bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The human thinking and mind, information and thermodynamics
Authors: Butorina A. V , Arkharov A. M , Smorodin A. I , Nesterov S. B
Published: September 2022

«Nothing happens accidentally» - the scientists often say. The crisis of science requires new ideas and approaches, which can ensure not only the further development of science itself, but also the solution of the problems of the optimal existence and coexistence of a man and the humanity in this vast world. The change of worldviews, scientific paradigms doesn’t always run smoothly, but the motion is inevitable these are the laws of evolution. Only the science gives the only real ways for the further evolutionary development of the mankind. The human mind and thinking still remain a mystery to science. Science has tried many times to reveal the secrets of the human thinking, but so far this mystery has not been discovered. «Everything passes, everything changes» - said the ancients and they were right. Very likely, the only things that remained invariable were the human thinking and mind; they were and always will be a convincingly changeable and constant stimulant to the development of the mankind.
STORAGE OF FRESH COOLED MEAT IN A CONSTANT MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC FIELD
Authors: GENEL L. S , GALKIN M. L , RUKAVISHNIKOV A. M
Published: September 2022

Fresh meat is an important source of animal protein in the human diet. Therefore, it is necessary to improve constantly well-known methods and means as well as to develop new ones aimed at increasing the shelf life of such meat, in the same time keeping its consumer properties for proper nutrition of the population. The results of experimental studies by OOO “Spektroplast” and a special theoretical approach to explanation of deep mechanism (at intercellular level) of interaction of fresh meat samples with magnetic and electrostatic fields with the aim to prolonging shelf life are presented below.
CNC MACHINE TOOL SAFETY FROM THE ASPECT OF HAZARD PERCEPTION BY OPERATING PERSONNEL
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics, Brno, CZ, BLECHA PETR , MAREK JIRI ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics, Brno, CZ, BLECHA RADIM ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics, Brno, CZ, ROZEHNALOVA JANA ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics, Brno, CZ, HEINRICH PETR ,   KOVOSVIT MAS Machinetools, a.s, Sezimovo Usti, CZ, PACHER PETR ,   University of Applied Management Inc., Brno, CZ
Published: September 2022

Safety of machinery, including CNC machine tools, must be ensured in all phases of their life cycle. The operation and maintenance phase is the most important as it represents the longest period in the machine´s technical life linked to occurrence of work injuries. Every designer of a safe machine must consider also any reasonably foreseeable incorrect behaviour of the machine operator. The latest revision proposal of the Machinery Directive 2006/42/ES [EUR-LEX 2021] sets new requirements on solution of CNC machine tools safety. Aside from assessing the impact of cybersecurity on the machinery safety, the manufacturers will now have to take into account also the psychological stress arising from human-machine interaction. From the psychological point of view, the operating personnel of multifunctional CNC machine tools experience high level of stress when machining complicated and complex-shaped workpieces as the material often costs as much as 30% of the price of the machine; therefore, any mistake of the operator resulting in a nonconforming product causes high financial loss. Influence of various stressors on the operating personnel leads to their impaired concentration on the performed tasks, which may be accompanied by insufficient perception of the hazards associated with the machine operation and thus may lead to occurrence of work injuries. The presented paper discusses the factors that may put the operators of multifunctional CNC machine tools under psychological stress and analyses possible application of the virtual reality technology to assess the ability to perceive the hazards linked to such a complex machine on a group of university students representing both operators (beginners) and designers of a multifunctional CNC machine tool.
AN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION: IMPROVING PERFORMANCE OF AN OLD FORGING PRESS
Authors:   HIPAS Hydraulics and Pneumatics Co.-Design Center, IMES Sanayi Sitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, ALEMDAROGLU UFUK , GULER ZEYNEP ,   HIPAS Hydraulics and Pneumatics Co.-Design Center, IMES Sanayi Sitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, DALKIRAN FIKRET ,   HIPAS Hydraulics and Pneumatics Co.-Design Center, IMES Sanayi Sitesi, Istanbul, Turkey, GENC GARIP ,   Marmara University, Faculty of Technology, Mechatronics Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: September 2022

Forging is one of the most important production methods in applications where the disadvantages of machining are not desired. However, the possibility of micro-cracking in the material at the end of the forging process should be considered. The main constraints here are the aging of hydraulic systems and possible casting defects. Therefore, in this study, the modernized process of an old forging press with a capacity of 30000 kN was carried out. For this purpose, the capacity of the forging press has been increased by modifying a new generation pump and hydraulic accumulator group. Thus, by increasing the cycle time of the hydraulic forging press, it is known that effective forging can be performed in a shorter time (from 1.7 to 1.3 seconds). When the modernization results are examined, it is seen that the necessary forging processes can be completed before the material cools down to the critical temperature.
Control de plataforma perfiladora submarina empleando propulsores y lastres dinámicos
Authors: Morales-Aragón Isabel Pilar , Soto-Valles Fulgencio , Domingo González-Teruel Juan , Jiménez-Buendía Manuel , Torres-Sánchez Roque
Published: September 2022

La laguna del Mar Menor es una de las singularidades ecológicas más importantes del área mediterránea. Sin embargo, es un área donde confluyen muchas actividades económicas e industriales, haciendo así que la suma de los impactos de la minería, la agricultura y el desarrollo urbano alrededor de la laguna durante las últimas décadas, haya afectado considerablemente al ecosistema. Esta situación genera la motivación de este proyecto con el fin de contribuir a la recuperación del Mar Menor desde varios puntos de vista. Uno de ellos es el establecer modelos de comportamiento hidrodinámico para predecir episodios desfavorables que afectan a la laguna salada con el fin de minimizar su impacto. Para poder desarrollar estos modelos, es fundamental monitorizar de forma continua en diferentes puntos y profundidades los parámetros del agua cuya variación afecta al comportamiento general de la laguna. De este modo, surge el objetivo de este proyecto, el cual se centra en la gestión de la profundidad de plataformas de sensores sumergibles. Para ello se han desarrollado e implementado algoritmos de control utilizando un microcontrolador embebido en la propia plataforma. Estos algoritmos gestionan el ascenso y descenso de la plataforma sumergible mediante la variación del peso de la misma a través de actuadores tipo lastre combinados con impulsores dinámicos con el fin de estabilizar la plataforma a una determinada profundidad a la vez que se busca minimizar el consumo energético
POSEIDON project: objectives and preliminary results
Authors: Ávila Mario , Solis Alejandro , Sanz Pedro J. , Marín Raúl , Martí José V. , Molina Fernando , Pino Andrea , de la Cruz Marcos , Echagüe Juan
Published: September 2022

This paper is presenting preliminary results dealing with the ongoing three-year project POSEIDON (imProving underwater cOoperative manipulation by meanS of lEarnIng, augmenteD reality and wIreless cOmmunicatioNs). In fact, this Project is a sub-project inside of a bigger one, COOPERAMOS (COOPErative Resident Robots for Autonomous ManipulatiOn Subsea). The aim and specific objectives of this project are presented, as well as some preliminary results on Simulation, HRI, and communications.
State of the art in control systems for cooperative distributed mobile robots in a healthcare environment
Authors: Baiguera Tambutti Laura , Marín-Prades Raúl , Tirado-Bou Amparo , Sanz Pedro J. , Martí José V.
Published: September 2022

In this article we are presenting the state of the art in robotic control systems for healthcare environments. First, we identify the motivation and needs for healthcare robots in the state of the art, then we present an analysis of the challenges for their implementation, the existing solutions presented in literature and their limitations, and finally, our motivation and proposed future contribution in the field. The future work will involve the design of a robust robotic control system architecture for cooperative distributed systems of mobile manipulators used in hospital environments, as well as the validation of the control strategies in a simulated environment. The most promising solutions will be deployed on prototype mobile manipulators and validated in testing environments and, if possible, in real environments.
Income Generation Activities by Academics at Universities and engagement with stakeholders
Authors: Radko N.
Published: September 2022

The paper explores the effect of different stakeholders (the definition of the term "stakeholder" within this research paper is presented in the Introduction) on the income generation of the university. There is a growing focus from the research perspective and university management on the ability of universities to sustain their financial sustainability due to the shortage of financial support from the government. Adopting different instruments, university faculty is one of the vital stakeholders for generating revenues for the university via engaging with different actors. This research adopted quantitative techniques by applying secondary data on university-industry collaboration in the UK to evaluate the effect of different stakeholders on university financial positions. The results show that government and Industry are among the initial stakeholders to contribute to university financial results while the support of other actors is vital but different across university types. This research can be helpful for university managers as a guide to explain different paths of collaboration with stakeholders that can lead to different strategies to increase university income.
Political and Legal Framework of the International Information Security
Authors: Boyko S.
Published: September 2022

The article covers the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of international information security. The purpose of the study is to identify the key directions for strengthening international cooperation in the area of information security. The article examines the state of bilateral cooperation on international information security issues in particular on the example of the Agreement between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China on cooperation in the field of international information security. The article analyzes Russian initiatives put forward in regional and multilateral organizations. Thus, special attention is paid to cooperation within BRICS, the SCO, the CSTO and ASEAN. Regional and interregional interaction in this area increases stability and security of the respective regions, taking into account the national interests of the parties involved. The article also studies the Russian projects promoted at the global level, namely, the UN General Assembly resolutions adopted by the initiative of the Russian Federation. Russia and its partners contributed to the adoption of a set of 13 international rules, principles and norms of responsible behavior of states in the information space. Convocation of an Open-Ended Working Group, whose mandate has been extended until 2025, has become an important contribution of Russia to institutionalization of the profile discussion mechanism within the UN. The author concludes that Russian projects and cooperation agreements reached can foster the development of political and legal framework of the international information security system. The focus on promoting the formation of such a system is confirmed by the updated Basic principles of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the field of international information security. However, these initiatives are not exhaustive. Therefore, the formation of such a system requires the efforts of the entire world community.
Adoption of Clear Convincing Evidence in Hong Kong
Authors: Chen Max Hua
Published: September 2022

Drawing from overseas practices, namely the law in England & Wales (E&W) and the law in the United States (US), this article will critically discuss whether a higher standard of proof of ‘clear and convincing evidence (CCE) should be adopted in non-criminal proceedings in Hong Kong (HK), and if so, in what types of cases. Consequently, because the 'balance of probabilities ("BOP") and 'beyond reasonable doubt' ('BRD') standards have themselves proved to be highly complex, and jurors have found these standards even more complicated to understand, the introduction of an intermediate CCE standard would invariably lead to even more complexity and misunderstanding in the current HK evidentiary system applicable to non-criminal proceedings. This is precisely the opposite of what the HK evidentiary system needs now. Whilst a higher CCE standard of proof could in principle be adopted within HK, for instance, in cases where due process principles may potentially be invoked, unless the such standard is conceptually or empirically justified based on irreproachable evidence, it would represent an arbitrary re-allocation of evidentiary standards.
Seguridad Alimentaria: Hambre, Pandemia y Pobreza, Retos de los Estados Actuales
Authors: Carreño Dueñas Dalia , Sepúlveda López Myriam , Piñeros Cortés Carlos Alberto , Duque Ayala Corina
Published: September 2022

Este artículo de investigación aborda desde la metodología hermenéutica documental, la proble- mática del hambre en el mundo, de manera especial en algunas regiones empobrecidas, en países de la periferia, que tienen dificultades para el logro de satisfacer una de las necesidades vitales de cual- quier ciudadano. Las cifras de quienes padecen hambre son alarmantes, quizás escandalosos; además que han aumentado con la pandemia del Cov19, y con ello se han frenado los esfuerzos por erradicar este mal, que organismos multilaterales como la ONU, FAO, UNICEF, han logrado recoger a través de voluntades, políticas y compromisos a nivel global, concentrados estos en los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM), y en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). Cabe señalar dentro de esta problemática, por la dimensión ética y solidaria la magnitud del desperdicio de comida, como corres- ponsabilidad de todos, en la lucha contra la inseguridad alimentaria.
Violencia Sexual hacia la Mujer en el Marco del Macrocaso 001: El Cuerpo como Escenario de Conflicto, Auto No 19 de 2021
Authors: Delgado Rueda Leidi Juliana
Published: September 2022

Este es un artículo científico de tipo analítico y reflexivo para lo cual se hizo una exegesis de la normatividad de carácter Internacional, Jurisprudencia, las leyes, el Auto No 19 de 2021 y demás artí- culos científicos relacionados con la violencia sexual hacia la mujer. A partir de ello se observó el pronunciamiento de la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP), sobre los seis (6) casos más relevantes de violencia sexual por parte la guerrilla de las FARC-EP enunciados en el Auto No 19 de 2021. En el tema investigado se observó que este grupo guerrillero, ejerció poder y control sobre el cuerpo de las mujeres víctimas del secuestro, a partir de sus comportamientos crueles e inhumanos con el fin último de lograr sus propósitos terroristas.
Repercusiones del Desminado Humanitario en el Acuerdo de Paz en Colombia: una Mirada desde el Departamento de Antioquia
Authors: Ballesteros More María Constanza , Sánchez Giraldo Cristhian Fernando , Alfaro Vera Lina María
Published: September 2022

En el contexto actual y el avance en la implementación del acuerdo de Paz entre el Gobierno de Colombia y las FARC-EP se ha visto afectada la sociedad civil en especial del área rural, esto se puede evidenciar en el incumplimiento a las disposiciones finales de convenciones internacionales y nacionales que precedieron al establecimiento de las conversaciones de paz con las FARC-EP en la Habana, Cuba y, de manera posterior a la ratificación y ajustes al acuerdo del Teatro Colón de Bogotá. Es precisamente, la suscripción del: “Acuerdo Final para la terminación del conflicto y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera”, que proyectó la desmilitarización y el abandono de prácticas indebidas y no justificadas, lo que motivó el proyecto de investigación que originó esta publicación.
En este sentido, la identificación del objeto de estudio se delimita en dos momentos: el primero, en el periodo comprendido entre el 2016-2019, con la necesidad de tomar en consideración lo que hasta el momento se ha realizado en el aspecto del desminado humanitario acordado entre las (FARC-EP y el Gobierno de Colombia). En este sentido, el propósito es realizar una aproximación breve a las razones y el uso que se le dio a las Minas Antipersonal (MAP), artefactos explosivos improvisados (AEI) y municiones sin explotar (MUSE), además, de tener en consideración la historia reciente del conflicto colombiano, desde el momento más alto en el escalamiento del conflicto y su des escalamiento desde el 2016 y lo que se ha implementado hasta el año 2019. Y un segundo momento donde se realiza un estudio de caso de la situación del departamento de Antioquia y la experiencia del desminado humanitario tras la implementación del acuerdo de la paz.
Por lo anterior, se ha tomado en consideración el uso de los mencionados artefactos en la historia reciente de su uso por los Grupos Armados al Margen de la Ley, precisamente a las antiguas FARCEP, sus zonas de acción militar y la imposibilidad para entregar zonas previamente delimitadas para realizar usos indebidos de estos artefactos e incumpliendo las convenciones internacionales (Ottawa) y el acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto. Por último, se quiere indagar sobre el rol de la Justicia Especial para la Paz (JEP), su jurisdicción y las infracciones a los Derechos Humanos y el DIH.
Editorial
Authors: Torregrosa Jiménez Norhy Esther
Published: September 2022

La revista Verba Iuris N°46 Presenta 14 artículos con diversos temas por ejemplo la Paz que es un espacio tan inquietante para nosotros; de otra parte temas cercanos al mundo laboral, al universitario, o al trabajo como estrategia de inclusión; se aborda un tema de actualidad como el cambio climático desde la óptica de la transición energética en Colombia, o los efectos de los llamados “Bonos de Agua”; por otro lado la Responsabilidad Médica desde tópicos como la Imputación Objetiva o la misma Responsabilidad vista desde los errores jurisdiccionales; el estudio próximo de la expropiación por vía administrativa, la aproximación al tema de la propuesta social, entre otros, posibilitando un aporte actual y sustancioso a variedad de temas que hacen parte de la vida, de la universidad y de la academia.
Reseñas del libro el Derecho colombiano y la apertura en los debates sociales contemporáneos
Authors: Lobo Garrido Carlos Felipe
Published: September 2022

Como investigación transversal de los capítulos que se exponen en esta compilación se manifiesta el interés por dar respuesta a las preguntas en común sobre la sociedad contemporánea y el derecho en el mundo y en particular la de Colombia como caja de resonancia en relación con el orden democrático, la participación y la modernidad. Estas inquietudes exigieron por parte de los autores plantear unas ideas a manera de hipótesis sobre ¿Cómo las consecuencias de hoy, constatadas en la realidad, tienen raíces en las referencias históricas internacionales que de alguna manera se adaptaron o mutaron en los fenómenos sociales locales en la actualidad? Estas ideas fueron el comienzo en cada investigador para elaborar un plan metodológico cualitativo con puntos de encuentro bajo tres aspectos principales: la observación o averiguación de fuentes primarias y secundarias jurídicas, históricas y sociológicas situadas especialmente de acuerdo a las variables que cada quien planeó, para luego en un segunda instancia metodológica hacer una sistematización de las compilaciones y por último hacer los respectivos análisis antes de iniciar las tareas escribir los resultados y reflexiones pertinentes expuestas aquí. El presente libro expone los resultados de investigación y de reflexión de varios autores cuyos temas se adentran en los debates de estos últimos años que se aproximan a problemáticas del derecho con relación a las circunstancias del entramado social del país.
A comparative study of shear bond strength of four different light cure orthodontic adhesives: An in vitro study
Authors: Prasad Raghu Ranjan , Rai Swati , Jain Abhay Kumar , Sahu Anshu , Lall Rajeev , Thakur Sneha
Published: September 2022

To compare the shear bond strength and Adhesive Remnent Index (ARI) of metal brackets using four different bonding systems: Heliosit Orthodontic Bonding Material (Ivoclar Vivadent), Ormco Enlight Light Cure Adhesive, Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive (3M UNITEK) and Light cured Orthofix (Anabond Stedman Pharma Research (P) Ltd.

In the present study 120 extracted sound human upper bicuspids were taken and divided into four groups. Group 1: Heliosit Orthodontic Bonding Material (Ivoclar Vivadent), Group 2 : Ormco Enlight Light Cure Adhesive ,Group 3: Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive(3M UNITEK) and Group 4: Light cured Orthofix (Anabond Stedman Pharma Research (P) Ltd. In all the groups (n = 120) orthodontic metal brackets were bonded with the four different light cure adhesives respectively and all the samples were evaluated for shear bond strength using Instron(3366) universal testing machine at a cross speed of 1 mm/min. The bracket failure mode was examined using Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI). The Inter group comparison (>2 groups) was done using one way ANOVA followed by pair wise comparison using post hoc test. Comparison of frequencies of categories of variables with groups was done using Chi square test. For all the statistical tests, p<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant, keeping α error at 5% and β error at 20%, thus giving a power to the study as 80%.

: It was concluded that the mean shear bond strength of the Transbond XT was highest among the four adhesives studied. However all the adhesives tested exhibits adequate bond strength for clinical use and ARI scores was nearly same for the Transbond and Enlight adhesives studied.
To ease orthodontic extraction – A novel technique
Authors: Gupta Akshay
Published: September 2022

Atraumatic extractions are always the prerequisite for immaculate orthodontic results. Of all the extractions desired by the orthodontist, maxillary first premolar is challenging for the dentist / oral surgeon specifically because of its thin and slender roots with wide variations in its anatomy. Various methods for atraumatic premolar extraction and for preserving the buccal cortical plate have been suggested in the past like use of periotomes, physics forceps etc. Following is the suggested novel technique for atraumatic premolar extractions which can be performed with routine forceps without any additional armamentarium.
“They Left Not for Sausage, but for Dignity”: the Concept of Dignity in the Late Soviet Polemics on Jewish Emigration
Authors: Zelenina Galina
Published: September 2022

The Jewish national movement in the late Soviet decades declared its concern about the infringed national dignity of Soviet Jews; emigration to Israel was considered a way to restore it, while the very struggle for the reight to leave the USSR was seen as a struggle for dignity. The article reveals various ways of gaining and defending one’s dignity in the practices and texts of Jewish activists, or Refuseniks, and describes this concept within a number of binary oppositions: unconditional — conditioned, universal — categorized, individual — group, integral — subject to external influence. The rhetoric of refuseniks in this regard is examined in the context of Soviet Jewish ego documents and of the Soviet press, including a vast corpus of anti-Zionist publications, and the concept of dignity appears as one of the central categories in the polemics about Jewish emigration conducted on the pages of newspapers, open letters and Samizdat.
Constructing the Nobility: the Noble Estate in the Works of French Erudites
Authors: Terentieva Ekaterina
Published: September 2022

The article outlines the specific of views of French erudites on the noble estate in early modern France, focusing on the image of nobility in erudite writings. The erudite intellectual current inextricably intertwined with major political, social and cultural processes in France of the Ancien Régime, till the end of the seventeenth century staying in the area of highly topical subjects, though seen through the prism of specific erudite themes and with the use of erudite methods. In the epoch when the humanities were little segmented a knowledge area such approach was quite natural and turned out to be fruitful. The position of the second estate in the French society and even the definition of the sense of nobility itself were the questions that France faced in the early modern epoch and especially after the Wars of Religion. The late sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries brought many novelties both into the social composition of nobility and its mode of existence. Both changes were reflected in and at the same time constructed by the intellectuals we can pleno jure rate among early modern erudites. A large amount of literature of various genres and consecrated to different aspects of nobility emerged in that period. Two of such works may be concerned significant, having almost similar titles and being published with a centennial interval, the first in 1577, and the second in 1678. These are the treatises of the nobility by François de l’Alouette and Gilles André de la Rocque de la Lontière, briefly analyzed and contextualized in the present paper. The phenomenon of the researches of nobility, the genre of genealogy and genealogic history, the professions of genealogists, feodists and historiographers, the European tradition of memoria etc. are also involved into the analysis.
List Cypriana Norwida do Bronisława Zaleskiego z kolekcji dzikowskiej hrabiów Tarnowskich
Authors: Radowska-Lisak Mirosława
Published: September 2022

Artykuł dotyczy nieznanego norwidologom, niewydanego dotąd listu Cypriana Norwida z dn. 4 lutego 1870 roku. Publikowany z komentarzem autograf, do niedawna uznawany za zaginiony, znajduje się w zasobach Muzeum Historycznego Miasta Tarnobrzega, dokąd wrócił jesienią 2021 roku jako część znamienitej kolekcji dzikowskiej, stworzonej w pierwszych latach XIX wieku przez Walerię ze Stroynowskich i jej męża Jana Feliksa Tarnowskiego. Po krótkiej prezentacji dziejów i zawartości zbiorów rodziny Tarnowskich omówione zostały okoliczności powstania listu oraz poruszony przez Norwida temat przygotowań do wieczoru literackiego (organizowanego przez Eleonorę Czapską w jej paryskim salonie), podczas którego poeta, uprzednio korespondencyjnie zachęcany przez hrabinę, miał wygłosić jedną rapsodię Homera i trzy ustępy z Odysei we własnym przekładzie.
Resveratrol inhibits cerebral aneurysms in mice via downregulating the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Jin Tao , An Qingzhu , Qin Xuanfeng , Qin Xuanfeng , Hu Yuanyuan , Hu Jia , Zhou Bing , Leng Bing
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Cerebral aneurysm (CA) is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of resveratrol (RES) on the CA formation and its possible mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Murine model of CA was constructed by induced hypertension and fed without (model group) or with RES (RES group). A Sham group was used as a control. The CA formation and inflammatory response were examined morphologically and histochemically. The expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 was analyzed using qRT-PCR and Western blots. Results: CA was induced in mice after the left common carotid artery was ligated and fed with high sodium chloride. Compared with the model, mice fed with RES had significantly fewer CA with smaller size, normal thickness of the arterial wall (P<0.05), and fewer infiltrated macrophages in the aneurysm wall (P<0.05). qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses showed that the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and NF-κB was significantly elevated in the model as compared with the control and significantly decreased after RES treatments (P<0.05). Conclusions: RES can inhibit the CA formation in mice subjected to induced hypertension and this inhibition is likely mediated via downregulating the NF-κB pathway.
Fatty acid profiles in various lipid fractions in the female epidermis. Does the body site and age matter?
Authors: Mika Adriana , Pakiet Alicja , Szczygielski Orest , Woźniak Katarzyna , Osipowicz Katarzyna , Kowalewski Cezary , Krześniak Natalia , Noszczyk Bartłomiej H. , Wertheim-Tysarowska Katarzyna
Published: September 2022

Background: The epidermis forms the barrier between an organism and its external environment. Although one of the major functional elements of the epidermis is the lipid-enriched extracellular matrix, containing mainly ceramides, cholesterol (CHOL) and free fatty acids, the data are limited regarding the lipid profile in the epidermis. The aim of the study was to determine the whole profile of fatty acids (FAs) in the epidermis and to examine any dependence according to the age of the subject and the site on the epidermis. Materials and methods: Epidermis extracts obtained from 10 adults and 6 children were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: In total, 74 FAs in the human epidermis were identified. We observed the highest amounts of neutral lipids (including CHOL) compared to other lipid fractions in the epidermis, regardless of age. However, we detected an age-dependent content of the major lipid fractions, where the main difference was in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. There were also differences in the lipid profile between various sites of the body, e.g. samples from the breast and abdomen were enriched with very long-chain fatty acids compared to the limb. Conclusion: Our research provides novel data concerning the lipid profile in the epidermis, gives further insight into skin biology and proves that the epidermis is a highly dynamic structure.
Criptografia em Funções Polinomiais: Um Processo de Ensino e Aprendizagem de Matemática na Educação Básica
Authors: Pontes Edel Alexandre Silva , Silva Bruno Henrique Macêdo dos Santos , Oliveira Elinelson Gomes de , Lira Lidianne Leite e
Published: September 2022

Uma das primeiras dificuldades deparadas, por professores e pedagogos na educação básica, é deliberar quais estratégias necessitam ser mantidas no desígnio de proporcionar práticas educativas hábeis e motivadoras no aprendizado de matemática. Esse artigo objetivou sugerir uma prática pedagógica vinculada a uma ferramenta matemática de codificação e descodificação de mensagens para alunos que estejam entre o final do ensino fundamental e o início do ensino médio. A ideia central é apresentar um modelo de criptografia por funções polinomiais de grau n, de modo que duas pessoas, sujeito A e sujeito B, possam se comunicar sem a intervenção de um terceiro sujeito C. O conceito de criptografia nasceu precisamente dessa necessidade de se remeter mensagens, com total segurança, entre dois ou mais agentes. Espera-se que este artigo possa contribuir para o debate desta extraordinária demanda no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de matemática na educação básica – a utilização de novos conteúdos que permitam aproximar o conhecimento matemático, por meio de atividades que provoquem motivação para seu aprendizado, entre os envolvidos.
“Bel Ağrısı” ile İlgili Türkçe İnternet Kaynaklı Hasta Eğitim Materyallerinin Okunabilirliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZDURAN Erkan
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Sağlık ile ilişkili bilgilere ulaşmak için internet kullanımı günden güne artmaktadır. Ancak bu bilgilerin güvenilirliği ve anlaşılırlığı üzerinde endişeler bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızda bel ağrısı ile ilgili internet kaynaklı Hasta Eğitim Materyallerinin (HEM) okunabilirliğini, güvenilirliğini ve kalitesini araştırmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: 26 Şubat 2022’de Google arama motorunda “Bel ağrısı” terimi aratılarak çalışma için uygun ilk 100 internet sitesi tespit edildi. İnternet-sitelerinin okunabilirlikleri Ateşman okunabilirlik formülüyle değerlendirildi. İnternet-sitelerinin güvenilirlikleri “Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark” kriter skoru ile, kalite değerlendirmesi DISCERN skoru ve “Health on the Net Foundation code of conduct (HONcode)” varlığı ve popüleritesi ise ALEXA ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışmamızda metin bölümleri incelendiğinde ortalama Ateşman okunabilirlik skorunun 61,09±7,31 (orta güçlükte) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. JAMA skorları ortalama değeri 1,46±0,91 (düşük güvenilir) ve internet sitelerinin %12’si yüksek güvenilir tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama DISCERN skoru 34,08±11,74 (kötü kalite) tespit edilmiştir. %17 internet sitesinde HONcode varlığı tespit edilmiştir. İnternet sitelerin kaynakları ile güvenilirlik ve kalite skorları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (p>0,05).

Sonuç: Bel ağrısı ile ilişkili Türkçe internet kaynaklı HEM’nin okunabilirlik düzeyinin orta güçlükte olduğu, düşük güvenilirlik ve kötü kalite içerdiği saptandı. İnternet siteleri hazırlanırken internet kaynaklı HEM’nin halkın eğitim düzeyine uygun okunabilirlik derecesine ve güvenilir içeriğe sahip olması gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
Kurşun Endüstrisi Çalışanlarında Osteoporoz Riski: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: HASANLI Yusuf Samir
Published: September 2022

İnsanlar için toksik element olan kurşun, mesleki ve çevresel maruz kalma sonucu vücutta birden fazla organ sistemini etkileyebilir. Bunlardan biri de en fazla depolandığı ve mineralizasyonunu bozduğu yer olan kemik korteksidir. Sekonder osteoporozun hipertiroidizm, hipogonadizm, diyabetes mellitus, ilaçlar, otoimmun hastalıklar gibi bilinen birçok sebebi mevcuttur. Osteoporozun tarama ve teşhisinde çift enerjili X-ışını absorbsiyometrili kemik mineral dansitometre (KMD) yöntemi kullanılmaktadır.

Olgu: Otuz yaşında, evli, iki çocuklu erkek hasta. Beş yıldır bir akü üretim şirketinde beden işçisi olarak çalışmakta. İşe başladıktan bir yıl sonra ölçülen kan kurşun düzeyleri yüksek seyretmekte (>40 µg/dL). Hastanın bir yıl arayla çekilen kemik mineral dansitometresinde osteopeniden osteoporoza dönüşüm (femur boynu T skoru; -1,5’ten -2,78’e) izlendi. Sekonder osteoporoz nedenleri dışlandıktan sonra hasta kurşun maruziyetine bağlı osteoporoz olarak kabul edildi. Kurşundan korunma önerilerinde bulunuldu, osteoporoz için takip ve tedaviye alındı.

Kurşun endüstrisinde çalışan işçiler çeşitli yollarla kurşun maruziyeti yaşamaktadır. Birincil koruma yöntemlerinin alınması ile birlikte bu metalin kemik mineralizasyonunu bozma riski nedeniyle, çalışanların ikincil osteoporoz açısından periyodik olarak tarama ve tetkiki gerekebilir.
Audiological features of the management of patients who underwent surgical interventions on the structures of the middle ear during the use of the cochlear implantation system
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia, Daikhes N. A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Machalov A. S. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Balakina A. V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia, Kuznetsov A. O. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia, Korobkin A. S. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia, Narimanov R. A. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia, Basnakaeva M. Kh. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia, Nayandina E. I. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia, Bazanova M. V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency  of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russia
Published: September 2022

This article presents a clinical case of monitoring a patient with chronic bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and chronic otitis media on the same side, using a cochlear implant system for 12 years. The complexity of managing this patient, which required a multidisciplinary approach to their resolution, is described. The errors of the patient's auditory-speech rehabilitation are presented and analyzed. This experience can be used in the practice of ENT doctors and audiologists. This article emphasizes the need for hard monitoring by an audiologist of persons who have undergone cochlear implantation, in accordance with the terms specified in the clinical guidelines. In addition, the audiologist should regularly evaluate the parameters of the cochlear implantation system: interelectrode impedance, neural response measurement, which is especially important if there is a history of chronic otitis media or previous surgical interventions on the structures of the middle ear, on the side of the cochlear implant. If there are doubts about adequate sound perception, it is necessary to perform computed tomography of the pyramids of the temporal bones with an assessment of the localization of the elements of the cochlear implant.
Assessment of health staff emotional state and behavioural changes as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: results of a cross-sectional survey of healthcare workers
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Korneenkov A. A. , Ovchinnikov P. A. ,   Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital,  Moscow region, Krasnogorsk, 143409, Russia, Vyazemskaya E. E. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Fanta I. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Yanov Yu. K. ,   Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University,  Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study is to analyze the perception of health workers of their security in the workplace and their assessment of the organization of the labor process healthcare facilities in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: For the solution, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted among healthcare workers. The study included 269 people and was analyzed in the R software environment. Results and discussion: It is known that healthcare workers are at risk which are still in direct contact with COVID-19 patients, as well as those whose contact with such patients is not recorded. Differences in subjective assessments of the impact of the pandemic among these groups of health care workers were found. Overall, 84.8% of respondents expressed concern about the COVID-19 pandemic, with 3 times the likelihood of concern in the contact group. The most frequent cause of concern was isolation from family and social environment 76.2%, while the risk of actually infecting oneself or family members worried respondents 2 times less frequently. There is no statistical reason to believe that respondents were more likely to limit social contacts (53.2%) because they considered their work environment «dangerous. Even fewer health care workers tried to isolate themselves from their relatives and friends (37.9%). If such measures were taken, they were statistically more likely to be taken by health care workers in direct contact with COVID-19 patients. The majority of participants rated above-average availability of avoidance of work duties. 5% of respondents indicated that they tried to take time off to avoid going to work because of COVID-19 concerns. Research in this area will help expand the provision of information about the psychological impact of the threat of SARS-CoV-2 infection to health care workers in general, and otorhinolaryngology care in particular.
Practicing surgical skills in otorhinolaryngology using animal cadaver material led by mentor
Authors:   Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia, Kuz’min D. M. , Pashchinin A. N. ,   Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia, Tsydypova D. A. ,   Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia, Fionova T. V. ,   Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russia
Published: September 2022

Surgical training of specialized specialists in clinical residency requires the development of a wide range of general professional abilities for the possibility of further provision of qualified medical care. Competent mentoring plays an important part in the adaptation of a young doctor and contributes to their preparation for professional tasks. Training surgical skills is an integral part of the educational process in otorhinolaryngological practice. Previously, human cadaveric material was used to practice manual skills, but nowadays its use has heavy restrictions. The possibility of using animal cadaver material for practicing surgical skills led by a mentor in otorhinolaryngology was considered in the experimental and clinical work. Dissection of two heads of rams, three heads of rabbit, and two heads of pig was performed. The anatomical structure of experimental samples was studied in detail, using multispiral computed tomography with subsequent surgical dissection of the cadaver material. An endoscopic tube and a stationary binocular microscope were chosen as methods of optical visualization of the surgical field. Considering the peculiarities of the structure of the anatomy of animals, the optimal list of practicing surgical skills in practical otorhinolaryngology was determined, including paracentesis of the tympanic membrane, shunting of the tympanic cavity, mastoidectomy, ossiculoplasty, septoplasty, and sinusotomy.
Some features of auditory nerve action potential recording in patients with cochlear implants
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech,  Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Pudov V. I. , Pudov N. V. ,   Parent Association „I hear the world“, Saint Petersburg, 195299, Russia
Published: September 2022

Recording of auditory nerve action potential is now widely used in clinical practice to objectively adjust speech processor parameters in patients with cochlear implants. According to some authors, the correlation coefficient between the potential of the auditory nerve and the most comfortable level varies within a fairly wide range, but nevertheless it well determines the relief of the tuning curve. This article discusses the relationship of this correlation to the rate of growth of the response amplitude of the auditory nerve potential. Patients with high growth rate of auditory nerve potential amplitude show high correlation (R = 0,71) of this threshold with maximum comfortable level of auditory perception, but patients with low speed show low correlation (R =  0,34) of this dependence. In the latter case, the automatic mode of recording the auditory nerve potential does not achieve the desired result and requires the use of the visual analysis mode of the obtained results. In this case, it is necessary to create several progressive maps with subsequent verification of the results on the patient's behavioral reactions. The paper also presents a variety of options for recording the effect potential of the auditory nerve in special groups of patients with an anomaly of the cochlear and auditory nerve.
A methodical approach to substantiating the quality indicators of the elements of an automated aircraft flight data preparation system
Authors: Zhurbin S.A. , Kazakov G.V.
Published: September 2022

The paper introduces a new approach to substantiating the quality indicators of the elements of an automated aircraft flight data preparation system. The approach consists in solving the primary task of substantiating the so-called “simple requirements” imposed by the customer. The study examines the place this task takes in estimating the efficiency of the use of an aircraft grouping. The most general problem that determines this efficiency is to ensure that the grouping fulfills its tasks in a given quality. To solve the problem, we introduced the concept of aircraft information readiness. The study shows that the solution of the problem of estimating the quality of reachability and aircraft flight data preparation is reduced to the primary task of setting reasonable requirements for the quality of an automated data preparation system and methods to meet these requirements. However, the problem is hard to solve, as well as the general problem of ensuring the efficiency of the use of an aircraft grouping. The study proposes a general approach to substantiating the quality characteristics of the elements of an automated aircraft flight data preparation system. Among simple requirements, we singled out the verbal requirements related to the quality of the system’s output data. Relying on this approach, it is possible to develop a system whose quality indicators of the elements will correspond to the required values.
Creation of Educational Video Materials as An Independent Innovative Form of a Work of Students in A Mastering Fundamental Disciplines in the Higher Medical School
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (KrasSMU), Shelomentseva Olga V. , Murashev Boris Yu.
Published: September 2022

Formation a digital educational environment in general, and in terms of distance learning, in particular, is associated with the search for new methods, techniques and technologies for building the educational process. The use of video material created by students under the guidance of doctors as a form of preparation for the lesson, testing and consolidating The pedagogical process, as a specially organized purposeful interaction of teachers and students, provides a solution to many developmental and educational problems. This article describes the algorithm for creating videos for Russian-speaking and English-speaking students in the study of fundamental disciplines: “Histology, Embryology, Cytology”, “Normal Physiology” on the basis of KrasSMU. The completed works are offered in the form of articles, video material on the university website and the YouTube social network.