bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical efficacy of mucoactive therapy with 7% hypertonic saline in patients with acute bronchitis
Authors: Zaitsev A. A. , Kulikova N. A. , Filon E. A. , Budoragin I. E. , Bednova V. E. , Sardalova R. E.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Respiratory viruses are the overwhelming etiological agents of acute bronchitis in adults. However, the routine management of such patients often includes the prescription of antibiotics. The primary treatment for acute bronchitis is the administration of mucoactive agents to liquefy and improve sputum flow.

The aim is to investigate the efficacy and safety of 7% hypertonic solution in patients with acute bronchitis.

Materials and methods. A total of 50 patients were enrolled, of whom 25 participants received Ingasalin® forte (7% hypertonic solution) and 25 patients formed a second control group in which participants received other drugs as mucoactive therapy (routine clinical practice).

Results. Severity of productive cough in Group 1 patients equaled 2,24 ± 0,4 points, in Group 2 – 2,4 ± 0,5 points. On the 4th day there was a significant reduction in the severity of both daytime and nighttime cough in the vast majority of patients. At the same time, severity of daytime cough on the 4th day of treatment in Group 1 was equal to 1,36 ± 0,5, and in Group 2 – to 1,7 ± 0,5. During the same period, the number of AB patients with a significant reduction in cough severity in group 1 was 16 (64%), while in group 2–8 (32%).

Conclusion. Thus, the use of 7% hypertonic solution was accompanied by a good effect in the form of a pronounced cough regression in patients with AB.
Metabolism of gut microbiota and its role in state of diabetes mellitus
Authors: Demidova T. Yu. , Kochina A. S. , Korotkova T. N.
Published: January 2023

The number of new cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications is rapidly increasing and a great amount of cases remains undiagnosed. It demonstrates that improvement of existing methods of treatment can be extremely helpful in present situation. It is known, that one of components of pathogenesis of DM is gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolism. Metabolites of GM include short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), some gases, energy and some low molecular metabolites. From the point of influence on stage of diabetes mellitus SCFA are the most interest. They are not only the main source of energy for colonocytes with antiischemic and protective properties, concerning the gut wall, but they also increase satiety, reduce insulin resistance, improve β-cell function and lead to decrease in body mass. Functions of SCFA are so versatile that they can be mentioned in DM with relative and absolute insulin deficiency as well. Due to its plasticity, GM can change its structure and functions in response to some changes in organism. However, in people with DM these changes are severe and continuous, which makes total amount of microorganisms and their proportion change irreversibly, leading to associated changes in amount of SCFA. Considering the positive effects of SCFA on carbohydrate metabolism, modulation of GM metabolism may occur an efficient addition to antidiabetic therapy. One of the powerful factors, influencing GM, is dietary fiber (DF). They are an energetic substrate for GM, they also maintain pH necessary for GM and regulate food passage in gastrointestinal system. Studying the influence of SCFA on DM and correction of metabolic dysregulation with DF need special attention, as DF and SCFA may become a powerful addition to antidiabetic therapy.
The effectiveness of trimetazidine in the treatment of CHF patients with cardiopulmonary pathology
Authors: Evdokimova A. G. , Evdokimov V. V. , Stryuk R. I. , Lobanova E. G. , Kuvyrdina N. O.
Published: January 2023

Introdiction. The article  highlights  the  importance of optimizing  the  treatment of chronic heart  failure  (CHF) in patients with comorbid cardiopulmonary pathology, namely ischemic heart  disease  (CHD) in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The results of our own research on the evaluation of the clinical efficacy of trimetazidine inclusion in the complex therapy of comorbid pathology  are presented.

Objective. To study the clinical efficacy of trimetazidine as part of the complex therapy  of patients with ischemic heart  failure in combination with COPD.

Materials  and  methods.  60  patients with  CHF II-III FC, left  ventricular  ejection  fraction  (LVEF) <45% were  studied  against the background  of postinfarction cardiosclerosis and COPD of 2–3  degrees of airflow restriction. The patients were divided into 2 groups:  1st  (30 patients)  took trimetazidine; 2nd  (30 patients)  received  therapy  without  the  addition  of trimetazidine. The dynamics of: clinical condition  with the use of SHOCK, FC CHF, test with 6-min. walking, quality of life (MLHFQ, SGRQ), indicators of 24-bifunctional monitoring, TTE, spirometry, platelet aggregation and blood viscosity.

Results and conclusion. The use of trimetazidine as part of therapy led to an improvement in the clinical course of the disease, significantly increased exercise  tolerance. The number  and duration  of ischemia  episodes decreased by 34 and 39% (p < 0.05). The number of angina attacks per week and the need for nitroglycerin  decreased by 65% and 42% (p < 0.05), respectively. There was an improvement in intracardiac  and  peripheral hemodynamics.  Thus, LV LV increased by 21%, pulmonary  artery pressure decreased by 18%, the indicators  of LVD, platelet aggregation and blood rheology improved. There was a more positive dynamics of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system indicators  compared  to the control group.
Modern trends in tear replacement therapy for patients with dry eye syndrome
Authors: Brzheskiy V. V. , Romanova E. A. , Kireeva V. A.
Published: January 2023

Today, the dry eye syndrome therapy is based on the techniques aimed at compensating for loss of moisture in the conjunctival cavity (the so-called tear replacement therapy) either by additional moistening of the eye surface, or by maintaining the moisture in the conjunctival cavity. Traditionally, the first step is to moisturise the eye surface, and the artificial tear products is the leader in this area. In recent years, natural mucopolysaccharides are one of the basic components of artificial tears that attract the greatest practical interest, and among them is the hyaluronic acid, or rather its sodium salt, which is almost identical in pharmacological properties to native hyaluronic acid with the respective molecular weight. Hyaluronic acid is characterized by high mucoadhesiveness, which allows the artificial tear solution based on this polymer to bind to mucins on the eye surface and prolong the residence time of the formulation on the ocular surface. The even more significant property of high molecular-weight HyA is the so-called thixotropy: the high molecular-weight HyA has a high viscosity on the open eye, which provides good wettability of the ocular surface. Today, preservative-free solutions based on the hyaluronic acid sodium salt, which are characterized by high thixotropy, hygroscopicity, mucoadhesiveness and good tolerability, are the priority. The high effectiveness of such drugs has been established. They provide deep hydration in the treatment of dry eye syndrome due to Sjögren's syndrome, meibomian blepharitis and perimenopause, as well as dry eye syndrome in children. The latter was developed due to neuroparalytic keratitis, chronic blepharitis, and systematic damage to the ocular surface by eye drops containing preservatives.
Acne exacerbation: the role of exposome factors and current trends in maintenance therapy
Authors: Tlish M. M. , Shavilova M. E.
Published: January 2023

At the present stage, acne is considered as a multifactorial dermatosis, in the formation of which a significant role is played by genetically determined hyperandrogenism and impaired secretion of the sebaceous glands, as well as changes in the skin microbiome. It is known that the risk of occurrence and severity of the disease are significantly influenced by various environmental components, which are commonly called exposure factors. This article provides an analysis of studies on the influence of the most common exposure factors on the pathogenesis and clinical course of acne: diet, skin care, stress, novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), environmental pollution and climatic conditions. It has been shown that these factors affect the main components of the skin barrier, affect the microbiota and immune reactivity, which subsequently leads to the activation of the leading pathological mechanisms of acne formation. Considering the variety of factors that provoke the disease, emphasis is placed on the need for proper skin care and pathogenetically substantiated therapy in a maintenance regimen with the appointment of topical retinoids and azelaic acid. Due to anti-inflammatory and comedonolytic effects, as well as inhibition of the growth of Cutibacterium acne, these active ingredients provide a complex effect on the main pathogenetic links of the disease. The article presents our own clinical observations of patients with acne, who underwent complex therapy and prevention of exacerbations with the use of Adaklin and Azix-Derm. It was noted that these drugs are effective both in the complex treatment and in the prevention of exacerbations in patients with mild to moderate acne, while the therapy is well tolerated by patients - the resulting adverse events are reversible, easily corrected with moisturizing agents and do not require discontinuation of drugs.
Macroheilitis as a manifestation of Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome
Authors: Zhukova O. V. , Atabieva A. Y. , Tereshchenko A. V. , Dolya O. V. , Utkin D. V.
Published: January 2023

Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome (SMR) is a disease manifested by a triad of symptoms: swelling of the lips and/or face, paralysis of the facial nerve, scrotal tongue. In clinical practice, the monosymptomatic variant of SMR is more common. The disease can develop at any age, but most cases occur at 25–40 years with a 2-fold predominance of women among patients. In children, SMR is more often observed at the age of 7 to 12 years, and the smallest child is described at the age of 22 months. The causes of the Melkersson – Rosenthal syndrome have not been definitively clarified. There are many hypotheses about the pathogenesis of SMR, the main of which are allergic, angioedema, infectious and genetic, immunological dysfunction. There are various historically established terms: Mischer’s granulomatous cheilitis, orofacial granulomatosis, SMR, which are regularly used as synonyms in the available literature. To date, SMR remains a diagnosis of exclusion, which is accompanied by the establishment of controversial diagnoses in practical healthcare. In most cases, the treatment of SMR is ineffective. Mainly systemic glucocorticosteroids, antibiotics, antihistamines, immunosuppressive drugs are used, upon discontinuation of which the disease often recurs. In this publication, we present two clinical cases of SMR. The interest of the first case lies in the presence of the entire group of clinical symptoms and the achievement of a positive treatment result. The second case is characterized by the achievement of long-term remission as a result of combination therapy with betamethasone, azithromycin and ketotifen. An overview of successful treatment options is also presented.
Prospects for studying the role of some essential and toxic trace elements in the pathogenesis of COVID-19
Authors: Yanushevich O. O. , Romanov A. O. , Ivkina M. V. , Arkhangelskaia A. N. , Sharipova M. M. , Yakovleva M. V. , Shantyr I. I. , Vlasenko M. A. , Gurevich K. G. , Levchenko O. V. , Maev I. V.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Factors affecting the severity of the course of a new coronavirus infection remain unexplored to the end

Aim. To study the factors associated with the transition of COVID-19 from moderate to severe form of the disease in patients undergoing inpatient treatment

Materials and methods. The diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia was made by a clinician on the basis of PCR test data and an up-to-date chest CT scan. A total of 195 consecutively recruited patients were examined. The average age of the surveyed was 54 (12.1) years.

Results. Significantly more patients with severe coronavirus infection at the time of hospitalization were active tobacco smokers (33 (29.73%) vs 67 (79.6%); p < 0.002) and had a BMI consistent with pre-obesity/obesity (42 (37.84%) vs 44 (52.38%); p = 0.027). In patients with severe COVID-19, a significantly higher content of leukocytes was noted in the complete blood count (6.054 (2.813) vs 7.307 (4.707); p = 0.021). The groups also differed significantly in the content of micro- and macroelements. The imbalance of minerals revealed in our study is published for the first time, because. The study of the content of Al, B, Li, Co, Sr and Si in patients with COVID-19 was not carried out.

Conclusion. The revealed changes in the microelement status require further study to confirm their significance in the development of a severe form of a new coronavirus infection in patients.
Analysis of severity and evaluation of prognosis in elderly patients with bronchial asthma and severe COVID-19
Authors: Gaynitdinova V. V. , Avdeev S. N. , Pozdniakova A. A. , Vlasenko A. E. , Gneusheva T. Yu. , Ter-Akopian K. A. , Allaberdina D. U.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The role of comorbid conditions in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of associated COVID-19 disease has been an area of ongoing research since the pandemic began.

Objective. To evaluate the impact of elderly asthma on the clinical course and outcomes of severe COVID-19.

Materials and methods. Elderly patients (WHO, 2020) (> 60 years, n = 131) with bronchial asthma (BA) hospitalized for severe COVID-19 were included in the study. The presence of COVID-19 was confirmed by laboratory tests (PCR smear) and/or clinical and radiological examinations. All patients had a history of a confirmed diagnosis of bronchial asthma (GINA, 2020). Follow-up was performed at the hospital stage and for 90 days after discharge from the hospital.

Results. In the groups of patients with lethal outcome (regardless of the stage) there were statistically significantly higher Charlson index, respiratory rate, CT lung lesion volume, leukocyte, neutrophil and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios, lower absolute eosinophil count. In the group of patients who died during hospitalization, severe (IV–V) asthma (p = 0.03), steroid use during the previous year (p = 0.02), chronic heart failure (p = 0.009), and the atopic asthma phenotype was less common (p = 0.02). Those who died in the 90-day posthospital period had greater lung lesion volume on CT scan, and diabetes mellitus was more common (p < 0.001). The most significant predictors of mortality were identified.

Conclusion. The common most significant predictors of hospital and 90-day posthospital mortality in older patients with bronchial asthma were comorbidity index and lower eosinophil levels. Hospital mortality is further characterized by a higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and lower total protein; 90-day posthospital mortality by the amount of lung damage on CT scan and the presence of diabetes mellitus.
Telemedical technologies: from theory to practice
Authors: Seliverstov P. V. , Bakaeva S. R. , Shapovalov V. V. , Aleshko O. V.
Published: January 2023

The ubiquity of the global Internet, social networks, online marketplaces, and other types of services has fostered the development of information and communication technologies (ICTs), including in the healthcare industry. One of the successful and promising uses of ICTs is telemedicine, the interest in which increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors developed their own version of telemedicine questionnaire screening of adult health. The created telemedical questionnaire screening system includes a methodology of selection and ranking of questions, which allows determining the degree of existing health risk in specific profiles: cardiology, gastroenterology, pulmonology, endocrinology and oncology. Due to the presence of artificial intelligence, the system developed by us, is able to form a personalized final medical conclusion and recommendations for a healthy lifestyle. The advantages of the program include a personalized approach, no binding to place and time, flexibility of decisive rules adequate to the expert physician’s opinion, proprietary methodology of selection and ranking of clinical symptoms taking into account their degree of expression and validity, formation of a pathology profile rather than a nosological unit, which ultimately increases the information value of screening and covers all major body systems. Convenience and clarity of the results and conclusions contribute to the formation of adherence to a healthy lifestyle, refusal from bad habits, and increase the awareness of the program users in the issues of prevention and diagnostics of non-infectious diseases. The development will make it possible to reduce the time spent on outpatient appointments by 20% when using the program in primary health care facilities.
Thrombophilia in a patient with short bowel syndrome
Authors: Parfenov A. I. , Knyazev O. V. , Kostyuchenko L. N. , Kulakov D. S. , Degterev D. A. , Lychkova A. E.
Published: January 2023

This article presents a clinical case of thrombophilia in a patient with short bowel syndrome. Thrombophilia is characterized by a disorder of the blood clotting system, in which the risk of thrombosis increases. Thrombophilia, local vascular insufficiency, intestinal obstruction with fistula formation requiring intestinal resection play a significant role in the pathogenesis of short bowel syndrome. The patient was admitted with the diagnosis “thrombophilia, resection of the small intestine (residual small intestine 17 cm), ileostoma”. Condition after multiple surgical interventions on the abdominal cavity. Surgeries performed: atypical gastric resection, resection of the greater omentum, jejunostomy, resection of the cardial and antral parts of the stomach, derivation of duodenostomy, esophagostomy, derivation of loop jejunostomy, Braun enteroanastomosis, perforation of the colon, suturing, derivation of colostomy, cholecystectomy, GI reconstruction, Roux esophagoenteroanastomosis, resection of the sigmoid colon, small intestine, bearing intestinal fistulas, removal of double-barrel ileostomy, abdominal cavity drainage, relaparotomy, closure of ileal perforation, retrograde intubation of the small intestine, determination of indications for intestinal transplantation. The following tests were performed: CT-enterography, colonoscopy with subsequent morphological examination, abdominal ultrasound, enterogastroscopy, clinical and biochemical blood tests, PCR, coagulogram, urinalysis, percussion and auscultation of the chest. Morphological examination showed fragments of the wall of the colon – with erosion, fragments of fatty tissue – with immature granulation tissue, fragment of stroma covered with multilayer flat keratinized epithelium with the focus of epithelized slit-like ulcer. Clexane was administered as part of the treatment complex, nutritional support additionally included Micrazyme capsules 25000 units, teduglutide, remabipid. Rebamipid and Teduglutide allowed to stabilize the patient's condition and improve the condition of the perioperative area tissues. In case of ineffectiveness of the therapy used the indications for liver transplantation are determined.
Experience of the use of dipyridamole for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke
Authors: Rakhmatullina E. F. , Kochergina O. S. , Khaibullina D. K.
Published: January 2023

Acute cerebrovascular accident  (ACV) is an important medical and social problem, which is associated with high morbidity, mortality and frequent  disability. The current  system  for providing  specialized  medical  care to patients with stroke  has shown  its effectiveness, as evidenced by a decrease in hospital  mortality  and  an increase  in the  number  of patients returning  to work. However, the incidence  of stroke remains  high, which is also associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Every third patient  with COVID-19 had neurological symptoms, and a pathomorphological study of the  brain of the  deceased showed  signs of hypoxic encephalopathy in every fifth. Due to the fact that with COVID-19 there  is a high probability of developing ischemic stroke (IS), it is necessary  to promptly identify and correct  the  following  factors  that  contribute to the  occurrence  of stroke  with COVID-19: cardiovascular  diseases, diabetes mellitus, arterial  hypertension, atherosclerosis. Direct exposure  to the virus results  in systemic inflammatory  hyperactivity  with a prothrombotic state  secondary  to protein  C and S deficiency. An important problem  is both the  prevention of the  first and recurrent  stroke, regardless of the  etiology. The basis of secondary  prevention is the  correction of risk factors, as well as the development of an individual program  with antihypertensive, lipid-lowering  therapy. The leading line of secondary  prevention of IS is antiplatelet therapy, which reduces  the risk of developing acute  vascular episodes by 25%. For the purpose  of secondary  prevention of ischemic stroke, acetylsalicylic  acid, dipyridamole, clopidogrel  are used. In the discussed clinical observation, a patient  developed repeated episodes of transient ischemic attack against  the background  of a stenosing  process  in the  common  carotid  artery, hypertension, and a previous  coronavirus  infection. Given that  the  greatest risk of recurrent  stroke is associated with atherosclerosis, which can be complicated by thrombus  formation, chimes and acetylsalicylic acid were chosen for secondary prevention. Follow-up observation showed  the correctness of the chosen tactics.
General characteristics and features of the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of dorsopathies in clinical practice (literature review)
Authors: Yakovlev E. V. , Zhivolupov S. A. , Gnevyshev E. N. , Vetrova T. V.
Published: January 2023

Back pain ranks first among all non-communicable diseases in terms of the number of years of life lost due to poor health. At the same time, the choice of tactics for the treatment of dorsopathies presents certain difficulties, in particular, the choice of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), which depends on a number of factors. NSAIDs are effectively used in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain, but they have side effects, which determines the individual characteristics of their use. The article presents an overview of scientific data published in the sources MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Clinical Trials.gov, services for the exchange of research information on the clinical practice of NSAID use. The general characteristics and side effects of NSAIDs in clinical practice are analyzed in order to choose an effective and safe trajectory of their use in the treatment of dorsopathies. In the acute period of dorsopathy, the therapeutic effect should be aimed primarily at reducing pain. At the same time, the use of NSAIDs is necessary and justified, should include a detailed assessment of side effects, duration of use, alternative trajectories of drug and non-drug treatment. Numerous side effects of NSAIDs from the gastrointestinal tract, liver, cardiovascular system, allergic reactions, congenital anomalies in the fetus when using NSAIDs during pregnancy and other undesirable consequences, make it necessary to take the maximum possible measures to minimize adverse reactions and long-term undesirable consequences for the patient. Combined therapeutic effects, including, along with the use of NSAIDs, physiotherapy, physical therapy, massage, reflexotherapy, optimization of motor activity, optimization of posture under static loads, the use of cognitive behavioral therapy methods, is optimal from the standpoint of risk stratification and the expected clinical effect in patients with dorsopathy.
Физическая культура, здоровье и здоровый образ жизни в представлениях студентов вуза
Authors: Непочатых А.В.
Published: January 2023

В статье представлены результаты исследования представлений студентов вузов о физической культуре, здоровье и здоровом образе жизни; результаты исследования показали, что представления о здоровом образе жизни у опрошенных студентов отражают наиболее распространенные в массовом сознании и существующие в обыденных представлениях образы - «занятия физической культурой и спортом» и «отказом от вредных привычек». Социальный (категория «владение навыками безопасного поведения») и психологический аспект (категория «положительные эмоции») представлений о здоровом образе жизни наличествует у десятой части опрошенных студентов выборки. По нашему мнению, физические, социальные и психологические аспекты здоровья и здорового жизни мало известны респондентам и требуют привлечения специалистов для уменьшения пробела в знаниях респондентов о данных аспектах здоровья.
ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ПРОФИЛЯ КАК ФАКТОР ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Authors: Мезенцева А.И.
Published: January 2023

Актуальность исследования вызвана стремительным изменением высшего образования. В статье рассматривается вопрос исследовательской деятельности. Делается предположение, что исследовательская деятельность обучающихся технического профиля является фактором повышения качества образования. Предметом исследования является исследовательская деятельность обучающихся. Исследовательская деятельность заключается в написании докладов и составление презентаций, их защита на научной конференции «Военное и научное общество курсантов и студентов» (ВНОКС) Черноморского высшего военно-морского училища имени П.С. Нахимова (ЧВВМУ). Предположение, высказанное выше было подтверждено проведением экспериментального исследования на базе ЧВВМУ. Для проведения экспериментальной работы на занятиях по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» обучающимися в сотрудничестве с преподавателями были выполнены доклады и презентации. Проведена и описана эмпирическая апробация исследования. Результаты эксперимента приведены в статье. Сделаны выводы. Сделаны выводы о том, что исследовательская деятельность служит показателем качества образования в образовательных учреждениях высшего образования.
Design, educação ambiental e ser-no-mundo:
Authors: Everling Marli , Kahlmeyer-Mertens Roberto S.
Published: January 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é articular educação ambiental e design em uma abordagem interdisciplinar dirigida pela conduta filosófica. A metodologia compreende uma análise de produções bibliográficas que articulam design e educação ambiental. A fundamentação teórica foi buscada em Heidegger, Arendt, Jonas, Moran, Margolin, Fry, Sethi e em considerações tecidas pela rede Desis; também inclui análise de ações de educação ambiental em condução. O resultado expande noções de educação ambiental articuladas com design.
Comprehensive Analysis of Cuproptosis Genes and Identification of Cuproptosis
Subtypes in Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Jialin , Li Lei , Dong Yi , Zhong Bin , Yin Wei
Published: January 2023

Background:

Copper-induced death (cuproptosis) is copper-dependent regulated cell
death, which is different from known death mechanisms and is dependent on mitochondrial respiration.
However, its effect on breast cancer (BRCA) is unclear.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore the important clinical significance of cuproptosis
genes and to provide a new idea for guiding the personalized immunotherapy strategy of BRCA
patients.

Materials and Method:

We collected cuproptosis genes from published work. The gene alteration,
differential expression, and prognostic value of cuproptosis genes were explored in BRCA
based on TCGA database. We identified two subtypes (clusters A and B) by performing unsupervised
clustering. The difference between two clusters was deeply explored, including clinical features,
differential expressed genes (DEGs), pathways, and immune cell infiltration. Based on the
DEGs between two clusters, a cuproptosis score was constructed and its predictive capability for
overall survival of BRCA patients was validated.

Results and Discussion:

Patients with high cuproptosis score have worse survival status, with an
increased infiltration level of most immune cells. Further analysis suggested that BRCA patients
with high cuproptosis score may be sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment.

Conclusion:

Our findings may improve our understanding of cuproptosis in BRCA and may distinguish
patients suitable for ICI treatment.
Autophagy as an Anti-senescent in Aging Neurocytes
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah
Published: January 2023

Neuron homeostasis is crucial for the organism, and its maintenance is multifactorial,
including autophagy. The turnover of aberrant intracellular components is a
fundamental pathogenetic mechanism for cell aging. Autophagy is involved in the acceleration
of the neurocyte aging process and the modification of cell longevity. Neurocyte
aging is a process of loss of cell identity through cellular and subcellular changes
that include molecular loss of epigenetics, transcriptomic, proteomic, and autophagy
dysfunction. Autophagy dysfunction is the hallmark of neurocyte aging. Cell
aging is the credential feature of neurodegenerative diseases. Pathophysiologically,
aged neurocytes are characterized by dysregulated autophagy and subsequently neurocyte
metabolic stress, resulting in accelerated neurocyte aging. In particular, chaperone-
mediated autophagy perturbation results in upregulated expression of aging and
apoptosis genes. Aged neurocytes are also characterized by the down-regulation of
autophagy-related genes, such as ATG5-ATG12, LC3-II / LC3-I ratio, Beclin-1, and
p62. Slowing aging through autophagy targeting is sufficient to improve prognosis in
neurodegenerative diseases. Three primary anti-senescent molecules are involved in
the aging process: mTOR, AMPK, and Sirtuins. Autophagy therapeutic effects can be
applied to reverse and slow aging. This article discusses current advances in the role
of autophagy in neurocyte homeostasis, aging, and potential therapeutic strategies to
reduce aging and increase cell longevity.
In vitro Function Study of Different Negative Charge Pullulan Nanoparticles
for Sentinel Lymph Node Angiography
Authors: Huang Ren Feng , Guo Yan , Yao Chaoling , Wu Wanming , Ou Linyang
Published: January 2023

Backgroud:

Many dyes or radioactive markers used for sentinel lymph node (SLN) have the shortcomings of false positive and radiation injury. Indocyanine green (ICG) seems to have a lower false positive rate and tissue damage, without a clear field of vision during the operation.

Methods:

For the shortcomings, we successfully synthesized three anionic pullulan materials, changed the degree of hydrophobic for size controlling (< 50nm) to prepare CHP nanoparticles (NPs) and changed the succinyl degree to prepare CHPC NPs with different negative surface potential.

Results:

The size of those NPs were less than 50nm under (transmission electron microscope) TEM, with hydrodynamic size of 90.67±2.2nm of CHP, 105.8±1.7nm of CHPC1 and 115.9±2.3nm of CHPC2. Moreover, the Zeta potential of CHP, CHPC1 and CHPC2 were -1.9±0.2mV, -9.6±0.3mV and -19.4±0.7mV. The size of ICG-loading CHP, CHPC1 and CHPC2 NPs increased to 109.4±2.7nm, 113.8±1.2nm and 30.6±3.5 nm, as the zeta potential decreased to -2.7±0.4mV, -12.5±1.6mV and -23.1 ±1.2mV. With the increasing degree of succinyl, the size increased and the zeta potential decreased. At the same time, the higher degree of succinyl drug-loading NPs have lower release and have increased the stability of ICG. We found that the blank-NPs had no significant toxicity to normal cells (HSF), as the ICG@CHP group had larger toxicity than the CHPCs and control. Moreover, the cellular uptake was decreased with the increased degree of succinyl.

Conclusion:

In this study, we successfully prepared CHPC2 carriers with the maximum negative surface charge, for follow-up research and providing new ideas for SLN.
Reproducibility of Facial Information in Three-Dimensional Reconstructed
Head Images: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Uchida Tatsuya , Kin Taichi , Sato Katsuya , Koike Tsukasa , Kiyofuji Satoshi , Takeda Yasuhiro , Niwa Ryoko , Saito Toki , Takashima Ikumi , Kawahara Takuya , Miyawaki Satoru , Oyama Hiroshi , Saito Nobuhito
Published: January 2023

Background:

Facial information acquired via three-dimensional reconstruction of head
computed tomography (CT) data may be considered personal information, which can be problematic
for neuroimaging studies. However, no study has verified the relationship between slice thickness and
face reproducibility. This study determined the relationship and match rate between image slice thickness
and face detection accuracy of face-recognition software in facial reconstructed models.

Methods:

Head CT data of 60 cases comprising entire faces obtained under conditions of non-contrast
and 1-mm slice thickness were resampled to obtain 2-10-mm slice-thickness data. Facial models, reconstructed
by image thresholding, were acquired from the data. We performed face detection tests per
slice thickness on the models and calculated the face detection rate. The reconstructed facial models
created from 1-mm slice-thickness data and other slice thicknesses were used as training and test data,
respectively. Match confidence scores were obtained via three programs, match rates were calculated
per slice thickness, and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the match rate trend.

Results:

In general, the face detection rates for the 1-10-mm slice thicknesses were 100, 100, 98.3,
98.3, 95.0, 91.7, 86.7, 78.3, 68.3, and 61.7 %, respectively. The match rates for the 2-10-mm slice
thicknesses were 100, 98.3, 98.3, 95.0, 85.0, 71.7, 53.3, 28.3, and 16.7 %, respectively.

Conclusions:

The reconstructed models tended to have higher match rates as the slice thickness decreased.
Thus, thin-slice head CT imaging data may increase the possibility of the information becoming
personally identifiable health information.
MR Imaging, MGMT Promoter Methylation Features and Prognostic
Analysis of Subventricular Zone Contacting IDH Wild-type Glioblastoma
Authors: Liu Ruoyu , Liu Qi , Zhao Kai , Liu Minghang , Sun Guochen , Xu Bainan
Published: January 2023

Background:

As the largest concentration of neural stem cells in adult brain, the subventricular
zone (SVZ) is considered to be a potential source of glioblastoma (GBM) occurrence in recent
years.

Methods:

In this study, 116 patients with glioblastoma treated at PLA General Hospital were retrospectively
reviewed. The features of SVZ contacting glioblastoma were analyzed in terms of MR imaging
and MGMT promoter methylation. We also evaluated the prognostic value of SVZ contacting in
GBM patients.

Results:

GBM with SVZ involvement on MRI is more likely to grow across the midline (36.8% vs.
6.9%, P=0.002), more often multifocal lesion (35.6% vs. 6.9%,P=0.003) and have a lower proportion
of MGMT promoter methylation (36.8% vs. 69.0%, P=0.003). The median overall survival and progression-
free survival of patients in the SVZ contacting group were 12 months and 7 months, while 25
months and 17 months in the non-contacting group (P<0.001, respectively). There was no significant
difference in overall survival (P=0.229) and progression-free survival (P=0.808) between patients with
different SVZ contacting regions. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that patients with MRI SVZ
involvement showed worse overall survival (HR=2.060, 95%CI 1.195-3.550，P=0.009) and progression-
free survival (HR=3.021, 95%CI 1.788-5.104，P<0.001).

Conclusion:

This study suggested that MRI SVZ involvement at diagnosis is an independent risk factor
for overall survival and progression-free survival in IDH wild-type glioblastoma patients. Based on
MR imaging, we also found that SVZ contacting glioblastomas had a larger proportion of crossing
midline tumors and multifocal lesions. In addition, patients with SVZ contact in our research presented
a lower proportion of MGMT promoter methylation.
Ethanolic Extract of Artemisia herba-alba Ameliorates Hyperinsulinemia
and Hyperglycemia-Induced HepG2 Cells Through Cell Survival
Promotion, Oxidative Stress Mitigation, and Insulin Signaling Restoration
Authors: Bourebaba Yasmina , Mularczyk Malwina , Kornicka-Garbowska Katarzyna , Marycz Krzysztof , Bourebaba Lynda , Kowalczuk Anna
Published: January 2023

Background:

In recent years, diabetes and its risk factors were linked to an augmented
occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are considered major causes of morbidity and
mortality in diabetes mellitus subjects. Hyperinsulinemia (HI) and hyperglycemia (HG) are recognized
as insulin resistance-inducers, which can trigger several alterations in cellular biogenesis besides
inflammatory signaling activation. As a folk medicine in many countries, Artemisia herbaalba
has been preclinically studied for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and showed
beneficial effects on hyperglycemia.

Methods:

In the current work, we explored the potential mechanisms underlying the antihyperglycemic
behavior of the ethanolic extract of A. herba-alba and its bioactive compounds.

Results:

Obtained data demonstrated that ethanolic extract of A. herba-alba enhances HepG2 viability and proliferation, decreases considerably the apoptosis, through the regulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways implying p53, p21 and Bcl-2 genes expression and Pan caspases activation under IR concentration at the lowest concentrations. A. herba-alba extract treatment additionally exhibited a potential antioxidant effect, evidenced by the significant decrease in total intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the improved mitochondrial transmembrane potential in HG/HI-challenged HepG2 cells (p < 0.001). Furthermore, A. herba-alba positively upregulated Irs1 and Irs2 as well as Akt/Pi3K pathway compared to insulin-resistant untreated cells, and subsequently stimulated glucose uptake in response to insulin infusion, as a consequence of its signal transduction restoration.

Conclusion:

Overall, the obtained data highlighted the beneficial effects of A. herba-alba ethanolic
extract in ameliorating insulin signaling and liver cells metabolic balance, and shed the light for
its use as a promising and safe therapeutic lead for the management of type 2 diabetes and underlying
metabolic failures.
Quality by Design Enabled Systematic Optimization of Calcineurin Inhibitor
loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles for Sustained Topical Delivery in Psoriasis
Authors: Ahlawat Priyanka , Patel Shruti , Dharmasi Abhay , Patel Asha
Published: January 2023

Background:

The present work describes the systematic development and optimization of
cyclosporine-A loaded biodegradable polymeric nanoparticulate system using quality by design paradigm,
to achieve an effective and sustained release of the cyclosporine-A to the targeted lesion of
plaque psoriasis.

Methods:

The polymeric nanoparticles were formulated using the solvent emulsification method using
Polycaprolactone and Hyaluronic acid as polymers. An Ishikawa fishbone diagram was constructed
for risk assessment and to describe various plausible product and process variables influencing the
quality target product profile. Critical process and product parameters were further optimized by Response
surface methodology using Central Composite Design by Minitab 19 Software. The development
and optimization of cyclosporine-A loaded biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles were further
carried out by developing the relationship of independent variables viz. amount of polymers polycaprolactone
and hyaluronic acid on dependent variables viz. particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment
efficiency and exploring their interactions. Validation of the model was done by checkpoint
analysis method.

Results:

The particle size, zeta potential, and Entrapment efficiency of the optimized polymeric nanoparticles
were found to be 317.2 ± 1.271, -0.249 ± 0.903 mV and 83.33 ± 1.124%, respectively. SEM
images of the lyophilized nanoparticles showed spherical particles. In-vitro drug release study showed
a slow and sustained release of 88.52 ± 1.10% of drugs up to 14 days.

Conclusion:

The nanoparticulate system would also help in overcoming the problem associated with
poor water solubility and low permeability of the drug and will explore drug loaded biodegradable
polymeric nanoparticles as a novel platform for effective therapy of psoriasis.
Study on Thermal Decomposition Mechanisms of Indian Honey of
Different Origins using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and
Vector Elemental Analyzer Techniques
Authors: Sajid Mohamad Abdul , Marojus Sateesh , Basha Hakeem Aleem , Chaudhary Anil Kumar , Jaleeli Kaleem Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Background:

This paper reports the thermal decomposition mechanisms of
five pure honey samples of Indian origin using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
and Euro Vector Elemental Analyzer (EVEA) techniques.

Methods:

We have identified three transition temperatures along with a change in specific
heat capacity (ΔCp), change in enthalpy (ΔH), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of these
samples. Finally, samples were subjected to thermal elemental analyses to quantify the
released amount of O, N, C, and H. Since glucose, fructose, and sucrose are the principal
ingredients, they are present in the honey sample, along with good numbers of other
organic molecules in small quantities. In addition, we have also recorded the C, H, and
O percentages of pure glucose, fructose, and sucrose powders and correlated the ratio of
C/H and C/O with honey samples.

Results:

The decomposition temperature for honey samples lies between 113.83°C and
127.07°C range. The ratios of these elements help us to ascertain the purity of these
samples as well as to identify the dominating percentage of principal ingredients present
in the given honey sample.

Conclusion:

The obtained experimental results were further used to identify the source
of origin and medicinal quality and stability of honey samples.
Microwave Assisted Aza-michael Additions Towards β-amino Acids
Authors: Yinqi Fan , Magdalini Matziari
Published: January 2023

Background:

β-amino acids are non-natural amino acids, where the amino group is
attached to the β-carbon instead of the α-carbon. Peptides containing β-amino acids present with
particular secondary structures and remarkable chemical and biological properties. β-peptides are
used as peptidomimetics, based on the resistance to hydrolysis in vivo, with various important applications
in the field of Medicine.

Methods:

Several synthetic methods have appeared in recent years, with the Aza- Michael conjugate
addition reactions, being a very effective approach towards β-amino acids. Microwave irradiation
mediated reactions have also attracted much interest since they significantly improve the
reaction yields while reducing the reaction time and avoiding by-products formation. The aim of
this project has been the development of a reliable and general synthetic methodology towards β2
and β3 amino acids with the use of conjugate additions of N-nucleophiles to substituted acrylate
derivatives. The application of effective catalysts has been also examined here.

Results:

The results show that the acrylate precursors of β2 and β3 amino acids with side chains
corresponding to Phe, Asp, Ile, Leu, Val, and Tyr have been synthesized successfully by using a
one-pot Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction, and they have been used for the addition of Nnucleophiles,
with a study on conditions and yields optimization.

Conclusion:

With the main challenge for β-amino acid synthesis being that there is still no general
method to synthesize different types of β-amino acids corresponding to all-natural α-amino
acids, the proposed synthetic methodology may offer this possibility.
Antimicrobial Therapeutic Strategies for Enterococcus faecalis In Dental
Infections - Past, Present and Future
Authors: Lokitha R.  , Nandakumar Namitha , Harish K.  , Arulmozhi P.  , Jayakumar Aarthi , Anbarasi K.  , Paul C. Benedict
Published: January 2023

Enterococcus faecalis is a common opportunistic pathogen that can infect various
tissues in the human body and in particular, the oral cavity. It has been implicated in periodontal
disease, oral mucosal lesions in immunocompromised patients, peri-implantitis, peri-radicular
abscesses, and root canal infections. They are also most prevalent in secondary endodontic
infections and are recognized as treatment-resistant bacteria in the root canal. Virulence factors
help in this pathogenicity as some factors aid its adherence to the surface. It has become a
research focus in recent times for its resistance to various antibiotics like vancomycin and so,
the search for alternative therapeutic approaches has also evolved. Although various chemical
irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX), iodine potassium iodide
(IKI), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) have been used for years, the
use of plant extracts and essential oils have attracted the researchers to explore their activity
against various dental pathogens like E. faecalis. Recently, it has been found that the phages
are more effective in treating biofilm than antibiotics and it has also been observed that they
are effective when used in combination with antibiotics. In this review, we have presented
various treatment strategies that have been in use for treating dental infections and also discussed
future therapeutic approaches, which, may help unfold promising novel strategies.
Error Prediction Method of Electronic Voltage Transformer based on Improved
Prophet Algorithm
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Zhong Yue , Abu-Siada Ahmed , Li Qiu
Published: January 2023

Background:

Electronic voltage transformer (EVT) is an essential metering device for
future substation automation systems. One of the main drawbacks of EVT is its poor long-term
stability, which affects its measurement accuracy. This will, in turn, adversely affect the entire
protection and control systems it is employed for.

Objective:

Aiming at reducing the EVT measurement error over long-term operation, an EVT error
prediction method combining Prophet, temporal convolutional network (TCN) and selfattention
is proposed in this paper.

Methods:

The proposed method is based on building prophet and TCN error prediction models to
estimate preliminary prediction values. On this basis, self-attention is introduced to further extract
features and make full use of the useful information in historical data. Then the secondary prediction
can be achieved, and the final predicted value can be reported as an output.

Results:

The proposed method is validated by applying the error data of an EVT in a substation to
its historical operation. The results show that the model can effectively predict the error trend of
EVT.

Conclusion:

The prediction results of this method are similar to the fluctuations of the actual values,
indicating that it provides a new reliable method for error prediction of EVT.