bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviews and syntheses: 210Pb-derived sediment and carbon accumulation rates in vegetated coastal ecosystems – setting the record straight
Authors: Arias-Ortiz Ariane , Masqué Pere , Garcia-Orellana Jordi , Serrano Oscar , Mazarrasa Inés , Marbà Núria , Lovelock Catherine E. , Lavery Paul S. , Duarte Carlos M.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Vegetated coastal ecosystems, including tidal marshes, mangroves and seagrass meadows,
are being increasingly assessed in terms of their potential for carbon
dioxide sequestration worldwide. However, there is a paucity of studies that
have effectively estimated the accumulation rates of sediment organic carbon
(Corg), also termed blue carbon, beyond the mere quantification
of Corg stocks. Here, we discuss the use of the 210Pb
dating technique to determine the rate of Corg accumulation in
these habitats. We review the most widely used 210Pb dating models
to assess their limitations in these ecosystems, often composed of
heterogeneous sediments with varying inputs of organic material, that are
disturbed by natural and anthropogenic processes resulting in sediment mixing
and changes in sedimentation rates or erosion. Through a range of
simulations, we consider the most relevant processes that impact the
210Pb records in vegetated coastal ecosystems and evaluate how
anomalies in 210Pb specific activity profiles affect sediment and
Corg accumulation rates. Our results show that the discrepancy in
sediment and derived Corg accumulation rates between anomalous
and ideal 210Pb profiles is within 20 % if the process causing
such anomalies is well understood. While these discrepancies might be
acceptable for the determination of mean sediment and Corg
accumulation rates over the last century, they may not always provide a
reliable geochronology or historical reconstruction. Reliable estimates of
Corg accumulation rates might be difficult at sites with slow
sedimentation, intense mixing and/or that are affected by multiple
sedimentary processes. Additional tracers or geochemical, ecological or
historical data need to be used to validate the 210Pb-derived
results. The framework provided in this study can be instrumental in reducing
the uncertainties associated with estimates of Corg accumulation
rates in vegetated coastal sediments.
Global, Satellite-Driven Estimates of Heterotrophic Respiration
Authors: Konings Alexandra G. , Bloom A. Anthony , Liu Junjie , Parazoo Nicholas C. , Schimel David S. , Bowman Kevin W.
Published: November 2018

Abstract. While heterotrophic respiration (Rh) makes up about a quarter of gross global terrestrial carbon fluxes, it remains among the least observed carbon fluxes, particularly outside the mid-latitudes. In situ measurements collected in the Soil Respiration Database (SRDB) number only a few hundred worldwide. Similarly, only a single data-driven wall-to-wall estimate of annual average heterotrophic respiration exists, based on bottom-up upscaling of SRDB measurements using an assumed functional form to account for climate variability. In this study, we exploit recent advances in remote sensing of terrestrial carbon fluxes to estimate global variations in heterotrophic respiration in a top-down fashion at monthly temporal resolution and 4 x 5° spatial resolution. We combine net ecosystem productivity estimates from atmospheric inversions of the NASA Carbon Monitoring System- Flux (CMS-Flux) with an optimally-scaled gross primary productivity dataset based on satellite-observed solar-induced fluorescence variations to estimate total ecosystem respiration as a residual of the terrestrial carbon balance. The ecosystem respiration is then separated into autotrophic and heterotrophic components based on a spatially-varying carbon use efficiency retrieved in a model-data fusion framework (the CARbon DAta MOdel fraMework, CARDAMOM). The resulting dataset is independent of any assumptions about how heterotrophic respiration responds to climate or substrate variations. It estimates an annual average global average heterotrophic respiration flux of 43.6 ± 19.3 Pg C/yr. These top-down estimates are compared to bottom-up estimates of annual heterotrophic respiration, with new uncertainty estimates that partially account for sampling and model errors. Top-down heterotrophic respiration estimates are higher than those from bottom-up upscaling everywhere except at high latitudes, and are 30 % greater overall (43.6 Pg C/yr vs. 33.4 Pg C/yr). The uncertainty ranges of both methods are comparable, except poleward of 45 degrees North, where bottom-up uncertainties are greater. The ratio of top-down heterotrophic to total ecosystem respiration varies seasonally by as much as 0.6 depending on season and climate, illustrating the importance of studying the drivers of autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration separately, and thus the importance of data-driven estimates of Rh such as those estimated here.
Mapping the vegetation of the Lake Tana basin, Ethiopia, using Google Earth images
Authors: Song Chuangye , Nigatu Lisanework , Beneye Yibrah , Abdulahi Abdurezak , Zhang Lin , Wu Dongxiu
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The basin of Lake Tana is one of the most important watersheds
in the Nile Basin. It is of great significance to the economy and politics of
Ethiopia. In the past, the natural vegetation of the Lake Tana basin was
heavily damaged to facilitate the continued expansion of cropland. Vegetation
must be conserved and restored to protect the natural environment and
maintain the biodiversity of the Lake Tana basin. In this research, we mapped
the vegetation of the Lake Tana basin through visual interpretation using
high-spatial-resolution images provided by Google Earth and field survey data
to provide detailed information of the actual vegetation state for planning
conservation and restoration. A total of 33 171 polygons were generated to
represent the vegetation patches of the Lake Tana basin on the map, and the
validation using surveyed vegetation plots indicated that 90 % of the
patches were correctly identified. The DOI of the dataset used for map
production is https://doi.org/10.4121/uuid:48d45053-36f6-411b-96b1-7ae0e22d56d0. We
expect that this vegetation map could benefit vegetation conservation and
restoration in the Lake Tana basin.
A 40-year global data set of visible-channel remote-sensing reflectances and coccolithophore bloom occurrence derived from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer catalogue
Authors: Loveday Benjamin Roger , Smyth Timothy
Published: November 2018

Abstract. A consistently calibrated 40-year-long data set of visible-channel
remote-sensing reflectance has been derived from the Advanced Very High
Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor global time series. The data set uses as
its source the Pathfinder Atmospheres – Extended (PATMOS-x) v5.3 Climate
Data Record for top-of-atmosphere (TOA) visible-channel reflectances. This paper describes
the theoretical basis for the atmospheric correction procedure and its
subsequent implementation, including the necessary ancillary data files used
and quality flags applied, in order to determine remote-sensing reflectance.
The resulting data set is produced at daily, and archived at monthly,
resolution, on a 0.1∘×0.1∘ grid at
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.892175. The primary aim of deriving this data set is to
highlight regions of the global ocean affected by highly reflective blooms of
the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (where lith concentration >2–5×104 mL−1) over the past 40 years.
Saharan dust events in the European Alps: role on snowmelt and geochemical characterization
Authors: Di Mauro Biagio , Garzonio Roberto , Rossini Micol , Filippa Gianluca , Pogliotti Paolo , Galvagno Marta , Morra di Cella Umberto , Migliavacca Mirco , Baccolo Giovanni , Clemenza Massimiliano , Delmonte Barbara , Maggi Valter , Dumont Marie , Tuzet François , Lafaysse Matthieu , Morin Samuel , Cremonese Edoardo , Colombo Roberto
Published: November 2018

Abstract. The input of mineral dust from arid regions impacts snow optical properties. The induced albedo reduction generally alters the melting dynamics of the snowpack, resulting in earlier snowmelt. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of dust depositions on the melting dynamics of snowpack in a high-altitude site (2160 m) in the European Alps (Torgnon, Aosta Valley, Italy) during three hydrological years (2013–2016). These years were characterized by several Saharan dust events that deposited significant amounts of mineral dust in the European Alps. We quantify the shortening of snow season due to dust deposition, by comparing observed snow depths and those simulated with the Crocus model accounting or not for the impact of impurities. The model was ran and tested using meteorological data from an Automated Weather Station. We propose the use of repeated digital images for tracking dust deposition and resurfacing in the snowpack. The good agreement between model prediction and digital images allowed us to propose the use of an RGB index (i.e. snow darkening index, SDI) for monitoring dust on snow using images from a digital camera. We also present a geochemical characterization of dust reaching the Alpine chain during spring in 2014. Elements found in dust were classified as a function of their origin and compared with Saharan sources. A strong enrichment in Fe was observed in snow containing Saharan dust. In our case study, impurities deposited in snow anticipated the disappearance of snow up to 38 days for the 2015/2016 season that was characterized by a strong dust deposition event, out of a total 7 months of typical snow persistence. During the other seasons considered here (2013/2014, and 2014/2015), the advancement in snow melt-out day was 18 and 11 days respectively. We conclude that the effect of the Saharan dust is to anticipate the snow melt-out dates, that is known to have a series of feedback effects: earlier snowmelt can propagate into altered hydrological cycle in the Alps, higher sensitivity to late summer drought, impact on vegetation phenology and carbon uptakes from the atmosphere.
La parte y el todo. Estudios sobre la visión en dos cuadros de Jan Vermeer
Authors: Chateau Cantillana Pierre F.
Published: November 2018

En base al análisis en conjunto de dos pinturas de Jan Vermeer, examinando sus elementos compositivos y los objetos que representan, junto con la utilización de bibliografía académica sobre el pintor y el arte holandés del siglo XVII, se propone un estudio sobre los problemas que estos cuadros plantean al observador y las relaciones que pueden establecerse entre este, el pintor, y la imagen, entre las partes y el todo. Nuestra propuesta es que Vermeer muestra que la pintura construida en base a la perspectiva es tan ilusionista y manipulada como la visión del mundo que tenemos en los mapas, cartas y globos, todos representados en los cuadros analizados, donde el pintor parece ser uno de los primeros en darse cuenta que estos son una distorsión del mundo y no su representación, Esta autoconciencia del propio quehacer que encontramos en Vermeer produce que el tema de estos dos cuadros, analizados en conjunto, sea nuestra propia visión y sus problemas cuando se enfrenta a distintos dispositivos visuales.
Cystotheca kusanoi comb. nov.: a redescription with new morphological observations
Authors: Cho Sung-Eun , Takamatsu Susumu , Lee Sang Hyun , Shin Hyeon-Dong
Published: November 2018

Conspecific Korean and Japanese powdery mildew specimens (including the type of Sphaerotheca kusanoi) on Quercus spp. previously identified as Cystotheca lanestris have been revealed as morphologically and phylogenetically distinct from North American C. lanestris
specimens. The Asian specimens are confirmed as a separate species under the new combination Cystotheca kusanoi. Cystotheca kusanoi lacks distinct fibrosin bodies, even in fresh conidia and conidiophores. A key to Cystotheca spp. is provided.
First records of Hydnobolites and Pachyphlodes species from Turkey
Authors: Uzun Yasin , Kaya Abdullah
Published: November 2018

The genera Hydnobolites and Pachyphlodes (Pezizaceae) are recorded from Turkey for the first time, based on collections of Hydnobolites cerebriformis, Pachyphlodes citrina, and P. conglomerata. Brief descriptions and photographs of the species are
provided.
Saksenamyces kamalii gen. & sp. nov., from India
Authors: Surywanshi Jaishri , Rai Akhila Nand , Singh Paras Nath
Published: November 2018

A new genus and species, Saksenamyces kamalii, is described and illustrated. The fungus is characterized by undifferentiated conidiophores and monoblastic, bulbous conidiogenous cells that bear obclavate, whip like, rostrate, multiseptate, brown conidia.
Mucor irregularis, a first record for South America
Authors: Lima Diogo Xavier , Souza Carlos A.F. de , Oliveira Rafael J.V. de , Bezerra José Luiz , Santiago André L.C.M. de Azevedo , Souza-Motta Cristina Maria de
Published: November 2018

During a survey on the diversity of Mucorales in areas of Atlantic Forest and Caatinga (semiarid) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, two specimens of Mucor irregularis were isolated from soil and the roots of Sorghum bicolor. Their identity was confirmed by morphophysiology
and ITS rDNA sequence analysis. The specimens are described and illustrated. This is the first record of M. irregularis in South America.
An integrative review on patient inflicted violence among mental health nurses
Authors: Alshammari Mohammed Hamdan
Published: November 2018

Workplace violence can be in the form of aggression, harassment or simply physical infliction of harm towards nurses. It can arise from many sources but primarily they are patient inflicted violence in different forms. It can be a physical violence, emotional or a combination of both. Incidence of violence towards health care professionals is a recognized global public health issue. Previous studies have already suggested that health care professionals, particularly nurses, have a higher risk of experiencing workplace violence than other professionals. This integrative review looked into the violence where patients are the primary source, as well as the types and impact of violence amongst psychiatric mental health nurses happening worldwide. Further, it looked into the nurses’ road to recovery from the experience of violence and what hospitals and facilities are advocating in stopping these events or at least minimizing the frequency of such acts. Published studies considered in this review found that nurses’ experienced physical pain, fear, anxiety, frustration, distress, resentment, apathy, job dissatisfaction and anger following the violent incident. Nurses after their exposure to a series of violence from their patients’ experience dramatic changes in their well-being.
Comparing Standard Versus Extended Culture Duration in Acute Hip and Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Klement Mitchell R. , Cunningham Daniel J. , Wooster Benjamin M. , Wellman Samuel S. , Bolognesi Michael P. , Green Cynthia L. , Garrigues Grant E.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of hip and knee arthroplasties. Surgical cultures are essential for the diagnosis and treatment of PJI. Yet, the ideal culture duration remains unclear. This study compares culture yield, organism profile, and treatment success between standard (5 days) and extended (14 days) cultures in acute hip and knee PJI.

Methods:

A retrospective review of medical records was completed between 2006 and 2015. All patients with an acute PJI meeting the modified International Consensus Meeting on PJI criteria of a primary hip or knee arthroplasty were included. All patients underwent irrigation and débridement with exchange of modular bearing surfaces for an acute postoperative or acute hematogenous infection. A standard growth cohort (before February 2012) was compared with an extended growth cohort (after February 2012) to determine if differences existed in culture yield and treatment success using the Delphi consensus criteria.

Results:

One hundred eighty-nine patients were analyzed, including 102 (54.0%) standard duration and 87 (46.0%) extended duration cohorts. Patient cohorts were closely matched, except more hip PJIs than knee PJIs were included in the standard cohort (69.6% versus 49.4%; P = 0.005). No differences between standard and extended cohorts were observed with regard to overall culture yield, monomicrobial growth, or polymicrobial growth. Propionibacterium acnes was identified more often in the extended cohort (5 versus 0 patients; P = 0.019). However, four of these patients had only one positive P acnes culture and grew additional organisms. Finally, no difference in treatment success between the standard and extended cohorts at the final follow-up was found (53% versus 52%; P = 0.282).

Conclusion:

Extended culture duration in acute hip and knee PJIs did not change the rate of culture-negative PJI, identify more patients with polymicrobial PJI, or improve the success of surgical treatment. The only difference was a higher incidence of P acnes growth, but contaminants or indolent chronic PJI cannot be excluded. Although extended culture growth may be indicated in acute shoulder arthroplasty PJI, its utility in hip or knee arthroplasty may be limited. Higher-level studies will be needed to address this in the future.
Investigating Classroom Interaction: Teacher and Learner Participation
Authors: Siddig Babikir Eltigani , AlKhoudary Yahya Ashour
Published: November 2018

This study on teacher and learner interaction was carried out with the sole purpose of understanding the collaborative behavior and the impact of different individuals on classroom environment. The study further analyzed the suitable methods of improving and maintaining a good learning environment. The administration of the questionnaire is the best method apart from observation and interviews among other approaches to effectively analyze learning in the classroom.The research further observed the impact of communication, behavior, and attitude in the learning environment (Fraser, 2012). This study also observed how the teacher can influence the student’s career directly or indirectly based on the mode of conducting their teaching practices in a classroom environment. Also, the model of classroom interaction formulated is comprehensive of interrelated factors such as effects of a foreign language on learning, outer contexts surrounding classroom, learning materials, and learning objectives.
The Absurd Consciousness of Those Lying in a Health Care System About to Collapse
Authors: Zambrano Kendy Madero , Aragón Shirley Fernández , Rubio Moraima Del toro , Puerta Zorayda Barrios , Anay Yolima Manrique , Vallejo Arias Sandra L
Published: November 2018

INTRODUCTION: The healthcare sector crisis is a reality affecting countries all over the world. In order to mitigate it, different cost-effective measures, such as promotion of health and disease prevention, have been implemented. However, several variables may limit these measures, among which are patients’ responsibilities. Objectives: In this study patient behavior (disease knowledge and self-care practices) as a determinant factors in the healthcare system crisis was analyzed in a group of hypertensive patients.

METHODS: This was a descriptive correlational cross-sectional study in which 185 patients diagnosed with high blood pressure attending the high blood pressure program at three different primary health care locations in Cartagena, Colombia 2017. A questionnaire, structured into three components: 1) sociodemographic characteristics, 2) disease knowledge, and 3) self-care practices and lifestyle, was administered to participating individuals. The Analysis of the information was made in SPSS version 22.

RESULTS: The average hypertensive disease knowledge was high (60.5%). Self-care practices were rated as mediocre (73.5%) or poor (24.3%). A significant correlation establishing that with increased level of disease knowledge, self-care practices improve by 11.5% (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Patient behavior constitutes a determinant factor in the health care system crisis, since although hypertensive patients possess good disease knowledge, they do not put it into practice, constituting an absurd attitude taking into account that it’s related to their wellbeing, and it turns into an attack on a health care system that is about to collapse.
2018/22 What is a collective agreement? Part two (DK)
Authors: Clasen Christian K.
Published: November 2018

2018/22 What is a collective agreement? Part two (DK)

The Danish Supreme Court has upheld the decision from the Danish Eastern High Court (reported in EELC 2017/26) on the implementation of the Working Time Directive to the effect that an ‘intervention act’ can be deemed to be a collective agreement within the meaning of Article 18 of the Working Time Directive.
2018/30 Harmonising terms of employment following a transfer is no simple matter (NL)
Authors: Sripal Shamy
Published: November 2018

2018/30 Harmonising terms of employment following a transfer is no simple matter (NL)

The transferee in this case attempted to replace the transferred employees’ salaries with lower in accordance with its collective agreement, compensating for the reduction by means of a ‘personal allowance’, which it then proceeded to reduce by a set percentage based on the age of the employees each time there was a wage increase. The court held that this ‘basket comparison’ method of harmonising the wages of old and new staff was at odds with Directive 2001/23, rejecting the transferee’s argument that the ‘ETO’ provision in that directive permits such an amendment of the terms of employment.
2018/34 Stand-by time must be interpreted in the light of ECJ case law (RO)
Authors: Suciu Andreea
Published: November 2018

2018/34 Stand-by time must be interpreted in the light of ECJ case law (RO)

The Supreme Court has ruled that it is at the discretion of the competent national court to assess whether periods of stand-by time are working time. In doing so, the court should apply Romanian law as interpreted in the light of ECJ case law.
Picknick mit den Paschas
Authors: Ade Mafalda
Published: November 2018

Aleppo war lange das drittgrößte Handelszentrum des Osmanischen Reiches. In der ersten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts wurden zudem vermehrt europäische Händler in der Stadt ansässig, so die aus Böhmen stammende Familie Poche. In etwa der gleichen Zeit wurden eine Reihe von gesellschaftlichen, politischen und rechtlichen Reformen (Tanzimat) im Osmanischen Reich eingeleitet, unter denen die Übernahme eines säkularen Handelsrecht und die Errichtung von gemischten Handelsgerichten zu den frühesten zählten. Händler wie die Poches, deren Privatarchiv in Aleppo heute einen einzigartigen Einblick in die Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte jener Epoche ermöglicht, waren die ersten Nutznießer dieser neuen Instanzen, doch zeigt sich in ihrem Umgang mit Schuldnern, Geschäftspartnern, europäischen Diplomaten und osmanischen Beamten wie sehr ihr geschäftlicher Erfolg noch weiterhin von persönlichen Netzwerken, Ernennungen zu Honorarkonsulatsposten und Wegen der inoffiziellen Konfliktresolution abhing. Picknick mit den Paschas zeichnet anhand von osmanischen Verwaltungsdokumenten, französischen Archivquellen und vor allem der Poches eigenen Handels- und Privatkorrespondenz den Werdegang einer levantinischen Handelsfirma am Scheideweg mehrerer historischer Welten nach, zwischen traditioneller Provinzaristokratie und moderner Staatselite, zwischen östlichem Mittelmeer und osmanischem Hinterland, und zwischen oraler und schriftlicher Rechtskultur.
Geodemography of the Saint Petersburg Suburbs
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Degusarova V. S. , Martynov V. L. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Sazonova I. E. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Published: November 2018

In this article, we analyse the structure and the development dynamics of the Saint Petersburg suburbs — home to over 1.6 million people. To this end, we employ statistical, historical, and empirical research methods and carry out a comparative analysis. Geodemographic studies should take into account not only demographic data but also the characteristics of the settlement system. Such studies are particularly important for suburbs. Russian social geography pays little attention to suburban studies, although such territories have become an independent object of research in international geographical science. The Saint Petersburg suburbs are of special interest from the perspective of geodemography, which is explained by the significant size of the area — a result of the territory’s historical development. The formation of the settlement system of the Saint Petersburg suburbs started with the foundation of the city, and continues to this day. Today, their spatial structure is shaped by the current administrative border between Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad region — a product of the territory’s development in the Soviet period of Russia’s history. The lengthy process of border formation has given it a peculiar character. The most vibrant and attractive areas of the suburbs are located at a distance of 14—32 km from the centre of Saint Petersburg, between the isochrones of forty- and ninety-minute transport accessibility. Lying at a distance of approximately 60 km from the city centre, the two-hour travel time band marks the border of both the commuter zone and the Saint Petersburg agglomeration. A new settlement system is emerging within the suburban area of Saint Petersburg — the most economically, demographically, and socially vibrant territory of Russia’s North-West.
Population Change in the Neighbouring Regions of Russia and the European Union States
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kuznetsova T. Yu.
Published: November 2018

In this article, I carry out a comparative analysis of population change in the bordering regions of Russia and the European Union. Peripheries of their countries, most of these regions enjoy a more or less favourable demographic situation, which, however, differs from place to place. To attain the aims of the study, I analyse official data from Russian and EU statistical offices and map the results obtained. I identify significant differences between border regions and cities. The most adverse demographic situation is observed in the borderlands of the Baltics, a slightly better one in Poland and Finland. As to Russia’s border regions, a population increase is characteristic of Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions. Yet, a number of cities in the immediate vicinity of the border face a population decline. The demographic situation could be improved by more active transboundary collaborations and by the border serving increasingly as a contact area rather than a barrier.
Contacts with Diasporas and Diaspora Organisations as a Key to a Successful Migrant Integration Policy in the EU
Authors:   Central European University, Molodikova I. N. , Lyalina A. V. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Emelyanova L. L. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: November 2018

We analyse European Commission and European Parliament documents — directives, communications, conclusions, recommendations — and best practices for EU member states’ international projects focusing on migrant integration in both the EU states and the countries of origin. Special emphasis is placed on the role of diasporas and the efforts taken by the EU to involve them in the integration process. We stress the need for a new supranational EU immigration and integration policy, in view of new migration trends and the so-called migrant crisis. The study shows that the EU integration policy is directed towards both migrants and host countries and the countries of origin. Since the early 2010s, the involvement of various diaspora organisations in the implementation of the EU migrant integration policy has significantly increased. An analysis of completed projects shows that diasporas have a potential of becoming a key actor in the EU integration policy. We suggest expanding the list of the objectives of the national integration policy of the EU countries. This may be achieved by boosting efforts to reduce the gap in the socio-economic development of the host countries and the countries of origin, particularly, by promoting multilateral cooperation with diaspora organisations.
The Chinese Diaspora in the EU Countries
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sluka N. A. , Korobkov A. V. ,   Middle Tennessee State University, Ivanov P. N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: November 2018

This article is a further contribution to the discourse of ethnic ‘diffusion’ in European countries. The debate started on the pages of the Baltic Region journal by three authors — Yu. N. Gladky, I. Yu. Gladky, and K. Yu. Eidemiller [4]. We assume that Europe has been a major centre of attraction for immigrants in recent decades and a site for the rapid emergence of ethnic communities. Unlike Muslim immigration, a product of the Arab Spring and often a measure of last resort, Chinese immigration is a result of a certain convergence between the ideologies of the host countries, committed to multiculturalism, and the country of origin pursuing a ‘go global’ policy. We chose the EU countries as a ‘demonstration site’ and the Chinese diaspora as the object of research. Our aim is to describe the process of migration from China and the formation of a Chinese diaspora in European countries. We analyse the timeline and the scope of Chinese immigration, qualitative changes in the composition of immigrants, factors affecting the choice of the country of entry, and the quantitative parameters and settlement patterns of today’s Chinese diaspora in the region. We suggest grouping the EU Countries by the number and ‘age’ of their Chinese diasporas. We consider ethnic ‘diffusion’ as part of the ‘European project’ within Beijing’s global strategy.
Evaluating and Measuring the Security of Russia’s Border Regions: Theory and Practice
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Voloshenko E. V. , Voloshenko K. Yu. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: November 2018

The economic security of Russia’s regions has been the focus of numerous studies. Significant contributions have been made to relevant methodological approaches and measurement tools. However, economic security has been little studied in the context of border regions. In this article, we address the methodological problems of employing existing methods and models for measuring the economic security of border regions. We pay special attention to the development of an evaluation algorithm incorporating the border regions’ characteristics, the identification of groups (classes), a set of universal, specific, and special indicators as well as the impact of protective measures on economic security. To justify our proposals, we analyse the economic security of the Kaliningrad region; it is a study based on an evaluation of protective measures in the regional agricultural industry and of the effect of different factors on the generation of value added in the sector. We emphasise the need to take into account regional conditions when assessing economic security and to introduce economic and mathematical calculations into the relevant measurement algorithm at its different stages. We use our findings in providing a rationale for the central principles and procedures for creating a comprehensive model of the economic security of Russia’s western border regions.
Demographic Situation and Demographic Security in the Regions of Russia’s Western Borderlands
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Fedorov G. M.
Published: November 2018

In this study, I address the vast and complicated problem of population replacement in Russia’s border regions. Although both national and regional demographic indicators have improved in Russia in recent years, many issues relating to sub-replacement fertility, irrational migration, etc. remain unresolved. This lends an urgency to studying regional demographic security, namely, the problems of ensuring replacement fertility, regulating migrations, and overcoming a skewed age and sex structure. I provide a detailed definition of the notion of demographic security and a list of indicators for evaluating it. I stress typological differences in the demographic situation across Russia’s western borderlands to ensure a differentiated approach to providing regional demographic security. In this study, I use economic- statistical methods, a comparative analysis, and an empirical typology of regions based on the above indicators. In terms of theory, the findings obtained can contribute to a more detailed definition of demographic security and a better methodology of regional population studies. In practical terms, the study has relevance to the development of proposals for improving national and regional demographic policy and regional strategic planning given the identified typological differences.
Open Praxis vol. 10 issue 3
Authors: Gil-Jaurena (ed.), various authors Inés
Published: November 2018

This third Open Praxis issue in 2018 includes seven research papers and one book review
En quête de légitimité : la gestion du changement organisationnel comme processus de légitimation
Authors: BARBAROUX Pierre , GAUTIER Anaïs
Published: November 2018

A partir d’une étude de cas portant sur le déploiement d’une nouvelle unité au sein des forces aériennes canadiennes, cet article explore la gestion du changement organisationnel comme processus de légitimation. Les résultats de l’étude montrent, d’une part, que la gestion du changement repose sur quatre stratégies de légitimation : la mise à l’épreuve de la nouvelle unité, la formation des acteurs, la modification des règles de gestion et l’élargissement de son périmètre d’activités; d’autre part, leur articulation définit un processus de légitimation composé de quatre phases : la construction, la pérennisation, l’approfondissement et le développement de la légitimité.
Les PME : un contexte pertinent pour l’étude des leviers de la création de valeur partagée
Authors: GAUTIER Arnaud , BADEA Anca , BERGER-DOUCE Sandrine
Published: November 2018

Porter et Kramer (2006, 2011) proposent avec le concept de création de valeur partagée de mettre en cohérence la stratégie des entreprises avec leurs démarches de responsabilité sociétale (RSE). Toutefois, Porter et Kramer semblent avoir élaboré leur concept pour les grandes organisations. Cette étude basée sur une enquête réalisée auprès de 488 dirigeants de PME françaises propose de tester la validité des leviers de la création de valeur partagée dans un contexte PME : (1) la participation à un cluster local, (2) la reconception des produits/services et des marchés, (3) la redéfinition de la chaîne de valeur.
Sano, funcional y «bien entendido». Un regionalismo nacional para la reforma política ante la cuestión catalana (1973–1977)
Authors: Geniola Andrea
Published: November 2018

Los recientes estudios en torno a la dimensión regional del Régimen franquista están abriendo nuevos espacios de reflexión, bien sobre la dinámica y caracterización del régimen, bien sobre la interpretación global de los fenómenos nacionales, como es el papel y la evolución de ese nacionalismo regionalizado durante la crisis final del Régimen y los inicios de la Transición. El presente estudio analiza el discurso que acompañó a la acción político-institucional del reformismo franquista en Cataluña, fundamentado en un regionalismo moderadamente favorable a la descentralización, que fue definiéndose como un factor de legitimación de las élites ante la opinión pública. A partir de los éxitos y fracasos de ese intento puede medirse el alcance de una parte del proceso de cambio de régimen en Cataluña.
Twisted tale of the tiger: the case of inappropriate data and deficient science
Authors: Qureshi Qamar , Gopal Rajesh , Jhala Yadvendradev V
Published: November 2018

Publications in reputed peer reviewed journals are often looked upon as tenets on which future scientific thought is built. Sometimes published information can be flawed and errors in published research should be expediently reported, preferably by a peer review process. We review a recent publication by Gopalaswamy et al (2015) that challenges the use of double sampling in large scale wildlife surveys. Double sampling is often resorted to as an established economical approach for large scale surveys since it calibrates abundance indices against absolute abundance, thereby elegantly addressing the statistical shortfalls of indices. Empirical data used by Goplaswamy et al. (2015) to validate their theoretical model, relate to tiger sign and tiger abundance referred to as an Index Calibration experiment (IC-Karanth). These data on tiger abundance and signs should be paired in time and space to qualify as a calibration experiment for double sampling, but original data of IC-Karanth show lags of several years. One crucial data point used in the paper does not match the original source. We show that by use of inappropriate and incorrect data collected through a faulty experimental design, wrong parameterisation of their theoretical model, and cherry-picked estimates from literature on detection probability, the inferences of this paper are highly suspect. We highlight how the results of Goplaswamy et al. (2015) were further distorted in popular media. If left unaddressed, Gopalaswamy et al. paper could have serious implications on design of large scale studies by propagating unscientific inferences.
Bioinformatics software for genomic: a systematic review on GitHub
Authors: Hidalgo Suarez Carlos Giovanny , Guevara Burbano Miguel Eduardo , Bucheli Guerrero Victor Andres , Moreno Tovar Pedro Antonio
Published: November 2018

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops software methods and tools to understand biological data. Actually, in branches such as genomics, there are a large number of software tools that serve to support different processes such as genetic data sequencing, genomes, biotechnological applications, among other activities, which contribute knowledge to different fields of study such as environment, medicine, energy and others. As a support to the area of genomics and specifically to the field of genomics, we describe and propose a method based on mining software repositories (MSR), which monitors, evaluates and maps the genomic software hosted in the GitHub. We use the VigHub tool to extract meta-data from projects and create visualizations on technological maps. We present a detailed systematic review of the genomic software projects on GitHub, where the highlights of the genomics area are shown. Specifically we show the technological maps of the programming languages most used in the creation of software. The Time-line, where software projects are displayed by category, relevance and programming languages as a function of time. Classification of the repositories by software categories and the most successful genomic software repositories in GitHub according to stars and score. This paper is aimed at bioinformatics researchers that require relevant information about the current state of a specific genomic technology found in GitHub. The method facilitates the identification of ideas, source code, specific data, platforms, applications, scrips and tools that support research and innovation in genomic software projects. The analysis provided in this paper allowed to identify software trends in the area, as well as new perspectives and future technologies.
Targeted degradation of BRD9 reverses oncogenic gene expression in synovial sarcoma
Authors: Brien Gerard L , Remillard David , Shi Junwei , Hemming Matthew L , Chabon Jonathon , Wynne Kieran , Dillon Eugène T , Cagney Gerard , Van Mierlo Guido , Baltissen Marijke P , Vermeulen Michiel , Qi Jun , Fröhling Stefan , Gray Nathanael S , Bradner James E , Vakoc Christopher R , Armstrong Scott A
Published: November 2018

Synovial sarcoma tumours contain a characteristic fusion protein, SS18-SSX, which drives disease development. Targeting oncogenic fusion proteins presents an attractive therapeutic opportunity. However, SS18-SSX has proven intractable for therapeutic intervention. Using a domain-focused CRISPR screen we identified the bromodomain of BRD9 as a critical functional dependency in synovial sarcoma. BRD9 is a component of SS18-SSX containing BAF complexes in synovial sarcoma cells; and integration of BRD9 into these complexes is critical for cell growth. Moreover BRD9 and SS18-SSX co-localize extensively on the synovial sarcoma genome. Remarkably, synovial sarcoma cells are highly sensitive to a novel small molecule degrader of BRD9, while other sarcoma subtypes are unaffected. Degradation of BRD9 induces downregulation of oncogenic transcriptional programs and inhibits tumour progression in vivo. We demonstrate that BRD9 supports oncogenic mechanisms underlying the SS18-SSX fusion in synovial sarcoma and highlight targeted degradation of BRD9 as a potential therapeutic opportunity in this disease.
Ecological divergence of burying beetles into the forest canopy
Authors: Wettlaufer Jillian D. , Burke Kevin W. , Schizkoske Adam , Beresford David V. , Martin Paul R.
Published: November 2018

Closely related species with overlapping geographic ranges encounter a significant challenge: they share many ecological traits and preferences but must partition resources to coexist. In Ontario, potentially eleven species of carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) live together and require vertebrate carrion for reproduction. Their reliance on an ephemeral and uncommon resource that is unpredictable in space and time is thought to create intense intra- and interspecific competition. Evidence suggests that burying beetle species reduce competition by partitioning carrion for breeding across different habitats, temperatures, and seasons. Here, we test predictions of an alternative axis for partitioning carrion: vertical partitioning between the ground and forest canopy. We conducted a survey of carrion beetles from May to July 2016 at the Queen’s University Biological Station across 50 randomly generated points using baited lethal traps at zero and six metres. Ground traps yielded more species and individuals compared to those in the canopy, and the number of individuals and species caught increased through the season in both trap types. Ground and canopy traps were accurately distinguished by the presence or absence of three species: ground traps contained moreNicrophorus orbicollisandNecrophila americana, while canopy traps contained moreNicrophorus pustulatus. We trapped 253N. pustulatusin the canopy, but only 60 on the ground.N. pustulatusis thought to be rare across its geographic range, but our results suggest it is uniquely common in canopy habitats, demonstrating a vertical partitioning of habitat and resources. Our results are consistent withN. pustulatushaving diverged into canopy habitats as a strategy to coexist with closely related sympatric species when competing for similar resources. We still, however, do not know the traits that allowN. pustulatusto flourish in the canopy, exactly howN. pustulatususes canopy resources for breeding, or the factors that restrict the expansion of other burying beetles into this habitat.
A taxonomic reassessment of Piramys auffenbergi, a neglected turtle from the late Miocene of Piram Island, Gujarat, India
Authors: Ferreira Gabriel S. , Bandyopadhyay Saswati , Joyce Walter G.
Published: November 2018

Background

Piramys auffenbergi was described as an emydine turtle based on a well-preserved skull retrieved from late Miocene deposits exposed on Piram Island, India. The description and figures provided in the original publication are vague and do not support assignment to Emydinae. This taxon has mostly been ignored by subsequent authors.

Material and Methods

We reexamine the holotype specimen, provide an extensive description and diagnosis for Piramys auffenbergi, and include this taxon in a global character-taxon matrix for Pleurodira.

Results

The presence of a processus trochlearis pterygoidei conclusively shows pleurodiran affinities for Piramys auffenbergi. Inclusion of this taxon in a phylogenetic analysis retrieves it within Stereogenyini closely related to the Asian taxa Shweboemys pilgrimi and Brontochelys gaffneyi.

Discussion

Our reexamination of the holotype of Piramys auffenbergi confidently rejects the original assessment of this taxon as an emydine testudinoid and conclusively shows affinities with the pleurodiran clade Stereogenyini instead. Even though most taxa from this lineage are thought to be coastal turtles, all Asian stereogenyines were collected from continental deposits, suggesting a more diverse paleoecology for the group.
Effects of sex and joint action on voluntary activation
Authors: Ema Ryoichi , Suzuki Momoka , Kawaguchi Emi , Saito Itaru , Akagi Ryota
Published: November 2018

The current study tested the hypothesis that voluntary activation during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) conditionally depends on sex and joint action. Twenty-eight healthy adults (14 of each sex) performed knee extensor MVC and plantar flexor MVC at extended and flexed knee positions. Voluntary activation during MVC was assessed using a twitch interpolation technique. The voluntary activation during plantar flexor MVC at the extended knee position was significantly lower (P = 0.020, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 14.6, Cohen’s d for between-subject design = 0.94) in women (88.3% ± 10.0%) than in men (96.2% ± 6.6%). In contrast, no significant sex differences were shown in the voluntary activation during knee extensor MVC (93.7% ± 5.9% (women) vs. 95.0%  ± 3.9% (men)) and during plantar flexor MVC at the flexed knee position (90.4% ± 12.2% (women) vs. 96.8% ± 5.6% (men)). The voluntary activation during knee extensor MVC was significantly higher (P = 0.001, 95% confidence interval 2.1 to 8.8, Cohen’s d for within-subject design = 0.69) than that during plantar flexor MVC at the extended knee position in women, whereas the corresponding difference was not observed in men. The results revealed that the existence of sex difference in the voluntary activation during MVC depends on joint action and joint angle.
Magic and Medicine in Ancient Mesopotamia
Authors: Panayotov Strahil V.
Published: November 2018

Evaluation of a volume of English renderings of Akkadian-language texts con- cerning treatment of illness in ancient Assyria and Babylonia.
Reign of Tudhaliya II and Šuppiluliuma I: The Contribution of the Hittite Documentation to a Reconstruction of the Amarna Age. By Boaz Stavi
Authors: Bilgin Tayfun
Published: November 2018

The Reign of Tudhaliya II and Šuppiluliuma I: The Contribution of the Hittite Documentation to a Reconstruction of the Amarna Age. By Boaz Stavi. Texte der Hethiter, vol. 31. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2015. Pp. xviii + 236. €45 (paper).
Canaanite Scribes in the Amarna Letters. By Juan-Pablo Vita
Authors: Baranowski Krzysztof J.
Published: November 2018

Canaanite Scribes in the Amarna Letters. By Juan-Pablo Vita. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, vol. 406. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2015. Pp. xii + 179, 78 plates. €97.
Theory and Practice of Knowledge Transfer: Studies in School Education in the Ancient Near East and Beyond. Edited by W. S. van Egmond and W. H. van Soldt
Authors: Dassow Eva van
Published: November 2018

Theory and Practice of Knowledge Transfer: Studies in School Education in the Ancient Near East and Beyond. Edited by W. S. van Egmond and W. H. van Soldt. Publications de l’Institut histo- rique-archéologique néerlandais de Stamboul, vol. 121. Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het NabiJe Oosten, 2012. Pp. 111 + 152. €36.04 (paper).
Royal versus Divine Authority: 7th Symposium on Egyptian Royal Ideology. Edited by Filip Coppins; Jiří Janák; and Hana Vymazalová
Authors: Eaton Katherine
Published: November 2018

Royal versus Divine Authority: 7th Symposium on Egyptian Royal Ideology. Edited by Filip Coppins; Jiří Janák; and Hana Vymazalová. Königtum, Staat und Gesellschaft früher Hochkulturen, vol. 4,4. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2015. Pp. 358, illus. €84 (paper).