bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Care of Children With Cerebral/Cortical Visual Impairment: Clinical Report
Authors: Lehman Sharon S. , Yin Larry , Chang Melinda Y. ,   SECTION ON OPHTHALMOLOGY, Suh Donny Won , Yoo Sylvia , Dumitrescu Alina , Fredrick Douglas , Gise Ryan , Strominger Mitchell , Rubin Steven E. , Kodsi Sylvia R. , Bradford Geoffrey E. , Morse Christie L. , Lambert Jennifer , Riefe Jennifer G. ,   COUNCIL ON CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES; AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR PEDIATRIC OPHTHALMOLOGY AND STRABISMUS, AMERICAN ACADEMY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY; AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CERTIFIED ORTHOPTISTS, Noritz Garey , Agrawal Rishi , Bell Deanna , Foster Jessica E. A. , Fremion Ellen , Frierson Sheryl , Melicosta Michelle E. , Saunders Barbara S. , Srivastava Siddharth , Vargus-Adams Jilda , Zuckerman Katharine E. , Kuo Dennis Z. , Brosco Jeffrey P. , Weitzman Carol , Sadof Matthew , Ware Allysa , Yeargin-Allsopp Marshalyn
Published: November 2024

Cerebral/cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a leading cause of pediatric visual impairment in nations with developed economies and is increasing in those with developing economies. Because vision is the predominant sense used for learning, delay in diagnosis of CVI can negatively affect education, making early detection and management important. The American Academy of Pediatrics has published the policy statement “Visual System Assessment in Infants, Children, and Young Adults by Pediatricians” and an accompanying clinical report that are based on identifying potential causes of ocular visual impairment in children. Yet, routine vision screening may not accurately identify the brain-based visual impairment in children with CVI. Moreover, children with CVI often have medical complexity with other neurocognitive impairments and serious medical conditions that can make the diagnosis of CVI more difficult. Strategies are necessary for early identification of CVI to promote early diagnosis and referral for vision services that may allow a child with CVI to engage more fully in school, activities of daily living, vocational pursuits, and recreational activities. Knowledge of the characteristics of CVI as well as risk factors for CVI will assist the pediatrician in identifying children with CVI. This clinical report is complementary to previous vision screening policies, allowing both ocular and brain-based visual impairments in children to be identified and addressed. Pediatricians, other primary care physicians, pediatric ophthalmologists, neurologists, and other specialized pediatric eye care clinicians can identify children with CVI and coordinate effective evaluation, diagnosis, and referrals for vision services for these children.
Eye movements in oral reading by primary school students: The relevance of punctuation marks
Authors: De Souza Sauaia Vansiler Nair Daiane , Klein Angela Ines , Szmoski Romeu Miqueias
Published: November 2024

This study aims to explore the relevance of punctuation marks during oral reading. To achieve this objective, we compared eye movement metrics of two groups of 5th-year students, classified based on the Reading Fluency variable. The fluent reading group (FL) consisted of 27 participants, while 31 participants were in the poor reading fluent group (PF). All participants read three types of text: a simple text with punctuation, a complex text with punctuation and a simple text without punctuation. By analyzing the fixations and saccades, the data suggest that the complexity of the text influences the eye-tracking metrics of the PF group, but not the FL group. On the other hand, the presence of punctuation influence the reading behavior of the FL group, but not the PF group. These findings highlight the influence of punctuation and textual complexity on the dynamics of oral reading and offer valuable insights into how reading fluency is related to text comprehention.
Non-destructive investigations at Neolithic tell-centered settlement complexes on the Great Hungarian Plain
Authors: Győri János , Gyucha Attila , Szalma Bence , Szalma Elemér , Stibrányi Máté , Pethe Mihály , Fischl Klára P.
Published: November 2024

In Southeast Europe, recent years have witnessed a notable shift in scholarly focus related to prehistoric tell sites, expanding to encompass both their immediate surroundings and broader contexts. This shift has coincided with, and to a large extent has been generated by, significant methodological advancements in an array of non-invasive methods, including particularly magnetic prospection. This paper presents the methodology and results of an integrated set of non-destructive investigations conducted at Battonya-Parázs-tanya, a Middle/Late Neolithic settlement located in the southeastern part of the Great Hungarian Plain. In addition to various map sources, magnetometry, LiDAR, thermal and multispectral imaging, and surface survey were utilized at this tell-centered settlement complex to locate old excavation blocks and gain insights into settlement size, layout, and land use. Our data indicates that Battonya-Parázs-tanya spanned approximately 110 ha, with two primary ditches surrounding the tell and indications of a possible third enclosure, suggesting significant human alterations to the local landscape. This study underscores the importance of integrating multiple non-invasive techniques to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the organizational complexities of and variations in large Neolithic settlements, thereby shedding light on socio-cultural dynamics that shaped them.
T2Bacteria panel used simultaneously with blood cultures helps to determine the etiology of bloodstream infections
Authors: Peras Mislav , Kuliš Tomislav , Mareković Ivana
Published: November 2024

Bloodstream infections (BSI) result in significant morbidity and mortality rates, and delayed administration of appropriate antimicrobial treatment is a major predictor of poor outcomes. T2 magnetic resonance (T2MR®) (T2 Biosystems®, Lexington, MA, USA) is an innovative technology that can rapidly identify pathogens from a sample of whole blood in a remarkably short time frame of 3–5 h. We are evaluating if the T2Bacteria Panel (T2BP) contributes to the etiological diagnosis of bloodstream infections when combined with standard blood cultures (BC). The study was performed between December 2018 and March 2019, and a total of 28 patients with suspected BSI were included. The most notable finding of our study was that the addition of T2BP to BC in a diagnostic workflow led to a statistically significant higher rate of T2BP-targeted bacteria identification in patients with suspected BSI (46.4% versus 7.1%, P = 0.001) when compared to BC alone. Considering the measures of diagnostic accuracy, T2BP showed 100.00% sensitivity, 88.24% specificity, 100% negative predictive value (NPV), and 84.62% positive predictive value (PPV). Our findings give valuable insights for microbiologists and clinicians into this molecular method and its advantages in routine diagnostics of BSI.
Nocardia wallacei: A rare cause of actinomycetoma in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Chieosilapatham Panjit , Duangsonk Kwanjit , Kaweewan Issara , Tongjai Siripong , Kanthawang Thanat
Published: November 2024

Actinomycetoma, a neglected tropical disease affecting the skin and soft tissues, is primarily caused by filamentous bacteria including Nocardia species. Here, we report a healthy 56-year-old man who has a one-year history of nodular lesions with seropurulent discharge on his right knee. Despite negative initial tissue culture, the sulfur granules that were partially acid-fast and Gram-positive branching filamentous rods were revealed in the tissue section. Repeated investigation identified the rare pathogen Nocardia wallacei, using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing. The patient was successfully treated with a six-month course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

This report describes a rare case of actinomycetoma due to N. wallacei, highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and the importance of accurate pathogen identification for the successful management of infection. The current literature regarding the causative agent will also be discussed.
Critical Practices of Making Architecture and Writing History Across the Mediterranean
Authors: Kılınç Kıvanç , Salgirli Saygin
Published: November 2024

How can two different Mediterraneans be treated as one: both the temporal level of things that have been done and produced in the Mediterranean area as a lived space, and the temporal level of things that have been said and written about it—its scholarly re-imagination? The different approaches to researching, writing about, and practicing architecture in a physically concrete region that has been continuously reimagined in scholarly discourse have led to this Special Collection, titled ‘The Two Mediterraneans that Live Apart, Together: Making Architectures and Writing Histories’. Written both as a prologue and an epilogue to the four papers featured in this Special Collection, this editorial essay offers fresh perspectives on the region and its strong global connectivities throughout history. Together with the papers that it introduces, the editorial ventures into the ambiguously constructed yet curiously pervasive category of Mediterranean architecture, while attempting to dismantle the established categories and convictions that has hitherto defined it in Western scholarly discourse. Overall, the main goal is to present just a glimpse of how architectural and urban historians across the Mediterranean and/or of the Mediterranean dwell on the diverse local knowledges produced in each place and period, critically resituating the Mediterranean both as a ‘real’ and an ‘imagined’ sea of global interconnectedness.
Luto materno perinatal: quando um sonho vira saudade
Authors: Dumitru Gabriela Purkot , Camargo Alessandra , Cardoso Gabriella Fagundes , Kuss Ana Suy Sesarino
Published: November 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A mortalidade perinatal se refere ao óbito de um filho entre a 22ª semana de gestação e o 7º dia de vida ou quando o feto já possui ao menos 500g. Estes dados se referem a cerca de 15,5% dos nascimentos totais, o que leva a mortalidade perinatal a ser considerada uma questão de saúde pública. Evidencia-se a importância do respeito e cuidado com quem passa por esse evento, tanto por parte dos profissionais como da família e da sociedade no processo de luto. Nota-se a carência de material bibliográfico sobre o assunto. OBJETIVOS: Compreender as vivências maternas sobre a experiência do luto de seus bebês. Observar o suporte familiar e da equipe de saúde oferecido às mães enlutadas e entender o desenvolvimento de estratégias de enfrentamento. MÉTODO: Estudo qualitativo realizado com nove mulheres que passaram pela perda de um bebê no período perinatal. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e os relatos foram tabulados e organizados utilizando o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. RESULTADOS: As mulheres participantes dessa pesquisa relataram reações emocionais experienciadas no processo de luto e formas com as quais puderam retomar seus cotidianos, o que pode ser relacionado com o Modelo do Processo Dual de Luto. É relevante destacar que houve relatos de percepção de ausência de apoio por parte da equipe de saúde. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Foi valorizada na fala das entrevistadas a importância de viver o processo do luto, a ambivalência frente uma gravidez subsequente e a importância de recursos de enfrentamento.
Adolescent behavioural intentions: Secondary outcomes from a cluster randomized controlled trial of the Health4Life school-based lifestyle modification intervention
Authors: O’Dean Siobhan , Smout Scarlett , Sunderland Matthew , Slade Tim , Gardner Lauren A. , Chapman Cath , Thornton Louise , Osman Bridie , Hunter Emily , Egan Lyra , Teesson Maree , Newton Nicola C. , Champion Katrina E.
Published: November 2024

Intervention

Health4Life: a school-based eHealth intervention targeting multiple health behaviour change (MHBC).

Research question

Does Health4Life impact secondary outcomes of self-reported intentions regarding six lifestyle behaviours in adolescents (alcohol use, tobacco smoking, screentime, physical activity, discretionary beverage consumption, and sleep)?

Methods

We implemented a cluster randomized controlled trial within secondary schools across three Australian states. Schools were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either the Health4Life intervention, which consisted of a six-module, web-based program and accompanying smartphone app, or an active control (standard health education). Randomization was stratified by site and school gender composition (using Blockrand in R). All students aged 11–13 years who attended the participating schools and were fluent in English were eligible. Students completed self-report questionnaires at baseline, post-intervention, 12 months, and 24 months. Outcomes were intentions to try alcohol, try tobacco, reduce screentime, engage in physical activity on most or all days, swap discretionary beverages for water, and meet sleep guidelines. Mixed effects models estimated between-group differences in the outcomes over 24 months.

Results

Immediately post-intervention, Health4Life significantly reduced intentions to try alcohol and tobacco and increased intentions for longer sleep and reduced screentime compared to control. Intervention effects on screentime intentions persisted at 12 months but not at 24 months. No lasting effects were observed on intentions for physical activity or discretionary beverage consumption.

Conclusion

Health4Life shows promise in influencing adolescent intentions across various MHBC areas, especially immediately after intervention. However, further investigation is needed to sustain these intention changes beyond short term to facilitate behaviour change.
Türkiye coğrafyası özelinde uzaktan algılama takım uydu konfigürasyonunun maksimum tekrar ziyaret süresi ve sistem toplam maliyeti açısından çok amaçlı optimizasyonu
Authors: Tola Ceyhun , Mutlu Utku
Published: November 2024

Afet, savunma ve istihbarat konuları özelinde bir bölgedeki değişimi mümkün olduğunca kısa süre içerisinde tespit etmek kritik öneme sahip olduğundan, bu amaçla tasarlanan takım uydu sistemlerinin maksimum tekrar ziyaret süresini mümkün olduğunca azaltmak gerekir. Çalışma kapsamında, Türkiye coğrafyasını barındıran geniş bir bölgeden mümkün olduğunca kısa maksimum tekrar ziyaret süresinde veri toplayan ve mümkün olduğunca düşük toplam maliyete sahip bir Walker Delta takım uydu konfigürasyonunun çok amaçlı bir optimizasyon problemi kurgulanarak tasarlanması hedeflenmiştir. Takım uydu konfigürasyonlarını kurgulayarak maksimum tekrar ziyaret süresini Systems Tool Kit yazılımına parametrik olarak hesaplatmak amacıyla bir Matlab betiği oluşturulmuş ve bu betik ModeFrontier yazılımı içerisine entegre edilerek Çok Amaçlı Genetik Algoritma yöntemini kullanan bir optimizasyon döngüsü hazırlanmıştır. Optimizasyon sürecinde 6 farklı optimizasyon değişkeni kullanılmış olup bunlar: yörünge düzlem sayısı, bir yörünge düzleminde bulunan uydu sayısı, faz parametresi, yörünge eğikliği, yarı büyük eksen uzunluğu ve algılayıcı sensörün düşey yarı açısıdır. Optimizasyonun 4 amacı bulunmakta olup bunlar: toplam uydu sayısının, yörünge düzlem sayısının, algılayıcı sensörün düşey yarı açısının ve maksimum tekrar ziyaret süresinin minimize edilmesidir. Çalışma sonucunda, veri toplanmak istenen bölgede maksimum tekrar ziyaret süresinin 120 dakikanın altında kalması için toplam uydu sayısının en az 33, yörünge düzlem sayısının en az 11 ve algılayıcı sensörün düşey yarı açısının en az 15 derece olması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Optimizasyon sonucunda elde edilen pareto-optimal çözüm kümesi içerisinden hem toplam maliyet hem de maksimum tekrar ziyaret süresi bakımından tatmin edici sonuçlara sahip olan bir takım uydu konfigürasyonu seçilmiştir.
Öğrenci-danışman atama problemindeki farklı problem kurgularının öğrenci ve danışman memnuniyet düzeylerine etkisinin incelenmesi
Authors: Tabansız Göç Gülveren , Sebatlı Sağlam Aslı , Çavdur Fatih
Published: November 2024

Hem lisansüstü çalışmaların etkili bir şekilde yürütülebilmesi hem de lisansüstü programların genel başarısı için uygun öğrenci-danışman atamalarının yapılması kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Öğrenci-Danışman Atama (ÖDA) problemi için öğrenci ve danışman tercihlerine ek olarak; (i) danışman kapasitelerinin dikkate alınmadığı (ii) danışman kapasiteleri olarak bireysel danışman taleplerinin ve (iii) danışman kapasiteleri olarak ortalama danışman taleplerinin dikkate alındığı durum olmak üzere üç farklı problem kurgusu ele alınmıştır. Her bir problem kurgusunun çözümü için matematiksel programlama modelleri önerilmiştir. Önerilen yaklaşımın geçerliliğin test edilmesi amacıyla küçük ve büyük ölçekte olmak üzere iki farklı veri kümesi üretilmiştir. Bu veri kümeleri kullanılarak önerilen matematiksel programlar, öğrencilerin ve danışmanların tercihlerinin farklı ağırlıklandırma stratejileri için çözülmüştür. Farklı problem kurguları ve atama stratejileri için elde edilen öğrenci-danışman atamaları, öğrencilerin ve danışmanların memnuniyet düzeyleri cinsinden tanımlanan performans ölçütlerine göre analiz edilmiştir.
Survey on the Prevalence of Buruli Ulcer in Patients with Chronic Wounds in Pointe-Noire
Authors: Freddy Saturnin Pouki , Aubierge Victoire Kimpamboudi Matondo , Parode Ragive Takale , Constant Biocat , Rodiano Tcibinda , Siméon Nama , Steven Moukalath , Axelle Paquet , Jery Steve Ferole Boungou , Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba
Published: November 2024

Background & objective: Buruli Ulcer (BU) is a human skin infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, an environmental mycobacterium. This pathology is most prevalent in humid tropical regions, particularly near swampy or flood-prone areas. In Pointe-Noire, a coastal city in the Republic of Congo, Buruli ulcer is a health threat requiring ongoing surveillance and awareness-raising efforts to control its spread. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Buruli ulcers in patients consulting for chronic wounds in Pointe-Noire. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from June 10, 2023 to September 18, 2024. We recruited 69 patients with chronic wounds consulted at the Adolphe Sicé General Hospital, the Tié Tié Referral Hospital, and the Pointe Noire Operational Sector. Mycobacterium ulcerans was systematically detected using the qPCR technique targeting the M. ulcerans IS 2404 specific insertion element on swab samples. Results: 69 patients with suspected BU were enrolled, with 57% (39) male and 43% (30) female subjects. The mean age was 47.7 ± 18.5, ranging from 6 to 94 years, and the most represented age group was [30-60] (66.7%). The wounds observed in our patients were mainly ulcerative in 94.2% (65) and localized to the lower limbs in 97.1% (67). The overall prevalence of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection was 2.89%. The age group affected was < 15 years, with 01 positive male case and [30-60], with 1 positive female case. Conclusion: The study carried out in Pointe-Noire revealed a Buruli ulcer prevalence of 2.86% among the 69 patients with chronic wounds tested, with 02 positive cases.
Ultrasonic Velocities in some Metamorphic Rocks
Authors: Balakrishna S.
Published: November 2024

Sound velocities, both longitudinal and torsional, are measured in some metamorphic rocks by employmg the ultrasonic pulse method involving the phenomenon of total internal reflection. Their variation in these rocks with the grain size has been examined in detail. Velocities decrease with increasing grain size and in fact vary linearly. The effect of granular structure on the transmission of sound is also studied. The effect of temperature on the velocities of sound in metamorphic rocks in a range of 3°-110° c has been thoroughly investigated. An attempt has also been made to correlate the variation of velocities with the petrogenetic history of the rock.
Cross-Folding and En Echelon Folding in Precambrian Rocks of India and their Relation to Metallogenesis
Authors: Narayanaswami S.
Published: November 2024

Cross-folding in Precambrian rocks of India affects the earlier folds to varying degrees and has been classified into (a) cross-fold axes at right angles to earlier folds, (b) at an angle to earlier folds, (c) parallel to earlier folds, and (d) with reversals in plunge relations resulting in culminations and depressions. En echelon folding in Precambrian rocks of India is of simple type producing a zig-zag pattern in the interference of minor folds on the axial trend of major folds. Elliptical pattern of en echelon folding is uncommon in these rocks.

Various types and degree of cross-folds and en echelon folds are described drawing illustrations from (i) intensely folded and metamorphosed charnockitic regions of Madras, DharwaI' schist belts of Mysore, and Sausar-Gangpur-Iron-ore Series rocks of Madhya Pradesh, Bombay, Orissa, and Bihar, and also from (ii) less intensely folded and metamorphosed Cuddapah-Kurnool formations of Andhra. The plunge of cross-folds and en echelon folds have consistent relation to the differential shear couple.

Metalliferous ore deposits of both syngenetic and epigenetic origin in India show remarkable localization in regions of cross-folding and en echelon folding. The controls of these folds in localizing various types of ore deposits are described, including the plunge of folds and its relation to the pitch of ore bodies. Illustrations are drawn from (i) bedded and enriched iron and manganese-ore deposits of Bonai-Keonjhar, Bailadila, Mysore, Madhya Pradesh, Bombay and Andhra, (ii) magmatic chromite deposits of Mysore, (iii) gold-quartz veins of Kolar, Ramagiri and Gadag, (iv) copper deposits of Singhbhum, Kurnool and Guntur, and (v) pyrite deposits of Chitaldrug. The recognition and application of cross-fold and en echelon fold structures to evaluate structural control of ore deposits have great value in future mining exploration and development in India.
The Calc Zone of Pithoragarh, with Special Reference to the Occurrence of Stromatolites
Authors: Misra R. C. , Valdiya K. S.
Published: November 2024

The paper records the occurrence of stromatolitic structures, ascribed to the algal genus Collenia, from the dolomitic limestone of Pithoragarh, U. P. Overlying this limestone is an extensive band of magnesite. It is tentatively suggested that the magnesite deposit is the result of primary precipitation of magnesium carbonate, aided by the activity of algae.

The limestones, dolomitic limestones, shales and slates, including the stromatolite-lime. stone and magnesite beds constitute a distinct formation which may be designated as the Calc Zone of Pithoragarh. On the basis of lithology, stratigraphical position and the evidence of stromatolitic structure, this Calc Zone of Pithoragarh appears to be the equivalent of the Deoban limestone of the Chakrata area. It is not possible at this stage to state definitely, as to which specific geological period this zone belongs. It may, however, be stated with some confidence that it lies somewhere between Precambrian and early Ordovician.
Wollastonite Bearing Calc-Silicate Rocks of Tinnevelly District
Authors: Lakshmi Narayanaswami P.
Published: November 2024

The mineralogy and petrography of certain wollastonite bearing calc-silicate rocks from different localities in Tinnevelly district are described. These rocks occur as layers, lenses and stringers in gneisses. Wollastonite occurs as a general constituent of some of the calc-silicate bands and also near limestone and quartz vein contacts. Thin sections of these rocks displaying reaction textures indicate interaction between minerals and metasomatic changes during regional metamorphism. Detailed optical determinations of wollastonite and other calc-silicate minerals are presented. Wollastonite is abundant; the other minerals are clinopyroxene (Di90 He10), calcite, scapolite (Ma35 Me65), feldspar (chiefly micropertbite), garnet and sphene. Twinning parallel to elongation in wollastonite and zoning in pyroxene and scapolite are noteworthy. The formation of wollastonite may be attributed to high-grade regional metamorphism, and partly to reaction between limestones and intrusive quartz veins.
Ostracoda from the Early Tertiary Sediments of Pondicherry, South India
Authors: Rajagopalan N.
Published: November 2024

The early Tertiary sediments of Pondicherry, South India, have yielded a new Ostracode fauna. A new genus, Neocytheridea (type species: Neocytheridea inflata Rajagopalan) and six new species are described: Hermanites pondicherriensis, Actinocythereis indica, Cythereis anastomosa, Cythereis tamulicus, Schizocythere? Levinsoni and Neocytheridea inflata.
Effect of Uplift and Structure on Drainage in the Southern Part of Cuddapah Basin
Authors: Vaidyanadhan R.
Published: November 2024

A study of the nature of the basal sediments of the Cuddapah System and their position in space with respect to the Archaeans has resulted in the understanding of the probable original extent of the Cuddapah sea in the south, and the uplift which the southern part of the basin might have experienced. It is suggested that the faults along the Archaean-Cuddapah boundary in the south and south-west, and some within the basin affecting the Lower Cuddapah rocks, are due to these gradual uplifts of the south-eastern part of the basin, which range in time from post-Lower Cuddapah to pre-Tertiary.

Evidences are adduced to show that the pattern of major river development in the southern part of the basin is not due to either transverse subsequent drainage, or progressive piracy or antecedence, but is due to superposition (or superimposition) on a structural plain of the Kurnools, about 3,000 feet above mean sea level, over the south-western part of the basin and gradual lowering of the rivers since Tertiary times. The effect on the rivers due to oscillations of sea level during the Pleistocene is also shown.
Coal - A Palyno-Petrographic Approach
Authors: Navale G. K. B.
Published: November 2024

As the very title of the paper indicates, the two aspects of Coal viz., palynology and petrography are necessary for a complete study. It is known that there exists an intimate genetic relationship between the microfossils and petrographic components of coal. No serious attempt however has so far been made for an integrated palynopetrographic study which can resolve the complex nature of coal. In this paper some methods for the study of microfossil and maceral components of coal, their association and utility from the point of view of the present approach are briefly described; and these help us in understanding the complex nature of coal.
Recognition and Correlation of Erosion Surfaces In and Around the Southern Part of Cuddapah Basin
Authors: Vaidyanadhan R.
Published: November 2024

A study of the morphological features in and around the southern part of the Cuddapah Basin brought to light for the first time the existence of erosion surfaces in this area. Two methods were adopted in an attempt to arrive at quantitative data on these, namely (i) collection of data on summit heights (about 1800 in number) over an area of about 8000 sq. miles and (ii) construction of a large scale laboratory model covering an area of about 13500 sq. miles showing 30 north-south profiles taken from 60 one-inch toposheets. As erosion surfaces usually extend across different geological horizons, the study was made to cover both the southern part of the Cuddapah Basin and the Archaeans to the west and south of it.

On the basis of the above studies substantiated by field observations, it is concluded that there are two major erosion surfaces, one around 3000-2700 feet and the other around 2000-1600 feet above mean sea level in this area both having a gentle inclination due north and north-east. The erosion surfaces seem to have been arched along an east-west axis south of the basin. The two surfaces are correlated with two others already suggested in the former Mysore State. The age of the higher surface is considered to be post-Miocene.
The Geomorphology of the Country around Sagar and Katangi, M. P: - An Example of Superimposed Drainage
Authors: West W. D. , Choubey V. D.
Published: November 2024

A study of the geomorphology of the country around Sagar and Katangi, M. P. has led to the conclusion that the present drainage, originating on a plateau of Deccan Trap lavas which once covered the whole area, has been superimposed on the underlying Vindhyan rocks. Around Sagar, with the partial removal of the Trap, a mature topography of hills and valleys carved out of horizontal Vindhyans has been resurrected. As a result the new drainage pattern bears little relation to this pre-Deccan Trap topography. The more powerful streams continued to erode in the courses they were following on the Deccan Trap, cutting gorges through Vindhyan hills; but the weaker streams appear to be adapting their courses to the old Vindhyan topography.

To the south-east of Sagar, along the south-eastern margin of the Vindhyan basin, the Vindhyan rocks have been considerably disturbed. A flat, elongated dome has been developed around Jabera, while further south-east sharp folding and faulting have produced long, steeply dipping ridges of Vindhyan, adjacent to the older Bijawar massif. Here also the Deccan Trap drainage is now seen superimposed on the Vindhyans, but there has also been a tendency to develop a radial drainage in the area of the dome, which has been carved into a basin.

The origin of typical Deccan Trap scenery, with its horizontal platforms and retreating scarp slopes, is discussed, as also the origin of the waterfall at Rahatgarh.

The time of uplift of the Vindhyan rocks, and the period of their folding and denudation in the Jabera-Katangi region, are also briefly alluded to.
Palaeogene Ostracoda of the Family Cytherellidae from Subsurface Samples of Cambay, Gujarat State Western India
Authors: Guha D. K.
Published: November 2024

Ten species of Ostracoda of the family Cytherellidae are recorded and figured from Middle to Upper Eocene and Oligocene of the wells drilled on Cambay structure. Three species are described as new.
Rock Type Approach to the Problem of Correlation by Heavy Mineral Assemblages
Authors: Gundu Rao C.
Published: November 2024

Stratigraphic variability of sedimentary sequences is nothing but variation in the magnitude of development of sedimentary systems and their co-existing phases in space and time. An experiment, organized to investigate the differences in the proportion of heavy minerals between two co-existing phases of a system has shown that there are significant differences in the heavy mineral proportions between the two phases. Consequences of this, in accepted sampling plans for correlation by heavy minerals, are discussed.
'Pressure Shadows' in Daling Phyllite'
Authors: Karunakaran C. , Roy Subimal Sinha
Published: November 2024

'Pressure shadows' developed at the fringes of porphyroclasts of quartz, feldspar and rock fragments in gritty phyllite of Daling series, have been described in detail. Besides quartz, the 'pressure shadows' contain some secondary chlorite. They show a marked dimensional orientation and grain size variation vis-a-vis the distance from the controlling face. The mode of origin is suggested in the light of Riecke's principle.
On the Ostracoda from Neogene of Andaman Islands
Authors: Guha D. K.
Published: November 2024

An interesting assemblage of Ostracoda is recorded from the Archipelago series exposed in Interview island and Guitar island of Andamans. Thirty-two species belonging to twentyone genera are described of which one species Paracytherideaandamanensis is new. Most of the species were earlier recorded from Mia-Pliocene, Pleistocene and Recent of Manila (Phillipines), Malay, Sumatra, Java and New Zealand.
The Nomenclature and Classification of Granulites and Related Rocks of Mont Tremblant Park, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Katz Michael B.
Published: November 2024

The nomenclature of the granulites which are the characteristic rocks of many granulite facies terrains is reviewed. The granulites which are defined in the classical sense are found in two distinct geological settings. In the high-grade metamorphic terrains of the Precambrian shields, the granulites occur associated with large anorthosite bodies as in the case of Mont Tremblant Park, Quebec, Canada. Also granulites are found in cores of old orogens here associated with rocks of eclogitic affinities. A simple classification of granulites consists of two prinicipal groups; quartzo-feldspathic and hypersthene granulites.
Tectonic History of the Area East of Khammam, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Janardan Rao Y. , Raju Ch. Sudarsana
Published: November 2024

East of Khammam town in Andhra Pradesh, the Precambrian rocks are classified into three distinct lithological groups as (a) Peninsular Granites (b) Pakhals and (c) Gncissic Complex. Detailed structural studies on foliation, lineation, joints, folds, trends of dykes, basic enclaves, pegmatite and quartz veins of these groups show that the Peninsular Granite area with its NNW trend is structurally quite distinct from the remaining area which shows NW as well as NE trends. Mineralogical variation diagrams drawn for acid granulites, as a part of the quantitative petrological studies, show that the emplacement of these granulites has been structurally controlled by NE trend. Petrological studies in the Gneissic Complex show increasing grade of metamorphism roughly from northwest to southeast. It is concluded that the area in general is affected by two phases of disturbance, one, Dharwarian and another, late' Eastern Ghat' orogeny. It is also suggested that the demarcation line between 'charnockitic region' and 'non-charnockitic region' of Fermor should pass through the contact between Peninsular Granites and Pakhals.
On the Krol Nappe Hypothesis
Authors: Ranga Rao A.
Published: November 2024

Geological mapping by the author in parts of Garhwal and Punjab Himalaya, in the areas between Nayar and Sutlej rivers in the south, and between Bhagirathi and Sutlej rivers in the north, revealed that the Krol belt rocks are autochthonous sediments deposited on a floor of Simla slate - Deoban group, and are not allochthonous as interpreted by Auden. The various field evidences in support of this view are cited.
On a New Species of Sivaplthecus from the Siwalik Rocks of India
Authors: Pandey J. , Sastri V. V.
Published: November 2024

A new species of Sivapithecus Pilgrim, designated as Sivapithecus lewisi, has been described. The species has been based on the study of a broken right ramus collected from the? Nagri horizon of the Siwaliks. This species is characterised by a very massive and deep mandible, exceptionally large teeth and by the presence of a better defined external cingulum in the first lower molar. The holotype is believed to be the second largest specimen of fossil anthropoids so far reported from India, next to Sivapithecus (Dryopithecus) giganteus (Pilgrim).
Stromatolites of the Lesser Himalayan Carbonate Formations and the Vindhyans
Authors: Valdiya K. S.
Published: November 2024

A number of carbonate formations of the Lesser Himalaya and the Vindhyachal have been found to display widespread and prolific development of stromatolites. These are confined to definite stratigraphic horizons and exhibit no influence of facies changes. Time-controlled changes are clearly expressed in their morphology and the 'regular sequence of different forms over extensive areas suggests their evolutionary variation.

The Fawn Limestone of the Semri Series of Southern Mirzapur exhibits bioherms of Conophyton cylindricus and Collenia columnaris with C. kusiensis, characteristic forms of the Lower Riphean formations (older than 1260 m.y.) of U. S. S. R. The Bhander Limestone of the Upper Vindhyan, the Gangolihat Dolomites of the Calc Zone of Pithoragarh, the Lower Deoban Limestone of Dehra Dun District, the Lower Shali Limestone of Mahasu District and the Tundapatthar Limestone of Ambala District are characterized by Collenia baicalica, with C. cotumnaris, C. symmetrica and C. buriatica. These forms constitute typical Middle Riphean (1260 to 1000 m.y.) stromatolite-complex of U. S. S. R. The Thalkedar Limestones of Pithoragarh, the Upper Deobans and the Upper Shali Limestone contain what look like Jurusania of the Upper Riphean formations of the southern Urals in U. S. S. R. Kakarhatti and Naldera stromatolites seem to be of a still younger age.
Some Contributions to the Stratigraphy of the Upper Gondwana Formations of the Pranhita-Godavari Valley, Central India
Authors: Kutty T. S.
Published: November 2024

The Gangapur beds, believed to be the basal beds of the Upper Gondwana Kota formulation, are here shown to overlie the latter unconformably. This discovery, based on detailed mapping, clears up a long standing confusion, i.e. of a flora from the Gangapur beds judged to be later in age than the Kota fauna, but successionally preceding it. The Gangapur beds are hence removed from the Kota formation and are called here the Gangapur formation.

The base of the Kota formation is redefined on the basis of faunal and lithological evidence. A new, late Upper Triassic, fauna has been discovered below the Kota beds, which is quite different from the typical, early Upper Triassic, Maleri fauna and also from the Lower Jurassic Kota fauna. On this faunal basis as well as on stratigraphic grounds the erection of a new formation (here called the Dharmaram formation) is suggested, and the boundary of the Maleri and Dharmaram formations is defined.
Petrological Studies of Coals from East Bokaro Coalfield, Bihar
Authors: Bhattacharyya Ajit , Mukherjee Bankim
Published: November 2024

Coals from two major seams viz., Karo and Bermo seams, East Bokaro Coalfield, Bihar were washed in the laboratory at different specific gravity medium. Chemical and petrological analyses of unwashed coals and the washed fractions from these were undertaken. Reflectance measurements (by Seyler's method) were made on the vitrinites for the unwashed coals and for different Iloat fractions after washing. The clean coals show an improved assemblage of macerals and reflecting components from the point of view of their physical and coking properties. It is also noticed that at 1.50 to 1.55 specific gravity cuts, the floats show a good reduction in ash content and a definite concentration of vitrinite and reflecting components, responsible for developing better coking characters. It is further observed that the coals from bottom section of the Bermo seam is more amenable to cleaning than the coal from the top section.
A Study of Pebble Deformation in the Precambrian Rocks of Singhbhum District, Bihar
Authors: Mukhopadhyay D. , Bhattacharya S.
Published: November 2024

The deformed pebbles in the conglomerate show a large variation in the orientation of their longest axes as well as in the values of the axial ratios a' and b'. This has been interpreted as due to a nonspherical nature of the original pebbles. The effect of deformation has been separated from the effect of the original shape. It has been shown that a superficial analysis of the shape of deformed pebbles may give a wrong idea about the state of strain in the rocks, and the method by which the true amount of strain can be computed from dc:formed pebbles has been discussed.
Reconnaissance Rb-Sr Dating of the Precambrian Rocks of Southern Peninsular India
Authors: Crawford A. R.
Published: November 2024

Many new Rb-Sr age determination analyses are reported for the crystalline complex of southern Peninsular India. These are mostly total-rock ages, often isochrons.

Data are still insufficient for a reliable geochronology. Rocks of apparent ages ranging from over 3000 m.y. to 720 m.y. have been dated, and a lower Palaeozoic event reflected in mineral ages of about 500 m.y., known to have affected all Ceylon and much of the east coast of India, has been found as far north as Coimbatore.

The oldest rocks have been found in Kerala, the Nilgiri Hills and southern Mysore. One age of 2700 m.y. has been found in Kerala. The craton of Mysore-Hyderabad has an age of at least 2585 ± 40 m.y., which is the apparent age of the Peninsular Gneiss over a wide area. The age of the Dharwar System remains uncertain, although the lavas near Chitradurga give an isochron at 2345 ± 60 m.y. The Chitradurga Granite has an age between 2450 and 2400 m.y. The Closepet Granite presents difficulties arising from its poor definition, but contains components between 2400 and 2000 m.y. Rocks of about 2100 m.y. occur in Kerala and western Tamizhagam, and could be present in Mysore, where an event at this time is recorded by biotite. The Chamundi Hill Granite of Mysore city, and a granite from the Ramanathapuram District of Tamizhagam give 790 ± 60 and 720 m.y. respectively, suggesting the possibility of widespread if sporadic intrusion in the southern half of the region at about this time. There is no real evidence yet of any major reflection of the Vijayan retrogressive metamorphism of Ceylon at 1140 m.y., except possibly in the intrusion of the Sivamalai soda-syenite. However, the known mineral ages of about 1690, 1650 and 1150 m.y. along the west coast suggest repeated marginal mobility of the Mysore-Hyderabad craton otherwise stable since about 2000 m.y. though intruded repeatedly by several dyke suites not yet dated.

Much further sampling is needed, as well as the combination of several methods of dating. To facilitate this, modern geological and tectonic maps of medium scale are very desirable.
Microfossils from the Archaean Complex of Mysore
Authors: Sambe Gowda S. , Sreenivasa T. N.
Published: November 2024

The paper reports an assemblage of microfossils from the Guddadarangayanhalli Formation of the Chitaldrug Schist Belt. The organic fossils discovered are the oldest fossils from India and they are coming from an age group of 2000-1400 m.y. The assemblage consists of Sphaeromorphitae and Netromrophitae of the Group ACRITARCHA Evitt, and cuticular remains (Spongiophyton Kraeusel). Forms referable to Protoleiosphaeridium Timofeev, Leiosphaeridium Timofeev, Leiofusa Eisenack and Deunffia Downie and/or Bacisphaeridium Eisenack are identified. The scope for refining the stratigraphy of the Archaean Complex is pointed out.
Heavy Mineral Suites of the Jamkhandi Granites
Authors: Govinda Rajulu B. V. , Nagaraja H. R.
Published: November 2024

The heavy mineral assemblages of the Jamkhandi granites have been investigated, and their percentages and frequencies estimated. Based on these data, histograms and cumulative curves are prepared. Correlation between the Jamkhandi granites and the Cuddapah granites is also attempted. The heavy mineral suites indicate that the Jamkhandi granites have been contaminated, a conclusion confirmed otherwise by field studies.
Heavy Mineral Investigations in the Siwaliks of Mohand, District Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Sinha R. N.
Published: November 2024

The Mohand anticline located south of Dehra Dun (U.P.) exposes the middle and upper Siwaliks (Sarmatian to Cromarian). The lower Siwalik was encountered in a deep well, a little south of Mohand.

The middle and upper Siwalik sediments are classified into two (A and B) and three (C, D and E) groups respectively on the basis of heavy mineral suites. The suite of group A consists of garnet, tourmaline, epidote, staurolite, and kyanite besides minor quantities of sphene, rutile, chloritoid, and monazite, and fairly abundant ore minerals (magnetite, hematite, limonite, pyrite and chromite?). Kyanite is marker for group A. Addition of hornblende to the above assemblage marks the suite of group B, and that of hornblende and sillimanite, the suite of group C. The suite of group D is characterized by flooding of ore minerals,. impoverishment of nonopaque minerals, very low garnet and very rare kyanite, and rounded zircon as well as tourmaline. The suite of group E is comparatively richer than that of group D. It mainly consists of very low garnet, rare but persistent sillimanite and abundant kyanite.

The absence of mineral markers in older rocks e.g., that of sillimanite in middle Siwalik and kyanite in lower Siwalik does not seem to be a function of intrastratal solution effects. Alternatively, it is concluded that their appearance was due to uplift and successive unroofing of more metamorphosed rocks constituting the provenance.

The heavy mineral suite of Siwaliks exposed along the Himalayan foothills vary from area to area. The suite of lower Siwalik extending from Jammu to eastern Uttar Pradesh is characterised by presence of staurolite marker and is similar throughout and consitutes a terrigenous mineral super-province. The suite of middle Siwalik sediments varies from area to area and the diversities are ascribed to splitting of the super-province into three provinces extending from Jammu to the Yamuna river, the Yamuna river to the Ganga river, and the Ganga river to Mithawali fault. The mineral province extending from Jammu to the Yamuna river gave rise to two sub-provinces extending from Jammu to the Markanda river and the Markanda river to the Yamuna river during the deposition of upper Siwalik sediments. The respective provinces are delimited by faults presently occupied by the Markanda, Yamuna and Ganga river courses. Tectonic activities along these faults in relation to post-Miocene, Himalayan orogeny vis-a-vis evolution of Siwalik lithotypes requires detailed analyses and, together with the recognition as well as definition of provinces, appears a necessary prerequisite for attempting any regional correlation on the basis of heavy minerals.

The heavy mineral suites of Siwalik rocks exposed in Mohand Anticline are not wholly comparable to those of Jammu, Punjab and Tanakpur (U.P.).
Rare-Earths and Other Trace Elements in Uraninites
Authors: Sankaran A. V. , Bhattacharyya T. K. , Dar K. K.
Published: November 2024

Abundances of the lanthanides, yttrium, scandium and 12 other elements in pegmatitic and hydrothermal uraninites from India and Massif Central, France, are presented and compared with those available in literature. The pegmatitic uraninites exhibit a selective, and the hydrothermal types a complete rare-earth assemblage with Gd markedly high in both. The La-Nd: Sm-Ho: Er-Lu ratio may serve as an index of fractionation. Pegmatitic uraninites show an abnormal distribution of La in excess of Ce. An explanation is offered for this.