bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Noticias
Authors: UB Transfer
Published: January 2023

1) Revista:   Número especial de la revista META : journal des traducteurs/Meta : Translator’s Journal La revista META ha publicado recientemente un número especial (vol. 57, nº 2, junio 2012) sobre “The Manipulation of Audiovisual Translation”. Para más información: http://www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2012/v57/n2/index.html   2) Congreso internacional: CALL FOR PAPERS “Interpreter-mediated interactions: Methodologies and models” LUSPIO (ITALY), 7-9 Nov. 2013 (A tribute to Miriam Shlesinger)   LARIM (Laboratorio di Ricerca sulle Interazioni Mediate dall’Interprete) is a research group on interpreter-mediated interactions set up in October 2012 within the Faculty of Interpreting and Translation (FIT), LUSPIO University in Rome. The main focus of the research group is to promote descriptive studies based on fieldwork and authentic empirical data, with a scientifically sound theoretical and methodological basis.   For more information, visit www.luspio.it   3) Congreso internacional: CALL FOR PAPERS “InDialog - Mapping the Field of Community Interpreting” Russisches Haus der Wissenschaft und Kultur (Berlín), 15–16 Nov. 2013.   Organiza:   ICWE GmbH Leibnizstrasse 32 • 10625 Berlin • Germany Tel.: +49 (0)30 310 18 18-0 • Fax: +49 (0)30 324 98 33 e-mail: info@InDialog-Conference.com www.InDialog-Conference.com; www.expolingua.com; www.icwe.net     For more information, visit: www.InDialog-Conference.com e-mail: info@InDialog-Conference.com   4) Curso de verano sobre traducción:   Translation Group at Imperial College London, August 2013. Intensive Summer Course in Translation Technology Course Content: This intensive course provides practical and theoretical training in some of the most commonly used translation technology, including SDL Trados, Déjà Vu, Lexterm, memoQ and Lingo. The course also includes a module covering English for translators. The course is open to speakers of any language but will be taught in English. Application deadline: 20th May 2013 For more information, visit: www.imperial.ac.uk/humanities/translationgroup/ summertranslationcourses/translationtechnologyintensive To apply for a place, email Lindsay Bywood: l.bywood12@imperial.ac.uk   5) Workshop:   « Metaphor in Engineering Workshop », sobre la traducción de la metáfora; Londres 2014.   Participants should have proven research experience in metaphor studies and be willing to contribute their expertise in the workshop. The Workshop favours preferably young researchers from all over Europe with good knowledge on metaphor use in specialised contexts. Most of the expenses of the trip will be covered by the workshop organization (pending funding availability). If you are interested, please submit a summary of maximum 300 words of your academic record to the following e-mail addresses: silvia.molina@upm.es ; ana.roldan.riejos@upm.es.
ALDOBRANDINO DA SIENA, LA SANITÀ DEL CORPO: VOLGARIZZATO DA ZUCCHERO BENCIVENNI. PROBLEMAS TEXTUALES Y TRADUCCIÓN
Authors: Aramburu Sánchez Celia
Published: January 2023

En las primeras décadas del siglo XIV, el vulgar había estado relegadosobre todo a cuestiones meramente prácticas. El texto que nos ocupa tratade cuestiones cotidianas referentes a la salud, por ello es importante lautilización del vulgar, ya que un tratado medicinal escrito en latín llegaríaa un menor número de personas. Por este motivo Zucchero Bencivenni sepropuso realizar la vulgarización de dicho tratado. Al comienzo de su“vulgarización” especifica que ha sido traducido “di lingua franzese infiorentina”: él no habla de “vulgar”, sino de florentino, ya que en la épocase utilizaban casi indiferentemente los términos “volgare, fiorentino,toscano, italiano”, ya que no habían nacido todavía las disputas quepondrían un poco de claridad a las diferencias entre los distintostérminos.En nuestro análisis trataremos de resolver algunos problemas textuales,sobre todo referidos a algunas denominaciones de plantas yenfermedades que tal vez se deban a que el autor intentó traducir delfrancés al italiano.
LA TRADUCCIÓN EN MÉXICO DE UN SONETO DE JOHN MILTON
Authors: Mugia Mario
Published: January 2023

Este artículo presenta las posibilidades de traducción al español, en México, de un soneto de John Milton. Se ofrece aquí un contex-to histórico-poético de la obra sonetística de Milton, así como un recuento de las estrategias de adaptación y reescritura que se utilizaron para la adaptación de la pieza, la cual formará parte de lo que, se espera, será la primera traducción hispanoamericana de los sonetos completos del poeta inglés.
SOBRE ESTANCIAS, LENGUAS Y TRADUCCIÓN EN "TRANS-ATLANTYK" DE W. GOMBROWICZ Y "NOSTROMO" DE J. CONRAD
Authors: Noelí Fernández Silvana
Published: January 2023

Este artículo se orienta al estudio del lenguaje, la nación y la trade-ción literaria en Nostromo de J. Conrad y Trans-Atlanyk de W. Gombrowicz. Nuestra intención es seguir el itinerario no ortodoxo que ambas novelas plantean y sus implicaciones para los cánones nacionales y la traducción.
FASES Y SENTIDOS DE LA LITERATURA ITALIANA TRADUCIDA EN ARGENTINA: UNA CARTOGRAFÍA POSIBLE
Authors: Cattoni Silvia
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo se propone de manera sistemática aunque provi-soria el panorama de la literatura italiana traducida en Argentina. El objetivo principal es el registro de las fases más fecundas y la inter-pretación de los efectos que la traducción de obras de la literatura italiana ejerció en el sistema literario nacional. En términos generales, es posible afirmar, que desde la conformación del estado argentino y durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, la traducción de obras literarias italianas perseguía, al igual que otras traducciones de litera-turas extranjeras, un propósito pedagógico que permitió ampliar el horizonte cultural de la flamante nación. Fue recién a partir de 1931, con la aparición de la revista Sur y el posterior proyecto editorial impulsado por Victoria Ocampo que la traducción comenzó a conso-lidarse como una práctica de escritura fecunda y beneficiosa para el sistema literario de llegada.
MUJER Y TRADUCCIÓN: UN ESTUDIO SOBRE LA ACTUACIÓN FEMENINA EN LATINOAMÉRICA (1900-1950)
Authors: Souza da Silva Jacicarla
Published: January 2023

Es frente la mirada de revisión de la crítica feminista con relación a las diferentes actividades desempeñadas por las mujeres en el universo letrado que este texto pretende destacar la actuación femenina en el campo de la traducción. Para ello, se busca observar la práctica de la traducción de textos literarios, realizada por mujeres, en especial, durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en el contexto americano, como forma de señalar la representatividad que ellas ejercieron en el escenario intelectual de la época. Todavía se espera con este trabajo discutir la relación entre género y traducción, terreno poco explorado a lo que se refiere los estudios ligados a la producción de autoría femenina.
Introducción
Authors: & Spencer Hawkins Sandra L. Bermann
Published: January 2023

Introducción para Transfer 2019
“UNA ROSA DE MUCHOS OTROS NOMBRES: TRADUCCIÓN, ADAPTACIÓN Y LA ‘NUEVA’ INDUSTRIA DE LA LOCALIZACIÓN”
Authors: Miller J. Scott
Published: January 2023

El surgimiento de la nueva industria de servicios lingüísticos derápido crecimiento conocida como "localización" representa unfenómeno cultural interesante. Examino esta industria desde laperspectiva de prácticas culturales variadas que orbitan alrededor dela noción de traducción y adaptación, identificando una fuertepolaridad corresponsal contra adaptativa. Utilizando ejemplos deadaptaciones japonesas del siglo XIX de textos occidentales, observocómo la dinámica contemporánea del mercado favoreció lasadaptaciones sobre las traducciones correspondientes. A la luz de lasprácticas de localización contemporáneas, sugiero que la aparición dela industria de la "localización" en el mercado global actual nos ayudaa reconsiderar el importante papel que juega la adaptación dentro deldominio de la traducción.
TRADUCIENDO LA SUBJETIVIDAD: LA TRADUCCIÓN DE HU FENG DE UNA NOVELA PROLETARIA SOVIÉTICA
Authors: Zhang Zhen
Published: January 2023

Al renombrado intelectual chino Hu Feng (1902-1985) se le mencionaya sea como el heredero del espíritu crítico del 4 de mayo,especialmente el de Lu Xun (1881-1936), o como el asociado con unfamoso caso de persecución política en los años 1940 y 1950, esdecir, la "Camarilla anti-revolucionaria de Hu Feng". Sin embargo, lalabor del joven Hu Feng como traductor durante sus años en Japónestá algo descuidada. Este artículo sitúa a Hu Feng en el contexto dela literatura proletaria mundial. En él se estudian las actividadesliterarias de Hu Feng en Japón y se analiza su traducción china,Yanggui (1930), de una novela soviética proletaria-utópica tituladaMess Mend, o un yanqui en Petrogrado (1923) mediada a través de unatraducción al japonés. En este artículo argumento que los años enJapón y su traducción de la novela soviética conforman a Hu Fengcomo un pensador de la subjetividad proletaria internacional.
Colaboradores de este número
Authors: Camps Assumpta
Published: January 2023

Lista de los colaboradores/as del Volumen 18, número 1 (2023).
Temperature effects on axial dispersion in a photopolymer-based holographic lens
Authors: Liu Hongpeng , Sun Gaojing , Li Menglin , Li Li , Zhang Jiatong , Tai Hongda , Yu Dan
Published: January 2023

This study aims to discover whether temperature has an effect on axial dispersion in a photopolymer-based holographic lens. A typical coaxial holographic lens is recorded in the acrylamide polymer system. The axial dispersion spectrum is read and collected by using a supercontinuum source and spectrometer. The temperature effects on axial dispersion in a photopolymer-based holographic lens are investigated experimentally. With increasing temperature from 23°C to 70°C, the diffraction spectrum shifts, and the axial dispersion is shortened evidently. The peak wavelength of the dispersion spectrum shifts from 629.05 to 612.50 nm with an obvious blueshift of 16.55 nm. The spatial position of the peak wavelength also decreases from around 40 to 22 mm from the material surface. Simultaneously, the position sensitivity of the device reduces from 2.53 to 1.50 nm/mm. The shortening of the effective focal length and reduction of the diffraction intensity indicate that the high temperature above 40°C is a disadvantageous factor for actual use of a holographic lens-based spectral confocal measuring device. In practical application, a constant temperature is a significant means to ensure the measurement accuracy and range.
Enhanced phase sensitivity in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer via photon recycling
Authors: Li Dong , Yuan Chun-Hua , Ma Xiaoping , Wang Qingle , Lee Hwang , Yao Yao , Zhang Weiping
Published: January 2023

We propose an alternative scheme for phase estimation in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with photon recycling. It is demonstrated that with the same coherent-state input and homodyne detection, our proposal possesses a phase sensitivity beyond the traditional MZI. For instance, it can achieve an enhancement factor of ∼9.32 in the phase sensitivity compared with the conventional scheme even with a photon loss of 10% on the photon-recycled arm. From another point of view, the quantum Cramér-Rao bound (QCRB) is also investigated. It is found that our scheme is able to achieve a lower QCRB than the traditional one. Intriguingly, the QCRB of our scheme is dependent of the phase shift ϕ while the traditional scheme has a constant QCRB regardless of the phase shift. Finally, we present the underlying mechanisms behind the enhanced phase sensitivity. We believe that our results provide another angle from which to enhance the phase sensitivity in a MZI via photon recycling.
Calculations of adsorption-dependent refractive indices of metal-organic frameworks for gas sensing applications
Authors: Salehifar Nahideh , Holtmann Peter , Hungund Abhishek Prakash , Dinani Homayoon Soleimani , Gerald Rex E. , Huang Jie
Published: January 2023

Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is one of the most challenging tasks in modelling breath analyzers because of their low concentrations (parts-per-billion (ppb) to parts-per-million (ppm)) in breath and the high humidity levels in exhaled breaths. The refractive index is one of the crucial optical properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which is changeable via the variation of gas species and concentrations that can be utilized as gas detectors. Herein, for the first time, we used Lorentz–Lorentz, Maxwell–Ga, and Bruggeman effective medium approximation (EMA) equations to compute the percentage change in the index of refraction (Δn%) of ZIF-7, ZIF-8, ZIF-90, MIL-101(Cr) and HKUST-1 upon exposure to ethanol at various partial pressures. We also determined the enhancement factors of the mentioned MOFs to assess the storage capability of MOFs and the biosensors’ selectivity through guest-host interactions, especially, at low guest concentrations.
Proposal for a hybrid clock system consisting of passive and active optical clocks and a fully stabilized microcomb
Authors: Yu Deshui , Vollmer Frank , Del’Haye Pascal , Zhang Shougang
Published: January 2023

Optical atomic clocks produce highly stable frequency standards and frequency combs bridge clock frequencies with hundreds of terahertz difference. In this paper, we propose a hybrid clock scheme, where a light source pumps an active optical clock through a microresonator-based nonlinear third harmonic process, serves as a passive optical clock via indirectly locking its frequency to an atomic transition, and drives a chip-scale microcomb whose mode spacing is stabilized using the active optical clock. The operation of the whole hybrid system is investigated through simulation analysis. The numerical results show: (i) The short-term frequency stability of the passive optical clock follows an Allan deviation of σ
y
(τ) = 9.3 × 10−14τ−1/2 with the averaging time τ, limited by the population fluctuations of interrogated atoms. (ii) The frequency stability of the active optical clock reaches σ
y
(τ) = 6.2 × 10−15τ−1/2, which is close to the quantum noise limit. (iii) The mode spacing of the stabilized microcomb has a shot-noise-limited Allan deviation of σ
y
(τ) = 1.9 × 10−11τ−1/2. Our hybrid scheme may be realized using recently developed technologies in (micro)photonics and atomic physics, paving the way towards on-chip optical frequency comparison, synthesis, and synchronization.
Cavity-enhanced and temporally multiplexed atom-photon entanglement interface
Authors: Liu Hailong , Wang Minjie , Jiao Haole , Lu Jiajin , Fan Wenxin , Li Shujing , Wang Hai
Published: January 2023

Practical realization of quantum repeaters requires quantum memories with high retrieval efficiency, multi-mode storage capacities, and long lifetimes. Here, we report a high-retrieval-efficiency and temporally multiplexed atom-photon entanglement source. A train of 12 write pulses in time is applied to a cold atomic ensemble along different directions, which generates temporally multiplexed pairs of Stokes photons and spin waves via Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller processes. The two arms of a polarization interferometer are used to encode photonic qubits of 12 Stokes temporal modes. The multiplexed spin-wave qubits, each of which is entangled with one Stokes qubit, are stored in a “clock” coherence. A ring cavity that resonates simultaneously with the two arms of the interferometer is used to enhance retrieval from the spin-wave qubits, with the intrinsic retrieval efficiency reaching 70.4%. The multiplexed source gives rise to a ∼12.1-fold increase in atom-photon entanglement-generation probability compared to the single-mode source. The measured Bell parameter for the multiplexed atom-photon entanglement is 2.21(2), along with a memory lifetime of up to ∼125 µs.
Identification of weak molecular absorption in single-wavelength s-SNOM images
Authors: Niehues Iris , Mester Lars , Vicentini Edoardo , Wigger Daniel , Schnell Martin , Hillenbrand Rainer
Published: January 2023

Scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) allows for nanoscale optical mapping of manifold material properties. It is based on interferometric recording of the light scattered at a scanning probe tip. For dielectric samples such as biological materials or polymers, the near-field amplitude and phase signals of the scattered field reveal the local reflectivity and absorption, respectively. Importantly, absorption in s-SNOM imaging corresponds to a positive phase contrast relative to a non-absorbing reference sample. Here, we describe that in certain conditions (weakly or non- absorbing material placed on a highly reflective substrate), a slight negative phase contrast may be observed, which can hinder the recognition of materials exhibiting a weak infrared absorption. We first document this effect and explore its origin using representative test samples. We then demonstrate straightforward simple correction methods that remove the negative phase contrast and that allow for the identification of weak absorption contrasts.
Deep learning method for pinhole array color image reconstruction
Authors: Danan Eliezer , Cohen Noa E. , Schwarz Ariel , Shemer Amir , Danan Yossef
Published: January 2023

The following paper proposes a combination of a supervised encoder-decoder neural network with coded apertures. Coded apertures provide improved sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in planar images. The unique array design of this method overcomes the spatial frequency cutoff found in standard multi-pinhole arrays. In this design, the pinholes were positioned to minimize loss in spatial frequencies. The large number of pinholes results in significant overlapping on the detector. To overcome the overlapping issue, reconstruction of the object from the obtained image is done using inverse filtering methods. However, traces of duplications remain leading to a decline in SNR, contrast, and resolution. The proposed technique addresses the challenge of image distortion caused by the lack of accuracy in the inverse filter methods, by using a deep neural network. In this work, the coded aperture is combined with a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to remove noise caused by pinhole imaging and inverse filter limitations. Compared to only using Wiener filtering, the proposed method delivers higher SNR, contrast, and resolution. The imaging system is presented in detail with experimental results that illustrate its efficiency.
Experimental characterisation of a planar phase-engineered metamaterial lenslet as a proof of concept for millimetre astronomy
Authors: Gascard Thomas , Pisano Giampaolo , Doyle Simon , Thompson Jonathan , shitvov Alexey , Austermann Jason , Beall James , Hubmayer Johannes , Raymond Benjamin , Halverson Nils
Published: January 2023

To unveil presently inscrutable details of the origins of our Universe imprinted in the Cosmic Microwave Background, future experiments in the millimetre and sub-millimetre range are focusing on the detection of fine features which necessitate large and sensitive detector arrays to enable multichroic mapping of the sky. Currently, various approaches for coupling light to such detectors are under investigation, namely: coherently summed hierarchical arrays, platelet horns and antenna coupled planar lenslets. The last option offers increased bandwidth and a simpler fabrication whilst maintaining the desired optical performance. In this work, the design, fabrication and experimental characterisation of a prototype planar metamaterial phase-engineered lenslet operating in W-band [75GHz;110GHz] is presented. Its radiated field, initially modelled and measured on a systematics limited optical bench, is compared against a simulated hyper-hemispherical lenslet, a more established technology. It is reported here that our device reaches the CMB specification for the next stages of experiments, demonstrating power coupling above 95%, beam gaussicity above 97% whilst maintaining ellipticity below 10% and cross-polarisation level below -21dB through its operating bandwidth. Such results underlines the potential advantages our lenslet can offer as focal optics for future CMB experiments.
High-stable plasmonic holographic memory controlled by Ta₂O₅/TiO₂ heterojunction
Authors: Miao Jingying , Wang Yiqian , Qi Xiuping , Liu Hongfang , Tao Yuxin , Li Xin , Fu Shencheng , Zhang Xintong
Published: January 2023

Regulation of optical reversibility is always a fascinating topic. For noble-metal/semiconductor system, bidirectional photochromism weakens the stability of information storage. How to control interfacial electron transfer has become a big challenge for permanent memory. Herein, we construct Ag/Ta₂O₅/TiO₂ dual-heterojunction films as nonvolatile holographic elements. Ta₂O₅/TiO₂ heterojuction plays a role of electron trap to receive the UV-excited electrons in the system. The size distribution of the deposited Ag nanoparticles is widened after introducing Ta₂O₅ onto TiO₂ nanoporous films, accompanied with the improved absorbance in long-wavelength region and enhanced plasmonic surface resonance. Based on such properties, the dual-heterojunction holographic element resists UV damage effectively. Under the repeated stimulus of UV/visible light, it is exhibited that the holographic data retention is gradually enhanced. This work provides a bright way to smart storage and artificial synaptic photonic devices.
Tandem repeats in giant archaeal Borg elements undergo rapid evolution and create new intrinsically disordered regions in proteins
Authors: Schoelmerich Marie Charlotte , Sachdeva Rohan , West-Roberts Jacob , Waldburger Lucas , Banfield Jillian F.
Published: January 2023

Borgs are huge, linear extrachromosomal elements associated with anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea. Striking features of Borg genomes are pervasive tandem direct repeat (TR) regions. Here, we present six new Borg genomes and investigate the characteristics of TRs in all ten complete Borg genomes. We find that TR regions are rapidly evolving, recently formed, arise independently, and are virtually absent in hostMethanoperedensgenomes. Flanking partial repeats and A-enriched character constrain the TR formation mechanism. TRs can be in intergenic regions, where they might serve as regulatory RNAs, or in open reading frames (ORFs). TRs in ORFs are under very strong selective pressure, leading to perfect amino acid TRs (aaTRs) that are commonly intrinsically disordered regions. Proteins with aaTRs are often extracellular or membrane proteins, and functionally similar or homologous proteins often have aaTRs composed of the same amino acids. We propose that Borg aaTR-proteins functionally diversifyMethanoperedensand all TRs are crucial for specific Borg–host associations and possibly cospeciation.
Examining young adults daily perspectives on usage of anxiety apps: A user study
Authors: Balaskas Andreas , Schueller Stephen M. , Cox Anna L. , Rashleigh Chuck , Doherty Gavin
Published: January 2023

The growing number of mental health smartphone applications has led to increased interest in how these tools might support users in different models of care. However, research on the use of these interventions in real-world settings has been scarce. It is important to understand how apps are used in a deployment setting, especially among populations where such tools might add value to current models of care. The objective of this study is to explore the daily use of commercially-available mobile apps for anxiety that integrate CBT, with a focus on understanding reasons for and barriers for app use and engagement. This study recruited 17 young adults (age M = 24.17 years) while on a waiting list to receive therapy in a Student Counselling Service. Participants were asked to select up to two of a list of three selected apps (Wysa, Woebot, and Sanvello) and instructed to use the apps for two weeks. Apps were selected because they used techniques from cognitive behavioral therapy, and offer diverse functionality for anxiety management. Qualitative and quantitative data were gathered through daily questionnaires to capture participants’ experiences with the mobile apps. In addition, eleven semi-structured interviews were conducted at the end of the study. We used descriptive statistics to analyze participants’ interaction with different app features and used a general inductive approach to analyze the collected qualitative data. The results highlight that users form opinions about the apps during the first days of app use. A number of barriers to sustained use are identified including cost-related issues, inadequate content to support long-term use, and a lack of customization options for different app functions. The app features used differ among participants with self-monitoring and treatment elements being the most used features.
Using geographic information systems to link population estimates to wastewater surveillance data in New York State, USA
Authors: Hill Dustin T. , Larsen David A.
Published: January 2023

Sewer systems provide many services to communities that have access to them beyond removal of waste and wastewater. Understanding of these systems’ geographic coverage is essential for wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), which requires accurate estimates for the population contributing wastewater. Reliable estimates for the boundaries of a sewer service area or sewershed can be used to link upstream populations to wastewater samples taken at treatment plants or other locations within a sewer system. These geographic data are usually managed by public utilities, municipal offices, and some government agencies, however, there are no centralized databases for geographic information on sewer systems in New York State. We created a database for all municipal sewersheds in New York State for the purpose of supporting statewide wastewater surveillance efforts to support public health. We used a combination of public tax records with sewer access information, physical maps, and municipal records to organize and draw digital boundaries compatible with geographic information systems. The methods we employed to create these data will be useful to inform similar efforts in other jurisdictions and the data have many public health applications as well as being informative for water/environmental research and infrastructure projects.
Estimates of the cost to build a stand-alone environmental surveillance system for typhoid in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Hagedorn Brittany , Zhou Nicolette A. , Fagnant-Sperati Christine S. , Shirai Jeffry H. , Gauld Jillian , Wang Yuke , Boyle David S. , Meschke John Scott
Published: January 2023

The typhoid conjugate vaccine is a safe and effective method for preventing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (typhoid) and the WHO’s guidance supports its use in locations with ongoing transmission. However, many countries lack a robust clinical surveillance system, making it challenging to determine where to use the vaccine. Environmental surveillance is one alternative approach to identify ongoing transmission, but the cost to implement such a strategy is previously unknown. This paper estimated the cost of setting up and operating an environmental surveillance program for thirteen protocols that are in development, including thirteen cost components and twenty-seven pieces of equipment. Unit costs were obtained from research labs involved in protocol development and equipment information was obtained from manufacturers and the expert opinion of individuals in participating labs. We used Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the costs and the input parameters were modeled as distributions to incorporate the uncertainty. Total costs per sample including setup, overhead, and operational costs, range from $357–794 at a scale of 25 sites to $116–532 at 125 sites. Operational costs (ongoing expenditures) range from $218–584 per sample at a scale of 25 sites to $74–421 at 125 sites. Eleven of the thirteen protocols have operational costs below $200, at this higher scale. Protocols with higher up-front equipment costs benefit more from scale efficiencies and sensitivity analyses show that laboratory labor, processes, and consumables are the primary drivers of uncertainty. At scale, environmental surveillance for typhoid may be affordable (depending on the protocol, scale, and geographic context), though cost will need to be considered alongside future evaluations of test sensitivity. Opportunities to leverage existing infrastructure and multi-disease platforms may be necessary to further reduce costs.
MiR-130b modulates the invasive, migratory, and metastatic behavior of leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Danielson Laura S. , Guijarro Maria V. , Menendez Silvia , Higgins Brett , Sun Qiang , Mittal Khushbakhat , Popiolek Dorota A. , Overholtzer Michael , Palmer Glyn D. , Hernando Eva
Published: January 2023

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is an aggressive, often poorly differentiated cancer of the smooth muscle (SM) lineage for which the molecular drivers of transformation and progression are poorly understood. In microRNA (miRNA) profiling studies, miR-130b was previously found to be upregulated in LMS vs. normal SM, and down-regulated during the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into SM, suggesting a role in LMS tumor progression. In the present study, the effects of miR-130b on human LMS tumorigenesis were investigated. Stable miR-130b overexpression enhanced invasion of LMS cells in vitro, and led to the formation of undifferentiated, pleomorphic tumors in vivo, with increased growth and metastatic potential compared to control LMS cells. TSC1 was identified as a direct miR-130b target in luciferase-3’UTR assays, and shRNA-mediated knockdown of TSC1 replicated miR-130b effects. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies showed that miR-130b levels regulate cell morphology and motility. Following miR-130b suppression, LMS cells adopted a rounded morphology, amoeboid mode of cell movement and enhanced invasive capacity that was Rho/ROCK dependent. Conversely, miR-130b-overexpressing LMS cells exhibited Rho-independent invasion, accompanied by down-regulation of Rho-pathway effectors. In mesenchymal stem cells, both miR-130b overexpression and TSC1 silencing independently impaired SM differentiation in vitro. Together, the data reveal miR-130b as a pro-oncogenic miRNA in LMS and support a miR-130b-TSC1 regulatory network that enhances tumor progression via inhibition of SM differentiation.
The Genomic landscape of short tandem repeats across multiple ancestries
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Prashanth , Batalov Sergey , Ding Yan , Sanford Erica , Kingsmore Stephen F. , Dimmock David , Hobbs Charlotte , Bainbridge Matthew
Published: January 2023

Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) have been found to play a role in a myriad of complex traits and genetic diseases. We examined the variability in the lengths of over 850,000 STR loci in 996 children with suspected genetic disorders and 1,178 parents across six separate ancestral groups: Africans, Europeans, East Asians, Admixed Americans, Non-admixed Americans, and Pacific Islanders. For each STR locus we compared allele length between and within each ancestry group. In relation to Europeans, admixed Americans had the most similar STR lengths with only 623 positions either significantly expanded or contracted, while the divergence was highest in Africans, with 4,933 chromosomal positions contracted or expanded. We also examined probands to identify STR expansions at known pathogenic loci. The genes TCF4, AR, and DMPK showed significant expansions with lengths 250% greater than their various average allele lengths in 49, 162, and 11 individuals respectively. All 49 individuals containing an expansion in TCF4 and six individuals containing an expansion in DMPK presented with allele lengths longer than the known pathogenic length for these genes. Next, we identified individuals with significant expansions in highly conserved loci across all ancestries. Eighty loci in conserved regions met criteria for divergence. Two of these individuals were found to have exonic STR expansions: one in ZBTB4 and the other in SLC9A7, which is associated with X-linked mental retardation. Finally, we used parent-child trios to detect and analyze de novo mutations. In total, we observed 3,219 de novo expansions, where proband allele lengths are greater than twice the longest parental allele length. This work helps lay the foundation for understanding STR lengths genome-wide across ancestries and may help identify new disease genes and novel mechanisms of pathogenicity in known disease genes.
Spontaneous mind wandering impairs model-based decision making
Authors: Liu Shuyan , Rabovsky Milena , Schad Daniel J.
Published: January 2023

Background

If our attention wanders to other thoughts while making a decision, then the decision might not be directed towards future goals, reflecting a lack of model-based decision making, but may instead be driven by habits, reflecting model-free decision making. Here we aimed to investigate if and how model-based versus model-free decision making is reduced by trait spontaneous mind wandering.

Methods and findings

We used a sequential two-step Markov decision task and a self-report questionnaire assessing trait spontaneous and deliberate mind wandering propensity, to investigate how trait mind wandering relates to model-free as well as model-based decisions. We estimated parameters of a computational neurocognitive dual-control model of decision making. Analyzing estimated model parameters, we found that trait spontaneous mind wandering was related to impaired model-based decisions, while model-free choice stayed unaffected.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest trait spontaneous mind wandering is associated with impaired model-based decision making, and it may reflect model-based offline replay for other tasks (e.g., real-life goals) outside the current lab situation.
Towards the sustainable development of logistics system model: A system dynamics approach
Authors: Ji Xuehua , Zhai Yue , Fu Shaochuan , Lu Changxiang
Published: January 2023

The contradiction between the limited service capacity of system and the explosive growth of demand has hampered the sustainable development of logistics system. Taking into account the structure of logistics system, this study introduces a system dynamics approach to explore the complex correlation and coupling structure of system, analyzes the multiple feedback loops and design the different scenarios. Results show that the validity and rationality of logistics system model, and the error percentage of GDP and logistics demand factors less than 6%. The influence of the investment in reverse logistics, logistics management, information and organizational management factor on the service quality of logistics system increases in turn. Additionally, adjustment of industrial structure has a significant impact on the investment in information management factor, and highway transportation plays a key role in influencing logistics energy consumption and carbon emissions indexes. The findings can provide valuable references and methodologies, as well as support for decision-making in the sustainable development of logistics system.
A tissue-specific profile of miRNAs and their targets related to paeoniaflorin and monoterpenoids biosynthesis in Paeonia lactiflora Pall. by transcriptome, small RNAs and degradome sequencing
Authors: Xu Pan , Li Quanqing , Liang Weiqing , Hu Yijuan , Chen Rubing , Lou Kelang , Zhan Lianghui , Wu Xiaojun , Pu Jinbao
Published: January 2023

Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Paeonia) has aroused many concerns due to its extensive medicinal value, in which monoterpene glucoside paeoniflorin and its derivatives are the active chemical components. However, little is known in the molecular mechanism of monoterpenoids biosynthesis, and the regulation network between small RNAs and mRNAs in monoterpenoids biosynthesis has not been investigated yet. Herein, we attempted to reveal the tissue-specific regulation network of miRNAs and their targets related to paeoniaflorin and monoterpenoids biosynthesis in Paeonia by combining mRNA and miRNA expression data with degradome analysis. In all, 289 miRNAs and 30177 unigenes were identified, of which nine miRNAs from seven miRNA families including miR396, miR393, miR835, miR1144, miR3638, miR5794 and miR9555 were verified as monoterpenoids biosynthesis-related miRNAs by degradome sequencing. Moreover, the co-expression network analysis showed that four monoterpenoids-regulating TFs, namely AP2, MYBC1, SPL12 and TCP2, were putatively regulated by five miRNAs including miR172, miR828, miR858, miR156 and miR319, respectively. The present study will improve our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the paeoniaflorin and monoterpenoids biosynthesis mediated by miRNA to a new level, and provide a valuable resource for further study on Paeonia.
The relationship between Internet use and mental health of the elderly: Analysis of the differences between urban and rural
Authors: Xu Jinyan , Zhang Qianqian
Published: January 2023

Internet use has an important impact on the elderly health. Based on the data of China General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2017, Model 4 and Model 14 in PROCESS were used to test the mechanism of Internet use on the mental health of the elderly, and further compare the differences between urban and rural elderly. The results are that Internet can positively predict the mental health of the whole sample and the urban elderly, but it has no significant predictive effect on the rural elderly; Internet can negatively predict the alienation of whole sample and urban and rural elderly; Alienation has a partly mediated effect between internet use and mental health of the whole elderly; "Internet using—alienation—mental health" the second path was moderated by embodied cultural capital in the whole sample and in the urban elderly. The conclusions are that Internet has a protective effect on the mental health of the elderly, and the mental health can be improved by reducing alienation. Increasing the use of the Internet and embodied cultural capital is an effective way to improve the mental health of the elderly. It is necessary to provide more internet access opportunities for the elderly, especially those in rural areas, increase the accessibility of embodied cultural capital, and bridge the digital divide between urban and rural elderly.
Unpacking trust: The Italian validation of the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ)
Authors: Liotti Marianna , Milesi Alberto , Spitoni Grazia Fernanda , Tanzilli Annalisa , Speranza Anna Maria , Parolin Laura , Campbell Chloe , Fonagy Peter , Lingiardi Vittorio , Giovanardi Guido
Published: January 2023

The construct of epistemic trust has received much consideration in recent psychological literature, even though mainly from a theoretical perspective. The overall aim of this study was to validate the first self-report measure of epistemic trust–the Epistemic Trust, Mistrust, and Credulity Questionnaire (ETMCQ)–in an Italian sample. Our primary goal was to test the factorial validity of the instrument, also exploring the influence of age, gender, and level of education on epistemic trust (Study 1, n = 843). Secondarily, we investigated the associations between epistemic trust, mistrust, credulity, and other aspects of psychological functioning, as well as with the presence of adverse childhood experiences in a smaller number of participants (Study 2, n = 445). Besides the ETMCQ, the survey included an ad hoc questionnaire investigating socio-demographic characteristics and self-report measures of reflective functioning, mentalized affectivity, traumatic experiences, attachment, and psychological symptoms. Statistical analysis showed a three-factor hierarchical structure similar to the model proposed in the original validation, with some differences that suggest an influence of cultural factors in determining individuals’ epistemic stance. Our results corroborate previous theoretical contributions regarding the association between epistemic trust and psychological wellbeing, and between epistemic disruptions and higher levels of psychological suffering. Both Mistrust and Credulity were significantly related to the presence of childhood traumatic experiences, attachment avoidance and anxiety, lower levels of mentalization, lower abilities in emotional regulation, and higher levels of psychopathological symptoms. The ETMCQ represents an easily administered and time-effective tool. Its use could pave the way for interesting clinical and theoretical findings.
Validity of constructed-response situational judgment tests in training programs for the health professions: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Mortaz Hejri Sara , Ho Jordan L. , Pan Xuan , Park Yoon Soo , Sam Amir H. , Mangardich Haykaz , MacIntosh Alexander
Published: January 2023

Background

Situational judgments tests have been increasingly used to help training programs for the health professions incorporate professionalism attributes into their admissions process. While such tests have strong psychometric properties for testing professional attributes and are feasible to implement in high-volume, high-stakes selection, little is known about constructed-response situational judgment tests and their validity.

Methods

We will conduct a systematic review of primary published or unpublished studies reporting on the association between scores on constructed-response situational judgment tests and scores on other tests that measure personal, interpersonal, or professional attributes in training programs for the health professions. In addition to searching electronic databases, we will contact academics and researchers and undertake backward and forward searching. Two reviewers will independently screen the papers and decide on their inclusion, first based on the titles and abstracts of all citations, and then according to the full texts. Data extraction will be done independently by two reviewers using a data extraction form to chart study details and key findings. Studies will be assessed for the risk of bias and quality by two reviewers using the “Quality In Prognosis Studies” tool. To synthesize evidence, we will test the statistical heterogeneity and conduct a psychometric meta-analysis using a random-effects model. If adequate data are available, we will explore whether the meta-analytic correlation varies across different subgroups (e.g., race, gender).

Discussion

The findings of this study will inform best practices for admission and selection of applicants for training programs for the health professions and encourage further research on constructed-response situational judgment tests, in particular their validity.

Trial registration

The protocol for this systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO [CRD42022314561]. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022314561.
Impact of updated trial data on the cost-effectiveness of percutaneous mitral repair
Authors: Connock Martin , Auguste Peter , Obadia Jean-François , Andronis Lazaros , Armoiry Xavier
Published: January 2023

When updated clinical trial data becomes available reassessing the cost-effectiveness of technologies may modify estimates and influence decision-making. We investigated the impact of updated trial outcomes on the cost-effectiveness of percutaneous mitral repair (PR) for secondary mitral regurgitation. We updated our previous three-state time-varying Markov model to assess the cost-effectiveness of PR + guideline directed medical treatment (GDMT) versus GDMT alone. Key clinical inputs (overall survival (OS) and heart failure hospitalisations (HFH)) were obtained using the 3-year trial findings from the COAPT (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy) RCT. We calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) and report how these differ between analyses based on early (2-year) and updated (3-year) evidence. Updated trial data showed an increase in mortality in the intervention arm between two and three years follow-up that was not seen in the control arm. Deterministic and multivariate cost-effectiveness modelling yielded incremental cost effectiveness ratios ICERs of €38,123 and €31,227 /QALY. Compared to our 2-year based estimate (€21,918 / QALY) these results imply an approximate 1.5-fold increase in ICER. The availability of updated survival analyses from the COAPT pivotal trial suggests previous estimates based on 2-year trial findings were over optimistic for the intervention.
Effect of field strength on RF power deposition near conductive leads: A simulation study of SAR in DBS lead models during MRI at 1.5 T—10.5 T
Authors: Kazemivalipour Ehsan , Sadeghi-Tarakameh Alireza , Keil Boris , Eryaman Yigitcan , Atalar Ergin , Golestanirad Laleh
Published: January 2023

Background

Since the advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nearly four decades ago, there has been a quest for ever-higher magnetic field strengths. Strong incentives exist to do so, as increasing the magnetic field strength increases the signal-to-noise ratio of images. However, ensuring patient safety becomes more challenging at high and ultrahigh field MRI (i.e., ≥3 T) compared to lower fields. The problem is exacerbated for patients with conductive implants, such as those with deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices, as excessive local heating can occur around implanted lead tips. Despite extensive effort to assess radio frequency (RF) heating of implants during MRI at 1.5 T, a comparative study that systematically examines the effects of field strength and various exposure limits on RF heating is missing.

Purpose

This study aims to perform numerical simulations that systematically compare RF power deposition near DBS lead models during MRI at common clinical and ultra-high field strengths, namely 1.5, 3, 7, and 10.5 T. Furthermore, we assess the effects of different exposure constraints on RF power deposition by imposing limits on either the B1+ or global head specific absorption rate (SAR) as these two exposure limits commonly appear in MRI guidelines.

Methods

We created 33 unique DBS lead models based on postoperative computed tomography (CT) images of patients with implanted DBS devices and performed electromagnetic simulations to evaluate the SAR of RF energy in the tissue surrounding lead tips during RF exposure at frequencies ranging from 64 MHz (1.5 T) to 447 MHz (10.5 T). The RF exposure was implemented via realistic MRI RF coil models created based on physical prototypes built in our institutions. We systematically examined the distribution of local SAR at different frequencies with the input coil power adjusted to either limit the B1+ or the global head SAR.

Results

The MRI RF coils at higher resonant frequencies generated lower SARs around the lead tips when the global head SAR was constrained. The trend was reversed when the constraint was imposed on B1+.

Conclusion

At higher static fields, MRI is not necessarily more dangerous than at lower fields for patients with conductive leads. Specifically, when a conservative safety criterion, such as constraints on the global SAR, is imposed, coils at a higher resonant frequency tend to generate a lower local SAR around implanted leads due to the decreased B1+ and, by proxy, E field levels.