bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a dry powder formulation for pulmonary delivery of azithromycin-loaded nanoparticles
Authors: Madrid Sani Alison Tatiana , Ramos-Rocha Khellida Loiane V. , Sarcinelli Michelle Alvares , Chaves Marcelo Henrique da Cunha , Rocha Helvécio Vinícius Antunes , Léo Patrícia , Cerize Natália Neto Pereira , Zanin Maria Helena Ambrosio , Feitosa Valker Araujo , Rangel-Yagui Carlota de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concern regarding respiratory system diseases and oral inhalation stands out as an attractive non-invasive route of administration for pulmonary diseases such as chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, COVID-19 and community-acquired pneumonia. In this context, we encapsulated azithromycin in polycaprolactone nanoparticles functionalized with phospholipids rich in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and further produced a fine powder formulation by spray drying with monohydrated lactose. Nanoparticles obtained by the emulsion/solvent diffusion-evaporation technique exhibited a mean hydrodynamic diameter around 195–228 nm with a narrow monomodal size distribution (PdI < 0.2). Nanoparticle dispersions were spray-dried at different inlet temperatures, atomizing air-flow, aspirator air flow, and feed rate, using lactose as a drying aid, resulting in a maximal process yield of 63% and an encapsulation efficiency of 83%. Excipients and the dry powder formulations were characterized in terms of morphology, chemical structure, thermal analyses and particle size by SEM, FTIR, DSC/TGA and laser light diffraction. The results indicated spherical particles with 90% at 4.06 µm or below, an adequate size for pulmonary delivery. Aerosolization performance in a NGI confirmed good aerodynamic properties. Microbiological assays showed that the formulation preserves AZM antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, with halos above 18 mm. In addition, no formulation-related cytotoxicity was observed against the human cell lines BEAS-2B (lung epithelial), HUVEC (endothelial) and HFF1 (fibroblasts). Overall, the approach described here allows the production of AZM-PCL nanoparticles incorporated into inhalable microparticles, enabling more efficient pulmonary therapy of lung infections.
Systemic Implications of Bullous Pemphigoid: Bridging Dermatology and Internal Medicine
Authors: Mashima Emi , Saito-Sasaki Natsuko , Sawada Yu
Published: October 2024

Background: Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune bullous disease that frequently affects a large skin surface area, but it can also present in localized areas. It has been hypothesized that bullous pemphigoid affects the systemic functioning of different organs because inflammatory cells and cytokines circulate throughout numerous organs. Results: Recent clinical and experimental studies have revealed an association between bullous pemphigoid and systemic organ disorders. To avoid the emergence of systemic organ diseases, the significance of systemic treatment in cases of severe bullous pemphigoid should be emphasized. Conclusions: Here, we discuss the specific molecular processes underlying typical systemic organ inflammatory diseases associated with bullous pemphigoids.
Wall Shading Losses of Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Appelbaum Joseph , Peled Assaf , Aronescu Avi
Published: October 2024

The deployment of photovoltaic (PV) systems on rooftops in urban environments may encounter shading on the PV collectors from surrounding walls, acting adversely on the generated electricity of the PV systems. Most studies on the shading of PV systems do not deal analytically with the shading losses of PV collectors affected by walls, fences, and obscuring objects. The present article mathematically formulates shadow expressions for wall and inter-row shading on PV collectors and calculates the percentage of annual shading losses affected by wall heights and azimuth angles, the distances of walls to collectors, and the length and azimuth angles of collectors. This study indicates that the shading losses increase for shorter distances from the collector to the walls and for higher walls. Shading losses may reach 7 percent for wall heights of 4 m and at a distance of 2 m from the collectors to a wall. The results indicate that wall shading dominates inter-row shading.
Light-Controlled Interconvertible Self-Assembly of Non-Photoresponsive Suprastructures
Authors: Yu Wentao , Kothapalli Sudarshana Santhosh Kumar , Yang Zhiyao , Guo Xuwen , Li Xiaowei , Cai Yimin , Feng Wen , Yuan Lihua
Published: October 2024

Achieving light-induced manipulation of controlled self-assembly in nanosized structures is essential for developing artificially dynamic smart materials. Herein, we demonstrate an approach using a non-photoresponsive hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) macrocycle to control the self-assembly and disassembly of nanostructures in response to light. The present system comprises a photoacid (merocyanine, 1-MEH), a pseudorotaxane formed by two H-bonded macrocycles, dipyridinyl acetylene, and zinc ions. The operation of such a system is examined according to the alternation of self-assembly through proton transfer, which is mediated by the photoacid upon exposure to visible light. The host–guest complexation between the macrocycle and bipyridium guests was investigated by NMR spectroscopy, and one of the guests with the highest affinity for the ring was selected for use as one of the components of the system, which forms the host–guest complex with the ring in a 2:1 stoichiometry. In solution, a dipyridine and the ring, having no interaction with each other, rapidly form a complex in the presence of 1-MEH when exposed to light and thermally relax back to the free ring without entrapped guests after 4 h. Furthermore, the addition of zinc ions to the solution above leads to the formation of a polypseudorotaxane with its morphology responsive to photoirradiation. This work exemplifies the light-controlled alteration of self-assembly in non-photoresponsive systems based on interactions between the guest and the H-bonded macrocycle in the presence of a photoacid.
Efficient Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Seaweed Waste via a Radiation Process and Their Conversion to Porous Nanocarbon for Energy Storage System
Authors: Jeong Jin-Ju , Kim Jae-Hun , Lee Jung-Soo
Published: October 2024

This article presents an efficient method for isolating cellulose nanocrystals (CNcs) from seaweed waste using a combination of electron beam (E-beam) irradiation and acid hydrolysis. This approach not only reduces the chemical consumption and processing time, but also improves the crystallinity and yield of the CNcs. The isolated CNcs were then thermally annealed at 800 and 1000 °C to produce porous nanocarbon materials, which were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to assess their structural and chemical properties. Electrochemical testing of electrical double-layer capacitors demonstrated that nanocarbon materials derived from seaweed waste-derived CNcs annealed at 1000 exhibited superior capacitance and stability. This performance is attributed to the formation of a highly ordered graphitic structure with a mesoporous architecture, which facilitates efficient ion transport and enhanced electrolyte accessibility. These findings underscore the potential of seaweed waste-derived nanocarbon as a sustainable and high-performance material for energy storage applications, offering a promising alternative to conventional carbon sources.
Dynamic Changes and Potential Correlations between Microbial Diversity and Volatile Flavor Compounds in Chinese Medium-Temperature Daqu during Manufacturing
Authors: Nie Xin , Jia Xiaohan , Zhu Kaixian , Ling Ziqing , Chen Hongfan , Xie Jing , Ao Zonghua , Song Chuan , Shen Caihong , Zhu Chenglin , Yan Wei , Wang Jiabin , Wang Yijing , Zhao Zhiping
Published: October 2024

To investigate the dynamic changes and potential correlations between microbial diversity and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during Chinese medium-temperature Daqu (MTD) manufacturing at different key stages, in this study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and gas chromatography–ion mobility spectrometry (GC–IMS) were employed to analyze the microbial diversity and VOCs of MTD, respectively. The results showed that Weissella, Staphylococcus, Thermoactinomyces, Kroppenstedtia, and Lactobacillus were the dominant bacterial genera, while Aspergillus, Alternaria, Thermoascus, Thermomyces, Wickerhamomyces, and Saccharomyces were the dominant fungal genera. A total of 61 VOCs were detected by GC–IMS, among which, 13 differential VOCs (VIP > 1) were identified, that could be used as potential biomarkers to judge the fermentation stage of MTD. Kroppenstedtia and Saccharopolyspora were positively correlated with 3-methyl-2-butenal and 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane-D, respectively, and both of these were positively correlated with butanal-D. Acetobacter, Streptomyces, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) including Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, Weissella, and Lactobacillus were negatively correlated with their associated VOCs, while fungi were generally positively correlated with VOCs. Wickerhamomyces, Saccharomyces, and Candida were positively correlated with butan-2-one-M. This study provides a theoretical basis for explaining the mechanisms of MTD flavor formation and screening functional microorganisms to improve the quality of MTD.
Thermo- and pH-Responsible Gels for Efficient Protein Adsorption and Desorption
Authors: Poplewska Izabela , Strachota Beata , Strachota Adam , Poplewski Grzegorz , Antos Dorota
Published: October 2024

Protein adsorption behavior was examined on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-sodium methacrylate)-based hydrogels at different temperatures: 5, 20, and 37 °C, and pH: 4.5, 7, and 9.2. The hydrogels, whose covalent skeleton contains pendant anionic units due to the presence of the sodium methacrylate co-monomer, exhibited both thermo- and pH-sensitivity with different extents, which depended on the content of ionizable moieties and the cross-linker density. The hydrogel composition, temperature, and pH influenced the zeta potential of the hydrogels and their swelling properties. The proteins selected for the study, i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA), ovalbumin (OVA), lysozyme (LYZ), and a monoclonal antibody (mAb2), differed in their aminoacidic composition and conformation, thus in isoelectric point, molecular weight, electrostatic charge, and hydrophobicity. Therefore, the response of their adsorption behavior to changes in the solution properties and the hydrogel composition was different. LYZ exhibited the strongest adsorption of all proteins with a maximum at pH 7 (189.5 mg ggel−1); adsorption of BSA and OVA reached maximum at pH 4.5 (24.4 and 23.5 mg ggel−1), whereas mAb2 was strongly adsorbed at 9.2 (21.7 mg ggel−1). This indicated the possibility of using the hydrogels for pH-mediated separation of proteins differing in charge under mild conditions in a water-rich environment of both the liquid solution and the adsorbed phase. The adsorption affinity of all proteins increased with temperature, which was attributed to the synergistic effects of attractive electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. That effect was particularly marked for mAb2, for which the temperature change from 5 to 37 °C caused a twentyfold increase in adsorption. In all cases, the proteins could be released from the hydrogel surface by a reduction in temperature, an increase in pH, or a combination of both. This allows for the elimination of the use of salt solution as a desorbing agent, whose presence renders the recycling of buffering solutions difficult.
Improving Hydrolytic Activity and Enantioselectivity of Epoxide Hydrolase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium by Directed Evolution
Authors: Shao Huanhuan , Xu Pan , Tao Xiang , He Xinyi , Pu Chunyan , Liang Shaorong , Shi Yingxin , Wang Xiaoyan , Feng Hong , Yong Bin
Published: October 2024

Epoxide hydrolases (EHs) catalyze the conversion of epoxides into vicinal diols. The epoxide hydrolase gene from P. chrysosporium was previously cloned and subjected to site-directed mutation to study its enzyme activity, but the results were unsatisfactory. This study used error prone PCR and DNA shuffling to construct a PchEHA mutation library. We performed mutation-site combinations on PchEHA based on enzyme activity measurement results combined with directed evolution technology. More than 15,000 mutants were randomly selected for the preliminary screening of PchEHA enzyme activity alongside 38 mutant strains with increased enzyme activity or enantioselectivity. Protein expression and purification were conducted to determine the hydrolytic activity of PchEHA, and three mutants increased their activity by more than 95% compared with that of the wt. After multiple rounds of screening and site-specific mutagenesis, we found that F3 offers the best enzyme activity and enantioselectivity; furthermore, the molecular docking results confirmed this result. Overall, this study uncovered novel mutants with potential value as industrial biocatalysts.
Extraction Method Effects on Structural Properties and Functional Characteristics of Dietary Fiber Extracted from Ginseng Residue
Authors: Feng Xiaoyu , Ameer Kashif , Ramachandraiah Karna , Jiang Guihun
Published: October 2024

In this research, the dietary fibers (DFs) from ginseng residue were extracted by employing three different extraction methods (alkaline: AL, acidic: AC, enzymatic: EN). The extracted DFs were characterized in terms of their structural and functional properties. The results clearly showed that, regardless of the extraction methods, all DF samples exhibited representative infrared spectral features. The DF extracted by AC (citric acid) had more porous structures with a looser configuration, in conjunction with high apparent viscosity, whereas the DF extracted by EN (α-amylase and protease) exhibited higher thermal stability. Moreover, the monosaccharide composition of the DF samples was significantly influenced by the extraction method type. The DF from ginseng residue extracted by AC had the highest functional properties, such as water holding capacity (8.16 g/g), oil holding capacity (3.99 g/g), water swelling capacity (8.13 g/g), cholesterol-absorption capacity (12.85 mg/g), bile acid absorption capacity (91.51 mg/g), nitrite ion absorption capacity (124.38 ug/g at pH 2.0), glucose absorption capacity (52.67 mg/g at 150 mmol/L), as compared to those of DF extracted by the EN and AL (sodium hydroxide) methods. Hence, ginseng residue-derived DF extracted by the AC method may be potentially employed in the preparation of functional food ingredients.
Partnering Implementation in SMEs: The Role of Trust
Authors: Vidyarthy Arvind Kumar , Kuthambalayan Thyagaraj S.
Published: October 2024

Resource Dependence Theory suggests that (a) power balance with resource interdependency, (b) formal/informal procedures for resource exchange, and (c) matching in goals and operational philosophies positively affect partnering implementation (information exchange and joint decision-making). Additionally, improved partnering implementation positive affects commitment fulfillment and dispute resolution. In a setting where SMEs supply to small local retailers, the SMEs do not suffer from low bargaining power and rely on informal contracts, and both firms are compatible. The small trading partners in this study predominantly have face-to-face and telephonic interactions with each other (possible due to the small number). Knowledge of one another and a simple transaction process reduces risk and uncertainty, and leads to trust. In this study, trust is a contextual factor, and we aim to determine if there is a positive effect of (a), (b), and (c) on partnering implementation, and if the effect strengthens with an increase in the level of trust. Survey data are used to calibrate and validate a structural equation model independently. Through empirical research, we aim to identify deviations in results, determine the cause of deviation in the study characteristics, and add explanatory power to research findings. Except for the influence of trust on the positive relationship between informal procedures and partnering implementation, the finding fits with the theoretical bases. With a high level of trust, clarity in time, accuracy, and relevance of information exchanged may be lacking, compromising decision-making and adding to the ambiguity of partnering implementation with an informal agreement.
A Preliminary Study of the Age and Growth Patterns of a Sea Toad, Chaunax abei Le Danois, 1978, in Suruga Bay, Japan
Authors:   Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan, ŞENBAHAR AHMET MERT , ETO AKIRA , YOKOTA MASASHI
Published: October 2024

Chaunax abei Le Danois, 1978, is a bottom-dwelling species caught by bottom trawls in Suruga Bay. In the present study, we assessed the age and growth pattern of C. abei from Suruga Bay during the period of 2021–2022 for the first time. The total length (TL) of the population ranged from 37.4–268.8 mm (mean ± SD: 124.7 ± 3.64 mm), and the fish weight (W) between 1.11–491.75 g (mean ± SD: 58.40 ± 7.25 g). The length-weight relationship was estimated as 𝑊𝑊=(2.07 × 10−5)𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇2.996 (r2 = 0.937). Age determination was based on annual growth ring counts of transverse sections of the sagittal otoliths and age ranged from 1 to 12 years, with the majority of fish aged 4 (32.79 %) years old. The von Bertalanffy growth function was used to model the growth, and the parameters were found as: TL∞ = 468.1 mm, K = 0.056 year-1, t0 = -0.402 year. This research provides the first results on the growth of C. abei and enriches the regional fisheries biology database. Furthermore, it presents the primary population data on the growth patterns of one of the chaunacid species.
Characterisation of Snakehead Fish, Channa striata (Bloch, 1793), Byproduct and Its Gelatin Properties
Authors:   Department of Fishery Products Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, ROSMAWATI ROSMAWATI , SARI SRI FATMAH , ASNANI ASNANI , ROHMA A. YULI
Published: October 2024

This study aims to identify the characteristics of skin, bones, and scales as a biomaterial byproduct of snakehead fish, Channa striata (Bloch, 1793) before and after the extraction process into gelatin, based on 36 fresh snakehead fish samples. The biomaterials were identified, including their proximate composition (by weight of protein, fat, moisture, ash) collagen, amino acids. The physicochemical properties of gelatin in terms of yield, gel strength, viscosity pH, and functional groups were determined for scales, skin and bones. Combined, these biomaterials made up about 47.74 % of the total byproduct by weight of snakehead fish that would usually be discarded. Moisture and protein content of the skin was higher than that of scales and bone (P < 0.05), and fat content was higher in bone than in skin and scales (P < 0.05). The lowest ash content was in skin (<1 %), compared to scales and bone (P < 0.05). The collagen content of scales was higher than that of skin and bone (P < 0.05). Glycine and proline in the three biomaterials were nearly equal and highest in skin, scale, and bone, respectively. There were significant differences in viscosity and gel strength of the three types of gelatin (P < 0.05), the highest viscosity was in skin gelatin while the best gel strength was in scale gelatin, while pH was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The application of the same method and solvent can produce different properties and characteristics of gelatin, and the presence of functional groups helps determine the occurrence of changes in the secondary structure of gelatin from the three biomaterials.
Larval Rearing of the Giant Trevally, Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1775), Fed Live Food Combinations of Rotifers, Copepods and Artemia salina
Authors:   Department of Agriculture, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Quezon City, Philippines, MUTIA MARIA THERESA M. , MUYOT FREDERICK BUENSALIDA , BARAL JANET LUCITO , GARCIA LILIAN CRUZ
Published: October 2024

The giant trevally, Caranx ignobilis, is a high value fish which has been studied for spawning in captivity and domestication in the Philippines in view of its aquaculture potential. Initial larval rearing of the species encountered mortality issues, and this study attempts to address the problem to improve their survival. Hatchery-bred C. ignobilis larvae were reared for 40 days in nine units of 100 L conical fiberglass tanks at a stocking density of 500 larvae.tank-1 under three feed treatments with different combinations of rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis), brine shrimp (Artemia) and copepods (Pseudodiaptomus spp.): T1- Brachionus plicatilis + Artemia, T2- Brachionus plicatilis + Pseudodiaptomus spp., and T3-Brachionus plicatilis + Pseudodiaptomus spp. + Artemia fed at 0800 h and 1600 h. The results showed that the inclusion of copepods in the feeding regimen had positive effects on survival. Survival rate was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in T2 (23.47 ± 3.18 %) than T1 (11.67 ± 1.90 %) but was not statistically different from T3 (14.37 ± 3.88 %). Length increment was significantly different (P < 0.05) among treatments but with no statistical difference in specific growth rate (P > 0.05). The erratic swimming behaviour leading to mortality associated with insufficient levels of highly unsaturated fatty acids in Artemia was not observed in T2, thus, validating the assumption that the feeding with copepods will increase survival during larval rearing. The use of copepods for C. ignobilis larviculture is seen to play an important role in the success of the seed production protocol for this species. However, a sustainable supply of copepods through appropriate mass propagation techniques must be ensured to achieve higher production of C. ignobilis seeds in the hatcheries.
UNLOCKING COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL: CPF 249, A MEDIUM-MATURING SUGARCANE VARIETY FOR PUNJAB
Authors: Hassan Mahmood Ul , Muddasar Muhammad Akhlaq , Fiaz Naeem , Afzal Muhammad Shahzad , Sikandar Zaheer , Shafique Muhammad , Hussain Syed Saqlain , Hussain Fida , Ahmad Muhammad Farooq , Yasin Mubashra , Niaz Salma , Zafar Muhammad
Published: October 2024

The substantial growth of sugar industry and the need to ensure national food security entail the extension of crushing season for sugar mills in Punjab by introducing medium and late maturing sugarcane varieties. The variety CPF 249 is a cross of CP 87-1628 × CP 84-1198, was developed from fuzz imported in 2002 from the Sugarcane Station in Canal Point, USA, and subsequently grown at the Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad. Following successful initial selection, CPF 249 underwent four years of testing in preliminary, semi-final, and final varietal trials from 2008 to 2012. This medium-maturing variety demonstrates high tonnage and superior sugar recovery compared to other medium-maturing varieties such as CPF 247, SPF 245, and HSF 240. Furthermore, CPF 249 exhibits resistance diseases and insect pests, positioning it as an excellent alternative to SPF 245, SPF 234, and HSF 240 throughout Punjab. Economically, it offers a significant advantage, yielding an additional profit of Rs. 223,000 over SPF 245, Rs. 138,000 over HSF 240, and Rs. 54,000 per hectare compared to other local checks.
EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF IRON ANDZINC NANOPARTICLES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) BUDNODE
Authors: Hameed Mena , Shahzadi Iram , Kaleri Asif , Manzoor Danish , Jamali Akhtar , Jogi Muahmmad Tufail , Akhtar Aadab , Pervaiz Rida , Ali Sabir , Ashraf Muhammad
Published: October 2024

The applications of nano-particles (NPs) in agriculture, such as nano-fertilizers, nano-insecticides, and nano-herbicides, are significantly impacted by their specific structure. In an experiment conducted at the College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, the presence of Fe and Zn nano-particles at different concentrations was investigated to promote the appearance and growth of sugarcane buds. The experiment was conducted using a Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) method, with three replications of plant height at different concentrations of Fe NPs and Zn NPs. The results showed that high Zn concentrations, such as 75 and 100 mg L-1, significantly influenced germination-related characteristics, including minimum plant height. Sugarcane buds treated with Fe NPs at 50 mg L-1 and Zn NPs at 100 mg L-1 had the largest leaf area, while buds treated with Zn NPs at 50 mg L-1 had the minimum leaf-to-plant ratio. The topical application of Fe NPs and Zn NPs to sugarcane increased chlorophyll concentration and photosynthetic rate by 1.3 cm. The plant also showed the highest amount of zinc. At 100 mg L-1, the shoot Fe 6.9 concentration in Zn NPs was the highest. In conclusion, adding Zn and Fe nano-particles in amounts ranging from 100 mg L-1 to 50 mg L-1 significantly improved the growth and development of sugarcane bud nodes.
EVALUATION OF SPRING WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER WATER STRESSED CONDITION
Authors: Sial Naveed Yaseen , Sial Mahboob Ali , Fareed Ghulam , Mastoi Amir Ali , Keerio Ayaz Ali , Butt Muhammad Adeel , Mengal Muhammad Aslam , Baloch Sana Ullah , Shah Sajid Ali , Khan Bismillah
Published: October 2024

Pakistan faces severe challenges in wheat production annually due to the devastating effects of drought stress. Therefore, present research was carried out to evaluate 15 exotic bread wheat genotypes along with the local check variety, Khirman for their performance under drought stress. Analysis of variance revealed that all the traits were significantly different (P<0.01) among the cultivars. Based on mean performance, genotype V-18 showed better performance for all the studied characters, while genotype V-14 showed desirable performance for different traits such as early growth vigor, number of grains spikelet-1, number of grains spike-1, number of spikelets spike-1, spike length, peduncle length, and grain yield plant-1. The local check Khirman also produced desirable values for four different traits, namely early growth vigor, number of grains spike-1, peduncle length, and grain yield plant-1. The cluster analysis divided all the genotypes into three distinct clades. The first cluster comprises V-14, V-18, and the local check Khirman, which performed very well under drought conditions compared to the other genotypes. The presence of these genotypes with the local check Khirman is regarded as indicative of drought-tolerant genotypes. The second cluster comprises nine genotypes, namely V-10, V-11, V-12, V-13, V-16, V-19, V-20, and V-23, which performed moderately compared to the genotypes found in the drought-tolerant cluster. The last cluster comprises four genotypes, namely V-09, V-15, V-17, and V-22, which performed very poorly under drought conditions. Overall, the two exotic lines, V-14 and V-18, which were in the cluster with the drought-tolerant variety Khirman, performed very well and can be considered as drought-tolerant genotypes
MORPHOLOGICAL AND YIELD-RELATED POMOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INTRODUCED OLIVE (OLEA EUROPEA) CULTIVARS IN RAINFED AREA OF POTHOWAR PUNJAB
Authors: Javed Uzma , Manzoor Ayesha , Mustafa Ruqeah , Hussain Tanveer , Ali Irfan , Akram Muhammad Tahir , Liaquat Mehwish , Satti Laiba , Quddus Asfa , Ahmad Ijaz
Published: October 2024

This study aims at pomological characterizing of 09 olive cultivars planted in the field area of Barani Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chakwal to estimate genetic variability in Ottobratica, Hamdi, FS-17, Gerboi, Arbequina, Persia, Nabali, Koroneiki and Earlik. Following pomological traits: fruit and stone weight (g), fruit and stone size (cm), fruit and stone shape index (length/width) and flesh to stone ratio were studied. Data for studied traits were collected in 2019 according to the International olive council descriptor. A significant genetic difference was noticed in the morphological characteristics of both fruit and stone. Different pomological characters were expressed by each cultivar. A wide range of variation was noticed in fruit weight (1.33-5.57g), stone weight (0.20-0.63g) and flesh/stone ratio (0.90-4.96). Based on their fruit shape, studied cultivars were classified into two groups i.e., ovoid and elongate. However, no significant difference was recorded for the stone shape, as all the studied cultivars had the same elongated stone shape. Concerning the fruit size, high fruit size (4-6g) was observed in FS-17, Hamdi, Earlik and Persia whereas Koroneiki, Nabali and Gerboi had the smallest ones (>2g). Based on our results, Earlik, Hamdi and FS-17 are suggested to be more appropriate for table olive production. Thus, an evaluation of genetic diversity through this study can help in the varietal development of olive for table and oil purposes.
Gravidez ectópica: uma revisão abrangente
Authors: Miranda Rodrigo Aparecido Prates de , Sidrim Gustavo Henrique Silva , Drumond Ana Paula Alves , Penha Julia Azevedo
Published: October 2024

A gravidez ectópica ocorre quando o embrião se implanta fora do útero, comumente nas tubas uterinas, e é uma emergência médica devido ao risco de ruptura e hemorragia interna. Historicamente, a condição foi estudada desde o século XI, com avanços significativos no diagnóstico e tratamento, especialmente após o desenvolvimento da ultrassonografia e laparoscopia. A etiologia envolve fatores como infecções pélvicas, cirurgias nas trompas, tabagismo e técnicas de reprodução assistida, afetando de 1% a 2% das gestações, principalmente em mulheres de 35 a 44 anos. A fisiopatologia está relacionada à implantação anômala do embrião em locais inadequados, como as trompas, que não possuem condições para suportar o desenvolvimento fetal, resultando frequentemente em ruptura e hemorragia. O diagnóstico é baseado em níveis anormais de β-hCG e ultrassonografia transvaginal, sendo a laparoscopia útil em casos inconclusivos. O tratamento varia entre abordagem expectante, uso de metotrexato ou intervenção cirúrgica, dependendo da estabilidade da paciente e do estágio da gestação, com acompanhamento rigoroso para garantir a resolução completa e preservação da fertilidade.
Atualizações sobre a abordagem cirúrgica de cálculos coraliformes: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Baltazar Lucas Ferri , Fernandes Ana Sabrina Soares , Padilla Jorge Mateus Herrera , Lima Julinêz e Silva , Carvalho Kelvin Mendes , Pinto Matheus Pires , Lopes Paula Rafaela Pires , Pavetti Pedro Antonio Sánchez , Rocha Raul Garre Climent , Thomaz Renan Matheus Schapuis , Vitorino Thiago Callak Teixeira , Fonseca Thiago Pivatto da
Published: October 2024

Introdução: Cálculos coraliformes são uma das patologias que afetam a estrutura renal, podendo causar quadros bastante sintomáticos, além da perda da função renal. Com o avanço da medicina e das técnicas foram surgindo novas formas de tratamento cirúrgico, fazendo-se necessária a avaliação dessas técnicas. Objetivo: Avaliar as diferentes técnicas cirúrgicas nos casos de cálculos coraliformes. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os descritores “KIDNEY DISEASES AND STAGHORN CALCULI” para artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2024. RESULTADOS: Diferentes comparações foram realizadas para garantir a eficácia da nefrolitotomia percutânea (PNL) em relação a outras diferentes técnicas. Uma revisão de literatura e um ensaio clínico demonstraram que, ainda que seja o tratamento de escolha, a PNL apresenta maior grau de dor pós-operatória e mais casos de queda de hemoglobina, quando comparada à cirurgia intra-renal endoscópica combinada (ECIRS) e à pielolitotomia laparoscópica (LPL), respectivamente. A PNL realizada por meio de cirurgia aberta apresentou maiores taxas de sangramento, necessidades de transfusões e tempo de internação quando comparada à cirurgia tradicional. Por outro lado, o uso da ureteroscopia flexível anterógrada e o uso de moldes impressos por tecnologia 3D aumentaram a eficácia e a segurança do procedimento tradicional. Pacientes que apresentam apenas um rim e/ou idosos devem ter acompanhamento minucioso durante o pré e pós cirúrgico. Conclusão: Foram analisados estudos sobre as diversas técnicas, evidenciando as particularidades encontradas em algumas delas. Mesmo a PNL sendo a mais utilizada, outras técnicas como a ECIRS, ureteroscopia flexível anterógrada e LPL obtiveram algumas vantagens quando comparadas com a PNL.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ СЛОЖНОПОСТРОЕННЫХ ТЕКТОНИЧЕСКИХ ЗОН ПРЕДУРАЛЬСКОГО КРАЕВОГО ПРОГИБА НА ОСНОВЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ОБРАТНЫХ ЗАДАЧ ГЕОФИЗИКИ
Authors: Маракова И.А. , Велыистова О.М. , Сабельников М.Ю. , Нуртазаева М.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены результаты исследований перспективной на крупные залежи газа Косью-Роговской впадины. В статье объясняется сущность геоплотностного моделирования и его совместимость с результатами интерпретации геолого-геофизических данных. Построение плотностных моделей проводилось с использованием программных средств EvDynlnversion и GCIS методом подбора, что давало возможность учитывать величину отклонения параметра плотности от начального приближения. По результатам обработки полученной информации построена геоплотностная модель исследуемой территории по региональному профилю 13-РС, непротиворечащая структурно-тектоническим и литологическим особенности строения исследуемой территории. В результате анализа комплекса данных построена сейсмогеологическая модель и выполнен палеотектонический анализ исследуемой территории.

The article presents the results of studies on the Kosyu-Rogovskaya depression, which has the potential for large gas deposits. The article explains the concept of geomodeling and its compatibility with the interpretation of geological and geophysical data. Density models were created using EvDynlnversion and GIS software, and the selection method allowed for the deviation of the density parameter to be taken into account. Based on this information, a geomodel of the study area was created according to regional profile 13-RS. This model does not conflict with the structural, tectonic, and lithological characteristics of the area. After analyzing the data, aseismogeological model and paleotectonic analysis were conducted forthe study region.
ДЕТЕРМИНИСТИЧЕСКИЙ АЛГОРИТМ F-X ДЕКОНВОЛЮЦИИ
Authors: Денисов М.С. , Серебряков В.С.
Published: October 2024

Известно, что традиционная реализация алгоритма f-x деконволюции, разработанного с целью выделения сигнала на фоне случайного некоррелированного шума, может порождать интенсивные артефакты,искажающие волновую картину. Показано,что причина этого эффекта связана с неточностью статистического оценивания корреляционной функции. Предложено использовать вместо статистическогоалгоритма f-xдеконволюции ее детерминистический аналог. Работоспособность такого методадемонстрируется на модельных иреальныхданных.

It is known that the traditional implementation of the f-x deconvolution algorithm, designed to separate a seismic signal from background random noise, can generate intense artifacts that distort the wavefield. It is shown that the reason for this effect is related to the inaccuracy of the statistical estimation of the correlation function. It is proposed to use its deterministic analog instead of the statistical f-x deconvolution algorithm. The performance of this method is demonstrated on both the model and the real seismic data.
ПИКИРОВАНИЕ ПЕРВЫХ ВСТУПЛЕНИЙ СЕЙСМИЧЕСКИХ ВОЛН НА 20-ПРОФИЛЕ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ И ОТОБРАЖЕНИЯ СЕЙСМИЧЕСКИХ ТРАСС В ФАЗОВОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО
Authors: Бурцев Г.Е.
Published: October 2024

В статье предложен способ автоматического определения моментов времени прихода первых вступлений сейсмических волн на исходных сейсмических данных. Исследование ограничено 2D сейсмическими профилями. В основе способа лежит расчет энергии сейсмических трасс в фазовом пространстве с применением машинного обучения. Методика расчета энергии трасс детально описана. Приведена схема нейронной сети и структура сформированного тензора данных. Показана эффективность разработанной модели на примере данных трех разных месторождений Западной Сибири.

The new method of automatic detection of seismic waves first breaks arrival time is introduced in the text. The survey is dedicated to 2D seismic profiles. The core of this method is the calculation of seismic traces energy in their phase space and the usage of deep learning. The methodology of seismic traces energy calculation is explained in details. The scheme of neural network is given and the structure of data tensor is determined. The efficiency of having been developed model is shown using the seismic data from three different Western Siberia oilfields.
Программный алгоритм для определения категории риска объекта защиты с учетом интегрального показателя тяжести потенциальных негативных последствий пожара
Authors: Юркин Г.Ю. , Проскова Н.Ю. , Козлов Д.Ю.
Published: October 2024

На основе Распоряжения Правительства РФ от 21 декабря 2023 г. № 3745-р “Об утверждении Концепции совершенствования контрольной (надзорной) деятельности до 2026 г. и плана-графика по ее реализации” рассмотрены вопросы актуализации программного обеспечения, используемого контролируемыми лицами при определении категории риска в области пожарной безопасности при применении риск-ориентированного подхода. Рассматриваются вопросы усовершенствованной математической модели, описывающий механизм принятия решений по категорированию объектов контроля в области пожарной безопасности. Получены расчетные математические формулы для определения интегрального показателя тяжести потенциальных негативных последствий пожара с учетом индекса индивидуализации подконтрольного лица. Разработан универсальный программный алгоритм в целях реализации вычислительных процедур для индивидуального объекта надзора с учетом его индекса индивидуализации. Результаты работы являются важными конструктивными компонентами программирования. Созданный программный алгоритм может быть легко детализирован и преобразован. Алгоритм не связан с какими-либо особенностями синтаксиса языков программирования, а также со спецификой функционирования конкретных ЭВМ, что делает его универсальным.

Based on the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 21, 2023 No. 3745-r “On approval of the Concept for improving control (supervisory) activities until 2026 and the schedule for its implementation”, the issues of updating the software used by supervised persons in determining the risk category in the field of fire safety when applying the risk-oriented approach are considered. The issues of an improved mathematical model describing the decision-making mechanism for categorizing supervised objects in the field of fire safety are considered. The objective of the study is to obtain calculation mathematical formulas for determining the integral indicator of the severity of potential negative consequences of a fire, taking into account the individualization index of the supervised person. A universal software algorithm has been developed to implement computational procedures for an individual supervision object taking into account its individualization index. The results of the work are important constructive components of programming. The created software algorithm can be easily detailed and transformed. The algorithm is not associated with any features of the syntax of programming languages, as well as with the specifics of the functioning of specific computers, which makes it universal.
INQUÉRITO SOROEPIDEMIOLÓGICO PARA LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL CANINA EM MUNICÍPIOS DA GRANDE VITÓRIA, ESPÍRITO SANTO - BRASIL
Authors: Daniela Francisco Bittencourt Joyce , Hiura Emy , Cuba Gaspar Raquel , Gonçalves Lima Suellen , Menozzi Benedito Donizete , Langoni Helio
Published: October 2024

As leishmanioses são um conjunto de doenças infecto-parasitárias causadas pelos protozoários do gênero Leishmania. A leishmaniose visceral (LV), ou calazar, é causada pela espécie Leishmania chagasi e é transmitida por flebotomíneos hematófagos, sendo os mosquitos da espécie Lutzomyia longipalpis os principais vetores no Brasil. A LV é uma zoonose que ocorre em mamíferos, principalmente caninos e humanos. A apresentação clínica varia de acordo com a cepa do agente e da relação hospedeiro-parasita. Os sinais clínicos observados nos cães acometidos são principalmente lesões e descamações na pele, linfadenomegalia, onicogrifose e emagrecimento progressivo, podendo progredir ao óbito. O objetivo do projeto foi realizar um estudo transversal na população canina dos municípios da Região da Grande Vitória, Espírito Santo - Brasil. Avaliou-se a soroprevalência da leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) nessa região, por meio de testes sorológicos (RIFI), além de caracterizar os fatores de risco associados à infecção canina em amostras de um banco de soros do Laboratório de Patologia Clínica da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Vila Velha, Espírito Santo. Foram analisadas 154 amostras, selecionadas pela amostragem por conveniência. Destas, 61,8% dos animais eram oriundos do município de Vila Velha, 27,9% do município de Vitória, 5,8% do município de Serra e 4,5% do município de Cariacica. Os cães possuíam idades variando de um mês a 17 anos, com idade média de 6,5 anos. Não foi evidenciada a presença de anticorpos anti-Leishmania na população de estudo. Confirmou-se que, até o momento, a região de pesquisa é não endêmica para a LVC.
Factors Associated with Patient Triage Accuracy in the Emergency Department
Authors: Abdur Rasyid T. , Lisa Indra Rani , Saputra Bayu , Sandra Sandra
Published: October 2024

Triage in the Emergency Department (ED) aims to provide timely emergency interventions in accordance with the urgency of the patient's condition. Triage decisions may be related to both nursing and patient factors. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the accuracy of patient triage in the ED of Arifin Achmad Regional General Hospital in Riau Province, Indonesia. The study utilized a quantitative approach with a descriptive analytic design using a cross-sectional approach. The study population were adult patients aged 18 years and above who came to the ED, with a sample size of 80 patients selected through consecutive sampling. Triage data were collected using an observation sheet, and triage accuracy was assessed by comparing nursing triage decisions with those of the attending ED physician, considered as the gold standard. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using Fisher's exact test, as well as multivariate analysis with logistic regression. The majority of respondents were adults aged 18-59 years (n=56, 70.0%), male (n=55, 68.8%), non-trauma emergency status (n=65, 81.2%), self-transported (n=66, 82.5%), and 68 respondents (85%) had accurate triage results. Fisher's exact test showed significant associations between age, gender, mode of transportation, type of emergency, and triage accuracy, with all p-values <0.005. The most significant factors associated with triage accuracy were male gender (OR 8.237, 95% CI= 1.875-36.199, p-value 0.005) and adult age (OR 5.270, 95% CI= 1.267-21.927, p-value 0.022). In conclusion, there were significant associations between age, gender, mode of transportation, type of emergency, and triage accuracy, with male gender and adult age being the most significant factors. Regular monitoring and evaluation of triage implementation are necessary to improve triage accuracy and patient outcomes in the ED.
Health Education Impact on Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Patients' Self-Efficacy & Self-Care
Authors: Sulastri Lilis , Yanny Trisyani  , Titin Mulyati
Published: October 2024

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a life-threatening condition. Health education interventions are needed as secondary prevention efforts. This study aimed to analyze the effect of health education on self-efficacy and self-care for ACS patients. This study used a pre-experimental one-group pre-posttest design. The number of samples was 41 respondents taken by purposive sampling technique. Self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy (GSE) questionnaire, Cardiac Diet Self-Efficacy (CDSE), and Cardiac Self-Efficacy (CSE). Self-Care Coronary Heart Disease Inventory (S-C CHDI) was used to measure self-care of the patients. Data were analyzed using a dependent t-test. The results showed an increase in the average score of self-efficacy before health education from 129.12 (SD = 16.65) to 142.49 (SD = 13.34) after health education. The self-care score before health education was 51.78 (SD = 11.51), which increased to 59.90 (SD = 10.25) after health education was performed. There was a significant increase in self-efficacy and self-care after health education was conducted, with a p-value = 0.001 <0.05. There was a significant influence of health education intervention on self-efficacy and self-care of patients with ACS. Health education can be programmed as a nursing intervention for ACS patients who are receiving treatment in a hospital.
The Relationship Between Mother's Attitude in Feeding Children Aged 24-59 Months with The Incidence of Stunting
Authors: Dedeh Husnaniyah  , Musthofa Ali , Riyanto Riyanto , Dekawati Dekawati
Published: October 2024

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive caused by chronic lack of nutrition at 1000 HPK (First Day of Life). Many factors influence the occurrence of stunting, including the mother's attitude in giving food to children. This study aims to determine mothers' attitudes in providing food to children aged 24-59 months with stunting incidents in the working area of ​​Losarang Community Health Center, Indramayu Regency. This research was a descriptive study with a cross sectional approach. The population of this study are mothers who had children aged 24-59 months in the working area of ​​Losarang Community Health Center, Indramayu Regency. The sampling technique used stratified random sampling with 63 respondents. The research instrument for assessing maternal attitudes was in the form of a questionnaire and determining stunting by calculating Z-score. The research results showed that 34 (54%) mothers had a positive attitude in providing food to children aged 24-59 months, stunting occurred in 45 (71.4%) children. The results of the bivariate analysis showed p-value = 0.660 (>0.05) which shows there was no relationship between the two variables. There were many factors that cause stunting, so a mother's positive attitude in giving food to her child cannot guarantee that the child was free from stunting. in conclusion there was no relationship between maternal attitudes in providing food to children aged 24-59 months and the incidence of stunting in the working area of ​​Losarang Community Health Center, Indramayu Regency
Surah Al-Fatihah as a Spiritual Therapy Method to Overcome Stress
Authors: Muksin Asep , Zainal Muttaqin  , Miftahul Falah
Published: October 2024

This research elaborates on the influence of the Al-Fatihah letter as a spiritual therapy method for dealing with stress based on a literature review. Surah Al-Fatihah, which consists of seven verses, has content that is believed to be able to provide calm and peace for its readers. This study explored how the elements in Surah Al-Fatihah can function as medicine for stress from a psychological and spiritual perspective. Literature analysis shows that Surah Al-Fatihah has several key elements that have the potential to reduce stress: praise to Allah, the Most Gracious and Most Merciful, acknowledgment of Allah's power, and a request for help and guidance. This reesults showed that praise and recognition helps reduce anxiety and provides a sense of security, while asking for help creates feelings of support and guidance in facing life's challenges. Anxiety reduction can be achieved through repeated reading of Surah Al-Fatihah which has a meditative effect, as well as through confidence and faith which provides a sense of calm and security. Social support from religious practices in the community also plays an important role in stress management. In conclusion, Surah Al-Fatihah has great potential as an effective spiritual therapy method for reducing stress. These findings indicate the need for further research through empirical.