bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Cultural and Heritage Tourism Development in Mannar: Critical Success Factors and Challenges
Authors: Dias S. J. , Ranasinghe J. P. R. C. , Harshani G. H. V. , Jayawardena H. N.
Published: September 2024

Cultural and Heritage Tourism (CHT) is a widespread alternative tourism sector that encompasses all aspects of travel, providing visitors with opportunities to learn about the history and lifestyles of different cultures. It significantly contributes to the economic development of developing countries in Asia. Sri Lanka also benefits economically from CHT. However, CHT activities in the Northern Province have experienced a decline due to external shocks such as the Easter Sunday Attack and the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the region's great potential to attract tourists with its culturally rich heritage sites, which have been well-known since ancient times. This study examines the critical success factors and challenges for CHT development in the Northern Province using a qualitative research method. Sixteen tourism stakeholders were selected through purposive sampling, and in-depth structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using content analysis. The findings revealed that infrastructure facilities, integration and accessibility, hospitality and treatment, biodiversity, and diversification are critical success factors contributing to CHT. Moreover, the findings identified erroneous promotional activities, lack of proper planning, and poor awareness among the natives as challenges that must be addressed comprehensively. Furthermore, the study concluded that adopting an exclusive and focused CHT strategy, involving the private sector in the promotion of CHT, and promoting unique products and resources by showcasing them are recommended for the development of the CHT industry. The findings could inform various stakeholders, including the government, policymakers, tourism stakeholders, and residents, about addressing the sustainable development of Cultural and Heritage Tourism (CHT) in the Northern Province.
Estimates of Sequences with Ultralong and Short CDR3s in the Bovine IgM B Cell Receptor Repertoire Using the Long-read Oxford Nanopore MinION Platform
Authors: Altvater-Hughes Tess E , Hodgins Harold P , Hodgins Douglas C , Gallo Natasha B , Chalmers Gabhan I , Ricker Nicole D , Mallard Bonnie A
Published: September 2024

Cattle produce Abs with an H chain ultralong CDR3 (40–70 aa). These Abs have been shown to have features such as broad neutralization of viruses and are investigated as human therapeutics. A common issue in sequencing the bovine BCR repertoire is the sequence length required to capture variable (V) and isotype gene information. This study aimed to assess the use of Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ MinION platform to perform IgM BCR repertoire sequencing to assess variation in the percentage of ultralong CDR3s among dairy cattle. Blood was collected from nine Holstein heifers. B cells were isolated using magnetic bead–based separation, RNA was extracted, and IgM+ transcripts were amplified using PCR and sequenced using a MinION R10.4 flow cell. The distribution of CDR3 lengths was trimodal, and the percentage of ultralong CDR3s ranged among animals from 2.32 to 20.13% in DNA sequences and 1.56% to 17.02% in productive protein sequences. V segment usage varied significantly among heifers. Segment IGHV1-7, associated with ultralong CDR3s, was used in 5.8–24.2% of sequences; usage was positively correlated with ultralong CDR3 production (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). To our knowledge, this is the first study to sequence the bovine BCR repertoire using Oxford Nanopore Technologies and demonstrates the potential for cost-efficient long-read repertoire sequencing in cattle without assembly. Findings from this study support literature describing the distribution of length and percentage of ultralong CDR3s. Future studies will investigate changes in the bovine BCR repertoire associated with age, antigenic exposure, and genetics.
Sequence Matters: Primary COVID-19 Vaccination after Infection Elicits Similar Anti-spike Antibody Levels, but Stronger Antibody Dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity than Breakthrough Infection
Authors: Holder Kayla A , Ings Danielle P , Fifield Kathleen E , Barnes David A , Barnable Keeley A , Harnum Debbie O A , Russell Rodney S , Grant Michael D
Published: September 2024

Infection before primary vaccination (herein termed “hybrid immunity”) engenders robust humoral immunity and broad Ab-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) across SARS-CoV-2 variants. We measured and compared plasma IgG and IgA against Wuhan-Hu-1 and Omicron (B.1.1.529) full-length spike (FLS) and receptor binding domain after three mRNA vaccines encoding Wuhan-Hu-1 spike (S) and after Omicron breakthrough infection. We also measured IgG binding to Wuhan-Hu-1 and Omicron S1, Wuhan-Hu-1 S2 and Wuhan-Hu-1 and Omicron cell-based S. We compared ADCC using human embryonic lung fibroblast (MRC-5) cells expressing Wuhan-Hu-1 or Omicron S. The effect of Omicron breakthrough infection on IgG anti-Wuhan-Hu-1 and Omicron FLS avidity was also considered. Despite Omicron breakthrough infection increasing IgG and IgA against FLS and receptor binding domain to levels similar to those seen with hybrid immunity, there was no boost to ADCC. Preferential recognition of Wuhan-Hu-1 persisted following Omicron breakthrough infection, which increased IgG avidity against Wuhan-Hu-1 FLS. Despite similar total anti-FLS IgG levels following breakthrough infection, 4-fold higher plasma concentrations were required to elicit ADCC comparable to that elicited by hybrid immunity. The greater capacity for hybrid immunity to elicit ADCC was associated with a differential IgG reactivity pattern against S1, S2, and linear determinants throughout FLS. Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 following Omicron breakthrough infection manifests significantly less ADCC capacity than hybrid immunity. Thus, the sequence of antigenic exposure by infection versus vaccination and other factors such as severity of infection affect antiviral functions of humoral immunity in the absence of overt quantitative differences in the humoral response.
Preventive effect of yacon leaves capsule in reducing symptoms of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage
Authors: Irawan Roy Januardi , Sudijandoko Andun , Wahyudi Heri , Kumaat Noortje Anita , Bawono Mokhamad Nur , Rimawati Nanda , Wijayanto Adi
Published: September 2024

Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage (EIMD) is the disruption of skeletal muscle after high-intensity exercise, leading to decreased performance. Furthermore, it is a common condition following vigorous exercise, particularly in individuals unaccustomed to performance. This disruption results in a decrease in strength, muscle soreness, swelling, and the release of several cytokines, both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. Symptoms of EIMD include Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) and a loss of physical function. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a 14-day administration of yacon leaves capsule supplementation on DOMS and inflammation post-EIMD.To achieve this, an experimental pretest and posttest control group design with a randomized control trial approach was adopted. A total of 32 Recreational male students of the Sports Science Universitas Negeri Surabaya were randomly and double-blindly assigned to either yacon capsule supplementation (n=16) or placebo (n=16) group. Participants were instructed to take a yacon capsule or placebo after breakfast for 14 days. The study groups were subjected to a muscle-damaging protocol consisting of 7 sets of 10 eccentric single-leg press repetitions on a leg press machine. DOMS and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) were determined at 0-h (baseline), 24-h, and 48-h post-exercise before and after 14-day supplementation periods.The results showed that DOMS and IL-6 serum increased at 24 hours post-EIMD when compared to baseline. Additionally, a significant reduction in both DOMS and IL-6 serum levels was observed within the yacon group compared to the placebo group (p<0.05).In conclusion, yacon leaves capsule supplementation was able to attenuate the risk of muscle damage by decreasing DOMS levels and IL-6 serum in the blood.
Analysis of diarrhea incidence based on demographic characteristics and hygiene behavior of adults in Indonesia and Taiwan
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Putri Rahmadaniar Aditya , Damawiyah Siti , Umamah Faridah , Bistara Difran Nobel
Published: September 2024

Diarrhea is a common manifestation of gastroenteritis, affecting both children and adults globally. Subsequently, gastroenteritis is particularly prevalent in developing countries such as Indonesia and Taiwan. This research aimed to analyze the incidence of diarrhea based on socio-demographics and personal hygiene in Indonesia and Taiwan.The method used in this research was a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach, and the data collection involved interviews with adults, using a structured questionnaire. The primary goal of the analysis was to examine the bivariate relationships between each variable and the incidence of diarrhea, and the logistic regression test was applied for the multivariate test.A result from Taiwan respondents, the statistical tests showed significant relationships with age with a p-value of 0.009, education with a p-value =0.010, and personal hygiene with a p-value =0.010. Factors that influenced diarrhea in Indonesia were education with a p-value =0.038 and income with a p-value =0.08.In summary, several socio-demographics and personal hygiene practices played a significant role in the incidence of diarrhea. The differences in results obtained from Taiwan and Indonesia were attributed to differing respondent characteristics, emphasizing the importance of promoting clean and healthy behaviors, including handwashing with soap before eating and maintaining a clean environment, as effective measures to prevent diarrhea.
Development of food for special dietary uses of diabetes based on oyster mushroom and brown rice
Authors: Kusumastuty Inggita , Sulistyowati Etik , Handayani Dian , Nugroho Fajar Ari , Cempaka Anggun Rindang , Rustiani Agustin , Rakhmadiyah Alfina Putri , Zulkifli Muhamad , Jasmine Hana Raniza , Prakasita Gemma Karnika , Amanda Firza Zahra , Putri Ajeng Rifana
Published: September 2024

Diabetes patients often struggle to meet their energy requirements, prompting the suggestion of utilizing Food for Special Dietary Uses (FSDU). Previous research has shown the efficacy of oyster mushrooms’ B-glucan in controlling hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Brown rice, high in magnesium and fiber with a low glycemic index, is known to lower blood glucose levels. Utilizing both ingredients in FSDU may provide products with recommended energy value, nutrient ingredients, and glycemic index. This study aimed to measure the energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, glucose, and glycemic index of four mixed formulations of oyster mushrooms and brown rice, along with a control.The study used a true experimental design with a completely randomized research design. The formulations included: P1=9% mixture of moringa and fish flour, P2=10% mixture of carrot and fish flour, F3=11% mixture of moringa and tempeh flour, and F4=12% tempeh flour.  The total energy was measured using various methods: adiabatic oxygen bomb calorimeter for energy, Kjeldahl for protein, Soxhlet for fat, by-difference for carbohydrates, AOAC enzymatic-gravimetric for total dietary fiber, anthrone for total sugar, and blood glucose tests at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post-test-food ingestion for glycemic index measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using the One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests.The research results indicate significant differences in energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, total sugar, and fiber values among groups (p<0.01). The lowest glycemic index was found in P4 (44.32, medium category). Further analysis indicated that P4 had higher total energy and fat, but lower carbohydrates, total sugar, and glycemic index. According to the Multiple Attribute Zeleny Method, the P4 formula was the best formula for all parameters.The most effective formula, containing brown rice, oyster mushrooms, and tempeh flour (P4), could be a beneficial option for improving the health of individuals with diabetes in the community.
The role of peer social support on family psychological resilience in caring for Chronic Kidney Disease patients receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Supriati Lilik , Sunarto Muhammad , Ulya Ikhda , Rodli Muhammad , Saputra Rendi Yoga , Nova Renny , Hidaayah Nur
Published: September 2024

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a disease that necessitates continuous Hemodialysis (HD) therapy, and families, as primary caregivers in Indonesia, play a crucial role in caring for CKD patients. However, HD therapy places a significant burden not only on patients but also on their families, requiring fostering family psychological resilience to mitigate such a burden. Although peer social support is an important external factor in chronic disease, it is still underdeveloped. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the correlation between peer social support and family psychological resilience in caring for CKD patients receiving HD.This cross-sectional study used purposive sampling, engaging 134 families serving as caregivers for patients receiving HD therapy. The Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS) and The Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ) were adopted as instruments, and data were analyzed using univariate and Spearman tests.The majority of families reported high levels of peer social support (75,37%), predominantly originating from other members facing similar challenges related to caring for CKD patients. Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between peer social support and family psychological resilience (p-value<0.05), showing that higher levels of peer support corresponded to higher family resilience.In conclusion, there was a strong correlation between peer social support and family resilience in the context of caring for CKD patients. Healthcare professionals should integrate social support intervention by establishing social groups to enhance family resilience.
A model of nursing intervention on the psychological needs of a group of neighborhood children in a shelter place in Surabaya
Authors: Wijayanti Dyah , Kholifah Siti Nur , Dinarwiyata Dinarwiyata
Published: September 2024

The fulfillment of the psychological needs of neglected children in shelters is important. However, only the physical need has been fulfilled, resulting in a feeling of dissatisfaction and hampers a positive attitude towards the social environment. Therefore, this study aimed to present a significant nursing intervention model to meet the psychological needs of neglected children. The model integrates behavioral (Lawrence Green), Caring (Jean Watson), and psychogenic needs theory (Murray) to explain the influence of predisposing, enabling, and supporting factors on behavior. This study adopted a cross-sectional design and observational analytic method with a population of 240 neglected children in Surabaya city shelters. The cluster sampling rule of thumb was used in SEM to select 110 (5x22 observe variables) respondents. The result showed that the unique aspects of the group nursing intervention model fulfilled the psychological needs of adolescents in shelters. Furthermore, interpersonal human caring behavior was influenced by predisposing factors and care values with a coefficient value of 0.203. Supporting factors and environmental caring had a coefficient of 0.220 while driving was 0.332. In conclusion, this study showed that the group nursing intervention model fulfilled the psychological needs of adolescents in shelters by integrating the theories of goal attainment, caring (Jean Watson), and psychosocial (Murray). These theories increased adolescent parenting actions, thereby enhancing self-confidence within shelters.
Insulin injection rotation and Diabetes Mellitus nutritional management education
Authors: Narahaubun Indah Rosdiana , Handayani Dian , Kristianto Heri , Kristianto Heri
Published: September 2024

The management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) involves implementing a healthy lifestyle and pharmacological interventions through the administration of anti-hyperglycemia drugs. An essential aspect of treating DM patients is insulin administration, which facilitates glucose transportation into cells. This study evaluated the effectiveness of insulin injection rotation and nutritional management education for DM.The literature search utilized the keywords "education,"AND "insulin injection," AND "nutritional management," AND "DM", ranged 2021-2023 Searches were conducted on various databases, including Proquest, NCBI, BMC, ScienceDirect, and other relevant platforms such as Google Scholar.Ten journal articles pertinent to the subject matter were identified in the study. Findings indicate that nutritional education facilitates overall health improvement in individuals with DM, contributing to maintaining average body weight and near-normal blood glucose levels. It also enhances lipid profile and insulin receptor sensitivity while being a preventive measure against acute or chronic complications such as hyperglycemia. It is noted that selecting the appropriate injection site can significantly impact patients' blood glucose levels. While it is recommended to administer injections at consistent locations, repetitive use of the same site may pose risks of side effects, such as lipodystrophy.After conducting a comprehensive review of ten journal articles, it has been concluded that insulin injection rotation and nutritional management education are effective for managing DM.
Does the decision to disclose non-suicidal self-injury align with decisionmaking frameworks of personal information disclosure? A directed content analysis
Authors: Mirichlis Sylvanna , Hasking Penelope , Boyes Mark , Lewis Stephen P. , Hon Kassandra
Published: September 2024

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the deliberate damage caused to one’s own body tissue, without the intent to die. Voluntary disclosure of one’s NSSI can catalyze help-seeking and provision of support, although what informs the decision to disclose NSSI is not yet well understood. There is currently no existing framework specific to the process of NSSI disclosure, and the aim of this study was to assess the fit between factors involved in the decision to disclose NSSI and two broader frameworks of disclosure: the Disclosure Decision-Making and Disclosure Processes models. A directed content analysis was used to code interview transcripts from 15 participants, all of whom were university students aged between 18 and 25 (M = 20.33, SD = 1.88), with 11 identifying as female. All participants had lived experience of NSSI which they had previously disclosed to at least one other person. All codes within the coding matrix, which were informed by the disclosure models, were identified as being present in the data. Of the 229 units of data, 95.63% were captured in the existing frameworks with only 10 instances being unique to NSSI disclosure. Though factors that inform the decision to disclose NSSI largely align with the aforementioned models of disclosure, there are aspects of disclosure decision-making that may be specific to NSSI.
A vascular endothelial growth factor–loaded chitosan-hyaluronic acid hydrogel scaffold enhances the therapeutic effect of adipose-derived stem cells in the context of stroke
Authors: Zheng Zhijian , Lin Xiaohui , Zhao Zijun , Lin Qiang , Liu Ji , Chen Manli , Wu Wenwen , Wu Zhiyun , Liu Nan , Chen Hongbin
Published: September 2024

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202512000-00028/figure1/v/2025-01-31T122243Z/r/image-tiff

Adipose-derived stem cell, one type of mesenchymal stem cells, is a promising approach in treating ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. However, its application has been limited by the complexities of the ischemic microenvironment. Hydrogel scaffolds, which are composed of hyaluronic acid and chitosan, exhibit excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, making them promising candidates as cell carriers. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a crucial regulatory factor for stem cells. Both hyaluronic acid and chitosan have the potential to make the microenvironment more hospitable to transplanted stem cells, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the context of stroke. Here, we found that vascular endothelial growth factor significantly improved the activity and paracrine function of adipose-derived stem cells. Subsequently, we developed a chitosan-hyaluronic acid hydrogel scaffold that incorporated vascular endothelial growth factor and first injected the scaffold into an animal model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. When loaded with adipose-derived stem cells, this vascular endothelial growth factor–loaded scaffold markedly reduced neuronal apoptosis caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation and substantially restored mitochondrial membrane potential and axon morphology. Further in vivo experiments revealed that this vascular endothelial growth factor–loaded hydrogel scaffold facilitated the transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells, leading to a reduction in infarct volume and neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of stroke induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. It also helped maintain mitochondrial integrity and axonal morphology, greatly improving rat motor function and angiogenesis. Therefore, utilizing a hydrogel scaffold loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor as a stem cell delivery system can mitigate the adverse effects of ischemic microenvironment on transplanted stem cells and enhance the therapeutic effect of stem cells in the context of stroke.
Charmenability and stiffness of arithmetic groups
Authors: Bader Uri , Vigdorovich Itamar
Published: September 2024

We characterize charmenability among arithmetic groups and deduce dichotomy statements pertaining to normal subgroups, characters, dynamics, representations and associated operator algebras. We do this by studying the stationary dynamics on the space of characters of the amenable radical, and in particular we establish stiffness: any stationary probability measure is invariant. This generalizes a classical result of Furstenberg for dynamics on the torus. Under a higher rank assumption, we show that any action on the space of characters of a finitely generated virtually nilpotent group is stiff.
Многочлены Тодда и числа Хирцебруха
Authors: Buchstaber Victor Matveevich , Veselov Aleksandr Petrovich
Published: September 2024

В 1956 г. Ф. Хирцебрух нашел явную формулу для знаменателей многочленов Тодда, которая была позже доказана в его совместной работе с М. Атьей. В настоящей работе представлена новая формула для многочленов Тодда в терминах "забытых" симметрических функций, которая следует из предыдущих работ авторов по комплексным кобордизмам. В частности, это приводит к более простому доказательству формулы Хирцебруха и дает новую интерпретацию чисел Хирцебруха.
Римановы поверхности, близкие к вырожденным, в теории аномальных волн
Authors: Grinevich Petr Georgievich
Published: September 2024

В настоящее время создание теории аномальных волн (известных также как волны-убийцы, rogue waves, freak waves) - одно из приоритетных направлений математической физики. На данный момент нет единого мнения о механизме генерации таких волн (и нельзя исключить, что в различных системах основной вклад вносят различные механизмы), однако в качестве основного кандидата рассматривается модуляционная неустойчивость в нелинейных средах. Одно из направлений исследований в теории аномальных волн связано с использованием интегрируемых моделей, включая нелинейное уравнение Шрeдингера (НУШ). Выбор последнего связан с тем, что в классических работах В.И. Беспалова-В.И. Таланова и В.Е. Захарова середины 1960-х годов НУШ было выведено как модель для описания модуляционной неустойчивости в нелинейной оптике и в теории волн на глубокой воде соответственно. Интегрируемость НУШ была установлена В.Е. Захаровым и А.Б. Шабатом в 1972 г. Наиболее мощным методом построения пространственно периодических (квазипериодических) решений солитонных уравнений является метод конечнозонного интегрирования, начало разработке которого положила работа С.П. Новикова 1974 г. Однако, как отмечал Новиков, несмотря на кажущуюся простоту $\Theta $-функциональных формул, их использование обычно требует дополнительной эффективизации. К счастью, как было замечено П.М. Сантини и автором, в задаче о генерации аномальных волн за счет модуляционной неустойчивости мы работаем с данными Коши специального вида, когда в начальный момент имеется малое возмущение неустойчивого фона. В этом случае спектральные кривые в конечнозонном подходе оказываются малыми возмущениями рациональных и можно получить очень простые асимптотические формулы, которые для небольшого числа неустойчивых мод на удивление хорошо согласуются с результатами численного интегрирования. В данной работе приведен обзор полученных в этом направлении результатов.
Функции Флоке-Блоха на неодносвязных многообразиях, потоки Ааронова-Бома и конформные инварианты погруженных поверхностей
Authors: Taimanov Iskander Asanovich
Published: September 2024

Определяются спектральные многообразия (Блоха) многомерных дифференциальных операторов на неодносвязных многообразиях. С их помощью дается описание аналитической зависимости спектров магнитных лапласианов на неодносвязных многообразиях от значений потоков Ааронова-Бома и строятся аналоги спектральных кривых для двумерных операторов Дирака на римановых поверхностях и тем самым новые конформные инварианты погружений римановых поверхностей в трех- и четырехмерные евклидовы пространства.
Разностный аналог оператора Ламе
Authors: Mauleshova Gulnara Sainovna , Mironov Andrei Evgen'evich
Published: September 2024

Строится разностный аналог оператора Ламе. А именно, указывается разностный оператор второго порядка, коэффициенты которого зависят от малого параметра и который коммутирует с разностным оператором порядка $2g+1$. При устремлении малого параметра к нулю разностный оператор переходит в оператор Ламе.
О симметрии выпуклого многогранника в трансляционной точечной мультирешетке
Authors: Shtogrin Mikhail Ivanovich
Published: September 2024

В геометрической кристаллографии известны 32 точечные кристаллографические группы, или 32 кристаллических класса А.В. Гадолина, составляющие полный список групп симметрии огранки кристалла, внутренняя структура которого подчинена той или иной из 230 федоровских групп, существующих в $\mathbb R^3$. В 2022 г. автор построил две точечные кристаллические структуры, расположенные в $\mathbb R^3$, в которых внешние формы возможной огранки обладают группами симметрии $D_{8\textup {h}}$ и $D_{12\textup {h}}$ соответственно. При этом обе группы были вычислены без учета внутреннего строения огранки. Центральный результат автора в статье 2022 г. состоит в следующем: если внешняя форма возможной огранки идеального кристалла обладает обычным поворотом порядка $n$, который не является кристаллографическим, то $n=8$ или $n=12$ и в таком случае внешняя форма огранки имеет вид прямой призмы конечной высоты. Но лишь после публикации статьи автор заметил, что доказательство этого результата не было полным, хотя сам результат правильный. В настоящей работе дано полное доказательство этого результата, при этом изложение не опирается на текст 2022 г.
DR-иерархии: от пространств модулей кривых к интегрируемым системам
Authors: Buryak Aleksandr Yurjevich
Published: September 2024

Основная цель работы - показать, что DR-иерархии, введенные автором в более ранней работе, позволяют наиболее ясно установить связь между топологией компактификации Делиня-Мамфорда $\overline {\mathcal M}_{g,n}$ пространства модулей $\mathcal M_{g,n}$ гладких алгебраических кривых рода $g$ с $n$ отмеченными точками и интегрируемыми системами математической физики. Также обсуждается перспективный подход, даваемый теорией DR-иерархий, к решению общей проблемы в области гипотез виттеновского типа, а именно к доказательству существования иерархии Дубровина-Чжана для произвольной когомологической теории поля.
Impact of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional markers on the prognosis of patients with peritoneal metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Wu Zhi-Jie , Lan Bing , Luo Jian , Ameti Ayniyazi , Wang Hui , Hu Qiong-Yu
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Identifying patients with peritoneal metastasis (PMs) of colorectal cancer (CRC) who will benefit from cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is crucial before surgery. Inflammatory and nutritional indicators play essential roles in cancer development and metastasis.

AIM

To investigate the association of preoperative inflammatory and nutritional markers with prognosis in patients with CRC-PM.

METHODS

We included 133 patients diagnosed with CRC-PM between July 2012 and July 2018. Patients’ demographics, overall survival (OS), and preoperative inflammatory and nutritional markers were evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to estimate differences.

RESULTS

Of the 133 patients, 94 (70.6%) had normal hemoglobin (Hb) and 54 (40.6%) had a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The median OS (mOS) was significantly lower for patients with high NLR (7.9 months) than for those with low NLR (25.4 months; P = 0.002). Similarly, patients with normal Hb had a longer mOS (18.5 months) than those with low Hb (6.3 months; P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified age, carbohydrate antigen 199 levels, NLR, Hb, and peritoneal cancer index as independent predictors of OS. Based on these findings, a nomogram was constructed, which demonstrated a good capacity for prediction, with a C-index of 0.715 (95% confidence interval: 0.684-0.740). Furthermore, the 1- and 2-year survival calibration plots showed good agreement between predicted and actual OS rates. The areas under the curve for the 1- and 2-year survival predictions of the nomogram were 0.6238 and 0.6234, respectively.

CONCLUSION

High NLR and low Hb were identified as independent predictive risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with CRC-PM. The established nomogram demonstrated high accuracy in predicting OS for patients with CRC-PM, indicating its potential as a valuable prognostic tool for this patient population.
Impact of oxaliplatin and trastuzumab combination therapy on tumor markers and T lymphocyte subsets for advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Zheng Cheng-Wan , Yang Yun-Mo , Yang Hui
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) remains a challenging malignancy with poor prognosis. The combination of oxaliplatin and trastuzumab has shown promising results in AGC treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oxaliplatin and trastuzumab combination therapy on serum tumor markers and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with AGC and to explore their potential as predictive biomarkers for treatment response.

AIM

To investigate the impact of oxaliplatin and trastuzumab combination therapy on serum markers and T cell subsets in patients with AGC.

METHODS

This prospective study enrolled 60 patients with AGC. All patients received oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2, every 3 weeks) and trastuzumab (8 mg/kg loading dose, followed by 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks) for six cycles. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and cancer antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) were measured before and after treatment. T-lymphocyte subsets, including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+ /CD8+ ratios, were also evaluated. The clinical response was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1.

RESULTS

After six cycles of treatment, the CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 serum levels significantly decreased compared to baseline levels (P < 0.001). The percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes increased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes decreased (P < 0.05). The CD4+/CD8+ ratio also significantly increased after treatment (P < 0.05). Patients with a higher decrease in serum tumor markers (≥ 50% reduction) and a higher increase in CD4+/CD8+ ratio (≥ 1.5-fold) showed better clinical response rates (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Oxaliplatin and trastuzumab combination therapy effectively reduced serum tumor marker levels and modulated T lymphocyte subsets in patients with AGC. Combination therapy not only has a direct antitumor effect, but also enhances the immune response in patients with AGC. Serum tumor markers and T lymphocyte subsets may serve as potential predictive biomarkers for treatment response in patients with AGC receiving combination therapy.
Network pharmacology study and in vitro experimental validation of Xiaojianzhong decoction against gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Guo-Qing , Nan Yi , Ning Na , Huang Shi-Cong , Bai Yu-Ting , Zhou Zi-Ying , Qian Gu , Li Wei-Qiang , Yuan Ling
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Cancer is one of the most serious threats to human health worldwide. Conventional treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy are associated with some drawbacks. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine treatment has been increasingly advocated by patients and attracted attention from clinicians, and has become an indispensable part of the comprehensive treatment for gastric cancer.

AIM

To investigate the mechanism of Xiaojianzhong decoction (XJZ) in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC) by utilizing network pharmacology and experimental validation, so as to provide a theoretical basis for later experimental research.

METHODS

We analyzed the mechanism and targets of XJZ in the treatment of GC through network pharmacology and bioinformatics. Subsequently, we verified the impact of XJZ treatment on the proliferative ability of GC cells through CCK-8, apoptosis, cell cycle, and clone formation assays. Additionally, we performed Western blot analysis and real-time quantitative PCR to assess the protein and mRNA expression of the core proteins.

RESULTS

XJZ mainly regulates IL6 , PTGS2 , CCL2 , MMP9 , MMP2 , HMOX1 , and other target genes and pathways in cancer to treat GC. The inhibition of cell viability, the increase of apoptosis, the blockage of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and the inhibition of the ability of cell clone formation were observed in AGS and HGC-27 cells after XJZ treatment. In addition, XJZ induced a decrease in the mRNA expression of IL6 , PTGS2 , MMP9 , MMP2 , and CCL2 , and an increase in the mRNA expression of HOMX1 . XJZ significantly inhibited the expression of IL6, PTGS2, MMP9, MMP2, and CCL2 proteins and promoted the expression of the heme oxygenase-1 protein.

CONCLUSION

XJZ exerts therapeutic effects against GC through multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways. Our findings provide a new idea and scientific basis for further research on the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of XJZ in the treatment of GC.
Burden of gastrointestinal cancers among working-age population over past thirty years in China
Authors: Dong Yu , Fan Zhuan-Zhuan , Li Wen-Ting , Kang Jian , Zhang Yan , Guan Yue , Xu Hui-Qing , Yuan Jie , Xu Fei
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Although gastrointestinal (GI) cancers have been becoming a great public health concern in China, there is currently a lack of comprehensive literature on the overall burden and changing trends of GI cancers in the working-age population.

AIM

To assess the burden of GI cancers and to examine the overall, age- and gender-specific trends among the working-age population in China from 1990 to 2019.

METHODS

Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The burden of GI cancers was indicated by incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate, and age-standardized DALYs rate. Trends in the burden of GI cancers from 1990 to 2019 were examined using annual percent change and average annual percent change with Joinpoint regression models.

RESULTS

For overall GI cancers, a declining trend was observed in the ASIR, age-standardized mortality rate, and age-standardized DALYs rate, with reductions of 0.74%, 2.23%, and 2.22%, respectively, from 1999 to 2019 in the Chinese working-age population. However, an increasing trend was observed in the ASIR for overall GI cancers from 2016-2019. The number of either incident cases, mortality cases, and DALYs was higher for colon/rectum cancer and liver cancer in younger participants but lower for esophageal, gallbladder, biliary tract, pancreatic, and stomach cancer among older subjects. Moreover, sex disparity in the GI cancers burden was also examined over 30 years.

CONCLUSION

The total burden of GI cancers remained heavy among the working-age population in China, although declining trends were observed from 1999 to 2019. Disparities in the GI cancers burden existed between sexes, age groups, and cancer types. Population-based precision prevention strategies are needed to tackle GI cancers among working-age individuals, considering the age, sex, and cancer type disparities in China.
SUCH VARIOUS ACUTE TONSILLOPHARYNGITIS
Authors: Карпищенко С.А. , Колесникова О.М.
Published: September 2024

Острый тонзиллит – заболевание, сопровождаемое выраженной общей интоксикацией. Это обусловлено тем, что небные миндалины входят в число основных составляющих иммунной системы и их воспаление связано с выраженными системными эффектами. Причинами острого тонзиллофарингита чаще всего являются вирусы, реже бактерии и грибы. В клинической практике может понадобиться время для постановки правильного диагноза. Для облегчения симптомов пациенту необходимо назначить терапию. В ряде исследований показана достоверно превосходящая динамика улучшения показателей общего состояния пациентов с острым тонзиллофарингитом, получавших Тонзилгон® Н. В отличие от традиционных растительных препаратов Тонзилгон® Н является официнальным комбинированным лекарственным средством и разрешен к продаже в аптеках многих стран. К его терапевтическим показаниям относятся острые и хронические заболевания верхних дыхательных путей (тонзиллит, фарингит, ларингит), профилактика осложнений при респираторных вирусных инфекциях, а также применение в дополнение к терапии антибиотиками при бактериальных инфекциях. Компоненты препарата оказывают противовирусное, антибактериальное, противовоспалительное и иммуномодулирующее действие. Включение в схему терапии острого тонзиллофарингита препарата Тонзилгон® Н способствует значительному снижению выраженности клинических симптомов, улучшению общего состояния больных и качества их жизни, снижению частоты использования жаропонижающих средств и, как следствие, лекарственной нагрузки на печень.

Acute tonsillitis is a disease that is always accompanied by severe general intoxication. This is due to the fact that the palatine tonsils are among the main components of the immune system, and their inflammation is associated with severe systemic effects. Acute tonsillopharyngitis is most often caused by viruses, less often by bacteria and fungi. In clinical practice, it may take time to establish a correct diagnosis. To relieve symptoms, the patient must be prescribed therapy. A number of studies have shown significantly superior dynamics of improvement in the general condition of patients who received Tonsilgon® N for acute tonsillopharyngitis. Unlike traditional herbal medicines, Tonsilgon® N is an official combination drug and is approved for sale in pharmacies in many countries. Its therapeutic indications include acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis), prevention of complications in respiratory viral infections, as well as use in addition to antibiotic therapy for bacterial infections. The components of the drug have antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. In the treatment of acute tonsillopharyngitis, the inclusion of Tonsilgon® N in the treatment regimen helps to significantly reduce the severity of clinical symptoms, improve the general condition of patients and their quality of life, reduce the frequency of use of antipyretic drugs and, as a result, the drug load on the liver.
PLANT TERPENS IN THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY PATIENTS WITH URILOSTICAL DISEASE
Authors: Руденко В.И. , Демидко Ю.Л.
Published: September 2024

Мочекаменная болезнь (МКБ) занимает одно из ведущих мест по распространенности среди урологических заболеваний. Важным фактором риска камнеобразования у пациентов с метаболическим синдромом является ожирение. В настоящее время отмечена связь возникновения и рецидива МКБ с метаболическим синдромом, однако точный механизм этой связи не известен. В частности, абдоминальное ожирение у женщин и мужчин c кальциевым уролитиазом сопровождается повышением сывороточной концентрации мочевой кислоты, что является фактором неблагоприятного прогноза течения распространенных форм МКБ. Препарат Роватинекс уменьшает вероятность рецидива камнеобразования путем повышения концентрации защитных коллоидов и глюкуроновой кислоты в моче. Проведенное нами исследование показало, что продолжительность и частота рецидивов камнеобразования меньше у пациентов с нормальным индексом массы тела (ИМТ), принимавших Роватинекс, по сравнению с пациентами, которые принимали Роватинекс и имели повышенный ИМТ и ожирение 1-й степени. Кроме того, ИМТ может оказывать влияние на эффективность применения растительных терпенов, что необходимо принимать во внимание при определении длительности приема и дозировки лекарственного препарата.

Urolithiasis occupies one of the leading places in terms of prevalence among urological diseases. An important risk factor for stone formation in patients with metabolic syndrome is obesity. Currently, there is a connection between the occurrence and relapse of urolithiasis and metabolic syndrome, but the exact mechanism of this connection is not known. In particular, abdominal obesity in women and men with calcium urolithiasis is accompanied by an increase in serum uric acid concentration, which is a factor in the unfavorable prognosis of common forms of KSD. The drug Rowatinex reduces the likelihood of recurrent stone formation by increasing the concentration of protective colloids and glucuronic acid in the urine. Our study showed that the duration and frequency of recurrence of stone formation is less in patients with a normal body mass index (BMI) who took Rovatinex, compared with patients who took Rovatinex and had an increased BMI and grade 1 obesity. In addition, BMI may influence the effectiveness of the use of plant terpenes, which must be taken into account when determining the duration of use and dosage of the drug.
FRAST: TFHE-Friendly Cipher Based on Random S-Boxes
Authors: Cho Mingyu , Chung Woohyuk , Ha Jincheol , Lee Jooyoung , Oh Eun-Gyeol , Son Mincheol
Published: September 2024

A transciphering framework, also known as hybrid homomorphic encryption, is a practical method of combining a homomorphic encryption (HE) scheme with a symmetric cipher in the client-server model to reduce computational and communication overload on the client side. As a server homomorphically evaluates a symmetric cipher in this framework, new design rationales are required for “HE-friendly” ciphers that take into account the specific properties of the HE schemes. In this paper, we propose a new TFHE-friendly cipher, dubbed FRAST, with a TFHE-friendly round function based on a random S-box to minimize the number of rounds. The round function of FRAST can be efficiently evaluated in TFHE by a new optimization technique, dubbed double blind rotation. Combined with our new WoP-PBS method, the double blind rotation allows computing multiple S-box calls in the round function of FRAST at the cost of a single S-box call. In this way, FRAST enjoys 2.768 (resp. 10.57) times higher throughput compared to Kreyvium (resp. Elisabeth) for TFHE keystream evaluation in the offline phase of the transciphering framework at the cost of slightly larger communication overload.
Planning the customer service process of a logistics company based on implementing green technologies
Authors: Pozniak Oksana , Kisera Tetiana , Suvorova Iryna , Shvets Alina , Podrіeza Mykhailo
Published: September 2024

The peculiarities of planning environmentally oriented customer service for a logistics company based on implementing "green" technologies are discussed in the article. It has been researched that planning is an integral part of the successful management of any company, especially in the logistics sector, where customer satisfaction and operational efficiency are key factors. Under modern conditions, to respond to customer requests, logistics companies must take into account the impact of their activities on the environment and implement appropriate methods to minimize the negative impact on the environment, and accordingly, the process of planning customer service in a logistics company should include an environmental component. Given this, the importance of integrating environmental factors and business processes at each stage of planning to ensure sustainable development of a logistics company based on forming a cyclic approach to planning environmentally oriented customer service is substantiated. The method of iterative planning that allows a logistics company not only to improve the quality of customer service but also to integrate environmental practices into its activities, which meets the modern requirements of sustainable development and social responsibility of business has been established. The developed model of environmentally-oriented planning of customer service combines business processes of logistics service and "green" technologies, transforms the operational efficiency of a logistics company in the context of sustainable development, substantiates the integration of environmentally sustainable solutions at all stages of the logistics chain - from initial planning to the final delivery of goods to consumers. To support the proposed model, the implementation of Power-to-X technology is recommended, which allows the conversion of excess renewable energy into energy specifically for logistics and transportation purposes. The implementation of this measure enables the logistics company to reduce emissions and increase energy efficiency, to form a comprehensive approach to the development and integration of environmentally friendly technologies in the company's logistics operations to increase efficiency and competitiveness. It is emphasized that the proposed model demonstrates a comprehensive approach to building a highly efficient and at the same time environmentally sustainable logistics system of the company by integrating innovative "green" technologies.
Transport system of Azerbaijan: what's happening now and what's next?
Authors: Bugayko Dmytro , Mirzayev Fuad Murvat , Garibli Gulgun Mushviq , Eynullazadeh Kazim Mais
Published: September 2024

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the transformations that have occurred in Azerbaijan's transport sector over the past decade, offering insights into the current state of the transport system. It is widely acknowledged that the transport sector plays a pivotal role in enhancing a country's international recognition and strengthening its global position. It follows that the advancement of this sector of the economy represents a fundamental strategic objective for any state. The article reviews and analyses the current state of Azerbaijan's transport system and the measures taken to improve it, as well as the investments made in this field. Furthermore, in consideration of Azerbaijan's current status as a transit nation, the article examined the transportation routes of international corridors traversing the country and their operational efficiency. Also, the article presents a comparative analysis of the cargo and passenger transportation potential of Azerbaijan's transport system over the past decade across various modes of transportation. In order to ascertain the efficacy of the transportation system, the final revenues and expenditures were subjected to analysis, resulting in the calculation of the profit (or loss) for the various modes of transport.