bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of aortic dissecting aneurysm involving visceral arteries with multi-layer bare stents
Authors: Dai Mingsheng , Liu Tong , Luo Yudong , Zhou Feng , Fan Hailun , Zhu Jiechang , Zhang Yiwei , Hu Fanguo , Dai Xiangchen
Published: March 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Aortic dissecting aneurysms involving visceral arteries are difficult for clinical treatment. This study aimed to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of multi-layer bare stents technique in the treatment of aortic dissecting aneurysms involving visceral arteries. METHOD: The clinical data of 16 patients of aortic dissecting aneurysm involving visceral artery treated with multi-layer bare stents technique from March 2013 to March 2017 in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. To explore the clinical efficacy, the number of stents applied, postoperative aortic dissecting thrombosis and postoperative cumulative branch arterial patency of the16 patients. RESULTS: The operations of the 16 patients were successfully completed without peri-operative death cases. The 16 patients were implanted with 39 bare stents with an average of 2.44 per person. There were 2 cases with 1 stent, 8 cases with 2 stents and 7 cases with 3 stents. One month after the operation, CTA showed complete thrombosis in the arterial dissection in 4 cases (25.0%), partial thrombosis in 12 cases (75.0%); CTA showed that celiac artery, left and right renal arteries, and superior mesenteric artery were all unobstructed. There were 4 cases (25.0%) of dissecting artery with reduced diameter, 12 patients (75.0%) without changes in the diameter, and no diameter expanding cases. CONCLUSION: The treatment for aortic dissecting aneurysm involving the visceral arteries using multi-layer bare stents technique is safe and reliable with a higher patency rate of postoperative accumulated branch arteries.
EARLY DETECTION OF POOR ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC RHEUMATIC DISEASES: PEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY ADHERENCE QUESTIONNAIRE - A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Silva Vanessa Bugni Miotto e , Okamoto Karine Yoshiye Kajiyama , Ozaki Luciana da Silva , Len Claudio Arnaldo , Terreri Maria Teresa de Sande e Lemos Ramos Ascensão
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a questionnaire that allows the early detection of patients at risk for poor adherence to medical and non-medical treatment in children and adolescents with chronic rheumatic diseases. Methods: The Pediatric Rheumatology Adherence Questionnaire (PRAQ) was applied in recently diagnosed patients within a period of one to four months after confirmation of the rheumatic disease. After six months, the patients’ adherence to the medical and non-medical treatment was assessed. An internal consistency analysis was conducted to eliminate redundant questions in the PRAQ. Results: A total of 33 patients were included in the pilot study. Six months after the PRAQ had been applied, poor global adherence was observed in seven (21.2%) patients and poor adherence to medical treatment in eight (24.2%) patients. No correlation was observed between the PRAQ scores and the percentages of adherence, as well as the stratification for each index, except for a tendency to a correlation between socioeconomic index and poor adherence to medical treatment (p=0.08). A new PRAQ questionnaire with 25 of the 46 original questions was generated as a result of the reliability analysis. Conclusions: The usefulness of this questionnaire in clinical practice should be still evaluated. Due to the importance of a tool for the early detection of rheumatic patients at risk of poor adherence to treatment, the new PRAQ questionnaire should be reviewed and applied in a larger study to better define its validity and reliability.
Movimento Negro e a pauta quilombola no Constituinte: ação, estratégia e repertório
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno de Oliveira , Rezende Tayra Fonseca , Nunes Tiago de Garcia
Published: March 2019

Resumo Trata-se um estudo que visa a identificar a contribuição do movimento negro no processo de construção do direito quilombola no Brasil, com ênfase no período (pré-constituinte). Para tanto é analisada a formação do Estado brasileiro e a inserção do negro no seu contexto social e político, após, estrutura-se as características do movimento negro, identificando seu repertório, estratégias e ações no pré-constituinte. Percebeu-se que o intenso papel do Movimento Negro Unificado (MNU) foi responsável pela inserção de direitos étnicos-quilombola no texto constitucional consolidado em 1988.
IS THE PHYSICIAN EXPERTISE IN DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION OF VALUE IN DETECTING ANAL TONE IN COMPARISON TO ANORECTAL MANOMETRY?
Authors: PINTO Rodrigo Ambar , CORRÊA NETO Isaac José Felippe , NAHAS Sérgio Carlos , FROEHNER JUNIOR Ilario , SOARES Diego Fernandes Maia , CECCONELLO Ivan
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Digital rectal examination (DRE) is part of the physical examination, is also essential for the colorectal surgeon evaluation. A good DRE offers precious information related to the patient’s complaints, which will help in decision making. It is simple, quick and minimally invasive. In many centers around the world, the DRE is still the only method to evaluate the anal sphincter prior to patient’s management. On the other hand, anorectal manometry (ARM) is the main method for objective functional evaluation of anal sphincter pressures. The discrepancy of DRE depending on the examiner to determine sphincter tonus in comparison to ARM motivated this study. OBJECTIVE: To compare the DRE performed by proficient and non-experienced examiners to sphincter pressure parameters obtained at ARM, depending on examiners expertise. METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive patients with complaints of fecal incontinence or chronic constipation, from the anorectal physiology clinic of the University of São Paulo School of Medicine, were prospectively included. Each patient underwent ARM and DRE performed by two senior colorectal surgeons and one junior colorectal surgeon prior to the ARM. Patient’s history was blinded for the examiner’s knowledge, also the impressions of each examiner were blinded from the others. For the DRE rest and squeeze pressures were classified by an objective scale (DRE scoring system) that was compared to the parameters of the ARM for the analysis. The results obtained at the ARM were compared to the DRE performed by the seniors and the junior colorectal surgeons. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive analysis was performed for all parameters. For the rest and squeeze pressures the Gamma index was used for the comparison between the DRE and ARM, which varied from 0 to 1. The closer to 1 the better was the agreement. RESULTS: The mean age was 48 years old and 55.5% of patients were female. The agreement of rest anal pressures between the ARM and the DRE performed by the senior proficient examiners was 0.7 (CI 95%; 0.32-1.0), while for the junior non-experienced examiner was 0.52 (CI 95%; 0.09-0.96). The agreement of squeeze pressures was 0.96 (CI 95%; 0.87-1.0) for the seniors and 0.52 (CI 95%; 0.16-0.89) for the junior examiner. CONCLUSION: More experienced colorectal surgeons used to DRE had a more significant agreement with the ARM, thereafter would have more appropriate therapeutic management to patients with sphincter functional problems. ARM, therefore, persists as an important exam to objectively evaluate the sphincter complex, justifying its utility in the clinical practice.
Matematik Uygulamaları Dersi Değer Algısı Ölçeği Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Aytaçlı Berrak , Gündoğdu Kerim
Published: March 2019

Bu araştırmada, 6. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Matematik Uygulamaları
Dersi Değerler Ölçeği’nin (MUDDAÖ) geliştirilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Ölçekte 16
maddeye yer verilmiş, bu maddelerin anlaşılırlığını ve istenilen özellikleri
ölçüp ölçmediğini tespit etmek için uzman görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. MUDDAÖ
Çanakkale il merkezinde 214 6. sınıf öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen
veriler kullanılarak geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin
yapı geçerliğini ortaya koymak amacıyla açımlayıcı faktör analizi; bu analiz
ile elde edilen faktör yapısını doğrulamak amacıyla da doğrulayıcı faktör
analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda 16 maddeden oluşan 3 faktörlü
bir yapı elde edilmiş ve uyum indekslerinin iyi düzeyde olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Analizler ölçeğin, 6.sınıf öğrencilerinin matematik uygulamaları
dersi değerler algıları düzeylerini ölçmeye dönük geçerli ve güvenilir bir
ölçek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Eğitim Yönetimi Alan Kitaplarında Geleneksel Yönetim Yaklaşımlarına İlişkin İleri Sürülen İnanç İfadeleri: Doğruluk ve Haklılandırma Problemi
Authors: ŞAHİN Fatih , CEMALOĞLU Necati
Published: March 2019

Bu araştırmada, eğitim yönetimi alan kitaplarında
geleneksel yönetim yaklaşımları kapsamında inancın doğruluğu ve haklılığı
problemi ele alınmaktadır. Nitel olarak tasarlanan bu araştırmada doküman
analizi tekniği kullanılmış ve alan kitaplarında ileri sürülen inançlara
ilişkin betimsel çözümlemeler yapılmıştır. Alan kitaplarında bilimsel yönetim,
yönetim süreçleri ve bürokrasiye ilişkin ileri sürülen inançlar uygunluk,
pragmatizm, temelcilik ve bağdaşım yönüyle değerlendirilmiş, inançların
doğruluğu ve haklılığı bu çerçevede analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda
geleneksel yönetim yaklaşımlarına ilişkin benzer inanç ifadelerine yer
verildiği, ancak bu inançlara ilişkin şüpheci bir yaklaşımın olduğu bu durumun
da inanca bilgi niteliği kazandırmayı güçleştirdiği görülmektedir. Ayrıca,
doğruluk ve haklılandırma kuramları bağlamında da geleneksel yönetim yaklaşımlarına
ilişkin inançları epistemik bilgi düzeyine taşıyacak açıklamalara yer
verilmediği söylenebilir. Geleneksel yönetim yaklaşımları özelinde alana
ilişkin yapılacak çalışmalarda ileri sürülen inançları hem doğruluk hem de
haklılandırma bağlamında çoklu yönden doğrulayacak ve haklılandıracak ifadeler
kullanmanın, inanca bilgi niteliği kazandırmada ve eğitim yönetimi alanına
özgün kimlik kazandırmada önemli olduğu söylenebilir.
Çocuğu İlkokula Devam Eden Ebeveynlerin Çocuk Yetiştirme Görüş ve Tutumları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ÖZYÜREK Arzu , ÖZKAN İsa , YAVUZ Nadire Ferah , BEGDE Zuhal
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada, çocuğu ilkokula giden ebeveynlerin çocuk
yetiştirmeye yönelik görüş ve tutumlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma
grubunu, çocuğu ilkokula devam eden 96 anne ve 96 baba olmak üzere 192 ebeveyn
oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında Özyürek (2017) tarafından geliştirilen Çocuk Yetiştirmeye İlişkin Anne-Baba Görüşleri Ölçeği,
“Anne-Baba Tutum Ölçeği ve Eşlerin Çocuk
Yetiştirmeye Yönelik Tutumları Ölçeği B Formları kullanılmıştır. Verilerin
analizinde tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Pearson Korelasyon katsayısından
yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; anne ve babaların yaşı ile çocuk
yetiştirmeye yönelik görüşleri arasında, babaların yaşı ile aşırı hoşgörülü
tutumları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Anne ve baba öğrenim durumuyla
çocuk yetiştirmeye yönelik görüşleri arasında, babaların öğrenim durumuyla
çocuk yetiştirme tutumları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Profesyonel
meslek grubundaki babaların çocuk yetiştirmeye yönelik görüşlerinin daha olumlu
olduğu, işçi babaların aşırı hoşgörülü tutumlarının daha yüksek olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak anne ve babaların kendi çocuk yetiştirme
tutumlarına ilişkin görüşleriyle eşlerinin görüşlerinin birbirini desteklediği
dikkat çekmiştir. Ancak, anneler kendilerini çocuklarına karşı demokratik tutum
sergiliyor olarak değerlendirdiğinde, eşlerinin aynı görüşte olmadığı
saptanmıştır.
Matematik Öğretiminde Dijital Oyun Tasarlamanın Öğretmen Adaylarının Yaratıcılıklarına Etkisi
Authors: AKSOY Nuri Can , KÜÇÜK DEMİR Betül
Published: March 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, eğitsel dijital oyun tasarlamanın öğretmen
adaylarının yaratıcılıklarına etkisini araştırmaktır. Araştırma, ön test-son
test kontrol gruplu zayıf deneysel araştırma deseninde tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma
grubu Türkiye’de bir devlet üniversitesi eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte
olan sınıf öğretmenliği matematik öğretimi dersi alan öğrenciler arasından
gönüllü olan 14 öğrencinin deney grubu ve 11 öğrencinin de kontrol grubu olması
şeklinde belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın deney grubunda, 14 hafta süreyle her
hafta her öğretmen adayından matematik öğretimine yönelik bir eğitsel dijital
oyun tasarlaması istenmiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise matematik öğretimi dersi
içeriğine uygun ders işlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak,
Torrance Yaratıcı Düşünme Testi (TYDT) Sözel A Formu- Şekilsel A formu
kullanılmıştır. Deneysel uygulama öncesi ve sonrasında deney ve kontrol
gruplarına test uygulanmıştır. Verilerin betimsel analizleri, ön test ve son
test puanlarının gruba göre U-Testi Sonuçları ve uygulama öncesi-sonrası deney
ve kontrol grubuna TYDT alt boyut puanlarının wilcoxon işaretli sıralar
testleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular göre deney grubundaki öğretmen
adaylarının TYDT tüm alt boyutlarından aldıkları deney öncesi ve sonrası
puanlar arasında anlamlı farklılığın olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan
TYDT alt boyutları son test puanlarının gruba göre sonuçlarına bakıldığında
sözel esneklik, sözel orijinallik alt boyutları ile sözel toplam ve şekilsel
toplam alt boyutları sıra ortalamalarının gruba göre anlamlı farklılık
göstermiştir.
Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Dersinin Uzaktan Eğitim Yoluyla Öğretilmesi Hakkında Öğretim Elemanlarının Görüşleri
Authors: EROL ŞAHİN Ayşegül Nihan
Published: March 2019

Bu araştırmada Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi dersinin
uzaktan eğitim yoluyla öğretilmesi hakkında öğretim elemanlarının görüşlerinin
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği çalışmada
verilerin toplanması için görüş formu kullanılmıştır. 2013-2018 yılları
arasında görev yapan öğretim elemanlarına görüş formunda yer alan 5 adet açık
uçlu soru sorulmuştur. Verilerin analizinde betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır.
Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre bu dersin uzaktan eğitim aracılığı ile verilmesine
ilişkin çok sayıda sorun yaşandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sorunlar, derse
katılım oranının azlığı, sınavlarda yaşanılan problemler, teknik problemler,
dersin itibarsızlaşması şeklinde sıralanmaktadır.   Bu duruma çözüm önerileri olarak da yüz yüze
derslere geri dönülmesi, programların güncellenmesi, farklı öğretim metotları
ile dersin verilmesi gibi öneriler getirilmiştir.
Canlıların Sınıflandırılması ve Biyolojik Çeşitlilik Konusunun Kavram Haritası ile Öğretimin 9. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Akademik Başarılarına Etkisi
Authors: BEKTÜZÜN Burcu , YEL Mustafa
Published: March 2019

ÖZ 

Bu
araştırmada, ortaöğretim 9. sınıf öğrencilerinin Canlıların Sınıflandırılması
ve Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ünitesinde kavram haritası ile öğretimin öğrenci
akademik başarısı olan etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.  Araştırma, 9. Sınıfta öğrenim gören kontrol
grubu (f=36) ve deney grubu (n=36) olmak üzere 72 öğrenci ile
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan  “Canlıların Sınıflandırılması ve Biyolojik
Çeşitlilik Akademik Başarı Testi” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Akademik başarı
testinin Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik katsayısı 0,82 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Araştırma sonucunda, kavram haritalarıyla yapılan derslerin öğrencilerin
canlıların sınıflandırılması ve biyolojik çeşitlilik konularına yönelik
akademik başarılarında istatistiki olarak anlamlı fark oluşturduğu
belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle biyoloji dersine yönelik konuların anlatımında
kavram haritalarının kullanılması oldukça önemlidir.
edX Learner and Course Analytics and Visualization Pipeline v1
Authors: Ginda Michael , Borner Katy , Richey Michael , Cousino Mark
Published: March 2019

The edX Student and Course Analytics and Visualization Pipeline is analytics and visualization pipeline using edX course database and user logs, written in R to 1) to extract and process student users and performance data, course structures and event logs; 2) create learner trajectory networks of use and pathways through course content and activity modules; 3) analyze the students use of course content modules; and 4) aggregate student performance and interaction measurements for a given course.
Base conceptual de la preposición del español entre y sus equivalentes de la lengua inglesa between, among, y amid: Una perspectiva en Lingüística Cognitiva
Authors: Morras Cortes Javier
Published: March 2019

El lenguaje espacial es tradicionalmente entendido como un tipo de lenguaje el cual codifica exclusivamente información geométrica y espacial. Sin embargo, se necesitan más que tan solo geometría y organizaciones espaciales para una psicológicamente real teoría de la semántica espacial. Para acercarnos a esta, debemos destacar la importancia de consecuencias funcionales (ej., Herskovits 1988; Vandeloise 1994) las cuales surgen en distintos tipos de organizaciones espaciales. Dichas consecuencias funcionales pueden ser tanto espaciales como no espaciales, lo cual presenta evidencia en contra de la rígida visión de geometría y estructura espacial como las dos únicas estructuras conceptuales codificadas por preposiciones. Hay también parámetros no espaciales, los cuales, en conjunto con parámetros espaciales, motivan un uso lingüístico situado. Esto a su vez, nos orienta hacia una mejor comprensión de la motivación que hay detrás de sentidos no espaciales y temporales. La presente investigación intenta indagar en el espectro semántico de las preposiciones propuestas para el español y el inglés; dicho espectro semántico es aquí entendido como base conceptual. Las bases conceptuales propuestas para las preposiciones del español entre y sus equivalentes del inglés between, among, y amid, nos darán un entendimiento de cómo estas preposiciones están organizadas espacialmente y de cómo usamos la estructura esquemática de esta organización para entender y producir expresiones con sentido no espacial y temporal. El análisis contrastivo también muestra las diferencias (y similitudes) conceptuales que existen entre los vehículos preposicionales de los dos idiomas. El artículo finaliza con comentarios generales, entro ellos ideas del modelo presentado para su aplicación a la enseñanza del español y/o inglés como segunda lengua, así como también su posible validación experimental en el campo de la psicolingüística.
INTRAREGIONAL VARIABILITY AND PLACE-SPECIFIC ELECTORAL BEHAVIOR IN UKRAINE
Authors: DOBYSH Mykola
Published: March 2019

The paper criticizes electoral geography studies of Ukraine, where the territory of the country is artificially divided into a number of regions following administrative divisions. The study reveals intraregional variability in the territorial patterns of voting behavior in Ukraine in 2002-2014. Zakarpattya, Chernivtsi, Sumy, Chernigiv, and Zhytomyr oblasts have the highest intraregional variance of electoral preferences for conventional “national-democratic” and “Communists and pro-Russian” political parties. All oblasts of Ukraine have internal variations of voting behavior. It was studied based on electoral results data for rayons and cities with special administrative status (n=675). Scatterplot with a time scale, filters for oblasts and rayons/cities, and the opportunity to draw electoral preferences trajectories from 2002 to 2014 parliamentary elections was used as a research instrument. The study also reveals region-specific voting patterns of cities and territorial outliers, which are bounded by administrative borders places with unique voting behavior. The paper accentuates place-specific and region-as-context understanding of electoral behavior as an essential conceptual framework for the further electoral geography studies of Ukraine.
Práticas de ensino inovadoras e aprendizagem no ensino superior no Brasil: o caso de um curso de ciências contábeis
Authors: Costa Felipe da , Neumann Martins Silvana , Diesel Aline
Published: March 2019

The present research aims to verify whether the teaching methodologies used by professors from an Accounting Science course at an institution in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul/BRA favor learning and profile construction of graduating students. For this, Accounting Science graduate conceptions on the pedagogical practices of their teachers were assessed, as well as the competences and skills required for the profile of graduating students. Data for the qualitative/quantitative approach research were collected through a questionnaire applied to 13 students enrolled in the Supervised Training Project during semester B/2014. The participating individuals signed the Term of Informed Consent (TIC). The resulting data were analyzed by means of  discursive textual analysis. The results allow us to conclude that the teaching methodologies used by the course professors do contribute to learning and profile formation of graduating students. The research also showed that, with the use of active methodologies, students are positioned as creators of their own knowledge, which favors learning.
Aportes para la Formación Integral Universitaria: un acercamiento desde las concepciones de enseñanza de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades
Authors: Trujillo Losada Milton Fernando , Gutiérrez Abella Sandra
Published: March 2019

In the university nowadays, there is an increasing questioning of the value of Social Sciences and Humanities as fundamental elements for an integrated academic development, especially when the importance of including courses entitled "humanistic" or "complementary" in the curriculum was reviewed. This article presents the results of a study based on three supplementary questions related to: what is taught (Content), how it is taught (Methodology), and why it is taught (the purpose of teaching Social Sciences and Humanities in the university.  The study was conducted with some students and teachers from the faculties of Humanities and Social Sciences, Economics and Engineering at the University of Ibague in order to identify what they thought about this specific area for the training of university students. The identification and analysis of conceptions about teaching were conducted using a qualitative approach. Data from surveys, interviews, classroom observations and a documentary review of some syllabi were triangulated. With the publication of the results of this research, the researchers hope to provide an input for curriculum review processes, in order to improve the quality and relevance of teaching these disciplines, aimed at supporting the integrated development of future professionals.
Avaliação da/na educação a distância: a desconsideração de críticas na produção acadêmica
Authors: Goulart Vilarinho Lúcia Regina , Ferreira Martins Sandra
Published: March 2019

This article is based on academic production in the SciELO database for the period 2001-2014 on the subject of the evaluation of distance learning in the Brazilian context. The study addresses the distance between the issues raised in such production and the critiques found in the pedagogical literature on this educational methodology. 25 articles were evaluated based on the following three questions: (a) to what extent the articles contemplate the critiques found in the literature; (b) what other critiques, different from the ones mentioned, appear in the papers; (c) what contributions originate from this production for the evaluation of issues in distance learning. The results show that: (a) the majority of the articles (21) do not take into account authors´ critiques acknowledged in the educational scenario; (b) less than half the authors (10) present critiques which are different from those established in the literature; (c) the other critiques lead to significant contributions for educators interested in distance learning and evaluators/researchers seeking themes that deserve to be theoretically or empirically studied further; and (d) the significant number of articles that disregard the distance learning critiques suggest that the academic production considered as the object of evaluation has little relation to the difficulties this educational methodogy faces in specific teaching-learning situations.
Lo que preocupa (u ocupa) al profesor de Historia en Venezuela
Authors: Bracho Jorge
Published: March 2019

Based on a general revision of a set of theses presented by history teachers in Venezuela, it is possible to reach an approximation to the idea and purpose underlying the word ´history´. This article is part of an analysis aimed at establishing what worries a history teacher with regard to historiography and ways of teaching and learning this subject.
Rutas de mejoramiento e informes de diagnóstico cognitivo con el método rule space
Authors: Artavia Medrano Álvaro
Published: March 2019

Given that the development of models of cognitive diagnosis has expanded in recent years, there is increasingly a need to communicate the results to different publics in an effective way. Hence, this article sets forth the use of the “rule space” model in the cognitive diagnosis of structures of knowledge and skills in mathematics, shown in a representative sample of students in Costa Rica who took the National High School Diploma Test in that subject. With the aim of presenting the analyses pertaining to the chosen cognitive psychometric method, the article reports on empirical evidence for the validity of the test, as well as the formulation of the incidence matrix and the classification rate of the students. It concludes that people with the same scores in the test show differences in their probabilities in the mastery of attributes, which is why there is a need for both individual and collective reports which take the differences in the mastery of cognitive attributes into account, so they can be employed to create strategies focused on the strengthening of skills. And likewise, ensure that the information of a diagnostic nature which is obtained from such models is comprehensible and easy to interpret in terms of descriptions of cognitive attributes, in order to trace out learning routes, according to the probabilities of the mastery of skills which reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the student body, and in turn, come up with remedial educational measures.
La prensa católica argentina ante la Ley Federal de Educación (1993-1999)
Authors: Torres Germán
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the response of the Catholic Church in Argentina to the educational reform undertaken by the government of Carlos Menem in the 1990’s. It offers an interpretation of the Catholic position on the basis of a review of the Catholic educational press, represented by the CONSUDEC newspaper, published by the Catholic Superior Council of Education. It highlights the general reception given to the Federal Education Law and the changes and continuities which occurred in the 1990’s. It then analyzes two questions which are fundamental for understanding the link between the Church and the educational system: on the one hand, religious education, and on the other, the definition of the concept “public”. It likewise discusses the auspicious but critical welcome the Church gave to the reform and the limits of its political support after the educational crisis at the end of that decade.
Racismo científico y textos escolares de Ciencias naturales (1979-2015)
Authors: Beltrán Castillo María Juliana
Published: March 2019

This article presents the results of a documentary research project about studies related to scientific racism, Science teaching and text books. It was done in order to establish some of the background for the doctoral thesis: “Scientific racism in Natural Science text books in Colombia” and with the aim of spotting trends in research in this field. The methodology employed was Bibliographic Information Mapping and Documentary Analysis. An analysis was made of studies of scientific racism, Science teaching and text books, as reported in some data bases compiled between 1979 and 2015. 29 studies were found, which, in accordance with the aim of our analysis, were categorized in terms of the following research trends: the concept of human races and its characterization; cultural diversity and ethnic-racial relations; relations between Science, Technology and Society (STS); racial stereotypes and eugenics. Our conclusion was that the textbooks on Natural Science under study use the biological concept of human races to establish racial differences for the explanation of subjects like genetics, human evolution and taxonomy. Biological determinism is presented, and cultural diversity is represented in terms of racial and gender stereotypes.
La investigación educativa en los institutos tecnológicos: una experiencia para elaborar un estado de conocimiento
Authors: Ruiz Hernández Santos
Published: March 2019

The state-of-knowledge reviews on educational research, produced by the Mexican Council of Educational Research (COMIE) have not extended to all of the country’s federal entities (its 31 states plus the Federal District of Mexico City). In this study we constructed a state-of-knowledge review of educational research conducted by the technological institutes of the State of Veracruz, which included twenty-seven institutions. To compile the information, we used an instrument provided by the Mexican Network of Researchers of Educational Research (RedMIIE), adjusted to the aims set forth in this study. The mixed-methods approach was employed. In the quantitative part, it consisted of statistical and descriptive analysis; in the qualitative part, of interpretative analysis. For the handling of data, the MAXQDA analysis of statistical data was used, as well as Excel. This exercise allowed for the identification of the researchers’ academic and teaching training, the research projects undertaken, the methods used and production and dissemination of their results. The texts analyzed in this study consist of books, articles, theses and talks. Each of them was analyzed and assessed. Likewise, it was classified according to the seventeen areas proposed by the COMIE. The results that were obtained allow one to suppose that products that result from educational research will improve in the future. In addition, this study may serve as an example for future state-of-knowledge reviews of educational research in entities which have still not produced them.
La integración de la Orientación Profesional Pedagógica en la asignatura Didáctica de la Lengua Española de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Primaria
Authors: Calzadilla Pérez Oscar Ovidio
Published: March 2019

This study concerns the Professional Pedagogical Orientation (OPP, in its Spanish initials), on the basis of the educational potential of the contents of the “Didactics of the Spanish Language” subject in the pre-service professional training of Primary Education Teachers. The aim of the study is to show a methodological procedure for integrating the OPP as a curricular strategy, insofar as its scope reaches beyond the contents of the programs of the subjects and courses, and offers a cross-sectional approach in the training of future teachers. The criteria which are outlined are systematized in the didactic training of university professors in that subject. The method is subjected to continuous improvement and its logic is consistent with the contemporary demands of the didactics of higher education. This article’s structure corresponds to respective components of the demonstrative methodological class: foundation and argumentation of the problem derived from the methodological directive which is under study; theoretical framework; didactic positioning of the course and the subject chosen in order to show the methodological procedure; and didactic demonstration.
La escuela en ecologías violentas: entre las políticas y la pedagogía de la memoria
Authors: Vélez Villafañe Gerardo , Ortega Valencia Piedad , Merchán Díaz Jeritza
Published: March 2019

Pedagogical proposals acquire meaning in specific socio-historic contexts, under multiple and complex conditionings. The shaping of a pedagogy of memory in Colombia and its incorporation into its schools is a response to a question of ethical-political education, in the face of a complex web of experiences of violence and the emergence of a transitional normative framework which sets forth a set of challenges that education must address for the construction of peace, coexisting with policies of memory which are reproduced in the midst of the educational system’s silence about the country´s recent history and the priority given to economic development as the purpose of training in competencies. In this scenario, the present study takes the normative commitments in the educational domain which have to do with truth, justice and reparation, with guarantees of non-repetition, in order to encourage a pedagogical commitment with memory and the teaching of the events of the recent past, in the light of the ethical imperatives of natality, welcoming and hospitality.
Enalteciendo las competencias investigativas de los docentes de la Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador, Instituto Pedagógico de Barquisimeto
Authors: Colmenares Escalona Ana Mercedes
Published: March 2019

The research experience reported in this article corresponds to a work done with two groups of professors in two consecutive academic periods within the academic program of the Experimental Pedagogical University Libertador, Pedagogical Institute of Barquisimeto (UPEL-IPB), whose purpose was to strengthen the research competencies and increase the research productivity of the participating professors. With that purpose in mind, face-to-face dialogical encounters were held to guide the systematization of research and pedagogical experiences, to provide support in the preparation of research reports, to encourage participation in scientific events and the publication of articles in national and international scientific journals. The guiding methodology was participatory action research. The techniques used included: documentary analysis, participant observation and focused testimonies. Among the instruments we can point out: field diaries and records of self-reflection. At the end of the experience with these two groups, we obtained as significant achievements the realization of twenty one (21) products: the consolidation and presentation of eight (08) presentations at institutional and national events, the submission of ten (10) articles to publish in regional, national and international educational journals, the creation of a (01) line of research and the registration of two (2) research projects before the University's Research Coordination Office. In addition to this, we point out the permanent reflexive processes developed in the meetings, which allowed a significant repositioning of the professors, in relation to their conception of research and to the systematization, the dissemination of knowledge and, therefore, an increase in the research productivity of professors who participated in this study.
Designing curricular units to enhance speaking: A pedagogical experience with secondary school students
Authors: Torres Cepeda Nancy María
Published: March 2019

This article presents a report on a research and pedagogical intervention carried out with a group of ninth graders in their English as a Foreign Language class in Tunja, Colombia. The main purpose of this was to improve speaking skills through the design and implementation of contextualized curricular units. After implementing the curricular units, data were collected by means of field notes, surveys, and structured interviews. The findings of the pedagogical experience revealed that students enhanced their speaking skills by means of expressing personal experiences they experienced around Boyacá. They enhanced their lexicon, improved their pronunciation, and developed confidence as they identified and found a personal connection with the contextualized curricular units, encountering opportunities to talk about their interests, emotions, and feelings.
La movilización de la narración oral como estrategia pedagógica para reflexionar acerca de las prácticas pedagógicas y la formación del rol docente
Authors: Camargo Lombana Carolina , Cardoso Valderrama Ana María , Cordero Anzola Paola
Published: March 2019

In the present article there is a discussion on the description of didactic, pedagogical, procedural and disciplinary processes of a classroom project developed in the Public School Florentino González, with children of the second year of primary school. Its general objective is the construction of a theatre script, having as its starting point the oral tradition; However, after analysing the context, social dynamics and cognitive processes of the study population, in accordance with the alternating training model, a conclusion is reached that stresses the importance of adaptation and mediation of texts such as shared myths and legends in family domains of schoolchildren, in order to mobilise their cultural heritage.
La lingüística descriptiva y aplicada a la enseñanza de lenguas: insumos teóricos para una propuesta curricular en un programa de pregrado en bilingüismo con énfasis español-inglés
Authors: Rojas Molina Sandra Liliana
Published: March 2019

This document is aimed at presenting a series of theoretical considerations about teaching and learning Linguistics and Applied Linguistics in an undergraduate Bachelor program in Bilingualism with emphasis on Spanish and English in Bogotá, Colombia. These theoretical contributions include the institutional and academic justifications of this field of study in an undergraduate program, the exploration of the concepts Linguistics and Applied Linguistics for Language teachers and, finally, some considerations about Didactics in general and Language Didactics in particular. Since little seems to have been written about, particularly, Didactics of Linguistics, this paper seeks to be fed from theories on human learning and language learning to then suggest their inclusion in some Didactics of Linguistics. Thus, this document presents some insights about the relation between teaching and learning Linguistics and Constructivism as well as problem-based, project-based and task-based learning. Similarly, subject content, instruction codes and ways of structuring such contents through didactic or thematic units are also topics of discussion.
Estado, gobierno y sociedad: los caminos de la reforma educativa en Bolivia (1982-1993)
Authors: Iño Daza Weimar Giovanni
Published: March 2019

This article is part of larger research about education in Bolivia during the twentieth century, its reforms and pedagogical movements. In this opportunity the panorama of Bolivian education in the return of democracy is developed. On the one hand, the policies of education reform by the state and governments are presented, in two moments: What was done by the government of Hernán Siles and popular education, and the reform policies initiated in 1985, which promoted the decentralization and rationalization of the education system. On the other hand, this article offers a view of the position and proposals of civil society in the face of government educational policies, such as what happened with the Popular Education Project of 1989 and the National Education Congress of 1992. In both proposals, the discourses of transforming education and preserving the right to education, its gratuity and obligation at all levels were positioned.
Polypharmacy in very elderly hospitalised patients: a single centre study
Authors: Banakh Iouri
Published: March 2019

Objectives:

To quantify the extent of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMS) in very elderly hospitalised patients.

Method:

A retrospective audit of prescribed medications among hospitalised medical patients (?80 years). The number of regular medications was categorised as: non-polypharmacy (0-4 drugs), polypharmacy (5-9 drugs) and hyper-polypharmacy (? 10 drugs).

Results:

318 patient records were reviewed with a mean age of 86.3 years, Polypharmacy was identified in 50.6% of patients and hyper-polypharmacy in 31.2%, while only 18.2% of patients had non-polypharmacy. 62.3% of patients received at least one psychotropic agent, most commonly anti-depressants (26.1%) followed by sedatives (19.5%). Antidepressant use correlated significantly with a history of falls, P=0.005. Other commonly prescribed medications were proton-pump inhibitors (53.5%), diuretics (48.1%), statins (45.6%), beta-blockers (34.3%) and anti-coagulation agents (21.7%).

Conclusion:

Our study showed that over 80% of hospitalised very elderly patients were exposed to polypharmacy, and many patients were prescribed PIMS.
Impact of a Certified Asthma Educator Pharmacist on Medication Adherence in Patients with Persistent Asthma in an Inner-City Hospital
Authors: Bloom Caitlyn Ilyssa , Huggins Charnicia , Diaz-Fuentes Gilda , Sabharwal Nandini
Published: March 2019

Background: The medication management for people with asthma (MMA) Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) measure assesses adherence to controller therapy >75% of the calendar year. A new “Action List” feature recently incorporated into Allscripts, the hospital electronic health record (EHR), is used by a certified asthma educator (AE-C) pharmacist to track both the progress of and to improve patients’ MMA measures.Objective: To evaluate the impact of an AE-C pharmacist using an EHR Action List on improving the number of patients with a MMA >75% compared to a pre-intervention group. Methods: This was a retrospective, pre-post cohort study assessing the impact of an AE-C pharmacist on 2017 versus 2016 calendar year MMA measures. During the intervention period, the AE-C pharmacist conducted patient follow-up calls, as per the Action List, for refill reminders and identification/resolution of nonadherence. Providers were contacted for prescription renewals and insurance formulary changes. This data was compared with historical data from 2016.Results: One-hundred and fifty-five patients were identified, 100 in the 2017 pharmacyintervention group and 55 in the pre-intervention (pre Action List) group. There was no significant increase in the MMA >75% measure in the Action List group when compared with the pre-intervention group (46% vs. 34.6%, p=0.1667). More patients who met the MMA measure were seen by a pulmonologist versus a primary care provider in both groups.Conclusions: The AE-C pharmacist intervention was associated with a non-significant 11.4% increase in patients with a MMA >75%. This small preliminary study suggests promising results for the use of pharmacists to improve HEDIS measures, especially in PCP clinics.
Phototoxic Antibiotics and Aspects of their Liposomal Encapsulation: A Mini-Review
Authors: Budai Marianna , Budai Lívia , Wijesooriya Chamari , Roy Reny Jacob , Petrikovics Ilona
Published: March 2019

The liposomal encapsulation of antibiotics offers advantages from the aspect of bioavailabilty and therapeutical efficacy. As among antibiotics many possess phototoxic properties, and during preparation (e.g. sterilization), storage or in case of topical application ultraviolet light exposure can be present, photodegradation of liposomal antibiotics should be taken into consideration. Thus, the examination of lipid-phototoxic drug interactions in the presence of ultraviolet light is of great importance. In some cases liposomal encapsulation can alter the ways and rates of photodegradation, leading to the formation of more or less (photo)toxic compounds. Through the examples of selected phototoxic antibiotics (nalidixic acid and lomefloxacin) we highlight the role of liposomal composition in altering the photodegradation process of drug molecules,- leading to possible changes either in the ways or in the rates of their photodegradation.
The clinical outcomes of leptomeningeal metastasis and intrathecal MTX in patients with gastric cancer: A retrospective analysis
Authors: LEE EUN MI
Published: March 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to report the clinical features of patients with LM originating from gastric cancer and the outcomes of intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy with methotrexate (MTX) in these patients.

Method: This study analyzed retrospectively the medical records of 10 patients with gastric cancer, who were diagnosed with LM and received IT chemotherapy with MTX at Kosin University Gospel Hospital between January 2007 and December 2017.

Results: Of 10 patients, half was male and the median age at LM diagnosis was 49 years (rang, 33–72). All patients but one had a poor performance status. Seven patients had poorly differentiated or signet ring cell adenocarcinomas, and six had Borrmann type III or IV gastric cancer. The median time from diagnosis of gastric cancer to the development of LM was 22.6 months (range, 4.93–103.7). LM was detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging in 6 patients, and was established in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis in all 10 patients. IT MTX for LM was administrated in all 10 patients, and the median 6 cycles of IT MTX was performed (range, 1–35). Three patients achieved negative conversion of malignant cytology in CSF. Systemic chemotherapy was performed in 5 patients. The median survival time from LM diagnosis was 2.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5–2.7). Two patients survived about 12 months after LM diagnosis.

Conclusion: Although the prognosis of LM in gastric cancer patients was poor, the administration of IT MTX might have clinical benefit in some selected patients.
Effect of Juglan Regiaon Patients Having Metabolic Syndrome: A Controlled Feeding Trial
Authors: Sikander Sehrish , Imran Muhammd , Hassan Ali , Ahsan Fasiha , Noreen Sana , Mughal Muhammad Hanif
Published: March 2019

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disorders diagnosed simultaneously in an individual. The percentage of individuals affected from this syndrome is escalating around the globe as well as in Pakistan mainly due to more consumption of energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyle. Dietary modification with nutrient dense foods is a globally adapted strategy to reduce the complexity of this issue. This present project has been designed to see the impact of nutrient dense walnuts consumption on selective biomarkers in human subjects. The screening of human subjects was done by taking the anthropometric measurements, lipid profile, blood glucose level and blood pressure whereas the dietary pattern of patients was collected by validated food frequency questionnaire. The proximate analysis of walnuts was also done. Twenty patients were selected and divided into two groups randomly. Experimental group consumed walnuts daily for 8 weeks and placebo group consumed the diet without walnut. Selective physical parameters included BMI was performed at the regular basis whereas, the blood samples were collected at 1st , 4th  and  8th week of the study period followed by the evaluation of serum triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Walnuts were found to be high in fat content i.e 64.6% and also contained all other important nutrients as moisture (3.9%), ash (1.5%), protein (15.3%), fiber (1.5%) and nitrogen free extract (10.7%). Walnuts reduced triglycerides significantly and HDL was also raised significantly. No significant change was observed in BMI. Statistical analysis was employed to draw the conclusive outcomes of the research studies.
O desenvolvimento da escrita e o letramento acadêmico
Authors: Andrade Suélen Braga de , Schmitt Ana Carmen Alonso Nachtigall , Bender Angelica , Cogo Maurício Ricardo de Melo
Published: March 2019

Para que o estudante possa ter uma escrita de nível acadêmico é necessário desenvolver habilidades de leitura e letramento, desde os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, fazendo dela, um meio de comunicação importante para registrar a expressão de suas ideias, através de uma boa produção textual. Com o objetivo de abordar o desenvolvimento da escrita e ressaltar a importância do educador no processo do letramento, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, a partir de artigos publicados na Plataforma Scielo. Esta pesquisa revelou a existência de uma fragilidade na formação educacional básica, que acompanha a trajetória acadêmica dos educandos no Ensino Superior. A solução para isso passa pela clareza do professor em apontar, adequadamente, ao educando, o que deve ser melhorado na escrita. E, desta forma, auxiliando e incentivando o processo de construção do conhecimento.