bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opportunities and challenges for post-prison women employed as caregivers for the elderly in Thailand
Authors:   Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Kittipichai Wirin , Panthumas Suphawadee ,   Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Boontanon Nithirat ,   Metropolitan Health and Wellness Institution, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
Published: January 2025

This study seeks to explore the perspectives of elderly care organizations and households with elderly members concerning the employment of post-prison women as caregivers for the elderly. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with representatives from 27 elderly care centers and questionnaire interviews with representatives of 560 households in five areas where women’s correctional institutes are located in Thailand.

The findings revealed that 19 enterprise executives and 74 percent of household representatives held similar views on this issue. Specifically, among 21 elderly care centers, there was a tendency to hire post-prison women to work as caregivers. Conversely, it is worth noting that this issue is sensitive both on an individual level and for society as a whole. Therefore, it was advised against having former prisoners engage in home-based elder care. This recommendation stemmed from concerns that it could compromise the trust and safety of service users. Meanwhile, household representatives believed that individuals with a history of serious crimes should not be involved in caregiving. This was considered a crucial factor in determining whether to opt for nursing home services or hire caregivers for elderly individuals receiving care at home.

Therefore, it is recommended to establish a coordination center for various departments to collaborate. This center would oversee tasks including identifying qualified post-prison women, providing training courses for elderly caregivers, engaging in public relations, and coordinating with agencies seeking to hire caregivers. This initiative aims to facilitate the employment of women with previous convictions, empowering them to achieve sustainable livelihoods.
Cross-border healthcare seeking behavior: a study of Myanmar patients in Ruili, China
Authors:   ASEAN Studies for Sustainable Development Program, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, Wang Chenhao , Meyer Morakot ,   Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia, Mahidol University, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj Thunwadee ,   ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand, Htwe Thae Thae Han ,   ASEAN Studies for Sustainable Development Program, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, Tun Aung Win ,   ASEAN Studies for Sustainable Development Program, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
Published: January 2025

With globalization and regionalization, traditional borders often present fewer barriers to the sharing of resources, particularly in the context of cross-border healthcare. This trend is driven by cost, medical technology, healthcare quality, and other factors. The study aimed to examine the overall pattern of cross-border healthcare seeking behavior among Myanmar patients in Ruili, China, evaluate the accessibility of healthcare services in China, and identify determinants of healthcare seeking behavior during the decision-making process. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from three healthcare providers in Ruili, China, supplemented by secondary data from the Health Commission of Dehong, as well as in-depth interviews with nine Myanmar cross-border patients and were analyzed using content analysis. Results from our study indicate that in 2020 there were an estimated 30,032 Myanmar cross-border patients who sought healthcare in Ruili, China (14% in-patients and 86% out-patients): 90% used services at county-level and equivalent hospitals in Ruili, while 10% used services at primary healthcare institutions. Most of the patients were fluent speakers of the Mandarin. The in-depth interviews revealed that Myanmar cross-border patients were willing to seek healthcare services in Ruili. Analysis using Kroeger's model shows that patients primarily from the Han and Kachin/Jingpo ethnic groups (aged 20-60) seek advanced medical equipment and modern facilities in Ruili, despite the higher costs there compared to Myanmar. While staff experiences vary, accessibility of technology drives their decision, suggesting a shift in cross-border healthcare priorities. This study provides insights for improving border region healthcare systems and informs future research on cultural influences, language barriers, and broader system impacts.

Article Details
Catastrophic health expenditure among elderly and its risk factors: a critical review
Authors:   School of Management, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India., Das Aditya Narayan , Panda Smita Mishra ,   Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India, Dash Anjali ,   Department of Economics, Panchayat College Bargarh, Odisha, India.
Published: January 2025

The global elderly population is growing, leading to an increased demand for healthcare services. Consequently, there has been a rise in catastrophic health expenditures (CHE). To address this issue, a desk review was conducted to examine the global factors that contribute to CHE among the elderly by using Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization as a framework. This review was performed with the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases for studies on CHE among the elderly population. The search was limited to the period from 1986 to August 2023 by using the keywords “Catastrophic health expenditure” and “Elderly”. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted to examine the trend of the CHE rate and investigate the factors responsible for it. A total of 48 studies were included, with the CHE thresholds ranging from 10% to 60% and incidence rates ranging from 3% to 93.4%. Age, gender, education, and residential setting emerged as significant predisposing factors. Income, hospitalization, and insurance coverage were prominent enabling factors, especially in middle-income countries. The presence of chronic diseases, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and disabilities were significant need factors contributing to CHE. The elderly populations worldwide are especially susceptible to CHE due to factors such as a higher incidence of NCDs and chronic illnesses, combined with insufficient health insurance coverage. To reduce the impact, it is crucial to improve preventive care, effectively manage chronic diseases, and address the socioeconomic factors that affect health. In addition, investigating the relationship between mental health, quality of life, and CHE may potentially help in understanding psychological impacts on individuals as well as households.
E-learner success assesment model (E_LSAM) in higher education: Does it work?
Authors: Sulistiani Dwi , Bashith Abdul , Amin Saiful
Published: January 2025

In today’s digital age, the amount of available research literature is growing exponentially, the new normal era, after the COVID-19 pandemic, requires the world of education to carry out offline and online learning. Therefore, e-learner success remains an interesting topic to discuss. This research was conducted to map the factors, dimension, and mediating variable that determine the e-learner success in E-LSAM (E-Learner Success Assesment Model) model. The data is based on a survey method distributed to 1139 students from 12 State Islamic Higher Education Institutions (SIHEIs) in Indonesia. The collected data was then tested using Structural Equation Model (SEM) AMOS version 26. The results of this study indicate that the E-LSAM model is an effective assessment in measuring e-learner success. Variables that support the e-learner success are: self-efficacy, perceived enjoyment, subjective norm, image, perceived ease to use, service quality, social interaction, system quality, and diversity in assessment. The instructor dimension is the dimension that has the highest impact in achieving e-learner success, apart from that the system and course dimensions also provide support. Self-regulation, perceived usefulness, intention to continue using LMS (Learning Management System), attitude toward LMS, and learner satisfaction are important factors that directly and indirectly affect the learner success. LMS operation training needs to be held for instructors to improve e-learner success in SIHEIs.
The Effectiveness of Al-Qur'an Murottal and Effleurage Massage Using Jitu Oil by Breastfeeding Grandmothers on Mother's Confidence in the First Month of Birth
Authors: Ningsih Dewi Andariya , Oktavia Liana Devi
Published: January 2025

Mothers' confidence in providing breast milk to babies is positively associated with increasing breastfeeding duration in various cultures and age groups. It's just that most breastfeeding mothers who are giving birth for the first time feel less confident so that breast milk doesn't flow smoothly. So it requires family support close to the mother, namely the grandmother. Smooth breastfeeding occurs if the mother is relaxed and comfortable. This comfort can be achieved by massage effuerage and listening to murottal Al-Qur'an. The design carried out in this research was a quasi-experiment using a one test only design. This research was conducted in the Arjasa Community Health Center Work Area, Situbondo Regency. The research was conducted in December 2023 - February 2024. The population in this study was post partum mothers who were in the TPMB working area of ​​the Arjasa Health Center. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling. Interpretation of Friedman Test Results on the Effectiveness of Murottal Al-Qur'an and Effleurage Massage Using Jitu Oil by Breastfeeding Grandmothers on the Independence of Breastfeeding Mothers. Descriptive statistics on 41 respondents whose data was collected 7 times in 1 month, namely day 1, day 5, day 10, day 15, day 20, day 25, and day 30 it can be seen that the average level of independence during treatment has increased successively. This research reveals the importance of involving family members, in this case grandmothers, in the context of caring for the mother of the baby, because in this cultural environment, there seems to be a value on the bonds that exist between these women, which benefits the family. intergenerational transmission of knowledge, experience and insight.
Innovative Strategies for Empowering Rural Communities: International Experiences and Applications in Afghanistan
Authors: Mazloum Yar Fayaz Gul , Rahmani Mullajan
Published: January 2025

This study explores innovative strategies for rural community empowerment, focusing on international best practices and their potential application in Afghanistan. Rural empowerment is critical for sustainable development, enhancing socio-economic resilience, and reducing poverty, particularly in underserved Afghan communities. However, limited research addresses context-specific approaches that integrate both global experiences and local needs. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying effective empowerment models from various countries and examining their relevance within the Afghan socio-cultural and economic landscape. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Data were collected from 300 rural participants across Afghanistan, along with interviews and focus group discussions with local leaders, NGO representatives, and international experts. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to survey data, while thematic analysis was used for qualitative insights to capture diverse perspectives on empowerment challenges and enablers. Key findings highlight that community-led vocational training, microfinance initiatives, and gender-inclusive programs are essential for effective empowerment. Notably, vocational skills aligned with local needs significantly increased economic independence, while community-managed microfinance enhanced financial security and trust. Gender-inclusive approaches were found to be vital in overcoming social barriers, particularly in conservative rural regions. The study concludes that adapting international empowerment models to local contexts can significantly improve their impact. Recommendations include establishing localized training, fostering cooperative economic activities, and introducing community-led monitoring systems. This research contributes to the field by providing a practical framework for rural empowerment in Afghanistan, offering policymakers actionable insights to design culturally sensitive, sustainable development programs.
Supportive Education in Preventing Helminthiasis in Elementary School Children with Stunting in Amanuban Barat Sub-District, TTS District
Authors: Olin Wihelmus , Kedang Sabinus , Djuma Agustina W.
Published: January 2025

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are a common helminthic disease that can have a devastating impact. The impact of this helminth infection is the occurrence of stunting nutrition problems in elementary school children. Therefore, school children need to be given supportive education to prevent helminthiasis and stunting independently.

Methods: This study was conducted in 4 elementary schools in Amanuban Barat Subdistrict, South Central Timor Regency, in 2024. Type of quantitative research with a pseudo-experimental research design with the Supportive Education method, consisting of 2 groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. The research variables consisted of knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. The sample size of the study was 200 elementary school children, consisting of 100 children in the experimental group and 100 children in the control group. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. The research instrument used a questionnaire to measure knowledge, attitudes and behavioural actions and analysed differences in knowledge, attitudes and actions in the treatment group before and after providing supportive education using paired T-test and Mann-Whitney Test.

Results: The results of the Mann-Whitney statistical test of the difference in knowledge between the control group pretest and post-test p value 0.410 and the experimental group respondents (SE) pre - post-test p value 0.000 significant. the results of the paired T-test statistical test of the difference in attitude between the control pre test and post test p value 0.361 insignificant and the treatment group supportive education pre and post test p value

0.000 significant. The results of the Mann-Whitney statistical test of differences in behavioural actions of the control group pre test and post test p value 0.186 is not significant and the experimental group respondent supportive education post test p value 0.000 significant.

Conclusion: There is an effect of supportive education on knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of preventive measures for helminthiasis infection in elementary school children with stunting.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Review of European Studies, Vol. 16, No. 2
Authors: Dou Paige
Published: January 2025

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Review of European Studies, Vol. 16, No. 2
The Importance of Proving the Accused Crime According to Islamic Sharia, Afghan Legislative Documents, and Scientific Perspective
Authors: Zamani Mohammad Yousuf , Abid Abdul Aziz , Zadran Amanullah
Published: January 2025

Allah Almighty, in the Holy Quran, commands that the most honoured and respected among you in the sight of Allah is the one who possesses the most piety, as He says:
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ مِنْ ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثَى وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ شُعُوبًا وَقَبَائِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوا إِنَّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَتْقَاكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ۝.(الحجرات/ ۱۳)
Translation: O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another. Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted. (Al-Hujurat: 13)s
Furthermore, He commands the establishment of justice and points out that the establishment of justice is a means to achieve piety, as He says:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا قَوَّامِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَاءَ بِالْقِسْطِ وَلَا يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ شَنَآنُ قَوْمٍ عَلَى أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا اعْدِلُوا هُوَ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَى وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ۝.(المائده/ ۸)
Translation: O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm for Allah, witnesses in justice, and do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is Acquainted with what you do. (Al-Ma'idah: 8)
In order to approach Allah Almighty through our profession and to achieve both worldly and eternal happiness, how can we ensure justice in the criminal framework, which leads to closeness to Allah and eternal salvation? In pursuit of answering this question, I conducted this research to provide, through a scholarly effort, glad tidings of worldly and eternal happiness to colleague’s workers in the field of justice.
Fortunately, by the end of this research, I concluded that:
To prevent someone from being unjustly punished or to ensure that the rights of individuals are not violated, and to ensure that a guilty person does not escape without facing the consequences of their criminal actions, and to maintain trust in the judicial and justice-enforcing authorities, the greatest thing is that the right of Allah Almighty can’t waste. it is essential to have accurate proof of the crime. This is the only way to achieve criminal justice, obtain the satisfaction of Allah Almighty, and protect society from the harmful phenomenon of crime.
Planning Micro-Routes in Cultural Tourism: Monastery Route in Ovčar-Kablar Gorge, Serbia
Authors: Antonić Branislav , Simonović Tatjana , Čolović Subotić Zorica
Published: January 2025

The last few years have completely changed Serbian tourism. The COVID-19 Pandemics, closed borders as its consequence and the general rise of standard have redirected Serbian population from once-in-year seaside travel to multiple short travels in Serbia. This new impulse in tourism has opened many opportunities for more remoted regions in the country with preserved heritage. One such region in Ovčar-Kablar Gorge in Western Serbia, near the city of Čačak. The magnificent scenery of the gorge is under state protection as a landscape of outstanding features. It is in addition “enriched” by cultural heritage – nine monasteries, two forest churches and one cave-church, developed between the 14th-18th centuries. The concentration of the sacral heritage is so important locally that the gorge is unofficially known as “Serbian Athos”. This paper presents the recent efforts done in the local spatial plan, created by “Gradac” Public Enterprise from Čačak, to address this potential through the development of cultural-tourist micro-route in the gorge.
Lesiones del manguito rotador en deportistas: incidencia y factores de riesgo asociados. Revisión integrativa de la literatura
Authors: Solórzano Dayanna Cecibel Obregón , Lozano Stalin Andrés Ruiz , Ponce Roder Wagner Murillo , Baquerizo Rafael Arnaldo Cunache , Sanchez Denisse Lizbeth García
Published: January 2025

El manguito de los rotadores se forma por el conjunto de músculos que permiten los movimientos del hombro, sus lesiones se producen con mayor frecuencia en atletas de alto rendimiento y practicantes aficionados en deportes “overhead”. El presente estudio se basa en la revisión de la literatura mediante bases de datos y motores de búsquedas específicos, como: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed) y Google Scholar. Los resultados fueron 8 artículos incluidos, presentando los deportes involucrados y las lesiones de hombro, tipos de lesiones prevalentes, incidencia, factores de riesgo y pronostico. Encontrando que, los principales factores de riesgo que predisponen a lesiones recurrentes, son: adultos mayores, sexo femenino, contracción capsular posterior, disminución de la retroversión humeral, mala mecánica y técnica al realizar ejercicios “overhead”, disquinesia escapular, y atrofia muscular.
Manejo da antracnose do feijão: interação entre produtos biológicos e químicos
Authors: Sviech Letícia , Faria Cacilda Marcia Duarte Rios , Santos Leandro Alvarenga , Sviech Karin Dauane
Published: January 2025

A antracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), principal doença do feijoeiro, pode resultar em perdas de até 100% na produção, representando ameaça à segurança alimentar, uma vez que o feijão é fonte de proteína para populações carentes em países em desenvolvimento. O principal método para o controle dessa doença é a utilização de agroquímicos. No Paraná, os produtos utilizados têm como princípio ativo estrobilurinas, ditiocarbamatos, triazóis e organoestânico. Estudos que combinem estes fungicidas com agentes de controle biológico são escassos. Portanto, o objetivo  do trabalho foi avaliar a  rotação de moléculas nas aplicações sequenciais de fungicidas, com a adição dos agentes biológicos e a época de semeadura para o manejo da antracnose do feijoeiro. Na Fase I, a época de plantio tardia apresentou maior AACPI e AACPS. O tratamento 3 (programa de manejo) apresentou redução na incidência em vagens e foi 20,46% mais eficaz que o tratamento 2 (tratamento químico) . Os tratamentos 2  e 3 superaram a testemunha na produtividade, com aumento de 15,82% e 12,66%, respectivamente. Na fase II os agroquímicos com os princípios ativos tebuconazol + trifloxistrobina e de protioconazol + trifloxistrobina tiveram seu efeito no controle da antracnose do feijoeiro potencializado quando há adição de Trichoderma sp. e B. subtilis.
CUMULATIVE LEGAL CLASSIFICATION OF AN ACT VERSUS ELIMINATIVE CONVERGENCE OF STATUTORY PROVISIONS
Authors: Pływaczewski Emil W. , Guzik-Makaruk Ewa
Published: January 2025

Authors decided to raise the problem of assessing the cumulative legal qualification of an act, which directly affects the punishment imposed on the perpetrator and, consequently, influences enforcement aspects, including the imposed probation measures. The scientific discourse is conducted on the basis of the background of the previously applicable construction of the elimination of the provisions of the Act. The dogmatic method, case law analysis and desk research were used in the study. Both approximate structures in the form of cumulative legal classification of an act and the eliminative confluence of provisions of the act have their advantages and disadvantages. However, it is impossible not to notice that the use of the cumulative legal classification of an offense in the practice of justice, which has been in force for almost 55 years, has a significant impact on limiting the courts' ability to apply each of the catalog of probation measures provided for by the applicable Penal Code. The strict penal policy, resulting indirectly from the use of cumulative legal classification of the act, undoubtedly affects the level of repression, which effects in a high rate of prisonization in Poland, especially compared to the European Union countries.
TYPOLOGY OF CHILD MURDER AND ATTEMPTED MURDER INCLUDING RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS
Authors: Bogacki Piotr , Granosik Mariusz , Kamińska-Jatczak Izabela
Published: January 2025

The objective of this article is to present a typology of child murders, elucidating their social and educational conditions, encompassing both risk and protective factors. The overarching goal of the text is to advocate and initiate systematic analyses of child deaths in Poland to enhance the efficacy of crime prevention.The conclusions presented herein are drawn from the scrutiny of court files related to concluded criminal proceedings under Art. 148 of the Penal Code in Poland during 2021-2022. These documents were provided by the office of the Ombudsman for Children to facilitate the reconstruction of the social and educational contexts surrounding child fatalities.In our research, we applied the method of individual cases focused on contrasting comparisons, typology of the phenomenon under study, and reconstruction of its conditions.The resulting conclusions outline four distinct types of homicides, delineated by their social and educational aspects: (1) homicide stemming from an "unnoticed" trajectory of domestic violence, (2) homicide arising from mental disorders (3) homicide coupled with unpreparedness for the arrival of a child, and (4) murder as a consequence of failing to protect the child against aggression from another adult who is not a parent. This typology enabled the identification of both risk and protective factors, forming the foundation for recommending strategies to counteract child murders.The proposed preventive activities encompass: professional intervention with families, a cohesive flow of information, interdisciplinary collaboration and team work, enhancement of professional skills and competencies (including diagnostic skills), and the inclusion and sensitization of the social environment (preventive community work).
Analysis of LLM Code Synthesis in Software Productivity
Authors: Anand Anurag , Chopra Shivali , Arora Mohit
Published: January 2025

The use of LLMs in code generation tools has introduced a paradigm shift in software development, streamlining the process and enhancing automation and efficiency. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the applications and effectiveness of the Large Language Model (LLM) in code synthesis based upon the analysis of various models. The LLM techniques where programming codes are significantly constrained on high level and lowlevel programming paradigm, has emerged as a dominant strategy in software productivity due to its inherent ability to promote efficiency and minimize time to build logic. Our research systematically explores the impact of LLM on the performance outcomes on various programming languages, comparing it to traditional code practices. We analyze multiple case studies, quantitatively evaluating the success rates, efficiency, and problem-solving capacity of LLM-based solutions. Preliminary findings indicate that LLM encourages a unique problem-solving approach, despite its limitations, often results in highly efficient and innovative solutions. However, the technique also presents a steep learning curve that may deter novice programmers. This study aims to contribute to the body of knowledge on software productivity strategies and the continuing discourse on code efficiency and optimization.
Assessing the Role of AI in Streamlining Workflow for Healthcare
Authors: Ganesh Ashween , Mohammed Murtuza Ali , Mohammed Vazeer Ali , Logeshwaran J.
Published: January 2025

The creation of synthetic intelligence (AI) in the workflow of clinic administrators can revolutionize the industry. AI can be used to streamline obligations such as information series, analysis, and management, which simplifies the operational strategies of the clinic environment. It, in flip, enhances the performance of operations, reduces operational fees, and consequences in improved performance. The primary advantages of AI in the healthcare putting consist of the elimination of manual duties, quicker and more correct information analysis, and advanced scientific protection. Automation of records collection tasks can lessen information access errors in addition to improving the accuracy and pace of affected person and coverage records retrieval. Additionally, AI can help improve the accuracy of facts analysis, which in flip improves choice-making and diagnostics for both scientific practitioners and the administrative body of workers. Another advantage of implementing AI in hospitals is the improvement of affected persons’ safety. AI may be used to investigate the affected person’s histories of individuals and alert directors when patient care fails to fulfill requirements. Additionally, AI may be used to provide signals for medications that are being administered inappropriately. It permits better-affected person monitoring and allows directors to make well-timed and informed interventions. Finally, AI can be used as a tool to streamline administrative responsibilities, inclusive of coping with billing and insurance claims.
Solar Energy Harvesting and Wireless Communication Technologies for Internet of Things Applications: A Review
Authors: Tawar Nutan , Dey Rajiv
Published: January 2025

The purpose of Internet of Things (IoT) communications technologies is to establish connections between disparate objects in order to provide explicit smart services. This study attempts to give a thorough overview of the most recent wireless technologies and protocols for Internet of Things applications which employ solar energy harvesting (SEH). The study focuses on long-range communication and low power wireless technologies used in SEH for Internet of Things applications. A thorough and in-depth discussion of the IoT system’s wireless technology and solar energy harvesting process with its classification for IoT applications is provided. Additionally, we detailed the specific difficulties with the prevalent communication technology used in IoT applications. This study compares the architecture, features (such as data rate, energy consumption, and range), protocol structure, and security of several wireless communications used in SEH. The study’s methodology is centered on connectivity range, energy consumption, data rates, applications it also emphasizes the difficulties associated with each technology and future research. The suitability of the specific protocol for echo-system applications is categorized.
Design and Development of IoT-Based Pet Care Robot
Authors: Naveen Vankayala Sri , Kushin Veerapalli , Prasad Y. Yogendra Sai , Mahidhar K , Sivakamasundari N. , Venkataswamy Ramkumar
Published: January 2025

A pet care robot based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that uses a variety of sensors and actuators to remotely monitor and care for pets is presented in this paper. The robot is made to give pet owners an automated way to make sure their pets are healthy, safe, and comfortable. A mobile robot with a camera, microphone, temperature sensor, and motion sensor makes up the system. This allows the robot to interact with pets and collect data in real time. After that, the collected data are sent to, where they are analyzed and processed to produce useful insights and alerts. Additionally, the pet care robot has a feeding system that distributes food at predetermined intervals to ensure that the pet receives adequate nutrition even when the owner is not present. The proposed system is affordable, simple to use, and adaptable to various pet requirements. The aftereffects of the review exhibit the viability of the IoT-based pet consideration robot in observing and dealing with pets, in this way upgrading the prosperity of pets and diminishing the responsibility of animal people.
Securing Networks with Precision: Unveiling the Potential of Application Protocol Based Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Karthikeyan Shivani , S Shrish K , J Arunkumar , C Bagavathi
Published: January 2025

Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are crucial for network security, detecting and preventing unauthorized activities. This paper examines the effectiveness of IDS like Snort, Suricata, and Bro in analyzing network traffic and identifying anomalies across various application layer protocols such as DNS, SSH, FTP, SMTP, SNMP, and HTTPS. Each protocol poses unique challenges due to specific vulnerabilities, requiring IDS to utilize a mix of behavioral analysis, signature-based detection, and content inspection. Advanced techniques are essential for handling encrypted traffic in HTTPS and identifying threats in SMTP and DNS communications. The paper compares different IDS types— Network-Based, Host-Based, Protocol-Based, Application Protocol-Based, and Hybrid IDS—emphasizing the specialized protection offered by APIDS for application layer protocols. The integration of multiple IDS types enhances defense capabilities, underscoring the effectiveness of hybrid approaches for comprehensive threat management.
ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA E PROPOSTA DE FRAMEWORK METODOLÓGICO EM 12 PASSOS
Authors: Celestino Marcelo Salvador , Belluzzo Regina Celia Baptista , Albino João Pedro , Valente Vânia Cristina Pires Nogueira
Published: January 2025

Bibliometric analysis is a methodology for retrospective, quantitative, statistical, and descriptive study of the scientific literature, which allows the identification of the most prolific and influential elements in a given field, the interconnections between authors and the literature itself, in addition to identifying emerging research themes. The present study is divided into two parts. First, a narrative review of the literature was presented on the foundations, main techniques and challenges that permeate the conduction of a bibliometric analysis, with the objective of elucidating the theme, serving as a starting point for research of this nature. To illustrate the examples, a bibliometric analysis was simulated with the theme Ionizing Radiation Dose Reduction and Protocol Optimization in Computed Tomography (CT), on an experimental basis, using the bibliometrix package  in  the RStudio software. Then, a  methodological framework with 12 steps was proposed, which have been used empirically in the conduction of bibliometric analyses by the present authors. The addition of the simulation concept and a feedback loop  allowed us to refine the methodology and obtain more reliable results. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a practice-oriented methodological empirical roadmap, which promotes transparency, reproducibility and methodological rigor in bibliometric analyses, promoting open and collaborative science.
EFEITOS DA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19 EM CENTROS DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Mauch Ana Gabriela Duarte , Lordello Silvia Renata
Published: January 2025

The pandemic was a challenge for the SUS, which reorganized itself to face the health crisis. The CAPS underwent changes in their functioning, such as meeting demands and needs that were not previously established. This systematic review aims to answer the question: what are the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on CAPS? Empirical articles in Portuguese from 2020 to September 2023 were selected from three databases. We found 10 empirical articles that met the established criteria. Qualitative research carried out through semi-structured interviews in CAPS that serve the adult public predominated in 2022. The results were categorized into: a) Attendances in the pandemic: changes in profile and quantity; b) Operation of devices and adaptations in the face of COVID-19; and c) Going through the pandemic in work processes. The reduction in the number of procedures due to sanitary measures and intensification of demands stand out. Little has been explored about the intersectionalities between gender, class, or race. It is argued that the CAPS, despite being psychosocial care devices, since their establishment have not been able to break with the outpatient logic, intensifying in the pandemic. The overload of professionals was even greater due to the centrality of demands and changes in work processes, especially technological adaptations.
Unraveling Immune Regulatory Mechanisms in PCOS
Authors: Abdullah Mustafa , Alabassi Hazima
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is complex and includes both endocrine in addition to immunological abnormalities. PCOS is a condition that involves chronic low-grade inflammation, which includes the pathological state of regulation in pro-inflammatory factors release rate dysfunctioning endotheliocytes and accumulation of leukocytes. In PCOS, in particular, immune cells and regulatory molecules participate significantly to maintain metabolic homeostasis and modulate the immune reactions. People with PCOS may have hormonal changes such as low levels of progesterone because it usually occurs irregularly or stops ovulated in turn the overstimulation of immune system results from autoantibodies production. In addition, immune cells dysfunction and cytokines imbalance are associated to insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism and obesity in PCOS. In PCOS, obesity also causes dysfunction in immunity to create an inflammatory aura. Autoimmune diseases in PCOS patients also may be developed due to hormonal imbalances. There have been studies indicating a connection, between cells and the underlying causes of PCOS. It appears that grade chronic inflammation is strongly associated with PCOS and can contribute to the loss of ovulation. Additionally there seems to be an imbalance in the levels of ovarian cytokines, which can disrupt functions lead to excessive production of androgens and increase insulin resistance through various mechanisms. The article aims to shed light on the role of disturbance in immune regulation in PCOS disease, including its emergence and development. This may contribute to a deeper understanding of the mechanism of the disease, which may help in finding new therapeutic targets that help reduce the severity of the disease and help reduce poor fertility in women suffered from PCOS.
A Serological identification of anti-adenovirus antibodies in children with respiratory infection under five years in Nasiriyah city,Iraq.
Authors: Aljboury Sahar
Published: January 2025

Childhood respiratory tract infections are serious and dangerous clinical forms that occur around the world, and adenoviruses represent one of the most significant viruses that cause these respiratory infections in children. The three species B, C, and E of the adenovirus  are mostly responsible for these infections. In addition, rapid identification of adenoviruses is absolutely necessary to prevent overuse of antibiotics in patients, prevent a local epidemic of adenoviruses, and treat severe infections that may cause serious and fatal disease.
 
 The current study was designed to detect the prevalence of the adenovirus antibodies in children in Nasiriyah city ,Iraq . For this reason, the blood samples were collected from August 2022 to May 2023 from patients less than five years old who were hospitalized at the Muhammad Al-Musawi and Bint Al-Huda hospitals.  The samples were obtained from fifty children infected with ARTI. Concerning the children with immunosuppressed conditions, underlying illnesses, and persistent pulmonary abnormalities, they were prohibited. All individuals were investigated for the detection of Adenovirus-IgM and IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The adenovirus Igm antibodies were found in 9 percent of respiratory patients, and the highest rate was found in males 24 (29.17%), compared to females 2 (7.69%), and the highest rate of Igm antibodies in the age group 1 day–12 month was 58.33 percent. The results were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
 
The higher rate of adenovirus IgG antibodies was found in 23 (46%) of adenovirus patients, and the highest rate was found in males (66.67%) than that in females (26.92%), and the highest rate of adenovirus IgG antibodies in the age group 37–60 months was (64.0%), while the lowest rate in the age groups 1–12 months was (8.33%). The results were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Digital Technologies and Innovative Models of Risk Management in International Tourism
Authors: Prokopenko Olha , Mashika Hanna , Hryhorieva Liudmyla , Khanova Olena , Parfinenko Anatoliy , Nurgaliyeva Almagul
Published: January 2025

Introduction: This study examines the readiness for developing and implementing innovative risk management models in international tourism. The research is part of the project "International tourism in the system of economic relations: research of security and sustainability. The purpose of the study is to examine the willingness of managers in the tourism system to make decisions regarding risk prevention and prompt elimination of the consequences of risk occurrence.Methods: A review of recent research and regulatory documents in risk management was conducted, followed by a sociological survey targeting managers from Ukraine, Estonia, and Kazakhstan. Data was collected from 255 managers in 68 companies, using anonymous questionnaires to assess their familiarity and engagement with risk management techniques in international tourism.Results: The study revealed varying levels of risk management expertise among managers: 14% had a low level, 43% had an average level, 19% had sufficient knowledge, and 10% were proficient in managing risks and generating innovative ideas for risk identification, analysis, and management within the tourism sector.Conclusions: Risk management remains an undervalued yet essential aspect in international tourism, where its neglect can jeopardize valuable business ventures. This study highlights the need for enhanced risk management strategies and serves as a potential framework for broader research applications beyond the tourism industry.Keywords: digital tools, tourism business, international tourism, risk management, sociological research
Directions for the Development of the Innovation Process on the Market of Banking Products and Services
Authors: Panfil Cristina
Published: January 2025

The innovation process is multidimensional, its development directions being established according to the possibilities of valorizing those innovation opportunities that increase the ability to have a higher banking performance. In the conditions of growing competition, characteristic of the market of banking products, an off ensive innovation strategy for the innovative process is required. The concretization of the strategic directions of off ensive development of the innovative banking process in the Republic of Moldova by types of innovations is the subject of research in this article. The research methods used were observation and survey among banking professionals. The paper analyzes the degree of implementation in banks of innovations: product, process, organizational and marketing, which have been identifi ed in international banking practice in recent years. The results obtained from the research allowed establishing the development directions of the innovative banking process in the future period: the development of new lending products for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs); diversifi cation of deposit products; the expansion and more intensive development of digital payments for broad-based public products and services – transport; medicine; implementation of blockchain, cloud-technologies, smart-contacts; robotization etc.
Consumer Behavior of Banking Products/Services
Authors: Cristafovici Profira
Published: January 2025

The study of consumer behavior has a priority role in market research, understanding the decisionmaking complexity of the consumer becoming the main factor in the initiation of marketing eff orts by banks. Banking entities must know the psychology of the consumer, how he chooses banking service, which factors and how they infl uence the purchase decision. Especially, in the context of digitalization, customer-focused banking marketing activities are impossible to achieve without understanding the dimensions of the particularities and behavioral mutations of bank consumers. This can only be achieved by comprehensively researching the purchase decision-making process. In this article, we aim to elucidate the dimensions of the purchase and consumption behavior of banking products/ services and to present some particularities and behavioral manifestations of banking customers.
The Mandate of the Ombudsman from the Republic of Moldova and Italy in the Investigation of Claims against Public and Private Entities
Authors: Zubco Alexandru , Slusarenco Svetlana
Published: January 2025

One of the essential and traditional powers of the People’s Advocate is to examine requests or claims against decisions of public authorities or private entities that contain allegations of abuse or violation of fundamental human rights and freedoms. The national legislation of the Republic of Moldova mandates the Ombudsman with extensive powers to ensure respect for human rights and freedoms by public authorities, by organizations and enterprises, regardless of the type of ownership and legal form of organization, and by persons with positions of responsibility at all levels. In Italy, however, there is no national law regulating the institution of the National People’s Advocate. Instead, there are regional ombudsmen in more than 18 Italian regions or autonomous provinces. They represent sui generis independent administrative authorities, with broad prerogatives of autonomy and independence from political leaders and with para-jurisdictional functions to protect the rights and interests of citizens. In this paper, the authors set out to conduct primary research on comparative aspects concerning the powers of the People’s Advocates of the Republic of Italy and the Republic of Moldova in the field of investigating claims. The paper does not claim to be perfect, but rather a premise for further multifaceted research.
The Subjective Side of Mass Disorder Offences
Authors: Chirita Valentin , Chepestru Ana-Maria
Published: January 2025

Mass disturbances constitute a negative social phenomenon that poses a great danger to society. Human behavior is generated exclusively by emotions, feelings, experiences, as well as reactions to the environment. All this constitutes the sphere of the psychophysics, which is composed of the cohesion between reasoning and the physical factor. It follows from this that the legal conduct is practically formed like the criminal one, having in itself objective and subjective components. They appear both in connection with demonstrations, protests and during the organization of other events. The purpose of this paper is to highlight and describe the legal elements of the subjective side of the offence of mass disorder to the extent that they can generate antagonistic situations in the process of legal classification of offences. However, the reasons for committing the analyzed offence may be similar to the reasons for committing other offences.
How Taste and Ambience Shape Consumer Perceptions — Sensory Marketing in Fine Dining
Authors: Makwena Thabo N.
Published: January 2025

The fine dining experience is a multisensory journey where taste and ambience converge to create lasting impressions and define perceptions of luxury. This paper explores how these two critical elements shape consumer experiences in the fine dining industry, emphasizing their integration through sensory marketing. Taste, as the centerpiece of culinary craftsmanship, extends beyond mere flavor to incorporate texture, presentation, and storytelling, while ambience serves as the silent influencer, engaging sight, sound, and touch to heighten the emotional and sensory impact of the meal. The interplay of taste and ambience is examined through examples, such as Japanese omakase and farm-to-table dining, to illustrate the cohesive narratives that elevate the dining experience. The paper explores the psychology of sensory marketing, highlighting how the deliberate engagement of multiple senses enhances satisfaction, fosters emotional connections, and justifies premium pricing. By weaving these elements into a seamless experience, fine dining establishments create a compelling sensory journey that transcends the act of eating, leaving an indelible mark on consumers. This study underscores the importance of taste and ambience in defining excellence in fine dining and their role in crafting memorable, emotionally resonant experiences.