bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of “flat’ closed-bottom submerged nuzzles for decreasing rejections of slabs because of longitudinal cracks
Authors: Vlasov М. А. , Egorov V. A. , Lyzhin A. G. , Sushnikov D. V.
Published: July 2020

In the process of steel continuous casting it was discovered, that due to relatively small distance between a submerged nuzzle and a mold walls, formation of “scull crust” takes place in the area of small and big radius of the billet. It resulted in deterioration of heat-away in mold, conditions are formed for origination of longitudinal cracks following its further opening in the CCM secondary cooling zone. To decrease the number of rejections continuously casted slab billets due to existence of longitudinal cracks, it was proposed to use “flat” closed-bottom submerged nuzzles. It was shown, that in contrast to cylindrical form of a series closed-bottom submerged nuzzle, the proposed one has rectangular section with chamfered butt facet in the are of nuzzle submerging into the mold melt, which enables to ensure better fluidity of slag-forming mixture between the nuzzle and the mold walls. This effect results in onsiderable improving evenness of heat-away. To confirm the effectiveness of the pilot submerged nuzzles application, in 2019 their pilot-industrial tests were accomplished in the campaign of casting of carbon and peritectic steels to produce 200 mm thick slabs at CCM No. 4. In the process of the tests when casting various steels, the same slag-forming mixtures were used. As a result of the tests the decrease of rejections of continuously casted slabs due to longitudinal cracks formation was confirmed.
Modification of tundish design to improve quality of slabs, casted at CCM No. 4 of EVRAZ NTMK
Authors: Zakharov I. M. , Smirnov V. A. , Sushnikov D. V. , Lyzhin A. G. , Lavrova E. A. , Shekhovtsov E. V. , Ekkert P. V.
Published: July 2020

A technology of continuous casting of steel has a large effect on its contamination. In particular, proper organization of metal flows in tundish and mold is very important. After completion a series of casting through a tundish and drop of metal level in it, it possible, that the slag flows from the surface layers of the tundish to capture the metal. An analysis of results of ultrasonic control of finished strip showed, that the basic number of the revealed defects was obtained during strip rolling out of the last slabs of the last heat in a series for a tundish. Metallographic studies determined, that the defects were located in the slab axis zone and filled by macro-inclusions of complex composition. To determine the actual distribution of metal flows, a water simulation of them was accomplished for the existing design of the EVRAZ NTMK tundish. It was determined, that at the drop of metal level in a tundish, a capture of slag from the metal reservoir and its transfer into the main bath of the tundish takes place due to whirligig flows. Following the weight metal consumption, the zone of slag inclusions distribution enlarges. Besides, denudation of the metal mirror in the metal reservoir takes place, resulted in metal secondary oxidation. Based on the results of the simulation, it was proposed to modify the design of the “turbostop”, which is installed in the metal reservoir of the tundish. Besides, it was proposed to remove the dividers installation in the tundish. It was noted, that the proposed steps enable to ensure a minimal level of rejections.
Study of effect of wheel steel microalloying by calcium and barium on nonmetallic inclusions modification
Authors: Gaivoronoskii A. V. , Pavlova N. V.
Published: July 2020

The increase in freight cars axis loads, dynamic loads and heat impact on the wheels, change of other factors, stipulated by railway transport traffic intensification lead to considerable decrease of service life of solid-rolled wheels. To increase the service life of them, provision of the transport metal purity in non-deformed oxide nonmetallic inclusions with high content of Al2O3, decrease of general steel pollution by nonmetallic inclusions by micro-alloying and modification is an actual task. The purpose of the study was elaboration of wheel steel ladle treatment technology, including the steel micro-alloying and modification by barium-containing alloys to create material, which could meet high operation requirements, made to the railway wheels of new generation, intended to operate under increased axis loads conditions at the modern high-speed rolling-stock. It was shown, that replacement of everywhere applied silicocalcium by barium-based alloys is one of perspective ways of modification mechanism perfection. Results of industrial tests of micro-alloying of wheel steel by barium during ladle treatment presented. It was shown, that application for modification of cored wire with silicobarium filler instead of cored wire with silicocalsium filler СК-30, enabled to transform the nonmetallic inclusions into globular form practically completely, to raise the steel purity for all kinds of inclusions in both middle and maximum points range and to refine to some extent the grain size by 1-2 points. In the pilot metal at the depth of 40 mm from the surface, the gain was somewhat finer and more uniform (number 7), comparing with the existing technology (number 5-6). The pollution of the pilot metal by nonmetallic inclusions meets requirements of GOST 10791—2011 for category A and those of the standard EN 13262: 2004+А2:2011 for category 1.
Modern status and ways of development of round billet production technology by steel continuous casting
Authors: Biryukov A. B. , Ivanova А. А.
Published: July 2020

Production of round billets by steel continuous casting, widely used for manufacturing seamless pipes, railway wheels and tyres, quality long rolled products etc., is widely spread in the world steel industry. Constant search for improved design of CCM takes place, separate parts of existing machines are being perfected. An analysis of collected in the world practice experience of solving problems, related to production of round continuously casted billets, enables to choose proper technical solutions for each particular situation, to determine rational parameters of technology. History of development of round continuously casted billets production technology considered. Data on their modern producers presented. Peculiarities of steel continuous casting technology, as well as reasons of defects of round continuously casted billets have been discussed. Classification of basic kinds of cracks of round continuously casted billet presented. Basic problems during production of round continuously casted billets relate to ovality formation, mainly because of unevenness of heat-away in the mold. The increased ovality can lead to formation of internal and external cracks. Ways of solving problems of defects formation and ways of round continuously casted billet technology perfection summarized. Application of methods of mathematical simulation for a technology, which enables to produce defectless billets considered. It was shown, that basic measures to decrease number of billet defects, relate to setting rational parameters of temperature-speed mode, transfer to internal mold profile, corresponding to the billet shrinkage. Another measure is elimination of uneven impact of the liquid metal stream on the solidifying shell in the area of small and big radius. A perspective direction of round continuously casted billets production technology perfection is application of soft reduction methods and electromagnetic stirring of the liquid metal.
Status of nondestructive control of transport function metal products at JSC EVRAZ NTMK
Authors: Bersenev S. P. , Slobtsova E. M.
Published: July 2020

Achievements in the area of automated ultrasonic control of quality of rails, solid-rolled wheels and tyres, wheels magnetic powder crack detection, carried out at JSC EVRAZ NTMK. The 100% nondestructive control is accomplished by automated control in series at two ultrasonic facilities RWI-01 and four facilities УМКК-1 of magnetic powder control, installed into the exit control line in the wheel-tyre shop. Diagram of location, converters displacement and control operations in the process of control at the facility RWI-01 presented, as well as the structural diagram of the facility УМКК-1. The automated ultrasonic control of rough tyres is made in the tyres control line of the wheel-tyre shop at the facility УКБ-1Д. The facility enables to control internal defects of tyres in radial, axis and circular directions of radiation. Possibilities of the facility УКБ-1Д software were shown. Nondestructive control of railway rails is made at two facilities, comprising the automated control line of the rail and structural shop. The УКР-64Э facility of automated ultrasonic rails control is intended to reveal defects in the area of head, web and middle part of rail foot by pulse echo-method with a immersion acoustic contact. The diagram of rail P65 at the facility УКР-64Э control presented. To reveal defects of the macrostructure in the area of rail head and web by mirror-shadow method, an ultrasonic noncontact electromagnetic-acoustic facility is used. It was noted, that implementation of the 100% nondestructive control into the technology of rolled stuff production enabled to increase the quality of products supplied to customers and to increase their competiveness.
The new ball-rolling mill of EVRAZ NTMK – new possibilities for customers
Authors: Ulegin К. А. , Shvedov K. N. , Borodin А. N. , Rubtsov V. Yu.
Published: July 2020

In view of increase of ferrous and nonferrous ores mining, the need for grinding balls, used for the ores grinding in the process of concentration, is also increasing. Description of technical solutions, realized at accomplishment of an investment project at JSC EVRAZ NTMK, presented. The investment project on the technical modification of the rail and beam shop included construction of the new ball-rolling mil further to production of steel grinding balls. The new ball-rolling mill, which was put into operation in 2018, has a possibility to produce ball of diameter from 60 up to 120 mm with hardness up to 5th group. The mill is equipped by an automation system of the process and balls stocking control. The ball production section comprises a walking beams heating furnace with automated heating modes to ensure energy-efficient operation; automated hot rolling mill for production grinding balls of 60 ‒ 120 mm diameter; balls thermal treatment line, including temperature leveling facility, quenching machine and tempering furnace. The system of the process automation enables to trace on-line all the technological parameters for production quality products, parameters of the environment to increase the energy efficiency of the section, and control system to create safety working area at the section. Within a year after the ball-rolling mill commissioning, the whole nomenclature series of balls was mastered and the passport productivity at each profile was reached. The maximum mill productivity obtained was 22 t/h. The JSC EVRAZ NTMK mill of grinding balls of 60 ‒ 120 mm diameter production meets all the modern market requirements.
Does Income Inequality Lead to Education Inequality? A Cross Sectional Study of Pakistan
Authors: Arshed Noman , Hassan Muhammad Shahid , Aziz Osama
Published: July 2020

When firms do not know which labor is capable of efficient work, then paying all employees their average product as wage seems a feasible option. This simplest of ways discourages good workers and makes bad workers costly. Spence proposed to use educational attainment as the indicator of the labor force's capability to solve this problem. Since workers are randomly distributed in terms of their ability, Akerlof would lead us to believe that the level of educational attainment should be proportional to the individual's ability, which is not valid, practically. This study strives to find the determinants of educational inequality, where income inequality of the household is the prime suspect, and other indicators include gender, household size, and age. GMM instrumental variable approach was used to study the effect of income inequality on educational inequality. The results showed that it is income inequality, which restricts people from attaining higher education.
Interactive Effect of School principals’ Leadership Styles and Teacher Characteristics on Curriculum Implementation at Public Secondary Schools of Punjab
Authors: Arif Seema , Asghar Zaheer , Mukhtar Sajida
Published: July 2020

The research was conducted in the positivist paradigm to determine the interactive effect of school principals' leadership style and the teaching characteristics (traditional Vs. Progressive) of school teachers on curriculum implementation. The research further explores how teaching characteristics mediate between school principals' leadership style and curriculum implementation. Higher secondary school teachers' perceptions were collected from 600 teachers teaching at secondary schools in six districts of Punjab. Multistage sampling was used to draw a sample from a large and diverse population. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to determine the relationship among various constructs leadership styles, teacher characteristics, and strategies used for the curriculum implementation at secondary schools of Punjab. Path analysis using Structure Equation Modeling with AMOS yielded unique relationships among leadership styles of school principals and teacher characteristics for curriculum implementation. Democratic style of school principals was found to exert maximum direct influence on curriculum implementation with no teacher characteristics mediation. However, it is found that both teacher characteristics play a significant mediating role in curriculum implementation; the visionary style was best mediated through progressive characteristics, and 2) commanding style was mediated through traditional characteristics. The research draws attention to existing gaps in developing teacher expertise for curriculum implementation, which need to be addressed to prepare future teacher leadership in Pakistan.
La mujer, el trabajo y la política
Authors: Ortega Victorino
Published: July 2020

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Principales cambios en las relaciones laborales en España durante los años 60
Authors: Serrano Martínez-Estellez Ángel
Published: July 2020

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La empresa consorcio: un nuevo modelo para organizar empresas
Authors: Aguerrondo Guillermo
Published: July 2020

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Política eclesiástica durante la segunda república española
Authors: Tuñon de Lara Manuel
Published: July 2020

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Radiofrequency Technologies of Local Positioning in Healthcare
Authors: Bragin D. S. , Pospelova I. V. , Cherepanova I. V. , Serebryakova V. N.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Localization of objects position in closed space plays an important role in many areas of human activity, including medicine. Using indoor-positioning technologies as a part of telemedicine systems allows one to improve the quality of medical care and to reduce mortality of patients. Therefore, indoor-positioning technologies contribute to achieve the goals outlined in the Russian Federation government`s program "Healthcare development". Aim. To study the applicability of modern radiofrequency technologies for localization of patients inside a hospital building. Materials and methods. Scientific sources devoted to indoor-positioning based on radiofrequency technologies were analyzed. The methods used included: - bibliographic retrieval; - selection and verification of sources based on their relevance; - analysis of sources by methods of deconstruction and comparative analysis . Results. The result of the analysis indicated that radiofrequency positioning technologies allow one to locate objects using radio waves properties. The disadvantage of the technology is the penetration of radio signal through walls and floors. Given this, it is necessary to use complex algorithms to detect an object with accuracy to a specific room. Despite this disadvantage, radiofrequency technologies can be used for positioning in medical facilities since they are easy in deployment and service. Also, they are used in ready-made commercial solutions. ZigBee technology is an exception because it does not allow one to track moving objects in real-time. Conclusion. Based on the study it was concluded that BLE technology is the most suitable for indoor-positioning in medical facilities. It is energy-efficient, it has sufficiently fast data transfer rate, good communication radius and a large range of ready-made communication equipment. It is also worth noting that most wireless medical sensors exchange data via the BLE interface.
Antagonismo de Trichoderma spp a fitopatógenos causadores de podridão de raiz de mandioca em alagoas
Authors: Silva Izael Oliveira , Amorim Edna Peixoto da Rocha , Junior Nelson Augusto Nascimento , Peixinho Georgia Souza , Carnaúba Juliana Paiva , Neto Vicente Ferreira de Araujo
Published: July 2020

Vários são fitopatógenos que limitam a produção de mandioca (Manihot esculata Crants) sendo podridão das raízes a que casam a maior perda na cultura chegando a 70%. Esta cultura é de elevado interesse para a região Nordeste do Brasil, proporcionando grandes prejuízos. As dificuldades no manejo tem direcionado a busca por alternativas, entre as quais, o biocontroladores vem apresentando resultados significativos. Esta revisão bibliográfica teve como objetivo reunir informações relativas à podridão da raiz da mandioca cv Rosinha, os principais fitopatógenos e as atividades antagônicas de Trichoderma no controle das doenças no estado de Alagoas. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Scielo, Google Acadêmico, portal da Capes (teses e dissertações), periódicos e livros. Para obtenção de informações sobre: podridão radicular da mandioca de mesa, Trichoderma spp., como agente de biocontrole de fitopatógenos.
Mobility Changes, Teleworking, and Remote Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile
Authors: Astroza Sebastian , Tirachini Alejandro , Hurtubia Ricardo , Carrasco Juan Antonio , Guevara Angelo , Munizaga Marcela , Figueroa Macarena , Torres Valentina
Published: July 2020

Results from a mobility survey from Chile during the COVID-19 pandemic show a decrease of 44% of trips in Santiago, with metro (55%), ride-hailing (51%), and bus (45%) presenting the highest reduction. Modes with the lowest reduction are motorcycle (28%), auto (34%), and walking (39%). While 77% of workers from low-income households had to go out and work, 80% of workers from high-income households worked from home. Other important factors that correlate with teleworking are gender, educational level, employment status, and occupation. Regarding the number of trips for purposes other than work, significant factors are gender, age, and employment status.
GAMBARAN PENERIMAAN DIRI PADA ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) DI YAYASAN VICTORY PLUS YOGYAKARTA (STUDI FENOMENOLOGI)
Authors: Syafitasari Juanda , Djannah Sitti Nur , Rosida Luluk , Hakimi Hakimi
Published: July 2020

GAMBARAN PENERIMAAN DIRI PADA ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA)
DI YAYASAN VICTORY PLUS YOGYAKARTA
(STUDI FENOMENOLOGI)
Juanda Syafitasari1, Sitti Nur Djannah2, Luluk Rosida3, Professor Hakimi4
 
1 Mahasiswa Prodi Ilmu Kebidanan Program Magister (S2)
2  Dosen Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta
3  Dosen Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta
4 Dosen Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta
 
Abstrak
 
Latar belakang penelitian : Penerimaan diri sangat penting karena penerimaan diri merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan fisik maupun psikologis dari orang-orang dengan penyakit kronis, salah satunya HIV/AIDS. Hal yang seharusnya dilakukan adalah menerima penyakit kronis tersebut dengan ikhlas dan belajar untuk hidup dengan penyakit tersebut. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui gambaran penerimaan diri pada ODHA di Yayasan Victory Plus Yogyakarta. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi yang dilakukan di Yayasan Victory Plus Yogyakarta pada bulan September sampai Oktober 2019. Informasi didapatkan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dengan informan yaitu ODHA. Analisis data yang digunakan melalui tahap reduksi data, pengkodean data, dan verifikasi. Hasil Penelitian : Hasil analisis kualitatif mendapatkan hasil gambaran penerimaan diri ODHA berdasarkan goals, roles, relationship, dan situantion dikatagorikan sudah baik. Kesimpulan : Gambaran penerimaan diri informan berdasarkan goals, roles, relationship, dan situantion sudah baik.
 
Kata kunci            : Penerimaan diri, ODHA
KONTRIBUSI KOMPETENSI PERAWAT DAN KEPUASAN KERJA SERTA IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KINERJA PERAWAT RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH DI SAMARINDA DAN BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Sukamto Edi sukamto , Rasmun Rasmun
Published: July 2020

Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah membutuhkan perawat yang mampu melakukan pekerjaan lebih dari sekadar tugas formalnya dan mau memberikan kinerja yang baik. Perawat menginginkan kinerja lebih baik untuk melaksanakan fungsinya. Pencapaian kinerja yang optimal dapat dilakukan apabila perawat mempunyai kompetensi, selain itu kepuasan perawat juga menjadi faktor penentu kinerja Perawat. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kepuasan kerja dan kinerja. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Perawat Pelaksana. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah Purpossive Sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh perawat yang bekerja di ruang rawat inap rumah sakit umum daerah IA Moeis Samarinda, rumah sakit umum daerah Beriman Balikpapan, yang berjumlah 128 perawat. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan program WarpPLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kompetensi memberikan pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan. Kompetensi memberikan pengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja. Kepuasan memberikan pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja. Rekomendasi dalam penelitian ini Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah IA Moeis Samarinda dan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Beriman Balikpapan diharapkan terus melakukan perbaikan secara berkala dengan Perawat mengenai optimalisasi pencapaian kompetensi baik secara individual maupun kolektif agar tercapai tujuan. Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah IA Moeis Samarinda dan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Beriman Balikpapan diharapkan agar memberikan penilaian yang adil dan objektif terhadap kualitas kerja sehingga mendorong kepuasan terhadap peningkatan kinerja perawat.
IMPLEMENTASI PERAWATAN BERPUSAT PADA KELUARGA DI RUANG PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Wijaya Andra Saferi , Haryanti Fitri , Gamayanti Indria Laksmi
Published: July 2020

Perawatan anak di PICU merupakan perawatan total yang dilakukan oleh petugas kesehatan, sehingga keterlibatan keluarga di ruangan sangat terbatas. Keterlibatan keluarga merupakan kompenen penting dalam perawatan berpusat pada keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi perawatan berpusat pada keluarga (PBK) di PICU. Penelitian kualitatif fenomenologi dilakukan dengan teknik penentuan sampel secara porpusive sampling sebanyak 12 orang terdiri dari orangtua, perawat, dan dokter. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Transkrip verbatim wawancara dianalisis manual menurut Colaizzi menggunakan software OpenCode. Tema yang dihasilkan yaitu: (1) makna orangtua dengan anak di PICU, (2) persepsi orangtua dan perawat, (3) penerapan, (4) manfaat, (5) tantangan, dan (6) harapan penerapan perawatan berpusat pada keluarga di PICU. Ketatnya peraturan di PICU menyebabkan keluarga tidak dapat berpartisipasi merawat anak di PICU. Rekomendasi penelitian ini perlu adanya akses yang mudah bagi keluarga untuk terlibat dalam perawatan anak di PICU.
PENGARUH SENAM PRENATAL YOGA TERHADAP KESIAPAN IBU PRIMIGRAVIDA DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSALINAN DI BPM KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Yuniarti Yuniarti , Eliana Eliana
Published: July 2020

Abstrak: Primigravida yang pertama kali menghadapi kehamilan, ketika wajah persalinan cenderung tidak siap karena persalinan adalah sesuatu yang baru yang akan terjadi. Berlatih yoga selama periode ini adalah salah satu solusi mandiri yang mendukung proses kehamilan, kelahiran, baik secara fisik maupun psikologis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mempengaruhi praktik yoga prenatal pada kesiapan tenaga kerja di primigravida yang menghadapi BPM di Kota Bengkulu. pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi-eksperimental, teknik pengambilan sampel dengan sampel purposif sebanyak 30 sampel yang terdiri dari 15 orang melakukan latihan yoga prenatal (kasus) 15 orang diberi pelatihan kehamilan (kontrol). Teknik pengumpulan data langsung ke dua kelompok wanita hamil primigravidae Trimester III sebelum intervensi diberikan kuesioner untuk melihat kesiapan persalinan, kelompok intervensi latihan yoga prenatal lanjut 2 kali seminggu selama 1 bulan, analisis data menggunakan uji t sampel. Hasil univariat diperoleh kesiapan rata-rata sebelum intervensi latihan yoga prenatal dalam menghadapi persalinan normal adalah 19,67 setelah intervensi menurun menjadi 10,80, analisis bivariat memperoleh nilai p: 0,005 <? 0,05, yang berarti ada efek latihan prenatal yoga tentang kesiapan primigravida dalam menghadapi persalinan di BPM di kota Bengkulu 2015, Untuk petugas kesehatan, terutama bidan yang melakukan latihan yoga prenatal untuk wanita hamil dan dapat diajarkan kepada wanita hamil untuk melakukan latihan yoga prenatal yang berguna untuk mempersiapkan ibu baik secara fisik maupun psikologis dalam menghadapi persalinan.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI GURU, MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA MENGAJAR GURU MI MITRA PGMI UMI MAKASSAR
Authors: Syahid Akhmad , Bachri Syamsul
Published: July 2020

Kinerja seorang guru sangat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor diantaranya kompetensi dan motivasi . Kompetensi yang dimiliki oleh setiap guru tidaklah sama satu sama lain, pelatiah-pelatihan profesional keguruan yang pernah diikuti dan juga lamanya waktu pengalaman dalam mengajar juga cukup berepengaruh terhadap kompetensi seorang guru. Tidak kalah pentingnya dari kompetensi adalah motivasi, setiap orang pasti memiliki motivasi yang berbeda-beda, tidak terkecuali seorang guru juga memiliki motivasi untuk berprestasi. Kompensi guru dan motivasi tersebut  dapat  dilihat  dari  cara  guru  tersebut  dalam mempersiapkan  segala  sesuatu  untuk  menunjang  keberhasilan  tujuan  yang  akan  dicapai. Motivasi berprestasi adalah kondisi fisiologis dan psikologi yang terdapat dalam diri guru yang mendorongnya untuk melakukan aktivitas tertentu guna mencapai tujuan tertentu. Bagian penting yang dapat mendukung adalah budaya organisasi dalam sebuah madrasah.
Tantangan Dakwah di Era Milenial
Authors: Syamsuriah Syamsuriah
Published: July 2020

Dalam ajaran Islam , hal yang tidak boleh berhenti untuk dilaksankan  oleh para penganutnya  adalah mengajak umat manusia kejalan kebaikan dan mencegah melakukakan hal-hal yang buruk yang paling dikenal menegakkan amal makruf dan nahi mungkar ,untuk menjalankan hal ini, bagaimana menghadapi tantangan dakwah di era mellineal ini,dengan membekali diri dan menyesuaikan diri untuk sebisa mungkin mengusai tekhnologi , media social dan internet. Karena dakwah bisa mudah ditermah karena sekarang pada umumnya setiap individu bergangtung pada alat komunikasi gajet, yang akses dakwah mudah didapat di internet.
Nutrient content and fermentation characteristics of ensiled Italian ryegrass and winter cereal mixtures for dairy cows
Authors: Alamayehu Worku , Fébel Hedvig , Orosz Szilvia , Tóth Tamȧs , Bȧzȧr György , Kacsala Lȧszlo , Tóthi Róbert
Published: July 2020

The interest in new alternative forages
in Europe has increased in recent years. The nutritional composition and
fermentation characteristics during different stages of ensiling were studied
with Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and winter cereal
mixtures. The trial was carried out on a large-scale farm Galgamenti
Agricultural Limited Company, Tura, Hungary. Two different forage mixes were
studied: Mixture A (three types of Italian ryegrass 40% + two types of triticale
20%+ two types of oats 20%+ wheat 15%+ barley 5%) and Mixture B (three types of
Italian ryegrass 55% + two types of winter oats 45%). Experimental field was
30.600 m 2 by the treatments, respectively. The two
different forage mixes were sown on 11th September 2017
(Mixture A: 75 kg seed/ha; Mixture B: 75 kg seed/ha) with depth of 2-5 cm.
Plant protection treatment was not applied during the growing season. Cutting
was carried out in heading stage of triticale by hand at 10 cm stubble height.
The fresh Mixture A (dry matter 189 g/kg; crude protein: 161 g/kg DM; NDF: 485
g/kg DM) and the fresh Mixture B (dry matter 195 g/kg; crude protein: 159 g/kg
DM; NDF: 519 g/kg DM) were wilted to 28-32% DM (24h) without any movement on
the windrow. The wilted forage was picked up by hand and chopped by a forage harvester (John Deere 7300) on
concrete surface with theoretical chop length of 9 mm (weight: 800 kg). Wilted
and chopped material of 510 g were packed by hand into a glass jars (0.00072 m3 volume, n=5, total no. of minisilos = 15). Five
laboratory silos per mixtures were opened on 7, 14 and 90 days after ensiling.
Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber
(NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), ether extract
(EE), ash, and total sugar of all treatments were determined. Additionally, pH
and the concentration of ammonia-N, volatile fatty acids were measured in the
ensiled mixtures. At the end of 90 days of ensiling in both mixture silages,
there were significant differences (p<0.05) in all nutrient contents except
for ADF in Mixture A and CP, ash and CF in Mixture B which was not affected by
fermentation duration. Ensiling caused a significant decrease in pH
(p<0.05), due to the production of lactic acid and succeeded to achieve
lactic acid type fermentation. Values for ammonia-N, ethanol and acetic acid,
butyric acid were all low. These results indicated that the fermentation
quality of Italian ryegrass and winter cereal silages underwent rapid fermentation
and were well-preserved.
A NEW TEACHING METHOD AIMED AT ELIMINATING THE CAUSES OF STUDENTS’ UNSUCCESSFUL ALGORITHMIC PROBLEM SOLVING WITH PARAMETER
Authors: Gonda Dalibor , Tirpakova Anna
Published: July 2020

The new method of teaching the problems with a parameter was designed based on the identification of the reasons for the low success rate of the kids in solving the problems. In order to identify these causes and to find ways of their elimination, pedagogical research was carried out in two phases at selected universities of Slovakia (126 students) in 2016-2017. In the first stage the validity of the research hypothesis was confirmed, that the cause of the kids´ poor success in solving problems with the parameter is an algorithmic approach to their solution, a misunderstanding of the concept of a parameter and a formal determination of solvability conditions. Based on this, a new method of teaching the tasks with a parameter was developed. Its main idea is focusing on understanding the term parameter and showing its creative use in solving multiple tasks. In the second stage of the research, the success of the new teaching method was also verified experimentally. The results of the experiment confirmed the success of the students in solving the problems with the parameter, confirming that the basis of the success in solving the problems is the understanding of the term parameter and the ability to find their own solution to the task. It has turned out that the transition from the method of solving equations with a parameter by algorithms to the solution method by understanding the basic concepts and possibilities of their use is one of the methods to improve the teaching of mathematics. Keywords: algorithmic solution, formal conditions, mathematical didactics, problems with the parameter, understanding of the concept.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VIRTUAL LAB COMPARED TO PHYSICAL LAB IN THE MASTERY OF SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS FOR CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT
Authors: Ratamun Murugan Mini , Osman Kamisah
Published: July 2020

The aim of the research is to assess the effectiveness of Virtual Lab (experimental group) compared to Physical Lab (control group) in the level of Science Process Skill mastery of topic salt experiment. This research also was done to compare the students’ level of Science Process Skill mastery by gender and to find interaction effect between groups and gender on the level of Science Process Skill mastery. The instrument that used to evaluate the effectiveness is “Science Process Skill mastery test (SPST)”. A quasi-experimental research design with nonequivalent control group pre-test and post-test was used in this research. The participants of this research were chosen by purposive sampling from Malaysian 4th grade science stream students. This research involved a total of 147 participants, which is 64 male and 83 female. The two-way ANCOVA analysis showed that the effectiveness of group (VLab and PLab) on the mean score of SPST post-test was significant. The SPST post-test mean score of PLab is higher than the post-test mean score of Virtual Lab. It concluded that the students’ level of Science Process Skill mastery in experiments for confirmatory tests for anions and cations is better when Physical Lab is used. The effectiveness of gender on the mean score of SPST was not significant. The analysis also showed that the interaction effectiveness between group and gender in SPST was not significant. This means the group's influence on the mean score of SPST is not caused by the gender as well as the gender influence on the mean score of SPST is not caused by groups.
Keywords: SPS mastery, virtual lab, physical lab, gender effectiveness, salt topic.
Evaluating the effects of probiotics in pediatrics with recurrent abdominal pain
Authors: Rahmani Parisa , Ghouran-orimi Azin , Motamed Farzaneh , Moradzadeh Alireza
Published: July 2020

Background: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is one of the frequent complaints in general practice, particularly in pediatrics and is among the common cause of referral to gastroenterology clinics.Purpose: This study is designed to investigate the effects of probiotics for the treatment of RAP and desired therapeutic outcomes.Methods: One hundred twenty-five children with the diagnosis of RAP according to Rome III criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional abdominal pain (FAP), functional dyspepsia (FD), and abdominal migraine (AM), were enrolled in this double-blind randomized controlled trial.Results: Sixty-five subjects received probiotics, and others received placebo treatment for 4 weeks. Lactobacillus reuteri was therapeutically effective in 32 patients compared to 8 patients, responding to the placebo treatment. Compared to baseline, all pain-related variables showed a significant reduction for the IBS and FD at the end of the 4th week. However, it did not respond well in FAP and AM groups. Pain-related outcomes such as, frequency of the pain, severity, and duration of the pain were decreased following the probiotic treatment. No therapeutic response was seen in AM group after the administration of probiotics. L. reuteri significantly led to pain relief in the overall population, and also in FAP, FD, and IBS subgroups.Conclusion: L. reuteri probiotics are likely to lead to RAP relief and can be recommended for the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Enterpreneurial Talent and Intention Among Undergraduate Students: Case Study at English Language Education Department
Authors: Tanduklangi Amri , Muhsin Muhammad Khusnun , Amri Carlina
Published: July 2020

Entrepreneurship plays an important role in generating new wealth in an economy. The growth of entrepreneurial activities will produce innovation, create new jobs for the society, trigger economic growth, and reduce unemployment rates. Eentrepreneurship is a topic requiring a lot of attentions from academicians and researchers, especially the unemployment problem arising among undergraduate students. Therefore, the aim of this article was to have a good understanding on entrepreneurial talent and intention of undergraduate university students. The antecedent factor would be measuring students’ risk taking, persuading, ambition, performer, leadership, and business management skill behavior.  The subjects of the study were  undergraduate students who are majoring in English at the language education department and have attended  five days workshop on  economic literacy program conducted by Global Economic Awareness Project (GEAP) in 2019 academic year.  This research study used quantative method and a research designed survey was administered to gather questions with answers associated with a 5-point Likert scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The questionnaires of the research used Fishbein and  Ajzen’s Planned Behavior (TPB) theory, Shaver and  Scott’s personal traits, and Bandura’s Self efficacy theory.  The findings of the research reveal that  ‘risk taking’ and ‘ambition’ factor had  favorable results after students have attended short entrepreneurial course. Whereas, students’ still says “neutral” on ‘persuader’, ‘ambitious’, ‘performer’, ‘leadership’, and ‘business management factor’. It is safe to assume that students’ still had fair intention in developing their entrepreneurial interest because they have little to no experience on entreprenurial field in hand. Explicit real-life entrepreneurship related activities were recommended for future workshop to upgrade the student’s entrepreneurship talent and intention.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship Talent and Intention, Global Economic Awareness, Economic Literacy Program
The Potential of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy-Based Neurofeedback—A Systematic Review and Recommendations for Best Practice
Authors: Kohl Simon H. , Mehler David M. A. , Lührs Michael , Thibault Robert T. , Konrad Kerstin , Sorger Bettina
Published: July 2020

Background: The effects of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-neurofeedback on brain activation and behaviors have been studied extensively in the past. More recently, researchers have begun to investigate the effects of functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based neurofeedback (fNIRS-neurofeedback). FNIRS is a functional neuroimaging technique based on brain hemodynamics, which is easy to use, portable, inexpensive, and has reduced sensitivity to movement artifacts.

Method: We provide the first systematic review and database of fNIRS-neurofeedback studies, synthesizing findings from 22 peer-reviewed studies (including a total of N = 441 participants; 337 healthy, 104 patients). We (1) give a comprehensive overview of how fNIRS-neurofeedback training protocols were implemented, (2) review the online signal-processing methods used, (3) evaluate the quality of studies using pre-set methodological and reporting quality criteria and also present statistical sensitivity/power analyses, (4) investigate the effectiveness of fNIRS-neurofeedback in modulating brain activation, and (5) review its effectiveness in changing behavior in healthy and pathological populations.

Results and discussion: (1–2) Published studies are heterogeneous (e.g., neurofeedback targets, investigated populations, applied training protocols, and methods). (3) Large randomized controlled trials are still lacking. In view of the novelty of the field, the quality of the published studies is moderate. We identified room for improvement in reporting important information and statistical power to detect realistic effects. (4) Several studies show that people can regulate hemodynamic signals from cortical brain regions with fNIRS-neurofeedback and (5) these studies indicate the feasibility of modulating motor control and prefrontal brain functioning in healthy participants and ameliorating symptoms in clinical populations (stroke, ADHD, autism, and social anxiety). However, valid conclusions about specificity or potential clinical utility are premature.

Conclusion: Due to the advantages of practicability and relatively low cost, fNIRS-neurofeedback might provide a suitable and powerful alternative to EEG and fMRI neurofeedback and has great potential for clinical translation of neurofeedback. Together with more rigorous research and reporting practices, further methodological improvements may lead to a more solid understanding of fNIRS-neurofeedback. Future research will benefit from exploiting the advantages of fNIRS, which offers unique opportunities for neurofeedback research.
Improved Decoupling Control for a Powershift Automatic Mechanical Transmission Employing a Model-Based PID Parameter Autotuning Method
Authors: Sun Zhiqiang , Sanada Kazushi , Gao Bingzhao , Jin Jiaqi , Fu Jingshun , Huang Longfeng , Wu Xiaoliang
Published: July 2020

Automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) with a gearshift assistant mechanism is a novel transmission architect concept aiming to improve the torque interruption and driveline jerk of AMT. During the shifting process, the shifting performance deteriorates as the varying road gradient and the friction coefficient worsen the coupling effect between the motor torque and the clutch friction torque. This paper focuses on improving the controller’s robustness of AMT with a gearshift assistant mechanism against the perturbed parameters during the stage of torque gap filling. In this paper, a detailed powertrain simulation model was presented. Based on a decoupling controller and a disturbance compensator, proportional-integral-differential (PID) controllers are applied to enhance the robustness and the decoupling effect. The PID parameters are automatically tuned by employing the Nelder-Mead method. In the tuning process, a cost function was established to demonstrate the outputs’ reference tracking performance, and the PID parameters are tuned by minimizing the cost function. Finally, the tuned parameters are stored in PID maps to make them adjustable online. Simulation results show that with the perturbed parameters well estimated, the upshift process was successful and the torque filling effect was also acceptable. The proposed transmission is a promising structure for industry applications.
Influence of A Cooled, Solid Lying Area on the Pen Fouling and Lying Behavior of Fattening Pigs
Authors: Opderbeck S. , Keßler B. , Gordillio W. , Schrade H. , Piepho Hans-Peter , Gallmann Eva
Published: July 2020

Increasing demands on animal welfare and the higher temperatures in summer due to climate change make it necessary to adapt conventional pig husbandry systems. A cooled, solid lying area has the potential to increase lying comfort and reduce the heat stress, which improves animal welfare. In the present study, the effect of a cooled, solid lying area on lying and elimination behavior was investigated. In two fattening compartments, eight pens with 28 pigs each were rebuilt. Two pen designs, different in feeder place and type, were tested. The floor was cooled from 24.5 to 20 °C by cool water in half of the pens. A total of 672 fattening pigs were tested over three fattening periods. The lying behavior was recorded by video analysis three times per week and three times per day. In the pens with a cooled lying area, 14% (SED 2.9; p = 0.002), respectively 12% (SED 0.9; p = 0.0382) more pigs were lying on the solid lying area. Additionally, the fouling of the animals was reduced by the cooling in one pen design; the results were derived from weekly scores (0.42 vs. 0.67; SED 0.058 p = 0.0006). The fouling of the pen was not affected by the floor cooling, however, the fouling in all pens was very low.
Dog–Human Play, but Not Resting Post-Learning Improve Re-Training Performance up to One Year after Initial Task Acquisition in Labrador Retriever Dogs: A Follow-On Study
Authors: Affenzeller Nadja
Published: July 2020

Arousing and emotional situations can improve cognitive performance and the memorability of events. Recently, the enhancement of training performance in Labrador Retriever dogs through 30 min of dog–human play immediately after acquiring a novel task, when compared to a resting period, was demonstrated. This follow-on study used the same pseudo-randomized, counterbalanced, between-subject study design, and 11 Labrador Retrievers were re-trained in the identical two-choice discrimination paradigm after a period of 1 year. The playful activities group needed significantly less trials and made significantly less errors to successfully reach the re-training criterion (Mann–Whitney U test, critical value of U at p < 0.05 is 5, U = 5, Z = 1.73, p = 0.04 and U = 4.5, Z = 1.8, p = 0.03, respectively). Following model simplification of a multiple factor/covariate general linear model analysis, the type of intervention, the number of trials needed to re-learn the task after 24 h, the average heart rate during the intervention a year ago, and age were significantly correlated to the number of trials and errors needed to resolve the task. A significant difference due to intervention allocation (heart rate during the intervention, trials needed to re-learn the task after 24 h) between the groups was confirmed. Age did not significantly differ between the groups; nevertheless, the effects of ageing cannot be fully excluded, given the low sample size. No effects of the trainer and of the cortisol concentrations (of the previous year) were observed. This is the first evidence that post-training activity may influence memory up to 1 year after task acquisition.
Monitoring of Hydrogen Emission from Bacteria in Food, Animals and in the Blood of Humans Suffering from Lyme Disease by A Specific Hydrogen Sensor
Authors: Kolb Bruno , Riesterer Lorina , Widenhorn Anna-Maria , Bier Leona
Published: July 2020

A novel straightforward analytical technique was developed to monitor the emission of hydrogen from anaerobic bacteria cultured in sealed headspace vials using a specific hydrogen sensor. The results were compared with headspace gas chromatography carried out in parallel. This technique was also applied to investigate the efficacy of chemical antibiotics and of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties. Antibiotics added to the sample cultures are apparently effective if the emission of hydrogen is suppressed, or if not, are either ineffective or the related bacteria are even resistant. The sensor approach was applied to prove bacterial contamination in food, animals, medical specimens and in ticks infected by Borrelia bacteria and their transfer to humans, thus causing Lyme disease. It is a unique advantage that the progress of an antibiotic therapy can be examined until the emission of hydrogen is finished. The described technique cannot identify the related bacteria but enables bacterial contamination by hydrogen emitting anaerobes to be recognized. The samples are incubated with the proper culture broth in closed septum vials which remain closed during the whole process. The personnel in the lab never come into contact with pathogens and thus safety regulations are guaranteed.