bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redes Sociais como Lugares Enviesados de Memória: um discurso coletivo da paralização dos caminhoneiros de 2018
Authors: Sampaio Denise Braga , Lima Izabel França de , Rosa Maria Nilza Barbosa , Oliveira Bernardina Maria Juvenal Freire de
Published: July 2020

Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória cujo objetivo principal é o de descortinar as relações existentes entre memória coletiva e redes sociais, em especial, o Instagram. Os objetivos específicos são verificar as fotografias relacionadas à paralisação dos caminhoneiros (ocorrida em maio 2018) no Instagram do jornal cearense O Povo Online, categorizar essas publicações segundo critérios de forma e conteúdo e verificar as ideias principais enunciadas nas legendas das fotografias das postagens mais curtidas pelos leitores. Para tal apreciação, toma por instrumentos da pesquisa o questionário semiestruturado e as matérias do O Povo Online referentes à paralisação. Os dados levantados no questionário foram sopesados pelo Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e comparados com as publicações do jornal, tendo por resultado que as redes sociais são uma potencial ferramenta de rememoração, no entanto, limitadas graças à sua natureza dinâmica e fluida.
Ciência responsável dos dados: imparcialidade, precisão, confidencialidade, e transparência dos dados
Authors: Andrade Morgana Carneiro , Gonçalez Paula Regina , Berti Junior Decio Wey , Baptista Ana Alice , Coneglian Caio Saraiva
Published: July 2020

Introdução: no contexto Big Data, surge, como necessidade urgente, a aplicação de direitos individuais e empresariais e de normas regulatórias que resguardem a privacidade, a imparcialidade, a precisão e a transparência. Nesse cenário, a Responsible Data Science desponta como uma iniciativa que tem como base as diretrizes FACT, que correspondem à adoção de quatro princípios: imparcialidade, precisão, confidencialidade e transparência. Objetivo: abordar alternativas que podem assegurar a aplicação das diretrizes FACT. Metodologia: foi desenvolvida investigação exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa.  Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados bibliográficas Web of Science, Scopus e pelo motor de busca Scholar Google com a utilização dos termos “Responsible Data Science”, “Fairness, Accuracy, Confidentiality, Transparency + Data Science”, FACT e FAT relacionados com Data Science. Resultados: a Responsible Data Science desponta como uma iniciativa que tem como base as diretrizes FACT, que correspondem à adoção dos princípios: imparcialidade, precisão, confidencialidade e transparência. Para a implementação dessas diretrizes, deve-se considerar o uso de técnicas e abordagens que estão sendo desenvolvidas pela Green Data Science.   Conclusões: concluiu-se que a Green Data Science e as diretrizes FACT contribuem significativamente para a salvaguarda dos direitos individuais, não sendo necessário recorrer a medidas que impeçam o acesso e a reutilização de dados.  Os desafios para implementar as diretrizes FACT requerem estudos, condição sine qua non para que as ferramentas para análise e disseminação dos dados sejam desenvolvidas ainda na fase de concepção de metodologias.
Políticas públicas, bibliotecas escolares e o bibliotecário no contexto da indústria 4.0
Authors: Sala Fabiana , Ottonicar Selma Leticia Capinzaiki , Castro Filho Cláudio Marcondes de
Published: July 2020

Introdução: A Indústria 4.0 ou 4ª Revolução Industrial vem sendo debatida na academia em áreas como a Engenharia e Administração. Essa nova revolução envolve a conexão dos objetos e sistemas ciber-físicos, criando as máquinas inteligentes. Essas tecnologias influenciam nos meios de produção e na vida das pessoas. Por isso, as bibliotecas são organizações que também precisam se adaptar à essas mudanças. Esse estudo é necessário para a Ciência da Informação porque demonstra a relevância da Indústria 4.0 para a área das bibliotecas e exige novo perfil do bibliotecário escolar 4.0. Objetivo: O objetivo do artigo envolve refletir a respeito do contexto da Indústria 4.0, políticas públicas brasileiras sobre Indústria 4.0 e seus impactos no papel e atuação do bibliotecário escolar 4.0. Metodologia: A metodologia é composta por uma revisão bibliográfica sobre Indústria 4.0, bibliotecas escolares, bibliotecário 4.0 e por uma pesquisa documental sobre as políticas públicas nesse contexto. Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que poucos artigos tratam da Indústria 4.0 na Ciência da Informação, por isso é oportunidade de pesquisa para a área. Além disso, os resultados apontam que o bibliotecário escolar 4.0 precisará modificar sua atuação para acompanhar essas mudanças. Conclusões: Como conclusões tem-se que as políticas públicas de Indústria 4.0 e a mudança das organizações exigem novos aprendizados do bibliotecário escolar 4.0, a fim de que a biblioteca escolar apoie os estudantes para que possam melhor se integrarem nesse contexto.
Um olhar dos estudantes do curso de Biblioteconomia acerca do que são dados, informações e conhecimentos
Authors: Moreira Cristiano , Beira Joana Carlos , Oliveira Marlene
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Toda área do conhecimento possui seus termos e conceitos que são empregados para definir determinada ocorrência de um fato ou objeto específico. Devido à proximidade da Ciência da informação, Gestão do conhecimento e Biblioteconomia, alguns termos podem ter definições diferentes para descreverem o mesmo objeto. Objetivo: Sob essa ótica, buscou-se, no presente estudo, elucidar a seguinte inquietação: Quais as percepções dos discentes do curso de Biblioteconomia sobre o que é dado, informação e conhecimento? Metodologia: Para obter resposta a essa indagação, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, que se classifica como descritiva, em que se fez uso de um estudo bibliográfico acerca dos assuntos que norteiam essa temática, bem como da aplicação de um survey a discentes brasileiros e moçambicanos do curso de Biblioteconomia. Resultados: Foram obtidas 58 respostas válidas e, por meio das análises, foi possível verificar que não existe um consenso sobre as definições fornecidas, visto que os entrevistados acreditam que a inexistência de concordância pode vir a prejudicar o desenvolvimento profissional e acadêmico na área. Conclusão: Levando em consideração o quantitativo de respostas, se conclui que existe a necessidade de se realizar uma harmonização sobre alguns termos e conceitos adotados na C.I.
Repositórios arquivísticos digitais confiáveis (RDC-Arq) como plataforma de preservação digital em um ambiente de gestão arquivística
Authors: Gava Tânia Barbosa Salles , Flores Daniel
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Em um ambiente digital houve a necessidade de se repensar a garantia da cadeia de custódia ininterrupta, e como mantê-lo como um lugar de gestão arquivística, preservação permanente, custódia confiável, e como um arquivo permanente digital, motivado pela Lei 8159/91, que coloca como dever público a gestão dos documentos de arquivo, visando a sua eliminação ou recolhimento para guarda permanente. Objetivo: Apresentar os Repositórios Arquivísticos Digitais Confiáveis (RDC-Arq) como uma alternativa para a preservação digital em um ambiente de gestão arquivística, a fim de manter os documentos arquivísticos digitais autênticos e acessíveis a longo prazo. Metodologia: Pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental, tendo como principais fontes documentais e bibliográficas o material resultante das fases do Projeto InterPARES, as normativas do Conselho Nacional de Arquivos e artigos científicos de pesquisadores nacionais e internacionais. Resultados: Apresentação e Discussão dos principais conceitos relacionados aos Repositórios Arquivísticos Digitais Confiáveis tais como repositórios digitais, repositórios arquivísticos digitais, repositórios digitais confiáveis, cadeia de custódia digital arquivística e cadeia de preservação. Conclusões: É necessário olhar para o RDC-Arq, ou seja, para o Arquivo Permanente digital, como o lugar necessário e obrigatório perante a Lei 8159/91 para os documentos históricos/permanentes, e o lugar onde são implementados os referenciais consolidados e atuais de uma Preservação Digital Sistêmica.
Quantitative Study of Factors Associated with Breast Cancer among Women Reporting to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karnataka
Authors: Gonibeedu Venkatesh , Kakileti Vamsi
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Numerous epidemiological studies performed throughout the world have confirmed the role of many risk factors. However, evidence suggests that international variation in the burden of breast cancer reflects differences in the patterns of risk factors. Hence this study is undertaken to assess the risk factors associate with breast cancer in a district in Karnataka.

Method: This is a Case control study to assess the risk factors associated with breast cancer among cases attending radiation unit of Hassan institute of medical sciences during 2019.

Results: There was a significant association of breast cancer with menarche attained at or less than age 13 years (OR=2.43, CI: 1.09-5.4, p<0.029), usage of oral contraceptive (OR=2.04: CI 1.61-2.42; p<0.1), and menopause attained before age 50 (OR=5.2: CI2.2-12.2; p<0.00). Our study also found that for every year increase in age for 1st birth, controls not being diseased decreased by 26% was statistically significant (OR=0.76; CI:0.61-0.89; p<0.002) and for every parity added, controls not being deceased increased by 1.13 time (OR=1.13; CI:0.69-1.8;p<0.6).

Conclusion: District cancer control programme should advice women, to consume non-vegetarian food in moderation, promote physical activity form early age to maintain ideal body mass index.
Transnational Corporations, Natural Resources and Conflict
Authors: Salako Solomon E.
Published: July 2020

Transnational Corporations (TNCs) exploit natural resources, whether renewable as in the case of forests, fisheries and agricultural products or non-renewable as in the case of minerals or petroleum, in developing countries through their subsidiaries. TNCs’ exploitation of forests and acquisition of intellectual property rights in plants and animal breeding, based on the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples developed over millennia, are in conflict with the rights of indigenous peoples to their territories, resources and traditional knowledge. TNCs also profit from conflict by trading natural resources that prolong wars; colluding with repressive governments to pervert political processes within a State; aiding and abetting crimes against humanity; and flagrantly violating human rights. This article explores the areas of conflict outlined above and examines the efficacy of the mechanisms for the control of TNCs whether legally binding or not. It is suggested that the only effective way of making TNCs accountable for their human rights violations and aiding and abetting crimes against humanity is the establishment of an international court with jurisdiction over corporations.
Gamaliel Churata en Argentina. Mapeo de abordajes críticos
Authors: Fleming María Lucila
Published: July 2020

En el presente trabajo realizamos un recorrido por los abordajes críticos que se hicieron sobre la obra de Gamaliel Churata desde Argentina (ya sea en solitario o en los diferentes grupos que conformó). A tal efecto, sistematizamos las propuestas existentes y aquellas que están en proceso de elaboración como también revisamos continuidades, discrepancias y puntos de vista, a fin de elaborar el estado de la cuestión de un campo aún en construcción. Por último, proponemos una alternativa crítica basada en el estudio de las redes, en vistas a reconstruir los vínculos estético-ideológicos entre Puno y diferentes puntos geográficos argentinos durante la primera mitad del siglo XX.
“En los matorrales del ensueño, voy entonando khaswas", el modernismo domesticado de Gamaliel Churata
Authors: Usandizaga Lleonart Helena
Published: July 2020

El trabajo sigue la presencia del modernismo en la obra de Gamaliel Churata, desde sus inicios declaradamente modernistas hasta las últimas obras poéticas, para comprobar que no es regularmente decreciente a partir de El pez de oro (1957): desaparece en Resurrección de los muertos, pero vuelve en obras posteriores como Khirkhilas de la Sirena y otros libros de poemas. Sin embargo, estas formas cambian de significado al abandonar el autor la visión del mundo decadentista en favor de una filosofía andina que niega la muerte a partir de la germinación de la vida. Las formas modernistas sirven de cauce a algunos contenidos que se encuentran en su código, pero sobre todo se hacen autóctonas para crear un insólito encuentro y debate con el pensamiento andino, y son parte de la elaboración del concepto de khaswa, que remite a la nueva escritura andina.
PUBLIC RELATIONS TASKS OF THE CITY IN COMMUNICATING WITH THE RESIDENTS, SENIOR CITIZENS IN TERMS OF THEIR ACTIVATION
Authors: Maćkowska Renata
Published: July 2020

The quality of life of seniors is an important element in the overall assessment of the quality of life of the city residents and its importance increases with the aging of the population. The conscious implementation of standards can provide the city with an opportunity to enrich its image. Potential benefits that can be derived from actions aimed at older residents are evidence of the importance of this issue. They also set out the direction for the development of communication with senior residents and the nature of the initiatives undertaken in this area. The purpose of the article is to present the principles of communication of the city’s self-government with residents – seniors, and the nature of activities aimed at activating the elderly. By presenting areas of public relations activities activating senior citizens - the article attempts to answer the following questions:
1. How can public relations build solutions developed in standards for senior-friendly cities, and do these activities determine the assessment of the city’s attributes?
2. What are public relations tasks in terms of communicating and activating senior citizens?
The result is a preliminary diagnosis of the city’s public relations tasks in relation to residents – seniors who can respond to upcoming challenges
NEGOTIATIONS DETERMINED BY BIG DATA
Authors: Kozina Andrzej
Published: July 2020

The objective of the paper is to present a concept for describing the conditions for socio-economic negotiation processes, resulting from the presence of Big Data. Two basic groups of this kind of conditions were taken into account, i.e. supporting negotiations and hindering their conduct. First, the essence of the phenomenon of Big Data was briefly explained. The subsequent parts of the paper present the considered conditions in cross-section of subsequent aspects of the interpretation of negotiations, i.e. as a process, methods of conflict management and reaching agreement, mutual dependence of the parties and processes of: decision making, communication, mutual exchange and value creation. The summary lists major changes in the negotiation processes caused by Big Data, and also indicates the directions of research enriching the proposed concept.
SHAPING A EUROPEAN PRODUCTION PLATFORM – CASE STUDY
Authors: Kassay Štefan
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the article is to present the concept and practice of implementing the idea regarding the construction and functioning of the European platform for the production process, which is an example of international business. The main efforts associated with the process of creating such a platform focus on spreading the good name of the country abroad. This is possible in connection with increasing the efficiency of enterprises and
bringing the idea of innovation closer to creating a symbiosis of science with production practice. This leads to an increase in the economic strength of the countries involved. The idea of a “common European production platform” was created in the specific conditions of production processes in I.D.C. Holding, S.A. in Slovakia, which has a branch in Poland (I.D.C. Polonia, Krakow). The socio-economic results achieved by the holding over the past quarter-century have influenced the formulation of the question – how and with what assumptions is it possible to create a European production platform. Such a question becomes the main problem that needs to be solved and the question posed
in this article requires an answer related to the development of the following issues:
− company profile;
− business achievements I.D.C;
− basic conditions and ideas of the common platform.
An indication of the possibilities to implement the above is provided in the article.
MOTIVATION AND SATISFACTION OF KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS
Authors: Czajka Zdzisław
Published: July 2020

The article presents a system of motivating teachers in private and public kindergartens, including teachers opinions on the eff ectiveness of this system. It is based on research among teachers in several kindergartens and on the internet. The principles and forms of motivating in private kindergartens are presented against the background of public kindergartens, because teachers compare these principles and expect owners to introduce similar ones as in public. Teacher’s salaries were compared with wages in more than a dozen other professions with similar and lower qualifi cation
requirements and then decisive factors currently at the pay level of diff erent teachers. The following section of the article presents the opinion of teachers on the factors currently most motivating and demoting teachers and assessing the actions of principals in the direction of increasing motivation as well as the level of satisfaction with job in kindergarten. Teachers proposals to change the incentive system in private kindergartens were also presented in this article. Two important conclusions are based on research presenting in article. The range of forms of motivation in private kindergartens is much smaller compared to the public, mainly limited to the monthly salary. Secondly, teachers despite their dissatisfaction with forms of motivation and the level of their salary, are involved in working with children and perform their duties fairly
ONLINE SHOPPING PREFERENCES OF POLISH AND CHINESE CONSUMER – COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Kostrzewska Martyna , Wrukowska Daria Emilia
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the level of satisfaction of e-service customers from Poland and China through identification of gaps between customer expectations and the degree to which such expectations are met by providers of online services. Towards this end the E-Servqual method was employed, which enabled the measurement of customer expectations as to the quality of key aspects of online services relative to the actual degree to which customer expectations were met. This survey shows how respondents perceive the quality of online services and their preferences in this respect. Based on the seven dimensions of the E-Servqual scale, i.e. contact, efficiency, reliability, fulfilment, privacy, responsiveness, compensation, the present author proposed her own measures of e-services quality.
ASSISTED EMPLOYMENT AND SELF-EMLOPYMENT FOR THE PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Sieklicka Monika
Published: July 2020

He aim of this study is to present legal regulations concerning professional activation of disabled people. In the Polish legal system there are various forms of support for professional activation of people with disabilities, starting from taking up employment by a disabled person in a sheltered workplace, hospital, university, offi ce or company run in the form of a sole proprietorship. Professional activation and reduction of unemployment among disabled people remains a challenge. People with disabilities are often isolated in the labour market, which contributes to the deterioration of their living conditions. The problem of professional activation can and should be considered from two perspectives: employment and self-employment. The paper presents various types of instruments that can be used in the process of professional activation of people with disabilities.
A 35-Day Old Infant with COVID-19
Authors: Ekrami Noghabi Mina , Baniasad Amir , Heidari Elaheh , Davoudian Najmeh , Malekzadeh Fatemeh
Published: July 2020

: In late 2019, a novel coronavirus named COVID-19 led to a large outbreak in China and many other countries. A few cases of pneumonia in newborns and infants with COVID-19 infection have been reported. The neonates and infants described as the cases of COVID-19 had been asymptomatic or have had mild symptoms. The target of the current report is a 35-day-old male infant with respiratory distress and cyanosis. The chest x-ray CT images revealed manifestation of lung infection. The upper respiratory sampling was done by pharyngeal swab and the results confirmed the COVID-19 infection. Considering the positive test results and the severity of the respiratory distress, a complex medication treatment was administered. As a result, the symptoms alleviated, and the patient was discharged after complete remission on the 11th day. Although rare cases of COVID-19 infection in infants have been reported, the transmission of disease from affected persons to infants can happen. Therefore, further studies for early diagnosis and management of the COVID-19 in newborns and infants are necessary.
No meio da ontologia havia um vírus: notas acerca de uma abertura cosmopolítica em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Freitas Alexandre Simão de
Published: July 2020

O texto desdobra algumas notas críticas em torno de um experimento ensaístico inspirado na recepção polêmica do posicionamento de vários filósofos acerca da atual situação de pandemia, entrelaçando os temas da geontologia e da virada ontológica. Admite-se, nesse sentido, que a filosofia, ela mesma, tornou-se viral, o que, dentre outras consequências, produz uma abertura cosmopolítica que convoca a filosofia a experimentar uma espécie de mutação de perspectiva, alterando seus modos habituais de lidar com os problemas ontológicos.
O corpo doente: covid-19 e a crise do contrato social
Authors: Menezes Luiz Maurício Bentim da Rocha
Published: July 2020

Na introdução de seu livro Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes elabora uma precisa analogia entre corpos, sendo o Estado um corpo político semelhante ao corpo natural. Para isso, o Estado possuiria uma vida artificial análoga à vida natural que permitiria o seu próprio movimento artificial. Com o surgimento do neoliberalismo no século XX, temos uma intensificação das regras do mercado sobre o poder político, o que levou inevitavelmente a ruptura com o contrato social que garantia direitos para toda população. Aproveitando a pandemia de covid-19, vamos retomar a analogia hobbesiana entre o corpo natural doente e a doença que aflige o corpo político: a sedição.
Confinamento e cuidado: a suspensão no mundo da técnica como condição para a liberdade
Authors: Costa Alex Antônio Rosa
Published: July 2020

Este ensaio pretende analisar a situação atual de confinamento imposta pela pandemia de Covid-19 a partir dos conceitos heideggerianos de técnica, quotidiano e preocupação. Defendemos que o isolamento oferece as condições materiais para que mais pessoas deem atenção a si mesmas e cuidem de se mesmas, do que resulta um deixar-ser tanto a própria liberdade quanto a do outro. Com isso, as possibilidades que somos são encaradas como tais, em especial nosso ser-para-a-morte.
O Panóptico no combate à Covid-19
Authors: Cordeiro Vanessa Kiewel
Published: July 2020

Propomos o uso do Panóptico como a mais eficaz arma no combate a pandemias. Revisamos a literatura e inovamos aplicando-a ao enfrentamento da Covid-19. Dividimos o Panóptico em dois: o Superpanóptico, em toda a sociedade, e o Pós Panóptico Tecnológico, dentro dos hospitais. Sendo, o primeiro, um sistema de vigilância baseado na alta tecnologia que perpassa a tudo e a todos, a todo tempo. E, o segundo, os locais físicos que melhor reproduzem a lógica do Panóptico na contemporaneidade. Da pesquisa de notícias, concluímos que o Panóptico está mais vivo do que nunca e que as nossas propostas teóricas refletem o que já está em funcionamento, tanto na sociedade, quanto nos hospitais. E que seu uso é altamente eficaz porque reduz o número de novas infecções, garante a maior segurança possível a todos, com grande redução de custos e, principalmente, de perdas humanas.
O drone: considerações sobre a vigilância total e a invulnerabilidade
Authors: Kritski Pedro Mateo Bàez , Aymoré Débora de Sá Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

Resenha de: CHAMAYOU, Grégoire. Teoria do drone. Tradução de Célia Euvaldo. São Paulo: Cosac Naify, 2015
Everyone Should Be Fatactivists or Fat-Allies
Authors: Amlund Dina
Published: July 2020

FATPHOBIA IS UBIQUITOUS. FATPHOBIA IS A STRUCTURE IN SOCIETY. AND IT AFFECTS THE LIVES OF FAT PEOPLE IN WAYS THAT ARE DAMAGING TO THEIR HEALTH AND CAN CAUSE MAJOR INEQUITIES. THIS ARTICLE MAPS OUT FATPHOBIA AS EVER PRESENT THROUGH THE HISTORY OF WESTERN CULTURE – NO TIME PERIOD EXCEPTIONS – AND IT EXAMINES A VERY IMPORTANT REPORT FROM THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) CONCERNING THE HEALTH HAZARD AND SOCIAL INEQUITIES CAUSED BY FATPHOBIA. SHAKESPEARE’S FATJOKES AND THE EVER PRESENCE OF SHAPEWEAR AND ALL THE PORTRAITS OF JESUS AS A THIN, WHITE MAN SHOW US 5,000 YEARS OF CULTIVATED FATMISIA. THAT IS WHY WHO HAS WRITTEN A REPORT URGING DOCTORS AND OTHER HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS TO TREAT FAT PATIENTS WITH EMPATHY AND SENSITIVITY LIKE THEY WOULD THIN PATIENTS. IN MAPPING OUT A STRUCTURE THAT DEHUMANISES PEOPLE OF SIZE, I BRING IN A FEW EXAMPLES FROM MY OWN LIFE AS A FAT PERSON AND AS A FATACTIVIST. EXISTING WHILE FAT IN A WORLD THAT HATES FATNESS IS HARD WORK.
Deconstructing Straight Citizenship
Authors: Nyegaard Niels
Published: July 2020

ON NOVEMBER 25 2019, DANISH HISTORIAN NIELS NYEGAARD RECEIVED THE NATIONAL KRAKA AWARD FOR AN OUTSTANDING AND INNOVATIVE CONTRIBUTION TO GENDER RESEARCH IN DENMARK FOR HIS PHD DISSERTATION PERVERSE CRIMINALS AND GOOD CITIZENS: HOMOSEXUALITY, HETERONORMATIVITY AND CITIZENSHIP IN COPENHAGEN’S PUBLIC SPHERE, 1906-11. NYEGAARD DEFENDED HIS DISSERTATION AT AARHUS UNIVERSITY IN THE FALL OF 2018. THE DISSERTATION CONDUCTED A GENEALOGICAL STUDY OF MODERN DANISH CITIZENSHIP’S HETERONORMATIVE FOUNDATIONS IN EARLY-TWENTIETH-CENTURY DENMARK. IN HIS ACCEPTANCE SPEECH, NYEGAARD OUTLINED THE MAJOR CONCLUSIONS FROM HIS DISSERTATION. HE FURTHER PRESENTED ITS FOUCAULDIAN AND QUEER THEORETICAL AXIOMS AND ITS GENEALOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONTEMPORARY DISCUSSIONS ABOUT SEXUAL CITIZENSHIP, HETERONORMATIVITY, HOMONORMATIVITY AND HOMONATIONALISM.
Juridificeringen af amerikansk udenrigspolitik
Authors: Porsdan Helle
Published: July 2020

Der er næppe det politiske spørgsmål i USA, som ikke på et eller andet tidspunkt bliver omdannet til et juridisk spørgsmål, skrev Tocqueville i sin berømte bog Democracy in America. Udviklingen synes at give ham ret.
Valget i Kenya: Hvad gik galt?
Authors: Elklit Jørgen
Published: July 2020

Afslutningen på det seneste valg i Kenya kulminerede i et overraskende og deprimerende voldsorgie. Mange mente, at volden især blev udløst af en kombination af åbenlys forvirring omkring opgørelsen af præsidentvalget og bevidst snyd. Men som så ofte før var virkeligheden betydelig mere kompliceret.
Ghana – et demokratisk lys i Afrika
Authors: Skaaning Sven-Erik
Published: July 2020

Ghana har gennemført en række frie og fair valg, hvoraf det seneste har ledt til et fredeligt og de- mokratisk regeringsskifte. Hvordan lykkes det at være et demokratisk foregangsland?
Et enestående tilfælde
Authors: Udenrigs Redaktion
Published: July 2020

Fra redaktionen
Kosovo – særtilfælde eller ny norm
Authors: Knudsen Tonny Brems
Published: July 2020

Hvad kommer det til at betyde, at en lang række vestlige lande nu har anerkendt Kosovo som en selvstændig stat? Vil det åbne for en flodbølge af suverænitetserklæringer, eller vil Kosovo blive anset for et helt unikt tilfælde?
Nagorno-Karabakh – de facto stat på spring?
Authors: Magnusson Märta-Lisa
Published: July 2020

Facit efter 16 års fredsbestræbelser er status quo. Aserbajdsjans krav om suveræn kontrol med Nagorno-Karabakh og insisteren på respekt for princippet om staternes territoriale integritet har medvirket til at Nagorno-Karabakh ikke er blevet anerkendt som en de jure stat.
Drømmen om et Kurdistan
Authors: Krarup Thure
Published: July 2020

Den kurdiske region har etableret sig som Iraks succeshistorie. Her er sikkerhed, økonomisk vækst og politisk stabilitet, hvilket har givet næring til drømmen om en selvstændig kurdisk stat. Fremtiden for den plagede kurdiske befolkningsgruppe er dog langt fra sikker i et Irak, hvor hensynet til kurderne meget vel kan drukne i landets politiske kaos og storpolitiske overvejelser.
Medvedjevs Rusland?
Authors: Skak Mette
Published: July 2020

Præsidentvalget var den mindste hurdle for Medvedjev på hans vej til at blive Ruslands mæg- tigste mand. Spørgsmålet er om han får lov til at udøve den magt, som forfatningen tildeler ham.
Glimt fra kulturrevolutionen i Irans gader
Authors: Sperling Vibeke
Published: July 2020

Vibeke Sperlings dagbog fra 11 dage i Iran.
En samtale om lov og ret i I.R. Iran
Authors: Tamm Ditlev
Published: July 2020

Ditlev Tamm om islamiske republikker og hvorfor det er vigtigt at forstå dette, for at forstå Iran.
Iransk atomvåben tages nu for givet
Authors: Jerichow Anders
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Andet kvartal 2009
Authors: Jerichow Anders
Published: July 2020

Danmarks stemme
Den nye middelklasse er drivkraften i Kina
Authors: Gaarden Hugo
Published: July 2020

De 100-200 millioner mennesker i den nye mid- delklasse er den økonomiske drivkraft i Kina, men de udgør også et historisk eksperiment i samfundsudviklingen, og det kan få stor betydning for resten af verden.
Polens syn på NATO, EU og Rusland
Authors: Sikorski Radoslaw
Published: July 2020

Ifølge Polens udenrigsminister er en af de vigtigste udenrigspolitiske opgaver at sikre balancen mellem de europæiske og de transatlantiske sikkerhedsdimensioner.
Fremtiden for Iraks arabiske sunnimuslimer
Authors: Nielsen Helle Lykke
Published: July 2020

Iraks sunnimuslimer har om nogen måttet betale prisen for krigen i Irak. Efter i flere hundrede år at have tilhørt Iraks magtelite mistede de i 2003 deres magtposition og blev reduceret til en blandt flere minoriteter i Irak. Hvordan er det gået dem siden Saddamstyrets fald, og hvordan tegner frem- tiden sig for dem?
Tyrkiet er ved at tø op
Authors: Rojan Pola
Published: July 2020

Pola Rojan gør status på Tyrkiet 20 år efter Murens fald.
Obamas svære efterår
Authors: Ehrenreich Michael
Published: July 2020

Michael Ehrenreich om betydningen af Obamas sundhedsreform ambitioner.
Kina: Verdensøkonomiens nye omdrejningspunkt
Authors: Gaarden Hugo
Published: July 2020

Hugo Gaarden skriver om Kinas økonomiske sejr i en verden ramt af en finanskrise.
Marokko – jubilæum uden jubel
Authors: Pruzan-Jørgensen Julie
Published: July 2020

Julie Pruzan-Jørgensen gør status for 10-års jubilæum for kong Mohammed VI og hvad det betyder for et marrokansk demokrati.
USA’s overraskende valg
Authors: Udenrigs Redaktion
Published: July 2020

Fra redaktionen
Vicepræsidentposten i amerikansk politik
Authors: Fuglede Mads
Published: July 2020

Med John McCains valg af Sarah Palin er vicepræsidentposten kommet på alles læber. Men hvor vigtig er den post egentlig? Havde Benjamin Franklin ret, da han giftigt foreslog, at man skulle tiltale vicepræsidenten med: ‘Deres overflødighed?’ Her følger et historisk tilbageblik.
Robust udenrigspolitik
Authors: Udenrigs Redaktion
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Bosnien: En fejlslagen stat i Europa?
Authors: Sperling Vibeke
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Yemen: Mellemøstens syge mand
Authors: Ledstrup Martin
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Nordkorea – konfucianisme og stalinisme
Authors: Wørmer Stig
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
USA efter midtvejsvalget
Authors: Ehrenrich Michael
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Fjerde Kvartal 2010
Authors: Andersen Brita Vibeke
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Flov småstatspolitik
Authors: Udenrigs Redaktion
Published: July 2020

Verdenshavet og Frederiksholms Kanal
Malatyas spejl – om Tyrkiets arabiske initiativ
Authors: Ellegaard Lasse
Published: July 2020

Lasse Ellegaard om Tyrkiets udenrigspolitik anno 2009.
Shanghai Samarbejdsorganisationen bag facaden
Authors: Splidsboel Hansen Flemming
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Fjerde kvartal 2009
Authors: Jerichow Anders
Published: July 2020

Danmarks stemme
Mod en ny norsk udenrigspolitik
Authors: Joenniemi Pertti
Published: July 2020

Intet resumé
Le risque d’un emploi déclassé lors de la pratique du placement vers l’emploi pour des bénéficiaires de l’assurance-invalidité suisse
Authors: Antonin-Tattini Véronique
Published: July 2020

Cet article s’intéresse à la pratique du placement vers l’emploi pour des bénéficiaires en situation de handicap affiliés à l’assurance-invalidité en Suisse. En prenant appui sur une approche pragmatique, il montre que la pratique du placement peut mener à un risque de déclassement professionnel et salarial du bénéficiaire dans son processus de recherche d’emploi sur le marché du travail. Cette incitation à un déclassement peut être engendrée par le dispositif même de l’assurance-invalidité, avec notamment l’idée que l’employeur n’a pas à prendre de risques financiers au moment de l’embauche.
Le vieillissement chez les aînés gais et lesbiennes
Authors: Beauchamp Julie , Chamberland Line , Carbonneau Hélène
Published: July 2020

Cet article porte sur le vieillissement des aînés gais et lesbiennes selon une approche qualitative. Selon des recherches, plusieurs facteurs viennent influencer les perceptions et les expériences du vieillissement des aînés gais et lesbiennes. Les résultats sont tirés d’une recherche doctorale explorant la participation sociale des aînés gais et lesbiennes. L’article documente les représentations et perceptions du vieillissement, les enjeux spécifiques à l’intersection de l’orientation sexuelle et de l’avancée en âge ainsi que l’agentivité des aînés gais et lesbiennes.
A New Traffic Conflict Measure for Electric Bicycles at Intersections
Authors: Wu Zhizhou , Zeng Xin , Wang Ling
Published: July 2020

As electric bicycles (e-bikes) are becoming popular in China, concerns have been raised about their safety conditions. A traffic conflict technique is commonly used in traffic safety analysis, and there are many conflict measures designed for cars. However, e-bikes have high flexibility to change speed and trajectories, which is different from cars, so the conflict measures defined for e-bikes need to be independently explored. Based on e-bike driving characteristics, this paper proposes a new measure, the Integrated Conflict Intensity (ICI), for traffic conflicts involving e-bikes at intersections. It measures the degree of dangerousness of a conflict process, with consideration of both conflict risk and conflict severity. Time to collision is used to measure the conflict risk. Relative kinetic energy is used to measure the conflict severity. ICI can be calculated based on video analysis. The method of determining ICI thresholds for three conflict levels (serious, less serious, and slight) and two conflict types (conflicts between two e-bikes, and conflicts between an e-bike and a car) is put forward based on the questionnaires about safety perception of e-bike riders, which is regarded as the criterion of e-bike safety conditions at intersections. The video recording and a questionnaire survey about conflicts involving e-bikes at intersections have been conducted, and the unified thresholds applicable to different intersections have been determined. It is verified that ICI and its thresholds meet the criterion of e-bike safety conditions. This work is expected to be used in the selection of intersections for safety improvement of e-bike traffic.
Consistent patterns of distractor effects during decision making
Authors: Chau Bolton KH , Law Chun-Kit , Lopez-Persem Alizée , Klein-Flügge Miriam C , Rushworth Matthew FS
Published: July 2020

The value of a third potential option or distractor can alter the way in which decisions are made between two other options. Two hypotheses have received empirical support: that a high value distractor improves the accuracy with which decisions between two other options are made and that it impairs accuracy. Recently, however, it has been argued that neither observation is replicable. Inspired by neuroimaging data showing that high value distractors have different impacts on prefrontal and parietal regions, we designed a dual route decision-making model that mimics the neural signals of these regions. Here we show in the dual route model and empirical data that both enhancement and impairment effects are robust phenomena but predominate in different parts of the decision space defined by the options’ and the distractor’s values. However, beyond these constraints, both effects co-exist under similar conditions. Moreover, both effects are robust and observable in six experiments.
The head direction circuit of two insect species
Authors: Pisokas Ioannis , Heinze Stanley , Webb Barbara
Published: July 2020

Recent studies of the Central Complex in the brain of the fruit fly have identified neurons with activity that tracks the animal’s heading direction. These neurons are part of a neuronal circuit with dynamics resembling those of a ring attractor. The homologous circuit in other insects has similar topographic structure but with significant structural and connectivity differences. We model the connectivity patterns of two insect species to investigate the effect of these differences on the dynamics of the circuit. We illustrate that the circuit found in locusts can also operate as a ring attractor but differences in the inhibition pattern enable the fruit fly circuit to respond faster to heading changes while additional recurrent connections render the locust circuit more tolerant to noise. Our findings demonstrate that subtle differences in neuronal projection patterns can have a significant effect on circuit performance and illustrate the need for a comparative approach in neuroscience.
Extrinsic activin signaling cooperates with an intrinsic temporal program to increase mushroom body neuronal diversity
Authors: Rossi Anthony M , Desplan Claude
Published: July 2020

Temporal patterning of neural progenitors leads to the sequential production of diverse neurons. To understand how extrinsic cues influence intrinsic temporal programs, we studied Drosophila mushroom body progenitors (neuroblasts) that sequentially produce only three neuronal types: γ, then α’β’, followed by αβ. Opposing gradients of two RNA-binding proteins Imp and Syp comprise the intrinsic temporal program. Extrinsic activin signaling regulates the production of α’β’ neurons but whether it affects the intrinsic temporal program was not known. We show that the activin ligand Myoglianin from glia regulates the temporal factor Imp in mushroom body neuroblasts. Neuroblasts missing the activin receptor Baboon have a delayed intrinsic program as Imp is higher than normal during the α’β’ temporal window, causing the loss of α’β’ neurons, a decrease in αβ neurons, and a likely increase in γ neurons, without affecting the overall number of neurons produced. Our results illustrate that an extrinsic cue modifies an intrinsic temporal program to increase neuronal diversity.
Forecasting Bitcoin closing price series using linear regression and neural networks models
Authors: Uras Nicola , Marchesi Lodovica , Marchesi Michele , Tonelli Roberto
Published: July 2020

In this article we forecast daily closing price series of Bitcoin, Litecoin and Ethereum cryptocurrencies, using data on prices and volumes of prior days. Cryptocurrencies price behaviour is still largely unexplored, presenting new opportunities for researchers and economists to highlight similarities and differences with standard financial prices. We compared our results with various benchmarks: one recent work on Bitcoin prices forecasting that follows different approaches, a well-known paper that uses Intel, National Bank shares and Microsoft daily NASDAQ closing prices spanning a 3-year interval and another, more recent paper which gives quantitative results on stock market index predictions. We followed different approaches in parallel, implementing both statistical techniques and machine learning algorithms: the Simple Linear Regression (SLR) model for uni-variate series forecast using only closing prices, and the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model for multivariate series using both price and volume data. We used two artificial neural networks as well: Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Long short-term memory (LSTM). While the entire time series resulted to be indistinguishable from a random walk, the partitioning of datasets into shorter sequences, representing different price “regimes”, allows to obtain precise forecast as evaluated in terms of Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE) and relative Root Mean Square Error (relativeRMSE). In this case the best results are obtained using more than one previous price, thus confirming the existence of time regimes different from random walks. Our models perform well also in terms of time complexity, and provide overall results better than those obtained in the benchmark studies, improving the state-of-the-art.
Intermittent theta burst stimulation facilitates functional connectivity from the dorsal premotor cortex to primary motor cortex
Authors: Meng Hai-Jiang , Cao Na , Zhang Jian , Pi Yan-Ling
Published: July 2020

Background

Motor information in the brain is transmitted from the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) to the primary motor cortex (M1), where it is further processed and relayed to the spinal cord to eventually generate muscle movement. However, how information from the PMd affects M1 processing and the final output is unclear. Here, we applied intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the PMd to alter cortical excitability not only at the application site but also at the PMd projection site of M1. We aimed to determine how PMd iTBS–altered information changed M1 processing and the corticospinal output.

Methods

In total, 16 young, healthy participants underwent PMd iTBS with 600 pulses (iTBS600) or sham-iTBS600. Corticospinal excitability, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were measured using transcranial magnetic stimulation before and up to 60 min after stimulation.

Results

Corticospinal excitability in M1 was significantly greater 15 min after PMd iTBS600 than that after sham-iTBS600 (p = 0.012). Compared with that after sham-iTBS600, at 0 (p = 0.014) and 15 (p = 0.037) min after iTBS600, SICI in M1 was significantly decreased, whereas 15 min after iTBS600, ICF in M1 was significantly increased (p = 0.033).

Conclusion

Our results suggested that projections from the PMd to M1 facilitated M1 corticospinal output and that this facilitation may be attributable in part to decreased intracortical inhibition and increased intracortical facilitation in M1. Such a facilitatory network may inform future understanding of the allocation of resources to achieve optimal motion output.
Which is a Better Method for Reporting Cash Flows from Operating Activities-Direct or Indirect Method?
Authors: Muzira Dumisani Rumbidzai
Published: July 2020

This paper is a response to the ongoing debate in the accounting profession on whether the direct method is better than the indirect method when reporting cash flows from operating activities. The debate has its roots from the standard setters who prefer the direct method and are even debating on whether to make the direct method mandatory. The contention being that the direct method is a better method than the indirect method when reporting cash flows from operating activities since the disaggregation of its components suggests more disclosure. More disclosure in financial statements has been a cry from the financial statement users such as the creditors and investors. This qualitative argument will therefore show the merits of both the direct and the indirect               method before getting to a conclusion on which method is better than the other. Further, it is a contribution to the ongoing debate in the accounting profession that can guide the standard setters as they deliberate on the possibility of making the direct method mandatory. In addition, a contention map and an argument map are used as roadmaps of the ideas being discussed in this study.
Identification of Critical Diffuse Pollution Sources in an Ungauged Catchment by Using the Swat Model- A Case Study of Kolleru Lake, East Coast of India
Authors: Kolli Meena Kumari , Opp Christian , Groll Michael
Published: July 2020

Freshwater ecosystems are facing severe threats from human activities. As a consequence of this, they can get disturbed. In developing countries, like India, freshwater lakes are endangered primarily by agricultural activities, which often accelerate erosion and the runoff. The massive application of pesticides and chemical fertilizers to agricultural lands is one of the reasons for eutrophication in Kolleru Lake. The different natural and anthropogenic influences increase the highly complex ecosystem of the lake. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to ascertain the priority control areas, aiming at socio-economic development for the protection of the lake water quality by applying the Best Management Practices (BMPs). 

For this purpose, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to identify the critical areas of the lake's catchment in terms of pollution from agricultural runoff into the tributaries of the Kolleru Lake and the lake itself. The results demonstrated that the diffuse pollution load in the western and downstream watersheds the highest and that agricultural land was the primary pollutant source besides the accumulation of nutrients in the downstream areas. The differences in the sub-basin loads were observed in the catchment mainly depends on the topographic features, soil properties, land use, vegetation, and drainage patterns. From where the major outlet sub-basin has the highest accumulation of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3_N), and total phosphorus (TP) emissions were quantified. The temporal distribution of runoff and diffuse sources were estimated from 2008 – 2014. The runoff mainly governed diffuse pollution was found to be a significant contributing factor to the lake. Further, suggestions were provided for the implementation of agricultural management practices to minimize pollution levels.

 

Graphical Abstract:

 

(Own Source: Diagrammatic representation showing the interrelationship of the SWAT run model)
Soil Characterization, Leaf Nutritional Status and Fruit Quality of Acid Lime Orchards in Patur Block of Akola District, Maharashtra
Authors: Gadge Priya S. , Ingle S. N. , Raut M. M. , Konde N. M. , Mali D. V. , Dange N. R. , Nalge D. N.
Published: July 2020

The present investigation on “Soil characterization, leaf nutritional status and fruit quality of Acid Lime orchards in Patur block of Akola district” was undertaken during the year 2018-19. Twenty healthy lime orchards were selected on the basis of their yield performance and visual observations from five locations of Patur block viz., Wadegaon, Sasti, Patur, Mazod and Goregaon. The study was framed to evaluate the soil characteristics, leaf nutritional status and fruit quality of Acid Lime. Twenty soil samples were collected from 0-30 and 30-60 cm depth in randomly selected acid lime orchards. Similarly, the leaf and fruit samples were collected and analyzed for quality parameters. The results indicated that, the soil reaction was neutral to slightly alkaline with pH value varied from 7.35 to 8.14, EC ranges from 0.23 to 0.32 dS m-1 indicating the non-saline nature of these soils. Free calcium carbonate varied from 5.63 to 9.42%, Organic carbon showed decreasing trend with soil depth and having medium to moderately high in organic carbon. The available nitrogen was found to be low to medium, phosphorus was low, potassium was high to very high and sulphur was low to moderate. The DTPA extractable micronutrients in soil were moderately high in zinc, iron, copper and manganese. The leaf nutrient status was found to be low to optimum in total nitrogen, phosphorus and micronutrient and optimum to high in potassium. Fruits of acid lime were found to be of good quality. Since, the correlations obtained in the present studies did not show any consistent trend.