bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validez y confiabilidad de la prueba Running Memory Span
Authors: Barreyro Juan Pablo , Injoque-Ricle Irene , Formoso Jesica , Burin Debora Inés
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Running Memory Span Task. This task is a standard measure to assess working memory. The task was administered in a single session to 106 undergraduate students, along with other working memory tests: the reading span task, the digit span task and the no-words span task. The Running Memory Span Task showed a good reliability index (Cronbach’s alpha = .78, Kuder Richardson = .79). It presents positive and significant correlations with the rest of the verbal working memory tasks, and the confirmatory factor analysis showed that de Running Memory Span Task assess an executive component of verbal working memory. These indicate that this task can be considered an appropriate, valid and reliable measure of the executive function of verbal working memory, associated with an inhibition processes.
Datos normativos del Sistema Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas (IAPS) en una muestra argentina
Authors: Irrazabal Natalia , Aranguren María , Zaldua Emanuel , Di Giuliano Natalia
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to validate in Argentinean sample six sets of images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Participants were 524 participants (246 men and 278 women) who assessed valence, arousal and control, through the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), in 358 images belonging to sets 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 14 of the IAPS. The results show a distribution of the images as a boomerang in the affective space defined by the dimensions of valence and activation. These results are consistent with those found in other countries (United States, Spain, Chile and Colombia, among others). More dispersion and less inclination were observed in the positive pole than in the negative one. Significant differences between men and women were also observed, women showed greater activation and less dominance. The absence of differences in valence dimension supports this dimension as the main axis around which emotions are organized.
Los inicios de la psicología científica en Chile
Authors: Caycho Rodríguez Tomás
Published: October 2024

Research on the history of psychology in Chile, and in many other Latin American countries, has developed rapidly in recent years. An expression of this is the copious literature that since the first years of the new century has been published on the subject in the southern country (Laborda & Quezada, 2010; Luco, 2010; Rodriguez & Villegas, 2007; Salas & Lizama, 2013; Villegas & Rodríguez, 2005; Winkler, 2007). In this context, the publication Raíces de la Psicología Científica en Chile (Salas, 2015) is reviewed and commented on, as part of its line of work in the history of psychology, the results of which are reflected in numerous articles on the subject and in books.
Escenarios posibles para la dispersión de las especies: en contra de la marea
Authors: Arteaga Avedaño María Paula
Published: October 2024

The Monkey's Voyage persuades readers to marvel at the history of biogeography, its major and minor exponents, the challenges it has gone through and the current objectives. Alan de Queiroz embarks on the explanation of the reasons why the vicariance became unquestionable and his mission is to argue why the findings that contradict it tend to have a bad reputation. For example, long-distance dispersion. The compilation of this book vindicates the integrative vision of biogeography. However, it must be recognized that as well as physiognomic explanations, possible integrative theories can also be enriched with behavioural explanations.
Recepción de la Psicología Positiva en la Argentina: un estudio socio-bibliométrico de artículos de revistas científicas
Authors: Mariñelarena-Dondena Luciana
Published: October 2024

This historiographic research analyzes the reception of Positive Psychology in Argentina during 1998-2012. For this purpose, a bibliometric study of six scientific journals was carried out assessing all the publications that belong to the movement of Positive Psychology. From the methodological point of view, this paper is a historiographic study that can be considered an ex post facto research according to Montero and León classification (2007). The results of this bibliometric study show that in terms of the history of ideas, Argentina had the influence of the main stream in Positive Psychology driven by Martin Seligman. However, the reception and development of this movement in our country was clearly shaped and energized by the pioneering work of María Martina Casullo.
Acerca de las implicancias sociales de la neurociencia cognitiva contemporánea: una entrevista con Michael I. Posner
Authors: Lipina Sebastián Javier , Lipina Guido Martin
Published: October 2024

Michael Ira Posner (MP) was born in the city of Cincinnati (Ohio, United States) on September 12, 1936, during the last stage of the Great Depression. When he was two months old, his family moved to San Bernardino, California, where his father, Philip, first worked for the defense industry during the years of World War II, and then as a social worker with the Jewish community. His mother, Rose, was primarily a housewife, but she also sold shoes on weekends. The people who most influenced MP during her childhood were her father and brother Jerome (JP). The first, for his extraordinary dedication to helping others, which was always a powerful example throughout MP's life. The second, because he was his permanent guide throughout his personal life and professional career. (NdEd: Continued, first paragraph is transcribed as Summary).
Psicologia como Ciência do Comportamento na atuação e obra de Carolina Martuscelli Bori: décadas de 1950 e 1960.
Authors: Cândido Gabriel Vieira , Massimi Marina
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to analyze how the professional practice and publications of Carolina Martusceli Bori (1924-2004) in 1950s and 1960s contributed to the development of psychology as a behavioral science in Brazil. The documents analyzed were produced from the oral history method as well as article written by her. Her acting presented here happened in a period of constitution of Psychology in Brazil and the sectors in which she worked shows her preoccupation with the training in psychology and the inclusion of experimentation in this training. The concept of behavior used by her is not unique and is based on several perspectives in Psychology. Her acting was relating to the teaching practice which allowed to transmit her idea about Science and Psychology. For this reason, we can say she spread her ideas in the academy in Brazil.
Breves apuntes acerca de un libro olvidado: la historia de la psicología comparada de Rubén Ardila
Authors: Caycho Rodríguez Tomás
Published: October 2024

Within the abundant bibliographic production of Colombian psychologist Ruben Ardila is a small text on the history of comparative psychology, outlining the most important events in this area of research until the 1960s. This is a work entitled History Comparative Psychology, published in 1968 by the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, National University of San Marcos. In this work is presented a major effort to try to visualize comparative psychology internationally, their professional and academic potential. The aim of this paper is to analyze the historical place of work cited in the history of Latin American psychology and to present some characteristics that express the work currently forty- seven years of its publication.
Tres décadas del test de la falsa creencia
Authors: Balmaceda Tomas
Published: October 2024

The same paper that gave rise to Folk Psychology as an area of relevance in Philosophy of Mind inspired the False Belief Task, an experiment that undergone numerous transformations over the years and were interpreted in different –sometimes even incompatible- ways. Three decades after its first use in the area, the test is as valid as ever and continues generating controversy among philosophers and psychologists. The paper aims to track and systematize its genealogy, elucidating the conceptual basis behind it, and it tries to explain why the False Belief Task is still considered an adequate way to determine if an individual is in possession of Folk Psychological skills (i.e. mind-reading abilities).
Hacia la elaboración de criterios para la estimulación de la flexibilidad cognitiva mediante juegos digitales: aportes fundados en un estudio empírico
Authors: Cervigni Mauricio , Bruno Franco , Alfonso Guillermo
Published: October 2024

Stimulation of executive functions (EF) using digital games is a practice that has experienced significant growth in different areas. In view of the objective pursued, it is necessary to have clear criteria for selecting the software to use. This article focuses on a correlational study between different FE transversely evaluated in a pediatric population (N = 40) of the second degree of elementary education in the city of Rosario (Argentina). It intends to organize the data obtained with current theoretical models looking selection criteria applicable to the stimulation of cognitive flexibility videogames. Significant, altought moderate, correlations were found between this function and attention, memory and inhibitory control; links that underlie the lines suggested in the discussion.
Estimulación de procesos cognitivos en niños de 4 años: comparaciones entre formatos individual y grupal de intervención
Authors: Segretin María Soledad , Hermida María Julia , Prats Lucía María , Fracchia Carolina Soledad , Colombo Jorge Augusto , Lipina Sebastián Javier
Published: October 2024

The present study examines the effects of two cognitive training modalities (implemented in the year 2005) on cognitive performance in a set of tasks demanding attention, working memory, flexibility and planning processes. Four-year-old children were trained during four months, and two modalities of cognitive training were implemented: Individual-modality (n = 49) -designed based on a previous intervention program; Group-modality (n = 143) -designed to reduce adults/children ratio and to reduce the gap between laboratory training experiences and school contexts. Results suggest that: (a) both modalities of training promoted gains in the cognitive tasks performance; (b) there were differences according to the cognitive process: for attention, children in the group-modality had lower increments, while for memory and planning children in the same group had higher increments after training.
La autobiografía como aprendizaje esperado y comportamiento lingüístico en niños rurales mexicanos
Authors: Bazán-Ramírez Aldo , Ferrari-Belmont Aldo M. , Castro-Melo Greys , Delgado-Sánchez Ulises , Hernández-Rodríguez César
Published: October 2024

130 autobiographies from sixth grade children from public countryside schools of the state of Morelos, México, were analyzed (66 male students and 64 female students). Taking as a reference the expected learning “Write an autobiography” which is part of “Text production” competence, from the official curriculum. The autobiographies were analyzed in two levels, as academic achievement (formal level) and as a psychological interaction (functional level). Within the first level, it was observed that only the 23.8% achieved all the curricular standards established. In the functional level of analysis, it was found that the children tend to refer more frequently to events from their scholar activities than from their family life. Furthermore, it was found that the curricular standards of the autobiography and the diversity of events referred by the children do not correlate, which suggests that the official curricular standards must be reviewed with the purpose to include a functional dimension in teaching  autobiographical writing competence.
Correspondencia entre Walter Blumenfeld y Edwin Boring
Authors: Castañeda Llanos María Claudia , Caycho Tomás
Published: October 2024

After the 80th anniversary of the arrival of the German psychologist Dr. Walter Blumenfeld in Peru, the book Correspondence between Walter Blumenfeld and Edwin G. Boring (1956 - 1958) is published. It gathers part of the unpublished correspondence that the German psychologist, nationalized Peruvian, maintained with diverse personalities of Peruvian and international psychology and culture. The book joins a set of publications related to the history of psychology in Peru that, although in the Andean country and many Latin American countries is not a widely studied field, is one of the areas that has more to explore, where authors such as Walter Blumenfeld can not be forgotten by any person related to psychology, whether student or professional.
La teoría de la mente como proceso mediador del funcionamiento social. Evaluación en el Síndrome de Turner
Authors: Aguilar María José , Zabala Maria Lucía , López Morales Hernán , Urquijo Sebastián , López Marcela
Published: October 2024

The theory of mind is the ability to infer other people´s mind. Turner´s Syndrome is a chromosomal disorder characterized by an atypical development of certain brain areas involved in social cognitive processes, existing empirical evidence that support woman with this diagnosis present impairments in specific aspects involved in social functioning. Aim: characterize Theory of Mind in women with diagnosis of Turner´s Syndrome. Sample: 20 women with diagnosis of Turner´s Syndrome and its respective control cases. Methods: Metaphoric Communications and Strange Stories of Happé. Results and discussion: statistically significant differences were found between women with diagnosis of TS and their control group in many of the sub dimensions of strange stories, obtaining, significant differences in total score, with high effect magnitude. The social difficulties in women with diagnosis of Turner´s Syndrome may be associated to an impairment in Theory of Mind related to recognition of non-literal senses, implying a dephasing in the pragmatic aspects of social communication.
Caracterización de riesgo diferencial-demográfico en urgencias psicológicas: intento de suicidio y otros motivos de consulta
Authors: López Steinmetz Lorena Cecilia
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to determine whether demographic risk markers sex and age differentially characterize suicide attempt from other psychological consultations in emergencies. Case records assisted due to psychological consultations in the Emergency Service of the main polyvalent hospital of Jujuy during a four-year period were analyzed. The results suggest that sex is not a differential - demographic risk marker in patients assisted by suicide attempt. On the other hand, irrespective of sex, the age as demographic risk marker differentially characterizes patients assisted by suicide attempt from those who are assisted by other psychological consultations in emergencies. The 15-24 age range differentially characterizes consultants by suicide attempt both female and male. Further studies are needed to determine characteristics of suicidal risk that are typical of local casuistry.
La naturaleza del lenguaje: un reto y una propuesta
Authors: Garcia Ramirez Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Since Frege (1892), the philosophical tradition has made sense of linguistic practice from the point of view of a compositional grammar. In this paper I have two goals in mind. First, I want to present a novel challenge that any theory of language must meet. According to this challenge a satisfactory account of language must not only include ordinary uses of language, but also an account of language acquisition, language development, grammatical changes through history within and across languages, and fictional uses of language. In arguing for this challenge I will make clear that the traditional compositional account is unable to meet the challenge, unless it comes forward with an independently supported empirical account of the problematic evidence. If it can do so, then the traditional account will be in much better shape, with new evidence on its behalf. My second goal consists in sketching a new alternative account of the compositional nature of language (the open view). This view gives place to a new theory, one that can successfully meet the challenge. Furthermore, this new proposal succeeds while presenting a simpler explanation with a greater predictive power.
Recordando a un maestro: Julio F. Villegas Bustos (1944-2016)
Authors: Caycho Tomás
Published: October 2024

We grieve the loss of Julio F. Villegas Bustos, an outstanding Chilean psychologist who ceased to exist on March 11, 2016, after many years of struggle against a painful illness. Previously (Arias, 2016; Caycho, 2016; Salas, 2016), Villegas' virtues as a friend, an academic and a citizen endowed, like few others, with moral integrity, love for freedom and democracy, as well as permanently devoted to the integral formation of youth have been commented on. Julio Villegas was born in 1944 in the city of San Carlos, Ñuble, Chile and studied psychology at the University of Chile in 1964. About his beginnings of university studies Julio Villegas mentions: "For a choice of educational principles, I always studied in the public system and thus completed the basic level, sharing the classroom and activities with my peers who represented the greatest social, religious and cultural heterogeneity" (Villegas, 2012, p. 277).
Mechanism, explanatory pluralism and efficient coding explanation in neuroscience
Authors: Barberis Sergio Daniel
Published: October 2024

There is a growing debate within the philosophical community about the unity or disunity of neuroscience. The new Mechanist philosophers claim that neuroscience exhibits a mosaic unity –one in which different explanatory models may contribute to the explanation of some explanandum phenomenon ? by setting causal constraints on the space of possible mechanisms for ?. Non-mechanist philosophers frequently adopt some form or another of explanatory pluralism. In this paper I argue, first, that Mechanism is compatible with a popular version of explanatory pluralism, which I call causally restricted pluralism. Then, I present a liberalized version of explanatory pluralism –one according to which there are models in neuroscience that are explanatory of some phenomenon ? but that do not set any causal constraint on the space of possible mechanisms for ?. Finally, I argue that there is at least one pattern of explanation in neuroscience –namely, efficient coding explanation– that is better accounted for by liberal pluralism.
Remoción de artículo
Authors: Editorial Nota
Published: October 2024

El artículo “Análisis factorial exploratorio: bases conceptuales y metodológicas” publicado en la Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento (2010, 2(1), 58-66, y 2014, 6(3), 71-80) ha sido retirado de publicación. Se han detectado partes semejantes a una publicación previa en formato de capítulo de libro, de autoría de uno de los firmantes del artículo en coautoría con otra persona. La Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento (RACC) sólo publica artículos originales e inéditos, y no admite aquellos que hayan sido publicados total o parcialmente ni los que están en proceso de publicación en otra revista o canal de publicación, independientemente del idioma que se haya utilizado. A su vez, tampoco publica artículos que hayan sido realizados sin los permisos correspondientes o que hayan incumplido lineamientos legales y/o éticos comúnmente aceptados en la comunidad científica y documentados en normas internacionales.
El organizar espontáneo: narrativas de los vecinos de Nueva Córdoba ante situaciones amenazantes
Authors: Moreno López Alejandra , Torres Juan Emilio
Published: October 2024

Situations of tension and social chaos are extremely unfortunate; however, they offer opportunities to contribute to organizational studies. In this paper, through the analysis of a particular case, we study how the process of organizing between neighbors is originated in one of the most significant neighborhood in Cordoba- Argentina. Through narratives in their spontaneous interaction, neighbors enacted a collective action in response to threatening events they faced.
Efectos de la longitud del ciclo sobre el ajuste comportamental
Authors: Serrano Mario , García Gustavo
Published: October 2024

In order to empirically test progressive complexity and inclusivity assumptions of the taxonomic proposal by Ribes and López, in the present study the effects of different T cycle lengths on behavioral adjustment were evaluated. Three groups of rats were exposed to non-contingent water delivery, contingent water delivery, and a two-choice conditional discrimination situation for water delivery, between successive phases. Between groups of rats the duration of the T cycle was 15, 30, and 60 s long. A generalized adjustment index was calculated in all three conditions of water delivery. It was observed that the generalized adjustment index decreased across water delivery conditions and increased with the cycle length. The results are discussed highlighting the effects of the cycle length.
Valoración de comportamientos sexuales mediante el método de pares comparados en una muestra española
Authors: Blanc Molina Andrea , Rojas Tejada Antonio José
Published: October 2024

Sexual attitudes have been inferred from test and scale scores, where all items have the same value. But these items could contribute differentially in the construct measure, being able to capture these differences between items through stimulus-centered scaling. The aim of the study was to verify if six stimuli referring to sexual behaviors have different scale values (weights) in a continuum of attitudinal valuation. Five hundred people selected by quota sampling participated. A questionnaire consisting of 15 pairs of sexual behaviors was applied individually. People had to select from each pair the behavior they valued more positively. The results show that the sexual behaviors’ order in the valuation continuum is similar in the three subsamples (with steady partner, with casual partner, and without partner). Conventional behaviors have less weight in the construct than unconventional behaviors.
Efectos de la retroalimentación para las respuestas correctas o incorrectas en igualación de la muestra de segundo orden
Authors: Serrano Mario , Flores Carlos , Peralta Sandino , Martínez Darcy
Published: October 2024

Four groups of college students were exposed to a second-order matching-to-sample task under color and shape similarity relations, as well as to various transfer tests in which new stimuli, new pertinent matching modalities and a new matching relation were presented. During training, between groups both correct and incorrect matching responses produced feedback, only incorrect matching responses produced feedback, only correct matching responses produced feedback, or neither matching response produced feedback. Although performance was enhanced from the pretest to the tests in most cases, solely feedback for only incorrect matching responses produced the transfer of performance to the new matching relation. These results are comparatively discussed in relation to those observed in previous experiments, highlighting the functional role of feedback omission.
Evitación y contacto en función de diferentes perfiles en estereotipos de moralidad y reacciones emocionales hacia personas de etnia gitana
Authors: Sayans-Jiménez Pablo , Ordóñez Carrasco Jorge , Rojas Tejada Antonio J.
Published: October 2024

In Spain, the persistence of the stereotypes and prejudices toward the gypsy ethnic people perpetuates the negative behaviors toward them. This study analyze two different profiles of the majority group defined by their scores on variables of stereotypes of morality and emotional reactions of fear and anger, all directed towards gypsy ethnic people. The study was conducted on a sample similar in composition to the Spanish population in terms of age and sex. The results confirm that both profiles (i.e., Positive Profile and Negative Profile) show differences in their behavioral tendencies of avoidance and in the quality of the contact with persons of gypsy ethnic people.
Rostros, gestos y emociones: procesamiento diferencial de las expresiones faciales emocionales en población infanto-juvenil según el sexo
Authors: López Morales Hernán , Agulla Lucía , Zabaletta Verónica , Vivas Leticia , López Marcela
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Recognition of emotion in facial expressions is the process by which facial features are perceived and analyzed for the identification of the emotional state they denote. While this skill has been extensively studied, data is inconsistent on the topic of gender differences. Objective. To characterize basic emotion recognition in children and adolescents, establishing if there are distinctive profiles based on gender. Method. A digital adaptation of the Test Pictures of Facial Affects was used on a sample consisting of 147 subjects of both sexes, between 9 and 18 years old. Results. Women presented a superior performance in the recognition of expressions of disgust and surprise and lower reaction times in the set of basic emotions, while males stood out in fear recognition. Discussion. This research refreshes the nature vs. nurture debate, considering that processes of socialization, as well as biological and phylogenetic factors, are unavoidable elements to understand this process.
Penggunaan Harta Bersama (Gono-Gini) Harus Melalui Persetujuan Suami Dan Istri
Authors: Ma’rifat Muchammad Ariyahdul
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan yaitu untuk mengenal aturan pemanfaatan harta perolehan dalam perkawinan. Harta bersama dalam konsep yuridis dapat diartikan sebagai harta kekayaan suami dan isteri yang didapatkan selama perkawinan atau dengan kata lain harta bersama atau yang biasa disebut harta gono gini ini merupakan harta yang dihasilkan oleh sepasang suami isteri melalui kerja sama antara keduanya semasa berlangsungnya perkawinan. Suami dan Isteri memiliki hak guna dan hak milik atas harta bersama, dengan begitu keduanya memiliki hak yang sama dalam pemanfaatan harta bersama tersebut dengan syarat atas persetujuan dari pasangannya. Hal tersebut erat kaitaannya bahwa suami atau isteri tanpa persetujuan pihak lain tidak diperbolehkan menjual atau memindahkan harta bersama dengan ketentuan pada Pasal 36 Undang-Undang Perkawwinan Tahun 1974, KUHPerdata pada Pasal 124 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam, pada Pasal 91 hingga 93. Dalam kehidupan masyarakat pada umumnya, perizinan pemanfaatan harta bersama masih sangat minim disadari terutama untuk harta bersama yang nilai materiil nya tidak signifikan berpengaruh pada perekonomian keluarga.Penelitian yang ini menggunakan metode yang bersifat kualitatif yakni menjabarkan atau mengumpulkan bahan bersumber pada pustaka terkait teori mengenai ketentuan pemanfaatan harta bersama dalam perkawinan.
Features of the legal mechanism for ensuring national security of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the conditions of participation in the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors:   Kazakh-American Free University, Umitchinova B. , Menzyuk G. ,   Kazakh-American Free University
Published: October 2024

The article examines the problems of functioning of the mechanism for ensuring the national security of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a participant in the Eurasian Economic Union. The activities of the EAEU as an international organization for regional economic integration are aimed at creating favorable conditions for the development and increasing the competitiveness of the economies of its member states. At the same time, a single economic space, a common external customs border, and the competence of supranational bodies of the Union lead to challenges and threats to the national security of its members. Effective counteraction to these challenges and threats is impossible without an effective mechanism for ensuring national security, which, under the conditions of Kazakhstan’s membership in the Union, is ensured not only at the national (domestic) level, but also at the international (at the EAEU level) levels. In the process of research, an idea was formed of the legal mechanism for ensuring the national security of the Republic of Kazakhstan under the conditions of membership in the EAEU, a systematic and comprehensive analysis of its basic elements was given, and shortcomings in the functioning of this mechanism that pose threats to the national security of the Republic of Kazakhstan were identified. The authors proposed recommendations for improving the mechanism for ensuring national security of Kazakhstan in order to respect national interests in the context of participation in integration processes.
The legal basis for the use of digital technologies in the registration of rights to natural resources
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Japarkulov D. , Gussev M. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Baideldinov D. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: October 2024

Currently, digital technologies and artificial intelligence are increasingly being used in our country to solve public administration issues. One of the tasks of public administration is to control registration activities in the registration of ownership and use rights to natural resources. The current registration procedure is characterized by time costs, paper turnover, corruption risks, and the possibility of falsification of documents. The purpose of this article is to analyze the registration process of registration of real rights to natural resources and formulate proposals for improving this process through the prism of digital transformation. In this study, we have determined that electronic registration is a positive phenomenon that solves many negative issues of the current registration process, simplifying it and making it more open and accessible; however it does not fully satisfy the current needs of society in the field of legal rights registration. The authors of the article substantiate the need to use digital technologies in the registration process through the use of the block chain process. The importance of this study lies in the fact that it formulates the idea of moving from "electronic registration" to "digital registration", with specific proposals for changing legislation in this area.
Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity
Authors: Sahoo Subhashree , Govind Shashirekha
Published: October 2024

The hallmark of dentin hypersensitivity is sudden, intense pain brought on by exposed dentin, frequently resulting from gum recession and enamel loss. The hydrodynamic theory explains the symptoms, which connect fluid movement in dentinal tubules to nerve activity and external stimuli. A survey revealed a prevalence of over 60%, primarily affecting the lower incisors. Dental professionals could be misinformed about it. While management entails a customized strategy that includes professional treatments, self-care products, and oral health guidelines, diagnosis necessitates ruling out alternative reasons. Despite several potential interventions, there is no single or widely acknowledged remedy. Therefore, dentists should continue their education to correctly identify and treat dentin hypersensitivity.
KEYWORDS: Dentin hypersensitivity, hydrodynamic theory, exposed tooth, brushing technique, surgical technique
Formation of a heterogeneous group of UAVS with a reasonable number of false and real drones
Authors: Prymirenko Volodymyr , Demianiuk Andrii , Shevtsov Roman , Bazilo Serhii , Pilipenko Andrey , Vovchanskyi Mykola
Published: October 2024

The subject of scientific research is the joint use of false and real unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as part of a heterogeneous group of UAVs to perform military tasks. This article aimsto determine the appropriate number of false and real drones (UAVs) as part of a heterogeneous group of UAVs to ensure that a certain number of real UAVs can fly to targets with the aim of further reliable target destruction. The scientific task is to develop a methodology for determining the appropriate number of false drones in a heterogeneous group of UAVs, considering the diversity of UAVs included in the UAV group. To achieve the goals of scientificresearch, partial scientific tasks were solved. The joint use of false drones as part of a UAV group to defeat targets with a given degree of damage was formalized. The formalization was carried out taking into account two possible cases of use: a) when the enemy has a sufficient number of means to destroy the entire group of UAVs; b) when the enemy has an insufficient number of means to destroy the entire UAV group. A mathematical model for determining the optimal composition of false and real drones (UAVs) as parts of a heterogeneous group of UAVs has been developed, which will allow to fulfill the task of defeating enemy targets with the desired degree of reliability. A program code has been developed that simplifies the mathematical calculations in the presented mathematical model and allows it to be used in the process of making an appropriate military decision. An algorithm to find the numbers of real and false UAVs in a heterogeneous group of UAVs is proposed. The obtained formulas and algorithms were verified by computer simulation using the Monte Carlo method. Methods. The mathematical model is based on combinatorial methods of probability theory. Programming for calculating analytical formulas and computer modeling of the Monte Carlo method was carried out based on the R computer language. The following results were obtained. A multifunctional algorithm is presented: on one hand, its application makes it possible to determine the optimal number of false UAVs in a heterogeneous group of UAVs to ensure that the required number of real UAVs reach the target, and on the other hand, to determine the predicted loss level of real UAVs in a heterogeneous group of UAVs when using a certain number of false drones.Conclusions. The availability of the developed mathematical model, algorithm, and program code makes it possible to predict the possible results of the combat use of heterogeneous groups of UAVs based on the initial parameters and to substantiate recommendations for a possible composition of such groups.
Method for determining phase shift using two-phase interpolation transformation
Authors: Gubin Sergiy , Tyshko Sergiy , Bezmenov Serhii , Dovhyi Ihor , Chimbanga Emma
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on a method for accurately determining the phase shift between two harmonic signals. The proposed technique compares the waveform of the combined signal, which is obtained by applying a two-phase interpolation transformation, with a set of predefined reference functions. This study aims to develop a method for accurately measuring the phase shift between two harmonic signals to reduce the measurement errors caused by phase asymmetry in signal transmission channels and minimize the costs associated with parameter control. The sources of error in the proposed measurement method are identified and addressed. The task involves setting up the measurement objective to determine the phase shift between two harmonic signals. This section presents the analyses of known methods for measuring phase shifts using of analog-to-digital conversion. The next step involves selecting indicators and criteria to determine how closely the investigated signal matches the reference function. Then, we propose the synthesis of an algorithm to find the extremum of the sum of squares deviations for the set of reference functions and the investigated signal, relying on the golden ratio method. Finally, the paper will analyze possible sources of error that could affect the measurement outcome. The methods used are the following: methodology for conducting digital signal processing and measuring error estimation, numerical methods for extremum search, and methodology for single-factor experiments. The following results were obtained. A proposed compensation method for measuring phase shift is based on comparing the shape of the normalized signal, which is obtained as a result of the summation of harmonic signals after their semiperiodical transformation, with a set of normalized reference functions synthesized by computational means. A list of measurement and auxiliary operations, which should be ideally conducted to implement this measurement method, has been determined. An analysis of the components of measurement errors was conducted. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the following: a method for measuring the phase shift of a signal has been developed, which, in our opinion, should be classified as a compensatory measurement method. This will significantly reduce the error component caused by the phase asymmetry of signal transmission channels and reduce the costs of controlling parameters (up to 10%) without decreasing the quality of control; a list of the measuring and auxiliary operations necessary for the implementation of the proposed measurement method has been identified; sources of errors have been determined.
Finite predicate-driven logic networks method for enhanced education data analysis
Authors: Dudar Zoia , Kozyriev Andrii
Published: October 2024

The subject matter of the study is intelligent data analysis in the field of academic information. The goal of the study is to create a mathematical model for analyzing students' academic information using the predicate-driven logic networks method, which allows taking into account both logical dependencies and probabilistic transitions between states. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were defined: analysis of the theoretical foundations of the logic networks method and predicate logic, integration of these approaches into a single mathematical model, development of approaches for its application in academic data analysis problems. The research used the methods of mathematical modeling, complex logical analysis, and method for constructing logic networks. The following results were obtained: a theoretical model was developed that integrates the principles of logic networks and predicate logic for analyzing student academic performance; the model accounts for both probabilistic transitions between states and logical dependencies among student parameters; the mathematical model also incorporates logical rules to enhance the accuracy of logical analysis within the academic context. The model was tested on a dataset of student performance, demonstrating its effectiveness in accurately predicting academic outcomes and confirming the validity of the integrated approach. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: 1) a theoretical model for analyzing student academic data was developed by integrating logic networks and predicate logic, allowing for the simultaneous consideration of probabilistic transitions and logical dependencies among student parameters; 2) the approach enhances the analysis process by incorporating logical rules into the probabilistic framework, providing a more nuanced and accurate tool for analyzing academic data; 3) this combined model offers a novel method for addressing complex logical analysis tasks in educational settings, paving the way for further research and practical applications in intelligent data analysis. The successful testing of the model on actual student data further underscores its potential as a powerful tool in educational data analysis.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of American News Reports on the Opening Ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympics
Authors: Xinmiao
Published: October 2024

The opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games in 2022 has been extensively covered in international news reports. Although these news reports seem impartial and objective, they carry underlying ideologies that can influence public opinions and judgments. This paper examined the discursive representation of China in American news reports on the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics using Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis model as the theoretical basis. News stories from American media were collected and analysed in terms of headline, collocation, and quotation pattern. The research found that American news reports present mixed and multifaceted views toward the host country. They showed appreciation for the host country’s success in delivering a spectacular opening ceremony, but they tended to frame China negatively, portraying it as an intimidating power and a geopolitical threat. This study can improve our understanding of the discursive practice of news reports and enhance critical awareness in interpreting news texts.
Pronunciation Challenges of Saudi Female EFL Learners: A Multidimensional Needs Analysis
Authors: Roy Asjad Ahmed Saeed Balla , Omer Elsheikh Hago Elmahdi
Published: October 2024

Mastering English pronunciation poses persistent obstacles for Saudi learners pursuing higher education and careers reliant on strong oral skills. This mixed methods study explores female Saudi university students’ and vocational trainees’ self-reported experiences with pronunciation via questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative findings reveal ongoing segmental and suprasegmental difficulties, with consonant contrasts, vowel distinctions, and stress/rhythm issues most prevalent. Participants emphasize interconnected sociocultural variables influencing development, including class size, technology access, family support, teacher expertise, and learner confidence. Qualitative insights underscore pronunciation as a multifaceted process requiring aligned pedagogical responses. Recommendations center on specialized instructor training, personalized feedback techniques, targeted lessons, and technology integration. By capturing diverse learner perspectives, this research contributes an inclusive examination of needs to advance responsive policies and practices that optimize Saudi females’ pronunciation attainment. Findings affirm pronunciation as a complex yet critical developmental process necessitating comprehensive support structures.
Social Criticism and the American Dream: An Analysis of James Truslow Adams' The Epic of America (1931)
Authors: Gholami Mohsen
Published: October 2024

The current paper delves into the social criticism embedded in James Truslow Adams' The Epic of America (1931), especially concentrating on his coinage of the "American Dream" and its connection during the Great Depression. Adams critiques the increasing disparity between socio-economic classes and the materialism that predicted America’s founding ideals. By tracing the historical origins of the American Dream, Adams pinpoints its early transformation from a common vision of opportunity and egalitarianism to one increasingly maneuvering into wealth accumulation. Through historical manifestation, Adams exposes how the advent of industrialization and capitalism had compromised the nation's democratic values, resulting in social and economic injustice. This research paper draws on historical and literary origins to scrutinize how The Epic of America acts as both a critique of the early 20th century's social conditions and a hopeful call for returning to the principles of equality and opportunity. By reassessing the American Dream, this work remains a relevant lens through which to grasp the significance of societal aspirations and disenchantment in American history.
The Assessment of the Usage, Attitude, and Image of Filipino Students Utilizing Motorcycle Taxi Hailing Services as Alternative Transportation in the NCR
Authors: Manaois Karl Nikolai , Romero Ronald , Tan Ronaldo , Matienzo Jr Rommel , Abadilla John Carlo , Biscocho Joshua , Manaoat Rappunzel , Letrero Bernard
Published: October 2024

As various transportation modalities continue to rise, Motorcycle Taxi Hailing Services (MTHS) has reshaped traditional modes of transportation. The evolving landscape of MTHS has brought a significant shift in the transportation sector, particularly amid the country’s extreme traffic congestion. This study employed the Usage, Attitude, and Image (UAI) Study by Ned Roberto (1996) with 401 valid respondents. The research examined demographic profiles, extent of usage, levels of attitude, and the image held by Filipino students. Additionally, the significance of UAI was measured when grouped according to gender identity, weekly allowance, and employment. Furthermore, the study explored the relationship between MTHS brands and passengers’ preferences for features. Findings revealed that undergraduate students aged 20 to 23 years old and female passengers are the prevalent users of MTHS, with cash being the most used payment option and commuting to school as their primary transportation purpose. Convenience in booking, safety, and sanitation ranked highest among the ten service features in terms of attitude levels. Angkas emerged as the most prominent brand in terms of brand awareness. Usage frequency when grouped according to gender identity (H4; p = < .001), weekly allowance (H5; p = < .001), employment (H6; p = < .001), and levels of attitude when grouped according to gender identity (H7; p = < .001) and weekly allowance (H8; p = < .001) were found to be statistically significant. Through using multinomial logistic regression and linear regression, it was found that promotions and discounts have a positive estimate and are statistically significant (p = 0.043), which implied that the mentioned feature may influence the respondents in choosing an MTHS app. Based on the study’s outcomes, it is recommended that a female rider option be included in MTHS apps. Additionally, MTHS companies should strategically create promotions to entice the passengers to book such MTHS app; the promotions and discounts were found to be a decision factor.
A Comparative Study of Media Symbols from the Perspective of Visual Grammar: A Case Study of Marine Ecological Protection Posters in China and Western Countries
Authors: Xuhua  , Fei
Published: October 2024

Social developments are bringing about changes in how we communicate and represent ideas. With the tendency of globalisation, marine ecosystems are facing threats such as overfishing, pollution, and climate change, and marine ecological protection has become a focus of attention for all countries. This paper adopts Kress and van Leeuwen’s framework of visual grammar analysis to compare and analyse the use of symbols in Chinese and Western marine ecological protection posters from the perspectives of representational meaning, interactive meaning, and compositional meaning. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of 100 Chinese posters and 100 Western posters reveal similarities and differences in symbol selection, cultural context, and compositional approach. Results show that Chinese posters tend to integrate traditional cultural elements and natural symbols to convey the concept of environmental protection in a harmonious and warm way, such as the use of ink painting style and paper-cutting art to represent marine organisms, while Western posters focus on directly displaying the hazards of marine pollution by means of strong visual contrasts and modern design elements to stimulate the audience’s sense of urgency and responsibility, such as the display of marine animals trapped by plastic rubbish. This research not only deepens the understanding of the theory of visual grammar but also provides valuable references for the design of future environmental posters, emphasising the importance of using visual symbols and communication strategies in different cultural contexts in order to convey environmental messages more effectively and to promote the development of global marine conservation.