bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bottom-Up Strategies for Shared Mobility and Practices in Urban Housing to Improve Sustainable Planning
Authors: Deffner Jutta , Joost Jan-Marc , Weber Manuela , Stiess Immanuel
Published: March 2021

Recent years have seen the development of numerous innovations in social, constructional, and transportation planning for different forms of communal housing. They illustrate how more sustainable practices in transport and land use can be achieved through the collective provision and use of space and mobility services. The question remains, however, of who needs to be involved in such bottom-up approaches and when in order to ensure their success. What changes are necessary to anchor these approaches in the wider context of urban and transport planning? This paper presents three examples of neighbourhood mobility concepts and the collaborative use of space and land. A research project accompanied the development of these concepts in a real-world laboratory design. The scientists used social-empirical methods and secondary analyses to evaluate social and ecological effects, economic viability and the process of joint development. The results show the high sustainability potential of such neighbourhood concepts: they enable residents to meet their mobility needs, while using fewer vehicles through shared use, reducing the number of journeys and changing their choice of transport. At the same time, promoting and developing community services has been shown to be inhibited by preconditions such as existing planning law. Opportunities and obstacles have been identified and translated into recommendations for action, focusing on municipal urban planning, transport planning, and the housing industry.
Toward a More Expansive Discourse in a Changing World: An Analysis of Political Leaders’ Speeches on Biodiversity
Authors: Lee Sang Hun , Kang Yi Hyun , Dai Rong
Published: March 2021

Speeches delivered in the Conference of the Parties (COPs) to the Convention on Biological Diversity represent leading discourses about biodiversity conservation. The discourse shared by high-level politicians is especially influential in the financing and decision-making process of global biodiversity governance. However, the speeches given in the COPs have not been the subject of systematic analyses until now. This study analyzes the host countries’ speeches given at the six most recent COPs and investigates which discourses have been expressed in the speeches. The regulatory discourse that views nature as a resource was found to be the dominant discourse, while other discourses that view nature as a scientific object or a spiritual entity were represented only marginally. As the need for a transformational policy for biodiversity conservation is growing amid a global pandemic, it is essential to deepen our understanding of the dynamics and complexity of nature and reflect it in the policy process. This study suggests that more balanced discourse on biodiversity may earn broader audiences’ consensus on biodiversity conservation.
Examining the Predictors of Resilience and Work Engagement during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ojo Adedapo Oluwaseyi , Fawehinmi Olawole , Yusliza Mohd Yusoff
Published: March 2021

Previous studies have acknowledged the importance of resilience in enabling individuals to cope and bounce back from crises and unexpected situations like the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study advances conservation of resources theory by investigating the job, social, and personal resources underlying employees’ resilience, and the impact of resilience in stimulating job engagement amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The model was tested using data collected from 259 employees in Malaysia. Results of path modeling analysis revealed significant impacts of self-efficacy, facilitating conditions, and family and friends’ support on employees’ resilience. Besides, resilience was significantly associated with job engagement. Our findings suggest that management concerns for employees may not enhance employees’ resilience amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, management could stimulate their employees’ resilience by providing them with the flexibility to spend quality time with their loved ones and adequate support for enabling working conditions.
A State-Dependent Approximation Method for Estimating Truck Queue Length at Marine Terminals
Authors: Qu Wenrui , Tao Tao , Xie Bo , Qi Yi
Published: March 2021

As international trade and freight volumes increase, there is a growing port congestion problem, leading to the long truck queues at US marine terminal gates. To address this problem, some countermeasures have been proposed and implemented for reducing truck queue length at marine terminals. To assess the effectiveness of these countermeasures, a method for accurately estimating terminal gate truck queue length is needed. This study developed a new method, named the state-dependent approximation method, for estimating the truck queue length at marine terminals. Based on the simulation of the truck queuing system, it was found that it takes several hours for the truck queue length to reach its steady state, and neglecting the queue formation (queue dispersion) processes will cause overestimation (underestimation) of truck queue length. The developed model can take into account the queue formation and dispersion processes, and it can be used to estimate the truck queue length caused by short-term oversaturation at marine terminals. For model evaluation, a simulation-based case study was conducted to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the developed model by comparing its results with the simulated queue lengths and the results of other four existing methods, including the fluid flow model, the M/M/S queuing model, and a simulation-based regression model developed a previous study. The evaluation results indicate that the developed model outperformed the other four modeling methods for different states of queue formation and dispersion processes. In addition, this new method can accurately estimate the truck queue length caused by the short-term system oversaturation during peak hours. Therefore, it will be useful for assessing the effectiveness of the countermeasures that are targeted at reducing the peak-hour congestion at marine terminals.
Production Contracts and Food Quality: A Transaction Cost Analysis for the Italian Durum Wheat Sector
Authors: Frascarelli Angelo , Ciliberti Stefano , Magalhães de Oliveira Gustavo , Chiodini Gabriele , Martino Gaetano
Published: March 2021

Agribusiness firms requiring a consistent supply of high quality agricultural raw materials have increasingly adopted production contracts to coordinate their supply chains. The present work is aimed to shed light on the role played by sources of asset specificity and uncertainty related to quality strategies in the diffusion of contractual arrangements within the Italian durum wheat sector. To this purpose, factor analyses and probit regressions are estimated in data collected among durum wheat producers. The findings confirm that the role of asset specificity is negligible in presence of staple crops. Moreover, they reveal that experience, transparency and technological stability are all relevant aspects that reduce uncertainty and, in turn, trigger the adoption of production contracts as a governance solution for durum wheat.
Antimicrobial Resistance in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Armenia: 2016–2019
Authors: Davtyan Hayk , Grigoryan Ruzanna , Niazyan Lyudmila , Davidyants Mher , Ghalechyan Tehmine , Davtyan Karapet
Published: March 2021

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the acquired ability of pathogens to withstand antimicrobial treatment. To bridge the gap in knowledge for implementing effective and targeted interventions in relation to the AMR in Armenia, we designed this study to explore the performance of AMR diagnostics and the profile of AMR in the Nork Infection Clinical Hospital (NICH) for the period of 2016–2019, particularly to (i) determine the proportions of antimicrobial resistance among all samples tested at the hospital laboratory, (ii) determine the proportion of resistance against specific antimicrobials, and (iii) identify factors associated with AMR. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a secondary data analysis that included all the patients tested for AMR in the laboratory of the NICH for the period of 2016–2019. For this period, only 107 (0.3%) patients out of 36,528 had their AMR test results available and of them, 87 (81%) had resistance at least to one tested antimicrobial. This study has provided some valuable information on the AMR situation in Armenia. The results call for immediate actions to control the access to and the use of antimicrobials, strengthen AMR surveillance, and improve laboratory capacity for the proper and fast identification of drug resistance through a comprehensive system.
Nef Obtained from Individuals with HIV-1 Vary in Their Ability to Antagonize SERINC3- and SERINC5-Mediated HIV-1 Restriction
Authors: Kruize Zita , van Nuenen Ad C. , van Wijk Stan W. , Girigorie Arginell F. , van Dort Karel A. , Booiman Thijs , Kootstra Neeltje A.
Published: March 2021

Nef is a multifunctional viral protein that has the ability to downregulate cell surface molecules, including CD4 and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and, as recently shown, also members of the serine incorporator family (SERINC). Here, we analyzed the impact of naturally occurring mutations in HIV-1 Nef on its ability to counteract SERINC restriction and the clinical course of infection. HIV-1 Nef sequences were obtained from 123 participants of the Amsterdam Cohort Studies and showed multiple amino acid variations and mutations. Most of the primary Nef proteins showed increased activity to counteract SERINC3 and SERINC5 as compared to NL4-3 Nef. Several mutations in Nef were associated with either an increased or decreased infectivity of Bal26-pseudotyped HIV-1 produced in the presence of SERINC3 or SERINC5. The 8R, 157N and R178G Nef mutations were shown to have an effect on disease progression. Survival analysis showed an accelerated disease progression of individuals infected with HIV-1 carrying arginine or asparagine at position 8 or 157 in Nef, respectively, or the R178G Nef mutation. Here, we observed that naturally occurring mutations in Nef affect the ability of Nef to counteract SERINC3- and SERINC5-mediated inhibition of viral infectivity. The majority of these Nef mutations had no significant effect on HIV-1 pathogenesis and only the 8R, 157N and R178G mutations were associated with disease course.
NbTMP14 Is Involved in Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Infection and Symptom Development by Interaction with the Viral NSm Protein
Authors: Zhan Jin , Shi Huiping , Li Weimin , Zhang Chao , Zhang Yongqiang
Published: March 2021

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most destructive plant viruses, causing severe losses in many important crops worldwide. The non-structural protein NSm of TSWV is a viral movement protein that induces viral symptoms. However, the molecular mechanisms by which NSm contributes to symptom development are unclear. Here, we present evidence that NSm directly interacts with Nicotiana benthamiana chloroplast thylakoid membrane protein TMP14 (NbTMP14) by yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. The interaction between NSm and NbTMP14 led to the translocation of the NbTMP14 protein from the chloroplast to the cytoplasm in TSWV-infected plants, and overexpressing NSm decreased NbTMP14 mRNA accumulation. In addition, abnormal chloroplasts and starch accumulation were observed in TSWV-infected plants. Silencing of NbTMP14 by TRV VIGS also showed similar results to those of TSWV-infected plants. Overexpressing NbTMP14 in transgenic N. benthamiana plants impeded TSWV infection, and silencing NbTMP14 in N. benthamiana plants increased disease symptom severity and virus accumulation. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that the plant chloroplast TMP14 protein is involved in viral infection. Knowledge of the interaction between NSm and NbTMP14 advances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TSWV symptom development and infection.
Safe Completion of Laparoscopic Anterior Resection in a Patient With a Solitary Pelvic Kidney: A Case Report
Authors: Park Byung Kwan , Park Yong Gum , Kim Beom Gyu
Published: March 2021

Pelvic kidney, an ectopic renal mass caused by developmental failure, is a rare condition. Here, we report a case of laparoscopic anterior resection in a patient with a solitary pelvic kidney. A 76-year-old man was diagnosed as having rectosigmoid colon cancer. Preoperative computed tomography revealed a left ectopic kidney in his pelvis. Computed tomographic angiography and retrograde pyelography were performed preoperatively to identify the renal vessels and the ureter. To keep the surgical plane intact for complete mesocolic excision, a complete laparoscopic anterior resection was safely performed without open conversion, and there was no injury to the pelvic kidney. The patient was discharged on postoperative day eight without any complication. No deterioration of renal function was observed after surgery. This report describes a case of laparoscopic anterior resection that was safely performed without conversion to open surgery in a patient with a pelvic ectopic kidney.
Malignant Melanoma of Anorectum: Two Case Reports
Authors: Pham Binh Van , Kang Jae Hyun , Phan Huynh Huu , Cho Min Soo , Kim Nam Kyu
Published: March 2021

Malignant melanoma of the anorectum is a rare disorder. Patients often present with local symptoms similar to benign diseases. The prognosis is very poor, and almost all patients die because of metastases. We report 2 female patients with unremarkable histories. Both of them received previous operations before visiting our center after they were diagnosed with anorectal malignant melanoma. One case underwent abdominoperineal resection and postoperative chemotherapy. The other had been treated with ultralow anterior resection followed by immunotherapy.
Índices de vegetación y unidades de paisaje de la Reserva de Fauna Silvestre Ciénaga de La Palmita e Isla de Pájaros, estado Zulia, Venezuela
Authors: Vera Antonio , Morillo Gustavo , Pacheco Darisol
Published: March 2021

Se determinaron los índices de vegetación y las unidades de paisaje de la Reserva de Fauna Silvestre Ciénaga de La Palmita e Isla de Pájaros, empleando imágenes LANDSAT 8 (2013-2016) y el NDVI usando el programa ENVI. Se identificaron siete unidades de paisaje. El espejo de agua mostró un NDVI bajo (0,00-0,03), asociado al muy escaso vigor vegetal y el borde ciénaga-porción terrestre presentó 0,04-0,08 vinculado a los primeros indicios de productividad. Los suelos fangosos-desnudos revelaron 0,09-0,16 relacionado a escasas capas de fitoplancton. Las comunidades xerófilas intervenidas presentaron 0,17-0,24 contrastando con 0,25-0,28 de las formaciones xerófilas, espinosas y semideciduas bajas. Las comunidades de Avicennia germinans, Conocarpus erectus y Laguncularia racemosa mostraron 0,29-0,39 debido al bajo porte e individuos muertos; y Rhizophora mangle reveló 0,4-0,55, vinculado con la altura arborea, dosel semicerrado, pocos claros y verdor foliar intenso-brillante. Las unidades variaron desde comunidades xerófilas intervenidas hasta comunidades de R. mangle relativamente bien conservadas.
Theodor Adorno en tiempos de covid-19
Authors: Ybarnegaray Francisca
Published: March 2021

Gracias a la aparición de la covid-19 y la subsecuente cuarentena mundial existe el peligro de que la sociedad contemporánea recaiga en los fenómenos de violencia, autodestrucción y discriminación propios del siglo XX. El presente ensayo aborda tres ejemplos de discriminación ocasionados por la pandemia y los explica a partir las teorías críticas de Theodor Adorno y Max Horkheimer con respecto a la razón instrumental, ya que ambos aportes son muy útiles para identificar las causas de los conflictos relacionados con la exclusión social.
Brand Engagement in the Light of Post Content Type on the Facebook Platform in the Selected Industry
Authors: Nastišin Ing. Ľudovít , Fedorko Mgr. Richard , Bačík Radovan , Rigelský Mgr. Martin
Published: March 2021

Objective – The purpose of our research was to better understand the potential different types of content have with regard to selected engagement indicators in interactions between users and brands on Facebook. This aspect is very important for e-business and e-commerce. The aim of the paper was to analyze and identify the relationships between the selected engagement indicators and types of content being added.
Methodology/Technique – We examined a sample of 20 global airlines that have official accounts on this platform. The time horizon for data collection was twelve months of 2018. Therefore, we were able to work with data from 4,858 published posts. For each post, we identified the publication date, content type (photo / image, video, link, status), the number of engagement indicators (likes, comments, shares), and the recalculated engagement. The research made use of nonparametric statistics methods including the ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis H test of difference. The resulting specific differences were analyzed using the Dunn test.
Findings – Using the Kruskal-Wallis H and Dunn test methods we found that specific types of content dominate over the others. We found statistically significant differences in all comparisons of likes, shares, and comments. In all cases, these were in favor of video content type. The results point to several possibilities of future research in this field and specify possible theoretical and managerial implications.
Novelty – Social media hide immense potential for businesses - consumers use social media every day where they are exposed to the content shared by companies. However, social media also presents huge challenges for businesses - an ever-changing space that is extremely noisy and crowded. Our paper addresses this issue on an academic level. The pace of change is very fast, and the current state of empirical knowledge is insufficient. Our paper seeks to fill in the gaps in knowledge and examine the content management on the social network Facebook for business purposes in more depth.
Type of Paper: Empirical.
JEL Classification: M31, M37.
Keywords: Engagement; Content type; Facebook; Airlines; Analysis.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Nastišin, L; Fedorko, R; Bačík, R; Rigelský, M. (2021). Brand engagement in the light of post content type on the Facebook platform in the selected industry, Journal of Management and Marketing Review, 6(1) 36 – 43. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2021.6.1(4)
Developing Self-Regulating Actors in the Pre-Digital Organization
Authors: Saputra Nopriadi , Hindriari Reni
Published: March 2021

Objective - Developing self-regulated actors in digital transformation of pre-digital organization is a critical and strategic issue. This article aims to examine and explain the historical development of self-regulated actors from an organizational behaviour perspective. By testing the impact of digital skill individually, digital leadership as group factor, and digital culture and digital mindset as organizational factors on self-regulating actor development, this article will gain insightful understanding in leading digital transformation.
Methodology/Technique - This article is based on a cross-sectional study which involved 321 permanent staff or employees of the leading state-owned company in the Indonesian pharmaceutical industry. The collected data is structured and analysis with SmartPLS version 3. 0 as PLS-SEM application.
Findings - The analysis results explain that self-regulating actors are influenced by digital skills, digital leadership, and digital culture directly, but are influenced by digital mindset indirectly. Digital mindset of top management teams will impact on self-regulated actor development, if it is directed to strengthen digital culture, then digital culture will impact on digital skills.
Novelty - Digital culture impacts self-regulating actor development more directly than digital mind set of top management team in the pre-digital organization. By impacting digital culture, digital mindset of top management will impact self-regulating actor development.
Type of Paper: Empirical.
JEL Classification: L16, M14.

Keywords: Corporate Culture; Self-Regulated; Leadership; Digital Competence
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Saputra, N; Hindriari, R. (2021). Developing Self-Regulating Actors in the Pre-Digital Organization, Journal of Management and Marketing Review, 6(1) 44 – 55. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2021.6.1(5)
Assessing SME Perceptions of Using Green Social Media Marketing
Authors: Beck Shelley B , Deliwe Ayanda P , Smith Elroy E
Published: March 2021

Objective - SMEs often fail to market their business and their green marketing initiatives effectively. This paper assesses how the promotion of green social media marketing could provide a possible solution to SMEs failed marketing efforts within the metropoles of Nelson Mandela Bay and Buffalo City in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.
Methodology/Technique - An empirical study was conducted following a descriptive quantitative research approach in which 150 self-administered structured questionnaires were distributed to respondents.
Findings - It was found that most SMEs do not make use of green social media marketing but are aware of the benefits it could offer.
Novelty - The study provides guidelines to the owners of SMEs on how to successfully implement green social media marketing.
Type of Paper: Empirical.
JEL Classification: M31, M39.

Keywords: Green marketing; social media marketing; green initiatives; social media; SME’s
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Beck, S.B; Deliwe, A.P; Smith, E.E. (2021). Assessing SME Perceptions of Using Green Social Media Marketing, Journal of Management and Marketing Review, 6(1) 65 – 72. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2021.6.1(7)
Growth of phosphide-based type-II stacked quantum dots for III–V/Si photovoltaic applications
Authors: Piedra-Lorenzana José Alberto , Yamane Keisuke , Hori Akihito , Wakahara Akihiro
Published: March 2021

The necessity for improved renewable energy sources has increased in recent years, particularly solar cells have been continuously improving. This study proposes a type-II quantum dot (QD) structure using InP and GaP-based III–V–N alloys to enhance electron/hole spatial separation for photovoltaic applications. With appropriate size and thickness, InP QD/GaAsPN enables type-II band alignment. Additionally, it has a tunable bandgap of approximately 1.7 eV with strain compensation conditions on a Si substrate, which enables dislocation-free III–V/Si tandem cells. Self-assembled nanostructures of InP were fabricated on GaP, and two types of islands were observed. Growth parameters were investigated to ensure better control over the morphology of islands. Subsequently, the optimized parameters were employed for fabricating a 30-period good quality InP/GaP stacked QD structure without any strain compensation layers. These results may help in designing more efficient GaP-based III–V–N solar cells on Si substrates.
Public Transport Performance Based on the Potential Demand and Service Area (Case Study : Jakarta Public Transport)
Authors: Muttaqin Muchammad Zaenal , Herwangi Yori , Susetyo Cahyono , Sefrus Tri , Subair Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The effectiveness and efficiency of public transport should be a priority for transportation in developing cities. Despite the efforts from the government to improve public transportation, in Jakarta City, Indonesia, there is still 9.93% increase of private vehicles annually per year. In detail, contributor for increasing vehicles in Jakarta is motorcycles with an average annual increase of 10.54% every year, followed by an increase in the percentage of passenger cars by 8.75%. In contrast, the number of public transportation increased only by 1.74%. This research did the evaluation for public transport service in Jakarta by availability and accessibility for them. Neighborhood analysis and Proximity analysis used in this research. The results of the research showed that major problems in public transportations in Jakarta City are the coverage area of the service, route connectivity, and its accessibility for public facilities. There are only 7.78% for coverage area by flexible bus stop service with average walking distance by 300 m. Thus, there are some areas that are not passed by public transport routes, for about 18.5 million people live in blank spot area.
VFF in MMU: Determination for Velocity of Fluid Flow in Multiphase Measurement Unit - Comparative Analysis
Authors: Babikir Adam Edriss Eisa , Sathesh
Published: March 2021

The velocity measurement of liquid flow in a channel is a challenging task still. The chemical reaction and heat transfer condition are one of the internal elements of liquid for any process and production industries. Besides, the flow velocity is a significant factor to measure temperature in liquid flow. This research article reviews an overview of the velocity of fluid measurement techniques by advanced concepts in the multiphase measurement system. Based on luminescence properties, the velocity measurement is derived by large particle spectrum analysis due to laser excitation in the machine. This mathematical model analysis is used to measure the velocity of a fluid with the same particles of velocimetry. This development can be derived from the many changes of measurement factors in the heat transfer mechanism. The flowmeter design will be optimized with this mathematical proof for phosphor thermometry measurement technique. This research article contains phosphor thermometry for the measurement with implementing techniques and how this thermometry will be appropriated for temperature measurement in liquid flow. It gives the compare graphic representation for various work of temperature measurement in liquid flow of common aspects. The successful metric measurement can be ended by various intrinsic keys to the future development of the procedure. The velocity measurement performs by LDA and PIV methods. The advantages and limitations have been discussed for both the method at most recent.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Biaya Pelayanan Jasa Pernikahan Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat Pada KUA Kecamatan Cikampek Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Dedi Mulyadi
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kualitas pelayanan dan biaya pelayanan jasa terhadap kepuan masyarakat pada KUA Kecamatan Cikampek Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah  pengantin Kecamatan Cikampek yang menikah di luar kantor KUA dengan menggunakan pelayanan jasa pernikahan  langsung dari KUA Kecamatan Cikampek berjumlah 67 pasangan pengantin. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah probability sampling. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adanya hubungan asosiatif antara kualitas pelayanan dengan kepuasan masyarakat besarannya sebesar 0,313, adanya hubungan asosiatif antara biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan dengan kepuasan masyarakat besarannya sebesar 0,453. Adapun besaran pengaruh total dari variabel bebas : kualitas pelayanan (X1), biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan (X2) terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y) dinyatakan oleh besaran koefisien determinasi (RYX)2 sebesar 45,1% sedangkan pengaruh variabel lain di luar model adalah sebesar 54,9%. Untuk pengaruh parsial kualitas pelayanan (X1) terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y), nilai Sig. (0,005) < α (0,05) maka Ho ditolak. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat. Untuk pengaruh parsial biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan (X2) terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y), nilai Sig. (0,000) < α (0,05) maka Ho ditolak. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat. Nilai Sig. sebesar 0,000 yang lebih kecil dari α (0,05). Dengan demikian Ho ditolak sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan (X1) dan biaya pelayanan jasa pernikahan (X2) secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat (Y).

Kata Kunci : Kualitas Pelayanan, Biaya Pelayanan Jasa, Kepuasan Masyarakat
Actual Discharge on Venturimeter - A Literature
Authors: Amit Rakshit  , Sumana Ghosh
Published: March 2021

Venturi meter is a device which is used for measuring the rate of flow of fluid flowing through the pipes. The applications of these are found in various fields like Water House Department, Aviation, Automotive, Chemical, Petro-chemical industries, etc. In automotive industry venturimeter is used to measure the fuel and air distribution in carburetor. Similarly, in the water houses, venturimeter device is used to calculate the velocity of flow in the pipelines [1]. In this paper we have to discuss about the working principle and set up the study of experimental calculations on venturimeter. In the present paper, an attempt was made to study a computational device of a venturimeter, which can be used as an efficient and easy means for predicting the discharge coefficients for the flow lines.

Keywords: Venturi meter; Discharge; Heads; Co-efficient of Discharge
EXPÉRIENCE ET TOXICITÉ DANS LE JEU VIDÉO
Authors: ATTOUK ADAM , GARCIA-BARDIDIA RENAUD
Published: March 2021

Cet article a pour objectif d’obtenir une meilleure compréhension des comportements toxiques se produisant dans les jeux vidéo pour mieux déceler leur impact sur l’expérience des joueurs durant la partie. A partir d’entretiens et d’observations in-game sur League of Legends, les résultats révèlent une taxonomie enrichie des comportements toxiques. Par l’ambivalence des joueurs vis-à-vis de ces comportements, la toxicité peut détériorer mais aussi améliorer l’expérience de jeu des participants.
Misanthropic Attitude of George Orwell’s Animal Farm: from Revolution to Rehabilitation
Authors: Sami Ullah Khan  , Dr. Abdus Samad  , Amar Yasir
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to focus on finding and highlighting the misanthropic aspects and their effects on the characters in the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell. The misanthropic perspectives in the novel have been premeditated deeply. Misanthropy has been implemented on the characters. The characters like, Old Major, Napoleon, Squealer, and others have been studied to manifest the misanthropic attitudes in it. Old major is the father of misanthropy in the novel Animal Farm and gives the idea of rehabilitation in the animals' lives and Napoleon accomplishes it. The disgusting behavior of the animals leads to revolution. Misanthropy affects humans' lives and they become homeless. The findings of the paper are that the animals possess disgusting behavior against humans. The paper concludes that the whole novel is replete with misanthropy and it is the very aspect that has been probed by this article. Eventually, misanthropy proves to be a nightmarish dream for animals of the Animal Farm and a complete disillusionment they expect from the revolution.
The Role of Radio Clinic during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Swat
Authors: Sajjad Khan  , Dr. Ghulam Safdar  , Tufail Ahmad
Published: March 2021

The current research study aimed to explore the role of radio clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic in Swat. The study was a content analysis based and radio programs were examined that how radio programs are playing role in creating awareness among the public about the coronavirus and what sort of information is disseminating to educate the people to save themselves from this hazardous disease. Data of one month from April 1, 2020, to April 30, 2020, was collected about radio programs about the public health of Radio Pakistan Swat. Furthermore, researchers made codding sheet to categorize the data. The findings of the study showed that almost all the programs emphasized keeping social distance, regular hand washing, wearing face masks, and stay home to secure themselves from being infected from coronavirus. The overall study concluded that community radio is playing a vital role in public awareness and education especially in rural and remote areas of Pakistan.
Exploring Creation of Connected Classroom in Rural College: Students perspective on Challenges and Implications
Authors: Saadia Saleem  , Dr. Farhana Khursheed
Published: March 2021

This study is based on an intervention of the connected classroom to seek out the teaching faculty shortage alternative. Two Government colleges, rural and urban colleges, coordinated for the intervention of the connected classroom through a software application ‘Skype.’ The urban college serves as the host institution. The urban college teacher delivers lectures to two classes simultaneously, through ‘Skype’ for rural students and face-to-face class interaction for urban colleges. The experiment was continued for four months to teach chemistry subjects. A focus group discussion was arranged for the class students after the successful completion of the connected classroom experiment. The data collected from the focus group discussion revealed that the participants enjoyed and appreciated learning through the experiment of the connected classroom, and they were satisfied at the end of the intervention. They expressed the learning through the connected classroom can be a useful alternative for the colleges facing the problems of shortage of teaching faculty. Students were happy that they got the opportunity of the connected classroom at the right time, and they completed their course well in time even when the teachers were not physically present there in the college. They consider the connected classroom is vital to reduce the distresses of poor village students.  They say the permanent implementation of this strategy can assist and help rural students during the non-availability of teaching faculty.
The strategic relations of Pakistan and Russia in 21st Century
Authors: Dr. Imran Khan  , Dr. Karim Haider Syed
Published: March 2021

A systematic investigation of the steps that Russia has taken after 9/11 to improve strategic relations with Pakistan gives an idea of ​​why it is moving so carefully towards Pakistan. Now it has become important to see what kind of steps Russia has taken to further enhance strategic relations with Pakistan. In June, 2014 the Russian leadership began negotiations to provide Pakistan with state-of-the-art war helicopters to combat drug traffickers (Ullah, 2014, p.1). This development has taken as a surprise in the international community and certainly is not one that can be easily overlooked. The United States and Europe are looking disturbed and some experts have made suppositions that Russia is maneuvering the withdrawal of NATO forces by increasing instability in Afghanistan to increase its role in the aftermath of the withdrawal of NATO forces. In the new situation, Pakistan will have to be strengthened at the front of foreign policy so that it can better cope with the state of affairs that can emerge after the withdrawal of NATO forces. Some experts believe that Russia no longer wanted to make things one-sided and want to increase the role of other stakeholders of the region in the solution of Afghanistan. In the past Russia has paid extraordinary attention to India and ignored Pakistan. These experts believe that Russia now wanted to create a balance of power in the region through cooperation with Pakistan and is trying not to give too much to any one country in the world. Talks between Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan and Russian President Putin during the SCO summit in June 2019 were highlighted in the national media of Pakistan and Russia as well as in the international media (Pakistan eyes new horizons with Russia, 2019).  The history and nature of Pakistan-Russia relations have been very unique and interesting. Pakistan and Russia relations teach the lesson that elements like sentimentality, friendship, and enmity have no place in international relations. In the modern state system, these are the national interests, based on which the two states can come closer to each other and work together to achieve their goals by putting their difference of past behind the scene.
DOSE-DEPENDENT CHARACTER OF DISTURBANCE OF HEMATOPOIETIC AND IMMUNE SYSTEMS FUNCTION, PRODUCTION OF SOME HORMONES IN EXPERIMENTAL URANIUM ACETATE DIHYDRATE EXPOSURE
Authors: Stosman К. I. , Sivak К V. , Rassokha Т. A. , Savateeva-Lubimova Т. N.
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the dose-dependent nature of functional changes in the body systems under chronic administration of uranyl acetate dihydrate in doses of 0.5 and 5.0 mg/kg per element for 18 weeks. The study was performed on 45 male outbred rats. It has been shown that uranyl acetate dihydrate in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg had no significant effect on hematological parameters. At the same time, activation of bactericidal activity of neutrophils, a decrease in the immunoregulatory index, and an increase in the blood concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) have been revealed. The toxicant administered to rats in a dose of 5 mg/kg led to a decrease in the absolute number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, the release of myelocytes into the blood, basophilia, monocytosis, the appearance of leukolysis cells and plasmatization of lymphocytes. On the part of the immune system, an increase in the biocidal capacity of neutrophilic granulocytes, TNF-α production, an increase in the number of CD8+ cells, and a reduction in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio have been found. Uranyl acetate dihydrate had a dose-dependent effect only on the number of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, T-cells with the CD4+CD8+ phenotype, on the immunoregulatory index, and on the level of TNF-α. Hyperglycemia and glucosuria were also dose-dependent. An increase in glucose in the blood and urine indicated a violation of carbohydrate metabolism and kidney function. There was a decrease in the concentration of thyroxine, testosterone and an increase in the level of insulin. Uranyl acetate dihydrate led to the development of insulin resistance. The level of hormones did not depend on the dose of the toxicant administered to the animals.
МETHOD OF NON-INVASIVE DIAGNOSTICS OF POISONING BY SUBSTANCES OF NEUROPARALYTIC ACTION WITH THE USE OF A BIOSENSOR IN CLINICAL AND FIELD CONDITION
Authors: Gainullina Е. Т. , Ryzhikov S. В. , Fateenkov V. N. , Ponsov М. A. , Petrakova L. V.
Published: March 2021

The questions of substantiation of the need to create and the prospects of developing a method for non-invasive diagnosis of lesions by compounds of neuroparalytic action in the field that meet modern requirements for sensitivity, specificity and speed are considered. As a result of the research, a method for early and reliable noninvasive diagnosis of lesions by neuroparalytic compounds in the field using an optical biosensor of irreversible cholinesterase inhibitors was proposed.
Some updates with successful first breeding report of Great Indian Bustard from Vidarbha region, Maharashtra
Authors: Wagh G. A. , Wadatkar J. S.
Published: March 2021

Great Indian Bustard (GIB), Ardeotis nigriceps is a threatened bird species and listed as critically endangered. Presently, GIB is found only in six states of India i.e. Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. During the last 20 years the GIB population has crashed in many areas and presently the population could be as low as 500 birds in India. In Maharashtra, as per survey conducted during 2005-06, about 30 to 36 GIBs were counted. Out of these, 08 birds were reported from Chandrapur and Nagpur districts in Vidarbha region. Habitat of the GIBs in Chandrapur district is cultivated agriculture lands and grasslands around villages. During 2010-11, conducting regular visits, continuous monitoring and collecting information from foresters, local people we documented a breeding report of GIB from Vidarbha region. Total four nests were sighted in Warora and Bhadrawati talukas of Chandrapur district. Each nest contained a single egg. Out of these four nests, hatching took place in only two nests but only one chick survived; in the third nest the egg did not hatch for 40 days while at the fourth nest the egg was accidentally broken. So, immediate protection to nesting sites is required.
Training needs of rural women regarding household energy saving practices through appropriate use of electrical appliances
Authors: Kaur Ravneet , Kaur Kanwaljit
Published: March 2021

The study was conducted in four blocks of Ludhiana district of Punjab state. The data were collected from 200 rural women with the help of interview schedule. A checklist of different household energy saving practices for use of electrical appliances was prepared by consulting the literature and subject matter specialists of Department of Family Resource Management, PAU, Ludhiana. Training needs of household energy saving practices through appropriate use of electrical appliances were analyzed by administrating the knowledge test. On basis of respondent’s knowledge scores, Training Needs Quotient (TNQ) values were calculated and accordingly training needs intensity (T N I) was divided in to three categories i.e. low, medium, and high. Higher side T N I value indicate that respondent need training in that particular area. Overall respondents had medium training need intensity regarding household energy saving practices through appropriate use of electrical appliances. Education and mass media exposure of rural women had negative and significant relationship with training needs intensity. Positive and significant relationship was observed between age and training needs intensity. There is need to provide the training among rural women in the sub- areas of energy saving practices through appropriate use of electrical appliances in which they had high and medium training needs intensity. Mass media had significant relationship with training needs, so it is suggested that mass media planners should include more programmes and articles regarding these energy saving practices through appropriate use of electrical appliances.
Studies on solid waste generation and composition in the institutional area of Akhnoor Town, Distt. Jammu
Authors: Sharma Shalini , Gupta Subash C.
Published: March 2021

The present paper deals with the analysis of solid waste generation and composition in the institutional area of Akhnoor town, within its municipal limits. For the purpose of studies, the institutional area was divided into four zones and from each zone, different institutions (viz. schools, banks, colleges and government offices) were selected for the sampling and analysis of solid waste for a period of one year. Methods of disposal of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) alongwith characterization and management of solid waste were studied to assess its impact on the environment and people inhabiting the area.
DNA barcoding of fishes from River Song, Dehradun, Uttarakhand using mitochondrial cytochrome-c oxidase-I gene
Authors: Thapliyal Madhu , Sati Bipin Kumar , Kumar Ravi , Chandra Tribhuwan , Thapliyal Ashish
Published: March 2021

The entire Himalayan region is well known as a global hotspot for biodiversity. Many workers have documented different aspect of biodiversity.  The Uttarakhand Himalaya region, a part of Himalayan system, is very rich in fresh water aquatic biodiversity because it has many fresh water streams and rivers within a short distance of 200 miles. All these fresh water bodies harbor diverse aquatic fauna with fishes being the most extensively studied. There are many fish species reported by many authors in Uttarakhand. Many of the fishes have similar morphological characters (morpho-metrics) and are difficult to identify. Attempts have been made to generate the DNA barcode of fishes but most of the attempt are limited to major rivers i.e. the Ganges and the Yamuna. Besides these two prominent river (the Ganges & the Yamuna), there are many supporting streams and small tributaries that are also inhabited by many species. No “long term” and “entire river scan” for fish species has ever been conducted in Uttarakhand. Our research aims to generate a molecular database (DNA Barcode) for entire fish species fauna in each small river/stream of Uttarakhand.  Using a combination of morphometric & DNA bar-coding data will provide an efficient method for species level identification and contributes considerably to taxonomic and biodiversity research. The present study is first step towards establishing molecular taxonomy database of Uttarakhand based upon the bar coding pattern of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene.  We carried out an “entire river scan” of River Song (a tributary of river Ganges).  50 samples were collected from various sampling sites along the entire stretch of river and analyzed.   Data was uploaded into the BOLD database and the analysis of data using this database suggests that the genetic variability (K2P distance) distribution of 50 individuals belonging with 15 species.The average intraspecific variation using K2P and NJ methods/models was assessed. The mean intraspecific distance was less than 1.45% for 32% of species. Mean K2P distance within species, genus and family was 0.1%, 16.3% and 21.70% respectively. Our results suggest that River Song has diverse fish fauna with substantial genetic diversity.  Data from Barillius species suggests that this species has a very high variation.  There is ahighly probability that as all the rivers are scanned new data on endemic and exotic fish fauna diversity will emerge which would be helpful in conservation efforts.
Seasonal abundance and effect of abiotic factors on mango leaf hopper Amritodus atkinsoni (Leth.) population on wild and different cultivators of mango in Jammu region
Authors: Sharma Shakha , Tara J.S
Published: March 2021

The mango leaf hopper Amritodus atkinsoni (Leth.) is a very serious pest of mango in J&K region. A series of experiments were conducted on seasonal abundance and the influence of abiotic factors on the incidence of A. atkinsoni on wild and different cultivars of mango viz Dashehari, Langra, Malda and Amarpalli  at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology Jammu, and, at a mango orchard at Nagbani. The mango hoppers (adults) started appearing with the panicle emergence during the months of February-March and reached its peak ranging from 9.6 to 14.2 in wild and all cultivars under study during May-June. After this the hopper population started declining, but showed another peak (6.6 to 9.8) during August-September which is comparatively lower than the previous one. This clearly indicates that the species breeds twice a year thus a bivoltine species. From September onwards, the hoppers went on declining and vanished by the end of December as they migrate to cracks and crevices of tree trunk and overwinter as adults. Abiotic factors such as maximum temperature (X1), minimum temperature (X2), morning relative humidity (X3), evening relative humidity (X4) and rainfall (X5) had much impact on the growth of hopper population. The hopper population correlated negatively and significantly with morning relative humidity (r = -0.635 to - 0.816) and evening relative humidity (r = - 0.289 to - 0.556) and showed a significant positive correlation with mean maximum temperature (r = 0.692 to 0.915) and minimum temperature (r = 0.590 to 0.881) in wild and all four cultivars, whereas rainfall remained fluctuating throughout the study period thus didn’t show any significant impact.