bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uropathogenic bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates among gynecological cases admitted to Jimma Medical Center, South West Ethiopia
Authors: Teferi Sisay , Sahlemariam Zewdineh , Mekonnen Mekidim , Tamrat Rahel , Bekana Teshome , Adisu Yonas , Darge Tefera
Published: May 2023

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in women; about 50% of women get during their life time. Moreover, it is a common health problem in patients with gynecological pathologies, which increases the chance of acquiring infection. The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial profile that causes UTI and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern among admitted gynecological cases. A cross-sectional study was conducted in south west Ethiopia region. A total of 386 patients admitted with gynecological cases were recruited by sequential sampling technique and structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and risk factor-related data. About 10 ml freshly voided midstream and catheterized urine specimens were collected using sterile containers. Identification of isolate was done using culture characteristics, gram staining, and a series of biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed as per the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion technique. The data obtained were entered into EpiData Version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS Version 25. A P value of less than 0.05 was used as a level of significance. In this study, the overall prevalence of UTI was 25.4%. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated bacteria, which accounted for 38 (37.6%), followed by Klebsiella species 22 (21.8%), CONS 14 (13.9%), Staphylococcus aureus 10 (9.9%), Enterobacter species 6 (5.9%), Citrobacter species 5 (4.9%), Proteus mirabilis 4 (4%), and Pseudomonas aeroginosa 2(2%). Histories of UTI (AOR = 1.977, 95% CI 1.06, 3.68, P = 0.032) and catheterization (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI 1.28, 4.45, P = 0.006) were found to be statistically associated with significant bacteriuria. Gram-negative isolates showed a high level of resistance, 88.3% for ampicillin and 66.2% for tetracycline, and a relatively low level of resistance against ceftazidime, 22.1%, and meropenem, 3.9%. Gram-positive uropathogens showed a high level of resistance to penicillin, 91.6%, whereas all isolates were sensitive 100.0% to nitrofurantoin. Furthermore, 80 (79.2%) of the isolates had multidrug resistance, and 16 (26.7%) of both E. coli and Klebsiella spp. produced Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). In this study, a high prevalence of uropathogenic bacteria and multidrug resistance for commonly prescribed drugs were observed with a significant number of ESBL producers. Therefore, screening admitted gynecological patients, especially for those who have history of catheterization and UTI, by urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is important.
Type III Gustilo–Anderson open fracture does not justify routine prophylactic Gram-negative antibiotic coverage
Authors: Suzuki Takashi , Inui Takahiro , Sakai Miyoshi , Ishii Keisuke , Kurozumi Taketo , Watanabe Yoshinobu
Published: May 2023

Postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) is common in open long bone fractures, so early administration of prophylactic antibiotics is critical to prevent SSI. However, the necessity of initial broad-spectrum coverage for Gram-positive and -negative pathogens remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of prophylactic broad-spectrum antibiotics in a large, national-wide sample. We reviewed an open fracture database of prospectively collected data from 111 institutions managed by our society. A retrospective cohort study was designed to compare the rates of deep SSI between narrow- and broad-spectrum antibiotics, which were initiated within three hours after injury. A total of 1041 type III fractures were evaluated at three months after injury. Overall deep SSI rates did not differ significantly between the narrow-spectrum group (43/538, 8.0%) and broad-spectrum group (49/503, 9.8%) (p = 0.320). During propensity score-matched analysis, 425 pairs were analyzed. After matching, no significant difference in the SSI rate was seen between the narrow- and broad-spectrum groups, with 42 SSIs (9.9%) and 40 SSIs (9.4%), respectively (p = 0.816). The probability of deep SSI was not reduced by broad-spectrum antibiotics compared with narrow-spectrum antibiotics in type III open long bone fractures.
Evidence of international transmission of mobile colistin resistant monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium ST34
Authors: Supa-amornkul Sirirak , Intuy Rattanaporn , Ruangchai Wuthiwat , Chaturongakul Soraya , Palittapongarnpim Prasit
Published: May 2023

S. 4,[5],12:i:-, a monophasic variant of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, is an important multidrug resistant serovar. Strains of colistin-resistant S. 4,[5],12:i:- have been reported in several countries with patients occasionally had recent histories of travels to Southeast Asia. In the study herein, we investigated the genomes of S. 4,[5],12:i:- carrying mobile colistin resistance (mcr) gene in Thailand. Three isolates of mcr-3.1 carrying S. 4,[5],12:i:- in Thailand were sequenced by both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore platforms and we analyzed the sequences together with the whole genome sequences of other mcr-3 carrying S. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates available in the NCBI Pathogen Detection database. Three hundred sixty-nine core genome SNVs were identified from 27 isolates, compared to the S. Typhimurium LT2 reference genome. A maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed and revealed that the samples could be divided into three clades, which correlated with the profiles of fljAB-hin deletions and plasmids. A couple of isolates from Denmark had the genetic profiles similar to Thai isolates, and were from the patients who had traveled to Thailand. Complete genome assembly of the three isolates revealed the insertion of a copy of IS26 at the same site near iroB, suggesting that the insertion was an initial step for the deletions of fljAB-hin regions, the hallmark of the 4,[5],12:i:- serovar. Six types of plasmid replicons were identified with the majority being IncA/C. The coexistence of mcr-3.1 and blaCTX-M-55 was found in both hybrid-assembled IncA/C plasmids but not in IncHI2 plasmid. This study revealed possible transmission links between colistin resistant S. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates found in Thailand and Denmark and confirmed the important role of plasmids in transferring multidrug resistance.
Automated code compliance checking research based on BIM and knowledge graph
Authors: Peng Junlong , Liu Xiangjun
Published: May 2023

Automated code compliance checking plays an important role in moving the construction industry forward. While traditional drawing review relies on the identification of industry experts, the purpose of this study is to realize automatic code review by using BIM technology and knowledge graph technology. The method is based on knowledge graph to transform the specification provisions involved in the review of drawings into a computer-recognizable structured language using natural language processing technology to form a human–machine-readable knowledge graph pattern. For the review of BIM models, the BIM model information is exported and the global resource description framework of the building model is obtained in protégé, and the review report is finally obtained after mapping rules and review rules. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by an example. This study can effectively solve the problems of “manual dependency” and “inefficiency” in the process of review.
Effects of different doses of exercise and diet-induced weight loss on beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes (DOSE-EX): a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Legaard Grit E. , Lyngbæk Mark P. P. , Almdal Thomas P. , Karstoft Kristian , Bennetsen Sebastian L. , Feineis Camilla S. , Nielsen Nina S. , Durrer Cody G. , Liebetrau Benedikte , Nystrup Ulrikke , Østergaard Martin , Thomsen Katja , Trinh Beckey , Solomon Thomas P. J. , Van Hall Gerrit , Brønd Jan Christian , Holst Jens J. , Hartmann Bolette , Christensen Robin , Pedersen Bente K. , Ried-Larsen Mathias
Published: May 2023

Diet-induced weight loss is associated with improved beta-cell function in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with remaining secretory capacity. It is unknown if adding exercise to diet-induced weight loss improves beta-cell function and if exercise volume is important for improving beta-cell function in this context. Here, we carried out a four-armed randomized trial with a total of 82 persons (35% females, mean age (s.d.) of 58.2 years (9.8)) with newly diagnosed T2D (<7 years). Participants were randomly allocated to standard care (n = 20), calorie restriction (25% energy reduction; n = 21), calorie restriction and exercise three times per week (n = 20), or calorie restriction and exercise six times per week (n = 21) for 16 weeks. The primary outcome was beta-cell function as indicated by the late-phase disposition index (insulin secretion multiplied by insulin sensitivity) at steady-state hyperglycemia during a hyperglycemic clamp. Secondary outcomes included glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and sensitivity as well as the disposition, insulin sensitivity, and secretion indices derived from a liquid mixed meal tolerance test. We show that the late-phase disposition index during the clamp increases more in all three intervention groups than in standard care (diet control group, 58%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 16 to 116; moderate exercise dose group, 105%; 95% CI, 49 to 182; high exercise dose group, 137%; 95% CI, 73 to 225) and follows a linear dose–response relationship (P > 0.001 for trend). We report three serious adverse events (two in the control group and one in the diet control group), as well as adverse events in two participants in the diet control group, and five participants each in the moderate and high exercise dose groups. Overall, adding an exercise intervention to diet-induced weight loss improves glucose-stimulated beta-cell function in people with newly diagnosed T2D in an exercise dose-dependent manner (NCT03769883).
The immunopeptidome landscape associated with T cell infiltration, inflammation and immune editing in lung cancer
Authors: Kraemer Anne I. , Chong Chloe , Huber Florian , Pak HuiSong , Stevenson Brian J. , Müller Markus , Michaux Justine , Altimiras Emma Ricart , Rusakiewicz Sylvie , Simó-Riudalbas Laia , Planet Evarist , Wiznerowicz Maciej , Dagher Julien , Trono Didier , Coukos George , Tissot Stephanie , Bassani-Sternberg Michal
Published: May 2023

One key barrier to improving efficacy of personalized cancer immunotherapies that are dependent on the tumor antigenic landscape remains patient stratification. Although patients with CD3+CD8+ T cell-inflamed tumors typically show better response to immune checkpoint inhibitors, it is still unknown whether the immunopeptidome repertoire presented in highly inflamed and noninflamed tumors is substantially different. We surveyed 61 tumor regions and adjacent nonmalignant lung tissues from 8 patients with lung cancer and performed deep antigen discovery combining immunopeptidomics, genomics, bulk and spatial transcriptomics, and explored the heterogeneous expression and presentation of tumor (neo)antigens. In the present study, we associated diverse immune cell populations with the immunopeptidome and found a relatively higher frequency of predicted neoantigens located within HLA-I presentation hotspots in CD3+CD8+ T cell-excluded tumors. We associated such neoantigens with immune recognition, supporting their involvement in immune editing. This could have implications for the choice of combination therapies tailored to the patient’s mutanome and immune microenvironment.
Fast evaluation of the adsorption energy of organic molecules on metals via graph neural networks
Authors: Pablo-García Sergio , Morandi Santiago , Vargas-Hernández Rodrigo A. , Jorner Kjell , Ivković Žarko , López Núria , Aspuru-Guzik Alán
Published: May 2023

Modeling in heterogeneous catalysis requires the extensive evaluation of the energy of molecules adsorbed on surfaces. This is done via density functional theory but for large organic molecules it requires enormous computational time, compromising the viability of the approach. Here we present GAME-Net, a graph neural network to quickly evaluate the adsorption energy. GAME-Net is trained on a well-balanced chemically diverse dataset with C1–4molecules with functional groups including N, O, S and C6–10aromatic rings. The model yields a mean absolute error of 0.18 eV on the test set and is 6 orders of magnitude faster than density functional theory. Applied to biomass and plastics (up to 30 heteroatoms), adsorption energies are predicted with a mean absolute error of 0.016 eV per atom. The framework represents a tool for the fast screening of catalytic materials, particularly for systems that cannot be simulated by traditional methods.
Influence of ambient and endogenous H2O2 on reactive oxygen species concentrations and OH radical production in the respiratory tract
Authors: Dovrou Eleni , Lelieveld Steven , Mishra Ashmi , Pöschl Ulrich , Berkemeier Thomas
Published: May 2023

A multiphase kinetic model analysis quantifies effects of air pollutants on reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress in the respiratory tract.
An activatable nanoprobe based on nanocomposites of visible-light-excitable europium(iii) complex-anchored MnO2nanosheets for bimodal time-gated luminescence and magnetic resonance imaging of tumor cells
Authors: Song Bo , Yan Huinan , Jiang Jiao , Yu Jin , Huang Shengjun , Yuan Jingli
Published: May 2023

An activatable nanoprobe based on nanocomposites of visible-light-excitable Eu(iii) complex-anchored MnO2nanosheets has been developed for dual-modal time-gated luminescence/magnetic resonance imaging of tumor cells.
Photochemical generation and reactivity of a new phthalocyanine-manganese–oxo intermediate
Authors: Skipworth Tristan , Klaine Seth , Zhang Rui
Published: May 2023

A novel phthalocyanine-manganese–oxo intermediate was photo-generated, and its reactivity was kinetically probed and compared with the related porphyrin-metal–oxo intermediates.
Ag-doped Cu nanosheet arrays for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Kong Ling-Jie , Xie Ya-Meng , Chen Xing-Yu , Xi Cong , Zhang Fei-Fei , Wang Min , Shang Long , Huang Yuan , Du Xi-Wen , Kulinich Sergei A.
Published: May 2023

A zinc-infiltration process was adopted to prepare silver-doped copper nanosheet arrays.
Tunable vicinal, geminal diphosphorylation and C–N bond phosphorylation of enaminones toward divergent phosphorylated ketone derivatives
Authors: Cao Dingsheng , Wang Chaoli , Wan Jie-Ping , Wen Chengping , Liu Yunyun
Published: May 2023

The tunable reactions of enaminones with phosphine oxides/phosphonates in the form of vicinal- and geminal diphosphorylation, C–N bond phosphorylation have been developed, providing new methods for the synthesis of divergent phosphorylated molecules.
Introducing intramolecular, interligand arene–alkynyl π-interactions into heteroleptic [Cu(N^N)(P^P)]+complexes
Authors: Gejsnæs-Schaad Deyanira , Meyer Marco , Prescimone Alessandro , Housecroft Catherine E. , Constable Edwin C.
Published: May 2023

The effects of introducing bpy ligands with CH2CH2CCH substituents in the 6- and 6,6′-positions in [Cu(N^N)(P^P)]+complexes are explored; structural data are discussed in terms of CC⋯πareneinteractions in compounds in the Cambridge Structural Database.
Alkylphosphonium carboxylate ionic liquids with tuned microscopic structures and properties
Authors: Scaglione N. , Avila J. , Bakis E. , Padua A. , Gomes M. Costa
Published: May 2023

Eleven pure alkylphosphonium carboxylate ionic liquids were synthesised following a reliable and accessible route.
Reshaping fish intestinal microbiota and facilitating barrier function by ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Ma Shuoli , Wang Wen-Xiong
Published: May 2023

Appropriate dosing of nano-Zn significantly improved the health and growth of fish by regulating the intestinal microbiota and structure.
Titanium complexes affectBacillus subtilisbiofilm formation
Authors: Hayet Shahar , Ghrayeb Mnar , Azulay David N. , Shpilt Zohar , Tshuva Edit Y. , Chai Liraz
Published: May 2023

Titanium(iv) complexes that have been previously reported as potent and non-toxic anticancer chemotherapeutic agents affectBacillus subtilisin biofilm but not in planktonic form. PhenolaTi inhibits- while salanTi- enhances biofilm formation.
Analytical insights into the detoxification process and characterization of a traditional metallopharmaceutical formulation
Authors: K. Malarvizhi , B. N. Vedha Hari , P. Rajalakshmi , S. Devaraj , Durai Ramyadevi
Published: May 2023

Graphical representation of the ingredients present in the metallopharmaceutical Sivanar Amirtham.
Recent advancements in zero- to three-dimensional carbon networks with a two-dimensional electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Kumar Niraj , Ghosh Sudip , Thakur Dinbandhu , Lee Chuan-Pei , Sahoo Prasanta Kumar
Published: May 2023

Supercapacitors have gained significant attention owing to their exceptional performance in various applications, such as mobile devices, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage systems.
Dual imaging agent for magnetic particle imaging and computed tomography
Authors: Liu Sitong , Heshmat Anahita , Andrew Jennifer , Barreto Izabella , Rinaldi-Ramos Carlos M.
Published: May 2023

Dual imaging agents containing individual hafnia and iron oxide nanoparticles were formulated and evaluation suggests that they are suitable imaging agent candidates for both computed tomography and magnetic particle imaging.
Growth kinetics of the adsorbed layer of poly(2-vinylpyridine) – an indirect observation of desorption of polymers from substrates
Authors: Gawek Marcel , Omar Hassan , Szymoniak Paulina , Schönhals Andreas
Published: May 2023

The growth kinetics of the adsorbed layer of poly(2-vinylpiridine) on silicon oxide is studied using a leaching technique which is based on the Guiselin brushes approach.
Stochastic non‐cooperative game for safety control of shared control vehicle in uncertain environments
Authors: Xie Wenke , Lu Shaobo , Dai Lingfeng , Wu Quanxing
Published: May 2023

There are great challenges in the driving of human–machine shared control vehicles (HSCVs) in uncertain environments. Aiming at solving the collision avoidance problem of HSCV considering the uncertainty of surrounding vehicles (SVs), a human–machine cooperative control method for collision avoidance based on stochastic non‐cooperative game (SNCG) is proposed. This method realizes the safe driving of HSCV combined with the prediction of surrounding environment and constructs the interaction model between a driver and an automation system based on the game theory. Firstly, a vehicle–driver coupling model with driver's lateral and longitudinal operation characteristics is established. Next, utilizing the prediction equation, the prediction of the SV motion considering uncertainty is realized. Then, the safety constraints of HSCV are established by considering the chance constraints and the saturation characteristics of the actuators. Finally, based on the distributed stochastic model predictive control (DSMPC) method, the coupled optimization problem with chance constraints is constructed. To solve the coupled optimization problem with chance constraints, the idea of Nash equilibrium solution and the method of chance constraints tightening is adopted. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed method ensures the safe driving of HSCV under uncertain environments and realize the cooperative control between the automation system and the driver.
Gradient‐projection based super‐resolution wideband DOA estimation using non‐uniform linear arrays
Authors: Jirhande Milad Javadzadeh , Kahaei Mohammad Hossein
Published: May 2023

A new method is developed for the Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation of wideband sources by refining the initial estimates and posing the super‐resolution theory in a non‐convex optimization problem. A gradient‐projection method is conducted for the accurate estimation of DOAs. The proposed method can be performed by any non‐uniform linear array with no need for any focusing matrices. Moreover, a greedy search algorithm is employed to obtain initial estimates for super‐resolution implementation. Numerical simulations show the outstanding accuracy of the proposed method and more robustness to noise compared to some well‐known methods. It is also more effective for DOA estimation of adjacent sources.
Kernel‐risk‐sensitive conjugate gradient algorithm with Student's‐t distribution based random fourier features
Authors: Tang Shenjie , Li Xifeng , Bi Dongjie , Tang Yu , Xie Xuan , Li Zhenggui , Xie Yongle
Published: May 2023

Kernel‐risk‐sensitive loss (KRSL) achieves an efficient performance surface, which has been applied in the kernel adaptive filters (KAFs) successfully. However, the KRSL based KAFs use the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method in the optimization, which usually suffer from inadequate accuracy with the slow convergence speed. In this letter, the conjugate gradient method is adopted in the optimization of KRSL function, and the problem of non‐convexity in KRSL is addressed by twice half‐quadratic (HQ) methods. For sparsification, a novel Student's‐t distribution based random Fourier feature (St‐RFF) method for performance improvement of the conventional RFF method. Thus, a novel Student's‐t distribution based random Fourier features kernel‐risk‐sensitive conjugate gradient (St‐RFFKRSCG) algorithm is proposed. Simulations on Mackey‐Glass time series prediction under non‐Gaussian noises confirm the superiorities in terms of accuracy performance, robustness, and computational cost.
New cascaded multilevel inverter with series connection of novel capacitor based basic units
Authors: Laali Sara , Nasiri‐Zarandi Reza
Published: May 2023

This research proposes a novel multilevel inverter based on a new capacitor basic unit. Four capacitors are deployed in this unit to provide both even and odd voltage levels. Two‐cell proposed cascaded multilevel inverters and developed cascaded multilevel inverters are evaluated in order to improve the number of output levels generated. Calculations are made for all associated equations after determining the value of the necessary DC voltage source. Additionally, both inverters' switching tables and capacitor charge and discharge modes are fully explained. The merits and disadvantages of the proposed topology are then assessed by contrasting the cascaded multilevel inverter under consideration with a number of widely used multilevel inverters. The key benefit of the suggested architecture is the increase in the number of output levels produced while using fewer power electronic devices and DC voltage sources overall. The proposed one‐cell cascaded inverter is then utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed topology using the relevant equations, simulations, and experimental data. The simulation is carried out using the EMTDC/PSCAD software, and a lab prototype yields the experimental data.
Characterizing a linear pyrometer at the National Metrology Institute of South Africa
Authors: Ejigu Efrem K.
Published: May 2023

A linear pyrometer is used to realize the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) for temperature ranges above 961.78 °C in most National Metrology Institute (NMI) radiation thermometry labs. The different components of the linear pyrometer system working together to measure temperature may exhibit some errors which should be accounted for. The errors can be characterized by several equipment parameters that should be measured before the radiation thermometer is used to realize ITS-90 temperatures. Relative spectral responsivity (s), size of source effect (SSE), gain ratio (GR), non-linearity (NL), distance effect (DE), temperature coefficient and zero drift are all major equipment parameters that characterize the efficiency of a linear pyrometer in realizing ITS-90. In this work, an attempt was made to describe and demonstrate these major parameters by using actual measured characterization results of a linear pyrometer. Uncertainty contributions from some of the parameters considered in scale realizations was also demonstrated using the measurement results.
Design of Parts Flexible Palletizing System
Authors: Yang Yuan , Qiang Ligang , Zhang Yong , Yang Xudong
Published: May 2023

Part palletizing packaging is an important part of the logistics industry. Traditional manual palletizing can no longer meet today’s order volume. In order to improve the production efficiency of the palletizing process, a part flexible palletizing system was designed. The S7-1200 PLC was used as the controller, and the high-precision altimeter and length measurement photoelectric sensors were used to check the parts in real time, and the manipulator and the end actuator were used for grasping and stacking. The end actuator with multi-axis synchronous control technology is adopted to realize simultaneous grasping of multiple boxes of different specifications, which greatly improves the production efficiency and automation level of part palletizing. This flexible palletizing system and robotic gripping technology greatly improves the efficiency of gripping small objects and also allows for extended applications in the field of FAST disassembly and handling robots.
Cause Analysis and Process Optimization of Non uniformity of FRP Anti current Vibration Carrier Shell
Authors: Liu Yanqiong , Wu Ji , Hou Peng , Wang Wenguan , Men Lijie
Published: May 2023

For improving the test system, it needs to build measuring carrier and optimize shell design. To obtain valid and reliable test data, it needs the measurement uncertainty of test system with 3dB.But the test results show the measurement of results between the inside and outside the shell are quite different. This has great impact on the measurement results. This paper carried out cause analysis from five links of people, machine, material, method, environment for sound transmission performance of FRP housing. It found out the main reason of poor sound transmission of FRP housing, Single side vacuum adsorption molding method have been taken, good results and expected purpose have been achieved.
Numerical Analysis on Shock of Double-layer Plate with Foamed Aluminum
Authors: Wang Peng , Huang Wei , Li Zhao , Zhang Hao
Published: May 2023

The response of structure under shock is very important. For sandwich structures, the foam of other material with good energy absorbing capacity is an effective way to enhance the ability to resist external shock. In this work, numerical shock analysis is conducted for double-layered plate with foamed aluminum. The deformation process is firstly studied in case of initial shock velocity of 8.9m/s, then comparative analysis is conducted on the influence of different shock velocity on structural response.
Research on the optimization of electrochemical behavior model in the environment of novel composite fuel cell
Authors: Chen Ling , Han Caibao , Wang Chunxia , Zhu Ting
Published: May 2023

Composite materials have been widely studied due to their good mechanical, electrical and chemical properties, especially atomic structure fuel cells with large specific surface area, high electrical conductivity and good compatibility of composite materials. These new composite materials have many excellent physical and chemical properties, and are widely used in many fields, especially in the field of electrochemistry, showing their unique advantages. Composite materials play an important role in the electrocatalytic reaction of composite materials due to their high specific surface area and good compatibility of composite materials. The construction based on composite materials has high sensitivity, wide linear range, good repeatability and stability. As a catalyst in a fuel cell, the composite material can improve the energy density and fuel utilization rate of the fuel cell, which is a high-performance fuel cell.
Study on Ternary Blend Organic Solar Cells Based on Multiple Non-fullerene Acceptors
Authors: Wang Meng
Published: May 2023

In recent years, non-fullerene acceptor materials for organic solar cells ( OSCs ) have attracted much attention. Among them, ITIC, Y6 and perylene diimide ( PDI ) have been widely studied because of their easy structure regulation. The application and development of ITIC and its derivatives, Y6, PDI and its derivatives in ternary blend organic solar cells are reviewed in detail. This work focuses on the molecular structure optimization method and the selection of third component materials. At present, the efficiency of organic solar cells has exceeded 18%, but the relationship between molecular structure and photovoltaic performance needs further exploration. Optimizing the synthesis route is still an important research direction in this field.
Numerical Analysis on Natural Vibration of Cylindrical shell with Different Cross-section
Authors: Wang Peng , Niu Qingyong , Liu Min , Li Zhao , Cao Xiaoming , Zhang Hao
Published: May 2023

Cylindrical shell in engineering has different cross-section, i.e., circular section, oval section, rectangular section, and so on. In this work, numerical analysis is conducted on natural vibration of cylindrical shell with different cross-section, and the difference is studied between modal frequency and modal shape from different section shell. Numerical results show that, with the same length, width /thickness and boundary condition, the first 10 order modal frequency from circular section shell is nearly 60% bigger than that from the rectangular section shell. This indicates that the load carry ability of circular cylindrical shell is much better than rectangular cylindrical shell, which will help to support the design of cylindrical shell in engineering.
Influence of Frame Weld on Mechanic Performance of Double-walled Shell
Authors: Wang Peng , Li Zhao , Niu Qingyong , Zhang Hao , Cao Xiaoming
Published: May 2023

Weld type between parts will make a difference on structural performance, which is especially important for a daouble-walled shell. To get clear this problem, numerical simulation is conducted to investigate the influence of weld plans between frame and out shell on structural stress and stability. Numerical results show that the change of weld plan between frame and out shell is small in case of a 15MPa external pressure, stress of shell is below the critical value, and the ultimate bearing capacity changes a little. Thus, the weld plan of point weld for frame and out shell could be applied while the double-walled shell is under construction.
Verbesserungspotenziale des Innovationsfonds aus der
Praxissicht
Authors: Brinkmeier Michael , Galle Georg
Published: May 2023

Dieser Artikel beschreibt wesentliche Herausforderungen, welche die Beteiligten
in den Innovationsfondsprojekten meistern mussten, und benennt
Verbesserungspotenziale für die Behebung oder Milderung. Anhand von
Praxisbeispielen werden auch strukturelle Probleme des Innovationsfonds und
deren Ursachen adressiert.
Trends in Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury During COVID-19-Related Lockdown—A Single-Center Study
Authors: Kläger Hanna E. , Nast-Kolb Benjamin , Reuter Lea , Hoffmann Florian , Juranek Sabrina , Bidlingmaier Christoph , Fabri Nicole , Schönberg Nils K.T. , Wagner Johanna , Heinen Florian , Muensterer Oliver , Zeller Christiane , Holler Anne-Sophie , Fröba-Pohl Alexandra , Bonfert Michaela V.
Published: May 2023

Background A relevant number of visits to pediatric emergency departments (pED) are associated with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). On March 16, 2020, the Bavarian government declared a first full lockdown (LD) related to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

Aim The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of LD on pediatric mTBI.

Methods Retrospective chart review of presentations to a pED due to mTBI. Study periods covered LD (03/17/2020 through 05/05/2020) and the same time in 2017, 2018, and 2019 as reference period (RP). Comparative analyses were performed by Chi-square or Fisher's exact test.

Results Numbers of mTBI cases decreased by half. Age distribution did not differ. A significantly higher proportion of mTBI were related to falls at home (p = 0.001). Further, a higher rate of hospital admissions (p = 0.03), a higher proportion of intensive care unit admissions (p = 0.001), a longer duration of hospital stay (p = 0.02), and a higher rate of intracranial pathologies on neuroimaging were observed during LD (p = 0.007).

Conclusion The decrease in mTBI presentations is likely due to an absolute decrease in numbers related to the LD measures, combined with a hesitation to present very minor mTBI to the hospital, because of fear of being infected or not to put additional strain on the healthcare system during this healthcare crisis. On the other hand, data of those that presented with mTBI tend to reflect the more severe spectrum of mTBI.
Knockdown of CENPN Inhibits Glucose Metabolism and Induces G1 Arrest
in Esophageal Cancer Cells by Regulating PI3K/AKT Signaling
Pathway
Authors: Xu Shasha , Wei Xing
Published: May 2023

Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is a deadly malignancy with an increasing incidence
year by year. The purpose of this study was to explore the function of CENPN in
ESCA. Based on TCGA public data platform, the transcription level of CENPN in
ESCA was analyzed. Subsequently, ESCA cells with CENPN overexpression or
knockdown were constructed. The proliferation and migration levels of ESCA cells
were evaluated by CCK-8, colony formation assay, and transwell analysis. Western
blotting was used to detect protein levels associated with CyclinD1, CDK2,
GLUT1, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Cell cycle distribution was
measured by flow cytometry. Glucose consumption and lactate production in ESCA
cells were measured. CENPN was overexpressed in ESCA. In vitro experiments
showed that CENPN promoted the proliferation and migration of ESCA cells, and
upregulated the levels of CyclinD1, CDK2, and GLUT1, promoting the cell cycle
process, increasing glucose consumption and lactic acid production. In addition,
CENPN overexpression increased the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT. The
results suggest that the abnormal expression of CENPN in ESCA may enhance the
malignant phenotype of ESCA cells by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling
pathway. CENPN is expected to be a new target for ESCA treatment.
Sialolith with Sialadenitis: A Case Study and a Proposal of a Diagnostic Algorithm
Authors: Pousya Vinisha S. , Shetty Urvashi , Shetty Pushparaja
Published: May 2023

Sialolithiasis along with sialadenitis is one of the commonly occurring salivary gland disorders. Sialadenitis is an inflammatory disease of the salivary glands. It usually occurs insidiously causing pain to the patient and may lead to development of fibrous mass of the salivary gland. The cause of sialadenitis is most commonly due to the salivary duct caliculi which is termed as sialolith or salivary stones which causes statis of saliva in the ducts. This condition is usually accompanied by pain and tenderness of the involved site. Therefore, we report a case of a male patient aged 60 years with pain in the floor of the mouth in the submandibular region which was diagnosed as submandibular sialolithiasis along with sialadenitis and propose a diagnostic algorithm.
Diagnostic Value of MRI in Placental Adhesive Disorders in Pregnancy
Authors: Sathyakumar Kirthi , Chandramohan Anuradha , Eapen Anu , Abraham Anuja
Published: May 2023

Background The spectrum of placental adhesive disorders (PAD) forms an important cause for emergency cesarean hysterectomy, requiring an accurate prenatal diagnosis for optimal obstetric management.

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to identify the individual MRI features that are most useful in the evaluation of PAD.

Materials and Methods This was a retrospective review of the MRI of 24 women with abnormal placentation, confirmed using histopathology/intraoperative findings as the reference standard. Patients were categorized as negative or positive for PAD (placenta accreta, increta, and percreta) on MRI and compared with the reference standard. We assessed the diagnostic performance of MRI and the features that best correlated with the presence of PAD.

Results Among the 24 women (mean age: 29.8 years) with risk factors, 16 had PAD (6 accreta, 7 increta, and 3 percreta). There was a history of previous lower segment cesarean section and placenta previa in 14 (87.5%). MRI could identify the presence of PAD in all (100% sensitivity) and its absence in three out of eight patients (37.5% specificity). The features with highest sensitivity were intraplacental dark bands (100%), myometrial thinning/loss of interface with myometrium (100%), placental heterogeneity (75%), and uterine contour abnormality (75%).

Conclusion MRI is an important modality for the investigation of PAD in suspected cases, with excellent sensitivity and good accuracy. Identifying the presence of risk factors, low-signal-intensity bands, and thinning/loss of placental–myometrial interface will aid in its diagnosis.
Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in Various Categories of Malocclusion among Orthodontic Patients in the Kosovo Region: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Selmani Mimoza , Bukleta Manushaqe Selmani
Published: May 2023

Objectives The objective of this retrospective research was to investigate the prevalence and the association between dental anomalies and malocclusion in a subset of Kosovo's population.

Materials and Methods This retrospective descriptive study was conducted by recruiting 557 patients; 215 (38.6%) were males and 342 (61.4%) were females. The age range was from 7 to 44 years. The exclusion criteria were employed for the sample size, and 307 of 864 patients were excluded from the study. Malocclusion groups were divided through Angle's classification, and dental anomalies were defined according to the literature. Pretreatment panoramic radiographs, medical and dental history, study casts, and photographs were included to categorize malocclusion and identify dental anomalies (i.e., hypodontia, ectopic eruption, impaction, and diastema). The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS software version 16.0. The chi-squared test was utilized to calculate the frequency and percentages of malocclusion and dental anomalies. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results Five hundred and fifty-seven patient records from 2015 to 2020 were included. An increased prevalence of ectopic eruption (24.8%) was found in this study, whereas the least common was hypodontia (7.0%). The most common malocclusion was class I (46.9%). Vertical plane malocclusion demonstrated that 31.4% had a deep bite and 9.5% had an open bite. Most dental anomalies were significantly associated with class I malocclusion and least associated with class III malocclusion. Transverse malocclusion exhibited that 14% had anterior crossbite and 10.8% had posterior crossbite. Posterior crossbite was significantly less in the class III malocclusion group (p = 0.019).

Conclusion The prevalence of the selected dental anomalies was overall high in our study; 557 of 864 patients faced dental anomalies. An association was seen between malocclusion and dental anomalies in the Kosovan population, especially with class I malocclusion. Deep bite was prominent in the vertical plane malocclusion, whereas anterior crossbite was the most common finding in the transverse plane. Anterior crowding was prevalent in the maxilla and posterior crowding in the mandible.
Ophthalmic Manifestations of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Emiroglu Melike , Bozkurt Banu , Duyan Sule Acar , Alkan Gulsum , Oz Sadiye Kubra Tuter , Sert Ahmet , Korez Muslu Kazım
Published: May 2023

Objective The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and clinical features of ophthalmic involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and to evaluate its association with other organ system involvement and the severity of the disease.

Methods The demographic data and information on the ophthalmologic and other systemic organ manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes of 97 patients with MIS-C were retrospectively obtained from their hospital records. Sixty-two patients with MIS-C who were examined by ophthalmologists were included in the study. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 3.6.0, and a p-value < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.

Results The patients' median age was 82 months (range, 11–204 months). Of the patients, 62.9% were male. The most common systemic involvements were mucocutaneous (83.9%) and cardiovascular (82.3%). Kawasaki disease was clinically observed in 71% of the patients (incomplete form, 53.2%). Ophthalmic involvement was observed in 39 patients (62.9%). Thirty-two patients (51.6%) had conjunctival hyperemia; 29 (48.4%) lid edema; 7 follicular conjunctivitis; 3 uveitis; 2 subconjunctival hemorrhage; and 1 episcleritis. The patients with ophthalmic involvement were 6.4 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49–27.48; p = 0.013) more likely to exhibit cardiac involvement and 3.53 times (95% CI, 1.35–9.63; p = 0.012) more likely to have severe disease.

Conclusion Conjunctival hyperemia, lid edema, and follicular conjunctivitis were observed in at least half of the patients with MIS-C, and those with ophthalmic involvement had a higher risk of cardiac involvement or severe disease.
Efficacy and Safety of Introduction Timolol Maleate by Manometer Microneedles among Infantile Hemangioma: A Retrospective Study in China
Authors: Yuan Lulu , Wang Jia
Published: May 2023

Objective The objective of the study was to compare the effective rate, cure rate, adverse reaction rate, and effective time of three methods in the treatment of infantile hemangioma, hoping to provide reference for improving the clinical therapeutic effect.

Methods This is a retrospective study of 307 infantile hemangioma patients admitted to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, from January 2014 to October 2021. The patients were divided into three groups. In group A, timolol maleate solution was introduced by the nano-microneedle technique (97 cases); in group B, timolol maleate drops dipped in medical swabs were applied (107 cases); and group C patients took propranolol orally (103 cases). The effective rate, cure rate, adverse reaction rate, and effective time of treatment were recorded and compared.

Results The total effective rate, total cure rate, and total adverse reaction rate of the three groups were 87.6, 65.2, and 9.4%, respectively. The results showed that the effective and cure rates of group A were higher than those of group B (92.8 and 76.3%, respectively; p < 0.05), the adverse reaction rate of group C was higher than that of group B (17.5%, p < 0.05), and the effective time of group A was shorter than that of groups B and C. In most patients, symptoms significantly improved within 2 months (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Timolol maleate introduced by nanometer microneedles is an effective and safe treatment for superficial hemangioma in infants with the highest effective and cure rates, lower incidence of adverse reactions, and the shortest effective treatment time.
What are the core concerns of policy analysis? A multidisciplinary investigation based on in-depth bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yang Yuxue , Tan Xuejiao , Shi Yafei , Deng Jun
Published: May 2023

Policy analysis provides multiple methods and tools for generating and transforming policy-relevant information and supporting policy evolution to address emerging social problems. In this study, a bibliometric analysis of a large number of studies on historical policy analysis was performed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the distribution and evolution of policy problems in different fields among countries. The analysis indicates that policy analysis has been a great concern for scholars in recent two decades, and is involved in multiple disciplines, among which the dominant ones are medicine, environment, energy and economy. The major concerns of policy analysts and scholars are human health needs, environmental pressures, energy consumption caused by economic growth and urbanization, and the resulting demand for sustainable development. The multidisciplinary dialog implies the complicated real-world social problems that calls for more endeavors to develop a harmonious society. A global profiling for policy analysis demonstrates that the central policy problems and the corresponding options align with national development, for example, developing countries represented by China are faced with greater environmental pressures after experiencing extensive economic growth, while developed countries such as the USA and the UK pay more attention to the social issues of health and economic transformation. Exploring the differences in policy priorities among countries can provide a new inspiration for further dialog and cooperation on the development of the international community in the future.
An investigation of shock formation vs shock mitigation of colliding plasma jets
Authors: Cagas Petr , Juno James , Hakim Ammar , LaJoie Andrew , Chu Feng , Langendorf Samuel , Srinivasan Bhuvana
Published: May 2023

This work studies the interaction between colliding plasma jets to understand regimes in which jet merging results in shock formation vs regimes in which the shock formation is mitigated due to the collisionless interpenetration of the jets. A kinetic model is required for this study because fluid models will always produce a shock upon the collision of plasma jets. The continuum-kinetic, Vlasov–Maxwell–Dougherty model with one velocity dimension is used to accurately capture shock heating, along with a novel coupling with a moment equation to evolve perpendicular temperature for computational efficiency. As a result, this relatively inexpensive simulation can be used for detailed scans of the parameter space toward predictions of shocked vs shock-mitigated regimes, which is of interest for several fusion concepts such as plasma-jet-driven magneto-inertial fusion, high-energy-density plasmas, astrophysical phenomena, and other laboratory plasmas. The initial results obtained using this approach are in agreement with the preliminary outcomes of the plasma liner experiment.
Extended topological interface modes with tunable frequency in the piezoelectric phononic crystal
Authors: Zhang Peng , Jia Han , Yang Yuzhen , Wu Jien , Yang Jun
Published: May 2023

Acoustic metamaterials have provided a versatile platform to explore more degrees of freedom for tunable topological wave manipulation. Recently, extended topological interface modes (ETIMs) with heterostructure have been proposed to extend the spatial degree of freedom. However, the absence of frequency tunability still restricts the application of the wave transports of ETIMs. Here, we propose a one-dimensional piezoelectric topological phononic crystal (PTPC) with electrically tunable working frequency by introducing external capacitor circuit. With the bandgap frequency actively controlled by appropriately tuning the capacitances, we construct the heterostructured PTPCs possessing high-energy-capacity ETIMs with electrically tunable working frequency range and bandwidth. This work paves the way to wide engineering applications on acoustic sensing enhancement, nondestructive testing, energy harvesting, information processing, and reconfigurable topological wave transports.