bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of scabies and associated factors among children aged 5–14 years in Meta Robi District, Ethiopia
Authors: Ararsa Gemechu , Merdassa Emiru , Shibiru Tesfaye , Etafa Werku
Published: January 2023

Background

Scabies is a public health problem that affects children and elders predominantly. Its burden is higher in resource-poor settings, and scabies has a significant impact on the long-term health of children. In Ethiopia, there is limited information about scabies in children. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of scabies and its associated factors among children aged 5–14 years in Meta Robi District, Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study design using a multistage sampling technique was used to collect data from 457 participants by systematic random sampling. Scabies was diagnosed based on the clinical criteria set by the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS, 2020).

Findings

The prevalence of scabies among children aged 5–14 years old was 19.26% (95%CI: 17.20–22.52). In addition, over half (54.6%) of identified cases of scabies were of moderate severity. Factors like families’ low income (aOR = 2.72; 95%CI: 1.32–5.59), being a male child (aOR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.61–4.01), using only water for hand washing (aOR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.84–4.79), having a contact history of scabies/skin lesions (aOR = 4.15, 95%CI: 2.02–13.67), and sharing sleeping beds (aOR = 6.33, 95%CI: 2.09–19.13) were significantly associated with scabies.

Conclusion

The study highlights a high prevalence of scabies among children aged 5–14 years in the district. Provision of adequate health education for the community and children about the scabies and delivering mass drug administration to the district is suggested.
Evaluating accurate and efficient sampling strategies designed to measure social behavior and brush use in drylot housed cattle
Authors: Lozada Claudia Carolina , Park Rachel M. , Daigle Courtney L.
Published: January 2023

Efficient sampling strategies expedite behavioral data collection. While multiple studies have evaluated sampling strategies for core behaviors in cattle, few have focused on social interactions. To identify sampling strategies that accurately captured cattle social behaviors and brush use feedlot steers (n = 3 pens; 9 steers/pen) were observed from 8:00 to 17:00. Average bout duration (sec), total duration per day (sec), and bout frequency were recorded for allogrooming, bar licking, tongue rolling, and brush utilization. Frequency was recorded for headbutting and mounting. Data was extracted from continuous observation datasets using eight different sampling strategies and the results subsequently compared. Differences among sampling strategies were evaluated using a non-parametric One-Way ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis Test. Pearson correlation evaluated the strength of association between a specific sampling strategy and continuous observations. Bout duration for allogrooming (P > 0.65), bar licking (P > 0.60), tongue rolling (P > 0.99), brush use (P > 0.99), and mounting frequency (P > 0.70) did not differ from continuous observations. Tongue rolling (r2 > 0.95, P <0.0001) and brush use (r2 > 0.70, P < 0.0003) were best captured when cattle were observed from 08:00 to 14:00. When cattle were continuously observed from 08:00 to 14:00 or for 15 minutes every 30 minutes, allogrooming (P > 0.2) (frequency, duration), bar licking (P > 0.95) (frequency, duration), brush use (P > 0.1) (frequency, duration), heat butt (P > 0.30) (frequency), or tongue rolling (P > 0.30) (frequency, duration) did not differ from continuous observations. Observing cattle for 15 minutes every 30 minutes yielded the highest accuracy for all behavioral metrics and was considered the most effective strategy for comprehensively evaluating cattle social behavior (r2 > 75; P < 0.05). These results provide insight into accurate and efficient sampling strategies that expedite social behavior data collection in cattle and will facilitate efficient generation of new knowledge regarding cattle social behaviors.
Vestibular contribution to path integration deficits in ‘at-genetic-risk’ for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Coughlan Gillian , Plumb William , Zhukovsky Peter , Aung Min Hane , Hornberger Michael
Published: January 2023

Path integration changes may precede a clinical presentation of Alzheimer’s disease by several years. Studies to date have focused on how spatial cell changes affect path integration in preclinical AD. However, vestibular input is also critical for intact path integration. Here, we developed the vestibular rotation task that requires individuals to manually point an iPad device in the direction of their starting point following rotational movement, without any visual cues. Vestibular features were derived from the sensor data using feature selection. Machine learning models illustrate that the vestibular features accurately classified Apolipoprotein E ε3ε4 carriers and ε3ε3 carrier controls (mean age 62.7 years), with 65% to 79% accuracy depending on task trial. All machine learning models produced a similar classification accuracy. Our results demonstrate the cross-sectional role of the vestibular system in Alzheimer’s disease risk carriers. Future investigations should examine if vestibular functions explain individual phenotypic heterogeneity in path integration among Alzheimer’s disease risk carriers.
Novel dual LSD1/HDAC6 inhibitor for the treatment of cancer
Authors: Gajendran Chandru , Tantry Subramanyam Janardhan , M. Naveen Sadhu , Mohammed Zainuddin , Dewang Purushottam , Hallur Mahanandeesha , Nair Sreekala , Vaithilingam Krishnakumar , Nagayya Basavaprabhu , Rajagopal Sridharan , Sivanandhan Dhanalakshmi
Published: January 2023

Dually targeting the epigenetic proteins lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) that play a key role in cancer cells by modulating gene repressor complexes including CoREST will have a profound effect in inhibiting tumour growth. Here, we evaluated JBI-097 a dual LSD1/HDAC6 inhibitor, for its in vitro and in vivo activities in various tumor models. In vitro, JBI-097 showed a strong potency in inhibiting LSD1 and HDAC6 enzymatic activities with the isoform selectivity over other HDACs. Cell-based experiments demonstrated a superior anti-proliferative profile against haematological and solid tumor cell lines. JBI-097 also showed strong modulation of HDAC6 and LSD1 specific biomarkers, alpha-tubulin, CD86, CD11b, and GFi1b. In vivo, JBI-097 showed a stronger effect in erythroleukemia, multiple myeloma xenograft models, and in CT-26 syngeneic model. JBI-097 also showed efficacy as monotherapy and additive or synergistic efficacy in combination with the standard of care or with immune checkpoint inhibitors. These and other findings suggest that JBI-097 could be a promising molecule for targeting the LSD1 and HDAC6. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanism of action.
Trustworthiness of information sources on vaccines for COVID-19 prevention among Brazilians
Authors: Reis Adriana Teixeira , Camacho Karla Gonçalves , Junqueira-Marinho Maria de Fátima , Gomes Junior Saint Clair dos Santos , Abramov Dimitri Marques , de Menezes Livia Almeida , Nehab Marcio Fernandes , Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo da Silva , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Lopes , Vasconcelos Zilton Farias Meira de , Carvalho Flavia Amendola Anisio de , Mello Livia de Rezende de , Correia Roberta Fernandes , Azevedo Zina Maria Almeida de , Salú Margarida dos Santos , Moore Daniella Campelo Batalha Cox
Published: January 2023

Objective

This study aims to assess the trustworthiness of information sources, perception of clear information about the vaccine, and strategies to increase adherence to vaccination to provide managers with information that helps establish effective communication with the population about vaccination.

Method

This is an online survey conducted between January 22 and 29, 2021, preceded by an Informed Consent, that aims to assess vaccine hesitancy, which corresponded to the first week of vaccination initiation to prevent COVID-19 in Brazil. Data were obtained from a questionnaire made available through a free platform and stored in Google Forms and later exported to the SPSS statistical package for analysis. The sample consisted of all questionnaires from participants who self-declared as age 18 or older, Brazilian, and residing in Brazil at the time of the survey. Incomplete records with more than 50% of blank items and duplicates were excluded. All categorical variables were analyzed from their absolute and relative frequencies. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to verify the relationship between dependent variables and independent variables.

Results

The results show that trust in information sources diverges between hesitant and non-hesitant. They also showed that some participants show an overall distrust that seems to have deeper foundations than issues related only to the source of information. The high rejection of television and the WHO as sources of information among hesitant suggests that integrated actions with research institutes, public figures vaccinating, and religious leaders can help to combat vaccine hesitation. Two actors become particularly important in this dynamic, both for good and bad, and their anti-vaxxer behavior must be observed: the doctor and the Ministry of Health.

Conclusion

This study contributes to gathering valuable information to help understand the behavior and thinking relevant to the adherence to vaccination recommendations.
Adverse drug event detection using natural language processing: A scoping review of supervised learning methods
Authors: Murphy Rachel M. , Klopotowska Joanna E. , de Keizer Nicolette F. , Jager Kitty J. , Leopold Jan Hendrik , Dongelmans Dave A. , Abu-Hanna Ameen , Schut Martijn C.
Published: January 2023

To reduce adverse drug events (ADEs), hospitals need a system to support them in monitoring ADE occurrence routinely, rapidly, and at scale. Natural language processing (NLP), a computerized approach to analyze text data, has shown promising results for the purpose of ADE detection in the context of pharmacovigilance. However, a detailed qualitative assessment and critical appraisal of NLP methods for ADE detection in the context of ADE monitoring in hospitals is lacking. Therefore, we have conducted a scoping review to close this knowledge gap, and to provide directions for future research and practice. We included articles where NLP was applied to detect ADEs in clinical narratives within electronic health records of inpatients. Quantitative and qualitative data items relating to NLP methods were extracted and critically appraised. Out of 1,065 articles screened for eligibility, 29 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most frequent tasks included named entity recognition (n = 17; 58.6%) and relation extraction/classification (n = 15; 51.7%). Clinical involvement was reported in nine studies (31%). Multiple NLP modelling approaches seem suitable, with Long Short Term Memory and Conditional Random Field methods most commonly used. Although reported overall performance of the systems was high, it provides an inflated impression given a steep drop in performance when predicting the ADE entity or ADE relation class. When annotating corpora, treating an ADE as a relation between a drug and non-drug entity seems the best practice. Future research should focus on semi-automated methods to reduce the manual annotation effort, and examine implementation of the NLP methods in practice.
Adjusting products with compensatory elements using a digital twin: Model and methodology
Authors: Konecny Jaromir , Bailova Michaela , Beremlijski Petr , Prauzek Michal , Martinek Radek
Published: January 2023

The article presents a novel strategy for reducing the geometric error of a vehicle headlamp equipped with a set of calibration screws, which represents a product assembly. Using a general method for designing and implementing a digital twin, we determined the optimal configuration for a compensatory element that minimizes the total geometric error. Formulated as a problem of constrained minimization, we solved the error using the gradient method and the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno method. Products are automatically adjusted according to this optimal setting during the manufacturing process. The results of this novel method indicate that all points can be aligned when the non-individual calibration satifies a geometrical specification of 92%. The digital twin approach was compared to the manufacturing process on 84,055 samples. Overall, 98.19% of the samples were perfectly aligned.
Neoptolemus' indecision in Sophocles' Philoctetes. A philosophical reading
Authors: Ciruzzi Luciano
Published: January 2023

De entre los héroes sofócleos, la figura de Neoptólemo sobresale por su particular dificultad para comprometerse de manera definitiva con un curso de acción. El joven acepta llevar a cabo un engaño pergeñado por Odiseo para obtener el arco infalible de Filoctetes, quien vive hace diez años abandonado en la isla desierta de Lemnos. Pero una vez avanzada la treta, cuando se aproxima realmente al objetivo, de pronto se ve asaltado por una duda que le impide seguir adelante, de manera tal que se desdibuja su posición de agente capaz de concretar el plan. Neoptólemo termina por confesar al solitario isleño el motivo fraudulento de su presencia, y, excusándose, aduce estar gobernado por una “necesidad” (v.923: anánke).

En este trabajo presentaré, en primer lugar, las condiciones de emergencia y las características del plan ideado por el ingenioso rey de Ítaca; en segundo lugar, una explicación de la indecisión de Neoptólemo a partir de la particular relación entre su discurso y la realidad que pretende referir; en tercer lugar, me centraré en las derivas ontológicas del conflicto central de la obra y, finalmente, avanzaré sobre los corolarios prácticos que se siguen de lo laborado en los puntos anteriores.
Contra o movimento e o atomismo: uma comparação entre Nāgārjuna, Vasubandhu e Zenão de Eleia
Authors: Ferraro Giuseppe
Published: January 2023

Nas primeiras duas seções deste artigo, apresento alguns dos argumentos que os filósofos budistas indianos Nāgārjuna (ca. séculos II-III) e Vasubandhu (ca. séculos IV-V) usam para mostrar a insustentabilidade lógica dos fenômenos, respectivamente, do movimento e da existência de objetos externos/extramentais. A lógica desses argumentos é comparável à lógica que Zenão de Eleia utiliza nos seus paradoxos contra o movimento e a multiplicidade – e, de fato, no interior dos estudos budológicos contemporâneos, essa comparação já foi sugerida. Na terceira seção, entretanto, pretendo mostrar que os objetivos filosóficos mais imediatos desses três pensadores divergem e são inconciliáveis: enquanto Zenão critica o movimento e a multiplicidade para demonstrar a plausibilidade dos atributos da imobilidade e da univocidade do Ser parmenídico, os paradoxos de Nāgārjuna e Vasubandhu devem ser entendidos no âmbito de projetos filosóficos que, em continuidade com o ensinamento budiano do caminho do meio, pretendem ficar equidistantes das categorias do “ser” e do “não-ser”, evitando ambas. Finalmente, na quarta e última seção, defendo a tese de que os objetivos últimos dos Eleatas e aqueles dos dois filósofos budistas voltam a ser parecidos: Parmênides e o Buda, como também seus respectivos epígonos, buscam promover nos seus seguidores uma “revolução epistêmica” que consiste na passagem de uma visão ordinária da realidade a uma compreensão extraordinária ou suprema, coincidente com a realidade em si e, portanto, verdadeira em última análise.
Distribution pattern of antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from colibacillosis cases in broiler farms of Egypt
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Mona A. A. , Hamed Engy A. , Abdelaty May F. , Sorour Hend K. , Badr Heba , Hassan Wafaa M. , Shalaby Azhar G. , Halem Ahmed Abd-El Mohamed , Soliman Mohamed A. , Roshdy Heba
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: Multidrug resistance (MDR) of Escherichia coli has become an increasing concern in poultry farming worldwide. However, E. coli can accumulate resistance genes through gene transfer. The most problematic resistance mechanism in E. coli is the acquisition of genes encoding broad-spectrum β-lactamases, known as extended-spectrum β-lactamases, that confer resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (conferring resistance to quinolones) and mcr-1 genes (conferring resistance to colistin) also contribute to antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility and to detect β-lactamase and colistin resistance genes of E. coli isolated from broiler farms in Egypt.

Materials and Methods: Samples from 938 broiler farms were bacteriologically examined for E. coli isolation. The antimicrobial resistance profile was evaluated using disk diffusion, and several resistance genes were investigated through polymerase chain reaction amplification.

Results: Escherichia coli was isolated and identified from 675/938 farms (72%) from the pooled internal organs (liver, heart, lung, spleen, and yolk) of broilers. Escherichia coli isolates from the most recent 3 years (2018–2020) were serotyped into 13 serotypes; the most prevalent serotype was O125 (n = 8). The highest phenotypic antibiotic resistance profiles during this period were against ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid. Escherichia coli was sensitive to clinically relevant antibiotics. Twenty-eight selected isolates from the most recent 3 years (2018–2020) were found to have MDR, where the prevalence of the antibiotic resistance genes ctx, tem, and shv was 46% and that of mcr-1 was 64%. Integrons were found in 93% of the isolates.

Conclusion: The study showed a high prevalence of E. coli infection in broiler farms associated with MDR, which has a high public health significance because of its zoonotic relevance. These results strengthen the application of continuous surveillance programs.
Tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient to diagnose pulmonary hypertension: a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Murni Indah Kartika , Siagian Emmanuel Mareffcita , Nurnaningsih Nurnaningsih , Arafuri Nadya
Published: January 2023

Background Pulmonary hypertension carries significant morbidity and mortality in children. Early diagnosis and management may improve outcomes in children with pulmonary hypertension. Heart catheterization, a gold standard for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension, is an invasive procedure and not widely available. Echocardiography can be used as an alternative diagnostic tool for pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To determine the diagnostic value of tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient on echocardiography compared to heart catheterization to diagnose pulmonary hypertension in children.

Methods This diagnostic test study was done with medical record data of children with acyanotic congenital heart disease who underwent cardiac catheterization and echocardiography procedures from January 2018 to December 2020 at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Data were analyzed to obtain sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, as well as positive and negative likelihood ratios.

Results A total of 98 children with acyanotic congenital heart disease were included. The sensitivity and specificity of the tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient to determine pulmonary artery pressure compared to heart catheterization were 64.4% and 54.5%, respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 1.42. The pre-test and post-test probability of this study were 88.7% and 91.7%, respectively.

Conclusion Tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient measured using echocardiography has poor sensitivity and specificity to diagnose pulmonary hypertension.
Role of drug-eluting stent on Takayasu arteritis with renal artery stenosis
Authors: Utamayasa I Ketut Alit , Puspitasari Mia , Hidayat Taufiq , Rahman Mahrus Abdur
Published: January 2023

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is defined as granulomatous inflammation of large arteries involving the aorta and its primary branches. Takayasu arteritis with renal artery stenosis (TARAS) is a common cause of pediatric renovascular hypertension. The main purposes of TARAS management are to improve high blood pressure and recover renal function. When general medication fails to improve symptoms, renal revascularization may be attempted.  Implantation of a drug-eluting stent (DES) has been used as an alternative strategy for pediatric renal revascularization. Here, we report on a 10-year-old, female, Javanese patient with bilateral TARAS who underwent DES implantation. Her clinical presentation was hypertensive crisis and worsened renal function. Bilateral renal artery DES implantation was performed successfully without complications. The child’s blood pressure was controlled using two anti-hypertensive medications after DES implantation and her renal function recovered. Dual anti-platelet therapy was given to minimize the risk of stent thrombosis.
Karakteristik Pasien yang Dirawat di Unit Gawat Darurat Anak Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar
Authors: Wati Dyah Kanya , Suparyatha Ida Bagus , Hartawan I Nyoman Budi , Wijaya Khema Metta
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang. Jumlah pasien anak yang berkunjung ke ruang gawat darurat terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Studi mengenai analisis data pelayanan gawat darurat penderita anak dengan kegawatan medik dari aspek lama tunggu dan kematian pasien di IGD masih terbatas.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik dan luaran, serta gambaran epidemiologi dari penderita anak dengan kegawatdaruratan medik yang datang ke IGD anak RSUP Prof Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deksriptif retrospektif dengan data dari rekam medis pasien anak yang dirawat di IGD RSUP Prof Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah pada periode Februari – Juli 2022 menggunakan metode konsekutif sampling. Analisis deksriptif dilakukan dengan program SPSS.Hasil. Total jumlah sampel yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah 867 sampel. Karakteristik dasar pasien anak yang berkunjung ke ruang gawat darurat adalah mayoritas berjenis kelamin laki – laki, berusia 1 – 5 tahun, memiliki status gizi normal, skor pSOFA < 8 (99,7%), kematian dalam 24 jam terjadi pada 1,3% dan lama waktu tunggu pasien di triase setelah diagnosis ditegakkan adalah segera (90,2%). Keluhan utama yang paling sering dijumpai adalah ganggun sistem pernapasan, febris, dan gangguan sistem pencernaan. Diagnosis terbanyak adalah infeksi COVID-19 (10,4%) dan leukemia (10,3%).Kesimpulan. Infeksi COVID-19 masih merupakan diagnosis tersering di IGD, walaupun begitu pasien dengan keganasan (terutama leukemia) memiliki prevalensi yang cukup besar dibandingkan penyakit lainnya pada pasien pediatri yang memerlukan perawatan di IGD. Mayoritas pasien yang datang ke IGD anak RSUP Prof Ngoerah memiliki tingkat keparahan penyakit yang rendah berdasarkan pSOFA dan lama tunggu yang pendek setelah diagnosis ditegakkan. Kematian dalam 24 jam hanya terjadi pada sebagian kecil pasien.
Dampak COVID-19 pada Anak dengan Epilepsi: Perspektif Orangtua dan Pengasuh
Authors: Handryastuti Setyo , Mangunatmadja Irawan , Seobadi Amanda , Rachman Asep Aulia , Taufiqqurrachman Iqbal , Rafli Achmad
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang. Pandemi coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) telah memengaruhi pelayanan kesehatan. Hal ini dapat berdampak pada keterlambatan diagnosis dan terapi termasuk pelayanan kesehatan pada anak dengan epilepsi. Hal ini menimbulkan risiko anak dengan epilepsi tidak mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang optimal yang dapat menyebabkan kambuhnya kejang dan penurunan kualitas hidup anak dengan epilepsi.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui dampak COVID-19 terhadap pelayanan kesehatan anak dengan epilepsi dari perspektif orangtua atau pengasuh.Metode. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang. Sampel diperoleh dengan metode survei wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 23 pertanyaan pada bulan Februari-April 2022 kepada 252 orangtua/pengasuh yang berasal dari beberapa rumah sakit besar dan klinik di Jakarta.Hasil. Sebagian besar pasien tidak memiliki masalah perilaku (58,3%), tidak terdapat gangguan tidur (59,1%) serta tidak terdapat perubahan kepatuhan berobat (63,1%).Mayoritas pasien tidak pernah mendapat terapi diazepam rektal untuk mengatasi kekambuhan kejang (61,9%) selama pandemi. Masalah terbesar bagi orang tua dan pengasuh adalah rasa takut mengunjungi rumah sakit (27,4%%) dan lebih memilih untuk berkonsultasi secara langsung (86,9%) dibandingkan telekonsultasi atau tidak kontrol. Manfaat telekonsultasi bervariasi, antara lain, penurunan kebutuhan pergi keluar rumah (24,7%), hemat waktu (28,6%), dan menurunkan biaya transportasi (28,6%). Terdapat beberapa kekurangan telekonsultasi, yaitu miskomunikasi antara dokter dan pasien (39,4%). Kualitas pelayanan poliklinik neurologi masih cukup baik (68,3%), dengan pelayanan elektroensefalografi dan perawatan rehabilitasi selama pandemi masih berjalan seperti biasa (96% dan 46%). Sekitar 45,2% orang tua dan pengasuh setuju bahwa anak perlu divaksinasi, meskipun baru 22,2% dari seluruh subyek telah memperoleh vaksinasi.Kesimpulan. Pandemi COVID-19 tidak hanya berdampak pada manusia, melainkan juga pada sistem pelayanan kesehatan khususnya anak dengan epilepsi. Oleh karena itu, modifikasi pelayanan kesehatan selama pandemi COVID-19 merupakan kunci untuk mempertahankan kualitas pelayanan anak dengan epilepsi seperti, telekonsultasi.
Respons Klinis Pemberian Tocilizumab Dibandingkan Anakinra dalam Tata Laksana Artritis Idiopatik Juvenil Sistemik
Authors: Novery Edy , Amalia Rizqi , Muktiarti Dina , Kurniati Nia
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang. Artritis idiopatik juvenil (AIJ) sistemik merupakan penyakit inflamasi sistemik yang tidak hanya melibatkan sendi tetapi juga keterlibatan sistemik dan merupakan tipe terberat dari AIJ. Tatalaksana standar yang diberikan sering tidak memberikan respons klinis optimal sehingga meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Pemberian agen biologis seperti tocilizumab atau anakinra merupakan pilihan agen biologis untuk tatalaksana AIJ sistemik. Tujuan. Mengumpulkan bukti ilmiah tentang efektivitas pemberian tocilizumab dibandingkan anakinra dalam tatalaksana AIJ sitemik. Metode. Pencarian artikel dilakukan secara daring menggunakan instrumen kata kunci yang sesuai melalui basis data Pubmed, Cochrane dan Google Scholar pada bulan Februari 2022.Hasil. Penelusuran dilakukan dan didapatkan dua artikel dengan kohort retrospektif. Remisi klinis pada kelompok tocilizumab berkisar sekitar 44-45%, sedangkan pada kelompok anakinra berkisar 25-38%. Kesimpulan. Tocilizumab memberikan respons klinis yang lebih baik dibandingkan anakinra dalam tatalaksana AIJ sistemik.
Jewish German Immigrant Booksellers in Twentieth-Century Ecuador
Authors: Munster Irene
Published: January 2023

When German Jews looked for a country to receive them in the late 1930s Ecuador had its doors open for immigration. This paper traces the story of four German Jewish refugees who landed in Ecuador and established bookstores and libraries in a country that knew little of either. Rescuing their lives from oblivion is a way to highlight their cultural contribution to their host country.
Provenance Research, Memory Culture, and the Futurity of Archives: Three Essential Resources for Researching the Nazi Past
Authors: Heuberger Rachel
Published: January 2023

The rising significance of Holocaust commemoration has advanced provenance research of Nazi-looted material Jewish heritage and has shown the urgent need for reliable resources in order to cope with the particular challenges of identifying Judaica objects. This review essay examines the theoretical foundations of provenance research in Germany and presents two indispensalbe resources that help with practical provenance research. The Lost Art Database, maintained by the Lost Art Foundation, documents cultural assets beeing illegaly confiscated by the Nazis. The Handbook on Judaica Provenance Research: Ceremonial Object, an open access electronic publication, funded by Claims Conference and the World Jewish Restitution Organization (WJRO), provides detailed information to identify Jewish cultural objects. The theoretical framework of memory culture in Germany is explored in the book by Dora Osborne, What Remains: The Post-Holocaust Archive in German Memory Culture. In this oustanding analysis of the functions of archives in the process of coming to terms with the Nazi past, Osborne rightly emphasizes the archival turn in German memory culture and proves its importance.
It’s Raining Lemons! How the COVID-19 Pandemic Reshaped the Association of Jewish Libraries
Authors: Margolis Michelle
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic hit in early 2020, changing expectations and work around the globe. The pandemic forced the Association of Jewish Libraries (AJL) to expedite changes that had been moving along slowly, leading to a completely revamped organization. This article goes through some of the background leading up to COVID-19 and how AJL was already changing and continues to change to meet the needs of its members.
Workers’ Libraries in Interwar Poland: Selections Translated from a Yiddish Handbook
Authors: Finkin Jordan
Published: January 2023

Interwar Poland saw an explosion in the establishment of all kinds of libraries, notably workers' libraries, run by political or labor organizations for the edification and education of working people. In 1929, under the auspices of the Linke Poale Zion, I. Rauchfleisch and L. Weiss published their Handbook for Libraries. This 73-page book was desiged to provide anyone desiring to open such a library as much information as they needed, in clear language and adequate detail, to operate such an institution in line with modern library practices.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Fibrin Glue to Prevent Bleeding After Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: Lee Hyun Deok , Lee Eunwoo , Kim Sang Gyun , Shin Cheol Min , Park Jun Chul , Choi Kee Don , Hahn Seokyung , Cho Soo-Jeong
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

This study evaluated the efficacy of fibrin glue for preventing postendoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) bleeding in high-risk patients for bleeding (expected iatrogenic ulcer size ≥40 mm or receiving antithrombotic therapy).

METHODS:

A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial was performed at 4 tertiary medical centers in South Korea between July 1, 2020, and June 22, 2022. Patients with gastric neoplasm and a high risk of post-ESD bleeding were enrolled and allocated at 1:1 to a control group (standard ESD) or a fibrin glue group (fibrin glue applied to iatrogenic ulcers after standard ESD). The primary outcome was overall bleeding events within 4 weeks. The secondary outcomes were acute bleeding (within 48 hours post-ESD) and delayed bleeding (48 hours to 4 weeks post-ESD).

RESULTS:

In total, 254 patients were randomized, and 247 patients were included in the modified intention-to-treat population (125 patients in the fibrin glue group and 122 patients in the control group). Overall bleeding events occurred in 12.0% (15/125) of the fibrin glue group and 13.1% (16/122) of the control group (P = 0.791). Acute bleeding events were significantly less common in the fibrin glue group than in the control group (1/125 vs 7/122, P = 0.034). Delayed bleeding events occurred in 11.2% (14/125) in the fibrin glue group and 7.3% (9/122) in the control group (P = 0.301).

DISCUSSION:

This trial failed to show a preventive effect of fibrin glue on overall post-ESD bleeding in high-risk patients. However, the secondary outcomes suggest a potential sealing effect of fibrin glue during the acute period.
Extremal Problems for Infinite Order Parabolic Systems with Boundary Conditions Involving Integral Time Lags
Authors: Kowalewski Adam , Miśkowicz Marek
Published: January 2023

Extremal problems for integral time lag infinite order parabolic systems are studied in the paper. An optimal boundary control problem for distributed infinite order parabolic systems in which integral time lags appear in the Neumann boundary conditions is solved. Such equations constitute in a linear approximation a universal mathematical model for many diffusion processes (e.g., modeling and control of heat transfer processes). The time horizon is fixed. Using the Dubovicki-Milutin framework, the necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality for the Neumann problem with the quadratic performance indexes and constrained control are derived.
Análise do conector “mas” e seus distintos sentidos sob o viés da Teoria dos Blocos Semânticos
Authors: Furlanetto Francismar , Moraes Gisele Benck de
Published: January 2023

O sentido de um enunciado é determinado a partir dos argumentos expressos nele, encadeados por meio de conectores. Com base nisso, este estudo analisa como é desencadeado o sentido do conector “mas” no enunciado de anúncios publicitários de instituições bancárias brasileiras. Isto é, como o conector “mas” ganha diferentes sentidos de acordo com a construção do enunciado. As análises podem ser utilizadas para a realização de um trabalho mais eficaz com textos na Educação Básica. Como suporte para as análises, foram utilizados os apontamentos de Ducrot e Carel (2008), Carel (2005; 2009) e de outros pesquisadores da área da Semântica Argumentativa. Os resultados obtidos revelam que, a depender da construção do enunciado, o conector analisado pode desencadear diferentes sentidos, ora inclinados à transgressividade ora à normatividade. Portanto, as análises podem ser úteis para orientar o trabalho docente, uma vez que o sentido pode ser analisado a partir da organização dos elementos linguísticos do enunciado.
A formação de vínculos sociais na comunicação virtual
Authors: Oliveira Ana Larissa Adorno Marciotto , Cunha Gustavo Ximenes
Published: January 2023

Na Ciberpragmática, ramo da Pragmática que analisa as interações no ambiente digital, o uso da linguagem fática é considerado proeminente. Por estar relacionada à conectividade e à formação de laços sociais, a cultura fática incita em seus usuários a necessidade constante de validação do outro como interlocutor, bem como de aprovação social. Partindo desse arcabouço teórico, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar como / se a formação de efeitos fáticos está associada à tomada de atitude e ao reconhecimento dos princípios de polidez. Para investigar isso, analisamos as interações ocorridas em um fórum de formação profissional, desenvolvido em um curso de formação de professores, oferecido por uma Universidade Federal do Brasil. Em nossos dados, os atos de fala identificados revelaram a preocupação dos participantes do fórum em fortalecer a adesão ao grupo e em serem reconhecidos como falantes competentes. A análise dos dados também sugeriu que os participantes atendiam às expectativas do comportamento verbal exigido pela situação comunicativa, que, no caso dos fóruns, estava associada à retificação do interlocutor e ao enriquecimento do contato social. Além disso, do ponto de vista fático, a complexidade da interação digital revelou que a cultura fática pode transcender a troca de comunicação afetiva e/ou insubstancial para se tornar uma característica inerente ao ambiente digital.
O léxico da Constituição Federal Brasileira em traduções para a língua inglesa
Authors: Rocha Celso Fernando , Serpa Talita , Santana Aparecido José
Published: January 2023

Apresenta-se, neste artigo, o levantamento de termos simples mais frequentes em um corpus paralelo do texto da Constituição Brasileira (1988) e em duas traduções para língua inglesa com base em princípios da Linguística de Corpus e da Terminologia. Foram encontradas soluções tradutórias para os respectivos termos utilizando o software WordSmith Tools e suas funcionalidades. Sendo assim, podemos citar: Alínea (subitem / subparagraph); Promulgação (promulgation / enactment); Sanção (sanctioning / enactment / approval); Município (municipality / county / município).
A divulgação da Linguística no Brasil
Authors: Barros Caio Vinícius da Silva , Piovezani Carlos
Published: January 2023

Nesta entrevista, três importantes linguistas brasileiros, a saber, Ataliba de Castilho, Sírio Possenti e Mahayana Godoy, compartilham suas experiências com a divulgação da Linguística no Brasil. Para que pudessem fazê-lo, formulamos  e lhes dirigimos treze questões, que versam sobre a presença e as características  da divulgação científica na formação e na atuação profissional dos entrevistados.
Thinking with Atonal Music in Visual Arts Education: A/r/tographic Collaboration to Bring Out Cognitive Skills and Sensory Awareness via Schönberg'in String Quartet No.4 Op. 37
Authors: Guler Ayse
Published: January 2023

This study has been based on the researcher’s requestioning the results of the a/r/tographic autobiography study with students on Arnold Schönberg and his works, which was carried out between 2017-2021. In the research the aim was to observe the effects of thinking through atonal music and its reflections on visual arts education as well as the cognitive skills and sensual awareness of the participants. The requestioning of the autobiographic outputs of the researcher with her students within an a/r/tographic perspective was considered important in terms of creating new meanings and actions in visual arts education. The study was carried out with the researcher and 16 undergraduate and 1 graduate student from Kırıkkale University Faculty of Fine Arts in the academic year 2021-2022 Spring semester over a work from Schönberg. There were 6 applications in total, each application lasted 4 hours. The data of the study consist of video and voice recordings, photographs, art works, poems, student opinions, observation notes, student diaries, performance activities, personal communications, Schönberg's String Quartet No. 4 Op. 37 composition and the 39 paintings that the researcher made for this composition. The data was interpreted through a/r/tographic inquiry. At the end of the study it was observed that the application of musical thinking with atonality acts to visual arts applications brought forth skills such as making deep interpretations, developing theories, solving problems, thinking critically, self inquiry, and the use of senses in a intuitive perspective within personal experiences.
Potential of the Endophytic Bacteria from Lantana camara, Palm Oil, and Mangroves to control Meloidogyne spp. on Eggplant
Authors: Siti Zulaiha  , Abdul Munif  , Abdjad Asih Nawangsih
Published: January 2023

Nematoda puru akar (NPA) Meloidogyne spp. merupakan salah satu patogen penting pada tanaman terung. Puru akar sangat merugikan karena menurunkan hasil produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan bakteri endofit dari Lantana camara dan  mengevaluasinya bersama bakteri endofit dari akar kelapa sawit, dan mangrove yang berpotensi untuk mengendalikan Meloidogyne spp. dan menentukan pengaruhnya pada pertumbuhan tanaman terung, serta mengidentifikasi bakteri endofit yang potensial sebagai agens pengendalian hayati. Potensi agens hayati mengacu pada hasil pengujian uji mortalitas, uji senyawa organik volatil (SOV) dan uji penekanan puru akar dievaluasi dengan mengukur persentase penurunan jumlah puru, kerusakan akar, dan jumlah paket telur. Hasil uji menunjukkan seluruh isolat bakteri endofit berpotensi menyebabkan mortalitas, menghasilkan SOV, dan dapat menekan persentase jumlah puru pada akar, serta memberikan pengaruh terhadap bobot dan tinggi tanaman. Bakteri endofit LCA5 dan LCA13 menyebabkan mortalitas lebih dari 90% terhadap Meloidogyne spp. J2. Selama 24 jam dan pada uji SOV menyebabkan mortalitas lebih dari 60% selama 24 jam. Bakteri endofit yang memiliki potensi sebagai pengendalian hayati diidentifikasi sebagai Dyella marensis, Stenotrophomonas rhizophilla, dan Providencia vermicola.
Seorang Wanita 19 tahun G1P0A0 Hamil 31 Minggu dengan Eklamsia
Authors: Sasongko Himawan , Soesilowati Danu
Published: January 2023

Latar Belakang: Tiga penyebab utama kematian ibu di dunia adalah perdarahan (30%), preeklampsia (25%), dan infeksi (12%). Sebagai salah satu dari tiga besar penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu dan janin, insiden preeklamsia di Indonesia dilaporkan sebanyak 12.273 per tahun atau sekitar 5,3% dan belum menunjukkan adanya penurunan yang signifikan dalam dua dekade terakhir.Kasus: Pada kasus yang dilaporkan menunjukkan wanita 19 tahun nullipara dengan eklamsia menunjukkan manifestasi klinis berupa hipertensi dan proteinuria yang merupakan predileksi kejadian neurologis seperti kejang pada wanita hamil dengan eklamsia.Pembahasan: Manajemen anestesi pada kasus wanita hamil dengan eklamsia harus memperhatikan beberapa hal termasuk ke dalamnya tekanan darah dan risiko terjadinya kejang intraoperatif.Kesimpulan: Diperlukan pertimbangan yang baik dalam penentuan manajemen anestesi pada pasien hamil dengan eklampsia untuk mengurangi risiko.
Injuri Ginjal Akut Akibat Sepsis pada Pasien di ICU
Authors: Maskoen Tinni Trihartini , Akbar Diki
Published: January 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) merupakan suatu sindroma klinis akibat penurunan fungsi ginjal. AKI merupakan salah satu komplikasi yang paling sering terjadi pada pasien kritis. 50% pasien di intensive care unit (ICU) bisa mengalami terjadinya AKI dan 13,5% memerlukan terapi pengganti ginjal.Pasien AKI mempunyai risiko kematian meningkat tiga kali lipat, risiko terjadinya chronic kidney dieseses tujuh kali lipat, dan risiko terjadinya end state renal diseases 22 kali lipat.Kriteria diagnosis dari risk injury failure lost and end-stage kidney disease (RIFLE), acute kidney injury network (AKIN), dan kidney disease improving global (KDIGO) digunakan untuk mendiagnosis AKI di ICU. Ketiga kriteria ini menggunakan parameter serum kreatinin, dan urine output. Selain itu untuk mendiagnosis AKI di ICU juga digunakan beberapa pencitraan seperti ultrasonografi.Pengelolaan AKI di ICU meliputi terapi nondialisis dan terapi pengganti ginjal. Terapi non dialisis adalah diuretik, mempertahankan keseimbangan cairan, asam basa, elektrolit dan nutrisi. Terapi pengganti ginjal meliputi beberapa modalitas seperti chronic renal replacement therapy, intermitten hemo dialysis, slow low extended dialysis, and peritoneal dialysis. Pada pasien di ICU, continous renal replacement therapy merupakan modalitas utama.Pada pasien kritis di ICU dengan AKI mempunyai prognosis yang buruk sehingga merupakan masalah besar. Pemahaman yang lebih baik dalam diagnosis dan pengelolaan secara dini dan tepat merupakan pendekatan utama untuk memperbaiki luaran pasien.
Formulation of Drying and Non Drying Oil Alkyd Resin from Palm Oil (Elaesis guineensis jacq.) and Tuna Fish Oil (Thunnus sp.) toward Acid Number Value and Non Volatile Content as Surface Coating Resin
Authors: Indrawaty Desmilia Sefti
Published: January 2023

Resin is a polymer chemical substance that is made up of monomers from carbon and nitrogen. Alkyd resin, a surface coating resin, produced by polycondensation reaction between polybasic and polyhydric alcohols, modified with monobasic acids or their anhydrides, and drying oil at controlled temperatures. Alkyd resin is widely used in the paint and surface coating industries. The advantages of this resin are its strong chemical and thermal resistance, quick drying power, and inexpensive cost. Alkyd resins can be produced from natural oil (palm and tuna fish oil). Oil derived from palm and tuna fish is known as natural oil. Tuna fish oil includes 40.04 % oleic acid. The oleic content is suitable for use in the alcoholysis process in the production of alkyd resins. The major ingredients in this study were tuna fish oil and palm oil. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of a combination of palm oil:tuna fish oil ratio, amount of pthalic anhydride, and temperature of alcoholysis process on the value of acid number and non-volatile content of alkyd resin was investigated using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD).
Tematický celek “Tkáně” v gymnaziální biologii
Authors: Bystrá Veronika , Čečmanová Adéla , Dvořáková Radka Marta , Váňová Barbora , Novotný Petr
Published: January 2023

Pro zvolený tematický celek gymnaziální biologie „Tkáně“ jsme navrhli konceptuální rámec, identifikovali učivo užívané v učebnicích a navrhli testové položky ověřující porozumění definovaným konceptům.Konceptuální rámec byl navržen na základě českých gymnaziálních učebnic biologie a doplňkových materiálů. Obsahuje deset základních konceptů, jejichž porozumění považujeme za cíl a důvod výuky daného tematického celku. Z učebnic jsme excerpovali učivo, které je použito pro budování porozumění těmto konceptům. Díky získanému vhledu jsme byli schopni popsat didakticky zajímavé aspekty tohoto tématu v českých učebnicích. Ve většině z nich tvoří úvodní bránu k organologii lidského těla. Na základě konceptuálního rámce a zamýšleného učiva jsme navrhli uzavřené testové položky s jednou správnou odpovědí. Položky byly validovány na třech gymnáziích, jejich analýza vycházela z klasické teorie testů a teorie odpovědi na položku. Výsledný set obsahuje 33 psychometricky validovaných testových položek zveřejněných pod licencí CC BY-SA 3.0, které jsou uvedeny jako příloha tohoto článku.
Carved by Light of Cities with a Chisel. Kraków Retable of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary Altar through Stanisław Kolowca 's Lens
Authors: Kobylińska Weronika
Published: January 2023

On two occasions (around 1932–1933 and after the war, between 1946 and 1950), Stanisław Kolowca (1904–1968) undertook the task of creating the photographic documentation of the reredos of the altar of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Kraków (Poland). The stature of Wit Stwosz’s work – widely recognized as one of the key late Gothic masterpieces in Europe – could be the only factor legitimizing the status of Kolowca’s photographs. Nevertheless, the photographs seem to deserve a thorough analysis for other reasons as well. It should be underlined that in his project Kolowca did not focus only on the most obvious shots illustrating the altarpiece. In addition to long shots and full shots showing the characteristic iconographic motifs and portrait-type close-ups, reflecting the mastery of key figures (such as Virgin Mary or John the Baptist), the photographer also created completely unexpected compositions that go beyond the codified frames of documentary photography. Consequently, his works fundamentally problematize the concept of photographic reproduction of an art piece.