bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of fertilization practices in the yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.)
Authors: Evers Aino-Maija
Published: July 2018

The influence of different fertilization practices on the growth, yield and inner quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.) was studied. The field experiments were carried out in Southern Finland, on the experimental farm of Kemira Oy, in 1985 and 1986. Unirrigated and irrigated placement and broadcast fertilization, NPK fertirrigations without or with basic fertilization, and PK placement with N fertirrigations were compared. Placement and broadcast fertilizations were carried out by single application, whereas NPK or N fertirrigations were performed as split applications. The highest yields were obtained when the total phytomass production was high. The yield increased by the placement of NPK fertilizer as compared to broadcast fertilization, and by the placement of P and K as compared to treatments where P and K were broadcasted or fertirrigated. The PK placement with N fertirrigations increased the root dry matter content as compared to NPK fertirrigations. The lowest NO3-N contents of roots were obtained by unirrigated placement fertilization. NPK fertirrigations caused higher root NO3-N contents than any other fertilization practice, and irrigation as such increased the NO3-N contents. Root N and P contents were increased by placement of PK or NPK fertilizers, but fertilization practices had no effects on K, Mg and Ca contents. Single application increased ash and dietary fibre contents as compared to split applications. In conclusion, the placement of NPK or PK fertilizers had positive effects on the above mentioned quality criteria and yield, and thus in future research and in commercial vegetable production these fertilization practices should be utilized. Fertilization practices had no or only slight effects on the carotene and sugar contents, taste, texture and the quality of stored carrots. Carotene content increased as the growing season progressed, and was 41 % higher in the climatically more favourable year 1986 than in 1985. Total sugar contents were higher in the climatically less favourable year 1985 and in unfertilized treatments than in 1986 and in fertilized treatments. It was hypothesized that carrot sugar contents are related to growth and total phytomass production. The indicative results showed that the NPK fertirrigations without basic fertilization had a slight positive effect on carrot taste and texture as compared to placement fertilization but, on the other hand, the NPK fertirrigations without basic fertilization showed a tendency to impair the storage ability as compared to single application. In conclusion, carotene and sugar contents are strongly influenced by genotype and climate and thus it is logical that the effects of fertilization practices remained slight. The results of carrot taste do not allow any final conclusions to be drawn; further investigation on the subject is needed.
Reactions of winter wheat cultivars to Septoria nodorum Berk.
Authors: Peltonen Pirjo , Karjalainen Sinikka , Karjalainen Reijo
Published: July 2018

Twelve Finnish and foreign winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for resistance to Septoria nodorum at seedling and adult plant stage. Flag leaf severity varied between 6.5 and 20 % and ear severity between 2.5 and 10 %. In general, Cl 13091 and Skjaldar were the most resistant cultivars, while Hja 21614, Hja 21638, and Hankkijan Ilves were the most susceptible ones. Aura and Mironovskaja 808 were most resistant to ear infection, while Vakka and Hja 21638 were most susceptible. Assessment of susceptibility at the seedling stage was quite well correlated with ratings of adult plants in the field (r = 0.72). The correlation between lesion length and seedling plant Septoria severity was moderate (r = 0.68). Selection of wheat lines for Septoria resistance is discussed.
Legal protection of plant biotechnological inventions
Authors: Vanhala P. T. , Pehu T. , Gyllenberg H. G.
Published: July 2018

Within biotechnology, plant production is regarded as one of the most promising adaptations. New plant breeding methods are considered to better fulfil the requirements set on patentability than the traditional breeding methods. In Europe, a plant variety can be protected by special legislation. The present patent laws in Europe are not applied to plant biotechnological inventions. The United States has three systems under which new varieties of plants may be protected. These include The 1930 Plant Patent Act, The 1970 Plant Variety Protection Act and The 1952 Patent Statute. Companies that have specialized in plant breeding and organizations representing the industrial countries recommend improvements to the legal protection. On the other hand, farmers and the developing countries are against better protection.
Influence of selection phase, fasting and transport on porcine stress and on the development of PSE pork
Authors: Honkavaara Markku
Published: July 2018

The objectives were to investigate the effect of selection phase, fasting time and transportation on porcine stress and on the occurrence of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork. The first selected pigs had the lowest blood creatine kinase (CK) activity and were least susceptible to PSE development. Whereas, the second selected animals were most stressed during transport and showed the highest frequency of PSE. On the other hand, the last selected pigs had elevated CK values from the farm up to stunning, and also showed a slow pH fall in M. longissimus dorsi (LD) 45 min postmortem (p.m.). Furthermore, the pigs of the first and last selection had, respectively, the lowest and highest lean meat content. Muscle traits such as glycogen and lactate content 0 min p.m. and pH 45 min p.m. suggested that the most acceptable pork quality for meat products manufacture could be obtained after a fast of 6—7 h if the pigs were fed twice a day. Whereas, overnight holding had a negative effect on muscle glycogen and lactate content. During transport, pigs were under greatest stress if they were loaded just before feeding period, or if they were transported in warm weather (over 10°C). Moreover, high mortality and CK values occurred at the same external temperatures during transportation. In addition, increased transport time elevated the CK activity from the farm up to the abattoir.
Influence of lairage on blood composition of pig and on the development of PSE pork
Authors: Honkavaara Markku
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lairage temperature, humidity and time on blood composition and on the development of PSE meat (pH1≤5.8). The present study suggested that holding temperature and time had a major influence on porcine stress and meat quality, whereas, lairage humidity had a minor effect on these traits. The higher was lairage temperature the higher carcass temperature (P < 0.001) and log creatine kinase (CK) value (P
Conventional and organic cropping systems at Suitia IV: weeds
Authors: Kauppila Raimo
Published: July 2018

At Suitia, Southern Finland, weed populations in different crop rotations at conventional and organic cropping systems were investigated in 1982—1988. The number of weeds and the dry matter yields of weeds were greater in organic cropping (on average 324 weeds/m2 and 425 kg DM/ha) compared to conventional cropping (94 weeds/m2 and 61 kg DM/ha). There were least weeds in the conventionally cultivated ley. The first year, clover ley in organic cropping prevented the growth of weeds as well as the grass ley in conventional cropping. Overwintering damages in organically cultivated leys increased the amounts of weeds in the following ley years. Organically cultivated winter wheat reduced the amount and weight of weeds almost as well as conventionally cultivated winter wheat although its biomass was three-fourths of the conventionally cultivated winter wheat. The biomass of organically cultivated barley later on in the rotations was only one-fifth of the conventionally cultivated barley and had five times more weeds. In conventional cropping, the number of weeds in almost all weed species was decreased or stayed at the same level during the experiment. In organic cropping, the number of most weeds in weed species increased from the level for 1982. Most increased Stellaria media, Fallopio convolvulus, Lamium sp and Chenopodium album.
Sorption capacity of phosphate in mineral soils: II Dependence of sorption capacity on soil properties
Authors: Niskanen Raina
Published: July 2018

The dependence of the indicator of phosphate sorption capacity on extractable Al and Fe and other soil properties was studied in a material consisting of 102 mineral soil samples. The sum of P adsorbed on soil during two days from a solution containing P 5 mmol/l and P extracted by 0.02 M EDTA (pH 5.3) as an estimate of the initial P content in the soil was used as the indicator of P sorption capacity. In clay and silt soils (n = 51), the Al and Fe extracted by 0.05 M oxalate (pH 2.9) together with the organic C content explained 85 %, the Al and Fe extracted by 0.05 M K4P2O7 (pH 10) together with the clay content 87 %, the Al and Fe extracted by 0.02 M EDTA (pH 5.3) 91 %, and the Al extracted by 1 M CH3COONH4 (pH 4.8) together with the organic C and clay contents 78 % of the variation of the indicator of phosphate sorption capacity. In coarse soils (n = 51), the variation of the indicator was explained well only by oxalate-extractable metals, which together with soil pH and clay content explained 80 % of the variation. Extractable Al was generally the most important explainer of variation. The results suggest that forms of extractable Al and Fe explaining the variation of the indicator of P sorption capacity in clay and silt soils are partially different from those in coarse soils.
Seed yield and seed quality of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) in growing conditions of Finland
Authors: Varis E. , Peltola U. , Kauppila R.
Published: July 2018

Seed yield and overwintering of seeds of 22 Australian subterranean clover varieties were investigated in 1986 and 1987 at the Viikki Experimental Farm of the University of Helsinki. The seed yield varied remarkbly according to the variety and weather conditions of the two summers. Some varieties, such as Seaton Park, Woogenellup and Karridale, and during the summer of 1987 also the early variety Dalkeith, produced lots of seed. Some late varieties, e.g. Treeton, Tallarook and Esperance, produced very few seeds or no seeds at all. A considerable proportion of the seeds degenerated during the wet autumn conditions, by the end of October. Many seeds showed embryo dormancy, but complete dormancy or hard seeds were found only exeptionally. In spring 1988, some seedlings which had developed from overwintered burrs were found. There seems to be little hope of finding self-seeding subterranean clovers suitable for Finnish growing conditions.
The effect of climatic factors on production of spring wheat quantity to quality ratio in southern Finland
Authors: Peltonen Jari , Karvonen Tuomo , Kivi Erkki
Published: July 2018

Interrelationships between climatic factors and spring wheat yield and quality were examined with 21 years field experiments. The formation of gluten was less at dry conditions (total precipitation under 50 mm) and total precipitation exceeded 130—140 mm. The optimum daily temperature for gluten production was some 15—17°C during grain filling. The gluten content decreased if daily minimum and maximum temperatures exceeded 11—12°C and 21—22°C, respectively. The effect of temperature and rainfall were not, however, significant in early maturing varieties. The climatic factors and grain yield did not correlate. Grain yield and protein yield had strong positive relationship, which was perhaps a consequence of supply and utilization of nitrogen. It is concluded that climatic factors affecting yield to quality ration in wheat may be excessive rains before heading and high temperature during grain filling. Interaction between weather and nitrogen are discussed to optimize correct timing of nitrogen fertilization for amount and quality of economic wheat yield.
Conventional and organic cropping systems at Suitia I: Experimental design and summaries
Authors: Hannukkala Asko O. , Korva Jukka , Tapio Eeva
Published: July 2018

The effects of four conventional and four organic cropping systems on the crop yield and yield quality, on the microbial activity of soil, on weeds, plant diseases, insect pests and earthworms were compared in a field experiment on the Suitia Experimental Farm in Southern Finland in 1982—1988. In the conventional cropping systems, industrial fertilisers and chemical pesticides were used according to practices adopted on actual farms in Southern Finland. In the organic cropping systems, plant nutrition was based on biological N fixation by legumes and organic manures. No chemical pesticides were used. The average yield of barley in organic cropping varied between one quarter and half of that in conventional cropping. The yields of winter wheat, oats and potato were about 40 % of those obtained conventionally. The yields of clover-grass leys in organic farming were similar to those of grass-leys in the conventional system. Unfortunately, the clover-grass leys outwintered after the first year. The primary reason for the poor crop growth in the organic cropping systems was apparently the acute N deficiency caused by poor performance of legumes, low N content of organic manures and N losses in anaerobic conditions often occurring during winter and early spring. Pronounced soil compaction and anaerobic conditions in organic cropping systems had a harmful effect on the microbiological activity of soil as well as on earthworms. Weeds, plant diseases and insects were not a remarkable problem in any of the cropping systems.
Boars for breeding: A study of methods of evaluation used at testing stations
Authors: Ettala Elsi
Published: July 2018

The phenotype testing of highly selected boars was studied. Two groups, each of 30 boars, were tested centrally at stations for growth rate and ultrasonically measured fat thickness. According to test points, made up of a combination of these two traits, the 5 best boars, 5 average boars and the 5 poorest boars where selected for progeny evaluation. In all 26 boars and 441 progeny were tested. The progeny evaluation showed that ultrasonic measurement of the fat thickness of the boars gave a very reliable estimate of the meatiness of their progeny. Those boars, as a group, giving the poorest carcass quality could be distinguished with statistical reliability from the other groups. The correlations between sires and progeny were significant for both daily gain (period 20—88 kg) and feed efficiency. The importance of rate of growth and feed efficiency has been neglected in selection for breeding as the test points used for the selection of boars depended almost entirely on fat thickness. More than 30 % of both boars and progeny boars suffered from some form of difficulty in walking. 13 % of the boars were eliminated because of leg faults. Leg faults in progeny were mainly inherited or caused through injury. A phenotype evaluation of progeny boars accounts much more effectively for the variation in their carcass value than does a full barrow sib evaluation alone. For best results, a progeny boar phenotype evaluation should be combined with a full barrow sib evaluation.
L-Iysiinillä rikastettu kasvivalkuainen kalajauhon korvaajana lihasian rehuseoksessa
Authors: Salo Maija-Liisa , Laalahti Risto
Published: July 2018

Lihasikojen ruokinnassa verrattiin kalajauhoa ja seosta, jossa oli 60 % soijajauhoa, 15 % rypsijauhoa, 25 % Torulahiivaa ja lisänä 1 % L-lysiiniä. Perusrehuna oli ohra. Vitamiineja, kivennäis- ja hivenaineita annettiin normien mukaan. Energiamäärät/pv olivat kummallakin ryhmällä samat ja rehun raakavalkuais-, lysiini-, metioniini + kystiini-, treoniini- ja tryptofaanipitoisuudet jokseenkin samat. Ruokinnassa noudatettiin runsas-niukka järjestelmää. Siat olivat kahden eläimen karsinoissa ja kumpaankin ryhmään kuului 18 yorkshire x maatiainen sikaa, suurin osa leikkoja. Koeaikaa oli 20—88 elopainokilon välinen aika. Koeryhmän (I) kasvu- ja rehunkäyttötulos muodostui vähän heikommaksi kuin kalajauhoryhmän (II) ja ruhon laatu vuorostaan vähän paremmaksi. Mitkään erot eivät olleet tilastollisesti merkitseviä. Tärkeimmät numerotiedot ryhmien I ja II välillä olivat: Päiväkasvu 641/663 g, rehun hyötysuhde 2.71/2.63 ry/kg, selkäsilava 26.0/27.2 mm, kylkisilava 22.8/24.5 mm, pitkä selkälihas 29.9/28.9 cm2, ruhon lihaosuus 45.7/45.6 %, ruhon tärkeimpien osien a) liha-luuosuus 74.9/74.3 %, b) lihamäärän kasvu 91/91 g/pv. Taloudellisessa tuloksessa ryhmien välillä ei ollut mainittavaa eroa. Kasvirehuseos olisi edellyttänyt parin viikon siirtoruokinnan, sellaista ei ollut ja kasvueroa syntyi heti alussa. Tottumusvaiheen jälkeen ei kasviseoksen melko korkeasta rypsijauhopitoisuudesta ollut haittaa, mikäli ei pientä kasvueroa lasketa yksinomaan rypsin tilille.
Aufzucht, Spermaproduktion und Befruchtungserfolg bei Ayrshirebullen in der Besamungsstation Salpausselkä
Authors: Klautschek G. , Uusisalmi U.
Published: July 2018

Aufzucht, Fütterung und Haltung üben einen grossen Einfluss auf die Spermaproduktion und den Befruchtungserfolg der Zuchtbullen aus. Von 44 finnischen Ayrshirebullen der Besamungsstation Salpausselkä wurden die Aufzuchtergebnisse, die Spermaproduktion und die non-return Rate erfasst. Obwohl bei den mehrjährigen Untersuchunungen Zeiteinflüsse nicht ausgeschlossen werden können, wurden diese Unterlagen komplex ausgewertet. 57289 Erstbesamungen waren Grundlage für die Einschätzung des Befruchtungserfolges. Die erzeugte Spermamenge je Bulle und die Absamhäufigkeit hatten einen deutlichen Einfluss auf die Befruchtungsfähigkeit des Spermas. Die einzelnen Bullen unterscheiden sich sowohl bei den Spermaproduktionsleistungen als auch in der non-return Rate gesichert. Die gefundenen Beziehungen zwischen den Aufzuchtleistungen und der Spermaproduktion waren positiv, zwischen den Aufzuchtleistungen und den non-return Ergebnissen waren vorwiegend negativ. Damit wird die Forderung einer komplexen Einschätzung aller Merkmale für Zuchttiere unterstichen.
Climate change adaptation in arable land use, and impact on nitrogen load at catchment scale in northern agriculture
Authors: Rankinen Katri , Peltonen-Sainio Pirjo , Granlund Kirsti , Ojanen Hannu , Laapas Mikko , Hakala Kaija , Sippel Kalle , Helenius Juha , Forsius Martin
Published: July 2018

Prolongation of the growing season due to a warming climate could represent new opportunities for northern agriculture. Climatic and biotic constraints may challenge future crop production. The objective of this study was to speculate how a range of arable land use patterns, resulting from various policy driven choices, could be introduced into a farming system, and how they would affect the risks associated with nutrient leaching. We found that while adaptation to climate change must include consideration of crop choices, there are conflicts associated with allocations and rotations for various market and policy situations. The expected increase in nutrient loading in the simulations caused by climate change was moderate. The increase can partly be compensated for by changes in farmland use, more in the shorter term than in the longer term to mid-century. In the future, adaptation at cropping system level is potentially an efficient way to manage nutrient load risks.
Enhancement of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in cabbage (Brassica oleraceae) following application of commercial seaweed extracts of the brown seaweed, (Ascophyllum nodosum)
Authors: Lola-Luz Theodora , Hennequart Franck , Gaffney Michael
Published: July 2018

Brassica crops are rich is phytochemical compounds and frequent consumption of these vegetables has been associated with a lower risk in cancer, heart disease, hypertension and stroke. The effect of three commercial extracts of the brown seaweed, Ascophyllum nodosum, on phytochemical content and yield in cabbage plants was tested under field conditions in two consecutive crops. Total phenolic content was higher in all seaweed treated plants, with the highest increase recorded with AlgaeGreenTM (3.5 l ha-1) with a 2 fold increase relative to the control. The other commercial seaweed extract, XT achieved a lower increases of 1.3 fold (3.5 l ha-1). Similar increases were recorded in total flavonoid content. No statistically significant increases in yield were recorded with any of the seaweed extracts tested. The results suggest that seaweed extracts stimulated an increased accumulation of phytochemicals in cabbage but had no significant effect in yield under these experimental conditions.
The effects of light-emitting diode lighting on greenhouse plant growth and quality
Authors: Olle Margit , Viršile Akvile
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study is to present the light emitting diode (LED) technology for greenhouse plant lighting and to give an overview about LED light effects on photosynthetic indices, growth, yield and nutritional value in green vegetables and tomato, cucumber, sweet pepper transplants. The sole LED lighting, applied in closed growth chambers, as well as combinations of LED wavelengths with conventional light sources, fluorescent and high pressure sodium lamp light, and natural illumination in greenhouses are overviewed. Red and blue light are basal in the lighting spectra for green vegetables and tomato, cucumber, and pepper transplants; far red light, important for photomorphogenetic processes in plants also results in growth promotion. However, theoretically unprofitable spectral parts as green or yellow also have significant physiological effects on investigated plants. Presented results disclose the variability of light spectral effects on different plant species and different physiological indices.
Paintings by A.E. Tyulkin in the emerging Bashkir school of painters in the first half of the 20th century
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Kravchenko Ekaterina Valeryevna
Published: July 2018

The paper discusses the biography and career as a painter of the Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR, the People’s Artist of the Bashkir ASSR Alexander Erastovich Tyulkin, who is considered to be one of the founders of Bashkir school of painters. The research demonstrated the artist’s interest in studying the culture, traditions and way of life of the indigenous peoples of the Bashkir ASSR and their reflection in his works along with his favorite motives of the urban outskirts of Ufa. The author determined that the artist’s paintings reflected his mood. It was noted that he went on expeditions of Ufa Art Museum. The research highlighted the impact of A.E. Tyulkin as a teacher on education and the choice of the path of creative self-determination by a new generation of Bashkir artists and identified his personal contribution to the development of Bashkir school of painters in the first half of the 20th century.
Corporate culture in the context of China’s economic and cultural development (1978–2000)
Authors: Wang Yifei ,   Far Eastern Federal University
Published: July 2018

The study analyzes the creation of corporate culture in China. The emphasis is placed on the development of Chinese corporate culture since the introduction of the reform and opening-up policy. This process can be divided into two stages: the focus on the political construction prior to the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy and the development of Chinese corporate culture since its launching. The second stage is reviewed in the context of three periods: 1) since the late 1970s to the early 1990s when international corporate culture has been developed and introduced; 2) from the 1990s to the early 21st century when the Chinese and international corporate cultures have been integrated; 3) since the early 21st century till present characterized by the gradual establishment of a corporate culture possessing the Chinese characteristics. The author concludes that Chinese corporate culture is a multicultural phenomenon that requires in-depth study.
Dialogics of the historical forms. Social philosophy in the post-postmodernist context
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Liberman Samson Aleksandrovich
Published: July 2018

The study attempts to revise the foundations of social philosophy. The necessity to start from the beginning or return to the origins of social philosophy is due to not only the nature of the philosophical thought itself but also the local historical state of the social and philosophical tradition. After J. Baudrillard proclaimed the death of the social, the social dimension, the social reality as a part of our life, as our everyday life had not disappeared, however, the crisis of subject matter became obvious in social sciences and social philosophy. Nowadays, the social element differs greatly from the subject matter of the classical sociology and social philosophy that makes us discuss whether the modern social relations can be regarded as the social ones. However, it is obvious that the methodological tools of the postmodern traditions become obsolete for a number of reasons. That is why the research on the possibility of overcoming the paradigms of both modernism and postmodernism is relevant.
Antinomies of social and cultural marginality of the Russian intellectuals
Authors: Nesterova Oksana Yuryevna ,   Surgut State University
Published: July 2018

The research substantiates the idea of the unique position of the Russian intellectuals in a society that connects social and cultural marginality, isolation from “roots and soil”, on the one hand, and awareness of a special mission and public duty, on the other hand. Ascending and descending marginality is described; different approaches to understanding the concept of intellectuals are compared; the relationship of intellectuals with people and authorities is considered. The study focuses on the problem of cultural loneliness of Russian civilization as a whole as one source of the social and cultural marginality of the Russian intellectuals. The emphasis is laid on the paradox situation of Russian intellectuals in the context of the synthesis of social marginality and social vocation. Understanding the role of intellectuals in the history of Russia is of particular relevance to the modern Russian society.
White Russian émigré monarchists in the 1920s
Authors: Seregin Aleksandr Vladimirovich ,   Russian State University  for the Humanities
Published: July 2018

The research analyzes the struggle between the émigré leaders of the Russian Army and different representatives of Russian monarchist movement for ideological leadership and subordinate unit relations. The study reveals the reasons for the contradictions between the Commander-In-Chief, Chairman of the Russian All-Military Union, General P.N. Wrangel and the leaders of Supreme Monarchist Council, Paris monarchists groups, monarchist (legitimist) movement. The focus is on the activities of such White monarchists as P.B. Struve, V.V. Shulgin, and I.A. Ilyin in the 1920s. The author analyzes the views of the representatives of this movement, identifies common ground between them and the command of the army, reviews their new approaches to dealing with the leaders of the Russian émigré monarchists (N.E. Markov, A.F. Trepov, A.N. Krupensky), Grand Dukes Nikolai Nikolaevich and Kirill Vladimirovich. In conclusion, the research provides the reasons for failure in relationships between White monarchists, political parties of Russian emigration, and the command of the army.
AVALIAÇÃO DE PERFIL EMPREENDEDOR EM MEIO ACADÊMICO
Authors: Muraro Renata , Lazzari Fernanda , Eberle Luciene , Milan Gabriel Sperandio , Verruck Fábio
Published: July 2018

Este estudo teve o intuito de identificar quais características empreendedoras podem ser encontradas nos alunos formandos do curso de Comércio Internacional de uma universidade localizada na serra gaúcha. A identificação de tais atributos poderá auxiliar a entidade acadêmica, uma vez que explora o assunto do empreendedorismo nos meios do Comércio Internacional e da Universidade, sugerindo uma possível reflexão acerca do currículo oferecido pelo curso, com a intenção de aprimorar o ensino do empreendedorismo. A metodologia adotada consistiu na pesquisa quantitativa, de caráter exploratório, e o instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi um questionário estruturado, validado por cinco especialistas nas áreas de comércio internacional, empreendedorismo e psicologia. Cabe ressaltar que os dados foram analisados e interpretados por meio da estatística descritiva. Os principais resultados obtidos a partir da realização do trabalho foram a identificação de elevada presença de características empreendedoras nos formandos, refletindo nos altos níveis de perfil empreendedor apresentados pelos alunos e, mais além, a relação destes resultados com a disciplina de Empreendedorismo em Comércio Internacional, possibilitando verificar que ela contribui para a formação ou desenvolvimento das características empreendedoras nos acadêmicos.Palavras-chave: Empreendedorismo. Perfil empreendedor. Características empreendedoras.ABSTRACTThis study aimed to identify which entrepreneurial characteristics can be found in located in the Serra Gaúcha. International Trade graduate students. The identification of such attributes may assist the academic entity, once it explores the subject of entrepreneurship within the International Trade and University area, proposing a possible reflection upon the curriculum offered by the course, with the intention of optimizing the education of entrepreneurship. The methodology consisted of a qualitative research, with exploratory approach, and the data collection instrument used was a structured questionnaire, validated by five experts in international trade, entrepreneurship and psychology areas. It is worth noting that the data was analyzed and interpreted through descriptive statistics. he main results obtained from this study were the identification of great presence of entrepreneurial characteristics in the graduates, reflecting in the high levels of entrepreneurial profile presented by the students and, furthermore, the relation of such results to the discipline of Entrepreneurship in the International Trade, allowing to verify that attributes with the levels of entrepreneurial profile of the students and, furthermore, to relation of these results with the class of Entrepreneurship in International Trade, allowing to verify that such class contributes to the formation or development of entrepreneurial characteristics in the academics.Keywords: Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial profile. Entrepreneurial characteristics.
DEPOIS DO ESTADO-NAÇÃO: MIGRAÇÕES, SOBERANIA E DIREITOS NA AURORA DA CRISE SISTÊMICA
Authors: Rosa Fatima Sabrina da , Bertuzzi Damaris
Published: July 2018

Este texto pretende discutir a relação entre migrações e a perda da soberania do estado-nação no contexto da última crise sistêmica que vem se desenvolvendo. Para tanto, utiliza como base e pano de fundo as noções de modern world-sistem de Wallerstein e de longue durée de Braudel, bem como localiza a discussão sobre o Estado na perspectiva de crise sistêmica, de Arrighi, e de pós-nacionalismo, de Appadurai. Nesse sentido, o texto é dividido em quatro partes: apresentação do problema; contexto da crise migratória e da emergência do estado-nação; crise do estado-nação moderno e, por fim, algumas considerações acerca dos efeitos dos fluxos migratórios e de capitais sobre as noções de soberania e territorialidade do Estado.Palavras-chave: Estado-nação. Migrações. Soberania. Crise sistêmica.ABSTRACTThis text intends to discuss the relationship between migrations and the nation-state sovereignty loss in the context of last systemic crisis that has been developing. For that, it uses the notions of Wallerstein about the modern world-system and Braudel’s about the longue durée as background, as well as locating the discussion about the State in the Arrighi’s perspective about the systemic crisis and Appadurai’s about the post-nationalism. In this sense, the text is divided into four parts: the presentation of the problem; the migratory crisis context and the nation-state emergence; the crisis about the modern nation-state, and finally, some considerations about the effects of migratory flows and capital on the notions of state sovereignty and territoriality.Keywords: Nation-state. Migrations. Sovereignty. Systemic crisis.
How Accurate Are Static Polarizability Predictions from Density Functional Theory? An Assessment over 132 Species at Equilibrium Geometry
Authors: Hait Diptarka , Head-Gordon Martin
Published: July 2018

Static polarizabilities are the first response of the electron density to electric fields, and are therefore important for predicting intermolecular and molecule-field interactions. They also offer a global measure of the accuracy of the treatment of excited states by density functionals in a formally exact manner. We have developed a database of benchmark static polarizabilities for 132 small species at equilibrium geometry, using coupled cluster theory through triple excitations (extrapolated to the complete basis set limit), for the purpose of developing and assessing density functionals. The performance of 60 popular and recent functionals are also assessed, which indicates that double hybrid functionals perform the best, having RMS errors in the range of 2.5-3.8% . Many hybrid functionals also give quite reasonable estimates with 4-5% RMSE. A few meta-GGAs like mBEEF and MVS yield performance comparable to hybrids, indicating potential for improved excited state predictions relative to typical local functionals. Some recent functionals however are found to be prone to catastrophic failure (possibly as a consequence of overparameterization), indicating a need for caution in applying these.
Internet as Media Literature "Knowlwdge of Islamic History": Case Study Students In Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: SATRIA Budi , ALI Syamsuri
Published: July 2018

The Internet has a huge impact on human life, especially students. Open access to information, will improve the process of disseminating knowledge. This study aims to analyze the level of effectiveness of the use of internet media in increasing the knowledge of students in Jakarta on the history of Islam. The study involved 150 respondents categorized by their administrative region; South Jakarta, East Jakarta, West Jakarta, North Jakarta and Central Jakarta. The results of the study were processed descriptively. Variable in the research are; the attitude of internet users, subjective norms, interest in learning and learning behavior. The results showed that the use of the Internet as a media of literacy is currently not optimal. One of the reasons is, the limitations of internet links that discuss the history of Islamic knowledge in the form of scientific studies, mostly just a blog that is less the sense of scientific, so that students prefer to find sources of literacy from the library (printed book)
Quality of employment in small firms
Authors: UȚĂ Cristian
Published: July 2018

The strategic objective of the European Union set out in Lisbon is to become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy capable of delivering sustainable economic growth, increasing employment and developing greater social cohesion. At the heart of this strategy are businesses, and given that the vast majority of them are SMEs (less than 250 employees), policies to achieve this are focused on them. At the same time, improving the quality of work and working conditions is still an important objective on the European political agenda due to multiple socio-economic implications. In this context, the work "Quality of Employment in Small Companies" by Daniela Paşnicu and Gabriela Tănase is very current. Appeared in 2017 at the University Publishing House, the paper is structured in five chapters.
SIAPA PEMBUNUHNJA: ROMAN DETEKTIF KARYA JOESOEF SOU’YB
Authors: Atisah Atisah
Published: July 2018

This writing was intended to analyze Siapa Pembunuhnya by Joesoef Sou’yb. The analysis was focused on the murder characters that also became the problem of the story. The approach used was detective story theory in Apsanti’s books, while the method used was analysis-descriptive method. In 1930s, Joesoef Sou’yb was very famous as a detective stories author. The story Siapa Pemboenoehnja was one of his works in which in it were murder problems filled with riddles. Complicatedand full of surpriseplot accompanied by supporting background description made readers curious wanting to know the end of the story. It showed the skill of the author in creating a story
HIBRIDITAS TOKOH DALAM NOVEL REMAJA KERONCONG CINTA KARYA AHMAD FAISHAL
Authors: Jatmiko Dheny
Published: July 2018

The novel Keroncong Cinta by Ahmad Faishal was an adolescent novel about social, politics and culture life of a family due to the interracial Europe-Java marriage at the end of colonial era. This research used postcolonial approach to reveal the forms of characters hybridity and interpret it in relation to the colonial era in Dutch East Indies context. This research discovered that the hybridity in Dutch East Indies caused by marriage, concubinage, education and the spirit to gain equality experienced by the Indo. The forms of characters hybridity showed through the identity ambivalence and ambiguity as the results of contradiction between indigenous and Europe cultures. These forms among others are identity ambiguity and awareness of the Indo as the third class, the blurring of colonialism contradictive lines and a lady’s Europe orientation. This research also proofed that adolescent literatures, as a part of popular literatures, are not only literatures filled with entertainment and simplicity.AbstrakNovel Keroncong Cinta karya Ahmad Faishal merupakan novel remaja yang menceritakan kehidupan sosial, politik, dan budaya sebuah keluarga karena perkawinan antarras Eropa-Jawa di akhir masa kolonial. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan pendekatan poskolonial untuk mengungkap bentuk-bentuk hibriditas tokoh dan diinterpretasi dalam kaitannya dengan konteks masa kolonial di Hindia Belanda. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hibriditas di Hindia Belanda disebabkan oleh perkawinan, pergundikan, pendidikan, dan semangat memperoleh persamaan derajat yang dialami kalangan Indo. Bentuk-bentuk hibriditas tokoh ditunjukkan dengan adanya ambivalensi dan ambiguitas identitas sebagai akibat dari kontradiksi antara kultur Eropa dan pribumi. Bentukbentuk hibriditas tokoh antara lain ambiguitas identitas dan kesadaran orang Indo sebagai kelas ketiga;pengaburan garis-garis kontradiktif koloniaslisme; dan orientasi ke-Eropa-an seorang Nyai. Penelitian ini sekaligusmembuktikan bahwa sastra remaja, sebagai bagian sastra populer, bukan hanya sastra yang berisi hiburan dan kesederhanaan.
Kemampuan Pemain Teater Cepung Lombok sebagai Kekayaan Dramaturgi Tradisional
Authors: Alfarisi Salman
Published: July 2018

Artikel ini mendiskusikan tentang fenomena Teater Cepung Lombok di tengah masyarakat Sasak. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, artikel ini berpijak pada keinginan untuk mengetahui tentang Teater Cepung Lombok, khususnya mengenai pemain yang secara tradisional memiliki kemampuan untuk menafsirkan teks Tutur Monyeh sebagai sumber penciptaan Teater Cepung.Meneropong dengan teori teks, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa Teater Cepung merupakan produk kesenian asli Lombok yang menonjolkan kekuatan pemain sebagai keutamaan dalam pementasan. Meskipun dikategorikan tradisional, namun pemain teater Cepung pada hakikatnya memberikan ruang baru untuk memahami kekayaan bentuk dramaturgi Indonesia.
Rubayat Hamzah Fansuri: Kajian Strukturalisme-Semiotika
Authors: Osno Medri
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan bentuk struktur Rubayat Hamzah Fansuri dan menemukan makna melalui pembacaan semiotika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pemaparan naratif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dan teknik catat. Metode analisis merujuk pada model analisis strukturalisme. Untuk menganalisis makna, metode analisis yang digunakan merujuk pada model analisis semiotika. Metode penyajian hasil analisis data dilakukan dengan metode formal dan informal. Temuan penelitian ini adalah bentuk struktur bahasa melalui sistem pemakian diksi memiliki proses sosial yang beragam. Keberagaman ini menentukan dan ditentukan oleh diksi yang terstruktur menurut kebutuhan. Pemaknaan karya secara semiotika melalui pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik. Secara keseluruhan Rubayat penuh dengan ironi dan hiperbola yaitu melebih-lebihkan sesuatu keadaan atau hal. Semua itu merupakan ”defamiliarisasi” atau ”deotomatisasi” untuk menimbulkan daya pesona sajak atau untuk membuat aneh (making strange) sehingga menarik perhatian.
EKSPRESI VERBAL MENOLAK DAN MEMOHON ANAK LAKI-LAKI USIA 4,9 SAMPAI 5,1 TAHUN: STUDI KASUS PADA MUHAMMAD ZAINI
Authors: Rafiek Muhammad
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan tentang ekspresi verbal menolak dan memohon (memelas) pada Muhammad Zaini (anak laki-laki usia 4 tahun 9 bulan sampai dengan 5 tahun 1 bulan). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan ancangan pemerolehan bahasa anak. Data dianalisis dengan menerapkan teknik longitudinal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya ekspresi verbal menolak pada Muhammad Zaini yang berlatar suku Banjar berupa ucapan “indah” (tidak atau tidak mau), jangan, eh…ehm, “kada” (tidak), “lain” (bukan), dan kata ekspresi sakit. Selain itu, ditemukan pula ekspresi verbal memohon (memelas) pada Muhammad Zaini berupa ucapan“jangan sarik” (jangan marah), “ulun indah disariki” (saya tidak mau dimarahi), jangan, dan ucapan minta tolong sesuatu.
KEHIDUPAN “IDEAL” DI RUANG SIBER DALAM NOVEL KERUMUNAN TERAKHIR
Authors: Ningtyas Chinintya Suma
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini mengkaji isu kehidupan ideal yang dialami oleh tokoh-tokoh di dalam novel Kerumunan Terakhir yang mengambil dua latar, yakni dunia digital dan dunia nyata. Isu ini didasarkan pada fenomena yang terjadi dalam novel, yaitu tokoh yang gemar menggunakan teknologi internet. Penggambaran karakter masyarakat yang sesungguhnya pemalu, tetapi “berani” di dunia digital dalam novel ini memunculkan pertanyaan, apa yang menyebabkan tindakan tokoh-tokoh di dalam novel begitu berbeda di kedua dunia dan bagaimana kehidupan yang ideal tersebut dikonstruksi oleh karakter-karakter di dalam novel. Pertama, menentukan proses simulasi, kemudian menentukan simulakra. Media menghadirkan ruang semu atau ruang peniruan yang mengakibatkan gambaran realitas menjadi ‘tidak nyata’. Penelitian menghasilkan teknologi menjadi tempat alternatif dalam menggeser dan mengubah tatanan kehidupan tokoh-tokoh di dalam novel Kerumunan Terakhir menjadi tempat simulasi sebagai citra pelarian diri; yakni kehidupan yang ideal dan tampilan kekuasaan serta pengklaiman kebenaran. Novel ini menunjukkan kritik terhadap fenomena dunia digital yang digambarkan seperti ‘musuh dalam selimut’. Artinya, dunia digital memberikan kenyamanan dan kebebasan, tapi kebebasan tersebut dipatahkan oleh aturan-aturan yang mengontrol kehidupan dunia digital itu sendiri.
AKTUALISASI DIRI TOKOH UTAMA NOVEL BALADA SI ROY KARYA GOL A GONG
Authors: Sinaga Nugraha , Zuriyati Zuriyati , Attas Siti Gomo
Published: July 2018

Setiap manusia pada dasarnya memiliki kebutuhan dan keinginan untuk berkembang yang pencapaian tertingginya adalah aktualisasi diri. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ciri-ciri aktualisasi diri yang tampak pada tokoh utama novel Balada Si Roy karya Gol A Gong. Sumber data berupa kutipan teks novel Balada Si Roy. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi. Teori yang digunakan adalah psikologi sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh utama merupakan pribadi yang teraktualisasi. Hal ini diperkuat oleh temuan data dalam novel berupa empat belas ciri aktualisasi diri yang dikemukakan Abraham Maslow. Penyebab terbentuknya pribadi yang teraktualisasi tersebut, tidak terlepas dari kebulatan tekad tokoh utama untuk memenuhi hasrat terpendamnya, yakni menulis dan traveling. Kedua hal tersebut dijalani tokoh utama dengan keyakinan walaupun harus meninggalkan dua wanita yang dikasihinya di Indonesia: Ibu dan Suci.
An Assemblage of Decoloniality? Palestinian Fellahin Resistance and the Space-Place Relation
Authors: Ayyash Mark Muhannad
Published: July 2018

This paper examines how fellahin resistance beginning in the early parts of the 20thcentury interacted with the Zionist settler-colonial project, focusing on how this resistance operated on a complex understanding of the relation between the fixity of place and flux of space. Thinking this resistance alongside theories of colonial occupation as well as Deleuze and Guattari’s theory of assemblage and the smooth-striated mixture of space, I argue that following the complex interplay between space (flux) and place (fixity), as opposed to resolving it, may yield a promising pathway in Palestinian, and perhaps global, decolonial resistances today. This can be observed in the contemporary resistance of Palestinian fellahin in the village of Bil‘in, whose repertoires of action constitute an assemblage, both spatially and temporally. I argue that one of the important lessons found in the discourse and actions of Bil‘in activists is that land is autonomous of human desires and plans, of ethno-national ideological projects. Opening politics to the insight that the flux of space cannot be tamed within a bounded nation-state produces a decolonial resistance that sees the displacement of people from the land as the displacement of life itself.
Gezi Assemblages: Embodied Encounters in the Making of an Alternative Space
Authors: Karakaş Öznur
Published: July 2018

The article aspires to make a claim for the potential of the Deleuze-Guattarian concept of assemblage (agencement) to account for the Occupy Movements in general and 2013 Turkey Gezi Movement in particular. Throughout the article, it is claimed that the concept of agencement provides us with useful tools to elucidate the constitution of a new dissident community in Gezi Park and the subsequent park assemblies. Special emphasis will be put on the capacity of the concept to account for the embodied and embedded nature of the Gezi Movement, an argument further supported by data coming from participatory observations throughout different phases of the mobilization, 23 in depth interviews with activists from different political backgrounds and minutes of the park assemblies. Although the concept of assemblage has started to be used in the analysis of social movements (Bennett, 2005; Chesters & Welsh, 2006; Lockie 2004; McFarlane, 2009; Rodriguez-Giralt, 2011, 2015; Rodriguez-Giralt & Marrero-Guillamón,2018), not much emphasis is given to the concepts of embodiment and body in assemblages. This article aspires to contribute to the literature by first underlining the importance of embodiment in the Gezi movement and second elucidating it with respect to the concept of body in the original use of the term of assemblage by Deleuze and Guattari (1980).
The Northern Edge of Everything (Creative Intervention)
Authors: Trowbridge Terry , Wallace Jade
Published: July 2018

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Assemblage Thinking and Transnational/ Translocal Social Movements of the 2010s (Video Presentation)
Authors: Conway Janet M. , Alvarez Sonia E.
Published: July 2018

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Visión del derecho en el Quijote, como antecedente de los derechos humanos.
Authors: Cadrazco Blanquiset Manuel José
Published: July 2018

Este artículo trata de la visión del derecho en el Quijote, como antecedente de los derechos humanos. Describe las semejanzas y diferencias entre derecho y literatura, la filosofía del derecho, la administración de justicia y el derecho a la libertad. Algunas conclusiones tienen que ver con la importancia de la hermenéutica en el campo jurídico y literario, aspectos que permiten mostrar el Quijote como el iusnaturalismo, bases del derecho constitucional o penal, el buen gobierno y la administración de justicia, así como el concepto de libertad. El objetivo es visibilizar el diálogo permanente entre derecho y literatura. La metodologíausada es el análisis de los textos en el Quijote.