bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rheumatic Exercise as a Nonpharmacological Therapy in Reducing Pain Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Elderly
Authors: Kurnia Ilham , Etlidawati
Published: January 2025

Changes that occur in the elderly include physical changes, including physical disorders such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). RA can be triggered by several stress factors, such as surgery and trauma, and often appears suddenly. The highest incidence of rheumatism is in the elderly, this shows that rheumatism increases with age. One of the non-pharmacological therapies to reduce rheumatic pain is rheumatic exercise. Qualitative research type, descriptive design with case study. Number of samples in the study of 5 respondents with total sampling technique. The data was analyzed and presented in the form of a frequency distribution table. Results: Respondent characteristics based on age showed that the majority were over 60 years old (80%). All respondents were female (100%), and the majority worked as farmers (60%). The average highest pain scale before rheumatic exercise was 4.6 and the highest after 3 days of rheumatic exercise was 3.3. Rheumatic exercise therapy can reduce the pain scale in elderly patients suffering from Rheumatoid Arthritis.
The Effect of Turmeric Tamarind Drink on Menstrual Pain Reduction in Adolescent Girls at SMP Islam Indonesia
Authors: Siyami Ana Soraya , Yuliani Diah Atmarina , Muflihah Ima Syamrotul , Achyar Khamidah
Published: January 2025

Menstrual pain in adolescents daughter show sufficient prevalence tall. In European countries, dysmenorrhea happen around 45-97% of women, with prevalence lowest in Bulgaria (8.8%) and highest in Finland (94%). Menstrual pain happen Because excessive amounts of prostaglandins. Content curcumine and anthocyanins in turmeric sour capable reduce release prostaglandins so that can lower painful menstruation in teenagers daughter. This use type study quasy experimental use design nonequivalent ik group design. Population in study This that is all over teenager daughter at Belik Islam Middle School who experienced it painful menstruation totaling 51 with amount sample of 42 teenagers daughter taken using purposive sampling technique. Analysis bivariate using the paired sample t test. This show that happen decline painful menstruation in teenagers daughter where p value = 0.000. The result is p value 0.000 < 0.05 which means there is influence drink turmeric sour to decline painful menstruation in teenagers daughter. There is change scale painful before and after in the control group and group experiments and there are influence drink turmeric sour to decline painful menstruation in teenagers daughter at Belik Islam Middle School.
Sustainable Education for Refugee Children: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Jamaludin Thandar Soe Sumaiyah , Nurumal Mohd. Said , Hassan Masmunaa , Win Kyu Kyu , Sutrisno Resti Yulianti
Published: January 2025

Refugee children are unable to access formal education like public schools due to their status with no citizenship. According to sustainable development goals (SGDs), everyone should have equal access to formal education. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sustainable education programmes for refugee children. Method: An educational programme was provided to refugee children by using a quasi-experimental approach with 27 refugee children for a period of 1 year. The program consisted of teaching sessions in four subjects: Malay language, mathematics, Islamic lessons, and science. Pre- and post-program assessments were used to measure changes in the children’s learning outcomes. Significant improvements were observed across all subjects. Malay language competency increased, with 36% of younger children and 44% of older children able to vocalize more than five alphabets post-program. In mathematics, all children could count from 1-10 post-program, with 80% mastering basic arithmetic. Islamic knowledge also improved, with 90% of children able to recite Surah Al-Fatihah correctly. In science, 75% of children could identify body parts accurately. The results indicate that structured educational interventions can significantly enhance the learning outcomes of refugee children. Future programs should focus on sustaining these efforts through partnerships and improving teacher training.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EXPRESSIVE WRITING THERAPY TERHADAP PENINGKATAN REGULASI EMOSI
Authors: Nabila Hannah , Sartika Dewi , Nugrahawati Eni Nuraeni
Published: January 2025

Perilaku melukai diri didasari oleh ketidakmampuan individu untuk menghadapi emosi negatif dengan cara yang adaptif. Kesulitan dalam menemukan coping membuat individu mencari cara yang dirasa paling cepat untuk mengurangi peningkatan emosi negatif. Perilaku melukai diri dapat menurunkan emosi negatif dan mendatangkan perasaan lega, namun cara ini menimbulkan luka fisik pada individu dan besar kemungkinan perilaku tersebut akan diulang oleh individu ketika kembali mengalami peningkatan emosi negatif. Jika hal ini terjadi secara terus menerus maka akan menurunkan rasa takut akan kematian dan akan berdampak pada peningkatan resiko bunuh diri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian expressive writing therapy terhadap peningkatan regulasi emosi dewasa awal yang melakukan NSSI. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah one group pretest-posttest, dengan jumlah subjek penelitian 5 orang. Sesi intervensi dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali pertemuan. DERS versi Bahasa Indonesia digunakan untuk mengukur regulasi emosi pada partisipan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian intervensi Expressive Writing Therapy (EWT). Data yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan uji statistika non-parametrik Wilcoxon Signed Rank. Hasil uji signifikansi menunjukkan p value= 0.042, dengan taraf kepercayaan α= 0.05. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan regulasi emosi secara signifikan pada individu dewasa awal yang melakukan non suicidal self injury (NSSI) setelah diberikannya intervensi Expressive Writing Therapy (EWT). Individu menjadi lebih mampu untuk mencari alternatif perilaku lain dalam menghadapi peningkatan emosi negatif.
PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA TERHADAP PROKRASTINASI PADA KARYAWAN DI KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Sari Meyritha Trifina
Published: January 2025

Dalam dunia kerja banyak factor penyebab pegawai melakukan penundaan dalam penyelesaian tugas. Salah satu factor adalah beban kerja yang dijalani oleh pegawai. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui secara empiris pengaruh beban kerja terhadap prokrastinasi pada karyawan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 121 karyawan perusahaan industri dan jasa di kota Samarinda. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan penetapan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data penelitian diperolah menggunakan dua jenis skala yaitu skala beban kerja dan skala prokrastinasi. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis regresi sederhana dengan bantuan program SPSS 22 for windows. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa beban kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap prokrastinasi pada karyawan dengan nilai p = 0.095 (p > 0,05). Pengaruh beban kerja terhadap prokrastinasi pada karyawan ditunjukkan oleh nilai R2 sebesar 0,037, yang berarti bahwa variabel prokrastinasi dipengaruhi oleh variabel beban kerja.
THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, TEACHER-STUDENT RELATIONSHIPS, PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT, AND CLASSROOM CLIMATE ON PRESCHOOLERS' SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Iskandar Yusuf
Published: January 2025

This research aims to examine the influence of emotional intelligence, teacher-student relationships, parental involvement, and classroom climate on the social-emotional development of Indonesian preschool children in Sukabumi Regency. A total of 80 preschool children and their parents were recruited as participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS. The results of the study showed that emotional intelligence, teacher-student relationships, parental involvement, and classroom climate have a positive and significant effect on the social-emotional development of Indonesian preschool children. Specifically, higher emotional intelligence, positive teacher-student relationships, greater parental involvement, and a positive classroom climate were associated with better socio-emotional development in preschool children. The findings highlight the importance of focusing on these factors in early childhood education programs to promote the social-emotional development of preschool children in Indonesia.
Pengaruh Literasi Kesehatan Mental Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Fakhriyani Diana Vidya
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) tingkat literasi kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa, (2) tingkat kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa, (3) pengaruh literasi kesehatan mental terhadap kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa, dan (4) perbedaan tingkat literasi kesehatan mental dan kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa, antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 257 orang mahasiswa yang diambil berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, berupa skala Literasi Kesehatan Mental (Mental Health Literacy Scale / MHLS) dan Inventori Kesehatan Mental (Mental Health Inventory / MHI). Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa pertama, mahasiswa memiliki tingkat literasi kesehatan mental yang beragam, yakni rendah, sedang, dan tinggi, di mana kategori tinggi merupakan jumlah terbanyak diantara kategori lainnya. Kedua, tingkat kesehatan mental mahasiswa sebagian besar berada pada kategori sedang. Meskipun terdapat tingkat kesehatan mental mahasiswa dalam kategori tinggi, namun ada sebagian mahasiswa yang memiliki tingkat kesehatan mental pada kategori rendah. Ketiga, literasi kesehatan mental tidak berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kondisi kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa. Keempat, tingkat literasi kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa, perempuan lebih tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki, sedangkan tingkat kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa antara laki-laki dan perempuan adalah cenderung sama.
PELATIHAN REGULASI EMOSI: UPAYA PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN REGULASI EMOSI PADA SISWA SMK
Authors: Fiqih Fikri Tahta Nurul , Ambarini Tri Kurniati
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelatihan regulasi emosi untuk meningkatkan keterampilan regulasi emosi pada siswa SMK. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest-posttest design. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan terpilih sebanak 21 partisipan sebagai kelompok eksperimen. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk pretest dan posttest adalah skala Emotion Regulation Questionnare (ERQ) yang terdiri dari 10 item, dengan 6 item mengukur strategi cognitive reappraisal dan 4 item mengukur strategi expressive supression. Pelatihan regulasi emosi dilaksanakan sebanyak 6 sesi dengan beberpa metode seperti ceramah, diskusi dan roleplay. Hasil analisis data menggunakan paired sample test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada kelompok eksperimen sebelum dan sesudah intervensi, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan regulasi dapat meningkatkan keteranpilan regulasi emosi siswa.
PENGARUH EGO DEPLETION TERHADAP KREATIVITAS MAHASISWA
Authors: Sumbaga Marchelina Febe
Published: January 2025

Setiap individu pada hakikatnya menginginkan yang namanya keberhasilan di dalam hidupnya. Namun pada realitanya, akan ada banyak halangan yang terjadi pada saat individu ingin mencapai keberhasilan tersebut. Keseluruhan hal ini mampu untuk mempengaruhi individu baik secara fisik hingga psikis (Robson, 2023). Konflik dan dilema di seperti kondisi diatas bukanlah sesuatu yang bersifat anecdotal (Li et al., 2022). banyak pendapat yang mengatakan bahwa mahasiswa adalah individu-individu yang rentan mengalami ego depletion ini dikarenakan banyak tugas perkuliahan, tuntutan akademik, tuntutan orangtua/lingkungan, pengelolaan keuangan, hingga masalah interpersonal dan masih banyak lagi lainnya. hal ini akan mempengaruhi dari prestasi akademik, pemecahan masalah, kegagalan memenuhi tugas, kurangnya fokus/konsentrasi untuk belajar, hingga penurunan fungsi kognitif (Yang, 2022). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah eksperiment yang dimana kita membagi 2 kelompok yang masing masing berisikan 10 anggota dimana kelompok A merupakan kelompok kontrol dan B merupakan kelompok eksperimen. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ego deplemention memiliki pengaruh terhadap kreativitas yang dimana jika semakin banyak ego depletion terhadap seseorang maka kreativitas akan menurun, sedangkan semakin sedikit ego depletion terhadap seseorang maka kreativitas akan meningkat,
Evaluating Three Injection Sites for Sedation/Anesthesia Using Ketamine-Xylazine in C57BL/6 Mice (Mus musculus): Intraperitoneal, Subcutaneous Interscapular, and Subcutaneous GV20 Acupuncture Sites
Authors: Teng Michael Z , Oliver Vanessa L , Zhang Emily Q , Pang Daniel S J
Published: January 2025

Mice are commonly anesthetized (or sedated) with drugs injected via the intraperitoneal or subcutaneous interscapular routes. The Governing Vessel 20 (GV20) site, located at the top of the head, is an alternative subcutaneous injection route, shown to be successful in dogs and cats. In a multicenter, randomized, blinded study design, C57BL/6 mice (n = 66: 60 males, 6 females) were assigned to injection with ketamine (60 mg/kg) and xylazine (5 mg/kg). Injection distributions were as follows: site 1, GV20 (n = 10) and intraperitoneal (n = 9); site 2, GV20 (n = 16), interscapular subcutaneous (n = 15), and intraperitoneal (n = 16). Outcome measures were times to ataxia, sternal recumbency, and the loss of righting reflex. Data from sites 1 and 2 were pooled following confirmation that there were no significant differences (Mann–Whitney test). Outcome measures were compared between injection routes with a Kruskal–Wallis test followed by a Dunn multiple comparisons test. Results are reported as median (range) times. Intraperitoneal injection was faster acting than the other injection routes, and there were no significant differences between the GV20 and interscapular subcutaneous routes: ataxia (GV20, 187.0 s [120 to 272]; subcutaneous, 165.0 s [120 to 372]; intraperitoneal, 88.5 s [58 to 171]), sternal recumbency (GV20, 305.5 s [153 to 400], subcutaneous, 305.0 s [249 to 384]; intraperitoneal, 184.5 s [120 to 397]), loss of righting reflex (GV20, 399.0 s [208 to 589]; subcutaneous, 347.0 s [249 to 468]; intraperitoneal, 190.0 s [142 to 402]). In summary, the GV20 subcutaneous injection route does not appear to have benefits compared with the intraperitoneal route and is not superior to the interscapular subcutaneous injection route in C57BL/6 mice when evaluated using a combination of ketamine and xylazine.
Afterword to the Interview that Took Place More than Thirty Years Ago
Authors: Komlev Sergey
Published: January 2025

The article reproduces the text of the author's interview with A. A. Konyus, Doctor of Economic sciences, which took place in the late 1980s, during the years of perestroika and glasnost when it became possible to return the undeservedly forgotten names of Soviet economists who had become victims of political repression. A. A. Konyus shared his memories about the activities of the Institute of Conjuncture of the People's Commissariat of Finance, which in the 1920s was headed by N. D. Kondratieff. The Institute set itself the task of studying the conjuncture of the world and domestic economy in order to control spontaneous processes in the economic life and in the sphere of financial regulation of the country with the help of dirigiste methods. Special attention was paid to the methods of constructing indices of ‘free’ market prices.
To the History of N. D. Kondratieff's Private Collection in the Russian State Archive of Economics
Authors: Tyurina Еlena А.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the history of the return of the name of an outstanding scientist N. D. Kondratieff to economic science. The Russian State Archive of Economics together with the International Fund named after him took an active part in the preservation of the famous economist's legacy. The ‘Selected Works’ of N. D. Kondratieff published in 1993 contains a section with the documents fr om the funds of The Russian State Archive of Economics. The acceptance for permanent storage of the collections of repressed economists and especially N. D. Kondratieff's private archive, as well as the publication in 2004 of his ‘Suzdal Letters’ was a significant event for the archive. The author introduces the reader to the unpredictability of archival research, the importance of ‘discoveries’ that constantly accompany archivists in their work.
Nikolai Kondratieff: In the Millstones of History
Authors: Ageyev Аlexander I.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the reasons for the arrest, strategy and tactics of the investigation, as well as the evolution of N. D. Kondratieff's behaviour and views. It also raises the question of the correlation between fiction and reality in his criminal case.
Kondratieff’s Mystery
Authors: Grinin Leonid E. , Devezas Tessaleno C. , Korotayev Andrey V.
Published: January 2025

The article presents some facts from biography of Nikolai Kondratieff, an outstanding Russian economist.
Which Countries Generate Kondratieff Waves in Global GDP Growth Rate Dynamics in the Contemporary World?
Authors: Korotayev Andrey V. , Bilyuga Stanislav E. , Shishkina Alisa R.
Published: January 2025

It is shown that the Kondratieff wave dynamics in the growth rates of global GDP is generated now by the developing countries, while in the previous era the Kondratieff dynamics was generated primarily by the most economically developed countries of the First World. We re-visit the question of the presence of the Kondratieff waves in the world GDP dynamics. We find that, though in the post 1960 series they are quite visible at the global level, they are hardly visible in the GDP growth rates of the economically developed countries where the Kondratieff wave component (still detectable with special techniques) is almost entirely overwhelmed by the secular trend towards the decline of the GDP growth rates. After analyzing how much this trend is connected with the decline of the population growth rates and the decline of the share of investments in GDP, we move to the analysis of the Kondratieff waves in the GDP growth rates of the developing countries where they turn out to be much more pronounced and visible, which allows us to conclude that the K-waves are currently generated by the Third World. We also show that in the developing countries a pronounced Kondratieff wave dynamics is accompanied by an overall upward trend (that stands in sharp contrast with the pronounced downward trend observed in the developed economies). Finally, we analyze Kondratieff waves in the efficiency of investments as well as demographic characteristics of the developing countries, which allows us to forecast that the GDP growth rates in the developing countries are likely to also step on the downward secular trend starting with the sixth Kondratieff wave.
Chat-GPT (ИИ): мышление, понимание, бытие?
Authors: Левицкий Виктор Сергеевич
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена вопросу наличия мышления и понимания у Chat-GPT в частности и искусственного интеллекта вообще. Учитывая инновационность и потенциал больших языковых моделей, вначале автор анализирует возможные вызовы и угрозы, которые могут исходить от стремительно развивающейся технологии. Однако рассуждения относительно рисков Chat-GPT в конечном счете «выходят» на вопрос о наличии у него мышления и понимания. Для прояснения этого вопроса автор обратился с ним к самому Chat-GPT, ответ которого напоминает скорее мысленный эксперимент «Китайская комната».
Такой результат делает необходимым постановку вопроса о специфике человеческого мышления/понимания. В статье показано, что те исследователи, которые наделяют ИИ (Chat-GPT) возможностью мышления/понимания, связывают эти способности с умением корректно пользоваться словами. Соответственно, в таком случае ИИ может мыслить/понимать и эти процессы у него никак принципиально не отличаются от человеческих. Однако автор солидаризируется с противоположным подходом и обосновывает позицию, согласно которой мышление/понимание не сводится к умению пользоваться словами. Для человека понимание – это не только логическая операция, но способ бытия в мире. В акте понимания для человека также всегда присутствует онтологический акт утверждения сущего.
В связи с этим делается вывод, что, по крайней мере, по состоянию на сегодняшний день понимание в человеческом смысле для Chat-GPT (ИИ) недоступно не по техническим, а по концептуальным причинам.
К вопросу о законах робототехники А. Азимова
Authors: Карпов Валерий Эдуардович
Published: January 2025

Работа посвящена обсуждению некоторых аспектов известных законов робототехники А. Азимова. Раскрыто утверждение о том, что рассуждения о противоречиях законов, их критика не являются конструктивными и что сам автор этих законов понимал существующие коллизии формулировок крайне глубоко. В работе показано, что поведение азимовских роботов определяется не столько этими законами, сколько особенностями их эмоционально-потребностной архитектуры. При этом сами законы тесно связаны с вопросами этики автономных/интеллектуальных систем. Кроме того, азимовские законы вскрывают ряд сугубо технических проблем, которые не решены до сих пор. В частности, нерешенным остается вопрос о том, на каком уровне должны быть реализованы этические императивы поведения робота.
Умирание как модальность Другого: деменция с точки зрения психо-аналитической антропологии
Authors: Щербачев Дмитрий Кириллович
Published: January 2025

В предлагаемой вниманию читателя статье предпринимается попытка рассмотрения синдрома деменции с перспективы психоаналитической философской антропологии и этики. Деменция определяется как состояние психики, находящейся в процессе постепенного, но необратимого распада. Этот процесс затрагивает и когнитивную, и аффективную сферу, в связи с чем можно говорить о деградации субъектности как таковой. Одним из ее проявлений выступает сниженный или полностью отсутствующий критицизм таких больных в отношении своего состояния: таким образом, деменция функционирует лишь как феномен чужого сознания, во взгляде извне. Опираясь на концептуальное различение маленького и большого Другого, предложенное Ж. Лаканом, автор отмечает, что дементный больной продолжает функционировать для окружающих в качестве большого Другого, но приобретает исключительные черты: его инаковость постепенно начинает сводиться к эксцессам умирания. В результате для субъекта, осуществляющего за ним уход, формируется уникальная ситуация вынужденной близости со смертью как с модальностью Другого, провоцирующая в нем одновременно и персекуторную, и депрессивную тревогу. Высказывается предположение, что оптимальным, но самым трудноосуществимым способом ее преодоления для субъекта является формирование подлинно любовного отношения, которое выстраивалось бы вокруг принятия хрупкости Другого как ключевого аспекта его инаковости.
How Valid, Really? A Meta-Analysis of the Validity Evidence of Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) Self-Report Assessments
Authors: Backfisch Iris , Scherer Ronny , Schneider Jürgen , Lachner Andreas
Published: January 2025

Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) plays a central role for teacher training and measuring teachers’ preparedness for technology-enhanced teaching. Hence, crafting a validity argument of the popular TPACK self-assessments is key to facilitating evidence-based practices in these areas. However, the existing body of validity evidence abounds in divergent findings, for instance on the factor structure of TPACK self-reports across pre- and in-service teacher samples. To synthesize this evidence and capture its heterogeneity, we conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis. First, we examined the internal validity of TPACK by analyzing its factor structure using meta-analytic structural equation and network modeling. Second, we compared two theoretical models describing the relations among the TPACK dimension—the transformative and integrative models—against the data. Third, we assessed the external validity of self-reported TPCK by examining its correlation with actual technology use in teaching. Our findings revealed two distinguishable dimensions of TPACK for both pre- and in-service teacher samples, which represented the technological and non-technological dimensions. The integrative model provided an overall better fit to the data. Moreover, TPACK self-reports were moderately correlated with technology use (r ̅s = 0.23-0.49) and exhibited substantial heterogeneity. Our results underscore the importance of generating and considering both internal and external validity evidence when applying TPACK assessments to generate implications for educational research and practice.
Against Unconscious Mental Imagery in Aphantasia
Authors: Scholz Christian Oliver , Monzel Merlin , Liu Jianghao
Published: January 2025

Zeman’s recent TiCS review [1] expertly summarized the theoretical and empirical literature onaphantasia. As part of his review, Zeman discusses the view proposed by Nanay [2], thataphantasics may have unconscious mental imagery. This view was recently defended in a TiCSletter by Michel and colleagues [3], who consider it to be “clearly superior to other views” (p. 1).However, we argue that the current debate about unconscious imagery ignores emergingneuroimaging evidence which consistently points to non-perception-like neural representationsduring imagery attempts in aphantasia. Specifically, we caution against interpretations of theactivity of the visual cortex as a sufficient indicator for unconscious imagery in aphantasia, bydrawing attention to the importance of representational overlap and cross-decodability betweenimagery and perception.
A Statistical Experimentum Crucis: Competing-Contrast Analysis with the R Package cofad
Authors: Henninger Mirka , Malejka Simone , Titz Johannes
Published: January 2025

Researchers in psychology traditionally use analysis of variance to examine differences between multiple groups or conditions. A less well-known, but valuable alternative is contrast analysis — a simple statistical method to test directional, a priori specified hypotheses that were defined prior to data collection. In this article, we review the core concepts of contrast analysis for testing hypotheses in between-subjects and within-subjects designs. We also outline the largely unknown possibility to directly test two competing contrasts against each other. This test offers a simple, but yet overlooked statistical supplement to experimentum crucis designs in experimental research, that is, experimental designs in which the result rules out one of two competing hypotheses. In the tutorial part of the article, we show how such competing-contrast analyses can be conducted in the free, open-source software R using the package cofad . Because competing-contrast analysis is a straightforward, flexible, highly powered, and hypothesis-driven approach, it is a valuable tool to extend the understanding of cognitive and behavioral processes in psychological research.
A Critical Ecosystemic-Neurodiversity Analysis of Considerations for Autistic People in Tropical Weather-Disaster Contexts
Authors: Bolton Matthew J. , Hanes Stacie H.
Published: January 2025

The U.S. government Weather-Ready Nation program (WRN), now in its second decade, scaffolds a structure for enhanced services to increase the general public’s individual and collective protective action-taking against extreme weather conditions. We and others have over the last decade worked towards a diversifying of WRN efforts with respect to the implementation of messaging and response strategies for disabled and neurodivergent populations. Still, despite the meteorological interest of disability studies scholars, no work has examined the vulnerabilities and needs of autistic people in tropical weather situations. Here, we begin to redress this gap with preliminary discussion and analysis through the lenses of critical autism studies and trauma-informed theory.
Longitudinal Effects of Digital Interactions on Adolescent Social Competence
Authors: Mýlek Vojtěch , Dedkova Lenka , Dienlin Tobias , Schouten Alexander
Published: January 2025

It remains unclear whether online communication improves or diminishes adolescents’ social skills. While longitudinal studies favor improvement, they do not separate within- and between-person effects, which precludes causal interpretations. Moreover, few studies consider that communication with different people may have different impacts. This preregistered longitudinal study examined how the frequency of online communication with offline friends and online acquaintances (i.e., people known exclusively from the internet) impacts adolescents’ social self-efficacy. Survey data were collected from 2,500 11-16-year-olds (M = 13.43, SD = 1.70; 50.0% girls) over three waves (June 2021-June 2022) and analyzed with random intercept cross-lagged panel models. Contrary to the hypotheses, we found no evidence that changes in online communication frequency predict changes in social self-efficacy (or vice versa), regardless of the communication partner. Nevertheless, socially self-efficacious adolescents communicate more online, though only with offline friends. This implies that talking to online acquaintances is similarly accessible for adolescents with varying social skills.
The Practical Promise and Ethical Perils of AI Companionship
Authors: Jakobsen Glenn
Published: January 2025

With the rise of highly engaging large language models (LLMs) also known as chat-bots, comes an ethical paradox. Against the backdrop of a global epidemic of loneliness, For some, AI in this form offers an “emotional rescue.” The promise of connection and emotional support is juxtaposed against the potential of eroding genuine human connection. At a time in which nearly every headline hails the coming of AI, an emotional crisis looms. This paper examines both the promise and perils of AI companionship and explores the ethical and practical dimensions of AI-human bonding. Drawing on philosophical, psychological and ethical perspectives, the paper demonstrates the tension between the immediate satisfaction of social interaction and risk of deepening social isolation. It argues for prioritizing human connection, ethical guidelines, and a hybrid approach when appropriate. This paper ultimately challenges the idea that AI can replace the complexities of human relationships and urges consideration of the ethical dilemmas inherent in artificial friendship and empathy.
Towards Quality Education
Authors: Dhamala Bhupa P.
Published: January 2025

Not available.
Motivational Access to the Use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Teaching Economics
Authors: Joshi Bishnu Maya , Khatiwada Shambhu Prasad
Published: January 2025

This paper focuses on motivational access to information and communication technology (ICT) in teaching economics at Tribhuvan University of Nepal. ICT integration has become an integral part of the contemporary educational landscape. It is emerging as a transformative force in teaching and learning activities. Motivational access refers to the individual's interest, desire, and intention to engage with ICTs. The use of ICTs by educators to increase their sense of achievement and success in teaching and learning is known as motivation. The theoretical lens of this study is Van Dijk’s resource and appropriation theory. For this purpose, a cross-sectional research design and structured Google Form questionnaires were administered to 404 economics teachers. The methods involve a rigorous statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, one-sample t-tests, and ANOVA, to explore differences in motivational access based on socio-demographic characteristics. This paper develops some key indicators to analyze teachers' perceptions of the usefulness of ICT, such as ICT as an effective teaching tool, its support for diverse teaching and learning styles, and its ability to solve educational problems. The findings reveal that most economics teachers perceived a higher level of usefulness of ICT in their teaching. They believed that ICT support would enhance creativity, facilitate communication, and increase access to knowledge. However, motivation is determined by additional income, gender, teaching faculty, teaching level, qualification, job nature, and computer availability for using ICT. To bridge gaps in motivational access and enhance ICT integration, this study recommends targeted professional development programs, equitable access to ICT resources, and the inclusion of motivational incentives in educational policies to encourage sustained use of ICT in teaching.
Understanding Second Language Writing Research: A Methodological Perspective
Authors: Pandey Gopal Prasad
Published: January 2025

Second language (L2) writing research is a dynamic field that explores the complex interplay between linguistic, cognitive and sociocultural dimensions of writing in a non-native language. This paper explores the diverse paradigms, methods and methodologies used in L2 writing studies, emphasizing their contextual relevance and purpose-driven applications. The paper underlines the importance of aligning research designs with specific objectives and contexts by situating these approaches within theoretical frameworks such as cognitive process theory, sociocultural theory, and genre theory. It categorizes key methods including elicitation, introspection, observation and text analysis with practical insights for novice researchers. Additionally, it reviews methodological designs like experimental studies, ethnography and action research, discussing their applications and implications for understanding writing development, challenges and pedagogical practices. The paper emphasizes the need for tailored approaches that consider the diverse needs of L2 learners and the multifaceted nature of writing. By integrating theoretical insights with practical guidelines, the article serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers aiming to contribute to the evolving field of L2 writing. This work bridges theoretical and methodological considerations, fostering a deeper understanding of the principles guiding research on second language writing.
Kohbar Painting of Mithila, Nepal: A Study of Intangible Cultural Heritage
Authors: Dulal Lok Nath , Adhikari Radha , Singh Sapna
Published: January 2025

Kohbar is a kind of painting that was created specifically on the wall and the floor of homes, and other monuments in the Mithila region. For this reason, it is regarded as an incredible piece of Maithili cultural art history. Thus, this paper has been produced to address the gaps and issues with the major goal to examine and highlight the idea of Kohbar painting, as well as its history, practices, creation techniques, types of materials, typologies, symbols, significance and an intangible cultural heritage unique to Mithila region and Nepal. The cultural importance and symbolic connotations that are woven into the elaborate patterns and motifs of Kohbar art have been explored in this study. Likewise, this study investigates the historical development, socio-cultural background, and ceremonial elements connected to Kohbar art using an interdisciplinary approach that combines art history, anthropology, and intangible cultural studies. Furthermore, this study looks at the relevance and difficulties that Kohbar art still faces today in the context of modernity and globalization, highlighting the importance of cultural revitalization and preservation initiatives. This article bases on qualitative information acquired in the form of both the primary and secondary data. The primary data have been collected from the Janakpur arts and culturally related stakeholders by using interview and group discussion whereas the secondary information has generated through the literature review.
Hippocampal Dot Sign in Transient Global Amnesia: A Neurologist's Experience
Authors: Anandan Somarajan , Rajendran Sajeesh S. , Danworapong Wananwat , Sarojam Manoj Krishnan , Alexander John
Published: January 2025

Transient global amnesia, coined by Fisher and Adams, is characterized by a sudden, complete inability to retain new information, lasting for several hours, in a middle-aged or older person, with preservation of alertness and all other cognitive functions. It affects 3 to 10 persons per 100,000 people. It has a benign prognosis with low rates of recurrence. MRI brain taken during the episode is often normal and often shows dot like diffusion restriction in hippocampus when MRI brain is taken 24 to 72 hours after the ictus. Presence of hippocampal dot sign is helpful in confirming the diagnosis of TGA and ruling out the usual differential diagnosis.
AI-based Interventions for Mental Health: Current Scenario and Future Prospects
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Ranjan Nihar M , Shah Siddhartha Kr , Sarkar Neha
Published: January 2025

Modern artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning in particular, is being used to create prediction, diagnostic, and treatment solutions for mental health care in light of the growing popularity of digital approaches to mental health. Due to their prevalence, depression and anxiety represent the two main mental health conditions that have been the subject of most digital phenotyping research.
Chatbots have been used for mental health issues since the 1990s, but their effectiveness remains unknown due to their early stages, though some early studies suggest improvement in anxiety and depression. ChatGPT and other AI platforms have potential applications in various industries, including mental health, and are rapidly expanding.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve accessibility and reduce costs for mental health services by utilizing smartphones. With the increasing use of smartphones, AI systems can be used to diagnose mental illnesses, identify them at a prodromal stage, personalize medicines, and empower individuals in their care. However, AI must address challenges such as bias, privacy, transparency, and ethical concerns. These goals reflect human wisdom and the stronger connection between individual and community well-being than IQ. In the future, AI may develop technology that enables more empathetic and morally upstanding care for various groups, reflecting the importance of human wisdom in addressing mental health issues.
More work is required to bridge the gap between clinical treatment and AI in mental health research, while caution must be exercised to avoid overinterpreting early findings.
Glycemic Status and its effect on outcome of neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Nanda Kishwor , Shrestha Soni , Chaudhary Suryakant , Khanal Dikchhya , Chaudhary Jyoti Kumari
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of infection with or without accompanying bacteremia in the first month of life. Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions and neonatal deaths. Glucose remains the major source of energy for neonates and neonate’s brain is largely dependent upon glucose. Altered blood glucose level is common in neonatal sepsis. Both high and low blood glucose level is found to have significant negative impact on outcome of neonatal sepsis and is associated with high mortality. Altered blood glucose level is common in neonatal sepsis.
AIMS This study aimed to determine the effect of glycemic status on outcome of neonatal sepsis in terms of mortality and duration of hospital stay.
METHODS A prospective observational study was performed over a period of one year in 91 neonates admitted with diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit (NIMCU) and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Kanti Children’s Hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Random blood glucose was sent along with other investigations while performing septic screening before infusing intravenous fluids or other medications. These neonates were followed in NIMCU or NICU and immediate outcome and duration of hospital admission were recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 23.
RESULTS Of total 91 neonates included in the study, altered glycemic status was present in 15% cases with hypoglycemia in 12% cases and hyperglycemia in 3% cases. Mortality among hypoglycemic neonates was high (9%) in comparison to normoglycemic neonates (4%) but the difference in mortality among these two groups was not statistically significant (p-value=0.44). Mortality among hyperglycemic neonates was significantly high (33%) in comparison to normoglycemic neonates (4%), which is statistically significant (p value=0.02). The median length of hospital admission among normoglycemic, hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic neonates was 7(3-21) days, 5(4-22) days and 5(5-9) days respectively, which is not statistically significant (p value=0.74)
CONCLUSIONS Altered glycemic status is common in neonatal sepsis. Mortality is significantly high in septic neonates with hyperglycemia
विष्णुधर्मोत्तरपुराणे काव्यतत्त्वम्
Authors: कोइराला Koirala गुरुप्रसाद Guruprasad
Published: January 2025

विश्ववाङ्‌मये संस्कृतवाङ्‌मयं सर्वप्राचीनं मन्यते । अत्र श्रुतिस्मृतिपुराणमयी यादृशी सम्पत्तिर्विद्यते तादृशी अन्यत्र भाषावाङ्‌मयेषु दुर्लभा एव ज्ञायते । श्रुतिसाहित्यस्यावज्ञाने काठिन्यमनुभूयते । तस्य परिबोधने ब्राह्मणोपनिषदारण्यका ग्रन्था विकसिताः । तेषामपि ज्ञानवञ्चिता जिज्ञासवः सरलतया प्रतिपादितान् पुराणग्रन्थानधीत्य तत्र स्थितान् सुबोध्यान् कथादिकान् संश्रुत्य वा अनायासेन ज्ञानवैभवमाप्नुवन्ति । तत्र सुपात्रैः संयोजितासु कथासु प्रतिपादितान् ब्रह्मविद्यादिगभीरज्ञानविषयान् सामान्यजना अपि सारल्येन जानन्ति । तस्मात् पौरस्त्यसाहित्यपरम्परायां पौराणिकग्रन्थानां महत्त्वमन्यूनं वरीवर्ति । एतत्क्रमे काव्यशास्त्रस्य जटिलविषया अपि पौराणिकग्रन्थे प्रतिपाद्य जनसाधारणानां कृतेऽपि सुबोध्याः कृता विद्यते । प्रसङ्गेऽस्मिन् प्रथमतोऽग्निपुराणमायाति । महापुराणेऽस्मिन् प्रायः सर्वे काव्यशास्त्रीयविषयाः प्रतिपादिताः सन्ति । तदनु विष्णुधर्मोत्तराख्ये उपपुराणे काव्यशास्त्रीयविषयाः प्रतिपादिता लभ्यन्ते । अधुना नेपालसंस्कृतविश्वविद्यालयेन साहित्यविषयस्य शास्त्रीस्तरीयपाठ्यक्रमे विष्णुधर्मोत्तरपुराणस्य काव्यशास्त्रीयांशस्य पाठ्यवस्तुत्वेन स्थापितत्वात् सान्दर्भिकमिति विचार्यास्यांशस्यात्र विवेचनं क्रियते । पुराणेऽस्मिन् प्रतिपादिताः केचिद् विषयाः काव्यशास्त्रीयग्रन्थे विवेचितेषु विषयेषु साम्यं भजन्ते । कतिचिद् नूतनत्वं प्रकाशयन्ति । अतोऽत्र के काव्यशास्त्रीयविषयाः प्रतिपादिताः सन्ति ? तेषां काव्यशास्त्रीयग्रन्थैः सह कीदृशः सम्बन्धः ? इत्यादिविषयं विश्लिष्य तथ्यनिस्सारणं क्रियते । अध्ययनेऽस्मिन् पुस्तकालयीयसामग्रीमुपयुज्य काव्यशास्त्रपुराणयो विवेचितान् काव्यशास्त्रीयविषयान् विनिभाल्य तुलनात्मक-विश्लेषण-व्याख्यात्मकविधिभिः समधीत्य विष्णुधर्मोत्तरपुराणस्य काव्यशास्त्रीयांशस्य अन्य काव्यशास्त्रीयग्रन्थेषु सम्बन्धात्मकं तथ्यं निष्काष्यते ।
आधुनिक नेपालमा व्यक्तिगत आयकर प्रणाली समस्या र समाधान
Authors: अधिकारी Adhikari कृष्णगोपाल Krishna Gopal
Published: January 2025

राज्य सञ्चालनका लागि र राष्ट्रको ढुकुटीलाई बलियो बनाउन शासनव्यवस्थाको युगदेखि नै राज्यले कर उठाउने प्रक्रिया प्रारम्भ गरेको इतिहासको अध्ययनबाट थाहा पाउन सकिन्छ । नेपालमा पनि कर व्यवस्थालाई संस्थागत गर्न व्यक्तिगत तथा संस्थागत कर सङ्कलन गर्ने गरेको पाइन्छ । नेपालको कर व्यवस्थाले राजश्वमा दोस्रो महत्त्वपूर्ण भाग आयकरले ओगटेको छ । नेपालमा जनताको व्यक्तिगत आम्दानीमा कर लगाउने प्रचलनको सुरुवात वि.सं. २०१६/०१७ देखि प्रारम्भ भएको पाइन्छ । यसै आर्थिक वर्षदेखि बिर्ता उन्मूलन गरी आधुनिक आयकर प्रणालीको सुरुवात भएको मानिन्छ । हाल नेपालमा आयकर ऐन, २०५८ लागू भएको छ जसमा हरेक वर्ष केही न केही संशोधन हुँदै आएको छ । यस लेखको मुख्य उद्देश्य नेपालको आयकर प्रणालीमा देखा परेका समस्या तथा ती समस्याहरूको समाधान केलाउनु रहेको छ । यस अध्ययनमा आयकरका विश्वव्यापी सिद्धान्त तथा मान्यताहरूलाई आधार मानी आयकरका समस्या तथा समाधान केलाउनका लागि वर्णनात्मक तथा विश्लेषणात्मक विधिहरूको प्रयोग गरी प्राप्त ज्ञान तथा सीपको प्रयोग गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । व्यक्तिगत आयकर प्रणालीको गणना तथा सङ्कलनमा देखिएका चुनौतीहरूमा साँघुरो आयकरको क्षेत्र, संस्थागत क्षेत्रबाट प्रयाप्त कर सङ्कलन नहुनु, आय सङ्कलनको आधारभूत विधि नहुनु, मुद्रास्फीतिलाई समय सापेक्ष नहेरिनु जस्ता समस्याहरू पाइएका छन् । यी समस्याहरूलाई समाधान गर्न कर संरचनामा सुधार, सामाजिक सुरक्षा करको खारेजी, करको आधार विस्तार, अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय करमा सुधार जस्ता कार्यहरू गर्न जरुरी छ ।
Reviving Kirāta Myths: Symbols and Aesthetics in Birendra Rai's Poems
Authors: Regmi Diwakar
Published: January 2025

This research article digs into the captivating realm of Kirāta myths as reflected in the selected poems of Birendra Rai. The study aims to shed light on the cultural significance of Rai's poetic works, particularly in preserving and reviving the rich tapestry of Kirāta myths, while also examining the intricate interplay of symbols and aesthetics within his selected poems. Through a comprehensive analysis, this research explores mythical elements and themes in Rai's poem, unravelling the layers of symbols and their cultural meanings. Furthermore, the article investigates the aesthetics employed by Rai, revealing how his poetic craftsmanship enhances the profound essence of Kirāta myths. Analysing the connection of aesthetics with mythical contents, this research highlights Rai's exceptional contributions to preserving Kirāta cultural heritage. The article discusses the implications of such literary endeavours for the Kirāta community, especially the Cāmliṅa Rais, and beyond. This study not only serves as a testament to the enduring power of myth and poetry but also emphasises the role of literature in safeguarding and revitalising cultural traditions for generations to come.
Trump’s Pre-Inauguration Rhetoric: A Neo-Colonial Blueprint Through Critical Theory
Authors: Namboodiri K M Vishnu , GK Agney
Published: January 2025

This article critically examines Donald Trump’s pre-inauguration rhetoric through the lens of critical theory, uncovering its neo-colonial and capitalist underpinnings. Drawing from the theoretical contributions of Jürgen Habermas, Louis Althusser, Kwame Nkrumah, Immanuel Wallerstein, and Guy Debord, the analysis demonstrates how Trump’s economic and militaristic declarations perpetuate global capitalist dominance. His rhetoric exemplifies the colonization of the lifeworld, the operation of ideological state apparatuses, and the spectacle of power, all of which work together to reproduce and legitimize neo-colonial exploitation. The synthesis of these critical theories provides a comprehensive critique, highlighting the ideological and structural mechanisms that sustain global inequalities and calling for a praxis of resistance towards a more equitable global order.
“I Used to Be Able to Find the Light”: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Lived Experiences of Student Affairs Professionals
Authors: Squeglia Sara L.
Published: January 2025

The field of student affairs has been characterized by high levels of attrition, burnout, compassion fatigue, and a lack of appreciation and recognition for its dedicated and highly skilled professionals. The COVID-19 pandemic magnified and intensified these tensions, and a high percentage of student affairs practitioners are considering leaving the field entirely. Using an interpretative phenomenological analysis framework, this study seeks to explore the lived experiences of student affairs professionals on the front line of the student experience at varying professional levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings include the shifting nature of student affairs work, how a sense of powerlessness has impacted practitioner identity and influenced the priorities and goals of professionals in the field, and how impactful leadership and support are on practitioner retention. Recommendations include establishing consistency and transparency in student affairs roles and developing formal reward systems within the field. These recommendations have the potential to guide leaders and human resource officers in cultivating supportive and healthy campus environments that retain and uplift student affairs professionals.