bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographical Zone based Cluster Head for Routing in Sparse Vehicular Networks
Authors: Brendha R , Sinthu Janita Prakash V
Published: April 2019

Vehicular ad hoc network is a wireless communication technology that is used to provide safety and comfort transport on the roads. Routing algorithm design is one of the main challenging issues in VANET. This paper presents a Geographical Zone Based Cluster Head algorithm for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) to reduce the communication overhead generated by the Control Packets (CP). Depending on the area, the network can be sparsely or fully connected. The Geographical Zone Based Cluster Head Routing in Sparse network (GZCHRS) algorithm can endure network partition due to low node density in the sparse network and high node density in the urban network. This paper inspects the issues of VANETs in sparse networks. In this algorithm, the routing decision is based on vehicular density, velocity and link lifetime. The simulation results display that under rural network conditions, the Geographical Zone Based Cluster Head Routing algorithm performs well when compared to Light Weight Intersection based Traffic Aware Routing (LITAR) and Intersection-based Connectivity Aware Routing (ICAR).
Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Titiwangsa Lake Water Quality Using Chemometrics Analysis
Authors: Juahir Hafizan , Ghazali Adiana , Ismail Azimah , Mohamad Mahadzirah , Mohamad Hamzah Firdaus , Sudianto Sunardi , Lokman Mohd Lasim Mohd , Aidi Shahriz Mohamed , Elfithri Rahmah
Published: April 2019

Titiwangsa Lake is a renowned recreational lake in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The present study was purposely to define the current status of Titiwangsa Lake water quality and propose a water quality monitoring program to conserve and sustain the health of this lake. Samples were collected in January 2017 during the day and night-time periods. Spatial classification using hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) has clustered the sampling stations into low, medium and high contaminated areas. Temporal classification of discriminant analysis (DA) forward stepwise mode has highlighted DO, chlorophyll-a and E-coli are the significant variables. They showed a lower range of data during the day-time period compared to night-time period. DA backward stepwise model showed  significant variables of total suspended solid (TSS) and total phosphate (TP) were higher in concentration during the day-time period as compared to night-time period. The significant of varimax factors (VFs) in the principal component analysis (PCA) might contribute by the landscaping, small-scale domestic wastewater, urban stormwater and land erosion. In a nutshell, based on HACA classification, samples can be collected at only three stations represent each cluster during the next water quality monitoring activities as this could reduce the time and cost of sampling and sample analysis.
Trend Detection of Drug Abuse Using Multivariate Analysis in Malaysia During the Years 2005 to 2015
Authors: Arif Azizan Izwan , Juahir Hafizan , Ekhwan Toriman Mohd , Mohamad Mahadzirah , Abdullah Norfazillah , Hanif Abdullah Mohd
Published: April 2019

This study aims to dismantling number drug abuser, cohort of age and drug type effects to improve our understanding of these trends and suggested groups for target intervention by stakeholders to effectively reduce resultant harms. Data of the study involving number of drug abuser, cohort of age (8 groups: < 13, 13-15, 16-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, > 40) and drug type was obtained by reviewing annual report of National Anti-Drug Agency (NADA) of Malaysia during 2009 to 2015. Descriptive statistics were applied to give distribution rate and patterns of the data. Cluster analysis then performed to grouped age cohort and drug type into homogenous clusters. Mann – Kendall test were then applied at 5% interval level to identify any significant trends existed in all clusters. The result showed that age can be group into 3 clusters namely low-age cases, moderated-age cases and high-age cases, while for drug type 3 clusters were also created, low-drug type, moderate-drug type and high-drug type. Lastly, trend test shows that high-drug type (opiate) have very significant upward trend p < 0.05. Therefore, preventive strategies can be focus on young adult and opiate abused as it can greatly help reduce number of drug abuser in Malaysia.
Warning Sign Analysis of Traffic Sign Data-Set Using Supervised Spiking Neuron Technique
Authors: Safirin Karis Mohd , Mohd Ali Nursabillilah , Izzuddin Azahar Muhammad , Nazreen Shaari Shafrizal , Selamat Nurasmiza , Hidayat Mohd Saad Wira , Faiz Zainal Abidin Amar , Adzha Kadiran Kamaru , Ismael Rizman Zairi
Published: April 2019

In this paper, two types of conditions have been applied to analyze the performance of SNN towards usable traffic sign, which are hidden region and rotational effect. There are 20 warning traffic signs being focused on where there are regularly seen around Malacca area. These traffic sign needed to be embedded in this system as a databased to counter the output for mean error and recognition process for both conditions applied. Early hypothesis was design as the mean error and recognition process will degraded its performance as more intrusion get introduced in the system. For hidden region, the values show a critically rising error value at 62.5% = 0.123. While for mean error rotational effect, the values show an increasing abruptly for error value between 80 ̊ to 90 ̊ with 0.087% to 0.130%. For recognition process at 6.25% hidden region, 100% of images are correctly matchup to its own image. At 50% of hidden region, there is only 10% of image that able to be recognize while at 56.25% and 62.5% are leaving to outperform. At 10 ̊ rotation, 100% of images are perfectly recognized to its own image. At 60%, there is 30% of image able to recognize leaving others at 70%, 80% and 90% degrees rotation of images were outperformed. In view of element occasion driven handling, they open up new skylines for creating models with a colossal sum limit of recollecting and a solid capacity to quick adjustment. SNNs include another component, the transient hub, to the representation limit and the handling capacities of neural systems.
An Evaluation of Eggshell Waste/Waste Paper Mechanical Properties as Composite Paper
Authors: Abdullah Mohammad , Kum Yoke Soo , Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin Danial , Zaki Sukor Mohd , Roslan Azmi , Mariam Mohamad Ilyas Siti , Hanafie Yasin Mohd
Published: April 2019

Paper as a material, is useful. For this reason, the paper industry has contributed widely to the economy. This is also true for advancement in the technology for recycled papers. Paper fibre or paper pulp however is depleting due to extensive deforestation and loggings which in turn leads to problems such as global warming. Further, eggshell waste is a material found to be useful to produce papers. As such, this study intends to find out the possibilities of using eggshell waste and waste papers to produce papers. To carry out the research, the optimum ratio of fibre in the paper pulp was determined by the maximum strength of recycled paper produced. Eggshell waste was collected from a food court. The eggshells were then separated from their membrane, dried in the sun and grinded. It was then mixed with paper pulp according to the measured ratio. The study found that paper from a combination of eggshell fibre waste against waste paper was able to be produced and the optimum ratio was 2:8 because it had the highest tensile strength. The eggshell waste can be used as a material that enhanced the mechanical properties of recycled paper.
Model Of The Russian Crypto Currency Exchange Market
Authors: Aleхandrovich Galanov Vladimir , Grigorievich Perepelitsa Denis , Vladimirovna Galanova Aleхandra , Fedorovna Chelukhina Natalia , Ahmetshaevna Asyaeva Elmira
Published: April 2019

In recent years, a new market trading in cryptocurrencies and instruments based on them has been formed. Its participants who are interested in it according to the rules they develop create the market of cryptocurrencies. The goal of this article is to substantiate the possibility of a more organized market of cryptocurrencies with its legitimate exchange market in its top with two possible versions: a) as a specific exchange market consisting of an exchange center and decentralized markets (exchanges) of certain cryptocurrencies and b) as a market of cryptocurrencies built in into certain segments of the already existing exchange markets. Functional aspects of creating the cryptoinstruments’ exchange market are considered, and possible models of organizing it are offered. The authors are based on the need to strengthen the regulatory participation of the state during the formation of this market because such participation allows better observance of public interests under the conditions when the private interest is a driving force of the market. The state regulation somehow minimizes financial risks for ordinary participants of the cryptocurrencies’ market, but at the same time limits the impact of the new market towards possible destabilizing effects on the monetary circulation in the country and on the current investment processes in it.
Expert Examination of the Use of a Dependent Invention and a Dependent Utility Model Under the Law of the Russian Federation
Authors: Evgenievich Kitaiskiy Vladimir , Nikolaevich Petrov Evgeniy , Vladimirovna Shvedova Vera
Published: April 2019

The article deals with such objects of patent law as inventions and utility models, the use of which by patent holders in some cases is limited by the rights of other patent owners in accordance with the requirements of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, as amended on March 12, 2014. Such inventions and utility models are called dependent. In fact, these are improvements to other inventions and utility models, to which the exclusive right applies. The patent owner of such a dependent object of patent law may legitimately use his invention or his utility model only upon obtaining the right to use another (main) object of patent law or at its alienation from the legal owner. For this, it is necessary to reveal the dependence of one's object of patent law on another (main) object. The article shows how it is possible to identify such dependence under the existing patent legislation of the Russian Federation.
Cryptocurrencies on the Eeu Market
Authors: Grigorevich Perepelitsa Denis , Aleхandrovich Galanov Vladimir , Vladimirovna Galanova Aleхandra , Badalov Ashkhanovich , Aleksandrovich Markov Maksim
Published: April 2019

Modern financial technologies, in particular cryptocurrencies, penetrate deeper and deeper into the life of the modern world and the Russian society. The spread of cryptocurrencies in almost all areas is promoted by the following advantages: anonymity of payments, low commissions, and the inability to restrict the owners’ access to their funds. The use of cryptocurrencies is not limited to the banking and medical areas, insurance and services industries. Some experts suggest the creation of cryptocurrency as the single currency of the Eurasian Economic Union. Today this issue is only being discussed, but the advantages and a wide spread of cryptocurrencies prove that they can become one of the possible solutions in the currency agreement of the EEU being developed. To assess the prospects of using cryptocurrencies in the Eurasian Economic Union, it is necessary to analyze the prerequisites of cryptosystems, as well as to study the history of their development. The purpose of this article is to make a comparative analysis of cryptocurrencies on the EEU market in terms of possible use of the cryptocurrency as a supranational means of payment. The article considers the prerequisites of cryptocurrencies. Features of the currently most popular cryptocurrencies are analyzed. Possibilities of using them as EEU supranational payment means are estimated. Directions of the cryptocurrencies development on the EEU market are studied.
The Value of Happiness: Well-Being on A Global Scale
Authors: Nikolaevna Yudina Tatiana , Vladimirovna Fomicheva Tatyana , Vladimirovna Dolgorukova Irina , Ivanovna Kataeva Valentina , Mihajlovna Kryukova Elena
Published: April 2019

scope of the publication is to describe the value (relevance) of happiness using comparative analysis of sociological and statistical data through various methods. Consideration of socio-cultural values is associated primarily with the transformational processes activating in the modern Russia and other countries. A comparative analysis of demographic processes in other countries was conducted to compare them with the similar processes taking place in Russia. The secondary analysis of sociological data of the World Values Survey international crosscultural project as well as the analysis of design indexes of "happiness levels" from the World Happiness Report 2017, the International Happiness Index or the Happy Planet Index (HPI) 2016 were carried out, allowing us to compare the indexing results, track the transformation processes related to the dynamics of sociocultural values in many countries of the world, as well as in Russia. The document analysis techniques used were the traditional (primary) analysis of documents, as well as secondary comparative analysis. Specialized quantitative content-analytical methods were practically tested during the work on this project. Thus, a "triangular approach" was used to study the processes in the value consciousness.
CFD Simulation of Automotive Pollutant Dispersion in High-Rise Building Urban Environment Under Deeply Stable Atmospheric Condition
Authors: R. Lotfy E , M. F. Wan Mahmood W , Zulkifli R , Harun Z
Published: April 2019

The layer of atmosphere adjacent to the earth’s surface which is affected by friction, heat transfer and pollution from the surface is called the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). At nighttime, the earth’s surface become colder than the upper atmospheric layers. The thermal stratification with heavy cold layers close to the ground and light hot ones upwards dampens mixing currents in the atmosphere; a condition named as stable ABL. The absence of mixing at night causes the pollutants released from ground sources, such as automotive transportation, to settle in the layers close to the earth which affects human health. This research is a CFD investigation of the effect of building density on pollutant dispersion in urban areas under severe atmospheric stability condition. Three plane area densities were examined; 35, 25 and 15%. Carbon dioxide was considered as the pollutant. Large eddy simulation (LES) was utilized in the simulation. The results have proven the positive effect of building structures in dispersing pollutants. However, high building densities above 25% trap high concentrations of pollutants at the pedestrian level. The research may offer recommendations for the city planners and legislators about traffic pollution and architectural planning.
Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Rheocat Al-5.7si-2cu-0.3mg Alloy
Authors: A. Abdelgnei M , Z. Omar M , J. Ghazali M , A. Gebril Mohamed , N. Mohammed M
Published: April 2019

In this study, the effect of improved microstructure of Al-5.7Si-2Cu-0.3Mg alloys by using semisolid process on hardness and dry sliding wear behaviour were investigated. The microstructures of conventional cast alloy were totally dendritic, while in rheocasting the dendritic transfer to fine globular microstructures after using cooling slope casting. Tribological tests were carried out by using a pin-on-disc apparatus in dry sliding conditions. Wear tests were at low sliding speed 1ms-1 ,applied load at 50N and three different sliding distance (i.e., 1.8Km, 5.4Km and 9Km) respectively. An optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope were used to examine the microstructure and to understand the wear mechanism on the worn surface of both samples. The results showed that, the wear resistance of rheocast alloy was improved and higher than that those produce by conventional casting. The volume loss of rheocast alloy show reduction more than 18% at 1.8Km and 10% at 9Km compared to as-cast alloy. Moderate wear regimes were appeared in both alloys, according to the range of wear rate. The friction coefficient had increased due to increase in the contact point between pin and disc materials. The dominant wear mechanism for conventional and rheocasting alloys was adhesion wear and abrasive wear respectively.
Applicability of A Rotary Eddy Current Damper in Passenger Vehicle Suspension with Parallel Inerter
Authors: Foong Soong Ming , Ramli Rahizar , Abdullah Saifizul Ahmad , Zamzamzadeh Mahdieh
Published: April 2019

Numerous studies have proven that the performance of vehicle suspension can be benefited by an inerter in parallel to conventional spring-damper setup, yet its usability in passenger vehicle suspension is still limited by practical consideration in physical implementation. One way of achieving better physical implementation of the parallel inerter suspension layout is to exploit the inerter’s flywheel as a metallic conductor to integrate passive damping in the form of a rotary eddy current damper. However, the feasibility of eddy current damping in this specific application remains unknown. This study investigates the applicability of eddy current damping incorporated in an inerter in terms of the achievable damping rates as required in typical passenger vehicle suspensions. In the study, passive eddy current damping due to constant magnetic field around the flywheel of a mathematically designed inerter was computed through simulation, and the range of achievable damping rates due to parametric variations, for instance air gap and magnetic coverage, was evaluated. Results of the parametric analysis showed that the induced eddy current damping from a rack-and-pinion inerter’s flywheel, considering the designed inertance as prerequisite, was at least capable of achieving 1500 Nsm-1. As the achievable damping was within the range of suitable damping rates for typical passenger vehicles, rotary eddy current damper was deemed applicable in passenger vehicle suspension employing parallel inerter.
A Computational Aerodynamic Study of Tandem Rotating Wheels in Contact with the Ground
Authors: Rasidi Rasani Mohammad , Shamsudeen Azhari , Harun Zambri , Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood Wan
Published: April 2019

Wheels have significant impact on noise and drag of road vehicles, which may influence their fuel consumption, emission and comfort. A number of studies have analyzed flow and aerodynamics of isolated wheel in contact with the ground, but limited attention has been given to interaction between wheels. The present study aims to compare the aerodynamics and flow structure between single and tandem wheels. To that end, flow around single and tandem wheels are simulated using a turbulence Scaled Adaptive Unsteady Reynolds Average Navier Stokes (URANS) model. Wheel geometry was based on the actual wheel used in the experiments of Fackrell and Harvey. Flow around single and tandem wheels were examined and compared, along with their respective drag and lift coefficients. Results for single wheel in contact with the ground show good agreement with previous experiments. In the tandem wheel case, the rear wheel exhibits lower drag coefficient (CD = 0.37) and more downforce (lift coefficient CL = -0.14) compared to the front wheel. The present investigation may help to illustrate impact of wheel interaction on their aerodynamics.
Evaluation on Thermo-Electrical Characteristics of Sio2 Nanofluids for Fuel Cell Cooling Application in Automobiles
Authors: Akilu Suleiman , Tesfamichael Baheta Aklilu , V. Sharma K
Published: April 2019

Effective thermal management is critical requirement in fuel cell technologies to avoid the performance degradation during operation. Nanofluids offer the potential to address this cooling challenge in fuel cells better than pure fluids. However, due to the electrochemical changes associated with the proton exchange membrane system, a strict limit on thermal and electrical properties of coolant needs to comply. In this study, the thermal and electrical conductivities of silicon dioxide (SiO2) dispersion of ethylene glycol (EG), glycerol (G), and 40:60 by mass ethylene glycol-glycerol (EG/G) was investigated experimentally. Measurements were carried for particle volume concentrations of 0.25–2.0% at a temperature of 30 °C. The thermal and electrical conductivity of the nanofluids significantly increases with SiO2 loading. Maximum enhancements of ∼4.0% and ∼198% at a volume concentration of 2.0% were obtained with SiO2-EG/G, respectively. Further, analysis of the results reveals that SiO2/G exhibited the greatest thermo-electrical performance, followed by SiO2-EG/G and EG. Therefore, SiO2-EG/G nanofluid is best-suited coolant for PEM fuel cell thermal applications.
Characterization of Wavelet Decomposition Strain Signal Using the K-Mean Clustering Method
Authors: A. Rahim A , H. Chin C , Abdullah S , S. K. Singh S , Z. Nuawi M , H. A. Hassan F
Published: April 2019

This paper aims to study the characterisation of time-frequency domain to analyse the fatigue strain signal due to weaknesses in time domain and frequency domain approaches. The objectives were to determine the behaviour of strain signal, characterise the fatigue life of strain signal and validate the fatigue life in time-frequency domain. The strain signal was obtained using data acquisition devices and strain gauges on two types of road condition including highway and industrial area. The acquired signals were analysed with time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain approaches. In time-frequency domain, the signals were decomposed using 4th Daubechies discrete wavelet transform. To validate the effectiveness of time-frequency approach in characterising vibration fatigue signal, fatigue data was clustered by mapping of the data based on the spectrum energy, root-mean-square and fatigue life obtained. The clustering was performed by comparing the centroid values which both data had five clusters as the optimum data clustering with 0.836 average distance to centroid. From this, the relationship between fatigue life, root-mean-square and spectrum energy can be determined and thus a new fatigue life criterion was developed.
DNS Tunneling: a Review on Features
Authors: Sammour Mahmoud , Hussin Burairah , Othman Mohd Fairuz Iskandar , Doheir Mohamed , AlShaikhdeeb Basel , Saad Talib Mohammed
Published: April 2019

One of the significant threats that faces the web nowadays is the DNS tunneling which is an attack that exploit the domain name protocol in order to bypass security gateways. This would lead to lose critical information which is a disastrous situation for many organizations. Recently, researchers have pay more attention in the machine learning techniques regarding the process of DNS tunneling. Machine learning is significantly impacted by the utilized features. However, the lack of benchmarking standard dataset for DNS tunneling, researchers have captured the features of DNS tunneling using different techniques. This paper aims to present a review on the features used for the DNS tunneling.
A Review on Prevalence and Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders (Msds) Among VDT Users
Authors: Shafika Mohamad Siti , Nasrull Abdol Rahman Mohd , . .
Published: April 2019

This review aims to to identify the prevalence of computer work related to musculoskeletal disorders among Video Display Terminal users.The association between risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders was also identified. Data from 1990 until 2015 was retrieved using electronic databases. The review was done based on computer work, office risk factors, musculoskeletal disorders, working posture, office components and office environment. Epidemiology studies show that physical exposure has a moderate and to strong association with Computer Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders. Sixteen risk factors for office workstation swith significant associations with body part exposure outcomeswere identified. Through the studies, it was found that computer-related risk factors correspond with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) including awkward postures, long duration of computer use, work involving repetitive processes and the office environment
A Handheld Technology for Optical Monitoring of Transcutaneous Blood Oxygen Saturation
Authors: K.C. Huong Audrey , E. Ong P , H. Tsen V , T. I. Ngu Xavier
Published: April 2019

This paper presents the use of a handheld technology for noninvasive prediction of oneâ€™s transcutaneous blood oxygen saturation, StO2, via an in-house developed skin oxygenation system. The quantification strategy involved the use of wavelength dependent Modified Lambert Beer law and is based on light signals of wavelengths 532 nm, 560 nm and 650 nm reflected from the selected skin site. This study performed at rest and arterial blood occlusion experiment on left palm of the hand of five healthy Asian volunteers to evaluate the performance of the system and to verify the validity of the predicted results. The preliminary results revealed a considerable decrease in the predicted mean percent StO2 value from 63.7 Â± 13.2 % for at rest condition to 52.2 Â± 11.4 % after a pressure of 140 mmHg was applied on upper left arm of these recruits for 120 seconds. This work concluded that the developed optical system is able to provide comprehensive information on spatially dependent StO2 and it has unlimited skin access, hence may be potentially used in field applications to assess the skin oxygen level of those in workforce whose job is at risk of exposure to poisonous gases.Â
Optimization of Material Transportation Assignment for Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) System
Authors: Rashidah Mohamad Nor , Hafidz Fazli Md Fauadi Muhammad , Fairus Zainudin Siti , Zaki Mohamed Mohamed Noor Ahamad , Azni Jafar Fairul , Mat Ali Mahasan
Published: April 2019

This article focuses on Material Transportation Assignment problem that is identified as an Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) multi-load task assignment. The primary goal of this paper is to determine the factors needed to optimize material transportation system. This study also explores the optimization and performance enhancement of the Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) environment. The implementation of Genetic Algorithm (GA) in this model is to obtain the optimal solution for FMS layout. The combination of delivery and pickup task are addressed by modified algorithm for advancement in multiple loads AGV. The result obtained depicts that the proposed task assignment method with a modified genetic algorithm can produce acceptable performance compared to conventional task assignment method.
Mean-Variance Portfolio Optimization on Islamic Stocks by Using Non Constant Mean and Volatility Models and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Soeryana Hasbullah Endang , Bt Abdul Halim Nurfadhlina , . Sukono , Sukma Putra Adam , Talib Bon Abdul
Published: April 2019

The risk in stock market has taken an sinificant issue in investment of stock market, including Investment in some Islamic stocks. In order to minimize the level of risk, investors usually forming an investment portfolio. Establishment of a portfolio consisting of several Islamic stocks are intended to get the optimal composition of the investment portfolio. This paper discussed about optimizing investment portfolio of Mean-Variance to Islamic stocks by using mean and volatility is not constant approaches. Non constant mean analyzed using models Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA), while non constant volatility models are analyzed using the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH). Optimization process is performed by using the Lagrangian multiplier technique followed by the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The expected result is to get the proportion of investment in each Islamic stock analyzed. Based on the result, we got that GA give a proportion of portfolio optimum selection with the best expected return. However, The GA has more potential candidate of solution that give the investor an alternative of their optimum portfolio selection. in this paper, we only present the best solution which has the highest fitness to the model.
Equity Issue and a Long-Term Effect of Equity Market Timing on Capital Structure
Authors: Miswanto Miswanto , . .
Published: April 2019

After the research about a short term effect of equity market timing on capital structure, the author is motivated to do research about a long term effect of equity market timing on capital structure of the firms which is listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The main problems on this research are to understand whether firms use equity market timing theory when issuing equity, and whether equity market timing has a long term effect on its capital structure. Then the purpose of this study is to examine the problems of this research. There are two hypothesis in this research. First, firms use equity market timing when issuing equity, and second, equity market timing has a long term effect on capital structure of firms in Indonesia. This research uses non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the period of 2001 to 2011 as the sample. The data used in this research are panel data. The sample choosing is based on sample non-probability sampling using purposive sampling in form of judgment sampling. The research model used in this study is a distributed-lag regression model. The results of this research show that firms use equity market timing when issuing equity, and equity market timing does not have a long term effect on capital structure of firms in Indonesia. Thus, because there is deviation on the capital structure, then there is an indication that the firms will perform the process of speed adjustment towards the targeted capital structure, the optimum capital structure.
Does Financial Liberalization Foster Economic Growth? Empirical Evidence from ASEAN-6 Countries
Authors: Kumari Selvarajan Sonia , Ab-Rahim Rossazana , Awg-Marikan Dyg-Affizzah
Published: April 2019

This paper aims to investigate the impacts of financial liberalization towards the economic growth in ASEAN-6 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam) throughout the study period of 1990 to 2015 by employing the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimations technique. The proxies for financial liberalization are the domestic private credit (DPC) and the stock market capitalization (SMC); while the indicator for economics growth is represented by gross domestic products (GDP) growth per capita. The results show greater DPC foster the ASEAN-6 economic growth in the long-run and more relaxed loans as well as non-equity securities regimes of the private sector provide greater opportunity and eventually trigger the development of the private sector which result in a healthier economy. Interestingly, the SMC results confirm the positive relationship between financial liberalization and economic growth of ASEAN-6. Hence, the results offer an evidence of the growth-stimulating effect of financial liberalization among ASEAN-6 countries.
Causes and Solutions of “Tragedy of the Commons” in Natural Resources Management of Muncar Coastal Areas
Authors: Wulandari Dwi , Yunika Puspasari Emma , Anita Yunikawati Nur , Soseco Thomas , Shandy Narmaditya Bagus , Istiqomah Ni’matul , Hardinto Prih , Hadi Utomo Sugeng , Witjaksono Mit
Published: April 2019

The tragedy of commons exists where natural common resources are overused. Every user is encouraged to maximize their utilization by taking as much as they can, left environment’s ability to regenerates behind. As a result, there will be a decreasing result. The condition exists in Muncar in Banyuwangi, Indonesia. This coastal area has to accommodate an increasing number of fishing fleets with more advanced technology, which creates a diminishing volume in fishing catches. This research explores the tragedy of commons in Muncar, Indonesia. We use the qualitative approach with the phenomenological interpretative paradigm. We interviewed stakeholders as well as fishermen in Muncar. The result of this study (1). The increasing number of fishing fleets are accompanied with more advanced technology. This allows fishermen to catch fish in higher volume. Also, there is a negligence in environment-friendly concern because of economic reason. (2). The tragedy of commons is caused by unclear regulation about fish regulation along the Muncar Coastal Area. The development of infrastructure in Muncar is not well equipped with adequate utilities such as disposal waste facilities. Also, the development of industrial zones in Muncar is not well planned.
Significance of Murabahah Finance towards the Imrovement of Agricultural Productivity in Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Bashir  Aziz Ahmad , Ibrahim Mohammed Ahmed , . .
Published: April 2019

Murabahah finance (mark-up) is an Islamic financial product which engages in sales of a commodity in cash or in credit with a full knowledge and agreement on the cost of a commodity and profit margin by both the buyer and the seller. It explores the Shariah legal justification and it is viable in advancing agricultural output of the most populous state of Nigeria. Equally, the study momentarily revealed the background of Kano state. The state is occupied by agricultural output and agro-allied industrial products that serve as a channel of earning income to the farmers and government prior to the discovery and exploration of oil. The study is intents to poster the significance Murabahah finance towards the improvement of this type of Islamic financial product in order to contribute to the agricultural output of Kano state. This paper aims to put into the development of the 44 Kano state micro finance banks, which are the infant financial institution owned by the state government. It is hoped that the outcome of this research will improve the socioeconomic standard of rural farmers, enhance food supply, agribusiness, and agro allied industries of the state. It is also hoped that the application of Murabahah will attract both local and foreign investors which will lead to the economic growth of Kano state and Nigeria in general. This study employed qualitative research methodology, whereby the data will be extracted from the books, magazines, scholarly articles, and other relevant websites material.
Study of Open and Sealed Auctions in Astra Credit Companies Using Batna and Zopa
Authors: Turipanam Alamanda Dini , Ovinia Saraswati Puspa , Sidiq Adi Prabowo Fajar , Azhari Muhammad
Published: April 2019

Decision made by the finance companies in solving the bad credit problems is through the withdrawal of vehicles that have been financed, then sell them through the auction system. Truck withdrawal unit is the one with the highest auction frequency. The higher the auction frequency, the lower the vehicle’s minimum price will become or the price will drop. The purposes of this study are to determine the best alternative to be carried out by Astra Credit Companies when analyzed using BATNA in open ascending and sealed highest bid auctions, and to know the price range and condition class of the auction unit that allows for an agreement to take place when analyzed using ZOPA. Based on the type, this is a descriptive qualitative research involving longitudinal observations. The data was collected through interviews with the representatives of Astra Credit Companies and the bidders, observations of the auction processes, and analyses of the auction result’s documentations study. The results reveal that open auction generates higher sales than the sealed one, but the biggest margin between the minimum price and the selling price takes place in the sealed auction. The amount of the minimum price depends on the condition class and the frequency of the auction events of each unit. The suggestion that can be implemented based on the research results for the companies is that they should provide information on an ongoing basis for the prospective bidders or partnering dealers to increase their participations. The maximum payment is results from the sales of ISUZU NKR71HD WOODEN TRUCK (sealed auction) and NKR71 HDDUMPTRK (open auction).
Social Capital Strengthening Strategy for Maintaining Investment Sustainability in Lumajang Regency
Authors: . Zainuri , Viphindrartin Sebastiana , Asna Silvi
Published: April 2019

Lumajang Regency has various potentials to be developed. The geographical condition of the region as one of the potentials should be able to increase the regional income through investments. On the other hand, it has been identified that investment level and regional income have decreased. Based on field research, it is caused by global economic changes (interest, electricity, tax, etc.) and crimes. However, other conditions also exist. For example, there are some investors with no business declining using social capital strength. This study aims to uncover the strategy of social capital strengthening for maintaining investment sustainability in Lumajang Regency. This research employs qualitative phenomenology method. The results of this research indicate that there are two strategies used by investors for maintaining their business in the uncertain condition in Lumajang. First, Personal-Branding Strategy (PBS) is a strategy using personal approach by persuasive ways to create bounding social capital. Meanwhile, Self-Esteem Approach Strategy (SEAS) is a strategy using job competency and power to create linking social capital. This strategy can be used by the existing investors to re-start or maintain their business in Lumajang; it can also become one of considerations of potential investors on what they must do to reach sustainable and profitable business in Lumajang Regency.
Social Construction of Masculine Women Identity
Authors: Fachrul Nurhadi Zikri , Salamah Ummu , Destari Yully , Susanti Suseno Novie
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study to discover and reveal the social construction of masculine woman identity in terms of externalization, objectivation, and internalization. This study used a qualitative approach, with a method or theory of social reality construction of constructivism paradigm. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and literature. The study finding showed that the social construction of masculine woman identity in terms of externalization is influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factor is influenced by a family that makes informants show the social construction of masculine woman identity to the public. While external factor is influenced by association with male friend and technological advances (mass media) that have contributed to the formation of character, appearance style, and feeling to others. In general, social identity construction of masculine woman constructs her identity in a way  showed that masculine woman does not always have a negative character. In this case, a masculine woman can survive and adapt to the family, campus and community environments. The research finding showed that appearance changes will only happen if there is a will from the masculine woman herself, and the comfort level of masculine appearance can not change the identity.
The Role of Asian International Arbitration Centre (AIAC) as a regional Hub for Oil and Gas Sector
Authors: M. Zulhafiz Wan , . . , . .
Published: April 2019

Hydrocarbons projects involve multiple parties, including sovereign states and corporations, to operate expensive, complex and high-risk activities. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) is often preferred more by the parties than litigation to ensure the smooth running of the projects. ADR refers to all mechanisms of dispute settlement other than litigation such as negotiation, mediation, adjudication, and arbitration. The Asian International Arbitration Centre (AIAC) or formerly known as the Kuala Lumpur Regional Centre for Arbitration (KLRCA) is the main institution that administers and resolves all commercial arbitration disputes in Malaysia. This research argues that, due to the technicalities and complexity of operations in the oil and gas sector, there is a need to set up a special arbitration centre for oil and gas under the AIAC to handle and resolve the industrial disputes. Furthermore, by establishing the centre, it can help to promote the AIAC as the choice of arbitration hub, especially within the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). In doing so, it is necessary to pass a special legal framework to enable the establishment of the centre. It may function as a roadmap by the key players of the oil and gas sector to recourse in resolving disputes. The methodology employed by this research is carried out in a prescriptive, comparative and analytic manner.
Social Protection for Child Labors
Authors: Yuningsih Yuyun , Salamah Ummu , Nurwati Nunung
Published: April 2019

Socio-economic condition of the family often drives children to be directly involved in earning living expenses as workers. In the informal sector, Child labor is very prone to exploitation, discrimination, and violence. The purpose of this study is to discuss the implementation of social protection for child labor in Cibaduyut Region, Bandung, Indonesia. This study used descriptive qualitative approach. Informants were selected based on purposive sampling method. The informants covered child labor, family, and representation from a government agency and non-government agency involved in social protection program for child labor. Data collecting was obtained through interview and observation. The data were analyzed with the descriptive qualitative method. The research finding showed that social protection for child labor needs social assistance, social advocacy, and legal assistance. The result denoted that social protection program cannot be done effectively, comprehensively, and sustainability. This study used ecological perspective to understand the influential factors toward a social policy for child labor. Furthermore, the study recommended the enhancement of cooperation and coordination between stakeholders so that child labor can be treated effectively.
50 Days of War on Innocent Civilian: Ma’an News Agency Coverage of Israeli and Palestinian Conflict
Authors: Almahallawi Wesam , Zanuddin Hasmah
Published: April 2019

Since the TV broadcasting was established in Arab countries until the 1990s, broadcasting during this specific time was based on a government control model, which derived from the view of broadcasting as an instrument of state advance that must be under the control from government. This kind of TVs, limits the broadcasting to highlight the government issue (1). In these kind of TVs, they focus with the leader’s opinion more than the Palestinian problem. By the way, the theme in Arab media determined to highlight the leader’s opinion who claims the right to speak on behalf of Palestinians. In September 1991, the first private TV in the Arab world was established when MBC went on the air from London. More private TVs followed after that like: Orbit in 1994 and ART in 1995, both based in Italy owned by Saudi businessmen, Future Television and LBC, both Lebanese based in Beirut, in 1995, and Al-Jazeera based in Qatar in 1996. In 2002 the number of the Arab TV stations was expanded to more than 150 TVS as government or privately owned, with capability of reaching the Arab people in any place in the world. This paper focuses on the media coverage of the conflict between two parties Palestine and Israel. The preview studies show that, in a conflict the media has an influential role and has responsibility for increasing violence or contributing to the resolution of conflict and mitigation of violence (2). This study examined 61 news coverage and framing of the Israel and Palestine conflict, known as the 50 days’ war from 8 July – 26 August 2014 by Ma’an News Agency, which delivers news to Ma’an TV (Palestinian satellite television station). A quantitative content analysis was employed to examine the news published during the war using five generic frames developed by (3). Holsti Inter-coder reliability and validity test value is 0.988 or 98% agreement. The results showed that conflict and human-interest frames were significantly visible compared to other frames in Ma’an news coverage. Portrayal of images of civilian killing, children and women killed in their homes and suffrage news coverage, in this war. Responsibility frame stressed on hospitals bombing and embargo of medications which reduced chances for Palestinian of immediate medical help. The economic frame highlighted the economic and financial losses of Palestinians as consequences of 50 days’ war. Most of them lost their income, businesses, agriculture land and homes and became refugees.
Perceived Confidence and Quality: Perception of Employers Towards Fresh Graduates: a Study in Malaysia
Authors: Hanie Abu Samah Irza , Abashah Aidanazima , Ummi Naiemah Saraih
Published: April 2019

Graduates quality has become a major issue recently especially in today’s scenario. Graduates quality can be varying when it perceived by employers. Different sector of industry has different standard of quality. The interpretation of employers towards graduates counts the job placement of graduates. It is hard to standardized quality across industries. Several attributes show that competence relatedness and autonomy do influence the quality of graduates. A quantitative method was used in this study for data gathering. All items were using 10-point likert scale. The content validity of this questionnaire were reviewed by five human resource professionals, and Cronbach alpha for each item is more than 0.75 which is acceptable. Questionnaires were given to the human resource officers in the company through email. Convenient sampling was applied in this study for data collection. 50 questionnaires were distributed across manufacturing industry and services industry in Malaysia. Using Partial least square to analyze the data, this study found out that competence in communication is the same criteria which majority across industries are seeking upon graduates. Therefore, Industries that involved are manufacturing (34.38%) and services (65.63%).  Measurement model and structural model were assessed to see the relationship. It shows that perception on competence has most influenced towards quality (AVE=0.849, R2=0.734=Q2=0.443).  This study concludes that employers around the world are looking at similar attribute on graduate’s competence. This study also warrants a future research, whereby researcher could get more sample size and by doing sample which involves employers, graduates and educators.
Nurturing Moral Values Among the Children: Insights from Dance and Drama-Based Learning
Authors: . Ramlan , Rozak Abdul , . Fikriyah , . Nurkholis , Ibrahim Yusuf
Published: April 2019

Emerging the immoral behavior being the challenges in Indonesia during the last few decades needs to have alternative approach implemented in the learning process. The serious reconstruction of the national education curriculum has to be conducted into designing the alternative concept, especially inculcating the moral personality within the exciting programs. Among those programs with offering exciting programs, one of them is dance and drama basis. This paper aims to explore the way to inculcate moral values among the children through dance and drama based learning. Literature analysis was conducted from peer reviewed books and journals using the theme of dance and drama based learning. The results indicate that there are three core basis of delivering learning basis of arts where both refer to sharing the art with a significant professional experience to connect with each other in realizing to feel emotional similarities, potential in shaping moral values. Those are the process of receiving knowledge in the sense of sharpening performance with managing the learning habit. This study is expected to contribute to the conceptual basis on how to inculcate the moral values among the children. Thus, moral education should be optimized within this co-curricular program.