bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Permasalahan Hukum dalam Perlindungan Ekosistem Karst di Indonesia (Studi Kasus : Ekosistem Karst Sangkulirang – MangkaliHat, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur)
Authors: Widyaningsih Grita Anindarini
Published: April 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji apakah peraturan perundang - undangan maupun kebijakan yang ditetapkan maupun dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah telah didesain untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap Ekosistem Karst di Indonesia dari ancaman kerusakan lingkungan. Adapun untuk mempersempit ruang pembahasan, tulisan ini mengambil studi kasus pada Ekosistem Karst Sangkulirang-Mangkalihat, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur, yang saat ini tengah mengalami ancaman kerusakan
Konteks Politik Hukum di Balik Percepatan Penetapan Hutan Adat: Catatan Ke Arah Transisi 2019
Authors: Wicaksono Muki T , Malik Malik
Published: April 2020

Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.35/PUU-X/2012, tahapan baru bagi masyarakat adat sebagai subjek pengelola hutan adat berdampak positif terhadap transformasi pengelolaan kawasan hutan dan sumber daya alam di Indonesia. Konteks politik-hukum menjadi hal yang penting untuk dipahami secara historis dan kontekstual dalam melihat beragam strategi yang dilakukan oleh NGO dalam mendorong pengakuan bagi masyarakat adat di dalam kawasan hutan. Tulisan ini muncul dari hasil observasi penulis selama kurun waktu 2015-2017 atas arah advokasi NGO pegiat masyarakat adat di Indonesia dalam proses regularisasi tentang hutan adat. Berfokus pada proses regularisasi sebagai proses sosial, tulisan ini menelaah dinamika Pasca keluarnya Putusan MK 35 yang mengoreksi UU No.41/1999 tentang kehutanan, yang kini memposisikan ‘hutan adat adalah berada terpisah dari hutan negara’. Dengan memahami proses terbentuknya aturan sebagai sebuah proses sosial, tulisan ini melihat sebuah produk hukum sebagai dokumen yang hidup dan menghasilkan perubahan sosial dalam menempatkan masyarakat adat sebagai subjek pengelola kawasan hutan. Berfokus pada 215 produk hukum daerah tentang masyarakat adat selama kurun waktu 1979-2017, dan proses penetapan hutan adat oleh Negara, tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa pentingnya mendorong proses regularisasi dalam bentuk diskresi yang efektif untuk mengisi kekosongan hukum pada upaya percepatan penetapan hutan adat di Indonesia. Upaya tersebut telah dilakukan oleh NGO pegiat masyarakat adat dengan melakukan sejumlah advokasi untuk mendorong kebijakan di tingkat daerah, kementerian, hingga peraturan perundang-undangan di tingkat nasional. Pada akhir bagian, tulisan ini memperlihatkan salah satu inisiatif NGO dalam mewacanakan konsep Areal Konservasi Kelola Masyarakat (AKKM atau ICCAs) sebagai salah satu strategi untuk melibatkan masyarakat adat dalam pengelolaan kawasan konservasi dengan cara yang berkelanjutan. Selain itu, momentum tahun politik pilkada serentak di tahun 2018, dan Pilpres di tahun 2019, menjadi peluang sekaligus tantangan untuk mendorong masyarakat adat sebagai subjek aktif pengelola kawasan hutan
Rekonstruksi Hukum Pembangunan Dalam Kebijakan Pengaturan Lingkungan Hidup dan Sumber Daya Alam
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu , Surono Agus
Published: April 2020

Fungsi hukum dalam pembangunan nasional sebagai sarana pembaruan masyarakat secara singkat dikemukakan pokok-pokok pikiran sebagai berikut: pertama, bahwa hukum merupakan sarana pembaruan masyarakat didasarkan atas anggapan bahwa adanya keteraturan atau ketertiban dalam usaha pembangunan atau pembaruan itu merupakan sesuatu yang diinginkan atau bahkan dipandang (mutlak) perlu; kedua, bahwa hukum dalam arti kaidah atau peraturan hukum memang bisa berfungsi sebagai sarana pembangunan dalam arti penyalur arah kegiatan manusia ke arah yang dikehendaki oleh pembangunan atau pembaruan. Proses pembentukan perundang-undangan di bidang lingkungan hidup dan sumber daya alam, diperlukan grand design hukum sebagai sarana pembaharuan masyarakat, yang bertitik tolak kepada perubahan-perubahan sosial. Rekonstruksi hukum pembangunan dalam pembentukan hukum pasca reformasi, diarahkan pada daya dukung masyarakat, kesejahteraan sosial, dan lingkungan hidup. Selain itu, proses pembentukan hukum harus menggunakan pendekatan yang holistik dan interdisipliner
Peranan Inkubator Bisnis dalam Menumbuhkan Jiwa Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar
Authors: Ardiansyah Mohamad , Latifah Nunuk , Widayani Anna
Published: April 2020

Abstrak—Inkubator Bisnis Teknologi (IBT) merupakan program untuk menumbuhkembangkan kewirausahaan yang berbasis teknologi berupa pendanaan, pelatihan, dan asistensi bagi inkubator dan tenant (pengusaha pemula) yang dilaksanakan melalui sistem kompetisi/seleksi. Sebagaimana perguruan tinggi lain di Indonesia yang menyelenggarakan mata kuliah kewirausahaan, tantangan yang dihadapi Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar (AKB) adalah menyediakan sebuah fasilitas yang dapat membantu melahirkan wirausahawan yang tidak hanya memahami teori dan konsep bisnis serta berhasil menghasilkan konsep produk, akan tetapi juga memfasilitasi dan mendampingi pendirian usaha yang dirintis oleh mahasiswa.. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dengan pembina Inkubator Bisnis, anggota Inkubator Bisnis, dan mahasiswa AKB serta dokumentasi berupa gambar dan audio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kegiatan Inkubator Bisnis dalam menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan adalah pelatihan dan pembinaan serta pembentukan unit bisnis. Dalam usaha menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar beberapa cara sudah dilakukan. Dalam menjalankan kegiatannya, inkubator bisnis di kampus Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar tak lepas dari kendala yang berasal dari faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal.Kata kunci: jiwa kewirausahaan, Inkubator BisnisAbstract— Technology Business Incubator (IBT) is a program to develop technology-based entrepreneurship in the form of funding, training, and assistance for incubators and tenants (novice entrepreneurs) which are implemented through a competition / selection system. As with other tertiary institutions in Indonesia that conduct entrepreneurship courses, the challenge faced by the Putra Sang Fajar Blitar Academy (AKB) is to provide a facility that can help give birth to entrepreneurs who not only understand business theories and concepts and successfully produce product concepts, but also facilitates and accompanies the establishment of businesses pioneered by students. The method used in this study uses descriptive qualitative approaches. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews with Business Incubator coaches, Business Incubator members, and AKB students as well as documentation in the form of images and audio. The results showed that the Business Incubator activity in fostering an entrepreneurial spirit was training and coaching as well as the formation of business units. In an effort to grow the entrepreneurial spirit of Academy students, some methods have been done. In carrying out its activities, the business incubator on the campus of Putra Sang Fajar Academy can not be separated from obstacles originating from internal and external factors.Keywords: entrepreneurial spirit, Business Incubator
Fungsi Tindak Tutur Direktif Pedagang Asongan pada Kapal Motor Penyeberangan di Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh
Authors: Sakdiah Sakdiah , Cahyani Maulidya , Nuthihar Rahmad
Published: April 2020

Abstrak— Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan jenis dan fungsi tindak tutur direktif yang digunakan pedagang asongan pada Kapal Motor Penyeberangan (KMP) di Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh dalam interaksinya dengan pembeli. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik rekam dan catat. Data diolah dengan langkah mengidentifikasi data, mengklasifikasi data, menganalisis data, dan menyimpulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1) Jenis tindak tutur direktif yang terdapat pada interaksi jual-beli pedagang asongan pada Kapal Motor Penyeberangan (KMP) di Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh meliputi: jenis pertanyaan (questions), permintaan (requstives), larangan (prohibitive), pemberian izin (permissives), desakan dan saran, (2) Fungsi tindak tutur direktif yang ditemukan dalam interaksi jual-beli pedagang asongan pada Kapal Motor Penyeberangan (KMP) di Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue Banda Aceh sebanyak enam fungsi tindak tutur direktif. Fungsi tindak tutur direktif yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi: delapan fungsi bertanya, satu fungsi memohon, dua fungsi melarang, tiga fungsi mendesak, satu fungsi membolehkan, dan dua fungsi menyarankan.
Kata Kunci: Tindak Tutur Direktif, Interaksi Jual Beli.

Abstract— This study aims to describe the type and function of directive speech acts used by hawkers in Motorized Crossing Ships (KMP) in Ulee Lheue Port, Banda Aceh, in their interactions with buyers. This research includes the type of qualitative research using a descriptive-qualitative approach. Data collection is done by recording and recording techniques. Data is processed by step identifying data, classifying data, analyzing data, and concluding. The results of the study show that, (1) the type of directive speech acts that occur in the interaction of selling and buying peddlers at the Crossing Motorboat (KMP) at Ulee Lheue Port in Banda Aceh include: questions, requests (requstives), prohibitions (prohibitive ), permissives, pressures and suggestions, (2) The directive function of speech acts found in the interaction of the sale and purchase of hawkers at the Crossing Motorboat (KMP) at Ulee Lheue Port in Banda Aceh is six directive speech acts. The directive speech act functions found in this study include: eight question functions, one invoking function, two prohibiting functions, three urgent functions, one function allows, and two functions suggest.
Keywords: Directive Speech, Buy and Sell Interactions.
Numerical Modeling of Suprathermal Electron Transport in the Solar Wind: Effects of Whistler Turbulence
Authors: Tang Bofeng , Zank Gary P. , Kolobov Vladimir I.
Published: April 2020

The solar wind electron velocity distribution function deviates significantly from an equilibrium Maxwellian distribution and is composed of a Maxwellian core, a suprathermal halo, a field-aligned component strahl, and a higher-energy superhalo. Wave–particle interactions associated with whistler wave turbulence are introduced into the kinetic transport equation to describe the interaction between the suprathermal electrons and the whistler waves and to explain the observation that the halo and the strahl relative densities vary in an opposite sense. An efficient numerical method has been developed to solve the Fokker–Planck kinetic transport equation. Application of the numerical method to suprathermal electrons in the solar wind in the presence of whistler waves is presented. Comparison and analysis between the numerical results and observations are made.
An Accurate, Extensive, and Practical Line List of Methane for the HITEMP Database
Authors: Hargreaves Robert J. , Gordon Iouli E. , Rey Michael , Nikitin Andrei V. , Tyuterev Vladimir G. , Kochanov Roman V. , Rothman Laurence S.
Published: April 2020

A methane line list for the HITEMP spectroscopic database, covering 0–13,400 cm−1 (>746 nm), is presented. To create this compilation, ab initio line lists of 12CH4 from Rey et al. ApJ, 847, 105 (provided at separate temperatures in the TheoReTS information system), are now combined with HITRAN2016 methane data to produce a single line list suitable for high-temperature line-by-line calculations up to 2000 K. An effective-temperature interpolation model was created in order to represent continuum-like features over the temperature range of study. This model is advantageous to previously used approaches that employ so-called “super-lines,” which are suitable only at a given temperature and require separate line lists for different temperatures. The resultant HITEMP line list contains ∼32 million lines and is significantly more flexible than alternative line lists of methane, while accuracy required for astrophysical or combustion applications is retained. Comparisons against experimental observations of methane absorption at high temperatures have been used to demonstrate the accuracy of the new work. The line list includes both strong lines and quasi-continuum features and is provided in the common user-friendly HITRAN/HITEMP format, making it the most practical methane line list for radiative-transfer modeling at high-temperature conditions.
Pharmacotherapy and other aspects of senior medical students’ knowledge in community-acquired pneumonia: the final results of the KNOCAP II project
Authors: Bontsevich Roman A. , Gavrilova Anna A. , Adonina Anna V. , Vovk Yana R. , Goncharova Natalya Y. , Batisheva Galina A. , Cherenkova Olga V. , Myronenko Olena V. , Luchinina Elena V. , Barysheva Valeriya O. , Ketova Galina G. , Bochanova Elena N. , Tilekeeva Ulankul M. , Dauletbekov Nurbek D.
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains an extensive medical and social problem. It is the most common human disease and one of the leading causes of death from infectious diseases. Increasing the level of senior medical students’ knowledge of the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CAP will improve the level of medical care to the population.

The aim of the study: to determine the level of senior medical students’ basic knowledge of CAP prevention, diagnosis and treatment with the help of a pharmacoepidemiological study.

Materials and methods: The multicenter study “KNOCAP” (the full name of the project “The Assessment of Phy­sicians’ and Students’ Knowledge of Community-acquired Pneumonia Basics”) presents the results of an anonymous prospective survey aimed at assessing the knowledge and preferences of senior medical students in terms of the CAP pharmacotherapy. In the second stage of the project (2017–2019). The results from 394 senior students from 8 centers of Russia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan were received and analyzed. An original questionnaire was developed for this study on the basis of the current clinical guidelines.

Conclusion: The final results of a prospective survey revealed an insufficient level of students’ basic knowledge of diag­nosis, treatment and prevention of CAP. The study revealed a statistically significant heterogeneity of knowledge levels in different centers, which indicates the need for the introduction of unified and in-depth training programs in this area.
Diversity of the southern Africa Lacustricola Myers, 1924 and redescription of Lacustricola johnstoni (Günther, 1894) and Lacustricola myaposae (Boulenger, 1908) (Cyprinodontiformes, Procatopodidae)
Authors: Bragança Pedro H. N. , van Zeeventer Ryan M. , Bills Roger , Tweddle Denis , Chakona Albert
Published: April 2020

Through the analysis of a comprehensive database of COI sequences, with the sequencing of 48 specimens, a first insight into the genetic diversity, distribution and relationships between the southern Africa “Lacustricola” species is presented. Species from “Lacustricola” occur mainly in freshwater systems within the arid savanna, and are considered to be widely distributed in southern Africa, but most of them are data deficient taxa. Two species are redescribed, “Lacustricola”johnstoni(Günther, 1894) and “Lacustricola”myaposae(Boulenger, 1908), based on specimens collected at their respective type localities. Detailed osteological and life colouration information is presented for the first time. “Lacustricola”johnstoniwas described from the Upper Shire River in Mangochi, Lake Malawi but is herein considered as widespread in the Okavango, Zambezi, southern Africa east coastal drainages and the Bangweulu in the Congo System. A sympatric similar species occurring in the Okavango is also identified. “Lacustricola”myaposae(Boulenger, 1908), was described from the Nseleni River in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa and is herein considered to be endemic to the small coastal river drainages within this region. Lectotypes for both “L.”johnstoniand “L.”myaposaeare designated. A new species from the Lualaba River in the Congo System, sister to “L.”macrurusis identified, and the deep bodied “L.”jubbiis considered sister taxon to a clade including “L.”johnstoniand “L.”myaposae.
Pilot Study of the Juvenile Dermatomyositis Consensus Treatment Plans: A CARRA Registry Study
Authors: Liu Kuan , Tomlinson George , Reed Ann M. , Huber Adam M. , Saarela Olli , Bout-Tabaku Sharon M. , Curran Megan , Dvergsten Jeffrey A. , Eberhard Barbara A. , Jung Lawrence K. , Kim Susan , Ringold Sarah , Rouster-Steven Kelly A. , Tesher Melissa , Wahezi Dawn M. , Feldman Brian M.
Published: April 2020

Objectives.

To determine the feasibility of comparing the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research

Alliance (CARRA) consensus treatment plans (CTP) in treating moderate new-onset juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) using the CARRA registry, and to establish appropriate analytic methods to control for confounding by indication and missing data.

Methods.

A pilot cohort of 39 patients with JDM from the CARRA registry was studied. Patients were assigned by the treating physician, considering patient/family preferences, to 1 of 3 CTP: methotrexate (MTX) and prednisone (MP); intravenous (IV) methylprednisolone, MTX, and prednisone (MMP); or IV methylprednisolone, MTX, prednisone, and IV immunoglobulin (MMPI). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving moderate improvement at 6 months under each CTP. Statistical methods including multiple imputation and inverse probability of treatment weighting were used to handle missing data and confounding by indication.

Results.

Patients received MP (n = 13), MMP (n = 18) and MMPI (n = 8). Patients in all CTP had significant improvement in disease activity. Of the 36 patients who remained in our pilot study at 6 months, 16 (44%) of them successfully achieved moderate improvement at 6 months (6/13, 46% for MP; 7/15, 47% for MMP; 3/8, 38% for MMPI). After correcting for confounding, there were no statistically significant pairwise differences between the CTP (P= 0.328–0.88).

Conclusion.

We gained valuable experience and insight from our pilot study that can be used to guide the design and analysis of comparative effectiveness studies using the CARRA registry CTP approach. Our analytical methods can be adopted for future comparative effectiveness studies and applied to other rare disease observational studies.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Monotherapy Versus Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis: Combined Analysis of European Biologics Databases
Authors: Thomas Matthew L. , Shaddick Gavin , Charlton Rachel , Cavill Charlotte , Holland Richard , Iannone Florenzo , Lapadula Giovanni , Lopriore Simona , Závada Jakub , Uher Michal , Pavelka Karel , Szczuková Lenka , Sidiropoulos Prodromos , Flouri Irini , Drosos Alexandros , Möller Burkhard , Nissen Michael J. , Müller Rüdiger B. , Scherer Almut , McHugh Neil , Nightingale Alison
Published: April 2020

Objective.

To investigate whether tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) combination therapy with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARD) is more effective for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and/or improves TNFi drug survival compared to TNFi monotherapy.

Methods.

Five PsA biologics cohorts were investigated between 2000 and 2015: the ATTRA registry (Czech Republic); the Swiss Clinical Quality Management PsA registry; the Hellenic Registry of Biologics Therapies (Greece); the University of Bari PsA biologics database (Italy); and the Bath PsA cohort (UK). Drug persistence was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and equality of survival using log-rank tests. Comparative effectiveness was investigated using logistic regression with propensity scores. Separate analyses were performed on (1) the combined Italian/Swiss cohorts for change in rate of Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28); and (2) the combined Italian, Swiss, and Bath cohorts for change in rate of Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ).

Results.

In total, 2294 patients were eligible for the drug survival analysis. In the Swiss (P= 0.002), Greek (P= 0.021), and Bath (P= 0.014) databases, patients starting TNFi in combination with methotrexate had longer drug survival compared to monotherapy, while in Italy the monotherapy group persisted longer (P= 0.030). In eligible patients from the combined Italian/Swiss dataset (n = 1056), there was no significant difference between treatment arms in rate of change of DAS28. Similarly, when also including the Bath cohort (n = 1205), there was no significant difference in rate of change of HAQ.

Conclusion.

Combination therapy of a TNFi with a csDMARD does not appear to affect improvement of disease activity or HAQ versus TNFi monotherapy, but it may improve TNFi drug survival.
Utility of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire to Monitor Patient Beliefs in Systemic Vasculitis
Authors: Schwartz Mollie N. , Rimland Casey A. , Quinn Kaitlin A. , Ferrada Marcela A. , Gribbons K. Bates , Rosenblum Joel S. , Goodspeed Wendy , Novakovich Elaine , Grayson Peter C.
Published: April 2020

Objective

To assess the validity and clinical utility of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) to measure illness perceptions in multiple forms of vasculitis.

Methods

Patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA), Takayasu arteritis (TA), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV), and relapsing polychondritis (RP) were recruited into a prospective, observational cohort. Patients independently completed the BIPQ, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI), Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form survey (SF-36), and a patient global assessment (PtGA) at successive study visits. Physicians concurrently completed a physician global assessment (PGA) form. Illness perceptions, as assessed by the BIPQ, were compared to responses from the full-length Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) and to other clinical outcome measures.

Results

There were 196 patients (GCA = 47, TA = 47, RP = 56, AAV = 46) evaluated over 454 visits. Illness perception scores in each domain were comparable between the BIPQ and IPQ-R (3.28 vs 3.47,P= 0.22). Illness perceptions differed by type of vasculitis, with the highest perceived psychological burden of disease in RP. The BIPQ was significantly associated with all other patient-reported outcome measures (rho = |0.50–0.70|,P< 0.0001), but did not correlate with PGA (rho = 0.13,P= 0.13). A change in the BIPQ composite score of ≥ 7 over successive visits was associated with concomitant change in the PtGA. Change in the MFI and BIPQ scores significantly correlated over time (rho = 0.38,P= 0.0008).

Conclusion

The BIPQ is an accurate and valid assessment tool to measure and monitor illness perceptions in patients with vasculitis. Use of the BIPQ as an outcome measure in clinical trials may provide complementary information to physician-based assessments.
Clinical Characteristics of Acne Fulminans Associated With Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Meinzer Ulrich , See Helene , Bader-Meunier Brigitte , Juillard Caroline , Duquesne Agnes , Melki Isabelle , Faye Albert , Bourrat Emmanuelle
Published: April 2020

Objective

Acne fulminans (AF) is a rare, explosive systemic form of acne. Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) or chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a primarily pediatric autoinflammatory disorder characterized by sterile osteolytic bone lesions. Concomitant occurrence of CNO/CRMO and AF is very rare, and little is known about the epidemiological and clinical particularities of this association. The aim of this retrospective observational study was to describe the characteristics of pediatric patients with CNO/CRMO associated to AF.

Methods

Electronic mailing lists of French medical societies were used to call for patients with CNO/CRMO and AF. A search for published patients with CNO/CRMO and AF was performed by screening PubMed.

Results

We identified 5 original patients and 10 patients from the literature. All patients were adolescent boys. Mean age at disease onset was 14.8 years. Nine of 15 patients had received isotretinoin before the sudden onset of AF. Osteoarticular symptoms appeared within < 1–3 months after the onset of AF. The mean numbers of clinical and radiological bone lesions were 3.6 and 5.6, respectively. The percentages of patients with involvement of vertebrae, pelvis, chest, and cranial were 40%, 40%, 33.3%, and 6.6%, respectively. Arthritis was observed in 69.2% of patients and sacroiliac arthritis in 46.2%.

Conclusion

CNO/CRMO associated to AF occurs predominantly in male adolescents and is characterized by frequent involvement of the axial skeleton and arthritis. Epidemiological and clinical features of these patients differ from general CNO/CRMO cohorts. Clinical management requires careful handling of isotretinoin doses.
Improving Hydroxychloroquine Dosing and Toxicity Screening at a Tertiary Care Ambulatory Center: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Koppikar Sahil , Gottheil Stephanie , Farrer Chandra , Gakhal Natasha
Published: April 2020

Objective.

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a commonly used weight-based medication with a risk of retinal toxicity when prescribed at doses above 5 mg/kg/day. The objectives of our study were (1) to characterize the frequency of inappropriate HCQ dosing and retinopathy screening, and (2) to improve guideline-based management by implementing quality improvement (QI) strategies.

Methods.

A retrospective chart review was performed to obtain baseline analysis of HCQ dosing, weight documentation, and retinal toxicity screening to characterize current practices. The primary aim was to increase the percentage of patients appropriately dosed from 30% to 90% over a 10-month period. The secondary aim was to increase the percentage of documented retinal screening from 59% to 90%. The process measure was the number of patients with a documented weight in the chart. The balancing measure was the physician’s perceived increase in time spent with each patient due to implemented interventions. QI methodology was used to implement sequential change ideas: (1) HCQ weight-based dosing charts to facilitate prescription regimens; (2) addition of scales to patient rooms to facilitate weight documentation; and (3) electronic medical record (EMR) “force function” involving weight documentation and autodosing prescription.

Results.

The percentage of patients being weighed increased from 40% to 92% after 10 months. Appropriate HCQ dosing improved from 30% to 89%. Retinal screening documentation improved by 33%.

Conclusion.

Dosing charts in clinic rooms, addition of weight scales, and EMR force function autodosing prescriptions significantly improved appropriate HCQ dosing practices. These interventions are generalizable and can promote safe and guideline-based care.
Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Early Stage of Outbreak
Authors: Heo Jung Yeon
Published: April 2020

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, which is now designated as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first identified as the etiology of pneumonia of unknown cause in patients from Wuhan of central China. Since the first report of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease became pandemic causing the large-scale outbreak all over the world. In this review, we discuss the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in the early stage of outbreak based on recent reports from China.
Explorer des couples d’intellectuels : le dialogue de l’intime et du politique
Authors: Fabre Mélanie
Published: April 2020

Cet article d'introduction constitue une réflexion sur la notion de « couple d'intellectuels ». Il propose tout d'abord un bilan historiographique autour de ce concept en commentant les rares travaux dédiés jusqu'ici à des couples d'intellectuels dans l'histoire contemporaine française. Il s'interroge ensuite sur les raisons qui expliquent ces lacunes scientifiques, en montrant que la notion de « couples d'intellectuels » se situe au carrefour d'historiographies qui ont jusqu'alors peu communiqué : l'histoire des femmes et du genre, l'histoire intellectuelle et politique, l'histoire de la vie privée et des émotions. Ce texte se donne aussi pour but de caractériser la période étudiée (années 1880 – années 1940) en montrant qu'elle connaît un double mouvement de rupture en ce qui concerne les couples d'intellectuels : c'est à la fois le moment de naissance et d'institutionnalisation du mariage d'amour et du modèle du « couple d'égaux » promu par les féministes ; c'est aussi une époque où émerge l'intellectuelle au féminin comme figure sociale. D'abord connues sous le syntagme de « femmes nouvelles » à la Belle Époque, les femmes étudiées ici ont progressivement acquis un accès aux études secondaires et supérieures et, plus globalement, au monde intellectuel et elles ont décidé de s'engager dans la vie sociale et politique de leur pays. Elles sont devenues ce qu'on ose aujourd'hui qualifier d'intellectuelles au féminin. Quel rôle leur conjoint – voire leur conjointe dans le cas du couple de lesbiennes Cahun / Moore – a-t-il joué dans leur parcours ? En quoi l'analyse des vies privées de ces couples permet-elle de saisir la façon dont se construit une production intellectuelle et un engagement politique et social ?
Un engagement commun pour la République : Cécile et Léon Brunschvicg, un couple d’intellectuels démocratiques
Authors: Formaglio Cécile
Published: April 2020

À travers l’étude de leurs parcours, du fonctionnement de leur couple, de leurs influences réciproques, de leurs réseaux et de leurs engagements communs pour la République, cet article a pour ambition d’interroger l’image renvoyée par le couple Brunschvicg à leurs contemporains. Ce couple est constitué d’un côté de Léon (1869-1944), philosophe et universitaire, incarnation de l’intellectuel et de l’autre côté de Cécile (1877-1946), militante féministe, femme politique, incarnation de la femme d’action. Cette étude cherche aussi à déterminer si le vocable d’intellectuel peut s’appliquer à Cécile, à l’instar de son mari et si le duo, ayant marqué la vie intellectuelle et politique de la III e République dans des domaines d’intervention en apparence très différents, peut être considéré comme un couple intellectuel.
Review and Outlook of Aluminum Matrix Composites
Authors: Zhu Wan Bo , Zhang Zheng Gui , Chen Hao Nan , Xiao Tie
Published: April 2020

In the past 20 years, the development of aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) has made a qualitative leap. This article comprehensively introduces the performance characteristics and the preparation methods of aluminum matrix composites. The powder metallurgy method (P/M) is elaborated in detail. And the applications of aluminum matrix composites in aerospace, automobile and other fields are described. Finally, the future development of aluminum matrix composites is prospected.
Optimization of the Coating Technology for Super-Porous Propellant
Authors: Zhou Meng Lei , Zhang Li Na , Liu Yang , Nan Feng Qiang
Published: April 2020

In order to obtain better quality and mechanical performances, the coating process of super-porous propellants was optimized. The mechanical performances of super-porous propellants were tested, under some conditions with different temperatures, different numbers of cladding layers, different thicknesses of the cladding layer and different ratios of inner and outer layers, through many different analytical methods including impact test, interrupted-burning test and three-dimensional video observation test. The results show that the mechanical performances of super-porous propellants are positively correlated with the temperature, the coating thickness and the ratio of the outer layer. The double-layer coating also can obtain better coating effect than the single-layer coating.
Research on Synthesis, Characterization and CO2 Absorption of Functional Room Temperature Ionic Liquids
Authors: Sun Zhi Min , Li Bing
Published: April 2020

Iron and steel making is an industry with high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The work is to carry out the CO2 capture experimental study as background of the blast furnace gas, increase the calorific value of the blast furnace gas and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the energy consumption of CO2 gas in the follow-up process cycle. In this paper, according to the principle of acid base neutralization, [EDA]L and [EDA]P contained amino ionic liquids are synthesized in ice water bath condition, which is made from lactic acid, formic acid and ethylenediamine. The synthesis process was explored, the viscosity and infrared spectroscopy of synthetic ionic liquid were characterized, the boiling point of ionic liquids were calculated, CO2 absorption experiments were carried out under normal temperature and pressure. The results indicate that the compositions are ionic liquids having target structures and the maximum molar absorption of ionic liquid to CO2 reaches 0.45 mol.
Study on Surface Quality of BK7 Optical Glass by Longitudinal Torsional Composite Ultrasonic Vibration Milling
Authors: Ma Ya Jian , Nie Wen Zhong , Lu Jian Min , Chen Huan
Published: April 2020

BK7 optical glass has been widely used in modern high-tech fields such as aerospace, automotive, optical precision instruments, electronic information, etc. due to its excellent performance, but its gap between plasticity and hardness is huge, making traditional machining easy to appear sub-surface. Damage and other phenomena, surface quality is difficult to meet the requirements. In this paper, the ultrasonic milling dynamics model was firstly established, and then the multi-factor method was used to detect the longitudinal torsional composite ultrasonic milling and ordinary milling of BK7 optical glass, and the surface roughness and surface topography of different spindle speed, milling speed and milling depth were analyzed. Finally, the laws and mechanisms affecting the quality of the machined surface were obtained. It is found that the surface quality is best when the spindle speed is 3000r/min and the milling depth is 0.2mm; the surface quality of BK7 optical glass decreases with the increase of milling speed. The surface quality and processing efficiency of BK7 optical glass are improved by longitudinal torsional composite ultrasonic vibration milling, and the optimal process parameters for BK7 optical glass longitudinal torsional ultrasonic milling are provided.
Sleep Deprivation in the Intensive Care Patient
Authors: Grimm Jessica
Published: April 2020

Topic

Sleep deprivation in the intensive care unit setting.

Clinical Relevance

The Society of Critical Care Medicine has identified sleep deprivation as a significant contributor to the development of delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Thus, preventing and managing sleep deprivation is important in reducing the incidence of delirium in this patient population. A multifaceted and multidisciplinary approach to promoting sleep in the intensive care unit setting that includes sleep hygiene routines, nursing care plans, and appropriate medication regimens may improve patient outcomes, including reducing delirium.

Purpose of Article

To review the current literature on sleep deprivation in the intensive care unit setting and present care guidelines in a concise format. This information may be helpful in the development of clinical tools and may guide future quality improvement projects aimed at reducing delirium through sleep promotion in critical care patients.

Content Covered

A review of current literature and national organization recommendations revealed consistent themes in addressing the problem of sleep deprivation in the intensive care unit. Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors included frequent care interactions, light, noise, medication effects, and preexisting sleep problems.
Molecular Drivers of Lymphocyte Organization in Vertebrate Mucosal Surfaces: Revisiting the TNF Superfamily Hypothesis
Authors: Heimroth Ryan D. , Casadei Elisa , Salinas Irene
Published: April 2020

The adaptive immune system of all jawed vertebrates relies on the presence of B and T cell lymphocytes that aggregate in specific body sites to form primary and secondary lymphoid structures. Secondary lymphoid organs include organized MALT (O-MALT) such as the tonsils and Peyer patches. O-MALT became progressively organized during vertebrate evolution, and the TNF superfamily of genes has been identified as essential for the formation and maintenance of O-MALT and other secondary and tertiary lymphoid structures in mammals. Yet, the molecular drivers of O-MALT structures found in ectotherms and birds remain essentially unknown. In this study, we provide evidence that TNFSFs, such as lymphotoxins, are likely not a universal mechanism to maintain O-MALT structures in adulthood of teleost fish, sarcopterygian fish, or birds. Although a role for TNFSF2 (TNF-α) cannot be ruled out, transcriptomics suggest that maintenance of O-MALT in nonmammalian vertebrates relies on expression of diverse genes with shared biological functions in neuronal signaling. Importantly, we identify that expression of many genes with olfactory function is a unique feature of mammalian Peyer patches but not the O-MALT of birds or ectotherms. These results provide a new view of O-MALT evolution in vertebrates and indicate that different genes with shared biological functions may have driven the formation of these lymphoid structures by a process of convergent evolution.
Analysis of the sanitary survey 2015-2017 conducted in the gulf of La Spezia (Italy): Reclassification of the areas of production of live bivalve molluscs
Authors: Giusti Alice , Costa Erica , Traina Alice , Nucera Daniele , Serratore Patrizia , Orlandi Mino , Armani Andrea
Published: April 2020

The sanitary survey is aimed at classifying and monitoring the production areas of live bivalve molluscs (LBM) and it is performed using standards that are provided by the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science’s Guide to Good Practice. In this study, data from the sanitary survey carried out by the Asl5 Spezzino on the production areas of the gulf of La Spezia during the period 2015-2017 were analysed. The number and type of the analysis performed both on the total sampling and on the individual target species, as well as the number and type of found non-compliance (assessed on both mandatory parameters and on parameters fixed by the local monitoring plan) were considered. Data were also compared with those from the sanitary survey 2012-2014. Appropriate statistic tests were used to evaluate data from E. coli and Norovirus monitoring. Overall, 4306 analysis were performed, especially on the species M. galloprovincialis (89%) and they were mostly focused on to the search of biological agents. 160 NC were detected. Most of the NC concerns the Norovirus’s positivity (93.75%) in M. galloprovincialis and C. gigas. A correlation between the levels of E. coli and rainfall/ seasonality (higher levels in the colder months) was proved, especially in the sampling points located in the inner part of the dam and in the Portovenere Bay. Class B was reconfirmed for M. galloprovincialis, the production areas of C. gigas were reclassified as A and those of V. verrucosa were definitively closed. The sanitary survey was therefore confirmed as a useful tool for reclassification and for monitoring LBM production areas.
ERRATUM TO: Application of shotgun metagenomics to smoked salmon experimentally spiked: comparison between sequencing and microbiological data using different bioinformatic approaches
Authors: De Cesare Alessandra , Oliveri Chiara , Lucchi Alex , Pasquali Frederique , Pamp Sünje Johanna , Mordhorst Hanne , Wylezich Claudia , Poulsen Casper , Manfreda Gerardo
Published: April 2020

The authors would like to correct the authorship in this publication, for the below-mentioned reason. Four co-authors (Johanna Pamp Sünje, Hanne Mordhorst, Claudia Wylezich, Casper Poulsen) have not been listed in the original version of the paper, due to an underestimation of the time needed to publish the results of PT as a whole, for which the dataset selected as described in the manuscript has been submitted.

As a consequence, part of the mock community used in the PT has been described in the paper published in Italian Journal of Food Safety for the first time. Therefore, these authors involved in the design and preparation of the mock community, as well as spiking of the samples, should be added.

Their contribution is detailed below: - Pamp Sünje Johanna, designed mock community, contribution to design of ring trial. - Mordhorst Hanne, preparation of the spiked samples, shipping ring trial samples. - Wylezich Claudia, conceptualization and addition of the virus in the mock community. - Poulsen Casper, preparation of the mock community.

The online version of the original article  can be found under doi: 10.4081/ijfs.2019.8462
Psychological principles applied to antenatal training
Authors: Hannon Alma E.
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
The social worker in the spinal defects team
Authors: Shneiner N.
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
Sources of volatile organic compounds and policy implications for regional ozone pollution control in an urban location of Nanjing, East China
Authors: Zhao Qiuyue , Bi Jun , Liu Qian , Ling Zhenghao , Shen Guofeng , Chen Feng , Qiao Yuezhen , Li Chunyan , Ma Zongwei
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Understanding the composition, temporal variability and
source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is necessary for
determining effective control measures to minimize VOCs and their related
photochemical pollution. To provide a comprehensive analysis of VOC sources
and their contributions to ozone (O3) formation in the Yangtze River
Delta (YRD) – a region experiencing the highest rates of industrial and economic
development in China – we conducted a 1-year sampling exercise using a
thermal desorption GC (gas chromatography) system for the first time at an
urban site in Nanjing (JAES site). Alkanes were the dominant group at the
JAES site, contributing ∼53 % to the observed total VOCs,
followed by aromatics (∼17 %), acetylene (∼17 %) and alkenes (∼13 %). We identified seasonal
variability in total VOCs (TVOCs) with maximum and minimum concentrations in winter and
summer, respectively. Morning and evening peaks and a daytime trough were
identified in the diurnal VOC patterns. We identified VOC sources using
positive matrix factorization (PMF) and assessed their contributions to
photochemical O3 formation by calculating the O3 formation
potential (OFP) based on the mass concentrations and maximum incremental
reactivities of VOCs. The PMF model identified five dominant VOC sources,
with highest contributions from diesel vehicular exhaust (34±5 %), followed by gasoline vehicular exhaust (27±3 %),
industrial emissions (19±2 %), fuel evaporation (15±2 %)
and biogenic emissions (4±1 %). The results of the OFP calculation
inferred that VOCs from industrial and vehicular emissions were found to be
the dominant precursors for OFP, particularly the VOC species of xylenes,
toluene and propene, and top priority should be given to these for the alleviation
of photochemical smog. Our results therefore highlight that priority should
be given to limited VOC sources and species for effective control of O3
formation in Nanjing.
Cloud detection over snow and ice with oxygen A- and B-band observations from the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC)
Authors: Zhou Yaping , Yang Yuekui , Gao Meng , Zhai Peng-Wang
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Satellite cloud detection over snow and ice has been difficult for passive
remote sensing instruments due to the lack of contrast between clouds and
cold/bright surfaces; cloud mask algorithms often heavily rely on shortwave
infrared (IR) channels over such surfaces. The Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera
(EPIC) on board the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) does not have
infrared channels, which makes cloud detection over snow and ice surfaces
even more challenging. This study investigates the methodology of applying
EPIC's two oxygen absorption band pair ratios in the A band (764, 780 nm) and
B band (688, 680 nm) for cloud detection over the snow and ice surfaces.
We develop a novel elevation and zenith-angle-dependent threshold scheme
based on radiative transfer model simulations that achieves significant
improvements over the existing algorithm. When compared against a composite
cloud mask based on geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO) and low Earth orbit
(LEO) sensors, the positive detection rate over snow and ice surfaces
increased from around 36 % to 65 % while the false detection rate
dropped from 50 % to 10 % for observations of January 2016 and 2017. The
improvement in July is less substantial due to relatively better performance
in the current algorithm. The new algorithm is applicable for all snow and
ice surfaces including Antarctic, sea ice, high-latitude snow, and
high-altitude glacier regions. This method is less reliable when clouds are
optically thin or below 3 km because the sensitivity is low in oxygen band
ratios for these cases.
Extratropical cyclones over the North Atlantic and western Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum and implications for proxy interpretation
Authors: Pinto Joaquim G. , Ludwig Patrick
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Extratropical cyclones are a dominant feature of the
midlatitudes, as their passage is associated with strong winds,
precipitation and temperature changes. The statistics and characteristics
of extratropical cyclones over the North Atlantic region exhibit some
fundamental differences between pre-industrial (PI) and Last Glacial Maximum
(LGM) climate conditions. Here, the statistics are analysed based on results of a
tracking algorithm applied to global PI and LGM climate simulations. During
the LGM, both the number and the intensity of detected cyclones were higher
compared to PI. In particular, increased cyclone track activity is detected
close to the Laurentide ice sheet and over central Europe. To determine
changes in cyclone characteristics, the top 30 extreme storm events for PI and LGM have
been simulated with a regional climate model and high resolution (12.5 km
grid spacing) over the eastern North Atlantic and western Europe. Results
show that LGM extreme cyclones were characterised by weaker precipitation,
enhanced frontal temperature gradients and stronger wind speeds than PI
analogues. These results are in line with the view of a colder and drier
Europe, characterised by little vegetation and affected by frequent dust
storms, leading to reallocation and build-up of thick loess deposits in
Europe.