bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KERAGAMAN MORFOLOGI Hoya purpureofusca Hook.f. ASAL TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Tyas Kartika Ning , Wawangningrum Hary
Published: October 2019

Hoya purpureofusca Hook.f. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) has been used as an ornamental plant and the international trade of this species has become increasing. This species has restricted distribution on the high elevation of Java and Bali mountains. This epiphyte climber has succulent leaves and umbellate delicate flowers. Flower has star shape, succulent and waxy, purple., c.1 cm in diameter. The observation on the morphological characteristic is aimed to select the best sample for ornamental plant. The total of 17 observed samples were obtained from three populations at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. The selection was based on the node length, size of the leaves, and flower number, size and color. The result showed that P01 from Cibodas could be developed as leaf ornamental plant, because its shortest node and small leaves. SP1 from Selabintana could be developed as flower ornamental plant, it has numerous, larger and deep purple flower. SP1 and P01 have the farest relatives distance among all observed accessions, but still have a similarity of 75%.
PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI SEL MAMALIA CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY (CHO) UNTUK PRODUKSI OBAT BERBASIS PROTEIN
Authors: Santoso Adi
Published: October 2019

Chinese hamsters ovary (CHO) and its derivative such as CHO-DXB11 cells, CHO-K1, CHO-DG44 and CHO-S are mammalian cells that are often used for production of therapeutic protein drugs. The CHO cells often used for protein production have several advantages including 1) host cells that are safe to use in drug production, 2) the level of production of proteins produced can be increased by amplifying genes using methotrexate (MTX), 3) having the capacity to make post-translation modificationsand 4) CHO cells can be adapted to grow in suspension. The high need for protein-based drugs triggers the development of basic knowledge and innovation in production of recombinant proteins. The impressive technological advances in CHO cell technology have made these cells can be used to produce proteins around 10 g/liter in order to meet the market demand. The first protein successfully produced using CHO mammalian cells was the therapeutic Tissue Plasminogen Activator (r-tPA, Activase) protein used for stroke patients. The presence of this drug is quickly followed by several other types of drugs. In this review, history of development of CHO cells, the contribution of CHO cells to basic research, progress of effective line cell screening and development technology are discussed.
Biological control of rice sheath blight disease with formulation of indigenous Trichoderma strains under paddy field conditions
Authors: Naeimi Shahram , Khosravi Vahid , Nouri Mohammad-Zaman , Hoda Hassan , Vágvölgyi Csaba , Kredics László
Published: October 2019

The effectiveness of indigenous Trichoderma strains in preventing sheath blight disease was evaluated during two growing seasons under paddy field conditions. Broom sorghum seeds were used for mass production of Trichoderma strains. Colonized seeds were ground to powder and mixed with talc and carboxymethyl cellulose. Suspensions were made from the bioformulations and sprayed onto rice plants. Effects of Trichoderma strains on disease incidence and severity as well as yield and other growth parameters were determined and compared with a chemical fungicide and a commercial biofungicide. A combined analysis of variance across two years was performed and a statistically significant effect of year, treatment and their interaction was reported. Results indicate that environmental factors and different biological fungicides had a strong effect on disease development under natural conditions. According to the results, propiconazole and T. harzianum AS12-2 resulted in the least disease severity and incidence. Overall, the efficacy of T. harzianum AS12-2 in reducing sheath blight development was significantly better than other Trichoderma treatments and was comparable to the conventional fungicide.
Optimization of the production of xylanases in corncob-based media by Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma longibrachiatum using Taguchi approach
Authors: Elegbede Joseph Adetunji , Lateef Agbaje
Published: October 2019

Xylanases are important in producing several commercially valued bioproducts. In this study, xylanases were produced by Aspergillus niger L3 and Trichoderma longibrachiatum L2 using corncob, an agricultural waste, as sole carbon source. The impact of important fermentation parameters at individual and interactive levels were studied using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. Substantial variation in enzyme synthesis was observed among designated factor levels. The optimal conditions to produce xylanases were 20% inoculum size, 24 h fermentation time, substrate concentration of 15 g/l at pH 5.5 for A. niger L3; and inoculum size 12.5%, 72 h fermentation time, substrate concentration of 15 g/l at pH 5.5 for T. longibrachiatum L2. Validation of outcomes of the optimal combination of parameters resulted in a significant improvement of approximately 208.09 and 192.59% in the yield of xylanase by A. niger L3 (28.69 to 88.39 U/ml) and T. longibrachiatum L2 (22.13 to 64.75 U/ml), respectively. The study therefore established the optimal valorization of corncob to produce xylanase by the fungal isolates.
Hubungan Awitan Pengobatan Hipotiroid Kongenital dengan Gangguan Perkembangan Anak di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin
Authors: Pratama Adhitya Agung , Chairulfatah Alex , Novina Novina , Faisal Faisal , Fadlyana Eddy
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang. Hipotiroid kongenital (HK) adalah kondisi kekurangan hormon tiroid, tiroksin, dan tri-iodotironina sejak lahir yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan organogenesis sistem saraf pusat serta metabolisme tubuh. Penderita HK yang tidak diterapi dapat berlanjut menjadi individu dengan gangguan perkembangan. Data di Indonesia dari Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (IDAI) sejak tahun 2000-2013, angka kejadian HK pada bayi baru lahir sebanyak 1:2736. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan awitan pengobatan dengan gangguan perkembangan pada anak dengan HK.Metode. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang yang dilakukan periode bulan Agustus–November 2018. Subjek HK datang kontrol ke klinik rawat jalan endokrin dan tumbuh kembang RS. Hasan Sadikin, berusia <36 bulan dan mendapat terapi levotiroksin, dilakukan penilaian perkembangan dengan pemeriksaan Denver dan CAT/ CLAMS (cognitive adaptive test/ clinical linguistic auditory milestone scale). Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-kuadrat dan Mann Whitney (p<0,05). Hasil. Terdapat 92 kasus HK, 12 dieksklusi, subjek terdiri dari 38 laki-laki dan 42 perempuan dengan rerata usia diagnosis 3,0 bulan (0,5–22,0 bulan). Didapatkan adanya hubungan usia saat diagnosis dan awitan pengobatan dengan gangguan perkembangan (p<0,001). Usia saat diagnosis dan awitan pengobatan >3 bulan lebih banyak mengalami gangguan perkembangannya.Kesimpulan. Pasien HK yang terlambat didiagnosis dan diberikan terapi akan mengalami gangguan perkembangan yang lebih banyak.
Peningkatan Kadar Feritin Serum Memiliki Korelasi Negatif dengan Kadar High Density Lipoprotein pada Anak Penyandang Thalassemia Beta Mayor
Authors: Rosdiana Nelly , Nasir Christian
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang. Komplikasi dari thalassemia beta mayor disebabkan akumulasi zat besi yang diukur melalui pemeriksaan feritin. Penyandang thalassemia beta mayor juga mengalami gangguan profil lipid akibat kelebihan zat besi. Namun, penelitian mengenai hubungan mengenai feritin dengan profil lipid masih terbatas dan berbeda-beda hasilnya. Tujuan. Mengetahui pengaruh kadar feritin serum terhadap kadar profil lipid pada anak penyandang thalassemia beta mayorMetode. Penelitian berupa studi analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang, menganalisis korelasi antara kadar feritin serum dengan profil lipid (kolesterol total, trigliserida, HDL, dan LDL) pada anak penyandang thalassemia beta mayor. Dilakukan pada bulan Januari – April 2018. Uji statistik menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Tingkat kemaknaan dinyatakan dengan p < 0.05.Hasil. Subjek 49 orang, rentang usia 1,6-17,9 tahun. Jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan (55%). Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara kadar feritin serum dengan kadar HDL (r=-0,317, p= 0,026). Tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna antara kadar feritin serum dengan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, dan LDL ( p <0.05).Kesimpulan.Terdapat korelasi negatif yang bermakna antara kadar feritin serum dengan kadar HDL pada penyandang thalassemia beta mayor.
Efektivitas Pemberian Nutrisi Enteral Eksklusif terhadap Induksi Remisi Penyakit Crohn
Authors: Kadim Muzal , Sutantio Jennie Dianita
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang. Pemberian nutrisi enteral eksklusif (NEE) direkomendasikan sebagai terapi lini pertama induksi remisi penyakit Chron pada anak. Namun, terdapat perbedaan aplikasi terapi di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia. Tujuan. Mengetahui efektivitas terapi NEE dibanding kortikosteroid untuk induksi remisi penyakit Crohn pada anak.Metode. Pencarian artikel dilakukan melalui basis data PubMed dan Cochrane dengan kata kunci yang sesuai. Seleksi dilakukan sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Telaah kritis dilakukan dengan evaluasi validity, importance, dan applicability. Hasil. Dua artikel berupa studi meta-analisis dan uji klinis acak terkontrol didapatkan dari hasil pencarian. Meta-analisis terhadap 3 studi menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna kedua terapi terhadap induksi remisi (OR 1,31, IK 95% 0,68-2,53). Uji klinis acak terkontrol juga menunjukkan hal yang serupa (NEE 100% vs kortikosteroid 83%), tetapi didapatkan penyembuhan mukosa yang bermakna pada kelompok NEE (89%) dibanding kortikosteroid (17%). Kesimpulan. Pemberian NEE sama efektif dengan kortikosteroid untuk induksi remisi penyakit Crohn pada anak. Namun, pemberian NEE perlu direkomendasikan karena efek penyembuhan mukosa yang lebih baik.
Kualitas Hidup Anak dengan Hemofilia di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Authors: Agasani Febrini , Soedjatmiko Soedjatmiko , Windiastuti Endang
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang. Hemofilia merupakan salah satu penyakit kronik yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup. Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalensi, gangguan kualitas hidup, kesesuaian kualitas hidup berdasarkan laporan anak dan laporan orangtua serta pengaruh faktor medis terhadap kualitas hidup anak hemofilia di RSCM.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang pada pasien hemofilia usia 5-18 tahun di Poliklinik Hematologi Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSCM selama September-Desember 2016. Pengisian kuesioner PedsQLTM 4.0 dilakukan dengan wawancara. Faktor risiko dianalisis secara multivariat. Hasil. Gangguan kualitas hidup menurut laporan anak 52,9% (rerata 64,37±11,75) dan menurut orangtua 60,8% (rerata 64,37±13,87) dari total 102 anak hemofilia. Dimensi yang paling terganggu adalah dimensi fisik menurut kelompok 5-7 tahun, sedangkan menurut kelompok 8-18 tahun adalah dimensi fisik dan sekolah. Terdapat ketidaksesuaian antara laporan kualitas hidup anak dan orangtua pada kelompok usia 5-7 tahun. Kekakuan sendi merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya gangguan kualitas hidup menurut laporan anak (p=0,005, RP 4,335, IK 95% 1,550-12,126) dan orangtua (p=0,04, RP 2,902, IK 95% 1,052-8,007).Kesimpulan. Terdapat 52,9% (laporan anak) dan 60,8% (laporan orangtua) anak hemofilia yang kualitas hidupnya terganggu. Kekakuan sendi merupakan faktor yang paling memengaruhi kualitas hidup. Untuk menilai kualitas hidup anak usia 5-7 tahun diperlukan laporan anak dan orangtuanya, sedangkan anak usia 8-18 tahun cukup laporan anak atau orangtua saja.
Perbandingan Efektifitas Antara Monoterapi Empiris Seftazidime dan Sefepim Pada Anak Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut dengan Demam Neutropenia
Authors: Suryaningrat Filla Reviyani , Primadi Aris , Chairulfatah Alex
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang. Demam neutropenia pada leukemia limfoblastik akut (LLA) termasuk kegawatan onkologi yang harus mendapatkan tatalaksana segera berupa pemberian antibiotik tanpa menunggu hasil kultur. Saat ini, seftazidim dan sefepim digunakan sebagai monoterapi empiris demam neutropenia di Divisi Hemato-Onkologi Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin. Namun, hingga saat ini, efektifitas kedua antibiotik tersebut tidak pernah dinilai.Tujuan. Studi ini bermaksud untuk membandingkan efektifitas seftazidim dan sefepim sebagai monoterapi empiris pada pasien demam neutropenia anak dengan LLA.Metode. Uji acak terkendali dilakukan terhadap pasien LLA anak dengan demam neutropenia pada bulan Maret 2017 hingga Maret 2018 di Rumah sakit Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Seftazidim dan sefepim diberikan secara konsekutif sebagai monoterapi empiris. Turunnya demam, peningkatan absolute neutophyl count (ANC) dan penurunan C-reactive protein (CRP) pada hari ke-3,5, dan 7 digunakan sebagai parameter efektivitas terapi.Hasil. Sebanyak 48 pasien mengikuti penelitian hingga selesai. Seftazidim dan sefepim diberikan masing-masing pada 28 dan 20 pasien. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna secara statistik pada usia, jenis kelamin dan keparahan penyakit pada kedua grup (p=0,908, p=0,251, p=0,507). Pada kelompok seftazidim terjadi penurunan demam pada hari ke-2, 3-4, 5-6 and >7 ditemukan sebanyak 15 (53,6%), 4 (14,3%), 1 (3,6%), 8 (28,6%) pasien, sedangkan pada kelompok sefepim masing-masing ditemukan pada 12 (60%), 4 (20%), 0, dan 4 (20%) pasien (p=0,638, p=0,442, p=0,583 p=0,449). Nilai rata-rata ANC pada awal 315,4 (154,2) pada grup seftazidim dan 276,2 (292,3) pada grup sefepim (p=0,778). Sebagian besar pasien pada kedua grup mencapai ANC>500 pada hari 5 (x=773 (1603,8) dan x=840 (979,8), (p=0,664). Nilai CRP awal mengalami sedikit peningkatan dari nilai normal, tidak berbeda signifikan secara statistik (x=8,80 (6,28) CI 0,3−28,1 dan 13,62 (10,57) CI 0,5−35,3; p=0,193). Nilai CRP menurun pada kedua grup pada hari ke-7 (x=7,84 (6,82), CI 0,5−25 dan 8,15 (9,39) CI 0,1−36,7; p=0,618)Kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa seftazidim dan sefepim memiliki efektifitas yang sama sebagai monoterapi empiris pada pasien LLA anak dengan demam neutropenia. Pemilihan antibiotik dengan mempertimbangkan ketersediaan obat, biaya, dan efek samping.
237  Increased Polyp Detection Using a Novel 360 Degree Integrated View Colonoscope in Colon Models
Authors: Hoerter Nicholas , Gross Seth
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Colorectal cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the world. Incidence has declined as rates of screening colonoscopy have increased, but colonoscopy is not perfect. Low adenoma detection rates (ADR's) have been associated with increased interval cancers. Both optical and mechanical devices for improving ADR have shown promising results. Here we demonstrate a novel colonoscope with a 360° integrated view to improve visualization behind folds (Figure 1). The aim of this study is to compare polyp detection rates using the novel 360° scope and a standard forward only view (FOV) scope in colon models.

METHODS:

324 endoscopists around the US were enrolled in the study. 20 anatomic colon models (Champerlain Group, Great Barrington, MA) containing simulated 6–15 mm polyps were used. Polyps varied in number, location, and shape. Models were examined in a tandem fashion with the 360° scope and the FOV scope. Endoscopists were randomly assigned to perform the initial exam with either scope. The primary outcome was the number of polyps identified during withdrawal. Subgroup analysis was performed evaluating effects of order of examination, experience, and practice setting. Means were compared with a paired T-test and subgroups were compared with ANOVA.

RESULTS:

153 endoscopists performed their initial exam with the 360° scope, and 171 with the FOV scope. The 360° view colonoscope identified significantly more polyps overall (13.2 vs 7.7, mean difference 5.5, P < 0.0001). Each individual endoscopist identified more polyps with the 360° scope. The difference persisted regardless of which scope was used first. The difference also persisted between endoscopists of different experience and practice environments (Table 1). The only statistically significant difference was between endoscopists stratified by years of training, in which the <5 year group had a larger difference in polyp detection (P = 0.0006).

CONCLUSION:

This study shows that the 360° integrated view colonoscope is more effective at polyp detection than a traditional colonoscope in simulated models. The increased polyp detection is not dependent on experience level or practice environment. The expanded field of view allows endoscopists to identify polyps that may be missed by a traditional scope such as behind folds. Further studies in humans will be needed to prove safety/efficacy for clinical use but these initial results show promise for increasing ADR using this novel colonoscope.
353 Multi-Center Randomized Trial Comparing Standard Forceps Biopsies to Wide-Area Transepithelial Sampling Brush for Finding Intestinal Metaplasia and Dysplasia in the Esophagus and Gastroesophageal Junction
Authors: DeMeester Steven , Smith Chris , Severson Paul , Jobe Blair , Woodworth Phillip , Dunst Christy
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) in the esophagus is a potentially pre-malignant mucosal change. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of IM detection during upper endoscopy by biopsy forceps versus wide-area transepithelial sampling (WATS) brush.

METHODS:

Patients presenting for upper endoscopy for foregut symptoms or Barrett’s surveillance were prospectively enrolled and randomized to either biopsies or WATS brush from October1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. Patients with a history of malignancy were excluded. This study was IRB approved and funded by CDx Diagnositics.

RESULTS:

There were 1002 patients enrolled at 9 centers. Patient demographics and indications for endoscopy are shown in Table 1. A total of 509 patients had biopsies and 493 had WATS. A columnar-lined esophagus (CLE) of any length was seen in 282 patients, while in 720 patients there was no CLE and the biopsy or WATS was from a normal or irregular appearing gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). The median length of CLE when present was 3 cm. The overall frequency of finding IM by biopsy was 19.45% and by WATS 22.72%, P = 0.2. Table 2 shows the frequency of finding IM in the 817 patients that had upper endoscopy with no prior history of IM, compared to the frequency of finding IM in patients undergoing endoscopy for Barrett’s surveillance or follow-up after ablation (n = 185). In patients without a prior history of IM, biopsy and WATS found IM with similar frequency overall, but WATS found significantly more IM in patients with any endoscopically visible length of CLE. Biopsy found one cancer, and low-grade dysplasia was found in one patient each with biopsy and WATS. In the 185 patients that had their endoscopy for follow-up of Barrett’s or ablation there was no difference in the frequency of IM detection for biopsy vs WATS, and was similar in patients with < 3 cm CLE and in those with ≥ 3 cm CLE. Dysplasia or cancer was found in 5 patients in this group, 2 by WATS and 3 by biopsy.

CONCLUSION/DISCUSSION:

Both biopsy and WATS detect a similar frequency of IM overall; however, WATS was over twice as likely as biopsies to find IM in patients without a history of IM who had a CLE on endoscopy. In patients undergoing surveillance for Barrett’s or follow-up after ablation both WATS and biopsy showed IM and dysplasia with similar frequency. These findings suggest that WATS can be used instead of biopsies of the GEJ and esophagus with similar or improved efficacy at detecting IM and dysplasia.
449 Cost-Effectiveness of Adjunctive Wide Area Transepithelial Sampling With Computer-Assisted Analysis in Screening for Barrett’s Esophagus
Authors: Singer Mendel E. , Gross Seth , Kaul Vivek , Smith Michael S.
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Screening for Barrett’s Esophagus (BE) in chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) using targeted and random forceps biopsy (FB) is recommended by current ACG guidelines. A recent study of 10,412 screening patients showed that Wide Area Transepithelial Sampling with 3D computer-assisted tissue analysis (WATS) increases detection of Barrett’s esophagus (BE) when used adjunctively to FB. We analyzed the cost-effectiveness implications of this study’s findings.

METHODS:

A decision analytic model compared the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of two alternative screening strategies for BE in chronic GERD patients: FB alone vs. FB combined with WATS. The reference case was a 60 year old male. BE detected by positive FB or WATS was referred for surveillance. False positive WATS+/FB- were confirmed after a second negative surveillance FB. Cost and effectiveness of surveillance were based on published models with ablation for low or high grade dysplasia, available on the National Cancer Institute CISNET website. See Table 1 for an overview of model parameters. Effectiveness was measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Cost was measured in 2018 US$ and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was measured in $/QALY. Model parameters are outlined in Table 2. We considered 3 values of added yield (213% from the study, half of that, one-third of that) and 3 values of false positives among the added yield (5%, 15%, 25%) and calculated the ICER for all 9 pairwise combinations of those two parameters. We considered two thresholds for cost-effectiveness: $100K/QALY and $150K/QALY. Cost and QALYs were discounted at 3% per year.

RESULTS:

The ICERs for all 9 combinations of added yield and false positives are in Table 3. Use of FB plus WATS was cost-effective in all 9 combinations at the lower $100K/QALY threshold. Using the worst case for added yield (1/3 of the value from the study), FB plus WATS was cost-effective at the $150K/QALY for a false positive rate below 56%. Using the worst case for false positive rate (25%), FB plus WATS was cost-effective at the $150K/QALY for added yield of over 38%.

CONCLUSION:

We demonstrate that WATS, when used adjunctively with FB for screening 60 year old males with chronic GERD, is a cost-effective approach to reducing morbidity and mortality from esophageal cancer.
1621 Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Colon
Authors: Ajanaku Folabomi , Mekasha Getachew , Scott Victor
Published: October 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Plasma cell tumors can be categorized into multiple myeloma or plasmacytomas. Plasmacytoma is the proliferation of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells in sites other than the bone marrow. This case illustrates a rare case of plasmacytoma in the colon.

CASE DESCRIPTION/METHODS:

A 49-year-old man with medical history of type 1 DM and GERD presented for average risk screening colonoscopy. Colonoscopy showed a 12mm transverse colon polyp that was resected via hot snare polypectomy. Pathology of the 12mm polyp showed lamina propria expansion with large sheets of plasma cells. On immunohistochemistry (IHC), the plasma cells showed kappa light chain restriction. IHC gene rearrangement studies showed a low level of immunoglobulin heavy chain amplification. Pathology was consistent with plasmacytoma associated with tubular adenoma without high grade dysplasia. Margins were negative. A complete blood count obtained by primary care physician demonstrated Hgb of 14.1 g/dl. Complete metabolic panel was normal. Serum protein electrophoresis, urine Bence Jones protein, bone marrow biopsy, skeletal bone survey and PET CT scan were recommended to exclude multiple myeloma and involvement at other sites.

DISCUSSION:

Plasmacytoma can be either be solitary bone plasmacytoma or solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma. The diagnosis of solitary plasmacytoma depends on the exclusion of multiple myeloma via normal bone marrow biopsy, normal skeletal survey and absence of end organ damage. If multiple myeloma is present, the lesion is characterized as an extramedullary manifestation of multiple myeloma. Solitary bone plasmacytoma occurs most commonly in the vertebrae. Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma involves sites other than bone or bone marrow. It most commonly involves the nasopharynx or upper respiratory tract and is observed in 3-5% of plasma cell tumors. Colonic extramedullary plasmacytoma is rare and occurs in approximately 10% of extramedullary cases. Clinical presentations of extramedullary plasmacytoma are variable and depend on site of involvement. There are no current guidelines for the treatment of patients with colonic plasmacytoma. It is unclear whether endoscopic or surgical resection alone suffices as conclusive management or additional treatment modalities like radiotherapy or chemotherapy is necessary.
O tratamento dos conhecimentos linguísticos em aulas publicadas no Portal do Professor
Authors: De Oliveira Costa Cássia Fernanda , Cortez Suzana Leite
Published: October 2019

A necessidade de uma abor-dagem da gramática a favor da reflexão e dos usos linguísticos é amplamente discutida entre linguistas e educadores desde a década de 80. Nesse âmbito, surge a proposta teórico-metodológica da Análise Linguística (AL), que visa vincular o tratamento dos Conhecimentos Linguísticos (CL) ao trabalho com o texto. Apesar de defendidas por estu-diosos da língua e da educação – como Geraldi ([1984] 2006), Mendonça (2007), Ilari e Basso (2011), Bezerra e Reinaldo (2013) e Antunes (2014), que fundamen-tam teoricamente este trabalho – as mudanças em relação à abordagem dos CL ainda geram inquietações nos pro-fessores. Diante disso, propomo-nos a analisar aulas publicadas no Portal do Professor (plataforma on-line do Minis-tério da Educação voltada para docen-tes), no período de 2008 a 2016, para observar em que medida a proposta de trabalho com os CL por meio da AL tem influenciado as projeções dos docentes para suas aulas, bem como compreender o que eles entendem por “AL”. As análises evidenciaram que, mesmo categorizadas pelos professores-autores como de AL, as aulas apresentam diferentes abor-dagens dos CL, que vão da inclinação à normatividade gramatical à abordagem textual-discursiva, em que se destaca o trabalho com o texto a favor da reflexão e dos usos linguísticos.
A argumentação como ferramenta de reflexão e negociação para a construção de um projeto pedagógico interdisciplinar
Authors: Brum Maísa Helena , Ticks Luciane Kirchhof
Published: October 2019

A prática argumentativa não é tão somente a expressão de uma avaliação individual, mas se constitui como uma contribuição para o processo comunicativo entre pessoas ou grupos, que trocam ideias com o propósito de deliberar sobre as suas diferenças de opinião (VAN EEMEREN; GOOTENDORST, 2009, p. 55). Nesse processo, destacamos a natureza dual de negociação e mudança da argumentação, que a constitui como um recurso epistêmico de mediação na construção do conheci-mento (LEITÃO, 1999). Considerando essa perspectiva, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o processo argumentativo desencadeado em um programa de formação continuada de professores com vistas à discussão do conceito de interdisciplinaridade e à produção de atividades pedagógicas interdisciplinares, desenvolvido com docentes de uma escola pública de Ensino Fundamental e Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) de Santa Maria, RS. Para tanto, adotamos os planos de Interdisciplinaridade propos-tos por Lenoir (2008). O corpus é constituído por transcrições de três sessões reflexivas realizadas ao longo de 2013, que se constituíram como as mais signi-ficativas desse processo reflexivo, desenvolvido como parte de uma investigação de mestrado. A análise das sessões evidenciou a presença de sequências de ações discursivas. Essas ações impulsionaram as negociações dos participantes na constituição de um projeto pedagógico interdisciplinar na escola. O processo argumentativo desenvolvido nas sessões reflexivas auxiliou na orga-nização de ideias, na tomada de posições e, consequentemente, na construção do pensamento reflexivo das participantes.
função sintática e o licenciamento de artigos definidos diante de antropônimos e de possessivos pré-nominais
Authors: Sedrins Adeilson Pinheiro , Pereira Déreck Kássio , Silva Cláudia Roberta
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo discutimos os resultados da análise de dados de fala provenientes do município de Carnaíba, localizado na região do sertão de Pernambuco, focalizando a variação entre a realização ou não do artigo definido diante dos contextos: pronome possessivo em posição pré-nominal e antropônimos. Os pressupostos teórico-metodológicos que nortearam a análise advêm do quadro da sociolinguística variacionista e a discussão está centrada nos resultados em que foi controlada a variável função sintática do sintagma nominal, tendo em vista que essa variável permitiu observar uma diferença na frequência de licenciamento de arti-gos nos dois diferentes contextos aqui analisados. Os dados coletados apontam ainda para uma tendência à não realização do artigo, nos contextos anali-sados, o que se diferencia do uso encontrado em outras comunidades, mais especificamente, aquelas localizadas mais ao Sudeste e ao Sul do país.
Um por todos e todos por um
Authors: Jeronimo Gabriela Guimarães
Published: October 2019

Abordamos neste estudo o conceito de comunidade de prática proposto por Eckert e Mc Connell-Ginet (1992) que, ao ser incorporado aos estu-dos sociolinguísticos, contribuiu significativamente para as pesquisas sobre variação linguística. Para tal, apresentamos uma análise da comunidade de garimpeiros de diamante no município de Três Ranchos, localizado no sudeste do estado de Goiás-Brasil. A atividade desenvolvida por esses garimpeiros era realizada, na época, de forma artesanal e foi interrompida na referida cidade no ano de 1981, devido ao represamento do rio Paranaíba, o que culminou no alagamento dos locais em que eram extraídas as pedras preciosas. No entanto, muitos desses homens, hoje, senhores na faixa de 60 a 80 anos de idade, trazem em sua memória os tempos idos da época do garimpo e tudo aquilo que era, entre eles, compartilhado, como o vocabulário que nomeava as ferramentas de trabalho, a função que cada um exercia em cima da balsa e todo o universo extralinguístico relacionado a essa atividade. Apresenta-mos, assim, algumas unidades lexicais que nos levaram à hipótese de que seria possível encontrar no repertório dos garimpeiros variação lexical. Além disso, foi possível trabalhar com o conceito de comunidade de prática em um corpus constituído pela memória coletiva desses senhores, em que encontramos dados suficientes para uma análise dessa natureza.
ORGANIZATION OF QUALITY CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS PRODUCTION OF STYRENE-ACRYLIC DISPERSION USING ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
Authors: Prakhova T. N. , Gavshina A. A. , Lyubimtseva O. L. , Yumatova E. G.
Published: October 2019

The production of styrene-acrylic dispersion is a complex technological process, which requires constant monitoring. The organization of product quality control has become the main part of the production process and is aimed not only at identifying defects or defective finished products, but also at diagnosing the quality of products in the process of their production, which ensures the advantage of the product in the market and also contributes to its successful marketing. competitive conditions. In various publications, the topic of controlling the process of styrene-acrylic dispersion production has been repeatedly raised. In this paper, a method for organizing the control and diagnostics of the quality of production of a styrene-acrylic dispersion is proposed. For diagnostics, the model of multivariate dispersion analysis was chosen. Based on the visual analysis and the technical characteristics of the product, a rationale is given for the selection of factors that influence quality indicators. The analysis is based on reliable data. The proposed diagnosis has been tested in production.
The effect of air flow on drying fodder on drying systems
Authors: BENEDIČIČ Janez , BERNIK Rajko
Published: October 2019

Drying grass fodder in Europe’s Alpine countries is becoming increasingly important due to positive effects on the fatty acid composition of milk. A proper approach and technology of fodder drying can raise its quality to the level of grass silage. In principle, drying fodder means extracting water from fodder by means of ventilation – the air, the key to the speed of drying. Besides low relative air humidity, its flow rate through the fodder is also important. In the literature, the lower- and upper-bound limits of air flow rates can be found, with a difference of 85 % between the two. The article describes a test, measuring energy consumption and the efficiency of drying at a low air flow, often used in practice, and a high air flow. It was found that a high air flow results in 38 % higher energy consumption per kilogramme of extracted water, compared to a low air flow. The executed test has proved that drying at a higher air flow will not have a proportionally greater effect.
The effect of a new non-toxic water-soluble selenorganic substance on antioxidant protection and development of seedlings of oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg.)
Authors: NESTERKINA Irina Sergeevna , MUSALOV Maxim Viktorovich , GURINA Veronika Valerievna , OZOLINA Natalya Vladimirovna , SPIRIDONOVA Ekaterina Vladimirovna , TRETYAKOVA Anastasya Valerevna , POTAPOV Vladimir Alekseevich , AMOSOVA Svetlana Viktorovna , YAKIMOV Vladimir Andreevich
Published: October 2019

The effect of 2,6-dipyridinium selenabicyclo[3.3.1]nonandibromide (996 zh) on the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), on the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) and on the morphometric parameters of oilseed radish seedlings under normal conditions and under stress (200 mmol NaCl) has been studied. It has been established that the substance 996 zh at a concentration of 100 μm exerted an antioxidant effect reducing the level of lipid peroxidation and increasing the activity of GR. In connection with that the germinating ability of seeds and the biomass of the roots and stems of seedlings increased, both under normal conditions and under stress conditions.The concentration of the substance 996 zh of 1000 μmol had a toxic effect, increasing the LPO level in normal conditions, but neutralized the effect of stress due to the addition of NaCl. This concentration had a slight inhibitory effect on germinability and on root development in seedlings. However, the same concentration of the substance 996 zh (1000 μmol) had a positive effect on the development of shoots under both normal and stressed conditions.
The Legal Framework of Referendum in the Iranian Constitutional Context
Authors: Hashjin Seyed Hossein Malakooti
Published: October 2019

W reżimach demokratycznych udział obywateli w egzekwowaniu władzy politycznej stanowi podstawę suwerenności. Zezwolenie i docenienie woli ludu w politycznym zarządzaniu krajem jest konieczne dla utrzymania legitymacji suwerenności. Dlatego systemy polityczne wciąż badają metody ustanowienia demokracji bezpośredniej równolegle z demokracją przedstawicielską. Referendum jest formą ustanowienia demokracji bezpośredniej opartej na głosowaniu publicznym w sprawach politycznych i prawnych. Prawna organizacja różnych rodzajów demokracji bezpośredniej jest wyjaśniona w konstytucjach. Wśród metod demokracji bezpośredniej tylko referenda w sprawie zmiany konstytucji, referendum polityczne i referendum legislacyjne zostały uznane w Konstytucji Islamskiej Republiki Iranu. Chociaż w prawnej historii Iranu odbyło się referendum w sprawie ustanowienia systemu politycznego Republiki Islamskiej i referendum w sprawie zmiany Konstytucji, jak dotąd nie przeprowadzono referendum legislacyjnego. Wyżsi urzędnicy państwowi mogą zaproponować referendum, a referenda mogą odbywać się w wyjątkowych i niezwykle ważnych sytuacjach. Jeśli chodzi o teokratyczny charakter irańskiego systemu politycznego, ważność referendum zależy od braku sprzeczności między przedmiotem referendum a zasadami prawa islamskiego. W tym artykule zbadano prawne wymiary przeprowadzania referendów w irańskim kontekście konstytucyjnym, stosując podejście opisowo-analityczne.
Effect of Community-Based Group Exercise Interventions on Standing Balance and Strength in Independent Living Older Adults
Authors: Alqahtani Bader A. , Sparto Patrick J. , Whitney Susan L. , Greenspan Susan L. , Perera Subashan , VanSwearingen Jessie , Brach Jennifer S.
Published: October 2019

Background and Purpose:

Many interventions to improve mobility in older adults often include exercises to address underlying impairments such as strength deficits. Task-oriented exercise interventions that focus more on walking and stepping tasks that may be encountered in the community have been considered for improving mobility in older adults. The main purpose was to examine the effect of task-oriented and impairment-based group exercise interventions on standing balance and lower extremity muscle strength.

Methods:

This is an ancillary study to a cluster-randomized clinical trial. Participants included 107 older adults. Participants were randomized by facility to 1 of 2 different interventions, or a waitlist control group. The On the Move (OTM) task-oriented intervention consisted of warm-up, timing and coordination (stepping and walking patterns), strengthening, and stretching exercises. The standard of care impairment-based exercise intervention (STD) consisted of warm-up, strength, endurance, and stretching exercises. Postural sway and balance measures were recorded before and after the 12-week interventions. An accelerometer was used to collect postural sway for 6 different standing balance conditions. A portable load cell was used to assess lower extremity muscle strength for 3 muscle groups.

Results and Discussion:

The OTM group had a significant reduction in sway acceleration during most of the balance conditions over the 12-week period, whereas the STD had smaller, nonsignificant reductions. Both exercise interventions had a significant reduction in sway compared with the waitlist control group in at least 1 balance condition. The OTM and STD groups had significant increases in hip abduction strength during the intervention and the STD group also had an increase in knee extension strength. The waitlist group had a significant reduction in strength in all muscle groups during the 12-week period. Strength changes in both exercise groups were significantly different from the waitlist group but not from each other.

Conclusion:

Both exercise intervention groups had an improvement in standing balance and lower extremity strength when compared with a waitlist group that did not receive exercise. Although the exercise groups did not significantly differ from each other, the OTM exercise group showed a trend toward improvement in static standing balance conditions.
Coda: In Love, Anger, and Loss
Authors: Juhasz Alexandra
Published: October 2019

This article is an homage to two powerful women who were lost to us in 2019, as this journal issue was under way. Feminist film pioneers and superstars Barbara Hammer and Carolee Schneemann were both interviewed by Alexandra Juhasz for her Women of Vision project in the late 1990s. In 2017, now both approaching eighty years of age, both were enjoying major retrospectives in New York, and so Juhasz interviewed them again. In this text, Juhasz intercuts the four conversations, conducted over the course of twenty-five years, in an intergenerational, time-traveling retrospective in which Hammer and Schneemann comment on their own former and current laments and visions for the future.
TOR Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans Development, Metabolism, and Aging
Authors: Blackwell T Keith , Sewell Aileen K , Wu Ziyun , Han Min
Published: October 2019

The Target of Rapamycin (TOR or mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, development, and behaviors by modulating protein synthesis, autophagy, and multiple other cellular processes in response to changes in nutrients and other cues. Over recent years, TOR has been studied intensively in mammalian cell culture and genetic systems because of its importance in growth, metabolism, cancer, and aging. Through its advantages for unbiased, and high-throughput, genetic and in vivo studies, Caenorhabditis elegans has made major contributions to our understanding of TOR biology. Genetic analyses in the worm have revealed unexpected aspects of TOR functions and regulation, and have the potential to further expand our understanding of how growth and metabolic regulation influence development. In the aging field, C. elegans has played a leading role in revealing the promise of TOR inhibition as a strategy for extending life span, and identifying mechanisms that function upstream and downstream of TOR to influence aging. Here, we review the state of the TOR field in C. elegans, and focus on what we have learned about its functions in development, metabolism, and aging. We discuss knowledge gaps, including the potential pitfalls in translating findings back and forth across organisms, but also describe how TOR is important for C. elegans biology, and how C. elegans work has developed paradigms of great importance for the broader TOR field.
Retrospective Association Analysis of Longitudinal Binary Traits Identifies Important Loci and Pathways in Cocaine Use
Authors: Wu Weimiao , Wang Zhong , Xu Ke , Zhang Xinyu , Amei Amei , Gelernter Joel , Zhao Hongyu , Justice Amy C , Wang Zuoheng
Published: October 2019

Longitudinal phenotypes have been increasingly available in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and electronic health record-based studies for identification of genetic variants that influence complex traits over time. For longitudinal binary data, there remain significant challenges in gene mapping, including misspecification of the model for phenotype distribution due to ascertainment. Here, we propose L-BRAT (Longitudinal Binary-trait Retrospective Association Test), a retrospective, generalized estimating equation-based method for genetic association analysis of longitudinal binary outcomes. We also develop RGMMAT, a retrospective, generalized linear mixed model-based association test. Both tests are retrospective score approaches in which genotypes are treated as random conditional on phenotype and covariates. They allow both static and time-varying covariates to be included in the analysis. Through simulations, we illustrated that retrospective association tests are robust to ascertainment and other types of phenotype model misspecification, and gain power over previous association methods. We applied L-BRAT and RGMMAT to a genome-wide association analysis of repeated measures of cocaine use in a longitudinal cohort. Pathway analysis implicated association with opioid signaling and axonal guidance signaling pathways. Lastly, we replicated important pathways in an independent cocaine dependence case-control GWAS. Our results illustrate that L-BRAT is able to detect important loci and pathways in a genome scan and to provide insights into genetic architecture of cocaine use.
Antifungal activity of acidic electrolyzed water against strawberry postharvest molds (Fragaria x ananassa Duch cv. Camarosa)
Authors: Guerra Sierra Beatriz Elena , Sandoval Adriana , Torcoroma Liliana
Published: October 2019

The aim of this word was to assess the in vitro antifungal activity of acidic electrolyzed water (AEW) and the required contact time to inhibit the development of post-harvest molds common in strawberry fruit.  Ninety-four strawberry samples were used.  A five-fold assay in a randomized design was carried out using standard inoculum of fungal conidia, which were subjected to an array of contact times and AEW concentrations, using a controlled agitation (120 r.p.m) at 23°C.  The conidia treated with AEW were grown on potato dextrose agar and their germination was evaluated.  Mycelial growth of the treated samples was measured and compared against conidia control samples treated with distilled water instead of AEW.  Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer were the most commonly isolated species at 54.25% and 28.72%, respectively.  AEW inhibited conidia germination after 7 minutes of exposure.  The AEW concentration required to inhibit conidia germination was 10 ppm and 50 ppm for R. stolonifer and B. cinerea respectively, a variance possibly due to the constitution of their cellular walls.  A short exposure of AEW is able to inhibit post-harvest fungi growth, and is thus recommended as an efficient, economical, and environmentally sustainable sanitation agent, with the ability of extending the strawberry post-harvest consumption period.
Apresentação
Authors: Gertz René Ernaini
Published: October 2019

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Conquista y constitución: el paseo del real pendón en Ia ciudad de México (1809-1818)
Authors: Giraudo Laura
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa a procissão do pendão real no Dia da Conquista, na Cidade do México. Membros do Conselho da cidade estavam em conflito com os governadores das parcialidades e os ministros da audiência. Utilizando tais conflitos como exemplos, a autora procura mostrar que o estudo de festas e rituais públicos é importante para entender a cultura política da Nova Espanha do início do século XIX.
Bailes e festas públicas em Asunción no pós-guerra da Tríplice Aliança: mulher e resistência popular no Paraguai
Authors: Silva Alberto Moby Ribeiro da
Published: October 2019

O presente ensaio, condensado dos capítulos 4 e 6 da minha tese de doutoramento, sobre o papel da mulher na reconstrução da identidade nacional paraguaia após a Guerra da Tríplice Aliança, apresentam, sumariamente, alguns dos mecanismos de resistência das mulheres às prescrições quanto à sua participação na vida pública pelos governos paraguaios no período conhecido como "regeneración", particularmente nos bailes e festas públicas.
À recém-nascida República: a cidadania festiva no 30º dia da República
Authors: Pacheco Ricardo De Aguiar
Published: October 2019

Como parte de tuna dissertação esse artigo pretende apresentar uni dos elementos nela analisados: as festividades de cunho político que se desenrolaram em Porto Alegre nos primeiros dias após a Proclamação da República. Percebendo que esses festejos, onde se faz presente a multidão não ocorrem de forma desarticulada. Ao contrário, propomos que eles são práticas sociais legítimas para a ação política dos membros da comunidade política. Inerentes a um determinado comportamento político percebemos nessas práticas e representações sociais a articulação de uma identidade social para o agente político, que então chamamos de cidadania festiva.
A Cepal e a América Latina
Authors: Poletto Dorivaldo Walmor
Published: October 2019

Por ocasião do cinqüentenário do "Manifesto" da Cepal, este artigo tem por objetivo abordar dois temas da relação Cepal-América Latina. O primeiro mostra o significado que a Cepal teve para a região e a segunda analisa a especificidade de sua contribuição teórico-metodológica.