bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐91: The Causes and Improvement of Circular Mura in Micro OLED Displays
Authors: Yang Yong , Li Sheng , Wu Chilin , Zhang Qi , Yang Yifan , Tang Yingsen , Yang Liang , Chen Yunjin , Tan Bin , Huang Yinhu , Zhang Fugang , Shan Qingshan
Published: July 2024

There is a huge impact on the image quality of Micro‐OLED display in the production, which looks like a white ring or white dot under the microscope. This phenomenon is called Circular Mura in this paper. The root caucus locks in the common effect of residual sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and the solution of ethyl ketocy clazocine (EKC) on the anode surface. Circular Mura was finally successfully solved through equipment modification and process optimization.
P‐92: Photo‐sensitive Vertical Alignment Material with Room Temperature Dipcoating Technique
Authors: Yu Xinyi , Semenenko Oleksandr M. , Vashchenko Valerii V. , Srivastava Abhishek Kumar
Published: July 2024

Using a room‐temperature dip‐coating technique, we propose a cinnamate‐unit‐phosphonic‐acid‐based surfactant alignment material that can be orientated by linear polarized light. Using the technique, we can treat a substrate simply and quickly, achieving a uniform pretilt angle of approximately 86° with a low dose of polarized UV light. We examined the optical and electrical properties of the alignment material under different conditions, including pretilt angles under different irradiation doses, voltage holding ratio (VHR) and residual direct circuit (RDC) when using different solvents, stability, etc. The results show that the material has acceptable performance. Since the phosphonic acid series photosensitive materials still have much room for optimization, we believe it is a potential new generation of photosensitive surfactant alignment materials.
P‐93: Analysis and improvement of Dark‐Spot defects in TFT‐LCD
Authors: Li Chunmei , Tang Min , Yu Chengzhong , Li Ji , Chi Baolin , Xu Hongyuan
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the mechanism of Dark‐Spot defect in thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT‐LCD) and its improvement measures are studied. The Dark‐Spot defect has a strong correlation with Polymer Film on Array (PFA) materials through stress analysis, and the defect can be reduced by a series of improvement we provided from PFA process adjusting and material formula optimizing.
P‐94: Strategies for Adjusting the Flowability of Photoresist from Aspects of Material Composition and Manufacturing Process
Authors: Feng Yi , Li Ji , Zhang Min
Published: July 2024

The flowability of the photoresist affects the flatness of the color resistance layer during the fabrication process of liquid crystal displays. Color photoresists with poor flowability will increase the usage of photoresists, leading to an increase in panel costs. In this paper, the factors affecting flowability were analyzed in the directions of material and manufacturing and the results were then validated through experiments. Finally, strategies to adjust the flowability of photoresists from aspects of material composition and manufacturing process are summarized.
P‐95: Exploration of Microbial Control Methods in Wet Cleaning Equipment during LCD Production Process
Authors: Chen Yulong , Chen Bo
Published: July 2024

During the cleaning process of LCD production, the internal environment of wet cleaning equipment is conducive to microbial growth and can easily form biofilms. The shedding of these biofilms can result in product defects. This study employed 0.25 ppm ozone water to pass through the tank inside the wet washing equipment, which increased the number of days that the tank remained clean from 20 days to more than 130 days. And the lifespan of the filter has been extended from 10 days to over 60 days.
P‐96: Alignment Optimization on Gen. 4.5 G for High‐framerate Ultra‐high‐resolution Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: YUAN Zheng-Nan , ZHAO Ying-Ming , PAN Su , LI Yan-Fen , SUN Zhi-Bo , HUO Yi-Peng , TSENG Man-Chun , LU Lei , VASHCHENKO Valerii , SRIVASTAVA Abhishek Kumar , CHEN Xing-Wu , ZHANG Xin , ZHANG Sheng-Dong , CHEN Li-Xuan , KWOK Hoi-Sing
Published: July 2024

We achieve high‐framerate (< 100 μs) high‐contrast‐ratio ferroelectric liquid crystal displays (FLCD) on Gen 4.5. Innovatively, a new polyimide (PI) that is suitable for ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) alignment is synthesized and tested on the production line. It replaces Nylon 6 (N6), which was the barrier to the commercialization of FLCD. Moreover, a new FLC is synthesized to match requirements in mass production. Additionally, various materials were studied to investigate the surface energy and relative performance. It is not only proof of the feasibility on the production line, but also a significant step towards the commercialization of field‐sequential‐color high‐resolution FLCDs.
P‐107: High‐Resolution Periodic Patterning for Volume Manufacturing on +300mm Size Substrates Using Displacement Talbot Lithography
Authors: Wooley Kelsey , Solak Harun , Dais Christian , Clube Francis , Mohammad Ahmed , Bykova Iuliia , Lebugle Maxime , Seure Thibault , Heydari Mehdi , Wilson Matthew , Wang Li
Published: July 2024

The photonic device market has a need for low‐cost, high‐resolution periodic patterning that scales with product maturity to large substrate sizes. Eulitha's DTL (Displacement Talbot Lithography) technology was limited to only a single exposure field per substrate on preexisting platforms which can fully pattern 100 and 150mm substrates. The new ‘PhableS' is Eulitha's step‐and‐repeat solution to bring all the advantages of the DTL patterning to larger substrates.

The PhableS tool builds on Eulitha's patented displacement Talbot lithography technology to open the way for customers to fully scale to high volume production. This tool retains the strong technical performance; including 60nm half pitch resolution (DUV version), 140x140mm2 single shot exposure field, large depth of focus (hundreds of microns), high throughput (+40wph), non‐contact, mask‐based patterning. Automated wafer and mask handling support industry expected repeatability and defect‐free patterning.
P‐242: Late‐News Poster: Development and Microstructure Analysis of New Low Melting Point Solder Ball for Semiconductor Packages
Authors: Yoon Yeo-Min , Han Kwan-Young
Published: July 2024

As a result of reviewing the solder balls used to join between semiconductor display wiring, there were existing electrical characteristics and wettability vulnerabilities. To improve these problems, we considered indium and aluminum to make solder balls. Also, by analyzing the microstructure of solder balls, we were able to know the components and amounts of intermetallic compounds. As the amount of Al‐In intermetallic compounds increased, electrical conductivity, hardness, and wettability improved. The new Sotheball is applicable to highly integrated display panels and semiconductor packages and is expected to be widely used as a next‐generation semiconductor and display material.
P‐262: A Data‐Centric Approach to Anomaly Detection for Multivariate Time‐Series Data in Robot Diagnosis System
Authors: Gwon Gimin , Kyeong Yunyoung , Park Seki
Published: July 2024

As manufacturing processes become increasingly sophisticated, the abundance of real‐time multivariate data is also increasing. However, the vast majority of data in manufacturing is normal, and abnormal data is scarce, making it difficult to establish correlations between various data sets. While a model‐centric approach holds importance when applying AI in manufacturing, a data‐centric approach, based on domain knowledge of each process equipment, can yield better results. We refer to this approach as engineer's sense. We used the anomaly transformer as an anomaly detection model for time series data, and were able to improve performance through improvements with data centric. The study found that a focus on data‐centric improvement led to higher performance compared to model‐centric improvement. This method identified 88% higher anomaly F1 scores in the evaluation and is expected to be utilized on additional manufacturing equipment in the future. This will result in significant cost and time savings.
P‐115: The Optimized Method for Sparkle Contrast Measurement of Anti‐Glare Covered Vehicle Display
Authors: Song Li , Pan Jiangen , Li Peipei , Cao Liangcai
Published: July 2024

We have presented an optimized method for evaluating the visual sparkle contrast of anti‐glare covered vehicle display and compared the results to standard measurement conditions. By assessing the sparkle contrast changes under different ambient light conditions and different viewing angle conditions, and analyzing the results, we provide measurement recommendations for the sparkle rating evaluation of vehicle display.
P‐116: A Demoiré Method for Display Test Using CNN Model with Pixel Shift
Authors: Tang Hao , Zhang Wuxing , Xu Gang
Published: July 2024

A deep learning based demoiré algorithm is applied to display test images to remove moiré patterns. The ground truth is generated by pixel shift (PS) method implemented by shifting display panels, instead of camera sensor, a low‐cost alternative to expensive PS cameras for mass production (MP).
P‐117: A Demura Method For OLED Under White Image With Monochrome Camera
Authors: Tang Hao , Yu Cody , Xu Pengcheng , Xu Gang
Published: July 2024

A demura method using high resolution monochrome camera is proposed for OLED panels, enabling single data capturing for white images under different graylevels (GLs). Our method minimizes TACT for low GLs due to its high efficiency of light utilization, compared to demura with color camera of Bayer pattern.
P‐266: Late‐News Poster: Quality Assessment Towards Reflective Pattern Based on Diffraction Appearance
Authors: Kwon Soyoung , Cheon Wooyoung , Lee Sumi , Seo Youngjun , Kwon Jaejoong , Kim Yongjo
Published: July 2024

While polarizer‐free (Pol‐less) OLED displays increase the efficiency of the panels with lowering the thickness, there comes an issue of the screen quality drop due to diffraction. We have investigated phenomena and invented a novel model for diffraction, since the color‐difference‐based evaluation alone has limitations in responding to customer needs in various environments and reflecting situations in which actual users embrace the screen quality. The main spatial features of the diffraction appearance were classified into the size and complexity of the pattern, and each factor was quantified through a specialized model. Diffraction features can be automatically calculated as numerical values from the invented model reflecting perceptual levels, which acts as a ‘ruler’ to achieve a good 'grade' of image quality in the product development stage. In this paper, we demonstrate what plays vital roles in diffraction appearance on Pol‐less displays and how to evaluate the diffraction in representative values.
P‐121: Research on heat dissipation of high power consumption LED display
Authors: Wang Shipeng , Liu Xuejian , Li Zhonghua , Chen Xiangyi , Shi Lingyun
Published: July 2024

The use of high‐power circuit devices puts forward high heat dissipation requirements for LED display. Several heat dissipation methods are studied in this paper to provide a reasonable idea of high power consumption LED display.
P‐123: Analysis of Light Shaping Diffuser in Integral Imaging Based Light Field Display
Authors: Liu Yi-Jian , Wen Xue-Rui , Li Wei-Ze , Xing Yan , Zhang Han-Le , Wang Qiong-Hua
Published: July 2024

Light shaping diffuser (LSD) is a crucial component in integral imaging based light field display for achieving continuous 3D images. However, LSD also constrains the display resolution in wide viewing angles. To addressing this issue, this study conducts thorough analyses. The light homogenization characteristics of LSD are proposed, complementing the understanding of LSD's mechanism for achieving continuous 3D images. Furthermore, the scattering function of LSD is established for the first time, explaining the mechanism behind LSD constraining resolution in wide viewing angles. The proposed scattering function can guide the optimization design of resolution enhanced integral imaging based light field display.
P‐124: The IR‐DROP Compensation Method of AMOLED Display under Ultra‐High Brightness
Authors: Yang Jun‐Yu , Chung Wei‐Chang , Ma Wei‐Jhe , Ho Kuan‐Ying , Pai Feng‐Ting , Lin Ching‐Chun
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes a method to enhance the sunlight readability of AMOLED displays under ultra‐high brightness, and simultaneously improves the global IR‐drop (GIR) issue in light‐loading patterns and the local IR‐drop (LIR) issue in heavy‐loading patterns. In the GIR part, color difference occurs in the brightness increase from high to low APL. Extending to the LIR part, it is found that the uniformity does not exhibit a linear decrease from common brightness to ultra‐high brightness. Finally, based on the approach proposed in this paper, the luminance of OPR 5% is increased to from 1500nits to 3323 nits and color difference is improved from 0.0226 to 0.0012. Besides, the uniformity is enhanced from 61.8% to 86.5% under ultra‐high brightness. Additionally, the proposed improvement compensation method was developed and implemented in driver IC.
P‐126: Research on adaptive voltage regulation algorithm on TFT‐LCD
Authors: Deng Shijie , Wang Qiang , Jin Yufeng , Wu Yu
Published: July 2024

In the current global promotion of environmental protection and low‐carbon, in order to further reduce the power consumption of TFT‐LCD, this paper proposes an algorithm based on image detection for adaptive adjustment of panel voltage, and tests the algorithm on the monitor. The test results shows that the algorithm can achieve power reduction while maintaining image quality.
P‐127: Pixel Aliasing Methods for Voxel Resolution Enhancement of Multiview Display
Authors: Son Wonseok , Kim Youngrok , Min Sung‐Wook
Published: July 2024

Pixel aliasing method is proposed to increase the resolution of multiview 3D display. where the deterioration of 3D image resolution occurs due to producing multiple directional images with limited display resolution. To overcome the resolution limitations of discrete voxels, we rearrange the image pixels by using the resizing technique and the interpolation method to enhance the 3D image resolution. We demonstrate the image resolution increase in both the depth and horizontal directions.
P‐128: An auxiliary diagnostic method of brain atrophy based on MRI images
Authors: Ruan Ziyang , Cheng Bo , Li Chenhong
Published: July 2024

Brain atrophy is a structural change in cerebral cortex, which is detected by means of imaging, and clinically diagnosed by a doctor who reads the films. To solve the problem of automatic diagnosis of brain atrophy, a method of automatic segmentation of brain atrophy regions was designed. Under the condition of no human intervention, the widened sulcus region produced by brain atrophy in MRI images is automatically analyzed, and by calculating the ratio of the atrophied region of the posterior sulcus to the brain tissue, it is judged whether the patient has brain atrophy or not. Compared with the traditional diagnosis by reading the film, it is more efficient, clearer and the degree of brain atrophy is quantified parametrically, which has practical application value.
P‐129: The Black Spot Phenomenon and Improvement in QLED Devices
Authors: Jin Fengjie , Su Liang , Yan Zhimin , Jiao Fuxing , Zhang Yuanming , Liu Xiang
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we studied the influence of ETL (electron transporting layer)and cathode material type as well as their interface on the performance of QLED (quantum dot light emitting devices). Through our research, we found that the black spot phenomenon of QLED device is strongly related to ETL material, and the number of black spots can be greatly reduced by improve ETL. In addition, the cathode material such as Ag and Al, also show their impact on black spots; Finally, one novel double‐layer ETL structure device was developed to avoid black spot, which manifest that the interaction between ETL and the electrode interface also play an important role. The absence of black spots in inverted devices also proves this conclusion.
P‐130: PixelTalk: Knowledge‐Integrated Chatbot Service from Samsung Display
Authors: Kim Jaewoong , Yi Dowon , Kim Dongso , Park Kyongtae
Published: July 2024

PixelTalk, designed for Samsung Display, enhances security and accuracy in Large Language Models‐based services. It integrates natural language processing, offers knowledge‐integrated responses, and a code assistant. Its architecture uses department‐specific databases and entity vector space for efficient information retrieval, setting a precedent for LLM applications in corporate environments.
P‐131: Spherical Forming‐A Design and Production of Spherical Display from 2D Plane to 3D Surface
Authors: Li Siyu , Li Konglai , Wu Pei , Li Mingsheng
Published: July 2024

OLED flexible displays technology has been rapidly developing, but the main lamination process of it is still in 2D status. Due to wrinkles and other issues, currently there is not much experience in mass production for the 3D lamination. In this work, we mainly designed a spherical cover glass, and realized the lamination of it and flexible displays. We also proposed a solution for wrinkles during the lamination process.
P‐136: Process Optimization for Fabrication of 3D Through Glass Via (TGV) Inductor
Authors: An Qichang , Xiao Yuelei , Li Yue , Xu Shuang , Zhao Yingying , Hou Xuecheng , Sun Liang , Che Chuncheng
Published: July 2024

Glass is a good candidate for substrate material of integrated passive device, due to its high resistivity and low dielectric loss. 3D through glass via (TGV) inductors can be formed with high radio‐frequency performance. This paper analyzes failure mechanisms of TGV inductors and proposes the method of process optimization.
P‐139: Effect of Surface Ligands on Device Performance for Infrared Light‐Emitting Diodes†
Authors: Hoang Minh-Son , Hsu Chiao-Fang , Chen Hsueh-Shih
Published: July 2024

Infrared (IR) emitted Quantum Dots (QDs) are fascinating materials with the unique feature of energy levels engineering based on ligand exchange. In this work, the ligand of QDs is modified to form the charge transport layer of IR light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). The corresponding IRLEDs fabricated with all QDs materials can obtain electroluminescence (EL) peak of 1200 nm, including the wide full width at half maximum (FWHM), and an EQE of 4.5%.
P‐141: Ultrafine‐pitch AlGaN Ultraviolet‐C microLED Displays for Quantum Dots Color Conversion
Authors: Feng Feng , Sheng Yujia , Liu Yibo , Li Zichun , Liu Zhaoyong , He Jr‐Hau , Liu Zhaojun , Kwok Hoi‐Sing
Published: July 2024

Aluminum Gallium Nitride (AlGaN) ultraviolet‐C (UV‐C) micro‐light‐emitting diodes (microLEDs) offer significant advantages in terms of convenience, cost‐effectiveness, and environmental friendliness, positioning them as promising candidates for display applications. However, achieving the desired high efficiency and scalability for large displays with ultra‐fine pixels necessitates substantial progress beyond current experimental outcomes. This study showcases the application of AlGaN UV‐C microLED display panels and micro‐displays incorporating quantum dots (QDs) for color conversion. Sidewall treatment and atomic layer deposited (ALD) passivation effectively address dangling bonds and etching damages, leading to a notable enhancement of TM‐polarized light extraction efficiency (LEE). Moreover, dedicated strain modulation efforts successfully reduce the high Al content (over 50%) wafer bowling effect, facilitating the modularization of ultrafine‐pitch AlGaN UV‐C microLED panels. Consequently, the devices achieve a peak performance of over 5% external quantum efficiency (EQE) as the mesa size scales down to 3 μm. The highlighted 0.18‐inch UV‐C microLED display panels, featuring a 9 μm pixel size, are precisely controlled by a CMOS IC driver to achieve desired patterns. Serving as an efficient pumping source for perovskite quantum dots paper (PQDP), this UV‐C microLED display suggests the potential to revolutionize the full‐color display industry by providing an innovative and unconventional solution.
P‐142: Confocal Photoluminescence and Electroluminescence of Blue InGaN/GaN Nanorod Light‐emitting Diodes with Different Passivation Approaches
Authors: Le Quang Trung , Shin Youngwook , Bak Byeong-U , Hwang Jun Seok , Kim Jaekyun
Published: July 2024

The sidewall passivation is essential to achieve high micro light‐emitting diode (LED) efficiency. We investigated different sidewall passivation strategies on InGaN/GaN blue nLED, including Thermal ALD and PEALD Al2O3. The characterization of temperature and laser excitation‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) and time‐resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) were observed to determine the efficiency. Sidewall passivated‐nLED device was fabricated and characterized. The device exhibits extremely high brightness, even at low operation current.
P‐154: Enhanced Thermal Stability and High Color Accuracy in GaN‐on‐GaN Homoepitaxy Micro‐LEDs
Authors: Li Zichun , Liu Yibo , Feng Feng , Wong Man , Liu Zhaojun
Published: July 2024

In the dynamic landscape of display technologies, the advent of Micro‐LEDs has sparked a revolutionary shift, promising unparalleled advancements in visual display capabilities. This study immerses itself in the realm of GaN‐based MicroLED devices, specifically delving into the nuanced effects of varying current density and temperature on the spectra of MicroLEDs with gallium nitride substrates. Through a meticulous comparative analysis, we unravel the optical distinctions between MicroLEDs utilizing gallium nitride and sapphire substrates. Additionally, our exploration extends to the examination of the diverse luminous intensity decay rates experienced by these devices under different substrate temperatures. The findings illuminate the pronounced optical advantages bestowed by gallium nitride substrates in GaN‐based MicroLEDs, providing pivotal insights for the ongoing refinement and enhancement of these cutting‐edge display technologies.
P‐155: A High‐resolution Patterning of Electroluminescent Quantum Dot Pixels via Photo‐crosslinking
Authors: Yang Jeehye , Lee Kyung Sig , Nam Juoh , Jang Seunghee , Chang Jae Bok , Park Chulsoon , Kim Hyeokjun , Kang Moon Sung , Lee Taek Joon , Ha Jaekook , Yoon Yeo-geon , Lee Changhee
Published: July 2024

The emergence of near‐eye displays for an extended reality (XR) has promoted the development of high‐resolution electroluminescence quantum dot (EL‐QD) devices. Direct photo‐lithography using photosensitive moieties is an effective technique for producing micrometer‐sized patterns of colloidal quantum dots. Here, we fabricated red, green, and blue quantum dot patterns with a resolution of >4,500 pixels per inch using an azide‐based photo‐crosslinking method, which is a simple and applicable to a versatile patterning or integrating process. The effect of QD ligands and solvents on the electroluminescence characteristics and pattern fidelity of QD films during the patterning process was studied.
P‐156: Efficiency Improvement Mechanism Analysis of Sidewall Passivation GaN based Micro‐LEDs by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Zhanghu Mengyuan , Liu Yibo , Liu Zhaojun
Published: July 2024

Sidewall passivation using atomic layer deposition (ALD) can efficiently improve external quantum efficiency (EQE). Such treatment increases EQE, a combination of internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and light extraction efficiency (LEE), primarily by curtailing surface recombination according to the ABC model. Determined by the ratio of radiative recombination rate to total recombination rate, the IQE of an LED holds a significant correlation with the diode's ideality factor in the Shockley model. In this paper, we analysis the mechanism of ALD sidewall passivation enhancing device performance in detail from the aspects of electrical performance improvement and optical performance improvement.
P‐158: Highly Flexible InP‐Based Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes Fabricated on Heat‐Dissipating Al‐Coated PEN Substrate
Authors: Seo Hansol , Baek Geun Woo , Lee Taesoo , Kwak Jeonghun
Published: July 2024

Quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) have garnered significant attention due to their outstanding optical and electrical properties. Furthermore, there have been many attempts to fabricate QLEDs on the flexible substrates for the application of wearable devices. However, flexible QLEDs face the challenge of instability under thermal heat, due to the low thermal conductivity of the substrates. In this study, we present the InP‐based QLEDs on 1 µm thick polyethylene naphthalate substrates, coated with aluminum for the heat dissipation. The coated Al layer can effectively dissipate the generated heat due to its high conductivity, while maintaining the flexibility of the substrates.
P‐170: Structure Optimization of Stretchable AMOLED based on LTPS TFT
Authors: Wang Hejin , Wang Bingwei , Wang Chunyang , Song Zunqing , Zhang Hao , Hong Rui , Cai Peng , Xie Chunyan , Yang Hualing , Yang Yanyan , Liu Zheng , Liu Libin , Shi Shiming , Wang Dawei
Published: July 2024

Structure optimization of stretchable AMOLED for high stretchability and high reliability was studied. High stretchability (>10%) was achieved. To improve the key reliability performance of stretchable OLED, pixel‐size hybrid encapsulation was developed, with which the panel can pass 60o C/90% 360h reliability test. A dynamic stretchable AMOLED module was fabricated.
P‐172: Study on The effect of Module Films on Metal Wire Strain During the Pad bending Process
Authors: Fu Jia , Feng Shi Zhen , Fan Liu Bin , Shan Qi , Huang Genmao , Zhu Xiujian , Wang Xiangqian , Liu Shi Bao , Liu Ying , Chu Xiaotian , Zhao Dong
Published: July 2024

Based on ABAQUS mechanical simulation software and the same bending radius, this paper simulated and an alyzed the strain change trends of metal wires on the different schemes for other key influencing films, such as BPL, PI and TPOC. On the basis of the simulation results, the conclusions are follows: PI thickness thinn ing or TPOC thickness increases can decrease the stra in of the metal wires at bending region. However, the change of BPL thickness has no significant effect.
P‐173: New Wiring Structure Enabling High‐Resolution Stretchable Displays
Authors: Choi Ji Hun , Park Chan Woo , Oh Ji-Young , Yang Jong-Heon , Yoo Seunghyup
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we present a new methodology for realizing highly integrated stretchable displays. By utilizing the sidewalls of wiring, it is possible to overcome the limitations of conventional structures and significantly reduce the width of the wiring while maintaining its resistance. The improved aspect ratio also enhances stretchability and the width of the wiring can be further reduced by adjusting its thickness. The developed stretchable wiring with the new structure stably withstands elongation and the resistance change is less than 2%, even after 1000 times repeated elongations with a 50% stretch. By using this wiring scheme, a high‐resolution array with 100 PPI was fabricated that stably stretched to 100%.
P‐250: Highly Transparent Optical Window Film with Outstanding Mechanical Strength and Folding Reliability for Flexible Displays
Authors: HONG SUNG WOO
Published: July 2024

This research presents a new approach to developing an optical window film, leveraging the concept of charge‐transfer complex (CTC) intensification of colorless polyimide The window film demonstrates exceptional characteristics, including a tensile modulus of 8.4 GPa, a high total light transmittance of approximately 90%, and a yellow index below 3. This is the best‐recorded balance between mechanical strength and optical properties for a highly flexible optical film. Furthermore, the resulting film exhibits a pencil hardness grade surpassing 2H, alongside remarkable folding reliability, sustaining over 200,000 cycles of folding and unfolding. The excellent properties are ascribed to the unique supramolecular structure characterized by multiple hydrogen bonding and salt complexation interactions, significantly enhancing CTC intensification.
P‐174: Improvement of Etching Pattern in TOE Structure Display Based on Pattern Design and Stack‐Up Optimization
Authors: Yi Xinrong , Zhang Shuang , Zhang Lei , Li Hui , Yang Xinshuai , Dang Pengle , Liu Tongmin
Published: July 2024

There are metal and space regions in the touch panel (TP) pattern. Their optical performance are not the same due to the difference of reflectivity. Besides, spectral response of the human eye is different to light of various wavelengths. Human have different brightness sensations for light with the same radiation power but different wavelengths, and most sensitive to the light of 555nm wavelength, which is called visual sensitivity characteristics. Thus, texture similar to touch panel pattern can be seen in specified directions. Shadowless is to eliminate or attenuate the visual differences. To achieve the desired effect, increasing the quantity of space in the metal region which can uniform the spaces distribution, adjusting the fracture mode of the space region, and adjusting the space gap are all valid ways to reduce visibility of etching pattern. Sputtering SiNx/Nb2O5 on the metal layer that is etched by hydrofluoric (HF) acid to rough the surface is also an effective method to shadowless, which can lower reflectivity on metal regions. Delta R is reduced, and pattern visible phenomenon disappears or weakens.
P‐176: New liquid crystal materials for high‐contrast displays of the fringe‐field switching mode
Authors: Zhou Hao , Luo Guoren , Zhao Rentang , Li Ji , Hsieh Chung-Ching , Li Zhifu , Liu Xiao
Published: July 2024

Since the establishment of liquid crystal display industries, larger sizes, faster response, higher contrast ratio, higher resolution and lower power consumption have become a pursuing target of various panel suppliers. Considering the marvelous viewing angle of the fringe‐field switching (FFS) mode, FFS displays with a higher contrast ratio are able to show more details in the dark pictures, resulting in a much better viewing experience. Herein, to develop the next‐generation liquid crystal (LC) materials for high‐contrast FFS panels, various high‐contrast LC (HCLC) materials were designed. By minimizing Δn and maximizing Kave, HCLCs exhibited lower light leakage in dark states, leading to a higher contrast ratio compared to the reference. Two HCLCs for improving the operation voltage, transmittance, contrast ratio and response time were developed by optimizing the properties of HCLC materials. Furthermore, FFS monitors with a contrast ratio of 2820:1 and a color gamut of 96.4% NTSC were demonstrated.
P‐180: Dynamic Invocation of Liquid Crystal Overdrive Tables by Utilizing Temperature Sensor Integrated in the LCD Cell
Authors: Su Qiujie , Hu Pengfei , Chen Dongchuan , Qin Wei , Shao Xibin , Li Pengtao , Miao Yingmeng , Tian Xiaohan , Yu Jie , Lee Seungmin , Liao Yanping , Rui Han , Ma Qing , Wang Zhangtao
Published: July 2024

We proposed a method for dynamic Invocation of LC OD tables based on temperature changes to improve LC response time. A temperature sensor utilizing copper line with an accuracy of ± 1℃ was integrated within the liquid crystal cell. Temperature range 0‐40℃ was divided into three segments, each with an assigned optimal OD table, and the circuit system realized dynamic invocation of LC OD tables based on temperature changes.
P‐264: Fast‐Response FFS LC Device with Multi‐rubbing Angle for VR Applications
Authors: Chen Shi-Rui , Choi Wing-Kit
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we propose new fast response FFS LC devices with virtual walls by using alternating (or multi) rubbing directions, which can be generated by using photo‐alignment. These new devices can offer much‐enhanced response‐speed compared to the conventional FFS LC device. By choosing different types of “local” LC molecular arrangements or designs (easily achievable by using photo‐alignment), we may be able to alter the virtual wall pitch length, and hence also alter the response speed and transmission of these fast response LC devices. These new designs can provide a new and alternative approach to generating virtual walls by “locally” varying the rubbing angle using photo‐alignment. These devices are attractive for VR applications where high speed operation of liquid crystal devices is required.
P‐185: Influence Factors of Dark Viewing Angle of Vertical‐Alignment Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Lin Xulin , Li Wei , Song Yanjun
Published: July 2024

Dark viewing angle is one of the important indicators for assessing the picture quality of display panels. By using simulation results and physical insight provided by Extended Jones Matrix Method, we explain why LC pre‐tilt is the crucial factor of dark viewing angle of VA LCD, and also discuss other possible factors.
P‐186: A Novel Liquid Crystal Material for Shortening the UV2 Process of Polymer‐stabilized Vertically Aligned Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Xiao Jianfeng , Wang Yanan , Zhao Rentang , Li Ji , Hsieh Chung‐Ching , Liu Xiao
Published: July 2024

The production of polymer‐stabilized vertically aligned (PSVA) displays requires two UV processes for liquid crystal (LC) alignments. UV1 is usually short for pre‐tilt angle formation, while UV2 takes approximately 90 minutes to consume the remaining reactive monomers (RMs). Therefore, shortening the UV2 process can significantly reduce the power consumption and maintenance costs of UV lamps during LCD fabrication. Herein, we report a novel LC material consisting of fast‐reaction RMs. With the addition of fast‐reaction RMs, the UV2 process can be dramatically decreased from 90 min to 20 min. Furthermore, the reduction of the UV2 process shows competitive optical properties, reliabilities and pre‐tilt angle stabilities compared with the reference. Overall, new fast‐reaction LC materials are beneficial to energy saving and the cost competitiveness of the company.
P‐187: Pretilt angle of liquid crystal molecules induced by photo‐aligned films of Polymerized 2‐(methacrylic acid) ethyl 3,5‐diaminobenzoic acid reaction monomer polyimide for PSVA technology
Authors: Li Ji , Li Zhifu , Chen Jie , Zhao Yongchao , He Binbin , Zhao Ting , Lu Shuang , Wang Guozhong
Published: July 2024

Orientation film is a key material in liquid crystal displays, and the technology of inducing liquid crystal molecular orientation through polyimide photoorientation film is widely studied. In this work, polyimide is a random copolymer synthesized from a mixture of cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride and pyromellitic dianhydride, 4,4' ‐ diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3', 5,5'‐ tetramethylbenzidine, and Methanone, bis (4‐aminophenyl) ‐, homopolymer. In this study, we investigated the pre‐inclination of a series of photo‐crosslinked diamine structures for the polymerization of RM monomers by PSVA (Polymer Stabilized Vertical Alignment) technology, and mainly investigated the pre‐inclination of a series of light‐oriented films with different molar fraction reaction monomers polymerized on the backbone. The results show that the polymerization of 2‐(methacrylate)ethyl ester 3,5‐diaminobenzoic acid reaction monomer with 6.3% molar fraction of polyimide photooriented film achieves high pre‐tilt adjustment under low light accumulation conditions, and successfully achieves excellent optical & reliability performance.
P‐193: Ring‐shaped circular Patch liquid crystal display structure based on fringe field effect
Authors: Li An-ran , Yuan Zhengnan , Komitov Lachezar , Srivastava Abhishek K
Published: July 2024

The liquid crystal display (LCD) continues to hold a prominent position in the display industry. These years' key research topic is the fringe field effect, which aims to improve the LCD's performance. A new LCD structure utilizing the fringe field effect has been identified as a promising solution. This structure allows for the control of the electromagnetic field of the liquid crystal cell by regulating the voltage of the ring‐shaped and circular‐patch cell (RCC). This innovative structure is comprised of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) with negative dielectric anisotropy, a two‐electrode system consisting of a ring‐shaped ITO structure on the top layer and a circular patch structure on the bottom layer, and a SiO2 porous structure. Finite element simulation tests have verified the electric field strength, transmittance, and contrast of the cell and the 2x2 matrix structure, meeting the design objectives. This breakthrough has significant potential for application in the display field.
P‐194: New CGL Structure for Improving Leakage of Stacked OLED Devices
Authors: Quan Wei , You Juanjuan , Shen Yongqi , Bo Bin , Bian Menghua , Li Chun , Wang Linlin , Yu Donghui , Shi Shoulei , Yan Guang , Shi Huai-Ting , Yu Jianwei
Published: July 2024

In this paper, a novel CGL structure is designed and studied to improve the lateral leakage in stacked OLED devices. Experiments confirmed that the position of transverse leakage mainly occurred in the CGL layer, and the new CGL structure was realized by optimizing the n‐CGL material. Compared with the reference CGL structure device, the voltage of the new structure device decreased by 0.05v, and the current efficiency increased by 5%. The average value of the color gamuts was improved by 5%, demonstrating the effectiveness and stability of the new CGL structure. The mechanism of the new CGL structure was verified by EOD. The carrier transmission performance of the new CGL structure was worse, but the carrier injection performance was improved, so as to improve the lateral leakage problem under the premise of ensuring the role of CGL.
P‐195: Analysis of Impurities in OLED Materials
Authors: Takano Hikaru , Shirakura Daichi , Fujimoto Hiroshi , Adachi Chihaya
Published: July 2024

We conducted combustion ion chromatography, TOFSIMS, and LC/MS measurements to identify impurities in OLED materials affecting device lifetime decreases. The results of various analyses indicated that the synthesis lot with a low device lifetime contained a significant amount of brominated Host‐1 (Host‐1‐Br), and we successfully identified the compound responsible for the degradation of the device lifetime.
P‐198: Ideal Design of Platinum (II) Complex with Bulky Blocking Group for Narrow Emission and High Efficiency in Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Cheong Kiun , Han Seung Won , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: July 2024

Platinum phosphorescent materials are emerging as promising candidates for efficient blue organic light‐emitting diodes. Especially, tetradentate ligands with a 5/6/6 configuration have the advantage of having twisted structure to minimize intermolecular interactions. However, the reported platinum complexes in the 5/6/6 configuration still exhibit relatively broad luminescence spectra and low efficiency at high doping concentration due to insufficient intermolecular interaction suppression. It is necessary to introduce the appropriate blocking group at the proper position on the ligand to ensure that intermolecular interactions are inhibited. In this work, we propose an ideal design introducing blocking group for platinum (II) complexes with small changes in efficiency and emission spectra at high doping concentration. The bulky blocking group, 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl, introduced at the 3‐position of the carbazole is distorted vertically due to steric hindrance, so the energy is still retained. However, the photophysical and device properties were improved by suppression of intermolecular interaction. As a result, Pt‐dipCz showed high efficiency of 25.0% with narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 22 nm at 5 wt.% doping concentration. When doping concentration increased to 20 wt.%, high efficiency and narrow FWHM were maintained with small changes of only 4.8% reduction and 2 nm increase, respectively. These values indicate that 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl group introduced at carbazole is efficient for suppression of intermolecular interaction.
P‐204: Simulation Study of Temperature Profile on AMOLED Panel Under High Brightness Mode
Authors: Rao Ruiheng , Ma Yangzhao , Dai Hao , Dun Dongliang , Xia Zhiqiang , Yang Kang , Lee Bonggeum
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we present a thermal simulation model designed to accurately predict the temperature distribution of AMOLED panel when operating in high brightness mode (HBM). The model incorporates panel geometric parameters, taking into account stacking configuration and material properties of actual OLED panel module. The simulation results demonstrate excellent agreement with the measured temperature distribution, with a maximum temperature difference of less than 1.5°. This thermal simulation model holds significant potential for evaluating OLED display performance and reliability risks associated with temperature increases. It can also serve as a valuable tool for guiding panel wiring design.
P‐208: Ultra High‐resolution patterning technology with Fine silicon mask
Authors: Huang Qingyu , Wang Lu , Wang Weijing , Liu Xiaoyun , Zhang Fengjie , Sun Zhongyuan , Jiao Zhiqiang , Yuan Guangcai
Published: July 2024

Side by side RGB OLEDs‐on‐Silicon backplane holds great promise for high brightness, high resolution and low cost Micro OLED displays. The main challenge of vacuum thermal evaporation (VTE) patterning technique is to get a submricon‐size shadow distance. Herein, we have explored the relation of shadow distance with mask‐substrate gap, as well as the relationship of shadow distance with evaporation angle. The achievements verify the possibility of manufacturing the ultra‐high resolution side by side RGB AMOLEDs with >4000ppi. The study of ultra‐high resolution evaporation patterning need to be expanded for the OLED microdisplays futures.
P‐209: Research on Adhesion of Acrylic Photoresist on Different Substrates for OLED Display
Authors: Shen Ying , Xiao Weikang , Li Chenzhe , Zhu Xiujian
Published: July 2024

Acrylic photoresist could be applied as a functional layer for OLED display, and it is required to be fabricated mainly on the hybrid substrate of metal and inorganic silicide substrate or the polymer substrate. Through simulation, this paper concludes that moderately increasing the silane coupling agent content and moderate crosslinking degree of the material system could contribute to improving the adhesion force at the interface between acrylic photoresist and substrate, thereby avoiding peeling. Four acrylic photoresists named OC1‐4 with different formula are introduced, their adhesion force and peeling performances on different substrates are researched. The experimental results are consistent with that of simulation. Among them, OC1&4 with high content of silane coupling agent did not exhibit peeling on the hybrid substrate and polymer substrate, and their adhesion forces are large enough, making them suitable as functional layers for OLED display.
P‐214: TADF/Fluorescent Hybrid WOLED Device with Adjustable Color Temperature
Authors: Wang Linlin , You Juanjuan , Bian Menghua , Shen Yongqi , Yan Guang , Bo Bin , Quan Wei , Zhang Yue , Cui Ying , Hu Chunjing , Yu Donghui , Li Chun , Sun Li , Shih Huai‐Ting , Yu Jianwei
Published: July 2024

Although the tandem WOLED have the potential of high efficiency and long lifetime, the high voltage of tandem structure usually limits its application inAR/VR products. To achieve low voltage WOLED, it is necessary to develop single structure. Most of the reported single WOLED with the use of TADF materials show a relatively large CIE coordinates. In this work, we use the combination of blue fluorescence and yellow TADF materials with a 1‐2 nm p‐type interlayer material between them. The energy is transferred from blue fluorescence to TADF. And finally, the single WOLED with tunable color temperature was realized. The CIE coordinates can be tuned from the warm white point of (0.313, 0.323) to the cold white point of (0.285, 0.279). The roll‐off of efficiency from 240 nit to 3000 nit is lower than 10%, and the lifetime (LT95) can reach 1300 h at 1000 nit.
P‐218: Research on Improving the Performance and Immersion of Flexible Transparent AMOLED
Authors: Liu Jia , Jiang Bo , Pan Xinye , Liu Qiang , Ma Xuejie , Zhang Rong , Song Wenfeng , Lan Lan , Jiang Danyang , Liu Yang , Gai Cuili , Ding Liwei
Published: July 2024

In recent years, transparent display has attracted lot of attention for wide application such as smart window and showcase. The see‐through capability, which is closely related to transmittance, reflectivity, haze and yellowness index, is a key indicator to measure the performance of transparent display. In this paper, we tried many methods to further improve the quality of flexible transparent AMOLED. In addition, one bezel‐less transparent display has been developed to improve immersion with surroundings.
P‐253: Late‐News Poster: The Evaluation on the Stability of Electroluminescent Materials Using Polaron Pair Formation Kinetics
Authors: Moon Hyunsoo , Lee Euihyun , Park Man Jae , Lee Chang Woo , Ahn Nari
Published: July 2024

We developed the method for evaluation of the stability of electroluminescent materials by using QEMS (quantum efficiency measurement system). Relative PL (photoluminescence) intensity decay of BDs (blue dopants) with BHs (blue hosts) in solution under UV light irradiation were measured and the rate constants for polaron pair formation by electron transfer were determined through first‐order kinetics analyses. The rate constants of polaron pair formation (6.487E‐04 –1.805E‐03 min‐1 ) were inversely proportional to the lifetime of OLED (organic light‐emitting diode) devices. We expect that this evaluation method can be applied to the development of new OLED materials and longer lifetime OLED devices.
P‐257: Late‐News Poster: Highly Efficient Geometrically Stretchable Organic Light Emitting Diodes with Angle Independent Narrow‐Band Emission
Authors: Nimbalkar Ajay , Irfan Aqsa , Suh Min Chul
Published: July 2024

Herein, we demonstrated the first highly efficient geometrical stretchable top‐emitting organic light emitting diode by incorporating the pre‐stretched optical adhesive (OA) film. The enhancement of device efficiencies with light extraction phenomenon brought by the nanowavy corrugated structures of OA substrate. GSOLED shows stability in stretchable conditions and displays narrowband emission with color purity. The device shows very high current efficiency and EQE of 221 cd A ‐1 and 51 %.
Dual‐agent dose‐finding in Phase I clinical trial—An extension of rapid enrollment design
Authors: Wang Yunfei
Published: July 2024

Dual‐agent treatment has become more and more popular in clinical trials. We have developed an approach called rapid enrollment dual‐agent design (REDD) for dose‐finding in Phase I clinical trials. This approach aims to administer treatment to patients using a dose combination that is highly probable to be the target dose combination. Unlike other non‐model‐based designs, rapid enrollment designs (RED and REDD) do not require waiting for all patients to complete an assessment before the assignment of the next participant. Simulations showed that across several scenarios, the average performance of REDD is comparable to that of the Bayesian optimal interval (BOIN) design and the partial order continual reassessment method (POCRM). The simulation results of REDD for late‐onset toxicity assessments demonstrated that assigning patients to a dose combination as they are being enrolled, without waiting for the most recent cohort of patients to complete their follow‐up, does not significantly compromise the quality of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) estimation. Instead, it saves a considerable amount of time in clinical trial enrollment. User‐friendly online applications have also been created to further facilitate the adoption of rapid enrollment designs in Phase I trials. In summary, being similar to BOIN and POCRM in performance, REDD is an approach that is easily comprehensible, straightforward to implement and offers an advantage of enrolling patients without having to wait for all current patients to complete their follow‐ups for toxicity.