bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hollow Ring-Core Hybrid Photonic Crystal Fiber Supporting >500 OAM Modes Across O, E, S, C, L Bands
Authors: Lu Yao , Wang Yingning , Bao Changjing , Geng Wenpu , Fang Yuxi , Mao Baiwei , Wang Zhi , Liu Yan-ge , Huang Hao , Ren Yongxiong , Pan Zhongqi , Yue Yang
Published: October 2020

We propose and design a hollow As2S3 ring-core photonic crystal fiber with 514 radially fundamental OAM modes across O, E, S, C, and L bands. Moreover, higher-order OAM modes are more tolerant to fiber bending.
Specialty Optical Fibers for Coherent and Low-Noise Supercontinuum Generation and their Application in Ultrafast Photonics
Authors: Heidt Alexander M. , Sierro Benoit , Spangenberg Dirk , Rampur Anupamaa , Klimczak Mariusz
Published: October 2020

Specialty optical fiber designs are presented that minimize quantum, technical, and polarization noise amplification during supercontinuum generation. Applications in ultrafast photonics are discussed.
Ultrashort-Cavity DFB Laser Based on Er3+-Heavily-Doped Phosphosilicate Fiber
Authors: Skvortsov M.I. , Wolf A.A. , Vlasov A.A. , Proskurina K.V. , Dostovalov A.V. , Egorova O.N. , Galagan B.I. , Sverchkov S.E. , Denker B.I. , Semjonov S.L. , Babin S.A.
Published: October 2020

Femtosecond point-by-point inscription of pi-shifted fiber Bragg grating in Er3+-heavily-doped phosphosilicate fiber with ultrashort length of 5.3 mm enables stable linearly-polarized single-frequency generation of 0.5 mW power and 3.5-kHz linewidth.
Ultrafast Tm-doped fiber CPA system delivering GW-level peak power pulses at > 100 W average power
Authors: Wang Ziyao , Heuermann Tobias , Gebhardt Martin , Lenski Mathias , Gaida Christian , Jauregui Cesar , Limpert Jens
Published: October 2020

In this contribution, we present a Tm-doped fiber chirped pulse amplifier system delivering 108 W of average output power at 417 kHz repetition rate with 250 fs pulse duration and close to 1 GW of pulse peak power.
Optimizing Single Coated Hollow-core Fibers for Microbending Loss Reduction
Authors: Wang Wei , Fokoua Eric Numkam , Chen Yong , Poletti Francesco
Published: October 2020

We use the theory of elasticity and finite element modelling to optimize single coating parameters for microbending loss reduction in hollow-core fibers. We find that stiffer coating materials can offer effective loss reduction.
Pressure in As-drawn Hollow Core Fibers
Authors: Rikimi Shuichiro , Chen Yong , Partridge Matthew C. , Davidson Ian A. , Jasion Gregory T. , Bradley Thomas D. , Taranta Austin A. , Poletti Francesco , Petrovich Marco N. , Richardson David J. , Wheeler Natalie V.
Published: October 2020

The pressure inside a hollow core fiber immediately post-fabrication is studied by monitoring changes in gas concentration using absorption and Raman spectroscopy. Simulated gas flow dynamics show that this pressure is significantly below atmospheric pressure.
Silver Halide 7x7 Grid Fiber Bundle for IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Korsakova E.A. , Zhukova L.V. , Korsakov A.S.
Published: October 2020

In this study, we developed and fabricated an ordered MIR bundle comprised of 7x7 silver halide fibers arranged in a square grid. These bundles may be useful in IR spectroscopy systems for fast scanning specimens.
Reference Beam-Assisted Broadband Adaptive Optics Compensation for Atmospheric Turbulence on Orbital Angular Momentum Beams
Authors: Kishimoto Haruya , Sakashita Noriyuki , Kishikawa Hiroki , Goto Nobuo , Liaw Shien-Kuei
Published: October 2020

We propose an adaptive compensation method for atmospheric turbulence on orbital angular momentum beams using coaxially propagating reference beam. Compensation performances are investigated regarding the reference beam’s wavelength and azimuthal index.
FWDM Radio over Fiber for Next-Generation 5G Networks
Authors: Pandey Gaurav , Choudhary Amol , Dixit Abhishek
Published: October 2020

We propose and experimentally demonstrate frequency and wavelength-division multiplexed (FWDM)-radio-over-fiber network using spectral-efficient M-QAM and cost-efficient directly modulated laser for application in the fronthaul of 5G mobile networks.
On the Impact of Finite-Length Probabilistic Shaping on Fiber Nonlinear Interference
Authors: Fehenberger Tobias
Published: October 2020

The interplay of shaped signaling and fiber nonlinearities is reviewed in the asymptotic and finite-length regime. We present explanations and discuss implications of an optimum shaping length of just a few hundred symbols.
Some Practical Aspects of Nonlinear Mitigation via Multi-Subcarrier Modulation
Authors: Mousa-Pasandi Mohammad E. , Reimer Michael A. , O’Sullivan Maurice
Published: October 2020

We report the influence of carrier phase recovery on the subcarrier baud that minimizes Kerr-related nonlinear noise.
Real-Time Implementation of Adaptive MIMO Equalization with Fast Carrier-Phase Tracking
Authors: Igarashi Koji , Beppu Shohei , Kikuta Masahiro , Soma Daiki , Saito Yasuo , Tsuritani Takehiro
Published: October 2020

Based on FPGA boards, we implemented real-time adaptive MIMO equalization for demodulation of DP-QPSK optical signals. External carrier-phase compensation separated from the MIMO improves carrier-phase tracking performance.
Scalable Multi-Core FPGA Design for Maximum Concurrency: The Case of KNN for ICI Mitigation
Authors: Marquez-Viloria David , Castano-Londono Luis , Escobar-Perez Alejandro , Granada-Torres Jhon J. , Guerrero-Gonzalez Neil
Published: October 2020

We experimentally validate a multi-core FPGA design of the K-Nearest Neigh-bohr algorithm for interchannel interference mitigation in gridless Nyquist WDM networks. We successfully achieved a speed-up of 5.53X when using 7 instead of 1 core.
Low Complexity Coherent for Access Networks
Authors: Savory Seb J. , Faruk Md Saifuddin , Li Xiang
Published: October 2020

Digital coherent transceivers are a promising technology for future access networks, enabling self-calibration, increased sensitivity and the ability to mitigate channel impairments. We consider options for coherent access networks targeting 100 Gbit/s per wavelength channel.
A pszichológiai szerződés szakirodalmi összefoglalója
Authors: Gubányi Mónika
Published: October 2020

A szervezeti kutatások területén népszerű téma a munkaadó és a munkavállaló kapcsolatának vizsgálata. Ezt a kapcsolatot a pszichológiai szerződés konstruktum és fogalomrendszerével megalkotott elméletekkel is kutatják. A szerző a tanulmányban a pszichológiai szerződést és központi témáit mutatja be. Kísérletet tesz arra, hogy társadalmi szintű relevanciájára rámutasson, és egzaktabb mérési eljárásokat javasoljon. A tanulmány elméleti összefoglaló. Célja, hogy a magyar nyelvű szakirodalomban bemutassa a pszichológiai szerződést. A legtöbbet hivatkozott munkák bemutatását követően a fókusz a konstruktumra reflektáló módszertani észrevételek áttekintésén volt. A konstruktum és az elméletek a pszichológiai hangsúly mellett szociálpszichológiai és szociológiai aspketusból megközelíthetők.A paradoxont hordozó fogalom kontextuálisan feloldható. Az alkalmazhatósághoz javasolt elmélet a kötődéselmélet.A pszichológiai szerződés konstruktum és elméletek megértésével, felülvizsgálatával egzaktabb kutatási design-ok tervezhetők így javítva az eredmények validitását. Ha így születnek komparatív tanulmányok, a konstruktum standardizálhatóvá válhat.
A minőségi munkaerő-gazdálkodás vállalati gyakorlata
Authors: Tóthné Téglás Tünde
Published: October 2020

A tanulmány azt vizsgálja, hogy a hazai vállalatok milyen emberierőforrás-gyakorlatokat alkalmaznak a minőségi munkaerő biztosítása érdekében, és milyen módon határozzák meg a munkavégzés személyes kritériumait. Ennek megfelelően a kutatás a vállalatok minőségi munkaerő-tervezéssel kapcsolatos képességét és ezzel kapcsolatos emberierőforrás-gazdálkodási gyakorlatát vizsgálja. Menedzseri nézőpontból különösen érdekes kérdés, hogy a jelentősen átalakuló munkaerő-piaci helyzetben vajon képes-e a vállalat a szervezetén belül a munkavégzés személyes sikerkritériumainak pontos meghatározására, milyen mértékben fordít figyelmet a munka minőségi feltételeire a működése során, és milyen emberierőforrás-gazdálkodási gyakorlat biztosíthatja leginkább a szervezet stratégiai célkitűzéseinek megfelelő munkaerő-állományt. Szakirodalmi kutatásai alapján a szerző úgy gondolja, hogy a kompetenciamenedzsment stratégiai szemlélete és operatív eszköztára megfelelő válaszokat adhat a minőségi munkaerőért folytatott harcban a vállalatok számára. Feltáró kutatásában azt vizsgálta, milyen mértékben alkalmazzák ezt a gyakorlatot a hazai munkaerőpiacon működő vállalatok.
Severe hemorrhage in a patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever after insertion of orthodontic mini-implants. A case report
Authors: Pithon Matheus
Published: October 2020

The objective of this paper is to report a clinical case of a patient who after installing an orthodontic mini-implant returned to the dental office seven days later with a severe hemorrhage where it was inserted. Because of the severe character of the hemorrhage, the mini-implant was removed, local compression was performed, medication to control bleeding was given and some lab tests were requested. The patient returned in 24 hours with diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The patient was referred to the specialized hematology service where the diagnosis was confirmed. Past the critical period, a new mini-implant was inserted to continue the orthodontic treatment. It can be concluded from this account that despite the mini-implants being devices of simple installation and easy removal, it is important that the patient's systemic conditions are optimal for their overall effectiveness.
Keywords
Dengue; Hemorrhage; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures.
Microtensile Bond Strength and Failure Type Analysis of Self-Etch Adhesive Systems on Superficial and Deep Dentin After Long-term Water Storage
Authors: Cevik Pinar , Yildirim Arzu Zeynep , Artvin Zafer , Özcan Mutlu
Published: October 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the microtensile bond strengths of four current adhesive materials that contain different monomers at deep and superficial dentin. Material and Methods: Forty non-carious human third molars (n = 5) were used in the study. Specimens were divided into two main groups according to dentin thickness as superficial and deep dentin. Groups were further divided into four subgroups in terms of the adhesive systems used: Nova Compo B Plus (NCBP), Nova Compo B (NCB), Futurabond M (FB) and Clearfil S3 Bond Plus (CS3). All specimens were bonded to resin composite and stored in 37 °C water for 9-months. Teeth were sectioned into 3 x 3 mm x 1mm thick beams. Microtensile bond strength test was carried out by using a universal testing device (1 mm/min). After fracture, failure types were observed using an optical microscope and the fractured dentin surfaces were observed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used to compare the adhesive system in each dentin group. An unpaired T-test was used to compare the dentin thickness in each adhesive material. Results: As compared to deep dentin, superficial dentin showed higher µTBS values in groups NCBP, FB and CS, as opposed to group NCB. Only NCB revealed higher bond strength at deep dentin layers when compared to superficial dentin. In the superficial dentin group, NCBP showed the highest bond strength value, while NCB showed the lowest bond strength. In the deep dentin group, while NCB showed the highest bond strength value, NCBP revealed the lowest bond strength value after 9-months storage. While 4-META and 10-MDP monomer combination (NCBP) resulted in the highest bond strength value among the adhesive systems in the superficial dentin group, the monomer combination (NCB) resulted in the highest bond strength in deep dentin group. Conclusions: Microtensile bond strength performance are affected by both the type of monomer in the adhesive combination and the depth of the dentin.
KEYWORDS
Adhesive system; dentin thickness; hydrophobic monomer; microtensile bond strength; scanning electron microscopy.
The influence of different surface treatment protocols and bonding agents on the repair microtensile bond strength of six-month’ aged composite: An in vitro study
Authors: Saleh Reham S , Safwat Engie M
Published: October 2020

Objective: to compare the effect of three surface treatment protocols and two intermediate agents on repairing aged composite, regarding microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and mode of fracture, at two time intervals. Material and methods: Six-month aged microhybrid composite blocks, were randomly distributed into three groups, subjected to; Fine, Super Fine grit diamond burs or Erbium- Yag Laser surface treatment. Each block had both One Coat bond SL (Bond) and Brilliant Flow flowable composite (Flow) intermediate agents, alongside. Blocks were incrementally repaired using nanohybrid composite, cut into beams, then randomly subjected either immediately (IM) to µTBS test or after thermocycling (TC) for 5000 cycle. Mode of failure was determined using stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed through three-way ANOVA followed by pairwise comparison with Bonferroni correction. Kruskal Wallis test compared groups for failure mode analysis (?=0.05)Results: Super Fine grit showed the highest mean µTBS compared to control for both intermediate agents, IM and after TC at P<0.05. No difference between Fine grit and Laser application for all groups (P>0.05). IM, Bond showed the highest µTBS compared to TC, Flow for all tested groups. Beams roughened with Fine and Super Fine burs showed significantly lower adhesive failures than those roughened with Laser. Flow suffers significantly higher adhesive failure than those with Bond. For TC tested groups; beams with Super Fine bur and Bond showed significantly lower adhesive failure at P=0.029.Conclusions: Super Fine grit and Bond provide the highest µTBS and the least adhesive failure; moreover TC resulted in significant decrease in µTBS.
Importance of digital dermatoscopy and total body mapping for early diagnosis and follow-up of patients at high risk for skin cancer
Authors: Leocádia Elizabeth
Published: October 2020

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Low Predictability of Readmissions and Death Using Machine Learning in Cirrhosis
Authors: Hu Chang , Anjur Vikram , Saboo Krishnakant , Reddy K. Rajender , O'Leary Jacqueline , Tandon Puneeta , Wong Florence , Garcia-Tsao Guadalupe , Kamath Patrick S. , Lai Jennifer C. , Biggins Scott W. , Fallon Michael B. , Thuluvath Paul , Subramanian Ram M. , Maliakkal Benedict , Vargas Hugo , Thacker Leroy R. , Iyer Ravishankar K. , Bajaj Jasmohan S.
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Readmission and death in cirrhosis are common, expensive, and difficult to predict. Our aim was to evaluate the abilities of multiple artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to predict clinical outcomes based on variables collected at admission, during hospitalization, and at discharge.

METHODS:

We used the multicenter North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease (NACSELD) cohort of cirrhotic inpatients who are followed up through 90-days postdischarge for readmission and death. We used statistical methods to select variables that are significant for readmission and death and trained 3 AI models, including logistic regression (LR), kernel support vector machine (SVM), and random forest classifiers (RFC), to predict readmission and death. We used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) from 10-fold crossvalidation for evaluation to compare sexes. Data were compared with model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) at discharge.

RESULTS:

We included 2,170 patients (57 ± 11 years, MELD 18 ± 7, 61% men, 79% White, and 8% Hispanic). The 30-day and 90-day readmission rates were 28% and 47%, respectively, and 13% died at 90 days. Prediction for 30-day readmission resulted in 0.60 AUC for all patients with RFC, 0.57 AUC with LR for women-only subpopulation, and 0.61 AUC with LR for men-only subpopulation. For 90-day readmission, the highest AUC was achieved with kernel SVM and RFC (AUC = 0.62). We observed higher predictive value when training models with only women (AUC = 0.68 LR) vs men (AUC = 0.62 kernel SVM). Prediction for death resulted in 0.67 AUC for all patients, 0.72 for women-only subpopulation, and 0.69 for men-only subpopulation, all with LR. MELD-Na model AUC was similar to those from the AI models.

DISCUSSION:

Despite using multiple AI techniques, it is difficult to predict 30- and 90-day readmissions and death in cirrhosis. AI model accuracies were equivalent to models generated using only MELD-Na scores. Additional biomarkers are needed to improve our predictive capability (See also the visual abstract at http://links.lww.com/AJG/B710).
Residential Greenspace in Childhood Reduces Risk of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Elten Michael , Benchimol Eric I. , Fell Deshayne B. , Kuenzig M. Ellen , Smith Glenys , Kaplan Gilaad G. , Chen Hong , Crouse Dan , Lavigne Eric
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Environmental factors related to urbanization and industrialization are believed to be involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) development, but no study has looked at the association between greenspace and IBD.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using linked population-based health administrative and environmental data sets. The study population comprised 2,715,318 mother-infant pairs from hospital births in Ontario, Canada, between April 1, 1991, and March 31, 2014. We measured the exposure to residential greenspace using the normalized difference vegetation index derived using remote-sensing methods. Average greenspace was estimated for the pregnancy and childhood periods. We used mixed-effects Cox proportional hazard models to assess potential associations between residential greenspace and the risk of developing IBD before 18 years while adjusting for covariates including sex, maternal IBD, rural/urban residence at birth, and neighborhood income.

RESULTS:

There were 3,444 IBD diagnoses that occurred during follow-up. An increase in the interquartile range of residential greenspace during the childhood period was associated with a lower risk of developing pediatric-onset IBD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.81). This relationship was significant for both ulcerative colitis (HR 0.72 95% CI 0.67–0.78) and Crohn's disease (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.76–0.87). There was a linear dose response across increasing quartiles of greenspace (P < 0.0001). No consistent association was detected between maternal intrapartum greenspace exposure and pediatric-onset IBD.

DISCUSSION:

Higher exposure to residential greenspace during childhood was associated with a reduced risk of IBD, suggesting a novel avenue to prevent IBD in children.
Defining Science Literacy in General Education Courses for Undergraduate Non-Science Majors
Authors: Vandegrift Eleanor V.H. , Beghetto Ronald A. , Eisen Judith S. , O'Day Peter M. , Raymer Michael G. , Barber Nicola C.
Published: October 2020

This article describes a project focused on identifying science instructors’ conceptions of science literacy and using these conceptions to develop a brief science literacy student self-assessment (SCILIT). We present the rationale and process we used to elicit instructors’ conceptions of science literacy, crafted in a meaningful way with input by faculty and graduate student science experts. Next, we explain how we developed a novel student SCILIT self-assessment based on those expert conceptions. We describe our initial efforts using SCILIT in undergraduate general education science courses to explore students’ self-perceived science literacy. We discuss the use of SCILIT self-assessment to assess potential progression of students’ self-rated science literacy over the course of an academic term, and how this student self-assessment relates to instructor ratings of academic proficiency and science literacy. Finally, we reflect on the use of SCILIT self-assessment to guide instruction and assessment in general education science courses for non-science majors.
Augmented Reality Facilitated Scavenger Hunt for Mobile Learning
Authors: Li Lan
Published: October 2020

Game-based learning has become increasingly popular in recent years and has drawn an increasing level of attention in education. While the preliminary findings of educational gaming impact are quite promising, the current dilemma is the disconnect between what is available on the market and what is needed in the classroom. There has been an increasing call for teachers to be game designers to create educational games that tailor to their specific instructional needs. This paper shares one example how an educator, performing both roles as class teacher and game designer, utilized Augmented Reality and mobile learning to modernize a traditional scavenger hunt to engage students and promote their learning. It is the author’s hope that this paper would encourage more educators to explore, experiment, and discover how game-based learning may be effectively utilized in their classrooms.
Iteration in an Inquiry-Based Undergraduate Laboratory Strengthens Student Engagement and Incorporation of Scientific Skills
Authors: Wiseman Emily , Carroll David J. , Fowler Samantha R. , Guisbert Eric
Published: October 2020

The advantages of active learning approaches have prompted national recommendations for the development of inquiry-based laboratories to replace traditional laboratory classes. However, there is little consensus for the most-effective implementation strategies. Frequently, a single inquiry-based exercise is incorporated at the end of a traditional course and students have little opportunity to repeat the experience before moving on to new courses. To test whether multiple-rounds of inquiry would be beneficial, we incorporated three rounds of inquiry-based experiments during a redesign of a traditional upper-level undergraduate developmental biology laboratory class. After the second and third round of inquiry, students gave slideshow presentations of their projects and received peer and instructor feedback. We then designed and validated a scoring rubric to assess student use of scientific skills. Substantial improvements were observed in five of seven categories of scientific skills when comparing student performance from the third round of projects to the second round. Surprisingly, prior knowledge of the rubric did not diminish these gains. Anecdotal evidence and responses to student questionnaires revealed substantial levels of student interest and engagement in the course. Overall, these results indicate that incorporating iterative rounds of inquiry-based laboratories is a promising strategy for teaching scientific skills, enhancing student engagement, and promoting learning.
PERKEMBANGAN PENELITIAN MENGENAI PERGANTIAN AUDITOR
Authors: Mustofa Abdurrahman Zaki
Published: October 2020

This study aims to provide an overview of the development of the research related to audit switch, the samples taken from various national journal that can be accessed online. 18 samples taken from 9 national journals with the time span of 2009 to 2018. This research use Charting the Field method that was developed by Hesford et al (2007) where the researcher classified articles based on the topic and research method that is used on the articles. The results show that the most researched variable is Pergantian Manajemen. Research topic related to audit switch that is researched the most is anteseden topic, using Pergantian Manajemen Variable. The research method that is used the most is analytic method and among all samples there is no article that use review method.
Lower Limb Maximal Power Predicts Punching Speed in Different Static and Dynamic Attacking Techniques in Karate
Authors: Quinzi Federico , Rosellini Gioele , Sbriccoli Paola
Published: October 2020

Quinzi, F, Rosellini G, and Sbriccoli, P. Lower limb maximal power predicts punching speed in different static and dynamic attacking techniques in karate. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1353–1359, 2022—Punching performance of karate can be predicted from lower limb maximal power. However, this relationship was observed only in single actions starting from a static position, thus calling for an investigation on the applicability of this relationship to other conditions. This study aims at investigating whether the relationship between lower limb maximal power and punch speed holds true, not only for single actions, but also for a combination of upper limb techniques in static and dynamic conditions. Ten national-level karate athletes aged 22.3 ± 1.8 years were assessed for maximal power of upper and lower limbs during a bench press and a back squat, and for punching speed during 2 punching techniques (gyaku tsuki [GT]; kizami tsuki and gyaku tsuki [KG]) starting from a static (GTS; KGS) or a dynamic (GTD; KGD) condition. Pearson's correlations were obtained between upper and lower limb maximal relative power and punch speed across tasks and conditions. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. Significant correlations were observed between lower limb maximal relative power and punch speed for all tasks and conditions (r = 0.66–0.80; p = 0.005–0.037). The present results further our knowledge on the relationship between lower limb maximal power and punch speed showing that this relationship holds true also for combinations of punching techniques performed also in dynamic conditions. This information can be useful for karate trainers to predict the punching performance of their athletes using a simple test to assess maximal lower limb power.
A rs936306 C/T Polymorphism in the CYP19A1 Is Associated With Stress Fractures
Authors: Kumagai Hiroshi , Miyamoto-Mikami Eri , Kikuchi Naoki , Kamiya Nobuhiro , Zempo Hirofumi , Fuku Noriyuki
Published: October 2020

Kumagai, H, Miyamoto-Mikami, E, Kikuchi, N, Kamiya, N, Zempo, H, and Fuku, N. A rs936306 C/T polymorphism in the CYP19A1 is associated with stress fractures. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2322–2325, 2022—A stress fracture (SF) is an overuse injury, and low bone mineral density (BMD) is the risk factor for the SF. Estrogen is suggested to have a crucial role in bone metabolism, and estrogen-related genetic polymorphisms are associated with BMD. However, the possible association between SF and estrogen-related genetic polymorphisms has not been clarified yet. Therefore, we aimed to clarify whether estrogen-related genetic polymorphisms are associated with a history of SFs in Japanese athletes. A total of 1,311 (men: n = 868, women: n = 443) top-level Japanese athletes who participated in various sports and at different levels were analyzed. The history of SFs was assessed using a questionnaire, and the cytochrome P450 aromatase gene (CYP19A1) rs936306 C/T and estrogen receptor α gene (ESR1) rs2234693 T/C polymorphisms were analyzed using the TaqMan genotyping assay. The genotype frequency of the CYP19A1 C/T polymorphism was significantly different between the injured group and noninjured group under the C allele additive genetic model (odds ratio = 1.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.01–1.70), especially in men and in women with irregular menstruation. On the other hand, there were no significant differences with the ESR1 T/C polymorphism. This study demonstrated that the C allele in the CYP19A1 rs936306 polymorphism is a risk factor for SFs in top-level Japanese athletes.
The Deceleration Deficit: A Novel Field-Based Method to Quantify Deceleration During Change of Direction Performance
Authors: Clarke Richard , Read Paul J. , De Ste Croix Mark B.A. , Hughes Jonathan D.
Published: October 2020

Clarke, R, Read, PJ, De Ste Croix, MBA, and Hughes, JD. The deceleration deficit: a novel field-based method to quantify deceleration during change of direction performance. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2434–2439, 2022—The study investigated the relationship between linear and change of direction (COD) speed performance components and the individual differences between deceleration deficit (DD) and COD deficit (CODD). Thirty-six subjects (mean ± SD: age = 20.3 ± 2.9 years; stature = 175.2 ± 7.7 cm; and body mass = 78.0 ± 16.7 kg) completed 3 trials of a 505 test in both turning directions (dominant [D]; nondominant [ND]) and 3 15-m linear sprints. Deceleration deficit was calculated by the 15-m approach in the 505 test, minus the athlete's linear 15-m sprint time. To compare individuals CODD and DD, z-scores were calculated, and moderate worthwhile changes (MWCs) were identified between these deficit z-scores. Significant correlations were identified between linear sprints and 505 time (D: r = 0.71, 0.74; P < 0.01. ND: r = 0.76, 0.75; P < 0.01) for 10-m and 15-m sprint. respectively, and between 505 performance and CODD (D: r = 0.74; P < 0.01. ND: r = 0.77; P < 0.01) and DD (D: r = 0.41, P < 0.05. ND: r = 0.44, P < 0.01). Deceleration deficit was significantly related to CODD (D: r = 0.59; P < 0.01. ND: r = 0.62; P < 0.01); however, 78% of subjects demonstrated differences between these deficit measures greater than an MWC. In conclusion, linear speed has the strongest significant relationship with 505 performance. Deceleration deficit could provide a more isolated construct than CODD which may be related to an athlete's deceleration capabilities.
Effects of Nonperiodized and Linear Periodized Combined Training on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Streb Anne Ribeiro , Passos da Silva Robert , Leonel Larissa dos Santos , Possamai Leonardo Trevisol , Gerage Aline Mendes , Turnes Tiago , Del Duca Giovani Firpo
Published: October 2020

Streb, AR, Passos da Silva, R, Leonel, LdS, Possamai, LT, Gerage, AM, Turnes, T, and Del Duca, GF. Effects of nonperiodized and linear periodized combined training on health-related physical fitness in adults with obesity: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2628–2634, 2022—The aim of this randomized controlled trial study was to compare the effects of 16 weeks of linear periodized and nonperiodized combined training (CT) in cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition indicators of adults with obesity. Thirty-four obese adults of both sexes (36.6 ± 4.4 years; body mass index, 32.9 ± 2.7 kg·m−2) were divided into nonperiodized (NG; n = 8), linear periodized (PG; n = 11), and control (CG; n = 15) groups. The NG and PG groups performed 3 weekly sessions of CT over 16 weeks in different ways. Anthropometric measures, maximal strength for leg press and barbell bench press, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max), and ventilatory thresholds were determined before and after intervention. The generalized estimation equation was used, with the applied level of significance for the interaction of 0.10 and the isolated effect of time or group or both of 0.05. Significant and similar increases were observed in the 1-repetition maximum test for bench press (NG: 48.8 ± 5.7 to 55.0 ± 6.1 kg; PG: 48.7 ± 5.7 to 53.8 ± 5.9 kg; p = 0.001) and leg press (NG: 235.2 ± 18.7 to 268.3 ± 19.7 kg; PG: 223.1 ± 25.3 to 253.3 ± 23.1 kg; p = 0.05) in trained groups. Relative V̇o
2max improved only in PG (27.8 ± 1.3 to 32.0 ± 1.4 mL·kg·min−1; p = 0.05), while ventilatory thresholds improved in NG and CG (p = 0.004 and p = 0.06). There was an increase in body mass in CG (97.6 ± 3.4 to 99.1 ± 2.9 kg) and NG (92.5 ± 5.4 to 93.5 ± 5.4 kg; p = 0.05). Combined training improved maximal upper-body and lower-body strength, regardless of periodization. However, for improvement in V̇o
2max, linear periodization may be superior to nonperiodization in obese adults.
Impact of MitraClip Program on the Volume and Outcomes of Mitral Valve Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lewis Clifton , Mallela Sriniya , Ebrahimi Ali , Von Mering Gregory , Ahmed Mustafa
Published: October 2020

Surgical repair has been the standard therapy for severe mitral regurgitation causing symptoms or left ventricular dysfunction. Percutaneous mitral valve repair has become an appealing alternative approach for patients who are not suitable for surgery. However, clinical trial data are not available on the institutional impact of a percutaneous mitral valve repair program on mitral valve surgery. The current study retrospectively evaluated the impact of the MitraClip program on the mitral valve surgery volume and outcomes. Patient data were retrieved from the 2 years before and the 2 years after initiation of the MitraClip program. The volume of MitraClip procedures increased from eight cases in 2015 to 91 cases in 2017. Since the initiation of the MitraClip program in 2015, the volume of both mitral valve replacement and mitral valve repair also increased (43 vs. 60 and 110 vs. 154, respectively). Importantly, we observed improved surgical outcomes, including fewer perioperative complications and lower operative mortality and in-hospital mortality. Data from our single-institution experience indicate that the introduction of the MitraClip program is associated with increased mitral valve surgery volume and improved outcomes. The establishment of the MitraClip program enables the hospital to provide higher quality of care and potentially become a referring center for structural heart patients.
A Minimal Biophysical Model of Neocortical Pyramidal Cells: Implications for Frontal Cortex Microcircuitry and Field Potential Generation
Authors: Herrera Beatriz , Sajad Amirsaman , Woodman Geoffrey F. , Schall Jeffrey D. , Riera Jorge J.
Published: October 2020

Ca2+spikes initiated in the distal trunk of layer 5 pyramidal cells (PCs) underlie nonlinear dynamic changes in the gain of cellular response, critical for top-down control of cortical processing. Detailed models with many compartments and dozens of ionic channels can account for this Ca2+spike-dependent gain and associated critical frequency. However, current models do not account for all known Ca2+-dependent features. Previous attempts to include more features have required increasing complexity, limiting their interpretability and utility for studying large population dynamics. We overcome these limitations in a minimal two-compartment biophysical model. In our model, a basal-dendrites/somatic compartment included fast-inactivating Na+and delayed-rectifier K+conductances, while an apical-dendrites/trunk compartment included persistent Na+, hyperpolarization-activated cation (Ih), slow-inactivating K+, muscarinic K+, and Ca2+L-type. The model replicated the Ca2+spike morphology and its critical frequency plus three other defining features of layer 5 PC synaptic integration: linear frequency-current relationships, back-propagation-activated Ca2+spike firing, and a shift in the critical frequency by blocking Ih. Simulating 1000 synchronized layer 5 PCs, we reproduced the current source density patterns evoked by Ca2+spikes and describe resulting medial-frontal EEG on a male macaque monkey. We reproduced changes in the current source density when Ihwas blocked. Thus, a two-compartment model with five crucial ionic currents in the apical dendrites reproduces all features of these neurons. We discuss the utility of this minimal model to study the microcircuitry of agranular areas of the frontal lobe involved in cognitive control and responsible for event-related potentials, such as the error-related negativity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA minimal model of layer 5 pyramidal cells replicates all known features crucial for distal synaptic integration in these neurons. By redistributing voltage-gated and returning transmembrane currents in the model, we establish a theoretical framework for the investigation of cortical microcircuit contribution to intracranial local field potentials and EEG. This tractable model will enable biophysical evaluation of multiscale electrophysiological signatures and computational investigation of cortical processing.
LAR-RPTPs Directly Interact with Neurexins to Coordinate Bidirectional Assembly of Molecular Machineries
Authors: Han Kyung Ah , Kim Yoon-Jung , Yoon Taek Han , Kim Hyeonho , Bae Sungwon , Um Ji Won , Choi Se-Young , Ko Jaewon
Published: October 2020

Neurexins (Nrxns) and LAR-RPTPs (leukocyte common antigen-related protein tyrosine phosphatases) are presynaptic adhesion proteins responsible for organizing presynaptic machineries through interactions with nonoverlapping extracellular ligands. Here, we report that two members of the LAR-RPTP family, PTPσ and PTPδ, are required for the presynaptogenic activity of Nrxns. Intriguingly, Nrxn1 and PTPσ require distinct sets of intracellular proteins for the assembly of specific presynaptic terminals. In addition, Nrxn1α showed robust heparan sulfate (HS)-dependent, high-affinity interactions with Ig domains of PTPσ that were regulated by the splicing status of PTPσ. Furthermore, Nrxn1α WT, but not a Nrxn1α mutant lacking HS moieties (Nrxn1α ΔHS), inhibited postsynapse-inducing activity of PTPσ at excitatory, but not inhibitory, synapses. Similarly,cisexpression of Nrxn1α WT, but not Nrxn1α ΔHS, suppressed the PTPσ-mediated maintenance of excitatory postsynaptic specializations in mouse cultured hippocampal neurons. Lastly, genetics analyses using male or femaleDrosophila DlarandDnrxmutant larvae identified epistatic interactions that control synapse formation and synaptic transmission at neuromuscular junctions. Our results suggest a novel synaptogenesis model whereby different presynaptic adhesion molecules combine with distinct regulatory codes to orchestrate specific synaptic adhesion pathways.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe provide evidence supporting the physical interactions of neurexins with leukocyte common-antigen related receptor tyrosine phosphatases (LAR-RPTPs). The availability of heparan sulfates and alternative splicing of LAR-RPTPs regulate the binding affinity of these interactions. A set of intracellular presynaptic proteins is involved in common for Nrxn- and LAR-RPTP-mediated presynaptic assembly. PTPσ triggers glutamatergic and GABAergic postsynaptic differentiation in an alternative splicing-dependent manner, whereas Nrxn1α induces GABAergic postsynaptic differentiation in an alternative splicing-independent manner. Strikingly, Nrxn1α inhibits the glutamatergic postsynapse-inducing activity of PTPσ, suggesting that PTPσ and Nrxn1α might control recruitment of a different pool of postsynaptic machinery.Drosophilaorthologs of Nrxns and LAR-RPTPs mediate epistatic interactions in controlling synapse structure and strength at neuromuscular junctions, underscoring the physiological significancein vivo.
The Effect of Audit Committee Characteristics on Audit Quality: The Moderating Role of Internal Audit Function
Authors: Kuan Pei See Josephine , Pitchay Anwar Allah , Ganesan Yuvaraj , Haron Hasnah , Hendayani Ratih
Published: October 2020

The purposes of study are to examine the effect of audit committee characteristics namely gender, frequency of meetings, independence member in audit committee and audit committee size on audit quality and the moderating role of internal audit function in the relationship between audit committee characteristics and audit quality. The objective is to contribute to the new evidence on the role of audit committee characteristics plays towards the audit quality with internal audit function as moderator. This research applied a quantitative approach and secondary data as the main source of information for analysis. Stratified random sampling techniques are being used in this study. Further, the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach via SmartPLS was utilized to achieve the research purpose by evaluating the data collected from 250 public listed companies in Malaysia. The results reveal that only three of the audit committee characteristics, namely presence of female members in the audit committee, frequency of meetings and independence of directors, are positively influencing the audit quality for listed companies in Malaysia. Surprisingly, this study also found that internal audit function did not play the moderating effect in the relationship between audit committee characteristics and audit quality. The findings will facilitate researchers and scholars to enhance the understanding of audit committee characteristics particularly the gender, frequency of AC meetings and independence members in the audit committee played in improving overall audit quality. The companies’ stakeholders like professional accountancy body and governments may use the outcomes from this research study to improve existing rules and government regulations and code of conducts of its members to improve the quality of their works. This study contributes to the relatively new discussion on the effect of audit committee characteristics on audit quality by adding internal audit function as a moderator in Malaysia. The outcome from this study may assist the companies’ stakeholders like professional accountancy body and governments in determining improved methods to enhance audit committee characteristics in improving audit quality.
A Review of Local Government Institutions (LGIs) in Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdaus Jannatul , Hossain Saudia
Published: October 2020

In Bangladesh, several renowned organizations are abundantly spoken roughly from which local government (LG) is one of them. Local Government Institutions (LGIs) take vigorous legal as well as the valid basis. This has a great legacy of inheritances for forming and developing LGIs, however the definite nature and performances in this form of organizations to increase people’s involvement and increase democratic practice which is seen very limited – because of too much central involvement, and misapplication and influence by domineering governments to preserve their supremacy. The present study gives a reflective look at the development and working on local governance in a decentralized form in Bangladesh, focusing on the key trends, features, and challenges. The study mainly rests on the analysis of secondary elements. LGI is still not strong and as well as not properly structured nor have enough capability consistent with the Constitutional provision but contain characteristics of deconcentration more than the pure practice of decentralization. The study is secondary literature based in nature. The findings of the present study recommend that, regardless of having the Constitutional acknowledgement of the formation of an independent and a solid local government organization, the political governance of Bangladesh has introduced diverse transformations to get variations in the organization of the LGIs in the forename of decentralization. Yet, the key aims after most of the restructurings have been to support their political ground in a certain region. Consequently, these organizations could not be well-known as a heart of progress where societies would have the authority to observe and govern their areas.
BİLGİ YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARI KAPSAMINDA İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNDE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER
Authors: Büyükyılmaz Ozan
Published: October 2020

Önemli bir yönetim felsefesi olarak bilgi yönetiminin gelişmesi ve yaygınlık kazanması, örgütün bütünü açısından olduğu kadar insan kaynakları yönetimi açısından da önemli bir değişim meydana getirmektedir. Bu kapsamda bilgi yönetimi süreçleri, insan kaynakları yönetimi içerisinde stratejik bir araç olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Buna bağlı olarak da insan kaynakları yönetimi fonksiyonlarının kendisini bu değişime uyarlaması bir zorunluluk haline gelmektedir.Bu çalışmanın amacı, insan kaynakları ve bilgi yönetimi arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek, bilginin yönetilmesinde insan kaynakları yönetiminin rolünü belirleyebilmek ve bilgi yönetimi uygulamalarının insan kaynakları fonksiyonları üzerindeki etkileri ortaya koyabilmektir. Bu kapsamda kuramsal bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, insan kaynağının seçimi ve işe alımı, performans yönetimi, ücretlendirme ve ödüllendirme, eğitim ve gelişim fonksiyonlarında bilgi yönetimi stratejileri çerçevesinde önemli değişimler meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir.
STRATEJİK DÜŞÜNMENİN İŞLEMCİLERİ OLARAK ELEŞTİREL VE YARATICI DÜŞÜNME: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Çiçek Mukaddes , Naktiyok Atılhan
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı; stratejik, eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünce arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada, öncelikle söz konusu düşünce tipleri hakkında temel teorik bilgiler verilmiş, sonrasında ölçekler yardımıyla bu üç düşünce biçimi arasında önemli düzeyde bir ilişkinin var olup olmadığı, var ise bu ilişkinin hangi yönde olduğu araştırılmıştır.Çalışmanın araştırma kısmında ise bir Türk Anonim Ortaklığı bünyesinde çalışan 224 yöneticiye bilgisayar ortamında, üç farklı düşünsel yeteneğin varlığını araştıran bir anket uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, araştırmaya yön veren hipotezleri test etmek üzere araştırmanın yapısına uygun istatistiksel analizler yoluyla yorumlanmıştır. Ortaya çıkan bulgular incelendiğinde ise stratejik düşünce ile eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünce biçimleri arasında, pozitif yönde bir ilişkinin var olduğu, buna bağlı olarak eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşüncenin stratejik düşünceyi anlamlı ve güçlü bir biçimde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
EJE AWARD 2020: Signalling by G protein-coupled receptors: why space and time matter
Authors: Calebiro Davide
Published: October 2020

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors and major drug targets. They play a fundamental role in the endocrine system, where they mediate the effects of several hormones and neurotransmitters. As a result, alterations of GPCR signalling are a major cause of endocrine disorders such as congenital hypothyroidism or Cushing’s syndrome. My group develops innovative optical methods such as fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and single-molecule microscopy, which allow us to investigate GPCR signalling in living cells with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. Using this innovative approach, we have contributed to elucidate some long-debated questions about the mechanisms of GPCR signalling and their involvement in human disease. Among other findings, these studies have led to the unexpected discovery that GPCRs are not only signalling at the cell surface, as previously assumed, but also at various intracellular sites. This has important implications to understand how hormones and neurotransmitters produce specific responses in our cells and might pave the way to innovative treatments for common diseases like diabetes or heart failure.
Identification of Escherichia coli Host Genes That Influence the Bacteriophage Lambda (λ) T4rII Exclusion (Rex) Phenotype
Authors: Alattas Hibah , Wong Shirley , Slavcev Roderick A
Published: October 2020

Despite its historic role in evolving our understanding of modern molecular genetics, the mechanism governing the bacteriophage T4rII exclusion (Rex) phenotype has remained a mystery for over six decades. The Rex system is thought.....
Phalaenopsis arunachalensis sp. nov. (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Aeridinae) A new epiphytic orchid from Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India
Authors: Gogoi Khyanjeet , Rinya Koj
Published: October 2020

A new epiphytic Phalaenopsis is described from tropical evergreen forests of Ziro Valley in Arunachal Pradesh, India, and illustrated with colored photos. It is allied to the similarly colored P. taenialis (Lindl.) Christenson & Pradhan in having non-deciduous leaves, larger perianth segments, the shorter and convex (not flat) lip mid-lobe, and the yellowish-green (not purplish) spur. The new species is morphologically most similar to P. honghenensis from China, but differs most easily by the light pinkish flowers versus bronzy green to brownish flowers of the latter species. A detailed description with corresponding color photos and information on the habitat is provided. The voucher specimens have been deposited at the Herbarium of the Orchid Research Centre Tippi, Arunachal Pradesh, and the Herbarium of The Orchid Society of Eastern Himalaya (TOSEHIM), Regional Orchid Germplasm Conservation and Propagation Centre (Assam Circle), Assam.

Key Words: Flora of India, new Phalaenopsis, Phalaenopsis honghenensis, Phalaenopsis subgen. Aphyllae, P. taenialis