bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-Induced Cell–Cell Interaction Studies in a Multi-Well Microplate
Authors: Wiklund Martin , Christakou Athanasia , Ohlin Mathias , Iranmanesh Ida , Frisk Thomas , Vanherberghen Bruno , Önfelt Björn
Published: February 2014

This review describes the use of ultrasound for inducing and retaining cell-cell contact in multi-well microplates combined with live-cell fluorescence microscopy. This platform has been used for studying the interaction between natural killer (NK) cells and cancer cells at the level of individual cells. The review includes basic principles of ultrasonic particle manipulation, design criteria when building a multi-well microplate device for this purpose, biocompatibility aspects, and finally, two examples of biological applications: Dynamic imaging of the inhibitory immune synapse, and studies of the heterogeneity in killing dynamics of NK cells interacting with cancer cells.
Analysis of North American Newspaper Coverage of Bionics Using the Disability Studies Framework
Authors: Panesar Sonum , Wolbring Gregor
Published: February 2014

Bionics are a set of technology products that are constantly evolving. Bionics are proposed as body add-ons or replacement for many body parts (ears, eyes, knees, neural prostheses, joints, muscles, kidney, liver, cartilage lungs, discs, pancreas, dental pulp, skin, hippocampus, legs and hands), and functions such as speech. Two main applications of bionic products are discussed; one being for the restoration of body abilities to a species-typical norm and the other being the addition of abilities to the body that are not species-typical. Disabled people are one main group perceived to be in need of therapeutic interventions that use various bionic products. So far, therapeutic interventions are about restoration to the species-typical norm. However, therapeutic bionic products increasingly give the wearer beyond normal body abilities (therapeutic enhancements). Many so-called non-disabled people want the same enhanced body-abilities especially through non-invasive bionic products (e.g., non-invasive brain machine interfaces, exoskeletons). The media has the ability to shape public perceptions with numerous consequences. The purpose of this study was to provide quantitative and qualitative data on how bionic technologies and its users are portrayed in North American newspapers. Data was obtained from 1977 to 2013 from the Canadian Newsstand complete database which covers over 300 English language Canadian newspapers and two Canadian newspapers, one with national focus (The Globe and Mail) and one with local focus (Calgary Herald), and from 1980–2013 from one American newspaper with national reach (The New York Times). The study found (a) an almost always positive portrayal of bionics; (b) coverage of bionics mostly within a medical framework; (c) a predominantly stereotypical and negative portrayal of individuals with disabilities; and (d) a hierarchy of worthiness between different assistive devices such as a reporting bias favoring artificial legs over wheelchairs. At the same time the study did not find any engagement with social and ethical issues that are already raised about bionics in the literature, such as the increasing desire for enhancements, the use of bionics for non-therapeutic purposes and the issues socially disadvantaged people might face in the wake of bionic advancements. We posit that the newspapers generate a bionic discourse culture that is problematic for disabled people and other socially disadvantaged groups and that they do not prepare readers for the challenges that bionic advancements will pose for the general population in the future.
Towards traceable size determination of extracellular vesicles
Authors: Varga Zoltán , Yuana Yuana , Grootemaat Anita E. , van der Pol Edwin , Gollwitzer Christian , Krumrey Michael , Nieuwland Rienk
Published: February 2014

Background

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have clinical importance due to their roles in a wide range of biological processes. The detection and characterization of EVs are challenging because of their small size, low refractive index, and heterogeneity.

Methods

In this manuscript, the size distribution of an erythrocyte‐derived EV sample is determined using state‐of‐the‐art techniques such as nanoparticle tracking analysis, resistive pulse sensing, and electron microscopy, and novel techniques in the field, such as small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and size exclusion chromatography coupled with dynamic light scattering detection.

Results

The mode values of the size distributions of the studied erythrocyte EVs reported by the different methods show only small deviations around 130 nm, but there are differences in the widths of the size distributions.

Conclusion

SAXS is a promising technique with respect to traceability, as this technique was already applied for traceable size determination of solid nanoparticles in suspension. To reach the traceable measurement of EVs, monodisperse and highly concentrated samples are required.
The microvasculature in the equine distal phalanx: Implications for fracture healing
Authors: Schade S. M. , Bowker R. M. , Arnoczky S. P.
Published: February 2014

To describe the intra-osseous microvasculature of the distal phalanx of the equine forelimb with regard to its potential clinical relevance.

Eleven clinically normal equine forelimbs were used from six adult horses (range: 4 to 18 years old) euthanatized for reasons unrelated to lameness. In each limb the median artery was catheterized at the level of the carpus and India ink was injected under constant manual pressure. The limbs were frozen and 5 mm thick sections of the foot were cut in the sagittal, coronal, or transverse planes on a band saw. The sections were fixed in 10% formalin and cleared using a modified Spalteholz technique. Once cleared, the sections were photographed and the microvascular anatomy identified.

The vascular injections revealed a rich intra-osseous microvascular supply of the distal phalanx originating from the medial and lateral palmar digital arteries. In addition, numerous smaller vessels from the terminal arch, formed by anastomosis of the medial and lateral palmar digital arteries, could be seen branching into the distal aspects of the distal phalanx. This distal portion of the distal phalanx appeared more densely vascularized than the proximal part in all specimens examined.

The increased vascularity demonstrated in the distal portion of the distal phalanx appears to correlate with improved fracture healing reported in this area. This may also explain why healing fractures which involve both the distal and proximal portions of the distal phalanx have been described as progressing from distal-to-proximal.
Genome assembly and annotation for red clover (Trifolium pratense; Fabaceae)
Authors: Ištvánek Jan , Jaroš Michal , Křenek Aleš , Řepková Jana
Published: February 2014

• Premise of the study: Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is an important forage plant from the legume family with great importance in agronomy and livestock nourishment. Nevertheless, assembling its medium‐sized genome presents a challenge, given current hardware and software possibilities. Next‐generation sequencing technologies enable us to generate large amounts of sequence data at low cost. In this study, the genome assembly and red clover genome features are presented.

• Methods: First, assembly software was assessed using data sets from a closely related species to find the best possible combination of assembler plus error correction program to assemble the red clover genome. The newly sequenced genome was characterized by repetitive content, number of protein‐coding and nonprotein‐coding genes, and gene families and functions. Genome features were also compared with those of other sequenced plant species.

• Key results: Abyss with Echo correction was used for de novo assembly of the red clover genome. The presented assembly comprises ∼314.6 Mbp. In contrast to leguminous species with comparable genome sizes, the genome of T. pratense contains a larger repetitive portion and more abundant retrotransposons and DNA transposons. Overall, 47 398 protein‐coding genes were annotated from 64 761 predicted genes. Comparative analysis revealed several gene families that are characteristic for T. pratense. Resistance genes, leghemoglobins, and nodule‐specific cystein‐rich peptides were identified and compared with other sequenced species.

• Conclusions: The presented red clover genomic data constitute a resource for improvement through molecular breeding and for comparison to other sequenced plant species.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine in Thai HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Wattanakul Thanaporn , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Manosuthi Weerawat , Punyawudho Baralee
Published: February 2014

Background

Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy is widely used as a first-line treatment for HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings. Nevirapine plasma concentration has been shown to be associated with virological response and treatment failure. Therefore, identifying sources of the variability of nevirapine pharmacokinetics is important for dose optimization. The purpose of the current study was to determine the population mean pharmacokinetic parameters and identify factors that influence pharmacokinetic parameters of nevirapine in Thai HIV-infected patients.

Methods

The model was developed by a non-linear mixed-effects modelling approach using NONMEM. Model validation was performed using bootstrap analysis and external validation. Additionally, nevirapine plasma concentrations of 200 mg twice daily (NVPBID) and 400 mg once daily (NVPOD) were simulated using the final model to investigate the impact of the covariates and different dosage regimens on nevirapine steady state concentrations.

Results

The apparent clearance (CL/F) of nevirapine estimated from this population was 2.51 l/h which is lower than the values previously reported in other populations. The concomitant use of rifampicin increased CL/F by 20%. Simulated nevirapine plasma concentrations from NVPBID were superior to the NVPOD regimen.

Conclusions

This population-based pharmacokinetic model can be used for optimizing nevirapine dosage regimens for individual patients to improve efficacy and safety of nevirapine therapy in this population.
Genome-Wide Association Study to Characterize Serum Bilirubin Elevations in Patients with HCV Treated with Gs-9256, An HCV Ns3 Serine Protease Inhibitor
Authors: Nelson David , Yoshida Eric M , Paulson Matthew S , Hengen Paul N , Ge Dongliang , Kanwar Bittoo , McNally John , Pang Phillip S , Subramanian G Mani , McHutchison John G , Urbanek Petr , Lawitz Eric , Urban Thomas J
Published: February 2014

Background

Protease inhibitors for the treatment of HCV can cause mild and reversible elevations of unconjugated bilirubin. We sought to characterize genetic determinants of bilirubin elevations using a genome-wide approach among patients with genotype 1 HCV who received combination therapy that included GS-9256, a novel potent inhibitor of HCV NS3 serine protease, as part of a Phase IIb trial.

Methods

Of the 200 patients sampled, 176 had confirmed European ancestry and were included in the analysis. Infinium HumanOmni5BeadChip (Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) was used for genotyping. A categorical analysis of low (grade 0–1) versus high (grade 2–4) bilirubin toxicity grade and a quantitative trait locus mapping of peak bilirubin concentrations was performed.

Results

A total of 4,466,809 genetic markers were analysed. No single variant showed a statistically significant association with observed bilirubin elevations in this patient population. In a targeted analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes known to be involved in bilirubin transport, no significant differences in allele frequency between high and low bilirubin toxicity grade were observed.

Conclusions

These results indicate that risk for bilirubin elevation in patients receiving GS-9256 is unlikely to be strongly influenced by common genetic variants with large effects. The current study cannot rule out a role for common variants of weak effect, or a more complex model, including multiple contributing factors, such as rare variants and as yet unidentified environmental influences.
ASSESSMENT OF WEIGHT CHANGES AND SUGGESTION OF NUTRITIONAL FORMULAS FOR PREMATURELY BORN BABIES WITH CLOSEST REASONABLE CENTROIDS
Authors: Huang Chao-Yi , Chen Jong-Chen
Published: February 2014

Recently, many models of applying artificial intelligence (AI) techniques into the analysis of clinical data have been proposed. Unfortunately, most models provide little help when specific "cause–effect" relation of data is not available, or even known. In this paper, an innovative method, called closest reasonable centroids (CRC), is directed to address this issue. Our present application domain was a clinical data set of the weight changes of 274 prematurely born babies who had nutritional deficiency problem and were given TPN treatments to improve their nutritional needs. Experimental result shows that the CRC's differentiability is comparable to that of the back-propagation neural networks (BPN) and better than that of statistical method. Also, from the health conditions of babies and their nutritional treatments, the proposed method can roughly predict their weight changes and provide some suggested feasible formula. All of the above results have been double confirmed by the clinicians, implicating that CRC could be used as assistant tool.
A Simulation Research on the Visual Servo Based on Pseudo-Inverse of Image Jacobian Matrix for Robot
Authors: Fang Wang , Zhen Yang , Kang Q.S , Xi Shang Dong , Shang Lin Yang
Published: February 2014

The image Jacobian Matrix must obtain during the course of uncalibrated visual servo for classic algorithms firstly. Then the inverse of image Jacobian Matrix or pseudo-inverse of image Jacobian Matrix can be taken. But when the inverse of image Jacobian Matrix is not exist or pseudo-inverse of image Jacobian Matrix is not easy to get, the uncalibrated visual servo for robot can not realize. In this paper, a research is carried on by simulation between the classic method for uncalibrared visual servo and the strategy by computing pseudo-inverse of image Jacobian Matrix. It is conclusion that the latter not only has advantage of the performance for tracking, but also reduces computational complexity for control.
Multi-Objective Optimal Load Distribution Based on Sub Goals Multiplication and Division in Power Plants
Authors: Yuan Gui Li , Yu Tong , Du Juan
Published: February 2014

The classic multi-objective optimization method of sub goals multiplication and division theory is applied to solve optimal load distribution problem in thermal power plants. A multi-objective optimization model is built which comprehensively reflects the economy, environmental protection and speediness. The proposed model effectively avoids the target normalization and weights determination existing in the process of changing the multi-objective optimization problem into a single objective optimization problem. Since genetic algorithm (GA) has the drawback of falling into local optimum, adaptive immune vaccines algorithm (AIVA) is applied to optimize the constructed model and the results are compared with that optimized by genetic algorithm. Simulation shows this method can complete multi-objective optimal load distribution quickly and efficiently.
Research on Integration Design of Automobile Waste Heat Thermoelectric Generation Exchanger and Engine Muffler
Authors: Xie Jiao Long
Published: February 2014

The thermoelectric generator (TEG) recovering waste heat from the exhaust has became a potential technical issue, due to its characters of pollution-free, no moving parts, reliability and high efficiency. There exist arrangement on the chassis and the exhaust backpressure of whole system will increase of these two problems, when integrating TEG in the car of TEG and the muffler is to integrate the thermoelectric module on the surface muffler, it can effectively reduce the size of TEG, also reduce its weight and structural complexity. It also reduced the backpressure of TEG, meanwhile solved the compatibility issues with other components of exhaust system. The structural integration laid the foundation to achieve the large-scale use of thermoelectric materials in the car.
Optimization Design in Cooling Channels of Calibrator for Plastic Profile Extrusion Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Duan Lei , Zhang Yang
Published: February 2014

Hot plastic profile produced by extrusion die is cooled down and calibrated by calibrator. Therefore, the cooling and calibrating ability of the calibrator directly influence the quality and output of the profile. The key is to design the distribution of cooling channels in calibrator. By analyzing the heat transfer process during cooling in calibrator, the cooling process of plastic profile in calibrator is simulated. Based on the finite element analysis results, the optimization objective is established to obtain the cooling efficiency and uniformity of each node in the profile cross sections of the calibrators exit and finish the optimization design of the cooling channels positions.
Development and Manufacture on the New Yoga Exercising Device
Authors: Yang Min , Zhang Xing Hai
Published: February 2014

A new type of yoga exercising device that can release the negative oxygen ions was developed in this works to assist the training or exercising of yoga. The basic structures, working principles, machining technologies, technical requirements, operating methods and application ways were discussed in this paper. With the help of the new yoga exercising device, the trainees can master the essential skills quickly and effectively and the coach can be liberated from the heavy work of repetitive training exercise. The training and exercising environments can be largely improved and the training effect can be remarkably enhanced.
Application of MATLAB in Mechanical Optimal Design
Authors: Yang Jian
Published: February 2014

Matlab has a strong scientific computing capabilities in engineering design has been widely applied. This article describes the various optimization model of MATLAB and its application in mechanical optimization design, and gives optimization examples and results. Using MATLAB to solve the problem of mechanical optimization design not only improves the design efficiency, and programming is simple, results reliable.
Research of the Assembly Model Based on Parts Attribute Semantic
Authors: Yang Ya Jun , Fang Hong Gen , Luan Hao , Jin Tian Guo
Published: February 2014

Aiming at the problems in the modeling of assembly sequence planning, this paper proposes a assembly model based on the semantic and two-dimensional matrix which is easy to calculate and expression. The paper complement the parts attribute semantic and it is used to make the assembly model .So the parts about the attributes of parts assembly can be used in the ASP. Assembly relations including Assembly Precedence Relations (APRs), Contact semantic, Connection and Transmission semantic are transformed into a matrix model. Finally shaft structure is used as a example to represent a competitive advantage of this model.
The Status and Development of ECAP
Authors: Zhu Yong Xiang , Luo Xiao Dong , Liu Hao , Wang Qing Xia
Published: February 2014

ECAP is a large plastic deformation processing technology, ultrafine-grained materials can be prepared using ECAP process. This paper reviews the channel angular extrusion process application in aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy and composite materials and so on. Summarizes the influence of the central angle and mold inside corner radius, processing route, the coefficient of friction , extrusion speed, extrusion temperature, extrusion and steps on the ECAP. Also introduced a more advanced package sets-ECAP and continuous ECAP process.
Chaos Control of Lozi Mapping
Authors: Guo Feng , Xie Jian Hua , Yue Yuan
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the chaos control of Lozi mapping is carried out through the improved OGY method. By establishing linear mapping and applying the pole placement technique of the linear control theory, small time-dependent perturbations of a control parameter are selected. Unstable periodic orbits embedding in the chaos attractor are examined firstly, and then the period one orbit is chosen as a control target. When map point wanders to the neighborhood of the periodic point, system control parameter is perturbed. The unstable period one point is controlled to be the stable periodic orbit. At the same time, the different choice of the regulator poles is analyzed. Using numerical simulation, the effectiveness of the method is demonstrated.
A Discrimination Method of Saturated Sand Liquefaction Possibility Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Fan Zhong Jie , Leng Yan Qiu , Xu Yong Long , Meng Zheng Jiang , Xu Ji Wei
Published: February 2014

Based on the analysis of influence factors of saturated sand, this paper expounds the limitations of traditional evaluation of liquefaction, and introduces the criterion of support vector machine (SVM) based on the principle of structural risk minimization. According to the main influence factors of sand liquefaction, a SVM discriminant model of sand liquefaction with different kernel functions is established. Through studying small sample data, this model can establish nonlinear mapping relationship between influence factors and liquefaction type. On the basis of seismic data, a radial based kernel function is selected to predict sand liquefaction type. The research results show that the predicted magnitude is identical with the actual result, to prove that it is effective to apply this SVM model to evaluate the level of sand liquefaction.
Dragon Boat Technology on the Influence of Fluid Mechanics Research
Authors: Liu Jian , Li Bing
Published: February 2014

In order to speed as the standard, the system classification and discriminant analysis method will be dragon boat every single layered, correlation analysis and linear regression on all levels Chinese excellence in the dragon boat paddle frequency and short distance, and explore its effect on the speed of a ship. Research shows that,at each level of the individual within the group of excellent domestic dragon boat paddle frequency andstroke distance are highly negative correlation; pitch frequency per minute increase a paddle, stroke distance (in terms of speed levels from bottom to top) decreased by 0.032 m, 0.032 m, 0.014 m respectively, 0.024 m, 0.017 m; and vice versa. At each level of a single group, in addition to the lower single group of oar frequency changes with the inverted "U" shape change, the other levels are "U" shape change in the variable range, all levels of individual group differences exist between the speed. The two variable changes within a certain range to improve the speed, and there exists a critical value, the speed can vary inversely according to critical value. Rowing technique diagnosis of dragon boat athletes excellent regression equations suggested that application of different single group of oar frequency and stroke length, pitch frequency and speed, and distance per stroke and with improved rowing technique training with the stroke frequency of the ideal, and finally to improve the speed of.
Effect of Nb on Transformation and Property of C-Si-Mn-Cr-Mo High Strength Hot-Rolled DP Steel
Authors: Zhou Le Yu , Jiang Bo , Zhang Dan , Zhang Chao Lei , Liu Ya Zheng
Published: February 2014

Two kinds of C-Si-Mn-Cr-Mo tested steels were used to study the transformation rules and microstructure evolution during thermal mechanical experiment and rolling experiment. Effects of micro alloying element Nb on transformation and propertied were discussed. The result shows that Nb retards ferrite transformation, reduces ferrite volume fraction and refines the ferrite grain size and martensite colony size. After micro-alloying of 0.047wt%Nb, yield strength and tensile strength increase by 145MPa and 135MPa respectively under medium temperature coiling process. YS/TS ratio increases from 0.51 to 0.62, meanwhile, the decrease of elongation is not obvious. The grain refining strengthening and precipitation strengthening of Nb micro-alloying is effective to enhance the strength grade of hot rolled DP steel coiled at medium temperature.
Springback of Copper Alloy Sheets after U-Bending
Authors: Hamasaki Hiroshi , Hattori Yasuhiro , Furukawa Kingo , Yoshida Fusahito
Published: February 2014

Springback after U-bending of Cu-Ni-Si alloy sheet and cold-rolled brass sheets (JIS C2600R-H and C2600R-1/4H) was calculated by using FEM. In the simulations, the Yoshida-Uemori kinematic hardening model was employed, by which stress-strain responses under uniaxial tension and cyclic tension-compression loadings are accurately described. The simulation results using Yoshida-Uemori model well predicted the experimentally obtained springback, while the isotropic hardening model underestimated it for every material. From such comparisons between experiment and simulation, it is concluded that the Bauschinger effect as well as the plastic strain dependency on Youngs modulus should be taken into account for an accurate springback simulation.
Modeling and Multi-Response Optimization on WEDM Ti6Al4V
Authors: Saedon J.B. , Jaafar Norkamal , Jaafar Roseleena , Saad Nor Hayati , Kasim Mohd Shahir
Published: February 2014

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a material removal process of electrically conductive materials by the thermo-electric source of energy which is extensively used in machining of materials for a highly precision productivity. This work presents the machining of titanium alloy (TI-6AL-4V) using WEDM with a brass wire diameter of 0.25mm.The objective of this work is to study the influence of three machining parameters, namely peak current (IP), feed rate (FC) and wire tension (WT) to cutting speed and surface roughness. Response Surface Methodology was used to develop second order model in order to predict cutting rate and surface roughness responses. The results showed that the average percentage error between the predicted and experimental value for both models was less than 2%.Furthermore, the developed models were used for multiple-response optimization by desirability function approach to determine the optimum machining parameters. These optimized machining parameters are validated experimentally, and it is observed that the response values are in good agreement with the predicted values.
Characterisation of Fibre Morphology of Microwave-Treated Oil Palm Trunk (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Noor Ateeqah Abdul Rahman , Kamarulzaman Nordin , Saptri Mohd Fahmi , Jamaludin Mohd Ariff , Kassim Masitah Abu
Published: February 2014

In this study, fibre morphology of microwave-treated oil palm trunks (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) was studied. Thirty years old palm trunks (OPT) were selected, felled and divided into peripheral, middle and inner zones. Only the basal portion of the OPT was used to reduce variability of sampling. Microwave treatment of the OPT samples were conducted by using a domestic microwave oven operating at 2.45 GHz and with maximum rated power output of 950 watt. The samples were microwave-treated at four different power intensities of 950, 700, 500 and 300 watts and for four different exposure durations of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min leading to a total six varying combinations of power and exposure period. The untreated OPT sample was used for comparison purpose. The fibre length, fibre diameter, fibre lumens diameter, and fibre walls thickness were measured between each of the zones of the oil palm trunk in relation to the different microwave treatment. All microwave treated samples showed changes in the fibre with the combinations of microwave treatment with 700 watts power intensities with 15 minutes exposure durations produced the most stretched and elongated fibres. This findings could be useful in finding suitable techniques for processing the OPT into value-added products.
Numerical Simulations of Natural Gas Injection Pressure Effects on a Direct Injected, Pilot Ignited, Natural Gas Engine
Authors: Gao Ying , Li Xiao Xiao , Li Jun , Zhang Lei , Li Shu Hua
Published: February 2014

Pilot-ignited direct injection of natural gas fueling of a compression ignition engine has been shown to keep high thermal efficiency as diesel engines. To further investigate the combustion process, the effect of natural gas injection pressure on combustion in a diesel engine fueled with pilot-ignited directly-injected natural gas was studied by multidimensional simulations while engine speed and other injection parameters were held constant. NO emissions are increased by higher gas injection pressure without significantly affecting cylinder pressure. By increasing gas injection pressure, HC emissions are reduced with the increase of cylinder temperature. The data got contributes to the development of the pilot-ignited high pressure direct injection natural gas engine.
Measurement System of Pyroelectric Coefficient for Pyroelectric Material Using Dynamic Current Method
Authors: Wang Jun , Li Wei Zhi , Wu Zhi Ming
Published: February 2014

A dynamic current method used to measure pyroelectric coefficient (p) for pyroelectric material is described in detail in this paper. The hardware part of the system includes pre-converting circuit, post amplifier circuit, wave-filter circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit, temperature test circuit and LCD display panel circuit. The maximum magnification time of amplifier circuit of system is 11300 and the band-stop frequency center for wave-filter circuit is 50 Hz and it's second harmonics 100 Hz. Finally, the measurement system is used to test p parameter of LiTaO3crystal slice. The lowest p parameter of LiTaO3crystal with a value of 6.08×10-9C/cm2 oC is achieved at 32.5°C.
Oxygen-Plasma Treated Graphene Nanoplatelet/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Polycarbonate Hybrid Nanocomposites for Anti-Electrostatic Discharge Applications: Preparation and Properties
Authors: Akkachai Poosala , Kittipong Hrimchum , Darunee Aussawasathien , Duanghathai Pentrakoon
Published: February 2014

Oxygen-plasma treated graphene nanoplatelet (OGNP)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polycarbonate (PC) hybrid nanocomposites were prepared via melting process using a twin screw extruder. The content of OGNPs was in the range of 0-5.0 part per hundred of resin (phr) whereas the dosage of MWCNTs was kept constant at 2.0 wt%. Nanocomposites containing 2.0 wt% of MWCNTs and 2.0 wt% of MWCNT/1.5-5.0 phr of OGNP had tribo-charge voltages, surface resistivities, and decay times in the electrostatic discharge (ESD) specification. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that OGNPs slightly intercalated and distributed in the PC matrix. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and decomposition temperature (Td) of nanocomposites slightly changed as the content of OGNPs increased. The melt flow index (MFI) of nanocomposites significantly decreased when MWCNTs were added into the PC resin and slightly changed as the dosage of OGNPs was increased.
Effects of the Filler Properties on Removal Nitrogen of Wastewater in Hybrid Biofilm-Activated Sludge Process
Authors: Liu Jing Ming , Pan Jie , Zhu Zhi Rong
Published: February 2014

To develop the proper filler for improving removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in the activated sludge process of wastewater treatment, the effects of the filler properties and treatment conditions on removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in hybrid biofilm-activated sludge process were investigated by the lab-scale test and pilot-scale test. Moreover, the feasibility of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) was explored with biofilm treatment for chemical poor-biological wastewater. The results showed that SND occurred in the aerobic section. The effluent total basicity (TB) in biofilm process was more than 2mmol / L, higher than activated sludge process. Correspondingly, the effluent TB in activated sludge process was about 0.1mmol / L, and nitrate produced by activated sludge process was 30 mg/L higher than biofilm process. Under the condition of HRT of 24 h for hydrolysis-acidification tank, HRT of 4 h for anoxic tank and HRT of 16 h for aerobic tank, effluent NOˉx-N with combination type of filler in biofilm process was 20mg/L less than that with the activated sludge process. TB with combination type of filler in biofilm process was 2mmol/L less than that with the activated sludge process. Nitrogen removal efficiency was 10.46% with SJ-1 type of filler (made in Jiangsu Suzhou Purification Group Co.,Ltd) more than with combination type of filler. The effluent NOˉx-N concentrations was less than.15mg/L in biofilm process with SJ-1 type of filler. A practical mathematical model with the A/O process was developed for predicting removal effects, which can provide a theoretical guidance for wastewater treatment and engineering design.
The Nucleation and Growth Kinetics of Copper Nanoparticles Electrodeposited at Water-Immiscible Interface of Castor Oiled Graphite-Epoxy Solid Electrodes by Cyclic Voltammetry
Authors: Zhu Xiu Rong
Published: February 2014

The nucleation and growth kinetics of copper nanoparticles at castor oiled graphite-epoxy solid electrode surfaces were studied by cyclic voltammetry. The nucleation and growth is merged into a sphere particle growth process described by a exponential function with parent first order rate constant of 0.00341 s-1. The soft water-immiscible electrode surface shows a smaller interaction with the deposited copper particles. The with the free energy changes is about G0=6.562 kJ/mol. This study may be useful for the electroanalysis, and offers a new way to prepare controllably the spherical nanometal particles.
Die Casting Defects of Castings from Silumin
Authors: Pasko Ján , Gaspar Stefan , Ružbarský Juraj
Published: February 2014

The production of die castings cast into a metal mold has in recent years achieved an expansive growth in the volume as well as the range of production and that is particularly in aviation and automobile industry. A primary criterion for achieving reliability, efficiency and quality of production is to ensure minimization of the castings defects occurrence. For this reason it is necessary to describe the type, scope and frequency of die castings defects and to define the cause of their occurrence.
Design of Wind Speed Measurement System Based on Integrated Navigation and Atmospheric Data Fusion
Authors: Zhang Jing Juan , Liu Wei , Liu Ming Yi
Published: February 2014

The characteristics wind field impact flight safety, trajectory keeping, and navigation performance of Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (MUAV) directly. Accurate wind field measurement is a premise for MUAVs to take various pre-reactions to gust disturbance. Due to its small size, light weight, and low speed, MUAV is easily affected by gust disturbance during its flight at low altitude. Real time wind speed estimation and flight control strategy adjusting can reduce the impact of gust and enhance flight safety. This paper proposes a method of using airborne IMU, GPS, and pressure sensors to estimate wind speed. Experimental results show that this method can effectively estimate wind speed accurately, and has important application value.
Vertex Stability of Grey Discrete Dynamic Systems
Authors: Zhu Jia Jian , Yan Chen Guang , Han Jin Fang
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the vertex stability problem for a class of grey discrete dynamic systems was investigated by means of the matrix eigenvalues theory and spectral radius approach. Several necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained which can guarantee the vertex stability of grey discrete dynamic systems. The equivalence relation between the vertex stability and Schur stability of grey discrete dynamic systems , as well as the equivalence relation between the vertex stability for grey discrete dynamic systems and its boundary matrix are established.
Analysis and Research of the Automated Warehouse Management and Control System
Authors: Guo Wen Lan , Huang Zhi Jia
Published: February 2014

Based on the requirement of the application and development of modern logistics technology, combined with the computer technology, communication technology and information technology, this paper studies the concrete scheme of automated warehouse goods management, and analysis of database and the interface system. The automated warehouse management and control system realize the automation of warehouse management and directly, eventually to improve the comprehensive automation level of enterprises has a certain value.
Control of BESS Using Frequency-Linked Pricing with High Wind Penetration
Authors: Sun Zhen Bao
Published: February 2014

Recently, many countries have been pushing for a higher share of renewable energy sources, especially wind, in their generation mix. However, the intermittent and uncertain nature of wind power imposes a limit on the extent it can replace the conventional generation resources. In a high wind penetration scenario, the Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) offers a solution to the grid operation problems. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the merits of price-based operation of BESS in a real-time market with high wind penetration using frequency-linked pricing. The authors propose a real-time market in which real-time prices are based on the grid frequency. A model for real-time price-based operation of a conventional generator and a BESS is presented. Simulations for different wind penetration scenarios are carried out on an isolated area test system. Wind speed sequence is generated using composite wind speed model. A simplified model of wind speed to power conversion is adopted to observe the impact of increase in wind power generation on the grid frequency and the real-time prices.
Function Design of Body Control Module and its Test Validation
Authors: Yang Xin Hong , Gao Feng , Tan Mao
Published: February 2014

The body control module (BCM) functions are designed on one platform of BATC high-end passenger-cars; According to the CAN bus specification and BCM functional requirements specification, and by virtue of the network bus development/test tools, cabinet, bench and real car, the BCM functions are tested and validated, test report is used to improve BCM and make it more perfect.
Blind Recognition for Rate below 1/2 Binary Cyclic Codes
Authors: Wang Hong Wei , Yang Lin , Cai Yi Bing
Published: February 2014

The blind recognition of channel coding is playing more and more important roles in smart communications. The paper took rate below 1/2 binary cyclic codes to research, we established a model using counter of continuous bits 0. At the basic of studying the features of binary cyclic codes, when the condition about the rate is satisfied, we made a statistics of the continuous bits 0 in a long sequence of code words to get the length of code word n and the length of information k. In the condition of higher BER simulations, we improved the method to make it suitable for estimating the parameter.
Sensibility Analysis of Strengthened Operational Profile
Authors: Li Qiu Ying , Luo Lei
Published: February 2014

Software reliability accelerated testing can achieve higher reliability requirement in a relatively less period of time, which is based on the strengthened operational profile. However, when using different strengthened operational profiles, the effects of software reliability accelerated testing are different and some risks should be considered. Based on experiments, two different kinds of strengthened operational profiles are compared, and the accelerated effectiveness and the risk between two profiles are also analyzed, which give a reference for practical application.
Research on Security Risk Assessment Model of Smart Mobile Terminals
Authors: Song Hao Hao , Shen Qing Hong , Zhang Xiao Xiao , Gu Jian
Published: February 2014

As information technology continues to develop, smart mobile terminal has become the electronic equipment most closely with people life and work. Meanwhile, the security threats are also increasing to smart mobile terminal when it conducts the business application. Based on the analysis of security assessment architecture for smart mobile terminals, the security risk assessment model for smart mobile terminals is proposed in this paper. The security of smart mobile terminals can be assessed based on the proposed security risk assessment model well.
Research on Routing Protocol for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Zhang Kai , Jin Min
Published: February 2014

Aimed at the application characteristics of the large-scale WSN, a new clustering routing protocol LEACH_CHMST is proposed in this paper. The multi-hop strategy for cluster-heads communication has been introduced instead of the one-hop strategy in LEACH, and a minimum spanning tree of cluster-head is established, in which the routes from all cluster-heads to sink are found.
Modeling of Collaborative Context-Awareness for Smart Home
Authors: Xu Hong Ji , Xie Zhi Gang , Wang Lei Tao
Published: February 2014

The normal context-aware applications mainly focus on the information acquisition and processing from isolated sensor nodes or devices, which make the applications lack of the ability of information sharing and cooperation. This paper introduces collaborative idea into intelligent context-aware environment, establishes a common framework and model for collaborative context-awareness, and specifies the workflow of collaborative intelligent sensing. The proposed modeling and processing method can be effectively used in smart home and other application scenarios, which can improve the reliability and accuracy of perception, and improve the efficiency of the context-awareness processing obviously.
The Design of a Basketball Goal Automatic Detector
Authors: Zhang Jian Jun , Yang Jin Bao , Tang Zhi Min , Lan Hao , Lin Hai Jun
Published: February 2014

In order to solve slower testing and lower degree of electronic information in current college entrance physical examination, we designed a basketball goal automatic detector. The designed system consists of single chip microcomputers, ultrasonic and infrared sensors. In this system, the basketball goal can be automatically detected and correctly judged by using ultrasonic sensors installed in the backboard and infrared sensors installed in the basket. The results are displayed in LED via RS485, and at the same time, sent to the upper computer via RS232. Experimental results showed that, compared to the existing systems, the designed system's installing restricts reduced. Enhancing objectivity, reducing labor costs, and more fairness were achieved by using this system.
A Fuzzy Curve Detection Method Based on Lateral Acceleration
Authors: Jiang Xiao Hui , Guo Jiu Wu , Hu Yong , Chen Ce
Published: February 2014

This paper proposed a fuzzy curve detection method based on lateral acceleration.First, the dynamics model under the curve driving condition was created.Then, the relationship between the lateral acceleration and curve was analysed. The fuzzy curve detection algorithm based on lateral acceleration and its rate of change was realised. The test results showed that this method is feasible and the detection result can be used in automobile electric control system, for example automatic transmissions control system, etc. The security under the curve driving condition was also improved.
Temperature Influence on Real-Time Ultrasonic Detection of Multi-Planetary Gear Transmission
Authors: Mao Kun Li
Published: February 2014

Key structure of multi-planetary gear transmission such as gear box body, planetary carrier should be monitored by non-destructive testing technology under work to ensure reliable operation. However, temperature of such components under operation is not normal, which will affect the detection result. Temperature influence upon ultrasonic on-line detection was researched. Such factors as ultrasonic propagation velocity, ultrasonic attenuation, ultrasonic probe emissive power and refraction angle of angle probe were analyzed. Multi-planetary gear transmission ultrasonic monitoring case has been completed.
A New Method Based on Lyapunov Exponent to Determine the Threshold of Chaotic Systems
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Xin Chun
Published: February 2014

The Duffing equation has been widely used to detect weak periodic signals. The transition threshold is the key to detect. Unfortunately, there is no effective method to determine the critical threshold. To solve this problem, a new method based on the QR decomposition to calculate Lyapunov exponent is presented. The accuracy of the algorithm will gradually improve with the sampling time increasing or the sampling period decreasing. The experimental results show that the method can determine the interval which contains the threshold, and detect the mutation acts of chaotic systems.
Preparation and Ascertainment of Ingredient Contents of Uranium Ore Sandstone Standard Substance
Authors: Yang Jin Hui , Dai Shi Liang , Pan Xiao Kang , Liu Li , Zhou Shu Kui , Wang Jin Song
Published: February 2014

The preparation of uranium ore gritstone standard substance have been introduced and the contents of U, Th, Ra, K2O, SiO2, Fe, A12O3, CaO, MnO, TiO2, Na2O, P2O5, MoO3, V ,S and C in it have been determined in this paper. The uranium ore sandstone standard substance was authorized as the first national grade standard substance.
Error Processing Techniques of Integral Velocity Based on Frequency Spectrum Forecasting
Authors: Chen Ai Guo , Wang Cheng Yong , Ye Jia Wei
Published: February 2014

The integral velocity error at the head end and the tail end of wave movement of ships or offshore platforms are too great. By improving the forecasting technique based on frequency spectrum, the integral velocity errors are maximally corrected and the wave movement of ships or offshore platforms is successful forecasted longer time ahead of time. Measurement technique of ship wave movement based on accelerometers array will be practically used.
Reasoning Method of Remote Sensing Imagery Based on Topological Transformation
Authors: Liu Xiao Li , Zhu Guo Bin , Jin Jing Gang , Li Xue
Published: February 2014

Remote sensing image analysis is an important aspect of remote sensing technology and application, but until now a comprehensive mathematical model is still missing for spatial analysis and reasoning. From the mathematical essence, the processing of remote sensing image analysis is to build a transform relationship between the premise and the conclusion of reasoning based on domain knowledge, and which is used to deal with the transformation reasoning. Based on fuzzy set and topology theory, this paper discussed how to build mathematical models of target identification, information extraction, and semantic extraction of remote sensing imagery. By a series of reasoning, a reasoning model based on the topological transformation is proposed, which is used to transform remote sensing image analysis into an uncertainty reasoning of mathematical sciences.