bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quelle recherche agronomique pour une agriculture durable ? / Which agronomic research for a sustainable agriculture?
Authors: Lemaire Gilles , Briat Jean-François , Dron Michel
Published: January 2023

After the Second World War, research accompanied the urgent increase in agricultural production, thanks to the use of means of production enabling to suppress factors limiting the productivity of crops. However this success is currently questioning the sustainability of our agricultural production and food systems. For taking into account the goals of environment and biodiversity, research abandoned some of its founding paradigms and acquired new knowledge concerning the functioning of the ecosystems. Without a structured research and development activity, integrating actors and stakeholders of agricultural and food production systems “knowledge for understanding” will be largely insufficient to answer to the multifunctional challenges that agriculture has to face. Their efficiency will depend upon a synergistic coupling with ’knowledge for action » within transdisciplinary research programs devoted to « agri-environmental engineering’’.
Plancton, la nouvelle frontière révélée par l’expédition Tara Océans / Plankton, the new frontier revealed by the Tara Oceans expedition
Authors: Vincent Flora , Bowler Chris
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this Note is to present the diversity and importance of the plankton, while detailing the genetic approach and methodologies adopted by the ambitious Tara Oceans project. On the basis of a portion of the 40,000 samples collected from all the world’s oceans during the expedition, the team mapped the biodiversity of a wide range of planktonic organisms, explored their interactions, and how plankton impact and are affected by their environment. This is the largest DNA sequencing effort ever done for ocean science. Molecular analyses revealed around 40 million genes, the vast majority of which were new, thus hinting toward a much broader biodiversity of plankton than previously known. These data provided the scientific community with unprecedented resources, including a catalogue of several million new genes that had transform how we study the oceans and assess climate change.
Santé et alimentation : attention aux faux-semblants statistiques / Health and food: beware of statistical fallacies!
Authors: Stoop Philippe
Published: January 2023

Several recent highly publicized epidemiological studies report having observed strong statistical correlations between cancer incidence and the consumption of organic or ultra-processed foods. However, these results rely on complex statistical treatments, whose validity is questionable: each individuapublication seems to underestimate the effect of well-established cancer risk factors. Moreover, when we compare them, we find that they contradict each other, although they were made on the same population. Although published in prestigious journals, these studies reinforce the concerns of eminent epidemiologists, who call for a re-founding of the methods used in nutritional epidemiology.
Supplemental Material for the Note "N3AF 2019 7(2), 1-25"
Authors: Ezzedine Jade A , Jacquet Stéphan
Published: January 2023

Supplemental Material for the Note "N3AF 2019 7(2), 1-25"
A propos de l’article Ultra-processed foods: how functional is the NOVA system? / About the article Ultra-processed foods: how functional is the NOVA system?
Authors: This vo Kientza Hervé
Published: January 2023

The European Journal of Clinical Nutrition recently published an article entitled Ultra processed foods: how functional is the NOVA system?, by Véronique Braesco, Isabelle Souchon, Patrick Sauvant, Typhaine Haurogné, Matthieu Maillot, Catherine Féart and Nicole Darmon. This article analyzes the robustness of a food classification named NOVA, where four categories are proposed, according to the degree of transformation. The published article concludes that the classification lacks coherence, which raises the question of the nature of food, while ideologies clash and a "synthetic cuisine" develops, which blurs the categories of additives, technical aids and flavourings.
Le financement des débuts de l’Institut Pasteur : analyse des souscriptions (1886-1891) / Financing the early years of the Institut Pasteur: an analysis of the fundraising campaign (1886-1891)
Authors: Galvez-Behar Gabriel
Published: January 2023

The creation of the Pasteur Institute (Paris) between 1886 and 1888 was the high point of Louis Pasteur's career and a breakthrough in the organization of science in France. Its funding was itself original, being based on the launching of a subscription often presented as a large popular movement. The analysis of different statements on this subscription gives a more nuanced picture highlighting the importance of certain Parisian elites - and in particular the High Bank - as well as the role of territories in the provinces where Pasteur's work had already been put to use.
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Leads to Major Response and Low Recurrence in Localized Mismatch Repair–Deficient Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Xiao Bin-Yi , Zhang Xuan , Cao Tai-Yuan , Li Dan-Dan , Jiang Wu , Kong Ling-Heng , Tang Jing-Hua , Han Kai , Zhang Chen-Zhi , Mei Wei-Jian , Xiao Jian , Pan Zhi-Zhong , Li Yun-Feng , Zhang Xiao-Shi , Ding Pei-Rong
Published: January 2023

Background: Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of neoadjuvant anti–PD-1 treatment for localized mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients and Methods: The study cohort included patients with localized dMMR CRC who received PD-1 inhibitors as neoadjuvant therapy from 3 medical centers in Southern China. Main eligibility criteria included age between 18 and 75 years, ECOG performance status of 0 or 1, and receipt of ≥2 doses of PD-1 inhibitors. Results: A total of 73 patients were included. Most of the tumors were locally advanced, including 19 (26.0%) T4a and 29 (39.7%) T4b. Most patients (79.5%) received PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy. Objective response per radiologic assessment was achieved in 62 (84.9%) patients, including 17 (23.3%) with complete response (CR) and 45 (61.6%) with partial response, with a median time to response of 9.6 weeks. Patients with T4a/4b disease had a similar response rate as those with T2–3 disease (84.0% vs 85.4%; P=.999). As of writing, a total of 50 patients have undergone surgery. Pathologic CR was achieved in most (57.1%) patients and remained high (59.5%) even among the 38 patients with T4a/4b disease. The 17 patients with CR did not undergo surgery and adopted a watch-and-wait strategy. After a median follow-up of 17.2 months (range, 3.4–45.1 months), the overall median recurrence-free and overall survivals were not reached. Among patients undergoing surgery or achieving CR, the 2-year tumor-specific disease-free and overall survival rates were both 100%. During neoadjuvant treatment, grade 3–4 adverse events occurred in 8 patients; 4 required acute intervention. Severe postoperative complications were recorded in 4 patients, 3 of whom required a second surgery. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant therapy with PD-1 blockade is highly effective for localized dMMR CRC, with an acceptable safety profile and low recurrence rate. This treatment holds promise for becoming the new standard of care for localized dMMR CRCs.
NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Central Nervous System Cancers, Version 2.2022
Authors: Horbinski Craig , Nabors Louis Burt , Portnow Jana , Baehring Joachim , Bhatia Ankush , Bloch Orin , Brem Steven , Butowski Nicholas , Cannon Donald M. , Chao Samuel , Chheda Milan G. , Fabiano Andrew J. , Forsyth Peter , Gigilio Pierre , Hattangadi-Gluth Jona , Holdhoff Matthias , Junck Larry , Kaley Thomas , Merrell Ryan , Mrugala Maciej M. , Nagpal Seema , Nedzi Lucien A. , Nevel Kathryn , Nghiemphu Phioanh L. , Parney Ian , Patel Toral R. , Peters Katherine , Puduvalli Vinay K. , Rockhill Jason , Rusthoven Chad , Shonka Nicole , Swinnen Lode J. , Weiss Stephanie , Wen Patrick Yung , Willmarth Nicole E. , Bergman Mary Anne , Darlow Susan
Published: January 2023

The NCCN Guidelines for Central Nervous System (CNS) Cancers focus on management of the following adult CNS cancers: glioma (WHO grade 1, WHO grade 2–3 oligodendroglioma [1p19q codeleted, IDH-mutant], WHO grade 2–4 IDH-mutant astrocytoma, WHO grade 4 glioblastoma), intracranial and spinal ependymomas, medulloblastoma, limited and extensive brain metastases, leptomeningeal metastases, non–AIDS-related primary CNS lymphomas, metastatic spine tumors, meningiomas, and primary spinal cord tumors. The information contained in the algorithms and principles of management sections in the NCCN Guidelines for CNS Cancers are designed to help clinicians navigate through the complex management of patients with CNS tumors. Several important principles guide surgical management and treatment with radiotherapy and systemic therapy for adults with brain tumors. The NCCN CNS Cancers Panel meets at least annually to review comments from reviewers within their institutions, examine relevant new data from publications and abstracts, and reevaluate and update their recommendations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel’s most recent recommendations regarding molecular profiling of gliomas.
La imagen en la contemporaneidad del museo
Authors: Rodríguez-Hernández Mario
Published: January 2023

Partiendo del caso de la nueva presentación de la Colección Permanente del Museo Reina Sofía, este texto reflexiona acerca del concepto de apariencia. Un concepto que ha tenido distinto valor epistémico con el paso de los tres grandes regímenes de lo sensible que ha descrito Jacques Rancière. Tomando esta hipótesis como línea de investigación, se analizan los presupuestos teóricos que justifican el nuevo planteamiento museográfico de la Colección desde la perspectiva de la filosofía de la imagen. Se trata de responder a por qué, a pesar de que las imágenes se han convertido en fuentes fundamentales de conocimiento, continúa recayendo sobre ellas la acusación de confundir las «apariencias» con la «realidad».
De-Dehumanising the Autistic Other: Between the Image of “Beast” and “Being” in J. K. Rowling’s ‘Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them’ - Screenplay and Book
Authors: Ouzaa Ibtissem , Senouci Meberbeche Faiza
Published: January 2023

The representation of autism in literature is a novelty of a delicate sense for what impact it can have on readers. Autism shows more frequently in the lines of Young-Adult fiction (YA), a genre known for its large audiences, which makes contemplating the image of an autistic person, as an actual character or a theme, either a means of access or a block to public awareness of the spectrum, respectively. The selected YA fiction works for this paper are Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, as screenplay (2018) and book (2001). The screenplay is not an adaptation of the book, but a background to the times when a character wrote his study book on the beasts that surrounds his environment. In the works, the use of terms like “monster” and “beast” seems to refer to a dehumanised image of the represented, which raises questions on why the writer would allude readers to relate autism to monstrosity; is she maintaining the habit of using illness as a narrative thematic tool or does she suggest otherwise? In order to formulate a ground for these inquiries, we will visit the text in relation to Lacan and Derrida’s thoughts on “Subjectivity” and how it defines fellowship from alterity and monstrosity. The objective of this research is to investigate the representation of autism in Rowling’s screenplay while backing up with examples from the book to see how far it meets the real or contrastingly contributes to reinforcing another stereotypical other.
An Italian preview of evidences in accessing EU funds by the SMEs. Social and economic development leveraging in the R&D and Innovation capabilities
Authors: Isaraj Loreta
Published: January 2023

An overview of the Italian scenario has been developed considering the driving role SMEs play in the economic structure of the country and the pioneering function they have played in R&D and Innovation of Italy and of the whole Union in general. Through secondary data provided by various sources, such as the Cordis database, Istat and CIS 2018 we have done the analysis of regional disparities, which is also evident in the access to the European funds for research and innovation of SMEs. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the position held by Italy in relation to the opportunities offered by the European Union in the field of R&D and innovation, reflecting the changes that can be undertaken by the Italian national policy to serve as a bridge between the European institutions that offer these types of funds and SMEs and to better guide the latter towards the appropriate resources based on their distinctive characteristics which constitute a great development potential.
Monitor, Produce, Distribute: Chile’s Battle Against Inflation and Scarcity, 1932-1973
Authors: Frens-String Joshua
Published: January 2023

Objective/Context: This article reconstructs the struggle that consumers and the state waged to contain inflation and consumer scarcity in mid-twentieth-century Chile. Methodology: Drawing on records from Chile’s Ministry of Economy and print media, it first assesses how in the 1930s, mobilized consumers and Chile’s national price control office worked together to create an expectation that a strong interventionist state could prevent inflation and shortages by monitoring and regulating the speculative behavior of private merchants. Then, by examining the writings of leading economic thinkers of the postwar era, it details how the state’s understanding of rising prices and scarcity increasingly turned to structural matters of economic production and distribution, particularly in Chile’s rural economy. Originality: While most scholarship on inflation and scarcity in twentieth-century Latin America tends to either focus on the intellectual debate surrounding shortages and price volatility or on the grassroots political experience with these problems, I show how interactions between consumers and the state created a paradox. On the one hand, consumers came to expect that the state had an immediate duty and capacity to minimize short-term economic hardship. But on the other hand, by continuing to identify inflation and scarcity as problems driven by individual acts, many consumers, including some of the political left, lost faith in the state’s long-term planning capacity. Conclusions: The article concludes by showing how in the early 1970s, during a period of heightened class conflict, the state’s embrace of a longer-term, structural approach to inflation and scarcity drove a wedge between Salvador Allende’s Unidad Popular (up) government and its political base.
Tinjauan Literatur : Perkembangan Program Penanggulangan Stunting di Indonesia
Authors: Yuda Aria , Septina Zahra , Maharani Adhella , Nurdiantami Yuri
Published: January 2023

Di Indonesia, masalah stunting masih menjadi fokus utama terkait isu di bidang kesehatan bagi pemerintah Indonesia. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, prevalensi stunting di Indonesia mengalami penurunan. Data dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018 menunjukan terjadi penurunan kasus stunting dari 37,2% pada tahun 2013 menjadi 30,8% pada tahun 2018. Beberapa program penanganan kasus stunting telah dilakukan, seperti pemberian makanan tambahan untuk bayi dan ibu hamil. wanita, dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauh mana program prevalensi stunting dijalankan di Indonesia. Penelitian merupakan studi kepustakaan melalui pengumpulan dan penelaahan terhadap penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Data yang ditemukan adalah hasil review pustaka artikel berbasis database Pubmed dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci Stunting, program stunting, evaluasi program. Review ini, menerapkan batasan tahun terbit yaitu 7 tahun (2016 sd April 2022). Ada 6 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria. Dengan banyaknya program dari pemerintah untuk memberantas kasus stunting di Indonesia, masih terdapat kendala yang sering terjadi selama pelaksanaan, seperti keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, keterlambatan pencairan dana bantuan operasional kesehatan, dan kurangnya kampanye pengenalan program stunting. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah perlu melakukan pemantauan, evaluasi, dan tindakan untuk memberantas hambatan program stunting guna meningkatkan efektivitas program. Dengan begitu, kasus stunting di Indonesia bisa berkurang.
Age-dependent Knee Joint Isokinetic Profile in Professional Male Soccer Players
Authors: A. Torres-Banduc Maximiliano , Jerez-Mayorga Daniel , Huerta Ojeda Álvaro , Bishop Chris , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo
Published: January 2023

Background: The knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) injury risk factor may be modulated by chronological age, however, comparative data for elite male soccer players aged 25 years and older is lacking. Objective: To describe and compare the knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) according to the chronological age of professional male soccer players. Method: In a cross-sectional study design, sixty-three soccer athletes from the first Chilean soccer division (A-series) were divided into younger and older groups (age ≤ 25 years; n = 35 and age 25 years; n = 28, respectively). In both groups the IPKJ was assessed at 60°.s-1 in concentric mode. Results: The older group had lower extensor peak torque (p .05). The younger group showed correlations between flexors peak torque and extensors mean power (p .001). In the older group, flexors peak torque and flexors mean power were correlated. The flexors peak torque, total work, and mean power symmetric index (SI) exhibited values 10 % for both groups. The extensors SI showed values 10 % for mean power, although only in the older group. Conclusion: Several differences in the KJIP were noted between professional male soccer players aged ≤ 25 years and 25 years. Current results offer injury prevention insights, discussed in the current manuscript.
Senile dementia and psychiatric stigma among community health service providers and relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Qiwen , Deng Jing , Luo Huanyue , Wang Li
Published: January 2023

Background

The number of people suffering from dementia is increasing rapidly in China. Early identification, referral, and intervention for dementia patients within communities are important to public health. However, these measures could be impacted by misconceptions about dementia and associated psychiatric stigma from community health professionals and relatives of dementia patients.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 249 participants, which included community doctors, community nurses, and relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients in Guiyang, China. Participants were recruited through convenient sampling. The Chinese version of Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) and the Perceived Psychiatric Stigma Scale (PPSS) were used to evaluate the participants’ knowledge of dementia and dementia-related psychiatric stigma.

Results

A total of 249 participants completed the questionnaire. The participants had moderate overall knowledge of dementia and the associated psychiatric stigma. Participants who were ≥45 years old, had a low level of education, had a low monthly income, or gained knowledge of dementia through non-media channels had lower awareness of dementia and stronger psychiatric stigma. In the “Communication & behavior” subscale of DKAS, all participants had a low level of awareness. Relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients had higher total PPSS and “Marital preclusion” subscale scores than community doctors and nurses but lower psychiatric stigma based on the PPSS “Self-deprecation” subscale score.

Conclusions

Despite their profession, community doctors and nurses did not show an absolute advantage over relatives of diagnosed and suspected dementia patients in the dementia knowledge, and they even showed higher psychiatric stigma in some subscales. The self-deprecation subscale is related to the identification with negative labels such as “people with a mental illness are the weak”. This study shows that reducing stigma on the “Self-deprecation” subscale should be a core component of training and educational programs targeted at improving dementia knowledge among community health service providers.
Anatomical and physiological responses of Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae) induced by silicon and sodium chloride stress during in vitro culture
Authors: Cipriano Rosiane , Martins João Paulo Rodrigues , Conde Lorenzo Toscano , Silva Mariela Mattos da , Silva Diolina Moura , Gontijo Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima , Falqueto Antelmo Ralph
Published: January 2023

Salt stress is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting plant growth and development. The application of silicon (Si) is an alternative that can increase the tolerance of plants to various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective was to evaluate salt stress’s effect in vitro and Si’s mitigation potential on Aechmea blanchetiana plants. For this purpose, plants already established in vitro were transferred to a culture medium with 0 or 14 µM of Si (CaSiO3). After growth for 30 days, a stationary liquid medium containing different concentrations of NaCl (0, 100, 200, or 300 µM) was added to the flasks. Anatomical and physiological analyses were performed after growth for 45 days. The plants cultivated with excess NaCl presented reduced root diameter and effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (ΦPSII) and increased non-photochemical dissipation of fluorescence (qN). Plants that grew with the presence of Si also had greater content of photosynthetic pigments and activity of the enzymes of the antioxidant system, as well as higher values of maximum quantum yield of PSII (FV/FM), photochemical dissipation coefficient of fluorescence (qP) and fresh weight bioaccumulation of roots and shoots. The anatomical, physiological and biochemical responses, and growth induced by Si mitigated the effect of salt stress on the A. blanchetiana plants cultivated in vitro, which can be partly explained by the tolerance of this species to grow in sandbank (Restinga) areas.
Mass media pressure on physical build, psychological well-being and physical-healthy profile. An explanatory model in adulthood
Authors: Melguizo-Ibáñez Eduardo , González-Valero Gabriel , Badicu Georgian , Grosz Wilhelm Robert , Bazgan Marius , Puertas Molero Pilar
Published: January 2023

Background

The pressure exerted by the media on mental image, psychological well-being and the physical-dietary sphere is of vital interest in understanding human behavioral patterns at different stages of development. The present research reflects the objectives of developing an explanatory model of the associations between media pressure and physical build on psychological well-being, physical activity and the Mediterranean diet and testing the structural model using a multi-group model according to participants’ stage of adulthood development.

Methods

A descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 634 participants aged between 18 and 65 years (35.18 ± 9.68). An ad hoc socio-demographic questionnaire, Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questtionnaire-4, Psychological Well-Being Scale, Predimed questtionnaire and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form were used for data collection.

Results

Participants in early adulthood show higher scores for media pressure and for pressure on physical build. It is also observed that participants in middle adulthood show higher scores for psychological well-being and physical activity levels.

Conclusions

In conclusion, it can be seen that there are a large number of physical, physical-health and psychological differences in each of the phases of adulthood.
Awareness and Perception of New AYUSH Guidelines among Dentists of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India: A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Pavithra M , Muthukrishnan Arvind
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) is an alternative medical system and has found acceptance globally for its use of rich medical plants, minerals, and other natural commodities in treating different illness. In November 2020, AYUSH changed its curriculum guidelines for its postgraduate students, which allowed them to perform a variety of general surgery, including orthopedic, ophthalmology, Ear Nose Throat (ENT), and dental treatments. Aim: To assess the awareness and perception among the dentists of these new AYUSH guidelines and to record their opinion. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology at Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,from January 2021 to February 2021. A self-constructed questionnaire of 15 questions was circulated via google forms. The response was collected from 123 dentists. Statistical analysis was done on the IBM software 24 version. Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between dentists’ awareness of dental procedures included under the new AYUSH curriculum and their perception of ayurvedic practitioners performing the dental treatment efficiently. Results: Only 58.5% (n=79) of dentists were aware of the term AYUSH and 53 (43%) dentists were aware of the new guidelines added to the postgraduate curriculum in AYUSH. About, 57.7% of dentists reported that the Ayurvedic practitioners cannot handle the complications occurring during dental procedures. Conclusion: Dentists were not in favor of AYUSH practitioners performing dental treatments. The present study also concluded that dental procedures cannot be effectively and efficiently performed by AYUSH practitioners.
Bioremediation Tofu Liquid Waste Based on Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Parameters
Authors: Isworo Slamet , Oetari Poerna Sri , Prabowo Danu , Cerlyawati Hugi
Published: January 2023

Background and Objective: The majority of liquid waste generated by the tofu industry in Semarang exceeds the recommended limit. This condition disturbs the ecology of the surrounding environment. so a solution is needed to manage it. The use of bacteria in bioremediation technology has been proven to reduce pollutants produced by the tofu industry. The purpose of this study was to identify specific bacteria and test their ability to bioremediate pollutants from tofu wastewater using the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) parameter.

Methodology: Methodology: The study was exploratory and experimental in nature, with the variable ability of degradative bacteria degrading tofu industrial wastewater based on COD parameters. Bacterial identification was performed using the 16S-rRNA Gene Analysis method, genomic DNA extraction with the Quick-DNA Bacterial Miniprep Kit, PCR amplification, and bi-directional sequencing. 

Results: The results of the identification of the selected bacteria show that they are molecules of the type nucleic acid with a query length of 1394. with a lineage report and a 93% phylogenetic tree as Bacillus subtilis, Bioremediation test shows that tofu waste can be degraded. The degradation percentage is 17%.

Conclusion: Bacillus subtillis, a bacterium that degrades tofu industrial wastewater, was found as an indigenous bacteria.
Comparison of Different Methods in Estimating Reference Evapotranspiration at Gaya District of Bihar, India
Authors: Singh I. , Mishra A. K. , Suryavanshi S.
Published: January 2023

Evapotranspiration (ET), a complex mechanism in the hydrological cycle, influences runoff, which in turn influences how much water is required for irrigation. There are many techniques available to calculate of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Unfortunately, most efficient reference evapotranspiration approaches are parameter-rich models, making them unsuitable for use in data-scarce locations. On the other hand, accuracy and reliability of simple ETo models vary widely according to regional climate conditions. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of two temperature-based and three radiation-based simple ET methods in estimating ET algorithms used to forecast the wheat crop for the years 2017–2018 in Gaya District, Bihar. The performance was measured by comparing the temperature and radiation-based method with the parameter intensive Penman-Monteith method. Comparative evaluation of two method (radiation and temperature) was performed through statistical tests, and it was found that the (R2 = 1 and R2 = 0.98) and RMSE = 0.84. The study found that ETo values calculated from the six methods were highly correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.84 to 0.99). Through data analysis for model comparison, it was found that the Radiation method performed satisfactorily when compared to the standard Penman-Monteith model estimate (R2 = 0.94). However, multivariate statistical testing revealed that the ETo readings obtained using various techniques differed significantly from one another. In comparison to radiation-based ETo approaches, temperature-based ETo techniques showed greater disparities. The Priestley-Taylor, Turc, and Jensen-Haise methods all outperformed the other ETo methods in general. When estimating ETo in this study region, it was discovered that radiation-based approaches performed better than temperature-based methods.
An Unexpected Headache: Pituitary Apoplexy in a Patient Admitted with Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Authors: ALnageeb Hanadi Babiker , Maeeni Amal Al , Alakkad Ashraf , Qaidy Aseilah Al , Bhat Raghavendra
Published: January 2023

Background: Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical problem resulting from abrupt pituitary ischemia or hemorrhage. A small proportion of pituitary adenomas manifest as an apoplectic crisis, with pan hypopituitarism, vomiting, nausea, headache, ophthalmoplegia, and visual impairment being the most common symptoms.

Case Report: A 32-year-old diabetic Asian male presented to the emergency department with symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, persistent vomiting, and diffused abdominal pain. He also reported a recent fever and severe headache, as well as self-limited episodes of blurring of vision and diplopia three months prior. Upon admission, his vitals were stable and he was fully conscious and oriented, though irritable and anxious. On examination, he was found to have third cranial nerve palsy and a dilated pupil with no light reflex. Laboratory tests revealed diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). A CT scan of the brain revealed a possible invasive pituitary macro adenoma and the patient was referred for further evaluation. He also tested positive for COVID-19. Treatment for DKA was initiated and an MRI scan was scheduled for further evaluation. However, the patient's condition worsened and he was transferred to the ICU, where he was intubated and an MRI indicated a hemorrhagic mass in the pituitary gland. The patient was diagnosed with pituitary apoplexy, and he also received treatment with antibiotics and antiviral medication for suspected encephalitis.

Conclusion: Pituitary apoplexy is a serious condition that requires immediate evaluation and treatment. It can cause permanent damage or death if left untreated. Treatment options include surgery and conservative management with frequent monitoring.
Microbiological Evaluation of Various Oilfield Wastewaters from Oben Land Rig Location in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Omokaro Obire , Ntongha Oyibo
Published: January 2023

Oilfield wastewater contains poisonous and dangerous compounds that harm microorganisms and the quality of the water. According to estimates, Nigerian oil industry operations generate significant amounts of wastewater that are improperly treated before being released into the environment. For a period of two months, biweekly analyses of the microbiological effects of various oilfield wastes on the microbial population and variety of aquatic environments were conducted. Water samples collected 10 cm from pit 1, pit 2, pit 3, camp pit 1, and camp pit 2 were analyzed for total heterotrophic bacterial count, hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial count, total fungal count, and hydrocarbon utilizing fungal count, and for microflora using standard microbiological methods. Total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) counts ranged from 4.0×104 Log10cfu/ml to 4.4×104 Log10cfu/ml, total fungal (TF) count ranged from 2.0×104 Log10cfu/ml to 2.2×104 Log10cfu/ml. The total hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial (THUB) count ranged from 3.0 ×104 Log10cfu/ml to 3.1 ×104 Log10cfu/ml, while the total hydrocarbon utilizing fungal (THUF) count ranged from 1.0×104 Log10cfu/ml to 1.1×104 Log10cfu/ml. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the THB between the pits and the sampling stations. The types of bacteria isolated in the study included Kurthia spp, Bacillus spp, Pediococcus spp, Enterococcus spp, Aeromonas spp, Micrococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp, Escherichia coli, Alcaligenes spp and Lactobacillus spp. The fungi isolated included Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium brevicompactum, Rhizopus oryzae and Fusarium spp. The study's bacterial and fungal counts showed how oilfield effluent affected aquatic microorganisms. According to the significant frequency of hydrocarbon-using bacteria, the water under investigation contained active native hydrocarbon utilizers that might be used in the bioremediation process.
Overvoltages during Single-Phase Earth Fault in Neutral-Isolated Networks (10÷35) kV
Authors: Rzayeva S. V. , Mammadov N. S. , Ganiyeva N. A.
Published: January 2023

Aims: The purpose of the article is to analyze networks with zero insulation (10 ÷ 35) kV, which have disadvantages that adversely affect the insulation of operating equipment, as a result of which, in modern conditions, it is desirable to improve the operating modes of such networks.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Electromechanics (Electrical and electronic engineering).

Methodology: To limit the surges that occur in such networks, an arc quenching coil is used, the operation of which is based on two processes: a coil that compensates for the capacitive current, a sharp decrease in the voltage recovery rate in the arc range.

Results: In connection with the above, by carrying out accurate calculations, it is necessary to solve a number of issues on grounding the neutral with active resistance in networks (10÷35) kV: effective grounding of networks, ensuring safety, limiting the impact on communication lines, limitation of emerging surges, ensuring normal operation of switching devices, etc.

Conclusion: 1. Due to the difficulty of obtaining an accurate adjustment when earthing the neutral through an arcing coil, and even under normal conditions, overvoltages in the phases are likely as a result of the displacement of the neutral. 2. Networks with zero insulation (10÷35) kV have disadvantages that adversely affect the insulation of operating equipment, and in modern conditions it is desirable to improve the operating modes of such networks.3. In networks with an isolated neutral (10÷35) kV, the connection of the neutral to earth with active resistance allows you to significantly limit the extreme voltages that may occur in the network.
Overview on Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis: A Review
Authors: Fadl Ahmed Abdelsamie , Alsuwaidani Sultan Abdullah Hassan , Batti Sukainah Mohammed Al , Saleh Zahrah Hatim Saleh Al , Ghareeb Fatimah Abdullah AL , Alrebh Zakiah Hussain Ali , Omran Louloah Abdullah Al , ALRadhwan Mohammad Salman , Almarhoon Fatema Hussain Abdullah , Almutlaq Zahra Abdulkarim Saeed , Aysh Hussain Taher Al
Published: January 2023

Psoriatic juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis that is characterized by both arthritis and psoriasis. juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous category of idiopathic inflammatory arthritis that affects children under the age of 16 and lasts six weeks or more as it represents approximately 5% of the whole Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) population. The most prevalent rheumatic illness in children from Western countries is JIA. Chronic arthritis in JIA has an unknown etiology and causes. It is hypothetical if abnormal immune reactions may be brought on by the interplay of environmental elements in a person with a predisposed genetic makeup. Some environmental variables, such exposure to antibiotics and C-section births, provide significant dangers. If there are no characteristic psoriatic lesions present. According to International League of Associations of Rheumatology (ILAR) classification, JPsA is defined by the association of arthritis and psoriasis or, in the absence of typical psoriatic lesions, with at least two of the following: dactylitis, nail pitting, onycholysis or family history of psoriasis in a first-degree relative. In this review we will be looking at the disease etiology, epidemiology, treatment as well as some literature review.
Swab the Throat as Well as the Nose? The Debate Over the Best Way to Test for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Rubin Rita
Published: January 2023

This Medical News article discusses whether swabbing both the nose and the throat might improve the sensitivity of rapid antigen COVID-19 tests.
Nonhealing Genital Ulcers as Clue to a Multisystem Disease
Authors: Dev Anubha , Chatterjee Debajyoti , Vinay Keshavamurthy
Published: January 2023

A female patient in her late 40s presented with a 3-year history of nonhealing ulcers in her groin and axillae. What is your diagnosis?
Revision of the Melanocytic Pathology Assessment Tool and Hierarchy for Diagnosis Classification Schema for Melanocytic Lesions
Authors: Barnhill Raymond L. , Elder David E. , Piepkorn Michael W. , Knezevich Stevan R. , Reisch Lisa M. , Eguchi Megan M. , Bastian Boris C. , Blokx Willeke , Bosenberg Marcus , Busam Klaus J. , Carr Richard , Cochran Alistair , Cook Martin G. , Duncan Lyn M. , Elenitsas Rosalie , de la Fouchardière Arnaud , Gerami Pedram , Johansson Iva , Ko Jennifer , Landman Gilles , Lazar Alexander J. , Lowe Lori , Massi Daniela , Messina Jane , Mihic-Probst Daniela , Parker Douglas C. , Schmidt Birgitta , Shea Christopher R. , Scolyer Richard A. , Tetzlaff Michael , Xu Xiaowei , Yeh Iwei , Zembowicz Artur , Elmore Joann G.
Published: January 2023

Importance

A standardized pathology classification system for melanocytic lesions is needed to aid both pathologists and clinicians in cataloging currently existing diverse terminologies and in the diagnosis and treatment of patients. The Melanocytic Pathology Assessment Tool and Hierarchy for Diagnosis (MPATH-Dx) has been developed for this purpose.

Objective

To revise the MPATH-Dx version 1.0 classification tool, using feedback from dermatopathologists participating in the National Institutes of Health–funded Reducing Errors in Melanocytic Interpretations (REMI) Study and from members of the International Melanoma Pathology Study Group (IMPSG).

Evidence Review

Practicing dermatopathologists recruited from 40 US states participated in the 2-year REMI study and provided feedback on the MPATH-Dx version 1.0 tool. Independently, member dermatopathologists participating in an IMPSG workshop dedicated to the MPATH-Dx schema provided additional input for refining the MPATH-Dx tool. A reference panel of 3 dermatopathologists, the original authors of the MPATH-Dx version 1.0 tool, integrated all feedback into an updated and refined MPATH-Dx version 2.0.

Findings

The new MPATH-Dx version 2.0 schema simplifies the original 5-class hierarchy into 4 classes to improve diagnostic concordance and to provide more explicit guidance in the treatment of patients. This new version also has clearly defined histopathological criteria for classification of classes I and II lesions; has specific provisions for the most frequently encountered low–cumulative sun damage pathway of melanoma progression, as well as other, less common World Health Organization pathways to melanoma; provides guidance for classifying intermediate class II tumors vs melanoma; and recognizes a subset of pT1a melanomas with very low risk and possible eventual reclassification as neoplasms lacking criteria for melanoma.

Conclusions and Relevance

The implementation of the newly revised MPATH-Dx version 2.0 schema into clinical practice is anticipated to provide a robust tool and adjunct for standardized diagnostic reporting of melanocytic lesions and management of patients to the benefit of both health care practitioners and patients.
How many brain metastases can be treated with stereotactic radiosurgery before the radiation dose delivered to normal brain tissue rivals that associated with standard whole brain radiotherapy?
Authors: Becker Stewart J. , Lipson Evan J. , Jozsef Gabor , Molitoris Jason K. , Silverman Joshua S. , Presser Joseph , Kondziolka Douglas
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Clinical trial data comparing outcomes after administration of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) to patients with brain metastases (BM) suggest that SRS better preserves cognitive function and quality of life without negatively impacting overall survival. Here, we estimate the maximum number of BM that can be treated using single and multi‐session SRS while limiting the dose of radiation delivered to normal brain tissue to that associated with WBRT.

Methods

Multiple‐tumor SRS was simulated using a Monte Carlo – type approach and a pre‐calculated dose kernel method. Tumors with diameters ≤36 mm were randomly placed throughout the contoured brain parenchyma until the brain mean dose reached 3 Gy, equivalent to the radiation dose delivered during a single fraction of a standard course of WBRT (a total dose of 30 Gy in 10 daily fractions of 3 Gy). Distribution of tumor sizes, dose coverage, selectivity, normalization, and maximum dose data used in the simulations were based on institutional clinical metastases data.

Results

The mean number of tumors treated, mean volume of healthy brain tissue receiving > 12 Gy (V12) per tumor, and total tumor volume treated using mixed tumor size distributions were 12.7 ± 4.2, 2.2 cc, and 12.9 cc, respectively. Thus, we estimate that treating 12–13 tumors per day over 10 days would deliver the dose of radiation to healthy brain tissue typically associated with a standard course of WBRT.

Conclusion

Although in clinical practice, treatment with SRS is often limited to patients with ≤15 BM, our findings suggest that many more lesions could be targeted while still minimizing the negative impacts on quality of life and neurocognition often associated with WBRT. Results from this in silico analysis require clinical validation.
Tryptophan Metabolism Acts as a New Anti‐Ferroptotic Pathway to Mediate Tumor Growth
Authors: Liu Dong , Liang Chun‐hui , Huang Bin , Zhuang Xiao , Cui Weiwei , Yang Li , Yang Yinghong , Zhang Yudan , Fu Xiaolong , Zhang Xiaoju , Du Lutao , Gu Wei , Wang Xiangdong , Yin Chengqian , Chai Renjie , Chu Bo
Published: January 2023

Emerging evidence reveals that amino acid metabolism plays an important role in ferroptotic cell death. The conversion of methionine to cysteine is well known to protect tumour cells from ferroptosis upon cysteine starvation through transamination. However, whether amino acids‐produced metabolites participate in ferroptosis independent of the cysteine pathway is largely unknown. Here, the authors show that the tryptophan metabolites serotonin (5‐HT) and 3‐hydroxyanthranilic acid (3‐HA) remarkably facilitate tumour cells to escape from ferroptosis distinct from cysteine‐mediated ferroptosis inhibition. Mechanistically, both 5‐HT and 3‐HA act as potent radical trapping antioxidants (RTA) to eliminate lipid peroxidation, thereby inhibiting ferroptotic cell death. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) markedly abrogates the protective effect of 5‐HT via degrading 5‐HT. Deficiency of MAOA renders cancer cells resistant to ferroptosis upon 5‐HT treatment. Kynureninase (KYNU), which is essential for 3‐HA production, confers cells resistant to ferroptotic cell death, whereas 3‐hydroxyanthranilate 3,4‐dioxygenase (HAAO) significantly blocks 3‐HA mediated ferroptosis inhibition by consuming 3‐HA. In addition, the expression level of HAAO is positively correlated with lipid peroxidation and clinical outcome. Together, the findings demonstrate that tryptophan metabolism works as a new anti‐ferroptotic pathway to promote tumour growth, and targeting this pathway will be a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment.
Pencil‐Drawn Generator Built‐in Actuator for Integrated Self‐Powered/Visual Dual‐Mode Sensing Functions and Rewritable Display
Authors: Gu Wansong , Zhou Peidi , Zhang Wei , Luo Zhiling , Chen Luzhuo
Published: January 2023

Multifunctionality is important to the development of next‐generation actuators and intelligent robots. However, current multi‐functional actuating systems are achieved based on the integration of diverse functional units with complex design, especially lacking in multi‐mode sensing and displaying functions. Herein, a light‐driven actuator integrated with self‐powered/visual dual‐mode sensing functions and rewritable display function is proposed. The actuator demonstrates a bending curvature of 0.93 cm−1 under near‐infrared light irradiation. Meanwhile, by embedding a pencil‐drawn graphite generator and thermochromic materials, the actuator also provides two independent sensing functions. First, owing to the photo‐thermoelectric effect of graphite, the actuator spontaneously outputs a self‐powered voltage (Seebeck coefficient: 23 µV K−1), which can reflect the deformation trend of actuator. Second, color changes occur on the actuator during deformation, which provide a visual sensing due to the thermochromic property. Furthermore, the actuator can be utilized as a rewritable display, owing to the integrated color‐memorizing component. Intelligent robots, switches, and smart homes are further demonstrated as applications. All of them can spontaneously provide self‐powered and visual sensing signals to demonstrate the working states of actuating systems, accompanied by rewritable displays on the actuators. This study will open a new direction for self‐powered devices, multi‐functional actuators, and intelligent robots.
Self‐Powered Photodetector Based on Perovskite/NiOx Heterostructure for Sensitive Visible Light and X‐Ray Detection
Authors: Tao Kewen , Xiong Chenwei , Lin Jiachun , Ma Decai , Lin Shaopeng , Wang Biao , Li Huashan
Published: January 2023

Self‐powered halide perovskite X‐ray detectors have evoked busting interests because they present outstanding properties such as low power consumption, high sensitivity, and integrability without external power source. Nevertheless, existing self‐powered X‐ray detectors exhibit low sensitivity due to the insufficient charge separation and transport. Herein, a self‐powered photodetector for sensitive X‐ray and photodetection based on single‐crystalline perovskite FAPbBr3/NiOx heterostructure is demonstrated. The built‐in field of FAPbBr3/NiOx heterojunction provides a driving force for separation and transport of photoexcited carriers. Without an external power supply, the photodetector presents excellent photoresponse performance under 450 nm light illumination, including high photoresponsivity (123.6 mA W−1), good detectivity (D = 7.1 × 1011 Jones), and ultrafast response/recovery time (10/200 ns). Simultaneously, the device achieves photovoltaic effect of 0.80 V and a large mobility–lifetime product of 1.1 × 10−3 cm2 V−1, which enable a superior X‐ray sensitivity of 402 µC Gyair−1 cm−2 at zero bias voltage. These results imply that the simple combination of perovskite single crystal and a hole transporting layer provides a flexible platform for the realization of energy‐saving self‐powered photodetector in visible light and X‐rays.