bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro assessment of the motion of equine proximal sesamoid bones relative to the third metacarpal bone under physiologic midstance loads
Authors: Shaffer Sarah K. , Sachs Natalia , Garcia Tanya C. , Fyhrie David P. , Stover Susan M.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

To assess the motion of the proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs) relative to the third metacarpal bone (MC3) of equine forelimbs during physiologic midstance loads.

SAMPLE

8 musculoskeletally normal forelimbs (7 right and 1 left) from 8 adult equine cadavers.

PROCEDURES

Each forelimb was harvested at the mid-radius level and mounted in a material testing system so the hoof could be moved in a dorsal direction while the radius and MC3 remained vertical. The PSBs were instrumented with 2 linear variable differential transformers to record movement between the 2 bones. The limb was sequentially loaded at a displacement rate of 5 mm/s from 500 N to each of 4 loads (1.8 [standing], 3.6 [walking], 4.5 [trotting], and 10.5 [galloping] kN), held at the designated load for 30 seconds while lateromedial radiographs were obtained, and then unloaded back to 500 N. The position of the PSBs relative to the transverse ridge of the MC3 condyle and angle of the metacarpophalangeal (fetlock) joint were measured on each radiograph.

RESULTS

The distal edge of the PSBs moved distal to the transverse ridge of the MC3 condyle at 10.5 kN (gallop) but not at lower loads. The palmar surfaces of the PSBs rotated away from each other during fetlock joint extension, and the amount of rotation increased with load.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

At loads consistent with a high-speed gallop, PSB translations may create an articular incongruity and abnormal bone stress distribution that contribute to focal subchondral bone lesions and PSB fracture in racehorses.
Evaluation of electrocardiographic repolarization parameters after administration of trimethoprim-sulfadiazine, detomidine, or their combination in horses
Authors: Trachsel Dagmar S. , Calloe Kirstine , Jørgensen Elin , Lunddahl Christine S. , Pedersen Philip J. , Kanters Jørgen K. , Klaerke Dan A. , Buhl Rikke
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether administration of trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (TMS), detomidine (DET), or TMS plus DET would be associated with changes in ECG repolarization parameters in horses.

ANIMALS

9 healthy adult horses.

PROCEDURES

Each horse received 4 treatments in a blinded, randomized, crossover study design as follows: TMS, 16 to 24 mg/kg, IV; DET, 0.015 to 0.02 mg/kg, IV; TMS plus DET; and saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Surface ECG traces were obtained over 24 hours, and repolarization parameters were measured at predefined time points after each treatment and compared with a 2-way ANOVA for repeated measures.

RESULTS

Heart rate–corrected QT intervals (QTc) were significantly increased after administration of DET (mean ± SD difference in QTc, 36.57 ± 23.07 milliseconds; increase of 7%) and TMS plus DET (44.96 ± 29.16 milliseconds; increase of 9%), compared with baseline (before treatment) values and values after administration of saline solution. Saline solution and TMS alone did not affect QTc.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Administration of DET or TMS plus DET was associated with a significant and possibly clinically relevant prolongation of QTc, with prolongation of 7% to 9%, a range that is considered as a risk factor for the development of cardiac arrhythmias in people. Results were unexpected because DET is considered to be a safe sedative for horses.
FUNGSI DAN BENTUK PENYAJIAN MANTRA DAN KATAMBUNG DALAM RITUAL BALIAN MIMBUL KULUK METU SUKU DAYAK NGAJU DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Nugroho Zulfikar Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Mantra dan katambung merupakan bunyi-bunyian yang terdapat dalam ritual balian mimbul kuluk metu suku Dayak Ngaju di Kota Palangka Raya. Masyarakat Dayak Ngaju meyakini bahwa ritual balian mimbul kuluk metu adalah wahana untuk menjaga keharmonisan alam semesta. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada dua hal, yaitu: (1) mengetahui fungsi dan (2) bentuk penyajian mantra dan katambung dalam ritual balian mimbul kuluk metu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang dipadukan dengan pendekatan etnomusikologis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat hubungan erat antara mantra-katambung dan ritual balian mimbul kuluk metu yang tercermin melalui fungsinya sebagai sarana ritual, persembahan simbolis, komunikasi vertikal, dan sarana integrasi masyarakat. Hubungan kompleksitas tersebut turut tergambarkan melalui bentuk penyajiannya yang meliputi struktur pertunjukan, aspek musikal, dan aspek non musikal. Struktur pertunjukan meliputi tiga tahapan, yaitu: tandak, mantra dan katambung, serta katambung mengiringi prosesi penanaman kepala kerbau (mimbul kuluk metu). Aspek musikal meliputi melodi (ruang) dan ritme (waktu), dan aspek non musikal meliputi tempat, waktu, sesajen, benda ritual, pelaku, dan kostum.
Życie i twórczość Profesora doktora habilitowanego Stanisława Misztala
Authors: Zioło Zbigniew
Published: February 2021

Niniejszy tom Prac Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego, dotyczący problematyki kształtowania procesów transformacji przemysłu i usług w regionalnych i krajowych układach przestrzennych, pragniemy dedykować Panu Profesorowi doktorowi habilitowanemu Stanisławowi Misztalowi, współorganizatorowi i długoletniemu wiceprzewodniczącemu, a następnie przewodniczącemu Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego, jako dowód uznania i podziękowanie za Jego ogromy wkład w rozwój geografii przemysłu jako dyscypliny naukowej oraz długoletnią owocną działalność w Polskim Towarzystwie Geograficznym.
Rozwój przemysłu oraz usług na terenie Jelcza–Laskowic jako czynnik rozwoju społeczeństwa informacyjnego w mieście
Authors: Bałach-Frankiewicz Joanna
Published: February 2021

The community of Jelcz–Laskowice has been transformed from industrial society into informative society due to the rapid growth of electronic information and using communication and information technologies. This change is a very important element which ensures the quick and balanced socioeconomic development of the town.The aim of this research is to show the process of formation and functioning of the informative society in Jelcz–Laskowice. Some factors which have influenced formation and development of the informative society in the town are analyzed in this study. The author also characterizes the process of community transition from industrial to informative society. The citizens of Jelcz–Laskowice frequently use information technology not only at work, but also in private life. Having analyzed the society of Jelcz–Laskowice as an informative society, to study its formation the author used some selected rates. The research mainly focuses on the questions of accessing and using such technologies.
Kryzys finansowy a restrukturyzacja przedsiębiorstw w stanie upadłości
Authors: Bauer Kinga
Published: February 2021

Bankruptcy of enterprises is generally recognized as a negative phenomenon. In practice, the institution of bankruptcy aims at protecting interests of the market game participants. It eliminates from the market the enterprises which are not able to conduct their activities effectively. This way, it also protects other entities from establishing relationships with a company which is unable to rival its competitors. The article concerns problems of insolvent and bankrupt companies in the financial time crisis. It brings up theoretical and practical aspects of this issue. Some enterprises are not able to survive as before in the period of economic crisis. In 2009, the number of insolvent and bankrupt companies grew up rapidly. Restructuring can be a response to a crisis or major change in the business, such as insolvency and bankruptcy.The article focuses on the results of basic and scientific research conducted at the Law Court in Cracow at the Department of Insolvency and Bankruptcy.
Wielkość i struktura eksportu miarą konkurencyjności polskiego przemysłu
Authors: Wieloński Andrzej
Published: February 2021

In the years 2000–2008 the value of foreign direct investments (FDI) in Poland grew from 40, 300 million euro to 114, 600 million euro. The inflow of FDI was accompanied by the increase in export. In the years 2000–2008, its value increased from 30, 373 million euro to 118, 722 million euro, while the share of the enterprises with foreign capital in this export value jumped from 44% to 60%. Owing to the FDI, the passenger cars and trucks, buses, spark-ignition, parts and accessories for the motor vehicles, electro-mechanical domestic appliances, television reception appliances and monitors, classified as technology – intensive, became the primary export products of Poland.
Imigracje zagraniczne na stałe do Polski
Authors: Nowotnik Dariusz
Published: March 2021

W pierwszych latach po wstąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej, szczególne znaczenie miało zjawisko emigracji zarówno czasowej, jak i stałej z Polski do krajów Europy Zachodniej i Północnej o dużym natężeniu. Z biegiem lat ruch emigracyjny trochę osłabł na skutek światowego kryzysu gospodarczego przejawiającego się m.in. mniejszą liczbą miejsc pracy oraz zwolnieniami w krajach imigracyjnych pracowników o krótkim stażu pracy, czyli głównie imigrantów. Nie bez znaczenia był też fakt nieco mniejszego zapotrzebowania na pracę na rynkach zagranicznych, co było związane z tym, iż większość najbardziej zdeterminowanych Polaków wyjechała za granicę w pierwszych latach po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej. Zwiększyło się natomiast natężenie imigracji na stałe do Polski. Wpływ na to mógł mieć duży udział Polaków w strukturze imigracji do Polski. Imigranci przyjeżdżający do Polski na stałe pochodzili przede wszystkim z Wielkiej Brytanii, Niemiec i Irlandii, czyli głównych krajów docelowych polskiej emigracji poakcesyjnej. Do Polski licznie przyjeżdżano również ze Stanów Zjednoczonych i Kanady, krajów, w których mieszka duża liczba ludności polskiego pochodzenia. Pewna część imigrantów pochodziła także z państw słabiej rozwiniętych, w tym głównie z Wietnamu i Ukrainy. W artykule przedstawiono natężenie imigracji zagranicznej na stałe do Polski. Wskazano również pochodzenie imigrantów zagranicznych według wybranych krajów wcześniejszego zamieszkania. Dokonano charakterystyki imigrantów pod względem płci, wieku i stanu cywilnego. W pracy przedstawiono również rozmieszczenie przestrzenne imigrantów zagranicznych na stałe według gmin w Polsce w wybranych latach.
Struktura funkcjonalno-przestrzenna wybranych terenów przemysłowych Poznania
Authors: Staszewska Sylwia , Marcinowicz Daria
Published: March 2021

An analysis is provided of the spatial-functional structure of the area of Główna, Zawady, Gdyńska and Bałtycka streets in Poznań. This region of the city is unique. On the one hand, it contains particularly valuable architectural forms, often of historical and cultural merit, and several interesting natural-landscape features passing into historical structural wedges of urban greenery. On the other hand, however, there are also storehouses as well as manufacturing and service shops there, often side by side with residential housing. The area displays a mix of functions and building forms, a deteriorating state of repair of the buildings, a vandalised urban environment, and advancing processes of ageing and depreciation. The paper is concluded with a presentation of the measures devised to transform the area that have been outlined in the Study of determinants and directions of the spatial development of the city of Poznań and the authors’ own observations.
Determination of Drying Characteristics, Energy Consumption and Quality Values of Black Mulberry Fruit (Morus nigra L.) Dried Under Different Conditions
Authors: Taşova Muhammed , Polatcı Hakan , Yıldız Adil Koray
Published: February 2021

There are about 68 types of mulberry fruit with a wide ecological production area. Different mulberry species are grown in large fields in Turkey. Mulberries are largely dried-consumed, but sometimes they are used as fruit juice. In this study, black mulberry fruit was collected in two different ripening levels (semi-ripe and full-ripe) and oven-dried at 50, 60 and 70Â°C drying temperatures. Initial moisture contents of semi-ripe and full-ripe fruits were determined as 86.74% and 82.95%, respectively. Fruits were dried to have final moisture levels of 10-15%. Drying duration, drying models, effective diffusion, activation energy, specific energy consumption, color parameters and chemical properties of dried fruits were examined and the effect of ripening levels and drying temperatures were investigated. In terms of drying duration, while full-ripe fruits dried in a shorter time, effective diffusion, activation energy and specific energy consumption values were found to be higher than semi-ripe fruits. In terms of color parameters, semi-ripe fruits are recommended to be dried at 50 or 60Â°C drying temperatures and full-ripe fruits should be dried at 50Â°C drying temperature for better preservation of color parameters. On the other hand, a common proper drying temperature could not be identified for acidity (pH), water soluble dry matter and titratable acidity.
O ensino da produção de texto em perspectiva dialógica: implicações para o ensino fundamental I
Authors: Oliveira Antonio Flávio Ferreira de , Nascimento Ilderlândio Assis de Andrade , Da Silva Maria do Socorro Pereira
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho investiga a prática de ensino de produção de texto em perspectiva dialógica no Ensino Fundamental I. Mobiliza a filosofia do Círculo de Bakhtin, sobretudo Bakhtin (2011), Volóchinov (2013, 2017) e pontos de vista de Antunes (2003), Koch (2006), Marcuschi (2008) etc. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é bibliográfica e aponta para conceitos que fundamentam o ensino de produção textual. Como resultado, constatou-se que a prática de ensino-aprendizagem de escrita em perspectiva dialógica evidencia aspectos relacionados com o texto como instância material da orquestração de vozes sociais.
DAMPAK MANAJEMEN RISIKO PADA KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK UMUM KONVENSIONAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Widyastuti Hindarsih , Andriyani Kiki Afita , Leon Farah Margaretha
Published: February 2021

Abstract This study was conducted to examine the impact of risk management on the financial performance of conventional banks in Indonesia. Effective and efficient banking industry financial performance from time to time is highly expected to maintain banking financial stability itself and even the stability of a country. The increase in losses borne by banks as a result of inadequate risk management practices is a major concern of bank management and regulators. The data tested in this study is conventional bank data that listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2015-2019 period. Data analysis using Multiple Linear Regression Model. The results show that there is a significant relationship between market risk management (NIM), operational risk management (BOPO) and liquidity risk management (LDR) with bank financial performance (ROA). Meanwhile, credit risk management (NPL) has no effect on bank financial performance (ROA). For this reason, it can be said that adequate risk management practices as demonstrated by the ratio of interest rate risk, liquidity risk and operational risk are the main driving factors for profitability for the banking sector in Indonesia. Therefore, bank management must mobilize resources to understand a sound risk management system which in turn will have an impact on improving the bank's financial performance.Keywords: Conventional Banks, Risk Management, Financial Performance.
Control of Digitaria insularis resistant to glyphosate using a combination of herbicides in coffee farms
Authors: Borba Onofre Thiago , Carlos Onofre Luís , Teruel Rezende Tiago
Published: February 2021

Coffee has a significant economic, social, and cultural impact on Brazilian society, generating jobs for thousands of Brazilians. Good management practices such as weed control have direct and indirect benefits on coffee yield and quality. Currently, there is an increase in the infestation rate of Digitaria insularis in coffee plantations due to chemical resistance to glyphosate. In the literature, the study of the combination of glyphosate with different herbicides has been investigated, aiming at improving the efficiency of the control of Digitaria insularis. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of control of the Digitaria insularis in a coffee farm using a combination of glyphosate with clethodim and phenoxaprope-p-ethyl. Trials were conducted in a commercial coffee farm in southern Minas Gerais in a field with a two-year-old cultivar IAC Catuaí 144. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications, totaling 20 experimental plots. Thirty and ninety days after application, the plant numbers were counted and the visual analysis with the use of drones and the digital camera. The results show that the use of glyphosate alone was not efficient in the power of Digitaria insularis. The results show that the herbicide mixtures were efficient in the control.
Some Aspects of the Pantheistic Doctrine by I. G. Fichte
Authors: Lutsenko Victoria E.
Published: February 2021

The article deals with some aspects of the philosophical outlook of I. G. Fichte. It was possible to identify key aspects of the philosophical views of the thinker. By analyzing his philosophical positions, the conviction is growing that he was a major and original thinker, who in a new way comprehended important philosophical problems and had a significant impact on subsequent generations of philosophers. As a result, the article allows us to understand the place and significance of the German philosopher in the history of philosophy, his contribution to the development of critical philosophy after Kant.
Risk and Uncertainty in the Russian Model of Management
Authors: Diev Vladimir S.
Published: February 2021

The paperexamines the attitude to uncertainty and risk withinthe Russian model of management by A.P. Prokhorov. It is shown that the attitudeis determined by the dual nature of this model. The Russian managementsystem in itsmobilization phase easily copes with the uncertainty and allows risky decisions. In the stable phase, the Russian model rejects risk, and security, understood as maintaining the achieved state, becomes a priority. A risky situation is a type of uncertain one when the occurrence of possible events is probable and can be estimated. In this situation, it is possible to assess the likelihood of events resulting from the influence of the natural environment, the actions of partners, opponents, etc., which cannot be done in a situationof uncertainty, and this is thekey factor that distinguishes between risk and uncertainty. Wedefine risk as an integral indicator that combines assessments of both the probabilities of implementing a solution and the quantitative characteristics of its consequences. Thus, risk management presupposes, first of all, a conscious and rational choice. Since changing the national model of management takes a lot of time, wesuggest to try to change the attitude to risk in modern Russian organizations.
Normative Pluralism and Multinormativity
Authors: Karpovich Valentin N. , Shevchenko Alexander A.
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with the phenomenon of normative pluralism - that of several normative orders coexisting in various spheres of our life - law, morality, politics, etc. It shows the root causes of normative pluralism and the causes of its development and proliferation - both internal (overcoming legal and moral syncretism) and external (globalization and the related growth in the number of regulatory subjects). The authors offer a way of understanding and reconciling norms by building out of potentially conflicting norms a non-contradictory system without any normative collisions.
Por homens industriosos e previdentes: as discussões em torno dos usos dos recursos naturais no Ceará oitocentista
Authors: Silva José Felipe Oliveira da
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo analisa como os usos dos recursos naturais foram discutidos no Ceará do século XIX por meio das noções de previdência/imprevidência, racionalidade e industriosidade. Essas noções foram produzidas num momento em que ganhava força o embate entre a cultura de subsistência e formas de exploração capitalista da natureza. O uso racional dos recursos da terra tornara-se promissor para o desenvolvimento material. Nesse sentido, usos rudimentares, isto é, as queimadas e derrubadas de árvores foram alvo de intenso debate, pois eram vistas como barreiras ao progresso material da província/nação por meio da Ciência e dos usos racionais da natureza. Nessa perspectiva, nos propomos a estudar, a partir de textos produzidos no Ceará e no Brasil, de forma geral, como a ciência, a natureza e a técnica são articuladas na construção desse estigma moderno sobre a natureza.
Iatrogenias farmacológicas provocadas por medicamentos usados durante a Parada Cardiorrespiratória: revisão narrativa
Authors: Pereira Eliseba dos Santos , Lopes Luciano da Silva , Pereira Eliel dos Santos
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Apresentar as principais complicações das drogas utilizadas durante uma Parada Cardiorrespiratória (PCR) e as condutas de assistências advindas desse uso. Revisão Bibliográfica: A PCR constitui um dos maiores desafios para a equipe de profissionais de saúde no ambiente hospitalar. Vários procedimentos são realizados com o objetivo de manter as funções cardiorrespiratórias do paciente. Dentre estes importantes procedimentos estão sendo realizados a administração de medicamentos que contribui para o reestabelecimento das funções vitais do paciente. Dessa forma, torna-se importante que as propriedades farmacológicas desses medicamentos sejam conhecidas para que se possa entender os efeitos esperados e as iatrogenias ou complicações advindas desse uso. As drogas encontradas como úteis durante uma PCR foram a adrenalina, vasopressina, amiodarona, lidocaína e sulfato de magnésio. Todas essas substâncias apresentam características próprias quanto ao seu uso e possibilidade de provocar efeitos adversos, como problemas no sistema nervoso periférico e problemas cardiovasculares. Dentro do mesmo, foi ressaltado os procedimentos e cuidados que deve ter com paciente em PCR. Considerações Finais: A equipe de enfermagem precisa estar atenta para o conhecimento dessas complicações, assim como a sua identificação para que possa melhorar ainda mais a assistência dos pacientes com esta condição tão desafiadora que é a PCR.
Cefaleia do esforço, displasia fibromuscular do tronco braquiocefálico e hipoplasia das artérias carótidas comum, interna e externa à direita: um estudo de caso
Authors: Alves Talita Silva , Alves Tamyris Silva , De Oliveira Ricardo Soffiatti Mesquita , Miziara Lineu Domingos
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Relatar um caso original de cefaleia do esforço (CE), displasia fibromuscular (DFM), hipoplasia de carótidas e síndrome do roubo da subclávia em adulto jovem. Detalhamento de Caso: Em 2010, paciente, 26 anos, masculino, branco, passou a apresentar cefaleia, bifrontoparietal, de forte intensidade, latejante, preferindo deitar-se, acompanhada por foto e fonofobia, às vezes náuseas, com duração de 4 a 24 horas, que só acontecia algumas horas após o término de exercícios físicos, mas nunca durante os mesmos. Em 2017, o paciente apresentava exame físico normal, exceto por pulso radial diminuído à direita e pulso carotídeo abolido à direita. No doppler de carótidas e vertebrais, observaram-se alterações sugerindo roubo parcial da artéria subclávia direita. A arteriografia carotídea e vertebral bilateral revelou estenose irregular de 80% no terço proximal do tronco braquiocefálico, sugestiva de DFM, e, logo após, estenose de 60%, que se prolonga até as artérias carótidas comum, interna e externa à direita, com inversão do fluxo em artéria vertebral direita e tronco tireocervical. Ademais, evidenciou provável hipoplasia de artérias carótidas comum, interna e externa à direita. Considerações finais: Foi relatado um caso original, que merece atenção, pois não se pode dar certeza se a CE está relacionada às alterações vasculares.
Complicações da Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea Venoarterial no tratamento terminal da insuficiência cardíaca
Authors: Torres Ana Carolline Oliveira , De Lima Anna Carolyne Alves , De Souza Fernanda Marinho , De Araújo Letícia Nogueira Carvalho Costa , Rochemback Liliane , Couras Pedro Gabriel Matias , Reis Sara Oliveira , Gashti Sarah Menezes , Da Costa Tarsis Zaire Ferreira , Pina Glauco Kalil da Silva
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Identificar e descrever as complicações mais relevantes do suporte circulatório por meio da Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea venoarterial (ECMO-VA) no tratamento terminal da Insuficiência Cardíaca (IC). Revisão bibliográfica: IC é uma síndrome clínica caracterizada por um déficit estrutural ou funcional, que compromete a funcionalidade ventricular, resultando em um aporte inadequado nas necessidades metabólicas tissulares. Desse modo, o uso do suporte de Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea (ECMO) é indicado em cinco situações: ponte para recuperação, ponte para decisão, ponte para dispositivos de longa permanência, ponte para transplante e terapia de destino. Sendo assim, o suporte ECMO-VA é indicado para ofertar suporte cardíaco com função pulmonar conservada ou não. Além disso, durante a assistência do ECMO, ocorrem complicações secundárias ao tratamento que podem estar relacionadas ao quadro clínico do paciente ou ao dispositivo. Considerações finais: É notório que esse procedimento invasivo é uma das alternativas mais viáveis devido seus benefícios finais e resultados positivos na recuperação dos pacientes.
GAZİANTEP İLİ TIBBİ ATIK YÖNETİM SİSTEMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Doğanyiğit Rukiye
Published: February 2021

Üretim ve kullanım faaliyetleri sonucu ortaya çıkan, insan ve çevre sağlığına zarar verecek şekilde doğrudan veya dolaylı biçimde alıcı ortama verilmesi sakıncalı olan her türlü maddedir. Tıbbi atık kavramı ise, sağlık kurumları sebebiyle ortaya çıkan enfeksiyöz, patolojik ve kesici-delici atıkları ifade etmektedir.
Tıbbi atıklar; kamu ve özel hastaneler, klinikler, diş uygulama merkezleri, kan bağışı merkezleri, veteriner hastaneleri/klinikleri, tıbbi araştırma tesisleri ve laboratuvarlar gibi tesislerde üretilen tüm atık malzemelerdir. Bu tehlikeli atıkların üretildikleri andan başlamak üzere bertaraflarına kadar uygun bir şekilde yönetilmesi gerekir. Tıbbi atıkların yönetimi sağlık kuruluşlarının önemli sorumluluklarından biridir. Tıbbi atıkların kaynağında doğru bir şekilde ayrıştırılması, gereksiz atık yükünü azaltacağı gibi olası sağlık risklerinin önüne geçmek için de büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Bu çalışmada Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinin en önemli merkezlerinden biri olan Gaziantep ilinde tıbbi atıkların yönetimindeki mevcut durum, ilde bulunan hastane sayıları, oluşan tıbbi atık miktarları, özellikleri ve uygulanan tıbbi atık bertaraf yöntemlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Stability of two interacting entangled spins interacting with a thermal environment
Authors: Dehdashti S. , Harouni M. B. , Harsij Z. , Shen J. , Wang H. , Xu Z. , Mirza B. , Chen H.
Published: February 2021

We study the entanglement dynamics of two entangled spins coupled with a common environment consisting of a large number of harmonic oscillators. Specifically, we study the impacts of both interaction and temperature of the environment on the dynamic quantum correlation, namely, entanglement and quantum discord of two spins via concurrence and global quantum discord criteria. In the present system, we show that the interaction between the spin sub-systems and the common environment causes environmental states to approach a composition of even and odd coherent states, which have different phases, and which are entangled with the spin states. Moreover, using the thermofield approach, we demonstrate quantum correlation stabilization as a result of increasing environmental interaction as well as increasing temperature.
The Unruh effect interpreted as a quantum noise channel
Authors: Omkar S. , Srikanth R. , Banerjee Subhashish , Alok Ashutosh Kumar
Published: February 2021

We make use of the tools of quantum information theory to shed light on the Unruh effect. A modal qubit appears as if subjected to quantum noise that degrades quantum information, as observed in the accelerated reference frame. The Unruh effect experienced by a mode of a free Dirac field, as seen by a relativistically accelerated observer, is treated as a noise channel, which we term the Unruh channel. We characterize this channel by providing its operator-sum representation, and study various facets of quantum correlations, such as, Bell inequality violations, entanglement, teleportation and measurement-induced decoherence under the effect. We compare and contrast this channel from conventional noise due to environmental decoherence. We show that the Unruh effect produces an amplitude-damping-like channel, associated with zero temperature, even though the Unruh effect is associated with a non-zero temperature. Asymptotically, the Bloch sphere subjected to the channel does not converge to a point, as would be expected by fluctuation-dissipation arguments, but contracts by a finite factor. We construct for the Unruh effect the inverse channel, a non-completely-positive map, that formally reverses the effect, and offer some physical interpretation.
Nanostructured Si-C Composites As High-Capacity Anode Material For All-Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Poetke Stephanie , Hippauf Felix , Baasner Anne , Dörfler Susanne , Althues Holger , Kaskel Stefan
Published: February 2021

Silicon carbon void structures (Si-C) are attractive anode materials for Lithium-ion batteries to cope with the volume changes of silicon during cycling. In this study, Si-C with varying Si contents (28 ‑ 37 %) are evaluated in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) for the first time. The carbon matrix enables enhanced performance and lifetime of the Si-C composites compared to bare silicon nanoparticles in half-cells even at high loadings of up to 7.4 mAh cm-2. In full cells with nickel-rich NCM (LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2, 210 mAh g-1), kinetic limitations in the anode lead to a lowered voltage plateau compared to NCM half-cells. The solid electrolyte (Li6PS5Cl, 3 mS cm-1) does not penetrate the Si-C void structure resulting in less side reactions and higher initial coulombic efficiency compared to a liquid electrolyte (72.7 % vs. 31.0 %). Investigating the influence of balancing of full cells using 3-electrode ASSB cells revealed a higher delithiation of the cathode as a result of the higher cut-off voltage of the anode at high n/p ratios. During galvanostatic cycling, full cells with either a low or rather high overbalancing of the anode showed the highest capacity retention of up to 87.7 % after 50 cycles.
Barium Oxide Encapsulating Cobalt Nanoparticles Supported on Magnesium Oxide: Active Non-noble Metal Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis under Mild Reaction Condition
Authors: Sato Katsutoshi , Miyahara Shin-ichiro , Tsujimaru Kotoko , Wada Yuichiro , Toriyama Takaaki , Yamamoto Tomokazu , Matsumura Syo , Inazu Koji , Mohri Hirono , Iwasa Takeshi , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Nagaoka Katsutoshi
Published: February 2021

To realize a sustainable, carbon-free society, catalysts for the synthesis of ammonia using renewable energy under mild reaction conditions (<400 °C, <10 MPa) are needed. Ru-based catalysts are currently the most promising candidates; however, Ru is expensive and of low abundance. Here, we discovered that encapsulation of Co nanoparticles with BaO enhanced the ammonia synthesis activity of the Co, and that a simple Ba-doped Co/MgO catalyst pre-reduced at an unusually high temperature of 700 °C (Co@BaO/MgO-700red) showed outstanding ammonia synthesis activity. The ammonia synthesis rate (24.6 mmol gcat−1 h−1) and turnover frequency (0.255 s−1) of the catalyst at 350 °C and 1.0 MPa were 22 and 64 times higher, respectively, than those of the non-doped parent catalyst. At the same temperature but higher pressure (3.0 MPa), the ammonia synthesis rate was increased to 48.4 mmol gcat−1 h−1, which is higher than that of active Ru-based catalysts. Scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry investigations revealed that after reduction at 700 °C the Co nanoparticles had become encapsulated by a nano-fraction of BaO. The mechanism underlying the formation of this unique structure was considered to comprise reduction of oxidic Co to metallic Co, decomposition of BaCO3 to BaO, and migration of BaO to the Co nanoparticle surface. Spectroscopic and density-functional theory investigations revealed that adsorption of N2 on the Co atoms at the catalyst surface weakened the N2 triple bond to the strength of a double bond due to electron donation from the Ba atom of BaO via adjacent Co atoms; this weakening accelerated cleavage of the triple bond, which is the rate-determining step for ammonia synthesis.
Facile and Scalable Methodology for the Pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine of Remdesivir
Authors: Roy Sarabindu , Yadaw Ajay , Roy Subho , Sirasani Gopal , Armstrong Joseph D. , Gupton B. Frank , Senanayake Chris , Snead David
Published: February 2021

Pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine (1) is an important regulatory starting material in the production of Remdesivir (Veklury®). Compound 1 was produced through a newly developed synthetic methodology utilizing the simple building blocks pyrrole, chloramine and formamidine acetate by examining the mechanistic pathway for the process optimization exercise. Triazine 1 was obtained in 55% overall yield in a two-reactor operated process. This work describes the safety of the process, impurity profiles and control, and efforts towards the scale-up of triazine for the preparation of kilogram quantity.
A study to assess the predictive value of CRP in detecting type-II diabetes mellitus with nephropathy
Authors: Shashi Prabha Singh  , Pradeep Kumar  , Preeti Sharma  , Rakesh Sharma  , Manish Verma
Published: February 2021

To assess C reactive protein (CRP) in detecting type-II diabetes mellitus with nephropathy. Patients with a history of diabetes type 2 with nephropathy and patients with diabetes type 2 without nephropathy were included in the study. A total of 30 cases, both male and female, were recruited and compared with30 normal healthy adults. Each participant (age, gender, BMI, i.e. body mass index and WHR, i.e. waist-hip ratio) were recorded. CRP was measured by immunoturbidimetric method. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured by the CHOD-POD method, GPO-PAP method, and CHOD-POD/phosphotungstic method. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol and very low-density cholesterol were measured by Friedewald formula. Lipoprotein ratios ware also calculated. CRP was significantly (p=0.0001) higher among cases (12.60±3.30) compared to controls (5.47±4.29). CRP >9.5 correctly (efficacy) predicted DM2 with DN among 46.7% cases with sensitivity and specificity of 93.3 (95%CI=84.4-102.3) and 76.7 (95%CI=61.5-91.8) respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was also high (AUC=0.85, 95%CI=0.75-0.95). There was a poor correlation of CRP with lipid profile among DM-2 with DN. Linear regression analysis showed that lipid biomarkers such as HDL, LDL, VLDL & total cholestarol-to-HDL ratio as well as BMI and WHR were positive predictors of CRP after adjusted for age and sex. In turn, HDL, LDL, VLDL and TC to HDL ratio level were a negative predictive factor of CRP levels. The increase of 1 unit on HDL was associated with a reduction of 1.25 in CRP levels. However, all the predictors had no statistical significance (p>0.05). In this study, the level of CRP was higher among cases compared to controls. This study also found that CRP >9.5 had good sensitivity and specificity in predicting DM2 with DN.
Performance Improvement of Ber Based on Multipath Forward Error Correction Diversity in Wireless Communication Channels
Authors: Baheej Ahmad
Published: February 2021

The multipath phenomenon is a major factor that is continually affected negatively the performance of wireless communication systems. Since the receiver gets different copies of the transmitted signal from various paths at different times. Consequently, destructive or constructive interference can occur. Therefore, the performance of wireless communication systems is poor in term of bit error rate. This phenomenon can be taken as an advantage if the multiple – input – multiple – output antenna systems are employed at both transmitter and receiver sides (antenna diversity) to improve the bit error rate performance. This paper focuses on the combination of multipath forward error correction diversity technique with vertical-Bell laboratories layered space-time coding. This will lead to enhance the bit error rate in wireless communication systems. The proposed system used Rayleigh and additive white Gaussian noise as two different channel models. The multipath forward error correction diversity technique treats the multipath propagated signals as unessential copies, to utilise them to enhance the bit error rate limitation in the multiple – input – multiple – output systems. The simulation results showed that the performance of the proposed system can be gradually improved by increasing the number of utilised multipath signals in the multipath forward error correction diversity technique
STUDY GENETIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS STRAINS COLLECTED FROM URINE HARBORED DIFFERENT VIRULENCE PROFILES USING ERIC-PCR ASSAY
Authors: Alnakshabandi Wasan
Published: February 2021

Twenty five isolates of Enterococcus faecalis have been previously identified and characterized were subjected to ERIC-PCR analysis in order to study the genetic relationship with regarding to their virulence profile. Nine virulence profiles were identified according to the presence/ absence of five virulence factors; asa1,gelE, esp, cpd and ace. Most isolates (28%) were belonged to Virprofile1 asa1+,gelE+, esp+, cpd+,ace+ followed by Virprofile3asa1+,gelE-, esp+, cpd+,ace+ (20%), Virprofile4 asa1+,gelE+, esp-, cpd+,ace- accounting 16%, while virprofiles5 asa1+,gelE-,esp-,cpd+,ace+, virprofile6 asa1-,gelE+,esp+,cpd+,ace+ and virprofile8 asa1+,gelE-, esp+, cpd+,ace- representing 8%, virprofile2 asa1-,gelE-,esp-, cpd-, ace+, virprofile7 asa1+,gelE+, esp+, cpd+,ace- and virprofile9 asa1+,gelE+, esp-, cpd+,ace+ were 4%. ERIC-PCR analysis divided isolates into two main clusters named; cluster A accounting 28% which further classified into groups; 8% isolates were belonged to A1 and 20% were belonged to A2. Most isolates were belonged to cluster B accounting 72%. This cluster was involved two groups; six isolates (33.3%) were belonged to B1 while 66.6% of isolates were assigned as B2. However, no relationship was found between virulence profiles with phylogentic groups of the isolates.
IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI DESA MOJO KECAMATAN KALITIDU KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO SEBAGAI DESA WISATA BERDASARKAN COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM (CBT)
Authors: Sutedjo Agus
Published: February 2021

Desa Wisata Mojo terletak di Kecamatan Kalitidu Kabupaten Bojonegoro, dengan empat macam atraksi wisata didalamnya, ingin berusaha menarik wisatawan sebanyak-banyaknya. Sampai saat ini keinginan tersebut belum terwujud, jumlah wisatawan yang berkunjung di desa wisata Mojo sangat sedikit. Berkaitan dengan kondisi tersebut ingin diidentifikasi  potensi wisata Desa Wisata Mojo untuk  digunakan  sebagai modal pengembangan kepariwisataan berbasis masyarakat, meliputi daya tarik atraksi, aksesibilitas, sarana dan prasarana, SDM, motivasi mayarakat, kondisi fisik geografis, dan interaksi dengan objek wisata lain. Untuk mencapai hal itu digunakan pengunjung sebanyak 100 responden sebagai sampel penelitian. Selanjunya dilakukan wawancara untuk mengeathui daya tarik atraksi wisata susur sungai, petik blimbing dan edukasi pengolahan blimbing, serta kondisi tempat perkemahan, data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif.Wawancara terstruktur juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui motivasi dan SDM pengelola Desa Wisata Mojo. Untuk mengetahui kondisi fisik geografis dan interaksi antar objek wisata dilakukan observasi dan dokumenter, selanjutnya data yang dihasilkan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atraksi yang terdapat di Desa Wisata Mojo termasuk menarik,tingkat SDM pengelola termasuk sedang dan motivasi untuk mengembangkan desa wisata tergolong sedang. Sarana dan prasarana wisata yang ada secara kualitas maupun kuantitas termasuk belum memadai untuk pelayanan kepada wisatawan. Dengan lokasi wisata terdekat mempunyai interaksi yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi untuk menarik wisatawan dari wisata terdekat untuk berkunjung ke Desa Wisata Mojo. Beberapa kondisi fisik geografis menguntungkan untuk pengembangan kepariwisataan, namun juga terdapat faktor yang merugikan pengembangan yaitu banjir.       Kata Kunci:  atraksi, SDM, motivasi,  sarana prasarana, interaksi, kondisi fisik
MANFAAT PADANG LAMUN SEBAGAI PENYEIMBANG EKOSISTEM LAUT DI PULAU PRAMUKA, KEPULAUAN SERIBU
Authors: Jayanti Atika Ria
Published: February 2021

Keberadaan Padang Lamun di Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Manfaat Padang Lamun diantaranya adalah sebagai media untuk filtrasi atau menjernihkan perairan laut dangkal, dimana lamun berperan dalam menyaring debu-debu yang terdapat di permukaan air laut. Padang lamun berfungsi sebagai tempat tinggal berbagai biota laut, termasuk biota laut yang bernilai ekonomis, seperti ikan baronang/lingkis, ikan cendro, rajungan atau kepiting, teripang dan lain-lain. Keberadaan biota tersebut bermanfaat bagi manusia sebagai sumber bahan makanan. Manfaat lainnya yaitu sebagai tempat mencari makanan bagi berbagai macam biota laut, terutama ikan cendro dan penyu yang hampir punah, mengurangi besarnya energi gelombang di pantai dan berperan sebagai penstabil sedimen sehingga mampu mencegah erosi di pesisir pantai dan berperan dalam Berperan dalam mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim. Ekosistem lamun juga mempunyai peranan penting dalam menunjang kehidupan dan perkembangan jasad hidup di laut dangkal, Tetapi keberadaan padang  juga dapat rusak. Kerusakan padang lamun dapat disebabkan oleh faktor alam dan manusia. Sayangnya, keberadaan ekosistem padang lamun masih belum banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat umum maupun akademisi, jika dibandingkan dengan ekosistem lain seperti terumbu karang dan mangrove. Padang Lamun seringkali dianggap sebagai tanaman pengganggu, sehingga akhirnya diabaikan atau dimusnahkan. Namun dengan adanya Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu di Pulau Pramuka sebagai salah satu tempat konservasi padang lamun dapat mengedukasi masyarakat setempat dan masyarakat umum yang dating ke Pulau Pramuka sehingga pengetahuan masyarakat dapat bertambah dan keberadaan ekosistem Padang Lamun pun terjaga kelestariannya.
ANALISA FAKTOR PENENTU LOKASI PASAR SIDOTOPO WETAN
Authors: Magita Nastiti Sigra Dewi
Published: February 2021

Pasar dengan lokasi yang strategis akan mempengaruhi minat masyarakat untuk mengunjungi lokasi tersebut dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari. Adanya penentuan lokasi pasar bukan hanya menjadi keputusan dari pemerintah, akan tetapi juga keinginan dan pemangku kepentingan dari para pengelola dan pengguna pasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lokasi Pasar Sidotopo Wetan berdasarkan hasil kajian faktor lokasi penentu pasar. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah metodetheoritical analytic dan empirical analytic. Metode theoritical analytic menggunakankonstruksi teori untuk melandasi perumusan faktor-faktor pertimbangan dalam menentukanlokasi pasar berdasarkan teori-teori yang ada.Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan menggunakan Metode Analytical HeirarchyProcess dengan nilai Inconsistency 0.02, kriteria yang paling berpengaruh dalampenetuan lokasi Pasar Sidotopo Wetan adalah faktor sosial ekonomi. Kemudian yangmenjadi prioritas ke dua dalam penentuan lokasi pasar tersebut adalah sarana danprasarana yang tersedia, prioritas ketiga adalah kebijakan dan pemerintahan, sertaterakhir kondisi fisik wilayah
DAMPAK PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN SURAMADU TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH KABUPATEN BANGKALAN DITINJAU DARI TEORI HARROD-DOMAR DENGAN TEORI LOKASI WEBER
Authors: Habiby Fahmi Imamul
Published: February 2021

Pulau Madura memiliki kondisi masyarakat khususnya di Kabupaten Bangkalan kaitannya dengan masih tingginya tingkat kemiskinan dan ketertinggalan. Usaha yang dilakukan sehingga menggerakkan pertumbuhan dan pengembangan ekonomi dan meningkatkan lebih besar pendapatan yang diperoleh masyarakat di Kabupaten Bangkalan sehingga pengembangan wilayah yang ada di Kabupaten Bangkalan semakin berkembang dengan pesat. Pembangunan infrastuktur Jembatan Suramadu dilakukan oleh pemerintah pusat yang menghubungkan Kota Surabaya dengan Madura terutama di Bangkalan. Jembatan Suramadu diharapkan meningkatkan peran yang strategis untuk peningkatan potensi untuk peningkatan pertumbuhan dan pengembangan ekonomi seiring dengan meningkatnya pendapatan yang diterima masyarakat Bangkalan. Infrastruktur yang dibangun di Pulau Madura terutama di Bangkalan agar semakin berkembang dengan pesat. Dari segi perekonomian, sosial, dan lingkungan di Kabupaten Bangkalan memiliki dampak pembangunan Jembatan Suramadu terhadap pengembagan wilayah yang ada di Kabupaten Bangkalan dari segi perekonomian pendapatan dari masyarakat yang ada di Kabupaten Bangkalan meningkat, dari segi Sosial juga sekarang lapangan pekerjaan semakin bervariatif dan semakin banyak lapangan pekerjaan baru, dari segi lingkungan masih belum terlihat signifikan terjadi perubahan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah dan masyarakat sekitar dengan ditinjau dari teori lokasi menunjukkan pengembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Bangkalan mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan setiap tahunnya, dapat dilihat dari beberapa aspek wisata bukit Jaddih yang semakin ramai pengunjung, wisata religi seperti makam Syaichona Cholil semakin ramai pengunjung, dan banyaknya sentra Batik tulis sebagai oleh-oleh khas Bangkalan dan juga wisata kuliner seperti bebek Sinjay dan bebek Songkem yang semakin banyak peminatnya.
ANALISIS KETERSEDIAAN LAHAN UNTUK TEMPAT PEMAKAMAN UMUM (STUDI KASUS TEMPAT PEMAKAMAN UMUM SEMPER, KELURAHAN SEMPER TIMUR, KECAMATAN CILINCING, KOTA ADMINISTRASI JAKARTA UTARA)
Authors: Sudiro Divyana
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang Ketersediaan lahan untuk pemakaman di Tempat Pemakaman Umum (TPU) Semper dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat akan penggunaan lahan pemakaman. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan survei. Memperoleh informasi lain dengan menjadikan informan (narasumber) dalam pengumpulan data primer. Informan tersebut adalah Pengelola TPU Semper. Teknik analisis data yang menggunakan beberapa perhitungan terhadap ketersediaan lahan pemakaman yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif pada setiap poin pertanyaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TPU Semper memiliki tiga unit pemakaman yakni unit Islam, Kristen, dan Buddha. Dari jumlah Penduduk di Jakarta Utara berdasarkan ketiga agama tersebut ± 30.04% diprediksikan akan dimakamkan di TPU Semper. Faktanya ketersediaan lahan pemakaman yang tersisa hanya sebesar 15.660 m2. Bahwasanya dari luasan lahan yang tersedia hanya mampu menampung prediksi dari penduduk Jakarta Utara yang akan dimakamkan di TPU Semper hanya sebesar 4,5%, dengan menampung sejumlah 5.786 jenazah. Maka dalam hal ini TPU Semper akan mengalami krisis lahan pemakaman karena jumlah lahan yang tersedia tidak mampu mencukupi kebutuhan penduduk akan pemakaman. Prediksi masa pakai lahan untuk petak makam baru akan bertahan habis pakai ± 1 tahun lagi. Dalam hal ini pengelola mengupayakan adanya pemakaman tumpang susun jenazah, merencanakan adanya pembebasan lahan rawa, dan pembebasan lahan permukiman warga untuk mencukupi kebutuhan penduduk Jakarta Utara akan pemakaman.