bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corneal Epithelial Thickness Mapping: A Major Review
Authors: Abtahi Mohammad-Ali , Beheshtnejad Amir Hushang , Latifi Golshan , Akbari-Kamrani Marjan , Ghafarian Sadegh , Masoomi Ahmad , Sonbolastan Seyed Ali , Jahanbani-Ardakani Hamidreaza , Atighechian Mehrnaz , Banan Laleh , Nouri Hosein , Abtahi Seyed-Hossein
Published: January 2024

The corneal epithelium (CE) is the outermost layer of the cornea with constant turnover, relative stability, remarkable plasticity, and compensatory properties to mask alterations in the underlying stroma. The advent of quantitative imaging modalities capable of producing epithelial thickness mapping (ETM) has made it possible to characterize better the different patterns of epithelial remodeling. In this comprehensive synthesis, we reviewed all available data on ETM with different methods, including very high-frequency ultrasound (VHF-US) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in normal individuals, corneal or systemic diseases, and corneal surgical scenarios. We excluded OCT studies that manually measured the corneal epithelial thickness (CET) (e.g., by digital calipers) or the CE (e.g., by confocal scanning or handheld pachymeters). A comparison of different CET measuring technologies and devices capable of producing thickness maps is provided. Normative data on CET and the possible effects of gender, aging, diurnal changes, refraction, and intraocular pressure are discussed. We also reviewed ETM data in several corneal disorders, including keratoconus, corneal dystrophies, recurrent epithelial erosion, herpes keratitis, keratoplasty, bullous keratopathy, carcinoma in situ, pterygium, and limbal stem cell deficiency. The available data on the potential role of ETM in indicating refractive surgeries, planning the procedure, and assessing postoperative changes are reviewed. Alterations in ETM in systemic and ocular conditions such as eyelid abnormalities and dry eye disease and the effects of contact lenses, topical medications, and cataract surgery on the ETM profile are discussed.
Molecular Characterization, Phylogeny, and Expression Profiles of SoxE Subfamily in Scophthalmus maximus
Authors: Ji Qing , Guo Honglu , Shi Anxin , Wang Xingqiang , Yu Jiachen , Zhang Ziyi , Chen Jiayang , Shi Xiaowei
Published: January 2024

SOXE transcription factors, including SOX8, SOX9, and SOX10, regulate several developmental events, such as sex determination, chondrogenesis, and neurogenesis. This study systematically identified six SoxE subfamily genes from the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) genome and transcriptome, including SmSox8a, SmSox8b, SmSox9a, SmSox9b, SmSox10a, and SmSox10b. The duplicates of three SOXE members revealed that SoxE subfamily genes in the turbot underwent significant expansion. Relatively conserved exon-intron structures and intron insertions were detected using genomic structural analysis. Besides, phylogenetic analysis supported the previous classification of the SoxE subfamily. Results of the expression profile revealed that turbot SoxE subfamily genes may be involved in different activities, such as neurogenesis and gonad development. These findings would assist in the understanding of fish SoxE gene subfamily activities and evolution.
Providing a New Multiobjective Two-Layer Approach for Developing Service Restoration of a Smart Distribution System by Islanding of Faulty Area
Authors: Keshavarz Ziarani Hasan , Hosseinian Seyed Hossein , Fakharian Ahmad
Published: January 2024

One of the essential capabilities of a smart distribution network is to improve network restoration performance using the postfault islanding method. Islanding of the faulty area can be done offline and online. Online islanding will decrease load shedding and operation cost. In this study, a novel two-step mathematical method for system restoration after the fault is presented. A new mathematical model for the optimal arrangement of the system for the faulty area in the first layer is proposed. In this layer, the main objective is to decrease the distribution system’s load shedding and operational costs. In this regard, after the fault event, the boundary of the islanded MGs is determined. Then, in the second layer, the problem of unit commitment in the smart distribution network is addressed. In addition to the load shedding, optimal planning of energy storage systems (ESSs) and nondispatchable distributed generation (DG) resource rescheduling are also determined in this layer. The important advantages of the proposed approach are low execution time and operational costs. A demand response (DR) program has also been used for optimal system restoration. Solving the problem using the multiobjective method with the epsilon-constraint method is another goal of the paper, which simultaneously minimizes the cost and the emissions of the smart distribution network. The proposed model has been tested on an IEEE 33-bus system. Better performance of the proposed model compared to the techniques in the literature has been proven.
Computation of Wiener and Wiener Polarity Indices of a Class of Nanostar Dendrimer Using Vertex Weighted Graphs
Authors: Bokhary Syed Ahtsham Ul Haq , Bashir Pakeeza , Nawaz Allah , Hilali Shreefa O. , Alhagyan Mohammed , Gargouri Ameni , Almazah Mohammed M. A.
Published: January 2024

Nanostar dendrimers are tree-like nanostructures with a well-defined, symmetrical architecture. They are built in a step-by-step, controlled synthesis process, with each layer or generation building on the previous one. Dendrimers are made up of a central core, a series of repeating units or branches, and a surface group shell. A weighted graph is a type of graph in which vertices or edges are assigned weights that represent cost, distance, and a variety of other relative measuring units. The weighted graphs have many applications and properties in a mathematical context. The topological indices are numerical values that represent the symmetry of a molecular structure. They have rich applications in theoretical chemistry. Various topological indices can be used to investigate a wide range of properties of chemical compounds with a molecular structure. They are very important in mathematical chemistry, especially in quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) studies. In this paper, we examine the topological properties of the molecular graphs of nanostar dendrimers. For this purpose, the topological indices, namely, the Wiener index and the Wiener polarity index are computed for a class of nanostar dendrimers.
Social Participation of People with Chronic Mental Health Needs: Building Horizontal and Vertical Forms of Social Capital
Authors: Giuntoli Gianfranco , Fisher Karen R. , O’Shea Peri , Purcal Christiane , Zmudzki Fredrick , Dwyer Olivia
Published: January 2024

Social participation is positively related to mental health recovery and wellbeing, yet people with mental health problems are often socially isolated. This article investigates how social participation was incorporated into an Australian‐integrated program that aimed to improve the wellbeing of people with chronic mental health needs. The data are from a longitudinal evaluation of the integrated program, including data linkage (5533 participants) and interviews (111). The paper uses concepts from the network perspective of social capital (bonding, bridging, linking, horizontal, and vertical) as lenses to re‐examine the evaluation’s findings about the consumers’ social participation in life areas (social, leisure, and productive) facilitated by the program. This social capital perspective offers a lens to examine the breadth and intensity of participation experienced by the consumers taking part in the support program. The article adds to the literature about how service providers can improve social participation and therefore consumers’ opportunities for recovery and wellbeing. The analyses found that the support increased people’s social interaction and their capacity in the community. Their social interaction was mostly with other people in the service. Often their interactions in the community were only transactional. Few consumers participated in activities in productive life areas, and few of the activities promoted vertical social capital in social networks outside the service. The implications are that service providers need greater attention on facilitating a variety of social participation activities that can extend mental health consumers’ horizontal and vertical social capital and so further contribute to their current and future recovery and wellbeing.
Data from XPO1 Enables Adaptive Regulation of mRNA Export Required for Genotoxic Stress Tolerance in Cancer Cells
Authors: Marullo Rossella , Rutherford Sarah C. , Revuelta Maria V. , Zamponi Nahuel , Culjkovic-Kraljacic Biljana , Kotlov Nikita , Di Siervi Nicolás , Lara-Garcia Juan , Allan John N. , Ruan Jia , Furman Richard R. , Chen Zhengming , Shore Tsiporah B. , Phillips Adrienne A. , Mayer Sebastian , Hsu Jingmei , van Besien Koen , Leonard John P. , Borden Katherine L.B. , Inghirami Giorgio , Martin Peter , Cerchietti Leandro
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Exportin-1 (XPO1), the main soluble nuclear export receptor in eukaryotic cells, is frequently overexpressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A selective XPO1 inhibitor, selinexor, received approval as single agent for relapsed or refractory (R/R) DLBCL. Elucidating the mechanisms by which XPO1 overexpression supports cancer cells could facilitate further clinical development of XPO1 inhibitors. We uncovered here that XPO1 overexpression increases tolerance to genotoxic stress, leading to a poor response to chemoimmunotherapy. Upon DNA damage induced by MYC expression or exogenous compounds, XPO1 bound and exported EIF4E and THOC4 carrying DNA damage repair mRNAs, thereby increasing synthesis of DNA damage repair proteins under conditions of increased turnover. Consequently, XPO1 inhibition decreased the capacity of lymphoma cells to repair DNA damage and ultimately resulted in increased cytotoxicity. In a phase I clinical trial conducted in R/R DLBCL, the combination of selinexor with second-line chemoimmunotherapy was tolerated with early indication of efficacy. Overall, this study reveals that XPO1 overexpression plays a critical role in the increased tolerance of cancer cells to DNA damage while providing new insights to optimize the clinical development of XPO1 inhibitors.
Significance:
XPO1 regulates the dynamic ribonucleoprotein nuclear export in response to genotoxic stress to support tolerance and can be targeted to enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to endogenous and exogenous DNA damage.

See related commentary by Knittel and Reinhardt, p. 3
Figure S6 from Inhibition of PRL2 Upregulates PTEN and Attenuates Tumor Growth in Tp53-deficient Sarcoma and Lymphoma Mouse Models
Authors: Nguele Meke Frederick , Bai Yunpeng , Ruiz-Avila Diego , Carlock Colin , Ayub Jinan , Miao Jinmin , Hu Yanyang , Li Qinglin , Zhang Zhong-Yin
Published: January 2024

Effect of pharmacological inhibition of PRL2 in inducible Tp53-/- model on P53 and FoxO targets
Genome-wide p63-Target Gene Analyses Reveal TAp63/NRF2-Dependent Oxidative Stress Responses
Authors: Napoli Marco , Deshpande Avani A. , Chakravarti Deepavali , Rajapakshe Kimal , Gunaratne Preethi H. , Coarfa Cristian , Flores Elsa R.
Published: January 2024

The p53 family member TP63 encodes two sets of N-terminal isoforms, TAp63 and ΔNp63 isoforms. They each regulate diverse biological functions in epidermal morphogenesis and in cancer. In the skin, where their activities have been extensively characterized, TAp63 prevents premature aging by regulating the quiescence and genomic stability of stem cells required for wound healing and hair regeneration, while ΔNp63 controls maintenance and terminal differentiation of epidermal basal cells. This functional diversity is surprising given that these isoforms share a high degree of similarity, including an identical sequence for a DNA-binding domain. To understand the mechanisms of the transcriptional programs regulated by each p63 isoform and leading to diverse biological functions, we performed genome-wide analyses using p63 isoform-specific chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA sequencing, and metabolomics of TAp63−/− and ΔNp63−/− mouse epidermal cells. Our data indicate that TAp63 and ΔNp63 physically and functionally interact with distinct transcription factors for the downstream regulation of their target genes, thus ultimately leading to the regulation of unique transcriptional programs and biological processes. Our findings unveil novel transcriptomes regulated by the p63 isoforms to control diverse biological functions, including the cooperation between TAp63 and NRF2 in the modulation of metabolic pathways and response to oxidative stress providing a mechanistic explanation for the TAp63 knock out phenotypes.

Significance:

The p63 isoforms, TAp63 and ΔNp63, control epithelial morphogenesis and tumorigenesis through the interaction with distinct transcription factors and the subsequent regulation of unique transcriptional programs.
Long-Term Outcomes following Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Remain Poor: A Single-Center Comparison over Two Distinct Time Periods within the Last 15 Years in Finland
Authors: Luomajoki Juho , Mattila Laura , Laukkarinen Johanna , Ukkonen Mika
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) is a common and life-threatening condition. This study aimed to compare the causes and long-term outcomes of AUGIB over two distinct periods in the last 15 years. Methods: This population-based study included consecutive patients who underwent emergency upper endoscopy for visible bleeding in 2006 and 2016. Our primary focus was on long-term mortality up to 5 years after the endoscopy, although short-term mortality was also reported. Results: A total of 832 patients (median age 67 [12–96] years, 37% female) were included, with peptic ulcer disease (48%), esophagitis (20%), and variceal bleeding (15%) being the most common diagnoses. The incidence of AUGIB increased with age, reaching 8.31 cases per 1,000 person-years among those aged 80 years or older. Mortality rates at 30 days, 90 days, 1 year, and 5 years were 13%, 16%, 27%, and 47%, respectively. The standardized mortality ratio was high in all age groups, with particularly elevated rates observed among younger patients compared to the standard population. Variceal bleeding, liver cirrhosis, and chronic alcohol abuse were associated with the highest mortality. Only two short-term deaths were attributed to failed hemostasis. The primary causes of death were malignancies, liver failure, and cardiac failure. No improvement in outcomes was observed between the two time periods. Conclusion: Although the treatment of AUGIB may be relatively straightforward, the outcomes following treatment remain poor. High mortality can be attributed to the presence of coexisting conditions and patients’ lifestyle.
Inflammation Is More Sensitive than Cell Proliferation in Response to Rapamycin Treatment in Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yang Ming , Lv Jiayi , Gong Chanjuan , Xue Cheng , Fu Lili , Chen Shunjie , Mei Changlin
Published: January 2024

Introduction: It has been reported that rapamycin inhibited inflammation in renal interstitial diseases. We therefore hypothesized that rapamycin could attenuate inflammation in polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Methods: Han:SPRD rats were treated with rapamycin by daily gavage from 4 weeks to 12 weeks of age at the dosage of 0.5 mg/kg/day (low dose) or 1 mg/kg/day (high dose). WT9-12 human PKD cells were treated with various concentrations of rapamycin. Results: Two-kidney/total body weight ratio and cystic index in Cy/+ kidneys were significantly reduced with the treatment of low-dose rapamycin and further reduced by the treatment with high-dose rapamycin. However, the renal function of Cy/+ rats was equally improved by the treatment with either low-dose or high-dose rapamycin. The renal cell proliferation was significantly decreased in Cy/+ kidneys with the treatment of low-dose rapamycin and was further decreased with the treatment of high-dose rapamycin as examined by Ki67 staining. The phosphorylation of S6K in cystic kidneys was decreased by low-dose rapamycin and further decreased by high-dose rapamycin. Both low-dose and high-dose rapamycin treatment decreased macrophage infiltration and the expression of complement factor B (CFB), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) to a similar level. The expression of CFB, MCP-1, and TNF-α and phosphorylation of S6K were inhibited in WT9-12 cells treated with 10 nm rapamycin at 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Moreover, the phosphorylation of Akt was not increased by 1 nm and 10 nm of rapamycin and enhanced by 1 μm rapamycin treatment. Interestingly, WT9-12 cell proliferation could be inhibited by 1 μm rapamycin. Conclusion: Low dose of rapamycin could inhibit inflammation and protect renal function in PKD. Inflammation is more sensitive than cell proliferation in response to rapamycin treatment in PKD.
BANP Participates in the Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Senescence of Vascular Endothelial Cells by Promoting P53 Phosphorylation and Nuclear Retention
Authors: Li Xinxin , Zhao Cuiting , Liu Wen , Zhu Qing , Mu Lixin , Ma Chunyan
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The objective of this study was to examine the potential induction of senescence in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a defining characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This investigation seeks to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with OSA, with a particular focus on CIH-induced vascular aging. Methods: The BioSpherix-OxyCycler system was used to establish models of CIH in both rats and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). To assess VECs’ senescence, various methods were employed including EdU incorporation assay, cell cycle analysis, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, and senescence protein testing. Vascular aging was evaluated through measurements of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, intima-media thickness, and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining. In order to identify the molecular mechanisms associated with CIH-induced senescence in VECs, a bioinformatics study was conducted utilizing the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Results: Under conditions of CIH, HUVECs exhibited inhibited proliferation, arrested cell cycle, increased activity of SA-β-gal, and elevated expression levels of p53 and p21 compared to HUVECs under normoxic conditions. Similarly, rats exposed to CIH displayed increased carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, intima-media thickness, vascular permeability, and SA-β-gal activity in VECs, along with decreased expression of arterial Ki67. BTG3-associated protein (BANP) was found to be highly expressed in CIH-induced VECs. Furthermore, the overexpression of BANP resulted in the senescence of VECs, along with elevated levels of p53 phosphorylation and nuclear localization. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that CIH can induce VECs senescence and contribute to vascular aging. Additionally, BANP can induce VECs senescence by promoting p53 phosphorylation and nuclear retention. These discoveries offer novel insights into the increased cardiovascular risk associated with OSA, thereby presenting new possibilities for therapeutic intervention.
Multiletramentos no ensino de argumentação emancipadora
Authors: Araújo Júlio Cézar Dantas de , Azevedo Glícia , Morais Débora Praxedes
Published: January 2024

As práticas comunicativas da sociedade contemporânea requerem usos sociais da lingua(gem) que ressignificam a leitura e a escrita convencionais. Nessas práticas, incluem-se situações em que, para agir no mundo em busca de garantia de direitos, precisamos argumentar. Cientes da necessidade de investimento nessas práticas, este artigo analisa a potencialidade dos multiletramentos no ensino de argumentação como prática social emancipadora, viabilizado por um projeto de letramento (PL) desenvolvido em uma turma do 5o ano dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública norte-rio-grandense. Para tal, utilizamos um recorte dos dados focalizado na rede de atividades e de gêneros discursivos que emergiu no desenrolar do citado PL. Os resultados da análise sinalizam tanto para a ressignificação das práticas de ler, escrever, escutar, falar e oralizar textos impressos, digitais, multissemióticos, multimidiáticos quanto para o potencial dos multiletramentos para transformar professoras e estudantes em agentes que argumentam com vistas a mudanças sociais, ponto central no ensino de argumentação em uma perspectiva emancipadora.
Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral and Gut Immune Cell-Mediated Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Nephropathy
Authors: Saleem Mohammad , Masenga Sepiso K. , Ishimwe Jeanne A. , Demirci Mert , Ahmad Taseer , Jamison Sydney , Albritton Claude F. , Mwesigwa Naome , Porcia Haynes Alexandria , White Jalyn , Neikirk Kit , Vue Zer , Hinton Antentor , Arshad Suha , Desta Selam , Kirabo Annet
Published: January 2024

Hypertension is the primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular, renal, and cerebrovascular diseases and is considered the main contributing factor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 50% of hypertensive and 25% of normotensive people exhibit salt sensitivity of blood pressure, which is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Human and animal studies demonstrate that the immune system plays an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of salt sensitivity of blood pressure, kidney damage, and vascular diseases. Antigen-presenting and adaptive immune cells are implicated in salt-sensitive hypertension and salt-induced renal and vascular injury. Elevated sodium activates antigen-presenting cells to release proinflammatory cytokines including IL (interleukin) 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and accumulate isolevuglandin-protein adducts. In turn, these activate T cells release prohypertensive cytokines including IL-17A. Moreover, high-salt intake is associated with gut dysbiosis, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and blood pressure elevation but the mechanistic contribution to salt-sensitivity of blood pressure is not clearly understood. Here, we discuss recent advances in research investigating the cause, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for salt-sensitive hypertension as they pertain to the gut microbiome, immunity, and inflammation.
Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Cancer Survivors
Authors: Li Wenjie , Wang Zhiyan , Jiang Chao , Hua Chang , Tang Yangyang , Zhang Hao , Liu Xinru , Zheng Shiyue , Wang Yufeng , Gao Mingyang , Lv Qiang , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng , Du Xin
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

To evaluate whether cancer modifies the effect of intensive blood pressure control on major cardiovascular outcomes.

METHODS:

Using data of the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), we compared the risk of the composite outcomes of myocardial infarction, other acute coronary syndromes, stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular death in patients with and without a history of cancer. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we tested interactions between history of cancer and intensive blood pressure control on major cardiovascular outcomes.

RESULTS:

The study included a total of 9336 patients, with a mean age of 67.9±9.4 years, among whom 2066 (22.2%) were cancer survivors. Over a median follow-up of 3.2 years, 561 primary cardiovascular outcomes were observed. Cancer survivors had a similar risk of experiencing the primary outcome compared with patients without cancer after multivariable adjustment (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.77–1.15]). Intensive blood pressure control reduced risk of the primary cardiovascular outcome similarly for cancer survivors (hazard ratio, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.51–0.97]) and patients without cancer (HR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.63–0.93];
P
for interaction 0.74).

CONCLUSIONS:

In SPRINT study, intensive blood pressure treatment reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events in cancer survivors to a similar extent to that of patients without cancer. Cancer history not requiring active treatment in last 2 years should not be an obstacle to intensive treatment of hypertension. This post hoc analysis should be considered as hypothesis-generating and merit further clinical trial.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01206062.
Associative Visuomotor Learning Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Induces Stimulus–Response Interference
Authors: Held Leslie K. , Cracco Emiel , Bardi Lara , Kiraga Maggie , Cristianelli Elio , Brass Marcel , Abrahamse Elger L. , Braem Senne
Published: January 2024

Classical conditioning states that the systematic co-occurrence of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus can cause the neutral stimulus to, over time, evoke the same response as the unconditioned stimulus. On a neural level, Hebbian learning suggests that this type of learning occurs through changes in synaptic plasticity when two neurons are simultaneously active, resulting in increased connectivity between them. Inspired by associative learning theories, we here investigated whether the mere co-activation of visual stimuli and stimulation of the primary motor cortex using TMS would result in stimulus–response associations that can impact future behavior. During a learning phase, we repeatedly paired the presentation of a specific color (but not other colors) with a TMS pulse over the motor cortex. Next, participants performed a two-alternative forced-choice task where they had to categorize simple shapes and we studied whether the shapes' task-irrelevant color (and its potentially associated involuntary motor activity) affected the required motor response. Participants showed more errors on incongruent trials for stimuli that were previously paired with high intensity TMS pulses, but only when tested on the same day. Using a drift diffusion model for conflict tasks, we further demonstrate that this interference occurred early, and gradually increased as a function of associated TMS intensity. Taken together, our findings show that the human brain can learn stimulus–response associations using externally induced motor cortex stimulation. Although we were inspired by the Hebbian learning literature, future studies should investigate whether Hebbian or other learning processes were also what brought about this effect.
The Early Subcortical Response at the Fundamental Frequency of Speech Is Temporally Separated from Later Cortical Contributions
Authors: Schüller Alina , Schilling Achim , Krauss Patrick , Reichenbach Tobias
Published: January 2024

Most parts of speech are voiced, exhibiting a degree of periodicity with a fundamental frequency and many higher harmonics. Some neural populations respond to this temporal fine structure, in particular at the fundamental frequency. This frequency-following response to speech consists of both subcortical and cortical contributions and can be measured through EEG as well as through magnetoencephalography (MEG), although both differ in the aspects of neural activity that they capture: EEG is sensitive to both radial and tangential sources as well as to deep sources, whereas MEG is more restrained to the measurement of tangential and superficial neural activity. EEG responses to continuous speech have shown an early subcortical contribution, at a latency of around 9 msec, in agreement with MEG measurements in response to short speech tokens, whereas MEG responses to continuous speech have not yet revealed such an early component. Here, we analyze MEG responses to long segments of continuous speech. We find an early subcortical response at latencies of 4–11 msec, followed by later right-lateralized cortical activities at delays of 20–58 msec as well as potential subcortical activities. Our results show that the early subcortical component of the FFR to continuous speech can be measured from MEG in populations of participants and that its latency agrees with that measured with EEG. They furthermore show that the early subcortical component is temporally well separated from later cortical contributions, enabling an independent assessment of both components toward further aspects of speech processing.
Disappearing repositories: Taking an infrastructure perspective on the long-term availability of research data
Authors: Strecker Dorothea , Pampel Heinz , Schabinger Rouven , Weisweiler Nina Leonie
Published: January 2024

Currently, there is limited research investigating the phenomenon of research data repositories being shut down, and the impact this has on the long-term availability of data. This paper takes an infrastructure perspective on the preservation of research data by using a registry to identify 191 research data repositories that have been closed and presenting information on the shutdown process. The results show that 6.2% of research data repositories indexed in the registry were shut down. The risks resulting in repository shutdown are varied. The median age of a repository when shutting down is 12 years. Strategies to prevent data loss at the infrastructure level are pursued to varying extent. Of the repositories in the sample, 44% migrated data to another repository and 12% maintain limited access to their data collection. However, neither strategy is a permanent solution. Finally, the general lack of information on repository shutdown events as well as the effect on the findability of data and the permanence of the scholarly record are discussed.
Unreviewed science in the news: The evolution of preprint media coverage from 2014–2021
Authors: Fleerackers Alice , Shores Kenneth , Chtena Natascha , Alperin Juan Pablo
Published: January 2024

It has been argued that preprint coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic constituted a paradigm shift in journalism norms and practices. This study examines whether and in what ways this is the case using a sample of 11,538 preprints posted on four preprint servers—bioRxiv, medRxiv, arXiv, and SSRN—that received coverage in 94 English-language media outlets between 2014 and 2021. We compared mentions of these preprints with mentions of a comparison sample of 397,446 peer-reviewed research articles indexed in the Web of Science to identify changes in the share of media coverage that mentioned preprints before and during the pandemic. We found that preprint media coverage increased at a slow but steady rate prepandemic, then spiked dramatically. This increase applied only to COVID-19-related preprints, with minimal change in coverage of preprints on other topics. The rise in preprint coverage was most pronounced among health and medicine-focused media outlets, which barely covered preprints before the pandemic but mentioned more COVID-19 preprints than outlets focused on any other topic. These results suggest that the growth in coverage of preprints seen during the pandemic may imply only a temporary shift in journalistic norms, including a changing outlook on reporting preliminary, unvetted research.
One new species of the genus Ocellarnaca Gorochov, 2004 (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: SU JIE , ZHANG TAO , SHI FUMING
Published: January 2024

This paper reports one new species of the genus Ocellarance Gorochov, 2004 from Yunnan, China, i.e. Ocellarnaca virida sp. nov. Diagnostic illustrations are provided. The type specimen is deposited in the Museum of Hebei University.
“A Life Slips Through Our Fingers” Experiences of Nurses Working in Pediatric Intensive Care Units About Children’s Death: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Özsavran Musa , Kurt Aylin , Ayyıldız Tülay Kuzlu , Gül Zeynep
Published: January 2024

Caring for a dying child can be an experience full of all kinds of negative emotions, pain and stress for the pediatric nurse. In this study, which was carried out in Turkey, we aimed to determine how nurses working in a pediatric intensive care unit remembered and made sense of their experiences regarding children’s deaths. In-depth interviews were held with 13 nurses. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method. Three themes were identified. These were (1) Personal effects of death, (2) Difficulties in care, and (3) Coping with death. It was clear that the nurses were traumatised by their exposure to infant deaths. The findings showed that nurses experienced regret, fatigue and posttraumatic stress disorder. In addition, it was determined that nurses should be supported to cope with child deaths, which is a complicated process involving the child and the family, especially emotionally. Moreover, providing institutional support to nurses and referring them to cognitive-behavioral therapies may make it easier for them to cope with the emotional burden they carry, as well as the burnout they experience.
Important Recommendations Regarding the Test-and-Treat Strategy for Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children
Authors: Kakiuchi Toshihiko
Published: January 2024

Helicobacter pylori is a commonly encountered pathogen in medical practice. It causes chronic gastritis in patients of different ages. Many published papers have provided different opinions on whether the test-and-treat strategy for H. pylori infection should be implemented in children. It is critical that the opinion in favor of this strategy was published in Europe, where ESPGHAN/NASPGHAN guidelines have not recommended the use of test-and-treat strategy for H. pylori in children. Herein, I propose my opinion regarding this debate using 4 main points. First, this strategy should be implemented in areas where its benefits outweigh the associated risks. Thus, if it is not tailored to the locality, the results of the test-and-treat strategy for H. pylori in children may be erroneous. Second, the association between H. pylori infection and other diseases such as asthma and other allergic diseases should not be factored in when considering the test-and-treat strategy. This is because these diseases are associated with H. pylori noninfection and not with its posteradication status. Third, there is evidence that H. pylori infection can significantly alter children’s intestinal microbiota. Finally, gastroscopy should not be performed in all H. pylori-positive children, particularly if the drug susceptibility test is not available. In the near future, it will be possible to easily conduct drug susceptibility tests for H. pylori using fecal samples. I believe that this report may expand the test-and-treat strategy for children infected with asymptomatic H. pylori outside of Japan and prevent not only gastric cancer but also minor diseases such as iron deficiency anemia, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and failure to thrive. Pediatricians are responsible for keeping children healthy not only during childhood but also in adulthood. Thus, even if there are only a few H. pylori-related diseases and no severe cases in children, it is necessary to take early measures to prevent problems (eg, incidence of gastric cancer) in adulthood.
CEO Political Contribution and Accounting Conservatism
Authors: Cheng C. S. Agnes , Huang Wenli , Li Shuo , Zhang Yu (Tony)
Published: January 2024

This study investigates whether CEO political contribution, as a measure of CEO political ideology, is associated with a firm’s financial reporting policies in accounting conservatism. Using a sample of federal-level political contributions by CEOs in S&P 500 firms, we find that firms with Republican-leaning CEOs, who tend to have conservative ideology, are associated with a higher degree of accounting conservatism than firms with Democratic-leaning CEOs. We further show that changes in political ideology around CEO turnovers are associated with changes in the firm’s accounting conservatism policies. Our results are robust to a battery of robustness tests. Taken together, our findings are consistent with the assertion of upper echelons theory and suggest that managers with political preference have discretion to translate their personal risk attitude into corporate financial reporting decisions.
The challenges of pseudo-nationalism and the lessons from intellectual history
Authors: Lilla Mark
Published: January 2024

This article questions whether past experience with nationalisms rooted in history, language, custom and religion will be much of a guide to pseudo-nationalisms that arise in a globalized age with increasingly ‘liquid’ societies.
Mechanochemical ablation: disappointing long-term anatomic results and worsening symptoms
Authors: Blebea John
Published: January 2024

An updated report on the five-year results in the treatment of great saphenous vein incompetence with mechanochemical ablation (MOCA) provides additional evidence for higher rates of anatomic recanalization compared to other treatment modalities and progressive worsening of symptoms with time.
Weaker Quadriceps Muscle Strength With a Quadriceps Tendon Graft Compared With a Patellar or Hamstring Tendon Graft at 7 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Holmgren David , Noory Shiba , Moström Eva , Grindem Hege , Stålman Anders , Wörner Tobias
Published: January 2024

Background:

Impaired quadriceps muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is associated with worse clinical outcomes and a risk of reinjuries. Yet, we know little about quadriceps muscle strength in patients reconstructed with a quadriceps tendon (QT) graft, which is increasing in popularity worldwide.

Purpose:

To describe and compare isokinetic quadriceps strength in patients undergoing ACLR with a QT, hamstring tendon (HT), or bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) autograft.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We included patients with QT grafts (n = 104) and matched them to patients with HT (n = 104) and BPTB (n = 104) grafts based on age, sex, and associated meniscal surgery. Data were collected through clinical strength testing at a mean of 7 ± 1 months postoperatively. Isokinetic strength was measured at 90 deg/s, and quadriceps strength was expressed as the limb symmetry index (LSI) for peak torque, total work, torque at 30° of knee flexion, and time to peak torque.

Results:

Patients with QT grafts had the most impaired isokinetic quadriceps strength, with the LSI ranging between 67.5% and 75.1%, followed by those with BPTB grafts (74.4%-81.5%) and HT grafts (84.0%-89.0%). Patients with QT grafts had a significantly lower LSI for all variables compared with patients with HT grafts (mean difference: peak torque: −17.4% [95% CI, −21.7 to −13.2], P < .001; total work: −15.9% [95% CI, −20.6 to −11.1], P < .001; torque at 30° of knee flexion: −8.8% [95% CI, −14.7 to −2.9], P = .001; time to peak torque: −17.7% [95% CI, −25.8 to −9.6], P < .001). Compared with patients with BPTB grafts, patients with QT grafts had a significantly lower LSI for all variables (mean difference: peak torque: −6.9% [95% CI, −11.2 to −2.7], P < .001; total work: −7.7% [95% CI, −12.4 to −2.9], P < .001; torque at 30° of knee flexion: −6.3% [95% CI, −12.2 to −0.5], P = .03; time to peak torque: −8.8% [95% CI, −16.9 to −0.7], P = .03). None of the graft groups reached a mean LSI of >90% for peak torque (QT: 67.5% [95% CI, 64.8-70.1]; HT: 84.9% [95% CI, 82.4-87.4]; BPTB: 74.4% [95% CI, 72.0-76.9]).

Conclusion:

At 7 months after ACLR, patients with QT grafts had significantly worse isokinetic quadriceps strength than patients with HT and BPTB grafts. None of the 3 graft groups reached a mean LSI of >90% in quadriceps strength.
Outcomes of Arthroscopic Latarjet as a Revision Surgery After Failed Arthroscopic Bankart Repair
Authors: Calvo Emilio , Dzidzishvili Lika , Valencia María , Calvo Claudio
Published: January 2024

Background:

The role of arthroscopic Latarjet as a revision surgery after failed arthroscopic Bankart repair has yet to be established.

Purpose:

To compare clinical outcomes, recurrences, and complication rates of arthroscopic Latarjet as a revision procedure after failed arthroscopic Bankart repair versus arthroscopic Latarjet as a primary procedure.

Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

This is a retrospective study of prospectively collected data of patients who were diagnosed with anterior shoulder instability and underwent arthroscopic Latarjet stabilization between 2009 and 2018. Patients were separated into 2 groups depending on whether Latarjet was performed after a previous instability surgery (revision) or as a primary surgery (primary). Rowe score, Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI), Constant-Murley Shoulder Outcome (CMSO) score, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) were assessed pre- and postoperatively with a minimum 24 months of follow-up. In addition, pre- and postoperative levels of sports activity, dislocations, subluxations, and complications were assessed.

Results:

A total of 97 patients (n = 62 revision; n = 35 primary), with a mean age of 31.0 ± 8.8 and 29.4 ± 7.6 years old in the revision and primary Latajet group, respectively, met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up in the revision group was 32 months (24-53) and 35.5 months (27.7-42.2) in the primary Latarjet group. No significant differences between groups were observed in Rowe score (revision = 91.4, primary = 94.1; P = .223), CMSO score (revision = 90.7, primary = 94; P = .105), and SANE (revision = 85.8, primary = 87.3; P = .683) postoperatively. However, the postoperative difference in the WOSI score between the revision and primary Latarjet groups was nearly significant (510 ± 334 vs 403 ± 343, respectively; P = .05). Four (6.4%) postoperative dislocations were reported in the revision and 1 (2.8%) in the primary Latarjet group ( P = .14). Patients in the revision group had a lower return to the previous level of sports participation ( P = .008) and decreased external rotation with the arm by the side compared with the primary Latarjet group ( P = .000).

Conclusion:

Arthroscopic Latarjet as a revision surgery is a reasonable surgical option in failed Bankart repair cases. The decision to perform arthroscopic Latarjet stabilization as a revision surgery should not be influenced by the potential risk of future complications as it provides comparable clinical outcomes to the primary Latarjet procedure with a low postoperative recurrence rate. However, a decreased level of postoperative sports participation and external rotation with the arm by the side can be expected.
Hip Arthroscopic Surgery With Chondrolabral Refixation, Osteochondroplasty, and Routine Capsular Closure for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: Clinical Outcomes at a Minimum 10-Year Follow-up
Authors: Allahabadi Sachin , Chapman Reagan S. , Fenn Thomas W. , Brusalis Christopher M. , Kaplan Daniel J. , Nho Shane J.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Hip arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) has proven to be an effective surgical intervention, with high rates of return to sport and work as well as favorable outcomes at short- and midterm follow-up. However, limited data exist on outcomes at long-term follow-up.

Purpose:

To evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at a minimum 10-year follow-up after primary hip arthroscopic surgery including labral repair, femoral osteochondroplasty, acetabular osteochondroplasty, and capsular closure for FAIS.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS between June 2012 and January 2013 were identified. PROs were collected preoperatively and at a minimum of 10 years postoperatively, including the Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), Hip Outcome Score–Sports Subscale (HOS-SS), modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), International Hip Outcome Tool–12 (iHOT-12), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and satisfaction. Unique minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) thresholds were calculated, and their rates of achievement were analyzed. An alpha level of <.05 was used to determine statistical significance.

Results:

A total of 94 patients (55 female; mean age, 34.3 ± 12.4 years) were analyzed with a mean follow-up of 10.1 ± 0.3 years (range, 10.0-10.7 years). Patients demonstrated significant 10-year improvement across all PRO measures ( P < .001). MCID and PASS thresholds were calculated as follows: HOS-ADL (10.4 and 85.3, respectively), HOS-SS (14.6 and 60.2, respectively), mHHS (8.8 and 76.0, respectively), VAS pain (14.6 and 27.5, respectively), and iHOT-12 (PASS: 71.4). The majority of patients achieved the MCID and PASS for each PRO measure: HOS-ADL (73.4% and 70.9%, respectively), HOS-SS (78.5% and 77.2%, respectively), mHHS (81.0% and 70.9%, respectively), VAS pain (88.6% and 70.9%, respectively), and iHOT-12 (PASS: 73.4%). Overall, 9 patients (9.6%) underwent subsequent revision hip arthroscopic surgery at a mean 4.9 ± 3.7 years (range, 1.1-10.1 years) postoperatively, and 6 patients (6.4%) underwent conversion to total hip arthroplasty at a mean 4.1 ± 3.1 years (range, 0.9-9.3 years) postoperatively.

Conclusion:

Patients who underwent primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS utilizing contemporary methods of labral repair, acetabular and/or femoral osteochondroplasty, and capsular closure commonly experienced sustained clinical improvement and reported high levels of satisfaction at a minimum 10-year follow-up with low rates of reoperation.
From Transportation Equity to Accessibility Capability: A New Framework to Guide Transportation Planning for Older People
Authors: Li Shengxiao (Alex)
Published: January 2024

Despite increasing attention to theories in transportation equity, few focus on specific social groups, such as older people. Scholars and practitioners need to better understand the implications that residential location, access to transportation, and technology resources have for older people's quality of life. Drawing on literature from urban planning, gerontology, and public health, I develop a framework, accessibility capability, that will support the planning of future transportation systems and neighborhoods to accommodate older people's travel needs. Scholars and practitioners can benefit from this critical synthesis of literature as they consider how to build more age-friendly cities and communities.
COVID vaccine–induced lupus nephritis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Salas Antonio , Fatola Ayotola , Krimins Rebecca , Kamel Ihab R , Geetha Duvuru , Fine Derek , Monroy-Trujillo Manny , Rosenberg Avi , Arend Lois , Timlin Homa
Published: January 2024

Vaccines offer an effective strategy to prevent infectious diseases with minimal adverse effects. On rare occasions, vaccination can disrupt the immune response leading to induction of autoimmune diseases. We describe a case of new-onset lupus nephritis following COVID-19 vaccination with the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine. Her symptoms and lab values improved with steroids, hydroxychloroquine, and mycophenolate mofetil.