bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДІАГНОСТИКА ПОМПАЖУ ГАЗОТУРБІННОГО ДВИГУНА НА ОСНОВІ S-ДИСКРИМІНАНТА
Authors: Tkacheshak Nazarii , Horbiichuk Mykhailo
Published: May 2019

Актуальність теми дослідження. Спектральне представлення сигналів надає можливість виявляти приховані властивості фізичних процесів і, таким чином, запобігти появі ймовірних небезпечних ситуацій. Метод діагностування газотурбінного двигуна (ГТД) на основі S-дискримінанта використовується для розроблення й налаштування засобів захисту газотурбінних двигунів від помпажу та обертового зриву.
Постановка проблеми. Розробка цього методу дасть змогу застосовувати S-дискримінант для раннього діагностування розвитку зривних процесів у турбокомпресорі ГТД, і тим самим визначати певні граничні умови, перевищення яких свідчитиме про втрату газодинамічної стійкості й дасть змогу системам автоматичного керування двигунами вчасно завадити поширенню помпажних явищ у турбокомпресорі ГТД.
Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Були розглянуті останні публікації з досвіду використання схожих методів при діагностиці помпажу та обертового зриву в турбокомпресорі ГТД.
Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Можливість використання методу діагностування ГТД на основі S-дискримінанта для раннього діагностування розвитку зривних процесів у турбокомпресорі ГТД не досліджена.
Постановка завдання. Вдосконалення методу діагностування помпажу ГТД на основі S-дискримінанту.
Виклад основного матеріалу. У роботі проведено дослідження методу діагностування на основі Sдискримінанта. Показано, що цей метод діагностування має певні переваги, серед яких можна відзначити такі: проведення індивідуального контролю технічного стану конкретного об'єкта у широкому діапазоні частот; визначення розладнання машини та її експлуатаційних пошкоджень на ранній стадії; здійснення контролю розвитку несправностей залежно від часу наробітки, що дає змогу захищати машини та механізми від аварійних ситуацій.
Запропонована модифікація методу S-дискримінанта.
Висновки відповідно до статті. Використання модифікованого методу S-дискримінанта в процесі діагностування розвитку помпажу в турбокомпресорі ГТД має певні переваги перед іншими схожими методами діагностики.
The Value Relevance of Aged Goodwill: A South African Study
Authors: Omarjee Fatima Zahra , Yasseen Yaeesh , Mohamed Waheeda
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether goodwill, which is measured in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standard 3 (IFRSÂ 3), is value relevant at acquisition and as time progresses, for a period of two years after acquisition. Using the Ohlson model, 126 JSE firm-year observations were tested. It was subsequently found that goodwill was not value relevant at acquisition date but did become value relevant as time progressed. The possible reasons for goodwill not being value relevant at acquisition are attributed to the manner in which IFRSÂ 3 requires goodwill to be measured, the allowance of provisional values under IFRSÂ 3, and the complexities associated with complying with IFRSÂ 3. Goodwill being value relevant as time progresses is attributed to the subsequent measurement requirements of IFRSÂ 3, in particular the annual impairment testing requirement as opposed to the previous amortisation requirements. This study was conducted in a South African context where limited studies on goodwill have taken place. The results are deemed to be useful to investors and standard setters as they hold implications for goodwill accounting practice and changes to goodwill accounting standards.
TWO HUNDRED YEARS OF METHODISM! A BLACK THEOLOGICAL INQUIRY INTO THE HERITAGE OF METHODISM IN SOUTHERN AFRICA 1816-2016
Authors: Mtshiselwa Ndikho
Published: May 2019

A proverb of the Yoruba people of Nigeria says: â€˜However far a stream flows, it never forgets its origin.â€™ The proverb gives credence to the epochal stories of the human race, and more importantly of the Methodist people in Southern Africa. This article evaluates the history of Methodist people in Southern Africa in the period 1816-2016 from a black theological perspective. First, the paper describes the black theological perspective from which the inquiry into the story of the Methodist Church of Southern Africa (MCSA) is approached, a perspective which is based on the philosophy of black consciousness, the black liberation theology and Methodist theology. Second, the article offers a black theological reflection on selected figures in the history of the MCSA. As a way of concluding, the article considers the prophetic implications of the heritage of Methodism in the MCSA for the Methodist people today.
DEVELOPMENT OF THEOLOGICAL TRAINING AND HERMENEUTICS IN PENTECOSTALISM: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND ANALYSIS
Authors: Nel Marius
Published: May 2019

The article hypothesises that the historical development of Pentecostal hermeneutics is closely related to and illustrated by Pentecostalsâ€™ attitude towards theological training. A short survey is given of the development of theological training within the Pentecostal movement in order to demonstrate how it accompanied a change in the way the Bible was considered during the past century in terms of three phases. For the first three decades Pentecostals had no inclination towards any theological training; they considered that the Bible provided all they needed to know and what was important was not what people in biblical times experienced with or stated about God, but the way these narratives indicate contemporary believers to an encounter with God themselves, resulting in similar experiences. From the 1940s, Pentecostals for several reasons sought acceptance and approval and entered into partnerships with evangelicals, leading to their acceptance of evangelicalsâ€™ way of reading the Bible in a fundamentalist-literalist way. From the 1970s they established theological colleges and seminaries where theologians consciously developed Pentecostal hermeneutics in affinity with early Pentecostal hermeneutics, although most Pentecostals still read the Bible in a fundamentalist-literalistic way âˆ’ as do the evangelicals. Its hermeneutics determined its anti-intellectual stance and the way Pentecostals arranged the training of its pastors. The history of the Pentecostal movement cannot be understood properly without realising the close connection between its hermeneutics and its view of theological training.
AFRIKANER REFORMED MISSIONARY ENTHUSIASTS AND THE VOORTREKKERS: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DINGAANSDAG/GELOFTEDAG AND ALSO THE 1938 EEUFEES
Authors: MÃ¼ller Retief
Published: May 2019

The missionary discourse in Afrikaner Reformed Christianity has been controversial, because it is implicated in the development of early apartheid policies, which were subsequently implemented by National Party governments. This article does not directly concern itself with apartheid, however, but rather with the ideological backdrop against which this policy developed, i.e. Afrikaner nationalism. Afrikaner nationalism was deeply informed by a mythological reconstruction of the Voortrekkers as ideal Afrikaners. For this reason, the 1938 ox-wagon centenary Trek was a formative occasion in Afrikaner, and consequently South African history. What role did the Afrikaner missionary/evangelical discourse play within these celebrations and within commemorations of the Voortrekkers and Geloftedag more generally? With a particular focus on the early to middle twentieth century, this article demonstrates that missionary and evangelical co-optation of this discourse was indeed pronounced, at the centre of the political situation, but also containing an element of surprise and the potential for unexpected outcomes in at least a couple of cases.
DOCUMENTED MEMORIES OF RICHARD MOKO'S LIFE AND CONTRIBUTION: A SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST HERITAGE REFLECTION
Authors: Sokupa Mxolisi Michael
Published: May 2019

The celebration of leaders has not been in the centre stage of Seventh-day Adventist practice. There are several reasons for this: the fear of this getting out of hand, leading to the veneration of human leaders; the contested histories and memories of leaders; and a need to create a distance between the dead and the living. This article reflects on the documented memory of contribution of a Seventh-day Adventist South African pioneer, Richard Moko.
COMMEMORATION, REMEMORATION AND REFORMATION: SOME HISTORICAL-HERMENEUTICAL REMARKS IN LIGHT OF THE 1917 REFORMATION CELEBRATIONS OF THE DUTCH REFORMED CHURCH
Authors: Vosloo Robert Roux
Published: May 2019

In 2017 the 500th anniversary of the Reformation will be commemorated worldwide through various conferences, church and cultural events, and publications, also in Southern Africa. How should we commemorate the 16th-century Protestant Reformation in 2017 in Reformed circles in Southern Africa? Against the backdrop of this question, this article argues for the need of a self-critical reflection on the possible abuses associated with commemorations as such, as well as by a heightened historical consciousness of the way in which past commemorations of the Reformation functioned in processes of identity construction and â€˜otheringâ€™. With this in mind, the article proceeds in two parts. In the first part the aspect of commemoration is problematised by referring to the critique of the possible abuses of memory associated with commemorations, as highlighted in the work of Tzvetan Todorov, also with reference to his distinction between commemoration and rememoration. The second part of the article then turns to some historical documents that give us a glimpse into the 400th anniversary of the Reformation in 1917 in Reformed circles in South Africa, and specifically within the Dutch Reformed Church. This is followed by some concluding remarks.
CHRISTIAN IDENTITY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Magagula Tommy
Published: May 2019

A quick glance at the campus of many a theological college in Zimbabwe reveals the need to entrench environmental ethics which transcend personal and traditional convictions. This paper seeks to be a prophetic voice on this topic by exploring the essentials of Christian ethics and the way in which the entrenchment of such ethics may impede or enhance our stewardship of natural resources. We will explore the hopelessness of religious fatalism and the entrenched beliefs that prevent us from making optimal environmental decisions. The article specifically focuses on the impact of waste management in Zimbabwe. The errors of being short-sighted in our religiosity will be scrutinised, especially regarding the impact of our decisions on environmental management.
On History, Issues, Objectives and Perspectives of Composition Analysis of the Orthodox Cross Pendants Metal Compounds Produced in the Late 16th – 19th Centuries in Siberia and the Far East
Authors: Gorokhov S. V.
Published: May 2019

Purpose. The article is aimed at a comprehensive description of progress in the studies of the metal compounds as the material for orthodox cross pendants found if Siberia and the Far East and produced in the late 16th – 19th centuries. To achieve the purpose, this article contains a historical survey of the studies devoted to the topic, outlines a set of relevant issues and objectives, and identifies most promising directions for further research.
Results. There are few publications related to the composition analysis of the metal of staurographical collections, so the article reviews each of them. The historiographical analysis conducted allowed us to outline a set of relevant issues related to the study of cross pendants’ metal composition. All of the issues were divided into three stages determining the way of resolving them and three groups describing their relation to the task of the historical reality reconstruction: technical issues (e. g., forming a source base, inconsistency of the metal composition in the product body, comparability of results of the metal composition analysis performed with the use of different devices including those based on different physical principles), methodological issues (e. g., connection between the metal composition and phenomena, processes and events of the historical reality, integration of the metal composition analysis results into the general context of archaeological research, development of the chronological scale of alloys) and issues related to the historical reality reconstruction (e. g., determination of casting centers and workshops, classification of cross pendants by alloy composition while using non-ferrous scrap to manufacture cross pendants, identification of products manufactured from fully identical alloys, correlation between the metal composition of cross pendants and their morphological attributes, identification of vintage products, integration of the historical reality data obtained based on the composition analysis of the metal into other aspects of history and archaeology of the objects belonging to the period of the Russian development of Siberia and the Far East).
Conclusion. Our summary of the history, issues and objectives of the composition analysis of the cross pendants metal compounds manufactured in Siberia and the Far East in the late 16th – 19th century has showed that there are conditions for full or partial resolving the issues listed above and subsequent enhancement of the information potential of the staurographical materials to reconstruct the historical reality of the period of the Russian development of the transUrals regions of Russia.
The Question of Increased Growth of Soviet Military Assistance in Afghanistan between 1978–1979
Authors: Rabush T. V.
Published: May 2019

The article examines the issue of increased volume of military and military-technical assistance of the USSR to Afghanistan for about a year and a half – from the end of spring of 1978, when the April Revolution took place in Afghanistan, until the end of 1979 – up until the date of the entry of a limited contingent of Soviet troops into Afghanistan. Based on released top secret Soviet documents, the Soviet Union increased its military and military-technical assistance to Afghanistan becoming increasingly involved in its internal events. During the course of a year from spring 1978 until the spring of 1979 Soviet military assistance to Afghanistan increased very gradually. The number of requests by the Afghan leadership for increasing Soviet military assistance rose sharply after the Herat insurgency, which took place in March 1979. The size of Soviet military and military-technical assistance had grown significantly since the spring of 1979, also after the Herat insurgency. However as is evident from the analysis of Soviet documents, the Soviet Union chose not to resort to direct military intervention for a long time, withstanding the persistent requests of Afghan political leaders not only for providing more military assistance, but also for direct military intervention and the sending of troops. Nevertheless, the result of this ever-increasing military and military-technical assistance to Afghanistan was the Soviet military’s intervention in the civil war of a country. According to the author, Soviet involvement during the events in Afghanistan through the provision of military and military-technical assistance in ever-increasing amounts was due, not least, for the fear of losing a loyal ally on the southern borders of the USSR.
Phraseological Nomination of Age and Experience in the Yakut Language (Comparison with the Turkic Languages of South Siberia)
Authors: Anisimov R. N.
Published: May 2019

In the following article, the phraseological nomination of childhood, juvenile age, manhood and elderly age, life experience are considered in a comparative aspect with the Turkic languages of Southern Siberia (Altaic, Tuvan, Khakass) for the first time in the Yakut phraseology, with the purpose of establishing common and specific traits of these languages, as well as identifying the sources of origin of the basic lexeme components that make up the Yakut phraseological units. The author also employs language material from Turkish and Kazakh languages, ancient Turkic written monuments to increase the probability of finding both linguistic and extralinguistic general and specific trends. Turkic phraseological units are considered in terms of “Yakut language – ancient Turkic, Turkish, Kazakh, Turkic languages of Southern Siberia”. The comparative-historical method and component analysis made it possible to establish as a whole a national-specific phraseological nomination of age and experience in the Yakut language that do not have parallels in related Turkic languages, which in turn confirms the thesis that the formation of these phraseological units has proceeded in the process its development in conditions of non-contact with the last. At the same time, some common ancient Turkic – Yakut, Yakut – Altai-Khakass, Yakut – Tuvinian – Khakass, Yakut – Tuvan, Yakut – Khakass, Yakut – Kazakh phraseological parallels were revealed, which undoubtedly testify that the phraseological system of Turkic languages has common ancient roots. It has also been established that the reference words-components that make up the Yakut phraseological units that nominate the age and experience of a person are predominantly of Turkic origin, and the presence of a certain number of Mongolisms and parallels in the Tungus-Manchurian languages indicates that these lexemes in the Yakut language have arisen because of mutual contacts and interaction. Prospects for the study are seen in the further development of the theoretical basis and methodology of phraseological comparativistics of Turkic languages.
Expanded Component Structure as Manifestation of Constructive Alternativeness of Phraseological Units (on Example of Pechora and All-Russian Expressions)
Authors: Urmancheeva I. S.
Published: May 2019

In the following article, various manifestations of constructive alternativeness of the all-Russian and dialect phraseological units are considered. The main attention is paid to the Pechora turns (that is to set expressions, which are used in dialects of Local Pechora – the speech of radical Russian residents of the settlements located down the river to Pechora and its inflows to Pizhma, Tsilma and Neritsa) having expanded component structure with functionally various components distributors. As a rule, it is lexemes definitions (adjectives, participles, ordinal numerals, possessive pronouns), but also the components performing adverbial or object and additional functions meet. The structure of the Pechora phraseological units sometimes extends also at the expense of verbal components which, however, can represent an obligatory verbal environment, but phraseological unit not to be included. Reduction or increase in quantity of components of a phraseological unit differently influences his internal form and an idiomaticity: increases opacity of a phraseological unit at reduction of component structure and leads to clearing of an internal form at his expansion, and sometimes serves as attempt of national and etymological decoding of an image. The semantic redundancy, a pleonasm inherent in some turns with components distributors. In some cases the specifying component can provoke semantic shifts of phraseological units or promote representation of other mental installations. The practical value of comparison of dialect and all-Russian constructive options (except conclusions about structural-semantic and figurative and pragmatical properties of phraseological units) consists in a possibility of specification of historical and etymological versions and clearings of a phraseological image.
Loan Words in the Russian Language of the Second Half of the 19th Century (On the Material of N. S. Leskov᾽s Letters)
Authors: Zakharova Yu. G.
Published: May 2019

Neology of the Russian language of the 19th century is a promising field of historical lexicology. Russian neologisms of that era are among the main objects of attention for the compilers of the Dictionary of the Russian language of 19th century. Letters of Russian writers represent an important source for the study of neologisms, since in their correspondence with friends, colleagues, relatives, acquaintances, writers responded to changes in the sociopolitical, economic, and cultural life of Russia in the second half of the 19th century, and this was reflected in the language of the letters. We used the letters of N. S. Leskov as our source, in which one can observe different types of foreign language units. Borrowed words are often reflected in dictionaries with great delay. Leskov’s letters offer interesting material for the observation the initial stages of the use of foreign words in the Russian language. In addition, letters allow us to analyze the peculiarities of functioning of borrowed words in the Russian language. The purpose of the study is to identify loan words in Leskov's letters and to analyze their peculiarities in the aspect of the overall dynamics of Russian lexical-semantic system. The article gives the definition of the term «borrowing», and specifies criteria of the emergence of foreign language units in the lexical system of the Russian language. Material of Leskov’s letters proves that they are a valuable linguistic source for exact dating of the emergence of foreign words in the Russian language, and thus they can be used to adjust data dictionaries; and to trace the processes of adaptation of loan words in the 19th century Russian language (the processes of expansion and narrowing of the semantic structure of words, determinologization, metaphorization values).
Institutional Waste within the UK Construction Procurement Context: A Conceptual Framework
Authors: Saad Sarhan  , Christine Pasquire  , Andrew King  , Emmanuel Manu
Published: May 2019

There is a broad consensus among social and economic researchers that ‘institutions’ matter. Institutions influence beliefs, norms and actions; thus they shape performance and outcomes. Interestingly, the concept of institutions is not well established in construction economics or management research, specifically in waste-related literature. This paper presents discussions on the impact of imperfect regulations, norms and cultural/cognitive assumptions that exist within the construction procurement context, and how this has translated into the institutionalisation of wasteful behaviours and practices in construction projects. Based on a critical review of extant literature, the ultimate objectives of this study are to: (1) contribute to the overall understanding of waste in construction by suggesting a novel perspective to the generation and persistence of waste in construction projects; (2) demonstrate how the neo-institutional theory, a branch of organizational sociology, can potentially be applied as an analytical lens to deliver a more explicit theory of waste that relates cause and effect within the wider aspects of construction procurement systems and relationships; (3) highlight a number of widely accepted regulations, norms and meanings that impede efficiency and improvement efforts in construction; and (4) formulate propositions on institutional waste in the process of construction procurement that will be fundamental to the future trajectory of this study.
Functional Expert-based Performance Assessment Models at Organizational Level
Authors: Emad Elwakil
Published: May 2019

Organizations performance assessment is one of the critical aspects in today’s project management research. The performance of organizations can be affected by various factors beyond financial measures. Construction organizations faces difficulty in performance assessment stemming from the uncertain fragmented unique nature of the construction industry. Only few research focused on the non-financial factors that impact the organizations performance. Although many research works have been done to study organization success factors, most of the conducted research was only focusing on the construction project level rather than the organizational level. In addition, most of the research neglected the different perspectives of construction organizations functional units when assessing the performance. The goal of this research is to study the effect of different functional units on the company performance through identifying, ranking a set of critical success factors (CSFs) and build comprehensive performance construction organizations assessment models. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique has been used for the data analysis and the models’ development. The research findings indicated that the CSFs factors in construction organizations have different priorities and weights according to the different functional units. Four assessment models are eventually developed to reflect the unique perspective of four functional units in construction organizations. The developed models have been validated with satisfactory results ranging 80% to 90%. This research will benefit organizations managers to accurately assess their performance according to the different functional units.
Duas perspectivas sobre o professor no pensamento de Kierkegaard
Authors: Souza Humberto Araújo Quaglio de
Published: May 2019

Resumo: Na obra de Kierkegaard, podem ser identificados dois sentidos diversos para o termo professor. Em um sentido substancial, nenhum ser humano pode ser professor de outro. Contudo, em um sentido formal fortemente inspirado pela figura do filósofo grego Sócrates, um ser humano pode estabelecer com outro uma relação de professor e aluno. Este artigo pretende refletir sobre essas duas diferentes concepções kierkegaardianas de professor, com especial ênfase na atividade daqueles que, em sentido formal, dedicam-se à tarefa de ensinar. Palavras-chave: Professor. Conhecimento. Verdade. Ensino. Abstract: In Kierkegaard’s writings, two meanings for the Word teacher can be found. In a substantial sense, no human being can be a teacher to another one. However, in a formal sense heavily inspired by the Greek philosopher Socrates, a human being can establish a teacher and student relationship to another one. This paper intends to present a reflection about these two different Kierkegaardian conceptions of teacher, with a special emphasis on the activity of those who, in the formal sense, dedicate themselves to the task of teaching. Keywords: Teacher. Knowledge. Truth. Teaching. REFERÊNCIASALMEIDA, Jorge Miranda de. A educação em Kierkegaard e Paulo Freire: por uma educação ético-existencial. Vitória da Conquista: Edições UESB, 2013.BIBELEN. Copenhague: Det Dansk Bibelselskab, 2004.BIBLIA SACRA Vulgata. Barueri: Sociedade Bíblica do Brasil; Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2007.JAEGER, Werner. Paideia: A formação do homem grego. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2013.KIERKEGAARD, Søren. Ponto de vista explicativo da minha obra como escritor. Lisboa: edições 70, 1986._______. Philosophical Fragments; Johannes Climacus. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987._______. Migalhas filosóficas ou um bocadinho de filosofia de João Clímacus. 2 ed. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2008._______. O conceito de angústia. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2010.KIERKEGAARD, Søren. Pós-escrito às migalhas filosóficas, v. I. Bragança Paulista: Editora Universitária São Francisco; Petrópolis: Vozes, 2013.PLATONE. Tutti gli scritti. Milão: Bompiani, 2008.STEWART, Jon. Søren Kierkegaard: Subjetividade, ironia e a crise da modernidade. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2017.
Apresentação
Authors: Sezyshta (Organizador) Arivaldo , Vieira (Organizador) Antonio Rufino
Published: May 2019

Apresentação
Verdade e poder em Michel Foucault: um projeto genealógico
Authors: Vieira Demóstenes Dantas , Brito Luan Talles de Araújo
Published: May 2019

Este trabalho, de cunho bibliográfico, visa a analisar a relação entre os conceitos de verdade e poder em Michel Foucault. O texto foi construído mediante reflexões sobre a obra Microfísica do poder, dialogando com outros pensadores das Ciências Sociais e Humanas, tais como Durkheim, Marx, Weber, Bourdieu e Norbert Elias. A teoria de Foucault aparece no contexto acadêmico atual como alternativa para se pensar o poder e suas mais diversas formas de manifestações sociais. A verdade é apresentada como elemento intimamente ligado às práticas sociais que possibilitam a efetivação de dispositivos disciplinares, ou mesmo, de um regime discursivo. Para Foucault o poder é microfísico e não se restringe somente a um seguimento das estruturas sociais, constituindo-se a partir das diversas práticas sociais onde o poder e a verdade são exercidos. As reflexões apontam para a compreensão do sujeito como elemento constitutivo da realidade social e não apenas como epifenômeno da estrutura e das relações de poder. Palavras-chave: Poder. Verdade. Práticas sociais. Michel Foucault.
A ciencia positiva na perspectiva da l’Action (1893)
Authors: Souza Galileu Galilei Medeiros de , Medeiros Emerson Araújo de , Azevedo Elisiane Pereira de , Medeiros Francineide Araújo de
Published: May 2019

o artigo pretende indicar a interpretação de Maurice Blondel sobre a ciência positiva de acordo com a sua L’Action (1893), a saber, que a ciência positiva se constrói pela ação humana, sem a qual não pode se justificar. Partimos da caracterização do que é a ciência positiva, considerando sobretudo o seu método, baseando-nos principalmente em considerações feitas a esse respeito por Karl Popper (2007) e Thomas Kuhn (2013). Em um segundo momento, procuraremos explicitar a argumentação blondeliana sobre o estatuto da ciência positiva, entendida como o resultado de um fecundo comércio entre ciências dedutivas e ciências experimentais, apoiado em uma falha constitutiva.
O pensar na escola: o que pode a filosofia?
Authors: Kohan Walter Omar
Published: May 2019

O pensar na escola: o que pode a filosofia? [the thinking in school: what can philosophy do?]
Online education: key trends and barriers
Authors: Kuznetsov N. V.
Published: May 2019

The key trends and obstacles in the development of education in Russia have been considered in the article. It has been shown, that the education system, formed in the previous technological way, does not meet the needs of modern society. The main modern trend in the development of education is the introduction of digital technologies and in particular the transition from the traditional “classroom” model of learning to online education. This direction is now actively developing abroad and seems prospective in Russia. At the same time, there is a number of obstacles, that significantly inhibit its development. The main one is still not the existing system of recognition of equality of online education to its traditional forms. This problem is typical not only for our country and can be solved at the legislative level by developing the system of legislative regulation and standardization of sphere of education. Another obstacle is the continuing lack of implementation of online technologies in the educational process by educational organizations themselves, due to both the lack of development of the digital infrastructure and the need to train teachers of the new formation, who can work effectively in the digital environment. This problem can be solved by full-scale digitalization of universities with the involvement of both public financing and private investment. The third major obstacle to the full transition to online education is the very low percentage of students, who complete courses successfully. At the same time, opinion polls show, that Russian students themselves are not ready to accept digital education as a full-fledged one. The correction of this situation requires the introduction of technological and organizational solutions in the field of education, aimed at adapting the educational system to the dynamically changing needs of the labor market, individualization of educational trajectories and increasing the involvement of students in the educational process.
6-(N,N)-(Dimethylamino)fulvene: A Potential Precursor for a New Class of Fingermark Detection Reagents for Paper Surfaces
Authors: Wells Jason , Parsons Zachary , Jelly Renee , Payne Alan , Lewis Simon W.
Published: May 2019

The ability to detect latent fingermarks on porous surfaces, such as paper-based documents, is extremely important in resolving criminal cases. Detection methods that target amino acids present in latent fingermark deposits have achieved widespread use due to the binding of these acids to paper fibres resulting in a good representation of the fingermark. This communication is the first report of 6-(N,N-dimethylamino)fulvene (DMAF) as a novel reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on porous surfaces. Through observation of undergraduate students showing poor laboratory hygiene, we noted that exposure to DMAF leads to brown staining on the students’ skin. We discovered that indeed it can develop latent fingermarks on paper surfaces as pale pink impressions, which are luminescent when illuminated at 505 nm and viewed through orange goggles. The procedure is simple, requiring treatment of the specimen with a solution of DMAF in hexane with subsequent heat treatment. Preliminary experiments indicate that DMAF is reacting with the amino acids present in the latent fingermark.
Nickel-Catalyzed Inter- and Intramolecular Carbon-Sulfur Bond Metathesis by Reversible Arylation
Authors: Delcaillau Tristan , Bismuto Alessandro , Lian Zhong , Morandi Bill
Published: May 2019

A nickel-catalyzed carbon-sulfur bond metathesis has been developed to access high-value thioethers. 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane (dcype) is essential to promote this highly functional group tolerant reaction. Further, synthetically challenging macrocycles could be obtained in good yield in an unusual example of ring-closing metathesis which does not involve alkene bonds. In-depth organometallic studies support a reversible Ni(0)-Ni(II) pathway to product formation. Overall, this work does not only disclose a more sustainable and more functional group tolerant alternative to previous catalytic systems based on Pd, but also presents new applications and mechanistic information which are highly relevant to the further development and application of unusual single bond metathesis reactions.
An Efficient Computational Assay for β-Lactam Antibiotic Breakdown by Class A β-Lactamases
Authors: Hirvonen Viivi H. A. , Hammond Katharine , Chudyk Ewa I. , Limb Michael A. L. , Spencer James , Mulholland Adrian , Kamp Marc W. van der
Published: May 2019

Breakdown of β-lactam antibiotics by β-lactamases is one of the most common resistance mechanisms against these drugs. Here, we present a computationally efficient combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulation protocol for hydrolysis of the β-lactamase acylenzyme with meropenem, a carbapenem antibiotic. Starting from the previously published computational assay, we have successfully reduced both the conformational space and the sampling time, which leads to a more than 99% reduction on computer resources needed for this assay (less than 24 CPU hours per reaction). This simplified in silico protocol distinguishes accurately between class A β-lactamases that are able or unable to break down carbapenems. We further demonstrate that these protocols can be used to elucidate mechanistic details of β-lactam breakdown. The new efficient computational assaymay be used to predict carbapenem hydrolytic activity of new β-lactamase variants as they arise, and in identifying routes to development of new, more resilient β-lactam antibiotics or new generations of mechanism-based β-lactamase inhibitors.
An Amphiphilic Polymer-Supported Strategy Enables Chemical Transformations Under Anhydrous Conditions for DNA-Encoded Library Synthesis
Authors: Ruff Yves , Martinez Roberto , Pellé Xavier , Nimsgern Pierre , Ratnikov Maxim , Berst Frederic
Published: May 2019

Herein, we describe the development of a practical catch-and release methodology utilizing a cationic, amphiphilic PEG-based polymer to perform chemical transformations on immobilized DNA conjugates under anhydrous conditions. We demonstrate the usefulness of our ATAC (amphiphilic polymers for transformations under anhydrous conditions) approach by performing several challenging transformations on DNA-conjugated small molecules in pure organic solvents: the addition of a carbanion equivalent to a DNA-conjugated ketone in tetrahydrofuran, the synthesis of saturated heterocycles using the tin (Sn) amine protocol (SnAP) in dichloromethane and the dual-catalytic (Ir/Ni) metallaphotoredox decarboxylative cross-coupling of carboxylic acids to DNA-conjugated aryl halides in DMSO. In addition, we demonstrate the feasibility of the latter in multititer-plate format.
The value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in myocarditis with different clinical presentation
Authors: Stukalova O V , Gupalo E M , Chumachenko P V , Samko A N , Butorova E A , Shakhnovich R M , Mironova N A , Narusov O Yu , Safiullina A A , Golitsyn S P , Ternovoy S K , Chazova I E
Published: May 2019

Objective: to assess the diagnostic meaning of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in various clinical forms of myocarditis. Materials and methods. 11 (8 men, mean age 32.8±11.1 years) patients (pts), hospitalized with suspected acute coronary syndrome, while an acute myocardial infarction was excluded during the examination (group I); 48 pts (31 men, 43.1±12.7 years), with clinical and instrumental signs of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) - group II; and 20 patients (12 men, 39.5±14 years), with episodes of ventricular tachycardia (group III) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). In 38 patients endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) was performed. Results and discussion. According to EMB, signs of active myocarditis were revealed in 10 (34.5%) group II pts and in 3 (37.5%) group III pts; signs of resolved myocarditis - in 8 (27.6%) patients in group II and in 3 (37.5%); minimal morphological changes - in 11 (37.9%) patients of group II and in 2 (25%) patients of group III. In 9 (81.9%) patients of group I MRI data allowed to establish the diagnosis of acute myocarditis. Signs of active inflammation from MRI data were detected in myocardium 5 (10.4%) in group II pts and 7 (35%) in group III pts. In 22 (45.8%) pts in group II and 10 (50%), CMR data corresponded to the picture of resolved myocarditis. In 21 (43.8%) cases of group II and 3 (15%) of group III, MRI revealed minimal structural changes. In pts with clinical and instrumental signs of DCM and/or ventricular tachycardia MRI allows to identify signs of "active myocarditis" with a sensitivity of 37.5% with a specificity of 83.4%. At the same time, in cases of resolved myocarditis and minimal morphological changes MRI has high sensitivity (70 and 71.5%) and specificity (71.5 and 75%, respectively). Conclusion. CMR has high diagnostic significance in patients with infarct-like course of myocarditis. In patients with clinical syndrome of dilated cardiomyopathy or arrhythmias, the sensitivity of MRI in detecting active myocarditis is low (37.5%) with high specificity (83.4%). In cases of minimal structural changes in the myocardium and resolved inflammation, CMR is a good alternative to EMB.
LA BELLE ET LA BETE, DE MME LEPRINCE DE BEAUMONT, EM TRES TRADUÇÕES BRASILEIRAS CONTEMPORANEAS
Authors: Sousa Aída Carla Rangel
Published: May 2019

A escritora francesa Mme Leprince de Beaumont viveu parte de sua vida em Londres como tutora de jovens da aristocracia inglesa, onde sua obra Magasin des Enfants (1757) foi publicada. Essa coletânea inclui um dos contos mais conhecidos de todos os tempos, La Belle et la Bête, e constitui um marco para a literatura infanto-juvenil. Trata-se de uma adaptação didática e moralizante para o universo infantil do conto de Mme de Villeneuve, de título homônimo, publicado 17 anos antes e voltado ao público adulto. Este artigo propõe análise de três traduções brasileiras contemporâneas do conto de 1757, direcionadas ao público infanto-juvenil.
DIFICULDADES NA TRADUÇÃO LITERÁRIA JAPONÊS-PORTUGUÊS
Authors: Sá Michele Eduarda Brasil de
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar dificuldades peculiares à tradução direta do japonês para o português, mais especificamente no que diz respeito ao texto literário. Serão destacados alguns aspectos no que tende a ser considerado como de difícil tradução para a língua portuguesa (onomatopeias, expressões de tratamento, verbos compostos), sendo tais aspectos ilustrados através de excertos de duas obras da literatura japonesa já traduzidas e publicadas para o português: Rashômon, de Akutagawa Ryûnosuke, traduzida em “Rashômon e outros contos” por Marilena Hashimoto Cordaro e Junko Ota, e Wagahai wa neko de aru, de Natsume Sôseki, traduzida como “Eu sou um gato” por Jefferson José Teixeira.
INTERSTÍCIOS DA (IN)TRADUZIBILIDADE NO CONTO O "OVO E A GALINHA" DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Calle Orozco Jhonny Alexander
Published: May 2019

Este artigo parte de uma análise detalhada do conto "O Ovo e a Galinha", escrito por Clarice Lispector e lido no Congresso Mundial de Bruxaria, realizado na Colômbia, em 1975, e na qual integra-se as múltiplas dimensões semânticas do trabalho com as próprias interpretações e atitudes da autora quando o escreveu. Depois, com base no conceito de intraduzibilidade, além de abordar as possíveis traduções que foram (e podem ser) feitas do texto, procuro mostrar como todas estas emergem do interstício que se forma entre o linde da tradução e o começo de uma forma de recreação.
O QUE É IMPORTANTE PARA UMA INTERPRETAÇÃO SIMULTÂNEA EM LÍNGUA DE SINAIS NO CONTEXTO ARTÍSTICO?
Authors: Felício Márcia Dilma
Published: May 2019

Esse artigo avalia quais elementos um público não fluente em língua de sinais considera prescindíveis para interpretação simultânea (IS) de uma narrativa em língua de sinais. Os contos em língua de sinais são performances visuais que constituem uma rede complexa de informações linguísticas e semióticas, gestos e expressões corporais. Analisamos, neste trabalho, as percepções de alunos do curso técnico de tradução e interpretação do IFSC – Campus Palhoça Bilíngue sobre dois tipos de interpretação simultânea (a primeira com muitas informações linguísticas, a segunda com poucas informações linguísticas) de um conto tecido em LIBRAS, intitulado “Sinais no metrô”. O tradutor-intérprete é um mediador cultural e tem em sua tarefa múltiplos desafios, entre eles o de construir no texto oral os aspectos visuais inerentes à língua de sinais. A pesquisa pretende oferecer uma amostra de como um público não fluente em língua de sinais, mas em processo formativo de tradução e interpretação, pode se relacionar com a performance artística e a interpretação simultânea. A investigação mostrou que a maioria dos alunos se sentem mais seguros com IS completa (com mais informações linguísticas). Entretanto, reconheceram que informações semióticas não precisariam ser interpretadas de forma a descrever a sinalização, dessa forma, promovendo o que pretendemos chamar de interpretação simultânea artística (ISA) que seria preservar o contato do espectador com os elementos visuais do texto
“O NOME É O SER” AS NOTAS PREPARATÓRIAS DE ÉMILE BENVENISTE AO ARTIGO “A BLASFÊMIA E A EUFEMIA”
Authors: Silva Silvana
Published: May 2019

A presente tradução tem por objetivo divulgar o trabalho da linguista Aya Ono sobre as notas preparatórias ao artigo “A blasfemia e a eufemia” de Émile Benveniste. A obra de Émile Benveniste vem sendo revisitada e reinterpretada pelos estudiosos brasileiros da área de Estudos Enunciativos a partir de recentes estudos dos manuscritos de Benveniste na França. Em “ O nome é o ser: As notas preparatórias ao artigo A blasfemia e a eufemia” de Ono há uma discussão da elaboração do pensamento de Émile Benveniste sobre as interdições da linguagem e das línguas em suas relações com a sociedade e com a cultura. “As notas” permitem entrever ainda os fundamentos de uma reflexão teórica sobre o próprio conceito de “enunciação”.
TOLSTÓI NO BRASIL
Authors: Bottman Denise Guimarães
Published: May 2019

A bibliografia listada abaixo, após apresentar a literal meia dúzia de publicações em livro anteriores a 1930, vem dividida por décadas e as obras estão arroladas por ordem cronológica, pelo ano da primeira edição.
Gossypiboma: Is it always what it appears to be? A Rare Complication in Everyday Practice
Authors: Sheffer Daniel , Daskal Yaakov , Zahalka Alaa , Arishe Arie , Klein Yoram , Hasadia Rabea , Hebron Dan , Kessel Boris
Published: May 2019

Background: While the management of liver injury is usually conservative, the major indication for surgery remains hemodynamic instability. Different techniques are described for hemostasis in cases which require surgery. Several commercial hemostatic agents are readily available and can be used as an adjunct after the repair of liver injuries. One of the most well-known local agents is gelfoam, which is used in multiple fields of surgery. The purpose of this work is to present a very rare complication of liver surgery in trauma, using gelfoam following hepatic angioembolization, mimicking gossypiboma.
Design: A case study describing a hemodynamically unstable patient who had a penetrating liver injury. Hemo-stasis was achieved by liver suture and gelfoam with subsequent angioembolization. In the post-operative period, the patient demonstrated signs of intra abdominal sepsis due to liver abscess. Repeated attempts of percutaneous drainage failed, and all cultures were negative. Due to a strong suspicion of a forgotten abdominal pad (gossypiboma), the patient underwent an operation and the object was removed. The final pathological report showed no textile in the specimen, the findings were compatible with a piece of gelfoam without signs of absorption.
Conclusions: Commonly used hemostatic agents are made of gelatin gelfoam, microfibrillar collagen, thrombin, and fibrin sealant. Gelfoam is available in sponge or powder form. The sponge can be left in place and is supposed to be completely absorbed in four to six weeks. In the relevant literature, only one case of gelfoam use related to granuloma formation. In our case, the radiologic findings in the liver were interpreted as an abscess. The suspi-cion of a foreign body was raised only during the second admission and thus forced us to operate. There is no clear reason why the piece of gelfoam was not absorbed in that time period. Our assumption is that post-angiography liver ischemia may have disturbed the process of fibrin destruction. The major take home message is that the lack of gelfoam absorption may mimic an abdominal foreign body, and this needs to be considered in post-operative care.