bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Fuzzy Programming Model for Positioning Customer Order Decoupling Point Based on QFD in Logistics Service with Mass Customization
Authors: Wang Guanxiong , Hu Xiaojian
Published: November 2020

Mass customization logistics service mode provides a new way to maintain the sustainable cooperative relationship between customers and integrators. One of the key factors to maintain the sustainable development of logistics service supply chain under MC mode is to locate a suitable customer order decoupling point (CODP) location. This paper investigates the problem of CODP in the logistics service supply chain based on the fuzzy set theory under the mass customization mode. With the help of a fuzzy QFD method and a new service quality function that we constructed, this paper quantifies the quality of a logistics service when the LSI selects a different CODP. Then, the fuzzy set of the high-quality logistics service and the fuzzy set of the satisfactory delivery time are built. Based on those two new fuzzy sets, this paper builds a new fuzzy programming model on CODP positioning. The solving methods of this model under different conditions are given. Finally, the influence of some important parameters on the optimal CODP position is studied by sensitivity analysis on a specific numerical case.
Three Cases of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Transformation and Leukocytosis during Lenvatinib Treatment
Authors: Iwasaki Hiroyuki , Toda Soji , Murayama Daisuke , Takahashi Hiroyuki
Published: November 2020

Since 2015, the cancer treatment lenvatinib has been used for patients with advanced radioactive iodine- (RAI-) refractory thyroid differentiated cancer; however, the drug’s long-term effects have not been fully investigated. We report three cases in which lenvatinib treatment initially improved the patients’ conditions, although they all died approximately 2 months after leukocytosis due to very aggressive disease progression with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma transformation. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) was elevated in all three cases, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was elevated in two cases. The patients had a similar clinical course, with multiorgan metastasis and aggressive disease progression. Even with advanced cancer, lenvatinib has provided control of the disease. However, as long-term use of lenvatinib grows, it is possible that similar cases will increase, and we report our findings as an alert to other clinicians.
Feature Analysis on Mixed Traffic Flow of Manually Driven and Autonomous Vehicles Based on Cellular Automata
Authors: Hu Xinghua , Huang Mengyu , Guo Jianpu
Published: November 2020

This paper attempts to disclose the features of the mixed traffic flow of manually driven vehicles (MVs) and autonomous vehicles (AVs). Considering dynamic headway, the mixed traffic flow was modelled based on the improved single-land cellular automata (CA) traffic flow model (DHD) proposed by Zhang Ningxi. The established CA model was adopted to obtain the maximum flow of the mixed traffic flow and was analyzed under different proportions of AVs. On this basis, the features of the mixed traffic flow were summarized. The main results are as follows: the proportion of AVs has a significant impact on the mixed traffic flow; when the proportion reached 0.6, the flow of the whole lane was twice that of the MV traffic flow. At a low density, the AV proportion has an obvious influence on mixed traffic flow. At a high density, the mixed traffic flow changed very little, as the AV proportion increased from 0 to 5. The reason is that the flow of the whole lane is constrained by the fact that MVs cannot move faster. However, when the AV proportion reached 0.8, the flow of the whole lane became three times that at the proportion of 0.6. At the speed of 126 km/h, the flow rate was 2.5 times the speed limit of 54 km/h. The findings lay a theoretical basis for the modelling of multilane mixed traffic flow.
Modeling and Analysis of the Composite Stiffness for Angular Contact Ball Bearings
Authors: Li Jianhua , Lei Chunli , Gong Baoru , Cui Pan , Jia Xibin
Published: November 2020

As a core component of the motorized spindle, the dynamic stiffness of the angular contact ball bearing directly affects the dynamic characteristics of machinery. A modified quasistatic model of the ball bearing is established considering the influences of thermal deformation, centrifugal deformation, and elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL). Then, the film stiffness model considering spin motion is constructed. On this basis, the composite stiffness model of the ball bearing is proposed, and the effects of different factors on dynamic characteristic parameters are investigated. The results show that different factors have different effects on the dynamic parameters. With the increase in preload, the contact stiffness and composite stiffness increase. Considering EHL, the radial contact stiffness and composite stiffness increase while the axial and angular contact stiffness and composite stiffness decrease. Considering the thermal effect and centrifugal effect, the radial contact stiffness and composite stiffness increase while the axial and angular contact stiffness and composite stiffness decrease. The film stiffness and composite stiffness increase with the consideration of the spinning motion.
A Rare Case of Gallstone Ileus: Bouveret Syndrome Presenting with Concurrent Gallstone Coleus
Authors: Park Sena , Balasooriya Janaka , Ncube Thembi
Published: November 2020

Background. Bouveret syndrome and gallstone coleus are two rare subsets of gallstone ileus. Bouveret syndrome involves a gastric outlet obstruction, whereas gallstone coleus involves an obstruction of the large intestine. Both of the conditions are caused by gallstones, which migrated from the gallbladder via the fistulae. Due to its rarity, only few cases were reported for each condition. The current case describes an even rarer case of Bouveret syndrome and gallstone coleus presenting together. The case report will hopefully provide better understanding of the disease presentation and hence, lead to early diagnosis and management. Case. Ms. B is an 86-year-old woman of Italian background who presented to our emergency department with worsening symptoms of bowel obstruction. Her past clinical history included Kaposi sarcoma, hypertension, osteoarthritis, and vitamin D deficiency with surgical history including caesarean section and tonsillectomy. On her imaging, she had two large gallstones, one in the proximal duodenum and one in the distal colon. It also showed gastric dilatation and gas in the gall bladder. She was subsequently diagnosed with Bouveret syndrome with concurrent gallstone coleus. The laparotomy revealed two points of gallstone obstruction at the first part of the duodenum and at the distal sigmoid colon. Her postoperative recovery was uncomplicated. She was discharged to the care of her family and followed up in the general surgery clinic. Conclusion. The current case report describes a unique presentation of Bouveret syndrome where an additional gallstone was found simultaneously in the sigmoid colon causing the obstruction. By introducing this novel case of having two different subsets of gallstone ileus simultaneously, there will be a better understanding of both conditions and hopefully improve our scope of practice.
Response Analysis of Deep Foundation Excavation and Dewatering on Surface Settlements
Authors: Li Xian , Zhou Tingguo , Wang Yixian , Han Junling , Wang Yanqiao , Tong Fang , Li Delong , Wen Jinmei
Published: November 2020

Accurate prediction of surface settlements is a primary concern when deep excavations were carrying out under the water table in urban environments for the safety of the work site. The sedimentation deformation due to deep excavation of foundation pit and dewatering occurs as a result of coupling action of the two factors. The study is aimed at revealing the coupling ground response to the two factors and developing empirical correlations for estimating ground deformations. Taking a deep foundation pit of a metro station as an example, surface settlement estimations were calculated by analytical formulas and numerical models. The settlement results by analytical formulas under excavation and dewatering conditions were added linearly to the total settlements. And three‐dimensional coupling numerical models were established by applying commercial software (GMS and MIDAS) to investigate the interaction impact of excavation and dewatering on the sedimentation deformation. Comparing with monitoring data, numerical simulation results match well with the monitoring data. Furthermore, an empirical surface subsidence correlation equation was developed by the polynomial fitting to illustrate the effect contribution on the total surface settlement of foundation excavation and dewatering.
Research on Multinode Collaborative Computing Offloading Algorithm Based on Minimization of Energy Consumption
Authors: Han Dongsheng , Liu Yu , Ni Junhong
Published: November 2020

Mobile edge computing (MEC) nodes are deployed at positions close to users to address excessive latency and converging flows. Nevertheless, the distributed deployment of MEC nodes and offload of computational tasks among several nodes consume additional energy. Accordingly, how to reduce the energy consumption of edge computing networks while satisfying latency and quality of service (QoS) demands has become an important challenge that hinders the application of MEC. This paper built a local-edge-cloud edge computing network and proposes a multinode collaborative computing offloading algorithm. It can be applied to smart homes, realize the development of green channels, and support local users of Internet of Things (IoT) to decompose computational tasks and offload them to multiple MEC or cloud nodes. The simulation analysis reveals that the new local-edge-cloud edge computing offload method not only reduces network energy consumption more effectively compared with traditional computing offload methods but also ensures the implementation of more data samples.
Dose-Dependent Differentiation of Gamma-Irradiated Hazelnut Samples by Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Coupled with Chemometrics
Authors: Dogan Ayca , Severcan Mete , Severcan Feride
Published: November 2020

Gamma irradiation is used as a food preservation method. It is known that high-dose irradiation causes several structural and functional damages. Therefore, the detection of high-dose irradiated food samples is a critical issue in international trade. The objective of this work is to evaluate the potential of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the differentiation of γ-irradiated hazelnuts at higher doses (3 kGy and 10 kGy) from the lower (1.5 kGy) and nonirradiated ones using multivariate statistical analysis, namely, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). This study showed that high-dose irradiated hazelnut samples can be clearly differentiated from the low-dose irradiated samples using unsupervised methods based on the spectral differences. Furthermore, dose-dependent discrimination was also achieved. In conclusion, FTIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analysis has potential for the development of a reliable and fast methodology for separation of high-dose irradiated food samples.
Competency in Chest Radiography Interpretation by Junior Doctors and Final Year Medical Students at a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Jimah Bashiru Babatunde , Baffour Appiah Anthony , Sarkodie Benjamin Dabo , Anim Dorothea
Published: November 2020

Background. Chest radiography (CXR) is a widely used imaging technique for assessing various chest conditions; however, little is known on the medical doctors’ and medical students’ level of skills to interpret the CXRs. This study assessed the residents, medical officers, house officers, and final year medical students’ competency in CXRs interpretation and how the patient’s clinical history influences the interpretation. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital in the Central Region of Ghana among 99 nonradiologists, comprising 10 doctors in residency programmes, 18 medical officers, 33 house officers, and 38 final year medical students. The data collection was done with a semistructured questionnaire in two phases. In phase 1, ten CXRs were presented without patient’s clinical history. Phase 2 involved the same ten CXRs presented in the same order alongside the patient’s clinical history. Participants were given 3 minutes to interpret each image. Median and interquartile ranges were used to describe continuous variables, while frequencies and percentages were used to describe categorical variables. Test of significant difference and association was conducted using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test/Kruskal–Wallis test and chi-square (X2) test, respectively. Results. The average score for interpreting CXRs was 7.0 (IQR = 5–8) and 4.0 (IQR = 3-4), when CXRs were, respectively, presented with and without clinical history. No significant difference was seen in average scores regarding the levels of formal training. Without clinical history, only 40.0% of residents, 22.2% of medical officers, 24.2% of house officers, and 13.2% of medical students correctly interpreted CXRs, while more than 75% each of all categories correctly interpreted CXRs when presented with clinical history. However, all participants had difficulties in identifying CXR with pneumothorax (27.3% vs. 30.3%), pneumomediastinum or left rib fracture (8.1% vs. 33.3%), and lung collapse (37.4% vs. 37.4%) in both situations, with and without patient clinical history. Conclusion. The patient’s clinical history was found to greatly influence doctors’ competence in interpreting CXRs. We found a gap in doctors’ and medical students’ ability to interpret CXRs; hence, the development of this skill should be improved at all levels of medical training.
An Extensive Set of Kinematic and Kinetic Data for Individuals with Intact Limbs and Transfemoral Prosthesis Users
Authors: Fakoorian Seyed , Roshanineshat Arash , Khalaf Poya , Azimi Vahid , Simon Dan , Hardin Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

This paper introduces an extensive human motion data set for typical activities of daily living. These data are crucial for the design and control of prosthetic devices for transfemoral prosthesis users. This data set was collected from seven individuals, including five individuals with intact limbs and two transfemoral prosthesis users. These data include the following types of movements: (1) walking at three different speeds; (2) walking up and down a 5-degree ramp; (3) stepping up and down; (4) sitting down and standing up. We provide full-body marker trajectories and ground reaction forces (GRFs) as well as joint angles, joint velocities, joint torques, and joint powers. This data set is publicly available at the website referenced in this paper. Data from flexion and extension of the hip, knee, and ankle are presented in this paper. However, the data accompanying this paper (available on the internet) include 46 distinct measurements and can be useful for validating or generating mathematical models to simulate the gait of both transfemoral prosthesis users and individuals with intact legs.
Minimally Invasive Correction of Prolapsed, Gangrenous Distal Limb of Loop Ileostomy to End-Loop Stoma
Authors: Shelton John , Rajendra Sittampalam
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Prolapse can be a complication of loop stomas. A prolapsed stoma which cannot be reduced or complicated with strangulation needs surgical correction. This case report describes a minimal access correction of a prolapsed gangrenous distal limb of ileostomy. Presentation of Case. A 67-year-old male patient was diagnosed with a lower rectal carcinoma, staged T3N1M0. Following neoadjuvant chemoradiation, he underwent a laparoscopic anterior resection with a defunctioning loop ileostomy. One month later, he presented with prolapse of the distal limb of the ileostomy. The limb was gangrenous and the gangrenous part was removed by using a linear GI stapler, and the loop ileostomy was converted to end-loop ileostomy. Discussion. It is a simple and technically feasible method for treating a prolapsed loop of the stoma. It is less invasive and has minimal postoperative complications. This technique reduces the duration of the hospital stay of the patient. Conclusion. Stapled assisted correction of prolapsed stoma avoids unnecessary laparotomy and aids in expedite recovery after surgery. It is beneficial for a surgeon to be familiar with the minimal access correction for stoma prolapse.
Study on the Design of Cantonese Cultural and Creative Products using Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Wang Xi , Gu Yongyi
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we have studied the design of Cantonese cultural and creative products. In the design process of the system, we use the Analytic Hierarchy Process to analyze the needs of users and apply the analysis results to the product design practice, so as to design Cantonese cultural and creative products more in line with the needs of tourists.
Altered Coactive Micropattern Connectivity in the Default-Mode Network during the Sleep-Wake Cycle
Authors: Cui Yan , Chen Qiao , Xia Yang , Wang Zeru , Guo Yujia , Zhang Ge , Yao Dezhong , Guo Daqing
Published: November 2020

The default-mode network (DMN) is believed to be associated with levels of consciousness, but how the functional connectivity (FC) of the DMN changes across different states of consciousness is still unclear. In the current work, we addressed this issue by exploring the coactive micropattern (CAMP) networks of the DMN according to the CAMPs of rat DMN activity during the sleep-wake cycle and tracking their topological alterations among different states of consciousness. Three CAMP networks were observed in DMN activity, and they displayed greater FC and higher efficiency than the original DMN structure in all states of consciousness, implying more efficient information processing in the CAMP networks. Furthermore, no significant differences in FC or network properties were found among the three CAMP networks in the waking state. However, the three networks were distinct in their characteristics in two sleep states, indicating that different CAMP networks played specific roles in distinct sleep states. In addition, we found that the changes in the FC and network properties of the CAMP networks were similar to those in the original DMN structure, suggesting intrinsic effects of various states of consciousness on DMN dynamics. Our findings revealed three underlying CAMP networks within the DMN dynamics and deepened the current knowledge concerning FC alterations in the DMN during conscious changes in the sleep-wake cycle.
A Notch-Dependent Inflammatory Feedback Circuit between Macrophages and Cancer Cells Regulates Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Geng Yawen , Fan Jie , Chen Lianyu , Zhang Chenyue , Qu Chao , Qian Ling , Chen Kun , Meng Zhiqiang , Chen Zhen , Wang Peng
Published: November 2020

Notch activation has been detected in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, its role in PDAC metastasis remains unknown. In this study, we identify a Notch-dependent feedback circuit between pancreatic cancer cells and macrophages, which contributes to PDAC metastasis. In this circuit, miR-124 regulated Notch signaling in cancer cells by directly targeting the Notch ligand Jagged 1. Autoamplified Notch signaling promoted the recruitment and activation of macrophages to a tumor-supporting M2-like phenotype via downstream IL8, CCL2, IL1α, and uPA paracrine signaling. In turn, activated macrophage-derived IL6 activated the oncogenic transcription factor STAT3 that directly repressed miR-124 genes via a conserved STAT3-binding site in their promoters, thereby promoting cancer cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition and invasion. Disrupting this circuit suppressed liver metastasis in mouse models. Thus, our study suggests that manipulation of this Notch-dependent circuit has a therapeutic potential for the treatment of PDAC metastasis.

Significance:

This study provided potential therapeutic targets and robust preclinical evidence for PDAC treatment by interrupting feedback signaling between cancer cells and macrophages with targeted inhibitors.
MET Exon 14–altered Lung Cancers and MET Inhibitor Resistance
Authors: Guo Robin , Offin Michael , Brannon A. Rose , Chang Jason , Chow Andrew , Delasos Lukas , Girshman Jeffrey , Wilkins Olivia , McCarthy Caroline G. , Makhnin Alex , Falcon Christina , Scott Kerry , Tian Yuan , Cecchi Fabiola , Hembrough Todd , Alex Deepu , Shen Ronglai , Benayed Ryma , Li Bob T. , Rudin Charles M. , Kris Mark G. , Arcila Maria E. , Rekhtman Natasha , Paik Paul , Zehir Ahmet , Drilon Alexander
Published: November 2020

Purpose:

MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can achieve modest clinical outcomes in MET exon 14–altered lung cancers, likely secondary to primary resistance. Mechanisms of primary resistance remain poorly characterized and comprehensive proteomic analyses have not previously been performed.

Experimental Design:

We performed hybrid capture-based DNA sequencing, targeted RNA sequencing, cell-free DNA sequencing, selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (SRM-MS), and immunohistochemistry on patient samples of MET exon 14–altered lung cancers treated with a MET TKI. Associations between overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and putative genomic alterations and MET protein expression were evaluated.

Results:

Seventy-five of 168 MET exon 14–altered lung cancers received a MET TKI. Previously undescribed (zygosity, clonality, whole-genome duplication) and known (copy-number focality, tumor mutational burden, mutation region/type) genomic factors were not associated with ORR/PFS (P > 0.05). In contrast, MET expression was associated with MET TKI benefit. Only cases with detectable MET expression by SRM-MS (N = 15) or immunochemistry (N = 22) responded to MET TKI therapy, and cancers with H-score ≥ 200 had a higher PFS than cancers below this cutoff (10.4 vs. 5.5 months, respectively; HR, 3.87; P = 0.02).

Conclusions:

In MET exon 14–altered cancers treated with a MET TKI, a comprehensive analysis of previously unknown and known genomic factors did not identify a genomic mechanism of primary resistance. Instead, MET expression correlated with benefit, suggesting the potential role of interrogating the proteome in addition to the genome in confirmatory prospective trials.
Salivary Hemoglobin Protects against Erosive Tooth Wear in Gastric Reflux Patients
Authors: Martini Tatiana , Rios Daniela , Dionizio Aline , Cassiano Luiza de Paula Silva , Taioqui Pelá Vinicius , e Silva Cíntia Maria de Sousa , Taira Even A. , Ventura Talita Mendes , Magalhães Ana Carolina , Carvalho Thiago Saads , Baumann Tommy , Lussi Adrian , de Oliveira Ricardo Brandt , Palma-Dibb Regina Guenka , Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo
Published: November 2020

Objective: Saliva is the most important biological factor to protect against erosive tooth wear (ETW). Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients have an increased risk of ETW due to the frequent presence of intrinsic acids in the oral cavity. Remarkably, not all GERD patients suffer from ETW, which might be due to differences in the composition of the saliva. Methods: This study compared the proteomic profile of saliva in patients (1) with GERD and ETW (basic erosive wear examination, BEWE, score ≥9; GE group) and (2) with GERD without ETW (BEWE = 0; GNE group) using shotgun label-free quantitative proteomic analysis nLC-ESI-MS/MS. The ability of hemoglobin (Hb) to protect against initial enamel erosion caused by a daily 10-s immersion of enamel specimens in 0.01 M HCl (pH 2.3) for 3 days was evaluated in vitro for proof of concept. Surface hardness change was used as response variable. Results: The differential expression of Hb subunits was significantly increased in the GNE group versus the GE group, in particular the Hb α-subunit that showed a >22-fold increase. Expressions of serum albumin (4.5-fold) and isoforms of cytoskeletal keratin type II (>3-fold) were also increased in the GNE group. Proteinase inhibitors, such as α1-antitrypsin and α2-macroglobulin, were only identified in the GNE group. In vitro, Hb (1.0 and 4.0 mg/mL) significantly reduced initial enamel erosion compared to a negative control after 3 days. Conclusions: Our results indicate that many proteins, with special emphasis on Hb, may be involved in the resistance of GERD patients to the occurrence of ETW. These proteins may be candidates for inclusion in dental products to protect against ETW.
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Antithrombotic Management Patterns and Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insights From the EPICOR Asia Study
Authors: Guan Shaoyi , Xu Xiaoming , Li Yi , Li Jing , Guan Mingzi , Wang Xiaozeng , Jing Quanmin , Huo Yong , Han Yaling
Published: November 2020

Background

Long‐term use of antiplatelet agents after acute coronary syndrome in diabetic patients is not well known. Here, we describe antiplatelet use and outcomes in such patients enrolled in the EPICOR Asia (Long‐Term Follow‐up of Antithrombotic Management Patterns in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Asia) registry.

Methods and Results

EPICOR Asia is a prospective, observational study of 12 922 patients with acute coronary syndrome surviving to discharge, from 8 countries/regions in Asia. The present analysis included 3162 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 9602 patients without DM. The impact of DM on use of antiplatelet agents and events (composite of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, with or without any revascularization; individual components, and bleeding) was evaluated. Significant baseline differences were seen between patients with DM and patients without DM for age, sex, body mass index, cardiovascular history, angiographic findings, and use of percutaneous coronary intervention. At discharge, ≈90% of patients in each group received dual antiplatelet therapy. At 2‐year follow‐up, more patients with DM tended to still receive dual antiplatelet therapy (60% versus 56%). DM was associated with increased risk from ischemic but not major bleeding events. Independent predictors of the composite end point of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in patients with DM were age ≥65 years and use of diuretics at discharge.

Conclusions

Antiplatelet agent use is broadly comparable in patients with DM and patients without DM, although patients with DM are more likely to be on dual antiplatelet therapy at 2 years. Patients with DM are at increased risk of ischemic events, suggesting an unmet need for improved antithrombotic treatment.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01361386.
Sex Differences in Longitudinal Determinants of Carotid Intima Medial Thickening With Aging in a Community‐Dwelling Population: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Karikkineth Ajoy C. , AlGhatrif Majd , Oberdier Matt T. , Morrell Chris , Palchamy Elango , Strait James B. , Ferrucci Luigi , Lakatta Edward G.
Published: November 2020

Background

Common carotid intima medial thickness (IMT) increases with aging. However, the longitudinal association between IMT and other age‐associated hemodynamic alterations in men and in women are not fully explored.

Methods and Results

We analyzed repeated measures of IMT, blood pressure, and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity over a 20‐year period in 1067 men and women of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging; participants were ages 20 to 92 years at entry and free of overt cardiovascular disease. Linear mixed‐effects models were used to calculate the individual rates of change (
Change
) of IMT, pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, and pulse wave velocity, among other covariates. Multivariate regression analysis was used to examine the association of IMT
Change
with baseline and rates of change of hemodynamic parameters and cardiovascular risk factors. IMT increased at accelerating rates from 0.02 mm/decade at age 50 years to 0.05 mm/decade at age 80 years greater rates in men than in women. IMT
Change
was positively associated with baseline low‐density lipoprotein, low‐density lipoprotein
Change
, and baseline systolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure
Change
, but inversely with baseline diastolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure
Change
. When blood pressure was expressed as pulse pressure and MAP, IMT
Change
was positively associated with baseline pulse pressure and pulse pressure
Change
and inversely with baseline mean arterial pressure and mean arterial pressure
Change
. In sex‐specific analysis, these associations were observed in women, but not in men.

Conclusions

In summary, our analyses showed that IMT increases at accelerating rates with aging. Age‐associated changes in IMT were modulated by concurrent changes of low‐density lipoprotein in both sexes, and of pulsatile and mean blood pressure in women but not men.
Risk Factors for Delirium and Cognitive Decline Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Greaves Danielle , Psaltis Peter J. , Davis Daniel H. J. , Ross Tyler J. , Ghezzi Erica S. , Lampit Amit , Smith Ashleigh E. , Keage Hannah A. D.
Published: November 2020

Background

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is known to improve heart function and quality of life, while rates of surgery‐related mortality are low. However, delirium and cognitive decline are common complications. We sought to identify preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative risk or protective factors associated with delirium and cognitive decline (across time) in patients undergoing CABG.

Methods and Results

We conducted a systematic search of Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Cochrane (March 26, 2019) for peer‐reviewed, English publications reporting post‐CABG delirium or cognitive decline data, for at least one risk factor. Random‐effects meta‐analyses estimated pooled odds ratio for categorical data and mean difference or standardized mean difference for continuous data. Ninety‐seven studies, comprising data from 60 479 patients who underwent CABG, were included. Moderate to large and statistically significant risk factors for delirium were as follows: (1) preoperative cognitive impairment, depression, stroke history, and higher European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) score, (2) intraoperative increase in intubation time, and (3) postoperative presence of arrythmia and increased days in the intensive care unit; higher preoperative cognitive performance was protective for delirium. Moderate to large and statistically significant risk factors for acute cognitive decline were as follows: (1) preoperative depression and older age, (2) intraoperative increase in intubation time, and (3) postoperative presence of delirium and increased days in the intensive care unit. Presence of depression preoperatively was a moderate risk factor for midterm (1–6 months) post‐CABG cognitive decline.

Conclusions

This meta‐analysis identified several key risk factors for delirium and cognitive decline following CABG, most of which are nonmodifiable. Future research should target preoperative risk factors, such as depression or cognitive impairment, which are potentially modifiable.

Registration

URL:
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prosp​ero/
; Unique identifier: CRD42020149276.
No Future for Bethulia? Judith and Queer Time
Authors: Tamber-Rosenau Caryn
Published: November 2020

The Book of Judith and its main character are fascinating for the ways in which they play with time and history. This article argues that theoretical frameworks of queer temporality are instructive for understanding Judith. Judith’s childlessness, her aberrant daily schedule, and her refusal to work on her enemies’ time mark her as someone resisting normative time and a focus on the future. At the same time, however, Judith does ensure a future for Bethulia, and, by extension, for Israel. Consequently, this article also explores how the Book of Judith itself plays with the idea of history, calling into question the very future Judith supposedly ensures. The article also highlights the absence of eschatological thinking in the Book of Judith. Finally, this article discusses the implications of such an erring, queer narrative for thinking about Jewish history and the biblical canon.
Aristotle on the Unity of the Nutritive and Reproductive Functions
Authors: Coates Cameron F. , Lennox James G.
Published: November 2020

In De Anima 2.4, Aristotle claims that nutritive soul encompasses two distinct biological functions: nutrition and reproduction. We challenge a pervasive interpretation which posits ‘nutrients’ as the correlative object (antikeimenon) of the nutritive capacity. Instead, the shared object of nutrition and reproduction is that which is nourished and reproduced: the ensouled body, qua ensouled. Both functions aim at preserving this object, and thus at preserving the form, life, and being of the individual organism. In each case, we show how Aristotle’s detailed biological analysis supports this ontological argument.
Zeno Beach
Authors: Rosen Jacob
Published: November 2020

On Zeno Beach there are infinitely many grains of sand, each half the size of the last. Supposing Aristotle denied the possibility of Zeno Beach, did he have a good argument for the denial? Three arguments, each of ancient origin, are examined: (1) the beach would be infinitely large; (2) the beach would be impossible to walk across; (3) the beach would contain a part equal to the whole, whereas parts must be lesser. It is attempted to show that none of these arguments was Aristotle’s. Indeed, perhaps Aristotle’s finitism applied to magnitude only, not plurality.
Simple isolation for two forms of malic enzyme from crustacean abdomen muscle
Authors: Gronczewska Jadwiga , Skorkowski Edward F.
Published: November 2020

Two forms of NADP-dependent malic enzyme (ME, EC 1.1.1.40) were purified from the abdomen muscle of the crayfish Orconectes limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) and the shrimp Crangon crangon L., 1758 by affinity chromatography on 2′,5′-ADP-Sepharose 4B, with good qualitative recovery in a single step, using a substrate activation method with a malate–manganese chloride pair. The enzymes were identified by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis stained for protein and enzyme activity. The faster migrating mitochondrial enzyme from crayfish is inhibited by sulfhydryl reagent and loses its activity. Ellman’s Reagent, 5,5′-Dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), can be used for the differentiation and measurement of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial malic enzyme in decapod crustacean tissue.
Optimal Decision of Agricultural Machinery Product Quality under the Regulation of Government Subsidy Policy
Authors: Tong Hongzhi , Qian Xiao-Duo , Chen Yujun , Wei Qi , Xia Senmao , Qian Nige , Li Jiaru
Published: November 2020

Some studies have shown that financial subsidy can promote the technology or product innovation of enterprises, and then improve the product quality. However, in the market competition of subsidized and non-subsidized agricultural machinery products, it is of great practical significance to study whether the enterprises subsidized by the government will improve the product quality. Considering that government provides subsidies for agricultural machinery products, a decision- making model for quality of agricultural machinery manufacturers is established. The relationship between government subsidy and quality of agricultural machinery products is analysed by numerical examples. Results show that the product quality and expected cost of agricultural machinery manufacturers are affected by the government’s financial support, but the relationship between financial subsidy and quality of agricultural machinery products is not monotonic. The increase of government subsidy standard has a negative effect on manufacturers improving the quality of agricultural machinery products in the diffusion region of subsidized agricultural machinery products, but the profits of manufacturers will continue to increase with the increase of subsidies. Government subsidies can promote agricultural machinery manufacturers to improve product quality in the non-subsidized agricultural machinery products diffusion region.
Traditionalism in Brazil
Authors: Sedgwick Mark
Published: November 2020

The Traditionalist movement that derives from the French esoteric philosopher René Guénon is known to have been influential in Europe and North America, especially through the activities of religious groups, usually of Sufi origin, and also through the growing impact of the political version of Traditionalism first developed by the Italian esoteric philosopher Julius Evola. This article looks at Traditionalism beyond Europe and North America, taking the important case of Brazil during the 1980s and 1990s, where one of the main Traditionalist Sufi groups, the US-based Maryamiyya, became established, and where two local groups developed, one of which focused exclusively on doctrine, and one of which turned not to Sufism but to T’ai chi and Brazilian indigenous religion. The article also considers a new and important political philosopher, Olavo de Carvalho, who emerged from the Brazilian Traditionalist milieu. Carvalho applied Guénon to political issues rather as Evola had, but unlike Evola combined Traditionalism with Roman Catholicism, a development also found in Argentina during the early twentieth century. During the 2010s, Carvalho’s radical rightist philosophy became widely known in Brazil, where his admirers included the president, Jair Bolsonaro.
Ambiguity in Insider Trading Regulations: Saudi Arabia as a Case Study
Authors: Alomari Yahya A.
Published: November 2020

The Saudi legal system recognises insider trading as a crime and has established laws in order to prevent it. Yet, the complicated nature of insider trading makes it challenging to enact regulations that cover all of the aspects of the crime and clearly identify criminal conduct. This article analyses insider trading regulations in Saudi Arabia and addresses their ambiguities. This article specifies current Saudi regulations pertaining to the crimes of insider trading and disclosing material information, as well as analysing both crimes. It addresses ambiguities found in the language of the law as well as in case law. This article also criticises the definition of insider information under the law. The issue of ‘use’ versus ‘possession’ is discussed: namely, whether what is prohibited is trading on the basis of material non-public information or trading while in possession of material non-public information.
Reverse Mission? Missio Dei and the Spread of African Pentecostalism in the West
Authors: Bangura Joseph Bosco
Published: November 2020

Although mission is no longer a linear stream that flows from North to South, rarely are Southern missionaries in the West construed as participants in God’s mission. Using the concept of missio Dei, this article contests the claim that Southern missionaries in the West are engaged in reverse mission. Beginning with a brief overview of the missio Dei concept, it discusses the meaning, uses and limitations of the various models of reverse mission. Assessing the spread of African Pentecostalism in the West, it contends that mission cannot be reversed if it is of God. The article concludes that mission is a continuum of what God has done in Christ for the oikos throughout the ages, to which humans are privileged participants.
Unholy Territory
Authors: van der Linden David
Published: November 2020

This article studies the mission of French Discalced Carmelite friars in the seventeenth-century Dutch Republic. Established from 1647 onwards in The Hague, Leiden, and Amsterdam, the missionaries’ aim was to minister to the French-speaking Catholics of Holland, but they also sought to convert expatriate French Protestants as part of the wider Counter-Reformation campaign to win back souls lost to the Reformation. Despite conflict with the Walloon churches, however, the Carmelite mission was surprisingly successful in converting Huguenots to the Church of Rome, repatriating many of them to France in the wake of the Revocation. As such, this article sheds new light on the relationship between expatriate communities in Holland, arguing that the Dutch Republic was not only a safe haven for refugees, but also the scene of ongoing conflict between French Protestants and Catholics during the reign of Louis XIV.
Shadows, Highlights and Faces: the Contribution of a ‘Human in the Loop’ to Digital Art History
Authors: Wijntjes M.W.A.
Published: November 2020

While automatic computational techniques appear to reveal novel insights in digital art history, a complementary approach seems to get less attention: that of human annotation. We argue and exemplify that a ‘human in the loop’ can reveal insights that may be difficult to detect automatically. Specifically, we focused on perceptual aspects within pictorial art. Using rather simple annotation tasks (e.g. delineate human heights, indicate highlights and classify gaze direction) we could both replicate earlier findings and reveal novel insights into pictorial conventions. We found that Canaletto depicted human figures in rather accurate perspective, varied viewpoint elevation between approximately 3 and 9 m and highly preferred light directions parallel to the projection plane. Furthermore, we found that taking the averaged images of leftward-looking faces reveals a woman, and for rightward-looking faces showed a male, confirming earlier accounts on lateral gender bias in pictorial art. Lastly, we confirmed and refined the well-known light-from-the-top-left bias. Together, the annotations, analyses and results exemplify how manual annotations can contribute and complement to digital art history.
Introduction
Authors: Ke LIN , ZIZEK Boris
Published: November 2020

In the age of digital media, to understand ‘digital youth’ becomes a task of growing importance for academics and educators. This current issue of Beijing International Review of Education (bire) brings together contributions from a group of international scholars to discuss the usage of mobile phones, computers, iPads and the Internet among young people in their daily life, which suggests possible directions to improve education for the younger generation. Based on a review of relevant literature and collected papers of the special issue, this introduction shares some of our responses to the questions referring to the digital changes of young people’s identities, cultures, lifestyles, learning patterns, ways of socialisation and public engagement. It argues that future education innovation must pay attention to a spatiotemporal and sociocultural complexity of young people’s living, learning and literacy in the digital age, which needs a new philosophy of education for the digital youth.
Promoting SME Innovation in China
Authors: Zeng Douglas Zhihua
Published: November 2020

China is at the critical cross road of transforming its development model from a resource and low-tech based one towards a more knowledge and technology intensive one. Evidence shows chat Chinese enterprises, especially SMEs, are facing serious constraints in terms of human resources, technology acquisition and absorption, and access to finance and various innovation services. How to overcome these constraints is the key focus of an effective innovation strategy. This paper is intended to examine these key constraints through a diagnostic analysis, and to provide relevant policy suggestions and good international or domestic examples in various areas.
The Political Economy of Tariff Formation in Vietnam
Authors: Heo Yoon , Kien Tran N.
Published: November 2020

Using a simultaneous equation model of tariffs and impurts, this paper empirically investigates the determinants of tariff rates applied in Vietnam using two-digit ISIC data over the 2001-2006 period. This paper extends the findings of previous studies in Several ways. First, there has been no study thus far conducted that has attempted to apply the endogenous theory of tariffs to explain tariff formation in developing countries, including Vietnam. Second, imports and trade protection are simultaneously modeled using the two-stage least square estimator. Third, this study employed an up-to-date panel dataset that was recently made available in Vietnam, which allowed us to measure the dynamic interactions among trade flows. industry characteristics, and trade protection. The results of this paper showed that tariffs are frequently high in industries with a small number of firms, large employment size, low import penetration, low industry growth rate, and less capital stock. Therefore, the findings of our study on Vietnam provide further evidence favoring the theory of endogenous protection.
Gender Empowerment in South Korean Development: Lessons for Foreign Aid
Authors: Kim Eun Mee , Lee Jae Eun
Published: November 2020

Souch Korea's rapid economic development in the 20th century had in its core women's employment in labor-intensive, export industries. This paper examines South Korea's economic development through the lens of women's employment and gender empowerment. Although women's empowerment was not part of a goal of South Korea's development, large mobilization of women in the exporting light manufacturing sector eventually led to women's empowerment. Using OECD/DAC's guidelines on gender mainstreaming and gender equality, the paper examines how the Souch Korean experience can provide an alternative to women's empowerment in developing countries. We conclude that there has to be greater sensitivity to address gender-related issues including gender-mainstreaming and gender-sensitive budgets in order to help women attain economic as well as political empowerment in development cooperation.
Investing Well by Investing for Good?: Exploring the Motivations of Socially Responsible Investors
Authors: Jun Hannah
Published: November 2020

Investments in socially responsible investing (SRI), an investment process that integrates environmental, social, and governance considerations into investment decisionmaking, have grown rapidly in many areas around the world. But compared to the growth of SRI investments on a global level, there is little clarity in the academic literature about why investors would choose to implement such a strategy. This paper attempts to highlight key theories and approaches to understand the motivetions of socially responsible investors and, in doing so, provide a more robust theoretical framework that underpins the recent global phenomenon.
How to Succeed in the Presence of Financial and Technological Gaps: From the Perspective of Governance Innovation
Authors: Jun Hannah , Woo Wonseok , Kang Hyoung-Goo
Published: November 2020

Conventional wisdom would predict firms with little financial and technological capabilities to fail. This is especially true for such firms in the high-tech sector during periods of industry downturn. In this paper, we ask how firms experiencing financial and technological gaps can succeed by transforming current challenges into opportunities via governance innovation. We select Hynix and the semiconductor industry for the investigation. Hynix emerged from near bankruptcy become the number two player in the global semiconductor memory market. We find that Hynix’s case requires extending prevailing theory to focus on governance and control. We pinpoint specific factors that contributed to Hynix’s success from the perspective of governance innovation for the theoretical extension and suggest practical implications.