bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological characterizations of pancreatic islet cells v1
Authors: Hoshi Laboratory Toshinori
Published: August 2021

Hormone release from pancreatic cells, for example glucagon from α-cells and insulin from β-cells, is controlled by the cells’ membrane potentials (Vm), which are in turn finely controlled by multiple classes of ion channels, transporters, and pumps. The perforated whole-cell patch-clamp method represents a direct and well-established way to monitor Vm in individual cells and also to investigate ionic currents (Im) that contribute to determination of Vm. Here a step-by-step guide to obtain various patch-clamp measurements from pancreatic cells in isolated intact human islets is provided. The method requires a standard electrophysiological station and β escin is used as the perforating agent. Select exemplar current-clamp Vm results and voltage-clamp Im results are provide. The electrophysiological characteristics may be used to distinguish pancreatic cell types, for example α-cells vs. β-cells in real time.
Conexão do actígrafo no computador - ActTrust v2
Authors: Vartanian Daniel
Published: August 2021

Este protocolo faz parte do processo de coleta de dados actigráficos do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Sono (GIPSO). Ele foi desenhado para os actígrafos provenientes da companhia Condor Instruments. Algumas das configurações mencionadas podem ser específicas desses aparelhos. Se você não é membro ou parceiro do GIPSO, você pode utilizar este protocolo como referência para o processamento de seus equipamentos. Neste caso, por favor, não envie os formulários mencionados neste ou em outros protocolos relacionados ao processo. Se você utilizar os protocolos do GIPSO em sua pesquisa, por favor considere citá-los na seção de materiais e métodos de seu estudo. Nós nos esforçamos bastante para elaborar e manter protocolos de acesso aberto à comunidade científica. Você pode encontrar a citação deste protocolo na aba metadata. Consulte a aba Guidelines para visualizar o fluxograma do processo e os demais protocolos relacionados. Para dúvidas ou sugestões, entre em contato pelo e-mail gipso@usp.br.
Gradient PCR v1
Authors: not provided Ashwinuday
Published: August 2021

This protocol can be used to confirm genes or DNA of interest from a template using PCR. Also to amplify required amount of genes to larger amounts.
Coleta de dados actigráficos - ActTrust v3
Authors: Vartanian Daniel
Published: August 2021

Esta coleção reúne os protocolos do processo de coleta de dados actigráficos do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Sono (GIPSO). Esses protocolos foram desenhados para os actígrafos provenientes da companhia Condor Instruments. Algumas das configurações mencionadas podem ser específicas desses aparelhos. Se você não é membro ou parceiro do GIPSO, você pode utilizar esta coleção como referência para o processamento de seus equipamentos. Neste caso, por favor, não envie os formulários mencionados nos protocolos relacionados ao processo. Se você utilizar os protocolos do GIPSO em sua pesquisa, por favor considere citá-los na seção de materiais e métodos de sua estudo. Nós nos esforçamos bastante para elaborar e manter protocolos de acesso aberto à comunidade científica. Você pode encontrar a citação dos protocolos na aba metadata. Consulte a aba Guidelines para visualizar o fluxograma do processo como um todo. Para dúvidas ou sugestões, entre em contato pelo e-mail gipso@usp.br .
Microfluidics 6: PDMS Chip, Optical Quality Control and Flow Leakage Test v1
Authors: Sevli Serhat , C. Yunus Sahan not provided
Published: August 2021

Fabrication of microfluidic chips requires high quality and high resolution manufacturing techniques. After fabrication, the quality inspection is crucial and can be performed optically for visual parameters and flow application. If the sizes are well, chips are clean and intake, and flow is laminar without leakage, then everything is OK. This protocol describes the methods for testing of the chips fabricated in our laboratory.
Processamento de actígrafos pré-coleta - ActTrust v3
Authors: Vartanian Daniel
Published: August 2021

Este protocolo faz parte do processo de coleta de dados actigráficos do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Sono (GIPSO). Ele foi desenhado para os actígrafos provenientes da companhia Condor Instruments. Algumas das configurações mencionadas podem ser específicas desses aparelhos. Se você não é membro ou parceiro do GIPSO, você pode utilizar este protocolo como referência para o processamento de seus equipamentos. Neste caso, por favor, não envie os formulários mencionados neste ou em outros protocolos relacionados ao processo. Se você utilizar os protocolos do GIPSO em sua pesquisa, por favor considere citá-los na seção de materiais e métodos de seu estudo. Nós nos esforçamos bastante para elaborar e manter protocolos de acesso aberto à comunidade científica. Você pode encontrar a citação deste protocolo na aba metadata. Consulte a aba Guidelines para visualizar o fluxograma do processo e os demais protocolos relacionados. Para dúvidas ou sugestões, entre em contato pelo e-mail gipso@usp.br.
Tool wear condition monitoring in milling process based on data fusion enhanced long short-term memory network under different cutting conditions
Authors: Zheng Guoxiao , Sun Weifang , Zhang Hao , Zhou Yuqing , Gao Chen
Published: August 2021

Tool wear condition monitoring (TCM) is essential for milling process to ensure the machining quality, and the long short-term memory network (LSTM) is a good choice for predicting tool wear value. However, the robustness of LSTM- based method is poor when cutting
condition changes. A novel method based on data fusion enhanced LSTM is proposed to estimate tool wear value under different cutting conditions. Firstly, vibration time series signal collected from milling process are transformed to feature space through empirical mode
decomposition, variational mode decomposition and fourier synchro squeezed transform. And then few feature series are selected by neighborhood component analysis to reduce dimension of the signal features. Finally, these selected feature series are input to train the
bidirectional LSTM network and estimate tool wear value. Applications of the proposed method to milling TCM experiments demonstrate it outperforms significantly SVR- based and RNN- based methods under different cutting conditions.
LANDSCAPE AND RECREATIONAL FRAME OF RAILWAY STATION AREAS
Authors: Teryagova Alexandra Nikolaevna , Akhmedova Elena Aleksandrovna , Kuznetsov Ilya Vyacheslavovich
Published: August 2021

The article examines the problems that the station areas of the largest cities face in the process of their development. The article reveals such concepts as the landscape-recreational frame of the territory, its functions, the search for possible reserves for spatial development and improving the quality of the ecology of the environment. Natural and anthropogenic factors influencing the formation and operation of the frame elements are analyzed.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Tepung Sagu dan Tepung Udang Rebon terhadap Karakteristik Kimia dan Organoleptik Makaroni
Authors: Suparmi Suparmi , Sumarto Sumarto , Sari Nur Ira , Hidayat Taufik
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik dari makaroni tepung sagu yang difortifikasi dengan tepung udang rebon. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan  Rancangan Acak Lengkap, dengan perlakuan  tiga kombinasi antara tepung sagu dan tepung udang rebon yaitu MS0 (kontrol tanpa tepung udang rebon), MS1 (kombinasi 2:1) dan MS2 (kombinasi 1:1)  diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yamg diuji yaitu mutu  proksimat (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, dan kadar karbohidrat), daya serap air dan mutu organoleptik (rupa, tekstur, aroma, rasa). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pembuatan makaroni tepung sagu dengan penambahan tepung udang rebon berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai proksimat, daya serap air dan  nilai organoleptik. Perlakuan terbaik adalah MS1 (kombinasi 2:1) memiliki karakteristik rupa dengan warna kuning cerah, aroma tidak amis udang, tekstur padat tidak keras, dan rasa gurih. Nilai kadar protein (19,67%) air (6,98%), lemak (4,13%), abu (2,57%), dan karbohidrat (by different)  65,65%. Serta secara keseluruhan parameter makaroni tepung sagu dengan perlakuan penambahan 50% tepung udang rebon  memenuhi standar (SNI 01-3777-1995 No.45)
Charge Storage in Conductive Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides (MXenes)
Authors:   , Mathis Tyler S. , Gogotsi Yury , Pomerantseva Ekaterina
Published: August 2021

There is increasing interest in researching materials with nanoconfined electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage applications due to the interesting affects that confinement can have on ion transport, ion desolvation and insertion, or solvent co-intercalation into host materials. Since their discovery in 2011, the family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides known as MXenes have received significant attention for energy storage applications due to their tunable properties. The reactivity of their transition metal surfaces enables MXenes to store higher amounts of energy than all reported traditional double layer capacitor materials, and due to their unique chemical composition and layered structures MXenes can intercalate a wide variety of organic and inorganic cations. However, there are still improvements to be made in the charge storage capabilities of MXenes. This dissertation broadly aims to understand how the interactions between MXenes and the electrolytes confined within their 2D sheets affects electrochemical energy storage in MXenes. My work has shown that ion transport in the MXene Ti₃C₂ can be significantly improved, independent of electrode thickness, by orientational control of the flakes in a MXene electrode. Furthermore, it was found that electrolyte composition plays a major role in the storage of charge in Ti₃C₂ in organic electrolytes. By simply changing electrolyte solvents. the capacity of Ti₃C₂ was doubled. Finally, a new type of electrochemical process was discovered when Ti₃C₂ was tested in highly concentrated aqueous electrolytes. What was at first deemed "battery-like" faradaic charge storage, was found to be an electrochemical mechanism more akin to pseudocapactive intercalation via combined operando and in situ measurements. The results presented in this thesis offer unique insight into the use of MXenes as electrode materials to achieve simultaneous high-power, high-energy electrochemical energy storage systems.
Síndrome congestivo de calcáneo: A propósito de un caso
Authors: Rayo Pérez Ana María , Rodríguez Castillo Francisco Javier , Campos Torres Alberto Jesús
Published: August 2021

El síndrome congestivo de calcáneo o edema óseo es una patología poco frecuente dentro de la práctica podológica, aun así son algunos los casos que podemos detectar en ella. Es una alteración ósea a consecuencia de un traumatismo, lesiones degenerativas o procesos metabólicos, siendo el primero de ellos la causa más frecuente. Se caracteriza por un dolor agudo en la zona del talón, que se va generalizando con el tiempo, así como enrojecimiento y tumefacción de la zona. En estadios iniciales, se recomienda el uso de AINEs, o analgesia y en estadios más evolucionados el drenaje de la zona.
Molecular Identification of Root-knot Nematode Species (Meloidogyne spp.) on Lavandin of Isparta and Burdur Provinces in Turkey
Authors: GÖZE ÖZDEMİR Fatma Gül
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to identification and distribution Root-knot nematode species in lavender fields where Lavandin (Lavandula × intermedia Emeric ex Loisel. var. Super) was cultivated in an area of about 625 ha in Isparta and Burdur Provinces of Turkey. A total of 60 samples were collected in autumn of 2020. Root knot nematode species molecular identification was determined by species-specific primers from egg masses. The 17 samples taken from cultivated lavender fields were found to be infected with Root knot nematode. As a result of molecular identification, 12 of them were found to be Meloidogyne incognita, while 5 of them were found to be M. arenaria. This the first report of infestation of lavender by M. incognita in Turkey. It was determined that Keçiborlu district in Isparta Province where lavender is most cultivated was infected with Root-knot nematode. While 7 samples of M. incognita were detected in Keçiborlu district, 3 of them were M. arenaria.
Una experiencia guía de la investigación en la Maestría en Contabilidad
Authors:   Universidad Libre, Manrique Ramírez Faustina
Published: August 2021

Este documento ofrece una reflexión enfocada en el acto de investigar, en el que, antes del mundo de las cosas, está lo humano, la subjetividad, la conciencia, lo social, lo cultural, porque a partir del sujeto se construye la objetividad de las cosas y del mundo. El libro surge tras la experiencia, en los últimos cinco años, de escuchar y observar a los estudiantes de la Maestría en Contabilidad, que en su mayoría son contadores públicos y tienen temor cuando piensan en investigar. Ellos manifiestan su falta de experiencia en este campo, y por eso mismo encuentran obstáculos para desarrollar un trabajo de investigación. Este texto busca que los estudiantes, como contadores públicos, se den cuenta de que sus miedos son normales, que no son solo de ellos, y que el sistema educativo sigue todavía un modelo conductista y poco crítico. De este modo, se procura demostrarles que ellos hacen un esfuerzo por cambiar en este campo la historia en la Contaduría Pública, por medio de aportes disciplinares y transdisciplinares en los cuales presentan alternativas de solución a problemáticas concretas de la realidad. El resultado de este escrito es una guía de investigación fundamentada en la experiencia de orientar a contadores públicos para vivir la investigación y no aprender investigación.
Social media marketing influence on Boutique Hotel customers’ purchase intention in Malaysia
Authors:   School of Hospitality, Tourism & Events, Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor’s University, Malaysia, Garg Anshul , Kumar Jeetesh ,   School of Hospitality, Tourism and Events, Centre for Research and Innovation in Tourism (CRiT), Faculty of Social Sciences and Leisure Management, Taylor’s University, Malaysia
Published: August 2021

As of January 2020, global social media users have exceeded 3.8 billion, accounting for 49% of the world’s total population. Internet and social media have become an indispensable part of people’s daily lives worldwide. However, most previous research only focuses on social media marketing in other businesses, and there is less research about the development of boutique hotel social media marketing. This study investigates the relationship between different social media marketing practices and customers’ purchase intention in Malaysia’s boutique hotels. The article also explores how to properly conduct social media marketing to increase the customer purchase intention of boutique hotels and promote the boutique hotels’ development in Malaysia. The non-probability random sampling technique 309 response was collected from Malaysian social media users using an online survey. Findings of the research found out that factors including marketing activities and eWOM significantly impact customer purchase intention of the boutique hotels in Malaysia through the mediating variable perceived usefulness and the mediating variable perceived trust. The study offers implications for the development of social media marketing in boutique hotels.
Why Does COVID-19 Affect Some Cities More than Others?: Evidence from the First Year of the Pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Chauvin Juan Pablo
Published: August 2021

This paper investigates what explains the variation in impacts of COVID-19 across Brazilian cities. I assemble data from over 2,500 cities on COVID-19 cases and deaths, population mobility, and local policy responses. I study how these outcomes correlate with pre-pandemic local characteristics, drawing comparisons with existing US estimates when possible. As in the United States, the connections between city characteristics and outcomes in Brazil can evolve over time, with some early correlations fading as the pandemic entered a second wave. Population density is associated with greater local impact of the disease in both countries. However, in contrast to the United States, the pandemic in Brazil took a greater toll in cities with higher income levels consistent with the fact that higher incomes correlate with greater mobility in Brazil. Socioeconomic vulnerabilities, such as the presence of slums and high residential crowding, correlate with higher death rates per capita. Cities with such vulnerabilities in Brazil suffered higher COVID-19 death rates despite their residents' greater propensity to stay home. Policy responses do not appear to drive these connections.
Diagnóstico para fortalecer la supervisión del sistema de pensiones complementario de la Superintendencia del Mercado de Valores (SMV) y del Sistema de Ahorro y Capitalización de Pensiones de los Servidores Públicos (SIACAP) de Panamá
Authors: Robles Cordero Edgar , Guevara Conejo Andrea
Published: August 2021

Este tercer documento de la serie de buenas prácticas de la Red PLAC, titulado “Diagnóstico para fortalecer la supervisión del sistema de pensiones complementario de la Superintendencia del Mercado de Valores (SMV) y del Sistema de Capitalización de Pensiones de los Servidores Públicos (SIACAP) de Panamá”, presenta un modelo de supervisión basada en riesgos con el objetivo de contribuir a mejorar, fortalecer y optimizar la supervisión de los sistemas previsionales, con miras a implementarlo de forma efectiva en sus respectivos sistemas. Esto les permitirá a ambas autoridades regulatorias encargadas de velar por la reglamentación, supervisión y fiscalización del Sistema Previsional Complementario Voluntario y del Fondo de Ahorro y Capitalización de los Servidores Públicos identificar y dirigir el potencial de sus recursos hacia el fortalecimiento de las áreas de supervisión operativa, contable y financiera, incluyendo las áreas de supervisión in situ y extra situ.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 2, no. 8, septiembre 1975
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: August 2021

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Role of glycolysis in retinal vascular endothelium, glia, pigment epithelium, and photoreceptor cells and as therapeutic targets for related retinal diseases
Authors:   Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China, Yang Ting-Ting , Dong Li-Jie ,   Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
Published: August 2021

Glycolysis produces large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in a short time. The retinal vascular endothelium feeds itself primarily through aerobic glycolysis with less ATP. But when it generates new vessels, aerobic glycolysis provides rapid and abundant ATP support for angiogenesis, and thus inhibition of glycolysis in endothelial cells can be a target for the treatment of neovascularization. Aerobic glycolysis has a protective effect on Müller cells, and it can provide with a target for visual protection and maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier. Under physiological conditions, the mitochondria of RPE can use lactic acid produced by photoreceptor cells as an energy source to provide ATP for survival. In pathological conditions, because RPE cells avoid their oxidative damage by increasing glycolysis, a large number of glycolysis products accumulate, which in turn has a toxic effect on photoreceptor cells. This shows that stabilizing the function of RPE mitochondria may become a target for the treatment of diseases such as retinal degeneration. The decrease of aerobic glycolysis leads to the decline of photoreceptor cell function and impaired vision; therefore, aerobic glycolysis of stable photoreceptor cells provides a reliable target for delaying vision loss. It is of great significance to study the role of glycolysis in various retinal cells for the targeted treatment of ocular fundus diseases.
Evaluation of a new nomogram for Ferrara ring segment implantation in keratoconus
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology (Qvision), Vithas Virgen del Mar Hospital, Almería 04120, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, Torrecárdenas Hospital Complex, Almería 04009, Spain, Fernández Joaquín , Pérez-Rueda Antonio ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Torrecárdenas Hospital Complex, Almería 04009, Spain, Abdelkader Sidi Mohamed Hamida ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Torrecárdenas Hospital Complex, Almería 04009, Spain, Roig-Revert María José ,   Cornea and External Diseases Unit, FISABIO-Oftalmología Médica (FOM), Valencia 46015, Spain; Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain, Pinero David P. ,   Department of Optics, Pharmacology, and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Alicante 03690, Spain
Published: August 2021

AIM: To evaluate the short-term clinical outcomes of Ferrara rings in keratoconus using an optimized nomogram developed after several years of research and retrospective analysis of clinical data.
METHODS: This prospective longitudinal non-comparative clinical trial evaluated 88 eyes of 88 patients (age 18-62y) with keratoconus diagnosis from two Spanish centers. Ferrara ring segment (AJL Ophthalmic) implantation was performed in all cases, using the mechanical procedure in 25 eyes (28.4%) and a femtosecond laser-assisted procedure in 63 eyes (71.6%). The ring segments implanted in each case were selected using a new optimized nomogram that considered variables such as anterior corneal asphericity and astigmatism or the discrepancy among astigmatism and coma orientations. Visual, refractive, corneal topographic, aberrometric, and pachymetric changes after surgery were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up.
RESULTS: The implants induced a significant refractive change as well as an improvement in uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA; P<0.001). Postoperative CDVA of 0.10 logMAR or better was achieved in 28.4% and 46.5% of eyes, respectively. Two eyes (2.3%) lost two or more lines of CDVA whereas a total of 53.5% of eyes gained lines of CDVA. A significant central anterior and posterior corneal flattening was induced (P≤0.003), with a significant reduction of anterior (P<0.001) and posterior corneal astigmatisms (P=0.048), and a change in anterior asphericity (P<0.001). Total primary coma (6 mm pupil) change was also statistically significant (preoperative 3.66±3.04 µm vs postoperative 2.33±2.26 µm, P<0.001). No significant differences were found in the effect of ring segments between cases implanted using the mechanical and femtosecond techniques (P≥0.101).
CONCLUSION: The implantation of Ferrara rings based on the nomogram evaluated is safe and effective for promoting a visual rehabilitation in keratoconus, with a relevant control of primary coma aberration.
Anterior segment OCT application in quantifying posterior capsule opacification severity with varied intraocular lens designs
Authors:   Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China, Yu Sha-Sha , Guo Ya-Wen ,   Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China, Zhao Yun ,   Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China, Yuan Xiao-Yong ,   Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Nankai University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
Published: August 2021

AIM: To evaluate the application of anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in posterior capsule opacification (PCO) severity assessment and analyse the relationship between PCO severity and intraocular lens (IOL) characters.
METHODS: PCO patients were prospectively recruited. Cross-sectional images of the anterior segment at horizontal and vertical meridians were acquired with AS-OCT. The area of the IOL-PC (posterior capsular) space and PCO severity (area, thickness, and density at 3 mm and 5 mm IOL optic regions) were measured. The relationship between PCO severity and visual acuity, comparisons of PCO severity and IOL-PC space using varied IOL designs were analysed.
RESULTS: One hundred PCO eyes were enrolled. IOL-PC space, PCO thickness and area were positively correlated with axial length. In addition, PCO area and thickness were positively correlated with visual acuity when it was ≤0.52 logMAR. The cut-off level of visual acuity should be 0.52 logMAR. With varied IOL designs, 3-piece C haptic IOL showed a smaller PCO area and thickness than the 1-piece 3 haptic IOL and 1-piece 4 haptic IOL. PCO area and thickness values for an IOL with a diameter ≤11.0 mm was greater than for an IOL with a diameter of 12.5 mm, and the differences were statistically significant. PCO area and thickness increased when IOL haptic angulation increased (from 0 to 12 degrees).
CONCLUSION: In PCO eyes, cut-off level of visual acuity is 0.52 logMAR. With more severe PCO, visual acuity maybe not enough to describe the visual function impairment. PCO severity and IOL-PC space are significantly correlated with axial length and IOL design and material.
Predictive value of retinal function by the Purkinje test in patients scheduled for cataract surgery in Kinshasa, DR Congo
Authors:   Eye Department, Saint Joseph Hospital, Kinshasa P. O. 322, DR Congo, Dinkulu Serge , Mukwanseke Edith ,   Eye Department, Saint Joseph Hospital, Kinshasa P. O. 322, DR Congo, Lutete Longo Flavien ,   Eye Department, Saint Joseph Hospital, Kinshasa P. O. 322, DR Congo, Hopkins Adrian ,   Programme National de Santé Oculaire et Vision (PNSOV), Kinshasa P. O. 322, DR Congo, Guthoff Rudolf Friedrich ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock 18057, Germany, Stahnke Thomas ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock 18057, Germany
Published: August 2021

AIM: To assess the retinal function in patients with dense cataracts in resource poor settings in Kinshasa, DR Congo.
METHODS: In a tertiary eye care center, the Purkinje entoptic test was performed as part of the ophthalmological examination in 98 eyes in patients with cataract, using a penlight. Totally 92 cataract patients including 86 patients suffered from unilateral and 6 from bilateral cataracts were included in the study. The investigator asked the patients about their perception of the vascular pattern most commonly described as a leafless or dead tree. Visual acuity≥6/60 was considered an indication of good visual function and visual acuity<6/60 of poor function. Following small incision cataract surgery, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was determined and compared with the preoperative findings.
RESULTS: Out of 98 eyes, there were 80 (81.6%) where the Purkinje entoptic phenomenon was reported by the patients. After cataract surgery, out of the 80 eyes, there were 75 (93.8%) with a BCVA of better than 6/60, whereas in 5 eyes (6.2%), BCVA was 6/60 or less. Out of the 18 eyes (18.4%) where no Purkinje tree was recognized, there were 14 (77.8%) with BCVA of better than 6/60, whereas in 4 (22.2%) BCVA was 6/60 or less.
CONCLUSION: The Purkinje entoptic test is successfully used for preoperative assessment of retinal function in patients with dense cataract. However, further investigation and refinement of the test is necessary to validate the method for use in sub-Saharan conditions.
Analogs of microgravity: the function of Schlemm’s canal, intraocular pressure and autonomic nervous during the head-down tilt test in healthy subjects
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China, Chen Wei , Xiang Yan ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China, Deng Chao-Hua ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China, Zhang Hong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China, Wang Jun-Ming ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
Published: August 2021

AIM: To evaluate the ocular outcomes and to elucidate possible mechanisms underlying intraocular pressure (IOP) change following the head-down tilt (HDT) test.
METHODS: The study included 21 participants at the Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital. Subjects received the test of I-care tonometry, enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis before and after 15min HDT test. The lumen area of Schlemm’s canal (SCAR), IOP, HRV were calculated.
RESULTS: IOP increased significantly after 20° head down position from 14.0±3.0 to 17.0±3.3 mm Hg (P<0.001). SCAR decreased from 13449.0±5454.9 μm2 at sitting condition to 9576.6±4130.9 μm2 post 15min HDT test. High frequency (HF) indices increased significantly from 1462±865 Hz at baseline to 2128±824 Hz. Heart rate (HR) decreased significantly from 76±11.48 to 70±11.52 bpm after the HDT. The linear regression analysis showed that the difference of HF and SCAR significantly correlated with each other during the HDT (R2=20%, P=0.04).
CONCLUSION: These outcomes perform the first evidence of the activation of autonomic nervous system of HDT may cause the collapse of Schlemm’s canal lumen, which in turn leading to the increased IOP.
Pinos de fibra de vidro anatômicos: aspectos adesivos e mecânicos – revisão de literatura
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Jeske de , Rocha Larissa Simião da , Ottoni Rodrigo , Ghiggi Paula Cristine
Published: August 2021

O objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a resistência de união de pinos de fibra de vidro anatômicos (PFVA). Foi realizada busca por artigos na base eletrônicas de dados (PubMed/Medline, Bireme e Scielo) entre os anos 2000 e 2019, utilizando as palavras chave: pinos (posts), pinos de fibra (fiber posts), resistência de união (bond strength) e retenção (retention). Após isso, os resumos dos estudos foram selecionados de acordo com o tema proposto, baixados e lidos para inserir no trabalho somente os pontos principais de cada trabalho e, assim, formular a revisão de literatura com informações atuais. PFVA apresentam maior resistência de união quando comparados a PFVC, principalmente pela diminuição da linha de cimentação, que representa o ponto mais fraco da adesão. Diante disso é indicado o uso de PFVA na prática clínica, como uma opção de restauração segura, uma vez que a distribuição das tensões será mais uniforme, evitando a fratura de estruturas fragilizadas, que podem resultar na perda do elemento dentário.
Ovarian reserve in women with endometriosis under total cystectomy compared to partial cystectomy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Javaheri Atiye , Kabirpour Ashkezar Samane , Eftekhar Maryam , Zahra Ghanadzade Tafti Seiede
Published: August 2021

Background: The standard procedure for ovarian endometriosis is laparoscopic excision of ovarian cysts and complete removal of the cyst capsule using the striping technique. Owing to the possibility of reducing ovarian reserve, and in some cases, the premature ovarian failure, the safety remains to be known.
Objective: To compare the ovarian reserve in women with endometriosis who underwent total cystectomy with partial cystectomy.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 56 women with endometriosis who were referred to the Research and Clinical Center for Infertility and Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran between January and February 2020 were randomly assigned into two groups (n = 25/each); group I (total cystectomy) and group II (partial cystectomy). To assess the ovarian reserves, the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level before and three months after surgery was measured and compared between the two groups.
Results: No significant difference was observed in the AMH levels before and after surgery (p = 0.52, p = 0.32, respectively). However, the mean reduction of AMH in total cystectomy group was significantly higher than the partial cystectomy (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Cystectomy in women with endometriosis reduces ovarian reserve and can help maintain some ovarian reserve by performing partial instead of total cystectomy.
Key words: Anti-Müllerian hormone, Endometriosis, Cystectomy, Ovarian reserve.
Covid- 19 Küresel Salgın Sürecinde Yerel Gazetelerin Durumu: Muş Yerel Basını Örneği
Authors: KARABURUN Metin , MISIRLI Gülsemin
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çin’in Vuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan ardından tüm dünyaya yayılan koronavirüsün neden olduğu pandeminin, yerel basını nasıl etkilediğini Muş yerel basını üzerinden sorgulamaktır. Basın İlan Kurumunun 2010 yılı sonrası birleştirme teşvikinin Muş yerel basınında uygulanmamasından dolayı Muş yerel basınının pandemi sürecinde ekonomik olarak diğer illere göre daha fazla etkilendiği düşünülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada Türkiye’de yerel basının kısa bir tarihine ve Muş yerel basınına değinilmiş, daha sonra yerel basının ekonomik sorunları üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın araştırma bölümünde ise, Muş ilinde günlük yayın yapan gazetelerin yetkilileri ile yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında T.C. Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etik Kuruluna, 05.11.2020 tarihinde talepte bulunulmuştur. Kuruldan 26.11.2020’de Sayı: E-10879717-050.01.04-13781 ve 13-4 karar numarası ile izin alınmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda, Muş yerel basını işletmelerinin pandemi sürecinde kapanmanın eşiğine geldiği, hatta bazı gazetelerin internet sayfasını dahi askıya aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Görüşmeler neticesinde sektöre ve devlete bazı öneriler sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Küresel Finansal Kriz ve Nakit Tutma Ayarlama Hızı
Authors: TEKİN Hasan , POLAT Ali Yavuz , MUĞALOĞLU Erhan
Published: August 2021

Dış finansmana erişimin sınırlı olduğu zamanlarda nakit tutma stratejik bir öneme sahip olmaktadır. Likit varlıklar, özellikle dış şoklarla birlikte firmaların varlıklarını devam ettirebilmeleri için çok önemli hale gelmektedir. Öyle ki, nakit varlıkların talep fonksiyonu, doğal bir deney imkânı sunan 2008-2009 Küresel Finansal Krizine (KFK) bağlı olarak değişebilmektedir. Optimum nakit tutma teorisine dayanan bu çalışma, KFK’den önce ve sonra Borsa İstanbul (BİST)'da işlem gören finansal olmayan firmaların nakit varlıklarının ayarlama hızını 2003-2018 zaman dilimi için incelemektedir. Herhangi bir içsellik problemini azaltmak için genelleştirilmiş momentler yöntemi (GMM) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, BİST’teki firmaların KFK sırasında kredi arzının azalması ve dış fonlama maliyetlerinin de artmasından dolayı daha fazla nakit stoku kullanmaları neticesinde, kriz ve sonrasında nakit varlıklarının ayarlama hızının arttığını göstermektedir. Genel bir sonuç olarak, firma sahipleri ve yöneticileri, krizler gibi yüksek belirsizlik ortamlarında kurumsal finansmanı etkileyen faktörleri de göz önünde bulundurarak ve nakit tutmanın maliyetini hesaba katarak, firmaları için doğru nakit tutma politikası belirlemelidirler.
MENA Ülkeleri Tarım Sektörlerinin Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimliliği Endeksi ile İncelenmesi
Authors: KOÇ Kenan , ÖZKAN Akın , DÜNDAR Necip
Published: August 2021

Tarım sektörü, geçmişten günümüze besin ihtiyaçlarının giderilmesi ve gelir kaynağı olması açısından insanlık için önemini hiç kaybetmemiştir. İnsan nüfusunun hızlı bir şekilde büyümesi ile birlikte gıda ihtiyacının artması ve iklim değişikliği sebebiyle kuraklık sorununun yaşanması gibi faktörler tarım sektöründeki verimliliğin öneminin artmasını sağlamıştır. Tarımsal verimlilik, özellikle gelişmekte olan ve azgelişmiş ülkeler için gelir kaynağı olması ve iktisadi gelişime katkı sağlaması yönüyle önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çoğunlukla gelişmekte olan ve azgelişmiş ülkelerden oluşan MENA ülkelerinin 1967-2016 dönemi için tarımsal verimlilik değişimlerini Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) tabanlı girdi yönelimli Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik (TFV) endeksi aracılığıyla incelemektir. Çalışmada ele alınan ülkeler, düşük ve yüksek gelirli ülkeler olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucuna göre; düşük gelirli ülkelerde ortalama Malmquist (TFV) endeksinde yaklaşık %1’lik artış; yüksek gelirli ülkelerde ise %0,3’lük bir düşüş gözlemlenmiştir. Her iki ülke grubu için ortalama etkinlik ve etkinlik değişimi skorlarında kısmi bir atış, ortalama teknik değişim skorunda ise düşüş gözlemlenmiştir.
Avoid Becoming a Dinosaur that is Important in Change Management: Dinosaur Syndrome
Authors: YEŞİLYURT Özgür
Published: August 2021

Change in business organizations may emerge due to both economic and environmental conditions. Another condition that necessitates change is technological developments. The subject of change is sometimes tried to be prevented by being exposed to the employees' resistance. This study aims to examine the conceptual framework of the dinosaur syndrome in the context of change management. We thought that employees' dislike of change and innovations and attempt to prevent them leads them to dinosaur syndrome. Dinosaur syndrome refers to the resistance to change that can be seen in business organizations along with individuals. It should not be forgotten that the basis of the dinosaur syndrome seen in business organizations is also the employees. Dinosaur syndrome emerges in three stages. The first stage consists of encountering, confrontation, and disharmony, and the second stage of resistance to change and rejection of change. And finally, the third stage consists of clumsiness-downsizing, extinction, transformation into another organization. In conclusion, the success of change depends on placing the change as a lifestyle in the business culture, including employees in the change processes as much as possible, and their participative management approach.
Formação inicial de professores e a base de conhecimentos para o ensino de ciências naturais na educação infantil
Authors: De Abreu Fochesato Quidigno Raquel , Camargo Sérgio , Bruns Zimer Tania Teresinha
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, do tipo documental, realizada no período de 2017 a 2019, que teve como objetivo desvelar o que está manifesto nas estruturas curriculares dos cursos de Licenciatura em Pedagogia em Universidades Públicas Federais, identificando a base de conhecimentos necessários para o Ensino de Ciências Naturais na Educação Infantil. Para tal, foi realizada a análise de Ementas e Planos de Ensino de disciplinas que compõem as estruturas curriculares desses cursos. Assim sendo, primeiramente buscou-se apresentar o contexto em que esta pesquisa está inserida e introduzir as ideias de Shulman (1986, 1987, 2014), Grossman (1990) e Carlsen (2002) sobre os aspectos referentes à constituição da base para o Ensino de Ciências Naturais na Educação Infantil. Ressalta-se que a análise do corpus se fundamenta em elementos da Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016). Como resultado do processo de análise dos dados, foram utilizados códigos a priori e 6 códigos emergentes que foram distribuídos em três categorias homônimas dos conhecimentos que constituem a base para o ensino. Portanto, percebeu-se que todos os conhecimentos da base estão presentes nas disciplinas analisadas e, também, foi proposto um modelo para a base de conhecimentos para o Ensino de Ciências na Educação Infantil.
The Legal Status of Subjects of Corporate Relationships: Doctrinal and Law Enforcement Aspects
Authors:   Chief Legal Officer at Expert-Com Limited Liability Company Senior Lecturer of the Department of Theory, Methodology and Legal Support of State and Municipal Management of the Institute of Economics and Management of the Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Cherkasova Oksana V.
Published: August 2021

The article reviews the legal status of subjects of corporate relationships, analyzes doctrinal and law enforcement aspects. The author analyzes the scientists’ standpoints, various models of interaction between the subjects of corporate relationships existing in foreign law and order, case law, arrives at conclusions about the correlation between the categories of the “right of participation”, “right of membership”, “right of management”. It is noted that the membership concept evolves out of participation by performing the function of a generic term. It is suggested to determine the “right of management” of a corporation as just one of the member’s activity areas along with other rights. The author recommends to ensure consistency of the provision of Article 2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and Articles 65.2, 65.3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation where the concept of the “right of participation” would act as a basic one and the “right of management” would be its constituent part.
Right Protection and Reconciliation of the Parties: The Issue of the Concepts and Correlation
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Civil Law, Civil and Arbitration Procedure of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences LL.D., Associate Professor, Mikhaylova Ekaterina V.
Published: August 2021

The article analyzes the concept of legal protection, reveals its features. A distinction is made between protection of law and protection of law. Self-defense of civil rights is investigated. It is shown that self-defense is not an independent method of legal protection, since its result is not guaranteed by the state, and self-defense measures can be qualified as an offense. The concept and grounds for concluding an amicable agreement are revealed. It has been proved that amicable agreements can be concluded only in cases of a private law nature. Settlement agreements in public-law conflicts are allowed by the current procedural legislation, but they can be a means of committing corruption offenses. The author distinguishes between an amicable agreement as a procedural act and agreements on conciliation concluded out of court and having a civil law nature. Mediation is investigated as an out-of-court procedure for resolving civil conflicts. It was proposed to supplement the requirements for the candidacy of mediators with an indication of the obligatory presence of a higher legal education. It was also proposed to supplement the procedural legislation with sections on the procedure for challenging mediation agreements and on the issuance of writs of execution on them (by analogy with the decisions of arbitration courts), as well as an indication that the presence of a mediation agreement concluded by the parties is grounds for refusing to accept the statement of claim and for terminating proceedings on the case.
Electronic Justice in an Arbitration Procedure: New Challenges and Adaptation of Judicial Proceedings
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Financial and Entrepreneurial Law of the Volgograd Institute of Management – Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Director of Legal Firm Regional Legal Company Limited Liability Company, PhD (Law), Kantser Yuriy A.
Published: August 2021

In the context of restrictive measures, procedural mechanisms that allow the use of e-justice resources came in handy. The courts introduce special conditions for the reception of citizens, meetings are recommended to be transferred to a remote format, the work of commercial organizations is carried out remotely or according to special schedules, the elementary movement of representatives of the parties to the dispute across the country is complicated, which means that getting to the court session is often difficult. In this regard, the discussion of the elements of electronic justice that have already been introduced into procedural legislation and those that have appeared again (familiarization with the case materials at a distance, online meeting) is highly relevant.
On Some Relevant Issues of Mediation and Judicial Representation in a Civil and Arbitration Procedure
Authors:   Teaching Assistant of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Law School of the Far Eastern Federal University Managing Partner of Verno Consulting Group, Romanov Andrey A.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to topical issues of conciliation procedures, mediation in connection with the institution of legal representation and law costs. The problematic aspects that hinder the wider application of the mediation procedure are stated, the ways of improving the legislation are proposed.
EXERGY BASED SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF AN ORC INTEGRATED WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM FOR MARINE VESSELS
Authors: KONUR Olgun , SAATÇİOĞLU Ömür , ÇOLPAN Can
Published: August 2021

This paper introduces the basics of exergy based sustainability assessment and the framework that should be shaped within in the first stage. The sustainability assessment framework leads to sustainability indicators that are used to assist policy makers and decision-making processes. The literature review shows that the energy systems are suited to sustainability assessment with exergy based assessment tools and indicators from an environmental point of view. In this study, an exergy based sustainability assessment is carried out by using the exergy analyses results of an ORC (organic Rankine cycle) integrated waste heat recovery system on a 1,221 TEU container ship. The exergy analysis results are used to derive comparable and quantified exergetic sustainability indicators that indicate the sustainability level and further improvement potentials with the utilization of the proposed waste heat recovery system design. The assessment results show that the minimum waste exergy ratio is obtained from R1234ze(Z) at 3 MPa with the value of 0.106. R1234ze(Z) and R245fa working fluids show good environmental performance for the proposed system design. The maximum exergetic sustainability index values are obtained from R1234ze(Z) and at 3 MPa at the value of 8.435.