bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dielectric property and polarization mechanism of sodium silicate glass in GHz–THz range
Authors: Kanehara Kazuki , Urata Shingo , Yasuhara Sou , Tsurumi Takaaki , Hoshina Takuya
Published: July 2022

Glass is a candidate of dielectric materials for high-frequency communication technologies, and it is important to clarify the dielectric function of glass in GHz–THz range. In this study, the complex permittivities of silica glass and sodium silicate glasses were measured at 0.5–15 THz using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and terahertz spectroscopic ellipsometer systems. The dielectric permittivity and loss of silica glass were extremely low in the GHz band, whereas those of sodium silicate glasses were relatively high in the GHz band. The dielectric dispersion at frequencies lower than 9 THz became larger with increasing Na content, and the dispersion greatly affected the dielectric permittivity and loss in the GHz band. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that vibrations and migrations of Na ions occur in the frequency range of GHz to THz, and the dielectric dispersion at frequencies below 9 THz is due to the vibrations and migrations of Na ions, which are easily moved by an electric field. These results suggested that glass materials with a low amount of alkali metal ions are required when glass materials are applied as a high-frequency dielectric material.
Wideband subwavelength acoustic edge detection via trapped modes with breaking structural periodicity
Authors: Xie Shuhuan , Ding Hua , Zhou Zhiling , Li Yong , Hao Tong
Published: July 2022

The wave manipulation through acoustic metamaterials and the application in realizing the super-resolution edge detection has been achieved by the trapped resonance coupling with evanescent waves. Here, we numerically and experimentally demonstrate that the working bandwidth of such edge detection can be effectively broadened by increasing the side length ratio of the narrow segments to the wide segments, and the imaging resolution is mainly determined by the size of the first narrow segment of the edge detector. By breaking the periodicity of these segments, the wide working bandwidth (∼900 Hz) and the imaging resolution of 0.11λ are experimentally verified.
Enhancement of the contrast for a hexagonal boron nitride monolayer placed on a silicon nitride/silicon substrate
Authors: Hattori Yoshiaki , Taniguchi Takashi , Watanabe Kenji , Kitamura Masatoshi
Published: July 2022

We propose a visualization technique for identifying an exfoliated monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flake placed on a SiN
x
/Si substrate. The use of a Si substrate with a 63 nm thick SiN
x
film enhanced the contrast of monolayer hBN at wavelengths of 480 and 530 nm by up to 12% and −12%, respectively. The maximum contrast for the Si substrate with SiN
x
is more than four times as large as that for a Si substrate with a ∼90 or ∼300 nm SiO2 film. Based on the results of the reflectance spectrum measurement and numerical calculations, the enhancement is discussed.
OBEDIENCE FACTOR FOR OFFICERS TO WASH THEIR HANDS IN HEALTH FACILITIES
Authors: Pakaya Nasrun , Umar Febriyanti , Ishak Agus , Dulahu Wirda Y.
Published: July 2022

Mencuci tangan merupakan salah satu pencegahan terjadinya penyebaran kontaminasi silang. Terdapat faktor yang menyebabkan petugas kesehatan tidak patuh terhadap prosedur mencuci tangan sehingga dapat menyebabkan infeksi silang terjadi. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah meneliti kepatuhan petugas melakukan cuci tangan di fasilitas kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan mensintesis bukti-bukti literature tentang faktor budaya kerja, sarana dan prasarana terhadap pelaksanaan  hand hygiene. Kajian dalam pencarian literature menggunakan tekhnik kajian Litterature Review. Dimana Literature Review ini menggunakan beberapa jurnal penelitian yang relevan dengan Faktor Budaya Kerja, Faktor Fasilitas dapat mempengaruhi pelaksanaan Hand Hygiene di ruang perawatan yang diakses dari basis data berbahasa Inggris dan Indonesia (Pencarian menggunakan PICOT Framework di database: Ebscho, Sciencedirect, Pubmed, Proquest dan Google Scholar) yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2015 sampai tahun 2020. Hasil literature menunjukkan faktor yang mempengaruhi budaya kerja terdiri dari supervisi kepala ruangan dan tipe kepemimpinan, sedangkan fasilitas kerja terdiri dari media poster, cairan antiseptic yang selalu tersedia serta tempat cuci tangan yang mudah dijangkau. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah fasilitas cuci tangan, ketersediaan antiseptik dan ksetersediaan tempat cuci tangan yang mudah dijangkau faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan petugas dalam melakukan cuci tangan.  Kata kunci: Cuci Tangan; Fasilitas; Petugas Kesehatan. Abstrac Hand washing is one way to prevent the spread of cross-contamination. There are factors that cause health workers to not comply with hand washing procedures so that cross-infection can occur. The novelty of this study was to examine the compliance factor of officers doing hand washing in health facilities, literature review. The purpose of this study was to analyze and synthesize evidence/literature on the factors of work culture, facilities and infrastructure for the implementation of hand hygiene. The study in the literature search used a literature review used several research journal that were relevant to work culture factors, facility factor could affect the implementation of hand hygiene in the treatment room which were accessed from English and Indonesian Language databases (Search method using PICOT Framework in databases: Ebscho, Sciencedirect, Pubmed, Proquest and Google Schola) published  from 2015 to 2020. Literature results show that the factors that influence the work culture consist of supervision of the head of the room and the type of leadership, while the work facilities consist of poster media, antiseptic liquid which is always available and an easily accessible handwashing area. The conclusion of this research is hand washing facilities, the availability of antiseptics and the availability of hand washing facilities that are easily accessible are factors that can increase the compliance of officers in washing hands.
The effect of deficit irrigation and fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative yield of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
Authors: Fatemi Kiyan Hassan , Tatari Maryam , Tokalo Mohammad Reza , Salehi Masomeh , Hajmohammadnia Ghalibaf Kamal
Published: July 2022

In order to investigate the effect of deficit irrigation and chemical fertilizers on yield and some physiological traits of quinoa an experiment was conducted in 2019 as split plot based on a randomized complete block design in two locations (Mashhad and Neishabour). Irrigation included, I0: full irrigation, I1: no irrigation at emergence stage, I2: no irrigation at stem elongation stage, I3: no irrigation at flowering stage, I4: no irrigation at seed setting stage. Fertilizer treatments included control (no fertilizer application); chemical fertilizer application according to local practices; manure application of 10 tons; and manure application of 20 tons per hectare. In general, seed yield, percentage of protein and seed oil in Mashhad was higher than in Neishabour. I2 treatment had the least negative effect on relative leaf water content. Application of chemical fertilizers, 10 tons and 20 tons of animal manure increased the percent of seed protein by 1.43, 1.66 and 2.37 compared to the control, respectively. The highest percentage of seed oil (5.91%) was obtained for treatment I2 in Mashhad and the lowest percentage of seed oil (4.18%) was obtained for treatment I4 in Neishabour. The lowest seed yield due to I1 treatment was observed in Neishabour and the highest seed yield was related to I0 treatment with 20 tons of manure and was observed in Mashhad. The results showed that the yield and water stress tolerance potential of quinoa can be modified by irrigation, fertilizer source and location.
Revisiting Grammatical versus Pragmatic Competence in Learning a Language
Authors: Retnowaty Retnowaty
Published: July 2022

This study aims to revisit the difference between grammatical and pragmatic competence in language learning. This paper design is library research by studying books, journals, literature, notes, and reports related to grammatical and pragmatic competence. The data sources for this project report are relevant books and previous studies in the form of journal articles about grammatical and pragmatic competence. Result of the study stated that knowing only grammatical or language rules without knowing when and where the rules must be applied is insufficient. It addresses not only grammar but also meaning. This could imply that there should be more practice exercises for identifying grammatical and pragmatic errors. The teachers should then encourage their students to be aware of grammatical and pragmatic errors and treat them seriously. As a result, this study has brought this issue to light and may aid language learners in developing their pragmatic ability.
FERRAMENTA TECNOLÓGICA PARA REALIZAÇÃO DE REVISÃO DE LITERATURA EM PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS
Authors: Redinz Mansur Daniel , Oliveira Altoé Renan
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as funcionalidades de uma ferramenta tecnológica, desenvolvida no Microsoft Excel, que contribui para o processo de importação e tratamento de dados de estudos para realização de Revisão de Literatura, assim como auxilia professores na pesquisa por práticas pedagógicas de determinado conteúdo ou metodologias de ensino. De natureza qualitativa, em uma abordagem descritiva, a referida ferramenta foi desenvolvida a partir das necessidades de Mestrandos e Doutorandos do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação em Ciências e Matemática (EDUCIMAT), do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (Ifes), em realizarem Revisões de Literatura de suas investigações. O instrumento tecnológico tem se mostrado eficaz, uma vez que os usuários relataram uma diminuição no tempo dispendido com a Revisão de Literatura, obtendo resultados mais abrangentes e selecionando, com mais eficiência, trabalhos que se aproximaram de suas pesquisas. Destacamos que os que autores construíram aprendizagens no decorrer do desenvolvimento dessa ferramenta, sobretudo no que diz respeito às plataformas de armazenamento trabalhos acadêmicos e científicos e aos índices de impacto de periódicos.
Penamaan Produk Herbal Tradisional Air Mancur Berkaitan dengan Kegunaan Produk (Naming of Air Mancur Herbal Traditional Product Related to Product Uses)

Authors: Prahastiwi Adventyna
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk, acuan nama, dan fungsi penamaan produk herbal tradisional Air Mancur berkaitan dengan kegunaan produk. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan semantik. Data penelitian berupa enam belas nama produk herbal tradisional yang diambil dari katalog produk pada situs laman jamu Air Mancur. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode padan referensial dan padan translasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk penamaan produk herbal tradisional Air Mancur berupa kata benda, frasa nominal, kata kerja, frasa adjektiva, dan frasa preposisional. Acuan nama-nama produk didasarkan pada nama penyakit, gabungan antara nama tanaman dan penyakit, nama bagian tubuh, kata yang mewakili kondisi tertentu pada tubuh, gender, obat tradisional, serta nama dengan acuan dari bahasa Jawa. Fungsi penamaan tersebut dapat dikelompokkan menjadi empat fungsi, yaitu fungsi informatif, direktif, puitik, dan rekreatif. The study aimed to identify the form naming, name reference, and the function naming of Air Mancur herbal traditional product related to product uses. The approach used in this study is semantic approach. The data consisted of sixteen names of traditional herbal product taken from the Air Mancur herbal medicine website. The data analysis used referential equivalent and translational equivalent method. The result showed that the form naming of Air Mancur herbal traditional product consists of nouns, noun phrases, verbs, adjective phrases, and prepositional phrases. Reference for product names is based on the name of disease, a combination of plant names and disease, the name of the body part, words that represent certain condition in the body, gender, traditional medicine, and names with reference from the Javanese language. The function naming can be classified into four function, namely informational function, directive function, poetic function, and recreational function.
The effectiveness of anti-IgE therapy for allergic rhinitis in patients with severe atopic bronchial asthma and concomitant allergic rhinitis in real clinical practice
Authors: Kiseleva Darina V. , Beltyukov Evgeny K. , Naumova Veronika V.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Omalizumab, by binding immunoglobulin (Ig) E in patients with atopic asthma, can improve clinical and functional parameters and patients quality of life.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of anti-IgE therapy in patients with allergic rhinitis treated with omalizumab for concomitant severe atopic asthma in real clinical practice
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This open, non-interventional, prospective, and non-randomized study in real clinical practice was conducted in the Sverdlovsk region in October 2021 based on a regional registry of adult patients with severe asthma with chronic nasal inflammatory diseases and receiving targeted therapy. Dynamics of nasal symptoms were assessed using the Sino-nasal-outcome test 22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire and visual analog scale (VAS) initially and after 4 and 12 months of omalizumab therapy. Peripheral blood eosinophil level was assessed before and after 4 months of omalizumab therapy.
RESULTS: The study included 26 patients. Assessment of nasal symptoms dynamics using the SNOT-22 questionnaire at baseline and after 4 months of omalizumab therapy revealed a decreased severity of symptoms (p 0.001) of 46.8522.04 points at baseline (95% confidence interval [CI]: 37.9455.75) and 30.6514.81 points after 4 months (95% CI: 24.6736.64). Additionally, improvement in SNOT-22 questionnaire score was revealed in 18 patients treated with omalizumab during 12 months, with 47.5 points before therapy (Q₁Q₃: 35.759.3), 30.4 points after 4 months (Q₁Q₃: 22.138.1), and 24.9 points after 12 months (Q₁Q₃: 16.932.9) (p=0.001). Improvement in rhinitis symptoms control was observed according to the VAS scale, with 8.0 points before therapy (Q₁Q₃: 6.29.0), 5.0 points after 4 months (Q₁Q₃: 3.25.8), and 5.0 points after 12 months of treatment (Q₁Q₃: 4.06.8). The eosinophil levels (n=16) decreased from 510.9317.9 cells/l (95% CI: 341.5680.3) to 327.4217.7 cells/l (95% CI: 211.4443.5) after 4 months of anti-IgE therapy (p 0.041).
CONCLUSIONS: Omalizumab in real clinical practice has demonstrated improvement of rhinitis symptoms and quality of life in patients with allergic rhinitis with concomitant severe atopic asthma. Additionally, a statistically significant decrease in peripheral blood eosinophils level was observed, which largely determines airway inflammation severity and clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.
Embedding character education into an early childhood classroom through service-learning
Authors: Winterbottom Christian , Schmidt Sarah
Published: July 2022

The implementation of service-learning in early childhood education classrooms has not been well documented, and the links to service-learning and the potential effects on character education are scarce at best. In this paper, a service-learning pedagogy is presented as a way to enhance character through education with the youngest learners: children in an early childhood classroom. This study examines the experiences of both teachers and children in an early childhood classroom participating in the form of a service-learning pedagogy for a year, and investigates the social emotional and character development of the young children participating in the classroom. Through the implementation of service-learning in early childhood classrooms, it is possible to grow and create a generation of learners who connect academic curricula through projects that deal with real community needs. With an emphasis on building relationships and making connections, service-learning the authors suggest, is an approach that can allows teachers to maximize children’s strengths, while at the same time building character and positive social and emotional traits.
Implications of English as a Lingua Franca for Translation and Interpreting: Current and Future Directions
Authors: İŞİ Nazan , İŞİSAĞ Korkut
Published: July 2022

The unprecedented spread of English as a lingua franca (ELF) and the growing dominance of English in international communication have had increasingly important implications for the translation and interpreting (T&I) industry. Despite the role and importance of ELF for T&I, this issue has attracted relatively little attention within the field of translation studies (TS). This literature review paper aimed to present a synthesis of participant-based research that focuses on the implications and repercussions of ELF for T&I. To this end, five databases were systematically searched for relevant research that was published in English or Turkish in peer-reviewed journals or edited collections or produced as a master’s or doctoral thesis between 2000 and 2021. As a result of the search, seven studies were included in the review based on the predetermined criteria for inclusion. Surprisingly, the search yielded no research written by Turkish scholars on the issue, except for a few brief mentions. An outstanding common thread that runs through all the studies reviewed here and other relevant studies is the call for an ELF-oriented pedagogy to increase trainee translators’ and interpreters’ awareness and knowledge of ELF and prepare them for the changing working conditions, needs, and demands of the professional market. As repeatedly emphasised in earlier studies, this literature review paper has once again reaffirmed the need for further research, particularly empirical research, on the implications of ELF for all forms and aspects of T&I.
Application of Nano-Technology in Water Purification and Treatment, Towards Improving Water Quality for Effective Water Supply in Nigeria
Authors: Onuoha D. C , Ogbo O. G.
Published: July 2022

Nanotechnology has myriads of potentials and windows of opportunities cutting across all sectors, but this paper concentrated on the application of nanotechnology in water purification and treatment as a means of improving water quality for effective water supply in Nigeria. The paper reviewed twenty-one manuscripts on the applications of nanotechnology in water treatment, its efficiency and major challenges including original research studies and reviews. It was found that nanotechnology has the potentials to advance and make easy the process of water purification effectively, with the merits of lower costs, energy saving, and relative limited negative environmental and health impacts. Some of the identified nanomaterials useful in water treatment and purification include: carbon nanotubes and alumina fibers for nanofiltration, carbon nanotube membranes for removal of almost all kinds of water contaminants including turbidity, oil, bacteria, viruses and organic contaminants; Zinc oxide nanoparticles for removing arsenic from water; nano titanium oxide used to degrade organic pollutants; zero-valent metal nanoparticles, metal oxides nanoparticles, and nanocomposites among others. The paper recommended that nanotechnology should be adopted in water purification and treatment in order to improve water quality and adequate water supply in Nigeria. Also, the departments of water resources planning and management should partner with available nanotechnology centres to improve the sector using this technology.
Observational Evidence for a Spin-up Line in the P–
Ṗ
Diagram of Millisecond Pulsars
Authors: Liu Xiao-Jin , You Zhi-Qiang , Zhu Xing-Jiang
Published: July 2022

It is believed that millisecond pulsars attain their fast spins by accreting matter and angular momentum from companion stars. Theoretical modeling of the accretion process suggests a spin-up line in the period–period derivative (P-

P

̇

) diagram of millisecond pulsars, which plays an important role in population studies of radio millisecond pulsars and accreting neutron stars in X-ray binaries. Here we present observational evidence for such a spin-up line using a sample of 143 radio pulsars with P < 30 ms. We also find that PSRs J1823−3021A and J1824−2452A, located near the classic spin-up line, are consistent with the broad population of millisecond pulsars. Finally, we show that our approach of Bayesian inference can probe accretion physics, allowing constraints to be placed on the accretion rate and the disk–magnetosphere interaction.
Les stratégies des acteurs intermédiaires des circuits alimentaires de proximité en Guadeloupe : vers une alimentation relocalisée ?
Authors: Angeon Valérie , Fréguin-Gresh Sandrine
Published: July 2022

Cet article explicite le rôle des acteurs intermédiaires dans le système alimentaire en termes de proximité en Guadeloupe. Trois circuits alimentaires principaux sont étudiés : les marchés de plein air, les marchés paysans et la grande distribution. Les résultats montrent que selon les circuits, les dimensions de la proximité sont diversement mobilisées. Dans les trois cas d’étude, les acteurs intermédiaires jouent un rôle incontournable, sans pour autant contribuer de la même façon à la relocalisation de l’alimentation. Malgré les fenêtres d’opportunités existantes, n’émerge pas un véritable projet de territoire mettant en accord l’ensemble des acteurs du système alimentaire.
Les paillotes gitanes de vente de fruits et légumes à Montpellier, entre justice alimentaire et relégation
Authors: Loiseau Gaëlla , Perrin Coline , Pulliat Gwenn
Published: July 2022

Depuis la fin des années 1970, en été, des familles issues de la communauté gitane vendent des fruits et légumes dans des paillotes en périphérie de Montpellier, notamment sur des ronds-points, en mobilisant des approvisionnements diversifiés. Le maintien de ces espaces de vente précaires depuis plus de quarante ans témoigne de la capacité de ces revendeurs à conjuguer les intérêts des producteurs et ceux des consommateurs. Ils exploitent un marché de niche et jouent un rôle non négligeable dans le système alimentaire local. La logistique complexe, qui occupe une part importante de leur activité, est révélatrice des rouages de la relégation articulés à une inscription ancienne de ces familles dans l’économie circulaire locale. Leur rôle dans les circuits-courts apparaît comme une forme de résistance articulée à des enjeux de justice alimentaire.
La coopération territoriale en vue de la revalorisation des invendus alimentaires
Authors: Vérité Oriane , Bioteau Emmanuel , Gremy-Gros Cécile
Published: July 2022

La structuration locale d’une filière de revalorisation d’invendus se met en mouvement par une mise en réseau d’acteurs autour d’un projet de territoire à Nantes. En travaillant auprès des porteurs de projets, les chercheurs travaillent depuis deux ans sur l’analyse des coopérations inter-acteurs et des mécanismes de ce réseau de proximité alimentaire. A travers l’exemple de la monographie du projet SoliFoodWaste, nous développons les enjeux soulevés par la lutte contre le gaspillage alimentaire. La complexité du sujet invite à mieux comprendre les interactions et les coopérations qui prennent place entre les acteurs. Par la cartographie, des verbatims nous proposons cet article afin de développer la capacité des acteurs à transformer la société à partir de la fabrique d’un territoire.
Encadrer des thèses : d’abord, ne pas nuire. (2) Diriger c’est enseigner
Authors: Houssay-Holzschuch Myriam , Le Goix Renaud , Noûs Camille
Published: July 2022

(1) La relation entre l’encadrant·e et le·a doctorant·e est une dimension importante de notre activité professionnelle, pourtant peu analysée. Une première contribution ouvre une réflexion sur le vocabulaire (directeur·ice, encadrant·e, patron·ne, supervisor…), les textes réglementaires, la littérature scientifique existante, et l’importance qu’il y a d’inscrire la thèse dans une trajectoire professionnelle. (2) Cette seconde contribution part d’une expérience réflexive sur nos pratiques pédagogiques d’encadrant·e, à des fins de partage et discussion au sein du système français d’enseignement supérieur et de recherche. Les difficultés et dysfonctionnements existants dans la relation d’encadrement de thèse nous imposent, éthiquement et politiquement, de construire une proposition pédagogique et professionnelle, qui parte de cas concrets et explicite des situations effectivement rencontrées, afin de fournir des ressources et un horizon normatif pour le travail d’encadrement. L’implication de l’encadrant·e est essentielle pour améliorer les conditions de la thèse. C’est pourquoi nous proposons un premier référentiel des tâches concrètes de l’encadrant·e : enseigner et accompagner, soutenir et supporter, socialiser dans une communauté scientifique et disciplinaire en géographie, et fournir les ressources pour évoluer vers du mentorat.
Cyber Bullying among Undergraduates in a Nigerian University: Occurrence and Impact on Their Self-Image
Authors: Abdulqadir Mustapha Mulikat Ladi , Muhammed Shuaib A. , Muhammed Halimat Jumai
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This study explored the impact of cyber bullying on undergraduates’ self-image. The study also investigated whether respondents’ views will vary based on their age, gender, purpose of using the internet, duration of internet usage and average time spent online. Design/Methodology: The study adopted descriptive research design of correlational type using simple random sampling procedure to select a sample of 419 respondents. A selfdeveloped three sectioned questionnaire entitled “Cyber bullying and Self-image Questionnaire (CBSIQ)” was employed to gather data. Data collected were analysed using percentages, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation and Univariate Analysis of Variance. Findings: The findings showed that majority of the undergraduates (82.1%) experienced low level of cyber bullying and 66.8% of the respondents reported negative self-image. The findings also showed significant positive relationship between the experience of cyber bullying and negative self-image of respondents (r=.161, p <0.01). Respondents’ views regarding the influence of cyber bullying on self-image did not differ on the basis of their age, gender, purpose of using the internet, length of years in using the internet, and the amount of time spent online. Implication: Based on the findings of this study, there is a need for school counsellors to introduce self-image development skills training in the orientation programme organised for the undergraduates regardless of their age, gender, purpose of internet use and length of years in using the internet.
Association between Type and Intensity of Physical Activity and Depression
Authors: Chang Yujin , Park Kye-Yeung , Hwang Hwan-Sik , Park Hoon-Ki
Published: July 2022

Background: Although numerous studies have indicated that lower levels of physical activity correlate with a higher risk of depression, an association between the type of physical activity and depression has not been identified in Korea. This study aimed to examine whether the type and intensity of physical activity are associated with depression in Korean adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). A total of 11,679 individuals were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analyses to identify any association between the type of physical activity and depressive disorders in the sample subjects.Results: Measured weekly in units of energy expenditure, known as metabolic equivalents (METs), the amount of work-related physical activity was higher in individuals with depression according to the Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 than the participants without depression (386.7 vs. 206.7 MET-min/wk, P=0.01). Those diagnosed with depression tended to engage in less recreational activity per week (143.7 vs. 316.3 MET-min/wk, P<0.001) than those without depression. After controlling for covariates, the risk of depression among all participants was 1.012 times higher with a 100-unit increase in total work-related activity measured in METs (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.006–1.017; P<0.001) and 0.962 times lower with a 100-unit increase in total leisure activity measured in METs (95% CI, 0.937–0.987; P=0.003).Conclusion: Different types of physical activity were shown to be differently associated with depressive disorders in Korean adults. This study might guide in reducing work-related physical activity and increasing leisure activity to prevent the occurrence of depression.
Changes in Diagnostic Performance of Thyroid Cancer Screening before and after the Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System Revision
Authors: Kim Na Hyun , Han Jong Soo , Bae Woo Kyung , Kim Joo Young , Lee Kiheon , Lee Hyejin , Lee Kee Hyuck , Jung Se Young , Lee HanKyung , Jeong Hee-Yeong , Kim Young A , Sim Suyoun , Kang Ji-Won
Published: July 2022

Background: Since the era of “thyroid cancer epidemic,” many Korean academic societies discouraged the use of ultrasonography in healthy individuals and revised the Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System to address the overscreening and overdiagnosis issues. This study aimed to evaluate the change in the diagnostic effectiveness of thyroid cancer screening over the last decade.Methods: This single-center, retrospective observational study analyzed the data of 125,962 thyroid nodules obtained during cancer screening at the health promotion center of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2010 to 2019. Only 327 thyroid cancer cases pathologically confirmed by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) were included in the study. The strength of the association between the number of FNA and (1) the number of thyroid cancer diagnoses, (2) the positive predictive values (PPVs), and (3) the difference in PPV from the previous year were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation analysis.Results: The number of thyroid FNA biopsies as well as the thyroid cancer diagnoses decreased from 2010 to 2019 (166 to 48 [-71.1%] vs. 43 to 22 [-48.8%]). The PPV of FNA biopsies increased from 25.9% to 45.8% (+76.8%) and was negatively correlated with the number of FNA biopsies performed (R=-0.87, P<0.001). The difference in PPV from the previous year increased similarly but without statistical significance (R=-0.59, P=0.09).Conclusion: The diagnostic efficiency of thyroid cancer screening has increased over the last decade, as evidenced by the increasing PPV of FNA biopsies.
Redefining Exchange of Tracheal Tube from Nasal to Oral in High Risk Sepsis Patient
Authors: Khan Rashid M. , Haris Aziz , Al Jadidi Abdullah , Kaul Naresh
Published: July 2022

A 35-year-old male weighing 94 kg developed significant oropharyngeal and perilaryngeal oedema with sepsis in the postoperative period following mandibular advancement surgery. He needed change of an existing nasotracheal tube to the orotracheal route in the intensive care unit (ICU). The procedure had to be abandoned in the ICU for fear of losing the airway in this patient requiring high inspired oxygen concentration of 60% and positive end expiratory pressure of 8.0 cm H2O. The changeover of tube was safely achieved in the operation theatre by utilising the splinting effect of the existing nasotracheal tube that helped to keep the oedematous epiglottis lifted while an airway exchange catheter (AEC) was placed by its side under videolaryngoscopic guidance. Railroading the new orotracheal tube over the preplaced AEC after withdrawing the nasal tube while receiving oxygen at 4 litres per minute helped to accomplish the safe exchange of the tracheal tube.
The spray-dried mucoadhesive microparticles of rizatriptan with chitosan and carbopol in migraine
Authors: Jadhav Sachin , Mishra Sagar
Published: July 2022

Background

The traditional oral formulation for migraine treatment has the drawbacks of first-pass metabolism, plasma-protein binding, and poor blood–brain-barrier penetration. This study was conducted to establish the nasal route of administration for rizatriptan formulations in migraine.

Materials and methods

Rizatriptan mucoadhesive microparticles were synthesized by spray-drying and evaluated for infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The ex vivo study was done with Franz’s diffusion cell using goat nasal mucosa. The in vivo study was performed on the Albino rat’s nasal route for determining drug concentration by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis in brain tissue at single-point evaluation.

Result

The microparticles were of optimum size with no drug–polymer interaction in infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Scanning electron microscopy exhibited the morphology of spherical or ellipsoid microparticles with efficient drug entrapment. The percentage of drug permeability for chitosan microparticles was 76.53–91.09 and for carbopol microparticles was 78.49–92.25 in the ex vivo permeability study. In vivo studies showed that drug concentrations of 126.46–148.50% for chitosan batches and 152.83–165.04% for carbopol batches were superior to controls.

Conclusion

Ex vivo permeability study revealed drug-permeation patterns as high as 91.09±0.03% for RCH3 formulation and 92.25±0.2% for RC3 formulation. In in vivo study formulation, RCH3 displayed a drug concentration of 132.22±8.32% and RC3 showed 159.46±4.05% over the control batch, which is conclusive for improved drug delivery of rizatriptan through mucoadhesive microparticles for the nose-to-brain targeting in migraine.
A Migratory Sharp Foreign Body from the Hypopharynx to the Deep Neck Space – A Case Report
Authors: Swain Santosh K. , Nahak Bulu , Acharya Satyabrata
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common emergency managed by otorhinolaryngologists. The clinical manifestations and management vary as per the site of FB and its complications. The diagnosis of FB ingestion is often challenging and depends on its clinical presentations and imaging. One of the rare complications of FB ingestion is migration, which has the potential to result in morbidity and mortality. Migration of FB is said to have occurred in the presence of negative rigid esophagoscopy and positive radiography. Migration of FB to the neck requires neck exploration for its successful removal. Here, we report a case of sharp FB ingested, which penetrated through the hypopharyngeal wall by its sharp end and migrated into the deep space of the neck.
Ethambutol-Induced Bilateral Retrobulbar Neuritis with Cecocentral Scotoma in Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenitis Patient
Authors: Panda Bijoy Kumar , Bargaje Medha , Suryawanshi Vaibhav R. , Lohidasan Sathiyanarayanan
Published: July 2022

Ethambutol is considered to be safest first-line antitubercular drug, and patient acceptability is rather good in both intensive and continuation phase of the tuberculosis treatment with daily regimen. The important adverse effect associated with ethambutol is optic neuritis, resulting in loss of visual acuity, color vision, and field defects. The incidence of optic neuritis is generally directly proportional to the dose and duration of ethambutol therapy and rarely reported in a low standard dose. Here, we report a case of a 40-year-old female patient with complaints of progressive diminished vision (especially during day time) with a low daily dose (15 mg/kg/day) of ethambutol. She got diagnosed with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis and was receiving isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and levofloxacin. In rare instances, ethambutol ocular toxicity may present with cecocentral scotoma. In rare instances, plasma levels are performed. An estimated plasma level of ethambutol was found to be in higher end (5.6 μg/ml) of the reported therapeutic range (2–6 μg/ml). Bilateral retrobulbar neuritis with cecocentral scotoma adverse effect due to ethambutol can be seen in plasma therapeutic range.
A Study of the Level of Awareness about Tuberculosis among Employees of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Saxena Shivangi , Kunwar Rajesh , Mourya Amit K.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) in India is a major public health problem. Government of India has committed to end TB by 2025 through its National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme. Awareness about tuberculosis especially among healthcare workers (HCWs) is considered crucial for the success of the program.

Objective:

The study aimed to assess TB awareness level among HCWs (other than the medical officers) and other employees.

Methods:

The study was carried out in a large city in Uttar Pradesh, India, from Jul 2021 to Dec 2021. Study population included all employees of the hospital except medical officers. The employees other than the HCWs provided the inbuilt comparison group. Data were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires which included questions related to cause, mode of transmission, organ involvement, preventive, and treatment aspects of TB. Data were analyzed using STATA 17.0 statistical software.

Results:

Out of 244 study subjects, 128 (52.5%) were HCWs and 116 (47.5%) were other than HCWs. More than 80% of HCWs correctly knew that TB was a communicable disease that spread through air; most commonly affected lungs; was preventable as well as treatable; and the Govt. of India provided free of cost medicine to all TB patients. The overall awareness level among HCWs and Others was 74.5% and 66.0%, respectively. Compared to Others, HCWs were found more aware about 9 out of 10 aspects included in the questionnaire. The difference was found statistically significant in 4 out of 10 aspects.

Conclusion:

TB awareness among HCWs was found better than other hospital employees.
Are Pregnant Women Adequately Equipped for Autonomy in Pregnancy Screening?
Authors: Thain Serene PT , Choi Christina TH , Yeo George SH
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Aneuploidy screening is widely practised in the field of obstetrics in current times. This study thus aims to gain an insight on pregnant women’s knowledge and risk perception of Down syndrome and first trimester screening (FTS), as well as their views on various potential pregnancy outcomes and how these may affect their decision-making processes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based qualitative study of consecutive 50 women choosing to undergo FTS at KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), Singapore was conducted. The women completed a questionnaire after their FTS pretest counselling session. Basic knowledge of Down syndrome and FTS as well as participants’ risk perception with regards to various cut-off values used in FTS were examined. Patients’ views of various potential pregnancy outcomes were also studied. Results: Most patients had good retention and comprehension of what FTS entailed after a FTS counselling session at the KKH Antenatal Monitoring Clinic. However, knowledge of the risks of invasive diagnostic testing was poor. Patients also did not possess an adequate understanding of FTS risk values. With regards to risk perception, patients had very different views on acceptable pregnancy outcomes and what constituted a high-risk FTS value to them personally. A significant number of women were concerned even at medically low-risk values of 1:500 and 1:1000 in FTS. The majority of patients viewed highest detection rate followed by a lowest false positive rate as the more important factors impacting their choice of a Down syndrome screening test. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the diversity of pregnant women’s risk perception, risk aversion and participation in decision processes when there are 2 different values in competition. The study also highlights our patients’ gaps in knowledge and lack of understanding of risk values used in FTS. Key words: Choice, Decision-making, Pregnancy, Prenatal test, Risk assessment
Relationships between Prostatic Volume and Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion on Transabdominal Ultrasound and Benign Prostatic Obstruction in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Wang Delin , Huang Honghong , Law Yan Mee , Foo Keong Tatt
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The objective of this study is to determine the relationships between prostatic volume (PV) and intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) with benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). Materials and Methods: A total of 408 males (aged 50 years and above) who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were recruited. All had International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) index, urofl owmetry (Qmax) and postvoid residual urine (PVR) measured by transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS). The PV and the degree of IPP were also measured by TAUS in the transverse and sagittal planes respectively. The PV is classifi ed as Grade a, (20 ml or less), Grade b, (more than 20 ml to 40 ml) and Grade c, (more than 40 ml), while the IPP is graded as Grade 1 (5 mm or less), Grade 2 (more than 5 mm to 10 mm) and Grade 3 (more than 10 mm). Results: There was a fair positive correlation between the PV and IPP (Spearman, rs = 0.62, P <0.001) with important clinical exceptions. There was negative correlation between the PV and Qmax (rs = -0.20, P = 0.022), IPP and Qmax (rs = -0.30, P <0.001). PV and IPP were good predictors of BPO. However, IPP was slightly better (rs of -0.30 vs -0.20) than PV. Conclusion: PV is related to IPP with important clinical exceptions. IPP is a better predictor of BPO than PV.

Key words: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Prostate volume
State of mood, motivation, and impulsivity of young athletes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Costa Karla Medeiros , De Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa , Penna Eduardo Macedo , Andrade Marília Santos , De Suza Fonseca Fabiano , De Lima-Junior Dalton , Gentil Paulo , Sá Filho Alberto Souza , De Conti Texiera Costa Gustavo
Published: July 2022

Purpose.

The aim of the study was to compare the mood, motivation, and impulsivity of young athletes of different sexes and ages.

Methods.

The sample consisted of 147 young student-athletes of both sexes, aged 12–17 years, participating in the regional stage of the Brazilian Youth School Games 2018. The individuals were categorized into 4 groups for analysis considering sex (male vs. female) and age (≤ 14 years and ≥ 15 years).

Results.

(1) Female athletes aged ≤ 14 years demonstrated greater instability of mood compared with males of the same age (p = 0.009). (2) Female athletes aged ≥ 15 years presented less energy and disposition than female athletes aged ≤ 14 years (p = 0.007) and males aged ≥ 15 years (p = 0.001). (3) Both female groups (aged ≤ 14 years and ≥ 15 years) had a higher score than the male group aged ≤ 14 years for lack of perseverance (p = 0.003 and p = 0.034, respectively) and lack of premeditation (p = 0.012 and p = 0.013, respectively).

Conclusions.

The mood, motivation, and impulsivity of young athletes have varying characteristics in males and females and these variables are modulated by age.
Modernity in Suspense: The Logic of
Fetishism in Korean Cinema
Authors: Soyoung Kim
Published: July 2022

To examine local film in a situation at once peripheral and colonial but
presently in a global capitalist state, I employed theoretical concepts
such as translation as a cultural practice that could illuminate a set of
predicaments in a cinema and a culture of a manic mode of condensed
capitalist development, not to mention seemingly semi-perpetual partition.
The essay unfolds the translation of the word “fetish,” revealing its
complexity through the layers of meaning attached to it in its vicissitude
of translation into Korean.
Postcolonial Genre as Contact Zone:
Hwalkuk and Action Cinema
Authors: Soyoung Kim
Published: July 2022

Shifting the focus from a doubled vision of Europe and Asia to that of
Hong Kong and Korea, this chapter aims to transform the grounds of
comparison and contribute to inter-Asian cultural studies and film studies
by taking a look at the Hong Kong connection in Korean action movies, or
hwalkuk. As soon as Korean action movies catch the eye, one enters the
uncanny contact zone crowded and haunted by various forces. Korean
action movies provide a space contested by Japanese swordplay, Hong
Kong action and Hollywood action.
Anagram of Inter-Asian Korean Film:
The Case of My Sassy Girl
Authors: Soyoung Kim
Published: July 2022

Pan-Asian pro-feminist hit My Sassy Girl, the first Korean wave movie of
its kind, proves its strong appeal to young women in Asia which composes
an inter-Asian anagram.
Counting AI Research
Authors: Chou Daniel
Published: July 2022

Tracking the output of a country’s researchers can inform assessments of its innovativeness or assist in evaluating the impact of certain funding initiatives. However, measuring research output is not as straightforward as it may seem. Using a detailed analysis that includes Chinese-language research publications, this data brief reveals that China's lead in artificial intelligence research output is greater than many English-language sources suggest.
Görme Engelli Çocukların Ziyaret Ettikleri Müzeye Dair Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİR Emin , KÖKSAL AKYOL Aysel
Published: July 2022

Müzeler farklı duyulara hitap eden koleksiyonları aracılığıyla öğrenme sürecini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, görme engelli çocukların ziyaret ettikleri müzeye dair görüşlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden temel yorumlayıcı deseninde gerçekleştirilmiştir. 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim döneminde Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı ve Maden Tetkik Arama Genel Müdürlüğünden gerekli izinlerin alınmasından sonra beşinci ve altıncı sınıf düzeyinde daha önce müze ziyareti yapan beş çocuk ve daha önce müze ziyareti yapmayan beş çocuk olmak üzere toplam 10 çocuk MTA Genel Müdürlüğü Şehit Cuma Dağ Tabiat Tarihi müzesini ziyaret etmişlerdir. Çocuklar ziyaret sırasında müzenin sahip olduğu dokunabilen materyalleri yakından incelemişlerdir. Ayrıca çocukların ziyaret sürecine görevli müze personelleri eşlik etmişlerdir. Müze ziyaretinin tamamlanmasında sonra çocuklarla görüşme yapılmış olup veriler araştırmacılar tarafından uzman görüşü alınarak hazırlanan görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Hazırlanan görüşme formu kişisel bilgiler, önceki müze deneyimleri, çalışma kapsamında ziyaret edilen müzeye dair düşünceler, müzeye dair tanımlar gibi çeşitli sorular içermektedir. Elde edilen veriler, dijital ortama aktarıldıktan sonra MAXQDA programı yardımıyla içerik analizine tabii tutulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda çocuklar tabiat tarihi müzesiyle ilgili olarak hayvanları inceleme, fosilleri tanıma, materyallere dokunma fırsatı bulduklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Araştırmada çocukların en çok dokunulabilen materyallerden etkilendikleri, çocukların müze gezisini beğenmelerinde dokunulabilen materyallerin etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca çocukların müzeyi tekrar ziyaret etmek istediği belirlenmiştir. Bulgular doğrultusunda uygulamacılara ve araştırmacılara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur