bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Behavioral traits and territoriality in the symbiotic scaleworm Ophthalmonoe pettiboneae
Authors: Britayev Temir A. , Martin Daniel
Published: June 2021

Among marine invertebrates, polychaete worms form symbiotic associations showing a wide variety of host use patterns. Most commonly, they live solitary on hosts, likely resulting from territorial behavior, yet little is known of the precise nature of the involved interactions. Based on field and laboratory observations, we described the symbiotic association betweenOphthalmonoe pettibonaeandChaetopteruscf.appendiculatusfrom Nhatrang Bay (Vietnam). Then, by experimentally manipulating the competitor-to-resource ratio, we analyzed symbiont behavior and we assessed whether the 1:1 uniform distribution observed in nature could be driven by agonistic territorial behavior. Hosts and symbiont populations had low densities, lacked size relationships and showed higher prevalence when denser. Symbiont behavior included territoriality, expressed through conspecific recognition and intraspecific aggressive interactions (pursuit and escaping, hiding, choosing position, aggressive fighting, and targeting a specific bite zone). Our experiments proved that territoriality led to host monopolization by a single symbiont, provided the first empirical evidence that symbiont body injuries were caused during territorial contests, and allowed us to first suggest that a marine symbiotic invertebrate may control a territory extending beyond its host, even including neighboring hosts. Overall, this is the first report of such a complex symbiotic behavior for an annelid polychaete.
Transcriptional response to prolonged perchlorate exposure in the methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri and implications for Martian habitability
Authors: Harris Rachel L. , Schuerger Andrew C. , Wang Wei , Tamama Yuri , Garvin Zachary K. , Onstott Tullis C.
Published: June 2021

Observations of trace methane (CH4) in the Martian atmosphere are significant to the astrobiology community given the overwhelming contribution of biological methanogenesis to atmospheric CH4 on Earth. Previous studies have shown that methanogenic Archaea can generate CH4 when incubated with perchlorates, highly oxidizing chaotropic salts which have been found across the Martian surface. However, the regulatory mechanisms behind this remain completely unexplored. In this study we performed comparative transcriptomics on the methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri, which was incubated at 30˚C and 0˚C with 10–20 mM calcium-, magnesium-, or sodium perchlorate. Consistent with prior studies, we observed decreased CH4 production and apparent perchlorate reduction, with the latter process proceeding by heretofore essentially unknown mechanisms. Transcriptomic responses of M. barkeri to perchlorates include up-regulation of osmoprotectant transporters and selection against redox-sensitive amino acids. Increased expression of methylamine methanogenesis genes suggest competition for H2 with perchlorate reduction, which we propose is catalyzed by up-regulated molybdenum-containing enzymes and maintained by siphoning diffused H2 from energy-conserving hydrogenases. Methanogenesis regulatory patterns suggest Mars’ freezing temperatures alone pose greater constraints to CH4 production than perchlorates. These findings increase our understanding of methanogen survival in extreme environments and confers continued consideration of a potential biological contribution to Martian CH4.
Metformin use is associated with a reduced risk of acute appendicitis in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tseng Chin-Hsiao
Published: June 2021

This retrospective cohort study used the nationwide database of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance to investigate whether metformin would reduce the risk of acute appendicitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We first identified 423,949 patients newly diagnosed of diabetes from 1999 to 2005. After excluding patients having type 1 diabetes mellitus, missing data, previous history of acute appendicitis, aged < 15 years, aged > 80 years and followed up for < 6 months, 338,172 ever users and 21,861 never users of metformin were followed up from January 1, 2006 until December 31, 2011. Incidence of acute appendicitis was estimated for never users, ever users and subgroups (divided by median, tertiles and quartiles, respectively) of dose–response indicators including cumulative duration (months), cumulative dose (mg) and average daily dose (mg/day) of metformin therapy. We used Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity score to estimate the overall hazard ratio for ever versus never users, and the hazard ratios for subgroups of dose–response indicators versus never users. Results showed that new-onset acute appendicitis was diagnosed in 1558 ever users and 179 never users during follow-up. The incidence was 98.15 per 100,000 person-years in ever users and was 189.48 per 100,000 person-years in never users. The overall hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.514 (0.441–0.600) suggested a lower risk of acute appendicitis associated with metformin use. A dose–response pattern was consistently observed in the analyses of different subgroups of dose–response indicators and the reduced risk associated with metformin use was consistently observed in various sensitivity analyses. An average daily dose of 1000–1500 mg/day can significantly reduce the risk by > 50%. The benefit did not differ between different formulations of metformin, and the estimated hazard ratio for conventional/immediate-release metformin versus never users was 0.516 (0.441–0.603) and was 0.509 (0.421–0.615) for prolonged/slow-release metformin versus never users. It is concluded that metformin use is associated with a reduced risk of acute appendicitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A retrospective study on the therapeutic effects of sodium bicarbonate for adult in-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Wang Chih-Hung , Wu Cheng-Yi , Wu Meng-Che , Chang Wei-Tien , Huang Chien-Hua , Tsai Min-Shan , Lu Tsung-Chien , Chou Eric , Hsieh Yu-Lin , Chen Wen-Jone
Published: June 2021

To investigate whether the effects of sodium bicarbonate (SB) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) would be influenced by blood pH and administration timing. Adult patients experiencing in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) from 2006 to 2015 were retrospectively screened. Early intra-arrest blood gas data were obtained within 10 min of CPR. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and generalised additive models were used for effect estimation and data exploration, respectively. A total of 1060 patients were included. Only 59 patients demonstrated favourable neurological status at hospital discharge. Blood pH ≤ 7.18 was inversely associated with favourable neurological outcome (odds ratio [OR], 0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11–0.52; p value < 0.001) while SB use was not. In the interaction analysis for favourable neurological outcome, significant interactions were noted between SB use and time to SB (SB use × time to SB ≥ 20 min; OR 6.16; 95% CI 1.42–26.75; p value = 0.02). In the interaction analysis for survival to hospital discharge, significant interactions were noted between SB use and blood pH (Non-SB use × blood pH > 7.18; OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.01–2.41; p value = 0.05). SB should not be empirically administered for patients with IHCA since its effects may be influenced by blood pH and administration timing.
The real seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in France and its consequences for virus dynamics
Authors: Dimeglio Chloé , Loubes Jean-Michel , Miedougé Marcel , Herin Fabrice , Soulat Jean-Marc , Izopet Jacques
Published: June 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread world-wide since December 2019, killing more than 2.9 million of people. We have adapted a statistical model from the SIR epidemiological models to predict the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in France. Our model is based on several parameters and assumed a 4.2% seroprevalence in Occitania after the first lockdown. The recent use of serological tests to measure the effective seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the population of Occitania has led to a seroprevalence around 2.4%. This implies to review the parameters of our model to conclude at a lower than expected virus transmission rate, which may be due to infectivity varying with the patient’s symptoms or to a constraint due to an uneven population geographical distribution.
Correction: Gadolinium-doped carbon dots with high-performance in dual-modal molecular imaging
Authors: Wang Le , Zhou Wenjie , Yang Dan , Hu Zhe , Mei Shiliang , Yuan Jun , Zhang Wanlu , Li Hui , Fan Hong , Xie Fengxian , Guo Ruiqian
Published: June 2021

Correction for ‘Gadolinium-doped carbon dots with high-performance in dual-modal molecular imaging’ by Le Wang et al., Anal. Methods, 2021, 13, 2442–2449, DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00270h.
Mechanistic and chemoselective insights on sp3- and sp2-C–H bond aminations: Fe- vs. Ir-based catalysis
Authors: Wang Juping , Xiao Rongxing , Zheng Kangcheng , Qian Li
Published: June 2021

The mechanisms of Fe- and Ir-catalyzed sp3- and sp2-C–H bond aminations of a styryl substrate have been studied using the BPW91 method, with an emphasis on the origin of sp3-to-sp2-C–H amination chemoselectivity.
Quantitative urinary tract infection diagnosis of leukocyte esterase with a microfluidic paper-based device
Authors: Tseng Wei-Ting , Tseng Hsin-Yi , Chou Yin-Yu , Wang Yin-Chen , Tseng Tz-Ning , Ho Li-Ing , Pan Sheng-Wei , Ho Mei-Lin
Published: June 2021

Electrochemical diagnosis of leukocyte esterase for urinary tract infection by using microfluidic paper-based device.
Multifunctional nanoscale lanthanide metal–organic framework based ratiometric fluorescence paper microchip for visual dopamine assay
Authors: Yu Long , Feng Lixiang , Xiong Li , Li Shuo , Xu Qi , Pan Xiangyu , Xiao Yuxiu
Published: June 2021

A turn-on and ratiometric fluorescent dopamine catalytic detection platform based on nanoscale Cu@Eu–BTC was fabricated; moreover, a MOF paper microchip was designed for portable and visual assay in μL-samples, assisted by a smartphone and UV lamp.
Multicolor mechanochromism of a multinetwork elastomer that can distinguish between low and high stress
Authors: Wang Taisheng , Wang Haoxiang , Shen Lei , Zhang Na
Published: June 2021

We report our findings on a multicolor mechanochromic elastomer that is able to discriminate between low and high stress. The key point of our design depends on the introduction of two UV-inert mechanophores into different polymer networks.
Lifetime elongation of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes by inhibiting the degradation of hole transport layer
Authors: Lin Bo-Yen , Ding Wen-Chen , Chen Chia-Hsun , Kuo Ya-Pei , Lee Jiun-Haw , Lee Chun-Yu , Chiu Tien-Lung
Published: June 2021

Developing a colloidal quantum-dot light-emitting device (QDLED) with an enhancement on efficiency and reliability by inhibiting HTL degradation.
Highly efficient Lewis acid catalytic activity of the tritylium ion at the node of a tensile organic framework
Authors: Zhao Shuai , Zhang Juhui , Zhai Yongchang , Zou Xiaoqin , Wang Shaolei , Bian Zheng , Cui Fengchao , Zhu Guangshan
Published: June 2021

In this work, a tensile tritylium-based organic framework, PAF-201 was prepared. The Lewis acid catalytic ability of PAF-201 was significantly higher than that of tritylium tetrafluoroborate. This work presented the catalytic activity of the tritylium ion under stress.
Self-assembly of stimuli-responsive coiled-coil fibrous hydrogels
Authors: Meleties Michael , Katyal Priya , Lin Bonnie , Britton Dustin , Montclare Jin Kim
Published: June 2021

A pH-sensitive coiled-coil hydrogel is presented. A pH of 6 results in nanoparticles that are unable to undergo gelation, while pH levels closer to the isoelectric point allow for the formation of fibers that physically crosslink and form hydrogels.
Origin of the catalytic activity at graphite electrodes in vanadium flow batteries
Authors: Radinger Hannes , Ghamlouche Ahmad , Ehrenberg Helmut , Scheiba Frieder
Published: June 2021

Deoxygenated graphite electrodes exhibited an overall higher electrocatalytic activity than the oxygen-rich starting material. Free edge sites were therefore identified as the origin of the charge transfer process for the vanadium redox reactions.
Mechanically responsive luminescent films based on copper iodide clusters
Authors: Utrera-Melero Raquel , Huitorel Brendan , Cordier Marie , Massuyeau Florian , Mevellec Jean-Yves , Stephant Nicolas , Deniard Philippe , Latouche Camille , Martineau-Corcos Charlotte , Perruchas Sandrine
Published: June 2021

A mechanochromic luminescent copper iodide cluster is reported whose luminescence is exalted in response to mechanical stress. The underlying mechanism has been investigated along with the preparation of mechanically responsive films.
From Ce(IO3)4 to CeF2(IO3)2: fluorinated homovalent substitution simultaneously enhances SHG response and bandgap for mid-infrared nonlinear optics
Authors: Wu Tianhui , Jiang Xingxing , Wu Chao , Sha Hongyuan , Wang Zujian , Lin Zheshuai , Huang Zhipeng , Long Xifa , Humphrey Mark G. , Zhang Chi
Published: June 2021

An efficient mid-IR NLO material, CeF2(IO3)2, was rationally designed using a fluorinated homovalent substitution strategy.
Direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets with the ELT/HARMONI high-contrast module
Authors: Houllé M. , Vigan A. , Carlotti A. , Choquet É. , Cantalloube F. , Phillips M. W. , Sauvage J.-F. , Schwartz N. , Otten G. P. P. L. , Baraffe I. , Emsenhuber A. , Mordasini C.
Published: June 2021

Combining high-contrast imaging with medium-resolution spectroscopy has been shown to significantly boost the direct detection of exoplanets. HARMONI, one of the first-light instruments to be mounted on ESO’s future extremely large telescope (ELT), will be equipped with a single-conjugated adaptive optics system to reach the diffraction limit of the ELT in theHandKbands, a high-contrast module dedicated to exoplanet imaging, and a medium-resolution (up toR = 17 000) optical and near-infrared integral field spectrograph. When combined, these systems will provide unprecedented contrast limits at separations between 50 and 400 mas. This paper is aimed at estimating the capabilities of the HARMONI high-contrast module for the direct detection of young giant exoplanets. We use an end-to-end model of the instrument to simulate high-contrast observations performed with HARMONI, based on realistic observing scenarios and conditions. We then analyze these data with the so-called “molecule mapping” technique combined with a matched-filter approach in order to disentangle companions from the host star and tellurics and to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the planetary signal. We detected planets above 5σat contrasts up to 16 mag and separations down to 75 mas in several spectral configurations of the instrument. We show that molecule mapping allows for the detection of companions up to 2.5 mag fainter compared to state-of-the-art high-contrast imaging techniques based on angular differential imaging. We also demonstrate that the performance is not strongly affected by the spectral type of the host star and we show that we are able to reach close sensitivities for the best three quartiles of observing conditions at Armazones, which means that HARMONI could be used in near-critical observations during 60 to 70% of telescope time at the ELT. Finally, we simulated planets from population synthesis models to further explore the parameter space that HARMONI and its high-contrast module will open up and compare this to the current high-contrast instrumentation.
A geometric condition for the uniform stability of linear magnetoelasticity
Authors: Duyckaerts Thomas
Published: June 2021

We give a necessary and sufficient condition, of geometrical type, for the uniform decay of energy of solutions of the linear system of magnetoelasticity in a bounded domain with smooth boundary. A Dirichlet-type boundary condition is assumed. Our strategy is to use microlocal defect measures to show suitable observability inequalities on high-frequency solutions of the Lamé system.
Experimental study on particulate control of turbo gasoline engine
Authors: Li Shicheng , Chen Kongwu , Long Yongsheng , Peng Hao , Wang Jingbo , Kang Tianhong
Published: June 2021

This study takes light-passenger vehicles with 1.5L port fuel injection turbocharged engine as the research object, based on the WLTC test cycle about the China 6b emissions regulations, including some influence of several key technologies, such as fuel injector selection, intake VVT opening, fuel control and gear shift point matching, what can affect the particulate emissions from light-passenger vehicles. The results show that without particulate filter (GPF) technology, Using the original 4-hole fuel injector, the opened intake air VVT in catalyst light off, the optimized fuel control and gearbox shift point, the emission test results of the light-passenger vehicle can reach the development target of China 6b, what can avoid GPF blockage and regeneration problems in the market. Meanwhile, the cost of mass production and development cycle about vehicle is effectively reduced.
Analysis of the influence of RDE test data processing methods on the emission results of China 6 light duty vehicles
Authors: Wang Zhihong , Wu Penghui , Yu Nenghui , Zhang Yuanjun , Wang Zhijun
Published: June 2021

The CO2 moving average window(MAW) method is used to process RDE (real drive emissions) emissions data in China 6 light duty vehicle emissions regulations, while the Euro 6 light duty vehicle emission regulations allow to use both of MAW and power binning(PB) method to deal with RDE emission data. In order to study the difference between the two data processing methods and analyze the differences in the emission results, 10 different types of light duty vehicles are conducted RDE test with PEMS (portable emissions measurement system), and the test data are processed by the two methods separately. The results show that there is a little difference between MAW and PB, while both of them can satisfy the vehicle emission assessment. The PB method calculates the emission factors higher than the MAW method. After removing the cold start and idle condition data, the results of PB is similar to MAW. Besides, reducing the average speed limit of urban working conditions in PB has a greater impact on the urban driving condition emission factor, but less on the whole cycle emission factor.
Experimental study on high-speed endurance of electric vehicle at normal temperature (25℃)
Authors: Li Chun , Yang Fan , Wang Zhenchong
Published: June 2021

Electric vehicle[1] endurance has always been a major concern for car buyers. Based on the six conventional electric vehicles selected from the market, the driving range of the chassis dynamometer with the environment warehouse is first carried out under the CLTC-P condition of normal temperature environment, and compared with the vehicle meter-display driving range. After testing the speed of 100 km/h of the driving range, the high-speed driving range at normal temperature is obtained, and then compared with the normal temperature driving range and the meter-display driving range, the drop rate of high-speed driving range is obtained. By analyzing and comparing the different test conditions of 6 vehicles, the influence trend of battery quantity, test quality, resistance and driving mode on high-speed driving range is obtained. Allowing consumers to anticipate their travel plans and also provides data for subsequent car companies to improve the quality of electric vehicles.
Research on the adaptability of vehicles with different technical types to the China 6 regulation standard
Authors: Yan Feng , Ling Jian , Dai Chunbei , Wang Yuewei , Li Jingyuan
Published: June 2021

A test fleet including 47 gasoline vehicles with 6 different technical types was organized, and the adaptability of these vehicles under China 6 standard was studied. By analyzing the performance of the vehicles tested in laboratory and in real-world, technical types that could simultaneously reconcile emission and fuel consumption performance were proposed. The results show that all vehicles were well performed under laboratory conditions, but in real-world conditions, 50% direct injection vehicles without GPF would fail the RDE test. On the other hand, vehicles with GPF had better performance, all of which passed the RDE tests even if the conformity factor decreased from 2.1 to 1. In addition, it is found that the fuel consumption of the DI vehicles were lower than that of the PFI vehicles. As the DI vehicles with GPF showed better performance on the balance of emission and fuel consumption, indicating that they may have better potentials to deal with the increasing tightened emission and fuel consumption standards at the same time.
Effect of altitude on the emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine
Authors: Zhao Wei , Ge Yunshan , Li Jingyuan , Liu Le , Wang Yuwei
Published: June 2021

To evaluate the effects of altitude on common rail electronic-controlled diesel engine, an experiment was carried out on a test bench with the simulated altitude system. The results indicated that the emissions of CO and Soot increased, while the impact of altitude on NOx varied based on the specific loads and speed when altitude increased from 0m to 4000m. The increment rate of CO and Soot increased with altitude, and the impact of altitude was greater on CO and Soot than those of NOX. The average emissions of CO and Soot increased with altitude, while the average emission NOx first increased at 1000m then decreased with altitude. The average increasing rate of CO ,Soot and NOx was 14.5%~59.5%, 13.4%~25.6% , -5.6%~0.5% respectively.
Design and simulation of frequency divider circuit based on multisim
Authors: Li Ling , Meng Lingguo , Wang Fuxun
Published: June 2021

Frequency divider circuit is the basic circuit in digital logic circuit. The circuit function is to divide or drop the frequency of the high frequency signal to get the lower frequency signal for a given frequency signal by division. On the Multisim software platform, using different design methods, as the foundation of middle scale integration chip 74LS161, design even frequency divider, odd frequency divider circuit and (N- 0.5) frequency divider circuit respectively. Each circuit design principle and method is illustrated and simulated. The results showed that the design is correct and conform to the proposed requirement. Experimental teaching applications based on Multisim software can improve design efficiency and reduce development time of design systems.
Design and implementation of adversarial virtual simulation training system
Authors: Li Shixiong , Sun Xuwen , Zhou Hongchao , Zhang Tianlei , Wang Zhenjiang
Published: June 2021

With a view to further enriching the college practical teaching conditions and also for the college teaching being closer to actual combat, a study is made on basis of system demand analysis in the early stage about the internal interface relationship and information/control process of the antagonistic virtual simulation training system with a key technology analysis made to lay a solid foundation for the implementation of the antagonistic virtual simulation training system.
Commercial mechanism analysis and benefit evaluation of energy storage
Authors: Zhiqiang Wang , Xiaolong Wang , Yuyang Mao
Published: June 2021

With the increasing proportion of renewable energy in the energy system, problems such as power fluctuation and difficulty in frequency and voltage regulation are aggravated. The application of energy storage can alleviate these problems, and reasonable commercial mechanism analysis and benefit evaluation can promote the adoption of energy storage technology by the society. In this paper, the commercial mechanism is divided into four dominant modes based on market subjects, the main application scenarios of each mode are given, and the dominant modes are compared from the perspectives of technology, economy and society. Finally, the benefit evaluation models of each application scenario are constructed. The content of this paper has a certain reference value for investors of energy storage devices.
Feasibility of Nanotechnology in the Application of Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Zhiliang
Published: June 2021

The application of nanotechnology in medicine is one of the hot spots now. In this paper, the tumor treatment has carried on the detailed elaboration, from three major treatments called surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The past treatments and the existing defects of each methods were illustrated, respectively. Then by referring to the relevant literature, what changes the nanotechnology will exert on the three methods were analyzed. In the end, this article presented some shortages and challenges of nanotechnology. According to the research results, nanotechnology can effectively improve the therapeutic effect of the three methods from the following aspects: Firstly, it can improve the accuracy and safety of surgery; Secondly it can enhance the sensitivity of tumor tissues to radiotherapy; Thirdly, it can improve the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy with nano-drugs. In contrast, the low safety and non-standardization of product quality are the main limitations of this technology.
Processing and Prospect of Electronic Nose
Authors: Deng Yibo
Published: June 2021

Recently, a Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) swept the globe. This kind of new virus has extremely high infection efficiency, which has brought great disaster to human's production and daily life. However, it is reported that lung cancer and other diseases with a high incidence will lead to a very high mortality rate if they are not diagnosed and treated in time. Therefore, it is urgent to design an accurate and convenient new diagnostic equipment. Due to the increasing innovation of sensor module in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), electronic nose emerges as the times require. The device can use sensors to analyze Volatile Organic Compounds exhaled by people with certain diseases and identify chemical components of various odor and flavor. In addition, many other types of sensors and classification methods such as machine learning (ML) algorithms are also mentioned in this paper. At the end of the paper, the author attached a related experiment and some shortcomings and prospects of electronic nose as well.
Atmospheric emissions from electric energy generation and their impact on environment, and the potential of renewable energy sources in Italy
Authors: Wang Tong , Yuan Longmiao , Wu Yingqin
Published: June 2021

The European Union has set targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in total energy consumption, ensure the development and use of clean energy sources, and strive to reduce carbon emissions by 90% from 1990 levels by 2050. This study attempts to assess the environmental impact of electricity production on electricity demand and associated emissions in Italy through a three-step process. First, a literature review was conducted to estimate the growth of electricity demand in Italy by population and industry in 2014. Secondly, the CO2 and SO2 produced in the process of power generation by different power production methods were evaluated and compared. Finally, according to the current production and power models, the development trend of renewable energy in Italy in 2050 was estimated, and the satisfactory conclusion is that the renewable energy can fully meet the supply and demand in 2050 in Italy.
Analysis on energy saving and environmental protection in building design
Authors: Zhaozhiyuan
Published: June 2021

The goal of the concept of environmental protection and energy conservation is to promote the development of resource economy. In the process of my country's economic development, the ecological environment has been destroyed and the resource situation is not optimistic. Implementing the concept of environmental protection and energy conservation in the design of building water supply and drainage can increase resource utilization, weaken the damage to the environment by project construction, reduce project costs, and alleviate the current situation of resource shortage in my country. Combining this situation, this article focuses on analyzing the importance of the application of energy-saving and water-saving technologies in the construction of building water supply and drainage and the specific application of energy-saving and water-saving technologies.
Analysis of vortex ring formation in the heart chamber by instantaneous vortex deviation based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Yang Ke , Wu Shiqian , Wong Kelvin K.L.
Published: June 2021

The formation of vortex rings during the left ventricle (LV) filling is an optimized mechanism for blood transport, and the vorticity is an important measure of a healthy heart and LV. There is a relationship between abnormal diastolic vortex structure and impaired LV, and hence vortex identification is vital for understanding the underlying physical mechanism of blood flow. However, due to lack of quantitative methods, defining, computing and mapping the left ventricular vortices has not been rigorously studied previously. In this paper, a novel method of vortex detection based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) is created, which enables determination of the boundary of vortex and integrates the local and global flow fields. We have used the CNN-based vortex identification and vector flow mapping (VFM) to quantify left ventricular vorticity. In the clinical application of our methodology to healthy subjects and uremic patients, we find differences in the strength and position of the vortices between healthy and patients with uremia cardiomyopathy. Our results can accurately indicate the role of vortex formation in intracardiac flow, and provide new insights into the blood flow within the heart structure.
Evaluating the value of synchrotron radiation phase-contrast CT imaging in the study of knee joint microstructure
Authors: Tang Meibai , Zhi Richeng , Sun Changyi , Wang Xiaohua , Liu Chenglin
Published: June 2021

The knee joint is one of the tissues that often appear diseased, and the pathogenesis owing to its structure. Therefore, the micro-structure of the knee joint was studied by synchrotron radiation phasecontrast CT imaging (SRPCI-CT). The contrast and the sharpness of the reconstructed slice were calculated and analysed. From these results, the layer structure of the joint tissue can be seen. The cartilage layer (including the meniscus) is about 1.44 mm, and the epiphyseal layer is about 2.25 mm, which conforms to the actual situation of rat knees. From the 3D images, the structure of the meniscus and the epiphyseal bone can be observed. The epiphyseal bone line is also particularly obvious. Simultaneously, the epiphyseal bone also has a mesh structure, which has the characteristics of both cartilage and tibia. Further research on the tibia can determine that the trabecular bone line is about 130 microns. Finally, the bone volume fraction (BVF) of the joint, the data also reflect the existence of a layer structure, and its scale distribution is consistent with the results of sharpness and contrast analysis. The SRPCI-CT can play an important role in the study micro-structure of joints.
Function, Development and Challenges of COVID-19 Diagnostic Methods in Two Areas: RT-PCR Tests and Serology Tests
Authors: Diao Ke , Yu Tiancheng
Published: June 2021

The ongoing outbreaks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a worldwide pandemic of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in 2019. Nucleic Acid Tests as the current most prevalent method are able to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 from infected patients by comparing target viral genome sequences in high sensitivity and accuracy. Three widely applied nucleic acid methods for clinical and research purpose including RT-PCR tests, LAMP and CRISPR-Cas based detection are introduced firstly, followed by the discussion of Antibody Tests, which are ICG and CL immunoassay tests.These two fields of COVID-19 diagnostic methods exhibit some advantages and drawbacks depending on various clinical settings. Antibody test is supplementary and complementary of other diagnostic methods while Nucleic acid tests are overall effectively and rapidly to diagnose infected patients for immediate treatment and isolation. The combination of these two methods may eventually control the dissemination of COVID-19 pandemic.
Knowledge mapping omni channel system for the diagnosis and the treatment of traditional Chinese medicines based on an identification analysis
Authors: Yang Rui , Zhang Jing , Hu Ruhan , Qu Shijie
Published: June 2021

In this study, centring on the bases of TCM diagnosis and treatment (e.g., Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan, Huizhou, Dongguan and Zhongshan), the digital control level of the whole life cycle of TCM diagnosis and treatment was significantly elevated. In addition, the online monitoring of diagnosis and treatment status and the tracing of the whole diagnosis and treatment process were optimized, as an attempt to achieve the safety and control of diagnosis and treatment, as well as to rapidly and efficiently research and develop TCM products. The research and development cycle of TCM products was shortened by employing the technology of identification analysis and the non-structured database of Neo 4. Moreover, the platform for R & D and health management of Chinese medicine was established and improved, feedback of the diagnosis and treatment effect data was given timely, and the R & D optimization of new Chinese medicine products was supported.
Innovation Ecosystem as a Multi-Component Concept: Theoretical Review
Authors: Akberdina Victoria , Vasilenko Elizaveta
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of “innovation ecosystem”, which is interpreted by the authors as a multi-component. A brief history of the origin of this concept is traced, and various approaches to its understanding are analyzed. Based on a wide range of sources, the author reveals the fundamental aspects of the concept of the innovation ecosystem, reveals their differences from other concepts. Demonstrating the diversity of innovative ecosystems in the economy, the authors determine the factors of their effective development.
A Teacher as a Strategic Human Resource of an Educational Organization
Authors: Belinova Natalya , Bicheva Irina , Khanova Tatyana , Zaitseva Svetlana , Akpayeva Assel
Published: June 2021

The article deals with human resource management. The specifics of a teacher as a human resource lies in the level of professional competencies. The study aims to substantiate the professional development management system of human resources in a kindergarten. The authors note the stages of professional development such as formation, use, and improvement of professional experience and outline the tasks of each stage. An important thesis is that each stage is aimed at optimizing the professional activities and is based on the statement “the teacher is the key asset of the organization”. The authors consider the development of a human resource management system in a kindergarten as a condition of essential characteristics of a systematic, progressive and qualitative change in the personality of teachers at various stages of professional way. Key factors for designing a human resource management system have been determined. The information component of professional development in the context of digitalization in the economy and education has been highlighted. Special attention is paid to remote and project forms of control. The scientific leadership in solving individual problems of professional development of teachers has been studied.
The use of the Internet for the development of value orientations of Russian students in heuristic cognitive activity: problems and solutions
Authors: Makotrova Galina V. , Musinа Valentina E. , Moiseenko Olga A.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the article is to consider of the possibilities of using the Internet in the development of value orientations of Russian students in the course of heuristic cognitive activity. When polling a representative sample of students with a creative level of development of the research potential, we found that in heuristic cognitive activity when using the Internet, students are primarily attracted by unusual facts (45%), the ability to speculate about the meaning of certain concepts, statements and effects (34 %). A survey of a general sample of high school students (N = 2095) during a formative experiment with the participation of students in grades 8-11 revealed a wide range of problems of realization of value orientations and meanings of students in cognitive activity of students. These are the opportunities to study various theories on the Internet, problems in the implementation of value orientations and the meanings of the cognitive activity of students: from the possibility of studying various theories on the Internet and using them to explain incomprehensible phenomena, processes. Only 18% of students are always satisfied with the possibilities of the Internet in the heuristic cognitive activity of students, 43% of respondents are often satisfied, sometimes 34% of high school students; 5% of respondents are completely dissatisfied.
Corporate fraud as a threat to the company’s economic security
Authors: Krokhicheva Galina , Mezentseva Iulia , Yu Tian
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the organizational and methodological foundations of ensuring economic security through the mechanism of preventing corporate fraud. The influence of “white-collar” crime at the micro level on the overall economic state of the state is considered. The theoretical aspects of corporate fraud are investigated and generalized. The analysis of existing methods and techniques to assess the risk of their occurrence in a particular enterprise is carried out. The emphasis is placed on the assessment of the external operating environment, considered as a source of potential threats to the company’s security, as well as on the study of the risk of corporate fraud in relation to a particular business entity. The authors propose mechanisms to protect the economic interests of the organization from various threats from the staff, which are essential for maintaining the level of its economic security. The findings on the relationship between corporate fraud and micro-level economic security are not conclusive. This indicates the need for further scientific work on the problem, which will logically continue the problems raised in the article.
Experience of Implementing the Model of Innovation and Consulting Services for Agribusiness Entities in Russia
Authors: Panina Elena , Frolova Olga , Shamin Anatoliy , Rocha Alvaro
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the assessment of existing level of development of information and consulting system in agricultural and industrial complex. The relevance of covering methodological issues is due to the current level of development of information and consulting services in regions, the rapid and large-scale expansion of the Internet space, the established world experience in introducing innovations, and the need to implement state policy in the field of agriculture. The paper considers the works of Russian scientists and economists on improving the system of agricultural consulting. The positive world experience of spreading an effective system of innovative and consulting services of rural areas is studied. For discussion, the authors propose a methodology for choosing a model of an innovative service center in rural areas. The effectiveness of application of comprehensive information system with the involvement of educational organizations is justified. The experience of functioning of Center for Support of Rural Development on the basis of regional university is presented. The authors formulate proposals for improving the innovation and consulting infrastructure in the agricultural and industrial complex in order to increase the efficiency of providing information and consulting services, increase the level of knowledge of rural population, the personnel of agricultural producers, disseminate information about the achievements of scientific and technical community, innovative developments and methods of management, effective interaction of agricultural entities, authorities, scientific and educational organizations.
Developing Web Content Management Systems – from the Past to the Future
Authors: Yermolenko Andrei , Golchevskiy Yuriy
Published: June 2021

The article presents an overview of the main stages of development and formation of content management systems as a component of software, in conjunction with the material base. The need of a society in creation and development of systems is revealed. The main elements of the mentioned systems, their functionality, and user groups are described. The features of modern content management systems are presented. The change in approaches to the development of such systems from monolithic to distributed systems is outlined. Further formation of Web-content management systems is seen in the development of systems with open source code, using Web 3.0, refining tools analysis of the quality of content, support for business B2B and B2C, interface development, active use of headless CMS, support of a new level of SEO, implementation of artificial intelligence algorithms. Keywords: content management systems
Numerical simulation of electrically conducting and thermally radiative nanofluid flow in view of elongated slippery plates
Authors: Rasheed Haroon Ur , Islam Saeed , Khan Zeeshan , Alharbi Sayer O. , Khan Waris , Alotaibi Hammad , Khan Ilyas
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to scrutinize thermally charged heated bi-phase nanofluid flow in elongated parallel slippery walls governed by an external pressure gradient. The couple stress flow of nanofluid is subject to suspension with nano-sized metallic particles. The interaction effects of a transverse magnetic field have been taken into account. The lubrication effects at the walls are considered to avoid the roughness of the walls. Governing nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations via similarity transformations, and then the bvph2 algorithm is employed for its solution. The impacts of non-dimensional governing parameters, such as magnetic field, particle density, stress, and slip, on the velocity profile and thermal field curves are exposed graphically. Numerical results were compared with another homotopic approach, and excellent agreement was perceived.
Research on the keeper electrode’s sputtering mechanism of the ion thruster
Authors: Chen Juanjuan , Geng Hai , Jia Yanhui , Zhang Tianping , Cao Yong , Lu Chang
Published: June 2021

Bombardment of the keeper electrode by high-energy ions limits the lifetime of the ion thruster. To investigate its sputtering mechanism, this paper established a two-dimensional simulation model and applied the Particle-In-Cell method to simulating the generation process of the high-energy ions and their sputtering process on the keeper electrode surface. The Monte Carlo Collision method was used to address the collisions between particles. The results showed that the plasma potential downstream of the keeper electrode oscillated; therefore, ions in this area were accelerated and their energy was increased from 0.085 to 35 eV, which was enough to erode the keeper electrode’s surface. double charged xenon (Xe++) ions and charge exchange xenon (CEX) ions were the two kinds of high-energy ions. The most severe position was the center of the keeper electrode surface, and its erosion rate was about 2.0 × 10−4 m/1000 h, while the average erosion rate was about 10−5 m/1000 h when the frequency and the amplitude of the plasma potential were 50 Hz and 35 eV, respectively. Plasma potential oscillation greatly affected the sputtering mechanism of the keeper electrode.
Design and optimization of exoskeleton structure of lower limb knee joint based on cross four-bar linkage
Authors: Gao Moyao , Wang Zhanli , Li Shuang , Li Jing , Pang Zaixiang , Liu Shuai , Duan Zhifeng
Published: June 2021

This research introduces the knee exoskeleton system that assists in knee joint rehabilitation, which is centered on human wearing comfort. According to the bionic principle, this paper proposes a bionic knee exoskeleton structure based on a cross four-bar linkage mechanism. The cross four-bar linkage mechanism is used to simulate the internal cruciate ligament of the human knee joint to realize the instantaneous rotation center movement of the knee joint. The motor drives the telescopic rod to simulate the movement of the exoskeleton of the knee joint by the thigh muscle of the human body. The auxiliary limit locking structure simulates the knee joint patella to prevent hyperextension of the exoskeleton of the knee joint. The particle swarm-based algorithm is used to optimize the size and position of the connecting rod of the cross four-bar linkage to follow the motion of the human knee joint better. The results show that the optimized and synthesized cross four-bar linkage mechanism has a small average error value, which can better reproduce the anthropomorphic motion characteristics of the human knee joint, achieve an ideal match between the motion form of the human knee joint and the exoskeleton, and improve coordination and adaptability with human joint movement. Through the wearer test, it is found that the structure has a variable instantaneous center of rotation trajectory. Under the condition of satisfying the flexion angle and torque of the human body, the knee joint movement could be simulated with the optimal trajectory to achieve the consistency with the human knee joint movement, so as to alleviate the discomfort of the wear movement of the patients in the auxiliary rehabilitation process, and it provides an advantage for the wear comfort of the human rehabilitation movement.
In-plane Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors with a 4-nm channel based on 1T/2H MoTe2 and WTe2
Authors: Yang Houping , Tian Yueyue , Li Junjun , Xie Yiqun , Ren Wei , Wang Yin
Published: June 2021

As state-of-the-art fabrication techniques are approaching the 3 nm size, the traditional silicon-based circuit faces huge challenges. Transistors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted much attention as potential alternative candidates. However, critical performances including the subthreshold swing (SS), on/off ratio, and magnitude of the on-state current for 2D transistors around 3 nm size are far less to be studied well. In this work, we propose in-plane Schottky-barrier field-effect transistors (SBFETs) with a 4-nm channel based on the lateral heterostructure of monolayer 1T/2H MoTe2 and WTe2. The electric transport properties are investigated by first-principles quantum transport simulations. At a 0.64 V bias, the WTe2 SBFET has an on-state current of 3861 μA/μm, with a 4.5 × 104 on/off ratio and an SS of 87 mV/dec, while the MoTe2 SBFET has an on-state current of 1480 μA/μm, with a large on/off rate of 3.6 × 105 and an SS of 78 mV/dec. Our results suggest that FETs based on the lateral heterostructure of 1T/2H MoTe2 (WTe2) are promising candidates for high-performance 2D transistors.