bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA UNIÓN EUROPEA Y EL ENVÍO ARMAMENTÍSTICO A UCRANIA: ANÁLISIS DESDE LA TEORÍA REALISTA DE LAS RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES
Authors: Cordero González Josué Nicolás
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo de titulación analiza el envío armamentístico de la Unión Europea en el conflicto entre Rusia y Ucrania, de febrero 2022, desde la teoría realista de las relaciones internacionales.  Para este trabajo se realizó una recopilación de fuentes bibliográficas relacionadas y relevantes a la pregunta de investigación, sintetizando datos que aporten al entendimiento del análisis. Para esto,se recopiló datos desde fuentes gubernamentales, artículos de investigación, working papers, cifras de organizaciones multilaterales y libros teóricos. Los resultados demuestran que el apoyo armamentístico por parte de diferentes Estados miembros contieneuna relación política, histórica y diplomática, por lo que el actuar de los Estados varía dependiendo de estos factores. En cuanto a las instituciones de la Unión Europea, su actuar se ha visto establecido por un histórico apoyo armamentístico a un tercerpaís, lo que podría significar un cambio drástico en la política exterior de esta organización.
Palabras clave: Realismo, relaciones internacionales, Rusia, Ucrania, Unión Europea.
AbstractThis work analyzed the armament shipment of the European Union in the Russia-Ukraine conflict of February 2022 from the realist theory of international relations. For this work, a compilation of bibliographic sources related and relevant to the research question was carried out, synthesizing data that can contribute to the understanding of the analysis. For this purpose, data were collected fromgovernmental sources, research articles, working papers, figures from multilateral organizations, and theoretical books. The results show that the armament shipment sent by different member states is politically, historically, and diplomatically related, so states’ actions vary depending on these factors. As for the institutions of the European Union, their actions have been established by historical arms support to a third country, which could mean a drastic change in the foreign policy of this organization.
Keywords: European Union, international relations, realism, Russia, Ukraine
CREATIVIDAD Y AMPLITUD DE SENTIDOS EN LA LECTURA Y EN LA ESCRITURA
Authors: Guerrero Jiménez Galo
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo analiza, de manera descriptiva y argumentada, la forma en la que el lector conduce su formación personal, a las páginas de los textos que está leyendo; se trata de un acorde o acomodo vivencial en que la creatividad, la imaginación y la amplitud de sentidos, se asocian a elementos axiológicos, cognitivos y lingüísticamente asumidos desde la más viva rutina de la cotidianidad. Este proceso lo encamina a pensar, a razonar y a emocionarse, no solo para comprender literalmente, sino para leer entre líneas y más allá de ellas; sobre todo cuando se trata de bucear en el fondo de la concepción ideológica que el autor desparrama en el texto y más allá de él, de manera especial en los textos de corte social, artístico, cultural, religioso y humanístico. De manera que la palabra, en sus múltiples variantes idiomáticas, es parte de la naturaleza del ser humano. Por extensión, la lectura, a través de un texto, debe ser consustancial con la finura que el espíritu humano es capaz de desarrollar individualmente, desde una adecuada motivaciónestética y el recorte micropolítico que se aplique para saborear la profundidad de la palabra encarnada y leída, proactiva, recreativa y apasionadamente. 
Palabras clave: Lectoescritura, amplitud de sentidos, experiencia compleja, pensamiento, capacidad dialógica, atención.
AbstractThe present work analyzes, in a descriptive and argued manner, how the reader brings his personal training to the pages of the texts he reads; it is an experiential accord or accommodation in which creativity, imagination, and expansiveness of the senses are combined with axiological, cognitive, and linguistic elements taken from the most vivid routine of everyday life. This process leads you to think, to reason, and to get excited, not only to understand literally but to read between the lines and beyond them, especially when it comes to diving into the depths of the ideological conception that the author spreads in the text and beyond it, especially in texts of a social, artistic, cultural, religious and humanistic nature. Thus, the word in its multiple idiomatic variants is part of the nature of the human being; by extension, reading, through a text, must be consubstantial with the fnesse that the human mind is capable of developing individually from an adequate aesthetic motivation and the micropolitical cutof that is applied to savor the depth of the word embodied and read proactively, recreationally and passionately.
Keywords: Literacy, breadth of senses, complex experience, thought, dialogic capacity, attention
COMPARATIVA DE LAS HERRAMIENTAS INFORMÁTICAS UTILIZADAS PARA LA ADMINISTRACIÓN DE PROYECTOS (SOFTWARE LIBRE Y MICROSOFT PROJECT) PARA LA ENSEÑANZA EN INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Garcia Saucedo Luis Enrique , Veiga Avila Lucas , Neuenfeldt Júnior Alvaro Luiz
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una comparativa a partir de casos, en cuanto al uso de software libre respecto a Microsoft Project en la administración de proyectos, desde el enfoque de herramienta educacional. El desarrollo metodológico fue realizado en tres etapas: En la primera etapa, al ser esbozadas las principales metodologías internacionales y algunos términos generales involucrados en la gerencia de proyectos, dio paso a la segunda etapa; en la cual, una revisión sistemática de la literatura fue usada para la realización del estudio del estado del arte; solo se seleccionaron artículos en ingles de revistas publicadas entre las fechas: 2013-08-23 y 2023-08-24, e indexadas en la base de datos Web of Science. De un total de 635 artículos y luego de una revisión detallada, se obtuvo una base final de 49 artículos para análisis. En la tercera etapa fue realizada una comparación a partir del estudio de casos y conocer mediante la consulta de la literatura relacionada al uso de este, las aplicaciones de software libre en el área de administración de proyectos, que ofrecen prestaciones equivalentes a Microsoft Project. Para concluir: Esta revisión del estado del arte contribuye a la literatura en gerencia de proyectos, ayudando a consolidar el campo académico, complementando los resultados de estudios teórico-conceptuales anteriores; igualmente, se discutió que ventajas ha traído en los procesos de aprendizaje y gestión de conocimiento en las universidades e instituciones de educación superior, para identificar temas clave y avanzar en nuevos subcampos.
Educação financeira como política pública: estudo em escolas de ensino médio do vale do Itajaí - SC
Authors: Paza Amanda , Padilha Carolina Klein
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o entendimento dos estudantes do ensino médio quanto à Educação Financeira e verificar se as famílias contribuem instruindo seus filhos a respeito de questões financeiras, como gastos, poupança, investimentos, entre outros. Para isto, a pesquisa foi realizada em três escolas, com estudantes do primeiro ao terceiro ano do ensino médio. Do ponto de vista metodológico, esta pesquisa é descritiva e quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de survey disponibilizado pelo Google Forms, em escolas do Vale do Itajaí, SC. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que grande parte dos estudantes pesquisados não tiveram aulas de educação financeira na escola, o que demonstra falha na implementação da política pública. Ainda, o conhecimento das famílias, de forma geral, em finanças é limitado. Os resultados apontam para uma lacuna significativa na educação financeira no ensino médio, sugerindo a necessidade de uma análise curricular mais aprofundada.
Palavras-Chave: Educação financeira. Política Pública. Estudantes. Ensino Médio.
 
Abstract
This research aims to analyze high school students' understanding of financial education and verify whether the family contributes by instructing their children about financial issues, such as spending, savings, and investments, among others. For this, research was carried out in three schools, with students from the first to the third year of high school. From a methodological point of view, this research is descriptive and quantitative. Data collection was carried out through a survey made available by Google Forms, in schools in Vale do Itajaí, SC. Through the results obtained, it was observed that most of the students surveyed did not take financial education classes at school, which demonstrates a failure in the implementation of public policy. Furthermore, families' knowledge in general about finances is limited. The results point to a significant gap in financial education in high school, suggesting the need for a more in-depth curricular analysis.
Keywords: Financial education. Public policy. Students. High school.
PROSPECTS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF PERSONS RELEASED FROM PRISON
Authors: Himedenova Dina
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the problem of recidivism, the scale of which has become threatening in the Russian state. The main causes of repeat criminality have been identified and analyzed. It has been proven that the country’s existing rehabilitation centers for former convicts are characterized by low efficiency. From theoretical, legal and practical positions, the conclusion is substantiated that it is necessary to create and operate private adaptation centers for persons released from correctional institutions. The main activities of the proposed institutions, the specifics of their work, advantages over state and municipal adaptation centers are considered in detail. The author’s position on the broad practical importance of private adaptation centers aimed at the full protection of the rights and freedoms of former convicts and their early social rehabilitation through the provision of a range of services (social, material, medical, socio-legal, pedagogical) is argued.
PENGARUH KUALITAS SISTEM ELEKTRONIK PERPAJAKAN, KUALITAS INFORMASI, KUALITAS LAYANAN, KEAMANAN DAN KERAHASIAAN INFORMASI WAJIB PAJAK TERHADAP KEPUASAN PENGGUNA
Authors: Ma’rifa Berlyanki Zelika , Ristiyana Rida , Nuning Mulatsih Srie
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, kualitas layanan, keamanan dan kerahasiaan informasi wajib pajak terhadap kepuasan pengguna. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah wajib pajak yang terdaftar di KPP Pratama Tangerang Timur. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 100 wajib pajak di KPP Pratama Tangerang Timur yang sudah menggunakan sistem elektronik perpajakan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dengan teknik pengukuran adalah skala likert dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel kualitas sistem, kualitas layanan serta keamanan dan kerahasiaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengguna, sedangkan secara parsial variabel kualitas informasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pengguna. Secara simultan menunjukan bahwa variabel kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, kualitas layanan, keamanan dan kerahasiaan informasi wajib pajak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengguna
Local Economic Development and Its Impact on the Tourist Attraction of Pagubugan in Melung Village, Banyumas
Authors: Muhammad Tsani Muhammad Tsani , Ananda Priska , Mukaromah Inna Af’idatul , Zulfa Muhamad Abdan , Fitriani Sirfi Nur , Maghfiroh Siti
Published: December 2024

The development of community-based tourism in Pagubugan Village, Melung, Banyumas, aims to leverage local potential to enhance rural economic growth. However, the tourism sector faces significant challenges, including a lack of innovation, insufficient human resources (HR) capacity, and limited access to funding. These challenges have hindered the village's ability to sustain its tourism activities and attract visitors. This study aims to analyze the impacts of these challenges on the degradation of tourism in Pagubugan and to propose strategic solutions for revitalization. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing Miles and Huberman's data analysis method, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with local stakeholders, field observations, and document analysis to identify the core issues affecting tourism development. The findings highlight that limited innovation in tourism management, a lack of trained HR, and constrained financial resources have led to stagnation in tourism growth. Tourism programs and infrastructure projects have been delayed or abandoned due to funding shortages, while insufficient HR training has resulted in low service quality and poor competitiveness. Furthermore, inadequate promotion through digital platforms has restricted the village's visibility in broader markets.
Molyneux’s question and multisensory integration
Authors: Brogaard Berit , Gatzia Dimitria
Published: December 2024

Molyneux’s question is, very roughly, that of whether a blind person's prior acquaintance with shape properties by touch alone would suffice for visually identifying those properties, if her sight were restored. The question is at least in part an empirical one, and various scientific attempts have been made to answer it not only for sight and haptic touch but also for various other sensory modalities. This paper is not aimed at answering Molyneux’s original or related questions. Rather, our aim here is to bring his question to bear on the nature of multisensory integration. In particular, we argue that variants on Molyneux's question spell trouble for a dominant view of multisensory integration and develop an alternative account that is immune to these problems. Finally, we show that the answer to Molyneux’s original question has interesting consequences for whether our alternative account is true of all cases of multisensory experience.
Umbilical vein remodeling is associated with pregestational maternal overweight
Authors: Souza Kamilla Batista da Silva , Hochberger Luana Caroline , Castrignano Camargo Felippe Egon , Silva Gabriely Santos , Camargo Giovanna Castrignano , Mello João Pedro Lourenço , Alcantara Dos Santos Fernanda Cristina , Giachini Fernanda Regina , Lobato Núbia de Souza , Souto Paula Cristina de Souza
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Excess weight during pregnancy is a condition that can affect both mother and fetus, through the maternal-fetal interface, which is constituted by the placenta and umbilical cord. The umbilical vein is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, and its proper functioning depends on the integrity of its structure. The remodeling of the umbilical vein represents one of the causes of inadequate transport of nutrients to the fetus, being potentially harmful. This study aims to evaluate whether maternal overweight alters the structural characteristics of the umbilical vein.

Methods

Umbilical cords were collected from eutrophic and overweight pregnant women and were processed according to histological routine. We analyzed morphometry parameters, collagen and elastin fibers deposition, glycosaminoglycan level, and cell proliferation.

Results

Veins from overweight pregnant women were found to have greater total area, wall area, wall thickness, and diameter. There was higher collagen labeling in the perivascular region of the overweight group and a higher amount of type III collagen in the vascular smooth muscle. The proliferation of muscle and perivascular cells was higher in overweight pregnant women. A positive, although weak, correlation was observed between BMI and vessel thickness and with type III collagen deposition in vascular smooth muscle.

Discussion

With this study, we show that being overweight can structurally alter the umbilical vein, causing vascular remodeling of the vessel, through hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
Immunological memory in a teleost fish: common carp IgM+ B cells differentiate into memory and plasma cells
Authors: Chan Justin Tze Ho , Picard-Sánchez Amparo , Dedić Neira , Majstorović Jovana , Rebl Alexander , Holzer Astrid Sibylle , Korytář Tomáš
Published: December 2024

From ancient cold-blooded fishes to mammals, all vertebrates are protected by adaptive immunity, and retain immunological memory. Although immunologists can demonstrate these phenomena in all fish, the responding cells remain elusive, without the tools to study them nor markers to define them. Fundamentally, we posited that it is longevity that defines a memory cell, like how it is antibody production that defines a plasma cell. We infected the common carp with Sphaerospora molnari, a cnidarian parasite which causes seasonal outbreaks to which no vaccine is available. B cells proliferated and expressed gene signatures of differentiation. Despite a half-year gap between EdU labeling and sampling, IgM+ B cells retained the thymidine analogue, suggesting that these are at least six-month-old resting memory cells stemming from proliferating precursors. Additionally, we identified a lymphoid organ-resident population of plasma cells by the exceptional levels of IgM they express. Thus, we demonstrate that a teleost fish produces the lymphocytes key to vaccination success and long-term disease protection, supporting the idea that immunological memory is observable and universal across vertebrates.
Spatially-resolved analyses of muscle invasive bladder cancer microenvironment unveil a distinct fibroblast cluster associated with prognosis
Authors: Feng Chao , Wang Yaobang , Song Wuyue , Liu Tao , Mo Han , Liu Hui , Wu Shulin , Qin Zezu , Wang Zhenxing , Tao Yuting , He Liangyu , Tang Shaomei , Xie Yuanliang , Wang Qiuyan , Li Tianyu
Published: December 2024

Background

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a prevalent cancer characterized by molecular and clinical heterogeneity. Assessing the spatial heterogeneity of the MIBC microenvironment is crucial to understand its clinical significance.

Methods

In this study, we used imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to assess the spatial heterogeneity of MIBC microenvironment across 185 regions of interest in 40 tissue samples. We focused on three primary parameters: tumor (T), leading-edge (L), and nontumor (N). Cell gating was performed using the Cytobank platform. We calculated the Euclidean distances between cells to determine cellular interactions and performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to explore the molecular characteristics and mechanisms underlying specific fibroblast (FB) clusters. scRNA-seq combined with spatial transcriptomics (ST) facilitated the identification of ligand–receptor (L–R) pairs that mediate interactions between specific FB clusters and endothelial cells. Machine learning algorithms were used to construct a prognostic gene signature.

Results

The microenvironments in the N, L, and T regions of MIBC exhibited spatial heterogeneity and regional diversity in their components. A distinct FB cluster located in the L region—identified as S3—is strongly associated with poor prognosis. IMC analyses demonstrated a close spatial association between S3 and endothelial cells, with S3-positive tumors exhibiting increased blood vessel density and altered vascular morphology. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and active vascular sprouting were significant in S3-positive tumors. scRNA-seq and ST analyses indicated that the genes upregulated in S3 were associated with angiogenesis. NOTCH1–JAG2 signaling pathway was identified as a significant L–R pair specific to S3 and endothelial cell interactions. Further analysis indicated that YAP1 was a potential regulator of S3. Machine learning algorithms and Gene Set Variation Analysis were used to establish an S3-related gene signature that was associated with the poor prognosis of tumors including MIBC, mesothelioma, glioblastoma multiforme, lower-grade glioma, stomach adenocarcinoma, uveal melanoma, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma, and lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusions

We assessed the spatial landscape of the MIBC microenvironment and revealed a specific FB cluster with prognostic potential. These findings offer novel insights into the spatial heterogeneity of the MIBC microenvironment and highlight its clinical significance.
Research progress on digestive disorders following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lin Yongshuang , Hou Chengshan , Wang Cheng , Chen Rui , Zhu Yunzhong , Zhou Qing , Shao Binbin , Huang Yi , Li Shun
Published: December 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent disease that poses a significant threat to global public health. Digestive dysfunction, as a common complication, is of particular importance to understand its pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and relevant treatment strategies. TBI can affect digestive function through inflammatory immune responses, the enteric nervous system, and hormonal levels. Furthermore, TBI can also impact neurologic recovery through bidirectional communication along the brain-gut axis. Therefore, this article aims to summarize the underlying mechanisms and further explore individualized feeding strategies, therapeutic approaches, long-term prognosis for TBI patients, as well as recent advancements in related technologies. Further understanding of the pathogenesis of digestive system dysfunction after TBI on the basis of the interaction of gut-brain axis is conducive to more future therapies to treat TBI and improve the long-term prognosis of patients through improving digestive function, and achieve good clinical efficacy.
Association between GRIN2B polymorphism and Parkinson’s disease risk, age at onset, and progression in Southern China
Authors: Cui Can , Li Hongxia , Bao Yiwen , Han Yingying , Yu Hongxiang , Song Huan , Zhang Bei
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives

The role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B (GRIN2B) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in influencing the risk and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of GRIN2B genotype status on PD susceptibility and symptom progression.

Methods

We enrolled 165 individuals with sporadic PD and 154 healthy controls, all of whom had comprehensive clinical data available at the start and during follow-up. We used chi-squared (χ2) analysis to compare the allele and genotype frequency distributions between the patient and control groups. Linear mixed-effect models were employed to investigate the link between the GRIN2B genotype and the progression of motor and cognitive symptoms.

Results

The prevalence of the GG + GT genotype and G allele was higher in patients compared to controls (p = 0.032 and p = 0.001, respectively). Subgroup analysis revealed that the GG + GT genotype and G allele were significantly more frequently observed in late-onset PD (LOPD) patients compared to early-onset PD (EOPD) patients (p = 0.014 and p = 0.035, respectively). Notably, individuals with the GG + GT genotype exhibited an estimated annual progression rate of 6.10 points on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), which is significantly higher than that of the TT genotype carriers. Furthermore, the GG + GT carriers showed a markedly rapid progression in rigidity. In addition, the GG + GT carriers demonstrated significantly faster progression rates in rigidity (1.83 points/year) and axial impairment (1.2 points/year) compared to the TT carriers. Notably, the GG genotype carriers exhibited a more rapid decline in recall function.

Conclusion

The GRIN2B rs219882 G allele is associated with increased PD susceptibility, particularly in LOPD. The carriers of the GG + GT genotype exhibited more rapid motor symptom progression, with a pronounced impact on rigidity and axial impairment.
Multi-tensor fixel-based metrics in tractometry: application to multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hernandez-Gutierrez Erick , Coronado-Leija Ricardo , Edde Manon , Dumont Matthieu , Houde Jean-Christophe , Barakovic Muhamed , Magon Stefano , Ramirez-Manzanares Alonso , Descoteaux Maxime
Published: December 2024

Traditional Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) metrics are affected by crossing fibers and lesions. Most of the previous tractometry works use the single diffusion tensor, which leads to limited sensitivity and challenging interpretation of the results in crossing fiber regions. In this work, we propose a tractometry pipeline that combines white matter tractography with multi-tensor fixel-based metrics. These multi-tensors are estimated using the stable, accurate and robust to noise Multi-Resolution Discrete Search method (MRDS). The spatial coherence of the multi-tensor field estimated with MRDS, which includes up to three anisotropic and one isotropic tensors, is tractography-regularized using the Track Orientation Density Imaging method. Our end-to-end tractometry pipeline goes from raw data to track-specific multi-tensor-metrics tract profiles that are robust to noise and crossing fibers. A comprehensive evaluation conducted in a phantom simulating healthy and damaged tissue with the standard model, as well as in a healthy cohort of 20 individuals scanned along 5 time points, demonstrates the advantages of using multi-tensor metrics over traditional single-tensor metrics in tractometry. Qualitative assessment in a cohort of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis reveals that the pipeline effectively detects white matter anomalies in the presence of crossing fibers and lesions.
Magnesium intake and serum magnesium concentration in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: association with glycemic control and clinical symptoms
Authors: Dobrovolska Lesya , Boyarchuk Oksana
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Magnesium is involved in numerous reactions that regulate the functioning of different organs and systems. Hypomagnesemia impacts on the development of various metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus (DM). Studying magnesium levels in children with type 1 DM is crucial, as deficiencies are linked to many diabetes complications. The study aimed to determine dietary magnesium intake, serum magnesium concentration in children with type 1 DM, and their impact on the clinical course of DM.

Methods

This case-control study involved 50 children with type 1 DM (cases) and 67 healthy children (control) aged 6–17 years. We conducted a survey to gather basic characteristics, weekly consumption of specific food items, and clinical data for patients with DM and healthy children. Additionally, serum magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus concentration were measured.

Results

Insufficient magnesium dietary intake was observed in 46% of patients with DM and in 34.3% of healthy children (p > 0.05). Serum magnesium concentration in healthy children was higher than in children with DM (0.94 ± 0.24 vs. 0.84 ± 0.14, p = 0.011), although the proportion of children with hypomagnesemia did not differ between the groups (11.9% and 14.0%, respectively). Hypomagnesemia was more frequently observed in children from rural areas in both groups: 85.7% in children with DM (p = 0.054) and 62.5% in healthy children (p = 0.010). All children with hypomagnesemia had poor DM control compared to 61.3% of patients with normal magnesium concentration (p = 0.047). The mean magnesium concentration in children with optimal glycemic control was significantly higher than in children with poor control (0.96 ± 0.09 vs. 0.78 ± 0.14 mmol/L, p = 0.001). In DM children and hypomagnesemia, significant decreases in serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations were observed (p = 0.008 and p = 0.017, respectively). Headache and attention disorders were significantly more frequent in DM patients with hypomagnesemia (71.4% vs. 20.9%, p = 0.006; 28.6% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.031, respectively).

Conclusion

The study demonstrates lower serum magnesium levels in children with type 1 DM than in healthy children, with a higher prevalence of hypomagnesemia in rural areas and those with poor glycemic control. Hypomagnesemia in DM children was associated with lower serum calcium and phosphorus levels, as well as more frequent symptoms such as headaches and attention deficits. Monitoring of serum magnesium is essential in routine care of children with DM.
Enhancing clinical complete response assessment in rectal cancer: integrating transanal multipoint full-layer puncture biopsy criteria: a systematic review
Authors: Liu Xin , Duan Boshi , Liu Ruibin , Zhu Mengying , Zhao Guohua , Guan Ning , Wang Yue
Published: December 2024

There is currently a lack of standardized criteria for evaluating clinical complete response (cCR) in rectal cancer post-neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), often resulting in discrepancies with true pathological complete response (pCR). Staging local lesions via MRI is challenged by tissue edema and fibrosis post-nCRT, while endoscopic biopsy accuracy is compromised by residual cancer foci in the muscular layer. Transanal local excision offers a relatively accurate assessment of lesion regression but poses challenges including impaired anal function and elevated complication rates. Building on current diagnostic frameworks, we propose enhancing cCR assessment by integrating histological criteria from transanal multipoint full-layer puncture biopsy (TMFP). This approach aims to improve accuracy while minimizing complications, offering promise for patients opting for observation-based treatments. Further research is needed for definitive conclusions.
Nanoparticle trends and hotspots in lung cancer diagnosis from 2006-2023: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yilun Wang , Yaojing Zhang , Hongcan Shi
Published: December 2024

Background

Lung cancer possesses the highest incidence and mortality rates among malignancies globally. Despite substantial advancements in oncology, it is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over recent decades, the swift progress of nanotechnology has precipitated the extensive utilization of nanomaterials as carriers in cancer diagnosis and therapy. The deployment of nanoparticles as an innovative diagnostic strategy aspires to enable the earlier detection of lung cancer, thereby permitting earlier intervention and enhancing prognosis. This study endeavors to deepen our understanding of this domain through a comprehensive analysis employing bibliometric tools.

Method

Related articles were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1st, 2006, to December 14st, 2023. Thereaf CiteSpace, VOSviewer and the online platform of bibliometrics (http://bibliometric.com/) were utilized to visually analyze Author/Country/Institutions/Cited Journals/Keyword, et al.

Results

A total of 966 articles were retrieved for this study. The analysis unveils a progressive increase in annual publications within this field, with China at the forefront in publication volume, followed by the United States and India. Moreover, Chinese research institutions, notably the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, prevail in publication output. Upon exclusion of irrelevant search terms, keywords clustering analysis highlights that “biomarkers”, “sensors”, “gold nanoparticles”, and “silver nanoparticles” are predominant research focuses.

Conclusion

This bibliometric study furnishes a quantitative perspective on the extant literature, serving scholars in related fields. Furthermore, it anticipates future research trend concerning nanoparticles and lung cancer diagnosis, thereby aiding in the formulation of project planning and the design of experiments.
Case report: Durable response from tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1) combined with fruquintinib and sintilimab as a third-line treatment for MSS metastatic colorectal cancer with a BRAF V600E mutation
Authors: He Chunxia , Chi Jiaxin , Du Zhihua , Zhuang Zhenjie , Li Liuning
Published: December 2024

Patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who fail first- and second-line treatments face significant challenges in third-line therapy, where monotherapies often yield poor outcomes and limited survival benefits. The prognosis is particularly poor for mCRC with the unique molecular subtype of BRAF V600E mutation. This report describes sustained benefits from a third-line treatment regimen (SFS) combining tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1), fruquintinib, and sintilimab in a patient with BRAF V600E-mutated MSS mCRC. A 23-year-old woman was admitted with dizziness, and enhanced computed tomography (CT) and colonoscopy revealed colon cancer. Based on pathological and genetic testing, the final diagnosis was colon adenocarcinoma with lymph node and liver metastases (cT3N1M1, stage IVc, BRAF-V600E(+), MSS type). Following progressive disease (PD) after FOLFOX chemotherapy and surgery, the patient received 40 cycles of the SFS regimen (S-1 60 mg bid po d1–14 + fruquintinib 3 mg qd d1–21 + sintilimab 200 mg ivd q3w), achieving stable disease (SD). At the most recent follow-up, the patient has remained in sustained remission for over 3 years. The SFS regimen may be an attractive therapeutic strategy for patients with BRAF V600E-mutated MSS mCRC, warranting further evaluation in a larger patient cohort. We have registered a related clinical study (registration number: ChiCTR2300079188) and hope that the results will bring new hope for patients with MSS mCRC.
Multipool-CEST and CEST-based pH assessment as predictive tools for glioma grading, IDH mutation, 1p/19q codeletion, and MGMT promoter methylation in gliomas
Authors: Zhang Xinli , Lu Jue , Liu Xiaoming , Sun Peng , Qin Qian , Xiang Zhengdong , Cheng Lan , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Guo Xiaotong , Wang Jing
Published: December 2024

Objectives

To comprehensively and noninvasively predict glioma grade, IDH mutation status, 1p/19q codeletion status, and MGMT promoter methylation status using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)-based tumor pH assessment and metabolic profiling.

Methods

We analyzed 128 patients with pathologically confirmed adult diffuse glioma. CEST-derived metrics based on tumor regions were obtained using five-pool Lorentzian analysis and pH_weighted analysis. Histogram features of these metrics were computed to characterize tumor heterogeneity. These features were subsequently employed for glioma grading and molecular genotyping of IDH, 1p/19q and MGMT. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict the grade and IDH genotypes. The diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) analysis.

Results

The DS, MT and pH_weighted differed significantly between grade II and III, as well as grade III and IV. The amide, NOE, pH_weighted and MTR3.5 showed significantly differences within IDH genotypes. Regression models achieved the highest AUC for differentiating grade II from III (0.80, 95% CI: 0.64-0.91), grade III from IV (0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.90), and IDH mutant from wild status (0.84, 95% CI: 0.77-0.90). MT and pH_weighted metrics were the only indicators for identifying 1p/19q codeletion in grade II and grade III gliomas, respectively. MT 90th percentile (0.87, 95% CI: 0.65-0.98) and pH_weighted 25th percentile (0.83, 95% CI: 0.56-0.97) showed the best performance, respectively. The MTR3.5 was the only indicator which can distinguish MGMT promoter methylation and unmethylation gliomas, within MTR3.5 90th percentile performed best (AUC = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.61- 0.91).

Conclusion

CEST-based tumor pH assessment and metabolic profiling demonstrated promising potential for predicting glioma grade, IDH mutation status, 1p/19q codeletion, and MGMT genotype.
Integration of pharmacogenetic data in epic genomic module drives clinical decision support alerts
Authors: Newsom Kimberly J. , Hall Bradley , Martinez Katherine A. , Nelson Scott , Starostik Petr , Nguyen Khoa
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The Precision Medicine Program (PMP) at the University of Florida (UF) focuses on advancing pharmacogenomics (PGx) to improve patient care.

Methods

The UF PMP, in collaboration with the UF Health Pathology Laboratory (UFHPL), utilized Health Level Seven (HL7) standards to integrate PGx data into Epic’s Genomic Module to enhance the management and utilization of PGx data in clinical practice.

Results

A key feature of the Genomic Module is the introduction of genomic indicators—innovative tools that flag actionable genetic information directly within the electronic health record (EHR). These indicators enable the effective presentation of phenotypic information and, when leveraged with existing clinical decision support (CDS) alerts, help provide timely and informed therapeutic decisions based on genomic data.

Discussion

This advancement represents a significant shift in the utilization of genetic data, moving beyond traditional PDF reports to provide a comprehensive understanding of PGx data. Ultimately, this integration empowers healthcare providers with genomics-guided recommendations, enhancing precision and personalization in patient care, contributing significantly to the advancement of personalized medicine.
Pharmacogenomics for neurodegenerative disorders - a focused review
Authors: Ahmad S. Rehan , Zeyaullah Md. , Khan Mohammad Suhail , AlShahrani Abdullah M. , Altijani Abdelrhman A. Galaleldin , Ali Haroon , Dawria Adam , Mohieldin Ali , Alam Mohammad Shane , Mohamed Awad Osman Abdalla
Published: December 2024

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are characterized by the progressive degeneration of neuronal structure and function, leading to severe cognitive and motor impairments. These conditions present significant challenges to healthcare systems, and traditional treatments often fail to account for genetic variability among patients, resulting in inconsistent therapeutic outcomes. Pharmacogenomics aims to tailor medical treatments based on an individual’s genetic profile, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing adverse effects. This focused review explores the genetic factors influencing drug responses in neurodegenerative diseases and the potential of pharmacogenomics to revolutionize their treatment. Key genetic markers, such as the APOE ε4 allele in AD and the CYP2D6 polymorphisms in PD, are highlighted for their roles in modulating drug efficacy. Additionally, advancements in pharmacogenomic tools, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), next-generation sequencing (NGS), and CRISPR-Cas9, are discussed for their contributions to personalized medicine. The application of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice and its prospects, including ethical and data integration challenges, are also examined.
Whole-tree harvesting improves the ecosystem N, P and K cycling functions in secondary forests in the Qinling Mountains, China
Authors: Pang Yue , Tian Jing , Liu Qiang , Wang Dexiang
Published: December 2024

Forest ecosystem nutrient cycling functions are the basis for the survival and development of organisms, and play an important role in maintaining the forest structural and functional stability. However, the response of forest nutrient cycling functions at the ecosystem level to whole-tree harvesting remains unclear. Herein, we calculated the ecosystem nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) absorption, utilization, retention, cycle, surplus, accumulation, productivity, turnover and return parameters and constructed N, P, and K cycling function indexes to identify the changes in ecosystem N, P, and K cycling functions in a secondary forest in the Qinling Mountains after 5 years of five different thinning intensities (0% (CK), 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%). We showed that the ecosystem’s N, P, and K cycling parameters varied significantly and responded differently to thinning treatments. As the thinning intensity increased, the N, P, and K cycling function indexes increased by 5%~232%, 32%~195%, and 104%~233% compared with CK. Whole-tree harvesting promoted ecosystem N and P cycling functions through two pathways: (a) directly regulated litter biomass, indirectly affected soil nutrient characteristics, and then regulated ecosystem N and P cycling functions; (b) directly regulated plant productivity, indirectly affected plant and soil nutrient characteristics, and then regulated ecosystem N and P cycling functions. In contrast, whole-tree harvesting mainly indirectly affected the plant and soil nutrient characteristics by directly adjusting the plant productivity, and promoting the ecosystem K cycling function. Furthermore, N and P cycling functions were mainly regulated by understory plant productivity while tree and herb nutrient characteristics were key driving factors for K cycling functions. These findings indicated that whole-tree harvesting significantly improved the ecosystem N, P and K cycling functions, and reveals varied regulatory mechanisms, which may aid in formulating effective measures for sustainable forest ecosystem nutrient management.
Does “swapping” maize (Zea mays L.) inbred parents affect hybrid grain yield? – a seed production research case study
Authors: Nagesh Patne , Takalkar Satish Ashok , Mohan Sagala Murali , Naidu Pulime Bhaskara , Kanawade Dinesh G. , Mandal Shyam S. , Vivek Bindiganavile Sampath
Published: December 2024

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a globally important crop, thriving across diverse environments. Breeding maize inbreds with good combining ability for stable yields under both optimal and stress-prone conditions has been successful. However, to achieve commercial success and impact, seed producibility factors which include female and male parent flowering synchronization and seed parent yield, need to be considered in the early stages of the hybrid development process. In this study, hybrids and their reciprocals were compared through a paired T-test to ascertain if F1 performance would be affected by switching (swapping) the roles of the seed and pollen parents. While significant differences were found for grain yield, anthesis days, anthesis silking interval, plant height, ear height, and the number of ears per plant for each group of hybrids and reciprocal crosses, no significant differences were found for hybrids vs. the reciprocals for all of the traits evaluated. This indicated that swapping the roles of female and male parents in successful hybrid combinations does not affect hybrid performance.
Effects of bilingual language exposure on toddlers with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Phillips Sarah , Yanchik Amelia , Jung Heather , Vietze Peter , Lax Leah Esther
Published: December 2024

Research analyzing the effects of bilingual language exposure on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased in frequency. Utilizing the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development—Third Edition, the current study analyzed the effects of bilingual language exposure and age on language development, cognitive development, and social emotional development in toddlers with ASD. Older children demonstrated higher language scores than younger children. The interaction between ASD and bilingualism did not yield statistical significance for language, cognitive, or social emotional scores; however, the interaction between age and bilingualism was found to be significant. Age may have more of an influence on language development than ASD. Children with ASD can be raised in bilingual homes without affecting long-term development.
Clinical pharmacist recommendations in daily interdisciplinary ward rounds at a psychiatric hospital: a retrospective pre-post study on drug-related problems focused in somatic comorbidities
Authors: Stuhec Matej , Gazdag Anteja Gorjan , Cuk Zala , Oravecz Robert , Batinic Borjanka
Published: December 2024

Objective

One potential strategy to address inadequate screening for somatic comorbidities among patients with mental disorders is to integrate a clinical pharmacist into the inpatient team for daily interdisciplinary ward rounds. This approach remains under-researched in psychiatric hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a clinical pharmacist on drug-related problems (DRPs) during daily ward rounds within an interdisciplinary team in a psychiatric hospital.

Methods

A retrospective observational pre-post study was conducted at the Ormož Psychiatric Hospital in Slovenia, including patients treated between 2019 and 2020, during which clinical pharmacists offered recommendations during daily ward rounds. The primary outcomes assessed the difference in the total number of DRPs observed at the time of hospital discharge compared to previous stage, as well as the recommendations and their continuation rate after three months. The secondary outcomes evaluated adherence to treatment guidelines.

Results

The study included 186 patients (mean age: 58.1 years, SD=17.0). During ward rounds, 280 recommendations related to DRPs were conducted (1.5 recommendations per patient). Regarding the nature of DRPs, 154 (55.0%) were identified as expressed DRPs, while 127 (45.0%) were deemed potential DRPs. Following pharmacist recommendations, 133 (86.4%) of the expressed DRPs were successfully resolved. The majority of DRPs pertained to treatment effectiveness (N=179, 63.9%), followed by unnecessary treatments (N=86, 30.7%) and patient safety (N=15, 5.4%). Initially, the acceptance rate of recommendations was 88.9% (N=249) at discharge, declining to 63.2% (N=177) three months after discharge. The acceptance rate for somatic conditions at discharge was 87.8% (N=122), declining to 59.0% (N=82) three months after discharge. Adherence to treatment guidelines for somatic comorbidities increased (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results indicate that this approach led to fewer DRPs, a high rate of acceptance, and better adherence to treatment guidelines. This is the first retrospective pre-post study in the European Union to include this collaboration in daily rounds at psychiatric hospitals, focusing on somatic comorbidities. However, the study also has significant limitations, such as its non-randomized design and short monitoring period, which should be addressed in future research.
Is internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for alcohol use disorder equally effective for men and women? Implications of a secondary analysis of a clinical trial
Authors: Schettini Greta , Johansson Magnus , Andersson Sam , Romero Danilo , Berman Anne H. , Lindner Philip
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Excessive alcohol use is a major public health concern, for which internet interventions have shown to be effective. Group-average effects may however mask substantial inter-individual variations in changes; identifying predictors of this variation remains an important research question. Biological sex is associated with pharmacokinetic differences in alcohol tolerance, which is reflected in many national guidelines recommending sex-specific thresholds for excessive drinking. Whether effects of internet interventions are moderated by sex, and whether any moderation is due to confounders, remains largely unexplored.

Aim

To examine sex-differences in outcomes (both response and remission) after an internet intervention for alcohol use disorder, and to identify any confounders.

Method

The current study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. After identifying factors in which men and women differed at baseline, mixed effects models were re-run using a subsampling matching strategy.

Results

Men and women differed in baseline sum of drinks and self-rated anxiety. Sex was found to moderate (absolute) response but not remission, neither when using sex-specific or common thresholds for risky drinking. However, after controlling for baseline drinking through subsampling, the difference in response was no longer significant.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the apparent sex-difference in treatment response was confounded by intercept-slope correlation – i.e. since men on average drank more at baseline, this offered larger room for decreasing. When conducting studies on internet interventions for addictive disorders, it is crucial to consider which outcomes to use, and how these are operationalized.