bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Travailleurs sociaux et enseignants : penser des temps communs de formation pour construire une société inclusive
Authors: Claverie Renaud
Published: June 2023

La recherche a transformé la conception initiale du handicap et, au travers des différentes définitions données, depuis le milieu du siècle dernier, de nouvelles pratiques éducatives et pédagogiques ont vu le jour. En ce début de troisième décennie du XXI e  siècle, il nous semble nécessaire de poser les questions du travail social, et de la formation des travailleurs sociaux, dans un contexte éducatif plus large, depuis notamment la mise en œuvre de la loi de février 2005, qui définit ainsi de nouveaux « espaces de travail », de nouvelles missions, de nouvelles pratiques professionnelles et de nouveaux partenariats. Cette posture nous amènera à considérer les métiers du travail social et ceux de l’enseignement dans une certaine forme de complémentarité, relevant d’un indispensable partenariat à construire. À ce titre, des propositions en matière de formation sont à envisager pour construire une société inclusive.
L’urbanisme transitoire : carewashing ou jeu de dupes dans la fabrique de la ville ?
Authors: Delfavero Sébastien
Published: June 2023

La quête de sens est une motivation essentielle pour les jeunes diplômés de l’enseignement supérieur. Ainsi, des acteurs de l’aménagement, de l’architecture ou du spectacle intègrent depuis quelques années l’économie sociale et solidaire. Ils fondent leur pratique sur des appels à projets et ils inventent des lieux hybrides qui associent mixité sociale et créativité. Si ce type de management vise l’innovation, ces pratiques bouleversent l’intervention sociale : les modes de financement sollicités modifient profondément le rapport au temps et à l’action. Partant de l’observation d’un tiers-lieu marseillais et de son environnement, cet article expose les tensions qui naissent des différences de pratiques et de cultures entre les porteurs d’un projet d’urbanisme transitoire et les structures sociales pérennes et plus traditionnelles qui l’environnent. Si la temporalité est pointée du doigt pour expliquer ces tensions, n’y aurait-il pas là l’expression d’un différend logique, qui engagerait la rationalité même du projet, interrogeant sa capacité à prendre réellement en compte les questions sociales auxquelles il prétend se confronter ?
On Auguste Comte’s “sociology of emotions”
Authors: Iagulli Paolo
Published: June 2023

Résumé: Dans cet article, nous essayons de montrer que, textuellement présentes dans sa sociologie de la religion, et en particulier dans sa religion de l'humanité, les émotions semblent pouvoir être configurées dans la structure réflexive globale d'Auguste Comte, également, voire principalement, comme un moyen par lequel l’ordre social peut être réalisé et reproduit. Il semble donc possible de parler d’une “sociologie des émotions” comtienne embryonnaire et/ou potentielle. Certes, il n'a pas développé une réflexion directe et autonome sur le thème des émotions, mais cela n'empêche pas de noter dans la dernière phase de sa vie et de sa production scientifique, profondément marquée par le Système de la politique positive, une attention particulière aux bases émotionnelles de l'humanité et de la socialité.
De la discipline à la libération des émotions : mutation dans les stratégies de contrôle social
Authors: Carretero Pasín Angel Enrique
Published: June 2023

La question centrale posée ici consiste en une clarification des clés explicatives de la transition de la configuration politique des émotions de la culture moderne à l'époque actuelle. Dans cette clarification, l'accent est mis sur une lecture du profil des subjectivités émergentes dans la culture d'aujourd'hui en vertu d'un contraste avec le profil de la subjectivité conçu dans la modernité en raison de la conversion de l'État en institution pierre angulaire de la vie sociale et de la rationalité qu'il inspire. Dans cette proposition argumentative nous plaidons pour déchiffrer la raison de la récente relocalisation des émotions dans la centralité des régimes discursifs des Sciences Sociales en correspondance avec la mutation des stratégies biopolitiques structurant la subjectivité et la modification des objectifs biopolitiques confiés aux institutions. De cette façon, les conditions épistémiques de possibilité, les hypothèses théoriques et les limites épistémologiques des régimes discursifs centrés sur les émotions sont révélées. Dans cet aspect, nous abordons les changements significatifs opérant dans la consolidation d'une étape culturelle de la modernité articulée autour de la consommation symbolique et de ses répercussions sur l'expérience collective. Dès lors, en décryptant les codes explicatifs de l'avènement de cette culture émotionnelle naissante, il s'agit d'éclairer les raisons d'une physionomie de malaise culturel méconnaissable dans la typologie proposée à l'époque par le discours psychanalytique.
Le bénéfice des unes est-il celui des autres ? Le cas des usagères d’un progestatif de synthèse
Authors: Lavier Cécile
Published: June 2023

L’article s’intéresse à la hiérarchisation des usagères d’un progestatif de synthèse, l’Homodéor, et à ses effets sur la construction d’un plan de pharmacovigilance par une agence sanitaire française, alors qu’une volonté institutionnelle est affichée de mieux collaborer avec l’ensemble des associations de patient·e·s. Cette étude de cas s’appuie principalement sur une enquête qualitative par entretiens avec les agentes, les professionnel·le·s de santé et les représentantes d’usagères, qui visaient à explorer les relations et représentations constituées autour de ce dossier. Malgré la diversité des usages du progestatif, une hiérarchisation entre les différents groupes d’utilisatrices a progressivement été établi. Les mesures de pharmacovigilance ont été pensées à destination d’un groupe spécifique de patientes, présentées comme les usagères idéales du médicament. Le cas de l’Homodéor permet de mettre en évidence des dynamiques de mise en concurrence de groupes de patientes et, plus largement, les enjeux de la prise en compte de groupes minoritaires dans les politiques de santé au prisme de leur contexte d’élaboration.
Les lesbiennes se droguent-elles davantage ? Les effets de l’(hétéro)sexualité sur la consommation de produits psychoactifs
Authors: Eched Yaël , Marsicano Élise
Published: June 2023

Introduction : La majorité des travaux portant sur la santé des populations lesbiennes, gays, bisexuelles ou trans (LGBT) s’intéresse en réalité à la santé des hommes et se focalise sur l’altérité hétérosexuelle/homosexuelle, sans prise en compte de leurs pratiques ni de leurs trajectoires. But de l’étude : Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à la consommation de produits psychoactifs parmi les lesbiennes et les femmes bisexuelles. À partir de l’analyse secondaire de l’Enquête presse gays et lesbiennes (Institut de veille sanitaire, 2011), cet article ambitionne d’analyser le lien entre l’orientation sexuelle des répondantes et la consommation de produits psychoactifs. Résultats : Nos résultats montrent que, chez les femmes homo-bisexuelles, la sexualité avec des partenaires masculins est associée à des niveaux de consommation augmentés de produits psychoactifs illégaux. Cela n’est cependant pas vérifié lorsqu’il s’agit de médicaments. Concernant l’alcool, les niveaux de consommation suivent un gradient correspondant au nombre des partenaires, quel que soit leur sexe. En revanche, l’identification sexuelle n’est pas un indicateur pertinent pour interpréter les niveaux de consommation, quel que soit le produit consommé. Cela suggère que la bisexualité n’est pas en soi un facteur de consommation. Conclusions : Ces résultats invitent à nuancer les liens couramment faits entre orientation sexuelle et consommation augmentée de produits psychoactifs. Non seulement les niveaux de consommation ne sont pas les mêmes selon les produits, mais ils dépendent aussi du sexe et des indicateurs de sexualité retenus. En particulier en ce qui concerne les femmes bisexuelles, cela conduit à nuancer l’hypothèse d’un lien entre une double discrimination, de la part de leurs partenaires masculins et féminines, et leur niveau de consommation de produits psychoactifs. En raison du poids des structures hétérosexistes, la sexualité avec des hommes constitue un déterminant important des pratiques de consommation de produits psychoactifs au sein des minorités sexuelles.
Abord de l’orientation sexuelle des patientes : représentations et pratiques des médecins généralistes
Authors: Gaigeot Océane , Romby Axelle , Puill Céline
Published: June 2023

Introduction : Alors que les femmes sont de plus en plus nombreuses à se dire non hétérosexuelles, elles s’estiment bénéficier d’un moins bon suivi, tant quantitatif que qualitatif, en médecine générale que les femmes hétérosexuelles. Peu d’études portent sur l’expérience des médecins généralistes avec ce public. Méthode : Il s’agit d’une étude qualitative avec des données issues de dix entretiens semi-directifs auprès de médecins généralistes sélectionné·e·s dans le cadre d’un échantillonnage théorique. L’analyse a été réalisée par théorisation ancrée. But de l’étude : Identifier les représentations et pratiques des médecins généralistes dans l’abord de l’orientation sexuelle des patientes. Résultats : Les médecins déduisaient l’orientation sexuelle de l’une de ses trois composantes : l’attirance, les pratiques et l’identité sexuelle. Aborder ou non l’orientation sexuelle dépendait de la perception des médecins du caractère utile et intrusif de cette donnée. Les représentations sociales et les stéréotypes de la sexualité des patientes non hétérosexuelles pouvaient mener à des discriminations dans l’accès aux soins. Des médecins généralistes décrivaient des conduites hétéronormatives mais certain·e·s opéraient une mise à distance progressive vis-à-vis de celles-ci. Dans la pratique, cela se traduisait par une approche inclusive des personnes non hétérosexuelles avec une absence de présomption d’hétérosexualité. Conclusion : En tant que médecin, identifier ses représentations sociales et remettre en question son hétéronormativité permet d’avoir une prise en charge plus inclusive des patientes non hétérosexuelles. Accompagner les étudiant·e·s et les professionnel·le·s dans cette démarche est une des clefs pour une meilleure prise en charge des personnes minorisées.
Facteurs structurels et communautaires augmentant la vulnérabilité des hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes dans la riposte au virus de l’immunodéficience humaine au Burkina Faso
Authors: Sanon Anselme , Traoré Isidore T. , Berthé Abdramane , Millogo Adjara , Tassembedo Souleymane , Konaté Blahima , Konaté Issouf , Wenceslas Bazié Wilfrid , Guire Daniel , Sawadogo Ramatou , Vuylsteke Béa , Guedou Fernand , Méda Nicolas , Nagot Nicolas , Alary Michel
Published: June 2023

Introduction : Dans le monde et en Afrique, les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec d’autres hommes (HSH) peuvent jouer un grand rôle dans la riposte au virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH). Pourtant, au Burkina Faso, la lutte contre le VIH chez les HSH semble limitée par la violence subie par cette population. But de l’étude : L’objectif de cette étude était d’identifier les obstacles sociaux à la riposte au VIH chez les HSH au Burkina Faso. Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude exploratoire, descriptive avec une approche qualitative. Elle s’est déroulée dans les deux plus grandes villes et deux villes frontalières du Burkina Faso. Des données ont été collectées auprès de partenaires techniques et financiers, structures centrales de coordination et structures de coordination des associations de lutte contre le VIH, et auprès d’HSH. Elles ont fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique. Résultats : Sur le plan structurel, l’homosexualité faisait l’objet de condamnations publiques de la part des hommes politiques. Certains cherchaient à criminaliser cette pratique qui, selon eux, est « venue d’ailleurs » et est « contraire aux mœurs ». Les autorités politiques et administratives et les forces de sécurité ne protégeaient pas les HSH contre les violences homophobes. Sur le plan communautaire, de nombreux leaders religieux condamnaient l’homosexualité, considérée comme un péché et qu’ils percevaient comme une pratique « abominable ». Les HSH déclaraient être victimes de violence homophobe. Conclusions : Les HSH subissent la violence aussi bien de la part des institutions de l’État que des populations. Afin que les activités de riposte au VIH touchent les HSH, ces obstacles doivent être levés.
LGBTQIA+ et Planning familial : la question des minorisé·e·s en raison de leur sexe ou de leur genre dans une association féministe pour le droit à la santé sexuelle
Authors: Porée Lydie , Bouët Élie , Coutin Charly , Joséphine Élio
Published: June 2023

Historiquement mobilisé pour faciliter l’accès à la contraception et à l’avortement des femmes, le Planning familial est une association féministe et d’éducation populaire dont les combats pour l’accès de tou·te·s à la santé sexuelle se sont progressivement étendus aux minorités sexuelles et de genre. Aujourd’hui, une majorité des associations départementales qui composent le mouvement mènent des actions avec et pour les personnes LGBTQIA+ (inclusion de la thématique dans les séances d’éducation à la sexualité, permanences d’accueil, groupes de parole, consultations médicales…), la plupart du temps en collaboration avec les associations locales de personnes concernées. Si le féminisme et l’expérience du Planning familial sont des atouts, son positionnement inclusif et le fait qu’il ne soit pas une association communautaire peuvent être des défis, voire des freins.
Santé sexuelle et discriminations croisées chez les hommes afro-latino-caribéens ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes à Bruxelles
Authors: Gérard Émilie , Gemaye Kouadio Trésors , Kalengayi Mbowa Raphaël , Martin Thierry
Published: June 2023

Introduction : Le point de départ de notre article est le constat que les hommes d’origine afro-latino-caribéenne ayant des rapports sexuels avec d’autres hommes (HSH) ne sont pas atteints par les programmes de promotion de santé sexuelle destinés aux HSH, ni par ceux à destination des publics afro-latino-caribéens. Ils semblent en effet se trouver dans un angle mort des programmes de prévention pensés par public clef. But de l’étude : L’objectif de notre article est de comprendre les vulnérabilités de ce public et les effets de son invisibilité et des discriminations croisées (homophobie, racisme…) dont il est victime dans la prise en charge de sa santé sexuelle afin de proposer des pistes d’amélioration des programmes de prévention à l’égard de ce public. Résultats : Notre étude a permis de relever un ensemble de vulnérabilités vécues par les HSH afro-latino-caribéens et l’impact des discriminations intersectionnelles sur la prise en charge de leur santé sexuelle. Nous avons également démontré l’invisibilité dont souffrent ces publics et leur demande d’être reconnus dans toutes leurs spécificités, via notamment la création de lieux où ils se sentent en sécurité et qui leur seraient entièrement dédiés. Conclusions : Ce projet nous a permis de mettre en évidence l’importance, pour les publics minoritaires, d’être visibilisés et de faire reconnaître leurs spécificités dans les programmes de promotion de la santé sexuelle. Cela est encore plus important lorsque ceux-ci sont victimes de discriminations multiples. Il a aussi montré l’importance de mettre en place des actions qui favorisent l’ empowerment des publics fragilisés.
Le 190 a treize ans : l’expérience du premier centre de santé sexuelle français
Authors: Jedrzejewski Thibaut , Gosset Daniel , Lasry Stéphane , Gazalet Philippe , Wormser Laurent , L’Yavanc Thomas , Moreau Emmanuel , Bonhomme Philippe , Palich Romain , Fremondière Marc , Grellier Julien , Dubois Alexandre , Pierre Nadège , Tihu Alexandre , Ohayon Michel
Published: June 2023

Le 190 est un centre de santé sexuelle parisien créé en 2010. Son objectif initial est de faire baisser localement l’épidémie de VIH/sida chez les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec d’autres hommes (HSH) via un accompagnement pluridisciplinaire et ancré dans la réalité de la sexualité et de la vie affective des HSH séropositifs et séronégatifs. Du fait d’une préoccupation constante pour la santé globale gay et de son caractère communautaire, son activité s’est diversifiée et lui a permis d’être précurseur à la fois dans le soin et les parcours de soin, sous le double aspect médical et réglementaire. La santé mentale et les complications du chemsex prennent une place de plus en plus importante dans la demande de soin et l’accompagnement s’est adapté et perfectionné avec les patients. Aujourd’hui considéré comme un modèle par de nombreux acteurs communautaires et soignants, Le 190 fête ses treize ans, l’occasion de partager son expérience et de réaffirmer son intérêt démontré pour la santé publique et le soin universel. Les innovations majeures du centre ainsi que les limites et difficultés qu’il a pu rencontrer permettront de mieux appréhender la santé communautaire sur le terrain et plus particulièrement la santé communautaire gay.
Business Demands of Accounting Students
Authors: Manzi Frank , Martinelli Mark
Published: June 2023

This chapter is an overview of the many gaps accounting students demonstrate as they enter the business world. The gaps to be explored can be separated into two overall categories: technology (these gaps will be referred to in this chapter in a summary fashion as they will be addressed in detail in another chapter) and soft skills, which comprise several gaps that are centered in many ways around communication and management skills. Business demands for accounting graduates go beyond technical skills as they are viewed as future business leaders.
The Strategies of 3D Modelling in the QS Profession
Authors: Soon Lam Tatt , Goh Hsien Shien , Lim Tze Shwan , Leong Boon Tik , Hong W. T. , Kam Kenn Jhun
Published: June 2023

The adoption of 3D modelling in construction has contributed many benefits to the industry, yet some of the construction players are still either unfamiliar with the software or not utilizing the software to its fullest potential. The objectives of this research are to determine the challenges faced in 3D modelling software, to postulate the solutions based on the identified challenges in 3D modelling software, and to investigate the strategies of 3D modelling in the QS profession. A qualitative method of research will be carried out to acquire the data and opinions from the quantity surveyors in the construction sector. Based on the findings, financial issues are the most significant challenges on 3D modelling, whereas training for construction staff and enforcement from the government is the most impactful solution and strategy. This study can boost the construction players' confidence in integrating 3D modelling in the construction industry. It also brings higher efficiency in daily operations and helps to improve the productivity of workers.
Student Acceptance of Using Apps to Achieve Learning Outcomes in Architecture and Environment
Authors: Gunasagaran Sujatavani , Mari TamilSalvi , Wahab Nik Syazwan Shawn Nik Ab. , Sulaiman Azim , Jamal Khairool Aizat Ahmad
Published: June 2023

The use of mobile apps for learning is not common in learning of technical modules in architecture, but studies have been advocated to learn its potential two decades ago. E-learning has supplemented traditional learning in Malaysian Universities since 2004. The Covid-19 pandemic forced education to be conducted virtually. Lecturers with knowledge of blended learning were able to switch to virtual learning but had challenges. The challenge of this module is access to environmental lab and data loggers that would need travelling and sharing of devices. Apps for measuring weather data led to minor adjustment in teaching and learning without altering the learning outcome. The students' perception of learning was captured in a survey with 114 responses. The result evidenced that students had a good learning experience by reporting high mean value for all the items. All Pearson's Correlation values showed positive with moderate to very high correlation between the factors. Post-pandemic teaching and learning in universities need to explore the potential of m-learning.
Technologically Advanced Classrooms by Customising Blogs (TACblog) Amongst Architectural Design Students for Spotlight and Publication
Authors: Aziz Salmiah , Nasir Siti Nuratirah Che Mohd , Mustapa Nor Diyana , Hanafi Nik Nurul Hana , Razali Noorul Huda Mohd , Maharimi Mohammed Fadzli
Published: June 2023

The advancement of new technologies into our daily lives has resulted in a significant increase in the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in education in recent years. The research objectives were to identify the possibility of blogging amongst architectural design students for the future of schooling (blended-learning) and to formulate the best practice of ICTs knowledge management practice through blended-learning for the architectural design students. The data collected through reviewing the literature by other authors (secondary sources) on the subject of digitalisation, digital construction, and digital education. The research could significantly affect the future of education in producing young tech-savvy generations in terms of technologically advanced classrooms; new option of blogging platform for the architectural design students to practice design communication through e-learning known as TACblog as a digital education formulation.
Work-Based Learning as a Catalyst for Sustainability
Authors: Mari TamilSalvi , Ng Veronica , Gunasagaran Sujatavani , Kuppusamy Sivaraman
Published: June 2023

This research examines architecture graduates' perceptions of their proficiency in 21st-century skills. A quantitative methodology was employed for this study. The data was obtained through a structured questionnaire, which 141 architecture graduates completed. The online survey assessed the graduates' 21st-century skills. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. The findings show that the graduates' level of proficiency in 21st-century skills is generally moderate, with information; media and technology skills; and life and career skills being the most prominent. The graduates rated their learning and innovation skills the highest (M=3.76), followed by moderate scores for both life and career skills (M=3.60) and information, media, and technology skills (M= 3.04). The study adds to the existing literature on 21st-century skills by providing a student perspective on the topic, which has not been widely explored in published research.
The Impact of TikTok on the Viralization of the Entertainment Industry
Authors: Felício Luísa Pinto , Peres Paula
Published: June 2023

The entertainment industry in the digital age is characterized by new technologies as well as a culture embedded in a context of new habits, particularly practiced by Generation Z. These factors result in the emergence of applications such as TikTok and Netflix. TikTok is an indispensable marketing tool and a social media characterized by the rapid viralization of content. The application stands out as a space for creativity and entertainment, where movies and series gain popularity, including content from the streaming platform Netflix. Thus, the impact of the social network in promoting entertainment will be further explored. This chapter synthesizes literature from the past decades to give readers insight into technologies such as streaming and VOD, Netflix's business model, the concept of fandom, and the social media marketing practiced by TikTok. Theory, research, and implications for a better understanding of TikTok's impact on the entertainment industry are outlined.
New Social Movements and Digital Activism
Authors: Toruk İbrahim , Sarı Gülşah , Nazlı Rengim Sine
Published: June 2023

The use of digital has shifted to a different format, especially with the prominence of interaction with Web 2.0-based social networking sites that developed after internet technology. These environments, which provide users with a platform independent of time and space, have transformed daily and professional life practices, and public spaces have been replaced by virtual communities. Historically, social movements based on class struggle have also been affected by this change. Although the use of media tools in social movements dates back to the 18th century, individuals can easily reach people who think like themselves and organize quickly through social media. Although digital activism, which is one of the trends of digital technology prevailing in the 21st century, has been exposed to criticism such as clicktivism, it has also become an effective force in the political arenas. In this study, changing social movements on the axis of digital technologies will be discussed in general terms to digital activism.
The Emerging Psychological Problem of the Digitalized World
Authors: Volkan Eliz , Çıvgın Umut
Published: June 2023

This chapter mainly aims to shed light on a rather overlooked phenomenon of pathological Internet use (PIU). Due to the rise of the technology, the global internet usage is almost inevitable, yet although it has many benefits, the dependency towards the internet usage (where it is specific or general) is an alarming psychological condition, especially for young adults and adolescents. The disorder and its related problems as well as treatment and intervention options that are evidence-based are reported. The results of treatment-outcome studies underlying the positive effects of CBT for PIU are presented. The necessity of more literature in the related field and the need for an official diagnosis for better understanding of etiology and treatment of PIU is underlined.
Health Impacts of Internet Gaming Addiction
Authors: Özkan Seçil , Özkan Enis Taha
Published: June 2023

The frequency of internet gaming addiction varies between 1-15% in the world. There are some demographic factors, psychosocial factors, and game-related factors in the etiology of gaming addiction. In demographic factors, male gender, adolescent age group, separation of parents, high income, and being a student are seen as risks. Psychosocial factors include low social cohesion, aggressive behavior, anxiety or depression, low academic performance, attention problems, low life satisfaction, problems in family / friend relationships, and low self-esteem. Internet gaming addiction has many health effects, physiological, psychological, and social problems. In addition to determining the diagnostic criteria for gaming addiction, there is a need for national and international studies that will guide protection and intervention efforts, especially for at-risk youth. As a result of these studies, effective and effective evidence-based public health intervention programs should be developed.
I Am Online; Therefore, I Am!
Authors: Çelik Nuriye
Published: June 2023

The digitalization of data has profoundly affected every aspect of our lives: how we communicate and socialize, how we work, learn, and participate in politics and the economy. Digital sociology is concerned with all these new social fields. Digital obesity, which is overconsuming digital information, is a disease of the postmodern individual. Therefore, living in a digital society is a form of communication and membership in a virtual society in the postmodern era. New forms of sociality have been created as a result of this connection. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the literature on digital obesity, to sociologically explain digital obesity, and to shed light on the situation in Turkey. To categorize digital obesity in Turkey, the number of followers on Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter will be reviewed and, to demonstrate the interest areas in Turkey, Twitter trending topics, Google, and YouTube trends will be examined for thirty days. This data was obtained from the Boomsocial website, and the Maxqda analysis program will be used to create the images.
A Hybrid Artificial Intelligence-Based System for Supporting Eco-Industrialization of Complex Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Abadi Chaimae , Manssouri Imad , Abadi Mohammed , Abadi Asmae , Sahbi Hassane
Published: June 2023

Since the industrialization phase is one of the main phases of the product development cycle, an original hybrid flexible automated system is developed in this paper in order to support production eco-processes designers’ decision making. It is based on three different artificial intelligence tools, namely the fuzzy Ontologies, the cases based reasoning and the rules based reasoning, which have been integrated in one system. Actually, the proposed system is composed of different modules that are well described in details thereafter. In the end of this paper, a case of study is presented in order to illustrate the efficacy of the developed intelligent system.
Optimization of Energy Consumption of a Synthetic Ammonia Process
Authors: Ibezim Favour C. , Olateju Idowu I. , Giwa Abdulwahab
Published: June 2023

Ammonia can be produced from a wide range of raw materials such as coal, natural gas, coke and oil. Coal gasification is a process that converts biomass or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous materials into CO, H2 and CO2. A cryogenic air separation process was used to obtain oxygen from air because of high purity and high amount of oxygen, which will be used for coal gasification. For an ammonia synthesis process using pure oxygen gasification, the energy consumption of cryogenic air separation occupies a large proportion. The aim is to reduce energy consumed in the ammonia plant. The models of the process were developed with the aid of Aspen Plus. The energy consumption of the different processes was obtained through energy analysis, economic analysis and sensitivity analysis. From the three simulations, it can be seen that Simulation 3 produced oxygen with the highest purity of 0.979. From the energy analysis, the energy consumed on the total utilities in Simulation 1 was 5.626×1010 BTU/h with an energy savings of 1.55%, the energy consumed in Simulation 2 was 5.286×1010 BTU/h with an energy savings of 1.53% while the energy consumed on the total utilities in Simulation 3 was 1.425×109 BTU/h with an energy savings of 74.90%. Simulation 3 consumed the least energy. The economic analysis showed the total cost of each plant for a 10-year duration. Simulation 1 had a total operating cost of 42.083 billion USD/year, Simulation 2 had a total operating cost of 41.9615 billion USD/year and Simulation 3 had a total operating cost of 918.841 million USD/year. Therefore, Simulation 3 consumed the least cost of total operation. It can also be seen that the higher the energy consumption in a plant, the higher the total cost of the plant as Simulation 3 consumed the least energy, which justified that. Simulation 3 is the air separation plant that optimises the energy consumption, thereby reducing the energy consumed in the whole ammonia plant.
Experimental and Numerical Studies of Viscoelastic Behavior of Bituminous Mixture with a High Rate of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Dune Sand and Lime
Authors: Borcheni Ilhem , Kraiem Tesnim , Mondher Neifar , Neji Jamel
Published: June 2023

Road construction is now a priority in the economic and social development policy of a country. The increased need to improve the infrastructure system and to counter the deficit in certain quarry gravels and non-renewable resources while saving increasingly expensive road investments, makes recourse to the use of abundant and inexpensive materials in order to reduce the use of non-renewable natural materials. The objective of this research is to predict the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt mixtures incorporating high Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) content, allowing to reduce the consumption of new aggregates and bituminous binders, and other additives such as dune sand and lime. A new formula containing 3,7% of 35/50 penetration grade virgin bitumen, 40% of Reclaimed Asphalt, 10% of dune sand, and 1% of hydrate lime was tested and compared to the conventional formula containing 5,3% of the same virgin bitumen. To evaluate the impact of dune sand and lime addition on the mechanical behavior of bituminous mixtures containing high rates of RAP, complex modulus tests were conducted on the studied mixtures, at different temperatures and frequencies, using a two-point bending device that was developed at the National School of Engineers of Tunis. Their viscoelastic properties were determined using a Generalized Maxwell model which was calibrated by 2S2P1D model. The paper describes a three-dimensional Finite Element (FE) model developed using ABAQUS software, that is used to simulate 2-point bending tests on trapezoidal samples of the studied mixtures to determine their complex modulus and accurately predict their mechanical behavior under traffic loading at ranges of temperatures and frequencies that are not experimentally accessible. To validate the FE model, determined viscoelastic properties have then been introduced into through the Prony series and its outputs were validated by experimental measurements. Both experimental and numerical results show that the use of RAP, dune sand and lime greatly improves the rigidity of the mix at high temperatures. A suggested continuation of this work would be an investigation of the rutting resistance.
Scrutinization of Solar Thermal Energy and Variable Thermophysical Properties Effects on Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Flow
Authors: Obalalu Adebowale Martins , Olayemi Olalekan Adebayo , Olakunle Salawu Sulyman , Bode Odetunde Christopher
Published: June 2023

Nanofluids generate high values of convection heat transfer coefficients, low specific heat, and density, which improve the solar thermal energy performance by making it work effectively. By utilizing nanotechnology and solar thermal radiation, the modern world is moving in the direction of new technologies. Therefore, this research is communicated to explore the significance of solar thermal energy, variable properties on non-Newtonian nanofluid flow. However, to exemplify the fluid transport features of the Casson nanofluid (CF), the Buongiorno nanofluid model was utilized. Also, the Lie-group technique is used in the framework to develop similarity variables that will be used to reduce the number of independent variables in partial differential equations (PDEs) and is solved numerically by using the weighted residual Galerkin method (WRGM). The graphical findings revealed that when the variable viscosity parameter is increased, the fluid temperature decreases, while the presence of the solar radiation parameter has the opposite impact. Additionally, when the non-Newtonian parameter approaches infinity, the Casson fluid obeys the viscosity law. The report of this study will be of benefit to thermal and chemical engineering for nanotechnology advancement. KEYWORD: Solar Thermal Energy, Nanofluids, Non-Newtonian, weighted residual Galerkin method (WRGM).
Has COVID-19 lowered physical activity practice while boosting online searches for professional exercise information?
Authors: Doro Márcio Roberto , de Araújo Iago Portolani , Santana Jeferson Oliveira , Doro João Gabriel Oliveira , João Priscila Teixeira , Das Virgens Leonardo Cesar , Júnior Francisco Luciano Pontes , Caperuto Érico , Portella Daniel Leite
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 is an infectious and contagious disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Due to the rapid spreading of the virus and its lethal consequences, the WHO declared a pandemic. One of the main strategies to treat and prevent the spreading was the stay home safe, a social isolation situation that was accompanied by the closing of fitness gyms, city parks and facilities proper to exercise. This context promoted an increase in home fitness programs and in the search for information online regarding exercise and health. So, the objective of this study was to understand the effects of the pandemic on physical activity behavior and online information search regarding exercise programs. Data collection was through a google forms questionnaire, all procedures were approved by the University ethics committee and we collected data from 1065 participants. Our results showed that the participants main behavior was maintained, 80.7% of our sample were active before the pandemic and only 9.7% of this group stopped being active. On the other hand we registered 7% of participants that started exercise after the pandemic installation. Information about exercise was searched outside social media by 49.6% of the participants with 32.5% using social media. 56.1% would look only for professional advice, interestingly 11.4% of the participants were active without any kind of advice. We concluded that Covid-19 pandemic installation affected negatively the population physical activity behavior and increased awareness about the importance of exercise as a health strategy.
Anti-Mycobacterial Arthritis Activity of Heliotropium zeylanicum by Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Rodents Model
Authors: Krishnakumar Vaithilingam , Pandiyan Rajesh , Velu Rajesh Kannan
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent and debilitating disease that affects the joints. The study was intended to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of aerial parts of Heliotropium zeylanicum (EEHZ). EEHZ constituting phytoconstituents to treat adjuvant induced arthritic rats to minimize the side effects.

Materials and Methods:

The anti-arthritic activity study was carried out by using adjuvant induced model of Wistar albino strain rats. EEHZ was injected at different doses such as 100 and 300 mg/kg/i.p., and the study was compared with standard drug dexamethazone (5 g/kg). The results obtained from the above methods were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:

The study was conducted various hematological parameters and histopathological sections were carried out. The plant has various phytoconstituents such as reducing sugars, saponins, starch, steroids and terpenoids. Significantly one among those phytoconstituent lessens to oedema and arthritis of the rodents. The EEHZ showed the maximum inhibitory activity at (300 mg/kg/i.p.) by dose dependent manner. These inhibitions were statistically significant (P < 0.01-0.001).

Conclusion:

From these results indicate that EEHZ is a bioactive agent and having significant results in anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic action by inhibition of the exudation, and leukocytes recruitment into the inflamed tissues and bone regeneration calcium deposition.
Analytical Evidence of Social Epidemiology in Sociobiological Context – A Narrative Review
Authors: Krishnaprakash G. , Mohammed Imran Pasha , Shenoy Rekha P.
Published: June 2023

Social epidemiology is a relatively newer field of epidemiology that evaluates the socioeconomic distribution and determinants of health and disease and how those factors affect the health of individuals and populations. The explanation of the causal relationships between socioeconomic circumstances, health status, and consequences is a key challenge in social epidemiology. The current study was conducted to analyze the key substantive areas of focus in epidemiology in the sociobiological context. Data were collected electronically using databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and three authorized textbooks to conduct relevant searches. Since the beginning of the history of public health, the relationship between socioeconomic class and health has been a significant study area. The impact which social factors have on both individual and population health is the central and initial question that needs to be addressed in social epidemiology. The recent attention given to this issue using modern epidemiological techniques is a relatively new phenomenon. Social epidemiology’s primary goal is to produce fundamental knowledge. Social epidemiology must be necessarily multimethod, interdisciplinary, and broad due to its subject of research.
Conservative management versus ventilation tube insertion in children with otitis media with effusion accompanying cleft palate
Authors: Wafae Mohamed M. , Abdelkadr Hussein M. , Alazeem Bahaa E.E. Abd
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim:

Otitis media with effusion (OME) usually affects ∼92–97% of children experiencing cleft palate during their first year. The wide incidence of OME in cleft palate has largely been owing to dysfunction of the Eustachian tube.

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the outcome of ventilation tube insertion versus conservative management in patients with cleft palate complaining of hearing affection.

Patients and methods:

This is a prospective cohort study carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Luxor International Hospital at Luxor in the period from May 2019 to May 2020. A total of 20 children with cleft palate having OME were chosen. Overall, 10 patients were subjected to ventilation tube insertion after repair, and 10 patients were subjected to conservative management. Complete investigations were done including tympanometry and hearing assessment by audiometry or Auditory Brain stem Response Test (ABR). All cases were followed up by tympanometry before and after repair and after 3 months of repair.

Results:

According to our study, there was a statistically significance relationship between hearing improvement and ventilation tube insertion after 3 months of repair measured by tympanometry, where 60% of the patients transformed to type B tympanometry but only 40% still had type A tympanogram (P=0.006). There was a statistically significance relationship between hearing improvement and ventilation tube insertion after 3 months of repair measured by audiogram, where it was better in group B, where mean±SD was 26±12.6 (P=0.007).

Conclusion:

Equated with conservative management, Ventilation tube insertion (VTI) is beneficial to hearing recovery. There is a belief that the early VTI at the time of palatoplasty surgery is beneficial; however, there is insignificant evidence indicating the best timing for VTI.
Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) and deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) are predictive biomarkers for Gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy in resected pancreatic cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Elsherif Abdelhalim A. , Kodama Yuzo , Uza Norimitsu , Hussein Mohammed S. , Elhawary Mostafa
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim

Pancreatic cancer is reported to be one of the cancer-related deaths all over the world. Gemcitabine has been identified as one of the important therapies of malignant diseases. Gemcitabine cellular uptake is allowed by the transporter protein, human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1). Gemcitabine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) to its active metabolites intracellularly. This study aimed to determine retrospectively the correlation between hENT1 and dCK expression by immunohistochemistry and the overall survival outcome in pancreatic cancer patients who underwent resection and received gemcitabine chemotherapy postoperatively.

Materials and methods

The immunohistochemical analysis was accomplished on samples from 140 patients, who underwent pancreatic cancer resection and was treated by gemcitabine. Immunostaining was done by two expert pathologists and both are blind to patient’s characteristics. The intensity of staining of the tumor determines the scoring for hENT1 and dCK.

Results

Of the 140 tissue samples, 73 (52.1%) had detectable hENT1 cell membrane immunostaining and 67 samples (47.8%) without detectable hENT1. Patients who showed no significant hENT1 immunostaining had a median survival of 6 months, while patients who showed significant hENT1 staining had a median survival longer by 17 months. Of the 140 tissue samples, 52 (37.1%) had detectable dCK cytoplasmic immunostaining and 88 samples (62.9%) without detectable dCK. Patients who showed no significant dCK immunostaining had a median survival of 6.57 months, while patients who showed significant dCK staining had a median survival longer by 19 months.

Conclusion

In patients who received gemcitabine after pancreatic resection, a high expression of hENT1 and dCK are significantly correlated with a longer survival. In addition, in patients who underwent pancreatic cancer resection, immunohistochemical analysis of hENT1 and dCK are considered significant predictive markers to choose patients responding to gemcitabine therapy.
Spontaneous and rapid resolution of acute subdural hematoma in a 5-year-old child: A case report
Authors: Punia Prashant , Chugh Ashish , Gotecha Sarang , Chhabra Shobhit
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Subdural hematoma (SDH) following trauma is a common neurosurgical emergency but rapid and spontaneous resolution of the same is a rare phenomenon. Authors report a case of 5-year-old female child in whom spontaneous and rapid resolution of acute SDH was observed. The hematoma spontaneously resolved over a period of only 5 h. Only a handful of case reports exist on this phenomenon and various causes for rapid resolution have been reported to be dilution by cerebrospinal fluid and redistribution of hematoma. A hypodensity inside the hematoma along with improvement in neurological condition of the patient can point to the correct diagnosis. This case report is useful in making the neurosurgeon cognizant of this entity and make timely informed decisions based on radiology and clinical examination. Being forewarned is being forearmed.
Histopathological Correlations of Serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) and Tumor Grade among Prostate Cancer Patients in Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Abubakar Sarki , Umar Ali Bala , Mohammed Aminu Zakari , Abdulsalam Kabiru
Published: June 2023

Context:

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men of black extraction afflicting mostly the elderly with attendant morbidity and mortality. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the most widely used tumor marker for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. Patients with raised PSA above 4ng/dl need further evaluation by needle biopsy, and those with cancer are graded using Gleason's score for appropriate prognostication.

Aims:

The study was aimed at establishing a correlation between PSA level and Gleason's tumor grade among patients with prostate cancer.

Settings and Design:

This is a prospective study of prostatic needle biopsies and serum PSA of prostate cancer patients over a period of 1 year.

Materials and Methods:

Venous blood samples for serum PSA were taken and analyzed in the laboratory using an automated in vitro immunoassay analyzer. Patients with raised PSA values (>4 ng/ml) were counseled and consented for trans-rectal needle biopsies and sampled using an 18-gauge biopsy needle; tissue samples were routinely processed and reviewed.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical analysis was performed by means of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 21.

Results:

The mean age of patients at presentation was 69 years with a range of 50 to 90 years and mean serum PSA of 78.8ng/dl. The dominant Gleason's scores were 7 and 8 with grade group 5 as the most predominant. There was however no significant correlation between serum PSA and tumor grade.

Conclusions:

Prostatic adenocarcinoma is associated with raised PSA, but tumor grade has no statistical correlation with PSA in patients seen at AKTH, Kano.