growth characteristics observed were stem length, stem nodus number, number of healthy leaves, leaf number, leaf damage, wet and dry weight. The results showed that a total of seven isolates of freshwater fungi were obtained from Lake Mekarsari Fruit Garden. Two species, i.e. Myrothecium sp. and Stachybotrys sp. were selected to control hydrilla growth. Fungal treatment reduced the stem length and leaf number of hydrilla. The combination of both fungal isolates showed less leaf damage than Myrothecium sp. The damage of hydrilla leaves by Myrothecium sp. and Stachybotrys sp. were 98.07% and 78.71%, respectively.
Species composition and distribution of dangerous scorpions of Hemiscorpius genus and clinical symptoms due to envenomation in high-risk regions of southern Iran
Authors: Shahi Mehran , Moosavy Seyed Hamid , Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Ali , Akbari Morteza , Rafinejad Javad
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Shahi M, Moosavy SH, Hanafi-Bojd AA, Akbari M, Rafinejad J. 2021. Species composition and distribution of dangerous scorpions of Hemiscorpius genus and clinical symptoms due to envenomation in high-risk regions of southern Iran. Biodiversitas 22: 2945-2951. The southern regions of Iran, including Hormozgan province, are high risk areas for scorpion stings. This study aimed to determine the distribution and species diversity of dangerous scorpions of Hemiscorpius and also to determine the clinical symptoms of their bites in the high-risk areas of Hormozgan province. Scorpion sampling was carried out from Shahid Mohammadi and Koodakan hospitals in Bandar Abbas also filed areas of Bandar Abbas and Khamir counties by searching the scorpion's shelter throughout the day and using ultraviolet light at night. To determine the clinical symptoms, the data recorded in the patient's file were extracted and recorded in the sting checklists. Five species of the Hemiscorpius genus were identified. H. gaillardia and H. persicus are reported for the first time from Hormozgan province. Specific clinical symptoms after several hours of delayed were pain, swelling, itching, warmth, and edema, necrosis of the sting site, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and fever. Complications such as urine discoloration, hemoglobinuria, severe hemolysis, and acute renal failure were observed. The results showed that envenomation with Hemiscorpius Scorpions should be considered as an urgent medical issue.
Antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Dengke Naniura of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) against diarrhea-causing pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Nasri Nasri , Harahap Urip , Silalahi Jansen , Satria Denny
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Nasri, Harahap U, Silalahi J, Satria D. 2021. Antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Dengke Naniura of Carp (Cyprinus carpio) against diarrhea-causing pathogenic bacteria. Biodiversitas 22: 3098-3104. Diarrhea is the discharge of liquid or watery stools 3 to 4 times a day caused by a bacterial infection. Treatments for diarrhea are probiotics, which have a beneficial effect on the health of the host such as antibacterial. Traditional Batak Toba fermented food, Dengke Naniura, is a source of probiotics. This study aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and leakage of DNA and protein from lactic acid bacteria against pathogens. Isolation of LAB was obtained from Dengke Naniura by pour plate method on deMann Rogosa and Sharpe Agar + CaCO3 1%. In this study, Characterization and analysis of bacterial sequencing used Polymerase Chain Reaction. Determination of MIC used the agar diffusion method. The MBC test used the streaking method which was a stroke from the inhibition zone formed. DNA and protein leakage was measured using spectrophotometry UV-VIS (260nm and 280nm). The isolation results obtained were Lactobacillus fermentum, the characterization showed that the bacteria were Gram-positive, bacilli, non-sporing, catalase-negative, and able to ferment sugar. The MIC determination was obtained at a concentration of 10%v/v with a clear zone diameter. Determination of MBC against pathogens was obtained at different concentrations. The results of DNA and protein leakage showed an increased absorption (260nm and 280nm).
Vegetation diversity and its interspecies association with merbau (Intsia bijuga) at three habitats of tropical rain forest in West Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Tasik Susanti , WIDYASTUTI SITI MUSLIMAH , MUSYAFA MUSYAFA , SURYANTO PRIYONO
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Tasik S, Widyastuti SM, Musyafa, Suryanto P. 2021. Vegetation diversity and its interspecies association with merbau (Intsia bijuga) at three habitats of tropical rain forest in West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3383-3391. The stability of vegetation community indicated by species diversity, structure and composition affects the relationship between species. The understanding of interspecies association in their natural habitat is important especially for management and conservation strategies of species with particular interest, including merbau (Intsia bijuga O. Colebr Kuntze), a timber tree species with high commercial value. This study aims to investigate the diversity and composition of vegetation coexisting with merbau, and to see whether there is pattern of interspecies association with merbau. Vegetation analyses of species richness, diversity index, evenness index and interspecies relationship were conducted at three research locations in West Papua, Indonesia, namely Mount Meja Natural Tourism Park (Hutan Taman Wisata Alam Gunung Meja/HTWAGM), Bembab Beach Forest of South Manokwari (Hutan Bembab Pantai Manokwari Selatan/HBPMS) and Bembab Mountain Forest of South Manokwari (Hutan Bembab Gunung Manokwari Selatan/HBGMS). The results showed that the species Caryota rumphiana, Licuala sp 1, Calophyllum inophyllum, Garcinia pichoriza, Pometia coreacea and Pometia pinnata always grew side by side with Intsia bijuga in three locations. Furthermore, the association analysis indicated a positive and strong relationship between Intsia bijuga and Pometia coreacea, Licuala sp1, Licuala sp 2, Caryota rumphiana at all three research sites. In addition, Pometia coracea had the highest Chi-square value (X2 = 20.00) with the value of the three association indexes reached maximum value. We also found that the vegetation communities in the habitat of merbau had varying vegetation structure and composition as well as biodiversity indicators, yet they were all at stable state. The finding on vegetation analyses was confirmed with the result of soil analyses in which the physical and chemical properties had optimal conditions for vegetation to grow, including for merbau.
Composition, structure, and physicochemical characteristics of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) starches from Indonesia
Authors: A'yuni Nur Rohmah Lufti , Marsono Yustinus , Marseno Djagal Wiseso , Triwitono Priyanto
Published: August 2021

Abstract. A’yuni NRL, Marsono Y, Marseno DW, Triwitoyo P. 2021. Composition, structure, and physicochemical characteristics of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) starches from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3430-3439. Information on the characteristics of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) starch would provide a scientific basis for developing its application. However, data about characteristics of pigeon pea starch, especially from the Southeast Asia region, has been limited. This study determined the composition, structure, and physicochemical characteristics of pigeon pea starches from three different Indonesian regions, i.e., Bali, Yogyakarta, and West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). We also investigated the potential application of Indonesian pigeon pea starches. Pigeon pea starch was extracted using a wet method, and then pigeon pea starch was characterized. The yield of pigeon pea starches ranged from 29.83-31.68%. Pigeon pea starches showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in amylose content (54.74-58.51%), relative crystallinity (24.20-28.97%), water-binding capacity (0.70-0.76 g/g), oil binding capacity (0.55-0.58 g/g), swelling power (13.19-14.52 g/g), and solubility (9.48-11.15%). The pasting properties (except for final viscosity) and thermal properties (except for onset temperature and gelatinization enthalpy) differed significantly. Granules of pigeon pea starch were oval to elliptical, with a mean granule diameter of 18.41-19.98 µm. According to X-ray diffraction patterns, pigeon pea starches showed CA type, contained orthorhombic and hexagonal crystals. Pigeon pea starches also showed the same FTIR spectra. The results revealed that the differences in pigeon pea growing locations affect pigeon pea starch's composition and physicochemical properties. The highest amylose content and lowest relative crystallinity were found in Yogyakarta pigeon pea starch. In the future, our findings could be used to develop pigeon pea starch for various food applications.
Inventory of Rubiaceae species in Mt. Pao Range, Ilocos Norte, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines
Authors: Batuyong Mae Ann , CALARAMO MICHAEL A. , ALEJANDRO GRECEBIO JONATHAN D.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Batuyong MAR, Calaramo MA, Alejandro GJD. 2021. Inventory of Rubiaceae species in Mt. Pao Range, Ilocos Norte, Northwestern Luzon, Philippines. Biodiversitas 22: 3604-3612. Botanical assessments in the Philippines are mostly conducted on declared Protected Areas (PAs). However, many remaining potentially interesting and largely unexplored floristic sites are not considered PA, one of which is the Mt. Pao Range in the Municipality of Adams, located in Ilocos Norte, Philippines. Among the flowering plant family, Rubiaceae is one with the largest number of endemic species and genera in the Philippines Thus, floristic surveys of Rubiaceae species were conducted, and collections were made from September 2019 to March 2021. A total of 39 species belonging to 13 tribes and 24 genera of the family were recorded. These constitute 7.09% of the total Philippine Rubiaceae. Of these species, 18 are Philippine endemics while two are considered narrow endemic to Mt. Pao. Two endemic genera were also found in the area  Antherostele and Kanapia. According to the Updated National List of Threatened Philippine Plants, their conservation status in the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Administrative Order No. 2017-11 found one species assessed as Critically Endangered (Antherostele callophylla). This study contributes to the data on the distribution and occurrence of Philippine Rubiaceae. Moreover, it also highlights the area's importance with the presence of threatened and endemic species as an area of concern for protection and conservation.
Aggressive Vertebral Hemangioma Causing Recurring Myelopathy – A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Gala Rohan Bharat , Dhar Sanjay B , Kale Sachin Y , Ganesh Raja , Dahapute Aditya A
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Vertebral hemangiomas although benign vascular lesions few of these may be ag-gressive causing osseous, extra-osseous and/or epidural expansions with recurrence rate as low as 3%. It should be considered as one of the important differentials while dealing with lytic lesions in the dorsal spine causing compressive myelopathy.
Case Report: A 16-year-old female came with an acute history of paraparesis with bladder in-volvement. She was diagnosed of vertebral hemangioma of D9 for which she underwent surgical decompression and fixation. At present, she had paraparesis with a sensory level of D10 on exami-nation. After radiological investigations (X-ray and MRI) she had high intensity signals in the extra osseous portion of D9 with significant neural compression indicating recurrence of vertebral he-mangioma. She underwent decompression with long segment instrumentation with prior arterial embolization. Histopathology features were suggestive of hemangioma and our diagnosis of recur-rence was confirmed. At 2 weeks, the patient had improved neurology with partial sensory recovery and Grade 2 power in the right lower limb and Grade 1 power in the left lower limb. Histopathology report confirmed the diagnosis of hemangioma indicating recurrence. At 6 months follow-up after aggressive rehabilitation, the patient was spastic and improved to Grade 3 power in the left lower limb and Grade 4 power in the right lower limb. The sphincteric control was also found to be fair at 1 year follow-up.
Discussion: Vertebral hemangiomas when causing progressive neurological deficit warrant surgical decompression. The choice of intervention depends on location and extent of the tumor. Due to their high vascularity, it is advisable for to preoperatively carry out arterial embolization.
Conclusion: Although commonly asymptomatic, vertebral hemangiomas may present as compressive myelopathy. Therefore, they should be detected early, intervened and followed up regularly to detect re
A Case Report Describing Pre-operative Contouring of an Orthopedic Implant using a 3D-Printed Patient-specific Model
Authors: Mackey Catherine , Wake Nicole , Aldahamsheh Osama , Yang Rui , Hoang Bang , Geller David S
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Paget’s disease is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by abnormal patterns in bone remodeling, resulting in variable degrees of chronic bone pain, deformation of the long bones and rarely, and pathologic fracture. These issues can pose difficult surgical challenges, particularly in the elderly frail population, where the benefits of orthopedic intervention must be balanced with minimizing inherent surgical risks. Such considerations often include reducing operative time and blood loss, allowing for early mobilization, stabilizing an impending fracture, and providing symptom relief.
Case Report: A 77-year-old female with a 10-year history of Paget’s disease presented to an outside orthopedic clinic with progressive right leg pain and worsening anterior bowing following minor trauma to the extremity. Ultimately, the patient was offered in situ prophylactic intramedullary (IM) nail fixation, intended to augment her bone’s native strength and prevent further microfractures and subsequent deformation. A three-dimensional (3D) printed patient specific model was developed to permit for pre-contouring of an off-the-shelf implant and subsequent sterilization and use at a future point in time. She underwent uneventful IM nailing of her tibia with the pre-contoured implant and proceeded to progress clinically postoperatively.
Conclusion: In this report, we present an innovative use of a 3D printed patient-specific tibia model to pre-contour an IM nail. This surgical approach was undertaken to treat an elderly patient with a symptomatic and progressive deformity of the tibia secondary to Paget’s disease of bone.
Keywords: Paget’s disease, 3D-printing, orthopedic implant.
The impact of age on genetic risk for common diseases
Authors: Jiang Xilin , Holmes Chris , McVean Gil
Published: August 2021

Inherited genetic variation contributes to individual risk for many complex diseases and is increasingly being used for predictive patient stratification. Previous work has shown that genetic factors are not equally relevant to human traits across age and other contexts, though the reasons for such variation are not clear. Here, we introduce methods to infer the form of the longitudinal relationship between genetic relative risk for disease and age and to test whether all genetic risk factors behave similarly. We use a proportional hazards model within an interval-based censoring methodology to estimate age-varying individual variant contributions to genetic relative risk for 24 common diseases within the British ancestry subset of UK Biobank, applying a Bayesian clustering approach to group variants by their relative risk profile over age and permutation tests for age dependency and multiplicity of profiles. We find evidence for age-varying relative risk profiles in nine diseases, including hypertension, skin cancer, atherosclerotic heart disease, hypothyroidism and calculus of gallbladder, several of which show evidence, albeit weak, for multiple distinct profiles of genetic relative risk. The predominant pattern shows genetic risk factors having the greatest relative impact on risk of early disease, with a monotonic decrease over time, at least for the majority of variants, although the magnitude and form of the decrease varies among diseases. As a consequence, for diseases where genetic relative risk decreases over age, genetic risk factors have stronger explanatory power among younger populations, compared to older ones. We show that these patterns cannot be explained by a simple model involving the presence of unobserved covariates such as environmental factors. We discuss possible models that can explain our observations and the implications for genetic risk prediction.
High-throughput screening and genome-wide analyses of 44 anticancer drugs in the 1000 Genomes cell lines reveals an association of the NQO1 gene with the response of multiple anticancer drugs
Authors: Akhtari Farida S. , Green Adrian J. , Small George W. , Havener Tammy M. , House John S. , Roell Kyle R. , Reif David M. , McLeod Howard L. , Wiltshire Timothy , Motsinger-Reif Alison A.
Published: August 2021

Cancer patients exhibit a broad range of inter-individual variability in response and toxicity to widely used anticancer drugs, and genetic variation is a major contributor to this variability. To identify new genes that influence the response of 44 FDA-approved anticancer drug treatments widely used to treat various types of cancer, we conducted high-throughput screening and genome-wide association mapping using 680 lymphoblastoid cell lines from the 1000 Genomes Project. The drug treatments considered in this study represent nine drug classes widely used in the treatment of cancer in addition to the paclitaxel + epirubicin combination therapy commonly used for breast cancer patients. Our genome-wide association study (GWAS) found several significant and suggestive associations. We prioritized consistent associations for functional follow-up using gene-expression analyses. The NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) gene was found to be associated with the dose-response of arsenic trioxide, erlotinib, trametinib, and a combination treatment of paclitaxel + epirubicin.NQO1has previously been shown as a biomarker of epirubicin response, but our results reveal novel associations with these additional treatments. Baseline gene expression ofNQO1was positively correlated with response for 43 of the 44 treatments surveyed. By interrogating the functional mechanisms of this association, the results demonstrate differences in both baseline and drug-exposed induction.