bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical study of hydrodynamic and sedimentation for sustainable marine floating cage aquaculture in Indonesia: a case study in Situbondo, East Java.
Authors: Sabrina Marsha , Karjadi Entin A.
Published: August 2022

In this study, the floating cage aquaculture in Indonesia, specifically the effect on sedimentation in surrounding areas will be studied. In addition to waves and currents, sedimentation is a considerable environmental concern. This result could help establish additional criteria for 1) selecting suitable aquaculture locations, 2) assessing the effect of aquaculture on the environment, and 3) developing sustainable marine aquaculture industry in Indonesia. This is important because, as an archipelago, Indonesia is expected to play a significant role in providing food supplies from marine aquaculture. The results are from a case study in Situbondo, East Java in which the hydrodynamics and sedimentation are simulated using the Delft3D model with an energy-loss coefficient included in the model to account for floating cages.
The Challenge Of Assisting Stakeholders In Data-Scarce Settings: Characterising Intermittent Water Systems Using A Citizen Science Approach
Authors: Sioné L , Templeton M R , Onof C.
Published: August 2022

The lack of relevant data on the failures of water infrastructure impedes efforts to remediate Intermittent Water Systems, and, by association, improve public health. This paper discusses implementing a citizen science approach that leverages the personal concern of citizens to gain information on the quantity and quality of services provided by IWS - data which would otherwise be intractable, laborious or costly, for developing countries to gather. In the first instance, this paper discusses the development of the citizen science approach and the supporting data-collection tool – a smartphone application. It then ascertains: (i) the feasibility and reproducibility of the method, and (ii) the reliability of the collected data by auto-validating the results using internal consistency tests. Finally, the paper reported on the acceptance of the method as a decision-support tool to develop evidence-based solutions to IWS. This paper demonstrates the first proof of concept that citizen science can be used in conjunction with personal communication technology to bridge the information gaps on the supply of municipal water in data-scarce and resource-constrained settings. It is a feasible and validated data collection method which requires a minimal time and resource investment.
Development of Concrete Material Technology in the context of supply - demand based on geographical aspects
Authors: Pradoto R G K , Soemardi B W , Gazali A , Putri A T , Purba R P , Mahardika I
Published: August 2022

The Indonesian construction industry is one of the leading sectors with significant contributions to economic growth. A current major issue in the industry is to strive for sustainable development focuses on three aspects, social, environmental, and economical. The use of technology, especially concrete material technology, is one of the supporting factors to achieve the goal. Concrete material usage, with cement as the main component, is quite prominent in the industry, supported by Indonesia’s top 12th cement producer globally with a 2,05% contribution of the world’s total cement production. However, the industry performance in each part of Indonesia also needs to be observed, considering that Indonesia has numerous islands. This study aims to evaluate the landscape of technological development of construction material regarding the supply-demand from geographical dimensions. This supply-demand analysis can consider policy strategies to support sustainable development programs. The data used in this study are derived from the production and consumption aspects of concrete material with an economic approach. The study shows the relationship between the development of concrete construction technology in terms of supply and market conditions. In addition, this study discusses the sustainable aspect of concrete material technology in the context of the trend of cement usage.
Redefining Role of Stakeholders in Restoring Hydrological Function and Conservation of Biodiversity of Nipa-Nipa Grand Forest Park, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Wahyuni Ira Ryski , Alfian Alfian , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah , Erif La Ode Muhammad , Djafar Fitria Nur Indah
Published: August 2022

The Nipa-Nipa Grand Forest Park is a conservation forest area in Southeast Sulawesi. This park has potency of hydrological function and serves as the lungs of Kendari City. Its existence is currently used by residents for agriculture, clean water sources, settlements, and tourism without proper regulation and supervision. Therefore, it has potentially caused monopoly, unilateral control, and conflicts. In line with that, the lack of awareness and initiative from the community and stakeholders in maintaining the sustainability of the Nipa-Nipa Forest triggers uncontrollable damage. This study aims to restore hydrological function and conservation of the Nipa-Nipa by redefining role of stakeholders involved in its governance by using the Participatory Action Research (PAR). This method’s actions consist of participatory mapping, planning, and agreements. The outputs of this approach were an increase of community participation in Nipa-Nipa management, the improved capacity building of Forest Conservation Farmers Groups (KTPH), the enactment of new regulations of the implementation of the Nipa-Nipa Forest Park, and the ratification of the MoU between the Farmers Group (KTPH) and the Nipa-Nipa Forest Management Unit (UPTD). The results of this study were developing a strategy for a better governance system, involving stakeholders in decision making, developing equal and harmonious government-community relations, and developing land-use planning that meets environmental conservation, and small sustainable business development.
Tsunami Risk Assessment in Business Continuity Planning for Palu Special Economic Zone
Authors: Purnama Muhammad Rizki , Adityawan Mohammad Bagus , Pribadi Krishna Suryanto , Farid Mohammad , Widyaningtias  , Kuntoro Arno Adi
Published: August 2022

On September 28, 2018, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 Mw struck Central Sulawesi, Indonesia and triggered a major tsunami. At least 3475 people lost their lives as reported by the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB), while a large unknown number is still buried under the rubble and presumed dead. This event also damaged the facilities and infrastructure of the Palu City coastal area. Currently, The Government of Palu is developing the Palu Special Economic Zone (PSEZ) in Tawaeli District, Palu, Central Sulawesi to attract investors and spur economic growth in neighbouring areas. Thus, mitigation plans are urgently needed to reduce damage and losses due to the impact of future tsunamis on PSEZ. This study assesses the impact of tsunamis around the Palu Special Economic Zone and its supporting infrastructure. Hypothetical earthquake-induced tsunamis were simulated using Delft3D and DelftDashboard. The fault scenario is developed based on data from PUSGEN. Further parameters were developed with the empirical earthquake source-scaling laws. The model simulates the tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation from the source to the coastal area. A tsunami impact scenario is then developed as a basis for analysing the business impact to the transportation infrastructure and critical utilities serving the PSEZ, as well as to the operation of the industries and businesses within the PSEZ. The lessons learned from this study can assist stakeholders in developing an areawide business continuity plan as a commitment of the stakeholders for implementing areawide business continuity management for the PSEZ, which will improve the economic resilience of the Palu City as well as South Sulawesi region.
Removal of Sulphate and Heavy Metals from Acid Mine Drainage using Permeable Reactive Barrier Technique
Authors: Anungstri Rissa , Petrus Himawan Tri Bayu Murti , Prasetya Agus
Published: August 2022

Containing sulphates and heavy metals, acid mine drainage (AMD) should be managed strategically to mitigate and control the migration of the contaminants to the downstream area. Conventional treatment techniques such as using lime to increase pH levels and metal precipitation or using imported material are usually inefficient and unsustainable. The AMD treatment investigated in this study uses the permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technique to enhance bacterial sulphate reduction and metal sulphide precipitation. The AMD treated is seepage water from industrial mining waste rock dump. This study aims to calculate the removal efficiency percentage of reactive materials to reduce contaminants in a batch test. Reactive materials used were organic waste generated locally i.e. domestic sewage sludge (SE), municipal compost (CO), cocopeat (CP), and the inorganic waste material is fly ash (FA) from a coal-firing power plant. A batch test was conducted in 56 days in an anaerobic chamber using nitrogen gas to support an anaerobic environment during subsampling. Mine water used in this test has a low pH level of 3.2, alkalinity (as CaCO3) < 1 mg/L, high sulphate 3280 mg/L, and contains Fe 46 mg/l, Al 54 mg/L, Cu 2.3 mg/L and Zn 3.4 mg/L. The test result at day 56 from using individual reactive material shows increased pH levels to 6.9; 5.6; 3.7; and 11.6 for sewage (SE), compost (CO), cocopeat (CP), and fly ash (FA), respectively. Alkalinity was increased to 1450 mg/L (SE), 323 mg/L (FA), 15 mg/L (CO), 1 mg/L for CP. The highest sulphate removal was measured in 85% from addition of FA. Sulphate removed from organic material reactor were 52% by (SE), 17% by (CO), 20% by (CP). %RE of dissolved metals (Al, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn), from SE reactor was 80%, CO reactor 80%, CP reactor 52%, FA reactor 94%. Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) was measured to determine reducing conditions. ORP were measured at -551 mv, 255 mv, 156 mv, and -113 mv for SE, CO, CP and FA respectively. SE has the potential to remove metals and favour reducing conditions for sulphide precipitation at medium pH levels. Meanwhile, metal precipitation from addition of FA is mainly due to hydroxide precipitation at high pH levels. FA was able to decrease the most sulphate due to ion adsorption.
The Impact of Pavement Distress to Vehicle Maneuver in Bandung City
Authors: Jihanny Jongga , Ayuningtyas Kardina Nawassa Setyo , David Anju , Salsabila Firnandia Zahwa , Kamajaya Murti , Salmadhia Difa
Published: August 2022

Pavement distress can interfere with the vehicle’s maneuver, causing the vehicle to reduce its speed and change lane or do an evasive maneuver to avoid it. These behaviors could impact traffic conflict significantly. This study aims to identify the impact of pavement distress on vehicle maneuver, specifically the speed and evasive maneuver of the vehicle when approaching poor pavement conditions. The results show differences in responding to pavement distress for each type of vehicle. Motorcycles tend to maneuver or change lanes to avoid the poor pavement condition and it may be because of its dimension, while heavy vehicles tend to reduce the speed while confronting the pavement distress. Besides, light vehicles tend to maneuver, reduce their speed, and do a combination of those responses. From this study, we can investigate that it could be dangerous if the vehicle takes an opposite lane while there is a vehicle on the opposite lane. Some vehicles reduce their speed while confronting poor pavement thus they could be more careful on roads, nevertheless, in the rainy season, it could be dangerous, especially when the pothole is covered with rainwater. The improvement of road conditions is vital to enhance travel time and reduce obstacles on road.
Bioprocess of Oil Contaminated Water At Gathering Station Through A Consortium Of Endogenous and Exogenous Bacteria
Authors: Madonna Sandra , Nurperbangsari Dzalika , Sugiana Astrid Meilasari , Zulkifliani
Published: August 2022

Production activities of petroleum have resulted in extensive environmental pollution, due to accidents, leaks, and oil spills during these activities. Gathering Station is one production facility at the oil field that serves as a gathering place for several liquids produced from production wells to measure the production flow rate. Wastewater at the Gathering Station that still contains oil, so before being discharged into water bodies should be treated to match the existing quality standards. One of the promising methods to remove the oil-polluted at gathering stations is the use of bioprocess technology, which is an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and sustainable approach. A laboratory study was carried out on the Bioprocess of wastewater contaminated oil at the gathering through a consortium of endogenous bacteria and Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as consortium exogenous bacteria. The major objective of this research is to determine the effectiveness of consortium endogenous bacteria and consortium exogenous bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in degrading oil at the gathering station. Bioprocess was done by using 10% (v/v) inoculum consortium of endogenous bacteria and 10% (v/v) inoculum Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as exogenous bacteria and using oil spill dispersant (OSD) 0.2% (v/v) in media. Oil concentrations were determined by the gravimetric method (SNI 6989.10-2011). The result showed that the mixture of Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as exogenous bacteria and consortium endogenous bacteria in media produced the highest value of efficiency in degradation oil that up to 64.29% during 21 days (from 1062 mg/l to 379.25 mg/l), with a total population 65 x 106 cfu/ml, this indicated a synergistic relationship between Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as exogenous bacteria and consortium endogenous bacteria at room temperature (21±1°C), pH range value 8.34-9.68 and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) range value from 553-167 mg/l.
Thermal deformation behavior and processing maps of nickel-free high nitrogen austenitic Cr18Mn16Mo2.5N0.83Nb0.15 stainless steel
Authors: Liu Xianli , Wang Yu , Yang Nanan , Yang Zhuojuan , Jin Songzhe
Published: August 2022

The nickel-free high nitrogen austenitic Cr18Mn16Mo2.5N0.83Nb0.15 stainless steel was fabricated by electroslag remelting technology. The high-temperature thermal deformation behavior of as-fabricated steel was investigated using Gleeble-1500D type thermal-mechanical simulation testing machine under the condition of the temperature range from 950 °C to 1100 °C and the strain-rate range from 0.01s−1 to 1.0s−1. The constitutive equation containing polynomial of as-fabricated steel was built to describe stress function containing the variable of deformation temperature and strain-rate based on Arrhenius equation. The Q value is 448.915 kJ mol−1 by computing using the experimental data obtained from the thermal deformation tests. The thermal forging temperature should be higher than 1050 °C and the strain-rate below 1s−1 based on the thermal processing maps.
The use of g-C3N4/MOFs(Fe) as a photocatalyst for remediation of pharmaceutics in water
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Phuc , Nguyen Thanh Nhan , Lee Soo Wohn , Hoang Mai Ha
Published: August 2022

Metal-organic framework MIL-101(Fe) was deposited successfully on g-C3N4 templates under solvothermal treatment. The results of XRD, FT-IR, and SEM measurements revealed the growth of MIL-101(Fe) crystals on g-C3N4 to fabricate the g-C3N4/MIL-101(Fe) hybrid. The photocatalytic ability of g-C3N4/MIL-101(Fe) was examined through the photodegradation performance of paracetamol in an aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. Among the samples, 0.5CN-M, standing for 0.5 g of g-C3N4 used for fabrication of g-C3N4/MIL-101(Fe), showed the best photocatalytic ability when degraded about 34% of paracetamol in water. The effective photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4/MIL-101(Fe) than that of MIL-101(Fe) might result from the high surface area of MIL-101(Fe) and the formation of heterojunction layer between this MOF and g-C3N4.
A concept for anisotropic PTV margins including rotational setup uncertainties and its impact on the tumor control probability in canine brain tumors
Authors: Radonic Stephan , Besserer Jürgen , Bley Carla Rohrer , Schneider Uwe , Meier Valeria
Published: August 2022

Objective. In this modelling study, we pursued two main goals. The first was to establish a new CTV-to-PTV expansion which considers the closest and most critical organ at risk (OAR). The second goal was to investigate the impact of the planning target volume (PTV) margin size on the tumor control probability (TCP) and its dependence on the geometrical setup uncertainties. The aim was to achieve a smaller margin expansion close to the OAR while allowing a moderately larger expansion in less critical areas further away from the OAR and whilst maintaining the TCP. Approach. Imaging data of radiation therapy plans from pet dogs which had undergone radiation therapy for brain tumor were used to estimate the clinic specific rotational setup uncertainties. A Monte-Carlo methodology using a voxel-based TCP model was used to quantify the implications of rotational setup uncertainties on the TCP. A combination of algorithms was utilized to establish a computational CTV-to-PTV expansion method based on probability density. This was achieved by choosing a center of rotation close to an OAR. All required software modules were developed and integrated into a software package that directly interacts with the Varian Eclipse treatment planning system. Main results. Several uniform and non-isotropic PTVs were created. To ensure comparability and consistency, standardized RT plans with equal optimization constraints were defined, automatically applied and calculated on these targets. The resulting TCPs were then computed, evaluated and compared. Significance. The non-isotropic margins were found to result in larger TCPs with smaller margin excess volume. Further, we presented an additional application of the newly established CTV-to-PTV expansion method for radiation therapy of the spinal axis of human patients.
Acoustic topological one-way waveguides with tunable widths using spinning components
Authors: Wang Neng
Published: August 2022

We propose the topological one-way waveguide for acoustic waves whose width can be flexibly adjusted. The waveguide is constructed by a heterostructure where an ordinary phononic crystal is sandwiched by two time-reversal-symmetry-broken (TRS-broken) phononic crystals with their cylinders spinning in an opposite manner. The waveguide mode is confined to the ordinary phononic crystal and exhibits the gap-less and asymmetric dispersion. Therefore, we can tune the width of the waveguide by adjusting the thickness of the ordinary phononic crystal, and the waveguide mode is one-way transport which is robust against various types of local disorders and arbitrary bends. Owing to these, this acoustic topological one-way waveguide can meet the requirements of more applications compared with conventional waveguides and conventional one-way waveguides based on chiral surface waves.
Quantitative sheaf theory
Authors: Sawin Will , Forey A. , Fresán J. , Kowalski E.
Published: August 2022

We introduce a notion of complexity of a complex of

ℓ
\ell

-adic sheaves on a quasi-projective variety and prove that the six operations are “continuous”, in the sense that the complexity of the output sheaves is bounded solely in terms of the complexity of the input sheaves. A key feature of complexity is that it provides bounds for the sum of Betti numbers that, in many interesting cases, can be made uniform in the characteristic of the base field. As an illustration, we discuss a few simple applications to horizontal equidistribution results for exponential sums over finite fields.
A-1 How Far We’ve Come: Promoting Resilience Following Significant Early Life Neurological Insult
Authors: Manning Madeline C , Cap Caitlyn J , Naidoo Reshma B
Published: August 2022

Objective: Despite empirical data indicating continued and increased negative neurocognitive effects of neurological insult due to early life exposure to brain resections, refractory seizures, and chemoradiotherapy, it is possible for patients to rewrite their narratives and demonstrate resilience and terrific response to rehabilitation. A longitudinal, single case study demonstrating the positive impact of therapeutic intervention is presented here.

Method: Patient is a 14-year-old Hispanic female diagnosed with atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT) at age 2 was treated as per Dana Farber ATRT protocol, including brain resection and chemoradiation treatment. Neurological and cognitive complications due to treatment and late effects were observed. Patient also underwent a right temporal lobectomy (age 11) which controlled her refractory seizures and cognitive regression. Patient subsequently received intensive neurorehabilitation and serial neuropsychological assessments (age 4, 7, 10, 14).

Results: Early assessments (ages 4 and 7) indicated a decline in neurocognitive performance (exceptionally low range across domains). More recent assessments (ages 10 and 14), however, demonstrated a change in trajectory (ranging from low average to exceptionally low). The greatest growth was observed in verbal and quantitative reasoning, as well as executive functioning abilities.

Conclusions: Even for children who have had multiple, chronic, insidious early life neurocognitive insults, intensive and directive therapies can alter their trajectory and allow steady gains to be made. These findings highlight the importance of taking a biopsychosocial approach for informing therapy led by a strong treatment team. It is critical to integrate the strengths of the individual, family, treatment team, and environment in supporting the patient-family’s treatment goals.
A-3 Small-Vessel Childhood Primary Angiitis of the CNS: A Longitudinal Case Study
Authors: Choate Alyssa Zwicker , Greenberg Benjamin , Harder Lana
Published: August 2022

Childhood primary angiitis of the central nervous system (cPACNS) is a rare autoimmune and cerebrovascular inflammatory disease associated with cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric, motor, sensory and/or visual symptoms. This longitudinal case study describes deficits associated with a rare course of refractory small vessel cPACNS (sv-cPACNS) with presentation uncharacteristically confined to the right hemisphere. Improved understanding of sv-cPACNS may promote diagnostic clarity and subsequent intervention for a rare and often refractory presentation that is scientifically underserved. Records indicate onset of acute events (paralysis, migraines, stroke-like symptoms) with diagnosis of sv-cPACNS based on brain biopsy. MRI revealed abnormalities restricted to the right cerebral hemisphere. Treatments included high-dose steroids, chemotherapy, IVIg, and other immunomodulatory agents. Treatment course was refractory with many failed therapies until remission on current monoclonal antibody regimen (Natalizumab). Patient was referred due to poor academic and social progression.

Neuropsychological results indicated a profile congruent with nonverbal learning disorder, including dysfunction in visuospatial reasoning, fine motor, mathematics, and social judgement. Compared to prior evaluation (age 11), reduced overall intellectual functioning, working memory, and processing speed were observed. This case study examines an 18-year-old patient with sv-cPACNS and cognitive difficulties. Results were consistent with limited research demonstrating low average intellectual functioning with longitudinal declines in working memory and processing speed. Results enhance the current understanding of sv-cPACNS by illustrating a nonverbal learning disorder profile, coinciding with right hemispheric involvement. Unfortunately, the long-term impact on cognitive functioning, especially in small-vessel disease subtype, is still not well understood. Findings add to phenotypic variability and developmental course of previously refractory sv-cPACNS.
A-101 Correspondence between ABAS-II and VABS-II Composite Scales in a Cohort of Adults with Down Syndrome
Authors: Ali Sheliza , Van Pelt Kathryn , Koehl Lisa M , Caban-Holt A M , Anderson-Mooney A J , Dennis Brandon , Head Elizabeth , Harp Jordan , Glueck Amanda , Powell David , Schmitt Frederick
Published: August 2022

Objective: Informant ratings of adaptive functioning are a valuable source of information that can support diagnosis and treatment planning and monitor change. The Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS-II) and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS-II) are well-known adaptive functioning questionnaires used in clinical practice. This study assessed the correspondence between ABAS-II and VABS-II composite scales in adults with Down Syndrome (DS).

Method: Participants were selected from a cohort of 110 adults with DS involved in a longitudinal study examining Alzheimer’s risk. Participants were selected if they had informant ratings on both the ABAS-II and VABS-II at the same measurement wave (n = 85; M = 41.9 years-old, SD = 10.8; 55.3% female; 96.5% White). Due to non-normality, non-parametric correlations examined convergent validity of the ABAS-II and VABS-II standard scores.

Results: The composite scores of similar constructs from each measure correlated significantly (ps < 0.001) with large effect sizes: ABAS-II Conceptual with VABS-II Communication (rho = 0.53), ABAS-II Social with VABS-II Socialization (rho = 0.83), ABAS-II Practical with VABS-II Daily Living Skills (rho = 0.84), and ABAS-II Global Adaptive Composite (GAC) with VABS-II Adaptive Behavior Composite (ABC) (rho = 0.88). There was 85.2% correspondence between ABAS-II and VABS-II ratings of low adaptive functioning (SS < 70 on the GAC or ABC, respectively), with just 14.8% of participants (n = 12) categorized as low on VABS-II but not ABAS-II.

Conclusion(s): The ABAS-II and VABS-II composites were strongly correlated, capturing similar adaptive domains. However, there was a greater chance of being rated as low functioning on the VABS-II compared to the ABAS-II, which may have diagnostic implications for clinical and research work in DS.
A-122 Men with COVID-19 Related Anxiety Report Greater Cognitive Impairment and Psychological Health Problems
Authors: Liu Brian C , Iverson Grant L , Gaudet Charles E
Published: August 2022

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused societal disruption and increased anxiety. Given the association between anxiety and cognitive functioning, we examined whether COVID-19 related anxiety shows an association with perceived cognitive functioning.

Method: The survey sample included 753 men residing in the United States (Age: mean = 51.3, SD = 10.8, IQR = 42–59, range = 35–79). Data were collected during the first two weeks of July 2020 via Amazon Mechanical Turk (mTurk) as part of a broader study relating to men’s brain health. The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) was used to assess COVID-19 related anxiety. Participants responded to questions designed to assess health conditions, treatment history, and perceived cognitive functioning.

Results: A greater proportion of men with COVID-19 related anxiety endorsed difficulties with cognitive functioning than those who did not in response to the following prompts: difficulty with concentration (42.1% vs. 7.1%; χ2 = 99.30, p < 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.36), memory (24.2% vs.7.4%; χ2 = 26.98, p < 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.19), or ability to think logically (21.1% vs. 3.0%; χ2 = 53.55, p < 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.27) over the past week. Men endorsing COVID-19 related anxiety also reported physical problems (i.e., body pain, headaches, migraines, and sleep disturbance) and symptoms of psychological distress (i.e., depression, hopelessness, and suicidality) at higher rates than men who did not.

Conclusions: Men with COVID-19 related anxiety endorsed perceived cognitive difficulties, physical problems, and psychological distress at considerably higher rates than men without COVID-19 related anxiety. The extent to which perceived cognitive difficulties manifest on objective cognitive testing is unknown and represents a possible area for future research.
A-125 Sex Moderates the Positive Effects of Sleep Schedule Consistency on Cognitive Function
Authors: Sarles-Whittlesey Heidi , Fleischmann Holly H , Sweet Lawrence
Published: August 2022

Objective: Negative effects of reduced sleep duration and consistency on cognition are well-known. It is also well-known that both decline with age. While emerging research finds that sex interacts with sleep duration, less is known about whether sex interacts with sleep schedule consistency to predict cognitive performance. We hypothesized that reduced sleep consistency would negatively impact cognitive performance and that women would be less affected by inconsistent sleep based on suggested protective effects of brain organization in sleep-deprived women (Corsi-Carbrera et al., 2003).

Methods: Participants (N = 77, 96.3% White) were selected from a parent study of community-dwelling older adults. Inclusion criteria: complete demographic data, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) index scores, and self-reported sleep data. The sample was majority female and well-educated.

Results: RBANS performance and sleep measures were within normal limits (see Table). There was a significant main effect of sleep consistency across all RBANS scores, controlling age, education, and sleep duration. There were significant main effects of sex on Immediate Memory, Attention, and Total score. Interactions between sleep consistency and sex were significant for Immediate Memory, Delayed Memory, and Total score.

Conclusions: Sleep consistency is associated with better cognitive performance across domains. Women perform better than men globally and in domains of immediate memory and attention, regardless of consistency. Women who sleep consistently are most likely to exhibit better memory and global cognitive function. Findings extend sleep duration effects on cognitive function to variability and suggest consistency may benefit women more than men.
A-134 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Presentation in Females
Authors: Lugo Silvia , Duarte Andres , Ramallo Yuvalis , Hernandez Luisa
Published: August 2022

Objective: The review aims to analyze the differences in the ASD presentation in females to identify current gaps in the literature and suggest future research directions.

Data Selection: Keywords used in this search were ASD, females, restrictive/repetitive interest, female autism phenotype. Databases used included Sciencedirect, Medline, PsycARTICLES, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, and PsychINFO. The search returned 73, 931 studies; 73,905 were removed for not meeting inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria consisted of peer-reviewed articles published in English between 2012–2022 that analyzed the autistic female phenotype as well as gender differences in the female autistic presentation. The final analysis consisted of 26 studies.

Data Synthesis: Findings of 24 studies concluded that amongst autistic females, there are variations in the symptomatology presentation that are not fully understood. Significant differences were found in brain structures, anterior insula functioning, symptom recognition, diagnosis age, and access to health care. Key themes for females included camouflage effect, genetic and hormonal mechanisms, diagnostic assessment tools, significant differences in communication, socialization, and the presentation of restrictive and repetitive behaviors, as well as the female autism phenotype. Findings of 1 study revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of suicidal ideation between genders. The twenty-six-study found no significant gender differences in response to treatment.

Conclusion: This review points out that ASD presentation in females can be better recognized through the understanding and expansion of the autistic female phenotype. Limitations include the lack of research comparing ASD with typically developing females. Future research on the autistic female phenotype is needed.
A-135 Caregiver Anxiety and Sleep in the Postpartum Period in Term and Preterm Infants
Authors: Hicks Amanda , Lajiness-O’Neill Renee , Staples Angela D
Published: August 2022

Objective: Postpartum anxiety impacts 3-40% of caregivers (Glasheen et al., 2009) and caregivers report sleeping about 20% less compared to other periods (Deepika et al., 2007). Since sleep problems exacerbate anxiety symptoms, targeting sleep problems in postpartum may reduce caregiver psychopathology. We hypothesized anxiety would decline from 6- to 12-months and that better sleep would predict lower levels of anxiety especially for caregivers of preterm infants.

Method: Caregivers provided data with PediaTracTM (Lajiness-O’Neill et al., 2021), an online tool, at 6-, 9-, and 12-months from a larger longitudinal study of term (n=299) and preterm (n=218) infants recruited from three academic hospitals. Caregivers were sociodemograhpically diverse (Black/African American=33%, White=56%, multiracial=6%, other=4%; census-based area deprivation ADI M=5.14, SD=3.32) with 2 children (SD=1.21) in the home. Caregivers self-reported anxiety (Brief Symptom Inventory; Derogatis, 1977) and sleep quality (average of 4 PediaTracTM items: difficulty falling asleep, night awakenings, sleep quality satisfaction, morning fatigue) with higher scores indicating better sleep quality.

Results: A multilevel model, accounting for nested observations, (R^2 = .06) was significant with sleep quality predicting anxiety, beta= -.22, p<.001, 95% CI [-.28, -.17]. Neither time, term status, demographic covariates nor moderation of sleep by term status were significant predictors.

Conclusion: Though anxiety did not decline over postpartum, those with better sleep reported lower anxiety symptoms suggesting sleep interventions may reduce anxiety symptoms. Surprisingly, neither psychosocial stressors nor term status predicted anxiety severity. Other factors, e.g., parenting stress, should be considered in understanding differences in postpartum anxiety.
A-136 Chiari1 Malformation and Syringomyelia: The Role of Neuropsychological Assessment in Treatment and Education Planning
Authors: Schneider Rachel , Culotta Stephanie O
Published: August 2022

Objective: Chiari 1 malformation (CM1) occurs when the cerebellum bulges through an opening at the base of the skull, putting pressure on the brain and spinal cord. CM1 is frequently related to syringomyelia, characterized by a fluid filled cyst in the spinal cord. CM1 is associated with sensorimotor symptoms such as headache, weakness in the arms, and difficulty walking. This case study will expand upon the existing literature regarding neurodevelopmental impact.

Method: In this single case study, a 13-year, 5-month old male with CM1/S was seen for neuropsychological assessment. Diagnosis of CM1/S and foramen magnum decompression with suboccipital craniectomy and C1 laminectomy occurred five months prior. Evaluation was subsequent to concerns regarding executive functioning, literacy skills, and handwriting. Educational disabilities were recognized but not associated with his neurological condition.

Results: Assessment revealed average verbal and non-verbal cognitive skills, low average working memory, and extremely low processing speed. Phonological awareness was intact. Phonological memory was extremely low. Rapid naming was below average. Measures of executive functioning and cognitive flexibility suggested weaknesses. Upper extremity fine motor speed and coordination fell in the impaired range. Academically, broad mathematics skills were within the average range while broad reading and writing were low average.

Conclusions: The neurodevelopment of children with CM1 and syringomyelia with comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders is not well characterized. Neuropsychological assessment and follow-up is critical for diagnosing disorders, educational planning, and monitoring of overall development. Neuropsychology can play a critical role in facilitating an understanding of the impact of neurological disorders in educational settings.
A-145 Much Ado About Norming: Ethnic Differences Across Three Normative Systems for COWAT/FAS Performance
Authors: Hawley Nanako , Ikonomou Vasilios C , Myers Melissa A , Pizer Jasmin H , Harrell Murphy N , Hill Benjamin D
Published: August 2022

Objective: Demographic correction of cognitive data is being increasingly scrutinized. We compared phonemic fluency for African Americans and Caucasians using three normative systems.

Methods: Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT)/FAS raw scores for 321 African Americans (56.4% female, mean age 50 years, mean education 13 years) and a matched sample of 330 Caucasians (53.6% female, mean age 47, mean education 13.5 years) were converted to T-scores using three normative systems (Heaton et al., 2004; Mitrushina et al., 1999; Schretlen et al., 2010). ANOVA was used to compare differences for the overall sample as well as for education level (15 years) and age range (18-35, 36-50, 51-65, and >65 years old).

Results: Normative outcomes were significantly different between African American and Caucasian participants [Heaton (F (1,516) = 6.77, p=.01; Mitrushina F (1,509) = 10.32, p=.001; Shretlen F (1,516) = 14.15, p=.001]. Heaton norms were significantly different for ethnicity for all education levels except >15 years of education. Mitrushina meta-norms and CNNS (Schretlen et al., 2010) were significantly different for ethnicity on FAS scores only for >15 years of education. Heaton norms were significantly different for ethnicity for the ranges of 18-35 years old and 51-65 years old. Mitrushina meta-norms and CNNS were significantly different for ethnicity only for the 36-50 years range. None of the norming systems were significantly different for >65 years.

Conclusions: The interpretation of FAS performance for African Americans and Caucasians differed by the normative system utilized with different effects for age and education noted between normative approaches.
A-146 Neuropsychological Evaluation and Outcomes of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated with Chemotherapy in a Transgender Adolescent Male: A Case Study
Authors: Kennedy Erin , Wahlberg Andrea
Published: August 2022

Objective: Transgender youth face enormous barriers to accessing medically necessary gender-transition-related care, including neuropsychological evaluation. Normative data for cognitive and psychological measures have not been developed for transgender individuals, creating a dilemma for neuropsychologists. Sex-based differences in certain domains and literature identifying brain-based changes with hormone therapy are additional factors. The aim of this study is to discuss unique considerations when evaluating medically complex transgender individuals.

Method: A 14-year-old transgender male (assigned female at birth) with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chemotherapy, presented for evaluation to assess late effects of treatment and psychiatric complexities. He experienced gender dysphoria since childhood, identified as non-binary during early adolescence, and recently identified as male. He had not yet begun medical treatment (puberty blockers, hormone therapy) related to gender-affirming care.

Results: Thoughtful consideration informed by current literature was made regarding test selection, norm usage, and data interpretation. Gender combined norms were used when available. Norms based on preferred or birth-assigned gender were used within the context of known sex-based differences in certain domains and low likelihood of brain-based changes at this time. Results revealed average or better performance across most domains, mild weakness in visual-motor integration and motor-dependent processing speed, and anxiety.

Conclusion: Outcomes were believed related to chemotherapeutic late effects along with complex psychosocial factors. This case highlights the need for a thoughtful approach to the neuropsychological evaluation of transgender youth from test and norm selection to data interpretation along with consideration of unique psychosocial factors which are likely to be present for transgender individuals.
A-151 Cognitive Sequelae of “Long COVID-19” in Older Adults with Cerebrovascular Risk Factors: A Case Series
Authors: Christopher Jennifer , Muslin Shana , Hymen Erica , Wyman Kate
Published: August 2022

Objective: Cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with increased risk for severe COVID-19 symptoms among older adults (CDC, 2021). Severe symptoms increase the likelihood of persistent symptoms following acute COVID-19 infection (i.e., “Long-COVID-19”) (Garg et al., 2021). Preliminary research has associated Long COVID-19 with psychological disorders and decline in multiple cognitive domains (Pyne & Brickman 2021). Provided the novelty of COVID-19, further research is required to substantiate findings and inform clinical application.

Methods: This case series includes three Caucasian geriatric patients with cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., diabetes and hypertension) and unremarkable psychiatric histories. Each was referred for neuropsychological evaluation due to residual cognitive symptoms 6-10 months post-recovery from severe COVID-19 infection. Only Patient A was hospitalized.

Results: Patient A’s (82, M) neuropsychological profile reflected deficits in executive functioning, variable processing speed, and mild depression. Patient B (86, F) demonstrated deficits in verbal learning and recall and variable attention, language, and visuospatial abilities. Patient C’s (70, F) results revealed deficits in verbal learning and recall, variable processing speed, and severe depression. All patients reported intact instrumental activities of daily living and were diagnosed with Mild Neurocognitive Disorder.

Conclusion: Older adults with cardiovascular risk factors may be at higher risk for persistent changes in cognitive and psychological functioning following COVID-19 infection. Consistent with previous research, the cognitive presentation of Long COVID-19 was heterogeneous among these patients. Future studies should examine the influence of cardiovascular risk factors or neuroimaging-based cerebrovascular burden on long-term recovery from COVID-19 infection among older adults.
A-152 Associations between Cognitive Functioning and Self-Report Mood Measures in a Veteran Clinical Population
Authors: Courtwright Kylie , Smith Cassandra , Engel David , Callahan Megan
Published: August 2022

Objective: To determine the strength of correlation between subjective mood distress and concurrent measures of objective cognitive functioning.

Method: 334 veterans (89.6% male; 93.7% White) were seen for neuropsychological evaluation at the VA Portland Health Care System (VAPORHCS; M/SD: age = 56.45/14.43; education = 13.16/2.37). Participants were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and either the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and/or PTSD Checklist (PCL). Partial correlations were used to determine associations between psychological distress and neuropsychological test performance, controlling for age and education. Three clinical groups were created based on each mood measure’s total score: 1.) BDI-II ≥ 20 (n= 96); 2.) GDS ≥ 11 (n = 17); 3.) PCL ≥ 33 (n = 57), and compared to a control group - scores below moderate cutoffs on BDI-II (n = 102), GDS (n = 16), and PCL (n = 8). Clinical groups were not mutually exclusive. Independent-samples t-tests compared neuropsychological test scores between groups.

Results: Two of the 111 bivariate correlations between the three mood measures and neuropsychological tests were statistically significant at p < .01, both with medium effect sizes (BDI-II and Pegboard dominant and nondominant hand). Across clinical group comparisons, none were statistically significant at p < .01; four from the BDI-II group were statistically significant at p < .05.

Conclusions: Few associations were found between subjective reports of mood distress and neuropsychological test performance, indicating statistical independence. Consistent with other literature, these results suggest reported mood distress has minimal impact on concurrent cognitive performance, except for motor slowing.
A-153 Characteristics of Patients Seeking Treatment for “Brain Fog” Secondary to Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in the Deep South
Authors: Robinson Jamie Hansel , Greenfield Melissa J , Lokken Kristine , Shah Udit Vipul , Agnihotri Shruti P , Wheeler Pariya Fazeli , Vance David E , Kennedy Richard , Gerstenecker Adam , Lazar Ronald M , Martin Roy C , Gerstenecker Kristen Triebel
Published: August 2022

Objective: Describe those with persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms seeking treatment for Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC).

Method: Patients were referred for neuropsychological evaluation from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Post-COVID Treatment Program. Ninety-seven patients completed a comprehensive set of self-report questionnaires.

Results: Patients were 49 years old (range: 18 to 74), had 15.49 years (SD = 2.43) of education, and identified as female (77%), married (51%), and White/Caucasian (73%) or Black/AA (25%). Reported annual income ranged from ≤ $20,000 (11%) to ≥ $100,000 (32%), with 75% currently employed. Confirmed positive test result for COVID-19 was reported in 88%, with 87% having the original virus and 13% the Delta variant, based on estimated dates of infection. Symptoms during the acute illness included: headache (76%), fever (51%), cough (57%), shortness of breath (56%), and loss of smell or taste (54%). Most of the participants were not hospitalized (76%) nor required oxygen therapy (78%). Persistent symptoms included: headache (55%), shortness of breath (53%), muscle and joint pain (53%), cough (17%), congestion (40%) and loss of smell or taste (25%). Of these participants, 87% reported they had not returned to their baseline health because of COVID-19 and most indicated impaired job performance following COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion: Those who sought treatment for persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms following a symptomatic course of COVID-19 were commonly middle aged, White, women, with at least a high school education. “Brain fog” secondary to PASC can result in reported persistent health and neuropsychiatric issues that can impact ability to work.