bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ideology and Organization in Indian Politics
Authors: Hasan Zoya
Published: October 2022

This book examines the immense changes in Indian politics over the past decade and its impact on the Indian National Congress. The impact is most apparent in the changing fortunes of the Congress party, which suffered two major defeats in the 2014 and 2019 elections, bringing the party’s crisis to the front and Centre of public debate. This book seeks to understand the reasons for these enormous changes by looking, first, at the underlying conditions that led to the decline of the Congress and, second, the challenges—both external and internal—confronting the Congress and, while doing so, estimating its impact on Indian politics and on the Congress. More specifically, it looks at how important ideological debates provoked by the rise of majoritarianism, the Gujarat model, hyper-nationalism, the secular retreat, and the curbs and restrictions on the opposition influenced the Congress. Exploring ideological shifts and organizational limits that shaped the decline of the Congress make a compelling case for the significance of the Congress story in understanding the larger political transformation underway in India. The argument centres on the Congress party, but comparatively speaking, it has relevance for the experience of centrist and centre-left parties in other countries, which too suffered a decline in the context of the upsurge of populist nationalism and right-wing politics in the past few years. Analysis of political change in India in the past decade affords insights into the processes of transformation and polarization that grounded the Congress party and centrist parties in other countries as well.
Democratic Reorganization Eludes the Congress Party
Authors: Hasan Zoya
Published: October 2022

Following an initial discussion of the organizational structure of the party, the chapter highlights the Congress’s institutional problems, principally the challenges facing it organizationally, especially in relation to setting up a democratic structure, and the reasons why it has failed to do so despite Sonia Gandhi and Rahul Gandhi repeated promise of party reform during their terms as Congress president. Both were unable to revamp the organization and eventually relied on the nomination system for filling organizational posts. Most leaders agree that the party organization needs to be revamped, and yet nothing has been done to change this, even though it hampered the party’s capacity to engage with mass politics. The centralizing drives coupled with the sidelining of state leaders were largely responsible for organizational erosion and the absence of leaders with a mass base.
Hindu Nationalism to the Fore
Authors: Hasan Zoya
Published: October 2022

This chapter deals with the 2019 elections widely regarded as a turning point in the expansion of Hindu nationalism as a dominant force and the challenge it posed to the pluralist idea of India. It outlines how and why Hindu nationalism gained the upper hand in 2019 and the effect it had on Congress, and its ability to counter the growing support for it in the public sphere. It argues that national security, which came to dominate the 2019 election, facilitated the idea of a Hindu nation in the garb of national security. The BJP did not seek votes for what its government had accomplished over the past five years, which was very little, it chose the plank of national security as the core issue to mobilize political support at a time when it was heading into a difficult election. The conflation of nationalism and national security shifted the ideological ground in favour of BJP’s conception of nationalism.
Conclusion
Authors: Iqbal Aashique Ahmed
Published: October 2022

This conclusion is divided into three broad parts. First I turn to the story of Indian aviation in the years after nationalization. Indian aviation has grown phenomenally in the years following independence, yet both the Indian Air Force and Indian civil aviation are confronted by a range of problems. The discussion then moves to a broad comparison of Indian aviation with two other post-colonial states: Egypt and Peru. Both these states shared much in common with the historical trajectory, meaning that the Indian case is emblematic of the experiences of poor states with aviation. Finally it sums up the arguments presented in the book before concluding.
The Proper Objective Telos of Deontological Teleology
Authors: Grenberg Jeanine M.
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, we deduce the substantive, organizing, and obligatory telos of all end-setting: the positive command to make persons as such one’s end, and not just the merely negative command never to treat persons merely as means. Kant’s argument for this positive command is grounded both in the affirmation of the very category of non-empirical obligatory ends introduced in I.ii combined with a new deduction of a materialized version of the Second Formulation which rejects indifference toward persons as incompatible with the absolute value of persons. We thereby further extant discussions of the Formula of Humanity: in light of Kant’s insistence that we understand ends-in-themselves as independently existing ends to be positively supported through our end-setting, we reject any would-be constructivist grounding of morality in favor of a realist reading thereof and, therewith affirm a normative distinction between the Second and First Formulations.
A Deontological Deduction of the Obligatory Ends of Virtue
Authors: Grenberg Jeanine M.
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, the telos of making persons as such one’s end, in conjunction with the moral feeling of respect, act jointly as the substantive, organizational, material, and objective telos for the deontological deduction of more precise obligatory ends of virtue. Governance of desire thus occurs through the establishment of obligatory ends set through one’s capacity for inner freedom via the voice of one’s moral-feeling-expressed experience of conscience, and the telos of making persons as such one’s end establishes itself as possessing true governing authority over all one’s desires. We focus particularly on the duty of beneficence, once again rejecting any equivalency claims of the First and Second Formulations in its deduction. We conclude by considering the category of duties to self and the interesting duty to cultivate the feeling of sympathy to anticipate the usefulness of just these moral tools in our forthcoming Part II discussion of Deontological Eudaemonism.
Happiness, Empirically Conceived
Authors: Grenberg Jeanine M.
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, we reveal a harmonious marriage of virtue with the non-self-absorbed pursuit of happiness empirically conceived: the virtuous person, through use of the same tools used to realize her subjective telos of virtue, also maximizes her pleasure, empirically conceived, in all sorts of valuable non-moral activities. That same reorientation of desire via one’s objective telos of virtue utilized in II.i to guide desire-governance is thus now applied to desire-satisfaction: the obligatory end of cultivating one’s natural capacities with a pragmatic purpose provides a model for organizing one’s pragmatic end-setting generally under the purview of one’s virtuous telos of respecting persons. By affirming that the tools of virtue are simultaneously the tools of happiness, empirically conceived, and that the pursuit of happiness rationally conceived and happiness empirically conceived are both guided by a singular life-guiding telos of making persons as such one’s end, our story of Deontological Eudaemonism is complete.
Collective Skill Formation in a Knowledge Economy
Authors: Bonoli Giuliano , Emmenegger Patrick
Published: October 2022

Collective skill formation systems have been long hailed for their capacity to provide high quality vocational training, thereby straddling the twin demands of supplying relevant skills to employers and offering access to stable and relatively well-paid jobs for individuals without university education. Yet the rise of the knowledge economy has put a question mark over whether such efficient and solidaristic outcomes are still sustainable. This introductory chapter reviews structural economic, social, and macro-political trends that challenge collective skill formation systems. The focus is on the growing relevance of knowledge-intensive production processes. However, other macro-trends that are crucial for these systems’ ability to perform an integrative function are also emphasized: the rise in social inequality and the emergence of multicultural societies. In addition, this chapter identifies the two main dilemmas collective skill formation systems face in a knowledge economy: (1) balancing efficiency and inclusiveness in an increasingly knowledge-intensive economy and (2) collective action in the age of decollectivization.
Employer Visibility and Sectors as Predictors of Egalitarian Values in VET
Authors: Wilson Anna
Published: October 2022

For many youths, a successful transition to upper secondary education is a first and crucial step towards a socially and economically stable life trajectory. With the shift towards a knowledge economy, this transition is growing in importance. In collective skill formation systems, apprentice recruiters are gatekeepers to dual VET. Previous research shows that the egalitarian values of these recruiters have had a positive correlation with a tendency to lower the hiring criteria and to be more inclusive towards low achievers. In this chapter, quantitative and qualitative methods are used to pinpoint the factors that are linked to egalitarian, or inegalitarian, attitudes among Swiss employers. The findings reveal that employers with higher skill demands are less likely to be egalitarian and place high importance in apprentice candidates’ grade averages. Furthermore, the highly visible employers are more likely to harbour egalitarian attitudes towards low achievers in VET as opposed to the less visible employers.
Pride and Prejudice? The Influence of Occupational Prestige on an Integration Programme for Refugees in Switzerland
Authors: Aerne Annatina
Published: October 2022

Striking a balance between inclusion and efficiency is a key challenge in collective skill formation systems, and increasingly so in the knowledge economy. Taking into consideration prestige concerns allows for a better understanding and differentiation of vocational education and training (VET) actors’ preferences regarding inclusiveness. The literature highlights two strategies in maintaining or increasing the prestige of VET: limiting access or investing in high-quality training. The former clearly does not enhance inclusiveness, whereas the latter does. In analysing public and private VET actors’ prestige concerns in implementing a training programme for refugees, this chapter shows that VET actors’ support for or opposition against an inclusive training system is shaped by their concern for prestige. Depending on the extent of their concern for the prestige of the VET system, as well their position in the prestige hierarchy, public and private VET actors follow different approaches in protecting the prestige of the VET system. Empirically, the chapter illustrates how prestige shapes actors’ perspective in tracing the actions of professional training organizations (PTOs) and state institutions in the implementation of integration pre-apprenticeships (Integrationsvorlehre, INVOL). The integration pre-apprenticeship is a collective skill formation programme meant to provide access to vocational education to refugees in Switzerland. Methodologically, the chapter draws on the analysis of twenty semi-structured interviews conducted in 2018 and 2019, before and after the programme had been implemented.
Employer Influence in Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Busemeyer Marius R. , Thelen Kathleen
Published: October 2022

The advent of the new ‘knowledge economy’ poses significant new challenges to vocational education and training systems in Europe. Firms are confronted simultaneously with two problems: the need to augment traditional occupational skills with the more general education workers increasingly need in order to keep pace with rapid technological change, while at the same time counteracting the drift on the part of youth away from vocational training towards more academic tracks. This chapter explores employer responses to this dilemma in Germany and Sweden. Germany’s firm-based vocational training system is heavily oriented towards the acquisition of practical vocational skills, leaving advanced firms in particular with deficits in the more general theoretical skills that are increasingly prominent in the new knowledge economy. Sweden’s school-based system, conversely, has traditionally been stronger in the provision of general education at the upper-secondary level, leaving manufacturing firms short of the more practical skills on which they continue to rely. Comparing these ‘contrasting contexts’, the chapter identifies a shared trend towards the growing involvement of employers in public educational institutions—in Germany at the level of higher education as a way of augmenting the country’s heavily practical VET with more theoretical content, and in Sweden at the upper-secondary level to inject a practical component into school-based training in order to strengthen the connection to local firms. In both cases, changes are occurring less through outright reform of traditional educational institutions and more in a process of institutional layering.
Fiscal Measures to Revive Demand
Authors: Shettigar Jagadish , Misra Pooja
Published: October 2022

The Indian economy was seen fast settling to a ‘New Normal’ with Unlock 2.0 effective 1 July 2020, relaxing the night curfew timings, provision of additional domestic flights and trains and more activities being permitted in a calibrated manner outside of containment zones. With the pandemic having negatively impacted countries globally, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), in its revised projections of June 2020, had predicted that the Indian economy would contract by 4.5% in FY21 as against the optimistic forecast announced of 1.9% growth in April 2020. The chapter discusses in detail the fiscal measures that had been adopted by the Indian government to mitigate the adverse economic of the virus.
Viability of Banking Institutions
Authors: Shettigar Jagadish , Misra Pooja
Published: October 2022

With the COVID- 19 pandemic having negatively impacted countries both in terms of healthcare and economic activity, banking regulators worldwide had announced monetary measures to increase liquidity in the economy. One such monetary measure announced by the RBI was the availability of moratorium on repayment of debt for businesses and individuals. This loan moratorium facility could help businesses sustain in times of financial stress caused by a disruption in economic activity due to the coronavirus pandemic. The chapter discusses the pros and cons and the implications that these monetary measures could have on the financial health and well-being of the Indian financial system.
Doing Away with Retrospective Tax
Authors: Shettigar Jagadish , Misra Pooja
Published: October 2022

Retrospective tax is a tax levied on a deal or transaction which was conducted in the past. The chapter discusses how the government had acted pragmatically and laid to rest the ghost of the retrospective tax, though initially, there was thinking within to challenge the verdict by the Arbitration Council. The entire focus was mainly on long- term interests of the economy for which attracting investment is a prerequisite instead of standing on false prestige. The move by the government to scrap the retrospective tax was a step in the right direction and the need of the hour. This bold move by the Indian Government would act as a booster at a time when the economy has just started reviving from the COVID- 19 induced economic crisis.
Union Budget for 2021–22
Authors: Shettigar Jagadish , Misra Pooja
Published: October 2022

With BSE Sensex skyrocketing 2050 points and investors’ wealth seeing a jump post the announcement of the Union budget 2021– 22, it is only fair to state that the bulls were back in action and market sentiments were positively high. The chapter analyses how in the Union Budget 2021-22, the Government had clearly focused on growth revival and it aimed to leave no stone unturned to achieve the same. The strong emphasis on infrastructure and healthcare would give the required boost to the economy and drive it back on the trajectory of economic growth.
Making for the World: Technology Is the Key
Authors: Shettigar Jagadish , Misra Pooja
Published: October 2022

Translating the call of ‘Make in India for the World’ by the PM would necessarily mean gearing up to be competitive in the international market in terms of quality, efficiency, and cost per unit of output produced. In both respects, upgradation of technology is the key to positioning India on the world map as a major manufacturing destination and the factory for the world and the chapter discusses and provides recommendations for the same. Improved technological know- how will help India manufacture quality products at competitive prices and thereby gain a strong foothold in global markets. The call of the day is to upgrade technology and ‘innovate our way’ into the future, which can be possible through a boost given to R&D by the Corporates and Government alike.
Adulthood and Acceptance, with Lingering Trails
Authors: Day Abby
Published: October 2022

Even the most non-religious of the Boomers interviewed expressed a fondness for certain types of ‘religious’ experiences. Attending Christmas carol services, for example, was a non-religious, nostalgic event for many. When Boomers said they missed the music of church, they were not talking about the hymns, whose lyrics made many recoil in distaste, but largely the Baroque period of High-Church choral music typified by Byrd, Purcell, or Tallis. That is perhaps one reason why cathedrals have noted an upsurge in attendance even while there was a downward trend in the parishes. Boomers also at times mentioned the more worrying aspects of their generation’s legacy such as consumerism and materialism. The secular, yet sacred, ritual of occasional cathedral or church carol services may be, at least in part, a way to connect to something less tangible.
Belief in Spirits
Authors: Day Abby
Published: October 2022

The definitions of religion that depend on ‘belief in spirits’ are inadequate as they usually fail to explain the experience of many Boomers, and their children, who describe themselves as not religious but believing in an ‘elsewhere’ populated by the continuing presence of deceased relatives. This, to some, seemed more ‘believable’ than the idea of a god. Reflecting a generally shared faith in science, some Boomers were prepared to accept these extraordinary experiences with the idea that one day an explanation will be found. Many could accept the possibility of the continuity of the soul, a belief in the ultimate truth of science and human agency, and a belief in the authenticity of others who share such accounts. Their secular, supernatural experiences of sensing deceased loved ones share four characteristics of being socially binding, embodied, comforting, and reflecting the same relationship on earth as beyond.
Competitiveness
Authors: Codogno Lorenzo , Galli Giampaolo
Published: October 2022

Doing business in Italy is not easy. This chapter looks at how poor regulatory quality affects the life of companies and their appetite for investing in the country. Italy’s rank is deficient in labour market areas, the burden of regulation, the financing ecosystem, contract enforcement, property rights, and investor protections. And Italy does not attract foreign direct investment. Overall, Italians are rather unhappy with foreign companies because―so the story goes―they are outside the range of democratic control. In some cases, it may be accurate, but otherwise, it simply means that they can close their shop if it is no longer profitable. For Italian entrepreneurs, this is more difficult because if they close down a factory, they may have a hard time with other activities. Connections with politics are essential for Italian companies so that they can try to avoid creating tension with the political establishment. The burden of regulation is partly the effect of low mutual trust between citizens and authorities, as is made clear by the coexistence of widespread fiscal evasion and very intricate tax regulations. Corporate governance is generally rather disrespectful of minority interests, despite a good set of legal rules: most Italian companies are owned by single families, which typically place members of the family itself in top positions in the firm; independent directors, even when selected in minority lists, cannot act as they are expected to do by the rules. Corporate nepotism displaces professional managers and meritocracy.
The End of the World in Scandinavian Mythology
Authors: Hultgård Anders
Published: October 2022

A myth about the end of the world, the Ragnarök, was told among Viking Age Scandinavians. It is here reconsidered against a comparative background. The signs of the end, the final battle, and the destruction and renewal of the world are the main themes distinguished. Eddic poems, above all the Vǫluspá, and the Prose Edda of Snorri Sturluson provide the main sources. These are studied in detail and new interpretations are offered. The myth was handed down in a Christian medieval context and the problem of Christian influence is thoroughly discussed. Particular attention is given to the Old Norse homilies as instruments of conveying Christian teachings to both the elites and the common people. The comparative framework is set up by traditions on the end of the world in early Judaism, Christianity, Islam, the Graeco-Roman world, Celtic Europe, as well as ancient Iran and India. The geographical area covered by these traditions formed a network of cultural contacts providing possibilities of various influences. These texts are studied in their own right to avoid superficial paralleling. The analogies with Iranian traditions are striking and include the idea of the cosmic tree, the role of the number ‘nine’, and the myth of the heavenly warriors. The pre-Christian origins of the Scandinavian myth are emphasized, and an Indo-European background is suggested.
Private International Law But Not as We Know It
Authors: Harris Jonathan
Published: October 2022

This chapter talks about the development of firewall legislation and certain issues to which it has given rise. It considers the development of firewall legislation in the Cayman Islands and its courts and the subsequent experiences in Jersey. It also looks at the use of firewall legislation within the European Union and determines whether any rapprochement between the approaches of offshore and onshore jurisdictions might be reached. The chapter notes how firewall protection typically applies only to trusts governed by the local law. It indicates the two primary functions of the firewall legislation: first function is to lay down choice of law rules in favour of the application of the local law and restrict the application of foreign laws and second is to prevent the recognition or enforcement of foreign judgments that are ‘inconsistent’ with those rules.
Warming Up for Climate Litigation around the World
Authors: van Loon Hans
Published: October 2022

This chapter discusses some recent court cases on climate change from three neighbouring jurisdictions: the Netherlands, Germany and the United Kingdom. In all three countries the highest courts handed down the ‘Urgenda’ judgment, the ‘KSG’ judgment, and the ‘Heathrow’ judgment, which relate to the duties of states regarding greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It details how the judgments were delivered against the background of and interacted with evolving domestic normative frameworks increasingly influenced by the 2015 Paris Agreement. The chapter covers two ongoing cases, one in the Netherlands (‘MD v. RDS’) and one in Germany (‘Lliuya v. RWE’), that test the courts regarding the responsibility, accountability, and liability of companies regarding their contributions to the warming up of the Earth. It compares the normative frameworks for the three countries and provides remarks on the judgments involving governments and on the cases against companies.
Foreign Affairs, Parliament, and the Judiciary
Authors: McLachlan Campbell
Published: October 2022

In Miller (No 2), the UK Supreme Court enforced the principle of Parliamentary accountability of the executive for its exercise of the foreign affairs power in the negotiations with the EU on the terms of Brexit. Critics claimed that the Court turned a political convention into a legal rule, interfering with the executive's prerogative to conduct foreign affairs. This Chapter refutes that argument. It shows that Parliamentary accountability for foreign affairs has been a legal rule of the British Constitution for centuries. The rule was originally given effect through Parliament's power of impeachment, which was frequently exercised in the context of foreign affairs. The accountability of Ministers to Parliament is impeachment's lineal descendent, serving as a check on executive power and confirming Parliament's indivisible sovereignty.
Rome I Repatriated
Authors: Aikens Richard
Published: October 2022

This chapter looks into the domestic law called ‘Rome I repatriated’ or ‘Rome I'. In June 2008, Rome I became the law applicable to contractual obligations and replaced the Rome Convention. Then, the transition to Brexit sparked the modification that became Rome I R. Rome I R indicated the application of regulation regarding situations with conflicting laws of contractual obligations and commercial matters. The chapter expounds on the limitations of Rome I R, such as the bill of lading issues. After all, English courts will need to refer to European laws in determining the applicable law for the bills of lading.
How to Be a Civil Servant?
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

During his civil service, he did involve himself in some kind of politics. But they were elected persons and he had to work with all kinds, he had no choice. But he did not, get involved in his politics. Arjun Singh was a very cultured politician, he had great regard and concern for culture, a Nehruvian creature. He did not understand modern art, he did not appreciate classical music personally but he understood that these were important and had to be promoted. He allowed Vajpeyi to do what he wanted to, because he trusted him. Secondly, they shared the essential liberal ideals.
Politics and Poetry
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

The moment of exceeding could create greatness. But ideologies exist. You cannot wish them away, so you have to grapple with them. So Vajpeyi tried, perhaps not very successfully, to create a situation where literature and arts are also seen as ideology. And they are an ideology that does not seek power. I believe there can be an ideology that does not seek power. They generate ideas and insights, wisdom about human condition, human predicament, human possibility.
A Heraclitean Poet
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

When you are writing a poem you are talking to this other in yourself. There is a conversation going on there and that conversation is addressed to this other and your imagination brings you and the other together in moments of creativity. We are after all complex constructs, it is not as if the other exists only outside, at least for a poet, for a writer.
A Time for Love, a Time for Death
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

Between reality and possibility, the reality sometimes is very depressing. And possibility creates a realm of hope. One is a realm of hopelessness and despair, the other is a realm of hope and you cannot easily decide. You know, one cannot describe a human being as an optimist or a pessimist because that kind of extremity is very rare. There may be some nobility in failure rather than in being either silent or complicit. Poetry today must resist and risk failure.
Being and Nothingness
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

There is a deep reflective element in Raza, which is not very conscious, but which is not fully unconscious either. It is not happening all by itself but there is spontaneity, which I think the medium brings, which is the medium of colour. The colour then supersedes ideas and other things and takes over and the colour creates being that is like becoming. It’s a becoming of colours from whatever has provoked its being.
The Art of Being an Indian Musician
Authors: Jahanbegloo Ramin
Published: October 2022

There are few Indians who are closer to western than Indian music. There are many Indians who like Western classical music including some musicians as well. Yes, there are some Indians, two of my nephews, who know as much about western music. They are twins—Asteek and Hutashan and they both know a lot about western classical music. Western classical music is basically instrumental. Not that there is no vocal, just as not that there is no instrumental here in Indian classical music. The notion of the orchestra, which is so dominant in the Western came to India but did not succeed here, in spite of some interesting experimentation in that direction.
A Case Study on Direct Taxation
Authors: Pachpande Sandeep , Pachpande Asha , Kulkarni J A
Published: October 2022

M/S Shell India and Shell Gas BV The transfer pricing has a significant role to play in terms of taxation of income from intangibles in case of intercompany transfer pricing, in today’s world. With special reference to the Shell case which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Royal Dutch Shell Group. The Royal Dutch Shell Group was created in February 1907 through the amalgamation of two rival companies: Royal Dutch Petroleum Company and the ‘Shell’ Transport and Trading Company Ltd of the United Kingdom. The Issue of Direct Taxation laws as applicable for operations carried out by businesses from located in India as also the transfer pricing Issue are creating lots of heart burn and legal tangles for global organization having subsidiaries in India. The Government at the centre in India is attending to major such tax issues based on the impact of retrospective taxation as adopted by the current and earlier Governments. This aspect of direct taxation has affected in some cases the opportunities for attracting Foreign Direct Investments and ease of doing business in India for many global companies desirous of establishing business subsidiaries in India.
The Common Tragedy in the Non-Banking Financial Corporations (NBFC)
Authors: Pachpande Sandeep , Pachpande Asha , Kulkarni J A
Published: October 2022

Financial woes of the Indian economy continue in spite of taking strong measures. In 2009 Satyam fiasco rocked the stock markets and similar type of incident has taken place in 2018. Stock markets were flying high and bullish trend was present in markets in September 2018 up to third week. Then the markets showed a downward trend and speculations were made regarding the reasons for the same. With the future stability of the Indian financial system on the line, executives running a giant infrastructure lender gathered at the company’s headquarters in Mumbai and hammered out an ambitious restructuring plan in September 2018 last week to manage a $12.6 billion debt burden. After a string of defaults (ILFS) leading to near collapse of the Company which was amongst the major Non-Banking Financial Corporations after majority of its lenders turned defaulters who were extended huge loans bypassing the Banking laws and regulations from the Securities Exchange board of India (SEBI) and the rules as per various acts of the Finance Ministry of India. Similar financial scandals were revealed in the scrutiny by the regulatory boards Which was the main cause of unwieldy rise in Loan defaults leading the huge Non-Performing Assets of many a major Non-Banking Finance Companies. The recovery processes guided by the now introduced bankruptcy and Insolvency Clauses in the Finance Act has made some head way in avoiding misuse of rules by such banking companies and the Loanees.
Microsoft’s Acquisition of Nokia
Authors: Pawar V P , Kunte Bhagyashree , Tumuluri Srinivas
Published: October 2022

In September 2013, US-based computing major, Microsoft Corp. (Microsoft) and Finland-based communications company, Nokia Corporation (Nokia), announced that both the companies would enter into a transaction where Microsoft would acquire Nokia’s devices and services segment, Nokia’s patents and license and use Nokia’s mapping services, for US$ 7.2 billion. Earlier in February 2011, Nokia had entered into a strategic alliance with Microsoft in a bid to combine the traditional strengths of the two companies to create synergies. With the acquisition of Nokia, Microsoft aimed to build on its partnership with the former by accelerating the growth of its share and profit in mobile devices through faster innovation, increased synergies, and unified branding and marketing. The case analyses and highlights the acquisition strategy from the strategic fit perspective as well as the benefits/advantages envisaged by both the companies.
What Went Wrong?
Authors: Pawar V P , Kunte Bhagyashree , Tumuluri Srinivas
Published: October 2022

Nestle’s ‘Maggi brand noodles’ the trusted and valuable food brand in India is the favourite among all the children in the country. It was considered as snacks in many households and a basic diet in many other homes. But in the recent past, the ban on Maggi has created a negative impact of Nestle. The favourite and most preferred instant food product of children, Maggi Noodles, got entangled in its ethical issues of the ingredients being used. The corporate social responsibility of Nestle India was tremendously cross-questioned with its after-test results, by food regulatory authorities. The case study is an effort to explore the various issues, possibilities, and opportunities for Maggi. The study focuses on need and scope brand image and brand repositioning, brand extension, etc.
The Cultural Conundrum
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

The issues related to religious heterogeneity management amongst multi-religion mix of employees has been a perennial aspect either bothering smooth operations or in management of religious diversity issues right from employee dress code to food habits including social and professional interactions in and outside the work premises. India especially with its unrestricted religious diversity with respective religious and social behavioural norms poses issues which need to be handled very carefully without rattling the social and professional harmony.
The Netflix Way
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

Transactions of the business are nothing but the culture of an organization—including its common ideals, principles, practices, and people—it is something rather intangible that acts as a basis for enhancing company development and success, and many organizations are failing to behave. However, businesses such as NETFLIX have created an incentive to build a high-performance organizational community. The very last area addressed in this case is how NETFLIX successfully embraced the transition taking place in the globe. This involves the positive adoption and introduction of technical improvements, while at the same time meeting consumer needs and demands.
India’s Changing Banking Scenario
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

For more than two decades public sector banks managed to stave off competition due mainly to the trust people had in them due to government backing. As the next generation comes in with different attitude, are they equipped to serve them? They need to reinvent to survive. For half a century since bank nationalization, public sector banks dominated the credit flow to the economy with more than four-fifths of the share. In 2019, the golden jubilee year, private lenders accounted for Rs 69 of every Rs 100 loan. The tables are turning. As the economy adjusts to the new reality like technology-driven financial services, a robust bankruptcy law, vanishing ‘phone banking’ and a plethora of competition from unknown quarters, the Goliaths of Indian finance face the formidable task of remaining relevant—and surviving momentous change.
SIF—Safe and Successful
Authors: Kanore Lalit , Masatkar Priti
Published: October 2022

South Indian Foods (SIF) is a Coimbatore-based company which emerged as a private limited company in the Indian market with a strong product line in 1989 under the able leadership of R. Krishnan, president of the company and a postgraduate from the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. His first job was in a direct marketing company where he spent over five years. Later he floated his own company, South Indian Beverages (SIB), with the help of his father, B K Nair. The company has successfully achieved to penetrate in Indian market. It is now planning to expand further by going international. What should be its strategy?
Transformative Turnaround Strategy
Authors: Pachpande Priti , Bachhav Sham
Published: October 2022

This case will examine the reason behind M&M decision to implement a Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) programme and the benefits that BPR programme can offer to an organization with effective implementation. Business process reengineering is a globally proven methodology used to plan and execute effective business turnaround strategies. Mahindras have planned and executed a very successful business transformative strategy through implementation of systematic Business Process Reengineering (BPR) across all its core business units and this case study attempts to explore this success story.
‘AI and the Ethical Dilemma’
Authors: Praveen Roopa , Aher Dilip , Anute Nilesh
Published: October 2022

While the world is moving speedily towards a more and more refined digital world, the question that plagues everyone is the ethical dilemma. While Artificial Intelligence being one of the buzz words in the industry taking over simple things like what we wear to what we eat to medical advancements to various advancements in STEM. However the term Artificial intelligence itself is considered to be a misnomer with debates on how it cannot replace a human intelligence to other showing examples of the most difficult issues being resolved by AI easily. This case studies the impact of AI on Business and Social platforms at the same time questions how information is gathered and used to carry out these tasks. Is it truly ethical? When the same data can create havoc as well as save someone’s life. Well this is a burning question and where does it end?
‘Intense Fear Syndrome of Potential Job Loss’
Authors: Praveen Roopa , Aher Dilip , Anute Nilesh
Published: October 2022

‘Pink Slip’ is a word coined by the IT industry to depict the retrenching of employees. When organizations like TCS decides to let go of 3 lakhs employees, with 8—10 years of work experience, despite the severance packages leaves a huge impact on the employees as well as the organization. People who are still working work with a fear of being the next, what is the mental health of such employees, what kind of HR support are we offering to such employees in terms of security? The IT sector is known for fast changing skills and every employee is trying to stay on the top by reskilling, up skilling, and cross skilling themselves, despite these, the fear of losing a job is very much the truth. Surveys have in fact a different story to tell, it was felt that the skill gap has been increasing, thus leading to more people losing jobs, also the availability of the people with the same skills were available at lesser cost. Well the analysis will have to come up with how these issues could be resolved.
Punjab and Maharashtra Cooperative Bank Scam (PMC Bank)
Authors: Praveen Roopa , Aher Dilip , Anute Nilesh
Published: October 2022

The Punjab & Maharashtra Cooperative Bank (P&MC) bank started its operations in 1984. In 1999 the all India bank depositors association felicitated the bank for the work ethics oriented to depositors’ service. Within a period of six years the bank bagged the status of scheduled bank; as in 2000 the RBI conferred scheduled status to P&M cooperative bank. The HDIL P&MC bank scam was shocking news for people in banking fraternity and the depositors of the bank. The top management officials have given huge loan to the HDIL (Housing Development and Infrastructure Ltd.) and its associated companies. The amount sanctioned was as huge as it was 70% of the total loan disbursements by the bank. The total amount of fraud was said to be Rs. 4355 crore, which led to shooting up of the NPA of the bank to 73%. The scam has been called as the failure of the banking system, auditing system, and loop holes in the policies. This is a perfect case to analyse the failure of such a system by the hands of few officials.
The Monster of Non-Productive Assets
Authors: Praveen Roopa , Aher Dilip , Anute Nilesh
Published: October 2022

This is a perfect case for Finance students on how the very same balance sheet that is to show us the true picture of the company’s financial health is used to commit financial frauds. This case study tries to expose few of the lacunae which have crept in to the balance sheets basically hide or misrepresent certain financial transactions to avoid investigations and to cheat the prospective and current investors to make believe that the company is good financial health through manipulating the data. This case study is one such example wherein financial fraudulent entries are made in the balance sheet.
‘Maruti’s—Lanka’
Authors: Mathur SB , Bokephode Sudhakar , Balsaraf DD
Published: October 2022

Maruti Suzuki is a subsidiary company of Japanese automaker Suzuki Motor Corporation. It has a market share of 44.9% of the Indian passenger car market as of March 2011. In February 2012, the company sold its 10th million vehicle in India. It is India and Nepal’s leading automobile manufacturer and the market leader in the car segment, in terms of both volume of vehicles sold and revenue earned. Until recently, 18.28% of the company was owned by the Indian government, and 54.2% by Suzuki of Japan. The government of India held an initial public offering of 25% of the company in June 2003. As of 10 May 2007, the government of India sold its complete share to Indian financial institutions and no longer has any stake in Maruti Udyog.
Kellogg’s in India
Authors: Mathur SB , Bokephode Sudhakar , Balsaraf DD
Published: October 2022

Today, Kellogg’s is an American owned organization that has a true global market. In the late 1980s, the company had reached an all-time peak, commanding a staggering 40% of the US ready-to-eat food market from its cereal products alone. By that time, Kellogg’s had over 20 plants in 18countries worldwide, with yearly sales reaching above US $6 billion. But since the 1990s, the company started receiving the pressure from its rivals, as a result the company started looking at the markets other than United States and that of UK’s.
A Small Chip Puts the Global Economy on the Block
Authors: Mathur SB , Bokephode Sudhakar , Balsaraf DD
Published: October 2022

As Covid-19 swept the world last year, and people struggled to cope with the impact on their lives, elsewhere a different story brewed. The semiconductor market saw a never before scenario leading to chaos, confusion, delays, losses to many, and profits for others. This was the world of semiconductor shortage. The small chip made its presence felt, when electronics became dearer, and your favourite car delivery was delayed. The situation became critical when chip prices rose, and businesses faced huge shortages, forcing all stakeholders to take notice. Surprisingly, though the Covid-19 saw surging demand for remote working, home entertainment, and online education products and services led to a run-on consumer electronics like smartphones, PCs, and TVs, one of the worst hit markets has been the automobile sector that is heavily reliant on the semiconductor manufacturers. Indian as well as the global automotive industry is losing money in the billions. Reason? Not enough semiconductors to go around satiating the demands of both automakers and the consumer-electronics industry. Automakers are digging in to overcome the global shortage.
‘Washing Linens to Cementing Structures’
Authors: Mathur SB , Bokephode Sudhakar , Balsaraf DD
Published: October 2022

The saying ‘Never Say Die’ squarely applies to this case protagonist who when everyone felt the game is over and the player has retired rises like the famous Phoenix from the ashes to be seen in different arena than the earlier one including diversifying in to totally alien markets such as cement and steel and crude oil. From a modest beginning to galloping to a nationally popular brand like the Nirma washing powder which nearly appeared to set the clock backwards to then known brands such as Unilever (Hindustan Lever). The Godrej and the likes Nirma appeared to wipe the market clean with 30 to 40% market share when it peaked. But over the previous 10 years its popularity went down without any candid reason perhaps for lack of new products and innovative applications. It was known to have sunk to such a level that today the name Nirma is not known in many households and has disappeared from the shelves of detergent and washing soap selling shops.
Merger of ING Vysya with Kotak Mahindra Bank
Authors: Parab Varsha , Mahadik Ramesh , Tripathi Diksha
Published: October 2022

The case study is about the merger deal between ING Vysya Bank and Kotak Mahindra Bank. The deal created the fourth largest private sector bank in the Indian banking industry. The case provides enough material to discuss the dynamics and the mergers in the Indian banking industry. The case also provides enough material to analyse and discuss the synergies and challenges of the merger deal of ING Vysya and Kotak Mahindra bank. The case focuses on synergies of the merger between two banks of India.
The BSNL Saga
Authors: Parab Varsha , Mahadik Ramesh , Tripathi Diksha
Published: October 2022

BSNL officers’ group has warned that things may go out of hand, and the state—controlled Telco would not survive for long unless the central government takes a decision on the Telco’s revival and facilitates a soft loan for capital as well as operational expenses. The situation is worsening and if a decision is not taken by the PMO, and a soft loan is not provided to meet Capex and Opex, BSNL will not last long. The case discusses dilemma of BSNL telecom giant to fight for its survival. It explores different angels of strength and weaknesses of BSNL.
Bosch Is the Boss
Authors: Palekar Srilatha , Pardhi Arun , Jindal Sunanda
Published: October 2022

A case is about the industrial relation issues in Bosch with different plants in India. It has gone through legal proceedings, tremendous pressure from political bodies, employees are against the management. At the end, the industrial issue was handled well by Bosch and made a profit despite the adverse business scenario. Bosch manufactures various products as diverse as diesel and gasoline fuel injection systems, automotive aftermarket products, auto electricals, special purpose machines, packaging machines, electric power tools, and security system.