bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BAHASA ARAB MELALUI PENGGUNAAN MEDIA WORD WALL
Authors: Azizah Hanifah Nur
Published: April 2020

Application of the word wall  method is one of alternative to improve students Arabic vocabulary. A problem for student of class III A in MI Al-Ba’ats is the low of Arabic vocabulary which has an impact on the students learning outcomes. The aim of this skills research are to improve of students Arabic vocabulary skills by using  word wall media. This research used the Classroom Action Research (CAR) with fourth cycles. Each cycles concisted of six phases, which: identification of problems, need assessment, idea, implication, and decision making. The subject of the research are 21 students of the class III A MI Al-Ba’ats. The data sources of the research are the research and students. Data collection techniques are used an observation, an interview, tests and documentation. If the individual completeness reaches ≥ 65 and if value of the whole completeness reaches 75% of the students more than ≥ 65, then it could he said as a complete learning outcomes. The average value of learning outcomes in the pre-action is 62 and the value of the whole completeness is 33.3%. The average value of learning outcomes in the first cycle 69 and the value of the whole completeness is 66.7%. The average value of learning outcomes in the second cycle is 73 and the value of the whole completeness is 85.7%. The average value of learning outcomes in the third cycle is 80 and the value of the whole completeness is 95.2%. The average value of learning outcomes in the fourth cycle is 80.1 and the value of the whole completeness is 95.2%. The conclution of this research is by using word wall media, it can improve students Arabic vocabulary skills at class III A of MI Al-Ba’ats.
PENELUSURAN JEJAK ISLAM DI BELITUNG
Authors: Andhifani Wahyu Rizky , Ali Nor Huda
Published: April 2020

One of the islands in Indonesia which has both tourist and mining interests is Belitung Island. Belitung Island is an island between Kalimantan Island and Bangka Island. The history of Belitung is said to have existed since the time of the Majapahit Kingdom, while in the Islamic Belitung era it had four kingdoms, namely: the Balok Kingdom (the oldest and largest), Belantu Kingdom, Badau Kingdom, and Buding Kingdom. This study aims to reveal the existence of Islam on Belitung Island, and this is because Belitung Island has many Islamic treasures, some of which have not been disclosed. This research uses explorative and expansive methods. Islam entered Belitung around the end of the 16th century. In the 17th century, Islam in Belitung became an institution of political power with the establishment of the four kingdoms. Sources about the arrival of Islam on the island of Belitung have a variety of stories that developed in the community, and each source is supported by the data on the tombstone findings in several places on the island of Belitung. Assumptions about who spread various versions start from Aceh, Minangkabau, Palembang, Islamic Mataram, Majapahit, Cirebon, Banten, Gresik, and Banjar.
Reviewing The Effect of Business Intelligence on Decision Support Process: An Application on The Finance Sector
Authors: BİROĞUL Serdar , GÜLTEKİN Hasan Berk
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, data warehouse (DWH) and the business intelligence enterprise solutions frequently used by companies blend the services of reporting, analysis and data mining by rich visual components and provide easy to interpret and meaningful information for decision makers. This study aims to summarize the bank profit loss and Balance in the corporate data warehouse model using the bottom up methodology at enterprise level. Building a data mart using the bottom up methodology allows; high flexibility and user friendliness, because it is based on the individual business department (finance) information needs. The other reason this methodology which was preferred, is that the fundamental concept of dimensional modelling, is the star schema and it also supported by data modelling architecture of Oracle OBIEE 11g .One of the main pillars of a bank's pricing policy is to control the profit and loss of branches. At the end of application of this concept’s study, Corporate memory became more mature and dependency on people was removed in terms of reporting. In addition communication and sharing of information within the finance department increased, personal Productivity increased and cost advantage was ensured and the widespread use of structural data, the users' confidence on business intelligence solutions increased by new data mart.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Paylaşım Sitelerinin Eğitimde Kullanılmasına İlişkin Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ORAL Behçet , KENANOĞLU Rıdvan
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma ile lise öğrencilerinin sosyal paylaşım sitelerini kullanma amaçlarının belirlenmesi ve sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin eğitimde kullanılması ile ilgili görüşleri değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen veri toplama aracı, 2013-2014 bahar döneminde Diyarbakır ili merkez ilçelerinde öğrenim gören 3241 lise öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, lise öğrencilerinin %80’nin en az bir sosyal paylaşım sitelerinde hesabının olduğu, büyük bir bölümünün (%33,7) cep telefonları ile bu sitelere bağladığı, öğrencilerin önemli bir bölümünün (%32,4) gün içerisinde 30 dakikadan az bir süre ile oturumlarını açık tuttukları, öğrencilerin büyük bir bölümünün (%67,7) ilk tercih olarak Facebook adlı sosyal paylaşım sitesini kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan araştırma sonucunda; sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin eğitimde kullanılmasına ilişkin öğrenci görüşleri incelendiğinde, cinsiyet, tercih edilen sosyal paylaşım sitesi, sınıf, öğrenim görülen okul türüne göre anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Activity Level as a Mortality Predictor in a Population Sample after Typical Underwriting Exclusions and Laboratory Scoring
Authors: Rigatti Steven J. , Stout Robert
Published: April 2020

Objectives.— To quantify the effect of physical activity on the mortality rates of healthy individuals in a population sample, after controlling for other sources of mortality risk.

Background.— The widespread availability of activity monitors has spurred life insurance companies to consider incorporating such data into their underwriting practices. Studies have shown that sedentary lifestyles are associated with poor health outcomes and higher risks of death. The aim of this paper is to investigate how well certain measures of activity predict mortality when controlled for other known predictors of mortality including a multivariate laboratory based risk score.

Methods.— Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the years 1999 through 2014. Laboratory and biometric data were scored for mortality risk using a previously developed proprietary algorithm (CRL SmartScore). Data on activity were obtained from the NHANES questionnaires pertaining to activity. In a second analysis, data were obtained from pedometers worn for 1 week by NHANES participants (years 2003-2004, and 2005-2006 only). Before analysis, cases were selected based on commonly used life insurance underwriting criteria to remove from consideration those who have major health issues, which would ordinarily preclude an offer of life insurance.

Results.—In fully-adjusted Cox model which included survey-based MET*hours per day as a 3-level categorical variable, the moderate and minimal levels of activity were associated with hazard ratios of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.04-1.28) and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.23-1.56), respectively, when compared to the highest level of activity. When treated as a continuous variable, the fully adjusted model the HR for MET*hours per day was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.95). In fully adjusted models using pedometer data, the percentage of wear time spent sedentary was associated with mortality (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.09-1.31), while average counts per minute were negatively associated with mortality (HR: 0.82, CI: 0.75-0.90).

Conclusions.—It is clear from these results that high proportions of sedentary time are associated with increased mortality, whether the sedentary time is quantified via questionnaire or pedometer. Because both laboratory scores and activity levels remain significant in Cox models where both are included, these factors are largely independent, indicating that they are measuring distinct influences on the risk of mortality.
Evaluating Uncertainties of Phase Velocity Measurements from Cross-Correlations of Ambient Seismic Noise
Authors: Luo Yinhe , Yang Yingjie , Xie Jinyun , Yang Xiaozhou , Ren Fengru , Zhao Kaifeng , Xu Hongrui
Published: April 2020

Ambient-noise tomography (ANT) has become a well-established method to image the crust and uppermost mantle structures in the past 15 yr. Having a good estimate of uncertainties of phase velocity dispersion measurements in ANT is critical as they can guide the level of data fitting in tomography. However, to date, there are still no systemic studies to evaluate these uncertainties. In this study, we obtain cross correlations with different stacking durations from 17 yr of ambient-noise data recorded at 120 stations in the United States. We analyze the variations of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and phase velocities of cross correlations. We find that the uncertainties of phase velocities are affected by SNRs, interstation distances, and stacking durations. However, none of those three variables can be solely used as a proxy to estimate the uncertainties of phase velocity measurements. Based on our analysis, we graphically present empirical relations of uncertainties of phase velocity measurements as a function of SNR, interstation distance, and stacking duration. These relations can be employed as a guide to estimate phase velocity uncertainties in applications of ANT, assisting in evaluating the reliability of resulting models from ANT.
Yeni Laktik Asit Bakteri İzolatlarının Farklı Kuru Madde İçeriğine Sahip Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Silajında Mikrobiyel İnokulant Olarak Kullanılma Olanakları
Authors: KIZILSIMSEK Mustafa , KEKLİK Kübra , GÜNAYDIN Tuğba
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, ülkemiz florasından izole edilen L. bifermentans ve L. brevis bakterilerinin, KM içeriği %23.92 olan ve soldurularak %32.97 seviyesine çıkarılan yonca materyallerine aşılanmasının silaj kalitesine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, soldurmanın fermentasyon profili üzerine önemli etkilerinin olduğu, pH seviyesini düşürdüğü ve kuru madde kayıplarını azalttığı belirlenmiştir. Bakteri aşılamasının ise pH, asetik asit, propiyonik asit ve bütrik asit içeriğini düşürdüğü, laktik asit üretimini artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, ham protein içeriği ve laktik asit değerleri dikkate alındığında, yonca silajında soldurma ve L. brevis izolatı ile aşılamanın başarılı sonuçlar verdiği belirlenmiştir.
Beneficios tributarios por la adopción de políticas de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE)
Authors: Vélez Romero Carlos Andrés , Cruz Botache Leidy Paola , Romero Restrepo Miryam
Published: April 2020

El artículo es producto de la investigación “Beneficios Tributarios por la Adopción de Políticas de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en las Grandes y Medianas Empresas del Departamento del Quindío” y su objetivo fue diagnosticar a través de encuesta realizada a un grupo de medianos y grandes empresarios del Departamento del Quindío, el conocimiento y aplicación de los incentivos fiscales ofrecidos por el Estado colombiano por la adopción de políticas de R.S.E. La investigación es de tipo analítico-descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar que las empresas participantes tienen conocimiento sobre el concepto de RSE, aunque algunos no cuentan con dichas políticas por desconocimiento de sus beneficios o por considerarlas como gasto. Sin embargo, están dispuestos a realizar alianzas con otras organizaciones para desarrollar acciones frente a los lineamientos de la Responsabilidad Social.
Identificación de habilidades blandas en directivos Pymes de Barranquilla
Authors: Pérez Gómez Leandro Miguel , Villa Borrero Claudia Patricia , Montenegro Pertúz María José
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo permite analizar y comparar teorías y categorías de habilidades blandas y su desarrollo en los escenarios laborales, que facilite a los directivos de las Pymes de Barranquilla proponer las habilidades blandas más significativas en el sector empresarial. Este estudio establecido bajo un enfoque cualitativo, evidenció el análisis de las diferentes teorías generadas alrededor del tema, una secuencia que conllevan a analizar y categorizarlas teniendo en cuenta la investigación en fuentes secundarias y con un diseño de investigación transversal. Los resultados obtenidos proponen la clasificación de habilidades en cinco categorías: pensamiento complejo, técnicas requeridas para el cargo, personales, de relacionamiento grupal-social y para la dirección de grupo o equipo de trabajo. Esta investigación permite concluir que las habilidades blandas o socioemocionales tienen una relación directamente proporcional con la gestión gerencial; su aprendizaje se debe impartir desde la educación básica primaria, potencializando lo trabajado en los currículos universitarios.
Transition and Guiding Strategies of Farmers' Values in Earthquake-stricken Area under the Background of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Zhao Limei
Published: April 2020

The study of farmers' values has been the focus of experts, scholars, government officials and the media all the time, which has always been in progress. After Wenchuan earthquake, the values of farmers there have changed a lot. It is an urge problem demanding prompt solution and also a very important part of post-disaster reconstruction. The study and analysis of the core socialist values of the farmers in the earthquake-stricken areas can not only develop the theory further, but also provide reference for the future rural revitalization. This paper analyzes the topic from the following three aspects: the main characteristics, the influencing factors and the guiding strategies of the changes of values.
Development of a 3D-printed Medication Label for the Blind and Visually Impaired
Authors: Wong Yijun , Xu Yihua , Kang Lifeng , Yap Kevin Yi-Lwern
Published: April 2020

This study explored the potential of three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology in producing a three-dimensional (3D) medication label for blind and visually impaired (BVI) patients to ease their drug administration. Different variations of label wordings, dosing instructions, and medication identifiers were designed with reference to guidelines by the American Foundation for the Blind. Shapes and symbols were used as dosing instructions and medication identifiers to the patient’s medical conditions. Prototype designs were created with common graphics computer-assisted drafting software and 3Dprinted using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene as the polymer filament. Feedback was then obtained from five people with normal vision and four BVI persons. The initial prototype comprised four components, namely, medication name and strength, patient’s name, dosing instruction, and medication identifier. A revised label comprising the latter two components was developed after feedback by BVI persons. Words were in all uppercase and regular font type, with a 5-mm center-to-center letter spacing. Elevation heights of the letters alternated between 1 mm and 1.5 mm. A half sphere represented the medication dose unit, while vertical lines and a horizontal center line with alternating elevation of arrowheads represented the frequency of administration and the medication’s consumption in relation to food, respectively. Symbols based on target organs were used as medication identifiers. With rapid advancements in 3DP technologies, there is tremendous potential for producing 3D labels in patients’ medication management.
THE STRESS ANALYSIS ON TWO DIFFERENT ADHESIVELY BONDED T-JOINTS VIA 3D NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: ÇELEBİ KAVDIR Elanur , AYDIN Murat Demir
Published: April 2020

Adhesively bonded joints are formed in different configurations. T- adhesively bonded joint is one of these
configurations and has an important position in industrial applications. The purpose of this study was to numerically study
the stress distributions, strength, damage evolution of different T-joints with or without adhesive filling at the curvature
of the L-shaped adherends under tensile load via 3D nonlinear finite element method. Here, type-I T-joint is the first
model without adhesive filling at the curvature of the L-shaped adherends and type-II T-joint is the second model with
adhesive filling at the curvature of the L-shaped adherends. In this study, FM73 and 3M 2214 adhesives and AA2024-T3
aluminum alloy adherends have been used to create two different T-joints numerically. Numerical analysis results have
shown that the presence of filler adhesive has a direct influence on joint strength. It has also been observed that ABCD
interface is the most critical region in terms of damage occurrence, while is AB and BC lines on the ABCD interface are
the most critical lines. In addition, it was observed upon comparing the stress distributions of lines AB and BC that the
shear and normal stress values decreased in lines AB and BC of the type-II T-joints. Therefore, it can be put forth that the
strength of Type-II T-joints is greater in comparison with the strength of type-I T-joints and the use of a type-II T-joints is
more suitable for loads which are close to the fracture load of the T-joints.
2 NUMARALI TRABZON AHKÂM DEFTERİNE GÖRE KÜRTÜN İLE İLGİLİ MERKEZE YANSIYAN KONULAR (1759-1796)
Authors: GÖK İlhan
Published: April 2020

Osmanlı Devleti’ni ilgilendiren önemli siyasî, malî, adlî ve ictimaî meseleler klasik dönemde Divan-ı Hümayun’da ele alınırdı. Burada karara bağlanan konular defterlere kaydedilirdi. Bu defter serilerinin ilki şikâyetlerin de kaydedildiği Mühimme defteridir. Mühimme defterine kaydedilen şikâyetler, divan bürokrasisinin ihtisaslaşmasıyla 17. yüzyılda Şikâyet defterlerine, 18. yüzyılda ise Eyalet Ahkâm defterlerine kaydedilmeye başlanmıştır. Bu ahkâm defterleri eyalet adlarına göre tasnif edilmiştir. Eyalet Ahkâm defterlerinde eyaletler ile eyaletlere bağlı olan sancak, kaza ve nahiyelerde meydana gelen ve merkeze intikal eden, yerinde çözülemeyen şikâyetler yer almaktadır. Bu çerçevede 2 Numaralı Trabzon Ahkâm Defteri’ne göre 1759-1796 tarihlerinde Trabzon eyaletinin bir kazası olan Kürtün ile ilgili hükümler konularına göre tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen hükümler konularına göre tasnif edilmiştir. Bu konular timar, vergi, vakıf ve eşkıyalık hakkındadır. Ayrıca hükümlerden timar-zeamet, vakıf ve köylerle ilgili tablolar verilmiştir. Bu makalede Kürtün ile ilgili hükümler değerlendirilerek 18. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Kürtün’ün idarî, malî ve ictimaî yapısıyla ilgili tespitler yapılmıştır.
ŞALPAZARI ÖRNEĞİNDE DOĞU KARADENİZ’DE “TEMEL” ADININ KİŞİ VE SÜLALE ADI OLARAK KULLANIMI ÜZERİNE
Authors: ALPTEKİN Musa Yavuz
Published: April 2020

Trabzon merkezli Karadeniz Bölgesinde ‘Temel’ ismi en yaygın ve en sık tekrar eden isimlerden birisidir. Oysa bu isimle ilgili iki husus son derece dikkate değerdir. İlk olarak, araştırıldığında görülecektir ki, ‘temel’ sözcüğü etimolojik olarak Türkçe kökenli bir sözcük değildir. İkinci olarak, bu sözcük bir isim olarak etimolojik kökenine uygun bir şekilde Anadolu Rumları arasında değil, aksine Anadolu Türklerinde, özellikle Trabzon ve Doğu Karadeniz Türkleri arasında kullanılmış ve yaygınlaşmıştır. Farklı etimolojik kökene rağmen, bir sözcüğün belli bir toplum arasında isim olarak yaygınlaşması, sözcüğün anlam derinliğiyle ve hayata dokunan yönleriyle, o topluluğun yaşama tarzı arasında sıkı bir ilişkiyi gerektirir. Bu çalışmada, söz konusu ilişki, Trabzon’un 24 Oğuz Boyundan birisi Çepni Türkleriyle meskûn olmak bakımından meşhur olan Şalpazarı İlçesi ve 24 köyü kapsamında incelenecektir. Söz konusu incelemede, 1831 nüfus sayımı belgelerindeki bilgilerin, ‘Temel’ ismi bağlamında, güncel durumla karşılaştırılması yapılacaktır. Dolayısıyla çalışmanın veri toplama tekniği tarihsel karşılaştır-malı araştırma ve saha çalışması olacaktır.
DOĞU PONTOS BÖLGESİ KALELERİ VE BASAMAKLI TÜNELLERİNE BİR ÖRNEK: KALEDERE KALESİ - YENİ BULGULAR IŞIĞINDA ARKEOLOJİK BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: KAYMAKÇI Salih
Published: April 2020

Giresun ili Çamoluk ilçesi sınırları içerisinde bulunan Kaledere Kalesi, Mithradates Hanedanlığı’nın yönetimindeki Pontos Krallığı (M.Ö. 281-63) egemenliği içinde yer almaktadır. Giresun ili ve ilçeleri ile Giresun Adası’nda yaptığımız sistematik arkeolojik yüzey araştırmalarımız sırasında tespit ettiğimiz Kaledere Kalesi Giresun ilinin dağlık kesimini oluşturan bölgede bulunmaktadır. Çamoluk ilçesi Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’ni Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ne (Erzincan-Refahiye) bağlayan doğal tarihi yollar üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda Gümüşhane-Giresun-Sivas sınırında doğu-batı yönünde Kelkit (Lykos) çayı boyunca uzanan yol güzergahını da kontrol eden bir yapıya sahiptir. Mithradates Hanedanlığı dönemi ile ilgili bulguların azlığı bu dönem ile ilgili Doğu Pontos hakimiyet alanını tam olarak yansıtamamaktadır. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki arkeolojik ve tarihi çalışmalar da hala yetersiz durumdadır. Çamoluk ilçesinde tespit ettiğimiz Kaledere Kalesi ve Basamaklı Tüneli Hellenistik Dönem-Mithradates Hanedanlığı dönemine ait mimari kalıntıları ile dikkat çekmektedir. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki arkeolojik ve tarihi çalışmaların yetersiz olduğunu da düşünürsek Kaledere Kalesi ve basamaklı tüneli bu açığı kapatmada önem arz etmektedir.
Fruit sizes and methods of seed extraction in Physalis physiological potential
Authors: Pellizzaro Verônica , Omura Mônica Satie , Braubraz de Paula Jean Carlo , Furlan Felipe Favoretto , Assari Takahashi Lúcia Sadayo
Published: April 2020

Physalis peruviana L., a small fruit belonging to the Solanaceae family, is known for the high vitamins A and C, iron, and phosphorus content. As it presents numerous opportunities for adding value to family producers, it has been gaining space in the consumer market. Characteristics such as fruit size and seed extraction methods can interfere with the physiological potential of the seeds. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between fruit size and physiological quality of Physalis seeds and to establish an effective method for the extraction of its seeds. The experiment was conducted at the Phytotechnics Laboratory of the State University of Londrina, using a completely randomized design in a 3×2 factorial scheme, with 4 replications of 50 seeds. The factors consisted of three fruit sizes (small, medium, and large) and two extraction methods (manual and mechanical). The averages obtained were compared using the Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). After 28 days of germination, the following evaluations were made: percentage of germination, first germination count, germination speed index, length, and dry mass of seedlings. The physiological potential of the seeds was influenced by the size of the fruits. The method of manual seed extraction proved to be superior and more efficient than the mechanical method.
Estilos de crianza, autoeficacia parental y problemas conductuales infantiles en tres municipios de Santander
Authors: Rodríguez-Villamizar Laura A , Amaya-Castellanos Claudia
Published: April 2020

Introducción: La familia, a partir de la crianza, juega un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y de autocuidado de las personas. Objetivo: Describir los estilos de crianza, la autoeficacia parental y la percepción de problemas de la conducta infantil por parte de padres y cuidadores de niños, además, explorar diferencias por sexo y zona de residencia en tres municipios de Santander. Materiales y método: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal. Se incluyeron padres y cuidadores adultos de niños menores de 12 años residentes en los municipios de Girón, Lebrija y Matanza. Se aplicaron el cuestionario de capacidades y dificultades, la escala de estilo parental y la lista de verificación de las tareas parentales. Se realizaron comparaciones por sexo, municipio y zona (urbana/rural). Resultados: Participaron 1.425 adultos cuidadores de niños menores de 12 años. La mayoría de los participantes fueron mujeres (80%) y su rol era madre (70%). Se identificó una prevalencia alta de estilos de crianza disfuncionales caracterizados por la sobrerreactividad (36%), la laxitud (23%) y la hostilidad (22%). En la zona rural se encontró una mayor proporción de falta de autoeficacia contextual (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Se evidencia la presencia de estilos de crianza disfuncionales y alteraciones comportamentales de los niños que sugieren la necesidad de intervenciones poblacionales intersectoriales a padres y cuidadores. Se propone posicionar la crianza como un proceso de interés en salud pública.
Percepción de satisfacción entre beneficiarios del programa de alimentación escolar en Bucaramanga-Colombia
Authors: Niño-Bautista Lucila , Gamboa-Delgado Edna Magaly , Serrano-Mantilla Tatiana
Published: April 2020

Introducción: El Programa de Alimentación Escolar PAE en Colombia es uno de los más antiguos orientado a la protección de la población infantil para potenciar su desarrollo y disminuir la deserción escolar; sin embargo, no hay investigación suficiente que permita evidenciar avances y logros del programa. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia en la percepción de satisfacción de los beneficiarios del Programa de Alimentación Escolar - PAE en Bucaramanga, Colombia y sus factores asociados. Metodología: Se realizó en 2017 un estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal analítico. La población correspondió al universo de escolares beneficiarios del PAE en la ciudad (N= 31.230) y la muestra a 401 escolares la cual se dividió en dos grupos según edad: grupo 1 (de 5 a 8 años) y grupo 2 (de 9 a 17 años). Las encuestas para evaluar los componentes sensorial, organizacional y social, fueron sometidas a prueba piloto para validación aparente o facial y ajustadas según resultados. Una vez recogidos los datos se hizo análisis descriptivo a características de interés; para corroborar diferencias estadísticamente significativas se usó la prueba de chi2 y T de Student y se realizaron análisis bivariados y multivariados entre las características de interés y la percepción de satisfacción usando regresión lineal simple y múltiple. Resultados: Los estudiantes mostraron un nivel alto de percepción de satisfacción frente a las raciones recibidas, siendo los más satisfechos los de nivel socioeconómico bajo y medio bajo (Coef B 2,43; IC 95%: 1,61-3,25) y los que recibieron ración preparada en sitio (niños de 5 a 8 años), (Coef B 8,36; IC 95%: 7,08-9,64). Se encontró que el 25% de los estudiantes de nivel socioeconómico medio-medio y medio-alto botaba los alimentos a la basura. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos mostraron la necesidad prioritaria de ser más rigurosos en la focalización de los beneficiarios del programa, así como llevar a cabo otros ajustes planteados en el estudio, para incrementar la calidad del programa PAE de Bucaramanga.
Implementación de un repositorio para el catálogo, búsqueda y uso de componentes software reutilizables en el desarrollo de aplicaciones web
Authors: Vargas-Fandiño Jhon Carlos , Sandoval-Ramirez Jhon Jairo , Vera-Rivera Fredy Humberto
Published: April 2020

El desarrollo de software se caracteriza por ser un proceso complejo, requiere de inversión de tiempo, conocimiento de herramientas tecnológicas para su elaboración, su depuración y su despliegue. Sin embargo, con el paso de los años, se han desarrollado avances tecnológicos y metodológicos, que reducen considerablemente esta complejidad, convirtiendo dicha actividad en un proceso más intuitivo, controlable y rápido. La reutilización aparece como una alternativa para desarrollar aplicaciones y sistemas de una manera más eficiente y rápida. La idea es reutilizar elementos y componentesen lugar de tener que desarrollarlos desde un principio. A estas unidades se les conoce como componentes software reutilizables. La bibliotecao repositoriode componentes reutilizables es el corazón del desarrollo de software basado en componentes, permite catalogar, organizar, descubrir y reutilizar estos componentes. En este trabajo se desarrolló e implementó unrepositoriode componentes de software reutilizables que apoye los procesos de desarrollo de aplicaciones web y la formación de estudiantes en el programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander (Cúcuta, Colombia)llamada Colossal, permitiendo a los estudiantes y profesores buscar, compartir y reutilizar los componentes disponibles en el repositorioy usarlos en sus proyectos.Para evaluar el repositorio de componentes y verificar que cumple con su propósito se realizó un estudiocuantitativo descriptivo donde se evalúa el nivel de aceptación de la herramienta tecnológica, como resultado se obtuvo quela mayoría(94%)de los estudiantesy profesoresrespondió de manera positiva y se evidencióuna buenaaceptación del funcionamiento y uso del mismo
Calentamiento simultáneo microondas-radiación térmica
Authors: Muñoz-Neira Milton , Cruz-Duarte Jorge , Correa Rodrigo
Published: April 2020

En este artículo se presentan resultados de la simulación del tratamiento térmico híbrido de materiales, utilizando ondas electromagnéticas en el rango de las microondas y el calor por radiación térmica generado por una resistencia eléctrica. La resistencia se ubicó de tal forma que solo la mitad del sólido (una esfera de dos capas) recibela energía generada por ésta. Además, la resistenciase controló de tal forma que generó energía térmicadeforma uniforme y constante. Igualmente,se definieronmateriales con propiedades termofísicas diferentes en cada capa, pero invariantes tantocon la posicióncomo con la temperatura. El flujo de calor volumétrico se consideró constante con el tiempo. Los perfiles de temperatura para cada capa mostraron variaciones en el tiempo y la posición, observándose que elcalentamiento simultáneo facilita lamanipulación de estos perfiles, de acuerdo con las necesidades del tratamiento térmico. Así, se evidenció la ventaja de éste tipo decalentamiento híbrido.
Defosforización de minerales de hierro a través de lixiviación ácida en medio estático
Authors: Molina María Alejandra , Delvasto Pedro , Ballester-Pérez Antonio
Published: April 2020

Se estudió en columnas de percolación la defosforización de dosminerales de hierro, provenientes de Brasil y de Venezuela, utilizando HCl 0,6 M como agente de lixiviación. Además, se estudió el efecto de un tratamiento térmico previo realizado a 900 ° C durante 1 hora. Los minerales se caracterizaron antes de la lixiviación por fluorescencia de rayosX (XRF), difracción de rayos X (XRD) y porosimetría. En las soluciones restantes, se midió el pH y se determinaron Fe y P mediante espectroscopía de absorción atómica (AAS) y espectroscopía ultravioleta-visible (UV-Vis), respectivamente. Los minerales lixiviados se caracterizaron químicamente por XRF. Se encontró que la efosforización fue particularmente efectiva en el caso de los minerales tratados térmicamente, como resultado de los cambios estructurales registrados quefacilitaron la lixiviación de fósforo. La tasa de defosforización fue 23 veces mayor en el mineral brasileño tratado térmicamente y 262 veces en caso del venezolano tratado térmicamente
Análisis del desempeño aerodinámico de un ala delta a baja velocidad
Authors: Serrano-Rico Juan Carlos , Moreno-Contreras Gonzalo G , Rúa-Ramírez Edwin
Published: April 2020

En el presente trabajo se presentan los resultados de la medición experimentales de los coeficientes aerodinámicos de un ala delta, los coeficientes determinados fueron el de sustentación, arrastre y el de momento, adicionalmente se realizó una visualización del comportamiento del fluido que pasa sobre el ala mediante la utilización de humo y de un compuesto liquido de aceite sobre la superficie del ala. Los resultados obtenidos son comparables con modelo teórico de Polhamus y con experimentales presentadosen la literatura
Sistema de logística inversa para el desarrollo sostenible de un astillero
Authors: Arango-Serna Martín Darío , Valencia-Salazar Jairo Alberto , Ruiz-Moreno Silvana
Published: April 2020

Con el advenimiento de mercados globalizados donde aumentan los desperdicios derivados de procesos productivosy ante la evidente necesidad de adoptar medidas que disminuyan los impactos negativos asociados a su disposición final, laformulación de sistemas de logística inversa a medida de las empresas que permitan realizar una disposición responsable de los residuos maximizando laobtención de valor de estosha sido objeto de estudio en los últimosaños. Elobjetivo deesteartículo es proponerun Sistema de Logística Inversa para un astilleroque se enfoqueen los residuos derivados de las operaciones de mantenimiento realizadas aembarcacionesbajo un enfoque sostenible. La metodología se basóen un análisis de la literatura científica en términos de logística inversay sostenibilidad,al igual quela caracterización de los procesos en las instalaciones del astillero, desarrollando estrategias que soporten la implementación del sistema propuestoeindicadoresque controlen su futura implementación.
Procesamiento de señales cerebrales provenientes de estímulos visuales y auditivos utilizando análisis wavelet y redes neuronales artificiales
Authors: Lizcano-Portilla Alberto , Mendoza Luis , Nieto-Sánchez Zulmary
Published: April 2020

Este artículo presenta el diseño y desarrollo de un prototipo portátil para la adquisición, procesamiento y clasificación de señales EEG con el objetivo de caracterizar estímulos visuales y auditivos, se trabajó con dos pacientes diferentes para la validación de los resultados, se realizó el registro de las señales durante 4 segundos a una frecuencia de 500Hz. Los pacientes fueron expuestos a estímulos visuales y auditivos en diferentes casos, cuya frecuencia de aparición permanecía constante. Para el registro de las señales se diseñó un sistema de adquisición de 4 canales configurables entre sí para trabajar con derivación unipolar o bipolar según requiera el experimento. La selección de la mejor base en el análisis multi-resolución de wavelet se tuvieron en cuenta dos parámetros importantes, la medida de la entropía y los porcentajes de clasificación de dichos niveles, debido a que los potenciales evocados son generalmente constantes en su morfología, se hizo promediación coherente dando como resultado la ubicación espacio-tiempo donde aparece dicho potencial evocado, una vez se obtuvo las características de la señal tratada se procedió a clasificarlas mediante dos métodos diferentes de inteligencia artificial, redes neuronales y máquinas de soporte vectorial, en esta etapa se tomó en cuenta la medida de la desviación estándar de los datos, para garantizar que la máquina de aprendizaje se entrene de manera correcta. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran de manera fidedigna el comportamiento general de los potenciales evocados como resultado a los estímulos presentados, además de que sepudo comprobar la variación de las ondas alfa del paciente según su estado de relajación o alerta en cada caso, es recomendable realizar un sistema de filtrado mucho más robusto para aumentar la relación señal a ruido de la señal EEG, facilitar su análisis y mejorar los resultados.
Analysis of Computer Network Security and Preventive Measures in the Data Age
Authors: Li Zhi
Published: April 2020

With the development of science and technology, the network in human society continues to be improved and enriched, as well as the ability of database technology, which is of super cloud computing ability and extensive data sharing and brings great convenience to the whole country. But at the same time, the data that is used improperly in the network environment not only poses a certain threat to the network system, but also gradually erodes people's lives. For the computer network security problems in the era of big data, this paper first analyzes the location of the problems, and then puts forward the means to solve and prevent the security problems.
Territorial and environmental management in the indigenous lands of Paru de Leste river: a collective challenge in the northern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Apalaí Cecília Awaeko , Guimarães Vieira Ima Célia , Araújo Roberto , Van Velthem Linke Iori Leonel
Published: April 2020

The National Policy for Environmental and Territorial Management of Indigenous Reserves – (PNGATI in Portuguese) aims to promote quality of life in a sustainable way for indigenous peoples in their lands, respecting socio-cultural autonomy and their own forms of territoriality. This text shows and discusses its socio-political reach and mobilization involved in the implementation of PNGATI with the indigenous peoples of the Paru de Leste River, northern Amazon. Data were collected during the construction stages and execution of the Territorial and Environmental Management Plan through 2014 to 2018. The data suggest that despite some permanent implementation challenges, the management plan was built in order to respect the constitutional precepts of autonomy and collective well-being, empowering, within the limits of this public policy, the indigenous peoples of the region.
Economistic discourses of sustainability: determining moments and the question of alternatives
Authors: Meyer Esther , Vilsmaier Ulli
Published: April 2020

The dissemination of sustainability has worldwide increased significantly in discourses and politics since the UN-resolution of the ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ in 2015. Nevertheless, the meanings of the concept vary in different linguistic communities and cultures. The present article comprises a meta-analytic revision of discourse-analytic work and a own discourse analysis of sustainability concepts in an intercultural orientation. The results show hegemonic discourses of economistic conceptualizations as well as alternatives, which are constituted in different linguistic communities. The article wants to contribute to an exchange and a profound discussion between the linguistic groups as well as to a methodological reflection on discourse analysis from an intercultural perspective.
Mudanças Climáticas:
Authors: Santos Marli T.
Published: April 2020

STERN, Nicholas. et al. Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change. London: HM Treasury,2006. 579 p. Consultado em novembro de 2009 em http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/stern_review_report.htm
Aménagements Hydrauliques et Vulnérabilité de L’élevage Transhumant au Ferlo (Sénégal)
Authors: Sy Oumar
Published: April 2020

Une des caractéristiques majeures du Ferlo est l’aléa sur le plan pluviométrique, impactant négativement le remplissage correct des mares et rendant les sociétés pastorales plus vulnérables. Les politiques d’hydraulique pastorale, à travers une mauvaise gestion des forages n’ont permis d’y développer qu’un élevage extensif. De même, les politiques de maîtrise des eaux de surface ont contribué à La marginalisation de l’élevage dans la vallée alluviale du fleuve Sénégal. Dans CE contexte, l’Etat a aménagé quelques mares dans l’optique de mobiliser et valoriser les eaux de ruissellement, permettant ainsi d’amoindrir les contraintes du climat. Cette étude montre que les contraintes liées à l’accès et à l’aménagement de l’eau constituent un défi majeur au développement du Sahel sénégalais et qu’il est urgent de mettre en place un aménagement qui prenne en compte les différents types de points d’eau de la région.
Individual Land Tenure and the Challenges of Sustainable Land Use and Management in a Semi-arid Region of China
Authors: Zhao Yongjun
Published: April 2020

China’s farmland tenure, characterised by a household responsibility system (HRS) and collective landownership, has contributed to the continuation of poverty and natural resource deterioration in semiarid regions. Incongruent with local ecological, social and political conditions, the HRS has been linked to rising social and political tensions. Drawing on ethnographic research in Guyuan County, North China, this paper provides peasants’ experiences of and views on the land issue and examines the linkages between land tenure, poverty and the governance of natural resources—grassland, forest land, farmland and water. It shows that an appropriate land tenure system can only be achieved if the fragmentation and individualization of the HRS are reformed through an innovative institutional design. The paper also contributes to a critical understanding of China’s agrarian reform by articulating the need for land tenure diversity serving the overall goal of sustainable land use and management and shaping sound statepeasant relations.
As Mudanças Climáticas e os Seres Humanos –
Authors: Giustina Carlos Christian Della
Published: April 2020

REICHHOLF, Joseph H. Breve História da Natureza no Último Milênio. São Paulo: Editora SENAC, 2009. 366p. ISBN 978-85-7359-872-8. [Traduzido do original Eine Kurze Nasturgeschichte des lezten Jahrtausends. Ed. S. Fischer, 2008]. Tradução de Ana Paula de Oliveira, Luiz Arturo Obojes e Maria Estela Heider Cavalheiro. Bibliografia, índice remissivo, ilustrações, sinopse.
Aprovisionamiento eléctrico de Buenos Aires y desigualdades regionales entre la metrópolis y el Noreste argentino
Authors: Carrizo Silvina , Forget Marie
Published: April 2020

Argentina constituye el segundo mercado eléctrico de América del Sur (100.000 GWh consumidos en 2008, según cifras de la Agencia Internacional de la Energía 2010), después de Brasil. La mayor parte del consumo se concentra en la región metropolitana de Buenos Aires cuyos hogares absorben 40% de la electricidad destinada a fines domésticos y las industrias toman 60% del total. Los altos niveles de demanda de la metrópolis han justificado históricamente inversiones en proyectos energéticos, algunos locales, otros en sitios alejados. Así Buenos Aires genera e importa electricidad para cubrir sus necesidades mientras se observa que las regiones exportadoras a veces carecen de servicios locales suficientes. En la región del Noreste, donde se localiza la mayor represa del país –la represa binacional de Yacyretá- la tasa de cobertura eléctrica es inferior a la media nacional (siendo ellas de 90% y 95% respectivamente). Existen luego desigualdades en disponibilidad de electricidad a nivel nacional. Esta presentación1 busca mostrar en qué forma Buenos Aires se ha abastecido de electricidad y las implicancias que el desarrollo de ese mercado trae para las regiones exportadoras. En particular se estudia el sistema de producción y distribución de una de las mayores centrales hidroeléctricas y se constatan las dificultades y beneficios que ha encontrado la región del Noreste, en la obra de Yacyretá, ya en términos de abastecimiento, ya en términos socioeconómicos.
Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Interventions in Schools of Jazan City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Awad Elkarim Elfaki Fatima , Eldin Elsawi Khalafalla Husam , Mutwakel Gaffar Abdelrahim , E Moukhyer Mohamed , A Bani Ibrahim , Salih Mahfouz Mohamed
Published: April 2020

Background
Unhealthy dietary habits and lifestyle among adolescents is considered as a risk factor for nutrition-related diseases in adulthood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a healthy lifestyle intervention—including physical activity (PA) and eating habits (EH)—among female students in Jizan City, southwest Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Methods
A representative sample of 565 school students aged 12–15 years was randomly selected from four schools in Jizan, KSA. The PA and EH were assessed using a validated self-administered questionnaire. A pre-post quasi-experimental study was implemented in three phases.
Results
Following the intervention, the school children in the intervention groups showed a significant improvement in their EH and PA. These improvements were documented in increased physical walking measured by the number of students walking daily, the number of days walked, and the time spent on vigorous activities (54.11 ± 54.89 to 63.24 ± 76.16). Fruits and vegetables had a similar consumption frequency in both the intervention and control groups. The snacks were frequently consumed among intervention group with a significant increase in the mean number from 1.64 ± 0.93 to 1.96 ± 1.13 (p = 0.000) and fast food were less frequently consumed among intervention group than the control group (p = 0.000). The prevalence of obesity in the intervention group was reduced from 16.3% to 12.9%, while it was significantly increased from 17.6% to 19.0% in the control group (p = 0.0148). Weight decreased by 0.37 kg in the intervention group, while it increased by 0.07 kg in the control group, but with no statistically significant increase.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, healthy lifestyle interventions can improve short- and long-term outcomes in school children. When examining the health benefits of healthy lifestyle, the importance of dietary and PA behaviors should be considered.
Keywords:  lifestyle, dietary habits, physical activity, chronic diseases, Jazan-KSA
Editorial
Authors: Mendieta Albornoz Mauricio
Published: April 2020

Independientemente de la controversia de si hemos transitado del segundo al tercer milenio, o de si iniciaremos el siglo XXI, para todos los seres vivos, esa transición ha sido similar a cualquier otro instante, solamente un momento más en su existencia.Sin embargo, nosotros, los seres humanos tenemos una doble naturaleza; por una parte, la biológica y física, y por la otra, poseemos una especie de segunda naturaleza que es precisamente la racional, moral, cultural.Esta doble naturaleza biológica y espiritual, es la insuperable paradoja de su dualidad y unidad simultáneas: ser continuo y discontinuo al mismo tiempo.
Una mirada a la evolución de la creación de spin-offs académicas en países Iberoamericanos: los casos de España y Colombia
Authors: Morales-Gualdrón Silvia Teresa
Published: April 2020

La creación de empresas a partir de resultados de investigación –spin-offs académicas– es un fenómeno que se ha consolidado en países líderes en investigación a nivel mundial, como Estados Unidos, Francia, Reino Unido e Israel, entre otros, pero que a nivel de Iberoamérica es de reciente implementación.  Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre el desarrollo de las spin-offs académicas en dos países iberoamericanos, España y Colombia, abordando algunos aspectos fundamentales, como lo son: las capacidades para la I+D+i, el marco normativo, la disponibilidad de recursos e infraestructura de apoyo para las diferentes etapas del proceso de creación de una empresa.  Los resultados muestran un mayor desarrollo en el caso español que en el colombiano, no obstante, en ambos casos se han ido fortaleciendo las capacidades institucionales para la investigación y desarrollo en las universidades, se han eliminado barreras jurídicas para la participación de las universidades y de los empleados públicos docentes en la creación de estas empresas, y se ha ido consolidando un ecosistema de apoyo al emprendimiento de base tecnológica que favorecerá, en los próximos años, los procesos  de generación de spin-offs.