bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geomorphological Evolution and Palaeoenvironmental Change in the Western Alashan Plateau, China
Authors: Zhu BingQi
Published: July 2020

Although neotectonic activity is considered to be the main factor of theterrain evolution of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding high-altitude areas, further geomorphological analysis and literature analysis areneeded for the understanding of the geomorphic evolution and the Quaternary environment change of the western area of the Alxa Plateau nearthe northern Tibet Plateau. The purpose of this study is to investigate thedistribution of site-specific geomorphic units of the landforms developedin the vast topography of Ejina Basin (Western Alxa), in order to identifythe geostructural and climatic causes of the geomorphic landscape and itsimpact on the change of paleoenvironment. At present, the climate andhydrological conditions in Ejina are relatively monotonous and stable. Inaddition to tectonic dynamic factors, the most widely distributed landform in the basin is climate landform. There are both geomorphologicaland sedimentological anomalies of Aeolian landforms occurred in thewhole basin, indicating that the underlying surface effect (retention effect) of river (Ejina River) and its related uneven ground and weak winderosion (deflation) process in the nearby area may be the important factors controlling the formation of Ejina dunes, rather than the arid climate.It is believed that the extensive interaction between the aeolian and fluvialprocesses is the main mechanism of the regional geomorphic difference inEjina Basin. According to the comparability of regional geomorphologyand sedimentology, the period of the formation of relic geomorphologyin the edge of Ejina Basin can be reasonably attributed to the local glacialmaximum of the last glacial. The geomorphic transformation from quasiplain and desert valley to desert plain, the appearance of widely movingsand dunes and the presence of large ancient lake geomorphology allindicate that the drought index of Ejina Basin is increasing on the scaleof geomorphic formation. Paleogeomorphological and chronological evidences show that the climatic and hydrological conditions of the basin inthe last glacial period and the early Holocene are much better than thoseat present. For example, the average annual precipitation in the area before 39-23ka BP is between 60-350 mm (about 36 mm today), but thereare large waves in the Holocene. The coexistence of various climates andlandforms in Ejina Basin and the resulting geomorphic diversity shouldbe the composite result of various geomorphic processes and surface processes besides glaciation. The low aridity (relative humidity) in the EjinaRegion in the late Pleistocene may be the result of the enhancement of thewesterly rain belt and the weakening of the Asian Winter Monsoon in thearid region of Central Asia.
The Application of Geophysical Techniques in Tracking Leachate Plumes Migration in a Typical Cemetery within the Sandy formation in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Osabuohien Idehen , Monday Alile Owens , John Airen O.
Published: July 2020

The survey aim is to track leachate plumes within the sandy formationwhich is below the surface laterite layer. It investigates the presence andmigration of leachate plumes in the sandy region in a typical cemetery(Third Cemetery), in Benin City, Nigeria. The research engaged VerticalElectrical Sounding (VES), 2-Dimensional computation of migrationin both the vertical and horizontal directions. The electrical resistivitydata collected in parallel equidistant lines was processed to obtain geoelectric models using Res2dinv. The leachate plumes in the cemeterymigrate vertically and horizontally at different rates. The maximum andminimum rates of vertical migration are 4.1 and 0.2 cm/day respectively,while the maximum and minimum rates of horizontal migration are 32.8and 1.7 cm/day respectively. Volumetric analysis of the plume zonesindicates that of the 75,231m3 of the subsurface imaged, 6,322 m3 is thezone contaminated by leachate plume, that is, 8.4 % of the earth volumeinvestigated contained leachate plume. The research also showed thatrepeated ERT surveys can track movement of leachate plume emanatingfrom decomposed dead bodies over time in active cemetery. The averagetravel time for a leachate plume to transverse a vertical distance of 6.6 min coarse sand is 366.7 days at constant migration speed of 1.8 cm/day.
Analysing the Influencing Factors of a Postgenetic Subsidence Doline’s Development Using Model Experiments
Authors: Vetési-Foith Szilárd
Published: July 2020

The subsidence dolines are the most common surface forms of the concealed karsts. One type of these dolines is the suffosion doline. In thismodel experiment the influential role of these kind of dolines’ development factors were analyzed. The aim of the study was to determine thesignificance of the parameters (cover thickness, secondary porosity of thebedrock, chimney diameter, grain size) that influence the development ofa suffosion doline. To study the influencing factors numerous (162) experiments were made with different parameters, in a manner that during theexperiments we changed only one parameter, so the effects of it would bedetectable from the final solution. These measurements were made withthe use of a special tool, designed and built for this purpose. Accordingto the data we gained from the model experiments, the development of asuffosion doline is influenced by many parameters. If these parameters arein an optimal connection to each other, a suffosion doline may appear onthe surface. Knowing these parameters of the covered karstic depressionslets us estimate other parameters that may influence the development ofthe subsidence dolines.
Properties of Natural Catastrophes
Authors: K. Ospanova N.
Published: July 2020

A variety of phenomena of a catastrophic order and fear of their consequences served as the reason that until now the properties of disastersremained incomprehensible. We found out the properties of natural catastrophes. It is shown that knowledge of these properties is of great importance, because it contributes to the formation of an objective judgmenton natural processes and phenomena.
Applications in New River-meander Model
Authors: Yilmaz Levent
Published: July 2020

If the sediment transport behaves as bed-load, the sediment surface at meandering channel will deform into transverse waves.This investigation is a new model for prediction of river-meander models in nature.The aim of this research is to give a precise method whose bed forms can have a variety of scales ranging from ripples through small dunes to fully developed dunes or sandwaves.Its mathematical model will be investigated.
Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts Assessment of Using Different Rainwater Harvesting Techniques in Sarida Catchment, West Bank, Palestine
Authors: Ghanem Marwan Ghaleb , Ahmed Wasim , Shadeed Sameer , Riksen Michel
Published: July 2020

A statistically representative questionnaire targeted people using rainwater harvesting (RWH) techniques in rural communities of Sarida catchment,West Bank, Palestine was distributed and analyzed. The main objective of this study is to assess the social, economic, and environmental impacts of adopting RWH techniques (e.g. cisterns, concrete and clay ponds, Wadi ponds, earth dams, and stone terraces) in different uses to increase water availability. The results showed a simple sharing of the female component among beneficiaries, while concrete ponds and cisterns were the most used techniques. Actually, social impacts were noticeable by sharing the same RWH structure and reflected to responsibility skills and role exchange increases. On the other hand, RWH techniques showed a significant economic impact for end users represented by enhancing domestic, agricultural,and recreational activities leading to good profit increase. In addition to food security as output, the most important environmental impact was water wasting prevention, which in turn could be linked to sustainable water management and considered as universal challenge for future generations.
Gray Water Measurement and Feasibility of Retrieval Using Innovative Technology and Application in Water Resources Management in Isfahan-Iran
Authors: Javadinejad Safieh , Dara Rebwar , Jafary Forough
Published: July 2020

Reuse of wastewater for agriculture and green spaces purposes is significant. A mean yearly precipitation in Esfahan is 150 mm. The drinking water and agriculture usually used underground resources in the city. Gray water recycling is known as a suitable option today. Delivering all the water requirements of a home from refined water rises the cost of water. Whereas the essential water quality for garden, toilet and irrigation is less than drinking water. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the evaluation of gray water and estimate the amount of recycle gray water which can use for drinking water with innovation method in Esfahan region in Iran. Previous studies did not measure the value of recycling gray water with new method of waste water treatment that can use for drinking purpose. In this study,gray water in Esfahan city is measured and technical aspects of its recycling is examined. Because of the lack of referable guidelines and official technical reports, studies from other similar countries applied in this study and on the basis of which the amount of recoverable gray water was calculated.Evaluations indicates that the overall recovery of gray water in Esfahan saves nine million cubic meters of water. The price of the rial of this value established on water is 190 billion Rials. Given the lack of water sources in Esfahan, the recycle of gray water seems to be a good option, however more research is required to select a recovery strategy.
Sero-prevalence, Risk Factor and Community Perception of Foot and Mouse Disease in Cattle under Extensive Management in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Taye Angesom , Afera Berihun , Abebe Nigus
Published: July 2020

To determine the sero-prevalence of foot and mouth disease in southern zone of Tigray, North Ethiopia, a cross-sectional examination of 340 sera samples were conducted from November 2015 up to May 2016. In addition, a structured questionnaire survey was done to know the perception and knowledge of the local community about the disease and 120 informants were interviewed. The overall sero-prevalence was 20.9% and there was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) in prevalence of foot and mouth disease between sexes, agro-ecology, breed and vaccination history. However, a statistical significant difference (P< 0.05) was noticed between the age groups, different body conditions, farming systems, and history of contact with wild life. The logistic regression analysis indicated that all the factors which had an association with sero-positivity were found significant risk factors for the disease. The questionnaire survey indicated that 65% of the contacted informants described the disease consistent with the major clinical signs mentioned in literature. The study revealed that the virus is circulating in the area and requires further identification of the serotypes. Moreover, implementing control of foot and mouth disease with integrated approaches has paramount importance.
Perancangan dan Simulasi Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya Kapasitas 27 kWp di Kota Cilacap
Authors: Panggayuh Bagas Gangsar , Kurniawan Itmi Hidayat
Published: July 2020

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) merupakan suatu rangkaian elektronika yang terdiri dari solar cell, penyimpan tegangan atau baterai dan power controller.Dari masing-masing komponen ini mempunyai tugas yang berbeda-beda namun saling berkaitan dalam pembangkit listrik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan simulasi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya dengan kapasitas daya sebesar 27 kWp di Kota Cilacap yang berada pada Wilayah Selatan Jawa Tengah. Potensi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya pada kawasan ini cukup potensial berdasarkan Peta Potensi Tenaga Surya rata-rata sebesar 4 kWp per hari dan 1513 kWp per tahun. Aspek yang harus dipertimbangkan saat merancang PLTS yaitu Perancanaan perhitungan Komponen Utama, Potensi iradiasi, Konfigurasi sistem PLTS, dan Perhitungan beban Berdasarkan hasil simulasi PSIM untuk menentukan karakteristik V-I (Tegangan dan Arus ) dan P-V ( Daya dan Tegangan ) di dapatkan Vmax = 353.53 V, Imax = 76.9 A, Pmax = 27006.89 Watt. Berdasarkan Hasil Simulasi ETAP untuk mengetahui analisi Aliran Daya dan Short Circuit di dapat aliran Daya yang dihasilkan photovoltaic sebesar 27 + j10 atau 27 KW dan 10 kVAR. untuk Short Circuit Nilai arus hubung singkat pada bus 2 yakni arus keluaran dari array PV sebesar 0.236 kA.
Stirring the ‘Language Policy Soup’
Japanese in Language Education Policies in France and Finland
Authors: Galan Christian , Länsisalmi Riikka
Published: July 2020

This paper compares and contrasts the ‘Japanese language policy soup’ as it is currently cooked in a bottom-up and top-down manner in schools in two EU countries, France and Finland, with different culinary and educational traditions and practices. The Authors describe and analyse not solely the end result, Japanese language education at schools, but also the roles of the various stakeholders who partake in Japanese language policy making in the French and Finnish language ecologies.
Comida, ética y tradiciones desde la frontera México–Estados Unidos
Authors: Camacho Gómez María del Carmen , Romero Delgado Claudia Ivett
Published: July 2020

El auge en la producción de películas y programas televisivos sobre comida en todo el mundo justifican su investigación, pues muestran la cultura y tradiciones en la sociedad. Cuando las personas dejan su país de origen para vivir en un nuevo lugar, crean costumbres que se mezclan con las que ya tenían. El proceso se ve reflejado en diferentes aspectos, como la comida, y un ejemplo de esta fusión cultural se muestra en la cinta Tortilla Soup, que habla de los cambios en la vida de los mexicanos que emigran a Estados Unidos para encontrar el tan deseado sueño americano.
She’s gotta habit
Authors: Benchimol Lucía
Published: July 2020

En el 2017 la plataforma de contenido audio visual Netflix presenta She’s Gotta Have It, serie que se basa en la película de Spike Lee filmó en 1986, con la que comparten el nombre y el director. Trabajaremos algunas cuestiones de la primera temporada que consta de diez capítulos, de treinta minutos aproximadamente cada uno, con un guión adaptado. Vuelve Nola Darling, mujer negra activista y artista que vive en Booklyn, y encuentra en permanentemente búsqueda de su propia identidad. En este recorrido coinciden su aspiración en la profesión y los acontecimientos que la nombran como mujer. Nola resiste toda alienación a un nombre, y se sostiene a partir de multiplicar las otras que inventa. Esta solución no alcanza cuando se trata de abordar lo real del acontecimiento traumático. El director nos muestra el contraste entre un barrio colmado de referencias identitarias, con sus imágenes, sus películas, sus discos y una mujer que idealiza la forma negra femenina, al punto de que cada vez que algo la representa no es. Al modo Rashomon (Jingo, 1950) cada quien la mira desde una perspectiva, pero no hay una forma acabada. Nola sabe que no hay La Mujer, pero cree en ella y crea un modo de hacerla existir, sin nombrarla, sin serla.
COVID FV commentary preprint.docx
Authors: Gonzalez Jennifer , Molsberry Rebecca , Maskaly Jon , Jetelina Katelyn
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 has caused a wave of research findings to be published in academic and pre-print outlets which have resulted in several high-profile retractions. Given the need to publish policy- and practice-relevant research swiftly, the peer review process may issue fewer checks and balances compared to those present in non-COVID related scholarly works. This urgency to publish has led to publication of manuscripts with major methodological challenges falling through the cracks. In this perspective, we discuss this issue in light of a recent manuscript by Piquero et al. (2020). In the study, the association between stay-at-home orders and family violence was not statistically significant; however, a 12.5% increase in family violence offenses was widely disseminated by media outlets. The inaccurate dissemination of research findings can have important implications for policy and the virus mitigation efforts, which might urge policymakers to terminate stay-at-home orders in an effort to reduce family violence and other social risk factors. Changes may ultimately result in more COVID-related deaths as stay-at-home orders are prematurely and inappropriately lifted to prevent purported injuries in the home. Therefore, the widespread propagation of these claims in the absence of scientific evidence of an increase has great potential to cause harm.
Book Proposal on Biomimetic Tissue Simulants
Authors: Chanda Arnab
Published: July 2020

Soft tissue surrogate based test dummies are used across industries to simulate real life accidents. To date, there are a wide range of surrogates available in the market, including gels, elastomers, and animal tissues, which are backdated and have mechanical properties very different from actual human tissues. However, in academic research, biofidelic soft tissue surrogates have evolved in the last two decades, but have lacked technology transfer. This book aims to bridge the gap between the industry and academia with the state of the art in soft tissue surrogate research. Surrogates are presented with respect to skin, muscles, brain tissue, arteries, and female pelvis. Fabrication techniques, mechanical testing, and test results required for reproducing these surrogates are discussed. Also, characterization methodologies and limitations of each type of surrogate are presented, for their use in both experimental and computational research. Some major industries which can use these biofidelic surrogates are car manufacturers, prosthetics and orthotics designers, ballistic testing facilities, military and sports equipment manufacturers. Also, hospitals and medical centres can take advantage of these synthetic surrogates over actual tissues for surgical training with minimal biosafety approvals and ethical issues.
HLF is differentially expressed in high-grade serous ovarian cancers.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: July 2020

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We sought to identify genes associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) by comparing global gene expression profiles of normal ovary with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with HGSC using published microarray data (2, 3). We found significant differential expression of the transcription factor hepatic leukemia factor (4, 5) (HLF) in high-grade serous ovarian tumors.
Acronym Absurdity Constrains Psychological Science
Authors: Syed Moin
Published: July 2020

Everyone hates acronyms. This is known. This essay focuses on a somewhat different issue, called acronym absurdity, which is how acronyms can have the power to constrain discovery and advancement, thereby shaping science in undesirable ways. It is called acronym absurdity because the use of acronyms can sometimes lead to rather strange outcomes that any reasonable, mildly detached observer can only deem absurd. This essay focuses on two broad classes of the problem: how catchy acronyms lead to bizarre and limiting choices, and how acronyms can lead to modifications that betray their original intention. It is plainly obvious that the general practice around acronyms is absurd and should largely be abandoned.
Priming syntactic ambiguity resolution in children and adults
Authors: Havron Naomi , Scaff Camila , Carbajal M. Julia , Linzen Tal , Barrault Axel , CHRISTOPHE Anne
Published: July 2020

Adults use their recent experience to disambiguate ambiguous sentences: Structures that haverecently been primed are favored in the resolution of different types of ambiguity, an example ofstructural priming. Research on children’s use of recent information for disambiguation is scarce.Using a forced-choice task with a tablet, we asked whether 5-6-year-old French-speakingchildren could also be primed in the resolution of attachment ambiguities, as well as whetherlisteners are affected by the proportion of primes of each structure, and whether priming iscumulative. We found that both children and adults can be primed, and are sensitive to theproportion of structures in the input, and that priming effects cumulate as the experimentprogresses. This is the first study showing priming of ambiguous sentences at 5-6 years,suggesting that children, like adults, use recent experience as a source of disambiguatinginformation.
Sociedades patogénicas y locura colectiva: una mirada crítica a la normalidad
Authors: Torrents Enric Garcia
Published: July 2020

The present article addresses the need to rethink mental health care services from a social perspective, highlighting the impact of inequality and other determinants on people's suffering, while posing a critique of the role of the current biomedical model in controlling the population and maintaining a socioeconomic system that is both unhinged and unhinging.
How confidence in health care systems affects mobility and compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chan Ho Fai , Torgler Benno , Brumpton Martin , Macintyre Alison , Arapoc Jefferson , Savage David Alan , Skali Ahmed , Stadelmann David
Published: July 2020

Trust in the health care system requires being confident that sufficient and appropriate treatments will be provided if needed. The COVID-19 public health crisis is a significant, global, and (mostly) simultaneous test of the behavioral implications arising from this trust. We explore whether populations reporting low levels of confidence in the health care system exhibit a stronger behavioral reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic. We track the dynamic responses to the COVID-19 pandemic across 38 countries and 621 regions by exploiting a large dataset on human mobility generated between February 15 and June 5, 2020 and a broad range of contextual factors (e.g. deaths or policy implementations). Using a time-dynamic framework we find that societies with low levels of health care confidence initially exhibit a faster response with respect to staying home. However, this reaction plateaus sooner, and after the plateau it declines with greater magnitude than does the response from societies with high health care confidence. On the other hand, regions with higher confidence in the health care system are more likely to reduce mobility once the government mandates that its citizens are not to leave home except for essential trips, compared to those with lower health care system confidence. Regions with high trust in the government but low confidence in the health care system dramatically reduce their mobility, suggesting a correlation for trust in the state with respect to behavioral responses during a crisis.
Dutch modality exclusivity norms for 336 properties and 411 concepts
Authors: Bernabeu Pablo
Published: July 2020

This study is a cross-linguistic, conceptual replication of Lynott and Connell’s (2009, 2013) modality exclusivity norms. Their English properties and concepts were translated into Dutch, then independently tested as follows. Forty-two respondents rated the auditory, haptic, and visual strength of those words. Mean scores were then computed, with a high interrater reliability and interitem consistency. Based on the three modalities, each word also features a specific modality exclusivity, and a dominant modality. The norms also include external measures of word frequency, length, distinctiveness, age of acquisition, and known percentage. Starting with the results, unimodal, bimodal, and tri-modal words appear. Visual and haptic experience are quite related, leaving a more independent auditory experience. These different relations are important because they may correlate with different levels of detail in word comprehension (Louwerse & Connell, 2011). Auditory and visual words tend toward unimodality, whereas haptic words tend toward multimodality. Likewise, properties are more unimodal than concepts. Last, the 'sound symbolism' hypothesis was tested by means of a regression: Auditory strength predicts lexical properties of the words (e.g., frequency, distinctiveness) better than the other modalities do, or else with a different polarity. All the data and analysis code are available at https://osf.io/brkjw/.
When Social Interaction Backfires: Frequent Social Interaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period Is Associated with Decreased Well-Being and Higher Panic Buying
Authors: Kim Hyunji , Florack Arnd
Published: July 2020

The present research investigated a backfiring effect of social interaction on well-being and general confidence in Western populations during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Across two studies, we observed that stronger self-other connectedness and frequent social communication with others during the first few weeks into the quarantine period led to worsened well-being and decreased general confidence. In study 1 (n = 331), we showed that people who reported higher social connectedness and more frequent social interaction experienced declined well-being. In study 2 (n = 327), we replicated the backfiring effect and showed that those who engaged in frequent social interaction, especially in COVID-19 related conversations, reported decreased general confidence, which mediated the accelerating effect of social interaction on panic buying. Overall, our findings indicated that frequent social interaction under a highly novel and uncertain crisis can induce negative consequences on mental health and behavior.
Piloting Memory Specificity Training in Flemish Routine Clinical Practices using a Web-Based Self-Directed Training Protocol for Practitioners: Exploring Effectiveness, Fidelity and Feasibility.
Authors: Martens Kris , Barry Tom Joseph , Takano Keisuke , Raes Filip
Published: July 2020

Background: Memory Specificity Training (MeST) is a cognitive training program targeting a transdiagnostic vulnerability factor: a reduced ability to recall specific autobiographical memories, called reduced Autobiographical Memory (rAMS). Due to the simplicity of this intervention and its foundation in basic science, training practitioners how to deliver MeST in Routine Clinical Practices might be a scalable and low-cost strategy. The current study explores if MeST can be disseminated and implemented using a Web-based self-directed training protocol for practitioners. Methods: We explored effectiveness, fidelity and feasibility of the training protocol; i.e., whether the protocol led to remediation of rAMS of 24 users (i.e. patients) in 5 settings using pre- and post- intervention measurements of memory specificity (effectiveness); whether trainers showed fidelity to the protocol by scoring recorded sessions and by checking with users (fidelity); how users experienced the training using a post-intervention measurement of attitudes, and how attitudes of care providers (i.e. psychiatrists, psychologists, therapists, nurses), including trainers, evolved throughout the implementation process (feasibility). Results: Implementing MeST using the training protocol led to an increase in memory specificity, trainers were able to deliver MeST with fidelity to the protocol, users appreciated the intervention, and attitudes of care providers were in general positive throughout implementation. Conclusions: The results of this explorative study indicate that MeST can be disseminated using a Web-based self-directed training protocol at low-cost. This result might also be generalizable to similar brief autobiographical training programs.
Using the COVID-19 Economic Crisis to Frame Climate Change as a Secondary Issue Reduces Mitigation Support
Authors: Ecker Ullrich K. H. , Butler Lucy H. , Cook John , Hurlstone Mark J. , Kurz Tim , Lewandowsky Stephan
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has understandably dominated public discourse,crowding out other important issues such as climate change. Currently, if climate change enters the arena of public debate, it primarily does so in direct relation to the pandemic. In two experiments, we investigated (1) whether portraying the response to the COVID-19 threat as a “trial run” for future climate action would increase climate-change concern and mitigation support, and (2) whether portraying climate change as a concern that needs to take a “back seat” while focus lies on economic recovery would decrease climate-change concern and mitigation support. We found no support for the effectiveness of a trial-run frame in either experiment. In Experiment 1, we found that a back-seat frame reduced participants’ support for mitigative action. In Experiment 2, the back-seat framing reduced both climate-change concern and mitigation support; a combined inoculation and refutation was able to offset the drop in climate concern but not the reduction in mitigation support.
Right thyroid lobed cyst in a middle-aged woman: A case report
Authors: Afodun Adam Moyosore , Quadri Khadijah Kofoworola , Okesina Akeem Ayodeji , Ojewale Abdulfatai Olakunle , Bakare Airat Adeola , Eze Ejike Daniel , Ojuolape Samsudeen Gbenga , Odoma Saidi
Published: July 2020

Background: Thyroidal ultrasound has been used to detect neck lesions and nodules for decades. However, cystic thyroid disease is rare with few reported series. Different consensus exists concerning availability of medical treatment and the limited role of surgical management.

Case presentation: We present a 31-year-old female with obvious neck swelling and dysphagia. Ultrasound diagnosed a suspected colloidal thyroid cyst in the right lobe. The hypoechoic cystic mass measures 3.2 cm x 3.6 cm on frozen sonogram, with evidence of bilateral (cervical) lymphadenopathy. Thyroid cystic nodule viewed via sonar corresponds to detected mass finding on observation and palpitation. Researchers have recently standardized Thyroid-Imaging- Reporting and Data System (TIRADS), mostly in the United States.

Conclusion: If Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) and hormone therapy fail, cysts larger than >2.8cm may require surgical intervention, especially when there is a danger of great-vessel compression.
COVID-19: Recent advances in epidemiology, virology, etiopathogenesis, clinical trials and vaccine development
Authors: Banerjee Indrajit , Mohabeer Poormasha , Shukla Ananya , Kashyap Abhishek , Robinson Jared
Published: July 2020

Background:The causative virus of COVID-19 has been named SARS-CoV-2. It is the seventh coronavirus that is pathogenic to humans and the third in the series of human pathogenic beta coronaviruses. Patient zero was identified to have contracted the virus in Wuhan, China. Shortly after the initial identification of the virus and its symptoms, multiple studies concluded that the virus originated from the “Wuhan seafood market”, a notorious market place for illegal wildlife trade based in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei region of the People’s Republic of China. Globally, as of 7:02 pm CEST, 29 May 2020, there have been 5704736 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 357736 deaths, reported to the WHO. The transmission of COVID-19 is primarily by way of respiratory droplets, which can be developed via means of coughing or sneezing, hence spreading the disease from one person to another person. The research proposed indicates the possibility of bats as being the natural cistern of SARS-CoV-2, hence making COVID-19 a zoonotic disease. The most suspected intermediate host is the Malayan pangolin. SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus that has an affinity for ACE2 receptors in humans, causing severe pathological symptoms. Symptoms like anorexia, dyspnea, fatigue, pyrexia, cough, headache, dizziness, nausea, productive sputum, abdominal pain, myalgia, sore throat, diarrhea, and vomiting. Vaccines that are currently in the clinical evaluation are the Adenovirus type 5 vector, mRNA-1273, Inactivated alum, ChAdOx, LNP-mRNA, DNA plasmid vaccine with electroporation and Inactivated vaccines. A Phase III randomized multicountry clinical trial comprising of 100 countries known as “Solidarity” (ISRCTN83971151) has been initiated by the WHO to achieve the unified goal of producing an adequate treatment for COVID-19. The present Solidarity trial focuses on the following drugs: Remdesivir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir with or without interferon beta-1a, Chloroquine, or hydroxychloroquine.

Conclusion: It is invariably essential to promote research in this field of study and find an appropriate solution to the virus to allow individuals worldwide to lead a secure and healthy life.
COVID19: Dexamethasone; death or deliverer therefrom?
Authors: Robinson Jared , Banerjee Indrajit , Annavarapu Amarendra , Leclézio Alexandra
Published: July 2020

Background: A multitude and wide array of various drugs have been postulated and some even attempted to be used as effective treatments against the virus.  The drugs have ranged from antimalarials used in India as a prophylaxis to the disease; namely chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, to the use of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs such as Remdesivir. Dexamethasone, a cheap, widely available, long acting corticosteroid has been gaining popularity and to some extent fame in the treatment of COVID19 patients.

The benefits and use thereof were made apparent after very successful research conducted by the University of Oxford. The Recovery trial, which is one of the world’s largest clinical trials. This trial reported on June 16, 2020 that patients on Dexamethasone at a dosage of 6 mg per day for 10 days have a dramatically reduced mortality particularly in the COVID patients on ventilators. The dexamethasone proved very beneficial in the milder cases of the disease as well and reduced death by 20% in those cases. The proposed mechanism of action by which the dexamethasone drug acts is via impeding the dangerous cytokine storm, an intense immune response that severely renders the lungs damaged. This intense cytokine storm is attributed to the severe complications and respiratory failure noted in COVID19 patients. The long acting dexamethasone would suppress this autoimmune destruction and intense inflammatory reaction, thereby sparing the lungs and the patient’s life.

Conclusion: It is therefore of paramount importance that the use of dexamethasone in COVID19 cases is further studied and understood. The benefits of the use of dexamethasone are undeniable and therefore the drug should be implemented into the treatment regime with a guarded approach.
EFEKTIFITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN READ FOR ACTION BERBASIS KONSTRUKTIVIS TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH MATEMATIKA 2 PROGRAM STUDI PGSD UNIVERSITAS PGRI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rahmawati Rina Dyah
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas model pembelajaran read for action berbasis konstruktivis terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Matematika 2 program studi PGSD Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan di program studi PGSD FKIP UPY angkatan 2017. Penelitian ini digolongkan ke dalam eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian nonequivalent control group design dengan mengambil sampel penelitian dua kelas yaitu mahasiswa kelas A6 dan A7 sebanyak 73 mahsiswa. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes untuk pretest dan posttest. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik inferensial yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji t dengan jenis independet sample t-test pada taraf signifikansi  = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Dari analisis data diketahui bahwa nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol sebesar 76,88, sedangkan nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen sebesar 82,90. Sedangkan hasil t test dan mean difference menunjukkan nilai positif yaitu 4,133 dan 6,021, yang dapat diartikan bahwa nilai kelas eksperimen lebih besar dari kelas kontrol. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran read for action berbasis konstruktivis secara signifikan menunjukkan efektivitasnya sebagai model pembelajaran.Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran Read For Action, Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa, Matematika
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Integrasi Interkoneksi Untuk Memfasilitasi Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa
Authors: Suparni Suparni
Published: July 2020

Pada saat ini pembelajaran yang mengutamakan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa banyak menjadi pembicaraan. Berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu karakter yang akhir-akhir ini memang menjadi isu pendidikan, selain menjadi bagian dari proses pembentukan akhlak anak bangsa.. Untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa perlu dilakukan inovasi pembelajaran. Berdasarkan pemikiran itulah maka peneliti akan melakukan penelitian  pengembangan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar yang berbasis integrasi interkoneksi untuk memfasilitasi peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pemgembangan dengan menggunakan desain yang mengadaptasi dari langkah-langkah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) yang dikembangkan oleh Borg dan Gall. Langkah tersebut terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu tahap pendahuluan, tahap pengembangan, dan tahap uji produk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa telah berhasil dikembangkan bahan ajar berbasis integrasi interkoneksi dengan kualitas sangat baik dengan persentase keidealan sebesar 87,6 % dari ahli materi, 86% ahli media, dan mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa sebesar 17,5135.  Kata Kunci: Bahan ajar,  integrasi interkoneksi, berpikir kritis.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Matematika Dengan Model Quantum Teaching (QT) Ditinjau Dari Kreativitas Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII SMP N 2 Turi
Authors: Dwiyani Monita , Utami Niken Wahyu
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas model kooperatif, efektivitas model Quantum Teaching (QT), dan efektivitas model Quantum Teaching (QT) bila dibandingkan dengan model kooperatif jika ditinjau dari kreativitas belajar siswa.Populasi dari penelitian semu ini adalah  siswa kelas VIII SMP N 2 Turi yaitu VIII A, VIII B, VIII C, dan VIII D. Sampel penelitian adalah VIII B (kelas control) dan VIII A (kelas eksperimen). Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dan tes kreativitas yang sudah diujicobakan (untuk diketahui valid dan reliable).Uji hipotesis berupa uji proporsi satu populasi dan uji proporsi dua populasi. Berdasarkan uji proporsi satu populasi kelas kontrol diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,004 dengan taraf nyata 5% (0,004<0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Kooperatif tidak efektif. Sedangkan berdasarkan uji proporsi satu populasi kelas eksperimen diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,020 dengan taraf nyata 5% (0,020<0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Quantum Teaching tidak efektif. Jika kedua model dibandingkan maka berdasarkan uji proporsi dua populasi diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,869 dengan taraf nyata 5% dan dapat diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansi lebih besar daripada taraf nyata (0,869>0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Quantum Teaching lebih efektif daripada model Kooperatif. Kata Kunci:     Efektivitas Pembelajaran, Model Quantum Teaching, Kreativitas Belajar
Pengembangan Prototipe Perangkat Pembelajaran Penjumlahan Pecahan Dengan Pendekatan PMRI di Kelas IV
Authors: Pratini Haniek Sri , Rianasari Veronica Fitri
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan prototipe perangkat pembelajaran matematika dengan pendekatan PMRI untuk topik penjumlahan pecahan di kelas IV sekolah dasar. Berdasarkan tujuannya maka jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development). Subjek penelitian adalah 36 siswa kelas IVA SD Negeri Adisucipto 1 Yogyakarta. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan  observasi, wawancara, dan pemberian angket. Observasi dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data needs assessment yang merupakan data kualitatif. Sedangkan angket digunakan untuk mendapatkan data validasi perangkat oleh ahli dan data respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran. Pengembangan prototipe perangkat pembelajaran matematika menggunakan prosedur pengembangan dari Sugiyono, yaitu: potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, ujicoba produk, dan revisi produk. Hasil penelitian adalah prototipe perangkat pembelajaran matematika topik Penjumlahan Pecahan kelas IV SD yang terdiri dari: silabus yang mengakomodasi katakteristik PMRI, RPP yang memuat langkah-langkah PMRI, serta LKS, bahan ajar, dan evaluasi yang memuat masalah kontekstual. Kata Kunci: PMRI, perangkat pembelajaran, penjumlahan pecahan
Penerapan Model Guided Discovery Learning Dengan Mind Mapping Untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Mahasiswa
Authors: Putri Alfiani Athma , Susanti Reni Dwi , Dintarini Mayang
Published: July 2020

The aim of this research is to describe the application of guided discovery learning model with mind mapping that could increase students creativity in compiling the thesis proposal. The approach of this research is descriptive qualitative with the research subjects are 3rd-grade students of Mathematics study program of UMM that taking the Research Methodology course.            The steps of this research are planning, implementation, analysis, and evaluation respectively. The Guided discovery Model Learning with Mind Mapping is applied at the implementation stage, where students are required to develop research proposals based on guided discovery learning steps, that is (1) provision of stimuli, (2) problem identification, (3) completion data, (4) data processing, (5) verification, and (6) generalizations, which have been compiled in textbooks of Research Methodology courses. The results of this research found that students have difficulties in determining the topic of research, the reference, and the types of research and instruments to be used.Keywords: guided discovery learning, mind mapping, creativityKeywords: guided discovery learning, mind mapping, creativity
Penerapan Multimetode Berbasis Matriks Pada Seleksi Penerimaan Calon Asisten Labor
Authors: Rahimullaily Rahimullaily , Maltaf Lakry
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe survey was conducted in the Computer Laboratory of Information System of STMIK Indonesia of Padang. The Head of Laboratory determined some criteria in selecting of acceptance of labor assistant candidate. These criteria were the Candidate Application Form (FPC), the Competitive Achievement Index (GPA), the test score, the English test score, and the interview results. The head of the laboratory performed the process of calculating the criteria value by summing the value of each criterion in deciding who was accepted as a labor assistant. Who has the highest number of criteria, then he/she was selected as a laboratory assistant. This allows occurring the less ideal decision because of the basis of decision-making based on calculations not using special calculation method yet to decision making. Therefore, the researcher performed the process of calculating of the criteria value by using a matrix-based calculation method that was Simple Additive Weighting  (SAW) method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results of this study are expected to assist the Head of Labor in deciding the laboratory assistant based on the standard calculation as decision making. Keyword: SAW, AHP, Labor Assistant Candidate
Analisis Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa Dengan Gaya Belajar Kompetitif
Authors: Purwati Heni , Wuri Dhian Endah
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the communication skills of students of SMP Eka Sakti Semarang who have a competitive learning style. The type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques using test methods and interviews. The subjects consist of 2 grade VII students who have a competitive learning style. The data validity technique uses source triangulation. The results showed that both subjects showed the same mathematical communication ability indicators: 1) were less able to express mathematical ideas through oral, written, and demonstrated and visualized; 2) able to understand, interpret and evaluate mathematical ideas either orally, or in visual form; and 3) able to use terms - mathematical notations through oral, written, and interpreting and visualizing. These results show that they understand the problems faced but are not accustomed to writing them coherently, this is due to the aggressiveness of students with competitive learning styles more motivate them to complete the job quickly and correctly rather than following the procedure. Keywords: mathematical communication, learning style
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berfikir Logis Matematis Mahasiswa Papua Dalam Pemecahan Masalah Luas Daerah Di Bawah Kurva Normal
Authors: Wiyanti Wiwik
Published: July 2020

To improve the logical thinking ability of Papuan students, this research was conducted. The material subject of this research is how to solve the wide of the area under the normal curve.  The subject of the research is Papuan students in Class of Statistika Dasar in Mathematics Education major in STKIP Surya Tangerang 2016/2017 academic year. The methods of this research are Qualitative. Data had collected with Test and interview and to data analysis was using Descriptive Qualitative. The design of this research used Action Research.  The result showed that 1) Students with the high math problem-solving skill the area under the normal curve have been able to think coherently, as well as could completion of the work in consecutively and correctly. 2) Students with the math problem-solving ability, have been able to think coherently already did the problem in order, but still make errors in final calculation, because careless. 3) Students with low ability in math problem solving, have been able to think coherently already do the problem in order, but there was still a lot of mistake calculations in basic calculations like a division of integer, and as well as the final calculations. Kata Kunci: action, logical, thinking, curve, normal