bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profiles of Compounds in Stover of Rice, Cymbopogon, Desmodium, Mucuna and Maize
Authors: Kaiira M. G. , Chemining’wa G. N. , Ayuke F. , Baguma Y.
Published: August 2021

Crop residues and mulches release phytotoxic substances into the soil that affect plant growth. An experiment was conducted at the Uganda National Crop Resources Research Institute, Namulonge during 2016, to identify compounds in the stover of potted Cymbopogon nardus, Desmodium uncinatum, Oryza sativa, (NERICA 1), Mucuna pruriens and Zea mays (LONGE 6H) at fourty five days after germination. This marked near the average stationary phase for test crops’ growth when secondary metabolites are maximum. Organic compounds in the stover were extracted using solid phase micro-extraction. Samples were subjected to analysis using a 7890A Gas Chromatography system. Data files were transferred into a distinct folder and data was uploaded onto XCMS online platform for pair wise comparison and other related statistical analysis in the National institute of Science and Technology library. Ten terpenoids and one ester were identified in cymbopogon stover. Desmodium stover released six terpenoids and three phenols. Rice stover produced six terpenoids, three phenolic compounds and one ester. Mucuna stover released two terpenoids and four phenols. The maize stover produced five terpenoids and four phenolic compounds. Profiled compounds from cymbopogon, desmodium, rice, mucuna and maize could be responsible for the reported negative allelopathic effects such as auto-toxicity and suppression of companion crops expressed in agricultural ecosystems. Allelopathic activity of the profiled compounds should be confirmed through bioassays extracts and residues studies. The development and incorporation of the profiled metabolites into agricultural management system may lead to the production of bio-herbicides that reduce environmental degradation and increase crop productivity.
Production Potential of Allelopathic Rice, Cymbopogon, Desmodium, Mucuna and Maize
Authors: Kaiira M. G. , Chemining’wa G. N. , Ayuke F. , Baguma Y. , Atwijukire E.
Published: August 2021

Allelochemicals regulate the productivity of crop ecosystems. A screen house experiment was conducted (2016) at the National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Uganda to determine the effects of NERICA 1 rice (an interspecific hybrid between Oryza sativa and O. glaberrima species), Cymbopogon nardus (C), Desmodium uncinatum (D), Mucuna pruriens (Mc) and LONGE 6H, Zea mays (Mz) on crop relative growth rates (RGR), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) nutrient levels. One field study was conducted on a farm (2017) to establish the allelopathic interactive effects of RCDMcMz on Striga hermonthica (a parasitic weed), crop competition and productivity. Data was collected on striga, RMz growth, nutrient levels and yield. Potted rice reduced (30%-47%) in root length but Mz leaf length increased (31% & 15%) with Mc & D. RMc reduced (73%) striga and increased rice RGR (14-42 days). RD similarly reduced (67%) striga. RC increased (96%, 44% & 73%) rice NPK uptake, RGR (14-42 days), reduced (57%) striga and increased (1.56) the combined land equivalent ratio (CLER) and rice grain yields. RMz reduced (16%, 38% & 38%) rice NPK reserves, RGR (14-42 days), CLER (1.0), grain yields and increased (36%) striga. RD recorded higher CLER (1.56). MzMc reduced (15% & 27%) maize P uptake and NP uptake increased (42% & 9.3%) under MzC & MzD (73% & 29%). RMc increased rice RGR (14-42 days). Maize RGR (14-28 days) increased under MzD, MzMc & MzC and reduced (28-42 days) under MzD, RC & MzMc.. The ecosystems’ productivity was attributed to allelopathy.
Rhamnolipids: The Next Generation Multifunctional Biomolecules for Applications Against Μeloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants
Authors: Thomidis Thomas , Prodromou Ioanna , Farmakis Argyrios
Published: August 2021

Plant parasitic nematodes are a global threat to tomato production due to severe damages they cause to roots. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rhamnolipids to control the nematode Meloidogyne incognitain tomato plants. It was applied as soil drench in soil naturally infested with the nematodes. The results showed that the number of small size galls was statistically less in the plants treated with fluopyram than untreated control or rhamnolipids. Plants treated with rhamnolipids had significantly less number of small size galls than untreated control. The number of medium size galls was significant less in plants treated with fluopyram than untreated control. Plants treated with rhamnolipids did not show any difference in the number of medium size galls than untreated control or fluopyram. No significant difference was found among all treatments in the number of big size galls although the plants treated with rhamnolipids or fluopyram had the tendency to show less number. Generally, this study demonstrated the potential of rhamnolipids (biological) to control M. incognita in tomato cultivars.
Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België vs Vlaamse Regering
Authors: de Blois Matthijs
Published: August 2021

Central Israelite Consistory of Belgium vs Government of Flanders

The Court of Justice has ruled that the Flemish complete prohibition of the unstunned slaughter of animals according to religious laws is not contrary to EU law, notwithstanding the exception in Regulation1099/2009 and Article 10 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (religious freedom). The Court used the concept of the interpretation of human rights in the light of present day conditions, not to extend the scope of the freedom concerned, but to restrict the religious freedom of Jews and Muslims. Religious rules that have existed for millenniums may give way to very recent views on animal welfare. This contribution is a critical appraisal of the judgment.
Монгол Улсад уул уурхайн бүтээгдэхүүний бирж байгуулах шаардлага, боломж
Authors: Д Галсандорж
Published: August 2021

Монгол Улсын эдийн засаг өндөр хурдацтай өсч байгаа нь уул уурхайн салбарын өсөлттэй салшгүй холбоотой. Уул уурхайн салбарт өсөлт бий болж эерэг үр дүн гарч байгаа ч эрдсийн бүтээгдэхүүнийг олон улсын зах зээлийн үнээс хямд үнээр экспортлож байна. Үүний зэрэгцээ манай орны уул уурхайн худалдаа зохион байгуулалтгүй, төсвийн орлого бүрдэлт, эрдсийн бүтээгдэхүүний чанар, боловсруулалтын түвшин хангалтгүй байгаа нь олон улсын зах зээлд өрсөлдөх чадварыг сулруулж байгаа зэрэг сөрөг үзэгдэл байсаар байна.

 Монгол Улсын уул уурхайн салбарт тулгарч байгаа асуудлыг судалж олон улсын жишгээр уул уурхайн бүтээгдэхүүний биржийг Монгол Улсад байгуулах нь зүйтэй гэсэн саналыг дэвшүүлж байна. Уул уурхайн бүтээгдэхүүний биржийн талаар судлахдаа манай орны эрдсийн бүтээгдэхүүний нөөц, үйлдвэрлэл, хэрэглээ болон олон улсын металлын биржийн туршлага зэргийг харгалзаж үзсэн болно.

 

Requirements and Opportunities for Establishment of Mining exchange in Mongolia

 A rapid economic growth of Mongolia is inseparable linked to the development of mining industry. Although there is a positive result in the mining industry sector, mineral products are exported in low price compared to the world market one. Besides there is a negative factor that impacts on competitiveness of products in the world market budgeting due to the unorganized mining trading, and quality of mineral products is unsatisfactory. Establishment of Mining Exchange based on research of mining sector’s issues in Mongolia is required. The research on Mining Exchange of international exchange considered the experience of minerals reserve, manufacturing and consumption.
Орчин үеийн Төв Азийн мал аж ахуй: малын тухай ардын уламжлалт мэдлэг
Authors: М Хурметхан
Published: August 2021

Төв Азийн мал, мал аж ахуй, мал маллах арга технологи, ашиг шим болон орчин үеийн байдлыг тусган харуулсан.

 

English title: Modern Animal Husbandry in Central Asia and Traditional Nomadic Knowledge of Animals
“Монголор” хувьцаат нийгэмлэг түүний алт олборлолтын үйл ажиллагаа
Authors: Д Уламбаяр
Published: August 2021

XX зууны эхээр Хаант Орос, Хятад, Өрнөд Европын компаниуд Монголд худалдааны үйл ажиллагаа эрхэлж байсан төдийгүй ашигт малтмал, тухайлан алт олборлох чиглэлээр өргөн хүрээтэй уурхайн үйл ажиллагаа явуулах болжээ. 1900 онд Санкт-Петербургт байгуулагдсан «Түшээт хан, Цэцэн хан аймгийн Уурхайн хэрэг эрхлэх газар» буюу товчоор «Монголор» алт олборлох хувьцаат нийгэмлэгийн дүрмийн сан анх 2,8 сая мексик долларын хөрөнгөтэй байсан нь 1919 он болоход 10 сая 471 мянган мексик долларын өртөгтэй, 606 пүү буюу 11 тн илүү алттай болсон байна. Үүнээс зээл, хүү, бусад бүх зардлаа хасаад 5 дахин илүү ашиг олж авчээ. «Монголор» нийгэмлэг 4 жилд нэг тонноос дээш, үүний дотор 1910 онд 1974,4 кг алт олборлосон нь Монгол Улсын түүхэнд 1990 оны байдлаар олборлосон хамгийн их алт болж байна. Олборлосон алтны нилээд хэсэг нь Тяньжинээр Америкт, багагүй хэсэг нь Оросоор дамжин Берлин, Амстердам, Парист гарч байжээ. 1912 он гэхэд 1 сая 154 мянга 222 рублийн үнэ бүхий алт дээрх сувгаар гарчээ.

Богд гэгээний Засгийн газар байгуулагдсаны дараа 1912 оны 6 дугаар сарын 22-нд “Монголор”-той 22 зүйл бүхий гэрээ байгуулж, 1931 он хүртэл 19 жилийн хугацаатай концесс шинээр олгохдоо дурдсан хоёр аймгийг л хамруулжээ. Хөгжлөөр буурай байсан Монгол оронд олон улсын хүчирхэг капиталын хөрөнгө оруулсан алтны энэ нийгэмлэг онцгой эрхтэй байв. Тухайлбал, өөрийн цагдаа, шүүхтэй, утсан болон зам харилцаатай, гэрэл цахилгаантай, засварын газартай, тухайн үедээ орчин үеийн гэж хэлж болохуйц дэд бүтэцтэй, Америкт үйлдвэрлэсэн уурын болон усан тээрэмтэй, олон арван фордын машин техниктэй, хамгийн их нь 10 мянга гаруй ажилчидтай жижигхэн вант улс байжээ. «Монголор» нь Монголд төдийгүй Орост ч капиталист томоохон аж ахуйн нэгжид тооцогдож байв.

 

English title: Joint Stock Mongolor Co., and Its Gold Mining Operation
Зүүн Азийн хамтын ажиллагааны явц, Монгол Улсын бодлогын тухайд
Authors: С Дашцэвэл
Published: August 2021

Зүүн Азийн хамтын ажиллагааны эхлэл, өнөөгийн явц. Зүүн Азийн хамтын ажиллагаанд оролцох Монгол Улсын хүсэл эрмэлзлэл. Түүнд тохиолдож буй бэрхшээл. Түүнийг гэтлэн давах тухай эрэгцүүлэл.

 

Some Thoughts on the Participation in the East Asian Economic Cooperation

In the last years the regional integration process has been developed intensively in the East Asia with the influences of such factors as, the rapid growth of global economy and its competition, regional economic and political security in the globalization era. Mongolia is located in this region, and trying to participate in these regionalization processes. It is not possible for us to join East Asian structures, including ASEAN, ASEAN+3, ASEAN+6 and EAS yet, because our country is not a dialogue partner of ASEAN. Therefore, the dialogue partnership with ASEAN is the first vision for our country. In order to achieve it we will actively participate in the market of ASEAN countries and expand the economic cooperation. The step to expand the economic cooperation is the fast industrialization in our country. Our main strategy will be: 1/Formulate the government strategy for joining to ASEAN and East Asian integration and plan the program of action for implementing it from present days step by step. The basic content of this program should be the work to industrialize urgently and precisely (correctly) 2/ Study the possibility to participate in several informal dialogue canals (Canal II) of East Asian Cooperation with the purpose for observing the integration processes of East Asia and introduce our country policies and share the ideas; 3/Try to participate in some projects and cooperation implemented by ASEAN countries, initiatively using our advantages which have been jointed the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation.
Acute toxicity of Siltac EC to the honey bee (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Patrzałek Michał , Bojarski Bartosz , Antonkiewicz Jacek
Published: August 2021

Different types of pesticides are commonly used in modern agriculture. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are sensitive indicators of environmental contamination with these substances. Exposure of honey bees to pesticides can lead to changes in their behaviour and increase mortality, so it is important to develop formulations that provide alternatives to common (‘chemical’) pesticides. The preparation Siltac EC, that has recently been developed (patent no. WO 2016/061259), shows promise as an effective substitute. This preparation is based on a physical interaction with the pest. It does not contain chemicals classified as pesticides. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the toxicity of Siltac EC to adult honeybee workers. The experiments showed that both contact and oral acute toxicity were very low and the preparation can be initially considered safe for honey bees.
The concept of logistics facilities database in the EPLOS system
Authors: Wasiak Mariusz , Lewczuk Konrad , Kłodawski Michał , Jachimowski Roland
Published: August 2021

The paper presents results of research on the needs of TSL companies in the field of information on logistics facilities, analysis of existing databases containing such information as well as the concept of a structure of databases on logistics facilities in the EPLOS system. There were also made assumptions regarding the scope of information obtained from existing databases and requirements for them. The EPLOS system - European Portal of Logistics Services is a tool supporting the planning of logistics processes. It also supports the implementation of these processes by providing entities operating in the TSL market with current and verified data on operations in a given area of logistics companies, as well as the availability of point and linear logistics infrastructure. EPLOS system is created as part of a project financed on the initiative of EURE-KA.
Cardiac Cycle Puzzle: Development and Analysis of Students’ Perception of an Online Digital Version for Teaching Cardiac Physiology
Authors: Cardozo Lais Tono , Sarinho Victor Travassos , Montrezor Luís Henrique , Gutierrez Lucila Ludmila Paula , Granjeiro Érica Maria , Marcondes Fernanda Klein
Published: August 2021

Cardiac physiology is a basic subject in the curriculum of health Science undergraduate courses, which allow students to understand the functional mechanisms of cardiovascular organs as well as the physiopathology of cardiovascular diseases. The puzzle of cardiac cycle has been developed to help students to understand and integrate the concepts of morphology and physiology of normal and pathological states of the heart. Considering the good acceptance of the printed puzzle by students and professors, its online version has been developed as a digital educational tool. The aims of this work were to describe the development of the online digital version of this educational game and to evaluate the students’ perception of the utility of the digital game for their learning. The digital version was developed using the figures and answers of the original printed cardiac cycle puzzle, including stages 1 and 2, in three languages: Portuguese, English and Spanish. The digital version was tested by professors of Physiology from different university institutions for validation. The final version of game was used in remote teaching in three courses in the health area, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The opinion of students about the usefulness of the game activity for their learning was analyzed by using a survey. In the opinion of participants in this study, the activity with the online digital version of the cardiac cycle puzzle was useful for their learning.
Towards Ethics in Information Systems
Authors: Santoro Flávia Maria , Costa Rosa Maria E. Moreira da
Published: August 2021

Information Systems (IS) plays an essential role in shaping almost all sectors of society, such as, commerce, politics, services, entertainment, information, relationships, among others. Digital technologies have enabled a new dimension of products, transmission, storage, and access to information. The outcome of this whole transformation process is intended to provide improvement and facilitating the lives and practices of individuals in society. However, we have also to face its negative impacts. We argue that situations involving both the design and the adoption or use of IS should be analyzed from the point of view of Ethics through a well-defined process that might help the professional and/or the citizen in making decisions in sensitive contexts when conceptual conflicts show up. To justify the definition of this process, we discuss the significance of the new technologies based on Andrew Feenberg's Philosophy of Technology. Grounded on this theory, we highlight the benefits and problems of the new technologies in the contemporary world. Finally, we present the process proposal and analyze the results of its application in the context of two well-known real cases and discuss the results in light of the theoretical foundation.
People Analytics
Authors: Blum Benjamin
Published: August 2021

Modern human resources management ("people analytics") requires the use of complex algorithms and the evaluation of a vast amount of data. In this context, companies easily get into conflict with the applicable data protection regulations. The author presents the relevant provisions on data, industrial constitution and telecommunications law and uses practical case studies to show which pitfalls must be considered. In this context, he designs legally compliant solutions for the use of automated decisions, Big Data and IoT in companies. A sample works agreement on possible use scenarios is also drafted for the target group of lawyers, works councils and companies.
The Audiovisual Design and Aesthetics of the Films of Theo Angelopoulos
Authors: Valkola Jarmo ,   Society for Phenomenology and Media
Published: August 2021

In the following article, the author examines the audiovisual design of Theo Angelopoulos’ filmmaking practice. The emphasis is on the close analysis of sequences and larger entities. The approach creates a heightened sensitivity to matters of analysis that cover similarities and differences, as well as causal and empirical reflections. The aim is to create a web of associations for these perspectives and perceive a wider approach for Angelopoulos’ films. The meaningful appropriation of various theoretical points of views requires sufficient correspondence and dialogical proneness to an understanding of the conceptual, formal and aesthetic legitimacy of his films. The approach consists of understanding Angelopoulos’ audiovisual design as a central force in the cinematic table of arrangements, and the aesthetics in the process of structuring expression.
Oral histories of displaced Serbs from Kosovo and Metohija: Influence of forced migrations on the concept of home
Authors: Petković Nevena
Published: August 2021

Displacement of Serbs from Kosovo and Metohija at the end of the nineties was influenced by the armed conflict between paramilitary forces of Kosovo Liberation Army on one side, and Serbian police forces and military forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on the other. This conflict was the root cause of NATO aggression against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia that led to the forced migration of more than 200.000 Serbs and non-Albanians from Kosovo and Metohija. This article entails analysis of the oral histories of displaced Serbs from Kosovo and Metohija, as well as of secondary sources that form part of family folklore of their loss. These secondary sources are the personal stories of members of displaced families who do not have direct memories of displacement from and life in Kosovo and Metohija, or who left Kosovo and Metohija in the early stages of their lives. Analyses of these primary and secondary sources have led to identification of structural factors that have influenced the construction of home as a category which has been shaped by symbolical maps created by displacement. It has been shown that displacement constructs place identities which are tied to forcefully abandoned places.
alumnado universitario ante la comisión de plagio por parte de sus compañeros/as
Authors: Mosteiro García María Josefa , Espiñeira Bellón Eva María , Porto Castro Ana María , Muñoz Cantero Jesús Miguel
Published: August 2021

Esta investigación se centra en analizar la percepción del alumnado universitario con respecto a sus compañeros/as sobre la comisión de plagio a través de diferentes prácticas establecidas a nivel teórico, así como comprobar la posible existencia de diferencias en función del curso y la rama de conocimiento. Para dar respuesta a las cuestiones planteadas, se diseñó una investigación de carácter exploratorio a través de un cuestionario dirigido a la población objeto de estudio, el alumnado universitario de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia. La muestra, de carácter no probabilístico, estuvo compuesta por un total de 8.526 estudiantes. De los resultados de la investigación, se puede destacar la alta valoración de la comisión de plagio por parte del grupo de iguales; los valores más bajos se producen en el primer curso y van creciendo conforme avanzan los cursos, hasta volver a remitir en cuarto y quinto curso. En cuanto a las ramas de conocimiento, en términos generales, el alumnado de la rama de Artes y Humanidades presenta valores más bajos que el resto. Como discusión y conclusiones de este trabajo se intenta dar respuestas a esta situación a través del análisis de estudios precedentes en esta temática.

This research focuses on analyzing the perception of university students with respect to their peers about the commission of plagiarism through different practices established at the theoretical level, as well as checking the possible existence of differences depending on the course and branch of knowledge. To answer the questions raised, an exploratory research was designed through a questionnaire addressed to the population under study, the university students of the Autonomous Community of Galicia. The non-probability sample was made up of a total of 8.526 students. From the results of the investigation, it is possible to emphasize the high valuation of the commission of plagiarism by the peer group; the lowest values occur in the first year and grow as the courses progress, until they remit again in the fourth and fifth year. Regarding the branches of knowledge, in general terms, the students of the Arts and Humanities branch present lower values than the rest. As a discussion and conclusions of this work, we try to provide answers to this situation through the analysis of previous studies on this topic.
Relación entre la disposición para comunicarse en inglés, el uso de estrategias de comunicación oral y el temor a la evaluación negativa en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gómez Juan Fernando , Restrepo Jorge Emiro , Díaz Larenas Claudio
Published: August 2021

El aprendizaje de una segunda lengua está influenciado por factores cognitivos y afectivos relacionados con el uso de estrategias, actitudes y rasgos de la personalidad que inciden en el aprendizaje. En esta investigación se analizaron las correlaciones entre la disposición para comunicarse en inglés, el uso de estrategias de comunicación para enfrentar las dificultades al hablar y el temor a la evaluación negativa en el aula, en una muestra de 575 estudiantes de pregrado de los niveles básico e intermedio de la asignatura de inglés. Se administraron el Cuestionario sobre Disposición para Comunicarse, el Inventario de Estrategias de Comunicación Oral, y la versión reducida de la Escala de Temor a la Evaluación Negativa. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa con un diseño no experimental, correlacional y transversal. Los análisis de la prueba de Spearman revelaron que existían correlaciones positivas entre casi la totalidad de las estrategias de comunicación y la disposición para comunicarse. Se hallaron también correlaciones negativas entre la mayoría de las estrategias de comunicación y el temor a la evaluación negativa. Además, se encontró una correlación débil entre el temor a la evaluación negativa y la disposición para comunicarse.

Second language learning is influenced by different factors. This study intends to analyze the relationship between willingness to communicate in English, communication strategies use to overcome speaking difficulties and fear of negative evaluation. The population consisted of 575 language basic and intermediate language undergraduate students. Three questionnaires were employed to collect the data: WTC (Willingness to Communicate), OCSI (Oral Communication Strategy Inventory) and BFNE (Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation). The research was carried out under a correlational, cross-sectional and non-experimental design. Spearman correlation coefficients revealed the existence of positive correlations in overall communication strategies and willingness to communicate. There exist negative relationships between the majority of communication strategies and fear of negative evaluation. Further, a weak correlation between fear of negative evaluation and willingness to communicate was observed.
La construcción de las identidades étnicas y culturales en niños y niñas migrantes: Un enfoque desde la etnografía colaborativa
Authors: Romero Rodríguez Soledad , Moreno-Morilla Celia , García Jiménez Eduardo
Published: August 2021

La construcción de las identidades culturales en niñas y niños migrantes requiere de un conocimiento profundo de las experiencias que se desarrollan en diversos espacios (la escuela, el hogar, la mezquita, las asociaciones vecinales, el centro cívico, etc.). Nuestra investigación reflexiona sobre los procesos de construcción de identidades culturales y la aportación de la etnografía colaborativa en su análisis. La utilización de este enfoque metodológico ha permitido la incorporación de la voz del alumnado migrante de Educación Infantil en la exploración de la construcción de sus identidades. Este artículo plantea como objetivo explorar las posibilidades de la etnografía colaborativa en el estudio de la construcción de identidades culturales mediante el análisis semiótico multimodal. Para ello, se ha utilizado un estudio de casos holístico y técnicas propias del enfoque Mosaic como los mapping, el retrato familiar, el roleplay y el autorretrato. El análisis semiótico social multimodal ha puesto en evidencia la difracción que se produce en los diferentes discursos de las niñas y los niños, evidenciando los conflictos en la construcción de sus identidades entre la cultura de origen y la destino, y ha mostrado cómo se configuran los estereotipos culturales en la etapa de Educación Infantil. Las conclusiones de este estudio subrayan la utilidad de la etnografía colaborativa y el análisis semiótico multimodal para el estudio de la construcción de identidades culturales en la infancia.

The ethnic and cultural identity construction among pupils from immigrant families requires a deep knowledge of intercultural communication practices that are developed in different spaces (school, home, mosque, neighbourhood associations, civic centre, etc.). Our research analyses the intercultural communication of children in school and shows the use of a methodology that allows access to their cultural identities’ construction. The use of collaborative ethnography with children has allowed the incorporation of their voices in the exploration of intercultural communication. This article aims to explore intercultural communication in 5-year-old students through collaborative ethnography and analyses their identities construction through multimodal discourse analysis. A holistic-case study design has been utilised as well as mosaic approach techniques, such as mapping, family portrait, role play and self-portrait. The social semiotic multimodal analysis has shown the diffraction that occurs in the different students’ discourses, evidencing the conflicts in the identity construction among participants from immigrant families. Likewise, the results have shown how cultural stereotypes are configured in Early Childhood Education classes. The conclusions highlight the usefulness of collaborative ethnography and multimodal analysis for the study of intercultural communication and the identity construction in childhood.
Le traducteur et l’archive : considérations historiographiques
Authors: Pickford Susan
Published: August 2021

Le tournant historique en traductologie met en avant depuis quelques années l’approche microhistorique, qui exploite souvent les sources archivistiques. Malgré son intérêt évident, une telle approche risque de fausser une vision d’ensemble du champ, car les archives classiques opèrent un filtrage culturel : les traducteurs bénéficiant d’une archive dédiée présentent souvent une agentivité et un capital littéraire atypiques – beaucoup sont eux-mêmes des auteurs ou traduisent des auteurs à fort capital littéraire. Cet article propose une autre méthode historiographique, la prosopographie, visant à accroître la visibilité de l’ensemble des traducteurs. Il trace les contours de deux cohortes prosopographiques. La première est le fruit d’un travail dans les archives éditoriales conservées à l’Institut Mémoires de l’édition contemporaine (Caen), sous l’angle de l’invocation des droits moraux comme expression de l’agentivité individuelle. La deuxième cohorte est issue d’un réseau social pour traducteurs en ligne, que l’article aborde sous l’angle d’une archive participative et non custodielle. Ce nouveau paradigme archivistique permet de mettre en lumière les aspirants traducteurs en début de carrière et de cerner les conditions d’accès à une carrière pérenne ouvrant la voie à la visibilité historique.
Towards a professional identity: Translators in the Victorian publisher’s archive
Authors: Milan Michelle
Published: August 2021

This essay situates itself at the intersection of book history and translation studies, and inquires how the archive, in this instance, those of British publishers, can help us chart the development of the professional literary translator in the nineteenth century. A key period in print culture, during which many cultural, technological and social shifts occurred, the Victorian era saw the rise of the literary profession, the relevance and impact of which on literary translation can be even better understood in the light of developments in British publishing practices. Using hitherto largely untapped primary sources and uncovering a number of significant processes in the publishing history of literary translation, the discussion offers fresh insights into the production of English-language translations in nineteenth-century Britain. Drawing on the archival records of Richard Bentley’s publishing house, including translators’ correspondence and the contractual agreements that underpinned the production and publication of translations, this study inquires into what may be termed the “proto-professionalization” of literary translators in the nineteenth century.
Seeing Human Rights
Authors: Ristovska Sandra
Published: August 2021

As video becomes an important tool to expose injustice, an examination of how human rights organizations are seeking to professionalize video activism.

Visual imagery is at the heart of humanitarian and human rights activism, and video has become a key tool in these efforts. The Saffron Revolution in Myanmar, the Green Movement in Iran, and Black Lives Matter in the United States have all used video to expose injustice. In Seeing Human Rights, Sandra Ristovska examines how human rights organizations are seeking to professionalize video activism through video production, verification standards, and training. The result, she argues, is a proxy profession that uses human rights videos to tap into journalism, the law, and political advocacy.

Ristovska explains that this proxy profession retains some tactical flexibility in its use of video while giving up on the more radical potential and imaginative scope of video activism as a cultural practice. Drawing on detailed analysis of legal cases and videos as well as extensive interviews with staff members of such organizations as Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, WITNESS, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), and the International Criminal Court (ICC), Ristovska considers the unique affordances of video and examines the unfolding relationships among journalists, human rights organizations, activists, and citizens in global crisis reporting. She offers a case study of the visual turn in the law; describes advocacy and marketing strategies; and argues that the transformation of video activism into a proxy profession privileges institutional and legal spaces over broader constituencies for public good.

The open access edition of this book was made possible by generous funding from Arcadia – a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin.
Wheat litter and feed with aluminosilicates for improved growth and meat quality in broiler chickens
Authors: Banaszak Mirosław , Biesek Jakub , Adamski Marek
Published: August 2021

Background

Natural minerals have many beneficial properties in poultry production, taking into account production as well as hygiene, health, safety, and quality of broiler meat. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of aluminosilicates in feed and litter on the growth performance and meat quality in chickens. Aluminosilicates, including halloysite and zeolite, could be a good alternative for synthetics, as a good solution for the environment in line with the current trends.

Methods

Five-hundred male Ross 308 chickens were managed in 5 groups (10 replicates/group): LITTER: 1, control; 2, 0.95 kg/m2 of halloysite; 3, 0.475 kg/m2 of halloysite and 0.475 zeolite; 4, 0.95 kg/m2 of zeolite; 5, 0.25 kg/m2of halloysite and 0.7 kg/m2 of zeolite. FEED: groups 2–5, halloysite and zeolite addition (25:75 ratio; 0.5–2%). Growth performance (body weight and feed indicators), carcass, and meat quality (pH, colour, water-holding capacity, chemical composition of muscles) were recorded. The experimental setup, where the aluminosilicate additives were applied simultaneously, was proposed and approved by experts after pilot testing and on the basis of extensive literature where feed or litter additives were tested.

Results

Body weight and its gain were higher in groups 3 and 4 than in 1, and feed intake was higher in 4. The weight of the carcass and some of its components, including muscles and skin with subcutaneous fat, were higher in 2–4. Water loss from leg muscles was lower in 4. The content of protein in muscles was significantly higher in 3. The addition of aluminosilicates in feed and litter had a positive effect on the growth performance and some traits of carcasses and meat quality, especially in group 3. Halloysite and zeolite can be used in feed and litter (especially 0.475 kg/m2 for each mineral in the wheat litter).
Digital Gaming and Psychological Well-being among Adolescent College Going Students in Puducherry, India
Authors: Praveen A , Stalin P
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Adolescents are vulnerable to addictions such as tobacco, alcohol, pornography, internet use etc. Due to high exposure to internet and gadgets, the involvement of adolescents in digital gaming has increased significantly in recent years. Excessive digital gaming may affect the mental health status. Aim: To measure the prevalence of digital gaming and to assess the relationship between digital gaming and psychological well-being among college going adolescents. Materials and Methods: A college based cross-sectional study was conducted among 415 adolescents (≤19 years of age) studying in arts, engineering and medical colleges located in Puducherry. The study participants were recruited using stratified multistage sampling technique. After obtaining written informed consent, study participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire consisting of variables such as socio-demography, usage and pattern of digital gaming. Gaming Addiction Scale was used to assess the level of addiction to digital gaming. Psychological well-being score was assessed using 42 items Ryff’s scale with six domains such as autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life and self-acceptance. Data was analysed in IBM SPSS Statistics for windows, Version 21.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, New York). Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA tests were used to measure the p-value, p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of 415 study participants, 83.1% were current or past players of digital games. Females (93%) ever played more than males (74%) (p<0.001). The proportion of current/past gamers was lowest in the participants aged 17 years (49.1%) (p<0.001). All engineering and arts students (100%) played the digital games either currently or in past, however it was only 48.9% among medical students (p<0.001). Majority (53.6%) played in both online and offline mode. About three-fourth (76.2%) of the study participants were playing digital games at their homes. The proportion of daily playing digital gamers was higher in females (28.6%) than males (23.4%) but statistically not significant (p=0.215). A 29% of the study participants felt bad when they were unable to play games. The prevalence of addictive and problematic users among those who were playing digital games was 4.3% and 33.6%, respectively. The mean score of self-acceptance dimension of psychological well-being was lowest among current users than past and never users with statistical significance (p=0.046). However, the dimension of personal growth was higher among current and never users than past users (p<0.001). Conclusion: Most of the college going adolescents had ever played digital games. There was no significant relationship between psychological well-being and digital gaming except for personal growth and self-acceptance dimensions.
Determination of Clinical Utility of Novel Biochemical Markers in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kondhalkar Ankita , Ambad Ranjit , Bhatt Neha , Jha Roshan Kumar
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a progressive joint disease characterized by loss of articular cartilage, joint bone hypertrophy, subchondral sclerosis, and chemical and morphological alterations in the synovial membrane and joint capsule. Stiffness, soreness, and focused dislocation of the articular cartilage are changes in the disease seen at the last level of OA, as well as synovial inflammation. Pain is a common clinical symptom, especially after prolonged exercise and weight bearing, and stiffness occurs after inactivity. Biologic markers will also play an important role in the production and monitoring of new structure-modifying therapies for osteoarthritis due to their rapid changes in response to treatment.

Aim: We conducted an observational study to estimate biochemical markers in the knee osteoarthritis patients who came to SMHRC Nagpur for a routine visit.

Material and Methods: The study included 60 people who visited Shalinitai Meghe hospital in Nagpur for a health check-up. We were able to keep the two groups apart here. The control group is comprises of Healthy Volunteer, while the study group is made up Knee osteoarthritis patients. Each community consists of 30 patients. COMP, Endoglin, Osteopontin, Hs-CRP: all of these parameters were estimated by commercially available ELISA kit.

Results: The levels of COMP, Endoglin, Osteopontin, and Hs-CRP in the study group were significantly higher than in the control group. In synovial fluid detection, endoglin levels in the sample group are not significantly higher than in the control group. Endoglin levels in the blood increase, as do other parameters.

Conclusion: These findings show a significant increase in the systematic and local development of these biomarkers in the main OA of the knee, as well as the link between disease severity and its production, meaning that they may be involved in OA pathogenesis. Longitudinal studies with repetitive measurements of these biomarkers in plasma and synovial fluid and their interactions with knee pain OA are necessary to track or predict the clinical course of OA and, ultimately, determine their potential role in determining the best time to participate.
Pre-emptive PPAR-γ Activation Abolishes Development of Nerve Injury-induced Behavioral Hypersensitivity: Elucidating Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Thakur Seema , Pasupulati Haritha , Sharma Saurabh , Padi Satyanarayana S. V.
Published: August 2021

Background: Neuropathic pain is a chronic incapacitating painful condition for which there is no effective treatment. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors that play key roles in modulating immune and inflammatory responses. The antinociceptive properties of PPAR-γ activation on development of neuropathic pain are not fully known.

Objective: To determine the role of PPAR-γ activation on the development of neuropathic pain following chronic constriction injury and to elucidate underlying mechanisms.

Methodology: Neuropathy was induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve in rats. Cold allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were assessed and the markers of inflammation and nitroso-oxidative stress were estimated.

Results: Pre-emptive administration of pioglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist (3, 10 or 30 mg/kg, i.p. 1 hr before surgery and continued once daily for 2 weeks) dose-dependently attenuated paw withdrawal latency to cold (allodynia) and thermal (hyperalgesia) stimuli. Pioglitazone significantly reduced elevated TBARS, protein carbonylation, nitrite levels and markedly restored depleted GSH, and reduction in activities of SOD and catalase in injured nerves. Further, pioglitazone markedly reduced plasma extravasation and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β following nerve injury. Moreover, pioglitazone did not alter the locomotor activity. Pretreatment with PPAR-γ antagonist BADGE (30 mg/kg, i.p.) blocked the beneficial effects of pioglitazone. Essentially, pioglitazone promoted the long-lasing recovery and also prevented the development of neuropathic pain even after treatment termination.

Conclusion: Pioglitazone, a PPAR-γ agonist receptor-dependently abolished the development of traumatic neuropathic pain and exerted long-lasting antinociceptive effects through reducing nitroso-oxidative stress and inflammation. Our findings strongly suggest that pre-emptive activation of PPAR-γ prevented or at least delayed the development of nerve injury-induced pain hypersensitivity.
Efficacy of Herbal Mouthwash with Extracts of Coriandrum Sativum, Mint and Clove in the Treatment of Chronic Gingivitis- A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Puri Sneha , Fatema Mahvash , Shewale Akhilesh , Bele Rashmi
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Herbal antiseptic or antibiotic agents are introduced very widely that are effective against plaque microorganisms for the healing of gingival and periodontal tissue. However, none of literature has shown antibacterial effect of coriandrum sativum, clove and mint on the levels of dental plaque when used as a mouthwash.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of a newly formulated mouthwash containing Coriandrum sativum, mint and clove to reduce plaque and inflammation to maintain the oral hygiene.

Methodology: Twenty systemically healthy patients were randomly allocated to either the test group [G1(coriandrm sativum, mint,clove = 10 patients)] or the control group [G2 (Placebo gel = 10 patients]. Full mouth Gingival Index (GI); Full mouth Plaque Index (PI) was evaluated at baseline and on 14 and 21st day.  

Result: The mean reduction in PI from 2.28 to 0.85 and 2.13 to 1.21 was noted in the experimental and control groups, respectively. The experimental group (2.21–0.76) comparatively showed better reduction in mean PBI than the control group (2.17–1.29). The results obtained were statistically significant at baseline and 14th and 21st day in all the groups. Remarkable improvement was noted from baseline to 14th and 21st day in all the groups.

Conclusion: The encouraging results of our study suggest that the newly formulated mouthwash containing coriandrum Sativum, mint and clove demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties, which may be useful as an adjunctive to mechanical therapy in the prevention and treatment of gingivitis.
Contingency Management for Patients Receiving Medication for Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Bolívar Hypatia A. , Klemperer Elias M. , Coleman Sulamunn R. M. , DeSarno Michael , Skelly Joan M. , Higgins Stephen T.
Published: August 2021

Importance

Medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is efficacious, but comorbid stimulant use and other behavioral health problems often undermine efficacy.

Objective

To examine the association of contingency management, a behavioral intervention wherein patients receive material incentives contingent on objectively verified behavior change, with end-of-treatment outcomes for these comorbid behavioral problems.

Data Sources

A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and reference sections of articles from inception through May 5, 2020. The following search terms were used: vouchers OR contingency management OR financial incentives.

Study Selection

Prospective experimental studies of monetary-based contingency management among participants receiving MOUD.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline, 3 independent investigators extracted data from included studies for a random-effects meta-analysis.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Primary outcome was the association of contingency management at end-of-treatment assessments with 6 clinical problems: stimulant use, polysubstance use, illicit opioid use, cigarette smoking, therapy attendance, and medication adherence. Random-effects meta-analysis models were used to compute weighted mean effect size estimates (Cohen d) and corresponding 95% CIs separately for each clinical problem and collapsing across the 3 categories assessing abstinence and the 2 assessing treatment adherence outcomes.

Results

The search identified 1443 reports of which 74 reports involving 10 444 unique adult participants met inclusion criteria for narrative review and 60 for inclusion in meta-analyses. Contingency management was associated with end-of-treatment outcomes for all 6 problems examined separately, with mean effect sizes for 4 of 6 in the medium-large range (stimulants, Cohen d = 0.70 [95% CI, 0.49-0.92]; cigarette use, Cohen d = 0.78 [95% CI, 0.43-1.14]; illicit opioid use, Cohen d = 0.58 [95% CI, 0.30-0.86]; medication adherence, Cohen d = 0.75 [95% CI, 0.30-1.21]), and 2 in the small-medium range (polysubstance use, Cohen d = 0.46 [95% CI, 0.30-0.62]; therapy attendance, d = 0.43 [95% CI, 0.22-0.65]). Collapsing across abstinence and adherence categories, contingency management was associated with medium effect sizes for abstinence (Cohen d = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.47-0.69) and treatment adherence (Cohen d = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.84) compared with controls.

Conclusions and Relevance

These results provide evidence supporting the use of contingency management in addressing key clinical problems among patients receiving MOUD, including the ongoing epidemic of comorbid psychomotor stimulant misuse. Policies facilitating integration of contingency management into community MOUD services are sorely needed.