bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bamboo Material for Sustainable Development: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kartono Kurniawan Bambang , Shahman Nik , Purnomo Agung , Ezran Muhamad
Published: November 2023

Bamboo is a natural and sustainable material for the export-oriented furniture, architecture, and construction industries. This study aimed to review the body of knowledge and scholarly research on bamboo material for sustainable development. It identifies significant issues, trends, and knowledge gaps in bamboo materials for sustainable development. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA protocols for working and summarising published studies. Twenty-two peer-reviewed publications were included after a thorough search of the Scopus databases. Bamboo material plays a role in supporting the implementation of sustainable development as a renewable resource, low carbon footprint, sustainable harvesting, and versatile material. Sustainable development, governance, and regulation of government policies on natural material resources such as bamboo are expected to increase the productivity of companies and are suggested in future considerations.
Marketing Chain and Power Relation on Black Magic Wood (Agarwood) Commodities in Lombok Island
Authors: Al Hasan Rubangi , Indah Prihantini Amalia , Wahyuni Resti
Published: November 2023

The global demand for agarwood (Gyrinops verstegii) is immense, hence the market price is skyrocketing. Sapwood (gubal) is the most valuable derivative product of the agarwood commodity. However, such derived compounds are not without value. White aloeswood, which is then processed into black magic wood (BMW), is one of the items that was once deemed trash but eventually saw tremendous demand. The purpose of this research is to investigate the flow of transformations in products from beginning materials to BMW manufactured products, the added value gained by every involved party, and the power relations among the parties in the BMW value chain. Data was gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and document analysis. All the data was analysed descriptively. Several key results were achieved from this research: (1) commodities transformed from raw materials to finished products: wood waste carving→ making of imitation carving→ imitation carving processing→ finishing → BMW products. (2) The biggest benefit gained by upstream players and leaving farmers and craftsmen behind. (3) The power relations among the parties revealed that large business actors control power and profit. Farmers and craftsmen only offer cheap wage labour in the midst of BMW industry with multiple profits.
The Beef Cattle Fattening Business in Central Java: Partnership Pattern and Profitability Rates
Authors: Prasetyo Teguh , Prabowo Agung , Haryanto Bambang , Setiani Cahyati
Published: November 2023

Research has been conducted on the partnership pattern of beef cattle fattening businesses in Semarang District, Central Java Province from August 2021 to July 2022. It aimed to look at production costs, profits, profit sharing, satisfaction, convenience, and benefits for farmers. There were three rearing patterns. Pattern 1 (partnership pattern 1): Investors cover the production costs of cattle breeds and concentrates. Farmers provide grass, cowshed, and labor. Pattern 2 (partnership pattern 2): Investors cover the cost of producing cattle breeds. Farmers provide concentrates, grass, cowshed, and labor. Pattern 3: independent farmers. The research method was a survey through interviews with investors, farmers, and observations of fattened cattle. Twenty-seven Simental cattle breeds were used in this research that involved 18 farmers. The collected data included feeding, weight gain, production costs, profits, profit sharing, and participants’ responses to partnership patterns. The obtained data were analysed descriptively. The research results showed the average weight gain/head/day for Patterns 1, 2, and 3 were 1.02, 1.01, and 0.97 kg, and benifit each IDR 1,119,390/month, IDR 1,120,000/month, and IDR 1,212,020/month was earned. Compared to the partnership pattern, the response of independent farmers was the highest since it was the most satisfying, the easiest, and provides the most benefits.
Characteristic of Borrowers in Agribusiness Microfinance Institution Formed by the PUAP Program in Kendal Regency, Central Java-Indonesia
Authors: Darwis Valeriana , Sembiring Asma , Muslim Chairul
Published: November 2023

Rural Agribusiness Development gives a 100 million business fund activity to a selected farmer group association. An Agribusiness Microfinance Institution is expected to manage the fund by providing a loan to its members. The priority of business is focused on the agricultural sector. However, in its development, an Agribusiness Microfinance Institution provides loans to the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The study’s objective is to observe the characteristic of Agribusiness Microfinance Institution’s borrower in Kendal Regency, Central Java-Indonesia. Kendal Regency was selected as the survey area because a result study in 2019 showed that Kendal Regency is one area with 5 LKMAs good performance in Indonesia. The study was conducted on November 2022. Forty-nine respondents were selected purposively in the survey. The criteria of respondents were borrowing from LKMA from 2019 to 2022. Data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS. The results showed that the average respondent: age was 50 years old, getting an education for nine years, 34,7% worked as a farmer and trader, the loan amount was 5.4 million IDR, loan duration was 9.2 months, and the rate of interest per month was 1.47%. The primary respondents’ reason for borrowing from LKMA was the loan amount, interest rate, fast disbursement and ease of requirements.
Agronomical and financial feasibility of sweet corn intercropped under the coconut-based farming system in North Sulawesi
Authors: Salamba Herlina N. , Malia Ibrahim E. , Hutapea Ronald , Rawung B.M. Jefny , Sondakh Joula O.M. , Tandi G. Olvie
Published: November 2023

Research has been conducted in Pandu Experimental Garden, North Sulawesi. The research aimed to study the feasibility of sweet corn intercropping into a coconut-based farming system. The materials and methods used in this study were Khina-1 hybrid coconut monoculture plantations, planted in 1986 under RCBD design. The treatment used is: 6 treatments were: A: spacing 70 cm x 20 cm, under coconut; B: Spacing 70cm x 20 cm, under coconut; C: Spacing 70cm x 25cm, under coconut; D: Spacing 70cm x 30cm, under coconut; E: Spacing 70cm x 35cm, under coconut; and F: Spacing 70cm x 40cm unshaded. The Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) was then applied for mean separations. Significates were established at the 0.05 probability level. Financial analysis used RC Ratio, BEP, and sensitivity analysis. Financial analysis used an RC Ratio of 2.17, BEP Production determined 60,800 cobs/ha/3 seasons while BEB in price is IDR460.61/cob and sensitivity analysis. The best production in this research is treatment F, spacing 70cm x 20cm, unshaded, but for commercial purposes, it is recommended for treatment C, spacing 70cm x 30 cm to be implemented in the intercropping of the sweet corn within coconut plantation due to its financial analysis results.
Transformation of the Governance of the Farmer Groups Association towards Farmer Corporation in The Shalot Area of Solok Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Saptana  , Sativa Mirza , Ar-Rozy Ahmad Maky
Published: November 2023

The main problem in the development of the shallots business in the Solok Regency production center is the weakness of farmer institutional governance and market access. This article aims to formulate a strategy for the transformation of farmers institutional governance in the direction of the farmers corporate institutional governance. This study was conducted in July-August 2019. The results show that the institutional performance of the farmer groups association is at a medium level measured by the role and business activities, while the cooperative is at a level that is less developed in encouraging the development of farmer institutions towards corporate institutions that ongoing in the shallots agribusiness area. Institutional governance performance of the farmers group association and cooperatives has shown that they have begun to work, but the mechanism of work and coordination has not been effective. Strategies for transformation of institutional governance farmer group assosiation and cooperatives into farmer corporation can be done by adding new structures by participating in integrated agribusiness systems and businesses, expanding market goals and segments, developing new related businesses, and strengthening horizontal corporate institutional governance and horizontally vertical through integrated agribusiness partnership.
Analysis The Growth of Microfinance in Upland Areas
Authors: Rachmawati Rika Reviza , Ashari  , Syukur Mat , Darwis Valeriana , Jamal Erizal , Muslim Chairul , Hestina Juni
Published: November 2023

Farmers in upland areas struggle with the accessibility of financial institutions. Due to their remote location and the absence of finance branch offices; therefore, The Ministry of Agriculture and the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) are working together to resolve finance access difficulties by developing Agribusiness Microfinance Institutions (MFI) in upland communities. The study aimed to assess the agricultural sector’s potential and funding restrictions and examine the growth of microfinance in the Upland area. The study was conducted in Garut, Tasikmalaya, Lebak, and Subang districts in October and November 2022. Both primary and secondary data were included in the data set. The data were then descriptively and qualitatively analyzed. The findings indicate that the research area has the potential to expand microfinance based on the existing financial institutions established by the government in various programs. The fundamental issue with MFI is a need for more liquidity, the fulfilment of legality requirements, the role of local governments to arrange, microfinance financial management system plan, implementation of banks as microfinance fund distributors, and loan interest rates paid to farmers. Efforts are needed to speed up the microfinance development process in partnership with formal financing institutions dedicated to assisting farmers and business operators in providing capital.
Feasibility of corn farming in Jember District, East Java
Authors: Sahru Romdon Anggi , Malik Afrizal , Saeri Moh. , Triastono Joko , Gilang Cempaka Intan , Eti Wulanjari Munir
Published: November 2023

The research is focused on assessing the feasibility of corn cultivation. This research was conducted through a survey using a simple random sampling method involving 47 farmers. The survey was conducted in October 2020, and primary and secondary data were collected. Primary data included details about the respondents, characteristics of corn farming, and input-output data was taken from the third Planting Season (July-September 2020). Secondary data was sourced from relevant agencies associated with the research. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the data on the respondents and farming characteristics, while financial analysis was applied to the input-output data to evaluate the viability of the farm and determine the breakeven point for production and price. The results showed: a) corn productivity at 7,200 t/ha grain yield, b) R/C ratio of 1.58, d) BEP price at IDR 3,130/kg, and BEP production at 4,453 kg/ha. As per the criteria of >1, the research concludes that corn farming is economically viable in this case.
Business Process of Red Chili Supply Chain Based on Food Supply Chain Network in Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: Susanawati  , Delliviana Rismayanti Vianda , Akhmadi Heri
Published: November 2023

Red chili is one of the horticultural crops that has a selling value for farmers. However, the distribution system is an inhibiting factor in farmers’ income. This study aims to analyze the red chili supply chain and business process from the production center in Yogyakarta to consumers in Jakarta, Indonesia. Kulon Progo Regency served as the study’s primary location. The sampling for this study was conducted in stages. A total of 80 farmers were selected purposively as the sample. From farmers to consumers in Jakarta, 67 supply chain actors were gathered using snowball sampling. The Food Supply Chain Network (FSCN) model was employed to structure the data analysis. According to the findings, eight actors and three distinct chains were involved in the red chili supply chain. The product and money flow across the three chains ran smoothly; however, the information flow did not. Both three-cycle and push or pull views made up the business process relationship, with all three chains being in the same state. Nine supporting actors were involved in the red chili supply chain, and several agencies and educational institutions performed collaborative studies. The chain actors were exposed to six risks, and no brands were associated with the distributed products. The contract did not formally bind cooperation along the supply chain.
Initiatives towards inclusive trading practices of rice value chain in Pila, Laguna, Philippines
Authors: Agcaoili Diana C. , Cabral Jayson S. , Nuñez Cherry Lou R. , De Castro Melodee Marciana E. , Manuben John Julius P. , Herrera Maria Noriza Q. , Labios Remund Jordan D.
Published: November 2023

Rice industry in the Philippines is beset with environmental, social, and economic concerns resulting in low farmer incomes, lack of food security and meager competitiveness. This study aimed to develop inclusive interventions on rice trading practices involving smallholder farmers. Primary data were derived from baseline interviews from farmers, traders, millers, wholesalers, and retailers to assess trading practices involved in the chain. Stakeholder consultations were also conducted to validate the findings and identify strategies for the initiatives. Based on the results, the major challenges identified include high production and marketing costs of paddy attributed to high material inputs and labor costs. This leads to a low profit margin for smallholder farmers. This gap relates to poor market linkage that limits the ability of farmers to receive higher prices for their produce. Interventions involving the improvement of marketability through market innovation were prioritized to address the gap. Recommendations concerning reducing institutional barriers towards smallholder farmers was provided to broaden adoption of inclusive trading practices and foster a more equitable and sustainable rice value chain.
Evaluating Income Distribution of Certified and Non-Certified Coffee Farmers in West Lampung Regency
Authors: Rahmita Zahra Asyifa , Handoyo Mulyo Jangkung , Irham
Published: November 2023

Income distribution needs greater attention because an uneven distribution of income can leave farmers in a more vulnerable position to the effects of production risk. Many prior studies have focused on the impact of certification on income levels and limited focus on its effect on income distribution. Therefore, this study aims to compare the income distribution of certified and non-certified coffee farmers in West Lampung Regency, which was purposively chosen due to its status as the largest producer of coffee in Lampung Province. Using convenient sampling, 140 coffee farmers were surveyed, consisting of 70 farmers with and 70 without certifications. The data was analysed using the Gini ratio and World Bank’s version analysis. The findings showed that the income distribution for coffee farming and household income distribution was even by Gini ratio approaches. Similarly, with the World Bank’s version, coffee farming and household income distribution are classed as low inequality. In contrast with coffee farming and household income distribution, income outside of coffee farming distribution was unevenly distributed, showing that side jobs have a negative bias toward income distribution. These results suggest that the benefits provided to certified coffee farmers, such as regular training, contributed to coffee farmers’ income equity.
Farmers’ Decision to Delay Selling of Coffee in West Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Erry Prasmatiwi Fembriarti , Rahmita Zahra Asyifa , Evizal Rusdi , Novi Astuti Tri
Published: November 2023

Robusta coffee is a leading export commodity in Lampung Province. Coffee farmers face the problem of high coffee price fluctuations. During the harvest season, the price of coffee will decrease, so farmers are advised to adopt a system of delay selling. This study aims to analyze the system of selling coffee by farmers and to analyze the determinants of coffee farmers’ decisions to delay selling coffee. The research was conducted in West Lampung Regency in November-December 2022. The sub-districts of Way Tenong, Air Hitam, and Batu Brak were purposively selected as research locations. The number of samples is 190 coffee farmers taken by random sampling. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The results showed that 26.84% of the farmers applied a system of delayed selling. Farmers stored coffee in the form of dry coffee fruit to delay selling between 1-10 months after the coffee fruit has dried. With a delayed selling system, farmers got a higher selling price. The determinants of a farmer’s decision to delay selling coffee are farming experience, education level, coffee production, coffee price, household income, and number of family members.
Feasibility and Risk Analysis of Red Chili Farming With Irrigation Systems on Coastal Sandy Land, Bantul
Authors: Risvansuna Fivintari Francy , Salaf Iswara Hanifah , Barnabas Tearine
Published: November 2023

The porous characteristics of the coastal land cause greater water requirements compared to rice fields, this creates risks in farming. Much research has been conducted on red chili farming on coastal land, but there is still little related to red chili farming using various irrigation systems on coastal land.This study aims to determine the cost, income, profit, feasibility, and risks of red chili farming with shower and mist irrigation systems on coastal sandy land. The number of respondents with shower irrigation was 60 farmers, and for mist irrigation there were 10 farmers. The total number of respondents was 70 farmers. The analysis techniques comprised income analysis, farming feasibility analysis based on the R/C ratio, labor productivity, capital productivity, and risk analysis based on the coefficient of variation. The research results show that in terms of costs, shower irrigation is greater than mist irrigation. However, the revenue, income and profits of mist irrigation are greater than shower irrigation. Based on the feasibility analysis, both irrigation systems are feasible in terms of R/C, labor productivity and capital productivity. Judging from production and price risks, mist irrigation has a lower risk compared to shower irrigation.
Farmers’ Motivation to Cultivate Cacao (Theobroma cacao) in Wonoanti Village, Pacitan
Authors: Rozaki Zuhud , Anisya Permata Dea , Farzuha Nor Nainatul
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine the motivation of farmers in cacao farming and the factors related to their motivation in Wonoanti Village, Tulakan Subdistrict, Pacitan Regency. The research was conducted in Bulih Hamlet, Wonoanti Village, Tulakan Subdistrict, Pacitan Regency (purposive sampling), which is an area with good cacao development in Pacitan Regency. The respondents were farmers who were members of the Gemah Ripah 04 farmer group, selected through a census technique, totaling 35 farmers. The analysis used in this study was descriptive analysis, scoring technique, and Rank Spearman correlation analysis. The results showed that (1) farmers’ motivation in cacao farming based on the existence needs is in the moderate category with a score of 17.54, based on relatedness needs is in the high category with a score of 17.37, and based on growth needs is in the high category with a score of 16.97. Hence, it is known that the motivation of farmers in cacao farming in Wonoanti Village, Tulakan Subdistrict, Pacitan Regency is in the high category. (2) The factors related to farmers’ motivation in cacao farming are the number of family dependents, land area, government’s role, and marketing.
Food Security and Welfare of Red Rice Farmers on Dry Land in Ponjong District, Gunungkidul Regency
Authors: Rahayu Lestari , Wijaya Oki , Syaputra Rino , Robani Anidah
Published: November 2023

Cultivating red rice in Gunungkidul Regency’s dry lands is seen as a promising means to alleviate poverty, primarily due to its higher market value, which can fulfill the basic needs of farming households, ensure food security, and enhance their overall well-being. This study specifically evaluates the food security and welfare of dryland red rice farmers in the Ponjong District of Gunungkidul Regency. A sample of 200 farmers was selected using Systematic Random Sampling, with a specific emphasis on the Share of Food Expenditure and the Sajogyo Indicator for analysis. The results reveal significant food security disparities; the southern zone has slightly higher food insecurity (HFES 50.6%). To enhance well-being, policy efforts should prioritize boosting red rice income, strengthening food security, and reducing welfare disparities in all zones, as indicated by various analyses, including GSR (Good Service Ratio), FER (Exchange Rate Analysis of Farmer Income), and the Sajogyo indicator. While none of the zones are categorized as prosperous by GSR, FER designates the southern and northern zones as prosperous, and the Sajogyo indicator classifies all zones as moderately viable, with the central zone showing the most potential for improvement.
The Agricultural Sector in Indonesia Amidst COVID-19: Crisis or Opportunity?
Authors: Fadhlan Musyaffa Nadhif , Radi Myarta Lalu , Kusuma Paksi Arie , Dian Iswari Rani
Published: November 2023

The proliferation of COVID-19 has led to a decline in commercial operations and economic performance, along with a shrinkage in output. Globally, the agricultural sector appears to be more resilient to pandemic-induced disruptions. This sector tends to have a more stable demand compared to industrial goods. Utilizing datasets spanning from 2013 to 2022, sourced from seven different Indonesian governmental departments, we evaluate the influence of fluctuations in agricultural output on the real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indonesia. Our findings reveal that the impacts are fairly consistently dispersed across all four financial quarters, suggesting that any lockdown measures affecting agriculture could have prolonged ramifications on the country’s GDP. Despite its resilience, the agricultural sector faced significant operational hurdles due to production cutbacks, market and border closures, and canceled transactions. Additionally, the financial accessibility for farmers was compromised due to the economic downturn. However, our qualitative analysis indicates that the COVID-19 situation has also unearthed new growth avenues for Indonesia’s agriculture. These include the acceleration and broadening of digital transformation, market expansion for exported goods, and an influx of both skilled and unskilled labor. In light of these findings, we put forth five strategic recommendations aimed at ensuring the long-term sustainability of Indonesia’s agricultural sector.
Paddy Field Area and Geographical Condition on Leptospirosis Risk Factors in Bantul Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Kesetyaningsih Tri , Suryani Lilis , Listyaningrum Noviyanti
Published: November 2023

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease which is transmitted through rat urine and associated with standing water. This study aims to identify the geographical risk factors of leptospirosis in Bantul Regency. This research using cross sectional design with variables of paddy field area, altitude, distance to shoreline, and distance to capital. The unit analysis is sub-district, using data in 2010-2020. Leptospirosis data obtained from Health Office. Data on altitude, distance to capital, and paddy fields area were obtained from the Statistics Agency. Shoreline distance obtained by using GIS processing. Leptospirosis during 2010–2020 were 969 cases. Spearman rank test showed that only distance to capital showed a negative correlation with leptospirosis (p 0.000; r -0.543). Altitude (p 0.153; r -0.05), paddy field area (p 0.338; r 0.248) and distance to shoreline (p 0.143; r 0.208) did not correlate with leptospirosis. This indicate that leptospirosis in Bantul Regency is not a rural disease and not related to paddy fields area. This provides information that prevention of leptospirosis should pay more attention to urban areas. Further research is needed to reveal the species of rat as vector, so that it can be studied in relation to control leptospirosis in Bantul Regency.
Motivation of Farmer Group Members in Implementing an Urban Farming Program in Yogyakarta
Authors: Slamet Widodo Aris , India Wardha Meita , Man Norsida , Zenobia Rachman Agatha
Published: November 2023

Yogyakarta residents are enthusiastic about joining farmer groups utilizing urban yards by executing the Lorong Sayur (vegetable alley) program. Members of the farmer groups realize the potential for expanding urban farming in confined spaces like narrow alleys and other such locations. This study aims to determine the level of motivation and the factors affecting the motivation of urban farmer group members in implementing the Lorong Sayur program in Yogyakarta. The research was purposively conducted in Yogyakarta, precisely in the Districts of Umbulharjo, Danurejan, and Kotagede. Fifty-five respondents were selected using multistage random sampling. Both primary and secondary data, obtained through interviews utilizing questionnaires, observation, and documentation, were employed. The data were analyzed using a Likert scale and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Three needs from Clayton Alderfer’s ERG theory have been proven to predict motivation: the need for existence fell in the medium category, and both the needs for relatedness and growth belonged to the high category. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient discovered that income, frequency of counseling attendance, the agricultural extension workers’ role, and the role of farmer group leaders were all significantly related to urban farmer group members’ motivation to implement the Lorong Sayur program.
Comparative Profit Analysis of Cattle Farming between Pineapple Waste and Elephant Grass Feed in Nunyai Canal District, Central Lampung
Authors: Wisnu Rubiyanto Cahyo , Paramita Imawati Anggarda
Published: November 2023

Cattle farming in Indonesia is still carried out by small and medium-sized farmers and is done traditionally. Farmers’ profits from livestock as a livelihood are still not optimized. This research aims to know the profile of breeder, feeding system, analyzing costs, income and profits as well as analyzing the difference in the business profits of cattle with feed waste pineapple and elephant grass. The study was conducted in Tanjung Anom Village, Nunyai Canal District, Central Lampung. Total respondents were 60 households consisting of 30 cattle farmers with pineapple waste feed and 30 cattle farmers with elephant grass feed. The results of the study showed the revenue of cattle farmers with pineapple waste feed was greater than cattle farmers with elephant grass feed. Each of the profits obtained by cattle breeders with feed waste of pineapple and elephant grass was Rp 1,723,875 and Rp 1,241,751. The difference in profit on the analysis of T-Count obtained the T-calculate value of 0.88 smaller than T-table (2.02269). Using pineapple waste as feed can be a viable option for cattle farmers in terms of profitability and a sustainable solution for utilizing agricultural waste.
The development strategy of organic rice farming in Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Istiyanti Eni , Anitasari Dian Widi , Binti Zainal Abidin Nadiah
Published: November 2023

The development of organic rice is also supported by the development of agricultural technology such as compost processing, biological pesticides, agricultural machinery. The conversion of agricultural land in Bantul Regency is unavoidable and has increased. This will have an impact on the development of organic rice farming. This study aims to formulate a strategy for developing organic rice in Bantul Regency based on internal and external factors. This research was conducted in Bantul Regency with the consideration of the most extensive Sustainable Food Agricultural Land. Respondents in this study amounted to 15 people including administrators of organic rice farmer groups, combined farmer groups, organic rice traders, field agricultural extension and Department of Agriculture. The stages in formulating a strategy for developing organic rice farming are (1) Data Collection Stages: IFAS (Internal Factors Strategy Analysis) and EFAS (External Factors Strategic Analysis); (2) Data Analysis Stages: SWOT matrix, and (3) Decision Making Stages: QSPM matrix. The results showed that the strategy that becomes a priority for the development of organic rice farming are skills training for organic rice farmers in farming management and marketing and use of natural resources potential in controlling plant pest organisms of organic rice.
Cluster Identification of Agrotourism in Banten Province Indonesia
Authors: Suherna Suherna , Budiaji Weksi , Nurmayulis Nurmayulis
Published: November 2023

The post-pandemic era affects the tourism sector. Before the pandemic, agrotourism was growing in Banten Province in line with the development of special economic zones. To regain the competitiveness of agrotourism in Banten Province, characterization among regions is crucial. This study aims to cluster the regions in Banten Province into groups to identify the agrotourism potency. This study employed a descriptive quantitative study by applying k-medoid clustering in the secondary data of Banten in Figures and eliciting information from the Tourism Department of Banten Province. The number of agrotourism sites, the population number, and the number of restaurants were included in the clustering process. The clustering analysis that results in three clusters was validated and visualized via relative and internal criteria. Cluster 1 was the least potential cluster of agrotourism with members of two municipals Tangerang and Tangerang Selatan. Cluster 2 was the most potential agrotourism region which has members of three regions of Pandeglang, Lebak, and Serang and two municipals of Serang and Cilegon. It is characterized by the highest number of agrotourism sites. Cluster 3 was the second potential agrotourism cluster where the regency of Tangerang was the only member possessing the highest population as a potential market.
The Benevolent of Eco-phronesis Local Wisdom for Preserving the Environment
Authors: Angelic Umboh Ivonne , Didiek Wiet Aryanto Vincent
Published: November 2023

This study intends to explore research on the ecological aspects of women entrepreneurs in promoting the performance of their companies through the local wisdom of Ecophronesis. This study also investigates how SME environmental-friendly entrepreneurs can improve the performance of their companies through the local knowledge of Ecophronesis. Their Business aligns with nature conservation through natural dyes and according to life cycle assessment from raw materials to product delivery to their customers (green logistics). The production of environmental-friendly batik (Indonesian waxy handy craft painted textile) complies with the LCA, which ponders environmental-friendly entrepreneurs. Furthermore, the local wisdom of Eco-phronesis explores its role in encouraging company performance. The census method used with the number of respondents is 180, drawn from female entrepreneurs who run environment-friendly Businesses. This research will be carried out in Bayat, Indonesia, in 2021. This research may contribute to the body of knowledge of green business literature, particularly by applying Ecophronesis as a realization of local wisdom.
Evaluating the Sustainability of Local-Based Ecotourism in Tulungagung
Authors: Abbas Muhammad Hasyim Ibnu , Sumarsono Hadi , Rahmawati Farida , Dwiputri Inayati Nuraini , Kustiandi Januar
Published: November 2023

Rural areas have various kinds of tourism potential. Unfortunately, the lack of knowledge of tourism managers about sustainable tourism often makes tourism in rural areas intersect with aspects of sustainability. The concept of Ecotourism is one solution to resolve the conflict between the two. However, an Ecotourism Site in a village can cause inequality in one of its dimensions if it is not managed properly and carefully. This study aims to examine the three dimensions of Mbalong Kawuk ecotourism sustainability in Tulungagung. The method of assessing the sustainability status of Mbalong Kawuk ecotourism used in this study is the modified Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) model of RAPFISH (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries). The dimensions of sustainability assessed in this study are the Ecological Dimension, the Economic Dimension, and the Human Resource Dimension. Furthermore, leverage analysis is carried out to determine the sensitive attributes that contribute to determining and assessing the sustainability of a dimension. The results of the analysis show that the ecological dimension, having a percentage level of sustainability of 54.46%, the economic dimension (62.39%), and the human resource dimension (64.55%) in Mbalong Kawuk Ecotourism are categorized as “quite sustainable”.
Existence Mentaraman: Sustainable Rural Tourism Approach for Pagelaran
Authors: Yunika Puspasari Emma , Haslinda Noor , Istiqomah Ni’matul
Published: November 2023

Pagelaran has cultural potential and natural capital which is the uniqueness of the Pagelaran community. The performing community does have a Mentaraman which is well known locally. However, the stretching of cultural education tourism in the Mentaraman the performance has not yet shown its climax, there are still obstacles that become a trap for Pagelaran to develop the potential become an independent tourism. The main problem. Underdevelopment of resources to expand public access to the existence of the Mentaraman Pagelaran is very limited. The diversity of tourist attractions in Pagelaran will become a contradiction if it is not synergized with the supporting components and elements of a tourism create an independent and sustainable educational tourism. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach using an exploratory research model. This study aims to analyze efforts to develop Mentaraman sustainable tourism. Mentaraman tourism destination prioritizes the preservation of local culture, traditional wisdom, and community welfare, considering sustainable environmental impacts. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with local communities, tourism village managers, and other related parties. In addition, participatory observation and analysis of related documents were also carried out to obtain more complete data. Mentaraman to develop sustainable strategies in developing culture-based tourism. Some of the strategies identified include creating active community participation in managing tourism, diversifying culture-based tourism products, using green technology to reduce environmental impact, and collaborative approaches with external parties to strengthen promotion and marketing.
Rice Production with Jajar Legowo Planting System without Insertion on Irrigated Paddy Fields
Authors: Minarsih Sri , Dyah Arianti Forita , Samijan Samijan , Nurwahyuni Endah
Published: November 2023

The Jajar Legowo planting system brings many benefits regarding productivity and planting techniques. Applying Jajar Legowo varies depending on the level of understanding and ease of application. This study aims to determine rice production with several planting systems of Jajar Legowo without insertion (legowo) in irrigated paddy fields. This study compared a Legowo planting system in several types of legowo (legowo 2:1, 4:1, and 6:1) with the regular cropping system or squares. Observational data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 95% confidence level, followed by Duncan’s test if there was a significant difference. The results of the analysis showed that the Legowo planting system showed no significant. The highest production of 5.71 tons/ha of milled dry grain (MDG) was obtained in the square planting system, and the lowest was in the legowo 6:1 planting system (5.51 tons MDG per hectar).
Application of Biofertilizing Agents and Entomopathogenic Fungi in Lowland Rice
Authors: Sutarman  , Anggreini Antika D. , Prihatiningrum Andriani E. , Miftahurrohmat Agus
Published: November 2023

Protection of rice plant health that is environmentally friendly and free of toxic synthetic chemicals requires the availability of effective biological agents in biocontrol and biofertilization. This research aims to determine the effect of Trichoderma asperellum and entomopathogenic fungi on growth, pest attack index, and lowland rice production in stem borer endemic land. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with the main plot being Trichoderma applications consisting of without and with Trichoderma asperellum, while the sub plots were applications of entomopathogenic fungi consisting of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and without entomopathogens. The experiment was repeated four times. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and HSD test at the 5% level. The interaction of these two factors has a significant effect on plant response. Combination application of Trichoderma esperellum with Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae increased the maximum number of tillers by 39.53% and 46.51% respectively, reduced the intensity of the rice white stemborer attack symptoms by 39.53-46.51%, increased the maximum number of panicles by 15.76% and 13.34%, grain weight per hill 21.66% and 17.33%. Trichoderma asperellum and entomopathogens can be used to protect rice plants in areas endemic to stem borer pests.
Formulation Techniques and Variations of CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) Concentrations to Improve on Making Gluten-Free Corn Macaron
Authors: Herawati Heny , Agustinisari Iceu , Kurniasari Indah , Anggraeni Dian , Bachtiar Muchamad
Published: November 2023

Macaron a bakery product with the raw main-based material almond flour. Almond flour is quite expensive. One alternative that can be used as raw material for making macaron is corn flour to improve the characteristics of macaron from corn flour add a food additive in the form of CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose). The purpose of this research activity to implement formulation techniques and variations in the addition of CMC concentrations to the characteristics of gluten-free corn flour macaron. The research activity was carried out using two repetitions with a Completely Randomized Design. The treatments used were almond flour macaron, corn macaron, and the addition of CMC (1, 2 and 4%). Based on the results of the study, different physical characteristics were obtained between treatments. Color values (L, a, b, C) of macaron between treatments showed different results. Treatment of different formulas and concentrations of CMC addition resulted in different thickness/weight and diameter/weight ratios. The texture value of the almond macaron hardness parameter has the same statistical characteristics as corn flour macaron added with 2 and 4% CMC. The protein and fat content of almond flour macaron is still higher than that of corn flour macaron according to the proximate content of the flour raw material used.
Potential of Humic Acid from Soil to Reduce The Content of Heavy Metals
Authors: Mulyani Oviyanti , Joy Benny , Kurnia Dikdik , Adachi Yasuhisa
Published: November 2023

Humic acid is an important component for the qualities of soil with different properties or characteristics depending on the sources. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of humic acid produced from soil as a heavy metal adsorbent. This study used several methods to examine its adsorption pattern, including time incubations (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 minutes), pH treatment (1-9), the adsorbent treatments (humic acid) with a weight ratio of adsorbent (1:2:3 and 4) also adsorption using five different heavy metals concentrations. The result showed that each treatment provides a different pattern of heavy metal uptake depending on the type of heavy metals. Humic acid from soil has good adsorption characteristics. They absorbed the greatest amount of heavy metals, particularly Pb (18.25%-98.06%), Cd (3.65%-70, 99%), and Cr (18.15%-97.52%). Furthermore, soil as a planting medium has potential to be used as a substance that can reduce heavy metal contain.
Implementation of Supplementary Water Irrigation and Rice Husk for Climate Change Adaptation and Improving Soil Quality in Dry Land, Gunungkidul
Authors: Riyanto Damasus , Budiarti Sri Wahyuni , Jihad Muhammad , Yustisia  , Khairullah Izhar , Widowati Rahayu
Published: November 2023

Dry land in Gunungkidul is the land that depends on rainfall as the main water source to the crops. This research aimed to evaluate the implementation of supplementary water irrigation and rice husk for improving soil quality. The study conducted at dry land of Wonosari-Gunungkidul on June-Sept 2019. Experimental Design used Randomized Completely Block and replicated four times. The treatments were frequency of irrigation, namely F1 (1 times), F2 (2 times), F3 (3 times) a week, and application of soil amendment, namely: M1 (without mulch), M2 rice straw 4 ton.ha-1), M3 (rice husks 4 ton.ha-1), M4 (straw mulch + rice husk 4 ton.ha-1). The result of study showed that applying straw much and rice husk plus supplementary water irrigation two times a week was able to provide the highest corn production (7.46 ton.ha-1) and was not significantly different to the irrigation three times a week and showed an increased yield of corn 52.56% compared to control (watering once a week and without mulch/rice husk). Applying straw and rice husk can be improved the chemical soil properties (increasing water holding capacity,C-organic, P and K available and CEC).The financial farming of BC ratio reached 2.25 and increased 144.56% compare to control treatment.
Determination of Plant Biomass based on Energy Indicators of The Arid Region
Authors: Bezborodov Yuri , Khozhanov Nyetbai
Published: November 2023

The aim of the research is to find out the energetic efficiency of the applied adaptive landscape agricultural system under the conditions of the arid zone in Kazakhstan. During the field studies at the experimental site in Zhambyl region of the Republic of Kazakhstan the calculation of corn biomass was carried out. The existing technology for determining the biomass values requires a lot of manual labor and time. Therefore, relied on the analysis of long-term data obtained by domestic and foreign scientists, it was concluded that biomass accumulation is closely related to plant height. The results of biomass calculations of corn grown for grain demonstrate that biomass varies within the range of 542-634 c/ha, which corresponds to the index of PAR utilization in the diapason of 32-37%. So, in the field experiment under the conditions of arid zone the dry biomass can amount to 96.6-110.4 c/ha. The proposed methodology allows improving the agricultural system and intensifying agriculture, taking into consideration the rational use of energy resources, which leads to the changes in crop placement structure depending on the solar radiation coefficient (КR).
Complex assessment of prospects for cultivation of ultra-early and very early ripening table grape varieties in the Crimea
Authors: Boiko Vladimir , Urdenko Natalia , Beibulatov Magomedsaigit , Tikhomirova Nadezhda , Buival Roman
Published: November 2023

The results of comparative analysis of phenology, agrobiology, growth vigor, yield and quality characteristics, and uvological indicators of ultra-early and very early ripening table grape varieties are presented. Environmental distance of Crimean agro-climatic conditions and the genetic potential of varieties make it possible to increase the productivity of Crimean vineyards, as well as to cultivate the varieties of ultra-early and very early ripening. The purpose of the work is a comparative description of agro-biological and economic characteristics of table grape varieties in different cultivation areas, and an assessment of their prospects for the Crimea. Based on the methodology developed at the Magarach Institute, the uvological and agrobiological indicators of the studied varieties were studied. Shipping quality of the studied table grape varieties in two zones of cultivation is assessed on the basis of field-proven methodology. Better shipped grape varieties with a high transportability coefficient (T1 - from 80% to 100%) were identified depending on the ripening period. Index values of potential prospects (IPP) for the studied varieties were calculated, being in the range from 0.58 to 0.84. The results obtained are a basis to be used in establishing new plantings and providing a continuous-production line with new table grape varieties of all ripening periods with a high IPP.
Proline Content, Physiological and Agronomic Characters of Rice (Oryza sativa cv. Inpari Unsoed 79 Agritan) under Treated with PGPR in Saline Medium
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto , Oktaviani Eka , Anik Leana Ni Wayan , Ulinuha Zulfa , Eko Kusuno Kurniawan Ruly , Tarjoko Tarjoko , Supartoto Supartoto , Mudmainah Siti
Published: November 2023

Tidal areas near the coastline are prone to salinity impacts as a negative impact of seawater intrusion which causes dissolved salt levels to increase. The biological approach using PGPR is an environmentally friendly approach. The aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of useful bacteria from saline soils to increase the resistance of rice plants to salinity stress. The research was carried out from April to October 2022 in the Lab. Agronomy & Horticulture Faperta UNSOED. This research was experimental research using liquid culture techniques for cultivating plants using AB Mix media. The design used was a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments were included Control (P0), Acinetobacter junii (P1), Bacillus tropicus (P2), Acinetobacter schindleri (P3), Pseudomonas stutzeri (P4), Bacillus altitudinis (P5), Bacillus cereus (P6), dan Bacillus subtilis (P7). The results of the study showed that Diazotrophic Bacteria inoculation can increase the resistance of rice plants to rice plants by increasing proline production, increasing net assimilation rates and relative growth rates. Acinetobacter schindleri, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus tropicus are potential N2 fixing bacterial strains to increase the growth and yield of rice under saline conditions. Treatment of Acinetobacter schindleri was able to provide the highest grain yields reaching 16.95 g/plant.