bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LCARS
Authors: Yin Hongzhi , Cui Bin , Sun Yizhou , Hu Zhiting , Chen Ling
Published: July 2014

Newly emerging location-based and event-based social network services provide us with a new platform to understand users' preferences based on their activity history. A user can only visit a limited number of venues/events and most of them are within a limited distance range, so the user-item matrix is very sparse, which creates a big challenge to the traditional collaborative filtering-based recommender systems. The problem becomes even more challenging when people travel to a new city where they have no activity information.

In this article, we propose LCARS, a location-content-aware recommender system that offers a particular user a set of venues (e.g., restaurants and shopping malls) or events (e.g., concerts and exhibitions) by giving consideration to both personal interest and local preference. This recommender system can facilitate people's travel not only near the area in which they live, but also in a city that is new to them. Specifically, LCARS consists of two components: offline modeling and online recommendation. The offline modeling part, called LCA-LDA, is designed to learn the interest of each individual user and the local preference of each individual city by capturing item cooccurrence patterns and exploiting item contents. The online recommendation part takes a querying user along with a querying city as input, and automatically combines the learned interest of the querying user and the local preference of the querying city to produce the top-
k
recommendations. To speed up the online process, a scalable query processing technique is developed by extending both the Threshold Algorithm (TA) and TA-approximation algorithm. We evaluate the performance of our recommender system on two real datasets, that is, DoubanEvent and Foursquare, and one large-scale synthetic dataset. The results show the superiority of LCARS in recommending spatial items for users, especially when traveling to new cities, in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency. Besides, the experimental analysis results also demonstrate the excellent interpretability of LCARS.
Deterministic and Energy-Optimal Wireless Synchronization
Authors: Barenboim Leonid , Dolev Shlomi , Ostrovsky Rafail
Published: July 2014

We consider the problem of clock synchronization in a wireless setting where processors must minimize the number of times their radios are used to save energy. Energy efficiency is a central goal in wireless networks, especially if energy resources are severely limited, as occurs in sensor and ad hoc networks, and in many other settings. The problem of clock synchronization is fundamental and intensively studied in the field of distributed algorithms. In the current setting, the problem is to synchronize clocks of
m
processors that wake up in arbitrary time points, such that the maximum difference between wake-up times is bounded by a positive integer
n
. (Time intervals are appropriately discretized to allow communication of all processors that are awake in the same discrete time unit.) Currently, the best-known results for synchronization for single-hop networks of
m
processors is a randomized algorithm due to Bradonjic et al. [2009] of
O
(√
n
/
m
⋅
poly
-
log
(
n
)) radio use times per processor, and a lower bound of Ω (√
n
/
m
). The main open question left in their work is to close the poly-log gap between the upper and the lower bound, and to derandomize their probabilistic construction and eliminate error probability. This is exactly what we do in this article. That is, we show a
deterministic
algorithm with radio use of Θ (√
n
/
m
), which exactly matches the lower bound proven in Bradonjic et al. [2009] to a small multiplicative constant. Therefore, our algorithm is
optimal
in terms of energy efficiency and completely resolves a long sequence of works in this area [Bradonjic et al. 2009; Moscribroda et al. 2006; McGlynn and Borbash 2001; Polastre et al. 2004]. Moreover, our algorithm is optimal in terms of running time as well. To achieve these results, we devise a novel adaptive technique that determines the times when devices power their radios on and off. This technique may be of independent interest.

In addition, we prove several lower bounds on the energy efficiency of algorithms for multihop networks. Specifically, we show that any algorithm for multihop networks must have radio use of Ω (√
n
) per processor. Our lower bounds hold even for specific kinds of networks, such as networks modeled by unit disk graphs and highly connected graphs. Our results imply that the simple deterministic algorithm devised for two-processor networks in Bradonjic et al. [2009] with efficiency
O
(√
n
) can be used in multihop networks, and it is the most efficient solution in terms of energy use.
XXS
Authors: Brisaboa Nieves R. , Cerdeira-Pena Ana , Navarro Gonzalo
Published: July 2014

The
eXtensible Markup Language
(XML) is acknowledged as the
de facto
standard for semistructured data representation and data exchange on the Web and many other scenarios. A well-known shortcoming of XML is its verbosity, which increases manipulation, transmission, and processing costs. Various structure-blind and structure-conscious compression techniques can be applied to XML, and some are even access-friendly, meaning that the documents can be efficiently accessed in compressed form. Direct access is necessary to implement the query languages XPath and XQuery, which are the standard ones to exploit the expressiveness of XML. While a good deal of theoretical and practical proposals exist to solve XPath/XQuery operations on XML, only a few ones are well integrated with a compression format that supports the required access operations on the XML data. In this work we go one step further and design a compression format for XML collections that
boosts
the performance of XPath queries on the data. This is done by designing compressed representations of the XML data that support some complex operations apart from just accessing the data, and those are exploited to solve key components of the XPath queries. Our system, called XXS, is aimed at XML collections containing natural language text, which are compressed to within 35%--50% of their original size while supporting a large subset of XPath operations in time competitive with, and many times outperforming, the best state-of-the-art systems that work on uncompressed representations.
VGRIS: Virtualized GPU Resource Isolation and Scheduling in Cloud Gaming
Authors: Qi Zhengwei , Yao Jianguo , Zhang Chao , Yu Miao , Yang Zhizhou , Guan Haibing
Published: July 2014

To achieve efficient resource management on a graphics processing unit (GPU), there is a demand to develop a framework for scheduling virtualized resources in cloud gaming. In this article, we propose VGRIS, a resource management framework for virtualized GPU resource isolation and scheduling in cloud gaming. A set of application programming interfaces (APIs) is provided so that a variety of scheduling algorithms can be implemented within the framework without modifying the framework itself. Three scheduling algorithms are implemented by the APIs within VGRIS. Experimental results show that VGRIS can effectively schedule GPU resources among various workloads.
Inferring Visualization Task Properties, User Performance, and User Cognitive Abilities from Eye Gaze Data
Authors: Steichen Ben , Conati Cristina , Carenini Giuseppe
Published: July 2014

Information visualization systems have traditionally followed a one-size-fits-all model, typically ignoring an individual user's needs, abilities, and preferences. However, recent research has indicated that visualization performance could be improved by adapting aspects of the visualization to the individual user. To this end, this article presents research aimed at supporting the design of novel user-adaptive visualization systems. In particular, we discuss results on using information on user eye gaze patterns while interacting with a given visualization to predict properties of the user's visualization task; the user's performance (in terms of predicted task completion time); and the user's individual cognitive abilities, such as perceptual speed, visual working memory, and verbal working memory. We provide a detailed analysis of different eye gaze feature sets, as well as over-time accuracies. We show that these predictions are significantly better than a baseline classifier even during the early stages of visualization usage. These findings are then discussed with a view to designing visualization systems that can adapt to the individual user in real time.
Topic Modeling for Wikipedia Link Disambiguation
Authors: Skaggs Bradley , Getoor Lise
Published: July 2014

Many articles in the online encyclopedia Wikipedia have hyperlinks to ambiguous article titles; these ambiguous links should be replaced with links to unambiguous articles, a process known as disambiguation. We propose a novel statistical topic model based on link text, which we refer to as the Link Text Topic Model (LTTM), that we use to suggest new link targets for ambiguous links. To evaluate our model, we describe a method for extracting ground truth for this link disambiguation task from edits made to Wikipedia in a specific time period. We use this ground truth to demonstrate the superiority of LTTM over other existing link- and content-based approaches to disambiguating links in Wikipedia. Finally, we build a web service that uses LTTM to make suggestions to human editors wanting to fix ambiguous links in Wikipedia.
Some Retarded Difference Inequalities of Product Form and Their Application
Authors: Hou Zongyi , Wu Shanhe , Wang Wu-Sheng
Published: July 2014

A class of new nonlinear retarded difference inequalities is established. An application of the obtained inequalities to the estimation of finite difference equations is given.
Sigmoid Colon Migration of an Intrauterine Device
Authors: Akpinar Funda , Ozgur Esra Nur , Yilmaz Saynur , Ustaoglu Oguzhan
Published: July 2014

Background.Intrauterine devices (IUD) are commonly used birth control methods. Colonic perforation is an infrequent but serious complication of IUD.Case.A 34-year-old woman with 2-years history of IUD, inserted at early puerperal period, presented to gynecologist with chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia. Radiological assessment revealed that there were two copper-T devices: one in uterine cavity and another in the colonic lumen. Attempts of retrieval with colonoscopy and laparoscopy were unsuccessful. Intrauterine device embedded in sigmoid colon wall was removed with resection of the involved segment and primary anastomosis was performed.Conclusion.Although there are cases in literature that are successfully managed with colonoscopy, in chronic cases, formation of granulation tissue complicates retrieval of an IUD by this intervention.
Effects of Different Treatments on Seed Germination Improvement ofCalotropis persica
Authors: Farajollahi Asghar , Gholinejad Bahram , Jonaidi Jafari Hamed
Published: July 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different treatments on seed germination in the desert plant speciesCalotropis persica(Gand.). This species is known to have long time for seed germination considering arid region condition and short time of access moist. An experiment was performed with 13 treatments and 4 replications in a completely randomized design. Treatments included KNO3with concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 percent, immersion in hot water for five min, acetylsalicylic acid 100, 200, and 300 mg L−1, ethereal sulfuric acid (60%) for 5 and 10 min, thiourea with concentrations of 0.1% and 0.3%, and prechilling for 10 days. Tap water was used as the control. Our findings indicate that KNO30.1% and 100 mg L−1acetylsalicylic acid were the most effective treatments for improvement of seed germination properties in this species. In a comparison of the two mentioned treatment, KNO30.1% treatments is the best.
δ-Tocotrienol Oxazine Derivative Antagonizes Mammary Tumor Cell Compensatory Response to CoCl2-Induced Hypoxia
Authors: Ananthula Suryatheja , Parajuli Parash , Behery Fathy A. , Alayoubi Alaadin Y. , Nazzal Sami , El Sayed Khalid , Sylvester Paul W.
Published: July 2014

In response to low oxygen supply, cancer cells elevate production of HIF-1α, a hypoxia-inducible transcription factor that subsequently acts to stimulate blood vessel formation and promote survival. Studies were conducted to determine the role ofδ-tocotrienol and a semisyntheticδ-tocotrienol oxazine derivative, compound44, on +SA mammary tumor cell hypoxic response. Treatment with 150 µM CoCl2induced a hypoxic response in +SA mammary tumor cells as evidenced by a large increase in HIF-1αlevels, and combined treatment with compound44attenuated this response. CoCl2-induced hypoxia was also associated with a large increase in Akt/mTOR signaling, activation of downstream targets p70S6K and eIF-4E1, and a significant increase in VEGF production, and combined treatment with compound44blocked this response. Additionalin vivostudies showed that intralesional treatment with compound44in BALB/c mice bearing +SA mammary tumors significantly decreased the levels of HIF-1α, and this effect was associated with a corresponding decrease in Akt/mTOR signaling and activation of downstream targets p70S6kinase and eIF-4E1. These findings demonstrate that treatment with theδ-tocotrienol oxazine derivative, compound44, significantly attenuates +SA mammary tumor cell compensatory responses to hypoxia and suggests that this compound may provide benefit in the treatment of rapidly growing solid breast tumors.
Capacity Estimation of the Very Short-Range Electromagnetic Underwater Channel Based on Measurements
Authors: López-Fernández Jesús , Fernández-Plazaola Unai , Paris Jose F.
Published: July 2014

The significant attenuation experienced by electromagnetic waves in sea water is the main reason why acoustic waves are generally preferred in underwater communication. Nevertheless, acoustic waves have various drawbacks. For example, they are negatively affected by factors such as mechanical noise, slow propagation speed, and, particularly, low bandwidth, which leads to digital links at a lower bit rate. However, in short-range links, these problems can be overcome by reconsidering the use of electric current communications. For instance, data collected by remote-control vehicles in offshore oil and gas and renewable energy plants can be transmitted at distances of even 1 m or less. This study uses previous frequency response measurements taken in deep water to explore the capacity of a short-range electromagnetic underwater channel. Because of water movement, the nonstatic position of the vehicle when the transmission occurs means that the channel is regarded as randomly time-variant. A statistical model is proposed and the ergodic capacity is calculated for a 7 MHz bandwidth channel at distances ranging from 0.5 m to 5 m as well as for different values of transmitter power. The results of this study reflect capacity values of tens of kbps at distances of approximately 5 m to several Mbps at distances of less than 1.5 m.
Experimental Evaluation of FSM‐Based Testing Cost for Time‐Delay Systems
Authors: Wei Zheng , Xiaoxue Wu , Lu Cai , Desheng Hu
Published: July 2014

With time‐delay systems arising, time‐delay system testing has attracted much attention. Additionally, evaluating the cost and effectiveness is required to make a good test strategy in practice. In this paper, we take time‐delay and other five factors (state number, input number, output number, completeness degree, and accessibility degree) into account and present a timer embedded FSM (TEFSM) model to design a comparative strategy for assessing the coverage criteria and test suites generation methods for time‐delay systems. We explore the impact on the average length of test suites, in which the test suites generation methods, coverage criteria, and TEFSM model parameters are involved.
Determination of Lead, Cations, and Anions Concentration in Indoor and Outdoor Air at the Primary Schools in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Awang Normah , Jamaluddin Farhana
Published: July 2014

This study was carried out to determine the concentration of lead (Pb), anions, and cations at six primary schools located around Kuala Lumpur. Low volume sampler (MiniVolPM10) was used to collect the suspended particulates in indoor and outdoor air. Results showed that the concentration of Pb in indoor air was in the range of 5.18 ± 1.08 μg/g–7.01 ± 0.08 μg/g. All the concentrations of Pb in indoor air were higher than in outdoor air at all sampling stations. The concentrations of cations and anions were higher in outdoor air than in indoor air. The concentration ofCa2+(39.51 ± 5.01 mg/g–65.13 ± 9.42 mg/g) was the highest because the cation existed naturally in soil dusts, while the concentrations ofNO3-andSO42-were higher in outdoor air because there were more sources of exposure for anions in outdoor air, such as highly congested traffic and motor vehicles emissions. In comparison, the concentration ofNO3-(29.72 ± 0.31 μg/g–32.00 ± 0.75 μg/g) was slightly higher thanSO42-. The concentrations of most of the parameters in this study, such asMg2+,Ca2+,NO3-,SO42-, andPb2+, were higher in outdoor air than in indoor air at all sampling stations.
Facile Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles via Electrospinning
Authors: Khalil Abdullah , Jouiad Mustapha , Khraisheh Marwan , Hashaikeh Raed
Published: July 2014

A novel approach for synthesizing copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) through electrospinning is reported. The approach is based on producing rough and discontinuous electrospun nanofibers from a precursor based on copper acetate salt and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer. Selectively removing the polymeric phase from the fibers produced highly rough CuO nanofibers, which were composed of NPs that are weakly held together in a one‐dimensional (1D) manner. Sonication in a suitable liquid under controlled conditions completely disintegrated the nanofibers into NPs, resulting in the formation of uniform CuO NPs suspension. Aberration corrected high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) showed that the obtained NPs are highly crystalline and nearly sphere‐like with a diameter of 30 to 70 nm. Thus, electrospinning, which is a low cost and industrially scalable technique, can also be employed for economic and large scale synthesis of NPs.
Theoretical Modeling of Intensity Noise in InGaN Semiconductor Lasers
Authors: Ahmed Moustafa
Published: July 2014

This paper introduces modeling and simulation of the noise properties of the blue-violet InGaN laser diodes. The noise is described in terms of the spectral properties of the relative intensity noise (RIN). We examine the validity of the present noise modeling by comparing the simulated results with the experimental measurements available in literature. We also compare the obtained noise results with those of AlGaAs lasers. Also, we examine the influence of gain suppression on the quantum RIN. In addition, we examine the changes in the RIN level when describing the gain suppression by the case of inhomogeneous spectral broadening. The results show that RIN of the InGaN laser is nearly 9 dB higher than that of the AlGaAs laser.
Traveling Waves for Delayed Cellular Neural Networks with Nonmonotonic Output Functions
Authors: Yu Zhi-Xian , Yuan Rong , Hsu Cheng-Hsiung , Peng Ming-Shu
Published: July 2014

This work investigates traveling waves for a class of delayed cellular neural networks with nonmonotonic output functions on the one-dimensional integer latticeZ. The dynamics of each given cell depends on itself and its nearestmleft orlright neighborhood cells with distributed delay due to, for example, finite switching speed and finite velocity of signal transmission. Our technique is to construct two appropriate nondecreasing functions to squeeze the nonmonotonic output functions. Then we construct a suitable wave profiles set and derive the existence of traveling wave solutions by using Schauder's fixed point theorem.
An Efficient Approach to Numerical Study of the MRLW Equation with B-Spline Collocation Method
Authors: Karakoç Seydi Battal Gazi , Ak Turgut , Zeybek Halil
Published: July 2014

A septic B-spline collocation method is implemented to find the numerical solution of the modified regularized long wave (MRLW) equation. Three test problems including the single soliton and interaction of two and three solitons are studied to validate the proposed method by calculating the error normsL2andL∞and the invariantsI1,I2, andI3. Also, we have studied the Maxwellian initial condition pulse. The numerical results obtained by the method show that the present method is accurate and efficient. Results are compared with some earlier results given in the literature. A linear stability analysis of the method is also investigated.
Consecutively Preparing D-Xylose, Organosolv Lignin, and Amorphous Ultrafine Silica from Rice Husk
Authors: Zhang Hongxi , Ding Xuefeng , Wang Zichen , Zhao Xu
Published: July 2014

Rice husk is an abundant agricultural by-product reaching the output of 80 million tons annually in the world. The most common treatment method of rice husk is burning or burying, which caused serious air pollution and resource waste. In order to solve this problem, a new method is proposed to comprehensively utilize the rice husk in this paper. Firstly, the D-xylose was prepared from the semicellulose via dilute acid hydrolysis. Secondly, the lignin was separated via organic solvent pulping from the residue. Finally, the amorphous ultrafine silica was prepared via pyrolysis of the residue produced in the second process. In this way, the three main contents of rice husk (semicellulose, lignin, and silica) are consecutively converted to three fine chemicals, without solid waste produced. The yields of D-xylose and organosolv lignin reach 58.2% and 58.5%, respectively. The purity and specific surface of amorphous ultrafine silica reach 99.92% and 225.20 m2/g.
Bioconversion of High Concentrations of Hydrogen Sulfide to Elemental Sulfur in Airlift Bioreactor
Authors: Abdel-Monaem Zytoon Mohamed , Ahmad AlZahrani Abdulraheem , Hamed Noweir Madbuli , Ahmed El-Marakby Fadia
Published: July 2014

Several bioreactor systems are used for biological treatment of hydrogen sulfide. Among these, airlift bioreactors are promising for the bioconversion of hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur. The performance of airlift bioreactors is not adequately understood, particularly when directly fed with hydrogen sulfide gas. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of an airlift bioreactor fed with high concentrations of H2S with special emphasis on the effect of pH in combination with other factors such as H2S loading rate, oxygen availability, and sulfide accumulation. H2S inlet concentrations between 1,008 ppm and 31,215 ppm were applied and elimination capacities up to 113 g H2S m−3 h−1were achieved in the airlift bioreactor under investigation at a pH range 6.5–8.5. Acidic pH values reduced the elimination capacity. Elemental sulfur recovery up to 95% was achieved under oxygen limited conditions (DO < 0.2 mg/L) and at higher pH values. The sulfur oxidizing bacteria in the bioreactor tolerated accumulated dissolved sulfide concentrations >500 mg/L at pH values 8.0–8.5, and near 100% removal efficiency was achieved. Overall, the resident microorganisms in the studied airlift bioreactor favored pH values in the alkaline range. The bioreactor performance in terms of elimination capacity and sulfur recovery was better at pH range 8–8.5.
New Difference Sequence Spaces Defined by Musielak-Orlicz Function
Authors: Mursaleen M. , Sharma Sunil K. , Mohiuddine S. A. , Kılıçman A.
Published: July 2014

We introduce new sequence spaces by using Musielak-Orlicz function and a generalizedB∧ μ-difference operator onn-normed space. Some topological properties and inclusion relations are also examined.
Theoretical Simulation Study on Controlling Factors in Horizontal Well CO2 Stimulation of Heavy Oil
Authors: Liu Tongjing , Diwu Pengxiang , Jiang Baoyi , Jiang Liwu , Liu Rui
Published: July 2014

Since CO2 Stimulation in Horizontal Wells can avoid the problem of steam flooding, clay swelling, and sand production, it has been carried out in many fields. To improve the research on the controlling factors and their influence and establish a specific reservoir selecting method, this paper founded the components and geology model according to typical heavy oil reservoirs firstly. Comparing with pilot test, the theoretical model result could give expression to the characteristic of large water ratio descend rang, long period of validity, and high rounds effectiveness. Secondly, this study designed simulation scheme including factors of geology, development, and stimulation technology, to filter the controlling factors of the oil incremental and well reopened water cut and describe their influence. Based on it, we proposed a quick filter criterion to choose heavy oil reservoirs for CO2 stimulation.
Crop Diversity Effects on Near-Surface Soil Condition under Dryland Agriculture
Authors: Liebig Mark A. , Archer David W. , Tanaka Don L.
Published: July 2014

Unprecedented changes in agricultural land use throughout the northern Great Plains of North America have highlighted the need to better understand the role of crop diversity to affect ecosystem services derived from soil. This study sought to determine the effect of four no-till cropping systems differing in rotation length and crop diversity on near-surface (0 to 10 cm) soil properties. Cropping system treatments included small grain-fallow (SG-F) and three continuously cropped rotations (3 yr, 5 yr, and Dynamic) located in south-central North Dakota, USA. Soil pH was lower in the 3 yr rotation (5.17) compared to the Dynamic (5.51) and SG-F (5.55) rotations(P≤0.05). Among cropping system treatments, 5 yr and Dynamic rotations possessed significantly greater soil organic C (SOC) and total N (mean = 26.3 Mg C ha−1, 2.5 Mg N ha−1) compared to the 3 yr (22.7 Mg C ha−1, 2.2 Mg N ha−1) and SG-F (19.9 Mg C ha−1, 2.0 Mg N ha−1) rotations(P≤0.05). Comparison of SOC measured in this study to baseline values at the research site prior to the establishment of treatments revealed only the 5 yr and Dynamic rotations increased SOC over time. The results of this study suggest that a diverse portfolio of crops is necessary to minimize soil acidification and increase SOC.
Application of Empirical Mode Decomposition with Local Linear Quantile Regression in Financial Time Series Forecasting
Authors: Jaber Abobaker M. , Ismail Mohd Tahir , Altaher Alsaidi M.
Published: July 2014

This paper mainly forecasts the daily closing price of stock markets. We propose a two-stage technique that combines the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with nonparametric methods of local linear quantile (LLQ). We use the proposed technique, EMD-LLQ, to forecast two stock index time series. Detailed experiments are implemented for the proposed method, in which EMD-LPQ, EMD, and Holt-Winter methods are compared. The proposed EMD-LPQ model is determined to be superior to the EMD and Holt-Winter methods in predicting the stock closing prices.
Null Steering of Adaptive Beamforming Using Linear Constraint Minimum Variance Assisted by Particle Swarm Optimization, Dynamic Mutated Artificial Immune System, and Gravitational Search Algorithm
Authors: Darzi Soodabeh , Sieh Kiong Tiong , Tariqul Islam Mohammad , Ismail Mahamod , Kibria Salehin , Salem Balasem
Published: July 2014

Linear constraint minimum variance (LCMV) is one of the adaptive beamforming techniques that is commonly applied to cancel interfering signals and steer or produce a strong beam to the desired signal through its computed weight vectors. However, weights computed by LCMV usually are not able to form the radiation beam towards the target user precisely and not good enough to reduce the interference by placing null at the interference sources. It is difficult to improve and optimize the LCMV beamforming technique through conventional empirical approach. To provide a solution to this problem, artificial intelligence (AI) technique is explored in order to enhance the LCMV beamforming ability. In this paper, particle swarm optimization (PSO), dynamic mutated artificial immune system (DM-AIS), and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) are incorporated into the existing LCMV technique in order to improve the weights of LCMV. The simulation result demonstrates that received signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) of target user can be significantly improved by the integration of PSO, DM-AIS, and GSA in LCMV through the suppression of interference in undesired direction. Furthermore, the proposed GSA can be applied as a more effective technique in LCMV beamforming optimization as compared to the PSO technique. The algorithms were implemented using Matlab program.
Stepped Fault Line Selection Method Based on Spectral Kurtosis and Relative Energy Entropy of Small Current to Ground System
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Wei Xiangxiang , Gao Jie , Hou Yaxiao , Wei Yanfang
Published: July 2014

This paper proposes a stepped selection method based on spectral kurtosis relative energy entropy. Firstly, the length and type of window function are set; then when fault occurs, enter step 1: the polarity of first half-wave extremes is analyzed; if the ratios of extremes between neighboring lines are positive, the bus bar is the fault line, else, the SK relative energy entropies are calculated, and then enter step 2: if the obtained entropy multiple is bigger than the threshold or equal to the threshold, the overhead line of max entropy corresponding is the fault line, if not, enter step 3: the line of max entropy corresponding is the fault line. At last, the applicability of the proposed algorithm is presented, and the comparison results are discussed.
The Therapeutic Effect of Zuogui Wan in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Rats
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Feng Qianjin , Niu Xin , Liu Xinshe , Xu Kaixia , Yang Xiangzhu , Wang Huifeng , Li Qiuju
Published: July 2014

In this experiment, we established an animal model of gestational diabetes mellitus rats using streptozotocin. Using the rat model of GDM, the pregnant rats in 1-19d were divided into three groups: (1) Zuogui Wan gestational diabetes mellitus group (group I,n=12), (2) gestational diabetes mellitus rats as the control group (group II,n=11), and (3) rats of normal pregnancy group (group III,n=11). Compared with gestational diabetes mellitus rats as the control group, Zuogui Wan can change the indexes of fasting blood glucose, body weight, total cholesterol, insulin, and metabolism cage index significantly in Zuogui Wan gestational diabetes mellitus group. We can conclude that Zuogui Wan has the therapeutic effect on gestational diabetes mellitus.
Evaluation of the Repeatability and the Reproducibility of AL-Scan Measurements Obtained by Residents
Authors: Kola Mehmet , Duran Hikmet , Turk Adem , Mollamehmetoglu Suleyman , Kalkisim Ahmet , Erdol Hidayet
Published: July 2014

Purpose. To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of ocular biometry and intraocular lens (IOL) power measurements obtained by ophthalmology residents using an AL-Scan device, a novel optical biometer.Methods. Two ophthalmology residents were instructed regarding the AL-Scan device. Both performed ocular biometry and IOL power measurements using AL-Scan, three times on each of 128 eyes, independently of one another. Corneal keratometry readings, horizontal iris width, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, pupil size, and axial length values measured by both residents were recorded together with IOL power values calculated on the basis of four different IOL calculation formulas (SRK/T, Holladay, and HofferQ). Repeatability and reproducibility of the measurements obtained were analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results. Repeatability (ICC, 0.872-0.999 for resident 1 versus 0.905-0.999 for resident 2) and reproducibility (ICC, 0.916-0.999) were high for all biometric measurements. Repeatability (ICC, 0.981-0.983 for resident 1 versus 0.995-0.996 for resident 2) and reproducibility were also high for all IOL power measurements (ICC, 0.996 for all).Conclusions. The AL-Scan device exhibits good repeatability and reproducibility in all biometric measurements and IOL power calculations, independent of the operator concerned.
CUDT: A CUDA Based Decision Tree Algorithm
Authors: Lo Win-Tsung , Chang Yue-Shan , Sheu Ruey-Kai , Chiu Chun-Chieh , Yuan Shyan-Ming
Published: July 2014

Decision tree is one of the famous classification methods in data mining. Many researches have been proposed, which were focusing on improving the performance of decision tree. However, those algorithms are developed and run on traditional distributed systems. Obviously the latency could not be improved while processing huge data generated by ubiquitous sensing node in the era without new technology help. In order to improve data processing latency in huge data mining, in this paper, we design and implement a new parallelized decision tree algorithm on a CUDA (compute unified device architecture), which is a GPGPU solution provided by NVIDIA. In the proposed system, CPU is responsible for flow control while the GPU is responsible for computation. We have conducted many experiments to evaluate system performance of CUDT and made a comparison with traditional CPU version. The results show that CUDT is 5∼55 times faster than Weka-j48 and is 18 times speedup than SPRINT for large data set.
Dietary One-Carbon Nutrient Intake and Risk of Lymphoid and Myeloid Neoplasms: Results of the Netherlands Cohort Study
Authors: Heinen Mirjam M. , van den Brandt Piet A. , Schouten Leo J. , Goldbohm R. Alexandra , Schouten Harry C. , Verhage Bas A.J.
Published: July 2014

Background: Previous epidemiologic research suggests a protective role of one-carbon nutrients in carcinogenesis. Folate, however, may play a dual role in neoplasms development: protect early in carcinogenesis and promote carcinogenesis at a later stage. We prospectively examined associations between intake of total folate, methionine, riboflavin, vitamin B6, and risk of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms (including subtypes) and investigated whether alcohol modified the effects of folate.

Methods: The Netherlands Cohort Study consists of 120,852 individuals who completed a baseline questionnaire in 1986, including a 150-item food-frequency questionnaire. After 17.3 years of follow-up, 1,280 cases of lymphoid and 222 cases of myeloid neoplasms were available for analysis.

Results: Intakes of folate, methionine, and riboflavin were not associated with lymphoid or myeloid neoplasms. For vitamin B6, a statistically significantly increased myeloid neoplasms risk was observed (highest vs. lowest quintile: HR = 1.87; 95% confidence intervals, 1.08–3.25). When analyzing by lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms subtypes, no clear associations were observed for most subtypes, with just a few increased risks for some subtypes and nutrients. Some risks became nonsignificant after excluding early cases. No interaction between alcohol and folate was observed.

Conclusions: We observed a few significant positive associations; however, some of these would be expected to arise due to chance alone. Furthermore, some risks became nonsignificant after excluding early cases. Therefore, we conclude that there is no association between one-carbon nutrient intake and risk of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms.

Impact: This study contributes substantially to the limited and inconclusive evidence on the association with one-carbon nutrients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(10); 2153–64. ©2014 AACR.
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Data Support the General Unrelatedness of the Males in the Agricultural Health Study
Authors: Jack John R. , Motsinger-Reif Alison A. , Koutros Stella , Alavanja Michael C. , Beane Freeman Laura E. , Hoppin Jane A.
Published: July 2014

Background: Farming is often a family and multigenerational business. Relatedness among farmers could bias gene–environment interaction analysis. To evaluate the potential relatedness of farmers, we used data from a nested case–control study of prostate cancer conducted in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a prospective study of farmers in Iowa and North Carolina.

Methods: We analyzed the genetic data for 25,009 SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) from 2,220 White participants to test for cryptic relatedness among these farmers. We used two software packages: (i) PLINK, to calculate inbreeding coefficients and identity-by-descent (IBD) statistics and (ii) EIGENSOFT, to perform a principal component analysis on the genetic data.

Results: Inbreeding coefficients estimates and IBD statistics show that the subjects are overwhelmingly unrelated, with little potential for cryptic relatedness in these data.

Conclusions: Our analysis rejects the hypothesis that individuals in the case–control study exhibit cryptic relatedness.

Impact: These findings are important for all subsequent analyses of gene–environment interactions in the AHS. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(10); 2192–5. ©2014 AACR.
Systematically Defining Single-Gene Determinants of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Reveals Specific Biomarkers
Authors: Witkiewicz Agnieszka K. , Balaji Uthra , Knudsen Erik S.
Published: July 2014

Purpose: We sought to systematically define determinants of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy to elucidate predictive biomarkers for breast cancer.

Experimental Design: An unbiased systematic analysis was performed in multiple independent datasets to define genes predictive of complete pathologic response (pCR) following treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These genes were interrogated across estrogen receptor (ER)–positive and ER-negative breast cancer and those in common across three different treatment regimens were analyzed for optimal predictive power. Subsequent validation was performed on independent cohorts by gene expression and IHC analyses.

Results: Genes that were highly associated with the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer were readily defined using a computational method ranking individual genes by their respective ROC. Such predictive genes of the response to taxane-associated therapies were strongly enriched for cell-cycle control processes in both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer and correlated with pCR. However, other genes that were specifically associated with residual disease were also identified under other treatment conditions. Using the intersection between treatment groups, nine genes were identified that harbored strong predictive power in multiple contexts and validation cohort. In particular, the nuclear oncogene DEK was strongly associated with pCR, whereas the cell surface protein BCAM was strongly associated with residual disease. By IHC staining, these markers exhibited potent predictive power that remained significant in multivariate analysis.

Conclusion: Systematic computational approaches can define key genes that will be able to predict the response to chemotherapy across multiple treatment modalities yielding a small collection of biomarkers that can be readily deployed by IHC analyses. Clin Cancer Res; 20(18); 4837–48. ©2014 AACR.
O marco de uma tradução
Authors: Bazzo Renata
Published: July 2014

Resenha de Luto e Melancolia, de Sigmund Freud. Tradução de Marilene Carone. (São Paulo: Cosac Naify, 2011).
História e Sobrelevação no Escrito da Diferença
Authors: Valentim Marco Antonio
Published: July 2014

Esse artigo examina os conceitos de história e sobrelevação (Aufhebung) em conexão com a dialética de razão e entendimento narrada por Hegel no primeiro capítulo do Escrito da Diferença. Assim, na medida em que a sobrelevação, enquanto síntese de intuição e reflexão, constitui o âmbito fundamental da história, como formação do Espírito, a oposição harmônica entre razão e entendimento torna possível a efetivação do saber no sistema, isto é, no modo da comunidade originária de espírito e letra. Trata-se, pois, de indicar o caráter decisivo da forma – ou seja, figura – como a essência mesma do absoluto. O que aqui se procura fazer pela diferença com o sistema de filosofia de Fichte e de Schelling, que representa respectivamente as abstrações da letra sem inspiração e do espírito iletrado.
Transient Receptor Potential Channels Contribute to Pathological Structural and Functional Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Makarewich Catherine A. , Zhang Hongyu , Davis Jennifer , Correll Robert N. , Trappanese Danielle M. , Hoffman Nicholas E. , Troupes Constantine D. , Berretta Remus M. , Kubo Hajime , Madesh Muniswamy , Chen Xiongwen , Gao Erhe , Molkentin Jeffery D. , Houser Steven R.
Published: July 2014

Rationale:

The cellular and molecular basis for post–myocardial infarction (MI) structural and functional remodeling is not well understood.

Objective:

Our aim was to determine if Ca
2+
influx through transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels contributes to post-MI structural and functional remodeling.

Methods and Results:

TRPC1/3/4/6 channel mRNA increased after MI in mice and was associated with TRPC-mediated Ca
2+
entry. Cardiac myocyte–specific expression of a dominant-negative (loss-of-function) TRPC4 channel increased basal myocyte contractility and reduced hypertrophy and cardiac structural and functional remodeling after MI while increasing survival in mice. We used adenovirus-mediated expression of TRPC3/4/6 channels in cultured adult feline myocytes to define mechanistic aspects of these TRPC-related effects. TRPC3/4/6 overexpression in adult feline myocytes induced calcineurin (Cn)-nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT)–mediated hypertrophic signaling, which was reliant on caveolae targeting of TRPCs. TRPC3/4/6 expression in adult feline myocytes increased rested state contractions and increased spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
sparks mediated by enhanced phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor. TRPC3/4/6 expression was associated with reduced contractility and response to catecholamines during steady-state pacing, likely because of enhanced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
leak.

Conclusions:

Ca
2+
influx through TRPC channels expressed after MI activates pathological cardiac hypertrophy and reduces contractility reserve. Blocking post-MI TRPC activity improved post-MI cardiac structure and function.
Maternal tactics for mitigating neonate predation risk during the postpartum period in Thomson’s gazelle
Authors: Roberts Blair A. , Rubenstein Daniel I.
Published: July 2014

The time immediately following birth is a period of high predation risk for ungulate neonates. Ungulate mothers exhibit perinatal behaviors that appear to mitigate offspring risk during this time. However, few studies of infant mortality include the postpartum period. Therefore, the function and effectiveness of these maternal behaviors are untested. We observed perinatal behavior in 11 Thomson’s gazelle (Eudorcas thomsoni) mother–infant pairs in a free-ranging population under predation pressure. Five of the six fawns that were detected by predators during the perinatal period were killed. Fawn survival therefore depended on avoiding detection by predators. Considered individually, neither prepartum isolation from conspecifics nor birth site selection affected the risk of being detected by a predator. However, analyses revealed two distinct perinatal tactics: mothers either isolated and gave birth in tall grass or remained in their social groups and gave birth in short grass. Both of these tactics resulted in lower risk of predator detection compared to behavior that was inconsistent with either tactic. The tactics represent a maternal trade-off between minimizing the duration of the highly vulnerable postpartum period and minimizing conspicuousness to predators.
The Future of Philosophy of History from its Narrativist Past
Authors: La Greca María Inés
Published: July 2014

Hayden White inaugurated narrativism in philosophy of history when he effected a productive displacement of earlier epistemological discussions around the relationship between narration and historical knowledge: White identified the problem of narrative in history with the problem of the use of figurative language in the representation of the past. Thus, he enabled a new way of thinking philosophy of history’s object of study by paying attention to an aspect of historical practice he considered wrongly overlooked: the writing of history. His formal theory of the historical work needs no introduction. Instead, this paper aims at reclaiming the fundamental philosophical legacy White has left us in his latest work on middle voice writing.

First, I will frame White’s thought as a response to what I call the paradoxical nature of historical narrative, as Louis Mink and Roland Barthes understand it. By presenting our narrativist past as White’s ironical and liberating stance on historical narrative, I will show how he identified figuration as the paradoxical resource and constrain of historical writing. Secondly, I will elaborate on his latest inquiries into middle voice writing as pointing the way into the future of philosophy of history. Thus, I will claim that the notion of middle voice writing that White adopted from Roland Barthes should be read from the point of view of performativity theory in order to reassess the philosophical nature of historical writing now considered as the performative self-constitution of the historical subject.
Truth, Objectivity and Evidence in History Writing
Authors: Tamm Marek
Published: July 2014

This article aims to suggest one possible – pragmatist in a very broad sense of the term – approach to making sense of the way truth and objectivity function within the discipline of history. It argues that history doesn’t need a new theory of truth; rather, it is necessary to analyse in theoretical terms how truth is understood and used in historical inquiry. This article considers truth as an epistemic term in a certain given – historiographical – use, and objectivity is understood as an epistemic virtue valued in a specific contemporary scientific community, that of professional historians.

The main argument is developed in three interrelated steps. First, the article makes the case for a pragmatic “truth pact” in history writing, arguing that the conditions of historical truth depend on the illocutionary force of historical utterance. Second, it proposes that this “truth pact” is “guaranteed” by fellow historians or, in other words: truth claims in history writing are based not on their direct relation with reality but on a disciplinary consensus as to the methods of inquiry, cognitive values and epistemic virtues. Third, it will establish a clear connection between truth and proof in history writing, arguing that the “truth pact” is grounded in a critical analysis of the available evidence.