bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stable Regional and Global Alignment in Patients Treated With Minimally Invasive Lateral Retropleural Thoracic Diskectomy Without Fixation
Authors: Cho Steve S. , Farber S. Harrison , Zhou James J. , Alan Nima , O'Neill Luke K. , Giraldo Juan P. , Snyder Laura A. , Turner Jay D. , Uribe Juan S.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Thoracic disk herniations are challenging to treat, and open transthoracic or minimally invasive thoracoscopic approaches are associated with significant morbidity, substantial costs, and steep learning curves. The minimally invasive lateral retropleural thoracic diskectomy (MIS-LRP-TD) approach is straightforward and is associated with lower perioperative morbidity. With MIS-LRP-TD, the overlying rib, ipsilateral pedicle, ligamentum flavum, posterior longitudinal ligament, and posterior third of the adjacent vertebral bodies are resected. Adjunct fixation is typically not performed, eliminating hardware-related complications and costs. This radiographic study investigates long-term global and thoracic spine alignment after MIS-LRP-TD without fixation.

METHODS:

This study was a single-institution, retrospective evaluation of all patients who underwent MIS-LRP-TD without fixation between November 7, 2017 and July 19, 2022. Preoperative and the most recent postoperative radiographs were used to determine the C7 plumb line to central sacral vertical line, thoracic Cobb angle (TCA), segmental Cobb angle, C7 to sagittal vertical axis, thoracic kyphosis, and segmental kyphosis.

RESULTS:

In total, 22 patients with 24 disk herniations underwent MIS-LRP-TD without fixation. The mean (SD) radiographic follow-up was 12.9 (11.2) months. Overall, no significant differences were seen in C7 plumb line to central sacral vertical line (P = .65), C7 to sagittal vertical axis (P = .99), thoracic kyphosis (P = .30), TCA (P = .28), segmental kyphosis (P = .27), or segmental Cobb angle (P = .56) at follow-up. One patient demonstrated a >5° change in TCA but remained asymptomatic.

CONCLUSION:

Despite requiring extensive resection of the middle column and ipsilateral costovertebral joint at the index level, MIS-LRP-TD without adjunct fixation does not lead to significant global, regional, or segmental deformity. Thus, MIS-LRP-TD appears to be a safe, effective treatment approach for challenging thoracic disk herniations.
La angustia del origen
Authors: Teyssot Georges
Published: November 2023

La cuestión de los orígenes de/lenguaje arquitectónico se suscita en la posmodernidad interesada en las formas y el pensamiento de la antigüedad. La necesidad de procurar discursos de legitimación y conferir veracidad a los mecanismos de la producción de imágenes para la sociedad contemporánea habilita la arquitectura como lenguaje. La arquitectura se rige por el lenguaje, una ley de su propio orden que se identifica con el principio.
La ciudad del fin del mundo
Authors: Subirats Eduardo
Published: November 2023

A través de escenas de «Metrópolis» el autor recorre los paisajes del maquinismo y sus presagios. No tan lejos de aquella estilización estética de la ciudad industrial como reino sublime, otras estéticas hoy se convierten en el signo cosmológico de un nuevo orden espiritual que la nueva arquitectura representa a través de sus valores simbólicos y formales.
Arquitecturas para el próximo milenio. A propósito de la V Bienal de la Arquitectura Española
Authors: Muñoz Cosme Alfonso
Published: November 2023

Contemplando esta arquitectura que mira hacia el siglo venidero el autor recuerda las propuestas para el próximo milenio del escritor Italo Calvino. A través de esas palabras proféticas e iluminadoras tratará de desentrañar la esencia de la arquitectura contemporánea e iluminar sus futuros senderos.
Nuevas tendencias en el sistema de ciudades europeas
Authors: Trapero Juan Jesús
Published: November 2023

A modo de recordatorio a Juan Jesús Trapero, catedrático de urbanismo recientemente fallecido, se publica esa conferencia que inauguró la 16ª Reunión de la INTA en Madrid, diciembre 1992, que todavía hoy mantiene su vigencia.
Aspekt w języku chińskim: Anaiza gramemów i semów aspektowych
Authors: Wielosz Sebastian
Published: November 2023

The category of aspect in the history of linguistic research has been the subject of many considerations and studies. The approach to its functioning and scope has undergone a lot of changes. Originally regarded as a subcategory of tense, it is nowadays commonly seen as a separate category, albeit one that contributes to the temporal system of language. The earliest aspectologists only dealt with languages of the Indo-European family in their research – first Slavic and later Germanic. In these languages, it is related to the morphology of the verb and for this reason it was common to consider aspect as a grammatical or primarily grammatical category. The topic of aspect in relation to Indo-European languages has seen numerous publications. Less attention has been paid to the precise description of this category in Mandarin Chinese, although there are numerous publications dealing with the subject. Initially, scholars associated aspect with deictic tense, and it was not until the 1940s that the differences between the two began to be recognised and the semantics of aspect were addressed, although the work emerging at that time can hardly be considered of value. It is only the research of Smith (1991) that is considered the first significant turn of sinological aspectology in this direction, and it remains an inspiration for aspectologists conducting research on Mandarin Chinese to this day. The lack of greater attention paid to aspect by linguists at this stage may be due to typological issues. This is because the Chinese language is analytic, with a tendency towards agglutination. Instead, the languages under study are mainly inflectional languages, in which both the category of aspect and tense are embedded in the morphology of the verb.
Laundering Militarization: Preparedness, Professionalism, and Police Common Sense
Authors: Katzenstein Jessica
Published: November 2023

Abstract: US police militarization is commonly understood as military violence abroad flowing to domestic policing, where it does not belong. Despite years of reform efforts, attempts to demilitarize local police have thus far failed to effect substantive change. This essay builds on the history of US policing, as well as sixteen months of ethnographic research with police in Maryland, to suggest that the ideological labor of policing contributes to these failures. Specifically, I examine two elements of what I call police common sense : preparedness as moral practice and violence as professional technique. In so doing, I demonstrate how policing metabolizes militarization as an apolitical technical craft that counterintuitively reduces violence, and that allows officers to fulfill their primary ethical role as stewards of public crises. Demilitarization reforms function in tandem with the political work of preparedness and professionalism to consecrate “good” militarization as commonsensical and legitimate. These reforms thus inadvertently lend power to the notion of police as the “thin blue line” between extreme violence and innocent (white) society.
Old Irish Námae 'Enemy' and the Celtic NT-Stems
Authors: Joseph Lionel S.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: In this study, I will present as complete a collection as I can of Celtic nt-stems in order to answer the general question what types of nt-stems occur in Celtic, and specifically to use that collection to determine the most probable pre-form of Old Irish námae 'enemy' and its Gaulish cognates, about which there has been a lively discussion ever since 1923. I will also discuss in detail the system of adjectives and abstracts of which Old Irish lethan 'broad' : lethet 'breadth' is representative.
Athraigh Gléas, a Ghiolla Íosa : Dán ar Dhroch-Chláirseoir
Authors: Chárthaigh Deirdre Nic
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This paper consists of an edition, with translation and notes, of a previously unpublished poem on an incompetent harper. The poem, which is in séadnadh, dán díreach , was added in a later hand to the copy of Féilire Óengusa preserved in the fifteenth-century vellum manuscript UCD A 7 (formerly held at the Franciscan library in Killiney, Co. Dublin). Although its date of composition is uncertain, it is suggested here that the poem is one of a handful of satires on harpers which were composed towards the end of the Classical Irish period and which bear witness to the marginalisation and decline of the harping profession. The poem contains some poorly attested vocabulary and, although many difficulties with the text remain unresolved, it is of particular value for enhancing our understanding of some music terms. Réamhrá: Cláirseoir a bhfuil a uirlis as tiúin is ábhar do dhán gairid atá ar caomhnú i lámhscríbhinn UCD A 7. Tugtar ainm an chláirseora, Giolla Íosa (1a) mac Donnchaidh (2b), sa dán féin, agus más tagairt don fhear céanna (seachas tagairt do phearsa stairiúil) atá i rann 5a, M a c Cearb [ h ] aill ba shloinne dó. Tugann an buafhocal 'an Caoch' (5a) le tuiscint gur dócha go raibh sé dall. Ní fhaighimid tuilleadh eolas beathaisnéise faoin gcláirseoir sa dán féin, agus ní heol dom tagairt ar bith dó i bhfoinsí eile. Déanann an file anaithnid cur síos ar a mhíbhinne agus atá ceol Ghiolla Íosa agus sreanga a chláirsí as tiúin ( a r mīghlēas , 2a), agus impíonn sé air an uirlis a thiúnáil. Tá an ceol chomh holc sin go bhfuil scaipeadh na mionéan tagtha ar na ba (3b) agus ar an eachra (6b), agus tugtar le tuiscint go gcuirfear iachall ar an gcláirseoir cúiteamh a thabhairt sna hainmhithe atá ar iarraidh (3cd; 6cd).
Gofraidh Óg Mac an Bhaird Cecinit: 8. Tarla Leónadh don Leith Tuaidh
Authors: Cárthaigh Eoin Mac
Published: November 2023

Abstract: This elegy on Maghnas (son of Niall Garbh son of Conn) Ó Domhnaill, who died in the Battle of Benburb in 1646, is the eighth in a series of editions of poems attributed to Gofraidh Óg (son of Gofraidh son of Brian) Mac an Bhaird. Though ascribed indirectly to Gofraidh Óg in the only independent manuscript witness, Stonyhurst College MS A II 20, it was probably not composed by him.
Retiring Bards: The Motives Behind the Professional Bards' Religious Compositions
Authors: Simms Katharine
Published: November 2023

Abstract: About one-fifth of the extant corpus of Bardic poetry consists of poems on religious themes. Why did professional Bardic poets, who made their living from praising worldly patrons, expend so much effort on religious verse? This paper offers some possible explanations.
Unreliable Narrators or Untimely Archivists? Challenges of Using Digital Platforms for Documenting and Remembering Russia’s War in Ukraine
Authors: Makhortykh Mykola
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The rise of digital platforms transforms contemporary warfare by enabling new possibilities for monitoring war destruction, identifying human rights violations, and commemorating individual and collective suffering. However, to achieve these aims, it is important to ensure that war-related platform content is archived and preserved. Using Russia’s war in Ukraine as a case study, the article discusses challenges associated with the use of digital archiving for documenting and remembering modern wars and proposes a set of recommendations for preventing the disappearance of digital evidence of mass violence.
Asia is Reshaping the Geopolitics of Health
Authors: Zainul Harris , Chan Ginsky , Khor Swee Kheng
Published: November 2023

Abstract: The geopolitics of health has been traditionally shaped by Western powers. However, with Asia’s demographic, economic, and diplomatic rise, countries in the region have increasingly become important players in this sector. Yet, to maintain their influence and roles, regional nation-states must address national poverty, urbanization, and industrialization issues while strengthening their health systems and fulfilling their international responsibilities. The West must also move past the traditional donor-recipient mindset and treat all countries as equal partners to foster a more cooperative and equal global health architecture.
The Disappearance of Krebs: Hemingway’s “Soldier’s Home” as a Critique of Whiteness
Authors: Wright-Cleveland Margaret E.
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Where previous scholars have read Hemingway’s “Soldier’s Home” as a story about post-World War I disillusionment and the concomitant crisis in masculinity, this article examines Hemingway’s use of raced masculinity. By pointing to Oklahoma, a location of racial violence; Kansas, a location of extended Klan influence; and the National Baseball League, a site of exclusively White corruption, Hemingway builds a submerged text focused on the dangers of White Supremacy and White Privilege. Hemingway then engages the trope of White Womanhood as a tool of raced masculinity. “Soldier’s Home” shows how a spectral presence of anti-Black violence shapes one white soldier’s reintegration.
Optimization of nutritional strategies using a mechanistic computational model in prediabetes: Application to the J-DOIT1 study data
Authors: Chen Julia H. , Fukasawa Momoko , Sakane Naoki , Suganuma Akiko , Kuzuya Hideshi , Pandey Shikhar , D’Alessandro Paul , Venkatapurapu Sai Phanindra , Dwivedi Gaurav
Published: November 2023

Lifestyle interventions have been shown to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes; however, inter-individual variability in responses to such interventions makes lifestyle recommendations challenging. We analyzed the Japan Diabetes Outcome Intervention Trial-1 (J-DOIT1) study data using a previously published mechanistic simulation model of type 2 diabetes onset and progression to understand the causes of inter-individual variability and to optimize dietary intervention strategies at an individual level. J-DOIT1, a large-scale lifestyle intervention study, involved 2607 subjects with a 4.2-year median follow-up period. We selected 112 individuals from the J-DOIT1 study and calibrated the mechanistic model to each participant’s body weight and HbA1c time courses. We evaluated the relationship of physiological (e.g., insulin sensitivity) and lifestyle (e.g., dietary intake) parameters with variability in outcome. Finally, we used simulation analyses to predict individually optimized diets for weight reduction. The model predicted individual body weight and HbA1c time courses with a mean (±SD) prediction error of 1.0 kg (±1.2) and 0.14% (±0.18), respectively. Individuals with the most and least improved biomarkers showed no significant differences in model-estimated energy balance. A wide range of weight changes was observed for similar model-estimated caloric changes, indicating that caloric balance alone may not be a good predictor of body weight. The model suggests that a set of optimal diets exists to achieve a defined weight reduction, and this set of diets is unique to each individual. Our diabetes model can simulate changes in body weight and glycemic control as a result of lifestyle interventions. Moreover, this model could help dieticians and physicians to optimize personalized nutritional strategies according to their patients’ goals.
Circular economy, environmental quality and tourism receipts in Europe: A time series data analysis
Authors: Erdiaw-Kwasie Michael Odei , Owusu-Ansah Kofi Kusi , Abunyewah Matthew , Alam Khorshed , Hailemariam Abebe , Arhin Patrick , Zander Kerstin K. , Lassa Jonatan
Published: November 2023

The study examines how progress towards a circular economy (CE), patents related to recycling and secondary raw materials as a proxy for innovation, affect tourism receipts. The study uses Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Error Correction Method (ECM) to analyse time series data from EU countries from 2000 to 2020. Our estimates show that there exist long-run and short-run equilibrium relationships. In sum, evidence shows that promoting circular innovative practices, including recycling and using secondary raw materials in tourist destinations, could improve environmental quality and positively impact tourism receipts. The study concludes with policy and practical suggestions for circular economy innovation towards green tourism, destination management, and sustainable tourism.
Motor imagery ability in baseball players with throwing yips
Authors: Aoyama Toshiyuki , Ae Kazumichi , Soma Hiroto , Miyata Kazuhiro , Kajita Kazuhiro , Kawamura Takashi
Published: November 2023

The motor imagery ability is closely related to an individual’s motor performance in sports. However, whether motor imagery ability is diminished in athletes with yips, in whom motor performance is impaired, is unclear. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether general motor imagery ability or vividness of motor imagery specific to throwing motion is impaired in baseball players with throwing yips. The study enrolled 114 college baseball players. They were classified into three groups: 33 players in the yips group, 26 in the recovered group (previously had yips symptoms but had resolved them), and 55 in the control group. They answered the revised version of the vividness of movement imagery questionnaire (VMIQ-2), which assesses general motor imagery ability. Furthermore, they completed a questionnaire that assesses both positive and negative motor imagery vividness specific to baseball throwing. In the former, they responded to their ability to vividly imagine accurately throwing a controlled ball, whereas in the latter, they responded to the vividness of their experience of negative motor imagery associated with baseball throwing, specifically the image of a wild throw. No significant difference in the VMIQ-2 was found among the three groups. While no significant difference in the vividness of positive motor imagery for ball throwing was found in either first-person visual or kinesthetic perspectives among the three groups, the yips group exhibited significantly higher vividness of negative motor imagery than the control group in both perspectives. These results indicate that negative motor imagery specific to baseball throwing may be associated with symptoms of yips. Therefore, interventions addressing psychological aspects, such as anxiety, which are potential causes of the generation of negative motor imagery, may be necessary to alleviate the symptoms of yips.
Hospital pharmacists’, doctors’ and nurses’ perceptions of intra- and inter- professional communication in the context of electronic prescribing and medication administration systems: A qualitative study
Authors: Mohsin-Shaikh Soomal , Blandford Ann , Franklin Bryony Dean
Published: November 2023

Background

Effective, integrated and coordinated communication is essential in providing high quality patient care. Little prior research has detailed the impact of electronic prescribing and medication administration (ePMA) systems on healthcare professionals’ (HCPs’) communication. We investigated hospital pharmacists’, doctors’ and nurses’ perceptions of how ePMA systems have affected, or are expected to affect, the way they communicate with each other in an inpatient setting.

Methods

A qualitative study in three English NHS hospitals: two used different inpatient ePMA systems, and one used paper-based prescribing. We conducted focus groups with pharmacists, and semi-structured individual interviews with doctors and nurses. Transcribed data were analysed inductively using thematic analysis.

Results

Nine focus groups, three at each hospital, were conducted with pharmacists with different levels of seniority (58 pharmacists in total). Fourteen doctors and twelve nurses took part in individual interviews. Four themes were generated: modes of communication, reduced pharmacist visibility, system limitations, and future aspirations for ePMA. Whether working with ePMA or paper-based systems, all participants preferred to communicate face-to-face to facilitate collaborative discussions regarding patient care. Participants perceived that ePMA reduced contact time with patients. Pharmacists perceived that both their physical ward presence and their written communication on medication charts had reduced since introduction of ePMA. Doctors felt they were now less likely to ask pharmacists questions due to pharmacists’ reduced physical presence on the ward. Hardware and software limitations were identified by all HCPs, with suggestions made for future developments to better support communication.

Conclusion

ePMA does not necessarily support communication among HCPs. Pharmacists and doctors were also concerned that ePMA reduces communication between themselves and their patients. Hospital managers should ensure sufficient hardware for HCPs, including pharmacists, to conduct their work in clinical areas, and work with ePMA system suppliers to develop ways of enhancing, rather than inhibiting, communication.
Research on farmers’ adoption of additional technology combinations: Practice from Chongqing, China
Authors: Li Yu , Zhang Zhiheng
Published: November 2023

Tobacco farmers often adopt additional multiple agricultural technologies (AMATs) in addition to implementing the standardized technical system in China. Based on the cross-sectional micro data of 346 households of Chongqing, China, this paper assesses the determinants and impacts of the adoption of AMATs on income by using a multinomial endogenous treatment effects model to correct for selection bias and endogeneity caused by observed and unobserved heterogeneity. The results show that (1) the adoption of combinations of AMATs is determined by the household head’s education level, experience in tobacco growing, the shortest distance to nearby town, the amount of technical training, the ratio of land available for mechanical cultivation to tobacco land, the distance to extension station, and the ratio of leased land. (2) The adoption of combinations of AMATs has heterogeneous effects on farmers’ income through yield and quality improvement. (3) The comprehensive combination of AMATs is not necessarily the best option for farmers. Due to the interaction between technologies such as complementary, substitute or supplementary effects, the moderate implementation of fertilizers and soil improvement is the most effective combination. The results of this research provide a scientific basis for improving the adoption efficiency of AMATs in China.
Upper glycolytic components contribute differently in controlling retinal vascular endothelial cellular behavior: Implications for endothelial-related retinal diseases
Authors: Oska Nicole , Eltanani Shaimaa , Shawky Mohamed , Naghdi Armaan , Gregory Andrew , Yumnamcha Thangal , Ibrahim Ahmed S.
Published: November 2023

Background

Retinal degenerative diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema are characterized by impaired retinal endothelial cells (RECs) functionality. While the role of glycolysis in glucose homeostasis is well-established, its contributions to REC barrier assembly and cell spreading remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the importance of upper glycolytic components in regulating the behavior of human RECs (HRECs).

Methods

Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) technology was employed to analyze the real-time impact of various upper glycolytic components on maintaining barrier functionality and cell spreading of HRECs by measuring cell resistance and capacitance, respectively. Specific inhibitors were used: WZB117 to inhibit Glut1/3, lonidamine to inhibit hexokinases, PFK158 to inhibit the PFKFB3-PFK axis, and TDZD-8 to inhibit aldolases. Additionally, the viability of HRECs was evaluated using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay.

Results

The most significant reduction in electrical resistance and increase in capacitance of HRECs resulted from the dose-dependent inhibition of PFKFB3/PFK using PFK158, followed by aldolase inhibition using TDZD-8. LDH level analysis at 24- and 48-hours post-treatment with PFK158 (1 μM) or TDZD-8 (1 and 10 μM) showed no significant difference compared to the control, indicating that the disruption of HRECs functionality was not attributed to cell death. Conversely, inhibiting Glut1/3 with WZB117 had minimal impact on HREC behavior, except at higher concentrations (10 μM) and prolonged exposure. Lastly, inhibiting hexokinase with lonidamine did not noticeably alter HREC cell behavior.

Conclusion

This study illustrates the unique impacts of components within upper glycolysis on HREC functionality, emphasizing the crucial role of the PFKFB3/PFK axis in regulating HREC behavior. Understanding the specific contributions of each glycolytic component in preserving normal REC functionality will facilitate the development of targeted interventions for treating endothelial cell dysfunction in retinal disorders while minimizing effects on healthy cells.
The effects of tryptophan loading on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity in adults: A remote double blind randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dinu Larisa M. , Singh Samriddhi N. , Baker Neo S. , Georgescu Alexandra L. , Overton Paul G. , Dommett Eleanor J.
Published: November 2023

Background

Despite the impact and prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), current treatment options remain limited and there is a drive for alternative approaches, including those building on evidence of a role for tryptophan (TRP) and serotonin (5-HT). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of acute TRP loading on attention and impulsivity in adults with ADHD.

Trial design and methods

We conducted a remote double blind randomised controlled trial (RCT) using TRP loading to examine the effects of a balanced amino acid load in comparison to low and high TRP loading in individuals with ADHD (medicated, N = 48, and unmedicated, N = 46) and controls (N = 50). Participants were randomised into one of three TRP treatment groups using stratified randomisation considering participant group and gender using a 1:1:1 ratio. Baseline testing of attention and impulsivity using the Test of Variables of Attention Task, Delay Discounting Task, and Iowa Gambling Task was followed by consumption of a protein drink (BAL, LOW, or HIGH TRP) before repeated testing.

Results and conclusions

No effects of TRP were observed for any of the measures. In the present study, TRP loading did not impact on any measure of attention or impulsivity in those with ADHD or Controls. The findings need to be confirmed in another trial with a larger number of patients that also considers additional measures of dietary protein, plasma TRP and aggression. (Registration ID ISRCTN15119603).
A simple method to measure methane emissions from indoor gas leaks
Authors: Nicholas Dominic , Ackley Robert , Phillips Nathan G.
Published: November 2023

From wellhead to burner tip, each component of the natural gas process chain has come under increased scrutiny for the presence and magnitude of methane leaks, because of the large global warming potential of methane. Top-down measures of methane emissions in urban areas are significantly greater than bottom-up estimates. Recent research suggests this disparity might in part be explained by gas leaks from one of the least understood parts of the process chain: behind the gas meter in homes and buildings. However, little research has been performed in this area and few methods and data sets exist to measure or estimate them. We develop and test a simple and widely deployable closed chamber method that can be used for quantifying indoor methane emissions with an order-of-magnitude precision which allows for screening of indoor large volume (“super-emitting”) leaks. We also perform test applications of the method finding indoor leaks in 90% of the 20 Greater Boston buildings studied and indoor methane emissions between 0.02–0.51 ft3 CH4 day-1 (0.4–10.3 g CH4 day-1) with a mean of 0.14 ft3 CH4 day-1 (2.8 g CH4 day-1). Our method provides a relatively simple way to scale up indoor methane emissions data collection. Increased data may reduce uncertainty in bottom-up inventories, and can be used to find super-emitting indoor emissions which may better explain the disparity between top-down and bottom-up post-meter emissions estimates.
Increased perception of the experience dimension of the animal mind reduces instrumental violence against animals
Authors: Potocka Agnieszka , Bielecki Maksymilian
Published: November 2023

In this study, we investigated whether the perception of animal experience capacities, enabling individuals to recognize animals as moral patients, decreases instrumental violence against animals. Additionally, we aimed to distinguish this effect from the influence of perceptions of agency capacities, referred to as anthropomorphization. To achieve this, we conducted an online experimental study (N = 471, 54% women). Participants performed a manipulation task that increased their perception of the experience dimension of the animal mind and completed online questionnaires as part of a manipulation check to measure acceptance and intentions of instrumental violence against animals. Regression and mediation analyses revealed that increasing perception of the experience dimension of animal mind decreases instrumental violence against animals, particularly intentions to commit such violence, and this effect is unique and distinct from the effect of perception of the agency dimension, i.e., anthropomorphization. The key capacities in lowering violence were homeostatic emotions (pain, fear, hunger, and thirst) which indicate suffering that humans would want animals to avoid. However, when people perceive homeostatic emotions, increased perception of more complex capacities (anger, joy, pleasure, personality) and anthropomorphization do not result in an additional reduction in violence. We interpret these results to mean that people limit violence by using perception of animal experience capacities as pre-violation justification. These findings expand our knowledge about the functions of perception of experience capacities and demonstrate that people diminish animal experience capacities not only to rationalize violence but also as pre-violation justification to facilitate instrumental violence against animals.
Knowledge, attitude and practice on fall risk factors and prevention among rural older community-dwellers in Vietnam
Authors: Tang Hao Thi , Vu Hai Minh , Tang Hai Thi , Tran Phuc Thai , Tran Long Van , Nguyen Cuong Duy , Nguyen Tien Quoc , Nguyen Chinh Minh Thi , Tran Kham Quoc , Luong Hien Xuan
Published: November 2023

Falls among the elderly are an important global health problem. This study assesses knowledge regarding risk factors of falls, as well as attitudes and practices towards fall prevention among older adults in the rural community. A cross-sectional study was performed in four rural communes in Thai Binh province, Vietnam. A total of 3038 older people were recruited. Knowledge was assessed by using Falls Risk Awareness Questionnaire. Questions about attitudes were based on the Health Belief Model. Other questions regarding attitudes and practices regarding fall prevention were also asked. Multivariate regression was performed to identify associated factors with knowledge, attitudes and practices. Results showed that the mean score of knowledge regarding risk factors of falls was low at 11.37/32. The highest scores were observed in terms of drug aspects, followed by medical condition and behavioural aspects. Older people mostly agreed with perceived severity, susceptibility, benefits and barriers, but their attitudes about cues to action, health motivation and actions were most neutral. Meanwhile, more than half of the participants practised recommended fall preventive measures. To conclude, health education interventions and fall prevention services that enhance community-based fall prevention knowledge, attitudes and practices for older adults should be performed to reduce the burden of falls in this population.
ON THE PROSPECTS OF PROCESSING HEMP HUSK INTO A CELLULOSE PRODUCT
Authors: Minevich Irina Eduardovna , Nechiporenko Alla Pavlovna , Volkova Anastasiya Valer'yevna , Zaitseva Lyubov' Anatol'yevna
Published: November 2023

Technical hemp seeds are a source of valuable oil and biologically active substances. With the growth of their production and processing, the volume of secondary raw materials also increases, including the husk remaining after the collapse of hemp seeds. The purpose of this study is to obtain cellulose from hemp husk and characterize the cellulose product. Hemp husk is a mixture of the seed coat and the remnants of the kernel. The studied husk contained 7.7% of the core fraction. The cellulose content in the raw material was 40.8%, lignin – 28.7%. The content of water-soluble compounds varied in the range of 19–20%. The amount of extractives (in ethyl alcohol) was 4.6%. The cellulose product was obtained using peroxide treatment and a combined method combining enzyme and peroxide treatment of raw materials. The yield of the product was 32–37%, the content of cellulose in it was from 80 to 96%, the degree of polymerization was 170–200, the content of crystalline cellulose was 47–57%. It was found that during the peroxide treatment, the product yield after 120 minutes of the process did not change; the degree of polymerization decreased and began to grow steadily after 150 min, which can be explained by the recrystallization of the amorphous fraction. The conducted IR spectroscopic study indicates a low content of non-cellulose components in the target product. The paper shows the possibility of obtaining basic cellulose raw materials for the production of purified cellulose.The cellulose product obtained from hemp husk is characterized by a low content of crystalline cellulose, as a result of which it is a promising raw material for the production of powdered cellulose.
PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDY OF COSMOS BIPINNATUS CAV. (FAM. ASTERACEАE), CULTURED IN THE WESTERN CAUCASIAN REGION
Authors: Kulichenko Evgenia Olegovna , Oganesyan Eduard Tonikovich , Andreeva Ol'ga Andreyevna , Lukashuk Svetlana Pavlovna
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the work: to reveal the study of the morpho-anatomical composition and composition of biologically active groups – compounds, carboxylic acids and trace elements of the aerial part of various species of Cosmos bipinnatus Cav.: ‘Purity’, ‘Rosea’ and ‘Dazzler’.

Materials and methods. The object of the study is the cultivation of three species of space plants in Europe, collected in the flowering phase at the beginning of 2020. Micropreparations were obtained using a Biomed-2 microscope (eyepiece 16x, objective 4x, 10x) in accordance with the procedures of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XVI edition (SP XVI). Carbohydrate complexes are isolated from dried raw materials by the method of N.K. Kochetkov and M. Sinner. Quantify the content of each assessment gravimetrically. The monosaccharide composition is established after acid hydrolysis by paper chromatography. Identification of acid consumption is carried out using thin layer chromatography. The elemental and amino acid composition is examined by capillary electrophoresis.

Results and discussion. Certain characteristic microscopic features of Cosmos bipinnatus Cav., Aster varieties ‘Rosea’, ‘Dazzler’, ‘Purity’ for various morphological parts of plants (leaves, flowers, inflorescence involucre, stem), revealing the identified signs of the alleged medicinal source as a source of biologically active connections. A comparative analysis of the composition of carbohydrates, carboxylic acids and carbohydrates of shoots (leaves and stems) showed that water-soluble polysaccharides are arabinose fructose, rhamnose and galactose, pectin monosaccharides are galacturonic acid, glucose and arabinose detection, and hemicelluloses A and B are xylose, glucose and galactose. In all known varieties, succinic acid is noted. A high content of proline and essential amino acids: leucine, methionine, valine, threonine, as well as the ability of all the studied sources to collect potassium, magnesium, iron and boron ions were noted.

Conclusion. It has been established that the unusual colors of the flowers are predominantly the color of the stems. The anatomical features of different species are practically the same. It was revealed that the ‘Purity’ variety surpasses the objects in terms of the content of water-soluble polysaccharides, cellulose-hemi A and B, other essential amino acids, aliphatic amino acids, iron and boron. Variety ‘Dazzler’ is the richest in pectin doses and potassium ions. ‘Rosea’ variety contains the maximum amount of high content of amino acids.
SOURCES AND NATURE OF CRYSTALLINE TURBIDITY OF WINES
Authors: Khrapov Anton Aleksandrovich , Ageeva Natal'ya Mikhaylovna , Sheludko Ol'ga Nikolayevna , Tikhonova Anastasiya Nikolayevna , Chemisova Larisa Eduardovna , Antonenko Mikhail Viktorovich
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Crystal turbidity in wines is a widespread problem of the wine industry. Violation of the stability and presentation of finished products due to the formation of turbidity and precipitation leads to significant losses of wineries. In various years, up to 25% of all wines produced are prone to the formation of crystalline turbidity. The purpose of this work was to generalize data on the sources of crystalline turbidity, their nature, physico-chemical properties, as well as on the physico-chemical parameters of wine that affect the formation and dissolution of crystalline turbidities.

Objects and methods of research. Domestic and foreign scientific literature on the subject of the study. The analysis, systematization and generalization of the obtained data were used as research methods.

Results and their discussion. The paper presents the main sources of the components of crystalline turbidity, types of crystalline turbidity, their brief characteristics are given, their nature and physico-chemical properties are described, data on the main physico-chemical indicators of wine that influence the formation and dissolution of crystalline turbidity are given. The biological significance, transport and transformation of the components of crystalline turbidities in the grape-must-wine series are described in detail.

Conclusions. At the moment, crystalline turbidity of wines, despite a significant number of ways to control, predict their formation and technological methods to combat them, remain one of the main causes of instability and marketability of wine products. To solve the problem of the formation of crystalline turbidity, it is necessary to conduct a deep fundamental study of their properties, as well as factors influencing their formation and sedimentation in the conditions of a multicomponent composition of wine. The results of the review presented in this article will allow enterprises to develop new approaches in the cultivation and processing of grapes.
EVALUATION OF THE AMINO ACID AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FRUITS OF ROSA L. AND RIBES AUREUM PURSH. SPECIES IN ARID ZONE
Authors: Solomentseva Aleksandra Sergeyevna , Solonkin Andrey Valer'yevich , Belyaev Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: November 2023

The article presents the data of the biochemical composition of the fruits of wild roses species, laboratory studies of which were conducted for the first time in Volgograd. Special attention is paid to the fact that wild roses is the one of the most important genera in the world and has an economic value in the biological, floriculture, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. It has been established that the difficulties of seed propagation of wild roses in arid conditions are primarily related to the peculiarities of their physiology, biochemistry and morphology. The objects of research were species with different areas of natural distribution: R. rugosa Thunb., R. cinnamomea L., R. spinosissima L., R. canina L., Ribes aureum Pursh., growing in collection areas of the Federal Research Centre for Agroecology, Complex Reclamation and Protective Afforestation. The article analyzes the indicators of weather conditions. The degree of demand for soil fertility and light revealed the most low-demand species: R. aureum, R. cinnamomea, R. rugosa and R. spinosissima. The authors found that all the studied species had good growth and development during the observation period. The amino acid composition of wild roses and currant fruits was determined using the capillary electrophoresis system "Drops" at a wavelength of 250 nm and allowed us to identify the most valuable species in terms of their biochemical composition. Analysis of the biochemical value of fruits found that the highest amount of protein, calcium, raw fiber, iodine and phosphorus differs type R. cinnamomea from the section of high-vitamin species and R. canina.
ANALYSIS OF SPENT LIQUOR OF LOW-TEMPERATURE ALKALINE DELIGNIFICATION OF HARDWOOD
Authors: Duboviy Vladimir Kliment'yevich , Demiantseva Elena Yurievna , Koverninskij Ivan Nikolaevich
Published: November 2023

Complex and deep processing of wood raw materials to produce products with high added value while reducing the amount of waste is one of the urgent tasks of the modern pulp and paper industry. The search for economically profitable, but at the same time resource-, energy-saving and environmentally friendly technologies for processing wood raw materials in the modern world is becoming the most important means of ensuring the sustainable development of the industry. An alternative innovative method for the production of high-yield fibrous semi-finished products is the production of an extrusion chemical-thermomechanical mass as a result of low-temperature (90 °C) at atmospheric pressure alkaline delignification of hardwood. The liquor obtained in the process of delignification is a complex complex of mineral compounds and products of destruction of lignin, polysaccharides, extractives and products of their.
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS ON THE FORMATION OF AN EMULSION EXTRACT OF WOODY GREENS OF SCOTS PINE
Authors: Nikonova Natalya Nikolaevna , Legkiy Filipp Vasilevich , Khurshkainen Tatiana Vladimirovna , Kuchin Aleksandr Vasilevich
Published: November 2023

The present study is devoted to the analysis of extracts obtained from pine tree greens by the emulsion method and to increasing the efficiency of extraction of extractive substances. Coniferous tree greens are a rich source of compounds that have surface-active properties (resin and fatty acid salts, phospholipids, glycerides, etc.), which makes it possible to obtain emulsion extracts. The influence of the concentration of an aqueous solution of alkali, hydromodulus and duration of extraction on the formation of an emulsion and its quality (particle size of the dispersed phase and their distribution) was determined. Extracts were analyzed by optical microscopy. It has been established that the concentration of an aqueous solution of alkali is 3%, the hydromodulus is 1/8, and the duration of extraction is 30 min, which contributes to the formation of an oil-in-water emulsion with an average particle size of the dispersed phase of 2.5 μm, uniformly distributed throughout the volume of the dispersion medium. In the set parameters, a high-quality emulsion is formed and the lipophilic neutral components of the studied raw materials are effectively extracted.
A Case of Ochronosis with Spontaneous Rupture of Bilateral Achilles Tendon
Authors: Kumaran Chinappa  , Tuba Sahe
Published: November 2023

A 39-year-old male presented to the orthopaedic OPD with complaints of difficulty in walking since 3 months associated with pain over bilateral heel region. The pain was also associated with intermittent popping sound from bilateral ankle joints. Local examination revealed bilateral loss of Achilles tendon contour along with increased range of dorsiflexion and tenderness. Thompson squeeze test and O’Brien needle test were positive indicating rupture of Achilles tendon.
Extractivismo minero en Chile: concentración privada de riqueza y conflictos socioambientales
Authors: Uribe-Sierra Sergio Elías , Toscana Aparicio Alejandra , Mora-Rojas Alejandro Israel
Published: November 2023

El estudio del extractivismo es relevante en América Latina, existe un amplio debate sobre los procesos sociales y ambientales que produce en los territorios. Los gobiernos latinoamericanos destacan los altos niveles que registran los indicadores macroeconómicos de la actividad, como el carácter superavitario de la balanza comercial, el valor de las exportaciones de minerales o la contribución al Producto Interno Bruto; al mismo tiempo, estudios académicos argumentan que la minería fomenta el desarrollo económico y contribuye a la reducción de la pobreza en las zonas donde se implementa. Sin embargo, este trabajo sostiene que el extractivismo minero conduce a la concentración privada de riqueza y a la proliferación de conflictos socioambientales. Mediante una revisión de literatura especializada y de un análisis de variables con estadística descriptiva se analizó la relación entre el extractivismo, la concentración privada de riqueza y los conflictos socioambientales. Se encontró que, a pesar del superávit de ingresos por las exportaciones de cobre, las aportaciones de este sector a la economía van en detrimento; dicho superávit contrasta con el déficit de material del cobre y el agotamiento de otros recursos naturales necesarios para la vida. Las zonas donde se localizan los principales proyectos mineros presentan datos de pobreza multidimensional elevados en comparación con las ganancias creadas por la minería. Esto denota una distribución desigual de la riqueza y una concentración de daños ecológicos en los territorios de extracción, lo que impulsa el surgimiento de conflictos socioambientales.
Geografía cultural y paisaje ritual en Xochimilco: trabajo de campo en Xochitepec
Authors: Urroz Raquel , Escamilla Fuentes Israel
Published: November 2023

Este trabajo aplica la perspectiva propuesta por Paul Claval de trabajar con lo experimentado por los habitantes y estudiosos de un paisaje observado. Preocupados por el entorno y la ritualidad, los autores nos relatan un recorrido hasta un cerro ubicado al sur de la Ciudad de México que les permite acercarse a las maneras que una sociedad experimenta su entorno, lo usa, le da significado y actúa sobre él.
Mallach, A. (2023). Smaller Cities in a Shrinking World. Learning to Thrive Without Growth
Authors: Camerin Federico
Published: November 2023

Mallach, A. (2023). Smaller Cities in a Shrinking World. Learning to Thrive Without Growth. Nueva York: Island Press, 336 p. ISBN: 978-16-4283-227-3
Coloquio: Libros de viajes: entre el conocimiento del mundo, la creación y la dominación
Authors: Melo Daniel , Guades de Campo Fernanda Maria , Rendeiro Margarida
Published: November 2023

Coloquio: Libros de viajes: entre el conocimiento del mundo, la creación y la dominación. Organización: CHAM — Centro de Humanidades / NOVA FCSH – Grupo de Información, Lectura y Formas de Escritura y Grupo de Estudios Transculturales, Literarios e Poscoloniales, en colaboración con la Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal. Coordinación: Daniel Melo, Fernanda Maria Guedes de Campos y Margarida Rendeiro. Auditorio de la Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Campo Grande 83, Lisboa, 20 y 21 de septiembre de 2023, 15:00h-18:00h.