bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Citizen Participation in the First Constitutional Activation of Direct Democracy Mechanisms in Mexico
Authors: Alacio-García Rosa Ynés
Published: October 2023

The mechanisms of direct democracy involve the participation through voting, from the legal forms of enquiry such as referendum, plebiscite, revocation of mandate, though it can include other graded definitions that go from the minimalist to wider conceptions such as the intervention in fiscal resources and the civic audit. The legal system ensures order. Legal models are the first step to move on to the institutionalized use of DDM as a possibility of influence of the governed ones on public decisions. The ways to influence are different in each country, not only because of the legal model in its government levels, but also because of the citizenship and its characteristics, product of the historical context of construction of the state which brings distinctive features for its use. Can political power be shared? And what is the purpose? The mechanisms of direct democracy in the south of the continent with the exception of Chile and Uruguay, have been institutionalized due to political circumstances of social conflict (as in Bolivia and Ecuador), because of scarce social movilization (like Argentina and Peru), because of low institutional instability (as occurred in Colombia), medium (like Venezuela, Bolivia and Argentina), and high (Ecuador and Peru), and just in Bolivia the clear incorporation took place due to a social demand. In this sense, What DDM are useful for? And for whom? Is it possible to influence public decisions based on the DDM? Legislating direct democracy mechanisms and activating them is not enough to give a sense of civic empowerment to these forms of participatory democracy. The method used is qualitative documentary, based on analysis of the political, legal, social, institutional, electoral dimensions, with the help of geographic information systems (GIS).
Changes in the epidemiological pattern of chronic B hepatitis amongst inmates in Catalonia: current prevalence and predictive variables
Authors: Jesús Abdo Sanmartino Indiana , Guerrero-Moreno Rafael A. , Marco Mouriño Andrés
Published: October 2023

Background: The epidemiology of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Spain has changed due to migratory movements and the implementation of vaccination programs. The objective is to determine if prevalence has also changed amongst in Catalonia and the potential predictive variables of the infection. Material and method: Observational cross-sectional multi-centre study of CHB prevalence. Epidemiological and clinical variables were included, and their predictive capacity is analysed by means of a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 6508 prisoners were studied. CHB prevalence was 1.7%, much less than in studies carried out in previous years. In inmates from North Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, and Sub-Saharan Africa the CHB rate was 2.8, 4.2, 4.9 and 16.2 times higher, respectively, than amongst those born in Spain, which was 0.6%, the same as in the general population. CHB was associated with: a) being an immigrant [2.6%; OR: 4.18 (CI: 2.50-6.90; P <0.001); b) being unvaccinated (3.1%; OR: 0.13; CI: 0.06-0.26; P <0.001); and c) being infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [3.9%; OR: 3.23; CI: 1.24-8.40; P = 0.016]. Conclusion: Vaccination against HBV (hepatitis B virus) has greatly reduced CHB prevalence in inmates over the past 30 years but remains high in immigrants and those with HIV. We recommend: a) maintaining HBV screening amongst inmates; b) continuing with vaccination programmes; and c) referring CHB cases to specialized programs for further study and treatment if needed.
Rights of Data Subjects in the United Kingdom and the European Union
Authors:   Westminster International University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Abdikadirov Meyirbek , Rakhmatkariev Amirkhon , Olimjonov Sarvarbek , Orifjonov Dilshodbek
Published: October 2023

In the digital age, the collection and processing of vast amounts of personal data have made it necessary to establish legal frameworks that protect the rights of individuals. This legal essay provides an overview of the existing data subject rights in the UK and EU, with a focus on the right to erasure on blockchain and the right not to be subject to automated decision-making in respect of artificial intelligence. The paper examines the legal framework surrounding these rights as well as any potential challenges or limitations they may face in practice. The right to erasure on the blockchain is explained, including its benefits and drawbacks, and its interaction with data protection laws in the UK and EU. The right not to be subject to automated decision-making is also discussed, including the legal framework surrounding this right, as well as its relationship with artificial intelligence and data protection laws. The implementation of these rights is essential in safeguarding individuals' privacy and promoting trust in the use of technology. Although there may be barriers preventing individuals from fully exercising these rights, legal remedies such as increased awareness and transparency, as well as changes to the law and harsher consequences for noncompliance, can help to mitigate these obstacles.
A Study of Social Acceptability of NFTs
Authors:   Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking East Building, Tokyo, Japan, Ichihara Kohei
Published: October 2023

In 2022, the Japanese government is strongly proposing to focus on developing the Web3 industry. The government is exploring the use of NFTs to commercialize content such as Japanese animations and games as Web3 businesses. NFT (Non-Fungible Token) means "unique and non-substitutable data unit recorded in blockchain". NFT indicates the owner of digital content by linking the NFT with digital content such as image or audio data. On the other hand, NFTs are constructed using complex technologies such as “blockchain” and “smart contracts”. For this reason, many people do not understand the technical mechanism of NFTs. There are also aspects of excessive expectations for NFTs based on misunderstandings. I think that the bubble caused by excessive expectations negatively affects the development of technology. Therefore, in this research, I investigated what kind of value people find after understanding the mechanism of NFTs. Also, based on the survey, I find the functions desired for NFTs. Specifically, I made a video for non-technical people to easy to understand how NFTs work. And I showed the non-technical people the video with a demonstration of NFT tampering. After showing the video to the viewers, I surveyed them to investigate how their understanding of NFTs and the perceived value of NFTs changed. As a result, people understood that NFTs were not used as keys to access contents, but rather as a way to brag about what the holders had.
ÇARİÇE II. KATERİNA’NIN KIRIM SEYAHATİ (1787) VE BU SEYAHATİN OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDEKİ YANSIMALARI
Authors: AYDIN Mustafa
Published: October 2023

1475 yılından beri Osmanlı hâkimiyetinde bulunan Kırım, 1783 yılında Rusya tarafından ilhak edilmiştir. 1784 yılında Osmanlı Devleti’nin ilhakı meşru kılacak senedi Rusya’ya vermesinin ardından 1787 yılında Rus Çariçesi II. Katerina Kırım’a bir seyahat gerçekleştirmiştir. Çariçe II. Katerina’nın söz konusu Kırım seyahati ile ilgili daha önce Sinan Yüksel tarafından “II. Ekaterina’nın Kırım Seyahati (1787)” adlı bir makale yayınlanmıştır. Bu makalede ağırlıklı olarak Rus kaynakları kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ise; Rus Çariçesinin Kırım’a yaptığı seyahatin hazırlık evresinden başlayarak Kırım’a seyahati sırasında ve Kırım’da bulunduğu sürede yaşananlar ile Osmanlı Devleti’nin bu seyahati nasıl değerlendirdiği ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın ana kaynaklarını söz konusu seyahat sırasında Çariçenin yanında bulunan Fransa’nın St. Petersburg Elçisi Kont Segur’un, o dönemde özel bir görevle St. Petersburg’da bulunan Avusturyalı diplomat Prens Ligne’nin ve Rus Generali Potemkin’in hatıraları ile yazarı belli olmayan, ancak Çariçenin çok yakınında olduğu anlaşılan biri tarafından yazılan “Taurische Reise” adlı eser oluştur-maktadır. Bu hatıralar gerek Rus Çariçesi II. Katerina’nın, gerek Avusturya İmparatoru II. Joseph’in, gerekse Fransız Elçisi Kont Segur’un seyahat sırasındaki genel izlenimlerini, Osmanlı Devleti’nin Rusya, Fransa ve Avusturya ile olan ilişkilerini, Osmanlı Devleti hakkında kullanılan ifadeleri ve o dönemde Osmanlı Devleti’ne olan bakış açısını ortaya koyması bakımından önemli görülmektedir. Seyahat sırasında Rus Çariçesinin eski sevgilisi Polonya Kralı Poniatowski ile buluşması ve Kaydak’tan itibaren Avusturya İmparatoru II. Joseph ile birlikte Kırım’a seyahat etmesi de bu seyahatle ilgili dikkat çekici hususlar olarak göze çarpmaktadır.
1787-1792 OSMANLI-RUS SAVAŞI’NDA DOĞU KARADENİZ BÖLGESİ’NDEN ASKER ALIMINDA ÂYÂNLARIN ROLÜ
Authors: TERCAN Mustafa Işkın
Published: October 2023

Osmanlı Devleti, XVII. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru uzayan savaşlar nedeniyle ordunun finansmanını sağlamak için mukâtaaları malikaneye dönüştürmeye başlamıştır. Bu süreç içinde malikanelerin yönetimini devr alan âyânlar ceplerdeki ordulara asker temin etme sorumluluğunu da üstlenmişlerdir. Trabzon Eyaleti, Osmanlı Devleti’nin bütün merkezi eyaletlerinde olduğu gibi bu genel değişikliklerden etkilenmiştir. Özellikle XVIII. yüzyılda bölgenin askeri olarak hareketlenmesiyle birlikte Trabzon bölgesinde pek çok önde gelen derebeyi Yeniçeri Ocağı’na intisap etmiştir. Savaşlar için topladıkları neferler sayesinde kazandıkları askerî unvanlara dayanarak giderek güçlenmişler ve ittifaklar kurarak pazar yerlerinin gelirlerini veya vakıf arazilerinin ve maden bölgelerinin mültezimliğini ele geçirmişlerdir. Yerel halk derebeyler/âyânlar aracılığıyla askere alındıkça, bu güç sahipleri zaman içinde kendi hanedanlarını yaratarak taşrada merkezi otoritenin varlığını tehdit edecek hale gelmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin coğrafi özellikleri de dikkate alınarak bölgedeki derebeylerin ve yeniçerilerin âyânlığa geçiş süreci açıklanmış, ardından da 1787-1792 Osmanlı-Rus Harbi sırasında Kuzey Kafkasya cephesine asker sevkiyle ilgili rolleri incelenmiştir.
SAMSUN’DA OSMANLI DÖNEMİ ÂSÂR-I ATÎKA ARAŞTIRMALARI (1863-1911)
Authors: ŞAHİN Bilgehan
Published: October 2023

Çalışmanın inceleme sahası olan Samsun XIX. ve XX. asırlarda hızla gelişmeye başlamış ve şehirdeki imar faaliyetleri sonucunda birtakım arkeolojik bulgular elde edilmiştir. Bu sayede kente arkeolojik anlamda bir ilgi oluşmuş ve bu zamanla yabancı elçiliklerin de dikkatini çekmiştir. Ayrıca yerli araştırmacılar da define ve eski eser çıkarmak adına birtakım girişimlerde bulunmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti bunlara yayınladığı kanunlar ekseninde bir çözüm yolu aramıştır. Bu makalede arkeolojik yerler, bulgular ve araştırma yapan kişilerden örnekler verilerek Osmanlı Devleti’nin Samsun örneğinde âsâr-ı atîka hakkında ne tür gelişmelerin yaşandığı ve bunların sonuçları ele alınmıştır. Bu yapılırken birinci el kaynaklar olan Osmanlı arşivleri ışığında diğer araştırma eserleri incelenerek bir sonuca varılmıştır.
From Cut-in to Qanats - Ancient Groundwater Extraction Techniques
Authors: WITTENBERG Hartmut , AKSOY Hafzullah
Published: October 2023

Where a hillside stratified aquifer intersects the earth surface, springs and outseeping are observed. Cutting into this zone, thus opening it by digging, allows to increase and capture water outflow. As a matter of principle this classical method for water extraction without pumping, which is still found in hilly rural regions today, was already used 3600 years ago by the Hittites to fill the ponds of their capital Hattuşa in Central Anatolia. The today sedimented reservoirs were dug downhill of groundwater bearing zones. Rising in winter, groundwater discharged into the ponds through alongside cuts. The Hittites avoided the risks of strongly varying surface flows by opening near-surface groundwater and stratum aquifers. Although hydraulic investigation based on in-situ measurement of groundwater level supports the short-term efficiency of the ponds in supplying water to the ancient city, at the long-term, the decline of the Empire was probably triggered by severe droughts expanded over years. This seems plausible as severe droughts are still being experienced. For a higher and more reliable water yield, the further development went from ’cutting’ in to ’penetrating’ into the aquifer with tunnel-like drain conduits which collected the water and conveyed it to settlements and irrigation schemes. The improved water extraction system, named qanats, appeared in Eastern Anatolia and Persia about 500 years after the abandon of Hattuşa. An example of a qanat system in western Iran is presented in this study with less emphasis compared to the cut-in yet representative enough to demonstrate its role in supplying water sustainably. We conclude that the ancient time thinking is the same as that of modern engineering, and the ancient time hydraulic works are fundamental for today's civil structures.
Implementing e-learning environment at universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Nurovic Ekrem , Poturak Mersid
Published: October 2023

The ubiquity of e-learning has necessitated research into its application and effectiveness. This study scrutinizes the factors influencing e-learning adoption in Bosnia and Herzegovina, specifically within the higher education sector. To determine these influential factors, the study surveyed professors from both private and public universities via emails, achieving 220 responses from over 1,500 sent. The collected data was analyzed using SmartPLS, and regression modeling was used to determine the significant relationships among the factors. The findings highlighted seven key elements, including e-learning policies, institutional readiness, quality e-learning systems, course design quality, awareness of benefits, interactive discussions, and motivation. Furthermore, the research unveiled six substantial gaps in the current e-learning structure: resource insufficiency, lack of e-learning skills, ineffective course design, inadequate knowledge of benefits, low motivation, and a lack of student-centered learning. It has been concluded that these seven factors, and their intricate relationships, significantly impact the successful adoption and effectiveness of e-learning tools within universities. The research offers practical guidance for universities aiming to implement or enhance e-learning practices, emphasizing areas requiring increased attention and resources. It underscores the importance of not only the technical infrastructure but also the quality of course design, the role of awareness and motivation, and the necessity of a student-centered approach.
Unused portions of vegetables can void malnutrition: Production, acceptability, and nutritional analysis
Authors: Das Manika , Roy Banhishikha
Published: October 2023

Nutritional deficiency is a serious public health concern in many developing nations due to the high cost of food for those in lower socioeconomic classes. 1.3 billion tons of food are reportedly lost or wasted annually, beginning in the production phase and continuing into the consumer sector. Yet, worldwide, malnutrition-related problems claim the lives of 75% of youngsters. In Asia, including India, cauliflower, turnips, radishes, and peas are frequently consumed and grown in enormous amounts. However, the leaves and pods of these vegetables are normally discarded. They include large macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant-rich phenolic chemicals. In this study, unwanted vegetable parts—primarily leaves and pods—typically thrown away in trash cans were repurposed to create a product that can help the low-socioeconomic population overcome nutritional deficiencies. Many product varieties were made using unused turnips, radish, peas, and cauliflower leaves. The items with the best acceptability were those that were high in calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, phenol, and antioxidants. Therefore, it can be stated that the product, which was created utilizing an abandoned vegetable portion (leaves and pods), is nutrient-dense, affordable, and capable of addressing nutritional inadequacies.
Infrastruktura społeczno-techniczna w krajach Unii Europejskiej – analiza taksonomiczna
Authors: Wawrzyniak Dorota
Published: October 2023

Celem artykułu jest porównanie poziomu rozwoju infrastruktury społeczno-technicznej w krajach Unii Europejskiej oraz określenie miejsca Polski w rankingu. W analizie obejmującej 27 państw członkowskich UE wykorzystano 9 zmiennych diagnostycznych charakteryzujących różne aspekty infrastruktury społeczno- technicznej. Do uporządkowania państw zastosowano metody wielowymiarowej analizy porównawczej – metodę wzorca rozwoju Z. Hellwiga oraz metodę sum standaryzowanych wartości. W rankingach krajów UE otrzymanych różnymi metodami czołowe miejsca zajmują Austria, Niemcy i Grecja, zaś ostatnie Cypr, Malta i Rumunia. Polska w zależności od wykorzystanej metody znajduje się na odległej pozycji – 23. lub 24. Polepszenie jej niekorzystnej sytuacji na tle innych krajów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie infrastruktury społeczno-technicznej wymaga poprawy niektórych jej elementów reprezentowanych przez wykorzystane w analizie zmienne m.in.: liczbę lekarzy na 100 tys. ludności oraz liczbę miejsc noclegowych w hotelach i innych obiektach krótkookresowego zakwaterowania na 1 tys. osób.
Życie w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przeobrażenia kontaktów i relacji między ludźmi
Authors: Karkowska Marta
Published: October 2023

W artykule podjęto kwestie związane przemian życia społecznego w Polsce, wywołanych pojawieniem się i rozprzestrzenianiem choroby Covid-19. Omówione zostały m.in. zaobserwowane na poziomie mikrospołecznym przekształcenia praktykowanych wcześniej sposobów kontaktowania się z innymi ludźmi; postrzeganie kontaktów z osobami obcymi lub tymi, które nie należą do grona domowników lub najbliższej rodziny; zmiany w aktywnościach realizowanych w przestrzeni publicznej; a także przeobrażenia wypracowanych przez lata wzorców zachowań społecznych. Wskazano także kluczowe przyczyny tych zjawisk oraz zaobserwowane po pierwszym roku pandemii konsekwencje. Wnioski przedstawione zostały w świetle koncepcji teoretycznych przywoływanych przez badaczy zajmujących się problematyką więzi społecznych i zmiany społecznej. Podstawą empiryczną wniosków są materiały pozyskane w ramach badania jakościowego przeprowadzonego w 2020 r. w związku z wybuchem pandemii Covid-19 w Polsce, dotyczącego postaw społecznych i stylu życia w kontekście zmian klimatu; oraz przedsięwzięcia badawczego realizowanego w 2021 r., w ramach którego powrócono do tych samych rozmówców.
Management of Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) of Fenugreek in Rajasthan
Authors: Kumari Santosh , Meena A.K. , Singh Jasveer , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Vikash , Singh Jasveer
Published: October 2023

Background: Charcoal rot of fenugreek caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is destructive disease of all fenugreek growing areas of Rajasthan, The disease is wide occurrence in sandy soil of Rajasthan, where the climatic conditions are dry and temperature remains high. Under severe infestation it cause 35.00-42.56% losses in yield. In the present investigation, our main emphasis was to find out some new fungicides alone and combination with bio-agent for management of charcoal rot of fenugreek. Methods: Eight fungicides viz., captan 70%+ hexaconazole 5% WP, azoxystrobin 18.2% + difenaconazole 1.4% SC, chlorothalonil 75% WP, carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% WP, tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG, carboxin 37.5% + thiram 37.5% WP, copper oxychloride 50% WP and captan 70% WP were tested at different concentration of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm against M. phaseolina using Poisoned Food Technique in vitro. The in vivo study was taken to evaluate the effect of one fungal and one bacterial bio-agent viz., T. harzianum, P. fluorescens was applied as seed treatment, soil dressing and soil application @ 5+5g/kg and @ 10 kg/ha respectively and fungicides viz., tebuconazole 50%+ trifloxystrobin 25% @ 1.5 g/kg, carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% @ 2 g/kg and azoxystrobin 18.2% + difenaconazole 11.4% 2 ml/kg seed were used in different treatments. The experiment was conducted at Experimental farm COA, SKRAU, Bikaner during Rabi 2020-21 on most popular cv. Rmt-305 in RBD design with the application of seed treatment, soil dressing and foliar spray of different fungicides with bioagents at different concentrations against Charcoal Rot disease and compared with an untreated control. Result: Among all the tested fungicides used in the present investigation, tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG found most effective in controlling the mycelium growth of pathogen. In field condition, it gave maximum disease control (85.72%) with highest grain yield (19.83 q/ha) when applied as seed treatment with tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG @ 1.5 g/kg seed + soil application of T. harzianum @ 10 kg/ha + SD with tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG. These treatments can provide an effective management of charcoal rot disease for fenugreek cultivators.
Influence of Morphological and Biochemical Parameters for Infection of Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus and Bemisia tabaci in Mungbean and Urdbean
Authors: Vidyashree L.K. , Sunkad Gururaj , . Venkatesh , Sugeetha G. , Pankaja N.S.
Published: October 2023

Background: Mungbean and Urdbean are the important pulses in India which are regarded as prospective protein source for human daily diet and rich source of protein and carbohydrate. Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus is one of the destructive diseases to pulses and transmitted by whitefly. Among the pulses, mungbean and urdbean are severely affected by MYMV in India. Present investigation was aimed to determine the congenial and mitigating factors of mungbean and urdbean crops with reference to infection of MYMV and its vector. Methods: The morphological and biochemical analysis was carried out by factorial RCBD consisting of two factors viz., factor 1: Crops (V) (Mung bean and Urd bean) and factor 2: observation at 15 days interval up to 90 DAS (S) for recording different morphological and biochemical parameters. Result: Morphological parameters of urdbean are able to mitigate the vector incidence and indirectly reduced the MYMV infection in urdbean than mungbean. Further, the biochemical parameters levels were more in urdbean than mungbean and their levels increased with the increased MYMV incidence. Hence, it is concluded that the morphological characters are found responsible for vector infestation where as biochemical levels are important for the infection of MYMV in both the crops.
Choay e o destino da cidade:
Authors: Carneiro Pinto de Magalhães Mario Luis , Brandão Luiz Sergio
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho aborda a obra de Françoise Choay (1925-), com foco em sua Antologia do Urbanismo de 1965. Apropriada frequentemente de modo manualístico, buscamos evidenciar  seu processo de montagem e seleção de “clássicos”. Colocamos em evidência o caráter programático e de manifesto da obra contra os modelos, mas sobretudo seu engajamento em defesa de um fundamento antropológico do construir. Neste intuito fazemos a análise de dois agrupamentos, “pré-urbanismo sem modelo” e “filosofia da cidade”,  as apreciações gerais que faz deles Choay e sobre alguns de seus correspondentes autores e os respectivos fragmentos selecionados.

Palavras-Chave: Urbanismo; Historiografia; Biografia
Importância do reconhecimento patrimonial em Caetité: edificações modernas em uma cidade histórica do Alto Sertão Baiano
Authors: Sérgio Neves Ledo Renato , Rosenthal Schlee Andrey
Published: October 2023

O artigo objetiva discorrer sobre a necessidade de preservação de um conjunto de edifícios erguidos em meados de 1960, e que são reconhecidos como modernos, todos localizados em Caetité, Bahia. A (co)existência, no referido município, de casario colonial e eclético, vinculado à formação inicial da malha urbana, com os bens modernos, requer especial atenção, uma vez que todos são testemunhos de distintos momentos da história local.

Nesse diálogo, entre os tempos e valores históricos, que o trabalho aponta para um possível risco: da rememoração do pretérito perfeito, da amnésia do “pretérito imperfeito”. Se, por um lado, os anos dos barões e coronéis com sua materialidade de outrora fazem-se emoldurados na parede da memória do seu povo, a expressão arquitetônica, na mesma linha do tempo, de momento outro consumado nos anos 1960 e estendido à contemporaneidade, mostra timidamente seu mérito.

É desperto, assim, o pensamento acerca da compreensão da história enquanto processo contínuo que envolve momentos e feitos diversos. Com isso, o trabalho versa que edifícios vinculados à estética modernista, em uma cidade fortemente atrelada à expressão arquitetônica de séculos anteriores, traduzem peculiaridades e estão na posição de serem compreendidos como Patrimônio Cultural.
Análise de conforto térmico em projeto padrão Proinfância, na cidade de Buritama/SP.
Authors: De Souza Secato Giovanna , De Luna Sales Gustavo
Published: October 2023

A prática de projetos escolares padronizados é comum no Brasil por apresentar custos menores e rapidez na construção, no entanto, pode não ser benéfica ao conforto térmico do usuário no ambiente construído, por não considerar aspectos físicos e climáticos de cada localidade. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o conforto térmico em projeto padrão de escola infantil do Programa Proinfância na cidade de Buritama/SP, zona bioclimática 6. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método de simulação computacional, através dos softwares Sketchup, OpenStudio e EnergyPlus para os cenários de quatro possíveis orientações de implantação, incluindo a implantação real da edificação. Mediante simulações, observou-se que os melhores resultados para o percentual de horas em conforto térmico não foram apresentados pela orientação de implantação real da edificação, Noroeste/Sudeste, mas pela orientação Oeste/Leste. Para a melhoria no percentual de horas em conforto da orientação real, que apresentou desconforto considerável para frio, foi proposto a redução dos beirais de sombreamento, visto que, nos estudos em carta solar, pôde-se perceber sombreamento excessivo nas salas analisadas. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a intervenção melhorou os percentuais de conforto térmico para os meses frios e manteve percentual satisfatório para o ano inteiro.
Pedagogía crítica y discusiones sobre género. Adaptación de la foto voz como herramienta pedagógica en la clase de humanidades
Authors: Zúñiga-Bustamante Jessie
Published: October 2023

Las Humanidades son fundamentales para promover el pensamiento crítico y despertar curiosidad por la investigación, así como para cuestionar las realidades que moldean el contexto social de los discentes. La foto voz, adaptada al contexto del aula como herramienta pedagógica, podría ofrecer un espacio más abierto de participación, compromiso estudiantil y discusión de temas polémicos y difíciles de abordar para muchos. Asimismo, al usar la fotografía (o el dibujo) como medio, se exhorta la creatividad y la reflexión sobre el uso de la imagen para crear discurso, expresar ideas y problemáticas sociales o capturar la realidad social desde una óptica particular.
Hacia una perspectiva plurilingüe e intercultural en la formación en lenguas extranjeras para estudiantes indígenas en el contexto universitario
Authors: Arismendi Gómez Fabio Alberto , Ramírez Jiménez Denis , Zuluaga Molina Juan Felipe
Published: October 2023

En este artículo, discutimos las implicaciones que conlleva la presencia de estudiantes indígenas en los programas universitarios en Colombia. Esta discusión se realiza a partir de los hallazgos de un estudio de caso llevado a cabo en el programa de Licenciatura en Lenguas Extranjeras (inglés y francés), en una universidad colombiana. En este estudio participaron ocho estudiantes provenientes de diferentes comunidades indígenas del país. Los datos provienen principalmente de entrevistas individuales y colectivas realizadas con los estudiantes y de grupos focales realizados con sus profesores. Los hallazgos sugieren implicaciones en tres ámbitos: en lo institucional, en lo pedagógico y didáctico, y estudiantil. Una perspectiva de educación plurilingüe e intercultural puede guiar las diferentes acciones que podrían implementarse en cada uno de esos ámbitos, para contribuir a una formación en lenguas extranjeras más justa y equitativa.
Las exploraciones botánicas de Hermann Wendland en Centroamérica (1856-1857) II. En la región de Sarapiquí, Costa Rica
Authors: Dowe John Leslie , Hijle Luko
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo corresponde a la segunda parte del relato intitulado Notas de viaje del jardinero de la corte Hermann Wendland, publicado en 1857 en la revista Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung, cuya primera parte fue traducida recientemente para la revista Comunicación.
Breastfeedıng Attitudes of Puerperal Women and Influencing Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kaya Odabaş Resmiye , Sökmen Yasemin , Doğru Seren , Taşpınar Ayten
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION:Assessment of mothers’ breastfeeding attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic can aid healthcare professionals in planning appropriate breastfeeding counseling. The aim of our study is to assess the breastfeeding attitudes of puerperal women during the COVID-19 pandemic and the related factors.

METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 470 postpartum women who delivered in a state hospital in Turkey in 2022. Participants were selected through simple random sampling.

RESULTS:The mean score on the Breastfeeding Attitude Evaluation Scale was 101.11 ± 19.79 (scores range from 0 to 184). Factors that positively influenced breastfeeding attitude included initiating breastfeeding in the first hour after birth (p= .043), planning exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months (p= .004), intending to breastfeed for 24 months or more (p= .008), giving breast milk as the baby’s first food (p= .017), believing that a COVID-19-infected mother should breastfeed her baby (p= .000), and not separating a COVID-19-positive mother from her baby (p= .014). Conversely, being a primiparous mother (p= .011) and not believing that breast milk protects the baby from COVID-19 (p= .011) negatively impacted the breastfeeding attitude.

CONCLUSION:This study found that postpartum women had positive breastfeeding attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and certain factors influenced these attitudes.
Lessons Learned from Mobilising Research for Impact During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Siela Bossba Benghong
Published: October 2023

During the Covid-19 pandemic, research organisations have strived to be resilient. This means navigating through the technical, operational, and political challenges to achieving successful research implementation. Particularly for local policy research thinktanks, the pandemic has made these challenges even more difficult to address. From the experience of the Cambodia Development Resource Institute (CDRI) in implementing large-sample research in the formal and informal sectors during the pandemic, these challenges are countered through: (1) the incorporation of a technical advisory team; (2) the adoption of a flexible resource allocation strategy; and (3) the implementation of a quality assurance system. Policy research is only impactful when the knowledge produced serves its purpose as evidence to inform policymaking and guide programme intervention. To realise this objective, CDRI implements three types of engagement activities (consultation, coordination, and validation) that provide opportunities for interaction between researchers and relevant stakeholders.
Arab Region Social Protection Systems: Research and Policy Design Challenges
Authors: Al Shami Farah
Published: October 2023

This article examines the challenges and opportunities that exist for the production of knowledge and the design of evidence-based policies which aim at achieving more equitable and inclusive social protection systems in the Arab region. The article builds on the experiences of researchers and activists following the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic and considers the challenges they faced. It examines the root causes of those challenges as related to data collection, analysis, and interpretation; the adopted research methods and approaches; the typology of researchers, research subjects, practitioners, and activists; the research outputs and the policy recommendations ensuing from them; and the policy spaces encountered when lobbying for the necessary reforms. The article proposes solutions to extend the struggle against the ‘violence of modernity’ when trying to influence policymaking, suggesting a departure from normative forms of knowledge production and advocacy on socioeconomic rights in the Arab region to more homegrown, engaged forms.
Resilience in the Time of a Pandemic: Developing Public Policies for Ollas Comunes in Peru
Authors: Fort Ricardo , Alcázar Lorena
Published: October 2023

The coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has created economic, social, and food security crises in many countries throughout the world. Faced with growing hunger in Peru, and the government’s delayed and inadequate reaction, the most important response came from the citizens themselves, particularly the women, in the form of thousands of social care initiatives known as ollas comunes (literally ‘communal pots’, similar to soup kitchens, whereby local communities pool their resources to supply food for everyone in the neighbourhood). This article tells the parallel stories of the resurgence of these ollas comunes and the state-funded support initiatives, alongside the process followed by GRADE (Group for the Analysis of Development – Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo; a non-profit research centre founded in Peru) that enabled it to contribute to those institutions looking to improve access to food for the most vulnerable people. Both stories are underpinned by a common ability to adapt quickly, which is crucial for achieving objectives in uncertain and ever‑changing situations.
Glossary
Authors: Ordóñez Llanos Andrea , Georgalakis James
Published: October 2023

This is the Glossary for IDS Bulletin 54.2: Knowledge in Times of Crisis: Transforming Research-to-Policy Approaches.
The experience of using the author’s therapeutic and diagnostic apparatus in the clinic
Authors: Chepuryaeva Olga S.
Published: October 2023

When examining patients in clinical dental practice, especially in cases of total occlusion reconstruction, the most important thing is to diagnose the condition of human masticatory muscles, in particular, to determine their bioelectric activity and contraction strength. The accuracy of the diagnosis depends on the correctness of the diagnosis and subsequent treatment. After analyzing the diagnostic devices used to study the condition of human masticatory muscles, we found out that today there are no those that can provide comprehensive diagnostic procedures. Therefore, we have developed an authors device that can be used for gnathodynamometry and electromyography of human masticatory muscles, as well as training with BOS therapy. In this work, a large-scale study of diagnostic devices was conducted, followed by a survey of 100 relatively healthy volunteers aged 1835 years. The effectiveness of diagnostic devices was determined clinically and statistically. According to the results of the study, the following data were obtained: the highest number of points was scored by the "EMG-BOS AND GDM-BOS, EMG AND GDM APPARATUS" developed by us 85.83 points. The adaptive electromyograph "Synapsis" scored less 82.24 points, and the electronic gnathodynamometer "Vizir-E1000" (Russia) only 79.47 points.
Experience in the treatment of a patient with Wilson – Konovalov’s disease: a clinical case
Authors: Statsenko Mikhail E. , Kurushina Olga V. , Emelyanov Dmitry N. , Myazin Roman G. , Leshina Olga A. , Kirina Marina A.
Published: October 2023

A clinical case of long-term treatment and observation of a patient with a diagnosis of Wilson Konovalovs disease is presented. This rare hereditary disease belongs to storage diseases and is associated with impaired copper metabolism. The article considers the course of the disease, analyzes the data of laboratory and instrumental studies conducted on the patient in various clinics. It is emphasized that during 25 years of dynamic observation and treatment, it is possible to prevent the development of liver cirrhosis in the patient.
Influence of complex cardio-respiratory recovery therapy on the efficiency of rehabilitation and quality of life on hypertensive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of dust etiology
Authors: Ignatenko G. A. , Mukhin I. V. , Sochilin A. V. , Golchenko V. M.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of two rehabilitation regimens on the effectiveness and quality of life in hypertensive patients with dusty chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study included 73 hypertensive patients (all men) with dust COPD. Patients of group 1 (n = 38) received only the basic cardio-respiratory complex of rehabilitation measures, and the representatives of group 2 (n = 35) received sessions of interval normobaric hypoxic therapy (INBHT) in addition to the basic complex. The control group included 40 practically healthy men of the same age. The basic program included a set of methods: electrosleep, magnetotherapy, sinus module currents, diadynamic currents, franklinization, darsonvalization, laser therapy, electrophoresis, kinesitherapy, massage, reflexotherapy. For INBHT, daily 15-day sessions were used in the Bio-Nova 204AF installation (manufactured by the Scientific and Technical Association Bio-Nova, Moscow, Russia). Statistical data processing was carried out using the software package for statistical analysis Statistica 6.0. The result of a comprehensive cardio-respiratory rehabilitation program was an increase in the effectiveness of restorative measures and an improvement in quality of life indicators, which was achieved through the synergistic effect of traditional approaches with INBHT sessions. Such a comprehensive program had a more pronounced beneficial effect on both the course of hypertensive and respiratory syndromes. The proposed rehabilitation approach can further improve the effectiveness of restorative measures (by 13.1 % increase the frequency of positive results), increase the frequency of reaching the target level of blood pressure by 9.7 %, reduce the frequency of complicated and 7.9 % uncomplicated hypertensive cases by 4.1 %. Crises, improve bronchial patency and diffusion capacity of the lungs, partially restore the complex of psychological, social and pain parameters of the quality of life.
The condition of the oral mucosa and salivary glands against the background of systemic diseases
Authors: Kotionova-Ovod Irina A. , Simanovskaya Oksana E. , Postnikov Mikhail A. , Mokshin Alexander K.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this article is to give a brief overview of the manifestations in the oral cavity of systemic diseases in patients, such as diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis of the liver, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, iron deficiency anemia, based on domestic and foreign literature data for the last 10 years. The review will focus on diseases affecting the oral mucosa and salivary glands, since these tissues are of the greatest interest to practicing dentists of all profiles. Pathological processes that occur in the human body due to systemic diseases are often manifested through changes in the mucous membrane or organs of the oral cavity and in most cases are the first clinical signs of metabolic disorders, especially in diseases of the digestive, endocrine, hematopoietic systems. The degree of manifestation of somatic pathologies in the oral cavity is directly dependent on the severity of the disease, since the physiological processes in the body acquire a pathological character. This article will be useful for practicing dentists of all specialties, for the formation of clinical thinking.
Exclusive Breastfeeding and Infant Psychomotor Development
Authors: Labatjo Rahma , Saleh Isma , Blongkod Fitriani R
Published: October 2023

Exclusive breastfeeding is known as giving an infant breastmilk for the first six months. Breastmilk is provided to the infant as the only food source, and they will acquire additional food after 6 months of age. Mothers in Indonesia frequently experience an issue related to exclusive breastfeeding. Some of the mothers' perceptions believe that their breastmilk is insufficient, meaning that the mother merely possesses a limited amount of milk. This study seeks to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and psychomotor development in infants aged 6-9 months in the working area of Buntuila Community Health Center. This study applied a quantitative approach, while data analysis used statistics. It employs analytical observational research,with cross-sectional design. Samples were collected simultaneously. Based on the study findings, infants who were exclusively breastfed experienced normal development were 17 samples (70.8%), questionable development were 7 samples (29.2%), and deviant development by 0 samples (0.0%). While infants who were not exclusively breastfed experienced normal development were 11 samples (35.5%), questionable development were 13 samples (41.9%), and deviant development were 7 samples (22.6). It is undeniable that exclusive breastfeeding has a significant role in infant’s psychomotor development. Therefore, it is important to improve multi-stakeholder actions such as health promotion and campaigns on exclusive breastfeeding.
Organoleptic Evaluation of Kepok Banana Heart (Musa Paradisiaca Normalis) Nugget with Added Catfish
Authors: Sineke Jufri , Purba Rudolf Boyke , Paruntu Olga Lieke , Montol Ana B , Rangka Nada Sofia
Published: October 2023

Food is defined as something that can be eaten by humans. In terms of consuming food, it is important to pay attention to the diversity of types of food, so that nutrients can be fulfilled. Banana heart has a very high fiber content. The types of banana buds used in this study were kepok banana buds. Catfish contains high nutritional value and used as a source of protein. This study aims to determine the organoleptic evaluation of kepok banana heart nuggets with addition of catfish including color, aroma, texture, and taste. The research design was a quasi-experimental experiment with three treatments using a comparison of banana heart kepok and catfish meat, as followP1 (banana heart 250 g and catfish 100 g), P2 (banana heart 200 g and catfish 50 g), and P3 (banana heart 150 g fish and catfish 25 gr). The results of the color test showed that the highest results were 100% like to very much like P1 and P2, aroma 100% like to very much like P2 and P3, texture 100% like to very much like P2 and taste 100% like very much like is at P2. The results of the different test analysis showed differences in color, aroma, texture, and taste in the three treatments with a p-value = 0.000. In conclusion, treatment 2 is most preferred formulation by panelists, with a ratio of 200 banana heart and 50 g catfish.
Nutrition Education, Physical Activity and Dietary Habits in Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Usman Wiwin I , Maesarah Maesarah
Published: October 2023

The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesian population aged 15 years increase based on a doctor’s diagnosis, where DKI Jakarta is the province with highest prevalence of T2DM. Gorontalo Province itself experienced an increase prevalence of T2DM compared to Riskesdas 2013, the rose from 6.9%to 8.5%. This study aims to observe the effect of nutrition education on knowledge, physical activity and eating habits of Diabetes mellitus patients participating in Posbindu at Monano Health Center. This study uses a quantitative method with an analytical survey with a quasi-experimental approach.The sample of the study were diabetes mellitus patients who were participate in Posbindu. Using the total sampling technique where the population was sampled as many as 74 people then categorized 2 groups, intervention group and control group. Based on the results of bivariate analysis, obtained p value > α (α = 0.05) in the category of physical activity with test results showing p value = 0.271 > 0.05. The same thing also happened to carbohydrate intake with p value = 0.088 > 0.05. For knowledge and eating habits with fiber and protein intake, p < 0,05 was obtained. In conclusion, knowledge, eating habits with fiber and protein intake affect the provision of nutrition education to diabetes mellitus patients participating in Posbindu in the work area of Monano Health Center.
Type 2 Myocardial Infarction on the Background of Coronary Vasospasm and Invasive Tactics of Its Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Gamayunov D. Yu. , Kalyagin A. N. , Balabina N. M. , Sinkov A. V. , Chujko E. S. , Kiseleva E. R. , Gajnutdinov K. B. , Sorzheev A. V. , Bykov E. O.
Published: October 2023

Currently, type 2 myocardial infarction is a rather significant problem, both in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery damage occurs in 5-10 % of patients with a myocardial infarction. Optimal strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with myocardial damage associated with non-thrombotic mechanisms have not yet been determined. The article describes a clinical observation of type 2 myocardial infarction on the background of vasospasm, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic tactics in this clinical situation. The main provisions: the patient was 22 years old in the cardiology department due to the pain syndrome behind the sternum for the first time in his life and an increase in body temperature to 37.5 C. From anamnesis: active bodybuilding, taking testosterone in injectable form. The electrocardiogram revealed changes in the type of transmural myocardial ischemia without the dynamics characteristic of myocardial infarction. Troponin I (quantitative test) — 2.1 ng/ml at laboratory reference values of 0.010-0.023 ng/ml. A diagnostic search was conducted for myocardial infarction and acute pericarditis. For the purpose of differential diagnosis, coronary angiography was performed, during which dynamic stenosis of the posterior descending artery was revealed. The decision to stent the vessel was not made. Echocardiography revealed areas of local contractility disorders. The data of the examination showed in favor of myocardial infarction without coronary artery obstruction (type 2). Taking into account the absence of occlusive-stenotic lesions of the coronary arteries, the presence of vasospasm, 1 platelet aggregation inhibitor, medium-dose statins, isosorbide dinitrate, calcium channel blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor was prescribed.

   Conclusion. Invasive tactics made it more likely to diagnose type 2 myocardial infarction and prescribe the most optimal drug therapy.
Asian facial recontouring surgery
Authors: Choi Jong-Woo , Kim Young-Chul
Published: October 2023

Most East Asian women prefer a smaller and smoother facial contour. To meet this aesthetic preference, the concept and surgical techniques of modern facial bone contouring surgery have evolved. Initially, facial bone contouring surgery was limited to procedures like mandibular angle and malar reductions. However, contemporary Asian facial bone contouring surgery now places a stronger emphasis on addressing the entire facial profile from a three-dimensional perspective, a concept referred to as Profiloplasty. In this article, we review the evolution of surgical techniques in Asian facial bone contouring surgery and present its current surgical concepts, particularly focusing on the three-dimensional aspects.