bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cycloartane Saponins from Astragalus glycyphyllos and Their In Vitro Neuroprotective, Antioxidant, and hMAO-B-Inhibiting Effects
Authors: Stambolov Ivan , Shkondrov Aleksandar , Kunert Olaf , Bucar Franz , Kondeva-Burdina Magdalena , Krasteva Ilina
Published: July 2023

Astragalus glycyphyllos (Fabaceae) is used in the traditional medicine of many countries against hepatic and cardiac disorders. The plant contains mainly flavonoids and saponins. From a defatted methanol extract from its overground parts, a new triterpenoid saponin, 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-xylopyranosyl]-24-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-3β,6α,16β,24(R),25-pentahydroxy-20R-cycloartane, together with the rare saponin astrachrysoside A, were isolated using various chromatography methods. The compounds were identified via extensive high resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and NMR analyses. Both saponins were examined for their possible antioxidant and neuroprotective activity in three different in vitro models. Rat brain synaptosomes, mitochondria, and microsomes were isolated via centrifugation using Percoll gradient. They were treated with the compounds in three different concentrations alone, and in combination with 6-hydroxydopamine or tert-butyl hydroperoxide as toxic agents. It was found that the compounds had statistically significant dose-dependent in vitro protective activity on the sub-cellular fractions. The compounds exhibited a weak inhibitory effect on the enzyme activity of human recombinant monoamine oxidase type B (hMAO-B), compared to selegiline.
A Method for Achieving Nanoscale Visual Positioning Measurement Based on Ultra-Precision Machining Microstructures
Authors: Chen Yihan , Li Honglu , Zhu Zijian , Zhao Chenyang
Published: July 2023

Microscopic visual measurement is one of the main methods used for precision measurements. The observation morphology and image registration algorithm used in the measurement directly affect the accuracy and speed of the measurement. This paper analyzes the influence of morphology on different image registration algorithms through the imaging process of surface morphology and finds that complex morphology has more features, which can improve the accuracy of image registration. Therefore, the surface microstructure of ultra-precision machining is an ideal observation object. In addition, by comparing and analyzing the measurement results of commonly used image registration algorithms, we adopt a method of using the high-speed SURF algorithm for rough measurement and then combining the robust template-matching algorithm with image interpolation for precise measurements. Finally, this method has a repeatability of approximately 54 nm when measuring a planar displacement of 25 μm.
Surface Chemistry Tuning Solutions for Flotation of Fine Particles
Authors: Karakashev Stoyan I. , Grozev Nikolay A. , Mircheva Kristina , Ata Seher , Bournival Ghislain , Hristova Svetlana , Ozdemir Orhan
Published: July 2023

This paper analyses the basic obstacles preventing the fine particles from floating and suggests solutions for the wetting zone between the bubble and the particle during their collision. It has been shown in our recent paper that the basic problem of fine particle flotation is not the low frequency of collisions with the bubbles, but it consists of the efficiency of these collisions. Moreover, there exists a thermodynamic lower size limit for flotation of fine hydrophobized particles in the sub-micron range, and it is weakly dependent on the size of the bubbles. It was shown that fast flotation with high recovery of fine particles can be achieved by means of: (i) electrostatic attraction between particles and bubbles; (ii) a significant increase in the level of their hydrophobicity; (iii) existence of fine bubbles in the flotation cell. It was shown as well that the drainage of the wetting film between bubbles and particles is unimportant, but the deformation of the bubble by the particle during their clash plays a major role in its rupturing. Electrostatic attraction between bubbles and fine silica particles was achieved with hexylamine. It causes a moderate increase of their hydrophobicity from contact angle = 39.5° ± 2.5° to contact angle = 51.7° ± 7.5° and gave almost 90% recovery within 2 min. Unfortunately, the selectivity of this collector is unsatisfactory if the fine silica particles are mixed with fine magnesite particles. It was shown that even being hydrophilic, the recovery of fine particles can jump to almost 50% if strong electrostatic attraction with the bubbles exists. It was demonstrated as well with the collector hexamethyldisilazane causes significant increase of the hydrophobicity of the fine silica particles (contact angle ≈ 90°) results in skin flotation with 100% recovery when alone and 97% recovery when being mixed with fine magnesite particles (51/49). A new collector significantly increasing the hydrophobicity of magnesite fine particles was tested (disodium dodecyl phosphate) resulting in 89% recovery of fine magnesite particles alone and about 98% recovery in a mixture with fine silica particles.
Nature of Pigments in Orange and Purple Coloured Chinese Freshwater Cultured Pearls: Insights from Experimental Raman Spectroscopy and DFT Calculations
Authors: Chen Chaoyang , Yu Jing , Zhang Chuting , Ye Xu , Shen Andy H.
Published: July 2023

Pearls, a well-known organic gemstone, are popular for their attractive lustre and rich colour. The pigmentation and colour of pearls have never been clearly explained. Understanding the pigments and colour origin of pearls can be a guide for artificial cultivation and rational conservation. In this study, Chinese freshwater cultured pearls were collected as research samples. The appearance and colour characteristics of pearls were characterised using D65 standard light source photography and UV–Vis spectroscopy, the molecular structure of the pigments in the pearls was characterised using Raman spectroscopy, and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were used to reveal the characteristics of the pigments in the pearls in terms of molecular structure and electronic excitation. It was proposed that freshwater pearls are coloured with polyene pigments, with the chain length of the polyene determining the type of colour and the concentration of the polyene determining the colour intensity of the pearl. The HOMO–LUMO transition of conjugated polyenes is intrinsically responsible for the colour of pearls. Many colour-rich biominerals also have similar Raman spectral features to pearls, and this study has wider implications for understanding the nature of pigments and their colour origins.
MOF-Derived Co Nanoparticles Catalyst Assisted by F- and N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Ma Yuqi , Sung Ki-Wook , Ahn Hyo-Jin
Published: July 2023

The oxygen reduction reaction is crucial in the cathode of fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Consequently, designing robust and durable ORR catalysts is vital to developing metal–air batteries and fuel cells. Metal–organic frameworks feature an adjustable structure, a periodic porosity, and a large specific surface area, endowing their derivative materials with a unique structure. In this study, F and N co-doped on the carbon support surface (Co/FN-C) via the pyrolysis of ZIF-67 as a sacrificial template while using Co/FN-C as the non-noble metal catalysts. The Co/FN-C displays excellent long-term durability and electrochemical catalytic performance in acidic solutions. These performance improvements are achieved because the CQDs alleviate the structural collapse during the pyrolysis of ZIF-67, which increases the active sites in the Co nanoparticles. Moreover, F- and N-doping improves the catalytic activity of the carbon support by providing additional electrons and active sites. Furthermore, F anions are redox-stable ligands that exhibit long-term operational stability. Therefore, the well-dispersed Co NPs on the surface of the Co/FN-C are promising as the non-noble metal catalysts for ORR.
Radiofluorination of an Anionic, Azide-Functionalized Teroligomer by Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition
Authors: Wenzel Barbara , Schmid Maximilian , Teodoro Rodrigo , Moldovan Rareş-Petru , Lai Thu Hang , Mitrach Franziska , Kopka Klaus , Fischer Björn , Schulz-Siegmund Michaela , Brust Peter , Hacker Michael C.
Published: July 2023

This study describes the synthesis, radiofluorination and purification of an anionic amphiphilic teroligomer developed as a stabilizer for siRNA-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP-NPs). As the stabilizing amphiphile accumulates on nanoparticle surfaces, the fluorine-18-labeled polymer should enable to track the distribution of the CaP-NPs in brain tumors by positron emission tomography after application by convection-enhanced delivery. At first, an unmodified teroligomer was synthesized with a number average molecular weight of 4550 ± 20 Da by free radical polymerization of a defined composition of methoxy-PEG-monomethacrylate, tetradecyl acrylate and maleic anhydride. Subsequent derivatization of anhydrides with azido-TEG-amine provided an azido-functionalized polymer precursor (o14PEGMA-N3) for radiofluorination. The 18F-labeling was accomplished through the copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of o14PEGMA-N3 with diethylene glycol–alkyne-substituted heteroaromatic prosthetic group [18F]2, which was synthesized with a radiochemical yield (RCY) of about 38% within 60 min using a radiosynthesis module. The 18F-labeled polymer [18F]fluoro-o14PEGMA was obtained after a short reaction time of 2–3 min by using CuSO4/sodium ascorbate at 90 °C. Purification was performed by solid-phase extraction on an anion-exchange cartridge followed by size-exclusion chromatography to obtain [18F]fluoro-o14PEGMA with a high radiochemical purity and an RCY of about 15%.
Thermal Effects on Optical Chirality, Mechanics, and Associated Symmetry Properties
Authors: Lee Hyoung-In , Vaidya Tanvi , Dwivedi Ram Prakash
Published: July 2023

A review is provided here about the thermal effects on optical chirality. To this goal, chiral objects dispersed in an embedding fluid are examined for their magnetoelectric coupling. Thermal effects on several chiral meta-atoms and their ensembles are examined. To this goal, DNA-like helical structures are examined in detail. The mechanical aspect of thermo-elasticity is reviewed along with transverse deformations while drawing analogies from condensed-matter physics. In this respect, the chirality-induced spin selection is reviewed along with the temperature-mediated electron–phonon interactions. A wide range of materials, such as polymers and biological cells, are also examined for temperature effects. A transition temperature delineating a sign flip in the chirality parameter is identified as well. Chirality-associated functionalities such as ratchet motions, switching, and modulations are investigated for their respective thermal effects. Issues of fabricating chiral meta-atoms are also discussed.
Pluronic F-127 Hydrogels Containing Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and a Nitric Oxide Donor to Treat Skin Cancer
Authors: Cabral Fernanda V. , Santana Bianca de Melo , Lange Camila N. , Batista Bruno L. , Seabra Amedea B. , Ribeiro Martha S.
Published: July 2023

Melanoma is a serious and aggressive type of skin cancer with growing incidence, and it is the leading cause of death among those affected by this disease. Although surgical resection has been employed as a first-line treatment for the early stages of the tumor, noninvasive topical treatments might represent an alternative option. However, they can be irritating to the skin and result in undesirable side effects. In this context, the potential of topical polymeric hydrogels has been investigated for biomedical applications to overcome current limitations. Due to their biocompatible properties, hydrogels have been considered ideal candidates to improve local therapy and promote wound repair. Moreover, drug combinations incorporated into the polymeric-based matrix have emerged as a promising approach to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy, making them suitable vehicles for drug delivery. In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis and characterization of Pluronic F-127 hydrogels (PL) containing the nitric oxide donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) against melanoma cells. Individually applied NO donor or metallic oxide nanoparticles have been widely explored against various types of cancer with encouraging results. This is the first report to assess the potential and possible underlying mechanisms of action of PL containing both NO donor and CuO NPs toward cancer cells. We found that PL + GSNO + CuO NPs significantly reduced cell viability and greatly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species. In addition, this novel platform had a huge impact on different organelles, thus triggering cell death by inducing nuclear changes, a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and lipid peroxidation. Thus, GSNO and CuO NPs incorporated into PL hydrogels might find important applications in the treatment of skin cancer.
New Trends in Freeze-Drying of Pharmaceutical Products
Authors: Pisano Roberto , Fissore Davide
Published: July 2023

Freeze-drying, also known as lyophilization, is a process that facilitates the removal of water through sublimation from a frozen product (primary drying) [...]
The Effects of Seed Pretreatment with Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus subtilis on the Water Balance of Spring and Winter Wheat Seedlings under Short-Time Water Deficit
Authors: Lubyanova Alsu R. , Allagulova Chulpan R. , Lastochkina Oksana V.
Published: July 2023

We investigated the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with endophytic Bacillus subtilis 10-4 (B. subtilis) on spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; cultivars Ekada-70 (Ek) and Scepter (Sc), respectively) growth and tolerance under 1–24 h of drought stress, modulated by 12% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG). The results showed that drought decreased transpiration intensity (TI), root relative water content (RWC), osmotic potential (Ψπ) of cell sap, and induced proline accumulation and electrolyte leakage (EL) in both wheat cultivars. It was revealed that Sc was more responsive to PEG and B. subtilis treatments than Ek. Under drought, Ek did not significantly change root length, shoot height, or dry biomass. The pretreatment of wheat plants with B. subtilis performed significantly better under drought conditions through the enhanced TI, RWC, and Ψπ of the cell sap in comparison with the plants treated with 12% PEG alone. B. subtilis also reduced stress-caused EL, especially in the Sc cultivar. Under water deficit wheat seedlings, pretreated with B. subtilis, have a higher proline accumulation in comparison to untreated stressed plants. Taken together, our results demonstrate the crucial role of endophytic B. subtilis in ameliorating the adverse effects of water stress on the water balance of both winter and spring wheat cultivars.
Optimization of Filler Compositions of Electrically Conductive Polypropylene Composites for the Manufacturing of Bipolar Plates
Authors: Tariq Muhammad , Utkarsh  , Syed Nabeel Ahmed , Behravesh Amir Hossein , Pop-Iliev Remon , Rizvi Ghaus
Published: July 2023

In this research, polypropylene (PP)–graphite composites were prepared using the melt mixing technique in a twin-screw extruder. Graphite, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), carbon black (CB), and expanded graphite (EG) were added to the PP in binary, ternary, and quaternary formations. The graphite was used as a primary filler, and MWCNT, CB, and EG were added to the PP–graphite composites as secondary fillers at different compositions. The secondary filler compositions were considered the control input factors of the optimization study. A full factorial design of the L-27 Orthogonal Array (OA) was used as a Design of Experiment (DOE). The through-plane electrical conductivity and flexural strength were considered the output responses. The experimental data were interpreted via Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the significance of each secondary filler. Furthermore, statistical modeling was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) to predict the properties of the composites as a function of filler composition. The empirical model for the filler formulation demonstrated an average accuracy of 83.9% and 93.4% for predicting the values of electrical conductivity and flexural strength, respectively. This comprehensive experimental study offers potential guidelines for producing electrically conductive thermoplastic composites for the manufacturing of bipolar fuel cell plates.
A Sustainable Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Solid-State Electrochemical Devices
Authors: Tombolesi Serena , Zanieri Niccolò , Bargnesi Luca , Mernini Martina , Lacarbonara Giampaolo , Arbizzani Catia
Published: July 2023

Nowadays, solid polymer electrolytes have attracted increasing attention for their wide electrochemical stability window, low cost, excellent processability, flexibility and low interfacial impedance. Specifically, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are attractive substitutes for liquid ones due to their high ionic conductivity (10−3–10−2 S cm−1) at room temperature and solid-like dimensional stability with excellent flexibility. These characteristics make GPEs promising materials for electrochemical device applications, i.e., high-energy-density rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, electrochromic displays, sensors, and actuators. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the viability of a sustainable GPE, prepared without using organic solvents or ionic liquids and with a simplified preparation route, that can substitute aqueous electrolytes in electrochemical devices operating at low voltages (up to 2 V). A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based GPE has been cast from an aqueous solution and characterized with physicochemical and electrochemical methods. Its electrochemical stability has been assessed with capacitive electrodes in a supercapacitor configuration, and its good ionic conductivity and stability in the atmosphere in terms of water loss have been demonstrated. The feasibility of GPE in an electrochemical sensor configuration with a mediator embedded in an insulating polymer matrix (ferrocene/polyvinylidene difluoride system) has also been reported.
Woven Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Tubular Mesh Reinforcement of Hollow High-Performance Concrete Beams
Authors: Řepka Jakub , Vlach Tomáš , Hájek Jakub , Fürst Richard , Pošta Jan , Hájek Petr
Published: July 2023

This article presents woven carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) tubular mesh used as a reinforcement on the inner surface of hollow beams made of high-performance concrete (HPC). The tubular mesh was designed to serve as both the tensile and shear reinforcement of hollow beams intended for the construction of small self-supporting structures that could be assembled without mechanization. The reinforcement was prepared with a tri-axial weaving machine from carbon filament yarn and was homogenized using epoxy resin. The interaction of the composite reinforcement with the cementitious matrix was investigated, and the surface of the reinforcement was modified using silica sand and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers to improve cohesion. The sand coating enhanced bond strength, resulting in the significantly higher flexural strength of the hollow beam of 128%. The PVA fibers had a lower positive effect of 64% on the flexural strength but improved the ductility of the beam. Individual beams were connected by gluing steel parts directly inside the hollow core of the HPC beam. This procedure provides good interaction between the CFRP reinforcement and the glued steel insert and allows for the fast and simple assembly of structures. The weaving of additional layers of the CFRP reinforcement around HPC beams was also explored. A small structure made of the hollow HPC beams with inner composite reinforcement was constructed to demonstrate the possibilities of the presented technology.
Integrated Zoning and Spatial Heterogeneity of Coastal Watershed-Nearshore Waters
Authors: Huang Pei , Shi Honghua , Wang Zongling
Published: July 2023

Integrated land-sea development and protection are important for the sustainable development of coastal areas. To promote the transition from separate land-sea management to integrated land-sea governance, the scientific delineation of the integrated spatial zoning units of coastal watershed-nearshore waters is an important tool for integrated land-sea management. From the perspective of physical geography, this study uses digital hydrological analysis based on DEM data to determine the coastal basin range and generate multilevel watersheds and river networks using different thresholds, and establishes spatial correspondence among physical geospatial spaces, such as watershed zones, coastlines, and nearshore waters, after considering the boundaries of major estuaries and bays. On this basis, the coastal zone is divided into several integrated spatial zoning units of coastal watershed-nearshore waters, and a physical geography-based integrated spatial zoning method is developed to form a physical geography-based land-sea integrated spatial zoning scheme. This study conducted spatial heterogeneity research of the integrated spatial zoning units, from the perspectives of topography analysis, land use analysis, socioeconomic analysis of the watershed, sea use analysis, seawater quality analysis of the nearshore waters, and load pressure analysis of the watershed-nearshore waters. The elemental differences of zoning units are studied in detail, which can provide a data reference for establishing the relationship between watersheds and nearshore waters. Applying this research method to the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in China, where the land-sea linkage pattern is forming, can provide a spatial reference and scientific basis for land-sea integrated management for ecological protection and sustainable resource utilization in the coastal zone.
An Incident Detection Model Using Random Forest Classifier
Authors: ElSahly Osama , Abdelfatah Akmal
Published: July 2023

Traffic incidents have adverse effects on traffic operations, safety, and the economy. Efficient Automatic Incident Detection (AID) systems are crucial for timely and accurate incident detection. This paper develops a realistic AID model using the Random Forest (RF), which is a machine learning technique. The model is trained and tested on simulated data from VISSIM traffic simulation software. The model considers the variations in four critical factors: congestion levels, incident severity, incident location, and detector distance. Comparative evaluation with existing AID models, in the literature, demonstrates the superiority of the developed model, exhibiting higher Detection Rate (DR), lower Mean Time to Detect (MTTD), and lower False Alarm Rate (FAR). During training, the RF model achieved a DR of 96.97%, MTTD of 1.05 min, and FAR of 0.62%. During testing, it achieved a DR of 100%, MTTD of 1.17 min, and FAR of 0.862%. Findings indicate that detecting minor incidents during low traffic volumes is challenging. FAR decreases with the increase in Demand to Capacity ratio (D/C), while MTTD increases with D/C. Higher incident severity leads to lower MTTD values, while greater distance between an incident and upstream detector has the opposite effect. The FAR is inversely proportional to the incident’s location from the upstream detector, while being directly proportional to the distance between detectors. Larger detector spacings result in longer detection times.
Revisiting the Clausius/Clapeyron Equation and the Cause of Linearity
Authors: Thompson Jason E. , Paluch Andrew S.
Published: July 2023

In general, for an organic compound a plot of the log vapor pressure versus inverse temperature is linear over a wide temperature range. This however can lead to a point of confusion in an undergraduate thermodynamics course. This linear behavior is typically explained using the Clausius/Clapeyron equation. That is, starting with the Clapeyron equation one first assumes (1) that the change in compressibility upon vaporization is approximately 1, or equivalently that the vapor phase may be treated as an ideal gas where the molar volume of the vapor is much greater than that of the liquid, which may be assumed negligible. And second (2), that the enthalpy of vaporization is constant. While the resulting linear behavior is captured, the underlying assumptions are not applicable over the wide range of temperatures of interest. Here we discuss the shortcomings of the conventional explanation of the Clausius/Clapeyron equation. We further demonstrate that a simple solution is to instead assume that the enthalpy of vaporization relative to the change in compressibility upon vaporization is constant. We provide a series of examples and MATLAB code that can be used in an undergraduate thermodynamics course.
Low Prevalence of Schistosoma mekongi Infection and High Prevalence of Other Helminth Infections among Domestic Animals in Southern Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Authors: Sayasone Somphou , Khattignavong Phonepadith , Keomalaphet Sengdeuane , Prasayasith Phoyphaylinh , Soundala Pheovaly , Sannikone Sonesimmaly , Kumagai Takashi , Phomhaksa Souk , Inthavong Phouth , Matsumoto-Takahashi Emilie Louise Akiko , Hongvanthong Bouasy , Brey Paul T. , Kano Shigeyuki , Iwagami Moritoshi
Published: July 2023

The prevalence of Schistosoma mekongi in humans in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) has been relatively well monitored and has decreased due to effective interventions such as preventative chemotherapy with mass drug administration of praziquantel and community awareness programs. However, the prevalence among potential domestic reservoir animals remains broadly unclear, except for a few villages in the endemic area. Therefore, we conducted S. mekongi surveys for the domestic animals that had contact with Mekong River water. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the domestic animals in the seven sentinel villages in the Khong and Mounlapamok Districts of Champasak Province in southern Lao PDR in 2018 by random sampling with a statistically reliable sample size. Stool samples of the five predominant domestic animal species, cattle (n = 160), pig (n = 154), buffalo (n = 149), dog (n = 143), and goat (n = 85), were collected and examined using parasitological FECT method and the LAMP technique. The microscopic analysis did not detect any eggs of S. mekongi in the stool samples of any animal species. However, S. mekongi DNA was detected by the LAMP test in dog stool samples (0.7%; 1/143). On the other hand, the prevalence of other helminths was quite high and heterogeneous among animal species and sentinel sites by the microscopic analysis. These findings suggested that an intervention for S. mekongi infection should focus solely on human populations. However, periodic surveillance for S. mekongi infection among dogs should be conducted to monitor a possible resurgence of S. mekongi infection in the domestic animal population.
Health-Care Seeking Behavior and Treatment of Menstrual Migraine among Danish Women—A Social Media Study
Authors: Chalmer Mona Ameri , Lønberg Ulla Sofie
Published: July 2023

An estimated 4–8% of all women, and 16–25% of women with migraine, have menstrual migraine (MM), which causes considerable disability, but is underdiagnosed and undertreated. We investigated the burden of disease, health-care seeking behavior, and treatment practices among women with MM, using social media. In 12 days, 6246 women answered an online survey, allowing for diagnosis of MM by the International Classification of Headache Disorders third edition (ICHD-3). In total, 47% had MM, 21% had non-menstrual migraine (nMM), and 15% had probable menstrual migraine (pMM). Among women with MM, 61% had missed out on school/work and 69% on family, leisure, or social activities in the last 3 months. Fifty-four percent had consulted a health-care practitioner about their MM, of whom thirty-seven percent had received information about medical treatment of MM. A total of 85% used medicine in connection with MM, either over-the-counter medication only (57%), prescription medication only (24%), or both. Social media offers an efficient and less expensive recruitment platform for population-based studies on MM and is a useful tool to raise public awareness about MM. Moreover, this study confirms the significant impact of MM on women’s everyday lives and the challenges it poses to their regular activities.
A microbiota intestinal em pacientes portadoras de Diabetes gestacional
Authors: Orsioli Rafaela Baise , De Barros Eduarda Pereira , Cadorin Júlia Scarabelot , De Almeida Maria Eduarda Bahls
Published: July 2023

O organismo humano é composto por muitos microorganismos que vivem em simbiose, e os quais estão envolvidos em diversos processos, como proteção contra doenças, ou mesmo a produção substâncias úteis, como a vitamina K. O trato gastrointestinal (TGI) humano é o sítio orgânico mais densamente povoado por microorganismos, na maioria bactérias, abrigando dez vezes mais bactérias que o número de células que formam nosso organismo. Na gestação ocorrem diversas adaptações fisiológicas as quais são afetadas pela microbiota intestinal. A estrutura da colônia de bactérias pode ser alterada, influenciando o metabolismo gestacional e podendo levar ao desenvolvimento de doenças como o diabetes gestacional. O diabetes gestacional é um subtipo de diabetes Mellitus caracterizado por uma anomalia da tolerância à glicose que clinicamente reflete no aumento da glicemia, diagnosticada ou detectada pela primeira vez durante a gravidez e tende a apresentar complicações tanto para a mulher quanto para o feto.
A eficácia do uso da heparina na prevenção de tromboembolismo venoso em pacientes acometidos por COVID-19: revisão sistemática
Authors: Candido Antonia Camila Monteiro , Bezerra Felipe Grana , De Almeida Patrícia Souza , De Almeida Anne Cristine Gomes , Brito Marcelo Augusto Mota , Chagas Kadmiel Cândido
Published: July 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A Heparina  de  baixo  peso  molecular  e heparina  não  fracionada  possuem  propriedades antiinflamatórias, sendo comumente utilizada associação com agentes antiplaquetários no tratamento das síndromes coronarianas agudas e na prevenção de tromboembolismo venoso. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia do uso da heparina na prevenção de tromboembolismo venoso em pacientes acometidos por COVID-19. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma Revisão Sistemática. Os artigos foram selecionados a partir das bibliotecas virtuais SCIELO, BVS e PubMed. Os critérios de inclusão foram publicações de 2019 a 2022, com idiomas ou português ou inglês, texto completo, disponibilizados gratuitamente e que atendessem as questões e aos objetivos da pesquisa. Foram excluídos estudos duplicados nas referidas bibliotecas virtuais, fora do período mencionado, e que não atendiam objetivos da pesquisa. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 15 artigos para compor esta revisão sistemática. Observou-se que o uso das heparinas de baixo peso molecular ou heparinas não fracionadas, é recomendado como uso profilático em pacientes hospitalizados ou  não, visando prevenir a tromboembolia venosa. Porém,  o uso de uma dose profilática intermediária ou de intervenção profilática pós-alta foi associada a melhoras da coagolação e por isso se recomenda o uso de anticoagulação profilática durante a hospitalização. CONCLUSÕES: Com base nos achados podemos dizer que o  uso de Heparinas de Baixo Peso Molecular e Heparina Não Fracionada em doses profiláticas e terapêuticas é indicado pois demonstrou benefício clínico e baixo risco de complicações hemorrágicas. Dessa forma, concluímos que existe elevado risco de TEV em pacientes acometidos por COVID-19 e que a profilaxia com o uso de heparina  pode ser realizada nos pacientes considerando seu quadro clínico.
Atuação do enfermeiro no letramento em saúde de jovens, adultos e idosos referente as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis
Authors: Rosa Sophia Antunes , E Silva Yara Oliveira , De Paula Júnior Newton Ferreira , Leles Ana Cristina Rodrigues , Vieira Filho Fabiano Marques , Zanol Thiago Sales , Arantes Lara Ohanna , Silva Gabriela Falone , Costa Débora Pereira , Dornelles Eliaquim Almeida , Caldas Erika Rodrigues , Ferreira Maíra Valle , Marcelino Elisangela da Costa , Caixeta Flávia de Castro
Published: July 2023

O letramento em saúde (LS) é considerado um determinante crítico da saúde, empodera as habilidades e aptidões dos indivíduos, e conduz equidade nos âmbitos individuais e coletivos, para tomada de decisões e ações tangíveis de promoção à saúde. Existe uma maior possibilidade de um sujeito com adequado LS ter melhores condições de saúde quando comparado àquele com inadequado LS. Objetivo: verificar, com base na literatura científica, sobre a atuação do enfermeiro no LS de jovens, adultos e idosos acerca das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Metodologia: realizou-se uma revisão de escopo, com fontes de pesquisas online, compreendida no período de 5 anos (2018 a 2022). Resultados e Discussão: foram encontrados 538 estudos, sendo que após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão e inclusão, obteve-se o total de 11 estudos incluídos nesta revisão de escopo. Considerações Finais: a atuação do (a) enfermeiro (a) no LS de jovens, adultos e idosos acerca das IST é imprescindível para que a população se conscientize sobre a prevenção dessas infecções, assim como, melhore a adesão ao tratamento.
Estudo experimental dos efeitos do óleo de buriti em lesões diabéticas
Authors: Lima Helena Maria Reinaldo , Barros Esmeralda Maria Lustosa , Gomes Ferlany Araújo Carneiro , De Souza João Victor Lima , Duarte Joyce Laíse Silva , Braga Keylanne Reis , De Sá Laura Sousa Coêlho , Lima Laurielle Fernandes
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do óleo na cicatrização de lesões em diabéticos tipo I e analisar comparativamente o efeito do óleo de girassol. Métodos: Consiste em uma pesquisa experimental de análise quantitativa, utilizando quatro grupos de ratos da linhagem Wistar (Ratus norvegicus). Os grupos A, B e C foram induzidos ao diabetes com a administração de uma dose única (50 mg/ Kg de peso corporal) de estreptozotocina, droga diabetogênica (Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO, EUA), dissolvida em 0,01 M tampão citrato (pH 4,5). Posteriormente, todos grupos foram lesionados na região dorso-lombar e tratados com soro (A), óleo de buriti (B e D) e óleo de girassol (C). Resultados: A análise através do software revelou que não houve resultados significativos para comprovar uma melhora da cicatrização com o uso do óleo de buriti. Conclusão: O uso do óleo de buriti apresentou, de modo geral, vantagens quando comparado aos demais grupos. Porém, com o resultado do “p Valor” fora dos padrões de confiabilidade e credulidade, esta pesquisa não apresentou grau de relevância para afirmar que o óleo de buriti traga reais benefícios ao tratamento de lesões dos pacientes diabéticos.
Necessidade da criação do Conselho Comunitário de Segurança no bairro Cidade Industrial de Curitiba
Authors: Previdi Mauro Jalson
Published: July 2023

A necessidade da criação do Conselho Comunitário de Segurança da Cidade Industrial de Curitiba, passa a ser de imprescindível importância para a interação dos órgãos de Segurança Pública com a comunidade local, para atender os anseios de Segurança Pública, com a presença ostensiva e ações repressivas da Polícia Militar, visando a diminuição dos índices de criminalidade e aumentando a sensação de segurança. Essa é a proposta que permeia a realização do presente artigo, baseada por meio de pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa para uma melhor compreensão das necessidades a serem levantadas e dos anseios da comunidade local e da análise para processar e explorar o conjunto de dados levantados para uma correta aplicação dos meios disponíveis. No final, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e das análises dos dados levantados, é realizada a proposta para a implantação do CONSEG Cidade Industrial diante das condições legais de criação e posterior funcionamento do Conselho Comunitário de Segurança sob a luz do Decreto Estadual nº 5.381 de 24 de outubro de 2016 e da Portaria nº 009, de 19 de outubro de 2020, que regulam os CONSEGs.
Analytical and chromatographic parameters used to quantify flavonols and chlorogenic acid in Solidago raw extracts
Authors: De Oliveira Temistocles Barroso , Guimarães Thiago Frances , Kelly Andressa Maia , Valverde Simone Sacramento
Published: July 2023

Species in the Solidago genus are used worldwide due to the therapeutic activities of their flavonoids and terpenoids. Its anti-inflammatory, vulnerary, antirheumatic, analgesic, diuretic, aquaretic, wound-healing properties, as well as its ability to relieve the burn and insect bites, allow use in a variety of therapeutic applications. This study was carried out to determine the comparative chemical profile, the content of flavonoids (FLV) and chlorogenic acid (CA) in the inflorescence extracts of Solidago chilensis and Solidago canadensis, as well as the biological potential of these species, regarding other Solidago species used in North America and Europe. S. chilensis was cultivated in Itaipava, Tapera Quilombo’s (Rio de Janeiro/Itaboraí Forum - FIT/Fiocruz) and in the Agroecological Platform of Phytomedicines (PAF/Farmanguinhos/Fiocruz). S. canadensis was acquired in Rio de Janeiro, in a popular market. The inflorescences polar extracts were evaluated and standardized by HPLC analytical methodology about the levels of the flavonoids reference standards and CA content and expressed in µg/mL for quantification, using the selectivity analytical parameters, linearity, limit of detection, accuracy, precision, and robustness as defined by national health surveillance agency in Brazil. The HPLC-UV-PDA revealed mainly flavonols (FLV) such as quercetin, glycosides as well as CA. S. canadensis presented the highest concentrations of quercetin (114.46 ± 0.114 µg/mL) and quercitrin (54.40 ± 2.014 µg/mL) but did not present isoquercitrin. However, the S. chilensis (TT0116 extract) presented the highest amount of CA (96.06 ± 2.365 µg/mL) and isoquercitrin (143.88 ± 4.219 µg/mL), and the samples of TB0116 extract presented the highest amount of hyperoside (227.79 ± 3.333 µg/mL and 153.49 ± 4.200 µg/mL). The presented data in this study indicate qualitative similarities and quantitative differences in the CA and FLV contents in the crude extracts of the two Solidago species. These differences are essential to assess the biological activity of each species, confirm its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, and perform quality control of species occurring in Brazil.
El modelado molecular como estrategia didáctica en la enseñanza de la química
Authors: Garay Alberto Sergio , Vignatti Charito Ivana , Gutierrez Carolina Guadalupe , Marín Nubia García
Published: July 2023

El Modelado Molecular, a través de la interpretación de los términos físico-matemáticos de un campo de fuerza, podría ser una herramienta útil en la enseñanza de la Química. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una actividad de articulación entre docentes y alumnos de la Escuela Industrial Superior y docentes especialistas en Modelado Molecular de la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, ambas instituciones pertenecientes a la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Santa Fe, Argentina).
Mecanismos de erupção dental: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Debacker Vitor Alan , Hartmann Ivo
Published: July 2023

A erupção dos dentes é um evento biológico que envolve diversos estágios até resultar no posicionamento do órgão na cavidade oral. Trata-se de um complexo processo que desde a formação intraóssea até atingir o plano funcional, envolve mudanças teciduais e anatômicas, ativação de vários genes e a liberação de fatores de crescimento e hormônios. O folículo dental, um tecido conjuntivo frouxo adjacente ao dente em formação, é o mais importante alvo de regulação no processo de erupção, pois a partir da liberação de seus produtos e interação com outros, o processo de remodelação óssea na cripta, formação do ligamento periodontal e crescimento radicular são iniciados. Historicamente, várias teorias foram elaboradas com o propósito de responder à pergunta de como os dentes erupcionam. Entre as principais teorias elaboradas, a do crescimento radicular, ligamento periodontal e a modulação do osso da cripta através dos processos de reabsorção e formação óssea são as mais embasadas para explicar o mecanismo. Essa revisão de literatura retoma, à vista disso, os conceitos previamente propostos para cada uma dessas teorias e busca relacionar com experimentos e pesquisas mais recentes nessa área. Além disso, associado às teorias são citadas correlações clínicas, como deficiências ou más formações, que reiteram a premissa da teoria para o mecanismo de erupção ou ainda se contrapõe ao princípio do mecanismo.
Usando o software Geogebra para implementar o algoritmo de Dijkstra
Authors: De Vicente Amarildo
Published: July 2023

Em teoria dos grafos um dos recursos de grande importância é determinação do caminho de menor custo entre dois pontos distintos. A fim de obter tal caminho há vários algoritmos e um dos mais conhecidos é o algoritmo de Dijkstra. O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar a implementação deste algoritmo com apoios do software Geogebra, a fim de possibilitar que, além da determinação do percurso de menor custo, se tenha também uma visão geométrica do caminho a ser percorrido.
Percepção das gestantes sobre a Sífilis na gestação e suas repercussões para o feto
Authors: Da Silva Larissa Vieira , Nascimento Joélida Neves , Melo Edijane Helena da Silva , Cézar Augusto Bispo
Published: July 2023

Introdução: A sífilis é uma doença ocasionada pelo agente etiológico Treponema pallidum, considerada uma Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível (IST). A transmissão ocorre por via sexual, transplacentária ou durante o parto, sendo diagnosticada muitas vezes durante o acompanhamento de pré-natal, por meio de testes rápidos fornecidos na Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS). A sífilis materna não tratada pode ocasionar sérias complicações, como 40% de perda gestacional de forma precoce, 11% à morte cerebral e 12 a 13% baixo peso ao nascer. Cerca de 20% dos recém-nascidos poderão apresentar sinais sugestivos de sífilis congênita se não ocorrer o tratamento adequado durante a gestação. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa realizada a partir do levantamento de informações a respeito do tema abordado encontradas nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Como resultado da seleção de trabalhos originais, derivou-se 6 artigos com relevância para a construção deste estudo narrativo. Discussão: A doença transmitida pela bactéria ainda é considerada desconhecida entre a maioria das gestantes, é visto que o nível de escolaridade possui influência sobre informações importantes. Desta forma, identifica-se falhas durante as consultas do pré-natal em relação as orientações essenciais sobre a doença e prevenção, tornando distante a possibilidade de prevenção e tratamento precoce da IST. Conclusão: É importante trabalhar ações educativas dentro dos consultórios nas consultas de pré-natal, em conformidade com os estudos, as práticas educativas, são essenciais para o aumento da percepção das gestantes sobre a sífilis e a compreensão da sífilis congênita, havendo o tratamento adequado e prevenção da doença.
O envelhecimento humano do efetivo e suas consequências para a qualidade da atividade policial militar
Authors: Zocchi Marcos Roberto
Published: July 2023

No curso da vida, as pessoas passam a maior parte do seu tempo no desenvolvimento de atividades profissionais. Para a atividade policial militar, há, ainda, a especificidade de que a função é exercida mediante a exposição do indivíduo a perigos e situações diretamente relacionados à criminalidade, o que torna o trabalho mais árduo e extenuante, não somente do ponto de vista físico-corporal, mas eminentemente psicológico e social. E a exigência sobre o aspecto psicológico do policial aumenta quando, apesar da exposição severa a fatores deletérios geradores de estresse e das situações adversas, ele precisa realizar a interação com o público de forma educada e cordial – o que passa a ser, também, fator de desestabilização emocional. Assim, as condições de trabalho dos policiais militares podem, ao longo do tempo, prejudicar sua saúde e ocasionar altos índices de absenteísmo, motivados pela peculiaridade da atividade, levando ao envelhecimento funcional. Nesse contexto, por meio de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, baseada em resultados de pesquisas qualitativas e quantitativas, este artigo buscou aferir se o envelhecimento humano do efetivo pode gerar consequências para a qualidade da atividade policial militar. Foram encontrados trinta estudos, com base nos critérios de inclusão previamente definidos, e seis deles foram selecionados para a análise final, assim fazendo parte do escopo desta revisão. O estresse que o policial militar vivencia no curso do dia de labor varia em grau de intensidade, desde o momento em que inicia o serviço até o momento em que termina o seu turno. Além disso, em muitos casos, o profissional se depara com situações de ocorrências em andamento, em que não é possível transferir o serviço ao final do turno. A jornada noturna é ainda mais nociva para a saúde, gerando acréscimo de cansaço físico e mental, podendo levar ao agravamento de patologias e disfunções, como hipertensão arterial, úlcera péptica, obesidade e depressão, além de ter contribuições diretas no envelhecimento precoce desse policial. Diante disso, concluiu-se que as características únicas do trabalho do policial militar parecem influenciar o sofrimento e o envelhecimento dessa classe profissional, bem como o absenteísmo. Essas particularidades, a longo prazo, trazem consequências para a vida e saúde dos policiais, refletidas nos depoimentos desses profissionais, que avaliam o trabalho como cansativo e com nível de estresse sempre presente. Todos esses fatores podem influir na qualidade do serviço prestado à população e na eficiência dos índices de segurança pública.
Actualización curricular en innovacion social en un magíster profesional de una universidad pública chilena
Authors: Candia Julio González , Stefanin Gerda Tomic
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo expone la experiencia de incorporar una unidad temática de “innovación social” en el currículo de un Magíster profesional en el área de la innovación y el emprendimiento tecnológico de una universidad pública y estatal chilena. Desde la “Conferencia Mundial sobre la Ciencia” (2009) y en la “Declaración de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC)”, se gesta un hito clave para la planeación de Políticas de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, acordando que los respectivos sistemas nacionales se enfoquen en las necesidades fundamentales de las y los ciudadanos y, que las Políticas Públicas para la innovación, contemplen las dimensiones sociales en diversos ámbitos como un imperativo ético y estratégico considerándola como una dimensión transversal de sus actividades. Este trabajo responde a una experiencia profesional, que da cuenta de cómo, a través del rediseño curricular a nivel de actualización de contenidos y de las estrategias metodológicas de la unidad, se desarrollan en las y los estudiantes desempeños integrales orientados a resolver problemáticas sociales, experimentando así el armonizar trabajos intersectoriales e interdisciplinarios sostenibles y viables económicamente, incluso con la capacidad de aportar al diseño de futuras políticas públicas, generando así, un sello distintivo para las graduadas y graduados del programa.