bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Percepciones sobre la alimentación saludable y sus implicaciones en la cocina doméstica en un grupo de mujeres de Cataluña, España
Authors: López Torres Leyna Priscila , Contreras Hernández Jesús
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: por lo general, y entre otras consideraciones, las personas declaran tomar en cuenta el valor de la salud cuando eligen sus alimentos. Objetivo: comprender, desde la pers­pectiva de un grupo de mujeres, lo que constituye una alimentación saludable y sus implicaciones en las prácticas culinarias cotidianas. Materiales y métodos: con orientación fenomenológica y metodologías cualitativas, guiadas por el criterio de saturación de la información, se realizaron cuatro grupos de discusión (n=22) y 10 entrevistas en profundidad (n=12) a 31 mujeres residentes en Cataluña, España. Resultados: las percepciones sobre “lo saludable” son diversas y comple­jas. Además de identificarse la reproducción de discursos que denotan la nutricionalización de la alimentación, también se encontraron procesos de asimilación y resignificación que influencian la percepción de “lo saludable” y las prácticas culinarias. Antes que la salud, se consideran las preferencias, los gustos, el costo y la conveniencia en las elecciones alimentarias. Conclusión: las resignificaciones sobre lo que es considerado como “saludable” permite a las entrevistadas integrar estrategias mediante las cuales legitiman los discursos sobre salud en sus prácticas culi­narias, aunque dichas estrategias no necesariamente se correspondan con las normas dietéticas.
La formación de ciudadanos alrededor de la alimentación. Programa Buen Comienzo Medellín
Authors: Álvarez Castaño Luz Stella , Goez Rueda Juan Diego , Quintero Morales María Teresa
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: el programa de primera infancia Buen Comienzo Medellín se ha convertido en un referente nacional por sus logros en la atención integral a los niños.  Las evaluaciones realizadas hasta el momento se han centrado, sobre todo, en los efectos que tiene el programa en el estado nutricional de los niños participantes. Objetivo: evaluar algunas categorías sociopolíticas, como la construcción de ciudadanía y la participación que se desarrollan y potencializan en los momentos de la alimentación de los niños. Materiales y métodos: se utilizó un modelo que combina el análisis multidimensional (estructura, proceso y resultados) y la triangulación de métodos. Resultados: luego de analizar las entrevistas, las observaciones y los documentos del programa se encontraron las siguientes temáticas: a) autonomía y autocuidado, bases para la construcción de ciudadanía en los niños; b) compromiso familiar; c) participación y límites de la libertad; y d) más participación en el hogar, un llamado de los agentes educativos.
De la autonomía a la dependencia. Maíz, mercado y alimentación en Antioquia en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Álvarez Múnera José Roberto , Sibaja Madera Francisco Javier
Published: February 2021

El artículo expone las características de una cultura maicera como la antioqueña en la primera mitad del siglo XX, en la que destaca su limitada producción para atender la creciente demanda de maíz. Esto obligó para su aprovisionamiento en Medellín, centro de la región, a una ampliación de redes de comercio con el resto del departamento y el país. El estudio evidencia la ausencia de una modernización regional en esta actividad tanto en producción como industrialización, y una nula especialización de la estructura rural para proveer de este cereal altamente valorado para la nutrición de la clase trabajadora.
Modiﬁed Butterworth Filters in Solving the Inverse Problem of Analytical Design of Optimal Controllers
Authors: Lovchakov V. I. , Shibyakin O. A.
Published: February 2021

In this work, for linear stationary one-dimensional control objects, the inverse problem of analytical design of optimal controllers (ADOC) is considered, which consists in determining the weight coefficients of the quadratic functional of the optimality of the control process that provide the closed-loop control system with the specified values of the time of transient processes and overshoot. The time of the transient process (regulation time) of the synthesized system is understood in the sense of the classical theory of automatic control and is determined using a " tube" , the value of which is taken, in contrast to known works, equal to the required (desired) small value of the system overshoot of a few percent (2—5 %). The equality of the percentage values characterizing the " tube" and the desired overshoot of the synthesized system is a necessary condition for the maximum response rate of linear dynamic systems and, accordingly, ensures the unambiguity of the solution of the considered inverse ADOC problem in the class of fast-response systems. The proposed solution method provides for the transformation of the ADOC problem to the canonical form, in which the control object is described by a matrix differential equation in the Frobenius form, and the quality functional is defined as the integral of the sum of the products of the object’s canonical phase coordinates, as well as the square of the control signal with appropriate weight coefficients. It is shown that the solution of the inverse canonical ADOC problem is determined by the values of only three nonzero weight coefficients of the criterion, and one of them has a single value. The values of the other two coefficients are proposed to be found in the process of modeling the synthesized optimal control system from the conditions of providing for it a given control time and a given overshoot. To obtain numerical estimates of the two main weight coefficients of the quadratic quality criterion, the solution of the ADOC problem is considered with the limiting increase in the values of these weight coefficients. By the limiting solution of the ADOC problem, the transfer functions of dynamic systems with the limiting (maximum) speed are determined, which have a given overshoot of 4.321 %. The dynamical systems described by these transfer functions are called modified Butterworth filters due to the fact that the well-known Butterworth filters are obtained as their special case with a zero value of a certain constant. The parameters and indicators of the dynamics of these filters up to the sixth order are presented in the table. Using the indicators of Butterworth filters, numerical estimates of the weight coefficients of the quadratic quality criterion are established. Transfer functions of modified Butterworth filters are recommended to be used as reference transfer functions of synthesized high-speed control systems.
An Approach to Scene Recognition Based on the Local Interaction of a Group of Robots
Authors: Moskovsky A. D. , Burgov E. V. , Ovsyannikova E. E.
Published: February 2021

The paper considers a group of animates (bio-inspired abstract models or technical devices) that use the visual analyzer described by the authors earlier. The visual analyzer recognizes the scene observed by the animat, determines the class of the situation and selects the corresponding behavior. The analyzer is based on the" language of poses" , borrowed from some species of ants, which allows them to visually inform other individuals of their condition. The first proposed algorithm describes a visual memory mechanism that allows an animat to remember seen objects for some time and select its behavior in a more stable way compared to a basic visual analyzer. The second algorithm describes a group recognition approach. Robots are able to exchange information about the scene they are observing presented in the form of a graph using local communication. The robot, receiving such information from its neighbors, is able to expand its picture of the world and more correctly choose its behavior based on the recognized situation than if it only had its own data. A demonstration task was set to test the efficiency, approximately simulating a colony of ants that gather food in a certain area. Colony, nest, food, and enemy individuals are modeled in the developed simulation environment. Group efficiency was defined as the amount of food collected over the allotted time period. Animates using the visual memory algorithm showed an increase in efficiency for all the studied memory parameters. Moreover, the dependence is not monotonic, and there is a certain value at which maximum efficiency is achieved. The use of the group recognition algorithm also showed an increase in efficiency compared to the basic visual analyzer. The experiments were carried out for different distances of local interaction. As with memory, there is a value of interaction distance at which the maximum efficiency is achieved. The combination of both algorithms also has interesting results. The experiments showed that the smaller the memory of the robot, the greater the increase in efficiency from using the collective recognition algorithm.
What Is (Fake) News? Analyzing News Values (and More) in Fake Stories
Authors: Tandoc Jr. Edson C. , Thomas Ryan J. , Bishop Lauren
Published: February 2021

‘Fake news’ has been a topic of controversy during and following the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Much of the scholarship on it to date has focused on the ‘fakeness’ of fake news, illuminating the kinds of deception involved and the motivations of those who deceive. This study looks at the ‘newsness’ of fake news by examining the extent to which it imitates the characteristics and conventions of traditional journalism. Through a content analysis of 886 fake news articles, we find that in terms of news values, topic, and formats, articles published by fake news sites look very much like traditional—and real—news. Most of their articles included the news values of timeliness, negativity, and prominence; were about government and politics; and were written in an inverted pyramid format. However, one point of departure is in terms of objectivity, operationalized as the absence of the author’s personal opinion. The analysis found that the majority of articles analyzed included the opinion of their author or authors.
On the Estimation Problems for Exponentiated Exponential Distribution under Generalized Progressive Hybrid Censoring
Authors: Pandey Aakriti , Kaushik Arun , Singh Sanjay K. , Singh Umesh
Published: February 2021

In this article, we considered the statistical inference for the unknown parameters of exponentiated exponential distribution based on a generalized progressive hybrid censored sample under classical paradigm. We have obtained maximum likelihood estimators of the unknown parameters and confidence intervals utilizing asymptotic theory. Entropy measures, such as Shannon entropy and Awad sub-entropy, have been obtained to measure loss of information owing to censoring. Further, the expected total time of the test and expected number of failures, which are useful during the execution of an experiment, also have been computed. The performance of the estimators have been discussed based on mean squared errors. Moreover, the effect of choice of parameters, termination time T, and m on the ETTT and ETNFs also have been observed. For illustrating the proposed methodology, a real data set is considered.
Estimation of the Rayleigh Distribution under Unified Hybrid Censoring
Authors: Jeon Young Eun , Kang Suk-Bok
Published: February 2021

We derive some estimators of the scale parameter of the Rayleigh distribution under the unified hybrid censoring scheme. We also derive some estimators of the reliability function and the entropy of the Rayleigh distribution. First, we obtain the maximum likelihood estimator of the scale parameter. Second, we obtain the Bayes estimator using the mean of the posterior distribution. Lastly, we obtain the Bayes estimator using the mode of the posterior distribution. We also derive the interval estimation (confidence interval, credible interval, and HPD credible interval) for the scale parameter under the unified hybrid censoring scheme. We compare the proposed estimators in the sense of the mean squared error through Monte Carlo simulation. Coverage probability and average lengths of 95 % and 90% intervals are obtained.
PRACTICAL PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS WITH THE HELP OF EDUCATIONAL TRAINING IN PEDAGOGICAL CONFLICTOLOGY
Authors: Koshechko N.
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes actual ideas on the problem of practical training of future teachers. Special emphasis is put on modern student learning technologies. Exclusive attention is paid to the educational training on pedagogical conflictology. The contents, historical aspect, principles, stages, specifics, exercises and techniques of educational training in high school are considered in detail. Presenting main material is to date, there is no generally accepted definition of the concept of "educational training", which leads to its broad interpretation and the designation of this term of various forms, technologies and means used in the educational process of educational institutions.
Educational training is characterized by a clear focus on the transfer and provision of personal information in order to form its healthy lifestyle, prevent harmful habits, destructive behavior, vocational guidance, adaptation to society. The educational training is a modern effective tool for the activity of a teacher in a high school, the mastery of which greatly enhances the quality of mastering not only the discipline "Pedagogical conflictology", other training courses, but also the general professional and personal competence and productivity of students for account of saving time, resources, creative perspectives. Also, it should be noted that such a complex phenomenon of educational life as a pedagogical conflict requires a specific comprehensive methodology for its prevention and overcoming. It consists of combining methods, technologies and techniques of individual psychological counseling (for more effective resolution of intrapersonal conflicts) with training technologies (for optimal resolution of interpersonal conflicts). Due to this approach, it is possible to achieve certain positive changes and transformations in the consciousness and behavior of students, to ensure their effective practical training as future teachers of educational institutions.
Derivative Spectrophotometric Determination For Simultaneous Estimation Of Isoniazid And Ciprofloxacin In Mixture And Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Mohammed Maha A. , Abbas Sumayha M. , Jamur Jasim M. S.
Published: February 2021

A simple analytical method was used in the present work for the simultaneous quantification of Ciprofloxacin and Isoniazid in pharmaceutical preparations. UV-Visible spectrophotometry has been applied to quantify these compounds in pure and mixture solutions using the first-order derivative method. The method depends on the first derivative spectrophotometry using zero-cross, peak to baseline, peak to peak and peak area measurements. Good linearity was shown in the concentration range of 2 to 24 μg∙mL-1 for Ciprofloxacin and 2 to 22 μg∙mL-1 for Isoniazid in the mixture, and the correlation coefficients were 0.9990 and 0.9989 respectively using peak area mode. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) were measured with first derivative method. The LOD and LOQ were found as 0.45 μg∙mL-1 and 1.50 μg∙mL-1 for Ciprofloxacin and 0.68 μg∙mL-1 and 2.28 μg∙mL-1 for Isoniazid, respectively. Accuracy and precision were determined by measuring the relative standard deviation and recoveries. The results also showed that the proposed method was successfully applied for direct analysis of ciprofloxacin and isoniazid in the tablet samples.
Architectures : Institutions and transformations of collective lives
Authors: Delitz Heike
Published: February 2021

Which transformations does collective life experience, when nomadic people are systematically territorialized, settled for instance on the urban periphery of Ulan-Bator in Mongolia? Or which alterations does society undergo in the case of the rapid and massive urbanization in Central China today? The article is based on a sociological theory which argues for the socially constitutive potential of architectural artefacts: It sees architecture not as the ‘mirror’ of a given society, but rather as a mode of society itself. With this theoretical perspective, the article unfolds the methodological proposal of a comparative architectural sociology, contrasting four divergent architectural modes of collective existence. This comparative view, which is that of structural anthropology, aims to highlight the societal positivity of architecture (infrastructures and modes of settlement included), as well as current architectural changes of collectivities such as the urbanization of Central China, or the settlement of the Mongolian nomads. The article consists of four parts: In the first and second parts, the theoretical perspective and the comparative methodology are sketched. The third part contrasts four divergent architectural modes of collective existence, and the fourth and final part exemplarily discusses some architectural transformations.
The Current State of Outdoor Learning in a U.K Secondary Setting: Exploring the Benefits, Drawbacks and Recommendations
Authors:   Teesside University, Williams Ryan Thomas , Scott Carla Daniella ,   Sheffield Hallam University
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the present study was to understand why secondary teachers are not using outdoor learning (OL) in their pedagogical practice. Through the lens of social constructivism (Vygotsky, 1986; Trowler, 2008) the research aims were to 1) examine the current benefits and drawbacks of OL, 2) distinguish factors that influence teachers’ perceptions of OL, and 3) determine, using teachers’ perceptions, if OL has a greater impact on child development than indoor learning (OL). Seven teachers were selected using purposeful sampling from a U.K secondary school. An adapted version of Fagerstam’s (2014) teachers’ perceptions questionnaire was administered to gather responses across social aspects, supporting environment, teacher-student relations, and teacher collaboration. Results from thematic analysis generated risk assessment, weather, time, flexibility, behavior, relationships, and definition as key themes. Furthermore, results showed that there is educational potential for OL, however, this does not have to be in the form of a Forest School Experience. Some teachers were in disagreement on whether the change in pupils’ behavior is perceived as positive or negative, although there were differences in year groups. The author proposes that there are educational, personal development, and fluidity factors that need to be addressed by policymakers and school leaders to encourage teachers to use the outdoor facilities more. Additionally, school leaders could use Kennedy’s (2005) award bearing model as professional development to standardize the quality of OL taking place in schools. Future research must examine the links between OL and cognitive development as much of the research in the area is through the lens of social constructivism.
Biobased Hyperbranched Poly(ester)s of Precise Structure for the Release of Therapeutics
Authors: Howell Bob , Zhang Tracy , Smith Patrick
Published: February 2021

Hyperbrached poly(ester)s derived from naturally-occurring biomonomers may serve as excellent platforms for the sustained-release of therapeutics. Those generated from glycerol are particularly attractive. Traditionally, the difference in reactivity of the hydroxyl groups of glycerol has precluded the formation of well-defined polymers at high monomer conversion without gelation. Using the Martin-Smith model to select appropriate monomer ratios (ratios of functional groups), polymerization may be carried out to high conversion while avoiding gelation and with the assurance of a single type of endgroup. Various agents may be attached via esterification, amide formation or other process. Sustained release of the active agent may be readily achieved by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis.
Autonomía del alumno: implicaciones para el profesor
Authors:   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Luelmo del Castillo María José
Published: February 2021

El contexto educativo actual está obligando a redefinir distintos aspectos de la vida dentro del aula. Entre ellos, destaca la implementación de nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje que persiguen la promoción de la autonomía del alumno. Esta búsqueda supone, entre otras cosas, un cambio de rol en alumnado y profesorado. El presente artículo pretende abordar este último, dando a conocer cómo es posible abordar este cambio y cuáles son las características y funciones de este nuevo docente.
El uso de fuentes documentales para la enseñanza de la historia local de Córdoba. El Catastro de Ensenada como recurso didáctico
Authors:   Universidad de Córdoba, Guerrero Elecalde Rafael
Published: February 2021

El objetivo del artículo reside en la publicación de los resultados de una actividad innovadora desarrollada en el Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Córdoba sobre el uso de fuentes documentales históricas, a través de plataformas digitales, para la enseñanza de la historia local. De esta manera, nos proponemos saber si este tipo de prácticas son útiles y mejoran los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, en este caso, en la formación de los futuros docentes de Educación Primaria. La documentación seleccionada fue el Catastro de Ensenada y sus respuestas generales (Córdoba, 1752). Posteriormente a la actividad, se preguntó al alumnado, a través de un formulario de Google Forms, para reflexionar sobre los contenidos y el diseño de la docencia de las Ciencias Sociales.
Implementação da Norma Regulamentadora NR-12 em uma máquina fundidora de peças de alumínio
Authors: Oliveira Wellington Cordeiro , De Queiroz Santos Antonio Carlos , Aciole Morais de Queiroz Suelyn Fabiana , Morais Marinho Simone Danielle Aciole
Published: February 2021

In the current political and economic environment that we live in Brazil, a conservative wave is in constant movement and has been modifying the social rights of workers, among them the risks exposed in the use of machines and equipment, guaranteed by Normative Resolution NR-12. This article aims to gather the technical methodology that aims to assist the decision making in the choice of actions for the adequacy of the NR-12 for its application in an aluminum casting machine. This work aims to assist the professional in the area of work safety engineering to have parameters of choice and application for the most diverse measures and possible actions regarding the mechanical and electrical devices to be used as protection of a small aluminum parts casting machine (machine object of study), guaranteeing the safety objectives in the operation of this equipment, based on the Literature review for the correct application of the legislation. In conclusion, the adaptations will be carried out in the equipment in a safe, dynamic and low cost way for the company and with the minimum possibility of rework, the application of the correct measurement and also the involvement of a multidisciplinary team with representatives of the maintenance, production and process.
In Situ Abnormal Behaviours Detection
Authors: Bouali Chaima , Habert Olivier , Tahiri Abderrahim
Published: February 2021

This work describes a ‘detection of abnormal activities and health-related changes’ system for an elderly person at her/his home. The analysis is based on the data collected by a domotic box of the market. The box was initially designed to continuously recognize the owner’s daily activities in order to anticipate anomalies and consequently prevent health complications and enhance the rate of disease prevention. The box uses non-intrusive home automation sensors to detect the activity level of the occupants. It is equipped also with other technologies, including humidity sensors, bed and chair sensors to name a few. In order to build a system capable of intercepting warning signs for early intervention, we adopt a Hidden Markov Model based approach that we will initialize beforehand with the activity sequences of the user within a given period. The outcomes of the model paves the way for deducting the final judgement and reporting a relevant context-aware alert to healthcare service experts. Other statistical processes might complete this behavioural analysis later on to enhance the alerts accuracy.
Autonomous Navigation of a Visually Impaired Person with Loss of Limb Sensitivity, via a Smart Wheelchair (Case Study)
Authors: Favey C. , Zogaghi A. , Leroux R. , Vivan B. , Farcy R.
Published: February 2021

Presentation and analysis of the first experimentation of autonomous navigation, for a young man suffering from category 4 blindness, associated with disorders of the sensitivity of the limbs, moving thanks to the feelings of the accelerations and decelerations of an anti-collision and anti-fall electric wheelchair.
Power Wheelchair Virtual Reality Simulator with Vestibular Feedback
Authors: Vailland Guillaume , Gaffary Yoren , Devigne Louise , Gouranton Valérie , Arnaldi Bruno , Babel Marie
Published: February 2021

Autonomy and the ability to maintain social activities can be challenging for people with disabilities experiencing reduced mobility. In the case of disabilities that impact mobility, power wheelchairs can help such people retain or regain autonomy. Nonetheless, driving a power wheelchair is a complex task that requires a combination of cognitive, visual and visuo-spatial abilities. In practice, people need to pass prior ability tests and driving training before being prescribed a power wheelchair by their therapist. Still, conventional training in occupational therapy can be insufficient for some people with severe cognitive and/or visio-spatial functions. As such, these people are often prevented from obtaining a power wheelchair prescription from their therapist due to safety concerns. In this context, driving simulators might be efficient and promising tools to provide alternative, adaptive, flexible, and safe training. In previous work, we proposed a Virtual Reality (VR) driving simula-integrating vestibular feedback to simulate wheelchair motion sensations. The performance and acceptability of a VR simulator rely on satisfying user Quality of Experience (QoE). Therefore, our simulator is designed to give the user a high Sense of Presence (SoP) and low Cyber-sickness. This paper presents a pilot study assessing the impact of the vestibular feedback provided on user QoE. Participants were asked to perform a driving task whilst in the simulator under two conditions: with and without vestibular feedback. User QoE is assessed through subjective questionnaires measuring user SoP and cyber-sickness. The results show that vestibular feedback activation increases SoP and decreases cyber-sickness. This study constitutes a mandatory step before clinical trials and, as such, only enrolled people without disabilities.
Evaluation of a Word Prediction System in an Augmentative and Alternative Communication for Disabled People
Authors: Norré M.
Published: February 2021

This article investigates the evaluation of a word prediction system in an Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) software for disabled people. In addition to having a reduced mobility, these users have an altered use of speech that must be compensated by a technological aid offering input methods adapted to their capabilities. To improve their communication speed, different prediction and language modeling techniques are used. We present the parameterization of statistical predictors. Their configuration in French is evaluated by a simulator and tested by a disabled person. The results show that a language model built from a large literary corpus saves more than one keystroke out of two, the performance of these systems varying according to several parameters.
Between the specificity of Social Work and the loss of disciplinary boundaries: an interdisciplinary postgraduate training experience
Authors: Burgos Dra. Carmen
Published: February 2021

This research presents an analysis of the academic experience of the Master in Qualitative Research Methodologies in Health, taught by the University of Atacama (Chile). The objective of the study is to first reflect conceptually regarding interdiscipline in the educational field, also reviewing the concepts of multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary, to later analyze the expression of interdiscipline in the professional training of Social Work in public universities in Chile. In this way, based on the previous conceptualizations, the Master in Qualitative Health Research Methodologies is particularly analyzed, which shows the complementarity of Social Work with the field of Health, and is presented as an element that contributes to overcome the lack of advanced human capital in the Atacama region. The analysis allows to indicate that this Magister is the first program within the country as an alternative of methodological specialization for people in the social and health area, through knowledge of health phenomena with a qualitative perspective. The study concludes that the interdisciplinary base of the Magister effectively expresses the linkage of different knowledge and practices, which allows predicting auspicious results of this postgraduate course, in addition to leaving challenges, advantages and projections of the Magister.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HEMATITE (Fe2O3) OF IRON ORE AND MAGNETITE (Fe3O4) FROM IRON SAND THROUGH PRECIPITATION METHOD FOR INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIALS
Authors: Fatmaliana Andia , Maulinda Maulinda , Sari Nirmala
Published: February 2021

Indonesia is a country that has enormous iron ore and iron sand mine that can be utilized for various industrial purposes. This research has been successfully conducted synthesis and characterization of hematite iron ore and magnetite from iron sand. Iron sand and iron ore that has been crushed manually repaired with a magnet was carried out with the HCl, and NH4OH then dried in the temperature of 150 oC and calcinated at a temperature of 500 oC. Characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), where the preliminary information obtained from XRF results in an iron ore sample by manual separation have 95.99% of Fe2O3 and followed by compounds SiO2 (2.10%). While the iron sand contains 81.42% of Fe3O4 and 2.5% of SiO2. After the precipitation process, Fe2O3 compounds contained in iron ore has a content of 96.58% and Fe3O4 compounds contained in iron sand (86.73%).  The results of XRD indicate the dominant primary phase in iron ore is hematite or Fe2O3, and in iron, sand is magnetite Fe3O4, Before the extraction process, Fe2O3 was 58.009 μm in size and after the process of extracting the particles was reduced to 20.950 μm. While the Fe3O4, prior to the extract, has a grain size of 59.009 μm, and after an extraction process, the grain size reduced into 25.950 μm. The calculation results indicate there is a slight size difference between the grain size of iron sand and iron ore.
A LOW-COST ADSORBENT COCONUT WASTE ASH ACTIVATED NaCl FOR METHYLENE BLUE REMOVAL
Authors: Pujiana Nurliza , Yulianti Eny , Rahmatulloh Arief , Khalifah Susi Nurul , Istighfarini Vina Nurul
Published: February 2021

Removal methylene blue from water using coconut waste ash activated by NaCl is studied in this paper. The characteristic of morphology and pore structure of coconut waste ash is analyzed using SEM, show that pores were formed after activation. XRF analysis revealed that the coconut waste ash before activation contains 20,19 % of Si. The effect of NaCl concentration on the adsorption behavior is investigated. The results show that the optimum concentration of NaCl to activating the coconut waste ash is 300 ppm. The adsorption capacity of coconut waste ash without activation, NaCl-activated coconut waste ash on 200 ppm, 300 ppm, and 400 ppm is 1.103 mg/g, 1.152 mg/g, 1.2102 mg/g, and 1.1109 mg/g respectively.
CROSS SECTION OF ELECTRON ANTINEUTRINO INTERACTION WITH 40AR AND 84KR AND ITS RELEVANCE TO GEONEUTRINO DETECTION
Authors: Ferdiyan Akmal , Prabowo Urip Nurwijayanto
Published: February 2021

Neutrino can carry information from places that cannot be reached by the usual detection mechanism because it has a very weak interaction with matter. This can be utilized to study the heat flow process inside the earth by using information carried by geoneutrino (electron antineutrino). In this sense, it is important to know the characteristics of neutrino interaction with materials. In this study, the cross-section calculation of the electron antineutrino interaction with Ar-40 and Kr-84 was carried out using computational methods with the help of GENIE software. In the energy range of 0-10 MeV, the dominant interaction between the two materials is the interaction of QES NC and MEC types with an energy threshold of 5,09 MeV. Both Ar-40 and Kr-84 cannot be used as a scintillator material for geoneutrino detection because in the energy range 0-4,4 MeV the cross-sectional value of the CC interaction  is 0.
La teoría del desarrollo humano integral y sustentable
Authors: Seguanes Díaz Claudia , Mancera Guzmán Claudia Liliana
Published: February 2021

Iniciamos este documento de reflexión con una pregunta que parece simple de responder ¿qué es desarrollo humano?, se podría decir que es el aumento en el número de opciones escogencias, posibilidades u oportunidades entre las cuales podemos elegir los seres humanos. Sin embargo, entre estos conceptos hay diferencias, pues unos se inclinan más por la libertad de escoger, mientras otros a las alternativas que se presentan a quien escoge. Por estas razones, es necesario tener en cuenta que, respecto a la idea básica, existen ciertas fluctuaciones terminológicas que dependen del uso que le dan algunos autores, así como diferentes momentos en los que se ha hablado sobre la teoría del desarrollo humano integral. En relación con la salud pública, esta tiene mucho que ver con ese desarrollo del ser humano en el trascurso de la vida, pues sobre él se fundamenta una serie de aspectos que son determinantes sociales en salud. El desarrollo humano social en salud es una orientación estratégica globalizadora, en la que se expresan la confluencia de las nueve orientaciones, integradas en la mujer en la salud y el desarrollo, la administración del conocimiento, la promoción de la salud y la utilización de la comunicación social en salud, entre otras
Pandemia de la covid-19
Authors: Cediel Natalia Margarita , Sánchez María Juliana , Sánchez Karen Daniela , Castro Paula Marcela
Published: February 2021

Lograr la igualdad de género es un requisito indispensable para un desarrollo viable y sostenible, en especial, en las áreas rurales y la agricultura colombiana, dado que las mujeres rurales son un pilar fundamental para el desarrollo de la economía nacional. Esto se debe a su rol esencial en la producción y la comercialización de alimentos, el cual desempeñan a la par que atienden múltiples labores en el hogar o relacionadas con la economía del cuidado. Este documento pretende identificar y visibilizar aquellas brechas de género existentes en la población rural colombiana y cómo la pandemia de la enfermedad covid-19 las ha profundizado; así como su fuerte influencia sobre la Agenda 2030. Por un lado, estos impactos han sido positivos, tal es el caso del efecto de la cuarentena en el cambio climático y la biodiversidad; por otro, pueden interpretarse como negativos, con especial foco en lo que se refiere al detrimento de la salud comunitaria y el incremento de las desigualdades debido a la desaceleración económica mundial, lo que ha proporcionado un panorama general preocupante de la situación de las mujeres del campo, así como una herramienta para enfocar de manera asertiva las políticas públicas y las acciones concretas en torno al desarrollo
Dissemination of damaging information (defamation) as a type of civil tort: concept definition
Authors: Smorchkova Valeriya
Published: February 2021

We consider such category as defamation, which is widespread in many foreign countries. Defamation is the dissemination of damaging information, which, however, is true. This concept has become widespread in the last century, many states have adopted special legislation that mediates relations in this area. For example, the United Kingdom has the “Defamation Act 1996” and Singapore has the “Defamation Ordinance 1960”. We emphasize that in the same 1960s in our country “the system of defamation seemed absolutely unacceptable and contrary to the spirit of society”. In the course of study, comparative legal methods are used to analyze the legislation of states with the Anglo-Saxon and Romano-Germanic legal system. Based on the study of the doctrinal points of view of scientists and the positions of higher courts, the definition of this category is formed from the position of civil tort. The following definition is proposed: “Defamation is a violation of civil legislation, which consists in the dissemination of false information damaging the honor, dignity and business reputation of a person and also the dissemination of truthful personal information, the disclosure of which violates the conservation law are listed in the intangible benefits of the citizens”. We analyze the provisions of the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of February 24, 2005 no. 3 “On judicial practice in cases of protecting the honor and dignity of citizens, as well as the business reputation of citizens and legal entities”. We conclude that the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation borrowed advanced provisions from the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights.
The role of people’s squads in improving the crime prevention system in an urban environment on the territory of Tambov Region
Authors: Paramonov Andrey , Kharin Vadim
Published: February 2021

In modern conditions of the growth of unlawful acts, the volume of functional load of law enforcement agencies and their insufficiency on the population for effective activity, people’s squads are an interesting and rele-vant tool for ensuring public security. This study examines the formation and development of this institution, as well as the dawn of this civil association during the Soviet era. Currently, we can see the “rebirth” of this institution. The most problematic issues on the organization and legal status of the squads were resolved in 2014 with the adoption of Federal Law no. 44 “On the participation of citizens in the protection of public order.” One of the main activities of modern squads is the crimes prevention among the population. This activity is quite relevant. The people’s squad institute attaches great importance to ensuring regional security. In particular, there are 24 people’s squads in Tambov region, with a total number of more than 750 people. The people’s squad “Derzhava” effectively implements its activities on the territory of Tambov region. This squad remains a pioneer and leader in this activity in Tambov region.
The idea of social human rights as interpreted by representatives of the school of revived natural law in Russia at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries
Authors: Lapayeva Angelina
Published: February 2021

We analyze the representatives’ views of the school of revived natural law on the social human rights problem. We note that a key milestone in the state and legal transformations of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century was the consolidation of civil rights and freedoms for Russian citi-zens. We establish that representatives of the school of revived natural law developed a theory of individual rights and freedoms in the context of the re-lationship between the constitutional state with the ethics and morality prob-lems. We doctrinally justify that social rights, along with political rights, oc-cupied an important place in the catalog of human rights classification developed by scientists, due to the fact that they were associated with values such as social justice and social equality. We offer arguments indicating that representatives of the school of revived natural law considered the right to a dignified human existence as the source of social rights emergence, which were a prerequisite for the individual’s social emancipation and an attempt to transform the estate society into a civil one.
Practical significance of law constitutional principles
Authors: Paramonov Aleksandr
Published: February 2021

We consider the constitutional principles of Russian law in the framework of positivist legal consciousness. We note the highest value of the law constitutional principles, as the basic ideas that underlie individual branches of law and all legal regulation. We focus on the practical significance of the constitutional principles of Russian law. We point out that in order to overcome defects in the legal consciousness of the population, it is advisable to duplicate the law principles that enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and in sectoral legislation. We emphasize that the practical significance of the law constitutional principles is manifested not only in their direct role in the legal regulation of public relations, but also in the fact that in judicial practice they can be used in the case of applying the analogy of law and the analogy of legislation. We indicate that this legal and technical tool is used to fill gaps in legal regulation. It is used in many branches of Russian law: civil, civil procedural, arbitration procedural, ad-ministrative procedural, family and others. Thus, the study shows the positive role of law constitutional principles in decision-making by a law enforcer in the absence of sectoral legal norms applicable in a particular situation.
Inheritance contract in the system of inheritance law of the Russian Federation: controversial issues
Authors: Demichev Alexey
Published: February 2021

Since June 1, 2019, in the Russian Federation, along with inheritance by will and hereditary succession, inheritance by inheritance contract is appeared. We emphasize that the rather long periods that have passed from the public announcement of the idea of the inheritance contract, its discussion in the scientific community and at the legislative level, did not save the rules on the inheritance contract from a number of shortcomings and controversy. In this regard, we analyze a number of controversial issues that have arisen in connection with the emergence of an inheritance contract in the system of inheritance law in Russia. We indicate that the place of the inheritance contract in the system of Russian inheritance law is still uncertain. Among other things, we consider the problem of the relationship between an inheritance contract and a will, an inheritance contract and a contract of lifelong maintenance with a dependent. In particular, we note that the fundamental difference between an inheritance contract and a life maintenance contract with a dependent is that the ownership of the property passes at the time of the conclusion of a life maintenance contract with a dependent, and in an inheritance contract – after the death of the testator. The issue of the parties to inheritance contract is also discussed. Based on the legislation analysis, we identify shortcomings in the legal regulation of relations related to the inheritance contract.
On the issue of criminal liability for iatrogenic harm amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai
Published: February 2021

Iatrogenic crimes have been underinvestigated in domestic science, however, a significant number of foreign studies are devoted to the issue of criminal liability of medical workers for iatrogenic harm. We analyze the work of many scientists, including those from Australia, India and Italy. Foreign theory is increasingly adhering to the idea of mitigating the criminal liability of medical workers for medical errors. We conclude that the general basis for bringing a doctor to criminal responsibility in foreign countries is a gross violation of generally accepted medical care standards. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic plays an important role in rethinking the domestic approach to understanding the responsibility for iatrogenesis and the need for its differentiation. In an environment where doctors every day receive new instructions on appropriate therapy, and the search for ways to treat a new coronavirus infection is still associated with many errors, the qualification of an iatrogenic crime must take into account the special cir-cumstances that reduce the social danger of the crime. In conclusion, we talk about the prospect of using foreign practice to mitigate criminal liability for iatrogenesis as a guideline for the formation of new privileged features of the offenses associated with causing iatrogenic harm in domestic criminal law.
On the compliance of the provisions of Article 185.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with the laws of corporate governance
Authors: Ryzhenkov Nikolay
Published: February 2021

Raiding, along with corruption, has long been one of the most pressing problems for domestic business. For incomprehensible reasons, in contrast to the corruption crimes, which received due attention from the legislator and legal scholars, crimes committed in the stock market, after their reckless introduction, have been deprived of attention for almost a decade. At the same time, the most dangerous methods of raider seizures currently do not fall under criminal law prohibitions at all, and the existing prohibitions, in turn, have such a low legal potential that leaving this problem without atten-tion raises serious concerns. We consider the design and application of Article 185.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation – Obstruction or illegal restriction of the rights of securities holders, intended to become the “flagship” of anti-raiding legislation. Through a systematic analysis of the prescriptions of the criminal law and a few judicial practice, we identify the low quality of criminal law prohibitions included in Article 185.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, we establish and substantiate the impossibility of causing damage in the required amount, we prove the lack of practical need for the relevant norm, we formulate a proposal for its exclusion from the text of the criminal law in full.
Procedural features of electronic text evidence as sources of evidence in civil cases related to the protection of intellectual rights
Authors: Zhuikova Anna
Published: February 2021

Taking into consideration the legal nature of evidence, we analyze the main procedural features of evidence widely used by persons participating in the case when resolving civil cases related to the protection of intellectual rights, such as screenshots of materials posted on Internet sites, electronic messages. We define the general features that characterize the indicated sources of evidence in this category of disputes. We point out, in particular, the objective influence of the procedural rules governing the rules of jurisdiction over intellectual disputes, as well as the substantive rules of Part 4 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, on the features of the development and provide evidence for the protection of intellectual rights in court, sources of evidence. We describe the relationship between the concepts of electronic documents, written evidence, and evidence generated through the use of the Internet. When applying general scientific methods of comparative analysis (in relation to certain sources of evidence) and deduction (in relation to the analysis of special norms through the prism of general, basic, main procedural institutions that regulate relations in terms of the legal nature and characteristics of the evidence presentation in the category of cases under consideration), we form the main conclusions in terms of possible options for the development of these procedural institutions. We prove the necessity of the proposed changes for the purpose of the subsequent optimal functioning, action and application of the norms governing the evidence process in this category of cases, the concept of “electronic text evidence” is introduced.