bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Challenges in Inspecting Internal Features for SLM Additive Manufactured Build Artifacts
Authors: Tawfik Ahmed , Racasan Radu , Bacheva Desi , Blunt Liam , Beerlink André , Bills Paul
Published: September 2020

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a process where the component is built layer by layer using powder or wire precursors. AM is a new and developing technology offering advantages over conventional subtractive machining in terms of design optimization and weight reduction and enabling the creation of complex internal and external features that are impossible to achieve with conventional subtractive machining. AM technologies continue to be the subject of rapid development and, consequently, the geometrical repeatability and mechanical properties of AM parts are still the subject of research. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is a nondestructive inspection method that can be utilized in characterizing and measuring the internal defects/features of metallic AM components and is becoming the go-to tool for AM metrology. This paper presents several challenges associated with the inspection of the internal features and defects. The parts utilized in the present study were a 10-mm aluminum (AlSi10Mg) AM artifact/sample manufactured using a Renishaw AM250 (Renishaw, UK) selective laser melting (SLM) AM system. The sample contains several “designed-in” internal features, varying in size from 50 µm to 1 mm, and located between 50 µm and 5 mm from the outer surfaces of the component. The features were designed as geometric features (spheres, cylinders, prisms, and helical prisms). A Nikon XTH 225 (Nikon Tring, UK) industrial XCT was used to analyze the internal features' location, form, and volume. The results from the XCT were compared to the prebuild slicing software to attempt to identify the cause of the variation from design. The sample was then physically sectioned to confirm the actual variation of the features from the design intent. After sectioning, the defects were characterized/verified using an Alicona G4 (Alicona, Graz) focus variation instrument. Data processing, surface determination processes, and defect analysis were carried out using VG Studio Max 3.1 (Volume Graphics, Heidelberg). The focus of this study is on identifying the limitations in designing, building, and characterizing micro internal features in AM SLM components.
Musical Expertise Facilitates Dissonance Detection On Behavioral, Not On Early Sensory Level
Authors: Linnavalli Tanja , Ojala Juha , Haveri Laura , Putkinen Vesa , Kostilainen Kaisamari , Seppänen Sirke , Tervaniemi Mari
Published: September 2020

Consonance and dissonance are basic phenomena in the perception of chords that can be discriminated very early in sensory processing. Musical expertise has been shown to facilitate neural processing of various musical stimuli, but it is unclear whether this applies to detecting consonance and dissonance. Our study aimed to determine if sensitivity to increasing levels of dissonance differs between musicians and nonmusicians, using a combination of neural (electroencephalographic mismatch negativity, MMN) and behavioral measurements (conscious discrimination). Furthermore, we wanted to see if focusing attention to the sounds modulated the neural processing. We used chords comprised of either highly consonant or highly dissonant intervals and further manipulated the degree of dissonance to create two levels of dissonant chords. Both groups discriminated dissonant chords from consonant ones neurally and behaviorally. The magnitude of the MMN differed only marginally between the more dissonant and the less dissonant chords. The musicians outperformed the nonmusicians in the behavioral task. As the dissonant chords elicited MMN responses for both groups, sensory dissonance seems to be discriminated in an early sensory level, irrespective of musical expertise, and the facilitating effects of musicianship for this discrimination may arise in later stages of auditory processing, appearing only in the behavioral auditory task.
Pendidikan Diniyah Formal : a Formal Curriculum for Pesantren in Indonesia
Authors: Syukron Ahmad , Samsudi Samsudi , Kustiono Kustiono
Published: September 2020

Starting from 2015, the ministry of religions and affairs of Indonesia has developed a type of formal education service, specially for pesantren by announcing Pendidikan Diniyah Formal (PDF). Some pesantren in Indonesia have implemented this kind of curriculum, so that it is necessary to conduct a study related to its implementation in order to acquire the whole description of its actualization in pesantren. This study aims to describe the implementation of PDF at APIK (Asrama Pendidikan Islam Kaliwungu), one of pesantren in Kaliwungu. This study belongs to case study and uses qualitative approach. The data were collected through interview, observation, and documentation in order to know the planning, implementation, and evaluation process of PDF. This study uses the model of Miles and Huberman which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing in analyzing the data. The research result shows the implementation of PDF at APIK including its learning objectives, materials, sources, time allotment, as well as the evaluation system has been appropriate with the basic rule of PDF established by the government. However, it still remains the specific characteristics of pesantren, including its local content, classroom management, as well as the learning strategy used such as bandongan and sorogan. The result of this study can be used as reference for other pesantren applying PDF and to facilitate some pesantren which have applied PDF in spreading its existence among Indonesian people, so that their graduates can be accepted in higher education institution as well as other formal institutions.
Recriações esquecidas em livro-brinquedo do conto intemporal A Gata Borralheira
Authors: Martins Diana Maria Ferreira , Reis da Silva Sara
Published: September 2020

O presente texto centra-se num conjunto de obras – no total, três, todas vindas a lume antes de 1974 (ano da instauração do regime democrático em Portugal) – que constituem recriações/versões do conto clássico Cinderela ou A Gata Borralheira e tem por objetivo contribuir para a ampliação da História da Literatura Infantil e Juvenil Portuguesa, e de um modo mais particular, da História do livro-objeto inscrito na Literatura para a infância em Portugal, um campo investigativo ostensivamente lacunar. Inscritas num período que, cremos, seminal da História do livro-brinquedo no contexto nacional, estas reinvenções do referido conto da tradição oral, amplamente difundido em traduções, adaptações e revisitações diversas até à contemporaneidade, tendem a aproximar os pequenos leitores do livro pelo fomento de laços afetivos com este objeto, seguindo de perto uma das tendências atualmente crescente da produção literária. A definição deste conjunto teve em consideração a diversidade verbo-icónica e plástica, bem como de estratégias gráficas/visuais (por exemplo, ao nível do próprio material de composição/produção do livro).
¿Es posible la justicia restaurativa en la delincuencia de cuello blanco?
Authors: Guardiola Lago María Jesús
Published: September 2020

La autora identifica tres aproximaciones en la evolución del concepto de justicia restaurativa y valora, en una de ellas, la viabilidad de que los delitos socioeconómicos puedan incluirse en ellas. Se analiza desde el fundamento y objetivos de la justicia restaurativa en los delitos de cuello blanco hasta los procesos restaurativos que resultarían más adecuados, teniendo en cuenta que los conceptos de daño, víctima, ofensor y comunidad deben ser adaptados para responder restaurativamente a este tipo de criminalidad. La necesaria complementariedad de la justicia restaurativa con el sistema de justicia penal, puede ser una oportunidad para repensar instituciones penales desde una perspectiva restaurativa. Sin embargo, un concepto amplio de justicia restaurativa corre el riesgo de desdibujar sus contornos y quedar absorbida por el sistema de justicia penal.
Study on contact force relaxation behavior of mortise-and-tenon joints considering tenon fits and grain orientations of tenon
Authors: Hu Wen Gang , Wan Hui , Guan Hui Yuan
Published: September 2020

A new method of testing mechanical properties of mortise-and-tenon joints is put forward. The contact force relaxation behavior of joints for 3 h with tenons in different grain orientations and tenon fits were studied. The results showed that the initial and final contact force of joints with tenons in radial grain orientation were all larger than those in tangential grain orientation in the same tenon fit. The regression equations generated in this paper were able to predict the contact force relaxation behavior of joints with tenons in different grain orientations, tenon fits, and time, and the errors were all within 20%. In addition, the ratio of loss for contact force of joints with tenons in radial grain orientations was greater than that with tenons in tangent in the same tenon fit. The ratios of loss decreased from 51% to 31% in two grain orientations of tenon with tenon fits increasing from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm with an increment of 0.1 mm. The method proposed in this paper was able to predict the contact force relaxation of mortise-and-tenon joints. The relaxation of contact force in a joint should be considered when designing mortise-and-tenon joint furniture.
Safety of anastomotic techniques and consequences of anastomotic leakage in patients with colorectal cancer: a single surgeon experience
Authors: Élthes Etele , Sala Daniela , Neagoe Radu Mircea , Sárdi Kálmán , Székely János
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Colorectal cancer is a common type of malignant disease of the digestive tract. Anastomotic leakage (AL) still represents a serious complication in gastrointestinal surgery, associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Methods. We conducted a retrospective case-control study and analyzed a single surgeon's data about 359 patients treated for colorectal cancer. Patients were divided as follows: Study Group (patients with AL - 37 patients) and Control Group (patients without AL - 322 patients). Surgical and anastomotic technique-related information was processed.

Results. Surgical procedures for right sided colon tumors resulted in a significantly lower rate of anastomotic leakage (P = 0.0231). For left sided colectomies end to end handsewn double layer anastomosis presented decreased odds (OR = 0.176). For sigmoid segmental resection end to end anastomotic techniques developed low rate of fistula formation (handsewn - OR = 0.593, stapled – OR = 0.685). Performing Dixon type surgical interventions, anastomotic techniques seemed without influence on anastomotic leak appearance (handsewn and stapled), although distal anastomoses were identified as significant risk factors for fistula formation (P = 0.0017). In order to perform subtotal colectomy, side to side sutures (handsewn and stapled) seemed safe choices for anastomotic procedure (P = 0.0073). Patient with anastomotic leakage suffered a significantly longer hospital stay (P = 0.0079), presented higher rate of surgical reintervention (P=0.0001), increased mortality (P=0.0001) and elevated hospitalization costs (P=0.0079).

Conclusion. Postoperative complications like anastomosis leakage significantly increase hospitalization period, necessity of surgical reintervention, mortality and financial costs. In order to avoid these unpleasant events, bowel anastomoses require standardization during surgery.
A Review on Prediction of Academic Performance of Students at-Risk Using Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Preet Kamal  , Sachin Ahuja
Published: September 2020

Educational data mining is the procedure of converting raw data collected from educational databases into some useful information. It can be helpful in designing and answering research questions like performance prediction of students in academics, factors that affect the students’ performance, help the teachers in understanding the problems faced by the students to understand the course content and complexity of the subject taken so that the teachers can take timely action to control the dropout rate. This also includes improving the teaching learning process so that the interventions can be taken at the right time to improve the performance of the student. This paper is the review of the research work done in the field of educational data mining for the prediction of students’ performance. The factors that influence the performance of the students i.e. the type of classrooms they attend such as traditional or on-line, socio-economic, educational background of the family, attitude toward studies and challenges faced by the students during course progress. These factors leads to the categorization of the students into three groups “Low-Risk”: who have High probability of succeeding, “Medium-Risk”: who may succeed in their examination, “High-Risk”: who have High probability of failing or drop-out. It elaborates the different ways to improve the teaching learning process by providing the students personal assistance, notes, class-assignments and special class tests. The most efficient techniques that are used in educational data mining are also reviewed such as; classification, regression, clustering and and prediction.
Ameliorative Potential of Aminophylline In Restrain Stress Induced Behavioural and Biochemical Alterations
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India, KAUR RAJNEET , KAUR MANJINDER ,   G.H.G Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India, ARORA POONAM ,   G.H.G Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sadhar, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Published: September 2020

This study is designed to investigate the attenuating prospective of aminophylline in immobilization stress generated behavioural changes in rats. Animals were exposed to restrain stress before being subjected to varying doses of aminophylline (1mg/kg, 2mg/kg and 4mg/kg). Behavioural changes were analyzed to assess the intensity and the degree of the stress, by estimating the changes in the exploratory behaviour, spontaneous activity and social behaviour using various paradigms. As a consequence of stress, the behavioral patterns so changed were assessed in the terms of changes in the locomotor activity, number of head dips and increased avoidance behaviour. Aminophylline (4mg/kg) modulated the stress produced changes in the behaviour and oxidative stress generated biochemical alterations in a significant manner (p<0.001). The results so obtained suggest that upon exposure to stress, animal behavioural patterns, biochemical markers levels changed and these changes were efficiently modulated by aminophylline at therapeutic doses.
Microneedle Mediated Vaccine Delivery: A Comprehensive Review
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India, Arora Anureet , Nagpal Manju ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, Aggarwal Geeta ,   Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector 3, Pushpvihar, New Delhi, India
Published: September 2020

Microneedles can be representative for paradigm shift of drug delivery from patient non-compliant parenteral injections to patient compliant drug delivery system, which can be utilized for administration of vaccines particularly along with macromolecular/micromolecular drugs. The concept of microneedles came into existence many decades ago but the use of microneedles to achieve efficient delivery of drugs into the skin became subject of research from mid of 1990’s. Various types of microneedles were utilized to enhance delivery of drugs and vaccines including solid microneedles for pre-treatment of skin to enhance drug permeability, dissolvable polymeric microneedles encapsulating drugs, microneedles coated with drugs and hollow microneedles for infusion of drugs through the skin. Microneedles have shown promising delivery of vaccines through skin in literature. But the successful utilization of this system for vaccine drug delivery mainly depends on design of device to facilitate microneedle infusion, vaccine stability and storage in system, recovery of skin on removal of microneedle and improved patient compliance. This article reviews the conventional and advanced methods of vaccine drug deliver, microneedles for drug delivery, types of microneedles, advantages of microneedles and potential of microneedles for vaccine drug delivery.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors As Potential Therapeutic Agents For Various Disorders
Authors:   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, Thapa Kajal , Kumar Savir ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, Sharma Anurag ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, Arora Sandeep ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, Grewal Amarjot Kaur ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401, Singh Thakur Gurjeet ,   Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-140401
Published: September 2020

Epigenetic modification acetylation or deacetylation of histone considered as an important element in various disorders. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are the enzymes which catalyse the acetylation and deacetylation of histone respectively. It helps in regulating the condensation of chromatin and transcription of genes. Lysine acetylation and deacetylation present on the nucleosomal array of histone is the key factor for gene expression and regulation in a normal working living cell. Modification in histone protein will lead to the development of cancer and can cause various neurodegenerative disorders. To safeguard the cells or histone proteins from these diseases histone deacetylase inhibitors are used. In this review, the main focus is upon the role of histone deacetylases inhibitors in various diseases.
UV Method Development and Validation of Ellagic Acid for its Rapid Quantitative Estimation
Authors:   Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP- 201303, India, Kaur Harsheen , Thakkar Arti ,   Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP- 201303, India, Nagpal Kalpana
Published: September 2020

Development and validation of a simple UV- Spectroscopy method was done for the quantitative analysis of Ellagic Acid (EA). The stock solution of 50μg/ml was prepared and scanned, for which absorption maxima was found to be 277nm. Further dilutions to different concentrations (1-5μg/ ml) were prepared and analyzed at 277nm. The method so developed was validated as per ICH guidelines for: linearity, robustness, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and quantification. The Lambert- Beer’s law is followed in the range (1-5μg/ml) with correlation coefficient value 0.9994. It was observed that the method is precise and accurate for EA analysis with good recovery percent of 94.47% to 106.83%. The method developed was further employed for determining the entrapment efficiency of ellagic acid and its release from its nanoparticle dosage form. The method may be utilized for determining the concentration of EA when present as formulation and in combination with other drugs.
Class entities from timber house production sector in Brazil
Authors: De Araujo Victor Almeida , Lopes João Paulo Cachaneski , Morales Elen Aparecida Martines , Cortez-Barbosa Juliana , Gava Maristela , Garcia José Nivaldo
Published: September 2020

Corporate representativeness is an important issue for engineering and its industrial sectors, considering that producer associations can defend represent the rights and ambitions of their members. This study aims to investigate timber housing producer participation in generalist organizations, as well as to identify which examples of class entities could be created to consolidate this industry in the Brazilian scenario. A short survey was personally applied to entrepreneurs from the timber house production sector in Brazil. This survey was based in four qualitative queries, whose responses were converted into percentage. The studied producers revealed that the sector does not have an official organization to represent them, forcing them to search for different representation mechanisms from other sectors related to this industry. The lack of corporate and/or labor representation is visible to the point where several interviewed entrepreneurs declared the need to create unions for workers, as well as class associations for producers. Thus, suggestions for a new organization were described to establish a direction for organizing this sector in Brazil.
Resilient Module Soil-Cement Prediction based on Setting Temperature
Authors: Hernández García Liliana Carolina , Lizarazo Salamanca Nelson Fernando
Published: September 2020

This research correlates the setting temperature of the Soil Cement (SC) with its resilient modulus, based on the maturity index of three mixtures made with different types of cements: general use, High Early Resistance, and Moderate Heat of Hydration. Each mix design has a compressive strength of 4,5 MPa at 7 days of age and durability measured with the 10% wetting and drying test. The method consisted of curing the samples of the three mix designs at three different temperatures -11, 30, and 40 ◦C- and then monitoring the development of the temperature within the samples during the first thirty hours. At 28 days of age, the resistance modulus of the samples was measured with cyclic triaxial equipment. After analyzing the results, a linear equation was deduced which would facilitate quality control during the construction process. This prevents microcracking of the compacted layers, since their fracturing is not neccessary during the extraction of nuclei and field density tests.
Refining of the solid fraction of sheep feces digestates from an anaerobic digester
Authors: Sosa Olivier Jose Aurelio , Laines Canepa Jose Ramon
Published: September 2020

Anaerobic digestion is a technology used in the degradation of organic waste, with the possibility of obtaining products such as biogas and digestates, which have significant nutrient concentrations. However, using them without any prior treatment can cause various problems, due to the presence of unstabilized organic matter and excessive concentrations of nutrients reaching phytotoxic levels, as well as water and air contamination. Therefore, in this work, we present a refining process of solid digestates from a biodigester fed with sheep feces, by means of vermicomposting, in combination with plant waste, and using earthworms of the species E. andrei and E. fetida. The digestate values at the end of the vermicomposting showed to be within optimal ranges of electrical conductivity, with values ≤4 dS/m. The pH values were between 5,39 and 7. The percentage of organic matter was between 20 and 50%. It could be proven that the refining process increased the concentration of K for groups F 50:50, F 75:25, and A 75:25, with a value of P = 0,0001. Treatments with E. fetida showed the highest concentrations (g/L) of N = 2,71 ± 1,10, P = 0,89 ± 0,69 and K = 4,01 ± 1,57. The importance of giving added value to the products generated during anaerobic digestion processes contributes to better yields and quality in their use and commercialization.
Soft Skills in Engineers, a Relevant Field of Research: Exploring and Assessing Skills in Italian Engineering Students
Authors: Caggiano Valeria , Redomero-Echeverría Teresa , Poza-Lujan Jose-Luis , Bellezza Andrea
Published: September 2020

Soft skills are important for any career and are necessary to access and face the labor market. This research focuses on soft skills by exploring engineer profiles. It also determines how soft skills are developed through the study of a representative sample of 314 undergraduate engineering students from 15 different Italian universities. The instrument used is a questionnaire that investigates soft skills and is based on the Business-focused Inventory of Personality (BIP). Answers are grouped into four areas: intrapersonal, interpersonal, activity development, and impression management. Results show that these engineers have more self-confidence than the reference sample; they demonstrated a great commitment in setting job goals and pursuing projects, a good emotional adaptation to social situations, and enough attitudes in terms of problem solving and openness to change. Perception on the ability to work under pressure is in the average, and they seem ready to take on challenging tasks. The score shows that engineers from the sample are able to express positive and negative ideas and feelings in balance with the reference average, but sometimes they have difficulties in establishing personal relationships. Therefore, they are unable to understand the moods of those who around them and may also have difficulty in understanding their expectations. This results in some difficulties in teamwork. The general result underlines the opportunity of empowerment programs regarding soft skills.
Alkali-activated concretes based on fly ash and blast furnace slag: Compressive strength, water absorption and chloride permeability
Authors: Angulo-Ramírez Daniela Eugenia , Valencia-Saavedra William Gustavo , Mejía de Gutiérrez Ruby
Published: September 2020

Concretes based on alkaliactivated binders have attracted considerable attention as new alternative construction materials, which can substitute Portland Cement (OPC) in several applications. These binders are obtained through the chemical reaction between an alkaline activator and reactive aluminosilicate materials, also named precursors. Commonly used precursors are fly ash (FA), blast furnace slag (GBFS), and metakaolin. The present study evaluated properties such as compressive strength, rate of water absorption (sorptivity), and chloride permeability in two types of alkaliactivated concretes (AAC): FA/GBFS 80/20 and GBFS/OPC 80/20. OPC and GBFS/OPC* concretes without alkaliactivation were used as reference materials. The highest compressive strength was observed in the FA/GBFS concrete, which reported 26,1% greater strength compared to OPC concrete after 28 days of curing. The compressive strength of alkaliactivated FA/GBFS 80/20 and GBFS/OPC 80/20 was 61 MPa and 42 MPa at 360 days of curing, respectively. These AAC showed low permeability to the chloride ion and a reduced water absorption. It is concluded that these materials have suitable properties for various applications in the construction sector.
Funciones Ejecutivas en Estudiantes con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje al Comienzo de la Escolarización Básica
Authors: Ambiado-Lillo Manuel Matías , Navarro Juan-José , Ibáñez-Alfonso Joaquín A.
Published: September 2020

Las funciones ejecutivas (FE) constituyen un conjunto de habilidades implicadas en el control y regulación del funcionamiento cognitivo. La relación entre FE y desarrollo del lenguaje es especialmente relevante en la conceptualización de los trastornos lingüísticos. El objetivo del estudio consistía en explorar el uso diferencial de FE en dos grupos: Desarrollo Lingüístico Típico (DLT) y Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). Participaron 44 estudiantes (56,82% niños), 22 DLT y 22 TEL, con edades entre 6,00–6,92 años (M=6.17, DT=.19). El factor diagnóstico previo mostró efectos significativos en atención ejecutiva (p<.001, η2 parcial =.77), memoria de trabajo (p<.001, η2 parcial =.67), flexibilidad cognitiva (p<.01, η2 parcial =.15), y planificación (p<.001, η2 parcial =.63). En todos los casos, salvo en flexibilidad cognitiva, el tamaño del efecto fue fuerte. Los resultados avalarían la tesis de no especificidad en TEL y la posible presencia de disfunciones cognitivas generales que subyacen al trastorno
Psychosocial Processes of Discrimination Against Women in the Workplace
Authors: Maribondo Albuquerque Iara , Rosas Torres Ana Raquel , Álvaro Estramiana José Luis , Garrido Luque Alicia
Published: September 2020

This work aimed to analyze the influence of stereotypes on discrimination against women. Specifically, it investigated the effects of the candidate gender (man vs. woman), the status regarding parental leave (exercising the right vs. waiving the right), and the stereotypes of competence, sociability, and morality regarding this discrimination. Consistent with previous studies, the candidate gender and the parental leave status interact and together influence discrimination against women (Study 1, F(1, 229)=22.45, p<.001). In turn, the triple interaction of candidate gender, parental leave status, and the three dimensions of stereotypes (Study 2, F4, 587)=2.73, p=.030, ƞ²=.018) revealed that the woman who took parental leave received more positive evaluations in the three stereotypical dimensions, in comparison with to the woman who waived her right to the leave, and, at the same time, she was poorly assessed in the competence dimension, compared to the man who exercises the same right (Study 2, N=312)
Empathy and Personality Styles in Medical Students
Authors: Dávila Pontón Yolanda , Reyes Reyes Alejandro , Calzadilla Núñez Aracelis , Díaz Narváez Víctor Patricio , Utsman Robert , Torres Martínez Pilar Alejandra
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to establish the relationship between empathy and personality styles in medical students, considering the differences by gender. The participants were 278 students of the medical career of the Universidad del Azuay, Ecuador. They were evaluated using the Jefferson empathy scale and the Millon Index of Personality Styles. Relationships between empathy and personality styles were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis, for comparisons by gender and educational levels; with both Student's t test and analysis of variance used respectively. Results indicated that the factor structure of the empathy scale is invariant between men and women, noticing gender differences in care with compassion and total empathy, with women presenting a higher mean. Differences are observed by educational level, where the general empathy in the first three years grows progressively, and then slightly decrease. In conclusion,  female students present a mean score of total empathy greater than men, with differences of empathy according to educational level
Peran Aktor Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar Dalam Mengatasi Penyebaran COVID-19 Di Indonesia
Authors: Suherman Diki
Published: September 2020

Indonesia is one of the countries affected by COVID-19 (corona virus), Local Distance and Rafid Test (Mass Test) as a step to overcome corona so that it does not spread widely. However, the fact is that positive cases in Indonesia occurred at the beginning of March which increased, on April 5, 2020, positive cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia reached 2,273 cases, 198 died and 164 recovered. The Indonesian government issued a new policy in dealing with the spread of COVID-19 (corona) through the Large-Scale Social Restriction Policy (PSBB) as an effort to break the chain of the spread of this virus which was stipulated in Government Regulation No.21 of 2020 concerning Large-Scale Social Restrictions in the Context of Accelerated Handling of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this journal is to describe the role of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) policy actors in overcoming the spread of COVID-19 (corona). The method used is qualitative by collecting data using library research sourced from journals, regulations and articles related to policy actors in overcoming COVID-19 (corona) and accountable information media. The results of this journal show that the large role of actors involved in the Large-Scale Social Clearance (PSBB) policy in breaking the chain of the spread of COVID-19 (corona) in Indonesia, this policy can work well when collaboration is built with 5 (five elements) subject or stakeholder elements , namely: Academicians (Academics), Business (Entrepreneurs), Community (society), Government (government) and Media (Mass Media).
Robbe-Grillet in America: TheNouveau RomanMeets the Language Textbook
Authors: Kippur Sara
Published: September 2020

How could American students of intermediate French be the catalysts for a work of avant-garde French literature? This article centers onLe rendez-vous, an intermediate French-language textbook that combined a novel written by the French New Novelist Alain Robbe-Grillet with grammatical exercises written by Yvone Lenard, a prominent textbook author and instructor of French in the United States. Focusing on previously unexamined archives of this publication, from its release in America to the publication of Robbe-Grillet's novel in France under the titleDjinn, the essay reveals an unknown literary history of transnational collaboration and exchange and places new emphasis on Robbe-Grillet's formative involvement with American higher education during his literary career. Through close reading of manuscript drafts and publishers' papers, the essay demonstrates how the dynamics of global publishing and shifting trends in language pedagogy aligned to condition the production of what would become Robbe-Grillet's most commercially successful novel.
Propulsive Energies
Authors: Allen Chadwick
Published: September 2020

Alas, I missed the opportunity to be a first reader of tommy orange's phenomenal debut, there there, and thus to become a literary influencer by dashing off exclamatory reviews or crafting pithy posts on social media. Although I was gifted a hardback soon after the novel's publication in 2018, and although I meant to read it swiftly, There There sat among a stack of “must reads” for more than a year. By the time I cracked the spine, early readers had already swayed the public and moved on. Nonetheless, I was determined to form my own opinion, so I avoided professional assessments. What I could not avoid was the general buzz surrounding Orange and his work.
1. CDS Annotation Enhancement for a Pathway Tools PGDB v1
Authors: P Harhay Gregory
Published: September 2020

The publication of closed bacterial genomes is increasing exponentially, and except for a handful of genomes, these genomes are machine annotated. Automated bacterial genome annotation services are focused on providing a parsimonious annotation of the genome in a high-throughput environment. Automated annotation systems leverage existing genome annotation and models and perform admirably in prudentially defining genomic features that can be used in downstream wet laboratory and computational processes, especially when very little experimental literature and functional annotation is available. However, in a departure from a strictly prudential approach, a scientist may be willing to accept potential annotation error in exchange for an enhanced and enlarged basis to develop and test hypotheses. Augmenting the prudential annotation with ab initio computed functional and regulatory features provides additional insight into pathways, transporters, and other biologically important entities or processes, especially when exploited using an integrated systems biology system. Making this data available and editable from a central database facilitates a more efficient means to annotate the genome with experimental evidence, especially in a multi-user environment. We present an approach for augmenting a bacterial GenBank genome annotation file with Gene Ontology terms and Enzyme Commission numbers in a form suitable for inputting into the Pathway Tools systems biology platform to create a custom pathway and genome database. This database is further enhanced with putative promoters and transcription factors computed in separate processes. We demonstrate this approach with the occasional ruminant respiratory pathogen Mannheimia haemolytica and the enteric pathogens Salmonella enterica enterica and E. coli O157:H7. In an era when it possible to routinely sequence, assemble, close, and annotate a novel microbial genome in days, our approach enhances existing annotation to more fully exploit systems biology systems to assess the genome’s biological potential, as well as to formulate and test hypotheses.
Ethical explications of "visual turn" in contemporary culture
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shynkarenko O. B.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the coverage of possible ethical conclusions from the stated "visual turn" in the study of contemporary transformations of culture. The rapid growth of digital technological capabilities, which began at the end of the twentieth century and intensified in recent decades, has been characterized by changes in the nature and role of visualization in the socio-cultural space of the present. The socio- cultural effects of the reversal of cultural practice on the dominance of the visual component cause the urgent need to integrate ethical research into the scientific discourse on visualization, visual image, visual perception, and their influence on the state of human readiness for new behavioral requests and social relationships. Among the multi-sectoral discussions, "visual ethics" also took its place. However, the ethical aspect here is more related to the problems of regulating the relations that arise in the process of visual production (photojournalism, visual communication in the media, advertising content, etc.). It is considered in a certain applied aspect – as moral aspects of the relations of subjects and visual communication in the process of production and consumption of visual products. At the same time, visual studies tend to analyze imagistic representations while ignoring many of the ethical dimensions involved. The study of sociocultural practice, which has radically returned to the visual as its dominant characteristic and yet burdened by the dominance of new technologies of mediation by the loss of the directness of human contact, atomization, require a broader anthropological understanding of the formation of man as an active social actor. Such a task is seen in addressing the problem of a new reading of the problem of the correlation of ethos and aesthesis. For the "visual turn" as a trend of modern cultural studies, ethical orientation is seen in the trend of subject design of visual ethics as one of the areas of visual research.
Hasenekevleri (Maden-Elazığ) Güneyindeki Diyabazlarda Gelişen Hidrotermal Cu Cevherleşmesinin Jeolojisi ve Alterasyon Jeokimyası
Authors: YALÇIN Cihan , KUMRAL Mustafa , KAYA Mustafa , KARAMAN Muhittin
Published: September 2020

Türkiye’nin en önemli bakır yataklarından biri olan Maden
(Elazığ) yatağı boyunca Orta Eosen yaşlı Maden Grubuna ait litolojiler
bulunmaktadır. Bu litolojiler, volkanik kayaçlar ve sedimanter kayaçlardan
oluşmakta ve KB-GD ve KD-GB uzanımlı faylar tarafından kesilmektedir. Maden
(Elazığ) ilçesinin yaklaşık 12 km güneybatısında yer alan Hasenekevleri
(Maden-Elazığ) bölgesinde Maden Grubuna ait diyabazlar içerisinde kırık
hatlarında kuvars damarları ile ilişkili Cu zenginleşmeleri bulunmaktadır.
Damar tipi ve epijenetik oluşumlu cevherleşme ortalama 30 m genişliğinde 100 m
uzunluğundadır. Cevher damarları 1-5 cm arasında değişmekte ve Cu %2,45
değerine kadar ulaşmaktadır. Cevher süksesyonu pirit, kalkopirit, bornit,
kovellit, götit ve malakit şeklindedir. Kırık hatları boyunca gelişen
hidrotermal alterasyon sonucunda yan kayaçlarda serisitleşme, kloritleşme ve
piritleşme yaygın olarak gözlenmektedir. Cevher zonunda yapılan alterasyon
jeokimyası çalışmalarında indeks değerleri (CIA); 15,72-85,90,
klorit-karbonat-pirit indeksi (CCPI) değerleri; 56,94-98,51 ve alterasyon
indeksi (AI) değerleri ise 13,51-98,05 arasındadır. Cevher oluşumunun
hidrotermal alterasyonların görüldüğü kırık hatlarında gözlenmesi cevherleşmede
yapısal kontrolün etkin olduğunu göstermektedir.
Chronological events in neonatal auditory screening - review
Authors: Munjal Manish , Munjal Vineeta , Bansal Vasu , Munjal Shubham
Published: September 2020

Neonatal screening for auditory impairment necessitates a meticulous and exhaustive work to detect at an early age this deficit and thereby plan an appropriate rehabilitative modality test, the speech maybe effected.
The contradictions in the existing physics and the psychological factors that influence them to be valued
Authors: Tu Runsheng
Published: September 2020

Besides the limitation of cognition level, the factors that affect the correctness of academic evaluation are as follows: collusion-recognization effect, backfire effect, cognitive maladjustment, inattentional blindness and aesthetic fatigue. It's hard for readers (especially the reviewers of academic achievements) not to fall into the trap. Therefore, the probability of misjudgment of academic achievements of "questioning and denying current prevailing theories or creating new theories" is very high. The intolerable contradictions in the existing physical theories, such as space paradox, time paradox, quantum entanglement paradox, are exposed by means of thought experiments and "to present the facts, reason things out", and take these works as examples to reveal the formation and utilization of these adverse psychological effects. The conclusions are as follows: both special relativity and Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics have fatal injury; it is difficult to eliminate the misjudgment of academic achievements, but the misjudgment rate can be reduced. The concepts of “invariance of spatial attribution” and “inaction association” are established. These works can urge readers to treat new and old physics theories more carefully, promote the development of physics, and promote the birth and improvement of the evaluation theory of science and technology.
Introduction and evaluation of pharmacovigilance for beginners
Authors: Gawai Pushpraj P.
Published: September 2020

Drugs safety profile monitoring is an essential element for the effective use of medicines and for high quality medical care. Pharmacovigilance (PV), is the pharmacological science relating to the collection, detection, assessment, monitoring, and prevention of adverse effects with pharmaceutical products. The PV comes in picture after elixir sulfanilamide tragedy of 1937 and in the late 1950s and early 1960s, more than 10,000 children in 46 countries were born with deformities such as phocomelia as a consequence of thalidomide use has opened the eyes of drug regulators as well as consumers to establish a way to ensure drug safety. The hospitalization due to adverse drug reaction (ADR) in USA is about or more than 10%. In addition, it is estimates that 15-20% of the hospital inpatient suffers from ADRs. Now the pharmacovigilance system is globalised, strengthen and systematized after the establishment of World Health Organization (WHO) Programme for International Drug Monitoring. The patient safety is now becoming the priority area of pharmaceuticals. In this article, we are describing brief history and introduction of PV that will help to understand PV for beginners.
Distance (Remote) Learning: on the issue of its efficiency and accessibility
Authors: Kliucharev Grigori A.
Published: September 2020

The issue of the feasibility of a significant increase in the share of distance (remote) learning in modern higher education and a reduction in-side (auditorium) classes is discussed. The following factors were taken into account: the quality of education, its accessibility, the specifics of distance learninf, economic benefits, the personification of training courses, the monitoring and evaluation of the acquisition of knowledge, the awareness of the possibilities of distance learning, the attitude of the faculty stuff and university administrations towards them. It is shown that distance learning provides high-quality education, personifies the educational process, most fully implements the key-principle of LLL - "learn when, how and where you feel comfortable." Based on the internal needs of universities - the solution of personnel problems, the optimization of the educational process, the desire to improve the quality of education and its competitiveness - the possible benefits that stimulate the use of online courses in educational programs are indicated. The role of informal distance learning, which can become an effective means of educational work in higher school, is studied. It becomes an effective mean of socializing not only students, but other youth groups (for example, blogging community). Already today group self-education is actively developing, especially within the framework of informal network communities, public and religious associations. In these socio-political processes, universities can occupy an important domain that society initially assigned to them and which they more or less successfully mastered along while their entire history.
OS M?BÊNGÔKRE DE SÃO FÉLIX DO XINGU
Authors: Gomes Edson De Freitas
Published: September 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é mostrar como aconteceu o processo de formação histórica dos M?bêngôkre, localizados no Sul do Pará entre os rios Xingu e Araguaia. Os dados coletados para o trabalho vêm de diferentes fontes bibliográficas, como teses de doutorado, dissertações de mestrado, da área de Linguística e de Antropologia; dados de órgãos governamentais, ONGs e recortes de jornais, além de relatos de falantes da língua para o autor nas conversas em aldeias, durante estadas do pesquisador. Falar sobre os M?bêngôkre de São Félix do Xingu é uma forma de identificá-los dentre os grupos M?bêngôkre, localizados no norte do Mato Grosso, grupos que assim como os Gorotire são chamados de Kayapó, e os Xikrin, localizados em Parauapebas e Altamira, grupo que não é considerado Kayapó, mas que é M?bêngôkre; e alguns grupos considerados extintos como o Irã’ãmrãire e Kararaô. Há a menção aos possíveis desdobramentos do contato com a sociedade branca.
Venous thromboembolism prevention protocol for adapting prophylaxis recommendations to the potential risk post total knee replacement: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Alameri Mariam A. , Syed Sulaiman Syed A. , Ashour Abdullah M. , Al-Saati Ma’ad F.
Published: September 2020

Background: Total knee replacement (TKR) is a major orthopedic surgery that is considered high risk for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes that resulted from the use of a new proposed VTE risk stratification protocol for selecting a suitable extended VTE prophylaxis for post TKR surgery patients administered in conjunction with patient education programs.

Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in two medical centers in Saudi Arabia. A total of 242 patients were enrolled in the study, 121 patients in each group. The experimental group (A) was assessed by using the proposed VTE risk stratification protocol and also took part in patient education programs about TKR and its complications. The control group (B) was assessed by using the 2005 Caprini risk assessment tool and no education programs were given to this group. Both groups were followed for 35 days post operation.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 65.86 (SD 8.67) and the majority of them were female 137 (56.6%). The mean body mass index of the study sample was 32.46 (SD 5.51). There were no significant differences between the two groups except for surgery type; the proportion of bilateral TKR in group A was higher than in group B (69/121 (28.5%) vs. 40/121(16.5%), p˂0.05). There were no confirmed pulmonary embolism cases in the study sample and diagnosis of deep-vein thrombosis was confirmed in 12/242 (5.0%) of patients: 1/121 (0.8%) in group A and 11/121 (9.1%) in group B (p˂0.05). The readmission rate for all patients was 2.5% (6/242), all of whom were in group B (p˂0.05).

Conclusion: The proposed VTE risk stratification protocol that was applied in conjunction with patient education programs reduced VTE complications and readmission events, post TKR surgery.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04031859.