bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How do Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual Teachers Experience UK Rural School Communities?
Authors: Lee Catherine
Published: September 2019

This article examines how lesbian, gay and bisexual teachers in rural schools negotiate their sexual identities within the workplace. Although there has been progress towards LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) inclusion for teachers in urban and suburban schools, this article shows that their rural counterparts often experience their school communities differently. A questionnaire gathered data from school teachers in the United Kingdom identifying as LGBT. Whilst a small number of transgender, gender queer and non-binary teachers completed the questionnaire, it is important to note that these teachers taught only in urban environments. In rural schools, respondents identified only as lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB). Therefore, LGB is used when referring to the rural respondents in this study and LGBT is used when referring generally to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community. The experiences of teachers working in rural schools were compared with those working in urban or suburban school settings. Results showed that LGB teachers in rural communities lack the opportunity to speak their identity into existence at school, and often find their personal and professional identities incompatible, leading to low self-worth, depression and anxiety. The article shows that in rural school communities, traditional and conservative rural norms and values are compelling and are often protected at the expense of creating safe and inclusive workplaces for LGB teachers.
Comparison of Different Enhanced Coagulation Methods for Azo Dye Removal from Wastewater
Authors: Luo Xinhao , Liang Chen , Hu Yongyou
Published: September 2019

Printing and dyeing wastewater (PDW) is considered to be one of the most difficult industrial wastewaters to treat because of its large quantities, high pH values, and high color and toxicity, which may endanger the lives of animals and humans. In this study, we assessed the chemical decolorization process of Congo Red in azo dyes using response surface methodology (RSM), and the effect of different enhanced coagulation pretreatment processes (ECPPs) on the microbial community structure of PDW using high-throughput sequencing technology. We concluded that, based on the initial concentration and pH of Congo Red, different decolorants can be selected for decolorization reactions. In addition, it was found that the microbial community of the wastewater after three different ECPP treatments was similar to the raw wastewater and the oxidation ditch wastewater from a treatment plant. We also found that the ECPPs with polymeric iron sulfate had the smallest effect on the microbial community. In practical applications, these findings provide a reference for an established link between the physicochemical and biochemical treatment of PDW.
Does Housing Policy Sustainability Matter? Evidence from China
Authors: Gao Ya , Li Xiuting , Dong Jichang
Published: September 2019

The housing market plays an important role in the Chinese economy and society. To promote the functioning of the housing market, the Chinese government has imposed many policies and regulations. However, most of these regulations do not take sustainability into consideration. Using a difference-in-difference approach, this paper investigated the impacts of home purchase restriction (HPR) on the housing market in China. While most studies have only focused on the impacts of HPR implementation on the housing market, we also investigated the effects of HPR removal. The results revealed that HPR brings about a decline in the growth of house prices and the impacts are more significant in the short run. Furthermore, the effects of HPR vary across different cities., where they are particularly pronounced in the central and western cities. Moreover, there was no evidence to show that the removal of HPR affected house prices as expected. This suggests that it is important to improve the sustainability of housing policies, which has significant policy implications for obtaining a well-functioning housing market.
Municipal Efforts to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Evidence from U.S. Cities on the U.S.-Mexico Border
Authors: Gonzalez-Gorman Sylvia , Kwon Sung-Wook , Patterson Dennis
Published: September 2019

In this study, we examine municipal efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by focusing on emissions from vehicular sources. We compare what different cities have done to address the problem of GHG emissions from vehicles by using atmospheric data to assess the impact policy efforts have had on actual GHGs. We focus on an area overlooked in the literature, U.S. cities on the U.S.-Mexico transborder region. Using GHG vehicular emissions data from the Center for Neighborhood Technology (CNT) and an ordinary least square model, this research foundcities have reduced levels of GHGs, especially when municipal efforts are supported by state policies to reduce GHG emissions. While GHG in general are transboundary and a global issue by nature, communities in the U.S. border region are directly impacted by vehicular emissions due to cross-border trade that is not prevalent in interior communities. However, one of the main limitations in this type of study is the lack of reportable environmental data for less populated cities on the U.S.-Mexico border. Future studies need to develop alternative approaches to sustainability that could provide a more nuanced examination of some of the challenges or success in the U.S. transborder region.
Water Quality Sustainability Evaluation under Uncertainty: A Multi-Scenario Analysis Based on Bayesian Networks
Authors: Sperotto Anna , Molina Josè Luis , Torresan Silvia , Critto Andrea , Pulido-Velazquez Manuel , Marcomini Antonio
Published: September 2019

With increasing evidence of climate change affecting the quality of water resources, there is the need to assess the potential impacts of future climate change scenarios on water systems to ensure their long-term sustainability. The study assesses the uncertainty in the hydrological responses of the Zero river basin (northern Italy) generated by the adoption of an ensemble of climate projections from 10 different combinations of a global climate model (GCM)–regional climate model (RCM) under two emission scenarios (representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5). Bayesian networks (BNs) are used to analyze the projected changes in nutrient loadings (NO3, NH4, PO4) in mid- (2041–2070) and long-term (2071–2100) periods with respect to the baseline (1983–2012). BN outputs show good confidence that, across considered scenarios and periods, nutrient loadings will increase, especially during autumn and winter seasons. Most models agree in projecting a high probability of an increase in nutrient loadings with respect to current conditions. In summer and spring, instead, the large variability between different GCM–RCM results makes it impossible to identify a univocal direction of change. Results suggest that adaptive water resource planning should be based on multi-model ensemble approaches as they are particularly useful for narrowing the spectrum of plausible impacts and uncertainties on water resources.
Can ESG Indices Improve the Enterprises’ Stock Market Performance?—An Empirical Study from China
Authors: Deng Xiang , Cheng Xiang
Published: September 2019

Environmental, social responsibility, corporate governance (ESG) are increasingly becoming the consensus of enterprises’ development. However, whether the ESG indices of enterprises can improve their performance on stock market is rarely studied. In order to examine the relationship between enterprise’s ESG indices and stock market performance, and to further explore the heterogeneity impact of stock market performance on the enterprises’ ESG indices in different ownership backgrounds, we conducted an empirical analysis based on China’s A-share listed companies. The empirical results show that there is a positive correlation between enterprise’s ESG indices and its stock market performance. Further analysis indicates that, the impact of ESG indices on non-state-owned enterprises is greater than that on state-owned enterprises, and the stock market performance of the secondary industry is much more affected by ESG indices than that of the tertiary industry. Finally, from three aspects including information disclosure, policy protection, transformation and upgrading, recommendations are proposed on the future direction of China’s ecological civilization construction and sustainable development of enterprises.
Analyzing Temporal and Spatial Characteristics and Determinant Factors of Energy-Related CO2 Emissions of Shanghai in China Using High-Resolution Gridded Data
Authors: Zhu Hanxiong , Pan Kexi , Liu Yong , Chang Zheng , Jiang Ping , Li Yongfu
Published: September 2019

In this study, we create a high-resolution (1 km x 1 km) carbon emission spatially gridded dataset in Shanghai for 2010 to 2015 to help researchers understand the spatial pattern of urban CO2 emissions and facilitate exploration of their driving forces. First, we conclude that high spatial agglomeration, CO2 emissions centralized along the river and coastline, and a structure with three circular layers are the three notable temporal–spatial characteristics of Shanghai fossil fuel CO2 emissions. Second, we find that large point sources are the leading factors that shaped the temporal–spatial characteristics of Shanghai CO2 emission distributions. The changes of CO2 emissions in each grid during 2010–2015 indicate that the energy-controlling policies of large point emission sources have had positive effects on CO2 reduction since 2012. The changes suggest that targeted policies can have a disproportionate impact on urban emissions. Third, area sources bring more uncertainties to the forecasting of carbon emissions. We use the Geographical Detector method to identify these leading factors that influence CO2 emissions emitted from area sources. We find that Shanghai’s circular layer structure, population density, and population activity intensity are the leading factors. This result implied that urban planning has a large impact on the distribution of urban CO2 emissions. At last, we find that unbalanced development within the city will lead to different leading impact factors for each circular layer. Factors such as urban development intensity, traffic land, and industrial land have stronger power to determine CO2 emissions in the areas outside the Outer Ring, while factors such as population density and population activity intensity have stronger impacts in the other two inner areas. This research demonstrates the potential utility of high-resolution carbon emission data to advance the integration of urban planning for the reduction of urban CO2 emissions and provide information for policymakers to make targeted policies across different areas within the city.
Green Environments and Happiness Level in Housing Areas toward a Sustainable Life
Authors: Han Min Jee Nikki , Kim Mi Jeong
Published: September 2019

Housing environments should enable residents to have positive experiences through the allocation of diverse green environments, which lead to physically and mentally happy, healthy living. Such positive experiences affect their happiness level, thus leading to sustainable lives. However, in Korea, since the 1980s, the design of housing complexes has been overly focused on their economic and iconic value, while the importance of residents’ experiences has been ignored in the living environment. This research explores categories of green environments in accordance with their scale and purpose of use and evaluates green environments in housing areas by focusing on the residents’ happiness levels. Further, this research examines the correlation between green environments and residents’ happiness level and the effect of green environments on their sociality satisfaction level. The results indicate that green environments and happiness levels are critically correlated. Through the results, this research emphasizes the importance of providing structural and strategic planning of green environments in housing areas for residents’ happiness, and thus their sustainable lives.
A Study on the Arable Land Demand for Food Security in China
Authors: Chen Aiqi , He Huaxiang , Wang Jin , Li Mu , Guan Qingchun , Hao Jinmin
Published: September 2019

Food security is the basis of social stability and development. Maintaining sufficient amounts of arable land is essential for China’s food security. In this paper, we consider the relationship between arable land demand to grain demand and production capacity. The changes in national population, grain production, and consumption from 2000 to 2015 are analyzed. Then, we forecast the respective possible changes in the future and accordingly forecast the arable land demand in different possible situations. The results show that the pressure to maintain sufficient amounts of arable land in 2030 may be greater than that in 2040.The higher pressure is due to larger population and lower production capacity. To ensure food security in China, we insist on maintaining 120 million ha of arable land, the “red line” for food security, and improve the arable land productivity to ensure domestic production and self-sufficiency. In addition, residents should be guided to cultivate sound food consumption habits in order to control per capita grain demand. Lastly, we should also make full use of international resources and markets to relieve the pressure on domestic resources and environments.
Social Responsibility toward the Employees and Career Development Sustainability during Manufacturing Transformation in China
Authors: Lu Xuemei , Zhu Wenzhong , Tsai Fu-Sheng
Published: September 2019

In an era of industrial transformation, manufacturing employees have faced significant threats (e.g., Artificial Intelligence technologies). Against such a backdrop, this study empirically examined the relationship between social responsibility toward the employees (CSRe) and career development sustainability, since non-contractual organizational supports are as important for employees’ career development as those outlined within contracts. We examined relevant issues in the Chinese manufacturing industry by using decision tree analysis coupled with grey relation processing. CSRe was conceptualized by four dimensions: working benefit, working environment, working hours, and training, while career development sustainability was captured from the perspectives of career growth and employability. The results indicated that four factors of social responsibility toward employees were positively associated with career growth and employability under career development sustainability. In addition, the strongest correlation was between training and career growth as well as employability. This study contributes by enriching the current research on corporate social responsibility from the standpoint of employees, and also generates implications for career development sustainability. Studying in a context of timely importance, this paper has practical implications for manufacturers to respond to the human resource dilemma under the impact of new technology, and thus could help employees embark on a long-term career path, which is conducive to socially sustainable development.
Approach to Strain Selection and the Propagation of Viral Stocks for Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Efficacy Testing under the Animal Rule
Authors: Rusnak Janice M. , Glass Pamela J. , Weaver Scott C. , Sabourin Carol L. , Glenn Andrew M. , Klimstra William , Badorrek Christopher S. , Nasar Farooq , Ward Lucy A.
Published: September 2019

Licensure of a vaccine to protect against aerosolized Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) requires use of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Animal Rule to assess vaccine efficacy as human studies are not feasible or ethical. An approach to selecting VEEV challenge strains for use under the Animal Rule was developed, taking into account Department of Defense (DOD) vaccine requirements, FDA Animal Rule guidelines, strain availability, and lessons learned from the generation of filovirus challenge agents within the Filovirus Animal Nonclinical Group (FANG). Initial down-selection to VEEV IAB and IC epizootic varieties was based on the DOD objective for vaccine protection in a bioterrorism event. The subsequent down-selection of VEEV IAB and IC isolates was based on isolate availability, origin, virulence, culture and animal passage history, known disease progression in animal models, relevancy to human disease, and ability to generate sufficient challenge material. Methods for the propagation of viral stocks (use of uncloned (wild-type), plaque-cloned, versus cDNA-cloned virus) to minimize variability in the potency of the resulting challenge materials were also reviewed. The presented processes for VEEV strain selection and the propagation of viral stocks may serve as a template for animal model development product testing under the Animal Rule to other viral vaccine programs. This manuscript is based on the culmination of work presented at the “Alphavirus Workshop” organized and hosted by the Joint Vaccine Acquisition Program (JVAP) on 15 December 2014 at Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
Increased Coffee Intake Reduces Circulating HBV DNA and HBsAg Levels in HBeAg-Negative Infection: A Cohort Study
Authors: Chook Jack Bee , Ngeow Yun Fong , Tee Kok Keng , Lee Jamie Wan Ting , Mohamed Rosmawati
Published: September 2019

Coffee is hepatoprotective and potentially antiviral; however, its anti-hepatitis B virus (anti-HBV) property is not known in humans. This study investigated the influence of coffee drinking behaviour as well as clinical and biochemical profiles of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative participants on circulating HBV DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels at a 24-week interval. Exactly 114 chronically HBV-infected adult participants were enrolled from the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Malaysia. A significant reduction of HBV DNA level was observed in those drinking three or more cups of coffee per day, with a median reduction of 523 IU/mL (P = 0.003). Reduction of HBsAg level was observed in those drinking two cups per day, with a median reduction of 37 IU/mL (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that increased coffee intake (P = 0.015) and lower ALT level (P = 0.033) were the significant predictors for a lower HBV DNA level, whereas increased coffee intake (P = 0.002) and having a family history of HBV infection (P = 0.021) were the significant predictors for a lower HBsAg level. These data suggest that drinking three cups or more coffee per day reduces circulating HBV DNA and HBsAg levels.
Urine and Free Immunoglobulin Light Chains as Analytes for Serodiagnosis of Hantavirus Infection
Authors: Hepojoki Satu , Kareinen Lauri , Strandin Tomas , Vaheri Antti , Holthöfer Harry , Mustonen Jukka , Mäkelä Satu , Hedman Klaus , Vapalahti Olli , Hepojoki Jussi
Published: September 2019

Rapid point-of-care testing is a megatrend in infectious disease diagnosis. We have introduced a homogeneous immunoassay concept, which is based on the simultaneous binding of antigen and protein L to a given immunoglobulin molecule. The complex formation is detected utilizing time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer between antigen-attached donor and acceptor-labeled protein L, hence the name LFRET. Here, we demonstrate that urine can be used as a sample matrix in LFRET-based serodiagnostics. We studied urine samples collected during the hospitalization and recovery of patients with acute Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) infection. We compared PUUV antibody-specific LFRET signals in urine to those in plasma, and found excellent correlation in the test outcomes The LFRET test from urine was positive in 40/40 patients with acute PUUV infection. PUUV causes a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, characterized by acute kidney injury and proteinuria. Immunofluorescence and western blotting demonstrated PUUV-IgG and -IgA in urine, however, the presence of intact immunoglobulins did not fully explain the LFRET signals. We purified free light chains (FLCs) from both urine and serum of healthy volunteers and patients with acute PUUV infection, and verified the presence of antigen-specific FLCs. Antigen-specific FLCs provide a new means for non-invasive antibody detection and disease diagnosis.
Crop Performance and Water Productivity of Transplanted Rice as Affected by Seedling Age and Seedling Density under Alternate Wetting and Drying Conditions in Lao PDR
Authors: Lampayan Rubenito , Xangsayasane Phetmanyseng , Bueno Crisanta
Published: September 2019

Drought is common under rainfed lowlands in Lao People’s Democratic Republic, and with the uncertain onset of rains during the wet season, delay in transplanting results in yield reduction. This study aims to explore ways to ameliorate the negative influence of delayed transplanting on rice crop. A field experiment was conducted for two wet seasons to investigate the effect of seedling age and seedling density on crop performance in terms of grain yield and water productivity. The experiment was laid out in a split–split plot design in four replicates, with seedling age as the main plot, seedling density as the subplot, and varieties as the sub-sub plot. In both years, there were significant seedling age and variety interactions on grain yield. Higher grain yields were observed with older seedlings having stronger tillering propensity. Seedling density did not affect grain yields in both years, but on grain yield components. Shorter duration variety received less supplemental irrigation than longer duration varieties. Late transplanting improved total water productivity but decreased irrigation water productivity due to harvesting delay. The total crop growth duration (from sowing to maturity) was prolonged with transplanting delay. However, the total stay of plants in the main field (from transplanting to maturity) was reduced by 3–5 d for every 10 d delay in transplanting. The results indicated that a good selection of varieties and increasing seedling density improve crop performance and water productivity with delayed transplanting.
Application of GALDIT in Assessing the Seawater Intrusion Vulnerability of Jeju Island, South Korea
Authors: Chang Sun Woo , Chung Il-Moon , Kim Min-Gyu , Tolera Mesfin , Koh Gi-Won
Published: September 2019

Seawater intrusion (SWI) is a major environmental threat to groundwater resources in coastal regions. GALDIT is an index-based SWI vulnerability model that is increasingly being used in many parts of the world to identify regions that are vulnerable to various types of SWI based on six major parameters. In this study, we conducted a vulnerability assessment of Jeju Island to SWI based on several years of collected groundwater level data and hydrogeological values where the objectives of the study were to visualize the distribution of recent SWI, to increase the reliability of the GALDIT assessment method by improving current GALDIT techniques, and to respond effectively to diagnoses of SWI on Jeju. To improve the GALDIT assessment method to fit the Jeju model, the possibility of electrical conductivity was explored instead of standard GALDIT parameters that represented the existing impact of SWI. Improvements to the GALDIT vulnerability assessment method made it clear that groundwater became increasingly vulnerable to SWI in the existing high-vulnerability group. The results of this research may be used to develop a quantitative index for rational decision-making on policies and suggest the need for further improvements in groundwater management, with a stronger focus on easing groundwater use.
Anatomical localization of intracranial grade II meningiomas in North-Eastern Romania
Authors: Cucu A. I. , Costea Claudia Florida , Turliuc Mihaela Dana , Ghiciuc Cristina Mihaela , Costachescu B. , Popescu Roxana , Dumitrescu Gabriela Florenta , Sava Anca , Tanase Daniela Maria , Arbore-Sorete R. , Poeata I.
Published: September 2019

Objective. Our research aims to assess a possible connection between tumour localization and histological subtypes of grade II meningiomas.

Material and methods. 143 patients with grade II WHO meningiomas underwent surgical resection in "Prof. Dr. N. Oblu" Emergency Clinical Hospital Ia?i between 1990 and 2015. The collected data included: patient age, gender, tumour localization and histopathological diagnosis (atypical, clear cells and chordoid meningioma).

Results. 135 (94.4%) of all 143 patients with grade II meningiomas were atypical meningiomas, 6 (4.2%) were cell clear meningiomas and only 2 (1.4%) were chordoid meningiomas. As concerns their distribution by gender, 79 (55.2%) were female and 64 (44.8%) were male. Grade II meningiomas were most commonly located at convexity 49.7% (n=71), followed by skull base in 30.8% (n=44) of the cases and parasagittal/falcine in 14.7% (n=21) of the patients.

Conclusions. The most common localization of grade II meningiomas was convexity, followed by skull base, parasagittal/falcine and intraventricular areas. We have also noticed that convexity meningiomas are more frequent in women, unlike the other anatomical localizations in which the male-female ratio is almost equal. Therefore, further research is necessary to determine the role of embryological, anatomopathological and genetic factors in underlying the connection between meningioma grade and anatomical localization.
Our experience with a single stage bilateral approach for treatment of bilateral middle cerebral artery aneurysms
Authors: Chiriac A. , Ion Georgiana , Faiyad Z. , Poeata I.
Published: September 2019

Surgical management of bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms is particular challenging clinical situation. For these patients various options of surgical treatment are available as unilateral approach, single stage bilateral craniotomy or two stage bilateral craniotomy. We report our experience with a case of bilateral MCA aneurysm which was managed by single stage bilateral pterional craniotomy.
Primary central nervous system sarcomas
Authors: Zakaria Wael K. , Taha Ahmed N. , State Mohamed
Published: September 2019

Objective: Primary CNS sarcomas are very rare tumours with no defined standard of care.

Patients and methods: This study was a retrospective review of seven patients diagnosed with a primary CNS sarcoma at neurosurgery department, Mansoura university hospital between 2006 and 2018. We reviewed the clinical, radiological, and pathological data of these patients. There were 2 female (28.6%) and 5 male (71.4%) with age ranged from 8 years to 73 years (mean age 25.4 years). Three patients (42.9%) had an intracranial sarcoma, and four (57.1%) had intraspinal tumours. All intracranial tumours located in supratentorial region.

Results: we have characteristic imaging findings inform of osteolytic bony erosion in 3 patients and marked enhancement of the tumour in 5 (71.4%) patients. We operated upon all patients to remove the tumour surgically with our aim is gross tumour resection. Tumour was totally resected in 5 patients (71.4%) and subtotal in another 2 patients (28.6%). Tumour has dural attachment in 5 cases (71.4%) and brain invasion was present in all intracranial 3 patients (42.9%). Postoperative radiotherapy was used in 5 patients and postoperative chemotherapy was used in all patients. We used immunohistochemical studies for all patients with the most consistent finding being strong Desmin positivity. The mean length of patients survival was 4.6 years (range from 3 month to 8 years).

Conclusions: Primary CNS sarcomas are very rare CNS tumours, total surgical resection and post-operative radio and chemotherapy provided encouraging outcomes.
A case report of retrograde suction decompression of a large paraclinoid aneurysm
Authors: Khalil Ahmed Mohamed , Yamada Yashuhiro , Takizawa Katsumi , Kato Yoko , Ansari Ahmed
Published: September 2019

Surgical clipping of large Paraclinoidal IC (Internal carotid) aneurysm pose a great challenge as there are adhesions hindering exposure of aneurysm dome and parent artery . Obtaining adequate visualization of the aneurysm neck is very difficult in these aneurysms, also in the access of proximal control. There are many methods to obtain a proximal control in these aneurysms. Retrograde suction decompression provides adequate visualization of the aneurysm neck and its relation with the optic apparatus. Retrograde suction decompression can be done by many methods. The technique done via open catheterization of superior thyroid artery is readily accessible and provides adequate relaxation of the aneurysm dome enabling complete dissection of the aneurysm from the surrounding important neurovascular structures. In this report of a case of left Paraclinoidal ICA aneurysm which was clipped applying this method, we elaborate on the technique and discuss other methods available for proximal control in these difficult aneurysms.
Devenir une « bonne » mère. Une trajectoire balisée par l’intervention sociale
Authors: Stettinger Vanessa
Published: September 2019

À la naissance de chacun de ses enfants, Nora Dhamani a dérogé aux normes légitimes octroyées à la « bonne » mère dans la société française. Leur placement, peu de temps après chaque naissance, a validé sa disqualification en tant que mère. Cet article analyse la réception et l’appropriation par cette mère des normes dominantes transmises par les divers professionnels qu’elle a rencontrés au cours d’un suivi social de plus de trente ans. Comment Nora a-t-elle vécu sa disqualification ? De quelle façon s’est-elle approprié les normes prescrites par les professionnels ? Comment est-elle arrivée à se transformer et à construire une place légitime auprès de ses enfants ? L’étude de cette trajectoire vise à apporter des éléments de compréhension sur le vécu des mères de classes populaires du travail de normalisation dont elles font souvent l’objet ; des oppositions et des impositions auxquelles elles doivent faire face pour pouvoir prétendre au rang de « bonne » mère.
Relation of availability and barley uptake of some potentially toxic elements
Authors: Fodor László
Published: September 2019

A small-plot microelement load field trial was set up on brown forest clay soil with eight elements (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn), on 3 levels each (0/30, 90, 270 kg element ha-1). The soil was treated with soluble salts of elements once at initiation (1994). In the seventh year of the experiment (2001) winter barley was the test plant. The total element content was determined in plant samples (shoot, straw, grain) after microwave digestion using cc.HNO3+cc.H2O2. The element composition of the prepared samples was determined using ICP-MS technique. In the experiment toxic effects of treatments and yield loss could not be observed. Zn and As contents in barely shoots were only moderately increased by increasing microelement loads. Effects of Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Al treatments could not be observed. On the other hand, Cd accumulation was significant in the shoot. Cd content was also increased both in straw and grain. Results of this experiment prove that Cd remains mobile in the soil-plant system for a long time. Its accumulation can be observed both in vegetative and reproductive parts of plants without toxic symptoms and yield loss.
Managerial aspects of operating performance groups in agriculture
Authors: Szabados György
Published: September 2019

Although we often witness groups, teams operating on various fields of life, we have not learnt much about various types of groups and teams in the agricultural sector, little is know about operational rules, internal properties, even less the managerial aspects. The Department of Management of University of Debrecen has been conducting research in this field for many years. In the framework of the research program, I have surveyed the managerial approach to identify main and typical characteristics of performance groups.During my researches I was determined to find out more about internal rules, relations and characteristics.
Novel market conditions and marketing consequences in the hungarian guided hunting sector
Authors: Magyar Zoltán
Published: September 2019

In Hungary the operating medium of game management and the guided hunting sector is undergoing such a radical change nowadays that on the one hand it considerably influences the profit-producing ability of the sector, and on the other hand it sets the actors of the industry new challenges and opportunities. If the Hungarian hunting industry, which has a traditional past, also wishes to preserve its position in this changed business medium, it is essential that the new situation be thoroughly assessed, and the value-oriented marketing attitude be adapted. The phenomena presented in this essay discuss the consequences and causes of the appearance of new service providers regarding the supply side, and the content changes of the consumer group and the modification of earlier consumption preferences and their causes on the demand side. The changing of the two media jointly generate the adaptation of the value-oriented service - marketing concepts, by using which the areas to be developed and deemed as the narrow cross-section of consumer decisions can be determined. After specifying the target group specific marketing properties of the aove-mentioned – prestige – service, such services of high utility content can already be established successfully that can be positioned as a proper alternative for the new consumer group of higher value expectation. On the other hand, the employment and profitability indexes related to this sector may considerably be improved.
Detection of Impurities in Anti-infective Generic Drugs in Brazil by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Jeancarlo Pereira dos Anjos  , Samuel Sherratt  , Josiane Dantas Viana  , Valdir Gomes Barbosa Junior  , R. Preston Manson  , Roberto Badaro
Published: September 2019

Impurities found in generic medicinesmay contribute to loss of efficacy and adverse side effects when administered to patients suffering from various diseases. Methods of analysis of the quality of drug products are well advanced. Herein, we used Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector coupled to Mass Spectrometry to detect the presence of organic impurities and determine the quantity of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) present in representative Antibiotics (2) and Antifungals (2). Possible impurities were detected in some of the generic drugs in both classes of anti-infective drugs. No impurities were detected in the amoxicillin. The compounds 3’-N,N-Di(demethyl) azithromycin (azithromycin impurity E) and 3’-De(dimethylamino)-3’-keto azithromycin (azithromycin impurity N) were detected in generic azithromycin. For itraconazole, the compounds cis-[2-(2,4 dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl-methyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4 yl] methylmethanesulfonate and trans-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-methyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methylmethanesulfonate, besides a third substance identified as 2- (2-Butyl) -4-{4-[4-(4-methyloxy-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-phenyl}-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-one were detected as possible impurities. Interestingly, an additional peak was noted in the chromatogram for the generic fluconazole, in addition to the peak of the API; however, none of known impurities of fluconazole were identified. We conclude that tests in addition to bioequivalence measurements may be required to assess post-market generic quality. Such surveillance of generic quality should be performed routinely.
Liposome Drug Delivery in Cancer Chemotherapy: Review and Multifactorial Analysis
Authors: Tatiara Régis  , Luciana Knop  , Bruna Machado  , Valter de Senna
Published: September 2019

We reviewed the use of liposomes for cancer therapy using computational biostatistics. We used virtual libraries, such as PubMed, LILACS, National Health Institute (NHI) and the Food Drug Administration (FDA) to conduct the review. Cluster analysis and correlation were developed using the Tanimoto coefficient (TC) of 0.7 using the modeling tool ChemMine Tools from databases (PubChem, DailyMed, DrugBank, Drug @ FDA). The results pointed fifteen molecules in the pharmaceutical form of liposome for the oncological clinic. Of these, 13 are classified by size into small-molecules and were analyzed by computational statistical modeling. Of these, only 4 were approved for use by the FDA, and 9 are in phases of research by the pharmaceutical industry as liposomal formulations. Essential differences in physical-chemical properties and molecules structure were observed, indicating original proposal in the development of liposomal as an anticancer drugs.
Osteoma: A Case Report Based on Image Technology
Authors: Alile Carmo  , Ana Carolina Mariz  , Leandro Santos  , Marianna Torres  , Raí Santos  , Roberto Monteiro
Published: September 2019

Osteomas are benign mesenchymal tumors, characterized by proliferation of compact or modularly bone. They are small, slow-growing lesions, usuallyasymptomatic and detected in young adults. This tumors can affect the paranasal sinuses and are often diagnosed with incidental findings through imaging tests. Osteomas are typically restricted to the craniofacial skeleton and rarely foundin other bones. Osteoma of the gnathic bones may be peripheral or endosteal.The osteomas’ etiology is controversial and still unknown. It is more frequent in the frontal sinuses, corresponding to 57% of the paranasal sinuses osteomas, followed by the ethmoidal and maxillary sinuses. Computed Tomography (CT) is the gold standard to assess the location, extent, and aspects of the injury. The objective of this paper is to present a case report of osteoma diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) scan, indicating the importance of the technology of imaging in the medicine diagnostic.
APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE ENTERPRISE’S CAPITAL STRUCTURE
Authors: Ivanova Rositsa
Published: September 2019

The capital of an enterprise is defined as a common value expression of funds invested in the specific property forms. In its nature, the capital is the passive manifestation of value. It is the source of funding of the enterprise’s property. The property itself is the active manifestation of value. The capital and the property of the enterprise are two different interrelated expressions of the value.The question of enterprise’s capital structure is topical at all stages of the development of such enterprise.Knowledge about the capital structure and its analysis are useful for the business practice to different extent.The information with regard to the capital structure is useful for the financial management, for the enterprise’s management in general, for the governance of its business in operative and strategic aspect. We should note that the ratios between own funds and borrowing sources as well as the duration of capital participation in the business turnover of the enterprise form both the amounts of different groups and types of assets as well as the property structure of the enterprise.Owners and potential capital investors are to certain extent interested in the information about the enterprise’s financial performance for several subsequent periods as well as about the return of the funds they have invested in its business.Suppliers, creditors, governmental institutions and other external stakeholders need information about the financial performance, the financial position, the liquidity and the solvency of the enterprise.Enterprise’s capital structure is in the foundation of the above matters and of a number of other important matters in the business practice. Such structure is defined by means of the relative shares of different types of specific elements of the capital in the aggregate capital invested by the enterprise.This publication studies the indicators for analysis of the capital structure, and its subject matter is the methodology for analysis of the enterprise’s capital structure.The methods of scientific knowledge are applied for the analysis and evaluation of the enterprise’s capital structure. On this basis, the methodology for analysis of the enterprise’s capital structure is defined as a system of subsequently implemented stages that comprise analysis of the general structure of the capital, analysis of the structure of equity, and analysis of the structure of borrowings. Thus, we achieve the objective of the publication to determine a methodology for analysis and evaluation of the enterprise’s capital structure that is theoretically justified, applicable and useful for the business practice.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODEL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION WITH GLOBALIZATION CONDITIONS
Authors: Radulović Jovana , Milanović Tijana , Jovanović Radica
Published: September 2019

In the conditions of the global economic crisis, technical and technological and social changes, entrepreneurship is imposed as a counterbalance to globalization, due to uncertain market factors and destabilized national economies. One of the world's socioeconomic side effects is global solidarity: a way of thinking about society and the environment that makes ecology along with small and medium-sized enterprises the main parameters of economic reforms on a global scale. Bearing in mind that entrepreneurship represents a specific, tangible approach to making profit in terms of observing and exploiting business opportunities in the market, dictated by innovative, technological and social conditions, companies around the world, and at the level of development strategies of government governments, implement the concept of sustainable development into their business plans , focusing not only on financial gain, but also on the social aspect of having a positive impact on society. The ecological dimension of sustainable development relates primarily to the broader notion of profit making: the ability of society to change for the better in the fields of employment, education, recycling and cultural activities. Companies based on ecological principles are now called sustainable / ecological enterprises, and an economy based on the study of environmental resources for environmental economies. However, the education itself and the development of ethics on the environment in the environment are largely hampered by the development of ecological entrepreneurship, since the destruction of the Earth's ecosystems is not provable with sufficient scientific truth, and on the other hand, global NGOs constantly point to the advantage of an ecological business model as an investment asset because the environmental problem global, and therefore allows for international cooperation, while ecological companies create value in the same way as ecosystems: not producing waste or wasting unsustainable resources.
STAGES IN SOCIAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Dimitrova Preslava
Published: September 2019

The social policy of a country is a set of specific activities aimed at regulating the social relations between different in their social status subjects. This approach to clarifying social policy is also called functional and essentially addresses social policy as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality in society. It provides an opportunity to look for inequalities in the economic positions of individuals in relation to ownership, labor and working conditions, distribution of income and consumption, social security and health, to look for the sources of these inequalities and their social justification or undue application.The modern state takes on social functions that seek to regulate imbalances, to protect weak social positions and prevent the disintegration of the social system. It regulates the processes in society by harmonizing interests and opposing marginalization. Every modern country develops social activities that reflect the specifics of a particular society, correspond to its economic, political and cultural status. They are the result of political decisions aimed at directing and regulating the process of adaptation of the national society to the transformations of the market environment. Social policy is at the heart of the development and governance of each country. Despite the fact that too many factors and problems affect it, it largely determines the physical and mental state of the population as well as the relationships and interrelationships between people. On the other hand, social policy allows for a more global study and solving of vital social problems of civil society. On the basis of the programs and actions of political parties and state bodies, the guidelines for the development of society are outlined. Social policy should be seen as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality between different individuals and social groups in society. Its importance is determined by the possibility of establishing on the basis of the complex approach: the economic positions of the different social groups and individuals, by determining the differences between them in terms of income, consumption, working conditions, health, etc .; to explain the causes of inequality; to look for concrete and specific measures to overcome the emerging social disparities.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN HEALTH CARE
Authors: Tanturovski Igor
Published: September 2019

The consideration of the financial statements, i.e. their preparation, understanding and application in the public healthcare institutions in Macedonia is of paramount importance. The basic data for the financial statements are drawn from the PHI accounting, whereby financial data are provided on the profit and loss accounts, balance sheets and cash flow statements. The financial manager must know how to interpret and use these reports when allocating the financial resources of the institution in order to ensure the achievement of stability in the long run. Finances link economic theory to accounting figures and all health care managers - whether they are in the "production" of health services, sales, research, marketing, management or long-term strategic planning must know what an estimate of the financial performance of the institution
REGIONAL POLICY IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA IN CONTEXT OF EU INTEGRATION POLICIES
Authors: Karaeva Marija , Ashtalkoski Savo , Chungurski Slavcho
Published: September 2019

As one of the priorities of the European Union, regional policy provides a platform for the regions to be proactive in realizing the benefits of integration and due to the additional fact that Republic of Macedonia aims towards EU integration, the goal of this paper is to provide an answer of the question, whether regional policy in Republic of Macedonia is on the right track and if there is a need for certain interventions and changes in the existing legal framework. Within the frame of this paper the problems in the field of regional development the Republic of Macedonia which are the basis for the establishment of regional policy, will be discussed. After short description of the state of the art of the regional policy in Republic of Macedonia, special attention in the paper will be given to the sources of financing of the regional policy in RM. At the end the focus will be put possible software solution for improving the coordination between regional policy with other sectorial policies.