bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Pengasuhan Ayah Terhadap Kemampuan Penyesuaian Diri Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Puteri Ika Apriati Widya , Rudi Rosti
Published: January 2022

Kemampuan penyesuaian diri pada anak dipengaruhi oleh pola pengasuhan di keluarganya, termasuk didalamnya keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan. Peran ayah dalam pengasuhan anak usia dini memberikan dampak yang positif bagi anak. Ayah lebih mendorong anak untuk mencoba sesuatu yang baru, mengajarkan keberanian, kemandirian, dan rasa tanggungjawab pada anak.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara peran pengasuhan ayah terhadap kemampuan penyesuaian diri anak usia dini.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yang memberikan deskripsi kuantitatif atau numerik tren, sikap, atau pendapat suatu populasi dengan mempelajari sampel populasi tersebut. Pengukuran menggunakan dua instrumen, yaitu Skala Penyesuaian Diri Anak dan Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara peran pengasuhan ayah dan kemampuan penyesuaian diri anak (r=0,402, p=0.012). Peran pengasuhan ayah memiliki kontribusi sebesar 16,1% terhadap kemampuan penyesuaian diri anak.
Implementasi Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Melalui Strategi Kolaboratif (Pemanfaatan ICT) pada Anak
Authors: Fadillah Siti , Efastri Sean Marta , Karnelia Eva
Published: January 2022

Berdasarkan fenomena menunjukan bahwa guru dalam memberikan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan strategi kolaboratif masih tergolong belum maksimal terutama dalam memanfaatkan ICT.  Peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian guna mengetahui secara detail implementasi layanan bimbingan kelompok melalui strategi kolaboratif yang dilakukan oleh guru pada anak dengan judul penelitian. Maka metode yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian Quasi Eksperimen, penelitian ini dilakukan di PAUD Pelangi Kids Usia 5-6 Thaun. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa impelementasi layanan BK melalui strategi kolaboratif pemanfaatan ICT pada anak PAUD Pelangi Kids menunjukan implementasinya berjalan baik, dimana hasil penelitian ketika sebelum dilakukan layanan BK pemahaman anak masih  tergolong  rendah  dengan  rata-rata  mencapai 15.8 sedangkan hasil dari penerapan layanan BK kepada anak menambahkan pemahaman anak tergolong tinggi dengan rata-rata mencapai 23.0.
Clinical Profile of Stroke Patients Attended in a Tertiary Care Hospital- Study of 219 cases
Authors: Anwar Nayeem , Khan Md Rezaul Karim , Anwar Nawreen Binte , Nahar Shamsun , Md Shahidullah -
Published: January 2022

Background: Stroke is serious pathology with a immense impact on the functional and vital prognosis. It is the leading cause of death worldwide. The objective of the study was to observe clinical profile of stroke patients and important risk factors.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the department of Neurology, BangabandhuSheikh Mujib Medical Universiy(BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from August 2014 to November2015. All patients above 18 years of age and both sexes attending the above mentioned department meeting all inclusion and exclusion criterias and confirmed CT/MRI scan of Brain were included in this study.
Results: A total of 219 patients were studied. Maximum 93(42.5%) patients were in age group of 61-70 years followed by 51(23.3%) and 30(13.7%), in the age group of 51-60 years and 71-80 years respectively. Male 138(63%) were predominant than female 81(63%). 78(35.61%) patients had weakness in both sides of the body, 66(30.1%) had weakness in the left side and 36(16.4%) had weakness in the right side of the body. 190 (87.7) patients had ischemic stroke and 29(12.3%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Among risk factors dyslipidemia was in 185(84.5%) patients, hypertension, smoking habits, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease were present in 165(75.3%), 120(54.8%), 105(47.9%) and 42 (19.2%) patients respectively. H/O recurrent stroke was present in 55(25%) cases.
Conclusion: Stroke cases were male predominant where dyslipidaemia was the most common risk factor, most common type of stroke was ischemic, most common presentation was hemiplegia/monoplegia and commonest age of presentation was seventh decade.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 16-20
Association of Hypertriglycerideamia with Ischaemic Stroke
Authors: Das Biplob Kumar , Mondal Kanak Jyoti
Published: January 2022

Stroke is one of the foremost causes of morbidity, mortality and is a socioeconomic challenge. This is particularly true for developing countries like Bangladesh, where health support system including the rehabilitation system is not within the reach of common people. Hypertriglycerademia has an effective influence in the pathogenesis of Ischaemic Stroke (IS). So, the focus of this study was to evaluate and assess the association of serum triglyceride level in patients of IS. This case control study was carried out in the Department of Neurology in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2011 to June 2013. In this study, 60 diagnosed cases of ischaemic stroke patients and 60 age and sex matched healthy controls were enrolled. Risk factors of Ischemic Stroke (IS) patients were assessed ( adjusted Odds Ratio) in comparison with healthy adults. In this study, being married [OR. 1.95, 95% CI (0.40-9.42), p=0.409] , smoker [OR.1.65, 95% CI (0.57 - 4.82),p= 0.357], DM [OR. 1.48, 95% CI (0.36-6.06), p=0.582 ], IHD [OR. 1.51, 95% CI (0.29 – 7.89), p=0.624] , HTN [OR. 3.66, 95% CI (1.11–12.12), p=0.033] , overweight [OR.2.31, 95% CI (0.77 – 6.91), 0.135] and obesity [OR. 16.19, 95% CI (1.31–200.6), p=0.030] , increased level of serum TC [OR.8.24, 95% CI (2.07 – 32.83), p=0.003], TG [OR. 9.40, 95% CI (1.17 -75.86), p=0.035], LDL [OR. 0.45, 95% CI (0.10–2.05), p=0.308],and decreased level of HDL [OR. 3.37, 95% CI (1.03 - 12.25), p=0.045] were found as risk factors in developing IS. Independent t-test was done to find out the statistically significant differences of continuous variables like serum lipid profile between case and control group. The mean (SD) value of TG which is focus of this study, was found 237.67 (61.74) in case group, and 169.97 (26.95) in control group which was highly statistically significant (p < 0.0001). All of the significant variables were entered into stepwise logistic regression analysis model. From the logistic regression model, it can be finally concluded that hypertension, obesity, increased level of TC, increased level of TG and decreased level of HDL were statistically significant risk factors for development of IS.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 34-38
Pulsatile Midline Solitary Plasmacytoma in the Frontal Head Region-A Case Report”
Authors: Rahman Md Atikur , Khan Aklaque Hossain , Barua Kanak Kanti
Published: January 2022

Primary craniocerebral plasmacytomas are uncommon and represent only 0.7 % of all plasmacytomas. In this case solitary plasmacytoma in the midline frontal head region of the skull and discuss the clinical features and prognosis of this tumor. Plasmacytoma can present as multiple myeloma, solitary plasmacytoma of the bone or extramedullary plasmacytoma. Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare entity that composes of malignant plasma cells and involves the bone to form only one or two lesions without evidence of disease dissemination. It accounts for only 4% of malignant plasma cell tumors. 50 years old male was suffering from plasmacytoma in the frontal head region in our case which is pulsatile. On images showed multiple differential diagnosis but after operation histological examination revealed plasmacytoma.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 39-42
Cerebellar Ataxia, An Unusual Neurological Manifestation of Coeliac Disease- A Case Study
Authors: Md Raknuzzaman - , Sheikh Abdul Kader , Rahman Hasan Zhahidur , Alam SK Mahbub , Ahthesam Saifullah , Ara Kazi Jannat , Islam Md Rafiqul
Published: January 2022

Coeliac disease was considered as a gluten sensitive enteropathy but now due to its wide clinical presentation is considered as multisystem autoimmune disorder. Ataxia with peripheral neuropathy is a rare manifestation of gluten sensitivity. The presence of glutenrelated immune markers in normal population however complicates the reliable diagnosis of gluten related neurological disorders and clinical improvement on gluten free diet can serve as a diagnostic tool for this disease. We report a case of sporadic progressive cerebellar ataxia with peripheral neuropathy with positive anti tissue transglutaminase (antitTG) antibodies and subtotal villous atrophy in duodenal biopsy. This case highlights an important diagnostic and therapeutic principle in management of late onset idiopathic ataxia.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (1): 43-46
Frequency of EEG Changes In Different Types of Clinically Diagnosed Epileptic Patients
Authors: Sa Dhali , KK Barman , Shahidullah M , Sk Dey , Islam MR , Islam MF , Alam MN
Published: January 2022

Background: Diagnosis of epilepsy is based mainly on clinical history and examination. EEG constitutes the single most valuable laboratory test in the evaluation of patients with epilepsy. Objective: The objective of the present study was to find out the frequency of EEG abnormality among different types of clinically diagnosed epileptic patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. A total of 152 epileptic patients attended in the Epilepsy Clinic, General OPD and EEG room of the Department of Neurology were enrolled for this study. Information on socio-demographic and seizure characteristics was obtained. The records from patients were obtained using the standard data collection form.

Result: Out of 152 epileptic patients male were 62.5% and female were 37.5%, mean age was 20.69 ± 11.83 years. Abnormal EEG was found in 81 (53.3%) patients. Most of the patients 64 (79.0%) had generalized epileptic discharge and 17 (21.0%) had focal epileptic discharge. Out of 81 patients with abnormal EEG wave, 31 (38.3%) patients had spike and wave, 26 (32.1%) patients had sharp wave and 24 (29.6%) patients had multiple types of EEG wave.

Conclusion: The EEG is an important tool for diagnosing an epilepsy syndrome, knowledge of which aids in planning treatment and determining prognosis.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (2): 63-67
Electrophysiological Grading to Assess the Severity of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Symptomatic Diabetic Patients
Authors: Habib Rumana , Alam Dilruba , Islam Rafi Nazrul , Islam Rashedul , Bhowmik Nirmalendu Bikash , Haque Anisul
Published: January 2022

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most frequent compressive focal mononeuropathy found in clinical practice. Patients mostly experience pain, paresthesia, and less commonly, weakness in the median nerve distribution which badly affects dexterity and grip. Common risk factors include repetitive wrist movements, metabolic and degenerative diseases, connective tissue disease and pregnancy. Nerve conduction study is one of the most sensitive and specific tools to diagnose CTS. This study was aimed to grade the CTS cases according to the severity based on electrophysiological findings and explore its association with clinical presentation of diabetic patients had nerve conduction study at BIRDEM General Hospital. Materials and Methods: This observational study was done in the electro diagnostic clinic of Neurology department, BIRDEM during the period Sept 2015 to Feb 2016. The study included 100 hands of 84 patients suffering from CTS consecutively attending the clinic. All the patients were interviewed and clinically examined. Demographic data including age, gender, occupation, affected hand and hand dominance along with duration of disease were recorded. Patients were graded according to clinical history and objective findings and again based on the Canterbury NCS Severity Scale.

Results: Of these 84 diabetic patients presenting with impression of CTS 96% were females. Mean age of the study subjects was 49.6±10.1 (28-85). Most of the female patients were housewives. Clinical grading of CTS was as follows: mild symptoms in 54.76%, moderate symptoms in 23.8% and severe symptoms in 28.58% patients. According to The Canterbury NCS Severity Scale out of total 100 hands,3.5% had Grade 2 (Mild ) 30.5%had Grade 3 (Moderate) ,29.4 % had Grade 4 (Severe), 34.1% had Grade 5 (Very severe) disease. Only 2 patients had Grade 6 (extremely severe) lesion. Of the study subjects 22 (26.19%) had bilateral and rest (73.81%) had unilateral disease.

Conclusion: Data demonstrated female preponderance of the diabetic CTS cases of middle age. Proportional graded deterioration of electrophysiological parameters along with the clinical severity grades highlights the fact that NCS provide additional and independent objective evidence in the diagnosis and severity assessment of CTS and plausibly has important role in prioritizing treatment plan.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2016; Vol. 32 (2): 98-105
Comparison of Carbamazipine and Amitryptyline for the Reduction of Diabetic Neuropathic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rahman MM , Khan RK , Rizvi N , M Md Arifuzzaman , Sharif A , Khanam S
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetic neuropathy is very difficult to treat.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy and safety of carbamazepine and amitryptyline for reduction of diabetic neuropathic pain.
Methodology: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted in the department of Neurology including Neuropathy Clinic of BSMMU and in collaboration with department of Endocrinology, BSMMU, Dhaka from January 2012 to December 2013 for a period of two (2) years. Adult diabetic patients presented with neuropathic pain with symmetrical involvement of distal limbs from indoor and outpatient department of Neurology including Neuropathy clinic as well as indoor and outpatient department of Endocrinology, BSMMU were enrolled in the study population. The study population was divided into two groups named as group A and group B. The group A was experimental group. In this group, patients were treated with oral carbamazepine 400mg/day in two divided doses for initial 2 weeks, then 600mg/ day in three divided doses for further 4 weeks. The group B was control group. In this group, patients were treated with oral amitriptyline 25mg/ day at night for initial 2 weeks, then 50mg/day taking at night for further 4 weeks. During trial, three follow ups were taken at 2 weeks interval and encountered the clinical response by pain score (VAS) and the side effects. The first follow up after 2 weeks of treatment; the second follow up was after 4 weeks of treatment and the third follow up was after 6 weeks of treatment.
Result: A total number of 110 cases clinically diagnosed as painful diabetic polyneuropathy, then 56 cases randomly selected for Group A and 54 cases randomly selected for Group B. During follow up of 6 weeks, 2 case of Group A developed skin rash for which they discontinued drug. From rest of cases, 2 from Group A and 4 from Group B were dropped out. Because they did not come for follow up. So finally 52 cases for Group A group and 50 cases for Group B group were studied. A total of 102 patients were included in the study. They were divided into four Groups according to their age. The mean age was found 52.17(±10.02) years in Group A and 53.41(±8.82) years in Group B. The mean (±SD) of percent improvement in Group A and Group B were 41.11(±11.29) vs. 31.76(±19.14) (P<0.05). Dizziness and Drowsiness were found in Group A as 33.3% and 37.0%. But in Group B dryness of mouth and constipation were found as 46.3% and 7.4%.
Conclusion: In conclusion carbamazepine produced greater improvements than amitriptyline in relieving pain and paresthesia associated with diabetic neuropathy.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol. 33 (1): 6-12
Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Hossain Md Amir , Hannan MA , Barman Kanuj Kumar , Biswas Prodip Kumar , Jahan Merina , Momen Khan Muhammad Abdul
Published: January 2022

An observational study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for ischemic stroke in hospitalized patient in a university hospital. Ninety patients were chosen by using purposive sampling technique. The mean age of patients was 59.01±9.87 years varied from 30 to 75 years and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both rural 49 (54.4%) and urban 41 (45.6) area. Most of them belonged to the lower-middle group 70 (84.8%). Regarding education 47 (52.2%) patients had primary level education and 8 (8.9%) patients were illiterate. It was observed that among them current smoker were 30 (33.3%) and ex-smoker 17 (18.9%). It was also observed that 52 (57.8%) patients had hypertension and 32 (35.6%) had diabetes mellitus (DM). Ischemic heart disease was present in 14 (15.6%) patients. By Oxford shire classification of stroke, it was observed that PAC is common 51 (56.7%) among all forms. Majority 38 (42.2%) of patients had hospital stay of 11-15 days. The mean hospital stay was found 13.68±6.6 days. This study found that cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart diseases are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol.  33 (1): 18-23
Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis- A Study of 4 Cases
Authors: Sheikh Abdul Kader , Biswas Rama , Roy Anindita , Tuqan Sadiqa , Sarker Mallika , Bhuiyan Md Moniruzzaman
Published: January 2022

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon but important cause of stroke, especially in young-aged woman. Clinical presentation is variable, usually in the form of focal neurological deficit, seizure, headache and other features of raised intracranial pressure, leading to misdiagnosis or delay in treatment. Here we report 4 cases of venous sinus thrombosis with variable presentation. Diagnosis is confirmed by neuroimaging including magnetic resonance imaging with magnetic resonance venography of brain. Treatment consists of anticoagulation along with supportive management.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol.  33 (1): 30-33
Association of Serum Homocysteine Level with Migraine in Adults
Authors: Islam Md Monirul , Habib Md Ahsan , Islam Md Rafiqul , Rahman Hasan Zahirur , Rizvi Abu Nasir , Khan Rezaul Karim , Bhuiyan Md Moniruzzaman , Ahtesam Mohammad Saifullah , Islam Mohammad Fakrul , Salehin Mushfequl , Md Rakunuzzaman - , Hannan MA
Published: January 2022

Background: Migraine is the second most common primary headache disorder that has close link to the neurovascular system. The exact pathogenesis of migraine is still not fully understood but several possible theories have been proposed. Hyperhomocysteinemia is one of the coincidental factors whose association with migraine is yet in obscure.

Methods: This case control study was conducted in the department of Neurology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. A total of 65 patients, who were diagnosed as migraine (with aura or without aura) according to ICHD-3 criteria, were considered as case group and another 65 patients (age and sex matched) with headache other than migraine were considered as control group. Serum homocysteine levels were estimated for both groups and other relevant investigations were done in selective cases. Comparison of serum homocysteine levels between two groups were done to see association of serum homocysteine level with migraine in adults.

Results: A total of 50 women and 15 men with mean age of 31 (±10.41) years and 50 women and 15 men with mean age of 33 (±10.91) years constituted case and control groups, respectively. The mean (±SD) serum homocysteine level in case group 10.71 (±4.16) ìmol/L was significantly higher than control group 7.62 (±2.26) ìmol/L, (P <0.001).The mean value of serum homocysteine level in migraine without aura (MWOA) patients 11.87 (±4.18) ìmol/L was found significantly higher than migraine with aura (MWA) patients 8.23 (±1.51) ìmol/L, (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between severity of migraine headache and frequency of migraine attack with serum homocysteine level.

Conclusion: Serum homocysteine level was found significantly higher in migraineurs than non-migraineurs.

Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol. 33 (2): 76-82
Mulberry leaves as a feed source for livestock in Kenya: A Review
Authors: Mwai LM , Kingori AM , Ambula MK
Published: January 2022

In Kenya, Mulberry is grown in less than a piece of an acre by most of the farmers. Current acreage of mulberry stands at 250, spread over Western, Nyanza, and Rift Valley and Coastal regions. Mulberry leaves are highly palatable and digestible (70-90%) to ruminants and can be fed to non-ruminants as part of feed ingredient. Protein content and essential amino acid profile in the leaves and young stems varies from 15 to 35% depending on the variety. The Mulberry leaves are highly applicable as supplements replacing concentrates for dairy cattle, as the main feed for goats and sheep, and as an ingredient in rabbits and pigs’ diets. Farmers growing mulberry fodder offer higher protein content to livestock than those relying on different varieties of Napier grass, which have failed to boost milk production despite the amounts fed. In non-ruminant production, fishmeal and soybean meals are the main source of protein. In ruminant production, cottonseed meal and canola meal are the main source of protein. These meals are expensive, inadequate in supply and of variable quality. This often leads to low egg production and poor-quality eggs, hence low income and poverty among farmers. Therefore, efforts have been made to identify locally available protein feed resources that can be used as a protein supplement for livestock. Mulberry leaf meal (MLM) has been identified as a locally available alternative protein and mineral source that are beneficial to livestock and have been proven to improve production.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 1-9, Dec 2021
Assessing emerging beef farmers participation in high-value market and its impact on cattle sales in South Africa
Authors: Oduniyi OS , Antwi MA , Mukwevho AN
Published: January 2022

The participation of emerging farmers in high-value agricultural markets in South Africa cannot be over-emphasized. It is one of the objectives of the government to assist emerging farmers with the necessary resources and programmes to enable them to meet the requirements and participate in high-value markets. The study investigated the impact of participation in the high-value market on cattle production (cattle sold). A systematic random probabilistic sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 55 emerging beef farmers. Interviews were undertaken using questionnaires to collect data. Descriptive statistics and econometric methods such as Tobit model and a treatment effect model using propensity score matching estimator were employed for the data analysis. The results of binary logit regression from the PSM revealed that participation in a high-value market was significantly affected by age, household size, years of farming and difficulty accessing a high-value market. The average treatment effect of the treated showed a negative impact and decreases the number of cattle sold by 58%. The recommendations informed by the findings from the study are that youth in the study area should be involved in beef farming, appropriate training should be given to the farmers and farmer's advisor should motivate farmers to sell more cattle and participate in a high-value market, and educate them about the requirements to participate in the high value markets. The DARD lease assistance should continue and include the lease of more land.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 27-36, Dec 2021
Performance evaluation of a flatbed maize dryer with a biomass heat source
Authors: Akowuah JO , Boateng HA , Akrofi G Obeng , Maier DE
Published: January 2022

The technical performance of a 3-tonne capacity flatbed grain dryer was assessed based on its drying rate and drying efficiency. In addition, the quality of maize grains dried in the drying system was investigated through stress-crack analysis and germination test. Maize grains at an initial moisture content of 18.4% ± 0.1% (wb) were dried to a safe moisture content of 13.3% ± 0.2% (wb) in 5 hours, resulting in a drying rate of 1.02%/h at a drying efficiency of 67.35%. The average temperature observed in the plenum (55.8°C±1.5°C) was about twice higher than the ambient temperature during the drying period. The use of the flatbed dryer did not have any adverse effect on the viability of grains dried with a stress-crack index of 75 and percentage germination of 90%. This study demonstrated the viability of using the flatbed biomass-assisted dryer for drying maize and can reduce post-harvest losses of maize at the smallholder level.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 37-41, Dec 2021
Market chain analysis of smallholder coffee producers in debub ari district of south omo zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemayehu Y
Published: January 2022

This study mainly aimed at analyzing market chain analysis of coffee in the Debub Ari District. The descriptive and S-C-P model was used. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the study area. The multi-stage sampling technique employed for this study. A total of 194 coffee producer household heads have been randomly selected and interviewed with the help of pre-tested structured questionnaire. The focus group discussion and key informants interviews were conducted to supplement the formal data. The results of S-C-P model indicated that the four firms concentration ratio (CR4) result in the study area was found to be tight oligopolistic for both red and dry coffee which accounts 89.2 and 80.0%, respectively. About 72% of price setting was done by buyers, 27% negotiation and 1% by the producers. There are seven market channels, which have been identified in the study area. The computed marketing margin among different actors and channels indicated that the total gross marketing margin (TGMM) of coffee is high in channel I, II, III whereas the producers marketing margin (GMMp) was highest in channel VII. Therefore, the intervention is needed to improve coffee marketing chain through promoting cooperatives, infrastructural development and timely market information for efficient marketing system in the study area.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 61-68, Dec 2021
Determination of optimum irrigation scheduling for sorghum in Benna-Tsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Lebiso TM , Mada MM
Published: January 2022

Scarcity of water is the most severe constraint for sustainable development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. Hence, novel irrigation water application systems need to be developed so that high crop yield and water productivity per unit of land can be increased. Thus, the field experiment was conducted with the objective of determining the effect of different soil moisture depletion levels on yield and water use efficiency of sorghum crop in Benna-Tsemay woreda at Enchete kebele, Southern Ethiopia. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2019-2020). It was arranged in RCBD with three replications and treatment was rated for five levels of available soil moisture depletion (ASMD), where T1 = 60%, T2 = 80%, T3 = 100%, T4 = 120%, and T5 = 140% of ASMD. Analysis of variance has shown that yield and water use efficiency of sorghum crop was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by irrigation scheduling. As observed in this study, the most economically attractive and environmentally accepted for small scale farmers with tolerable cost of production and higher net benefit was obtained by application of T3 (100% ASMD) under conventional furrow irrigation system. Therefore, for this particular sorghum crop (teshale variety), it could be concluded that increased water saving and water productivity through irrigation at 100% ASMD under conventional furrow irrigation system can solve the problem of water shortage and would ensure the opportunity of further irrigation development in the study area and similar agro-ecology.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 95-102, Dec 2021
Late-Stage Presentation of Testicular Cancer Patients Attended a Specialized Hospital: Findings of a Crosssectional Study
Authors: Md Nurul Karim Abul Masud , Arman Kazi Abdullah , Khurshid Narita , Afroz Tamanna
Published: January 2022

Background: Testicular Cancer (TC) is of interest and importance because its incidence has been increasing in most countries over the past four decades. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of patients with common histopathology, most common stage during presentation, biochemical and radiological findings, common levels of tumour markers.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medical Oncology of National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2016. A total number of 52 patients were taken as study participants who are admitted as newly diagnosed at the NICRH. Data collection: tumour markers, USG of whole abdomen and chest X-ray were performed to all the patients for determination of the staging of the tumour.
Results: The present study found the majority of the patients were found in stage III disease. Patients with Cryptorchidism needed to be educated regarding its early management to reduce the incidence of testicular tumour among them. It was observed that young people could be adequately knowledgeable and optimal awareness could be developed regarding early symptoms of the disease, then they may be found in earlier stage of their disease, which is curable with modern management method. Targeting to alter the cancer patients’ presentation by rising consciousness about TC, prognosis can be largely improved in future.
Conclusion: This study was conducted to find out the features which were unknown in perspective of Bangladesh, so that burden of TC can be reduced, and prognosis can be further improved of this potentially curable disease.
JOPSOM 2021; 40(1): 26-33
Advancement, Collaboration and Effective Combat in Low Resource Setting: Public Health Overview After One year of the Corona Virus Pandemic in Bangladesh
Authors: Afroz T , Arman KA , Khurshid N , Rahman S
Published: January 2022

Background: Current Coronavirus pandemic causing millions of deaths and unfathomable damage of nations worldwide, especially in health sector. Bangladesh is dealing with the biggest catastrophic public health event of the history in a courageous and effective way. An evidence based narrative review has been undergone to scientifically describe Bangladesh government’s measures to encounter the Corona pandemic, so far. The aim of this study is to document the collaborative action of different ministries of Bangladesh government during this pandemic to understand the in-depth steps of the healthcare provision and disaster preparedness of the public-private-international association in a low-resource setting.
Methods: A literature review over five months has been conducted to write down the evidential narration of the activities against the pandemic damage in Bangladesh. Keyword and result based literatures and current media reports searched has been done.
Selection criteria: Both online and offline reports, descriptive articles, governmental portal and ministerial websites were reviewed. The description is reported specifically based on the documents directed by government to fight against COVID-19 from the beginning of the pandemic till the writing period.
Findings and discussion: In spite of the resource constraints, government of Bangladesh has been able to limit the damage in an optimal level. The inter- and- inter ministerial functional proposition and collaboration in national and international stakeholders initiated and sustained by the government strengthen the shield against the Coronavirus invasion.
Conclusion: The sufferings brought by the pandemic knows no bound. The pandemic damage and ruin are unspeakable and undeniable at the same time. It is time to observe the positivity and critically appreciate the efforts taken by the current governmental authority to make a constructive remark for present situation, and be prepare for future building of the nation.
JOPSOM 2021; 40(1): 66-71
Species composition and host preference of fleas (Insecta: Siphonaptera) on rodent and domestic animals in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Rajamannar V. , Govindarajan R. , Krishnamoorthi R. , Kumar Ashwani , Samuel P. Philip
Published: January 2022

The species composition and host preference of medically important fleas monitored in urban, semi-urban, and rural revealed 412(65%) and 222(35%) fleas. From urban and rural habitats 90 and 345 fleas were collected respectively. There was a significant difference between urban and rural habitats in flea abundance. From rodents and domestic animals 209 (33%) Xenopsylla cheopis, 203 (32%) X. astia and 222 (35%) Ctenocephalides felis fleas were recorded. Fleas were predominantly found on Rattus rattus 45(83.3%) and Canis familiaris 31(83.8%). Among the habitats, there was no significant difference in rodent flea positivity and dog/cat flea positivity.
Comparative studies on Culex bitaeniorhynchus Giles (1901) and its tenax variant (Diptera: Culicidae) in Chandigarh, India
Authors: Ranjana Rani , Sandeep Kaur , Sukhbir Kaur , Sagandeep Kaur
Published: January 2022

During present investigations the detailed morphotaxonomic studies of Culex bitaeniorhychus revealed that it exists in two forms i.e typical and tenax in and around Chandigarh. Various intraspecific variations in the morphology and male genitalia were observed in both these forms. The main aim of this study is to distinguish these two forms of Cx. bitaeniorhynchus and their separation from other closely related species. The intraspecific variants of these forms have been studied further with respect to phallosome regions of the male genitalia. For assessing the significant differences among their phenotypic characteristics one–way ANOVA was done along with pair-wise comparisons of samples means. Some of the earlier workers have considered tenax form, a synonym of Cx. infula which is another closely related species of Cx. bitaeniorhynchus. But, on the basis of remarkable differences observed between tenax and infula, it is suggested that these two are separate taxons and should not be synonymised.
on Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Sahina S. , Hussain M.I. Zahir , Balasubramanain R.
Published: January 2022

A study was undertaken on the ovicidal and larval repellent activity of Tagetes erecta leaf and flower extracts on Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806), an important tick species in the world from an economic and medical point of view. Ethanol and methanol extracted plant products tested against the eggs and larvae of R. sanguineus indicated that the ethanol extract of flower had maximum ovicidal activity (86.1%), followed by the ethanol extract of leaf (75%) at 25 mg ml-1 concentration. In all analyses, the homogeneity of variance was significant. The probit analysis clearly indicated that the ethanol extract of the flower has a higher ability to kill the eggs. In the case of larval repellency tested, both extracts of leaf showed the highest repellency (83%) at 2.5 mg ml-1. Significant tick repellency (> 90%) was found in both methanol and ethanol extracts of flower at 2.5 mg ml-1. GC-MS analysis of extracts revealed the presence of bioactive insecticidal compounds such as yangambin, cyclohexane and neophytadine.
Scanning electron microscopy of cuticular sensory structures on the legs of Micronecta haliploides (Horvath, 1904) and Hydrometra greeni (Kirkaldy, 1898) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera)
Authors: Saha Anupama , Gupta Susmita
Published: January 2022

Structures on the legs of two hemipteran bugs, Micronecta haliploides (Horvath, 1904) and Hydrometra greeni (Kirkaldy, 1898), belonging to family Micronectidae and Hydrometridae of two infra orders Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha, respectively were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Both species have a distinctive leg structure bearing specialised cuticular sensory structures. In the study, the sensilla were classified into five basic types: sensilla trichoidea, sensilla basiconidea, sensilla placoidea, porous circular sensilla and sensilla bell mouthed. These sensilla were further differentiated on the basis of shape, size, number, flexibility and type of socket attached. A total of 26 types of sensilla in the legs of these two species were observed. M. haliploides showed 18 types of sensory structures and H. greeni 8 types. A specific morphological structure of the porous circular sensilla was observed and found to be unique.
Report of Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) (Stylommatophora: Achatinidae) in rubber plantations of Western Ghats, Kerala
Authors: Vijayan Keerthy , Suganthasakthivel R. , Sajeev T.V. , Naggs Fred
Published: January 2022

The giant African snail Lissachatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) is reported as a pest in rubber plantations adjoining forest fringes in the Western Ghats region of Kerala. The snail was causing damage to rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) trees, by feeding on rubber latex and nutmeg twigs and leaves. L. fulica infestation on M. fragrans is a new record. The snail infestation in rubber plantations is the first report from the Western Ghats region in Kerala.
Oxyrachis tarandus Fab. (Homoptera: Membracidae) on rose apple (Syzygium aqueum)
Authors: Zubair Medammal , Arshad Keethadath
Published: January 2022

Oxyrachis tarandus Fab. (Homoptera: Membracidae), commonly known as cow horn bug or treehopper was found heavily infested on rose apple (Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston, Myrtaceae). Infestation caused wilting, defoliation and structural abnormalities of fruits in S. aqueum and was found in 81 patches within a tree, which is further divided into peduncle, PD (48 patches), young terminal branches, YTB (20), older twig, OT (13), main bark, MB (0) and leaf, L (0). Infestation of shoot length ranged from 3 to 25 cm comprising a surface area of 5.47 to 25.47 cm2. Population density of cow horn bug was significantly higher in PD compared to YTB and OT and peak infestation was noted during last week of March and first week of April. Prominent mutualism between O. tarandus and ant Oecophylla smaragdina was noted with strong positive correlation.
Morphological and biochemical traits in chickpea resistance against Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Yadav Manish K. , Das Lipsa , Ramalakshmi V. , Sunil Nihal R. , Nayak Sudhanshu Bala , Padhi Deepayan
Published: January 2022

Investigation undertaken with eight chickpea genotypes (Vallabh Kallar Channa 1, Ankur (CSJ 140), JGK-2, Ganguar (GNG 1581), Jawahar Gram-1 (JGK 1), WCG-10 (Pant G-10), Avrodhi and ICC 506-EB as resistant check) for their morphological and biochemical traits of resistance to Helicoverpa armigera, indicated trichome number, length and density, and nitrogen, total chlorophyll and potassium content as influencing the resistance/ susceptibility levels in chick pea.
The Effects of Communication Skill and Job Stress on Organizational Effectiveness of Geriatric Hospital Nurses
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Park Sung-Ju , Han Sang-Mi
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study was a descriptive survey and aimed to identify the communication skill, job stress, and organizational effectiveness of geriatric hospital nurses and examine the effects of communication skill and job stress on organizational effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 180 nurses with more than one year of work experience as a geriatric hospital nurse, who were randomly recruited from six selected long-term care hospitals with more than 100 beds, located in G Metropolitan City and J Province. Results: Communication skill had an average score of 3.56 points, job stress had 3.77 points, and organizational effectiveness had 3.17 points on a five-point scale. Organizational effectiveness of long-term care hospital nurses had a significant positive correlation with communication skill (r=.43, p ＜.001) and a significant negative correlation with job stress (r=−.28, p ＜.001). The factors significantly influencing organizational effectiveness were communication skill
and job stress. The explanatory power of the two variables was 23%. Conclusion: Organizational effectiveness had a
significant positive correlation with communication skill and a significant negative correlation with job stress. Therefore, it is judged to be necessary to develop various studies and programs for enhancing communication skill and reducing job stress in order to promote organizational effectiveness of long-term care hospital nurses.
Effects of Mindfulness-based Programs for Nurses: A Literature Review of International Nursing Journals
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jang Keum-Seong , Lee Mikyoung
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the positive effects of mindfulness-based programs for nurses by using research papers published in international nursing journals, and further suggest the application of such programs for nurses in Korea. Methods: A literature review was performed using international databases including PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. In total, 8 papers were analyzed based on general characteristics such as author(s), year, country, publication source, research design, participants, and key words. Additionally, the findings were summarized based on methodological characteristics, key findings, and implications in a narrative form. Results: The mindfulness-based programs effectively reduced nurses’ negative physical and psychological responses such as burnout, stress, empathy fatigue, mental distress, depression, and anxiety while improving their overall well-being by increasing responses to internal experiences, life satisfaction, and empathy. It also provided the nurses working in challenging hospital settings with increased resilience, effective coping strategies, and appropriate self-care practices, which can positively influence their intrapersonal as well as interpersonal relationships. In particular, mindfulness-based programs were one of the effective measures to address nursing errors. They can improve nursing quality and directly affect patients’ well-being, thus becoming an important factor related to professional nursing development. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based programs can not only improve nurses’ life quality but also provide patients with holistic nursing. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations implement such programs for nurses and evaluate the effects. This is expected to be influentially reflected in the nursing policy at the national level, contributing to nurses’ professional development.
Influence of Perception of Patient Safety Culture and Fatigue on Safety Management Activities of University Hospital Nurses
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Shin Junho , Kim Yun-Hee , Lim Eun Jeong
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify university hospital nurses perception of patient safety culture, fatigue, and safety management activities. Methods: Participants were 230 nurses working in C university hospital in G city. Data were collected from July 17 to July 23, 2018 and analyzed using independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson s correlation, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results: The mean score of university hospital nurses fatigue was 3.17±0.63, perception of patient safety culture was 3.12±0.20, and safety management activities was 4.39±0.51. There was a negative correlation between safety management activities and fatigue (r=−.18, p =.008), but a significantly positive correlation between safety management activities and perception of patient safety culture (r=.21, p =.001). Factors influencing safety management activities in general hospital nurses were place of work (=.23, p ＜.001), perception of patient safety culture (=.22, p =.001), and fatigue (=−.16, p =.014). which together explained 12.0% of the total variance. Conclusion: The research results show that perception of patient safety culture, fatigue, and place of work affected university hospital nurses
performance of safety management activities. Therefore in establishing strategies to promote safety management activities, each department s feature should be first considered to develop educational programs for safety management activities.
Analysis of Research Trends in Papers Published in the Nursing and Health Issues Journal (1996∼2018)
Authors:   Chonnam Research Institute of Nursing Science, Gwak Kyung-Won , Gwak Jae-Hui , Kwon Jung-Hyun , Kim Tae-Young , Park Hyunyoung
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify trends in research papers published in the Nursing and Health Issues Journal from 1996 to 2018. Methods: In total, 228 studies were reviewed. Data was collected using a structured format which involved an analysis of the research methodology and keywords. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data. Results: 77.2% of the studies involved quantitative research. The most frequently used study designs for experimental research and non-experimental research were quasi-experimental (23.9%) and survey (68.8%), respectively. Study participants were mainly patients (49.2%) and were mostly selected through convenience sampling (35.1%). Questionnaires were used for data collection in 56.8% of the research papers. Descriptive statistics (51.9%) and t-test (12.0%) were the most frequently used data analysis methods. Only 4.2% of these papers obtained an Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. 53.6%, or over half, of the keywords were not matched with the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms. While the majority of keywords related to the health domain (48.1%), the most frequently used keyword was “nursing students” in the human domain. Conclusion: To improve the quality of Nursing and Health Issues, future studies need to include various research methods. Furthermore, IRB approval should be required for human subjects research. Researchers are encouraged to use the MeSH terms for keywords.