bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development of animal models for autism: A gene-environment approach
Authors:   , Ranger Peter
Published: November 2021

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by social, communicative, and behavioural deficits. Despite decades of research in this field, effective pharmacological treatments for ASD are still lacking and better animal models for this disorder are urgently needed. Although it is now well understood that both genetic and environmental influences play a role in the aetiology of ASD, most existing animal models for this disorder only take into account one of these aetiological contributors and have largely ignored investigating an interaction. The main aim of this thesis was to develop a novel animal model for ASD that demonstrated higher construct validity than traditional models by using a gene-environment approach. To this aim, two previously established environmental risk factor-based models for ASD were each combined with a genetic rat model that mimicked a genotype associated with ASD. Specifically, a maternal immune activation model (modelled via prenatal administration of lipopolysaccharide) and a prenatal exposure to valproate model (modelled via prenatal administration of valproate) were both combined with a serotonin transporter (SERT) knockout rat model. Next, experimental rats were investigated in a variety of paradigms designed to detect behavioural, biochemical, and immunological outcomes related to ASD. This thesis tested the hypothesis that rats with a genetically compromised SERT function would be more vulnerable to the impacts of the two environmental risk factors. Collectively, the data from this thesis show that rats with a genetically compromised SERT function are not more vulnerable to the impacts of a maternal immune activation or prenatal exposure to VPA. In fact, at least with regards to prenatal exposure to valproate, rats with a compromised SERT function actually appeared more resilient to ASD-like outcomes.
Guiding Light: The Architecture of Sleep for Dementia
Authors:   , Kluger Scott
Published: November 2021

Disruptive sleeping behaviours are a key symptom of dementia that accelerates transition from the home towards full time institutional care. For thousands of families in New Zealand, respite facilities offer a temporary relief from this symptom in an attempt to prolong care at home. However the predominant use of pharmaceutical therapy coupled with unstimulating care environments leads to sleeping behaviours deteriorating upon returning home.  In order to provide an alternative approach to pharmaceutical therapy and research towards treating disruptive sleep behaviour, this thesis addresses pre-existing inter-disciplinary literature, field trips, international precedents and an iterative method of design to investigate: How can the architecture of a respite facility improve sleeping behaviours and instigate meaningful environmental research within dementia care?  Environmental strategies involving light, movement and community were identified as key objectives towards improving sleep behaviour within the design. Introducing a shared courtyard with the public that facilitated continuous movement alongside the circadian rhythms of the sun, allowed a design that would engage with all three objectives in order to improve sleep behaviour of residents with mild symptoms of dementia. As symptoms progress, the adoption of an artificial lighting environment in a purpose built sleep lab allowed a space for scientific enquiry to the nature and treatment of sleep for those with later stages of dementia. The final design integrates both natural and artificial environments into a single respite facility, strengthening its therapeutic potential to prolong home care for the thousands of families affected by dementia in New Zealand.
Oceanic Creative Practice: Re-evaluating indigenous spatial strategies as relevant to twenty-first century creative exploration and practice
Authors:   , Meadows Jodi Marie
Published: November 2021

“Oceania is vast, Oceania is expanding, Oceania is hospitable and generous, Oceania is humanity rising from the depths of brine and regions of fire deeper still, Oceania is us.”¹  ­‐ Epeli Hau’ofa  This research investigates how indigenous visual spatial strategies can be used to assist in the definition of a framework that helps characterise Oceanic perspectives and methods of creative practice. Cultural diversity in the New Zealand context holds important potential for explaining expressions of use and continuing the development of Oceanic creative practice. I will assert that the indigenous spatial strategy known as vā (space) holds important potential to help understand the significance of collective relationships within the Oceanic creative community. Vā is an indigenous spatial strategy that captures the process of engaging with and nurturing connections that, I argue, should be at the forefront of the definition for Oceanic creative practice. By comparing established Eurocentric understandings of creative disciplines and processes to indigenous understandings and methodologies, this research will posit indigenous spatial strategies as not only relevant but pivotal to 21st-century creative exploration and practice. This research will contribute to the outlining of a framework that helps to define the authentic values held within Oceanic creative practice.  ¹ Epeli Hau'ofa, "Our Sea of Islands," The Contemporary Pacific 6, no. 1 (1994): 160.
The Ethics of Infectious Disease Control: Lessons from the Ebola outbreak and an ethical framework
Authors:   , McIvor Joshua
Published: November 2021

Ebola virus disease (EVD) devastated its way into news headlines in 2014, destroying communities across three West African countries and costing the lives of over 11,000 people. The global health response was widely scrutinised and criticised, and though the outbreak is now over, there are still many lessons that can be learned from the 2014 EVD outbreak. This thesis will use the EVD outbreak in two ways. Firstly, I will use the EVD outbreak as a case study through which I will strive to address the ethical concerns for using experimental treatment during the outbreak, and I will address ethical concerns of the use of quarantine during the outbreak. Second, I will use the EVD outbreak as a launch pad to examine broader and more abstract ethical principles of the ethics of infectious disease control, such as the principles of reciprocity, transparency, proportionality, and the harm principle. This discussion will highlight how physical, biological features of a disease very much impact the application of the above principles when it comes to controlling the disease in an ethical manner. Finally, from this observation, I have created a ‘disease taxonomy’ that categorises infectious diseases based upon, what I argue, are the most ethically relevant biological features of infectious diseases. The taxonomy can aid in preparing for, understanding, and responding to the most pertinent ethical issues that surround various infectious diseases. The thesis should leave the reader with not only a greater understanding of some of the ethical issues raised by the 2014 EVD outbreak, but also a solid framework to utilise in discussing the most pertinent ethical issues of any future outbreak of any infectious disease.
A Shore Thing - Flipping the Coast
Authors:   , Inwood Thomas
Published: November 2021

A Shore Thing explores an alternative approach to the way future development can occur within New Zealand’s coastal hinterland regions.  As global cities continue to expand in size and population, the desire and necessity to move ‘away’ is becoming increasingly prevalent. Wellington is a city that is densifying, yet due to its natural topography, it cannot expand. Townships within the Greater Wellington region are already growing and developing with a lack of developmental strategies to deal with more ermanent residents. As part of this growth, Transmission Gully motorway is a major infrastructural development occurring within the region to improve the connection between the Kapiti Coast and Wellington. Questions are raised…How will this infrastructure affect the townships? Can they withstand an influx of residents? What will happen to the natural process within this landscape?  The main intention of this thesis is to develop a scheme for how people could settle within hinterland regions, specifically Paekakariki on the Kapiti Coast. The implementation of Transmission Gully stimulates Kapiti’s potential as a satellite region to Wellington city. This thesis will explore how infrastructure and landscape urbanism can be employed within a rural landscape to achieve a considered strategy that mitigates future pressures on a growing region. The role of landscape architecture plays an important role when exploring and understanding the varying scales within the scheme to ensure a legible framework is generated that integrates ecology, infrastructure, housing and public life.
E hine, ngā whāea: Teen mothering in the gaze
Authors:   , Adcock Anna
Published: November 2021

In Aotearoa New Zealand, teen pregnancy is associated with social disadvantage and being ‘Māori’. Research on teen motherhood typically focuses on ‘risks’ and ‘dangers’, such as lower educational attainment and welfare ‘dependency’. These images cast young Māori mothers as abnormal and deviant – as perpetually deficit. Hence, public (and public service) perceptions of these women are often negative. This study displaces the deficit lens, and explores the lived realities of fifteen young (teen) Māori mothers, and the perspectives of their whānau. The purpose of this research was to understand the life circumstances of young Māori mothers, to examine the role of the state in their lives, and to make suggestions for service improvements. It draws on data from the E Hine study (Women’s Health Research Centre, Otago University, Wellington). Young mothers participating in E Hine were interviewed three to seven times over a three-year period, with up to two whānau interviews conducted for each young woman. The data set for this thesis, comprising of fifteen young Māori mothers and their whānau, totalled eighty-four in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was thematic, and was informed by Foucault’s concepts of the medical and disciplinary gazes, and postcolonial notions of the colonial gaze. The research suggests that public health and social services, as well as public perceptions, seek to regulate these young women according to Eurocentric conceptions of normality; and in doing so, stigmatize and disengage them, thus creating barriers to positive outcomes. Despite this, these young mothers resist disempowerment, and hope for a better future for themselves and their whānau. Their stories are a testament to the fact that being young and Māori and mothering does not equate to failure. By treating young Māori mothers with respect and empathy, support services could be improved.
The Three Pathways to Happiness: How Orientations to Pleasure, Engagement, and Meaning Relate to Grit and Well-Being in a Longitudinal, International Sample
Authors:   , Ross Catherine
Published: November 2021

Orientations to happiness (OTH)--to what extent people endorse pleasure, engagement, and meaning--and Grit--perseverance and passion for long term goals--have not been studied together longitudinally before. Further, grit and OTH have not been investigated together along with a measure of psychological well-being before. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the links between and among OTH, grit, and well-being through a number of longitudinal mediation analyses. Data from the International Well-Being Study was used, in which 755 participants completed surveys at five time points over one year. The results illustrated that all of the variables were positively related to each other over time, except for a negative relationship found between grit and pleasure OTH. Pleasure, meaning and engagement were all found to be significant predictors and outcomes of the longitudinal mediations of grit to well-being and of well-being to grit. Additionally, engagement was found to be the only OTH pathway that was a marginally significant mediator of the relationship between grit and well-being. Future research should further investigate the relationships between OTH, grit and well-being. This research also has implications for devising and implementing interventions that increase grit and OTH, which also in turn are likely to improve well-being, decrease mental illness, and improve levels of success.
Life on Parole: Examining how the Quality of Parolees' Experiences after Release from Prison Contributes to Successful Re-entry
Authors:   , Gwynne Jessie
Published: November 2021

Individuals who have spent time in prison face a multitude of challenges during the transition from prison to the community, including finding suitable accommodation, obtaining stable employment, and establishing prosocial support networks (Bucklen & Zajac, 2009; Kubrin & Stewart, 2006; Zamble & Quinsey, 1997). The cumulative impact of these challenges makes it difficult to achieve successful reintegration to the community, yet some men are able to survive the difficult re-entry process without reoffending. What differentiates men who reoffend after release from those who succeed in remaining conviction-free? The present research went some way towards answering this question by investigating how the quality of an individual’s experiences after release from prison relates to the likelihood that he will achieve successful re-entry. A comprehensive measure, named the Parole Experiences Measure (PEM), was developed to assess the type and quality of high-risk parolees’ experiences during re-entry. The PEM was then used to examine whether experiences in the first two months after release predicted both short-term recidivism (i.e., recidivism in the first two months after release) and slightly longer-term recidivism (i.e., recidivism in the first year after release). Three indices of recidivism were examined, varying in severity from breaching a parole condition to committing an offence that resulted in reimprisonment. Logistic regression analyses revealed that the PEM significantly predicted three indices of short-term recidivism, demonstrating that men who had poorer experiences on parole were more likely to fail quickly after release than those who had better experiences. Further, the PEM significantly predicted reconvictions in the first year following release, after controlling for possible confounding variables. Additional analyses explored the relative contribution of different aspects of an individual’s parole experiences to the prediction of recidivism. In general, factors related to individuals’ external circumstances (e.g., accommodation, finances, personal support) were predictive of recidivism over and above factors related to their subjective wellbeing (e.g., mental health, physical health). The findings of this research demonstrate that men who have better experiences after release from prison, particularly with regard to their external circumstances, are significantly more likely to successfully avoid recidivism within their first year in the community. To our knowledge, this study was one of the first methodologically rigorous studies to explore the relationship between the quality of re-entry experiences and recidivism in a sample of New Zealand men at high risk of reoffending.
Data for Surf's Sake - Illustrating a subculture through interactive data visualisation and action sports trackers
Authors:   , Everitt Matthew
Published: November 2021

Over the last two years action sports trackers have emerged for those seeking thrills in risk-taking sports (Mitchell, 2014). The data generated by these trackers is creating digitised representations of communities participating in action sports such as surfing. The surfing database comprises of activity all over the globe, and due to its size and complexity it can be categorised as big data. Understanding this complex database requires specific data visualisation methods which visually map relationships and patterns. This research asked: can an interactive data visualisation illustrate hierarchical, nomadic, and experiential aspects of the surfing subculture?  This thesis is based on ethnographic research which focuses on exploring qualitative visualisations of the quantitative databases generated by action sports trackers for surfing. The research focused on the design of data visualisations which explored contemporary methods and principles of data visualisation and their applicability to communicate aspects of the surfing subculture. This manifested in the design of an interactive web application, Gone Surfing, which focused on global, local, and personal views which communicate Stranger’s (2011) substructure model of the surfing subculture.  The hierarchical, nomadic, and experiential aspects of the surfing subculture are only known from long term immersion in the subculture itself. This design made these aspects explicit through the visualisation of the database. For example, pilgrimage’s to revered surfing locations and hierarchy within local communities, and a surfer’s relationship with the waves are forms of implicit knowledge which were made explicit. The final creative output, Gone Surfing, visualises these aspects in an interactive web application consisting of global, local, and personal views to each communicate an aspect effectively. The interactive visualisation allows non-surfers to explore the subculture while enhancing a surfer’s understanding of their position within the surfing nation.
Costing the cold: Connecting fuel poverty & supplier switching in Wellington, New Zealand
Authors:   , McLean Sam
Published: November 2021

Fuel poverty describes the inability of households to afford adequate energy services, such as space heating. In New Zealand, where 25% of households are estimated to be ‘fuel poor’, high electricity prices in a restructured electricity market have an important influence on fuel poverty. However, the ability of the New Zealand Government to regulate these high electricity prices is constrained. Consequently, there is a strong reliance on consumers to switch energy suppliers, which promotes competitive prices and in turn regulates the price of electricity. In contrast to energy efficiency improvements, switching offers fuel poor households a low-cost opportunity to improve the short-term affordability of energy services. Yet, switching is suggested to not benefit fuel poor households who are in most need of affordable energy.  This thesis explored the relationship between fuel poverty and supplier switching in Wellington, New Zealand through a geographic lens. First, a new approach to identifying fuel poverty in New Zealand was applied. Using geographic information systems (GIS), a fuel poverty index was calculated to identify fuel poverty in Wellington at meshblock level. Spatial analysis of the index revealed the complexity of identifying fuel poverty and the extent to which the spatial distribution of fuel poverty in Wellington is shaped by the city’s colonial history. The index was then used to identify survey participants through which a survey was conducted exploring Wellington households’ switching behaviours. In a competitive market, consumers are expected to switch according to economically rational behaviours. However, switching behaviours in the survey sample were influenced by factors other than these economically rational behaviours. Integrating the findings of this thesis supports suggestions that switching is not benefiting the fuel poor. Finally, this thesis sheds light on the extent to which an understanding of the geography of fuel poverty can be applied towards improving the effectiveness of policy and equitable outcomes for fuel poor households.
Settling Treaty Claims: The Formation of Policy on Treaty of Waitangi Claims in the Pioneering Years, 1988-1998
Authors:   , Crocker Therese
Published: November 2021

For the past quarter-century the New Zealand government has negotiated with Māori groupings to find ways of compensating for the Crown’s historical breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi. The negotiations take place between mandated claimant negotiators and officials who represent the executive arm of government; the resultant settlements are then endorsed by legislation that declares them to be ‘full and final’ resolutions of historical grievances. This thesis analyses the way New Zealand governments conceived, introduced and implemented policies to address the claims during the pioneering years 1988–1998. The foundational policies worked out in this decade bedded-in the Treaty claims settlement processes which are now nearing their end. Through examining official archives, the thesis finds that these processes initially emerged as policy-driven responses to a combination of factors, such as the broad context of the ‘Māori Renaissance’, social shifts in understanding the past, legal cases and political pressure from iwi.  The thesis goes on to explore several years of experimental negotiations and policy formulation which culminated in the Crown’s presentation in 1994 of both a suite of draft policies intended to offer a comprehensive approach to the negotiations process and a notional quantum of $1 billion to settle all historical claims (the ‘fiscal envelope’). It demonstrates that while this package was introduced to shape and contain the emergent settlement mechanisms and their outcomes, policies continued to be modified in highly significant ways. The major settlements negotiated with Waikato-Tainui and Ngāi Tahu, in particular, led to new developments which established the broad shapes of Treaty settlements, and key aspects of them, from the end of the twentieth century onwards.  Over 1988–1998, then, the Treaty settlements process transitioned from ad-hoc development of policies and arrangements into an entrenched system, yet one that was flexible enough to change in the course of negotiations with new claimant groups.
Return to Vernacular Origins through Parametric Interpretation
Authors:   , Zhang Yunjing
Published: November 2021

Without any doubts, China has made a remarkable development in various fields in a last decade, and there are no any signs of that the paces of rapid development happened to China will slow down in the next decades. As a result, every city in China are entering into a boom period in term of urbanization and modernization. No matter it is a super metropolis, for instant, Shanghai, Beijing or it is a small city as Yangzhou, the one chosen for this research thesis, they are all a part of this rapid booming trending and progress. Parametric architecture has been playing a significant role in this booming period: avant-garde forms, incredibly large scale, starchitect such as Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas etc, and extra economic value added, all these features had made parametric architecture to be considered as the symbol of the rapid development. At same time, the voice of critical on this has never stopped: lack of traditions, absence of “Chineseness”, cities identity damaged caused by parametric architecture. Unfortunately, there seems neither nothing going to stop numerous parametric architecture raised up, nor provide a convincible solution to the issues in the contemporary cites in China.  This thesis explores the conflict between Chinese vernacular manner and parametric architecture, and investigate how the parametric architecture is able to well fit in the Chinese environment context and express Chinese vernacular ideas which needs to be redefined.  It argues the so called ‘Chineseness’ is blur and unclear, or most of people ‘s understanding toward ‘Chineseness’ always stay at the iconic level. It further argue the essences of Chinese vernacular ideas which could be merged into parametric architecture and help to deal with the issues which the contemporary city in China has such as inhumanity scale, lack of green space and public space. The aim is not only to find a way to combine the parametric design and Chinese vernacular ideas harmoniously but also via this combination to solve the issues in Yangzhou which is a representative and typical China contemporary city.
Adopting Agile Project Management Methods in Software Projects Involving Outsourcing
Authors:   , Warnakulasooriya Nivarthana
Published: November 2021

With the evolvement of how software was built, how quickly the initial requirements change, how fast new technologies were appearing in tech world and evolving innovation needs of dynamic businesses, the software industry was feeling the need for a better way of managing projects. In 2002 a group of well-known software professionals got together to develop a set of industry guidelines now known as ‘The Agile Manifesto’ to help standardize this new way of managing projects which helped lay foundations to now widely used ‘The Agile Project Management methodology’.   While Agile was gaining momentum, the software development world saw the rise of another way of developing software which is known as outsourcing. Outsourcing in commonly referred form involves two or more geographically dispersed teams collaborating to develop the same software. However the fusion of agile methodology with outsourcing opens up new challenges which includes cultural, geographical and time barriers. This study tries to understand how well agile works with outsourced projects using a quantitative approach. The study will also look at how factors physical distance, time and culture impact success of agile in outsourced projects using a quantitative approach. Identifying factor/factors which has the biggest impact on success of agile in outsourced project will also help identify and prioritize which principles and practices need to be fixed first.   Data collected through a questionnaire was quantitatively analysed using correlation, simple and multiple regression analysis. Data was sourced from industry professionals and practitioners who had enough experience with outsourced agile projects to be able to provide insights through a questionnaire. Correlation tests, simple regression and multiple regression analysis tests between time difference, culture difference, physical distance and success of agile methodology in outsourced projects were then carried out in a bid to understand the relationship of three independent variables and the dependent variable.  The study contribute towards quantitatively understanding how well agile methodology works in outsourced projects. Identifying dominant factor/factors that hinder success of agile methodology in outsourced projects also help users of agile project management to prioritize the principles that should be fixed first to better fit agile methodology in outsourced projects. Using agile methods that are based on modified principles are expected to contribute to overall success of the outsourced projects. Last but not least this study identifies further research avenues towards improved work in the related area.
Taking the Roof off a Modern Building
Authors:   , Brunskill Helen
Published: November 2021

Taking the Roof off a Modern Building explores ways to appropriately reactivate modernist architecture, acknowledging the social, economic and contextual constraints of a contemporary provincial New Zealand township. This research is motivated by the lack of use and maintenance of aging Kapiti modern architecture.  Like many small towns, Waikanae, in the Kapiti Coast region, has a variety of buildings which are often up for lease. Within this catalogue, the modernist buildings stand out as ones that theoretically should be adaptable for changing requirements. The aim of the research is to develop a design solution to preserve the Parker Building, situated in Mahara Place, understanding the potential implications for the wider region.  The research is completed through design experiments which pursue reactivation, examining modernism, preservation and programme. The exploration of spatial possibilities focus on how the Mahara Place shopping precinct may function for social and economic needs of the current society, which differs from when it was built, in the 1970s. Designing is done through a process of research into physical and social constraints, while iterating design ideas, feeding off each other to develop the outcome.  New Zealand Modernist Architecture is a relevant research topic due to the prominent place of these buildings in our cities and towns, and their association with many great New Zealand architects. While isolating a site within the Kapiti Region, Mahara Place was highlighted as a strip of buildings not used to their fullest potential. Many buildings similar to these are at risk of demolishment, but research is needed to explore how the interior can function appropriately for the users.
Rebuilding School Culture and Promoting Teachers’ Professional Development
Authors: Wang Cunrong
Published: November 2021

School culture is an important carrier for teachers’ professional development. It is also a double-edged sword that can either promote or hinder the professional development of teachers. The improvement of teachers’ professional development fundamentally lies in the reconstruction of school culture. School culture is derived from the school system because the system creates the environment that determines professional development. The improvement of school culture is achieved through learning because learning can create a solid platform for teachers’ professional development. Principals should rebuild their relationships with their schools and teachers, while teachers should rebuild their relationships with other teachers and their students as well as between their own practices and educational theories.
Design and Research of Intelligent Bottle Recycling Device
Authors:   College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China, Zhang Zhixing
Published: November 2021

With the rapid development of mechatronics, most mechanical components can be controlled by computer, and PLC system is more mature. The main function of the intelligent bottle recycling device is to scan the “stuffed” bottles, then compare the scanning results with the data in the memory, and then judge whether or not to spit currency and how many coins to spit.
Application of Electrical Lighting Energy-saving Design in Intelligent Lighting Control System
Authors:   Shenzhen Lighting Environment Management Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518102, China, Zheng Hualian
Published: November 2021

Intelligent lighting control system is the symbol of green lighting in modern society, and it is also one of the indispensable core technologies in modern lighting. Adding many control switches to the lighting circuit to control the whole lighting system, or controlling the dimming function of the lamp through the control gauge technology is the traditional lighting mode.
Discharge Capacity Analysis of Liquid Effluent Discharge System at CPR1000 Nuclear Power Plant
Authors:   Liaoning Provincial Ecological Environment Monitoring Center, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110000, China, Liu Jun
Published: November 2021

CPR1000 nuclear power plant is a nuclear power plant supported by China’s advanced million-kilowatt (1000 mw) pressurized water reactor (PWR) nuclear power technology introduced by China general nuclear power corporation (CGN). The liquid effluent discharge system is an important module of CPR1000 nuclear power plant. The discharge capacity of the liquid effluent discharge system directly affects the operation safety and stability of CPR1000 nuclear power plant. Therefore, this paper takes the liquid effluent discharge system of CPR1000 nuclear power plant as the research object, on the basis of a brief overview of the structure of the liquid effluent discharge system, combined with the technical characteristics of the liquid effluent discharge system, the discharge capacity of the liquid effluent discharge system is further analyzed.
Discussion on the Problems of Rural Household Toilets in Akto County, Xinjiang and Suggestions for Toilet Improvement
Authors:   Planning Institute of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang,  830000, China, Xie Lijie
Published: November 2021

Promoting the rural toilet revolution is a major decision made by China’s Communist Party Central Committee at the core of Xi Jinping’s strategy and overall height. Small toilet, big livelihood. The rural toilet revolution is a hard battle to realize the Rural Revitalization Strategy, which is related to the quality of life of millions of farmers and reflects the level of modern civilization. In September this year, we took one month to enter the village and households, organized and carried out a comprehensive touch and drainage of rural household toilets in Aktao County, China and put forward suggestions for the next step of rural toilet reform in aktao County on the basis of touch and drainage.
Evading Signature Validation in Digitally Signed PDF
Authors: Cheripelli Ramesh , Ch Swathi
Published: November 2021

Carefully marked Portable Document Formats (PDFs) are utilized in agreements, contracts, bills, proposals, and arrangements to ensure the genuineness and trustworthiness of their material. A normal client would accept that carefully marked PDF records are conclusive and cannot be additionally altered. Be that as it may, different changes like adding comments to a marked PDF or rounding out structure fields are permitted and do not nullify PDF marks. In this paper, we show that this adaptability permits attackers to totally change a record’s substance while keeping the first signature approval status immaculate.
THE LEVEL OF PLASTICITY OF THE PHASES IN NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS WITH A COMPLEX STRUCTURE
Authors: GUBENKO S.I.
Published: November 2021

Purpose. It is necessary to study of the effect of heterophase inclusions on the technological ductility of steels for various purposes. The goal of the work was to study of the nature and level of plasticity of multiphase inclusions in steels under conditions of hot and cold deformation. Methods. Comprehensive methods for the study of heterophase non-metallic inclusions (metallographic, petrographic, X-ray microanalysis methods) were used. Results. Plastic phases in multiphase inclusions of different types under conditions of hot and cold deformation of steels were investigated. It is shown that each type of multiphase inclusions, which are microcomposite formations in steels, is characterized by its laws of development of deformation processes, which are determined by their chemical and phase composition, structure, deformation ability of the phases of inclusions. Scientific novelty. Peculiarities of plastic behavior of multiphase inclusions of different types are established. The inhibitory effect of non-deformable phases of inclusions on the deformability of plastic phases in a wide range of steel deformation temperatures is established. Peculiarities of the nature of plasticity of multiphase inclusions having different compositions and structure are discussed. Practical significance. Using the results obtained will allow developing technologies for producing steels with regulated content and types of multiphase non-metallic inclusions, which will significantly increase their technological plasticity, as well as prevent the formation of various kinds of defects during the processing of steels by pressure.
ABOUT TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PRODUCTION OF REINFORSING BARS FROM PEARLITE GRADE STEELS
Authors: PARUSOV E.V. , GUBENKO S.I. , CHUIKO І. М. , PARUSOV O.V.
Published: November 2021

Formulation of the problem. In the production of coiled rolled products from perlite grade steels, metallurgical enterprises encounter with the sorting of some batches of continuously cast billets or commercial products due to non-compliance with regulatory requirements. One of the alternative ways of using such blanks can be their reassignment for the production of thermally hardened reinforcing bars. In accordance with the edition of GOST 5781-82, it was possible to produce hot rolled reinforcing bars from steel grade 80C (carbon content 0,74…0,82 %), and according to TU 14-15-339-94 – thermally hardened with a carbon content of 0,50…0,85 % C. In world practice, reinforcing bars of a strength class similar to classes A800…A1000 (DSTU 3760:2019) are made mainly of high-carbon steels. The main type of stressed reinforcement in the EU, USA, Canada and Great Britain are rods with a nominal diameter of 26…40 mm of strength class 835…1030 MPa and 26…36 mm of strength class 1080…1230 MPa. An analysis of the requirements for reinforcing bars according to various regulatory documents shows that in the standards of Canada, the USA and the UK, the carbon content is not standardized, but according to the standards of Japan and Ukraine it is 0,45…0,80 % and 0,13…0,37 % respectively. According to the requirements of international standards, the minimum values of the yield strength and strength correspond to the reinforcing bar A800 (DSTU 3760:2019). Therefore, for the possibility of producing reinforcing bars from high-carbon steels, it is necessary to establish rational temperature-time conditions for heat hardening modes, which will ensure that the finished metal products comply with the requirements of DSTU 3760:2019. Purpose. Determine the influence of the parameters of the technology of thermal hardening on the features of the formation of the structure and mechanical properties of reinforcing bars made of steels with a carbon content of 0,50…0,90 %. Results. The possibility of producing reinforcing bars of strength classes А800 and А1000 from steels С56DВ, C70DВ, C80DВ and C82DВ (EN 16120-2:2017) using intermittent and interrupted quenching methods has been scientifically proven. In accordance with the results obtained, the industrial production of reinforcing bars of strength classes A800 and A1000 from these steels is expedient, since it will contribute to the improvement of technical and economic indicators in the production of coiled steel from perlite grade steels intended for high-strength products (cold-worked rebar, metal cord, bead wire, spring wire, reinforcing ropes, etc.). Based on the results of industrial experiments, a technical agreement was developed and approved for the production of pilot batches of thermally hardened reinforcing bars of strength classes A800 and A1000 from steels containing 0.50...0.90 % carbon.
Features of the ferrite-bainite structure low-alloy low-carbon steel after heat hardening and subsequent tempering
Authors: Deineko L.M. , Borysenko A.Yu. , Taranenko A.О. , Zaitseva T.O. , Romanova N.S.
Published: November 2021

Problem statement. In recent decades, there has been a tendency to increase the mechanical properties of low-carbon, low-alloyed steel plate iron by using controlled rolling or hardening heat treatment of finished steel parts. At the same time, for welded parts, the most suitable is a metal having a ferrite-bainite (or bainite) structure. The work investigated the features of the ferrite-bainite structure of low-carbon and low-alloyed steel 15ХСНД for the production of connecting pipeline parts. Purpose of the article. To establish the laws of formation of a ferritic-bainitic structure in low-carbon low-alloy steels depending on the parameters of heat treatment. Determine the effect of heat treatment parameters on the properties of the connecting parts of pipelines made of these steels. Conclusion. The regularities of the influence of heat treatment parameters on the structure, mechanical properties and topography of fractures of impact samples of 15ХСНД steel with a ferrite-bainitic structure are established.
Keywords: stamped-welded connecting parts of man pipelines; heat treatment; microstructure; bainite;mechanical properties; fractography
Principles of certification of metals for susceptibility to brittleness by the criterion of critical strength
Authors: Mieshkov Yu.Ya.
Published: November 2021

Problem definition. Existing evaluation system of liability to brittle fracture is based on specifying the critical temperature Tc of ductile/brittle transition for specimens with stress concentrator (SC) and uses relative values of impact toughness (KCV, KCU) and widening (ψк). Thus the Tc becomes relative and it is not possible to measure brittleness or embrittlement degree for specimens with SC. Paper purpose. Neutralize the system faults of evaluation system of liability to brittle fracture of constructional alloys with SC. The concept is to change the KCV (KCU) or ψк  parameters by critical strength parameter (ϭ0,2с at Tc). Conclusions. Fracture of the specimen with SC (ϭNF) on YTS (ϭ0,2с) at Tc (or room TR) as embrittlement criterion is proposed instead of relative values of (KCV, KCU) and (ψк). The ϭNF / ϭ0,2 = BrNF ratio is a degree of reliability for specimen with SC (BrNF > 1) or embrittlement measure (BrNF < 1). The BrNF value is a quantitative measure of the fracture resistivity of the specimen with SC or crack. Correlation ratio between Br and BrNF  for each type of SC has been found. It allows to use the calculation of embrittlement liability based on metal strength for test of metals without full scale tests of metal specimens with SC.
Keywords: embrittlement; fracture degree; fracture resistivity; critical temperature; critical strength; strengthreliability of the specimen with SC
Perbandingan Metode AHP dan Metode SAW Dalam Kelayakan Pemberian Kredit Motor
Authors: Sarwindah Sarwindah , Marini Marini , Syarah Syarah
Published: November 2021

In this study, two methods were used to determine the feasibility of giving motorbike credit, namely the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method to determine the weight of the accuracy value in the feasibility of granting motor loans. Results based on the Hierarchical Weighted Factor Matrix with AHP for all criteria normalized hierarchical weighting for all criteria with the elements in each column divided by the total number in the respective column, then you will get the normalized relative weight. The eigenvector value generated from the average relative weight value for each row shows that the most important criterion for customers who wish to apply for credit. Income with a weight of 0.649 or 64.9%, then followed by a family card with a weight of 0.088 or 8.8%, and domicile is 0.21 or 21%. Whereas the results based on ranking using the SAW method for all Kritera whose weighting is normalized is that the V1 ranking is the first rank because it has a value greater than the other values of 1.03 where V1 is the preference value of alternative A1, so that A1 in this case is Yogi Danuarta who be the best alternative or selected prospective customers to get motorbike loans.
Penerapan Metode Dempster Shafer Untuk Sistem Deteksi Gangguan Kecemasan Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Berbasis Web
Authors: Saragih Nidia Enjelita , Adawiyah Robiatul
Published: November 2021

Obsessive Compulsive disorder or OCD is a type of anxiety disorder that makes someone wasting so much time in doing the same things reccurently. it cause distress and significant impairment. This anxiety disorder will becoming worse if someone didn't realize and get psychologist help. An expert system that diagnose OCD would be the initial step of detection, so this disorder can be handled sooner. By implementing Dempster Shafer method, this expert system produce percentage value of someone having this disorder, based on the inputted symptons. If the result more than 60%, the user need a psychologist's treatment before it coming worse. The system is web based, so it is handy to access.
Kombinasi Metode Certainty Factor dan Forward Chaining untuk Identifikasi Jenis Kulit Wajah Berbasis Android
Authors: Cahyaningsih Syavira , Triayudi Agung , Sholihati Ira Diana
Published: November 2021

Using skincare and facial skin care must be in accordance with the type of facial skin, because if it is not suitable, it can cause problems such as facial skin breakouts, dry skin, irritated skin, and acne prone skin. To find out the type of facial skin, you have to do an examination with a skin and genital specialist, but the high cost of consultation and the long queue process is an obstacle for everyone. Therefore, the authors created an expert system to identify facial skin types using a combination of certainty factor methods with forward chaining techniques. The diagnostic results from calculations using an expert system application and the results of manual calculations from one of the respondent data from 100 respondent data, namely producing the same level of confidence, each of which produces a percentage of 99.45% and the diagnostic results state that the user has a normal skin type.
Implementasi Framework Codeigniter Pada Perancangan Chatbot Interaktif Menerapkan Metode Waterfall
Authors: Cahya Nilam , Triayudi Agung , Benrahman Benrahman
Published: November 2021

In delivering information related to lecture activities at the National University, the Information Systems Study Program has prepared a special website, namely http://si.ftki.unas.ac.id/. The website contains a lot of information about important activities or announcements, it's just that the need for other supporting information makes users have the need to ask further questions regarding the information contained on the website. Actually the Website http://si.ftki.unas.ac.id/ has provided the RoomChat feature for question and answer sessions between admin and users, but this feature is still ineffective, such as there is a time lag between questions and responses or unable to provide services for 24 jam. In this study, the authors wanted to design the chatbot feature using the waterfall method, which was carried out sequentially starting from the planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing to maintenance stages. While working on the application, this chatbot was created using the Codeigniter framework with the mysqli database. This chatbot feature will result in a more interactive question and answer session, so that two-way communication with users can run smoothly.
Pengembangan Model Untuk Prediksi Tingkat Kelulusan Mahasiswa Tepat Waktu dengan Metode Naïve Bayes
Authors: Qisthiano M Riski , Kurniawan Tri Basuki , Negara Edi Surya , Akbar Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Many parameters affect the timeliness of student graduation, starting from the student's interest in certain majors, the type of class chosen, to the grades for each semester obtained. This is a determining factor in how students can graduate on time or not at the end of their education. So a model is needed to predict student graduation rates on time, using alumni data whose data is obtained from several universities in Palembang City. The model used is a Naïve Bayes algorithm which serves as a model for classification. The dataset used is alumni data that has been collected from several universities, while the attributes used are the Department, College, Class Type, Temporary IP Value from semester 1 to 4, graduation year, and college generation. Then from the attributes and models used, the researcher used the Python 3 programming language and the Jupyter Notebook tools to process the prepared dataset. Furthermore, the distribution of the dataset is divided by 70% for training data and 30% for testing data. To test the algorithmic process used by researchers using K-Fold Validation. The results of this study are the accuracy of the prediction model carried out, where the accuracy results obtained from the Python 3 programming language and the Naïve Bayes algorithm are 0.8103.