bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic Games for Facilitating Social Interaction Between Parents With Cancer and Their Children During Hospitalization: Interdisciplinary Game Development
Authors: Piil Karin , Gyldenvang Helle Holm , Møller Jeppe Kilberg , Kjoelsen Tine , Juul Jesper , Pappot Helle
Published: January 2021

Background

Most cancer treatments today take place in outpatient clinics; however, it might be necessary for some patients to be admitted to hospital departments due to severe side effects or complications. In such situations, support from family and social relations can be crucial for the patients’ emotional well-being. Many young adolescents and children whose parents have cancer describe how they are not seen, heard, or listened to as the worried relatives they are. Within the intensive care unit, it has been recommended that early supportive interventions are tailored to include children of the intensive care patient; a similar approach might be relevant in the oncological setting. To our knowledge, no studies have explored how to involve young relatives who are visiting their parent at an oncological department. Recently, a framework for developing theory-driven, evidence-based serious games for health has been suggested. Such a process would include stakeholders from various disciplines, who only work toward one specific solution. However, it is possible that bringing together different disciplines, such as design, art, and health care, would allow a broader perspective, resulting in improved solutions.

Objective

This study aims to develop tools to enhance the social interaction between a parent with cancer and their child when the child visits the parent in the hospital.

Methods

In total, 4 groups of design students within the Visual Design program were tasked with developing games addressing the objective of strengthening relations in situ during treatment. To support their work, the applied methods included professional lectures, user studies, and visual communication (phase I); interviews with the relevant clinicians at the hospital (phase II), co-creative workshops with feedback (phase III), and evaluation sessions with selected populations (phase IV). The activities in the 4 phases were predefined. This modified user design had the child (aged 4-18 years) of a parent with cancer as its primary user.

Results

Overall, 4 different games were designed based on the same information. All games had the ability to make adults with cancer and their children interact on a common electronic platform with a joint goal. However, the interaction, theme, and graphical expression differed between the games, suggesting that this is a wide and fertile field to explore.

Conclusions

Playing a game can be an efficient way to create social interaction between a parent with cancer and a child or an adolescent, potentially improving the difficult social and psychological relations between them. The study showed that the development of serious games can be highly dependent on the designers involved and the processes used. This must be considered when a hospital aims to develop multiple games for different purposes.
Technology to Improve Autonomy and Inform Housing Decisions for Older Adults With Memory Problems Who Live at Home in Canada, Sweden, and the Netherlands: Protocol for a Multipronged Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Sturge Jodi , Meijering Louise , Jones C Allyson , Garvelink Mirjam , Caron Danielle , Nordin Susanna , Elf Marie , Légaré France
Published: January 2021

Background

Understanding the mobility patterns and experiences of older adults with memory problems living at home has the potential to improve autonomy and inform shared decision making (SDM) about their housing options.

Objective

We aim to (1) assess the mobility patterns and experiences of older adults with memory problems, (2) co-design an electronic decision support intervention (e-DSI) that integrates users’ mobility patterns and experiences, (3) explore their intention to use an e-DSI to support autonomy at home, and (4) inform future SDM processes about housing options.

Methods

Informed by the Good Reporting of A Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) reporting guidelines, we will conduct a 3-year, multipronged mixed methods study in Canada, Sweden, and the Netherlands. For Phase 1, we will recruit a convenience sample of 20 older adults living at home with memory problems from clinical and community settings in each country, for a total of 60 participants. We will ask participants to record their mobility patterns outside their home for 14 days using a GPS tracker and a travel diary; in addition, we will conduct a walking interview and a final debrief interview after 14 days. For Phase 2, referring to results from the first phase, we will conduct one user-centered co-design process per country with older adults with memory issues, caregivers, health care professionals, and information technology representatives informed by the Double Diamond method. We will ask participants how personalized information about mobility patterns and experiences could be added to an existing e-DSI and how this information could inform SDM about housing options. For Phase 3, using online web-based surveys, we will invite 210 older adults with memory problems and/or their caregivers, split equally across the three countries, to use the e-DSI and provide feedback on its strengths and limitations. Finally, in Phase 4, we will triangulate and compare data from all phases and countries to inform a stakeholder meeting where an action plan will be developed.

Results

The study opened for recruitment in the Netherlands in November 2018 and in Canada and Sweden in December 2019. Data collection will be completed by April 2021.

Conclusions

This project will explore how e-DSIs can integrate the mobility patterns and mobility experiences of older adults with memory problems in three countries, improve older adults’ autonomy, and, ultimately, inform SDM about housing options.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04267484; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04267484

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/19244
Risk Stratification for Early Detection of Diabetes and Hypertension in Resource-Limited Settings: Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Boutilier Justin J , Chan Timothy C Y , Ranjan Manish , Deo Sarang
Published: January 2021

Background

The impending scale up of noncommunicable disease screening programs in low- and middle-income countries coupled with limited health resources require that such programs be as accurate as possible at identifying patients at high risk.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop machine learning–based risk stratification algorithms for diabetes and hypertension that are tailored for the at-risk population served by community-based screening programs in low-resource settings.

Methods

We trained and tested our models by using data from 2278 patients collected by community health workers through door-to-door and camp-based screenings in the urban slums of Hyderabad, India between July 14, 2015 and April 21, 2018. We determined the best models for predicting short-term (2-month) risk of diabetes and hypertension (a model for diabetes and a model for hypertension) and compared these models to previously developed risk scores from the United States and the United Kingdom by using prediction accuracy as characterized by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the number of false negatives.

Results

We found that models based on random forest had the highest prediction accuracy for both diseases and were able to outperform the US and UK risk scores in terms of AUC by 35.5% for diabetes (improvement of 0.239 from 0.671 to 0.910) and 13.5% for hypertension (improvement of 0.094 from 0.698 to 0.792). For a fixed screening specificity of 0.9, the random forest model was able to reduce the expected number of false negatives by 620 patients per 1000 screenings for diabetes and 220 patients per 1000 screenings for hypertension. This improvement reduces the cost of incorrect risk stratification by US $1.99 (or 35%) per screening for diabetes and US $1.60 (or 21%) per screening for hypertension.

Conclusions

In the next decade, health systems in many countries are planning to spend significant resources on noncommunicable disease screening programs and our study demonstrates that machine learning models can be leveraged by these programs to effectively utilize limited resources by improving risk stratification.
A Machine Learning Prediction Model of Respiratory Failure Within 48 Hours of Patient Admission for COVID-19: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Bolourani Siavash , Brenner Max , Wang Ping , McGinn Thomas , Hirsch Jamie S , Barnaby Douglas , Zanos Theodoros P ,   Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium
Published: January 2021

Background

Predicting early respiratory failure due to COVID-19 can help triage patients to higher levels of care, allocate scarce resources, and reduce morbidity and mortality by appropriately monitoring and treating the patients at greatest risk for deterioration. Given the complexity of COVID-19, machine learning approaches may support clinical decision making for patients with this disease.

Objective

Our objective is to derive a machine learning model that predicts respiratory failure within 48 hours of admission based on data from the emergency department.

Methods

Data were collected from patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Northwell Health acute care hospitals and were discharged, died, or spent a minimum of 48 hours in the hospital between March 1 and May 11, 2020. Of 11,525 patients, 933 (8.1%) were placed on invasive mechanical ventilation within 48 hours of admission. Variables used by the models included clinical and laboratory data commonly collected in the emergency department. We trained and validated three predictive models (two based on XGBoost and one that used logistic regression) using cross-hospital validation. We compared model performance among all three models as well as an established early warning score (Modified Early Warning Score) using receiver operating characteristic curves, precision-recall curves, and other metrics.

Results

The XGBoost model had the highest mean accuracy (0.919; area under the curve=0.77), outperforming the other two models as well as the Modified Early Warning Score. Important predictor variables included the type of oxygen delivery used in the emergency department, patient age, Emergency Severity Index level, respiratory rate, serum lactate, and demographic characteristics.

Conclusions

The XGBoost model had high predictive accuracy, outperforming other early warning scores. The clinical plausibility and predictive ability of XGBoost suggest that the model could be used to predict 48-hour respiratory failure in admitted patients with COVID-19.
Using Fitbit as an mHealth Intervention Tool to Promote Physical Activity: Potential Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Balbim Guilherme M , Marques Isabela G , Marquez David X , Patel Darshilmukesh , Sharp Lisa K , Kitsiou Spyros , Nyenhuis Sharmilee M
Published: January 2021

Consumer-based physical activity (PA) trackers, also known as wearables, are increasingly being used in research studies as intervention or measurement tools. One of the most popular and widely used brands of PA trackers is Fitbit. Since the release of the first Fitbit in 2009, hundreds of experimental studies have used Fitbit devices to facilitate PA self-monitoring and behavior change via goal setting and feedback tools. Fitbit’s ability to capture large volumes of PA and physiological data in real time creates enormous opportunities for researchers. At the same time, however, it introduces a number of challenges (eg, technological, operational, logistical), most of which are not sufficiently described in study publications. Currently, there are no technical reports, guidelines, nor other types of publications discussing some of these challenges and offering guidance to researchers on how to best incorporate Fitbit devices in their study design and intervention to achieve their research goals. As a result, researchers are often left alone to discover and address some of these issues during the study through “trial and error.” This paper aims to address this gap. Drawing on our cumulative experience of conducting multiple studies with various Fitbit PA trackers over the years, we present and discuss various key challenges associated with the use of Fitbit PA trackers in research studies. Difficulties with the use of Fitbit PA trackers are encountered throughout the entire research process. Challenges and solutions are categorized in 4 main categories: study preparation, intervention delivery, data collection and analysis, and study closeout. Subsequently, we describe a number of empirically tested strategies used in 4 of our interventional studies involving participants from a broad range of demographic characteristics, racial/ethnic backgrounds, and literacy levels. Researchers should be prepared to address challenges and issues in a timely fashion to ensure that the Fitbit effectively assists participants and researchers in achieving research and outcome goals.
mHealth App for Pressure Ulcer Wound Assessment in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury: Clinical Validation Study
Authors: Do Khac Ariane , Jourdan Claire , Fazilleau Sylvain , Palayer Claire , Laffont Isabelle , Dupeyron Arnaud , Verdun Stéphane , Gelis Anthony
Published: January 2021

Background

Clinical evaluation of a pressure ulcer is based on quantitative and qualitative evaluation. In clinical practice, acetate tracing is the standard technique used to measure wound surface area; however, it is difficult to use in daily practice (because of material availability, data storage issues, and time needed to calculate the surface area). Planimetry techniques developed with mobile health (mHealth) apps can be used to overcome these difficulties.

Objective

The goal of this study was to evaluate the metrological properties of a free-access mHealth app, called imitoMeasure, to assess pressure ulcers.

Methods

This was a noninterventional, validation study. We included patients with spinal cord injury presenting with a pressure ulcer, regardless of its stage or location. We performed wound measurements with a ruler, and we performed acetate tracing using a transparent dressing with a wound measurement grid. Wound evaluation via the mHealth app was conducted twice by the main investigator and also by a coinvestigator to determine validity, intrarater reproducibility, and interrater reproducibility. Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients were used to compute the minimal detectable change percentage.

Results

Overall, 61 different pressure ulcers were included. The validity, intrarater reproducibility, and interrater reproducibility of the mHealth app vs acetate tracing (considered the method of reference) were good, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.97 (95% CI 0.93-0.99), 0.99 (95% CI 0.98-0.99), and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99), respectively, and minimal detectable change percentages between 17% and 35%.

Conclusions

The imitoMeasure app had good validity and reproducibility. It could be an alternative to standard wound assessment methods. Further studies on larger and more diverse wounds are needed.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04402398; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04402398
Application of Robot Positioning for Cannulated Screw Internal Fixation in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wan Lei , Zhang Xiangyun , Wu Dalong , Li Zhihao , Yuan Dongtao , Li Junming , Zhang Shikui , Yue Long , Zhang Shao'an
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Femoral neck fracture is a common type of hip fracture. Conventional surgical treatment aims at fixing the fracture site with screws and then gradually promoting bone healing. A robot-assisted orthopedic surgery system is computer technology applied to surgical treatment.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and prognostic value of percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation using robot-assisted positioning in patients with femoral neck fractures.

METHODS

From July 2018 to September 2019, 42 cases of femoral neck fracture admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College were randomly and averagely divided into control and study groups. The patients in the control group were treated with conventional percutaneous cannulated screw internal fixation, while the patients in the study group were treated with robot-assisted percutaneous cannulated screw fixation during surgical treatment. We compared the treatment conditions and results of the operation between the 2 groups. The Harris score was used to evaluate the treatment efficacy. The state of fracture healing was followed up and compared between the 2 groups.

RESULTS

The duration of the operation was shorter, there was less fluoroscopy use, and there were fewer drilled holes in the study group than in the control group (all, P<.001). There was no statistical difference in the amount of intraoperative bleeding between the 2 groups (P=.33). The Harris score (P=.045) and number of excellent and good ratings (P=.01) were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group. The difference in the fracture healing rate between the 2 groups was not statistically significant (P=.23). The fracture healing duration of the study group was shorter than that of the control group (P=.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The use of robotic positioning aids in the treatment of femoral neck fractures with percutaneous cannulated screw fixation can effectively improve the efficiency of surgery, shorten the duration of surgery, and reduce the radiation damage to patients. Meanwhile, it improves postoperative treatment and recovery rates of the patients and shortens the fracture healing time.
Innovative mobile-health led Participatory Approach to Comprehensive Screening and Treatment of Diabetes (IMPACT Diabetes): Rationale, Design and Baseline Characteristics (Preprint)
Authors: Bassi Abhinav , Arfin Sumaiya , John Oommen , Praveen Devarsetty , Arora Varun , Kalra O.P. , Madhu S. V. , Jha Vivekanand
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

India has 66 million people with diabetes, of which a large proportion do not receive adequate care. The Primary Health Centres across rural and urban areas serve as platforms for continuum of care and early detection of diabetes in the population. The untapped potential of frontline health care workforce can act as a means to bridge the gaps of service demands.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to develop and evaluate a technology-enabled system-level intervention based around the community health workers [Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA)] and primary-care physicians, and mobile tablet-based clinical decision support system to improve the identification and management of individuals with diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in primary care settings in India.

METHODS

A cluster-randomized trial in sixteen villages/peri-urban areas in Andhra Pradesh and Haryana will test the preliminary effectiveness of this intervention. An independent evaluation will compare the difference in the proportion of participants with diabetes having a 0.5% reduction in HBA1c (measured at baseline and end-line) in intervention and usual-care arm. Qualitative interviews of physicians, ASHA, and community members will ascertain the intervention acceptability and feasibility.

RESULTS

A total of 1785 adults over 30 years (females: 53.2%; median age: 50 years) were screened. ASHAs achieved 100% completeness of data for all anthropometric, blood-pressure, and blood-glucose measures. At baseline, 63% of the participants were overweight/obese, 27.8% had elevated blood-pressure, 20.3% were at high-risk for CVD, and 21.3% had elevated blood-glucose. Half of the individuals with diabetes were newly diagnosed.

CONCLUSIONS

Transfers of simple clinical procedures from physicians to non-physician health workers, with the help of technology, can support the provision of healthcare in under-served communities. The preliminary findings suggest that community health workers can successfully screen and refer patients with diabetes and/or CVD to physicians in the Indian primary healthcare system. The proposed model can be adapted for larger trial sand tested for other commonly prevalent disease conditions.

CLINICALTRIAL
Profiling and Browsing Functional Level Indicators for Patients with Central Nervous System Injuries Using HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (Preprint)
Authors: Jung Hyung Jung , Kim Hwa Sun
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Standards-based modeling of electronic health record (EHR) data is important for the interoperability and reusage of data. Combining unstructured data into standard data models in existing clinical data can be problematic because of the different types of systems.

OBJECTIVE

To overcome this problem, previously structured or unstructured EHR data were developed into an expansible standards-based framework using Health Level 7 (HL7) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR).

METHODS

FHIR resources and related properties on indicators were extracted to continuously monitor functional recovery and confirm the treatment effects of integrated care using eastern and western medicine in patients with central nervous system (CNS) injuries. FHIR elements were manually annotated in clinical records generated during patient treatment.

RESULTS

The results demonstrated the suitability of FHIR-based systems in normalizing both structured and unstructured EHR data.

CONCLUSIONS

Clinical research plays a vital role in advancing medical knowledge and improving clinical outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was obtained for access to data on patients who were admitted and treated for more than 3 months in the Department of Rehabilitation for CNS injury between December 2015 and July 2019 (CR-19-115-L).
Polar Vantage and Oura Physical Activity and Sleep Trackers: Validation and Comparison Study (Preprint)
Authors: Henriksen André , Svartdal Frode , Grimsgaard Sameline , Hartvigsen Gunnar , Hopstock Laila Arnesdatter
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Consumer-based activity trackers are increasingly used in research, as they have the potential to promote increased physical activity and can be used for estimating physical activity among participants. However, the accuracy of newer consumer-based devices is mostly unknown, and validation studies are needed.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to compare the Polar Vantage watch (Polar Electro Oy) and Oura ring (generation 2; Ōura Health Oy) activity trackers to research-based instruments for measuring physical activity, total energy expenditure, resting heart rate, and sleep duration in free-living adults.

METHODS

A total of 21 participants wore 2 consumer-based activity trackers (Polar watch and Oura ring), an ActiGraph accelerometer (ActiGraph LLC), and an Actiheart accelerometer and heart rate monitor (CamNtech Ltd) and completed a sleep diary for up to 7 days. We assessed Polar watch and Oura ring validity and comparability for measuring physical activity, total energy expenditure, resting heart rate (Oura), and sleep duration. We analyzed repeated measures correlations, Bland-Altman plots, and mean absolute percentage errors.

RESULTS

The Polar watch and Oura ring values strongly correlated (P<.001) with the ActiGraph values for steps (Polar: r=0.75, 95% CI 0.54-0.92; Oura: r=0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.87), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (Polar: r=0.76, 95% CI 0.62-0.88; Oura: r=0.70, 95% CI 0.49-0.82), and total energy expenditure (Polar: r=0.69, 95% CI 0.48-0.88; Oura: r=0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.83) and strongly or very strongly correlated (P<.001) with the sleep diary–derived sleep durations (Polar: r=0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.88; Oura: r=0.82, 95% CI 0.68-0.91). Oura ring–derived resting heart rates had a very strong correlation (P<.001) with the Actiheart-derived resting heart rates (r=0.9, 95% CI 0.85-0.96). However, the mean absolute percentage error was high for all variables except Oura ring–derived sleep duration (10%) and resting heart rate (3%), which the Oura ring underreported on average by 1 beat per minute.

CONCLUSIONS

The Oura ring can potentially be used as an alternative to the Actiheart to measure resting heart rate. As for sleep duration, the Polar watch and Oura ring can potentially be used as replacements for a manual sleep diary, depending on the acceptable error. Neither the Polar watch nor the Oura ring can replace the ActiGraph when it comes to measuring steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and total energy expenditure, but they may be used as additional sources of physical activity measures in some settings. On average, the Polar Vantage watch reported higher outputs compared to those reported by the Oura ring for steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and total energy expenditure.
Development of the 12-Item Social Media Disinformation Scale and its Association With Social Media Addiction and Mental Health Related to COVID-19 in Tunisia: Survey-Based Pilot Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Guelmami Noomen , Ben Khalifa Maher , Chalghaf Nasr , Kong Jude Dzevela , Amayra Tannoubi , Wu Jianhong , Azaiez Fairouz , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

In recent years, online disinformation has increased. Fake news has been spreading about the COVID-19 pandemic. Since January 2020, the culprits and antidotes to disinformation have been digital media and social media.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of the 12-item Social Media Disinformation Scale (SMDS-12), which assesses the consumption, confidence, and sharing of information related to COVID-19 by social media users.

METHODS

A total of 874 subjects were recruited over two phases: the exploratory phase group had a mean age of 28.39 years (SD 9.32) and the confirmatory phase group had a mean age of 32.84 years (SD 12.72). Participants completed the SMDS-12, the Internet Addiction Test, the COVID-19 Fear Scale, and the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. The SMDS-12 was initially tested by exploratory factor analysis and was subsequently tested by confirmatory factor analysis.

RESULTS

The test supported the three-factor structure. In addition, no items were removed from the measurement scale, with three factors explaining up to 73.72% of the total variance, and the items had a lambda factor loading ranging from 0.73 to 0.85. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the robustness of the measure by referring to a wide range of goodness-of-fit indices that met the recommended standards. The construct validity of the scale was supported by its convergent and discriminant validity. The reliability of the instrument examined by means of three internal consistency indices, and the corrected item-total correlation, demonstrated that the three dimensions of the instrument were reliable: Cronbach α values were .89, .88, and .88 for the consumption, confidence, and sharing subscales, respectively. The corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.70 to 0.78. The correlation of the instrument’s dimensions with internet addiction and mental health factors showed positive associations.

CONCLUSIONS

The SMDS-12 can be reliably utilized to measure the credibility of social media disinformation and can be adapted to measure the credibility of disinformation in other contexts.
Correction: A Newly Developed Web-Based Resource on Genetic Eye Disorders for Users With Visual Impairment (Gene.Vision): Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yeong Jian Lee , Thomas Peter , Buller James , Moosajee Mariya
Published: January 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

REMOVE
Effects of using E-learning system on learning outcomes of students in Can Tho University
Authors: Tran Ngo My , Rate Thach Keo Sa , Thao Nguyen Ngoc
Published: January 2021

This study is conducted to assess the impact of using E-learning on students’ learning outcomes through combining models of technology acceptance model (TAM) and an information system success model (D&M model) basing on surveyed data from 294 students using E-learning system in Can Tho university. The main method used to evaluate this impact is structural equation model analysis method (SEM). The empirical results showed that perceived learning outcome is statistically influenced by three factors including learning assistance, community building assistance and perceived motivation. Of which, the community building assistance factor was found to play a strong role of students’ perceived learning outcome. Therefore, building solutions to develop of perceived motivation and community building assistance of the system in order to improve E-learning usage in Can Tho university should be paid attention in the coming time.
Impacts of a one-shot training program for in-service teachers on the application of Task-based Language Teaching
Authors: Thi Nguyen Anh , Yen Phuong Hoang
Published: January 2021

Tieng Anh:Task-based language teaching (TBLT) has been recently implemented as a potential language teaching method for language education in Vietnam. However, research into the training for teachers on the application of TBLT has remained scarce. This study, therefore, aims to examine how Vietnamese in-service teachers implement the insights from a one-shot training program on TBLT in their classroom-based teaching practices. Three in-service teachers at a university in Vietnam participated. Data were collected through a video-taped classroom observation activity. Findings indicate that the teachers on the whole were unable to transfer the theoretical knowledge of TBLT principles that they had built up during the training program into their actual teaching practices. In addition, the teachers failed to perform TBLT teaching roles throughout the lesson. Accordingly, this study suggests pedagogical implications and insights with regard to the issue of teacher training on TBLT in the context of language education in Vietnam.Tieng Viet:Phuong phap giang day co ten la "Task-based language teaching" (TBLT) duoc thuc thi gan day tai Viet Nam va duoc danh gia la mot phuong phap giang day ngon ngu rat tiem nang. Tuy nhien, den nay van khong co nhieu nghien cuu tim hieu ve hoat dong dao tao, tap huan giao vien de co the ung dung TBLT vao hoat dong giang day tren lop. Vi the, nghien cuu nay tap trung vao viec tim hieu muc do hieu qua cua hoat dong tap huan, cu the la hinh thuc tap huan ngan han (one-shot training) cho giao vien ve phuong phap TBLT, lieu giao vien co the ung dung duoc TBLT vao dieu kien giang day thuc te tren lop sau khoa tap huan hay khong. Ba giao vien giang day mon tieng Anh tai mot truong dai hoc o Viet Nam dong y tham gia vao nghien cuu. So lieu duoc thu thap thong qua hoat dong quay video ve hoat dong giang day cua giao vien tren lop. Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay nhin chung giao vien khong co kha nang thuc thi kien thuc TBLT (nguyen tac cot loi, vai tro giao vien) ma ho da duoc tap huan vao hoat dong giang day thuc te tren lop hoc cua minh. Tu ket qua do, nhom nghien cuu de xuat phuong huong, giai phap va ke hoach hanh dong cho hoat dong tap huan giao vien trong viec ung dung, thuc thi TBLT trong dieu kien giang day ngoai ngu tai Viet Nam.
Adsorption of chromium (VI) ion using adsorbent derived from lignin extracted coir pith
Authors: Thanh Luong Huynh Vu , Hanh Cao Luu Ngoc , Lan Tran Nguyen Phuong , Quyen Tran Thi Bich , Nam Ha Quoc
Published: January 2021

In this study, coconut coir pith (cellulose-lignin compound) was first treated with water and sodium hydroxide solution to remove lignin and impurities, then lignin-extracted coir pith was calcined at 200°C for 6 h. The obtained absorbent  was applied to remove Cr(IV) ions by using adsorption method. Some analytical methods such as thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis (BET), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD), pHpzc analysis, Boehm titration and potentiometric titration were employed to characterize structure, specific surface area, functional groups and surface charge of the absorbent. Adsorption results showed that 95.23% of Cr(IV) was removed from solution of 100 mg.L-1 by using certain amount of absorbent at pH 2.0 within 20 min at room temperature. Kinetics of Cr(VI) adsorption from aqueous solution on absorbent fit to Pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and adsorption isotherm of Cr(IV) followed to Freundlich model.
Socio-Economic and Living Conditions of Internal Migrant Labour Living in Visakhapatnam City, India
Authors: Varma Godi Rajendra , Sudhakar Godi
Published: January 2021

India has seen a high internal migration rate in recent years and among the internal migrants, there is a substantial proportion of poorer migrants involved in low paid and low earning jobs. The present paper reports few socio-economic characteristics and their living conditions of poor migrant labour living in Visakhapatnam city, India, which is one of the world’s fastest growing cities. Migration is one of the reasons for its growth. Data were collected from a sample of 2000 households (with migration duration of 30 days to 10 years) living in 10 slums. This study reveals that migrants are living in sub-human living conditions and are vulnerable to all sorts of risks. It further reports the poor quality of living conditions and services. The vulnerability is a state of being exposed to or susceptible to neglect, which leads to less control over the resources available in the city. They also encounter several constraints such as lack of political voice and basic facilities, low-paid, insecure and hazardous working conditions and less or no access to health care and education. Hence, the government has to recognize poor migrants as a vulnerable urban section that needs special and targeted interventions to improve their living conditions.
The effect of platelet-rich fibrin on the acceleration of osteoblast proliferation after endosseous dental implant insertion
Authors: Chandra Evan , Saleh Suparyono , Indrastuti Murti
Published: January 2021

The osseointegration process of dental implants begins with osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, which is an important aspect of the bone regeneration process. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a platelet that contains a large amount of fibrin and growth factor, which is widely used to accelerate bone regeneration. This study aims to determine the effect of PRF on the acceleration of osteoblast proliferation after endosseous dental implant insertion. Twelve male Wistar rats weighing 250 to 300 gr of 8 to 15 weeks as an animal model were divided into two groups, the control group and treatment group, based on days and PRF treatment. Three ml of Wistar rat blood was obtained and centrifuged for 12 minutes at a speed of 2700 rpm to make PRF. Afterward, platelet-rich fibrin was applied to implant bed, and the dental implant was inserted at the lateral epicondyle of the right femur in 3 mm depth and 1.8 mm diameter dimension. Incontrol groups, dental implants were immediately inserted after implant bed preparation without PRF administration. Observation of the Wistar rats was carried out on days 14 and 28 for each group. The rats were terminated accordingto the timeline of group design. The epicondylus lateralis femoris dextra bone of the rats was taken and fixed with 10% buffered formalin solution. Then, histological samples were made with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Sample observation was done under a light microscope to calculate the number of osteoblasts. The data were analyzed using the two-way ANOVA test, followed by LSD post hoc test. Based on the two-way ANOVA test, there was a significant difference between control groups and treatment groups (p<0.05), and there were significant differences between the observation result of days 14 and 28 (p<0.05). The application of PRF increased osteoblast proliferation for the first 14 days, but the rate decreased after that. Based on the LSD post hoc test, there were differences in osteoblast proliferation between the treatment and control group (p<0.05). Thus, it is concluded that platelet-rich fibrin increased the acceleration ofosteoblast proliferation after endosseous dental implant insertion.
Effectivity of ozone water application on the socket after posterior tteeth extraction to accelerate clotting time phase
Authors: Isnandar Isnandar , Syaflida Rahmi , Oes Abdullah , Fairuz Yuni Nurul
Published: January 2021

After tooth extraction, dentists always place sterile tampons on the extracted socket to stop bleeding, to prevent infection and to reduce patients’ discomfort. Ozone is a biocompatible, bactericidal gas that can accelerate the healing of wounded soft tissue. In addition, it comes up with hemostasis effect to stop bleeding and may accelerate the clotting time and wound healing. Another advantage of ozone therapy is that it can be treated without making any trauma. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectivity of ozone water application in the socket to accelerate clotting time phase after posterior teeth extraction in 3 minutes, 6 minutes, and 10 minutes. This research was clinical experimental research with post-test only control group design. The research sampling was done through non-probability sampling. Then, sample was divided into two groups, each of which consisted of 15 patients treated with ozone tampons and 15 patients treated with sterile tampons after tooth extraction. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, and results showed a significant difference between the two groups. Ozone tampons show better result in accelerating clotting time after posterior teeth extraction than sterile tampons.
Enhancing the impact strength of acrylic resin base plate by adding non-dental E-glass fiber
Authors: Gustina Mara , Widjijono Widjijono , Wahyuningtyas Endang
Published: January 2021

Non-dental glass fiber is one of the materials that can be used to increase the impact strength of a acrylic resin base plate, containing a similar composition to that of dental e-glass fiber. Orientation and positions of fiber affect the reinforcement effectiveness. This research aimed to examine the effect of the orientation of non-dental glass fiber in the compression position on the impact strength of an acrylic resin base plate. The research was conducted on 16 acrylic resin plates with fiber (65 mm x 10 mm x 2.5 mm) addition. The samples were divided into 4 groups (combination of different woven orientation unidirectional, bidirectional woven in the compression position, and control). The material used in this study was heat-cured acrylic resin QC-20 brand, non-dental glass fiber (without any brand). Impact strength was tested using an impact testing machine. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and LSD (p<0.05). In this research the impact strength of the base plate with the addition of fiber increased 8.54 ± 2.21; 13.21 ± 2.34; 16.81 ± 2.80 kJ/m2 compared to that of the control group, i.e. 4.98 ± 1.05 kJ/m2. One-way ANOVA test showed a significant effect (p<0.05) of the fiber orientation variations on the compression position. This research concluded that the addition of nondental e-glass fiber (composed of SiO252.56-56.88%), diameter 17.12–20.03 µm) in the compression zone increases theimpact strength of acrylic resin base plate. Fibers with unidirectional orientationprovides the highest increase in the impact strength of acrylic resin base plate.
A qualitative evaluation of patient and healthcare provider knowledge, attitudes, and behavior for safety and use of pexidartinib
Authors: Salas Maribel , Julian Michele , Drogaris Leonidas , Islam Zahidul , Henderson Mackenzie , Stemhagen Annette , O'Donnell Natalie , Tu Nora
Published: January 2021

Aim:
Pexidartinib is approved in the USA for the treatment of symptomatic tenosynovial giant cell tumor associated with severe morbidity or functional limitations and not amenable to improvement with surgery. Due to risk of serious liver injury, a survey of patient and healthcare provider (HCP) knowledge, attitudes, and behavior (KAB) of the risks was required.
Materials & methods:
Prior to KAB survey execution, structured telephone interviews with 12 patients and 12 HCPs were conducted.
Results:
The interviews revealed that patients had difficulty with the complexity and wordiness of some of the questions, while HCPs noted that some questions were repetitive with terminology that was not self-explanatory. Of the 15 questions initially in the patient survey, nine were modified for survey inclusion. For the HCP survey, 10 of 18 questions were modified.
Conclusion:
Qualitative research prior to KAB surveys is recommended to improve comprehension and data quality.
PROTOCOLS OF THE COMPANY ARKHANGELSK DOCTORS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE KRONSTADT MARINE HOSPITAL
Authors: Nikitin E. A.
Published: January 2021

The Society of Arkhangelsk Doctors was founded in 1863 and was one of the first public medical organizations in Russia. The main reason for the differences from medicine in other Russian provinces was the lack of serfdom and rural medicine in the North. The Society has been active for 55 years. Immediately after the revolution (1917) in the Arkhangelsk province, as well as throughout Russia, the activity of the OAB was suspended. In the unique library of the Kronstadt Naval Hospital, 30 copies of the protocols and works of the Society of Arkhangelsk Doctors from 1864 to 1896 are preserved. The activities of the Society played an important role in uniting the doctors of the province, contributed to the growth of their qualifications and the development of healthcare in the Russian North.
HISTORY OF THE MEDICAL SERVICE OF THE NORTHERN FLEET (1933-2020)
Authors: Zakrevsky Yu. N. , Kuznetsov S. A. , Archangelsky D. A. , Shevchenko A. G. , Balakhnov D. O. , Zhdanov A. A.
Published: January 2021

During its 88-year history, the Northern fleet medical service has passed a difficult and thorny path of formation, development and improvement. After passing through the crucible of the great Patriotic war, overcoming the difficulties of the postwar period, and in subsequent years of construction and development of the Northern fleet — the repeated transform in search of optimal structure and size for the most efficient management significant on the composition and structure of forces and means, organization of medical and preventive, sanitary and anti epidemic work, unin-terrupted supply of Navy medicine and the saturation of the most modern medical equipment. The most important component of the fleet medical service in all historical periods was the organization of medical support for ships and submarines in the far sea zone, military contingents in the Arctic zone. the Medical service is currently the main management body of the military medical institutions and medical services of military units of the Northern fleet.
Patrones de avistamientos y distribución de mamíferos marinos en el litoral centro-sur de Chile
Authors: Pavés Héctor J. , Tobar Claudio N. , Santibañez Alexis , Meier Diego , Miranda-Urbina Diego , Olivera Francisco
Published: January 2021

Los mamíferos marinos (MM) son componentes clave de los ecosistemas marinos constituyéndose en importantes depredadores en ellos. Su monitoreo permite conocer el estado de sus poblaciones y la salud del ecosistema. Por esta razón, se determinará la diversidad, abundancia y distribución espacial y temporal de MM del centro-sur de Chile. Observadores científicos registraron presencia estacional de MM a lo largo de un año desde plataformas en tierra y mar (invierno-2016 a otoño-2017). Se identificaron 4 especies de MM con un total de ~12.000 avistamientos. La especie más frecuente fue el león marino común (LMC, ~99%), luego el delfín chileno (DCh) y registros aislados de ballena franca austral y ballena azul. Los mayores avistamientos del LMC y cetáceos mayores se registraron en verano, mientras que para DCh, fue en otoño. En Cobquecura se concentraron los mayores avistamientos de LMC (>80%). Los cetáceos mayores se avistaron a >1.500 m de la costa y los DCh a <500 m, entorno al río Itata. En el mar, los mayores avistamientos de LMC se registraron en primavera, durante el periodo de actividad pesquera, al igual que el mayor registro de leones marinos muertos. Pese a que la cantidad de MM identificados aquí, no es mayor a lo descrito para otras partes de Chile, se debe considerar que tres de estas especies están clasificadas bajo algún criterio de amenaza. Además, existe una de las más importantes agrupaciones de DCh y LMC del centro-sur de Chile, expuestas a importantes interacciones operacionales con la pesquería. Esto hace necesario establecer con prontitud medidas de protección del litoral para asegurar la conservación de estos mamíferos marinos en el centro-sur de Chile y con ello, en toda la costa chilena.
Efecto de la densidad sobre el crecimiento en fase de engorde del mejillón, Mytilus edulis platensis, en el golfo San Jorge, Patagonia argentina
Authors: Isola Tomás E. , Marques Bernardo G.
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the stock density effect on size and biomass on mussel Mytilus edulis platensis, at growth up phase ropes. These ropes were made using three initial stocking densities: 200, 300 and 400 mussels m-1 and hung on in a longline at Belvedere site on San Jorge gulf, Argentina. Stock density showed no influence on individual mussel biomass. Higher growth length was obtained at higher densities. According to these results, when the mussels are in the fattening or thinning out phase, the optimum stocking density would be 300 to 400 mussels m-1.
Nanosuspension as Promising and Potential Drug Delivery: A Review
Authors: Haranath Chinthaginjala  , Hindustan Abdul Ahad  , Pushpalatha Gutty Reddy  , Kalpana Kodi  , Sai Priyanka Manchikanti  , Devika Pasam
Published: January 2021

In the last decade, nanosuspensions have gained considerable interest as a method for formulating poorly soluble drugs. Because of their cost-effectiveness and technological simplicity compared to liposomes and other colloidal drug carriers, nanoscale systems have recently received a lot of attention as a way of solving problems of solubility. Nanosuspensions are biphasic systems comprising of pure drug particles dispersed in an aqueous vehicle, stabilized by surface active agents. Fabrication of nanosuspension is simple and more advantageous than other approaches. Nanosuspension is a very finely single solid drug particle in an aqueous vessel, stabilized by surfactants for either oral or topical use or for parenteral and pulmonary administration, it can also be used for targeted drug delivery when incorporated in the ocular inserts and mucoadhesive  hydrogels,  with  reduced  particle  size  resulting  in  increased  dissolution  rate.  This  article  covers  the  preparation  of nanosuspension by bottom up technology, top down technology, melt emulsification, emulsification- solvent evaporation and supercritical fluid with their advantages  and disadvantages, aspects of  structure, classification  and their  drug delivery applications.  Nanosuspension can  be processed for the drugs which are of hydrophobic in nature quite easily employing stability enhancers, solvents that are of organic and additional ingredients including buffering agents, salts, PEG, osmotic agents and anti-freeze compounds.
Pandemia da COVID-19 e ocupação no mercado de trabalho: o caso da Região Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Pedro Rodrigues , Jardim Stéffany Costa , Teixeira Evandro Camargos
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo central analisar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 sobre os níveis de ocupação nos setores da indústria, comércio, construção e transporte na região Nordeste do Brasil através da estimação de quatro modelos Probit. Com exceção do setor de construção, todos os demais setores considerados foram impactados negativamente pela pandemia. Especificamente, a presença da COVID-19 no 1º trimestre de 2020 reduz a probabilidade de ocupação em 0,142 p.p. na indústria, 0,423 p.p. no setor de comércio e 0,054 p.p. no segmento de transporte.