bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surface ligand modified cesium lead bromide/silica sphere composites for low-threshold upconversion lasing
Authors: Xiong Qian , Huang Sihao , Zhan Zijun , Du Juan , Tang Xiaosheng , Hu Zhiping , Liu Zhengzheng , Zhang Zeyu , Chen Weiwei , Leng Yuxin
Published: January 2022

In recent years, all-inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have drawn attention as promising candidates for photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, and lasing applications. However, the sensitivity and instability of perovskite to moisture and heat seriously restrict their practical application to optoelectronic devices. Recently, a facile ligand-engineering strategy to suppress aggregation by replacing traditional long ligands oleylamine (OAm) during the hot injection process has been reported. Here, we further explore its thermal stability and the evolution of photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) under ambient environment. The modified

CsPbBr

3

QDs film can maintain 33% of initial PL intensity, but only 17% is retained in the case of unmodified QDs after 10 h continuous heating. Further, the obtained QDs with higher initial PLQY (91.8%) can maintain PLQY to 39.9% after being continuously exposed in air for 100 days, while the PLQY of original QDs is reduced to 5.5%. Furthermore, after adhering

CsPbBr

3

QDs on the surface of a micro

SiO

2

sphere, we successfully achieve the highly-efficient upconversion random laser. In comparison with the unmodified

CsPbBr

3

QDs, the laser from the modified

CsPbBr

3

QDs presents a decreased threshold of

79.81
  

μJ
/
cm

2

and higher quality factor (

Q

) of 1312. This work may not only provide a facile strategy to synthesize

CsPbBr

3

QDs with excellent photochemical properties but also a bright prospect for high-performance random lasers.
Revealing the dynamics of intensity fluctuation transfer in a random Raman fiber laser
Authors: Ye Jun , Ma Xiaoya , Zhang Yang , Xu Jiangming , Zhang Hanwei , Yao Tianfu , Leng Jinyong , Zhou Pu
Published: January 2022

Temporal intensity fluctuation is one of the inherent features of fiber lasers. When utilizing the fiber lasers to pump a random Raman fiber laser (RRFL), the intensity fluctuation transfer from the pump to the random lasing could affect the output performance significantly. In this paper, we comprehensively compared the spectral, temporal, and power characteristics of an RRFL pumped by two different fiber lasers—a temporally unstable fiber oscillator and a temporally stable amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source. Owing to less impact of the intensity fluctuation transfer, the ASE source-pumped RRFL shows

∼
45.3
%

higher maximum output power, higher spectral purity (

>
99.9
%

) and optical signal-to-noise ratio (

>
40
  
dB

), weaker spectral broadening, and more stable temporal behavior compared to the fiber oscillator-pumped RRFL. Furthermore, based on the temporal-spatial-coupled Raman equations and the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equations, we numerically revealed the impact of the pump intensity fluctuations on the output characteristics of RRFLs, and found that the temporal walk-off effect played an important role in the dynamics of intensity fluctuation transfer. This work may provide a reference for designing and implementing high-performance RRFLs and promote their practicability in sensing, telecommunications, and high-power applications.
The pathogenic biomarker alcohol dehydrogenase protein is involved in Bacillus cereus virulence and survival against host innate defence
Authors: Kavanaugh Devon W. , Porrini Constance , Dervyn Rozenn , Ramarao Nalini
Published: January 2022

Bacillus cereusis a spore forming bacteria recognized among the leading agents responsible for foodborne outbreaks in Europe.B.cereusis also gaining notoriety as an opportunistic human pathogen inducing local and systemic infections. The real incidence of such infection is likely underestimated and information on genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the incriminated strains is generally scarce. We have recently analyzed a large strain collection of varying pathogenic potential. Screening for biomarkers to differentiate among clinical and non-clinical strains, a gene encoding an alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein was identified among the leading candidates. This family of proteins has been demonstrated to be involved in the virulence of several bacterial species. The relevant gene was knocked out to elucidate its function with regards to resistance to host innate immune response, bothin vitroandin vivo. Our results demonstrate that theadhBgene plays a significant role in resistance to nitric oxide and oxidative stressin vitro, as well as its pathogenic ability with regards toin vivotoxicity. These properties may explain the pathogenic potential of strains carrying this newly identified virulence factor.
The effect of light conditions on the content of selected active ingredients in anatomical parts of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus L.)
Authors: Zawadzka Agnieszka , Janczewska Anna , Kobus-Cisowska Joanna , Dziedziński Marcin , Siwulski Marek , Czarniecka-Skubina Ewa , Stuper-Szablewska Kinga
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cultivation conditions in the context of light on the retention of selected vitamins, minerals and polyphenols in the stem and cap of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus L.). Additionally, the effect of the retention of bioactive components on the antioxidant activity of mushroom extracts was evaluated, taking into account the morphological part. Oyster mushrooms grown in the light of 200 lux had higher riboflavin content compared to mushrooms exposed to the light of lower intensity. The thiamine content of the mushrooms dropped with decreasing light intensity during cultivation. The content of biologically active compounds was found to be equal in the stem and the cap. In the case of riboflavin, it was shown that its contents in cap fractions, irrespective of the cultivation method, was statistically significantly higher than in stems. The mineral composition of caps and stems differed from each other. No differences in Zn and Cu content between the morphological parts of the mushroom studied were found. However, it was shown that the stems, regardless of the type of light, contained less iron, magnesium and sodium. Thus, it was observed that limited light exposure caused an increase in the content of total polyphenolic compounds, which did not correlate with antioxidant activity. There was no effect of the light on the antioxidant activity of mushrooms. It was also shown that stem extracts had higher antioxidant activity compared to the extracts obtained from the caps. This findings point to the possibility and potentail of use both fraction of mushrooms in the new food products development.
Menstrual hygiene practice among adolescent girls in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sahiledengle Biniyam , Atlaw Daniel , Kumie Abera , Tekalegn Yohannes , Woldeyohannes Demelash , Agho Kingsley Emwinyore
Published: January 2022

Background

Adolescent girls face several challenges relating to menstruation and its proper management. Lack of adequate sanitary products, inadequate water supply, and privacy for changing sanitary pads continue to leave adolescent girls with limited options for safe and proper menstrual hygiene in many low-income settings, including Ethiopia. These situations are also compounded by societal myths, stigmas surrounding menstruation, and discriminatory social norms. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of safe menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in Ethiopia using the available studies.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journal Online (AJOL), Hinari, Science Direct, ProQuest, Direct of Open Access Journals, POPLINE, and Cochrane Library database inception to May 31, 2021. Studies reporting the proportion of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in Ethiopia were considered. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies. Since the included studies revealed considerable heterogeneity, a random effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled proportion of menstrual hygiene management (MHM).

Results

Of 1,045 identified articles, 22 studies were eligible for analysis (n = 12,330 participants). The pooled proportion (PP) of safe MHM in Ethiopia was 52.69% (95%CI: 44.16, 61.22). The use of commercial menstrual absorbents was common 64.63% (95%CI: 55.32, 73.93, I2 99.2%) followed by homemade cloth 53.03% (95%CI: 22.29, 83.77, I2 99.2%). Disposal of absorbent material into the latrine was the most common practice in Ethiopia 62.18% (95%CI: 52.87, 71.49, I2 98.7%). One in four girls reported missing one or more school days during menstruation (PP: 32.03%, 95%CI: 22.65%, 41.40%, I2 98.2%).

Conclusion

This study revealed that only half of the adolescent girls in Ethiopia had safe MHM practices. To ensure that girls in Ethiopia can manage menstruation hygienically and with dignity, strong gender-specific water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities along with strong awareness creation activities at every level are needed.
Educational Policies and Schooling for Arabic Speaking Refugee Children in Australia and Turkey
Authors:   University of Adelaide, Maadad Nina , Yilmaz Manube ,   Texas State University
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to compare refugee settlement and education policies between two geographically and culturally distinct nations, Australia and Turkey. Due to its geographical position in the Middle East, Turkey now hosts millions of refugees especially following the outbreak of the Syrian civil war in 2011. Australia also has a long history of hosting and supporting refugees from many countries and the Arabic-speaking nations are no exception. Conducting a comparative historical analysis, this study aims to fill the gap in our knowledge about the education policies and practices of both countries. Based on the expectations and needs of refugee students, it emerges that new policy practices and approaches backed by adequate academic and financial resources are required in both countries.
Pre-service Teachers’ Perceptions of Professional Standards and their Integration into Pre-service Training: A Comparative Study of Australia and Pakistan
Authors:   University of Education, Lahore, Shaukat Sadia , Chowdhury Raqib ,   Monash University
Published: January 2022

This paper critically analyses 52 Australian and 68 Pakistani pre-service teachers’ (PST) perceptions of professional standards for teachers enabling the comparison of teacher preparation in the two countries. A multivariate analysis of variance tested the hypothesis that an integrated standards-based teacher preparation program was more effective for professional skills and competencies development than a non-integrated one. While the Australian PSTs undertaking a standards-integrated curriculum reported significantly higher levels of professional preparation in ten areas of professional Standards, their Pakistani counterparts - who were not exposed to such curriculum - reported inadequate preparation. The findings have implications for teacher educators and policy makers involved in the development of pre-service teacher programs.
REVIEW OF NATURAL PRODUCTS ON PARKINSON’S DISEASE PATHOLOGY
Authors: Essa M.M. , Braidy N. , Bridge W. , Subash S. , Manivasagam T. , Vijayan R.K. , Al-Adawi S. , Guillemin G.J.
Published: January 2022

This review examines evidence of plant-derived natural products and their constituents that have been shown to slow down or reverse the underlying neuronal degeneration observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD), with a focus on their effect on the modulation of dopaminergic neurotransission levels and motor function. During the last decade, there have been over 140 studies published that have investigated the anti-PD therapeutic potential of herbs, fruits, vegetables and spices, ornamental and parasitic plants, and fungi. Empirical evidence implicates phytochemicals may play a role in the prevention and mitigation of some of the intractable signs and symptoms of PD. The anti-PD effects exhibited by these natural products are considered to be due to their ability to modulate; reactive oxygen species production, neuroinflammation, dopamine production, excitotoxicity, metal homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and cellular signaling pathways, which are all disrupted in the PD brain. However, the precise neuroprotective mechanism of action of natural products for PD remains unclear. Research is necessary to further elucidate the mechanisms by which these compounds are efficacious in attenuating PD or controlling PD-related symptoms.
THE GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF VITAMIN D STATUS
Authors: Edwards M.H. , Cole Z.A. , Harvey N.C. , Cooper C.
Published: January 2022

Objective: Vitamin D is an important component of calcium and phosphate metabolism, ensuring, with PTH and FGF23, adequate serum concentrations of these two analytes for optimal cell function and bone mineralisation. Despite a surge of interest in vitamin D physiology over the last decade, a single threshold for deficiency remains uncertain in functional terms, and it is clear that correlation between serum concentration of 25(OH)-vitamin D and disease outcomes is very poor at the level of the individual. In this review, we describe the physiology of vitamin D, its potential associations with disease, and relate, in detail, the epidemiology of vitamin D status across populations worldwide. Design: Through a comprehensive literature review, we identified relevant studies from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, North America, Latin America, and Oceania. Results: Although rickets and osteomalacia are established potential consequences of vitamin D deficiency, evidence for low levels of vitamin D as a cause of the multitude of other health outcomes with which they have been linked is lacking. We observed geographical differences in serum 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations, which may be partly, but not wholly, explained by factors such as sunlight exposure, skin pigmentation, skin coverage, dietary choices, supplements, adiposity, malabsorption, disease, demographics and lifestyle. Conclusion: We conclude that low serum concentrations of 25(OH)-vitamin D appear common across the globe; the relevance of this observation to human health remains to be elucidated.
CAN CONTINUOUS, INTER-GENERATIONAL COOPERATION POSITIVELY IMPACT THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF ELDERLY ALZHEIMER’S SUFFERERS?: AN INTERIM REPORT
Authors: Rokkaku R. , Homma A. , Kobayashi S. , Seki Y.
Published: January 2022

This article summarizes the impact of inter-generational cooperation on the quality of life of elderly Alzheimer’s sufferers. The study is a continuing, two-year intervention and reports the results of the first year. It consists of an intervention and a control group of eight and six sufferers, respectively, who have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Both groups attend day care services. The intervention group participates in the inter-generational program with children, while the control group does not. On the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Affect Rating Scale, three items have been proved statistically significant. Pleasure, Interest, and Contentment have increased with inter-generational cooperation. The magnitude of the change was not so remarkable as to influence QOL-AD at home. However, the present results may imply a reduction on the burden of the day care service staff and family carers. Another advantage may be in the educating of the children’s parents, whose understanding of dementia was poor.
An alternative way to stain the gel in gel electrophoresis without causing contamination
Authors: Siu Charlotte , Hitchler Ashley , Cheng Xiao Wen
Published: January 2022

Gel electrophoresis is an important invention that can help us separate molecules based on size and charge. It has been used in many circumstances, including analysing the DNA sequence during forensic investigations and obviously, in many disciplines regarding microbiology and biological sciences as a whole. The biggest headache that comes with gel electrophoresis is the part that requires staining of a gel. Very often, if not well done, it will cause contamination and splash. In this poster, we talked about a different way to stain the gel used in gel electrophoresis without causing too much contamination
A quantitative analysis of the FIV and HIV genome using bioinformatics software
Authors: Siu Charlotte , Cheng Xiao Wen , Horn Meredith
Published: January 2022

Among viruses, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presented the greatest challenge to human kinds. the HIV and FIV gag genome was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq Benchtop next-generation sequencer.The DNA sequences obtained were then run through the LALIGN bioinformatics software to compute the E value, bit score, waterman eggert score, percent identity,which are four important indicators of how similar the sequences are. The E value was 3.1 x 10 ^-9, the percent identity was 54.4 percent and the bit score was 51.9. It was also sensed that base 1600 to 1990 in HIV and base 800 to 910 in FIV have a higher than normal similarity. This reflects that while the DNA sequences of the gag region of both the HIV and FIV genome are rather similar and it is unlikely that this similarity is due to random chance, there are a noticeable amount of differences. A better understanding of the level of similarity and differences in the gag region of the genome sequence would facilitate our understanding of structural and cellular behavioral differences between FIV and HIV, and in the long term it prevides new explanations to differences observed in previous studies, or even facilitate the development of an effective HIV treatment.
Can Developing Virtues Improve Dialogue Across Political Difference?
Authors: Halteman Zwart Megan
Published: January 2022

After the polarizing 2016 presidential election, I heard from many distressed students who felt they lacked the skills or confidence to have difficult conversations with those who disagreed with them politically. In response, I developed a course that aims to help students grow in the virtues and skills necessary for listening and dialogue, putting these to use discussing controversial issues including abortion, gun rights and regulations, cancel culture, speech on campus, immigration, environmental policy, and kneeling for the national anthem. In this article, I make the case for foregrounding virtues such as attentiveness, curiosity, intellectual humility, and empathy to promote good dialogue and prepare students to engage productively across difference. Then, I describe the course design, share qualitative results from student reflections, and highlight insights that are applicable across disciplines. Finally, I address practical obstacles and ethical concerns that have arisen when teaching polarizing topics and offer responses to these challenges.
Practicing Resistance and the Struggle over Power as Democratic Citizenship
Authors: Mora Juliane
Published: January 2022

Teaching democratic citizenship has never been more vital, particularly given the dismissive attitude and direct attempts to undermine democratic institutions exemplified by the Trump administration. In addition, traditional approaches to teaching citizenship foreground the underlying values of self-governance, knowledge of the different branches of government, and the skills for behaving within this system (i.e., voting) but lack a broader intellectual framework to guide those actions (Parker, Teaching democracy: Unity and diversity in public life, 2003). Parker, a critical multicultural educator, argued that this approach has rendered participatory citizenship superfluous and ignores more central concerns, namely, how people can live together justly while honoring their multiple individual and group identities (i.e., gender, race, class, religion, etc.). This essay focuses on the task of living together justly and offers one example of how this might be promoted through the communication studies curriculum.
¿Investigar por investigar?
Authors: Trujillo Rodríguez Cesar Leonardo
Published: January 2022

Editorial Vol.26 No.3
Wizerunek kobiety w polskich afektonimach w świetle teorii stereotypów płciowych
Authors: Jedziniak Agnieszka
Published: January 2022

This article aims to present the image of a woman in Polish affectionate names in the light of the theory of gender stereotypes. Special attention has been paid to the linguistic and cultural status of female affectionate names. Based on the analysis of selected female affectionate names, the author demonstrates that they contain some women’s representations that depend on features assigned to women in social and cultural stereotypes (physical, mental and behavioural) such as beauty, grace, timidity, kindness, peace, protectiveness, modesty, etc. It has been noticed that this image can be both positive and negative.
Językowe zabawy w wierszach Małgorzaty Strzałkowskiej
Authors: Kaptur Ewa
Published: January 2022

The article presents the linguistic games in selected poems by Małgorzata Strzałkowska. The subject of the research were 300 works from ten volumes that have been published over the last twenty-five years. The text examines these verbal games, which are mainly based on the sound layer of the utterance, i.e. sounds / sounds, onomatopoeia, rhymes, and rhythm. It was found that Strzałkowska’s poems can be ready-made lesson plans that can be used in Polish lessons, in phonetics, in voice emission as well as during speech diagnosis or therapy.
Z badań nad Biłgorajem. Weryfikacja i dopełnienie
Authors: Makarski Władysław
Published: January 2022

The article presents the state of research into the toponym Biłgoraj: initially incorrectly interpreted as a topographic name consisting of the segment Biel- “swamp” (>Ukrainian Bił-) and the morpheme -goraj “mountainous terrain”. Another interpretation of this toponym says that this name is memorial and physiographic in nature, with its first physiographic part coming from the local adjective *bieły (in general Polish biały “white”), shortened to Bieł- (>Ukrainian Bił-), referring to the first part of the name of the river *Bieła Łada < Biała Łada, which Biłgoraj is located on, and the second morpheme – the memorial one taken from the name of a nearby settlement Goraj, which was the seat of the ancestors of Adam Gorajski, the founder of Biłgoraj, a settlement also located on the river Biała Łada.
Związki frazeologiczne i skrzydlate słowa wywodzące się z filmów w reżyserii Stanisława Barei (na wybranych przykładach)
Authors: Połowniak-Wawrzonek Dorota
Published: January 2022

In contemporary Polish, there are phrases and winged words that come from films, TV series, songs, the language of politics, advertising, popular TV and radio programmes. Among the well-established expressions from the film and TV series, there are permanent verbal connections derived from the films by S. Bareja. Fixed verbal connections stand out among them: Słuszną linię ma nasza władza, Jak jest zima, to musi być zimno, Narodziła się nowa świecka tradycja, Ile jest cukru w cukrze, Nie wiem, nie znam się, nie orientuję się, zarobiony jestem. These idioms, winged words appear in both canonical and modified form. The usual modifications change or replace parts of the original phrases. Innovation strengthens the invariant. Fixed verbal connections of this type are usually ironic and comic. They often fulfill a ludic or phatic function – their appearance is the sender’s communicative signal addressed to the recipient participating in the same culture which is being created today not only by literature, music, painting and other works of art, but also by films, TV series, television and radio programs and so on.
GOOD AND BAD SOCIOLOGY: DOES TOPIC MODELLING MAKE A DIFFERENCE?
Authors: BARANOWSKI MARIUSZ , CICHOCKI PIOTR
Published: January 2022

The changing social reality, which is increasingly digitally networked, requires new research methods capable of analysing large bodies of data (including textual data). This development poses a challenge for sociology, whose ambition is primarily to describe and explain social reality. As traditional sociological research methods focus on analysing relatively small data, the existential challenge of today involves the need to embrace new methods and techniques, which enable valuable insights into big volumes of data at speed. One such emerging area of investigation involves the application of Natural Language Processing and Machine-Learning to text mining, which allows for swift analyses of vast bodies of textual content. The paper’s main aim is to probe whether such a novel approach, namely, topic modelling based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) algorithm, can find meaningful applications within sociology and whether its adaptation makes sociology perform its tasks better. In order to outline the context of the applicability of LDA in the social sciences and humanities, an analysis of abstracts of articles published in journals indexed in Elsevier’s Scopus database on topic modelling was conducted. This study, based on 1,149 abstracts, showed not only the diversity of topics undertaken by researchers but helped to answer the question of whether sociology using topic modelling is “good” sociology in the sense that it provides opportunities for exploration of topic areas and data that would not otherwise be undertaken.
The fine structure of the rotational periods of the solar mean magnetic field
Authors: Haneychuk Vasily Ivanovich , Kotov Valery Alexandrovich
Published: January 2022

The data of mean magnetic field (MMF) of the Sun obtained at the Wilcox Solar Observatory (Stanford, USA) in 1975–2020 are analysed. It was concluded that the MMF maximum occurs, on average, 1.5–2 years later relative to the maximum of Wolf numbers. To analyze the changes in the MMF, a new method for searching for periodicities has been developed, which takes into account the change in the sign of the magnetic field from cycle to cycle. This method made it possible to find the main synodic periods of rotation of the magnetic field with values of 27d.021 ± 0d.008, 26d.796 ± 0d.008 and 27d.260 ± 0d.008, each of which has two splitting components associated with a change in the polarity of the magnetic field during the transition from one cycle of solar activity to another. The stability of these periodicities for more than 45 years indicates that the Sun as a star looks like a horizontal magnetic dipole (in addition to the observed vertical one), which changes its sign every 11 years and rotates with different periods.
Two Cu(ii)-based coordination polymers: Crystal structures and treatment activity on periodontitis
Authors: Xu Yipu , Wu Zhifang , Zhao Xiangzhe , Li Xiangchun
Published: January 2022

Two new Cu(ii)-based coordination polymers (CPs) with the chemical formulae of [CuL(bimmb)0.5]
n
(1, bimmb is 4-bis(imidazole-1-ylmethyl)benzene) and [CuL(bbibp)]
n
(2, bbibp is 4,4'-bis(benzoimidazo-1-yl)biphenyl) have been successfully prepared by the reaction of 3,3'-azodibenzoic acid (H2L) ligand and metal salt Cu(NO3)2·3H2O in the presence of different nitrogen-donor coligands. In the bioactive evaluation experiments, the treatment activity of the prepared CPs against periodontitis was examined. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection was used to test interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-6 contents released into the gingival crevicular fluid after the treatment of above CPs, and the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was subsequently performed to measure the relative expression level of HmuY gene in the Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Complex systems analysis informs on the spread of COVID-19
Authors: Wang Xia , Washington Dorcas , Weber Georg F.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

The non-linear progression of new infection numbers in a pandemic poses challenges to the evaluation of its management. The tools of complex systems research may aid in attaining information that would be difficult to extract with other means.

Methods

To study the COVID-19 pandemic, we utilize the reported new cases per day for the globe, nine countries and six US states through October 2020. Fourier and univariate wavelet analyses inform on periodicity and extent of change.

Results

Evaluating time-lagged data sets of various lag lengths, we find that the autocorrelation function, average mutual information and box counting dimension represent good quantitative readouts for the progression of new infections. Bivariate wavelet analysis and return plots give indications of containment vs. exacerbation. Homogeneity or heterogeneity in the population response, uptick vs. suppression, and worsening or improving trends are discernible, in part by plotting various time lags in three dimensions.

Conclusions

The analysis of epidemic or pandemic progression with the techniques available for observed (noisy) complex data can extract important characteristics and aid decision making in the public health response.
Frequency regulation of a RES integrated power system with AC/DC parallel link employing a fuzzy tuned fractional order controller
Authors: Nayak Anurekha , Maharana Manoj Kumar , Panda Gayadhar
Published: January 2022

This paper demonstrates the operational efficacy of a newly proposed fuzzy tuned fractional order controller to offer an improved frequency regulation of a multi area renewable energy source (RES) integrated nonlinear power system. The effect of governor dead band nonlinearity and generation rate constraint of hydro and thermal power plants are considered in the system. Moreover, a proposed appropriate High voltage direct current (HVDC) tie line model is incorporated in this work, to verify the frequency deviation. Different test cases are applied to verify the robustness of the controllers on frequency response. The superiority of the proposed controller upon Proportional integral and derivative (PID), fuzzy logic controller and fuzzy PID controller in minimizing frequency deviation has been verified through MATLAB SIMULINK environment.
Morphology adjustable microlens array fabricated by single spatially modulated femtosecond pulse
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Xiaowei , Wang Zhipeng , Qin Bin , Zhou Shipeng , Huang Ji , Yao Zhulin
Published: January 2022

Silica microlens arrays (MLAs) with multiple numerical-apertures (NAs) have high thermal and mechanical stability, and have potential application prospects in 3D display and rapid detection. However, it is still a challenge to rapidly fabricate silica MLAs with a larger range of NAs and how to obtain multiple NAs in the same aperture diameter. Here, a wet etching assisted spatially modulated femtosecond laser pulse fabricating technology is proposed. In this technology, Gaussian laser pulse is modulated in the axial direction to create a pulse with a large aspect ratio, which is used to modify the silica to obtain a longer modification distance than traditional technology. After that, a microlens with a larger NA can be obtained by etching, and the NA variable range can be up to 0.06–0.65, and even under the same aperture, the variable NA can range up to 0.45–0.65. In addition, a single focus is radially modulated into several focus with different axial lengths to achieve a single exposure fabricating of MLA with multiple NAs. In characterization of the image under a microscope, the multi-plane imaging characteristics of the MLA are revealed. The proposed technology offers great potential toward numerous applications, including microfluidic adaptive imaging and biomedical sensing.
Intelligent on-demand design of phononic metamaterials
Authors: Jin Yabin , He Liangshu , Wen Zhihui , Mortazavi Bohayra , Guo Hongwei , Torrent Daniel , Djafari-Rouhani Bahram , Rabczuk Timon , Zhuang Xiaoying , Li Yan
Published: January 2022

With the growing interest in the field of artificial materials, more advanced and sophisticated functionalities are required from phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials. This implies a high computational effort and cost, and still the efficiency of the designs may be not sufficient. With the help of third-wave artificial intelligence technologies, the design schemes of these materials are undergoing a new revolution. As an important branch of artificial intelligence, machine learning paves the way to new technological innovations by stimulating the exploration of structural design. Machine learning provides a powerful means of achieving an efficient and accurate design process by exploring nonlinear physical patterns in high-dimensional space, based on data sets of candidate structures. Many advanced machine learning algorithms, such as deep neural networks, unsupervised manifold clustering, reinforcement learning and so forth, have been widely and deeply investigated for structural design. In this review, we summarize the recent works on the combination of phononic metamaterials and machine learning. We provide an overview of machine learning on structural design. Then discuss machine learning driven on-demand design of phononic metamaterials for acoustic and elastic waves functions, topological phases and atomic-scale phonon properties. Finally, we summarize the current state of the art and provide a prospective of the future development directions.
Crystal structure of 2-((E)-(((E)-2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzylidene) hydrazineylidene)methyl)-4-methylphenol, C16H16N2O2
Authors: Jin Ze-Sen , Liu Xiao-jing , Liu E. , Jian Fang-fang , Liang Tongling
Published: January 2022

C16H16N2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.6766(1) Å, b = 5.9039(1) Å, c = 13.3603(2) Å, β = 96.166(1)°, V = 680.432(17) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0395, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1195, T = 170 K.
Enhancing the performance of conventional coffee beans drying with low-temperature geothermal energy by applying HPHE: An experimental study
Authors: Gunawan Yohanes , Margono Kukuh Tri , Rizky Romy , Putra Nandy , Faqih Rizal Al , Hakim Imansyah Ibnu , Setiadanu Guntur Tri , Suntoro Dedi , Kasbi Slamet , Nafis Subhan
Published: January 2022

The unpredictable weather in Indonesia results in a less effective conventional coffee beans drying process, which usually uses solar energy as a heat source. This experiment aimed to examine the performance of the coffee beans drying using low-temperature geothermal energy (LTGE) with solar energy as the energy source. Heat pipe heat exchanger, which consists of 42 straight heat pipes with staggered configuration, was used to extract the LTGE. The heat pipes have 700 mm length, 10 mm outside diameter with a filling ratio of 50%, and added by 181 pieces of aluminum with a dimension size of 76  mm × 345  mm × 0.105 mm as fins. LTGE was simulated by using water that is heated by three heaters and flowed by a pump. Meanwhile, to simulate the drying process with conventional methods, a system of solar air collectors made of polyurethane sheets with a thickness of 20 mm and dimensions of length × width × height = 160 cm × 76 cm × 10 cm, respectively, was used in this study. Zinc galvalume sheet with 0.3 mm thickness was installed and coated by the black doff color throughout the inner of the container wall. The result showed that the drying process with LTGE and solar energy is faster than with solar energy or geothermal energy only. The drying coffee beans using the hybrid system can speed up the drying coffee beans time by about 23% faster than the solar energy only.
Influences of spacing on yield and root size of carrot (Daucus carotaL.) under ridge-furrow production
Authors: Tegen Habtamu , Jembere Mnuyelet
Published: January 2022

Although there is adequate information on the influence of plant population on root yield and size of carrot on flat and raised bed for rain fed production system, information on ridge-furrow bed preparation method is limited for irrigation production system. Therefore, in this study, field experiments were conducted for 2 years to determine the appropriate spacing of carrot on ridge-furrow carrot production practice under irrigation. Root yield increased significantly as the population increased. On the contrary, root size significantly decreased as population increased. The result of combined analysis over season and locations indicated that the narrowest spacing of 10 cm × 4 cm rows on the ridge and between plants, respectively, which accommodates 1,250,000 plants ha−1gave significantly highest marketable carrot root yield of 26 t ha−1followed by 22.6 t ha−1with spacing of 20 cm × 4 cm which accommodates 1,000,000 plants ha−1, but it produced the smallest individual root weight of 83 g which is mostly preferred for household consumption unlike jumbo roots. Therefore, in terms of root sizes and marketable yield, the current study identified that spacing of 10 cm × 4 cm is optimum on ridge-furrow carrot production practices.
Some pleural effusions labeled as idiopathic could be produced by the inhalation of silica
Authors: Bielsa Silvia , Guitart Ana , Esquerda Aureli , Fernández-Pacheco Rodrigo , Baranguán Maria Teresa , Ibarra Alfonso , Porcel José M.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Exposure to silica nanoparticles has been associated with pleural effusions (PEs) in animal models and case series. We hypothesized that some PEs labelled as “idiopathic” could, in fact, be secondary to inhalation of silica.

Methods

A retrospective case control study was designed utilizing a prospectively maintained pleural database. Cases, represented by idiopathic PEs, were matched by age and gender to control patients who had been diagnosed with malignant, cardiac, or infectious PEs. A survey consisting of questions about occupational life and possibility of silica inhalation was conducted. In a subgroup of patients, pleural fluid concentrations of silica were quantified by plasma atomic emission spectrometry analysis. Also, the pleural biopsy of a silica-exposed case was subjected to an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to identify the mineral, the size of which was determined by electron microscopy.

Results

A total of 118 patients (59 cases and 59 controls) completed the survey. There were 25 (42%, 95% CI 31–55%) and 13 (22%, 95% CI 13–34%) silica-exposed workers in case and control groups, respectively. The exposure attributable fraction was 0.62 (95% CI 0.14–0.83). Four of eight exposed cases showed detectable levels of silica in the pleural fluid (mean 2.37 mg/L), as compared to none of 16 tested controls. Silica nanoparticles of 6–7 nm were identified in the pleural biopsy of an exposed case patient.

Conclusions

It is plausible that some idiopathic PEs could actually be caused by occupational silica inhalation.
Conductive thermoplastic vulcanizates based on carbon black-filled bromo-isobutylene-isoprene rubber (BIIR)/polypropylene (PP)
Authors: Huang Yunyun , Liu Zhi , Xu Hongyan , Hong Ruoyu
Published: January 2022

Conductive elastomer materials based on carbon black (CB) filled bromo-isobutylene-isoprene rubber (BIIR)/polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) were prepared by two step method and one step method. The microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical resistivity, thermal stability, electromagnetic interference shielding performance, and fracture surface morphology of composite materials were studied. The result shows the serious aggregation of CB in one-step TPV, but the uniform dispersion of CB in two-step TPV. In addition, the two-step TPV shows a higher electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance and lower conductivity penetration threshold. The penetration threshold of the two-step TPV is 9.1%, and the maximum reflection loss of the two-step TPV16 is −29.5 dB. Therefore, this research offers an uncomplicated and scalable melt mixing approach method to manufacture conductive thermoplastic vulcanizates with excellent EMI shielding.
The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR in age-related brain atrophy and the transition to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Cade Shaun , Zhou Xin-Fu , Bobrovskaya Larisa
Published: January 2022

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition that is potentially mediated by synaptic dysfunction before the onset of cognitive impairments. The disease mostly affects elderly people and there is currently no therapeutic which halts its progression. One therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease is to regenerate lost synapses by targeting mechanisms involved in synaptic plasticity. This strategy has led to promising drug candidates in clinical trials, but further progress needs to be made. An unresolved problem of Alzheimer’s disease is to identify the molecular mechanisms that render the aged brain susceptible to synaptic dysfunction. Understanding this susceptibility may identify drug targets which could halt, or even reverse, the disease’s progression. Brain derived neurotrophic factor is a neurotrophin expressed in the brain previously implicated in Alzheimer’s disease due to its involvement in synaptic plasticity. Low levels of the protein increase susceptibility to the disease and post-mortem studies consistently show reductions in its expression. A desirable therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease is to stimulate the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor and potentially regenerate lost synapses. However, synthesis and secretion of the protein are regulated by complex activity-dependent mechanisms within neurons, which makes this approach challenging. Moreover, the protein is synthesised as a precursor which exerts the opposite effect of its mature form through the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. This review will evaluate current evidence on how age-related alterations in the synthesis, processing and signalling of brain derived neurotrophic factor may increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
Significations et éléments centraux versus périphériques des représentations visuelles
Authors: Moliner Pascal , Bovina Inna
Published: January 2022

Cette recherche porte sur le rôle joué par les différents éléments d’une image dans l’interprétation de cette image et dans les émotions qu’elle induit. A partir de l’approche structurale de la théorie des représentations sociales on suppose que certains des éléments d’une image seraient centraux tandis que d’autres seraient périphériques. Pour explorer cette piste on a retouché trois photographies originales afin de supprimer certains des éléments qu’elles montraient. Les photographies originales et les photographies retouchées ont été présentées à trois groupes de participants (n1 = 94,n2 = 97,n3 = 100) qui devaient, pour chaque photographie, produire trois associations verbales puis évaluer le niveau d’activation des émotions ressenties. Les résultats montrent que certains des éléments d’une image en déterminent à la fois le sens et les émotions qu’elle induit, d’autres n’en déterminent que les émotions, d’autres enfin ne déterminent ni la signification, ni les émotions induites. Ces résultats suggèrent que dans le cadre de la théorie des représentations sociales, l’analyse des images en termes d’éléments centraux et périphériques pourrait être très utile pour mieux comprendre comment fonctionnent ces images en tant que systèmes sémiotiques.
Text-image complementarity and genre in English as foreign language textbooks
Authors: Chang Peichin , Tsai Hsin-Jung
Published: January 2022

Relating visual images to textual messages may have great potential in facilitating students’ reading comprehension. The inevitable and important presence of visuals in textbooks obliges language teachers to exploit all semiotic resources to deepen students’ understanding. However, analysis of how images interact with text in textbooks has been rare, and among the efforts it has generally been found that visuals and text often fail to achieve coherence. This study investigateswhetherandhowtext and image complement each other ideationally (i.e., the “what”) by six sense relations (e.g., synonymy and hyponymy) and interpersonally (i.e., reader engagement) by the Mood system in ninth-grade English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks to reach intersemiotic complementarity (IC). The results revealed that ideational rather than interpersonal IC is more frequent, where many more Participants (i.e., the nominal groups) than Processes (i.e., the verbal groups) in the texts find their visual complements. Ideational IC is particularly high in Information Reports while Recounts generally mark higher percentages of interpersonal IC. To accomplish ideational IC, repetition is most frequent, followed by hyponymy (i.e., general-specific relation) and collocation (i.e., relations that naturally co-occur). Distinct IC patterns also characterize the different editions of textbooks investigated, which may suggest their different potentials in catering to students of varying proficiencies.
Eccentricity energy change of complete multipartite graphs due to edge deletion
Authors: Mahato Iswar , Kannan M. Rajesh
Published: January 2022

The eccentricity matrix ɛ(G) of a graph G is obtained from the distance matrix of G by retaining the largest distances in each row and each column, and leaving zeros in the remaining ones. The eccentricity energy of G is sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of ɛ(G). Although the eccentricity matrices of graphs are closely related to the distance matrices of graphs, a number of properties of eccentricity matrices are substantially different from those of the distance matrices. The change in eccentricity energy of a graph due to an edge deletion is one such property. In this article, we give examples of graphs for which the eccentricity energy increase (resp., decrease) but the distance energy decrease (resp., increase) due to an edge deletion. Also, we prove that the eccentricity energy of the complete k-partite graph Kn

1,

...

,

nk
with k ≥ 2 and ni
≥ 2, increases due to an edge deletion.
Európai Újraélesztési Társaság (ERC) 2021. évi gyermekújraélesztés ajánlásának összefoglaló bemutatása
Authors: Pandur Attila , Schiszler Bence , Tóth Balázs , Bogár Bence , Jauch Melinda , Betlehem József , Priskin Gábor , Radnai Balázs
Published: January 2022

Jelen referátum az Európai Reszuszcitációs Társaság (ERC) és az International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) által 2021-ben kiadott gyermekújraélesztés irányelveit foglalja össze. Terjedelmi okok miatt a referátum nem tartalmazza az egyeslépések teljes körű magyarázatát, a cél az új irányelvek rövid összefoglalása. Az ajánlás a csecsemőkori (4 hetes kortól), a kisgyermekkori (egy éves kortól) és gyermek (1-18 életév) ellátási specifi kumait foglalja össze. A csecsemőújraélesztéstől eltekintve a gyermek újraélesz tés ritka. A kórházon kívüli keringésmegállásoknál a legtöbb esetben nem specifi kus gyermekegység végziaz újraélesztést. Éppen ezért a cél, hogy az algoritmus egyszerű legyen, könnyen elsajátítható minden szakember számára. Meg kell jegyezni, hogy e témakörben kevés az evidencia szintű vizsgálati eredmény. A legfontosabb üzenet továbbra is a megelőzés.
Európai Újraélesztési Társaság (ERC) 2021. évi posztreszuszcitációs időszak ellátásáról szóló ajánlásának összefoglaló bemutatása
Authors: Schiszler Bence , Priskin Gábor , Pandur Attila , Tóth Balázs , Betlehem József , Radnai Balázs
Published: January 2022

Az European Resuscitation Council (ERC) az European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) közreműködésével 2015-ben egységesítette a spontán keringés visszatérés (ROSC) utáni posztreszuszcitációs teendőket, mely közlésre került a Resuscitation and Intensive Care Medicine folyóiratban. A következőkben tárgyalt, 2021-ben kiadott felnőtt posztreszuszcitációs ajánlás a 2015. évi guideline alapjain nyugszik, azonban kiegészült az elmúlt 5 évben folytatott, a témában releváns kutatások eredményeivel. Jelen referátum célja, hogy összefoglalja az ajánlás szerint, e témába vágóan megfogalmazott sarokpontokat, úgy mint a beteg  oxigenizációja és lélegeztetése, koronária angiográfi a, vérnyomás kontroll, terápiás maghőmérséklet kontroll, görcstevékenységekkontrollálása, intenzív terápiás ellátás, prognosztika a túlélés tekintetében, és a rehabilitáció.