bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypointense signal lesion on susceptibility-weighted imaging as a potential indicator of vertebral artery dissection in medullary infarction
Authors: Sung Euihyun , Sung Wonjae , Lee Young-Jun , Jeong So Yeong , Jeong Soo , Kim Hyun Young , Kwon Hyuk Sung , Koh Seong-Ho , Kim Young Seo
Published: March 2024

Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is often associated with medullary infarction; however, an underlying cause may be underestimated. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic potential of hypointense signal lesions along the arterial pathways using susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) as a feasible indicator of VAD in medullary infarction. A retrospective analysis was conducted using clinical data, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography records of 79 patients diagnosed with medullary infarction between January 2014 and December 2021. Patients were categorized into an angiography-confirmed dissection group and a non-dissection group based on imaging findings. A new possible dissection group was identified using SWI, including cases with hypointense signals along the arteries without calcification or cardioembolism. We compared the clinical characteristics of the two groups before and after the addition of the hypointense signal as a marker of VAD. The angiography-confirmed dissection group included 12 patients (15%). Among patients lacking angiographic VAD evidence, 14 subjects displayed hypointense signals on SWI: nine patients along the vertebral artery and five subjects at the posterior inferior cerebellar artery without calcification or cardioembolism. The newly classified dissection group was younger, had a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus and stroke history, and revealed increased headaches compared to the non-dissection group. Hypointense signal detection on SWI in medullary infarctions shows promise as a diagnostic indicator for VAD. Suspicion of VAD is needed when the hypointense signal on SWI is noted, and considering different treatment strategies with angiographic follow-up will be helpful.
A machine learning toolbox for the analysis of sharp-wave ripples reveals common waveform features across species
Authors: Navas-Olive Andrea , Rubio Adrian , Abbaspoor Saman , Hoffman Kari L. , de la Prida Liset M.
Published: March 2024

The study of sharp-wave ripples has advanced our understanding of memory function, and their alteration in neurological conditions such as epilepsy is considered a biomarker of dysfunction. Sharp-wave ripples exhibit diverse waveforms and properties that cannot be fully characterized by spectral methods alone. Here, we describe a toolbox of machine-learning models for automatic detection and analysis of these events. The machine-learning architectures, which resulted from a crowdsourced hackathon, are able to capture a wealth of ripple features recorded in the dorsal hippocampus of mice across awake and sleep conditions. When applied to data from the macaque hippocampus, these models are able to generalize detection and reveal shared properties across species. We hereby provide a user-friendly open-source toolbox for model use and extension, which can help to accelerate and standardize analysis of sharp-wave ripples, lowering the threshold for its adoption in biomedical applications.
Topical application of calcitonin gene-related peptide as a regenerative, antifibrotic, and immunomodulatory therapy for corneal injury
Authors: Zidan Asmaa A. , Zhu Shuyan , Elbasiony Elsayed , Najafi Sheyda , Lin Zhirong , Singh Rohan Bir , Naderi Amirreza , Yin Jia
Published: March 2024

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a multifunctional neuropeptide abundantly expressed by corneal nerves. Using a murine model of corneal mechanical injury, we found CGRP levels in the cornea significantly reduced after injury. Topical application of CGRP as an eye drop accelerates corneal epithelial wound closure, reduces corneal opacification, and prevents corneal edema after injury in vivo. CGRP promotes corneal epithelial cell migration, proliferation, and the secretion of laminin. It reduces TGF-β1 signaling and prevents TGF-β1-mediated stromal fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis. CGRP preserves corneal endothelial cell density, morphology, and pump function, thus reducing corneal edema. Lastly, CGRP reduces neutrophil infiltration, macrophage maturation, and the production of inflammatory cytokines in the cornea. Taken together, our results show that corneal nerve-derived CGRP plays a cytoprotective, pro-regenerative, anti-fibrotic, and anti-inflammatory role in corneal wound healing. In addition, our results highlight the critical role of sensory nerves in ocular surface homeostasis and injury repair.
Countering exclusionary infrastructure in apartment waste management: Towards a relational place-based governance in Victoria
Authors: Middha Bhavna , Horne Ralph
Published: March 2024

In this paper we illustrate how normalised practices and strategies of waste management pay insufficient attention to social life and distributional impacts by excluding apartments and placing them at the margins of domestic waste management. In considering shifts towards more circular post-consumption systems, this paper describes the problematic policy and regulatory imaginary of apartment waste management within the Circular Economy narratives of sustainable domestic waste management. We present an argument for a relational approach to domestic waste as a counterpoint to technocentric and market-based approaches, with implications for governance and infrastructures of apartment waste management. We illustrate how spatio-temporal and socio-material bundles of practices could chart new directions for reduction and collection. We seek to demonstrate how relational place-based measures and shifts in practices in Victoria and elsewhere could counter exclusionary infrastructure by more purposefully including the marginal spaces that apartments inhabit.
Sensitivity Enhancement in Environmental NMR: Current Technologies and Future Potential
Authors: Wolff W. W. , Lysak D. H. , Costa P. M. , Simpson A. J.
Published: March 2024

NMR is without a doubt a powerful tool to improve our understanding of the environment but has yet to proliferate through environmental chemistry as a broadly used analytical technique. This chapter discusses approaches to overcome the most significant limitation of environmental NMR: low sensitivity. While great strides to enhance sensitivity have been made and applied to other fields of NMR, most have yet to be applied to environmental samples. Despite this, many modern techniques such as improved NMR hardware, the use of sophisticated hyperpolarization techniques and the implementation of pulse sequences that increase the information density (and thus the overall throughput of the NMR experiment) present promising options to study the environment. A brief introduction to these three areas of sensitivity enhancement is given in this chapter, along with explanations of the underlying theory and examples of how these approaches could be applied to environmental NMR.
Comprehensive Multiphase NMR: Natural Samples in Their Natural State
Authors: Ghosh Biswas R. , Jenne A. , Bastawrous M. , Labine L. , Soong R. , Simpson A.
Published: March 2024

In their native states, most natural samples exist as complex heterogeneous mixtures, with conformation, associations between phases, and transfer across phases being critical to biological function and environmental reactivity. Often analytical techniques to observe natural samples tend to be destructive to the sample itself and/or can only monitor individual phases (solution or solid). Comprehensive multiphase NMR (CMP-NMR) is a non-invasive technique capable of monitoring all phases (solution, gel, and solid) and their interactions such as binding and phase transformation in intact samples at the molecular level. Thus far, CMP-NMR has been used to observe numerous environmental multi-phase processes in soil, as well as living organisms. This chapter will discuss all applications of CMP-NMR to date to demonstrate the applicability and versatility of CMP-NMR to observe structural changes and interactions in complex systems.
MRI of Soil and Soil–Root Processes
Authors: Pohlmeier A. , Haber-Pohlmeier S.
Published: March 2024

In this chapter, we review the basics of using NMR relaxometry and imaging (MRI) to monitor and analyse water processes in soils and interactions. We first give a brief overview of some special problems in the use of NMR in soil materials caused by rapid relaxation processes in natural porous media. With this knowledge, it is then possible to optimize imaging of water in soils and solute transport in soil–root systems and to set up suitable MRI pulse sequences. The chapter continues with some examples on relaxometric properties and mapping of water content in soil samples. Finally, root–soil interactions are explored through relaxometric imaging of the rhizosphere and solute accumulation in the root system.
NMR Relaxation in Porous Media for Environmental Applications
Authors: Mavridis A. , D’Agostino C.
Published: March 2024

Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation is a powerful, non-intrusive technique, which has been extensively used in several areas of science and engineering to study the behaviour of fluids in porous media, as well as the structure of the porous media themselves. In this chapter, we introduce the very basics of the theory behind these methods, and we explore some of the ways in which they have been used to study the properties of soils and porous rocks, for several different topics relevant to current environmental issues.
MRI, Pollution, and Human Health: Recent Advances in Clinical Practice
Authors: Riva G. , Spadaro A.
Published: March 2024

Air pollution is caused by microscopic particles that are responsible for health damage. Particulate matter can be either ingested with saliva, thus damaging the gastrointestinal tract, or it can be inhaled, thereby affecting the respiratory system. Applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the gastrointestinal district have been known for some time. Conversely, lung MRI has not gained attraction, yet, due to several problems, among which long acquisition times, requiring apneas of a few minutes to avoid motion artifacts, and spatial resolution play the major role. The introduction of artificial intelligence will make it possible to acquire reliable images without the long apnea problems and automatically eliminate breathing artifacts. This chapter deals with the newest developments of MRI applied to health problems caused by environmental pollution.
Basics of NMR Spectroscopy (for Novices)
Authors: Lo Meo P.
Published: March 2024

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy plays a paramount role in modern organic chemistry because it is the most important technique used for assessing the structure of both natural and synthetic organic molecules. It is also extremely useful for studying bio-macromolecules, organic materials, and supramolecular systems. This introductory presentation aims at drawing, for non-expert people, an elementary outline of the NMR techniques and their main uses. The basic issues of NMR – nuclear spin and its interaction with a magnetic field, NMR instrumentation, spin coupling, double resonance, and 2D techniques – are addressed.
Introduction to FFC NMR Theory and Models for Complex and Confined Fluids
Authors: Bortolotti V. , Brizi L. , Landi G. , Testa C. , Zama F.
Published: March 2024

This appendix intends to provide the reader with the basic principles of the fast field cycling (FFC) technique for studying fluids in complex systems, such as, for example, porous media or cementitious materials. The topics covered do not claim completeness and total formal correctness. Over time, a wide variety of mathematical models have been developed to interpret the results of FFC measurements performed on samples of different types. Only a simplified review of a short and arbitrary list of FFC models, effective in practical applications, is provided in the appendix. No application examples or comparisons among models are shown. The reader is warmly invited to continue the study of the vast specialized literature, starting from the bibliography proposed at the end of the appendix (References) and the references quoted therein. A minimal knowledge of the concepts and terminology used in both quantum mechanics and NMR is required to efficiently and profitably use the material presented in this appendix.
Genesis of the Signal in MRI
Authors: Riva G. , Spadaro A.
Published: March 2024

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to obtain detailed images of the human body, when applied in medicine, or any other 3D complex system, such as soils, rocks, etc. MRI utilizes the interactions between magnetic fields and the proton nuclei present in the system under observation to generate, e.g., anatomical and functional images. In particular, when medicine is concerned, the patient is positioned inside a large static magnet. Radiofrequency coils are used to generate pulses that allow protons of the water molecules in the body to be excited. Then, following relaxation, protons in the various body compartments behave differently. Finally, sophisticated software analysis is able to generate 3D images of the body or a part of it. MRI can provide detailed information about the anatomical structure of tissues and their function as well. For example, through the use of specific contrast agents, it is possible to evaluate perfusion and blood flow in certain tissues. MRI can also be used to detect structural abnormalities, tumours, injuries, inflammation, and other pathological conditions. Thanks to artificial intelligence, it is also possible to improve the speed of image acquisition and image quality. Recent applications are also emerging for studying the chest using fast sequences such as gradient echo and single shot with appropriate weighting. In the near future, thanks to the absence of ionizing radiation, it may be possible to use MRI in the screening of lung cancer and in the study of respiratory conditions related to air pollution.
Engineered two-dimensional nanomaterials based diagnostics integrated with internet of medical things (IoMT) for COVID-19
Authors: Sadique Mohd. Abubakar , Yadav Shalu , Khan Raju , Srivastava Avanish K.
Published: March 2024

Engineered 2D nanomaterials-based smartphone-assisted detection approaches integrated with IoMT, focusing on reliable, sensitive, and rapid diagnostics for COVID-19.
Barite oxygen isotope reference materials for highly precise and accurate SIMS microanalysis
Authors: Tian Lan-Lan , Guan Yue , Xie Wen-Li , Xu Kexin , Tong Feng-Tai , Yang Tao , Peng Yong-Bo , Wang Xiao-Lei
Published: March 2024

Barite is an important record of marine sulfate evolution throughout geologic history.
Droplet microfluidic system for high throughput and passive selection of bacteria producing biosurfactants
Authors: Staskiewicz Klaudia , Dabrowska-Zawada Maria , Kozon Lukasz , Olszewska Zofia , Drewniak Lukasz , Kaminski Tomasz S.
Published: March 2024

Novel microfluidic technique for functional selection of biosurfactant-producing microorganisms. Single bacterial cells are encapsulated into picoliter droplets for clonal cultivation and passively sorted at high throughput by interfacial tension.
Unlocking the potential of rice bran through extrusion: a systematic review
Authors: KC Yadav , Mitchell Jaquie , Bhandari Bhesh , Prakash Sangeeta
Published: March 2024

Rice bran (RB) is a by-product of the rice milling process and is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds making it a valuable ingredient for extruded foods.
Research on the design and simulation of immersive VR considering peer‐to‐peer streaming media live broadcasting algorithm
Authors: Jin Hu , Zheng Rong
Published: March 2024

The utilisation of P2P tech in streaming media live broadcasting algorithm can effectively link the nodes in the endpoint and accelerate the establishment of efficient transmission channels between nodes, so as to ensure the data feasibility of video live broadcasting of terminal nodes. The simulation system of immersive virtual reality tech provides intelligent interactive experience and design framework. Its integration with P2P network streaming media live broadcast can bring users a stronger sense of experience, interaction and substitution, and provide high‐quality streaming media live broadcast service. On account of this, the authors first analyse the principle and utilisation of peer‐to‐peer network tech, then study the streaming media live broadcast algorithm considering peer‐to‐peer network and the design of P2P‐based streaming media live broadcast algorithm, and finally give the immersive virtual reality simulation of P2P‐based streaming media live broadcast scheduling algorithm.
Becquerel et la photographie couleur en 1848
Authors: Languille Marie-Angélique , de Seauve Théa , Lavédrine Bertrand
Published: March 2024

En 1848, Edmond Becquerel (1820-1891) introduit un procédé de photographie capable de reproduire les couleurs naturelles. Ces images dites « photochromatiques » ne connaitront pas d’applications pratiques parmi les photographes ; elles susciteront cependant un long débat au sein de la communauté scientifique pour expliquer l’origine des couleurs.
China-Thailand Buddhist mural research: To create the visual art work of the “Three worlds”
Authors: Feng Junxian , Suaysuwan Panu , Somthai Pitiwat
Published: March 2024

A study of Sino-Thai Buddhist murals: research for the creation of a visual art work on the theme of The Three Realms The purpose of the study was to examine the development and artistic characteristics of Sino-Thai Buddhist murals as well as the content of the Thai Buddhist classic The Three Realms of Phra Luang and the Buddhist spirituality and worldview. The study summarizes the characteristics of Chinese and Thai mural paintings in terms of modeling and color composition through literature research, fieldwork, and data combing. The final result of the research is the symbiotic use of mural symbols and colors shared by China and Thailand, and the creation of visual art works with the characteristics of cultural symbiosis by combining the new design spirit with the cultural themes of the three worlds.
Discussion on the spatial design of elderly care buildings under the concept of ageing-friendly concept
Authors: Liu Jingdong , Wei Qingfeng
Published: March 2024

With the development of China's economy, the aging of the population is becoming more and more prominent, and China will enter a stage of deep aging. With the development of social economy and social progress, China's urban residents have put forward higher requirements for social and economic development. Judging from the survey results in recent years, the currently designed buildings are not suitable for the elderly to live in, which is not conducive to improving the quality of life of the elderly. This paper firstly introduces the influencing factors of modern pension building space design, then states the principles of pension building space design, and finally describes the problems and solutions existing in the current design of pension buildings under the concept of ageing.
The Artistic Expression and Integration of Traditional Culture in Traditional Chinese Medicine Art: Innovative Paths and Practical Exploration
Authors: Sun Luchen
Published: March 2024

This article conducts an in-depth study on the artistic expression and integration of traditional culture in traditional Chinese medicine art, proposing strategies for innovative paths and practical exploration. Regarding the resonance and innovation in traditional culture, the article emphasizes the urgency of innovation in traditional Chinese medicine art through the exploration of its traditional cultural roots. It also discusses the balance between traditional culture and modern aesthetics. In the diversified exploration of artistic expression, the article pays attention to the inheritance of artistic conception of Chinese painting attempts to integrate contemporary art forms, and explores the application of multimedia technology in traditional Chinese medicine art. Furthermore, the article delves into the reconstruction of cultural symbols and their global dissemination, including the exploration of the connotations of symbols in traditional Chinese medicine culture, innovative methods for symbol reconstruction, and strategies for the international dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine art. Finally, through practical exploration and prospects, the article proposes specific development directions, such as exhibitions and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine art, innovative practices in traditional Chinese medicine art education, and the deep integration of technology with traditional Chinese medicine art. The aim of this article is to provide beneficial insights for the sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine art, promoting the display of its unique charm on the international stage.
Visual aesthetic in the restoration of Qin-zither damaged lacquer surface: Taking the restoration of ZhuSe Qin-zither as an example
Authors: Yang Ding , Zeng Li , Wang Yifei
Published: March 2024

For Qin-zither with Literati and artistic temperament, there are high requirements for visual aesthetic in the restoration of damaged lacquer surface. In order to avoid the subjectivity and uncertainty of the traditional restoration method, the role of visual aesthetic in Qin-zither lacquer restoration is studied. This article proposes using the figure-ground visual relationship to analyze the figure-ground relationship between the patching surface and the original surface, assisting in restoration decision-making. During the repair process, the main lacquer patching range and shape are determined based on the visual balance of the composition. According to the final aesthetic effect, the grinding and painting repair method is selected to achieve a beautiful patching lacquer surface with different color layers in harmony with the original lacquer part. In the process of Qin-zither restoration, the visual aesthetic is permeated in the processing of figure and ground relationship, the harmony between the patching surface and the original lacquer part and the creation of lacquer layer.
Construction, control and identification: The generation mechanism of para-intimate relationships between idols and fans
Authors: Lan Yating
Published: March 2024

The development of the Internet and digital media has given birth to new forms of idol worship, with more interactive and authentic interactions between idols and fans. This paper analyses the generation mechanism of the para-intimate relationship and summarises three aspects: construction, control and identification. Audiences complete the construction of the impression, are defined as “fans” in the emotional regime and form relationships by constructing different roles. The two-way control between fans and idols is seen in the maintenance of para-intimate relationships in the horizontal time dimension; furthermore, individual and collective identifications promote the strengthening of the relationship in the vertical depth. These discussions introduce theories about intimate relationships into fandom studies, develop research on the latest fan-idol relationships and provide insights into the psychology and media use of contemporary youth.
How can health science popularization KOL better produce professional voices?
Authors: Chen Yixiao
Published: March 2024

Health science popularization, as an effective strategy for transmitting health knowledge and improving audience health literacy, has received increasing attention in the past two years. This paper takes the official account - "Oria, a specially grounded nutritionist" as an example, and uses the communication research method of online ethnography and content analysis to explore how blogger Xie Lifeng, as a KOL in the field of health science popularization, can make a professional voice and do a good job in the path and method of health nutrition science popularization in the We Media era. The study ultimately found that in terms of content production and dissemination, it is necessary to do a good job in health and nutrition science popularization. Self media users need to work together from multiple aspects such as segmented vertical production, creating personalized and distinctive IPs, establishing online community forms, and expanding communication channels and platforms.
An Analysis of Music Composition Techniques of Bao Yuankai: Case Study of “Little Cabbage”
Authors: Wei Sun , Daoruang Krisada
Published: March 2024

The composition techniques of the folk song “Little Cabbage” within Chinese composer Bao Yuankai's “Yan Huang Feng Qing” are analyzed as research subjects. The concept of symphonic Chinese folk songs and musical creation techniques are investigated. The manner in which the composer incorporates Chinese and Western music theories in his compositions through the application of musical theory techniques is analyzed. The results of the research findings were: 1) The Chinese pentatonic scale 2) The use of Chinese folk melody in Western orchestra and 3) 3 Music texture: polyphonic technique and Chinese melody fusion. Exploring the composer's concept of symphonic Chinese folk songs is of paramount importance for further inheriting and advocating China's outstanding folk music culture.
The Past Evolution, Present Challenge and Future Prospect of the Post-Truth Research
Authors: Zheng Feiyang
Published: March 2024

In the past few years, the phenomenon of post truth has become popular in Western countries. It refers to the fact that public emotions and personal beliefs have a greater impact on facts than the actual situation itself. The history of the post truth phenomenon can be traced back to the 1970s, but in recent years, due to the widespread use of digital and social media, the spread of fake news has become even more rampant. The phenomenon of post truth has become a new political culture, regarded as a manifestation of populist movements that resist elites. Currently, the post truth phenomenon faces some challenges. With the frequent occurrence of major public emergencies, new impetus has been provided for the popularization and complexity of post truth. After the COVID-19, people began to connect their personal situation with the health of the whole society, which further aroused the public's attention to the truth. However, studying post truth faces many challenges, such as how to explain the phenomenon of post truth, the motivation of fake news, and the persuasive strategies of news. In future prospects, the focus of truth after research may shift towards the role of emotions. Emotions are increasingly valued in social sciences. Understanding the relationship between emotions and facts will help to better understand post truth phenomena. Emotion is not only the opposite of truth or rationality, but also an important component of cognitive psychology and even a resource for social mobilization and integration. Further research on the role of emotional discourse will help reveal the social and cultural aspects of post truth phenomena. In summary, the evolution of post truth phenomena, current challenges, and future prospects are all important aspects of studying post truth. A thorough study of the history, motivation, and impact of post truth phenomena will help us better understand and respond to the challenges of post truth phenomena, and provide new directions for future research.
Assessing the relationship between self-regulated strategies in digital writing and L2 grit for EFL learners
Authors: Li Yinqing
Published: March 2024

The development of digital tools has been reshaping students’ writing experiences in their second language (L2). However, writing can be a challenging task for English as foreign language (EFL) learners and more study needs to investigate how this highly effort-demanding experience is related to their grit. This study investigates the relationship between self-regulated strategies in digital writing and L2 grit for EFL learners. A total of 128 undergraduate students from China participated in this study. Drawing on the self-regulated learning theory with data from Writing Strategies for Self-Regulated Learning Questionnaires, stimulated recall methods, and semi-structured interviews (n=8), this study revealed that one aspect of grit, perseverance of effort, was a positive predicator for self-regulated writing strategies. Moreover, students perceived this relation while also noted other influencers (e.g., demands for high scores). Pedagogical implications regarding L2 writing in this digital age will be discussed.
Music of Panwang Festival ceremony in northern Guangdong Province China
Authors: Liu YiFei , Daoruang Krisada
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to study The Historical Background of the Panwang Festival and its Ceremonial Music Characteristics in the Yao Region of Northern Guangdong Province, China.Use qualitative research processes along with field studies. Data were collected through interviews and literature researchThe history and current situation of the Yao ethnic group and their ancestor worship ceremony, the Panwang Festival, in Ruyuan County, northern Guangdong, China, are discussed, and the characteristics of the ceremonial music of the Panwang Festival are analysed.the research found were: 1) Geographical Characteristics and Ethnic History of the Yao Ethnic Area in Ruyuan County, Northern Guangdong Province. 2) History and content of the "Panwang Festival" rituals in the region. 3)Characteristics of musical instruments, songs and singing in the "Panwang Festival" ceremonies of the region. It reveals the geographical features, history and humanity of the Yao region in northern Guangdong as well as the unique musical style and cultural connotations of the Panwang Festival ritual music in the region. The aim is to better understand and pass on the Yao music culture, to excavate and reveal its cultural connotations and values, to promote cross-cultural exchanges and academic co-operation, and to contribute to the protection and development of Yao music culture.
Investigation into the Promotion and Instruction of Chinese Traditional Music in Liaocheng Peiwen School of Peking University
Authors: Guo Junyao , Chiu Dickson K.W.
Published: March 2024

This research investigates the promotion and instruction of Chinese Traditional music in Liaocheng Peiwen School of Peking University. The first author, an alum with a decade of pedagogical experience, examined the challenges faced by private schools in providing tailored regulatory frameworks for Chinese Traditional music education. We share practical experience, drawing on the successful establishment of the school-based course "Chinese Folk Music and Geography." As the course is offered each year during the geography exam for students in their second year of junior high school, singing folk songs while learning geography enables students to explore China's beautiful landscapes while broadening their horizons. Students can understand the connection between folk music and geography, assisting their preparation for the exam.
Foreign Communication of Ethnic Minority Films in the Perspective of Chinese Modernization
Authors: Chen Youxin
Published: March 2024

Ethnic minority films play an important strategic role in foreign communication. From the internal perspective of landscape construction in Chinese minority films, this paper examines the practice of self-expression of such films in terms of natural and humanistic landscapes in the past. From the external perspective of "other" thinking, this paper examines the lack of self-image in the past minority films. In the face of such a lack of position, this paper considers the path of discourse breakthrough in the light of Chinese modernization, which is the latest achievement of the Communist Party of China (CPC)'s century-long modernization ideological development, and argues that in order to further "go to the sea", ethnic minority films need to be "firm and self-centered, and at the same time embrace the whole world", It is believed that in order to further "go overseas", ethnic minority films need to "firmly focus on themselves and have a heart for the whole world", and "go deep into the culture and express their national characteristics".
Die ambulant-aufsuchende Versorgung von an Krebs erkrankten Kindern
aus Sicht der Erziehungsberechtigten
Authors: Karbach Ute , Krawiec Sarah , Remmert Stephan , Toenne Rebecca , Reinhardt Dirk , Schneider Dominik T. , Simon Thorsten , Waack-Buchholz Katharina , Kristiment Rebecca
Published: March 2024

Hintergrund Jedes Jahr wird in Deutschland bei durchschnittlich ca. 2200
Kinder und Jugendliche eine onkologische Erkrankung diagnostiziert. Bislang gibt
es kaum Angebote einer ambulant-aufsuchenden Versorgung für diese
Patientengruppe. Im Rahmen eines Pilotprojektes werden an Krebs erkrankte Kinder
und Jugendliche von einem interdisziplinären Team im häuslichen Umfeld versorgt.
Die Erfahrungen der Erziehungsberechtigten mit dem neuen Versorgungskonzept
werden in einer qualitativ-explorativen Studie untersucht.Patienten In der
Interviewstudie werden Erziehungsberechtigte von an Krebs erkrankten Kindern
befragt.

Methode Qualitativ-explorative Interviewstudie zur Erfassung der
subjektiven Erfahrungen der Erziehungsberechtigten. Die Stichprobenziehung
erfolgte Kriterien geleitet. Die Analyse erfolgte qualitativ-inhaltsanalytisch.
Zur Erfassung soziodemografischer Merkmale erhielten die Befragten einen
Online-Fragebogen.

Ergebnisse Es nahmen elf Frauen und drei Männer im Alter zwischen 30 und
60 Jahren an der Studie teil. Das durchschnittliche Alter der erkrankten Kinder
betrug 8,43 Jahre. Fünf Erziehungsberechtigte geben an, dass die Erkrankung des
Kindes weder zu einer Reduktion der Arbeitszeit noch zur Beendigung des
Arbeitsverhältnisses geführt hat. Durch die ambulant-aufsuchende Versorgung
ergeben sich subjektiv wahrgenommene Entlastungen im Familienalltag, die
insbesondere durch eine zeitliche Entlastung entstehen. Weiterhin wird eine
Reduktion des psychischen Stressempfindens beschrieben.

Diskussion/Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse sind aufgrund des
Studiendesigns als richtungsweisend zu betrachten und sollten um
quantitativ-repräsentative Studien ergänzt werden.
A fragment-based approach for computing the long-term visual evolution of historical maps
Authors: Petitpierre Remi , Uhl Johannes H. , di Lenardo Isabella , Kaplan Frédéric
Published: March 2024

Cartography, as a strategic technology, is a historical marker. Maps are tightly connected to the cultural construction of the environment. The increasing availability of digital collections of historical map images provides an unprecedented opportunity to study large map corpora. Corpus linguistics has led to significant advances in understanding how languages change. Research on large map corpora could in turn significantly contribute to understanding cultural and historical changes. We develop a methodology for cartographic stylometry, with an approach inspired by structuralist linguistics, considering maps as visual language systems. As a case study, we focus on a corpus of 10,000 French and Swiss maps, published between 1600 and 1950. Our method is based on the fragmentation of the map image into elementary map units. A fully interpretable feature representation of these units is computed by contrasting maps from different, coherent cartographic series, based on a set of candidate visual features (texture, morphology, graphical load). The resulting representation effectively distinguishes between map series, enabling the elementary units to be grouped into types, whose distribution can be examined over 350 years. The results show that the analyzed maps underwent a steady abstraction process during the 17th and 18th centuries. The 19th century brought a lasting scission between small- and large-scale maps. Macroscopic trends are also highlighted, such as a surge in the production of fine lines, and an increase in map load, that reveal cultural fashion processes and shifts in mapping practices. This initial research demonstrates how cartographic stylometry can be used for exploratory research on visual languages and cultural evolution in large map corpora, opening an effective dialogue with the history of cartography. It also deepens the understanding of cartography by revealing macroscopic phenomena over the long term.
Automation of etch pit analyses on solid-state nuclear track detectors with machine learning for laser-driven ion acceleration
Authors: Taguchi T. , Minami T. , Hihara T. , Nikaido F. , Asai T. , Sakai K. , Abe Y. , Yogo A. , Arikawa Y. , Kohri H. , Tokiyasu A. O. , Chu C. M. , Woon W. Y. , Kodaira S. , Kanasaki M. , Fukuda Y. , Kuramitsu Y.
Published: March 2024

Solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) are often used as ion detectors in laser-driven ion acceleration experiments and are considered to be the most reliable ion diagnostics since they are sensitive only to ions and measure ions one by one. However, ion pit analyses require tremendous time and effort in chemical etching, microscope scanning, and ion pit identification by eyes. From a laser-driven ion acceleration experiment, there are typically millions of microscopic images, and it is practically impossible to analyze all of them by hand. This research aims to improve the efficiency and automation of SSNTD analyses for laser-driven ion acceleration. We use two sets of data obtained from calibration experiments with a conventional accelerator where ions with known nuclides and energies are generated and from actual laser experiments using SSNTDs. After chemical etching and scanning the SSNTDs with an optical microscope, we use machine learning to distinguish the ion etch pits from noises. From the results of the calibration experiment, we confirm highly accurate etch-pit detection with machine learning. We are also able to detect etch pits with machine learning from the laser-driven ion acceleration experiment, which is much noisier than calibration experiments. By using machine learning, we successfully identify ion etch pits ∼105 from more than 10 000 microscopic images with a precision of ≳95%. A million microscopic images can be examined with a recent entry-level computer within a day with high precision. Machine learning tremendously reduces the time consumption on ion etch pit analyses detected on SSNTDs.
A device for magnetic-field angle control in magneto-optical filters using a solenoid-permanent magnet pair
Authors: Alqarni Sharaa A. , Briscoe Jack D. , Higgins Clare R. , Logue Fraser D. , Pizzey Danielle , Robertson-Brown Thomas G. , Hughes Ifan G.
Published: March 2024

Atomic bandpass filters are used in a variety of applications due to their narrow bandwidths and high transmission at specific frequencies. Predominantly, these filters are in the Faraday (Voigt) geometry, using an applied axial (transverse) magnetic field with respect to the laser propagation direction. Recently, there has been interest in filters realized with arbitrary-angle magnetic fields, which have been made by rotating permanent magnets with respect to the k-vector of the interrogating laser beam. However, the magnetic field angle achievable with this method is limited as field uniformity across the cell decreases as the rotation angle increases. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a new method of generating an arbitrary-angle magnetic field, using a solenoid to produce a small, and easily alterable, axial field, in conjunction with fixed permanent magnets to produce a large transverse field. We directly measure the fields produced by both methods, finding them to be very similar over the length of the vapor cell. We then compare the transmission profiles of filters produced using both methods, again finding excellent agreement. Finally, we demonstrate the sensitivity of the filter profile to changing magnetic field angle (solenoid current), which becomes easier to exploit with the much improved angle control and precision offered by our new design.
Neutron source reconstruction using a generalized expectation–maximization algorithm on one-dimensional neutron images from the Z facility
Authors: Ricketts S. A. , Mangan M. A. , Volegov P. , Fittinghoff D. N. , Lewis W. E. , Mannion O. M. , Morel J. E. , Adams M. L. , Ampleford D. J.
Published: March 2024

Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion experiments have been performed at the Z facility at Sandia National Laboratories. These experiments use deuterium fuel, which produces 2.45 MeV neutrons on reaching thermonuclear conditions. To study the spatial structure of neutron production, the one-dimensional imager of neutrons diagnostic was fielded to record axial resolved neutron images. In this diagnostic, neutrons passing through a rolled edge aperture form an image on a CR-39-based solid state nuclear track detector. Here, we present a modified generalized expectation–maximization algorithm to reconstruct an axial neutron emission profile of the stagnated fusion plasma. We validate the approach by comparing the reconstructed neutron emission profile to an x-ray emission profile provided by a time-integrated pinhole camera.
Low barriers to internal rotation in the microwave spectrum of 2,5-dimethylfluorobenzene
Authors: Sun Haoyue , Khemissi Safa , Kleiner Isabelle , Nguyen Ha Vinh Lam
Published: March 2024

We investigated the rotational spectrum of 2,5-dimethylfluorobenzene containing coupled large amplitude motions of two methyl groups in the frequency range from 2 to 26.5 GHz using a pulsed molecular jet Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. The internal rotation of two inequivalent methyl groups with low torsional barriers (around 16 and 226 cm−1) causes splittings of all rotational transitions into quintets with separations of up to hundreds of MHz between the torsional components. Spectral analysis and modeling of the observed splittings were performed using the programs XIAM and BELGI-Cs-2Tops, whereby the latter achieved measurement accuracy. The methyl internal rotation can be used to examine the electronic and steric environments around the methyl group because they affect the methyl torsional barrier. Electronic properties play a particularly important role in aromatic molecules in the presence of a π-conjugated double bond system. The experimental results were compared with those of quantum chemistry. Benchmark calculations resulted in the conclusion that the B3LYP-D3BJ/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory can be recommended for predicting rotational constants to guide the microwave spectral assignment of dimethylfluorobenzenes in particular and toluene derivatives in general.
Bridging the gap: Connecting pore-scale and continuum-scale simulations for immiscible multiphase flow in porous media
Authors: Ebadi Mohammad , McClure James , Mostaghimi Peyman , Armstrong Ryan T.
Published: March 2024

This study aims to bridge length scales in immiscible multiphase flow simulation by connecting two published governing equations at the pore-scale and continuum-scale through a novel validation framework. We employ Niessner and Hassnaizadeh's [“A model for two-phase flow in porous media including fluid-fluid interfacial area,” Water Resour. Res. 44(8), W08439 (2008)] continuum-scale model for multiphase flow in porous media, combined with the geometric equation of state of McClure et al. [“Modeling geometric state for fluids in porous media: Evolution of the Euler characteristic,” Transp. Porous Med. 133(2), 229–250 (2020)]. Pore-scale fluid configurations simulated with the lattice-Boltzmann method are used to validate the continuum-scale results. We propose a mapping from the continuum-scale to pore-scale utilizing a generalized additive model to predict non-wetting phase Euler characteristics during imbibition, effectively bridging the continuum-to-pore length scale gap. Continuum-scale simulated measures of specific interfacial area, saturation, and capillary pressure are directly compared to up-scaled pore-scale simulation results. This research develops a numerical framework capable of capturing multiscale flow equations establishing a connection between pore-scale and continuum-scale simulations.
Temporal transfer matrix method for Lorentzian dispersive time-varying media
Authors: Feng Fanghu , Wang Neng , Wang Guo Ping
Published: March 2024

Incorporating dispersion into time-varying media not only holds practical significance but also profoundly transforms the electromagnetic characteristics of such dynamic media. In this work, we have developed a temporal transfer matrix method (TTMM) tailored for time-varying media exhibiting a specific type of dispersion, namely, Lorentzian dispersion. The conventional TTMM for nondispersive time-varying media can be regarded as an approximation of this developed TTMM in the nondispersive limit by ignoring the unobservable infinite-frequency modes. By using this developed TTMM, we have investigated the Floquet bands of Lorentzian dispersive media with time-periodic plasmon frequencies or resonant frequencies. Under temporal modulations, certain degenerate points of the Floquet bands will be lifted, creating bandgaps, while others will give rise to two types of exceptional point (EP) pairs. This sharply contrasts with the well-known Floquet bands of nondispersive time-varying media, where only one type of EP pair exists. Our developed TTMM serves as a powerful tool for investigating the phenomena within the realm of dispersive time-varying media.
Hugoniot measurements of the 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) formulation T2 up to 70 GPa
Authors: Sollier A. , Hébert P. , Lescoute E. , Lafourcade P.
Published: March 2024

We present shock Hugoniot measurements of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) T2 formulation up to 70 GPa. Despite the use of very thin samples, strong reactivity is evidenced above 30 GPa, indicating that our high pressure points are rather overdriven reaction product measurements than inert Hugoniot measurements. However, the comparison of these new high pressure Hugoniot data obtained on a TATB formulation with those previously obtained in a similar pressure range on single-crystal (SC) TATB samples allows us to decouple kinetics effects from the crystalline nature. Additional classical molecular dynamics simulations are performed to help understand the influence of imperfect hydrostatic conditions on SC TATB behavior at moderate and high pressures. The present data can be used to further improve existing models at very high pressures and to perform more conclusive high pressure Hugoniot experiments on both SC and formulated TATB samples.
Temperature-tuned enhanced performances of PVDF-based flexible triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Mondal Arun , Faraz Mohd , Khare Neeraj
Published: March 2024

A ferroelectric PVDF-based flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been fabricated to analyze the effect of ambient temperature on the electrical outputs. The open-circuit voltage increased from 6.2 to 20 V with the increase in the ambient temperature up to 41 °C. However, beyond 41 °C, the electrical outputs start decreasing. Through tuning the ambient temperature, an ∼11-fold enhancement in the output power density of the TENG was achieved. In order to investigate the mechanism behind the temperature-tuned TENG outputs, the temperature-dependent dielectric permittivity and conductivity of the film have been studied. The dielectric permittivity and conductivity of the films are observed to increase with the temperature. The increase in the dielectric permittivity has been attributed to the PVDF segmental chains' movements, causing the enhancement in dielectric permittivity, which results in more surface charge and improvements in the TENG electrical outputs. However, a large increment in film conductivity at higher temperatures causes the leakage of surface charges, resulting in a decrement in TENG outputs. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent performance of PVDF-CdS nanocomposite-based TENG has also been investigated and found to enhance the performance from 8 to 27 V with the increase in temperature from 33 to 41 °C. The additional interfacial polarization between CdS nanoparticles and the PVDF matrix and higher ferroelectricity in nanocomposites contribute to larger TENG outputs of the PVDF/CdS nanocomposite-based TENG device.