bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Leads Mapping in the Arctic Ocean Between Landsat and MODIS Ice Surface Temperature Products
Authors: Pang Xiaoping , Fan Pei , Zhao Xi , Ji Qing
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Leads are linear or wedge-shaped openings in the sea ice cover. They account for about half of the sensible heat transfer from the Arctic Ocean to the atmosphere in winter, though the sea surface area covered by them is only 1%~2% of the total sea ice area, thus monitoring leads changes and mapping leads distributions become an essential role on Arctic researches. Sea ice surface temperature (IST) product from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is the most used source of leads monitoring and mapping, however, due to the coarse spatial resolution (1km at swath level), it suffers from mixed pixel effect when describes the temperature variations on thin leads (10m~100m), thus an IST product with a finer spatial resolution is needed. Though several surface temperature retrieval algorithms had been introduced based on Landsat 8 thermal imagery, none of them were validated in Arctic sea ice region. Given that the special weather conditions such as air temperature inversion were not taken into consideration, these algorithms may not always suitable for IST acquisition in Arctic. In this paper, we applied five mainstream IST algorithms (three split window algorithms and two single channel methods) on Arctic sea ice, compared the Landsat 8 IST with corresponding MODIS IST product, and validated all the satellite ISTs by in situ temperature measurements from drifting buoys. Compared to the buoy ISTs, the single channel method through web-based atmosphere correction tool provided by Barsi et al. (2003) offers the best accuracy. The split window algorithm proposed by Du et al. (2015) ranks the second, but constrained by the banding effect due to the stripe noise. Split window algorithm introduced by Jiménez-Muñoz et al. (2014) coincides with MODIS IST product best. All of the three methods mentioned above have slightly better accuracy than MODIS IST, particular in thin leads areas, which indicated that Landsat based leads map will provide us a better insight of Arctic sea ice. All the satellite ISTs tend to underestimate the surface temperature than those measured by buoys.
Effects of valence on selecting and memorizing spatial information from road maps
Authors: Binn Andrea
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Movements in unfamiliar environments require navigational tasks, which can be supported by selecting and memorizing spatial information from maps. However, this process of information extraction from maps is initiated and surrounded by a personal, emotional context. Since emotion and cognition are interlaced aspects and the visual search for information acquisition is influenced by mood and memory (Kruijne & Meeter, 2015; Storbeck & Clore, 2005), this research aims at determining the effects of valence on selecting and memorizing spatial information from road maps (e.g. google maps). Thereby it shall be evaluated, if common cartographic practices of visual appearance, e.g. saliency or hierarchy of objects, or the represented information itself, are in accordance with a users` need or notion of space under different emotional contexts.Since subjective emotional contexts occur in a huge variety with low predictability and in various dimensions, this research uses a mental pre-activation of possible emotional contexts via audio-visual priming of positive and negative valence (Mayr, S., Buchner, A., 2007) before a memory task with road maps. The subsequent memory task aims at understanding “higher cognitive functions such as comprehension” (Borkin et al., 2016), by determining which information users acquire from road maps of unfamiliar space under different emotional contexts, and why they choose this information. The qualitative studies investigate on insights into the selection, learning, and recall of spatial information while being under different types of valence, such as either in an induced, acute, extrinsic stressful situation (negative valence) or in a more relaxed state (positive valence). Further they address on object selection strategies applied in the two group conditions, and on the participants' associations of object and location (Postma et al., 2004). Moreover, this research aims to contribute to a better understanding of how the emotional context affects object-location memory.The results suggest that valence has an impact on the selection, learning, and recall of spatial information from road maps of unknown spaces while being under different emotional contexts. Judgements on spatial strategy, object selection and visual search strategy were affected stronger by the negative than positive arousal. Negative valence (stress) promotes strategic object selection strategies, higher memory retrieval and more accurate object-location memory, as well as a faster memory implementation of visually represented content. Positive valence promotes the development of personal associations of object and location. Findings show, that common cartographic practices (e.g. saliency, represented information) are just partly in accordance with what users select and memorize under emotional contexts.
UAV Based Agricultural Crop Canopy Mapping for Crop Field Monitoring
Authors: Priyankara Prabath , Morimoto Takehiro
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Nowadays, mapping of agricultural crop canopy in different growing stages are vital data for crop field monitoring than field-based observations in large scale agricultural crop fields. By mapping agricultural crop canopy, it is very easy to analyse the status of an agricultural crop field by using different vegetation indices. Further, the data can be used to estimate the yield. These information are timely and reliable spatial information to the farmers and decision makers. Mapping of crop canopy in an agricultural crop field in different growing stages are very challenging using satellite imagery mainly due to the difficulty of recording with high cloud coverage. Also, the cost for satellite imagery are higher in proportion to the spatial resolution. It takes some time to order a satellite imagery and sometimes can’t cover some growing stages. This problem can be solved by using low cost RGB based UAV imageries which can be operated at low altitudes (below the clouds) which and when necessary. This study is therefore aimed at mapping of a maize crop canopy using RGB based UAV imageries. UAV flights at different growth stages were carried out with a high resolution RGB camera over a maize field in Ampara District, Sri Lanka. For accurate crop canopy mapping, very high-resolution multi-temporal ortho-mosaicked images were derived from UAV imageries using free and open source image processing platforms with spatial resolution in centimetre level. The resultant multi-temporal ortho-mosaicked images can be used to map and monitor the crop field’s precise and efficient manner. These information are very important for farmers and decision makers to properly manage the crop fields.
The Equal Earth Projection: Distortion Characteristics, Adoption, and (Social) Media Impact
Authors: Šavrič Bojan , Jenny Bernhard , Patterson Tom
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The Equal Earth map projection (Figure 1) is a new pseudocylindrical projection for world maps. It is similar to the popular Robinson projection, but unlike the Robinson, it is an equal-area projection. The projection shows continental outlines in a visually pleasing and balanced way. Its equations are simple to implement and fast to evaluate. The creation of this projection was motivated by a wave of news stories about Boston Public Schools switching to maps using the Peters projection. Since its online publication in August 2018, the projection has already been adopted in various software and projection libraries and it has been featured by media outlets around the world.This presentation will show the distortion characteristics of Equal Earth and compare them to the Robinson projection as well as a few other well-known equal-area projections. We will cover some of the published world maps that use Equal Earth and list the software that has adopted the projection. Finally, media reporting and the impact of rapid popularity via social media circulation will be discussed.
Extending Exploration and Navigation Capabilities of the Atlas of Switzerland
Authors: Schmuki Michael , Sieber René , Hurni Lorenz
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The 3D national atlas application Atlas of Switzerland – online (Sieber et al. 2015) currently consists of over 160 thematic maps. Many of them contain multiple datasets over time which themselves are composed of over 400,000 map objects in total. Together with more than 20,000 geo objects (e.g. municipalities, mountains) the sheer amount of information is difficult to perceive, explore and navigate, especially for new users of the atlas.The goal of this research is to enable users to grasp the breadth and depth of information in a digital thematic atlas, help them to easily find the information they are looking for and also enable them to explore and navigate through information over spatial, temporal and thematic dimensions.With this contribution we will present how this challenge is being addressed by a situation analysis, the deduction of concrete measures, as well as the implementation of those suggested exploration and navigation capabilities in the atlas application itself, as also the underlying geodatabase and GIS pipeline.The presentation will give an overview of how those capabilities where identified and implemented. As well as lessons learned during the research, the current state of the application (including a demo) and future work in this area.In order to give a sense of what to expect, two current shortcomings and possible improvements are illustrated as examples.
Geospatial and Simulation a Point of Convergence
Authors: Budas Christopher V.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. As 3D visualisation of geospatial data has become more prominent over the last decade within the Mapping and Geospatial communities, they have begun to use various techniques and processes that have previously been used by the Simulation community. In the reverse the Simulation community has progressively been making wider use of rich sources of geospatial data as the basis of terrain models. This has partly been facilitated by a continued development of processing ability of computers enabling the 3D display of geospatial data on a broader range of devices including mobile platforms.In the past the Geospatial and Simulation communities have worked relatively independent from each other. This has subsequently led the Simulation community to manage geospatial data so that it would support their applications in the generation of terrains in both 2D and 3D.The study will look at the two fields and how they have come together over the years. It will also consider how the evolution of standards are having an impact on the two communities and the trends that are happening within 3D mapping and simulation that are influencing and driving these changes.Lessons learned from the Simulation community and how its work can help in a range of topics including generalisation in visualisation of data, will be given. The study will be able to offer views and perspectives of 3D visualisation in mapping presented by someone who has a Geospatial background and spent a decade using geospatial knowledge to support simulation research and has worked on generating 3D virtual representations and exploited the output for a range of purposes. Details of how the two communities can work together in the future to benefit from a mutual understanding of each other’s needs and requirements will also be given.
Study on the Behaviors of Inbound Tourists based on Geotagged Photo Metadata – A Case of the City Group in the Upper Reach of the Yellow River in China
Authors: Shen Ruru , Yan Haowen , Sun Qinke , Li Xiaojun
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The spatial distribution of geotagged photos is a projection of the tourist's tourism activities in the geospatial space, which contains spatial attributes and interrelationships of tourists’ activities. Using the Flickr photo sharing website, the paper utilizes new data mining technologies to discover and capture the metadata of geotagged photos uploaded by visitors from January 2008 to October 2018 in the upper reach of the Yellow River in China. The spatial information processing and expression of the collected data are processed and the characteristics of the inbound tourists’ behavior are explored by the P-DBSCAN, the path tracking technology and the UCINET network analysis. The main results are as follows: (1) By using the P-DBSCAN cluster analysis, the area of interest (AOI) has a feature of high agglomeration and forms a “V” shaped in the Xining-Lanzhou-Yinchuan area. The concentration of AOIs is closely related to the urban functional area and has a clear Urban functional orientation. (2) Using tracking analysis, the paper reveals single node trajectory, intraregional path trajectory and interregional path trajectory. Among them, 68.42% visitors chose single node trajectory, 9.78% visitors chose intraregional path trajectory and 21.80% tourists chose interregional path trajectory. (3) Ten cross-regional tourism mainstream lines are picked by the UCINET network analysis mode. It has been found that the tourists tend to visit those famous scenic spots (points) such as the Qinghai Lake, the YaDan Geological Park, the ‘Danxia’ Landform, the Zhenbeibu China West Film Studio. It is apparent that the Gansu-Qinghai Great Circle Tour is a hot tourist route that tourists are keen to choose. The research results have certain reference significance for improving the transformation and upgrading of tourism industry in the upper reach of the Yellow River.
Using Internet Streamed Data for Sport Visualization
Authors: Cammack Rex G. , Hunt Paul
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In many modern sports, athlete tracking for athlete performance analysis is a common practice. Most of the time this athlete tracking is done during training sessions. At some World Tour cycling races the broadcasting company and race organizers use athlete tracking data during race events for various graphical for fans of the sport. This research attempt to use the race real time broadcast of data to produce a web mapping application that will show detailed cycling race tactics and other mapping forms in near real time. This research focuses on data flow and processing for dynamic mapping of complex point data patterns.
Geostatistical mapping of land prices in Taiwan Case: an empirical comparison of ordinary kriging
Authors: Chang Cheng-Ya
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This study discusses the use of land price data to estimate the land price using the ordinary kriging method (OK). Moreover, compares the Gaussian and exponential semivariogram model by cross-validation and which one is more suitable for the ordinary kriging model also has a good Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The study area is in Tainan City, Taiwan. The data sample is a land transaction case from 2012 to 2018. The study adopts the inherent hypothesis that the difference between the random variables in different spatial locations is a random variable, and the expected value and the variance are only related to the distance between the random variables and the spatial position. The ordinary kriging method was used as a tool in the study. First, the data were randomly divided into experimental group (90%) and control group (10%) by spatial random sampling. A total of 10 pairs were combined to ensure the stability of the verification. The space autocorrelation distance (Moran's I) is taken as the influence range, and the semivariogram are verified by cross-validation method, and then verified by mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The study found that under the same data sample, after cross-validation, the exponential semivariogram model has a better land price prediction effect, whether it is the verification result or the mean absolute percentage error.
The topography of the world by IN-YOU-ZU
Authors: Akiyama Yukihide , Sakamoto Izumi
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The map which shows the large-scale topography on the earth is made variously even now. We made a Topographic map as IN-YOU-ZU from topographic data, too. An ambiguous part became easy to judge by a result and conventional expression method. A study of the map world is developed by using IN-YOU-ZU as a background map, and We will think with explication of the topography structure and expect scientific progress. A made Topographic map is using exhibited topographic public data. When more in-depth data can be used, it's expected that the precision of the expressive power rises more. Geographical Survey Institute make the basic mapinformation 5 m mesh DEM, 500 m mesh water depth data (J-EGG500) by JODC and the data of TOPO1 of World are used for a Topographic map.Theoretically, it's the Topographic map by which the modelling is put the accent on to add the temperature(cold or warm) color of the difference between the inside of the geomorphic surface mean and the plane where the outside is made the wavelength as the depth (or the height). The one to which the name of the large-scale tectonic forms was attached about the world topographical map is Figure 1. The world topographical map by IN-YOU-ZU.
Simulation and prediction of Shanghai urban spatial change based on random forest and CA-Markov model
Authors: Dang Xuewei , Zhou Liang , Li Xiaoen , Mu Haowei , Che Lei , Qiao Fuwei
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In the context of rapid urbanization, accurate assessment of urban expansion has become increasingly important for urban sustainable development, and smart growth theory has been put forward to avoid urban sprawl. Previous studies about urban expansion simulation focused only on ecological constrain which prevent urban growth from developing in specific regions. However, government decision-making and urban planning greatly influence urban development and limit the disorderly expansion of the urban. In this paper, we consider planning policies into urban simulation and uses the ecological protection red line, farmland protection red line and cultural protection control line as limiting factors for future urban simulation. Choosing Shanghai as the study area, we integrated Random Forests Algorithm (RFA), Markov chain and Cellular Automata (CA) to simulate urban expansion in 2015, and further predict the urban expansion in 2020, 2025 and 2030. The results show that the overall accuracy of urban land use simulation in 2015 is 93.86%, and the kappa coefficient is 0.8577. The model has a good simulation effect. Furthermore, the predicted results in 2020, 2025 and 2030 show that the urban land area in Shanghai is still increasing, and the spatial distribution of urban land has obvious circle structure and regional differences. The urban areas within 10km from the city center are growing slowly, and the region within 30km from the city center is growing faster, and there are more new urban points from 2025 to 2030. But in the area 30km away from the city center, different administrative areas show different urban growth phenomena. Among them, there are a large number of new urban points in the junction area between Songjiang District and Jinshan District, which may be the focus of future urban development planning in Shanghai. The proposed model and the results can help planners study the evolution of urban patterns and develop further urban planning.
Graphical modeling with the chorematic method. A case study on Saudi Arabia
Authors: Dhieb Mohsen
Published: July 2019

Abstract. In geographical research, the chorematic method (from the French word chorème of French geographer R. Brunet, 1983) has been presented as a meaningful graphical modeling method of geographical spaces. In its author’s thought, it is meant to resume the specific characters and overall design of one given space whatever its configuration, its characteristics, and its extent by using very simplified graphical shapes, figures, colors and textures. The graphical modeling by chorems is sensed to express the profound inner space structures, patterns and relationships of spaces.This graphic method and its applications were applied mostly in western countries and especially in France and Latin countries to portray various spaces and various phenomena. They were not well known in the Third World countries according to the literature. Yet they proved certain learning qualities and high ability to synthesize space.One goal of the research is to implement, discuss and evaluate a case application of chorems on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Another goal is to measure to what extent this method may be useful to portray and understand spatial structures and to what extent automation of its steps may help. Another goal is to try to state a set of rules and guidelines to realize easily series of chorems that apply to one space. The idea behind is to try to make the design of chorems more systematic and not depending on authors subjective point of view and to evaluate if this challenge can be realized The examples studied are derived from the geography of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, thematic data are about its natural and human resources, the spatial mobility of its human components and their evolution over time. The author concludes that Chorems are figures that may yield useful ideas and guidelines for featuring the development of one economy with regards to its spatial planning policy, i.e., in the case of Saudi Arabia, the future vision of the Kingdom 2030.
Living Among the Dead in the Manila North Cemetery: A Cartographic Re-Imagination
Authors: Algura Patricia O.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Cemeteries are often regarded as left behind landscapes: scary and lifeless, abandoned and forgotten. Despite this derelict image, residents of Manila North Cemetery are living and co-existing in tombs and mausoleums. They celebrate life and live behind the shadows of those who have passed on. The maps present the unseen life in the spaces of the cemetery. Behind the dark and shadows of the departed are faces of people with bright smiles and with inspiring dreams. Through ethnographic research, interviews and observations were conducted to uncover and recover stories of life and experiences that were used as the basis, foundation, and inspiration of the maps. Using the actual map of the cemetery, a series of maps were realized to portray stained-glass images of mother and child, Mother Mary, and angel, where colors represent the vibrant life and the promise of afterlife in the cemetery.These maps tell a whole different story, giving light to the life rather than the dead. The Mother and child map shows how adults in the cemetery are doting parents and siblings. Elders were responsible for providing the needs and nourishing the family. As part of the Philippine culture, Filipinos are family-oriented, and they tend to remain close to their families even if the child is grown up - gainfully employed or has married. The portrait of Mother Mary symbolizes Filipinos’ Christian faith. The smiles on faces are evidences of hope and faith. Living in what society considers an undesirable disposition, the people are determined and always hopeful for tomorrow. The departed are depicted as the angel, as it shows how the living and the dead are at peace and coexisting in the same environment. We, as outsiders, often hear about ghosts, horror stories, and consider cemeteries as haunted, but these events and stories are uncommon to the residents. They had established a relationship with the place and those around it. For them, the cemetery is not merely a place, but a place they call home.The maps demonstrate that the living and the dead can co-exist in the same space rather than separated. These cartographic works are interventions to depict, portray, and represent urban life that exist in the peripheries of the city of Manila.
Surface and Volume Variation Determination of Laguna de Laja (Chile) since 2007
Authors: Fernandez Esteban , Staub Guido
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The present work aims to determine surface and volume variations of Laguna de Laja using satellite imagery (Landsat), image processing techniques, a digital bathymetric model and in situ measurements. Laguna de Laja, one of the mayor hydrologic resources in Chile is located at about 600 km to the south of Santiago de Chile, Chiles capital city, in the Andes mountains. Its particularity is caused by Tourism – as it is located in the vicinity of the Laguna de Laja National Park Irrigation – 120000 hectares Hydroelectric power generation – 4 mayor power plants For this study, Landsat 5, 7 and 8 were considered. A total of 47 satellite images were acquired for March, June, September and December since 2007. The bathymetric model of the Laguna de Laja was generated in 2001 in a scientific research collaboration between the University of Concepción (Chile) and the German Research Center for Environmental Research (Germany). A single beam echo sounder EA400 in combination with a Trimble GPS 4000 SSi receiver was used to survey the Laguna de Laja. One of the fundamental steps on which is based our approach makes use of the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), which considers the green and near infrared bands of Landsat. The calculation of this index allows to separate water bodies from any other type of surface coverage (McFeeters, 1996). In our case the Laguna de Laja has a quite irregular form but it is embedded in a mountainous area. In consequence it can easily be detected by the generation of density slices based on NDWI. Our results indicate that the Laguna de Laja suffers a permanent loss of water. Nevertheless there is no linear trend observable. Between 2010 and 2013, a constant loss in both surface (2 cukm) and volume (32 sqkm) can be detected. Furthermore, between 2014 and 2016, water volume increased in both surface and volume. Since 2017 seasonal maxima (December) and minima (June) are clearly defined and almost no loss has occurred since. In totaled considering the observed time span surface diminished by 20,3% and water volume loss is 24,5%. Future work has to be focused on the sources for the indicated loss of water. Many reasons, such as higher temperatures, increase in water usage for irrigation, decrease of precipitation, and many others.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Carpooling Data
Authors: Gede Mátyás , Varga Lola
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Carpooling is a popular alternative to public transport in Hungary. The authors analysed data of the biggest Hungarian carpooling website containing all journeys in a one year interval. The data contains the origin and destination settlements, date/time and price of more than 600 000 journeys.The raw data was first cleaned from typos and misspellings, then geocoded and completed by route geometries using free online services (OpenStreetMap Nominatim and OpenRouteService). Then it was examined from several aspects:comparing the average prices and travel times of routes to available public transport meansanalysing the temporal distribution of the journeys through the days of the week, and through the yearcomparing the relative prices of domestic and international journeys -examining the price deviation of routes – how much does the “free market” standardize fares, and what is the percentage of free rides in various directionsThe results are visualised on thematic maps and various diagrams. The analysis revealed a great asymmetry between east and west – while the majority of the domestic journeys was realised in the eastern half of Hungary, the international destinations are mostly in Western Europe (Figure 1). The possible causes are that this is where majority of those Hungarians that work can be found, and that traveling from to Romanian cities (which is also very frequent because of the large number of Hungarian minorities there) is mostly realized with a well-developed system of minibus companies, so carpooling plays a little role in that direction. The temporal distribution is most interesting when examined through the days of the week: the busiest days are Fridays and Sundays, when college students and commuters travel home and back from/to the weekend. The asymmetry between travels from and to Budapest is also observable: on Friday people are leaving the capital for weekend, and on Sunday (and partly on Monday) they are coming back (Figure 2).
Lifelong Learning Policies: The Case of Work-Based Learning
Authors: Kavasakalis Aggelos , Liossi Foteini
Published: July 2019

In this paper the role of validation and recognition of non-formal and informal learning, focusing on work-based learning (WBL) is examined. The paper is based on the analysis of EU and international organizations policy documents related to developments in the areas of Lifelong Learning and the development of learning processes through WBL. In the first section, a general overview of the wider condition of the society and economy and the necessity of the discussion on the paper’s theme take place. In the next part of the paper a mention of key points of the European policies on life-long learning with the focus of recognition and validation of non-formal and informal learning is been presented. In the third part, the section before the concluding remarks, the theme of Work-based learning, the development of necessary validation processes and the challenges are being analyzed.
Possessors in switch-reference
Authors: Bárány András , Nikolaeva Irina
Published: July 2019

Some languages with switch-reference use same-subject markers in structures where the internal possessor of one subject corefers with another subject, but the subjects do not corefer with each other. We analyse such patterns as a type of non-canonical switch-reference (Stirling 1993; de Sousa 2016) and show that languages differ in what types of possessive relations license same-subject marking. Languages that allow alienable possessive relations in switch-reference also allow inalienable relations to license same-subject marking, but not vice versa. In addition, alienable, but not inalienable possessive relations, must be morphosyntactically expressed when licensing same-subject marking. Adopting a modified version of Stirling’s (1993) approach, we derive these implicational relations from anaphoric conditions licensing non-canonical switch-reference.
Portafolio estudiantil, estrategias innovadoras para el aprendizaje del tema de respiración celular
Authors: Sánchez Dilcia
Published: July 2019

El tema de la respiración celular forma parte de la asignatura Biología Médica, que ofrece la Escuela de Biología a los estudiantes de la carrera de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, UNAH. Los datos de rendimiento académico en el aprendizaje de este tema reflejan la necesidad de mejorar el nivel de logro de los objetivos educativos. Es así como surge el proyecto Portafolio estudiantil, estrategias innovadoras para el aprendizaje del tema de respiración celular, innovación educativa que se implementó en el tercer periodo académico 2015 y el primer período académico 2016. El objetivo principal del proyecto fue crear los instrumentos didácticos para la implementación de una metodología innovadora para el aprendizaje del tema de respiración celular, basada en competencias. En el presente artículo se comparte el proceso llevado a cabo, los resultados de esta experiencia de innovación docente y estudiantil, así como los productos didácticos generados para innovar la forma de abordar este tema en la clase.
M-Leaning en apoyo a la Carrera de Ecoturismo modalidad virtual y presencial
Authors: Agurcia Ramos Carlos Francisco
Published: July 2019

Las innovaciones pedagógicas y tecnológicas del presente amplían los escenarios de aprendizaje, de manera que facilitan el acceso a las actividades educativas en cualquier momento y lugar. Desde este enfoque y para resolver problemas como el acceso a contenidos educativos en línea en tiempo real, se llevó a cabo el proyecto de innovación educativa “Desarrollo de una aplicación para los contenidos del Seminario de Relaciones Humanas de la Carrera de Ecoturismo en línea de la UNAH. El producto final de este proyecto es una aplicación móvil que de manera asincrónica permite acceder a los contenidos de la asignatura Seminario de Relaciones Humanas. En este artículo se presentan las distintas fases de desarrollo de este proyecto, sus principales resultados y el beneficio para los estudiantes de la licenciatura de Ecoturismo en línea que tienen dificultades de conectividad y acceso al equipo de cómputo para ingresar a la plataforma educativa y estudiar los contenidos de aprendizaje en forma asincrónica.
Accelerated aging test for forage pea seeds
Authors: Machado Carla Gomes , Silva Givanildo Zildo , Oliveira Silvia Sanielle Costa , Martins Cibele Chalita
Published: July 2019

Forage pea is an important annual, cold climate crop with high levels of essential amino acids in its seeds, which are lacking in the composition of cereal grains. Therefore, livestock farmers use its seeds as a nutritious source of forage. To plant fields of this forage, it is necessary to know the quality of the seeds, determined through germination and vigor tests. In the literature, studies on vigor tests for forage pea seeds are scarce. This study aimed to verify the efficiency of vigor tests, with emphasis on accelerated aging to evaluate the physiological quality of forage pea seeds in order to select lots for seedling emergence in the field. Using accelerated aging tests, 10 lots of forage pea were evaluated for moisture content, thousand-seed weight, emergence percentage, emergence first count, speed index of seedlings in the field, germination, germination first count, and electrical conductivity. The following variations of methodology were used: temperatures of 41 and 42 °C, exposure times of 48 and 72 h, and different relative humidity values in the aging atmosphere, using distilled water (100 % RH), saturated solution of potassium chloride (87 % RH), and sodium chloride (76 % RH). The tests of germination, emergence first count of seedlings in the field, emergence speed index, and electrical conductivity are promising to evaluate the vigor of forage pea seed lots. The accelerated aging test conducted in a solution saturated with potassium chloride at 42 °C for 48 h is adequate to estimate the vigor of forage pea seed lots, providing information similar to that of the emergence of seedlings in the field.
An epidemiological study of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) in breeder goats from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Sousa Maximiana Mesquita de , Andrioli Alice , Pinheiro Raymundo Rizaldo , Alves Francisco Selmo Fernandes , Santos Vanderlan Warlington Souza dos , Damasceno Edgar Marques , Araújo Juscilânia Furtado , Sousa Ana Lídia Madeira de , Vieira Luiz da Silva
Published: July 2019

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a retrovirus that infects goats. This study evaluated the prevalence of CAEV in breeder goats from the states of Maranhão, Ceará, Piauí, Alagoas, Sergipe, Rio Grande do Norte, and Paraíba. We collected a total of 531 serum samples from 251 properties. On average, two male breeder goats were examined from each farm. Results from western blotting demonstrated that the prevalence of CAEV was 6.2% (32/513). In each state, the following prevalence values were found: Piauí, 5.9% (7/119); Maranhão, 2.0% (01/48); Sergipe, 7.1% (03/42); Alagoas, 17.6% (03/17); Rio Grande do Norte, 4.7% (05/105); Paraíba, 2.1% (02/94); and Ceará, 12.5% (11/34). We also conducted a univariate analysis to determine the risk factors that are associated with CAEV. This analysis revealed that breeding season, records of herd data, criteria adopted for the first mating of females, castration of male goats, origin of breeders, and identification of the animal were associated with CAEV. Adopting control measures to identify CAEV-positive animals and avoid virus transmission to females, especially during breeding seasons, is crucial since, males carrying CAEV can be sources of infection for the entire herd.
Soybean hulls and / or white oat grains on the ingestive behavior of confined steers
Authors: Joner Guilherme , Alves Filho Dari Celestino , Mayer Andrei Retamoso , Cattelam Patrícia Machado Martini , Domingues Camille Carijo , Silva Mauren Burin da , Cocco Joziane Michelon , Cardoso Gilmar dos Santos , Martini Ana Paula Machado , Brondani Ivan Luiz
Published: July 2019

Dry matter and neutral detergent fiber contents act as physical regulators of voluntary intake in ruminants. Therefore, different levels of these components may interfere with animal performance and require careful assessment of the used raw material. This study was conducted with the purpose to assess the effect of soybean hulls and white oat in distinct or associated uses in the concentrate diet on the ingestive behavior of cattle. Thirty-six steers with an initial mean age of 20 months and initial mean weight of 226 kg were used. The diet was composed of 50% sorghum silage and 50% concentrate based on dry matter. The tested diets were soybean hulls (concentrate fraction composed mainly of soybean hulls), white oat grains (concentrate fraction composed mainly of white oat grains), and mixture (concentrate fraction composed of equal parts of soybean hulls and white oat grains). The experimental design was a randomized block design with 12 animals per diet. The data were compared by the PROC MIXED procedure with repeated measures in time, and the means were compared by the least significant difference test at 5% significance level. Diets presented different contents of neutral detergent fiber (66, 56, and 47%) and lignin (3.2, 3.7, and 4.1%) as the percentage of white oat grain increased in the diet. The total rumination time was lower (447 minutes) for animals that received equal parts of soybean hulls and white oat grains in the diet when compared to animals receiving a diet containing soybean hulls (483 minutes) and white oat grains (495 minutes), with no difference from each other. Animals fed a diet containing soybean hulls and white oat grains showed longer feeding time, a higher number of daily meals, shorter rumination time, shorter time spent chewing, and fewer number of chews per bolus and day. This diet results in a better dry matter and neutral detergent fiber rumination efficiencies.
Performance of Nellore females in tropical pastures during the rainy season when supplemented with molasses blocks
Authors: Lopes Henrique Moreira , Lima Maria Lucia Pereira , Zilião Gabriel Carletti , Negrão João Alberto , Simili Flávia Fernanda , Pires Bianca Vilela , El Faro Lenira
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to measure the effect of supplementation with molasses blocks compared with conventional mineral supplementation (with specific formulations for the rainy and dry season) in 92 7-month-old Nellore heifers (Experiment 1) and 40 primiparous 31-month-old Nellore cows (Experiment 2) in Marandu grazing areas. The following measurements were obtained: weight, supplement intake, blood urea and glucose in heifers (Experiment 1), supplement intake, cow weight, body score, calf weight and ruminal temperature and drinking events in primiparous females (Experiment 2). The average molasses block intake was 242 g day-1 per heifer, with an average weight gain of 0.290 kg day-1; the heifers who consumed the molasses blocks were heavier during the rainy season (P < 0.05; Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, molasses block intake varied from 77 to 821 g day-1 per primiparous female, and the average intake in the control group was between 100 and 370 g day-1. The primiparous females given molasses blocks displayed lower weight loss due to calving (P < 0.05) and retained higher body scores at 150 days postpartum (P < 0.05). Ruminal temperature (P < 0.05) and drinking events (P < 0.05) were higher in primiparous Nellore females given molasses blocks. Overall, molasses blocks effectively increased Nellore female performance during the rainy season in Marandu grass pastures.
Bone parameters and organ morphometry of two broiler chicken lines exposed to heat for different periods
Authors: Moraes Cintia Amaral , Bueno João Paulo Rodrigues , Nascimento Mara Regina Bueno de Mattos , Litz Fernanda Heloisa , Gotardo Luciana Ruggeri Menezes , Guimarães Ednaldo Carvalho
Published: July 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different times of exposure to heat on bone parameters and organ morphometry of Cobb Slow® and Hubbard Flex® broilers exposed to high temperatures for 1, 2 or 3 h daily, from 14 days of age. A total of 1120 one-day-old male chicks (half of each line; average weight of 44 g) were housed into 32 cages with 35 birds each, in a randomized-block experimental design. From the first to the 13th day of age, the birds remained under the thermal conditions recommended for their lines; thereafter, from the 14th day, the shed was separated into four parallel sections of 5.60 × 10.20 × 2.8 m delimited by double-sided plastic curtains along the width of the shed. Cyclic heat stress was generated by average temperatures of 36 ºC from 14-20 days, 35 °C from 21-27 days, 34 °C from 28-34 days and 33 °C from 35-42 days. The total length, width, density and mineral matter of the tibia; the size of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum; and the weights of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen were measured. No interaction effect between thermal environment and line was observed. Heat stress for up to 3 h daily, from the 14th to the 41st day of age, led to a longer but narrower tibia. There was no influence on small intestine morphometry. The Hubbard line presented longer and wider tibiae as well as higher relative and absolute weights of the bursa. In conclusion, heat stress from 2 h daily modifies the structure of the tibia in broilers, which increases in length and reduces in width, but heat exposure has no influence on the small intestine or lymphoid organs. The Hubbard line shows better tibia development than the Cobb line as well as different primary lymphoid responses, represented by a heavier bursa.
Melatonin concentration in the milk of cows supplemented with vitamins and milked twice daily
Authors: Holzmann Vitória Maria Montenegro , Trentin Milena , Rego Fabíola Cristine de Almeida , Cunha Filho Luiz Fernando Coelho , Ludovico Agostinho
Published: July 2019

Melatonin, a hormone secreted in cow milk, has beneficial effects on human health. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin supplementation and nocturnal milking on the concentration of melatonin in cow milk. Twenty-one confined cows in the final period of lactation were used for the study and the supplemented vitamins were: rumen-protected B vitamins, A, D3, E, and niacin (B3) not protected from rumen degradation. The experimental period had a duration of 10 days. Milk samples were collected during the first two days, without supplementation of vitamins (WITHOUT), and during the final two days, eight days after the beginning of supplementation (WITH). Samples of milk produced without and with supplementation, milked at 05:00 h (NIGHT) or from the total milk produced in the two daily milkings (TOTAL), were analyzed. The concentration of melatonin was determined by enzyme immunoassay using the ELISA kit, and the results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey´s test with 5% significance. Supplementation of the diet with vitamins (WITH) did not affect melatonin concentration in TOTAL milk, but it resulted in a concentration 40.55% lower in the NIGHT milk than in the milk from cows without (WITHOUT) supplementation (6.57 vs. 11.06 pg mL-1). Milk milked at night showed melatonin concentrations 1.43 to 2.38 times higher than daily TOTAL milk. The total milk of the herd showed a concentration of 2.13 pg mL-1. The differentiated collection of milk produced during the night period makes it possible to obtain milk with high levels of melatonin.
Virulence factors of Escherichia coli: an overview of animal and human infections with emphasis in bovine mastitis
Authors: Guerra Simony Trevizan , Paula Carolina Lechinski de , Bolaños Carmen Alicia Daza , Hernandes Rodrigo Tavanelli , Ribeiro Márcio Garcia
Published: July 2019

Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the enteric microflora of human and animal. Intestinal and extra-intestinal infections caused by E. coli in mammals are characterized by the presence of diversity of virulence factors. In addition it can be isolated from environment surrounding human and animal farms. E. coli is the main environmental pathogen causing clinical mastitis in dairy cattle. It causes a wide range of disease severity, from changes seen exclusively in milk to severe systemic signs. The severity of clinical mastitis has been conventionally classified into three levels: mild (grade 1), moderate (score 2), and severe (score 3). Recently, reports of cases of bovine mastitis caused by environmental agents have been on the rise, in particular in countries that have succeeded in controlling contagious microorganisms. Unlike enteric and certain extra-enteric conditions in domestic animals and humans, the impact of virulence factors on the occurrence of bovine mastitis due to E. coli, as well as the clinical severity of the cases, is not fully understood. In this regard, the present study reviewed the most relevant virulence factors of E. coli in human and animals, with emphasis in bovine mastitis.
Effects of an Experiential Training Group on Psychological Wellness and Professional Efficacy for Counsellors-in-Training
Authors: Fung Suk Chun
Published: July 2019

Despite the recognized value of an experiential training group in major counselling program accrediting and governing institutions, there is a paucity of research investigating the effectiveness of such a training group for counsellors-in-training (CITs). The present study examined the effects of a wellness-themed training group conducted in Hong Kong on CITs’ psychological wellness and group leader self-efficacy. The Five Factor Wellness Inventory (5F–Wel) and the Group Leader Self-Efficacy Instrument (GLSI) were administered to forty-three CITs of a Hong Kong master’s degree program in counsellor education. A pretest–posttest design was employed to compare psychological wellness and group leader self-efficacy before and after a 12-hour experiential training group. Two research aims were addressed. The findings showed significant increases in group leader self-efficacy and psychological wellness among CIT participants. Further investigation showed that Coping Self, Creative Self and Life Satisfaction improved significantly following the experiential training group. The foci of promoting an awareness of personal resources and identifying personal-fit positive coping strategies in the current group intervention might contribute to the positive results. The present findings have important implications for counsellor educators who have an important role in preparing competent and resilient CITs. The mandatory participation of the CITs as group members in an authentic, feedback experiential training group is recommended in a professional counselling program.