bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Body-size and aerial basking dynamics of the Spiny Softshell (Apalone spinifera) in a human-modified landscape in Tennessee, USA
Authors: O'Bryan Christopher , Hamed M. Kevin , Laughlin Thomas F. , Coffey J. Wallace
Published: January 2024

Spiny Softshells (Apalone spinifera) are found in aquatic environments throughout much of the central-eastern USA. Although this species is widespread throughout much of Tennessee, little is known about Spiny Softshells in the state’s northeastern counties. Further, little work has investigated the role of Spiny Softshell body size on resource use, and the morphometrics of the species in a human-modified ecosystem. Here we present results of a four-month capture and basking observation study conducted in 2004. We investigated whether larger body size was positively associated with presence at limited aerial basking resources that are potentially important for thermoregulation. We found that hoop trap captures positioned next to basking sites, a proxy for aerial basking resource use, were not associated with sex or body size measurements. Opportunistic basking observations revealed most individuals basked in the afternoon. Our study, while short in duration and of low sample size, builds understanding on the body size and intraspecific effects of resource use by Spiny Softshells in a human-modified ecosystem.
Notes on the Operation of Two Types of Aquatic Remotely Operated Vehicles Used During a Mock Turtle Survey.
Authors: Diefenbacher Eric
Published: January 2024

Aquatic remotely operated vehicles (ROV) show merit in providing in situ observations of sea turtles and freshwater turtles. However, turtles must be spotted above the water surface first then an ROV deployed for underwater observation. None have been used as a tool to survey for turtles solely under the water surface without direct observation first. Here we report on observations of two types of aquatic ROVs used during a mock turtle survey to determine the potential of freshwater turtles being found under the water surface without being directly observed first and if accurate species identification could be done.
СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ОЦЕНКИ В ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ
Authors: Гринченко Елизавета Александровна
Published: January 2024

Цель научно-исследовательской работы — провести социологический анализ социальной оценки как специфического феномена общественного сознания в контексте оптимизации технологии комплексной оценки в политическом управлении и определения основных направлений ее совершенствования.

Методология. Для характеристики комплекса мероприятий, который позволяет оценить общественно-политические события, происходящие на современном этапе общественного развития России, в исследовании использовались социологический, нормативный и деятельностный методологические подходы. Рассмотрена типология социальных оценок в политическом управлении, которая опирается на комплекс шести фундаментальных способов исследования: метод комплексной технологии анализа политических процессов, метод анализа поведения, метод комплексной технологии оценки политических решений, метод анализа социально-политических процессов, метод анализа социально-политических решений и метод анализа воздействий.

Результаты исследования. Проведен практический анализ применения методов социальной оценки политического управления на региональном уровне. Предложены современные методики социальной комплексной оценки в сфере политического управления, где представлены наиболее эффективные технологии комплексной социальной оценки общественно-политических событий России и обосновано существование взаимосвязи и взаимозависимости между социальными оценками и эффективностью политического управления.

Перспективы исследования. В исследовании предложены направления совершенствования механизма оценки политического управления, результатом апробации которых станет наиболее грамотная, объективная и четкая социальная оценка политических процессов и явлений, учитывающая значительные различия в условиях их работы.
Systematic Perturb-seq to discover endothelial cell programs related to CAD v1
Authors: R. Schnitzler Gavin
Published: January 2024

Linking variants from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to underlying mechanisms of disease remains a challenge1,4,6. For some diseases, a successful strategy has been to look for cases where multiple GWAS loci contain genes that act in the same biological pathway1–6. However, our knowledge of which genes act in which pathways is incomplete, particularly for cell-type specific pathways or understudied genes. Here we introduce a method to connect GWAS variants to functions, which links variants to genes using epigenomic data, links genes to pathways de novo using Perturb-seq, and integrates these data to identify convergence of GWAS loci onto pathways. We apply this approach to study the role of endothelial cells in genetic risk for coronary artery disease (CAD), and discover that 43 CAD GWAS signals converge on the cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) signaling pathway. Two regulators of this pathway, CCM2 and TLNRD1,are each linked to a CAD risk variant, regulate other CAD risk genes, and affect atheroprotective processes in endothelial cells. These results suggest a model where CAD risk is driven in part by the convergence of causal genes onto a particular transcriptional pathway in endothelial cells, highlight shared genes between common and rare vascular diseases (CAD and CCM), and identify TLNRD1 as a new, previously uncharacterized member of the CCM signaling pathway. This approach will be widely useful for linking variants to functions for other common polygenic diseases. Note: The list of authors for this protocol does not include all authors of the accompanying manuscript, only those who played a role in developing and executing the Perturb-seq method. For a complete list of manuscript authors, see the Manuscript Citation. Notes are provided to indicate which authors are best to contact for questions regarding specific methods.
BETWEEN FORGETFULNESS AND MEMORY: THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE IDENTITY OF THE XOCÓ PEOPLE, BRAZIL, THROUGH ORALITY
Authors: De Andrade Souza Daniela , Espinoza Fran
Published: January 2024

This paper analyzes the reconstruction of the indigenous identity of the Xocó people through orality. It starts from the following hypothesis: the oral memories of the struggle for territory contribute to the collective identity reconstruction. To test this hypothesis, a literature review on indigenous identity and the historical context of Xocó people in the struggle for territory is conducted in the initial phase, which is necessary for the second part of the study, that analyzes narratives from six Xocó interviewees in field research conducted within the community. By transcribing the memories, three categories of analysis are developed using content analysis methodology, which allows to conclude that the memories of the land struggle preserve the history of slavery and the suppression of indigenous traits, while territorial reclamation restores the Xocó people's identity. Finally, oral transmission between generations revitalizes Xocó culture, shaping their way of life.
VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA MULHER NO PERÍODO PRÉ E PANDÊMICO (COVID-19)
Authors: Mateus Chagas , Pinto Franciele , Chinato  Helena Maria , Varela Karina Giacomini , Marmitt Luana Patricia , Cetolin Sirlei Favero , Beltrame Vilma
Published: January 2024

Resumo: A presente revisão objetivou analisar a produção científica acerca da violência contra a mulher com destaque para a forma de agressão, idade, etnia e classe social no período pré e pandêmico (Covid-19). As buscas pelos artigos foram realizadas no PubMed e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), resultando em 62 artigos. Após a aplicação das estratégias de seleção, a amostra final foi composta por 16 artigos. Os principais resultados dos estudos foram agrupados de acordo com o tema principal, e os resultados indicaram que não há uma distribuição proporcional de publicações entre os últimos cinco anos, entre antes e durante a pandemia, a maioria dos estudos foram realizados antes da pandemia. Em relação à raça/cor a que prevaleceu foi a negra/parda, e a idade das vítimas que prevaleceu foi a faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos. Não houve equilíbrio entre os estudos quanto a abordagem, a maioria deles utilizou a abordagem quantitativa. Prevaleceu os estudos realizados por análise documental sendo poucos realizados com pesquisa de campo. A raça, nível de escolaridade, renda mensal, ocupação e estado civil são apontados como fatores que influenciaram no surgimento de violência contra mulher, destacando-se artigos  referentes a violência contra mulheres por parceiro íntimo (VPI) antes da pandemia do Covid-19, e poucos artigos sobre violência contra mulheres no período de pandemia Covid-19. Novos estudos podem ser desenvolvidos sobre os casos de violência doméstica durante a pandemia, e fazer uma relação dos casos antes, durante e depois da pandemia.

 

Palavras-chave: Violência contra a Mulher. COVID-19. Fatores Epidemiológicos.
PATROCÍNIO DE EMPRESAS ESTATAIS AO ESPORTE E CULTURA – PONDERAÇÃO ENTRE PROMOÇÃO CULTURAL E LUCRO DOS ARTISTAS FAMOSOS
Authors: Da Silva Garcia Douglas , Rossignoli Marisa
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho analisa o histórico do patrocínio de empresas estatais ao esporte e cultura no contexto do Brasil, considerando sua relação com o estado de bem-estar social. A relevância social desse patrocínio é destacada, visto que atua como fonte de incentivo e promoção cultural, além de contribuir para a geração de renda e empregos no setor artístico e cultural. O estudo busca analisar a promoção cultural e o lucro dos artistas, ponderando os interesses públicos e privados envolvidos nesse processo. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa objetiva analisar o impacto das empresas estatais na promoção do esporte e cultura no Brasil, contextualizando o conceito e origem do estado de bem-estar social e sua relação com a promoção cultural e esportiva. A importância da promoção cultural e do esporte para a sociedade é discutida, levando em conta seus impactos sociais, econômicos e culturais. Além disso, são analisadas as políticas públicas existentes para o financiamento de atividades culturais e esportivas, com foco no papel do Estado e das empresas estatais nesse cenário. A pesquisa se baseia em métodos de revisão de literatura e método hipotético-dedutivo para identificar o tema, apresentar o problema e uma hipótese, bem como representar suas implicações. O estudo visa contribuir para o debate sobre o tema, proporcionando reflexões sobre a promoção cultural, o lucro dos artistas e o papel do estado de bem-estar social na busca por um equilíbrio que beneficie a sociedade como um todo.
AS MULHERES E O CONTROLE PENAL: A LEGISLAÇÃO PENAL DA PRIMEIRA REPÚBLICA EM PERSPECTIVA DE GÊNERO
Authors: Damasceno de Andrade Camila
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho se utiliza de uma perspectiva de gênero para analisar a legislação penal produzida durante o período da Primeira República, sobretudo o Código Penal de 1890. O objetivo central, portanto, é verificar como as mulheres foram retratadas nesses diplomas normativos, que se referiram às mulheres tanto na condição de vítimas como na condição de autoras de delitos. Com base na teoria da criminologia feminista e na análise do discurso de vertente francesa, observa-se que, de maneira geral, a legislação criminal do começo da República buscou inspiração nas teses cientificistas de caráter sexista para reforçar papéis e estereótipos de gênero, contribuindo para a formação de um modelo de mulher idealizada. Por outro lado, as mulheres que se afastavam desse padrão foram rotuladas como desonestas e criminosas, estando sujeitas à repressão penal.
(Un)Seeing Goa’s Bom Jesus in Vishvesh Prabhakar Kandolkar’s This is Not the Basilica!
Authors: Ferrão R. Benedito
Published: January 2024

This article examines the interrogation of visual history associated with Goan church architectural legacies offered by Vishvesh Prabhakar Kandolkar’s installation series, This is Not the Basilica! (2021). The artist’s subject is the 16th-century Basilica of Bom Jesus, which was built in locally domesticated Baroque style during Goa’s Portuguese colonial era and which houses the remains of the Spanish saint, Francis Xavier. Kandolkar’s work makes viewers intimate with the Basilica’s history, I contend, so as to posit the need for conservation efforts that will save the deteriorating church while also revealing its unseen aesthetic past as a symbol of still-unfolding Goan identity.
Reader Worlds: Constructing Context for Historical Readers of Pulp Fiction with Google Earth
Authors: Gruner Marion
Published: January 2024

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, reading as a cultural practice was deeply woven into daily life and informed critical aspects of society. However, scholars often lament the lack of evidence available to reconstruct historical audiences of popular culture, and thus to understand how these texts shaped readers, and ultimately, the broader ideologies of the time. Reader Worlds is a research-creation project which examines how locative media can fill this gap. Converging the embodied storytelling capacities of locative media and the evocative letters published in the reader departments of the pulp Western Story Magazine during the 1920s, this paper and its corresponding virtual tour explore how immersive technologies offer layered meaning to the narratives of historical readers.
“Where Does This World End?” Space, Time and Image in Harun Farocki’s Parallel I-IV
Authors: Synenko Joshua
Published: January 2024

Harun Farocki’s last completed installation film, Parallel I-IV, opens with a collection of video game landscapes grouped together by elements of earth, fire, water, and air, engaging a non-vococentric film essay style to reflect upon material transformations that occur through digital images. Farocki develops a unique curatorial approach to express both the power and the limits of digital image construction and the creative process, and emphasizes sharp historical perspectives. By challenging the dyad of realism and simulation and their associated narrative conventions, whether through film, video games, or art exhibits, Farocki’s brand of essay film provides critical insights into the affective and sociotechnical dimensions of the imaged world.
Things, Assemblages, Worlds: Locating Vibrancy Beyond a Subject-Object Relationship (A Tale of Disposition)
Authors: Couillard Paul
Published: January 2024

"Things, Assemblages, Worlds" argues that the vibrancy of things is attributable not to an inherent quality within matter, but to the relationality of the perceptual field or world that things and bodies share. Reading Martin Heidegger's analytic of Dasein against Brian Massumi's description of things in their connectability allows for a revised description of how art sensitizes us to things through defamiliarization. Adina Bar-On's performance Disposition provides a useful example for uncovering art's ability to reveal things' character, their who-ness.
À la poursuite du fait littéraire : Perspective plastique et technique du texte
Authors: Mellet Margot
Published: January 2024

La réflexion suivante propose de changer de perspective sur les questions littéraires en réexaminant la question de l'ontologie de la littérature basée sur la matérialité du texte (ses arrangements techniques, médiatiques et éditoriaux). L'identification du phénomène de la littérature, une question persistante dans le domaine littéraire à travers les âges (jusqu'à la littérature numérique), soulève des interrogations sur la réalité de plusieurs catégories (lisible, visible, audible) et des systèmes d'antinomie (fond/forme, matière/sens), ouvrant ainsi la voie à une discussion beaucoup plus large sur la matière dans le monde. En étudiant diverses approches intellectuelles qui examinent les porosités entre le média et l'inscription (les théories des études médiatiques et le nouveau matérialisme) ainsi que plusieurs créations qui mettent en valeur la dimension médiatique du texte (tel que la Physiologie du mariage de Balzac, Un Coup de dés jamais n'abolira le hasard de Mallarmé et Nox de Carson), l'article cherche à décomposer l'essence du phénomène de la littérature en une diversité d'acteurs et une multitude de pratiques plastiques.
Linguocultural Specificity of Categorization and Stereotyping of Color in Languages with Different Structures
Authors: Maremukova E.V.
Published: January 2024

The work is aimed at revealing the ethnocultural features of the linguistic explication of color in the unrelated Kabardian-Circassian, Russian and English languages. The empirical material of languages with different structures was analyzed using a complex of general scientific and linguistic methods, including methods of comparative and conceptual analysis, the choice of which is predetermined by the need to study the process of objectification of ethnospecific information in the languages being compared, as well as determining the role of language in it. The material of languages with different structures (including oral colloquial speech, idiomatic expressions, written sources and lexicographic publications) was analyzed comparatively. The results obtained confirmed the priority of «vision» over «color» in various linguistic cultures, and revealed the key ethno-stereotypical and categorical characteristics of color names in the Kabardian-Circassian, Russian and English languages. The conclusions drawn in the study, as well as the results obtained, will assist in solving a number of key issues in the field of linguistics and intercultural communication, as well as in educational and research activities in the areas of «Linguoculturology», «Linguistics and intercultural communication», «Second language acquisition», «Bilingualism».
The Features of the Expression of the Category of Focus in the Cleft Sentence of the English Language
Authors: Balygina E.A. , Ermolova Т.V. , Krukovskaya O.A.
Published: January 2024

The paper addresses the interaction of the focus category and the semantic and syntactic aspects of the cleft sentence of the English language. The features of the focus in a cleft sentence are discussed, taking into account the relationship between the information structure and the category of definiteness-indefiniteness. The authors present a review of studies that investigate the information structure of it-clefts in terms of generative grammar. Two groups of studies are distinguished: the one of the groups integrates the focus into the deep structure of it-clefts; the other group of studies attributes the focus to the surface structure of it-clefts. It is concluded that the study of the role of the focus of clefts in isolation from the discourse leads to the interpretation of the focus exclusively in terms of semantic and structural relations. Consequently, the transformational rules formulated in the studies reviewed may not be universal and differently describe the process of transition to the surface structure of a cleft sentence in different languages.
Spiritual Enlightenment and Piety in Late 17th Century Preaching
Authors: Soboleva L.S. , Kalinina A.D.
Published: January 2024

The crucial 17th century raises the question of the importance of systemic education — churches as a concentration of knowledge become centers of education. The sermon becomes a channel for broadcasting reflections. «Propoved’ v nedeluy 23 po soshestvii Svyatago Duha» [Sermon on Week 23 after the Descent of the Holy Spirit] from the anonymous handwritten collection of sermons «Statir» of the late 17th century is published according to all the rules for the transmission of the Church Slavonic text and identifying the sources of the intertext. By spiritual enlightenment the preacher understands attention to the sermons delivered, the study of patristic writings. Along the way, related topics are comprehended — book publishing, respect for people of intellectual labor (writers, preachers). The author deduces the idea of the need for spiritual enlightenment by comparing the Gadarians from the parable of the possessed Gadarin (Luke 8) and modern people who also reject the Word of God, which is embodied in sermons and interpretations, but they do it consciously, unlike the people from the parable. Comparing the flock with the early Christians, the author notes the decline in the ability to think, and in the second part of the sermon he shows the social and spiritual state of people who chose sin instead of diligence in faith. The sin of drunkenness, chosen for illustration, is considered by the author to be one of the most dangerous, because it is he who feels the source of other sins, and is also the most visible in public life. The main conclusion of the author's reflections is that spiritual enlightenment and the ability to reflect are necessary for priests and laity because unrighteous behavior in earthly life and the impossibility of future salvation are due to sins, the harm of which can only be understood if one follows authoritative sources of knowledge. In addition to the author's reflections, the literary talent of the author becomes the subject of research. The complex semantic structure of the sermon, the art of eloquence, the rhetorical strategy of exposing drunkenness associated with the creative processing of patristic and biblical quotations are noted.
Abridged Version of the «Narration of Boris and Gleb» by Nestor and the 6th Version of St. Vladimir’s Ordinary Vita in the Panegyrikon of the 15th Century
Authors: Milutenko N.I.
Published: January 2024

Article deals with the texts devoted to the first Russian saints princes-martyrs Boris and Gleb and Vladimir the Baptizer, their father. Abridged version of the «Narration of Boris and Gleb» by Nestor and the 6th version of St. Vladimir’s Ordinary Vita, known only in the Panegyrikons of the 16th century before, were found in the Panegyrikon Tikhonravovsky 185 written in the West Russian lands in the 1470s. Both texts were edited for the protograph of Tikhonravovsky 185 and then used in the Panegyrikons of the Central Russian and West Russian origin, testifying the confluence of traditions.
The Consumer Protection System Formation: Historical and Legal Perspective
Authors: Klimov V. V.
Published: January 2024

The paper examines historical and legal aspects of the formation of the consumer protection system. On the basis of a number of provisions of the Laws of Hammurabi and the Laws of Manu, the Digests of Justinian, the author defines the features of protection of the rights of buyers from unfair actions of the seller. Taking into account the analysis of regulatory sources, the author draws a conclusion regarding a set of unsystematic norms and mechanisms and the absence of a consumer protection system. The situation began to change gradually only at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries when special legislation and state and public institutions ensuring consumer rights were developed. Referring to the provisions of the Law of the Russian Federation dated 7 February 1992 No. 2300-1 «On Consumer Rights Protection», the author notes the absence in its structure of special norms aimed at protecting the rights of consumers of financial services, which does not seem quite adequate to the economic relations that are developing in the financial market. According to the results of the study, the author concludes that at the moment there is a new stage in the development of the consumer protection system, involving both the formation of narrow-profile regulation for consumers, depending on which sphere they act as such, and the creation of specialized institutions to protect their rights.
Legal Regulation of Environmental Protection: Interrelations between Financial and Environmental Law
Authors: Slatin R. V.
Published: January 2024

The paper compares financial and environmental law principles of regulating activities related to environmental protection. The author analyzes the concept of environmental protection and focuses on the complex nature of the legal regulation of public relations that develop in the process of environmental protection. The author points out that historically, the rules regulating environmental relations appeared in order to protect property, in particular financial interests. It is emphasized that natural resources are the main source of income for our state and environmental protection measures are implemented for the common good. Activities related to environmental protection can be effective only in conditions of proper financing. Based on the conducted research, it was concluded that the specifics of the subject and method of legal regulation led to the attribution of financial and environmental law to the number of public branches of Russian law, which means that financial and environmental law regulation is primarily aimed at implementation of public interest. These industries are similar in terms of the method of legal regulation: environmental law, as well as financial law, mainly regulates public relations through the imperative method — the method of power and subordination. Despite the fact that the compared branches of Russian law regulate separate, different areas of public relations, their subjects may overlap. This is due to the fact that financial activities and activities in the field of environmental protection are not opposed, are not mutually exclusive. This is largely facilitated by the fact that financial law is a universal branch of Russian law, and financing is the most effective tool for influencing public relations.
Transformation of Labor being an Object of Social Relations and the Spread of Atypical Forms of Employment
Authors: Chernykh N. V.
Published: January 2024

At present, a large-scale digital transformation of social relations is taking place, which affects relations in the labor market. Modern labor relations are faced with a radical transformation of the types of work activities. Labor is increasingly moving into the service sector. Thus, according to the International Labor Organization, 49% of the total number of employees is in the service sector, 29 % in agriculture, 22 % in industry. The sector is characterized by the independence of the person performing the work (as opposed to collective work in social cooperation characteristic of production), as well as a focus on results, which brings labor relations closer to civil law and encourages scientists to reconsider the criteria for classifying certain relations within the scope of labor law norms. The introduction of digital technologies into social production, as well as changes in labor due to the transition of a significant part of the economy from the production sector to the service sector, has given rise to a sharp increase in the so-called precarious and atypical forms of employment. This trend can be seen both globally and in Russia. Thus, the traditional model of labor relations, the main features of which were shaped in accordance with the industrial type of economy, is becoming applicable to an ever-smaller number of workers. In this regard, it is necessary to revise the doctrinal approach to the definition of the labor relationship and its characteristics, the purpose of which should be to develop relevant criteria for classifying relations within the scope of labor law norms, taking into account the expansion of atypical forms of employment.
Criminal Procedural Status of the Investigation Team
Authors: Kulev A. G.
Published: January 2024

The paper is devoted to the criminal procedural nature of the investigation team. Based on the characteristics inherent in the investigation team, it is differentiated from other forms of collective implementation of the preliminary investigation: crime scene investigation team (duty, target, specialized, joint) and forensic teams. Particular attention is given to the grounds for creation, the parties involved in the investigation team, and the requirements for familiarizing participants in criminal proceedings with this team. The idea is substantiated that the criminal procedural law should establish norms regulating the status of the head of the investigation team, issues of their interaction with the head of the investigative body, with investigators — members of the investigation team. It is noted that the current legal provisions limit the procedural independence of the investigator as a member of the group in question compared to the individual form of preliminary investigation. The study of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, as well as appellate and cassation courts of general jurisdiction, made it possible to formulate some proposals for improving the legislative regulation of the functioning of the investigative team.
VOX Diccionario general ilustrado de la lengua española
Authors: Bernabé Cabezuelo Miguel Luis
Published: January 2024

La primera edición, en 1945, de VOX Diccionario general ilustrado de la lengua española supuso, sin duda, una ruptura con los diccionarios anteriores y se anticipó a los que llegarían más tarde. En este artículo se analiza su contenido, formato y estructura, mostrando cuáles son sus características más relevantes y novedosas, pero también sus “áreas de mejora”, parte de las cuales se subsana en la segunda edición, de 1953, cuyo análisis somero se aporta como anexo. Asimismo, se dedican unas páginas a comentar el prólogo teorizante de Don Ramón Menéndez Pidal (“El diccionario que deseamos”) y cotejarlo con el de Don Samuel Gili Gaya, revisor de la obra.
El primer diccionario bilingüe anglo-hispano con transcripción fonética a sus voces: el Velázquez
Authors: Nevado Gómez Rafael
Published: January 2024

Mariano Velázquez de la Cadena publicó en 1852 junto a la editorial neoyorquina Appleton un diccionario bilingüe anglo-hispano con una ambiciosa novedad: incorporar a cada entrada su transcripción fonética. Para ello desarrolló dos alfabetos fonéticos, uno con el que representar los sonidos del español y otro que simbolizara los sonidos del habla inglesa. En este trabajo se analiza en profundidad el alfabeto fonético creado para inglés, pues representó un claro predecesor del actual alfabeto fonético internacional, con el cual compararemos.
BERNAL, Elisenda; FREIXA, Judit; TORNER, Sergi (eds.) (2022): La neología del español. Del uso al diccionario, Madrid-Frankfurt, Iberoamericana-Vervuert, 414 pgs.
Authors: Jover Salvatierra Andrea
Published: January 2024

Reseña de Bernal, Elisenda; Freixa, Judit; Torner, Sergi (eds.) (2022): La neología del español. Del uso al diccionario, Madrid-Frankfurt, Iberoamericana-Vervuert, 414 pgs.
Detección de Melanoma en Imágenes de Lesiones Cutáneas usando Visión por Computadora y Aprendizaje Profundo
Authors: Altuve Mouthon Abraham , Colón Muñoz Elías , De la Rosa Sampayo Asael , Murillo Fernández Luis , Blanquicett Benavides Luis , Arrieta Eugenia , Núñez Valdés Edward
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La problemática a tratar en este trabajo es la detección de melanoma, el cual es uno de los distintos cánceres de piel que existen, el cual presenta una alta tasa de mortalidad.

Objetivo: En este documento se presenta un proyecto de investigación en el área de Inteligencia Artificial cuyo objetivo es la detección de melanoma por medio del análisis de imágenes utilizando Deep learning.

Método: Inicialmente se aplican operaciones morfológicas sobre la imagen para dejar solo el objeto de interés. Luego esta imagen se ingresa a una red neuronal convolucional, la cual ha sido entrenada para la detección de melanomas.

Resultados: La arquitectura de red convolucional propuesta presenta unos resultados aceptables en la métrica de accuracy para la identificación de melanoma maligno o benigno. Sin embargo, se propone realizar futuros experimentos que puedan mejorar estos resultados.

Conclusiones: Gracias a las técnicas de Deep Learning con esta clase de herramientas se está ofreciendo un sistema muy poderoso y útil a la hora de determinar el diagnóstico de este tipo de enfermedades.
New technologies in medicine and healthcare: benefits and drawbacks
Authors: Escorcia-Gutierrez Jose
Published: January 2024

Advancements in technology have revolutionized the healthcare industry, enabling us to detect, diagnose,and treat medical conditions with greater accuracy and speed than ever before. From electronic health recordsto telemedicine, these technologies are improving patient outcomes, enhancing communication between healthcareprofessionals, and reducing healthcare costs.One of the most exciting technologies in medicine is Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI algorithms can analyzevast amounts of medical data and provide insights into diseases that would be impossible for humansto identify [1]. For example, AI has been used to identify early signs of cardiovascular diseases and to detectbreast cancer in mammograms with greater accuracy than human radiologists [2]. However, some expertshave expressed concern that AI could replace human doctors, leading to a lack of empathy and a loss of thepersonal touch in healthcare.Telemedicine is another technology that is gaining popularity, particularly in rural areas where access tohealthcare can be limited. Telemedicine allows doctors to consult with patients remotely, using video conferencingand other technologies to diagnose and treat medical conditions [3]. This can save patients time andmoney, as well as reduce the burden on healthcare providers. However, telemedicine is not suitable for allmedical conditions, and there are concerns about privacy and security when it comes to transmitting sensitivemedical information over the internet.Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are another technology that is transforming healthcare. EHRs enablehealthcare providers to access a patient’s medical history, medications, and test results quickly and easily.This can improve patient outcomes by reducing errors and providing doctors with a complete picture of apatient’s health. However, there are concerns about data privacy and security when it comes to storing sensitivemedical information electronically. Some solutions have arrived, as blockchain technologies [4].In conclusion, technology has the potential to transform healthcare and improve patient outcomes. Thesetechnologies offer exciting possibilities for the future of medicine. However, it is important to consider theethical, privacy, and security implications of these technologies and to ensure that they are used in a waythat benefits patients without compromising their rights or safety.
Assessing the Migration of BPA and Phthalic Acid from Take-out Food Containers: Implications for Health and Environmental Sustainability in India
Authors: Datta Sugata , Chauhan Abhishek , Ranjan Anuj , Sardar Abul Hasan , Tuli Hardeep Singh , Ramniwas Seema , Shahwan Moyad , Jindal Tanu
Published: January 2024

The research investigates the escalating consumption of take-out food in India and the associated health risks stemming from the extensive use of plastic packaging. Through a comprehensive nationwide online survey, the study delved into dietary preferences, frequency of take-out food consumption, delivery service timing, and the types of packaging commonly encountered by Indian consumers. To address these concerns, the research team developed an analytical method to detect Bisphenol A (BPA) and Phthalic acid migration from food-contact materials (FCMs) into various food simulants. The investigation revealed that prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures led to increased migration of BPA and Phthalic acid, particularly in polyethylene pouches using 3% acetic acid as a food simulant, with the highest concentrations observed after 45 minutes of exposure. Additionally, a microbial bioassay demonstrated the mutagenic potential of migrated plasticizers, showcasing significant effects in mammalian systems, particularly under metabolic activation. The study underscores the substantial health risks associated with plastic packaging in take-out food, emphasizing potential implications for consumer health and calling for more extensive research and considerations regarding food packaging materials.
Effect of probiotics on the histomorphometry characteristics of Mus musculus Jejunum infected by Salmonella gallinarum
Authors: Adrenalin Sruti Listra , Paramanandi Dini Agusti , Habiebillah Hasna Izzatushsholihah , Hamzah Nindy Afrillia Yulardianto , Hamzah Nindy Afrillia Yulardianto
Published: January 2024

Salmonellosis is a disease caused by Salmonella gallinarum, which can cause digestive tract infections. Probiotics are good microorganisms for the host because they can increase the normal bacteria flora in the digestive tract. They can maintain the intestinal mucosal barrier and prevent bacterial adhesion. This study aimed to determine the histomorphometric characteristics of the jejunum from the intestines of mice (Mus musculus) after being infected with S. gallinarum. A total of 20 mice, 4-6 weeks, were divided into four research groups: P1 (probiotics and S. gallinarum infection), P2 (probiotic administration), P3 (S. gallinarum infection), and P4 (control). The probiotics used contain microorganisms such as Lactobacillus casei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris, dissolved in distilled water in a ratio of 1:1000. Probiotics were given orally at 0.5 ml for 7 days. S. gallinarum infection was given orally, with a volume of 0.5 ml (1.5 x 108 CFU/ml). The results showed that the mean score of intestinal lesions differed between groups. The width of the villi, the thickness of the mucosa, and the depth of the intestinal crypts were significantly different. The best result of histology findings was in the group of mice that were induced with probiotics (P2).
THE EFFECT OF CHLOROGENIC ACID IN ROBUSTA LAMPUNG GREEN COFFEE EXTRACT (Coffee canephora var Robusta) AS AN ANTIOXIDANT IN LAYER CHICKEN INFECTED WITH Salmonella enteritidis BACTERIA
Authors: Radiati Lilik Eka , Rosyidi Djalal , Qosimah Dahliatul , Amri Indah Amalia , Prasetyo Dodik
Published: January 2024

The poultry industry is crucial in meeting the population's nutritional needs worldwide. However, various bacterial infections have been reported in poultry chickens, decreasing their production rate. Farmers have been using synthetic antibiotic agents to manage these infections, which are costly and have several side effects. One of the most commonly reported bacterial pathogens is Salmonella enteritidis, which causes high mortality and low poultry production. Mortality and illness rates are associated with gastrointestinal diseases caused by suboptimal absorption. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of Chlorogenic acid (CGA) from robusta lampung green coffee extract on S. enteritidis infected chickens. ISA brown day-old layer chickens were used in this study. A total of sixty chickens were divided into five groups, with each group having 12 replications. The formulated groups were C+ (chicken infected by S. enteritidis 108 CFU/ml), C- (healthy chicken), T1 (chicken infected by S. enteritidis 108 CFU/ml and 500 mg/kg BW (bodyweight) coffee extract), T2 (chicken infected by S. enteritidis 108 CFU/ml and 1000 mg/kg BW coffee extract), T3 (chicken infected by S. enteritidis 108 CFU/ml and 1500 mg/kg BW coffee extract). The Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD levels were measured using BD cell quest ProT programmed through the flow cytometry method. Data of total cells were calculated for their average value and obtained data were statistically analyzed by One Way ANOVA (p<0,5). The results of the study showed that giving coffee extract at a dosage of 500 mg/kg BW to S. enteritidis infected chickens increased the Nrf2 and SOD levels but decreased HO levels. This research showed that Lampung robusta coffee extract could potentially be an anti-inflammatory compound and antioxidant for poultry industries.
Effect of Psidium guajava Juice on The Seminiferous Tubules Diameter and Epithelium Thickness in Rattus norvegicus Exposed by Lead Acetate
Authors: Annisa Suwaibatul , Wurlina  , Srianto Pudji , Kuncorojakti Suryo
Published: January 2024

Lead is one of humans and animals' most common and hazardous heavy metals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of white guava (Psidium guajava) fruit juice on the seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelium thickness in rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to lead acetate. The research design was a completely randomized design (CRD). A total of 25 male rats with an average weight of 200 grams were used for the study, divided into 5 treatment groups, each consisting of 5 rats. The treatments were as follows: the control group (C) was given distilled water orally; the T0 group was induced with lead acetate (50 mg/Kg BW) orally; the T1, T2, T3 groups were induced with lead acetate (50 mg/Kg BW) and then given 25%, 50%, and 100% concentration of white guava fruit juice, respectively. All the treatments were conducted for 14 days. The histopathology slides of the testis were made with HE staining, and the seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelium thickness were measured. The data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Duncan test (p<0.05). The results showed that the control group (C) which was given distilled water only had a seminiferous tubule diameter and epithelium thickness of 336.24±23.32 µm and 66.46±4.39 µm, respectively. The T0 group which was induced with lead acetate only showed a reduction in the diameter and epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubules (243.38±49.35 µm and 44.08±14.45 µm). The members of the T1, T2 and T3 groups showed positive effects on the diameter (323.49±22.82 µm; 314.41±13.04 µm; 325.04±16.88 µm, respectively) and epithelium thickness (56.36±3.36 µm; 60.50±3.81 µm; 66.744±9.50 µm, respectively). There was no significant difference reported between each group. The administration of guava juice to rats induced with lead acetate can positively affect the diameter and epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubules.
Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) in sheep: an update on epidemiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis
Authors: N Shivasharanappa , B N Dheeraj Reddy , K N Apoorva , L Rashmi , Suresh K P , Gulati Baldev R , S Patil Sharanagouda
Published: January 2024

Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) is a spontaneous lung tumor in sheep caused by Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) belonging to the Retroviridae. The primary aim of this review work is to give brief insights into the epidemiological aspects of OPA based on a meta-analysis of available research work. This review article also discussed pathogenesis, diagnostic tests and control strategies available for OPA in Sheep. This will help in developing future strategies for disease-free status in India. This disease is endemic in Europe, Africa, Asia, and American continents, causing significant economic losses due to chronic respiratory illness and persistent infections in flocks. The virus is unique among retroviruses with selective affinity to lungs and is the only virus known to cause spontaneous lung tumors in sheep. The incubation time ranges for sheep with naturally occurring OPA ranged from one to four years. There are two pathological forms of the disease: classical and atypical. At an early stage, OPA is difficult to detect in sheep due to a lack of preclinical diagnostic methods, as JSRV is poorly immunogenic and doesn't induce an immune response. PCR, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry are recommended methods for OIE diagnosis. To become a JSRV-free country, mandatory surveillance, detection, and removal of positive animals are required, as OPA is difficult to control due to a lack of vaccines and preclinical diagnostic tests. Due to its similar histological and molecular pathogenesis to that of human lung cancer, OPA is considered an ideal large animal model of human lung adenocarcinoma.
Political Risk in Latin America
Authors: Soto Bello David
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Political risk (PR) is a fascinating concept in the political science literature, yet researchers could do more to evaluate PR in Latin America. In this paper, we contribute to filling the gap by presenting the risks investors must consider when building portfolios in developing economies, such as changes in economic policy or impeachment processes. As for the methodology, widely accepted statistical methods are used to test our hypotheses as well as reliable data. Regarding our findings, we discovered that political color determines economic policy (to a certain degree) and that macroeconomic consequences vary based on policy. In addition, we indicate the adverse effects that specific economic policies and impeachment processes have on Latin American stock markets. In conclusion, this research proposed to advance the political science literature and finance interception, and it does it by motivating the discussions.

Keywords: Political Risk, Economic Performance, Economic Policy.
Venezuela such as an example of a stable dictatorship in Latin America
Authors: Diaz Castro Alejandro
Published: January 2024

Abstract

 

The following article aims to analyse the current situation in Venezuela, identifying some helpful information written by academics on this topic. Thus, this essay will focus on the five stages a government faces when it loses legitimacy, as described by Samuel Huntington in his book Democracy's third wave. Furthermore, after analysing them, it will draw some arguments explaining why Venezuela has not made a U-turn into democracy yet, to end with a conclusion.

 

Key Words: illiberal Democracy, electoral democracy, Venezuela.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy by Smoking Status Among Ohio Adults
Authors: Bhandari Prashant , Teferra Andreas A. , Nau Michael , Tosun Leyla , Sahr Timothy R. , Freedner Naomi , Ferketich Amy K.
Published: January 2024

Background: Research in other countries and limited findings in the United States suggest that adults who smoke are less likely to get COVID-19 vaccines. The objective of this study was to examine vaccine hesitancy by smoking status in Ohio.Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of multiple 8-week waves of the Ohio COVID-19 Survey (OCS) from March 2021 to July 2022. The OCS participants comprised a subsample from the 2019 Ohio Medicaid Assessment Survey, a statewide health survey. After the COVID-19 vaccine was available, participants were asked about vaccination status and, among those not vaccinated, vaccine intentions. To compare vaccine hesitancy by smoking status, multivariable survey-weighted logistic regression models were fit, adjusted for potential confounders. Reason for vaccine hesitancy was asked using an open-ended question; data were coded and analyzed descriptively.Results: Adults who smoked, compared to those who never smoked, had significantly higher odds of being vaccine hesitant between March and April 2021, June and August 2021, October and November 2021, and May and July 2022, with odds ratios ranging from 1.60 to 2.44. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy were not different by smoking status.Conclusion: Although the difference in hesitancy by smoking status was attenuated after December 2021, coincid-ing with an increase in cases, evidence from summer 2022 indicates that adults who smoked continued to display vaccine hesitancy. These results have implications for COVID-19-related outcomes and more research is needed to understand reasons for vaccine hesitancy, which could also serve to educate adults who smoke about vaccination for other diseases.
Review on handwriting examination on unusual surface
Authors: Pandey Nitin , Singh Brijesh , Singh Shikha
Published: January 2024

Individuals have a unique handwriting style, which can aid investigators in identifying suspects and perpetrators at a crime scene. A handwriting analysis can also provide information about the crime's circumstances, including its social and physical surroundings. Handwriting investigations use a variety of analytical factors, including pen pressure, line quality, alignment, and the spacing between words and letters, to determine the mode, conditions, and surroundings of the crime. However, the use of atypical surfaces at crime scenes for handwriting evidence may pose a problem to detectives as they may affect the normal handwriting of the victim, requiring more complex analytical instruments and lengthy investigations. This paper analyzes the success rate of forensic investigations and conclusions linked to handwriting analysis, including the impact of various writing implements on non-traditional and unique surfaces.