bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISA PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS RESIN ABC MENGGUNAKAN SIX SIGMA DI PT. PARDIC JAYA CHEMICALS
Authors: Widodo Tri Candra
Published: December 2020

Perkembangan teknologi di dunia bisnis dan perdagangan membuat persaingan menjadi ketat dan tajam. Dalam usahanya untuk memenuhi  kepuasan konsumen  yang makin tinggi, maka perusahaan harus dapat menentukan faktor kualitas yang diminta oleh konsumen, selain faktor harga, design, dan faktor lainnya.Salah satu metode yang dapat dilakukan perusahaan untuk selalu meningkatkan kualitas produksi adalah dengan menggunakan metode Six Sigma. Six Sigma merupakan pengendalian kualitas yang targetnya yaitu 3,4 DPMO atau  3,4 cacat per sejuta kesempatan. Dengan adanya target six sigma yang 3,4 DPMO maka dapat dikatakan realitas untuk dapat dicapai dari pengendalian kualitas yang berdasar pada zero defect. Pengendalian kualitas yang dipakai dalam penelitian  ini menggunakan pendekatan six sigmadengan metodologi DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control), yang dilakukan di tiap proses produksi tetapi sebelum melaksanakan pengendalian kualitas dengan metode sixsigmaperlu adanya rencana agar pelaksanaan  six sigma dapat sukses diterapkan.Pengendalian kualitas dibutuhkan PT. Pardic Jaya Chemicals untuk tetap menjaga proses produksi menjadi aliran proses yang kuat dan handal sehingga  pencapaian level sigma sebesar 3,46 dan DPMO sebesar 25514,4 dapat lebih ditingkatkan serta tidak ada lagi hasil produksi yang cacat atau dengan kata lain tidak ada lagi kerugian bagi perusahaan karena produk cacat.Kata kunci       :Teknologi, Six Sigma, DPMO,zero defect, DMAIC(Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control)
ANALISA BEBAN DINAMIK PADA GEDUNG BERTINGKAT SEDERHANA DAN TINGGI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH TANGERANG
Authors: Saiful Haq Almufid Dan
Published: December 2020

Dalam Analisis struktur beban Dinamik merupakan hal yang sangat menentukan dalam tahap merencanakan suatubangunan. Untuk itu pemodelan matematis pada analisis struktur harus mencerminkan kondisi sebenarnya, baik dalam konfigurasi struktur serta pembebanan. Karena hampir seluruh wilayah Indonesia termasuk wilayah rawan gempa maka merupakan tantangan bagi perencanan teknik sipil untuk dapat mendesain bangunan yang tahan gempa.Indonesia sudah banyak mengalami bencana gempa yang luarbiasa,Penulisan journal ini dimaksudkan untuk dapat mengetahui perbandingan beban dinamik dan respons struktur pada bangunan bertingkat yang berdiri diatas tanah lunak, terletakdi Jakarta apabila dikenakan beban lateral gempa, Analisa dilakukan dengan bantuan program, untuk mendapatkan gaya-gaya Dalam seperti : gaya geserdasar, gaya lateral tingkat, momen guling dan simpangan lateral.Analisis dinamik dilakukan dengan metode respon sespectrum analysis, pemodelan massa dilakukan denganmodel lumpmass, penjumlahan respon ragam ditinjau dengan beberapa kombinasi, seperti :CQC,SRSS dan ABSSUM KataKunci :bangunan bertingkat, respons espectrum analysis, beban dinamik,, penggunaan metode CQC, SRSS, ABSSUM.
PERANCANGAN KONTROL OTOMATIS MESIN MIXER PENGADUK BAHAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN
Authors: Lis Handoko Sumardi Sadi, Dan
Published: December 2020

Dalam tugas akhir ini penulis merancang danmembuatsistem kontrolanalogdigitalpadamesinmixerpengadukbahanpadaperusahaanmakanandanminuman.Sistemkontrolyangdibuatberfungsiuntukmenggerakanmotorlistriktigaphasadenganmenggunakantimerdigital,sistemdaritimertersebutsebagaiforwarddanreversemotordenganperhitunganwaktuyangsudahditentukansesuaidengankarakteristikbahanyangdiadukdandicampursecaraotomatisagarmendapatkanhasildaripencampuranbahanyanghomogenataumerata,adapunputarandarimixeryangsudahditentukan14putarankanan14putarankiriapabiladikonversidenganwaktuwaktu7,5menitputarkanan7,5menitputarkirisesuai denganstandar yang sudahditentukankarena bahan yang dicampurdalamsatumesinmixerterdiridaribeberapaformulasisehinggaprosesharusbenardansesuaidenganwaktuputarandarimesinmixer,apabilapencampurantidakmerataakanmempengaruhikualitasrasadariproduktersebut.Selainmenggunakantimersistemkontrolanalogdigitalyangdibuatjugadilengkapidengancounteryangberfungsisebagaipenghitungmesinmixerdalam sekali proses,adapu fungsi daricounter tersebutadalahuntukmenghitungwaktukerjamesinsehinggadengandatayangditampilkanpadacountersebagaiacuandalammelakukanmaintenanceservicepadamesinmixer,darisisteminijugaditambahkandenganmenggunakanproximitysensor yangberfungsisebagaisaklarpenggeraksesaatpadasaatmesinmixerselesaiproses,agarpadasaatoperatormesinakanmenuangproduksetelahselesaiprosesakanmudahdanwaktukerjaakanlebihefisien, tidak lupa jugadalam kontrolini disusunSOPnya. KataKunci:Panel,SistemKontrolAnalogDigital
Reviving the Institution of ‘Science’ in Islamic Civilization after Mongol Invasion: The Case of Tabriz Rabe Rashidi University
Authors: Amin Mozaffari Farough , Yazdi-Amirkhiz Seyed Yasin , Rahimi Zakaria
Published: December 2020

The Mongol invasion caused great devastation and significant social change in the eastern parts of the Islamic world, where scientific organizations did consequently suffer irreparable damage. Using ahistorical-comparative method, the present paper purported to study the model of reconstruction of scientific organizations in post-Mongol invasion era in Iran with emphasis on Rabe Rashidi University of Tabriz. Given that the institution of 'science' for flourishing and sustaining the continuum of progress requires the constant presence of a conducive social and political context as well as economic foundations and institutionalized knowledge-oriented values in society, after the Mongol invasion and positioning of Tabriz as a political center and capital city, Rashid al-Din Fazlullah Hamadani in the capacity of Ilkhanid chancellor expended a great deal of effort to contribute to the development and management of each of the afore-mentioned elements. He aptly combined and augmented the efficacy of the then available 'raw materials' via molding them into an educational organization and reframed the dispersed and informal endowments into a formal academic organization to be utilized by the educational departments and all those involved in Rabe Rashidi. Preparing a conducive educational environment, delineating organizational goals, organizing the space and time of the training groups, developing educational curricula, planning for the methods and quality of teaching, managing classes, and assigning students into cohorts according to their talents and interests were some of the management skills of Rashid al-Din, just to name some. The accomplishments of Rabe Rashidi University in acquiring Chinese and Mongolian sciences and integrating them into the legacy of Islamic sciences besides its special relationship with Byzantium had made Rabe Rashidi one of the channels for the transfer of Islamic knowledge to Europe.
The effects of taurine on central nervous system
Authors: Yarım Gül , Gökçeoğlu Ayris , Yarım Murat
Published: December 2020

Taurine is a neuroprotective amino acid which regulates gene expression of neural stem and precursor cells, modulating inflammatory pathways in the central nervous system, suppressing apoptosis, antioxidant effect and controlling cell volume and water content of neurons. Taurine suppresses endoplasmic stress-mediated apoptosis through the ionotropic taurine receptor and the metabotropic taurine receptor. Due to its neuroprotective effect, taurine is successfully used in the prophylaxis and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to present current scientific information of the effects of taurine on the central nervous system and its use in alleviating central nervous system disorders.
Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki Pet Kliniklerinde Kullanılan Beşerî Müstahzarların Kullanım Durumunun Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Kahyaoğlu Nida , Temamoğulları Füsun
Published: December 2020

Son dönemlerde sosyo-kültürel yaşamdaki ilerleme ve gelişme ile evcil hayvan besleme oranlarında da artış söz konusudur. Dolayısıyla pet hayvanlar için özel faaliyet gösteren kliniklerin sayısı da artmaktadır. Hastalıkların tedavisinde ise küçük hayvanlar için mevcut olan Veteriner müstahzarlar yetersiz gelmektedir. Bundan dolayı Veteriner Hekimler beşeri ilaçları kullanmak zorunda kalmaktadırlar. Yapılan araştırmada Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ni temsil edecek olan (Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep, Diyarbakır, Mardin) illerdeki toplam 42 pet klinisyen Veteriner Hekime anket uygulanmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre Veteriner Hekimlerin %45,2’si Veteriner müstahzarların yetersiz, %50’si kısmen yetersiz, %4,8’i ise yeterli olduğunu düşünmektedir. %31,7’nin beşeri ilaçları kolay temin edebildiği, %13,3’ün daha güvenli bulduğu, %21,7’nin istenen farmasötik formda bulabildiği ve %3,3’ün ise daha ucuz olduğu için beşeri ilaçları tercih ettiği tespit edilmiştir. %30’luk kısım ise Veteriner müstahzarı olmadığı için beşeri ilaç tercih ettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Anket verilerine göre anlaşılmaktadır ki genel düşünce Veteriner müstahzarların eksik olduğu yönündedir. Ancak, bazı Veteriner Hekimlerin alışkanlıkları veya bilgi eksiklikleri nedeniyle beşeri müstahzarları tercih ettikleri de gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, çalışma yapılan bölgede küçük hayvanlar için yeterli farmakolojik çeşitlilikte ilaçların bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Halkın pet hayvanlara ilgisinin ve kliniklere başvurulan hasta sayısının daha da artacağı öngörülmektedir. Bundan dolayı Veteriner müstahzar eksikliklerinin giderilmesi ve Veteriner Hekimlerin her hayvan türüne özgü ilaç kullanmaları yönünde bilinçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Submersible Screw Pumps In Oil Industry
Authors: Al-Obaidi Sudad H
Published: December 2020

The process of extracting oil and gas resources, processing them and delivering them to the final target represents a vital process in oil industry. It depends on many factors among which a set of pumps and associated equipment. In this study, an analysis of oil well production extracted from the earth's interior to the surface is performed. Oil pumps used for lifting oil products from wells are investigated. The advantages of an oil two-rotor submersible pump over centrifugal and sucker rod pumps are noted.
Birth Order and Divergent Thinking: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alabbasi Ahmed M. Abdulla , Tadik Harun , Acar Selcuk , Runco Mark
Published: December 2020

This meta-analysis examined the association of birth order on divergent thinking (DT). The main purpose was to reveal how ordinal position (only, first, middle, or last-born) relates to creativity. The results of 27 studies (k = 222) were analyzed using a multilevel approach. Since some previous studies compared first- vs. later-born children whereas others compared different ordinal positions in DT, three datasets were analyzed: (a) first-born vs. later-born children, (b) only children vs. children with siblings, and (c) middle-born vs. later-born children. Results showed that first-borns had higher DT scores than later-born children (g = -0.165, 95% CI [-0.012, -0.318], p = .046). Moderator analysis showed a significant interaction between gender and task modality with later-born males scoring lower on figural DT than first-born males. No significant difference was found between only children and first-born children with siblings. Moreover, the results showed a non-significant difference between middle- and later-born children; however, moderator analysis indicated that gender and age significantly explained some variability in the mean effect. Limitations and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
What are the reasons to choose Laravel MVC for web development
Authors: Rajput Sambhav
Published: December 2020

In the current market, there is a wide range of interesting technological solutions. So, it is recommended to properly research, identify and implement the solution which most suited to the information system strategy. In contemporary years due to the brisk development of internet technology, online business is gradually rampant. Website users are very demanding as all the time they expect the web services to be quickly and easily accessible from different places around the world, whenever they need it. Website users always need very rapid and quick responses. Website development is a process that takes time and takes more time if the development language is simple, which is not consistent with this quick and evolving world of technology. So that's why frameworks are developed to overcome these problems related to web development and to create websites very conveniently.
Future Robotics Design Enhances the Open-Mindedness and Problem Finding of Gifted Female Students
Authors: Ayoub ALaa Eldin A. , Alabbasi Ahmed M. Abdulla , Runco Mark , Acar Selcuk
Published: December 2020

This article investigated the impact of a robotic-based enrichment program on problem finding (PF) and active-openminded thinking skills (AOT) in 60 gifted female students. The participants were randomly selected from several cohorts of gifted students who participated in an enrichment summer program. The study instruments included the Problem Generation test and the AOT scale, which were administered to the participants at the beginning and at the end of the program. The change in the measured program outcomes after attending the robotics intervention program was assessed by regressing post-test scores on pre-test scores. The results revealed differences for the three subscales of AOT as well as the total score in favour of post-test condition. As for PF, fluency scores showed no significant differences between pre-test and post-test, while originality scores were significantly higher for the post-test scores.
Winning and Losing Democratic Elections: Effects on Political and Social Attitudes and Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Toshkov Dimiter , Mazepus Honorata
Published: December 2020

In democracies, losing free and fair elections is a normal part of politics, and the consent of losers is needed for the survival of democratic government itself. But being on the losing side of the electoral contest can trigger important changes in the political and social attitudes, and even in the life outlook and subjective well-being of citizens. Based on individual-level survey data from 25 European countries and two time periods (2012 and 2018), we show that there is a significant gap between people who have voted for the parties in government and the losers of democratic elections when it comes to a wide set of political attitudes, including political trust, perceived efficacy and importance of government responsiveness and perceptions about how politics and government work. We also find that the gap between winners and losers extends to social trust, country attachment, feeling happy, healthy, safe, and optimistic, life satisfaction and perceived place in society. Most of these effects are greater in new democracies and for citizens with strong partisan attachments, some are bigger for men, and many are mediated by satisfaction with the government. Losing elections is hard for politics, but it could also be hard for the soul.
Penyempurnaan Kinerja Perusahaan atas Teori Kontingensi dan Efek Mediasi
Authors: Perdanasari Puteri Riztin
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari studi ini adalah mengembangkan model persamaan struktural untuk menjelaskan hubungan yang kompleksantara media sosial dan kinerja perusahaan dengan memperkenalkan peran mediasi kepercayaan,kemampuan menjual dan kemampuan harga. Para manajer tersebut harus melihat adanya peluangbesar di media sosial, dan mempelajari cara media sosial bekerja dan mampu memberikan hasilyang maksimal pada penjualannya. Artinya studi ini menjelaskan efek mediasi secara tersirat,bahwa dengan adanya mediasi dalam wujud rasa kepercayaan, belajar untuk mampu menjualbarang/jasa di media sosial itu berdampak besar bahkan mungkin bisa menjadi penyumbangterbesarnya kinerja perusahaan. Mediasi tidak selalu berupa relasi, namun adanya sebuah carauntuk menjadi perantaranya/jembatan menuju perubahan yang lebih baik membuktikan bahwaefek mediasi akan mengiringi di belakangnya.
Quantum mechanics and entropic gravity via the principle of stationary von Neumann entropy and quantropy
Authors: Icefield William
Published: December 2020

This paper utilizes the principle of stationary entropy to derive Feynman path integral formalism of quantum mechanics and entropic gravity formalism that recovers the Einstein field equations in the classical limit. For dynamics, the relevant concept of entropy is quantropy, proposed by John Baez et al. For statics, the relevant concept of entropy is von Neumann entropy.
A WAY TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF WATER ISOLATING WORKS USING WATER REPELLENT
Authors: Al-Obaidi Sudad H
Published: December 2020

A method for isolating water inflow in gas wells is proposed, which consists in pumping a water-insulating composition into the water saturated interval using gas as a blowing fluid. The results of studies on physical models of the reservoir are presented, which prove an increase in the penetrating ability of the water repellent, blockage density of water-permeable channels and a decrease in phase permeability of water. These results were obtained in both water and gas saturated porous mediums. It is observed also that the gas blowing of a water isolating composition contributes in reduction of the reverse removal of the composition from theporous medium, as a result of a more uniform distribution of the water isolating composition in the porous medium.
THERMAL CYCLE OPTIMIZATION WHEN PROCESSING THE BOTTOM-HOLE ZONE OF WELLS
Authors: Al-Obaidi Sudad H , NI Guliaeva , FH Khalaf
Published: December 2020

Most of the liquid oil of all types estimated today represents the category of heavy-oils. This leads to decrease in oil production and more extraction of water. Enhanced oil recovery is a method using sophisticated techniques that can deal with such sort of oils and alter the original properties of oil. Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) remains the most frequently used method for extraction of heavy oils. In this work, irreversible changesin rocks that lead to an increase in formation permeability have been studied and, as a result, to an increase in the production flow rate of production wells and for injection wells, an increase in their injectivity. New methods and technologies have been developed for the intensification of thermocyclic well treatments.A computer program based on mathematical model was developed, which allows predicting changes occurring in the well and near the well space. In this model, the main characteristics of the process of cyclic thermal impact on the bottom-hole zone can be used to predict field temperatures in the well and in the formation, as well as changes in the permeability of rocks. To improve the efficiency use of the model and increase the heating zone, a new method of thermal cycling impact on the bottom-hole zone of the well was developed.
Genotype-Environment Interaction in ADHD: Genetic Predisposition Determines the Extent to Which Environmental Influences Explain Variability in the Symptom Dimensions Hyperactivity and Inattention
Authors: Schwabe Inga , Jovic Miljan , Rimfeld Kaili , Allegrini Andrea , van den Berg Stéphanie
Published: December 2020

Although earlier studies in the field of behaviour genetics have shown that individual differences on the spectrum of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are highly heritable, emerging evidence suggests that symptoms are associated with complex interactions between genes and environmental influences. This study investigated whether a genetic predisposition for the symptom dimensions hyperactivity and inattention determines the extent to which unique-environmental influences explain variability in these symptoms. To this purpose, we analysed item-level scores of 2168 twin pairs who completed both the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Strength and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behavior (SWAN) questionnaire. To maximize the psychometric information to measure ADHD symptoms, psychometric analyses were performed to investigate whether the items from the two questionnaires can be combined to form two longer subscales. In the estimation of genotype-environment interaction, we corrected for error variance heterogeneity in the measurement of ADHD symptoms through the application of item response theory (IRT) measurement models. Results indicated that unique-environmental influences were more important in creating individual differences in both hyperactivity and inattention for twins with a genetic predisposition for these symptoms than for twins without such a predisposition.
Distinguishing simple and residual consistency in functionally equivalent and non- equivalent situations: Evidence from experimental and observational longitudinal data
Authors: Horstmann Kai Tobias , Rauthmann John F. , Sherman Ryne A. , Ziegler Matthias
Published: December 2020

The current work examines consistencies of personality state scores across functionally equivalent and non-equivalent situations. We argue that simple consistency, defined as the correlation between state scores without taking people’s straits into account, needs to be distinguished from residual consistency that does account for traits. The existence of residual consistency reflects systematic interindividual differences in how people respond to situations, above and beyond what is expected from their traits. We examine the level and individual differences in all of these forms of consistency. In four micro-longitudinal studies (total N = 671), participants first provided trait self-ratings and then state ratings, either in response to two situation vignettes presented at separate testing occasions (Studies 1 and 2) or during experience sampling in daily life (Studies 3 and 4). In all studies, simple consistency was substantial, and the level of residual consistency varied with the level of functional equivalence of the situations. Further, individual differences in both simple and residual consistencies were only weakly correlated, suggesting no underlying general factor but only trait-specific consistencies. We conclude that there are consistent individual differences in how people respond to equivalent situations, even when their personality trait scores have been taken into account.
Preschoolers' Comprehension of Functional Metaphors
Authors: Zhu Rebecca , Goddu Mariel Kathryn , Zhu Lily Zihui , gopnik alison
Published: December 2020

Previous work suggests that preschoolers often misunderstand metaphors. However, some recent studies demonstrate that preschoolers can represent abstract relations, suggesting that the cognitive foundations of metaphor comprehension may develop earlier than previously believed. The present experiments used novel paradigms to explore whether preschoolers (N = 200; 4-5 years; 100 males, 100 females; predominantly White) can understand metaphors based on abstract, functional similarities. In Experiment 1, preschoolers and adults (N = 64; 18-41 years; 25 males, 39 females; predominantly White) rated functional metaphors (e.g., “Roofs are hats”; “Tires are shoes”) as “smarter” than nonsense statements (e.g., “Boats are skirts”; “Pennies are sunglasses”) in a metalinguistic judgment task (d = .42 in preschoolers; d = 3.06 in adults). In Experiment 2, preschoolers preferred functional explanations (e.g., “Both keep you dry”) over perceptual explanations (e.g., “Both have pointy tops”) when interpreting functional metaphors (e.g., “Roofs are hats”) (d = .99). In Experiment 3, preschoolers preferred functional metaphors (e.g., “Roofs are hats”) over nonsense statements (e.g., “Roofs are scissors”) when prompted to select the “better” utterance (d = 1.25). Moreover, over a quarter of preschoolers in Experiment 1 and half of preschoolers in Experiment 3 explicitly articulated functional similarities when justifying their responses, and the performance of these subsets of children drove the success of the entire sample in both experiments. These findings demonstrate that preschoolers can understand metaphors based on abstract, functional similarities.
Visual body processing’s associations to Body Mass Index and internalization of societal beauty ideals
Authors: Cazzato Valentina , Walters Elizabeth , Urgesi Cosimo
Published: December 2020

We examined whether visual processing mechanisms of the body of conspecifics are different in women and men and whether these rely on westernised socio-cultural ideals and body image concerns. Twenty-four women and 24 men performed a visual discrimination task of upright or inverted images of female or male bodies and faces (Experiment 1) and objects (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, both groups of women and men showed comparable abilities in the discrimination of upright and inverted bodies and faces. However, the genders of the human stimuli yielded different effects on participants’ performance, so that male bodies and female faces appeared to be processed less configurally than female bodies and male faces, respectively. Interestingly, altered configural processing for male bodies was significantly predicted by participants’ Body Mass Index (BMI) and their level of internalization of muscularity. Our findings suggest that configural visual processing of bodies and faces in women and men may be linked to a selective attention to detail needed for discriminating salient physical (perhaps sexual) cues of conspecifics. Importantly, BMI and muscularity internalization of beauty ideals may also play a crucial role in this mechanism.
The ABC of social learning: Affect, Behaviour and Cognition
Authors: Gruber Thibaud , Bazhydai Marina , Sievers Christine , Clément Fabrice , Dukes Daniel
Published: December 2020

Debates concerning social learning in the behavioral and the developmental cognitive sciences have largely ignored the literature on social influence in the affective sciences despite having arguably the same object of study. We argue that this is a mistake and that no complete model of social learning can exclude an affective aspect. In addition, we argue that affect can allow bridging of the debates of the unique characteristics of social learning in humans compared to other animals. We first review the two major bodies of literature in non-human animals and human development, highlighting the fact that the former has adopted a behavioral approach while the latter has adopted a cognitive approach, leading to irreconcilable differences. We then introduce a novel framework, affective social learning (ASL), that studies the way we learn about value(s). We show that all three approaches are complementary and focus, respectively, on behavior towards, cognitions concerning, and feelings about objects, events and people in our environment. All three thus contribute to an affective, behavioral and cognitive story of knowledge transmission: the ABC of social learning. In particular, ASL can provide the backbone of an integrative approach to social learning. We argue that this novel perspective on social learning can allow both evolutionary continuity and ontogenetic development by lowering the cognitive thresholds that appear often too complex for other species and non-verbal infants. Yet, it can also explain some of the major achievements only found in human cultures.
A gradual separation from the world: a qualitative exploration of existential loneliness in old age
Authors: Carr Sam , Fang Chao
Published: December 2020

This study sought to qualitatively explore experiences of existential loneliness (EL) in 80 older people living in retirement communities across the UK and Australia. Qualitative semi-structured interviews permitted in-depth exploration of issues such as biographical narrative, close relationships, loss, feelings of loneliness, and retirement living. It was our intention to conduct a large-scale, deep listening exercise that would provide further clues about existential loneliness in older people and the circumstances that give rise to such feelings. Data provided rich insight into older people’s inner lives. Core themes identified loss of close attachments, lack of physical touch and intimacy, deterioration of health and body, and lack of an emotional language through which to express EL as central to older people’s experiences. Furthermore, there was a suggestion that the move to retirement living was for many people inextricably connected to their experience of EL. Our data further support and extend the notion that EL can be thought of as a gradual sense of separation from the world and that ageing intensifies a myriad of social, emotional, and physical circumstances that prompt its emergence. This sense of existential isolation need not be thought of as exclusive to those experiencing extreme frailty or who face death imminently – our data pointed to a clear and gradual emergence of EL throughout later life.
Power Analysis for Conjoint Experiments
Authors: Schuessler Julian , Freitag Markus
Published: December 2020

Conjoint experiments aiming to estimate average marginal component effects and related quantities have become a standard tool for social scientists. However, existing solutions for power analyses to find appropriate sample sizes for such studies have various shortcomings and accordingly, explicit sample size planning is rare. Based on recent advances in statistical inference for factorial experiments, we derive simple yet generally applicable formulae to calculate power and minimum required sample sizes for testing average marginal component effects (AMCEs), conditional AMCEs, as well as interaction effects in forced-choice conjoint experiments. The only input needed are expected effect sizes. Our approach only assumes random sampling of individuals or randomization of profiles and avoids any parametric assumption. Furthermore, we show that clustering standard errors on individuals is not necessary and does not affect power. Our results caution against designing conjoint experiments with small sample sizes, especially for detecting heterogeneity and interactions. We provide an R package that implements our approach.
Effect of different levels of phosphorus on growth and yield of Cowpea varieties in Dang, Nepal
Authors: Aryal Anjeela , Devkota Ashbin Kumar , Aryal Krishna , Mahato Mohan
Published: December 2020

Variety having proper response to phosphorus for proper nutrient uptake and the optimum level of phosphorus for higher  yield may be a way of increasing production and productivity in the context of Nepal. This experiment  was carried out in Lamahi Municpality, Dang district of the Province no: 5, inner terai region of Nepal during the rainy season, 2019. The objective of the experiment was to study the effect of different phosphorus level on growth and development of different varieties of cowpea. The experiment was laid out in two factorial RCBD with two varieties (Aakash and Prakash) and five phosphorus level (0 kg ha-1, 20 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1, 60 kg ha-1 and 80 kg ha-1). The result revealed that variety Aakash showed the significantly higher yield of fresh pod (15.99 t ha-1) and yield attributing parameters like number of leaves at 45 DAS (35.22), leaf area at 45 DAS (70.23 cm²), pod diameter (0.77 cm), total number of fresh pods per plant (44.85) than Prakash variety (yield; 12.25 t ha-1). The parameters like number of branches and pod length were not affected by the variety used. In addition, the different level of P also affects the yield of the fresh pod of different varieties. The P level 40 kg ha-1 reported highest yield of fresh pod (20.18 t ha-1 and showed significantly higher number of leaves (38.9), number of branches (23.48), plant height (88.78cm), leaf area (81.89 cm²), pod length (17.76 cm), pod diameter (0.79 cm) and total number of fresh pods per plant (55.19) whereas control produced the lowest total yield of fresh pod (8.33 t ha-1), control (30.99) and 80 kg P ha-1 (30.86) produced the least number of leaves, control produced the least number of branches (17.31), control (63.77 cm) and 80 kg P ha-1 (67.83) produced the shortest plant, 80 kg P ha-1 produced the minimum leaf area (51.09 cm2), control produced least pod length (14.3 cm), pod diameter (0.74cm), total number of fresh pods (34.29). Similarly, interaction of Aakash and phosphorus dose 40 kg ha-1 produced significantly maximum number of leaves (43.07) and total yield of fresh pods (23.33 t ha-1). The results of the experiment revealed that variety Aakash with the phosphorus level 40 kg ha-1 seems the more profitable in Terai and inner Terai condition of Nepal. However, the results need to be confirmed for other varieties used by farmers in the region.
Evaluation of white grain maize varieties for growth, yield and yield components
Authors: Bastola Arjun , Soti Ankit , Pandey Utshav , Rana Mausami , Kandel Manoj , Shrestha Jiban
Published: December 2020

Maize (Zea mays L.)  is one of the most commonly cultivated crop after rice in Nepal. The present study was done to evaluate and recommend the best performing white maize genotypes in mid hill region of Nepal. This study was conducted at research field of Kavre, Nepal during the rainy season of 2019. Five white maize genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with four replications where Deuti used as standard check. Ear and plant height of plant, days to 50% silking and tasseling, count of leaf above and below main cob, total number of leaf, cob length, cob diameter, kernel rows per cob, kernels count per row, thousand kernels weight, shelling and sterility percentage, stay green and grain yield parameters were observed. Deuti and DMH-7314 had good stay green and husk cover rating. Plant height (282.6 cm) and ear height (162.4 cm) was more in HB-008. Number of kernels per row was more in HB-008 (36.5) and HB-007 (36.5) and thousand kernel weights was more in DMH-7314 (386.3 g) followed by Deuti (353.9 g). DMH-7314 was late in tasseling (86 days) and silking (89 days) but shelling percentage was lowest in DMH-7314 (70.8) than other varieties. Analysis of variance reveled that genotype HB-008 (9.70 t/ha) as compared to standard check Deuti (7.80 t/ha). Thus genotype HB-008 perform better in mid hill region of Kavre, Nepal.
واو العطف و استعمالاتها اللغوية في سورة الملك
Authors: Rivai Tomong Alimudin Rivai
Published: December 2020

تجريد البحث هذا البحث يهدف إلى معرفة حرف واو العطف في اللغة العربية عند النحويين و استعمالاتها في سورة الملك في الجزء التاسع والعشرين من القرآن الكريم. وقام الباحث بتقسيم المناهج إلى منهجين : الأول : منهج استقراء المواد و جمعها، و هذا يدل على أن الباحث يقوم باستقراء مصادر البيانات وجمعها. و الثاني: منهج تحليل المواد، و هذا الذي يقوم الباحث بتبيين الآيات التي تتضمن  واو العطف  في سورة الملك، ثم إحصاء استعمالات واو العطف  في سورة الملك مع تبيينها و استنتاجها.ومن نتيجة البحث عن هذه القضايا وهي : واو العطف تستعمل في سورة الملك فقد وردت 20 (عشرون) مرة، و يستعمل هذا الحرف يعطف الاسم على الاسم، و تعطف الجملة الفعلية على الجملة الفعلية، و تعطف الجملة الاسمية على الجملة الاسمية.الكلمات الرئيسية : واو العطف، الاستعمالات اللغوية، سورة الملك
Pengaruh Likuiditas, Pertumbuhan Kredit, Efisiensi, dan Kecukupan Modal Terhadap Profitabilitas
Authors: Hendrawati Lia , Djamaludin Said
Published: December 2020

This study to examine and analyze the effect of liquidity, credit growth, efficiency, and capital adequacy on the Bank’s profitability listed on the IDX partially and simultaneously. The research data are annual data for the 5-year observation period (2009-2013). This research was conducted at 33 banks listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. Banks Analyzed that met the population criteria were 23 banks. The analytical method used in multiple linier regression.

The results showed that liquidity, credit growth, efficiency, and capital adequacy together (simultaneously) significantly influence profitability. Partially,  liquidity has a significant positive effect on profitability, while efficiency has a significant negative effect. Credit growth and capital adequacy have no significant effect on profitability. Liquidity is the variable that has the biggest effect on the Bank’s profitability.
Pengenalan Produk dan Promosi Alat Berat Hydraulic Excavator
Authors: Setio Aji Nugroho
Published: December 2020

This research explains 320D2 GC Hydraulic Excavators. This study uses a qualitativemethod with a literature approach. Data collection was obtained from several sourcesfrom scientific books, research reports, scientific essays, theses and dissertations,regulations, provisions, yearbooks, encyclopedias, and sources which cannot bediscussed accurately electronically.The results showed that the product features possessed by Hydraulic Excavators type320D2 GC are technology, perceived usability, and convenience of use. As for productquality, brand utility, accessories, and guarantees. In the promotion of 320D2 HydraulicExcavators heavy equipment there are special offers, support, joint ventures, andcampaigns.Limitations / Implications for research are limited to product introduction andpromotion so further research needs to follow up on this research using differentresearch methods.
Complete SAT based Cryptanalysis of RC5 Cipher
Authors: Soboń Artur , Kurkowski Miroslaw , Stachowiak Sylwia
Published: December 2020

Keeping the proper security level of ciphers used in communication networks is today a very important problem. Cryptanalysts ensure a constant need for improvement complexity and ciphers' security by trying to break them. Sometimes they do not instantly try to break the strongest version of the cipher, but they are looking for weaknesses by splitting it and independently checking all algorithm components. Often cryptanalysts also attempt to break cipher by using its weaker version or configuration. There are plenty of mechanisms and approaches to cryptanalysis to solve those challenges. One of them is SAT-based method, that uses logical encoding. In this article, we present our wide analysis and new experimental results of SAT-based, direct cryptanalysis of the RC5 cipher. To perform such actions on the given cipher, we initially create a propositional logical formula, that describes and represents the entire RC5 algorithm. The second step is to randomly generate key and plaintext. Then we determine the ciphertext. In the last step of our computations, we use SAT-solvers. They are particularly designed tools for checking the satisfiability of the Boolean formulas. In our research, we make cryptanalysis of RC5 cipher in the case with plaintext and ciphertext. To get the best result, we compared many SAT-solvers and choose several. Some of them were relatively old, but still very efficient and some were modern and popular.
"A Different Kind of the Same Thing": Narrative, Experiential Knowledge, and Subjectivity in Susan Glaspell's Trifles and Sharon Pollock's Blood Relations
Authors: Chung Kathy K.Y
Published: December 2020

This essay uses theories of narrative to examine how Susan Glaspell'sTrifles and Sharon Pollock's Blood Relations reflect and resist the ability of narratives to construct identities, create moral meanings, and impose truths. It also explores the dramatisation of experiential knowledge as a means of building communities. Blood Relations' meta-theatrical self-consciousness, resistance to moral meaning through a refusal of narrative closure, and ambivalence towards the representative nature of personal experiences, in contrast to Trifles' naturalism, narrative conclusion, and confidence in the assumption of shared women's experiences reflect changes in feminisms, theoretical understandings of experiential knowledge, and strategies for the stage representation of women.
The Gallant Invalid: The Stage Consumptive and the Making of a Canadian Myth
Authors: Barker Roberta
Published: December 2020

This essay explores theatrical and cultural performances of pivotal figures in Canada’s colonial history as they relate to a forgotten chapter of theatre history and an image of masculinity it helped to create. The “gallant invalid” of the nineteenth-century stage was a consumptive young man hopelessly in love with a woman he could not possess and forced to steel his ailing body for a battle against forces that threatened honour and virtue. His first major theatrical incarnation came in the guise of Henri Muller in Alexandre Dumas père and Auguste Anicet-Bourgeois’s drama Angèle (1833). A crosser of national, class, and gender boundaries, Muller experiences deep emotions that the audience glimpses via the performed symptoms of his disease. As English translations of plays influenced by Angèle crossed first the Channel and then the Atlantic, I argue, they helped to create an internationally recognizable male consumptive type who shared these characteristics. In Canada, performances of this type shaped both British imperial mythology and an emergent narrative of Canadian political heroism. They transformed the received image of one of the founding heroes of imperial Canadian history, General James Wolfe, and shaped the public persona of the ‘great conciliator’ of French and English Canada, Wilfrid Laurier. This operation helped to establish the agency of the bourgeois, politically liberal male subject within the new nation. Yet it also associated his power with an acknowledgement of its own transience, rooting imperial masculinity in a performance of mortality that destabilized the very mastery it sustained.
Gerald Sutton Brown and the Discourse of City Planning Expertise in Vancouver, 1953–1959
Authors: Langford Will
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the discourse Gerald Sutton Brown, the director of the newly created Vancouver Department of Planning, employed between 1953 and 1959. Amidst rapid urbanization and suburbanization, changes in local state governance, and wider debate over the urban future, Sutton Brown began speaking in public to popularize his vision of planning. He regularly compared planning to business, medicine, science, and politics. I argue that his co-optation of language, images, and metaphors drawn from more established professions promoted planning projects and asserted the authority of the planning profession. However, Sutton Brown’s rhetorical strategy obscured and depoliticized many of the realities of his high modernist planning program. Even if his discourse proved relatively ineffectual in the face offinancial, political, and practical constraints, his rhetoric was important because it demonstrated one way that high modernist ideas could be mobilized to promote significant urban change.
Framing the Boy Problem in the Early Twentieth Century: The Willie Doherty Murder of 1902
Authors: Marquis Greg
Published: December 2020

In 1902 three teenagers visited a public park in Saint John, New Brunswick. Three days later one of them was found shot to death. This case study of the murder of Willie Doherty and the trials of Frank Higgins and Fred Goodspeed examines how a critical event crystalized the justice system, social reform, and press understandings of the boy problem in one community at the turn of the twentieth century. The case suggested, in the case of working-class youth, the existence of a semi-autonomous “boys world” that operated beyond the reach of adults, including the police. Reformers were as likely to blame environmental influences such as poor parenting, popular culture such as dime novels, or socio-economic deprivation, as they were the anti-social personality traits of delinquents. The study also explores the degree of freedom enjoyed by children and youth in the turn-of-the-century industrial city.
Youth Hostels and Hostile Locals: Vancouver’s ‘Battle of Jericho,’ 1970
Authors: Mahood Linda
Published: December 2020

Chasing tourist dollars was a necessity for many following the Second World War. However, few people in the summers of 1968 and 1969 could have escaped the sight of hundreds of fashionably penniless baby boomers hitchhiking along roads on their “annual summer trek”. Municipal authorities began to receive complaints about “scruffy young people” panhandling and sleeping rough in cities and towns along the Trans-Canada Highway. Tourism, wanted and unwanted, has the capacity to cause conflict between travelers and locals. In 1970, federally funded youth hostels became the focus of Trudeau’s Liberal government’s need to manage youth unemployment as well as radicalism on university campuses. The focus of this article is youth travel to Vancouver and Vancouverites’ responses to the National Hostel Task Force, which led to sit-ins and police-youth and youth-youth conflict, which culminated in the “Battle of Jericho”. Drawing on contemporary mainstream and university newspaper accounts, Vancouver City Police reports, RCMP intelligence files and activities at University of British Columbia, this article argues that failure to understand the diverse needs of Canada’s young people turned youth tourism into the transient youth problem in the summer of 1970.
Theoretical conceptual construct of the ukrainian children’s subculture
Authors: Sitkar Viktor
Published: December 2020

The article presents the theoretical construct of the developed social and psychological concept of the Ukrainian children’s subculture. It is stressed, that in terms of composition this concept, as a system of scientific knowledge and form of presentation of research results, should be highlighted with regard to the following sections: basic ideological methodologies (general provisions); conceptual and categorical apparatus; conceptual methodologies (theoretical and methodological grounds); conceptual core (research principles); main content meaning (content and semantic content); psycho-socio-cultural conditions for the effective functioning and development of children’s subculture; verification. Interaction of various levels of methodology with certain aspects of children’s subculture has been considered in this research. Among the level of methodology the highest level is maintained by the philosophical methodology of science, which performs an integrative function in cognition of a phenomenon, summing up the dissected points of view. It is emphasized that within the limits of a study all levels of methodology are closely intertwined, although each of them has its own function, whereas the philosophical level acts as the substantive basis of methodological knowledge. Levels of methodology set the logic of the subject of research, formulation of tasks, analysis and clarification of concepts, the development of general and specific methodological principles and procedures. Nowadays there is a certain delineation of two vectors of development in the subculture sphere of Ukraine – «socially oriented» and «nationally oriented». The suggested in this research theoretical conceptual construct of the children’s subculture with sufficient empirical content of each section will allow to enrich the scientific data bank on the problem of the Ukrainian children’s subculture, which has its own mental, regional, age and multi-ethnic peculiarities, and contribute to the creation of «children’s subcultural map of Ukraine».