bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of safety and toxicity of liposomal versus conventional Doxorubicin: an updated review
Authors: V. Rakshitha B. , K. Nalini G. , N. Sahana G. , P. Deepak , Nagaral Jayashree V. , N. Mohith , R. Divyashree C.
Published: May 2019

Cancer persists to be a major cause of hospitalization and death every year. With the passage of time, new formulations of anticancer drugs are being introduced to the market and are drawing the concern of healthcare professionals in terms of the superiority, toxicology, and cost-effectiveness of the new formulations in comparison to the conventional formulation of the same drugs. Doxorubicin, a highly potent chemotherapeutic agent, it comes with three formulations (pegylated liposomal, nonpegylated liposomal and non-liposomal conventional formulations). English-language literature of the three formulations of Doxorubicin has been reviewed to inform the healthcare professionals regarding the differences between these formulations. Liposomal Doxorubicin promotes better toxicology profile than non-liposomal conventional Doxorubicin with an increased cost. Due to very limited studies, the cost-effectiveness of liposomal Doxorubicin is not well defined. Apart from that, this review highlights the inter patient variability in regard to the clearance and volume of distribution following the administration of liposomal Doxorubicin. In conclusion, further studies regarding the superiority of liposomal formulation of Doxorubicin , efficacy and dose standardization of liposomal Doxorubicin should be sought in the near future in a more better way.
Correlation of serum iron and ferritin levels in patients of cholelithiasis and comparison with healthy individuals
Authors: Dadhich Yogendra , Bhardwaj Girish , Goel Gaurab , Mandia Rajendra
Published: May 2019

Background: Gall stones have afflicted man kinds since antiquity. Gall stone disease is prevalent, major source of morbidity and costly health problem. Presence of stones in the gallbladder is referred to as cholelithiasis, from the Greek chol-(bile)+lith (stone)+iasis-(process). If gallstones migrate into the ducts of the biliary tract, the condition is referred to as choledocholithiasis.  Methods: It is case control study. Inclusion criteria were, patients aged above 18 years suffering from cholelithiasis confirmed by USG. The exclusion criteria were, patients having hematological disorder, having any systemic disease leading to iron deficiency, on drugs causing gallstones and pregnant females.Results: Study shows females were affected more in case (64%) and control (76%) group with mean age was of case (42.84 years) and control (40.64 years) group. 24% of patients was anaemic in cases. The mean serum cholesterol between cases and control was statistical insignificant (p=0.252). The mean serum ferritin between cases and control was statistical insignificant (p=0.800).Conclusions: The study of 100 cases, based on serum iron, serum cholesterol, serum ferritin and hemoglobin, concludes that the disease is more prevalent in female gender. Serum ferritin association is insignificant as it increases other condition with inflammation also. Low serum iron level associated with high risk of cholelithiasis as this may lead to super saturation of bile.
Gall stones and dyspepsia: does upper gastrointestinal endoscopy have a pivotal role?
Authors: Narayan Harsha , Ravishankar Nagaraj , Shivabasappa Shivakumar , Kotekar Nalini
Published: May 2019

Background: Asymptomatic gallbladder stones are often diagnosed as an incidental finding. Gallstone disease is asymptomatic in most patients diagnosed to have gall stone and cholecystectomy is considered to be the treatment of choice. However, less focus has been given to patient selection and to the symptoms of this disease in order to understand prevailing symptoms after surgery. Studies suggest that approximately 25% of patients undergoing cholecystectomy will not experience relief of symptoms, and that dyspeptic symptoms are least likely to be cured by cholecystectomy. Post-cholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) consists of a group of symptoms that persist after cholecystectomy. It is defined as early if occurring in the post-operative period and late if it manifests after months or years. The objectives of the study were to emphasize the importance of endoscopic evaluation as a routine pre-operative investigative tool in patients with dyspepsia and gall stones and evaluate the prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms in patients with gall stone disease.Methods: 92 patients with USG proven gall stones presenting with dyspepsia attending OPD or admitted in surgery department (JSS Hospital) were studied. Upper GI endoscopy was performed to detect for significant lesions.Results: Most common endoscopic finding was gastritis. Malignancy was found in 3 (3.3%) patients. The management plan was changed for 9 (13.6%) patients.Conclusions: Significant endoscopic findings were observed in 72.8% of patients. Routine pre-operative upper GI endoscopy is recommended in all patients with gall-stone disease who present with dyspepsia to avoid unnecessary cholecystectomy.
Study on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dayakar Eda , Sree C. Sathya , Sanjay E.
Published: May 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem globally. Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor to develop cardiovascular disease in diabetics. They present study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study consisting of 46 (23 male and 23 female) known type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Age, gender, duration of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) was recorder in all the diabetic patients.  Fasting blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL levels were measured using standard methods and recorded.Results: The average total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL and VLDL were 200±42mg/dl, 169.62±89.79mg/dl, 132.45±36.38mg/dl,39.1±16.6mg/dl and 35.85±17.09mg/dl respectively. The incidence of occurrence of hypercholesterolemia was 58.6% and hypertriglyceridemia 36.9%. Increased levels of LDL were observed in 30 (65.2%) patients and reduced HDL was observed in 43 (93.4%) patients. The incidence rate of dyslipidaemia was higher in female diabetic patients when compared to male diabetic patients.Conclusions: Awareness on the dyslipidaemia and its risk factors should be provided to the type 2 diabetic patients as they are more prone to get cardiovascular disease and lipid profile also should be monitored regularly along with blood glucose levels.
Fatigue and diabetes mellitus: a prospective study
Authors: Kaur Parminder , Chugh S. N. , Singh Harpreet , Tanwar Vikram S. , Sukhija Gagandeep , Mathur Rekha
Published: May 2019

Background: Fatigue is a common complaint among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) that can undermine the daily functional activities of a person. The objectives of the study were to assess the fatigue in patients of newly diagnosed type 2 DM and to relate fatigue with blood glucose parameters (BGP) and glycemic control.Methods: A total 50 patients of type 2 DM, diagnosed as per American Diabetes Association 2011 criteria, were enrolled in the study group. Each subject was evaluated two times for fatigue using Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF) scale. 1st assessment was at the time of enrollment and 2nd was done after achieving target control of type 2 DM. Values of Fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PPBG), blood glucose variability (BGV) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were obtained for each subject at each assessment. Data collected was analyzed statistically.Results: Mean age of study group was 50.7±8.9 years with male to female ratio of 1.17:1. Mean values of MFSI-SF score at 1st and 2nd assessment were 14.10±17.97 and 4.64±14.06, respectively indicating a statistically significant improvement in fatigue (p<0.05) after achieving target control. Overall fatigue, general fatigue, emotional fatigue, and vigor score correlated significantly with glycemic control (HbA1c) with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.337, 0.351, 0 .339, and - 0.281, respectively (all p <0.05).Conclusions: Fatigue had a positive correlation with FBG, PPBG and BGV and HbA1c. A significant improvement in all the parameters of fatigue was noted after control of diabetic status.
Spectrum of prostate gland lesions: a clinico-pathologic study in south-western Bihar, India
Authors: Kumar Rajendra , Ahmad Wakeel
Published: May 2019

Background: Prostate gland is an endocrine dependent organ in males and age-related lesions involve it. Inflammation, benign nodular hyperplasia and tumours are the commonest to involve it worldwide. Occasionally some other pathological changes can also involve it. The study was carried out for the first time to know the spectrum and prevalence of prostate lesions which will be of help to the clinicians in this location.Methods: Retrospective study was carried out for a period of four years and out of surgical cases of males which underwent operative procedure, prostate cases were retrieved and in the department of pathology, haematoxylin and eosin stained slides were evaluated and diagnosed.Results: A total of 138 cases were included and five cases were excluded from this series. Benign nodular hyperplasia (73.9%) was the commonest finding followed by chronic prostatitis associated with hyperplasia (15.2%), atypical glandular hyperplasia (2.9%) and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (2.1%). Malignant tumours were 5.8% constituting adenocarcinoma prostate as the most common (62.5%). A case of hemangiopericytoma was also diagnosed.Conclusions: Benign nodular hyperplasia of prostate is the most common affliction among males starting at age 45 years. Early consultation and screening will be of immense value. Adenocarcinoma prostate may involve at age around 58 years.
A study on diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal systolic function
Authors: Ilamaran M. , Thangadhurai A. , Kumar P. Suresh , Nagalingam Saranya
Published: May 2019

Background: Diastolic heart failure, otherwise called as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, is common finding of hypertensive heart disease, but various studies report a high incidence of diastolic heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in spite of the absence of coronary artery heart disease and hypertension. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of dysfunction of left ventricle in diastole in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and to compare with the non-diabetic individuals with that of asymptomatic type II diabetes patients. To assess the correlation of diastolic dysfunction in diabetes with age of patients, HbA1c levels, duration of diabetes, retinopathy, autonomic neuropathy.Methods: A prospective cross sectional among them 50 patients were diabetics and 50 were non-diabetic controls. Diastolic dysfunction was measured with standard echocardiographic parameters and the results were computed with corresponding variables of the patients. All the variables and their data were analysed for percentage, mean, standard deviation ‘t’ test and chi square test. The ‘t’-test was used to study the quantitative data while chi square test was used to study the qualitative data.Results: Among the study population 60% had diastolic dysfunction and 14% had diastolic dysfunction among cases and control group respectively. Diastolic dysfunction was present among 23.3% and the 76.7% of the age group groups of less than 45 and more than 45 years of age respectively. In this study poor glycaemic status was significantly associated with diastolic dysfunction, whereas duration of diabetes, retinopathy and autonomic neuropathy were not statistically significant.Conclusions: Present study reveals moderately high incidence of diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic diabetic; subjects and, this finding was correlated with the HBA1C levels but not with retinopathy and autonomic neuropathy.
Transforming growth factor beta signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma: as a victim or culprit?
Authors: Sharma Varun Kumar , Tyagi Charu , Reddy Yugandhar P. , Manjhi Jayanand , Tomar Lomas Kumar
Published: May 2019

The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signalling pathway control various cellular function and play a pivotal role in tumour suppression. In contrary, overexpression of TGFβ is linked to promote the cancer development. TGFβ facilitate cell-growth and cell-differentiation process which support tumour propagation. In case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), TGFβ signalling pathway is the master regulator of HCCs pathogenesis and functionally involved in the regulation of HCCs phenotype via modulating the downstream signalling pathways. In this article, we have highlighted the contradictory behaviour of TGFβ in hepatocellular carcinoma. Observations suggest that the TGFβ signalling pathway is positively correlated to the expression of genes linked with various hepatic pathological conditions, including fibrosis, cirrhosis, inflammation and cancer. TGFβ pathway play dual role as pro and anti-tumoural activities in cancer cells depending on their context.
USINAS EÓLICAS OFFSHORE NO DIREITO AMBIENTAL MARINHO
Authors: Guimarães Lucas Noura de Moraes Rêgo
Published: May 2019

Este artigo visa inaugurar discussão a respeito da regulamentação ambiental brasileira das usinas eólicas offshore. Embora diante de fonte renovável de energia com crescente destaque no cenário mundial, sob o ponto de vista ambiental ainda é incerta qual a dimensão dos impactos causados à vida marinha pela instalação e operação de eólicas offshore. Enquanto a CNDUM dedicou um capítulo exclusivamente à proteção e preservação do meio marinho, experiências internacionais mostram que certos instrumentos são fundamentais à exploração sustentável do recurso, tais como EIA/RIMA, zonas de exclusão e planejamento ambiental. A legislação brasileira possui dispositivos com aplicação imediata às eólicas offshore, bem como contempla o aproveitamento dos ventos marítimos em instrumentos de planejamento.
BIOPIRATARIA E CONHECIMENTOS TRADICIONAIS: AS FACES DO BIOCOLONIALISMO E SUA REGULAÇÃO
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Sampaio José Adércio Leite
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho procura demonstrar que os povos tradicionais e o Brasil têm sido alvos de biopirataria de recursos ambientais naturais e de seus conhecimentos tradicionais associados, sem serem beneficiados com os recursos obtidos com a exploração de tais recursos por empresas estrangeiras. A biopirataria é uma das formas do biocolonialismo, chamado de extrativo. Discutem-se os déficits e virtudes da legislação internacional que procura combater a biopirataria, bem como o sistema jurídico brasileiro que visa preveni-la e combatê-la. Utilizou-se a metodologia teórica-documental do tipo dedutiva, com o emprego de análises doutrinárias e legais.
A SEGREGAÇÃO SOCIESPACIAL E A INSUSTENTABILIDADE EM UMA METRÓPOLE DA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Vieira Bruno Soeiro , Almeida Hélio Regis , Bacelar Jeferson Fernandes , Teixeira Carla Noura
Published: May 2019

Em pouco mais de duas décadas, observa-se a dinâmica de reconfiguração do espaço urbano no eixo da rodovia Augusto Montenegro, em Belém/PA (denominada de “Nova Belém”). O frenético processo de reconfiguração do espaço e do solo da “Nova Belém” deve-se a diversos fatores, entre os quais, destaca-se: 1) a estratégia dos “promotores imobiliários” visando ampliar seus negócios; 2) a autossegregação adotada por parcela da população urbana que, submetida aos encantos do marketing imobiliário, abandonou a parte mais antiga do tecido urbano, para residir em “fortalezas horizontais”. Este artigo visa identificar a dimensão do descumprimento da função social da propriedade nos condomínios horizontais fechados localizados na denominada “Nova Belém”, para tanto realizou-se um debate teórico e, empiricamente, analisa-se as leis urbanísticas e documentos, viabilizando a correlação de tais dados com as consequências da ampliação da privatização do espaço urbano e o fenômeno da segregação socioespacial; este que em Belém (PA) ganha maior dimensão devido a uma legislação urbanística demasiadamente permissiva.
EL ACCESO A LA INFORMACIÓN AMBIENTAL EN CHILE
Authors: Bertazzo Silvia
Published: May 2019

El artículo desarrolla un estudio sobre algunos temas relacionados con el acceso a la información ambiental en Chile. Parte con analizar las nociones de información pública y medio ambiente, y su interpretación en la jurisprudencia del Consejo para la Transparencia chileno y en la doctrina; además, identifica el tipo de informaciones que más frecuentemente es objeto de una reclamación ante el Consejo. Enseguida, examina la categoría de sujetos obligados a entregar la información. En fin, se concluye revisando los casos de denegación de acceso, que son divididos en dos grandes grupos: los que se fundan en las causales de reserva o secreto previstas en la legislación y los que originan de factores distintos de las causales (ej. retraso). El objetivo del artículo consiste en identificar los puntos más relevantes de la normativa y jurisprudencia nacionales en materia de acceso a la información ambiental, para poder trazar algunos paralelismos e identificar las diferencias más destacadas que existen entre el ordenamiento jurídico chileno y el derecho comparado o internacional.
The Social Issue in the Company
Authors: Kerzabi Abdelatif , Chemma Nawal
Published: May 2019

In this study, we investigate the impact of government debt on the economic growth of Ghana adopting the methodology of the simple Ordinary Least Squares with data spanning from 1990 to 2015. Ghana has unfortunately found itself in the tragic situation of high external government debt which has led to high dependency on aid and other loans to support its development. These aids and loans have seen the debt of Ghana rise steadily over the years. As a result of the Heavily-Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) which was presented by the IMF and World Bank in 1999, Ghana was judged to be a HIPC with unsustainable debt enabling the country to benefit from debt relief. We investigate the impact of government debt (both external and domestic) by testing three related models at the domestic and external levels including the general growth of the Ghanaian economy. In constructing our dataset, we build on the study of many scholars including a substantial amount of new materials from both primary and secondary data sources being Ministry of Finance (MOF) or Treasury Latest actual data: Government Finance Statistics Manual (GFSM), Ghana and World Bank. The research findings revealed that there is a negative relationship between debt (domestic and external) and growth in the economy of Ghana and recommend among others that government debt borrowing should be discouraged while increasing the revenue base through tax reform programs is encouraged.
BILINGUALISM AND THE FUTURE OF ARABIC EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA/ الثنائية اللغوية ومستقبل تعليم العربية بجمهورية غانا
Authors: Muaz Murtada Mahmoud , Abdullah Youshau Muhammad
Published: May 2019

Based on two bold recent initiatives by the Ghanaian governments on language policy, this paper investigated the future of Arabic language in Ghana. In 2016, the Government of Ghana declared through the Ministry of Education that Arabic has been made one of the elective subjects at the Senior High and that it might be rendered same at the preparatory level in the near future. At the same time, the government reiterated his determination to make French a second official language in Ghana, in addition to English. It is against this backdrop that this paper shed some insights into the future of Arabic in a bilingual Ghanaian society. It began with a general discussion on the state of Arabic language in Ghana, paving the way for the interrogation of the continuous struggle among powerful nations to impose their language and culture on the developing countries for varied socio-cultural, economic and political interests. In essence, the paper forecasted how Arabic could thrive the competition from the other foreign languages, coupled with the enormous challenges it is already coping with. The article suggests relevant measures that need to be taken by stakeholders to keep Arabic relevant and competitive in Ghana.
Personal Hygiene and Toxoplasmosis Occurences in “Bungkul Cat Lovers” Cat Owners Community in Surabaya: An Association Study
Authors: Rachmawati Irma
Published: May 2019

Pet owners, especially those often in contact with cats, are susceptible to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Personal hygiene is a control for various kinds of disease, one of which is Toxoplasmosis. The aim of this research was to analyze correlation between cat exposure and personal hygiene habits which consist of handwashing, using personal protective equipment and cleaning residents with toxoplasmosis. This research used cross sectional design with a sample size of 19 respondents, which was determined according to the simple random sampling technique. The research was done on the "Bungkul Cat Lovers" cat owners community 2018 in Surabaya. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Data were collected through Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM Immunoglobulins laboratory tests, interviews, questionnaires and observations. Serologic test results showed that positive Anti-Toxoplasma IgMs were 0% and positive Anti-Toxoplasma IgGs were 31,4%. The result showed that there was a correlation between personal hygiene habits which consist of handwashing (p=0,041<0,05), using personal protective equipment (p=0,044<0,05) and cleaning residents with Toxoplasmosis (p=0,018<0,05). The conclusion of this research is that personal hygiene holds an important role in Toxoplasmosis.
Correlation Between Dust Exposure, Individual Characteristic to Lung Functionin Merchants Around Gresik Industrial Area
Authors: Helmy Rachmania
Published: May 2019

Dust is one of the air pollutants that have high toxicity level. Merchants society are risk groups exposed to respiratory system disorders, especially lung physiology problem. This study aims to analyze the correlation between dust exposure and individual characteristic with lung function on permanent merchants around Gresik industrial area. This research was a quantitative observational research with cross sectional design. Sample on The research are 13 merchants at exposed area as study group and 11 merchants at non exposed area as control group. Independent variables studied are individual characteristics and exposure to dust, while the dependent variable is the lungs physiological status. Data were collected by questionnaires for individual characteristics  and spirometer to assess lung physiological status. The result showed that air quality such as dust was exceeded from environmental quality standards at study group area. Based on chi square statistical test, individual characteristics correlated to the lung physiological status of the study group traders were age and duration of exposure. There was a correlation of dust exposure to the lung physiological status of merchants around the industrial area of Manyar District, Gresik. Thereis a difference in lung physiology status between the two groups with a p value of 0.000. The conclusion of this study is there was a correlation between dust exposure,age, and duration of exposure to the lung physiological status of merchants around the industrial area of Manyar District, Gresik.
An Overview Of Food Hygiene And Sanitation In Campus C Canteens Universitas Airlangga Surabaya
Authors: Oktafani s Ryan Angga
Published: May 2019

School canteen is provided to meet the confectionary needs of campus citizens at Universitas Airlangga (UA) in Surabaya. Food contamination occurs upon improperly treatment for food, that this issue still potentially happen around the canteen of UA and put significant impacts for campus citizens. This study aims to identify the conditions of hygiene, food handler sanitation and food processing in campus C Airlangga University’s canteen. This reearch is a descriptive study with cross sectional design. Sampling process was using purposive sampling method. Observation and exploration regarding hygiene was assessed by questionaire and the sanitation was observed by criteria instrument. Variables of interest in this study are including of the characteristics of food handlers, food handler hygiene, sanitation treatment facilities, canteen facilities and infrastructure on the food provided by the canteen at the University of Airlangga. The results of the study shows that food handlers were free from infectious diseases, they are not smoker and did not comb their hair near food processing premises, only 1 person (of 5%) were sneezing near the food inadvertently. For building sanitation facilities and food preparation areas in each cafeteria is already adequate and already met the criteria of the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 1098 / Menkes / SK / VII / 2003, on the feasibility of hygiene and sanitation in the school cafeteria campus.
Overview Basic Sanitation In Payaman Village, Bojonegoro District 2016
Authors: Celesta Almas Ghassani , Fitriyah Nurul
Published: May 2019

Facilities of basic sanitation have three very important components, clean water supply, household waste disposal and healthy water closet. The aim of this study was provided a comprehensive picture of basic sanitation as an effort in a village environmental sanitation. This research was an observational research. The study was conducted in Payaman Village, Kecamatan Ngraho, Bojonegoro District, East Java Province. The technique of sampling using cluster sampling so that the sample are all Merbong and Ketawang hamlet in RT 8-14, RW 2-4 consisted of 248 Head of Family (KK). Primary data methods using indepth interview and observation. Data processing is done descriptively. From the results of the study, 99,6% of households already have clean water supply, but there are still 79,0% of families who do not have the appropriate SPAL. Then there are still 67.7% of families who have not provided a garbage disposal facility at home, and 94.4% KK management their garbage with burning on premises. There are still 10,1% of families who do not have healthy water closet at home. The recommendation given to the residents is the motivation for the availability of latrines and SPAL and the socialization of waste management.
Mobility And Behavior Influences On Import Malaria In The Kecamatan Watulimo Kabupaten Trenggalek
Authors: Prastiawan Asep
Published: May 2019

Malaria is becoming the most widely distributed disease in the world. There were 212 million cases of malaria and 429,000 of them died in the year 2015. Enviromental, behavior, knowledge and health care factors play an important role in the incidence of malaria in endemic areas. The purpose of this study was analyze the influence of mobility and behavioral factors on malaria import incidence in the Kecamatan Watulimo, Kabupaten Trenggalek. This research was an observational, used case control study design. The research samples were 42 people. Data were statistics analyzed using logistic regression test. The results of this research were influence between high frequency of mobility (p=0.023; OR=16.670), duration of stay in endemic areas for a bit (p=0.014; OR=35.940), less knowledge (p=0.022; OR=11.946), and less practice (p=0.010; OR=25.534) against malaria import incidence in the Kecamatan Watulimo, Kabupaten Trenggalek. But there was not influence attitude (p=0.470) against malaria import incidence in the Kecamatan Watulimo, Kabupaten Trenggalek. The high frequency of mobility factor ≥ 3 times and duration of stay in endemic areas for a bit 1-2 months, behavior factor less knowledge and practice can lead to increased risk of malaria import incidence in the Kecamatan Watulimo, Kabupaten Trenggalek. We recommended to increased the community knowledge and practice on malaria and its prevention with counseling. Increased JMD empowerment, revitalization of Posmaldes, provision of chemoprophylaxis malaria and insecticide mosquito net at the village level.
College Students’ Perceptions of Influenza Vaccination and Childhood Immunizations
Authors: Czyz Samantha E. , Miller Janelle Y. , Muniz Hope M. , Abraham Samuel P. , Gillum Deborah R.
Published: May 2019

Background: After reviewing the literature on flu vaccinations and childhood immunizations, it was concluded that participation in these preventative measures is beneficial to health in increasing the chances of protection from specific diseases. Further studies show that not all college students receive them or plan to have their prospective children vaccinated. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine college students’ perception of influenza vaccination and childhood immunizations. Method: This was a quantitative, non-experimental study with a descriptive design using two open-ended questions to enhance data collection. A total of 120 college students were recruited to participate in this study. The research questions were: “What are college students’ perceptions of influenza vaccination?” and “What are college students’ perceptions of childhood immunizations?” The health belief model was used to guide the study. Results/Conclusion: Survey results showed that many students in a Christian college believe immunization is effective and plan to immunize their future children. However, a few students stated a desire to learn more about immunization.
IMPROVEMENT OF JAVANESE SCRIPT WRITING SKILL THROUGH THE COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL OF FLANNELGRAPH MEDIA-AIDED THINK TALK WRITE (TTW) TYPE
Authors: Astuti Winda Dwi , Soegiyanto Soegiyanto , Sukarno Sukarno
Published: May 2019

The objective of this research is to improve the Javanese script writing skill through the application of the Cooperative Learning Model of Flannelgraph media-aided Think Talk Write (TTW) type of the students in Grade IVA of State Primary School 03 of Karanganyar in Academic Year 2017/2018. This research used the classroom action research with two cycles. Each cycle consisted of four phases, namely: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Its subjects were the students as many as 34. The data were collected through test, observation, in-depth interview, and documentation. They were validated by using the content validity, and data source and data collection technique triangulations. The data were then analyzed by using the interactive analysis and the descriptive comparative analysis.The result of this research shows the improvement from pre-cycle, cycle I until cycle II. Following the treatments, the students’ learning completeness was 82,35% in cycle II.
IMPROVED NARRATIVE WRITING SKILLS BY APPLLYNG THE COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL CONCEPT SENTENCE TYPE WITH SERIES PICTURE MEDIA
Authors: Margiyani Linda , Rukayah Rukayah , Mulyono Hadi
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this research is to improve narrative writing skill in third grade students of State Primary School of Mangkuyudan 02 Surakarta through the application of cooperative learning model of Concept Sentence type with picture series media. The type of this research is classroom action research held in three cycles. The subject of this research are teacher and 27 students in the third grade of State Primary School of Mangkuyudan 02 Surakarta in the academic year 2017/2018. The data collecting by interview, observation, test, and document review. The data validity technique of this reseach is content validity, triangulation of source and technique. The data analysis using descriptive comparative technique and interactive analysis model Miles Huberman. The conclusion of this research is cooperative learning model Concept Sentence type with series picture media can improve the writing narrative composition.
LEARNING MOTIVATION OF SLOW LEARNER IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Amdany Pratia , Sularmi Sularmi , Sriyanto Muhammad Ismail
Published: May 2019

This study aims to describe the learning motivation on Slow Learner students. Subjects of this study are two Slow Learner students in in Margosari elementary school.. This research uses descriptive qualitative research method and case study approach. Data collection is using participative observation techniques, in-depth interviews, documentation studies and questionnaires. The data validity test uses source and method triangulation. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman data analysis that is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The result of this research is that intrinsic and extrinsic learning motivation on Slow Learner students are high. The intrinsic motivation of Slow Learner students having a passion and desire to succeed, having a motivation about the need of study proven by the students that being active while learning, and having wishes and dreams of the future. While extrinsic motivation of students consists of the awards in learning, interesting learning activities and a conducive learning environment.
CREATIVE THINKING SKILL AS AN IMPORTANT ASPECT IN DISRUPTIVE ERA
Authors: Pamungkas Tri Yuda Bekti , Winahyu Restu Peni
Published: May 2019

Disruptive era is a change of achievement towards a better innovation. Education is one of priority to prepare human resources to confront the disruptive era.  As educational actor, student must have an important think one of that is creative thinking skill. Creative thinking skill is the basis for progress of quality and the mentality of the student. Creative thinking is the way to prepare disruptive era as the complexity of competitive. As the effective execution, creative thinking will increase the cognitive processes, held to depend on the strategies employed in process execution and the knowledge being used in problem solving. This paper uses the method of theory study. It so we make a result by some of the theory and made conclusion about the important creative thinking skill in disruptive era. Creative thinking skill is the one of the main stimulus to create gold era on 2045.
DEVELOPING ATTITUDES ON GLOBAL AWARENESS INSTRUMENT OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLâ€™S STUDENTS
Authors: NUGRAHA AMAN ABADI
Published: May 2019

This study developed the attitudes on global awareness instrument of senior high schoolâ€™s students. It used Research and Development (R&D) design which consisted of preliminary phase, product development, and product implementation (field test). The data were collected from 20 panels, the first phase of field test which consist of 250 students, and the second phase of field test which consist of 265 students . The data were analyzed by using factor analysis with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) method. The result of this study indicated that the standardized attitudes on global awareness instrument consist of 55 items with cognition, conation, and affection dimension with Composite Reliability (CR) was 0,933 and Variance Extracted (VE) was 0,824.
DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN RESILIENSI DIRI PADA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Akbar Zarina , Tahoma Oliver
Published: May 2019

This study aimed to examined the relationship between social support and resilience among elementary school teacher. This study use a correlational quantitative approach to determined the relationship. A total of 100 teacher were participating in this study, and gathered using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Resiliencce Quotient Test. Pearson Product Moment with SPSS version 16.0 was used to test the hypothesis of the study. The results show that, r=0,706; p = 0,000 < 0,05. This results suggested that there is a significant relationship with positive concentration between social support and resilience among elementary school teacher.
PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL TERHADAP CYBERBULLYING PADA REMAJA PENGGUNA INSTAGRAM
Authors: Muzdalifah Fellianti , Zanirah Fairuz
Published: May 2019

This study aims to determine the influence of social skills and cyberbullying on adolescent as perpetrator or victim in Instagram. The participants in this study were 156 adolescents aged 18 to 24 years, using Instagram, living in Jakarta. The research method used is quantitative with linear regression analysis one predictor. The instrument of cyberbullying in this research is Revised Cyber Bullying II from Topcu & Erdu-Baker and the instrument of social skills in this research is Social Skills Inventory from Riggio & Carney. The results showed that there was no significant influence between social skills and cyberbullying preferences on adolescents who become the perpetrator or the victim in Instagram
PENGARUH REGULASI DIRI TERHADAP PENYESUAIAN DIRI PADA SISWA PONDOK PESANTREN MA HUSNUL KHOTIMAH
Authors: Wulan Dwi Kencana , Negara Widarti Ratna
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-regulation to the adjustment. Measurement variable adjustment using a measuring instrument Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and to the measurement of self-regulation variables using a measuring instrument ie Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI). Data processing method used in this research is the method of regression analysis. The results of the research conducted is when the adjustment (Y) increases one unit, then the self-regulation variable (X) will be in increments of 0.82. It is concluded that there are positive influence of self-regulation to the adjustment. Variable self-regulation affects adjustment of 10% and the rest influenced by other factors outside of self-regulation.
INTENSI MENYEBARKAN BERITA PALSU DITINJAU DARI MODEL KEPRIBADIAN LIMA BESAR PADA MAHASISWA PSIKOLOGI
Authors: Gumelar Gumgum , Erik Erik , Robbany Muhammad Alfatih
Published: May 2019

This research was conducted to determine whether personality dimensions in big five personality model influence the intention to spread false news on students of Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology Education, Jakarta State University. Some results of previous studies show that personality dimensions in the five major personality models have a significant relationship with the intention to spread false news. The research data was taken using survey method with questionnaire technique involving 161 subjects of students from the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology Education, State University of Jakarta who were selected through simple random sampling method. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The analysis shows that only extraversion and neuroticism personality dimensions have a significant effect on the intention to spread false news, while openness (to experience), conscientiousness, and agreeableness of personality dimensions have no significant influence on the intention to spread false news
WITHDRAWN: 1H NMR-based metabolomics investigation of dietary soybean meal supplementation in hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser. baerii ♀× A. schrenckii ♂)”
Authors: Yue Hua-mei , Wu Jin-ping , Ruan Rui , Ye Huan , Chen Xi-hua , Li Chuang-ju
Published: May 2019

Background: Soybean proteins is the most widely alternative protein sources for fish meal in aquafeed. However, soybean meal (SBM) substitution imposes negative influences such as growth restriction and intestinal inflammation. Limited reports were concentrated on the metabolic alterations in fish.
Results: A ten-week feeding trial was conducted to examine the effect of dietary SBM replacement on growth performance, blood chemistry and metabolism in hybrid sturgeon. It was showed that 25% SBM substitution acquired the highest weight gain, with hepatosomatic index reduced significantly in the 50% and 100% SBM supplement groups. Besides, SBM diet led to significant increase of the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase concentration in the 100% SBM diet group. Moreover, SBM diets higher than 50% resulted in obvious hepatic injury of lipid droplet accumulation by histological analysis. 1H NMR method was applied to detect metabolite changes in liver and blood. Totally, 47 and 50 representative metabolites were screened in liver and serum, respectively. The subsequent PLS-DA analysis identified 23 in liver and 16 in serum of metabolites affected by SBM substitution through pairwise comparisons, respectively. The following pathway enrichment revealed 15 in liver and 18 in serum of perturbed pathways, respectively. Among them, pathway of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis with two differentiated metabolites (phenylalanine and tyrosine) involved deserved the highest impact factor, which indicated severe liver damage by SBM diets.
Conclusions: It was summarized that 250 g/kg of SBM replacement from fish meal did not negatively affect parameters of growth performance, blood chemistry, liver structure and metabolism in hybrid sturgeon. More than 500 g/kg SBM substitution caused severe liver damage and metabolomics disorder. These results provide an important insight into the understanding of SBM diet-induced metabolic perturbation in sturgeons.
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients prone to developing anisometropia
Authors: Zhao Hua-Xuan , Gao Ying-Ying , Chen Xiao-Yang , Zeng Yi-Ming
Published: May 2019

Objective: This study aims to investigate anisometropia in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients.
Methods: The obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome cohort was divided into groups according to sleeping position: positional obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome group (OSA-S group) (n=32), subjects who slept on their sides, and non-positional obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome group (OSA-NS group) (n =29), subjects who did not sleep on their sides. The incidence of anisometropia, values of corneal topography, and ocular axial length were compared between groups, and the incidence of anisometropia at different degrees of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome severity was analyzed.
Results: The obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome groups had a significantly higher incidence of anisometropia than the control group. The OSA-S group had a significantly higher incidence of anisometropia compared with the other groups. There was a significant difference in the incidence of anisometropia between the two obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome subgroups with different degrees of severity. The obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome groups had significantly higher surface regularity index, surface asymmetry index and cylinder values than the control group. In the OSA-S group, the surface regularity index, surface asymmetry index and cylinder of the eye on the preferred sleeping side were significantly higher than those in the contralateral eye. The ocular axial length of the eye was significantly greater on the preferred sleeping side than in the contralateral eye in the 22 patients with anisometropia in the OSA-S group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients who usually sleep on one side are prone to developing anisometropia, and the incidence of anisometropia is associated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.
Investigated of vitreous and serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine levels in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Alpay Atilla , Özcan Özlem , Uğurbaş Sılay Cantürk , N Suat Hayri Uğurbaş
Published: May 2019

Purpose

To investigate the intravitreal and blood Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) level in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Materials and Methods

Twenty eyes of 20 patients with DR with the decision of vitrectomy, and 20 eyes of 20 patients without diabetes as a control group were included in the study. During vitrectomy, vitreous and minimum 3ml peripheral blood samples were taken simultaneously. Serum and vitreous ADMA levels were compared between the two groups.

Results

The serum ADMA level was higher in the diabetic group compared to the non-diabetic group (p=0,009). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the mean vitreous ADMA levels. There was no correlation between serum and vitreous ADMA levels.

Conclusion

In patients with diabetic retinopathy, serum ADMA levels increased, but no increase in vitreous ADMA levels was detected.
Acute respiratory tract infections among hospitalized Palestinian patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Seir Rania Abu , Njoum Wafa' , Najajrah Rawan , Najjar Dania , Ashour Mariam , Asakra Bassam , Samman Nahla , Najjar Osama
Published: May 2019

Background: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a major public health concern. This study aims to investigate the profiles and epidemiological characteristics of acute RTIs and respiratory pathogens in Palestinian hospitalized patients.
Methods: Clinical samples from hospitalized patients with symptoms of acute RTIs admitted between January 2011 and December 2016 are referred to Palestinian Central Public Health Laboratory (PHCL) to identify the causative pathogen. Patients’ demographic information and the results of the molecular identification were retrieved from the electronic database at the PHCL. The results of the detections were analyzed to explore the distribution of pathogens resulting in hospitalization among patients with RTIs across age, gender, region, year and season.
Results: A total of 15413 patients with acute RTIs were hospitalized during the study period. The causal agent was identified only in 28.7% of the patients. Overall, influenza viruses were the most common cause of RTIs among hospitalized Palestinian patients in the West Bank. The elderly population (≥60 years old) had the highest rates. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis ) followed influenza, respectively. Children showed the highest hospitalization rates for these two infections along with adenovirus, enterovirus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Outbreaks of RTIs occurred mainly during winter (between December and March).
Conclusions: Influenza viruses are the major cause acute RTIs among hospitalized patients in the West Bank. Children and elderlies have the highest risk for RTIs. The reoccurrence of B. pertussis in spite of vaccination is alarming and requires further investigation.
Benefícios do Pibid na Formação de Estudantes do Curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors: Lima Eliaquim de Sousa , Rodrigues Jayane de Oliveira , Rocha Francisco Diogo da Silva , Pinto Cesar Augusto Sadalla
Published: May 2019

A formação de professores é marcada por desafios entre a distância da teoria e da prática, com isso, políticas educacionais necessitam surgir com intuito de superar as dificuldades existentes na formação. O Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) é uma dessas políticas, tendo sido implantado no ano 2007, intentando possibilitar aos alunos das licenciaturas: vivências e experiências na docência. Partindo disso, objetivou-se analisar as contribuições do Pibid para a formação dos estudantes do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, realizou-se uma discussão sobre a temática. Os resultados demonstram que o Pibid contribui para a aproximação do aluno de seu futuro campo de atuação, a escola, dando significativa contribuição para a sua formação prática do estudante. Além disso, o programa de iniciação à docência proporciona um olhar reflexivo do estudante sobre os aspectos da docência e permite o reconhecimento da Educação Física como disciplina escolar. Conclui-se que o Pibid é importante como política pública de qualificação da formação de professores, particularmente na área da Educação Física.
Editorial: Five years of the Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences
Authors: Paz Ronilson José da
Published: May 2019

Editorial