bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chlorogenic Acid: HPLC Quantification and In Vitro Assessment of Proliferative and Migration Effects on Human Dermal Fibroblast Cells
Authors: Akpınar Abdulbaki , Demirkaya Miloğlu Fatma , Gündoğdu Gülşah , Güven Leyla , Bayrak Burak , Kadıoğlu Yücel
Published: June 2024

Chlorogenic acid (CA) exhibits diverse biological activities, including antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. This research aims to develop, optimize, and validate an HPLC method to quantify CA in methanol and investigate its in vitro proliferative and cell migration effects on human-dermal-fibroblast (HDF) cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. The HPLC experimental conditions were optimized using the central composite design (CCD) method for determining CA. Chromatographic separation occurred at a wavelength of 330 nm. Under the optimized conditions, the method exhibited linearity across a concentration range of 0.1-100 µg/mL, demonstrating sensitivity (LOQ:0.1µg/mL), precision (RSD%≤3.32), and accuracy (RE%≤4.05). To evaluate the in vitro proliferative and cell migration effects on HDFs, we employed the XTT cell proliferation assay and TAS-TOS commercial kits. The XTT assay revealed that CA displayed a proliferative effect within the concentration range of 75-250 µM (P <0.01), and at a concentration of 125 µM, TAS levels increased significantly (P<0.05). The scratch assay demonstrated that HDF cell migration increased at 12 h, with substantial closure of the wound area at 24 h when treated with CA concentrations between 75-125 µM. The results demonstrate that pure chlorogenic acid extracted from plants exhibits dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation, antioxidant, and cell migration
Determination of Serum Cathepsin G Level in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Terzi Hatice
Published: June 2024

Multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy identified by bone marrow infiltration of clonal plasma cells. It is still not a curable disease under current conditions. Cathepsin G is a serine protease playing a role in inflammation that is present in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils. It is known that there is a relationship between Cathepsin G and chronic inflammatory diseases and tumors. The goal of the study is to define its role in multiple myeloma. In the study, 33 patients newly diagnosed with MM who were never received treatment and 33 control subjects were included. Basic laboratory parameters and Cathepsin G levels were examined both in the myeloma patient group and control group. While the serum CathG level in the control group is 22.84 ng/mL, the serum CathG level of the MM patient group is 10.77 ng/mL. Serum CathG level in the control group is statistically significantly higher than the MM patient group. The aim of the present study is to contribute to the literature in hematological malignancies, to figure out the role of Cathepsin G in multiple myeloma, and to open a door to new treatment options for multiple myeloma, which is an incurable disease, yet.
Efecto de tres tiempos de inundación en la etapa de floración de tres híbridos de maíz en Ecuador
Authors: Gavilánez Luna Freddy Carlos , Carabalí Vargas Ada Anyeline
Published: June 2024

El conocimiento del tiempo de drenaje del maíz y del material vegetativo menos susceptible a la inundación son elementos importantes al momento de diseñar la infraestructura de desagüe en los campos agrícolas. Ante esto, este ensayo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de tres tiempos de saturación hídrica del suelo en tres híbridos de maíz, dentro de la etapa de floración. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar, bajo un esquema factorial de 36 unidades experimentales y con distancia de siembra de 0,90 m x 0,25 m. Se emplearon los híbridos DK-7508, EMBLEMA y ADV9313 (niveles del Factor A); los mismos que en etapa plena de floración se inundaron durante 24, 48 y 72 horas, con un tratamiento testigo (0 horas) (niveles del factor B). Se valoró el tamaño y peso de mazorcas, índice grano/tusa, peso de 100 granos y el rendimiento de granos. Se aplicaron modelos de análisis de varianza con esquemas bi-factoriales, se realizó la prueba de Tukey en la comparación de medias para los híbridos, y ajustes de regresión por polinomios ortogonales para verificar tendencias en cuanto a los tiempos de inundación. Se establecieron diferencias significativas (p<0,05) en todas las variables de acuerdo a los tiempos de inundación, con reducciones en el rendimiento de 36,80%, 18,42% y 18,73% para los híbridos DK-7508, EMBLEMA y ADV9313, respectivamente, a las 72 horas de inundación. Predominó la tendencia lineal en las variables y se determinó un tiempo de drenaje entre 29 y 48 horas para una pérdida máxima del 10%, según el híbrido evaluado.
Power Electronics Innovations: Improving Efficiency and Sustainability in Energy Systems
Authors: Dhameliya Niravkumar
Published: June 2024

This study examines how power electronics advancements might alter energy system efficiency and sustainability. The main goals were to study wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor materials, control algorithms, renewable energy integration, and future trends and problems. Synthesizing current knowledge and trends from peer-reviewed literature, conference papers, and industry reports was done using secondary data. Significant discoveries show that WBG semiconductors like SiC and GaN have superior electrical characteristics, improving power electronic device efficiency and reliability. Model predictive control (MPC) and AI-based control algorithms optimize system performance and handle renewable energy source variability. Modern inverters and converters help integrate renewable energy into the grid, improving energy efficiency and the environment. Policy implications underline the need for supporting regulatory frameworks, research funding, and industry collaboration to reduce cost barriers, ensure interoperability, and optimize power electronics breakthroughs in global energy transitions.
Innovative Additives for Rubber: Improving Performance and Reducing Carbon Footprint
Authors: Ying Deng , Addimulam Srinivas
Published: June 2024

This study investigates how to improve performance and lessen environmental effects by integrating novel compounds into rubber. The principal aims of this study are to evaluate the potential of bio-based additives, sophisticated nanomaterials, and intelligent features to enhance rubber's mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties while reducing carbon emissions. The research assesses recent developments and potential future directions through an extensive secondary data analysis. Important discoveries show that carbon nanotubes and graphene considerably improve durability and tensile strength, while bio-based additives lessen reliance on fossil fuels. The automotive sector benefits significantly from these additives' lightweight and increased energy efficiency. The report also emphasizes the necessity of sustainable end-of-life management and enhanced recyclability. The analysis highlights the significance of policy interventions despite the high costs and scaling issues associated with these materials. To encourage the use of sustainable additives, governments must fund R&D, set precise guidelines, and promote recycling. The rubber sector may make great strides and contribute to industrial performance and environmental sustainability by addressing these constraints through supporting legislation. This study highlights how cutting-edge additives can revolutionize rubber technology in the future.
Effects of Social Media Content on a Firm’s Book-Based and Market-Based Performance
Authors: Naidanov Ilia
Published: June 2024

The success of companies is increasingly dependent on their online image. Therefore, the research has called for a better understanding of the characteristics of a firm’s online content that can enhance a firm’s performance. This study delves into the impact of social media content on both book-based and market-based performances of firms, drawing insights from 32 articles published between 2016 and 2022. The present article encompasses the categorisation and explanation of the economic effects of user- and firm-generated social media content, while also exploring cross-firm and cross-industry spillover effects. The study extends prior research that has primarily focused on the effects of one type of content or the other and only on some specific measures. Moreover, the study visually illustrates the economic effects of social media content on book-based and marked-based firm attributes. These insights provide a valuable resource for firms seeking to optimise their social media strategies to improve performance and for researchers choosing a research agenda.
Vale Doug Campbell (1939–2023)
Authors: Holmes Jim
Published: June 2024

Doug Campbell commenced his life and career in Canada. He joined the Australian telecommunications sector in mid-career and made extended contributions in many different senior management positions in Telecom Australia and Telstra, particularly in modernising the Telstra network, in establishing and managing Telstra Country Wide, and, then, in the early phase of the national broadband network, in NBN Co. Doug died on 2 December 2023, and is sadly missed by his family, friends and former colleagues. This tribute, to which many have contributed, seeks to set Doug’s life and career in the context of the times. He was at the table, often as the key decision-maker, during many of the significant changes in the telecommunications industry during the last decade of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st.
Role of family support in the mental health status of physicians
Authors: Danny Afreen S. , Shovah Sharmeen T. , R. Khan M. Atiqul , Hoque Luna F. , Alam Muhammad N. , Chowdhury Asaduzzaman
Published: June 2024

Background: The mental health and well-being of physicians are increasingly recognized as crucial factors not only for the individual physicians themselves but also for the quality of care they provide to patients. This study aimed to assess the role of family support in the mental health status of physicians.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Community Medicine in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2011 to June 2011. A total of 126 physicians were selected as study subjects as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. A convenience type of non-probability sampling technique was adopted in this study. GHQ- questionnaire was used for the measurement of mental stress. Different statistical methods were used in this study. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 17.0 for Windows was used to analyze the data.  
Results: Among 126 physicians 42 physicians (33.3%) had no evidence of mental stress, 42 physicians (33.3%) had mild mental stress, 29 physicians (23.0%) had moderate mental stress and only 13 physicians (10.3%) had severe mental stress. The study shows that among 32 physicians who didn't get help from family members majority i.e. 29 (90.7%) physicians had mental stress and only 3 (9.4%) physicians had no evidence of mental stress. But 94 physicians got help from family members among which 55 (58.5%) physicians had mental stress and 39 physicians or 41.5% physicians had no evidence of mental stress.
Conclusions: Family support plays a significant role in mitigating stress, while marital status, income, and work environment also impact well-being. Addressing these factors can foster a culture of physician well-being and improve patient care.
Morbidity profiling of patients treated at Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital of the National Institute of Siddha from 2004 to 2023 in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: R. Meenakumari , G. J. Christian , M. Meenakshi Sundaram , Joshua Vasna , T. Lakshmi Kantham , S. Sivakkumar , R. Madhavan , V. Mahalakshmi , M. V. Mahadevan , D. Periyasamy , K. Suresh , A. Muthuvel , M. Marudhu Ramachandran , B. R. Senthilkumar , P. Saminathan , P. Ramesh
Published: June 2024

Background: Understanding the patient flow for health-seeking patterns and utilization of AYUSH care in India has been considered essential for a greater emphasis on mainstreaming and blending into the existing healthcare systems. This study examines the morbidity profiling of patients reporting to Ayothidoss Pandithar Hospital (APH) of the National Institute of Siddha (NIS), Chennai.
Methods: The study included new and old/revisit patients who attended the APH, Outpatient Department (OPD), special OPD, and Inpatient Department (IPD) from October 2004 to December 2023.
Results: Through OPD and IPD, APH has treated 98,94,373 cases and 7,61,754 cases, respectively. The average number of cases treated per day at OPD was 1484, and 115 in IPD. Men were higher in OPD and IPD.  The more common diseases treated during 2012-2023 at OPD were Madhumegam (diabetes mellitus) 13% and Azhal keelvayu (osteoarthritis) 12% whereas, in IPD, it was Thandagavatham (lumbar spondylosis) 9.5% and Pakkavatham (hemiplegia) 9.4%. At APH, 9 X-ray investigations, 44 Varmam therapies, 37 Thokkanam therapies, 497 pathological, 433 biochemical investigations, and 38 microbiological tests were performed each day.
Conclusions: This study reveals the scope of the Siddha system of Medicine in managing Musculoskeletal disorders. The patient data generated at APH would enhance the National Health Policy (NHP) objective of strengthening and prioritizing health services' importance, promoting good health, and creating guidelines for high-quality care.
A comparative study of quality of life of elderly living in old age homes and within family
Authors: Soni Anamika , Lodha Rama S.
Published: June 2024

Background: The traditional family structure in India, which historically offered support to the elderly within joint families, is transforming with the disintegration of such setups. Consequently, the concept of old age homes (OAHs) is gaining traction, and there is a notable surge in individuals turning to OAHs care. Despite this trend, there is limited knowledge about the quality of life (QOL) experienced by the Indian elderly residing in OAHs. Objectives was to understand why the elderly transition to OAHs and compare their QOL concerning physical, psychological, social support and environmental health with those living with family.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, elderly individuals aged above 60 years were examined. Following the acquisition of written consent and the matching process for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, 100 elderly individuals from OAHs and 200 elderly individuals living within family setups were randomly selected for inclusion in the study. WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to assess quality of life.
Results: The study revealed that the physical (40.9) and environmental (35) domains were relatively more favourable for the elderly living with their families. In contrast, the social (55.7) and psychological (51.3) domains showed better outcomes (p<0.05) for elderly residing in OAHs.
Conclusions: Though Family plays a crucial role in influencing various domains of health, in situations where traditional family structures may not be present, efforts to enhance the structure of OAHs can contribute to improving the QOL for individuals.
Patient reported experience measures: an assessment of the in-patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Yathindra Chitra , Saldanha Alvita Lurdin
Published: June 2024

Background: The key factor that helps the healthcare industry stand out from its competitors is identifying the needs of patients and taking timely measures to meet those needs. One such factor in identifying patient needs is assessing the experience of the patients that has been reported. This study aims to assess the level of patient reported experience measures of the inpatient level in a tertiary care teaching hospital and also to identify the determinants affecting patient experience.
Methods: This study used questionnaires to get information from 997 in-patients about the level of patient experiences in the chosen tertiary care teaching hospital. The study was conducted between 1st January 2023 to 31st January 2023.
Results: The study showed that more than 60% of the respondents opined they strongly agreed that their experience with doctors and nurses was good. More than 50% of the respondents had a good experience with regards to billing services. This study has attempted to identify various aspects that measure patient experience and has suggested measures to improve the patient satisfaction.
Conclusions: The expectations that a patient has from the healthcare sector and the instances where the healthcare sector meets those expectations play a crucial role in determining the success of a healthcare institute. This study suggested various measures to be undertaken in order to improve the patient satisfaction based on the patient reported experiences.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of fluorosis among Indian dentists: a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study
Authors: Mandanka Srushti , Pillai Jayasankar P. , Desai Tilomi , Modi Yash
Published: June 2024

Background: Dental fluorosis is a significant public health problem in India as drinking water with high fluoride is widespread throughout the country. Although dentists are key players in the prevention and management of the condition, little is known about their knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to fluorosis.
Methods: A cross-sectional study on an Indian dentist population was conducted. A 13-question survey was completed by participants in January 2023 - April 2023 using simple random sampling. The questionnaire included some demographic data and information on the source of knowledge and risk factors of fluorosis, related diseases, proper diagnostic measures and treatment and the point of view concerning prophylaxis. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 23.
Results: Nearly half were aware of drinking water as a key source of fluoride, however all had gaps in knowledge regarding additional sources and adequate level of fluoride. Most of dentists wanted bleaching and veneers; preferences varied while attitudes towards prevention were positive, the study found a gap in applying sections of the essential knowledge and identified that competence in fluorosis management should be improved with educational interventions.
Conclusions: Knowledge and practices regarding fluorosis are variable among Indian dentists, with significant gaps in understanding of this condition and its diagnosis. There is a need for educational programs, interdisciplinary work and public awareness in these areas to improve management of fluorosis and oral health. Integration of the subject of fluorosis in the undergraduate courses are recommended to fill the gaps of knowledge and competence in health professionals.
Treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients in the directly observed treatment short course centres of Dibrugarh, Assam
Authors: Rajkhowa Julee , Ahmed Sultana J. , Mahanta Tulika G. , Gogoi Gourangie
Published: June 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), second leading cause of mortality in India. Despite of so many efforts of National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP), tuberculosis is still prevalent. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess socio-demographic, clinical profile and treatment outcomes of patients on fixed drug combination (FDC) daily regimen.
Methods: Retrospective record-based study was conducted in two DOTS centres of Dibrugarh selected using simple random sampling. A total of 85 medical record were selected and reviewed. Information from treatment card were extracted using a pre-designed online format. Data collected were entered and analysed in SPSS version 25 software and presented using descriptive statistics.
Results: Total of 85 patients records were reviewed. Gender ratio was 54.1%: 45.9% for male:female. Majority 31.8% belonged to most productive age group of 25-34 years of age. Treatment completion rate was 80%, cured rate was 18.8% while 1.2% was died.
Conclusions: Male gender were reported with higher incidence of Tuberculosis. The low percentage of cure rate suggested the need for strengthening of TB services in the DOTs centres.
Correlates of psychological well-being of school going teenager girls in Chandigarh, India
Authors: Singh Chandni , Walia Dinesh Kumar , Prashar Savita
Published: June 2024

Background: Adolescence is a period characterized by significant challenges to mental health as they may experience a multitude of unfamiliar changes in their lives, accompanied by stress and anxiety. Hence, this life stage demands additional care and attention to foster a healthy transition into adulthood. Objective of the study is to find the correlates of psychological well-being of school going adolescent girls of Chandigarh.
Methods: cross-sectional study, conducted among 168, school going adolescent girls within the age group of 13 to 19 years. Descriptive and analytical statistics were utilized were used to find the correlation between DAS with other variables.
Results: Out of 168 (N) participants, 49.5% had depressive symptoms, 58.9% participants suffered from anxiety and 28.6% suffered from stress. 22.6% suffered from severe and 1.2% had extremely severe anxiety issues. Chi-square analysis revealed that relationship with family, occupation of parents and ages of respondents have strong significant correlation with DAS (Depression, Anxiety and Stress). High anxiety levels were seen in 13-15 years of age group. Age and academic pressure came out be a significant risk factor for DAS among girls. The Logistic regression analysis shows that the demographic characters do not have a significant influence on the mental health of adolescents.
Conclusions: Study suggests need of open-healthy communication, a balanced lifestyle, positive peer relationships, strong family support, and self-care as key measures for fostering good psychological well-being of school going teenager girls. Investigations can be done to find the risk factors affecting at emotional level.
Barriers to healthcare and health seeking behaviors among elderly people living in rural regions of India: a study based on 9 villages in Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Zaidi Ilham , Chaudhary Shikhar , Sharma Twinkle , Vardha Jagadeswari , Khayum Abdul , Anjum Sahifa , Bakshi Aditi , Nuguru Gayathree
Published: June 2024

Background: The elderly population in India is experiencing exponential growth and facing various health and well-being challenges. This demographic shift is especially pronounced in rural areas, affecting social, financial, family, and transportation aspects, subsequently impacting health and well-being. This study aims to comprehensively understand these needs and priorities by exploring the multifaceted challenges faced by the elderly in India.
Methods: An exploratory qualitative research study with a quantitative component was conducted in 9 villages in Uttar Pradesh’s Siddhartha Nagar District. Participants included individuals aged 60 years and above (n=29, M:F ratio of 13:16). Data were collected using Focus Group Discussions and Personal Interviews to assess the challenges faced by the geriatric population. The methodology involved multi-directional interactive sessions focusing on health, illness, and coping.
Results: Participants averaged over 5.8 medical conditions. Those with better Socio-Economic Status (SES) reported multiple conditions but fewer troubles, while the majority, being very poor, did not consider health a primary concern. There were no complaints about the lack of public health facilities or transportation. The study highlights the complex interactions between healthcare, family, and financial difficulties that older people in rural India experience, underscoring the need for specialised treatments. The low level of knowledge about government programmes emphasises the need for improved outreach techniques to close existing accessibility gaps.
Conclusions: The study recommends focused interventions and improved policies to meet the unique needs of India's rural elderly population. Policymakers and healthcare providers can enhance the well-being of this vulnerable demographic by understanding the complex nature of their issues.
Informal caregiver burden among carers of bedridden elderly: a cross sectional study in North Kerala
Authors: Sajeev Anjala V. , John Cyril
Published: June 2024

Background: In the cultural context of India, informal caregiving stands as the foremost form of support to the elderly. This study investigates the status of caregiver burden and it’s psychological impact on informal caregivers of bedridden elderly in rural north Kerala, India. The study also delves into the socio-demographic factors associated with caregiver burden as well as psychological distress among family caregivers.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study. The data was collected from (n=120) caregivers using the burden assessment scale and psychological distress assessment scale. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests were employed in this study.
Results: The study results reveal that female informal caregivers experience a higher caregiver burden compared to the male counterpart. Most caregivers experience mild to moderate levels of burden and significant levels of stress anxiety and depression. Caregiver burden has a significant difference with the type of relationship with the care recipient and duration of care.
Conclusions: This study implies that there is a need for multifaceted interventions to alleviate the caregiver burden and address the psychological manifestations among caregivers.
A study on household medicine wastage and disposal practices with screening of water samples for antibiotic presence in a South Indian district
Authors: David Rosme , Jayachandran Mamatha , Palatty Princy Louis
Published: June 2024

Background: Pharmaceuticals in the environment is known since last two decades. As hospitals and pharma industries, household medicines also need proper disposal otherwise they will gradually find their way into environment. So, we did a survey of residents in major metro city to understand their medicine wastage as well as disposal practices.
Methods: Pharmaceuticals in the environment is known since last two decades. As hospitals and pharma industries, household medicines also need proper disposal otherwise they will gradually find their way into environment. So, we did a survey of residents in major metro city to understand their medicine wastage as well as disposal practices.
Results: The water samples screened for antibiotic presence were all negative from 10 locations. A total population of 749 people, from 165 houses were included in the study. Leftover medicines were found in 75.8% houses, of which 5.36% houses had leftover antibiotics. Garbage disposal (58.2%) was the most commonly observed method of medicine disposal. Good attitude towards proper antibiotic disposal was independently significant with higher education (OR=2.5, 95% CI= 1.05-6.17), employment (OR=2.1, 95% CI= 1.05-4.3), and upper middle-class families (OR=2.4, 95% CI= 1.08-5.21).
Conclusions: Lack of proper guidelines for household medicine disposal across the country is reflected in our community too. Although this study could not detect antibiotics in the canal water, the emerging resistance pattern across the state reflects it could be there. Therefore, immediate action on medicine waste collections needs to be implemented.
Effectiveness of yoga interventions on stress and anxiety levels of school teachers during COVID-19 era in Anand district, Gujarat
Authors: Patel Dhruv H. , Gohel Manisha K. , Phatak Ajay G.
Published: June 2024

Background: During coronavirus outbreak, lockdown was implemented in India and online teaching was adopted as new teaching method. This shifting in teaching pattern may increase the burden on mental health of school teachers and cause various mental health issues. Therefore, this study was done to assess stress and anxiety levels of teachers and impact of yoga intervention on them.
Methods: An interventional study was conducted with teachers of five English medium schools. Pre-test was done for the assessment of stress and anxiety by using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) scale respectively. Yoga intervention was done virtually once a week for three months. Participants were asked to practice the yoga daily on their own. After three months, post-test was done using similar questionnaire.
Results: A total of 136 teachers were enrolled in this study. On pre-test, moderate perceived stress was observed in 95 (69.9%) participants. 38 (27.9%) participants were having mild anxiety symptoms and 74 (54.5%) participants were having no anxiety symptoms. Pre PSS mean score was 17.28 (SD=5.90) and Post PSS mean score was 13.29 (SD=4.30). Pre GAD-7 mean score was 4.88 (SD=4.28) and Post GAD-7 mean score was 4.24 (SD=3.13). There were highly significant mean differences between pre-post comparison of PSS and GAD-7 (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The study showed significant level of stress and anxiety among teachers. Yoga intervention of three months was effective in reducing stress and anxiety levels in teachers.
Psychological patterns in pre-graduate students in Tirupati district
Authors: Kapu Ashok Kumar Reddy , Upadrasta Venkata Prasad , Sibbala Bharathi , Bathina Hemalatha , Sadasivuni Renuka , Ponna Satyendra Nath , Babu Geddam J. J.
Published: June 2024

Background: Adolescent age can be a stressful experience for young people with a wide range of concerns. Comprehensive studies on psychological patterns among pre-graduate students in India are meagre. Therefore, this study aimed to assess psychological morbidities and quality of life in them.
Methods: The study recruited 567 students aged 15-18 years, who pursued pre-graduate courses at government (300) and private (267) colleges in and around Tirupati and Chandragiri, Andhra Pradesh, India. Information was collected about their physical and psychological health, substance abuse and usage of electronic gadgets. The levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and sleeplessness were assessed.
Results: A significant association was observed in the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among government and private college students at levels of 1%, 10% and 5%, respectively. Higher levels of depression were observed in 44.8% of students; depression was high in girls and government college students. Often, girls experience higher levels of stress leading to psychological illnesses than boys due to their inability to share their feelings and fears among family members. The proportion of poor family health indicators was significantly high in students with moderately low levels of anxiety. Poor sleep had decreased as the depression worsened from borderline to higher levels in boys and decreased even with mild mood disturbances in girls.
Conclusions: Management strategies at personal, institutional and social levels are to be developed after understanding the risk factors of psychological morbidities in students.
Infant and young child feeding knowledge and practices among mothers of under-5 children in Nadia district, West Bengal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Saha Rakhi , Pal Jayita , Ghosh Manoj
Published: June 2024

Background: Age-appropriate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practice (exclusive breastfeeding till 6 months and adequate diet in a child aged 6-24 months i.e. age-appropriate number of food groups in sufficient amount and age-appropriate number of meals per day) and maintenance of hygiene are of paramount importance to promote child growth and survival. Despite several guidelines, IYCF remains an unsolved issue in the background of the significantly high proportion of malnutrition as well as under-five mortalities globally as well as in India. The current study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices related to IYCF among mothers and to find out the predictors of the same in a rural area of West Bengal.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 351 mothers of under-five children in Nadia district, west Bengal with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested semi-structured schedule. Multi-stage random sampling was done. Data were entered into MS Excel and analysed in the SPSS 21.0 version.
Results: The study found that the majority (49.3% and 74.5% respectively) had an average knowledge and practice score related to infant and young child feeding. Bivariate analyses revealed that the mothers having educational levels more than higher-secondary had higher odds of good IYCF knowledge; also those who had experienced "ASHA’s home visit within one month" had higher odds of good IYCF practice.
Conclusions: Adequate and consistent implementation of existing government policies can bridge the gap of knowledge and thereby practice of infant and young child feeding.
Dietary habits and nutritional status of upper primary school children covered under Mid-Day Meal scheme in rural Punjab
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Halder Pritam , Srivastava Rachana , Singh Tarundeep , Khanna Poonam
Published: June 2024

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the dietary habits and nutritional status of upper primary school children covered under mid-day meal scheme (MDMS) in rural Punjab.
Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted among 336 adolescent (10-15 years) students of 6th to 8th standard randomly selected from 11 government/ municipality schools selected randomly from the total 112 schools rural Punjab in 2018. After taking informed written assent/ consent, pretested, semi structured questionnaire was administered. Anthropometric measurements were taken to establish malnutrition, underweight, stunting, wasting and overweight.
Results: Majority (90%) liked the MDMS which was being served to them.  There was 96% regularity in attending the school daily with a slightly less emphasis on the cleanliness maintenance (73%) of the children by the schoolteachers. Malnutrition and underweight were 59% and 50% prevalent, respectively. The prevalence of stunting was higher in girls (30%). In boys (154) both the stunting and wasting was 23%, with 5% and 6% prevalence of overweight and at risk of overweight respectively. Whereas in case of girls (182), the prevalence of stunting (30%) was more than wasting (25%) with less girls (3% each) being overweight and at risk of overweight.
Conclusions: Regularity and attendance were up to mark due to increased likeliness of the food by majority of the students, though cleanliness should be improved further. Higher prevalence of malnutrition, wasting and stunting was observed which was even higher among girls. Overweight and risk of overweight was higher among boys. Hence, nutritional status was unsatisfactory.
Impact of ambient and indoor air pollution on birth weight: a systematic review
Authors: Sundar Jasmine S. , S. Hema Priya A.
Published: June 2024

The global burden of disease caused by particulate matter exposure has increased significantly. Increasing epidemiological evidence indicates that ambient particulate matter pollution is associated with unfavorable health outcomes, including adverse birth outcomes. In addition to several determinants studies have correlated birth weight with prenatal exposure to particulate matter. This review aims to examine the relationship of pollutants with low birth weight. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases. A total of 96 studies were reviewed and 18 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In India exposure to ambient PM2.5 is strongly associated with low birth-weight. In Thailand, the entire pregnancy exposure was associated with reduced birth weight both for PM10 and biomass burning. The multiple GAM model have shown a direct and significant relationship between exposure to PM10 and SO2 on low birth weight. A 10 μg/m3 increase in gap-filled satellite-based whole-pregnancy PM2.5 exposures was associated with a change in birth weight. The critical window period for exposure varied between the geographical locations. All of this research is subjected to several limitations regarding the assessment of outcome-exposure. We demonstrated that, maternal exposure to particulate matter during the pregnancy could increase the risk of low birth weight, and the critical window period differed for geographical locations. These findings expand our knowledge of the harmful effects of PM2.5 and biomass burning on new-born weight. Therefore, pregnant women should be informed about the negative consequences of air pollution and avoid exposure to polluted air during pregnancy.
Validation of the colposcopic report for screening intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer
Authors: Katz Leticia M. C. , Vasconcelos Ana L. R. de , Oliveira Sydia R. de A. , Resende Júlio C. P. , Carvalho Andre L.
Published: June 2024

For optimal cervical cancer care pathway, effective communication among colposcopist professionals regarding colposcopic findings, diagnosis, and treatment of intraepithelial lesions is crucial; standardization of the colposcopic report may serve as a beneficial strategy for this purpose. Elaborate and validate the colposcopic report for screening intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer using a committee of specialists. This validation study used the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) to verify the agreement of judges per item, and the scale-level content validity index (S-CVI) to determine the mean of the proportion of items classified as "no disagreement"; items with an I-CVI≥0.80 and S-CVI≥0.90 were considered approved. The binomial test was used to select the items that should be revised based on the p value of the proportion (rejecting the H0 if p≤0.8); statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Seven judges participated in this study. The 11 items of the Colposcopic Report were validated, but items classified as “disagreement” (1, 2, 5, and 9) or “neither agree nor disagree” (3, 10, and 11) were taken to a consensus meeting. Six of the seven judges of the first stage participated in the consensus meeting. Suggestions for modifying item nine were not accepted, and item 11 underwent a slight modification. The colposcopic report was validated and achieved greater reliability, suggesting its inclusion in the cancer information system.
Bilateral alloplastic temporomandibular joint reconstruction with orthognathic surgery: a case report of idiopathic condylar resorption
Authors: Alali Yasser S. , Habeeb Khaled M. Al , Malhook Khaled A. Al
Published: June 2024

Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) also known as cheerleader’s syndrome, progressive condylar resorption, idiopathic condylysis, and condylar atrophy can be defined as chronic ongoing changes of condylar shape and decrease in mass. It is characterized by an excessive physical stress to the articular structures of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) that exceeds the normal adaptive capacity. Consequently, leading to decrease condylar head volume, decrease ramus height, progressive mandibular retrusion in adults, or decreased growth rate in adolescents. A case report of a 30-year-old female based on the history, clinical, and radiographic examination has class II skeletal relationship secondary to bilateral ICR, receded chin, vertical maxillary excess (VME) and canting. Surgical treatment plan was established using 3D Systems, Inc., (“3DS”) VSP® and case was managed by bilateral total alloplastic temporomandibular joint reconstruction (BATMJR) with orthognathic surgery to do LeFort I, bilateral condylectomy, genioplasty, and inferior border osteotomy. The case report includes one-year follow-up which shows stable outcome, emphasizing long-term success of comprehensive treatment strategy in addressing skeletal class II malocclusion associated with ICR.
The impact of Flexner's report on medical education in Sub-Saharan Africa Sudan as an example
Authors: Adam Masoud I. , Eljac Ibrahim A. , El-Ashkar Ayman M.
Published: June 2024

Flexner’s Report 1910 is one of the most important and influential events in the history of medicine worldwide that led to the emergence of modern medical education. reforms of medical education took places as results of this report leading to the establishment of the biomedical model as the gold standard of medical training. Objectives: to identify the impact of Flexner's Report on Medical Education in Sub-Saharan Africa taking Sudan as an example more than 100 years after the report. The health system and medical education in Sub-Saharan Africa during the colonial era and after independence were studied. Conclusion: Medical education in Sub-Saharan Africa has not yet received a holistic review, reforms, and standardization and the health system needs more educational strategic planning. Multiple factors play a role in preventing the modernization of medical education in Sub-Saharan Africa, such as the poor economic status of these countries, inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and educational standards, large annual students intake, and lack of appropriately qualified teaching staff.
Teaching reform and practice of medical parasitology under the perspective of “one health”
Authors: Zhao Wei , Yan Baolong , Huang Huicong , Liang Shaohui
Published: June 2024

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China underscored the significance of prioritizing people's health as a development strategy. Due to global warming, the rapid expansion of tourism, escalating population migration, and the excessive exploitation of natural resources, the frequency of zoonotic and foodborne parasitic diseases is increasing, posing a grave threat to the well-being of humans, animals, and the environment, which is collectively known as “One Health”. Parasitology is an indispensable discipline in the domains of animal medicine, environmental health, and food safety, particularly in the context of the “One Health” initiative. By integrating the concept of “one health” into parasitism teaching practices, we aim to transform traditional teaching methods, refresh educational resources, and enhance the quality of education. This comprehensive approach is designed to emphasize the interconnectedness of medical parasitism with animal medicine, environmental conservation, and societal development. By doing so, we aim to meet the evolving needs of the new era and emerging medical sciences, fulfilling the aspirations of being a “trusted doctor of the people and the party”. Ultimately, this approach will contribute to building a stronger and healthier human community, enhancing students' understanding, capabilities, and appreciation of the “One Health” paradigm.
Update of modified Kuppuswamy scale for the year 2024
Authors: Mandal Irena , Hossain Samar Raesa
Published: June 2024

Socioeconomic status (SES) serves as a pivotal determinant influencing the health outcomes of individuals and families. This multifaceted indicator not only encapsulates an individual's occupational status and income but also encompasses their access to resources, education, and social support networks. SES provides critical insights that help address disparities by allowing for the tailoring of development projects and government initiatives to meet the specific needs of diverse communities. This, in turn, promotes equitable growth and enhances access to quality education and healthcare. By leveraging socioeconomic data, policymakers can craft more inclusive economic and social policies, fostering a more just and balanced society.
Sünnete Farklı Yaklaşımlar ve Bu Yaklaşımlar Üzerine Bazı Tenkitler (Hanefî Mezhebi Fıkıh Eserleri Özelinde)
Authors: Erdim Sinan
Published: June 2024

Fıkıh kitaplarında mezheplerin kullandıkları sünnet kavramında bir kargaşanın varlığından söz etmek mümkündür. Bunun sebepleri arasında mezheplerin sünnet anlayışlarının birbirinden farklı olması, fıkhî kavramların henüz oturmamış olması ve mezheplerin hadîslere yaklaşım tarzlarının birbirinden farklı olması gibi birçok etkeni saymak mümkündür. Bu bağlamda Hanefî mezhebince sahâbe uygulamaları da sünnet kabul edildiği için bu mezhebin kaynak kitaplarında herhangi bir eylem için sünnet ifadesi kullanıldığı zaman sünnetin kaynağı Hz. Peygamber veya sahâbe olabilmektedir. Kimi zaman bazı eylemler için kullandıkları sünnet ifadesinin kaynağının belirsiz olması da mümkündür. Bu duruma Hanefî mezhebinde abdeste başlarken niyet edilmesinin sünnet sayılması örnek olarak verilebilir. Ancak herhangi bir rivâyette bu eylemin Hz. Peygamber’e veya sahâbeye nisbet edildiğine rastlamak mümkün değildir. Aynı şekilde bu kaynaklarda abdest almaya eûzu-besmele ile başlamak da sünnet olarak ifade edilmiştir. Ancak bu konunun dayanağı da nakledilen bazı zayıf hadîslerdir. Benzer durumlar diğer mezhepler için de söz konusu olmakla beraber çalışmanın boyutlarının aşmaması için bu çalışmamızda Hanefî mezhebi özelinde bu konu ele alınacaktır.
Prof. Dr. Yusuf Benli (1958-2024) Hocamızın Ardından
Authors: Kılıçarslan Ünal
Published: June 2024

Gök kubbe, kendisini Allah’a adamış olan âlimlerin, âriflerin ve âbidlerin takva dolu yüreklerine hayrandır. O insanlar ki şu fani âlemde tek dertleri Allah’ın davasına hizmet etmektir. Dillerinde daima zikir vardır. Kalpleri ise tevazu denen cevher ile süslüdür. İşte böyle bir insandı merhum hocamız Yusuf Benli. O, 66 yıllık ömrüne, 13 yıllık öğretmenlik hayatına ve kesintisiz devam eden 30 yıllık akademik hayatına sayısız öğrencisinin ve dostunun yüreklerine dokunan çalışmalar ortaya koymuştu. Şimdi bizlere düşen görev de hocamızın ardından hayır duada bulunmak, ilmi mirasına sahip çıkmak ve naçizane her platformda hocamızın ilmi ve ulvi meziyetlerini anlatmak için gayret etmektir. Bu bağlamda hazırladığımız çalışma da bir vefeyat yazısı olma niteliğini taşımanın yanında büyük bir ilim adamının anılmasına ve anlatılmasına hizmet etmektedir.
Yezîdilerde Sünnet Merasimi ve Kirveliğin Birlikte Yaşama Kültüründeki Yeri: Midyat Örneği
Authors: İbrahimoğlu Yunus
Published: June 2024

Farklı din ile kültürlerin etkisine açık olan ve daha çok şifahî bilginin hâkim olduğu Midyat Yezîdilerinin, bölgedeki diğer din ve inanca sahip topluluklarla iletişim ve etkileşimleri, aydınlatılmaya muhtaç konulardandır. Bu bağlamda Mardin coğrafyasının dinî mozaiklerinden ve Midyat ilçesiyle köylerinde yaşayan Yezîdilerin, diğer Müslüman gruplarla geliştirdikleri “Sünnet Merasimi ve Kirvelik” uygulamaları, gözlem ve mülakat tekniğine başvurularak incelenmiştir. Görüşmeler, bir dönem Avrupa ülkelerinde yaşayıp geri dönen ve artık inşa ettikleri köylerinde ikamet eden Yezîdilerle yapılmıştır. Bunlar, yerleşim yerlerine kalıcı olarak yerleşip belli bir yaşın üzerinde olan ve Yezîdi inancında herhangi bir değişimin olmadığı üyelerdir. Yezîdi toplumunda önemli dinî uygulamalardan sayılan sünnet, öteki gruplarla olan birlikteliklerinde mühim bir işleve sahip bir tür etkileşim aracına dönüştürülmüştür. Öyle ki Midyat bölgesinde yaşayan Yezîdiler arasında kutsal olduğuna inanılan sünnet ve beraberinde getirmiş olduğu kirvelik müessesesinin zamanla aileler arasında dostane ilişkilerin kurulmasının yanı sıra iki önemli işlevinin daha olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Burada etkili olan faktörler ise bir Yezîdinin ancak bir Yezîdi ile evlenebilmesi kaidesinden hareketle Yezîdilerin diğer gruplarla olabilecek evliliğini engelleme çabası ve ölümün dinle kurulan bağlantısı olmuştur. Böylece kirvelik bir yandan stratejik ittifaklar kalkanı olarak kullanılmış diğer yandan da dinî ritüel sayılan ölünün doğduğu topraklarda defnedilmesi sorumluluğunun yerine getirebilmesi için tercih edilen alternatif yol olarak işletilmiştir.
UMA PROPOSTA DE EDUCAÇÃO MIDIÁTICA PARA INSTITUIÇÕES MILITARES DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Bernardes Fortes Nathalia , Carvalho da Silva Michel
Published: June 2024

Trata-se de um estudo de caso ancorado na ideia de implantação da educação midiática em escolas assistenciais de ensino fundamental da Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB), analisando oportunidades. Para isso, o artigo inicialmente discute as aproximações teóricas e práticas entre educomunicação e educação midiática, a partir da bibliografia de referência do campo. Em seguida, a partir de documentos regulatórios (leis e normas internas), apresenta-se a proposta de educação midiática para as instituições militares com o objetivo de possibilitar aos alunos a leitura crítica da mídia e o uso consciente e responsável das tecnologias digitais de comunicação. Ao final, constata-se a complexidade desse espaço formal de ensino para a implantação de novas abordagens pedagógicas.