bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-term Survival From Breast Cancer Brain Metastases in the Era of Modern Systemic Therapies
Authors: Mashiach Elad , Alzate Juan Diego , De Nigris Vasconcellos Fernando , Bernstein Kenneth , Donahue Bernadine R. , Schnurman Zane , Gurewitz Jason , Rotman Lauren E. , Adams Sylvia , Meyers Marleen , Oratz Ruth , Novik Yelena , Kwa Maryann J. , Silverman Joshua S. , Sulman Erik P. , Golfinos John G. , Kondziolka Douglas
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Median survival for all patients with breast cancer with brain metastases (BCBMs) has increased in the era of targeted therapy (TT) and with improved local control of intracranial tumors using stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and surgical resection. However, detailed characterization of the patients with long-term survival in the past 5 years remains sparse. The aim of this article is to characterize patients with BCBM who achieved long-term survival and identify factors associated with the uniquely better outcomes and to find predictors of mortality for patients with BCBM.

METHODS:

We reviewed 190 patients with breast cancer with 931 brain tumors receiving SRS who were followed at our institution with prospective data collection between 2012 and 2022. We analyzed clinical, molecular, and imaging data to assess relationship to outcomes and tumor control.

RESULTS:

The median overall survival from initial SRS and from breast cancer diagnosis was 25 months (95% CI 19-31 months) and 130 months (95% CI 100-160 months), respectively. Sixteen patients (17%) achieved long-term survival (survival ≥5 years from SRS), 9 of whom are still alive. Predictors of long-term survival included HER2+ status (P = .041) and treatment with TT (P = .046). A limited number of patients (11%) died of central nervous system (CNS) causes. A predictor of CNS-related death was the development of leptomeningeal disease after SRS (P = .025), whereas predictors of non-CNS death included extracranial metastases at first SRS (P = .017), triple-negative breast cancer (P = .002), a Karnofsky Performance Status of <80 at first SRS (P = .002), and active systemic disease at last follow-up (P = .001). Only 13% of patients eventually needed whole brain radiotherapy. Among the long-term survivors, none died of CNS progression.

CONCLUSION:

Patients with BCBM can achieve long-term survival. The use of TT and HER2+ disease are associated with long-term survival. The primary cause of death was extracranial disease progression, and none of the patients living ≥5 years died of CNS-related disease.
Mechanisms behind the pharmacological application of biochanin-A: a review
Authors: Anuranjana P.V. , Beegum Fathima , K.P Divya , George Krupa Thankam , Viswanatha G.L. , Nayak Pawan G. , Kanwal Abhinav , Kishore Anoop , Shenoy Rekha R. , Nandakumar K.
Published: August 2023

This review was aimed at summarizing the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind the various pharmacological actions of biochanin-A. Many studies have been reported claiming its application in cancers, metabolic disorders, airway hyperresponsiveness, cardiac disorders, neurological disorders, etc. With regard to hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and other malignancies like pancreatic, colon, lung, osteosarcoma, glioma that has limited treatment options, biochanin-A revealed agreeable results in arresting cancer development. Biochanin-A has also shown therapeutic benefits when administered for neurological disorders, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, and other chronic diseases/disorders. Isoflavones are considered phenomenal due to their high efficiency in modifying the physiological functions of the human body. Biochanin-A is one among the prominent isoflavones found in soy (glycine max), red clover (Trifolium pratense), and alfalfa sprouts, etc., with proven potency in modulating vital cellular mechanisms in various diseases. It has been popular for ages among menopausal women in controlling symptoms. In view of the multi-targeted functions of biochanin-A, it is essential to summarize it's mechanism of action in various disorders. The safety and efficacy of biochanin-A need to be established in clinical trials involving human subjects. Biochanin-A might be able to modify various systems of the human body like the cardiovascular system, CNS, respiratory system, etc. It has shown a remarkable effect on hormonal cancers and other cancers. Many types of research on biochanin-A, particularly in breast, lung, colon, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, have shown a positive impact. Through modulating oxidative stress, SIRT-1 expression, PPAR gamma receptors, and other multiple mechanisms biochanin-A produces anti-diabetic action. The diverse molecular mechanistic pathways involved in the pharmacological ability of biochanin-A indicate that it is a very promising molecule and can play a major impact in modifying several physiological functions.
Ketamine infiltration improves analgesia after thyroid surgery
Authors: Sellami Moncef , Zouche Imen , Ben Ayed Mariam , Bouhali Maroua , Ben Ayed Khadija , Ktata Salma , Hammami Boutheina , Chaabouni Mohamed Amine , Charfeddine Ilhem
Published: August 2023

Background: Postoperative pain increases the risk of postoperative complications and may predispose patients to chronic post-surgical pain. This study aims to evaluate the impact of ketamine wound infiltration versus placebo at the end of thyroid surgery on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, we prospectively studied patients who underwent thyroid surgery. Patients were randomized into two groups: group S, where local infiltration was performed using 10 ml of a physiological saline solution; and group K, where 10 ml of a solution containing 2 mg/kg ketamine was infiltrated. Standardized thyroidectomies were performed in the 2 groups. Pain perception was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) every 10 minutes in the post-anesthetic care unit (PACU) for 2 hours and thereafter every 6 hours during the first 24 hours. The opioid requirement in the PACU was evaluated. A comparison between the 2 groups was carried out.

Results: Postoperatively, the mean VAS was higher in group S compared to group K during all PACU stay periods and the first 24 hours. Pain scores during swallowing were significantly lower for group K in the PACU at 0, 10, and 20 minutes. The mean morphine consumption in the PACU was 0.71 mg and 0 mg respectively in group S and group K (p=0.03). The incidence of nausea and vomiting was similar in both groups. 

Conclusions: Ketamine wound infiltration is an efficient modality to reduce postoperative opioid consumption compared to a placebo after thyroid surgery.
Investigating the circulating sphingolipidome response to a single high-intensity interval training session within healthy females and males in their twenties (SphingoHIIT): Protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Carrard Justin , Angst Thomas , Weber Nadia , Bienvenue Joëlle , Infanger Denis , Streese Lukas , Hinrichs Timo , Croci Ilaria , Schmied Christian , Gallart-Ayala Hector , Höchsmann Christoph , Koehler Karsten , Hanssen Henner , Ivanisevic Julijana , Schmidt-Trucksäss Arno
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Growing scientific evidence indicates that sphingolipids predict cardiometabolic risk, independently of and beyond traditional biomarkers such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. To date, it remains largely unknown if and how exercise, a simple, low-cost, and patient-empowering modality to optimise cardiometabolic health, influences sphingolipid levels. The SphingoHIIT study aims to assess the response of circulating sphingolipid species to a single session of high-intensity interval training (HIIT).

Methods: This single-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT) will last 11 days per participant and aim to include 32 young and healthy individuals aged 20-29 (50% females). Participants will be randomly allocated to the HIIT (n= 16) or control groups (physical rest, n= 16). Participants will self-sample fasted dried blood spots for three consecutive days before the intervention (HIIT versus rest) to determine baseline sphingolipid levels. Dried blood spots will also be collected at five time points (2, 15, 30, 60min, and 24h) following the intervention (HIIT versus rest). To minimise the dietary influence, participants will receive a standardised diet for four days, starting 24 hours before the first dried blood sampling. For females, interventions will be timed to fall within the early follicular phase to minimise the menstrual cycle's influence on sphingolipid levels. Finally, physical activity will be monitored for the whole study duration using a wrist accelerometer.

Ethics and dissemination: The Ethics Committee of Northwest and Central Switzerland approved this protocol (ID 2022–00513). Findings will be disseminated in scientific journals and meetings.

Trial Registration The trial was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05390866, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05390866) on May 25, 2022.
Evaluation and comparison of anxiety levels after using Guided Imagery technique for relaxation and modified Guided Imagery-Hypnotherapy technique in 6 to 14 year-old children undergoing local anesthesia administration
Authors: Parakh Himani , Thosar Nilima
Published: August 2023

Anxiety has been defined as a “vague, unpleasant feeling accompanied by a premonition that something undesirable is about to happen”. Dental anxiety is driven by a strong negative or unpleasant emotion towards a dental office or dental procedures. Children with a high level of dental anxiety are more resistant to treatment, and due to this avoidance in dental care can lead to needing more dental treatments. The quality of a treatment being carried out, as well as what materials that are to be used, is directly influenced by a child’s level of cooperation and ability to follow instructions. Behaviour management techniques play a major role during all paediatric treatment procedures, and it is the clinician who is responsible to properly and safely guide the child’s behaviour. Guided Imagery is a visual and sensory-based complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) technique. In hypnotherapy which is a type of mind-body intervention; increased suggestibility is used in the treatment of a medical or psychological disease or condition. Therefore, there is a need of a newer modality based on guided imagery and hypnotherapy to be used in as a whole or in tandem with other conventional behaviour management techniques. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare anxiety levels after using Guided Imagery for relaxation and modified Guided Imagery-Hypnotherapy techniques in 6-14 year-old children undergoing local anesthesia administration.
Case Report: HUGHES-STOVIN SYNDROME: A RARE ENTITY AND CHALLENGING THERAPEUTIC DECISION: CASE SERIES AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Mahjoub Lobna , Kallala Mohamed Yassine , Hammami Ahmed Sami , Saad Jamel , Kechida Melek , Dabbabi Hanen , Dada Syrine , Ben Brahim Marwa , Gamra Habib , Hassine Majed , Ouali Sonia
Published: August 2023

Hughes-Stovin Syndrome is a systematic disorder generally revealed by deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary artery (PA) aneurysms. Its pathogenesis is still unclear and there are no previously established diagnostic criteria or treatment guidelines. It is usually associated with Behçet disease.

The aim of this study was to further enlighten this entity as it is often misdiagnosed. We report a case series of five patients with this rare pathology with a systematic literature review of all the previously reported cases.
Prevalence of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (pvl) and exfoliative toxin A (eta) gene within methicillin resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in an urban tertiary referral hospital: A molecular epidemiology pilot study
Authors: Amelia Sri , Kusumawati R. Lia , Hasibuan Mirzan , Winda Lavarina , Balatif Ridwan , Ivander Alvin
Published: August 2023

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is well known to cause a multitude of clinical manifestations, from mild to severe bloodstream infections that could lead to death. Infections are common, either in community-acquired or hospital-acquired settings, and treatment remains a challenge due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The pathogenesis of S. aureus is mediated by several cell-surface and secreted virulence factors. The virulence factors discussed in this study are Panton-Valentine leucocidin (pvl) and exfoliative toxin A (eta).

Our pilot study aimed to observe pvl and eta as virulence gene prevalence in a North Sumatera tertiary referral health center.

Methods: Our study was a descriptive-analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design in which we collected isolates over a single time period. The frequency of genes is reported as a percentage comparison between MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Qualitative gene prevalence analysis was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: Our results showed that from 38 MRSA sample isolates, six samples were found to be pvl-negative, or 15.7% of the total samples. From 40 MSSA sample isolates, one sample was found to be pvl-negative MSSA, or 0.025%. Regarding eta, from 38 MRSA sample isolates, 18.4% of the total sample did not have eta, while from 40 MSSA sample isolates, all samples were found to be positive for eta. We found that both pvl and eta were significantly more likely to be expressed in the MSSA strain.

Conclusions: Our study shows that pvl and eta are more likely expressed in MSSA strains than in MRSA strains in Indonesia.
Programmatic mapping and estimating the population size of female sex workers, men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs and transgender populations in Kenya
Authors: Musimbi Janet , Musyoki Helgar , Mugambi Mary , Kaosa Shem , Kioko Japheth , Aluko Diane , Wanjiru Waruiru , Wambua Solomon , Prakash Ravi , Isac Shajy , Bhattacharjee Parinita , Emmanuel Faran
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Effective coverage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus prevention services for Key Populations (KPs) including female sex workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID) and transgender (TG) people necessitates periodic validation of physical venues and size estimates. Kenya conducted a robust size estimation of KPs in 2012 and a repeat mapping and size estimation exercise was conducted in 2018 to update KP Size Estimates and sub-typologies within each County for calculation of realistic program indicators. 

Methods: A prospective mixed methods programmatic mapping approach adopted comprised two steps. The first step involved consolidating and documenting all known venues where KPs congregate while the second step included visiting and validating these venues confirming their active status. Data were collected in 34 out of 47 Counties in Kenya between January and March 2018. Data collected included estimated number of KPs (range), venue typology and timing of operation of each venue.  

Results: We estimated a total number of 167,940 (129,271 to 206,609) FSWs; 32,580 (24,704 to 40,455) MSM; 16,063 (12,426 to 19,691) PWIDs; 10,951 (8,160 to 13,742) and 4,305 (2,826 to 5,783) transgender people congregating at 10,250, 1,729, 401 and 1,218 venues respectively. Majority of the venues for FSW (81%), MSM (64%) and transgender people (67%) were bars with and without lodging, PWIDs were mostly found on streets and injecting dens (70%).  Around 9% of FSW and MSM and11% of PWIDs were below the age of 18 years. 

Conclusion: This study provided information on young KPs, female PWIDs, MSWs and for the first time, TG people in Kenya. The exercise updated size estimates of KPs by typology and provided new evidence for resource allocation, planning of interventions and targets. Programmatic mapping continues to be a useful approach supporting programs to achieve high levels of coverage and prioritize resources.
The genome sequence of the Ear Moth, Amphipoea oculea (Linnaeus, 1761)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Hammond James ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Amphipoea oculea (the Ear Moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 669.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.36 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the Acer Sober, Anarsia innoxiella (Gregersen & Karsholt, 2017)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Boyes Clare ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Anarsia innoxiella (the Acer Sober; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Gelechiidae). The genome sequence is 302.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.25 kilobases in length.
The genome sequence of the red compost earthworm, Lumbricus rubellus (Hoffmeister, 1843)
Authors: Short Stephen , Green Etxabe Amaia , Robinson Alex , Spurgeon David , Kille Peter ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual Lumbricus rubellus (the red compost earthworm; Annelida; Clitellata; Haplotaxida; Lumbricidae). The genome sequence is 787.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 18 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.81 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 33,426 protein coding genes.
Risk factors associated with paediatric leukemia – a preliminary study amongst parents
Authors: Kister Klaudia , Laskowski Jakub , Mazur Magdalena , Szabrańska Anna , Bronst Paulina , Czechowska Julia , Rosa Lidia , Zach-Źródlak Monika , Małolepsza Aleksandra , Rektor Natalia
Published: August 2023

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common leukemia seen among pediatric patients. Exposure to agents such as pesticides, tobacco smoke, solvents, and air pollution associated with traffic, factories, and incinerators is consistently associated with an increased risk of developing childhood leukemia. The purpose of this article is to attempt to assess the knowledge of parents of oncology patients about possible risk factors for the development of ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia and the need for educational campaigns to increase cancer awareness in the community.

Material and methods: For the study, the authors created a structured questionnaire that included 15 questions. The printed questionnaire was then distributed to parents staying with their children in the pediatric oncology and hematology department and the hematology-oncology outpatient clinic at 2 clinical hospitals in Poland. The survey was conducted from February to May 2023.

Results: The study group was formed by 256 people. 13% of respondents believe that breastfeeding increases a child's risk of leukemia. One in three questioned pointed to vaccinations as a possible trigger for cancer. The majority of respondents consider care facilities such as the nursery as exposure to the development of leukemia. The vast majority of respondents are dissatisfied with their knowledge of proliferative diseases.

Conclusions: The overall level of parents' knowledge of leukemia risk factors is inadequate. A large percentage of respondents indicate vaccination as a risk factor for the development of ALL There is a need for educational campaigns on childhood cancer. There is a need to verify the sources of medical knowledge used by patients, especially on the Internet.
IN MEMORIAM ANTÔNIO CANÇADO TRINDADE (1947-2022) - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2022v81p29
Authors: Drzemczewski Andrew , Spielmann Dean
Published: August 2023

As a teacher of the universality of human rights, his generous smile, enthusiasm and joviality always ensured a large audience, especially at the International Institute of Human Rights (René Cassin Foundation), to which he remained faithful ever since he received its prestigious diploma in 1974 from René Cassin. Summer studies in Strasbourg were not, however, the only thing Antônio had in common with one of the authors of this tribute. Studies undertaken simultaneously by him in Cambridge and one of the co-authors in London, at the L.S.E., his love of football, tennis sessions in Brazil and Strasbourg are all memories of a true and lasting close friendship. We also both remember the time we spent together in San José, Strasbourg and The Hague. In 2015, we were honoured to be able to preface three important volumes containing the separate opinions of Judge Cançado Trindade: ‘The Construction of a Humanized International Law,’ Brill/Nijhoff, 2015, 2017). How then to describe our immense sadness when we learned of Antônio’s death.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE CANÇADO TRINDADE NA INTERPRETAÇÃO DAS LEIS DE ANISTIA NO SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO DE DIREITOS HUMANOS: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO CASO HERZOG - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2022v81p299
Authors: Albuquerque Letícia , Chiari Gonçalves Vanessa
Published: August 2023

O Brasil foi condenado pela Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, no caso de Vladimir Herzog. A sentença desse caso é emblemá- tica pela gravidade das violações perpetradas contra Herzog que implicam em exemplo da omissão do Estado brasileiro em fazer justiça aos crimes cometidos por agentes públicos e privados na ditadura Militar. O artigo explora como o Brasil implementa as decisões do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos e demonstra por meio da jurisprudência da Corte Interamericana, a influência do jurista Cançado Trindade na interpretação das leis de anistia. O objetivo principal consiste em refletir sobre a contradição da atual política de Direitos Humanos no Brasil decorrente da falta de implementação das leis internacionais que buscam consolidar esses direitos no país. O estudo conclui que há uma falta de concretiza- ção das leis internacionais que visam a melhorar os mecanismos de proteção dos Direitos Humanos no Brasil. A metodologia adotada é analítica indutiva, por meio da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental.
A COMPETÊNCIA DO TRIBUNAL PENAL INTERNACIONAL: TRABALHO ESCRAVO E A COOPERAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL NO BRASIL - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2022v81p319
Authors: Cardoso Barzotto Luciane , Lucia Olivar Jiménez Martha
Published: August 2023

A partir da análise da natureza e da competência do Tribunal Penal Internacional, assim como das regras que embasam sua atuação, pretende-se com o presente artigo verificar se os responsáveis diretos pela prática de trabalho escravo podem ser submetidos à jurisdição do Tribunal Penal Internacional. Desse modo, utilizando-se do método dedutivo e análise de dois casos paradigmáticos (Fazenda Brasil Verde e Petição n.4.625da República do Sudão), chegou-se à conclusão de que apesar da previsão do crime de escravidão no Estatuto de Roma, existem limitações para o exercício da jurisdição do Tribunal Penal Internacional quando se trata de trabalho escravo. Tais limitações relacionadas em particular com a tipificação da conduta no Estatuto e com os elementos do crime adotados pela Assembleia dos Estados Partes fazem com que seja improvável a submissão dos responsáveis pelo trabalho escravo praticado no Brasil. De outra parte, a importância da ratificação do Estatuto pelo Brasil e dos deveres de cooperação que dela decorrem, contidos na Constituição Federativa do Brasil, quanto ao dever de submissão ao Tribunal, são objeto de questionamentos sobre o tema.
THE ROLE OF ANTÔNIO AUGUSTO CANÇADO TRINDADE AS AN INTERNATIONAL JUDGE - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2022v81p381
Authors: Wojcikiewicz Almeida Paula
Published: August 2023

Antônio Augusto Cançado Trindade lived a life dedicated to the theory and practice of international law. This paper briefly presents an overview of his contributions as a Legal Advisor to the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and as an academic on international law, focusing on the contributions of his work as an international Judge at the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and at the International Court of Justice to the advancement of discussions on international law of human rights pertaining to questions of jurisdiction, procedure, substance and to procedural crossfertilisation between international courts and tribunals.
ORDEM E JUSTIÇA: A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DE CANÇADO TRINDADE PARA A HUMANIZAÇÃO DA CORTE INTERNACIONAL DE JUSTIÇA - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2022v81p429
Authors: Cerqueira Reis Roberta
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo analisa votos de Cançado Trindade para identificar como eles promoveram a discussão sobre a humanização do direito internacional nos procedimentos perante a Corte Internacional de Justiça. O trabalho discute que a estrutura institucional da Corte, fundada no contencioso interestatal, privilegia a manutenção de uma ordem internacional estatocêntrica, destacando como os votos de Cançado Trindade, ao trazerem a dimensão dos indivíduos e dos direitos humanos, desafiaram essa ordem e promoveram uma abertura ao debate sobre direitos que extrapolam a dimensão interestatal. O trabalho se vale do arcabouço teórico da Escola Inglesa das Relações Internacionais para discutir a relação entre “ordem” e “justiça”, sustentando que enquanto a Corte adota uma postura condizente com uma preocupação com a “ordem”, Cançado Trindade se posiciona no espectro do debate sobre “justiça”. Ao final, traz considerações acerca da importância do pensamento do jurista para a jurisprudência da Corte e para ampliar o entendimento de seu papel na garantia de Direitos Humanos no plano internacional.
OS DIREITOS PARA ALÉM DO ESTADO. A DECLARAÇÃO DE 1948 E A SUA RETÓRICA ‘UNIVERSALISTA’ - DOI: 10.12818/P.0304-2340.2022v81p485
Authors: Costa Pietro , Sontag Ricardo
Published: August 2023

A Declaração de 1948 é um documento complexo, tanto pela sua gênese, como pelo seu conteúdo. Ainda seria útil, apesar da ampla literatura disponível, uma análise histórica aprofundada, uma investigação detalhada do processo que conduziu à redação do texto, assim como uma leitura atenta dos seus artigos (das suas conexões e eventuais contradições ou tensões). No que diz respeito ao primeiro aspecto, em particular, seria necessário não somente o empenho na ilustração minuciosa dos ‘trabalhos preparatórios’, na investigação, em suma, da gênese imediata do texto, mas, também, estender a análise a sua gênese remota, reconstruindo as ‘filosofias’ que circulavam nos anos trinta e quarenta na América e, mais genericamente, nas compósitas fileiras empenhadas na guerra contra o ‘totalitarismo’ nacional-socialista e fascista.
Penggunaan Bahasa pada Perkembangan Industri Pariwisata di Surabaya: Studi Kasus Objek Wisata Museum Sepuluh Nopember
Authors: Sa'diyah Ilmatus , Ariffa Anggelia Hayuning , Agustina Endang , Maghfiroh Marjiatul , Kusnarto Kusnarto
Published: August 2023

The tourism industry in Surabaya has had to adapt to the changing times marked by the entry of foreign languages into Indonesia. The phenomenon of the use of foreign languages in public spaces is often a problem. For that reason, this article was written based on research conducted to analyze the use of language and writing skills in Indonesian and foreign languages in one of the branches of tourism in Surabaya, namely Museum Sepuluh Nopember. This research is qualitative descriptive in nature using primary data from direct data sources, namely the utilization of indonesian in the tourism industry of Museum Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya. Data collection is done by documentation and observation method. In addition, the analytical method used is descriptive qualitative. Based on the analysis that has been done, the use of Indonesian in the Museum Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya tourism industry is not optimal. There are still several formats for the using and spelling of Indonesian and foreign languages that need to be corrected according to regulations of language institutions and the law on language use.
The Use of Sentence Types in Positive Beauty Campaign YouTube Advertisements
Authors: Efendi Lutfi , Hardjanto Tofan Dwi
Published: August 2023

Beauty products use social media to advertise their products to get people to know them. To attract the audience, the advertisers need to reflect the sentence types as well as the titles as the marketing approach. Understanding the sentence types essential for the company to reach the targeted market. This research studied the sentence types of positive beauty campaign YouTube advertisements. The data collecting technique is through document review by using converted spoken utterances from the positive beauty campaign YouTube advertisement videos. The encrypted videos are from Pantene Pro-V It’s time we see grey hair differently #PowerOfGrey, NEW Rare Beauty by Selena Gomez, Unilever Positive Beauty, and Dove Beauty on your own term #MyBeautyMySay. The results showed that declarative sentences are the most widely used in advertisements. Through declarative sentences, the advertisers persuade the audience to have a look at the message of the positive beauty campaign. Also, the purpose of a positive beauty campaign is to spread and embrace a positive awareness of beauty, therefore the role of the sentence type is significant to support the message of the advertisement.
Multiple sclerosis and ketogenic diets
Authors: Winter George
Published: August 2023

George Winter discusses the extent to which an anti-inflammatory ketogenic diet can influence the progress of a chronic autoimmune and/or inflammatory disease, such as multiple sclerosis.
Topical skin adhesive PRINEO as the ideal wound closure system in cardiac surgery to limit surgical site infection
Authors: Gunga Ziyad , Marchese Mario Verdugo , Pfister Raymond , Dulgorov Filip , Nowacka Anna , Rancati Valentina , Ltaief Zied , Niclaus Lars , Pretre Rene , Kirsch Matthias
Published: August 2023

Objective:

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major source of morbidity after cardiac surgery, involving prolonged hospitalisation. Among the numerous techniques of skin closure and dressings available, the optimal method remains undetermined. The DERMABOND-PRINEO (PRINEO) (PRINEO, Ethicon, J&J) is the only skin closure system which combines a topical skin adhesive with a mesh. Other surgical disciplines have highlighted remarkable results with PRINEO. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PRINEO, used as the final layer in sternotomy closure, in the incidence of postoperative SSIs.

Method:

This was a retrospective single-centre cohort study including adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery between January 2015 and December 2018. Patients who had undergone heart transplantation or ventricular assist surgery were excluded. Included patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of post-operative wound care technique used. Group 1 consisted of patients who had their sternotomy closed with a standard dressing and group 2 consisted of patients who were treated with PRINEO. The primary endpoint of our study was the occurrence of SSIs and secondary outcomes were the length of hospitalisation and mortality.

Results:

A total of 1603 patients were reviewed with the occurrence of 44 SSIs. Both groups were homogeneous in terms of risk factors. The incidence of SSIs was significantly lower in group 2 (PRINEO) than in group 1 (standard dressing) (n=29, 3.8% vs n=15, 1.8%, respectively; p=0.042). However, there was no significant difference in the duration of hospitalisation and mortality.

Conclusion:

In our practice, PRINEO has proven to be a safe wound closure system after sternotomy, with a reduced SSI rate compared to conventional wound care techniques.
A Review of Miscellaneous Spectrum Sensing Algorithms in 5G Ultra-dense Networks
Authors: Ivanov Antoni , Bozhilov Ivaylo
Published: August 2023

The continual development of advanced networks within the Fifth Generation (5G) of wireless systems, and beyond, has seen the rise of multiple important research directions. These include cognitive radio (CR) and ultra-dense networks (UDNs), which are the focus of this article. The CR systems rely on an accurate assessment of the radio environment, which is provided by the spectrum sensing functionality. A review of such algorithms that are characterized by the detection of miscellaneous features of the received signal, together with their performance comparison, is presented. In addition, the application of a simple and adequate solution is assessed through its probability of detection, for a relevant UDN system model under the critical density limitation for the access point (AP) deployment
ANÁLISE DA CONVENÇÃO INTERNACIONAL QUE VERSA SOBRE OS DIREITOS DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA, REFERENDADA COMO EMENDA CONSTITUCIONAL NO BRASIL, E A NOVA INTERPRETAÇÃO E CONTROLE, EM TERMOS JURÍDICOS, DO CONCEITO DE DEFICIÊNCIA PARA FINS DE DIREITO
Authors: Cláudio Souza Silva  , Carlos Eduardo Behrmann Ratis Martins
Published: August 2023

As convenções internacionais, no âmbito do Direito, são acordos entre países que versam sobre assunto de interesse das partes envolvidas. 

No Brasil, umas das mais conhecidas é a Convenção Internacional que versa sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência: A Convenção Internacional Sobre o Direito das Pessoas com Deficiência, assinada em New York em 2007, foi acolhida pela legislação brasileira através do Decreto Legislativo n º 186, de 9 de julho de 2008. A promulgação pelo Presidente da República Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva aconteceu em 25 de agosto de 2009, através do Decreto nº 6.949, de 25 de agosto de 2009, e a partir de então a Convenção passou a ter o status de Emenda Constitucional por força do §3º art. 5º da Carta de 1988 (FILHO, 2015, p. 1).
The Velar Nasal in thing and think : Evidence from Thomas Spence's (1775) Pronouncing Dictionary for the Eighteenth-Century English Phonology Database
Authors: Yáñez-Bouza Nuria , Nieves-Fernández Mar
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT: The history of the velar nasal phoneme involves two stories: the emergence of /ŋ/ as an independent phoneme, as in thing /θiŋ/, and variation between velar and alveolar nasal pronunciations in the context of unstressed <-ing>, as in loving /'lΛviŋ/–/'lΛvin/. The latter has been the object of study in English (historical) phonology and dialectology (e.g., , , , ). The former, however, received little attention until the final decades of the eighteenth century, when Thomas Spence first coded the velar nasal with a separate notation system in The Grand Repository of the English Language (1775). Spence's is one of the eleven pronouncing dictionaries from which the Eighteenth-Century English Phonology Database ( ECEP ) draws its data. The current paper reports on the methodological steps adopted in order to compile a new consonant lexical set for the study of the velar nasal phoneme /ŋ/, labeled thing and further subdivided into two subsets to account for the combination of the nasal consonant spelled  and a voiced /g/ or voiceless velar plosive /k/ consonant ( thing and think ). The selection of example words is based on the inventory of dictionary entries in The Grand Repository , then contrasts Spence's entries with other pronouncing dictionaries in ECEP and narrows down the list according to diverse linguistic parameters such as word-position, stress, part of speech, and number of syllables. The compilation of the lexical set thing will thus facilitate research on the incidence and distribution of the velar nasal phoneme in the history of English. This in turn will add to the body of research underlining the value of evidence drawn from pronouncing dictionaries and will contribute to fostering the "phonological turn" that has been growing in historical linguistics over recent decades.
What is new in EDD Online 4.0 ?
Authors: Markus Manfred
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT: Some mistakes and imperfections in the retrieval software of EDD Online 3.0 motivated the director of the Innsbruck University project to start a revision and to create EDD Online 4.0 . This paper describes the main modifications from 3.0 to 4.0 , as well as the major problems and solutions involved in the digitization of such a complex dictionary structure as Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary ( EDD ). The changes range from an improved identification of text when disturbed by irregular spaces, capitalization, punctuation, abbreviations, numbers, and special characters, which often had to be clumsily coded, to the correct identification and classification of the thousands of sources that Wright used in his EDD . The paper provides evidence that justifies the new version 4.0 , but is also meant as a practical guide for compilers and editors of digital corpora, particularly in the field of lexicography.
“A People before Useless”: Ethnic Cleansing in the Wartime Hudson Valley, 1754–1763
Authors: Midtrød Tom Arne
Published: August 2023

abstract: This article investigates the issue of ethnic cleansing against Native peoples in early America and the relationship between ethnic cleansing and genocide. It examines the efforts of colonial officials in New York and New Jersey to remove Native groups in the Hudson Valley region during the Seven Years’ War. In an atmosphere of suspicion and animosity, colonial authorities first sought to exert control over local Natives through surveillance and internment in colonial towns. Then, following an outburst of genocidal violence from ordinary colonials, they began to encourage the Natives to leave their homelands, first for refuge among the Mohawk allies of the British and then for Native settlements in the distant Susquehanna country. Cast as an effort at paternalistic protection of vulnerable Natives, the official effort at ethnic cleansing worked in tandem with indiscriminate violence from ordinary colonial, as officials both exploited and exaggerated the genocidal attitudes of the colonial population to encourage Native removal. Though colonial officials abandoned this ethnic cleansing program after the return of peace to the region in 1758, the evidence presented here shows that largely nonviolent efforts at removal or ethnic cleansing cannot easily be disentangled from the threat of genocide or extermination.
“Do You Go to New Orleans?”: The Louisiana Purchase, Federalism, and the Contingencies of Empire in the Early U.S. Republic
Authors: Lee Jacob F.
Published: August 2023

abstract: This essay examines the planned invasion of New Orleans organized by the United States in late 1803 to enforce the terms of the Louisiana Purchase treaty. This story is a little-known but revealing moment in the history of the Louisiana Purchase and the early U.S. republic, and it demonstrates the varied levels of power and authority the United States depended on to implement its imperial projects. The federal system necessitated cooperation between the Jefferson administration and state governments in Kentucky, Ohio, and Tennessee, all of which were active partners in U.S. empire-building. West of the Appalachian Mountains, however, local conditions shaped the abilities of the states to fulfill Jefferson’s request for troops. By focusing on the intricacies of the federal system as the Jefferson administration attempted to accomplish a single goal of acquiring Louisiana in a narrow window of time, this essay highlights how crucial the contingencies of politics and power on the ground were to the federal system.
Liberty or Death: Patrick Henry, Theatrical Song, and Transatlantic Patriot Politics
Authors: Dunagin Amy
Published: August 2023

abstract: This “Consider the Source” piece examines the origins of Patrick Henry’s well-known phrase “Give me liberty or give me death!” It suggests that Henry may have borrowed from one of the least elevated of literary contexts: a comedic musical interlude from the London stage. This potential connection both affirms the transatlantic nature of American revolutionary rhetoric and shows that the locus of this rhetorical exchange was socially broad, occurring across “low” as well as elite genres.
New Science in Old Yiddish: Jewish Vernacular Science and Translation in Early Modern Europe
Authors: Jánošíková Magdaléna , Idelson-Shein Iris
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This essay explores the phenomenon of the translation of scientific works from European languages into Yiddish from the early sixteenth century through the late eighteenth century. By following the trajectory of texts and ideas from the non-Jewish realm to the Ashkenazi Jewish vernacular, it draws attention to the ways in which cultural and scientific innovations reached Jewish readers of various classes, spaces, and genders well beyond the narrow elite of rabbinically or university-trained Jews. The essay challenges the notion that there existed in early modern Europe a neat division of labor between Hebrew, the language of the learned elite, and Yiddish, the language of the Jewish masses. It also contributes to recent scholarship calling into question the prominence of the Jewish Enlightenment (the Haskalah) as a harbinger of Ashkenazi interest in non-Jewish knowledge in general, and science in particular. Mapping the hitherto overlooked interactions between Yiddish readers and writers and early modern scientific thought, this essay opens avenues into new research on the complex relationships between the interrelated corpora of early modern Jews and Christians, physicians and rabbis, scholars and laypeople.
The Technical Development and Expanding Scope of Melville's Marginalia Online
Authors: Norberg Peter , Olsen-Smith Steven
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Melville's Marginalia Online was created by the authors in 2006 with the goal of making evidence of Melville's reading broadly available to scholarship. Carrying on the work of Merton M. Sealts, Jr., and Wilson Walker Cowen, MMO maintains the documentary record of books Melville is known to have owned or borrowed and digitally edits his marginalia for open access by web users. Cross-disciplinary collaborations at the project have produced new digital tools for accessing and studying Melville's marginalia. In addition to introducing readers to MMO and its features, this article provides an overview of marginalia study in Melville criticism and explains how enhanced methods of inquiry present significant opportunities to assess and extend the work of earlier criticism on Melville. As its scope expands into areas of natural language processing and source study and as its technology is developed still further, MMO will provide scholars, students, and enthusiasts with the ability to identify the impact of Melville's reading on his own literary productions with new degrees of accuracy. Data informed scholarship, we believe, will build on the best Melville criticism of the past century and move Melville studies toward comprehensive and informed knowledge of his thought and writing.
Descolonizar el mapa: Una lectura de la novela El juramento de gurugú (2017) de Juan Tomás Ávila Laurel
Authors: Borst Julia
Published: August 2023

Resumen: En este artículo se analiza la novela El juramento de Gurugú ('The Gurugu Pledge') del autor guineoecuatoriano Juan Tomás Ávila Laurel. Esta novela aborda la historia de una comunidad de migrantes irregulares de África que han buscado refugio en el monte Gurugú en Marruecos esperando el momento para saltar la valla de Melilla y pasar a territorio europeo. Según nuestra lectura —que se basa en una crítica poscolonial de la cartografía como práctica colonial e imperial con el objetivo de organizar, jerarquizar y conquistar el mundo— la novela descoloniza el mapa del continente africano. No solo re-cartografía sino que des-cartografía el espacio narrativo: resiste a la estructuración espacial implementada por el colonialismo al dejar imprecisos los orígenes, las afiliaciones geográficas y las rutas migratorias. Al mismo tiempo, plantea nuevos indicadores de pertenencia que radican en experiencias compartidas de colonialidad y redes de solidaridad más allá de lo político. Por consiguiente, la disolución e imprecisión topográfica se convierten en una resistencia simbólica contra la obsesión colonial de clasificar y medir el mundo y aboga por un futuro africano autodeterminado y aún por idear.
Estrategias narrativas de medición y de distanciamiento ético en la tetralogía El mar de Pío Baroja
Authors: Millán Arana Guillermo
Published: August 2023

Resumen: Teniendo en cuenta la mínima resonancia de la trata de esclavos en la literatura española de los siglos diecinueve y veinte, tres de las novelas de la tetralogía El mar de Pío Baroja destacan como importantes aportaciones a esta temática. En las novelas, narradas por antiguos marinos vascos, se entremezcla el cálculo mercantilista de pérdidas y ganancias, tanto pecuniarias como humanas, con diversas estrategias de distanciamiento ético de su propia participación en la trata de esclavos. En esta compleja dinámica se ponen de manifiesto las diversas asunciones sobre nación, economía y raza que subyace a este problemático periódico histórico.
Non-invasive in vivo imaging of human corneal microstructures with optical coherence microscopy
Authors: Pattan Hadiya F. , Liu Xiao , Tankam Patrice
Published: August 2023

Non-invasive imaging systems with cellular-level resolution offer the opportunity to identify biomarkers of the early stage of corneal diseases, enabling early intervention, monitoring of disease progression, and evaluating treatment efficacy. In this study, a non-contact polarization-dependent optical coherence microscope (POCM) was developed to enable non-invasive in vivo imaging of human corneal microstructures. The system integrated quarter-wave plates into the sample and reference arms of the interferometer to enable deeper penetration of light in tissues as well as mitigate the strong specular reflection from the corneal surface. A common-path approach was adopted to enable control over the polarization in a free space configuration, thus alleviating the need for a broadband polarization-maintained fiber. The POCM achieved volumetric imaging of corneal microstructures, including endothelial cells over a field of view 0.5 × 0.5 mm2 with an almost isotropic resolution of ∼2.2 µm and a volume (500 × 500 × 2048 voxels) rate of 1 Hz. A self-interference approach between the corneal surface and underlying layers was also developed to lessen the corneal curvature and axial motion artifacts, thus enabling high-resolution imaging of microstructures in the anterior cornea, including squamous epithelial cells, wing epithelial cells, basal epithelial cells, sub-basal nerve plexus, and stromal keratocytes.