bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards the automatic detection of social biomarkers in autism spectrum disorder: introducing the simulated interaction task (SIT)
Authors: Drimalla Hanna , Scheffer Tobias , Landwehr Niels , Baskow Irina , Roepke Stefan , Behnia Behnoush , Dziobek Isabel
Published: February 2020

Social interaction deficits are evident in many psychiatric conditions and specifically in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but hard to assess objectively. We present a digital tool to automatically quantify biomarkers of social interaction deficits: the simulated interaction task (SIT), which entails a standardized 7-min simulated dialog via video and the automated analysis of facial expressions, gaze behavior, and voice characteristics. In a study with 37 adults with ASD without intellectual disability and 43 healthy controls, we show the potential of the tool as a diagnostic instrument and for better description of ASD-associated social phenotypes. Using machine-learning tools, we detected individuals with ASD with an accuracy of 73%, sensitivity of 67%, and specificity of 79%, based on their facial expressions and vocal characteristics alone. Especially reduced social smiling and facial mimicry as well as a higher voice fundamental frequency and harmony-to-noise-ratio were characteristic for individuals with ASD. The time-effective and cost-effective computer-based analysis outperformed a majority vote and performed equal to clinical expert ratings.
Active sites and mechanisms in the direct conversion of methane to methanol using Cu in zeolitic hosts: a critical examination
Authors: Newton Mark A. , Knorpp Amy J. , Sushkevich Vitaly L. , Palagin Dennis , van Bokhoven Jeroen A.
Published: February 2020

In this critical review we examine the current state of our knowledge in respect of the nature of the active sites in copper containing zeolites for the selective conversion of methane to methanol.
l-Cysteine decorated nanoscale metal–organic frameworks delivering valproic acid/cisplatin for drug-resistant lung cancer therapy
Authors: Guo Wenna , Chen Zengzhen , Tan Longfei , Wu Qiong , Ren Xiangling , Fu Changhui , Du Yongxing , Ren Jun , Meng Xianwei
Published: February 2020

CVZP NPs based on the properties of VPA that downregulate the expression of VEGF to reduce the drug resistance are designed.
Single crystal structure and photocatalytic behavior of grafted uranyl on the Zr-node of a pyrene-based metal–organic framework
Authors: Knapp Julia G. , Zhang Xuan , Elkin Tatyana , Wolfsberg Laura E. , Hanna Sylvia L. , Son Florencia A. , Scott Brian L. , Farha Omar K.
Published: February 2020

The zirconium MOF NU-1000 was post-synthetically modified through solvothermal deposition to include the uranyl ion and characterizedviasingle-crystal X-ray diffraction; photo-oxidation was also performed.
Structural evolution of the Ru-bms complex to the real water oxidation catalyst of Ru-bda: the bite angle matters
Authors: Yang Jing , Liu Bin , Duan Lele
Published: February 2020

The bite angle matters: Opening up the O–Ru–O angle of Ru complexes enables water oxidation catalysis.
Halogenated semivolatile acetonitriles as chloramination disinfection by-products in water treatment: a new formation pathway from activated aromatic compounds
Authors: Linge Kathryn L. , Kristiana Ina , Liew Deborah , Holman Adam , Joll Cynthia A.
Published: February 2020

A new formation pathway has been identified for dichloroacetonitrile, a halogenated semivolatile drinking water disinfection by-product, from activated aromatic compounds.
Highly sensitive mutation quantification by high-dynamic-range capillary-array electrophoresis (HiDy CE)
Authors: Anazawa Takashi , Matsunaga Hiroko , Yamamoto Shuhei , Inaba Ryoji
Published: February 2020

Mutant (MT) in a large excess of wild type (WT) was quantified with high-sensitivity (LOD of 0.004% MT/WT) and four-orders-of-magnitude dynamic range (0.01–100% MT/WT) by a high-dynamic-range capillary-array electrophoresis (HiDy CE).
CNTs synthesized with polyoxometalate-based metal–organic compounds as catalyst precursors via the CVD method and their adsorption performance towards organic dyes
Authors: Tian Yuan , Wang Xiu-Li , Luan Jian , Lin Hong-Yan , Chang Zhi-Han , Wang Xiang , Liu Guo-Cheng
Published: February 2020

CNTs were synthesized with POM-based compounds as catalyst precursors via the CVD method, and they possess a high adsorption capacity towards organic dyes.
Enhancement of coercivity of self-assembled stacking of ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic nanocubes
Authors: Sawano Keisuke , Tsukiyama Keishi , Shimizu Makoto , Takasaki Mihiro , Oaki Yuya , Yamamoto Takashi , Einaga Yasuaki , Jenewein Christian , Cölfen Helmut , Kaiju Hideo , Sato Tetsuya , Imai Hiroaki
Published: February 2020

The coercivity of magnetic nanoparticles is enhanced by the exchange coupling effect at the interface of ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic self-assembled monolayers.
Durable lubricant-infused coating on a magnesium alloy substrate with anti-biofouling and anti-corrosion properties and excellent thermally assisted healing ability
Authors: Li Hao , Feng Xiaolei , Peng Yujie , Zeng Rongchang
Published: February 2020

We fabricated both the superhydrophobic surface and the slippery surface on Mg alloy substrate by a facile method, and compared their self-cleaning, anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling properties as well as the thermally assisted healing ability.
Expanding the tunability and applicability of exchange-coupled/decoupled magnetic nanocomposites
Authors: Granados-Miralles Cecilia , Quesada Adrián , Saura-Múzquiz Matilde , Andersen Henrik L. , Fernández José F. , Christensen Mogens
Published: February 2020

CoFe2O4/Co–Fe magnetic composites and the importance of avoiding impurity phases that hinder an effective exchange-coupling between the magnetic phases.
Aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials for biological applications
Authors: Ren Qiaoli , Ga Lu , Lu Zhili , Ai Jun , Wang Tie
Published: February 2020

This review comprehensively summarizes potential biological application using aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials platform, focusing on explaining syntheses, properties, prospects and challenges.
An all solid-state Li ion battery composed of low molecular weight crystalline electrolyte
Authors: Joshi Prerna , Vedarajan Raman , Sheelam Anjaiah , Ramanujam Kothandaraman , Malaman Bernard , Matsumi Noriyoshi
Published: February 2020

A non-polymer crystalline organoboron electrolyte results in the formation of nano-channels for directional conduction of Li ions, owing to presence of boron, allowing Lewis acid–base interaction.
Essential oil loaded pectin/chitosan nanoparticles preparation and optimization via Box–Behnken design against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Attallah Olivia A. , Shetta Amro , Elshishiny Fatma , Mamdouh Wael
Published: February 2020

Pec/CS/JO formulated nanocomposite showed a 13-fold increase in potency against cancer cells, whereas cell viability of normal cells wasn't affected.
Catalytic, selective, and stereocontrolled construction of C4 quaternary and homobenzylic dihydroisoquinolones by sp3 C–H benzylation
Authors: Beng Timothy K. , Moreno Antonio
Published: February 2020

A diastereoselective and catalytic C(sp3)–C(sp3) coupling protocol wherein β-amino sp3 C–H bonds are replaced by sp3 C–benzyl bonds, leading to C4 quaternary and homobenzylic dihydroisoquinolones, is described.
Regulation of microtubule disassembly by spatially heterogeneous patterns of acetylation
Authors: J. S. Aparna , Padinhateeri Ranjith , Das Dibyendu
Published: February 2020

This study investigates the effect of spatial patterns of acetylation on the disassembly dynamics of microtubule filaments using a multi-protofilament model.
Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of nanocrystallized silicocarnotite biomaterial with improved sinterability and osteogenic activity
Authors: Xu Shunxiang , Wu Qiang , Wu Jin , Kou Huamin , Zhu Yingjie , Ning Congqin , Dai Kerong
Published: February 2020

Ultrasonic assistance effectively improved the composition uniformity and dispersity of the precursor, and thus led to a significantly reduced calcination temperature for synthesizing nanocrystallized CPS powders with superior sinterability and osteogenic activity.
Mass spectrometry coupled with vacuum thermal desorption for enhanced volatile organic sample analysis
Authors: Yu Quan , Xu Siyu , Shi Wenyan , Tian Yuan , Wang Xiaohao
Published: February 2020

Developing a vacuum thermal desorption mass spectrometry method to facilitate analysis of volatile organic samples.
Crystallographic and spectroscopic characterization of a mixed actinide–lanthanide carbide cluster stabilized inside anIh(7)-C80fullerene cage
Authors: Li Xiaomeng , Yao Yang-Rong , Yang Wei , Zhuang Jiaxin , Echegoyen Luis , Chen Ning
Published: February 2020

For the first time, crystallographic and spectroscopic analyses identified that a mixed actinide–lanthanide carbide cluster Sc2UC, with a very short UC bond, is stabilized inside anIh(7)-C80cage.
Bioactive supra decorated thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives attenuate cellular oxidative stress by enhancing catalase activity
Authors: Rizvi Masood Ahmad , Hussain Zakir , Ali Fasil , Amin Asif , Mir Sajjad Husain , Rydzek Gaulthier , Jagtap Rohidas M. , Pardeshi Satish K. , Qadri Raies A. , Ariga Katsuhiko
Published: February 2020

Bioactive (2S,4R)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid molecules restructure enzymes through complexation, allowing enhancing their activity to protect cells from oxidative stress.
Synthesis and evaluation of the structural and antibacterial properties of doped copper oxide
Authors: Lv Yirui , Li Li , Yin Ping , Lei Ting
Published: February 2020

Mg, Zn, and Ce-doped CuO NPs exhibit significantly enhanced antibacterial activity due to the synergetic effect of Cu2+ and ROS generation.
Producing high yield of levoglucosan by pyrolyzing nonthermal plasma-pretreated cellulose
Authors: A Lusi , Hu Haiyang , Bai Xianglan
Published: February 2020

Up to 78.6% of levoglucosan was obtainable from cellulose by combining non-thermal plasma pretreatment at room temperature and subsequent pyrolysis at 350–450 °C. The yield already reached 77.6% when the pretreated cellulose was pyrolyzed at 375 °C.
A magnetic nanoparticle functionalized reduced graphene oxide-based drug carrier system for a chemo-photodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Vinothini Kandasamy , Rajendran Naresh Kumar , Rajan Mariappan , Ramu Andy , Marraiki Najat , Elgorban Abdallah M.
Published: February 2020

The proposed work shows the dual therapeutic impact of an external stimulus responsive CPT loaded MrGO-AA-g-4-HC carrier system for cancer treatments.
Water soluble palladium(ii) and platinum(ii) acyclic diaminocarbene complexes: solution behavior, DNA binding, and antiproliferative activity
Authors: Serebryanskaya Tatiyana V. , Kinzhalov Mikhail A. , Bakulev Vladimir , Alekseev Georgii , Andreeva Anastasiya , Gushchin Pavel V. , Protas Aleksandra V. , Smirnov Andrey S. , Panikorovskii Taras L. , Lippmann Petra , Ott Ingo , Verbilo Cyril M. , Zuraev Alexander V. , Bunev Alexander S. , Boyarskiy Vadim P. , Kasyanenko Nina A.
Published: February 2020

Water soluble Pd(ii) and Pt(ii)–ADC species synthesized via the metal-mediated coupling of isocyanides and 1,2-diaminobenzene have demonstrated antitumor potential.
Cross coupling of sulfonyl radicals with silver-based carbenes: a simple approach to β-carbonyl arylsulfones
Authors: Wang Hanghang , Lian Pengcheng , Zheng Yonggao , Li Jingjing , Wan Xiaobing
Published: February 2020

A radical–carbene coupling reaction of sulfonyl radicals and silver-based carbenes has been well established, which provides an efficient approach to various β-carbonyl arylsulfones.
A three-dimensional electrochemical oxidation system with α-Fe2O3/PAC as the particle electrode for ammonium nitrogen wastewater treatment
Authors: Yuan Meng , Yan Fangrong , Chen Yige , Luo Jujie , Li Ziyan
Published: February 2020

A microwave method was used to synthesis α-Fe2O3/PAC 3D particle electrode rapidly which can remove NH4+–N from wastewater.
Rhenium(i) complexation–dissociation strategy for synthesising fluorine-18 labelled pyridine bidentate radiotracers
Authors: Klenner Mitchell A. , Zhang Bo , Ciancaleoni Gianluca , Howard James K. , Maynard-Casely Helen E. , Clegg Jack K. , Massi Massimiliano , Fraser Benjamin H. , Pascali Giancarlo
Published: February 2020

A novel fluorine-18 radiolabelling method employing rhenium(i) mediation is described herein. In less than 1 minute, fluorine-18 labelled complexes and ligands were synthesised in greater than 80% and 60% radiochemical yields (RCY), respectively.
Long non-coding RNA ARAP1-AS1 accelerates cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer through miR-2110/HDAC2/PLIN1 axis
Authors: Lu Chong , Wang Xiuhua , Zhao Xiangwang , Xin Yue , Liu Chunping
Published: February 2020

Breast cancer (BC) poses a great threaten to women health. Numerous evidences suggest the important role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in BC development. In the present study, we intended to investigate the role of ARAP1-AS1 in BC progression. First of all, the GEPIA data suggested that ARAP1-AS1 was highly expressed in breast invasive carcinoma (BRAC) tissues compared with the normal breast tissues. Meanwhile, the expression of ARAP1-AS1 was greatly up-regulated in BC cell lines. ARAP1-AS1 knockdown led to repressed proliferation, strengthened apoptosis and blocked migration of BC cells. Moreover, ARAP1-AS1 could boost HDAC2 expression in BC through sponging miR-2110 via a ceRNA mechanism. Of note, the UCSC predicted that HDAC2 was a potential transcriptional regulator of PLIN1, an identified tumor suppressor in BC progression. Moreover, we explained that the repression of HDAC2 on PLIN1 was owing to its deacetylation on PLIN1 promoter. More importantly, depletion of PLIN1 attenuated the mitigation function of ARAP1-AS1 silence on the malignant phenotypes of BC cells. To sum up, ARAP1-AS1 serves a tumor-promoter in BC development through modulating miR-2110/HDAC2/PLIN1 axis, which may help to develop novel effective targets for BC treatment.
Bioinformatics analysis and genetic polymorphisms in genomic region of the bovine SH2B2 gene and their associations with molecular breeding for body size traits in qinchuan beef cattle
Authors: Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas , Khan Rajwali , Gui Linsheng , Schreurs Nicola M. , Wang Xiaoyu , Mei Chugang , Yang Xinran , Gong Cheng , Zan Linsen
Published: February 2020

The Src homology 2 B 2 (SH2B2) gene regulate energy balance and body weight at least partially by enhancing Janus kinase-2 (JAK2)-mediated cytokine signaling, including leptin and/or GH signaling. Leptin is an adipose hormone that controls body weight. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the association between body measurement traits and SH2B2 gene polymorphisms as responsible mutations. For this purpose, we selected four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SH2B2 gene, including two in intron 5 (g.20545A>G, and g.20570G>A, one synonymous SNP g.20693T>C, in exon 6 and one in intron 8 (g.24070C>A, and genotyped them in Qinchuan cattle. SNPs in sample populations were in medium polymorphism level (0.250<PIC<0.500). Association study indicated that the g.20570G>A, g.20693T>C, and g.24070C>A, significantly (P < 0.05) associated with body length (BL) and chest circumference (CC) in Qinchuan cattle. In addition, H4H3 and H5H5 diplotype had highly significantly (P < 0.01) greater body length (BL), rump length (RL), and chest circumference (CC) than H4H2. Our investigation will not only extend the spectrum of genetic variation of bovine SH2B2 gene, but also provide useful information for the marker assisted selection in beef cattle breeding program.
Clinical Science: translating molecular bioscience and experimental research into medical insights
Authors: Touyz Rhian M.
Published: February 2020

In this Editorial, Rhian Touyz, Editor-in-Chief of Clinical Science, reflects on how the journal has grown, highlights the journal’s multidisciplinary scope and shares ambitions on exciting new aims and initiatives for the journal as we look forward.
Broadband omnidirectional patch antenna with horizontal gain enhanced by near‐zero‐index metamaterial cover
Authors: Guo Yao , Zhao Jing , Hou Quanwen , Zhao Xiaopeng
Published: February 2020

Enhancing the horizontal gain of the omnidirectional patch antenna is always a problem with great difficulty. Inspired by near‐zero‐index metamaterial (NZIM) cover that can improve the vertical gain of a directional patch antenna, the authors designed two kinds of NZIMs that are placed above the broadband omnidirectional antenna to enhance the horizontal gain. Simulated and measured results indicate that both covers can increase the values of horizontal gain >50% (1 dBi) at various frequencies in all directions, which provides a new approach to improve the horizontal gain of the broadband omnidirectional patch antenna.
Multilevel Manchester (2 bits/symbol) coding with optical equaliser for increasing the transmission distance of high‐speed fibre optic links
Authors: Oluwajobi Festus Idowu , Nguyen Dong-Nhat , Khan Nafizah , Malekmohammadi Amin
Published: February 2020

This study accessed the performance of the four‐level Manchester coding (4‐MC) and four‐level modified Manchester (4‐MM) technique at the bit rates of 20 and 40 Gb/s for the first‐order and second‐order optical equalisers. The performances were evaluated with respect to bit error rate (BER), power penalty, eye diagrams, and dispersion tolerance. Based on the results by utilising the second‐order optical equaliser, at 20 Gb/s, the transmission distance of 4‐MC and 4‐MM was extended by 25 and 27 km of standard single‐mode fibre (SSMF), respectively, while at the bit rate of 40 Gb/s, the 4‐MC and 4‐MM transmission distance was extended by 6.5 and 7.5 km of SSMF, respectively. Hence, the second‐order optical equaliser can adequately compensate for the fibre dispersion and consequently the overall BER performance. Therefore, the proposed system could serve as an alternative to the next‐generation high‐speed optical transmission links.
Two‐tier combined active and reactive power controls for VSC–HVDC‐connected large‐scale wind farm cluster based on ADMM
Authors: Huang Sheng , Gong Yusheng , Wu Qiuwei , Rong Fei
Published: February 2020

To reduce the voltage fluctuations inside the wind farm cluster (WFC), a combined active and reactive power control schemes based on model predictive control is proposed. The aims of the proposed control scheme are to maintain the collector bus and wind turbine (WT) terminal voltages within the feasible range. With the size of WFC increasing, conventional centralised optimal control may no longer be suitable for a large‐scale WFC due to the high computation burden of the WFC central controller. To improve the calculation efficiency and protect information privacy, a two‐tier control structure with alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMMs) algorithm is used to solve the large‐scale optimisation problem in distributed/hierarchical manner. In the upper‐tier distributed control, the active and reactive power outputs of the WFs are coordinated to enhance the voltage control performance. In the lower‐tier control, an ADMM‐based hierarchical control is developed to minimise the voltage deviation of the WT terminals. Case studies demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed two‐tier combined active and reactive power controls.
Implications of three-dimensional chemical transport in hot Jupiter atmospheres: Results from a consistently coupled chemistry-radiation-hydrodynamics model
Authors: Drummond Benjamin , Hébrard Eric , Mayne Nathan J. , Venot Olivia , Ridgway Robert J. , Changeat Quentin , Tsai Shang-Min , Manners James , Tremblin Pascal , Abraham Nathan Luke , Sing David , Kohary Krisztian
Published: February 2020

We present results from a set of simulations using a fully coupled three-dimensional (3D) chemistry-radiation-hydrodynamics model and investigate the effect of transport of chemical species by the large-scale atmospheric flow in hot Jupiter atmospheres. We coupled a flexible chemical kinetics scheme to the Met Office Unified Model, which enables the study of the interaction of chemistry, radiative transfer, and fluid dynamics. We used a newly-released “reduced” chemical network, comprising 30 chemical species, that was specifically developed for its application in 3D atmosphere models. We simulated the atmospheres of the well-studied hot Jupiters HD 209458b and HD 189733b which both have dayside–nightside temperature contrasts of several hundred Kelvin and superrotating equatorial jets. We find qualitatively quite different chemical structures between the two planets, particularly for methane (CH4), when advection of chemical species is included. Our results show that consideration of 3D chemical transport is vital in understanding the chemical composition of hot Jupiter atmospheres. Three-dimensional mixing leads to significant changes in the abundances of absorbing gas-phase species compared with what would be expected by assuming local chemical equilibrium, or from models including 1D – and even 2D – chemical mixing. We find that CH4, carbon dioxide (CO2), and ammonia (NH3) are particularly interesting as 3D mixing of these species leads to prominent signatures of out-of-equilibrium chemistry in the transmission and emission spectra, which are detectable with near-future instruments.
Correction of the Doppler distortion generated by a vibrating baffled piston
Authors: Lebrun Tristan , Hélie Thomas
Published: February 2020

The Doppler effect is a phenomenon inherent to source motion, which introduces a variable propagation time between the source and a listening point. In the case of a vibrating piston, this is responsible for distortion of the radiated sound pressure. This moving-boundary phenomenon is part of the nonlinear effects involved in loudspeaker radiation. The present paper investigates the significance of this distortion, usually considered as neglectible, and addresses its correction. First, the direct problem is solved by: (a) converting the (Lagrangian) position of the moving source into its equivalent (Eulerian) velocity field at a fixed position; (b) deriving the acoustic pressure radiated from this velocity field. A series solution of (a) is derived and time-domain simulations of (b) are built from the truncated series combined with a baffled piston radiation model. Simulations show that Doppler distortion can be significant for realistic loudspeaker diaphragm motion with a wide spectral content. Second, the inverse (anti-Doppler) problem is examined, that is, the derivation of a piston displacement that generates a targeted Eulerian velocity field. The corrected piston velocity solution proves to be an uncentered signal, leading to a diverging displacement. In order to remove this practical problem, a centered approximation is preferred, based on modified inverse Volterra kernels. The anti-Doppler algorithm is reliable in the audio range.
Monitoring of the phytosanitary efficiency of pre-sowing spring wheat seed treatment
Authors: Pertseva Elena V. , Burlaka Galina A. , Kiselyova Lyudmila V. , Vasina Natalya V. , Kozhevnikova Oksana P.
Published: February 2020

For the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region, efficiency of preparations for presowing treatment of seeds as regulators of the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses and spring wheat productivity for different regionalized varieties were assessed. To obtain stable phytosanitary agrocenoses, in the Middle Volga region, Kinel Yubileynaya variety should be cultivated with pre-sowing seed treatment using Epin Extra.
The efficiency of pig breeding by maturity and bacon thickness at different selection intensities
Authors: Ukhtverov Andrey M. , Khakimov Ismagil N. , Zaitseva Ekaterina S. , Zaspa Liubov F. , Kanaeva Elena S.
Published: February 2020

Scientific and economic experience in the study of the comparative effectiveness of using simultaneous and sequential selection at its various intensities (75, 50 and 30% in boars and 30% in breeding sows) by early maturity and thickness of bacon, aimed at improving feeding and meat qualities, established that simultaneous selection by a set of characters is possible, because connections between them in either the positive or the negative direction have not been identified. However, when one of the traits during prolonged selection improves by an excessive amount, other non-breeding traits deteriorate. At the same time, simultaneous and sequential selection by the early maturity and thickness of the bacon makes it possible to select the same animals for further breeding, regardless of the intensity of the rejection. A different level of producers’ selection intensity (75, 50, 30%) and the same breeding sows (30%) in terms of early maturity and bacon thickness ensure an improvement in these characteristics by an unequal value during one generation.
Investigation of the effect of air supply on the effective engine performance of a machine-tractor unit under unsteady load
Authors: Sinitsky Stanislav S. , Medvedev Vladimir M. , Lukmanov Ruslan R. , Pikmullin Gennady V. , Makarova Olga I.
Published: February 2020

The article discusses the effect of air supply (excess air coefficient) on the effective performance of the engine of a machine-tractor unit with an unsteady load. The analysis of the influence of unsteady load on the engine performance of the machine-tractor unit (MTU) is given. Theoretical studies are presented to determine the effective performance of the MTU engine under unsteady load and their comparative analysis with the results of experimental data. This is necessary to verify the adequacy of theoretical dependencies with the results of experimental studies.
Reserves for improving the efficiency of integrated formations
Authors: Gazetdinov Shamil M. , Gazetdinov Mirsharip Kh. , Semicheva Olga S. , Gatina Farida F. , Nigmetzynov Almaz A.
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes the experience and development of agricultural formations in the Republic of Tatarstan. Many of them have achieved good results during the period of operation, which confirms the advantages of large-scale production. It is argued that the problem of further development of integrated formations can be solved within the framework of the scientific concept, according to which the integrated formation is a modern form of concentration of production, which most fully meets the requirement of accelerated transfer of agriculture to the intensive development path. The implementation of this concept allows one to mobilize organizational reserves of efficiency growth of integrated formations. The main tools of the mechanism of its implementation are considered: increasing the level of cooperation and concentration, the creation of service centers and specialized production units, reducing the number of middle managers, improving the level of labor organization and management quality due to the informatization of management work. It is proposed to speed up the pace of creation of integrated units and enhance their inherent reserves to establish certain financial benefits, to revise the procedure for allocation to local budgets, to ensure the development and examination of projects for the creation and development of new integrated units.
The effect of milking frequency and intervals on milk production and functional properties of the cows’ udder in automatic milking systems
Authors: Sharipov Delyus , Kayumov Rubin , Akhmetov Takhir , Ravilov Rustam , Akhmetzyanova Firaya
Published: February 2020

The objective of this study was to describe the association between the milking frequency and milk production and to determine the effect of milking intervals on the functional properties of the udder of cows in automatic milking systems. Thousand eight milking recordings were enrolled in the study, in total, 106 Holstein cows were observed. The results of studies showed that at a daily milk yield per cow of 22.0 ± 0.6 (means ± SD) kg, the milking frequency was 2 times (13.5 % of the total number of milkings), 32.7 ± 0.4 kg – 3 times (57.2 %), 37.7 ± 0.6 kg – 4 times (28.0 %), 51.3 ± 4.1 kg – 5 times (1.3 %). An increase in the daily milk yield due to a reduction in the milking interval has been established (p<0.001). However, milk yield per milking has the opposite tendency (p<0.001). The average and maximum milk flow rates increased with an increase in the milking interval and reached the highest values in the interval of 7.50–8.99 hours – 2.36 and 3.36 kg/min, respectively (p<0.001). Cows with a low indicator of maximum milk flow rate (3.01 ± 0.06 kg/min) had greater milk production (36.6 ± 0.47 kg). With an increase in the milking interval from 4.50–5.99 to 7.50–8.99 hours, it was accompanied by a decrease in the latency period milk flow in the quarters of the udder, when the milking interval reached 9.00–10.49 and 10.50–11.99 hours, the latency period milk flow increased.
Internet of things as a digital tool for the development of agricultural economy
Authors: Amirova E. F. , Kirillova O. V. , Kuznetsov M. G. , Gazetdinov Sh. M. , Gumerova G. H.
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes the research results of a number of analytical agencies regarding the growth rate and key problems associated with the introduction of the “Internet of things” (IoT) in the agricultural economy. The issues of the development of the agro-industrial complex in the context of the development of the digital economy, the experience of introducing the digital economy in the agricultural sector of developed countries and the possibilities of its application in agriculture in Russia are considered. The authors focuses on the positive aspects of the influence of the “Internet of things” on the functioning and development of modern agricultural markets at the macro and micro levels, and the change in the professional structure of the agricultural industry
The effect of hydrated oatmeal on quality of the symbiotic fermented milk product
Authors: Sukhova Irina V. , Romanova Tatyana N. , Korosteleva Lidia A. , Baimishev Rinat H. , Dolgosheva Elena V.
Published: February 2020

In recent years, there has been a trend to develop and produce special products. Improving food technology through the use of hydrated oatmeal makes it possible to enrich fermented milk products with proteins, dietary fiber, trace elements and vitamins. Oat flakes were used as a nutrient medium for microorganisms in a fermented milk product. Lactobacilli and acidophilus bacillus produce organic acids which leads to the inhibition of the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms. The use of hydrated oat flakes in an amount of 6% at the stage of fermentization at a temperature of 420 ° C has a positive effect on quality of the fermented milk product (yogurt) and development of lactic acid bacteria.
Rumen digestion and productivity of bulls when using linseed cake and choline
Authors: Bogolyubova N.V. , Zaitsev V.V.
Published: February 2020

We have studied the peculiarities of the processes of rumen digestion in bulls while feeding them linseed cake in combination with the “protected” form of choline. When linen cake and choline were included in the diet, the most favorable conditions for the development of microorganisms were created in the rumen of animals, which had an impact on the growth of live weight.
Intensive agricultural technologies of winter wheat cultivation in the Middle Volga region
Authors: Bakaeva Natalya P. , Saltykova Olga L. , Korzhavina Nina Yu. , Prikazchikov Maxim S.
Published: February 2020

The article describes agricultural technologies increasing nitrate nitrogen content in the soil, crop yield, protein content and its fractional composition in winter wheat grain in the Middle Volga region. An economic and energy assessment of the effectiveness of winter wheat cultivation is provided for various predecessors, methods of primary tillage and fertilizing. Long-term studies were carried out on the fields of the Department of Agriculture, the laboratory “Agroecology” of Samara State Agricultural Academy. When cultivating winter wheat using the black fallow method, without autumn mechanical tillage with double application of nitrogen fertilizing, the highest yield indicators (2.79 t/ha), protein content of 13.12 %, the maximum net income, profitability of 92 % and energy efficiency were achieved. The energy efficiency coefficient in crops was the largest with the lowest energy coefficient in proteins.
Chelated micronutrient fertilizers as effective antioxidants applied for foliar plant treatment
Authors: Pakhomova Valentina M. , Daminova Anisa I.
Published: February 2020

The antioxidant status of spring wheat cells was studied for foliar treatment with a 0.1 % solution of copper, molybdenum-containing chelated micronutrient grade ZhUSS-2 in field experiments when cultivating plants on soil with a low content of these trace elements. The activation of the antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, as well as a decrease in the activity of lipid peroxidation (according to the content of malondialdehyde) under the action of this drug in all phases of plant vegetation was identified. A similar effect of iron-, manganese- and zinc-containing ZhUSS micronutrient fertilizers is analyzed. The conclusion is made about the antioxidant effect of these chelated micronutrient fertilizers.
Features of the inheritance of fruit size in the hybrid families of prunus domestica
Authors: Osipov G. E. , Osipova Z. A.
Published: February 2020

The aim of the research was to establish the features of the inheritance of the size of the fruit in the hybrid families of Prunus domestica. The objects of study were hybrid seedlings of plum selection of the Tatar research Institute of agriculture. Fruit sizes were estimated according to the methodology of the all-Russian research Institute of fruit crops selection. The analysis of the splitting of plum in hybrid families by the size of fruits showed that seedlings with small fruits dominated in the breeding gardens of the Tatar research Institute. The size of the plum fruit is controlled by polygens. All of the original parental forms are heterozygotes for the genes determining the size of the fruit. A small fruit is a dominant trait, a large fruit is a recessive trait. In most hybrid families, plum seedlings have a significant variability in the size of the fruit. Transgressive genotypes with large fruits are formed in hybrid families Eurasia 21 x Renklod Tenkovsky, Eurasia 21 x free pollination and Zyuzinskaya x free pollination. The varieties Eurasia 21 and Zyuzinskaya must be used as sources in breeding of plums for large-fruited.
Pedagogical means of students training in conditions of agricultural complex digitalization
Authors: Berishvili Oksana N. , Plotnikova Svetlana V. , Romanov Dmitry V. , Filatov Timur V.
Published: February 2020

The actual problem, and simultaneously, the trend of today’s vocational – education digitalization of agricultural experts training in Russia are investigated. The review of the theory of the question, which proves the idea of accord of vocational training digitalization process of the XXI century tasks, is made. Didactic digitalization elements as a process are correlated with the revealed professional agricultural engineering problems. Digitalization maintenances opportunities of science subjects as possible means of the priority purposes achievement of modern vocational trainings are investigated. The substantiation of the projected course «Methods of optimum decisions acceptance» as a set of the competence-focused modules is achieved, each of which corresponded to concrete type of optimization problems, solved by agroengineers in professional work.
Staffing of agricultural organizations of Ryazan region in conditions of economy digitalization
Authors: Shashkova I. G. , Romanova L. V. , Kornilov S. V. , Vershnev P. S. , Mashkova E. I.
Published: February 2020

The article presents the main problems of the introduction of digital technologies in agroindustrial complex. It is revealed that at present there is no single integrated solution for agricultural enterprises, which would integrate solutions for various branches of agriculture. It is substantiated that the task of creating a digital platform, with the help of which various digital solutions of specific business processes will be integrated, is a top priority. The tools for managing the digital transformation and innovation activities of the dairy industry enterprises and the platform solutions being created are considered on the example of Europe’s largest robotic animal husbandry complex in the dairy sector.
Management of grain production in modern conditions
Authors: Avdonina Irina , Kholopova Julia , Dozorova Tatyana , Tarasova Elena
Published: February 2020

The paper outlines the role of grain-producing companies in the agrarian sector of Ulyanovsk Oblast. It determines basic competitiveness factors of grain-producing companies in the region. An agricultural enterprise devoted to crop production of the region was assessed to provide an overview of its internal and external environment in modern conditions. The SWOT and PEST analysis tools were used therewith. The overview evaluated the efficiency of grain production at the enterprise, determined a break-even point and margin of financial stability. This allowed the enterprise to be classified as financially unstable with a moderate bankruptcy risk. The paper also discusses the role of innovations (through the introduction of new promising and region-bound grain varieties and the use of highly-efficient liquid fertilizers) and their contribution to the development of grain production and increase in financial stability of the enterprise.
Migration of safety indicators for milk produced in the Oryol region
Authors: Luneva Olga , Lunev Roman , Simonenkova Anna , Bychkova Tatiana , Vlasova Kristina , Rodina Natalia
Published: February 2020

The paper reports the milk safety indicators resulting from monitoring activities to predict and estimate high-quality milk materials in the Oryol region. The results of the study allow for predicting milk safety indicators for different milking periods. The study shows that milk produced in July, August, and September is the most suitable for production of functional dairy products, since such milk contains no aflatoxins and a minimum amount of toxic elements in this period.
Finite element shear models of thin-walled structures of water management systems of agro-industrial complex
Authors: Klochkov Yuriy , Ishchanov Tlek , Andreev Alexandr , Klochkov Mikhail
Published: February 2020

The article presents an algorithm for constructing a finite element model of deformation of thin-walled structures such as pipelines, tanks, bunkers included in the structure of the agro-industrial complex. The proposed model takes into account the deformation of the transverse shear. As a finite element, it is proposed to use a quadrangular fragment of the middle surface of a thin-walled structure of the agro-industrial complex with nodes located at its vertices. The components of the displacement vector and their partial derivatives of the first order with respect to curvilinear coordinates, as well as the components of the normal rotation angle vector, were chosen as the required unknowns. In the construction of the finite element model, the developed interpolation procedure was used for the components of the displacement vector and the component of the normal rotation angle vector as components of vector fields. The efficiency of the proposed finite element models in terms of a significant increase in the accuracy of calculations, the convergence of the computational process and the adequacy of the results to the physical meaning of the problem was proved on the numerical example of the calculation of the pipeline fragment.
Laboratory field studies of mini potato planter
Authors: Laryushin Nikolai P. , Kukharev Oleg N. , Bochkarev Anton S. , Bochkarev Vladimir S.
Published: February 2020

The paper considers the design and operation of the experimental mini potato planter for small-scale farms (private subsidiary farms – PSF). It presents the results of field studies of experimental potato planter in field conditions. The paper also describes probabilistic curves of potato tubers distribution in a furrow depending on motion speed and design parameters of tubers speed damper.
Functional features of hemostasis in physically weakened newborn piglets and calves
Authors: Krapivina Elena V. , Novikova Tatyana V.
Published: February 2020

The normal state of hematological parameters in mammals at the beginning of ontogenesis is rightfully considered to be functionally very significant for the development of early ontogenesis in them. Hemostasis is considered to be very significant for vital functions and vulnerable blood systems. Its condition affects trophism due to the effect on the state of microcirculation, which is very important at the beginning of ontogenesis. In the neonatal phase, calves and piglets develop the formation of hemostasis and therefore, during these periods it can be easily disrupted. The appearance of hemostatic dysfunctions in the body of young animals, despite its importance, is still very poorly studied. This circumstance was the motivation for the study of the activity of the hemostatic system in calves and piglets that were born physically weakened. It was found that immediately after birth in weakened calves and piglets, there are physiologically unfavorable changes in platelet activity, vascular hemostasis and blood coagulation. This provides them with the appearance of excessive platelet activity and blood clotting with a significant weakening of vascular hemostasis. All these disorders lead to negative changes in their internal organs and create their serious dysfunctions. The development of disorders in the mechanisms of hemostasis in physically weakened calves and piglets during the neonatal phase is a serious mechanism for weakening their adaptation to the environment and slowing the growth and development of animals.
Physiological parameters of hemostasis in weakened newborn piglets and calves with gamavit injection
Authors: Krapivina Elena V. , Kryazhev Andrei L.
Published: February 2020

The deployment of the first stages of ontogenesis in all types of productive animals is determined by the change in hemostatic and rheological mechanisms. The status of these parameters strongly influences the deployment of heredity of an organism of any animal. The normal operation of the hemostasis during the neonatal strongly determines the rheological properties of blood, and therefore metabolism in the organs of young animals. Phase of neonatal calves and piglets is a serious stage of their development. Therein have the characteristic of hemostatic processes. The authors determined that during the first or second day of life in physically impaired calves and piglets develop physiologically unfavorable changes in haemostatic parameters, platelets, blood vessels and blood clotting. Emerging changes adversely affect the operation of their bodies and lead to total exclusion. The use of the drug gamavit enhances the weakened condition of newborn calves and piglets functionally acceptable reduce the activity of platelets and clotting of blood in a functionally justified the growth of the hemostatic capabilities of the vessels. It can be argued that injections of gamavit negate the existing dysfunction in hemostasis in physically weakened calves and piglets during the neonatal phase, increasing their adaptation and stimulating further growth and development of animals.
Physiological characteristics of hemostasis in piglets after long transport
Authors: Solovyova Lyubov P. , Kryazhev Andrei L. , Kalysh Tamara V. , Zamuravkin Valery I.
Published: February 2020

Platelets and the clotting system are very sensitive to different harmful environmental impacts. It is noticed that when the action quickly formed hemostasiogram, worsening blood flow in the arterioles and capillaries, which weakens the nutrition and respiration of tissues. Violations of the activity level of hemostasis have a serious economic importance, as it can cause great economic damage by slowing down the processes of growth of productive animals. For this reason, great importance is the reaction of the hemostatic system in piglets is very common for them unfavorable factor of the environment – transportation. It occurs when they are transported from breeding farms in different pig farms. Due to the fact that this situation is very common – it creates a need for additional clarification of aspects of the activity changes of parameters of hemostasis that affect perfusion of the organs. It is found that in the case of transport stress in piglets occurs strengthening of the functions of platelets and clotting of blood on the background of decreased activity of fibrinolysis. The emerging situation is the reaction of piglets to the adverse impact from the medium high intensity. As a result of these conditions they are activation of hemostasis and increase the risk of pathology of internal organs.
Platelet function activity in black-motley calves during the dairy phase
Authors: Vorobyeva Nadezhda V. , Medvedev Ilya N.
Published: February 2020

Platelet activity in cattle can change under the influence of many factors. Their assessment in the second phase of their early ontogenesis is of great interest, taking into account the breed of calves. The purpose of the work is to evaluate platelet activity in black-and-white breed dairy calves. The study was conducted on 41 calf of black-motley breed, which was obtained from healthy cows as a result of 2–3 pregnancies. The calves were examined on the 11th, 15th, 20th, 25th and 30th day of ontogenesis. The study used biochemical, hematological and statistical methods. In animals, an increase in platelet aggregation with all tested inductors was detected during the milk feeding phase. The number of discoid platelets in the blood of calves observed during the second phase of early ontogenesis decreased by 10.5 %. Moreover, the total number of active platelets increased by 24.0 %. The levels of small, as well as medium and large aggregates of platelets present in the blood also increased during the milk feeding phase by 28.6 and 27.3 %, respectively. This was achieved in the observed calves by an increase of 9.6 % in the synthesis of thromboxane in platelets due to an increase in the activity of cyclooxygenase in them by 9.4 % and thromboxane synthetase by 9.3 %. This was also influenced by the increase in the platelet content of adenosine phosphates and the increase in their secretion. The levels of actin and myosin in inactive calf platelets increased during the milk feeding phase by 9.7 and 13.2 %, respectively. In animals, an increase in the additional generation of actin and myosin was revealed during platelet aggregation by 11.1 and 9.8 %, respectively. It is clear that calves of the black-motley breed of dairy food are characterized by a certain increase in the activity of platelet aggregation and secretion. This provides them with a high degree of preservation of blood volume in case of damage to blood vessels. The growth of intravascular platelet activity in these calves also contributes to the creation of the necessary conditions to minimize blood loss and ensure homeostasis.