bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the link between heart failure and cancer: insights into immune mechanisms and therapeutic targets for CD8 + T-cells
Authors: Zhou Ting , Pan Jing , Na Kun , Yuan Jing , Song Haixu , Han Yaling , Xu Kai
Published: March 2024

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a terminal condition of multiple cardiovascular disorders. Cancer is a highly prevalent and deadly disease worldwide. However, the relationship between HF and cancer remains poorly understood. Therefore, there is a critical need to explore the potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets shared between HF and cancer.
Method
The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to download the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of 356 patients, including individuals with HF and those without HF, to establish a co-expression network using the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm, to calculate the compositions of immune infiltrating cells in the CIBERSORT algorithm, and to identify candidate hub genes within the modules of individuals with HF. Pearson Correlation Analysis was employed to identify the correlation between hub genes and CD8+T-cells in HF, as well as between hub genes and both tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) across cancers. Molecular biology experiments were conducted to confirm the correlation between the hub genes and HF. Finally, the NetworkAnalyst database and the CellMiner database were utilized to predict the transcription factors (TFs) and potential therapeutic drugs of hub genes, respectively.
Results
HF was significantly linked to immune response pathway by the analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The brown and blue modules, identified by WGCNA, were the primary modules related to CD8+T-cells. Concomitantly, we observed a positive correlation between the expression levels of the four hub genes and the infiltration of CD8+T-cells in pan-cancer. Additionally, western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) validated the high expression of three hub genes (GZMM, NKG7, and ZAP70) in both mice and patients with HF compared to those in the control group. Finally, the hub gene-associated TF-gene networks and 11 agents targeting the hub genes were successfully predicted.
Conclusion
Our study highlights the shared pathogenesis of HF and cancer and provides valuable insights for developing novel therapeutic strategies that target shared pathways, offering new opportunities for improving the management and treatment outcomes of both HF and cancer.
Investigation of molten pool geometry and flow field based on powder scale modeling in laser directed energy deposition
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Liu Huanqiang , Li Wanyang , Liu Bingjun , Ma Zongyu , Song Jianrong , Wang Tandong , Hu Guangda , Lyu Zhenxin , Zhang Yingzhong , Wang Fengtao , Zhang Hongchao
Published: March 2024

Laser directed energy deposition (LDED) technology is currently facing challenges in controlling geometry accuracy of metal components. There is an urgent need to develop a numerical model that is more efficient and accurate compared to existing models and to analyze the dynamic behavior of the melt pool under the interaction of process parameters during LDED process to optimize parameters with fewer experimental studies to reduce costs. Therefore, a 3D powder scale multi-physics model is proposed during the single track LDED process in this study. The powder particles are added by a Lagrangian particle model in this model without the need for assuming that the powder particles entering the molten pool are added by the mass source term, which improves model accuracy and efficiency. The effect of Energy per Unit Mass (EUM, J/g), Mass per Unit Length (MUL, g/mm) and standoff distance (SD, mm) intensities on transient molten pool motion and flow field are comprehensively investigated. It is discovered that the proposed model is able to predict the single track height, width, depth and dilution rate, or less than 9% relative error from experimentation, providing a useful tool for track geometry to predict. Further, the flow velocity, width and depth of melt pool also gradually are improved with higher EUM, MUL and SD intensity and fluctuates within a small range. However, the height is improved and then decreases with higher SD intensity, and is improved with higher EUM or MUL. Overall, this study contributes to developing an optimizing process approach to improve formation accuracy for LDED manufacturing.
Investigation of lemon as an admixture for Concrete work
Authors: Haile Natnael Alem , Ojha Laxmi Narayan , Khshen Zenagebriel Gebremedhn
Published: March 2024

The environmental impact of chemical admixtures on cement and concrete production and carbon emissions has gained attention. Hence, a study was conducted to assess the impact of locally available lemon juice on concrete workability, setting time, and compressive strength by comparing it to concrete with a commercial water-reducing and retarding admixture to improvecement properties, eliminate pollution, and reduce carbon emissions in cement concrete production. The tests were conducted with and without a lemon juice replacement. The experimental results revealed that the workability of the concrete increased in parallel with an increase in the percentage of lemon juice, up to 5%. The setting time results confirm that lemon juice acts as a retardant. The setting time was delayed by an increase in lemon juice of up to 5%. The dosage of 1.5% lemon juice resulted in a 5.2% increase in the compressive strength of the concrete. With the addition of lemon juice, the of the concrete decreased with an increase in the percentage of juice up to 5%. The cost comparison results showed that lemon juice has a lower cost than commercial admixtures. With lemon juices as admixtures, it was confirmed for the first time that they can be used for water-reducing and retarding admixtures at a reasonable cost at lower dosages; however, further research is needed to optimize the lemon juice dose to advance this approach on a pilot scale.
Single-cell Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Senescent Osteocytes as Contributors to Bone Destruction in Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Delgado-Calle Jesus , Adhikari Manish , Kaur Japneet , Sabol Hayley , Anloague Aric , Khan Sharmin , Kurihara Noriyoshi , Diaz-delCastillo Marta , Andreasen Christina , Barnes C. Lowry , Stambough Jeffrey , Palmieri Michela , Reyes-Castro Olivia , Ambrogini Elena , Almeida Maria , O'Brien Charles , Nookaew Intawat
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer bone metastases increase fracture risk and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among women. Upon colonization by tumor cells, the bone microenvironment undergoes profound reprogramming to support cancer progression that disrupts the balance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, leading to bone lesions. Whether such reprogramming affects matrix-embedded osteocytes remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that osteocytes in breast cancer bone metastasis develop premature senescence and a distinctive senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that favors bone destruction. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified osteocytes from mice with breast cancer bone metastasis enriched in senescence and SASP markers and pro-osteoclastogenic genes. Using multiplex in situ hybridization and AI-assisted analysis, we detected osteocytes with senescence-associated distension of satellites, telomere dysfunction, and p16Ink4a expression in mice and patients with breast cancer bone metastasis. In vitro and ex vivo organ cultures showed that breast cancer cells promote osteocyte senescence and enhance their osteoclastogenic potential. Clearance of senescent cells with senolytics suppressed bone resorption and preserved bone mass in mice with breast cancer bone metastasis. These results demonstrate that osteocytes undergo pathological reprogramming by breast cancer cells and identify osteocyte senescence as an initiating event triggering bone destruction in breast cancer metastases.
Cerebral venous thrombosis and deep medullary vein thrombosis: Padua experience over the last two decades
Authors: Cavicchiolo Maria Elena , Brigiari Gloria , Nosadini Margherita , Pin Jacopo Norberto , Vincenti Arianna , Toldo Irene , Ancona Claudio , Simioni Paolo , D'Errico Ignazio , Baraldi Eugenio , Sartori Stefano
Published: March 2024

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a cerebrovascular disorder that constitutes 20% of perinatal strokes. The incidence of CVT ranges from 0.67 to 1.12 per 100,000 newborns, while the incidence of "deep medullary vein thrombosis" (DMVT), a subtype of CVT, cannot be accurately estimated. This study aims to analyze the case history of CVT in the neonatal period, with a specific focus on DMVT.
Materials and Methods: Newborns diagnosed with CVT, with or without DMVT, between January 2002 and April 2023, were collected using the Italian Registry of Infantile Thrombosis (RITI), a national thrombosis registry. Cerebral MRIs were reviewed by an expert neuroradiologist following a standardized protocol.
Results: Forty-two newborns with CVT were identified, of which 27/42 (64%) had CVT without DMVT, and the remaining 15/42 (36%) had DMVT (isolated DMVT in 9/15, DMVT associated with CVT in another localization in 6/15). Symptom onset occurred in the first week of life (median 8 days, IQR 4-14) with a male prevalence of 59%. The most common risk factors were complicated delivery in 38% of cases, prematurity in 40% of all patients, congenital heart diseases (48%), and infections (40% of newborns). Seizures were the predominant presenting symptom in 52% of all cases. Hemorrhagic infarction was higher in cases with isolated DMVT compared to patients with CVT without DMVT (78% vs. 11%, p=0.013). Antithrombotic treatment was initiated in 30% of the total, and admission to the NICU was required in 87% of patients with isolated DMVT. Neurological impairment was observed in 48% of cases at discharge.
Conclusions: Our study investigates a CVT, a rare subtype of perinatal stroke, showing that DMVT occurs in over a third of neonates with CVT. Multicentric studies are essential to establish standardized protocols for therapy, neuroimaging, and follow-up in these patients.
No difference in 6-month functional outcome between early and late decompressive craniectomies following acute ischaemic stroke in a national neurosurgical centre: A single centre retrospective case-cohort study
Authors: Nesa Adina S , Gormley Conor , Read Christopher , Power Sarah , O’Brien Donncha , Herlihy Darragh , Boyle Karl , Larkin Caroline M
Published: March 2024

Background
Decompressive craniectomies (DCs) are recommended for the treatment of refractory raised intracranial pressure following acute ischaemic stroke. Some studies have demonstrated improved survival and functional outcomes post early decompressive craniectomy (<48 hours from ictus) in patients who developed malignant cerebral oedema post middle cerebral artery infarction. Limited data is available on the role of suboccipital decompressive craniectomy following cerebellar infarction.
Objective
Our primary objective was to determine whether timing of decompressive craniectomy (DC) influenced functional outcome at 6 months. Our secondary objectives were to analyse whether age, gender, the territory of stroke or preceding thrombectomy impacts functional outcome post DC.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of patients admitted between January 2014 and December 2020 who had DCs post acute ischaemic stroke. Data was collected from the ICU electronic records, individual patient medical charts and the stroke database. DCs occurring within 48 hours of stroke were classified as “early”, and after 48 hours, were classified as “late”.
Results
Twenty-six patients had early DC (19 anterior/7 posterior) and 21 patients had late DC (17 anterior/4 posterior). There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, territory of stroke and NIHSS score between the two groups. There was no difference in the mRS score of the two groups at 90 (p=0.318) and 180 (p=0.333) days post early vs late DC. Overall outcomes were poor, with 5 out of 46 patients (10.9%) having a mRS score £ 3 at six months. There was no difference in mRS scores between the patients that had hemicraniectomies for anterior circulation stroke (n=35) and those that had suboccipital DC for posterior circulation stroke (n=11) (p=.594).
Conclusion
In this single centre retrospective study, functional outcomes at six months were poor among patients with DC post ischaemic stroke. There was no significant difference in functional outcomes between patients with early versus late DC after stroke.
Quality of Life in Children at Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease in a Developing Country
Authors: Chaichana Urapee , Jantongsree Maturin , Chantaratin Sasitorn , Sumboonnanonda Achra , Pattaragarn Anirut , Supavekin Suroj , Piyaphanee Nuntawan , Lomjansook Kraisoon , Thunsiribuddhichai Yarnarin , Tinnabut Intraparch , Chaiyapak Thanaporn
Published: March 2024

Background: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) require comprehensive assessments, including medical and quality of life (QoL) evaluations. Few studies have been conducted in developing countries.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2–18-year-old patients who were categorized into 4 groups: the CKD stage 2–3, stage 4–5, stage 5 with dialysis (D), and kidney transplantation (KT) groups. QoL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM (PedsQLTM) version 4.0; relationships between different factors and QoL were determined using multivariable linear regression analysis.
Results: Eighty-seven patients (mean age: 13.3 (4.1) years) were included. The self-reported total scores were 77.5 (12.5), 78.9 (11.2), 77.4 (16.2), and 76.1 (10.9) in the stage 2-3, stage 4-5, stage 5D and KT groups, respectively. Parent-reported scores showed a weak-to-moderate correlation with self-reported scores (r=0.12-0.42), with total scores of 71.8 (12.7), 69.5 (14.9), 63.4 (14.8), and 70.8 (18.1) in the stage 2-3, 4-5, 5D and KT groups, respectively. Multivariable linear regression revealed that the parent-reported score in the stage 5D group was 15.92 points lower than that in the early CKD stage group (p=0.02); the score in the low maternal education group was 10.13 points lower than that in the high maternal education group (p=0.04).
Conclusions: Parent-reported scores showed weak-to-moderate correlation with self-reported scores. CKD stage 5D patients and patients with low maternal education had lower QoL. Regular QoL assessment is recommended for advanced CKD patients and patients with socioeconomic vulnerabilities.
Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of Low Physical Activity Questionnaire (LoPAQ)
Authors: Tabibi Mohammad Ali , Samouei Rahele , Salimian Nasrin , Shahidi Shahrzad , Atapour Abdolamir , Nazemi Farzad , Ghenaat Mahsa , Nikbakht Saghar , Sarbazi Mahboobeh Hoseini , Soleymany Mahsa , Roshanaeian Zahra , Khajeheian Behnaz , Khaki Zahra , Sokani Ali Sadeghi , Ebrahimi Reyhane , Ahmadi Saghar
Published: March 2024

Background
The Low Physical Activity Questionnaire (LoPAQ) was specifically developed to measure the low activity level observed in extremely inactive hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study aims to evaluate reliability and validity of Persian version of the LoPAQ.
Methods
This study was a cross sectional study, conducted in three HD centers in Iran. The LoPAQ was translated into Persian. After cultural adaptions, it was filled out by 120 HD patiens. Convergent validity, was evaluated by calculating the correlations among the Persian version of the LoPAQ and Persian version of the Community Healthy Adults Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire, physical function scale of the SF-36 and physical function (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test) using Spearman's correlation coefficients. The test-retest
reliability was analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results
In total, 109 patients completed all of the questionnaires, took part in physical performance tests and had valid data. Their mean age was 64 ± 11 years, with a dialysis history of 31 ± 10 months. For total calories, there was a strong correlation between the Persian version of the LoPAQ and CHAMPS-measured physical activity (rho = 0.85, p < 0.001). In addition, the higher physical activity level reported by Persian version of the LoPAQ was also correlated with better self-reported physical function (rho = 0.7, p < 0.001) and better physical performance (rho = 0.67, p < 0.001). The ICC ranged from 0.65 to 0.78, indicating strong reliability.
Conclusion
The assessment of the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the questionnaire confirmed its suitability for evaluating the level of physical activity.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05930964, Registered on 05/07/2023. Registered trial name: Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of Low Physical Activity Questionnaire (LoPAQ)
Modeling Deficit Irrigation Water Demand of Maize and Potato in Eastern Germany using ERA5-Land Reanalysis Climate Time Series
Authors: Ogunsola Olawale Q. , Bankole Abayomi O. , Soboyejo Lukman A. , Adejuwon Joseph O. , Makinde Akeem A.
Published: March 2024

ERA5-Land reanalysis (ELR) climate time series has proven useful in (hydro)meteorological studies, however, its adoption for local studies is limited due to accuracies constraints. Meanwhile, local agricultural use of ELR could help data-scarce countries by addressing gaps in (hydro)meteorological variables. This study aimed to evaluate the first applicability of the ELR climate time series for modeling maize and potato irrigation water demand (IWD) at field scale and examined the performance of ELR precipitation with bias correction (DBC) and without bias correction (WBC). Yield, actual evapotranspiration (ETa), irrigation, water balance, and crop water productivity (CWP) were evaluated using the deficit irrigation toolbox. The study found that maize (13.98–14.49 ton/ha) and potato (6.84–8.20 tons/ha) had similar mean seasonal yield under different irrigation management strategies (IMS). The Global Evolutionary Technique for OPTimal Irrigation Scheduling (GET-OPTIS_WS) IMS had the highest mean seasonal yields under DBC and WBC, while rainfall and constant IMS had the most crop failures. DBC had a higher mean seasonal ETa than WBC, except for the potato FIT and rainfall IMS. Global Evolutionary Technique for OPTimal Irrigation Scheduling: one common schedule per crop season (GET-OPTIS_OS) and GET-OPTIS_WS IMS outperformed conventional IMS in IWD by 44%. Overall, GET-OPTIS_OS and GET-OPTIS_WS performed best for maize and potato CWP in terms of IWD, scheduling, and timing. Therefore, adoption of ELR climate time series and advanced irrigation optimization strategies such as GET-OPTIS_OS and GET-OPTIS_WS can be beneficial for effective and efficient management of limited water resources, where agricultural water allocation/resource is limited.
Improvement in the Effective Cataract Surgical Coverage in Malaysia: Evidence of Impact from a Mobile Cataract Outreach Program
Authors: Salowi Mohamad Aziz , Naing Nyi Nyi , Mustafa Norasyikin , Nawang Wan Radziah Wan , Sharudin Siti Nurhuda , Husni Mohd Aziz
Published: March 2024

Background
Effective Cataract Surgical Coverage (eCSC) is one of the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) indicators recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is calculated from a population survey and measures access and quality of eye care services in the community. We conducted simultaneous population-based eye surveys in two regions in Malaysia in 2023 to estimate eCSC and compare the results with the survey in 2014 following the implementation of a mobile cataract program.
Methods
The surveys were simultaneously done in Eastern and Sarawak administrative regions using the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) technique. It involved a multistage cluster sampling method, each cluster comprising 50 residents aged 50 years and older. Presenting visual acuity (PVA) was checked and subjects with cataract were identified. The corrected VA (Pinhole) of those who had undergone cataract surgery was measured. eCSC was calculated at all levels of cataract surgical thresholds according to the protocol. The findings were compared with the previous survey.
Results
Females had a significantly lower Cataract Surgical Coverage (CSC) than males for cataract surgical threshold of < 3/60 for both regions in National Eye Survey (NES) II in 2014, [Eastern female 82.0%, 95%CI (72.5, 91.5) vs male 97.8%, 95%CI (92.8, 100.0), Sarawak female 76.9%, 95%CI (66.4, 87.3) vs male 96.4%, 95%CI (91.6, 100.0%)]. Although the values for eCSC were lower than CSC during both surveys, the difference between genders was insignificant. Comparing NES II (2014) and NES III (2023) at various levels of cataract surgical threshold, eCSC improved within the range of 13.8%-19.2% and 18.6%-23.8% for Eastern and Sarawak respectively.
Conclusion
The improvement in eCSC could be attributed to the impact of the mobile cataract service in both regions. However, a coordinated approach is necessary to further strengthen and expand the coverage of the program to enable the country to achieve the 30% increase in eCSC as targeted by WHO.
miR-455-3p has superior diagnostic potential to PSA in peripheral blood for prostate cancer
Authors: Cen Yi , Feng Shourui , Xu Yuyu , Zhang Churuo , Lin Xiangjin , Ye Xuan , Zha Zeyu , Wang Haiyan , Zhu Guangbin
Published: March 2024

Background
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is commonly used as a biomarker to diagnose and predict the course of prostate cancer (PCa). However, PSA detection is susceptible to changes in the physiologic environment, which may lead to some misdiagnosis. Thus, it is crucial to find a novel diagnostic marker.
Methods
We accessed microRNA (miRNA) expression datasets (GSE206793 and GSE112264) from the GEO database, analyzing peripheral blood samples from PCa patients. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified using GEO2R. A specific miRNA, miR-455-3p, was pinpointed through rigorous analysis of clinical correlations and ROC curves. Peripheral blood samples from healthy individuals and PCa patients were subjected to qRT-PCR validation, aligning results with the GSE206793 dataset. The miRWalk database was utilized to predict downstream genes, while STRING facilitated the construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. KEGG pathway analysis enriched our understanding of potential molecular pathways.
Results
We found that miR-455-3p was highly expressed in the peripheral blood of PCa patients with Gleason score (GS) ≥ 8, while independent of T stage, age and PSA. ROC analysis revealed a favorable diagnostic efficacy of miR-455-3p and AUC for the two datasets was respectively 0.943 and 0.847. The qRT-PCR assay also revealed consistent results. Interestingly, the PSA levels of P1 (GS = 5 + 4) and P6 (GS = 3 + 3) were respectively 3.38 and 4.45 ng/ml, while miR-455-3p was highly expressed in both, suggesting its low misdiagnosis. The speculation was validated in GSE206793 dataset. Finally, 9 potential targets of miR-455-3p were predicted. PPI network revealed PPP2R2A, ITGB1 and CDKN1A as key nodes. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that they were enriched in various cancers, biological processes and molecular signals.
Conclusion
Our study identifies miR-455-3p as a promising diagnostic marker for PCa, outperforming PSA in terms of specificity and sensitivity. The robustness of miR-455-3p, coupled with its potential downstream targets and associated pathways, highlights its clinical significance for improved PCa diagnosis and management.
Effects of a single session of isometric handgrip exercise on blood pressure in hypertensive women: a randomized crossover trial
Authors: Barros Rebeca Lima Rego , Oliveira Marcelo Santana , Silva Jefferson Maxwell Farias , Kanegusuku Helcio , Correia Marilia Almeida , Ritti-Dias Raphael Mendes , Farah Breno Quintella
Published: March 2024

Background: While there are consistent chronic reductions in blood pressure following an extended period of isometric training, the acute effects exhibit notable variation. These results suggest potential variability in individual responses to exercise, emphasizing the need to investigate whether various factors, such as age, medications, among others, can account for these diverse responses.
Aim: The aims of this study were to analyze acute blood pressure responses after isometric handgrip exercise and to identify factors associated with responsiveness in hypertensive women.
Methods: 18 medicated hypertensive women were randomly allocated to perform two experimental sessions: Handgrip (4[two on each arm] x 2-min set at 30% of their maximal voluntary contraction) or Sham (the same protocol as the handgrip session, but with an anti-stress ball, without any isometric component). Pre-and post-interventions (Post 15’, Post30’, Post45’ and Post60’) resting blood pressure was evaluated. Average and interindividual responses for handgrip session were analyzed, while the linear regression was used to identify factors associated with responsiveness.
Results: No significant changes were observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after both the Handgrip and Sham sessions (p>0.05). Interindividual variation was 3.6 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and 1.6 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure. Half of hypertensive women experienced a reduction in systolic blood pressure above 4 mmHg. Age, body mass index, pre-intervention blood pressure, and medications were not found to be predictors of these responses (p>0.05). Conclusion: Isometric handgrip exercise did not reduce blood pressure reduction in hypertensive women, although 50% reduced systolic blood pressure.
Spatial and temporal distribution and health effects of microcystins in Dianshan lake located in east China
Authors: Yu Xi , Shen Yan , Diao Yongqing , Hu Jielan , Yao Xinmin , Li Yuxin , Shao Weiai , Shi Le
Published: March 2024

To investigate the eutrophication status and evaluate health risks of Dianshan Lakewhich located in Qingpu district，Shanghai. We monitored the source water in Dianshan lake for five different sites during 2021. The source water quality and eutrophication, algal toxin pollution status, health risks of the population were investigated through continuous monitoring of the water source of Dianshan Lake. We found the water quality of Dianshan Lake changed with the seasons, and the moderate eutrophication was mainly manifested by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, which was better than previous survey. Liver and kidney function in the population exposed to water contaminated with algal toxins and ingestion of contaminated fish showed changes compared to the control community. After all , we think the water quality of Dianshan Lake is better than previous monitoring, which is mainly manifested in excessive nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, algal toxin pollution in summer and autumn in the lake area, which has certain health risks.
Predicting viral gastroenteritis epidemic using sewage
Authors: Furuya Daisuke , Yajima Tomomi , Indo Tomokazu , Yokoyama Toru , Sugawara Toshitsugu , Nakamura Minoru , Takahashi Satoshi
Published: March 2024

Viral gastroenteritis caused by Caliciviruses is found all over the world. This study aims to estimate the number of people infected with viral gastroenteritis based on the virus concentration in sewage collected from sewage treatment plants in 11 major cities in Hokkaido. Norovirus GI and GII were detected in all plants (11/11, 100%) and Sapovirus in 9 plants (9/11, 82%), with concentrations of Norovirus GI, GII, and Sapovirus ranging from 536 to 78,087 copies/L, 99,586 to 5,476,257 copies/L, and 0 to 18,767,409 copies/L, respectively. We constructed a formula to estimate the number of people infected with viral gastroenteritis based on the virus concentration in sewage, the processing capacity of sewage treatment plants, the fecal volume and viral concentration of infected people. Evaluated by this formula, the estimated number of infected people ranged from 367 to 33,563. The number of cases reported per sentinel is affected by the size of the population treated by the sewage treatment plant and lacks accuracy, and a discrepancy was confirmed from the estimated number of infected people. This study demonstrated that by using the developed calculation formula, it is possible to estimate the number of people infected with viral gastroenteritis based on the virus concentration in sewage, and that it is useful in understanding the actual situation of the epidemic.
Optimizing the Resilience of the Fresh Agricultural Product Supply Chain Considering Supply Chain Disruptions
Authors: Geng Nana , Lu Yang
Published: March 2024

Due to the unique characteristics of fresh agricultural products and the disruptions caused by unforeseen events, the supply chain for fresh agricultural products is highly vulnerable to the risks of supply chain interruptions. To ensure its stability and sustainable development, it is essential to conduct optimization research on the supply chain network. This article analyzes the types of interruptions in the supply chain of fresh agricultural products and proposes three targeted resilient strategies. Focusing on the fresh agricultural product supply chain with agricultural wholesale markets at its core, a resilient optimization model considering supply chain interruptions is constructed. An improved NSGA-II algorithm is also designed to solve the model. Finally, the correctness of the model is validated using the case of the Nanjing Agricultural Wholesale Market. The results indicate that the application of resilient strategies not only reduces the supply chain costs by around 11% but also significantly enhances the resilience of the supply chain.
Stipe of the kelp Eisenia bicyclis as a long-lasting carbon sink
Authors: Putra Delta , Suzuki Haruka , Aoki Masakazu N.
Published: March 2024

Eisenia bicyclis is a dominant stipitate understory canopy-forming kelp on the Pacific coast of Japan. It is perennial and individuals live for approximately 8 years. While the blades of E. bicyclis are gradually renewed, the stipes are constantly present to support the blades and have been observed to persist for some time after the loss of blades or detachment of the holdfast. Therefore, the stipe may function as a long-lasting carbon sink. However, there have been few attempts to quantify the carbon contribution of stipes to the coastal environment. In this study, field experiments were conducted to investigate the contribution of stipes to carbon storage. Pieces of stipe (N = 6) ca 8 cm long were cut from E. bicyclis thalli and suspended at a depth of 3 m in a sheltered, subtidal rocky shore environment at Kitsunezaki, Oshika Peninsula, Japan. Changes in the morphology, wet weight and carbon content of these stipes were recorded for two-month periods at about two-week intervals. The experiments were conducted at three different times of the year: Experiment I was conducted in Jun-Aug, 2021, at 20–30ºC; Experiment II during Sep-Dec, 2021, at 13–22ºC; and Experiment III during Apr-Jun, 2022 at 8–18ºC. The results were compared and analyzed for any apparent seasonal differences. Stipe thinning began in the central region, as demonstrated by decreasing stipe weight, at a rate of 1.59% day− 1 (Expt. I), 1.59% day− 1 (Expt. II) and 0.13% day− 1 (Expt. III). Carbon content was similar whatever the season and almost constant. Nitrogen content was 50% higher in blades than in stipes. It is concluded that E. bicyclis stipes contribute to the coastal ecosystem by providing a long-lasting carbon sink. Accelerated decomposition of kelp stipes with increasing temperature suggests that global warming may reduce their value as an important coastal carbon sink.
Machine learning to predict adverse drug reaction or event based on electronic health records: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Qiaozhi , Li Xiaoqi , Zou dan , xu ting , he zhiyao
Published: March 2024

Introduction
Machine learning (ML) for adverse drug reaction or event (ADR/ADE) prediction is emerging as the promising method for improving medical quality. We aimed to conduct a systematic review to comprehensively summarize ML prediction for ADR/ADE based on electronic health record (EHR).
Materials and methods
We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and IEEE Xplore databases from database inception to 21 Nov. 2023, to identify eligible studies. Any study that developed ML model to predict multiple ADR/ADE based on EHR was included in the final review. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and their 95% CI were calculated. Binary accuracy data were extracted for meta-analysis to derive area under the curve (AUC).
Results
5704 studies were identified, of which 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Among the 20 ML methods reported in the including studies, Random Forest (RF) was reported the most (n=9), followed by Adaboost (n=4), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (n=3) and support vector machine (n=3). The mean AUC for ML prediction was 75.71% (26.00-94.57). RF combined with resampling based approaches might get high AUC, the mean was 82.92% (94.48-94.57). The length of stay, number of drugs, admission type, age, and high-risk drug used, such as antiviral agents, rifamycin, were the common risk factors for ADR/ADE prediction. The pooled estimated AUC of summary receiver operator characteristics was 72.00% (68.00-75.00).
Conclusions
Acceptable prediction performance of ADR/ADE with ML algorithmwas highlighted. More rigorous reporting standards and the new ML methods that take into account the unique challenges of ML research could improve future studies and help the application of ML models in clinical practice.
System Implementation of Emotion Recognition From Speech
Authors: khali sonia , Lee Chung
Published: March 2024

Emotional states can be expressed in facial expressions, speech, or body language. This study aims to create an effective system that can recognize emotional states from speech. The study proposes a methodology framework that uses acoustic features to recognize emotions. Initially, various methods for extracting features from speech are examined, and extensive statistical values are derived from the feature data. To recognize emotions from different speakers, a method to standardize the statistical features is presented. Normalization is proven to be necessary for building a high-performance system. Using normalized values, a score is calculated for each speech utterance, and the feature patterns for different emotions such as Anger, Boredom, Fear, Sadness, Happiness, and Neutral are examined. The study suggests that pitch, first formant, and speaking rate are the best features to distinguish emotions such as Anger, Fear, Boredom, Happiness, and Sadness. The study also shows that Support Vector Machine (SVM) can yield satisfactory performance in recognizing emotions. The system has achieved a high level of accuracy in detecting emotions such as Fear, Boredom, and Sadness. However, the method used in this study is not effective in recognizing emotions of Anger and Happiness.
WITHDRAWN: A Bias Gantry Profiling Boom Sprayer for Orchard Protection
Authors: Huo Peng , Li Jianping
Published: March 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ISLAM AND LOCAL CULTURE
Authors: Rohmah Khayatur
Published: March 2024

This article is the result of a research that did with the purpose to know the process of Islam Relation and local culture. The research is a study about sea alms tradition and also the religion values of Kertojayan village, Grabag district, Purworejo regency. The methoad of the research used qualitative approach with descriptive type. The subject is society of Kertojayan village. The result shows that; (1) Islam Relation process and local culture in sea alms ceremony tradition of Kertojayan village have brought by a missionary (Kiai) who involved in sea alms ceremony tradition and he got a support from regent of Purworejo. Some of peoples accept the tradition and they are moslem. (2) The religion values that consist in sea alms tradition of Kertojayan village have three three values, there are loyalty symbol and thank feel to Allah, religion values like recited the prays and attitude value such as cooperate to keep a clean area.
HUMOR IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF HADITH: ANALYSIS OF THE THEORY OF HIERARCHY OF NEEDS TOWARDS PRANK IN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Fajri Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Tulisan ini membahas tentang fenomena prank yang berkembang di media sosial yang sebagian besar aksinya sudah jauh dari kode etik humor atau bercanda yang diajarkan dalam tuntunan al-Qur’an dan hadis Nabi Saw. Artikel ini akan dikaji dengan menggunakan pendekatan hierarchy of needs Abraham Maslow. Dalam hadis nabi, istilah prank memiliki kesamaan makna dengan al-muda’abah atau al-muzahah yang sederhananya bermakna humor atau senda-gurau. Berdasarkan teori hierarchy of needs, dari kelima level hirarki kebutuhan manusia, pelaku aksi prank sudah berada pada level ketiga, keempat, dan kelima. Di level ketiga (social needs), para pelaku prank butuh untuk diterima, dicintai di lingkungan sosialnya (social needs) seperti keluarga, teman, atau lingkungan sekitar. Pada level keempat, pelaku prank butuh akan self-esteem (harga diri) berupa apresiasi dari lingkungan sosialnya seperti status (selebgram, youtuber, atau influencer), ketenaran dan viral. Sedangkan di level kelima, merupakan level tertinggi dari kebutuhan manusia yaitu self actualization di mana para pelaku aksi prank sudah mencapai tahap ketagihan atau candu apabila aksi-aksi yang dilakukan berhasil dan mendapat apresiasi dari masyarakat. Dampaknya adalah mereka mengabaikan akan etika, nilai moral, norma, dan nilai-nilai agama. Sebab, mereka sudah terfokus dan terobsesi dengan eksistensi di media sosial. Oleh karena itu, sejatinya prank atau humor harusnya menghasilkan energi positif yang sama dari kedua bela pihak, bukan salah satu pihak (pelaku prank merasakan bahagia dan korban prank juga meraskan kebahagiaan yang sama). Artinya, aksi prank yang dilakukan harus menjung tinggi nilai-nilai humanistik, yaitu memanusiakan manusia.
Diskursus Problematika Jilbab Perspektif Yunan Yusuf Dalam Tafsir Al-Izzah
Authors: Ghoziah Cima
Published: March 2024

This paper will discuss Yunan Yusuf's perspective on the hijab in his interpretation of Al-Izzah while seeking answers to social issues such as women wearing the hijab still being victims of sexual harassment, the hijab being considered unfashionable by certain groups, and the hijab being seen as a hindrance to career advancement. This research is a literature-based study (library research) using a descriptive analysis method with a sociological approach. The results of this study indicate that victims of sexual harassment among women who wear the hijab have two possibilities. Yunan Yusuf explains that women who are still victims of sexual harassment may be wearing a hijab that has sexual appeal, or it could be due to men who cannot control their desires and should be advised to restrain their carnal desires to avoid seducing or disturbing women who already wear the hijab or dress according to Islamic Sharia. Furthermore, concerns of women hesitating to wear the hijab due to unfashionable reasons have been addressed with the emergence of many stores and fashion designers selling clothing that adheres to Islamic Sharia while keeping up with contemporary fashion trends. Lastly, the discussion regarding discrimination against women wearing the hijab in the workplace, leading some women to reluctantly remove their hijabs, is not justified. First, they would be violating religious rules. Second, they are protected by the law. Third, they can seek alternative employment while trusting that Allah has promised sufficiency to His faithful servants who rely on Him.
Current state of natural waters and bottom sediments in the southern part of Kola Bay
Authors: Tsarkova N. S. , Grigoriev S. S. , Ivanov I. M. , Osintsev S. N.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of studying the aquatic ecosystem of Kola Bay in 2022. The concentrations of the main chemical parameters were determined using standard methods. The main changes in the obtained results depending on the season are considered
A general learning scheme for classical and quantum Ising machines
Authors: Schmid Ludwig , Zardini Enrico , Pastorello Davide
Published: March 2024

An Ising machine is any hardware specifically designed for finding the ground state of the Ising model. Relevant examples are coherent Ising machines and quantum annealers. In this paper, we propose a new machine learning model that is based on the Ising structure and can be efficiently trained using gradient descent. We provide a mathematical characterization of the training process, which is based upon optimizing a loss function whose partial derivatives are not explicitly calculated but estimated by the Ising machine itself. Moreover, we present some experimental results on the training and execution of the proposed learning model. These results point out new possibilities offered by Ising machines for different learning tasks. In particular, in the quantum realm, the quantum resources are used for both the execution and the training of the model, providing a promising perspective in quantum machine learning.
“In Memoriam” José López-Yepes
Authors: López Yepes Alfonso
Published: March 2024

El contenido de esta aportación contempla conjuntamente el texto redactado por el autor (en prensa: formato libro, juntamente con los textos de otros autores) con ocasión del homenaje póstumo tributado a José López Yepes el 1 de junio de 2023 en Ciudad de México, en el ámbito del IIBI-UNAM (Instituto de Investigaciones Bibliotecológicas y de la Información, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México). Se completa el trabajo con amplia información añadida –también generada en su memoria– con ocasión de los homenajes celebrados con fechas 2 de octubre de 2023 en Facultad de Ciencias de la Documentación organizado por el Departamento de Biblioteconomía y Documentación de la Universidad Complutense) y 13-14 de noviembre de 2023 en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí-México.
Diversity Principle of Public Control in Russia
Authors: Goncharov Vitaliy
Published: March 2024

The domestic system of public control is quite diverse. The paper examines this diversity as a basic principle of public control in the Russian Federation, as well as the main problems related to its implementation. The author developed several prospective solutions. A. The public control institution can be incorporated into the Constitution. B. The range of public control forms can be increased. C. Positive foreign experience can be adapted to Russian realities or even incorporated into Russian legislation. D. Russia needs a special system to analyze the economic efficiency and effectiveness of individual forms of public control. E. The number of structures authorized to organize and exercise public control may be expanded. F. Any entities that hinder the implementation of public control must be subjected to stricter legal liability.
Institute of People’s Assessors in the People’s Republic of China: History and Modern Innovations
Authors: Dan'shin Aleksandr
Published: March 2024

The Institute of people’s assessors appeared in the People’s Republic of China in 1949. The research features normative acts and other official documents that regulate the development and operation of people’s courts. In China, selecting candidates for people’s assessors is considered a form of embodying the basic values of the socialist legal system. The article analyzes the conceptual foundations of the multi-stage random selection procedure. Its nature indicates a significant expansion of social composition while the democratic principles in the judicial system seem to grow in strength. The innovative nature of the modern people’s court involves some elements of jury trial, which is not typical for China. The Chinese model of people’s participation in the administration of justice is of dual nature. Its legal basis was set up in 2018 by the Law on People’s Assessors. The Chinese experience can be useful for other countries, regardless of their political and ideological foundations. The author raises a question about the possibility of using the Chinese model of the institution of people’s assessors in modern Russia.
Assessing the impact of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on the surface runoff downstream of an ungauged Bontanga watershed in Northern Ghana
Authors: Mwanga Eliafie , Shaibu Abdul-Ganiyu , Issaka Zakaria
Published: March 2024

Anthropogenic activities exacerbated by population growth, demanding land for food production and settlements, have led degradation of the Bontanga watershed. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of land use and land cover (LULC) change on the surface runoff in the Bontanga watershed from 1997 to 2022. LULC change maps for the years 1997, 2002, 2013, and 2022 were generated from Landsat images using ArcGIS, achieving overall accuracies of 92, 91.89, 95.27, and 83.64%, respectively. Surface runoff was estimated using the SCS–CN model. Correlation analysis was employed to identify predominant LULC change classes that impact surface runoff. The agricultural land and built-up area increased by 20.81% and 27.20% causing an increase in the surface runoff by 13.92 and 14.49% from 1997 to 2022. Due to anthropogenic activities, dense forest, grassland, mixed forest and shrub land, mixed shrub and grassland decreased by 20.31, 29.97, 22.51, and 25.58% causing an increase in surface runoff by 14.98, 14.06, 15.78, and 15.05%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that changes in surface runoff were positively correlated with agricultural land, and mixed forest and shrub and negatively correlated with mixed shrub and grassland, and grassland.
Atopic Dermatitis and Abrocitinib: Unraveling the Therapeutic Potential
Authors: Memon Ayesha Abdul Qadir , Nisa Habibun , Osama Muhammad , Wei Calvin R.
Published: March 2024

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic immune-mediated skin condition seriously affecting both children and adults and impacting their quality of life. This complex condition involves
genetic predisposition, immune system impairment, and environmental factors. The Janus kinase
signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway plays a key role in AD
pathogenesis and progression. Abrocitinib presents a hopeful avenue for managing moderate to
severe AD, offering significant symptom relief and potential long-term benefits. Its targeted approach to modulating the JAK-STAT pathway holds promise for improved AD management.
This comprehensive review explores AD pathogenesis, the chemistry and clinical pharmacology
of Abrocitinib, and its safety and efficacy in various trials.
Strategies of resources development in human with accessing the competitive right of the organization
Authors: Muhani Urai , Fahrizal Meizi , Nurmala Nurmala
Published: March 2024

In the context of contemporary organizations, Human Resource Development (HRD) has become a key strategy in the pursuit of competitive advantage. By referring to a variety of established studies and theories, emphasis is placed on the importance of investment in training and development, the creation of a positive organizational culture, the use of technology in learning, succession strategies and career development, as well as ongoing feedback and evaluation to drive organizational performance. The method of research carried out in this research is the study of literature by looking for literature according to the context in the research. Research results show that SDM development strategies can help organizations to adapt, grow, and gain an edge in a highly competitive and dynamic business environment.