bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursing of Hypovolemia in Patients with Melena’s Hematemesis: A Case Study
Authors: Ayu Gracia Christy Fanuel Dian
Published: January 2023

Background: Hematemesis melena is a patient’s condition with black stools or stools caused by upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Hypovolemic patients with hematemesis melena usually experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. This study aims to describe nursing care for hypovolemia in patients with hematemesis melena.
Methods: This research method uses a case study design. Data collection started from assessment to evaluation in the Kasuari ward of Simpang Lima Gumul Hospital in December 2021. The hematemesis melena patient was observed or treated for at least two days. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using narrative analysis.
Results: assessment of Mr. P with the main complaint complaining of vomiting blood for ±10 days, abdominal pain, weakness, black stools for ±10 days, and urinating for five days. The nursing diagnosis in the case of Mr. P is the actual diagnosis with priority hypovolemia related to functional fluid loss (D.0023). Nursing intervention for Mr. P was compiled based on the diagnosis of hypovolemia using pharmacological techniques such as antibiotics.
Conclusion: The patient showed a not-so-significant decrease because the patient still had time to vomit blood and bloody stool.
The intervention of Lavender Aroma Therapy to Reduce the Pain Intensity of Dysmenorrhea In Adolescent
Authors: Kumalasari Intan , Soewito Bambang , Amin Maliha , Maksuk  , Ovaliandari Viona
Published: January 2023

Background: dysmenorrhea is a common problem for women in Indonesia and the world. According to WHO (2017) it is estimated that 90% of women worldwide have experienced dysmenorrhea, and 10-15% of them have experienced severe dysmenorrhea. This condition requires pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment. One of them gave lavender aromatherapy. Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of applying lavender aromatherapy procedures to clients with dysmenorrhea.
Methods: This study used a qualitative design with a case study approach to describe in-depth information and explore clients' problems with dysmenorrhea in fulfilling their comfort needs by using lavender aromatherapy. Variable independent was lavender aroma therapy. The dependent variable was pain level.
Results: Giving lavender aromatherapy for three consecutive days within ± 30 minutes as much as 2 x 1 day in the morning and evening was proven to reduce the intensity of dysmenorrhea pain in Ms. B from a scale of 6 to 1, while Ms. Ra experienced a decrease in pain intensity from a scale of 7 into 2. The difference in the final results of the decrease in pain intensity was more due to the difference in the initial pain intensity in the two patients.
Conclusion: Non-pharmacological methods with lavender aromatherapy are effective in reducing the intensity of dysmenorrhea pain, so this method can be widely implemented to reduce cases of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN DINDIGUL, TAMILNADU
Authors: Gayathri Dr.G , Yohannan Dr.Bindya
Published: January 2023

Education is the tool which is responsible for our societal and personal development. Education has the power to transform our country, society and in any individual. It can give birth to a civilized world. India, one of the fast growing and developing nations of the world, In science and technology, it is doing at par with other developed nations, and markable achievements are being touched. But in health or human growth, most of the population is not clear about the importance of health and human potentials. Many portions of the population are not aware of the positive aspects of human beings that can help them to flourish. Especially the younger generation i.e. the students who are perusing their education in college both in Under Graduation & Post Graduation shall be considered vital to be focused in understanding the level of psychological well-being. Being with good mental health will address the youth unrest and to utilize their skills in an effective way. This study focus on measuring the level of Psychological well being among college students in Dindigul.
Use of Social Media, Digital and Traditional Communication Tools for Rural Small-Scale Businesses
Authors: Kamble Vikram , Chimate Mithilesh , Chavan Nikhil , Satpute Vinay
Published: January 2023

The appearance of COVID-19 was detrimental to everyone on earth. It had an impact on both big and small firms. Due to a lack of digital technology, the research found that rural regions were most affected. Due to recent economic developments, sellers now witness latent growth in the rural areas of the nation, which raises the purchasing power of rural residents. The government has recently implemented a variety of policies and initiatives to encourage digitalization in India at a reasonable cost, which has resulted in a considerable rise in the number of rural residents using the internet. Local factors contributing to the digital drive in rural India were the availability of inexpensive cell phones and internet data plans. This gives advertisers the chance to reach out to this untapped rural market and advertise their goods there. In this essay, we'll talk about how small enterprises in rural areas might use social media, digital technologies, and traditional forms of communication.
IMPLEMENTATION OF QR CODES ON ICHIBAN SUSHI RESTAURANT'S DISH MENU ON ORDER TIME EFFICIENCY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION LEVEL
Authors: Alberlianasari Firstarine , Nabilah Salma , Rahmawati Safrina Dewi
Published: January 2023

This research aims to find out how the QR code affects the efficiency of consumer ordering time and the level of consumer satisfaction with the QR code. This is a qualitative research which describes the QR code research on the Ichiban Sushi restaurant menu. Data collection techniques using observation and interviews. The research carried out on "Ichiban Sushi" restaurant which is located in Plaza Asia, Tasikmalaya City in West Java. The results of this study focus on solving problems by simplifying the queue management process for the Ichiban Sushi menu and simplifying restaurant menu ordering and how it affects customer satisfaction. The findings reveal that there was an efficiency in ordering time because using this QR code was felt to be faster and more flexible, consumers could order simultaneously and consumers also did not need to queue to order restaurant menus. QR codes on the ordering menu for Ichiban Sushi Restaurant greatly affects the level of consumer satisfaction, where the majority of consumers feel satisfied with the use of QR codes on the ordering menu for Ichiban Sushi Restaurant which is certainly very beneficial for consumers.
L’industrie Financière Islamique : Quel Est Son Rôle Dans La Moralisation Des Marchés Financiers?
Authors: INNAL Fawzi , OWEİDA Adnan
Published: January 2023

Le présent article tente de présenter, l’importance de l’éthique de l’industrie financière islamique dans les marchés financiers, afin d’essayer de voir en quoi celle-ci peut contribuer à rendre les pratiques des marchés financiers classiques occidentaux plus éthiques.

L’industrie financière islamique s’est diversifiée pour influencer de nombreux secteurs de la finance moderne, introduisant une série de réformes et de techniques financières au cœur du système économique classique.

De parses principes sur lesquels repose son système institutionnel, qui prend en compte l’aspect éthique et social dans le monde des affaires ; cette industrie a la capacité qui lui permet de faire face aux phénomènes de crises et de fluctuations, en empêchant les monopoles, la fraude et la tromperie, en favorisant les comportements rationnels contre la spéculation. Ce qui fait des marchés financiers, un facteur de stabilité, un outil de développement et un moyen d’accumuler de l’épargne, et de financer des projets.

En effet, si l’industrie financière islamique dite éthique permet d’introduire une dimension éthique rationnelle dans la moralisation des marchés financiers, elle n’en est pas particulièrement exempte de défauts et de limites.
El catéter como elemento fundamental en las terapias de depuración renal
Authors: Mateos Dávila Almudena , Sánchez Ballesteros Pablo , Martínez Pérez José , Fabrellas Padres Núria , Guix Comellas Eva Maria
Published: January 2023

RESUMEN El término “catéter” es muy conocido para las enfermeras, sin embargo, el manejo de las vías para los pacientes con fallo renal es un tema que ofrece cierta dificultad. Las facetas específicas con relación a este tipo de catéteres y el tratamiento depurativo renal son el objetivo de este capítulo. Se analiza cómo hacer el cálculo del flujo de sangre, cómo elegir un buen catéter según su morfología, cuál es la técnica mejor para conservarlo y de qué forma sellarlo cuando se deje en reposo, sin tratamiento depurativo. Estos y otros conocimientos fundamentales se describirán, a partir de la evidencia hallada en la literatura. PALABRAS CLAVE catéter, enfermera, fracaso renal agudo (FRA), terapias continuas de reemplazo renal (TCRR), unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) ABSTRACT The word catheter is well known to nurses, however, its management for patients with renal failure is a subject that offers some difficulty. The problems with this specific catheter and the renal purifying treatment are the objective of this paper. It analyses how to calculate the blood flow, how to choose a good catheter according to its morphology, what is the best technique to preserve it and how to lock it when it is left at rest, without any purifying treatment. These and other fundamental knowledge will be described, based on the evidence founded in the literature. KEY WORDS acute renal failure (ARF), catheter, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), intensive care unit (ICU), nurse.
Impact of Acetochlor Rate and Application Timing on Multiple-Herbicide-Resistant Waterhemp Control in Corn and Soybean
Authors: Symington Hannah E. , Soltani Nader , Kaastra Allan C. , Hooker David C. , Robinson Darren E. , Sikkema Peter H.
Published: January 2023

Documented 6-way (Groups 2, 4, 5, 9, 14, and 27) and 5-way (Groups 2, 5, 9, 14, and 27) multiple-herbicide-resistant (MHR) waterhemp have been confirmed in the US and Canada, respectively causing corn and soybean yield losses > 70%. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of acetochlor application timing and rate on non-emerged MHR waterhemp control in corn and soybean. Acetochlor is not yet registered in Canada, but it could be useful component of an integrated MHR waterhemp control program. Two studies, one in corn and one in soybean, were conducted in southwestern Ontario, Canada from 2020 to 2022. Three rates of acetochlor were applied preplant (PP), preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) to non-emerged waterhemp. In corn, acetochlor [Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC)] applied at 1,225, 2,100 and 2,950 g ai ha-1 controlled MHR waterhemp 81, 85, and 90%, respectively, at 8 weeks after POST application (WAC). Acetochlor EC applied POST or PRE provided better control than when applied PP at 4, 8, and 12 WAC. In soybean, acetochlor [Capsule suspension (CS)] applied at 1,050, 1,375, and 1,700 g ai ha-1 controlled MHR waterhemp 63, 70, and 74%, respectively, at 8 WAC. The timing of acetochlor CS application did not affect MHR waterhemp control. Acetochlor applied at the low, medium, and high rate reduced waterhemp density by 87, 89, and 92% in corn, and by 82, 84, and 87% in soybean, respectively. The high rate of acetochlor provides acceptable control of MHR waterhemp in corn; control in soybean was inadequate.
Agriculture System Modeling to Increase Productivity and Production Through Sustainable Resource Management
Authors: Suryani Erma , Hendrawan Rully Agus , Mudjahidin Mudjahidin , Damanhuri Damanhuri , Muhandhis Isnaini , Az-Zahra Alifia , Yan-Chou Shuo , Rony Much , Masyhudi Akhmad Jani
Published: January 2023

Mismanagement of soil nutrients, poor site selection of loose soil, steep slopes for agriculture, parallel contour plowing, ground cover removal, and slash-and-burn contribute to soil degradation and erosion. Therefore, developing strategies and policies related to improving productivity, production, and better resource management is important to achieve a sustainable agriculture system. This paper aims to provide an analytical model of the agriculture system to increase productivity and production through sustainable resource management. System dynamics (SD) modeling was used to model the relationships between significant variables in improving land productivity, production, and sustainable resource management. SD can accommodate complexity and nonlinearity in real systems. Increasing resource management is required to achieve a sustainable agriculture system. Better resource management can be done using superior seeds according to location, balanced fertilization, and the application of plant-based pesticides. Productivity depends on water availability, rainfall, temperature, seed quality, the effect of the Jajar Legowo planting system, pest and disease control, soil nutrients, and soil fertility. Rice production is affected by milled rice production, rendement, and lost seeds.
Europa Central y del Este en la Unión Europea, 1989-2019. De la reconciliación continental a la participación en el futuro de Europa
Authors: Ramiro Troitiño David , Kerikmäe Tanel
Published: January 2023

Esta investigación es un análisis histórico sobre la ampliación de la Unión Europea (UE) a Europa central y del este. La caída del totalitarismo comunista se toma como punto de partida, analizándose las posibilidades abiertas desde distintas perspectivas. A continuación, el artículo desarrolla qué significó la UE para estos nuevos miembros y viceversa. Se busca clarificar las raíces históricas de las divergencias más relevantes que han generado tensiones en el seno de la UE tras la ampliación a Europa central y oriental, en un proyecto basado en una evolución constante hacia una convergencia real entre sus miembros.
populismo en Europa Central y del Este (1989-2019): el Grupo de Visegrado
Authors: Cancela Outeda Celso
Published: January 2023

Este artículo pretende proporcionar una visión general de los partidos populistas en los países de Europa central y del este, en particular, en los que integran el Grupo de Visegrado. En 1989 las circunstancias de la transición democrática dieron lugar tanto a los partidos populistas como a los «tradicionales». Ambos subtipos han permanecido como rasgos distintivos y duraderos en los sistemas de partidos de estos países. La presencia populista ha desempeñado un papel importante en la definición de las opciones ideológicas, los discursos y las estrategias políticas y electorales. En general, el populismo parece estar consolidado, aunque se observan variaciones significativas en cada país (temática, fortaleza electoral o presencia institucional). En particular, los cuatro de Visegrado nos permiten observar diversas facetas del populismo (euroescepticismo, xenofobia, autoritarismo...).
política de ampliación de la Unión Europea hacia los Balcanes Occidentales: ¿movimiento sin objetivo o adhesión con una perspectiva de membresía creíble?
Authors: Vučković Vladimir
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación es ofrecer una visión general del desarrollo estratégico comunitario con respecto a Albania, Bosnia y Herzegovina, Croacia, Macedonia del Norte, Montenegro, Kosovo y Serbia durante toda la fase de adhesión, de 1997 a 2018, seguida del análisis empírico de las políticas de ampliación más relevantes. Aunque la Unión Europea (UE) ha introducido continuamente diferentes recompensas de asistencia financiera y técnica en el marco de diversas políticas de ampliación de la UE, es reticente a ofrecer una perspectiva de adhesión creíble mediante el establecimiento de una fecha límite para la adhesión de los Balcanes Occidentales.
1933 altoaragonés: horizontes locales de la «gimnasia revolucionaria»
Authors: Castillo Cañiz Assumpta
Published: January 2023

El artículo propone una relectura en clave local de la llamada «gimnasia revolucionaria» cenetista basada en el análisis de la insurrección de diciembre de 1933. A partir del estudio de caso de algunos enclaves de la parte oriental de la provincia de Huesca, se ofrecen nuevas claves de interpretación en torno a estas tentativas, cuya finalidad podía ser tanto alcanzar beneficios concretos para los afiliados y, en consecuencia, para la organización, como alterar los equilibrios de poder locales y operar una paulatina transformación en el marco de las relaciones comunitarias.
Franquismo, diplomacia y fútbol: la gira del Real Madrid en Sudáfrica
Authors: Simón Juan Antonio
Published: January 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar el papel que tuvieron los servicios diplomáticos españoles durante la gira que realizó el Real Madrid por Sudáfrica en septiembre de 1964. Al mismo tiempo, esta investigación también plantea dos objetivos específicos: el primero aborda el impacto que la visita del club tuvo en este país, y el segundo estudia el papel que desempeñó esta entidad deportiva dentro de la política exterior del franquismo. A través de la documentación del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores conservada en el Archivo General de la Administración, se ha podido demostrar el estrecho seguimiento que dicho organismo realizó de esta gira internacional.
3D Modeling and static analysis of telescopic shock absorber unit
Authors: Seshaiah T. , Hanuman Mopati Soma Sundara Venkata
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we present the 3D modelling and structural analysis of a telescopic shock absorber unit that have been considered. A telescopic shock absorber unit from railway wheels was used in this study. The 3D model of a telescopic shock absorber unit consists of a cylinder, Belleville disc, eye ball, flange models that were created with the help of CATIA V5 software, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is also carried out to find the Equivalent Von-Misses stresses and deformations to reduce the bouncing, stability, and improve the performance of a shock absorber unit.
The Exacerbation of (Grammatical) Gender Stereotypes in English–Spanish Machine Translation
Authors: Ondoño-Soler Nerea , Forcada Mikel L.
Published: January 2023

The information required to select grammatical gender in machine translation of isolated sentences for gender-marking languages is frequently missing or difficult to extract. Our text-centric, black-box study demonstrates how the gender distribution of the training set is distorted at the output. Human evaluation reveals that gender clues are frequently absent from the source, resulting in stereotyped translations.
La traducción automática y la posedición en el ámbito médico
Authors: Trujillos-Yébenes Lorena , Muñoz-Miquel Ana
Published: January 2023

En artículo ofrece un primer acercamiento exploratorio al uso de la traducción automática (TA) en el ámbito médico a partir de la revisión de estudios relacionados y de la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a traductores médicos profesionales para conocer, entre otros, cómo usan la TA, qué ventajas e inconvenientes consideran que tiene o con qué dificultades se encuentran.
Palabras clave: traducción médica, traducción automática, posedición, traductores médicos profesionales, entrevistas semiestructuradas
Els articles de vint anys de la Revista Tradumàtica
Authors: Cid Leal Pilar , Sánchez-Gijón Pilar
Published: January 2023

L’article repassa els temes sobre els quals ha publicat la Revista Tradumàtica des del número 0 (2001) fins al 19 (2021). Es recullen els testimonis de diversos autors que van escriure en els diferents números i que valoren com ha canviat la disciplina, la indústria de la traducció i els perfils professionals, alhora que reflexionen sobre la seva evolució i els reptes de futur.
Machine translation in everyone’s hands - Adoption and changes among general users of MT
Authors: Orrego-Carmona David
Published: January 2023

En los 20 años de la Revista Tradumàtica, hemos visto cómo la traducción automática ha pasado a formar parte de la vida cotidiana de sus usuarios habituales. Partiendo de 17 respuestas, este artículo reflexiona sobre el uso de la TA entre los no profesionales de la traducción. Tras opinar sobre el uso de la TA como diccionario, para leer noticias, para acceder a la información o para producir textos en situaciones que los usuarios perciben como de bajo o alto riesgo, el artículo ahonda en la concienciación de los usuarios con respecto a la precisión de la TA y la necesidad de comprometerse con el resultado para mejorar la calidad de las traducciones. Además, los resultados también indican que el uso de la TA no solo afecta a la producción en la lengua meta, sino que también influye en la redacción de los originales que se pretende traducir. A partir de las respuestas, el artículo analiza el impacto de la TA en el marco de la accesibilidad y la democratización, revisando cómo la TA y la IA tienen el potencial de apoyar el cambio social pero también de profundizar la desigualdad, reproducir sesgos y reducir la operatividad de los agentes humanos. Por último, el artículo hace un llamamiento a una aplicación crítica y consciente de la TA para apoyar la interacción persona-ordenador como herramienta para el desarrollo de la sociedad.
Hermits with Duden, tipex and an Olivetti Studio 45
Authors: Muñoz-Martín Ricardo
Published: January 2023

This little article summarizes the changes in translators’ work from the 1990s as a tribute to the Revista Tradumàtica on its 20th anniversary. No surprises: text processing, the Internet as a source for information, the use of CAT tools and neural MT, and changes in the market and labor relations stand out as the prominent features that have changed (or not) in the last 30 years.
PERSFEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NO.11 TAHUN 2020 (CIPTA KERJA) TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN TENAGA KERJA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Yanni Yanni , Sinaulan Ramlani Lina , Mau Hedwig Adianto
Published: January 2023

(Analisis UU Cipta Kerja Tentang Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Di Indonesia): Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk mencegah penyebaran virus corona COVID-19 dengan mengeluarkan pembatasan sosial berskala besar. Peraturan tersebut membatasi kegiatan warga di wilayah tertentu, antara lain dengan menutup operasional perusahaan, sehingga berpotensi bagi keberadaan usaha dan melakukan tindakan efisiensi pegawai dengan cara pemutusan hubungan kerja. Bersamaan dengan itu, Pemerintah dan DPR telah mengesahkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja dan mengubah beberapa UU Ketenagakerjaan sebelumnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk perlindungan tenaga kerja akibat diundangkannya UU Cipta Kerja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dan menggunakan deskriptif analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah belum tercapainya keadilan dalam memperoleh perlindungan yang lebih baik bagi seluruh tenaga kerja Indonesia karena posisi tawar yang tidak seimbang antara pengusaha dan pekerja, sehingga diperlukan aturan yang mampu menyeimbangkan posisi antara kedua belah pihak.
OTORISASI HUKUM DALAM BERNEGARA PENDEKATAN ISLAM DAN BARAT
Authors: Syamsiah Syamsiah , Jamahari Jamahari , Umar Hasbi , Ramlah Ramlah
Published: January 2023

Penegakan hukum merupakan upaya untuk mendorong masyarakat agar mentaati aturan-aturan hukum yang berlaku (upaya preventif) dan penjatuhan sanksi hukum terhadap kasuskasus pelanggaran hukum yang terjadi dalam masyarakat (upaya represif). Namun yang sering menjadi permasalahan adalah tolok ukur legalitas kekuasaan. Apakah setiap kekuasaan yang berdasarkan aturan hukum dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai kekuasaan sah atau legal? Apakah kekuasaan sewenang-wenang yang memiliki landasan hukum harus diterima dan ditaati? Apakah kekuasaan yang sewenang-wenang dapat melahirkan hukum yang adil? Apakah efektivitas penegakan hukum tergantung pada legalitas kekuasaan? Dan apakah kekuasaan legal yang sewenang-wenang dapat menegakkan hukum guna mencapai keadilan?. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka, yang diambil dari berbagai sumber. Subjek penelitian adalah pada berbagai example yang bisa diambil dari kelompok kecil maupun kelompok besar. Sumber data digali dari data primer dan sekunder dari penelitian ini, metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, kajian Pustaka dan dokumentasi. Kemudian diproses melalui teknik analisis data. Sistematika penulisan menggambarkan tentang Otorisasi Hukum Dalam Bernegara Pendekatan Islam Dan Barat. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman akan kekuasaan hukum yang mampu memberikan keadilan dan memberikan efektivitas terhadap legalitas dari hukum itu sendiri.
Coerência entre variabilidade climática do oceano pacífico e eventos extremos climáticos em Santiago (Chile)
Authors: Fonseca da Silva Djane , Kayano Mary Toshie , Souza Neto Pedro Fernandes , Santos Fabrício Daniel Silva
Published: January 2023

O Chile está entre os 10 principais exportadores agrícolas do mundo e vem sofrendo com os eventos extremos e mudanças climáticas. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho é identificar e quantificar a relação entre índices climáticos e variáveis meteorológicas de Santiago, com a intenção de auxiliar uma melhor previsão climática local, além de trazer mais detalhes a respeito da influência do Oceano Pacífico sobre a localidade de estudo. Foram submetidos à Análise de Ondaletas dados diários de temperatura média e precipitação em Santiago, para os anos de 1961 a 2017 e essas séries, para o mesmo período, foram analisadas junto às séries dos índices de Oscilação Sul e da Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico por meio da Análise de Coerência de Ondaletas. A série de temperatura mostrou-se sob influência do ciclo de manchas solares e do El Niño Oscilação Sul, no entanto, a Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico também influenciou nos totais de chuva local. Através das Análises de Ondaletas Cruzadas encontrou-se fortes coerências mostrando que com o acompanhamento climático da variabilidade do Oceano Pacífico através de seus índices, pode-se prever estatisticamente e antecipadamente os extremos de temperatura e precipitação para Santiago.
Menzilnâmeler Üzerine Bir Literatür Değerlendirmesi
Authors: KAYA Özge Eda
Published: January 2023

Devletler idari, ekonomik ve askeri açıdan kontrollerini kolaylaştırmak adına hakimiyetleri altında bulunan topraklarda sistematik yol ağları oluşturmuşlardır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun kontrol ettiği topraklar düşünülünce, İmparatorluk içerisinde sistematik yol ağlarının oluşturulması bir zaruriyet haline gelmiştir. Bu minvalde Anadolu ve Rumeli yol ağlarında sağ, orta ve sol kol olmak üzere toplam altı adet ana yol oluşturulmuştur. Zaman içerisinde ihtiyaca yönelik olarak ana yollara bağlı tali yollar meydana gelmiştir. Merkezin taşra ile olan irtibatı ve resmi haberleşmesi ana ve tali yollar üzerinden XIX. yüzyıla kadar; ulak hükmü, menzilhane sistemi, in’am hükmü, kiracıbaşılık ve posta teşkilatı üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu dönemde yollar üzerinde hem yolların güvenliğini hem de yolcuların konaklama, yeme, içme temel ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması için menziller inşa edilmiştir. Menziller; hac menzilleri, askeri menziller ve devlet görevlilerinin-ulakların kullandığı menziller olarak temelde üçe ayrılmaktadır. Bu menziller işleyiş bakımından benzer özelliklere sahip olsalar da coğrafi konum, mimari özellik gibi konularda birbirlerinden ayrılmaktadırlar. Menzillerle ilgili bilgilere resmi belgelerin yanısıra, menzilnâmeler üzerinden ulaşılmaktadır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun kuruluşundan itibaren kullanıldığı düşünülen yol ağlarının organizasyonunu sağlayan menziller ile ilgili bu döneme kadar birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada öncelikle Osmanlı’da bulunan Anadolu ve Rumeli yol ağlarından kısaca bahsedilecektir. Daha sonra ise menzilnâme literatüründe yapılmış olan çalışmalar; askeri menzilnâmeler, hac menzilnâmeleri, devlet görevlilerinin-ulakların kullandığı menziller ve menzilleri mimari olarak inceleyen çalışmalar olarak dört ana başlık altında incelenecektir.
Laufkäferseminar in der Nördlichen Oberrhein-Niederung Bericht vom 2. Kurs der Akademie für Natur- und Umweltschutz Baden-Württemberg zu dieser Insektengruppe im Oktober 2022 mit Liste der nachgewiesenen Arten
Authors: Trautner Jürgen , Fritze Michael-Andreas , König Christian , Arlt Kira , von Berg Lea , Csader Michael , Gayer Christoph , Kimmich Thomas , Kuntz Ute , Müller Marcel , Reichardt Pauline
Published: January 2023

Es wird vom zweiten Seminar zum Thema „Laufkäfer in der Naturschutz- und Planungspraxis“ (hier Modul II) der Akademie für Natur- und Umweltschutz Baden-Württemberg berichtet, das vom 5.-7. Oktober 2022 in Karlsruhe im Naturschutzzentrum Rappenwört des Landes Baden-Württemberg stattfand. Es steht in der Reihe von Fortbildungsveranstaltungen zum Themenbereich „Artenwissen stärken – Artenvielfalt erhalten“. Laufkäfer, die eine wichtige und artenreiche Gruppe für naturschutzfachliche, landschaftsökologische und umweltplanerische Fragestellungen bilden, und für die ein umfangreiches Grundlagenwerk für Baden-Württemberg vorliegt, sind erstmals 2022 in das Kursprogramm aufgenommen worden. Ein Bericht über das erste Seminar wurde bereits publiziert. Im Rahmen des vorliegenden Berichts werden insbesondere die Aufsammlungsergebnisse der Exkursionen während des gegenständlichen Seminars (hier: 67 Arten) dokumentiert, um diese allgemein verfügbar zu machen.
PINCELADAS REPRESENTATIVAS DE LA COSMOVISIÓN AWUAJÚN-WAMPÍS / TOÉ, UN RINCÓN MÍSTICO DE REENCUENTRO CON LO ANCESTRAL AMAZÓNICO / EL VADO
Authors: Petsaín Sharup Gerardo , Yoplac Navarro Emma de Jesús Aurora , Tello Meza Fiorella Nickol Tello Meza
Published: January 2023

Pinceladas representativas de la cosmovisión Awuajún-Wampís Este trabajo presenta algunos dibujos realizados en distintos tiempos por mi persona, e intentan expresar, de algún modo, aspectos de la cosmovisión y costumbre de los pueblos originarios Amazónicos Jibaro, especialmente, Awajún y Wampís. Los dibujos han sido creados en base al contenido de relatos ancestrales y la sabiduría de nuestros viejos que aún perduran en la memoria viviente de los pueblos.

TOÉ, un rincón místico de reencuentro con lo ancestral amazónico Toé, es el nombre de un museo en Rioja, lugar místico, donde el conocimiento de la Amazonía ancestral se desborda en cada rincón y comparte con el público el acercamiento a nuestra cultura e identidad, fortaleciendo los lazos que nos distinguen como peruanos amazónicos y reivindicando nuestra historia y costumbres.

El VadoLa selva siempre ha sido muy exótica, sin embargo, lo que es llamativo para los extraños, para los habitantes del sitio suele ser el día a día. Esto se refleja en las costumbres y formas de vivir que, muchas veces, se hacen propias sin siquiera saber por qué y, otras veces, estas son impuestas. En la ciudad de Yurimaguas, departamento de Loreto, se encuentra el mercado el Vado. En el Vado, se pueden encontrar desde los productos más comunes de una canasta básica familiar hasta los más exóticos e inesperados.
EL CUENTO “KAWARITA” Y CAMBIO DE ACTITUDES AMBIENTALES EN NIÑOS ESCOLARES AWAJÚN - CONDORCANQUI, AMAZONAS, PERÚ / PERSECUCIÓN DEL ESTADO A RADIO L A VOZ EN CONTEXTO DEL “BAGUAZO” DURANTE LOS AÑOS 2009 - 2016
Authors: Arrobo Ramirez Roman , Del Águila Huainacari Nila Luz
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo de tipo cuantitativo–cualitativo con diseño preexperimental y con dos observaciones, tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia del cuento “Kawarita” en el cambio de actitudes ambientales en los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Primaria N° 17328 de la Comunidad Nativa Nueva Unida, distrito Nieva, provincia de Condorcanqui, departamento de Amazonas. Se trabajó con 62 estudiantes del primero al sexto grado. Los resultados evidencian que las actitudes ambientales cognitivas del 50% en el nivel de inicio en el pre test, disminuyó al 1,6% en el pos test; del 50% a 33% en el nivel en proceso, y, de 0% a 64,5% en el nivel satisfactorio. Asimismo, las actitudes ambientales valorativas del 24,2% que presentaron un nivel bajo, disminuyó al 0% en el pos test; el 48,4% presentó un nivel medio en el pretest comparado con un 0% en el pos test; y el 27,4% presentó un nivel alto en el pre test comparado con un 100% en el pos test. De la observación y análisis cualitativo, se evidenció el desarrollo de doce actividades ambientales conjuntas en la institución. Se concluye que el cuento “Kawarita” influye favorablemente en el cambio de actitudes ambientales de los estudiantes.
The effectiveness of modified sodium bicarbonate in the purification of exhaust gases from HCl and HF
Authors: Wysocki D. , Szymanek A.
Published: January 2023

The effectiveness of gas purification depends on the sorption properties of sorbents. The aim of the research was to determine the ability of sodium sorbents to remove gaseous pollutants such as HCl and HF.

The research used baking soda subjected to mechanical and thermal activation, which was introduced into the hot flue gas circuit, similar to the dry flue gas cleaning method used in all kinds of boilers.

In almost all cases, mechanical and thermal treatment of baking soda allowed for a significant improvement in the reduction of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride concentrations in the exhaust gases produced during the combustion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles.

The preparation of sorbents must consider the optimum development of the material's specific surface area, especially during thermal activation, to prevent pores from sintering.

In wet and dry flue gas cleaning processes, sodium compounds are used in the power industry. Appropriate preparation of the sorbent allows for improving the effectiveness of reducing the concentration of harmful substances and reducing investment and operating costs.

From the point of view of process optimisation, the results obtained will contribute to the identification of optimal operating conditions in dry sorbent injection systems to prevent the pores on the surface of the sorbent from clogging when injected into hot flue gases.
Management of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures with string of pearls locking plate in dogs
Authors: KUMAR K MANOJ , PRASAD V DEVI , LAKSHMI N DHANA , RAJU N K B
Published: January 2023

Distal femoral diaphyseal fractures in 6 dogs about 10–22 months old with body weight ranging from 12–25 kg were stabilized using String of Pearls (SOP) locking plates along with standard cortical and cancellous screws following standard AO/ASIF principles. Selection of appropriate size of plate and screws was according to body weight and type of fracture (2.7 mm plate for dogs below 12 kg body weight and 3.5 mm plate for dogs above 12 kg body weight) which provided good fracture stability. The outcome of fracture stabilization and healing was evaluated with lameness grading and radiography. Postoperatively, all the animals showed weight bearing with early functional limb usage of grade I lameness and good joint mobility in an average of 7 weeks. Functional outcome was good in four cases and excellent in two cases. The healing time in all the cases was 7–11 weeks. The fractures showed radiographically excellent postoperative healing with cortical union, absence of fracture lines and bridging callus. Based on present study, it was concluded that, String of Pearls (SOP) locking plates provided good stabilization of distal femoral diaphyseal fractures resulting in early limb ambulance and healing.
Genetic characterization of three fertility genes in Egyptian sheep and goat breeds
Authors: OTHMAN OTHMAN E , EL-KADER HEBA A ABD , EL-RAHIM ABEER H ABD , EL-MONEIM OMAIMA M ABD , ALAM SALLY S
Published: January 2023

One of the effective approaches for genetic improvement of productivity traits in farm animals is markerassisted selection (MAS) depending on the genetic markers that are associated with superior productivity traits. The improvement of fertility trait is one of the main targets in small ruminant breeding programs. This work aimed to identify RFLPs and SNPs variations among three fertility genes in Egyptian sheep and goat breeds. RFLP analysis of the amplified fragments at 462-bp from exon 1 of GDF9 using HpaII endonuclease showed the presence of two genotypes GG and AG. Depending on the presence of the restriction site of TaqI endonuclease (T^CGA) in the 348-bp amplified fragment from exon 5 of GPR54 gene, the results showed the presence of two alleles, C and T with three genotypes, viz. CC, TT and CT. The PCR amplified fragments of 190-bp from FecB gene were digested with AvaII restriction enzyme and the results showed that all tested animals had the same homozygous non-carrier genotype (++). It was concluded that the identification of genetic structure and nucleotide sequences of GDF9, GPR54 and FecB genes is considered the first step towards the genetic improvements of fertility trait in Egyptian small ruminants where these genes are associated with different fertility traits parameter like ovulation rate, ovarian follicular development, puberty and litter size in small ruminant breeds.
Asparagus racemosus aqueous root extract induced effects on cellular immune reaction of Labeo rohita (Hamilton)
Authors: SHARMA ARUN , CHADHA N K , DAS S K , SEN ARNAB , ROY S DAM , CHANU THONGAM IBEMCHA , SAWANT PARAMITA BANERJEE , PRAKASH CHANDRA
Published: January 2023

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Asparagus racemosus aqueous root extract on cellular immune reaction of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings with response to bacterial infection caused by Aeromonas hydrophila at cool hilly mid altitude region of Meghalaya. Four concentrates mixtures of pelleted diet were formulated viz. without A. racemosus aqueous root extract (control); with 50 mg A. racemosus aqueous root extract/kg of diet (AR1); with 100 mg A. racemosus aqueous root extract/kg of diet (AR2); and with 150 mg A. racemosus aqueous root extract/kg of diet (AR3). Feeding trial was conducted for 60 days. Immune reactions, viz. NBT level, phagocytic activity, total immunoglobulin level, lysozyme activity, antiprotease activity and myeloperoxidase activity of fish were determined at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of feeding. Fish were infected with A. hydrophila 60 days post feeding, mortalities (%) and agglutination antibody titre were recorded over 14 days post infection. The results showed that in the treatment group AR2, AR3, there was significantly enhanced NBT level, phagocytic activity, lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin level, antiprotease activity and myeloperoxidase activity compared to control. The treatment group AR1 NBT level, phagocytic activity, lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase activity were significantly enhanced whereas immunoglobulin level and antiprotease activity were nonsignificant compared to control. The highest survival was recorded in the AR2 (43.36±0.65) group, followed by AR3 (24.32±0.14), AR1 (17.26±0.45) and lowest were recorded in the control (3.42±0.02). The highest agglutination antibody titre was recorded in the AR2 (87.36±0.65) group followed by AR3 (49.32±0.14) and AR1 (38.26±0.45) group and lowest in control (17.42±0.02) against A. hydrophila infection. Thus, from the present study it can be deduced that feed containing A. racemosus aqueous root extracts/kg diet can influence immune reaction in L. rohita; however, AR2 group showed better result in terms of immune reaction and protection against pathogenic A. hydrophila at cool hilly mid altitude region of Meghalaya.
SWOT analysis of potato cultivation under arid conditions in western Rajasthan (India)
Authors: RANA RAJESH K , ARYA SUSHMA , KUMAR SANJAY , SINGH DHIRAJ K , CECILIA T , MARES V , QUIROZ R , KADIAN M S
Published: January 2023

India aims to produce 125 million tonnes potatoes in 2050 for ensuring food security to its natives and for achieving this massive target the country needs to explore non-traditional areas. Rajasthan in general and Jodhpur district in particular are dominated by the arid climate. The state in general and the study area in particular are not known for potato cultivation. CIP-SWCA, New Delhi and ICAR-CPRI, Shimla jointly identified potential location in Jodhpur district for successful potato introduction. SWOT analysis of socio-economic and agro-climatic factors for potato cultivation in this area is based on 110 farmersâ€™ responses. The paper identified a large number of strengths and opportunities linked to potato cultivation in the area while the recognised weaknesses and threats can be mitigated with the use of technology and through the process of focussed rural development. Agriculture in the study area, needs enhanced impetus of agricultural extension machinery and special hand-holding of relatively less aware farmers by the project implementing agency, for bringing in the desirable change.
Study of COVID-19 Health Protocol Standards in Construction Industry of Indonesia
Authors: Shima Ratih Dewi , Mahani Iris , Pribadi Krishna Suryanto , Hartono Kevin Andika
Published: January 2023

Due to the increase in GNI per capita, the Indonesian government has launched its national economic recovery program in response to the COVID-19 emergency crisis, known as the New Normal and ordered to partially resume on-hold infrastructure projects followed by the implementation of a new, integrated COVID-19 health protocol. This research presents a study of health protocol standard implementation in the construction industry with the aim of formulating recommendations for minimum criteria elements that can be used for construction services companies at all levels. The domain-taxonomy analysis approach was used as the research method: the ISO/PAS 45005:2020 and ILO standards were adapted to Ministerial Regulation of PUPR No. 10 Year 2020. A gap analysis was conducted with Singapore, Malaysia, and Australia. The analysis generated four segregated main groups of elements with level-2 sub criteria. The main groups of elements were: Planning, Prevention, Handling, and Control and Evaluation. These criteria were validated and implemented in a case study of state-owned construction enterprises, here called PT. X and PT. Y, with large, qualified construction companies. From the implementation analysis it was found that PT. X and PT. Y had implemented the minimum criteria of the COVID-19 health protocol for construction workers very well.
ON STIMULATION OF INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARTSAKH
Authors: Bagiryan Zaven , Nersisyan Artur
Published: January 2023

The introduction of a modernized, flexible economic strategy and the consistent application of that strategy are crucial to resolving the post-war Artsakh economy's current crisis. An integral component of state policy, economic policy has a direct impact on social, public, and political spheres in addition to the economy. When the challenges facing the Republic of Artsakh are examined, it becomes clear that hybrid approaches must be used to address the problems at hand. The Republic of Artsakh's economy has continued to grow in an unusual environment, which serves as the foundation for the use of hybrid approaches. The development of global political, military, and economic barriers that prevent the application of strategy and sustainable economic growth are all related to AR. The opportunity to respond to both the practical resolution of unforeseen issues and the implementation of mid-term and long-term goals through development road maps is provided by the continual development strategy.
EFFECT OF AMELIORANT AND FERTILIZERS ON SOIL FILTRATION PROPERTIES, PLANT WATER REGIME, AND FERTILITY UNDER NATURAL CONDITIONS
Authors: Galstyan Saribek , Tokmajyan Hovhannes , Mikayelyan Nver , Ohanyan Hovsep
Published: January 2023

The effect of the PMM polymer-mineral additive on enhancing the filtration properties of the soil, increasing the drought resistance of plants, and increasing the yield of agricultural crops was investigated in post-forest brown, stony, calcareous, medium-thick soils of the foothill zone. The influence of the introduction of the "PMM" additive, both separately and together with fertilizers, on the dynamics of changes in moisture and dissolved nutrients in the soil layer, the amount of water evaporated from a unit of leaf area per unit of time was revealed. The experiments revealed that these agrotechnical practices help to create a favorable environment, rich in nutrients and moisture, in the upper horizon of arable land (0–15 cm), which is essential for increasing crop yields.
EVALUATION OF THE GETAVAN-1 HYDROSCHEME'S SEDIMENTATION REGIME AND THE CREATION OF SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION FLUSHING EFFECTIVE MEASURES
Authors: Baljyan Pargev , Hayriyan Georgi , Javadyan Hayk , Mesropyan Susanna
Published: January 2023

The volume of sediment accumulations in the upstream reach of the dam and the selection of an efficient flushing measurse are determined by the accurate hydrological regime assessment that is made when designing run-of-river structures. In the Tartar River's water intake head sedimentation regime was investigated, the potential accumulation volumes on the dam's upper side were calculated, and a functional design for the deposited sediment flushing unit’s operation scheme was developed. Due to the lack of necessary data, the flow rate in the Tartar River water receiving head was measured using three parallel methods that were discovered through research on local watercourses. A comparative analysis of three sediment flow values was done and its calculated value is defined, on the basis of which the annual volume of sediment subject to accumulation in front of the dam of the head and the possible infilling size of the sediment in the upstream reach was determined. The rational placement of the outlets for flushing deposited sediment is shown while taking into account the volume of deposits, the geometric properties of the head, and its upstream reach.
A Critical Study of Slang
Authors: Dr Zafar Hussain Haral  , Waqar Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Slangs are social criticism. In which rebellious and social values are apparent. Very often, the human psyche and parameters of society do not comply with slang words and idioms. The words, society admits without any excuse become admirers and grant weightage to the language. But such words, confined day today part of the language, are somewhat rude and of immoral sense are known as Slangs.
Humour of Pitras Bukhari & Eternity
Authors: Matloob Hussain
Published: January 2023

Patras Bukhari is regarded as one of the most important and professed humorists of Urdu literature. He has written very simple and general topics on life. Patras was a multidisciplinary personality, he had proficiency in specialized English. This is why the material in his writings is derived from Eastern civilization and the style reflects the West’s technical and cultural diversity and the simplicity of the style adds to the impression. “Petras kay Mazameen” is full of amusement containing humor, farce, and satire. He initiates the laughing hormones of the reader to secrete through his humourist pen.
Letter Writing of Allama Shibli Nomani
Authors: Muhammad Tanveer
Published: January 2023

Allama Shibli Nomani was a famous historian of the subcontinent. His letters to different personalities like Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Nawab Mehdi Ali and Molana Habiburrehman Sherwani, etc are masterpieces in themselves. His letters are written in a comprehensive, lucid, and scholarly language. He discussed social, political, educational, and scholarly matters in his letters. Some of his letters are romantic. His language is literary, simple, and full of sincerity.