bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Latent Toxoplasma, schizophrenia, and depression: a case study in urban Ecuador
Authors: Moreno Diego Ferdinand Rosado , Santacruz Evelyn Carolina Loor , Zambrano Jorge David Ávila , Mosquera Larissa Villacrés , Alvarez Maria Belen Intriago , Orellana Mario Alberto Sotomayor , Chavez Flor Maria Alcivar , Santos Shanny Estefania Toral , Figueroa Nicole Gabriela Sanchez
Published: March 2022

Background:In recent years several research projects around the world have aimed to determine a possible infectious origin of schizophrenia, where a higher prevalence of Immunoglobin G antibodies against Toxoplasma has been observed in these patients. Differences in symptoms between infected and non-infected patients have also been described. Finding the link between Toxoplasma and Schizophrenia is a complex challenge that requires further research which will allow better treatment options, symptoms improvement and quality of life. Methods:Search of differences on symptomatology was performed by studying 104 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia from the Institute of Neurosciences of the city of Guayaquil, who underwent ELISA testing to detect Immunoglobin G against Toxoplasma gondii. Results:Of these 104 samples, 90 were positive, obtaining an 86.5% prevalence. Thirteen symptoms were taken from clinical notes, where the infection with Toxoplasma gondii was found to be a protective factor for schizophrenia patients against depressionConclusion:These findings add evidence to previous reports that latent Toxoplasma may protect against depression in patients with schizophrenia.
Landslides Mapping and Design of IoT-based Susceptibility Prediction System: A Case Study of Bududa District in Uganda
Authors: Badru Lusiba , Twaib Semwogere , Oguti Victoria , Bongomin Ocident , Ocen Gilbert Gilibrays
Published: March 2022

Landslides are a serious geologic hazard common in the Eastern and western hilly parts of Uganda. Landslides have caused large numbers of casualties and huge economic losses in hilly and mountainous areas of the Uganda. Landslide investigations in Mount Elgon areas can be traced back to about two decades. These investigations have focused mainly on landslide cause-effect relationship, triggering mechanism, people’s perceptions of landslide disasters, and vulnerability. No attempt has been made by scholars to monitor, watch, and warn about the events of landslides in the Elgon areas involving modern technology and hence automate the prediction of landslide susceptibility. A pretty good landslide hazards prevention program is needed to address the awareness of several fundamental aspects of landslides thus, seeks answers to such questions as; where and when will landslides occur? how big will they be? Hence watch and warning are key services of any landslide hazard prevention system. ArcGIS was acquired and preliminary mapping of landslide prone sites was done partially, GIS images and maps were extracted from ArcGIS software for analysis. The digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area was produced. The images extracted were for the areas prone to landslides and further analysis is done. The parameters like soil pore pressure, soil vibration, soil movement, rain intensity, humidity and soil characteristics are studied to establish their threshold values for landslide occurrences, the high lands of Bududa district in Eastern Uganda was taken as a case study. A design of IoT system to monitor the area and report the possibility is done. The system has the ability to report on landslide indicators, people are notified by a text or audio massage on devices connected on to the internet.
Challenge of 2D representation of 3D objects in architectural and heritage studies. In search of gaze patterns similarities
Authors: Rusnak Marta
Published: March 2022

This paper describes the results of eye-tracking registrations using spherical stimuli related to the so-called longitudinal church effect and compared it to those obtained by using a stationary eye-tracker and pictures shown on a computer screen in previous studies. The data collected from nearly 120 viewers allowed to investigate the effect of length of the nave on concentration on the altar and its role in supporting the ritual. An important aspect of this study is that it compares three pairs of stimuli and their relationships, rather than just two examples. The experiment with flat images in many respects gave results like those obtained in virtual reality. Even though the values on which the conclusions were based differed, 11 out of 14 analyzed aspects were confirmed. An important difference observed in VR was a noticeable decrease in the average duration of fixation. Thanks to the presented comparison it can be assumed that there is no need to involve VR technology if the studied phenomena are simple and the most important elements of linear compositions are visible in a single glance. If eye-tracking tests conducted with stationary eye-trackers do not have any other flaws, the conclusions drawn from them can be trusted.
Development and Validation of an Early Warning Model for Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Multi-center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Smit J. M. , Krijthe J. H. , Tintu A. N. , Endeman H. , Ludikhuize J. , Genderen M. E. Van , Hassan S. , Moussaoui R. El , Westerweel P. E. , Goekoop R. J. , Waverijn G. , Verheijen T. , Hollander J. G. Den , De Boer M.G.J. , Gommers D. A.M.P.J. , Vlies R. Van der , Schellings M. , Carels R. A. , Nieuwkoop C. Van , Arbous M. S. , Bommel J. Van , Knevel R. , De Rijke Y. B. , Reinders M. J.T.
Published: March 2022

Background: Timely identification of deteriorating COVID-19 patients is needed to guide changes in clinical management and admission to intensive care units (ICUs). There is significant concern that widely used early warning scores (EWSs) underestimate illness severity in COVID-19 patients and therefore, we developed an early warning model specifically for COVID-19 patients.Methods: We collected electronic medical record data to extract predictors and used these to fit a random forest model. To simulate the situation in which the model would have been developed after the first COVID-19 ‘wave’ in the Netherlands and implemented during the second wave, we performed a temporal validation by splitting all included patients into groups admitted before and after August 1, 2020. Furthermore, we propose a method for dynamic model updating to retain the model’s predictive performance over time. We evaluated model discrimination and calibration, performed a decision curve analysis, and quantified the importance of predictors using SHapley Additive exPlanations values.Findings: We included 3 514 COVID-19 patient admissions from six Dutch hospitals between February 2020 until May 2021, and included a total of 18 predictors for model fitting. The model showed a higher discriminative performance in terms of partial area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.82 [0.80 to 0.84]) compared to the National Early Warning Score (0.72 [0.69 to 0.74]) and the Modified Early Warning Score (0.67 [0.65 to 0.69]), a greater net benefit over a range of clinically relevant model thresholds, and good calibration (intercept=0.03 [-0.09 to 0.14], slope=0.79 [0.73 to 0.86]).Interpretation: Thisstudyshowsthepotentialbenefitofmovingfromearlywarningmodelsforthegeneralinpatientpopulationtomodelsforspecificpatientgroups. The COVID-19-specific early warning model is available online at https://github.com/jimmsmit/COVID-19_EWSandweencourageotherstofurther validate this model independently.
Modeling for Agriculture Irrigation Quality Index of the Iran in Southern Catchment Basin of Namak Lake Using Ad-Hoc, Expert Researches Awards Approach and Fuzzy-Statistical Methods
Authors: Samadi Javad
Published: March 2022

Modeling and surveying the quality of agriculture irrigation is essential for management, site selection, land allocation and development of agriculture activities, water quality and quantity monitoring system, and protection of water resources and prevention the economic risks of agricultural products. In this study, following 15 parameters: Potential Salinity (PS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Kelly's Ratio (KR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Kalium Hazard (KH), Permeability Index (PI), Lime Deposition Potential (LDP), potential of Hydrogen (pH), Total Hardness (TH), Bicarbonate Content (BC), Chloro-Alkaline Indices (CAI) and Boron Hazard (BH), were used for spatial modeling of agriculture irrigation index. At first, very important and effective parameters on irrigation quality index were identified and the values of the parameters index based on research awards of experts and Ad Hoc system were rated using nonlinear regression and fuzzy-statistical methods. This was performed in such a way that the level and importance of each classes of classification parameters and the final model are considered equivalent and equal to the reclassified classes of agriculture irrigation quality index (AIQI) up to be equalized the parameters weight. The results showed that AIQI index based on the geometric mean of the parameters can demonstrate the highest impact on irrigation quality status and determining the agriculture suitable areas in catchment basin in south of the Namak Lake.
Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Sri Lankan Versions of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale
Authors: Kanchana Tanika Gayani , Jayamanne Bernard Deepal , Griffiths Mark D
Published: March 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has created unprecedented mental health issues among the worldwide general population. One of the most reported consequences is the fear of COVID-19. The present study translated and validated the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) into Sri Lankan local languages (Sinhalese and Tamil). A total of 286 Sri Lankan adults participated in the study. Both translations of the FCV-19S demonstrated a good fit for the two-factor structure (TLI: 0.90 Sinhalese & 0.89 Tamil) and showed very good internal consistency (α = 0.85 Sinhalese, α = 0.88 Tamil). Concurrent validity indicated positive significant correlations with Kessler’s Psychological Distress Scale (Sinhalese: r=.305, p<.01, Tamil: r=.306, p<.01). The Sinhalese and Tamil FCV-19S demonstrated reliable and valid psychometric properties for assessing fear of COVID-19 among Sri Lankans.
A Novel Defined Risk Signature Based on Lactate-Related Genes can Predicts Prognosis of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Hu Ding , Jin Yanyang , Li Zizhi , Huang Weichao , Cao Qingfei , Tong Guangquan , Hong Peng , Shen Tong , Wu Weikang , Tong Ming , Ji Chundong
Published: March 2022

Background
Lactate is an important carbon source for cell metabolism as well as a signaling molecule in normal, chronic inflammatory and cancer tissues. However, the relationship between lactate and bladder cancer (BLCA) has not been studied yet.
Methods
Expression profiles of the patients with bladder cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas were divided into different clusters using non-negative matrix factorization clustering to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Univariate Cox analysis, Lasso-Cox analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristics curves were used to developed and validated a prognostic signature for the survival rate of patients. "CIBERSORT" and "ESTIMATE" algorithms were used to quantify the immunocyte content and evaluate tumor purity for different clusters and subgroups. Online tool "Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion" was used to predict the immune escape ability of patients in different scoring subgroups after immunotherapy.
Results
The different clusters according to the expression pattern of lactate-associated genes (LAGs) had significant differences in the survival rate and the tumor microenvironment. Besides, a risk signature constructed by DEGs based on different clusters and verified by the GSE32894 dataset could not only significantly distinguish between the prognosis and clinical features of patients with different scores but was also found to be related to the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy. Finally, a high accuracy nomogram model was established.
Conclusions
Overall, this research has revealed the relationship between lactate and patient prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy, which may provide novel prognostic biomarkers for patients with BLCA.
Ruta Graveolens, Peganum Harmala and Citrullus Colocynthis Methanolic Extracts Have in Vitro Protoscolocidal Effects and Act Against Bacteria Isolated From Echinococcal Hydatid Cyst Fliud
Authors: Qaisi Yaseen T. Al , Khleifat Khaled , Oran Sawsan A. , Tarawneh Amjad A. Al , Qaralleh Haitham , Al-Qaisi Talal S. , Farah Husni S.
Published: March 2022

Echinococcosis is a common and endemic disease that affects both humans and animals. In this study, the in vitro activities of methanolic extracts of Ruta graveolens, Peganum harmala aerial parts, and Citrullus colocynthis seeds against protoscolosis and isolated bacterial strains from hydatid cysts were assessed using disc diffusion methos and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The chemical composition of aerial sections of R. graveolensand P. harmala, as well as methanolic extracts of C. colocynthis seeds, was studied using LC-MS. These plants produced a total of 26, 31, and 23 chemicals, respectively. The bacteria listed below were isolated from hydatid cyst fluid collected from a variety of sick locations, including the lung and liver. Micrococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter amnigenus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus xylosus, and Achromobacter xylosoxidans are among the bacteria that have been identified. The most effective extract was R. graveolens, followed by P. harmala and C. colocynthis, according to the results of antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. R. graveolens extract had the lowest MIC values (less than 2 mg/mL) against all microorganisms tested. This shows that the R. graveolens extract has additional properties, such as the ability to be both scolocidal and bactericidal. Because these bacteria are among the most prevalent pathogenic bacteria that increase the risk of secondary infection during hydatid cysts, the results of inhibitory zones and MICs of the R. graveolens methanol extract are considered highly promising.
Inhibitory efficiency evaluation of the phenazopyridine tablet for mild steel corrosion in acidic media
Authors: Naghizade Razieh , Sajadi Ghazal Sadat , Golshani Zahra , Hosseini Seyed Mohammad Ali
Published: March 2022

The inhibition performance of phenazopyridine tablet on mild steel in 0.5 M phosphoric acid and 1M hydrochloric acid solutions is investigated using different techniques (potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM)). The gained results demonstrated that various concentrations of phenazopyridine inhibited the corrosion of the alloy in both of the acid solutions. The inhibition efficiency raised with a rise in the concentration of the drug and reduced with a rise in temperature. The maximum inhibition efficiency is observed in the presence of 500 ppm of the compound. Polarization evaluations displayed that the phenazopyridine acts as a mixed inhibitor in the hydrochloric acid solution and acts as an anodic inhibitor in the phosphoric acid solution. The corrosion parameters derived from the techniques are agreeing with one another. The adsorption mechanism of the tablet on the alloy was investigated by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The entropy of adsorption increased in hydrochloric acid and decreased in phosphoric acid solution. SEM micrographs were taken from the surface of the mild steel after exposure.
COVID-19 vaccine and Menstrual conditions in female: data analysis of the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Zhang Bing , Yu Xiao , Liu Jinxing , Liu Pengfei
Published: March 2022

Background: In reports of adverse reactions following vaccination with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) vaccines, there have been fewer reports of concern for menstrual disorders in female. Objective: Our study used Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System(VAERS)to investigate and analyze the relationship between COVID-19 Vaccines and menstrual disorders in female. Methods: We collected reports of menstrual disorders in VAERS from July 2, 1990 to November 12, 2021, and performed a stratified analysis. The potential relationship between COVID-19 vaccine and reports of menstrual disorders was evaluated using the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) method. Results: A total of 14,431 reports of menstrual disorders were included in the study, and 13,118 were associated with COVID-19 vaccine. The ROR was 7.83 (95% confidence interval [95%CI]:7.39-8.28). The most commonly reported event was Menstruation irregular (4998 reports), and a higher percentage of female aged 30-49 years reported menstrual disorders (42.55%) after exposure to COVID-19 Vaccines. Both for all reports of menstrual disorders (ROR=5.82; 95%CI:4.93-6.95) and excluding reports of unknown age (ROR=13.02; 95%CI:10.89-15.56), suggest that female age may be associated with menstrual disorders after vaccination with the COVID-19 Vaccines. Conclusion: Our study suggests a potential safety signal among female who received the COVID-19 vaccine, which may cause menstrual disorders in young adult female (30-49 years old). However, due to the well-known limitations of spontaneous reporting data, it is challenging to directly define menstrual disorders as an adverse event of the COVID-19 Vaccines, and reports of adverse reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines in this age group should continue to be tracked.
Experimental Determination of Effect of Bushfire on Erosion Development in Different Soil Types
Authors: Arinze Emmanuel Emeka , Ekwueme Benjamin , Obimba-Wogu Jesuborn , Okeke Samuel
Published: March 2022

Tropical forests are increasingly exposed to devastating bushfires leading to increased erosion. This work involve the study of effect of bushfire on erosion development. Four different soil samples from the study area were used for the study. In this study, the post-fire impacts of laboratory fire representing bushfire and subsequent rainfall simulation experiment representing postfire rainfall to evaluate short-term impact of fire on bare soil. The laboratory observations show that bushfire or wildfire affects the erodibility of different types of soil. When the soil under consideration contains meaningful amount of clay, initial exposure to heat tend to cement the soil sample, because clay minerals hardens on exposure to bush burning. However, it is generally observed that at 6 hours exposure to burning, the cementation is adversely affected leading to increased soil loss.
Can Preoperative MRI Predict Intra-operative Hamstring Graft Size in Double Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction?
Authors: Samejima Yuji , Mochizuki Yuta , Ishii Katsuhisa , Ikegami Hiroyasu , Musha Yoshiro
Published: March 2022

Background: Hamstring tendon graft diameters < 8 mm are considered a risk factor for graft failure. There is a lack of data regarding the prediction of double-bundle (DB) hamstring graft diameter using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative MRI can be a predictor of DB hamstring graft diameter and to determine the minimum hamstring tendon cross-sectional area (CSA) on MRI required to produce a hamstring graft equivalent to 8 mm of a single-bundle (SB) graft, in the case of a DB graft.Methods: A retrospective study was performed on patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction between 2017 and 2020. The inclusion criteria were (1) patients aged 20 years or older and (2) operation with DB reconstruction. The exclusion criteria were (1) multiple ligament injuries, (2) previous hamstring injury, and (3) patients who underwent revision surgery. The correlation between preoperative MRI CSA and anthropometric data and graft size was calculated, and the factors most associated with graft size were calculated using multiple regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also used to calculate the threshold for creating a thicker DB graft.Results: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 69 patients for this study. There was a positive correlation between intra-operative graft size and height (r = 0.590, P < 0.001), weight (r = 0.485, P < 0.001) and preoperative MRI semitendinosus tendon + gracilis tendon CSA (r = 0.591, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that preoperative MRI CSA was the most influential factor on intra-operative graft size (β = 0.366, 95% CI 0.237-0.946, P = 0.001). Based on the ROC analysis, the optimal cut-off value of MRI CSA for determining the CSA of DB graft corresponding to an SB diameter of 8 mm was 19.1 mm2 (sensitivity 96.3%, specificity 80.0%).Conclusions: MRI CSA was found to be the most relevant factor for graft size. The ability to predict graft diameter by preoperative MRI is beneficial for surgical planning and graft selection and may reduce the risk of failure.Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series
Traditional and novel risk factors of premature coronary heart disease and correlation between Triglyceride-glucose index and multivessel disease
Authors: Wei Ao , Liu Jingjing , Wang Le , Zheng Senshuang , Cong Hongliang
Published: March 2022

Background: For a decade, the incidence and global burden of coronary heart disease (CHD) has increased in the young population. To identify the characteristics of premature CHD patients and to determine the risk factors of premature CHD and multivessel disease (MVD).Methods: A total of 2846 patients were enrolled in this retrospective, cross-sectional study. Premature CHD is defined as men <45 years and women <55 years. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the database of patient medical records. Logistic regression models were applied to analyse the characteristics and risk factors of premature CHD and MVD.Results: Most characteristics between premature and mature CHD patients were not statistically significant. A significantly higher rate of dyslipidaemia was found in female premature CHD patients (OR=1.412, 95%CI:1.029-1.936). In the crude models, female patients with the highest TyG index level were more likely to have premature MVD (OR=2.065, 95%CI:1.426-2.991) or mature MVD (OR=1.837, 95%CI:1.104-3.056) than those with the lowest TyG index group instead of premature single-vessel disease. Among male patients, the same trend was observed in mature MVD of CHD (OR=2.272, 95%CI:1.312-3.937). The significance of the TyG index was not revealed in the multivariate analyses; however, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, OMI, and Lp(a) showed a positive association with MVD.Conclusions: Dyslipidaemia should be used as an effective factor for the prediction and prevention of premature CHD in women. The TyG index could be a simple auxiliary indicator to be applied in population-based cardiovascular disease screening for initial identification of vascular disease severity.
Effect of the Concentration of Dissolvent and Reductor Agent in the Synthesis of Tungsten-based Structures Using Microwave Approach and It Use as Catalysts in Dmf Hydrogen Donor
Authors: Flores Miriam Estrada , Guzmán-Barba Tonantzi , Reza-SanGermán Carmen M. , Manríquez-Ramírez María Elena , Rojas-Valencia Oscar G. , Encarnación-Gómez Cecilia , Hernández-Cruz María Guadalupe
Published: March 2022

Tungsten-based structures by microwave approach were synthesized. Four different essays were used to analyze the effect of some synthesis variables; in two of them the effect of the concentration of the solvent was studied using pure ethylene glycol and a mix of ethylene glycol and water, while the other samples the effect of the presence of reductor agent using sodium borohydride was studied. All the samples were prepared using as precursor ammonium tetrathiotungstate and sulfur in excess to incentive the growth of structures enriched in this element, for each synthesis 1 minute of irradiation was used with microwave power level of 1200 watts and frequency of 2.64 GHz. The structural, morphological, and optical characterizations were carried out with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), infrared and uv-vis spectroscopies. By SEM, all the samples demonstrated differences in the size and morphology derivate of the modification of the experimental variables, the order of magnitude of the synthesized materials ranged from 0.01 µm until 6.5 µm, with morphologies of tetragonal prisms, flakes, irregular agglomerates or flower-like depends on the characteristics of the precursor solution. TEM lets to determine the composition of each sample, corroborated also by IR and Diffuse Reflectance spectroscopies. The four samples were used as catalysts in the study of dimethylformamide (DMF) hydrogen donor.
Correlation between UV index, temperature and humidity with respect to incidence and severity of COVID 19 in Spain
Authors: Perez-Gilaberte Juan Blas , Martín-Iranzo Natalia , Aguilera José , Almenara-Blasco Manuel , Galvez María Victoria , Gilaberte Yolanda
Published: March 2022

Background
Different studies support the inverse correlation between solar exposure and Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. In Spain, the global incidence of COVID-19 is different depending on latitude from Canary Islands to North Spain which could be related with different meteorological conditions as temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet index (UVI). The objective of the present work was to analyze the association between UVI and other relevant environmental factor such as temperature or humidity with the incidence and severity/mortality of COVID19 in different latitudes in Spain.
Methods
An observational prospective study was used to analyzed number of new cases, hospitalizations, patients in critical units as well as mortality and annual variations related to UVI, temperature, and humidity in 5 different provinces of Spain from January 2020 to February 2021.
Results
Statistically significant inverse correlation (Spearman coefficients) was observed between UVI and temperature and the annual evolution and COVID-19 incidental cases in all and almost all latitudes respectively.
Conclusion
Higher ultraviolet radiation levels and mean temperature could contribute in reducing COVID-19 incidence, hospitalizations and mortality.
Hyaluronan nanoscale clustering and Hyaluronan synthase 2 expression are linked to the invasion of child fibroblasts and infantile fibrosarcoma in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Tonge Joseph J. , Notley Scott V. , Dunning Mark J. , López-Guajardo Ana , Medcalf Jessica D. , Heldin Paraskevi , Panoutsos George , Gad Annica K. B.
Published: March 2022

Infantile fibrosarcoma is a rare childhood tumour that originates in the fibrous connective tissue of the long bones for which there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets. This study aims to clarify the role of the extracellular matrix component Hyaluronan in the invasion of child fibroblasts and Infantile fibrosarcoma into the surrounding environment. Using nanoscale super-resolution STED microscopy followed by computational image analysis, we observed, for the first time, that metastasising child fibroblasts showed increased nanoscale clustering of Hyaluronan at the cell periphery, as compared to control cells. Hyaluronan was not observed within focal adhesions. Bioinformatic analyses further revealed that the increased nanoscale Hyaluronan clustering was accompanied by increased gene expression of Hyaluronan synthase 2, reduced expression of Hyaluronidase 2 and CD44, and no change of Hyaluronan synthase 1 and Hyaluronidases 1, 3, 4, 5. We further observed that the expression of the Hyaluronan synthase 1, 2 and 3, and the Hyaluronidase 3 and 5 genes was linked to reduced life expectancy of fibrosarcoma patients. The invasive front of infantile fibrosarcoma tumours further showed increased levels of Hyaluronan, as compared to the tumour centre. Taken together, our findings are consistent with the possibility that while Hyaluronan 2 increases the levels, the Hyaluronidases 3 and 5 reduce the weight of Hyaluronan, resulting in the nanoscale clustering of Hyaluronan at the leading edge of cells, cell invasion and the spread of Infantile fibrosarcoma.
Designing a zero-order energy transition model: a guide for creating a Starter Data Kit
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , Barron Karla Cervantes , Charbonnier Flora , Walker Miriam Zachau , Halloran Claire , Yeganyan Rudolf , Tan Naomi , Cullen Jonathan M , Harrison John , To Long Seng , Howells Mark
Published: March 2022

192 Parties joined the Paris Agreement, which includes commitments to reduce emissions. However, developing national decarbonisation strategies requires significant analyses and investment. Analyses for such strategies are often delayed due to a lack of accurate and up-to-date data for creating energy transition models. Starter Data Kits address this issue by providing open-source, zero-level country datasets to accelerate the energy planning process. There is a strong demand for replicating the process of creating Starter Data Kits because they are currently only available for 69 countries in Africa, Asia, and South America. Using an African country as an example, this paper presents the methodology to create a Starter Data Kit from data collection to the creation of tool-agnostic data repositories. The paper illustrates the steps involved, provides additional information for conducting similar work in Asia and South America, and highlights the limitations of the current version of the Starter Data Kits. Future development is proposed to expand the datasets, including new and more accurate data and new energy sectors.
Assessing Acute Diarrhea Awareness among Syrian Private University Medical Students in Syria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Youzbahshi Lamaat , Ayash Ahmad , Daher Nizar
Published: March 2022

Introduction:Dehydration caused by diarrhea is one of the top ten leading causes of death worldwide and is of particular concern in children under five years of age. Most cases of acute diarrhea in adults are caused by infections and are often self-limiting in adults. Although diarrheal disease is very common, there is still a lack of knowledge about its causes and treatment. Food poisoning is an urgent concern that may threaten life and affect health but still underestimated.This study aims to assess awareness and knowledge about acute diarrhea, its causes, and symptoms and how to manage it in students of the Syrian private university. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the Syrian private university using a self-managed statement. The questionnaire consists of six sections: socio-demographic characteristics, definition of diarrhea, its Types, Causes, Symptoms, measure.T test and one way anova test were used to study the relationship between the average degree of awareness and the socio-demographic information of participants.Results: This study included 415 students of medical specialties at the Syrian Private University, of which 244 students (85.8%) ranged in age from 17 to 28 years and the average age was 21. The largest percentage of participating students is from the Faculty of human medicine (190) followed by the Faculty of Dentistry (113) followed by the Faculty of Pharmacy (112). 298 respondents had previously received information on diarrhea. Students' awareness and management scores on acute diarrhea ranged from 0 to 32 with an average score of 20.6. We found a correlation between the average scores of consciousness and the ages of the students. A correlation was found between the average scores of consciousness among medicine students, then pharmacy students, and then dental students.Average awareness scores were higher in students who were married, then engaged, and then single. Average awareness scores are also higher in students who have previously received information about acute diarrhea and its management.Conclusion:More details have been identified regarding awareness and knowledge about acute diarrhea among students of the Syrian private university, including the implementation of large-scale awareness campaigns and emphasis on the importance of not indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and adequate fluid replacement in patients with acute diarrhea. Additional studies are needed to assess knowledge and awareness about acute diarrhea and its management.
Psychological Effects of Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body Implantation in Patients with Impending Eye Atrophy
Authors: Shao Zheyi , Huang Chao , Zhang Ying , Li Shanshan , Wang Donglin , Wang Yu , Lin Huiru , Sun Xianyong , Zhou Fang , Li Jianqiao
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate whether the FCVB could help improve the mental health of patients with impending eye atrophy. Methods: Fifty-five patients who underwent FCVB implantation from 2017 to 2019 were screened to take part in this retrospective study. The researchers used independent third parties to distribute questionnaires, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the interpersonal sensitivity part of the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) scale to score the patients' depression, anxiety, and interpersonal sensitivity before and after surgery. Finally, 52 responses were collected.Results: After FCVB implantation, patients had significantly better mental health and less depression, anxiety, and interpersonal sensitivity levels. Before FCVB implantation, 44.23% of patients with ocular trauma and retinal detachment were depressed, 48.08% were anxious, and 19.23% were sensitive to interpersonal communication. After FCVB implantation, 17.31% were depressed, 15.38% were anxious, and 9.62% were sensitive to interpersonal communication. However, baseline demographic and clinical data, such as age, gender, occupation, finance, pre-FCVB-implantation vision, number of surgeries before FCVB implantation, postoperative period length, and surgical satisfaction, had no significant effects on psychological scores of mental health before and after surgery (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Mental health (depression, anxiety, and interpersonal sensitivity) significantly improved in patients after FCVB implantation.
Highly selective behaviour of colon adenoma after administration of EMR composition and its HCT116-based model.
Authors: Jakabčin Patrik , Kello Martin , Záň Jozef , Kolář Josef , Uličný Jozef
Published: March 2022

When applying the improved composition of the solution used during endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), we observed unexpectedly large and quantitatively significant differences in adenoma response vs. healthy tissue of the surrounding GIT tract, namely, the selective reaction enhancing the adenoma volume and differentiated colour. The in vitro experiments on the model neoplasia cell line HCT116 suggest that the robust differences in the response of starving cells can be traced down principally to tetrastarch digestion and the enhanced metabolic rate of neoplastic cells. The neoplastic tissue grows into several intestine layers so that submucosal injection of iso-oncotic tetrastarch compound leads to degradation of starch and production of oncotic molecules in submucosa transported by facilitated transport into the neoplastic tissue. The colour distinction is due to concentration differences of the reporting dye between three separated compartments, further enhancing the utility of the contrasting mixture. The diffusion dynamics shall be tuneable by optimizing starch composition, improving desirable pharmacokinetics.
Nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam theories with material nonlinearity and their application to single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: huang kun , Qu Benning , Xu Wei , Yao Ji
Published: March 2022

Although the small-scale effect and the material nonlinearity significantly impact the mechanical properties of nanobeams, their combined effects have not attracted researchers’ attention. In the present paper, we propose two new nonlinear nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli theories to model nanobeam’s mechanical properties corresponding to extensible or inextensible locus. Two new theories consider the material nonlinearity and the small-scale effect induced by the nonlocal effect. The new models are used to analyze the static bending and the forced vibration for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The results indicate that the material nonlinearity and the nonlocal effect significantly impact SWCNT’s mechanical properties. Therefore, neglecting the two factors may cause qualitative mistakes.
Influence of Synchronous Primary Care Telemedicine Versus In-Person Visits on Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mabeza Russyan Mark Solis , Maynard Kahtrel , Tarn Derjung M.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
Telemedicine can be used to manage various health conditions, but there is a need to investigate its effectiveness for chronic disease management in the primary care setting. This study compares the effect of synchronous telemedicine versus in-person primary care visits on patient clinical outcomes.
METHODS
A systematic review of studies published in PubMed and Web of Science between 1996 and January 2021 was performed using keywords related to telemedicine, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Included studies compared synchronous telemedicine versus in-person visits with a primary care clinician, and examined outcomes of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, and/or lipid levels.
RESULTS
Of 1,724 citations screened, 7 publications met our inclusion criteria. Included studies were published between 2000 and 2018. Three studies were conducted in the United States, 2 in Spain, 1 in Sweden, and 1 in the United Kingdom. The telemedicine interventions investigated were multifaceted. All included synchronous visits with a primary care provider through videoconferencing and/or telephone, combined with other components such as asynchronous patient data transmission. Five studies reported on HbA1c changes, 5 on blood pressure changes, and 3 on changes in lipid levels. Compared to usual care with in-person visits, telemedicine was associated with greater reductions in HbA1c at 6 months and similar HbA1c outcomes at 12 months. Telemedicine conferred no significant differences in blood pressure and lipid levels compared to in-person clinic visits.
CONCLUSIONS
A systematic review of the literature found few studies comparing clinical outcomes resulting from synchronous telemedicine versus in-person office visits, but the existing literature showed that in the primary care setting, telemedicine was not inferior to in-person visits for the management of diabetes, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia. These results hold promise for continued use of telemedicine for chronic disease management.
ANALISIS AKAD IJARAH MUNTAHIYABITTAMLIK DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Munif Nasrulloh Ali
Published: March 2022

The rapid development of  the Islamic banking industry requires experts of Islamic economics and Islamic banking industry players to be more innovative.One form of  action of  these challenges is the emergence of  a new contract is acontract agreement Ijarah Al muntahiya bit Tamlik (IMBT)/financial leasingwith purchase. This contract is a contract is a hybrid combination of  proprietarylease agreement at the end of  the lease (sale and purchase agreement). Thiscontract became the new breakthrough and provides much convenience forcustomers, but the existence of  the contract IMBT still doubted by many. In general, they questioned how the legal basis of  IMBT both Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia. In the perspective of  Islamic law IMBT said tohave met the principles, pillars and three terms of  the contract. Kontemporeeconomic thinkers such as Adimarwan, Al-Mujamma ‘al-Fiqhi, and classicaleconomic thinkers such as Hanabillah, Malikiyah, Shafi’ites and HanabalahIMBT contract states that the law is permissible (allowed). When viewedfrom the standpoint of  positive law in Indonesia contract IMBT includedin the agreement is not named (Article 1319) arising from the principle of freedom of  contract (Article 1338) and IMBT also meets the requirements of  a valid agreement (Article 1320) as well as elements agreement. The legal consequences arising from the contract agreement IMBT is their right andobligation for them to do so.Pesatnya perkembangan industri perbankan syariah mensyaratkan para ahliekonomi Islam dan pelaku industri perbankan syariah untuk lebih inovatif.Salah satu bentuk tindakan tantangan ini adalah munculnya kontrak baruyaitu perjanjian kontrak Ijarah Al Muntahiya Bit Tamlik (IMBT)/sewakeuangan dengan pembelian. Kontrak ini merupakan kontrak kombinasi(hibrida) dari perjanjian sewa milik pada akhir sewa (perjanjian jual beli).Kontrak ini menjadi terobosan baru dan memberikan banyak kemudahan bagipelanggan, tetapi keberadaan IMBT kontrak masih diragukan oleh banyakpihak. Pada umumnya, mereka mempertanyakan bagaimana dasar hukumIMBT baik hukum Islam dan hukum positif  di Indonesia. Dalam perspektif hukum Islam IMBT dikatakan telah memenuhi prinsip-prinsip, pilar dantiga syarat-syarat dalam kontrak. Para pemikir ekonomi Kontemporerseperti Adimarwan, Al-Mujamma al-Fiqhi, dan pemikir ekonomi klasikseperti Hanabillah, Malikiyah, Syafi’iyah dan kontrak Hanabalah IMBTmenyatakan bahwa hukum IMBT diperbolehkan. Bila dilihat dari sudutpandang hukum positif  di IMBT kontrak Indonesia termasuk dalamperjanjian tidak bernama (Pasal 1319) yang timbul dari prinsip kebebasanberkontrak (Pasal 1338) dan IMBT juga memenuhi persyaratan perjanjianyang sah (Pasal 1320) sebagai serta perjanjian elemen. Konsekuensi hukumyang timbul dari IMBT perjanjian kontrak adalah hak dan kewajiban mereka bagi mereka untuk melakukannya.
The Electronic Payment Systems in a Developing Economy with Reference to Guyana
Authors: Khan Imran
Published: March 2022

The general intention of this Publication is to feature Electronic Payment Systems in a Developing Economy with reference to Guyana and the bearing comprising the advantages in cultivating payment systems while heightening safety, the efficiency of payments, and cost savings. The continuous transformation of a developing economy’s payments system will support monetary growth through the fiscal system for its sustainability and enables proficient financial interposition. This publication further highlights the need for frequent evaluation and supervision for the continuous modernization of electronic payment systems to the benefit and referencing to the developing economy of Guyana. Critical areas that are essential which emphasis have been placed upon but needs further attention in addressing, are as follows: 1. Increase the rate of finalizing a transaction through its related operations within actual or rapid time, as time is money. Currently, the rate of one transaction varies (by hours). 2. Decrease of paper materials and handling costs which generally eases functional cost. 3. Payment assurance and dependable guard against illegal entry to the client’s account in ensuring safe dispensation. This publication has formed the basis to associate investors behind the target to endorse a modern payments system infrastructure that is required for a developing economy with reference to Guyana with the objective of restructuring, empowering discussion and the propelling effect in generating inventive and country-specific electronic payment solutions. It should be noted that a substantial amount of transformation has occurred to date with reference to Guyana.
The Potential of Technology within the Agribusiness Industry in the Emerging Market of Ghana
Authors: Asante Richard
Published: March 2022

This article examines the potentials of an appropriate technology with which the Ghana Agribusiness industry can leverage to boost the living conditions of the industry dependent people, increase the sector’s contribution to GDP, and equip local firms with resources to stand the international competition and to offer multinational firms information required during their globalization endeavours. This will be strategic to maximise the opportunities and manage constraints. Moreover, many business constraints exist. Some are poor technological infrastructure, institutional voids, bribery, corruption, bureaucracy, and poorly trained human capital. There was a critical examination of extant studies by several scholars and researchers related to the study’s objective. The review’s primary focus is to establish strong conceptual, theoretical, and empirical support for this study. These included segments that dealt with the conceptual framework review of competitive advantage and theoretical reviews of the Network Theory. Structured as the third segment is the empirical review. This entails an in-depth review of extant studies related to the three-pronged objectives, with the aim of either rejecting or accepting the underlying framework in such studies. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the primary data collected via focus group discussion and in-depth interviews. In-depth examination of participants’ responses revealed that though the majority (18), 82% of the participants indicated the adoption of technology in the workplace, whiles a few suggested partial or near adoptions.
Gender and Perceived Usefulness of e-HRM Technologies. A Case of the Bankers’ Experience in Tanzania
Authors: Namabira Judith
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the impact of gender differences on the perceived usefulness of e-HRM technologies, using 158 observations from a survey conducted in one of the commercial banks in Tanzania. The descriptive statistics show that the e-HRM technologies in the bank have not been perceived as useful. With the T-Test, it has been found out that men perceive the e-HRM technologies more useful compared to women. The paper urges the promoters of e-HRM technologies in organizations to better understand the ways in which the use of such technologies can be enhanced to their employees, particularly women. The study proposes further research on e-HRM and gender, particularly on the impact of e-HRM technologies on spending, time saving, and errors.
Assessment of the hydrological drought risk in Calgary, Canada using weekly river flows of the past millennium
Authors: Gurrapu Sunil , Sauchyn David J. , Hodder Kyle R.
Published: March 2022

Planning and management of water resource infrastructure requires a depth of knowledge on the characteristics of hydrological extremes, floods and droughts. Infrastructure design is traditionally based upon historically observed extreme events, assuming that they are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) and stationary, i.e. they fluctuate within a fixed envelope of variability. Information on historical hydroclimate provides a limited range of hydrological extremes, which rarely includes long-term worst droughts. This study demonstrates the application of a paleo-environmental dataset, 900 years of weekly streamflow stochastically derived from a tree-ring reconstruction of annual streamflow, to assess the hydrological drought risk. The historic and prehistoric hydrological drought characteristics, i.e. severity–duration–frequency (SDF) relationships, are evaluated. The results indicate that the severity and duration of hydrological drought with the same recurrence interval is substantially larger and longer than those observed over the 100-year historical period. Historic and prehistoric drought SDF relationships established in this study demonstrate the implications of non-stationary climate in the analysis of extreme droughts. Therefore, projected droughts of the 21st century may not exceed the drought severity found in the prehistoric record to the same extent that they exceed historical droughts in the instrumental record. This study emphasizes the importance of paleohydrology in comprehending the region's drought.