bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fournier’s gangrene after insertion of thermo-expandable prostatic stent for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A case report
Authors: Jung Hee Chang , Kim Yeong Uk
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Blood purification for treatment of non-liquefied multiple liver abscesses and improvement of T-cell function: A case report
Authors: Tang Zhi-Qiang , Zhao Dan-Ping , Dong A-Jing , Li Hai-Bo
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Successful treatment of eyebrow intradermal nevi by shearing combined with electrocautery and curettage: Two case reports
Authors: Liu Cheng , Liang Jia-Li , Yu Jia-Lin , Hu Qun , Li Chang-Xing
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Triplet regimen as a novel modality for advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Zhao Ying , He Guo-Sheng , Li Gong
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Rapidly growing extensive polypoid endometriosis after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist discontinuation: A case report
Authors: Zhang De-Yu , Peng Chao , Huang Yan , Cao Jia-Chen , Zhou Ying-Fang
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Preserving finger length in a patient with symmetric digital gangrene under local anesthesia: A case report
Authors: Kim Keun Hyung , Ko In Chang , Kim Hoon , Lim Soo Yeon
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Reconstruction of the lower back wound with delayed infection after spinal surgery: A case report
Authors: Kim DoWon , Lim SooA , Eo SuRak , Yoon Jung Soo
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
Complete response of metastatic BRAF V600-mutant anaplastic thyroid cancer following adjuvant dabrafenib and trametinib treatment: A case report
Authors: Lee Sang Jae , Song Si-Youn , Kim Min Kyoung , Na Hyung Gyun , Bae Chang Hoon , Kim Yong-Dae , Choi Yoon Seok
Published: September 2023

In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
From Writing Lives to Scaling Lives in Joseph Priestley's Chart of Biography
Authors: Hanlon Aaron R.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Joseph Priestley is often credited with the invention of the timeline for representing past lives and events, mainly in the Chart of Biography (1765) and Chart of History (1769). These efforts place Priestley squarely within the history of data visualization. This article argues that we should also consider Priestley's Chart of Biography as part of the history of biography or life writing, particularly because Priestley's A Description of a Chart of Biography , a written account of the Chart 's purpose and methodology, accompanied the Chart itself. Toward that end, this article tracks the similarities between the epistemological and methodological aims of biographers such as Samuel Johnson and those of Priestley in his effort to represent lives "without the intervention of words," as he put it. In so doing, this article also identifies Priestley's contributions to the long history of the concept of data, from seventeenth- and eighteenth-century usages of the term to the formation of the modern "data subject," the representation of a person as an aggregation of available data about them.
Working with Fluids in Mary Collier's "The Woman's Labour"
Authors: Todd Lilith
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay centers Mary Collier's work with fluids as part of her lifelong profession of nurse and washerwoman to the content and form of her poem, "The Woman's Labour" (1739). By giving textured specificity to Collier's labor, my effort is to make meaningful her work itself, rather than only her working-class identity, to her poetic practice. The essay reviews the arguments that body fluids provide the feeling material for poetic rhythm. I then draw a parallel between the movement of body fluids as a mechanism for poetic rhythm and the regular movement of body fluids as necessary indicators of health in eighteenth-century understandings of the body. As Collier depicts the experience of gendered work in her poem, the specific work of maintaining healthy bodily flows leads to intimate fluid connections with the people the working woman cares for, and these connections produce sensations of bodily change and alienation. As Collier works with poetic form to manipulate the rhythmic feelings of bodies and move us towards troubling intimacies akin to the experiences of caretaking, her poetry becomes a form that holds the rhythms of bodies in fluid relationships.
Masculinity and Gatekeeping in Depictions of the Restoration Coffeehouse
Authors: Keating Erin
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Examining a wide range of literary attacks against London coffeehouses during the Restoration period, I argue that, far from embracing the democratizing elements of the coffeehouse, this literature reveals the ways that writers pushed back against the popularity of these new public spaces. My argument demonstrates the complex modes of gatekeeping revealed by the many attacks on these emerging publics that were being used to police the boundaries of traditional privileges and uphold dominant ideologies around status and, in the process, to empty the early coffeehouses of participants. These attacks were based in ideologies of gender, race, and status and were intimately tied to cultural anxieties about the free flow of certain types of information, often but not always political in nature. While critical and historical discussions of the early coffeehouses in England tend to focus on their links to the rising public sphere and the growth of participatory politics and public opinion in England, I argue that focusing on the literary attacks against the early coffeehouses demonstrates the complex resistances to and attempts at gatekeeping against these political changes that characterized the coffeehouses' early introduction into Restoration London.
Reading Utopia in 2022
Authors: Murray Hannah Lauren
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay encourages eighteenth-century scholars to read John Lithgow's utopian fiction Equality—A Political Romance (1802). Set in the protocommunist, protofeminist and anti-individualist island of Lithconia, Equality offers readers a world without financial property, class hierarchy, or gender inequality. This essay argues that Lithconia is a radical model for a possible future America that helps us understand today's pandemic and postpandemic crises as part of a history of inequality but also asks us to imagine moving beyond them. The second part of this essay examines Equality 's lack of radical racial politics, which prompts readers to ask not just where and when a better world exists but who it is for.
Direct wireless readout of fiber Bragg grating sensors using radio-over-fiber
Authors: Nordmeyer Ulrich , Kojucharow Konstantin , Thiel Torsten , Neumann Niels
Published: September 2023

Wireless readout of optical fiber sensors is of interest for a variety of applications. In the state of the art, the sensor data are digitized before the wireless transmission. We propose a wireless evaluation scheme for fiber Bragg gratings where the sensor signal is transmitted directly without any processing in a simplified sensor node. The underlying concept is explained in detail and validated experimentally. It is based on radio-over-fiber technology and evaluates not only the magnitude of the received analog electrical sensor signal but also the phase. Additionally, signal correction and signal processing schemes are discussed. A series of experimental measurements indicates not only advantages of the phase evaluation method over the magnitude evaluation method but also approves the general feasibility of the direct interrogation approach for wireless sensing applications. Future subjects of interest involve absolute accuracy considerations and maximum achievable sampling rates.
Optimization of a GaAs/AlGaAs p-i-n heterojunction nanowire solar cell for improved optical and electrical properties
Authors: Majumder Sambuddha , R. A. Krishnanunni , Ravindran Sooraj
Published: September 2023

GaAs/AlGaAs based nanowires are promising candidates for photovoltaic applications due to their high absorption coefficient, low surface reflection, and efficient collection of photogenerated carriers. This study focuses on optimizing the performance of p-i-n GaAs/AlGaAs nanowire solar cell arrays having a radial junction using optoelectronic simulations. The research investigates the optimal doping for the GaAs core and AlGaAs shell, as well as the impact of shell thickness and junction positions on solar cell performance. Additionally, the study examines the effect of various surface effects, including the presence of surface traps, surface recombination velocities, and associated lifetime degradation. Our studies find that a high doping density for the shell and core region is crucial for achieving an appropriate band configuration and carrier extraction. It also highlights that having a larger doping density is more important than having a larger lifetime. Finally, the research examines the effect of different aluminum compositions on photogeneration inside the nanowire and shows that having a high aluminum composition can confine most photogeneration to inner GaAs regions, potentially allowing for thicker AlGaAs shells, which can efficiently prevent surface recombination.
Lissajous MEMS laser beam scanner with uniform and high fill-factor projection for augmented reality display
Authors: Xu Bin , Xu Chenhao , Ji Yao , Zhang Bo , Li Jinhua
Published: September 2023

MEMS Laser beam scanning (LBS) has been identified as a key advancement for augmented reality (AR) displays due to its ability to create compact optical systems that generate bright, high-contrast images with minimal heat dissipation. This innovation can be attributed to the focus-free, efficient light-on-demand pixel projection mechanisms integral to LBS. The LBS, specifically in Lissajous-mode, outperforms the raster-mode in terms of larger scan angles and stability to external vibrations, by leveraging a MEMS mirror operating at bi-axial resonance. However, it tends to be hampered by small mirror aperture, low fill-factor, and inconsistent uniformity of image projection. In this research, a unique gimbal-less Lissajous MEMS scanner was proposed. It employs a bi-axial high frequency of 12,255 Hz and 7,182 Hz to achieve a resolution of 640 × 360 pixels and a video refresh rate of 57 Hz, all while maintaining a high image fill factor of 85.11%. The robust structure of the mirror is proven to sustain stable scanning under broad spectrum of external vibration disturbance up to 2,000 Hz. Furthermore, the large mirror diameter of 2 mm improves refined pixel projection and increased optical etendue for exit pupil. Mathematic model of Lissajous pixel-cells and image reconstruction simulation were established to validate the LBS's ability to generate a uniform and densely pixelated visual effect that fits for typical AR head-up display (AR-HUD). In a pioneering move, performance metric of figure-of-merit was defined to evaluate AR light-engines using varied picture-generation techniques, laying a foundation for guiding future AR system development.
Be/Si/Al multilayer mirrors as the most promising optical elements for spectroscopy and imaging in the spectral region of 17–32 nm
Authors: Pleshkov R. S. , Chkhalo N. I. , Durov K. V. , Polkovnikov V. N. , Shaposhnikov R. A. , Smertin R. M. , Zuev S. Yu.
Published: September 2023

The reflective and structural parameters of Be/Si/Al multilayer mirrors have been studied. The extent of stability of their X-ray optical characteristics has been demonstrated during storage in air for 4 years and during vacuum annealing at temperatures up to 100°C. A high reflectance of 62.5% was obtained, together with a spectral selectivity of λ/Δλ≈59 at a wavelength of 17.14 nm and 34%, with λ/Δλ ≈ 31 at a wavelength of 31.3 nm. It was shown that Si interlayers reduce the interlayer roughness from 0.45 to 0.20 nm.
Complex-valued trainable activation function hardware using a TCO/silicon modulator
Authors: Navarro-Arenas Juan , Parra Jorge , Sanchis Pablo
Published: September 2023

Artificial neural network-based electro-optic chipsets constitute a very promising platform because of its remarkable energy efficiency, dense wavelength parallelization possibilities and ultrafast modulation speeds, which can accelerate computation by many orders of magnitude. Furthermore, since the optical field carries information in both amplitude and phase, photonic hardware can be leveraged to naturally implement complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs). Operating with complex numbers may double the internal degrees of freedom as compared with real-valued neural networks, resulting in twice the size of the hardware network and, thus, increased performance in the convergence and stability properties. To this end, the present work revolves on the concept of CVNNs by offering a design, and simulation demonstration, for an electro-optical dual phase and amplitude modulator implemented by integrating a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) in a silicon waveguide structure. The design is powered by the enhancement of the optical-field confinement effect occurring at the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) condition, which can be tuned electro-optically in TCOs. Operating near the ENZ resonance enables large changes on the real and imaginary parts of the TCO’s permittivity. In this way, phase and amplitude (dual) modulation can be achieved in single device. Optimal design rules are discussed in-depth by exploring device’s geometry and voltage-dependent effects of carrier accumulation inside the TCO film. The device is proposed as a complex-valued activation function for photonic neural systems and its performance tested by simulating the training of a photonic hardware neural network loaded with our custom activation function.
Tunable broadband terahertz beam splitting using gated graphene metasurfaces [Invited]
Authors: Park Hyeongi , Jeong Sodam , Park Hyunwoo , Shim Jae-Eon , Lee Jaeyeong , Oh Donghak , Lee Kanghee , Kim Teun-Teun , Baek Soojeong , Min Bumki
Published: September 2023

Active control of split ratios in terahertz (THz) beam splitters holds substantial potential for applications in imaging and spectroscopy. In this study, we introduce an approach for electrically controlling THz beam splitting with near non-dispersive characteristics, using the metasurface hybridized with single-layer graphene. Specifically, the resonant frequency of the metasurface is meticulously chosen to provide an enhanced effective conductivity that is almost frequency-independent. Furthermore, the split ratio can be manipulated by adjusting the gate voltage applied to graphene, thereby altering the effective conductivity of the hybrid metasurface without affecting its non-dispersive transmission and reflection characteristics. The feasibility of our approach is confirmed by the near non-dispersive split ratio across a wide operating frequency range, from 0.5 to 1.5 THz. The demonstration of this efficient, broadband, and tunable beam splitting ability validates the potential of gated graphene metasurfaces for advanced THz applications.
Frequency modulation of Rydberg states by radio frequency electromagnetic fields
Authors: Mishra Nabendu
Published: September 2023

In this work, we demonstrate the generation of sidebands in electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) signal due to frequency modulation of Rydberg states in $^{87}\text{Rb}$ thermal vapor. An oscillating radio-frequency (RF) electric field generated through a pair of parallel-placed copper plates leads to modulation of the Rydberg state by virtue of Stark effect where the frequency and strength of the sidebands quantify the RF electric field present. The variation of the strength of the EIT peak and the sidebands with RF voltage is observed to vary as a function of the Bessel function of modulation index. It provides an estimate of the atomic polarizability in the medium, which for $54S_{1/2}$ state, is found to be $(h)\cdot1.01\times10^8$ $\text{Hz/(V/cm)}^2$.
Non-O ABO blood group genotypes differ in their associations with Plasmodium falciparum rosetting and severe malaria
Authors: Opi D. Herbert , Ndila Carolyne M. , Uyoga Sophie , Macharia Alex W. , Fennell Clare , Ochola Lucy B. , Nyutu Gideon , Siddondo Bethseba R. , Ojal John , Shebe Mohammed , Awuondo Kennedy O. , Mturi Neema , Peshu Norbert , Tsofa Benjamin , Band Gavin , Maitland Kathryn , Kwiatkowski Dominic P. , Rockett Kirk A. , Williams Thomas N. , Rowe J. Alexandra
Published: September 2023

Blood group O is associated with protection against severe malaria and reduced size and stability of P. falciparum-host red blood cell (RBC) rosettes compared to non-O blood groups. Whether the non-O blood groups encoded by the specific ABO genotypes AO, BO, AA, BB and AB differ in their associations with severe malaria and rosetting is unknown. The A and B antigens are host RBC receptors for rosetting, hence we hypothesized that the higher levels of A and/or B antigen on RBCs from AA, BB and AB genotypes compared to AO/BO genotypes could lead to larger rosettes, increased microvascular obstruction and higher risk of malaria pathology. We used a case-control study of Kenyan children and in vitro adhesion assays to test the hypothesis that “double dose” non-O genotypes (AA, BB, AB) are associated with increased risk of severe malaria and larger rosettes than “single dose” heterozygotes (AO, BO). In the case-control study, compared to OO, the double dose genotypes consistently had higher odds ratios (OR) for severe malaria than single dose genotypes, with AB (OR 1.93) and AO (OR 1.27) showing most marked difference (p = 0.02, Wald test). In vitro experiments with blood group A-preferring P. falciparum parasites showed that significantly larger rosettes were formed with AA and AB host RBCs compared to OO, whereas AO and BO genotypes rosettes were indistinguishable from OO. Overall, the data show that ABO genotype influences P. falciparum rosetting and support the hypothesis that double dose non-O genotypes confer a greater risk of severe malaria than AO/BO heterozygosity.
Anthelmintic efficacy of Holarrhena pubescens against Raillietina spp. of domestic fowl through ultrastructural, histochemical, biochemical and GLCM analysis
Authors: Saha Rachita , Gupta Manjil , Majumdar Rima , Saha Subrata , Kar Pradip Kumar
Published: September 2023

Globally, traditional knowledge systems are a powerhouse of information which can revolutionise the world, if decoded accurately and logically. Plant-based ethno-traditional and folklore curatives/medicines has a firm basis in the psyche of the common masses of West Bengal and Holarrhena pubescens is a representative example of it. This article communication on depicting the anthelmintic efficacy of ethanolic extract and Ethyl acetate fraction of the stem bark of Holarrhena pubescens against the cestode Raillietina spp. through efficacy studies, ultra-structural observations, histochemical and biochemical analysis on some tegumental enzymes i.e., Acid Phosphatase (AcPase), Alkaline Phosphatase (AlkPase), Adenosine Triphosphatase (ATPase) and 5ˈ-Nucleotidase (5ˈ-Nu) along with Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) analysis of histochemical study. Praziquantel was used as the reference drug. Investigations revealed 10mg/ml dosage of crude extract was the most efficacious dose and amongst the fractions the ethyl acetate fraction showed the most anthelmintic property. Ultrastructural studies through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) clearly depicted the damage in head, sucker, proglottids, proximal and distal cytoplasm (DC), microtriches (MT), basal lamina (BL), nuclear membrane (NM), and, nucleolus (NL) in the treated worms. Histochemical studies revealed decrease in staining intensity for all the tegumental enzymes in the treated worms compared to control. The GLCM analysis strongly supported the result of histochemical studies. Biochemical studies revealed marked reduction in enzyme activity in the treated worms with maximum reduction in the activity of 5ˈ- Nu (77.8%) followed by ATPase (63.17%).
When did the substantial loss of child linear growth occur?
Authors: Kumala Putri Dwi Sisca , Widodo Yekti , Gunardi Hartono , Kusharisupeni  , Besral  , Djahari Abas Basuni , Syafiq Ahmad , Achadi Endang L. , Bhutta Zulfiqar A.
Published: September 2023

Background

Epidemiological studies show that the height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) falter dramatically shortly after birth until the end of the first two years. Understanding these changes in linear growth in the first two years can help us understand the critical period of child linear growth and propose interventions.

Objectives

This study objectives were to describe the pattern of linear growth faltering and analyze the changes in length-for-age Z-scores (LAZs) throughout the first two years based on birthweight and length status.

Methods

This study analyzed 408 children, participants in Longitudinal Study on Child Growth and Development in Bogor, Indonesia. The linear growth pattern was described based on birthweight and length status. Birthweight and length status was categorized into normal and Small for Gestational Age (SGA). Changes in LAZs (Δ LAZs) in 0–6 months, 6–12 months, and 12–23 months were calculated. General Linear Model Univariate analysis was conducted to analyze the difference of Δ LAZ between SGA and normal children.

Results

Though full-term SGA children have significantly higher linear growth velocity during the first 6 months of the infancy period, full-term SGA children could not catch up with the attained growth/height of normal children throughout the first two years. Thus, full-term SGA children ended up with a higher prevalence of stunted. Both in SGA and normal children, the substantial loss of LAZ occurred between 0–6 months.

Conclusion

The finding in this study showed that the first 1000 days of life is still the best period in stunting prevention; however, the stunting prevention program should start earlier, focusing on the first 500 days of life, and potentially the prenatal period.
Simple Bayesian reconstruction and forecasting of stream water temperature for ecologists—A tool using air temperature, optionally flow, in a time series decomposition approach
Authors: Bal Guillaume , de Eyto Elvira
Published: September 2023

Mitigating the impacts of global warming on wildlife entails four practical steps. First, we need to study how processes of interest vary with temperature. Second, we need to build good temperature scenarios. Third, processes can be forecast accordingly. Only then can we perform the fourth step, testing mitigating measures. While having good temperature data is essential, this is not straightforward for stream ecologists and managers. Water temperature (WT) data are often short and incomplete and future projections are currently not routinely available. There is a need for generic models which address this data gap with good resolution and current models are partly lacking. Here, we expand a previously published hierarchical Bayesian model that was driven by air temperature (AT) and flow (Q) as a second covariate. The new model can hindcast and forecast WT time series at a daily time step. It also allows a better appraisal of real uncertainties in the warming of water temperatures in rivers compared to the previous version, stemming from its hybrid structure between time series decomposition and regression. This model decomposes all-time series using seasonal sinusoidal periodic signals and time varying means and amplitudes. It then links the contrasted frequency signals of WT (daily and six month) through regressions to that of AT and optionally Q for better resolution. We apply this model to two contrasting case study rivers. For one case study, AT only is available as a covariate. This expanded model further improves the already good fitting and predictive capabilities of its earlier version while additionally highlighting warming uncertainties. The code is available online and can easily be run for other temperate rivers.
A presaccadic perceptual impairment at the postsaccadic location of the blindspot
Authors: Smith Daniel T. , Beierholm Ulrik , Avery Mark
Published: September 2023

Saccadic eye movements are preceded by profound changes in visual perception. These changes have been linked to the phenomenon of ‘forward remapping’, in which cells begin to respond to stimuli that appear in their post-saccadic receptive field before the eye has moved. Few studies have examined the perceptual consequences of remapping of areas of impaired sensory acuity, such as the blindspot. Understanding the perceptual consequences of remapping of scotomas may produce important insights into why some neurovisual deficits, such as hemianopia are so intractable for rehabilitation. The current study took advantage of a naturally occurring scotoma in healthy participants (the blindspot) to examine pre-saccadic perception at the upcoming location of the blindspot. Participants viewed stimuli monocularly and were required to make stimulus-driven vertical eye-movements. At a variable latency between the onset of saccade target (ST) and saccade execution a discrimination target (DT) was presented at one of 4 possible locations; within the blindspot, contralateral to the blindspot, in post-saccadic location of the blindspot and contralateral to the post-saccadic location of the blindspot. There was a significant perceptual impairment at the post-saccadic location of the blindspot relative to the contralateral post-saccadic location of the blindspot and the post-saccadic location of the blindspot in a no-saccade control condition. These data are consistent with the idea that the visual system includes a representation of the blindspot which is remapped prior to saccade onset.
Cross-sectional study of physical activity, dietary habits, and mental health of veterinary students after lifting of COVID-19 pandemic measures
Authors: Luethy Daniela , Krueger Traci M. , Cuneo Erica , Varnes Julia R. , Hernandez Jorge A.
Published: September 2023

Mental illness is an important public health concern in veterinary students. Recent literature has demonstrated a negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on veterinary students’ mental health. Little literature to date has evaluated the mental health of veterinary students affected by the COVID-19 pandemic after most pandemic measures have been lifted. The objective of this study was to describe physical activity, diet, and mental health in veterinary students after pandemic measures were lifted. A secondary objective was to examine the association between depression symptoms and exposure factors in this cohort of veterinary students. In a cross-sectional study, veterinary students (n = 487) at a public university received an online survey with questions regarding their physical activity, diet, stress, and self-rated symptoms across 11 mental health domains. Logistic regression was used to quantify the association between exposure factors and depression symptoms. One-hundred and twelve students completed the survey. Sixty-three (56%) respondents met the criteria for concern within the mental health domain of depression, 75 (67%) for anxiety, and 16 (14%) for suicidal ideation. Fourth year students had the lowest weekly vigorous physical activity (median 0.5 hours). The odds of self-reported depression symptoms were 8 times lower in students engaged in high levels of vigorous exercise compared to students engaged in low levels, after controlling for number of years in the program (p = 0.02). Mental health concerns were high in this group of veterinary students.
The development of resistance to an inhibitor of a cellular protein reveals a critical interaction between the enterovirus protein 2C and a small GTPase Arf1
Authors: Viktorova Ekaterina G. , Gabaglio Samuel , Moghimi Seyedehmahsa , Zimina Anna , Wynn Bridge G. , Sztul Elizabeth , Belov George A.
Published: September 2023

The cellular protein GBF1, an activator of Arf GTPases (ArfGEF: Arf guanine nucleotide exchange factor), is recruited to the replication organelles of enteroviruses through interaction with the viral protein 3A, and its ArfGEF activity is required for viral replication, however how GBF1-dependent Arf activation supports the infection remains enigmatic. Here, we investigated the development of resistance of poliovirus, a prototype enterovirus, to increasing concentrations of brefeldin A (BFA), an inhibitor of GBF1. High level of resistance required a gradual accumulation of multiple mutations in the viral protein 2C. The 2C mutations conferred BFA resistance even in the context of a 3A mutant previously shown to be defective in the recruitment of GBF1 to replication organelles, and in cells depleted of GBF1, suggesting a GBF1-independent replication mechanism. Still, activated Arfs accumulated on the replication organelles of this mutant even in the presence of BFA, its replication was inhibited by a pan-ArfGEF inhibitor LM11, and the BFA-resistant phenotype was compromised in Arf1-knockout cells. Importantly, the mutations strongly increased the interaction of 2C with the activated form of Arf1. Analysis of other enteroviruses revealed a particularly strong interaction of 2C of human rhinovirus 1A with activated Arf1. Accordingly, the replication of this virus was significantly less sensitive to BFA than that of poliovirus. Thus, our data demonstrate that enterovirus 2Cs may behave like Arf1 effector proteins and that GBF1 but not Arf activation can be dispensable for enterovirus replication. These findings have important implications for the development of host-targeted anti-viral therapeutics.
Transdisciplinary reflections on the occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1968: Didactic use of the protest song in social science education
Authors: Labischová Denisa , Kusák Jiří
Published: September 2023

Linking the knowledge of related school subjects (history, civics and music), transdisciplinary didactics is one of the current trends in education. The aim of this article is to create an analytical-interpretive model for the didactic use of protest songs in social science education, supplemented by examples of learning tasks for pupils. The article describes the historical context of the events in Czechoslovakia in August 1968. The research focuses on the analysis and interpretation of the lyrics and music of selected protest songs to create a general analytical-interpretive model usable in school teaching of social sciences. The research into selected protest songs has found both similarities and differences in the motifs and symbols used, as well as in the overall character of the lyrics and melodies. The constructed analytical-interpretive model in connection with the didactic use of protest songs includes the level of motivation, analysis and interpretation, and creative and productive activities. The specific questions and tasks for pupils are applicable in school practice.
Adhesion between orthodontic bracket and dental ceramics
Authors: Malkiewicz Konrad , Krasowski Michał , Bartczak Jakub , Radziejewska Marta , Janas-Naze Anna , Horodyska Estera
Published: September 2023

The strength of the connection between orthodontic brackets and sandblasted dental ceramics was evaluated. The strength of the lock-ceramics connection was determined in four time intervals. Based on the obtained results, basic statistics were calculated. For the comparative analysis of average values, the following were used: ANOVA analysis of variance and Tukey's HSD post-hoc test at the significance level of α = 0.05. The statistical analysis performed did not show any influence of the method of surface treatment between orthodontic brackets and ceramics. At the same time, it has been shown that with the passage of time of storing samples in aqueous environment, the quality of the connection decreases significantly, regardless of the surface treatment method used.
cuestión de los universales
Authors: Aznar Sala Francisco Javier
Published: September 2023

La cuestión por los universales comienza con el franciscano Juan Escoto Eriúgena y llega hasta finales del siglo XIV. El momento culminante de los universales se da en el siglo XII, pero estará presente en todas las propuestas filosóficas desde entonces, ya que trata de entender la relación entre los conocimientos abstractos con sus correspondencias. El problema que se sustancia con los universales es el de comprender si el mundo es lo que es porque en la mente lo organizamos de ese modo o si es el mismo mundo el que nos aporta los conceptos. Cada uno de estos conceptos han sido suficientemente analizados a lo largo de la historia del pensamiento. En el presente, lejos de abandonarse la cuestión, necesita ser repensada, pues parece recorrerse el camino inverso; es decir, realidades existentes son orilladas y pasan al campo de lo invisible y lo irreal asumen un protagonismo cuasi omnímodo.
O Ciclo de Retroalimentação da Informação e Conhecimento no Século Digital (XXI)
Authors: Cavalcante Cerqueira José Nestor
Published: September 2023

Dada à dinâmica da produção massiva de informação e a velocidade de transmissão dessa, pelos meios de comunicação, acelerados pelos cada vez mais por sofisticados recursos da tecnologia da informação, presente neste século digital (XXI), o conhecimento advindo da informação, ganha aspectos da mesma dinâmica da informação, trazendo enormes desafios aos agentes que participam do ambiente comunicacional que hora se delineia nesse século digital, sejam especialistas ou usuários, em função do processo de constante retroalimentação, em que informação e conhecimento, compartilham uma tênue fronteira. Nesse sentido caberia questionamento relacionado à proeminência dos termos em separado, ou se não estamos falando de um termo que deveria ser uno, mas ainda longe de esgotar toda a discussão envolta nos conceitos dos referidos termos. Para fazer frente a esse questionamento, se propõe uma revisão bibliográfica no sentido da visão dos termos no momento presente e da referida dinâmica envolta pelos mesmos, com a proposta de justaposição dos termos: informação e conhecimento, de forma a estabelecer bases mais claras para a melhor fluência dos mesmos no ambiente comunicacional, por parte dos agentes nele inseridos.
Domination of Filamentous Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria and Prediction of Metabolic Pathways in Microbial Mats from the Hot Springs of Al Aridhah
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Qureshi A. K. , Srinivasan S. , Ullah R. , Bibi F. , Rehan M. , Khan S. B. , Azhar E. I.
Published: September 2023

Microbial mats in hot springs form a dynamic ecosystem and support the growth of diverse communities with broad-ranging metabolic capacity. In this study, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to analyse microbial communities in mat samples from two hot springs in Al Aridhah, Saudi Arabia. Putative metabolic pathways of the microbial communities were identified using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt). Filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria associated with phylum Chloroflexi were abundant (> 50 %) in both hot springs at 48 °C. Chloroflexi were mainly represented by taxa Chloroflexus followed by Roseiflexus. Cyanobacteria of genus Arthrospira constituted 3.4 % of microbial mats. Heterotrophic microorganisms were mainly represented by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. Archaea were detected at a lower relative abundance (< 1 %). Metabolic pathways associated with membrane transport, carbon fixation, methane metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and degradation of aromatic compounds were commonly found in microbial mats of both hot springs. In addition, pathways for production of secondary metabolites and antimicrobial compounds were predicted to be present in microbial mats. In conclusion, microbial communities in the hot springs of Al Aridhah were composed of diverse bacteria, with taxa of Chloroflexus being dominant.
Kaempferol Induces Cell Death in A2780 Ovarian Cancer Cells and Increases Their Sensitivity to Cisplatin by Activation of Cytotoxic Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mediated Autophagy and Inhibition of Protein Kinase B
Authors: El-Kott Attalla Farag , Shati A. A. , Al-Kahtani M. A. , Alharbi S. A.
Published: September 2023

This study investigated whether kaempferol could inhibit ovarian cancer (OC) by activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy, and tested its effect on the sensitivity of OC cells to cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, DPP). To study the effect of kaempferol on activation of ER stress and autophagy and find out whether its mechanism of action involves calcium (Ca2+), A2780 OC cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 for 24 h with or without kaempferol (40 μmol/l) in the presence or absence of autophagy or ER stress inhibitors or a calcium chelator. To study the effect of kaempferol on the sensitivity of OC cells to DPP and the potential involvement of modulation of protein kinase B (Akt) expression, A2780 OC were incubated with kaempferol and increasing concentrations of DPP (0–20 μmol/l) and then with kaempferol at its predetermined IC50 (6.8 μmol/l). Compared to control cells, kaempferol increased cell apoptosis (158 %) and decreased viability (53.17 %) and proliferation (49.17 %) of A2780 OC cells. Concomitantly, it increased the protein levels of GRP78, PERK, ATF6, IRE-1, LC3II, beclin 1, and caspase 4, thus suggesting activation of cytotoxic autophagy. This was mediated by increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels. In addition, kaempferol increased the sensitivity of A2780 cells to DPP (IC50 from 6.867 ± 0.99 to 3.73 ± 0.59 μmol/l) by decreasing the protein levels of p-Akt (0.31 ± 0.09 vs 0.12 ± 0.005). In conclusion, the findings of this study encourage the use of kaempferol alone or in combination with DPP to inhibit tumorigenesis of ovarian cells.
Review on the role of indigenous plants and plant derivatives of Ayurveda in bone healing
Authors: Chouhan Poona Nath , Azimov Abdulahat , Jabborova Dilfuza , Singh Sachidanand
Published: September 2023

Ayurveda is an ancient medical science, that fundamentally manages the various disease by using plants and their derivatives. Bone healing is a complex process that needs restoration anatomically and physiologically. Ayurveda holds a rich knowledge of plant and their derivatives which possess certain bioactive compounds which act differently. Due to severe side effects by using synthetically derived compounds which have adverse effects like gastrointestinal bleeding, delayed blood clotting, and treatment lengthening, the use of synthetic compounds and minerals with NSAID on fractured bones also leads to low compliance among patients, alternate medicine is much needed. Earlier due to a lack of scientific studies and standardization of compounds, acceptance was not as per mark for the traditional system of medicine. However, with the rise in traditional practices their usage is also rising along with their reporting of their clinical efficacy creating a new hope to the world however due to lack of scientific support, they are not widely accepted. The article aims to review the available data to support the evaluation of plants described in Ayurveda. Textual literature, online resources, and electronic media are used to collect data. The review concluded that yet more research work has to be carried out with a modern approach to validate with more clarity.
Novel Raviart–Thomas Basis Functions on Anisotropic Finite Elements
Authors: Bertrand Fleurianne
Published: September 2023

Recently,

H
⁢

(
div
)

\mathbf{H}(\mathrm{div})

-conforming finite element families were proven to be successful on anisotropic meshes, with the help of suitable interpolation error estimates.
In order to ensure corresponding large-scale computation, this contribution provides novel Raviart–Thomas basis functions, robust regarding the anisotropy of a given triangulation.
This new set of basis functions on simplices uses a hierarchical approach, and the orientation of the basis functions is inherited from the lowest-order case.
In the higher-order case, the new basis functions can be written as a combination of the lowest-order Raviart–Thomas elements and higher-order Lagrange-elements.
This ensures robustness regarding the mesh anisotropy and assembling strategies as demonstrated in the numerical experiments.
Determination of viscosity and critical concentrations of commercial low methoxyl pectin
Authors: Purnomo Eko Hari , Nabilah Uray Ulfah , Sitanggang Azis Boing
Published: September 2023

Determining viscosity and critical concentrations is essential for industrial application of pectin solution. Critical concentration can be determined rheologically based on zero shear viscosity, apparent viscosity, specific viscosity, and consistency index of dilute polymer solution. Direct experimental comparison of the aforementioned methods for critical concentration determination is still lacking. Therefore, this study aims to experimentally compare different viscosity methods to determine critical concentration of three different pectin solutions (sun flower, citrus, and apple). The three pectin sources at concentrations of 0.1–3.0 % (w/v) showed Newtonian to shear thinning behavior. The critical concentration ranges of pectin, from the lowest to highest, was sunflower (0.6792−0.9589 % (w/v)), citrus (0.7172−1.0347 % (w/v)), and apple (0.7645−1.1233 % (w/v)). Critical concentration determined based on consistency index was relatively close to the result obtained from zero shear viscosity. Whereas critical concentrations of the pectin solutions determined from specific viscosity and apparent viscosity were significantly different from critical concentration determined from zero shear viscosity.