bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magyar Nemzeti Bank: Csökkenő pályán az infláció
Authors: Csorba Norbert
Published: May 2023

A magyar gazdaság a tavalyi év során dinamikusan bővült. A 4,6 százalékos GDPnövekedés az európai országok növekedési rangsorának középmezőnyében foglalt helyet. A növekedés időbeli lefutását kettősség jellemezte: az év első felében dinamikus bővülés az év második felében lelassult. A növekedéshez a legtöbb gazdasági ág hozzájárult, azonban a mezőgazdaság a rendkívüli aszály következtében visszafogta a GDP-t. A 2023. évi növekedést a tavalyi tükörképeként szintén szerkezeti és időbeli kettősség fogja jellemezni. A növekedés a második félévben fog felgyorsulni, így éves átlagban várhatóan 0,0-1,5 százalék között alakul. Szerkezetét tekintve teljes egészében a nettó export bővülésén alapul, az infláció ugyanis visszafogja a fogyasztást, a bizonytalan világgazdasági környezet pedig a beruházásokat. A hazai infláció 2023. januárban tetőzött. Februárban az éves összevetésben számított infláció 25,4, míg a maginfláció 25,2 százalék volt. Az infláció 0,3 százalékponttal lassult az előző hónaphoz képest, amihez legnagyobb mértékben az üzemanyagok árcsökkenése mellett a feldolgozott élelmiszerek árdinamikájának lassulása járult hozzá. A második negyedévtől a fogyasztóiár-index egyre gyorsabb ütemű mérséklődése várható. A külső és belső tényezők egyaránt a dezinfláció irányába mutatnak. A fogyasztóiár-index 2024-ben tér vissza a jegybanki toleranciasávba. A munkaerő-kereslet nem reagált érdemben a gazdaság lassulására és továbbra is erős maradt. A stabil munkaerőpiaci folyamatok elősegítik a gazdasági aktivitás újbóli dinamizálódását. A folyó fizetési mérleg egyenlege 2022-ben elérte mélypontját, a hiány a GDP 8,1 százalékára emelkedett. A külkereskedelmi, azon belül is az energiamérleg egyenlegének javulásával párhuzamosan a folyó fizetési mérleg egyenlege trendszerű emelkedésbe kezd, tavalyi hiánya az idei évre megfeleződik
Az infláció nem monetáris kezelése az EU országaiban
Authors: Czeczeli Vivien , Kolozsi Pál Péter , Kovács Kinga Virág , Kutasi Gábor , Torda Sztella
Published: May 2023

2022-ben globális szinten az infláció gyors felfutása lett az egyik fő gazdaságpolitikai kihívás. A fogyasztói árak emelkedését a keresleti mellett kínálati okok is jellemezték. Jelen tanulmány áttekinti az Európai Unió (EU) államai által meghozott nem jegybanki antiinflációs intézkedéseket, amelyek elsősorban az ársokk okozta gazdasági-társadalmi hatások kivédésére szolgálnak. Az elemzés során a rövid távú intézkedések kerülnek összegzésre. Az adatbázist a 2022. január és 2023. február között az internetes sajtótermékekben megjelent cikkek képezik. A megtett intézkedések alcsoportokba kerültek besorolásra, ami alapján a legjellemzőbb intézkedéstípus az adózást érintő szabályozás volt, a legtöbbféle intézkedést pedig Magyarország hozta meg az Európai Unió országai közül.
La aplicación de la era digital y sus efectos en el otorgamiento de créditos a personas naturales en las cajas municipales de ahorro y crédito del Perú
Authors: Pacheco Vizcarra Milagros Yesenia
Published: May 2023

La presente investigación ha tenido como objetivo determinar cómo el uso de la era digital impacta favorablemente en la colocación de créditos personales en las Caja municipales de ahorro y crédito del país, periodo 2021 -2022, se ha utilizado la tipo de investigación es la aplicada, para lo cual se ha trabajado con 96 trabajadores de las 11 Cajas Municipales de Ahorro y Crédito del Perú que integran que sistema financiero, donde se ha podido determinar que la era digital es un componente importante en el desarrollo de cualquier tipo de entidad financiera tal como es el caso de las Cajas Municipales porque se ha podido evidencias a través de nuestros resultados que un 70% usa las redes sociales para tomar conocimiento del otorgamiento de redes mientas que un 20% usa la aplicación móvil, ello se recomienda a las entidades financieras tomar en cuenta la era digital para lo cual se debe trabajar en marketing digital, realizar aplicativos móviles y procesos de validación de datos para el otorgamiento de créditos considerando que una buena inversión puede traer grandes beneficios de rentabilidad.
Descriptive Analysis of Food Truck Online Orders (Food on Wheels) Behavior in Coimbatore– A Case Study
Authors: K. Arun Balachandar , Jayanthila Devi A.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: This research study is on Food Truck Park in Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. The main goal is to discover customer behavior and analyses the new opportunities and peculiarities of this food truck park. Food trucks are becoming a part of the foodie culture and becoming increasingly popular. It is guessed that the quantity of food trucks working on the roads will keep on ascending because of their similarity with Recent college grads' craving to attempt new food sources and food societies. Field visits, questionnaire analysis, hypothesis, and other research tools will be utilized. This idea is based in the fundamentals of job benefits, time-space, cost, and mobility advantages. To comprehend consumer-customer preferences, experience, and satisfaction is the key element of this study.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Field visit, questionnaire analysis, hypothesis and other research tools will be utilized for the purpose of the study, secondary data are gathered from a variety of sources, including Food Online service websites, journals, research articles, and newspaper articles.
Findings/Result: We discovered that most respondents were very pleased with the food quality and live entertainment offered at food truck parks. Another goal was to research customer behavior for preferring portable food trucks over sit-down restaurants. The key factors discovered were live ambiance, live food, and variety all in one location. We asked customers about their favorite foods and discovered that Indian and Mexican cuisine are the most popular at food truck parks.
Originality/Value: This study examines the overall performance of food trucks in terms of customer satisfaction.
Paper Type: Case Study.
El asesinato del comandante José Rodríguez-Medel: nuevos datos
Authors: Izu Belloso Miguel José
Published: May 2023

José Rodríguez-Medel Briones, comandante de la Guardia Civil, murió en Pamplona el 18 de julio de 1936 debido a su negativa a unirse al alzamiento militar contra la República. A lo largo de los años, se han ofrecido versiones contradictorias sobre las circunstancias en que se produjo su muerte, ninguna concluyente, unas interesadas en justificar el crimen, otras incompletas por haber estado desaparecidos durante mucho tiempo los documentos de la investigación judicial. El hallazgo casual de las diligencias judiciales, extraviadas durante décadas en los archivos militares, y sobre todo el informe de la autopsia, permite reconstruir los hechos, descartar determinadas tesis (que fue un accidente, que hubo un tiroteo iniciado por el propio Rodríguez-Medel, que murió por disparos de uno solo de sus subordinados) y concluir que fue un asesinato por la espalda orquestado por los guardias sublevados.
Reseña de César Layana, Expolio y castigo: La represión económica en Navarra, 1936-1945…1966, Pamplona / Iruña, Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua, 2021
Authors: García Funes Juan Carlos
Published: May 2023

Reseña del libro
Reseña de Francisco J. Leira Castiñeira, Los Nadies de la Guerra de España, Madrid, AKAL, 2022
Authors: Oliver Olmo Pedro
Published: May 2023

Reseña del libro
Fuentes de contraste y juego de espejos. Una aproximación metodológica al estudio de la experiencia bélica en la Guerra Civil española
Authors: Raya Crespi Daniel
Published: May 2023

Este artículo tiene como principales objetivos presentar la trayectoria de la experiencia bélica en tanto que cuestión historiográfica, centrándose sobre todo en el recorrido que ha tenido en la academia española, y problematizar esta línea de estudio a través del análisis crítico de sus fuentes primarias. Para ello, se propondrán tres tipos distintos de fuentes que se creen idóneas para la investigación de la experiencia de guerra de los combatientes republicanos (los egodocumentos, las publicaciones del frente y la documentación militar), y se valorarán sus potencialidades interpretativas, así como las trampas consecuentes de su naturaleza. A partir de estos planteamientos, se ilustrará la importancia de usar adecuadamente una fuente para sacarle el máximo partido interpretativo, así como lo vital que resulta encontrar otras fuentes con las que se las pueda contrastar.
Cochlear implantation as a solution for unilateral deafness in children – first experience
Authors: Aksenovová Zdenka , Skřivan Jiří , Hermann Pavel , Čada Zdeněk , Okluský Miroslav
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Single-sided deafness (SSD) is characterized by hearing loss in one ear (pure tone average – PTA – 70 dB HL and more) with practically normal hearing in the other ear (losses up to 30 dB HL). One of the solutions is cochlear implantation, which, unlike other compensatory mechanisms (CROS system, direct bone conduction systems), is the only one that enables binaural hearing. Material and methods: Six pediatric patients with SSD who underwent cochlear implantation at FN Motol in 2020–2021 were included in the study. We monitored the development of auditory perception with a cochlear implant, the ability of directional hearing and the average daily time of use of the sound processor. Results: All patients use the sound processor regularly, subjectively and objectively their hearing perception improved. Directional hearing is not yet demonstrable. We will continue to monitor the patients and the knowledge gained will need to be verified on a larger set in the future. Conclusion: Cochlear implantation can be a suitable way to solve unilateral deafness in children. When indicating, it is necessary to consider the etiology of the hearing defect, the duration of the deafness, and the motivation of the children and their parents to regularly use the sound processor. Keywords: cochlear implantation – speech perception – single sided deafness
Dutch Batavia: An Ideal Dutch City?
Authors: Kehoe Marsely L.
Published: May 2023

Batavia (now Jakarta, Indonesia) was planned from its inception as an
ordered, gridded, and canalled eastern trading capital, and should have represented
a Dutch ideal, yet it failed from the outset, as stagnant canals spread disease and
the social order fragmented. This chapter argues that hierarchy in this city, rather
than a deviation from Dutch values, is integral to both this colonial environment
as well as Dutch planning more generally. The betrayal of Dutch social values,
instead, was that the hierarchy in Batavia was made visible in behavior, dress, and
the form of the city itself, as seen in representations of the city in text and image.
Dutch hierarchies were meant to remain hidden under a pretense of egalitarianism.
O ISOLAMENTO DE IDOSOS NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: PROTEÇÃO OU ABANDONO?
Authors: Santos Vanessa Soares Teixeira dos , Almeida Cristiane Costa de
Published: May 2023

Esse artigo buscou analisar os impactos do isolamento social durante a pandemia da COVID-19 para os idosos. O objetivo do estudo foi compreender o diagnóstico situacional visando a atuação do profissional de Serviço Social na intervenção por meio de projetos e técnicas de intervenção social, a fim de minimizar os impactos do isolamento na qualidade de vida da população idosa. A metodologia empregada neste estudo foi uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, baseada em revisão bibliográfica. Foram realizadas buscas em sites de busca científica, com foco em artigos publicados nos últimos 4 anos. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o isolamento social teve impactos tanto positivos quanto negativos no cuidado com os idosos. Além disso, o isolamento social também foi associado à sensação de abandono social e familiar em alguns casos. Em conclusão, este estudo ressaltou a importância de compreender os impactos do isolamento social na população idosa durante a pandemia da COVID-19. A atuação do profissional de Serviço Social por meio de projetos e técnicas de intervenção social é fundamental para minimizar os efeitos negativos do isolamento e promover a qualidade de vida dos idosos.
APLICAÇÃO DE TOXINA BOTULÍNICA: AÇÃO FARMACOLÓGICA
Authors: Rocha Ariana Tomazia , Baiense Alex Sandro Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

A toxina botulínica trata-se de uma proteína microbiana, ou seja, um metabólito produzido pela bactéria Clostridium botulinum, proteína que tem como mecanismo de ação a paralisia neuromuscular flácida transitória, tendo a função de relaxar a musculatura, possuindo sete diferentes sorotipos (A, B, C, D, E, F e G), que são liberados por meio da lise dessa bactéria. A Toxina do Tipo A é utilizada em procedimentos estéticos provisórios, que são considerados como não cirúrgicos e minimamente invasivos. Resultados mostram que a toxina botulínica tipo A, ao longo dos anos, tem demonstrado ser um procedimento eficaz tanto na área clínica ou na estética. Porém, é necessário que sua aplicação seja realizada com uma dosagem correta, analisando cada paciente, para evitar possíveis complicações. De modo que sua utilização tem contribuído para a melhoria da autoimagem e habilidade expressiva, gerando impacto social positivo e maior qualidade de vida.
Warming accelerates belowground litter turnover in salt marshes – insights from a Tea Bag Index study
Authors: Tang Hao , Nolte Stefanie , Jensen Kai , Rich Roy , Mittmann-Goetsch Julian , Mueller Peter
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Salt marshes play an important role in the global carbon cycle due to
the large amount of organic carbon stored in their soils. Soil organic carbon formation in these coastal
wetland ecosystems is strongly controlled by the plant primary production
and initial decomposition rates of plant belowground biomass and litter.
This study used a field warming experiment to investigate the response of
belowground litter breakdown to rising temperature (+1.5 and
+3.0 ∘C) across whole-soil profiles (0–60 cm soil depth) and the
entire intertidal flooding gradient ranging from the pioneer zone via the low marsh
to high marsh. We used standardized plant materials, following the Tea Bag
Index approach, to assess the initial decomposition rate (k) and the
stabilization factor (S) of labile organic matter inputs to the soil
system. While k describes the initial pace at which labile (= hydrolyzable)
organic matter decomposes, S describes the part of the labile fraction that does not
decompose during deployment in the soil system and stabilizes due to
biochemical transformation. We show that warming strongly increased k
consistently throughout the entire soil profile and across the entire
flooding gradient, suggesting that warming effects on the initial
decomposition rate of labile plant materials are independent of the soil
aeration (i.e., redox) status. By contrast, negative effects on litter
stabilization were less consistent. Specifically, warming effects on S were
restricted to the aerated topsoil in the frequently flooded pioneer zone,
while the soil depth to which stabilization responded increased across the
marsh elevation gradient via the low to high marsh. These findings suggest that
reducing soil conditions can suppress the response of belowground litter
stabilization to rising temperature. In conclusion, our study demonstrates
marked differences in the response of initial decomposition rate vs.
stabilization of labile plant litter to rising temperature in salt marshes.
We argue that these differences are strongly mediated by the soil redox
status along flooding and soil-depth gradients.
A missing link in the carbon cycle: phytoplankton light absorption under RCP scenarios
Authors: Asselot Rémy , Lunkeit Frank , Holden Philip , Hense Inga
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Marine biota and biogeophysical mechanisms, such as phytoplankton light absorption, have attracted increasing attention in recent climate studies. Under global warming, the impact of phytoplankton on the climate system is expected to change. Previous studies analyzed the impact of phytoplankton light absorption under prescribed future atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, the role of this biogeophysical mechanism under freely-evolving atmospheric CO2 concentration and future CO2 emissions remains unknown. To shed light on this research gap, we perform simulations with the EcoGEnIE Earth system model and prescribe CO2 emissions out to 2500 following the four Extended Concentration Pathways (ECP) scenarios, which for practical purpose we call RCP scenarios. Under all RCP scenarios, our results indicate that phytopankton light absorption weakens the biological carbon pump while it increases the surface chlorophyll, the sea surface temperature, the atmospheric CO2 concentrations and the atmospheric temperature. Under the RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP6.0 scenarios, the magnitude of changes due to phytoplankton light absorption is similar. However, under the RCP8.5 scenario, the changes in the climate system are less pronounced due to temperature limitation of phytoplankton concentration, highlighting a reduced effect of phytoplankton light absorption under strong warming. Additionally, this work highlights the major role of phytoplankton light absorption on the climate system, suggesting highly uncertain feedbacks on the carbon cycle with uncertainties that maybe in the range of those known from the land biota.
Mobile evaporite enhances the cycle of physical–chemical erosion in badlands
Authors: Yang Ci-Jian , Chen Pei-Hao , Erlanger Erica D. , Turowski Jens M. , Xu Sen , Teng Tse-Yang , Lin Jiun-Chuan , Huang Jr-Chuang
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Chemical weathering driven by physical erosion is a natural
process that strongly affects chemical and solid matter budgets at the
Earth's surface. However, the influence of extreme climatic erosion on
chemical weathering dynamics is poorly understood. Badland landscapes formed in highly erodible substrates have the potential to respond to individual events on scales that are rapid enough for direct observation. Here, we assess the geochemical and grain-size composition of suspended sediment and riverine chemistry measurements collected from two catchments during the 2017 Nesat and Haitang typhoons in southwestern (SW) Taiwan. During the typhoons, the Na+ concentration covaried with suspended sediment concentration (SSC), which we attributed to sodium-induced deflocculation. Evaporite weathering at peak rainfall is succeeded by peak silicate weathering at maximum discharge. Overall, our observations suggest that initial weathering of near-surface evaporite enhances the physical erosion of silicate rock during extreme rainfall events.
The early meteorological network of the Societas Meteorologica Palatina (1781–1792): Foundation, organization, reception
Authors: Winkler Peter
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The Societas Meteorologica Palatina arranged the first international meteorological network in a modern sense being in operation between 1781 and 1792 during the last period of enlightenment. A total of 39 stations contributed observations. The original aim was to investigate influences of the moon and planets on the atmosphere. Instruments were provided free, a physically very advanced instruction guaranteed reliable observational results and the data collected at three hours per day were printed at high costs in the Ephemerides Meteorologicae of Mannheim. This wealth of data has become a famous treasure trove for scientists and has been used later very often for climatic studies, climatic comparisons of different locations in textbooks, for overcoming antiquated and find new explanations on meteorological phenomena, for studying extremes of meteorological parameters. Even in modern times, the data were evaluated and used to reconstruct historical weather maps. Although meanwhile some problems of the historical instruments have been recognised most of the conclusions are still basically correct. The data were also used for verifying geomagnetic models or proxy data from tree ring analysis. This network stimulated many scholars for special meteorological studies and was attractive for new stations to join the network. The early death of the meteorological secretary Hemmer and the Napoleonic wars brought about the end of the project. Nevertheless, many of the stations continued the observations using the available instruments.
Application Deployment Automation by Streamlining CI/CD Pipelines
Authors: Ameta Upasana , Vyas Ruchi
Published: May 2023

Conceptualize a scenario where the development, actions, quality affirmation, and information surveillance teams collaborate with the product owners to guarantee that the organisation achieves its goals for profitability, security, and cost-cutting. Together, they achieve world-class stability, reliability, availability, and security while conducting multiple number of code deployments each day. This enables the quick progress of planned work into creation.  The testing of apps and InfoSec operations only take place at the conclusion of a project when it is too late to make any corrections. Development and IT Operations are adversaries in our environment. If any problems are found, and nearly every important task requires excessive amounts of backbreaking labour and handoffs, keeping us waiting all the while. The work quality, particularly the deployment of product, is challenging and disordered as a result, which has an adverse effect on customers and the business. This not only adds to the extraordinarily long lead times for getting anything done. As a result, there is lack of goals, and the whole company is dissatisfied with developers’ performance, which leads to decrement in budget and frustrated workers feel incapable to modify the scenario and its results. The major objective is to build a platform for developers that can compile, test and run the application with the least specifications and configurations and also conceptualize the piece of deployment with a more relaxed architecture and a small learning period so that developers can take full advantage of multiple platforms available as a cloud service without any inconvenience.
Filozofia i retoryka: Kontekst myślowy „nowej retoryki” Chaïma Perelmana
Authors: Kiereś-Łach Joanna
Published: May 2023

Ponieważ Perelman nawiązuje do klasycznej retoryki Arystotelesa, uznając się za jej spadkobiercę, a zarazem reformatora, postawiono pytanie, na czym polega jego „nowa retoryka”. Wymagało to przede wszystkim przywołania i krytycznego rozstrzygnięcia problemu filozoficznego: realizm czy idealizm wraz z ich poznawczymi i kulturowymi konsekwencjami. Zdaniem Autorki dopiero w tej perspektywie można dorzecznie i racjonalnie odpowiedzieć na postawione w monografii pytanie. Propozycja Perelmana jest nie tyle modyfikacją myśli Arystotelesa, ile trafną polemiką autora „nowej retoryki” z tradycją idealizmu, a szczególnie z jej nurtem racjonalistycznym. Jest to bez wątpienia cenny poznawczo wkład w debatę nad retoryką, jednakże – jak się w rozprawie wykazuje – koncepcja Perelmana nie jest wolna od wielu dylematów. Bez wątpienia doniosłym poznawczo dokonaniem jest klasyfikacja technik argumentacyjnych Perelmana, szczególnie przydatna w dziedzinie prawa. Osiągnięcie to jest rezultatem jego tytanicznej, rozległej i erudycyjnie bogatej pracy, jaką wykonał wraz ze swą współpracownicą Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca. Zwłaszcza ten dział jego myśli można słusznie uznawać za ważny wkład Perelmana w teorię argumentacji, a także w praktykę retoryczną. Monografia zawiera indeksy osobowy i rzeczowy oraz bogaty wykaz komentarzy do myśli Perelmana.
Inclusive Listening
Authors: Alessandrini Patricia , May Lloyd , Schedel Margaret , Stover Chris , Yuditskaya Sofy
Published: May 2023

Our essay presents a critique of the limitations of Western Classical Music (WCM) in Aural Studies curricula, and the problems this poses for students from diverse musicking backgrounds. We propose a new teaching and learning framework, inspired by Black Feminist Pedagogy and aimed towards inclusivity, that devotes prolonged attention to multiple kinds of listening and analysis practices outside the WCM tradition. Our framework will be a live, open-access resource for teachers and self-directed students to understand various methods of listening and analysis. We prioritize the ability of this framework to communicate to students from a variety of disciplines and musicking backgrounds, including those who wish to develop listening skills relevant to electronic music practices, sound art, scored music, improvised music, and traditional musics. We believe that Aural Studies should be a teaching and learning space where a radical, prolonged breaking-down of institutional hierarchies can be enacted and propose that Aural Studies practices hold the potential to escape the notation-centeredness of WCM and the power dynamics implicit in that orientation.
Listening in/for Ekbatan
Authors: Bastani Hadi , Soltani Navid
Published: May 2023

This article develops through dialogues between a poet, English teacher, and musician based in Ekbatan, Iran, and a sound artist and anthropologist based in Wakefield, England. These dialogues center on a listening in/for the town of Shahrak-e Ekbatan, Tehran, Iran and aim to situate it according to its material structure and sonic ecology. In June, 2021, the authors listened to and recorded Ekbatan every day for about an hour around sunset. This text provides (auto-) ethnographic reflections on the soundscape of Ekbatan via original field recordings and interviews, and through discussions of shared memories from an autobiographical perspective. By analyzing first-hand accounts and recordings, the authors also meditate on noticeable changes within the soundscape and discuss their social-political and economic underpinnings. Ekbatan is a planned town, located near the western borders of the Iranian capital Tehran. For the authors—current and former residents of Ekbatan—it represents a prototypical utopic neighborhood; its cold and robust façades offer warm interiorities; its spatial organization creates liminal spaces that manifest disalienation, community, and collective identity.
A Singular Disclosure Requirement Is Necessary For Patent Law
Authors: Falati Shahrokh
Published: May 2023

The Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit’s recent jurisprudence on 35 U.S.C. § 112 has selectively and severely curtailed innovation in the fields of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology. Specifically, the Federal Circuit’s shifting position on 35 U.S.C. § 112 and their evolving jurisprudence to combine expanding the application and scope of the written description requirement with a separate, heightened standard for enabling claims directed to innovation in a genus of therapeutic antibodies, or a genus of compounds having functional limitations, has caused havoc in the biopharmaceutical industry. Federal Circuit jurisprudence on how to interpret the disclosure requirements of the 35 U.S.C. § 112 contravenes the statute and Supreme Court precedent by mandating two separate disclosure requirements in place of one, namely that patent applications not only “enable” but also separately “describe” inventions. This recently developed and reactively evolving judge made approach raises the bar exceedingly high for obtaining any meaningful patent protection for new biomedical discoveries, goes against many decades of patent practice, and is proving to be a powerful impediment to the investment necessary for developing new and lifesaving medicines. This article examines patent law’s current disclosure requirements to highlight a failing judicial trajectory and proposes a return to a single 35 U.S.C. § 112(a) standard. By doing so, the great shock that has singled out and disrupted the biopharmaceutical industry will be removed and the law can once again encourage, in a technology-neutral manner, the private sector to innovate in all fields of endeavor, including encouraging the biopharmaceutical industry to develop new lifesaving medicines and treatments.
The Relationship Between Cognitive Function Status and Quality of Life in High Risk Elderly at Uptd Social Service Center Griya Elderly Social Service of West Java Province
Authors: Alya Syafira Wanda , Fazriana Erlina , Komalaningsih Sri
Published: May 2023

High-risk elderly are elderly who reach age (> 70 years). As you get older, the status of cognitive function decreases and also the quality of life. Good, bad status of cognitive function can be seen from the aspects of orientation, language, attention, memory, function construction, calculation, and reasoning. Cognitive function will potentially affect the quality of life in terms of physical, psychological, social and environmental indicators. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between cognitive function status and quality of life in high-risk elderly at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) Griya Elderly Social Service Center, West Java Province Social Service. The design of this study uses the correlational method. Data collection tools used the Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE) questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life version of Bref (WHOQoL-BREF). Univariate and bivariate data analysis, Spearman's rho to see the relationship between variables. The results showed that most of the respondents (54%) had good global cognitive function status. And most of the quality of life on physical indicators (74%) is good, psychology (76%) is good, social (76%) is good, environment (78%) is good. There is a Relationship between Cognitive Functional Status and Quality of Life in High Risk Elderly in the Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) Griya Elderly Social Service Center, West Java Province Social Service. With a correlation value of 4 domains at age> 70 years. Physical (0.000), psychological (0.001), social (0.000), environmental (0.003). Conclusions and suggestions in this study, cognitive function will have the potential for quality of life problems thus respondents need to maintain routine guidance activities facilitated by the orphanage, both physical, mental spiritual, psychosocial, skills, arts and recreation guidance so that cognitive function remains good to quality his life is good.
Implementation of Small Group Discussion Online on Undergraduate Nursing Program Students of STIKes Dharma Husada Bandung
Authors: Erawan Annisa Nur , Basar Dira Salsabilla
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has made the Ministry of Education and Culture modify all learning methods and systems to be implemented online, one of which is Small Group Discussion (SGD). The impact felt is that students do not understand the material because of the decrease in the intensity of learning meetings. In line with this phenomenon, this study aims to determine the level of effectiveness and learning evaluation materials based on attendance, activeness and learning achievement. This research design uses a questionnaire sheet, in the form of exploratory descriptive research with direct survey quantitative methods. The results of research to 155 respondents in the form of univariate data obtained as many as 69.03% of students in general stated that it was effective with the effectiveness of the attendance subvariable 87.7%, the effectiveness of the activeness subvariable 67.7% and the effectiveness of the learning achievement subvariable 47.09%. Thus it can be concluded that the implementation of this online SGD is effective. However, there is still a need to improve the supporting components in the form of a more attractive and modified learning system and environment in order to create a more effective SGD implementation.
The Effect of Puzzle Educational Game Tools on Fine Motor Development in Pre-school Children at Al-Wahdah Kindergarten Bandung City
Authors: Divta Safira Riska , Lukitasari Depi , Nurlita Lita
Published: May 2023

Fine motor development is a movement that uses smooth muscles or certain parts of the body that are influenced by learning and practicing opportunities. Delayed fine motor development results in children's development being inappropriate for their age. Overcoming this, need stimulation to improve fine motor skills such as playing a puzzle. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Educational Games Tools puzzle on fine motor development in children. This type of research is pre-experimental research with one group pre-test post-test design. The sample of this study was children aged 5-6 years in TK Al-Wahdah totaling 45 samples. The instrument of this research used a modified sheet of KPSP fine motor. Analysis of univariate data before being treated to playing puzzles, found that there were 33 children in the appropriate category (73.3%) and 12 people in the unsuitable category (26.7%). After being given therapy playing puzzle children in the appropriate category were 45 people (100.0%). Based on the results of calculations using the Mc Nemar test, a p-value of 0.000 < (0.05) was obtained, and X counted 14.08 >X table 3.841. It can be concluded that there is an effect of puzzle educational game tools on fine motor development in pre-school age children at TK Al-Wahdah Bandung City. For teachers and health centers it is recommended to be able to redevelop puzzle games by stimulating children to use puzzles that are more varied and harmless, and can pay more attention to fine motor development in children in the future.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengetahuan Keluarga tentang Penanganan Pre-Hospital pada Pasien Stroke
Authors: Muhsinin Siti Zuraida , Rukandani Baiq Melinda Firda
Published: May 2023

Stroke masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan prioritas karena merupakan penyebab penyakit ke 2 (dua) di dunia. Manajemen pre-hospital stroke merupakan pelayanan ke pasien pertama kali ditemukan dan selama proses transportasi hingga pasien berada pada pelayanan kesehatan. Penanganan yang cepat dan tepat merupakan salah satu kunci penting dalam mengurangi kematian dan meminimalkan kerusakan otak yang ditimbulkan oleh stroke.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan keluarga tentang  penanganan pre-hospital pada pasien stroke di RSUD Kota Mataram. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang mencoba mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan keluarga tentang penanganan pre-hospital pada pasien stroke. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini 33 orang diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling, instrument yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan keluarga tentang  penanganan pre-hospital pada pasien stroke di RSUD Kota Mataram : pertama, usia 26-35 sebanyak 12 orang (36.7%). Kedua, pendidikan SMA sebanyak 14 orang (42.4%). Ketiga, Pekerjaan non-kesehatan sebanyak 16 orang (48.5%). Keempat, tidak ada pengalam merawat pasien stroke sebanyak 16 orang (48.5%). Dan terakhir, tidak mendapat informasi terkait dengan penanganan pre-hospital pada pasien stroke sebanyak 15 orang (45.5). Kurangnya pengetahuan keluarga harus menjadi perhatian tim kesehatan, terkait dengan faktor diatas, tim kesehatan harus memberikan intervensi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dengan memberikan informasi kepada keluarga atau masyarakat, dengan harapan keluarga dan masyarakat dapat memberikan penanganan yang tepat pada pasien ketika mengalami serangan stroke sebelum mereka dibawa ke rumah sakit.
Benson Therapy in Gastritis Patients to Reduce Pain
Authors: Hamdani Dadi , Sulistiani Deana , Nurapandi Adi
Published: May 2023

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa caused by an irregular diet. Gastritis can be an emergency if not treated immediately, even in some conditions gastritis can also cause perforation to death. This study aims to obtain an overview of benson relaxation interventions to reduce pain in gastritis clients. The writing used uses a descriptive case study method through a nursing process approach that includes assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. With gastritis patient participants with acute pain problems in the Dahlia Room BLUD RSU Kota Banjar. Data collection through interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation. Based on the results of the pain scale assessment, the results of the original scale reduction from 5 (0-10) to 2 (0-10) using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measuring instrument method. The author found an effect after giving benson relaxation intervention on reducing pain intensity in gastritis patients and getting effective results, as evidenced by a decrease in the intensity of the pain scale. From the case study of benson relaxation intervention can be an alternative intervention that is done to gastritis patients so that there are no complications from the disease.
Reumatoid Factor Examination in Thalassemia Patients
Authors: Setiawan Doni , Hiytulmadani Via Oktaviani , Farihatun Atun
Published: May 2023

Background & Objective  Patients with thalassaemia major with severe anaemia must receive blood transfusions for life. Giving continuous blood transfusions can cause iron accumulation in body tissues so that it can conclude complications, one of which is rheumatoid arthritis due to iron deposition in synovial tissue.
This study is to determine the results of rheumatoid factor examination in thalassaemia patients with blood transfusion therapy.
Method the research used is descriptive. The sampling technique uses incidental with a large number of samples as many as 66.
Result Based on the results of the study obtained positive results as many as 11 (17%) people with an average Rheumatoid Factor level of 29 IU/mL, and negative results as many as 55 (83%) people.
Conclusion Thalassaemia patients with blood transfusion therapy show the risk of rheumatoid arthritis with positive results of rheumatoid factor examination.
Petrological-geochemical and lead-isotope evidence of Alpine metamorphism in the Rhodope crystalline complex
Authors: Arnaudov Vasil , Amov Blagoj , Cherneva Zlatka , Arnaudova Rumyana , Pavlova Maria , Bartnitsky Evgeniy
Published: May 2023

The petrological-geochemical and lead-isotope characteristics of migmatic formations from the area of the town of Ardino (bedded leucosome, pegmatite and granite metatects) belonging to migmatic biotite gneisses in the Lyubinovo Formation of the so-called Prerhodopian Supergroup (presumed Archean), whose structural succession has been interpreted so far as the result of several regional-metamorphic cycles, provide evidence of an integral ultrametamorphic process which took place during the Alpine tectono-magmatic cycle. The model ages calculated from lead isotope ratios in potassic feldspars and the U-Pb ages of zircons from the migmatites stutied are in the range of 62–32 Ma. An analysis of the mineralogical, geochemical and radiogeochronological evidence available at present indicates that the migmatites of this study, the granitoids of the group of·”Southbulgarian granites” in the Rila and Rhodope Mts, the volcanics and the associated intrusive rocks, as well as the later ore mineralizations have been formed during a long period of Alpine activintion (from Cretaceous times on) in the Rhodope crystalline complex.
Stratigraphy of Aptian and Albian Stages in the central part of Moesian Platform
Authors: Ivanov Marin , Stoykova Kristalina
Published: May 2023

Aptian Stage is widespread in the Central North Bulgaria, while the Albian is established only in the northern regions. The Aptian sections are built up of sediments of the Trambes and Svištov Formations. It has been established that the Trâmbeš and Svištov Formation join laterally along the line Svištov-Tatari-Osilm. The concretion phosphorites and sandstones, with in the range of Albian, are here separated as Dekov Formations. The lithologic and ammonitic sequences in 9 sections are studied and described. Aptian Stage is represented by the Middle (Gargasian) and Upper (Clansayesian) Substages. The following ammonitic zones are separated and characterized: Cheloniceras (Epicheloniceras) martinioides Zone, C. (E.) subnodosocostatum Zone, Acanthohoplites nolani Zone, Hypacanthoplites jacobi Zone. Aptian is covered with a wash-out by Albian. The interruption of the sedimentation includes Late Aptian (partially), Early and Middle Albian (partially) Substages. Albian Stage is represented by the Middle (partially) and Upper Albian Substages. The following zones are established and characterized: Hoplites (Hoplites) dentatus Zone, Euhoplites loricatus Zone, Euhoplites lautus Zone, Mortoniceras (Pervinquieriа) inflatum Zone, Stoliczkaia dispar Zone. In some sections the separation of the first four zones is impossible due to the strong condensation in their basement. Albian is normally covered by Cenomanian. The boundary between them is traced by the disappearance of Stoliczkaia (Stoliczkaia), Mortoniceras and the appearance of Mantelliceras. Northwestwards an increase of the sandstones and mixed te rrigenous-carbonate rocks is observed in Aptian. An increase of the condensation and decrease of the thickness of the sediments to the south direction are established in Albian.
Phytochemical and Antifungal Activity of Kigelia Africana and Artocarpus Communis
Authors: Omoregie Deborah Temidayo , John Ilori Olasupo , Tanimowo Omotola Williams
Published: May 2023

Food spoilage and food losses became an important issue for human beings as regard the food safety and food security, since people started producing and storing food products. This study aims at investigating the antifungal activity of the leaves of Kigelia Africana and Artocarpus communis. Twenty grams of each plant was weighed and then soaked in 100 ml of distilled water, hot water and also organic solvent and they were shaken at intervals and left for 24 hours. The extracts were sieved using cheese cloth then centrifuged, and afterward filtered using Whatman no 1 filter paper. These extract solutions (100%) were diluted with water to give 75% concentration of the extracts while distilled water served as control. After extraction, phytochemical screening was carried out on the extracts. Isolation of test organism from spoilt yoghurt and bread was carried out using pour plate and serial dilution method. Fungi isolates were identified based on cultural characteristics, morphological examination and also using fungi atlas. Test organisms ; Rhizopus sp, Candida sp and Fusarium sp were subjected to antibacterial effect of varying concentration of these extracts using agar well diffusion method. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA. The screening of the methanol and aqueous extract of K. Africana and A. communis indicated the presence of glycosides, flavonoids, phenol, saponins, quinone, steroid and terpenoids. There was antifungal activity of both methanol and aqueous extract of K. Africana and A. communis. The aqueous extract exhibited antifungal activity against the test organism at varying concentrations with zone of inhibition values ranging from 26.00±2.00 to 12.00±3.00 for K. africana while the range of inhibition zone for A. communis range from 27.00±3.00 to 13.50±1.50. The leaf extract of K. Africana and A. communis have broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. The extract of K. Africana and A. communis showed antifungal activity and hence might be useful in the industry in replacing synthetic preservative.

Keywords: Kigelia africana, Artocarpus communis, extracts, phytochemical, fungi
Structural Prediction of Melanocortin Receptor (MC4R) of Carassius Auratus: An In-silico Approach
Authors: Acharjee Samik
Published: May 2023

Carassius auratus commonly known as goldfish is one of most attractive fish used as ornamental fishes throughout the world. From the ancient times, the melanocortin system is considered to be conserved ranging from teleosts to mammals. Various researches in several fish species presented melanocortin receptors 4 (MC4R) is involved in different functions in fish body. Therefore, in-silico analysis of MC4R of Carassius auratus has been carried out in the study to know the physicochemical properties and 3D structural confirmation of the protein. Sequence containing accession number XM_026207258.1 was taken from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and then processed to Expasy’s protparam for the physicochemical characterization, SOPMA for secondary structure prediction. Template search was done by SWISSMODEL/Workspace and Swiss-Pdb-Viewer was used for prediction of 3D structure of the concerned protein. The results suggested MC4R is a stable, hydrophobic and slightly basic nature of protein. The secondary structure of the analysed MC4R protein suggested presence of 50.77% alpha helix, 19.69% extended strands and 3.38% beta turns along with 26.15% random coils. Moreover, it might be resolved from the ramachandran plot that the structural prediction of MC4R is correct in prediction. Further, predicted 3D structure of MC4R protein can also be utilized for docking and simulation studies in future for finding out its relative binding affinity and functional action mechanism aspects. Moreover, the study is an approach for reducing the sequence data and solved structures gap by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, which are also tedious and expensive laboratory techniques in application as well.

Keywords: Melanocortin receptors 4 (MC4R); In silico analysis; 3D structural prediction; Carassius auratus.
Enucleation of the eyeball in chronic glaucoma in cats.
Authors:   FSFEI HE SPbGUVM, Bogatyreva E.S.
Published: May 2023

Glaucoma is a fairly common disease among small pets. There are various methods of treatment, however, with a chronic course of the disease and ineffective use of medications, resort to removing the eyeball.
Cultivo de videiras: revitalização e implantação de práticas agroecológicas.
Authors:   , Rafael de Amorim Éric
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido na cidade de Sumé-PB no campus do CDSA pertencente à Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, tendo como objetivo revitalizar um parreiral que encontrava-se desativado e que continha cultivares de Vitis labrusca já plantadas e inserir novas cultivares de Vitis vinífera. Foram introduzidas algumas práticas agroecológicas, como a adubação verde, a utilização de compostagem (esterco bovino, folhagens, cinzas e cascas de ovos) e também de algumas caldas naturais como a calda do nim que é utilizado para o controle de várias espécies de insetos, vírus, fungos e bactérias que causam danos às plantas, foi realizado o monitoramento da água de irrigação já que a qualidade da água é um fator essencial para que o parreiral seja revitalizado.