bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-time monitoring of the rollout of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in rural India using a digital tracking platform
Authors: Nagar Ruchit , Ambiya Mohammad Sarparajul , Dalal Saachi , Bhadauriya Pawan Singh , Abdullah Hamid , Shahnawaz Mohammed , Weinberger Daniel M.
Published: January 2021

Background: In 2017, the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was introduced into the Indian immunization program as a priority. However, monitoring the implementation of this program has been a major challenge in rural India. Novel digital health platforms, used to track vaccine delivery, can address this issue.

Methods: We analyzed data collected in a rural part of the Udaipur District of India, which recently introduced PCV13 into the routine immunization program. The data were collected by Khushi Baby, a novel technology platform which facilitates tracking the vaccination status of individual children. We assessed the percent of children receiving 1, 2, or 3 doses of the vaccine at different ages and time points, as well as geographic variations in uptake. Only doses received before 12 months of age were considered for this analysis.

Results: More than 96% of children captured by the database received the first dose of PCV13. Uptake of the second dose ranged from 69% to 90% across the five regions, and 44% to 76% of children received the third (booster) dose within 3 months of the recommended date.

Conclusions: These data provide early evidence that the primary doses of PCV13 are being administered at a high level in rural India; however, there is considerable variability between regions. Additionally, the receipt of the booster dose may be lower than desired. Given the importance of the booster dose in reducing pneumococcal transmission, its delivery is essential to ensure maximal benefit of the vaccine program.
Uptake of core outcome sets by clinical trialists publishing in major medical journals: Protocol
Authors: Matvienko-Sikar Karen , Avery Kerry , Blazeby Jane , Hughes Karen , Jacobsen Pamela , Kirkham Jamie , Kottner Jan , Mellor Katie , Saldanha Ian , Smith Valerie , Terwee Caroline B. , Williamson Paula R. ,   MRC-NIHR TMRP Outcomes Working Group Core Outcome Set Theme
Published: January 2021

Background: Outcome heterogeneity, selective reporting, and choosing outcomes that do not reflect needs and priorities of stakeholders, limit the examination of health intervention effects, particularly in late phase trials. Core outcome sets (COS) are a proposed solution to these issues. A COS is an agreed-upon, standardised set of outcomes that should be measured and reported as a minimum in all trials in a specific area of health or healthcare. COS are intended to increase standardisation of outcome measurement and reporting to better enable comparisons between, and synthesis of findings of trials in a particular health area. 

Methods: This study will examine late phase trials, published between October 2019 and March 2020 (inclusive), in the following five medical journals: New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, Lancet, BMJ, and Annals of Internal Medicine. Trials will be examined to determine if they refer to a COS, and whether they use a COS. Trialists for each identified trial will subsequently be contacted to complete an online survey examining trialists’ awareness of, and decisions to search for and use a COS.

Discussion: This study will provide important information on uptake of COS by later phase trialists in major medical journals, and the views of these trialists on COS use in trials. These findings will inform approaches to increasing awareness and uptake of COS in future health trials.
Por que é que o chão se move?
Authors: Amaral Ferreira Mónica
Published: January 2021

Foi concebido para apoiar a formação de professores, monitores e técnicos da área educativa do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB), que queiram melhorar os seus conhecimentos e desenvolver atividades sobre o risco sísmico e de tsunami. Os conteúdos e informação contidos neste documento surgem de novas pesquisas agora realizadas, mas também na continuação de outros projectos em que a autora participou, de-signadamente o jogo sério "Treme-Treme".
Watch Out, Pun!
Authors: Borek Piotr
Published: January 2021

The paper examines several instances of the use of śleṣa in a 17th-century Braj poem commissioned by Shivaji Bhosle and composed in the Deccan. The subject of analysis is viewed from two perspectives: of the text’s genre (rītigranth) and the equivalence between the objects of comparison. To this end, the study brings into focus, on one hand, the issue of striking explicitness vis-à-vis deliberate unveiling of double meaning by the poet, and on the other, the relations between selected literary figures and the nature of śleṣa embedded within given examples. Besides showcasing an aspect of the poet’s virtuosity, the paper seeks to provide a template for wider discussion on the specifically Indian phenomenon of śleṣa in Braj courtly literary culture.
Eliciting Human Judgment for Prediction Algorithms
Authors: Ibrahim Rouba , Kim Song-Hee , Tong Jordan
Published: January 2021

Even when human point forecasts are less accurate than data-based algorithm predictions, they can still help boost performance by being used as algorithm inputs. Assuming one uses human judgment indirectly in this manner, we propose changing the elicitation question from the traditional direct forecast (DF) to what we call the private information adjustment (PIA): how much the human thinks the algorithm should adjust its forecast to account for information the human has that is unused by the algorithm. Using stylized models with and without random error, we theoretically prove that human random error makes eliciting the PIA lead to more accurate predictions than eliciting the DF. However, this DF-PIA gap does not exist for perfectly consistent forecasters. The DF-PIA gap is increasing in the random error that people make while incorporating public information (data that the algorithm uses) but is decreasing in the random error that people make while incorporating private information (data that only the human can use). In controlled experiments with students and Amazon Mechanical Turk workers, we find support for these hypotheses.

This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
Field test on the palatability of the subterranean termites to pine wood with various treatments
Authors: Arinana Arinana , Fannani Ahmad , Nandika Dodi , Haneda Noor
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Ariana, Fannani AR, Nandika D, Haneda NF. 2020. Field test on the palatability of the subterranean termites to pine wood with various treatments. Biodiversitas 21: 5763-5771. One of the keys to successfully determining the subterranean termite species' diversity in an area is using wood samples of their preference. This research aimed to evaluate the palatability of the subterranean termites to pine wood (Pinus merkusii) with boiling, steaming, hot vapor pressure, and oven treatments in the Arboretum of the Faculty of Forestry, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, and to analyze the species and the distribution of the subterranean termites that attacked the samples. The wood samples were 2 cm x 2 cm x 46 cm in size (ASTM D 1758-06). The steaming (100°C), boiling (100°C), and hot vapor pressure (1 bar, 105°C) treatments were carried out for five hours, while the oven treatment (103±2°C) was set up for 48 hours. Wood samples without treatment were also prepared as a control. After the treatments, all the samples were air-dried, sanded, weighed, and installed in the research location. The results showed that four subterranean termite species, i.e., Schedorhinotermes sp., Microtermes sp., Capritermes sp., and Macrotermes sp, were found attacking the wood samples. The highest attack frequency and the highest damage intensity were found in wood samples with hot vapor pressure treatment. Based on the scoring, the preeminent treatment for the wood samples was the hot vapor pressured treatment.
Short Communication: Comparing the growth of stem explants between Citrus reticulata var. Tawangmangu and C. reticulata var. Garut using in vitro culture methods
Authors: Prihastanti Erma , HASTUTI ENDAH D. , SUEDY SRI W.A.
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Prihastanti E, Hastuti ED, Suedy SWA. 2020. Short Communication: Comparing the growth of stem explants between Citrus reticulata var. Tawangmangu and C. reticulata var. Garut using in vitro culture methods. Biodiversitas 21: 5845-5849. Several efforts have been made to preserve Citrus reticulata var. Tawangmangu and Citrus reticulata var. Garut as indigenous Indonesian mandarin cultivars, including in vitro tissue culture methods. This study aimed to determine growth differences of the stem explants of C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu and C. reticulata var. Garut,which planted on the same Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. The treatment groups were derived from different explants, grown in 4 separate culture bottles for 35 days at 25°C. The observed parameters included the percentage of explants indicating callus development browned-colored explants, and the contaminated explants. Among C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu explants, 23.53% indicated callus development, 29.42% were browned-colored explants, and 0% indicated contamination. In contrast, among the C. reticulata var. Garut explants, 0% indicated callus development, 7.14% brown-colored, and 7.14% indicated contamination. The stems explants from C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu showed a tendency to develop calluses, but the explants of C. reticulata var. Garut was able to support the growth of shoots. C. reticulata var. Tawangmangu and Garut mandarin stem explants showed differences of shoot growth because physiological conditions varied according to the variety.
Level of lead contamination in the blood of Bali cattle associated with their age and geographical location
Authors: Berata I Ketut , Susari Ni Nyoman Werdi , Sudira I Wayan , Agustina Kadek Karang
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Berata IK, Susari NNW, Sudira IW, Agustina KK. 2021. Level of lead contamination in the blood of Bali cattle associated with their age and geographical location. Biodiversitas 22: 23-29. Lead contamination is increasingly common and endangers human as well as animal health. Cattle, which is a source of protein for humans, are very sensitive to lead exposure in a polluted environment. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of lead contamination in the blood of Bali cattle related to their geographical location and age. A total of 300 cattle was drawn as the research sample, consisting of 150 each from the low and the highland. Each comprises of 50 young (<2 years old), 50 at puberty (2-3 years old), and 50 old cattle (>3 years old). The blood sample was taken from their jugular vein and collected in tubes containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as anticoagulants. The lead content was measured using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) method. The results showed average data for the lowlands, which include 0.430 ± 0.411 ppm, 0.792 ± 0.356 ppm, and 1.234 ± 0.533 ppm for young, puberty, and old, respectively. The highlands include 0.047 ± 0.074 ppm, 0.057 ± 0.061 ppm, and 0.089 ± 0.169 ppm for young, puberty, and old, respectively. Furthermore, the ANOVA showed a significantly higher (P<0.05) lead level in the blood of lowlands cattle than the highlands. We also found that in the lowlands, the lead level increased significantly (P<0.05) with the cattle's age, while the highlands show no difference. Based on the results, it is concluded that cattle in the lowlands are more exposed to lead than cattle in the highlands. Also, the increase in the blood lead level associated with age occurs only in cattle of the lowlands.
Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: STEVANUS Stevanus , Pharmawati Made
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Stevanus, Pharmawati M. 2021. Biodiversity and phylogenetic analyses using DNA barcoding rbcL gene of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 50-57. West Lombok, Indonesia is one of the locations that is thought to have a quite high diversity of seagrass. Information on the diversity of seagrass species is important due to the important value of seagrass in the marine ecosystem. This research aimed to analyze biodiversity and phylogenetic of seagrass from Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia using DNA barcoding of rbcL gene. As many as 35 samples from seven morphologically identified species (Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis, and H. minor) were taken from four Gilis (small island) in Sekotong. The DNA was amplified for the rbcL gene and sequence analyses using BLAST were conducted to determine the species. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out using three evolutionary algorithms using Neighbor-Joining, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analysis with 1000 bootstrap. The rbcL gene was successfully amplified from all samples with a maximum length of 552 bp. The phylogenetic analysis showed that clades were split by family and genera where six clades were formed (Enhalus acoroides, T. hemprichii, Halophila complex, H. pinifolia, S. isoetifolium, and C. rotundata) with more than 95% of bootstrap values for Neighbor-Joining and Bayesian. The p-distance values between species were 0.008-0.097 and the polymorphic site was not found within species. The rbcL sequences only confirmed five seagrass species out of seven morphologically identified species and the sequences generated from this study cannot discriminate Halophila ovalis and H. minor.
Assessing The Influence Of Pandrah Irrigation System Performance Indicators Using Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Azmeri Azmeri , Winardi Winardi , Jemi Faris Zahran
Published: January 2021

Pandrah Weir, built-in 1987, serves the Pandrah Technical Irrigation Area in Bireuen District, Aceh Province, with an area of 1.203 Ha. Its old infrastructure has experienced various damage that can decrease the irrigation system performance. The Pandrah irrigation system's previous performance assessment by both the MASSCOTE approach and Rapid Appraisal Procedure (RAP) evaluation suggested a service level of 3.05 (useful classification). This study assessed the effect of the variables on the Pandrah irrigation system's performance with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) operated by the AMOS program. The four leading indicators were irrigation service, Water User Farmers Association (P3A), operator Human Resources (H.R.), and irrigation operation modernization. The refinement of irrigation system performance analysis using SEM showed that results of the four irrigation system performance indicators, namely: 0.082 (p=0.768), 0.090 (p=0.273), 0.419 (p=0.287), and 0.606 (p=0.039) for irrigation service, P3A indicator, irrigation operation modernization, and H.R. respectively. Based on the evaluation of the four indicators of irrigation system performance, it is concluded that the Pandrah irrigation system's performance is good. This performance assessment provides a clear picture of irrigation water services, H.R., P3A being an initial assessment for priorities, planning, and scheduling to start modernization programs for irrigation system operations. Irrigation modernization aims to facilitate the operation and maintenance by improving the irrigation system. This modernization means that irrigation planning, irrigation operation, maintenance, and monitoring systems have been carefully calculated before proposing a new irrigation network. The success of monitoring activities requires the use of information technology.
Adsorption Of Cd(II) Ions From Aqueous Solution By A Low-Cost Biosorbent Prepared From Ipomea Pes-Caprae Stem
Authors: Ramadhani Thaharah , Abdullah Faisal , Indra Indra , Muslim Abrar , Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna , Meilina Hesti , Saiful Saiful
Published: January 2021

The use of a low-cost biosorbent prepared from Ipomoea pes-caprae stem for the adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution at different contact times, biosorbent sizes, pH values, and initial Cd(II) ions concentration solution was investigated. The biosorbent was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to find important IR-active functional groups. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the biosorbent morphology. The experimental results showed the highest Cd(II) ions adsorption was 29.513 mg/g  under an optimal condition as initial Cd(II) ions concentration of 662.77 mg/L, 1 g dose, 80-min contact time, pH 5, 75 rpm of stirring speed, 1 atm, and 30 oC. Cd(II) ions' adsorption kinetics obeys the linearized pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.996), and the adsorption capacity is based on the optimal condition, and the rate attained was 44.444 mg/g and 0.097 g/mg. Min, respectively. Besides, the adsorption isotherms were very well fitted by the linearized Langmuir isotherm model, and the monolayer adsorption capacity and pore volume determined was 30.121 mg/g and 0.129 L/mg, respectively. These results indicated the chemisorption nature
Dual-comb Generation from a Simple Single-cavity Mode-locked Bulk Laser
Authors: Kowalczyk Maciej , Sterczewski Łukasz , Zhang Xuzhao , Petrov Valentin , Guo Shiyi , Wang Zhengping , Xu Xinguang , Sotor Jarosław
Published: January 2021

We present a novel scheme for a single-cavity dual-comb bulk laser based on intrinsic polarization-multiplexing in an optically uniaxial gain medium. The concept is experimentally realized in a mode-locked sub-100-fs Yb:CNGS laser.
Self-Referenced CEO Frequency Detection of a 10-GHz Laser Enabled by Highly Efficient Nonlinear Waveguides
Authors: Krüger L. M. , Mayer A. S. , Okawachi Y. , Ji X. , Klenner A. , Johnson A. R. , Langrock C. , Fejer M.M. , Lipson M. , Gaeta A. L. , Wittwer V. J. , Südmeyer T. , Phillips C. R. , Keller U.
Published: January 2021

We use two chip-scale waveguide platforms for self-referenced carrier-envelope offset frequency detection of a 10-GHz modelocked laser. A tunable beat note with a 33-dB signal-to-noise ratio is generated with only 18-pJ of coupled pulse energy.
Hybrid Feed-Forward and Feedback Long-term CEP Stabilization of All-Solid-State Laser
Authors: Hirschman Jack , Lemons Randy , Chansky Evan , Steinmeyer Günter , Carbajo Sergio
Published: January 2021

Controlling the CEP in mode-locked lasers over long timescales is crucial for real-world applications. We present a hybrid stabilization system in an Er:Yb:glass mode-locked laser with 75 hours of stabilization and IPN below 14 mrad.
Optical soliton dynamics in hollow capillary fibres for the generation of extreme ultrafast laser pulses
Authors: Travers John C. , Brahms Christian , Grigorova Teodora F. , Belli Federico
Published: January 2021

By exploiting soliton dynamics in gas-filled hollow capillary fibres, we generate tuneable few-femtosecond pulses from the vacuum ultraviolet to the infrared as well as sub-cycle field transients in the visible and near infrared.
Frequency-doubled Tb: YLF DUV laser at 272 nm
Authors: Chen Hengjun , Uehara Hiyoro , Ryo Yasuhara
Published: January 2021

We obtained DUV laser at 272 nm via intra-cavity second harmonic generation of a Tb:LiYF4 green laser with a BBO nonlinear crystal. Several resonator setups were investigated. In the best configuration, the DUV laser delivered a continuous-wave power of 127 mW at 1.44 W pump power at 488 nm.
Coherent beam combining of more than 100 fiber lasers
Authors: Chang Hongxiang , Chang Qi , Hou Tianyue , Su Rongtao , Ma Pengfei , Wu Jian , Ma Yanxing , Zhou Pu
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we will demonstrate the preliminary experimental result of coherent beam combining of 107 fiber lasers, which is the largest beam numbers for CBC of fiber lasers to the best of our knowledge.
Additive Manufacturing of Transparent Ceramic Laser Gain Media - Rods, Thin Disks, and Planar Waveguides
Authors: Seeley Z. M. , Rudzik T. J. , Phillips I. R. , Yee T. D. , Cherepy N. J. , Drobshoff A. D. , Herrera O. D. , Ryerson F. J. , Payne S. A.
Published: January 2021

Spatially distinct and graded doping profiles may be formed in YAG transparent ceramic laser gain media via additive manufacturing. Near-uniform refractive index may be obtained with co-doping of the undoped region with a compensating ion.
58-fs Pulses Generation from a SWCNT-SA Mode-Locked Mixed Sesquioxide Tm:(Lu,Sc)2O3 Ceramic Laser
Authors: Zhao Yongguang , Yang Hanlin , Jing Wei , Huang Hui , Liu Jiachen , Bae Ji Eun , Park Tae Gwan , Rotermund Fabian , Mateos Xavier , Wang Zhengping , Xu Xinguang , Loiko Pavel , Wang Yicheng , Wang Li , Chen Weidong , Griebner Uwe , Petrov Valentin
Published: January 2021

A SWCNT-SA mode-locked “mixed” sesquioxide Tm:(Lu2/3Sc1/3)2O3 ceramic laser generates nearly transform-limited pulses with a duration of 58 fs at 2076 nm for an average output power of 114 mW at ~82.9 MHz repetition rate.
Increasing the laser induced damage resistance of ultraviolet antireflective coatings by mitigation of damage precursors
Authors: Alig Thimotheus , Bartels Nils , Allenspacher Paul , Balasa Istvan , Böntgen Tammo , Ristau Detlev , Jensen Lars
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate the mitigation of nano-sized damage precursors during the manufacturing of IBS-coatings using bombardment with a secondary ion source and laser conditioning with a nanosecond-pulsed laser. Optical coatings show a significantly increased damage threshold.
Generation of sub-7 fs radially polarized pulses by thin plate post-compression
Authors: Cao H. , Nagymihaly R. S. , Khodakovskiy N. , Lopez-Martens R. , Pajer V. , Bohus J. , Bussiere B. , Falcoz F. , Borzsonyi A. , Kalashnikov M.
Published: January 2021

Post-compression of radially polarized 30 fs pulses was performed in multiple thin fused silica plates for the first time. Sub-7 fs pulses with 90 µJ were obtained after re-compression. This approach is scalable in energy.
Resonant Waveguide Gratings enable advanced designs of laser resonators
Authors: Rumpel Martin , Dietrich Tom , Beirow Frieder , Graf Thomas , Ahmed. Marwan Abdou
Published: January 2021

We report on various significant achievements in the design of thin-disk laser resonators over the past years that demonstrate the versatility and advantages of the intra-cavity use of Resonant Waveguide Gratings.
Observation of nonlinear multimode beam cleaning using a photonic lantern
Authors: Benoît Aurélien , Yerolatsitis Stephanos , Wright Thomas A. , Birks Tim A. , Thomson Robert R.
Published: January 2021

We report the experimental observation of nonlinear multimode beam cleaning at the multimode output of a photonic lantern by coupling fs-laser pulses into each core of a photonic lantern made from a 7-core multicore fiber.
19µJ pulses from an in-band Dy3+-doped gain-switched fiber laser at 3.24 µm
Authors: Jobin Frédéric , Paradis Pascal , Fortin Vincent , Magnan-Saucier Sebastién , Bernier Martin , Vallée Réal
Published: January 2021

We report an in-band pumped gain-switched dysprosium-doped fiber laser at 3.24 µm, producing nanosecond pulses from 20-120 kHz, with record output power and energy of 1.4 W and 19 µJ.
Up to 3 W continuous power and 21 ns long pulses from 2.8 µm Er:YLF laser
Authors: Švejkar Richard , Šulc Jan , Němec Michal , Jelínıková Helena
Published: January 2021

Compact CW Er: YLF laser with output power 2.9 W and slope efficiency 26 % is presented. Using Fe:ZnSe crystal the passive Q-switching was achieved with pulse duration 21 ns, repetition rate 50 kHz, and peak power 252 W.
High Resolution Absorption Measurements at the Zero-Phonon Line of Yb:YAG at Low Temperatures
Authors: De Vido Mariastefania , Wojtusiak Agnieszka , Ertel Klaus
Published: January 2021

We present high resolution absorption measurements at the zero-phonon line of Yb:YAG between 80 K and 300 K. This data will assist in the design and optimisation of Yb:YAG lasers pumped on this absorption line.
Novel Hybrid Modeling Strategy for Semiconductor Mode-Locked Lasers
Authors: Cuyvers Stijn , Poelman Stijn , Van Gasse Kasper , Kuyken Bart
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate a novel hybrid model for semiconductor mode-locked lasers by combining the merits of a traveling-wave model for the active regions and a split-step Fourier algorithm for the extended passive cavity.
Pump depletion and Stokes beam clean up at Raman conversion in graded-index fibers
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexey G. , Kablukov Sergey I. , Podivilov Evgeny V. , Babin Sergey A.
Published: January 2021

Multimode 940-nm diode radiation is shown to be converted in graded-index fibers into high-quality (M2≤2) 976-nm Raman beam due to parabolic pump beam, its homogeneous depletion above threshold, mode-selective feedback by FBG and nonlinear effects.
Terahertz pulse generation by noise-like pulse from an Yb-doped fiber laser
Authors: Hong Yu-Cheng , Wu Hsiao-Hua , Pan Ci-Ling
Published: January 2021

We studied terahertz pulse generation by a photoconductive dipole antenna excited by noise-like pulses both theoretically and experimentally.
Toward 10J, 100Hz active-mirror amplifier
Authors: Ogino Jumpei , Tokita Shigeki , Kitajima Shoutaro , Yoshida Hidetsugu , Li Zhaoyang , Motokoshi Shinji , Morio Noboru , Tsubakimoto Koji , Fujioka Kana , Kodama Ryosuke , Kawanaka Junji
Published: January 2021

We have developed a conductive-cooled Yb:YAG active-mirror amplifier with an diameter of 50 mm and a liquid-nitrogen circulation system. The high thermal capability that enables 10 J, 50 Hz laser amplification was demonstrated successfully.
Verdet Constant Dispersion Measurement of Synthetic Quartz in DUV Region
Authors: Tamaru Yuki , Chen Hengjun , Fuchimukai Atsushi , Uehara Hiyori , Miura Taisuke , Yasuhara Ryo
Published: January 2021

Verdet constant dispersion in synthetic quartz was evaluated with DUV light sources. The Verdet constant at 221 nm was determined to be 41.1 rad/Tm. The DUV optical isolator can realize with the moderate magnetic field.
Acoustic measurements of nanosecond laser-induced underwater filament
Authors: Yellaiah J. , Kiran P. Prem
Published: January 2021

The acoustic measurements of nanosecond (ns) laser-induced underwater filament showed a linear increase in the filament length with input laser energy despite the interference due to the multiple sources along the propagation direction.
Generation and Characterization of Stable Multi-Octave Supercontinuum Solely Based on ZBLAN Using 2µm Pulses from a Master Oscillator Fiber Amplifier (MOFA)
Authors: Rezvani Seyed Ali , Ogawa Kazuhiko , Fuji Takao
Published: January 2021

A stable multi-octave supercontinuum (SC) is generated in polarization-maintaining ZBLAN fiber using pulses from a master oscillator fiber amplifier. The SC is characterized using a sum-frequency generation cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating (SFG-XFROG).
755 nm Alexandrite Laser On-peak Pumped by a Frequency Doubled Raman Laser at 589 nm
Authors: Guan Chen , Zhao Zhigang , Liu Zhaojun , Cong Zhenhua , Wang Shiwu , Nie Yi , Zhang Lei , Zhang Xingyu
Published: January 2021

A 755 nm Alexandrite laser employing on-peak pumping at 589 nm is reported. A maximum average power is up to 2.51 W with a beam quality factor (M2) better than 1.25.
Demonstration of 20-W All-Fiber Oscillator Operating Near 980 nm with Cost-Effective Commercially-Available Double-Cladding Yb-Doped Fiber
Authors: Cao Jianqiu , Liu Aimin , Huang Zhihe , Chen Jinbao
Published: January 2021

A 20-W all-fiber oscillator operating near 980 nm is demonstrated with a commercially-available double-cladding Yb-doped fiber. 20.1-W output power is eventually obtained with the slope efficiency of 16.1% and the center wavelength around 978 nm.
High Performance C-Band InAs/InP QD Mode-locked Lasers for Tbit/s Optical Coherent Communication Applications
Authors: Mao Youxin , Lu Zhenguo , Liu Jiaren , Liu Guocheng , Poole Philip J.
Published: January 2021

We present an overview of material, fabrication, packaging and performance of the InAs/InP QD mode-locked laser technology developed at NRC. Tbit/s transmission capacity in the PAM-4 and 16-QAM modulation formats are demonstrated.
Distributed Spectral Filtering for Ultrafast Fiber Lasers
Authors: Zhou Tong , Du Qiang , Li Derun , Esarey Eric , Schroeder Carl , Geddes Cameron , Wilcox Russell
Published: January 2021

We propose a scalable method of distributed spectral filtering for multi-stage, chirped-pulse amplification fiber lasers, to compensate for gain narrowing in each stage. A proof-of-principle experiment shows bandwidth preservation after 75dB total gain.
Formation of Shape and Surface Quality of Laser Material Remelted Lines Obtained Through Defocusing
Authors: Cvijanovic Srdjan , Meshreqy Samer , Bordatchev Evgueni V. , Tutunea-Fatan Remus O.
Published: January 2021

Laser remelting (LRM) is a complex thermodynamic process that typically yields two main types of surface modifications: smoothing and bulging. These two changes are applicable to polishing and structuring, respectively. This study includes a preliminary analysis on the formation of shape and surface quality of LMR lines obtained with a defocused laser beam.
Optical biopsy of laryngeal lesions using femtosecond multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Zhang Hong , Chen Yan , Cao Dingfang , Li Wenjing , Jing Yanlei , Zhong Hua , Liu Honggang , Zhu Xin
Published: January 2021

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancy of the upper aerodigestive tract. Detection of early lesions in vivo could improve the survival rate significantly. In this study, we demonstrated that femtosecond multiphoton microscopy (MPM) is an effective tool to visualize the microscopic features within fixed laryngeal tissues, without sectioning, staining, or labeling. Accurate detection of lesions and determination of the tumor grading can be achieved, with excellent consistency with conventional histological examination. These results suggest that MPM may represent a powerful tool for in-vivo or fast ex-vivo diagnosis of laryngeal lesions at the point of care.
Towards a Compact High Efficiency FEL for Industrial Applications
Authors: Murokh Alex , Musumeci Pietro , Zholents Alexander , Webb Stephen
Published: January 2021

TESSA-266 is an experiment with the mission to demonstrate high extraction efficiency FEL in a strongly tapered regime, with the moderate seed at UV wavelengths. The project utilizes 375 MeV electron beam at Argonne LEA facility, and employs 4-meter long Theseus undulator system, based on a helical period-by-period tapered geometry. This paper reviews the need for high efficiency FELs, and specifically a motivation and a scientific case for the TESSA-266 collaboration. It also offers some insights into the design and optimization of the experimental configuration, provides a status update, and discusses near-term plans as well as a longer-term outlook, in the context of compact FEL applications in the industry.
Optimization and application of a high brightness Kα x-ray source driven by a 100 Hz multi-TW class femtosecond laser
Authors: Gambari M. , Clady R. , Stolidi A. , Utéza O. , Ferré A. , Sentis. M.
Published: January 2021

A 100 Hz sub-picosecond Kα x-ray source (17.48 keV) with a very high photon flux is thoroughly optimized to make x-ray phase contrast imaging in a large range of laser intensity up to 1019 W/cm2.
New Generation of Laser-driven X-ray Sources at ELI Beamlines
Authors: Nejdl J. , Chaulagain U. , Hort O. , Mai D. , Lera R. , Karatodorov S. , Albrecht M. , Jurkovič M. , Finke O. , Lamač M. , Raclavský M. , Vábek J.
Published: January 2021

We report on development of laser-driven X-ray sources at ELI Beamlines. Those include an XUV beamline based on high-order harmonic generation in gas, sources based on relativistic electrons accelerated by laser and plasma X-ray sources.
ELI-ELBA: fundamental science investigations with high power lasers at ELI-Beamlines
Authors: Grittani Gabriele , Lazzarini Carlo , Lorenz Sebastian , Nevrkla Michal , Vilanova Leonardo , Bulanov Sergei V. , Korn Georg
Published: January 2021

The ELI-ELBA scientific program is devoted to the experimental investigation of different fundamental scientific problems by using a combination of multi-PW and sub-PW lasers available at the ELI-Beamlines research facility. The core plasma technology used is laser wakefield acceleration, which is needed to produce ultra-relativistic electron beams in extremely short distances by using very high accelerating gradients (>100 MeV/mm). ELI-ELBA experiments driven by multi-PW laser systems aim at the acceleration of multi-GeV electron beams for counter-propagating them with intense (>1020 W/cm2) laser pulses in order to study novel regimes of electromagnetic field interaction with matter and quantum vacuum. Different techniques of electron injection inside the plasma wave are investigated and compared, with the goal of producing stable and reproducible electron beams. Among the techniques investigated, the best results have been obtained with shock assisted ionization injection, where the injection of the electron inside the plasma waves is limited transversally by the ionization potential of high Z gas and longitudinally by plasma density tailoring.(/p)(p)ELI-ELBA experiments driven by TW laser systems aim at the understanding of laser wakefield acceleration in near critical density plasmas. Moreover, these laser systems can be operated at kHz repetition rate, resulting in an increased average beam power which is of interest for multi-disciplinary applications of laser wakefield acceleration, including medical imaging, radiobiology, and non-destructive testing. In order to successfully perform laser wakefield acceleration with TW kHz laser systems, the laser time duration has to be carefully tuned. In fact, single cycle laser pulses will limit the accelerating length and, on the other hand, laser pulses longer than the plasma wavelength might lead to laser defocusing induced by the plasma waves. (/p)(p)In the presentation the actual status of the beamline will be presented, along with recent experimental and theoretical results obtained as part of the group activity.
Effect of Doping Profile on the Threshold for the Parasitic Lasing and Thermoelastic Deformations in the Fe:ZnSe Laser with a Disk Geometry of the Active Element
Authors: Alekseev E.E. , Andronova N.M. , Kazantsev S.Y. , Mashkovtseva L.S.
Published: January 2021

It has been shown by numerical simulation that the inhomogeneous distribution of alloying centers in a Fe:ZnSe laser makes it possible to increase the threshold for parasitic lasing and reduce the thermooptical distortions.
Obtaining a Supercritical Fluid by Exposing Water to Coherent Mid-IR Radiation
Authors: Andreev S.N. , Artem’ev K.V. , Kazantsev S.Y.
Published: January 2021

The optical phenomena arising from the action of a high power pulse of a non-chain electrochemical HF laser on water in a transparent cylindrical vessel are investigated.
Luminosity Enhancement in Laser-Compton Scattering by Crab Crossing
Authors: Koshiba Yuya , Morita Ryosuke , Yamashita Koki , Washio Masakazu , Sakaue Kazuyuki , Higashiguchi Takeshi , Urakawa Junji
Published: January 2021

X-ray enhancement by the crab crossing of electrons and laser photons in laser-Compton scattering (LCS) is studied. Current status of our crab crossing LCS experiment and the development of thin-disk regenerative amplifier is reported.
Design Optimization of High-Peak-Brilliance Compton Light Sources
Authors: Pogorelsky I. , Shaftan T. , Polyanskiy M.
Published: January 2021

Pairing DAΦNE and CBETA accelerators with a CO2 laser operating in a repetitive pulse-burst mode results in 1021 ph/(s·mm2·mrad2·0.1%BW) peak brilliance at 50-1000 keV comparable to the capabilities of synchrotron light sources at hard x-rays.
Directed Heavy ion emission from plasmas with sub-relativistic laser intensities
Authors: Rahul S V , Sabui R , Mondal Angana , Kumar Rakesh , Sairam T , Gopal Ram , Krishnamurthy M
Published: January 2021

We present results of studies to understand the physics of ion acceleration from plasmas generated at subrelativistic laser intensities using mass limited targets & outline an energy resolved ion imaging technique using CR39 track detectors.
Strong-Field Ionization in Bicircular Laser Fields
Authors: Chaloupka Jan L.
Published: January 2021

Ionization with intense bicircular laser pulses is studied using a classical ensemble method utilizing a high-performance computing cluster. Electron momenta, energy, timing, and rescattering trajectories are explored as a function of laser field parameters.
Highly efficient THz pulse generation in semiconductors utilizing contact-gratings technology
Authors: Mbithi Nelson , Krizsán Gergő , Polónyi Gyula , Tibai Zoltan , Hebling János , Fülöp József A.
Published: January 2021

Simulations of contact grating design parameters in the wavelength range of 1.76-3.9 µm are presented for gallium arsenide and gallium phosphide. Diffraction efficiencies as high as 80% and 90% have been achieved in GaAs and GaP respectively.
Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplifier Producing Ultrashort 10.5 mJ Pulses at 1.55 µm
Authors: Mathijssen Jan , de Faria Pinto Tiago , Schulte Amelie , Eikema Kjeld , Witte Stefan
Published: January 2021

We present a 1.55 µm OPCPA system delivering 10.5 mJ, 220 fs pulses at 100 Hz repetition rate. It is pumped by a picosecond Nd:YAG amplifier and seeded by a femtosecond mode-locked Er fiber laser.
Radially polarized few-cycle pulses generated by post-compression in thin fused silica plates
Authors: Cao H. , Nagymihaly R. S. , Khodakovskiy N. , Pajer V. , Bohus J. , Lopez-Martens R. , Kalashnikov M.
Published: January 2021

We experimentally demonstrate the generation of radially polarized few-cycle pulses by post-compression of 25fs pulses in multiple thin plates. Around 100 µJ energy sub-7fs pulses with radial polarization were measured. This method can be scaled up to the millijoule energy level.
Spatio-temporal characterization of a femtosecond filament along its length
Authors: Jusko Christoph , Neoričić Lana , Mikaelsson Sara , Garmirian Félix , Guo Chen , Zhong Shiyang , Major Balázs , Miranda Miguel , Morgner Uwe , L’Huillier Anne , Couairon Arnaud , Kovačev Milutin , Arnold Cord L.
Published: January 2021

We present an experimental method capable of characterizing spatio-temporal dynamics of a femtosecond filament v ia F ourier t ransform i nterferometry, p roviding a three-dimensional reconstruction of the driving pulse, while scanning along the entire length of the filament.
70 W Yb:YLF Cryogenically-Cooled Regenerative Amplifier
Authors: Cankaya Huseyin , Demirbas Umit , Hua Yi , Thesinga Jelto , Pergament Mikhail , Kärtner Franz X.
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate a cryogenically-cooled Yb:YLF regenerative amplifier delivering 20-mJ pulses at 3.5 kHz corresponding to 70 W average power. The pulses possess 2.1 nm spectral bandwidth centered at 1019 nm supporting sub-ps pulses.
1 kW CW Fiber-coupled Diode Laser with Enhanced Brightness
Authors: Garre-Werner Guillermo , Montiel-Ponsoda Joan J. , Raab Volker , Safont Gemma , Bree Carsten , Radziunas Mindaugas , Cojocaru Crina , Staliunasb Kestutis
Published: January 2021

We developed a 1kW cw fiber-coupled diode laser at 9XX nm by employing Lyot-filtered optical reinjection from an external cavity. This technique is insensitive to the thermal drift of the laser diodes. The FWHM spectral width at 1 kW output power is only around 7 nm.
Generation of intense isolated CEP-tunable sub-cycle pulses in laser-driven wakes
Authors: Siminos E. , Thiele I.
Published: January 2021

We present a scheme which leverages laser-driven wakes in plasmas to produce carrier-envelope-phase tunable sub-cycle pulses with central wavelength ranging from the midinfrared to the ultraviolet and up to few tens of mJ energy.
High Pulse Energy CEP-stable Few-cycle Pulses at High Average Power: Status of the ELI-ALPS HR2 System
Authors: Hädrich Steffen , Walther Nico , Shestaev Evgeny , Nagy Tamas , Simon Peter , Blumenstein Andreas , Klas Robert , Buldt Joachim , Stark Henning , Breitkopf Sven , Jójárt Péter , Seres Imre , Várallyay Zoltán , Börzsönyi Ádám , Eidam Tino , Limpert Jens
Published: January 2021

Multi-mJ, 10fs pulses at average powers beyond 300W are generated by 30-times compression of the output of an Yb-fiber-CPA in a 6m long stretched capillary. Recent progress on CEP stabilization of this system is presented.
Transient grating single-shot supercontinuum spectral interferometry (TG-SSSI)
Authors: Zahedpour S. , Hancock S.W. , Milchberg H. M.
Published: January 2021

We present the first single-shot method for the measurement of the spatiotemporal phase and amplitude of ultrashort structured (e.g. spatiotemporal windings) and unstructured laser pulses by incorporating an interferometric reference into single-shot supercontinuum spectral interferometry.
Using Femtosecond Terawatt Lasers for X-ray and Two-photon Fluorescence Imaging of Atomizing Sprays
Authors: Guénot D. , Berrocal E. , Svendsen K. , Björklund J. , Ekerfelt H. , Persson A. , Lundh O.
Published: January 2021

This presentation will show our latest results on the use of soft X-rays emitted from a laser plasma accelerator for the visualization of an an atomizing spray used in the automotive industry.
Experiment on Long-Wave IR Terawatt Laser Pulse Compression to Sub-Picoseconds
Authors: Pogorelsky I. , Polyanskiy M. , Babzien M. , Palmer M.
Published: January 2021

2-ps, 1-TW CO2 laser pulses have been compressed down to 126 fs with a simultaneous peak power enhancement via self-phase modulation followed by negative group dispersion in a bulk sodium chloride crystal.
Coherent mid-infrared supercontinuum generation for pulse compression in a silicon-based chip
Authors: Sinobad Milan , Torre Alberto Della , Armand Remi , Luther-Davies Barry , Ma Pan , Madden Stephen , Mitchell Arnan , Moss David J. , Hartmann Jean-Michel , Fedeli Jean-Marc , Monat Christelle , Grillet Christian
Published: January 2021

We report coherent supercontinuum generation spanning from 2.8 to 5.7 µm in an all-normal dispersion SiGe-on-Si waveguide pumped with 205 fs pulses at 4 μm. We demonstrate by simulations pulse compression to around 22 fs.
High-pulse-energy Q-switched Ho3+:YAG laser
Authors: Büker H. , Braesicke P. , Kieleck C. , Eichhorn M.
Published: January 2021

We report on a high-energy Ho3+:YAG laser with a maximum average power of 20.1W at a central wavelength of 2.09µm and M2 < 1.5. In Q-switched operation a maximum pulse energy of 15mJ at 700Hz repetition rate was achieved.
A compact mid-infrared dual-comb spectrometer for field deployment
Authors: Cossel K.C. , Ycas G. , Giorgetta F.R. , Baumann E. , Friedlein J. T. , Waxman E.M. , Herman D.I. , Newbury N.R. , Coddington I.
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate a robust, portable mid-infrared dual-comb spectrometer based on modelocked fiber lasers and difference frequency generation, allowing high resolution, open-path spectroscopy in the 3.1-4 m spectral region. Work of the US Government and not subject to copyright.
Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in polarization maintained ZBLAN fibers using a femtosecond Tm:YAP laser
Authors: Rezvani S. A. , Nomura Y. , Ogawa K. , Fuji T.
Published: January 2021

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in polarization-maintained fluoride fibers has been demonstrated. The coherence of the supercontinuum is dramatically im-proved by reducing the round trip number of the 2 µm Tm:YAP regenerative amplifier.
An Indirect Determination of the Polarization Anisotropy in a Quantum Cascade Laser Under Strong Cross-Polarization Feedback
Authors: Spitz O. , Herdt A. , Carras M. , Maisons G. , Elsäßer W. , Grillot F.
Published: January 2021

This work demonstrates that a non TM-polarized wave can be generated by a quantum cascade laser subjected to strong cross-polarization optical feedback. This finding is used to determine the anisotropy between the two existing polarizations
Ultra-Broadband UV to THz Coherent Radiation from Two-Color Mid-Infrared Interactions in Thin Gas Jets
Authors: Schwartz Robert M. , Woodbury Daniel , Waczynski Stefan , Rockafellow Ela , Kim K.Y. , Milchberg H. M.
Published: January 2021

We report experimental results and simulations of multi-octave Brunel-like harmonic and THz coherent generation from the interaction of two-color mid-infrared laser fields in thin gas jets, preferentially enhancing the ionization-driven bound-free transition nonlinearity.
A regularized functional regression model enabling transcriptome-wide dosage-dependent association study of cancer drug response
Authors: Koukouli Evanthia , Wang Dennis , Dondelinger Frank , Park Juhyun
Published: January 2021

Cancer treatments can be highly toxic and frequently only a subset of the patient population will benefit from a given treatment. Tumour genetic makeup plays an important role in cancer drug sensitivity. We suspect that gene expression markers could be used as a decision aid for treatment selection or dosage tuning. Usingin vitrocancer cell line dose-response and gene expression data from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) project, we build a dose-varying regression model. Unlike existing approaches, this allows us to estimate dosage-dependent associations with gene expression. We include the transcriptomic profiles as dose-invariant covariates into the regression model and assume that their effect varies smoothly over the dosage levels. A two-stage variable selection algorithm (variable screening followed by penalized regression) is used to identify genetic factors that are associated with drug response over the varying dosages. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method using simulation studies focusing on the choice of tuning parameters and cross-validation for predictive accuracy assessment. We further apply the model to data from fiveBRAFtargeted compounds applied to different cancer cell lines under different dosage levels. We highlight the dosage-dependent dynamics of the associations between the selected genes and drug response, and we perform pathway enrichment analysis to show that the selected genes play an important role in pathways related to tumorigenesis and DNA damage response.
Functional and transcriptional profiling of non-coding RNAs in yeast reveal context-dependent phenotypes and in trans effects on the protein regulatory network
Authors: Balarezo-Cisneros Laura Natalia , Parker Steven , Fraczek Marcin G. , Timouma Soukaina , Wang Ping , O’Keefe Raymond T. , Millar Catherine B. , Delneri Daniela
Published: January 2021

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including the more recently identified Stable Unannotated Transcripts (SUTs) and Cryptic Unstable Transcripts (CUTs), are increasingly being shown to play pivotal roles in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of genes in eukaryotes. Here, we carried out a large-scale screening of ncRNAs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and provide evidence for SUT and CUT function. Phenotypic data on 372 ncRNA deletion strains in 23 different growth conditions were collected, identifying ncRNAs responsible for significant cellular fitness changes. Transcriptome profiles were assembled for 18 haploid ncRNA deletion mutants and 2 essential ncRNA heterozygous deletants. Guided by the resulting RNA-seq data we analysed the genome-wide dysregulation of protein coding genes and non-coding transcripts. Novel functional ncRNAs, SUT125, SUT126, SUT035 and SUT532 that act in trans by modulating transcription factors were identified. Furthermore, we described the impact of SUTs and CUTs in modulating coding gene expression in response to different environmental conditions, regulating important biological process such as respiration (SUT125, SUT126, SUT035, SUT432), steroid biosynthesis (CUT494, SUT053, SUT468) or rRNA processing (SUT075 and snR30). Overall, these data capture and integrate the regulatory and phenotypic network of ncRNAs and protein-coding genes, providing genome-wide evidence of the impact of ncRNAs on cellular homeostasis.