bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Facts, not Fear": Islamophobia, Coronaphobia and the Language of Fear
Authors: Della Gatta Marisa
Published: July 2023

The world is currently living in a time in which crises are at the doorstep. The primary scope of this study is to shed some light on the role of fear and extremist discourses during security threats. Islamist terrorism and the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic are frames for evaluating the responses of Islamophobia and Coronaphobia. The use of fear in politics has been convincingly linked by Wodak (2021) with extreme rhetoric and the refusal to conform to any value-normative model or stereotype. This article argues that extreme and divisive discourses surrounding the Covid-19 pandemic have not substituted fears of “otherness” (van Dijk 2009), but rather have created a new dimension of fearing the unknown. Looking for communalities between Coronaphobic and Islamophobic discourses, this study undertakes a corpus-based discourse analysis (Baker 2006; Gee 2011) of online reports and instances of fear and extremist speech on traditional and social media, Facebook and Twitter (Zappavigna 2012). First, this article provides a background of representations of hateful and fearful rhetoric with the aim of evaluating differences and similarities in online reports, speeches, press releases and social media posts. A diachronic analysis of a self-compiled collection of texts containing an extremist and/or phobic stance, with a special focus on Australia, follows. The study can foster the understanding of the interplay between fear and insecurity.
The Cost-of-Living Crisis in the UK: An Economy on the Edge
Authors: Ellison Marion
Published: July 2023

This chapter examines the economic, social and environmental conditions underlying the cost-of-living crisis and its impact on social and health inequalities in the UK. This examination adopts a theoretical approach based upon social ecological economics premised on the view that economic, social, and environmental conditions are interactive and interdependent. The chapter provides an analysis of key factors underpinning the cost-of-living crisis in the UK, including, the UK’s departure from the European Union, the Covid-19 pandemic, the ecological implications of climate change and th e conflict in Ukraine. The central argument of the chapter is that the impact of the cost-of-living crisis on the profile and depth of poverty and health inequalities in distinct societies is shaped by the economic, social, and environmental circumstances that people experience during infancy, childhood development, employment, environment, and ageing. These circumstances are forged within a broader set of forces and systems including distinct economic policies and systems, political systems and social, health, educational, environmental policies. These specificities are critical to understanding the impact of broader global factors on the cost of living within distinct societal contexts. A central finding of the chapter is that whilst a range of global factors have contributed to the cost-of-living crisis in the UK, a substantive body of economic analysis conducted during 2021 and 2022 clearly evidences that the cost-of-living crisis in the UK has been significantly worsened by the economic and labour market impacts of the UK’s departure from the European Union.
Interview to Stanley Johnson
Authors: Milizia Denise , Silletti Alida Maria
Published: July 2023

The Editors of this volume were keen to discuss with Stanley Johnson some past, present and future core issues around Brexit and how the UK has handled the coronavirus pandemic. The interview started in May 2021 during a conference on the platform Microsoft Teams, titled “Post-Brexit political discourse at the time of COVID-19”, of which the Department of Political Science at the University of Bari Aldo Moro holds the video. Two years on, we asked our guest to continue the interview and give us some updates, after the several events that have occurred in the UK and in the world. The Editors want to thank Stanley Johnson for accepting a few more questions. The second set of questions was answered in writing in April 2023.
Political Polarization and the Coronavirus Pandemic in the United States
Authors: Olson Laura
Published: July 2023

This chapter examines the effects of political orientation, right-wing media usage, and direct experience with the Covid-19 virus on people’s perceptions of the virus’s seriousness and their assessments of President Donald Trump’s handling of the crisis. Using survey data from the Pew Research Center’s American Trends Panel, I show that strong partisanship (being a liberal Democrat or, especially, a conservative Republican) polarizes public opinion concerning the seriousness of Covid-19 and Trump’s job performance. Increased reliance has a similar effect, but direct experience with the virus itself has little impact on these attitudes. My analyses illuminate the fact that people in the United States today exist in two separate political echo chambers, and that these divisions are having life-and-death ramifications.
Normality and translation of IFS(G × Q) under norms
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Payame Noor University, Rasuli Rasul
Published: July 2023

In this article, we introduce the idea of normality and translation of Q-intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups with respect to norms (t-norm T and t-conorm C) and some interesting results of them are given. Conditions for level cut subsets of them are explored and provided. Finally, we investigate them by using group homomorphisms are investigated.
Trigonometric-based operators over intuitionistic fuzzy sets
Authors:   Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Vassilev Peter
Published: July 2023

In the present paper we introduce two new operators over intuitionistic fuzzy sets and study their properties.
fábrica de escuelas: masas, soberanía y repetición
Authors: Navarrete Nicolás P.
Published: July 2023

No presenta resumen.
Más allá de la música mapuche: equívoco, definiciones y resistencias
Authors:   Instituto de Música. Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Díaz-Collao Leonardo
Published: July 2023

A partir de un ejercicio de “equivocidad controlada” (Viveiros de Castro 2004; 2010, 71-74), en este artículo reflexiono sobre el lugar del concepto de música en la acustemología mapuche. El texto está estructurado en tres secciones: en la primera discuto las propuestas conceptuales sobre música mapuche elaboradas por autores y autoras durante las últimas décadas; en la segunda, reviso algunas categorías clave de la lengua mapuche relacionadas con el sonido; por último, comento el trabajo de las autoras que abiertamente resisten el concepto de música y propongo algunas ideas sobre la posición de la etnomusicología en esta discusión. La examinación de las aproximaciones desarrolladas en torno a este debate me lleva a concluir que la resistencia mapuche al concepto de música es otra expresión de un proyecto descolonizador que invita a pensar desde los desajustes en lugar de intentar llenar aparentes carencias conceptuales. Propongo que puede resultar más provechoso reflexionar sobre la acustemología mapuche situando a la categoría música en un lugar periférico. Posicionarla en el centro ha producido en parte una etnomusicología normativa. El camino que sugiero es el opuesto: una etnomusicología no taxonómica que desplace el concepto de música al banquillo.
Música espectral minimalista: el caso de las músicas para voz y campanas de Llorenç Barber
Authors:   Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), García Fernández Isaac
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo reflexiona acerca de la expansión del pensamiento espectral hacia diversas manifestaciones sonoras relacionadas con el minimalismo musical. En diferentes creaciones de corte minimalista se aprecia una honda preocupación por la naturaleza del sonido y sus posibilidades de proyección en el tiempo. Frente a la tradicional concepción de la obra musical como narración lineal, muchas de estas propuestas afrontan una dimensión orgánica y circular del tiempo, que revela un especial interés por los procesos de percepción auditiva. El trabajo del compositor, artista sonoro y performer español Llorenç Barber (n. 1948) representa un valioso ejemplo de espectralismo heterodoxo de enfoque minimalista. Sus creaciones para voz difónica y campanas exploran, desde una perspectiva empírica e intuitiva, las propiedades acústicas del sonido. De este modo, el timbre, expandido en amplios marcos temporales, se convierte en el principal elemento que edifica su discurso sonoro.
Effect of Modifications on the Chemical Composition, X-Ray Diffraction Pattern and Scanning Morphology of Starches from Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta and Xanthosoma sagittifolium)
Authors: Ojo T. P. , Sanni T. A. , Arinola S. O.
Published: July 2023

The effect of annealing, heat moisture treatment and citric acid on major physicochemical properties of cocoyam starch was investigated. This was done in order to establish the optimum processing condition with the aim of enhancing the utilization capacity of the starch. Starch extracted from red and white Cocoyam (Tania) Xanthosoma sagittifolium and Taro Colocasia esculenta cultivars respectively were subjected to modification using annealing, heat moisture treatment and citric acid methods. The modified and native starch samples were analyzed for chemical composition using standard methods, likewise the x-ray diffraction pattern and starch granules morphology of the samples were assessed. The result showed that amylose content ranged from 24.81 - 38.16%, protein 0.00 – 0.77%, ash 1.19 – 3.16 and carbohydrate 84.19 – 86.79%. The X-ray diffraction patterns of red and white cocoyam starches showed a strong peak at 15o, 18o and 23o (2ø) indicating A-type starch. Colocasia esculenta starch also displayed A-type diffraction pattern with additional peak at 24o. The modification methods used did not change the diffraction pattern of the starch samples but only influenced the intensity of the diffraction peak. The scanning electron micrographs showed that the starch granules were small to medium in size with most having irregular shape and smooth surface. Annealing and citric acid caused little noticeable fractures on some granules without compromising starch granules integrity. Heat moisture treatment however resulted in evident loss of starch granules integrity. The modification methods affected the physicochemical properties of cocoyam starch samples in a varying pattern which may qualify the starch samples for use in different food and non-food applications.
Evaluation of Total Hydrocarbon Contents in the Leaves of Selected Crops Grown on Crude Oil Polluted Agricultural Soil
Authors: Madubuike Mercy Ngozi , Ogbulie Toochukwu Ekwutosi , Unegbu Chidinma Alvana , Johnson Janet Damilola , Ibe Chimela Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

Aim: The Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) levels in the leaves of three edible plants (Allium cepa, Telfairia occidentalis and Zea mays) grown on soil polluted with 100 ml of crude oil were examined.

Study Design: This experiment was conducted in two groups where the soil samples were polluted before planting (PB) and polluted 2 weeks after planting (PA).

Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out at the Federal University of Technology, Owerri (FUTO), Imo State, Nigeria, within a period of 4 weeks based on each group’s pollution time.

Methodology: The tests for total hydrocarbon content (THC) were analyzed at different wavelengths for polluted soil and leaf samples using UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. Soil THC tests were determined on days 0, 14 and 28 respectively while THC tests on leaves of study plants were assessed on day 14 and 28.

Results: The total hydrocarbon content values of the unpolluted soil (UPS) and the non-planted polluted soil (PS) subjected to this analysis on day zero were (UPS = 96.38 mg/kg; PS = 1082.80 mg/kg). However, results obtained on day 14 and 28 showed significant difference (P < 0.05) between the unpolluted soil sample (UPS) and all the planted polluted soil for Telfairia occidentalis (TOPB, TOPA), Allium cepa (ACPB, ACPA), Zea mays (ZMPB, ZMPA) as well as, the non-planted polluted soil (PS). For the leaf samples, TOPB had the highest THC value of 14.47mg/kg and 36.73 mg/kg for day 14 and 28 respectively while ZMPB had the lowest value of 5.38mg/kg at day 14 and ZMPA, the least THC value of 7.76mg/kg at day 28.

Conclusion: Based on the varying THC levels observed in the leaves of crops used for this study; it was connoted that, bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons depends on the plants phytoremediation capability and the mode of pollution as observed in TOPB.
Assessment of Genetic Divergence in White Finger Millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] Genotypes for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits
Authors: Basavaraj  , Yogeesh L. N. , Ningaraju T. M.
Published: July 2023

The present investigation is carried out to study the genetic divergence among 55 finger millet genotypes for fourteen quantitative characters using Mahalanobis D2 statistics during kharif, 2020. D2 statistics indicated that the genotypes studied were genetically diverse. The 55 genotypes of finger millet were grouped into 6 clusters irrespective of geographical diversity, indicating no parallelism between geographic and genetic diversity. Clusters I had highest number of 50 genotypes and remaining all clusters had solitary. A wider genetic diversity was observed for the different traits studied among the genotypes as evidenced by the formation of six clusters. Out of fourteen quantitative traits studied grain yield per plant contributed majorly towards divergence with the value of 15.65% followed by productive tillers per plant contributes (12%), harvest index (10%) and other traits contribute minorly for divergence.
Studies on Inter-traits Relationship and Path Co-efficient for Fruit Yield and its Related Traits in Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch ex. Poir)
Authors: Verma Aniket Kumar , Singh Vikash , Patel Vikas , Tripathi Prashant Kumar , Sonkar Saurabh , Rai Akanksha , Annapurnima  , Neha  , Singh V. B. , Mishra A. C.
Published: July 2023

In the summer of 2019, a field experiment was carried out at the Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology of Main Experiment Station in Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P), India. The research material consisted of twenty-eight genotypes, including three standard checks viz., Azad Kaddu, Arka Chandan, and Pusa Vikash, conducted in a Completely Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three independent replications. The germplasm of pumpkin was collected from different sources to study path co-efficient analysis of different characters on fruit yield per plant at the phenotypic and genotypic levels for different quantitative traits. The path co-efficient analysis revealed that the highly positive direct contribution towards fruit yield came from average fruit weight (0.781) followed by the number of fruit per plant (0.750) but also as well as fruit equatorial circumference (0.021) and flesh thickness (0.048) was exerted a positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant and these traits might be considered as a high yield symbols of pumpkin and might be used as selection criteria in the breeding program to improve the yield in pumpkin.
Effect of NPK and Zinc Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Health, Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Meena Lokendra , Bharose Ram , David Arun Alfred , Thomas Tarence , Toppo Neha , Kumar Harsh
Published: July 2023

An objective of study effect on inorganic sources of NPK and Zn fertilizers on soil health with the experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three levels of NPK (00%, 50% and 100%), and Zinc (00%, 50% and 100%) Recommended Dose of fertilizer applied in all treatments. The result showed that the soil properties, growth and yield of chickpea were significantly affected by application of NPK and Zinc. The highest growth and yield were observed in T9 (100%NPK +100% Zinc), followed by T8 (100% NPK and +50%Zinc ) ,whereas the lowest  growth and yield were observed in T1 (00% NPK +00% Zinc). The treatment T9 (NPK @ 100 % +Zn @ 100%) was recorded as best treatment for major soil parameters. The treatment T9 (NPK @ 100% + Zn @ 100 %)  also shows the significantly highest vegetative growth as well as yield attributes and net profit ₹45,186.00 ha-1 with cost benefit ratio is 1:2.17.
Analisis Kiat Sukses Po dalam Film "Kungfu Panda"
Authors: Emmanuela Felita
Published: July 2023

Kesuksesan Po tidak hanya karena ketangguhannya, terdapat banyak kiat sukses lainnya yang juga berkontribusi besar bagi kesuksesan Po. Karena itu penulis ingin menjadikan kiat-kiat sukses tersebut sebagai objek penelitian agar nantinya dapat memberi inspirasi bagi pembaca. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana Po berhasil menjadi seorang Pendekar Naga, meski menghadapi banyak rintangan yang sulit. Ruang lingkup penelitian ini adalah film “Kungfu Panda”, khususnya Po, tokoh utama film. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analisis literatur dan film. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk menganalisis objek penelitian. Prosedur penelitian adalah menonton film “Kungfu Panda”, lalu menganalisis tindakan atau dialog dalam film yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian dan sesuai dengan teori yang digunakan, lalu membuat kesimpulan kiat sukses Po. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakter positif Po dan dukungan orang sekitar sangat berperan penting bagi Po dalam meraih kesuksesannya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meraih sukses, seseorang memerlukan karakter diri yang positif dan dukungan orang lain.
ANALISIS KONFLIK SOSIAL ANTAR TOKOH DALAM FILM “WǑMEN YǑNG BÙ YÁN QÌ” KARYA ROY CHOW
Authors: Anggraeni Tika
Published: July 2023

Judul penelitian ini adalah “Analisis Konflik Sosial Antar Tokoh dalam film Wǒmen Yǒng Bù Yán Qì Karya Roy Chow”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas tentang bentuk konflik sosial yang terdapat dalam film Wǒmen Yǒng Bù Yán Qì dan gambaran tokoh utama memiliki konflik sosial dengan tokoh lain dalam film Wǒmen Yǒng Bù Yán Qì. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori dari Setiadi dan Kolip. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu bentuk konflik sosial yang terdapat dalam film Wǒmen Yǒng Bù Yán Qì berupa konflik sosial antarpribadi, konflik sosial kepentingan, konflik sosial antargolongan/kelompok dan konflik sosial antarkelas. Gambaran tokoh utama memiliki konflik sosial dengan tokoh lain meliputi konflik yang terjadi antara tokoh Zhōu Shǐ dengan Madam Fang, tokoh Zhōu Shǐ dengan Manager, tokoh Zhōu Shǐ dengan Zhou Zizai. Kata kunci: Konflik Sosial; Film; Wǒmen Yǒng Bù Yán Qì; Tokoh 摘要 本研究的题目是 《我们永不言弃》 电影中人物之间的社会冲突分析。本研 究旨在探讨社会冲突的形式 《我们永不言弃》, 影片中主人公与剧中其他角色发生社会冲突的描写 《我们永不言弃》 电影。本研究采用的分析方法是描述性定性方法。本研究采用 Setiadi 和 Kolip 的理论。本研究的结果是电影中包含的社会冲突形式 《我们永不言弃》主要表现为人际社会冲突、利益社会冲突、群体社会冲突、阶级社会冲突。对与其他人物发生社会冲突的主要人物的刻画包括：周始与方胜男、周始与经理、周始与周自在。 关键词： 社会冲突，电影，我们永不言弃，人物
SEMANGAT HAKKA YANG DICERMINKAN OLEH ORANG HAKKA MELALUI KEGIATAN MERAYAKAN IMLEK
Authors: Indahwati Siska , Christiana Elisa
Published: July 2023

Semangat Hakka yang diwujudkan pada diri orang Hakka Surabaya terlihat pada saat melakukan kegiatan perayaan Imlek yang dilakukan dari generasi ke generasi. Dari sepuluh semangat Hakka menurut “Buku Panduan Pemilihan Hakka Ako Amoi 2016” penelitian ini menemukan beberapa semangat yang paling menonjol. Skripsi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan mewawancarai enam orang yang berusia di atas 60 tahun, senior yang pada saat Imlek masih melakukan tradisi Imlek, enam orang paruh baya berusia 41 hingga 60 tahun dan enam orang muda mudi yang berusia 20 hingga 40 tahun. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah semangat Hakka yang tercermin pada kegiatan Imlek orang Hakka, yaitu “menghormati leluhur”, “berbakti” dan “kebersamaan”. Semangat Hakka yang tercermin pada kegiatan Imlek orang Hakka di perkumpulan, yaitu “berbakti”, “menjunjung tinggi kesetiakawanan” dan “kebersamaan”. Golongan senior, paruh baya dan muda mudi memiliki pemahaman yang berbeda mengenai semangat Hakka karena pengaruh pola pikir dan lingkungan sekitar mereka.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN PEMAHAMAN RADIKAL OLEH MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI BAHASA MANDARIN UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN PETRA 彼得拉基督教大学中文系学生理解偏旁偏误分析
Authors: Ivana Maria Mirabel
Published: July 2023

Pemahaman karakter hanzi merupakan sebuah hal yang sangat penting untuk diperhatikan ketika mempelajari bahasa Mandarin, bahasa Mandarin  memiliki radikal yang menghasilkan banyak karakter hanzi, sehingga kesalahan dalam pembacaan karakter hanzi sering terjadi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa jenis kesalahan dan penyebab kesalahan dalam pemahaman radikal karakter hanzi dalam kalimat bahasa Mandarin pada mahasiswa program studi Bahasa Mandarin angkatan 2016 Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya. Data dari penelitian ini didapat dari tes dan wawancara. Hasil analisis tes menunjukkan bahwa subjek penelitian masih belum memahami jenis dan letak radikal karakter hanzi terlihat dari persentase kesalahan yang cukup tinggi. Dari hasil wawancara penulis mendapatkan penyebab kesalahan dalam pemahaman radikal yaitu tidak mengetahui arti dari masing-masing radikal, tidak dapat mengingat keterkaitan antara radikal dan karakter hanzi yang telah dipelajari, serta kurangnya kemauan dari diri narasumber untuk mempelajari radikal karakter hanzi secara lebih mendalam.Kata kunci: Radikal karakter hanzi, Analisis Kesalahan, Bahasa Mandarin
Penggunaan Panggilan Kekerabatan Suku Hokkian Dialek Quanzhou Oleh Generasi Ketiga Hokkian Quanzhou Di Surabaya
Authors: Poadi Sintamelina
Published: July 2023

Di dalam kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat, kita memerlukan kata sapaan sebagai alat berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi dengan sesama. Di dalam lingkungan keluarga disebut sebagai panggilan kekerabatan. Panggilan kekerabatan sangat penting dan dapat menunjukkan peran atau hubungan setiap orang dalam keluarga. Pada abad ke 19 terjadi migrasi besar-besaran dimana orang Tiongkok yang sebagian besar adalah orang Hokkian datang dan menetap di Indonesia terutama di kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa bagaimana penggunaan panggilan kekerabatan Suku Hokkian dialek Quanzhou oleh generasi ketiga Hokkian Quanzhou di Surabaya saat ini, serta faktor-faktor perubahan penggunaan yang terjadi. Data penelitian didapatkan dari dilakukannya wawancara dengan sepuluh informan yang merupakan generasi ketiga dari Suku Hokkian Quanzhou di Surabaya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa beberapa dari subjek penelitian masih mengetahui dan menggunakan panggilan kekerabatan Suku Hokkian Dialek Quanzhou ini, namun banyak terjadi perubahan pengucapan yang digunakan. Selain itu juga terdapat perubahan penggunaan panggilan kekerabatan oleh beberapa subjek penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor- faktor yang melatarbelakangi perubahan penggunaan panggilan kekerabatan ini adalah disebabkan oleh hubungan keakraban, didikan dalam keluarga, latar belakang pendidikan orangtua, akulturasi budaya, westernisasi dan penggunaan bahasa.
Analisis Perbandingan Kata Sapaan Sosial Dalam Bahasa Mandarin-Indonesia
Authors: Iden Sabinus
Published: July 2023

"kata sapaan" adalah alat penting bagi orang untuk berkomunikasi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Sehubung berkembang pesatnya negara Tiongkong, negara-negara di seluruh dunia, terutama negara Indonesia, belajar bahasa mandarin untuk mempelajari dan memahami negara Tiongkok, memahami budaya negara Tiongkok dan berkomunikasi dengan lebih baik. Semakin banyak mahasiswa Indonesia belajar bahasa mandarin, tetapi penguasaan bahasa mandarin tidak begitu baik terutama “kata sapaan” lebih sulit untuk dikuasai oleh mahasiswa Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, peneliti menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dengan kuisioner dan komparatif untuk membandingkan kata sapaan sosial dalam bahasa Mandarin-Indonesia, dengan tujuan untuk mencari persamaan dan perbedaan kata sapaan ke dua negara, agar mahasiswa indonesia yang sedang maupun yang akan belajar bahasa Mandarin dapat berkomunikasi menggunakan kata sapaan sosial dalam bahasa Mandarin dengan baik dan lancar. Kata kunci: Kata sapaan sosial；Mahasiswa Indonesia; Komparatif
PERSEPSI SISWA SMA PERTA 1 TERHADAP PENTINGNYA PENGGUNAAN BAHASA MANDARIN DALAM BIDANG BISNIS
Authors: Wijaya Febe Christina
Published: July 2023

Christiana, C. (2012). Komunikasi Bisnis Berbahasa China Sebagai Sarana Transaksi Dagang di PT Kharisma Jaya Sukoharjo. Jurnal Universitas Sebelas Maret.Deil, S. A. (2013). Liputan 6. Diambil kembali dari https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/595156/demi-bisnis-pengusaha-india-rela-belajar-bahasa-mandarinHendra, F. (2016). Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Proses Pembelajaran. AL-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI HUMANIORA, III, 300.Hurlock, E. (2000). Psikologi Perkembangan. Jakarta: PT. Erlangga.Kotler, P., & Amstrong, G. (2013). Kotler Burton Deans Brown Amstrong Marketing 9th Edition (Vol. IX). Pearson Australia Group.Lestarini, A. H. (2016). Kemampuan Berbahasa Inggris Jadi Aset Penting Tarik Investasi Asing. Indonesia. Dipetik August 10, 2018, dari http://ekonomi.metrotvnews.com/mikro/3NO59aok-kemampuan-berbahasa-inggris-jadi-aset-penting-tarik-investasi-asingLimuria, R., & Sutandi, S. (2017). Analisis Kebutuhan Bahasa Mandarin Dunia Usaha Di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Universitas Kristen Maranatha.Nenti, C. (2015). Kompasiana. Diambil kembali dari Pengertian Sensasi, Persepsi dan Atensi: https://www.kompasiana.com/nenti/54f9672fa33311a13d8b5225/pengertian-sensasi-persepsi-dan-atensi#Pratama, A. M. (2019). China Turun ke Posisi 3 Negara dengan Investasi Terbesar di Indonesia. Diambil kembali dari Kompas.com: https://money.kompas.com/read/2019/07/30/133129626/china-turun-ke-posisi-3-negara-dengan-investasi-terbesar-di-indonesiaSamuel. (2016). Jurnal Entrepreneur Universitas Ciputra. Ilustrasi Persepsi, 3.Setyosari, P. (2013). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pengembangan. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group.Sternberg, R. J. (2008). Psikologi Kognitif. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.Sugiyono. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.Walgito, B. (1994). Psikologi Sosial: Suatu Pengantar. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.Widiartanto, Y. H. (2015). Kompas.com. (O. Yusuf, Editor) Diambil kembali dari https://tekno.kompas.com/read/2015/10/27/20531237/Dekati.China.Zuckerberg.Pidato.Dalam.Bahasa.Mandarin
Addressing Inadequate Documentation of Unilateral Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders
Authors: Piscitello Gina M. , DeMartino Erin S. , Parker William F.
Published: January 2025

This Viewpoint discusses addressing inadequate documentation of unilateral do-not-resuscitate orders in the electronic health record.
Global Prevalence of Sexual Violence Against Children
Authors: Piolanti Antonio , Schmid Iason E. , Fiderer Fabian J. , Ward Catherine L. , Stöckl Heidi , Foran Heather M.
Published: January 2025

Importance

Sexual violence against children is a global concern, yet worldwide figures of its prevalence are scant.

Objective

To estimate the global prevalence of sexual violence against children using national-level population-based studies.

Data Sources

We searched the PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ERIC, and APA PsycArticles databases from their respective inceptions to March 2022. Searches were updated through April 2024.

Study Selection

Reports were included if (1) they were national-level population-based studies, (2) they reported lifetime or past-year prevalence data on any form of sexual violence against children (mean age ≤19 years), and (3) the data were based on children’s self-reports of sexual violence perpetrated by anyone.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Data extraction included study and participant characteristics, prevalence rates, and types of sexual violence. Outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model. Exploratory subgroup analyses were performed with categorical moderators.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Primary outcomes included lifetime and past-year prevalence of forced sexual intercourse, contact sexual violence, and sexual harassment.

Results

We identified 165 studies that included 958 182 children from 80 countries, with the majority of data focusing on girls (58.2%). The sample sizes of the studies ranged from 330 to 132 948; the mean age ranged from 10.5 to 19.4 years. Lifetime sexual harassment was the most prevalent outcome, with a pooled rate of 11.4% (95% CI, 8.5%-15.1%), followed by any contact sexual violence, with a rate of 8.7% (95% CI, 4.7%-15.5%). Furthermore, 6.1% (95% CI, 5.1%-7.3%) of children reported experiencing completed forced sexual intercourse in their lifetime, and 1.3% (95% CI, 1.0%-1.7%) reported experiencing it in the preceding year. Rates of lifetime completed forced sexual intercourse were higher among girls (6.8% [95% CI, 6.1%-7.6%]) compared with boys (3.3% [95% CI, 2.5%-4.3%]), similar to past-year violence (2.3% [95% CI 1.9%-2.7%] for girls and 0.6% [95% CI 0.4%-0.9%] for boys). We found considerable variation across regions and countries in the reported prevalence of sexual violence. Older age of children, lower national income levels, and the use of school-based surveys were associated with higher rates of sexual violence reporting in some exploratory analyses.

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis highlight the burden of sexual violence against children worldwide based on current available evidence. There is a pressing need to enhance data collection efforts globally, especially in underresearched regions and for boys.

Study Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022327090
Rejuvenating the immune system
Authors: Evangelou Konstantinos , Gorgoulis Vassilis G.
Published: January 2025

Rejuvenation of elementary immune system components has emerged as a promising strategy to deal with increased susceptibility to infections, cancers, autoimmune disorders, and low efficacy to vaccines, frequently accompanying aging. In this context, the thymus has gained significant attention. A recent study by Santamaria et al. reveals that the receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB (RANK)–RANK ligand (RANKL) axis is altered during age related thymic involution, compromising immune responses. Based on their findings, authors propose exogenous RANKL administration as a therapeutic strategy to reinvigorate thymic function and improve T‐cell immunity during aging.
FSH enhances the inflammatory response of macrophages in the knee joint possibly through the NFκB pathway
Authors: Chen Yu , Xu Na , Zhang Wen‐wen , Wang Yan , Su Tong , Zhou Yan‐man , Xu Jin
Published: January 2025

Previous studies have suggested that women with higher follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels have a greater incidence of osteoarthritis (OA) compared to women with lower FSH despite normal estrogen levels. Our previous studies also showed that FSH has a negative effect on cartilage in postmenopausal OA. However, no studies have investigated the effect of FSH on the synovium. Here, we showed that the FSH receptor (FSHR) is expressed on RAW264.7 cells and BMDM (Bone Marrow‐Derived Macrophages), and found that FSH stimulation promotes the production and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in synovial macrophages. In RAW264.7 cells, FSH stimulation enhances phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of P65, suggesting the activation of NFκB signaling, while the knockdown of FSHR eliminates the proinflammatory effect of FSH. To further validate these results, we used an ovariectomy mouse model supplemented with FSH and estrogen, and a mouse model with FSH neutralization. We noted that FSHR was expressed on mouse synovial joint membranes. Furthermore, in ovariectomy mice supplemented with estrogen and treated with FSH, synovial macrophages were significantly increased, while the opposite was the case in the FSH neutralizing group, which suggest that FSH triggers an inflammatory response in the synovial tissue in mice. Taken together, our results indicate that FSH is an important regulator in synovial inflammation via NFκB signaling activation and, to some extent, appears to accelerate the development of osteoarthritis.
Combining detection dogs and camera traps improves minimally invasive population monitoring for the cheetah, an elusive and rare large carnivore
Authors: Verschueren Stijn , Hofmann Tim , Schmidt‐Küntzel Anne , Kakove Mikael , Munyandi Benny , Bauer Hans , Balkenhol Niko , Leirs Herwig , Neumann Stephan , Cristescu Bogdan , Marker Laurie
Published: January 2025

Monitoring large carnivores is imperative for conservation planning, but is difficult due to their elusive behaviour and natural rarity. Some carnivores such as the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) are particularly wide ranging and often go undetected despite being present, or are detected at rates too low to make meaningful quantitative inferences. The combination of minimally invasive survey techniques, such as detection dog surveys and camera traps, holds promise for improving monitoring efforts of large carnivores.

We surveyed a cheetah population within the Acacia savanna biome of central east Namibia, employing various search strategies and camera trap configurations. We analysed detection data in an occupancy framework and estimated the effort required to confirm cheetah presence with 95% certainty.

We found that sign surveys required intensive field effort when walked as road transects, but detections of scat by the detection dogs were twice that of tracks (5/100 and 2.5/100 km, respectively, 7.5/100 km combined). Vehicular searches to identify cheetah marking sites appear to be an efficient alternative or complementary approach (3.8/100 km), if a road network is available and marking sites are visually distinguishable. The detection probability (p) of cheetahs with one camera trap station per sampling unit placed at roads was low (p = 0.167), but increased for camera traps placed at marking sites that were identified through the detection dog survey (p = 0.244), and in particular when multiple camera trap stations were placed per sampling unit and detections were pooled across stations (p = 0.348–0.750). The minimum survey effort required to reliably detect cheetahs in each 256 km2 sampling unit was estimated to be 45 km or 10 h of walking, 123 km or 5 h of driving or 150 nights of camera trapping.

Practical implications. We showed that complementing detection dog surveys with camera trapping can comprehensively and efficiently inform occurrence patterns for an exceptionally wide‐ranging terrestrial carnivore. Our findings provide practical guidance for designing effective minimally invasive monitoring programmes, which are important for empirically deriving distribution maps of cheetahs and other carnivores in data‐poor regions.
Effect of Zinc Element on Mechanical and Welding Properties of Cu–1.8Ni–0.45Si Alloy
Authors: Lu Lin , Ding Zeming , Zhang Mengxiao , Song Hongwu , Xu Yong , Zhang Shihong
Published: January 2025

Cu–Ni–Si alloy is widely used as the main material of lead frame. The process of alloying is an important method to improve the comprehensive performance of the alloy. Herein, Cu–1.8Ni–0.45Si (−0.5Zn) alloys are prepared. The variation trend and mechanism of Zn on the mechanical properties and welding properties are analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and electron backscattering diffraction. The results show that the addition of 0.5 wt% Zn can improve the brazing properties of the alloy while ensuring the tensile strength and conductivity of the material. Further quantitative analysis reveals that Zn addition enhances the contribution of precipitation strengthening to the alloy's mechanical properties, which is due to the reduction of the size of the particles of the precipitated phase by the addition of Zn. In addition, the addition of Zn can form a Zn‐enriched layer at the welding interface of the alloy, which has an obstructive effect on the diffusion and growth of the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer, effectively reducing the thickness of the IMC layer, inhibiting the formation of the Cu3Sn phase, and improving the mechanical properties of the alloy brazed joints.
Harnessing 3D Porous Cobalt Oxide Nanoflakes Grown on Metal for Exceptional Adhesion between Aluminum Surfaces and the Epoxy Matrix
Authors: Abbas Mohan Raheem , Kadhim Taieh Nabil , Almuhaisen Abdulmohsin Naji , Liu Xi , Li Ying
Published: January 2025

The developments in the automotive and aerospace sectors require alternative structures to metals for diverse applications; therefore, lightweight polymer–metal hybrid composites with outstanding mechanical characteristics are synthesized. Herein, the modern nanoperfusion technology, which involves the in situ growth of 3D porous cobalt oxide nanoflakes (Co3O4 NFs) on the porous aluminum surface, is used. A rough surface with corresponding surface porosities of 21, 48.1, and 49.8% can be produced by anodization of aluminum at 8, 10, and 12 V, respectively. The samples anodized at 10 V are selected as a structure for the growth of 3D Co3O4 NFs at different hydrothermal temperatures (90, 120, and 160 °C). The bond strength and modulus of the toughness of the sample combining aluminum and 3D Co3O4 NF growth at 120 °C exhibit a substantial bonding strength, reaching a value of 14.27 MPa and 3.56 kJ m−3, respectively. The porous nature of the manufactured cobalt oxide nanoflakes allows the epoxy to penetrate, which enhances the bonding strength and thus improves the mechanical properties of the manufactured joints.
Effect of High‐Energy Ball Milling and Additives of Ti and Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes on the Hydrogen Absorption of AM60 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Hussein Mohamed A. , Abbas Aqeel , Abdelnaby Mahmoud M. , Huang Song‐Jeng , Azeem Mohamed A.
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen storage materials are critical for sustainable energy applications. Magnesium is a promising material for hydrogen storage due to its high volumetric and gravimetric hydrogen storage capacities. However, its application in fuel cells is hindered by slow hydrogen sorption kinetics. This study aims to investigate the hydrogen absorption of a commercial AM60 alloy catalyzed by Ti and multiwalled carbon nanotubes additives, as well as the microstructural changes induced by high‐energy ball milling (HEBM). The results show that the HEBM of the AM60 alloy reduces the particle size to 22 μm, introducing microvoids and porosity between the particles, which increase the total pore volume and hydrogen absorption capacity from 1.5 to 4 wt%. Catalyzing the AM60 alloy with a 5 wt% Ti increases absorption to 4.35 wt%. The AM60‐5 wt% MWCNT sample shows higher surface area of 34 m2 g−1, highest hydrogen absorption capacity of 6.2 wt%, and the fastest hydrogen absorption rate. The novelty of this study lies in demonstrating the synergistic effects of HEBM and MWCNT additives, thereby establishing a practical approach for optimizing magnesium‐based materials for hydrogen storage.
Efficiency Manipulation of Filaments Fusion in UV‐Assisted Direct Ink Writing
Authors: Wei Lai , Li Jing , Zhang Shuai , Fu Kai , Li Ning , Zhang Zhanwen
Published: January 2025

This study systematically investigates the ultraviolet‐assisted direct ink writing (UV‐DIW) process, focusing on the influence of critical parameters, including UV intensity, the ratio of printing speed to ink extrusion rate (), and relative nozzle height (H/h), on filament fusion and structural morphology. The rheological behavior of photosensitive resin ink is analyzed, revealing that UV irradiation induces a fluid‐to‐solid transition critical for shape retention and structural integrity. The results demonstrate that UV intensity plays a pivotal role in controlling filament fusion, with insufficient curing causing filament sagging and excessive fusion, while higher UV intensities improve structural fidelity. Additionally, printability (Pr), calculated from cross‐sectional analysis, is used as a quantitative metric to assess filament fusion quality and structure preservation. Parameter phase diagrams are developed to visually map the relationships among printing variables, providing a framework for optimizing UV‐DIW conditions. The successful fabrication of dense solid blocks without filament interfaces highlights the potential of UV‐DIW for producing high‐quality, defect‐free 3D structures. This work provides valuable insights into parameter tuning, paving the way for advanced applications in manufacturing, biomedical engineering, and material science.
Achieving Complex‐Shaped Stainless Steel Parts via a Facile Net‐Shaping Method
Authors: Chen Mengxiong , Fu Yang , Xiong Huiwen , Zhang Lei , Zou Jianpeng , Zhou Kechao
Published: January 2025

A facile method named metal compression molding (MCM) is developed using the 17‐4PH stainless steel feedstock derived from powder injection molding. Complex golf‐club featuring intricate surfaces, thin walls, and thick walls are fabricated via MCM. Simulation software Moldflow is used to study the flow behavior, pressure, and shear rates of feedstock at 180, 190, and 200 °C. The results show that most of the feedstock maintain their original position and a small amount of feedstock flow to fill mold cavity; viscosity decreases with increasing temperature, while stress and shear rate reach their maximum and minimum, respectively, at 190 °C. The MCM process demonstrates the ability to form the golf‐club head, and samples with a smooth surface are obtained at the pressing temperature of 190 °C. The simulated stress distribution during MCM influences the density and mechanical properties of the sintered golf‐clubs, higher stress correlates with better performance. High‐density (97.89 ± 0.08) 17‐4PH stainless steel shows excellent mechanical properties, with an ultimate tensile strength of 999.5 ± 7.0 MPa and an elongation of 14.15% ± 0.41%.
Orchestrating a Controllable Engineering of Dual‐Model Carbon Structure in Si/C Anodes
Authors: Zhang Jiapeng , Yuan Renlu , Wang Dengke , Li Jiangchuan , Yao Xue , Chen Lixin , Li Xiaotian , Jiang Zhijie , Liu Haiyan , Hou Yu , Li Ang , Chen Xiaohong , Chen Zhiwen , Singh Chandra Veer , Song Huaihe
Published: January 2025

Silicon‐carbon composites (Si/C) with multistage structures enable structural integrity during cycling. However, the lack of controllable structure preparation on a large scale hinders the stability improvement in practical applications. Herein, a new strategy is proposed to synthesize kilogram‐scale Si/C (PySi/C) featuring a dual‐model carbon structure in one step. The controllable combination of an onion‐like carbon coating on the Si surface with independent pyrolytic carbon is accomplished through the precise adjustment of the pyrolysis temperature. The dual‐model carbon formation mechanism is unraveled, detailing the cooperative coupling of the nucleation laws of carbon compositions as well as the changes trends in morphology and crystallinity. This density functional theory and finite element analysis highlight the dual‐model structure's essential contribution to the electrochemical behavior and structural stability. As expected, PySi/Cs anodes deliver stable cycling performance with retention of 91.5% after 800 cycles at 2 A g−1. Its comprehensive electrochemical performance surpasses that of the state‐of‐the‐art kilogram‐scale Si‐based anode reported. Moreover, the assembled pouch cell exhibits actual competitiveness, showing a capacity of 1.97 Ah and a retention of 88.9% after 300 cycles at 1 C. This work provides valuable design concepts to further advance the development of Si/C anodes.
Permeable and Durable Liquid‐Metal Fiber Mat as Implantable Physiological Electrodes with Long‐Term Biocompatibility
Authors: Zhou Ningjing , Ji Jiujiang , Qu Ruixiang , Feng Xue , Song Xiaoke , Chen Mengjia , Chen Fuguang , Ma Zhijun , Wei Yen
Published: January 2025

Implantable physiological electrodes provide unprecedented opportunities for real‐time and uninterrupted monitoring of biological signals. Most implantable electronics adopt thin‐film substrates with low permeability that severely hampers tissue metabolism, impeding their long‐term biocompatibility. Recent innovations have seen the advent of permeable electronics through the strategic modification of liquid metals (LMs) onto porous substrates. However, the durability of these electronics is limited by the inherent poor wettability of LMs, particularly within the intricate 3D skeleton of the porous substrate. Herein, the study reports a spatial wettability tuning strategy that solves the wettability issue of LMs within the porous substrates, enabling the LM physiological electrodes with high durability and long‐term biocompatibility. The study demonstrates the use of the electrodes as implantable neural interface to realize in vivo acquisition of electrocardiograph and electrocorticogram signals with long‐term biocompatibility and high signal‐to‐noise ratio. This work demonstrates a promising direction for rational design of durable implantable bioelectronics with long‐term biocompatibility.
Bio‐Based Elastomers: Design, Properties, and Biomedical Applications
Authors: Liu Qingsheng , Lou Pengfei , Sun Zhentao , Li Daochang , Ji Haijun , Xu Zhengzhuo , Li Lei , Xue Jiajia , Wang Runguo , Wang Zhao , Zhang Liqun
Published: January 2025

To reduce carbon footprint and human dependence on fossil fuels, the field of bio‐based polymers has undergone explosive growth in recent years. Among them, bio‐based elastomers have gained tremendous attention for their inherent softness, high strain, and resilience. In this review, the recent progress of representative bio‐based elastomers derived from molecular building blocks and biopolymers are recapitulated, with an emphasis on molecular design, synthesis approaches, and mechanical performance. The performance‐advantaged properties of bio‐based elastomers, including immune modulation, biocompatibility, and biodegradability are also explored. Furthermore, their representative biomedical applications in wound dressing, cardiovascular, nerve repair, bone repair, and biosensors are exemplified. Lastly, the challenges and outlooks development of bio‐based elastomers are discussed. This review aims to offer readers valuable insights into the potential of bio‐based elastomers as viable alternatives to petroleum‐based counterparts, supporting the transition toward a more sustainable future.
3D‐Porous Electrocatalyst with Tip‐Enhanced Electric Field Effect Enables High‐Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer
Authors: Chen Teng , Ma Jun , Liang Chenjia , Luo Yi , Xu Xin , Hu Jianqiang , Chen Jie , Ding Weiping
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), as one of the most advanced methods for the green production of hydrogen, is greatly impeded by inefficient mass transfer. Here we present an efficiently reactant enriched and mass traffic system by integrating high‐curvature Pt nanocones with 3D porous TiAl framework to enhance mass transfer rate. Theoretical simulations, in situ Raman spectroscopy and potential‐dependent Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results disclose that the strong local electric field induced by high‐curvature Pt can greatly promote the H3O+ supply rate during HER, resulting in ∼1.6 times higher H3O+ concentration around the Pt nanocone than that in electrolyte. X‐ray computed tomography and molecular dynamic simulation demonstrate the diffusion coefficient of H3O+ in 3D TiAl framework surpasses that in commercial carbon support by more than 16.7 times. Consequently, Pt/TiAl‐nanocone exhibits a high mass activity of 17.2 mA cm−2Pt at an overpotential of 100 mV with an ultrahigh TOF value of 42.9 atom−1 s−1. In a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer, the Pt/TiAl‐nanocone cathode achieves an industrial‐scale current density of 1.0 A cm−2 with a cell voltage of 1.88 V at 60 °C and can operate stably for at least 800 h with a sluggish voltage decay rate of 137 µV h−1.