bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation immunity of Russian economy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Krasilnikov Oleg Yu.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The article examines the general immunity of the Russian economy to innovation, which is inherent in it at the present stage. It is caused by a number of macro and microeconomic, as well as institutional factors. This was an important reason that did not allow us to achieve a number of ambitious economic goals set by the country’s leaders. Theoretical analysis. The review of empirical and statistical material confirms the negative trends that exist in Russian economy, associated with a decrease in the innovative activity of enterprises and organizations. Among the macroeconomic factors of innovation immunity of the Russian economy, the following are distinguished: a one-sided developed economic structure with a hypertrophied predominance of raw materials and energy-producing industries with a low added value of the final product; insufficient aggregate demand for innovation on the part of the state, firms and households, as well as the lack of investment resources for enterprises and organizations to implement innovation activities. Microeconomic factors of the Russian economy’s immunity to innovation are: lack of internal sources of financing from enterprises; the high cost of credit resources; lack of tax incentives and the lack of effective state support for innovation, especially at the level of small and medium-sized businesses. support for innovation, especially at the level of small and medium-sized businesses. Results. It is concluded that the support of innovation activity requires the protection of property rights, a fair tax and judicial system, the absence of administrative barriers and excessive regulation, the presumption of innocence of the entrepreneur, and general political and economic stability. At the present stage, it is necessary to develop a unified state strategy for innovative development, focused on increasing labor productivity and achieving sustainable economic growth, support innovation, especially at the level of small and medium-sized enterprises.
V. N. Tatishchev: Prolegomena of the Russian modernization research program in the XVIII century (Institutional-evolutionary approach)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Maksimov Vadim A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. V. N. Tatishchev, one of the founders of the Russian history studies, was notable for his broad views on the evolution of society and economic order. His economic views were not widely discussed during his lifetime and were not much in demand afterwards. Familiarity with his major works is hampered by the fact that they were almost never published in the form of notes, letters, and manuscripts. The ambiguity of his approaches, conclusions, recommendations and, accordingly, their evaluation was noted by many researchers who took diametrically opposed views. Deep erudition, reliance on Western European philosophy and Russian theology allowed the enlightener to create the conceptual milestones of the future institutional program. Theoretical analysis. Modernization of society should be based on constant changes in existing legislative and economic practices, ideological perceptions, and cultural patterns. This approach allows us to identify the most effective institutions (formal and informal rules), taking into account national specifics. Methodologically, the relationship between changes in public administration and social ethos “vertically and horizontally” is established; the importance of societal economic culture as a factor of sustainable development is emphasized. Empirical analysis. Considered chronologically consecutive works on purely economic topics and legal foundations of power are supported by a significant array of letters to Peter I, the Academy of Sciences, the Berg Collegium, and public figures of the first half of the 18th century. According to the thinker, economic policy, both at micro and macro levels, should be based on regulations, organizational adaptation and rational borrowing. The qualitative description of the structure of social relations of absolutist Russia, in the form of “physiology of society”, which resonates with the modern concepts in economic sociology and new institutional economic theory, is highlighted. Results. V. N. Tatishchev can reasonably be considered the conceptual forerunner of the modern theory of institutionalism. As an enlightener, in the spirit of eighteenth-century social thought, he created an introduction to the importance of permanent changes in Russian economic and social structures. The imperative of state construction of the economy at the macro level is supported by attention to micro-changes in the form of regular economic practices, combining elements of originality and creative borrowing of foreign innovations. Evolutionary approach of the thinker echoes the formation and development of economic views of the XIX and XX centuries, especially in the prerequisites of the theory of history periodization and the transition from one political order to another on the basis of changes in institutions (formal and informal rules).
Constitutional and legal models of countering terrorism
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Nardina Oksana V.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Terrorism as a socio-political phenomenon that violates the security, rights and interests of the individual, society and the state, puts forward new tasks for constitutional construction in a globalizing world. That is why the article examines the current constitutional and legal models of countering terrorism. The author analyzes various points of view of scientists and politicians on the relationship of human rights, as well as other constitutional values with measures of response to an emergency. Theoretical analysis. The study of the constitutional and legal models of countering terrorism is important not only from a theoretical, but also from a practical point of view, since the most serious and systematic abuse of exclusive powers and violations of human rights occur during countering threats to public order and national security. Empirical analysis. Considering the models for the application of exceptional measures in emergency situations, we draw attention to the following important factors within the framework in which they are implemented: whether the exceptional anti-terrorist measures are aimed at protecting the constitutional order, human rights and freedoms or when they are introduced, other goal-setting is possible; whether the state considers anti-terrorist measures to be extraordinary or proceeds from the assumption that their use is possible in the normal course of the exercise of state power; whether the transition of the state from emergency measures to the usual regime of exercising state power has been ensured in a normative way. Results. Systematizing the views of scientists on the problem of state countering terrorism, we have identified the following basic constitutional and legal models: the absolutization of human rights, non-constitutional and based on achieving a balance of public and private interests.
Kawasaki Disease Triggered by Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Hashemian Houman , Ashjari Yasaman , Nazari Esfandiar
Published: December 2021

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease today. An important and enduring complication of KD is a coronary aneurysm, whose early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the risk from 25% to 3%. Diagnosis of this disease is mainly clinical, although leukocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and echocardiography are helpful in diagnosis. The cause of KD remains unknown, but the most common hypothesis is an abnormal immune response that is likely caused by an infectious agent, possibly in a favorable genetic background, and leads to vasculitis of the middle arteries, especially coronary arteries of the heart. Numerous infectious agents have been suggested in this regard. Co-infection with KD can also delay diagnosis. In this article, we introduce five years and seven months child who developed Kawasaki disease within a few days of the onset of Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Case Report of 78-Year-Old Man With Meningitis, Pulmonary Thromboembolism and SARS-Coronavirus-2 Infection
Authors: Moghimi Minoosh , Ghodrati Samad , Abbaspourrad Zahra , Moghtader Mojdehi Amirhossein , Jafari Sattar , Mansouri Reza , Khodadadi Kasra , Muhammmadi Muhammmad Javad , Parsamanesh Negin
Published: December 2021

The novel coronavirus infection involves both the Central and Peripheral Nervous systems. Some of the presentations include acute cerebrovascular disease, impaired consciousness, transverse myelitis, encephalopathy, encephalitis, and epilepsy. Our patient was a 78-year-old man with dementia and diabetic nephropathy who was admitted two times for possibly COVID-19 infection. At the first hospitalization, the patient is treated with hydroxychloroquine and Kaletra based on clinical symptoms and initial laboratory findings due to suspicion of COVID-19. After the negative RT-PCR test of the nasopharyngeal sample for COVID-19 and evidence of aspiration pneumonia in CT scan, the patient was discharged with oral antibiotics. Five weeks later, he was rehospitalized with loss of consciousness, fever, and hypoxemia in the physical exam; he had neck stiffness in all directions, So the central nervous system (CNS) infection was suspected, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample was in favor of aseptic meningitis and second RT-PCR test of nasopharyngeal sample for COVID-19 was positive, but Brain MRI just showed small vessel disease without evidence of encephalitis. In the second hospitalization, he had acute renal failure, which was treated with supportive care, and also suffered from pulmonary embolism with cavitary lesions in his lungs. Meningitis with pulmonary embolism and acute renal failure have not yet been reported. Our patient is the first one, so we decided to share it. This case showed a different presentation of COVID-19 without typical lung involvement. So, we must pay attention to any signs and symptoms in a patient suspected of having a COVID-19.
Lapse and Relapse Rates in Narcotics Anonymous Versus Methadone Maintenance Treatment: A 12-Month Prospective Study
Authors: Mohseni Fahimeh , Rahimi Kasra , Niroumand Sarvandani Mohammad , Jamali Zhaleh , Seyedhosseini Tamijani Seyedeh Masoumeh , Rafaiee Raheleh
Published: December 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to compare lapse and relapse-free survival between patients treated in Narcotics Anonymous (NA) groups and Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) centers and to determine the relationship between social support scale and treatment outcome.
Method: This study was a prospective, 12-month cohort study using the random sampling method to select 100 newcomer patients treated by the NA Association as well as 100 patients in MMT centers. The data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Social Support Appraisals (SSA) scale at the onset of the study along with follow-up phone calls every other week.
Results: All participants were male, aged between 18 and 65 with a mean (SD) age of 38.98 (± 10.85) years. Prevalence of relapse in 12 months was 60.5%. The lapses in the MMT group and relapses in the NA group were significantly higher (P < 0.001). The younger patients with lower levels of education are at greater risk of lapse/relapse. The mean score of SSA was significantly higher in the MMT group than the NA group in all subscales, including friends, family, and the others' support (P < 0.001). The mean scores of SSA subscales for the participants without relapse in the NA group was significantly higher in comparison to the MMT group.
Conclusion: Detection of factors related to drug abuse relapse/lapse may help addiction therapists to identify drug abuse patients with lapse/relapse and to develop treatment and policy guidelines to prevent relapse in addiction recovery.
QUEM É VOCÊ, LIZZIE BENNET?” - PARATEXTOS, FICÇÃO E FACTUALIDADE EM TLBD
Authors: De Lucena Lucas Ricardo Jorge , Moreira Mariana Gonçalves
Published: December 2021

O presente texto visa analisar qualitativamente as relações entre os paratextos da websérie The Lizzie Bennet Diaries (adaptação do romance Orgulho e Preconceito, de Jane Austen) e a percepção de um pequeno grupo de usuários da Internet. As discussões iniciais envolvendo o binômio ficção x factualidade (Kuhn) e os conceitos de paratextualidade (Genette) e de metacomunicação e enquadramento (Bateson, Watzlawick, Goffman, Volli) nos levaram a diferentes formas de percepção desses usuários. Ao final, percebe-se que existem não apenas diferentes percepções em relação ao texto, mas que, em parte, tal diferenciação se dá pela não atenção aos indícios paratextuais, alterando o próprio estatuto da obra junto ao usuário.
Chitosan-Graft-Polyacrylamide Based Release Systems: Effect of pH and Crosslinking
Authors: KÜÇÜKÇALIK Ahmet , ÜNLÜ Cüneyt H.
Published: December 2021

This study covers the synthesis and release behavior of chitosan-graft-polyacrylamide copolymers in aqueous media at different pH values. The copolymers were synthesized using redox polymerization with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in 1% aqueous acetic acid solution as the initiator. Optimum condition for the graft copolymer synthesis was determined as 3.85 g/L chitosan, 0.27 M acrylamide (AAm) monomer at 40 °C with a CAN per gram chitosan as 6 mmol using 0.05 M stock solution in 0.1 N HNO3. Then the crosslinked copolymers were synthesized using methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker varying mass proportions of AAm:MBA as 15:1, 20:1, and 30:1. Obtained material amount (polymer yield) and molecular weight of crosslinked copolymers were lower than the graft copolymer as expected. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) release behaviors of all copolymers were monitored with UV-visible spectroscopy at different pH values (2, 6, and 8.5) corresponding to different media in the body (stomach, skin, and intestine, respectively). According to the results, the release behavior changed the least among the samples with respect to medium pH and of was the most affected.
ANÁLISE DA VIABILIDADE DE APROVEITAMENTO DE ÁGUA DA CHUVA PARA FINS NÃO POTÁVEIS EM EDIFICAÇÃO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO OESTE DO PARÁ - SANTARÉM
Authors: Gonçalves Isaías Conceição , Blanco Claudio José Cavalcante
Published: December 2021

Este estudo avalia o potencial de aproveitamento de água de chuva em uma edificação da Universidade do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA). A metodologia seguiu a norma da ABNT/NBR–15527/2007, com destaque para a seleção e o dimensionamento do reservatório do sistema via método da simulação, buscando a avaliação do tripé de sustentabilidade ambiental, viabilidade econômica e social. Após simulações para determinação do reservatório do sistema, determinou-se um reservatório com volume de 274 m³. Esse valor atenderia a demanda integral de água para usos não potáveis da edificação. Entretanto, a dimensão desse reservatório impede sua implantação devido à falta de espaço às proximidades da edificação. Assim, optou-se pela simulação do reservatório com um volume de 78 m³, obtendo-se um custo de R$ 82.982,59 para a implantação do sistema. Apesar do sistema de abastecimento da Universidade ser realizado por extração própria de poço profundo. Realizou-se a análise para se ter uma confrontação com valor de mercado da Companhia de Saneamento, que para o consumo estipulado totalizou mensalmente uma tarifa de R$ 2.159,01. Os resultados obtidos indicaram uma possibilidade de suplementação ou redução do consumo de água potável nos banheiros da edificação escolhida por um período de 9 meses e com uma necessidade de suplementar o sistema projetado nos 3 meses de estiagem da região.
Human Dignity and Its Premises in the Pandemic Crisis
Authors: Nemțoi Gabriela
Published: December 2021

Human dignity is a component that is part of the quality of existing as a human being even if the latter is the product of creationism or evolutionism. In its content, dignity is the carrier of complex scientific valences, combining the philosophical-religious paradigm with the legal one. In this context, the literature presents human dignity as an aspect traditionally associated with the division of public law, which evokes a super-positive reality, synthesizing elements of religion, ethics and morals located in a position superior to positive law, orienting the latter. The modern meaning given to human dignity oscillates between the illustrative character and the prescriptive character being constituted, in a complex sense, by the fusion between the moral content and the coercive right (Habermas, 2010, pp. 464-480) and, from another perspective, a stable notion that presupposes an objective moral principle that makes possible the legal recognition of human rights. The inability to include human dignity as a right in a unitary conceptualization leads, first of all, to the vast philosophical hermeneutics that is implicit in the discourse on dignity.
The Natural Movement of The Population in The Context of the Pandemic. Statistics at National Level Regarding Births, Deaths, Marriages and Divorces
Authors: Bilouseac Irina , Durleşteanu (Mechiș) Andra Ioana
Published: December 2021

The research in this article sheds light on issues related to the evolution of the national situation of the natural movement of the population from January 2019 to May 2021, given the registrations made at the civil registry services in Romania on births, deaths, marriages and divorces, aiming to make a comparison between the period before the pandemic and the period after its onset in our country, in March 2020. We want to see if the number of the four life events mentioned above was really influenced by the pandemic and thus increased or decreased significantly. Also, the study of the natural movement of the population in Romania, under the spectrum of the current health crisis is of major importance, given that the pandemic has visible effects on the acceleration of deaths in people with various comorbidities.
Wooden Language - a Contemporary Tool in Political and Advertising Communication
Authors: Catau Veres Daniela
Published: December 2021

Appeared with the totalitarian ideology, the wooden language remains a linguistic phenomenon frequently used in contemporary discourse. Used in contemporary thought circles, by advertisers, by communication agencies, by the media, by politicians, by polling institutes, etc., the wooden language pejoratively qualifies the discourse that contains it, provided that its specific structures be decrypted, as well as the intention of the issuer who wants to give the impression of authenticity, credibility and transparency. The issue of the use of wooden language in discourse presupposes a complex and transdisciplinary decryption process, which goes first through the identification of the means and procedures of realization, then through the identification of the functions that these linguistic structures hold at the level of discourse.
Particularities of Temporary Work. Advantages and Vulnerabilities
Authors: Bălăneasa Maria-Cristina
Published: December 2021

Temporary work is an alternative to providing the activity and procuring external, current labor force, more and more common in the countries of the European Union, including Romania. The alternative of such work is beneficial to all parties involved in the triangular employment relationship: the temporary work agent, the temporary employee and the user of the temporary workforce. This article proposes a brief presentation of some theoretical aspects related to temporary work (the importance of temporary work in today's society, the Community and national legislative framework, the actors of the temporary work relationship and the relationship between them, such as listing the conditions and authorization of the employee temporary in Romania) followed by an analysis on the evolution of employment agents registered in Romania in the period 2007-2021.
The Process of Becoming a Hatha-Yoga Practitioner
Authors: Konecki Krzysztof T.
Published: December 2021

This paper undertakes the problem of perceiving and feeling the body in the process of acquiring the identity of a hatha-yoga practitioner. The process of becoming a “yogi” is connected with the practice of the work on the body and defining these practices, specific perception of the body, and feeling the body.  Becoming a hatha-yoga practitioner is a process. I describe phases of this process in the paper: 1) The initial phase—constructing motives and first steps; 2) The phase of a fuller recognition of psychophysical effects and ascribing to them appropriate meanings; 3) The phase of a fuller recog­nition of spiritual aspects of hatha-yoga (quasi-religion). The relations between the mind and the body get complicated at the moment of meaningful engagement in yoga practice and defining body practice as mental practice, as well as spiritual. The work on the body can change the “Western” perspective of defining the body as a material element of human existence (the Cartesian vision) to a vision of treating the body as a spiritualized substance (the vision of Eastern philosophy). Such a change is not always possible if we hold on to the guidelines of other religions as own (e.g., the Catholic religion). Changes in the body and psyche have to be in such a situation defined differently, and also there have to be certain language descriptions of these changes (often acquiring guidelines of set languages formulas) in order to combine the statements of conventional religion with a new spiritual experience.
Expanding Our Methodological Toolbox: The “Place” of Twitter in the Ethnographic Endeavor
Authors: Simonetto Deana
Published: December 2021

Social media have been increasingly embraced by social actors inhabiting a wide range of social worlds, including the world of professional sports. This paper argues that Twitter has become an indispensible resource for sociologists seeking to better understand these worlds. Using data collected for a study of the Canadian Football League (CFL), the paper contrasts traditional interviews and Twitter as sources of data. This is followed by a discussion of both the unique advantages and limitations of Twitter data in research. The paper ends by encouraging an expansion of sociology’s methodological toolbox to include this form of social media.
Healthcare Innovation—The Epital: A Living Lab in the Intersection Between the Informal and Formal Structures
Authors: Hesseldal Louise , Kayser Lars
Published: December 2021

This study explores an alternative healthcare innovation project in its making using ethnographic research methods. The project is a confined space—a living lab—that cannot fully be described or explained in the same way we normally understand set-ups for healthcare innovation. By creating its own space, in the intersection between formal and informal structures, it draws our attention to a new way of organizing healthcare innovation. Taking an ethnographic research approach, it is suggested how a concept of a bubble can be used to describe the nature of the living lab as a partial and flexible object that constitutes multiple future possibilities. The concept of the bubble challenges the notion of the living lab as a cheese bell, which is the term used by the field participants, inspired by Clayton Christensen. Bringing in theoretical points from Bruno Latour regarding laboratories, this study explores the materiality of the laboratory and its political nature. The study contributes to the debate on innovation in healthcare and especially fuses to the discussion of how to organize healthcare innovation. It argues that we need to pay attention to new kinds of living labs—like the one introduced in this study.
La compétence argumentative dans les examens de certification officielle de FLE et ELE
Authors: Durand Géraldine
Published: December 2021

En fonction de la langue évaluée dans les examens de certification officielle pour l’obtention du DELF et du DELE B1 et B2, les exigences concernant le développement de la compétence argumentative chez le candidat vont être spécifiques. Conditionné par les normes auxquelles se plient les épreuves qui visent à la certification officielle d’un niveau, le contenu de la tâche attendu dans les exercices des sujets révèle une conception propre de la dimension argumentative que doit avoir un discours en français ou en espagnol.
Enhancing Phycoerythrin and Phycocyanin Production from Porphyridium cruentum CCALA 415 in Synthetic Wastewater: The Application of Theoretical Methods on Microalgae
Authors: Onay Melih
Published: December 2021

Phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) are florescent pigments. They have the colorant role in the industry. In this study, production of PE and PC from Porphyridium cruentum were investigated at the various conditions such as different concentrations of municipal wastewater, wavelengths and salicylic acid using Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD), regression analysis and rstool models. The maximum RSM predicted PE concentration was 29.5 mg/g biomass at 50 % of wastewater, 510 nm of wavelength and 10 µM of salicylic acid. On the other hand, maximum RSM predicted PC concentration was 6.9 mg/g biomass at 50% of wastewater, 680 nm and 40 µM of salicylic acid. According to the ANOVA results, the square effects of the three variables (X1, X2 and X3) were found to be significant for the phycocyanin concentration, while the wastewater and salicylic acid variables (X1 and X3) were found to be important in the Phycoerythrin concentration. In addition to this, the highest PE and PC concentrations were 27.648 and 5.7104 mg/g biomass, respectively, for 50 % of wastewater, 512.5 nm and 47.0833 µM of salicylic acid according to rstool model. In conclusion, the variables such as wastewater, wavelength and salicylic acid can be used for the highest PE and PC concentration by means of RSM-CCD and rstool models and these variables may contribute to the industrial production of the two pigments.
GABAergic effects of some foods extracts via inhibition of GABA transaminase (GABA-T)
Authors: ŞAHİN Sümeyye , HAAS Sahra
Published: December 2021

Objective: GABAergic system is a target for various groups of medications including sedatives, anxiolytics, muscle relaxants, antidepressants and antiepileptics. Several foods or food ingredients are able to affect the GABAergic system by the inhibition of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) degrading enzymes including the GABA-transaminase and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase. The purpose of this study to investigate the inhibitory effects of tea (Camellia sinensis), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on GABA degrading enzymes.Methods: The inhibition of the GABA-T by aqueous extracts of tea (Camellia sinensis), coffee (Coffea arabica L.), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) was investigated using a fluorometric microplate enzyme assay. Dose-dependent inhibition of the GABA-degrading enzymes was attained by all the food extracts tested. For determination of the IC50 values of the extracts (± 95 % CI), a linear regression was performed using Origin® (Origin® 2015G von Origin Lab Corporation, Northampton, MA 01060 USA).Results: The aqueous extract of black tea presented the strongest inhibitory activity with an IC50-value (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of 13.0 (11.0-15.3) µg/mL. The tested food extracts were successful in inhibiting the GABA-degrading enzymes even at low concentrations. Conclusion: In conclusion, the selected food extracts could serve as natural inhibitors for GABA-degrading enzymes thus, they could increase the GABA concentration in the brain.
Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Sargassum polycystum of Ethanol Extract from Waters of Kabung Island
Authors: Safitri Ikha , Warsidah W. , Sofiana Mega Sari Juane , Kushadiwijayanto Arie A. , Sumarni T. Novi
Published: December 2021

Sargassum policystum is one of the genus Sargassum from the brown macroalgae group which has an abundance of chemical constituents of fucoidan, fucoxanthin, phenolic acids and alginate which have important biological activities, such as antioxidants and antibacterials. This species thrives in the waters of Kabung Island, Bengkayang, West Kalimantan and has not been exploited so that it tends to act as a marine weed. This study aimed to determine the total phenolic content of the ethanolic extract of S. policystum and its antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Determination of the total content of phenolic compounds using the Folin Ciocalteu method, antioxidant testing using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and the indicator of sample color change with the addition of these radicals was measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Antibacterial testing was carried out by the test sample diffusion method and the inhibition of the growth of the test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as test bacteria was indicated by the formation of a clear area around the sample wells. The results showed that the phenol content of the ethanolic extract of S. policystum was 79.8 mg/g extract, its antioxidant activity (IC50) was 98.903 ppm, classified as a strong antioxidant, while the comparison antioxidant, Vitamin C, had an IC50 of 6.26 ppm. The inhibitory ability of the ethanol extract against the test bacteria used was indicated by the formation of the largest inhibition diameter on S. aureus of 12.4 mm and E. coli of 12.0 mm.
Nauka o literaturze w kontekście teorii Siegfrieda Schmidta
Authors: Płoszaj Katarzyna
Published: December 2021

Profesjonalizacja, empiryczna weryfikacja, interdyscyplinarność i przydatność — takie oto cztery imperatywy zostaną przedstawione w niniejszym artykule jako filary teorii stworzonej przez Siegfrieda Schmidta (zwanej teorią tekstów). Koncepcja, o której tutaj mowa, skoncentrowana jest wokół nauki o (szeroko pojętej) literaturze z perspektywy paradygmatu konstruktywistycznego, a prezentowane zgodnie z nią postulaty nabierają szczególnego znaczenia w kontekście prowadzenia pożytecznej działalności naukowej z zakresu badań literackich.
Nie-miejsca w literaturze. Motyw hotelu w twórczości Josepha Rotha
Authors: Szkoła Dawid
Published: December 2021

Joseph Roth, od kiedy opuścił rodzinne Brody, zamieszkiwał przez resztę swojego życia w hotelach. Motyw hotelu i braku stałego miejsca zamieszkania pojawiały się nie tylko w jego powieściach i opowiadaniach, lecz także w felietonach, które drukował w niemieckojęzycznej prasie. W tym artykule przedstawię najważniejsze felietony, w których pisał o hotelowej rzeczywistości. Ukażę hotel jako nie-miejsce (w terminologii Marca Augé), przestrzeń anonimową, stworzoną dla ludzi bez adresu, emigrantów i samotników. Do grupy takich ludzi bez wątpienia zaliczał się Joseph Roth, który uważał się za obywatela nieistniejącej monarchii Franciszka Józefa. Dlatego hotel był dla niego namiastką domu.
Migracja i powrót do ojczyzny — analiza komiksu „Powrócisz TU”
Authors: Rozbicka Patrycja
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza doświadczeń emigracyjnych, postrzegania ojczyny oraz konstruowania tożsamości w perspektywie opowieści graficznej, jaką jest komiks. W artykule dokonano analizy treści komiksu Karoliny Chyżewskiej Powrócisz TU. Doświadczenia emigracyjne głównej bohaterki komiksu zostały omówione z wykorzystaniem kategorii wygenerowanych podczas analizy. Istotnymi kodami dla analizy materiału były pytanie: „kim jestem?” i próba odpowiedzi na nie, wspomnienia matki, polsko-niemieckie różnice kulturowe (w tym wizerunek kobiet, relacje damsko-męskie, tematy tabu), pojęcie ojczyzny oraz relacje matki i córki.
Prawo, język i komunikacja — stan i perspektywy badań nad zniesławieniem i mową nienawiści
Authors: Grech Michał
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy tekst ma charakter przeglądowy i teoretyczny, a w jego ramach zamierzono realizację dwóch głównych celów. Pierwszym z nich jest skrótowy przegląd historycznych i aktualnych pól badawczych łączących problematykę prawną oraz naukę o komunikacji i językoznawstwo, jak również perspektyw rozwoju, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sytuacji w Polsce. Zamierzeniem tego przeglądu jest sprawdzenie, czy w ramach badań lingwistyki prawnej podejmowane były problemy, które zostaną przedstawione w drugiej części tekstu. Drugim celem tekstu jest wskazanie propozycji nowych obszarów badań wypowiedzi pod kątem istotnych prawnych pojęć takich jak atak werbalny, „mowa nienawiści”, dyskredytacja czy zniesławienie.
Recomendaciones para una correcta información sanitaria que evite confusión e inexactitudes en el conocimiento de la mortalidad provocada por la infección de COVID-19 en España
Authors: Cascón Porres Rafael , Villanueva Llauradó Paula , Santos Olalla Francisco , Berzal Rubio Miguel
Published: December 2021

Introducción: La comunicación correcta del número de fallecimientos asociados a la pandemia COVID-19 debería ser una prioridad en la lucha contra la pandemia; el conocimiento certero de esa información es un derecho de la sociedad y constituye un pilar fundamental en la concienciación general. Objetivos: Considerando la importancia de informar de forma concreta sobre la mortalidad por COVID-19, se han comparado los datos de mortalidad evaluando el ámbito nacional y comparándolo con la escala europea. Metodología: Se comparan los datos de exceso de mortalidad y decesos por COVID-19, conforme a la información disponible en diversas fuentes institucionales, con atención particular al caso de España y se analiza la situación nacional dentro del conjunto europeo. Resultados: Se detectan importantes discrepancias y ausencia de criterios uniformes, lo que dificulta dar una información clara y concisa a la población y la toma de decisiones para su contención. Conclusión: La comunicación realizada desde los organismos oficiales encargados del seguimiento y comunicación de los efectos de la pandemia deberían seguir los criterios de la OMS y actualizarse incluyendo los fallecidos por causa de la COVID-19 confirmados o probables, para evitar equívocos en la posterior difusión de las cifras de mortalidad por los medios de comunicación.
Estudio piloto sobre el uso de las aplicaciones móviles como información nutricional para el consumidor de alimentos
Authors: Gómez Alejandra , Mesías Marta
Published: December 2021

Introducción: La etiqueta de los alimentos ayuda al consumidor a decidir los productos adquiridos y sus hábitos alimentarios. Las aplicaciones para dispositivos móviles que permiten escanear el etiquetado de un producto son herramientas cada vez más utilizadas por la población. Objetivos: Realizar un estudio piloto para conocer el uso de las aplicaciones móviles como herramienta para obtener información nutricional por parte del consumidor de alimentos. Metodología: Se elaboró un cuestionario, distribuido a 293 participantes, relacionado con la descarga de apps que escanean las etiquetas de los alimentos, su uso y la opinión del encuestado sobre su utilidad y fiabilidad. Resultados: El 34,5% de los encuestados son usuarios de aplicaciones con escaneo de etiquetas de alimentos. El 70% las utiliza cuando va a la compra, para conocer la información global de los alimentos o la composición en determinados nutrientes. Sin embargo, sólo un tercio considera que esa información es completamente útil y fiable. Conclusión: Debido al creciente uso por parte de la población de aplicaciones móviles para evaluar el etiquetado de los alimentos, éstas deben incluir información científicamente contrastada, útil y veraz. Además, los usuarios deben tener un conocimiento adecuado para interpretar la información recibida a través de estas apps.
STUNNING FROM SAINS AND ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Husna Fiki
Published: December 2021

In 2012 the need for meat for consumption or industrial materials in Indonesia reached 484,000 tons and increased to 686,270 tons in 2019. The high demand for meat causes the intensity of slaughter to also increase so that the existence of slaughterhouses is very necessary. In the implementation process, RPH must pay attention to several aspects so that the quality of the meat produced is good, clean and the meat is halal. In the context of the codification of Islamic law (fatwa) in Indonesia, stunning is one of the important studies. This is evidenced by the fatwa of the MUI number 12 of 2009 concerning Halal Beef Certification Standards. This fatwa is motivated by several things, namely the practice of slaughtering animals in Islam must follow the provisions of Islamic law and in the implementation of the slaughter process many use modern equipment in line with technological developments, so that there are various models of cutting and processing that raise questions about the suitability of the implementation of slaughtering with Islamic law. The enactment of the Fatwa of the MUI number 12 of 2009 concerning Halal Slaughter Certification Standards by the Fatwa of the MUI on Mechanical Slaughter of Animals on October 18, 1976, the decision of the Coordination Meeting of the Fatwa Commission and LPPOM MUI and the Indonesian Ministry of Religion, on May 25, 2003, in Jakarta, Fatwa of the MUI Number 4 of 2003 concerning Standardization of Halal Fatwas; Results of the Decision of the Ulama Ijtimak of the Indonesian Fatwa Commission II in 2006 at the Gontor Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School on Critical Issues in Halal Auditing; The results of the Working Group Meeting of the ICU Fatwa Commission for Food, Drugs and Cosmetics and the ICU LPPOM Team on November 12, 2009. This fatwa resulted in a decision, one of which was related to stunning. Stunning to simplify the slaughtering process is legal, provided that: (1) Stunning only causes the animal to faint temporarily, does not cause death or permanent injury; (2) aims to facilitate slaughter; (3) its implementation as a form of ihsan, not animal torture
Remove the Wounds in the City (Policy) for Lepers in Surabaya in the 19th Century
Authors: Moordiati Moordiati
Published: December 2021

This article aims to discuss about the treatment of people with leprosy (leprosy) in Surabaya during the nineteenth century.  The maltreatment can not be ignored since their existence was never really desirable  in the city, let alone the many stigmas that had already been attached to them. It is not unusual if people had the desire to  "remove" them from the city.  But apparently this action also not an easy matter to bring about, especially amid the presence of a wide range of arguments and the final decision as to whether or not "deletion" ( forced exile) supported the removal of  those lepers that occurred during this period.Keywords Lepers - Surabaya - policy - deletion - forced exile.
Agrarian Culture and Javanese Attachment to Their Land: A Study of Local Wisdom Values in Javanese Proverbs
Authors: Pujiriyani Dwi Wulan
Published: December 2021

Agrarian culture is closely related to the scope of the relationship between humans and their agricultural land. This study aims to analyze the values of Javanese attachment to their land. This research was conducted using qualitative methods through proverbial analysis. Proverb analysis was done through the method of classifying or grouping keywords from 134 proverbs. The results show that Javanese attachment to their land can be found in two main dimensions, namely land as a source of income or land economy and landrootedness. In Javanese culture, it turns out that proverbs which contain the obligation to protect the land are stronger than proverbs that contain the right to make decisions on land. This indicates that culturally, the value of protecting the land is very important for Javanese people. Sanctions from the universe and the creator are strongly implied for them who negligent to maintain their land properly.
Модифікація алгоритму хешування з метою підвищення швидкодії операцій у нереляційних базах даних
Authors: Нікітін В. , Крилов Є. , Корнага Я. , Анікін В.
Published: December 2021

Об’єктом дослідження є методи індексування у нереляційних базах даних. У статті був зроблений огляд найбільш поширених алгоритмів хешування та запропонованого алгоритму хешування на основі простих чисел та двійкової системи числення. Ця робота грунтується на основній теоремі арифметики, яка стверджує про можливість факторизації будь-якого натурального числа унікальним набором простих чисел. Даний підхід дає можливість використовувати математичний апарат для обгрунтування властивостей алгоритму. Алгоритми, що розглянуті у статті, базуються навиконанні послідовності бітових операцій і тим самим, не можуть бути стійкими до колізій. Саме ця характеристика є найважливішою для використання розширеного хешування замість збалансованого бінарного дерева при індексації у нереляційних базах даних. Це дасть можливість не тільки підвищити швидкодію запитів, а ще дозволитьвикористовувати апаратні засоби максимально ефективно. Оскільки головною метою роботи є адаптація комбінованого алгоритму для нереляційних баз даних, то для досягнення цієї мети необхідно мати хеш-функцію, якамає високу стійкість до колізій. Запропонований алгоритм було реалізовано з використанням мови програмування високого рівня С++, оскільки вона дозволяє створювати абстракції з низькою “вартістю” та мати можливість роботи на низькому рівні з інформацією. У контексті роботи, найбільш корисною можливістю є виконання операцій набітовому рівні. В якості практичної частини було проведено два експерименти, метою яких було виявлення різних вхідних масивів даних, які на виході давали би однакові хеші. Основною ідею експериментів була генерація випадкових даних та отримання хешів, використовуючи запропонований алгоритм. Результатом тестування є відсутність таких вхідних масивів даних. Результати досліду показали доцільним продовжувати досліджувати запропонований алгоритм з використанням математичного апарату для аналізу його властивостей.

Бібл. 4, табл. 1.
Using nano-like structures to solve problems ensuring electromagnetic compatibility
Authors: Machulianskyi O.V. , Rodionova M.V. , Pilinskyi V.V. , Shvaichenko V.B.
Published: December 2021

Screening of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields in the frequency range: units, tens of kilohertz to few, tens of gigahertz are considered. The requirements to the nanostructure composite materials for electromagnetic screening are described. Methods of screening on the basis of reflecting or absorbing broadband nanocomposite structures for radiointerference filters are identified
Analysis of the transfer functions of a transformer with using the harmonic balance method
Authors: Kuznecov N.N. , Zhuikov V. Ya.
Published: December 2021

The article presents transformer transfer functions derivation based on harmonic balance method. The normal and saturated modes of transformer is considered
Economic aspect of electricity consumption in energy microgrid system
Authors: Pichkalov E.S. , Tereshchenko T.O. , Yamnenko Yu.S.
Published: December 2021

Problems that must be solved for realization of the virtual market of the electric power in a power system microgrid are formulated. A structure of the power system with the internal network is offered. Principles are considered and criteria of functioning of the virtual markets of the electric power are developed
Analysis of aftereffects in therapeutic exposure to magnetic field
Authors: Delavar-Kasmai M. , Zaporozhko I.A. , Zubchuk V.I. , Komar A.G. , SHlykov V.V.
Published: December 2021

For the estimation of efficiency of the magnetic field influence on the patient a method of estimation of effects of the deferred action under the influence of the magnetic field is offered. The method based on calculation of index of the form and normalized index of the amplitude-phase which is calculated on the basis of harmonious structure of a signal of pulse waves. The adequacy of the suggested criteria of the efficiency estimation is confirmed using measurements by the Nakatani method
About the classification of electromagnetic interference of converters electricity
Authors: Pilinskij V.V. , Popov V.A. , SHalilekh SHahriyar
Published: December 2021

The procedure of energy transformation inthe converters of switch-mode power supply(SMPS) as electromagnetic interference (EMI)sources are considered. Analytic survey of theprocesses of EMI generation from SMPS is given. Spectral levels of real and standard pulsessequences are compared. It’s shown that EMIlevels sometimes exceed standards, thereforeit’s necessary to elaborate the classification ofSMPS converter as EMI sources
ГІБРИДНІ АПАТИТ-БІОПОЛІМЕРНІ ПОКРИТТЯ, ОТРИМАНІ МЕТОДОМ ТЕРМІЧНОЇ ДЕПОЗИЦІЇ НА МОДЕЛЬНИХ ІМПЛАНТАТАХ З ТИТАНУ ТА ЙОГО СПЛАВІВ
Authors: Суходуб Л.Ф.
Published: December 2021

Реферат – Проблематика – розробка та виробництво покриттів для медичних імплантатів складають суттєвий сегмент сучасного ринку технологій. Враховуючи кількість хворих, яким потрібна операція по відновленню цілісності кісткової тканини, об'єми необхідних матеріалів оцінюються на рівні десятків тон. Мета дослідження – аналіз стану розробок та технологій біоміметичного отримання багатофункціональних біосумісних наноструктурованих покриттів на основі ортофосфатів кальцію (СаР) та природних біополімерів хітозану (CS), альгінату (Alg), колагену (Cg) у вигляді двофазних систем метал/покриття. Методика реалізації - використання технології термічної депозиції (TSD-temperature substrate deposition) з водних розчинів прекурсорів. Результати дослідження: В даному огляді просумовано наукові дані щодо методів отримання біоактивних, протимікробних СаР покриттів та дослідження їх властивостей. Відмічені особливості популярних технологій: плазмове розпилення, електрофоретичне та електрохімічне осадження, золь-гель, біоміметичне осадження. Зважаючи на підвищену резистентність мікроорганізмів до широкого ряду антибіотиків в останні десятиліття, в якості протимікробних засобів до складу покриттів були внесені альтернативні частинки неорганічного походження, а саме фулерен C60, наночастинки та іони срібла Agnano, Ag+, частинки цинку оксиду (ZnO). Сучасними інструментальними методами проведено аналіз структурних, фізичних та антибактеріальних властивостей покриттів. Висновки: Аналіз отриманих результатів щодо синтезу та структурно-фазових досліджень апатит-біополімерних покриттів, отриманих методом TSD в лабораторії «Біонанокомпозит» Сумського державного університету протягом останніх 5 років надає інформацію про стан досліджень за вказаною проблематикою та може бути корисним при подальших дослідженнях науковців, в тому числі молодих вчених.
Ключові слова: покриття, ортофосфати кальцію, біополімери, термодепозиція
ЕЛЕКТРОХІРУРГІЧНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ДЛЯ МАЛОІНВАЗИВНИХ ВТРУЧАНЬ В АБДОМІНАЛЬНІЙ ХІРУРГІЇ
Authors: Дубко А.Г. , Чвертко Н.А. , Лебедєв О.В.
Published: December 2021

РефератВ Інституті електрозварювання ім. Є. О. Патона, на базі попереднього досвіду, створено електрохірургічний інструмент, призначений для вирішення актуальної проблеми сучасної абдомінальної хірургії зупинці кровотеч в екстренихситуаціях при лікуванні виразок шлунково кишкового тракту. Відомі традиційні методи зупинки кровотеч: механічні (ниткові, скобкові)скобкові), електричні хімічні, термічні та інш. мають цілий ряд недоліків, які перешкоджають їх широкому впровадженню в хірургічну практику. Осно вними недоліками є післяопераційні ускладнення перекоагуляція тканин, дорожнеча обладнання. Створений електрохірургічний інструмент розроблено з урахуванням явища «скін ефекту». Робочі поверхні електродів інструменту мають збільшений периметр, в порівнянн і з традиційною формою. Це дозволяє рівномірно розподілити густину струму по поверхням електродів, та вивільнити центральну зону їх робочих поверхонь для розташування в ній трубки подачі або відводу фізрозчину. Цей інструмент дозволяє виконувати швидку екс трену зупинку кровотеч при лікуванні виразкової хвороби. Він дозволяє ліквідувати існуючі недоліки традиційних технологій та може застосовуватись для лікування хворих з штучним водієм ритму серця, що значно розширює коло пацієнтів, які можуть вилікуватись. Розроблене устаткування в порівнянні з традиційнимє значно дешевшимКлючові словаелектрохірургічний інструмент, абдомінальна хірургія, малоінвазивні втручання, екстрена зупинка кровотеч,лікування виразок, скін ефект.