bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIGITAL WAQF IN MALAYSIA: LEGAL ANALYSIS AND CURRENT CHALLENGES
Authors: Manshor Nurul Mazrah , Hussin Rohayati , Mohamad Sirat Nur Irinah , Abdullah Sanek Siti Khadijah
Published: July 2024

Digital waqf is one way to donate money for worship purposes via internet platforms based on the concept of waqf in Islam, which means dedicating property or assets to Allah. Digital waqf has a lot of potential for developing the Muslim community, but it is not without facing some legal issues and challenges in Malaysia. This study examines the legal status of digital waqf in Malaysia. It identifies current issues and challenges arising from the non-uniformity of waqf laws across the states, the uncertainty of the legal status of waqf, the ambiguity of the legal status of digital waqf, the absence of adequate verification of digital waqf, and the inefficiency in the administration and management of both waqf and digital waqf. This study uses qualitative methods with literature review methods for the data collection. Data from various sources, including journals, books, and online data related to the digital waqf in Malaysia, were analysed using content, inductive, and deductive analysis. This study found that the issues and challenges hinder the potential and impact of digital waqf and immediate and effective solutions are required to improve the situation. The study suggests several solutions, such as harmonising waqf laws according to the states, clarifying the legal status of digital waqf, improving digital waqf authentication, enhancing the administration and management of digital waqf, using crowdfunding platforms to raise digital waqf funds, using mobile applications to facilitate digital waqf, and using blockchain systems to increase the security and transparency of digital waqf. This study concludes that immediate action is needed to formulate sustainable policies and laws to overcome the challenges and enhance digital waqf’s governance and efficient management.
FOOD SECURITY ISSUES IN MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Hussin Rohayati , Manshor Nurul Mazrah , Abdullah Sakinatul Raadiyah , Fazial Farahdina , Muhamad Don Mohd Ali
Published: July 2024

Food security is becoming increasingly important as the world's population grows, particularly in emerging countries like Malaysia and Indonesia. In Malaysia, food security is crucial to ensure that Malaysians have access to enough food if the nation experiences any unplanned events. Several critical food security issues have been identified in Malaysia and Indonesia, including a lack of agricultural land, agricultural investment, and appropriate policies and innovative programs for the agriculture sector to boost food production. This study aims to examine food security issues in Malaysia and Indonesia and to analyse the laws, policies, and initiatives implemented in Malaysia and Indonesia to ensure food security. In addition, waqf has much potential to address food security issues. This study adopts a qualitative approach that involves data collection based on primary and secondary legal material. The data collected are comparatively analysed using content analysis. This comparative legal research methodology draws lessons from both jurisdictions. The findings can be used to develop best practices and inform policy decisions on food security issues.
POLIGAMY IN PERLIS: A REVIEW
Authors: Hussin Noor Salwani , Abdullah Shuhairimi , Basir Noriha , Azmin Adi Anuar , Abdullah Azizah , Harun Wan Norhaizar
Published: July 2024

Marriage with a number of spouses is called polygamy. The meaning of this phrase runs against to the idea of monogamous marriage. Because a polygamous application in Shariah courts is officially rejected, polygamous marriages that are forbidden by Sharia law may also spontaneously become polygamous without authorization. Polygamy has emerged as a contentious topic in today's culture that elicits strong feelings from people. Nevertheless, there have to be causes for polygamy to occur. This article seeks to shed light on the aspects of polygamy in this nation, particularly in the state of Perlis. Both content analysis and qualitative approaches are used to analyse this paper writing process. Since Perlis is a small state in comparison to other states, an increase in polygamy cases occasionally adds to a bad image regarding the state's society. Therefore, in order to better understand the community, it is important to identify what the factors contributing to the incidence of polygamy instances in this nation's society?
MAPPING HEALTH BEHAVIORS: AN ANALYSIS OF LIFESTYLE AND EATING HABITS AMONG DIPLOMA OF PHARMACY STUDENTS AT UiTM CAWANGAN PULAU PINANG
Authors: Wan Ismail Wan Nordini Hasnor , Muhsain Siti Nur Fadzilah , Mokhtar Nur ‘Ainun
Published: July 2024

Background: The word "eating habits" describes how an individual or group eats food, including what kind of food they eat, how much they eat, and when they eat it. The term "lifestyle" refers to the intricate methods and practices of actions, norms, and beliefs that people or organisations adopt with the goal to perform well in social situations. Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to characterise the lifestyle and eating patterns of Diploma of Pharmacy students at the Bertam Campus of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Pulau Pinang. Methods: A number of questionnaires that were issued via Google Form were used to collect data. To provide further details about the research, a thorough analysis of a large number of publications and journals concerning the eating habits and lifestyle of students and the factors that influence them was conducted. A review of the journals and articles shows that students who want to focus on their studies and achieve better exam scores need to lead healthy lifestyles and consume a healthy diet. Result: According to survey data, pharmacy students at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Pulau Pinang (Bertam Campus) have poor dietary and lifestyle choices as a result of the stress and challenges they face in their academic pursuits. Conclusion: Thus, we can draw the conclusion that while some students lead healthy lifestyles and eat healthily, others do not, and that gender has a partial influence on these behaviours.
INTERACTIVE VIRTUAL COMPARISON OF PURE AND ALLOY CRYSTAL STRUCTURES IN MATERIAL SCIENCE LESSONS
Authors: Syed Hassan Sharifah Aina Hazira , Mohammad Siti Nurizahani , Mohd Shah Aziurah
Published: July 2024

Visualizing something invisible to the naked eye, such as the crystal structure of a material, presents a significant challenge in understanding the field of material science. Thus, this project aims to develop an augmented reality (AR) mobile application that can visualize and compare the crystal structure of pure and alloy metals to assist in understanding material science. AR is used to integrate real-world data with computer-generated content to provide an interactive approach that goes beyond traditional methods. The models of the crystal structures are generated using SolidWorks software and then integrated into Unity software to blend the structure into the real-world application. Next, Vuforia software is used to make AR accessible on mobile phones. As a result, ‘Crystal View 1.0’ is developed and ready to use on students’ smartphones. The application offers a mixed reality view, enabling the real-time visualization of the crystal structures and detailed descriptions. 81% of mechanical engineering students taking material science courses are interested in using AR to learn crystal structure. In conclusion, the application can help students visualize and differentiate the crystal structures of pure and alloy metals interactively with real-world applications, thereby boosting the motivation of science students to learn material science.
COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT: INTEGRATED GEOGRAPHY AND SIRAH ELEMENTS THROUGH GEOSIRAH LEARNING TOOL
Authors: Mohd Yusoff Nur Syazwana , Mokhtar Ernieza Suhana , Nasirun Noraini , Ahmad Siti Zulaiha , Ismail Ummi Syarah , Md Saad Nurhafiza , Osomon Muhammad Ariffin
Published: July 2024

Sirah provides a significant history and chronology of a specific narrative, which requires accurate comprehension and retention through the study of details such as dates, locations, and events. However, most students expressed an apathetic disposition and were prone to boredom when required to comprehend Sirah history through extended reading. The purpose of this study is to determine the understanding level of secondary school students in the Sirah subject, which incorporates geography elements through a GeoSirah learning tool version 2. By employing a quantitative method, a questionnaire form was distributed among 31 respondents from Sekolah Menengah Agama Nurul Islam, Kedah, and the cognitive improvement (knowledge (C1) and comprehension (C2) was assessed through the implementation of the pre-test and post-test methods. The data was analysed using descriptive analysis and a paired-sample t-test approach using SPSS software. The pre-test and post-test results demonstrated a positive impact, with a significant increase in the mean rate of 23.44%. This study concludes that the integration of geographical elements into Sirah learning through GeoSirah aid improves students' cognitive knowledge and comprehension of Sirah subjects, thereby enhancing their interest and enjoyment in the subject matter.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIOSCIENTIFIC ISSUES APPROACH AND DESIGN THINKING ON ENTREPRENEURIAL CREATIVE THINKING AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Arifin Sufirman , Nyet Moi Siew
Published: July 2024

The Socioscientific Issues Approach (SIA) engages students to study and connect science, daily life and society in the community. While Design Thinking (DT) encourages students to understand the needs of the local community regarding real-life problems, and then apply the knowledge to generate ideas for solutions. The integration of PIS and PRB in STEM teaching and learning is rarely documented in the literature. Thus, this research aimed to examine the effects of integrating SIA an DT approaches in STEM education on entrepreneurial creative thinking among rural secondary school students. A comprehensive instructional module was meticulously designed to facilitate teachers in implementing the SIA-DT framework, aimed at augmenting entrepreneurial creative thinking skills among Form Four students. A quasi-experimental quantitative study was conducted on 267 Form Four students enrolled in rural secondary schools in Tawau, Sabah. These students were randomly assigned to three groups: i) Socioscientific Issue and Design Thinking Integration (SSA-DT, n=89), ii) Design Thinking Approach (DT, n=90), and iii) Traditional Approach (TRD, n=88). The Entrepreneurial Creative Thinking Test (ECTT) instrument was developed and applied to measure pre- and post-intervention levels of entrepreneurial creative thinking. Rigorous statistical analyses employing MANCOVA, ANCOVA, and Effect Size techniques were conducted. MANCOVA results revealed statistically significant effects across all instructional groups, indicating the effects of the interventions in fostering entrepreneurial creative thinking. Furthermore, ANCOVA analysis results indicated that the SSA-DT method significantly fosters entrepreneurial creative thinking, investigation constructs, new ideas, design, creation, and commercialization compared to the DT and TRD methods. These findings support the view that the SSA-DT module has a positive impact on cultivating entrepreneurial creative thinking among students.
KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS OF GENERIC MEDICATIONS AMONG FINAL YEAR DIPLOMA IN PHARMACY STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Authors: Mohd Najib Mohd Nadzri , Othman Mohd Izani , Sulaiman Suraya , Ibrahim Nurul Alyaa
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The Diploma in Pharmacy programme in Malaysia equips students with the essential skills and knowledge to become proficient pharmacy assistants. Exploring their understanding of the knowledge and perceptions of generic medications is crucial for ensuring their readiness to contribute efficiently to healthcare settings. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenient sampling. This survey is designed to assess students' knowledge and perceptions of generic medications. Data was collected via Google Forms from final-year students undergoing hospital training in 13 hospitals across Malaysia. Results: The majority of participants demonstrated adequate knowledge about generic medications, scoring a mean of 3.62 (±0.537) on a 5-point Likert scale. Seventy percent of the students acknowledged the efficacy of generic medications as comparable to brand-name drugs. Moreover, students expressed confidence in distinguishing between brand-name and generic medicines, with 65.5% indicating perceived knowledge. Overall, students held positive perceptions regarding generic medications, scoring an average of 3.56 (±0.516) on the Likert scale. Conclusion: Final year Diploma in Pharmacy students in Malaysia exhibit satisfactory knowledge and positive perceptions of generic medications. This suggests that the curriculum effectively prepares students to understand and appreciate the existence of generic medication in healthcare settings. However, continuous education and reinforcement of the importance of generic medications could further help in enhancing students’ understanding and utilization of generic medications in the future.
RESEARCH ON THE ELEMENTS OF OCCUPATIONAL COMPETENCE OF HIGHER VOCATIONAL STUDENTS BASED ON DELPHI METHOD AND GROUNDED THEORY IN THE PRC
Authors: Othman Hasyamuddin , Shen Junfeng
Published: July 2024

Occupational competence (OC) is a matter of competitiveness in the future job market as well as the level of student development. However, in China there is a gap between the OC of higher vocational students (HVS) and the requirements of the industry, and graduates have a relatively low employment rate and lack the necessary skills and experience in the real world, requiring additional training and guidance in order to be qualified for their positions. The aim of this study is to explore the elements of OC of HVS and to provide a basis for educators to develop the OC of HVS. In order to achieve this goal, this paper uses 2 qualitative research methods, the Delphi method and Grounded Theory. Through purposeful sampling techniques, 12 experts from 3 regions, Jiangsu, Guangdong, and Zhejiang, including college administrators, corporate personnel, outstanding graduates, and government officials, were selected to help identify and extract the components of OC of HVS. The results of the study are based on 3 dimensions—learning and innovation, career and life, and character and literacy—composed of 15 sub-components and 35 items. It is recommended to apply the list of elements in practice and emphasize its important orientation in vocational education in order to improve the OC with the needs of enterprises and personal development.
ADAPTATION OF SYSTEMATIC APPROACH IN ADDIE MODEL TO DEVELOP WEB-BASED APPLICATION FOR TABUNG KHAIRAT KEMATIAN MANAGEMENT
Authors: Bohari Zubaidah , Khedif Lenny Yusrina Bujang , Abdul Talip Abdul Hadi , Putit Sulastri , Chachil Ketty , Salleh Siti Maliza
Published: July 2024

Khairat Kematian was founded to support the Malay Muslim community in Malaysia by offering assistance with funeral management for deceased members and their dependents. Nevertheless, the majority of managerial duties are carried out by the mosque committee members using traditional methods. All information is manually documented, and there is a lack of a formal reporting system on membership registration and the status of funeral donations. Therefore, the Web-Based Application on Tabung Khairat Kematian (TKK) Management was developed to improve the manual membership registration process and generate the status of funeral donations by transitioning to an online platform. Four main Google services: Google Forms, Google Sheets, Google Studio, and Google Sites, were utilized. The use of the ADDIE model, which consists of five distinct phases—analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation—in the process of developing a web-based application for Tabung Khairat Kematian (TKK) Management was explored in this article. Furthermore, a documented systematic approach was used in each phase of the ADDIE model, which could be useful as a guideline for future web-based application development.
Past, present, and future perspectives of ultrasound-guided ablation of liver tumors: Where could artificial intelligence lead interventional oncology?
Authors: Tombesi Paola , Cutini Andrea , Grasso Valentina , Di Vece Francesca , Politti Ugo , Capatti Eleonora , Labb Florence , Petaccia Stefano , Sartori Sergio
Published: July 2024

The first ablation procedures for small hepatocellular carcinomas were percutaneous ethanol injection under ultrasound (US) guidance. Later, radiofrequency ablation was shown to achieve larger coagulation areas than percutaneous ethanol injection and became the most used ablation technique worldwide. In the past decade, microwave ablation systems have achieved larger ablation areas than radiofrequency ablation, suggesting that the 3-cm barrier could be broken in the treatment of liver tumors. Likewise, US techniques to guide percutaneous ablation have seen important progress. Contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) can define and target the tumor better than US and can assess the size of the ablation area after the procedure, which allows immediate retreatment of the residual tumor foci. Furthermore, fusion imaging fuses real-time US images with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging with significant improvements in detecting and targeting lesions with low conspicuity on CEUS. Recently, software powered by artificial intelligence has been developed to allow three-dimensional segmentation and reconstruction of the anatomical structures, aiding in procedure planning, assessing ablation completeness, and targeting the residual viable foci with greater precision than CEUS. Hopefully, this could lead to the ablation of tumors up to 5-7 cm in size.
Neurodiseño Web y la experiencia del usuario. Análisis de un caso práctico: Zara
Authors: García Huertas Juan Gabriel , López de la Torre Lourdes
Published: July 2024

Introducción: se plantea que la neurociencia ofrece un marco teórico para entender y mejorar la interacción del usuario con los sitios web, influenciando sus decisiones y comportamientos. Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar si la aplicación de principios neurocientíficos al diseño web puede mejorar significativamente la experiencia del usuario, utilizando el sitio web de Zara como caso de estudio. Metodología: cualitativa y observacional, fundamentada en una revisión de la literatura y un análisis detallado del diseño y la funcionalidad de la página web de Zara. Las bases teóricas se construyen a partir de obras clave en neurociencia y neurodiseño, incluyendo los trabajos de Lisa Feldman Barrett y Daniel Kahneman. El análisis se centra en observar cómo los elementos de diseño, como las imágenes, la simplicidad visual y la organización de la información, afectan la percepción y el comportamiento del usuario. Resultados: revelan que la aplicación de principios neurocientíficos en el diseño web de Zara genera una experiencia de usuario positiva. Elementos como el uso de grandes imágenes editoriales y un diseño minimalista ayudan a captar y mantener la atención del usuario, promoviendo una navegación intuitiva y eficiente. Los mapas de calor indican que los usuarios focalizan su atención en áreas clave de la página, lo que sugiere una planificación cuidadosa del diseño para maximizar el impacto visual y emocional. Discusión y Conclusiones: se confirma que el neurodiseño aplicado a la web puede mejorar la experiencia del usuario y aumentar las conversiones. Se concluye que, aunque estas técnicas pueden ser altamente efectivas, es crucial aplicarlas de manera ética para evitar la manipulación del usuario. El estudio también destaca la necesidad de futuras investigaciones que integren herramientas neurocientíficas más avanzadas, como el “eye tracking”, para validar y extender estos hallazgos. Finalmente, se reconoce que, aunque el neurodiseño ofrece un gran potencial, su implementación debe equilibrar los beneficios para el usuario y los objetivos comerciales de la empresa.
Applanation Ultrasound versus Optical Biometry in the measurement of Axial Length in a Normal Eye
Authors: Arsh Zahoor  , M. Azam Khan  , Irfan Aslam Khattak  , Ayisha Shakeel  , Maria Saleem  , Shaista Haider
Published: July 2024

Objectives
Accurate measurement of the axial length (AL) of the eye is important to make sure that the patient is emmetropic postoperatively. Multiple studies conducted around the globe compare AL using optical and ultrasound biometry. However, results are still inconclusive, as some studies stated that there is no difference in both modalities, whereas other studies considered optical biometry to be more superior. We aim to compare AL measurements using applanation ultrasound and optical biometry AL Scan, in Islamabad, in order to find out which modality is more superior.
Methods
This was a prospective cross-sectional study that was conducted at the department of Ophthalmology, PAF Hospital, E9 Islamabad. The study was conducted over a period of eight months, from April to November 2023. Participants were enrolled using non-probability, consecutive sampling. The axial length of each eye was measured by both optical and ultrasound biometer.
Results
There were 80 eyes of 40 participants including both males (77.5%) and females (22.5%) aged between 16-58 years. The axial length using the optical biometer showed a greater value ranging from 22.01 to 30.18mm with a mean value of 23.89 ± 1.31mm whereas the axial length measured using applanation ultrasound was 21.62 to 30.00mm with a mean of 23.53 ± 1.29mm. The mean difference between both was 0.36 ± 0.21mm which was statistically significant (P <0.005).
Conclusion
There is a statistically significant difference between the mean readings of the AL measured by the IOL master and ultrasound biometer, so both the devices cannot be used interchangeably.
Noise mechanism clarification in external-modulation Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry with double-sideband modulator
Authors: Ozaki Kouta , Kikuchi Keita , Zhu Guangtao , Noda Kohei , Yao Yuguo , Lu Yuangang , Jha Rajan , Lee Heeyoung , Mizuno Yosuke
Published: July 2024

Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry (BOCDR) allows for relatively high spatial resolution and random accessibility with single-end light injection into the sensing fiber. Typically, BOCDR relies on directly modulating the laser diode’s driving current, which facilitates sinusoidal frequency modulation for distributed sensing but also introduces unintended power modulation that can degrade performance. To address these power variations, external-modulation BOCDR using a double-sideband modulator has been developed. However, this method generates substantial noise, overpowering the Brillouin signal and impeding accurate strain and temperature measurements. This study clarifies the previously unexplained noise mechanisms and suggests system design optimizations to mitigate their impact.
PENGARUH PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) DALAM LAPORAN TAHUNAN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM DENGAN LABA PERUSAHAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan yang Listing Di BEI periode 2009 â€“ 2013)
Authors: Sjamsi Nurus , Nosita Firda , Zagladi Arief Noviarakhman
Published: July 2024

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh Pengungkapan CSR dalam laporan Tahunan perusahaan terhadap harga saham dengan laba sebagai variabel mediasi. Studi dilakukan terhadap perusahan yang listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2009-2013 yang secara terus menerus melaporkan program CSR nya. Penentuan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling, kriteria sampel dipilih adalah semua perusahaan yang listing di BEI secara terus menerus selama periode Tahun 2009 â€“ 2013 berjumlah delapan perusahaan. Analisis data terhadap Model Struktural menggunakan metode analisis Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan bantuan aplikasi Software SmartPLS versi 2.0.M3. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa : (1) Pengungkapan CSR dalam laporan tahunan yang terdiri atas biaya pemantauan lingkungan, biaya pemantauan produk, biaya kesejahteraan dan biaya masyarakat berpengaruh terhadap laba perusahaan; (2) Pengungkapan CSR dalam laporan tahunan yang terdiri atas biaya pemantauan lingkungan, biaya pemantauan produk, biaya kesejahteraan dan biaya masyarakat berpengaruh terhadap harga saham perusahaan, dan (3) Laba perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham perusahaan atau laba (profit) tidak memediasi pengaruh pengungkapan CSR dalam laporan tahunan terhadap harga saham.Â Kata Kunci : Corporate Social Resposibility, Laba (Profit) dan Harga Saham
PERENCANAAN TATA KERJA DAN KOORDINASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS BINA MARGA KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Bahwiyanti Jaya
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This study aimed to determine planning and coordination procedures to improve employee performance Highways Agency Banjarmasin, and solutions to overcome obstacles related to planning and coordination of work in improvingemployee performance Highways Agency Banjarmasin. The method used in thisstudy is the evaluation. The population in this study is the Departemen ofhighways employee Banjarmasin many as 73 people analyzed qualitatively. Theresults showed 1) planning and coordination at the working procedures of theDepartement of Highways Banjarmasin in improving employee performanceincludes activities intoor out of, looks not show maximum results, 2) constraintplanning and coordination of work by the Highways Agency in Banjarmasinimproving the effectiveness of such: a)Lack of human resources quantity asemployees tasked with administration and operational techniques to handle thedevelopment of physical development in the city of Banjarmasin, b) lack ofeducation and training obtained by an employee who handles tackle the economic problems in the development physical area. While the office is related to external factors such as: a)Lack of informant and data to the importance of the development of physical development in the city of Banjarmasin and, b) lackof cooperation between departments / againces that are competent.Keywords: Planning, Coordination and PerformanceAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan tata kerja dankoordinasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai Dinas Bina Marga KotaBanjarmasin, dan solusi yang menyangkutperencanaan tata kerja dan koordinasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja pegawai Dinas Bina Marga Kota Banjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah evaluasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Pegawai Dinas Bina Marga Kota Banjarmasin sebanyak 75 orang dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) perencanaan tata kerja dan koordinasi pada Dinas Bina Marga Kota Banjarmasin dalam meningkatkan Kinerja Pegawai meliputi kegiatan kedalam maupun keluar, terlihat belum menunjukkan hasil yang maximal, 2) solusi yang diberikan untuk meningkatkan kinerja seperti: a) kurangnya kuantitas sumber daya manusia sebagai pegawai yang diberi tugas secara administrative maupun teknis operasional menanggani pengembangan pembangunan fisikkota Banjarmasin, b) kurangnya kerja sama antar Dinas / Instansi yang berkompeten.Kata Kunci : Perencanaan, Koordinasi Dan Kinerja
Epidemiología de la hepatitis C en Colombia
Authors: Hoyos Orrego Alvaro , Vanegas Arroyave Nora , Páez Zapata Erika
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: realizar una revisión de la epidemiología del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) en Colombia y una actualización de sus aspectos clínico epidemiológicos.
Fuentes de los datos: se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos como Medline y Lilacs, buscadores en la red como Google, APIC y Scirus, la página en la red de los Centros para el Control de Enfermedades (CDC), incluyendo, el Reporte Semanal de Morbilidad y Mortalidad (MMWR). La búsqueda se restringió a las palabras claves "Hepatitis C + Colombia" y "Actualización + Hepatitis C" en inglés y en español. Se revisaron referencias citadas en artículos seleccionados y se buscó manualmente en las principales revistas médicas, resúmenes de artículos y congresos colombianos. Lo anterior se limitó a lo publicado en los últimos diez años en Colombia.
Selección de los artículos: se seleccionaron todos los artículos que hacían referencia exclusivamente a la epidemiología del VHC en Colombia y para la actualización clínico epidemiológica, los artículos de revisión más representativos de las principales revistas médicas internacionales y algunos trabajos originales que cumplieran con los objetivos de la revisión. De 65 artículos analizados se seleccionaron 42.
Extracción de los datos: los artículos se clasificaron de acuerdo con su metodología. Se analizó el diseño, los resultados, las conclusiones y los sesgos de cada uno de los trabajos originales y se comparó la información de los artículos de actualización.
Síntesis de datos: luego de analizar la información se encontró que en Colombia no se conoce la prevalencia de la infección por el VHC en la población general y sólo existen estudios que informan seroprevalencias en pequeños grupos poblacionales considerados de riesgo y en donantes de sangre, los cuales en conjunto no reflejan la real situación epidemiológica.
Conclusiones: los datos informados en Colombia sugieren que la infección por el VHC puede ser un problema serio. Es necesario un estudio poblacional que determine la prevalencia y algunos de los principales factores de riesgo en la población general, ya que los datos informados en otras áreas geográficas del mundo no pueden ser extrapolados a nuestro medio con ligereza.
MULHERES NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO
Authors: Glasenapp Sirlei , Fávero Lara Ferreira , Bressa Laurine , Traverso Luciana Davi , Maciel Jéssica Da Silva
Published: July 2024

Considerando-se que cada vez mais se discute a importância da figura feminina na sociedade em seus inúmeros papéis, incluindo sua participação no mercado de trabalho, o presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção das mulheres que atuam em empresas de varejo de material de construção, identificando as questões de gênero que influenciam no desenvolvimento de suas atividades num contexto de predomínio masculino. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, descritiva, aplicada nas lojas de materiais de construção em Santa Maria (RS). A amostra é composta por 28 colaboradoras que trabalham em cinco empresas de materiais de construção desta cidade. A análise dos dados foi realizada de forma quantitativa e, para tanto, foi utilizado o software IBM SPSS Statistics 20®. Identificou-se que 39,29% das mulheres pesquisadas afirmam que as empresas não possuem cargos e funções específicas destinadas a mulheres. Além disso, destaca-se a falta de representatividade de mulheres em alguns cargos, podendo essa realidade ser modificada com novas políticas de carreira que incentivem a inserção de mulheres em cargos de chefia.
Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 in banana plantations in Türkiye
Authors: ÖZARSLANDAN Mümine , AKGÜL Davut Soner
Published: July 2024

important disease for banana production. Presence and prevalence of FocTR4 in banana plantations on the Mediterranean coast of Türkiye were assessed during 2018 to 2020 in a total of 117 banana plantations in open fields and protected plastic greenhouses. Rhizome, pseudostem, and root samples were taken from plants showing typical symptoms associated to the disease and from suspected affected plants. Fungi were isolated from the plant internal tissues, and Fusarium oxysporum-like colonies were sub-cultured for further analyses. Phylogenetic analyses of 36 isolates showed that they belonged to four different Fusarium species: F. musae, F. oxysporum, F. sacchari, and F. solani. Eight representative F. oxysporum isolates were identified as FocTR4 by specific PCR and qPCR tests. Pathogenicity tests were carried out on tissue-cultured ‘Cavendish’ type banana seedlings (‘Grand Naine’) for 36 Fusarium isolates, and their virulence was assessed based on the internal necrosis observed in the rhizomes. Approx. 40 to 65 d after inoculations, FocTR4, F. oxysporum, and F. sacchari isolates caused severe to mild necroses in the seedling rhizomes. This is the first report of F. sacchari associated with root and collar rot of bananas in Türkiye. This study showed that Fusarium wilt caused by FocTR4 is present, but at low incidence (6.8%) in Turkish banana plantations.
Characteristics of Project-Based Learning Models on the Project to Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profiles at Muhammadiyah School
Authors: Zaenab Siti , Chamisijatin Lise , Wahyudi Muhammad Dheo Refaldo , Pratama Diaz Candra
Published: July 2024

The Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile utilized a Project-based Learning (PjBL) approach, distinguishing it from intracurricular PjBL programs. The implementation of this project in schools remains complex due to its novelty and the ongoing search for an effective model for planning, implementation, and evaluation. The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to describe the implementation of the PjBL model in the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile at a Muhammadiyah junior high school in Batu City, (2) to describe the development of the Pancasila Student Profile after the implementation of the PjBL model in the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile, and (3) to outline the challenges faced by the school and their corresponding solutions in implementing the PjBL model in the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile. This research adopted a descriptive and qualitative approach. Data collection techniques encompassed in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The findings revealed that: (1) the implementation of the PjBL model in the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile commenced with material mastery, followed by project execution, and concluded with a celebration, (2) the students demonstrated good character development in alignment with the Pancasila Student Profile, which consists of six competencies formulated as key dimensions, and (3) the encountered challenges in implementing the PjBL model in the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile included difficulties in determining the appropriate time for implementing the P5 Project due to the teachers' busy schedules. In conclusion, the activities of the Project for Strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile, utilizing the PjBL approach, have been successfully carried out and have led to the formation of the Pancasila student profile, although there have been implementation obstacles. The best practices observed at Muhammadiyah Middle School in Batu City can serve as an inspiration for other Muhammadiyah schools and private institutions. Widespread implementation of such practices poses a challenge for future researchers.
Virulent Attack: Role-Playing Learning Media to Enhance Student’s Cognitive Learning Outcomes
Authors: Zahrah Natasya Adiba , Setiawan Deny , Zubaidah Siti
Published: July 2024

The cognitive learning outcomes of 10th-grade students at SMA Islam Malang regarding the concept of viruses are low. This is due to the perception among students that the virus concept is difficult to grasp, and the learning methods employed tend to be monotonous. Consequently, the aim of this study is to develop and assess the effectiveness of 'Virulent Attack' - a role-playing learning media adapted from the popular game Werewolf - in improving the cognitive learning outcomes of high school students in understanding the virus concept. Following the ADDIE development model, the study involved 29 X-D students from SMA Islam Malang who had no prior knowledge of the virus concept. The validation test was conducted by three experts (one material expert, one media expert, and one biology teacher) using a validation sheet questionnaire. The practicality test was carried out by students during the trial stages, and one educational practitioner provided feedback through a response questionnaire. The effectiveness test was evaluated by comparing students' pretest and posttest scores on cognitive learning outcomes, which were analyzed using the N-Gain score criteria. The findings indicate that 'Virulent Attack' is highly valid (material expert: 100%, media expert: 94.64%, biology teacher: 96.68%), practical (average score: 90.58%), and moderately effective in improving cognitive outcomes (N-Gain score: 0.66, effectiveness: 66.55%). Importantly, the game provided a positive learning experience, increased motivation, and facilitated a deeper conceptual understanding, suggesting its potential application in real-world educational contexts. These findings not only highlight the value of role-playing games in educational settings but also have practical implications for incorporating such media into biology curricula to enhance engagement and understanding.
Watershed-Based Participatory Sustainable Land Management using Integrated physical SWC Measure in Ilasa Watershed of Goba District, Bale Highland South-Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetu Mulugeta , Ketama Tesfaye , Abegeja Daniel , Getachow Girma , Gosa Regassa
Published: July 2024

Soil erosion is among the most challenging and continuous environmental problems in the highlands of Bale particularly in Ilasa Watershed of Goba District. Soil erosion which emanates from both anthropogenic and natural causes currently results decline in agricultural productivity, crop production on the other hand increases downstream flooding and reservoir sedimentation, and loss of valuable plant nutrients. Soil and water conservation (SWC) practices have been carried out to solve land degradation and erosion severity problems in the Ilasa Watershed through participatory approaches the objective of this study was to implement integrated physical SWC practices through participatory approach in the Ilasa watersheds; to rehabilitate degraded watershed using different physical SWC measures and to minimize the risk of soil erosion and increasing soil depth by trapping sediment loss from Ilasa watershed. Hence, different participatory integrated watershed management practices were introduced in the Ilasa watershed for five consecutive years to avert the problem of soil erosion. Community participatory in integrated watershed management particularly soil and water conservation measures interventions for degraded rehabilitation and gulley treatment were capacitated through training, practical field works, and researchable materials support. Awareness creation, increasing knowledge and skill of farmers, providing technical and resource supports, and implementing slope based appropriate SWC structure could help sustainable land management that ensures environmental quality and food security in the study area as well as in the other areas having related biophysical and socioeconomic settings. Among the major types of physical SWC structures and gulley rehabilitation structures constructed in the study watershed were soil bund; stone bund; stone-faced soil bund and cut-off drains, gully reshaping and filling, brushwood check dam, loose stone check dame, sandbag check dam ...
Solar Dermatitli Van Kedilerinde Hematolojik Parametrelerin ve İmmunglobulin Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Sarımuratoğlu Özlem , Kaya Abdullah
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma solar dermatitli Van kedilerinde hematolojik parametreler ve immunglobulin düzeylerinin araştırılması amacıyla yapıldı. Bu çalışmanın hayvan materyalini Van Kedisi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi’nde bulunan, farklı yaş (3-15 yaş) ve cinsiyete sahip, yapılan muayeneler sonucunda “Solar Dermatitis” teşhisi konulan 20 Van kedisi ile görünürde herhangi bir hastalığı bulunmayan 7 kedi oluşturdu. Hasta ve sağlıklı kedilerden V. cephalica’dan kan örnekleri alındı. Solar dermatitli Van kedilerinin THR (trombosit) ve Pct (trombosit platekriti) (p
Çöven Ekstraktı, Tahin, Saponin ve Sesaminin Tip 2 Diyabetik Farelerde Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametreler Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Parlak Tuğba Melike , Traş Bünyamin
Published: July 2024

Çalışmanın amacı farelerde deneysel olarak oluşturulan tip 2 diyabetes mellitus (T2DM)’de sesamin, saponin, sesamin+saponin, tahin, çöven ektsraktı ve tahin+çöven ektsraktı uygulamalarının aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), kan üre nitrojen (BUN) ve kreatinin düzeylerine etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmada 48 adet Swiss albino erkek fare kullanıldı. Sekiz adet fare sağlıklı kontrol (SK) grubu için ayrıldıktan sonra diğer hayvanlarda yüksek yağlı besleme ve streptozotosin (STZ) uygulaması yapılarak T2DM oluşturuldu. T2DM oluşturulan 42 adet fare 7 gruba ayrılarak diyabet kontrol (DK), sesamin (D+SS), saponin (D+SP), sesamin+saponin (D+SS+SP), tahin (D+T), çöven ekstraktı (D+Ç) ve tahin+çöven ekstraktı (D+T+Ç) 2 hafta süresince uygulandı. Deney süresi sonunda anestezi altında kanları alınarak serum örnekleri toplanan fareler ötenazi edildi. Serum AST, ALT, BUN ve kreatinin düzeyleri otoanalizörde ölçüldü. AST düzeyi D+SP grubunda yüksek (p<0.05), D+SP, D+T ve DK gruplarında ise birbiri ile benzer bulundu (p>0.05). SK grubu AST düzeyi ise DK, D+SP, D+SS+SP ve D+T gruplarından düşük belirlendi (p<0.05). DK ile D+SP grupları ALT düzeyleri birbiri ile benzer bulunurken (p>0.05), diğer araştırma gruplarından farklı tespit edildi (p<0.05). SK ile DK grupları BUN değerleri birbirleri ile benzer bulunurken (p>0.05), iki grubun BUN değerlerinin diğer gruplardan farklı olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). SK, DK, D+SP ve D+T gruplarının kreatinin düzeyleri birbirleri ile benzer (p>0.05) olarak tespit edilirken, diğer gruplardan farklı olduğu gözlendi (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak uygulanan maddelerin T2DM’de karaciğer ve böbrek fonksiyonu üzerine olumlu etkileri olabileceği ifade edilebilir.
Coadministration of Novel Analgesic Isovaline with Tramadol Reduces Inflammatory Pain Response in Rats
Authors: Öksüz Gözen , Mert Tufan , Yaman Selma , Arslan Mahmut , Kılınç Metin , Seringeç Akkeçeci Nurten
Published: July 2024

Aim: Isovaline is a new and promising analgesic with an antinociceptive effect and, unlike µ-opioid agonists, interacts with aminobutyric acid receptors without causing sedation or respiratory depression. In this study, we compare the effect on thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia coadministration of subcutaneous isovaline and tramadol with individual administrations in a carrageenan-induced hind paw inflammatory pain model in rats.
Methods: In this study, isovaline, tramadol, and the combination of isovaline and tramadol were subcutaneously administered to rats with carrageenan-induced inflammation of the hind paws. Hyperalgesia in response to thermal stimuli and allodynia in response to mechanic stimuli were assessed by using a thermal plantar test and a dynamic plantar aesthesiometer, respectively.
Results: The administration of subcutaneous isovaline 400mg/kg and tramadol 4mg/ kg combination effect was higher than the other groups on latencies and thresholds (P
Are three different lipid combinations effective on the immune system in sepsis patients?
Authors: Küçükbingöz Çağatay , Dündar Yenilmez Ebru , Ilgınel Murat Türkeün , Laflı Tunay Demet , Gündüz Murat
Published: July 2024

Objective: We aimed to to analyze the effect of the 3 different parenteral nutritions (MCT/LCT (long and midium chain fatty acids), LCT with omega-9 (ω-9) and MCT/LCT with ω-3 and ω-9 on the inflamatory cytokine levels in sepsis patients. This is the first study from the Southern part of Turkey.
Patients and Methods: We included 30 patients, diagnosed with sepsis and took total parenteral nutrition in this study. Patients were divided into 3 randomized groups in terms of what parenteral nutrition have been taken. (Group A, B and C) Blood samples were taken and TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 levels were evaluated. Adverse effects were recorded. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels of were analyzed by ELISA method and each sample were studied in dublicate.
Results: The median age of the patients included in the study was 52 and 24 (80%) of them were male. The SOFA score was 5 in study group. We examined IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α distribution on the day of the first, third and fifth days depending on time. The inflamatory cytokine levels were not found statistically significant (p > 0.05) when we compared the study groups via 3 different parenteral nutritions.
Conclusion: When we compare MCT/LCT, LCT/ω-9 and MCT/LCT, ω-3, ω-9 which are given as a component of total parenteral nutrition we concluded that there was no superiority to others in terms of proinflamatory cytokin levels in sepsis and they didn’t increase proinflamatory cytokins. There is a need for more randomized controlled studies investigating the effect of lipids on the course of the disease in sepsis patients who cannot receive enteral nutrition and require TPN support.
Application of Deep Learning in Predictive Maintenance of Aircraft Engines
Authors: Dube Aryaa
Published: July 2024

The performance and dependability of aircraft engines are vital to the aviation sector, which is a key pillar of the world economy. Ensuring the seamless functioning of these engines is crucial for both economic efficiency and safety. While reactive and preventative maintenance are examples of traditional maintenance systems, they have limits of their own. Preventive maintenance can save costs by avoiding needless inspections and part replacements, whereas reactive maintenance frequently results in unplanned outages. In this regard, deep learning-powered predictive maintenance shows up as a ground-breaking method for raising the dependability and effectiveness of aircraft engines.
Predictive maintenance, or PdM, uses a variety of data sources to monitor the state of the equipment and make maintenance recommendations. Instead of using preset plans or scheduling maintenance after a breakdown has occurred, this technique seeks to prevent failures and optimize schedules depending on the actual state of the equipment. Deep learning (DL), a branch of machine learning, is modeling complicated patterns in huge datasets by using multiple-layered artificial neural networks (thus the term "deep"). It is very effective at time-series data analysis, picture identification, and natural language processing, which makes it appropriate for predictive maintenance jobs involving substantial volumes of sensor data.