bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors of Capecitabine-Induced Hand-Foot Syndrome: A Single-Institution, Retrospective Study
Authors: Kanbayashi Yuko , Taguchi Tetsuya , Ishikawa Takeshi , Otsuji Eigo , Takayama Koichi
Published: April 2023

Introduction: This retrospective study was conducted to identify risk factors for developing hand-foot syndrome (HFS) and to determine new strategies for improving quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Between April 2014 and August 2018, we enrolled 165 cancer patients at our outpatient chemotherapy center who were undergoing capecitabine chemotherapy. Variables related to the development of HFS were extracted from the clinical records of patients for use in regression analysis. HFS severity was assessed at the time of completing capecitabine chemotherapy. The degree of HFS was classified in accordance with the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5. Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for the development of HFS. Results: Risk factors for the development of HFS included concomitant use of a renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitor (odds ratio [OR] = 2.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20–6.79; p = 0.018), body surface area (BSA) (high) (OR = 12.7, 95% CI = 2.29–70.94; p = 0.004), and albumin (low) (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.20–0.96; p = 0.040). Discussion/Conclusion: Concomitant use of RAS inhibitor, high BSA, and low albumin were identified as risk factors for the development of HFS. The identification of potential risk factors of HFS may assist in the development of strategies that can be used to improve QoL in patients receiving chemotherapy regimens that include capecitabine.
Stone Occlusion Device with Drainage Function Is Effective in Ureteral Calculi Treatment: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Yi Xiaochun , Li Xin , Peng Keliang , Wan Yueming , Liao Wangchun , Li Sheng
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of ureterolithotripsy (URS) in treating ureteral calculi with holmium-YAG laser through adding retropulsion prevention and drainage function to ureteral catheter. Methods: An inner wire was fixed at the top of an Fr5 ureteral catheter and run through a tee joint. The proximal catheter was split into 4 strips. When the wire was pulled, the strips become arcuate, thus trapping the stone. The end of the tee branch was connected to the suction evacuation. Continuous irrigation and negative pressure suction were delivered after the strips passed the stones. Eighty-two consecutive patients with solitary ureteral stones underwent URS with the new device. Results: Seventy-eight patients had no observed stone retropulsion with successful insertion of the device. Four patients failed URS owing to the stone retropulsion and excessive kink of the ureter, which was followed by flexible ureteroscopy. Patient with successful insertion of the device had an immediate stone-free rate of 88.5% and 100% in a 1-month follow-up. Complications included one fever and one minor ureteral perforation. Conclusion: This new device has a low stone migration and minor complications and improves visual field with a negative pressure suction. Future studies are needed to evaluate it in randomized trials.
Is Patient’s Caries Activity Associated with Caries Increment among Adolescents, Regardless of Caries Experience?
Authors: Brusius Carolina Doege , Alves Luana Severo , Maltz Marisa
Published: April 2023

This 2.5-year cohort study investigated whether patient’s caries activity is independently associated with caries increment among adolescents, regardless of previous caries experience, in a sample of 801 adolescents from South Brazil. Caries examination was performed at baseline (12 y) and at follow-up (14–15 y). Caries activity was significantly associated with caries increment even after adjustment for sex, socioeconomic status, type of school, and previous caries experience at both cavity and non-cavitated levels. Caries-active adolescents had approximately 2-fold higher risk of caries increment than those without caries activity (cavity level, incidence risk ratio [IRR] = 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45–2.49, p < 0.001; non-cavitated level, IRR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.63–2.86, p < 0.001).
Recapitulated Late-Onset Inflammatory Toxicities and Progressive Dysautonomia with Persistence of Central Memory CD4+ Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in a Case of Transformed Follicular Lymphoma: Case Report
Authors: Nishimoto Mitsutaka , Takakuwa Teruhito , Kuno Masatomo , Makuuchi Yosuke , Okamura Hiroshi , Nakashima Yasuhiro , Koh Hideo , Namba Hiroto , Itoh Yoshiaki , Hino Masayuki , Nakamae Hirohisa
Published: April 2023

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been widely used and is highly effective for B-cell lymphoid malignancies. Immune-mediated adverse effects such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) occur in the acute phase and are monophasic after CAR T-cell therapy. However, late-onset inflammatory and neurological toxicities have not been well studied. We encountered a patient with recurrent late-onset inflammatory toxicities and progressive dysautonomia after CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy. A 69-year-old man was treated with CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy for transformed follicular lymphoma. Triphasic inflammation with stomatitis, cytopenia, and noninfectious pneumonia was first observed 7 months after CAR T-cell infusion. Progressive dysautonomia was also observed and eventually fatal. Residual CAR T cells, predominantly central memory CD4+ cells, were detectable in peripheral blood approximately 1 year after CAR T-cell infusion. The cytokine profile with the lack of tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-1β elevation in the peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid was inconsistent with that of typical CRS or ICANS. The persistence of central memory CD4+ CAR T cells might be associated with unique manifestations of late-onset immune-mediated adverse effects. More cases should be accumulated to elucidate the mechanism and establish the optimal management strategy of late-onset immune-mediated toxicities previously unrecognized.
Noise and Air Pollution as Risk Factors for Hypertension: Part I—Epidemiology
Authors: Hahad Omar , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Lelieveld Jos , Sørensen Mette , Frenis Katie , Daiber Andreas , Basner Mathias , Nieuwenhuijsen Mark , Brook Robert D. , Münzel Thomas
Published: April 2023

Traffic noise and air pollution are 2 major environmental health risk factors in urbanized societies that often occur together. Despite cooccurrence in urban settings, noise and air pollution have generally been studied independently, with many studies reporting a consistent effect on blood pressure for individual exposures. In the present reviews, we will discuss the epidemiology of air pollution and noise effects on arterial hypertension and cardiovascular disease (part I) and the underlying pathophysiology (part II). Both environmental stressors have been found to cause endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, circadian dysfunction, and activation of the autonomic nervous system, thereby facilitating the development of hypertension. We also discuss the effects of interventions, current gaps in knowledge, and future research tasks. From a societal and policy perspective, the health effects of both air pollution and traffic noise are observed well below the current guideline recommendations. To this end, an important goal for the future is to increase the acceptance of environmental risk factors as important modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, given their substantial impact on the burden of cardiovascular disease.
Infarcts in a New Territory: Insights From the ESCAPE-NA1 Trial
Authors: Singh Nishita , Cimflova Petra , Ospel Johanna Maria , Kashani Nima , Marko Martha , Mayank Arnuv , Nogueira Raul G. , McTaggart Ryan A. , Demchuk Andrew M. , Poppe Alexandre Y. , Rempel Jeremy L. , Field Thalia S. , Dowlatshahi Dar , van Adel Brian , Swartz Richard H. , Shah Ruchir , Sauvageau Eric , Puetz Volker , Silver Frank L. , Campbell Bruce , Chapot René , Tymianski Michael , Goyal Mayank , Almekhlafi Mohammed A. , Hill Michael D. ,   on behalf of the ESCAPE-NA1 Trial Investigators
Published: April 2023

Background:

Infarct in a new territory (INT) is a known complication of endovascular stroke therapy. We assessed the incidence of INT, outcomes after INT, and the impact of concurrent treatments with intravenous thrombolysis and nerinetide.

Methods:

Data are from ESCAPE-NA1 trial (Safety and Efficacy of Nerinetide [NA-1] in Subjects Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy for Stroke), a multicenter, international randomized study that assessed the efficacy of intravenous nerinetide in subjects with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular thrombectomy within 12 hours from onset. Concurrent treatment and outcomes were collected as part of the trial protocol. INTs were identified on core lab imaging review of follow-up brain imaging and defined by the presence of infarct in a new vascular territory, outside the baseline target occlusion(s) on follow-up brain imaging (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging). INTs were classified by maximum diameter (<2, 2–20, and >20 mm), number, and location. The association between INT and clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale and death) was assessed using standard descriptive techniques and adjusted estimates of effect were derived from Poisson regression models.

Results:

Among 1092 patients, 103 had INT (9.3%, median age 69.5 years, 49.5% females). There were no differences in baseline characteristics between those with versus without INT. Most INTs (91/103, 88.3%) were not associated with visible occlusions on angiography and 39 out of 103 (37.8%) were >20 mm in maximal diameter. The most common INT territory was the anterior cerebral artery (27.8%). Almost half of the INTs were multiple (46 subjects, 43.5%, range, 2–12). INT was associated with poorer outcomes as compared to no INT on the primary outcome of modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2 at 90 days (adjusted risk ratio, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.57–0.89]). Infarct volume in those with INT was greater by a median of 21 cc compared with those without, and there was a greater risk of death as compared to patients with no INT (adjusted risk ratio, 2.15 [95% CI, 1.48–3.13]).

Conclusions:

Infarcts in a new territory are common in individuals undergoing endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke and are associated with poorer outcomes. Optimal therapeutic approaches, including technical strategies, to reduce INT represent a new target for incremental quality improvement of endovascular thrombectomy.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02930018.
Baltic Amber in Aššur. Forms and Significance of Amber Exchange between Europe and the Middle East, c.2000–1300 BC
Authors: Bunnefeld Jan-Heinrich , Becker Jörg , Martin Lutz , Pausewein Regine-Ricarda , Simon Stefan , Meller Harald
Published: April 2023

Under the large ziggurat of Aššur, Iraq, two Baltic amber beads were found in a foundation deposit dating to c.1800–1750 BC. Thereby, they represent one of the earliest and remotest evidence of this material. Its extreme rarity in the Mediterranean and the Middle East before c.1550 BC and its restriction there to high-ranking sites could be explained by the fact that the Únětice culture and the Wessex culture controlled the exchange of this raw material. Probably, the amber finds in the south result from a directional exchange with at most only a few intermediaries, as other finds in Europe and the Middle East from the early 2nd millennium BC also indicate. The amber finds may thus represent gifts from well-travelled persons from central or western Europe to the elites in the south. However, after c.1550 BC the picture changes, and it is perhaps possible to speak of trade through which amber became available in larger quantities in the Mediterranean and the Middle East.
Pilate Delivered Jesus to Them: Mark 15.15 in Ancient Versions and in Anti-Jewish Narratives
Authors: Visi Tamás
Published: April 2023

Some of the ancient manuscripts and versions of Mark 15.15 add the phrase ‘to them’ after the verb ‘[Pilate] delivered [Jesus]’, suggesting that Pilate delivered Jesus to the Jewish crowd who subsequently crucified him. This textual variant was well-established in the Syriac and Ethiopic traditions while it remained marginal in the Greek, Latin, and Coptic traditions. This pattern suggests that those translators and readers of the gospels who lived on the Eastern fringes or outside of the territory of the Roman empire were more inclined to accept the idea that Jesus had been executed by the Jewish mob (and not by the Roman soldiers) than those translators and readers who lived in the core territories of the empire. The Diatessaron most likely played an important role in disseminating this anti-Jewish narrative. The obliteration of historical memories about crucifixion as a Roman method of execution in late antiquity contributed to the formation of one of the most devastating anti-Jewish narratives of the ensuing centuries.
Compliance Standards in Continental Europe – Same, Same but Different!?
Authors: Michaelis Marcel , Mercuri Federico , Schoch Nicholas , Ollivier Alexis
Published: April 2023

This article deals with the ever-present hot topic of compliance and the related standards for a compliance management system (cms) in Continental Europe. It covers the existing legal regulations, the current case law, and the latest developments in Germany, France, and Italy with regard to the requirements for an effective cms. It also takes a look at the criteria that top management must fulfil in order to meet individual compliance requirements – and minimize the risk of liability. In addition, the authors also put the new iso standard 37301:2021 under the microscope and identify a common ground between the various national positions.
How Motivation to Reduce Uncertainty Predicts COVID-19 Behavioral Responses: Strategic Health Communication Insights for Managing an Ongoing Pandemic
Authors: Kim Sungsu , Choi Sung In , Valentini Chiara , Badham Mark , Jin Yan
Published: April 2023

During highly uncertain times such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is vital to understand and predict individuals’ responses to governments’ crisis and risk communication. This study draws on the Orientation-Stimulus-Orientation-Response (O-S-O-R) model to examine (1) whether uncertainty reduction motivation (a pre-orientation factor) drove Americans to turn to traditional news media and/or social media (stimuli) to obtain COVID-19 information; (2) if these media preferences shaped their COVID-19 knowledge, cognitive information vetting, and trust in government communication (post-orientation factors); and finally (3) whether these factors contributed to their intended and actual behaviors (responses), such as getting vaccinated. Thus, this study explores how multiple communicative and cognitive mechanisms contribute to public compliance with government health recommendations during a pandemic. Mediation analyses showed positive indirect effects between uncertainty reduction motivation and behavioral outcomes via use of social media (in relation to traditional news media) and COVID-19 knowledge and cognitive information vetting. This study discusses theoretical and practical health communication implications of these findings.
Education on Preventing Early Childhood Injuries Using a Video Game: The VirtualSafeHome Platform
Authors: Woolf Alan D. , Jacobson Jeffrey , Flanagan Shelby , Weinstock Peter
Published: April 2023

Poisonings and household injuries are frequent events among toddlers. We developed VirtualSafeHome (VSH)—a novel self-contained, Internet-based home-safety learning tool—to improve awareness of household hazards. Study aims were to investigate VSH usage characteristics. A prototype, screen-based VSH kitchen was built in Unity and delivered through the web using 3DVista and Wix. Players spot and click 21 embedded hazards. A unique feature is the ability to capture the “child’s perspective” in identifying hazards. We recruited a convenience sample of adults in 2021-2022. Outcomes included number of hazards discovered, session duration, and pretest/posttest knowledge scores. Twenty-four adults identified a median 15.5 hazards; median playing time was 1022 seconds. Players reported satisfaction with ease of navigation and game features. Mean pretest/posttest knowledge scores rose from 2.0 to 2.79 ( P < .035). A web-enabled video game can provide easily accessed, enjoyable training on home safety.
Introduction: Reconstructive biographical research
Authors: Becker Johannes , Pohn-Lauggas Maria , Santos Hermílio
Published: April 2023

Reconstructive biographical research is a diverse and differentiated sociological field. In this introduction, we trace its interdisciplinary and transnational historical development, consider the most important theoretical influences, and characterize central research areas. In this way, we show that reconstructive biographical research is a distinct sociological approach to social analysis. It offers a reflexive access to understanding, classifying, and explaining social processes and social challenges through the analysis of experienced and/or narrated life stories.
Join or die: How deontological moral intuitions complicate cooperation amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Del Ponte Alessandro
Published: April 2023

Tackling COVID-19 requires universal collective action: everyone must play their part to reduce the spread of the virus and quell the pandemic. Yet, some people obstinately refuse to cooperate, irrespective of the consequences for themselves and others. In this note, I illustrate a key element of human psychology that hampers cooperation amid the pandemic: deontological moral intuitions. Deontological morality prescribes that moral taboos must be followed no matter the consequences. This means that people who consider Covid vaccines a moral taboo are prepared to suffer virtually any consequence rather than take the vaccine. I discuss the evolutionary basis of deontological intuitions, their implications for cooperation, and consider possible solutions. In conclusion, although not always harmful, deontological moral intuitions against Covid measures -and vaccines in particular- are a major obstacle that stands in the way of successful collective action during the pandemic.
Sources of social support and clinical and functional evolution of people with schizophrenia
Authors: Vázquez Morejón Antonio J , León Rubio Jose María , Vázquez-Morejón Raquel
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

The impact of social support on comprehensive measures of results (clinical and functional) of the course of schizophrenia was studied, understood and evaluated as a multidimensional construct differentiating sources of support (family vs. nonfamily).

Methods:

One hundred fifty-two patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were assessed with the Mannheim Interview on Social Support (MISS) and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS). The hypotheses were explored in a prospective longitudinal design, using a causal correlational analysis for their evaluation by applying structural equation models.

Results:

The only explanatory factor of social functioning was Nonfamily social support, while the only explanatory factor of clinical result measurements was Family social support, observing a clearly differentiated impact of the different sources of support on the schizophrenia result measurements. It was also found that while Family social support explained 6.8% of the variance in the clinical result measurements, Nonfamily social support explained 13.7% of the variance in social functioning.

Conclusion:

The results confirmed the differential importance of social support variables (family vs. nonfamily) in the clinical and functional result measurements of people with schizophrenia.
Investigation of the microstructure, mechanical and wear performance of friction stir-processed AA6061-T6 plate reinforced with B4C particles surface composite
Authors: Abdelhady Saleh S , Elbadawi Rehab E , Zoalfakar Said H
Published: April 2023

In this work, friction stir processing (FSP) was used to successfully embed boron carbide (B4C) particles into an aluminum matrix (AA6061-T6). Four specimens of aluminum 6061 composite reinforced with 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% volume fraction of B4C were manufactured. The effects of B4C particles volume fraction on microstructure, mechanical and wear properties are investigated. The microstructural investigations demonstrated that a rise in the volume % of reinforcement greatly decreased the matrix grain size. The manufactured AA6061-T6 loaded with B4C surface composites demonstrated homogeneous B4C particle dispersion, with no significant particle clustering in the stir zone. In addition, it was established that increasing the volume fraction of B4C particles promoted grain refinement, increased hardness, and tensile strength. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the reinforcement dispersion. For AA6061-T6 with 10% B4C particles, a maximum hardness value of 163 HV was obtained in the stir zone. Maximum yield strength of 165 MPa and ultimate tensile strength of 220 MPa were attained by AA6061-T6 with 10% B4C particles, which is an improvement of 21% over the specimen FSP without reinforcement. The strengthening of the grain refining was attributed for the increase in hardness and strength. The ductility was reduced by the incorporation of more B4C particles. Comparing the surface composite loaded with B4C to unreinforced friction stir processing and AA6061-T6 as received, it demonstrated superior wear resistance.
Transatlantic Shakedown: Presidential Shaming and NATO Burden Sharing
Authors: Becker Jordan , Kreps Sarah E , Poast Paul , Terman Rochelle
Published: April 2023

Does “shaming” work in NATO? More precisely, does publicly using negative language criticizing allies’ defense spending improve burden-sharing, or is it counterproductive, leading to lower spending? We evaluate the effectiveness of public shaming language; specifically, whether it increases allies’ defense spending or whether other considerations like external threat, domestic budgets, economic growth, or unemployment rates are better predictors of contributions. Using an original dataset of presidential statements and NATO defense spending data disaggregated across the four categories tracked by the alliance, we conclude that negative language toward allies’ spending is at best ineffective and may even adversely affect burden-sharing in the long run. These findings have important implications for the political economy of alliances and both theories and policies on the use of rhetorical pressure to elicit compliance in asymmetric power relationships.
A Grounded Theory of Culturally Responsible Music Teaching
Authors: Bennett Catherine
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of culturally responsible music teaching (CRMT) from the perspective of U.S. music teachers working in various formal settings. “Cultural responsibility” is an emergent concept regarding teaching and learning that (a) connects with students’ cultural frames and lived experiences, (b) empowers students in their own construction of knowledge and art, and (c) opens students to multiple viewpoints and perspectives on the world and music so that students will have meaningful music experiences and a more meaningful life due to music. I selected a constructivist grounded theory methodology to examine the development of cultural responsibility as a complex, detailed process over time. I sought and found 31 participants who identified as progressive K–12 music teachers who empower diverse learners. Thirteen facets of cultural responsibility were found: inviting, relatable, reachable, interactive, active and student-driven, creativity-based, musically diverse, interdisciplinary, multimodal, enjoyable, heartfelt, crafted, and determined teaching and learning. Music teachers described engaging students in such processes in various, distinct ways. Data revealed that music teachers are more or less culturally responsible because of the elements (methods, aims, and beliefs) of their pedagogy and, in relation, the presence or absence of each facet.
Do Tourists Stand by the Tourism Industry? Examining Solidarity During and After a Pandemic
Authors: Kock Florian , Assaf Albert George , Tsionas Mike , Josiassen Alexander , Karl Marion
Published: April 2023

How does the suffering of a whole industry influence people’s attitudes toward that industry? This research is the first, across disciplines, to examine this question. The authors provide the first conceptual study and empirical test for the phenomenon called tourism solidarity. Based on seminal social psychology research, tourism solidarity is conceptualized and defined as an individual’s compassion with and support of an industry, resulting from an observation of suffering. The authors use a covariance-based structural equation model as well as a novel Bayesian estimation approach (i.e., non-parametric) to develop a reliable and easy-to-apply tourism solidarity scale and assess its role of solidarity in two consecutive empirical studies. By doing so, the authors are able to empirically demonstrate the importance of tourism solidarity for tourist behavior, and provide both tourism researchers and practitioners with a conceptual model and measurement tool to assess, quantify and actively manage solidarity toward the tourism industry.
Postoperative Purulent Chondritis of Thyroid Cartilage in a Diabetic Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Li Leyu , Yang Xin , Jiang Zheng , Liu Jun
Published: April 2023

Purulent chondritis of the thyroid cartilage is a rare affliction that is not frequently observed in patients undergoing laryngeal surgery. The formation of abscesses between the inner and outer perichondria can cause constriction of the laryngeal lumen, leading to hoarseness and difficulty breathing. This report details the case of a middle-aged diabetic woman who experienced swelling in the tissue of her laryngeal cavity and destruction of her thyroid cartilage plate after undergoing laryngectomy. The pathological examination revealed evidence of inflammation, and the patient was ultimately diagnosed with purulent chondritis of the thyroid cartilage.
Safety and Feasibility of Hypnosis-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients.
Authors: Bobin Francois , Garreau Céline , Lechien Jerome R.
Published: April 2023

Background

Hypnosis was never used in sleep endoscopy assessment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility, safety, and patient satisfaction of hypnosis-induced sleep endoscopy (HISE).

Methods

From January to July 2021, 24 adults with moderate-to-severe OSAS at the polysomnography were included in the HISE protocol. The following outcomes were evaluated by the otolaryngologist and the hypnotherapist: safety, feasibility, and performance. The patient outcomes were assessed through a patient-reported outcome questionnaire assessing hypnosis acceptance, stress, anxiety, nasofibroscopy examination pain, and discomfort.

Results

Twenty-three patients completed the evaluations (16 males). The mean age of patients was 50.8 years. The nasofibroscopy was well-tolerated with low levels of stress during the HISE. Otolaryngologist adequately completed the VOTE scoring in 22 patients (95.7%). Hypnosis was ineffective in one patient because he felt pain during the nasofibroscopy procedure due to an important septal deviation. The hypnotherapist reported adequate satisfaction outcomes, with better results for trance compliance compared to other steps. There were no adverse effects or complications. The percentage of snoring was negatively associated with the level of consciousness during hypnosis (p = 0.012). The easiness of nasofibroscopy was positively associated with the levels of muscle relaxation (p = 0.036) and consciousness ( P = 0.002).

Conclusion

HISE is an effective alternative approach for the work-up of OSAS. Future controlled studies are needed to compare HISE with drug-induced sleep endoscopy and assess the cost-effective outcomes of both approaches.
Testing of the Facial Expression Coding System (FACES) for middle school–aged special education students and development of a training protocol
Authors: Flynn Erin , Motiff Marisa , Mueller Megan K. , Morris Kevin N.
Published: April 2023

Emotion regulation is a key developmental skillset, but many existing measures rely on self-report or laboratory-based measurement approaches. This study aimed to develop a training and implementation protocol for the widely used Facial Expression Coding System (FACES) to be used in real-world settings with pre-recorded video data. A revised coding system with supplemental guidelines and training procedures was developed to use FACES with video data recorded in special education classrooms. This system resulted in adequate interrater reliability as well as reduced training time for coders. Specific training methods included close study of code definitions, coding of practice video, quantitative analysis of observation data to generate interrater agreement and kappa statistics, review of comparison charts to identify discrepancies between coder and training observations using the Noldus Observer XT software, and post-observation discussions. The revised FACES protocol and new training method presented here offer a more robust, efficient, and versatile tool that can be applied to systematic behavior observations conducted of students in real-world classroom settings.
Research Landscape on Student Suicide: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of 62 Years (1959-2021)
Authors: Srivastava Khusboo , Saxena Ankita
Published: April 2023

Background:

To guide and provide orientation to research on student suicide, this study aimed to analyze the research status on student suicide with the help of bibliometric analysis. Utilising bibliometric methodology, this study complements existing literature by giving a comprehensive, reliable thematic representation of this topic.

Method:

A Scopus search was done and all published research papers were reviewed. A total of 187 papers published between 1959 and 2021 were analyzed. We identified the most influential journals in this field, the most prolific nations and institutions, as well as the years with the most publications, the most cited papers, notable authors, and most researched areas, It was followed by use of the VOSviewer software (version 1.6.18) to construct and visualize the bibliometric networks like co-authorship network map, inter-country co-authorship network map, and keywords co-occurrences network maps.

Results:

The analysis reveals the current research trend where the number of publications on ‘student suicide’ reflects an overall upward trend over the years, suggesting that research on student suicidology is fast evolving but the pace is slow. The maximum publications were in the year 2020. The United States made the largest contribution (n = 85). The most productive institution was the University of Rochester, New York (n = 10). Allan J Schwartz was the most prolific author, with nine research papers. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy (n = 13) was the journal and Medicine (n = 118) was the discipline with the highest number of publications.

Conclusion:

The study potentially has important implications for designing more comprehensive screening and assessment tools for suicide risk. Future work should pay more attention to developing effective intervention programs for students. The results also highlight the need for more research work on student suicidology. More research in this area is needed to create awareness among students. Consequently, this study can be a big critique and torch bearer at the same time.
In the public sphere: Intimate partner violence against African American single mothers in child paternity disputes
Authors: Kalunta-Crumpton Anita
Published: April 2023

In the United States, there are high levels of father absence, female-headed single-parent households, and intimate partner violence (IPV) in the African American community. While the relationship between single motherhood and father absence is yet to be showcased in studies of IPV against African American women, its relevance has been evident in the public sphere through the Maury Show (hereon Maury), a US daytime television talk show on paternity disputes. The paper draws on a sample of episodes of Maury and uses content analysis to showcase paternity disputes as a salient context within which African American single mothers can experience nonphysical IPV (i.e. psychological/emotional and economic). In the paternity disputes shown on Maury, patriarchal ideologies and stereotypes of African American women are reproduced to subject African American single mothers to psychological/emotional and economic abuse. Based on the findings, the paper is a call on stakeholders in IPV to prioritize the education of women, particularly single mothers, on the various sites (private and public), contexts and dynamics of nonphysical IPV.
Fuel-Based Nash Bargaining Approach for Adaptive Signal Control in an N-Player Cooperative Game
Authors: Babatunde Jibril , Osman Osama A. , Stevanovic Aleksandar , Dobrota Nemanja
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a fuel-based game-theoretic approach for adaptive signal control. Our controller applies Nash bargaining (NB) in an n-player cooperative game to identify optimal phasing splits considering future traffic demands. The fuel-based NB controller utilizes an objective function that combines operational measures (delays and stops) with fuel consumption measures at intersections. The proposed controller was encoded in Python and then implemented and evaluated in a VISSIM microscopic traffic simulation model in an intersection with increasing volumes. The performance of the NB controller was compared to a traditional actuated control as the baseline. The results show that the NB controller was able to achieve superior environmental gains with a 17% saving in fuel consumption and a 17% reduction in CO emissions. In addition, the proposed controller was capable of maintaining acceptable operational conditions as it achieved a 20% reduction in delay, 8% reduction in the number of stops, and 8% reduction in queue lengths compared to the actuated controller. Compared to similar studies that applied NB for adaptive signal control, our fuel-based NB controller stands out as a promising approach to significantly improve fuel consumption at signalized intersections.
Dose Methodology and Rejuvenating Effect of a Plant-Based Biobinder in Aged Asphalt Binders
Authors: Espinosa Leidy V. , Rodrigues Julia A. , Vasconcelos Kamilla , Bernucci Liedi , Pouget Simon
Published: April 2023

The use of bio-oils and biobinders in recycled asphalt mixtures have attracted the attention of researchers and contractors in the pavement field because they allow the incorporation of higher amounts of recycled material while reducing the consumption of new asphalt binder. However, inclusion of these biomaterials in the blends has led to concerns about the overall performance of the recycled mixture and prompted investigations to identify the proportions required to optimize restoration of the aged binder properties in the recycled material. In this context, this paper presents the verification of blending charts based on high performance grade (HPG) temperature in relation to the restoration of the HPG values and rutting susceptibility for one commercial plant-based binder used as recycling agent in two Brazilian aged asphalt binders. The results showed that to optimize the rejuvenating effect of this biobinder, blending charts based on nonrecovery creep compliance were more efficient. The biobinder was also found to restore, and even improve, the initial properties of the aged binders, which showed the potential of this biomaterial to be used as an effective recycling agent.
Values across adolescence: a four-year longitudinal study. The predictive role of community violence and parental acceptance-rejection
Authors: Bacchini Dario , Affuso Gaetana , Aquilar Serena , Dragone Mirella , Esposito Concetta
Published: April 2023

Adolescence is critical for values development since transitions in several domains occur during this period. Building upon Schwartz’s circumplex model, this study investigated stability and change of values during adolescence and their environmental precursors (i.e., parental rejection and community violence exposure). A sample of 773 Italian high school students (342 males; M age [Time 1] = 14.19, SD = 0.56) was assessed using self-report questionnaires across four waves. Rank-order stability coefficients were moderate for all values. Latent growth curve analyses revealed a significant linear increase in self-enhancement; all the other values displayed a quadratic shape in change over time, with a decline in the first part of the curve and a subsequent increase across time points. Overall, significant associations were found between environmental factors and the baseline levels of values. Value change over time was not significantly predicted by environmental factors except for openness to change, which was associated with paternal rejection. Specifically, high paternal rejection was linked with a faster decrease and a slower increase of openness to change over time. These findings highlight the importance of longitudinal studies when examining value change over time. Also, they suggest that environmental factors may play a significant role in shaping adolescent values.
Support Needs in Carers of People With Parkinson’s From Early to Later Stages: A Qualitative Study With 36 Carers in 11 European Countries
Authors: Merritt Rowena K. , Hotham Sarah , Schrag Anette
Published: April 2023

Background

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is associated with considerable carer burden, but there has been little qualitative research on the support needs of carers of People with Parkinson’s (PwP).

Methods

Semi-structured in-depth interviews with carers of PwP in 11 European countries.

Results

Interviews with 36 carers of PwP were analysed. At the time of diagnosis, carers often felt that they had a role in helping get a diagnosis and then in dealing with the impact of the diagnosis on the family. Information on medication was seen as particularly important for carers, and many of the carers felt that their informational needs differed from that of the PwPs. Many of the carers also felt that they needed to be present at all appointments to request referrals or ask for medication changes. Carers of those in the later stages of the disease often reported feeling isolated and not having any time for themselves.

Conclusions

The involvement of carers should be addressed more actively in the management of Parkinson’s.
Effects of incident angle of sealing ring clearance on internal flow and cavitation of centrifugal pump
Authors: Jia XiaoQi , Yu YiFan , Li Bo , Wang FeiCan , Zhu ZuChao
Published: April 2023

High-energy fluid at the outlet of the impeller might get access to the impeller inlet via the sealing ring clearance of the centrifugal pump with shrouded impeller. In this case, the great velocity and energy differences between the fluid at the inlet and outlet of the impeller might trigger unsteady flows during the collision with large energy loss produced. As a result, the flow status of the impeller inlet can be exacerbated; causing that the centrifugal pump is susceptible to cavitation. A centrifugal pump with a low specific speed was studied in this paper. To begin with, five incident angles, that is the original angle (90°), 75°, 60°, 45°, and 30° were formed between the incident section of the sealing ring clearance and the inlet circumference of the impeller through changing the front cover of the impeller and the outer contour of the centrifugal pump. Then, the accuracy of the calculation results of the prototype pump (90°) was verified experimentally with analyses on the entropy generation, velocity streamline, backflow at the inlet section, internal entropy generation distribution of the centrifugal pump, and distribution of cavitation in specific conditions at the incidence of clearance of the centrifugal pump with different incident angles of sealing ring clearance. As can be seen from the results, changing the incident angle of the sealing ring clearance exerts a certain influence on the external characteristics of the centrifugal pump. To be specific, the sealing ring clearance with a small incident angle can lower the flow loss in the front cavity flow area and the impeller flow area of the centrifugal pump as well as can restrain the backflow prewhirl at the inlet section of the centrifugal pump and the cavitation inside the centrifugal pump.
Driving forces and determinants of barrier coast evolution in the Holocene observed on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea
Authors: Sydor Paweł , Uścinowicz Szymon
Published: April 2023

Coastal barriers account for approximately one-eighth of the world’s coastline. Barriers are the most common landform type in the southern part of the Baltic Sea area. Despite the long history of research, the issue of barrier coast evolution remains unresolved. The topic of this research is to determine the conditions under which the barrier coast evolved in the Holocene and to explain the local, different histories of its development. A 35 km long stretch of the coastal zone in the eastern Pomeranian Bay (southern Baltic) was explored using boreholes, seismoacoustic and GPR profiling, as well as radiocarbon and OSL dating, biostratigraphic studies and lithological analysis. Three main groups of deposits were identified: barrier subsoil deposits, barrier deposits (marine and aeolian sand, as well as interdune peat) and Rega River delta deposits. In the early Northgrippian (~8000 yr b2k), the coastline was located from about 2 to 12 km north of its present position. In the period 8000–6000 yr b2k, the coastline migrated southwards (landwards), initially at a rate of up to 22 m/yr and later up to 2 m/yr. The main driving forces at that time were climate warming and rapid sea level rise. When the Holocene transgression ceased, there were three different histories of the barrier coast development in the study area: a barrier that was still transgressive, a barrier that evolved from transgressive to progradational, and a barrier that evolved from transgressive trough progradational to transgressive again. The main determinants of these different histories were the lithology and relief of the barrier subsoil (accommodation space) and the time-varying amount of sand available for barrier formation, which varied in different parts of the study area.
Electroacupuncture of the cymba concha alleviates p-chlorophenylalanine-induced insomnia in mice
Authors: Zhang Fenyan , Zhang Xiaoming , Peng Qi , Tang Ling
Published: April 2023

Objective:

Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder and is often comorbid with mental and physical diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the hypnotic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of the cymba concha to stimulate the auricular branch of the vagus nerve (ABVN).

Methods:

Mice were intraperitoneally injected with p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 300 mg/kg·d) for 2 days to induce insomnia and subsequently received EA or manual acupuncture (MA) of the cymba concha for 30 min once daily for 5 consecutive days, or no treatment. The phenobarbital-induced sleep test was used to analyze the hypnotic effects and the open field test was used to analyze the locomotor activities and anxiolytic effects of EA/MA of the cymba concha. In addition, the levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) in the hypothalamus and peripheral blood were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results:

PCPA injection significantly decreased sleep duration, increased sleep latency and induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. In PCPA-insulted mice, EA of the cymba concha improved the sleep disturbance by significantly prolonging sleep duration, while no change in sleep latency was observed. Moreover, EA of the cymba concha improved PCPA-induced anxiety-like behaviors without decreasing locomotor activities in the open field test. EA of the cymba concha increased the level of GABA in the hypothalamus and peripheral blood, while Glu concentrations remained unchanged.

Conclusion:

These findings indicate that EA of the region innervated by the ABVN upregulates GABA levels in the hypothalamus and ameliorates the symptoms of insomnia and anxiety, suggesting that EA of the cymba concha might have potential value as an intervention for insomnia.
Tāqat, Shakti or Empowerment(s)? Describing the Experience of Power: A Decade of Observations in one Informal Settlement of Patna, India
Authors: Dumas Hugo Ribadeau
Published: April 2023

What concepts are best suitable to describe the individual and collective experience of power? Leveraging primary empirical data collected over a decade, the study dwells on the idea of empowerment and puts it in perspective with competing vernacular terms such as tāqat or shakti [‘power’ in Urdu and Hindi]. The study relies on a case study of one woman, a resident of an informal settlement in Patna, India, who experienced a stellar political rise and an equally spectacular fall. The analysis illuminates the multidimensional character of power—one may enjoy a strong exercise of power at one scale and relative powerlessness at another. The ensuing reflection reveals that the concept of empowerment fails to capture the multi-sidedness of power. In contrast, alternative vernacular terms provide an avenue to grasp the contextuality of power. Yet they feature a limitation common with the idea of empowerment(s)—they are conceptually fluid and therefore subject to normative reinterpretations.
The (ecologically) imperial mode of sport at the exterminist stage of capitalism: Counter stories of Dakar Rally's ride in South America (2009–2019)
Authors: Chen Chen
Published: April 2023

This paper explores the voices of resistance against the Dakar Rally's decade-long operation in South America. Drawing upon the three-prong framework of environmental justice (EJ), the analysis showcases how the less powerful stakeholders in the hosting countries articulated the deleterious consequences caused by the event to the local communities and ecologies. Moreover, by situating the Dakar Rally's expeditions in South America within the global capitalist economy, the paper explains why the most prestigious car rally is an exemplary manifestation of ecological imperialism, as it is not only a showcase of unsustainable industries (represented by fossil-fuel vehicles) with European colonial hubris but also a newer stage of an ongoing centuries-old process of extracting ecological resources from the Global South to benefit the increasingly mobile, vampire-like transnational capital.
Same Network, Same Access to Urban Opportunities? Accessibility Via Public Transportation for Wheelchair Users
Authors: Hernandez Diego , Rodriguez Santiago
Published: April 2023

Public transport plays a fundamental role in providing access to urban opportunities. People with mobility restrictions face greater obstacles than other members of society. This article seeks to explore the obstacles faced by wheelchair users in Montevideo, Uruguay. To do so, we designed a set of trips to actual destinations for five types of activities to compare time costs between wheelchair users and people without mobility restrictions. We estimated time costs for sidewalk segments, waiting time, onboard bus travel time, and coupling time (i.e., idle time due to the lack of bus provision closer to the activity starting times) and found that, relative to people without mobility restrictions, each of these transit components poses high costs for wheelchair users. From a policymaking perspective, our findings point out the importance of expanding universal design in public transport. They also call attention to other factors that explain travel time such as sidewalks segments and the temporal organization of urban activities that may turn into schedule mismatches.