bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of New One-Piece Iron Roughneck and Its Spinning Mechanism
Authors: Sha Yong bai , Han Dong he , Chen Dong hu , Liu Cong zhi
Published: July 2024

The iron roughneck is an automated equipment utilized for the connection and removal of drilling tools. This paper presents the design of an integrated iron roughneck, providing a detailed introduction to its clamp body structure, along with an analysis of its structural characteristics and performance requirements. The study delves into the integration mode and working characteristics of the clamping mechanism and spin buckle mechanism for the integrated upper clamp body structure of the iron roughneck. Additionally, this paper conducts an in-depth theoretical study on the spin buckle mechanism. Firstly, it analyzes the actual working condition of the spin buckle roller from two perspectives: contact theory and rolling friction theory, determining the structural form of the spin buckle roller. Secondly, it investigates the relative displacement between the spin buckle mechanism and the drilling tool, proposing a design method for the floating device mounted on the spin buckle roller and establishing the kinematic equation of the spin buckle roller under the influence of the floating device. Furthermore, the kinematic equations of the spin buckle roller under the influence of the floating device are established. Finally, a dynamics simulation experiment is performed to simulate the working process of the spin buckle mechanism under actual working conditions, analyzing the dynamics and kinematics of the spin buckle mechanism and obtaining the relevant parameter curves of the spin buckle mechanism and drilling tools. Through data comparison and analysis, the correctness of the theoretical analysis results and the rationality of the performance and structure of the spin buckle mechanism are verified.
Gut Microbiota in Regulating Natural Bioactive Polysaccharides on Metabolic Diseases: A Review
Authors: Pi Yu , Fang Miaoyu , Li Yanpin , Cai Long , Han Ruyi , Sun Wenjuan , Jiang Xianren , Chen Liang , Du Jun , Zhu Zhigang , Li Xilong
Published: July 2024

The gut microbiota constitutes a complex ecosystem, comprising trillions of microbes that have co-evolved with their host over hundreds of millions of years. Over the past decade, a growing body of knowledge has underscored the intricate connections among diet, gut microbiota, and human health. Bioactive polysaccharides (BPs) from natural sources like medicinal plants, sea-weeds, and fungi have diverse biological functions, including antioxidant, immunoregulatory, and metabolic activities. Their effects are closely tied to the gut microbiota, which metabolizes BPs into health-influencing compounds. Understanding how BPs and gut microbiota interact is critical for harnessing their potential health benefits. This review provides an overview of the human gut microbiota, focusing on its role in metabolic diseases like obesity, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It explores the basic characteristics of several BPs and their impact on gut microbiota. Given their significance for human health, we summarize the biological functions of these BPs, particularly in terms of im-munoregulatory activities, blood sugar, and hypolipidemic effect, providing a valuable reference for understanding the potential benefits of natural BPs in treating metabolic diseases. These properties make BPs promising agents for preventing and treating metabolic diseases. The comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which BPs exert their effects through gut microbiota opens new avenues for developing targeted therapies to improve metabolic health.
Evaluating the Impact of Oil Refinery on Landscape Values Perception and Mental Health: A Case Study of Tehran
Authors: Gheitasi Mahdi , Serrano Gine David , Pérez Albert Yolanda
Published: July 2024

Petrochemicals and oil refineries are industrial processes that use compounds and polymers derived directly or indirectly from natural gas or crude oil for chemical purposes. They have posed a number of short- and long-term risks to the environment and the people who live nearby. The study aims to determine how the presence of industrial areas, such as oil refineries, affects the local population's perception of their surroundings. The investigation centers on the Tehran Oil Refinery, a major refinery hub, and its perceived environmental impact. For this purpose, a Geographic Information System for Public Participation (PPGIS) covering three basic sections has been designed: socio-demographic information of the participants; self-perceived health; and landscape valuation before and after an intervention. The main observations show a complex interaction between industrial presence and the perception of landscape values. Participants' reactions to the manipulated Photographs reveal important details about the psychological impact of visual elements on emotional perception. There is also a direct relationship between the level of stress and emotional perception in the manipulated and original photos.This research adds to the larger debate about the effects of industrialization on the environment and society. It emphasizes the importance of considering public perception when planning and developing industrial projects. The goal is to strike a balance between industrial operational needs and environmental quality preservation, resulting in long-term urban growth.
Vitamin D Assay and Supplementation: Still Debatable Issues
Authors: PLEBANI MARIO , Zaninotto Martina , Giannini Sandro , Sella Stefania , Fusaro Maria , Tripepi Giovanni Luigi , Gallieni Maurizio , Herrmann Markus , Cozzolino Mario
Published: July 2024

Over the last decades, in addition to the improvement of pathophysiological knowledge regarding the role and mechanisms of action of Vitamin D, there has been a progressive advancement in analytical technologies for its determination, as well as in methodological standardization. A significant number of scientific works, meta-analyses, and guidelines have been published on the importance of Vitamin D and the need for supplementation in deficient individuals. However, it appears necessary to clarify the fundamental elements related to the determination of Vitamin D (both at the strictly analytical and post-analytical levels) and the scientific evidence related to the efficacy/safety of supplementation. Additionally, given the important interrelations between Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), the analytical issues and clinical utility of these biomarkers will be discussed.
Persistent Emotional Distress after Abortion in the United States
Authors: Sullins D. Paul
Published: July 2024

Contrasting results have suggested that the prevalence and intensity of post abortion emotional distress (PAD) either diminishes rapidly or persists over time. Few studies have followed women for longer than five years. This study examines retrospective population data on 226 ever aborting U.S. women aged 41-45, at an average of 20 years following the abortion, with extensive measures of PAD. Most post abortive women (55.2%) experienced little or no distress from their abortion(s) and 74.6% were confident it had been the right decision, but 44.8% reported moderate (20.7%) to high (24.1%) distress related to their abortion(s), including 37.7% who reported negative emotions; 31.2% “frequent feelings of loss, grief or sadness;” 24.6% “frequent thoughts, dreams, or flashbacks;” 23.2% for whom thoughts and feelings about their abortion “negatively interfered with life, work, or relationships.” Time since the abortion (mean 20 years, range 0-31 years) was not correlated with PAD (r = -.02, p .71). For the minority of women who experienced it, PAD did not diminish but persisted for decades. An estimated 7.5 million U.S. women currently experience persistent high PAD. Further research to specify risk factors and possible interventions for postabortion distress would be of value for this group of women.
Localized Crop Classification by NDVI Time Series Analysis of Remote Sensing Satellite Data; Applications for Mechanization Strategy and Integrated Resources Management
Authors: Md-Tahir Hafiz , Mahmood Hafiz Sultan , Husain Muzammil , Khalil Ayesha , Shoaib Muhammad , Ali Mahmood , Ali Muhammad Mohsin , Tasawar Muhammad , Khan Yasir Ali , Awan Usman Khalid , Cheema Muhammad Jehanzeb Masud
Published: July 2024

In data-scarce regions, prudent planning and precise decision-making for sustainable development especially in agriculture remains a challenging task due to the lack of correct information. Remotely sensed satellite images provide a powerful source for assessing land use land cover (LULC) classes and crop identification. Applying Remote Sensing (RS) in conjunction with the Geographical Information System (GIS) and modern tools/ algorithms of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning has been proven effective for strategic planning and integrated resources management. The (this)study was conducted in the canal command area of the Lower Chenab Canal system in Punjab, Pakistan. Crop features/ classes were assessed using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) algorithm. The MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) 250 m and Landsat 5 TM (thematic mapper) images were deployed for NDVI time-series analysis with unsupervised classification technique to get LULC classes that helped to discern cropping pattern, crop rotation, and the area of specific crops, which were then used as a key input for agricultural mechanization planning and resources management. The accuracy of the LULC map was 78%, assessed by the error matrix approach. Limitations of high-resolution RS data availability and the accuracy of the results are the concerns observed in this study that could be managed by the availability of good quality local sources and advanced techniques of processing, which will make it more useful and applicable for regional agriculture and environmental management.
Surface Characteristics of Activated Carbon Sorbents Obtained from Biomass for Cleaning Oil-Contaminated Soils
Authors: Sabitov Aitugan , Atamanov Meiram , Doszhanov Ospan , Kerimkulova Almagul , Saurykova Karina , Tazhu Kairat , Orazbayev Adilkhan , Doszhanov Yerlan
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the characteristics of activated carbons derived from biomass plant residues: rice husk (OSL) of the genus Oryza, reed stalks (PhAC) of the genus Phragmites, pine sawdust (PSL) of the genus Pinus, and wheat straw (TAL) of the genus Triticum. Activation was carried out using potassium hydroxide, employing a two-stage pyrolysis under air. The study examined the influence of activation temperature, duration, concentration of the impregnating agent, and impregnation time. Characteristics such as sorbent porosity, bulk density, and hydrocarbon sorption capacity were determined. Adsorption capacity was assessed using BET analysis and the iodine number determination method, with the highest iodine number achieved being 2809 mg/g, indicating high adsorption capability. The structural morphology of the activated carbons was evaluated by SEM, and their chemical surface characteristics were identified by IR spectroscopy. Computational analysis of the nitrogen sorption isotherms using the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (B-J-H) method and the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) equation showed that activated carbon samples from rice husk and pine sawdust possess a developed specific surface area and contain micro- and mesopores. The Dubinin-Astakhov (D-A) approach was used to study the pore diameter of activated carbon, revealing significant findings on pore structure. The maximum micropore volume was found in activated carbon samples from pine sawdust (PSL), measuring 0.46 cm³/g. All activated carbon samples of plant origin were tested under field conditions for the remediation of oil-contaminated areas near the “Zhanatalap” oil field in the Atyrau region. By the 16th day, the oil-contaminated soil treated with rice husk activated carbon was cleaned by 67.1%.
Research on Students’ Utilization of Artificial Intelligence Based on Random Forest Model and PCA-K-means Algorithm
Authors: Liu Can , Xu Siyi , Wang Zixiang , Chen Yuxuan , Chao Lu , Lin Yang , Yan Hao
Published: July 2024

This study delves into the impact of artificial intelligence on students’ learning.The paper pioneers the use of kmeans classification to reduce the dimensionality of features before the classification process, which minimizes redundant information and computational overhead. This step is not commonly found in prior research.Firstly, a random forest model is established with “whether AI assistance was used to complete the paper” as the output, and various features as inputs. The analysis of the predictive accuracy when changing input features reveals the degree of influence of each feature on using AI to complete the paper. After feature selection, the remaining 6 features can still effectively predict the use of AI to complete the paper, indicating the representativeness of the extracted indicators. Subsequently, the PCA-K-means algorithm is employed to classify the use of artificial intelligence. PCA algorithm is used for dimensionality reduction of the extracted features to better characterize students’ use of AI. Three representative variables are selected, and the contribution of each feature is computed based on the factor loading matrix. Finally, the K-means algorithm is used to classify students based on the three dimensional features, showing that students can be effectively classified into 2 categories. The results indicate that the majority of students support the use of AI technology to enhance their abilities, although some students may only intend to use AI to cope with exams and similar tasks.
Congenital Sepsis with Candida albicans - A Rare Event in the Neonatal Period. Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Teacoe Dumitru Alin , Cormoș Roxana Cristina , Toma Diana Adela , Stef Laura , Cucerea Manuela , Muțiu Irina , Chicea Radu , Popescu Dragoș , Chicea Eugen Dan , Boicean Adrian Gheorghe , Galiș Radu , Ognean Maria Livia
Published: July 2024

Candida spp. is rarely found in the etiology of neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS). However, candidemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, as in late-onset sepsis. Congenital candidiasis may present as mucocutaneous infection or, more rarely, as a systemic infection in term and preterm infants. Material and methods: Case reports of two cases of congenital systemic candidiasis (CSC) produced by Candida albicans and a review of the data in the literature. Results: Both neonates were male, born vaginally, with risk factors for congenital candidiasis. One of the infants was born at term and presented with an almost generalized maculopapular rash at birth; C. albicans grew in the blood culture sampled at 36 hours; parenteral fluconazole was started immediately, and no complications were noted. The other infant was born preterm, at 28 weeks of gestation, and presented signs of respiratory distress on the 4th day of life after initial successful treatment of the respiratory distress syndrome with surfactant and non-invasive respiratory support. C. albicans was present in the neonatal blood and gastric aspirate cultures, and in the maternal vaginal cultures (all sampled at birth); parenteral fluconazole therapy was administered for 30 days as investigations revealed both liver and renal involvement and the infant development bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Conclusion: As data in the literature suggests, despite occurring at any gestational age, CSC may present various clinical pictures, the rash may mimic many other neonatal conditions, and the systemic dissemination cannot be distinguished from bacterial EOS. Careful anamnesis and a high index of suspicion are important for the prompt recognition and treatment of CSC, optimizing the short- and long-term outcomes.
Examination of Vitreolenticular Interface in Relation to Different Parameters of Phacoemulsification in the Early and Late Postoperative Period
Authors: Elekes Ágnes , Vámosi Péter
Published: July 2024

Background: Surgical parameters of phacoemulsification can have a significant impact on behavior of anterior hyaloid membrane (AHM). Methods: In a prospective study using anterior segment optical coherence tomograph the attachment or detachment of AHM of 82 eyes were examined after uneventful phacoemulsification preoperatively and postoperatively over a 1-year period. The impact of capsulorhexis size, number of hydrodissections, difficulty of nucleus rotation, nuclear sclerosis grade, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), ultrasonic time, total surgical time, difficulty of irrigation/aspiration, intensity of capsular polish, weakness of zonular fibers, presence of lens materials in Berger's space (LM-BS), and fluid usage were investigated related to the behavior of AHM. Results: In presence of zonular weakness and high CDE, a significant linear trend was observed regarding anterior vitreous detachment (AVD) at all postoperative times. Similarly, AVD is observed at 1-month, 3-month, and 1-year follow-up in cases of high nuclear sclerosis grade and high fluid usage. A significant linear trend was observed in the case of zonular weakness, hard nucleus and extensive capsular polish with LM-BS, while CDE, total surgical time, and fluid usage were significantly higher in these cases. Conclusions: Zonular weakness, high CDE, hard nucleus and high fluid usage are risk factors of postoperative AVD.
Families’ Views on Accessing and Utilizing Appropriate Newborn Screening Long-Term Follow-up
Authors: Quesada Stacey , Barringer Lauren , Sontag Marci , Kellar-Guenther Yvonne
Published: July 2024

Understanding whether the long-term follow-up (LTFU) system is working for families is critical to measuring the success of newborn screening (NBS) and understanding why some families are lost to follow-up. Caregivers were recruited from six pediatric specialty care clinics. Data was gathered from caregivers via six focus groups (n=24) and open-ended responses on a survey (n=33). Caregiver participants represented a wide range of NBS-related conditions and children’s ages. While this is not the first study to gather caregivers’ input, it is unique in its breadth of perspectives (e.g., metabolic, endocrine, hemoglobinopathy, etc.) and its focus on LTFU. When asked about goals for their children, caregivers identified health-related goals (i.e., ability for children to care for themselves, not being hindered by diagnosis) and non-health related goals (i.e., defining themselves outside of disease, participating in sports, making friends). In qualifying the LTFU care they want and need for their child and the key factors that influence access and engagement, caregivers identified three themes: communication and relationships with providers; care team roles and factors; and care access and utilization factors. The themes identified are not disjoint; they are intertwined and collectively illustrate the lived experiences of families at the epicenter of LTFU care.
Assembly Theory and Life Origin
Authors: Abel Dr. David Lynn
Published: July 2024

Any homeostatic protometabolism would have required orchestration of disparate biochemical pathways into integrated circuits. Extraordinarily specific moieties were also required. Assembly Theory conflated with its cousins—Complexity Theory, Chaos theory, Quantum Mechanics, Irreversible Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Molecular Evolution theory— collectively have great naturalistic appeal in hopes of their providing the needed exquisite steering and controls. They collectively offer the best hope of circumventing the need for active selection required to formally orchestrate bona fide formal organization (as opposed to the mere self-ordering of chaos theory) [1]. This paper focuses specifically on Assembly Theory’s contribution to life-origin models.
Enhancing Daylight Comfort with Climate-Responsive Kinetic Shading: A Simulation and Experimental Study of a Horizontal Fin System
Authors: Brzezicki Marcin
Published: July 2024

This study uses simulation and experimental methodologies to explore the efficacy of bi-sectional horizontal kinetic shading systems (KSS) featuring horizontal fins in enhancing daylight comfort across various climates. Given the increasing energy demands and shifting climatic patterns, optimizing daylight levels while minimizing solar heat gain is vital. The paper introduces a bespoke horizontal bi-sectional KSS, simulated in three distinct climates—Wroclaw, Tehran, and Bangkok—using Climate Based Daylight Modelling methods with Ladybug and Honeybee tools in Rhino software. The study employs standard daylight metrics such as Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) and Daylight Glare Probability (DGP), along with custom metrics designed to capture the specific dynamics of the bi-sectional KSS. Initial simulations indicated that the KSS significantly improved daylight distribution and uniformity, reducing glare and over-illumination risks by av. 42.34%. Including KSS switching schedules, which are seldom detailed in similar research, enhances the reproducibility and understanding of findings. Subsequently, a physical reduced-scale mock-up of the bi-sectional KSS was tested under real-weather conditions in Wroclaw (lat. 51° N) during June-July 2024. The mock-up utilized two chambers: one equipped with the prototype of bi-sectional KSS and the second without any protection. The operation of fins was guided by two stepper motors controlled by a Python script running on a Raspberry Pi 3 minicomputer. The control chamber served to benchmark the bi-sectional KSS's efficiency by providing results that would be expected if no shading system were installed. The experimental outcomes supported the simulations, demonstrating the KSS's robustness in reducing high illuminance levels to the target comfort level, thus enhancing indoor visual comfort. The values below 3,000 lux were maintained for 68% of the time. However, it must be explicitly stated that during the June-July 2024 heat waves, the illuminance levels inside the test room momentarily exceeded the comfort threshold of 3,000 lux, reaching up to 4,674 lux. Through quantitative and qualitative analyses, the paper advocates for the broader application and further development of KSS as a climate-responsive shading system in diverse architectural contexts.
Whole Genome Sequencing of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Lecanicillium lecanii, KMZW-1 and Its Efficacy against Bactrocera dorsalis
Authors: Yu Junfu , Hussain Mehboob , Wu Mingqi , Shi Chunlan , Li Shini , Ji Yuanxia , Hussain Sikandar , Qin Deqiang , Xiao Chun , Wu Guoxing
Published: July 2024

Lecanicillium lecanii KMZW-1, is recognized for its potential as a bio-control agent against agricultural and forestry pests, particularly due to its compatibility with integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. This study aimed to investigate the complete genome of L. lecanii KMZW-1 and assess its pathogenicity against Bactrocera dorsalis. Whole genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 47,239,278 bp, comprising 27 contigs, with a GC content of 51.16%. The genome completeness was assessed as 97.93% using BUSCO analysis, AntiSMASH analysis identified 29 gene clusters associated with secondary metabolite biosynthesis providing insights into the genetic basis of its pathogenic mechanisms and biocontrol potential. The pathogenicity of L. lecanii KMZW-1 was assessed using concentrations ranging from 1×10^4 to 1×10^11 spores/mL. Higher-concentrations (1×10^10 to 1×10^11 spores/mL), resulted in significantly increased cumulative mortality rates of B. dorsalis adults compared to the control group. Notably, the pathogenicity was higher in male adults than in females. Probit regression analysis yielded LogLC50 values as 5.662 for female and 4.486 for male B. dorsalis adults. In summary, L. lecanii KMZW-1 exhibits strong insecticidal activity against B. dorsalis and shows potential as a biocontrol agent with IPM strategies. These findings provide robust genomic evidence supporting the use of L. lecanii KMZW-1in managing against B. dorsalis populations.
MoPiDiP: A Modular Real-Time Pipeline for Machinery Diagnosis and Prognosis Based on Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Pujatti Mattia , Calzà Davide , Gobbi Andrea , Svaizer Piergiorgio , Cristoforetti Marco
Published: July 2024

Condition monitoring is a crucial process for ensuring industrial assets' reliability and operational efficiency. In the age of the digital industry, AI-based data-driven condition monitoring is proving extremely effective in detecting potential issues before they escalate into major problems, thereby reducing downtime, minimizing maintenance costs, and extending the lifespan of the equipment. The availability of tools that can enable the operationalization of these data-driven solutions is, therefore, critical. In this direction, this work proposes a comprehensive, modular, and scalable pipeline covering all the steps from the data acquisition to the AI model training and inference phases. The tool integrates the data acquisition and processing steps with a configurable feature extraction phase. Moreover, the system also integrates deep learning algorithms for diagnosis and prognosis, including a domain adaptation stage to permit transfer learning and increase generalizability. In addition, it features a communication system using MQTT, which allows for an online data stream to enable real-time monitoring and maintenance. The overall infrastructure was deployed in actual industrial settings and tested in a real-time experiment, demonstrating the proposed approach's validity.
Ongoing Excess Hospitalizations for Severe Pediatric Group a Streptococcal Disease in 2023–2024 – a Single Center Report
Authors: Schöbi Nina , Duppenthaler Andrea , Horn Matthias , Bartenstein Andreas , Keitel Kristina , Kopp Matthias V , Agyeman Philipp KA , Aebi Christoph
Published: July 2024

A Europe-wide outbreak of invasive pediatric Group a streptococcal infections (iGAS) began in fall 2022. Here we report the evolution of GAS hospitalizations in children and adolescents during the second outbreak year in 2023-2024 at a tertiary center in Switzerland. Using prospective monitoring of all in-patient GAS cases below 16 years of age including those with iGAS, we compared case frequencies and clinical characteristics in three time periods (2013-2020; 2022-2023; 2023-2024). Annual GAS hospitalizations increased from a median of 25 case (range 11-28) in 2013-2020 to 89 and 63 cases, respectively, in 2022-2023 and 2023-2024. iGAS cases evolved similarly (2013-2020, 4 cases (3-8); 2022-2023, 32 cases; 2023-2024, 21 cases). The decline in cases from 2022-2023 to 2023-2024 included all types of GAS organ involvement except suppurative infections in the head area, which remained largely unchanged (48 vs. 45 cases). Pleural empyema declined from 13 to 7 cases, possibly explained by a poor overlap of the GAS and influenza curves, respectively, in 2023-2024 compared to 2022-2023. These data document the prolongation of the GAS outbreak into its second winter season in 2023-2024, however with a decline of iGAS, pleural empyema, skin and soft tissue infection and infections of bone, joint and muscle.
Pregnancy Planning and Genetic Testing: Exploring Advantages, and Challenges
Authors: Kristoffersson Ulf , Johansson-Soller Maria
Published: July 2024

Pregnancy planning and genetic testing (PPGT) has emerged as a tool in reproductive healthcare, offering parents-to-be insight in their risks of having a child with a genetic disorder. This paper reviews the advantages, drawbacks and challenges associated with PPGT, providing some practical guidance for health care professionals. Advantages include identification of genetic risks, a possibility to informed reproductive decision-making, and the potential to reduce the parents-to-be risk for an affected child. Challenges and drawbacks include provision of service, ethical considerations, genetic counselling complexities, and the need to increase public and professional awareness by comprehensive education and accessibility. Practical guidance involves considerations for selecting appropriate candidates, counselling strategies, and how to integrate PPGT into existing healthcare frameworks. By addressing these factors, PPGT can offer an increased reproductive informed choice for the individual and the couple reducing the burden of disease in the family.
Optimal Management of Renewable Energy Sources for Industrial Applications: A South African Inland Downstream Oil Refinery Case Study
Authors: Mathebula Nelisiwe , Thango Bonginkosi , Okojie Daniel
Published: July 2024

Motivated by South Africa's need in the transition to a net-zero economy; this study 10 investigates the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into oil refineries, considering 11 therein unique challenges and opportunities. The research focuses on optimizing RES allocation 12 using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), a data-driven approach that adapts to real-time 13 operational conditions. Traditional energy management systems often struggle with the inherent 14variability of RES, leading to suboptimal energy distribution and increased emissions. Therefore, 15 this study proposes a PSO-based renewable energy allocation strategy specifically designed for oil 16 refineries. It considers factors like the levelized cost of energy, geographical location, and available 17 technology. The methodology involves formulating the optimization problem, developing a PSO 18 model, and implementing it in a simulated oil refinery environment. The results demonstrate 19 significant convergence of the PSO algorithm, leading to an optimal configuration for integrating 20 RES and achieving cost reductions and sustainability goals. The optimization result of 4,457,527.00 21 Rand achieved by iterations is much better than the result of 4,829,638.88 Rand acquired using 22Linear Programming as the baseline model. The mean cost, indicating consistent performance, has 23 remained at its original value of 4,457,527.00 Rand, highlighting the convergence. Key findings 24 include the average distance measure decreasing from 4.2 to 3.4, indicating particle convergence; 25 swarm diameter decreasing from 4.7 to 3.8, showing swarm concentration on promising solutions; 26 average velocity decreasing from 7.8 to 4.25, demonstrating refined particle movement; and the 27 optimum cost function achieved at 4,457,527 Rand with zero standard deviation, highlighting 28 stability and optimal solution identification. This research offers a valuable solution for oil 29 refineries seeking to integrate RES effectively, contributing to South Africa's transition to a 30sustainable energy future.
Myositis Ossificans of the Psoas Major Muscle After XLIF With Preoperative Administration of Romosozumab
Authors: Ito Tsuyoki , Katsumi Shunsuke , Shinohara Akira , Arimura Daigo , Obata Shintaro , Ikegami Taku , Saito Mitsuru
Published: July 2024

Case:

A 62-year-old woman receiving romosozumab for 3 months underwent extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis. From 1 week after surgery, she experienced gradually increasing pain from the right groin to the front of the thigh. Examination revealed ossifying myositis in bilateral psoas major muscles. Etidronate treatment was initiated, improving pain after 4 days. Computed tomography showed lesion disappearance by 3 months after surgery.

Conclusion:

We report a rare case of myositis ossificans in bilateral psoas major muscles following XLIF surgery, possibly influenced by intraoperative manipulation and romosozumab treatment. Etidronate administration may be effective, as with heterotopic ossification.
Snapping Complication After Partial-Thickness Quadriceps Tendon Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ashy Cody C , Baird Henry BG , Slone Harris S , Pullen W Michael
Published: July 2024

Case:

A 14-year-old adolescent girl and 18-year-old man underwent right anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using quadriceps tendon (QT) autografts via partial-thickness harvest. While both patients initially recovered well, later they experienced a painful snapping in their knee localized to the lateral QT, just proximal to the patella. Surgical completion of the previous partial-thickness defect with imbrication provided resolution of symptoms at 4 and 9 months postoperatively, respectively.

Conclusion:

We present a snapping QT as a rare complication of partial-thickness QT harvest for ACL reconstruction. Surgical completion of the partial-thickness defect with imbrication resolved the snapping sensation in these two cases.
Post-traumatic Coracoclavicular Ligament Ossification
Authors: Fleurette Justine , Solignac Nicolas , Werthel Jean-David
Published: July 2024

Case:

A patient presented with complete coracoclavicular ligament ossification after an unnoticed acromioclavicular joint Rockwood Type IV dislocation. He had full passive range of motion in the glenohumeral joint but was disabled by a loss of both active (80°) and passive (90°) abduction due to insufficient passive scapulo-thoracic motion. He was treated with an arthroscopic osteotomy of the coracoclavicular ligament ossification.

Conclusion:

One year after the surgery, active abduction was improved by 45° (80°-125°) with no recurrence of the ossification on the radiographs. Arthroscopic osteotomy of complete coracoclavicular ligament ossification seems effective in restoring abduction in these patients.

Level of evidence:

IV.
Permafrost and groundwater characterization at the proximity of the landfill, Fort Wainwright, Alaska
Authors: Wagner Anna , Sullivan Taylor , Glaser Danney , Barker Amanda , Hiemstra Christopher , Broberg Kate Liddle , Maakestad Jon , Saari Stephanie , Bosche Lauren , Gelvin Arthur , Nelsen Patricia , Baxter William , Vas Dragos , Larsen Gary
Published: July 2024

This report summarizes a site investigation at the vicinity of the landfill, a discontinuous permafrost site, at Fort Wainwright, Alaska. The objective of this effort was to characterize the permafrost extent and groundwater flow at the study area, and to compare newly collected subsurface characteristics with historical datasets. The main tasks for this effort included lidar and remote sensing analyses, geophysical investigations, a tracer dye study, contaminant trend analysis, and installation of soil temperature sensors. Findings included changes in stream channels and watershed boundaries, and elevation losses (0.2 m to 1 m) east and northeast of the landfill. From frost probe measurements, we found that depths to permafrost were up to 1.5 m deeper in 2021 than in 2010 where the difference in depth ranged from 20% to more than 350%. Furthermore, we detected a reduction in lateral permafrost extent from geophysical datasets. The groundwater flow direction, as detected through the dye study, was south to southwest. Dye was detected up to 2,300 m from the injection point. Groundwater travel times, as calculated from the dye study, varied greatly. For upcoming historical comparisons, it is recommended that data collections are performed using similar methods as described in this study.
Synthesis and Description of Some New Heterocyclic Imideis Compounds Derived from Ciprofloxacin Drug
Authors: D. Ayyash Jinan , J. Khammas Sameaa
Published: July 2024

تم تصنيع مشتقات إيميدات جديدة كجزء من هذا العمل ، حيث تم تحضير عقار سيبروفلوكساسين (2-Chloroacetyl) من تفاعل سيبروفلوكساسين مع كلوريد كلورو أسيتيل  بوجود ثلاثي إيثيل أمين ثم من الناتج B مع مشتقات 2-أمينوبنزوثيازول ومن محلول بروم وحامض الخليك الثلجي حضرت المركبات (B1-B8) ، اما المركبات (B9-B12) حضرت من  فثاليك ايمايد البوتاسيوم أو سكسينيك ايمايد ومشتقات 4-أسيتيل سيبروفلوكساسين المناسبة (B13-B17) ، تمت إعادة تدفق هذا الخليط لمدة (8 إلى 10) ساعات مع الحفاظ على درجة الحموضة بين (6 و 6.5) . تم قياس درجات الانصهار ، FT-IR ، والتحليل الطيفي H-NMR لتشخيص المركبات العضوية ومشتقاتها المتكونة . أظهرت السلالات والفطريات المضادة للبكتيريا أيضًا فعاليتها ضد بكتيريا الجرام الموجبة (Staphylococcus) وسلبية الجرام (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) وبكتيريا الفطريات (Candida Albicans).
Characterization of the Green Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles by Orange Peel Extract and Their Impact on the Degradation of Halocarbon Chemical Compounds
Authors: Rahman Hisham Rasheed , Abdulrahman Heman Burhanalden , Abdulrahman Rosure Borhanalden
Published: July 2024

ان دور النانوتكنولوجيا في معالجة الملوثات العضوية يعتبر ذو أهمية كبيرة، نظراً للتأثيرات الجوهرية على البيئة التي تنشأ عن الاستخدام الواسع للمبيدات الحشرية في الزراعة. وبالتالي، تم تسليط الضوء بشكل خاص على المواد النانوية الامتصاصية بسبب خصائصها الاستثنائية وقدرتها على تحلل وإزالة ملوثات عضوية متعددة بفعالية، بما في ذلك المبيدات الحشرية. في هذه الدراسة، تم العمل على تصنيع وتوصيف جسيمات الفضة النانوية باستخدام مستخلص قشر البرتقال كعامل مختزل حيوي. اثبتت صور TEM على تكون الشكل الشبه الكروي لجسيمات الفضة النانوية ، حيث تصل أحجامها المتوسطة الى 40 نانومتر و 30 نانومتر و 20 نانومتر وفقاً لتراكيز نترايت الفضة المختلفة (2 و1 و 0.5 مول) ، على التوالي . كما أظهرت تحليل UV-VIS تواجد ذروات امتصاص عند الطول موجي 427 نانومتر و 429 نانومتر و 437 نانومتر لأحجام الجسيمات 20 نانومتر و 30 نانومتر و 40 نانومتر، على التوالي، مما يسلط الضوء على العلاقة بين الحجم والخصائص البصرية للجسيمات النانوية. أظهر تحليل جهد زيتا استقراراً معتدلاً للجسيمات المصنوعة، ذات قيم 26.6- ملي فولت و 25- ملي فولت و 24- ملي فولت للجسيمات ذات الاحجام 20 نانومتر و 30 نانومتر و 40 نانومتر، على التوالي. وأكدت تحليل XRD على تكون بنية متعددة البلورات ذات الطور المكعبي لجسيمات الفضة النانوية وبأحجام بلورية تبلغ حوالي 11.0839 نانومتر و11.0694 نانومتر و10.2993 نانومتر للجسيمات النانوية 20 نانومتر و30 نانومتر و40 نانومتر على التوالي. وأوضح تحليل FTIR على وجود مجموعات وظيفية من مستخلص قشر البرتقال على سطوح الجسيمات النانوية، الذي يعزز فعاليتها البيولوجية بالأضافة الى دورها في استقرار جسيمات الفضة النانوية. تمت دراسة التفاعل بين جسيمات الفضة النانوية وثلاث مبيدات حشرية مختلفة (سيبرميثرين، لامبدا-سايالوثرين، وميثوميل)، واشارت النتائج إلى إمكانية تحلل المبيدات الهالوكربونية بواسطة جسيمات الفضة النانوية عن طريق عمليات نقل الإلكترونات. تقدم هذه الدراسة رؤى قيمة حول التخليق الأخضر لجسيمات الفضة النانوية واستخداماتها المحتملة في مجموعة متنوعة من المجالات، مثل تحسين البيئة والزراعة.
Integrasi Environmental Education Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Sebagai Mitigasi Ancaman Perubahan Iklim
Authors: Nugraheni Zahra
Published: July 2024

The climate change that occur on earth is very urgent to be searched for efforts of disaster mitigation. Education, especially mathematics education, has a strategic role in introducing and preventing climate change in the next generation. The reason is, mathematics is the mother of all sciences which is closely related to all aspects of life and is also the basis for technological development. Efforts to mitigate the threat of climate change in the school environment are through the integration of environmental education in the school curriculum, especially in mathematics learning process. This research is a literature review research related to the integration of environmental education in mathematics learning. It is hoped that the results of this research can become a reference for teachers as the efforts to mitigate climate change through integrating environmental education in mathematics learning.
The Disagreement Dilemma in Explainable AI: Can Bias Reduction Bridge the Gap
Authors: Bhardwaj Nitanshi , Parashar Gaurav
Published: July 2024

Explainable AI (XAI) is an emerging field of research since the spread of AI in multifarious fields. The opacity and inherent black-box nature of the advanced machine learning models create a lack of transparency in them leading to the insufficiency in societal recognition. The increasing dependence on AI across diverse sectors has created the need for informed decision-making of the numerous predictive models used. XAI strives to close this divide by providing an explanation of the decision-making process, promoting trust, ensuring adherence to regulations, and cultivating societal approval. Various post-hoc techniques including well-known methods like LIME, SHAP, Integrated Gradients, Partial Dependence Plot, and Accumulated Local Effects have been proposed to decipher the intricacies of complex AI models. In the context of post hoc explanatory methods for machine learning models there arises a conflict known as the Disagreement problem where different explanation techniques provide differing interpretations of the same model. In this study, we aim to find whether reducing the bias in the dataset could lead to XAI explanations that do not disagree. The study thoroughly analyzes this problem, examining various widely recognized explanation methods.
Self -Esteem and Compulsive Buying Behavior: The Role of Hedonic Motivation
Authors: Jain Ankita , SHUKLA ABHISHEK , Srivast Sandeep
Published: July 2024

This study explores the interplay between hedonic motivation, self-esteem, and compulsive buying behavior. Through a survey involving 639 participants, correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine these relationships. The findings revealed a significant positive link between self-esteem and compulsive buying behavior, contrary to the negative hypothesis. Additionally, hedonic motivation showed positive associations with both compulsive buying behavior and self-esteem. Notably, hedonic motivation emerged as a key mediator between self-esteem and compulsive buying behavior. The practical implications suggest individuals should manage their emotional responses based on their self-esteem levels and control hedonic tendencies to curb compulsive buying. This research contributes by shedding light on the roles of self-esteem and hedonic motivation in understanding compulsive shopping behaviors.
Analysis of key stakeholders involved in adaptation measures to tackle the adverse health effects of climate change in the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Mousavi Arefeh , Ardalan Ali , Takian Amirhossein , Halvaiee Neda Soltani , Ostadtaghizadeh Abbas , Naddafi Kazem , Bavani Alireza Massah
Published: July 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the role and responsibility of stakeholders in decision-making, research, policy-making, and implementation of an adaptation plan, with a comprehensive view of the position, influence, and power of stakeholders.
Methods
This descriptive-analytical research was identified and analyzed using the social network analysis approach. Accordingly, the opinions of 25 university professors, experts, and executives who were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling were obtained through an questionnaire with a Likert scale. Data analysis and graphs design were then performed using Microsoft Excel and Gephi software, version 0.9.2. Stakeholder interaction patterns were also determined through Force Atlas 2 algorithm and graph theory concepts.
Results
The network consisted of 37 nods, 3 clusters, and 63 edges. The network was close to a complete graph with a density of 0.971. Among the trustees’ network, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was the most active stakeholder and had relatively strong exterior interactions with other stakeholders. The Department of Environmental Protection and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education had relatively weak and very weak exterior interactions with other stakeholders, respectively.
Conclusion
Given the conflicting interests between the industrial sectors and the health sector, it seems that the Ministry of Health and medical education should gain more power and exert influence on other stakeholders; as well, involving health sector representatives in reviewing policies and providing stakeholder advice may help to fill the gap between the health and other sectors in climate change issues.
Illuminating the Past: Coral Reefs Facilitate Diversification of Biofluorescence in Ray-finned Fishes
Authors: Carr Emily , Martin Rene , Thurman Mason , Cohen Karly , Huie Jonathan , Gruber David , Sparks John
Published: July 2024

Biofluorescence, the absorption of high-energy light and its reemission at lower energy wavelengths, is widespread across vertebrate and invertebrate lineages, especially fishes. New observations over the past decade have significantly increased our understanding of the diversity and multifunctionality of fluorescence in fish lineages. Herein, we present a comprehensive account of all known biofluorescent ray-finned fishes and infer a dated maximum likelihood phylogeny of Actinopterygii to estimate the age and number of times biofluorescence evolved across this massive assemblage. We show that biofluorescence evolved at least 35 times in ray-finned fishes and is estimated to date back ~184 mya in Aulopiformes (lizardfishes). In Acanthomorpha, we find most biofluorescent families are reef-associated and their number increased considerably throughout the Cenozoic, paralleling the rapid increases in modern reef-associated fish families and coral diversity during this period. Our results suggest that biofluorescence could be a key innovation driving the diversification of reef fishes.
Discovery of Potential Therapeutic Targets in Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: An Integrative Computational Analysis Spotlighting Proteins
Authors: Vemula Divya , Bhandari Vasundhra
Published: July 2024

Background
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, gram-negative, non-spore forming, rod shaped bacterium which can infect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts with a wide range of diseases. Aside from its high adaptability, this bacterium is highly resistant, modulates host survival, and affects individuals with compromised immune systems severely. It is imperative to explore new drug targets due to the significant increase in mortality caused by P. aeruginosa infections.
Methods
Subtractive proteomics was used to identify broad spectrum putative Pseudomonas targets using 5,564 core proteins from P. aeruginosa PAO1. The process of identifying drug targets began with the identification of proteins not homologous to humans, the identification of essential proteins, the identification of functional pathways, the localization of proteins in cells, the analysis of proteins involved in virulence and resistance, the analysis of protein stability, and the identification of druggable proteins using various computational tools and webservers. Further, we have conducted docking-based inverse virtual screening using Schrodinger's Glide module to find inhibitors against the identified target proteins using 4,64,867 compounds from the VITAS-M laboratory and druggability analysis of hit compounds using Qikprop module.
Results
This study revealed three novel broad-spectrum druggable targets of pathogenic Pseudomonas species - Preprotein translocase subunit SecD, chemotaxis-specific methylesterase, and imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase subunit HisF2 which are involved in the virulence and multi-drug resistance of the pathogen. Based on the binding affinities, and binding energies of the molecules with the target proteins, we identified 15 hit compounds. The pharmacokinetics analysis revealed that all the 15 compounds as safer inhibitors and could serve as potential therapeutic candidates.
Conclusion
Herein, we present a computationally based framework for identifying therapeutic targets and their inhibitors. The findings of this study can lead to further wet-lab research that may contribute to the eradication of infections caused by multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas species.