bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Autonomy and Natural Interaction of Pepper Robot via Large Language Models
Authors: Becerra Luccas Rojas , Colmenares Juan Andrés Romero , Manrique Rubén
Published: March 2024

The field of Social Robotics is concerned with the development and enhancement of robots as interactive social companions and tools, aimed at aiding humans in a variety of tasks. Despite the ongoing progress, a primary issue encountered is the discrepancy between human instructions and the robot's interpretation and execution of these directives. Often, this is attributed to the deterministic nature of pre-defined programming, resulting in poor performance during tasks that deviate from this programming. This research contributes to this problem and proposes a solution to this predicament by enhancing the autonomous function and interaction of a Pepper robot through the assessment of a Large Language Model (LLMs). By leveraging LLM capabilities, the objective is to create a system allowing the robot to autonomously interpret instructions given in natural language to perform general-purpose tasks. The study involves the comparison of different LLMs proficiency in generating code commands for robotics. The assessment of the quality and efficiency of the produced code will be grounded upon the results of code execution, leveraging diverse strategies and code abstraction tiers. The evaluation methodology combines automated tests along with human evaluations. Our principal contribution encompasses the development of a task-processing system that links natural language instructions to robotic operations. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that precisely 400 out of 720 algorithmically generated tasks successfully passed the automated runtime execution evaluation. Among the LLMs scrutinized, GPT-4 registered the highest success rate in task completion (50.8%).
A Study on the Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Parent Tic Questionnaire
Authors: Ding Qiang , Woods Douglas W. , Barber Kathryn E. , Xu Wen , Zhao Ying , Shen Shuqin , Sun Jinhua
Published: March 2024

Introduction The Parent Tic Questionnaire (PTQ) is a tool for parents to assess their child's tic severity, but its effectiveness in non-Western contexts like China has not been thoroughly examined. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PTQ in assessing motor and vocal tic severity among Chinese children diagnosed with tic disorders. Method Parents of 268 Chinese children and adolescents aged 6–17 years, diagnosed with tic disorders, completed the PTQ. The study assessed tic severity using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) and PTQ. Additionally, obsessive-compulsive symptoms were measured using the Children Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS), and other behavioral problems were evaluated using the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-48). Results The PTQ showed acceptable to good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.68 for motor, 0.78 for vocal, and 0.79 for total tic scores) and good to excellent two-week test-retest reliability (intraclass correlations, ICC = 0.74 for motor, 0.81 for vocal, and 0.79 for total tic scores). It demonstrated good convergent validity with the YGTSS and effective discriminant validity from obsessive-compulsive and internalizing symptoms (i.e., anxiety and psychosomatic). Discussion The findings indicate that the Chinese version of the PTQ is a reliable and valid tool for assessing tic severity in Chinese children with tic disorders, offering significant implications for clinical assessment in diverse cultural contexts.
Expansion and diversification of the Glycine max (Gm) ERD15-like subfamily of the PAM2-like superfamily
Authors: Fraga Otto T. , Silva Lucas A.C. , Silva José Cleydson F. , Bevitori Rosangela , Pereira Welison A. , Reis Pedro A.B. , Fontes Elizabeth P. B.
Published: March 2024

The PAM2 motif represents a binding site for poly (A) binding proteins (PABP), often associated with RNA metabolism regulation. The PAM2-containing protein ERD15 stands out as a critical regulator of diverse stress responses in plants. Despite the relevance of the PAM2 motif, a comprehensive analysis of the PAM2 superfamily and ERD15-like subfamily in the plant kingdom is lacking. Here, we provide an extensive in silico analysis of the PAM2 superfamily and the ERD15-like subfamily in soybean, using Arabidopsis and rice sequences as prototypes. The Glycine maxERD15-like subfamily members were clustered in pairs, likely originating from DNA-based gene duplication, as the paralogs display high sequence conservation, similar exon/intron genome organization, and are undergoing purifying selection. Complementation analyses of an aterd15 mutant demonstrated that the plant ERD15-like subfamily members are functionally redundant in response to drought, osmotic stress, and dark-induced senescence. Nevertheless, the soybean members display differential expression profiles, biochemical activity, and subcellular localization, consistent with functional diversification. The expression profile of Glyma04G138600 under salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments differed oppositely from the other GmERD15-like genes. Furthermore, abiotic stress-induced coexpression analysis with soybean PABPs showed that Glyma04G138600 was clustered separately from other GmERD15s. In contrast to the AtERD15 stress-induced nuclear redistribution, Glyma04G138600 and Glyma02G260800 localized in the cytoplasm, while Glyma03G131900 fractionated between the cytoplasm and nucleus under normal and stress conditions. These data collectively indicate that despite modulating senescence and drought responses, the GmERD15-like subfamily members are differentially induced by multiple stresses and may diverge partially in stress signaling functions.
Main conclusion
Despite modulating senescence and drought responses, the GmERD15-like subfamily members are differentially induced by multiple stresses and diverge partially in stress signaling functions.
On What (There) Is and Is Not NFT Art
Authors: Šarović Srđan , Popović Una
Published: March 2024

Zbog decentralizirane prirode tehnike blockchaina, NFT-umjetnost promijenila je poimanje autorstva i vlasništva, umanjila ulogu stručnjaka iz svijeta umjetnosti i utjecala na globalno tržište umjetnina. Međutim, pitanje mogu li se NFT-ovi uopće smatrati umjetnošću ostaje otvoreno za raspravu. Da bismo razlikovali NFT-ove od drugih digitalnih i nedigitalnih umjetničkih djela, najprije ćemo dati pregled toga što su NFT-ovi i kojoj vrsti digitalnog prostora pripadaju. Drugo, analizirat ćemo uvjete koje NFT mora ispuniti da bi se smatrao umjetničkim djelom, prema svojim inherentnim karakteristikama. Rezultati će pokazati da, prvo, NFT-umjetničko djelo ovisi o svojem umjetničkom konceptu; drugo, njegov predodžbeni sadržaj mora biti vizualno tumačenje NFT koncepta i povezan s podacima u skladu s konceptom; i konačno, koncept definira cijeli ekosustav i estetička svojstva NFT-umjetničkih djela.
Und täglich grüßt der Prediger – oder Wie können Schülerinnen und Schüler religiösen Videos auf YouTube am besten begegnen?
Authors: Pappritz Clemens
Published: March 2024

Internetska platforma YouTube rabi se diljem svijeta za širenje i konzumiranje osobnih mišljenja. Pritom se upravo kod vjerskih sadržaja u diskurs manje uključuju informacije utemeljene na znanosti, a puno se više dogmatski postavljaju uvjerenja koja se čine subjektivno značajna. Radi smanjenja indoktrinirajućega djelovanja, upravo kod mlađe publike, nastava bi etike i filozofije već trebala uspostaviti bitne alate za utemeljen, kritički pogled na religiju. Ovaj rad na temelju odabranih videozapisa vjerskoga sadržaja otkriva njihov status u misionarskome radu i kako se mladi mogu s njima susresti. U kontekstu upotrebljivosti u nastavi okarakterizirati će se pri tome konstrukt religije, a nadogradnjom na to razvit će se kritika religije te će se praktično upotrijebiti na primjeru.
Editorial
Authors: Hewitt Ramírez Nohelia
Published: March 2024

Editorial Volumen 17, Número 2
Role of non-invasive coronary imaging in stable angina
Authors: Adnan Zahra , Panjiyar Binay , Mehmood Areeba , Nanisetty Alekhya
Published: March 2024

Chest pain represents a symptom of significant clinical concern due to the potential for lethal etiologies. Accordingly, it is critical to ascertain the presence of stable angina through various diagnostic tests to inform subsequent therapeutic strategies. Stable angina, while potentially progressing to more severe conditions if left untreated, suffers from a paucity of research regarding its management compared to other more fatal causes of chest pain. Recent advancements in radiological imaging necessitate a re-evaluation of the array and functionality of diagnostic tests, with particular emphasis on prioritizing non-invasive methods such as electrocardiography and echocardiography. This study undertakes a comprehensive review of the literature pertaining to various diagnostic tests for stable angina. We conclude that the management of a patient presenting with chest pain encompasses a continuum of care, beginning with a detailed patient history to estimate pre-test probability and culminating in computed tomography coronary angiography. This continuum is highly individualized, taking into account patient-specific variables, disease burden, and test indications. In an era of rapid research advancement, our findings delineate the optimal sequence of initial diagnostic tests, emphasizing the role of current non- invasive imaging modalities as outlined in standard clinical guidelines.
Water and food insecurity and linkages with physical and sexual intimate partner violence among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda: cross-sectional survey findings
Authors: Logie Carmen H. , Okumu Moses , Tailor Lauren S. , Taing Lina , Dorea Caetano , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Hakiza Robert , Kibuuka-Musoke Daniel , Katisi Brenda , Nakitende Aidah , Kyambadde Peter , MacKenzie Frannie , Admassu Zerihun
Published: March 2024

Water insecurity (WI) and food insecurity (FI), each associated with violence exposure, are understudied in urban humanitarian settings. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda to examine: (a) social-ecological correlates of WI, FI, and concurrent FI and WI; (b) associations between WI and FI with recent sexual and physical intimate partner violence (IPV); and (c) associations between an Index of Vulnerability (IoV) comprised of social-ecological stressors (e.g., FI, WI) and recent physical/sexual IPV. Among participants (n = 340; mean age: 21.1 years, standard deviation: 2.6) almost half (47.8%) reported WI and two-thirds (65.0%) FI. In adjusted analyses, time in Uganda, age, and insecure housing were associated with increased odds of WI and concurrent FI and WI; household toilet sharing and insecure housing were associated with increased odds of FI. In adjusted analyses, WI, concurrent FI and WI, housing insecurity, and parenthood were associated with higher sexual IPV odds. FI and parenthood were associated with increased odds of physical IPV. IoV scores were associated with physical/sexual IPV, and IoV scores accounted for more variance in physical/sexual IPV than any individual indicator. Future research can address WI and co-occurring resource insecurities to reduce gender-based water-related violence risks.
Evaluation of hydrological regime alteration and ecological flow processes in the changing environment of the Jialing River, China
Authors: Guo Wenxian , Wang Gaozhen , Ma Yinchu , Hong Fengtian , Huang Lintong , Yang Huan , Jiao Xuyang , He Ning , Wang Hongxiang
Published: March 2024

Ecological flow is a key element in maintaining the biodiversity of a basin's aquatic ecosystem. This study quantifies the degree of hydrological regime alteration in the Jialing River and the contributions of various driving factors using the indicators of hydrologic alteration and range of variability approach (IHA-RVA), the river impact method (RI), and the elasticity coefficient method based on long-term hydro-meteorological data. Cross-wavelet analysis is used to reveal the periodicity and coherence of runoff and driving factors. Additionally, the improved Q90 method presents a more effective annual ecological flow process. The results show that the overall hydrological regime in the Jialing River has undergone a moderate change, with RVA and RI values of 45.02% and 0.66. Human activities contribute 54.68% to the changes in streamflow. Streamflow has an extremely significant correlation with precipitation and aridity index (Φ). Approximately 85% of the wavelet cone of influence (COI) area, tested at a 95% confidence level, falls within the region. The study also found that the ecological flow obtained through the improved Q90 method is more conducive to the healthy development of the river ecosystem in the Jialing River. These findings can provide some assistance for aquatic ecosystem restoration in the Jialing River.
Dynamic nexus between agricultural water consumption, economic growth and food security
Authors: Zhou Fang
Published: March 2024

Water, energy and food (WEF) are important strategic resources for economic development in arid agriculture-based regions. Analyzing development indicators in the management of limited resources to achieve sustainability on a time scale is one of the basic goals of this research. Therefore, a system dynamics model was developed to analyze the WEF system resource flow relationship to achieve sustainable resource development. First, the subsystems of WEF resources were created and their dynamic relationship was formed in the form of a logical loop in a 10-year time frame. The evolution of 7 years (from 2015 to 2022) was taken into consideration to predict the 3-year period (from 2023 to 2025). The results showed that the reduction of water resources exploitation rate in China in interaction with agricultural productivity has automatically improved energy consumption and the nexus index. In China, a dynamic balance between WEF with a focus on water is recommended for planning.
Cooperação entre a UFERSA e instituições de pesquisas pode trazer muitos resultados inovadores
Authors: de Souza Queiroz Júnior Idalmir
Published: March 2024

A Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido – UFERSA, através da Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação – PROPPG e em conjunto com a comissão constituída por docentes dos cursos de Engenharia Elétrica, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - PPGEE, do curso de Engenharia Mecânica, do curso de Bacharelado interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais - PPGCEM trabalham para formalizar cooperações científicas importantes para a UFERSA. A referida comissão foi idealizada pela reitoria da UFERSA, e foi criada com o intuito de formalizar convênios de pesquisa entre a UFERSA e o Instituto Tecnológico da Aeronáutica – ITA, bem como entre a UFERSA e o Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE. Esta ação tem uma grande importância para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa científica e aplicada na UFERSA, visto as diversas possibilidades de que virão com estes convênios.
Projeto e execução de um sistema de medição da velocidade para um veículo aéreo não tripulado
Authors: Jales Dantas Higor , de Jesus Nogueira Peixoto Couras Daut
Published: March 2024

Com o avanço da utilização de sistema de aeronaves não tripulados, do inglês, Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), a sociedade de engenheiros da mobilidade promovem, entre todos os estudantes de engenharia, uma troca de conhecimento, voltado a engenharia aeronáutica, através de uma competição a qual a equipe de Aerodesign da UFERSA, PegAzuls, participa. Nela, os estudantes são desafiados a produzir uma aeronave com a maior eficiência possível. Uma forma de validar os dimensionamentos calculados é obter resultados práticos da aeronave como a velocidade, com isso, este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um dispositivo capaz de medir a velocidade da aeronave e armazenar esse dado para ser processado posteriormente. Para tanto, o dispositivo utiliza um Arduino® Pro-mini, além de componentes como tubo de Pitot, sensor de pressão, módulo SD, placa de fenolite, bateria, led e chave on/off. Para validar o funcionamento do dispositivo foi realizado ensaio estático e dinâmico e comparado os resultados obtidos pelo dispositivo com os resultados obtidos por um anemômetro (instrumento de comparação e calibração do sistema). Após os ensaios foi possível obter resultados satisfatórios e consistentes, onde concluiu-se que o dispositivo se mostrou capaz de realizar as funções propostas.
Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia as Potential Dihydrofolate
Reductase Inhibitors: A Computational Study
Authors: Yunos Nurhanan Murni , Al-Thiabat Mohammad Gasem , Sallehudin Nor Jannah , Wahab Habibah A
Published: March 2024

Background:

Quassinoids are degraded triterpene compounds that can be obtained
from various species of the Simaroubaceae plant family, including Eurycoma longifolia. Quassinoids
are the major compounds in E. longifolia, and they are known to have various medicinal
potentials, such as anticancer and antimalarial properties. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) was
reported to be one of the important targets for certain anticancer and antimalarial drugs. Twelve
quassinoids from E. longifolia were identified to have anticancer effects based on their IC50 values.
This study aimed to evaluate the interactions of these twelve quassinoids with DHFR via
Autodock 4.2 software and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualiser.

Methods:

Twelve quassinoids from E. longifolia and their interactions with DHFR were evaluated
via Autodock 4.2 software and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualiser. Their drug-likeness and
pharmacokinetic properties were also assessed using the ADMETlab 2.0 program.

Results:

The molecular docking results showed that eleven quassinoids showed better docking
scores than methotrexate, in which the binding energy (BE) of these quassinoids ranged from -
7.87 to -9.58 kcal/mol. Their inhibition constant (Ki) ranged from 0.095 to 1.71 μM. At the same
time, the BE and Ki values for methotrexate were -7.80 kcal/mol and 1.64 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:

From the analysis, 6-dehydrolongilactone and eurycomalide B are among the
twelve compounds that showed great potential as hit-to-lead compounds based on the docking
score on DHFR, drug-likeness, and ADMET properties. These results suggest a great potential to
pursue validation studies via in vitro and in vivo models.
Non-Receptor Type PTPases and their Role in Controlling Pathways
Related to Diabetes and Liver Cancer Signalling
Authors: Chaudhary Nidhee , Kiranmayee Bellam
Published: March 2024

The role of non-receptor type Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTPases) in controlling
pathways related to diabetes and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is significant. The insulin
signal transduction pathway is regulated by the steady-state phosphorylation of tyrosyl residues
of the insulin receptor and post-receptor substrates. PTPase has been shown to have a physiological
role in the regulation of reversible tyrosine phosphorylation. There are several non-receptor
type PTPases. PTPase containing the SH-2 domain (SHP-2) and the non-receptor type PTPase
(PTP1B; encoded by the PTPN1 gene) are involved in negative regulation of the insulin signaling
pathway, thereby indicating that the pathway can be made more efficient by the reduction in
the activity of specific PTPases. Reduction in insulin resistance may be achieved by drugs targeting
these specific enzymes. The modifications in the receptor and post-receptor events of
insulin signal transduction give rise to insulin resistance, and a link between insulin-resistant
states and HCC has been established. The cancer cells thrive on higher levels of energy and their
growth gets encouraged since insulin-resistant states lead to greater glucose levels. Cancer, hyperglycemia,
and hypoglycemia are highly linked through various pathways hence, clarifying
the molecular mechanisms through which non-receptor type PTPase regulates the insulin signal
transduction is necessary to find an effective target for cancer. Targeting the pathways related to
PTPases; both receptor and non-receptor types, may lead to an effective candidate to fight
against diabetes and HCC.
Exploring Potential of Nano-formulations in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s
Disease through Nasal Route
Authors: Tekade Avinash , Kadam Prasad , Jagdale Sachin , Surwade Samiksha , Gaikwad Anil , Pawar Parth , Shinde Rushikesh
Published: March 2024

Objective::

Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, severely impacts
cognitive function and daily living. The current treatment provides only symptomatic relief,
and thus, disease-modifying therapies targeting underlying causes are needed. Although several
potential therapies are in various stages of clinical trials, bringing a new Alzheimer's drug to market
remains challenging. Hence, researchers are also exploring monoclonal antibodies, tau protein
inhibitors, and anti-inflammatory drugs as treatment options. Conventionally designed dosage
forms come with limitations like poor absorption, first-pass metabolism, and low bioavailability.
They also cause systemic adverse effects because these designed systems do not provide target-
specific drug delivery. Thus, in this review, the authors highlighted the current advancements
in the development of intranasal nanoformulations for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. This
strategy of delivering anti-Alzheimer drugs through the nasal route may help to target the drug exactly
to the brain, achieve rapid onset of action, avoid first-pass metabolism, and reduce the side
effects and dose required for administration.

Conclusion::

Delivering drugs to the brain through the nasal route for treating Alzheimer's disease
is crucial due to the limited efficacy of existing treatments and the profound impact of the disease
on patients and their families. Thus, by exploring innovative approaches such as nose-to-brain
drug delivery, it is possible to improve the quality of life for individuals living with Alzheimer's
and alleviate its societal burden.
The Unveiling of Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease: An
Integrative Review
Authors: Madar Pratiksha , Nagalapur Pooja , Chaudhari Somdatta , Sharma Devesh , Koparde Akshada , Buchade Rahul , Kshirsagar Sandip , Uttekar Pravin , Jadhav Shailaja , Chaudhari Praveen
Published: March 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a complex pathological landscape, necessitating
a comprehensive treatment approach. This concise review paper delves into the idea of addressing
multiple mechanisms in AD, summarizing the latest research findings on pathogenesis,
risk factors, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies. The etiology of AD is multifaceted, involving
genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The primary feature is the accumulation of amyloid--
beta and tau proteins, leading to neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and
neuronal loss. Conventional single-target therapies have shown limited effectiveness, prompting a
shift toward simultaneously addressing multiple disease-related processes. Recent advancements
in AD research underscore the potential of multifaceted therapies. This review explores strategies
targeting both tau aggregation and amyloid-beta, along with interventions to alleviate neuroinflammation,
enhance synaptic function, and reduce oxidative stress. In conclusion, the review emphasizes
the growing importance of addressing various pathways in AD treatment. A holistic approach
that targets different aspects of the disease holds promise for developing effective treatments
and improving the quality of life for Alzheimer's patients and their caregivers.
[EMIM] [OAc]: An Efficient Ionic Liquid Medium for the Synthesis of
New 4-(furan/pyrrole/thiophene-2-yl)-3, 4-dihydro-1H-chromeno [4,3-d]
pyrimidine-2,5-diones and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Pullagura Siva Prakash , Thiriveedhi Arunkumar , Battula Venkateswara Rao , Akula Raghunadh , Begum Ahil Sajeli , Pulla Sai Lakshmi Soukya
Published: March 2024

An efficient synthesis of Chromeno[b]pyrimidine derivatives 4 has been achieved by treating
4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one 1, furan-2-carbaldehyde / 1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde/ thiophene-2-
carbaldehyde 2, and urea/thiourea 3 at 65-70 °C for 90-120 min using 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium
acetate as ionic liquid and medium with good yields 86-90%. This synthetic method has numerous
advantages, including high yields, a simple protocol, environmental friendliness, brief reaction times,
and mild reaction conditions. Using a catalytically active ionic liquid as the medium eliminates the
need for a catalyst and a solvent. In this study, the docking score of the synthesized compounds was
found to be between -8 to -9 kcal/mol similar to the co-crystal. Additionally, the compounds maintained
their amino acid interactions with Tyr 281 (coagulation protein; 6WV3) and Thr 179 (tubulin
polymerization protein; 5LYJ.pdb).
MR Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Evaluating Immediate HIFU Treatment
Response of Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Cui Yunneng , Zhang Jing , RAO Jiaming , Feng Minqing , Yao Liangfeng , Liao Weibin , Liang Cuishan , Huang Yanping
Published: March 2024

Background:

Nowadays, High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is a common surgery option for the treatment of uterine fibroids in China, the immediate
response of which is clinically evaluated using Contrast Enhanced (CE) imaging. However, the injection of gadolinium with its potential adverse
effect is of concern in CE and therefore, it deserves efforts to find a better imaging method without the need for contrast agent injection for this
task.

Objective:

To assess the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in evaluating the immediate therapeutic response of HIFU treatment for uterine fibroids in
comparison with CE.

Methods:

68 patients with 74 uterine fibroids receiving HIFU treatment were enrolled, and immediate treatment response was assessed using post-surgical
DWI images. Semi-quantitative ordinal ablation quality grading and quantitative nonperfusion volume (NPV) measurement based on DWI and CE
imaging were determined by two experienced radiologists. Agreement of ablation quality grading between DWI and CE was assessed using the
weighted kappa coefficient, while intraobserver, interobserver and interprotocol agreements of NPV measurements within and between DWI and
CE were evaluated using the intraclass correlation (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis.

Results:

Grading of immediate HIFU treatment response showed a moderate agreement between DWI and CE (weighted kappa = 0.446, p < 0.001). NPV
measured in 65 fibroids with DWI of Grade 3~5 showed very high ICCs for the intraobserver and interobserver agreement within DWI and CE (all
ICC > 0.980, p < 0.001) and also for the interprotocol agreement between DWI and CE (ICC = 0.976, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

DWI could provide satisfactory ablation quality grading, and reliable NPV quantification results to assess immediate therapeutic responses of
HIFU treatment for uterine fibroids in most cases, which suggests that non-contrast enhanced DWI might be potentially used as a more costeffective
and convenient method in a large proportion of patients for this task replacing CE imaging.
Chyawanprash: A Trending Ayurvedic Product in the Modern
Healthcare
Authors: Singh Amrat Pal , Anurag  , Saifi Alimuddin , Sharma Alok
Published: March 2024

Ayurveda is a comprehensive part of the ancient Indian medicine system and is considered
the different classical remedies to treat numerous diseases. According to Ayurveda, the
diet consumed should contain nutritious particulars that have the ability to prevent diseases and
foster a healthy lifestyle. Rasayana Shastra (branch of Ayurveda) encompasses a range of specialised
treatments aimed at extending life, avoiding ageing and illnesses, decreasing degenerative
processes, and maintaining good health. Chyawanprash is unquestionably the most popular
of all rasayana formulations. For ages, it has been used as a supplement to maintain health and
improve immunity and longevity. It is a powerful health supplement composed of over forty
herbs that have been a part of the Indian diet before the arrival of antioxidant supplements, vitamins,
and minerals. Recently, there has been a switch to plant-based derived products and ancient
systems due to an increase in global acceptance. The present challenges in the re-emerging
of Chyawanprash-based function food have been reviewed. Despite a large number of research
reports that have appeared for decades, ancient recipes, methods of preparations, scientific validation,
traditional uses, bioactive compounds, and pharmacological properties of Chyawanprash
and clinical evidence are some major lacking. Further quality assessments are required to establish
the mechanism of action of the standardized Chyawanprash functional food and nutraceuticals
toward the roles of the bioactive(s) in health.
Medicinal Plants and Natural Antioxidants Effective Against Corona: A Systematic Review
Authors: Razmjoue Damoun , Pirhadi Mohadeseh , Bahmani Mahmoud
Published: March 2024

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is a type of acute respiratory syndrome
caused by a virus from the family of coronaviruses that has affected all the countries of the
world in a short period.

Objective:

The purpose of this review is to identify and report medicinal plants effective against
covid-19. In this study, the keywords containing medicinal plants and "corona disease" i.e. covid-19,
MERS, SARS-CoV-2, and medicinal plants or natural antioxidants were used.

Methodology:

Search databases including ISI, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Mag Iran,
and SID were used. Relevant articles were selected and unrelated articles were excluded.

Results:

Based on the obtained results, medicinal plants such as Isatis indigotica Fortune, Bupleurum
spp., Curcuma longa L., Cibotium barometz (L.), Rheum palmatum L., Rheum palmatum L., Sprag,
Scutettaria baicalensis Georg, Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Salvia
miltiorrhiza Bunge, Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, Tribulus terrestris
L, Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent., Stephania tetrandra S. Moore and related species,
Sambucus formosana Nakai, Strobilanthes cusia, Lycoris radiata, E. purpurea, Lobelia inflata,
Eupatorium perfoliatum, and Achyranthes aspera are the most important medicinal plants that are
used in the treatment of Covid-19.

Conclusion:

Due to having secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity, medicinal plants have a
favorable effect in improving corona symptoms in patients with covid-19.
Glandular Trichomes: Bio-cell Factories of Plant Secondary Metabolites
Authors: Shukla Pragya , Prasad Archana , Chawda Khushboo , Saxena Gauri , Pandey Kapil D. , Chakrabarty Debasis
Published: March 2024

Trichomes are specialised epidermal outgrowth that is present on the aerial
parts of plants. On the basis of morphological and cellular variation, they are
categorized into non-glandular trichomes (NGTs) and glandular trichomes (GTs).
NGTs are known to be involved in the protective and defensive roles that attribute to
provide structural and chemical corroboration to form specialized groups of secondary
metabolites. GTs are specialized micro-organs that are considered factories for the
biosynthesis of a considerable amount of different classes of bioactive metabolites.
Conventionally these glandular and non-glandular trichomes are known for their
protective roles against different biotic and abiotic stresses. Recently, they have
attracted the interest of various researchers as a specialized organ for the production of
various bioactive molecules of high pharmaceutical and commercial values. The major
groups of secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanes,
methyl ketones, acyl sugars and defensive proteins are reported in the trichomes of
different plant species. However, the conception of the molecular regulation of their
biosynthesis, storage and distribution during the development of trichomes is scattered.
This review compiles structural and functional aspects of GTs and NGTs along with
the molecular mechanism regulated for the production of secondary metabolite in these
specialized organs. In addition, the role of several bio-physical parameters that affect
the trichome biochemistry, which either directly or indirectly influence the biosynthesis
of secondary metabolite, will also be focussed. The systemized knowledge of trichome
biology, secondary metabolite pathway modulation and metabolic engineering at one
platform will be helpful to explore recent advances in the field of trichome engineering
in many medicinally important plants. 
Antimicrobial Efficacy of In Vitro Cultures and their Applications
Authors: Kumari Nishi , Jaiswal Pooja , Yadav Alpana , Gupta Ashish , Pandey Brajesh Chandra
Published: March 2024

Treatment of microbial infections has become more challenging with the
evolution of antibiotic resistant microbes and indiscriminate use of antibiotics. Several
phytochemicals have shown potential inhibitory action against such microbes. These
antimicrobials have shown their efficacy in treating such infections. These natural
products also played significant role in restoration of activity of less effective
antibiotics, when used in combination with antibiotics. But still, scientists are facing
some major challenges in using such metabolites for medicines- there is urgent need to
explore more plants showing microbial inhibition activity, plant products from field
grown plants are not sufficient to meet the growing demand and purification of
antimicrobial compounds, so that dosage for patients can be finalized. Tissue culture
has emerged as great technology not only in the conservation of such medicinal plants
but it provides major application for the production of secondary metabolites. Various
micropropagules such as calli, in vitro cultures, and cell suspensions have shown their
potential for the production of pharmaceutically active compounds similar to mature
plants. Production of such phytochemicals can be enhanced by manipulating media
supplements, culture conditions and elicitations. As, in nature production of
antimicrobials is the result of interaction between the plants and microbes, therefore,
such interaction can be provided to in vitro cultures by biotic elicitation. In vitro
production of antimicrobial compounds has been reported in many plants such as
Ricinus communis, Calendula officinalis, Abrus precatorius, etc. Thus, plant tissue
culture paves an efficient and feasible method of production of such natural compounds
as an alternative of antibiotics.
La gobernanza corporativa de la actividad ganadera en Sonoyta, Sonora, México
Authors: Jaimes-Valdez Miguel Angel , Jacobo-Hernández Carlos Armando , Flores-Corral Adán Dionicio
Published: March 2024

La actividad ganadera en Sonora, México es fundamental para el desarrollo social y económico de la región. Sin embargo, sus integrantes enfrentan diversos problemas que podrían amenazar su permanencia; uno de ellos es la figura del intermediario. Por lo cual, se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo y descriptivo de los mecanismos de gobernanza corporativa en la ciudad de Sonoyta, Sonora. Los resultados indican la falta de ayuda, apoyo económico, asistencia técnica, comunicación y solidaridad por parte del intermediario hacia el productor, aunque sí proporciona un precio justo por los productos. Por lo anterior, se recomienda continuar con nuevos estudios para conocer mejor el objeto de estudio.
Analysis of Artifacts and Errors on Intraoral Phosphor Plate Radiographs: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yurttas Melike
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The advantages of phosphor plates (PPs), including their flexibility, thinness, and wireless connectivity, have contributed to their widespread use in dentistry alongside the advancement of digital radiography techniques. Continuous use of PPs and certain errors may lead to artifacts on the images. This retrospective study aimed to determine the frequency and types of intraoral PP artifacts.

Methods. This study was conducted on 814 intraoral PP radiographs, including periapical and bitewing images. The errors and artifacts were classified into 4 main categories: technical errors, plate-related artifacts, scanner-induced artifacts, and ambient light artifacts.

Results. A total of 656 periapical and 158 bitewing radiographs were examined. The most observed artifacts on the radiographs were plate-related artifacts, followed by technical errors (n=542, n=461, respectively). Within the category of plate-related artifacts, the most common artifacts were cracks or scratches (n=418, 77.1%), while within the category of technical errors, these were cone-cut errors (n=188, 40.7%). Parallel or zigzag radiopaque lines were the most common scanner-induced artifacts (n=313, 98.7%) and fading was the most common ambient light artefact (n=93, 49.2%). On more than half of the PPs, more than one artifact group was observed.

Conclusions. Cone-cut, cracks/scratches, parallel zigzag radiopaque lines, and fading were common PP artifacts and errors in this study. The analysis revealed that over half of the PPs exhibited appearance of more than one artifact group. The high frequency of artifacts poses a risk of incorrect and incomplete diagnoses in radiographs, emphasizing the crucial importance of understanding the causes and developing effective prevention strategies for artifacts to enhance the reliability of diagnostic imaging and ensure the accuracy of patient assessments.
From tomographic imaging to numerical simulations: an open-source workflow for true morphology mesoscale FE meshes
Authors: Cheikh Sleiman Hani , Moreira Murilo Henrique , Tengattini Alessandro , Dal Pont Stefano
Published: March 2024

Full-field techniques such as tomography are becoming progressively more central in the study of complex phenomena, in particular where spatiotemporal evolution is crucial, as in moisture transport or crack initiation in porous media. These techniques provide a unique insight in the local process whose quantification allows the improvement of our understanding and of the models describing them. Nevertheless, the model validation can be pushed further by attempting to explicitly represent the heterogeneities and simulate their role in the processes. Once validated, these models can be used to perform “virtual experiments”, and overcome the limitations of the experiments (e.g., sample size and number, fine control of the boundary and initial conditions). This study proposes a connection between tomography images and mesoscale models through a workflow that mainly employs open-source tools. This workflow is illustrated through the digitization of a Portland cement concrete sample, stemming from neutron tomographies and resulting in a numerical finite element mesh. The proposed workflow is flexible, allowing for the conversion of images from various sources, such as x-ray or neutron tomographies, to different numerical representations of the domain, such as finite element meshes or even a discrete domain required by discrete element methods, while preserving real morphologies with an accuracy proportionate to the specific need of the problem. Beside its generalizability, our method also offers automated labelling of the different domains and boundaries in both the volumetric and surface meshes, which is often necessary for assigning material properties and boundary conditions. Finally, the series of image, geometry and mesh processing steps described in this work are made available on a GitHub repository.
Učinkovitost i komplikacije neinvazivne respiratorne potpore, posebice liječenja s kontinuiranim pozitivnim tlakom u dišnim putevima kod COVID bolesnika
Authors: Karković Nikica , Šitum Ivan , Mažar Mirabel , Lovrić Daniel , Erceg Ante , Mamić Gloria , Džaja Nikolina , Mihaljević Dragan , Karmelić Dora , Perković Romana , Mihaljević Slobodan
Published: March 2024

Početkom pandemije COVID-19 zdravstveni sustavi pretrpjeli su ogroman pritisak radi velikog priljeva COVID bolesnika, a dodatnom opterećenju pridonio je manjak zdravstvenog osoblja te prijeteća nestašica respiratora. Također je zabilježena visoka smrtnost bolesnika na invazivnoj mehaničkoj ventilaciji. Zbog navedenih razloga pokrenula se rasprava o većem korištenju neinvazivne respiratorne potpore (engl. non-invasive respiratory support; NIRS), što obuhvaća kisik u visokim protocima apliciran putem nosnih kanila (engl. high-flow nasal cannula; HFNC), primjenu kontinuiranog pozitivnog tlaka u dišnim putevima (engl. continuous positive airway pressure; CPAP) i neinvazivnu ventilaciju (NIV). Nažalost, ne postoje standardizirane smjernice za odabir pacijenata za pojedini modalitet neinvazivne respiratorne potpore te je učinkovitost NIRS-a i dalje predmet brojnim raspravama i istraživanjima. Rezultati dosadašnjih studija sugeriraju da NIRS može poboljšati oksigenaciju te smanjiti potrebu za invazivnom mehaničkom ventilacijom i rizik od smrti kod COVID bolesnika. Međutim, učinkovitost i usporedbe pojedinih modaliteta neinvazivne respiratorne potpore istraživane su u svega nekoliko studija. Posljednje studije ukazuju na superiornost CPAP-a naspram NIV-a i HFNC-a, ali je rezultate potrebno interpretirati s oprezom pošto većina dosadašnjih studija o korištenju neinvazivnih modaliteta ventilacije kod COVID bolesnika ima značajna ograničenja i nedostatke. Tijekom neinvazivne respiratorne potpore potrebno je pažljivo monitorirati kliničko stanje pacijenta uz periodičku analizu plinova u arterijskoj krvi te procjenu HACOR skora (engl. heart rate, acidosis, consciousness, oxygenation, respiratry rate). Potrebno je na vrijeme prepoznati i reagirati na eventualne komplikacije neinvazivne respiratorne potpore. Iako se stopa plućne barotraume tijekom neinvazivne respiratorne potpore do sada smatrala zanemarivo niskom, istraživanja kod COVID bolesnika pokazala su puno višu incidenciju, što se na temelju dosadašnjih istraživanja pripisuje specifičnoj patofiziologiji virusa SARS-CoV-2. Proglašenje neinvazivne respiratorne potpore neuspješnom donosi se na temelju kliničkog prosuđivanja, a trebala bi biti individualizirana za svakog bolesnika i prepoznata na vrijeme jer se odgađanje intubacije i invazivne ventilacije pokazalo nezavisnim čimbenikom rizika za razvoj plućnih komplikacija i lošijeg ishoda.
Risk and Uncertainty Consideration in the Practice of Lean Production
Authors: Sysoeva E. A. , Khoroshilova T. I.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study is to consider the concepts of "risk" and "uncertainty" in the innovative processes of the enterprise in the practic e of lean production.

   The objectives of the study are to identify the essence of innovation risks, to consider the conceptual apparatus of risks and decision-making in conditions of uncertainty, to consider the components of uncertainty, to give an example of uncertainty and the behavior of the company in this context.

   Methodology. In this study the following research methods were used: analysis of theoretical materials, synthesis and generalization of literature, as well as classification, description and comparison.

   Results. The classification of innovation risks is developed, the differences between such concepts as "risk" and "uncertainty" are considered, the types of uncertainty and the algorithm for assessing innovation risks and uncertainties are studied, the experience of using lean production tools, accompanied by risks and uncertainty, is considered.

   Conclusions. Implementing lean production in an industrial enterprise can be a challenging task. However, if risks are taken into account and adequately managed, lean production can bring significant benefits in the form of increased efficiency, reduced costs and improved quality of products or services. Uncertainty is an integral part of the innovation sphere of the economy. Companies that competently manage uncertainty and are ready to adapt to changes have a better chance of success in innovation business.
Cognitive Modeling of Cargo Port Risk Management
Authors: Bondareva I. O.
Published: March 2024

Рurpose of research. Increasing the efficiency of cargo port business processes through the use of risk management technology based on the application of a cognitive modeling.

Methods. A cognitive modeling of cargo port risk management is proposed, based on a comprehensive step-by-step application of the concept of multi-level goal setting, which involves a thorough elaboration of the cargo port's goals, as well as indicators for assessing the achievability of goals by developing a balanced scorecard (BSS) and constructing a logicalprobabilistic (LP) model; a logical-ontological model developed on the basis of the connections established by the LP model; a simulation model used to check recommendations for adjusting the elements of the system under consideration, developed on the basis of queries to the ontological model, in order to select the most acceptable options for recommendations or combinations thereof and formulate management decisions based on them.

Results.  Based on the formulated purpose of the study and the assigned tasks, a concept of cognitive modeling was developed, which involves the use of knowledge about the connections between risks, goals, indicators for assessing port activities, as well as clarifying coefficients and the nature of their influence on each other in order to develop recommendations for managing the risks of a cargo port at based on queries to the ontological model. The simulation model within the framework of the proposed conceptual approach allows us to develop management decisions on adjusting the operational components of the system in order to prevent risk situations in the long term (at the tactical and strategic levels) taking into account the influence of external factors. Cognitive modeling is based in this work on the integration of logical-probabilistic, logical-ontological and simulation modeling.

Conclusion. As a result of the implementation of the set goals and objectives, a cognitive model of cargo port risk management was proposed. This model combines various types of modeling and takes into account different levels of management. As a result of experiments with a simulation model, the most effective recommendations generated based on a query to the ontological model are selected as management decisions.
Estandarización de un sistema de infección con cepas de Fusarium solani en plantas de granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.).
Authors: Rojas E. , Luque N. , Vergara J. , Aguirre J. , Hio J. , Osorio J. , Martínez E.
Published: March 2024

Colombia es uno de los principales exportadores de granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) en fresco a nivel mundial; para el año 2016 la producción fue de 42.950 toneladas. La enfermedad denominada secadera (Fusarium solani sexual Haematonectria haematococca) es el limitante más importante en el cultivo en su etapa productiva, con pérdidas que oscilan entre el 25 y 60 %. Con el fin de establecer estudios de patogenicidad, evaluar variantes patogénicas del hongo y establecer respuesta del hospedero, se estandarizó un sistema de infección en plantas de granadilla.
Expresión y purificación de la aSFP recombinante bovina usando fabricas celulares bacterianas
Authors: Rueda Fabián L. , Polo Olivella Jesús A. , Cardozo Cerquera Jaime A
Published: March 2024

Las proteínas del plasma seminal (PPS) juegan un papel fundamental en los cambios que sufre la célula espermática desde la eyaculación hasta la fecundación del ovocito. En los bovinos, la estructura y función de las PPS han sido descritas en múltiples trabajos y se ha destacado a las espermadhesinas como un grupo de PPS con gran importancia. Por sus características estructurales, las espermadhesinas están relacionadas con la motilidad espermática y con la protección del espermatozoide contra el estrés oxidativo. Se ha determinado que, dentro de la familia de las espermadhesinas, proteínas como la aSFP (acidic Seminal Plasma Protein) tienen una actividad redox importante que brinda protección al espermatozoide frente a las especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) y que esta actividad puede ser aprovechada para mejorar la calidad seminal en procesos de criopreservación.