bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of acute abdominal pain: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital of Eastern India
Authors: Thakur Jiwesh Kumar , Kumar Rakesh
Published: January 2019

Background: Acute abdomen is defined as “a spectrum of surgical, medical and gynecological conditions ranging from trivial to life threatening conditions, which require hospital admission, investigations and treatment. The possible causes of acute abdomen may range from benign and psychogenic pain to life threatening aortic dissection. This study aims to find out the etiological spectrum of surgical acute pain abdomen among patients attending emergency department of a medical college of Eastern India.Methods: An institution based, cross-sectional study was conducted from January- June 2018, among patients admitted with pain abdomen in IQ City Medical College and Narayna Hospital, Durgapur, West Bengal, India. Data were collected on the day of discharge, with the help of pre-tested, semi structured Schedule.Results: Total 8688 patients were admitted through emergency during data collection period. 1236 (14.2%) of them were admitted with complains of pain abdomen. Frequency of surgical and non-surgical pain abdomen was 6.0% and 8.2% respectively. Most consistent symptom and sign were pain abdomen and abdominal tenderness respectively. Most common cause of acute abdomen was acute appendicitis. It was present in 38.9% of cases followed by gall bladder pathology, renal/ ureteric colic, perforation peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, bowel ischemia in 21.0%, 14.2%, 13.7%, 7.8%, and 4.4% of cases respectively.Conclusions: About 15.0% of all emergency hospitalization is due to acute abdominal pain and about 40.0% of all acute abdominal pain was due to surgical causes. Most common cause of surgical acute abdomen was acute appendicitis.
Septin-9: a novel biomarker for colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Yildiz Alp , Gobut Huseyin , Leventoglu Sezai , Yildiz Aybala , Ergun Mehmet Ali , Kubar Ayhan , Aytac Bulent
Published: January 2019

Background: The gold standard method for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer is colonoscopy. However, colonoscopy has several limitations and complications. Moreover, fecal occult blood test and serum based tumor markers do lack the desired specificity and sensitivity. Therefore, a novel biomarker is needed for early detection of colorectal cancer. With this prospective randomised controlled study author’s aim was to evaluate the efficacy of Septin-9 on colorectal cancer screening.Methods: Septin-9 is a protein which is encoded by the SEPT9 gene. SEPT9 has been detected in the blood of colorectal cancer patients. In this study, the results of fecal occult blood test, carcinoembryonic antigen and SEPT9 using fecal and blood samples of the patients obtained before colonoscopy were compared. DNA isolation and bisulfite transformation were made from the blood samples for SEPT9. The experimental and control groups were built up using the results of biopsy taken during colonoscopy.Results: Fecal occult blood test was determined as positive in control group for 30% (6/20), in colorectal cancer group for 54.2% (13/24). FOBT specificity and sensitivity for colorectal cancer were 54.1%, 70%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of Septin9 at detecting colorectal cancers were found statistically significant according to either fecal occult blood test or carcinoembryonic antigen values.Conclusions: When author evaluated their situation in the light of the data, it was seen that CRCs is an important public health problem. As being an easily applicable test by blood sample and having high sensitivity and specificity, SEPT9 should take its place in routine screening protocols.
Gall bladder perforation; occurrence, clinical presentation, diagnosis and their outcome: a retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in South India
Authors: Ramachandra M. L. , Jabbar Faiyaz Abdul
Published: January 2019

Background: Gall bladder perforation (GBP), is an uncommon complication of acute cholecystitis but it often remains a cause for diagnostic dilemma among surgeons while managing patients presenting with signs and symptoms of peritonitis. This study was undertaken to study the clinical profile of the patients diagnosed to have GBP which would aid in early diagnosis and surgical intervention thus improving the patient’s outcome.Methods: A retrospective study from May 2013 to April 2018 with a sample size of 12 cases were studied. All cases were diagnosed either pre-operatively (based on radiological findings) or intra-operatively. Perforations of gall bladder caused due to trauma or iatrogenic reasons were excluded from the study. Intra-operative findings, post-operative sequelae and the outcome of the patient were evaluated.Results: The mean age of the patients was 66 and females were more affected than the males. USG done preoperatively could pick up only 1 out of 12 cases. Whereas CT showed gall bladder perforation in 3 out of 4 cases for whom CT was done giving it a sensitivity of 75%. Gall bladder perforation was commonly found to be located in the fundus followed by corpus and infundibulum.Conclusions: GBP is a rare complication of acute cholecystitis. It can present with full blown peritonitis features or vague abdominal symptoms. If promptly diagnosed and treated aggressively by laparotomy and cholecystectomy, the patient’s outcomes are improved.
Combined mucosal advancement and lateral internal sphincterotomy in treatment of chronic anal fissure: could be an effective alternative procedure?
Authors: Elbalshy Mohammed A. , Eldesouky Mahmoud S.
Published: January 2019

Background: Chronic Anal Fissure (CAF) is a common anal problem. Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS) is the recommended treatment when conservative treatment fails, however it has its drawbacks. On the other hand, Anal Advancement Flap (AAF) may help in some cases. In this study, we tried to combine both techniques to evaluate the outcome of this dual procedure.Methods: This prospective study was conducted on one hundred patients with chronic anal ﬁssure who were divided randomly into two groups group (A) LIS, group (B) the combined technique. Both groups were compared regarding, pain and constipation prior to treatment and at 1, 2, 4, 6 weeks post-operative using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Wexner constipation score at 6weeks in addition to timing of complete fissure healing.Results: Both groups were comparable preoperatively regarding demographic data, pain score, constipation score but post-operative group B has achieved an earlier significant decrease in pain score, (1.7±0.65 vs 4.4±1.1) at 1st week (P<0.001) and (1.5±0.55 vs 3.3±1.04) at 2nd week also (P<0.001). In addition to a superior healing rate (96% vs 76%) at 4th week (P=0.009) with non-significantly longer operative time or complication rate.Conclusions: The combined technique of mucosal advancement and LIS can achieve a superior outcome compared to the traditional LIS in the treatment of CAF regarding faster healing rates with marked decrease in early post- operative pain and by far earlier return to normal life habits.
Evaluation of possum scoring system in patients undergoing laparotomy
Authors: V. Manoharan G. , G. Vijayalakshmi
Published: January 2019

Background: Prediction of complications is an essential part of risk management in surgery. Knowing which patient is at risk of developing complications contributes to the quality of surgical care and cost reduction in surgery. Among the variety of scoring systems used to identify the “high risk” patient POSSUM scoring is the most widely used.Methods: Patients undergoing laparotomy were selected serially and their physiological severity score on admission and operative severity scored at the end of 30days and compared with the POSSUM predicted score.Results: In the elective surgery group, patients with morbidity correlated with high POSSUM scores but due to low overall morbidity conclusions could not be drawn while in the emergency group predicted morbidity correlated well with observed results. The low overall mortality in the study group precluded meaningful analysis.Conclusions: POSSUM scoring system has an undeniable advantage in this set up for better patient counseling, improving the surgical outcomes in both emergency and elective wards and for better management of limited resources and manpower.
Diagnostic evaluation of triple test in detection of breast lesions
Authors: Gaikwad Sanjay R. , Talpallikar Mahesh C. , Tapadia Jyoti K. , Gajakos Anand S.
Published: January 2019

Background: Detection of malignant lesion leads to early initiation of definitive treatment or its exclusion saves the patient from unnecessary medication and psychological trauma. It is difficult to establish the nature of the lesion merely on the clinical examination. So “triple” test is suggested, which is a mixture of clinical examination, mammography and FNAC.Methods: The results of clinical examination, mammography and FNAC were compared with those of histopathological examination. The concordant results of the “triple test” were compared with those of the histopathological examination. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated for each of these tests and for “triple test”.Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of clinical examination in this study were 74.36%, 88.70%, 69.05% and 91.07%. The same parameters of mammography were 92.31%, 93.91%, 83.72% and 97.30%. For FNAC, the same values were 92.31%, 93.04%, 81.82% and 97.27%. The triple test was concordant in 115 lesions, while results of 39 lesions were discordant in triple test. Out of 115 concordant results, 27 results were malignant on all the three tests while 88 results were benign on all the three tests. All the concordant results of triple test were similar to the results of histopathology examination.Conclusions: The triple test can diagnose malignant breast lesion with 100 % accuracy, at least in concordant results.
Small bowel volvulus post gastric bypass
Authors: Ferris Baillie W. C.
Published: January 2019

Small Bowel Volvulus (SBV) is an uncommon cause of Small Bowel Obstruction (SBO), which can be difficult to diagnose.  However, it is very important to recognise and intervene in a timely manner due to the high risk of bowel ischemia. Unfortunately, SBV does not always have clinical features that differentiate it from other causes of mechanical obstruction. The most reliable investigation appears to be Computed Topography (CT) scan with around 50% of patients displaying the classic ‘whirl’ sign on CT.  However, many remain undifferentiated SBO patients. Any of these patients who have any clinical or radiological suspicion of bowel ischemia, should be considered for surgery, as delays in diagnosis of bowel ischemia are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In this case reported, author detailed a 55year female who presented with SBV had a CT scan which showed the classic ‘whirl’ sign and thus had timely surgical intervention and an uncomplicated recovery. Her history was significant for a subtotal colectomy, and a Rouxeny gastric bypass. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of SBV and also carries a reminder to consider rare causes of abdominal pain in patients who have had previous bariatric surgery. They have altered anatomy and thus are at increased risk of internal hernia and volvulus including SBV.
Factors influencing non–adherence to chemotherapy: Perspective of Nigerian breast cancer survivors
Authors: Ingwu Justin-Agorye , Idoko Chiamaka , Israel Chidinma-Egbichi , Maduakolam Ijeoma , Madu Obiagele
Published: January 2019

Background & Aim: The use of chemotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer has experienced a rapid increase in recent years and this is expected to continue. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the patient-related factors, therapy related factors, and health care system factors that influence non-adherence to chemotherapy among breast cancer survivors at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu.
Methods & Materials: The study design was a cross-sectional descriptive survey with a total population of 100 cancer survivors. The breast cancer questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection.
Results: The result of the study showed that financial constraint 61(61.0%) was the major patient related factor that influence non-adherence to chemotherapy, medication side effects (hair loss, loss of weight) 62(62.0%) and duration of treatment 50(50.0%) were the major therapy related factors while unfavorable hour of clinic visit 40(40.0%) was the major health care related factor that influences non-adherence to chemotherapy.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the federal government should re-implement the health care policy that allowed treatment free-of-charge at Nigerian government hospitals to those with malignancies and other chronic ailments to mitigate the burden of associated financial problems and encourage patients to seek orthodox medical care. Also, health education initiation on benefit of adhering to chemotherapy would be needed on the part of the nurses to foster the women intake of chemotherapy. Nurses caring for women who receive endocrine therapy for breast cancer should identify those who may be at greater risk for being non-adherent.
Família, escola, território vulnerável / Family, school, vulnerable areas
Authors: Batista Antônio Augusto Gomes , Carvalho-Silva Hamilton Harley de , Alves Luciana
Published: January 2019

Este artigo busca trazer elementos para compreender como famílias residentes em territórios vulneráveis se relacionam com a escolarização de seus filhos. Para tanto realizou pesquisa de inspiração etnográfica junto a 12 famílias moradoras de um bairro de periferia da cidade de São Paulo. As mães foram as principais informantes. A metodologia de análise dos dados consistiu na construção de retratos sociológicos de cada uma das mães e numa análise transversal desses retratos. Os resultados permitem concluir que as mães pesquisadas atribuem um grande valor à escolarização de seus filhos, embora o grau do envolvimento com essa escolarização seja dependente do grau de vulnerabilidade das famílias. Permitem também caracterizar esse tipo de envolvimento, os significados atribuídos à escola, e a natureza e os tipos de esforços realizados para assegurar a permanência na escola e uma escolarização mais longa, limitada, porém, em geral, pela conclusão do ensino médio. Palavras-chave: Efeito território. Desigualdade socioespacial. Relação família e escola.

Palavras-chave

Efeito território. Desigualdade socioespacial. Relação família e escola.

 

Family, School, Vulnerable Areas
Abstract
This article aims to gather elements to understand how families living in vulnerable areas relate to their children’s education. To that end, we conducted an ethnographic study with 12 families living in a peripheral neighborhood in the city of São Paulo. The mothers were the main informants. The methodology of data analysis consisted of building sociological portraits of each of the mothers and conducting a transversal analysis of these portraits. Results show that the mothers surveyed value highly their children’s education, although their degree of involvement with it depends on the families’ degree of vulnerability. The study also describes the types of such involvement, the meanings attributed to school and the nature and types of efforts made to ensure that children remain in school and have a longer school life, though usually limited to concluding secondary education.
Keywords

Territory effect. Socio-spatial inequality. Family-school relationship.
Centralização e padronização dos currículos: posições e tomadas de posição
Authors: Batista Antônio Augusto Gomes , Lugli Rosário Silvana Genta , Ribeiro Vanda Mendes
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho, de natureza exploratória, tem por objeto a construção do espaço das tomadas de posição e argumentos sobre o debate a respeito do processo de centralização e padronização curricular no país, por meio de uma Base Nacional Curricular Comum. Tem também por objetivo examinar as relações entre as tomadas de posição e argumentos e a posição social dos indivíduos entrevistados - agentes que participam do debate público sobre o tema, porém atuando em diferentes campos do mundo social. Assim construído, o objeto de pesquisa se insere no quadro da sociologia de inspiração bourdieusiana, de modo central em sua teorização sobre os campos sociais. Para realização da investigação, foram efetuadas entrevistas com 103 nomes que em geral participam do debate educacional (academia, sociedade civil, educação básica, sindicatos, gestão pública), de todas as regiões do país, entrevistados, com base num roteiro semiestruturado, entre o final de 2013 e início de 2014. A análise permitiu que fossem construídas as tomadas de posição, relacionadas a algumas das posições sociais dos indivíduos, especialmente a posição em seu campo e em relação às esferas de decisão política.

Palavras-chave

Currículo. Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Política educacional.

 

Curriculum centralization and standardization: positions and position-takings

Abstract

The object of this exploratory study is the construction of the space of position-takings and arguments about the debate on the process of curriculum centralization and standardization in the country, through a National Common Basis. It aims, moreover, to examine the relationships between positiontakings and arguments, on the one hand, the social position of the individuals interviewed, who participate in the public debate on the subject, yet working in different fields of the social world. Thus, we situated the object of research in a sociological framework inspired by Bourdieu, mainly regarding his theory about social fields. For this study, we conducted interviews with 103 persons who generally participate in the educational debate (universities, civil society, primary education, unions, public management) in all regions of the country, using a semi-structured interview script, from late 2013 to early 2014. The analysis allowed constructing the position-takings related to some of the individuals’ social positions, particularly their position both in their field and in relation to political decision-making spheres.

Keywords

Curriculum. National Common Basis. Educational policy.
“A possibilidade de mudança não está na pesquisa em si, mas na escolha do tema, na divulgação dos resultados e nos debates que eles vão provocar” - Entrevista com Antônio Augusto Gomes Batista
Authors: Cenpec Cadernos
Published: January 2019

Desde 2011, Antônio Augusto Gomes Batista é coordenador de Desenvolvimento de Pesquisas do Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação, Cultura e Ação Comunitária (Cenpec). Nesse cargo, esteve à frente de 16 pesquisas, muitas delas buscando entender como são construídas as desigualdades escolares, especialmente as originadas nos territórios dos grandes centros urbanos. “As desigualdades de gênero, raça e nível socioeconômico são extremamente importantes e devem ser estudadas, pois afetam, sim, o processo educativo. Porém, todas elas estão presentes e se concretizam na distribuição espacial”, afirma nesta entrevista concedida a Anna Helena Altenfelder, presidente do Conselho de Administração do Cenpec, e acompanhada por Joana Buarque de Gusmão e Hivy Damasio Araújo Mello, líderes de projetos de pesquisa da mesma instituição.

Nascido em Itabirito, a 57 quilômetros de Belo Horizonte, Dute – como é chamado pelos amigos desde a infância, quando seu irmão mais velho não conseguia falar Guto – tornou-se amante inveterado da produção literária de uma trinca de escritoras mulheres – Virgínia Wolff, Clarice Lispector e Adélia Entrevista com Antônio Augusto Gomes Batista cadernoscenpec | São Paulo | v.7 | n.1 | p.198-213 | jan./jul. 2017 199 Prado – e sabedor “de coração” de poemas de Carlos Drummond de Andrade e João Cabral de Melo Neto. É graduado em Letras pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, com mestrado e doutorado em Educação na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, onde lecionou nos cursos de Pedagogia e Licenciatura em Letras. Deu continuidade à vida acadêmica na École des Hautes Études em Sciences Sociales, em Paris, com um pós-doutorado. Atuou como visiting scholar na Universidade do Tennessee, nos Estados Unidos, e no programa de pós-graduação da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (FAE-UFMG), orientando dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado. Foi professor visitante na Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo e professor convidado na Universidade Nacional de La Plata, na Argentina, no curso de Especialização e Mestrado em Leitura e Escrita. Tornou-se especialista no ensino e na aprendizagem desses conteúdos, sempre abordados com base numa perspectiva social.

Atualmente divide seu tempo entre as pesquisas do Cenpec e as oliveiras que cultiva entre os riachos e as cachoeiras de São Bento do Sapucaí, interior de São Paulo, quase Minas Gerais – o que o ajuda a preservar o delicioso sotaque mineiro. No tempo livre, percorre as estradas sinuosas da região fotografando capelas caipiras. Ainda conserva o hábito cada vez mais raro de ler jornal todas as manhãs e acredita que sua felicidade seria quase completa se pudesse tomar, todos os dias, no almoço e no jantar, uma dose de cachaça de seu estado natal.
Evasão escolar no Ensino Secundário em Quebec (Canadá)
Authors: Maria Glória da Silva Sandra , Canisius Kamanzi Pierre
Published: January 2019

Entre as províncias canadenses, Quebec possui a taxa mais alta de jovens não diplomados no secundário, 11,5% em 2016. A pesquisa realizada visou: a) examinar o perfil desses jovens e mapear os motivos pelos quais eles não concluíram os estudos; b) analisar em que medida os programas governamentais implantados para prevenir e combater a evasão escolar são eficazes e equitativos. Realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados Scopus, Eric e Érudit. Foram consultadas ainda publicações oficiais do governo de Quebec. Notou-se que evasão é maior: entre homens que entre mulheres, na rede pública de ensino (18,4%) que na rede privada (7,6%). Nas escolas em reservas indígenas ela chega a 81,3%. A baixa escolaridade dos pais está entre as principais causas de evasão.

Palavras-chave

Evasão escolar em Quebec. Jovens e adultos. Ensino Secundário.

 

School dropout in Secondary Education in Quebec (Canada)

Abstract

Among Canadian provinces, Quebec has the highest rate of youths without a secondary education degree, i.e., 11.5% in 2016. The study aimed to: a) examine the profile of these youths and map the reasons why they did not complete their course of study; b) analyze the extent to which government programs implemented to prevent and fight school dropout are effective and equitable. A bibliographic research was conducted with the Scopus, Eric and Érudit databases. Official publications of the Quebec government were also examined. School dropout was found to be higher: among males than among females; in the public education system (18.4%) than in the private system (7.6%). In schools in Indian reserves, dropout rates reach 81.3%. Parental lack of education is among the main causes of school dropout.

Keywords

School dropout in Quebec. Youths and adults. Secondary education.

 

Abandono escolar en la Enseñanza Secundaria en Quebec (Canadá)

Resumen

Entre las provincias canadienses, Quebec posee la tasa más alta de jóvenes no graduados en secundaria, con un 11,5 % en 2016. La investigación realizada tuvo como objetivo: a) examinar el perfil de estos jóvenes y localizar los motivos por los cuales no habían concluido los estudios; b) analizar en qué medida los programas gubernamentales implantados para prevenir y combatir el abandono escolar son eficaces y equitativos. Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica en las bases de datos Scopus, Eric y Érudit. Se consultaron también publicaciones oficiales del Gobierno de Quebec. Se comprobó que el abandono es mayor entre hombres que entre mujeres, y en la red pública de enseñanza (18,4 %) que en la red privada (7,6 %). En las escuelas de las reservas indias llega al 81,3 %. La baja escolaridad de los padres está entre las principales causas de abandono.

Palabras clave

Abandono escolar en Quebec. Jóvenes y adultos. Enseñanza secundaria.
Editorial
Authors: Buarque de Gusmão Joana
Published: January 2019

Com satisfação, mais um número da Cadernos Cenpec é publicado trazendo um conjunto de artigos relevantes para aprofundarmos o conhecimento sobre a educação pública brasileira. São seis os textos que compõem a nova edição. Gabriella de Camargo Hizume e Gladys Beatriz Barreyro, em “A Rede de Agências Nacionais de Acreditação e a gestão do Sistema Arcu-Sul”, analisam a atuação desta rede que reúne países membros do Mercosul na gestão do Arcu-Sul, sistema responsável pela acreditação de cursos universitários no âmbito da organização de integração regional da América Latina. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e na realização de entrevistas com pessoas que participaram da elaboração do Sistema ou de ações relacionadas à Rana, as autoras concluem que a rede tem revisto e flexibilizado alguns posicionamentos a fim de operacionalizar a consolidação do Sistema.
Modelagem matem�tica do padr�o de crescimento do Tambaqui (Colossoma Macropomum) atrav�s do modelo de Gomertz
Authors: Cruz Pedro Alexandre
Published: January 2019

Uma avalia��o do comportamento do crescimento de tambaqui foi realizada utilizando o modelo matem�tico de Gompertz. Assim, proje��es dos par�metros relacionados ao crescimento do peixe foram constru�das, estas curvas consideraram as medi��es destes para o peixe da fase de alevino/juvenil at� a fase de engorda. Os par�metros considerados foram o peso do peixe, o tamanho da cabe�a, a altura da cabe�a e o comprimento do t�rax. O modelo constru�do teve por finalidade fornecer uma estimativa do padr�o de crescimento de toda a popula��o de tambaqui, sem diferenci�-los por sexo. Al�m disso, uma melhor compreens�o acerca do crescimento de tal peixe pode ser de grande ajuda para o desenvolvimento de novos m�todos de cultivo ou melhoramento gen�tico, isto, objetivando uma otimiza��o da produ��o de tambaqui. Encontrar novas maneiras de otimizar o cultivo (quando o peixe atinge as dimens�es m�nimas necess�rias para abate em um menor intervalo de tempo) � importante para a ind�stria ser capaz de atender a crescente demanda do mercado em consumir animais de peso mais elevado. Adicionalmente, o conhecimento do padr�o de crescimento de tambaqui possibilita a implementa��o de novas metodologias de cultivo sem causar danos ou modifica��es � popula��o natural de tal peixe.
ELABORA��O E CARACTERIZA��O DE ALIMENTO FUNCIONAL ENRIQUECIDO COM PROTE�NA DE CAMAR�O
Authors: Sousa Geisiane Silva
Published: January 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver salgadinho tipo �torcida� enriquecido com prote�na de camar�o. O produto foi elaborado no Laborat�rio de Tecnologia do Pescado da Universidade Estadual do Maranh�o. Ap�s realiza��o de testes de adequa��o de receita e ingredientes, o salgadinho foi enriquecido com farinha de camar�o obtida do res�duo da torra e descasque. Foi adicionada � receita 5% de prote�na de pescado. An�lises de coliformes totais e termotolerantes foram realizadas na farinha do camar�o e no produto final, e an�lises de bolores e leveduras ap�s trinta dias da fabrica��o do produto. A composi��o centesimal foi obtida por an�lise de umidade, prote�nas, lip�deos e cinzas. A avalia��o sensorial e inten��o de compra foram aplicadas, atrav�s do teste de escala hed�nica de 5 pontos, a 30 julgadores n�o treinados. As amostras da farinha de camar�o e do salgadinho tipo �torcida� apresentaram aus�ncia de coliformes, Salmonella, bolores e leveduras, estando livres da a��o microbiol�gica. A an�lise sensorial foi realizada com mulheres de faixa et�ria entre 19 e 47 anos e homens com idade entre 22 e 53 anos, sendo ambos livres de qualquer intoler�ncia a crust�ceos. Observou-se que 53,33% dos degustadores declararam adorar o produto e 50% expressou que compraria sempre. A an�lise da composi��o centesimal comprovou que o salgadinho cont�m elevado valor proteico. O resultado inicial foi satisfat�rio e a formula��o foi origin�ria de um processamento adequado e seguro, seguindo bons m�todos de produ��o e fortalecendo o potencial aliment�cio e tecnol�gico do pescado o qual proporciona boa nutri��o e �tima qualidade na sa�de.
Maternidad en red. Comunidades digitales de crianza como espacios de deconstrucción de la identidad en la maternidad = Motherhood on the web. Online parenting communities as forums for deconstructing identity in motherhood
Authors: Imbaquingo Pérez María Isabel
Published: January 2019

Resumen. El presente artículo explora la función de las comunidades digitales de crianza en el ejercicio de la maternidad, enmarcado dentro del concepto general de “maternaje”. Para lograr este objetivo se realizó un análisis del proceso discursivo de las integrantes del Círculo de Crianza Vertiente de Amor y Vida, que consistió en la confrontación de los mensajes generados en el grupo virtual y diversos conceptos y perspectivas teóricas sobre las transformaciones y “contradicciones culturales” de la maternidad y la forma en que las nuevas tecnologías intermedian y modifican la manera en que las madres interactúan en la actualidad. El análisis reveló que la comunidad virtual cumple una función en la forma en que las mujeres deconstruyen su identidad y el lugar de pertenencia en la maternidad. De la misma forma, se estableció que la sociedad, a través del discurso, somete a las mujeres a una comunicación de doble vínculo que impide una comprensión clara de la maternidad; la comunidad digital puede ofrecer oportunidades de evitar o superar este doble vínculo. Finalmente, el estudio determinó que existen mujeres que se encuentran en un estado liminal entre el ejercicio de la maternidad y su reconocimiento social como madres. La comunidad virtual puede permitir a las mujeres concluir con ese estado e incorporarse a uno nuevo que valida la maternidad.Palabras clave: maternidad, discurso, crianza, comunidad digital, doble vínculo, rito de pasaje Abstract. This article explores the role of online parenting communities in the exercise of motherhood, within the general concept of “mothering”. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the discursive process of the members of the Breeding Circle of Love and Life was carried out, which consisted of the discussion of the messages generated in the online group and various concepts hood and the way in which new technologies influence and change the way mothers interact to­day. The analysis revealed that the online community plays a role in the way women deconstruct their identity and their place within motherhood. In the same way, it was established that so­ciety, through discourse, subjects women to a double bind communication that prevents a clear understanding of motherhood. The online community can offer opportunities to avoid or over­come this double bind. Finally, the study determined that there are women who are in a liminal state between the exercise of motherhood and their social recognition as mothers. The online community can allow women to end that status and join a new one that validates motherhood.Keywords: motherhood, discourse, breeding, online community, Double Bind, rite of passage
Regulación jurídica y preventiva de la seguridad y salud de la mujer trabajadora
Authors: García Vélez Vanesa
Published: January 2019

Este artículo reseña:  Miren Edurne López Rubia: "Regulación jurídi­ca y preventiva de la seguridad y salud de la mu­jer trabajadora". Cizur Menor: Aranzadi, 2015, 412 p.
Kadar Polifenol Total Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana) Pada Variasi Asal Daerah
Authors: Guntarti Any
Published: January 2019

Background:Mangosteen peel is one of the waste of mangosteen, that nowadays have already utilized much to manage health problems. One of the ingredients in the mangosteen fruit skin is a polyphenols. Objective: to determine the polyphenols content of the ethanol extract of mangosteen peel variations based on different regions. Methods: Powder of dried mangosteen peel that come from 3 difference areas, Sumatera (Pekanbaru), Jawa (Yogyakarta) and Kalimantan (Martapura) extracted with ethanol 70% by multilevel maceration. Extract that obtained than tested specific parameter form of qualitative test of polyphenols compounds with FeCl3, AlCl3, ammonia vapor, Folin Ciucalteau and tannin test. Determination level of polyphenols (Gallic acid) with visible spectrophotometri after reacted with Folin Ciucalteau reagent. Results: The result of this research was quality test of extract etanol 70% Specific parameter test total phenol content (mg GAE/g ekstrak) from Sumatera, Jawa and Kalimantan are :824.13 (mg GAE/g ekstrak); 155,86 (mg GAE/g ekstrak); 688,9 (mg GAE/g ekstrak). Conclusions: There were difference in contents of polyphenol of mangosteen peel origin among Sumatera, Jawa and Kalimantan.
Anti-Inflammatory And Anti-Oxidant Activities Of Glochidion Daltonii Branch Extract
Authors: Junlatat Jintana , Sripanidkulchai Bungorn
Published: January 2019

Background: Glochidion daltonii (MÜll. Arg.) Kurz, Euphorbiaceae family, is a native medicinal plant in tropical regions of Asia. In Thailand, it has traditionally been used for treating pain and mouth inflammation. Objective: This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of G. daltonii ethanolic extract (GDE) both in vitro and in vivo. Method: The anti-inflammatory mechanism was examined in E.coli LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells by using semi-quantitative-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and the potential anti-inflammatory effect of GDE was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rat using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. In addition, DPPH assay was used for anti-oxidant evaluation. Result: The results showed that GDE at 0.063 - 0.250 mg/mL concentrations inhibited the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Moreover, an intraperitoneal administration of GDE significantly reduced paw edema in rats. Furthermore, GDE showed high anti-oxidant property with IC50 values at 6.35 ± 0.28 µg/mL. Conclusion: The results support the traditionally use of GDE for treating inflammation.
Design and Molecular Docking Studies of Quinazoline Derivatives as Antiproliferation
Authors: Widiyana Anita Puspa , Putra Galih Satrio , Muchlashi Luthfi Ahmad , Sulistyowaty Mellany Ika , Budiati Tutuk
Published: January 2019

Background: Nowadays, a lot of new active substances as anticancer agents have been developed. One of the protein targets of anticancer is selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Selective COX-2 is the regulator of cell proliferation. Objective: In this research, quinazoline derivatives were used to design the anticancer agent through a selective COX-2 inhibition. The potential activity of quinazoline derivatives could be increased by substitution in position 2 and 3 of quinazolinone. Molecular docking of selective COX-2 inhibition was required to predict their antiproliferation activity. Methods: The molecular docking of quinazoline derivatives was carried out using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) Ver.5.5. Twenty-one of quinazoline derivatives were docked into selective COX-2 with PDB code 3LN1. The interaction was evaluated based on the re-ranked score comparison between quinazoline derivatives with co-crystallized ligand CEL_682. Celecoxib was used as the reference to this research. Results: The result indicated that 18 of 21 quinazoline derivatives showed the approximately re-ranked score -131.508 to -108.418 kcal/mol. Eight of these 18 new quinazoline derivatives have re-ranked score better than Celecoxib. Conclusions: In conclusion, 8 of the new quinazoline derivatives are feasible to be synthesize and performed their in vitro evaluation.
Profil Pelepasan Andrografolid Granul Kombinasi Ekstrak Terpurifikasi Herba Pegagan (Centeella Asiatica) Dan Sambiloto (Andrographis Paniculata)
Authors: Widyastuti Lina , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Andrografolid merupakan senyawa yang sukar larut dalam air, penentuan jumlah dan profil pelepasan andrografolid dari bentuk sediaan perlu dilakukan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan jumlah dan profil andrografolid yang dilepaskan dari formula granul kombinasi ekstrak terpurifikasi herba pegagan dan herba sambiloto. Hal tersebut untuk memastikan eksipien tidak mengikat zat aktif. Metode: Uji pelepasan dilakukan dengan melakukan uji disolusi menggunakan media dapar asetat pH 4,5. Hasil disolusi granul kombinasi ekstrak terpurifikasi herba pegagan dan herba sambiloto ditentukan menggunakan KLT-densitometri. Hasil: Hasil perhitungan efisiensi disolusi (ED60) sebesar 75,00% ± 1,33. Profil disolusi ditentukan dengan regresi nonlinear dengan pendekatan orde nol, orde 1, Higuchi, Hixon Crowell dan Korsmeyer Peppas. Mekanisme penentuan profil disolusi dari pelepasanan andrografolid dilihat secara visual dari kesesuaian hasil prediksi solver (QPrediksi) dan hasil percobaan (Qobservasi) dengan melihat garis identitas. Kurva dari suatu model yang mendekati garis identitas merupakan gambaran mekanisme pelepasan andrografolid yang dibentuk dengan pendekatan tersebut. Kurva dengan pendekatan Korsmeyer Peppas terlihat lebih dekat dengan garis identitas bila dibandingkan dengan 4 model pendekatan yang lain. Berdasarkan perhitungan regresi nonlinear, pelepasan andrografolid dikontrol dengan mekanisme difusi matriks, yang berarti pelepasan andrografolid dari granul terjadi karena adanya pengikisan lapisan terluar karena Avicel PH 101 terhidrasi dengan cepat. Dengan menggunakan persamaan Korsmeyer-Peppas mekanisme pelepasan andrografolid mengikuti hukum difusi Fick dengan nilai n = 0,320 (< 0,45). Kesimpulan: Jumlah dan profil pelepasan andrografolid dari granul adalah hasil penelitian yang dapat dijadikan suatu referensi untuk menentukan jumlah ekstrak yang dipakai dalam formulasi.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kafein Per Oral terhadap Kadar Gula Darah pada Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Hiperglikemia
Authors: Ni'ma Ana Silvi , Sari Gadis Meinar , Prasetyowati Lucky
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Kafein adalah zat utama yang terkandung dalam kopi yang merupakan minuman yang digemari oleh masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Pengaruh kafein terhadap kadar gula dalam darah masih belum jelas apakah dapat menaikkan atau menurunkan kadar gula darah. Beberapa penelitian membuktikan bahwa kafein dapat meningkatkan kadar gula darah melalui efeknya terhadap penurunan sensitivitas insulin. Sebaliknya, penelitian lain membuktikan bahwa kafein dapat memberikan efek perlindungan tubuh terhadap diabetes mellitus melalui pengaruhnya dalam meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui efek pemberian kafein per oral terhadap kadar gula darah pada tikus normal maupun tikus hiperglikemia. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 36 tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok tikus hiperglikemia yang diberi perlakuan (K1), kelompok tikus hiperglikemia kontrol (K2), kelompok tikus normal yang diberi perlakuan (K3) dan kelompok tikus normal kontrol (K4). Kelompok perlakuan (K1 dan K3) diberi kafein dengan dosis 3,22 mg/200 gram BB per oral setiap hari selama 3 hari. Kadar gula darah diukur sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Analisis data menggunakan paired t-test dan effect size yang memberikan hasil signifikan apabila       p < 0,05. Hasil: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kafein secara oral memberikan efek yang signifikan terhadap kadar gula darah tikus normal dan hiperglikemia. Kesimpulan: Efek pemberian kafein terhadap kadar gula darah pada tikus normal dan hiperglikemia sebesar 81,1% dan 97,7%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian kafein per oral terhadap kadar gula darah tikus normal dan hiperglikemia dapat meningkatkan kadar gula darah pada tikus normal dan hiperglikemia.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan terhadap Penggunaan Obat Parasetamol yang Rasional dalam Swamedikasi (Studi pada Ibu Rumah Tangga di Desa Sumberpoh Kecamatan Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo)
Authors: Oktaviana Elys , Hidayati Ika Ratna , Pristianty Liza
Published: January 2019

Pendahuluan: Obat yang paling banyak digunakan untuk swamedikasi adalah parasetamol. Parasetamol digunakan untuk meredakan nyeri ringan atau sedang dan kondisi demam ringan. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan  terhadap penggunaan obat parasetamol yang rasional dalam swamedikasi pada ibu rumah  tangga di Desa Sumberpoh Kecamatan Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi analitik dengan pendekatan studi cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel adalah 84 responden yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner tertutup. Analisis ini menggunakan metode regresi linier deskriptif dan sederhana. Hasil: Hasil penelitian yaitu ibu rumah tangga yang memiliki pengetahuan baik (39%), cukup baik (51%), kurang baik dan tidak baik masing-masing (5%). Ibu rumah tangga dengan tindakan positif (58%), sedangkan dengan tindakan negatif (42%). Analisis regresi linier nilai signifikan 0,029 < 0,05, nilai t-hitung 2,217 > 1,663. Nilai Rsquare 0,057, nilai R (0,238), persamaan regresi Y = 16,898 + 0,800x. Kesimpulan:  Pengetahuan berpengaruh  terhadap penggunaan obat parasetamol rasional dalam swamedikasi  pada ibu rumah tangga  di Desa Sumberpoh Kecamatan Maron Kabupaten Probolinggo. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat, khususnya ibu rumah tangga di desa Sumberpoh, Kecamatan Maron, Kabupaten Probolinggo disarankan dilakukan penyuluhan tentang penggunaan obat parasetamol yang rasional dalam swamedikasi.
ABC Analysis Towards Drug Needs Planning in Pharmacy Installation of RSUD Kota Yogyakarta In 2010
Authors: Sari Heny Puspa , Danu Sulanto Saleh , Sulistyani Endang
Published: January 2019

Background: Consumption method is one of the standard methods which are used to plan the number of drugs need. This method provides good accuracy of the prediction toward the drug needs planning. However, this does not always provide satisfactory outcomes because this method cannot provide the outlook of the investment value toward each drug. To obtain a plan suitable to the need and purpose, drug planning can be analyzed using several methods; one of them is ABC analysis which is also known also as Pareto or Pareto Law 80/20, a method used in logistic management to classify goods into three based on the investment value, namely A with 75-80%, B with 15-20%, and C with 5-10%. Objective: To obtain the outlook about the process and the outcomes of the ABC analysis towards drug needs planning in Pharmacy Installation of RSUD Kota Yogyakarta in 2010. Methods: The data were collected by collecting and observing the secondary data in 2010, as well as carrying out some deep interviews to some related correspondences. Results: This research showed that the planning process is carried out by the Pharmacist in pharmacy supply sub-division and the correction carried out by the head of the hospital Pharmacy. Moreover, in the hospital there was no special planner team to plan the need of the drug, and there was no involvement from related parties. Drug item from group A has been prioritized. Conclusion: The planning that has been carried out so far was effective and efficient, as can be seen from the planning appropriateness with the highest occurring disease pattern in the hospital from each service unit.
Preparation and Thermal Properties of Polypropylene Foils Filled with Talc or Boron Nitride Microparticles
Authors: Gutzov Stoyan , Danchova Nina , Djoumaliisky Strashimir
Published: January 2019

The preparation and thermal properties of polypropylene foils, filled with ceramic microparticles, talc or boron nitride, are described. A slow, linear increase of thermal conductivity with volume percent of filler up to 30 vol % is detected. Reduction of the foil thickness bellow 200 micrometers leads to a significant increase of thermal conductivity. Specific thermal capacities of foils are temperature dependent, they decrease with filler incorporation.
The Influence of Reading Purpose on Second Language: Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Shuke Huang , Cuiqiong Pan
Published: January 2019

In recent years, the study of incidental vocabulary acquisition has received worldwide attention from scholars at home and abroad. Based on the relevant literature and some relevant empirical studies, this paper mainly explores the influence of reading purposes on the incidental acquisition of second language vocabulary in natural reading. It also put forward some constructive suggestions on how to use these factors to guide students' vocabulary learning.
Implantação e acompanhamento de sistemas agroflorestais no assentamento Sepé Tiarajú/SP
Authors: Camargo Regina AQparecida Leite de , Ramos Filho Luiz Octavio , De Campos Marcelo Odorizzi , Gonçalves Débora
Published: January 2019

Sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) podem, de modo geral, ser definidos como o plantio conjunto de espécies arbóreas e arbustivas, nativas e exóticas, frutíferas e cultivos anuais numa mesma área, de forma a criar um sistema complexo com grande produção de biomassa e manutenção da fertilidade pelo manejo da matéria orgânica e ciclagem dos nutrientes. No assentamento Sepé Tiarajú foram implantados 35 experiências de SAFs entre os anos 2014 e 2016, através do Projeto Microbacias II, do estado de São Paulo. Essas experiências seguiram um desenho geral que contemplava as exigências do financiador, as preferencias do agricultor e os princípios gerais do consórcio de espécies dentro de um SAF. Atualmente algumas dessas experiências estão sendo mapeadas com o uso da ferramenta AutoCAD, para facilitar seu monitoramento por técnicos e agricultores; ao mesmo tempo em que são elaboradas cartilhas personalizadas com as características e usos das principais espécies que o agricultor tem no seu sistema.
NEW DILEMMAS AND NEW DIRECTIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA AFTER APARTHEID
Authors: Anrys Stefaan , Chan David , Sachs Albie
Published: January 2019

On 3 October 2016, Sachs, who collects honorary doctorates and other titles as if they were panini stickers, visited Ghent University for the third Mandela Lecture organised by the Africa Platform of the Ghent University Association, and moderated by Prof. Eva Brems. This interview was conducted on that occasion.

‘Since the attempt on my life, I see everything as rose-tinted’, laughs the man who sur- vived an attack, abolished the death penalty and was close to the ANC leadership. ‘If I were to become pessimistic about South Africa, people would really get scared, they’d say: Oh, even Albie doesn’t like it anymore ’(laughs).

In 1988 Albie Sachs was viciously attacked, losing his right arm and the sight of one eye. He was living in exile in Mozambique at the time, as South Africa suffered under the Apartheid regime. Sachs was one of the prominent freedom fighters, but survived the assassination attempt and eventually became an important member of the ANC, one of the many authors of the Constitution of the new South Africa. He was also invited by Mandela to sit on the Constitutional Court, which abolished the death penalty and forced Parliament to legalise LGBT marriage.

In Ghent, the now 81-year-old freedom fighter nuances the pessimistic news coming out of South Africa. ‘A lot is going wrong in South Africa. But what gives me hope is that people can speak their minds. Our democracy works. Our institutions work, and not just the courts and tribunals. Recently we had elections, and they were free and fair. And yes, the ANC lost the elections. But that is in fact the best evidence that our democracy works.’