bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological Feature of Ovarian Structures Throughout the Reproductive Cycle in Alpine Goats (Capra Hircus)
Authors: Groppetti Debora , Pecile Alessandro , Frattini Stefano , Pagnacco Giulio , Arrighi Silvana
Published: November 2018

The knowledge about ovarian physiology in small ruminants is still limited, especially when compared to other domestic species. Ovarian function in goats is mainly assessed by ultrasonographic techniques, whereas a quali-quantitative feature of the follicular and luteal structures throughout the reproductive cycle in naturally cycling goats is scarce. This study provides a detailed description of the functional morphology and size of 742 ovarian structures (follicles, corpora hemorrhagica and corpora lutea) in relation to the oestrus phase, the body weight and the age of 25 Alpine goats (Capra hircus). The current study demonstrated that, the number and size of the follicles were related to the stage of the reproductive cycle (P < 0.0001). Also, the mean number of follicles was high during both prepubertal anestrus and diestrus, whereas it was low in the oestrus. Large (3-4 mm in diameter) and very large follicles (> 4 mm) (P < 0.001), and small follicles (< 2 mm; P < 0.05) varied throughout the reproductive cycle, while medium follicles (2-3 mm) were invariably observed. Large and very large follicles were predominant during the diestrus phase and small follicles in the prepubertal anestrus. It is evident from the current study that the number of follicles (P < 0.05) was significantly affected with both body weight and age. On the other hand, the size of follicles was significantly affected with body weight only (P < 0.0001). These results could contribute to a deeper understanding of ovarian transformations with important implications in assisted reproductive technologies, thereby concurring in advancing the efficiency of ultrasound in breeding programs for this species.
The City-Port of Halmyris: An Integrated Geoarchaeological and Environmental Approach to the Last Roman Bastion on the Eastern Flank of the Danubian Limes
Authors: Romanescu Gheorghe , Mihu-Pintilie Alin , Carboni Donatella
Published: November 2018

The last Roman City on the eastern side of the Danubian Limes is Halmyris. It is a City-port which plays a primordially military role, situated at the link between the fluvial and the marine environment. The fortress is famous for its location at the foot of the legendary Peuce Island. Halmyris benefits from important natural resources from two environments with distinct characteristics: marine (Halmyris Bay) and freshwater (Danube Delta). When the city was founded, the St. George arm was the most important navigation artery of Danube. Therefore, the penetration upstream was monitored strictly by the City-port of Halmyris (customs). This study emphasizes on the existence of natural favorable premises for the city of Halmyris and it attempts to revitalize thematic tourism. The assessment of paleoenvironment evolution and present conservation stage has been achieved to improve the risk management plan.
The Influence of Weather Conditions and Local Climate on Particulate Matter (PM10) Concentration in Metropolitan Area of Iasi, Romania
Authors: Sfîcă Lucian , Iordache Iulian , Ichim Pavel , Leahu Alina , Cazacu Marius-Mihai , Gurlui Silviu , Trif Cătălin-Răzvan
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of the weather conditions and local climate on the temporal and spatial variability of particulate matters (PM 10) in Iași city which is facing major pollution problems in the recent years. Daily data from 4 monitoring stations of Environmental Protection Agency-Iași–for main weather parameters and particulate matters – and the temperature from an inner temperature and relative humidity observation network inside the city were used for a three year study (2013-2015). Linear correlation, composite analysis and multiple regression are the main statistical methods applied in the analysis. In brief, the most important meteorological parameters enhancing air pollution in Iași seem to be represented by thermal inversions developing in the region strongly related to local climate conditions. The Pearson correlation coefficient (stronger than -0.40) between PM10 and thermal gradient, the difference in the PM10 concentration exceeding 20 μg/m3 between strong thermal inversions and unstable conditions and the leading role of thermal gradients in multiple regression are the main indicators of the great role of thermal inversion in generating and sustaining pollution conditions in this area. The maximum concentrations of PM10 occur in May and March, gathering more than 30% of the days for the entire year. Complementary studies were taken into account in order to analyse the aerosol optical properties retrieved from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET-NASA).
Considerations on the Environmental Policies and Strategies of the European Union
Authors: Durac Gheorghe , Cărpușor Andreea Luminița
Published: November 2018

The protection of environmental factors, of the environment as a whole, is a major and ever more pressing issue, which should be of interest to all mankind, to all the states, and to all political and governmental decision factors. In this sense, at the level of the Member States of the European Union, it was necessary to draw and adopt coherent environmental policies and strategies, which would insure an effective protection of the natural and anthropological factors, on the medium and long term.

Environmental quality is a matter of general, global interest, which requires achieving appropriate environmental policies, taking into account the essential connection between the world’s economy and the environment.

The environmental policy is a method of organising, coordinating, and institutionalising the complex activity of protecting the environmental factors, meant to set the strategies, means, and their implementation techniques at a national, regional, and global level, with the purpose of insuring the preservation and development of the environment.

Within the European Union, the opportunity to draw and adopt an environmental policy was determined by the problems that surged following the rapid extension of pollution, a phenomenon that does not stop at the borders of one state or of Europe.

Thus, in a first instance, the general policy concerning the environmental protection within the European Union was formulated and defined, through the elaboration and implementation of the Environmental Action Programmes, following which the European Commission established the sectoral strategies in the field, starting from the Strategy for sorting waste and continuing with the EU Strategy for natural protection, the EU Strategy for air pollution, and the EU Strategy for water pollution. In the end, by adopting the Strategy for Sustainable Development, the environmental policy is permanently connected to the environmental issues that may appear, leading to new tendencies in the actions for environmental protection.

The efficiency of environmental policies in the European Union is materialized through improvements in the issues related to air quality, surface water quality, through the dissemination and delimitation of fauna protection areas, but there are still many contexts in which such approaches should be intensified, such as: global warming, deterioration of piscicultural fauna, decline in biodiversity.
The Interference of Abandoned Mining Sites with the Surrounding Human Communities
Authors: Anca Ionce , Ruxandra Ionce
Published: November 2018

The social, economic and environmental effects of the mining activities on the surrounding human communities, specifically after the cessation of such profile units without undertaking the necessary safety and greening measures, are rarely analysed in our country.

The modifications in quality and capacity of economic use of the abandoned mining perimeters after the cessation of activity, corroborated with the pressure exercised by the citizens to re-establish the ownership rights, with the impact on the general state of health and security of the local population, are only some of the forms of social impact these areas have.

In the Suceava County there are over 15 abandoned mining sites in populated areas.

The present paper will address these issues in critical areas in the Suceava County and will present the forms of risk these areas pose on the health and safety of the surrounding human communities, most of which are due to the lack of measures meant to reduce the ecological impact of the mining sites after their abandonment.
Studies and Research on Maximum Flows of the Trotuş River in 1990-2017
Authors: Avram Mihaela , Luca Mihail , Marcoie Nicolae , Chirica Ştefania
Published: November 2018

Research has analyzed components of the climate and hydrological regime on the Trotuş River and its tributaries over the past 30 years. The hydrological risk was determined by natural causes, but also by anthropogenic causes. Parameters of hydroclimatic risk are represented of the torrential rainfall, flood flows, high frequency of high flows, high erosion speeds etc. The research revealed that at very low intervals (3-5 years) there were floods with very high flows. Changing the climate regime (precipitation concentration on small days) and the natural relief forms in the hydrographical basin (the Eastern Carpathian Mountains) allowed natural risk to occur in the hydrological regime of the Trotuş River. Anthropic factors, in particular, the modification of the leakage coefficient by deforestation of forests and the change of agricultural use of land with large slopes have contributed to the occurrence of anthropogenic risk in the Trotuş River basin. Corroboration of the two types of risk, natural and anthropic, has led to a hydrological disaster regime in the Trotuş River Basin.
Assessment of Pluvial Floods Potential on the Rivers of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Ana Jeleapov
Published: November 2018

Present study is dedicated to assessment and mapping of generation and propagation potential of flash flood and river floods on the rivers of the Republic of Moldova. Main methods applied in the research are Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI) and Flooding Potential Index (FPI). Additionally, a new index for estimation of flood propagation potential (FPPI) is proposed in order to evaluate impact of main factors (natural and human) on propagation of flood wave through the floodplain of small and medium-sized rivers of Moldova. In total, assessment of FFPI an FPI was performed for 789 elementary river basins (basin area less than 200 km2) and also was considered for 983 elementary territorial-administrative units (communes). Estimation of FPPI was made for 50 main small and medium sized rivers of Moldova. All index parameters (7 for FFPI, 6 for FPI and 12 for FPPI) were integrated, analyzed and combined in GIS environment. As a results, it was found that the FFPI is average for mostly all basins and communes but is characterized by significant differences in spatial representation on local level. FPI is high in basins and communes situated in the floodplains of large and medium sized rivers, in flood-prone areas, and is low in those with high altitudes and steep slopes (Codri and Nistru heights). Flood propagation potential was estimated with average values for 56% of total number of rivers, high for 34% and very high for 6%. The results can be used for future estimation of flood generation and flood wave propagation processes and for improvement and optimization of flood management practices and strategies on rivers weakly studied from hydrology point of view.
Studies and Research on Natural and Antropic Risk the Moldova’s Lower Course
Authors: Luca Mihail , Avram Mihaela , Luca Alexandru-Lucian , Chirica Ştefania
Published: November 2018

The paper presents the studies and researches on the natural and anthropic risk parameters on the Moldova riverbed in the Soci area, Iasi County. In this area are located hydrotechnical structures for regulation of the riverbed and shore defence for the protection of the undercrossing of the Timisesti-Iasi adduction pipeline. The theoretical study analyzed hydrological risk parameters (especially liquid and solid flows) recorded over the last 30 years. High flow rates have a high hydroclimatic risk for bed and river construction. Anthropogenic risk parameters were manifested in the morphological modification of the minor riverbed of the Moldova River. An important anthropogenic risk is the uncontrolled exploitation of the ballast in the bed and river banks of Moldova. The effects of this risk contributed to the descent of the bed of the bed at an accelerated pace, along with the erosion of the banks. The accumulation of the effects caused by the natural and the anthropic risks led to important morphological changes in the riverbed of Moldova. These modifications have altered the safety state of the construction of the undercrossing of the Timisesti-Iasi adduction pipeline. The result of the hydrological and also human actions was the degradation of the pipelines until their rupture.
Resiliency Analysis of Energy Demand System in Finland
Authors: Khastar Mojtaba , Aslani Alireza , Bekhrad Kaveh , Naaranoja Marja , Kowsari Hamed
Published: November 2018

Investigating the performance and productivity level of different energy consuming sectors in all countries is an inevitable action. This procedure will be conducted by comparing the energy input and the output of the system which is vital to ensure that the system is used properly. The proper utilization of systems will lead to more efficiency in the energy consumption section. One of the most important tasks in this type of study is the analysis of uncertainty indicators. The analysis and evaluation of uncertainty indices in energy consumption system is a tool that prioritizes the indicators in terms of importance and impact on each of the consumption targets. These consumption goals include energy, environmental, technical, economical, and social objectives. Ultimately, the output data of the uncertainty analysis will be very helpful for making the system more reliable and usable. In this study, we first introduced different sectors of the energy consumption system in Finland and examined each of these sectors in terms of physical and environmental goals. Then the uncertainty indexes in different sectors are extracted, evaluated qualitatively and quantified using the fuzzy logic method. Finally, indicators are prioritized based on the level of effectiveness and uncertainty. According to the results of this research, among 44 considered indices, the security of energy supply, carbon emission, equivalent annual cost, reliability, and political acceptability are respectively the most important indices for energy, environmental, economic, technical and social goals.
Oral Reconstruction with Free Lateral Arm Flap Analysis of Complications and Donor Site Morbidity for Patients with Advanced Stage Oral Cancer
Authors: Pastars Kalvis , Zariņš Jānis , Tārs Juris , Ivanova Anna , Skaģers Andrejs
Published: November 2018

Radial forearm flap is a gold standard for oral soft tissue defect reconstruction after tumour ablative surgery of oral cancer in advanced stages. The main disadvantage of this flap is donor site morbidity. The goal of our study was to show versatility of lateral arm flap in 34 cases with different oral defects that were reconstructed after tumour ablation, and to analyse complications and donor site morbidity. Thirty-four patients with advanced stage oral cancer (T3 and T4) underwent tumour ablation with or without suspicious lymph node removal and with immediate reconstruction of oral defect with lateral arm flap. Analysis of complications and donor sites morbidity was carried out. The Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire was used to evaluate functional and esthetical donor site outcome during at least one year follow up. Thirty-one patients had successful free flap surgery with uneventful post-surgery period. Flap loss due to vascularity problems was in one case (2.9%). The flap success rate was 97.1%. The donor site was closed primarily in all cases and healed uneventfully. The Michigan Hand Outcome Score was average 94.30%. The lateral arm is an excellent choice for oral reconstruction after ablative tumour surgery. It is versatile, safe and reliable for oral reconstruction with very good functional and aesthetical donor site outcome.
Nominalization in Applied Linguistics and Medicine: The Case of Textbook Introductions and Book Reviews
Authors: Jalilifar Alireza , Elhambakhsh Seyedeh Elham , White Peter R.
Published: November 2018

Drawing on Systemic Functional Linguistics, this study explored variational use of nominalization in 600 textbook introductions and 200 book reviews in applied linguistics and medicine. The nominalized expressions were identified in the texts, the frequencies of the nominalization types were counted, and eventually a chi-square test was administered. Analysis of nominalization patterns across the different informational/promotional moves revealed divergent patterns in the two disciplines but insignificant differences across the genres in focus. The density of nominalizations was acknowledged in the applied linguistics introductions and book reviews. However, functional variations in the use of nominalizations were found only in the introductions. As for the proportion of nominalization to grammatical metaphor, results demonstrated a lower tendency towards nominalizing scientific information in the medicine corpus. Further research is needed to see how nominalization is exploited in other genres and other disciplines.
Geodetic monitoring of earth-filled flood embankment subjected to variable loads
Authors: Kuras Przemysław , Ortyl Łukasz , Owerko Tomasz , Borecka Aleksandra
Published: November 2018

The article presents an example of supplementing geotechnical monitoring with geodetic observations. The experimental flood embankment built within the ISMOP project (Information Technology System of Levee Monitoring) was subjected to continuous monitoring based on built-in measuring sensors. The results of geodetic monitoring used for observation of earth-filled flood embankment subjected to external loads are presented in the paper. The tests were carried out on an experimental food embankment forming a closed artificial water reservoir. The observations were carried out for two purposes. The first was long-term monitoring, which was aimed to determine the behaviour of the newly built embankment. The second purpose was to check the reaction of the levee to the simulated flood wave, caused by filling and draining the reservoir. In order to monitor the displacements of the earth-filled embankment, it was necessary to develop the proper methodology. For the needs of research works, an appropriate network of 5 reference points and 48 survey markers has been designed and established. The periodic measurements were carried out using precise robotic total station. The stability of the reference frame was each time checked and displacements of survey markers were determined based on it. The final results allow to reveal the reaction of levee to external loads. The displacement values were referred to the course of the filling and draining experiment to indicate the relationship between them. In the field of long-term monitoring the results clearly imply the dominance of displacements outside the reservoir for points located on the embankment, in contrast to points on the crest and foreground, which do not show significant movements. On the other hand, in the field of testing the embankment reaction to the flood wave, obtaining reliable results was possible thanks to high-accuracy geodetic measurements. Small displacement values, often at the level of their determination errors, were averaged for groups of points with the same height of foundation. A sizable number of points allows to perceive some tendencies and the relation between embankment soaking, hence its movement directions can be noticed. During periods when the levee was still saturated with water, slight movements outside the reservoir were revealed. On the other hand, the following period of drying caused movement in the opposite direction.
Negation and presupposition, truth and falsity
Authors: Duží Marie
Published: November 2018

There are many kinds of negation and denial. Perhaps the most common is the Boolean negation not that applies to propositions-in-extension, i.e. truth-values. The others are, inter alia, the property of propositions of not being true which applies to propositions; the complement function which applies to sets; privation which applies to properties; negation as failure applied in logic programming; negation as argumentation ad absurdum, and many others. The goal of this paper is neither to provide a complete list, nor to analyse all of them. Rather, I am going to deal with negation of propositions that come attached with a presupposition that is entailed by the positive as well as negated form of a given proposition. However, there are two kinds of negation, namely internal and external negation. I am going to prove that while the former is presupposition-preserving, the latter is presupposition-denying. This issue has much in common with the difference between topic and focus articulation within a sentence. Whereas articulating the topic of a sentence activates a presupposition, articulating the focus frequently yields merely an entailment. The main contribution of this paper is the proof that the two kinds of negation are not equivalent. While the Russellian wide-scope (external) negation gets the truthconditions of a sentence right for a subject occurring as a focus, Strawsonian narrow-scope (internal) negation is validly applicable for a subject occurring as the topic. I also deal with other kinds of presupposition triggers, in particular factive attitudes and prerequisites of a given property. My background theory is Transparent Intensional Logic (TIL). TIL is an expressive logic apt for the analysis of sentences with presuppositions, because in TIL we work with partial functions, in particular with propositions with truth-value gaps. Moreover, the procedural semantics of TIL make it possible to uncover the hidden semantic features of sentences, make them explicit and logically tractable.
Contentual approach to negation1
Authors: Łukowski Piotr Ł
Published: November 2018

Interpretations of logics with only truth-functional connectives create a number of problems regarding the understanding of interpreted sentences. A particular problem is caused by the understanding of a sentence that is the negation of another. What is the meaning of sentence ¬p, for a particular sentence p? Even when we know what the semantic correlate of the sentence p is, we still do not know how to understand the semantic correlate of the sentence ¬p. The standard algebraic approach does not explain much. The problem is still open, because it is still unclear how to understand the element of algebra −v(p). The propositional logic with the connective of the content implication, as it is a non-Fregean logic, proposes a simple solution to this problem. The key to understanding the content of the sentence ¬p is to understand the content of the sentence p. Because, the content of the natural language sentence usually has a partial understanding, so it can be understood differently. Therefore, the negation ¬p is here understood adequately to the current and partial understanding of the sentence p. It seems that the proposed approach is consistent with our daily thinking.
Something, nothing and Leibniz’s question. negation in logic and metaphysics
Authors: Woleński Jan
Published: November 2018

This paper discusses the concept of nothing (nothingness) from the point of logic and ontology (metaphysics). It is argued that the category of nothing as a denial of being is subjected to various interpretations. In particular, this thesis concerns the concept of negation as used in metaphysics. Since the Leibniz question ‘Why is there something rather than nothing?’ and the principle of sufficient reason is frequently connected with the status of nothing, their analysis is important for the problem in question. Appendix contains a short critical analysis of Heidegger’s famous statement Das Nichts nichtet.
A contra-linguistic study of negation in Korean and English
Authors: Ri Yong-Sok , Kim Yong-Yun , Ri Gwang-Chon
Published: November 2018

Negation is frequently found in every language, and many logicians or linguists have been carrying out research on it. Their investigations are, however, mostly confined to the languages of Europe. Although some of them pay attention to non-European languages, we can hardly find research on negation in Korean. In this paper, we carry out contra-linguistic analysis of four aspects of negation in Korean and English. First, we compare the expressions of negative elements in Korean and English sentences. Second, we contrast the types of negation in Korean with those of English. Third, we draw a distinction between Korean and English in what decides the scope of negation. Finally, we contrast the answers to questions which contain negative elements.
Determination of 'physical culture' and the characteristics of its levels
Authors: Sobânin Fedor , Karabutova Elena , Nikulin Igor'
Published: November 2018

Based on the analysis of literature, comparison, induction, deduction was conducted to study the essence of the notion "physical culture". It is shown that in some countries the notion "physical culture" is an umbrella for the study of physical perfection of man, but in many countries generic are other concepts. Even those authors who study the theory and methodology of physical culture, not always involved in the definition of "physical culture". Evaluation study of the concepts as species for the theory of common culture and generic for the theory of physical culture has identified the need to develop the basic concepts of "physical culture". The diversity of the content of the physical activities required the development of special formulas for the definition of "physical culture". The study formulated and basic concept of "physical culture", suitable for professional training, as well as the definition of the concept for level of students in secondary schools and higher - level researchers in the field of theory and methodology of physical perfection.
Characteristics of physical training of persons with visual impairment: From instruction and workout to training and competition
Authors: Aleksandrović Marko
Published: November 2018

Visual impairment as a congenital condition or acquired state is due to: eye diseases, physical injuries, falls, brain injuries, infections, etc. In relation to the degree of visual impairment, there are blind and low vision persons. Due to insufficient or non-existent visual information at an early stage of development, children with visual impairment are not aware of their own body and space, therefore they have problems with their own motion. The motor development of children with visual impairment is slow, which manifests through delayed walking, ineptitude, clumsiness, frequent fall and bad coordination. On the other hand, it is possible that the ultimate level of motor abilities of people with visual impairment can be approximate or the same as people without visual impairment. For an appropriate approach to physical exercise it is necessary to consider the following in a person with visual impairment: the amount and type of vision, physical, functional, health and mental state. The basic characteristics of implementing physical exercises with this population include: adaptation of teaching methods, adaptation of the exercise space and selection of appropriate requisites and equipment. The way of acquiring knowledge of the low vision children is visual information (regardless of the poor quality of their reception), and for blind children there are audible and tactile information. A constant, detailed verbal description of motions and movements is necessary in order to explain incomplete visual information and associate it with successive tactile information. An individual-led activity ensures understanding of the person with VI on the required movement. The analytical method is the dominant method during instructions and training. Sports in which people with visual impairment can participate are: athletics, chess, judo, ninepin bowling, tenpin bowling, shooting, swimming, tarball, football 5, golf, showdown, golf, power lifting, skiing, riding ... IBSA (International Blind Sport Federation) is an international sports organization that takes care of sports of persons with VI and is a member of the IPC (International Paralympic Committee). Competitions involving people with VI include: Paralympic Games, IBSA Games, world, continental, regional and national championships, as well as many international and national tournaments.
Sequestration of organic carbon in rendzinas – a review
Authors: Wasak Katarzyna , Drewnik Marek
Published: November 2018

The article refers to the stock and sequestration of organic carbon in soils rich in carbonates, particularly in rendzinas. It presents factors determining sequestration of organic carbon in rendzinas in comparison to other soils, and describes the mechanisms of accumulation of organic matter in these soils. Attention was paid to the atypical morphology of organic and humus horizons occurring in soils rich in carbonates, with specificity related to biological processes.
Forest sites and forest types on rendzinas in Poland
Authors: Lasota Jarosław , Błońska Ewa , Pacanowski Piotr
Published: November 2018

The article discusses the relationship between rendzinas and types of forest sites and plant communities in lowland, upland and mountain areas in Poland. Rendzinas as soils of forest sites play an important role in the uplands of southern Poland. In mountain areas, their preponderance is limited to the area of the Pieniny and the Western Tatras. The site-forming role of rendzinas in the upland areas depends mainly on geomorphological conditions. Typical rendzinas generally form eutrophic sites of multi-species oak-hornbeam forests, fertile beech forests and thermophilous beech forests. Rendzinas with lithological discontinuities usually create poorer form sites of mixed deciduous forests, which correspond to floristically poorer phytocenoses of acidophilous deciduous forests. In mountain areas, the climate and geomorphological processes form the zonation of vegetation and rendzinas. In vertical layout sites, the rendzinas change from fertile sites of fir and beech forests, through mesotrophic mixed forests sites, to spruce forest on limestone in the upper montane zone.
Penciptaan Naskah Drama Pemberontakan Sisifus
Authors: SUMARNO RANO
Published: November 2018

The Rebellion of Syssiphus. The Rebellion of Syssiphus play script is an effort to response suicide phenomenonin Indonesia. Joining two different social lives among human life in Indonesia and Greek mythology constructsthis creation as a surrealism play script. The purpose of this creation is: 1) to create a joint script of two differentrealms between Sissyphus’ life and recent reality of Indonesian people’s life in surrealist plot, (2) to produce a scriptconstantly contextual with man’s problem in life, (3) to enrich Indonesia Drama documentation through a scriptwith high motivational contents as an alternative of destiny. As a anti-suicide campaign for Indonesians, the authorinvokes a brilliant thinking of existentialist philosopher, Albert Camus, within the script to be performed andwatched. The implementation is not wholesome, but adapting Pancasila values. Therefore, this script is importantas a reference for students who teach and perform absurd scripts. Most drama observers say that the emergence ofabsurd script proposed by group of dramatist in 1950’s could not be released from Camus’ thought
Musikalisasi Puisi “Hatiku Selembar Daun”
Authors: B. Koapaha Royke , Rokhani Umilia , Farida Nurul
Published: November 2018

The musical poem of “Hatiku Selembar Daun”. Music and poetry have a signifi cant relationship; they bothhave an element of sound. This study discusses the relation of the transformation of poetry to musical poem in“Hatiku Selembar Daun” by Djoko Damono Sapardi. The study was conducted by means of the form of music andharmony through musicological studies, as well as the relationship between music and poetry in a musical poemitself. Based on the analysis we concluded that the dominant harmonious relationship between music and the meaningof the poem “Hatiku Selembar Daun” deals with the creative elements in it.
Pengembangan Metode Pembelajaran Mata Kuliah Tari Surakarta Dasar
Authors: Atmadja Bambang Tri
Published: November 2018

Metode pembelajaran mata kuliah Tari Surakarta Dasar di Jurusan Tari FSP ISI Yogyakarta mengalami perubahanparadigma, kurikulum yang memberlakukan pengurangan jumlah Sistem Kredit Semester (SKS) sesuai denganKurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi (KBK), berdampak tidak tercapainya isi muatan mata kuliah secara keseluruhandan kualitas. Berdasarkan pengalaman lapangan, perlu adanya pembenahan metode pembelajaran dengan mempertimbangkantingkat kualifi kasi normatif atau standar pembelajaran. Hal ini dapat dilakukukan dengan cara memadatkanmateri ajar rantaya I dan II menjadi satu materi yang mewakili keseluruhan dalam kesatuan materi rantayaputri, rantaya putra alus dan rantaya putra gagah. Pemadatan masing-masing materi tari dasar dilakukan agar pesertadidik secara mudah belajar tarian bentuk pada jenjang mata kuliah berikutnya.
Dokumentasi Tari Tradisional
Authors: Astuti Budi
Published: November 2018

Documentation of Traditional Dance. Tari merupakan seni sesaat, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan dokumentasiyang baik yang dapat merekam seluruh gerak dan aktivitas yang menyeluruh, sehingga suatu saat dapatdirekonstruksikan kembali. Sistem pendokumentasian secara tertulis atau pencatatan tari telah dilakukan sejakjaman dahulu. Sistem pencatatan tari sebagai salah satu cara mendokumentasikan tari masih dilakukan hinggasekarang. Namun demikian sistem pencatatan tari yang dilakukan oleh seniman satu dengan seniman lainnya ataudaerah satu dengan daerah lainnya, berbeda-beda. Terlepas dari kekurangan dan kelebihannya, perlu dipikirkansistem pencatatan tari yang bisa dipahami oleh semua kalangan sehingga bisa dipakai sebagai bahasa komunikasiyang sifatnya universal. Notasi laban bisa dijadikan alternatif sistem pencatatan tari karena mampu merekam detaildetailposisi dan gerak yang paling lembut dan rumit dari setiap bagian tubuh. Kemajuan teknologi memungkinkansistem pendokumentasian tari melalui perekaman gerak secara visual sangat bermanfaat untuk mendukung danmelengkapi dokumentasi tertulis.
Tari Golek Gambyong Gaya Yogyakarta
Authors: Winarti Tutik
Published: November 2018

Gambyog Dance of Yogyakarta. Tari Golek Gambyong merupakan satu-satunya tari golek gaya Yogyakartayang berbentuk tari kelompok. Tari ini merupakan koreografi lama yang dicipta KGPA Mangkubumi pada masapemerintahan Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwana VI. Tari Golek Gambyong dibawakan oleh tiga orang penari, denganperan dan karakter yang berbeda, yaitu satu peran putri sebagai Golek, dua peran putra masing-masing menjadiKakang Gambyong dan Canthang Balung. Diperkirakan tari ini merupakan penggambaran adanya intrik politik yangterjadi pada masa itu atau sebagai sindiran bagi yang berseteru pada masa itu. Saat tari itu diciptakan, dalam keratonsedang terjadi intrik politik yang terkenal dengan nama pergolakan Suryengalaga.
Penciptaan Naskah Drama Ambu Hawuk Berdasarkan Tradisi Lisan dan Perspektif Jender
Authors: Darma Budi
Published: November 2018

Artikel ini membahas proses penciptaan naskah drama Ambu Hawuk . Naskah ini diadaptasi dari cerita lisandan mitologi lokal yang berkembang di daerah Sunda. Cerita lisan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalamdengan para informan yang mewakili berbagai versi. Setidaknya terdapat enam versi tradisi lisan mengenai tokohini, yaitu versi Cikawungading, Manonjaya, Cianjur, Sukaraja, Parungponteng, dan Galunggung. Dari keenamversi tersebut terdapat variasi dan kesamaan. Naskah ini mencoba membangkitkan kembali semangat feminismedalam peristiwa-peristiwa yang dijalin dalam legenda Ambu Hawuk. Sistem patriarki masyarakat Sunda lebih seringmemandang perempuan sebagai sebuah kaum yang memiliki keterbatasan dibandingkan dengan kaum laki-laki.Cerita ini menggambarkan seorang perempuan yang dianggap berada di belakang laki-laki dan menjadi bayangbayangseorang laki-laki, muncul menjadi seorang pemimpin.Kata kunci: Ambu Hawuk, naskah drama, tradisi lisan.ABSTRACTThe Creating Process of Drama Script Ambu Hawuk Based on the Oral Tradition and the GenderPerspective. This article discusses about the creating process of the drama script Ambu Hawuk. This script was adaptedfrom the oral story and the local mythology developed in Sunda. This oral story was compiled through the intensive interviewwith some sources of information that represented many kinds of versions. There are six versions of the oral traditiontalking about this character, namely: the version of Cikawungading, Manonjaya, Cianjur, Sukaraja, Parungponteng, and Galunggung. Of those six versions, there are varieties and similarities. This script tries to develop feminism spirit on someinterrelated events in Ambu Hawuk legend. From the perspective of Sundanese’ point of view on the patriarchy system, women are regarded as God’s creature who have more basic physical and mental limitations than men. This story describes a woman who is regarded as a person behind the man’s existence and becomes the man’s shadow; but soon afterwards, she becomes a leader.Keywords: Ambu Hawuk, Drama Script, Oral Tradition
Tumpang Tindih: Sebuah Komposisi Musik Dalam Interpretasi Personal
Authors: - Warsana
Published: November 2018

Komposisi musik ini merupakan bagian dari relfeksi pengalaman masa kecil penulis ketika harus menghafalhuruf Jawa Hanacaraka. Sebagai rangsang awal dalam karya ini adalah ide dari legenda Ajisaka tentang menciptakanhuruf Jawa Hanacaraka. Ketidakpastian dalam satu keputusan memunculkan keputusan baru adalah gambaran tatanan kehidupan dewasa ini oleh karena bahasa serta sikap dalam mengambil tindakan yang tumpang tindih. Dalam komposisi ini Hanacaraka yang terdiri dari 20 kata diaktualisasikan ke dalam beberapa instrumen musik dan sumber bunyi dengan karakter yang berbeda. Komposisi ini memadukan instrumen gong, bonang, pralon, othokothok, klonthongan sapi, serta pengolahan huruf Jawa Hanacaraka. Komposisi ini memperhatikan tiga elemen musik yakni ritme, melodi, dan harmoni dengan pola permainan sukat yang berbeda. Penyajian komposisi sebagai sebuah pertunjukan dapat dinikmati secara audio maupun visual. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penggarapan baik penyajian musikal maupun non musikal. Dengan mengacu pada pertunjukan teater maka diperlukan stage, agar terjadi komunikasi antara penonton dengan pemain dalam satu arah pandang mata.Kata kunci: tumpang tindih, hanacarakaABSTRACTThe Tumpang Tindih: A Music Composition. Observing the current reality of twisted, overlap, and unstructured life becomes the theme of this composition. Music composition entitled “Overlapping” represents the part of the writer’srefl ective experience on his childhood when he must memorize Javanese letters of Hanacaraka. The diffi culty in learningand memorizing the Javanese letters becomes the basic idea of the birth of his composition. The Legend of Ajisaka aboutcreating the Javanese letters of Hanacaraka becomes the stimulus of an early idea in this composition. The uncertainty inone decision which emerges another new decision is a description of life arrangement nowadays because of the overlapping of the language and attitude. In this composition, Hanacaraka with 20 letters is actualized into some musical instruments and sound with different characters. This composition combines the gong instrument, bonang, “pralon”- hard pipe, othokothok – a traditional children’s toy, “klontongan sapi”- the bell horn by the ox, and also the Javanese letters of Hanacaraka arrangement. All the sound mentioned above; then is composed into three music elements, namely the existence of rhythm, melody, and harmony with different “sukat”- measure such as 3/4, 4/4, 5/4, 7/4. This composition is presented as a performance, which can be appreciated through audio and visual. Therefore, a good musical and non- musical arrangement is necessarily used. Referring to the theatre performance, hence a stage is needed in order to be a direct communication media for the audience and players.Keywords: overlapping, hanacaraka
Pertunjukan Boneka Multi Dimensi ”Sumpah Pralaya”
Authors: Kriswantoro Aneng
Published: November 2018

Perancangan naskah Sumpah Pralaya ini lebih bersifat eksperimen yang mencoba untuk menggabungkan dua konsep bentuk pertunjukan boneka dua dimensi (wayang kulit) dan tiga dimensi (wayang golek) sebagai media penuangan. Wayang golek dan wayang kulit mempunyai bentuk dan karakter yang berbeda baik secara konsep pertunjukan maupun cara menggerakan. Namun perbedaan ini justru menjadi tantangan yang harus bisa dipecahkan dalam rangka membentuk sebuah pertunjukan yang tetap bisa dipahami oleh penikmatnya. Perancangan ini mengreinterpretasi tokoh Abimanyu supaya menjadi cerita yang ideal untuk dipaparkan dimasyarakat luas. Tema tentang kepahlawanan, keteguhan hati manusia, dan cinta, diharapkan menjadi pelajaran yang berharga bagi penikmatnya. Cerita ini juga dalam rangka memunculkan pitutur-pitutur Jawa untuk dikomunikasikan kembali kepada para penikmat. Setelah memahami cerita ini penikmat diharapkan mendapatkan pencerahan dan pengetahuan tentang kehidupan yang baik. Orientasi dari perancangan ini adalah mencoba untuk menempatkan dan memaknai dimensi dalam sebuah pertunjukan. Pertunjukan ini diharapkan mampu memunculkan dimensi lain yang justru merangsang dan mendorong penikmat kedalam sebuah imajinasi baru yang sebelumnya tidak pernah terpikirkan.Kata kunci: wayang, golek, boneka, abimanyuABSTRACTSumpah Pralaya: Puppet Theatre. The design of The Pralaya Oath represents an experiment which is trying to collaborate the two-dimension puppet and the three-dimension one as a united performance. The two-dimension puppet applied in this design is the wayang kulit (leather puppet), whereas the three-dimension puppet is the wayang golek (wooden puppet). These have different forms and characters in its concept of performance. However, the method to play these puppet scopes has dissimilar features and techniques. This remarkable distinction somehow becomes a challenge for the puppet artists to create an understandable and entertaining art performance. This work entitled The Pralaya Oath is clasified as an effort to reinterpret the character of Abimanyu in the form of a particular story that can be widely well-narated. Heroism, courage, and love knotted in this work are all lessons for people to learn. Moreover, this work is aimed to bring out the Javanese moral values as well. After watching and understanding this work, people are expected to gain both enligment and knowledge of a proper life. The orientation of this work is to attach as well as to interpret these particular dimensions in one stage. Hopefully, this performance is able to emerge other particular performance dimensions that could stimulate and assist people to win a new imagination they never thought before.Keywords: puppet performance, wooden puppet, abimanyu
Laras, Surupan, dan Patet dalam Praktik Menabuh Gamelan Salendro
Authors: Saepudin Asep
Published: November 2018

Tulisan ini membahas tentang peranan laras, surupan, dan patet dalam praktik menabuh gamelansaléndro. Gamelan saléndro termasuk salah satu perangkat gamelan yang terdapat dalam karawitanSunda. Penyajian gamelan saléndro dalam karawitan Sunda memiliki keunikan tersendiri yang tidakditemukan pada musik lain yakni terdapat perbedaan laras antara gamelan yang digunakan denganlagu yang dinyanyikan oleh pesinden (vokalis). Oleh karena itu, tidak mudah untuk menyajikansebuah lagu dalam permainan gamelan saléndro karena harus memahami terlebih dahulu laras,surupan, dan patet sebagai jembatan bagi perbedaan laras ini agar terjalin nuansa musikal yangharmonis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa laras, surupan, dan patet memilikiperanan sangat penting dalam praktik bermain gamelan saléndro, sebagai kunci utama yang harusdikuasai seorang pengrawit (lebih khusus bagi seorang perebab) untuk menyajikan lagu atau gending.Selain itu, disimpulkan pula bahwa laras, surupan, dan patet sebagai satu kesatuan yang utuh, memilikiketerkaitan satu sama lainnya dalam praktik menabuh gamelan saléndro.Laras, Surupan, and Patet in Playing Salendro Gamelan.This paper discusses the role of laras(musical scale), surupan, and patet (Jawa: pathet) concepts in playing salendro gamelan. Salendro gamelanis one of gamelan instruments in Sundanese gamelan music. The performance of salendro gamelan inSundanese gamelan has its own uniqueness which is not found in other musical genre or characteristics, thatthere is a different laras between the used gamelan and the song sung by vocalist. Therefore, it is not easy topresent a song in a salendro gamelan play because we should understand laras, surupan, and patet conceptsfor bridging the difference to create the harmonious musical nuance. Based on the result analysis, it may beconcluded that laras, surupan, and patet concepts play the important role in playing the salendro gamelan.They are the main keys for gamelan players who should master to play the song or gending. In addition, laras,surupan, and patet concepts as a unity relate to each other in playing the salendro gamelan.
Makro Ekonomik İstikrarsızlıklar ve Doğal İşsizlik Oranı: 1980-2016 OECD ve Türkiye Ekonomisi Örneği
Authors: ŞANLI Devran
Published: November 2018

İktisat
literatüründe işsizliğin uzun dönem eğilimlerini açıklayan iki önemli görüş bulunmaktadır.
Bunlardan ilki “doğal oran hipotezi” diğeri ise “histeri hipotezi” olarak bilinmektedir.
Doğal oran hipotezine göre uzun dönemde işsizlik, doğal oranına ulaşacak ve bu
oran üzerinde enflasyon ile işsizlik arasındaki değiş-tokuş ilişkisi sona erecektir.
Kısa dönemde ise söz konusu değiş tokuş ilişkisi geçerli olacaktır. Histeri hipotezi
yaklaşımı ise şokların işgücü piyasasındaki katılıklar nedeniyle işsizlik
düzeyi üzerinde kalıcı etkilere sahip olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. İktisadi bir
şoktan sonra işsizlik oranı eski seviyesinin çok üzerinde bir patikaya
oturacaktır. Bu görüşe göre uzun süre yüksek işsizlik yaşanması doğal işsizlik
oranının eski seviyesine dönmesine engel olacaktır. Bu çalışmada OECD ve
Türkiye ekonomisi için 1980-2016 yılları arasında işsizlik oranına karşılık
gelen enflasyon oranları arasındaki doğrusal ilişkiden hareketle doğal işsizlik
oranı ekonometrik olarak hesaplanmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen katsayılar
istatiksel olarak anlamlı ve iktisat teorisiyle uyumlu işaretlere sahiptir. Söz
konusu dönemde Türkiye ekonomisi için doğal işsizlik oranı %9.14 seviyesinde hesaplanmıştır.
OECD ülkeleri için ise İşsizlik oranı %1 puan artığında enflasyon oranı söz
konusu dönem için ortalama olarak %0.9 puan azalmıştır. Doğal işsizlik oranı
ise OECD ülkeleri için %6.12 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar aynı zamanda
söz konusu ülkeler için enflasyon ile işsizlik arasındaki ödünleşmeyi gösteren
Philips Eğrisi’ nin katsayılarını göstermektedir.
FRONT COVER
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: November 2018

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FRONT MATTER
Authors: Editor Editor
Published: November 2018

FRONT MATTER