bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANÁLISIS BACTERIOLÓGICO DE SUPERFICIES INERTES Y SENSIBILIDAD ANTIBIÓTICA EN EL SERVICIO DE CIRUGÍA GENERAL DEL HOSPITAL REGIONAL DE ICA
Authors: Leveau-Bartra Harry , Leveau-Bartra Orison , Arizola-Aguado Alicia
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Identificar las bacterias presentes en superficies inertes del área de cirugía y conocer su respectiva sensibilidad antibiótica según corresponda. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, prospectivo. Investigación para identificar microorganismos patógenos en superficies inanimadas del Hospital Regional de Ica. Se procedió a las tomas de muestra humedeciendo el hisopo en el caldo cerebro corazón y luego sembrado en agar sangre 5%, agar Mac Conkey y agar manitol salado, incubándolos durante 24 horas a 37ºC, tinción de Gram, pruebas de catalasa y oxidasa. Se realizó la primera lectura dentro de las 24 horas. Resultados: Estafilococus coagulasa negativo se aislaron en el lavadero, coche de medicación, mesa de comer, coche de curación de cirugía B y mesa de comer. Bacillus sp. se aislaron en pared y mesa de comer de Cirugía General. Staphylococsus aureus se aislaron en coche de medicación y coche de curación. Pseudomonas sp. Se aisló en mesa de comer de Cirugía General. El Staphylococcus aureus es resistente a la mayoría de antibióticos que usualmente se utiliza en el departamento de cirugía general del Hospital Regional de Ica. La Psudomona Sp. es resistente a antibióticos que usualmente se utiliza en el servicio de cirugía general, aunque es sensible a algunos antibióticos utilizados en este servicio. Conclusiones: Se encontraron gérmenes en superficies inanimadas que están en intimo contacto con pacientes del departamento de cirugía del Hospital Regional de Ica que pone en riesgo a contraer infecciones intrahospitalarias. El Staphylococcus aureus presenta mayor resistencia antibiótica que la Pseudomona Sp.
PROBLEM OF CIVIL PROTECTION OF AFGHAN VETERANS
Authors: Lebiedieva N.
Published: June 2019

Public control is one of the types of social control over the activities of public administration. It is carried out by the most effective associations of citizens who have common interests and designed to prevent the abuse of power. One of the most powerful and large public associations in Ukraine is the All-Ukrainian Union of Afghan Veterans, which unites a certain social layer - participants in Afghanistan military operations, disabled people of war. Very often the mentioned category of citizens faces a misunderstanding of officials. The purpose of the article is to consider the issue of civil protection of combatants in Afghanistan, which has become the reason for this year's protest action in Kyiv. It was concluded that a public association of veterans of Afghanistan is an effective form of public control and civil servants must immediately find a solution to the conflict that has occurred between government officials and veterans.
EMERGENCY PUBLIC NOTIFICATION BY THE STATE AUTHORITIES
Authors: Polozheshnyi V. , Kovalov O.
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the issue of developing the emergency notification system by the central executive authorities  at the national, regional, and local levels.
LEGAL FRAMEWORKS OF TACTIC ACTIONS CONSTABULARY IN THE CONDITIONS OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Authors: Sambor M. , Gudovych O. , Mazurenko V.
Published: June 2019

The article deals with problems in the sphere of management and action organization of The National Police, being  a  part of a specialized Civil Protection Service of enforcement of public order in emergency situations – that is realizations and providing of rescue and salvage operations, evacuation and etc.

The need for improvement of the legal and organizational mechanisms for the provision of effective performance of specialized  Enforcement of Public Order Services in case of emergencies according to the main tasks of the Service.
Factors Affecting the Intention of Millennial Workers in Indonesia to Leave
Authors: Komari Nurul , Sulistiowati Sulistiowati
Published: June 2019

Objective – This study examines the effect of mediating work pressure on the relationship between the quality of work life and the desire to leave of millennial employees.
Methodology/Technique – The highest portion of the workforce in Indonesia in 2016 is the millennial generation, which comprises around 62.5 million people. Millennials possess different attitudes, characteristics and skills than the Baby Boomer generation. Millennial employees are perceived to look for the value of work to improve the quality of work life rather than financial benefits. Organizations must understand the character of millennial employees to gain the best talents.
Findings – The findings of the study show that quality of work life has a negative and significant effect on work stress. Meanwhile, work stress has a positive and significant effect on intention to leave. Finally, the quality of work life has a negative and significant effect on intention to leave.
Research Limitations / Implications – This study concludes that work stress mediates the relationship between the quality of work life and intention to leave. This study concludes that quality of work life is very important for low work stress and reducing the intention to leave among millennial employees.
Novelty – These findings expand upon existing research related to the quality of work life, work stress and turnover intention and provides recommendations for organizations to retain millennial employees.
Type of Paper: Empirical.
Keywords: Millennial; Quality of Work Life; Work Stress; Intention to Leave.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Komari, N.; Sulistiowati. 2019. Factors Affecting the Intention of Millennial Workers in Indonesia to Leave, J. Bus. Econ. Review 4 (2): 83 – 89 https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2019.4.2(2)
JEL Classification: J60, J61, J69.
Cuerpos y Redes. Una lectura de las teorías de la discursividad y de la mediatización de E. Verón
Authors: Cingolani Gastón
Published: July 2019

Eliseo Verón entretejió a lo largo de su obra, una teoría de la producción social de sentido con una teoría de la mediatización. Dos nociones -en absoluto obvias o previ- sibles- han sido clave en esa textura: la de cuerpo y la de red. Su dispositivo teórico y ana- lítico acompañó y sustenta numerosas investigaciones desde hace décadas. Con motivo de las transformaciones contemporáneas de las mediatizaciones, es inevitable revisar su alcance y vigencia. Este trabajo propone un recorrido a partir de esas nociones, para converger en una hipótesis sobre la evolución de los dispositivos de mediatización, basada en una discusión inconclusa con el propio Verón.
VERON en el año 2000
Authors: Sluzki Carlos
Published: July 2019

En el año 1968 un equipo interdisciplinario coordinado por Eliseo Verón y que
incluía al autor de esta nota diseñó y produjo en Buenos Aires una exposición/experiencia
estética “El año 2000” en una prestigiosa galería de arte que generó a la vez datos demográficos y opiniones acerca del futuro en una amplia muestra de la población. Si bien
los datos recogidos (información demográfica y opiniones de unos 12,000 individuos)
acabaron perdiéndose en el tiempo y la política, este articulo detalla forma y proceso de
esa exposición.
Fluorine-containing substituents: metabolism of the α,α-difluoroethyl thioether motif
Authors: Rodil Andrea , Slawin Alexandra M Z , Al-Maharik Nawaf , Tomita Ren , O’Hagan David
Published: June 2019

We report the metabolism of the recently introduced α,α-difluoroethyl thioether motif to explore further its potential as a substituent for bioactives discovery chemistry. Incubation of two aryl–SCF2CH3 ethers with the model yeast organism Cunninghamella elegans, indicates that the sulfur of the thioether is rapidly converted to the corresponding sulfoxide, and then significantly more slowly to the sulfone. When the substrate was (p-OMe)PhSCF2CH3, then the resultant (demethylated) phenol sulfoxide had an enantiomeric excess of 60%, and when the substrate was the β-substituted-SCF2CH3 naphthalene, then the enantiomeric excess of the resultant sulfoxide was 54%. There was no evidence of defluorination, unlike the corresponding oxygen ether (p-OMe)PhOCF2CH3, which was converted to the (demethylated) phenol acetate ester during C. elegans incubation. We conclude that the aryl–S–CF2CH3 motif is metabolised in a similar manner to aryl–SCF3, a motif that is being widely explored in discovery chemistry. It is however, significantly less lipophilic than aryl-SCF3 which may offer a practical advantage in tuning overall pharmacokinetic profiles of molecules in development.
Synthesis of Complex Organic Molecules in Soft X-Ray Irradiated Ices
Authors: Ciaravella A. , Jiménez-Escobar A. , Cecchi-Pestellini C. , Huang C. H. , Sie N. E. , Caro G. M. Muñoz , Chen Y. J.
Published: June 2019

We study the chemical evolution of H2O:CO:NH3 ice mixtures irradiated with soft X-rays, in the range of 250–1250 eV. We identify many nitrogen-bearing molecules such as, e.g., OCN−,

, HNCO, CH3CN, HCONH2, and NH2COCONH2. Several infrared features are compatible with glycine or its isomers. During the irradiation, we detected through mass spectroscopy many species desorbing the ice. Such findings support the infrared identifications and reveal less abundant species without clear infrared features. Among them, m/z = 57 has been ascribed to methyl isocyanate (CH3NCO), a molecule of prebiotic relevance, recently detected in protostellar environments. During the warm-up after the irradiation, several infrared features including the 2168 cm−1 band of OCN−, the 1690 cm−1 band of formamide, and the 1590 cm−1 band associated with three different species, HCOO−, CH3NH2, and

survive up to room temperature. Interestingly, many high masses have also been detected. Possible candidates are methylformate, (m/z = 60, HCOOCH3), ethanediamide (m/z = 88, NH2COCONH2), and N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (m/z = 175). The latter species is compatible with the presence of the m/z = 43, 70, and 80 fragments. Photodesorption of organics is relevant for the detection of such species in the gas phase of cold environments, where organic synthesis in ice mantles should dominate. We estimate the gas-phase enrichment of some selected species in the light of a protoplanetary disk model around young solar-type stars.
The z = 0.54 LoBAL Quasar SDSS J085053.12+445122.5. II. The Nature of Partial Covering in the Broad-absorption-line Outflow
Authors: Leighly Karen M. , Terndrup Donald M. , Lucy Adrian B. , Choi Hyunseop , Gallagher Sarah C. , Richards Gordon T. , Dietrich Matthias , Raney Catie
Published: July 2019

It has been known for 20 years that the absorbing gas in broad-absorption-line quasars does not completely cover the continuum emission region, and that partial covering must be accounted for to accurately measure the column density of the outflowing gas. However, the nature of partial covering itself is not understood. Extrapolation of the SimBAL spectral synthesis model of the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph UV spectrum from SDSS J0850+4451 reported by Leighly et al. to nonsimultaneous rest-frame optical and near-infrared spectra reveals evidence that the covering fraction has wavelength dependence and is a factor of 2.5 times higher in the UV than in the optical and near-infrared bands. The difference in covering fraction can be explained if the outflow consists of clumps that are small and either structured or clustered relative to the projected size of the UV continuum emission region and have a more diffuse distribution on size scales comparable to the size of the near-infrared continuum emission region. The lower covering fraction over the larger physical area results in a reduction of the measured total column density by a factor of 1.4–1.5 compared with the UV-only solution. This experiment demonstrates that we can compare rest-frame UV and near-infrared absorption lines, specifically He i*λ10830, to place constraints on the uniformity of absorption gas in broad-absorption-line quasars.
Interstellar Neutral Gas Species and Their Pickup Ions inside the Heliospheric Termination Shock: The Large-scale Structures
Authors: Sokół Justyna M. , Kubiak Marzena A. , Bzowski Maciej
Published: June 2019

We study the distribution of the interstellar neutral (ISN) gas density and the pickup ion (PUI) density of hydrogen, helium, neon, and oxygen in the heliosphere for heliocentric distances from inside 1 au up to the solar wind termination shock (TS), both in and out of the ecliptic plane. We discuss similarities and differences in the large-scale structures of the ISN gas and PUIs formed in the heliosphere between various species. We discuss the distribution of ISN gas and PUI densities for two extreme phases of the solar activity cycle, it is the solar minimum and the solar maximum. We identify the location of the ISN gas density cavity of various species. We study the relative abundance ratios of Ne/O, H/He, Ne/He, and O/He for ISN gas and PUIs densities and their variation with location in the heliosphere. We also discuss the modulation of relative abundance ratios of ISN gas and PUIs along the TS. We conclude that the preferable locations for detection of He+ and Ne+ PUIs are in the downwind hemisphere within 1 au, whereas for H+ and O+ PUIs the preferable locations for detection are for distances from Jupiter to Pluto orbits.
A Study of the 20 day Superorbital Modulation in the High-mass X-Ray Binary IGR J16493-4348
Authors: Coley Joel B. , Corbet Robin H. D. , Fürst Felix , Huxtable Gregory , Krimm Hans A. , Pearlman Aaron B. , Pottschmidt Katja
Published: July 2019

We report on Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift) X-ray Telescope (XRT), and Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) observations of IGR J16493-4348, a wind-fed supergiant X-ray binary showing significant superorbital variability. From a discrete Fourier transform of the BAT light curve, we refine its superorbital period to be 20.058 ± 0.007 days. The BAT dynamic power spectrum and a fractional root mean square analysis both show strong variations in the amplitude of the superorbital modulation, but no observed changes in the period are found. The superorbital modulation is significantly weaker between MJD 55,700 and MJD 56,300. The joint NuSTAR and XRT observations, which were performed near the minimum and maximum of one cycle of the 20 day superorbital modulation, show that the flux increases by more than a factor of two between superorbital minimum and maximum. We find no significant changes in the 3–50 keV pulse profiles between superorbital minimum and maximum, which suggests a similar accretion regime. Modeling the pulse-phase-averaged spectra we find a possible Fe Kα emission line at 6.4 keV at superorbital maximum. This feature is not significant at superorbital minimum. While we do not observe any significant differences between the pulse-phase-averaged spectral continua apart from the overall flux change, we find that the hardness ratio near the broad main peak of the pulse profile increases from superorbital minimum to maximum. This suggests the spectral shape hardens with increasing luminosity. We discuss different mechanisms that might drive the observed superorbital modulation.
Extreme CO Isotopologue Line Ratios in ULIRGS: Evidence for a Top-heavy IMF
Authors: Brown Toby , Wilson Christine D.
Published: June 2019

We present high-resolution ALMA observations of the C18O, 13CO, and 12CO J = 1–0 isotopologues in three nearby ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGS; Arp 220, IRAS 13120-5453, and IRAS 17208-0014) and one nearby post-merger galaxy (NGC 2623). In all four systems, we measure high 12CO/C18O and 12CO/13CO integrated line ratios while the 13CO/C18O ratio is observed to be extremely low in comparison to typical star-forming disks, supporting previous work. We investigate whether these unusual line ratios are due to dynamical effects, astrochemistry within the gas, or nucleosynthesis in stars. Assuming both lines are optically thin, low 13CO/C18O values suggest that C18O is more abundant than 13CO in the interstellar medium of these systems. A plausible explanation is that local ULIRGs and their progeny have an excess in massive star formation; in other words, they are producing a top-heavy stellar initial mass function.
The Impact of Line Misidentification on Cosmological Constraints from Euclid and Other Spectroscopic Galaxy Surveys
Authors: Addison G. E. , Bennett C. L. , Jeong D. , Komatsu E. , Weiland J. L.
Published: June 2019

We perform forecasts for how baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale and redshift-space distortion (RSD) measurements from future spectroscopic emission line galaxy surveys such as Euclid are degraded in the presence of spectral line misidentification. Using analytic calculations verified with mock galaxy catalogs from lognormal simulations, we find that constraints are degraded in two ways, even when the interloper power spectrum is modeled correctly in the likelihood. First, there is a loss of signal-to-noise ratio for the power spectrum of the target galaxies, which propagates to all cosmological constraints and increases with contamination fraction, f

c
. Second, degeneracies can open up between f

c
and cosmological parameters. In our calculations, this typically increases BAO scale uncertainties at the 10%–20% level when marginalizing over parameters determining the broadband power spectrum shape. External constraints on f

c
or parameters determining the shape of the power spectrum, for example, from cosmic microwave background measurements, can remove this effect. There is a near-perfect degeneracy between f

c
and the power spectrum amplitude for low f

c
values, where f

c
is not well determined from the contaminated sample alone. This has the potential to strongly degrade RSD constraints. The degeneracy can be broken with an external constraint on f

c
, for example, from cross-correlation with a separate galaxy sample containing the misidentified line or deeper subsurveys.
Diffusive versus Free-streaming Cosmic-Ray Transport in Molecular Clouds
Authors: Silsbee Kedron , Ivlev Alexei V.
Published: June 2019

Understanding the cosmic-ray (CR) ionization rate is crucial in order to simulate the dynamics of molecular clouds, and interpret the chemical species observed in these objects. Calculating the CR ionization rate requires both accurate knowledge of the spectrum of MeV to GeV protons at the edge of the cloud as well as a model for the propagation of CRs into molecular clouds. Some models for the propagation of CRs in molecular clouds assume them to stream freely along magnetic field lines, while in others they propagate diffusively due to resonant scattering off of magnetic disturbances excited by MHD turbulence present in the medium. We discuss the conditions under which CR diffusion can operate in a molecular cloud, calculate the local CR spectrum and ionization rate in both a free-streaming and diffusive propagation model, and highlight the different results from the two models. We also apply these two models to the propagation through the ISM to obtain the proton spectrum seen by Voyager 1, and show that such a spectrum favors a diffusive propagation model.
Determining the Best Method of Calculating the Large Frequency Separation For Stellar Models
Authors: Viani Lucas S. , Basu Sarbani , Corsaro Enrico , Ball Warrick H. , Chaplin William J.
Published: July 2019

Asteroseismology of solar-like oscillators often relies on the comparisons between stellar models and stellar observations in order to determine the properties of stars. The values of the global seismic parameters, ν
max (the frequency where the smoothed amplitude of the oscillations peak) and Δν (the large frequency separation), are frequently used in grid-based modeling searches. However, the methods by which Δν is calculated from observed data and how Δν is calculated from stellar models are not the same. Typically for observed stars, especially for those with low signal-to-noise data, Δν is calculated by taking the power spectrum of a power spectrum, or with autocorrelation techniques. However, for stellar models, the actual individual mode frequencies are calculated and the average spacing between them directly determined. In this work we try to determine the best way to combine model frequencies in order to obtain Δν that can be compared with observations. For this we use stars with high signal-to-noise observations from Kepler as well as simulated Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data of Ball et al. We find that when determining Δν from individual mode frequencies the best method is to use the ℓ = 0 modes with either no weighting or with a Gaussian weighting around ν
max.
Polarization of Kilonova Emission from a Black Hole–Neutron Star Merger
Authors: Li 李 Yan 彦 , Shen 申 Rong-Feng 荣锋
Published: July 2019

A multi-messenger, black hole (BH)–neutron star (NS) merger event still remains to be detected. The tidal (dynamical) ejecta from such an event, thought to produce a kilonova, is concentrated in the equatorial plane and occupies only part of the whole azimuthal angle. In addition, recent simulations suggest that the outflow or wind from the post-merger remnant disk, presumably anisotropic, can be a major ejecta component responsible for a kilonova. For any ejecta whose photosphere shape deviates from the spherical symmetry, the electron scattering at the photosphere causes a net polarization in the kilonova light. Recent observational and theoretical polarization studies have been focused on the NS–NS merger kilonova AT2017gfo. We extend those works to the case of a BH–NS merger kilonova. We show that the degree of polarization at the first ∼1 hr can be up to ∼3% if a small amount (10−4
M
⊙) of free neutrons have survived in the fastest component of the dynamical ejecta, whose beta-decay causes a precursor in the kilonova light. The polarization degree can be ∼0.6% if free neutrons survived in the fastest component of the disk wind. Future polarization detection of a kilonova will constrain the morphology and composition of the dominant ejecta component, therefore helping to identify the nature of the merger.
Stellar Winds As a Mechanism to Tilt the Spin Axes of Sun-like Stars
Authors: Spalding Christopher
Published: June 2019

The rotation axis of the Sun is misaligned from the mean angular momentum plane of the solar system by about 6°. This obliquity significantly exceeds the ∼1°–2° distribution of inclinations among the planetary orbits and therefore requires a physical explanation. In concert, Sun-like stars are known to spin down by an order of magnitude throughout their lifetimes. This spindown is driven by the stellar wind, which carries angular momentum from the star. If the mean angular momentum axis of the stellar wind deviates from that of the stellar spin axis, it will lead to a component of the spindown torque that acts to tilt the star. Here, we show that solar-like tilts of 6° naturally arise during the first 10–100 Myr after planet formation as a result of stellar winds that deviate by about 10° from the star’s spin axis. These results apply to the idealized case of a dipole field, mildly inclined to the spin axis. Time-variability in the misalignment between the magnetic and spin poles is modeled as stochastic fluctuations, autocorrelated over timescales comparable to the primordial spindown time of several million years. In addition to wind direction, time-variability in mass-loss rate and magnetic topology over the stellar lifetime may alternatively generate obliquity. We hypothesize that the gaseous environments of young, open clusters may provide forcing over sufficient timescales to tilt the astrospheres of young stars, exciting modest obliquities. The more extreme, retrograde stellar obliquities of extrasolar planetary systems likely arise through separate mechanisms.
An An Unusually Large Fibroepithelial Polyp of Uterine Cervix: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Rexhepi Meral , Trajkovska Elizabeta , Koprivnjak Kazimir
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND: Fibroepithelial cervical polyps (FEPs) are benign growths protruding from the inner surface of the cervix. They are typically asymptomatic, but a very small minority can undergo malignant change. Giant cervical polyps with a size greater than 4 cm are rare entities with only 23 reported cases in the literature. Cervical polyps develop as a result of focal hyperplasia of the columnar epithelium of the endocervix.CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a giant fibroepithelial polyp measuring approximately 11 x 6 x 4 cm which was protruding from the anterior lip of the uterine cervix in a 51-year-old woman who clinically presented vaginal bleeding. She was nulligravida and doesn’t have a child. The speculum examination revealed a soft, mobile, painless irregular cerebriform mass on the cervix, protruding through the vagina. The polyp was excised using a scalpel, and the pedicle was sutured using the Vicryl 1-0 under short-term intravenous anaesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed a polypoidal tumour mass composed of cellular fibrovascular stroma covered with stratified squamous epithelium. Three months after the initial surgery, there was no recurrence seen.CONCLUSION: Cervical giant polyps are rare entities and occur mostly in perimenopausal women. Transvaginal polypectomy, as performed for this patient followed by histopathological examination is an adequate procedure for these lesions.
Geosesarma mirum, a new species of semi-terrestrial sesarmid crab (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from central Taiwan
Authors: Shy Jhy-Yun , Ng Peter K.L.
Published: July 2019

A new species of semi-terrestrial sesarmid crab of the genus Geosesarma De Man, 1892, is described from central Taiwan. Geosesarmamirumsp. nov. is distinct in possessing a strong transverse crest on the inner surface of the male chela and a diagnostic male first gonopod which is relatively long and stout, with the distal chitinous part broad and spatuliform. Like most Geosesarma species, G.mirumsp. nov. has large eggs and direct development, contrasting with the only other species known from Taiwan, G.hednon Ng, Liu and Schubart, 2004, which has small eggs and planktotrophic larvae.
Toward Defining Primary and Secondary Nonresponse in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Anti-TNF: Results from the BioTRAC and OBRI Registries
Authors: Keystone Edward C. , Rampakakis Emmanouil , Movahedi Mohammad , Cesta Angela , Stutz Melissa , Sampalis John S. , Nantel Francois , Maslova Karina , Bombardier Claire
Published: July 2019

Objective.

Although most patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) respond to anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment, some present with initial nonresponse (1ry nonresponse) or lose initial responsiveness (2ry nonresponse). We compared the rate of real-world “nonresponse” to first anti-TNF as reported by treating physicians to the nonresponse rate per accepted definitions and recommended treat-to-target strategies.

Methods.

Patients were included from the Biologic Treatment Registry Across Canada (BioTRAC) and Ontario Best Practices Research Initiative (OBRI) registries who were taking their first anti-TNF, with ≥ 1 followup visit. Posthoc reclassification of physician-reported nonresponse was based on prior achievement of 28-joint count Disease Activity Score based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) low disease activity (LDA), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) LDA, or good/moderate European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response, and actual time of physician-reported nonresponse.

Results.

Among 736 BioTRAC and 640 OBRI patients, 13.7% and 18%, respectively, discontinued their anti-TNF because of physician-reported nonresponse. Based on reclassification using disease activity, 65.6% (BioTRAC) and 87.2% (OBRI) of 1ry nonresponders did not achieve DAS28-ESR LDA, 65.6%/90.7% CDAI LDA, and 46.9%/61.5% good/moderate EULAR response. Among 2ry nonresponders, 50.7%/47.8% did not achieve DAS28-ESR LDA, 37.7%/52.9% CDAI LDA, and 15.9%/19.6% good/moderate EULAR response before treatment discontinuation. Regarding actual time of nonresponse, 18.8% of BioTRAC and 60.8% of OBRI 1ry nonresponders discontinued at ≤ 6 months. In both registries, a high proportion of 2ry nonresponders discontinued their anti-TNF after 12 months (87.0% BioTRAC, 60.9% OBRI).

Conclusion.

Physician-reported 1ry nonresponse was more correlated with non-achievement of DAS28-ESR LDA or CDAI LDA, whereas 2ry nonresponse with actual time of discontinuation. Further work is needed to confirm the importance of response and type of response to the initial anti-TNF in identifying patients most likely to benefit from a second biologic agent treatment.
The Longitudinal Course of Fatigue in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–associated Vasculitis
Authors: O’Malley Lucy , Druce Katie L. , Chanouzas Dimitrios , Morgan Matthew D. , Jones Rachel , Jayne David R.W. , Basu Neil , Harper Lorraine
Published: July 2019

Objective.

Fatigue is common and burdensome in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV). This study aimed to understand how fatigue changes over time following treatment initiation and to determine whether individuals with the poorest prognosis can be robustly identified.

Methods.

One hundred forty-nine patients with AAV and new-onset disease recruited to 2 clinical trials (RITUXVAS and MYCYC) were followed for 18 months. Fatigue was measured at baseline and 6-month intervals using the vitality domain of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 quality of life questionnaire and compared to a cohort of 470 controls. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) determined trajectories of the symptom to which baseline characteristics and ongoing fatigue scores were compared.

Results.

Fatigue levels at diagnosis were worse in patients than controls [median (interquartile range; IQR) 30 (10–48) vs 70 (55–80); p < 0.001], with 46% of patients reporting severe fatigue. Fatigue improved after 6 months of treatment but remained worse than in controls (p < 0.001). GBTM revealed varied trajectories of fatigue: low fatigue stable (n = 23), moderate baseline fatigue improvers (n = 29), high baseline fatigue improvers (n = 61), and stable baseline high fatigue (n = 37). Participants who followed stable high fatigue trajectories had lower vasculitis activity compared to improvers, but no other demographic or clinical variables differed.

Conclusion.

This study longitudinally measured fatigue levels in patients with AAV. Although most patients improved following treatment, an important subgroup of patients reported persistently high levels of fatigue that did not change. Few clinical or laboratory markers distinguished these patients, suggesting alternative interventions specific for fatigue are required. [clinicaltrialsregister.eu, RITUXVAS EudraCT number: 2005-003610-15; MYCYC EudraCT number: 2006-001663-33]
Transgendérisme et transformation. Essai de compréhension jungienne
Authors: Marsman Michael A. , Lacour Laurence
Published: June 2019

Alors que le transgendérisme comme phénomène culturel semble fondé sur un appétit collectif pour le sensationnel, son émergence représente un tournant collectif vers une façon nouvelle, ou plus différenciée, d’expérimenter et d’exprimer le sexe et le genre, un mouvement de l’âme du monde. Cet article tente d’explorer cette émergence dans une perspective jungienne. Il présente des exemples cliniques illustrant comment des aspects dissociés de la personnalité cherchent à s’assimiler et à s’exprimer en vue de la faire évoluer vers une plus grande entièreté. Il tente ainsi de comprendre la téléologie du transgendérisme, tant au niveau individuel que collectif. L’article entend constituer un point de départ pour la discussion, il explore la question du genre comme fantasme, la dynamique anima/animus, la relation psyché/soma, le rôle des hormones et de la biochimie dans l’expérience que nous faisons de nous-mêmes, et ce que les personnes transgenres portent et endurent au nom de, et pour notre culture.
La voix de la femme. À la recherche d’une voix perdue
Authors: Aydemir Maria , Łokaj Maria , Kazakova Anna
Published: June 2019

Cet article a pour but de poursuivre et de développer la discussion entamée l’été dernier en Avignon, lors du 4ème Congrès européen de psychologie analytique. La conférence plénière intitulée « Si le maître était une femme », préparée par un groupe de huit analystes de quatre pays, membres de Communauté des Analystes Jungiens d’Europe Centrale et Orientale ( ECECJA ), posait la question de savoir comment les femmes peuvent jouer un rôle d’autorité publique. Dans cet article, les auteures soulèvent la question de la considération sociale des femmes dans leurs sociétés contemporaines, compte tenu du leadership professionnel, artistique et politique qu’elles exercent, de fait, dans leurs communautés respectives. Les auteures mettent en lumière les « plafonds de verre » et les « territoires interdits » qui existent encore. Elles se réfèrent à la fois à leurs expériences cliniques et aux situations extérieures au cabinet de consultation. Explorant l’approche jungienne, les théories psychanalytiques modernes et les racines culturelles, les auteures se sont tournées vers l’avenir à la recherche d’une voix féminine authentique qui puisse résonner à sa juste puissance dans l’espace public.
Le transport maritime depuis 1945 : facteur clé de la mondialisation
Authors: Frémont Antoine
Published: June 2019

Depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le transport maritime a été l’un des facteurs clés de la mondialisation. Il a permis concrètement l’accroissement du commerce international et contribué ainsi à la mise en interconnexion généralisée du monde. Mais le transport maritime a aussi contribué à remodeler l’espace productif mondial. Le déploiement à l’échelle internationale des chaînes de valeur est rendu physiquement possible : concevoir un produit dans un centre de R&D d’un pays riche, produire ses composants là où les compétences et le savoir-faire industriel existent, l’assembler dans un pays où le coût de la main-d’œuvre est faible, le distribuer dans les pays où les consommateurs disposent d’un pouvoir d’achat. Pour y parvenir, l’industrie du transport maritime en tant que secteur d’activité économique, avec ses règles spécifiques de fonctionnement et ses propres acteurs, se transforme profondément. Les réseaux maritimes eux-mêmes se mondialisent. Pour résumer l’hypothèse simplement, sans transport maritime et sans conteneurisation, pas de mondialisation. Dans une première partie, l’article montre comment le transport maritime a gagné en efficacité et productivité depuis la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, ce qui permet un accroissement des échanges globaux. Le rôle particulier de la conteneurisation est souligné. Puis la transformation de l’espace productif mondial par le transport maritime est mise en évidence avec le phénomène des zones industrialo-portuaires aujourd’hui en concurrence à l’échelle mondiale et la mondialisation de l’espace maritime par la conteneurisation. Se pose alors la question de la régulation d’un secteur international, très concurrentiel et bénéficiant de la liberté des mers, aux impacts économiques, sociaux et environnementaux considérables.
Une histoire des relations finance-industrie aux États-Unis : origines et remèdes à la financiarisation des entreprises
Authors: Auvray Tristan , Dallery Thomas
Published: June 2019

Cet article relit l’histoire des relations entre la finance et l’industrie aux États-Unis proposée par Hyman Minsky en la recentrant sur l’actionnariat afin de comprendre l’influence actuelle qu’exercent les propriétaires de titres sur les entreprises. Nous examinons l’évolution des deux institutions qui permettent aux actionnaires de peser sur la gouvernance des firmes : la liquidité du marché et le pouvoir de vote associé à la concentration des actions. Nous soulignons que, malgré le processus de dispersion de l’actionnariat, une concentration a toujours existé. C’est donc l’existence d’une contrainte sur la liquidité qui a permis aux managers de préserver pour un temps une autonomie conquise au cours du XX e siècle. Nous avançons l’hypothèse que cette contrainte repose sur les contrôles de capitaux internes et externes aux États-Unis.
Offshoring, outsourcing and global production networks in historical context
Authors: Koistinen David , Lipartito Kenneth
Published: June 2019

La délocalisation des fabrications implique la production dans des sites à l’étranger de biens à vendre sur le marché intérieur. Elle diffère donc à la fois du commerce extérieur et de l’investissement direct à l’étranger. Elle s’est développée dans les années 1950 et 1960, même si ses origines remontent aux plantations européennes outremer et aux avant-postes commerciaux des débuts des temps modernes. Dans le passé la production à l’étranger impliquait la mobilité de la main-d’œuvre comme du capital. Au XX e siècle la mobilité ouvrière décline, ce qui crée des incitations pour le capital à trouver du personnel dans des pays à bas salaires. Nous étudions spécifiquement l’émergence des délocalisations dans le secteur crucial de l’électronique au cours des années 1960, en particulier en Asie orientale. Puis nous examinons l’essor dans les décennies ultérieures d’un système plus complexe de « production globale » dans lequel des firmes répartissent le processus de fabrication entre de multiples pays. Les délocalisations ont contribué à la croissance économique et à la diversification dans les zones accueillant les nouvelles installations productives, tout en provoquant des destructions d’emplois et des déséquilibres sociaux dans les pays développés où la production a décliné. Les délocalisations ont ainsi détérioré la compétitivité des pays développés. C’est ce que montre dans les années 1980 la montée à Taiwan – et non aux États-Unis – d’un système innovant de production de semi-conducteurs. Cette percée a été rendue possible par le fait que Taiwan avait commencé par avoir le rôle de pays d’accueil de délocalisation du montage des semi-conducteurs.
Longevity and corporate ecosystems: how did IBM exist for over a century?
Authors: Cortada James W.
Published: June 2019

Comment des firmes ont pu durer pendant des décennies constitue un sujet de controverses. Cet article étudie les circonstances qui ont permis à IBM d’exister pendant plus d’un siècle. Il suggère qu’une culture d’entreprise mise en place très tôt dans la vie de la firme a conduit à des comportements rendant possible cette longévité : un flux continu de nouveaux produits, un développement de produits et des initiatives marketing s’appuyant sur les effets d’échelle et d’envergure, ainsi que sur la distribution ; et enfin des pratiques en matière de personnel qui renforcent ces comportements. Il explore les intentions stratégiques d’IBM à long terme et la manière dont ses employés appréhendent leur travail comme des éléments cruciaux pour comprendre cette longévité.
Transaction costs in the international trade of port wine
Authors: da Silva Lopes Teresa
Published: June 2019

Ce qui rend unique l’industrie du porto, ce sont ses firmes qui ont survécu pendant plusieurs siècles et sont nées mondiales, pratiquant exclusivement des activités internationales dès leur apparition. Cet article offre un survol des stratégies d’internationalisation de toutes les firmes qui ont participé au commerce international du porto durant le second XX e siècle et explique à la fois les grands défis auxquelles elles ont eu à faire face et les stratégies qu’elles ont mises en œuvre. Dans d’autres secteurs, comme le whisky et le champagne, certaines firmes ont été à même, durant cette période, de passer de l’exportation à l’investissement étranger direct en créant ou acquérant des unités de production et des canaux de distribution à l’étranger. Les entreprises de porto, au contraire, ont pratiqué l’intégration horizontale, fusionnant avec ou rachetant d’autres maisons de porto. La concentration industrielle qui en a résulté a été la réponse la plus efficace à l’accroissement des coûts de transaction dans les affaires internationales qui s’est développé dans l’industrie mondiale des boissons alcooliques.
Introduction. Le déploiement des ordres religieux dans l'espace urbain au temps de la Réforme catholique
Authors: Suire Éric
Published: June 2019

À partir du xvi e  siècle, les ordres religieux s’implantent surtout en territoire urbain et les missions confiées à leurs membres se déploient à l’intérieur de ses murailles, en répondant aux besoins d’une société urbaine soumise à des mutations. L’espace de la ville et de sa banlieue est également perçu par les religieux comme un lieu privilégié pour leurs investissements fonciers. Le dossier présenté vise à mieux cerner, à travers des exemples nationaux et locaux, la diversité des interactions entre les couvents et les villes françaises à l’époque des changements urbains de l’époque moderne. Les milieux conventuels furent-ils un frein ou un élément dynamique de la transformation urbaine à la fin de l’Ancien Régime ?
L’emprise urbaine des communautés religieuses. Une problématique de longue durée
Authors: Perluss Preston
Published: June 2019

La présence pluriséculaire des communautés religieuses en ville reste ancrée dans la toponymie urbaine. Quelle influence les couvents exercèrent-ils sur les villes qui les jouxtaient et, à terme, finirent par les entourer ? Cette étude présente d’abord la situation des communautés régulières dans plusieurs villes européennes. Elle examine ensuite le poids des revenus fonciers urbains dans les revenus des communautés parisiennes, avant de décrire, en dernier lieu, les parcs locatifs que ces établissements détenaient à la fin de l’Ancien Régime.
Importance des traits de personnalité dans la détermination de l’offre imaginée
Authors: Kouas Ben Aoun Imen , Akrout Fathi
Published: June 2019

La présente recherche se focalise sur l’étude des traits de personnalité en tant que déterminant de l’offre imaginée. Une recherche quantitative est menée auprès de 665 consommateurs Tunisiens ayant acheté des produits durables. Les résultats ont montré que le perfectionnisme, l’optimisme et la susceptibilité à l’influence interpersonnelle peuvent agir sur la formation de l’offre imaginée.
Être retraité au Sénégal : le temps des incertitudes
Authors: Niyonsaba Emmanuel
Published: June 2019

Notre article aborde les expériences du vieillissement des personnes âgées chefs de ménage au Sénégal, dans un contexte de faibles ressources pour assurer les responsabilités familiales. Plus particulièrement, le passage à la retraite fragilise une organisation familiale dans laquelle un chef de famille qui perçoit un salaire est conduit à prendre à sa charge une multitude de personnes (coépouses, enfants mineurs, enfants majeurs sans emploi, éventuellement mariés, petits-enfants et autres enfants confiés, cousins, etc.). Dans ce cadre, le caractère « symbolique » de la pension pèse moins sur la capacité de la personne âgée à répondre à ses propres besoins que sur sa capacité à répondre aux besoins de la famille élargie. L’analyse des entretiens menés dans les agglomérations de Dakar et de Saint-Louis montre une convergence dans la gestion de l’économie domestique et révèle surtout que les pensionnés ne sont pas exempts d’une vulnérabilité économique et de stratégies de « survie ». Ces expériences s’accompagnent de multiples épreuves mêlant prises de risque, privations individuelles et fort sentiment du poids des responsabilités. Ainsi, entre la grande majorité des personnes âgées qui ne reçoivent rien et les retraités qui reçoivent peu, le chemin pour sécuriser cette période de vie est encore long au Sénégal.
Misijonsko poslanstvo Cerkve v dialogu z nekrščanskimi verstvi
Authors: Avsenik Nabergoj Irena
Published: July 2019

Članek daje kratek pregled mejnikov, ki so spodbudili nove pristope v misijonski dejavnosti Cerkve skozi zgodovino. Poglavitni namen je ugotoviti, kako se je Drugi vatikanski koncil odzval na proces globalizacije po drugi svetovni vojni, kakšno je bilo njegovo razumevanje inkulturacije in kakšno iskanje novih poti evangelizacije v misijonski dejavnosti Cerkve. Metodološko načelo je primerjalna analiza dokumentov o utemeljevanju, cilju in načinu izvajanja misijona v duhu dialoga, ki omogoča prepoznavanje dobrih vsebin nekrščanskih verstev. Članek vključuje tudi novejši teološki diskurz o novih izzivih v pristopih k misijonu.
Transnational Families and Migrant Masculinities: The Social Institution of Male Adulthood and Family Reunification in the Bangladeshi Diaspora in Italy
Authors: Della Puppa Francesco
Published: July 2019

This article is the result of a broader research project aimed at analysing the social construction of masculinity of Bangladeshi migrants to Italy. Specifically, the article focuses on the family reunification experience of Bangladeshi migrant men with their wives. Firstly, using some Bourdieusian perspectives, the article analyses the meanings of family reunification for migrants, how it constitutes a fundamental act of the institution of adult masculinity. Secondly, it investigates the meaning of this experience for the migrants’ fathers and fathers-in-law in Bangladesh and how it can shape their masculinity according to their embedded habitus and social class position.
»Maribor ob morju«: Zveza komunistov Slovenije in vprašanje poselitve Koprskega okraja v letih 1945–1965
Authors: Centrih Lev
Published: July 2019

Avtor v članku obravnava poseljevanje Koprskega okraja po drugi svetovni vojni. V prvih povojnih letih so se na Koprsko iz notranjosti Slovenije večinoma priseljevali strokovni in politični kadri, v poznejšem obdobju pa so se priseljenci zaposlovali kot industrijski delavci. Po avtorjevi hipotezi so komunistične oblasti načrtno spodbujale priseljevanje samo v prvem obdobju, pozneje pa so ti procesi potekali precej bolj spontano.
Zavajajoči podatki na seznamih ladijskih potnikov kot posledica restriktivne ameriške migracijske zakonodaje
Authors: Kulihova Lucija
Published: July 2019

Avtorica se v članku ukvarja z ameriškimi potniškimi in migracijskimi zakoni iz let 1893, 1903 in 1907, katerih namen je bil upravljanje priseljevanja v ZDA. Prizadevanja za omejevanje priseljevanja predstavlja na podlagi kriterijev o koristnosti oziroma potencialni nevarnosti priseljencev. Pokaže, da podatki, navedeni na seznamih ladijskih potnikov, niso bili vedno verodostojni, želja tako izseljencev kot ladijskih družb po vstopu v ZDA je bila namreč močnejša od strahu pred zavrnitvijo.
Khaled A. Beydoun, American Islamophobia: Understanding the Roots and Rise of Fear Oakland, California, University California Press, 2018
Authors: Tolesh Gaziza
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this book, according to the author, is to provide general readers, students, and activists with a comprehensible introduction to Islamophobia. With this publication, Beydoun attempts to shed light on the phenomenon which has an international cluster of terms and phrases that include “anti-Muslim prejudice”, “anti-Muslim bigotry”, “intolerance against Muslims”, “demonization of Islam”, and “Muslimophobia”. As a Muslim American law professor and a civil right activist, the writer hopes to give his readers a different perspective on Islamophobia. He bases his speculations on the chronological explanations of attitudes of American people due to certain events; discusses various court cases on granting American citizenship to Muslims; and discusses newspaper and TV news headlines as well as his own life experience. Last but not least, the author attempts to connect the old system of intolerance against Muslims to current policies and rival ideologies.