bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de Vinaza de Saccharum Officinarum para Estabilización de Suelos Cohesivos
Authors: Bustamante Salazar Flor Lisbet , Benites Chero Julio César , Marín Bardales Noé Humberto
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo muestra el uso de la vinaza de Saccharum officinarum en la estabilización de suelos cohesivos. Estos suelos en mención son aquellos que presentan propiedades de resistencia muy pobres, lo cual impide que el suelo trabaje de una forma adecuada como parte de una subrasante en una vía. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la estabilización de suelos cohesivos con la incorporación de vinaza de Saccharum officinarum. El tipo de investigación es experimental, la técnica utilizada es la observación y ficha de recolección de datos, mediante en la cual se pudo obtener valores de los ensayos realizados en laboratorio con el suelo natural y suelo estabilizado con vinaza de Saccharum officinarum. Los resultados indican que el suelo en estudio son limos y arcillas inorgánicas de baja plasticidad. Con la aplicación de vinaza de Saccharum officinarum se identificó que la densidad del suelo aumenta con los diferentes porcentajes utilizados. Luego al realizar los ensayos de resistencia mecánica del suelo estabilizado se logró incrementar la resistencia respecto a la del suelo natural, siendo el 25% de vinaza de Saccharum officinarum la que obtuvo los valores más altos. La investigación concluye que la incorporación de vinaza de Saccharum officinarum aumenta las propiedades de resistencia de un suelo cohesivo.
Competencias profesionales actuales del trabajo social para la valoración socioeconómica
Authors: Carrillo Russel Abraham Puc , Díaz Gabriela Isabel Vázquez , Alvarado Amairani Aracelly Ceh
Published: February 2022

Introducción: El trabajo social requiere adaptarse a las nuevas necesidades, orientando su práctica profesional para responder a los sucesos emergentes, por tal motivo se realizan ajustes a los procesos de intervención.

Objetivo/Propósito: En este sentido, el presente trabajo tiene como propósito describir las competencias profesionales del trabajo social para la valoración socioeconómica de aspirantes a uno de los programas de bachillerato del Estado de Yucatán, México en el contexto actual por la covid-19.

Método: Por lo anterior, se empleó una revisión sistemática, basada en la identificación de las competencias profesionales con las que cuentan los y las egresadas del Programa de Licenciatura en Trabajo Social de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Dichos profesionales prestaron sus servicios en las dos últimas ediciones del Proyecto Valoración de la Situación Socioeconómica del Aspirante a la Unidad Académica Bachillerato con Interacción Comunitaria. Como parte del método se continuó con la localización y selección de los estudios primarios; evaluación de la calidad metodológica de los estudios; extracción de datos; análisis y presentación de resultados. 

Resultados: Como principales resultados se ha identificado que para la valoración socioeconómica se requieren competencias tanto de la formación disciplinar como profesional, esto facilitaría la aplicación de los criterios que se requieren para la triangulación de datos, parámetros establecidos por organismos nacionales e identificación de las vulnerabilidades presentes en el contexto del sujeto de estudio.

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La sindemia, una oportunidad para las personas en situación de calle. Chile
Authors: Urrutia Pedro
Published: February 2022

Introducción

La investigación analiza la experiencia de las personas que viven en la calle, y que por causa de la sindemia producida por virus SARS-CoV-2 en el mundo, y en particular en la ciudad de Temuco en Chile, han tenido que vivir dentro de hospederías y/o albergues, que pasan de ser dispositivos transitorios a permanentes.

 Objetivo:

Comprender las formas en que las personas en situación de calle se apropian de los espacios de un albergue u hospedería, que de manera no planificada y sin ser el objetivo de estas, comienzan hacer procesos terapéuticos, reconocer las prácticas en su vida cotidiana.

 Método:

Investigación cualitativa, con una perspectiva etnometodológica. Se considera un muestreo intencional, utilizando como técnicas de producción de información, la entrevista en profundidad y la observación participante.

Resultado:

Da cuenta de los cambios en aspectos personales, en los procesos de vinculación y motivación de mantener sus mejoras por el mayor tiempo posible, dejando el consumo de alcohol y/o drogas y retomando sus procesos en salud, responsabilizándose de los espacios, tomando decisiones y elaborando rutinas que no estaban planeadas.

Conclusiones:

El generar espacios da cuenta de que la personas que viven en la calle, concuerdan que el no tener que salir a la calle no hace necesario el consumo de alcohol y/o drogas, que pueden proyectar su vida más allá de la calle, que los procesos de autoexclusión o de aislamiento son derribados al compartir sus vivencias con otros y encontraron con la sindemia una oportunidad.
Trabajo Social Digital en México: formación profesional en un contexto de sindemia
Authors: Monroy López Alejandra , Zavala Caudillo Aurora , Gálvez Hernández Carmen Lizette , Robelo Zarza Olga Marina
Published: February 2022

Introducción: hablar del trabajo social digital en México coloca en debate el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación como herramientas metodológicas en los procesos de práctica escolar, de un escenario presencial a uno digital; un desafío para el cuerpo docente en la formación de estudiantes en la disciplina del trabajo social.  

Objetivo: examinar las estrategias metodológicas de investigación/intervención digital desde el trabajo social en la formación profesional, con la intención de precisar cómo han incorporado estas tecnologías al ámbito educativo en un contexto de sindemia.

Método y técnica: se realizó un estudio exploratorio, transversal y cualitativo utilizando el método etnográfico virtual. Se efectuó un grupo focal conformado por cuatro docentes de prácticas escolares a través de Zoom, desarrollado en la Escuela Nacional de Trabajo Social. El análisis se realizó utilizando un enfoque inductivo, descriptivo e interpretativo.

Resultados: las docentes realizaron procesos de intervención desde el trabajo social digital, con el diseño de estrategias digitales, lo que logró una reestructuración metodológica en sus prácticas escolares, y una exposición de las implicaciones y desafíos afrontados.

Conclusiones: la sindemia provocada por la COVID -19 aceleró el empleo de las tecnologías de información y comunicación, pero esta no se presenta de manera equitativa, ya que se registra una brecha digital en el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en estudiantes y docentes de este estudio.
Experiência estética na formação continuada de professores na escola
Authors: Gonçalves Rosy , Chaluh Laura Noemi
Published: February 2022

O presente trabalho é um recorte de pesquisa de mestrado que teve como objetivo geral analisar os processos formativos desencadeados no contexto das Horas de Trabalho Pedagógico Coletivo (HTPC’s) e que tinham como pauta as experiências estéticas. Neste trabalho discutimos a formação de professores no contexto escolar envolvendo a linguagem literária, a linguagem cinematográfica e a linguagem visual, propulsoras de experiências estéticas. Socializamos as inquietações e práticas promovidas por uma professora coordenadora iniciante preocupada com a formação continuada dos professores no contexto de uma escola municipal de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental do município de Rio Claro/SP. Trata-se de pesquisa narrativa (LIMA; GERLADI; GERALDI, 2015) que tomou como objeto de estudo as práticas de formação continuada instituídas pela referida professora coordenadora. Para compor este trabalho utilizamos as escritas do diário de bordo pessoal da professora coordenadora; registros dos professores e equipe gestora contidos na Pasta de Memórias das HTPC’s e fichas avaliativas das HTPC’s. Para desenvolver o processo de interpretação dos dados nos inspiramos no paradigma indiciário. A pesquisa desvelou que a experiência estética favoreceu uma proposta formativa humanizadora e implicou na ressignificação da própria atuação da professora coordenadora.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Professora Coordenadora; Formação Continuada; Experiência Estética.
Desafios e trajetória escolar de um estudante com altas habilidades/superdotação
Authors: Mendonça Michelle Maia , Lino Carla Cristine Tescaro , Munhoz Diogo Janes
Published: February 2022

Trata-se de um estudo de caso sobre a necessidade de identificação e flexibilização curricular ao estudante que apresenta características de altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/SD). O estudante participante dessa pesquisa reside e estuda em uma cidade localizada no interior do estado do Paraná, e foi identificado como Bob, para preservar sua identidade. Analisar o trabalho pedagógico com o estudante e se os professores se encontravam preparados para identificarem estudantes superdotados em sala de aula, se tornou a problemática dessa pesquisa. Objetivou-se, portanto, apresentar os desafios de um estudante de 12 anos de idade com altas habilidades nas áreas intelectual e acadêmica durante sua trajetória escolar, desde a Educação Infantil até o 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental II, inclusive sobre o período de ensino remoto necessário no ano de 2020. Considerou-se ainda, sua identificação tardia e os desafios enfrentados nos colégios em que estudou. Concluiu-se que a literatura, segundo autores como Renzulli, Virgolim, Sabatella e Delou entre outros, apresenta em suas pesquisas que poucos estudantes com tais habilidades têm sido devidamente identificados nas escolas públicas e privadas, afinal, a maioria dos profissionais da educação não reconhecem as necessidades especiais desses estudantes e não compreendem que a área das altas habilidades/superdotação, carregada de mitos e informações descontextualizadas, está inserida no contexto da Educação Especial.
Comenius e a relação professor/aluno
Authors: Kulesza Wojciech Andrzej
Published: February 2022

No momento em que se rememora em todo o mundo a passagem dos 350 anos do falecimento de Comenius, consideramos fundamental reconfigurar o lugar do Orbis Sensualium Pictus, sua obra didática mais famosa, no conjunto de sua obra educacional. Livro concebido na maturidade do autor, em pleno exercício de sua prática de professor de latim, sua leitura moderna tem enfatizado sua importância como concretização exemplar de suas concepções pedagógicas. Neste trabalho focalizamos o modo como a relação pedagógica entre educador e educando é apresentada por Comenius no Orbis Pictus, fazendo-se uma leitura que pressupõe o conhecimento de sua obra pedagógica, notadamente da Didactica Magna e da Pampaedia. Devido à presença do farto material visual no Orbis Pictus, além do exame do texto escrito, é feita uma apreciação concomitante de algumas imagens presentes no livro referentes a essa temática, procurando-se levar em conta a explícita vinculação entre texto e imagem que a concepção original do livro exige.
Conhecimento do enfermeiro nefrologista para atuar com o paciente em terapia renal substitutiva: hemodiálise
Authors: Tavares Pereira Kleberson , Dos Santos Vieira Dayane , Souza Melo de Andrade Ana Fátima , Silveira Passos Taciana
Published: February 2022

A hemodiálise é o método mais utilizado atualmente pelos portadores da doença renal crônica. As medidas tomadas para o tratamento são sempre rigorosas e com graus de assimilação e adesão ao tratamento diversificado. Desta forma, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o nível de conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem em relação a pacientes submetidos ao tratamento da hemodialise. Estudo descritivo, quantitativo, realizado por meio de um questionário estruturado aplicado aos profissionais de enfermagem do serviço de nefrologia do Hospital do Rim no município de Aracaju, em Sergipe. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e o teste de Pearson para análise dos dados. 96,15% da equipe de enfermagem conhece os tipos de tratamentos oferecidos ao paciente com IRC. 50% relataram não conhecer a portaria 389 de 2014, destes 57,69% não sabem informar quais são os parâmetros utilizados para diagnosticar um paciente com insuficiência renal crônica. Entretanto 76,92% informaram ser necessário ter competência para atuar na nefrologia. Os que apresentaram maior conhecimento referente as competências para atuação na nefrologia foram os que participaram de capacitações (26,03%) e os que conheciam a portaria 389 (23,1%). Evidencia-se que há uma fragilidade no conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem e que se faz necessário a busca por novas capacitações na área, para a oferta de uma assistência qualificada e livre de eventos adversos.
Efeitos da facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva sobre variáveis cardiorrespiratórias: revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Da Silva Gustavo Silveira , Freiberger Natanyelle Steffen , Teodoro Nathália Cristina Oliveira , Machado Fernanda , Isoppo Karoliny Dos Santos
Published: February 2022

A Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva consiste em um conceito de tratamento com quatro mecanismos teóricos, referidos como inibição autogênica, inibição recíproca, relaxamento do estresse e a teoria do controle do portão, que aumentam a amplitude de movimento e a ativação muscular. Há muitos anos esta técnica é utilizada na fisioterapia, principalmente na área de fisioterapia respiratória. Contudo, não há na literatura uma revisão bibliográfica de sua aplicação nesta área da fisioterapia. Este artigo de revisão da literatura tem por objetivo trazer os efeitos obtidos da utilização desta técnica sobre as várias analisadas correspondentes ao sistema respiratório das amostras dos estudos. Esta revisão, através dos resultados obtidos, apoia o uso desta técnica na prática clínica cardiorrespiratória por demonstrar efeitos positivos sobre os sintomas respiratórios dos pacientes avaliados.
Efeitos fisiológicos do ortostatismo passivo em unidade de terapia intensiva: revisão sistemática
Authors: Ferreira Lucas Lima , Do Valle Paulo Heraldo Costa
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Pacientes críticos internados em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), sob ventilação mecânica (VM) invasiva, são expostos a síndrome do imobilismo. O ortostatismo passivo, assistido ou ativo foi um dos recursos utilizados para o tratamento dos pacientes internados em UTI. Objetivo: Analisar e sistematizar as respostas hemodinâmicas agudas de pacientes críticos submetidos ao ortostatismo passivo em prancha ortostática em unidade de terapia intensiva adulta. Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática de literatura com pesquisas nas bases de dados Cochrane, SciELO, PEDro e PubMed, no período de 2011 a 2020, por meio das palavras-chave: posição ortostática “standing position”, teste da mesa inclinada “tilt-table test”, unidade de terapia intensiva “intensive care unit”, fisioterapia “physical therapy”, mobilização precoce “early mobilization” e dos termos: prancha ortostática “orthostatic board” e ortostatismo passivo “passive orthostatism”. Resultados: Foram identificados quatro artigos que incluíram 107 pacientes internados em UTI, predomínio do sexo feminino e de utilização da VM em vias aéreas artificiais. Os protocolos de ortostatismo passivo foram heterogêneos entre os estudos no que se referem a tempo de permanência, graus de inclinação e número de sessões. Conclusão: A análise dos estudos identificados demonstrou que o ortostatismo passivo provocou melhora do nível de consciência, alterações hemodinâmicas como hipotensão ortostática, hipoxemia, taquicardia e hipertensão arterial, transitórias e alterações respiratórias caracterizadas por aumento da força muscular inspiratória, capacidade vital e volume corrente.
Fatores de risco e cuidados à mulher com baby blues
Authors: Albuquerque Roberto Nascimento de , Rollemberg Daiana Valéria Da Silva
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O baby blues é um transtorno mental vivenciado aproximadamente entre 50 e 80% das mulheres no período pós-parto, com início dos sintomas no primeiro dia do puerpério e regride de forma espontânea após 10 dias. Essa situação é importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da depressão pós-parto. Objetivo: Verificar os fatores de risco envolvidos no desenvolvimento do baby blues e seus principais cuidados. Material e Métodos: Revisão integrativa de literatura realizada entre os meses de dezembro de 2020 e fevereiro de 2021, nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos, em português, espanhol ou inglês, de acesso gratuito, disponíveis em sua íntegra e que contemplassem o tema proposto para esta pesquisa. Excluíram-se os artigos que não contemplaram os critérios de inclusão, além de artigos de revisão, teses ou dissertações. Resultados: Foram encontrados 80 artigos nas bases de dados selecionadas. Destes, 48 foram descartados pelo título e por não contemplarem os critérios de inclusão da pesquisa. Após análise criteriosa dos demais artigo, 11 foram selecionados para a discussão do presente artigo. Para uma melhor apreciação dos artigos, a discussão foi dividida em duas partes: O baby blues, seus sinais e sintomas e seus fatores de risco e; cuidados à mulher com baby blues. Conclusões: Este estudo evidenciou diferentes fatores de risco biopsicossociais e demostrou a importância da atuação da Enfermagem para promoção da saúde mental e prevenção do baby blues.
Role of homocysteine metabolism in the development of endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Davydkin I. L. , Mordvinova E. V. , Kuzmina T. P. , Naumova K. V. , Fatenkova E. S.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the modern understanding of endothelial dysfunction development, the role of hyperhomocysteinemia, and, as a consequence, hypertension in patients with multiple myeloma receiving multiagent chemotherapy. Considering that the potential of a standard examination does not allow identifying subclinical endothelial dysfunction, using specific techniques is necessary, in particular, to determine the homocysteine level to monitor the endothelial function.

The aim of this review was to summarize the current understanding of hypertension etiology and prospects for detecting early, subclinical endothelial changes, including in patients with multiple myeloma.

Assessment of endothelial dysfunction can be useful for detecting precisely the subclinical cardiovascular disease in order to stratify the risk of developing cardiovascular events in patients receiving multiagent chemotherapy.
Clinical, laboratory and psychological aspects of moderate COVID-19 in cardiovascular patients one month after discharge from the hospital
Authors: Tyapaeva A. R. , Semenova O. N. , Tashkenbaeva E. N. , Nasyrova Z. A. , Naumova E. A.
Published: February 2022

Aim. To study clinical, laboratory and psychological aspects of moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in cardiovascular patients one month after discharge from the hospital.

Material and methods. The study included 88 patients with cardiovascular diseases hospitalized for COVID-19. After 1 month, 72 respondents continued the participation in the study. Medical history collection, physical examination, and diagnostic investigations were performed. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) by Zigmond A. S., Snaith R. P., Beck Anxiety Inventory scale, Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scale for assessing mental status.

Results. One month after discharge, there was a decrease in the number of patients with signs of impaired respiratory system, such as cough, shortness of breath, chest congestion, while a decrease in exercise tolerance persists was revealed in 80,5% (out of 95,5% during hospiatalization), generalized weakness and increased sweating — in 69,5%. In addition, 38,9% of patients noted a noticeable, newly reported, hair loss. Attention is drawn to the high prevalence of neurological symptoms during hospiatalization, including dizziness, severe headaches not relieved by analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, lethargy, disorientation of place and time, and in some cases even hallucinations. Some of the symptoms persist after 1 month: 55,5% note a decrease in memory, 36% — feelings of fear and anxiety, 63,9% — sleep disorders in the form of frequent nocturnal awakenings (19,4%), insomnia (16,6%), long falling asleep (11,1%). Some of the respondents revealed unfavorable events over the past month as follows: blood pressure (BP) destabilization in the form of episodes of BP increase and decrease during the day — 36,0%, hypertensive crisis — 14,0%. There was an increase in the number of patients with subclinical and clinical depression (p<0,05). There was also an increase in the number of patients with hypercholesterolemia compared with inhospital data by 15,5%.

Conclusion. One month after discharge, the respiratory symptoms naturally decrease, but new symptoms appear, such as shortness of breath during exercise, fatigue, unsteady gait, hair loss, and increased sweating. There was an increase in the number of patients with subclinical and clinical depression on the HADS scale. Among laboratory parameters, an increase in the number of patients with increased level of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins was revealed.
Approaches to the therapy of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Resolution of an online meeting of the Volga Federal District experts
Authors: Galyavich A. S. , Fomin I. V. , Gaisin I. R. , Valeeva F. V. , Vinogradova N. G. , Salasyuk A. S. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Khasanov N. R. , Shutov A. M. , Volodina E. N. , Grekhova L. V. , Guseva P. S. , Duplyakov D. V. , Zanozina O. V. , Zolotova Yu. V. , Kanysheva S. V. , Kim Z. F. , Kononov S. K. , Kuzmin V. P. , Markiyanova S. S. , Menzorov M. V. , Pomosov S. A. , Rebrov A. P. , Tolstov S. N.
Published: February 2022

At an online meeting of experts held on May 14, 2021 additional research results on a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were considered. According to the data from the EMPEROR-Reduced international study, cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin therapy in patients with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) were analyzed. A number of proposals and recommendations was accepted regarding the further study of cardiovascular and renal effects of empagliflozin and its use in clinical practice in patients with heart failure, regardless of the T2D presence.
Empagliflozin: a path from glycemic control to reduced cardiovascular mortality and heart failure-related hospitalizations
Authors: Khasanov N. R.
Published: February 2022

In the EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS and DECLARE-TIMI 58 studies, in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular diseases or risk factors, a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular events and development or worsening of heart failure course without an increase in hypoglycemia incidence was revealed in those receiving sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors compared with placebo. To date, various mechanisms of action of SGLT2 inhibitors have been described, which are considered from the standpoint of their influence on the course and prognosis of heart failure. In the EMPEROR-Reduced study in the group of patients receiving empagliflozin, a significant reduction in the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalizations for heart failure, regardless of the type 2 diabetes presence, was revealed.
Multi-Objective Model to Improve Network Reliability Level under Limited Budget by Considering Selection of Facilities and Total Service Distance in Rescue Operations
Authors: Wang Yiying , Xu Zeshui , Filip Florin Gheorghe
Published: February 2022

Sudden disasters may damage facilities, transportation networks and other critical infrastructures, delay rescue and bring huge losses. Facility selection and reliable transportation network play an important role in emergency rescue. In this paper, the reliability level between two points in a network is defined from the point of view of minimal edge cut and path, respectively, and the equivalence of these two definitions is proven. Based on this, a multi-objective optimization model is proposed. The first goal of the model is to minimize the total service distance, and the second goal is to maximize the network reliability level. The original model is transformed into a model with three objectives, and the three objectives are combined into one objective by the method of weighting. The model is applied to a case, and the results are analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the model.
Performance Improvement of Low-Cost Iterative Learning-Based Fuzzy Control Systems for Tower Crane Systems
Authors: Precup Radu-Emil , Roman Raul-Cristian , Hedrea Elena-Lorena , Bojan-Dragos Claudia-Adina , Damian Miruna-Maria , Nedelcea Monica-Lavinia
Published: February 2022

This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Ioan Dzitac, one of the fathers of this journal and its founding Editor-in-Chief till 2021. The paper addresses the performance improvement of three Single Input-Single Output (SISO) fuzzy control systems that control separately the positions of interest of tower crane systems, namely the cart position, the arm angular position and the payload position. Three separate low-cost SISO fuzzy controllers are employed in terms of first order discrete-time intelligent Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers with Takagi-Sugeno-Kang Proportional-Derivative (PD) fuzzy terms. Iterative Learning Control (ILC) system structures with PD learning functions are involved in the current iteration SISO ILC structures. Optimization problems are defined in order to tune the parameters of the learning functions. The objective functions are defined as the sums of squared control errors, and they are solved in the iteration domain using the recent metaheuristic Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA). The experimental results prove the performance improvement of the SISO control systems after ten iterations of SMA.
Broadcast Guidance of Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Segall Ilana , Bruckstein Alfred M.
Published: February 2022

We consider the emergent behavior of a group of mobile agents guided by an exogenous broadcast signal. The agents’ dynamics is modelled by single integrators and they are assumed oblivious to their own position, however they share a common orientation (i.e. they have compasses). The broadcast control, a desired velocity vector, is detected by arbitrary subgroups of agents,that upon receipt of the guidance signal become "ad-hoc" leaders. The control signal and the set of leaders are assumed to be constant over some considerable intervals in time. A system without "ad-hoc" leaders is referred to as autonomous. The autonomous rule of motion is identical for all agents and is a gathering process ensuring a cohesive group. The agents that become leaders upon receipt of the exogenous control add the detected broadcast velocity to the velocity vector dictated by the autonomous rule of motion. This paradigm was considered in conjunction with several models of cohesive dynamics, linear and non-linear, with fixed inter-agent interaction topology, as well as systems with neighborhood based topology determined by the inter-agent distances. The autonomous dynamics of the models considered provides cohesion to the swarm, while, upon detection of a broadcast velocity vector, the leaders guide the group of agents in the direction of the control. For each local cohesion interaction model we analyse the effect of the broadcast velocity and of the set of leaders on the emergent behavior of the system. We show that in all cases considered the swarm moves in the direction of the broadcast velocity signal with speed set by the number of agents receiving the control and in a constellation determined by the model and the subset of "ad-hoc" leaders. All results are illustrated by simulations.
Fault Detection in Nuclear Power Plants using Deep Leaning based Image Classification with Imaged Time-series Data
Authors: Shi Yong , Xue Xiaodong , Xue Jiayu , Qu Yi
Published: February 2022

Fault detection is critical to ensure the safely routine operations in nuclear power plants (NPPs), requiring very high accuracy and efficiency. Meanwhile, the rapid development of modern information technologies have profoundly changed and promoted various sectors including nuclear industry. Inspired by the great progress and promising performance of deep learning based image classification recent years, a two-stage fault detection methodology in NPPs has been proposed in this paper. First the time-series data describing the operating status of NPPs have been transformed into two-dimensional images by four methods, preserving the time-series information in images and converting the fault detection problem into a supervised image classification task. Then four specific image classifying models based on three primary deep learning architectures have been separately experimented on the imaged time-series data, achieving excellent accuracies. Further the performances of different combinations of transforming means and classifying models have been compared and discussed with extensive experiments and detailed analysis of throughput for four transforming methods. This methodology proposed has obtained remarkable results by reshaping data format and structure, making image classifying models applicable, which not only efficiently detect and warn possible faults in NPPs but also enhances the capability for safety management in nuclear power systems.
Protection of nontarget structures in prostatic artery embolization
Authors: Pilan Bruna Ferreira , Assis André Moreira de , Moreira Airton Mota , Rodrigues Vanessa Cristina de Paula , Carnevale Francisco Cesar
Published: February 2022

Abstract Objective: To describe the efficacy and safety of protective embolization during prostatic artery embolization, as well as to discuss its clinical relevance. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, single-center study including 39 patients who underwent prostatic artery embolization to treat lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia between June 2008 and March 2018. Follow-up evaluations, performed at 3 and 12 months after the procedure, included determination of the International Prostate Symptom Score, a quality of life score, and prostate-specific antigen levels, as well as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and uroflowmetry. Results: Protective embolization was performed in 45 arteries: in the middle rectal artery in 19 (42.2%); in the accessory internal pudendal artery in 11 (24.4%); in an internal pudendal artery anastomosis in 10 (22.2%); in the superior vesical artery in four (8.9%); and in the obturator artery in one (2.2%). There was one case of nontarget embolization leading to a penile ulcer, which was attributed to reflux of microspheres to an unprotected artery. There were no complications related to the protected branches. All of the patients showed significant improvement in all of the outcomes studied (p < 0.05), and none reported worsening of sexual function during follow-up. Conclusion: Protective embolization can reduce nontarget embolization during prostatic artery embolization without affecting the results of the procedure. In addition, no adverse events other than those expected or previously reported were observed. Therefore, protective embolization of pudendal region is safe.
INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION BETWEEN QUILOMBOLA MOTHERS AND DAUGHTERS: REPRODUCTIVE AUTONOMY AND INTERVENING FACTORS
Authors: Marques Gabriela Cardoso Moreira , Ferreira Silvia Lúcia , Dias Ana Cleide da Silva , Pereira Chirlene Oliveira de Jesus , Fernandes Elionara Teixeira Boa Sorte , Lacerda Flávia Karine Leal
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze reproductive autonomy in quilombola women and the intervening factors of intergenerational transmission between mothers and daughters. Method: a cross-sectional and analytical study developed with 160 women, mothers and daughters from quilombola communities in the municipality of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. The National Health Survey questionnaire was used to verify sociodemographic characteristics and intervening factors; and the Reproductive Autonomy Scale was also employed. The Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were applied. The data were analyzed by means of simple and multiple linear regression. Results: the group of mothers presented higher frequency of women that are married or live with a partner (66.2%), who worked (51.2%) and who had higher incomes (358.00 ± 663.00). The daughters presented more years of study (10.50 ± 5.00). Reproductive autonomy and intergenerational transmission between mothers and daughters mainly occur in the Absence of coercion (ICC=0.70; p=0368) and Communication (ICC=0.69; p=0694) domains. The mother's age (β-adjusted=-0.027; p=0.039) and the daughter's skin color/race (β-adjusted=0.423; p=0.049) were intervening factors in intergenerational transmission related to Decision-making, associated with the mother's age and with the daughter's self-recognition as black-skinned. Conclusion: the daughters do not follow the same choice as their mothers, which can be understood due to greater accessibility to reproductive planning services and increased schooling levels. Intergenerational transmission among quilombolas presents important specificities for reproductive decisions and enables a better understanding of the information and qualification of the health professionals' assistance in the care provided to these women.
University student organizations in Ukraine: on-campus youth policy and social participation
Authors: Kamionka Mateusz
Published: February 2022

Abstract There is a widespread view that youth (students) are deeply involved into various social activities during their studies. However, are the majority of university students’ real participants and consumers of the local social agenda? The present paper critically examines the social activity of students in Ukraine. It focuses on several inter-related issues, namely how often students are socially active, how they feelabout their immediate surrounding, and its influence. The author also researches the attitudes of university youth towards student organizations and activities they provide, paying special attention to analysis of universities’ internal youth policy. The paper also seeks to diagnose, describe and explain the behavioural patterns of social activity dominating the social consciousness of students in their local environment. Overall, the results of the study are not very optimistic. They clearly indicate that students experience tangible engagement and interaction problems inside the academic and social environment at their universities.
Principal component analysis applied to the statistical control of multivariate processes
Authors: Herrera Vega Juan carlos , De Jesús Rahmer Bruno , Herrera Vidal German
Published: February 2022

Objective: Propose the analysis and monitoring of a chemical process sustained in the theoretical principles of a factorial method cataloged as principal component analysis (PCA), whose ultimate objective is to represent the original variables of the system. Methodology: Methodologically the data was analyzed in a more compact dimensional space, under the hypothesis of multivariate normality. A control chart based on the error prediction squares is constructed in the later phase to monitor the behavior of the successor variables once the ACP has been applied. Results: The results of the univariate control charts constructed from the t-scores of the individual components, in which the behavior of the variables contributing to the generation of alarm signals is exhibited, can be used as the basis for an auxiliary analysis based on the results provided by the univariate control charts. Conclusion: The results obtained corroborate that the three retained components explain a majority fraction of the original variability of the data cloud and that the control chart constructed from the sub-dimensions registers the existence of outliers or extreme values.
Espectroscopía de impedancia electroquímica, herramienta para la determinación de fallas e imperfecciones en recubrimientos internos de tuberías
Authors: Humberto Castiblanco Gabriel , Aperador Chaparro Willian
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Mostrar los resultados obtenidos de las pruebas de espectroscopia de impedancias realizadas a recubrimientos FBE[1] y líquidos utilizados en tuberías recubiertas internamente que transportan fluidos altamente corrosivos del sector petrolero. Metodología: El estudio fue realizado mediante pruebas de laboratorio con el equipo Gamry 3000 y equipo prototipo, efectuando la medición a probetas recubiertas con resina epóxica en polvo Resicoat HMH09QF y recubrimiento líquido SigmaShield 1200, que fueron sometidas a procesos de soldadura que generaron diferentes fallas como los son ampollas, grietas, fisuras y quemaduras que son el objeto de análisis y medición de impedancias para lograr una caracterización y determinación de valores que permitan clasificar estos problemas con el fin de minimizarlos y  corregirlos para evitar accidentes por fugas debido a fallas por procesos de alta corrosión en tuberías, mitigando el impacto ambiental. Resultados: Con los ensayos realizados a las probetas recubiertas se evidencio que las fallas en donde el recubrimiento se quema o se desprende de la tubería se presentan impedancias del orden de x104 y x105, para los casos de recubrimiento sin fallas las impedancias están en el orden de x109 y superiores, dejando las fallas intermedias como fisuras y ampollas en valores intermedios del orden de x108. Conclusión: El estudio permitió la caracterización de las diferentes fallas en los recubrimientos internos de tuberías que ocurren en los procesos de soldadura de las juntas, obteniendo valores de impedancia para cada una de las fallas que se pueden presentar y finalmente asociando unos rangos entre los que se caracterizan los diferentes problemas y fallas de los recubrimientos.
Egy világhírű magyar fiziológus különös pályája Verzár Frigyes egyetemi tanár életrajzi adattára és életútleírása
Authors: Kovács I. Gábor
Published: February 2022

We started investigating the life course of the world-famous Hungarian physiologist, Frigyes Verzár as a part of our research on the Hungarian elite of knowledge. Verzár was one of the university professors of Jewish origin whose family assimilated to the Hungarian society over and above acculturation. His life-course reveals all phases of a university professor’s career - from apprenticeship and study tours abroad to the habilitation procedure and the various ways of assignment for university professorship (competition vs invitation) as well as the rivalry of professors’ cliques. We gained inside information of arranging the Hungarian science management between the two World Wars. We learned hindering by Jewish family background as well as the force of talent, diligence, work efficiency and strict moral values.
Socioeconomic position and consumption of sugary drinks, sugar-sweetened beverages and 100% juice among Canadians: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey–Nutrition
Authors: Warren Christine , Hobin Erin , Manuel Douglas G. , Anderson Laura N. , Hammond David , Jessri Mahsa , Arcand JoAnne , L’Abbé Mary , Li Ye , Rosella Laura C. , Manson Heather , Smith Brendan T.
Published: February 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to describe sugary drink (beverages with free sugars), sugar-sweetened beverage (beverages with added sugars, SSB) and 100% juice (beverages with natural sugars) consumption across socioeconomic position (SEP) among Canadians.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 19,742 respondents of single-day 24-h dietary recalls in the nationally representative 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey–Nutrition. Poisson regressions were used to estimate the prevalence of consuming each beverage type on a given day. Among consumers on a given day, linear regressions were used to estimate mean energy intake. Models included household education, food security and income quintiles as separate unadjusted exposures. Sex-specific models were estimated separately for children/adolescents (2–18 years) and adults (19 +).

Results

Among female children/adolescents, the prevalence of consuming sugary drinks and, separately, SSB ranged from 11 to 21 and 8 to 27 percentage-points higher among lower education compared to ‘Bachelor degree or above’ households. In female adults, the prevalence of consuming sugary drinks and, separately, SSB was 10 (95% CI: 1, 19) and 14 (95% CI: 2, 27) percentage-points higher in food insecure compared to secure households. In males, the prevalence of consuming 100% juice was 9 (95% CI: − 18, 0) percentage-points lower among food insecure compared to secure households. Social inequities in energy intake were observed in female adult consumers, among whom mean energy from sugary drinks was 27 kcal (95% CI: 3, 51) higher among food insecure compared to secure and 35 kcal (95% CI: 2, 67) higher from 100% juice among ‘less than high school’ education compared to ‘Bachelor degree or above’ households.

Conclusion

Social inequities in sugary drink consumption exist in Canada. The associations differed by SEP indicator. Equitable interventions to reduce consumption are warranted.
Short Play Approach for Analytical Chemistry Class
Authors: Wirzal Mohd Dzul Hakim , Halim Nur Syakinah Abd
Published: February 2022

In this era, cooperative learning strategies have been practiced extensively as an alternative to conventional teaching methods. This is because some of the conventional methods are no longer suitable to be applied to the younger generation.  Cooperative learning strategies such as role-play for instance are recommended in nurturing the exciting vibe of learning in class while at the same time boosting the students’ confidence level. In this case study, a total of 106 students in the 3rd Year in the 2nd Semester under the Chemical Engineering Department of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS were involved in a short-play approach for the subject of Analytical Chemistry. It is found that the short-play approach effectively improved the basic understanding of students towards the Analytical Chemistry subject. Furthermore, the majority of the students also scores better in the final exam as compared during the test.
Depth Map Reconstruction Method in Control Problems for Robots and Mechatronic Systems
Authors: Zelensky A. A. , Gapon N. V. , Zhdanova M. M. , Voronin V. V. , Ilyukhin Y. V.
Published: February 2022

In modern robotic and mechatronic systems, technologies are in demand that makes it possible to build an optimaltrajectory of movement of their actuators. Such technologies are formed by combining navigation methods and building a3-D map of the surrounding space based on vision systems and are successfully used in robotics and mechatronics. Butthere is a problem, consisting of a decrease in the accuracy of planning the trajectory of movement, caused by incorrectsections on the map (depth map) due to incorrect determination of the distance to objects. Such defects appear as a resultof poor lighting, specular or fine-grained surfaces of objects. This leads to the impossibility of obtaining reliable informationabout the depth. As a result, the effect of increasing the boundaries of objects (obstacles) appears, and the overlapping ofobjects makes it impossible to distinguish one object from another. This problem can be solved using image reconstructionmethods. The article presents an approach based on a modified algorithm for searching for similar blocks using the conceptof quaternions and anisotropic gradient. The analysis of the research results shows that the proposed method allows you tocorrectly restore the boundaries of objects on the depth map image when reconstructing 3-D scenes, which contributes to anincrease in the accuracy of planning the trajectory of motion of the actuators robotic and mechatronic systems.
Design of Heterogeneous Cyber-Physical Systems Employing Category Theory
Authors: Kovalyov S. P.
Published: February 2022

Heterogeneous cyber-physical control systems based on digital twins are in demand by Industry 4.0. In accordance with the contemporary systems engineering methodology, such systems are designed at the level of digital models. The paper proposes approaches to formalization and subsequent automation of solving direct and inverse problems of their design. To unify descriptions of heterogeneous components, we follow a viewpoint-based approach to architecture design recommended by the international standard ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010. Following recent trends, we employ category theory as a mathematical framework for the formal description and solution of design problems. Indeed, category theory is a branch of higher algebra specifically aimed at a unified representation of objects of different nature and relationships between them. The design space of a heterogeneous cyber-physical system is constructed as a subcategory of the multicomma category, the objects of which describe possible system architectures with a fixed structural hierarchy represented from a certain viewpoint as diagrams, and morphisms denote actions associated with the parts selection and replacement during the system design. Direct design problems consist in evaluating the properties of the system as a whole by its architecture and are solved using a universal category-theoretic construction of the colimit of the diagram. The solution of inverse problems that require finding variants of the system architecture, which are (sub-, Pareto-) optimal according to the consumer quality criteria, consists in reconstructing diagrams by their colimit edges. For such reconstruction, optimization algorithms of gradient descent type are reasonable to employ, which navigate along the system design space morphisms calculating the path by means of computer algebra. Typical techniques of assembling cyber-physical systems, such as modular composition and aspect weaving, are described in the language of category theory and illustrated. As an example, we outline the design of energy-efficient robotic production lines represented from the behavior viewpoint as discrete-event simulation models.
Optimization of Surround-View System Projection Parameters using Fiducial Markers
Authors: Varlashin V. V. , Lopota A. V.
Published: February 2022

The paper is devoted to the problem of increasing quality of reproduction of the environment by mobile robot’s surround-view system, operating in the augmented reality mode. A variant of a surround-view system based on the cameraswith over-lapping fields of view is being considered. A virtual model has been developed, it includes 3D-CAD models ofa mobile robot and surrounding objects, as well as virtual models of cameras. The cross-platform integrated developmentenvironment "Unity" was chosen to implement the model. Methods for solving the problem of displaying the surroundingmobile robot space in the "third-person view" mode are determined. A mathematical criterion for assessing the quality ofreproduction of the surrounding space is proposed. It is based on the comparison of points obtained from a virtual modelwith points obtained as a result of projection of images from virtual cameras. To obtain points, ArUco fiducial markerswere used, providing an unambiguous comparison of points on the original and synthesized images. The dependence of thevalue of the objective function of the optimization problem on the projection parameters by the uniform search method areinvestigated. A method for automatic adaptation of projection parameters using fisheye lenses and stereo vision methods isproposed. Directions for further research are identified.