bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combinations of Photodynamic Therapy against Cancer and Microbial Infections
Authors: Songca Sandile Phinda
Published: April 2023

The rapid rise in research and development following the discovery of photodynamic therapy to establish novel photosensitizers and overcome the limitations of the technology soon after its clinical translation has given rise to a few significant milestones. These include several novel generations of photosensitizers, the widening of the scope of applications, leveraging of the offerings of nanotechnology for greater efficacy, selectivity for the disease over host tissue and cells, the advent of combination therapies with other similarly minimally invasive therapeutic technologies, the use of stimulus-responsive delivery and disease targeting, and greater penetration depth of the activation energy. Brought together, all these milestones have contributed to significant enhancement of what is still arguably a novel technology. Yet the major applications of photodynamic therapy still remain firmly located in neoplasms, from where most of the new innovations appear to launch to other areas, such as microbial, fungal, viral, acne, wet age-related macular degeneration, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, environmental sanitization, pest control, and dermatology. The core value proposition of combinations of photodynamic therapy is that they enhance the leading alternative and are proposed to overcome challenges of the leading clinical anticancer and antibacterial methods, mainly due to its inherent barriers against the emergence of resistance and its rapid development of targeted and high precision therapy. Combinations with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and demonstrated applications in mop-up surgery adventitiously promise to repurpose these top three clinical tools. This review will navigate the vast and increasing innovations that have been created so as to obviate novel areas of further innovation.
Identification of Influential Features for User Engagement with Wellness Content: Analysis of nyt_well Instagram Account
Authors: Kim Seungjun
Published: April 2023

Wellness is a multidimensional concept that touches upon the various physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, social and environmental facets of health. Interest towards and importance of wellness have been growing constantly for the past two decades and thus makes it crucial to understand which factors affect public engagement with wellness information for multiple stakeholders. The Instagram account of New York Times (NYT) specifically for sharing wellness content with the handle nyt_well was selected as the object of study. 773 posts from this account between March of 2019 and December of 2022 were collected and analyzed to answer the research question of which factors are most influential to public engagement with wellness content. Two negative binomial regressions were run on features including the type of post, length, word count, sentiment score and topic with number of likes and comments as the dependent variables for each of those regression models. Results indicated that the type of post and its sentiment score were the two most influential determinants of public engagement with p-values smaller than 0.05. While the effects of some of these factors aligned with findings from previous studies conducted on social media content not related to wellness (e.g., marketing), some others affected the two separate public engagement metrics in opposite directions, warranting future studies to investigate further on the cause of this phenomenon.
Exotoxins from Clostridium septicum Kill Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages: A Possible Mechanism of Bacterial Immune-Evasion at Infection Sites
Authors: Ortiz Flores Rodolfo Matias , Cáceres Claudia , Cortiñas Teresa Ines , Gomez Mejiba Sandra , Sasso Corina Verónica , Mattar Domínguez María Aida
Published: April 2023

The induction of macrophage death is regarded as a potential mechanism by which components secreted by Clostridium septicum are used to evade the innate immune response and cause tissue damage. This study aimed to determine the effect of partially purified fractions of extracellular proteins secreted by C. septicum on the death of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages were incubated with partially purified fractions of proteins secreted by C. septicum into culture medium. After incubation, we found that the protein fraction with a molecular weight ≥ 100 kDa caused significant cell death in macrophages, changed cell morphology, increased markers of apoptosis and autophagy, and increased the expression (protein and mRNA) of IL-1 and TNFα. Our data suggest that the proteins secreted by C. septicum (MW ≥100kDa) induce cell death in macrophages by promoting autophagy-triggered apoptosis. This may contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanism of immune evasion by C. septicum at the infection site.
Exuberant Rice Body Formation Associated with Adverse Local Tissue Reaction After Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty
Authors: Ramirez Daniel C. , Ren Renee , Burge Alissa J. , Potter Hollis G. , Su Edwin , Bauer Thomas W.
Published: April 2023

Case:

A 65-year-old man with osteoarthritis of the hip developed a soft-tissue mass of the inferior gluteal region 3 years after metal-on-metal resurfacing hip arthroplasty. Clinical and imaging findings suggested an adverse local tissue reaction. Intraoperatively, nearly 1 liter of intra-articular fibrinous loose bodies (rice bodies) was removed, and histology showed features of an adaptive immune response. The patient had no evidence of an autoimmune disease or mycobacterial infection.

Conclusion:

To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of florid rice bodies associated with a metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty and adverse local tissue reaction.
MODUL PRAKTIKUM FISDAS : Praktikum Online Penunjang Penunjang Perkuliahan Fisika Dasar
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Mauliana Metatia Intan
Published: April 2023

Setiap alat ukur selalu dilengkapi skala berupa panjang, massa atau waktu. Pada skala terdapat goresan-goresan besar dan kecil yang dibubuhi nilai tertentu. Perhatikan: hampir semua lat ukur panjang mempunyai skala dengan jarak fisis antara dua goresan bertetengga tidak kurang dari 1 mm. Ini berkaitan dengan daya resolusi mata, yakni: mata manusia (sehat/normal) pada jarak 25 cm masihdapt melihat secara terpisah 2 sumber titik cahaya yang berdekatan hingga 0,1 mm. Akan tetapi, pembuatan goresan sehalus sumber cahaya bertitik (point source) secara teknis tidak mungkin dicapai, lagipula objek yang diamati jarang memiliki profil yang tajam, sehingga jarak pisah antara 2 goresan bertetangga pada hampir semua alat ukur tidak sekecil 0,1 mm, melainkan sebesar 1 mm bahakan tidak jarang lebih besar lagi (skala besar
Buku Ajar Hukum Lingkungan
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Rosnawati Emy , Multazam M. Tanzil
Published: April 2023

Buku ajar yang berjudul hukum Lingkungan ini disusun secara sistematis berdasarkan Rencana Pembelajaran Semester mata kuliah hukum lingkungan yang digunakan oleh dosen dan mahasiswa program Studi Ilmu Hukum Universitas Muhmmadiyah Sidoarjo. Beberapa bagian buku ini merupakan hasil penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan penulis. Kelebihan buku ajar ini dibandingkan dengan buku ajar atau buku teks lain yang ada di pasaran , buku ini tidak hanya membahas teori tetapi juga langsung dari pengalaman penulis melalui penelitian dan pengabdian . Dengan hadirnya buku ajar ini diharapkan memberi manfaat bagi mahasiswa program studi ilmu hukum universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo yang mengikuti perkuliahan hukum lingkungan dan menambah referensi buku – buku yang ada sebelumnya
Buku Ajar English Pragmatics
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Mandarani Vidya , Fediyanto Niko
Published: April 2023

It is challenging to describe many communicative phenomena in daily conversation linguistically. Linguists investigate why we have language, how it functions, the limitations of linguistic variety, and how language evolves (Willemsen & Bøegh, 2019). Since the human language has various roles, functions, and qualities, humans can use language correctly—several forms of language, such as sound symbols that are arbitrary but have meaning. Now we are all encouraged to seek meaning and are fascinated by the definition of a new term. We are occasionally unclear about what message we should take from what we read or hear, and we are concerned about communicating our thoughts to others. We like jokes that use many interpretations of words or ambiguities in sentences to be hilarious. Commercial businesses invest significant time and money in naming items, developing slogans, and developing essential messages to the buying public.
Buku Ajar Manajemen Strategik Bank Syariah
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Latifah Fitri Nur , Maika Ruslianor
Published: April 2023

Puji syukur ke hadirat Allah SWT. Berkat rahmat dan hidaya-Nya, penulis dapat menyelesaikan buku Manajemen Strategik Bank Syariah. Shalawat serta salam semoga selalu terlimpah curahkan kepada Nabi besar Muhammad SAW. Dan pengikutnya yang senantiasa mengharapkan syafaatnya. Aamiin. Gagasan disusunnya buku ini adalah karena adanya mata kuliah Manajemen Strategik Bank Syariah di Program Studi Perbankan Syariah Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo (UMSIDA). Secara garis besar buku ini mengupas secara tuntas mengenai Manajemen Strategik di Bank Syariah sesuai dengan RPS yang telah ditetapkan di Program Studi Perbankan Syariah. Materi yang diuraikan dimulai dari Pengertian Bank Syariah, Tinjauan manajemen strategis bank syariah, Formulasi strategis Bank Syariah, Impelementasi pengendalian dan inovasi Strategis.
Buku Ajar Pengantar Teknik Tenaga Listrik
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Jamaaluddin Jamaaluddin , Anshory Izza , Sulistiyowati Indah , Ahfas A
Published: April 2023

Dengan ijin Allah SWT, penulis mengajukan proposal penulisan Buku ajar dengan judul Pengantar Teknik Tenaga Listrik. Buku ajar Teknik Tenaga Listrik ini perlu ditulis untuk membekali mahasiswa dalam mempelajari ilmu keteknikan Tenaga Listrik. Buku ini secara umum akan memberikan gambaran kepada Mahasiswa tentang dasar pembangkitan energi listrik, Teknik Pengubahan tegangan, Teknik Transmisi, Teknik Distribusi, Teknik Proteksi Tenaga Listrik, Sistem Pentanahan Tenaga Listrik dan Panel Tenaga Listrik(1).Penyampaian materi pada buku ajar ini sangat berkaitan dengan materi pada perkuliahan Perguruan Tinggi. Buku ajar ini memiliki kelebihan dari buku ajar yang sudah ada dikarenakan pembahasannya dilakukan secara Global menyeluruh sebagai bekal awal pada mahasiswa untuk terjun pada dunia industri. Masing – masing penjelasan secara Global menyeluruh itu dapat diperdalam dalam analisa dengan mempelajari buku yang sudah banyak dipasaran pada masing – masing bidang. Disamping itu juga dengan pembahasan yang sederhana akan lebih mudah dimengerti dan dipahami oleh para pembaca.
Machine Learning based Hybrid Intrusion Detection System for detecting Cross-layer DoS attacks in IoT
Authors: PAUL ADITI , Sinha Somnath , MISHRA SAUMYA
Published: April 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) is critically prone to Denial of Service attacks at multiple layers. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS), if designed carefully, can be able to detect these attacks effectively. In the proposed study, we develop a Hybrid IDS to detect Cross-Layer DoS attacks in IoT. The proposed system considerably reduces the false positive rate more than a single IDS. The IDS is designed by ensembling multiple machine learning techniques to avoid overfitting or underfitting. The Hybrid IDS works in two stages, with the first stage for detecting an occurrence of attack(Anomaly detection) followed by a second stage to classify the attack types(Signature of the episodes). The output of the first stage is Correctly Detected Samples (CDS) which are again tested by the second stage to get Correctly Classified Samples(CCS). Another unique aspect of the proposed study is generating the dataset for different attacks. Rather than using the existing dataset, we have developed a trace file in NetSim Simulator by designing an attack environment. At the same time, during the feature selection process, a novel and efficient technique is applied to select the best feature set along with the critical feature (CF). Simulation results show an accuracy of detecting CDS of up to 95% and CCS is up to 96% with a weighted average F1 score of up to 96%. The testing time of the proposed model is also considerably lower than individual models, which makes the system efficient and lightweight.
Diverse volcanism and crustal evolution on early Mars
Authors: Michalski Joseph , Rogers Andrea , Edwards Christopher , Cowart Aster , Xiao Long
Published: April 2023

The relatively well-preserved ancient crust of Mars provides a natural window into early planetary evolution not available on Earth due to sustained tectonic recycling and erosion on this planet. Mars has generally been considered a one-plate, basaltic planet though recent evidence suggests magmatic evolution resulting in felsic crust might have occurred sporadically1–6 and some structural data potentially support early forms of regional subduction7. Here we show multiple lines of evidence for diverse volcanism and complex volcanotectonics in the southern highlands of Mars within and around the Eridania basin. Infrared remote sensing reveals bimodal volcanism consisting of olivine-bearing basalts and voluminous, widespread dacitic (64-69% SiO2) volcanic deposits. The diverse igneous compositions are associated with an extraordinary number and morphological range of volcanic structures including domes, stratovolcanoes, calderas and pyroclastic shields. Tectonic escarpments of comparable morphology, length (100s-1000s of km) and height (1-3 km) to convergent tectonic boundaries on Earth are observed to overthrust hydrated crust in the Eridania region, including weathered ash8 and seafloor hydrothermal deposits9. Multiple lines of evidence point to a substantial, vigorous episode of volcanotectonics in the Eridania region (Terras Cimmeria and Sirenum) 3-4 billion years ago that could shed light on processes which operated on the early Earth, before a recognizable form of plate tectonics took hold on this planet c.a. 3 billion years ago10. The various environments associated with emergent volcanoes within and around the large (~2 x 105 km3) Eridania sea are analogous to all widely discussed scenarios for the origin of life for Earth11,12.
Quasicomplemented distributive nearlattices
Authors: Calomino Ismael
Published: April 2023

The aim of this paper is to introduce the quasicomplemented distributive nearlattices. We investigateα-filters and α-ideals in the class of quasicomplemented distributive nearlattices and some results on ideals-congruence-kernels. We also study the notion of Stone distributive nearlattice and give a characterization by means σ-filters.
Future distribution patterns of cuttlefishes under climate change
Authors: Guerreiro Miguel , Borges Francisco Oliveira , Santos Catarina Pereira , Rosa Rui
Published: April 2023

While most coastal communities are expected to have been negatively impacted by climate change, cephalopods have thrived with shifting ocean conditions. However, whilst benefitting from the same physiological flexibility that characterized cephalopods, cuttlefish remain bounded to specific locations by their particularly low vagility. To test the beneficial effects of climate change on cuttlefish, Species Distribution Models were applied on nine species of genus Sepia to assess distribution on present and different representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios (2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5; CMIP5) for the years 2050 and 2100. We show that projections of future cuttlefish distribution decrease relative to present model predictions. Harshest hit species, Sepia braggi, was observed to decline as much as 30.77% (from present 55.26% to 24.48% at RCP 8.5 in 2100), to Sepia officinalis with low maximum decrease of 1.64% (from present 59.62% to 57.98% at RCP 8.5 in 2100). Increases in habitat suitability occurred mostly at higher latitudes, while habitat decrease was predicted for the tropical regions and lower latitudinal limits of species distribution. Cuttlefish will not benefit from future changes in climate, as their habitats will decrease in suitability. If suitability of habitat translates into cuttlefish abundance, many coastal fishing communities in the global south will be affected by the future decreases in these fishing resources. Additionally, as potential “sea canaries” for coastal ecosystems, we may see many species and habitats from these systems affected by climate change, namely in tropical regions.
Pulmonary protective ventilation strategy accelerates recovery of patients with QT prolonged syndrome undergoing thoracic sympathectomy
Authors: Guangkui Lu , Li Zhenzhen , Huiying Zhang
Published: April 2023

BackgroundEndoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is a new surgical method for the treatment of QT prolonged syndrome (LQTs). ETS requires double lung ventilation and one-lung ventilation (OLV) switching, which results in long operation time and great trauma. Conventional ventilation is easy to cause alveolar volume injury and biological injury, and increase the incidence of perioperative pulmonary complications, which is contrary to the basic requirements of ERAS. To compare the effects of conventional ventilation and pulmonary protective strategy ventilation on ETS about surgical rehabilitation during and after operation.MethodsThe study is randomized and blinded. Eighty LQTs patients with ETS were randomly divided into conventional ventilation group (CV Group) and pulmonary protective ventilation strategy group (PV Group), 40 cases in each group. They were compared at 4 time points-before anesthesia induction (T0), OLV 15min (T1), OLV 45min (T2) and 24 hours after operation (T3).Respiratory mechanics parameters, inflammatory factors, arterial blood gas and related calculation indexes, pulmonary complications 24 hours after operation, PACU observation time and hospitalization days were observed.ResultsPV group achieved more stable respiratory mechanics parameters, lower expression of inflammatory factors, better oxygenation, lower postoperative 24-hour pulmonary complications, shorter PACU observation time and hospital stay.ConclusionThe application of lung protective ventilation strategy in ETS is more suitable to ERAS requirements, and its clinical application is safe and effective, which worth promotion.
Proteomic characteristics of cellular proteins from 16HBE cells with Coxsackievirus A10 infection by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling-based quantitative proteomics reveals the potential effect of HMGB1 on viral replication
Authors: Song Jie , Zhao Guifang , Li Hui , Yang Yan , Yu Yue , Hu Yunguang , Li Yadong , Li Jiang , Hu Yajie
Published: April 2023

Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is recognized as one of the most important pathogens associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in young children under 5 years of age worldwide, and it can lead to fatal neurological complications. However, available commercial vaccines fail to protect against CV-A10. Therefore, the study of new protein targets against CV-A10 highlight the urgent need for the development of vaccine-based strategies. Currently, advances in proteomics have enabled a comprehensive understanding of host-pathogen interactions in recent years. Here, to study CV-A10-host interaction, a global quantitative proteomic analysis could help uncover the molecular determinants of host cellular proteins and excavate key host proteins following CV-A10 infection. Through tandem mass tagging (TMT)-based mass spectrometry, it was found that a total of 6615 host proteins were quantified, with 293 proteins being differentially regulated. To ensure the validity and reliability of the proteomics data, 3 randomly selected proteins were verified by Western blot analysis, and the results were consistent with the TMT results. Further functional analysis showed that the up-regulated and down-regulated proteins were individually enriched in diverse biological activities and signaling pathways, such as metabolic process, biosynthetic process, AMPK signaling pathway, Neurotrophin signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, GABAergic synapse, and so on. Moreover, subsequent bioinformatics analysis further exhibited that these differentially expressed proteins contained distinct domains, localized in different subcellular components, and generated a complex network. Finally, it was also found that HMGB1 might be a key host factor to be involved in CV-A10 replication. In summary, our findings provided comprehensive insights into the proteomic profile during CV-A10 infection and added depth to our understanding of the relationship between CV-A10 and host cell, as well as also established a proteomic signature for this viral infection. Meanwhile, based on the effect of HMGB1 on CV-A10 replication, it might be regarded as a promising therapeutic target against CV-A10 infection.
The Hans Kai Trial: Study Protocol of a Mixed Methods Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating a Peer-led Health Promotion Program for Adults with or without Chronic Health Conditions
Authors: Cameranesi Margherita , Mackay Dylan , Mollard Rebecca , Balshaw Robert
Published: April 2023

Background. Recent research has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a significant increase in physical and mental health problems reported by adults worldwide, which may be addressed by peer-led interventions that focus on promoting health and reducing isolation or loneliness. To date, evaluation studies that have assessed the effectiveness of these programs have shown mixed results. The Hans Kai trial described here aims to evaluate the efficacy of the peer-led health promotion Hans Kai program in supporting the health and wellbeing of its participants and investigate the experiences of the Hans Kai participants and facilitators.Methods. This research will involve a mixed methods trial combining an experimental component with a qualitative component. The experimental component will involve a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an appropriate control group, randomization of participants to conditions, and a focus on the impact of the program on several health indicators. The qualitative component will investigate the experiences of program participants and facilitators to identify the main strengths and limitations of Hans Kai, uncover potential implementation issues, and elucidate the mechanisms through which the program works. The population of interest will include adults aged 18 + with or without chronic health conditions who are interested in taking control of their own health and improving their lifestyle. In the RCT, all outcomes of interest will be measured using a multi-method approach, involving self-report questionnaires and objective (direct) indicators. The qualitative component of the RCT will also involve a multi-method approach in which multiple qualitative data collection methods will be used to reach a deeper and more nuanced understanding of the program strengths, how the program works, and for which people it is more effective in promoting health and wellbeing. Adaptable components of the program will also be investigated and modified according to the feedback provided by the RCT participants.Discussion. The RCT findings will help support the further development and use of Hans Kai as well as other peer-led health promotion interventions.Trial Registration. United Stated Clinical Trial Registry Clinicaltrials.gov (registration# NCT03949725; Protocol version 2, June 22nd, 2022).
Chaos Detection Scheme for Multiple Variable Frequency Signals with Overlapping Frequencies
Authors: Chen Dawei , Shi Shuo , Gu Xuemai
Published: April 2023

As one of the most critical technology in signal detection, weak signal detection (WSD) has received a great deal of attention in many areas. Traditional methods perform well when the number of signal is single and the form of signal is simple, which are quite different from the situation in some real applications (e.g., the marine communication scenario). In this paper, we consider the problem of high-precision frequency detection of Multiple Variable-Frequency Signals with Overlapping frequencies (MVFS-O) in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenario, whose key point is how to detect the parameters (frequency range and frequency modulation rate (FMR)) of each signal. To solve the problem, a novel chaos detection scheme based on Duffing difference oscillator is proposed. In this scheme, the wide frequency detection range of the critical state is used to determine the frequency range of the signals quickly, and the Lyapunov Exponent is used to discriminate the output state of the system qualitatively. Furthermore, combining with the time points of the periodic state of the system, we can obtain the FMR of the corresponding signal by analyzing overlapping frequency ratio. Numerical results are provided to verify the practical effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Deep learning-based organ classification and transit time estimation for wireless capsule endoscopy
Authors: Park Jung-Hwan , Nam Seung-Joo , Kim Yoon , Lim Yun Jeong , Choi Hyun-Soo
Published: April 2023

Background Deep learning-based technologies are widely used in gastroenterology, especially for the lesion detections during endoscopic examination. However, there have been limited studies on the localization of wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE). We propose an algorithm for classifying organs and predicting gastric and small bowel transit time during WCE examination.Methods We collected WCE data from 126 patients, using PillCam™ SB3 (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) at two university-affiliated hospitals. The dataset consisted of 2,395,932 images. We developed a deep learning model that accurately classified organs (i.e., stomach, small bowel, and colon) from 44 train and 10 validation cases. Then we applied calibration using a Gaussian filter to enhance the accuracy of detecting organ boundaries. Lastly, we estimated the transit time of the capsule in the gastric and small bowel regions using a combination of a convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory designed to be aware of the sequence information of continuous videos. We evaluated our model’s performance with WCE videos from 72 patients.Results Our model demonstrated an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of over 95% for classifying each organ (stomach, small intestine, and colon) and 97.1% of overall accuracy and F1-score. In the estimation of gastric and small bowel transit time, the mean time difference between the ground truth and model prediction was 4.3 ± 9.7 minutes and 24.7 ± 33.8 minutes, respectively. The model’s gastric transit time predictions were within 15 minutes for 95.8% of the test data set (69/72).Conclusions Our proposed algorithm shows promising results in classifying the organs and estimating the gastric transit time for WCE, which has significant clinical implications.
Multiomic analysis of the anoikis genes in colon cancer based on bioinformatics
Authors: Hao Lu , Zhao Haoran , Zhang Yubao
Published: April 2023

Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors at present. It was relatively common in western developed countries, and has gradually become one of the common causes of cancer death in developing countries in recent years. With the development of imaging, endoscopic technology and early screening, the mortality rate of colon cancer has decreased significantly, but the prognosis of patients with colon cancer is still poor due to certain recurrence and metastasis risks. The latest research shows that the anoikis gene also has a certain regulatory role in colon cancer. Therefore, this paper studies the screening of related genes and their interaction with immune cells and drugs based on bioinformatics.
Computational Modeling for Structural Elements Analysis Using Cement Composites in 3D Printing
Authors: Nóbrega Anna Christinna Secundo Lopes , Junior Cleanto Carlos de Queiroz , de Souza Wendell Rossine Medeiros , Cabral Kleber Cavalcanti , Martinelli Antônio Eduardo
Published: April 2023

The construction industry has incorporated 3D printing as an innovative technology. However, there are still challenges involving the complexity of the necessary parameters, such as the geometric characteristics, strength and rigidity of the printed objects. In this way, this study proposes a new computational modeling for dimensioning 3D printed structures, based on the non-linear mechanical properties of the material, that consists of a numerical reproduction of an experimental test using finite elements, with time interval between layers of 11s. The results obtained revealed good agreement with those from experimental tests, and consolidated the theoretical formulation. The parametric analyses showed that the proposed model is an accurate tool to reveal the effects of printing speed on the construction process in terms of vertical normal stress, with maximum percentage variation between the models of 5.22%, and in terms of vertical displacements, with variations smaller than 1 mm in absolute values.
A cost-effective operation specifically for pernicious placenta previa:Uterine tone-preserving bladder dissociation(UTBD)
Authors: Yang Feng , Xiong Meng , Zhou Daju , Liu Xiaohua , Li Shiqiong , Wu Qingrong , Qin Fengjiang
Published: April 2023

Objective:Pernicious placenta previa (PPP) is a special type of placenta previa, which emphasizes that the placenta attaches to the scar of the uterus [1], and has a high risk of placenta adhesion, implantation and fatal bleeding.PPP requires cesarean section to terminate pregnancy, often endangers the life of the parturient due to excessive bleeding during operation. Therefore, how to take effective measures to reduce bleeding during operation is the key to reduce the rate of hysterectomy and mortality.In order to solve this problem, we propose to apply a new surgical method--uterine tone-preserving bladder dissociation(UTBD) in cesarean section to provide better hemostatic effect.
Methods:The retrospective study was conducted on malignant placenta previa treated in Chongqing University Fuling Hospital from January 2016 to September 2022.During cesarean section, the patients who used uterine tone-preserving bladder dissociation were defined as the study group, and the patients who did not use the method were defined as the control group.The intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion, operation time, hysterectomy, ICU occupancy rate and newborn birth of the two groups were counted.
Results: Total of 117 patients were screened out in this study, 54 of whom underwent cystectomy with uterine tension preservation during cesarean section, and 63 patients in the control group. During cesarean section, the use of bladder dissociation with preservation of uterine tension can significantly reduce intraoperative bleeding [700 (200~3800) vs 500 (300~2000)ml, p=0.001]; Blood transfusion volume significantly decreased [800 (100~3800) vs 600 (200~1200)ml, p=0.048], hysterectomy rate decreased (11.11% vs 0, p=0.033), and ICU occupancy rate decreased (14.29% vs 0, p=0.011). However, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of placental implantation (77.78% vs 85.19%, p=0.307), the probability of transfer to pediatrics (44.44% vs 39.62%, p=0.6) and the operation time[85 (43~290) vs 77.50 (40~160)min, p=0.082].
Conclusions:In the caesarean section of PPP patients, the use of uterine tone-preserving bladder distribution is simple to operate, can reduce intraoperative bleeding, maximize the retention of uterus, reduce the occupancy rate of ICU, improve the Apgar score of newborns, and does not increase the operation time. It is an effective and safe method targeting PPP.
Maximizing the extraction yield of plant gum exudate using response surface methodology and artificial neural networking and pharmacological characterization
Authors: Noureen Shazia , Noreen Sobia , Ghumman Shazia Akram , Al-Hussain Sami A , Hameed Huma , Anwar-Ul-Haq Muhammad , Irfan Ali , Batool Fozia , Hassan Muhammad Umair , Zaki Magdi E. A. , Aslam Samina
Published: April 2023

Prunus armeniaca gum is used as food additive and ethno medicinal purpose. Two empirical models RSM-CCD and ANN were used to search for optimized extraction parameters for gum extraction. A four-factor design was implemented for optimization of extraction process for maximum yield which was obtained under the optimized extraction parameter (temperature, pH, extraction time, and gum/water ratio). Micro and macro-elemental composition of gum was determined by using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Gum was evaluated for toxicological effect and pharmacological properties. The maximum predicted yield obtained by RSM and ANN was 30.44 and 30.70% which was very close to maximum experimental yield 30.23%. LIBS spectra confirmed the presence Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Sodium, Lithium, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Oxygen. Acute oral toxicity study showed that gum is non-toxic up to 2000 mg/Kg body weight in rabbits, accompanied by high cytotoxic effects of PAG against HepG2 and MCF-7cells by MTT assay. Overall, Aqueous solution of PAG showed various pharmacological activities with significant value of antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-nociceptive, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic activities. Thus, optimization of parameters using mathematical models can offer better prediction and estimations with enhanced pharmacological properties of extracted components.
Evaluation of a DNA-based screening method for people at high risk of developing diabetes in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Glenda Borbón , Andrea Arreguín
Published: April 2023

Aim: This paper seeks to evaluate the significance of screening measures such as DNA tests in patients at risk of developing diabetes mellitus.
Methods:Patients at of high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) for developing diabetes mellitus (DM) according to risk factors established by the American Diabetes Association were divided into two groups, HR and LR. Both groups underwent nutrigenetic (PPARG, SLC2A2, TCF7L2, FTO genes), HOMA-IR score, and medical history screening. 26 patients were in the HR group and 38 were in the LR group.
Results:The mean age of participants in HR group was 47 (± 8.37) and 43 years (± 10.57) in the LR group, 69% of participants were male and 53% were female, respectively. In both groups, the mean of body mass index (BMI) was 27.3 (± 3.86) kg/m2. The PPARG, SLC2A2, TCF7L2, FTO genes showed some variation between HR and LR groups, but none reached statistical significance.
Conclusion:High risk individuals had an increased DM risk up to 3.7 times based on genetic variants of TCF7L2. Participants with genetic changes had up to 2.7 times higher than average risk for developing insulin resistance, but no statistical significance was obtained.
Modeling the Scaling Properties of Human Mobility in Virtual Space
Authors: Wang Mingyan , Zeng An , Cui Xiaohua
Published: April 2023

People are increasingly involved in online activities. Online activities can be regarded as movements in virtual space, such as jumping from webpage to webpage while surfing online, switching channels while watching TV, and browsing commodities while shopping online, which can affect information propagation, innovation spread, social activities, etc. Most previous efforts have been devoted to modeling the scaling properties of human mobility in physical space. Few studies aim to establish a unified and integral model to understand the fundamental dynamics underlying human virtual mobility. In this paper, we study human mobility in virtual space empirically and theoretically based on two datasets involving TV watching and online shopping and attempt to answer three unsolved issues. First, human virtual mobility shares common features, supported by the fact that striking agreements appear in the scaling properties of both datasets. Second, there exists a universal rule governing an individual's choice in virtual mobility, which is distinct from that in the real world due to travel restrictions. Third, there exists a unified model incorporating the behavior rule unique to virtual space under the framework of Exploration and Preferential Return, which can be used to reproduce the scaling properties of virtual mobility. We reveal the mechanism behind human virtual mobility through consistent scaling properties and develop a corresponding dynamic model based on empirical data.
The determinants of depression among the urban elderly: A study based on the Seoul Aging Survey, Korea
Authors: Shon Changwoo , Kim Junghyun
Published: April 2023

Purpose This study examines factors including sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, digital competency, and living environment on depression among the elderly in Seoul, Korea.Methods Drawn from the 2022 Seoul Aging Survey, 3,010 Seoulites aged 65 and older were selected. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors that contribute to depression among the urban elderly. The model included variables such as socioeconomic status, health status and health behaviors, digital competency, and cultural factors.Results It was found that food insecurity (OR: 2.89, p < .01) and the experience of unmet healthcare needs (OR: 2.89, p < .05) in urban elderly increased the prevalence of depression. As digital competency decreased, there was a corresponding increase in the prevalence of depression (OR: 2.61, p < .001). Also, as an environmental factor, the elderly who did not use cultural facilities had a statistically significant increase in the risk of depression (OR: 2.07, p < .05).Conclusions Findings suggest cities need to make political and practical efforts to secure food and nutrition, access to medical services, cultural facilities and strengthen digital capabilities in order to prevent depression among the urban elderly.
Extracellular vesicles of the probiotic E. coli O83 activate innate immunity and prevent allergy in mice
Authors: Schabussova Irma , Schmid Anna , Razim Agnieszka , Wysmolek Magdalena , Kerekes Daniela , Haunstetter Melissa , Kohl Paul , Brazhnikov Georgii , Geisler Nora , Thaler Michael , Krčmářová Eliska , Šindelář Martin , Hrdý Jiří , Schmidt Katy , Nejsum Peter , Whitehead Bradley , Palmfeldt Johan , Schild Stefan , –Kanada Aleksandra Inić , Wiedermann Ursula
Published: April 2023

E. coli O83 (Colinfant Newborn) is a Gram-negative probiotic bacterium used in the clinic. When administered orally, it reduces allergic sensitisation but not allergic asthma. Intranasal administration may be more effective as it reaches the lungs directly. Gram-negative bacteria release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) to communicate with the environment. Here we investigate whether intranasally administered E. coli O83 OMVs (EcO83-OMVs) can reduce allergy in mice. EcO83-OMVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterised for their number, morphology (shape and size), composition (proteins and lipopolysaccharide), recognition by innate receptors (using transfected HEK293 cells) and immunomodulatory potential (in naïve splenocytes and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells). Their allergy-preventive effect was investigated in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. EcO83-OMVs are spherical nanoparticles with a size of about 110 nm. They contain lipopolysaccharide and protein cargo. We identified a total of 1120 proteins, 136 of which were enriched in OMVs compared to the parent bacteria. Proteins from the flagellum dominated. OMVs activated the pattern recognition receptors TLR2/4/5 as well as NOD1 and NOD2. EcO83-OMVs were internalised by epithelial cells and induced the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in splenocytes and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Intranasal administration of EcO83-OMVs inhibited airway hyperresponsiveness, decreased airway eosinophilia, Th2 cytokine production and mucus secretion. We show for the first time that intranasally administered OMVs from probiotic Gram-negative bacteria have an anti-allergic effect. Our study highlights the advantages of OMVs as a safe platform for the prophylactic treatment of allergies.
Do noncoding RNAs genes modulate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Omar Heba S. , Ahmed Osama , Gomaa Maha , Faruk Eman , Fouad Hanan , Safwat Miriam
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: The PI3K protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway has crucial roles in insulin signaling and other endocrine disorders. It is the purpose of this study to validate the association of PCOS with PI3K/AKT pathway target genes, miR486-5p, and miR483-5p as well as to evaluate the outcome of metformin on the pathogenesis of PCOS.
Methods: This case-controlled study included 3 subject groups: twenty healthy females (control group), twenty PCOS females before treatment, and twenty PCOS females treated with metformin at a dose (500 mg 3 times per day for three months). The following gene expressions were assessed by real-time PCR: PI3K, AKT, ERK, GLUT4, miR486-5p, and miR483-5p in the whole blood.
Result: There was a significant decrease in miR486-5p and miR483-5p in the PCOS group with a significant negative correlation between miR486-5p and PI3K and a significant negative correlation between miR483-5p and ERK. Metformin treatment resulted in significant elevation of the studied miRNAs, significant downregulation of PI3K/AKT target genes, and significant amelioration of the gonadotrophic hormonal imbalance and insulin resistance markers: fasting blood glucose, HBA1C, fasting insulin, and GLUT4 gene expression.
Conclusions: miRNA486 and miRNA483 downregulation may contribute to the etiology of PCOS, influence glucose metabolism, and result in IR in PCOS. Metformin's upregulation of those miRNAs affects glucose metabolism by controlling the expression of GLUT4, ameliorates PCOS-related insulin resistance, and improves PCOS-related hormonal imbalance by controlling the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
The Effect of Pumpkin Biscuits (Cucurbita moschata), Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) andMoringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera) on Hemoglobin Levels and Maternal Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) of Pregnant Women
Authors: Sudaryati Etti , Panjaitan Arifa Masyita , Nadeak Tienne Artha Ulina , Tobing Andi MT Lumban , Masthalina Herta , Keloko Alam Bakti
Published: April 2023

Background : The cause of the problem of anaemia is a lack of intake of nutrients. Efforts made by the government to overcome this include the Supplemental Feeding Programme. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of additional food for pregnant women in the form of biscuits modified with pumpkin, moringa leaves, and peanuts on increasing haemoglobin levels and the size of the upper arm circumference in pregnant women as an effort to prevent stunting.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study (quasi-experimental design) with a non-group pretest-posttest design, namely comparing haemoglobin levels and upper arm circumference of pregnant women before and after the intervention. The intervention given was giving biscuits modified from moringa leaf flour, peanuts and pumpkin flour as much as 60 g (6 pieces) every day to pregnant women. Results : Modified biscuits contain 269.1 kcal of energy, 4.9% protein, 13.1% fat, 27.72% carbohydrates, vitamin C: 70.2 mg, and vitamin A: 6.2 mg. The average Hb level of pregnant women after the intervention was 11.5 g/dL, compared to 10.9 g/dL before the intervention. The average size of the upper arm circumference of pregnant women has also increased from 26.8 cm to 27.8 cm.
Conclusion: The modified biscuits meet the requirements of SNI biscuits and meet the requirements for PMT for pregnant women. Giving biscuits increased the average hemoglobin level of pregnant women by 0.82 g/dL and the average size of the upper arm circumference by 1.0 cm and reduced the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women by 60%.
Geriatric Onset of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in a Patient with Comorbid Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Woods Joshua , Kiai Nakisa , Bangasan Rossano , Torrico Tyler
Published: April 2023

Background
An increasing number of adults over 60 years old are presenting with requests for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the prevalence of ADHD in older adults in geriatrics is unknown. Further, comorbid bipolar disorder and adult ADHD are likely underrecognized with many patients only receiving treatment for one of these conditions. The occurrence of bipolar disorder with geriatric onset ADHD is unknown.
Case Presentation
A 64-year-old Hispanic woman with a psychiatric history of bipolar I disorder (diagnosed in early adulthood) was diagnosed with geriatric onset ADHD, and able to be successfully managed on concurrent mood stabilizers and psychostimulant medication.
Conclusions
The findings of this case report emphasize the importance of appropriately recognizing and treating comorbid ADHD and bipolar disorder in any age group, including the geriatric population for which this occurrence appears to be very rare. Additionally, this case report demonstrates the safe utilization of psychostimulant medications in a geriatric patient with bipolar disorder without inducing a manic episode or other significant adverse reactions.
Genetic and environmental architecture of synesthesia and its association with the autism spectrum - A twin study
Authors: Neufeld Janina , Taylor Mark , Leeuwen Tessa van , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Lundström Sebastian , Larsson Henrik , Lichtenstein Paul , Bolte Sven
Published: April 2023

Synesthesia is a sensory phenomenon where external stimuli, such as music or letters, lead to additional sensations of, e.g., specific colors. Synesthesia aggregates in families and is more common in people on the autism spectrum compared to the general population.
We used classical twin design in order to assess the heritability of individual differences in synesthesia and the genetic and environmental contributions to their association with autistic traits.
Individual differences in synesthesia were estimated to be heritable and influenced by environmental factors not shared between twins. The autistic trait-domain of repetitive behaviors, restricted interests and attention to detail appeared to be driving the association between total autistic traits and synesthesia. The associations between individual differences in synesthesia and autistic traits was estimated to be mainly (>70%) under genetic influence.
In sum, synesthesia appears to be heritable and genetically linked to primarily non-social autistic trait domains.