bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migratory Seasonality and Phenology by Birds in a Temperate Forest with Two Disturbance Conditions
Authors: Cruz-Miranda Yessenia , Tarango-Arámbula Luis A. , Escobar-Flores Jonathan G. , Olmos-Oropeza Genaro , Chapa-Vargas Leonardo
Published: July 2021

Objective: The objective was to infer the effect of the variables phenology (migration-non-migration), seasonal (rainfall-dry season), sex and forest condition on the abundances of birds (resident-migratory) in a semi-preserved and disturbed oak pine forest.

Design/methodology/approach: It was carried out in Monte Tlaloc, State of Mexico, under two conditions of apparent disturbance, semi-preserved oak pine forest and disturbed oak pine forest. Ten bird samplings were carried out with "count on point" with a fixed radius of 25 m, covering the 4 seasons of the year and migratory periods. With the previous data, the Relative Abundance Index (RAI) was estimated. To infer the effect of the variables phenology, seasonality, sex and forest condition on the abundances of birds, generalized linear models were elaborated.

Results: The IAR of the birds registered in the semi-considered pine forest indicates that the species with the lowest presence was Aphelocoma ultramarina (0.002) and with the highest frequency Empidonax sp. (0.13), unlike to that found in the disturbed pine forest where the lowest IAR corresponded to Colaptes auratus (0.003) and with the highest appearance was Ptiliogonys cinereus (0.23). The Generalized Linear Model suggested that forest condition and phenology are significantly related to the frequency of species.

Limitations on study/implications: In this study it was found that the abundance of birds was affected by the condition of the forest and that the phenology (migration-non-migration), seasonal (rain-dry season), sex and condition of the forest were related to the abundance of birds. Four species classified as under Special Protection and two Threatened according to NOM-059 were registered as well as the presence of four endemic species which highlights the importance of conserving these ecosystems.

Findings/conclusions: The fauna communities present in Monte Tláloc highlight the importance of conserving the pine-oak forests since this site is part of the Eje Neovolcanico Transversal.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA COMO FERRAMENTA DE PREVENÇÃO A OBESIDADE INFANTIL
Authors: Gobi Marcolan Simone , Cherobini Orth Arlete , Braun Machry Elisa
Published: July 2021

A obesidade vem ganhando destaque mundial no cenário epidemiológico, sendo descrita como um grande problema de saúde pública da atualidade. Sabendo que as maiorias dos hábitos da vida adulta se formam na infância, é de grande relevância o papel dos profissionais que se preocupam com saúde infantil, pois a criação de hábitos saudáveis é uma das melhores estratégias para o combate a essa e outras doenças. O ambiente escolar tem grande influência na saúde da criança, não só pelo longo tempo de permanência, mas também como local de convívio e troca de informações de saúde, considerado o ambiente ideal para implementação de estratégias de prevenção e controle de questões de saúde como a obesidade. Diante do tema apresentado, a problemática de se estudo foi: qual a importância das aulas de Educação Física no Ensino Fundamental II para a prevenção e redução da obesidade? Diante dessa, o objetivo geral foi identificar qual a importância das aulas de Educação Física no Ensino Fundamental II para a prevenção e redução da obesidade. Especificamente, buscou-se: Descrever, a partir da literatura, a etiologia e as consequências da obesidade infantil; Verificar os benefícios da atividade física para a saúde das crianças nas aulas de Educação Física na visão dos professores; Identificar quais atividades são planejadas e desenvolvidas nas aulas de Educação Física que contribuem para a prevenção e redução da obesidade. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são 09 professores de Educação Física do Ensino Fundamental II que atuam na rede pública de ensino de Lucas do Rio Verde – MT, que responderam um questionário referente ao tema. Os resultados da pesquisa reforçam a importância do professor de Educação Física trazer para a sala de aula, em seu contexto pedagógico, a vertente para a saúde, nota-se que o trabalho deste profissional juntamente com a escola e município são extremamente relevantes, para a prevenção e combate ao sobrepeso e obesidade infantil, porém não sendo suficientes sem o apoio familiar. Portanto é importante o desenvolvimento de ações a fim de promover a saúde e prevenção a esta e outras doenças em conjunto com toda sociedade.
An Overview of Micro- and Macroprudential Policy Tools in the EU in the Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic Economic Shock
Authors:   Warsaw School of Economics (SGH), Radek Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

The fi nancial crisis from 2008 and the following Eurozone crisis from 2012 created an incentive to establish a system of fi nancial supervision at the European Union (“EU”) level, due to the fact that the policy tool commonly used turned out to be ineffective. With regards to banking supervision, the package of legislations: “CRR/CRD” and “BRRD” has been adopted as a response to fi nancial system shortcomings, in order to make it more resilient and harmonised. One of the challenges was to take control of the so-called: “too big to fail” fi nancial institutions, therefore next to macroprudential supervision, microprudential policy pools were introduced. This constituted the phenomena of the shift from regulationbased supervision to risk-based supervision with the aim of reducing the systemic risk in each and every EU Member State and, in turn, prevent possible future crises. In this paper, those methods will be gathered, presented, and discussed in the light of the current COVID-19 pandemic crisis.
Young Activists as International Norm Entrepreneurs: A Case Study of Greta Thunberg’s Campaigning on Climate Change in Europe and Beyond
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Heidrich Dorota , Nakonieczna-Bartosiewicz Justyna ,   University of Warsaw
Published: July 2021

The role and significance of young activists in the process of international norm creation, diffusion, internalisation, and implementation have not received much attention in academic research. Yet, as a case study of Greta Thunberg campaigning on climate change has proven, children and teenagers can become significant norm entrepreneurs. Using the theoretical underpinnings of social constructivism, this article identifies and analyses Thunberg’s actions to exhort pressure on states, members of governments and international organisations to further develop and implement norms that would help save the planet from the imminent climate crisis. Our research uses an exploratory and inductive approach in which qualitative research methods (a case study of Greta Thunberg) and discourse analysis are applied.
Big data and their role in the digital economy formation
Authors: Dziamulych M. , Shmatkovska T. , Borysiuk O.
Published: July 2021

Peculiarities of the digital economy formation under the influence of new technologies development and increasing digitalization of business processes in economic systems, resulting in the intensive dissemination of Big Data are investigated in this paper. It is determined that the current stage of the global economy transformation largely depends on the effectiveness of specific tools of software and hardware analysis of various data and requires high efficiency of statistical and econometric methods of investigating the economic processes occurring in economic systems. Hence, the importance of the investigation of the system of Big Data, as those that are constantly received and processed online and create significant impact on various business processes, promoting and accelerating their integration into the digital economy is increasing. It is determined in practice, that Big Data refer to the unlimited set of large amounts of data, are characterized by high refresh rate, and also include very specific personalized and detailed information about the user, making it possible to form models of consumer behavior with high reliability and develop new effective business models, the implementation of which is likely to result in the planned activities success. Thus, Big Data can significantly increase the efficiency and profitability of traditional business, provided it is included in the new system of digital economy. It is defined that at the current stage of economic systems transformation, Big Data are essentially a specific product of the economy digitalization, the use of new computer technologies and consumer behavior in the technologically advanced market, characterized as a digital economy. It is investigated that Big Data should be considered at present as a new digital element of economic analysis, which provides ample opportunities for innovative methods of problem solutions in business processes. At the same time, the use of Big Data largely depends on the combination of various factors, the impact of which is marked by different rates of data flow. Therefore, the practice of application the methods of economic analysis using Big Data under modern conditions is very important while conducting research on economic systems at the macro and micro levels.
“What do they say in Quebec?”
Authors: Dumais Gabrielle
Published: July 2021

This paper examines how non-binary French-speakers in Quebec express their gender identities in speech. I argue that reformist efforts regarding neutral French should include increased attention to how neutral French is done in informal spoken Quebec French, as I examine how current recommendations based on spelling can fail to be taken up in speech, and how regional varieties can sometimes require different prescriptions. Based on a preliminary field study with eight participants who are part of this community of practice, I find that participants did not use any audible neologisms, such as the ones recommended for writing and for other varieties. Not only did they all use gendered language to refer to non-binary referents, although at a much lower frequency than for binary referents, but they also used gender-avoidance strategies in most cases. I also show that third person clitics seem to be the word category most resistant to neutralization or avoidance for speakers of this variety. I argue that these results point to the development of two distinct systems of neutral French, one for speech and one for writing.
The weight of the voice: gender, privilege, and qualic apperception
Authors: Crowley Archie
Published: July 2021

For transmasculine individuals who undergo testosterone therapy, a lower pitch is often one of the most desired results, both for personal affirmation as well as for how a low pitch is gendered by others. This paper explores how members from a peer support group for transmasculine individuals articulate their experiences taking testosterone. During interviews participants discussed their apperception of the acoustic changes in their voices (Zimman 2012, 2018) as well as the recognition of this change by others. In this paper, I explore how their apperceptions of their voices are organized around a cluster of related qualia of the voice (Harkness 2014, 2017) such as “heaviness”, “deepness”, “resonance”, and social “weightiness”. As their voices lower in pitch over time and they are more frequently gendered as men in social spaces, they navigate shifting positionalities of privilege, and I show how their descriptions of their voices naturalize various qualia of the voice, linking “deepness” to the social “weight”, or power, of a voice.
Namık Kemal ve Ahmed Midhat Efendi’de Kadın Köleliğine Bakış
Authors: Atabağsoy Naim
Published: July 2021

Namık Kemal ve Ahmed Midhat Efendi, eserleriyle Osmanlı modernleşmesinin seyrine ilişkin araştırmacılar açısından önemli veriler sunmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada aynı yıl, 1876 yılında kaleme alınan Namık Kemal’e ait İntibah ve Ahmed Midhat Efendi’ye ait Felâtun Bey ile Râkım Efendi romanlarında yazarların, Osmanlıların tecrübe ettiği modernleşme sürecinde kadının toplumsal konumuna ilişkin nasıl bir yaklaşım ortaya koydukları ve esaret konusundaki tutumları karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Şerif Mardin’in Batılılaşma sürecindeki ilk romanlarda üzerinde durulan en önemli iki konudan birinin kadının toplumdaki yeri olduğu yönündeki tespiti ve özellikle de modernleşmeyi tecrübe eden toplumlarda kadının toplumsal alandaki konumunun tartışmaya açılması söz konusu süreçte belirgin bir rol üstlenen iki yazarı, hem de aynı yıl kaleme aldıkları eserler yoluyla özellikle bu bağlamda kıyaslamayı ilginç kılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, Namık Kemal’in İntibah romanındaki kadına, özellikle de esir kadına bakışında daha nesneleştirici bir tutum takındığı, Ahmed Midhat Efendi’nin ise bu konuda daha ılımlı bir söyleme sahip olduğu görülür. Dolayısıyla modernleşme sürecinde iki Osmanlı aydını arasındaki ayrım belirginlik kazanır.
Araba Sevdası Adlı Romanın Yapısalcı Analizi
Authors: Bayraktar Betül
Published: July 2021

20. yüzyılın başında dilbilim alanında başlayıp sonra diğer bilim dallarında da yaygınlık gösteren yapısalcılık 1970’lardan sonra gelişen post-yapısalcılığa rağmen Türk akademisinde edebiyat biliminde hala sıkça kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Her bir metni ortak bir yapı merkezinde ele almanın önemini vurgulayan yapısalcılığa göre metinler önceden belirlenmiş kurallar kapsamında analiz edilmelidir. Bu bağlamda romanlar şu başlıklar altında incelenmektedir: isim-içerik ilişkisi, olay örgüsü, bakış açısı ve anlatıcı, zaman, mekân, kişi kadrosu. Roman tahliline yönelik çalışmalarda sıkça kullanılan bu şablonun eserin anlaşılmasında önemli bir role sahip olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Bu araştırmada söz konusu yöntemin uygulanacağı roman Tanzimat dönemi romanlarından Araba Sevdası adlı eserdir. İlk realist roman olarak anılan Araba Sevdası 1896’da yayınlanmış olup Türk edebiyatı açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Recaizâde Mahmut Ekrem’e ait olan eserde Batılılaşma, aylaklık, züppe tipi, yabancılaşma gibi meseleler de sorgulanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla o dönemde yaşayan belirli bir insan tipinin de izlerinin görüldüğü eser, hala pek çok araştırmanın inceleme nesnesidir. Bu araştırmada ise başlangıç safhasındaki Türk romanın yapısal özelliklerine dikkat çekilmektedir. Sonuç olarak inceleme nesnesi olan romanda yapısal olarak bazı farklılıklar gözlemlenmektedir. Özellikle zaman, mekân gibi bazı hususlarda romanın ardıllarına öncülük ettiği söylenebilir.
Molière’in Scapin’in Dolapları’na Yapılan İki Uyarlamanın Yerlilik Bakımından Karşılaştırılması: Dekbazlık-Ayyar Hamza
Authors: Şahin Emir Ali
Published: July 2021

Komedi türünde sadece Fransız edebiyatının değil, dünya edebiyatında da en önde gelen sanatçılarından biri, şüphesiz Molière’dir. Komedilerinde insanların ve toplumun zaaflarını, yanlışlarını gösterip sadece güldürmeyi değil, eğitmeyi de amaçlayan Molière, hem Türk tiyatro yazarları nazarında hem de bütün dünyada büyük bir teveccühe mazhar olmuştur. Onun bazı eserleri çeşitli sanatçı ve mütercimler tarafından Türkçeye çevrilmiş ve uyarlaması yapılmıştır. Bunlardan biri de Scapin’in Dolapları (Les Fourberies de Scapin) adlı oyundur. Scapin’in Dolapları (Les Fourberies de Scapin), usulsüz evlilik yapan Octave ve Léandre isimli gençleri, içinde bulundukları bu zor durumdan kurtarmak için çeşitli hile ve kurnazlıklar yapan uşak Scapin’in serüvenleri üzerine kurgulanmıştır. Eser önce Dekbazlık adıyla Ahmet Vefik Paşa, sonra da Ayyar Hamza adıyla Âli Bey tarafından uyarlanmıştır. Yapılan bu iki uyarlamayla ilgili birçok araştırmacı fikrini söylemiş, ancak eserler ayrıntılı bir inceleme ve mukayeseye tâbi tutulmamıştır. Scapin’in Dolapları (Les Fourberies de Scapin), merkeze alınıp düz çevirisinden yapılan alıntılarla, uyarlamalardaki karşılığı olan diyaloglardan alıntılar yapılmış, aralarındaki ortak ve farklı yönler gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın sınırlılıkları da dikkate alındığında inceleme ve değerlendirmelerin sözcük sözcük, cümle cümle yapılmasının, amacı aşan bir istikamete gideceği düşünülerek, seçilmiş diyaloglardan hareketle parçadan bütüne gidilmesi yeğ tutulmuştur. Uyarlamalar, belirlenen başlıklar altında “yerlilik” kavramına göre ele alınırken strateji olarak “dil ve anlatım” üzerinde yoğunlaşılmıştır.
Andriake Limanı'ndan Koç Başı Saplı Bir Patera/Tagenon
Authors: Öz Cüneyt
Published: July 2021

Myra’nın liman yerleşimi olan Andriake’deki Granarium’da 2009 yılında yapılan kazılarda ortaya çıkarılan bir adet pişmiş toprak koçbaşı saplı patera/tagenon bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Andriake patera/tagenonu metal benzerinin pişmiş toprak taklidi olarak üretilmiştir. Pateraların testilerle birlikte yemekten önce ve sonra el yıkama ritüellerinde kullanıldıkları düşünülmektedir. Ancak kimi araştırmacıya göre bu eserlerin tava olarak da kullanılmış olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Andriake örneğinin her iki amaç için de kullanılmış olabileceği öngörülmektedir. Andriake’deki patera/tagenon yakın benzerleriyle yapılan analoji sonucunda MS 1-2. yüzyıla tarihlenmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen eserin kil ve astar özellikleri yakın paralelleri ve diğer patera örnekleriyle benzeşmemektedir. Bu nedenle Andriake patera/tagenonunun üretim yeri şu an için belirsizdir.
Kate Chopin’in The Awakening Adlı Romanının Türkçeye Çevirisinde Hitap Biçimleri
Authors: Dinçkan Yeşim
Published: July 2021

Çeviri yazın ve bu alanda yürütülecek çalışmalar bize söz konusu diller ve kültürleri ile ilgili yararlı veriler sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle bir yazınsal yapıtın çevirisini incelemenin birbirinden farklı iki toplumun toplumsal normlarının etkileşimini ortaya koymak için elverişli bir zemin sunacağı düşünülmüştür. Bu noktadan yola çıkılarak bu çalışmada Kate Chopin’in The Awakening adlı romanı ve çevirisinde geçen diyaloglardaki hitap biçimleri hem yazın çevirisi sürecini daha iyi anlamak hem de toplumda dil kullanımının karmaşık yapısını çözebilmek amacıyla incelenmiştir. İnceleme boyunca karşı tarafa hitap ederken adıl kullanımında tek seçeneği olan (you) İngilizceden iki seçenekli bir dil olan (sen/siz) Türkçeye yapılan çeviride hitap terimlerinin rehberliğinde roman çevirisi sırasında çevirmen nasıl bir yol izlemiştir sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Yapılan incelemede çevirmenin seçimlerinin erek dil ve kültürdeki kullanımlarla benzerliği açıktır. Bunların kimi zaman otomatik olarak ana dilimizi kullanırken olduğu gibi doğal bir şekilde kimi zaman da üzerinde düşünerek ve bilinçli seçimler yaparak gerçekleştiğini söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Sonuç olarak, çeviribilim, yazın çevirisi ve toplumdilbilim alanlarının aralarındaki etkileşimle birbirlerini desteklemesi sonucunda oldukça yararlı sonuçlar verebildiği görülmüştür.
Tırgovişte (Eski Cuma) İli ve Yöresi Ağızlarının Söz Varlığı Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Gülvodina Gonca , Doğan Levent
Published: July 2021

Ağızlar, bünyelerinde barındırdıkları çeşitli ses ve şekil özellikleriyle kullanıldıkları dildeki kelimelerin değişimini ve gelişimini göstermede belirleyici bir rol oynamaktadır. Yazı dilinde yer almayan birçok ses, şekil ve kelime ağızlarda karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. Çalışma alanımız olan Eski Cuma ili ve yöresi de köklü tarihî geçmişi, içinde barındırdığı kültürel özellikleri itibarıyla Türk dili ve kültürüyle bağlantılı pek çok özelliğin yaşatıldığı bölgelerden biridir. Çalışmamızda Eski Cuma ili ve yöresi ağızlarında yer verilen söz varlığı unsurları ortaya konmuştur. Bölgede 17 köy üzerinde derleme yapılmış, 40 metin elde edilmiş ve bu metinler üzerinde gerekli incelemeler yapılarak metinlerdeki söz varlığı unsurları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında bölgede kullanılan isim ve fiil türünden kelimelerin on ve üzerinde olanları çalışmaya dâhil edilmiş, bunun yanında yöre halkının kullandığı deyim, ikileme, kalıp söz ve yabancı kelime kullanımları saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, metinler üzerinden tespit edilen bu söz varlığı ögelerinin Türkiye Türkçesi ve ağızlarıyla müşterek olanları belirtilerek karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra bölgeye has bir söz varlığının olduğu da görülmüş ve bununla ilgili örneklere de yer verilmiştir.
Prof. Dr. Vahit Türk Armağanı (2020), İstanbul: Kesit Yayınları, 1188 sayfa, ISBN: 978-625-7698-14-6
Authors: Güvenek E. Serap
Published: July 2021

Prof. Dr. Vahit Türk Armağanı, Prof. Dr. Vahit Türk Armağanı, Prof. Dr. Vahit Türk Armağanı, Prof. Dr. Vahit Türk Armağanı, Prof. Dr. Vahit Türk Armağanı
Hem Vecdî Hem de Fuzûlî Divanlarında Bulunan İki Rubai Üzerine
Authors: Açıkgöz Cenk
Published: July 2021

Aynı şiirin birden fazla şaire atfedilmesi, klasik Türk şiiri araştırmalarında karşılaşılan önemli bir sorundur. Farklı şairlerin divanlarında bazen aynı şiir bulunabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada da hem Vecdî Divanı’nda hem de Fuzûlî’nin Türkçe Divanı’nda geçen iki rubai ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışma bir giriş bölümü, üç ana bölüm ve bir sonuç bölümünden meydana gelmiştir. Giriş bölümünde, bazen divanlarda aynı şiirlerin farklı şairlere ait gösterildiği belirtilmiş ve bu duruma örnekler verilmiştir. Bu sorunun nedenleri kısaca açıklanmıştır. Birinci bölümde, Vecdî Divanı’nı ve Fuzûlî’nin Türkçe Divanı’nı ele alan ilmî yayınlarda, Abdülbâkî Vecdî’ye (ö. 1661) atfedilen birinci rubaiye nasıl yaklaşıldığı ortaya konmuştur. Bu rubainin Vecdî Divanı’nı ve Fuzûlî’nin Türkçe Divanı’nı ele alan çalışmalarda bulunan şekilleri değerlendirilmiştir. İkinci bölümde, Vecdî’ye atfedilen ikinci rubai de aynı yöntemle incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, sözü edilen rubailerin kime ait olduğunun tespit edilebilmesi için rubailerin bulunduğu kaynaklar karşılaştırılmıştır. Çeşitli kaynaklardan hareketle rubailerin kime ait olduğu ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde, araştırmadan elde edilen faydalara değinilmiştir.
O que os brasileiros pensam ser necessário para que se tenha um padrão de vida digno em seu país?
Authors: Uchôa de Oliveira Flavia , Nandy Shailen , Fraga Fernandez Gabriela , Del Vecchio Victor , Spaolonzi Queiroz Assis Ana Elisa , Vedovato Luis Renato
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados do estudo piloto, realizado na cidade de São Paulo, que teve por objetivo a formulação e a aplicação de um questionário voltado à compreensão da natureza e da extensão da pobreza multidimensional no Brasil, a partir da Abordagem Consensual. O questionário foi elaborado a partir de trabalho de campo desenvolvido anteriormente, com grupos focais para a discussão das percepções dos brasileiros sobre as necessidades básicas para um padrão de vida digno. A aplicação do questionário foram possibilitadas por uma ferramenta online, considerando o acesso virtual para manutenção das regras de distanciamento durante a pandemia. A amostra final inclui as respostas de 155 participantes em três bairros da capital paulista. Os resultados apresentam o que é socialmente percebido como necessidade para um padrão de vida digno, além de indicar o nível de privação encontrado nos três bairros, com destaque para o cenário de insegurança alimentar. Ainda, os resultados demonstram alternativas para medir a pobreza de forma democrática no Brasil.

 

Palavras-chave: Pobreza Multidimensional; Abordagem Consensual; Necessidades Socialmente Percebidas; Privação; Insegurança Alimentar
A advocacia em teletrabalho
Authors: De Lacerda Carelli Rodrigo , Gameleira Cerqueira da Silva Jackeline Cristina , Giannini Domingues Carlos Arthur
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo analisou as consequências da pandemia da COVID-19 para a advocacia, a partir de pesquisa empírica realizada com 4437 profissionais no estado do Rio de Janeiro no final de 2020. O teletrabalho foi tratado como uma espécie do trabalho baseado em domicílio, conforme a classificação da Organização Internacional do Trabalho. O estudo demonstrou que a profissão passou a ser exercida majoritariamente de forma improvisada no domicílio dos profissionais, com utilização de diversos instrumentos tecnológicos. A advocacia teve um sentimento ambíguo em relação ao teletrabalho. Houve aumento de trabalho para uns e redução para outros, cujas consequências econômicas também são sentidas de forma diversa, em se tratando predominantemente de profissionais autônomos. A ausência de deslocamento até o trabalho foi apontada como ponto positivo. Aspectos negativos em relação à sensação de piora na saúde e à ausência de contato com os colegas foram ressaltados. Alguns profissionais já voltaram, ao tempo da pesquisa, a realizar as atividades presencialmente, mas ainda mantém parte das funções em teletrabalho, o que pode indicar uma tendência para o período pós-pandêmico. A advocacia prefere a adoção de um regime híbrido ao fim da crise sanitária. A conclusão do estudo é que a pandemia da COVID-19 atingiu em cheio a advocacia, seja em termos econômicos, trazendo crise para a maioria e vantagens para poucos, seja em relação à forma de realizar suas atividades profissionais, realizada quase totalmente com base em domicílio, ou mesmo atingindo fortemente a percepção da saúde física e mental da categoria.
Health Risk Assessment of Black Carbon Emission from Fossil Fuel.
Authors: Khan Md Dulal Hossain , Sarkar Mahima Sultana , Haque Syeda Sadika , Hossain Md Amjad
Published: July 2021

Fossil fuel combustion is one of the major sources of carbonaceous emission throughout the world. In this study, two light absorbing carbonaceous aerosol namely Black carbon (BC) and Brown carbon (BrC) from fossil fuel combustion under controlled laboratory condition was reported. Four different fossil fuels; octane, petrol, diesel and kerosene was taken as samples (Four different fossil fuels; octane, petrol, diesel, and kerosene samples were collected from filling station of Nilkhet, Dhaka City. Two wavelengths Aethalometer (OT21) had been taken for systematic analysis of Black carbon and Brown carbon. BC and BrC particulates were determined in terms of density, concentration, emission and emission factor. The concentrations of Black carbon in mgm-3 for respective fuel samples were kerosene (3.83), diesel (4.59), petrol (7.94), octane (13.18) while concentrations of Brown carbon were kerosene (7.77), diesel (7.98), petrol (13.61), octane (20.46). BrC concentrations were found to be higher than those of BC for all the fuel samples. Average concentrations of Black carbon and Brown carbon were 7.38 mgm-3 and 11.46 mgm-3 respectively. Thereafter, health risk assessment for chronic exposure to Black carbon was done (estimated/ evaluated/ calculated) according to the U.S. EPA human health risk assessment protocol. Experimental results were correlated with the data given by the Exposure Factors Handbook of EPA for assessing carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk associated with BC. Total carcinogenic risk (CR) was found to be 3.27 for adults and 1.34 for children. While total noncarcinogenic risk i.e hazard quotient (HQ) for adults and children were 243.32 and 594.32 respectively. Both CR and HQ values crossed the safe limit given by the US EPA protocol indicating high probability of the occurrence of adverse health effects.

Journal of Engineering Science 12(2), 2021, 23-28
Risk Assessment of Accidental Fire Breakdown in a Residential Area of Khulna City, Bangladesh
Authors: Shama Sadia , Shurid Alif Sanim , Haque Md Nazmul
Published: July 2021

The research aimed at determining the risk of fire hazard of the settlements in the area of Khalishpur, Khulna which is close to three oil depots and two power stations. The maintainence of land use zonal variance is completely absent in this area. The research has followed four stages. First, ptrliminary study was done for choosing the most vulnerable samples, then the factors for identifying the risk index are considered on the basis of hazard, vulnerability and exposure. After collecting the required primary and secondary data, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to identify the weightage of each of those sub-factors.Then the risk equation is used to identify the risk level of each buildings and a map is prepared by using their coordinates and risk level. The study states that, 55% of the total samples are in the medium risk profile.

Journal of Engineering Science 12(2), 2021, 109-118
Acción bioxidativa de cultivos microbianos biolixiviantes sobre la arsenopirita
Authors: Castillo Cotrina Daladier Miguel , Castellanos Cabrera Roberto , Tirado Rebaza Ely
Published: July 2021

La arsenopirita es una fuente mineral para la recuperación de oro puro, sobre ella se emplea la biooxidación, tecnología muy poco estudiada y aplicada en nuestro país a pesar que es de bajo costo, eficiente y amigable con el ambiente.  Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el grado de biooxidación en dos diferentes concentraciones de arsenopirita por cultivos microbianos de colección que previamente fueron adaptados al 1 % de arsenopirita en el medio de cultivo 0K. La arsenopirita se tamizó en un tamice Tyler menor de 200 y se agregó en concentraciones de 8 y 12 % en los biorreactores que contuvieron 700 ml de medio fermentativo (630 ml de medio de cultivo esterilizado con 70 ml de inóculo microbiano). El inóculo estuvo formado por suspensiones de un cultivo microbiano puro y de uno mixto (dos cultivos puros).  La incubación se desarrolló a temperatura de ambiente durante 288 horas con aireación. Se evaluó el crecimiento microbiano, pH, hierro total, hierro II, hierro III y la formación de biofilm sobre la superficie de la arsenopirita. Se determinó que el cultivo microbiano mixto actuando sobre la arsenopirita al 8 % produjo el mayor grado de biooxidación correspondiente a una producción de 8197.7 mg L-1 de hierro III.
THE INFLUENCE OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAKIP IN THE JAMBI PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Gowon Muhammad , Yuliusman Yuliusman , Fortunasari Fortunasari
Published: July 2021

Performance Measurement System (PMS) including Performance Accountability is the obligation of every institution to be implemented accurately and measurably. Government AgencAy Performance Accountability System (SAKIP) which has been regulated in PP no. 29 of 2014 contains regulations of the President of the Republic of Indonesia regarding general regulations for the implementation of SAKIP. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the PMS factors on the implementation of SAKIP in the Jambi provincial government by connecting the 5 factors of the PMS and the implementation of SAKIP that influenced them. Specifically, the objects or parts of local government organizations that can explain this problem are the existing agencies, agencies and bureaus or regional apparatus organizations that are under the auspices of the provincial government. The research method used is descriptive quantitative. The warp Partial Least Square (warpPLS) program is a variance-based data processing program created to solve the problems caused by covariance-based SEM. This study hypothesizes the influence of the PMS factors on the implementation of SAKIP. The activities carried out began with submitting proposals to the Jambi provincial government, which then sought data directly or through third parties. Students as enumerators are used to search for data in the field. Primary data used comes from provincial government officials, while secondary data is obtained using the services of parties who are not directly involved with Jambi provincial government policies. The research was conducted by directly observing the Jambi governor's office and was also carried out using only information technology via the internet network. So that the information obtained does come from data sources that are truly valid, reliable and trustworthy.
WEATHER FACTORS AND AMBULANCE CALLS FOR RESPIRATORY CAUSES IN THE CITY OF PETROZAVODSK
Authors: Rybakov D. S. , Belashev B. Z.
Published: July 2021

Aim: To study associations between selected weather factors on the number of ambulance calls for selected respiratory diseases in the city of Petrozavodsk, Northwest Russia. Methods: Data on the number of ambulance calls in the city of Petrozavodsk were obtained for the period from 2015-2017. Associations between weather factors and the number of ambulance calls for respiratory diseases were studied by correlation analysis. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated. Separate analyses were performed for acute upper respiratory tract infections (J06), viral pneumonia (J12), acute bronchitis (J20) and asthma (J45). An additional analysis was performed for the warm- (14 months with the mean monthly temperature from +9.8 to +18.4 °C) and the cold (22 months with a temperature from -14.9 to +5.0 °C) seasons. Results: The overall number of ambulate calls for viral pneumonia decreased during the study period. Significant associations between air temperature and atmospheric pressure and the number of calls for respiratory deceases, particularly for acute respiratory tract infections. During the cold season the influence of the temperature factor on the number of calls decreased for the most cases except acute bronchitis. The lowest number of calls for acute bronchitis was observed during summers. In summer, the number of calls for acute bronchitis was positively associated with wind speed and inversely associated with mean temperature and humidity. The number of calls for acute respiratory infections was positively associated with intraday increase in barometric pressure and wind speed. In autumn, significant correlations were observed between the North-West wind, which carries air pollutants from the industrial part of the city to the residential area and the number ambulance calls. In winter, an inverse association between humidity and ambulance calls for viral pneumonia was found. In spring, significant associations between the number of ambulance calls for several respiratory causes and cloudiness were observed. Conclusion: Significant associations between weather factors and the number of ambulance calls for respiratory causes were observed in the city of Petrozavodsk. Our results can contribute to better planning of ambulance services in town.
Mineralization Study of Volcanic Rocks in Colo Volcano Tojo Una-Una Central Celebes
Authors: Asrafil Asrafil , Hilmansyah Teguh , Botjing Muslimin U , Yuliastri Eka
Published: July 2021

Colo Volcano is an active volcano located on Una-Una Island, Tojo Una-Una Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. Volcanism and magmatism of Mount Colo are still in progress, and this has certainly triggered mineralization in volcanic rocks which is interesting for study. This research aims to reveal the mineralization characteristics of volcanic rocks in the study area. This research was conducted through investigative methods in the form of field observations and laboratory through petrographic and rock chemistry (X-Ray Defraction analysis) to reveal the presence of alteration minerals as a characteristic of mineralization. The results of this study indicate that the volcanic rocks present are tuff and volcanic breccia in the form of pyroclastic deposits associated with alluvial material and andesite rocks. Identification of alteration minerals through XRD test shows the presence of hydrothermal alteration minerals with a formed temperature of 300 ° C such as Quartz, Calcite, Clinochlore, Albite, Dickite, Andesine, and K-Feldspar which are classified into Argillic and Propylitic alteration types.
“Two bits less” after quantum-information conservation
Authors: Penchev Vasil
Published: July 2021

The paper investigates the understanding of quantum indistinguishability after quantum information in comparison with the “classical” quantum mechanics based on the separable complex Hilbert space. The two oppositions, correspondingly “distinguishability / indistinguishability” and “classical / quantum”, available implicitly in the concept of quantum indistinguishability can be interpreted as two “missing” bits of classical information, which are to be added after teleportation of quantum information to be restored the initial state unambiguously. That new understanding of quantum indistinguishability is linked to the distinction of classical (Maxwell-Boltzmann) versus quantum (either Fermi-Dirac or Bose-Einstein) statistics. The latter can be generalized to classes of wave functions (“empty” qubits) and represented exhaustively in Hilbert arithmetic therefore connectible to the foundations of mathematics, more precisely, to the interrelations of propositional logic and set theory sharing the structure of Boolean algebra and two anti-isometric copies of Peano arithmetic.
PERBEDAAN STATUS KARIES GIGI LANJUT ANAK USIA DINI BERDASARKAN SOSIAL EKONOMI ORANG TUA
Authors: Mayasari Yufitri , Radianto Gyovana Maharani
Published: July 2021

Latar belakang: Karies gigi masih menjadi salah satu penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling banyak terjadi pada anak-anak. Di Indonesia hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2018, prevalensi karies gigi usia 3- 5 tahun mencapai 81,5 % - 90,2%. Karies gigi yang tidak dirawat hingga kedalamannya mencapai pulpa dapat menyebabkan gangguan kualitas hidup anak. Gangguan kualitas hidup anak akibat karies gigi salah satunya disebabkan oleh faktor sosial ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menjelaskan perbedaan status karies gigi lanjut anak usia dini berdasarkan sosial ekonomi orang tua. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain cross-sectional. Pengambilan data status ekonomi sosial dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan pemeriksaan status karies gigi lanjut menggunakan indeks pufa. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari anak TK (n=51). Data dianalisis menggunakan Uji Chi-square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan rerata indeks def-t yakni 6.76, skor rerata indeks pufa yakni 1.67. Uji Chi-square menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada aspek pendidikan dan pekerjaan (p≤0.05) dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan berdasarkan aspek penghasilan (p>0.05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan status karies gigi lanjut pada anak usia dini berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan dan pekerjaan namun tidak terdapat perbedaan berdasarkan tingkat penghasilan orang tua.
Bullous Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mimicking Bullous Pemphigoid: A Case Report
Authors: Yossy Vesri , Akhyar Gardenia , Tofrizal Alimuddin
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is an infrequent but distinct presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in less than 5% of lupus cases. It is characterized by vesicobullous skin eruption in SLE that can develop either before or after SLE diagnosis has been established. Distinguish between BSLE with other autoimmune blistering diseases such as bullous pemphigoid (BP), dermatitis herpetiformis, linear IgA, etc., is very important to prevent misdiagnosis. The physician must be able to combine clinical, histological and immunofluorescence finding for the diagnosis approach. We report a case of blistering skin eruption in SLE patient. Case Report: A 19-year-old female patient complained of tense blistering on her lip, face and wrists since one month ago. She was diagnosed with SLE two weeks ago. The dermatological state showed bullae and vesicle on erythematous/ normal base, erosions, excoriation and blackish red crust on the lip, face, armpit, neck, abdomen and wrists. Histopathological examination of the lesion showed sub-epidermal bullae containing PMN leukocytes consist of abundant neutrophils, only occasional eosinophils and the presence of keratotic plugs. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) of the skin showed linear deposition of IgG, IgA, IgM and C1q at the dermo-epidermal junction. This patient exhibited similar features to both BSLE and BP with tensed clear blisters and subepidermal cleft. BSLE differ from BP by abundant neutrophils found on histopathological examination, whereas BP has abundant eosinophils. Conclusion: Immunofluorescence examination shows linear IgG in BP, whereas linear or granular IgG in BSLE. Establishing the correct diagnosis is important to prevent misdiagnosis and mistreatment.
Mosquitoes: Important Sources of Allergens in the Tropics
Authors: Cantillo Jose Fernando , Puerta Leonardo
Published: July 2021

There are more than 3,000 mosquito species. Aedes aegypti, Ae. communis, and C. quinquefasciatus are, among others, three of the most important mosquito allergen sources in the tropics, western, and industrialized countries. Several individuals are sensitized to mosquito allergens, but the epidemiological data indicates that the frequency of sensitization markedly differs depending on the geographical region. Additionally, the geographical localization of mosquito species has been affected by global warming and some mosquito species have invaded areas where they were not previously found, at the same time as other species have been displaced. This phenomenon has repercussions in the pathogenesis and the accuracy of the diagnosis of mosquito allergy. Allergic individuals are sensitized to mosquito allergens from two origins: saliva and body allergens. Exposure to saliva allergens occurs during mosquito bite and induces cutaneous allergic reactions. Experimental and clinical data suggest that body allergens mediate different manifestations of allergic reactions such as asthma and rhinitis. The most studied mosquito species is Ae. aegypti, from which four and five allergens of the saliva and body, respectively, have been reported. Many characterized allergens are homologs to arthropod-derived allergens, which cause strong cross-reactivity at the humoral and cellular level. The generalized use of whole body Ae. communis or C. quinquefasciatus extracts complicates the diagnosis of mosquito allergy because they have low concentration of saliva allergens and may result in poor diagnosis of the affected population when other species are the primary sensitizer. This review article discusses the current knowledge about mosquito allergy, allergens, cross-reactivity, and proposals of component resolved approaches based on mixtures of purified recombinant allergens to replace saliva-based or whole-body extracts, in order to perform an accurate diagnosis of allergy induced by mosquito allergen exposure.
Germline Stem and Progenitor Cell Aging in C. elegans
Authors: Tolkin Theadora , Hubbard E. Jane Albert
Published: July 2021

Like many animals and humans, reproduction in the nematodeC. elegansdeclines with age. This decline is the cumulative result of age-related changes in several steps of germline function, many of which are highly accessible for experimental investigation in this short-lived model organism. Here we review recent work showing that a very early and major contributing step to reproductive decline is the depletion of the germline stem and progenitor cell pool. Since many cellular and molecular aspects of stem cell biology and aging are conserved across animals, understanding mechanisms of age-related decline of germline stem and progenitor cells inC. eleganshas broad implications for aging stem cells, germline stem cells, and reproductive aging.
Hippo-Yap Pathway Orchestrates Neural Crest Ontogenesis
Authors: Zhao Xiaolei , Le Tram P. , Erhardt Shannon , Findley Tina O. , Wang Jun
Published: July 2021

Neural crest (NC) cells are a migratory stem cell population in vertebrate embryogenesis that can give rise to multiple cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, smooth muscle cells, neurons, glia, and melanocytes, greatly contributing to the development of different tissues and organs. Defects in NC development are implicated in many human diseases, such as numerous syndromes, craniofacial aberration and congenital heart defects. Research on NC development has gained intense interest and made significant progress. Recent studies showed that the Hippo-Yap pathway, a conserved fundamental pathway with key roles in regulation of cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, is indispensable for normal NC development. However, the roles and mechanisms of the Hippo-Yap pathway in NC development remain largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the key functions of the Hippo-Yap pathway indicated in NC induction, migration, proliferation, survival, and differentiation, as well as the diseases caused by its dysfunction in NC cells. We also discuss emerging current and future studies in the investigation of the Hippo-Yap pathway in NC development.
Cross-Sectional Survey of Clinical Trials of Stem Cell Therapy for Heart Disease Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Yang Rong , Zhang Yonggang , Liao Xiaoyang , Guo Ru , Yao Yi , Huang Chuanying , Qi Li
Published: July 2021

Objective: It is important to register clinical trials before their implementation. There is a lack of study to evaluate registered clinical trials of stem cell therapy for heart diseases. Our study used the registration information at ClinicalTrials.gov to provide an overview of the registered trials investigating stem cell therapy for heart diseases.

Methods: We searched ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to October 1, 2020 to identify clinical trials evaluating stem cell therapy for heart diseases. These trials were included in a cross-sectional survey and descriptive analysis. The outcomes included start date, completion date, location, status, study results, funding, phase, study design, conditions, interventions, sex, age, and sample size of those trials, as well as conditions, efficacy, safety and samples of the publications. SPSS 24.0 software was used for the statistical analysis.

Results: A total of 241 trials were included. The registration applications for most trials originated from the United States, and the research start date ranged from 2001 to 2025. More than half of the trials have been completed, but few trials have published results (15.62%). The funding source for 81.12% of trials was recorded as “other” because the specific funding source was not indicated. There were 226 (93.78%) interventional studies and 15 (6.22%) observational studies; among all 241 studies, only 2.90% were phase 4 trials. Most interventional studies used randomized allocation, parallel assignment, and blinding. Of the observational studies, 6 were cohort studies (40.00%) and 73.33% were prospective. The most common disease was coronary artery disease (57.68%) and 98.34% included both male and female participants. The sample size included fewer than 50 patients in 58.51% of trials, and only 18 trials (7.47%) lasted more than 121 months. The registered details were illogical for nine trials (3.8%) that included 0 subjects and two trials (0.8%) that had a duration of 0 months (0.8%). In term of publications of the trials, most of the publications of the trials showed efficacy and safety in stem cell therapy for heart disease.

Conclusion: The clinical trials investigating stem cell therapy for heart diseases registered at ClinicalTrials.gov are mostly interventional studies, and only a few are phase 4 trials. Most trials have a small sample size, and few have a duration of more than 121 months. Most of the completed trials did not publish their results, and some of the registration information was incomplete and illogical.
Heart Valve Biomechanics: The Frontiers of Modeling Modalities and the Expansive Capabilities of Ex Vivo Heart Simulation
Authors: Park Matthew H. , Zhu Yuanjia , Imbrie-Moore Annabel M. , Wang Hanjay , Marin-Cuartas Mateo , Paulsen Michael J. , Woo Y. Joseph
Published: July 2021

The field of heart valve biomechanics is a rapidly expanding, highly clinically relevant area of research. While most valvular pathologies are rooted in biomechanical changes, the technologies for studying these pathologies and identifying treatments have largely been limited. Nonetheless, significant advancements are underway to better understand the biomechanics of heart valves, pathologies, and interventional therapeutics, and these advancements have largely been driven by crucial in silico, ex vivo, and in vivo modeling technologies. These modalities represent cutting-edge abilities for generating novel insights regarding native, disease, and repair physiologies, and each has unique advantages and limitations for advancing study in this field. In particular, novel ex vivo modeling technologies represent an especially promising class of translatable research that leverages the advantages from both in silico and in vivo modeling to provide deep quantitative and qualitative insights on valvular biomechanics. The frontiers of this work are being discovered by innovative research groups that have used creative, interdisciplinary approaches toward recapitulating in vivo physiology, changing the landscape of clinical understanding and practice for cardiovascular surgery and medicine.