Mối liên hệ giữa sự quan tâm có điều kiện của mẹ với mức độ lo âu và trầm cảm của con cái [The relationships between maternal conditional regard with offsprings' anxiety and depressive symptoms among students]
Authors: Nguyen Quang Ngoc 
Published: February 2020

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu về mối liên hệ giữa sự quan tâm có điều kiện của mẹ với mức độ lo âu và trầm cảm của con cái cũng như một số biến số nhân khẩu khác. Mẫu nghiên cứu là mẫu thuận tiện bao gồm 416 sinh viên có độ tuổi trung bình là 20.36 với độ lệch chuẩn hóa là 1.30. Trong đó, nam chiếm 16.80% và nữ chiếm 83.20%. Các khách thể tham gia nghiên cứu bằng cách trả lời một bảng câu hỏi bao gồm các câu hỏi về đặc điểm nhân khẩu và các thang đo đánh giá nhận thức về sự quan tâm có điều kiện của mẹ, mức độ lo âu, và mức độ trầm cảm. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy sự quan tâm tiêu cực và tích cực có điều kiện của mẹ đều có tương quan thuận chiều có ý nghĩa thống kê ở mức độ trung bình với các triệu chứng lo âu và trầm cảm của con cái. Bên cạnh đó, phần trăm biến thiên của các triệu chứng lo âu và trầm cảm của con cái được giải thích bởi cả hai biến số sự quan tâm tích cực và tiêu cực có điều kiện của mẹ lần lượt là 28% và 20%. Trong đó, so với sự quan tâm tiêu cực có điều kiện, sự quan tâm tích cực có điều kiện có khả năng dự báo lớn hơn đối với mức độ lo âu và thấp hơn đối với mức độ trầm cảm. Nhất quán với những nghiên cứu trước đây, các kết quả này cho thấy ảnh hưởng tiêu cực của sự quan tâm có điều kiện đối với sức khỏe tinh thần của con cái. Cụ thể, trong khi sự quan tâm tiêu cực có điều kiện của mẹ có khả năng dẫn tới các triệu chứng lo âu và trầm cảm ở con cái thì sự quan tâm tích cực có điều kiện của mẹ lại đặt con cái vào tình trạng thường xuyên lo âu và dễ bị tổn thương tâm lý. Các kết quả này kêu gọi sự thay đổi nhận thức của cha mẹ trong việc sử dụng sự quan tâm hay tình yêu thương của mình như là một cách thức để thúc đẩy con cái thực hiện những hành vi được kỳ vọng. [The study was conducted to understand the relationship between maternal conditional regard and offsprings' anxiety and depression as well as a number of other demographic variables. The sample is a convenient one of 416 students whose average age is 20.36 with a standardized deviation of 1.30. In particular, males accounted for 16.80% and females accounted for 83.20%. Participants took part in the study by answering a questionnaire that included questions about demographic characteristics and the scale of perceptions of maternal conditional regard, anxiety and depression level. The analysis showed that mothers' conditional negative and positive regard were positively correlated with offsprings' anxiety and depressive symptoms. In addition, the variance of students' anxiety and depressive symptoms explained by both maternal conditional positive and negative regard were 28% and 20%, respectively. In particular, compared to conditionally negative regard, conditional positive regard had a greater predictability of anxiety and lower one of depression. Consistent with previous studies, these results showed the negative effects of conditional regard on offsprings' mental health. Specifically, while maternal conditional negative regard is likely to lead to symptoms of anxiety and depression in the offspring, the maternal positive conditional regardputs the children in a state of constant anxiety and psychological vulnerability. These results call for the change in parental awareness of adopting their attention and love as a way of motivating their children to behave according to their expectations.]