bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Driving toward Connectivity: Vehicular Visible Light Communications Receiver with Adaptive Field of View for Enhanced Noise Resilience and Mobility
Authors: Căilean Alin-Mihai , Avătămăniței Sebastian-Andrei , Beguni Cătălin
Published: April 2024

Wireless communication represents the basis for the next generation of vehicle safety systems, whereas visible light communication (VLC) is one of the most suitable technologies for this purpose. In this context, this work introduces a novel VLC receiver architecture that integrates a field-of-view (FoV) adaptation mechanism in accordance with the optical noise generated by the sun. In order to demonstrate the benefits of this concept, a VLC prototype was experimentally tested in an infrastructure-to-vehicle (I2V) VLC configuration, which uses an LED traffic light as the transmitter. At the receiver side, an automatic FoV adaptation mechanism was designed based on a mechanical iris placed in front of a photodetector. Adjustments were made based on the values recorded by a multi-angle light sensor, built with an array of IR photodiodes covering an elevation from 0° to 30° and an azimuth from −30° to 30°. Depending on the incidence of solar light, the mechanical iris can adjust the FoV from ±1° to ±22°, taking into account both the light irradiance and the sun’s position relative to the VLC receiver. For experimental testing, two identical VLC receivers were used: one with an automatic FoV adjustment, and the other with a ±22° fixed FoV. The test results performed at a distance of 50 m, in the presence of solar irradiance reaching up to 67,000 µW/cm2, showed that the receiver with a fixed FoV saturated and lost the communication link most of the time, whereas the receiver with an adjustable FoV maintained an active link throughout the entire period, with a bit error rate (BER) of less than 10−7.
Optimizing Human–Robot Teaming Performance through Q-Learning-Based Task Load Adjustment and Physiological Data Analysis
Authors: Korivand Soroush , Galvani Gustavo , Ajoudani Arash , Gong Jiaqi , Jalili Nader
Published: April 2024

The transition to Industry 4.0 and 5.0 underscores the need for integrating humans into manufacturing processes, shifting the focus towards customization and personalization rather than traditional mass production. However, human performance during task execution may vary. To ensure high human–robot teaming (HRT) performance, it is crucial to predict performance without negatively affecting task execution. Therefore, to predict performance indirectly, significant factors affecting human performance, such as engagement and task load (i.e., amount of cognitive, physical, and/or sensory resources required to perform a particular task), must be considered. Hence, we propose a framework to predict and maximize the HRT performance. For the prediction of task performance during the development phase, our methodology employs features extracted from physiological data as inputs. The labels for these predictions—categorized as accurate performance or inaccurate performance due to high/low task load—are meticulously crafted using a combination of the NASA TLX questionnaire, records of human performance in quality control tasks, and the application of Q-Learning to derive task-specific weights for the task load indices. This structured approach enables the deployment of our model to exclusively rely on physiological data for predicting performance, thereby achieving an accuracy rate of 95.45% in forecasting HRT performance. To maintain optimized HRT performance, this study further introduces a method of dynamically adjusting the robot’s speed in the case of low performance. This strategic adjustment is designed to effectively balance the task load, thereby enhancing the efficiency of human–robot collaboration.
Batteryless BLE Module with a Piezoelectric Element Mounted on a Shoe Sole
Authors: Dan Shusei , Yano Yusuke , Wang Jianqing
Published: April 2024

A position identification system for wandering elderly people uses BLE to transmit ID information. The objective of this study is to make the BLE module batteryless using a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element is mounted on the sole of a shoe, and when pressure is applied to the piezoelectric element by walking, a voltage is generated between both electrodes of the piezoelectric element. This voltage is used to store the necessary power as a battery to operate the BLE module. In this paper, we provide a step-by-step design approach using piezoelectric elements attached to a shoe to power an actual BLE module. We derive an equivalent circuit for the piezoelectric element under walking conditions and, through circuit simulation and actual measurements, clarify the amount of time required to charge the voltage to drive the BLE, demonstrating the possibility of a batteryless BLE module for use in locating a wanderer while they are walking.
GBDT Method Integrating Feature-Enhancement and Active-Learning Strategies—Sea Ice Thickness Inversion in Beaufort Sea
Authors: Han Yanling , Huang Junjie , Ma Zhenling , Zheng Bowen , Wang Jing , Zhang Yun
Published: April 2024

Sea ice, as an important component of the Earth’s ecosystem, has a profound impact on global climate and human activities due to its thickness. Therefore, the inversion of sea ice thickness has important research significance. Due to environmental and equipment-related limitations, the number of samples available for remote sensing inversion is currently insufficient. At high spatial resolutions, remote sensing data contain limited information and noise interference, which seriously affect the accuracy of sea ice thickness inversion. In response to the above issues, we conducted experiments using ice draft data from the Beaufort Sea and designed an improved GBDT method that integrates feature-enhancement and active-learning strategies (IFEAL-GBDT). In this method, the incident angle and time series are used to perform spatiotemporal correction of the data, reducing both temporal and spatial impacts. Meanwhile, based on the original polarization information, effective multi-attribute features are generated to expand the information content and improve the separability of sea ice with different thicknesses. Taking into account the growth cycle and age of sea ice, attributes were added for month and seawater temperature. In addition, we studied an active learning strategy based on the maximum standard deviation to select more informative and representative samples and improve the model’s generalization ability. The improved GBDT model was used for training and prediction, offering advantages in dealing with nonlinear, high-dimensional data, and data noise problems, further expanding the effectiveness of feature-enhancement and active-learning strategies. Compared with other methods, the method proposed in this paper achieves the best inversion accuracy, with an average absolute error of 8 cm and a root mean square error of 13.7 cm for IFEAL-GBDT and a correlation coefficient of 0.912. This research proves the effectiveness of our method, which is suitable for the high-precision inversion of sea ice thickness determined using Sentinel-1 data.
Mode-Locked Operation of High-Order Transverse Modes in a Vertical-External-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Yunjie , Zhu Renjiang , Jiang Lidan , Lu Huanyu , Song Yanrong , Zhang Peng
Published: April 2024

Understanding the mechanism of mode-locking in a laser with high-order transverse mode is important for achieving an ultrashort pulses train under more complicated conditions. So far, mode-locking with high-order transverse mode has not been reported in other lasers except the multimode fiber laser. This paper demonstrates robust mode-locking with high-order transverse mode in a Kerr-lens mode-locked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. While the longitudinal modes are locked, continuous mode-locking accompanied by high-order transverse mode up to TEM40 is observed. The threshold of the mode-locking is only a little bigger than that of the lasing. After the laser oscillation is built up, the mode-locked pulse train can be obtained almost immediately and maintained until the thermal rollover of the laser. Output powers of 717 mW under fundamental mode and 666 mW under high-order transverse mode are achieved with a 4.3 ps pulse duration and 1.1 GHz pulses repetition rate, and some phenomenological explanations to the related characteristics of the mode-locked operation of high-order transverse mode in the vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser are proposed.
Sub-Nyquist SAR Imaging and Error Correction Via an Optimization-Based Algorithm
Authors: Chen Wenjiao , Zhang Li , Xing Xiaocen , Wen Xin , Zhang Qiuxuan
Published: April 2024

Sub-Nyquist synthetic aperture radar (SAR) based on pseudo-random time–space modulation has been proposed to increase the swath width while preserving the azimuthal resolution. Due to the sub-Nyquist sampling, the scene can be recovered by an optimization-based algorithm. However, these methods suffer from some issues, e.g., manually tuning difficulty and the pre-definition of optimization parameters, and a low signal–noise ratio (SNR) resistance. To address these issues, a reweighted optimization algorithm, named pseudo-ℒ0-norm optimization algorithm, is proposed for the sub-Nyquist SAR system in this paper. A modified regularization model is first built by applying the scene prior information to nearly acquire the number of nonzero elements based on Bayesian estimation, and then this model is solved by the Cauchy–Newton method. Additionally, an error correction method combined with our proposed pseudo-ℒ0-norm optimization algorithm is also present to eliminate defocusing in the motion-induced model. Finally, experiments with simulated signals and strip-map TerraSAR-X images are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed algorithm.
Formation Mechanism of Deposits in Rotary Kiln during Steelmaking Dust Carbothermic Recycling
Authors: Min Xiaobo , Huang Luyu , Yu Maixin , Wang Yunyan , Ke Yong , Peng Cong , Yan Xu , Huang Qingyu , Li Yun
Published: April 2024

Rotary kiln has been widely used in hazardous waste treatment because of its strong adaptability to raw materials, high productivity, and simple processing technology. However, the formation of deposits reduces its performance period and profitability. This study characterized the deposit mineralogy and thermodynamically and experimentally investigated its formation mechanism. The results show that the main phases of the deposit are magnetite, monolithic iron, olivine, and yellow feldspar. They indicate that the deposit formation process was accompanied by the participation of alkaline and iron oxides. The intermediate product Ca2SiO4 can promote the generation of low melting point phases, such as CaFeSiO4 and Ca2Al2SiO7, which are the main phases of deposit materials. Additionally, the reduction intermediate product FeO facilitated the generation of a liquid ferrous mixture (Fe3O4-FeO and Fe3O4-FeO-Fe mixture), which in turn further promoted the growth of the initial deposit phase. The solid deposit formed and attached to the kiln inner wall, along with a decrease in temperature. These results are expected to provide an idea or approach for fundamentally solving the problem of deposits in the rotary kiln.
A Critical Analysis of Geological Hazard Risk Assessment Including Future Perspectives
Authors: Cheng Yuxiang , Gan Yue , Shi Chunmei , Huo Aidi , Pei Yinghui , Song Yu , Wang Xing , Ahmed Adnan
Published: April 2024

Geological hazards are widely distributed, cause huge losses, and have always been the focus of attention for engineering and environmental geologists. Geological hazard evaluation is the basis of research and has important theoretical significance for preventing and controlling geological hazards. Therefore, geological hazard evaluation has become the focus of engineering and environmental geology. The question of how to build a universal index system model of geological hazard evaluation is an urgent problem that needs to be solved in geological hazard evaluation. Based on a large amount of previous research data, this paper takes landslide hazard as an example and systematically expounds the main problems that need to be solved in the current geological hazard evaluation from five aspects: basic concept, evaluation scope and accuracy, evaluation index system and evaluation criteria, evaluation method, and applicability of evaluation results. A landslide hazard assessment index system model is proposed, which applies to all regions, including all of the factors that may affect the formation of landslides. It is also hoped that this will be used as an example to establish various types of disaster evaluation and assessment systems. If the parameter has no value in the assessment process, it can be processed as 0. On this basis, further research is suggested from the perspectives of the geological hazard evaluation level, geological hazard evaluation theory, and method. To provide thoughts on and suggestions for geological hazard risk assessment method research, standard revision, investigation and evaluation, and risk management and control need to be considered.
Numerical Simulation of a Thermal Management System Using Composite Flame-Retardant Resin and Its Effect on Battery Life Span
Authors: Mariasiu Florin , Szabo Ioan , Buidin Thomas I. C.
Published: April 2024

One of the obstacles to the adoption of electric vehicles as a future pollution-free transport solution is that the energy sources (batteries) have not yet become sustainable through a long-life span under the specific operating conditions. The problem that arises is that high temperatures inside the batteries represent a safety risk and have negative effects on the battery life span, which imposes the use of thermal management systems. The present article aims to analyze, by numerical methods, the effect of the use of a fireproof composite resin on the efficiency of the thermal management system, specifically on the degree of battery sustainability (measured by the effect on the life span). Five constructive variants are proposed and thermally analyzed. Based on the measured temperatures, the intensity of the chemical reactions that occur in a 18650-type Li-ion cell was calculated, and conclusions related to the impact on the life span were drawn. It has been found that the use of a fireproof composite resin leads to an increased heat transmission towards the outer environment and an increase in the life span by 22.2% compared to that noted for conventional air cooling. The results also recommend the use of heat exchangers associated with flame retardant resins, which leads to a 20.6% improvement in the heat transfer capacity of the battery’s thermal management system. When comparing the solutions in which the flame-retardant resin is used, the results show that adding 3 wt.% of nanomaterial leads to a significant life span increase of 11.7% when compared to the results for the resin-only case.
Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into Sectoral Plans: An Assessment Based on the Logical Framework Approach
Authors: Ledda Antonio , Serra Vittorio , Ruiu Maria Grazia Gavina , Bardi Antonietta , Trogu Daniele , Di Cesare Elisabetta Anna , De Montis Andrea
Published: April 2024

Although climate change adaptation (CCA) and spatial planning are relevant to promoting climate resilience, Italy shows a certain lack of studies focused on the coherence between national CCA objectives and sectoral plans. We aim to investigate such a research gap and propose and apply a logical framework approach (LFA)-based method to assess the coherence of sectoral plans adopted in Sardinia (Italy) with the missions of the Italian National Climate Change Adaptation Plan (NCCAP). We apply LFA to analytically scrutinize sectoral plans by reconstructing their strategic framework—including objectives and actions—and comparing them to the CCA objectives established by the NCCAP. The purpose is to provide the regional administrations with a methodological approach and tangible findings, suggesting the need for updating plans lacking CCA contents and contributing to the drafting or updating of the regional strategy for CCA. The method adopted in this study allowed us to identify plan objectives and actions that fully or partially integrate NCCAP objectives. Then, plans partially (or not at all) consistent with the NCCAP can be integrated with CCA contents. This is relevant to promoting climate resilience issues in plans that have clear effects in terms of spatial, landscape, and urban planning, according to different governance levels.
Research on Optimization of Intelligent Driving Vehicle Path Tracking Control Strategy Based on Backpropagation Neural Network
Authors: Cai Qingling , Qu Xudong , Wang Yun , Shi Dapai , Chu Fulin , Wang Jiaheng
Published: April 2024

To enhance path tracking precision in intelligent vehicles, this study proposes a lateral–longitudinal control strategy optimized with a Backpropagation (BP) neural network. The strategy employs the BP neural network to dynamically adjust prediction and control time-domain parameters within an established Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework, effectively computing real-time front-wheel steering angles for lateral control. Simultaneously, it integrates an incremental Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) approach with a meticulously designed acceleration–deceleration strategy for accurate and stable longitudinal speed tracking. The strategy’s efficiency and superior performance are validated through a comprehensive CarSim(2020)/Simulink(2020b) simulation, demonstrating that the proposed controller adeptly modulates control parameters to adapt to various road adhesion coefficients and vehicle speeds. This adaptability significantly improves tracking and driving dynamics, thereby enhancing accuracy, safety, stability, and real-time responsiveness in the intelligent vehicle tracking control system.
Autonomous Vehicles Perception, Acceptance, and Future Prospects in the GCC: An Analysis Using the UTAUT-Based Model
Authors: Hafeez Farrukh , Mas’ud Abdullahi Abubakar , Al-Shammari Saud , Sheikh Usman Ullah , Alanazi Mubarak A. , Hamid Muhammad , Azhar Ameer
Published: April 2024

The emergence of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) marks a significant advancement in the automotive industry, transitioning from driver-assistance technologies to fully autonomous systems. This change is particularly impactful in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region, which is a significant automotive market and technological hub. However, the adoption of AVs in the GCC faces unique challenges due to the influence of cultural norms and geographical characteristics. Our research utilizes a customized framework of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), which is adapted to include cultural and geographical factors. This approach fills a gap in the existing literature by identifying and analyzing the key factors affecting the adoption of AVs in the GCC. Our findings indicate a difference in the receptiveness towards AVs among different demographics. Younger participants displayed a more favorable attitude towards AVs compared to older individuals. Additionally, gender and educational attainment play significant roles in the acceptance of AVs. Specifically, our results suggest that there are variations in acceptance rates among genders and individuals with varying levels of education. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has a relatively high acceptance rate of AVs due to its advanced infrastructure and openness to technological innovations. Our study identifies facilitating conditions and performance expectancy as crucial determinants of intention to use AVs in the GCC. It emphasizes the importance of infrastructure readiness and the perceived advantages of AVs in promoting their adoption.
Control Strategies, Economic Benefits, and Challenges of Vehicle-to-Grid Applications: Recent Trends Research
Authors: Chen Guangjie , Zhang Zhaoyun
Published: April 2024

With the rapid growth in the number of EVs, a huge number of EVs are connected to the power grid for charging, which places a great amount of pressure on the stable operation of the power grid. This paper focuses on the development of V2G applications, based on the current research status of V2G technology. Firstly, the standards on V2G applications and some pilot projects involving more representative V2G systems are introduced. Comparing V2G applications with ordered charging and unordered charging, the social and economic benefits of V2G applications are highlighted. Analysis of the social benefits of V2G applications concerns three points: the grid demand response, personalized charging, and the coordination of renewable energy sources. And analysis of the economic benefits of V2G applications is divided into three parties: the grid, the aggregator, and individuals. From the perspective of innovative EVs expanding the application scenarios through V2G technology, V2G applications for commercial EVs, emergency power applications, and vehicle-to-vehicle energy trading are introduced. The current challenges related to V2G applications are presented: users’ willingness to participate in V2G applications, battery loss, charging and discharging tariffs, privacy and security, and power loss. Finally, some research recommendations for the development of V2G applications are given and the current state of research in regard to those recommendations is presented.
Design and Aerodynamic Characteristics Analysis of an Electric Racecar Body Based on CFD
Authors: Li Jixiong , Liu Fengbi , Wang Lei
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on the development of a body for an electric racecar, utilizing CAD software for the design. A simplified full-vehicle geometric model was constructed. Based on fundamental theories of computational fluid dynamics and using CAE software platforms, the shear stress transport (SST) k-ω physical model was chosen to establish a three-dimensional computational model of the racecar’s external flow field. Simulations were conducted to analyze the pressure, airflow streamlines, and velocity distribution around the body and its surrounding flow field, elucidating the impact of body shape structure on aerodynamic characteristics. Finally, a manufacturing process for the body was designed, and a prototype was produced and integrated into the complete vehicle for road testing. The results indicate that the designed electric racecar body maintained consistent airflow over its surface, meeting the basic requirements of aerodynamics.
2018 Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği Lisans Programı’ndaki Alan Eğitimi Seçmeli Derslerinin Üniversitelerde Açılma Durumlarına Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: Yılmazer Aysegul , Karaman Güler Esra Rabiye
Published: April 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği lisans programlarında açılan alan eğitimi seçmeli derslerini; açılma sıklıkları, açılma şekilleri, gösterdiği çeşitlilik, üniversitelerin yaşı ve akademik kadrosuna bağlı değişiklikler açısından incelemektir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan doküman analizine göre tasarlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle Yükseköğretim Kurulu (YÖK)’nun 2018 yılında yayınladığı Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği Lisans Programına, Yükseköğretim Program Atlası’ndan (YÖK Atlas) sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği bulunan programlara ve öğrenci sayılarına, Yükseköğretim Bilgi Yönetim Sistemi’nden ise öğretim elemanı sayılarına ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca YÖK’ün web sitesinden üniversitelerin kuruluş yıllarına, üniversitelerin web sitelerinden ise ders ve sınav programlarına ulaşılmış ve bu dokümanlar temel veri kaynağı olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmada ulaşılan sonuçlara göre 2018 Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenliği Lisans Programı’nda yer alan, 13 alan eğitimi seçmeli dersi içerisinde en sık açılan dersin “Günümüz Dünya Sorunları” en az açılan dersin ise “Türk Hukuk Sistemi” olduğu belirlenmiştir. Üniversitelerin programda belirtilen 13 alan eğitimi seçmeli dersi dışında 8 farklı ders açtıkları tespit edilmiştir. Programların % 65’inin alan eğitimi seçmeli derslerini bir sınıf düzeyi ile eşleştirdikleri, % 43’ünün bahar ve güz dönemlerinde toplam 6 ders açarak zorunlu seçmeli kategorisini devam ettirdikleri, YÖK’ün her dönem en az altı seçmeli ders açılması gerektiği yönündeki ifadelerini yalnızca 5 üniversitenin dikkate aldığı belirlenmiştir. Köklü üniversitelerin en fazla çeşitlilikte ders açtığı, orta yaşlı üniversitelerin en az çeşitlilikte ders açtığı, genç üniversitelerin ise en fazla zorunlu seçmeli ders açtığı görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlardan yola çıkarak zorunlu seçmeli ders uygulamasının önüne geçebilmek adına programlarda açılan seçmeli ders çeşitliliğinin artırılması ve sınıf düzeyi ile ders eşleştirme uygulamasının sonlandırılması önerilmektedir.
Aktueller Stand des Hörverstehens von DaF- Fernstudierende an einer öffentlichen Hochschule
Authors: Çolak Ayfer , Çelikkaya Şerife
Published: April 2024

Ziel des Sprachunterrichts ist es, den Lernenden zu befähigen, eine gesunde Kommunikation mit seiner Umwelt aufzubauen, indem er seine vier grundlegenden Sprachfertigkeiten entwickelt. Das Zuhören, welches zu den rezeptiven Kompetenzbereichen gehört, bildet beim Fremdsprachenlernen die Grundlage für die Kommunikationsfähigkeit. Es ist wichtig, dass der Lernende versteht, was er hört, und dass er beim Sprachenlernen nicht auf Schwierigkeiten stößt. Für einen erfolgreichen Fremdsprachenunterricht, insbesondere im Fernunterricht, ist es notwendig, die Auswirkungen von Hörübungen in den verwendeten Lehrmaterialien auf das Hörverhalten und das Lernen der Lerner zu ermitteln. Diese Studie, welche erstellt wurde, um die Verhaltensweisen und Einstellungen der Studenten zu Hörverständniskompetenzen in Bezug auf das aktuelle Unterrichtsmaterial „Aussichten A1“ zu bestimmen, das Deutsch als Fremdsprache auf A1-Niveau lernen, basiert auf eine quantitative Forschungsmethode. Das Programm AMOS 24 und auch das Programm SPSS 22 wurden in der Untersuchung verwendet. Es wurden erklärende Faktorenanalysen (EFA) und Diskriminanzanalysen durchgeführt, um die Zuverlässigkeit der entwickelten Skalen-Items zu analysieren. Zur Bestimmung der internen Konsistenz der Skala wurden konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen (CFA) verwendet und Cronbachs Alpha-Tests durchgeführt. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde im Wintersemester 2019-2020 ein Fragebogen mit einer eigens entwickelten Skala an 675 Studierende verschiedener Fernstudiengänge der Anadolu Universität angelegt. Während sich die Untersuchungsgruppe aus Fernstudierenden an der Universität zusammensetzt, besteht die Stichprobe aus Studierenden, die Deutsch als Fremdsprache lernen. Nach den Forschungsergebnissen kann gesagt werden, dass die Struktur der Lerninhalte des Fernunterrichts und ihr Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der Sprachfähigkeit und Haltungen der Lernenden zum Verstehen des Gehörten „teilweise“ wirken.
Demokratik Eğitim Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Bir Analizi
Authors: Gürel Davut , Şahin Ahmet
Published: April 2024

Eğitim bireyi topluma kazandıran, onun toplum içinde etkin bir vatandaş olarak yetişmesini amaçlayan bir süreçtir. Demokrasiyle yönetilen bir ülkede bireyler hayatın her anında demokrasiyi deneyimlemelidir. Bir ülkede demokrasi ne kadar iyi uygulanıyorsa demokratik eğitimin da burada payı çok büyüktür. Bu nedenle demokratik eğitim geçmişten bugüne önemini her zaman korumuş bir konudur. Demokratik eğitimin geniş bir araştırmacı kitlesi tarafından ilgi duyulması bu konuda yapılan çalışmaları da artırmıştır. Bu konuda yapılmış çalışmalar hakkında genel bir çerçeve sunulması araştırmacılar için önemli görülmektedir. Bu araştırmada demokratik eğitim alanında yayımlanan çalışmalardaki 36 yıllık eğilim sistematik literatür taraması ve bibliyometrik analizle incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, Web of Science SSCI indeksli dergilerde 1986-2022 yılları arasında yayımlanmış toplam 387 çalışma farklı değişkenler açısından (yayın yılı, kullanılan yöntemler vb.) incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde VOSviewer 1.6.18 versiyonlu yazılım kullanılmıştır. Yapılan bibliyometrik analizler ve sistematik incelemeler sonucunda, en çok atıf alan yazarın Westheimer (2004) olduğu, çalışmaların anahtar kelimeler bölümünde ve özetlerinde sıklıkla yer verilen kavramların “democracy” ve “education” kavramları olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, 1986-2022 yılları arasında yayın sayısının artış eğilimi gösterdiği, en fazla çalışmanın İngiltere’de yapıldığı, yazar sayısına göre iki yazarlı makalelerin daha çok sayıda olduğu ve makalelerde genel olarak nitel yöntemlerin kullanıldığı ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada elde edilen diğer bulgular daha önceki çalışmalarla da kıyaslanarak detaylı olarak tartışılmıştır.
Expectations, Problems and Solutions for Postgraduate Academic Advisory in Study of Primary School Teacher Education
Authors: Pekdemir Esadiye , Aktay Sayım
Published: April 2024

The aim of this research is to reveal the status of academic advising in graduate education in the field of classroom teaching. In this regard, it aims to examine the perceptions of academics and graduate students regarding the phenomenon of academic advising, their expectations from academic advising, the problems they encounter during the academic advising process, and their proposed solutions to these problems. In line with these objectives, a qualitative research approach was adopted in the study. Phenomenology, which is one of the qualitative research types, was used as the research model. The sample of the study consists of thesis-based master's students, doctoral students, and academics who provide academic advising in the graduate education programs of Akdeniz University, Anadolu University, Afyon Kocatepe University, Gazi University, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Pamukkale University, Dokuz Eylül University, and Ege University in the 2020-2021 academic year. According to the findings of the study regarding the perceptions of graduate education academic advising, it was observed that both academics and graduate students have a positive perception of the phenomenon of academic advising. Furthermore, both academics and graduate students generally define academic advising as a guidance process. Regarding the expectations related to graduate education academic advising, it was found that both academics and g raduate students have various expectations from academic advising. Regarding the problems encountered in graduate education academic advising, the findings reveal that academics face difficulties mainly due to the students' deficiencies in scientific research skills and scientific research methods during the thesis stage. On the other hand, graduate students face problems in the academic advising process, particularly in terms of academics not providing timely feedback, inadequate guidance in research methods, and working with an advisor they did not choose. Additionally, it emerged that the main problem for graduate students in the field of classroom teaching is the difficulty in finding academics specialized in their field. The findings regarding the proposed solutions to the problems in graduate education academic advising indicate that academics mainly emphasize two topics in their proposed solutions. Firstly, it is suggested that especially master's students should go through a one-year preparation process, such as scientific preparation, before starting their master's courses. Secondly, it is recommended that academics who will provide academic advising should undergo a specific education on "academic advising" and a framework should be established for academic advising. When examining the proposed solutions from the perspective of graduate students, it is seen that the most commonly expressed solution is the ability to choose the individuals who will provide them with academic advising throughout their graduate education.
Avaliação da qualidade higienicossanitária da carne de frango comercializada na cidade de Codó-MA/ Evaluation of the hygienic and sanitary quality of chicken meat commercialized in Codó-MA
Authors: Farias Nathália Lima , Costa Carlyanne do Nascimento , Nobre Eva Michelly Carvalho Santana , Bonfim Lívia Oliveira da Silva , Freire André da Silva
Published: April 2024

A avicultura possui uma grande representatividade no agronegócio brasileiro, principalmente na agroindústria de frango para corte. A alta produção de frangos no Brasil proporciona grande importância econômica e a eficiência dessa cadeia produtiva tornou esse país um dos principais exportadores desse produto. Por outro lado, o grande volume de produção da carne de frango no país traz muitas implicações com relação às condições higienecossanitária de processamento e comercialização, principalmente nas pequenas cidades brasileiras. No processo de obtenção da carne os consumidores não observam somente a aparência do produto, mas, o ambiente ao redor onde o produto está sendo comercializado assim como o modo que a carne está sendo exposta para a venda e as condições sanitárias da comercialização nem sempre estão implantadas dentro dos padrões adequados de higiene para garantir a qualidade dos produtos e a saúde de quem o adquire. Por esse motivo o principal objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar as condições da qualidade microbiológica das carnes comercializadas nas principais feiras e pequenos pontos de venda na cidade de Codó – MA. Para a avaliação da qualidade da carne primeiramente foi aplicado um check-list em vinte pontos de comercialização, em seguida foram realizadas análises microbiológicas para coliformes totais e termotolerantes e análise de pH. Com relação à higiene sanitária dos estabelecimentos equipamentos e manipuladores, observou-se que a maioria não cumpre com os requisitos necessários para comercialização de carnes, fazendo - se necessária a adoção de Boas Práticas de Manipulação, por parte dos estabelecimentos. Cerca de 45,0% dos pontos de venda obtiveram níveis de contaminação por coliformes superior ao preconizado pela RDC n° 12/2001. Já na análise de pH foram insatisfatórias para 85,0% das amostras.
Stacked Deep Learning Models for Fast Approximations of Steady-State Navier–Stokes Equations for Low
Re
Flow
Authors: Wang Shen , Nikfar Mehdi , Agar Joshua C. , Liu Yaling
Published: April 2024

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are broadly used in many engineering and physics fields. CFD requires the solution of the Navier–Stokes (N-S) equations under complex flow and boundary conditions. However, applications of CFD simulations are computationally limited by the availability, speed, and parallelism of high-performance computing. To address this, machine learning techniques have been employed to create data-driven approximations for CFD to accelerate computational efficiency. Unfortunately, these methods predominantly depend on large labeled CFD datasets, which are costly to procure at the scale required for robust model development. In response, we introduce a weakly supervised approach that, through a multichannel input capturing boundary and geometric conditions, solves steady-state N-S equations. Our method achieves state-of-the-art results without relying on labeled simulation data, instead using a custom data-driven and physics-informed loss function and small-scale solutions to prime the model for solving the N-S equations. By training stacked models, we enhance resolution and predictability, yielding high-quality numerical solutions to N-S equations without hefty computational demands. Remarkably, our model, being highly adaptable, produces solutions on a 512 × 512 domain in a swift 7 ms, outpacing traditional CFD solvers by a factor of 1,000. This paves the way for real-time predictions on consumer hardware and Internet of Things devices, thereby boosting the scope, speed, and cost-efficiency of solving boundary-value fluid problems.
Synergistic CO
2
Removal via Enhanced Olivine Weathering and Diatom Growth in the Ocean
Authors: Zhang Enquan , Li Yunxuan , Wang Yiwen , Liu Dong , Cong Yu , Liu Jihua , Tang Kunxian , Jiao Nianzhi , Zheng Qiang
Published: April 2024

Enhancing the alkalinity of the ocean is a promising approach for CO
2
removal by promoting marine carbon sequestration. Olivine is a key candidate material for enhancing alkalinity owing to its release of silicates when dissolved in seawater. These released compounds serve as crucial nutrients for phytoplankton such as diatoms to foster their growth, which in turn accelerates olivine dissolution and further enhances carbon sequestration. In this study, we investigated the short-term synergistic CO
2
removal effects of an olivine–diatom coculture system. Over a 6-day incubation period, the olivine dissolution was 92% to 144% higher in the olivine–diatom groups compared with the olivine-only groups. The olivine-only groups achieved a CO
2
removal efficiency of 5.15% to 5.49%, while the olivine–diatom groups achieved a CO
2
removal efficiency of 8.84% to 14.44%. Adding olivine was found to increase the total alkalinity by 70 to 100 μM and the diatom abundance by 26.4% to 58.4%. Diatom growth and the fixed carbon content were greatly enhanced, particularly during the later silicate-depleted stage when the Si:C ratio significantly exceeded that of groups without olivine. This mutually beneficial olivine–diatom coculture system offers a highly efficient CO
2
removal strategy for addressing climate change. The results of this study contribute to our understanding of carbonate and biological carbon pump processes.
Multiple Sources Forcing Driving Changes in Spatial Patterns of Coastal Wetland Vegetation
Authors: Sun Jinping , Liu Zhenxia , Zhao Binru , Luo Wen , Yu Zhaoyuan , Yuan Linwang
Published: April 2024

Vegetation evolution is an important indicator of regional ecosystems and sea–land interactions. In this study, we investigated the evolution of coastal wetland vegetation, focusing on the core area of Yancheng City National Rare Bird Nature Reserve. Using high-precision classification based on phenological characteristics, we delineated the evolutionary process of three predominant wetland vegetation types:
Spartina alterniflora
,
Suaeda salsa
, and
Phragmites australis
. Spatial and temporal patterns were analyzed using the generalized additive model to identify drivers of evolution. From 1990 to 2022, a three-stage shift in vegetation distribution from land to sea was observed. Notably,
S. salsa
’s distribution area consistently shrank since 2000, whereas
P. australis
continued to grow. Throughout the entire period,
S. alterniflora
consistently maintained growth and tended toward stability. The vegetation distinctly showcased zonal patterns along the coastal gradient, revealing a clear inclination to migrate toward the seaside. Specifically,
S. alterniflora
displayed a centroid migration rate of 195.28 m/year, shifting northward, whereas
P. australis
and
S. salsa
migrated eastward (toward the seaside) at rates of 111.84 and 70.88 m/year, respectively. Environmental factors, such as downward irradiance, sea surface salinity, and significant wave height, significantly influenced vegetation patterns. Human activities, particularly aquaculture pond construction, emerged as the primary anthropogenic factor causing the reduction in
P. australis
distribution. Additionally, the competition for ecological niches among vegetation emerged as a pivotal factor contributing to the alterations in the landscape pattern within the study area.
Managing Hepatotoxicity Caused by Anti-tuberculosis Drugs: A Comparative Study of Approaches
Authors: Abbaspour Faeze , Hasannezhad Malihe , Khalili Hossein , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Jafari Sirous
Published: April 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest and most well-known diseases that has been associated with humans for many years and remains a global health challenge today. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment are crucial for controlling and preventing the spread of the disease. While anti-TB drugs offer many benefits, inadequate monitoring can lead to a range of side effects, including hepatotoxicity, which is a major concern and can cause treatment discontinuation. The aim of this study was to determine the approach to the hepatotoxicity of anti-TB drugs and to investigate potential relationships between demographic factors, underlying medical conditions, and successful retreatment outcomes for hepatotoxicity induced by anti-TB drugs. Methods: For this study, we reviewed the medical records of patients who experienced hepatotoxicity due to anti-TB treatment and were admitted to the infectious ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital between April 2015 and February 2019. The data were collected using a questionnaire. Results: The findings indicated that the female gender, weight loss at the beginning of hospitalization, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), heart disease, and high levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) at the beginning of hepatotoxicity are risk factors for failure to the retreatment of hepatotoxicity. There were two different approaches to the anti-TB retreatment regimen. The first approach involved gradually starting the drugs in full dose, while the second approach encompassed starting the drugs in the minimum dose and then increasing to the maximum dose. The results demonstrated no significant difference between the two approaches to managing hepatotoxicity induced by anti-TB drugs. Conclusion: Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a common occurrence that often results in treatment discontinuation. Understanding the prevalence of this complication and identifying appropriate methods of rechallenge treatment is crucial to reducing complications and mortality rates.
Comparison of the Mental Disorders Among Families of ISIS Captives Residing in Sulaymaniyah With the Native Population in 2023: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Zrar Rahman Bakhtyar , Bayrami Mansour , Esmaielpour Khalil
Published: April 2024

Background: This study aimed to compare the level of mental disorders among families of ISIS captives residing in Sulaymaniyah with the native population in 2023. Methods: In the present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, a total of 383 ISIS captives by census aged 18-60 years were selected, along with an equal number of matched native individuals from Sulaymaniyah in terms of demographic characteristics. The data collection tool was the SCL-90 questionnaire. The 90-R-SCL interview and test were used to assess the level of symptoms related to mental disorders. Results: The results showed statistically significant differences between ISIS captives and the native population in terms of the total psychological disorder mean score (2.54±0.30 vs. 1.52±0.16; P<0.001), Global Severity Index (GSI) (253.40±32.82 vs. 137.03±14.74; P<0.001) and the mean scores of the dimensions of psychological disorder including: physical complaint (2.52±0.45 vs. 1.67±0.54; P<0.001), obsessive compulsive disorder (2.51±0.43 vs. 1.50±0.44; P<0.001), disorder in interpersonal relationships (2.55±0.44 vs. 19.10±0.29; P<0.001), depressive disorder (2.60±0.41 vs. 1.60±0.55; P<0.001), anxiety disorder (2.50±0.41 vs. 12.10±0.29; P<0.001), aggression disorder (2.55±0.49 vs. 19.10±0.40; P<0.001), morbid fear disorder (2.55±0.45 vs. 1.48±0.45; P<0.001), paranoid ideation disorder (2.49±0.55 vs. 1.39±0.40; P<0.001), and psychotic disorder (2.47±0.43 vs. 1.52±0.57; P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that ISIS captives suffer from multiple psychological disorders, and the presence of more severe mental disorders among this population necessitates comprehensive psychiatric and psychological services for them.
Comparing the Emergency Care of Iranian and Afghan Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ahmadi Gohari Milad , Chegeni‬‬ Maryam , Mehrolhassani Mohammad Hossein , Haghdoost Ali Akbar , Mirzaee Moghaddameh
Published: April 2024

Background: This study investigated the quality of inpatient care provided to Afghan immigrants in Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic (February 2019 to March 2021). For this purpose, the services received by Afghan immigrants were compared with those received by Iranian citizens. Methods: Two emergency services (traumas with 8080 victims and 8,686 patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 infection) were taken into consideration. The records of all patients, including the Afghan immigrants, in two referral hospitals in Kerman were reviewed, and the main variables were the length of hospitalization (LoH), intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate, and death rate. Quantile regression, multiple logistic regression, and Cox regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The median and interquartile range of LoH for Afghan and Iranian nationals admitted due to traumas were 3.0±4.0 and 2.0±4.0, respectively (P<0.01). Moreover, the chance of Afghan nationals being admitted to the ICU (38%, odds ratio=1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.12; 1.69) and the hazard of death (60%, hazard rate=1.60; 95% CI=1.03; 2.49) were higher compared to Iranian nationals, which is statistically significant. However, no significant differences were observed between the COVID-19 patients from the two nationalities in terms of the median LoH, the odds of being admitted to the ICU, and the hazard of death due to COVID-19. Conclusion: Afghan nationals admitted to the hospital due to traumas were more likely to be admitted to ICUs or die compared to Iranian citizens. It seems that Afghan patients who had traumas went to the hospitals with more serious injuries. There was no difference between Afghan and Iranian patients in terms of COVID-19 consequences. Following the findings of this study, it seems that justice in treatment has been fully established for Afghan patients in Iran.
An Outbreak of Home Distillation Methanol Poisoning in Turkey During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Güler Sertaç , Üçöz Kocaşaban Dilber
Published: April 2024

Background: Causes of methanol poisoning may include accidental or suicidal use, as well as self home-distillation. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and outcomes of home-distillation methanol poisoning in two different time periods as an outbreak during the pandemic. The source of the methanol poisoning in all patients was home-brewing or distillation of methanol. Methods: The study was a single-center, retrospective, and observational case-control study. Patients over 18 years of age, in 2 different periods in the form of an outbreak due to home-distillation of methanol between April 1, 2020, and April 1, 2022, when the coronavirus disease 19 pandemic was intensely experienced in Turkey, were included in this study. Results: A total of 43 patients were included in the study. Of these patients, 22 were exposed to methanol between July and August 2020, and 21 patients were exposed to methanol in December 2021. Overall, 20 patients (46.5%) died, while 23 (53.5%) out of 43 patients recovered with or without sequelae. Patients with low blood pressure, oxygen saturation values, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, high blood glucose levels, metabolic acidosis (pH<7.11), and high lactate levels (lactate>4.50 mmol/L) at admission had a statistically significantly worse prognosis. Conclusion: In methanol poisoning due to home brewing, low blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and impaired consciousness at the time of admission were clinical findings associated with mortality. In terms of laboratory findings, especially severe metabolic acidosis and lactate elevation were observed in the group that was mortal despite treatment.