bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
S Parameter Computation and Their Use for Electromagnetic Energy Wireless Transmission
Authors: Stanculescu Marilena , Iordache Mihai , Niculae Dragos Niculae , Iordache Lavinia , Bucata Victor
Published: May 2018

This paper present the correct way of defining S parameters, based on linear electrical circuits, and the practical use of these parameters in obtaining efficient processes for transmitting the information and of the electromagnetic energy wireless transfer from emitter-receiver signal transmission point of view. Here are presented, also, two procedures for calculating these parameters, one based on modified nodal analyses, the second one based on state equations method. S parameters generation algorithm has the same structure for both computation procedures. The computation procedures for S parameters use the most advanced analogue circuit simulation programs, such as: Cadence, Advances Design System, Ansoft Extractor Q3D, Feko, ECAP, SYSEG etc. Finally, there are presented a few illustrative examples that certify the validity of the used computation procedures.
AN IMPLEMENTATION OF LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHM IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kamboj Sheenam , Ghumman Mr. Navtej Singh
Published: May 2018

Cloud Computing is an emerging computing paradigm. It aims to share data, calculations, and service transparently overascalable network of nodes. Since Cloud computing stores the data and disseminated resources in the openenvironment.So, the amount of data storage increases quickly. As we know that a cloud is the collection of many nodes,which can support various types of application that is used by the clients on a basis of pay per use. Therefore, the system,which is incurring a cost for the user should function smoothly and should have algorithms that can continue the propersystem functioning even at peak usage. In this paper, a load balancing algorithm has been discussed and implemented inCloudSim environment. Multiple number of experiments have been conducted to analyze the results.
The Effect of Facebook on Academic Performance for Undergraduate Students at Charmo University
Authors: M-Saleh Hardi M. , Abdul Zrar Kh. , Ameen Azad Abdullah
Published: May 2018

Facebook occupies an important part of people's time and life due to the recent developments in the field of communication technologies (CT). This paper aims at investigating the Facebook impact (FI) on undergraduate students at Charmo University. Moreover, Facebook also has a great impact on students' life studies at universities. However, in addition to its benefits, Facebook also has some side effects on students' life study. In regard to data collection, an online survey was used in which 15 questions were answered by 100 participants from different faculties at Charmo University. The data collection process was conducted from First of March to 30 of April 2016. The program of SPSS was used to analyze the results of the survey. The results of the current study shows that students spend a significant amount of their times on using Facebook.
A review on the Detection of Missing Content Queries in FAQ Retrieval Systems
Authors: Thuma Edwin , Lefoane Moemedi , Mosweunyane Gontlafetse
Published: May 2018

When developing an automated FAQ retrieval system, the information supplier constructs question candidates in advance using their own knowledge. Then they answer these question candidates to create question-answer pairs to use in the FAQ retrieval system. However, these question-answer pairs will not always satisfy the usersâ€™ information needs. When there is no relevant questionâ€“answer pair to a usersâ€™ query, such a user may submit various query reformulations browsing over the long results list and may abandon the search before their information need has been satisfied. Such users many never return to use the system again because of the inability of the system to return relevant question-answer pairs to their query. In order to alleviate this, modern automated FAQ retrieval systems use a Missing Content Query (MCQ) detection subsystem to detect those queries that do not have the relevant questionâ€“answer pair. In this article we conduct a review of the different approaches proposed in the literature for detecting these MCQs. In particular, we provide a comprehensive review of the different systems that deployed the binary classification approach, the thresholding approach and the hybrid approach in the detection of MCQs. Moreover, we describe the strength and weaknesses of each approach.
A REVIEW ON A HYBRID APPROACH USING MOBILE SINK AND FUZZY LOGIC FOR REGION BASED CLUSTERING IN WSN
Authors: Kaur Amneet , Kaur Harpreet
Published: May 2018

A Wireless Sensor Network or WSN is supposed to be made up of a large number of sensors and at least one base station. The sensors are autonomous small devices with several constraints like the battery power, computation capacity, communication range and memory. They also are supplied with transceivers to gather information from its environment and pass it on up to a certain base station, where the measured parameters can be stored and available for the end user. In most cases, the sensors forming these networks are deployed randomly and left unattended to and are expected to perform their mission properly and efficiently. As a result of this random deployment, the WSN has usually varying degrees of node density along its area. Sensor networks are also energy constrained since the individual sensors, which the network is formed with, are extremely energy-constrained as well. Wireless sensor networks have become increasingly popular due to their wide range of application. Clustering sensor nodes organizing them hierarchically have proven to be an effective method to provide better data aggregation and scalability for the sensor network while conserving limited energy. Minimizing the energy consumption of a wireless sensor network application is crucial for effective realization of the intended application in terms of cost, lifetime, and functionality. However, the minimizing task is hardly possible as no overall energy cost function is available for optimization.
A REVIEW ON A SECURITY MECHANISM IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Kaler Navdeep
Published: May 2018

Cloud computing is a way to increase the capacity or add capabilities dynamically without investing in new infrastructure, training new personnel, or licensing new software. As information exchange plays an important role in todayâ€™s life, information security becomes more important. This paper is focused on the security issues of cloud computing and techniques to overcome the data security issue. Before analyzing the security issues, the definition of cloud computing and brief discussion to under cloud computing is presented. The various components that affect the security of the cloud and the problems faced by cloud service provider have been discussed in this paper.
A New Approach to Solve Mixed Constraint Transportation Problem Under Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Joshi Nidhi , Chauhan (Gonder) Surjeet Singh , Raja Raghu
Published: May 2018

The present paper attempts to obtain the optimal solution for the fuzzy transportation problem with mixed constraints. In this paper, authors have proposed a new innovative approach for obtaining the optimal solution of mixed constraint fuzzy transportation problem. The method is illustrated using a numerical example and the logical steps are highlighted using a simple flowchart. As maximum transportation problems in real life have mixed constraints and these problems cannot be truly solved using general methods, so the proposed method can be applied for solving such mixed constraint fuzzy transportation problems to obtain the best optimal solutions.
ENHANCED DYNAMIC RESOURCE ALLOCATION SCHEME BASED ON PACKAGE LEVEL ACCESS IN CLOUD COMPUTING
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Singh Dr. Rajinder
Published: May 2018

Cloud computing is distributed computing, storing, sharing and accessing data over the Internet. It provides a pool of shared resources to the users available on the basis of pay as you go service that means users pay only for those services which are used by him according to their access times. This research work deals with the balancing of work load in cloud environment. Load balancing is one of the essential factors to enhance the working performance of the cloud service provider. It would consume a lot of cost to maintain load information, since the system is too huge to timely disperse load. Load balancing is one of the main challenges in cloud computing which is required to distribute the dynamic workload across multiple nodes to ensure that no single node is overwhelmed. It helps in optimal utilization of resources and hence in enhancing the performance of the system. We propose an improved load balancing algorithm for job scheduling in the cloud environment using load distribution table in which the current status, current package, VM Capacity and the number of cloudlets submitted to each and every virtual machine will be stored. Submit the job of the user to the datacenter broker. Data center broker will first find the suitable Vm according to the requirements of the cloudlet and will match and find the most suitable Vm according to its availability or the machine with least load in the distribution table. Multiple number of experiments have been conducted by taking different configurations of cloudlets and virtual machine. Various parameters like waiting time, execution time, turnaround time and the usage cost have been computed inside the cloudsim environment to demonstrate the results. The main contributions of the research work is to balance the entire system load while trying to minimize the make span of a given set of jobs. Compared with the other job scheduling algorithms, the improved load balancing algorithm can outperform them according to the experimental results.
REGION BASED CLUSTERING FOR DATA COLLECTION IN WSN
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Kumar Dinesh
Published: May 2018

The lower cost and easier installation of the WSNs than the wired counterpart pushes industry and academia to pay more attention to this promising technology. Large scale networks of small energy-constrained sensor nodes require techniques and protocols which are scalable, robust, and energy-efficient. The most efficient approach provided by clustering the nodes is hierarchy. The one node will send the data to another node and the another node will send to its neightbouring node. In smart cities, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) act as a type of core infrastructure that collects data from the city to implement smart services. Our thesis work included the region based clustering, cluster head selection and energy efficient communication using static base station and movable mobile nodes. Since it was earlier proposed that clustering improves the network lifetime. We modified the region based clustering by dividing the network area into n regions with cluster head chosen for each region and proposed a new method for cluster head selection having less computational complexity. It was also found that the modified approach has improved performance to that of the other clustering approaches. We have used the mobile nodes for each section with controlled trajectory path as a reference to compare the performance of each of the clustering methods.
A NOVEL APPROACH OF TASK CLASSIFICATION AND VM SKEWNESS IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kaur Sukhbhinder , Ghumman Mr. Navtej Singh
Published: May 2018

Cloud Computing is a technology that provides a platform for sharing of resources such as software, infrastructure, application and other information. Cloud Computing is being used widely all over the world, as it provides benefits to the users like cost saving and ease of use. The research work focuses on the study of task scheduling mechanism in cloud. The main goal is to reduce the power consumption by datacenters. Energy efficient scheduling of workload help to reduce the consumption of energy in datacenters thus helps in better usage of resources. An improved power saving algorithm is proposed by combining the task classification along with VM skewness algorithm with different scaling options. Skewness is used to quantify the unevenness in utilization of multiple resources on the server. Our purposed algorithm calculate the skewness factor of all Virtual Machines and based upon its value. The proposed approach is performing and shows a decrease in response time, waiting time, processing cost and overall electrical power consumed. The study can be further extended by applying the proposed algorithm on actual Cloud Computing environment and we can also integrate various energy saving technologies into data centers to reduce energy consumption.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN OTP BASED DATA SECURITY MODEL INCOPERATING AES AND SHA2 IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Kaler Navdeep
Published: May 2018

Cloud computing has revolutionized the way computing and software services are delivered to the clients on demand. It offers users the ability to connect to computing resources and access IT managed services with a previously unknown level of ease. Thus, security concerns among users of the cloud have become a major barrier to the widespread growth of cloud computing. In this research work, we have used the 3 step security mechanism for the keeping the data secure at the cloud. We have implemented the strong authentication mechanism using AES encrypted OTP and enhanced the security of data using Cloud Broker and AES. When you log on to your machine and then try to access a resource, say a file server or database, something needs to assure that your username and password are valid. With sensitive data stored in the cloud of the different users, we need a strong authentication mechanism along with OTP. Data breaches because of no/weak authentication. Afterwards we have verified the integrity of data stored at cloud provider using SHA2. Multiple parameters like processing time, processing cost, AES encryption time, OTP generation and encryption time have been calculated and analyzed. We have been able to enhance the security by optimizing the processing time as well as processing cost. After implementing the proposed methodology, it has been summarized that the cloud security can be enhanced by applying the proposed mechanism. The proposed system has reduced the complexity, processing cost which increases the overall efficiency of the system.
Integration of GPS with Digital devices and Interactive objects for public safety.
Authors: Mohamed Gar Al-nabi Ibrahim , Althobiani Fisal Wahiss
Published: May 2018

Abstract:            

The paper demonstrated the role of GPS technology in law enforcement and public safety application areas. It presents the design, implementation, testing and verification of a simple, cheap, full proof energy source, user friendly and portable GPS-technology based safety system. The system, called â€œCARE systemâ€ was based on the open data sources and very cheap electronic chips available off the shelf at affordable prices. This proposed system is capable of providing a push button emergency help from different bodies assumed responsible for responding simultaneously by sending an SMS message containing the full information of the emergency location. Typical contents of this message are, the emergency geographic location, the system number, time and the link for displaying the location on an internet interactive map. The system can be fixed on the wall or a fixed stand or table near a patient or disable person. It will be portable to provide service to the moving system user. This is useful for emergencies in general and abduction for ransom and abuse emergencies in particular and demonstrates the system excellent role in law enforcement and public safety areas. The global positioning unit (GPS) integrated in the system provides the location of the user in the form of geographic coordinates, with exact UTC time. All the information delivered to the contacted bodies will be automatically updated whenever the user presses the master button or the contacted body dials the system number. This is facilitated by the GPS unit which receives the coordinates from the satellites for each and every second with time and date. This also, facilitates the moving victim tracking. The system is an excellent contribution to the quality of life improvement for humans in general and old men, women and children in particular.
A METRICS BASED APPROACH TO ANALYSE WEB USAGE PATTERN
Authors: Singh Sukhjinder , Makkar Amit , Singh Navneet
Published: May 2018

Web metrics are established goals and standards for measuring website performance. Web Analytics can be used to analyze and statistically process user and customer behavior. Web Analytics especially refers to the use of data collected from a Website to determine which aspects of the Website work towards the business objectives. This paper provides a web metrics based approach that can be used to analyze and improve web usage pattern. We define a set of 15 web metrics that can play an important role in understanding web visitors behavior and provide suggestion how these metrics can help in making a website more popular. We describe the approach by considering a case study of the website gndu.ac.in for the data collected over a period of five months.
An Alternate Algorithm for (3x3) Median Filtering of Digital Images
Authors: Singh Satinderjit
Published: May 2018

Median filtering is a commonly used technique in image processing. The main problem of the median filter is its high computational cost (for sorting N pixels, the temporal complexity is O(NÂ·log N), even with the most efficient sorting algorithms). When the median filter must be carried out in real time, the software implementation in general-purpose processorsdoes not usually give good results. This Paper presents an efficient algorithm for median filtering with a 3x3 filter kernel with only about 9 comparisons per pixel using spatial coherence between neighboring filter computations. The basic algorithm calculates two medians in one step and reuses sorted slices of three vertical neighboring pixels. An extension of this algorithm for 2D spatial coherence is also examined, which calculates four medians per step.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STATIC METRICS OF PROCEDURAL AND OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Authors: Sharma Manik , Sharma Chandni , Bhardwaj Ankur , Singh Navpreet , Singh Lakhbir
Published: May 2018

The goal of this study is to compute and analyze an assortmentof static software metrics for different programming methods ortechniques. Software engineering is branch of Computer Sciencethat deals with an effective development and analysis ofsoftware product. Software engineering provides the concept ofmetrics with the help of which the complete investigation ofcode can be done in static or in dynamic way. The staticmetrics helps in measuring the effectiveness of code withoutexecuting the actual program. In this study the focus is given onanalyzing the different programming methods like function,constructor, overloading and virtual functions.
AN OVERVIEW OF CLOUD TESTING AS A SERVICE
Authors: Parmar Amandeep Kaur , Singh Navjeet , Singh Dr. Gurdev
Published: May 2018

Testing is an important process for software quality assurance. A cloud infrastructure creates significant new opportunities for software quality assurance and testing. Making the test infrastructure that directly represents the production cloud infrastructure is too expensive â€“ in terms of hardware, software licenses and testing professionals. To deal with this challenge the paper gives an overview of various cloud testing strategies and also introduces â€˜Testing as a Serviceâ€™, using Cloud computing.
EVALUATION OF BITMAP INDEX USING PROTOTYPE DATA WAREHOUSE
Authors: Hamad Murtadha M. , Raheem Muhammed Abdul
Published: May 2018

Bitmap indices have become popular access methods for data warehouse applications and decision support systems with large amounts of read-mostly data. This paper could arrive a number of results such as ; Bitmap Index highly improves the performance of Query Answering in Data Warehouses, It highly increases the efficiency of Complex Query processing through using bitwise operations (AND, OR). A prototype of Data Warehouse â€œSTUDENTS DWâ€ has been built according to the conditions of W. Inomn of Data Warehouses. This prototype is built for student's information.
New Aggregation Operator for Triangular Fuzzy Numbers based on the Geometric Means of the Slopes of the L- and R- Membership Functions
Authors: Pandey Manju , Khare Dr. Nilay
Published: May 2018

In recent work authors have proposed four new aggregation operators for triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers based on means of apex angles [1][2][3][4]. Subsequently authors have proposed [5] a new aggregation operator for TFNs based on the arithmetic mean of slopes of the L- and R- membership lines. In this paper the work is extended and a new aggregation operator for TFNs is proposed in which the L- and R- membership function lines of the aggregate TFN have slopes which are the geometric means of the corresponding L- and R- slopes of the individual TFNs. Computation of the aggregate is demonstrated with a numerical example. Corresponding arithmetic and geometric aggregates as well as results from the recent work of the authors on TFN aggregates have also been computed.
IMPLEMENTING A NEW ALGORITHM FOR ANALYSIS OF PROTOCOL EFFICIENCY USING STABILITY AND DELAY TRADEOFF IN MANET
Authors: Shankar Shiva , Sivakumar Dr.B. , Varaprasad Dr.G.
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we present an extensive ns-2.33 simulation basedperformance comparison of four widely known stability-orientedon-demand Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) routingprotocols. Our simulations show that modified Power DSR(PDSR) routes are more stable than existing DSR routes, whichare more stable than DSDV and AODV routes. This also resultsin an increased packet delivery ratio for PDSR in comparison tothat of DSR and DSDV. On the other hand, based on the energyconsumed per packet and the average energy used per node,DSR is better than DSDV, which is better than PDSR. At lownetwork density and mobility, PDSR routes incur the lowestdelay and as the network density and node mobility increases,DSR incurs lower delay. Thus, we see a stability-delay-energyconsumption tradeoff among these three stability-orientedrouting protocols. Regarding the fairness of node usage, weobserve that routes get distributed more evenly with increase inthe node mobility and network density. But, still there is anappreciable variation in the energy consumption per node asonly the chain of nodes that form stable routes are exhausted to agreater extent. A routing protocol that incurs fewer transitionswill lose fewer data packets, create less routing overhead andalso maintain in-order data delivery. At the same time, bystaying with a long-lived route, the routing protocol may incur alonger end-to-end delay. We intend to explore this tradeoffbetween stability and delay and try to come with up a metric thatwould quantify the efficiency of a MANET routing protocolwith respect to both stability and delay. On these lines, weintroduce the idea of Stability-Delay Tradeoff (SDT) as ameasure of the efficiency of a MANET routing protocols.
Cloud Computing: An Internet Based Computing
Authors: Singh Hardeep
Published: May 2018

Present paper focuses on the overview of Cloud Computing. Cloud Computing is an Internet-based computing; where resources, software and information are provided to computers on-demand, like a public utility; is emerging as a platform for sharing resources like infrastructure, software and various applications. This paper does a literature survey on some of the prominent applications of Cloud Computing, and how they meet the requirements of reliability, availability of data, scalability of software and hardware systems and overall customer satisfaction.
WATERMARKING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Dan Man Kan , Meyappan Dr. T.
Published: May 2018

Embedding a hidden stream of bits in a file is called Digital watermarking. The file could be an image, audio, video or text. Nowadays, a digital watermarking has many applications such as broadcast monitoring, owner identification, proof of ownership, transaction tracking, content authentication, copy control, device control and file reconstruction. It is intended to complement cryptographic processes. It is a visible or preferably invisible, identification code that is permanently embedded in the data and remains present within the data after any decryption process. The focus of this paper will detail digital watermarking for multimedia applications and covered by definition of digital watermarking, purpose, techniques and types of watermarking attacks briefly discussed.
Path Mechanism to reduce packet data loss in Wireless Mesh Networks
Authors: Singh Rajinder , Bhalla Er. Nidhi
Published: May 2018

A wireless mesh network (WMN) is a communicationnetwork made up of radio nodes organized in a meshtopology. Wireless mesh network often consists of meshclients, mesh routers and gateways. A wireless Mesh networkuses multi-hop communication. Due to multi-hop architectureand wireless nature, Mesh networks are vulnerable to varioustypes of Denial of Services attack. It suffers from Packetdropping at Routing layer. Client nodes are unable to getservices from gateway nodes, hence network gets down. ThePaper emphasis on the developing of a path protocol when theminimun possible packet dropp occurs in wireless meshnetworks. Due to packet droping occurrences the networkperformance degrades. In the work, we have evaluated thePerformance of WMN under packet dropping on the basis oftheir throughput and Data packet loss.
A tool for prototyping a precision GPS system
Authors: Acosta HÃ©ctor Nelson , Toloza Juan Manuel
Published: May 2018

The GPS allows locating an object in any part of the World with a certain degree of accuracy. Some precision activities need to operate with a sub-metric level of accuracy. This paper introduces a data analysis tool to process the GPS information, by applying filters and algorithms to obtain a more precise position. The experimental results can achieve a positional accuracy of Â± 1.00 meter.Â
A New Model of the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks in Pure Water Communications
Authors: Elleithy Abdelrahman , Liu Gonhsin , Elrashidi Ali
Published: May 2018

Abstractâ€”In this paper we present an a new model for thelifetime of wireless sensor networks used for underwatercommunications in pure water. The new model for powercommunications takes into consideration parameters such aspower consumption for the active mode, power consumption forthe sleep mode, power consumption for the transient mode,transmission period, transient mode duration, sleep modeduration, and active mode duration. The power communicationsmodel is incorporated in the life time model of wireless sensornetworks. The life time model takes into consideration severalparameters such as the total number of sensors, network size,percentage of sink nodes, location of sensors, the mobility ofsensors, power consumption when nodes move and the powerconsumption of communications. The new model for powerconsumption in communications shows more accurate resultsabout the lifetime of the sensor network in comparison withpreviously published results.
RSA Algorithm achievement with Federal information processing Signature for Data protection in Cloud Computing
Authors: Patial Abhishek , Behal Sunny
Published: May 2018

Cloud computing presents IT organizations with a fundaÂ­mentally different model of operation, one that takes advantage of the maturity of web applications and networks and the rising interoperability of computing systems to provide IT services. Data security is becoming a core problem in cloud computing, there are some kind of solution that are provide some security with model, some technology. In this paper is attempt to secure data from unauthorized access, the Method of data security is RSA algorithm for providing data security by encrypting the given data based on the KEY combinations. And this data then can only be decrypted by authorized person by using his private key. For the same purpose Google application cloud has been implemented on IJCT Foundation, all data has of IJCT Foundation sifted to Google cloud and RSA security algorithm is implemented by us for secure data.
Performance Evaluation of Ciphers Using CRYPTOOL 2.0
Authors: Kaur Kulwinder
Published: May 2018

Cryptography is an emerging technology, which is important for network security. Research on cryptography is still in its developing stages and considerable research effort is required. This paper includes the complete step by step implementation of advance encryption technique, i.e. encrypting and decrypting 128 bit data using the AES and its modification for enhanced reliability and security. The encryption process consists of the combination of various classical techniques such as substitution, rearrangement and transformation encoding technique. The encryption and decryption module include the key expansion module which generates the key for all iterations. The modification includes the addition of an arithmetic operation and a route transposition cipher in the attacks iterative rounds. The key expansion module is extended to double the number of iterative rounds in order to increase its immunity against unauthorized attacks.
Diagnosis of Dynamic Topology MANETs in Faulty Environment
Authors: Singh Kanwarpal , Kaur Sumeet , Chawla Er. Rishma
Published: May 2018

In this paper we describe here the diagnosis the dynamic topology in a faulty environment. In this paper we have optimize that type of network in which less nodes are used to reach source to destination so that data loss are reduced. we have compare the dataÂ  loss after optimize the new path to reach the source to destination. In dynamic topology nodes are free to move randomly. Mobile stations from an arbitrary topology.
An Effective Approach to Contention Based Bandwidth Request Mechanism in WiMAX Networks
Authors: Panchal Sonia , Pal Satinder
Published: May 2018

In this paper the IEEE 802.16 standard based Mobile WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) system is investigated for the purpose of Quality of Service provisioning. As a potential solution, scheduling algorithms have been taken into major concern. Within the pool of scheduling algorithms and for the purpose Contention based bandwidth request resolution, the Modified Contention Based BW Resolution algorithm (MCB-BWR-Scheme) is proposed. Supported by the fact that the standard does not emphasize a specific scheduling algorithm for contention period based services, therefore, the choice of the scheduling algorithm for the WiMAX systems is very important. There are several scheduling algorithms for WiMAX in the literature, however, studies show that an efficient, fair and robust scheduling algorithm for WiMAX systems is still an open research area and hence a well thought out algorithm will be of great contribution to the area under investigation. Results from the OPNET Modeler simulation program show that the adjusted algorithm works well with delay and throughput constraints. It is also in consistent with the quality of service demands of the video and voice traffic.
In Search of a Better Heuristic Algorithm for Simplification of Switching Function - A Challenge to ESPRESSO
Authors: Guha Subhajit , Mitra Uma , Dey Pinki , Sen Sarma Samar
Published: May 2018

Finding minimum cost switching function is a n intractable problem. The number of prime implicant of a typical switching function is of the order of 3n [5][13]. When fitness function with respect to cost is the only goal, the existing algorithms require faces combinatorial explosion [20]. The allurement of approximation and heuristic algorithms in this area has already generated ESPRESSO algorithm. We find that our algorithm presented here is at least equal or more cost effective than the ESPRESSO algorithm. The paper shows a new approach for attainment of our claim. We hope the algorithm presented here is a new attachment to the existing state of the art technology.
Software Quality
Authors: Kaur Sukhvir
Published: May 2018

In the given paper I present the information regarding quality metrics. Different quality factors can be imposing with relation to cost, schedule and rework. Itâ€™s very important to make quality assurance plans. For that you have to cover many milestones which can be represented in time sheets. The main characteristics of the quality models have covered in this paper
Review of Various SEO Techniques for Websites
Authors: Singh Manraj , Singh Harmanjit
Published: May 2018

Advancement of e-commerce which includes buying and selling of products or services over the Internet has revolutionized the way a Business is done. Now consumers are becoming more comfortable buying and selling products over Internet rather than in a physical market(s).  This new trend has started a cut throat competition among the websites of various business owners. There was a time when every businessman required a descent looking website and thatâ€™s it, nothing else was required. But now things have changed. Now a businessman not only requires a good looking user friendly website, but also needs to get Website(s) optimized for search engines also. This is a review paper on the various SEO Techniques that can be used by webmasters to improve websiteâ€™s visibility in search results and improve traffic to the website.
Di-Diphone Arabic Speech Synthesis Concatenation
Authors: Chabchoub Abdelkader , Alahmadi Salah , Cherif Adnan , Barkouti Wahid
Published: May 2018

This work describes the new Arabic Text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis system. This system based on di-Diphone concatenation with TD-PSOLA modifier synthesizer. The quality of a synthesized speech is improved by analyzing the spectrum features of voice source in various F0 ranges and timbres in detail and new unites concatenation. It generates speech synthesis based on analysis and estimation of formant by classifying the voice source into different types. The developed model enhances the quality of the naturalness, and the intelligibility of speech synthesis in various speaking environment.
COMPACT CPW FED ANTENNA HAVING DUAL AND INVERTED BEAKER SHAPED FOR WLAN/WIMAX OPERATIONS
Authors: Sheokand Jyoti , Parkash Davinder
Published: May 2018

In recent years, great interest is focused on microstrip antennas for their small volumes, low profiles, good integration, low costs and good performance. With the continuous growth of wireless and mobile communication service and the constant miniaturization of communication equipment, there are higher demands for the volume of antennas, integration and working band. This paper presents a basic rectangular shaped microstrip patch antenna for wireless communications system which is suitable for 4.54 GHz to 5.632 GHz band operations. These systems may include upper higher bands of WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) and wireless local-area network (WLAN). A rectangular ring slot is cut and double T shape along with one inverted beaker slot is embedded into it. Besides that, in the inverted beaker shape, similar shape slot is cut. This design has several advantages such as compact size, omnidirectional radiation pattern etc. which all are studied. The results confirm good performance of the single and multiband antenna design.
IMPLEMENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF FIR FILTER USING TMS 320C6713 DSK
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Verma Munish , Lamba Vijay K. , Kumar Susheel , Mehta Avinash
Published: May 2018

In most of the applications, analog signals are produced in response to some physical phenomenon or activity. But it is quite difficult to process that analog signal; here comes the need to convert an analog signal to a digital signal. For this purpose specific digital signal processors (DSPâ€™s) are developed. TMS 320C6713 is one of such type of processors that can be used to process or handle the signals in a variety of ways. In the current report, basically the architecture of this processor is studied. Along with the processor architecture, the hardware portion DSK (Digital Starter Kit) and the software portion CCS (Code Composer Studio) is also studied. Digital filters are very commonly found in everyday life and include a variety of applications. Mainly they are used for two major purposes: signal separation and signal restoration. Signal separation is needed when a signal has been contaminated with interference, noise, or other signals. Signal restoration is used when a signal has been distorted in some way. So, various programs have been analyzed in this work to implement efficiently those FIR filter structures on TMS 320C6713 DSK. Characteristics of FIR filters are studied in frequency domain.
Novel Approach for Frequent Pattern Algorithm for Maximizing Frequent Patterns in Effective Time
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Manoria Dr. Manish
Published: May 2018

The essential aspect of mining association rules is to mine the frequent patterns. Due to native difficulty it is impossible to mine complete frequent patterns from a dense database. FP-growth algorithm has been implemented using an Array-based structure, known as the FP-tree,which is for storing compressed frequency information. Numerous experimental results have demonstrated that the algorithm performs extremely well. But in FP-growth algorithm, two traversals of FP-tree are needed for constructing the new conditional FP-tree. In this paper we present a novel Array Based Without Scanning Frequent Pattern (ABWSFP) tree technique that greatly reduces the need to traverse FP-trees, thus obtaining significantly improved performance for FP-tree based algorithms. The technique works especially well for large datasets. We then present a new algorithm which use the QFP-tree data structure in combination with the FP Tree- Experimental results show that the new algorithm outperform other algorithm in not only the speed of algorithms, but also their CPU consumption and their scalability.
A Review of Classification and Novel Class Detection Technique of Data Streams
Authors: Rai Manish , Pandit Rekha
Published: May 2018

Stream data classification suffered from a problem of infinite length, concept evaluation, feature evaluation and data drift. Data stream labeling is more challenging than label static data because of several unique properties of data streams. Data streams are suppose to have infinite length, which makes it difficult to store and use all the historical data for training. Earlier multi-pass machine learning technique is not directly applied to data streams. Data streams discover concept-drift, which occurs when the discontinue concept of the data changes over time. In order to address concept drift, a classification model must endlessly adapt itself to the most recent concept. Various authors reduce these problem using machine learning approach and feature optimization technique. In this paper we present various method for reducing such problem occurred in stream data classification. Here we also discuss a machine learning technique for feature evaluation process for generation of novel class.
ANALYSIS OF MODIFIED COSH WINDOW FUNCTION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE FIR FILTER DESIGNED USING WINDOWING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Mehta Avinash , Verma Munish , Lamba Vijay K. , Kumar Susheel , Kumar Sandeep
Published: May 2018

Filters are used in electronic circuits to remove the unwanted frequency components from desired signals. A digital filter basically provide high attenuation to the unwanted ones and offer very low or ideally zero attenuation to desired signal components when itâ€™s impulse response is adjusted as per requirement. For ideal filters, the length of such an impulse response is infinite and also the filter will be non-causal and unrealizable. So, we need to truncate this infinite impulse response to make it finite. For this truncation, we use window functions. Using window functions, we obtain a finite impulse response or simply FIR filter. The shape of a window in time domain decides the characteristics of resultant filter in frequency domain. Several window functions are available in literature. For the present work we have choosen the three parameter Cosh window for truncation of infinite impulse response. It is also called as modified Cosh window because it has been obtained byÂ  inserting a third parameter in the basic 2-parameter Cosh window function. The main goal of this work is to study this modified Cosh window and design a digital low pass FIR filter using the same in MATLAB. First of all the properties of window function are described and frequeny domain responses ofÂ  window function is obtained. Then FIR filter is analyzed using window design method and itâ€™s characteristics have also been studied in frequency domain.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EXPONENTIAL WINDOW FUNCTION FOR DESIGNING OF FIR FILTERS
Authors: Kumar Susheel , Verma Munish , Lamba Vijay K. , Kumar Avinash , Kumar Sandeep
Published: May 2018

Filters are very commonly found in everyday life and include examples such as water filters for water purification, mosquito nets that filter out bugs, bouncers at bars filtering the incoming guests according to age (and other criteria), and air filters found in air conditioners that we are sometimes a bit too lazy to change/clean periodically. Filters have two uses: signal separation and signal restoration. Signal separation is needed when a signal has been contaminated with interference, noise, or other signals. For example, imagine a device for measuring the electrical activity of a baby's heart (EKG) while still in the womb. The raw signal will likely be corrupted by the breathing and heartbeat of the mother. A filter might be used to separate these signals so that they can be individually analyzed. Signal restoration is used when a signal has been distorted in some way. For example, an audio recording made with poor equipment may be filtered to better represent the sound as it actually occurred [1, 2]. The main goal of this work is to study the exponential Â window function and analyze a digital low pass FIR filter using the same in MATLAB. Properties of window functions is studied and frequeny domain responses ofÂ  window functions is obtained. Then FIR filter is designed using widow design method and its characteristics have also been studied in frequency domain. The performace comparison between LPFs designed using other well known windows like Kaiser, Exponential, Cosh and modified kaiser window is done and it has been intuitively shown that for a given order and transition width, the filter designed using Exponential window provides the worse minimum stop band attenuation but better far end attenuation than filter designed by well known Kaiser Window.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SECURITY THROUGH SIMPLE SYMMETRIC KEY ALGORITHM BASED ON MODULO 37
Authors: Kuppuswamy Prakash , Q Y Al-Khalidi Dr. Saeed
Published: May 2018

The demand for adequate security to electronic data system grows high over the decades. Security is the one of the biggest concern in different type of networks. Due to diversify nature of network, security breaching became a common issue in different form of networks. Solutions for network security comes with concepts like cryptography in which distribution of keys have been done. Encryption and key generation became a vital tool for preventing the threats to data sharing and tool to preserve the data integrity so we are focusing on security enhancing by enhancing the level of encryption in network. This studyâ€™s main goal is to reflect the importance of security in network and provide the better encryption technique for currently implemented encryption techniques in simple and powerful method. In our research we have proposed a modular 37 and select any number and calculate inverse of the selected integer using modular 37. The symmetric key distribution should be done in the secured manner. Also, we examine the performance of our new SSK algorithm with other existing symmetric key algorithm.
AN APPROACH OF FLOW MEASUREMENT IN SOLAR WATER HEATER USING TURBINE FLOW METER
Authors: Kolhare N. R. , Thorat P. R.
Published: May 2018

boost its use in domestic applications. A Techno-economical system is designed using microcontroller based turbine flow meter to measure flow of water in solar water heater. There is no need of bulky remote electronics system. Here a turbine is inserted in the pipeline which rotates around its axis the speed of this rotation is directly proportional to the rate of flown. To measure the flow electronically through non-contact methodÂ Â  one arm of the turbine can be made of a magnet and a Hall Effect device attached on the outer side of the pipe. The Hall Effect switch would pick up the passage of the magnetic arm and generates a pulse. By counting the number of pulses per second or minute depending on the speed of the turbine and the desired resolution (i.e. multiplication factor) the flow can be calculated.
Secure Dynamic Resource Provisioning Cost by Optimized Placement of Virtual Machines in Cloud Computing
Authors: S Aarthee , R Venkatesan
Published: May 2018

Cloud computing provides pay-as-you-go computing resources and accessing services are offered from data centers all over the world as the cloud. Consumers may find that cloud computing allows them to reduce the cost of information management as they are not required to own their servers and can use capacity leased from third parties or cloud service providers. Cloud consumers can successfully reduce total cost of resource provisioning using Optimal Cloud Resource Provisioning (OCRP) algorithm in cloud computing environment. The two provisioning plans are reservation and on-demand, used for computing resources which is offered by cloud providers to cloud consumers. The cost of utilizing computing resources provisioned by reservation plan is cheaper than that provisioned by on-demand plan, since a cloud consumer has to pay to provider in advance. This project proposes that the OCRP algorithm associated with rule based resource manager technique is used to increase the scalability of cloud on-demand services by dynamic placement of virtual machines to reduce the cost and also endow with secure accessing of resources from data centers and parameters like virtualized platforms, data or service management are monitored in the cloud environment.
A REVIEW ARTICLE OF WATERMARKING
Authors: Kaur Mandeep , Kaur Navneet , Batra Chetan
Published: May 2018

In most of the digital image watermarking schemes, it becomes a common practice to address security in terms of robustness, which is basically a norm in cryptography. Such consideration in developing and evaluation of a watermarking scheme may severely affect the performance and render the scheme ultimately unusable. Watermarking is the process of embedding watermark into an image such that the embedded watermark can be extracted later. Lossy compression attacks in digital watermarking are one of the major issues in digital watermarking. Cheddad et al. proposed a robust secured self-embedding method which is resistant to a certain amount of JPEG compression. Our experimental results show that the self-embedding method is resistant to JPEG compression attacks and not resistant to other lossy compression attacks such as Block Truncation Coding (BTC) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Therefore we improved Cheddad at allâ€™s. Method to give better protection against BTC and SVD compression attacks
IDARP: ID-based Address Resolution Protocol
Authors: Lone Imtiyaz Ahmad , Ali Jahangeer , Lone Kalimullah
Published: May 2018

In this paper, security attacks in ARP are classified and logically organized/represented in a more lucid manner.ARP provides no authentication mechanism to the incoming request packets this is the reason that any client can forge an ARP message contains malicious information to poison theÂ  ARP cache of target host. There are many possible attacks on ARP which can make the communication unsecure such as man-in-the-middle (MITM), Denial of service (DOS) and cloning attack.