bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maintenance Strategies and Failure‐Cost Model for Medical Equipment
Authors: Khalaf Abdelbaset , Djouani Karim , Hamam Yskandar , Alayli Yasser
Published: May 2014

This paper proposes a mathematical maintenance model that analyses the effect of maintenance on the survival probability of medical equipment based on maintenance history and age of the equipment. The proposed model is simulated in Scilab using real data extracted from maintenance history of anaesthesia machine from Draeger. The analysis using survival approach reveals that conducting preventive maintenance on the selected medical equipment had a positive impact on survival of equipment. The model is then used to analyse the cost of maintenance scenarios, and an appropriate scenario is proposed for anaesthesia machine. A new failure‐cost model is developed, which may be used to calculate the number of failures of equipment and the annual maintenance cost. The proposed models may be used as a planning tool for selecting maintenance strategies for various medical equipments. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A code offloading scheme for big‐data processing in android applications
Authors: Hung Shih‐Hao , Tzeng Tien‐Tzong , Wu Gyun‐De , Shieh Jeng‐Peng
Published: May 2014

Smart mobile devices and wireless networks are changing the way people execute applications and access information. In the meantime, more and more personal data are thus spread around different data silos in the Internet. One day, you will find that you may want to access your own data, but the service providers may not allow or the vendors do not provide any application for your need. It means your personal data are locked in by the service vendors. While the advances in the hardware/software technology of the smart mobile devices enable more complicated application than the user can image a couple of years ago, those devices still fall short of big storage, powerful computing and more battery capacity for better user experience. The user may expect a device with secure and unlimited storage for his personal data and run his application as he wishes without incurring more energy consumption. So far, no simple solutions have been proposed to enable compute cloud for code offloading Android application and trusted storage cloud for personal data. The work described in this paper enhances current Android application framework to address the aforementioned issues. We introduce the MobileFBP framework to augment the compute part for the Android device and propose to leverage the central storage part with personal data store, that is, PDS, for trusted usage. In addition to the design and implementation of the enhanced framework, our preliminary experimental results are illustrated as well. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Verbesserungsfaktoren zur Berücksichtigung höherfrequenter Hämmerverfahren beim Ermüdungsnachweis
Authors: Ummenhofer Thomas , Weidner Philipp
Published: May 2014

Zahlreiche Veröffentlichungen der letzten Jahre unterstreichen das Potenzial höherfrequenter Hämmerverfahren (HFH) zur Steigerung der Ermüdungsfestigkeit geschweißter Stahlbauteile. Auf Grundlage umfangreicher experimenteller Untersuchungen wurden verschiedene Bemessungsempfehlungen für durch HFH‐nachbehandelte Konstruktionsdetails entwickelt. Die meisten dieser Empfehlungen berücksichtigen die Anwendung von HFH beim Ermüdungsnachweis in Form von Verbesserungsfaktoren, durch die die Ermüdungsfestigkeit angehoben wird. Die derzeit verfügbaren Bemessungsempfehlungen basieren auf Ermüdungsversuchen an Serien mit Kleinprüfkörpern, von denen nur wenige eine größere Blechdicke als 15 mm aufwiesen. Dieser Beitrag rezensiert bestehende Bemessungsempfehlungen und erweitert das Bemessungsmodell von Marquis et al. auf Basis eigener Versuchsdaten zur Anwendung im Zusammenhang mit dem Eurocode. Es werden die Konstruktionsdetails Stumpfstoß, Längssteife und Quersteife betrachtet. Auf Grundlage der ausgewerteten Daten werden Verbesserungsfaktoren für axial beanspruchte Kerbdetails für ein Spannungsverhältnis von R = 0,1 gegeben.
Großmaßstäblicher Versuchsstand für zyklisch axial belastete Pfähle
Authors: Baeßler Matthias , Rücker Werner , Cuéllar Pablo , Georgi Steven , Karabeliov Krassimire
Published: May 2014

Offshore‐Pfähle in Mehrpfahlgründungsstrukturen wie Jacket‐Gründungen müssen nach der Rammung überwiegend zyklisch axialen Belastungen widerstehen. Die Abmessungen der Pfähle werden sowohl von der inneren Tragfähigkeit und dem Ermüdungsverhalten des Stahlquerschnittes als auch von der äußeren Tragfähigkeit und der Pfahl‐Boden‐Interaktion bestimmt. Aufgrund der großen Zahl von Pfahlgründungen, die für aktuelle und zukünftige Windparkprojekte benötigt werden, besteht ein dringender Bedarf, die Dimensionierung und die damit verbundenen Kosten des Einzelpfahles zu optimieren. Bezüglich der Pfahltragfähigkeit sind wichtige aktuelle Forschungsthemen eine mögliche Traglaststeigerung durch Anwachsen und die geeignete Abschätzung der zyklischen Degradation. Zur Untersuchung beider Effekte wurde eine großmaßstäbliche Versuchsanlage auf dem Testgelände BAM TTS in Horstwalde nahe Berlin errichtet. Auf diesem Versuchsfeld können große Stahlrohrammpfähle zyklisch druck‐ und zugbelastet werden. Zudem kann die Untersuchung von Alterungseffekten durch zeitlichen Versatz zwischen den Messkampagnen untersucht werden. Erste Ergebnisse zeigen einen Anstieg der Pfahltragfähigkeit bis zu ca. 60 % nach einer Standzeit von ca. 18 Monaten. Für die Degradation der Tragfähigkeit der zyklisch belasteten Pfähle zeigen die ersten vorläufigen Ergebnisse ein zum Teil unerwartetes Verhalten. Zusätzliche Untersuchungen werden derzeit zur weiteren Abklärung durchgeführt.
Grouted Connections von Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen
Authors: Schmidt Michael , Fehling Ekkehard , Braun Torsten
Published: May 2014

Für die Verbindung zwischen Windenergieanlage und Gründung haben sich im Offshore‐Bereich sogenannte Grouted Connections etabliert. Dabei wird der aus Montage‐ und Toleranzgründen erforderliche Ringspalt zwischen dem oder den Gründungspfählen und der aufgehenden Stahlkonstruktion mit einem hochfesten oder ultrahochfesten Beton (Grout) verfüllt. In Deutschland gibt es für den Bau solcher Anlagen bislang keine bauaufsichtlich zugelassenen technischen Regelwerke. Aus baurechtlichen Gründen ist deshalb eine sog. “Zustimmung im Einzelfall“ der jeweils zuständigen Baubehörde einzuholen. Sie basiert auf den Gutachten unabhängiger Experten und enthält stoffliche Anforderungen, Vorgaben für die Bemessung und qualitätssichernde Maßnahmen sowohl für die Vergussbetone als auch für die Bauausführung. Der Beitrag informiert über die formalen und inhaltlichen Aspekte der Zustimmung im Einzelfall, beschreibt wesentliche Materialaspekte und den Umfang der Qualitätssicherung.
Geotechnische Aspekte bei der Gründungsbemessung von Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen auf Monopfählen mit sehr großen Durchmessern
Authors: Kirsch Fabian , Richter Thomas , Coronel Maria
Published: May 2014

Die Bemessung von Stahlrohren als Monopfahlgründung von Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen (OWEA) basiert zu einem ganz wesentlichen Anteil auf der wirklichkeitsnahen Abbildung der Bettungsreaktion der überwiegend lateral‐zyklisch belasteten Pfähle. Dabei gilt es, sowohl die Bodenreaktion bei kleinen Dehnungen zur Abschätzung der dynamischen Steifigkeiten als auch die räumliche Wirkung des Erdwiderstandes zur Abschätzung der lateralen Tragfähigkeit korrekt abzubilden. Darüber hinaus muss berücksichtigt werden, wie die wechselnde Beanspruchung das Zweiphasengemisch aus Korngerüst und Porenwasser beeinflusst, um sowohl die akkumulierten Verformungen als auch die Standsicherheit mit ausreichender Genauigkeit zu erfassen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie die herkömmlichen, für Pfähle der aktuell zu planenden Abmessungen jedoch nicht ausreichenden Ansätze modifiziert werden müssen, um ein sicheres und wirtschaftliches Design zu ermöglichen.
Tuneable resolution as a systems biology approach for multi‐scale, multi‐compartment computational models
Authors: Kirschner Denise E. , Hunt C. Anthony , Marino Simeone , Fallahi‐Sichani Mohammad , Linderman Jennifer J.
Published: May 2014

The use of multi‐scale mathematical and computational models to study complex biological processes is becoming increasingly productive. Multi‐scale models span a range of spatial and/or temporal scales and can encompass multi‐compartment (e.g., multi‐organ) models. Modeling advances are enabling virtual experiments to explore and answer questions that are problematic to address in the wet‐lab. Wet‐lab experimental technologies now allow scientists to observe, measure, record, and analyze experiments focusing on different system aspects at a variety of biological scales. We need the technical ability to mirror that same flexibility in virtual experiments using multi‐scale models. Here we present a new approach, tuneable resolution, which can begin providing that flexibility. Tuneable resolution involves fine‐ or coarse‐graining existing multi‐scale models at the user's discretion, allowing adjustment of the level of resolution specific to a question, an experiment, or a scale of interest. Tuneable resolution expands options for revising and validating mechanistic multi‐scale models, can extend the longevity of multi‐scale models, and may increase computational efficiency. The tuneable resolution approach can be applied to many model types, including differential equation, agent‐based, and hybrid models. We demonstrate our tuneable resolution ideas with examples relevant to infectious disease modeling, illustrating key principles at work. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2014, 6:225–245. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1270

This article is categorized under:

Analytical and Computational Methods > Computational Methods

Analytical and Computational Methods > Dynamical Methods

Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models
Three Transition Metal(II) Coordination Polymers Constructed by a Semi‐rigid Bis‐pyridyl‐bis‐amide and Dicarboxylates Mixed Ligands: Assembly, Structures and Properties
Authors: Lin Hong‐Yan , Luan Jian , Wang Xiu‐Li , Liu Guo‐Cheng , Zhang Ju‐Wen
Published: May 2014

Three coordination polymers, namely [Co(BDC)(L)]·H2O (1), [Co(NPH)(L)]·H2O (2), and [Ni(NPH)(L)(H2O)3]·H2O (3) [H2BDC = 1, 3‐benzenedicarboxylic acid, H2NPH = 3‐nitrophthalic acid, L = N,N′‐bis(3‐pyridyl)‐terephthalamide] were hydrothermally synthesized by self‐assembly of cobalt/nickel chloride with a semi‐rigid bis‐pyridyl‐bis‐amide ligand and two aromatic dicarboxylic acids. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses revealed that complexes 1 and 2 are two‐dimensional (2D) coordination polymers containing a one‐dimensional (1D) ribbon‐like Co‐dicarboxylate chain and a 1D zigzag Co‐L chain. Although the coordination numbers of CoII ions and the coordination modes of two dicarboxylates are different in complexes 1 and 2, they have a similar 3, 5‐connected {42.67.8}{42.6} topology. In complex 3, the adjacent NiII ions are linked by L ligands to form a 1D polymeric chain, whereas the 1D chains does not extend into a higher‐dimensional structure due to the ligand NPH with monodentate coordination mode. The adjacent layers of complexes 1 and 2 and the adjacent chains of 3 are further linked by hydrogen bonding interactions to form 3D supramolecular networks. Moreover, the thermal stabilities, fluorescent properties, and photocatalytic activities of complexes 1–3 were studied.
Structural Implications of Spin, Charge, and Orbital Ordering in Rubidium Sesquioxide, Rb4O6
Authors: Sans Annette , Nuss Jürgen , Fecher Gerhard H. , Mühle Claus , Felser Claudia , Jansen Martin
Published: May 2014

Rb4O6 displays mixed valency on the anionic lattice and an open p‐shell electronic configuration. At ambient conditions, it exists in a disordered ground state structure, featuring three different potential ordering parameters related to phase transitions driven by charge, orbital and spin ordering. The possible paths of symmetry descent are analyzed by elaborating the respective group‐subgroup relations between space groups, including the implications that would result from magnetic ordering. Experimentally, a lower symmetry modification was discovered and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction [I$\bar{4}$, Z = 4, a = 8.688(6), c = 10.362(7) Å, R1 = 0.055, 787 independent reflections]. The symmetry reduction involved follows one branch of the Bärnighausen tree as predicted, I$\bar{4}$3d → I$\bar{4}$2d → I$\bar{4}$ convincing evidence was obtained for Rb4O6 undergoing charge and orbital ordering, along with respective structural order.
Das myofasziale Schmerzsyndrom
Authors: Gautschi R. , Böhni U.
Published: May 2014

Hintergrund

Schmerzen und/oder Funktionsstörungen, wie Schwäche oder Bewegungskontrollstörungen, sind häufig myofaszial verursacht. Das pathophysiologische Substrat myofaszialer Probleme sind myofasziale Triggerpunkte (mTrP) und reaktive Bindegewebsveränderungen. Typisch für myofaszialen Schmerzen ist, dass der Ort der Schmerzursache und der Ort der Schmerzwahrnehmung oft nicht an derselben Stelle liegen („referred pain“). Myofasziale Störungen können primär oder sekundär verursacht sein; häufig tragen sie wesentlich zu Reizsummationsproblemen bei. Im Prozess des „clinical reasoning“ ist zu erkunden, welchen Stellenwert mTrP und Faszienveränderungen für das konkret vorliegende Problem haben (z. B. primär, sekundär, Beitrag zur Reizsummation).

Methoden

Die kausale und nachhaltige Therapie myofaszialer Störungen behandelt je nach Notwendigkeit sowohl die kontraktilen Teile des Muskels (Kontrakturknoten) als auch die nichtkontraktilen Anteile (reaktive Bindegewebsveränderungen). Je nach vorliegender Situation müssen prädisponierende und aufrechterhaltende Faktoren erkannt und nach Möglichkeit in die Therapie mit einbezogen werden. Die Triggerpunkt-Therapie IMTT® (Interessengemeinschaft für Myofasziale Triggerpunkt-Therapie) umfasst manuelle Techniken und ggf. Dry Needling zur Deaktivierung des Störpotenzials der mTrP, Dehnen/Detonisieren und funktionelles Training bzw. Ergonomie.
FBG stress-sensibilized monitor for railway switch pole on-line monitoring
Authors: Li Weilai , Liu Jie , Pan Jianjun , Pang Jin , Lu Xiaoshan
Published: May 2014

The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology is used to dynamically monitor multiple parameters of railway switch machine poles, including time of movement, direction and quantity of loading and locking force, and states of loading resistance. This paper presents the design and implementation of a railway switch pole strain on-line monitoring system based on the FBG stress-sensibilized monitor for a Siemens S700K switch machine. The ring shape FBG strain gauge and stress-sensibilized methods significantly increased the monitoring sensitivity. Installing approaches adapted the harsh environment in the railway application. The monitoring results showed the high sensitivity and high reliability of this monitoring system. This application provides a long-term and on-line detecting method which could meet railway switch condition monitoring demands of more than 100,000 switch machines in the country.
Extracellular vesicle‐mediated transfer of long non‐coding RNA ROR modulates chemosensitivity in human hepatocellular cancer
Authors: Takahashi Kenji , Yan Irene K. , Kogure Takayuki , Haga Hiroaki , Patel Tushar
Published: May 2014

Hepatocellular cancers (HCC) are highly resistant to chemotherapy. TGFβ has been associated with chemoresistance in some human cancers but the mechanisms involved are unknown. We explored how TGFβ might contribute to altered responses to therapy by assessing the involvement and mechanistic contribution of extracellular vesicle long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) in mediating TGFβ‐dependent chemoresistance. TGFβ reduced the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib or doxorubicin and altered the release of both extracellular vesicles and of selected lncRNA within these vesicles. Amongst these, lincRNA‐ROR (linc‐ROR), a stress‐responsive lncRNA was highly expressed in HCC cells and enriched within extracellular vesicles derived from tumor cells. Incubation with HCC‐derived extracellular vesicles increased linc‐ROR expression and reduced chemotherapy‐induced cell death in recipient cells. Sorafenib increased linc‐ROR expression in both tumor cells and extracellular vesicles, whereas siRNA to linc‐ROR increased chemotherapy‐induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Tumor‐initiating cells that express CD133 have an increased resistance to therapy. TGFβ increased expression of CD133+ cells and colony growth in limiting dilution assays, both of which were attenuated by linc‐ROR knockdown. These data provide mechanistic insights into primary chemoresistance in HCC by showing that: (a) TGFβ selectively enriches linc‐RoR within extracellular vesicles, which has a potential role in intercellular signaling in response to TGFβ; (b) expression and enrichment of linc‐ROR during chemotherapeutic stress plays a functional role in chemoresistance; and (c) the effects of TGFβ on chemoresistance in HCC may involve linc‐RoR‐dependent effects on tumor‐initiating cells. These findings implicate extracellular vesicle lncRNA as mediators of the chemotherapeutic response, and support targeting linc‐ROR to enhance chemosensitivity in HCC.
Leukemia during pregnancy
Authors: Saleh AJM , Alhejazi Ayman , Ahmed Syed Osman , Mohareb Fahad Al , AlSharif Fahad , AlZahrani Hazza , Mohamed Said Yousuf , Rasheed Walid , AlDawsari Ghuzayel , Ibrahim Khalid , Ahmed Shad , Chebbo Wahiba , ElGohary Ghada , Almahayni Muhamad , Chaudhri Naeem , Aljurf Mahmoud
Published: May 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

There is limited information regarding the outcome of patients treated for leukemia during pregnancy. This study was performed on all cases of leukemia during pregnancy identified in our institution leukemia database.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

It is a retrospective study from our existing database. Thirty two cases were identified among the cohort of patients treated for acute and chronic leukemia between January 1991 and July 2003.

RESULTS:

Among the acute leukemia patients (n = 21), 10 patients (47.6%) received chemotherapy during pregnancy, seven had live birth and three had spontaneous abortion. No teratogenicity or congenital malformations or postnatal complication were reported. The remaining 11 (52.4%) were not given chemotherapy while pregnant; three patients presented after 34 weeks of gestation ending in normal live births and then received chemotherapy and eight patients had abortion before starting chemotherapy.Among the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients (n = 11), nine patients received hydroxyurea, one patient received alfa-interferon and one patient was treated with leukapheresis. Eight patients had normal live births and three patients had abortion. Out of the 32 patients, 18 patients (56.2%) subsequently underwent HLA matched sibling allogeneic stem cell transplantation, seven for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), two for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and nine for CML. After a median follow up of 16 years, five patients (15.6%) are alive in remission (one fromchemotherapy group and four from SCT group).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our report lends credence to the safety and feasibility of administering anti-leukemic therapy in acute and chronic leukemias during pregnancy although acute leukemia patients had possibly a poor long term outcome compared to non-pregnant patients.
Healthcare‐associated infections in gynecology and obstetrics at a university hospital in the Czech Republic
Authors: Gregor Miroslav , Paterová Pavla , Buchta Vladimír , Ketřánek Jan , Špaček Jiří
Published: May 2014

Objective

To determine the spectrum of etiology and the incidence of healthcare‐associated infections (HAIs) among gynecologic and obstetric patients.

Methods

In a descriptive survey, data were analyzed from in‐patients at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic, between January 2007 and December 2011.

Results

Among 21 937 patients treated during the study period, there were 189 (0.86%) cases of HAI. Gynecologic patients had a higher incidence of HAIs (1.31%) compared with pregnant women (0.60%). The incidence of HAI was 0.13% after laparoscopic surgery, 0.63% after a minor gynecologic intervention, and 3.73% after major surgery. Vaginal delivery (0.36%) represented a low risk of HAI. Compared with vaginal delivery, the incidence of HAI increased twofold for planned cesarean delivery (0.64%), and tenfold for emergency cesarean delivery (3.63%). The majority of causative microorganisms (72.7%) were susceptible to penicillin antibiotics. None of the patients died as a result of HAI.

Conclusion

The incidence of HAIs at a university hospital in the Czech Republic was very low. Antibiotic resistance was only a minor problem, and the incidence of multiresistant strains was rare.
Differentiation of atrial tachycardia from other long RP tachycardias by electrocardiographic characteristics
Authors: Yagishita Atsuhiko , Hachiya Hitoshi , Higuchi Koji , Nakamura Tomofumi , Sugiyama Koji , Tanaka Yasuaki , Sasano Tetsuo , Kawabata Mihoko , Isobe Mitsuaki , Hirao Kenzo
Published: May 2014

Background

The incidence and electrocardiographic characteristics of atrial tachycardia (AT) among long RP tachycardias have not been fully elucidated.

Methods and results

Thirty‐six patients with 37 long RP tachycardias were classified as having AT (n=23) or non‐AT (n=14). We analyzed the electrocardiographic features, including the ratio between the RP and PR intervals (RP/PR ratio), P‐wave morphology, and P‐wave duration. The RP/PR ratio was higher in AT than in non‐AT (2.01±0.54 vs. 1.57±0.24, P<0.001). A negative P wave in the inferior leads was less common in AT (4/23 vs. 13/14, P<0.01). The P‐wave duration was longer in AT than in non‐AT (105±13 ms vs. 84±10 ms, P<0.001). The fulfillment of any 2 of the following had a specificity and a positive predictive value of 100% for AT: RP/PR ratio of ≥1.65, absence of negative P wave in the inferior leads, or a P‐wave duration of >96 ms.

Conclusion

AT accounted for nearly two thirds of long RP tachycardias in this cohort. Electrocardiographic features, including the RP/PR ratio, polarity of the P wave, and P‐wave duration were useful in the differentiation of AT.
The Quantum Theory of Nonlinear Optics
Authors: Drummond Peter D. , Hillery Mark
Published: May 2014

Playing a prominent role in communications, quantum science and laser physics, quantum nonlinear optics is an increasingly important field. This book presents a self-contained treatment of field quantization and covers topics such as the canonical formalism for fields, phase-space representations and the encompassing problem of quantization of electrodynamics in linear and nonlinear media. Starting with a summary of classical nonlinear optics, it then explains in detail the calculation techniques for quantum nonlinear optical systems and their applications, quantum and classical noise sources in optical fibers and applications of nonlinear optics to quantum information science. Supplemented by end-of-chapter exercises and detailed examples of calculation techniques in different systems, this book is a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers in nonlinear optics, condensed matter physics, quantum information and atomic physics. A solid foundation in quantum mechanics and classical electrodynamics is assumed, but no prior knowledge of nonlinear optics is required.
Romantic Tragedies
Authors: Parker Reeve
Published: May 2014

Troubled politically and personally, Wordsworth and Coleridge turned in 1797 to the London stage. Their tragedies, The Borderers and Osorio, were set in medieval Britain and early modern Spain to avoid the Lord Chamberlain's censorship. Drury Lane rejected both, but fifteen years later Coleridge's revision, Remorse, had spectacular success there, inspiring Shelley's 1819 Roman tragedy, The Cenci, aimed for Covent Garden. Reeve Parker makes a striking case for the power of these intertwined works, written against British hostility to French republican liberties and Regency repression of home-grown agitation. Covertly, Remorse and The Cenci also turn against Wordsworth. Stressing the significance of subtly repeated imagery and resonances with Virgil, Shakespeare, Racine, Jean-François Ducis and Schiller, Parker's close readings, which are boldly imaginative and decidedly untoward, argue that at the heart of these tragedies lie powerful dramatic uncertainties driven by unstable passions - what he calls, adapting Coleridge's phrase for sorcery, 'dark employments'.
Law and Identity in Colonial South Asia
Authors: Sharafi Mitra
Published: May 2014

This book explores the legal culture of the Parsis, or Zoroastrians, an ethnoreligious community unusually invested in the colonial legal system of British India and Burma. Rather than trying to maintain collective autonomy and integrity by avoiding interaction with the state, the Parsis sank deep into the colonial legal system itself. From the late eighteenth century until India's independence in 1947, they became heavy users of colonial law, acting as lawyers, judges, litigants, lobbyists, and legislators. They de-Anglicized the law that governed them and enshrined in law their own distinctive models of the family and community by two routes: frequent intra-group litigation often managed by Parsi legal professionals in the areas of marriage, inheritance, religious trusts, and libel, and the creation of legislation that would become Parsi personal law. Other South Asian communities also turned to law, but none seems to have done so earlier or in more pronounced ways than the Parsis.
Text and Authority in the South African Nazaretha Church
Authors: Cabrita Joel
Published: May 2014

Text and Authority in the South African Nazaretha Church tells the story of one of the largest African churches in South Africa, Ibandla lamaNazaretha, or Church of the Nazaretha. Founded in 1910 by charismatic faith-healer Isaiah Shembe, the Nazaretha church, with over four million members, has become an influential social and political player in the region. Deeply influenced by a transnational evangelical literary culture, Nazaretha believers have patterned their lives upon the Christian Bible. They cast themselves as actors who enact scriptural drama upon African soil. But Nazaretha believers also believe the existing Christian Bible to be in need of updating and revision. For this reason, they have written further scriptures - a new 'Bible' - which testify to the miraculous work of their founding prophet, Shembe. Joel Cabrita's book charts the key role that these sacred texts play in making, breaking and contesting social power and authority, both within the church and more broadly in South African public life.
Writing Metamorphosis in the English Renaissance
Authors: Wiseman Susan
Published: May 2014

Taking Ovid's Metamorphoses as its starting point, this book analyses fantastic creatures including werewolves, bear-children and dragons in English literature from the Reformation to the late seventeenth century. Susan Wiseman tracks the idea of transformation through classical, literary, sacred, physiological, folkloric and ethnographic texts. Under modern disciplinary protocols these areas of writing are kept apart, but this study shows that in the Renaissance they were woven together by shared resources, frames of knowledge and readers. Drawing on a rich collection of critical and historical studies and key philosophical texts including Descartes' Meditations, Wiseman outlines the importance of metamorphosis as a significant literary mode. Her examples range from canonical literature, including Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream and The Tempest, to Thomas Browne on dragons, together with popular material, arguing that the seventeenth century is marked by concentration on the potential of the human, and the world, to change or be changed.
YIVO and the Making of Modern Jewish Culture
Authors: Kuznitz Cecile Esther
Published: May 2014

This book is the first history of YIVO, the original center for Yiddish scholarship. Founded by a group of Eastern European intellectuals after World War I, YIVO became both the apex of secular Yiddish culture and the premier institution of Diaspora Nationalism, which fought for Jewish rights throughout the world at a time of rising anti-Semitism. From its headquarters in Vilna, Lithuania, YIVO tried to balance scholarly objectivity with its commitment to the Jewish masses. Using newly recovered documents that were believed destroyed by Hitler and Stalin, Cecile Esther Kuznitz tells for the first time the compelling story of how these scholars built a world-renowned institution despite dire poverty and anti-Semitism. She raises new questions about the relationship between Jewish cultural and political work and analyzes how nationalism arises outside of state power.
Religion, Race, and the Making of Confederate Kentucky, 1830–1880
Authors: Harlow Luke E.
Published: May 2014

This book sheds new light on the role of religion in the nineteenth-century slavery debates. In it, Luke E. Harlow argues that ongoing conflict over the meaning of Christian 'orthodoxy' constrained the political and cultural horizons available for defenders and opponents of American slavery. The central locus of these debates was Kentucky, a border slave state with a long-standing antislavery presence. Although white Kentuckians famously cast themselves as moderates in the period and remained with the Union during the Civil War, their religious values showed no moderation on the slavery question. When the war ultimately brought emancipation, white Kentuckians found themselves in lockstep with the rest of the Confederate South. Racist religion thus paved the way for the making of Kentucky's Confederate memory of the war, as well as a deeply entrenched white Democratic Party in the state.
Applied Optimization Methods for Wireless Networks
Authors: Hou Y. Thomas , Shi Yi , Sherali Hanif D.
Published: May 2014

Written in a unique style, this book is a valuable resource for faculty, graduate students, and researchers in the communications and networking area whose work interfaces with optimization. It teaches you how various optimization methods can be applied to solve complex problems in wireless networks. Each chapter reviews a specific optimization method and then demonstrates how to apply the theory in practice through a detailed case study taken from state-of-the-art research. You will learn various tips and step-by-step instructions for developing optimization models, reformulations, and transformations, particularly in the context of cross-layer optimization problems in wireless networks involving flow routing (network layer), scheduling (link layer), and power control (physical layer). Throughout, a combination of techniques from both operations research and computer science disciplines provides a holistic treatment of optimization methods and their applications. Each chapter includes homework exercises, with PowerPoint slides and a solutions manual for instructors available online.
Social Unrest and American Military Bases in Turkey and Germany since 1945
Authors: Holmes Amy Austin
Published: May 2014

Over the past century, the United States has created a global network of military bases. While the force structure offers protection to US allies, it maintains the threat of violence toward others, both creating and undermining security. Amy Austin Holmes argues that the relationship between the US military presence and the non-US citizens under its security umbrella is inherently contradictory. She suggests that while the host population may be fully enfranchised citizens of their own government, they are at the same time disenfranchised vis-à-vis the US presence. This study introduces the concept of the 'protectariat' as they are defined not by their relationship to the means of production, but rather by their relationship to the means of violence. Focusing on Germany and Turkey, Holmes finds remarkable parallels in the types of social protest that occurred in both countries, particularly non-violent civil disobedience, labor strikes of base workers, violent attacks and kidnappings, and opposition parties in the parliaments.
The Buik of the Croniclis of Scotland; or, A Metrical Version of the History of Hector Boece
Authors: Boece Hector
Published: May 2014

Hector Boece (c.1465–1536) was a Scottish humanist historian, educated in Dundee and Paris, where he became a friend of Erasmus. His Latin Scotorum historia, covering the period from 330 BCE until 1437, was published in 1527, and rapidly translated into French and Scots. It was continued by several authors, indicating that it was accepted as a definitive account of the formation of Scottish national identity, though, inevitably, many of the earlier parts rely on legend and tradition rather than on historical sources. Dedicated to James V, it is biased in favour of his ancestors, and, via Holinshed, was the source for Shakespeare's Macbeth. This verse translation was completed for James V by the courtier William Stewart in 1535, but not published until the Rolls Series edition by W. B. Turnbull in 1858. Volume 1 contains Books I–VI and covers wars with the Romans and Irish migration to Scotland.
The Buik of the Croniclis of Scotland; or, A Metrical Version of the History of Hector Boece
Authors: Boece Hector
Published: May 2014

Hector Boece (c.1465–1536) was a Scottish humanist historian, educated in Dundee and Paris, where he became a friend of Erasmus. His Scotorum historia, covering the period from 330 BCE until 1437, was published in 1527, and rapidly translated into French and Scots. It was continued by several authors, indicating that it was accepted as a definitive account of the formation of Scottish national identity, though, inevitably, many of the earlier parts rely on legend and tradition rather than on historical sources. Dedicated to James V, it is biased in favour of his ancestors, and, via Holinshed, was the source for Shakespeare's Macbeth. This verse translation was completed for James by the courtier William Stewart in 1535, but not published until the Rolls Series edition by W. B. Turnbull in 1858. Volume 3, on the period from Malcolm II to the death of James I, also contains an extensive glossary.
Literary Criticism from Plato to Postmodernism
Authors: Seaton James
Published: May 2014

This book offers a history of literary criticism from Plato to the present, arguing that this history can best be seen as a dialogue among three traditions - the Platonic, Neoplatonic, and the humanistic, originated by Aristotle. There are many histories of literary criticism, but this is the first to clarify our understanding of the many seemingly incommensurable approaches employed over the centuries by reference to the three traditions. Making its case by careful analyses of individual critics, the book argues for the relevance of the humanistic tradition in the twenty-first century and beyond.
The Finite-Difference Modelling of Earthquake Motions
Authors: Moczo Peter , Kristek Jozef , Gális Martin
Published: May 2014

Among all the numerical methods in seismology, the finite-difference (FD) technique provides the best balance of accuracy and computational efficiency. This book offers a comprehensive introduction to FD and its applications to earthquake motion. Using a systematic tutorial approach, the book requires only undergraduate degree-level mathematics and provides a user-friendly explanation of the relevant theory. It explains FD schemes for solving wave equations and elastodynamic equations of motion in heterogeneous media, and provides an introduction to the rheology of viscoelastic and elastoplastic media. It also presents an advanced FD time-domain method for efficient numerical simulations of earthquake ground motion in realistic complex models of local surface sedimentary structures. Accompanied by a suite of online resources to help put the theory into practice, this is a vital resource for professionals and academic researchers using numerical seismological techniques, and graduate students in earthquake seismology, computational and numerical modelling, and applied mathematics.
The Cook and Housewife's Manual
Authors: Johnstone Christian Isobel
Published: May 2014

Scottish writer Christian Isobel Johnstone (1781–1857) enjoyed a prolific career as a journalist and novelist. She established several periodicals with her second husband, and was the only female journalist to edit a major periodical until the 1860s. Written under the pseudonym Margaret Dods (the name of the landlady of the Cleikum Inn, in Scott's St Ronan's Well), the first edition of this housekeeping guide, published in 1826, contains not only recipes and cooking advice but also instructions for food preservation, as well as other useful domestic hints, and two pieces, probably by Scott himself, about the inauguration and the final meeting of the Cleikum Club. This second edition was published in 1827 and contains additions including a compendium of French cookery, an enhanced section on confectionery and a further 200 recipes. Several further editions were printed subsequently, providing Johnstone with a steady income for the rest of her life.
De gestis regum anglorum libri quinque: Historiae novellae libri tres
Authors: Malmesbury William of
Published: May 2014

Consciously modelling himself on the Venerable Bede, William of Malmesbury (c.1090–c.1142) was one of the most learned of all the medieval chroniclers. His monumental Gesta regum anglorum ('Deeds of the English Kings') is a model of historical scholarship, written in engaging, fluid Latin. It was first completed around 1125, but was later revised and extended. The first two books of the Gesta are an impressive demonstration of William's extensive bibliographic and antiquarian knowledge. In this first volume of a two-volume set, originally published between 1887 and 1889, editor William Stubbs (1825–1901) presents these first two books, which narrate events from the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons to the Battle of Hastings. Stubbs' own lengthy preface is a detailed examination of William's life and work, which sets his historical writings in the context of his time and credits him as the first truly systematic historian since Bede.
The Works of Sir William Jones
Authors: Jones William
Published: May 2014

A renowned Enlightenment polymath, Sir William Jones (1746–94) was a lawyer, translator and poet who wrote authoritatively on politics, comparative linguistics and oriental literature. Known initially for his Persian translations and political radicalism, Jones became further celebrated for his study and translation of ancient Sanskrit texts following his appointment to the supreme court in Calcutta in 1783. He spent the next eleven years introducing Europe to the mysticism and rationality of Hinduism through works such as his nine 'Hymns' to Hindu deities and his translation of the Sanskrit classic Sacontalá. Volume 7 of his thirteen-volume works, published in 1807, addresses Jones' significant jurisprudential work, containing his 'Charges' as a supreme court judge. It also contains Jones's most controversial work, his Institutes of Hindu Law (1794), a translation from Sanskrit which Jones considered his masterpiece, although postcolonial scholars argue that it cemented Britain's imperial control over India.
A Code of Gentoo Laws; or, Ordinations of the Pundits
Authors: Halhed Nathaniel Brassey
Published: May 2014

In the second half of the eighteenth century, the English philologist Nathaniel Brassey Halhed (1751–1830) was employed in India by the East India Company. There he was asked to translate into English the Hindu legal code, so that the British authorities could better understand native laws. The result was this accomplished work, first published in 1776, which served to correct Western misinterpretations of Hindu law, and to show that it was fully adequate for application in Bengal, and also the most appropriate system, as opposed to Western-style laws, in the region's cultural and religious milieu. In preparing it, Halhed sought advice from experienced native lawyers, who provided verifications of both the Persian version and its Sanskrit original. Accompanied by the translator's preface and a glossary, this extensive code remains of relevance to scholars of Indian law and history.
Principles of Discrete Time Mechanics
Authors: Jaroszkiewicz George
Published: May 2014

Could time be discrete on some unimaginably small scale? Exploring the idea in depth, this unique introduction to discrete time mechanics systematically builds the theory up from scratch, beginning with the historical, physical and mathematical background to the chronon hypothesis. Covering classical and quantum discrete time mechanics, this book presents all the tools needed to formulate and develop applications of discrete time mechanics in a number of areas, including spreadsheet mechanics, classical and quantum register mechanics, and classical and quantum mechanics and field theories. A consistent emphasis on contextuality and the observer-system relationship is maintained throughout.
The Auto-Biography of Goethe
Authors: Goethe Johann Wolfgang von
Published: May 2014

The playwright and critic John Oxenford (1812–77) had an acute aptitude for languages. Although he translated both Molière and Calderón into English, he specialised in German translations and set high standards, not least with his rendering of several works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832). Among the greatest literary figures of his day, Goethe combined considerable achievements as a poet, novelist and playwright with his diverse interests in natural science and politics. This two-volume translation of his autobiography first appeared in 1848–9. In Volume 2, Goethe recalls how he first arrived in the small city of Weimar, which grew into an important cultural centre, due in no small part to his extended residence there. Also included are letters from Switzerland along with notes from the time he spent in Italy during the 1880s. Goethe's Italian travels would be highly significant for his artistic development and outlook.
The Conflict of Studies
Authors: Todhunter Isaac
Published: May 2014

The nineteenth century was a time of great reform in education, with debate focusing on such questions as who should be educated, in what manner, and to what degree. Given the technical advances brought about by the Industrial Revolution, rigorous mathematical education was seen by many as essential. A mathematician, educator and examiner for the University of Cambridge, Isaac Todhunter (1820–84) was also known as a prolific and very successful author of mathematics textbooks. In his day, he was considered an influential, albeit somewhat conservative, figure in mathematical education. In these six essays, first published in 1873, he discusses topics raised by the reform movement (for which he had little sympathy), such as the examination system, teaching methods and materials. Born of Todhunter's vast experience in the field, this work reflects an insider's perspective and remains relevant to students and scholars interested in the history of mathematics teaching and the University of Cambridge.
Everyday Violence in the Irish Civil War
Authors: Clark Gemma
Published: May 2014

Everyday Violence in the Irish Civil War presents an innovative study of violence perpetrated by and against non-combatants during the Irish Civil War, 1922–3. Drawing from victim accounts of wartime injury as recorded in compensation claims, Dr Gemma Clark sheds new light on hundreds of previously neglected episodes of violence and intimidation - ranging from arson, boycott and animal maiming to assault, murder and sexual violence - that transpired amongst soldiers, civilians and revolutionaries throughout the period of conflict. The author shows us how these micro-level acts, particularly in the counties of Limerick, Tipperary and Waterford, served as an attempt to persecute and purge religious and political minorities, and to force redistribution of land. Clark also assesses the international significance of the war, comparing the cruel yet arguably restrained violence that occurred in Ireland with the brutality unleashed in other European conflict zones.
Aristophanes' Thesmophoriazusae
Authors: Clements Ashley
Published: May 2014

Aristophanes' comic masterpiece Thesmophoriazusae has long been recognized amongst the plays of Old Comedy for its deconstruction of tragic theatricality. This book reveals that this deconstruction is grounded not simply in Aristophanes' wider engagement with tragic realism. Rather, it demonstrates that from its outset Aristophanes' play draws upon Parmenides' philosophical revelations concerning reality and illusion, employing Eleatic strictures and imagery to philosophize the theatrical situation, criticize Aristophanes' poetic rival Euripides as promulgator of harmful deceptions, expose the dangerous complicity of Athenian theatre audiences in tragic illusion, and articulate political advice to an audience negotiating a period of political turmoil characterized by deception and uncertainty (the months before the oligarchic coup of 411 BC). The book thereby restores Thesmophoriazusae to its proper status as a philosophical comedy and reveals hitherto unrecognized evidence of Aristophanes' political use of Eleatic ideas during the late fifth century BC.
Convent Music and Politics in Eighteenth-Century Vienna
Authors: Page Janet K.
Published: May 2014

Janet Page explores the interaction of music and piety, court and church, as seen through the relationship between the Habsburg court and Vienna's convents. For a period of some twenty-five years, encompassing the end of the reign of Emperor Leopold I and that of his elder son, Joseph I, the court's emphasis on piety and music meshed perfectly with the musical practices of Viennese convents. This mutually beneficial association disintegrated during the eighteenth century, and the changing relationship of court and convents reveals something of the complex connections among the Habsburg court, the Roman Catholic Church, and Viennese society. Identifying and discussing many musical works performed in convents, including oratorios, plays with music, feste teatrali, sepolcri, and other church music, Page reveals a golden age of convent music in Vienna and sheds light on the convents' surprising engagement with contemporary politics.
Effectiveness of Varenicline in Psychiatric Patients with Co-Morbid Polysubstance Dependence
Authors: Kim Jungjin , Kaul Prashant , Schwartz Thomas L. , Megna James
Published: May 2014

Introduction: Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) and mental health disorders (MHDs) have greater prevalence of smoking and suffer greater tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. Varenicline is the latest FDA-approved smoking-cessation agent and few studies have investigated the use of varenicline in this difficult-to-treat population.

Aims: This study examines the smoking cessation outcomes and tolerability of varenicline when used to help quit smoking in 16 patients enroled in both psychiatric and substance abuse programme.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 16 patient charts. Patient demographics, psychiatric disorder diagnoses, substance use history, dosing, side effects, number of cigarettes used pre/post varenicline use and the number of complete smoking cessation outcomes were tabulated.

Results: After varenicline intervention, 25% of those who completed treatment completely quit smoking. Thirty-one per cent were able to substantially cut back the amount that they smoked to one cigarette per day. The average reduction in cigarettes was 16 per day (64%), and all but one patient tolerated varenicline.

Conclusions: The authors observed reasonable clinical benefit when varenicline was used to help quit smoking in patients with comorbid SUDs and MHDs. Better-controlled future studies with larger sample sizes will help further determine clinical utility of varenicline in this difficult-to-treat nicotine-dependent population.