bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Hematological Parameters of Children with Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis in Wasit Governorate
Authors: Hussein Noor Al-Huda Arkan , Al Moussaw Nisreen Habib
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate some hematological parameters in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children who are on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). It is characterized by its irreversibility. Deterioration of kidney function that gradually progresses to end-stage renal function illness. Over the past two decades, the incidence of CKD in children has increased Steady increase. The major health consequences of CKD include not only progression to kidney failure, but also increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
The study was conducted in the dialysis unit of Al-Zahraa Teaching Hospital in Wasit governorate and the Child Protection Teaching Hospital -Medical City in Baghdad. During the period from November 2023 to April 2024. This study aimed to examination of risk factors (height, weight, age, sex, inheritance of the disease in the family, medical history, symptoms of the disease, other diseases, treatment methods) for CKD in general. The biochemical effect was also studied and blood indicators for patients on HD and PD purpose. For the purpose of studying the hematological of patients undergoing dialysis and comparing those results with their values ​​in both HD and PD.
This study was done on (80) Iraqi children (30) of them suffering from kidney failure and (50) of them was healthy with age range (1 day -17) years old. HD was performed for 22 children with CKD, and PD was performed for 8 patients with CKD. This study involved dividing patients into three Groups according to the age at which the disease begins, from (1 day-5 years), (6-11) years and (12-17) years, included 15 females and 15 males. Samples were collected based on the incidence of CKD and type of treatment, as well as the diagnosis of all patients according to international standard by the physician.
The results of our study with regard to the hematological of patients undergoing PD showed a significant increase in the levels of (WBC) p ≤ 0.05 and also showed a significant decrease in the levels of (RBC, Hb, PCV, ESR) p ≤ 0.05. a non-significant increase in TSH levels p ≥ 0.05.
The results of our study with regard to the hematological parameters of patients on HD showed a significant increase in the levels of (ESR) p ≤ 0.05 and a significant decrease in the levels of (WBC, RBC, PCV, Hb) p ≤ 0.05.
Etiology Causes of the Chronic Diarrheal Infection in Children Aged Under Five Years in Salah Al-Din Government
Authors: Daham Mohammad Baraa
Published: September 2024

Diarrhea is a factor contributing to both death and illness among children below the age of five in poor nations. Childhood mortality from diarrhea surpasses that of malaria, HIV/AIDS, and measles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of diarrhea and its related determinants among children aged below five years. The study included collecting 100 stool from children with chronic diarrhea and some other intestinal disorders who came to the hospitals of Salah al-Din Governorate / Dhuluiya District and some private laboratories, whose ages ranged from one month to 36 months during the period between the beginning of December 2023 and the end of June 2024. Males had a higher frequency of diarrheal infection than females, and age groups (1-12)months were more infected than others (p-value< 0.05). Increasing bacterial and fungal illness in weight group (7-11) and cold in this age. Diarrhea from food contamination and unhealthy food increases in 2-6) and 7-11-kg children. As well as cold-induced diarrhea (2-6Kg), p>0.05. This study concluded bacterial infection more common cause of diarrheal infection than other cause, and male more infected than female. In addition increase incidence in age groups (months). Furthermore mixed infection with gram positive and negative more common than only gram positive and negative alone.
Resources Availability And Income Achievement: A Driving Force For Competitiveness Of Rice Farming Products In Tidal Land, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Adriani Dessy , Purbiyanti Erni , Novita Sari Serly , M Hunza  , Dini Damayanthy  , Merna Ayu Sulastri
Published: September 2024

The land conversion of rice farming could only be prevented by increasing farming competitiveness. The first step is to map the resource availability supporting paddy farming and income achievement. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze resource availability and income achievement to increase paddy business competitiveness. It used a survey method and observed two populations of farmers producing paddy seed and rice in Tanjung Lago and Rambutan Districts, Banyuasin Regency. Simple random sampling was adopted to determine 130 respondents from two populations, each with 65 rice and paddy seed farmers. The findings showed that resource availability supports farming in tidal land, though it is significantly higher for paddy seed than rice farmers. Regarding income achievements, paddy seed farmers also have higher R/C and B/C values than rice farmers. Income for rice farmers mainly comes from corn, rubber, and oil palm, while paddy seed farmers earn from their farming. This implies that the chance of land conversion into plantations and corn farming is greater for rice than for paddy seed farmers. When this happens on a large scale and in the long term, it impacts national rice production. Therefore, improved resource availability and better integration in production could sustainably increase paddy farming production in tidal land.
The Influence Of Attitude On Farmers' Decision-Making Process In Using Certified Quality Seeds In Hilly Areas
Authors: Wulandari Asih Sri , Kurniati Dewi , Maswadi Maswadi
Published: September 2024

The use of certified quality seeds is critical to increasing agricultural productivity. However, its use still needs to be improved in Bengkayang Regency, especially in hilly areas that pose unique challenges to agricultural practices. This study analyzed the influence of farmers' attitudes on their decision to use certified quality seed in the region. The research method used a mixed approach, combining descriptive analysis to collect data through a comprehensive questionnaire from farmers who have and have not used certified quality seeds. The sample consisted of 111 farmers in the Bengkayang district, representing a wide range of farming backgrounds and experiences. Fishbein's multi-attribute analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used for in-depth data analysis, which provided vital insights into the factors influencing farmers' decisions. The results showed that farmers positively evaluated several attributes of certified quality seed, indicating confidence in its reliability, yield potential, and relevance to local conditions. These positive attitudes are mainly driven by agricultural motivation, perceived economic benefits, and careful decision evaluation. It is important to note that effective, cognitive, and cognitive attitudes jointly influence farmers' decision-making in selecting certified quality seed, indicating the complexity of the adoption process involving emotional, rational, and behavioral aspects. The results of this study provide valuable information for rice farmers and policymakers at the government level to design effective strategies to increase the use of quality seeds. Recommendations are developing targeted extension programs, improving access to quality seeds, and implementing incentives to encourage wider adoption among farmers in Bengkayang Regency.
Technical Efficiency Of Rice Farming Around The Nickel Mining In Konawe Selatan District
Authors: Hasriati  , Ari Rustan , Harianti
Published: September 2024

South Konawe Regency has vast potential agricultural land, It can support the regional economy by supplying the food needs of the community and being a major player in trade across districts. In addition to providing food, the agricultural sector also serves as a market for goods produced by the industrial sector in rural communities and urban areas, a source of labor for industry, a source of capital for modern economic growth, particularly in its early stages, and a source of foreign exchange. Policy support is needed from the government in developing the agricultural sector considering the importance of synergy between the agricultural and mining sectors to minimize negative impacts in order to achieve economic balance so that it becomes the basis for local governments in taking appropriate policies to support the agricultural sector amidst mining activities. The purpose of this study is to examine lowland rice farming's technical effectiveness and production characteristics in the vicinity of South Konawe Regency's nickel mine. The data collected used primary and secondary data, with a total of 20 farmers as respondents. Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) was utilized to analyze the data. The findings of the study indicate that lowland rice farming is technically efficient when it is conducted near nickel mining and that the production elements that actually affect lowland rice farming include land area, labour force, urea and NPK fertilisers, and insecticides.
Feasibility Model Of Controlled Atmosphere Storage Implementation For Shallot Farmers In West Java
Authors: Herawati  , Muflikh Yanti Nuraeni , Rosiana Nia , Dewi Triana Gita
Published: September 2024

Smart postharvest technology in the form of Controlled Atmosphere Storage (CAS) is needed to increase the shelf life of shallot.  However, the application of CAS requires high investment costs related to the initial setup such as land, warehouse, CAS, and CAS supporting equipment. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the benefits and costs for farmers' welfare reflected by adding the amount of farming margin and income from other sources considering the time adjustment. This study aims to build a dynamic model for the application of CAS technology in shallot farming and evaluate its costs and benefits for farmers' welfare. The method used is the integration of cost and benefit analysis into a dynamic system model. The results showed that shallot farmers’ income is very sensitive to price changes and increasing storage costs. Hence, adopting CAS technology could mitigate some of these effects by reducing post-harvest losses and allowing farmers to store their production in favorable situations. Moreover, the CAS model showed that in the management level, CAS could be feasible (in terms of NPV, IRR, and Net B/C), if the storage cost is at least IDR 2.000/kg. According to the minimum profit limit for farmers, the maximum storage cost is IDR 1.500/kg, which makes the CAS unfeasible to run. The successful adoption of CAS is contingent upon substantial financial support from both private-sector investors and government entities. Therefore, the CAS technology is more appropriate for adoption by stakeholders in the food industry who require a consistent year-round supply of shallots.
Comprehensive Assessment of Drought Impact on Crop Yields Across Iowa Over Two Decades (2000-2022)
Authors: Islam S M Samiul , Mount Jerry , Demir Ibrahim
Published: September 2024

Corn and soybeans are pivotal crops in the U.S. agricultural landscape, providing essential vitamins and oils. These two crops dominate approximately 90% of crop production in Iowa. However, their yields are significantly impacted by recurrent drought conditions. A prolonged deficiency in soil moisture characterizes agricultural drought due to sustained precipitation shortfalls. This study aims to quantify widely utilized drought indicators and ascertain their relationships with corn and soybean yields from 2000 to 2022 to identify each crop's most reliable drought indices. The analysis encompasses meteorological and satellite-derived indices alongside crop yield data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). Indices evaluated in this study include the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Evaporative Demand Drought Index (EDDI), Crop Moisture Index (CMI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Our results demonstrate a positive correlation between soybean yields and long-term moisture indices such as SPI-6, SPI-12, SPEI-6, and SPEI-12, indicating these indices' potential utility in forecasting soybean productivity. Conversely, corn yields exhibit fewer regular patterns and are negatively correlated with EDDI, with higher EDDI values coinciding with reduced corn yields, reflecting heightened drought sensitivity. The study finds that soybeans exhibit better resilience to longer-term moisture indicators, whereas corn yields are more adversely affected by drought conditions. The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) shows a stronger correlation with soybean yields than with corn yields. The findings indicate that corn is generally more susceptible to drought than soybeans in the study region. These insights can inform decision-making for drought relief efforts, farm management strategies, and grain market planning, enabling stakeholders to address potential drought conditions proactively.
Neural Network Analysis of Psychological Data: A Step-by-Step Guide
Authors: Tong Lingbo , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: September 2024

Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are receiving more and more attention in the field of psychology. With the availability of software programs, the wide application of ANN becomes possible. However, without a firm understanding of the basics of the ANN, issues can easily arise. This paper presents a step-by-step guide for implementing a feed-forward neural network (FNN) on a psychological dataset to illustrate the critical steps in building, estimating, and interpreting a neural network model. We start with a concrete example of a basic 3-layer FNN, illustrating the core concepts, the matrix representation, and the whole optimization process. By adjusting parameters and changing the model structure, we examine their effects on model performance. Then, we introduce accessible methods for interpreting model results and making inferences. Through the guide, we hope to help researchers avoid common problems in applying neural network models, and machine learning methods in general.
Examining the impact of socioeconomic status and COVID-19 on Scientific literacy: A meta-analytic PISA analysis of the 2018 and 2022 cycles
Authors: Kastorff Tamara , Heine Jörg Henrik
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted academic performance, exacerbating disparities among students from lower socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. This study investigates SES´s influence on scientific literacy, essential for societal engagement in an increasingly science-driven world. Using linear models and meta-analytic techniques on 2018 and 2022 PISA data across 34 OECD countries (N = 438,688), results show a positive association between SES and scientific literacy (ß = .26 CI[.22, .28]). Additionally, a notable interaction effect between SES and the PISA cycle highlights potentially exacerbated educational disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic (ß = .06, CI[.03,.08]). The main novelty of the present paper lies in the combined analysis of two cross-sectional datasets from international large-scale assessments (LSA). The results (1) deepen our understanding of educational inequalities and the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) demonstrate a new method to study effects via a quasi-longitudinal analysis of combined cross-sectional LSA datasets, and (3) highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions to address SES-related inequalities in academic literacy.
Social influence effects on food valuation generalize based on conceptual similarity
Authors: Chene Oriane , fossati philippe , Weber Bernd , Plassmann Hilke , Koban Leonie
Published: September 2024

Opinions of others influence behavior and decision-making, with important consequences for health. An unaddressed question is whether and how social influence can generalize across different situations or decisions. From a learning perspective, generalization is the transfer of previously acquired information to new stimuli and can be based on both perceptual and conceptual similarity. Here, we test whether social influence generalizes to new choices based on shared conceptual features, such as the healthiness and tastiness of different food items. We conducted three studies (total N = 468), in which healthy participants rated how much they would like to eat different food items and were subsequently presented with the ratings of several other people (‘social ratings’). Unbeknownst to our participants, they were randomly assigned to social ratings that either reflected a mainly health-driven valuation of food items (‘health group’) or to social ratings that reflected a taste-driven valuation of food items (‘taste group’). The results in all three studies showed that participants’ food ratings became more influenced by healthiness in the ‘health group’ than in the ‘taste group’. In one study, these effects further transferred to food choices in a naturalistic supermarket task. Our findings provide first evidence of generalization of social influence effects based on inferred social health norms. Futures studies could test conceptual generalization of other types of social and non-social learning and characterize the brain mechanism underlying these effects.
Bereavement and maternal mental disorders during the perinatal period: a nationwide register-based study in Sweden
Authors: Zarchev Milan , dang.wei  , Valdimarsdottir Unnur A. , Laszlo Krisztina , Grootendorst Nina , Mulder Cornelis L , Brann Emma , Fang Fang , Kamperman Astrid Mariska , Lu Donghao
Published: September 2024

Importance: Perinatal mental disorders are common, yet few robust risk factors are known. Stressful life events such as loss of a close family member due to death could serve as potential clinical predictors for which mothers develop perinatal mental disorders. Objective: To examine the association between bereavement and the risk of first-onset perinatal mental disorders.Design: Nationwide register-based study.Setting: Swedish population and healthcare registers. Participants: Pregnant women who gave a birth during 2001-2021 with follow-up from conception up to a year after pregnancyExposure: Death of a family member (sibling, parent, partner or child) occurring any time before pregnancy and during the perinatal period, treated as a time-varying variable. Main Outcome and Measures: First-onset mental disorders diagnosed during the pregnancy and the year after birth were identified from registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) for any mental disorder and specific disorders were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: The study included 1,986,490 pregnancies in Sweden (1,097,126 mothers, mean age at conception [standard deviation] = 31.1 [5.0]). In total 276,252 (13.9%) mothers were exposed to family loss. Loss of a family member at any time before or during the perinatal period was associated with an increased risk of any perinatal mental disorder (hazard ratio [HR] and 95% confidence intervals: 1.44 [1.41, 1.48]), particularly if the loss occurred during the perinatal period (HR [95% CI]: 5.86 [5.62, 6.12]). Loss of a spouse and child yielded higher HRs, compared loss of a parent or a sibling. The strongest associations were observed for postpartum mental disorders in relation to stillbirth (HR [95% CI]: 25.97 [24.60, 27.42]) or multiple losses during the perinatal period (HR [95% CI]: 16.92 [13.72, 20.86]). Family loss during the perinatal period was most strongly associated with stress-related disorders (HR [95% CI]: 16.90 [16.10, 17.75]), but also with depressive, anxiety, and psychotic disorders.Conclusions and Relevance: Loss of a family member was associated with increased risks of first-onset perinatal mental disorders, particularly if the loss occurred during the perinatal period. Bereaved women may benefit from enhanced monitoring and screening for mental disorders during the perinatal period.
Rethinking Coping in Chronic Pain – A systematic review and dynamic interaction model of cognitive and behavioural factors
Authors: Blandhol Merethe , Lee Seoyoung , Ellingsen Dan-Mikael
Published: September 2024

Living with pain that persists over months or years can take a significant toll and requires the use of different strategies to manage the pain in everyday life. Yet how individuals cope with chronic pain and why some people show better functional outcomes is not clearly understood. Previous literature on coping has often focused on describing different coping strategies and their comparative effectiveness, often with the assumption that some are overall less adaptive than others. Existing theoretical models of coping often lack descriptions of how factors unfold over time and often assume relationships between factors remain stable. However, pain coping is not only influenced by continuously changing internal and external contextual factors, but by changing interactions as the process repeats over time. Moreover, the short- and long-term efficacy of different coping approaches depends on individual appraisal of the momentary coping process. In this review, we first systematically synthesise previously published theoretical frameworks that have conceptualised the coping process in health- related stress and pain. Then, we present the ‘Dynamic Interaction Model of Coping in Chronic Pain’ outlining how five central factors: 1) controllability, 2) predictability, 3) pain salience, 4) personal resources, and 5) motivation, interact in a dynamic coping process in chronic pain. The model outlines putative pathways of moment-to-moment and long-term adaptations to pain, and potential targets for intervention are discussed.
Configuration, not Content: A Network Perspective on Gendered Prototypes of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Feige Hanna , Luke Timothy John , Ask Karl
Published: September 2024

Research on perceptions of intimate partner violence (IPV) has primarily focused on heterosexual relationships with male perpetrators and female victims. The oversight of same-sex couples, and relationships with female abusers and male victims, has led to inconsistent findings in the literature. This incoherence might be explained by a lack of theoretical understanding of people’s beliefs and assumptions about IPV. Thus, this study aims to assess the structure of IPV prototypes of different binary victim-perpetrator gender combinations. Using a mixed-methods approach, a US- and UK-based sample (N = 161) gave open-ended responses on what they believe are common assumptions and beliefs about IPV scenarios. A psychometric network modeling approach was used to provide representations of the prototypes of the different IPV scenarios. Specifically, Gaussian graphical models of the responses were constructed, characterizing the correlations between the contents of participants’ responses. The findings show surprisingly strong global similarities between the prototypes, yet strikingly clear local differences in the domains of perpetrator, victim, relationship, and abuse.
Red Pill or Blue Pill? Selective Information Exposure and the Electoral Punishment of Corruption
Authors: Ares Macarena , Breitenstein Sofia , Hernández Enrique
Published: September 2024

Citizens are expected to hold corrupt politicians accountable. However, while observational studies and field experiments often find corrupt politicians re-elected, survey experiments show that citizens are unlikely to vote for corrupt candidates. This contradiction may arise because previous studies have not accounted for how citizens navigate political information in the real world. In this paper, we propose a model of corruption accountability that considers how citizens selectively engage with political information. We test this model using a PICA experimental design fielded in Spain. The results indicate that information selection can explain the limited consequences of corruption scandals, as not all citizens expose themselves to corruption information, and their likelihood to hold corrupt politicians accountable depends on their information preferences. These findings suggest corruption accountability may be increased not by informing those who select out of counter-attitudinal information, but by reaching inattentive citizens generally not exposed to political information.
Powell.pps: Close & Distant Reading of Primary Sources in Web Archives
Authors: Owens Trevor , Lee Benjamin Charles Germain , Estes Jonah
Published: September 2024

Colin Powell’s 2003 PowerPoint presentation to the U.N. Security Council on Iraq’s nuclear capabilities has been analyzed from multiple perspectives as a key moment in early 21st century history. Examining the presentation file and its traces in web archives provides an opportunity to develop approaches to working with web-based born-digital primary sources. Connecting work in platform studies with scholarship on web archives, this study provides additional context for understanding both the presentation and public policy communications at the turn of the 21st century, as well as context for developing and advancing historical research methods for working with web archives.
The Effect of Knowledge Sharing and Enrichment on Lecturer Innovation Performance in General Achmad Yani University
Authors: Pudjiantoro Tacbir Hendro , Anggoro Sigit , Destiani Dea
Published: September 2024

The annual evaluation carried out by LLDIKTI looked at the performance of lecturers in their regions, and it was revealed that some lecturers, especially lecturers at Jenderal Ahmad Yani University (UNJANI), still had difficulty fulfilling the tridharma duties of teaching, research and community service, which are important aspects of higher education. To consistently fulfill these obligations, lecturers are required to innovate. A study aimed at exploring how knowledge exchange and enrichment impact the innovative performance of UNJANI lecturers, collecting data through an online survey distributed to them. This research aims to understand the influence of knowledge sharing and enrichment on lecturer innovation, and its success is assessed through questionnaire analysis. These findings underscore the important positive correlation between knowledge sharing, enrichment, and increased innovative performance among UNJANI lecturers, indicating that encouraging these practices can increase the fulfillment of tri dharma obligations.
The gorovodu (kunde) cult in the ritual practices of the Ghana, Togo, Benin tribes
Authors: Medushevsky Nikolay Andreevich
Published: September 2024

This article is devoted to – the Gorovodu / Kunde cult, which is one of the widespread cults of Vodun in West Africa. It is grounded in the Vodun religious system. However, this order denotes peculiarities, including elements of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism and authentic interpretations. The study relies on the previous scientific realms of research, dated XX–XXI centuries. Comparative analysis is used for detailed description and generalization of anthropological materials, based on field research. Meanwhile, structural analysis, supplemented by the historical-genetic method, deploys the evolution of the cult and its practices. The research draws the following conclusions. Firstly, the emergence of the Gorovodu / Kunde cult was a form of adaptation to socio-cultural challenges. They implied the decline in the standard of living of the population, and the spread of epidemics and famine associated with colonization. Secondly, the negative consequences of colonization were interpreted as the result of the white people’s sorcery. Consequently, the resistance required new spiritual entities, borrowed from the more prosperous regions of the North. Finally, this led to the unique combination of Vodun religious and monotheistic religions elements, which continues developing these days.
Forming of ethnocultural competence of students of pedagogical specialties
Authors: Arestova Veronika Jur'evna
Published: September 2024

The increase in global interactions has caused a growth in the exchange of ideas, beliefs, and culture. These phenomena have also affected schools, so it is important to develop intercultural competence in teachers. The study involved students who studied in 2013–2018 at the Faculty of Psychology and Pedagogy of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I. Ya. Yakovlev. The study was conducted in three stages: 1) identifying the levels of the motivational and value component of intercultural competence; 2) organizing and conducting field research by students in order to form the cognitive-activity component of intercultural competence; 3) re-diagnostics of the motivational and value component. The main content of the article reveals the results of field research conducted by students of the pedagogical university under the supervision of the author in Chuvash, Russian, Tatar and Mordvin villages of the Chuvash Republic.
Потенциал загрязнения атмосферы на территории Республики Казахстан по данным реанализа ERA5 за 2021 год
Authors: Саспугаева Г.Е. , Актаева Г.С. , Жакен Ә.М. , Дузбаева Н.М. , Зандыбай А. , Дарибай А.О.
Published: September 2024

Рассчитан потенциал загрязнения атмосферы в пограничном слое атмосферы, по данным реанализа ERA5, и описан характер его распределения по территории Республики Казахстан, выявлены области наибольшей и наименьшей повторяемости условий формирования потенциала загрязнения атмосферы. Атмосфера считается практически неисчерпаемым ресурсом, обеспечивающим безопасные условия для населения и сохранения экосистем. Однако в результате хозяйственной деятельности человека в атмосфере появляется большое количество загрязняющих веществ, наиболее значительные изменения качества атмосферного воздуха наблюдаются в крупных городах. Исследование подчеркивает важное воздействие метеорологических параметров на концентрацию загрязняющих веществ в атмосфере, их перемещение и способность атмосферы к самоочищению. Были выполнены расчеты, направленные на определение климатического потенциала, что позволило выявить уровень самоочищения атмосферы на территории Республики Казахстан. В настоящее время механизм самоочищения не справляется с большим количеством загрязняющих веществ в атмосфере, впоследствии чего идет образование высоких концентраций примесей. Потенциал загрязнения атмосферы является одним из широко используемых методов для оценки способности атмосферы к самоочищению от загрязняющих веществ. Этот метод основан на расчете отношения средних уровней концентраций вредных веществ при фактических выбросах в определенном регионе к условным концентрациям.
FRACTAL DIMENSION OF STAR CLUSTERS
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Ussipov N.
Published: September 2024

Quantitative analysis of the structure of star clusters is crucial for understanding their formation and evolution. In this article, we explore the application of fractal dimension analysis to study the evolution of star clusters, also fractal dimension, a concept from fractal geometry, provides a quantitative measure of the complexity and self-similarity of geometric objects. By considering star clusters as complex networks, we employ the box covering method to calculate their fractal dimension. Our methodology combines the well-established Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) and Box-Covering (BC) methods and using these methods, the fractal structure of the clusters was determined. It was revealed that star clusters disintegrate at a fractal dimension of 1.3 and obey a power law. It should be noted that the obtained result was compared with the results of the McLuster.
RESIDUAL - STRESS AND TEMPERATURE FIELDS IN SURFACE TESTING: FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Authors:   Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan, Hasan N.
Published: September 2024

Numerous advancements have been made to treat part surfacing, however, the presence of surface imperfections resulting from finishing processes has raised concerns about their potential to serve as stress concentrators. To address this concern, the present study utilized the power of the finite element method and cutting-edge software applications. The main aim of the study is to evaluate the stress-strain condition of material surfaces post-finishing, leveraging the comprehensive capabilities offered by these software systems. A significant component of the investigation centered on the influence of non-stationary temperature fields, as monitored by dynamic thermoelements, on the stress-strain dynamics within material surfaces. Visualization techniques were employed to depict the specified field functions, revealing notable variations in temperature distribution. The findings demonstrated that the standard function identified the highest temperature area within the 3-7-4 node segment, while the alternative function pinpointed it within the 4-node segment, indicated by the red area. These outcomes highlight the valuable role of non-stationary temperature fields in balancing the mechanical and physical aspects of the finishing process. This study contributes significant insights into the post-finishing stress-strain state of material surfaces, emphasizing the potential advantages of using modern software systems for in-depth exploration.
THERMAL TECHNOLOGICAL CONDITION OF IVG.1M RESEARCH REACTOR CORE UNDER VARIOUS OPERATING MODES
Authors:   National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan, Skakov M.K.
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the study is related to the determination of the thermal characteristics of the IVG.1M research reactor core with the low enriched uranium fuel under the nominal and design operating modes. The thermal technological condition of the IVG.1M research reactor during the start-up are determined by the readings of the temperature, pressure and coolant flow sensors of the information and measuring system. The indirect methods including the computer simulating ones are used to determine the temperature of the core structural materials and the distribution of the coolant temperature by the height of the fuel assembly. The research has been carried out using the method of the finite element analysis using the ANSYS Fluent software package. The study goal was to verify the adequacy of the calculation methodology and obtain the calculated data on the temperature distribution in the fuel assembly in the reactor power range from the nominal to design one. The article presents a description of the IVG.1M reactor, the research methodology, computer model, simulation results and the comparison of the calculated data with the experimental ones. The study scientific novelty consists in determining the temperature conditions of the fuel rods during the reactor operation at various levels of the design capacity with a conservative approach to the cooling conditions. The significance of the research results lies in the fact that a computer model can be used to determine the characteristics of the IVG.1M reactor core under the reactor various operating modes and to analyze the thermohydraulic processes in the fuel assembly.
MODELING THE PLASTIC DEFORMATION STATE OF THE CONTACT SURFACE DURING FRICTION
Authors:   National University Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine, Tsyganov V.
Published: September 2024

The mechanics of contact destruction of compounds during friction under conditions of complex thermodynamic loading was researched. The possibility of a mathematical description of complex damage to friction units and wear intensity is shown, taking into account the peculiarities of the surface layer formation during contact. A method for calculating the surface strength and durability of tribo-compounds is presented. This allows us to relate the parameters of the stressed state of a point (friction coefficient, shape factor) with the thermomechanical parameters of the process. By assessing changes in the friction coefficient and shape parameters, it becomes possible to determine the yield stress and establish structural transformations corresponding to a given stress state.
Universal design for learning technologies as an essential component in preparing teachers for implementing inclusive practices
Authors: Butabayeva L.A.
Published: September 2024

In modern pedagogical practice, inclusive education is recognized as a key aspect both in the global and local context of education. In this regard, the preparation of teachers for working in inclusive education settings becomes significantly important. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of professional competencies, skills, and abilities to work with the individual characteristics and special needs of each student. This article discusses the features of applying the concept of Universal Design for Learning to enhance teachers’ professional skills in an inclusive environment. The authors present the results of a study on the effectiveness of teachers in inclusive practice conducted within the framework of the program-targeted financing by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan BR21882231 «Conceptual Model for Ensuring Inclusivity and Accessibility in the Secondary Education System of Kazakhstan» (2023–2025).
The problem of self-realization of a teacher’s personality in professional activity
Authors: Tursynbet G.T.
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the article is generated by the fact that the structure of the newest domestic education system is continuously being reformed and improved. This is intertwined with many innovative and globalizing pro-cesses in our society. This means quite rapid and serious transformations in this field of activity at the level of serious transformations in terms of approach to professional activity, its implementation and implementation, its specific and probable prospects in it. That is, we are talking about the concept of self-realization of a teacher of educational activity. Therefore, the study and resolution of this problem is very relevant for the current pedagogical psychology. The purpose of this article is a theoretical understanding of the main scientific content of the definition of «self-realization» and «self-realization of the teacher's personality», the solution of which will be carried out through the following tasks: scientific and theoretical analysis of the concepts «self-realization» and «self-realization of the teacher's personality» taking into account a variety of theoretical approaches in pedagogy and psychology, substantiation of the features of self-realization of a teacher's personality in professional activity, practical verification of the level of self-realization of teachers based on methodical approaches.The article clarifies the scientific content of the definition of «self-realization». The content of such definitions as «professional activity», «professional and pedagogical activi-ty», «self-development».
Қазақстан республикасының мектепке дейінгі ұйымдарында психогимнастикаға деген сұранысты бағалау
Authors: Рысқұлова А.Ә.
Published: September 2024

Психогимнастика бала тұлғасының барлық психикалық процестерінің дамуына әсер ету тұрғысынан өзін әмбебап әдіс ретінде көрсетті. Зерттеудің мақсаты — Қазақстан Республикасының қазіргі заманғы мектепке дейінгі ұйымдарында (бұдан әрі — ҚР МДҰ) психогимнастикаға сұранысты бағалау. Авторлар бұл бағалауды анықтауда механизмнің жоқтығына және оны әзірлеу қажеттілігіне назар аударады, бұл зерттеудің ғылыми және практикалық маңыздылығын көрсетеді. ҚР МДҰ психогимнастикаға сұранысты бағалаудың негізгі әдістері әдебиеттік талдау және Ақтөбе облысының 117 мектепке дейінгі тәрбиешілерінің арасында сауалнама жүргізу болып табылады. Сауалнама нәтижелері тәжірибеде психогимнастикаға сұраныстың (пайдаланудың) төмен деңгейін көрсетеді. Психогимнастиканы практикада қолданудың төмен деңгейінің екі негізгі себебі анықталды: 1) тәрбиешілер психогимнастиканы ұйымдастырудың теориясы мен әдістемесін толық меңгермеген, сондықтан оның артықшылықтары мен қолдану тиімділігі туралы білімі жоқ; 2) психогимастика бойынша теориялық және практикалық материал орыс тілінде әзірленген, сондықтан этномәдени ерекшеліктерді ескере отырып (ұлттық ойындар, ұлттық ертегілер, батырлар және т.б.). Психогимнастикаға сұраныс деңгейін тәжірибеде арттыру үшін тәрбиешілер психогимнастиканың мүмкіндіктерін толық білуі және оны қолдана білу дағдысы болуы керек.
Christian personalism and “carnal race” in the philosophy of H. S. Skovoroda
Authors: Pankov H. , Kikot A.
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the article is to analyze H. Skovoroda’s criticism of mass society, called the “carnal race”, based on the position of Christian personalism, which the Ukrainian philosopher adhered to. Its implementation will allow us to expand our view of H. Skovoroda’s personology, taking into account the ascetic component and critical orientation of the content of his creative heritage.
The main methodological tool for the stage of the mentioned problem includes a philosophical-anthropological, axiological and philosophical-religious analysis of H. Skovoroda’s texts in their dialectical unity and interaction.
The result of the research presented in the article. The undertaken analysis of the teachings of H. Skovoroda revealed his critical attitude towards mass society, the environment of which is the “carnal man” as an anthropological type. An alternative to the named society has been identified, which is contrasted with the Kingdom of God as a community of spiritually renewed people. It is shown that condemnation and the desire to oust the community of “slaves of the flesh” is complemented by the desire for its spiritual transformation towards unity with God in the inner world of the individual — the heart. The view of the philosophy of the heart as an essential feature of personalistic thought is substantiated, and the achievement of identity with God and Christ in the spiritual space of the heart organically correlates personalism with Christian thought. The condemnation of the “carnal race” together with the “carnal man” in the horizon of Christian thought is recognized as one of the aspects of the personalization of man and society, a concern aimed at their spiritual transformation.
The scientific novelty. The interpretation of Christian personalism as the foundation of H. Skovoroda’s philosophy has been expanded and deepened due to its correlation with the ascetic criticism of mass society. This circumstance allows us to pay serious attention to the role of criticism in constituting the Christian-personalistic foundation of the work of the Ukrainian philosopher. To develop an understanding of Christian thought, the organic connection between its personalistic and ascetic values is demonstrated, which makes it possible to evaluate their unity and interconnection in their focus on the spiritual development of man and society.
The practical significance. The results of this study can be used in the educational process for teaching general and special courses on the history of philosophy, the history of Ukrainian culture, and Christian ethics.
The theatrical orchestra and the formation of symphonic performance in Kharkiv
Authors: Zhang Lichuan
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the publication is to define the specific characteristics of the functioning and role of the theater orchestra in the formation of symphonic performance in Kharkiv.
The methodology. In the process of understanding the phenomenon of the Kharkiv Theater orchestra, a historical approach was applied, which allowed for the chronological reconstruction of the musical ensemble’s functioning. Additionally, a comparative analysis method was used to identify the unique features of the orchestra’s instrumental composition, repertoire development, and performance practices.
The results. The specific functioning of theatrical instrumental ensembles in Kharkiv, which provided musical accompaniment for performances from the 1770s to the early 1870s, was examined. The study identifies factors that led to the establishment of a permanent “Orchestra of the Kharkiv Theater and Commercial Club”, which, besides performing in the theater, also served city artistic events from the mid 1840s to the 1870s. Key factors include the return of the Kharkiv Theater to private management in 1867, the activities of K. Vilboa from 1869 to 1873 aimed at creating a concert instrumental ensemble in the city, and the emergence of a new orchestra under the direction of G. Grazia in the Kharkiv Drama Theater in 1872. These developments facilitated the organization of symphonic concerts under the aegis of the Kharkiv branch of the Russian Musical Society from 1871.
The scientific novelty lies in the determination that the primary source of symphonic performance in Kharkiv was the permanent orchestra of the Kharkiv Theater, active since the mid XIX century, whose instrumental and numerical composition met the demands of the provincial musical practices of that time. The conducting activities of K. Vilboa in Kharkiv during the late 1860s and the early 1870s were a driving force behind the formation of two orchestral ensembles in the city — the theater and club orchestras — whose instrumental and qualitative compositions aligned with the principles of symphonic performance. From 1871, in preparation for symphonic concerts by the Kharkiv branch of the Russian Musical Society, the theater and club orchestras were combined, each consisting of 20–30 musicians, ensuring that the symphonic orchestra met the required academic standards in terms of instrumental and numerical composition.
Future research prospects are associated with identifying the specifics of symphonic performance in the cultural centers of Ukraine from the second half of the XIX century to the early XX century.