bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Decision Support System and Warehouse Operations Design for Pricing Products and Minimizing Product Returns in a Food Plant
Authors: Giat Yahel , Bouhnik Dan
Published: January 2021

Aim/Purpose: The first goal is to develop a decision support system for pricing and production amounts for a firm facing high levels of product returns. The second goal is to improve the management of the product returns process.

Background: This study was conducted at a food importer and manufacturer in Israel facing a very high rate of product returns, much of which is eventually discarded. The firm’s products are commonly considered to be a low-cost generic alternative and are therefore popular among low-income families.

Methodology: A decision support module was added to the plant’s business information system. The module is based on a supply chain pricing model and uses the sales data to infer future demand’s distribution. Ergonomic models were used to improve the design of the returns warehouse and the handling of the returns.

Contribution: The decision support system allows to improve the plant’s pricing and quantity planning. Consequently, it reduced the size of product returns. The new design of the returns process is expected to improve worker’s productivity, reduces losses and results in safer outcomes. This study also demonstrates a successful integration and of a theoretical economical model into an information system.

Findings: The results show the promise of incorporating pricing supply chain models into informing systems to achieve a practical business task. We were able to construct actual demand distributions from the data and offer actual pricing recommendations that reduce the number of returns while increasing potential profits. We were able to identify key deficiencies in the returns operations and added a module to the decisions support system that improves the returns management and links it with the sales and pricing modules. Finally, we produced a better warehouse design that supports efficient and ergonomic product returns handling.

Recommendations for Practitioners: This work can be replicated for different suppliers, manufacturers and retailers that suffer from product returns. They will benefit from the reduction in returns, as well as the decrease in the losses associated with these returns.

Recommendation for Researchers: It is worthwhile to research whether decision support systems can be applied to other aspects of the organizations’ operations.

Impact on Society: Product returns is a lose-lose situation for producers, retailers and customers. Moreover, mismanagement of these returns is harmful for the environment and may result in the case of foods, in health hazards. Reducing returns and improving the handling improves sustainability and is beneficial for society.

Future Research: The decision support system’s underlying pricing model assumes a specific business setting. This can be extended using other pricing models and applying them in a similar fashion to the current application.
ILLUSTRATIONS TO THE RUSSIAN TRANSLATION OF “THE ADVENTURES OF A LITTLE PREHISTORIC BOY” (1929) BY ERNEST D'HERVILLY IN THE SCOPE OF LITERARY WORKS ABOUT PEOPLE OF THE STONE AGE FROM THE STATE DARWIN MUSEUM COLLECTION
Authors:   State Darwin Museum, Vasilyeva Anna V.
Published: January 2021

The article dwells on the study of the image of a prehistoric man portrayed in children books illustrations and museum exhibitions’ design (paintings, sculptures) in 1920-1930s using the example of works from the State Darwin Museum funds. During this period, famous artists of children's books Vasily Vatagin and Mikhail Ezuchevsky worked at the State Darwin Museum. They were also well versed in anthropology and ethnography. Their drawings were the first Soviet illustrations for the book by Ernest d'Hervilly “The Adventures of a little prehistoric boy”, which became a popular science book for children in the USSR about prehistoric people. V.A. Vatagin, M.D. Ezuchevsky and A.N. Komarov created a number of paintings and sculptures about the life of prehistoric people for the exposition of the State Darwin Museum in the first half of the XX century. Illustrations and artworks introduced the element of entertainment and emotional appeal to the museum’s exhibitions, which otherwise were purely informative and rather cold-eyed.
WHEN DID THE CINEMA GO WIDESCREEN?
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Filippov Sergei A.
Published: January 2021

In the third paper of a series of articles on the dating of technical transitions in cinema, the transition to widescreen format is discussed. In accordance with the methodology adopted in the series, such a date is the transition through the middle, that is in this case the situation, when most films are shot with an aspect ratio exceeding 2:1. According to statistics collected at IMDB, this process turned out to be extremely long: if the active phases of the sound and color transitions took one to two decades, then the widescreen one took more than half a century. After the development of principal systems in the early fifties, cinema at first abandoned the Academy ratio as the dominative one a decade later, and then, in the mid-eighties, it turned out to the masked formats, and only in the early 2010s the cinema finally became widescreen. At that, both the initial impulse to the widescreen transition and the transition itself sixty years later, were the consequences of competition with the television. This was due to, in the first case, its initial expansion in the 4:3 format, and in the second one, the turning to 16:9 ratio.
ZERO IDENTITY DRAMA: THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE SUPERFLUOUS PERSON IN RUSSIAN CINEMA
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kolotaev Vladimir A.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the phenomenon of Russian film drama, which is expressed in violation of the traditional principles of action development. The script structure of films about the superfluous person that appeared in the era of late stagnation in the late 1970s - mid-1980s lacks the usual set of elements of the hero's path, the actions he takes or, according to V. Propp, functions that open up the opportunity for this hero, after passing tests of initiation, to change essentially. Numerous actions and conflicts of the heroes of such films as Vacation in September by V. Melnichenko or Flights in a dream and in reality by R. Balayan, evoking an emotional response from the viewer, do not lead to the transformation of the inner world of the hero, and at the level of drama, to the construction action, character arch development. The heirs of the superfluous people of the Russian classical literature, possessing powerful reflection, are not able to accept social values, identify with the categories of the group, or shape their own models of identity. This position of being outside, defining the dramatic paradox of films about the superfluous people (the emotional involvement of the viewer in the absence of an event canvas, narrative as a logically connected set of actions leading the hero to gain a new status through overcoming obstacles) is explained by the zero level of identity. A look at the personality structure of the superfluous people through the prism of E. Erickson's theory of ego-identity formation and our theory of identity development (V.A. Kolotaev, E.V. Ulybina) allows us to say that the heroes have not gone through any of the stages of identity evolution. They have not gone through any of the normative crises of the life cycle history, and it is precisely the zero degree of identity that determines the paradoxical form of the hero's trajectory, the path without actions.
DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF “POVERTY” IN RUSSIAN DIGITAL LIFESTYLE-MEDIA (CASE STUDY OF THE “AFISHA DAILY” AND “THE VILLAGE” PUBLICATIONS)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Eltsova Ksenia K. , Yudina Elena M. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities,   School # 1259
Published: January 2021

The article examines the emergence of the concept of “poverty” in the mid-2010s in two digital publications considered to be flagships of the “urban” lifestyle media in Russia – “The Afisha.Daily” and “The Village”. The coming into discourses on success and well-being (including the financial one) of a concept that is hardly associated with success and well-being looks like a significant departure from the сanon of lifestyle media, and therefore it is important for a closer study. The analysis is done within theoretical and methodological framework of cultural and media studies; a combination of discourse-analysis’ methods and techniques is addressed for work with digital media texts. The results obtained allowed to determine ways of constructing of “poverty” and to identify discursive strategies by which it is instrumentalized in the media under investigation.
ICONOGRAPHY OF THE REWARDING SCENE FROM THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PRIVATE TOMBS OF THE XIX DYNASTY
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Ershova Elena S.
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of the king’s rewarding of the court officials and warriors for the loyal service reached the peak of its development during the New Kingdom Era, which is confirmed by lots of historical sources, as well as the scenes depicting the king’s rewarding the noble people which first appeared in private tombs during the reign of Thutmose IV and went on appearing during the whole New Kingdom Era. This article deals with the rewarding scenes which can be seen in private tombs in Thebes and which are dating back to Dynasty XIX period. Painting of private tombs of Dynasty XIX is characterized by fewer number of scenes depicting services and daily life of officials, and, to the contrary, larger amount of scenes related to the posthumous existence of the tomb owner. There are only three rewarding scenes in the private tombs dated back to the period in question, and these scenes can be found in the burials of Paser, the mayor of Thebes (TT 106), Apy the sculptor (TT 217) as well as in the burial of Thai who was a royal scribe. The composition of these scenes is based on scenes dated back to the period of Dynasty XVIII reign, however, they are smaller in scale.
FOUR RELIGIOUS PAINTINGS OF THE MIDDLE OF THE XVIII CENTURY FROM THE CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST OF THE GREAT TSARSKOYE SELO PALACE
Authors:   Leningrad state University named after A.S. Pushkin, Korshunova Natalya G.
Published: January 2021

For the first time in scientific circulation information is being introduced about four religious paintings of the middle of the XVIII century which stayed safe after the looting of the Church of the Resurrection of Christ of the Great Palace of Tsarskoe Selo during the German occupation of the town of Pushkin in 1941-1944. These are the work of artists: I.P. Argunov’s “John of Damascus”, G.G. Deryabi’s “Healing of the Relaxed”, M.L. Kolokolnikov’s “Archangel Michael” and “Archangel Gabriel”. For the first time, information about four preserved Church images of the middle of the XVIII century from the Court Church of the Resurrection in the Big (Catherine) Tsarskoye Selo Palace is introduced into scientific circulation. Stylistic, iconographic and comparative analysis of these works is carried out. The typological systematization of the picturesque design of the temple is introduced. For the first time, the iconographic connection of the plot of images of the Court Church with the engravings of the Western European Bibles, in particular with the engravings of the Bible (1695) by Weigel is revealed. Information about the museum status of the preserved works is given. Two periods in the work of the creation of the picturesque decoration of the Court Church in the middle of the XVIII century are considered on the example of the preserved works.
ENGLISH ARCHITECTURAL CAPRICCIO IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEADING ART STYLES OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Guseva Ksenia E.
Published: January 2021

Architectural capriccio in the context of the development of the landscape genre, formed in Italy in the 15th – 16th centuries, has gained currency in English art 19th-century. This was facilitated by cultural, historical, political and social reasons. The methodological features of architectural capriccio in the 19th century was influenced by various artistic and art styles in English. The article is devoted to the prerequisites for the formation and dissemination of “capriccio” in the work of English architects and artists: C. Cockerell, J. M. Gandy, T. Cole and others in the cultural and historical context of the 19th century. The article also points out the creative methods and techniques for the formation of the genre of architectural fantasies in the period of changing style canons, the development of eclecticism and romanticism in the art of the 19th century. The causes of reminiscence of Gothic architectural forms in the capriccio genre by English artists of the 19th century are also discussed in detail in that article.
DOMESTIC CHILDREN'S PORTRAIT OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY: ROMANTIC IMAGES OF ANGELS, “NOBLE SAVAGE” AND HERO
Authors:   State Russian Museum, Abdullina Darina A. ,   Russian State Pedagogical University named after A.I. Herzen
Published: January 2021

The article considers the children's portrait in Russian painting of the first third of the XIX century on the example of the works of O.A. Kiprensky, K.P. Bryullov, V.G. Varnek, V.A. Tropinin, A.G. Venetsianov and other portraitists of that time. The author identifies the most common “types” or variants of children's images in portraits, namely: children-angels, “noble savages”, children-heroes and “exemplary children”. The emergence of these “formulas of representation” is associated with the development of the so-called romantic concept of childhood, which assumes, in comparison with the previous era of “little adults”, a special attitude to the children's world as a lost ideal, a “Golden age” and programs for the future. The publication traces how the development of the genre and its imagery was affected by the actualization of romanticism trends in the visual arts of that time.
THE PROBLEM OF ATTRIBUTION OF PRODUCTS OF THE TRADE AND INDUSTRIAL PARTNERSHIP “P.I. OLOVYANISHNIKOV'S SONS” IN THE LIGHT OF NEW INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Pankratov Sergey S.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of attribution of individual works of the commercial and industrial partnership “P.I. Olovyanishnikov's sons”. The article describes for the first time previously unknown divisions of the Partnership, such as the icon painting studio, painting, embroidery and carpentry workshops, brocade factory, and indicates sources confirming their existence. The date of creation of the Church utensils factory in Moscow has been revealed. For the first time, the structure of the Partnership, its staff and their qualifications are analyzed. The relationship between the Partnership and the Stroganov school is revealed. The article analyzes the relationship between Olovyanishnikov and other manufacturers of art products and the artist M.V. Nesterov. The article describes the principles of product separation depending on its artistic merits. We consider the profile reference materials printed publications of the enterprise, which contain information about the types of products of the Partnership.
Cuantificación de azúcares reductores del sustrato en residuos de piña con el método del ácido 3,5-dinitrosalicílico
Authors: Burgos Montañez Lady Johanna
Published: January 2021

El desecho de piña posee gran cantidad de azúcares, que pueden aprovecharse para que los microorganismos los degraden y generen metabolitos o productos de fermentación. Trabajos relacionados utilizan el método propuesto por Miller (1959, pp. 426-428), que usa el ácido 3,5-dinitrosalicilico para determinar la concentración de azúcares reductores. En este ejercicio se aplicó este método, con el fin de determinar el contenido de azúcares reductores del sustrato en piña (Ananas cosmosus) en un caldo de fermentación con Lactobacillus acidophillus (o lactobacilo acidófilo) mediante un método experimental, agregando ácido 3,5-dinitrosalicílico o DNS a cada muestra. Este es un método colorimétrico para determinar absorbancias de luz a una longitud de onda de 540 nm. Se preparó inicialmente el reactivo DNS, se elaboró una curva de calibración de glucosa con diferentes concentraciones. También se tomaron las muestras de caldo fermentado y se procedió a agregar el ácido 3,5-dinitrosalicílico a cada solución de glucosa y cada muestra. Además, se determinaron las absorbancias de cada solución en un espectrofotómetro. En la curva de calibración se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación igual a 0,993. Así se alcanzaron valores en las concentraciones de sustrato desde 2,773 g/L hasta 4,654 g/L. Se evidenció un coeficiente de correlación cercano a 1, que indica la perfecta correlación entre datos. Además, se observó que a medida que aumentó el tiempo de la fermentación, la concentración de azúcares reductores disminuyó. El método de Miller mostró un alto coeficiente de correlación, siendo un método efectivo para la determinación de azúcares reductores en piña.
Diseño de la automatización de la cámara climatizada para pruebas de equipos y materiales
Authors: Soto Osorio María Paula , Silva García Juan Camilo , Morales Granados Miguel Alfonso , Urrego Rodríguez Carlos
Published: January 2021

El artículo describe los sistemas de instrumentación, control y supervisión determinados mediante la evaluación de los requerimientos de instrumentación de la ingeniería básica de la cámara climatizada del anteproyecto de Reglamento Técnico de Etiquetado, RETIQ, (2014) y las Normas Técnicas Colombianas 5310 (Instituto Colombiano de Normas Técnicas [ICONTEC], 2004), y 5891 (ICONTEC, 2011). Se aplicó un modelo matemático para hallar parámetros de diseño relacionados con la trasferencia de calor, se eligieron los equipos y, finalmente, se simuló el diseño de automatización en el software de instrumentación virtual, LabVIEW, el cual unifica los sistemas, el modelo matemático y la instrumentación seleccionada. El resultado de esta simulación permitió analizar el comportamiento de la cámara climatizada si usara el diseño de la automatización, pues cumple con los requerimientos nombrados y funciona controlando condiciones atmosféricas específicas para llevar a cabo pruebas de consumo energético a equipos de refrigeración y materiales.
Desarrollo de un sistema de supervisión de variables de funcionamiento para la planta térmica de la Fundación Universidad de América
Authors: López Agudelo Sebastián , Morales Gómez José Luis , Morales Granados Miguel Alfonso , Urrego Rodríguez Carlos
Published: January 2021

Este proyecto desarrolló la programación de una pantalla que funciona como herramienta de monitoreo para la planta térmica adquirida por la Universidad. Apoyado por LabVieW, el aplicativo se fundamentó en la instrumentación de la planta con el fin de analizar los datos obtenidos por los sensores. Para el funcionamiento de esta herramienta fue necesario caracterizar los componentes de la planta; así se entendió cómo opera y qué propiedades de comunicación incluye, asimismo se realizó el plano P&ID, en el que se identificaron los lazos de control. Con estos parámetros se diseñó un software interactivo, que, a través de una interfaz de usuario, informa al operario sobre el estado de los equipos, las alarmas, los datos en tiempo real, la adquisición de estos, su historial y las eventualidades en los aparatos. Las similitudes con el sistema SCADA podrán aplicarse en investigación como complemento del conocimiento práctico en las materias afines.
AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI ASAP CAIR DARI TANDAN KOSONG Elaeis guineensis Jacq.TERHADAP Colletotrichum sp. (WA2)
Authors: Wardoyo Elvi Rusmiyanto Pancaning , Anggraeni Widya , Rahmawati . , Oramahi Hasan Ashari
Published: January 2021

Antifungal Activity of Wood Vinegar derived from Oil Palm Empty Bunches against Colletotrichum sp. (WA2)
Colletotrichum sp. is a fungus that causes anthracnose in cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.).  An alternative natural control for this fungus is using wood vinegar. The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal properties of wood vinegar from oil palm empty bunches (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) against Colletotrichum sp. The antifungal test was carried out using the solid dilution method by poisoning food in potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Colletotrichum sp. used was isolated from red chili which had anthracnose symptoms. This experimental research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 treatments, namely, negative control (non-liquid smoke), positive control (Dithane M45 at 0.20%), liquid smoke concentration of 0.40; 0.42; 0.44; 0.46; 0.48; 0.50; and 0.52%. Anova test results showed wood vinegar from empty fruit bunches of E. guineensis at concentrations of 0.40; 0.42; 0.44; 0.46 and 0.48% differed significantly from negative control, positive control, and concentrations of 0.50 and 0.52%. The concentration of 0.42% was the minimum inhibitory concentration with an average value of 87.98% inhibition and a very strong activity level. In conclusion, the wood vinegar from E. guineensis can be used to control Colletotrichum sp fungus at an effective concentration of 0.42%.
Colletotrichum sp. merupakan jamur penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Salah satu alternatif pengendalian secara alami terhadap jamur tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan asap cair. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat antijamur asap cair dari tandan kosong Elaeis guineensis Jacq (kelapa sawit) terhadap Colletotrichum sp. Uji antijamur dilakukan dengan metode dilusi padat melalui cara poisoning food dalam media potato dextrose agar (PDA). Isolat jamur Colletotrichum sp. yang digunakan merupakan hasil isolasi dari tanaman cabe merah yang bergejala antraknosa. Metode penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 9 perlakuan, yaitu kontrol negatif (tanpa asap cair), kontrol positif (Dithane M45 sebesar 0,20%), konsentrasi asap cair sebesar 0,40; 0,42; 0,44; 0,46; 0,48; 0,50; dan 0,52%. Hasil uji Anova menunjukkan asap cair dari tandan kosong E. guineensis pada konsentrasi 0,40; 0,42; 0,44; 0,46; dan 0,48% berbeda secara signifikan dengan kontrol negatif, kontrol positif dan konsentrasi 0,50 dan 0,52%. Konsentrasi 0,42% merupakan konsentrasi hambat minimum dengan nilai rata-rata penghambatan sebesar 87,98% dan tingkat aktivitas sangat kuat. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa asap cair dari tandan kosong E. guineensis dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan jamur Colletotrichum sp. pada konsentrasi efektif 0,42%.
EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum) TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ramadhani Ardia , Saadah Susy , Sogandi Sogandi
Published: January 2021

Antibacterial Effect of Clove Leaf Extract (Syzygium aromaticum) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are microorganisms that cause infection. Overcoming infection using antibiotics is known to generate bacteria that are resistant to some antibiotics, hence the need of other antibacterial resources. One of the natural sources that can be utilized is clove leaf (Syzygium aromaticum). This study aims to determine the types of compounds contained in clove leaves and their inhibitory activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The study began with extraction using maceration techniques, then the separation of the compounds through ethanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate fractionation. Next step was the identification of secondary metabolites of clove leaf compounds using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active in inhibiting the growth of E. coli and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory value (MIC) of 10%. The most dominant compound in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be caffeine with a content of 23.36%. 
Keywords: antibacterial, clove leaves, GC-MS, MIC, Syzygium aromaticum
ABSTRAK
Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus adalah mikroorganisme penyebab infeksi. Penanggulangan infeksi menggunakan antibiotik telah memunculkan bakteri yang resisten terhadap beberapa antibiotik sehingga perlu mencari sumber antibakteri lain. Salah satu bahan alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis senyawa yang terkandung dalam daun cengkeh dan aktivitas penghambatannya terhadap bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Penelitian diawali dengan ekstraksi menggunakan teknik maserasi, kemudian dilakukan pemisahan senyawa berdasarkan tingkat kepolaran melalui fraksinasi etanol, n-heksan, dan etil asetat. Hasil fraksinasi diujikan ke bakteri uji. Identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder daun cengkeh menggunakan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat paling aktif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus dengan nilai kadar hambat minimum (KHM) 10%. Senyawa paling dominan pada fraksi etil asetat adalah kafein dengan kadar 23,36%.
DAYA REGENERASI KALUS DAN TUNAS IN VITRO PADI VARIETAS TARABAS PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI 2,4-D
Authors: Fanata Wahyu Indra Duwi , Qudsiyah Dalliyah Hadrotul
Published: January 2021

In Vitro Callus and Plant Regeneration Rate of Tarabas Rice on Several Concentrations of 2,4-D
The Agricultural Research and Development Agency and the West Java Provincial Government are developing new superior varieties with Japonica rice standards, namely the Tarabas variety. However, the equivalence of somatic embryogenesis ability of Tarabas rice with original Japonica variety has not been reported. In this study, the frequency of callus regeneration of Tarabas vs Hwayoung rice varieties was compared. Induction of callus from mature embryos with several concentrations of 2,4-D showed the same extent of callus formation in both rice varieties. Callus induced by 1 ppm of 2,4-D showed the higher rate of shoot formation. On the other hand, percentage of callus formation of Tarabas rice was not affected by the increase of 2,4-D concentrations and was able to show 100% regeneration rate  at the fourth week in the regeneration medium, although the shoot growth was not as fast as those from medium with 1 ppm 2,4-D. Therefore, these results suggest that Tarabas variety has a somatic embryogenesis capacity equivalent to that of japonica rice and has the potential as research objects in the field of biotechnology.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian serta Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat mengembangkan varietas unggul baru dengan standar padi Japonica yaitu varietas Tarabas. Namun, kesetaraan varietas Tarabas dengan varietas Japonica asli dalam kemampuan embriogenesis somatik belum dilaporkan. Penelitian ini membandingkan respons kultur jaringan antara beras Tarabas dan padi Japonica varietas Hwayoung. Induksi kalus dari embrio matang dengan beberapa konsentrasi 2,4-D menunjukkan respons pembentukan kalus yang sama pada kedua varietas padi. Kalus yang diinduksi 1 ppm 2,4-D menunjukkan laju pembentukan tunas yang lebih tinggi. Di sisi lain, kalus Hwayoung yang diinduksi konsentrasi 2,4-D yang lebih tinggi menunjukkan penghambatan dalam pembentukan tunas. Di lain pihak, pembentukan kalus padi Tarabas tidak terpengaruh oleh peningkatan konsentrasi 2,4-D dan mampu menunjukkan 100% laju regenerasi tanaman pada minggu keempat di media regenerasi walaupun pertumbuhan tunas tidak secepat pada perlakuan 1 ppm 2,4-D. Karena itu, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa varietas Tarabas memiliki kapasitas embriogenesis somatik yang setara dengan padi japonica dan padi Tarabas mempunyai potensi sebagai obyek penelitian di bidang bioteknologi.
Um modelo simplificado para análise de desempenho de um refrigerador evaporativo de cerâmica
Authors: Barros Marcelo Paes de
Published: January 2021

O refrigerador cerâmico tem como princípio o resfriamento evaporativo, uma técnica conhecida desde a antiguidade, usada para manter baixa a temperatura dentro de um compartimento interno de armazenamento de produtos alimentares perecíveis, como frutas e legumes, em áreas rurais, quentes e secas, de países em desenvolvimento. Neste artigo, um modelo matemático simplificado é desenvolvido, baseado nas transferências de calor e de massa entre o ambiente e o refrigerador, para a predição da temperatura no interior de um refrigerador cerâmico, do tipo pot-in-pot cooler. Os resultados da análise apresentam uma comparação das temperaturas previstas com as temperaturas experimentais para o mesmo refrigerador e uma estimativa da temperatura do refrigerador sob uma variedade de temperaturas e umidades ambientes. Os resultados previstos mostraram a validade do modelo matemático simples e que o refrigerador cerâmico pode ser bem aplicado em condições climáticas quentes e secas do território brasileiro.  

Palavras chave: Resfriamento evaporativo, transferência de calor e massa, condução, convecção, modelagem.
The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (LOF) Made from Rabbit Urine and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth of Bok Choy (Brassica rapa L. Subsp. chinensis)
Authors: Kurnianta Legita Dwi , Sedijani Prapti , Raksun Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Fertilizer is one of the most important needs for plants. Fertilizing can be done by using inorganic fertilizers or organic fertilizers. Long term fertilizing by using inorganic fertilizers without adding the organic matter could potentially reduce soil fertility and lead to not optimal growth of the plant. This study aims to determine the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from rabbit urine, NPK fertilizer, and the combination of both fertilizers on the growth of bok choy, and to determine the best fertilizer dosage for the growth of bok choy. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 2 factors, the dose of rabbit urine LOF and dose of NPK fertilizer; 4 dosage levels each in triplicates. Data was analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT Test. The results indicates that the application of LOF made from rabbit urine, NPK fertilizer, and the combination of both fertilizers increasesÃÂ  plant height, leaves number, leaf area, wet weight, dry weight, and chlorophyll total of bok choy. DMRT (a 5%) test shows the best dosage applied for enhancing growth parameter are 6 ml of LOF plus 0,4 gram of NPK for plant height, wet weight, and dry weight, the 4 ml of LOF plus 0,6 gram of NPK for leaves number and leaf area, and the 4 ml of LOF plus 0,4 gram NPK for chlorophyll total.
SÍNDROME INFLAMATÓRIA MULTISSISTÊMICA NA CRIANÇA COM COVID-19
Authors:   InCor – HC. Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Serviço de Hemodinamica Estrutural Pediátrico. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Foronda Gustavo ,   InCor – HC. Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Unidade de Cardiologia Pediátrica e Cardiopatias Congênitas do Adulto. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Hospital Isrelita Albert Einstein. Centro de Cuidados Integrados para Cardiologia Pediátrica e Cardiopatias Congênitas do Adulto. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Medeiros Barbar Samia ,   InCor – HC. Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Serviço de Hemodinamica Estrutural Pediátrico. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   InCor – HC. Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Unidade de Cardiologia Pediátrica e Cardiopatias Congênitas do Adulto. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Hospital Isrelita Albert Einstein. Centro de Cuidados Integrados para Cardiologia Pediátrica e Cardiopatias Congênitas do Adulto. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

A infecção pelo novo coronavírus (Covid-19), que inicialmente parecia poupar as crianças dos casos mais graves, gerou o aparecimento de uma nova síndrome inflama-tória sistêmica pediátrica (SIM-P). Os relatos de casos começaram a surgir em abril de 2020, no Reino Unido e, desde então, diversas outras localidades vem apresentando casos similares. Estima-se atualmente que a incidência seja em torno de 0,2% a 0,6% das infecções pelo novo coronavírus em crianças e, com a progressão da pandemia, espera-se um aumento progressivo dos casos. Apesar de ainda existirem muitas dúvidas com relação a patogênese, diagnóstico e evolução a longo prazo, não há questionamento sobre a importância dessa nova entidade e da necessidade de estudos adicionais para melhor elucidação. Nesta revisão, procuramos sintetizar os principais estudos publicados até o momento para auxiliar na prática clínica.
RESSUSCITAÇÃO CARDIOPULMONAR NO PACIENTE ACOMETIDO PELA COVID-19
Authors:   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Piscopo Agnaldo ,   Universidade de São Paulo,São Paulo, S, Brasil,   Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo. Coordenador dos Cursos da American Heart Association. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: January 2021

A pandemia da Covid-19 causou dúvidas com relação aos riscos de transmissão para as pessoas que realizam a ressuscitação. As adaptações dos protocolos ba-seadas em opiniões de especialistas e revisões de trabalhos não específicos sobre a Covid-19 trouxeram orientações importantes para leigos e profissionais de saúde. As recomendações de iniciar as compressões torácicas sem ventilações e a desfibrilação são fundamentais para aumentar as chances de sobrevida e são consideradas de baixo risco de contaminação, pois não produzem aerossóis. A ventilação não invasiva deve ser evitada, a intubação deve ser realizada por médicos experientes, com equipamentos de proteção individual completos para aerossóis, mantendo os pacientes acoplados aos respiradores durante a ressuscitação, de modo a reduzir as chances de transmissão; são necessários ajustes dos parâmetros e alarmes. O atendimento da parada cardíaca em pacientes em posição prona deve ser treinado, devido ao aumento dessa ocorrência nos pacientes com Covid-19
IMAGEM CARDIOVASCULAR NA COVID-19
Authors:   Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Rizzi Coelho-Filho Otavio , Masciarelli Pinto Ibraim ,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Campos Vieira Marcelo Luiz ,   Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
Published: January 2021

Desde os primeiros relatos da infecção por um novo coronavírus, o SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), a doença conhecida como Co-vid-19 disseminou-se rapidamente em todo o mundo e foi declarada pandemia pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. No Brasil, a doença vem progredindo rapidamente, com grande número de infectados e mortes. Embora a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 possa ser assintomática e apresentar taxa de letalidade baixa na população saudá-vel, os indivíduos com morbidades cardiovasculares e cardiopatia prévia têm taxa de mortalidade significativamente maior. Por outro lado, apesar de o mecanismo exato da lesão miocárdica na Covid-19 não estar totalmente esclarecido, os pa-cientes que no decorrer do curso da doença devolvem lesão miocárdica aguda, caracterizada pela elevação de troponina e novas alterações eletrocardiográficas, podem exibir mortalidade cerca de cinco vezes maior que os indivíduos sem lesão miocárdica. A investigação do remodelamento miocárdico em pacientes infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 por métodos de imagem não invasivos pode trazer importantes informações a respeito da gravidade da lesão miocárdica mediada pelo Covid-19, com potencias implicações terapêuticas. Tanto o ecocardiograma quanto a resso-nância magnética cardíaca são ferramentas úteis na investigação do remodelamento e do acometimento miocárdico da Covid-19. Nesta revisão discutimos as principais evidências sobre a utilidade dos métodos de imagem do sistema cardiovascular na infecção pelo novo coronavírus.
PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: POTENCIAL PREVENTIVO E TERAPÊUTICO DA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Ferreira Maycon Junior , de Araujo Amanda Aparecida ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Martins de Miranda Victor Hugo ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Plens Shecaira Tânia ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, São Paulo, SP, Brasil,   Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, São Paulo, SP, Brasil., De Angelis Kátia ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, São Paulo, SP, Brasil,   Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Laboratório de Fisiologia Translacional, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

A pandemia do novo coronavírus estabeleceu um cenário mundial bastante desafiador, particularmente no que se refere à adoção/manutenção de uma vida fisicamente ativa. Neste artigo, abordamos a relação da pandemia da Covid-19 com os riscos cardiometabólicos e o sedentarismo, bem como destacamos o possível papel preventivo e terapêutico da atividade física nesse cenário. Estudos demonstram que a presença de comorbidades associadas ao sedentarismo, como obesidade, hipertensão arterial e diabetes têm sido relacionadas a um pior prognóstico em pacientes hospitalizados com Covid-19. Além disso, o período de isolamento social e as mudanças ocupacionais estão contribuindo para um estilo de vida ainda mais sedentário, o que pode impactar negativamente o desenvolvimento/agravamento de fatores de risco cardiometabólicos e de infecção viral. Por outro lado, os benefícios da prática regular de exercícios físicos na manutenção da saúde e na prevenção/atenuação de disfunções relacionadas à piora de desfecho em pacientes com Covid-19 são consenso na literatura. Diante desse cenário, a adoção/manutenção de um estilo de vida fisicamente ativo parece ser uma estratégia fundamental no enfrentamento da Covid-19, podendo impactar positivamente a saúde do indivíduo, dados os seus benefícios classicamente demonstrados e, consequentemente, reduzir o risco de doenças cardiovasculares futuras. De forma semelhante, programas de reabilitação poderiam favorecer o reestabelecimento da funcionalidade e da qualidade de vida para sobreviventes da Covid-19.
REABILITAÇÃO CARDIOPULMONAR NA COVID-19
Authors:   Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Serviço de Fisioterapia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Fernandes Costa Ferreira Bruno , Tozato Claudia ,   Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Serviço de Fisioterapia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Vitelli Molinari Camila ,   Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Serviço de Fisioterapia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Papa Valeria ,   Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP- USP). Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício da Divisão de Cardiologia. Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil., Guizilini Solange ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Programas de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Interdisciplinar em Saúde. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Marques Ferreira Vanessa ,   Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Programas de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Interdisciplinar em Saúde. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Vieira Moderno Eliana ,   Serviço de Reabilitação do Hospital Sírio-Libanês. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo. Pesquisa em Cirurgia e Ciências da Saúde., dos Santos Alves Vera Lúcia ,   Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Serviço de Fisioterapia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil,   Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes. Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Ciência e Tecnologia em Saúde.São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

A doença causada pelo novo coronavírus (Covid-19) é uma doença, cujas manifestações moderadas e graves exigem internação com oxigenoterapia e ventilação mecânica prolon-gada com grave perda muscular periférica e consequentemente da capacidade funcional. Objetivo: Avaliar e identificar o impacto da reabilitação cardiopulmonar na fase ambulatorial em pacientes após contaminação pelo SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome co-ronavirus 2). Método: O presente estudo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura. Para seleção dos artigos, foram englobadas publicações nacionais e internacionais em ciências da saúde de maneira ampla e selecionados de acordo com o objetivo da pesquisa. Resultado: Dentre 1180 artigos, após exclusão de revisões, diretrizes e consensos, foram incluídos neste estudo apenas oito, voltados à reabilitação cardiopulmonar ambulatorial. A quantidade limitada de estudos possibilitou identificar os princípios e impacto da reabilitação cardiopulmonar no tratamento das complicações da Covid-19. Conclusão: A reabilitação cardiopulmonar baseada em exercício pós internação por Covid-19 pode melhorar a capacidade funcional, pulmonar e a qualidade de vida, e deve ser individualizada e adequada às características dos pacientes, apesar da literatura escassa até o momento
DOENÇAS VIRAIS E SEU IMPACTO NA ODONTOLOGIA
Authors:   Hospital Samaritano. São Paulo, SP, Brasil, Buhatem Medeiros Frederico ,   Faculdade de Odontologia da Associação Paulista de Cirurgiões-Dentistas – APCD. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., de Andrade Buhatem Medeiros Ana Carolina ,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Timerman Lilia ,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Alves Levy Anderson César ,   Universidade Paulista – UNIP.São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul – USCS. São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brasil., da Silva Santos Paulo Sérgio ,   Universidade de São Paulo – FOB USP. Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru. Bauru, SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

Conhecer as principais doenças virais e seu impacto na odontologia é de fundamental importância para o planejamento do tratamento de indivíduos que estejam expostos aos vírus. Muito embora a Covid-19 seja uma patologia ainda não muito bem esclarecida quanto aos seus aspectos clínicos e desfechos, há situações, principalmente em cavidade bucal, que necessitam de uma avaliação minuciosa, haja vista que muitas lesões em cavidade bucal parecem ter algum tipo de relação com a doença. Assim como a Covid-19, os vírus Chikungunya (CHIKV) e Zika também apresentam afecções em cavidade bucal que quando avaliadas sob uma ótica criteriosa apresentam impactos bastante significativos tanto locais quanto sistêmicos. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente estudo é relatar, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, as principais alterações em estruturas orofaciais que podem estar relacionadas a algumas doenças virais como Covid-19, Chikungunya e Zika.
COVID – 19: SERVIÇO SOCIAL, ACOLHIMENTO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors:   Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., de Jesus Silva Suellen Cristina , Freitas de Oliveira Daniela ,   Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil., Fonseca Amaral da Silva Elaine ,   Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,   Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo. Departamento de Serviço Social. São Paulo,SP, Brasil.
Published: January 2021

A pandemia da Covid-19 vem trazendo graves consequências às condições de vida da população, o que requer significativas reestruturações nos serviços de saúde e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas capazes de atender a classe trabalhadora e as camadas subalternizadas mais atingidas. Nesse sentido, os assistentes sociais enquanto membros das equipes multiprofissionais expressam importante papel no acolhimento dos familiares dos pacientes internados em hospital público de alta complexidade, com vistas à garantia de acesso à informação e aos direitos sociais dos usuários. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos discutir e refletir sobre a prática profissional do Assistente Social em hospital público terciário, enfatizando o acolhimento como instrumento interventivo, e identificar as políticas sociais implementadas como forma de enfrentamento à pandemia da Covid-19. Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e observação empírica do cotidiano profissional, realizada no Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas do estado de São Paulo. Constatou-se a importante atuação do Serviço Social na linha de frente do novo coronavírus, apresentando o acolhimento como elemento fundamental na integralidade da atenção e humanização das relações entre usuários e profissionais da saúde; e as alterações no sistema de proteção social com o implemento de algumas políticas públicas. Conclui-se que é necessária a produção de respostas profissionais qualificadas, que demandam ações humanizadas no aco-lhimento desses familiares, e que, para o enfrentamento das graves repercussões da pandemia, embora insuficientes, as medidas adotadas pelo governo federal trouxeram à população possibilidades de enfrentamento de umas das maiores crises sanitárias já vividas neste século.
Tracing Causality and Co-movement between Pakistani and the Leading Foreign Stock Markets: A Graph Theoretic Approach
Authors: FAZAL RIZWAN , REHMAN ATIQ UR , ALAM AFTAB
Published: January 2021

This paper developed and modify Peter and Clark (PC) causality algorithm to revisit the causal linkages between Pakistan and the leading foreign stock markets. Initially, the PC algorithm was conceived to determine causality in cross sectional data. Later on, (Swanson & Granger, 1997) for the first time used VAR residuals in PC algorithm to determine the causal ordering in time series. However, the weak point attached to VAR residuals are that it carries only contemporaneous causal information and remove all the past information. This study modify the PC algorithm based on recursive residuals proposed by (Rehman & Malik, 2014) and explore the causality among exchange rate, interest rate and stock market prices. The overall empirical results of modified PC algorithm indicate that causality is running from exchange rate, interest rate and stock market of India and Bangladesh to Pakistani stock market. The results observed from GARCH-GJR model show spill over effect from the leading foreign stock markets toward Pakistan stock market excluding Sir Lanka. The results of the study will guide the investors to be vigilant in decision making in diversified portfolio investment and hedging. Keywords: Financial Markets, PC algorithms, Causality, Graph theoretic Approach, GARCH, GJR.
Revision of some species of the genus Cryptosporidium (Tyzzer, 1907) (Eucoccidiorida, cryptosporidiidae) in cattle in Iraq
Authors: Zainab A. Makawi  , Hind D Hadi  , Azhar Ali
Published: January 2021

Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite of medical and veterinary significance that causes gastroenteritis in a number of vertebrate hosts. Several studies have recorded different degrees of pathogenicity and virulence among Cryptosporidium species and isolates of the same species as well as evidence of variation in host susceptibility to infection. Nevertheless, important progress has been made in determining Cryptosporidium's putative virulence factors. Since the publication of C parvum and C. Hominis this development has been accelerated genomes, identified by a range of immunological and molecular techniques with the characterization of over 25 putative virulence factors, which are proposed to be involved in aspects of host-pathogen interactions from adhesion and locomotion to invasion and proliferation. There has also been improvement in the contribution of host variables correlated with differences in both the severity and risk of infection. In view of our current understanding of microbial virulence, we present a summary of the current state of information on Cryptosporidium infectivity, pathogenesis, and transmissibility here.