bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Cu, Zn and Cd Pollution in Beijing, China
Authors: Yang Li Yun , Wu Song Tao
Published: October 2011

The soil heavy metal pollution have be paid more attention because the sources of soil heavy metals become multiple and complicated with the accelerated urbanization. According to this research, the order of spatial distribution of soil heavy metal Cu, Zn and Cd pollution in Beijing shows that: the center district > suburb > outer suburb. The soil pollution by Zn is more serious in Beijing and the grade of the soil Zn pollution has reached highest in the central district. By comparison, the soil pollution by Cu and Cd is slight, the soil in central district, Chaoyang, Changping and Miyun has caught light Cu pollution, and only in center district, Chaoyang and Fengtai has caught light Cd pollution.
Performance Evaluation on Credit Rating System of Corporate Environmental Behavior in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Sun Shi Yu , Kong Wan Dong , Luo Rong Qiang
Published: October 2011

This study is focus on the performance Credit rating system of corporate environmental behavior in Hangzhou. By doing statistical summaries and comparison of rating results of corporate environmental behavior from 2007 to 2010, most firms covered in this rating system in Hangzhou were behaving good or ordinarily toward environment. Corporate covered in the rating system show ineffective performance on promoting their environmental behavior by analyzing their rating results during four years. Some correlation has been found when study the variation of rating results and the pollution issues happened in Hangzhou. A dynamic management of the rating results and environmental behavior label system are recommended for further study and development.
Temporal and Spatial Evaluation of Regional Ecosystem Service Value - A Case of Fengnan District in Tangshan City
Authors: Xu Di , Fu Mei Chen , Zhang Jian Jun , Tao Jin
Published: October 2011

The differences of the regional ecosystem service value (ESV) in time and space are an important symbol to reflect the health of the ecosystem. Based on the theory and method of ESV, take Fengnan district as an example, and the paper analyzes the change of ESV from 1998 to 2009, evaluates the temporal and spatial differences among the 15 towns, and compares the relationship between ESV change and economic development. The results are the ESV of Fengnan is in a declining trend during the period. According to the ESV variation of the towns, Fengnan district is divided into four zones: value-added area, low consumption area, middle consumption area, high consumption area. The economic development has a great negative impact to the ESV in Fengnan. In order to protect the coordinated development of economy and ecosystem, some proper measures should be carried out, such as transforming the economic development mode, using land resources intensively, protecting and restoring the ecological areas.
A Comparative Study of Various Turbulence Models for Simulating Pollutant Dispersion within an Isolated Street Canyon
Authors: Huang Yuan Dong , Peng Yue Jiao , Jiang Jian Wei , Zhou Zhong Hua , Gu Jing
Published: October 2011

CFD calculations are carried out using the standard, RNG and realizable κ-ε turbulence models to simulate the airflow and pollutant dispersion inside an isolated street canyon. The computed air velocity vector fields and pollutant concentration contours show that all the three studied κ-ε models produce a very similar clockwise vortex structure that carries the pollutants released from the line source on the street floor towards the leeward side of the canyon. The calculated non-dimensional pollutant concentration distributions on both the leeward and windward walls of the canyon are compared with the wind tunnel measured data. It is revealed that (1) on the windward wall of the canyon, the calculated pollutant concentrations using the standard, RNG and realizable κ-ε models are all in perfect agreement with the experimental observations, (2) the RNG and realizable κ-ε models provide almost the same results for pollutant concentration distributions on the leeward wall of the canyon, (3) the RNG and realizable κ-ε models overestimate greatly the pollutant concentration values on the leeward wall of the canyon, whereas the concentration distributions predicted by the standard κ-ε model on the leeward wall are in reasonable agreement with the wind tunnel data.
Vertical Distribution and Ecological Risk Evaluation of Heavy Metals in West-Branch-Way of Yalu River Estuary
Authors: Cheng Yan , Liu Yue , Zhang Chun Peng , Li Fu Xiang , Liu Jing Wei , Zhang Liang
Published: October 2011

After gathering Core YLJ-40, we studied the 210Pb radioactivity of sediments and evolution characteristics of As, Hg, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu in the heavy metals. The results shows that the heavy metals pollution in Yalu River estuary except Cu takes on ascend trend year after year; heavy metals distribution presents segmentation characteristics and most of heavy metals came from the pollutants of industry and agriculture, while Cu originates from the mining pollution. The evaluating results based on the different evaluation background value are not exactly the same. But it has been an indisputable fact that the heavy metals pollution is becoming more serious in Yalu River estuary.
Variation in Ecosystem Services Value in a Typical Mountain Town, Liaohe Watershed, China
Authors: Zhao Xiao Fan , Zhang Chao , Dai Li Min , Lian Dong Ben , Wang Ning , Yu Da Pao , Zhou Li , Zhou Wang Ming
Published: October 2011

This study investigated variation in ecosystem services value in response to land use change in Nanfen District of Benxi City, a typical mountain town in Liaohe watershed, China. We used two Landsat TM data sets (1995, 2006) to estimate changes in the size of seven land use categories, and we used the most recently published value equivalent to estimate changes in the values of ecosystem services. The total value of ecosystem services in Nanfen District was 1294.1 million Yuan in 1995 and 1293.49 million Yuan in 2006, with a decrease of 568.3 thousand Yuan mainly due to the declining areas of cropland, water body and wetland. We concluded that future local land use plan should give priority to the conservation of these ecosystems, in order to promote and maintain the balance of local ecosystem.
QSPR Study on n-Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient of PCDD/Fs by Three-Dimensional Holographic Vector of Atomic Interaction Field
Authors: Qiao Shu , Xie Kun , Fu Chuan , Pan Jie
Published: October 2011

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are a group of important persistent organic pollutants. Quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) modeling is a powerful approach for predicting the properties of environmental organic pollutants from their structure descriptors. In this study, a QSPR model is established for estimating n-octanol/water partition coefficient (log KOW) of PCDD/Fs. Three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field (3D-HoVAIF) is used to describe the chemical structures, SMR-PLS QSAR model has been created and good correlation coefficients and cross-validated correlation coefficient is obtained. Predictive capability of the models has also been demonstrated by leave-one-out cross-validation. Moreover, the estimated values have been presented for those PCDD/Fs which are lack of experimentally data by the optimum model.
Numerical Simulations of Biological Droplet Transport in an Indoor Environment
Authors: Li Xin Yu , Liu Bing , Li Si Ze , Liu Shu Sen
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the biological droplet transport and deposition in the turbulent airflow inside an indoor environment was studied using the Lagrangian computational method. Meanwhile, as to the mathematic simulation, the Monte Carlo modeling method was coupled into this simulation program to describe the bio-particle transport. Many influent factors such as indoor airflow velocity, the bio-aerosol generator velocity, particle diameter, and evaporation and death were considered synthetically in this paper. Serratia marcescens was used as tracer microorganism to simulate the droplet nuclei exhaled by patients, and the spatial distribution of its concentration was measured. Collected bacteria were quantified using standard cultivating assays. It showed the simulation results were comparable with the data of the experimental findings.
Study on the Pollution Characteristics of Pb and Zn in Atmospheric Particulate
Authors: Wang Xue Chuan , Zhang Sha , Zhou Liang
Published: October 2011

In the research, HNO3-HClO 4 method and Tessier method were chose to extract the total content and chemical form of Pb、Zn in the total suspended particles (TSP) in both heating period and non-heating period. The pollution characteristics of Pb、Zn in TSP of Xi’an was analysed by discussing their total content、chemical form and the distribution characteristics of bioavailability. The result indicated that in the heating period, total content of Pb in January was bigger then it in February and residual was the advantage state. Total content of Zn changed greatly and the highest level appeared in January and the advantage state was exchangeable. However, in the non-heating period, the highest level of Pb、Zn appeared in June and April respectively, and the lowest level appeared in April and May. In this period, the advantage state of Pb、Zn was bound to carbonates and its distribution characteristics of bioavailability was contrary to it in heating period.
Estimation of Solid Vapor Pressure of PCDD/Fs by Three-Dimensional Holographic Vector of Atomic Interaction Field
Authors: Xie Kun , Qiao Shu , Fu Chuan , Qi Jun Sheng
Published: October 2011

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are a group of important persistent organic pollutants. In the present study, three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field (3D-HoVAIF) is used to describe the chemical structures of PCDD/Fs. After variable screening by stepwise multiple regression (SMR) technique, the liner relationships between solid vapor pressure (logPS) of PCDD/Fs and 3D-HoVAIF descriptors by partial least square (PLS) regression.The result shows that the 3D-HoVAIF descriptors can be well used to express the quantitative structure-property relationships of PCDD/Fs. Predictive capability of the models has also been demonstrated by leave-one-out cross-validation. Moreover, the estimated values have been presented for those PCDD/Fs which are lack of experimentally data by the optimum model.
Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments from Aha Lake, China
Authors: Huang Xian Fei , Hu Ji Wei , Li Cun Xiong , Deng Jia Jun , Qin Fan Xin , Jiang Cui Hong
Published: October 2011

In the present work, contamination and potential ecological risk of six heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu and Zn) in sediments of Aha Lake, one of the five drinking water sources for Guiyang City, were assessed based on a method which is associated with toxic-response factors of contaminants. For comparison, the two sets of reference data representing the pre-industrial and the local baseline pollution levels were employed. When the pre-industrial levels were taken as references, the accumulating coefficients on average diminished in the order of Zn > As > Hg > Cd > Cu > Pb, and the potential ecological risk descended in the order of Hg > Cd > As > Cu > Zn > Pb. When the local baseline values worked as references, the accumulating coefficients on average diminished in the order of Cd > Zn > Hg > Cu > As > Pb, and the potential ecological risk descended in the order of Cd > Hg > As > Cu > Zn > Pb. It is evident that Cd and Hg are the critical elements in terms of potential ecological hazard in Aha Lake among these six heavy metals.
Construction of an Indicator System for Integrated Assessment of Environmental Quality of the Dianchi Basin
Authors: Li Ai Jun , Guo Yan Ying , He Feng , Yuan Rui Jia
Published: October 2011

There are few indicator systems available for monitoring and assessing the environmental quality of large-scale regions. We constructed an indicator system for integrated assessment of the environmental quality of the Dianchi Basin. First, the definition of regional environmental quality is determined by both the supply of materials and energy in the region and the extent to which the region is polluted. Second, the indicator categories used for assessment mainly comprise vegetation biomass and the concentrations of various pollutants. Third, owing to spatial heterogeneity of a region, evaluation of the regional environment first requires division into sub-regions, each of which should be relatively homogeneous with regard to physical conditions (e.g. marine and terrestrial) and appearance (e.g. vegetation cover). Finally, the mathematical models for assessing regional environmental quality can be built according to the relationships between the various indicators, the sub-regions and regional environmental quality. The indicator system built using this approach can reflect environmental changes over time and identifies reasons for environmental variation.
The Sedimentary Environment of Current Estuary and Abandoned Estuary at the Modern Yellow River Delta
Authors: Chen Xiao Ying , Liu Dai Hai , Lu Jing
Published: October 2011

Based upon statistics of sediment parameters and sediment moving modes from probability cumulative distribution curves, and combined with topography and hydrodynamics, the sedimentary environment at the intertidal flats of Qing 8 estuary (1996-now) and Diaokou estuary (1964-1976) at the Yellow River Delta was discussed in depth in present study. The results demonstrated that sediment grain size parameters can clearly reveal hydrodynamic condition of the sedimentary environment. Core C1 at current estuary was divided into four layers. The corresponding hydrodynamic conditions from top to bottom varied from strong to fluctuating between strong and weak, and finally to weak. Meanwhile, Core A1 at abandoned estuary can be divided into three layers and corresponding hydrodynamics from top to bottom changed from fairly strong to rather strong. Furthermore, the sedimentary facies of two cores were identified and they depended on water and sediment discharge from the Yellow River.
State Prediction of Algae Reproduction Based on Learning Algorithm of Fuzzy Nearest Neighbor Clustering
Authors: Zhang Ying
Published: October 2011

In order to forecast the occurrence of red tide in the ocean, it is necessary to observe the state of algae reproduction in seawater. A method was proposed for forecasting the state of algae reproduction indirectly by modeling to predict the concentration of chlorophyll-a. Data-driven learning algorithm of fuzzy nearest neighbor clustering was used for pretreatment of sampling data. State prediction model for concentration of chlorophyll-a in seawater was built based on the optimal fuzzy logic system. Considering the character of sampling data and the demand of decreasing the rank of the model, a kind of improved learning algorithm of fuzzy nearest neighbor clustering was designed, and it was used in the state prediction for concentration of chlorophyll-a. The experiment indicates that the improved method can effectively extract the character of sampling data, reduce the dimension of the data, and improve the convergence speed of algorithm learning. The improved fuzzy nearest neighbor clustering algorithm reduces the complexity of modeling for prediction, and this kind of model has fine performance of generalization. It can effectively predict the state of algae reproduction in seawater.
Determination of Chromium(VI) in Waste Water by Reversed Flow Injection Spectrophotometry
Authors: Su Ling , Xie Heng Shen
Published: October 2011

A method for determination of Chromium(VI) by reversed flow injection spectrophotometry based on the catalytic effects of chromium on the oxidation reaction of methylene blue by sodium periodate in sulfuric acid medium is established. Effects of concentration of reagents and other conditions have been optimized. Calibration graphs are linear for ranges of 0 to 1.0mgl−1. A detection limit of 0.007mgl−1 chromium is achieved. The proposed method is successfully applied to the analyses of industrial waste water and electroplating waste liquor, with relative standard deviation of less than 1.5% and the recoveries are 92.9％ to 97.5％for the determination of chromium.
QSPR Study on Aqueous Solubility of PCDD/Fs by Three-Dimensional Holographic Vector of Atomic Interaction Field
Authors: Xie Kun , Qiao Shu , Fu Chuan , Cheng Cong
Published: October 2011

A quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) model is established for estimating aqueous solubility (log SW) of PCDD/Fs. Three-dimensional holographic vector of atomic interaction field (3D-HoVAIF) is used to describe the chemical structures, the correlation between the 3D-HoVAIF descriptors of PCDD/Fs and aqueous solubility (log SW) was established by partial least square (PLS) regression. The predictive power of the model was validated by leave-one-out cross-validated analysis. Moreover, the estimated values have been presented for those PCDD/Fs which are lack of experimentally data by the optimum model.
Determination of the Odorous Compounds in the Source of Drinking Water by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Xu Na , Liu Jing , Liu Jian Guang , Wang Nan , Lu Feng
Published: October 2011

A simple, rapid, sensitive and high-efficiency method for determ-ination of odorous compounds such as 2-methylisobomeol (2-MIB) and trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalol (Geosmin) in the source of drinking water was developed by solid-phase microe- xtraction(SPME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). In this study, various of SPME conditions have been optimized in detail. The results show that DVB/CAR/ PDMS fiber was found to possess the best extraction efficiency for the odorous compounds in water. SPME was carried out by using 25mL samples, addition of 6 g NaCl, stirring at 1150 rpm and temperature at 80°C for 15 min to enrich the target analytes. After that, the fiber was desorbed at 250°C for 2min and determined by GC-MS. 2-MIB and GSM were separated within 15 min using a HP-5MS capillary column and detected in the selective ion monitoring mode. The optimized method has been proved with excellent linearity and precision. Using this method, the calibration curves of 2-MIB and GSM were linear in the range of 10-500 ng/L, and the correlation coefficients were both above 0.9984. The detection limits (S/N=3) of 2-MIB and GSM were 1.2 and 0.9 ng/L, respectively. The optimized SPME was proved to be a very practical method for determination of the trace odorous compounds in the source of drinking water and applied with satisfactory results.
A Novel MnOx Supported Palygorskite SCR Catalyst for Lower Temperature NO Removal from Flue Gases
Authors: Zhang Xian Long , Shi Bo Wen , Wu Xue Ping , Jiang Wei Ping , Yang Bao Jun , Zhang Cui Ping
Published: October 2011

Palygorskite supported manganese oxide catalysts (MnOx/PG) were prepared for lower temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by NH3. Catalyst’s SCR activity was estimated at varied temperatures. Catalyst’s properties were characterized by XRD, NH3 adsorption and TPD. Results showed that MnOx/PG catalyst was highly active for SCR at low-temperature. It was also found that NH3 was mainly adsorbed on palygorskite in two forms. Weakly adsorbed NH3, which was seldom inhibited by loading of MnOx, but was more favorable to SCR. Whereas strongly adsorbed NH3 was more likely to be inhibited by MnOx loading but was inessential for SCR.
Research on the Potential of Resource Saving and Emission Reducing in Anhui Province: Based on Environment Learning Curve
Authors: Li Qi
Published: October 2011

Based on the statistics data from 1990 to 2008 in Anhui province, this article selects four indexes which include energy consumption, SO2 discharge, water consumption and COD discharge per ten thousand yuan GDP, and establishes environment learning curves of energy consumption and air pollution, water consumption and pollution in Anhui province. According to these models, the potentials of resources saving and pollution reducing in different periods are calculated and analyzed, represented by the decrease of each index when the per capita GDP increase 1000 yuan. The result shows that: (1) With the growth of GDP per capital, each index falls by power exponential model which follows "environmental learning curve", illustrating that the burden of resource and environment was steady declining. (2) The potentials of saving energy resources and reducing pollution in Anhui province gradually descents from 1990 to 2008, illustrating that the reduction in marginal cost by the development of technology is becoming smaller and smaller, and the enhancement of resource using efficiency and pollution reducing efficiency is not unlimited.
Effects of Blending Ratio on the Physical-Chemical Properties of Biodiesel-Diesel Mixed Fuels
Authors: Wei Qiu Lan
Published: October 2011

Ten mixed fuels were prepared using soybean biodiesel and 0# diesel oil with different blend ratios (in vol %). The effects of the blending ratio on physical-chemical properties of biodiesel-diesel mixed fuels and engine power were investigated. The results shows that, with the increase of the blending ratio, a increase in gelatine, carbon residue, acidity and ash content is found and a decrease in sulfur content and mechanical impurities appears. Furthermore, no distinct affection of the blending ratio on engine power is found.
Investigation on the Synthesis of α-Terpinene and Maleic Anhydride Adduct Catalyzed by Heteropolyacid
Authors: Nie Yuan Mei , Chai Kun Gang , Shi Zhan Wan , Yao Xing Dong
Published: October 2011

α-pinene was isomerized in the presence of phosphomolybdic acid. One of the products, α-terpinene, can react with maleic anhydride to form α-terpinene and maleic anhydride adduct (TMA). The optimum conditions for the synthesis of TMA have been investigated. The yield of 83% can be attained with the heterogeneous catalyst phosphomolybdic acid on active carbon (PMA/C), and can maintain ~67% after the catalyst was used for 5 times.
Guided Wave Nondestructive Inspection of Grouted Rock Bolts: Experiment and Numerical Simulation
Authors: He Wen , Zhao Kui , Cheng Wang , Li Yi , Zhang Chang Suo , Wang Yi Xing
Published: October 2011

The properties of a longitudinal guided wave with central frequency 5kHz propagating in partially grouted rock bolts were studied by experimental and numerical simulation methods. The guided wave was excited by the impact–echo method on the free end of the bolt, and the excited wave measured in the experiments was used as excitation input in the numerical simulation. The numerical results match well with the experimental ones. Two empirical formulas were obtained for when the reflected waves from the upper interface and from the embedded end of the bolt could be distinguishably detected. Conclusion is drawn from the simulation results that the guided wave energy velocity in the embedded section of the bolt increases with the increase of elastic modulus of the grout media. A new method was proposed for anchorage quality testing and its effectiveness was proved by a testing example.
Recycling Inter-Feed Relationship between Wetlands’ Protective Using and Eco-Town Construction
Authors: Zuo Jin , Yan Qin
Published: October 2011

As the wetlands has decreased and degenerated badly due to human’s excessive use, it becomes to be a hotspot in international academe’s forefield to resume and rebuild wetlands. Simply opposing protection to using can effectively ease up the stress of wetland’s degradation in a short term, but is disadvantageous to wetland’s sustainable development. This article takes Tianjin Qilihai wetland as example, aiming at its existing problems, sums up two kinds of infection genes – exterior representation and interior motivation, and intensively analyzes the sticking point from three aspects – economic, acknowledgement and mechanism. It suggests that basing on the idea of accretion and co-prosperity, we can divide wetland area into three zone – core zone, buffer zone and experimental zone, and then let the interior dispersive inhabitants and production activities move out to the intensively constructed eco-town. Thus we can make scientific use of wetland’s economical value and promote circumjacent industries’ transformation. Moreover, by the recycling use of water on a model of source separation combined with wetland classification, the quantity of regenerated water would reach 18.25 million cubic meters. By the Low Impact Development (LID) strategies in the control and use of rainfall and flood, the quantity of rainwater for use would reach 8.62 million cubic meters per year. In this way, the wetlands’ ecological conservation would obtain regurgitation-feeding, the construction of eco-town would be organically combined with protection and using of wetlands, and an effective system of wetlands’ sustainable development and using would be established.
Transportation Accessibility Analysis Based on an Online Integrated Geo-Visualization System
Authors: Zhu Jia Song , Zheng Hao
Published: October 2011

Accessibility is a more effective criterion than mobility in determining the sustainability of transportation systems. However, accessibility is a quantitative and place-varying term that is often difficult for transportation planners to evaluate their schemes based on which. Transportation accessibility visualization can help reveal the complicated spatio-temporal and socio-economic patterns of the studied residents and areas. Currently, the Geographic Information Systems being used to produce accessibility results often fail to provide necessary flexibility for exploratory transportation accessibility analysis. In addition, the coarse-level and disaggregate accessibility mapping may produce negative impacts for users. In this study, an online integrated geo-visualization system is developed through combining various technologies to support transportation accessibility analysis. Case study is conducted and the results demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the prototype system.
The Urban Planning Principles of Low Impact Urban Development
Authors: Dong Yu , Dong Wei
Published: October 2011

China’s natural resources and urban development face serious challenges, energy and environmental issues become increasingly prominent, forced us to reflect on the current model of urban development, exploring the new model of, taking the road of sustainable development. Low impact urban development can reduce the impact on the natural environment, maintain the natural ecological cycle of the city, and make the urban development in harmony with the natural environment. This article pointed out that we should apply the low impact development concepts into urban planning, discussed the urban planning principles and characteristics based on the concept of low impact urban development, made urban development established on the basis of the integration of natural environment, geography and climate, provided new opportunities for urban development.
An Implementing Method of Updating the Coal Mining Area’s DEM by Mining Subsidenc Forecast Data
Authors: Wang Jing Wei , Sun Ying Jun , Guo Qiu Ying
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the implementing method of updating the coal mining area’s DEM by mining subsidence forecast data is introduced. The data file of mining area’s elevation points can be generated by extracting from the digital topographic map of coal mining area, and after the interpolation and encryption of extracting mining area’s elevation points, the data file of the mining area’s collapse can be obtained by subtracting the values of the subsidence forecast from the elevation values of the mining area’s elevation pionts. According to the data file of the mining area’s collapse, DEM of the mining area’s collapse can be generated, and the corresponding contour map can be also generated. This has important significance for the environmental management and disaster prevention engineering design of coal mining area.
Optimization and Tests on the Independent Advance of Ore Breaking with High Sublevel and Large Drift Interval
Authors: Guo Qi Feng , Ren Fen Hua
Published: October 2011

According to the mining conditions and equipment level of Xingshan iron mine, optimization research on the stope structural parameters of sublevel caving was made, and finally adopted the structure parameters with 15m sublevel height and 20m drift interval. In order to find out the rational independent advance of ore breaking under 15m×20m structural parameters, theoretical arithmetic and industrial tests were carried out. The tests show that the rational independent advance of ore breaking drift interval should be 3.4m, and the optimized structural parameters of 15m×20m×3.4m has excellent effects on reducing mining cost and improving mining recovery rate.
Application of Emergy Theory in Industrial Ecosystem Analysis
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Yan Li , Zhou Mei Hua
Published: October 2011

Emergy analysis provides a new way of thinking about the uniform evaluation of natural resource, human society and economy, and leads to some new analysis methods for industrial ecology system. Some existing related theories are summarized and analyzed. On the basis of them, this paper proposes some methods where emergy theory can be applied to analysis of industrial ecology system.
Analysis of the Cell Surface Hydrophobicity of Yoghurt Fermentation Bacteria
Authors: Lv Jia Li , Zhao Wei Jun
Published: October 2011

The cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of lactic acid bacteria was considered to colonization and adhesion, and playing a prebiotic function in the digestive tract. Therefore, CSH of yoghurt fermentation bacteria most commonly used was analyzed, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus to identify initially CSH and the influencing factors of CSH of these strains and provided a theoretical basis for the future production of high-quality dairy fermentation agents and probiotics. The method of bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH) was utilized to determine CSH of these strains and used the different conditions to process the cell. Through this research, the results was that L. acidophilus had a strong CSH, greater than L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus. And the influencing factors of CSH of L. acidophilus were time, temperature, pH, concentration, Ca2+ and protease. But CSH was significantly reduced by trypsin and pepsin. CSH L. acidophilus was connected with the adhesion ability. In addition, it was speculated that some substances which could mediate CSH of L. acidophilus may be a class of proteins. Therefore, in the process of dairy fermentation agent, these factors could be controlled to obtain high-quality products.
Analyses of Actual Measurement and Numerical Simulation on Gently Inclined Thin Seam
Authors: Tang Jian Xin , Sun Le Le , Deng Yue Hua , Jin Hua Hui
Published: October 2011

Based on the numerical simulation method and actual measurement analyses, characteristics of working face mineral pressure of the River Mouth Mine has been analyzed and this paper has obtained the following results: First weighting step of the main roof is 23.2 m, the average dynamic pressure coefficient is 1.54~1.74, mine strata behaviors is fiercer; hydraulic prop’s average working resistance is 45.72 KN of each, which indicates hydraulic prop’s working resistance has larger surplus coefficient, some measures should be taken to increase utilization ratio; advanced support length of return airway and mechanical roadway should reach to 30 m, the method and results can be used to improve support pattern of working face and guide safety production.
Research on the Problems and Measures in the Exploitation and Utilization of New Energy
Authors: Zheng Zong Qiang , Cao Rong Zhang , Zheng Ya Xian
Published: October 2011

With the arrival of an era of low-carbon economy, the planning and development of energy industry comes into global limelight. And the development of China’s energy industry faces both opportunities and challenges. This paper gives an introduction of some countries’ energy development, and studies some of their advanced measures and ideas. The paper then states the current status in China’s energy industry development, analyses the existing problems, and brings forward opinions on fueling the development of China’s energy industry, thus promoting the adjustment of energy structure and industrial structure towards low-carbon economy in order to enhance international competitiveness.
Research on the Circular Economy Mode of Modern Coal Mine - Case Study on the Development of Xishan Coal Mine Areas
Authors: Zhang Yi , Song Hua Ling , Li Chun Lei , Wang Chuan Peng
Published: October 2011

For studying the circular mechanism and the operating mode of modern mine, this paper reviewed the current development situations of circular economy modes and some typical circular economy parks in coal mining industry at home and abroad. With the Xishan coal mine areas as the investigated objective, which operated by Xishan Coal-electricity Group in Shanxi Province of China, the characterized circular economy mode is put forwarded and concluded as “33386” development mode. Furthermore, the structure and industrial chains of Xishan circular economy system are researched in whole and interpreted in part. This is a successful attempt on the coal mining industry with a new development mode and a complete circulation of resourses in practice.
Preparation System Design of Filling Material with Coal Gangue as Coarse Aggregate
Authors: Sun You Xia , Ren Da Wei
Published: October 2011

Based on green mining idea, this paper developed a kind of filling material with coal gangue as coarse aggregate and designed underground-preparation system with the main processes being breaking, mixing and pumping. As a result of the research, the coal gangue pollution and surface subsidence problem was effectively solved and the load of lift transportation system reduced and the cost of filling technology cut down, which meet the concept of green mining. The industrial experiment verified the safety and stability of the system which can improve enterprises economic benefits and social environmental benefits.
International Technology Diffusion and Economic Growth — A Theoretical Analysis on Market Structure
Authors: Sui Hong Guang , Liu Ting Hua
Published: October 2011

This paper analyzes equilibrium with perfect international technology diffusion. The authors argue that if there are no large countries, economic growth rate in the world will converge with perfect international technology diffusion; otherwise, economic growth rate in the world will converge to the large countries’. Moreover, we considered the effect of market structure on the diffusion. Market structure can influence the long-term equilibrium growth rate by influencing international technology diffusion. The best point of market structure that is beneficial to diffusion can be derived in the interval, where the competition factors and monopoly factors are relatively balanced; in the left side of the best point, it will promote technology diffusion, and in the right side, it will impede technology diffusion.
Influence of the Disturbance in the Orthogonal Direction on the Kaiser Effect Using Discrete Element Method
Authors: Wang Hai Jun , Ren Xu Hua , Tao Ran Ran
Published: October 2011

When a rock sample is subjected to cyclic loadings, acoustic emission (AE) events increase sharply when the peak stress value applied previously is attained. This phenomenon is called Kaiser effect (KE). One important application of the KE is to determine the in situ stress, the knowledge of which is critical for the design work for underground engineering. Compared to the traditional methods, the acoustic emission (AE) method based on KE is done in the laboratory with special loadings on the rock cores and thus very economical. However, one fundamental question needs to be answered is the influence of the damage introduced by many factors during the period of the coring and samples preparation and so on. In this paper, we explore the influence by a series of loadings on samples in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the previous peak stress. Cyclic uniaxial compressions on the rectangular specimen and cyclic Brazilian tests were carried out based on the contact model in the particle flow code. The results demonstrate that, the disturbance in the orthogonal direction cannot influence Kaiser effect of the rock sample.
Study on the Speices Biodiversity of Plantation Communities in Primary Korean Pine Forest
Authors: Zhou Li , Tang Qing Ming , Wang Zhi Ying , Sun Ting Ting
Published: October 2011

Species diversity was refers to the rich and colorful differences between biological communities in composition, structure, function and dynamic. In this paper, the 64 pieces of plant community samples as the foundation, From the different types and levels of richness and evenness and species diversity index of Liangshui Nature Reserve, three original Korean pine forest types: korean spruce-korean pine forest (HY); oak-korean pine forest (HZ); linden-korean pine forest (HD), two adjacent artiﬁcial forest types: birch pure forest (BH); larch pure forest (LY) studied, conclusions were as follows: vegetation community structure features survey were conducted to identificate 39 species of vasculat plant through analying community species composition which belonging to 32 genera of 22 families. The community species structure was analyed to find that Korean spruce–korean pine community and larch pure community were stable structure; oak-korean pine community was ageing structure. linden-korean pine community and birch pure community were growing structure. The Korean pine forest species richness and evenness no significant difference with artiﬁcial forests, species diversity indexes were significantly higher compared with the artiﬁcial forests, plant communities less be disturbed, community stability higher than artiﬁcial forests.
On Generation of the Specification Model for Concentricity Based on Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Liu Hui Fen , Huang Mei Fa , Chen Lei Lei , Shi Bo
Published: October 2011

Feature specifications are important composite parts in the new generation of geometrical product specifications and verification (GPS). According to the theories of specification model of shaft parts, this paper presents a method to generation of specification model of concentricity. Firstly, the mathematical model of concentricity is established in terms of nominal geometrical features of product for the parts the functional requirement are satisfied. Secondly, the simulation points of the model are generated by using the methods of axial stratification and circumferential multi-angles. The concentricity specification model could be generated after these operations of association and collection. Finally, an example is applied to illustrate the new method. The experiment results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Economical and Environmental Advantages of Growing Jatropha Curcas on Marginal Land
Authors: Tseng Yen Kuei
Published: October 2011

Biomass energy is a renewable clean energy, which may transfer the perennial biomass into energy, in additions, the plants will absorb the carbon dioxide in the air to reduce the speed of global warming. In this research, the biomass plant -Jatropha curcas will be cultivated on the poor gravel soil and drought land at Taitung in Taiwan, except the economic benefits, the advantages for the surrounding environment also will be discussed. In economical terms, this study comparing the benefits between glowing Jatropha curcas and the aboriginal people’s traditional crops including corn and millet. The results show that glowing Jatropha curcas harvest in its fourth year is same with planting corn but 25% better than planting millet, and will uprise year after year. As for the advantages for the surrounding environment, glowing Jatropha curcas obscured much more sunlight than other plants, the ground surface cooling effect is more obvious, in gravel soil, it can be reduced 60% ,while in drought land is 25%. For function of soil conservation, the depth and the land coverage area of the plant’s root will be measured for estimation. From the results, one can find that planting Jatropha curcas will be better than planting corn or millet, and the performance will enhancing year after year by lasting for 35~50 years, it means that, Jatropha curcas was definitely a good choice for planting on gravel soil or drought land no matter for economical, environmental or land preservative’s sake.
Inter-Regional Power-Generation Economic Exchange Analysis Model under Environmental Constraints
Authors: Shen Yang Shuo , Tan Zhong Fu , Zhao Yin Hui , Hu Qing Hui , Zhang Chen
Published: October 2011

The rapid development of national economy has brought serious environmental pollution problems. The issue of emission reduction has become one of the most important missions in China. As one of the largest sources of energy consumption and pollution emission, the power generation industry plays an important role in the problem of emission reduction. According to Chinese actual conditions, this study takes into account the inter-regional difference between the tasks of environmental emission reduction and the corresponding costs due to various factors, and proposes an inter-regional power-generation economic exchange analysis model under environmental constraints. The model integrates the environmental constraints, as well as the transmission costs and transmission lines constraints, and provides the results of optimal exchange combinations. The analysis of an example indicates that the inter-regional economic power exchange can maximize inter-regional advantages and minimize the costs of economic dispatch, which requires a sound transmission system and transmission pricing system.
Sustainable Development Study of Resource-Based City from the Perspective of Circular Economy
Authors: Lu Yu Duo , Yu Jiao
Published: October 2011

Resource-based city has many characteristics of urban sustainable development, but because of resource's gradual depletion, population explosion and the depravation of natural ecological environment, it is more special in the road of sustainable development. The sustainable development of resource-based city has more urgency, complexity and difficulty, so traditional linear model of economic development has been unable to realize its sustainable development. Building on circular economy characterized by closing material cycle, to achieve the harmony of human and nature, the economic development and environment protection win-win strategy goal is an inevitable trend.
Research on the Abrasion Resistance of Acetabulum Thickness Effects
Authors: Zhu Bao Quan , Zhai Wen Jie
Published: October 2011

The wear-resisting function of the 4-10mm thickness Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene artificially acetabulum was researched, which matches up with the 28mm-diameter artificial thigh bone. The Elastic deformation theory and the finite-element analysis to get the regularity of distribution on contract stress were compared, calculate the stress integral to friction journey during the normal gait, and according with the Archard wear calculation formula, compare the reckoning of artificially acetabulum in different thickness. By this calculation, the regularity of distribution for contact stress, which got from elastic deformation theory, is close to the result got from finite-element analysis. For a 65 kg sufferer matched with a 28mm-diameter artificial thigh bone, the wear-resisting of a 6-8mm artificially acetabulum is better, when the inner spherical radius is a little bigger than artificially acetabulum. Also, except the high –usage of stuff, it can prove the best balance performance and provide theoretical foundation to the optimum design of artificial acetabulum.
Research Progress and Prospect of the Control Technology for Mining Subsidence
Authors: Ren Cheng Hui , Liu Wen Sheng , Wang Huan
Published: October 2011

The control technology for mining subsidence is the main research area of mining subsidence. Its objective is to study and select mining methods appropriate for reducing the surface and overlying strata subsidence and protecting the surface structures. Referring to the analysis of references, the control technology for mining subsidence is discussed from several aspects including backfill mining method, partial mining method, backfill the collapsed cavities in overlying strata, harmonized mining method and 3-step mining method, stripping mining-goaf grouting, and backfill-strip pillar mining. The developing trend of the control technology is also prospected.
Nondestructive Detection of Soluble Solids Content of Nanfeng Mandarin Orange Using VIS-NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Lu , Xue Long , Liu Mu Hua , Li Jing
Published: October 2011

This study demonstrated how VIS-NIR spectroscopy can be used in the quantitative, noninvasive probing of soluble solids content (SSC) of mandarin orange. Total 197 mandarin oranges were divided into calibration set (133 samples) and prediction set (64 samples). Multiple scatter correction (MSC) was used to preprocess the collected visible and near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectra (350-1800nm) of mandarin orange. Partial least square (PLS), interval partial least square (IPLS) and synergy interval partial least square (SIPLS) methods were applied for constructing predictive models of SSC. Experimental results showed that the optimal SIPLS model obtained with 10 PLS components and the optimal combinations of intervals were number 5,7,8,9. The correlation coefficient (r) between the predicted and actual SSC was 0.9265 and 0.8577 for calibration and prediction set, respectively. The root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and prediction (RMSEP) set was 0.4890 and 0.7113, respectively. In conclusion, the combination of Vis-NIR spectroscopy and SIPLS methods can be used to provide a technique of noninvasive, convenient and rapid analysis for SSC in fruit.
Research on Influential Factors and Trends of the Enterprise to Reduce Emissions in Nanjing City Using Gray Methods
Authors: Wang Geng
Published: October 2011

In order to answer following two questions, One is the influence factors and the influence degree of Nanjing enterprise emission reduction，Another is in the future five years Nanjing City enterprise COD and SO2 emissions trend prediction. This paper begins with a qualitative analysis of factors affecting enterprise emission reduction in Nanjing City, resulting in the classification of these factors according to their importance and significance by using the Grey Correlation Analysis method; Based on the fact that enterprise emission reduction in Nanjing system is gray, this paper established the Grey forecasting model GM (1, 1), 2011 ~ 2015 Nanjing enterprise COD and SO2 emissions was forecast. This paper studies showed that Nanjing emission reduction is the basic health; As long as continue to strengthen the work of emission reduction, in the next five years, Nanjing enterprise COD and SO2's total emissions will continue to decline.
Agricultural Products Logistics Operational Pattern Based on Information Center
Authors: Qu Jian Hua , Yao Xin Sheng , Ying Ji Lai
Published: October 2011

Analyzing the typical management pattern of agricultural produce logistics, this paper discovered that the dominant of the pattern and got more profit because of the information fully. In view of this status quo, the agricultural products logistics management pattern based on information center was built. The advantages of the pattern were explained. The pattern was demonstrated by the orange logistics management pattern based on information share,the result showed that the pattern is effective and practicable.