Registered Replication Report: A Large Multilab Cross-Cultural Conceptual Replication of Turri et al. (2015)
Authors: Hall Braeden , Schmidt Kathleen , Wagge Jordan , Lewis Savannah C. , Weissgerber Sophia C. , Kiunke Felix , Pfuhl Gerit , Stieger Stefan , Tran Ulrich S. , Barzykowski Krystian , Bogatyreva Natalia , Kowal Marta , Massar KarlIJn , Pernerstofer Felizitas , Sorokowski Piotr , Voracek Martin , Chartier Christopher R. , Brandt Mark J. , Grahe Jon E. , Özdoğru Asil A. , Andreychik Michael R. , Chen Sau-Chin , Evans Thomas R. , Hautekiet Caro , IJzerman Hans , Kačmár Pavol , Krafnick Anthony J. , Musser Erica D. , Vergauwe Evie , Werner Kaitlyn M. , Aczel Balazs , Arriaga Patrícia , Batres Carlota , Beaudry Jennifer L. , Cova Florian , Ďurbisová Simona , Cramblet Alvarez Leslie D. , Feldman Gilad , Godbersen Hendrik , Gottfried Jaroslav , Haeffel Gerald J. , Hartanto Andree , Isloi Chris , McFall Joseph P. , Milyavskaya Marina , Moreau David , Nosáľová Ester , Papaioannou Kostas , Ruiz-Fernandez Susana , Schrötter Jana , Storage Daniel , Vezirian Kevin , Volz Leonhard , Weisberg Yanna J. , Xiao Qinyu , Awlia Dana , Branit Hannah W. , Dunn Megan R. , Groyecka-Bernard Agata , Haneda Ricky , Kielinska Julita , Kolle Caroline , Lubomski Paweł , Miller Alexys M. , Mækelæ Martin J. , Pantazi Mytro , Ribeiro Rafael R. , Ross Robert M. , Sorokowska Agnieszka , Aberson Christopher L. , Vassiliou Xanthippi Alexi , Baker Bradley J. , Bognar Miklos , Cong Chin Wen , Danvers Alex F. , Davis William E. , Dranseika Vilius , Dumbravă Andrei , Farmer Harry , Field Andy P. , Forscher Patrick S. , Graton Aurélien , Hajdu Nandor , Howlett Peter A. , Kabut Radosław , Larsen Emmett M. , Lee Sean T. H. , Legate Nicole , Levitan Carmel A. , Levy Neil , Lu Jackson G. , Misiak Michał , Morariu Roxana E. , Novak Jennifer , Pronizius Ekaterina , Prusova Irina , Rathnayake Athulya S. , Romanova Marina O. , Röer Jan P. , Sampaio Waldir M. , Schild Christoph , Schulte-Mecklenbeck Michael , Stephen Ian D. , Szecsi Peter , Takacs Elizabeth , Teeter Julia N. , Thiele-Evans Elian H. , Valeiro-Paterlini Julia , Vilares Iris , Villafana Louise , Wang Ke , Wu Raymond , Álvarez-Solas Sara , Moshontz Hannah , Buchanan Erin M. 
Published: October 2024

According to the justified true belief (JTB) account of knowledge, people can truly know something only if they have a belief that is both justified and true (i.e., knowledge is JTB). This account was challenged by Gettier, who argued that JTB does not explain knowledge attributions in certain situations, later called “Gettier-type cases,” wherein protagonists are justified in believing something to be true, but their belief was correct only because of luck. Laypeople may not attribute knowledge to protagonists with justified but only luckily true beliefs. Although some research has found evidence for these so-called Gettier intuitions, Turri et al. found no evidence that participants attributed knowledge in a counterfeit-object Gettier-type case differently than in a matched case of JTB. In a large-scale, cross-cultural conceptual replication of Turri and colleagues’ Experiment 1 ( N = 4,724) using a within-participants design and three vignettes across 19 geopolitical regions, we did find evidence for Gettier intuitions; participants were 1.86 times more likely to attribute knowledge to protagonists in standard cases of JTB than to protagonists in Gettier-type cases. These results suggest that Gettier intuitions may be detectable across different scenarios and cultural contexts. However, the size of the Gettier intuition effect did vary by vignette, and the Turri et al. vignette produced the smallest effect, which was similar in size to that observed in the original study. Differences across vignettes suggest that epistemic intuitions may also depend on contextual factors unrelated to the criteria of knowledge, such as the characteristics of the protagonist being evaluated.