bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precocious Utilisation at Reproduction of Female Youth Sheep From Ţigaie Breed
Authors: Pascal Constantin , Atanasiu Traian Stefan , Nechifor Ionica , Cristian Costica
Published: December 2016

Ovine rearing represents a domain being in a full development process in Romania. At the base of this tendency are the solicitation of local and external markets for basic production, respectively meat and milk. To record favourable economical results farmers wants to apply the most optimal technologies so, economical efficiency to reach a maximum level for each female which is part of the livestock (Pascal, 2015, Daraban  2006 ). One of those technologies refers also at precocious utilisation at reproduction of a female youth. So, the aim of effectuated research was represented by studying of possibilities for utilization at reproduction of female youth at an age still from the first year of life.Biologic material was represented by domestic ovine, from Ţigaie breed, reared in different farms situated in the North-East part of Romania. Experimental batches were formed by females with different ages, but all of them being utilized for the first time at mating. Respecting those demands were formed three batches differentially by age between them, which had, at the moment of utilization for reproduction, 9 months (L1), 18 months (L2) and 22 months (L3). Control batch was formed by adult females belonging to the same breed (LM). In the current research were tracked more aspects, the most important being the ones in which were analyzed the influence of sheep’ age on specific indexes of reproduction function, on the total duration of gestation and on further corporal development of youth females. The obtained data were statistically processed using ANOVA software, and for determination of differences and their signification were utilized Fisher and Tukey tests. The obtained results allow us to enlightened the fact that even, in case of batches formed by female youth, the mean values for studied parameters were very close to the ones specific to adult sheep, differences are significant in majority of situations for p >0.01.
ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF PLEUROTUS ERYNGII AND LENTINUS EDODES HYDRO-ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS
Authors: Popa Gabriela , Voaides Catalina , Cornea Petruta , Zagrean Valentin
Published: December 2016

Besides superior nutritional values mushrooms posed significant medicinal properties. Hydro-alcoholic extracts of several isolates of Pleurotus eryngii and Lentinus edodes mushroom species were investigated for their antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microorganisms with medicinal importance. Antimicrobial activities of the extracts were evaluated by the agar disk diffusion method. Results revealed that the 70% ethylic alcohol extracts have significant inhibitory activities against Bacillus subtilis var. spizizinii, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the 70% ethanol extracts of Pleurotus eryngii and Lentinus edodes mushroom isolates may have biopharmaceutical potentiality.
MINERAL PROFILE EVOLUTION OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS WITH ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS
Authors: Pasca Claudia , Marghitas Liviu Alexandru , Dezmirean Daniel Severus , Bobiș Otilia , Bonta Victorita , Mihăiescu Tania , Chirila Flore , Fit Nicodim
Published: December 2016

Individual minerals and antibacterial activity were investigated in 5 medicinal plants (pot marigold - Calendula officinalis, burdock - Arctium lappa, celandine - Chelidonium majus, basil- Ocimum basilicum, thyme - Thymus vulgaris) using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) technique and antibiogram  method. The antibacterial susceptibility has been evaluated over 12 strains isolated from milk microflora, belonging to Staphylococcus, Vibrio, Serratia and Bacillus genera. The obtained results show the best antibacterial effect with  Arctium lappa ethanol extracts, having inhibition areas of 6.3 to 17.5 mm, with an average of 9.0 mm and the highest determined mineral being Calcium. The results obtained open the prospect of using these medicinal plants as an alternative to be used for the control and cure of some mineral deficiencies or for preventing various diseases of the animals.
Antibacterial Activity of Pollen Extracts on Pathogenic Microflora from Milk
Authors: Marghitas Liviu Alexandru , Pasca Claudia , Dezmirean Daniel Severus , Bobiș Otilia , Bonta Victorita , Margaoan Rodica , Chirila Flore , Fit Nicodim
Published: December 2016

Bee-pollen was used for thousands of years as functional food and medicinal plant product. Various beneficial effects were attributed to it and its consumption was increased over the years. The tests have been made on 16 pollen samples of the following families: Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Fabaceae, Tiliaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae and two polifloral pollen assortment, using difuzimetric method. Among the tested bacteria, the Onobrychis viciifolia pollen has the highest sensitivity 11.86±1.79 mm while the low antibacterial activity was registered for Brassica sp. pollen  8.65±2.65 mm. As the use of antibiotic substances over a long period of time resulted in larger doses of residues in milk and representing a potential biohazard, the use of ethanol extracts from beepollen is a real alternative in the treatment of cows with various diseases.
Preparation and Quality Evaluation of Gluten-Free Biscuits
Authors: Man Simona Maria , Paucean Adriana , Muste Sevastita
Published: December 2016

The aglutenics biscuits are intended to those persons who are suffering due to gluten intolerance, also named celiac disease. The fabrication technologies of the aglutenics products can be developed in on two ways: by separating the gluten from the grain or by replacing the grain flour with other types of gluten less flour, in case of bakery and pastry products. In this experiment, the gluten-free biscuits were obtained from the following flours mixture: maize flour (MF), rice flour (RF) and soybeans flour (SF). Other raw materials were used, such as: palmtree oil, honey, maize starch, eggs, sugar powdered, vanilla essence and sodium bicarbonate. Four experimental variants (gluten-free biscuits) were obtained by varying the proportion of flours ; these variants were coded as follows T1, T2 T3 and T4. The optimization of the aglutenics biscuits manufacture recipe was realized through sensory analyze, using the hedonic test (9 point scale). Samples of biscuits was subjected to the following physico-chemical analysis: moisture content, alkalinity, total carbohydrate content, total fat and protein content. Also the physical properties (length, width, thickness, weight and spread ratio) were determined in order to asses the blending influence on the biscuits quality. The blend with flour levels 30:30:40 (MF:RF:SF) led to the highest acceptability.
Bioeconomy and Green Economy: European Strategies, Action Plans and Impact on Life Quality
Authors: Socaciu Carmen
Published: December 2016

The review presents the definitions, the main concepts and vision for Bioeconomy versus Green economy. The key aspects which are discussed refers to European strategy and action plans (1), Bioeconomy and agriculture orientation (2), Biorefinery for a better life quality (3) and involvement of education, research and innovation for the progress of Bioeconomy (4). There are described the main challenges, requirements, aims related to the integration of bioeconomy in different economic sectors, the strategic plans and activities at global level  with specific consideration for European member states. Innovation and the need of an integrative knowledge, creating translational bridges and covering gaps by sustainable interdisciplinary research and technology development are  also discussed. Considering the vital links betweeen research - innovation and technlogy transfer, for the bioeconomy progress, relevant examples will be presented, related to  European programs (2014-2020), e.g. Horizon 2020,  European Innovation partnership (EIP) and Partnerships Public-Private (PPP). The role of universities, as best providers of education and research will be underlined with a strong focus on the need to develop the entrepreunership culture and their role as knowledge and innovation disseminator, filling the gap research­-invention­­-innovation.
The Establish of the Coliforms/cm2 on the Area of Cattle Carcass Air Drying
Authors: Tibulca Dorin , Salagean Claudiu Dan , Jimborean Mirela
Published: December 2016

Coliforms present in 1 cm2 of carcass surface shows the degree of contamination during slaughtering as well as the hygienic condition of the air, the slaughtering hall, the equipment getting in contact with the carcasses, of the utensils, operators’ work equipment, of the operators’ hygiene. The indicator is determined by inoculating microorganisms from the carcasses surface in nutritional and selective environments, followed by their placing under heat control and counting of the microorganisms.
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of the Fir Buds Syrup
Authors: Deac Liana Mariana , Farcas Anca , Vodnar Dan C. , Tofana Maria , Socaci Sonia
Published: December 2016

The fir buds as well as the fir buds extracts (such as fir buds syrup) are used in traditional medicine and phytotheraphy for the alleviation of light to medium forms of respiratory diseases and for the prophylaxis or treatment of some childhood disorders. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the two types fir buds syrups (cold pressed and boiled) taken into study were demonstrated by its content in vitamin C, flavonoids and by the inhibitory effect on E.coli, B. cereus, S.aureus, L. monocytogenes, Salmonella thypi.
Studies regarding the influence of brown flaxseed flour addition in wheat flour of a very good quality for bread making on bread quality
Authors: CODINA Georgiana Gabriela , MIRONEASA Silvia , TODOSI-SANDULEAC Elena
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to incorporate brown flaxseed into bread in order to improve it quality. For this purpose, different levels of whole ground brown flaxseed (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were used to substitute wheat flour 650 type of a very good quality for bread making. The bread samples obtained were analyzed from the physical, colour, crumb cell, textural and sensory characteristics point of view. Samples containing 10% of brown flaxseed were with the highest values for loaf volume, porosity and elasticity. The control sample had lowerest redness and greenness value. The maximum hardness was found for bread with 20% brown flaxseed addition. With the increase level of brown flaxseed addition large cells can be noticed in crumb structure of bread. Samples containing 20% of flaxseed were rated poorest in tase, texture, overall acceptability, appearance. Our results indicated that brown flaxseed addition could be added to a typical bread formulation up to levels of 10% with a good overall acceptability offering promising healthy and nutritious alternative to consumers. Between bread flour characteristics at different brown flaxseed flour substitution levels principal component analysis shown significant correlations (p < 0.05) between bread physical characteristics (loaf volume, porosity, elasticity) and bread  overall acceptability.
Stability of Carotenoids in Dried Apricots (Prunus Armeniaca L.) During Storage
Authors: POP Elena Andreea , BUNEA Andrea , COPACIU Florina , SOCACIU Carmen , PINTEA Adela
Published: December 2016

Apricots are well known for the high content of bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamins and minerals. Several studies have pointed out the chemical composition or the biological effects of apricots, but limited information are available regarding the stability of active compounds during storage or processing. The aim of this study was to determine the stability of major carotenoids in commercial dried apricots during storage.Carotenoids were extracted monthly from dried apricots kept in a dark environment, at room temperature, for twelve months. Total carotenoids were determined using the spectrophotometric method while the most relevant carotenoids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) on a C30 column and using a gradient elution system.Initial carotenoid content of dried fruits was 6.72 mg/100g, while after six months of storage it decreased to 2.46 mg/100g. After twelve months of storage the total carotenoid content was 0.82 mg/100g, representing 20.35 % of the initial concentration. The major carotenoids identified in apricots were: all trans β-carotene, its geometrical isomers (9-cis-β-carotene; 13-cis-β-carotene; 9,13-di-cis β-carotene); β-carotene-5,8-epoxide; β-cryptoxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin palmitate. Significant decreases were observed for all pigments but all trans β-carotene appears to be the most sensitive pigment, with 15.7 % residual concentration. Although the concentrations of β-cryptoxanthin palmitate is small, it has shown significant increased stability compared to carotenes.
Personalised nutritional powder for elderly developed in OPTIFEL European Project
Authors: TRIF Monica , MURESAN Lavinia , BETHKE Malte
Published: December 2016

A personalized nutritional powder for elderly containing minerals and vitamins was developed by CENTIV GmbH for further applications in the FP7 European OFTIFEL project by designing and processing of novel food products such as nutrient dense smoothie products. The amount of the powder used for each person, in each product, is calculated using a food calculator, which was developed within the same FP7 European OFTIFEL project, named OPTIFEL Personalised Nutritional Calculator.The personalized nutritional powder consisting of several minerals and vitamins, has been agglomerated in a Fluid Bed Dryer using maltodextrin as carrier, in order to obtain a higher solubility, homogenization of all the nutrients, a desired supplement with a neutral taste, free of color and which can be added in any drinks or food matrix for enrichment in a certain concentration. It will not influence the final taste and has great solubility.Developing innovative food and services tailored to elderly populations is a new challenge for key players involved in food industry and catering. The population targeted by the OPTIFEL project is elderly cooking at home or making use of meal-on-wheels services for whom the project will develop food products adapted to their taste, habits, needs and constraints.
Development of Gluten Free Cookies From Rice And Coconut Flour Blends
Authors: PAUCEAN Adriana , MAN Simona , MUSTE Sevastita , POP Anamaria
Published: December 2016

This study aims to assess the addition of rice and coconut flour blends on cookies formulation, composition and acceptability. For the cookie formulations the following ratios between coconut flour and rice flour were used: 100:0, 50:50, 30:70. Moisture, ash, fat, protein, total carbohydrates of raw flours and cookies were determined by AACC (2000) methods, while sensorial evaluation was carried out using a 9 points hedonic test. Coconut flour was characterized by a high content of ash (5.09%) and proteins (17.2%) comparatively to rice flour. Blending coconut and rice flours at different proportions led to cookies with enhanced protein, ash and fat content. Sensory analysis revealed that blends of rice and coconut flour can be successfully incorporated into gluten free cookies, resulting in products with pleasant flavor and taste. Coconut flour possesses good nutritional properties which could be utilized for value addition of baked goods.
Ultra-Fine Friction Grinding of Sunflower Kernels – Thereof Tahini and Halva Production and Rheological Characterization
Authors: RACOLŢA Emil , MUREȘAN Elena Andruța , BORȘA Andrei , VLAIC Romina Alina , MUREȘAN Vlad
Published: December 2016

Tahini is a paste obtained by milling the roasted sunflower kernel. Usually, a time and energy consuming two-steps process is involved, a three-roll refiner and a beating machine. The aim of this work was to identify and test a milling process for roasted sunflower kernels with lower time and energy consumption. Different particle size sunflower tahini and halva samples were produced by Ultra-Fine Friction Grinding machine Masuko Sangyo “Supermasscolloider” MKCA6-2 and compared to standard technology. The rheological properties of tahini and textural parameters of halva were assessed. Rheological analysis revealed that all tahini samples produced by “Supermasscolloider” showed a different viscosity profile, as compared to control, the sample milled with the gap set at 100µm being the most viscous and the one at 200µm being the most fluid. When testing the halva samples texture, the sample obtained from the tahini milled at 200µm was clearly highlighted as having the lowest hardness values, while the other samples showed similar texture profiles. The feasibility of using an Ultra-Fine Friction Grinding machine for obtaining sunflower tahini and thereof halva with improved textural properties, was assessed successfully.
Textural and sensorial characterization of a new oat based product
Authors: STURZA Alina , MURESAN Anduta Elena , RACOLTA Emil , MUSTE Sevastita , PAUCEAN Adriana , MAN Simona , MURESAN Vlad
Published: December 2016

Oat it is known as a cereal which provides numerous health benefits due to its composition. Likewise, hemp, flax and olive oils are rich in compounds required for the wellness maintenance and in prevention and treatment of various diseases. Thanks to advances of last decades in the food industry, it can be said that the rheological measurements have become indispensable in order to obtain a quality product. The aim of this work was to develop and optimize a technology for obtaining  unfermented dough, respectively, to obtain oat based unleavened bread. The characterization of the final product from a sensorial point of view was performed, analysis very important for assessing the consumers acceptance. In the meantime the texture properties of all samples were instrumentally determined. Textural profile showed that samples containing higher percent of oil content had a lower hardness than those with reduced percent of oil. The most appreciated unleavened oat bread was dried at 150˚C and had a low content of oil.
STUDY REGARDING THE USE OF SALVIA OFFICINALIS ESSENTIAL OIL IN FOOD PRODUCTS WITH A HIGH FAT CONTENT (MAYONNAISE)
Authors: POP Ana Viorica , BOBEANU Cristina , FARCAS Anca , TOFANA Maria , VARBAN Dan , BOGATEAN Cosmina , SOCACI Sonia A.
Published: December 2016

In the last years, through the emerging technologies for food processing, new ways are proposed for replacing the synthetic antioxidants with natural occurring compounds extracted from plants and which exert a high antioxidant activity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the addition of Salvia officinalis essential oil and its impact on the physicochemical characteristics of homemade mayonnaise. The product was monitored for four months in order to highlight the possible physicochemical changes, by determining the peroxide, the free fatty acids and the pH values. During storage, the pH of all investigated samples, except mayonnaise sample containing 2 μl/g of sage essential oil, slightly increased. The peroxid values for all samples increased during storage period and were higher than the one obtained for the control sample. Also, an increase in the free fatty acids content was noticed for all studied samples. Following the results obtained it can be stated that Salvia officinalis essential oil could be useful to control the development of rancidity and to maintain the quality and extend the shelf life of mayonnaise.
HPLC-UV Analysis Coupled with Chemometry to Identify Phenolic Biomarkers from Medicinal Plants, used as Ingredients in Two Food Supplement Formulas
Authors: Pop Raluca Maria , Csernatoni Florina , Ranga Floricuta , Fetea Florinela , Socaciu Carmen
Published: December 2016

. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection is nowadays the reference method to identify and quantify the biomarkers of quality and authenticity of plants and food supplements. Seven medicinal plants were collected from wild flora: Taraxacum officinalis (1), Cynara scolimus (2), Silybum marianum (3), Hypericum perforatum (4),  Chelidonium majus (5), Lycopodium clavatum (6) and  Hippophae rhamnoides (7)  leaves and fruits.  Two products (A and B) were obtained by mixing individual plant powders. Therefore product A was obtained by mixing dandelion, artichoke and milk thistle, 1:1:1 while product B by mixing St John’s wort, Celandine and Wolf’s claw, 1:1:1. The methanolic extracts of individual plants as well as three different extracts of products A and B (using acidulated water, neutral water and acidulated methanol) were analyzed using HPLC-UV for their phenolics’ fingerprint and composition. The qualitative (untargeted analysis) and quantitative (targeted analysis) results were further compared using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in order to identify their specific biomarkers. Thus, quantitative evaluation of individual phenolics in case of individual plants and products A and B extracts, showed specific and significant differences of composition. Both products A and B contained elagic acid as major compound. For product A, good biomarkers were trans-cinnamic, chlorogenic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids, as well silymarin and silibine originating from milk thistle. For product B, good biomarkers were quercetin and kaempherol, gallic and protocatecuic acids, this product being rich in flavonoids. In conclusion, HPLC-UV coupled with PCA analysis proved to be a rapid and useful way to identify the main biomarkers of plants’ authentication, as well of final products’ quality and safety.
The Dynamic Of Essential Oil Accumulation In Hop Cones During 2012 Year
Authors: Salanta Liana-Claudia , Tofana Maria , Socaci Sonia , Mudura Elena , Farcas Anca
Published: December 2016

Hop cones have lupulin glands which occur on the outer lower surface of the bracteoles and the entire surface of the perianth. The constituents of these glands include bitter acids and essential oil components (Auerbach et.al., 2000). Dry hop contains 0.5-2.0% of essential oil. Hop essential oils consist of a large number of different components and although their composition is influenced by the environment (Ĉerenak et.al., 2011). Aims: This study is a continuation of the research started in 2011 (Salanţă et.al., 2012), where the dynamic of essential oil accumulation in hop cones during 2011 year, were reported. In this paper, samples from 2012 year crop were subjected to hydrodistillation in order to content in essential oils. All reported results will be used in a future research, to determine the gas chromatographic composition of essential oils extracted.
Evaluation of the Content of Lead, Cadmium, Mercury, Arsenic, Tin, Copper and Zinc during the Production Process Flow of Tomato Broth
Authors: Andrei Corina , Tarca Felicia
Published: December 2016

Heavy metals are among the largest contaminants of food products. Once metals are present in vegetables, their concentrations are rarely modified by industrial processing techniques, although in some cases washing may decrease the metal content. The main objective of this study was to quantify the effect of industrial processing on the content of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, tin, copper and zinc in tomatoes and products resulting on flow technology of tomato broth. For the determination of essential elements and/or potentially toxic was use atomic absorption spectrometry. The analytical results for quantitative evaluation the concentrations of the investigated elements on the samples of tomatoes taken from the technological process of the production of tomato broth indicated the presence of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn but with a level of concentration that significantly decreased in the finished product and the absence of metals Hg and As in all investigated samples. Effect of industrial processing on the content of tin in tomato samples analyzed was characterized by fluctuations in the residual content that led to a significant increase in concentration of 0.100 ± 0.041 mg kg-1 (tomatoes - unprocessed) to 0.200 ± 0.041 mg kg-1 (tomato broth).
Study Regarding the Importance of Sensory Assessment Applied to Traditional Romanian Cheeses
Authors: Neagu Ionut , Savu Constantin , Savu Ovidiu , Boiteanu Catalina Nicoleta
Published: December 2016

The sensory analysis by point scale method had the total average result scores, as follows: “urda” cheese type 15.60 points, bellows cheese-type 17.33 points, “telemea” cheese 18.87 points and for “cas” smoked cheese -type 18.51 points. Both pair method and triangular method confirmed that the sample 1 gained the unanimity preferences of cheese tasters participating in the evaluation.
A Comparison between Physico-Chemical Characteristics of the Degraded Palm Oil by Chicken Nuggets Coated with Sweet Pepper and Hot Pepper
Authors: Clonda Dan-Stefan , Hadaruga Nicoleta G , Rivis Adrian
Published: December 2016

Palm oil was selected from varieties of vegetable oils used in the food industry (especially in the food industry of "Fast Food") proved to be an oil with properties that can be maintained within acceptable limits for use after a reasonable time highly dependent on the type of food processed. It is known that frying is the most widely used process for the preparation of food both in the home and in industrial scale. The preference for this method of preparation of the food is due to the fact that it is a quick and convenient method from the point of view of time / output, and the food unique sensory properties, color, texture, consistency, taste and flavor are very popular with consumers. Degraded samples of the oils were analysed to ascertain the psysicochemical caracteristics (density, refractive index, acid and saponification values and percentage of water) in comparison to the blank samples. The determinations conducted revealed elevated parameters due to the degradation compounds in the analysed samples.
The Manufacturing Process and Quality Control of a Holland Type Cheese
Authors: Semeniuc Cristina Anamaria , Rotar Ancuţa Mihaela , Pop Carmen , Suharoschi Ramona , Apostu Sorin
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of storage time on physicochemical shelf-life of Holland type cheese. Cheese samples were stored in ripening room for up to 30 days. Physicochemical parameters of cheese were assessed at 19 and 30 days of storage. Samples were analyzed for titratable acidity, fat in dry matter content, protein and salt content. No significant changes were observed in physicochemical properties during the ripening process.
Characterization of Black and Green Tea from Local Market
Authors: Socaci Sonia Ancuta , Farcas Anca , Tomele Camelia , Salanta Liana , Varva Luminita , Tofana Maria
Published: December 2016

The leaves from Camellia sinensis are used from ancient times for preparation of tea but also as raw material for different extracts which are used in food industry as well as in pharmaceutical or cosmetic products. Due to the increasing interest in tea health benefits, the aim of the present study was to characterize several brands of green and black tea found on local market, regarding their content in total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity. Total phenolics and flavonoids were determined spectrophotometrically using a modified Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively a chromogenic system of NaNO2–Al(NO3)3–NaOH based method. The antioxidant capacity of each tea sample was assessed through the evaluation of free radical scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The results obtained for the green and black tea samples varied widely, depending on the tea variety. The antioxidant capacity of the analyzed teas ranged between 12.10 and 40.03%RSA, while the total phenolic content was within 2090 and 6080 mg GA/ 100g. The concentrantion in flavonoids was between 9.04 and 15.34 g/100g of tea.
STUDY ON THE VALORIFICATION OF LYCIUM BARBARUM FRUIT (GOJI) IN PASTRY PRODUCTS
Authors: Pop Anamaria , Muste Sevastita , Man Simona , Muresan Crina
Published: December 2016

The aim of this research refers to the development of new recipes of fabricating tow different muffins and spritz cookies, using Goji whole fruits rehydrated and Goji ground powder type fruits, in different proportions and after, by sensory analysis proving the consumer preferences in relation to Goji fruit intake in the products. Also has been studied the total carotenoid content by spectrophotometric measurements from finished products comparing with whole goji berry fruit. The products are obtained by baking dough made ​​from flour, sugar, eggs, vegetable fat, milk, goji berries, friable chemical. The raw material and auxiliary material (white flour and Goji berries) and the pastry products obtain with addition of goji was submitted to the physio-chemical exam, following: moisture content, ash content, gluten content, acidity content, vitamin C content, carotenoids content in accordance with applicable standards. Therefore we obtained 3 types of muffins (simple muffins, muffins with addition of 10% whole goji fruit, muffins with addition of 10% fruit goji powder ground type) and 4 types of spritz cookies (simple cookies, cookies with addition of 3 %, 5 %, 10 % of goji powder).
Polarimetric Determination of Starch in Raw Materials and Discharged Waste from Beer Production
Authors: Farcas Anca , Tofana Maria , Socaci Sonia , Scrob Stancuta , Salanta Liana , Bors Doinita
Published: December 2016

Brewer’s spent grain (BGS) is a by-product of thebrewing process, consisting of the solid fraction of barley malt remainingafter separation of worth. In this research, raw materials and discharged waste from beer production were evaluated on the basis of starch content, using Ewers polarimetric method.
Evaluation of Extraction Methods for the Analysis of Carotenoids for Different Vegetable Matrix
Authors: Scrob Stancuta , Muste Sevastita , Muresan Crina , Farcas Anca , Socaci Sonia , Vlaic Romina
Published: December 2016

In this study, different solvents were used to achieve the maximum extractibility of total carotenoids. The extracted total carotenoids were estimated using UV- visible spectrophotometer. Carotenoids from vegetable matrix can be used as a food colorant, food additive, cosmetics, antioxidants and nutraceuticals.
Bioactive Labels for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Liana Nasui , Vodnar Dan , Carmen Socaciu
Published: December 2016

Pesticide residues and microbial load on the surface of fresh fruits and vegetables becomes a major concern due to the safety and quality of these products for consumer.In order to minimize these risk factors (pesticide residues and microbial load), were achieved labels for fruits and vegetables that are consumed with shell which disintegrates under the influence of water jet and thus reduce the amount of these contaminants. Were elaborated labels based on polymer (chitosan) at a concentration of 2%, which incorporate bioactive compounds from green tea with potential decontaminant of the peel of this products. Green tea extract was obtained by infusing 1 g of dried green tea in 100 ml water at 80° C for 10 minutes. The extract was filtered and then mixed with 2 g chitosan acidified with 0.7% glacial acetic acid and dilute to the mark with distilled water. Were identified bioactive compounds from green tea, using UV-VIS and HPLC. Then were elaborated the labels. These tags were used on pepper, tomato, apple and  nectarine. Were quantified the microbial load and the pesticide residues on their surface unwashed, washed only with water and were monitored the influence of labels on these factors. Identified pesticides were mefenoxan and thiamethoxam, which were quantified by HPLC. In what it concerns the influence, were founded the absence of germs at pepper and a significant decrease at the other. In terms of  the potential of reducing pesticide, the experimental results have indicated that the label can prove its effectiveness.
Comparative Fingerprint of Aromatic Herbs and Yeast Alcoholic Extracts used as Ingredients for Promen, a Prostate Preventive Nutraceutical
Authors: Csernatoni Florina , Socaciu Carmen , Pop Raluca Maria , Ranga Floricuta , Bunghez Florina , Romanciu Florina
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to characterize and identify different bioactive compounds in plant sources and yeast powders  to obtain an original nutraceutical (Promen) which has beneficial effects in prostate disease prevention. Seven plant and fruit sources, namely nettle (Urtica dioica), green tea (Camellia sinensis), fluff with small flowers (Epilobium parviplorum), tomato (Solanum licopersicum),  sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima), sunflower (Helianthus annus) and lyophilized beer yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were investigated. Methanolic extracts were prepared using 15% plant concentration and the purified fractions were analyzed using high throughput techniques like UV-VIS spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and mass spectrometry LC-QTOF -MS. The majority of the investigated plants were rich in phenolic derivatives, polyphenols (flavonoid glucosides), while yeast was rich in aminoacids, peptides and vitamins B. The major compounds identified were: Juglone, Resveratrol, Quercetin, Epigallocatechin, Gallocatechin, Biochanin A, Isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-rhamnoside, Quercetin 3-O-galactoside 7-O-rhamnoside, Kaempferol 3,7-O-diglucoside and p-Coumaroylquinic acid. The specific biomarkers were identified for both plant extracts used as ingredients to obtain an nutraceutical  Promen. Combined UV-Vis spectroscopy, HPLC-PDA chromatography and LC-MS spectrometry are recommended as accurate, sensible and reliable tools to investigate the plants and nutraceutical fingerprints and to predict the relation between ingredients composition and their health effects.
Application of FT-IR Spectroscopy for Fingerprinting Bioactive Molecules in a Nutraceutical PROMEN, comparatively with Plantingredients
Authors: Csernatoni Florina , Socaciu Carmen , Pop Raluca Maria , Fetea Florinela
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study is to characterize and identify the main biomarkers of food supplement PROMEN by analysis of plant ingredients comparatively with the final product. Alcoholic extracts of plants were prepared at 15% plant content and purified fractions were analyzed by FTIR screening. The fingerprint region (1000 to 1500 cm-1) indicated the presence of specific functional groups to identify and monitor the phenolic derivatives.
Correlations between the Qualitative and Quantitative Characters of Some Plum Varieties, after Chemical Thinning
Authors: Tripon Andreea Flavia , Mitre Viorel , Mitre Ioana , Mitre Ioana , Pal Monica
Published: December 2016

The analysis of the existing relations between characters is of great importance because it allows the selection of genotypes that possess simultaneously a combination of several useful characters. Values close to +1 indicates a strong positive correlation; those who are closed to -1 indicates a strong negative correlation and values close to zero indicates that between those two characters does’n exist any correlation. Between the analysed characters used for experience, there are positive and negative connections, some of them closer, statistically ensured. Experience was conducted from 2012 to 2014. The study took place in fruit-growing ecosystems Călacea, were analyzed 4 varieties of plum. Determinations regarding the influence of thinning have been made for these varieties on: fruit firmness (Kgf/cm2), fruit weight (g), dry substance (% SU) and total acidity (% malic acid). There is a positive correlation between firmness (Kgf/cm2) and fruit weight (g), the coefficient of correlation being significant (r = 0,438). The correlation between solids content (% SC) and fruit weight (g) shows a strong dependence between the two characters, the coefficient of correlation being very significant (r = 0.706). Between the total acidity (% malic acid) and fruit weight (g), there is a strong dependency, the coefficient of correlation being significantly negative (r = - 0.652).
Influence of Chemical Thinning on Plum Fruit Weight and Diameter
Authors: Tripon Andreea Flavia , Mitre Viorel , Mitre Ioana , Mitre Ioana , Lisandru Tabita , Pal Monica
Published: December 2016

Fruit quality is a very important objective because the consumers have increasing demands for high quality plums, where as it depends of the morphological and organoleptic characteristics of the fruit (shape, size, background color and coverage, color and consistency of the pulp, juiciness, taste, flavor, etc.), as well as technological, biochemical and nutrition value of them. Fruit size is expressed most often by weight or fruit diameter. The study took place in two fruit-growing ecosystems Călacea-Sălaj County and Cluj-Napoca County (at Agroindustriala fruiting tree farm) respectively, and were analyzed 7 varieties of plum in total. Determinations regarding the influence of thinning have been made for these varieties on fruit weight (g) and fruit diameter (mm). Following the chemical treatments for thinning, the highest percentage of fruit with a diameter bigger than 35 mm, in fruit-growing ecosystem Călacea-Sălaj County, was obtained for Stanley cultivar, after the treatment with Cosavet, while in Cluj-Napoca fruit-growing ecosystem, the highest percentage of fruit with a diameter bigger than 35 mm was obtained also for Stanley cultivar, but after the treatment with Ethrel. The highest fruit weight in fruit-growing ecosystem Călacea-Sălaj County was recorded for Stanley variety, after the treatment with Cosavet products (60.2 g), Sulfomat (49.6 g) and Ethrel (48.28 g); in fruit-growing ecosystem Cluj-Napoca, the highest fruit weight was recorded for Nectarină Roșie variety, after the treatment with Cosavet products (57.8 g) and Sulphur (57.8 g).
Assessing the Visual Quality of Urban Landscapes Influenced by the Presence of Fruit Trees
Authors: Lisandru Tabita Teodora , Mitre Viorel , Dumitras Adelina , Pal Monica , Tripon Andreea
Published: December 2016

The study was carried out to investigate the visual impact of using fruit trees in urban landscapes by applying the Scenic Beauty Estimation Method (SBE). Thirty students from the Faculty of Horticulture were asked to assign scenic beauty values to different landscapes with and without the presence of fruit trees in urban areas. The results show that fruit trees have positive influences on the aesthetic value of perceived landscape scenery.
Effect of Chlorocholine Chloride (CCC) on the Plants’ Height and Inulin Content in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)
Authors: Wawrzyniak Mikołaj , Szwengiel Artur , Stelmach-Mardas Marta , Hołubowicz Roman
Published: December 2016

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is herbaceous perennial plant rich in inulin and useful source of biomass. Due to its low agricultural requirements and high adaptability, it can provide very high biomass yields even on low quality sites. The plant is used in food industry, bio-fuel production, forage, pharmacy and nutrition. Its tubers accumulate approx. 10-20% of inulin in fresh weight. Currently, the use of the Helianthius tuberosus L. as a potential dietary strategy in patients affected by type 2 Diabetes is challenge. Moreover, deep understanding of the relationship between diet and composition of gut microbiota can bring the new insight in the treatment of inflammatory dependent diseases. The aim of this study was to examine an effect of plant growth retardant Chlorocholine Chloride (CCC) on the plants’ height of H. tuberosus and inulin content in the tubers. We examined in the field a procedure for its shoots reduction. Material for the experiment were bought in a Polish commercial company and 528 tubers were planted in field in the middle of April 2014. Then, half of them were sprayed with 0.75% retardant of CCC . Furthermore, every week for 12 following weeks, the plants’ heights were measured. After the vegetation was over, 6 tubers for each treatment were dug out and chemically analyzed for inulin content using High Pressure Size Exclusion Chromatography. After first week of CCC use, 16% decrease of the heights plants was observed. Height of plants sprayed with CCC were significantly different comparing to Control. Weekly growth was significantly  slower in plants sprayed with CCC on first three weeks after applying retardant. Differences in plants height sustain to the end of measurements. Used retardant and its concentration did not affect the inulin content of the tubers.
Modern Techniques for the Mapping and the Delimitation of some Protected Areas in Timis County
Authors: Popescu Cosmin-Alin , Smuleac Adrian , Popescu George
Published: December 2016

The vegetation accounts for that part that produces biomass of this cover made up of incompatible elements with life by the aid of solar energy. The overexploitation of the natural resources represents the most important way of the biodiversity degradation, leading to the extinction of a large numbers of species. The natural vegetation plays a decisive role in the conservation of the plants diversity, of the animals and of the biocenosis and of the ecosystems. The drawing up of the vegetation maps, or of another type, knowing the eco-systemic live cover of the life environment which is very necessary.
Experimentation of grapevine cultivation in organic system, on five different Romanian vineyards
Authors: Ranca Aurora Maria , Artem Victoria , Dina Ionica , Parcalabu Liliana , Iliescu Maria , Tabaranu Gabriel , Nechita Ancuta
Published: December 2016

In five Romanian vineyards, in 2013-2014 period was experimented organic system growing on  grape varieties for wine representative for each area, here are applied organic growing technology in parallel with the conventional (control). White varieties studied are: Chardonnay (Murfatlar and Valea Calugareasca), Sauvignon blanc and Muscat Ottonel(Tarnave), Feteasca regala (Tarnave, Bujoru and Copou-Iasi). Red varieties are Cabernet Sauvignon (Murfatlar and Valea Calugareasca) and Merlot (Bujoru).Concerning evolution of main climatic factors for the years 2013-2014 it is show that the annual average air temperature increase compared with the average of the years 1991-2010; is observed an increasing in mean annual temperature, mean temperature during the growing season and the value of sum of sunshine hours. The water regime was kept constant, registering values close to the annual average, both during the growing season and at entire year. The weeds spectrum is represented both by dicotyledonous as knotweed (Polygonum aviculare), Veronica (Stellaria media), news (Amaranthus retroflexus), bindweed (Convolvurus arvensis) and monocotyledonous as grass thick (Cynodon dactylon).Concerning the phytosanitary status, at Murfatlar were registered problems with oidium attack, with all main disease at Dealu Mare and with downy mildew at Bujoru. In all areas the pest has been found are: grape mouth (Lobesia botrana) and spiders (Tetranichus sp.). Schemes of treatments focused generally on substances bassed on copper and sulfur to combat diseases and for pests have been used pheromonal traps or other certified organic products.The grapes harvest was lower in organic plots with till 25%; their quality being close at both growing variants.
The Influence of Cultivation Method on Crop Production of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)
Authors: Keseru Attila , Buta Erzsebet , Borsai Orsolya , Negrusier Cornel , Manutiu Danut
Published: December 2016

Momordica charantia L. has been used in Asian traditional medicines for a long time (Kumar et al., 2010), but in our country is less know. Some products of fruit extracts are present in the pharmaceutical industry in Romania. Encapsulated products are valued for regulating triglyceride or cholesterol. In Asia (China, Japan and India), the fruits are used for diet of diabetic people and for curing people in natural medicine (Kumar et al., 2010; Fohs et al., 2014).The aim of this paper was to find the best way of cultivation to obtain high yield and quality fruits. This study can help to promote this crop in our country, especially for pharmaceutical industry. Biological material is represented by ‘Enaja’ new cultivar of Momordica charantia L. This was used to establish the early production of bitter gourd. The experiments were carried out in 2015 in a greenhouse belonging to UASMV Cluj – Napoca. As an experimental factor different cultivation way was used (one branch, two branches and main stem). The harvest of early production was in 24.08.2015. Obtained results was statistically interpeted using Duncan test. The higher early production (0,72 kg/plant, respectiv 0,93 kg/sm) was registred if the cultivation way was on two branches. The lowest crop production (0,53 kg/plant, respectiv 0,69 kg/mp) was in case of cultivation on the main stem. The cultivation method on two branches generate differences of 0,19 kg/plant and 0,24 kg/mp. The differences between cultivation ways were significantly and statistically assured. In the current paper, the best cultivation method for Momordica charantia L. was on two branches. This cultivation method generates the higher early production.
Research About Improvement the Aromatique Grapevine by Selection Clonale in the Vineyard Dealu Bujorului
Authors: Donici Alina , Bora Florin Dumitru , Eneche Vasilica , Tabaranu Gabriel
Published: December 2016

The research in this paper aims the quality producţion and uvologic values of two elites clonal ‘Muscat Ottonel’ 35-21, ‘Şarbă 25-45’  and two varieties ‘Muscat Ottonel’, ‘Şarbă’ for  aromatic white wines  cultivated in SCDVV Bujoru. The highest weight of a grape was recorded in the ‘Şarbă 25-45’ (183 g) and the lowest was recorded in ‘Muscat Ottonel’ (93 g). The lowest index structure was recorded in ‘Muscat Ottonel’ (27.0) and the higher was registered in ‘Muscat Ottonel 35-21’.
Grafting of Romanian Melons and Watermelons for Culture from South Area of Romania
Authors: Sora Dorin , Doltu Madalina , Popescu Simona , Iorga Daniela
Published: December 2016

The vegetable grafting is useful in Romania; it is more difficult in watermelons and melons and it is continuously developing. The research was aimed the establishing of the technological stages for seedling producing of scions (Romanian melons and watermelons) and rootstocks (F1 hybrids of Lagenaria siceraria and Cucurbita maxima x C. moschata) for obtaining of grafted plant seedlings. The experience was realized out on a collection consisting from two Romanian scions, melon (‘Fondant’ variety) and watermelon (‘Dochiţa’ variety) obtained at Research and Development Station for Vegetable Growing Buzău and two rootstocks, bottle gourd - L. siceraria (‘Emphasis’ F1) and interspecific hybrid squash - C. maxima x C. moschata (‘Cobalt’ F1). The obtaining of scion and rootstock plants was made according to the ecological requirements of the species. The grafting was made by annexation (splice grafting). The plants had optimal diameters for splice grafting. Between scions (‘Fondant’ and ‘Dochiţa’) are no diference, statistical analysis could not be performed. Technological stages for producing grafted seedlings of Romanian melon and watermelon were established. The grafting was performed successfully for cucurbit symbiotes (scions and rootstocks). These technological stages for grafting by annexation of Romanian melons and watermelons are recommended for cultures in the south area of Romania.
Preliminary Results on Behavior of Transgenic and Conventional Plum to Natural PPV Infection in a New Field Trial
Authors: Zagrai Ioan , Zagrai Luminita , Festila Angela
Published: December 2016

To assess the durability of resistance to PPV of HoneySweet transgenic plum harbouring plum pox virus (PPV) capsid gene, a new field trial was recently established in Romania at Fruit Research & Development Station Bistrita. Stanley and Reine Claude d’Althan cvs. are used as control. PPV inoculum source is secured within the experimental plot. PPV monitoring was made by visual observation of symptoms development on leaves and by serological (DAS-ELISA) and molecular (IC/-RT-PCR) testings. Three years after planting PPV was observed and detected only on Stanley. 'HoneySweet' and  Reine Claude d’Althan cultivars remained PPV free.