bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What are the Enablers and Impacts of Digital Financial Services? An Updated Evidence Gap Map
Authors: Mader Philip
Published: July 2024

Digital financial services (DFS), including mobile money services, have expanded rapidly over the last decade, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This expansion has been accompanied by claims that DFS can alleviate poverty, empower women, help businesses grow, and improve macroeconomic outcomes and government effectiveness. As DFS have become more widespread, governments have increasingly targeted DFS revenues and profits. This has sparked political controversy in some countries and critics have raised concerns that such taxes may undermine financial inclusion and prevent benefits for poor people arising from financial inclusion. Given the rapid expansion of DFS and the hopes placed in them, as well as the proliferation of taxes on DFS, an overview of the evidence on what the enablers and barriers of DFS are, and what the impacts of DFS are, can help policymakers and academic researchers make better-informed assessments about the implications of DFS and decisions about whether and how to tax them. The authors undertook an evidence overview in May 2021in the form of an Evidence Gap Map (EGM), adopting the EGM approach developed by 3ie, and we performed an updated search for new evidence in November 2022. This brief reports on the findings from our EGM after the updated search.
A Climate Treaty for the Global Taxation of Carbon
Authors: Tatiana Falcão
Published: July 2024

This paper serves as explanatory notes to the development of a text for a climate treaty to tax carbon on a global basis – a Multilateral Carbon Tax Treaty (MCTT). Several leading practitioners and academics in their respective fields provided inputs to drafting the MCTT. The MCTT comes at a crucial point in history. There are recurrent requests to establish a global taxation regime, or a cooperative solution, to transition away from fossil fuels as the main source of energy supply. The momentum for change comes from: (a) a growing number of initiatives from countries with a history of furthering carbon pricing instruments that foster climate mitigation goals, and (b) growing pressure from countries now severely impacted by the effects of climate change, potentially compromising their very existence. The MCTT is put forward as the instrument capable of making the first of many moves towards equitable change. It takes into account the economic capabilities of each country through the implementation of differentiated carbon tax rates. Summary of ICTD Working Paper 187.
Literasi Digital Santri Milenial: Studi Kasus Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzul Quran Al-Jihadul Chakim Mojokerto
Authors: Abdulloh Hamid  , Al Watsiqoh Mila Haibatu , Mohd Kamarulnizam bin Abdullah  , Moh. Hafiyusholeh
Published: July 2024

Pesantren adalah Lembaga pendidikan klasik yang masih eksis hingga saat ini. Seiring perkembangan zaman, kini Lembaga pesantren selalu memiliki Lembaga pendidikan formal yakni berupa sekolah atau madrasah. Siswa/santri yang tinggal di pesantren diidentikkan sebagai siswa/santri yang tidak mengenal kemajuan jaman, apalagi mereka tidak diizinkan menggunakan alat komunikasi berupa handphone. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkapkan terkait upaya dan usaha Lembaga pendidikan berbasis pesantren MTs Al-Jihadul Chakim dalam memfasilitasi siswanya agar melek literasi digital untuk keberlangsungan hidup yang seimbang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan berfokus pada literasi digital. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa MTs Al-Jihadul Chakim sebagai madrasah berbasis pesantren memberikan program dan fasilitas agar siswinya memiliki kemampuan literasi digital. Bentuk dari upaya tersebut berupa program-program madrasah seperti pembelajaran berbasis TIK, pendampingan dalam mengelola media sosial dengan bijak, pembinaan skill desain grafis dan foto/videografi.
KAJIAN SEMIOEDUKASI DALAM NOVEL SEJARAH KARYA GESTA BAYUADHY [SEMIOTIC-EDUCATIONAL STUDY IN THE HISTORICAL NOVEL BY GESTA BAYUADHY]
Authors: Purwanto Petrus , Tjahjono Tengsoe , Rengganis Ririe
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aims to describe the main character values that are the priority of the Strengthening Character Education (PPK) movement in Gesta Bayuadhy's historical novels, namely Ranggalawe: Mendung di Langit Majapahit and Mahapatih Nambi: Percik Api di Jantung Majapahit. The approach used is semioeducational based on the semiotic theory of Charles Sanders Peirce. This type of research is qualitative which focuses on the presentation of data in a narrative manner. In collecting data using library techniques, reading, and taking notes. The data analysis technique was carried out using a semioeducational approach through reading the historical novel by Gesta Bayuadhy in a heuristic and hermeneutic way. The semioeducational approach is carried out to interpret education, in the form of the main character values through Peirce's semiotic signs, namely representamen, object, and interpretant. The results showed that the main values of religious, nationalist, integrity, independent, and mutual cooperation characters with variants that are built through representamen, objects, and interpretants in the historical novel by Gesta Bayuadhy.

 

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai utama karakter yang menjadi prioritas gerakan Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter (PPK) dalam novel sejarah karya Gesta Bayuadhy, yakni Ranggalawe: Mendung di Langit Majapahit dan Mahapatih Nambi: Percik Api di Jantung Majapahit. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah semioedukasi dengan berpedoman pada teori semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif yang berfokus pada pemaparan data secara naratif. Dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pustaka, baca, dan catat. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan semioedukasi melalui pembacaan novel sejarah karya Gesta Bayuadhy secara heuristik dan hermeneutik. Pendekatan semioedukasi dilakukan guna menafsirkan edukasi, berupa nilai utama karakter melalui tanda semiotika Peirce, yakni representamen, object, dan interpretant. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya nilai utama karakter religius, nasionalis, integritas, mandiri, dan gotong royong dengan berbagai variannya yang dibangun melalui representamen, object, dan interpretant dalam novel sejarah karya Gesta Bayuadhy.
Pemetaan Tingkat Kerawanan Jalan Rusak Berdasarkan Struktur Tanah dan Jenis Kendaraan yang Melintas pada Kecamatan Sukorejo Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Pahlevy Fahrizal Novan , Astutik Sri , Pangastuti Era Iswara , Kurnianto Fahmi Arif , Susiati Ana
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kerawanan jalan rusak berdasarkan struktur tanah dan kendaraan yang melintas. Metode survei dan pengamatan digunakan dalam pengambilan data primer berupa sampel tanah dan kendaraan pada jalan di Kecamatan Sukorejo. Sampel tanah diambil secara purposive random sampling dengan 22 titik sampel berdasarkan jalur mobilisasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif untuk menjelaskan kerawanan jalan rusak dan dampaknya terhadap kendaraan. Hasil menunjukkan persebaran potensi kerusakan jalan dengan kerawanan sangat tinggi berada pada Jl. Raya Sukorejo bagian utara dan Jl. Raya Surabaya-Malang dan kerawanan tinggi berada pada Jl. Desa Sekarjalak, Jl. Raya Sukorejo bagian selatan dan ruas Jl. Raya Sukorejo.
Pengembangan e-LKPD Geografi Berbasis Design Canva Sebagai Sumber Belajar Pada Materi Pengetahuan Dasar Pemetaan Siswa SMA
Authors: Anggraini Putri , Astutik Sri , Pangastuti Era Iswara , Apriyanto Bejo , Susiati Ana
Published: July 2024

Perkembangan pendidikan terus berjalan beriringan dengan berkembangnya teknologi. Pada abad 21 ini pembelajaran didorong untuk melakukan inovasi pembelajaran teknologi dan digital. Pemanfaatan teknologi menjadi peluang besar bagi tenaga pendidik untuk mengembangan bahan ajar digital yang mampu meningkatkan rasa ingin tahu siswa terhadap hal-hal baru. Pembuatan e-LKPD menjadi salah satu jawaban yang tepat sebagai pengembangan bahan ajar digital yang ringkas dan menarik. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui validitas dan respon siswa terhadap pengembangan e-LKPD geografi berbasis design canva sebagai sumber belajar pada materi pengetahuan dasar pemetaan siswa SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan 4D (four-D). Sampel penelitian ini menggunakan dua kelas yaitu X IPS 3 sebagai uji coba kelompok kecil dan X IPS 2 sebagai uji coba kelompok besar di MAN 1 Jember. Penelitian pengembangan ini menghasilkan nilai rata-rata validasi ahli materi  97,5% dengan kategori sangat valid, nilai rata-rata validasi ahli media 97,5% dengan kategori sangat valid, dan ahli praktisi pembelajaran memberikan nilai rata-rata 88,75% dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil uji coba respon siswa kelompok kecil memperoleh nilai 90,16% dengan kategori sangat baik, uji coba respon siswa kelompok besar memperoleh nilai 88,42% dengan kategori sangat valid. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, e-LKPD geografi valid dan cocok digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
Auf dem Weg zum deutsch-polnischen Nachbarschaftsvertrag – Der BdV und die politische Annäherung zwischen Deutschland und Polen 1990/91
Authors: Stickler Matthias
Published: July 2024

One of the biggest imponderables in the process of Polish-German rapprochement at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s was the reaction of the Federation of Expellees (BdV) and its partner organizations. Despite the attempts undertaken by BdV to contest the final recognition of the Oder-Neisse border by the German state, the organization failed to gain allies. It had to accept the political reality and the decisions of the state, and find new areas of activity for itself, for which the Polish–German Treaty of Good Neighbourship and Friendly Cooperation laid solid foundations.
In the antechamber to extermination: The fate of Polish and Jewish convicts and “Night and Fog Prisoners” in the penitentiary subcamp Blachownia Śląska (Blechhammer) in 1942–1945
Authors: Barth Susanne
Published: July 2024

The paper examines for the first time the role played by a penitentiary subcamp, that was set up in Blachownia Śląska (Blechhammer) by the penitentiary in Strzelce Opolskie (Gross Strehlitz) in 1942, as part of the Nazis’ plans to “Germanize” the annexed Silesian territories and to eliminate “racial” and political opponents.
THE CORRELATION OF LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC CONDITION: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN DEVELOPING AND DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Authors: Ariowibowo Kemal Zaki ,   Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia,, Awokoyoa Olajide Festus , Noveningtyas Annisaa ,   Ph.D, M.I.B, M.B.S.I, ACIPM, Rennes School of Business, Rennes, France, Olajde,   M.S.M, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

Logistics sector is raising attention as previous studies have shown that it could directly affect a country’s economic condition positively. Developing countries recognizing this opportunity should be trying to pursue and improve their logistics condition so that they can catch up and mature in their own economic condition just like the developed countries. Yet, how close the gaps between are developed and developing countries if we look at the perspective of supply chain through the logistics sector. In this research, a total of 588 observations were divided and classified into 2, namely developed and developing and analyzed whether supply chain performances through logistics performance have direct correlation with that country’s economic condition and the comparative analysis the difference between the uses of the logistics sector in each classification economic condition. This research finds that supply chain performance through logistics performance do have a direct impact on a country's economic condition. However, it was also found that the impact is statistically insignificant as there are limited data samples and other variables that were not considered. This research will covet the supply chain and economic condition field of studies and this research also provides recommendation for future research.
Os saldos nas contas do Programa Dinheiro Direto na Escola de entidades executoras estaduais
Authors: Machado Maria Goreti Farias
Published: July 2024

O artigo apresenta o recorte de uma pesquisa mais abrangente relativa ao Programa Dinheiro Direto na Escola (PDDE), com o objetivo o de analisar a (in) execução dos recursos do PDDE básico pelas entidades executoras (EEx) das redes estaduais nos três estados da região sul do Brasil, nos anos de 2018 a 2021. Apresenta os repasses e os saldos nas contas das entidades executoras estaduais (EEx) da região sul do país no período apresentado. Analisa o percentual de execução dos recursos repassados e os saldos nas contas das referidas entidades. Salienta que as beneficiadas são as escolas de pequeno do campo e as escolas com localização diferenciada - comunidades remanescentes de quilombos, terras indígenas e áreas de assentamentos. Os dados foram analisados de forma quanti-qualitativa, utilizando a análise documental dos documentos oficiais referentes ao programa, de relatórios públicos, de dados quantitativos coletados junto ao FNDE e das referências bibliográficas sobre a temática. Nos três estados, a execução foi parcial ao longo do período analisado, o que ficou evidente pelo expressivo volume de recursos nas contas ao final de cada exercício, impedindo, de certa forma, o acesso dessas escolas ao Programa.
Evaluation and diagnostic approach in patient with Perrault Syndrome
Authors: Nathania Rachael Christin , Usman Steven Yulius , Aryasatiani Ekarini
Published: July 2024

HIGHLIGHTS
1. The rare hereditary condition Perrault Syndrome is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and ovarian dysfunction2. Cyclic estrogens and progesterone may be given to adolescents with amenorrhea to induce withdrawal bleeding and mimic the menstrual cycle.
 
ABSTRACT
Objectives: A multidisciplinary team, which included a reproductive endocrinologist and an otolaryngologist, identified Perrault Syndrome in a patient with secondary amenorrhea and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
Case Report: A 16-year-old female presented to the obstetrics and gynecology clinic at a type B hospital with primary amenorrhea for one year. Menarche occurred at age 13, followed by regular menstrual cycles for two years, after which menstruation gradually ceased. She denied dysmenorrhea, constipation, leukorrhea, genital pruritus, growth retardation, and weight loss. The patient expressed concern about potential future infertility. At age 9, she was diagnosed with a viral infection by an ENT specialist due to bilateral hearing loss, leading to emotional disturbances. There was no history of prior medication, family illness, or chronic infections. Born at term via spontaneous vaginal delivery, the patient weighed 3,000 grams. Laboratory tests revealed normal T3 (1.51 ng/dl), FT4 (1.16 ng/dl), prolactin (18.25 ng/ml), estrogen (11 pg/ml), and progesterone (0.1 pg/ml) levels, but elevated FSH (66.46 mIU/ml) and LH (29.97 mIU/ml) levels. Symptomatic treatment included bone conduction hearing aids and estrogen replacement therapy.
Conclusion: Perrault Syndrome, a rare hereditary condition, manifests as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and ovarian dysfunction, including primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and gonadal dysgenesis, in individuals with a 46, XX karyotype. Molecular diagnosis remains challenging. Consultation with a pediatric endocrinologist can guide cyclic estrogen and progesterone therapy to induce withdrawal bleeding in adolescents with amenorrhea. Women at risk of ovarian failure should consider donor eggs or oocyte cryopreservation. Avoiding aminoglycosides and excessive noise is crucial for managing hearing loss.
The influence of patriarchal cultural factors on pregnancy complications (antepartum hemorrhage) at Mitra Medika General Hospital, Bandar Klippa, Indonesia
Authors: Simamora Liyana , Ismah Zata , Susilawati
Published: July 2024

HIGHLIGHTS
1. Antepartum hemorrhage stands as one of the major contributors to maternal mortality globally. 2. Patriarchal culture is among the societal factors impacting maternal mortality rates.3. Patriarchal cultural factors associated with antepartum hemorrhage are examined to establish effective preventive measures.
 
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of patriarchal culture on the occurrence of antepartum hemorrhage at Mitra Medika General Hospital.
Materials and Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a case-control approach. The sample for this study included pregnant women in their third trimester and mothers who had given birth within a maximum of 4 months from the time of the study at Mitra Medika General Hospital, Bandar Klippa, Indonesia. There were 90 respondents, comprising 30 case groups and 60 control groups. The sampling method for the case group used quota sampling, while the control group utilized accidental sampling. The research instrument utilized questionnaires and secondary data (antepartum hemorrhage diagnoses). Data analysis employed the chi-square test for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis, with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: There was a significant relationship between decision-making (p=0.030), family support (p=0.003), psychological domestic violence (p=0.024), and sexual domestic violence (p=0.039), no relationship with physical domestic violence (p=0.257) with the occurrence of antepartum hemorrhage. Multivariate analysis revealed that the family support variable was the most dominant risk factor with an Exp (B) value of 8.230 in causing antepartum hemorrhage.
Conclusion: The patriarchal cultural factors that significantly affect antepartum hemorrhage at Mitra Medika General Hospital, Bandar Klippa, Indonesia, are decision-making, family support, psychological domestic violence, and sexual domestic violence.
Electronic modification of NaCrO2 via Ni2+ substitution as efficient cathode for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Cai Jingyao , Zhu Yanbing , Zhang Zhiguo , Zhang Jiandong , Tian Liyuan , Gao Pengkun , Zhang Yali , Wang Mingkui , Shen Yan
Published: July 2024

The feature of high theoretical capacity, long thermal stability, and low-cost fabrication offers the layered transition metal oxide NaCrO2 as an excellent candidate for sodium-ion batteries. Here, we show an effective method for electronic modulation of NaCrO2 by partial substitution of Cr3+ with low-valent Ni2+ to produce NaCr0.95Ni0.05O2 as an efficient cathode for these batteries. We found that Ni2+ substitution plays a critical role in the ionic character of transition metal-oxygen bonds, which increases the interlayer separation and thus improves sodium-ion diffusion kinetics. Furthermore, Ni2+ substitution reduces the deterioration of NaCrO2 throughout charge-discharge processes and thus boosts the cycle performance of the materials. The resultant NaCr0.95Ni0.05O2 cathode displays a remarkable rate performance with specific capacities of 91.2 mAh g-1 at 50 C and a high retention (~80%) of the initial capacity after cycling for 1,000 cycles at 10 C.
MXenes and their composites for advanced cathodes in multivalent ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Xiaoru , Ruan Chunpeng , Sang Yuanhua , Wang Shuhua , Liu Hong
Published: July 2024

In recent years, multivalent metal-ion batteries (MMIBs) have garnered significant attention and research interest because of their abundant natural reserves, low cost, and high safety. However, in practical applications, owing to the high charge density of multivalent metal ions and the strong interaction between the intercalated metal ion and the cathode, the cathode exhibits low capacity and poor cycle stability. Therefore, it is crucial to explore suitable cathode materials for use in MMIBs. MXenes are novel two-dimensional materials that have developed rapidly in the field of energy storage. The current use of MXenes as cathodes in MMIBs has not yet been systematically summarized. This review summarizes the evolution and achievements of MXene-based cathodes in MMIBs, including MXenes and their derivatives, MXene/transition metal oxide composites, MXene/sulfur-based material composites, MXene/selenium-based material composites, and other MXene composites. Finally, the current challenges and future development of MXenes for advanced cathodes in MMIBs are discussed.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ТА ЦИФРОВА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ В РЕВЕНЮ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТІ
Authors: Кулик М. В.
Published: July 2024

У статті досліджено питання використання цифрових інструментів і інформаційного забезпечення ревеню менеджменту. Визначено потребу у вивченні елементів і складових цифрової трансформації бізнес процесів в готельному бізнесі. Основною проблемою, з якою стикаються готельні підприємства при використанні ревеню менеджменту, є те, що, необхідно оцінювати поточну ситуацію, аналізувати велику кількість даних і адаптувати свою цінову стратегію під ситуацію на ринку. Запропоновано інформаційно-комунікаційну систему розповсюдження за умови розробки і впровадження системи ревеню менеджменту. Як висновок, сказано про те, що інформаційні технології, трансформуючись стають не тільки засобом вдосконалення бізнес процесів, а й основним інструментом для підвищення доходів і оптимізації витрат. Нові технології передбачають автоматизацію багатьох операційних процесів в готелі.
Plant Power 2024 Evaluation Report
Authors: Cameron Amy ,   University of Dundee
Published: July 2024

Evaluation report for the Plant Power event which took place at the University of Dundee Botanic Garden on Saturday 18 May 2024.
Optimizing Machine Learning Models for Urban Sciences: A Comparative Analysis of Hyperparameter Tuning Methods
Authors: Kee Tris , Ho Winky K.O.
Published: July 2024

The advancement of urban scholarship and the effective addressing of urban environment challenges necessitate the adoption of sophisticated analytical methods. Urban scholars and policymakers need advanced analytical methods to tackle issues like gentrification, housing affordability, and urban sprawl. Predictive models are crucial in the realm of urban sciences, and hyperparameter tuning methods can significantly improve their accuracy and efficiency. Our study compares three such methods — Optuna, Random Search, and Grid Search — using a housing transaction dataset. We find that Optuna is not only 5.58 to 70.50 times faster than the other two methods when applied to Random Forest and Gradient Boosting Machine algorithms, but also achieves lower error values in key evaluation metrics on the test set, such as mean absolute error, mean squared error, mean absolute percentage error and root mean squared error.
Sanitation Service Provision in the Face of the Pandemic – Opportunities for Circular Economy to Build Resilience
Authors: Gebrezgabher Solomie , Tweneboah Kodua Theophilus
Published: July 2024

The focus of most interventions in COVID-19 responses across the world has been on healthcare systems, developing vaccines and treatments and the safety of healthcare workers with very little or no attention to sanitation service providers. This study assesses the operational and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sanitation service providers in Ghana. It identifies the coping mechanisms and measures put in place to ensure continuous service delivery, identifies promising circular economy solutions for water and fecal sludge reuse beneficial to water, waste, and food systems. The study uses cross-sectional data from 56 vacuum track operators from the Accra Metro using a semi-structured questionnaire between January – March 2021. Descriptive statistics such as means and frequencies have been used to analyze and present them using tables and graphs. Furthermore, narrative reviews are used to support findings of the survey. The number of clients served by vacuum truck operators during COVID-19 decreased on average by 20%, 24% and 29% for households, public toilet, and institutions respectively. Fees charged for services rendered were reduced on average by 19% across all clients. The use of PPEs by vacuum truck operators have increased during the pandemic. Most vacuum truck operators did not receive any public support during the pandemic, only a few received some form of training pertaining to safe and effective service delivery. It is recommended that training on how to provide quality customer service while ensuring safety be provided by waste management experts. Circular economy approaches in wastewater and fecal sludge management that have potential for building resilience against the pandemic include water reuse for irrigation, water reuse for aquaculture, nutrient, and energy recovery from fecal sludge.
Solar Energy Data Analysis & Predictive Modeling: A Case Study on Open Data of Saudi Arabian Solar Energy
Authors: Kadampur Mohommad Ali Bandusab
Published: July 2024

Renewable energy especially insights into solar energy are crucial in the energy business cycle. In this paper, an impact study of meteorological variables on solar energy production is conducted. The paper discusses the pipeline of data analysis specific to the case study and exploits open-source machine-learning algorithms to build predictive models. RandomForestRegressor and XGBoosting regressors are used to build the predictive model. The application code is integrated into an analytic software service (Power BI) and tested on Solar energy Open Data of Saudi Arabia. The solar energy production is found to be high between 800-1000 barometric pressure locations. Global Horizontal Irradiation is found to increase when the atmospheric temperature is more than 34∘ C. The impact of relative humidity is that the produced energy is high at lower humidity points. The wind speed effect is that the produced energy is significant between 2 to 4 m/s and reaches its maximum at 2.4 m/s. The predictive models produce nearly real-time predictions with Random Forest with R²: 0.909. The paper provides Global Horizontal Irradiation estimation equations using meteorological coefficients generated by the trained regressor. The paper presents implementation methodologies and records various instances of test results. It highlights the efficacy of machine learning in predictive modeling for renewable energy applications.
Development and Validation of a Logistic Regression Model to Predict Post-Operative Mortality in Emergency Cardiac Surgeries: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pre-Operative Factors and Model Performance
Authors: Patel Dhruv , Hofmann Jonathan , Bouras Andrew
Published: July 2024

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to develop a logistic regression model to predict post-operative in-hospital mortality rates for patients undergoing emergency cardiac surgeries, with the aim of improving predictive accuracy over traditional risk assessment tools and enhancing patient outcomes and clinical decision-making. Methods: Data were collected from 4,855 patients who underwent emergency cardiac surgeries at a tertiary hospital between 2008 and 2017. The analysis incorporated demographic, anthropomet- ric, and clinical factors, including the ASA classification, emergency status, and various preoperative laboratory values. A logistic regression model was developed, and the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was calculated using standard ICD-10 codes for its comprehensive assessment of comorbidities. Model performance was evaluated using metrics such as AUROC, AUPRC, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Results: The logistic regression model demonstrated strong predictive performance, with an AUROC of 0.939 and an AUPRC of 0.350. Key pre-operative factors identified included emergency operation status, ASA classification, and preoperative prothrombin time. The model significantly outperformed the traditional ASA classification system, which showed an AUROC of 0.524 and an AUPRC of 0.010. These findings suggest a substantial improvement in predicting post-operative mortality. Conclusion: The logistic regression model significantly improves the prediction of post-operative mortality in emergency cardiac surgeries compared to the ASA classification system. These findings highlight the potential of incorporating comprehensive pre-operative factors into predictive models to enhance clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. Implementing such models in routine clinical practice could lead to more accurate risk assessments, better resource allocation, and improved patient care.
Research on Elderly Intelligent Rehabilitation Products Based on Multimodal Sensory Experience
Authors: Xu Dong , Lin XingMin , Pan Pei Lin , Huang Xiao Long
Published: July 2024

(1) Background: With the global population aging, the demand for effective rehabilitation products for the elderly is increasing. Traditional products often fail to meet the comprehensive needs of elderly users, who require solutions addressing physical, psychological, and social aspects; (2) Methods: Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Quality Function Deployment, Axiomatic Design, and the System Usability Scale to identify and prioritize user needs, market research and user interviews were conducted to understand the preferences of the elderly and obtain design specifications. The focus was on multimodal sensory feedback, which was validated through the study; (3) Results: Elderly users have a strong preference for rehabilitation products that are durable, easy to use and have comprehensive sensory feedback. Intelligent rehabilitation bed as the carrier, strengthened structure, high strength material, ergonomic adjustment, integrated health monitoring system. Using digital technology for real-time health monitoring and personalized feedback to provide a comprehensive recovery experience, high user satisfaction was reported in the evaluation; (4) Conclusion: It is important to emphasize user-centered design and integrate multi-modal sensory feedback to meet the comprehensive rehabilitation needs of elderly users. Future studies should expand user samples and expert opinions to refine and validate the design and improve its effectiveness and usability.
Infidelity Analysis of Digital Counter-Diabatic Driving in Two Qubit System
Authors: Lei Ouyang
Published: July 2024

Digitized counter-diabatic (CD) optimization algorithms have been proposed and extensively studied to enhance performance in quantum computing by accelerating adiabatic processes while minimizing energy transitions. While adding approximate counter-diabatic terms can initially introduce adiabatic errors that decrease over time, Trotter errors from decomposition approximation persist. On the other hand, increasing the high-order nested commutators for CD terms may improve adiabatic errors but could also introduce additional Trotter errors. In this article, we examine the two-qubit model to explore the interplay between approximate CD, adiabatic errors, Trotter errors, coefficients and commutators. Through these analysis, we aim to gain insights into optimizing these factors for better fidelity, shallower circuit depth, and reduced gate number in near-term gate-based quantum computing.
A Lightweight Shallow Convolutional SNN Combined with STDP Fine-Tuning for Facial Expression Recognition
Authors: Pu Guiyang , Chen Jiankun , Wang Rui , Tang Zhongcai
Published: July 2024

Accurate and robust deep learning models for facial expression recognition are challenging to achieve, given the diversity of human faces and variations in images, including different facial poses and lighting conditions. In this work, we proposed a clock-driven convolutional Spiking Neural Network (SNN) and STDP fine-tune architecture, meticulously calibrated its hyperparameters, and experimented with various optimization methods. The best model resulted was trained and evaluated on the Fer2013 and FER+ database, obtaining an accuracy of 61.87% and 79.97% without requiring auxiliary training data or face registration. To our best knowledge, the proposed SNN achieved comparable accuracy to CNNs of similar depth and possessed the advantages of low energy consumption and high computational efficiency. The computational efficiency of the proposed SNN is approximately three times that of CNNs. Along with this, we introduced the very recent cumulative spike guided encoder visualization technique and revealed the strong encoding capability of the proposed SNN.
Review of the Role of Mitochondria in the Actions of Nitroglycerin and Redox Disturbances Underlying Diseases It Treats
Authors: Kaesemeyer MD Wayne
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to review the involvement of mitochondria in the
actions of nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate -GTN) and the redox disturbances underlying
diseases it treats. The paper begins by explaining complex I as the initial site of formation
of superoxide and the process whereby it leads to the development of glutathione dependent
tolerance. Next, the paper describes new formulations for preventing tolerance. The paper
ends by illustrating diseases that may benefit from treatment with novel glutathione based
GTN formulations and treatment approaches.
Strategi Komunikasi Lingkungan Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Rehabilitasi Mangrove di Pesisir Kabupaten Pinrang (Studi Kasus Dusun Tanroe)
Authors: Cellu Muh. Chaerul , Cangara Hafied , Unde Andi Alimuddin
Published: July 2024

Isu lingkungan di pesisir yang menjadi perhatian karena eksistensinya yang penting, namun kondisi lingkungan di pesisir khususnya hutan mangrove semakin kritis Berdasarkan data Clark Labs, luasan konversi mangrove ke tambak dari tahun 1999 hingga tahun 2018. Berlangsungnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam program rehabilitasi mangrove memiliki dinamika tersendiri karena melibatkan banyak pihak. Pihak-pihak yang terlibat meliputi Pemerintah Daerah (Dinas Kehutanan UPT Sawitto dan Dinas Perikanan), Petambak, Pemerintah Desa, dan masyarakat. Selama pelaksanaan kegiatan program tersebut, isu-isu utama mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam rehabilitasi mangrove seperti analisis, strategi, mobilisasi, aksi, evaluasi, dan kesinambungan sangat menarik dikaji lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Adapun unit analisisnya adalah program rehabilitasi mangrove. Data utama dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan informan kunci. Untuk proses trisangulasi data, observasi lokasi rehabilitasi mangrove dilakukan untuk melengkapi data penelitian. Untuk selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah evaluasi partisipasi masyarakat terhadap program rehabilitasi mangrove di Dusun Tanroe Desa Bababinanga adapun beberapa isu belum memuaskan seperti partisipasi dalam evaluasi dan partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan. selanjutnya menyusun strategi komunikasi yang dijalankan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Pinrang sangat baik untuk jangka pendek. Untuk jangka panjang belum memberikan hasil yang signifikan di beberapa hal dalam program rehabilitasi. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal, diantaranya rehabilitasi lahan dan pemberdayaan oleh pihak komunikator, program penyuluhan dan kampanye public, partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan dan pengambilan keputusan, media komunikasi yang beragam, pembentukan kelompok kerja dan pelatihan, pemantauan serta umpan balik. Pada prinsipnya praktek yang dilakukan sudah baik tetapi masih pada tahap eksplorasi.
The Role of Journals in Reporting Sex and Gender-Based Outcomes: Should We Adopt Guidelines, and What Else Can We Do to Improve Reporting?
Authors: Schoenfeld Andrew J.
Published: July 2024

➤ Sex and gender are inconsistently reported in musculoskeletal research. A panel of journal editors and other interested parties who participated in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Sex and Gender Reporting in Musculoskeletal Research Symposium met in 2023 to help define the roles of journals and other stakeholders in addressing this issue.

➤ This report summarizes the resulting recommendations and presents several different ways in which orthopaedic journals may elect to introduce to their readers, reviewers, and authors the importance of considering sex and gender in orthopaedic research.

➤ Many current sex and gender-related funding agency mandates as well as the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines are most readily applied to prospective research and/or randomized controlled trials.

➤ The panel was supportive of endorsing SAGER or a similar set of guidelines as a tool that can help authors to consider the most effective means of evaluating the influences of sex and gender within the context of orthopaedic research.

➤ Engaging readers, reviewers, and authors on multiple fronts, with purpose and intention, is likely the most important approach to increase awareness and to enhance the quality of evidence utilized to support clinical decisions in orthopaedic surgery.
Práticas integrativas e complementares para o bem-estar animal como contribuição ao aprendizado da medicina veterinária
Authors: Dumke Gustav Oscar , Bako Erica Perez Marson , Gueretz Juliano Santos , Estulano Natalia Francis
Published: July 2024

O estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso das práticas integrativas e complementares para o bem-estar animal e como estas podem contribuir ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Medicina Veterinária. A revisão foi desenvolvida durante o segundo semestre do primeiro ano do Curso de Bacharelado em Medicina Veterinária do Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus Araquari, como uma atividade de Pesquisa/avaliativa para o componente curricular de Bem-estar Animal. O tema proposto para pesquisa foram os Cinco Domínios/Cinco Liberdades, Interação humano-animal, Medicina Veterinária Complementar e Alternativa, Homeopatia, Medicina Tradicional Chinesa, Florais, Fitoterapia e Aromaterapia e Terapia de Reiki. Para a pesquisa foram utilizados o Portal de Periódicos CAPES, Web of Science, Scielo, British Veterinary Association, PubMed, Elsevier e Persée como plataformas de busca. O relato aborda e discute a relação docente/discente, o uso de mapas conceituais, metodologias ativas e aspectos sociais, filosóficos e suas repercussões no ensino e aprendizagem da Medicina Veterinária. Com impacto positivo no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Medicina Veterinária, esta experiência proporcionou a oportunidade de fortalecer os conhecimentos das diversas modalidades de tratamento que envolvem as práticas integrativas e complementares bem como perceber suas potencialidades nos animais.
Effects of an intervention for fear of progression in childhood cancer patients and their parents: results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Herrmann Jessy , Kern Laura , Santel Anja , Kulisch Leonard Konstantin , Hoffmann Rahel , Engelhardt-Lohrke Christa , Herzog Kristina , Chen-Santel Christiane , Christiansen Holger , Schepper Florian
Published: July 2024

Background: For pediatric oncology patients and their parents, Fear of Progression (FoP) is a main psychosocial burden. While promising programs for adult patients exist, the specific needs in pediatrics have not been addressed yet. We developed an intervention and examined its effectiveness in a small sample.
Methods: 29 families with a child with cancer in acute treatment or follow-up care and elevated FoP-levels participated. The intervention consists of psychoeducation, anxiety confrontation, and resource activation and is proofed in a randomized control study (RCT) with a wait list group who received treatment as usual (tau). All participants completed questionnaires on FoP and secondary outcomes (depression, quality of life, anxiety, post-traumatic stress symptoms) at different time points. We calculated Mann-Whitney-U-tests for between and within group comparisons as well as multiple regression to explore differential effectiveness.
Results: There was a significant difference in FoP after intervention/tau between the two groups (W=62, p=.023) with high effect size (g=-0.855, 95% CI [-1.596;-0.115]). The pre-post and follow-up comparison showed that parental (W=462.5, p≤.001, g=0.855; 95% CI[0.517;1.193]) but not child´s (W=15, p=.438) FoP decreased significantly after intervention, and vice versa after follow-up (parents: W=251.5, p=.953; children: W=21, p=.034, g=0.244; 95% CI [0.039;0.449]). Time since diagnosis may influence the intervention effect (β=-0.447; p≥.004).
Discussion: The intervention can significantly reduce parental FoP and seems promising for children. However, a major limitation of our study is the small sample size.
Conclusion: The intervention represents an initial approach to treat elevated FoP in pediatric oncology.
The Požáry section in the Prague Synform – a possible candidate auxiliary section for the basal Emsian GSSP redefinition
Authors: Slavík Ladislav , Weinerová Hedvika , Weiner Tomáš , Hladil Jindřich
Published: July 2024

The global correlation of the basal Emsian boundary is the most problematic issue within the Devonian System and still remains among the most problematic issues in the global Palaeozoic stratigraphy. The Požár 3 section in the Prague Synform, Czech Republic presented herein has many similarities with the published proposal for candidate section for the prospective basal GSSP redefinition – the Mramorka section, from the same area. It has strikingly similar lithology with the typical varied development of the Praha Formation which contains the Bohemian Graptolite Event (BGE), i.e. a prominent lithological marker in the NW part of the Prague Synform. The data from complex multiproxy studies including biostratigraphy, sedimentology, gamma-ray spectrometry, magnetic susceptibility, multi-element geochemistry (INAA, EDXRF), and stable isotopes (δ18O, δ13C) were integrated. These mostly show the same trends as in the Mramorka section and can also be interpreted accordingly. The gracilis Event, an alternative marker approximating the traditional boundary between the Pragian and Emsian stages has been confirmed in the Požár 3 section. The conodont index Latericriodus bilatericrescens gracilis Bultynck, 1985 enters, however, higher than in the Mramorka section, but still below the BGE. This confirms the Mramorka section as the best candidate for the basal Emsian GSSP relocation, whereas the Požár 3 section presented here has a great potential to be prospectively selected as Standard Auxiliary Boundary Stratotype (SABS).
The cerebellum computes frequency dynamics for motions with numerical precision and cross-individual uniformity
Authors: Pan Ming-Kai , Liu Chia-Wei , Chen Shun-Ying , Wang Yi-Mei , Lu Liang-Yin , Chen Peng , Liang Ting-Yu , Liu Wen-Chuan , Kumar Ami , Kuo Sheng-Han , Lee Jye-Chang , Lo Chung-Chuan , Wu Shun-Chi
Published: July 2024

Cross-individual variability is considered the essence of biology, preventing precise mathematical descriptions of biological motion like the physics law of motion. Here we report that the cerebellum shapes motor kinematics by encoding dynamic motor frequencies with remarkable numerical precision and cross-individual uniformity. Using in-vivo electrophysiology and optogenetics in mice, we confirmed that deep cerebellar neurons encoded frequencies via populational tuning of neuronal firing probabilities, creating cerebellar oscillations and motions with matched frequencies. The mechanism was consistently presented in self-generated rhythmic and non-rhythmic motions triggered by a vibrational platform, or skilled tongue movements of licking in all tested mice with cross-individual uniformity. The precision and uniformity allowed us to engineer complex motor kinematics with designed frequencies. We further validated the frequency-coding function of the human cerebellum using cerebellar electroencephalography recordings and alternating-current stimulation during voluntary tapping tasks. Our findings reveal a cerebellar algorithm for motor kinematics with precision and uniformity, the mathematical foundation for brain-computer interface for motor control.
Disparities of Depression among Older Adults with Chronic Conditions within Different Age Groups: Evidence from a Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Hao Zhichao , Yang Tingzhang , Pan Xiaofu
Published: July 2024

Background
Suffering chronic conditions greatly contribute to mental health problems like depression among older adults. Although an array of literature has focused on this field of study, little research has examined how depression among older adults changes over time or differs from each age group from a developmental and comprehensive view. This longitudinal study provides a holistic understanding of risk and protective factors associated with depression to tailor and provide supportive services for older adults according to their changing needs.
Methods
Utilizing rounds 5–9 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), 3,541 older adults were studied. The Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping (TTSC) model was utilized to select predictors. Descriptive analysis was conducted for all predictors, and a Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) was applied to explore and identify the risk and protective factors.
Results
Age, race and ethnicity, self-rated health, number of chronic conditions, cognitive capacity, frequency of negative feelings, self-realization, self-efficacy and resilience, activity participation, and technology use were significantly associated with depression. Furthermore, depression may decrease over time but only happens in a relatively short time, and the extent of decline slows down gradually.
Conclusions
The findings highlight the need to provide support and link resources to caregivers and call for efficient chronic condition management to provide early screening, assessment, and diagnosis. Recommendations from healthcare providers, proper education of healthy lifestyle and the dissemination of related information, and prompting older adults to engage in more physical activities can also make a difference in helping older adults gain better physical and mental health to prevent them from suffering depression.