bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revocation at the Founding
Authors: Schuman Jacob
Published: September 2024

The Supreme Court is divided over the constitutional law of community supervision. The justices disagree about the nature of a defendant’s liberty under supervision, the rights that apply when the government punishes violations, and the relationship between parole, probation, and supervised release. These divisions came to a head in 2019’s United States v. Haymond, where the justices split 4–1–4 on whether the right to a jury trial applies to revocation of supervised release. Their opinions focused on the original understanding of the jury right at the time the Constitution was ratified.

This Article aims to settle the debate over the law of revocation at the Founding. In the late-eighteenth-century United States, there was a close legal analogue to modern community supervision: the recognizance to keep the peace or for good behavior. Like probation, parole, and supervised release, the recognizance was a term of conditional liberty imposed as part of the sentence for a crime, providing surveillance and reporting on the defendant’s behavior, with violations punishable by imprisonment. Given these similarities, the best way to determine if the original understanding of the jury right would apply to revocation proceedings today is to ask whether the common law required a jury for punishing violations of a recognizance.

Fortunately, Founding Era legal authorities make the answer to that question clear: Yes, at the time the Constitution was ratified, punishing recognizance violations required a jury trial. This requirement disappeared during the nineteenth century only due to the development of probation and parole, which changed the structure of community supervision from an additional penalty into a delayed punishment. Because supervised release is structured as a penalty, not a delay, the original understanding of the jury right would apply to revocation of supervised release, even if not to revocation of probation or parole. The law of revocation at the Founding preserves lost constitutional rights that deserve modern recognition and renewal.
Scrutinizing the Bathroom Binary: Equal Protection Theories for Nonbinary Students
Authors: Schuver Annie
Published: September 2024

Over the past decade, transgender students have challenged discriminatory school bathroom policies under the Equal Protection Clause with varying success. But another group of students, facing similar discrimination, has yet to see its day in court. Like their transgender peers, nonbinary students often lack access to gender-appropriate restrooms at school. Many K–12 schools offer only “boys” and “girls” restrooms, ignoring the needs of students who identify as neither boys nor girls, as both of those genders, or as something else entirely. Forced to use sex-segregated bathrooms (or no bathroom at all), nonbinary students suffer adverse health, safety, and educational outcomes. To illustrate pathways to relief, this Note provides an inventory of equal protection claims nonbinary students can make to challenge discriminatory bathroom policies. Each theory—alleging unconstitutional discrimination on the basis of sex, transgender status, or nonbinary status—is promising and limited in its own respect. Independently or together, these theories can support a viable equal protection challenge that triggers heightened scrutiny.
The Role of Corporate Governance in Improving the Quality of Financial Reports An Empirical Study on a Group of Commercial Banks Listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange
Authors: Bushra Hamid Hassan Al-Isami  , Mondher Fakhfakh
Published: September 2024

Corporate governance is a modern management concept that can be applied in financial markets to enhance transparency, thereby assisting investors in making informed decisions based on the financial and non-financial information published in financial reports. The primary objective of this research is to demonstrate the impact of applying corporate governance principles on the quality of financial reports of commercial banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. To address the research questions and test the study hypotheses, the researcher employed a descriptive analytical approach to elucidate the theoretical aspect through previous studies, journals, and academic theses, as well as to analyze the results of the field study and test the hypotheses using the Eviews-12 software. The study population consists of commercial banks in the Iraq Stock Exchange for the period from 2015 to 2021, with a total of 15 selected commercial banks whose shares continue to be traded in the Iraq Stock Exchange.
Leveraging Core Data for Efficient Data Storage and Retrieval in iOS Applications
Authors: Jaswanth Alahari  , Kumar Kodyvaur Krishna Murthy  , Saketh Reddy Cheruku  , A Renuka  , Prof.(Dr.) Punit Goel
Published: September 2024

Core Data is a robust framework that has the ability to assist in the management and persistence of data in an iOS application. In addition to providing speed and versatility, it provides developers with the most efficient method for managing object life cycles, data migrations, and the intricacies of relationships. An analysis of the significance of Core Data utilisation inside iOS apps for the purpose of achieving effective data storage and retrieval is presented in this abstract. It highlights characteristics such as the ability to handle very big datasets, support for complicated queries, and close connectivity with other Apple frameworks like as Spotlight and iCloud. In addition, the abstract investigates how Core Data makes the role of the developer easier by abstracting the technologies that are used for the underlying database. This enables the developer to concentrate on the business logic of the application. Core Data also offers the capability to incorporate capabilities such as undo, redo, background data processing, and batch operation, which contribute to an improved user experience. Through the use of Core Data, developers are able to design iOS apps that are capable of handling data in an effective manner, while also being scalable and maintainable over the course of time.
Literasi Edukasi Mengenai Bahaya Cyberbullying Terhadap Konsep Diri Siswa di SMA Al-Ma’aruf Cibubur
Authors:   Universitas Bakrie, Putri Dianingtyas Murtanti , Dedees Adek Risma ,   Universitas Bakrie
Published: September 2024

Current technological advancements have facilitated various aspects of life for those who utilize them. However, the use of technology, particularly in communication and various other sectors, often lacks corresponding responsibility for its impacts. One significant negative impact is the rise in cyberbullying cases, which not only causes distress but also affects the process of an individual's self-concept formation. In fact, victims of cyberbullying require considerable time to recover from its psychological effects. Considering this phenomenon, our Community Service Program (PkM) will focus on providing explanations about media literacy, specifically the dangers of cyberbullying and its effect on individual self-concept formation. The goal of this initiative is to offer guidance and education on responsible social media usage to 11th and 12th-grade students at Al’Ma’ruf High School in Cibubur, East Jakarta. Responsibility here means that every user should be aware that messages conveyed, both verbally and non-verbally, carry meanings and impacts. These messages can influence the cognitive, affective, and conative aspects of the individuals receiving them. Furthermore, to ensure the effectiveness of this activity, psychological support and effective coping strategies are essential. This support is necessary to help mitigate negative impacts and foster the recovery of a positive self-concept by implementing the Do's and Don’ts provided by facilitators, who can also serve as agents of change among their peers.
Pendampingan Studi Kelayakan untuk Pengembangan Lanjut Aplikasi Math-MBC di Yayasan Mitra Netra
Authors:   Universitas Ary Ginanjar, Kelana Bayu , Sembiring Albert Arapenta ,   Universitas Bakrie
Published: September 2024

The Mitra Netra Foundation wishes to continue the development of the existing Math Mitra Netra Braille Converter (Math-MBC) application based on several new requirements. This application can convert mathematical formulas from regular format to Braille format or vice versa. It can help visually impaired students and educators who are not familiar with Braille to conduct mathematics learning activities. The Mitra Netra Foundation needs assistance from other parties to realize its goal, including conducting a feasibility study as the initial stage of further development. This community service activity aims to assist the Mitra Netra Foundation in conducting a feasibility study for the further development of the Math-MBC application. Therefore, this activity is carried out over two months with two participants experienced in the field of assistive technology development for the visually impaired at the Mitra Netra Foundation. This activity consists of two stages: introducing the Technical, Economic, Legal, Operational, and Scheduling (TELOS) method and assisting in the feasibility study. Using the TELOS method, the feasibility study of the application development is conducted from technical, economic, legal, operational, and scheduling aspects. Based on the analysis, further development is feasible if done by another party, funded by a grant, within a minimum period of four months. The Mitra Netra Foundation is satisfied with the benefits, materials, organization, and time efficiency of this activity. This activity has provided the participants with new understanding in conducting feasibility studies for application development in the future. It also resulted in a feasibility study document for the further development of the Math-MBC application. This document can serve as a reference for the Mitra Netra Foundation to take the next steps in further developing the Math-MBC application
Double Satake Diagrams and Canonical Forms in Compact Symmetric Triads
Authors: Baba Kurando , Ikawa Osamu
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we first introduce the notion of double Satake diagrams for compact symmetric triads. In terms of this notion, we give an alternative proof for the classification theorem for compact symmetric triads, which was originally given by Toshihiko Matsuki. Secondly, we introduce the notion of canonical forms for compact symmetric triads, and prove the existence of canonical forms for compact simple symmetric triads. We also give some properties for canonical forms.
A Localized Approach to Generalized Turán Problems
Authors: Kirsch Rachel , Nir JD
Published: September 2024

Generalized Turán problems ask for the maximum number of copies of a graph $H$ in an $n$-vertex, $F$-free graph, denoted by $ex(n,H,F)$. We show how to extend the new, localized approach of Bradač, Malec, and Tompkins to generalized Turán problems. We weight the copies of $H$ (typically taking $H=K_t$), instead of the edges, based on the size of the largest clique, path, or star containing the vertices of the copy of $H$, and in each case prove a tight upper bound on the sum of the weights. The generalized edge Turán number $mex(m,H,F)$ is the maximum number of copies of a graph $H$ in an $m$-edge, $F$-free graph. A consequence of our new localized theorems is an asymptotic determination of $ex(n,H,K_{1,r})$ for every $H$ having at least one dominating vertex and $mex(m,H,K_{1,r})$ for every $H$ having at least two dominating vertices.
Minimum Degree Threshold for $H$-factors with High Discrepancy
Authors: Bradač Domagoj , Christoph Micha , Gishboliner Lior
Published: September 2024

Given a graph $H$, a perfect $H$-factor in a graph $G$ is a collection of vertex-disjoint copies of $H$ spanning $G$. Kühn and Osthus showed that the minimum degree threshold for a graph $G$ to contain a perfect $H$-factor is either given by $1-1/\chi(H)$ or by $1-1/\chi_{cr}(H)$ depending on certain natural divisibility considerations. Given a graph $G$ of order $n$, a $2$-edge-coloring of $G$ and a subgraph $G'$ of $G$, we say that $G'$ has high discrepancy if it contains significantly (linear in $n$) more edges of one color than the other. Balogh, Csaba, Pluhár and Treglown asked for the minimum degree threshold guaranteeing that every 2-edge-coloring of $G$ has an $H$-factor with high discrepancy and they settled the case where $H$ is a clique. Here we completely resolve this question by determining the minimum degree threshold for high discrepancy of $H$-factors for every graph $H$.
Improved Lower Bound for Frankl’s Union-Closed Sets Conjecture
Authors: Alweiss Ryan , Huang Brice , Sellke Mark
Published: September 2024

We verify an explicit inequality conjectured in [Gilmer, 2022, arXiv:2211.09055], thus proving that for any nonempty union-closed family $\mathcal{F} \subseteq 2^{[n]}$, some $i\in [n]$ is contained in at least a $\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2} \approx 0.38$ fraction of the sets in $\mathcal{F} \$. One case, an explicit one-variable inequality, is checked by computer calculation.
Automation System For Water Leakage Detection With PLC Omron and Arduino Uno and HMI NB10-TW01 Direct Digital Bit 8 Binary I/O
Authors: Desmayadi Desmayadi , Taryo Taswanda , Sofwan Agus , Vidawati Sri
Published: September 2024

Abstract
There are many challenges in operating a multi-story building so the building can operate well. One potential problem that has a serious risk of damaging assets and even causing disruption to building operations is water leaks. To detect the impact of leaks from water installations, a detection system is needed that can provide specific information about the location of the leak to the building control center. This system uses a water detector as detection and a digital direct bit module as 8-bit input to the PLC Omron CPM2A, then the PLC will send an 8-bit digital direct output signal to the Arduino Uno module and a graphic visualization display using the Omron NB10-TW001 HMI. This research method is to design hardware and software. Testing the accuracy of input and output (I/O) signals, testing detectors, power supplies, and relay modules. From the research results, it was found that the input and output signals correspond to the 8 I/O bits, namely 00000000 - 11111111 which are processed by the PLC and Arduino, the performance of the Water Detector functions well as proven by the functioning of the CRM.
Keyword: Programmable Logic Controller (PLC); Water Detector (WD); Channel Relay Module (CRM); Human Machine Interface (HMI); Arduino Uno; Digital Direct Bit.
Desain Dan Realisasi Bandpass Filter 5G Rejection Bandpass Filter Pada Frekuensi 3,7 - 4,2 Ghz
Authors: Nasution Parlaungan , Krisnadi Iwan , Sofwan Agus
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fifth Generation, commonly referred to as 5G Technology, is an advanced technology from 4G. 5G technology is considered an effective technology to support the ongoing IoT era and also industry 4.0. The 5G wireless network standard has evolved into the most advanced technology today. Some who have adopted 5G technology include Smart Cities, Internet of Things (IoT). Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine to Machine (M2M) communications on a large scale will utilize the 5G wireless system, so that various requirements will be determined on the network regarding device cost, reliability, energy consumption, latency, and so on. The development of 5G networks is based on New Radio (NR) technology developed by 3GPP as a guide for interfaces to 5G technology.
The 5G network system is built quantitatively with the performance parameters determined by ITU-R on 5G technology through IMT-2020. Development of 5G network systems according to future needs and services.
The mid-band frequency that will be proposed for the use of the 5G technology frequency is at
3.5 GHz, but this frequency is also used by several satellite communication system operators in Indonesia. Based on the results of the 2019 World Radio Congress, Indonesia received a frequency range of 3500 – 3600 MHz for IMT-Systems (including 5G technology). In fact, based on research conducted by the GSMA, most countries in the Southeast Asian region use the 3400 – 3700 MHz frequency range for the use of satellite communication systems.
The trial 5G Frequency Band is n78 (3GPP), namely 3400-3600 MHz, while the current Frequency Band is FSS Ext C-band and C-band, namely 3400-4200
The results of this bandpass filter can pass signals at a frequency of 3.7-4.2 GHz and has a bandwidth of 38 MHz, has a VSWR of 1.28, insertion loss of -3.76 dB and return loss of -
28.293 dB
Keywords : 5G, C Band, Bandpass filter
Analisis Perbandingan Performa Menggunakan Elektronik Control Unit (Ecu) Standar dan Ecu Racing (Brt Juken 5+) pada Sepeda Motor Mesin K56 E1 Dohc 4 Langkah 150cc
Authors: Setiadi Bambang , Permana Yuga Rizki , Hadi Veriah
Published: September 2024

Perkembangan teknologi bidang otomotif mendorong manusia untuk menciptakan berbagai inovasi, salah satunya berupa alat transportasi yaitu kendaraan sepeda motor. Banyaknya perusahaan otomotif yang mengeluarkan berbagai jenis sepeda motor, mulai dari konvensional menggunakan system karburator sampai dengan teknologi terbaru yaitu sistem EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection) . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan performa menggunakan Elektronic Control unit ( ECU ) Standar dan ECU Racing ( BRT JUKEN 5+ ) pada sepeda motor dengan mesin K56 E1 DOHC 4 Langkah 150CC dengan melakukan pengujian Torsi, Daya, Air Fuel Ratio dan kemudian menganalisa konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik. ECU diuji pada Sepeda Motor Dengan Mesin K56 E1 DOHC 4 Langkah 150CC dengan menggunakan Dynotest, yang terhubung dengan komputeruntuk mendapatkan dan  mencatat grafik hasil perbandingan daya dan torsi dari ECU. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Daya maksimum pada ECU Racing  17,72 kW pada 9.420 RPM Sedangkan Daya maksimum pada ECU Standar sebesar 17,41 kW pada 9.450 RPM. Torsi maksimum pada ECU Racing 11.51 Nm pada 6.970 RPM Sedangkan Torsi maksimum pada ECU Standar sebesar 10,95 Nm pada 7,390 RPM dan Hasil Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) maksimum pada ECU Racing 16.58 : 1 pada 11.760 RPM Sedangkan Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) maksimum pada Elektronic Control unit ( ECU ) Standar sebesar 20.00 : 1 pada 4.430 RPM.
Modifikasi Mesin Produksi Automatic Vacuum Thermoforming untuk Material Plastik Roll Industri 4.0
Authors: Darmawan Rifki , Ismawan Ade Reza , Febriansyah M , Budyprakoso Evans
Published: September 2024

Tahun 2024 sudah memasuki era industry 4.0 yang mana perkembangan teknologi industri tidak hanya mencakup kontrol otomatisasi tetapi juga mencakup pengendalian dan pengawasan secara online. Penulis mencoba untuk menjawab tantangan ini melalui karya ilmiah yang memodifikasi mesin produksi Vacuum Thermoforming yang produknya sangat banyak dipakai oleh masyarakat. Modifikasi ini menggunakan 2 metode percobaan yaitu simulasi saat mesin ini berproduksi, dan simulasi pengendalian dan monitoring mesin ini dari Handphone maupun website. Simulasi mesin ini berproduksi menggunakan software CAD SolidWorks 2016 dan add on SolidWorks Motion Analisys. Sedangkan untuk percobaan pengendalian dan monitoring mesin ini menggunakan HMI Haiwell B7H. Hasil dari penelitian ini yang penulis arahkan pada 7 sasaran aspek. Durasi produksi menjadi lebih cepat dari semula untuk 1 mold membutuhkan 29 detik, menjadi 26 detik. Kapasitas produksi meningkat dari 112 mold/jam menjadi 138 mold/jam. Gerak operator menjadi lebih sedikit dan bisa bekerja sambil duduk. Laporan Produksi bisa terpantau secara online dan real time karena peran HMI-SCADA. Kontrol mesin bisa dilakukan dari jarak jauh oleh supervisor dengan handphone. Cost HPP (harga pokok produksi) menurun dari yang semula sebesar Rp. 18.687,839 menjadi Rp. 18.599,879. Biaya operasional untuk 1 mesin thermofoming ini menurun sebesar Rp. 318.895,238 per hari. Dari sini, dapat disimpulkan pemanfaatan sumber daya teknologi di era industri 4.0 dapat menghemat biaya operasional produksi karena jalannya produksi dapat lebih cepat dan terkontrol, dari hasil modifikasi tersebut terjadi peningkatan kapasitas yang cukup signifikan sebesar 23,21 %
Kata Kunci : Packaging Machine, Modifikasi, Thermoforming, Rigid Packaging, Otomasi
Evaluasi Back Analysis Daya Dukung Pondasi Tiang Berdasarkan Hasil Loading Test dan Pile Driving Analyzer
Authors: Ibrahim Marco , Alatas Idrus , Taufik Syahril
Published: September 2024

Pemancangan tiang dalam beberapa kasus mencapai tanah keras harus melalui lapisan tanah lempung terlebih dahulu sehingga dalam menghitung daya dukung, tiang pancang mengalami proses friction sebelum mencapai tanah keras, maka dalam menghitung daya dukung ultimit digunakan analisis berdasarkan tahanan ujung (end bearing) maupun perlekatan tanah (friction). Metode perhitungan daya dukung tiang dapat digunakan dengan metode Reese-Wright, Mayerhoff, atau Janbu. Dalam merencanakan suatu pondasi tiang, menentukan daya dukung rencana yang harus dicapai oleh setiap tiang dalam menopang beban di atasnya. Pengujian tiang pondasi diperlukan sebagai quality insurance bahwa daya dukung tiang pondasi di lapangan memenuhi daya dukung yang direncanakan, dengan uji beban skala penuh Static Loading Test (SLT) dan metode dinamik Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA). Hasil faktor koreksi (friksi dan end bearing) dari estimasi daya dukung pondasi, melalu analisa balik (back analyisis) hasil pengujian beban di lapangan. yaitu Loading Test dan Pile Driving Analyzer didapatkan untuk tiang pancang beton prestressed sebesar 12,5% - 17,5%. dan untuk bored pile adalah sebesar 17,5% - 22,5% yang perlu ditambahkan pada prosentasi komponen tahanan friksi. Evaluasi faktor koreksi terhadap rumus daya dukung dengan menggunakan komposisi friksi dan end bearing pada data aktual PDA dengan komposisi antar tiang pancang dan bored pile tidak berbeda secara signifikan. Untuk friksi pada tiang pancang cukup dominan, sedangkan pada bored pile dengan kedalaman lebih dari dua kali lipat didapatkan end bearing sangat dominan dibandingkan tahanan friksi.
Kata Kunci: Axial Loading Test, Pile Driving Analyzer, Data Tanah, Friksi, End Bearing
Perbandingan Metode Backpropagation dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dalam Penentuan Kinerja Dosen
Authors: Nurrahmi Herly , Supiyanti Tri Fajar Yurmama , Suhaili Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Pengambilan suatu keputusan adalah bukan suatu perihal yang mudah dikarenakan setiap keputusan yang dibuat dan dilakukan oleh seseorang harus mempertimbangkan suatu resiko yang akan ditanggung. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) merupakan suatu sistem dimana yang memanfatkan penggunaan komputer dalam setiap proses pengambilan keputusan. Pencapaian dari tujuan pembelajaran yang telah ditetapkan atau baru dicapai tergantung pada kemampuan sumber daya manusia (dosen) didalam menjalankan tugas-tugasnya. Untuk dapat mengenali kemampuan dan potensi seorang dosen atas hasil kerjanya, maka sebuah perguruan tinggi harus memiliki sebuah sistem penilaian untuk mendukung keputusan dalam menentukan kinerja seorang dosen. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan metode yang memiliki nilai akurasi tinggi dengan membandingkan metode backpropagation dengan metode analytical hirarki Diagram (AHP) sehingga akan didapatkan metode yang akurasi tinggi dan cepat untuk menentukan kinerja dosen dalam pemanfataan pembelajaran daring. Untuk kriteria yang digunakan pada metode ini adalah kriteria absensi, performance, opportunity, dan integritas. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapat metode backpropagation memiliki akurasi yang tinggi dari pada metode analytical hirarki Diagram (AHP). Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah pembobotan yang telah dilakukan oleh masing-masing kriteria dengan menggunakan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan backpropagation menghasilkan solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk mendukung keputusan untuk menentukan kinerja dosen.
Kata Kunci: Backpropagation,  AHP, Kinerja, Dosen
A Cross Sectional Study to Determine the Prevalence of Tobacco Usage Among Adult Population Of Kodagu District.
Authors: Hoolageri Mahesh S , K Kruthika , Kotabal Rajashree , Jayashree S
Published: September 2024

Background: Use of tobacco constitutes the single largest source of preventable deaths worldwide, accounting for over 7 million deaths on a yearly basis. The economic impact of tobacco consumption is enormous, yet tobacco remains the most widely available and legally purchasable addictive substance. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among households aged 15 and above who are staying at Kodagu district. Results: Majority of the study population are between the age group of 26-35 years. 26% of the study populations are daily smokers, around 24% of the study population used smokeless tobacco daily and television was the major source of information of dangers of smoking cigarettes. 87% of study population noticed health warnings on cigarette packages. Conclusion: Tobacco use in India is clearly a big burden in terms of its magnitude and use in different forms. The higher prevalence of tobacco use was noticed among males and the uneducated people. As these people even lack the resources to combat the morbidity associated with tobacco use. Recommendations: Investment in tobacco control media campaigns needs to be enhanced and implementation of the tobacco-free film and television policy needs to be further strengthened and continued. Efforts should be made to make the warning labels more impact full by providing information leaflets about diseases caused by tobacco, including cancer, stroke, heart disease, lung disease etc.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction Among Young Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Punjab- A Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Singh Riya , Bhatia Jagriti , Singh Rakendra , Kumar Arman , Kataria Riya
Published: September 2024

Background: -Cardiovascular diseases, particularly myocardial infarction (MI), are a major global health concern, with a rising incidence among younger populations. MI is a result of inadequate oxygen supply to the heart, often exacerbated by thrombus formation in coronary arteries due to atherosclerotic plaque deposition. Risk factors include obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and familial predisposition. Early detection and intervention are crucial for improving prognosis and reducing mortality rates. Treatment strategies include pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications, with lifestyle interventions promoting physical activity and dietary changes.
 
Aim- To determine the incidence and risk factors of Myocardial infarction among young adults.
 
Methodology- This study investigated the prevalence and causes of myocardial infarction (MI) among patients admitted to the Department of Medicine at Adesh Hospital, Bathinda, Punjab. The sample size was 130, with participants being patients aged 18 and above, exhibiting cardiac manifestations, and providing consent for study participation. Data collection involved interactions with MI patients and their relatives, recording demographic information, smoking, and presenting symptoms. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 28, with Chi square used for statistical significance. All data were collected after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee.
 
Result -The study involved 131 patients diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction (MI) at AIMSR, with 78.6% being males and a mean age of 56 ± 10.8 years. 15.2% of patients were young adults (<45 years). Risk factors included smoking, a positive family history of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes. Symptoms included chest pain, shortness of breath, and palpitations.
 
Conclusion- study emphasizes the rising incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) among young adults, attributing it to factors such as smoking, socioeconomic status, rural residency, and comorbid conditions. It advocates for lifestyle changes, smoking cessation initiatives, and better healthcare access to mitigate this burden. Additionally, it calls for larger-scale studies to confirm these findings and develop tailored interventions for preventing and managing MI in young individuals.
Laboratory Protocol And Development Of Biorepository For Epidemiological, Rural DERVAN Cohort Study In KONKAN Region Of India (DERVAN-2)
Authors: Patil SN  , Patil N  , Bhat P  , Nandoskar A  , Bhat R  , Yadav A  , Nilawar A
Published: September 2024

Background
According to Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis the seeds of adult non communicable diseases like diabetes, hypertension and cancer are sown in foetal life. DERVAN cohort is a longitudinal study launched recently in the KOKAN region of Western Indian state of Maharashtra.  It plans to recruit more than 1500 adolescents girls aged (16-18y) as well as their parents. At base line it plans to measure various analytes in the blood, saliva and urine which together with additional data such as body composition, cognition, and socioeconomics will provide the baseline health status of adolescent girls. Since we plan to follow the subjects systematically for next 20 years where more biological samples are expected to be collected. Hence the development of biorepository forms a critical component of our study. We have measured biochemical, nutritional (micronutrients), hormones, trace elements in adolescent girls from longitudinal DERVAN cohort and setup biorepository.
Methods: At base line 36 ml of blood, urine and saliva in fasting state are collected from girls. We are also collecting blood (20 ml), urine, saliva in random state from both the parents. In addition some analytes are measured immediately and remaining samples (30 aliquotes for girls, 12 aliquotes for each parent) are stored in -80oC freezer. All the samples are collected at research centre to ensure quality and longevity. External as well as internal quality control protocols are followed.Study recruitment began in June 2019. We have recruited 586 subjects upto March 2021. Bio repository has been setup for long term storage.
Conclusion: The protocol adopted by us has been found to be working smoothly and can guide many researchers working in resource limited settings.
Exploring the Hormonal Profiles of Beedi-Rolling Women and Unravelling Health Implications
Authors: Penagaluru Pardhanandana Reddy , Baluka Vanitha  , Busarapu Manideep  , Shehnaz Sultana  , Lakkampelly Madhuri , Chiliveri Prashanth
Published: September 2024

Background: In the rural regions of Telangana State, many women are actively involved in the occupation of beedi rolling. Cigarette smoke either active or passive exerts deleterious effects on reproductive organs and function by means of both direct toxic influences, termed ovotoxicity, and the reduction of hormone secretion.
Methods: The study involved a cohort of 320 women employed as beedi rollers and 280 women with no occupational exposure to chemicals for comparison. Serum samples were used to estimate the levels of Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, luteinizing hormone, T3, T4 and TSH using Sandwich and competitive ELISA methods.
Conclusion:  The findings of the current study unveiled compelling statistical significance in the levels of estrogen, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), T3 and T4. In conclusion, our study reveals a noteworthy correlation between beedi rolling and alterations in hormonal profiles of rural women in Telangana.
The Study Of Raised Renal Parameters And Their Effect On Maternal And Foetal Outcome In Preeclampsia
Authors: Pilli Monika Deepthi  , Anuradha  , B.Anil Kumar  , K.V. Phani Madhavi
Published: September 2024

Background: Pregnancy in with raised renal parameters was considered high risk but the degree of this risk is unclear. Hence the present study was done to study the effect of raised renal parameters among women with pre-eclampsia on adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
Methodology: A Case -Control study was conducted among Among 100 patients of Pre-eclampsia,50 patients of Pre-eclampsia with raised renal parameters were included in the study group as cases and 50 matched preeclamptic patients with normal renal parameters were chosen as controls for the study. Matching was done with respect to certain variables like age group, gestational age, gravida and associated co-morbid condition (Pre-Eclampsia) to avoid bias, for a period of one year to study the effect of altered renal function tests on maternal and fetal outcome in preeclampsia.
Results: Compared to women in the control group, women in the study group had 3.7 times increased odds of preterm delivery (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.0-15.2) and 2.4 times increased odds of delivery via caesarean section (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.09-5.4). Women in the study group was also associated with two-fold increased odds of low birth weight (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.5-9.6). Raised renal parameters among pre-eclamptic women was not associated with increased risk of maternal death in the present study.
Conclusion: Raised / abnormal renal parameters in pregnancy is independently associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes when other variables and a comorbid condition (Pre-eclampsia) was controlled by matching.
Epilepsy And Interictal Psychopathology
Authors: Palak Talwar  , Shilpa  , Abhishek Goyat
Published: September 2024

Patients with epilepsy may experience psychiatric symptoms preceding the seizure (pre-ictal), following the seizure (post-ictal), independently of seizure occurrence (interictal), or as an expression of the seizure (ictal). Compared to interictal, peri-ictal psychiatric symptoms are less investigated and recognized. However, they contribute substantially to disability and distress among people with epilepsy. The relationship between interictal and peri-ictal symptoms is still largely unknown but it seems that they are intimately related in epilepsy. Greater appreciation and understanding of the peri-ictal period is clinically important, providing a model for understanding basic mechanisms underlying mood and thought disorders and the substrates of cognition, volition, emotion, and consciousness. The present paper is aimed at reviewing major psychiatric symptoms that may occur around the ictus with special attention to clinical descriptions and relationships with interictal psychopathology.
Auditory Stimulation In Auditory Maturation Delay- A Case Study
Authors: Mathew Nishanth A  , Steven Michael J  , Anusha Rao S  , Jaya Lakshmi P B
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
 Auditory deﬁciencies have profound implications for the development of communication abilities, social exchange, and cognitive skills. Although advances in technological instrumentation have decreased the age at which it is possible to detect auditory deﬁcits, an absence of electrophysiological or behavioural reaction to sound does not always reﬂect auditory loss in younger children.
Aim of the study:
To profile audiological findings of a child with auditory maturation delay associated with Chudley McCullough Syndrome post auditory stimulation.
Method:
An extensive audiological evaluation, comprising Behavioral Observation Audiometry, Immittance Audiometry, Oto- Acoustic emission, Auditory Brainstem Response, and Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials, was performed on a 6-month-old infant. After the audiological evaluation, the infant received auditory stimulation for two months. A comparable audiological assessment was conducted after auditory training.
Results:
The infant was diagnosed to have severe to profound hearing loss in both ears with noticeable cochlear microphonics in ABR on pre stimulation testing. As a result, he was recommended and had undergone auditory stimulation for two months. Audiological testing post auditory stimulation revealed significant improvements in auditory responses and noticeable betterment in auditory thresholds.
Conclusion:
Detailed audiological test battery is necessary in determining auditory maturation delay. Intensive auditory stimulation should be provided before concluding on the auditory management.
Prevalence And Factors Influencing Pursuit Of Higher Education Abroad Among Medical Interns In India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Robert Gill Rodel , Priyanka Devgun  , Manisha Nagpal
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Every year thousands of medical graduates go abroad to pursue higher education after completing MBBS from India. This consistent rush of medical graduates abroad can have negative impact on India’s health care.  This study is conducted to find the prevalence of intention among medical interns to pursue higher education abroad and to identify the factors influencing the pursuit of higher education abroad.
METHODS: Ethical Clearance: Institutional ethical clearance was given on May 11, 2023 vide letter no. SGRD/IEC/2023-190. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Study Population- MBBS Interns of medical colleges in India. Study Tool - Predesigned and Pretested questionnaire. Data Collection Procedure: Questionnaire was shared through google forms in specific social whatsapp groups. Data Collection Duration : Google forms were circulated on 1st June 2023, closed on  1st July 2023.Total 417 interns who filled the google forms were included in study. Statistical Analysis: Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were used to arrive at valid conclusions.
CONCLUSION: Lower educational costs, greater stipends, less competition for admission, better healthcare facilities, opportunities for personal improvement and better career options emerged as major influencing factors for pursuit of higher education abroad.
Assessing Knowledge And Functionality Of Village Health Sanitation And Nutrition Committees In India: A Mixed-Method Research
Authors: Sharma Shantanu , Pandey Rohit , Jena Surendra Kumar , Mehra Sunil
Published: September 2024

Background: Studies have highlighted lacunae in the effective implementation of Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committees (VHSNC) in India. The present study aimed to evaluate the routine functioning of VHSNC in two districts of Odisha.
Methods: Our study included mixed-method research. The members of 467 VHSNCs were interviewed in two districts. The quantitative data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Besides, we did 18 focus group discussions and 3 in-depth interviews to obtain the perceptions of the members of VHNSCs on the needs of the communities and the challenges.
Conclusions: VHSNC is an effective mechanism of health governance, but there are challenges, such as a lack of knowledge about the functioning of its members, irregular meetings, delayed funds or improper documentation, and ineffective supervision. A comprehensive model of VHSNC implementation needs to be developed and delivered with continuous monitoring to make them function effectively.
Quantifying Psychological Distress: Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression of 136 Participants using GAD-7 and PHQ-9 Scales
Authors: Gowri Nambiar Sengupta  , Sanjana Palakodeti  , Batra Devisha , Bawa Nayamat , Dawar Shipra
Published: September 2024

Background: The global health burden has surged due to a significant rise in anxiety and depression cases. In India, pandemic-related factors caused an increase in depression and anxiety levels. Various studies highlight the lifetime prevalence of these mental health disorders.
It is essential to identify and monitor depression and anxiety symptoms in individuals across age groups. This study aims to gain insight into anxiety and depression prevalence by utilizing Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to assess symptoms and their correlation with age and gender.
Methods: 
A total of 136 individuals, both male and female, completed PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in a self-report format. Data was collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Charts and graphs aided data interpretation.
Conclusion:
Results revealed correlations between age and anxiety or depression severity. Younger age groups consistently reported higher symptom levels than older individuals. Tailored mental health interventions considering age and gender dynamics are crucial, like severe symptom intervention for ages '18-24,' addressing severe anxiety and depression in the '25-44' group, and implementing prevention initiatives for the '45 and above' group.
A Comparison of Fetomaternal Outcomes of Spontaneous and Induced Labour amongNulliparous Women: A Cross-sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Manipur, India
Authors: Suhana Parveen  , Yanal Umar A
Published: September 2024

Background: Labour induction is one of the most commonly done obstetric interventions. Due to rise in incidence of induced labour it is important to weigh in the associated fetomaternal complications. This study was undertaken to compare fetomaternal outcomes of spontaneous and induced labour among nulliparous women in a tertiary care hospital in Manipur. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 nulliparous women admitted in the hospital. Convenience sampling was done. A pre-designed proforma was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage was used to summarise the data. Chi-square test and t test was used to check for association between variables of interest. Results: A total of 340 nulliparous women were included in the study, out of which 170 underwent spontaneous labour and 170 underwent induced labour. The most common indication for labour induction was post-dated pregnancy (n=84, 49.4%). The babies of women who underwent induced labour were more likely to have APGAR score <7 (P=0.041) and were more likely to have NICU admission (P=0.027) compared to babies of women who underwent spontaneous labour. There was no significant association between type of labour and maternal outcomes. Conclusion: Babies born by induced labour were more likely to have a low APGAR score and require NICU admission. Induction of labour should only be carried out when benefits of delivery outweigh the risk of continuing the pregnancy.
Digital Hygiene: Need Of The Hour In View Of Mounting Screen Time Among 0-4 Years Children.
Authors: Ranjeet AC  , Shruti Kardalkar
Published: September 2024

Introduction: To grow up healthy, children need to sit less and play more. Children 0-4years must spend less time sitting watching screens, or restrained in prams and seats, get better quality sleep and have more time for active play if they are to grow up healthy, according to new guidelines issued by the World Health Organization (WHO).The objective of the study wasto determine the prevalence and factors responsible for excessive T in children.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among children aged 0-4 years for a period of six months in a tertiary care hospital of Karnataka, India. Data was collected through a self-reported pre-designed and pre-tested, questionnaire distributed to mothersof children. Microsoft excel 2010 was used for data entry and SPSS v 27for analysis. Statistical significance was assessed at 5% level of significance (p value <0.05)
Results: A total of 177 study participants were interviewed for the study. Maximum were 3-4years and majority belonged to class II and class III socio-economic status. Among the total of 177 study participants, 59 (33.33%) were following the screen viewing time recommended as per WHO and 118 (66.67%) children were exposed to excessive screen time. Majority were 2-4years children who had excess screen viewingtime (76.27%). The significant factors were children residing in joint families, not having siblings and more than three screen devices at home (p<0.05)
Conclusion: More than 60% of under five children are exposed to excess screen viewing time. What we really need to do is bring back play for children. The magnifying screen time activity in early childhood is an emerging issue of digital age linked with negative physical, mental and social impact.
Efficient one-step synthesis of diarylacetic acids by electrochemical direct carboxylation of diarylmethanol compounds in DMSO
Authors: Senboku Hisanori , Hayama Mizuki
Published: September 2024

An efficient one-step synthesis of diarylacetic acids was successfully performed by electrochemical direct carboxylation of diarylmethanol compounds in DMSO. Constant-current electrolysis of diarylmethanol species in DMSO using a one-compartment cell equipped with a Pt cathode and a Mg anode in the presence of carbon dioxide induced reductive C(sp3)−O bond cleavage at the benzylic position in diarylmethanol compounds and subsequent fixation of carbon dioxide to produce diarylacetic acids in good yield. This protocol provides a novel and simple approach to diarylacetic acids from diarylmethanol species and carbon dioxide without transformation of the hydroxy group into appropriate leaving groups, such as halides and esters including carbonates.
6.Sınıf Türkçe Ortak Sınavının Cinsiyete ve Okul Coğrafyasına Göre Ölçme Değişmezliğinin İncelenmesi: Niğde İli Örneği
Authors: Boduroğlu Erdem , Koç Oğuz , Ekinay Hüseyin
Published: September 2024

İllerde kurulan Ölçme Değerlendirme Merkezleri aracılığıyla son dönemlerde farklı sınıf düzeylerinde bazı sınavlar il genelinde ortak sınav şeklinde yapılmaktadır. Bu sınavların güvenirlik ve geçerliğinin artırılması amacıyla atılacak adımlar önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmada da Niğde ilinde 6.Sınıf düzeyinde yürütülen Türkçe dersi ortak sınavının cinsiyet ve okul coğrafyasına göre ölçme değişmezliğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılında 6.sınıf Türkçe sınavına katılan 5032 öğrenci araştırma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda Türkçe dersi ortak sınavının hem cinsiyete hem de coğrafyasına göre güçlü değişmezlik sağladığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sayede gruplar arasındaki ortalama farklılıkların ölçülen örtük özellikteki gerçek farklılıktan kaynaklandığı ifade edilebilir.
The Relationship Between Intimate Partner Violence and PTSD in Women Survivors and the Influence of Risk Factors: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Konstantopoulou Georgia , Hartoumpeki Konstantina , Mavroeidi Eleni , Mentis Manolis Nikolaos
Published: September 2024

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is associated with traumatic experiences stemming from traumatic situations such as war conflicts, accidents and natural disasters, while it thrives in abusive situations. In the context of partner relationship abuse, female survivors make up a high proportion of people with PTSD. This systematic literature review aims to investigate the relationship between PTSD and Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in female survivors and examine the risk factors which may play a role in the development of PTSD in women IPV survivors. Following the PRISMA 2020 writing protocol, this study collected research in order to present the impact of Intimate Partner Violence on PTSD. The findings highlighted a positive correlation between partner violence and PTSD and between PTSD and risk factors such as brain injury, low self-confidence, history of child abuse, negative social reactions, lack of resources and insecure attachment bonds. The negative consequences of Intimate Partner Violence manifest both on women's mental and physical health and there is often comorbidity between mental disorders such as depression, and physical health problems such as chronic pain and injuries.