bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction Effects between Technology-Driven Urbanization and Eco-Environment: Evidence from China’s East Zhejiang Region
Authors: Gu Guangtong , Zhu Wenjie
Published: February 2019

With the rapid pace of urbanization in populous regions, the conflict between economic development and eco-environment becomes increasingly notable, inducing policy makers to implement new technological solutions for regional sustainable growth. Choosing the East Zhejiang region in China as a case study, this paper reveals the interaction effects between technology-driven urbanization and eco-environment, by compiling novel indexes for factors such as the degree of urbanization, environmental pressure, environmental protection, and environmental quality from 2005 to 2014, and adopting a data-intensive systemic approach. Differing from previous literature, an inverted “U” structure and panel vector autoregressive model are constructed to show that: (i) Given the acceleration of technology-driven urbanization, its surrounding eco-environment is still likely to be under greater pressure; (ii) the relationships between technology-driven urbanization and environmental factors in different regions are heterogeneous, either with a normal U-shaped curve or an inverted U-shaped curve; and (iii) the two-way interaction effects are significantly unbalanced, with long-term contribution rates of environmental quality and pressure on urbanization to be 57.8% and 78.88%, respectively, which is higher than the reversal effect. This study provides scientific reference for urban planning and advocates that more technological innovations should be implemented to help maintain sustainable urbanization processes.
Optimization of LED Lighting and Quality Evaluation of Romaine Lettuce Grown in An Innovative Indoor Cultivation System
Authors: Loconsole Danilo , Cocetta Giacomo , Santoro Piero , Ferrante Antonio
Published: February 2019

Sustainability is the most critical point in micro-scale indoor crop systems. It can be improved through the optimization of all of the production factors, such as water, nutrients, and energy. The use of light-emitting diodes (LED) allows the fine regulation of the light intensity and light spectrum to be obtained, with a significant reduction in energy consumption. The objective of this study was the optimization of a LED-based protocol of light management for Romaine lettuce cultivation in a micro-growing environment specifically designed for home cultivation. Four different growing cycles were tested. In each one, the light spectrum was modified by increasing the percentage of red light and decreasing the blue light. This resulted in a change in the light intensity which ranged from 63.2 to 194.54 µmol m−2 s−1. Moreover, the photoperiod was shortened to reduce the energy consumption and, in the last cycle, the effect of the daily alternation of dark and light was tested. The fresh and dry biomass produced were measured and the energy consumed in each cycle was monitored. The quality of lettuce was evaluated by measuring several physiological indexes, including chlorophyll a fluorescence, chlorophyll, sugars, nitrate, lipid peroxidation, carotenoids, and phenolic index. The results obtained showed that the productivity and the quality of lettuce can be positively affected by modulating the light quality and intensity, as well as other cultural practices. At the same time, the estimation of the electrical energy consumption indicated that little changes in the lighting recipe can significantly affect the energetic, environmental, and economic impact of home productions.
A Methodological Framework to Initiate and Design Transition Governance Processes
Authors: Halbe Johannes , Pahl-Wostl Claudia
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Sustainability transitions require societal change at multiple levels ranging from individual behavioral change to community projects, businesses that offer sustainable products as well as policy-makers that set suitable incentive structures. Concepts, methods and tools are currently lacking that help to initiate and design transition governance processes based upon an encompassing understanding of such diverse interactions of actors and intervention points. This article presents a methodological framework for the initiation and design of transition governance processes. Based upon a conceptualization of sustainability transitions as multilevel learning processes, the methodological framework includes participatory modeling, a systematic literature review and governance system analysis to identify social units (learning subjects and contexts), challenges (learning objects) and intervention points (learning factors) relevant for initiating case-specific transition governance processes. A case study on sustainable food systems in Ontario, Canada is provided to exemplify the application of the methodological framework. The results demonstrate the merit of combining stakeholder-based and expert-based methods, as several learning factors identified in the participatory process could not be found in the general literature, and vice versa. The methodological framework allowed for an integrated analysis of the diversity of existing initiatives in the case study region and specific intervention points to support place-based sustainability innovations. Initiators of transition governance processes can use the results by designing targeted interventions to facilitate and coordinate existing initiatives or by setting new impulses through purposeful action.
Sustainable Urban Renewal and Built Heritage Conservation in a Global Real Estate Revolution
Authors: Lai Lawrence W. C. , Lorne Frank T.
Published: February 2019

A global real estate revolution has been transforming the urban landscape everywhere. Development and redevelopment projects have mixed with, if not become an integral part of, real estate construction. At the same time, there is a drive to commodification in this revolution, as shown by a growing trend to conserve built heritage in new development projects characterised by the rise of museums. This paper reviews some examples of attempts in various parts of the world to combine real estate development and conservation and applies the fourth Coase theorem to explore how built heritage conservation and urban renewal in Hong Kong, hitherto problematic in terms of their invasion of private property, can become a win-win outcome in the context of this global real estate revolution.
Realizing the World Health Organization’s End TB Strategy (2016–2035): How Can Social Approaches to Tuberculosis Elimination Contribute to Progress in Asia and the Pacific?
Authors: John Christopher A.
Published: February 2019

This review article discusses how social approaches to tuberculosis elimination might contribute to realizing the targets stipulated in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) End TB Strategy (2016–2035), with an emphasis on opportunities for progress in Asia and the Pacific. Many factors known to advance tuberculosis transmission and progression are pervasive in Asia and the Pacific, such as worsening drug resistance, unregulated private sector development, and high population density. This review article argues that historically successful social solutions must be revisited and improved upon if current worldwide tuberculosis rates are to be sustainably reduced in the long term. For the ambitious targets laid down in the WHO’s End TB Strategy to be met, biomedical innovations such as point-of-care diagnostics and new treatments for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) must be implemented alongside economic, social, and environmental interventions. Implementing social, environmental, and economic interventions alongside biomedical innovations and universal healthcare coverage will, however, only be possible if the health and other government sectors, civil society, and at-risk populations unite to work collaboratively in coming years.
The Importance of Wildlife Disease Monitoring as Part of Global Surveillance for Zoonotic Diseases: The Role of Australia
Authors: Woods Rupert , Reiss Andrea , Cox-Witton Keren , Grillo Tiggy , Peters Andrew
Published: February 2019

Australia has a comprehensive system of capabilities and functions to prepare, detect and respond to health security threats. Strong cooperative links and coordination mechanisms exist between the human (public health) and animal arms of the health system in Australia. Wildlife is included in this system. Recent reviews of both the animal and human health sectors have highlighted Australia’s relative strengths in the detection and management of emerging zoonotic diseases. However, the risks to Australia posed by diseases with wildlife as part of their epidemiology will almost certainly become greater with changing land use and climate change and as societal attitudes bring wildlife, livestock and people into closer contact. These risks are not isolated to Australia but are global. A greater emphasis on wildlife disease surveillance to assist in the detection of emerging infectious diseases and integration of wildlife health into One Health policy will be critical in better preparing Australia and other countries in their efforts to recognize and manage the adverse impacts of zoonotic diseases on human health. Animal and human health practitioners are encouraged to consider wildlife in their day to day activities and to learn more about Australia’s system and how they can become more involved by visiting www.wildlifeheathaustralia.com.au.
3D Space Syntax Analysis: Attributes to Be Applied in Landscape Architecture Projects
Authors: Ascensão António , Costa Laura , Fernandes Cláudia , Morais Franklim , Ruivo Catarina
Published: February 2019

The article delves into the potential application of space syntax methodology to landscape architecture. Anticipating the complexity of the landscape architectural design process, the use of 3D space syntax analysis made it possible to better understand the relations between urban space shapes and their functions. The application of an iterative process of project improvement optimizes the fulfilment of the landscape architect vision, through changes in ground shaping, selection of tree species and their spatial distribution. This article explores the vegetation attributes of vegetation that are necessary to consider in landscape architecture projects in the context of the DepthSpace 3D software, using the case study of an urban park in Maia—Portugal. To achieve this, it was necessary to define the attributes to be inserted in the software. The main attributes of vegetation that can be employed in landscape architecture projects are form and dimension, growth speed, and visual permeability (opacity) of the crown in winter and summer. The software proved itself a useful tool, not only in studying and evaluating the effects of the final design, but also during project development.
RECTIFIER TRANSFORMERS IN ELECTRIC TRACTION SUBSTATIONS ‐ DIFFERENT DESIGNS
Authors: Kulesz Barbara
Published: February 2019

Electric traction in Poland is supplied with dc voltage which is obtained from the power grid via traction substations equipped with transformers and rectifiers. The paper gives the results of the investigation of different designs of these transformer‐rectfier sets ‐ namely, 12‐ and 24‐pulse systems. The comparison of electrical quantities such as ripple content, harmonic content of supply current and output voltage and utilisation of transformer secondary windings is provided.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE BRAKING PROCESS OF AUTOMOBILES
Authors: Sokolovskij Edgar
Published: February 2019

The present article depicts the results of investigation of the braking parameters of automobiles equipped with ABS and without ABS. The values of the automobile deceleration, the increase of the deceleration time and the time of disbraking while braking on a dry asphalt‐concrete surface which was fixed in the course of the experimental investigation are presented. The dependence of deceleration of automobiles equipped with ABS and without ABS upon the primary driving speed is reflected and substantiated. The results of the investigation of braking of automobiles equipped with ABS and without ABS under winter conditions, i.e. on ice and snow are presented.
ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Authors: Išoraite Margarita
Published: February 2019

The article analyses the following issues: 1) key performance indicators, 2) best value indicators, 3) performance indicators and the change process, 4) transport programme indicators inputs, outputs, results and impacts, 5) indicators of effectiveness, efficiency and performance, 6) overcoming of the problems of using indicators, 7) criteria of the establishment of performance indicator system.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INTERACTION OF AN AUTOMOBILE WHEEL WITH A VERTICAL OBSTACLE
Authors: Sokolovskij Edgar
Published: February 2019

Collision of automobile wheels with a vertical obstacle as a result of which the wheel tire gets dismantled is considered in the present article. The required force and the minimal speed of driving which is equivalent to the expenditures of the kinetic energy necessary for dismantling of the tire from the wheel rim after the collision with an obstacle are ascertained. The values of this force and speed typical of automobiles attributed to different classes, their dependence upon the height of the obstacle and the angle of collision with the obstacle are fixed. A more precise method for the calculation of the automobile speed prior to the traffic accident taking into consideration the expenditures of the kinetic energy necessary for dismantling of the wheel after the occurrence of its collision with a vertical obstacle is suggested.
APPLIED GIS SOFTWARE FOR IMPROVING PEDESTRIAN amp;BICYCLE SAFETY
Authors: Ziari Hasan , Khabiri Mohammed M.
Published: February 2019

People are important in towns. They are the foundation of the social and economic processes that drive the urban system and sustain the urban fabric. While people spend much of their time inside buildings ‐ at home, at work, and at play ‐ it is the movement of people, whether in vehicles or on foot, that is indicative of the vibrancy of the town. Comfort and safety are important for people movement.

The crash data in cities, provinces started with the Traffic Organization of Inner Ministry looking at access management controls on functionally classified streets. Safety is a driving factor in access management and the crash reports are the best indicator of the lack of safe roads. This paper presents the development and findings of crash data from police reports and how they are being used in Geographic Information System (GIS). This tool generates a contour map identifying areas of high crash occurrence determined by crash density and clusters of crashes involving pedestrians or bicyclists. Summary statistics of the selected zones can be generated and displayed in a table or chart form.
DETERMINING TRAVEL CONDITIONS ON MOTORWAYS FOR AUTOMOBILE TRASPORT BASED ON THE CASE STUDY FOR LITHUANIAN HIGHWAYS
Authors: Petkevičius Kazys , Maskeliūnaitė Lijana , Sivilevičius Henrikas
Published: February 2019

In Lithuania, the efforts are made to ensure the conditions of safe, comfortable and fast passenger and freight transportation on Lithuanian roads, satisfying geometric characteristics of their particular categories and the specified requirements to their pavement. The considered characteristics of pavement include its roughness, strength and the admissible rut depth and destruction level. Rest and Service Areas (RSAs) are usually set up at the roadside. The paper presents a description of the conditions specified for the movement of motor vehicles on the major Lithuanian roads in the seasons of warm weather and a Classification Model (CM) of the required conditions. It also provides the results of the evaluation of actual Travel Conditions (TCs) on the main Lithuanian roads by using the developed model. The obtained results show that in 2016 on the considered highways were good and very good, except for road A9, where the TCs were satisfactory. It is demonstrated that the distances between RSAs comply with the recommended distances. It is also shown that roughness of pavement and strength of the Structure of the Pavement (SP) depend on the destruction level of pavement. The values of such pavement parameters as roughness, rut depth and destruction level, which should not be exceeded because they help to ensure either comfortable or good TCs on Lithuanian highways, are given. The suggested model of road TCs can be used for determining the quality of TCs on highways.
Cloud Atlas: Hubble Space Telescope Near-infrared Spectral Library of Brown Dwarfs, Planetary-mass Companions, and Hot Jupiters
Authors: Manjavacas Elena , Apai Dániel , Zhou Yifan , Lew Ben W. P. , Schneider Glenn , Metchev Stan , Miles-Páez Paulo A. , Radigan Jacqueline , Marley Mark S. , Cowan Nicolas , Karalidi Theodora , Burgasser Adam J. , Bedin Luigi R. , Lowrance Patrick J. , Kauffmann Parker
Published: February 2019

Bayesian atmospheric retrieval tools can place constraints on the properties of brown dwarfs' and hot Jupiters' atmospheres. To fully exploit these methods, high signal-to-noise spectral libraries with well-understood uncertainties are essential. We present a high signal-to-noise spectral library (1.10–1.69 μm) of the thermal emission of 76 brown dwarfs and hot Jupiters. All our spectra have been acquired with the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field Camera 3 instrument and its G141 grism. The near-infrared spectral types of these objects range from L4 to Y1. Eight of our targets have estimated masses below the deuterium-burning limit. We analyze the database to identify peculiar objects and/or multiple systems, concluding that this sample includes two very-low-surface-gravity objects and five intermediate-surface-gravity objects. In addition, spectral indices designed to search for composite-atmosphere brown dwarfs indicate that eight objects in our sample are strong candidates to have such atmospheres. None of these objects are overluminous, so their composite atmospheres are unlikely to be companion-induced artifacts. Five of the eight confirmed candidates have been reported as photometrically variable, suggesting that composite atmospheric indices are useful in identifying brown dwarfs with strongly heterogeneous cloud covers. We compare hot Jupiters and brown dwarfs in a near-infrared color–magnitude diagram. We confirm that the coldest hot Jupiters in our sample have spectra similar to mid-L dwarfs, and the hottest hot Jupiters have spectra similar to those of M-dwarfs. Our sample provides a uniform data set of a broad range of ultracool atmospheres, allowing large-scale comparative studies and providing an HST legacy spectral library.
Revisiting the Integrated Star Formation Law. I. Non-starbursting Galaxies
Authors: de los Reyes Mithi A. C. , Kennicutt Robert C.
Published: February 2019

We use new and updated gas- and dust-corrected star formation rate (SFR) surface densities to revisit the integrated star formation law for local “quiescent” spiral, dwarf, and low surface brightness galaxies. Using UV-based SFRs with individual IR-based dust corrections, we find that “normal” spiral galaxies alone define a tight

–ΣSFR relation described by an

power law with a dispersion of

(errors reflect fitting and statistical uncertainties). The SFR surface densities are only weakly correlated with H i surface densities alone, exhibiting a stronger and roughly linear correlation with H2 surface densities, similar to what is seen in spatially resolved measurements of disks. However, many dwarf galaxies lie below the star formation law defined by spirals, suggesting a low-density threshold in the integrated star formation law. We consider alternative scaling laws that better describe both spirals and dwarfs. Our improved measurement precision also allows us to determine that much of the scatter in the star formation law is intrinsic, and we search for correlations between this intrinsic scatter and secondary physical parameters. We find that dwarf galaxies exhibit second-order correlations with the total gas fraction, stellar mass surface density, and dynamical time, which may explain much of the scatter in the star formation law. Finally, we discuss various systematic uncertainties that should be kept in mind when interpreting any study of the star formation law, particularly the X(CO) conversion factor and the diameter chosen to define the star-forming disk in a galaxy.
The Zeeman Effect in the 44 GHz Class I Methanol (CH3OH) Maser Line toward DR21W
Authors: Momjian E. , Sarma A. P.
Published: February 2019

We report the detection of the Zeeman effect in the 44 GHz Class I methanol maser line toward the high-mass star-forming region DR21W. There are two prominent maser spots in DR21W at the ends of a northwest–southeast linear arrangement. For the maser at the northwestern end (maser A), we fit three Gaussian components. In the strongest component, we obtain a significant Zeeman detection, with zB
los = −23.4 ± 3.2 Hz. If we use z = −0.920 Hz mG−1 for the F = 5 → 4 hyperfine transition, this corresponds to a magnetic field,

; B
los would be higher if a different hyperfine were responsible for the 44 GHz maser, but our results also rule out some hyperfines, as fields in these regions cannot be hundreds of mG. Class I methanol masers form in outflows where shocks compress magnetic fields in proportion to gas density. Designating our detected B
los = 25 mG as the magnetic field in the postshock gas, we find that B
los in the preshock gas should be 0.1–0.8 mG. Although there are no thermal line Zeeman detections toward DR21W, such values are in good agreement with Zeeman measurements in the CN thermal line of 0.36 and 0.71 mG about 3.′5 away in DR21(OH) in gas of comparable density to the preshock gas density in DR21W. Comparison of our derived magnetic energy density with the kinetic energy density in DR21W indicates that magnetic fields likely play a significant role in shaping the dynamics of the postshocked gas in DR21W.
On the Broadband Synchrotron Spectra of Pulsar Wind Nebulae
Authors: Xu Siyao , Klingler Noel , Kargaltsev Oleg , Zhang Bing
Published: February 2019

As shown by broadband observations, pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are characterized by a broken power-law spectrum of synchrotron emission. Based on modern magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence theories, we investigate the reacceleration of electrons in the PWN through the adiabatic stochastic acceleration (ASA), which arises from fundamental dynamics of MHD turbulence. The ASA acts to flatten the injected energy spectrum of electrons at low energies, while synchrotron cooling results in a steep spectrum of electrons at high energies. Their dominance in different energy ranges leads to a flat radio spectrum (F

ν
) and a steep X-ray spectrum. Our analytical spectral shapes generally agree well with the observed synchrotron spectra of radio- and X-ray-bright PWNe. The spectral break corresponding to the balance between the ASA and synchrotron losses provides a constraint on the acceleration timescale of the ASA and the magnetic field strength in the PWN.
Energy Release from Magnetospheres Deformed by Gravitational Waves
Authors: Li Huiquan , Wang Jiancheng
Published: February 2019

In this work, we consider the possibility of energy release in pulsar magnetospheres deformed by gravitational waves (GWs) from nearby sources. The strong electromagnetic fields in the magnetospheres may release non-negligible energy despite the weakness of the GW. When the background spacetime is perturbed due to the passage of a GW, the original force-free state of the inner magnetosphere will be slightly violated. The plasma-filled magnetosphere tends to evolve into new force-free states as the spacetime varies with time. During this process, a small portion of the electromagnetic energy stored in the magnetosphere will be released to the acceleration of charged particles along the magnetic field lines. When the pulsar is close enough to the GW source (e.g.,

pc to the GW sources observed recently), the resulting energy loss rate is comparable with the radio luminosity of the pulsar. It is also noticed that, under very stringent conditions (for magnetars with much shorter distance to the sources), the released energy can reach the typical energy observed from fast radio bursts.
COLDz: Shape of the CO Luminosity Function at High Redshift and the Cold Gas History of the Universe
Authors: Riechers Dominik A. , Pavesi Riccardo , Sharon Chelsea E. , Hodge Jacqueline A. , Decarli Roberto , Walter Fabian , Carilli Christopher L. , Aravena Manuel , da Cunha Elisabete , Daddi Emanuele , Dickinson Mark , Smail Ian , Capak Peter L. , Ivison Rob J. , Sargent Mark , Scoville Nicholas Z. , Wagg Jeff
Published: February 2019

We report the first detailed measurement of the shape of the CO luminosity function at high redshift, based on >320 hr of the NSF’s Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations over an area of ∼60 arcmin2 taken as part of the CO Luminosity Density at High Redshift (COLDz) survey. COLDz “blindly” selects galaxies based on their cold gas content through CO(J = 1 → 0) emission at z ∼ 2–3 and CO(J = 2 → 1) at z ∼ 5–7 down to a CO luminosity limit of log(

/K km s−1 pc2) ≃ 9.5. We find that the characteristic luminosity and bright end of the CO luminosity function are substantially higher than predicted by semi-analytical models, but consistent with empirical estimates based on the infrared luminosity function at z ∼ 2. We also present the currently most reliable measurement of the cosmic density of cold gas in galaxies at early epochs, i.e., the cold gas history of the universe, as determined over a large cosmic volume of ∼375,000 Mpc3. Our measurements are in agreement with an increase of the cold gas density from z ∼ 0 to z ∼ 2–3, followed by a possible decline toward z ∼ 5–7. These findings are consistent with recent surveys based on higher-J CO line measurements, upon which COLDz improves in terms of statistical uncertainties by probing ∼50–100 times larger areas and in the reliability of total gas mass estimates by probing the low-J CO lines accessible to the VLA. Our results thus appear to suggest that the cosmic star formation rate density follows an increased cold molecular gas content in galaxies toward its peak about 10 billion years ago, and that its decline toward the earliest epochs is likely related to a lower overall amount of cold molecular gas (as traced by CO) bound in galaxies toward the first billion years after the Big Bang.
ALMA Detection of Extreme Blueshifted Ionized Gas within 0.2 pc of Sgr A* from −480 to −300 km s−1
Authors: Royster M. J. , Yusef-Zadeh F. , Wardle M. , Kunneriath D. , Cotton W. , Roberts D. A.
Published: February 2019

We have used the capabilities of the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array to probe the ionized gas toward the Galactic center with the H30α mm hydrogen recombination line within 30″ of the Galaxy’s dynamical center. The observations are made with spatial and spectral resolutions of 0.″46 × 0.″35 and 3 km s−1, respectively. Multiple compact and extended sources are detected in the minicavity region with extreme negative radial velocities ranging from −480 to −300 km s−1 2″–3″ (0.08–0.12 pc) from Sgr A*. These are the highest radial velocities of ionized gas detected beyond the inner 1″ of Sgr A*. This new component is kinematically isolated from the orbiting ionized gas. The detected gas has a velocity gradient ranging from −50 to −200 km s−1 arcsec−1 located to the southwest of Sgr A* at a position angle of ∼−160°. Previous proper-motion measurements in the immediate vicinity of these extreme high-velocity ionized components have been made, and they show transverse velocities that range from 313 to 865 km s−1. If we assume that they are associated with one another, then the total velocity implies these components are gravitationally unbound. In addition, we report the kinematics of cometary radio and infrared sources. These sources are diagonally distributed with a position angle of ∼50° within 14″ of Sgr A*. We interpret the highly blueshifted features to the southwest where the minicavity is located, and the redshifted cometary sources to the northeast in terms of the interaction of a collimated outflow with an opening angle of ∼30°. An expected mass outflow rate of 2 × 10−7 or 4 × 10−5
M
⊙ yr−1 is estimated by a relativistic jet-driven outflow or collimated stellar winds, respectively.
M-subdwarf Research. I. Identification, Modified Classification System, and Sample Construction
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Luo A-Li , Comte Georges , Gizis John E. , Wang Rui , Li Yinbi , Qin Li , Kong Xiao , Bai Yu , Yi Zhenping
Published: February 2019

We propose a revision of the system developed by Lépine et al. for spectroscopic M-subdwarf classification. Based on an analysis of subdwarf spectra and templates from Savcheva et al., we show that the CaH1 feature originally proposed by Gizis is important in selecting reliable cool subdwarf spectra. This index should be used in combination with the [TiO5, CaH2+CaH3] relation provided by Lépine et al. to avoid misclassification results. In the new system, the dwarf–subdwarf separators are first derived from a sample of more than 80,000 M dwarfs and a “labeled” subdwarf subsample, and these objects are all visually identified from their optical spectra. Based on these two samples, we refit the initial [TiO5, CaH1] relation and propose a new [CaOH, CaH1] relation supplementing the [TiO5, CaH1] relation to reduce the impact of uncertainty in flux calibration on classification accuracy. In addition, we recalibrate the ζ
TiO/CaH parameter defined in Lépine et al. to enable its successful application to Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) spectra. Using this new system, we select candidates from LAMOST Data Release 4 and finally identify a set of 2791 new M-subdwarf stars, covering the spectral sequence from type M0 to M7. This sample contains a large number of objects located at low Galactic latitudes, especially in the Galactic anti-center direction, expanding beyond previously published halo- and thick disk-dominated samples. Besides, we detect magnetic activity in 141 objects. We present a catalog for this M-subdwarf sample, including radial velocities, spectral indices and errors, and activity flags, with a compilation of external data (photometric and Gaia Data Release 2 astrometric parameters). The catalog is provided online, and the spectra can be retrieved from the LAMOST Data Release web portal.
Long-lasting undetected neurocysticercosis
Authors: Kostić Aleksandar , Vidović Nataša , Miladinović-Tasić Nataša , Kostić Jovana , Nikolov Vesna , Stojanović Nebojša , Pavlović Miljana
Published: February 2019

Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease of the nervous system, nevertheless, it can remain undetected for a long period of time, especially if it occurs in non endemic areas and regions with low-endemicity. Inadequate diagnostic procedures and lack of clinician’s dedication towards this health issue can lead to a missed diagnose.

Herein, we present a case of a 51-year-old male, with a missed diagnosis of neurocysticercosis for more than two decades. A history of epilepsy had started twenty-one years earlier and was of unclear etiology. Recently, after neurological worsening and headaches, brain computed tomography and magnet resonance imaging was performed as well as Western blot immunoassay of serum and cerebrospinal fluid, surgery, and pathohistological examination of the extracted cysts. Neurocysticercosis was confirmed. Combined therapy that consisted of albendazole and prednisolone was administered for a period of four weeks. Also, antiepileptic therapy was continued. Both clinical status and brain imaging showed the apparent improvement in the patient’s condition.

Review of the literature was implemented in the discussion that deals with proper and adequate therapy option and outcome factors in neurocysticercosis patients. Over a long period of time, the majority of patients develop seizures as the most common symptom, which requires the administration of medications. Proper diagnostic procedures and adequate combination of surgery and conservative treatment areessential.
Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Lebanon
Authors: Ibrahim Jose Noel , Eghnatios Elias , El Roz Ali , Fardoun Taher , Ghssein Ghassan
Published: February 2019

Introduction: The rapid increase in Campylobacter strains resistant to antibiotics represents a major problem for public health. In Lebanon, campylobacteriosis is underdiagnosed since bacteria detection in stool samples is not performed routinely. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, sources and routes of transmission, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter spp. in Lebanon.

Methodology: Stool samples collected from 1000 Lebanese patients with diarrhea, and 150 meat samples taken from supermarkets and slaughterhouses were subjected to Campylobacter detection. Colonies were identified by Gram staining, oxidase and catalase activities. They were then differentiated at the species level by hippurate test and PCR. Susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. to antibiotics was studied by the disc diffusion standard method.

Results: Campylobacter spp. were detected in 21.5% of stool samples; the main isolated species being C. jejuni (83.2%) and C. coli (13.9%). The highest Campylobacter infection rates were detected among children (41.8%) and during summer (31.6%). Consumption of contaminated meat and salads, and contact with animals represented the major risk factors for campylobacteriosis, with poultry carcasses and bovine cuts identified as the main bacteria reservoirs. Neither demographic determinants nor season had a major effect on the prevalence of campylobacteriosis. Erythromycin was the most active agent against Campylobacter spp. A multi-resistance rate was observed in 35.9% of isolates.

Conclusions: Campylobacteriosis is a major public health concern in Lebanon. Bacteria detection in stool culture should be performed routinely to allow an early diagnosis and a better monitoring of the disease and its burden.
Identifying thresholds and ceilings in plant community recovery for optimal management of widespread weeds
Authors: Panetta F. Dane , O’Loughlin Luke S. , Gooden Ben
Published: February 2019

A substantial body of work underlies the theory and practice of early intervention in the management of invasive alien plants, but less attention has been paid to the strategic management of widespread weeds, especially in the context of natural asset recovery. The assumption lingers amongst some researchers and land managers that removing weeds will automatically lead to positive biodiversity outcomes, with the more weed removed, the better the outcome. However, this is often not the case, particularly for long-established weed species whose dominance has created impoverished communities with little capacity for passive recovery. A common result may be wasted investment in weed control and, in the extreme, net negative impacts upon asset values. We present a conceptual model for the management of weed-impacted assets, plus guidance for its application, with a view to improving asset recovery practice. Weed removal should be calibrated by asset recovery, which may mean not seeking to completely remove a weed at a given spatial scale. Our model focusses on weed removal that is enough to initiate asset recovery, but not more than is necessary to promote maximum expression of asset resilience, particularly in the context of secondary invasions. Optimal management efficiency will involve a proportional allocation of resources to control, monitoring and revegetation activities that is appropriate to the stage of asset recovery, as well as a willingness to revise a management goal if the original one cannot be achieved within existing constraints on resources.
Adolescents problematic mobile phone use, Fear of Missing Out and family communication
Authors: Santana-Vega Lidia-E. , Gómez-Muñoz Ana-María , Feliciano-García Luis
Published: February 2019

This research analyzes the problematic use of mobile phone, the phenomenon of fear of missing Out (FoMO) and the communication between parents and children in students who attend secondary education in public and private centers of the regions of Canary Islands, Balearic Islands and Valencia. The research involved 569 students aged between 12 and 19 years. The instruments used were the «Mobil phone related experiences questionnaire», the Spanish adaptation of the «Fear of missing out questionnaire» and the communication dimension with parents of the «Parents and peers attachment inventory». The results show that: 1) An increased problematic use of the mobile phone is associated with a higher level of FoMO; 2) The students who frequently use the mobile phone and communicate more with their friends have a higher average score in the «Mobile phone related experiences questionnaire» and in the «Fear of missing out questionnaire»; 3) The students that use the mobile phone for less time has a greater communication with fathers and mothers. We discuss the relevance of the study of FoMO and parents-children communication as factors that affect the problematic use of mobile phone in young people. Centers’ guidance teams, families and teachers have to create a common learning space to promote the responsible use of mobile phone.

Este estudio analiza el uso problemático del móvil, el fenómeno de «Fear of missing out» (FoMO: temor de perderse experiencias o fobia a sentirse excluidos) y la comunicación entre padres e hijos/as en el alumnado que cursa educación secundaria en centros públicos y concertados de las Comunidades Autónomas de Canarias, Baleares y Valencia. En la investigación participaron 569 alumnos y alumnas con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 19 años. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario de experiencias relacionadas con el móvil (CERM), la adaptación española del Cuestionario «Fear of Missing Out» (FoMO-E) y la dimensión de comunicación con padres y madres del «Inventario de apego con padres y pares». Los resultados muestran que: 1) A mayor uso problemático del móvil mayor nivel de FoMO; 2) El alumnado que usa con frecuencia el móvil y se comunica más con sus amigos tiene una puntuación media más alta en el «Cuestionario de experiencias relacionadas con el móvil» y en el «Cuestionario FoMO-E»; 3) El alumnado que usa menos horas el móvil tiene una mayor comunicación parento-filial. En el artículo se discute la relevancia del estudio del FoMO y de la comunicación parento-filial como factores que inciden en el uso problemático del móvil en los jóvenes. Las familias, el profesorado y los equipos de orientación en los centros han de crear un espacio de aprendizaje común para fomentar el uso responsable del móvil.
Les rapports sur les dépenses fiscales des pays en développement : une évaluation
Authors: Kassim Lanre , Mansour Mario
Published: February 2019

Être en mesure d’estimer le coût des dépenses fiscales et comprendre leur importance en matière d’ajustement budgétaire par les recettes sont des compétences clés de la gestion macroéconomique, cette dernière étant susceptible d’occuper le centre des débats sur la capacité des pays en développement à mobiliser leurs ressources financières nationales pour atteindre leurs objectifs de développement durable. De même, la qualité des résultats d’une politique budgétaire dépend de la qualité des rapports sur les dépenses fiscales, qualité qui détermine en grande partie la fiabilité de ces publications comme outil analytique d’aide à la décision. Dans cette étude, nous examinons les rapports sur les dépenses fiscales de vingt-six pays en développement ou en transition, afin de déterminer s’ils mettent en évidence de bonnes pratiques, définies selon plusieurs critères clés. Si l’élaboration de ces rapports a connu une montée en puissance au cours des dernières décennies dans les pays en développement, la qualité de leur contenu demeure insatisfaisante dans plusieurs domaines. Pour exemple, environ 50 % seulement des pays de notre étude décrivent de manière assez détaillée leur régime fiscal de référence. Aucun pays (à l’exception de l’Uruguay) ne prend en compte le cadre temporel des dépenses fiscales (qui peuvent être permanentes ou temporaires). La publication de rapports sur ces dispositions fiscales dérogatoires est une obligation légale dans seulement dix-huit pays. Nombre de rapports sont incomplets quant au périmètre du régime fiscal de référence et aux critères abordés. Il est essentiel que les pays en développement améliorent la qualité et l’exhaustivité de leurs rapports sur les dépenses fiscales afin d’accroitre leur crédibilité dans l’élaboration de stratégies robustes de mobilisation des ressources publiques intérieures. Faute de quoi, ces rapports deviendront aussi volumineux qu’opaques, et ne présenteront que peu d’intérêt pour les citoyens. Pour finir, nous observons d’importants écarts entre les pays, qu’il s’agisse de la méthodologie employée, des données collectées ou des modalités d’établissement des rapports, de sorte que les comparaisons entre pays sont problématiques, si ce n’est illusoires.
A framework for evaluating the effectiveness of entrepreneurial teaching in higher education
Authors: Albertini Thérèse , Fabiani Thierry , Lameta Nathalie , Lima Marcos
Published: February 2019

Cet article examine les pratiques actuelles de l’Université de Corte (France) destinées à stimuler l’esprit d’entrepreneuriat chez ses étudiants. Basé sur des années d’expérience, l’article propose un cadre pour évaluer l’efficacité perçue des programmes entrepreneuriaux dans les établissements d’enseignement supérieur. Nous avons mené des entretiens qualitatifs avec des experts pour recueillir des évidences empiriques sur l’efficacité perçue des initiatives visant à développer l’esprit d’entreprise à l’université de Corte. Une analyse lexicale est appliquée pour comprendre certaines nuances du discours des interviewés. Les centaines de paragraphes de la transcription ont finalement été regroupés autour de quatorze facteurs clés pour former une typologie d’environnement entrepreneurial efficace. Ces facteurs ont servi de base à un sondage en ligne avec les principales parties prenantes. Sur la base de l’analyse conceptuelle et empirique, l’étude a trouvé trois facilitateurs stratégiques, huit facilitateurs pédagogiques et trois facilitateurs opérationnels pour développer efficacement l’intention entrepreneuriale chez les étudiants dans l’enseignement supérieur. Ces catalyseurs forment la base d’un cadre d’évaluation tridimensionnel pour étudier l’efficacité perçue des programmes d’entrepreneuriat. Classification JEL : I23, L26, I28
Retour sur le Project for the New American Century (1997-2006) et le « moment néoconservateur » post-Guerre froide
Authors: Bourgois Pierre
Published: February 2019

Il y a 20 ans naissait le Project for the New American Century, think tank néoconservateur controversé dont l’objectif principal fut la promotion du leadership américain dans le monde. Fondé en 1997, le PNAC joua ainsi un rôle important dans la diffusion des idées néoconservatrices « dernière génération », que l’on considère généralement comme responsables de la politique étrangère menée par George W. Bush et plus particulièrement, des interventions militaires menées en Afghanistan et en Irak. Le PNAC est dissous en 2006 dans un contexte de crise globale pour le néoconservatisme américain. La trajectoire de son remplaçant, le Foreign Policy Initiative (2009-2017), ne fait finalement que confirmer la perte d’audience plus générale de ce courant de pensée. Ainsi, le PNAC semble pleinement incarner le « moment néoconservateur » post-Guerre froide.
Déterminants de l’attractivité d’une destination œnotouristique
Authors: Vo Thanh Tan , Kirova Valentina
Published: February 2019

Compte tenu de la contribution grandissante de l’œnotourisme à l’économie mondiale, cette recherche a pour objectif d’étudier en profondeur les déterminants de l’attractivité d’une destination œnotouristique. Une vaste revue de la littérature permet de concevoir un cadre théorique intégratif qui conjugue à la fois les travaux sur le concept d’attractivité touristique et sur l’œnotourisme. La méthode Ahp ( Analytic Hierarchy Process ) est mobilisée pour évaluer l’importance relative de chacun des déterminants de l’attractivité œnotouristique. La contribution théorique principale de ce travail réside dans la proposition d’un cadre conceptuel qui prend en considération l’approche systémique en tourisme. Sur le plan managérial, les résultats clarifient les déterminants qui peuvent inciter les touristes à visiter une destination œnotouristique et qui par conséquent conditionnent son attractivité. L’importance relative de chacun de ces déterminants constitue un outil de décision pour les managers d’une destination œnotouristique. Classification JEL  : L83, M31
Les entretiens d’explicitation et de décryptage du sens : un accès privilégié aux logiques subjectives de développement professionnel en recherche comme en formation
Authors: Tardif Bourgoin Florence
Published: February 2019

Notre contribution propose d’envisager les entretiens d’explicitation (Vermersch, 1994) et de décryptage du sens (Faingold, 1998) parmi les approches théoriques en analyse de l’activité qui s’intéressent « à l’expérience subjective vécue en situation, c’est-à-dire à ce que les acteurs font et à la façon dont ils vivent ce qu’ils font » (Mouchet, 2016). Dans le prolongement d’une recherche doctorale dans laquelle nous avons mobilisé un dispositif articulant des entretiens d’explicitation et de décryptage du sens sur le terrain associatif de l’intervention sociale (Tardif-Bourgoin, 2017), nous proposons ici de repérer en quoi cet outil de recueil des verbalisations constitue un accès privilégié aux transformations qui affectent les professionnels du point de vue des logiques subjectives qui les animent.
N° 5 – Repérage des thèses traitant de la formation des adultes : étude des âges et des rattachements disciplinaires
Authors: Las Vergnas Olivier , Bury Patrick
Published: February 2019

Cet article est le cinquième de la rubrique dédiée à la recherche francophone sur la formation des adultes. Il est consacré aux caractéristiques des thèses récentes liées à ce champ. Après avoir complété la liste des 40 thèses soutenues en 2014-2015 (voir article n° 1 de la présente rubrique) par 42 autres soutenues en 2016-2017, il s’intéresse à leur adossement disciplinaire ainsi qu’à l’âge des doctorants. Ce travail confirme d’abord deux constats antérieurs : d’une part le fait qu’il n’est toujours pas possible de définir un contour précis à ce champ via des requêtes bibliométriques en raison du caractère désuet de l’appellation « éducation des adultes » encore employée dans l’indexation, d’autre part son caractère largement multidisciplinaire. Si l’on considère néanmoins que cette liste de thèses fournit une vision d’ensemble du noyau de la thématique, on peut tirer deux autres conclusions. La première concerne la spécificité des pyramides des âges des doctorants et jury (âgés de 18 ans de plus que la médiane de ceux de tous les autres champs de recherche confondus) ; la seconde porte sur les disciplines de rattachement (plus de la moitié en sciences de l’éducation et l’autre moitié très dispersées, avec quelques isolats dans lesquels les jurys sont spécifiques, comme les aspects langagiers). En revanche, les analyses lexicales temporelles se confirment toujours comme étant excessivement difficiles à conduire, au regard de la grande dispersion des centres d’intérêt et des vocabulaires, en lien avec l’absence catastrophique de thésaurus.