bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Management of Brain Abscess in Bauchi, Nigeria: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Ogunleye Olabisi O. , Muhammad Abubakar S. , Amur Ibrahim , Ogunleye Oluchukwu B.
Published: January 2024

Context:

Brain abscess is an area of focal intracranial infection, which begins with cerebritis and later become capsular stage with surrounding vascularization. The route of transmission is mainly through contiguous structures, hematogenous spread, and complication of traumatic brain injury. Brain abscess continues to pose great challenges in diagnosis and treatment in both developed and developing countries. We investigated the demography, clinical presentations, laboratory, and factors associated with the outcomes.

Aims:

To review the patients with brain abscess that were managed in our hospital and to determine the factors that predict the outcomes.

Setting and Design:

Retrospective cross-sectional design.

Methodology:

We conducted a study on twenty-nine patients who had surgical treatment for intracerebral brain abscess in our facility between September 2018 and September 2022. Demography, clinical features, laboratory findings, and outcomes of the patients were analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Categorical data were analyzed with the Chi-square, and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify predictive factors for the outcomes of the patients.

Results:

Twenty-nine patients had surgical drainage of intracerebral abscess in various locations. Male-to-female ratio is of 2.2:1. Most intracranial abscesses, that had surgical intervention occurred in the 2nd and 4th decade of life, with each accounting for 31%. The predisposing factors were mainly chronic otitis media (28%), chronic sinusitis (14%), post-meningitis (24%), and post-TBI (17%). All the patients had headache, and only 24% of them had seizure at presentation. Positive bacterial culture was seen in 31% of the patients. Sex and the presence of headache were independently associated with poor outcome with P value of 0.005 and 0.033, respectively.

Conclusion:

Prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment are key to improving prognosis. Most of our patients had good outcome. However, sex and headache as factors are poor predictors of poor prognosis.
Antipsychotics: Past, Present, and Future (Part 2): Article 2 of 3
Authors: Levenson Steven
Published: January 2024

The history of antipsychotics in nursing facilities is one piece of a much larger, more complex puzzle. In many ways, it reflects the virtues and limitations of the entire health care system and those who provide care. None of the issues related to the use of antipsychotics are specific to these medications or to nursing facilities. After decades of effort to reduce unwarranted antipsychotics use, the current situation is still a work in progress. Many widely held assumptions and standard narratives, such as those about behavior, the place of medications in person-centered care, and the causes of inappropriate medication use are only partially correct. This second of three articles is not intended to discuss how to diagnose and manage behavior disorders or choose medications. Instead, it addresses the diverse perspectives and key players that have been involved and the results of their efforts. Ultimately, this will set the stage for specific recommendations (part 3) about learning from past efforts surrounding antipsychotics to identify more definitive and lasting improvements in the future. Part 1 of this series covered the history of attempts to influence use of medications—especially, antipsychotics—in nursing facility care of residents with behavior, mood, and cognitive issues. These improvement efforts can be described as fragmented, often ineffectual, and politically fraught. After decades of effort, and despite a significant reduction in the indiscriminate use of antipsychotics, psychotropics are still widely used in nursing facilities.1The extent of improvement overall in managing individuals with dementia and other diverse behavior, mood, and cognitive issues is unclear.
Lecanemab-irmb (Leqembi™) for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Gettman Lana
Published: January 2024

Lecanemab-irmb (Leqembi™) is an amyloid beta-directed antibody indicated for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is an irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 6.5 million Americans 65 years of age and older and it is projected
to rise to 14 million by 2060. As the disease progresses, it deteriorates short-term memory and thinking skills and, eventually, the ability to perform simple tasks of daily living. The cost of care for AD patients in the United States is estimated at more than $183 billion every year.
Effect of Pharmacist-Led Training on Adherence and Practice of Inhaler Use: A Pre‐Post Interventional Study in Outpatients With Asthma at Hue University Hospital
Authors: Phan Anh Dang Thuc , Ngo Thi Kim Cuc , Le Chi Van , Nguyen Phuoc Bich Ngoc , Nguyen-Thi-Y Nhi , Vo Thi Hong Phuong
Published: January 2024

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led intervention on improving adherence and practice of inhaler use in outpatients with asthma at a hospital in Vietnam. Methods A pre-post interventional study was conducted at Hue University
Hospital. An adapted checklist for both metered-dose inhalers and/or dry powder inhalers was used to evaluate the inhaler technique. Adherence was assessed by using the Test of Adherence to Inhalers questionnaire. The means of interventions comprised “Face-to-face training,” “Creating
the leaflet for patients,” and “Watching guidance video.” Results The number of participants with complete data was 79. Before the intervention, 54.4% of patients had misused inhalers, especially inappropriate posture when using devices (70.2%) and not
exhaling before inhalation (46.8%). Non-adherence accounted for 55.7% of patients, and the erratic pattern was the highest, with 83.5%. The intervention had remarkably raised the number of good practice and good adherence patients after three months (P < 0.001). Conclusion
Pharmacist-led intervention has a positive impact on improving the adherence to inhalers and inhalation techniques of patients with asthma. Practice Implications The pharmacist-led education model could be considered as an effective and feasible solution for asthma
management in outpatients and better medication use. Key Points (1) The most frequently observed mistakes in this study were inappropriate posture and inhalation skill when using devices. (2) Pharmacist-led training remarkably improved patients’ practice of inhaler
use as well as medication adherence.
Mierzanowice culture material from Spišský hrad
Authors: Madej Paweł , Stejskal  , Kučerová
Published: January 2024

The Spiš Castle (Spišský hrad) hill (632 a.s.l.) is located administratively within the village of Žehra, Spišská Nová Ves district, the northern part of eastern Slovakia, in the historic region of Spiš. Since the 12th century, the top of the hill has become the seat of a vast royal castle complex as the seat of the Spiš Komitat (County). It is a multicultural place, that has already been inhabited in prehistoric times. For many years there have been excavation works done here that yielded a substantial amount of archaeological material including artefacts dated before the building of the castle. However, due to numerous reconstructions of Spišský hrad involving repeated earthworks, this material is located within the secondary deposit. These discoveries include a relatively small ceramics inventory with features typical of the Mierzanowice culture groups from the eastern part of the Polish Carpathians. The most numerous in this collection are fragments of ceramics referring directly to the inventories known from the late-Mierzanowice-culture assemblages. This indicates the presence of zonal cord ornaments formed in a wavy line, with negatives of cord imprints inclined to the right, knobs with incisions, presence of the triangle-shaped stamp ornamentation, Besenstrichmuster-type roughening of the belly as well as pseudo-textile ornament. In the ceramics inventory from Spišský hrad, we can indicate pottery fragments, which can be linked with the older phases of the Mierzanowice culture development. This is proven by the presence of carpet cord ornamentation with the negatives of cord imprints inclined to the left and the zonal cord ornamentation inclined to the left as well. The analysis of the Spišský hrad inventory indicates that we can identify here the direct references to the Mierzanowoice culture assemblages from the San river valley, i.e. the eastern part of the Polish Carpathian zone as well as the area between the Raba and Vistula rivers, located further west.
„Ścieg mrówki w trawie”. O zwierzętach w twórczości Kornela Filipowicza i Wisławy Szymborskiej
Authors: Rozmus Jacek
Published: January 2024

“Ants stitching in the grass”. On animals in the works of Kornel Filipowicz and Wisława Szymborska

Research on Wisława Szymborska’s poetry considers Kornel Filipowicz’s prose only to a small extent. Agnieszka Rydz does mention the author of To kill a deer! but her reflection concerns the landscape of memory, whereas Szymborska’s lyrical sceneries, interpreted in the zoocritical perspective, turn out to be akin to Filipowicz’s literary ecosystems. What testifies to that is among others artistic and axiological consequences of presenting human in interactions with wildlife, which was pointed out by Stanisław Burkot in the context of Alfred Adler’s findings. What points to the relation is also the geopoetics of those territories, which, according to Elżbieta Feliksiak, are conducive to reflections stemming from “being in the landscape”. It is in them, both in Filipowicz’s and the authoress of Parting with a View’s works – according to Krystyna Pietrych – that the border between the worlds of humans and animals is constantly being crossed. Literary, but also ontological properties of the mentioned borders, can be determined by taking into consideration the Umwelt category, introduced into research on animal behavior by Jakob von Uexkűll. Used by Alexandra Horowitz to describe the relation between man and dog, it allows to trace literary connections between Kornel Filipowicz, Wisława Szymborska and Thomas Mann.
Wizerunek Matki Boskiej w perspektywie antropologii kulturowej na podstawie kresowych pieśni sanktuaryjnych
Authors: Wilgucka Małgorzata
Published: January 2024

The image of the Mother of God in the perspective of cultural anthropology based on Borderlands sanctuary songs

The article deals with the issue of the creation of the image of the Mother of God in religious songs in the publication of Szymon Wilk, Borderlands sanctuary songs. Source edition of texts in Polish from the years 1645‒1939 (Sandomierz 2021). The analysis of Marian denominations is based on the broadly understood context of cultural anthropology and cognitive science.
Amerykanka w Medyce. Elizabeth Munk Clark i Pawlikowscy
Authors: Jakubowski Bartosz , Pudłocki Tomasz
Published: January 2024

An American in Medyka. Elizabeth Munk Clark and the Pawlikowski family

The presented source edition discusses unknown letters of American translator and grant-holder of the Kościuszko Foundation in Poland in the 1930s, Elizabeth Munk Clark (1908–2001). They are concerned with her stay in Medyka and her cooperation with Michał Pawlikowski, translating his novel Change Your Bodies from Polish into English. In her letters to her parents, her fiancé Ernest Reiss and to Pawlikowski, Clark shares her observations from the summer of 1932, describing not only the Medyka residents and the work on translation, but also Cracow, Americans staying there as well as her impressions of daily life in Poland. It hardly ever happens that the same or similar things get described by one person in letters to three different recipients. That is why this correspondence, so far completely unknown, is worth introducing to a broader circle of readers.
Klepsydra w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku – ujęcie genologiczne. Prolegomena (na materiale krakowskich kartek pogrzebowych)
Authors: Steczko Iwona
Published: January 2024

Obituary in the first half of the 19th century ‒ genological approach. Prolegomena (based on Krakow funeral notices)

The study is rooted within the research trend of historical genology, concentrating on a certain type of funeral statement (obituary) at an early stage of its development. The research material is a collection of obituaries (500 texts) dating from 1810‒1850, from the collections of the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow. Presented preliminary research results prove that the obituary is a polysemiotic type of statement, a generic variant of a funeral request with a clear construction pattern, including two compositional types.
How Brazilian Carnival Became a Business
Authors: Prestes Filho Luiz Carlos
Published: January 2024

Carnival celebrations represent the image of Brazil, its national identity and the country’s potent «soft power». Carnival, whose origins date back to the 18th century as a celebration of Portuguese settlers from the Azores, the Cape Verde Islands and Madeira, has become an indispensable feature of national policy and economy. In the 1960s, when samba school parades started being televised and grandstands were built for the public, Brazilian Carnival has transformed into a lucrative business. With the construction of the Sambodrome in 1983, designed by the architect Oscar Niemeyer, and the creation of the «Samba City» in 2006, Brazilian Carnival has become the grandest entertainment show on Earth.
From words to text – academic writing in EFL classrooms
Authors: Balle Søren Hattesen , Olsen Merete
Published: January 2024

This article will take its point of departure in the following questions: 

- Why work with academic writing and CLIL in EFL classrooms? 

- How to support the development of EFL students’ academic writing skills through a focus on a CLIL approach, subject-specific vocabulary, meaningful text production and authentic audiences? 

Today’s children are both learners of language and users of language in the learning process (Scarino & Liddicoat, 2009). Theory on modern language teaching revolves around how to make academic writing authentic, meaningful, and motivating for schoolchildren to help them become competent text producers (Hyland & Tse, 2007; Gibbons, 2009; Nagy & Townsend, 2012, Thise & Vilien, 2019) 

The article will be organised around a discussion of the potentials of working with CLIL (Coyle, Hood & Marsh, 2010), vocabulary development and authentic academic communication (Henriksen, 2019) where language teaching functions as a means of developing children’s academic writing skills across subject-specific content areas. The focus will be put on how to bridge the gap between vocabulary learning and text production and how to communicate effectively with peers in authentic academic contexts. 

After this theoretically founded introduction to the above key issues, findings deriving from the NCFF project “Building More Vocabulary – Building More Communicative Competence” will be unfolded. Emphasis will be put on vocabulary learning in relation to the increasing requirements of a larger and more nuanced vocabulary outside everyday colloquial language in today’s societies. This to support children’s ability to become future partakers of the international dialogue about important global challenges.
Comparing language ideology, policy and pedagogy – implications for student outcomes in CLIL and immigrant education
Authors: Reierstam Helena
Published: January 2024

As linguistic diversity is increasing in many classrooms, teachers across disciplines and educational levels are more often faced with students of different language backgrounds and needs. Concomitant with educational initiatives to develop students’ foreign language skills and multilingual repertoires, urgent needs to fast forward immigrant students’ proficiency in the language of instruction are calling for the attention of educators and policy makers. By comparing and contrasting educational contexts involving content and language integrated learning (CLIL) and mainstream education of newly arrived immigrant students (NAS), this article seeks to bring language policy and its underlying ontology to the fore, highlighting its implications for pedagogy and educational outcomes, as well as for individual students and society. The focus is on the role of language in relation to content, hence a discussion on different variants of language integrated approaches, i.e. CLIL, English medium instruction (EMI) and immersion, to see how the education of immigrants relate to those. The article lends examples from a Swedish comparative research study on teachers’ experiences with language learners in CLIL and among NAS. The contexts differ in some respects, but as this text will argue, the questions of shared character and interest are many, some of which refer to matters of fairness and comparability in education. Teachers in both contexts are struggling with how to handle limitations in students’ academic language skills and students not learning disciplinary content with the same depth and complexity as they might have done if the students had been using their first language, issues which are emphasized in assessment. At the same time as curricula and assessment imply standardized learning outcomes and target language, current discourse advocates translanguaging, leaving many teachers disillusioned as they find incompatibility between students’ flexible use of their linguistic resources and standardized assessment expectations.
Recalibrating the Language Classroom for Deeper Learning: Nurturing Creative, Responsible Global Citizenship Through Pluriliteracies
Authors: Meyer Oliver , Coyle Do
Published: January 2024

In Beyond CLIL: Pluriliteracies Teaching for Deeper Learning (Coyle & Meyer, 2021), the traditional role of language teaching and learning is brought into question. We propose an alternative paradigm that places the language teacher as a disciplinary specialist who contributes significantly to the development of learners’ pluriliteracies repertoire. In this article, we suggest ways in which language teachers can reconceptualise their "subject" as one that is of central importance and value in our post-truth world. We posit that this requires not only an epistemic repositioning of the language classroom but, crucially, a profound and deliberate recalibration of the component parts of language-as-discipline. This involves connecting languages, cultures and literatures in ways that foster textual and epistemic fluency leading to deeper understanding and empathy. From this perspective, the "language-as-literacies classroom" has the potential to become an inclusive space for deeper learning whilst developing creative, responsible global citizenship.
Residuos sólidos urbanos, recicladores y Objetivos de Desarrollo Sustentable
Authors:   Universidad Nacional, Rosales Mendoza Ronaldo , Meinguins de Lima Aline Maria ,   Universidad Federal de Pará
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre los Residuos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU) y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sustentable. Metodología: Las respuestas se construyeron con informaciones del período 1991-2020 del Índice de Desarrollo Humano Municipal y los resultados de la investigación de saneamiento del Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística. Los datos de texto fueron lematizados usando el software de IRAMUTEQ, la técnica DELPHI fue aplicada en la consulta a especialistas y usuarios relacionados con los RSU en el período 2019-2022. Los indicadores facilitaron el uso de la Tabla de Implementación de la Función de la Calidad (Quality Function Implementation). Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran la correlación entre los RSU y los ODS, por los vectores antropogénico y tecnológico evidenciando el problema socioeconómico de la población vulnerable. Originalidad: la situación que puede ser corregida, más allá de las políticas públicas valorizando el trabajo de los colectores-clasificadores de residuos y generándoles condiciones de “empleo verde” en el mundo.
Shared and unique transcriptional changes in the orbitofrontal cortex in psychiatric disorders and suicide
Authors: O'Donovan Sinead , Ali Suleiman , Deng William , Patti Gurnoor , Wang Joshua , Eladawi Mahmoud , Imami Ali
Published: January 2024

Psychiatric disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and bipolar disorder (BPD), represent a significant global public health concern. Sex differences in the prevalence and presentation of psychiatric disorders, and the association of a psychiatric diagnosis with increased risk of suicide, are well-established. However, the neurobiology underlying these features of disease are not well understood. Dysfunction of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a brain region responsible for decision-making and sensory processing, has been implicated in psychiatric disorders but remains understudied compared to other frontocortical brain regions.

 In this study we investigated sexual dimorphism in psychiatric illnesses and suicide by analyzing publicly available OFC transcriptional profiles (RNAseq data obtained from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium) from individuals with SCZ, BPD, MDD, and non-psychiatric controls (n=15/group).  

Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed significant differences in immune-related processes in male and female comparisons and in psychiatric disorders relative to controls. Analysis of top differentially expressed genes found changes in P2RY12 in males and females who died by suicide. Additionally, downregulation of protein folding processes was observed in female suicide subjects, suggesting an association between dysregulated protein metabolism and suicide. Our results further our understanding of the shared and unique molecular pathways underlying psychiatric disorders and suicide.
Possibility of Using a Geopolymer Containing Phase Change Materials as a Sprayed Insulating Coating - Preliminary Results
Authors: Michał Łach  , Agnieszka Bąk  , Kinga Pławecka  , Maria Hebdowska-Krupa
Published: January 2024

Geopolymers have been known for decades and classified as inorganic polymers, characterized by high resistance to high temperatures. They can be successfully used for the thermal insulation of buildings, especially in the foamed form. The addition of phase change materials (PCMs) in such materials may also increase the heat capacity of the materials, therefore, using them for building cladding can increase the thermal comfort of the building and prevent it from overheating. This study tests the addition of PCMs to geopolymers by spraying and presents the results. Additionally, the study includes preliminary experience concerning the technology of applying these materials, along with selected test results that assess the properties of the produced coatings. The results indicate that the addition of PCMs in the amount of 15% can increase the heat capacity of geopolymer materials by about 150-180%, and the foamed geopolymer coatings produced have a thermal conductivity in the range of 0.07-0.09 W/mK.
Environmental Odor Analysis in West and East Java’s Ambient Air and Odor Reduction Using Biofilter Model
Authors: Adinda Rizki Virginia  , Arief Sabdo Yuwono  , Chusnul Arif
Published: January 2024

The odor affects both one’s health and quality of life. This study measures and analyzes odor concentration and odor sources in ambient air, the correlation between odor gas concentration and the hedonic scale, and the design of an odor-reduction instrument. The research commenced from February to May 2022 in the small industrial area (SIA) of Magetan Regency and compost bins of Bogor City. Data was collected through chemical analysis, and the hedonic scale was measured at four points divided into radii one and two. The concentration of odor parameters in Magetan and Bogor City is below the quality standard, while the correlation between ammonia gas concentration and the hedonic scale is low. Regarding the biofilter, its odor reduction efficiency is 35% for rotten fish, 70% for goat manure, 82% for compost waste, and 47% for chicken carcasses.
A CASE REPORT ON THE ROLE OF CHANDANA AND TRIPHALA IN MUKHADUSHIKA
Authors: Prajna.R Bhat , Sridevi J.
Published: January 2024

Introduction
Mukhadushika(Pimples) is a prevalent problem among youngsters nowadays. However, teenagers and women of
various age groups also need help with the same situation. This issue can be linked to a poor digestive system or
improper food habits and lifestyle, leading to the accumulation of doshas in the body. Tvak(skin), being an
Upadhatu of Rasa, becomes an excellent platform for expressing Dushyas in Mukha pidakas.
Fine-Tuning of a Voice Production Model to Estimate Impact Stress Using a Metaheuristic Method
Authors: Calvache-Mora Carlos-Alberto , Soláque Leonardo , Velasco Alexandra , Peñuela Lina
Published: January 2024

Introduction. In vocal production models employing spring-mass-damper frameworks, precision in determining damping coefficients that align with physiological vocal fold characteristics is crucial, accounting for potential variations in the representation of viscosity-elasticity properties.
Objective. This study aims to conduct a parametric fitting of a vocal production model based on a mass-spring-damper system incorporating subglottic pressure interaction, with the purpose of accurately modeling the collision forces exerted by vocal folds during phonation.
Method. A metaheuristic search algorithm was employed for parametric synthesis. The algorithm was applied to elasticity coefficients c1 and c2, as well as damping coefficients ε1 and ε2, which directly correlate with the mass matrices of the model. This facilitates the adjustment of fold composition to achieve desired physiological behavior.
Results. The vocal system's behavior for each simulation cycle was compared to a predefined standard under normal conditions. The algorithm determined the simulation endpoint by evaluating discrepancies between key features of the obtained signals and the desired ones.
Conclusion. Parametric fitting enabled the approximation of physiological vocal production behavior, providing estimates of the impact forces experienced by vocal folds during phonation.
Surveying Colombian Speech-Language Pathologists on their Reported Training & Practices of Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice
Authors: Peña Sanchez Martha , Delprado-Aguirre Fernando
Published: January 2024

Objective. To explore the training and use of auditory perceptual evaluation of the voice reported by Colombian speech-language pathologists.
Study Design. Cross-sectional observational research with a quantitative approach.
Methods. A digital questionnaire was designed and distributed to gather information regarding professionals' training process and implementation of auditory-perceptual evaluation procedures. Descriptive statistics were applied, and several generalized linear models were adjusted to determine the influence of certain variables on others.
Results. The survey received responses from 40 speech-language pathologists, revealing that the most used scales for training and evaluating vocal quality within this group are direct magnitude estimations (82.5% and 77.5%). Similarly, in this group, the tasks most frequently used to train and use as an evaluation strategy are vowel assessments (38%) followed by spontaneous speech (30%). Practitioners of this group were mostly trained using a conceptual framework involving multiple exposures to rating (42.5%). The use of direct magnitude estimation in training with a normal voice showed significance (p = 0.015), as did the use of the vowel /i/ in training with an equal-appearing interval (p = 0.013). The statistical models relating the scale used to the scale on which participants were trained were also significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. The GRBAS scale is the training tool most used by the group of speech-language pathologists of the study group in Colombia. Future efforts should focus on improving training practices for auditory-perceptual evaluation, exploring alternative conceptual frameworks, and incorporating external references to enhance validity and reliability.
Shortened and punctured codes
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, FMI, Bouyuklieva Stefka
Published: January 2024

The hull of a linear code is the intersection of the code with its orthogonal complement. We study the relation between the hulls of a linear code, its shortened codes and its punctured codes.
Chatbots: history, technology and application in higher education
Authors:   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Shumen University, Stoyanova Teodora , Stoyanov Stoyan
Published: January 2024

Over the past year, the high interest in ChatGPT has encouraged researchers to look for more opportunities to implement conversational AI. The use of chatbot technology in education is one of the new challenges for both educators and students. The purpose of this study is to present the most recent and widely used applications of chatbots in education.
The project approach – a factor for improving church temples
Authors:   Faculty of Humanities, Shumen University, Stoyanova Ilonka
Published: January 2024

Today, projects have become the primary way to structure work in many organizations. The article presents European programs through which ways can be sought for a more rational solution to problems related to the improvement of church properties, outlines the possibilities of the project approach in the Orthodox Church, and concludes that the implementation of projects for the reconstruction and renovation of church temples is a key factor in the improvement of church properties. They are sustainable because the activities continue after the end of the projects, both for the target group and for the applicant organization.
ANTIPSICÓTICOS USADOS EM IDOSOS NO TRATAMENTO DE ESQUIZOFRENIA
Authors: LANDIM ELANE CRISTINA SILVA , SILVA EVANDRO ROGÉRIO DA SILVA , SILVA GERLANE GUEDES DELFINO DA SILVA , FERREIRA SARAH REBECA DANTAS FERREIRA
Published: January 2024

A esquizofrenia é uma doença mental crônica a qual desencadeia sintomas que podem ocorrer com gravidade variável em diferentes pacientes. Afeta cerca de 0,6% da população. A causa dessa enfermidade ainda é desconhecida. Alucinações, delírios, apatia, desmotivação pelas atividades diárias, déficits cognitivos, são alguns dos sintomas que esses pacientes podem apresentar. O tratamento do paciente idoso esquizofrênico se torna mais complexo, em virtude de muitas vezes o mesmo está fazendo uso de medicamentos para tratar outras enfermidades. O objetivo desse estudo foi realizar um levantamento bibliográfico acerca do uso de antipsicóticos em idosos com esquizofrenia e as características particulares da esquizofrenia presentes nessa faixa etária. Para tanto, foi feita uma revisão sistemática. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed e Science direct utilizando os descritores “Schizophrenia”, “Elderly”, “Antipsychotics” com operador booleano AND. Foram incluídos trabalhos escritos em português ou inglês, publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Antipsicóticos de segunda geração amplamente prescritos foram olanzapina e quetiapina, enquanto relativamente menos indivíduos receberam aripiprazol e clozapina. Os antipsicóticos de primeira geração utilizados foram clorpromazina, trifluoperazina e haloperidol. Em termos de adesão à terapia, a paliperidona foi associada a menos abandonos. A olanzapina foi superior ao haloperidol em sintomas gerais e sintomas negativos, e foi associada a menos desistências do que a risperidona. O acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico e interação entre os profissionais é determinante para o controle adequado dos sintomas da psicose e, consequentemente, melhorar a qualidade de vida para o paciente. Além de prevenir e/ou reduzir eventuais Reações Adversas aos Medicamentos (RAMs) associadas aos psicotrópicos que podem ser graves, principalmente em idoso. Portanto, compreender os principais antipsicóticos utilizados no paciente idoso e as características dessas drogas é uma importante ferramenta utilizada para aumentar a adesão ao tratamento, otimizar a eficácia terapêutica e minimizar as RAMs.
DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER: QUAIS AS NOVIDADES DIAGNÓSTICAS E TERAPÊUTICAS?
Authors: FERREIRA SARAH REBECA DANTAS FERREIRA , SILVA EVANDRO ROGÉRIO DA SILVA , SILVA GERLANE GUEDES DELFINO DA SILVA , LANDIM ELANE CRISTINA SILVA LANDIM
Published: January 2024

A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a principal causa de comprometimento cognitivo e demência em idosos. O início da patogênese e a progressão da DA, ainda não foram completamente elucidados, porém sabe-se que a doença é caracterizada pela deposição progressiva de placas beta amiloide e emaranhados de neurofibrilas tau hiperfosforiladas, levando a neuroinflamação, estresse oxidativo, destruição neuronal e declínio cognitivo progressivo. Os sintomas, no entanto, só começam a aparecer após anos de danos neurológicos, desta forma, conseguir realizar o diagnóstico precoce, aliado ao desenvolvimento de novas terapias têm sido interesse da comunidade científica. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa nas bases Pubmed e Science Direct, incluindo artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, em português e inglês, sobre as novas perspectivas de diagnóstico e tratamento da DA, utilizou-se como descritores: Doença de Alzheimer, diagnóstico precoce, biomarcadores e novos tratamentos. A razão entre os níveis de proteínas Tau de alto e baixo peso molecular em plaquetas tem sido relatado como possível biomarcador da DA. A dosagem de altos níveis da proteína s100B no líquido cerebroespinhal produzida pelos astrócitos tem apresentado correlação com as fases iniciais da doença, uma vez que em estágios avançados esses níveis estão normais. Exames de imagem também são importantes nessa busca, destacando-se a ressonância magnética e tomografia computadorizada por emissão de pósitrons (PET-TC) que podem ser utilizados para avaliar atrofias em regiões cerebrais específicas e utilizar radiomarcadores para proteína amiloide e tau avaliando a deposição destas. Para o tratamento, novos bloqueadores do receptor do glutamato NMDA e novos inibidores de acetilcolinesterase, mais efetivos e menos tóxicos que os utilizados na terapêutica atual estão em fase de estudo clínico. Estudos recentes também demonstram que o uso de prebióticos e probióticos podem ser úteis como terapia adjuvante/preventiva da DA, melhorando funções cognitivas e reduzindo a neuroinflamação.
A QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE MULHERES COM OSTEOARTRITE EM USO DO GEL DE ARNICA (SOLIDAGO CHILENSIS MEYER).
Authors: PAIVA SHEYLA CAMYLIE DO RÊGO PAIVA , GASQUE KELLEN CRISTINA DA SILVA GASQUE , MEDEIROS LIS CARDOSO MARINHO MEDEIROS
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A Osteoartrite (OA) é um distúrbio crônico, inflamatório, progressivo e irreversível que atinge preferencialmente o sexo feminino na idade adulta e idosa. A qualidade de vida de pessoas com essa patologia é reduzida por consequência dos sintomas. Objetivo: Contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade de vida de mulheres com Osteoartrite. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de natureza quantitativa, do tipo ensaio clínico duplo-cego, randomizado e controlado. Foram selecionadas aletoriamente 17 pacientes com idade ? 40 anos, com diagnóstico clinico de OA. Os grupos foram dois: O G1. Gel de Arnica brasileira a 10% (Solidago Chilensis Meyer); G2. Gel de Diclofenaco Sódio 11,6%. Ambos os grupos realizaram exercícios para o fortalecimento do quadríceps, alongamento dos isquiotibiais e quadríceps, além de serem submetidas a fonoforese. Os dados do estudo foram processados no programa SPSS Versão 26 e utilizou-se o teste paramétrico T. Student para comparar as médias de duas amostras independentes e amostra pareadas, para todas as análises será considerado nível de significância <5%. Resultados: O G1 e G2 apresentaram melhora descritiva na qualidade de vida das pacientes. O G2 mostrou diferença significativa (p=0,037) em relação ao escore geral do WOMAC antes e após a aplicação da terapia proposta. O G1 apontou no domínio dor e rigidez do questionário de WOMAC diferença estatística, ou seja, dor (p=0.026) e rigidez (p=0.0009), assim como o G2 que também apresentou diferença estática nos domínios dor e rigidez (p=0.001) e (p=0.005). A dor diminui em ambos os grupos, no entanto o G1 mostrou diferença estatística em 10 momentos, já o G2 apenas em 7 momentos. Conclusão: O gel de Arnica brasileira demonstrou ser eficaz no que tange a dor e a rigidez ocasionada pela OA, além disso pode ser uma alternativa viável na melhoria da qualidade de vida de mulheres com OA de joelho.
DOR E SINTOMAS DE DEPRESSÃO DE PESSOAS IDOSAS EM TRATAMENTO ONCOLÓGICO
Authors: SILVA CLEANE ROSA RIBEIRO DA SILVA , MELO ANA LUÍSA FERNANDES VIEIRA , FRAZÃO MARIA CRISTINA LINS OLIVEIRA FRAZÃO , COSTA KÁTIA NEYLA DE FREITAS MACEDO COSTA
Published: January 2024

O câncer caracteriza-se como uma doença crônica de alta prevalência no mundo. Dentre os sinais e sintomas frequentes nessa patologia, destaca-se a dor, que associa-se a manifestações físicas, cognitivas, culturais e psicológicas. A dor pode interferir negativamente na vida diária da pessoa com câncer e elevar as chances do surgimento de sintomas de depressão, o que interfere diretamente sobre a qualidade de vida do paciente. Deste modo, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a dor e a presença de sintomas de depressão de pessoas idosas em tratamento oncológico. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre os meses de outubro a dezembro de 2019, em um Centro de Assistência de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia no município de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Participaram 139 pessoas idosas com diagnóstico médico de câncer e que estavam em tratamento oncológico. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado, o questionário de Dor de McGill e o Inventário de Beck para Depressão – IBD, os dados foram analisados por meio de análise descritiva e inferencial. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do CCS da UFPB. Observou-se uma maior frequência de mulheres, com 60 anos a 69 anos, casadas, com escolaridade de um a quatro anos de estudo e procedentes do interior da Paraíba. Na avaliação da dor, observou-se que 68,0% dos pacientes apresentaram queixas de quadro álgico, com maior frequência de dor moderada. Evidenciou-se que 36,7% dos participantes referiram presença de sintomas de depressão. Na correlação da sintomatologia depressiva com a dor, observou-se correlação positiva com significância estatística (p ? 0,05). O aumento da dor está correlacionado ao aumento dos sintomas de depressão, ressaltasse a importância de considerar os resultados deste estudo em benefício desta população, utilizando-os como norte para o planejamento de intervenções biopsicossociais.
GRUPO SOCIOEMOCIONAL PARA CUIDADORES DE IDOSOS COM DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: CERENTINI MARIA CHRISTIANE DOS SANTOS , DIAS CRISTINA MARIA DE SOUZA BRITO , SILVA CIRLENE FRANCISCA SALES DA
Published: January 2024

RESUMO O presente capítulo expõe um relato de experiência de um grupo de apoio para cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer (DA). O método utilizado correspondeu a intervenção psicossocial por meio de oficinas de dinâmicas de grupo. Este compartilha o desenvolvimento de um trabalho piloto na Universidade Católica de Pernambuco em parceria com a Associação Brasileira de Alzheimer sessão Pernambuco, visando acolher esses cuidadores nos aspectos social e emocional. Foram realizados encontros mensais com duas horas de duração, com limite de 12 participantes, totalizando 12 meses. Cada tema era trabalhado em um encontro, como: integração do grupo, doença de Alzheimer, família, rede de apoio social e autocuidado. Objetivo geral: Proporcionar aos cuidadores familiares habilidades socioemocionais no contexto do cuidado à pessoa com Alzheimer. Objetivos específicos: a) Favorecer espaço de acolhimento dos sentimentos/emoções aos cuidados prestados; b) Informar sobre Alzheimer no intuito de nivelar informação sobre essa enfermidade; c) Esclarecer dúvidas sobre manejo adequado em lidar com situações de rotina, através da troca de experiência dos cuidadores; d) Possibilizar atitudes que proporcionem relação interpessoal satisfatória entre cuidador, pessoa com Alzheimer e familiares. e) Promover atitude de auto cuidado; f) Oferecer atendimento para demandas individuais emergentes; g) Realizar orientação para encaminhamento à psicoterapia. Resultado: foi observado integração entre participantes, sentimento de acolhimento, encaminhamentos à psicoterapia, melhor compreensão sobre aspectos do cuidado e estão lidando melhor com o sentimento de estar sozinho na jornada das atividades diária. Conclusão: participar do compartilhamento de informações e apoio mútuo entre os cuidadores, favoreceu o fortalecimento da rede de apoio social, compreensão do autocuidado para saúde mental e física, sentimento de acolhimento às angústias e outros decorrentes do cuidado constantes a longo prazo. Nesse sentido, contribuindo para o fortalecimento da saúde mental desses cuidadores.
PROSTATECTOMIA RADICAL: REPERCUSSÕES NA SEXUALIDADE
Authors: UCHÔA SILVANA MARIA DE MACÊDO , NEVES VIRGINIA LUCIA COSTA
Published: January 2024

O câncer de próstata é o segundo tipo de neoplasia mais prevalente em homens e a prostatectomia radical (PR) considerada como tratamento “padrão ouro” para este tipo de câncer. Geralmente, esse tipo de cirurgia traz consequências biopsicossociais e emocionais, pois pode ocasionar incontinência urinária e disfunções sexuais, que, por sua vez, vão trazer consequências no modelo de masculinidade hegemônica e repercussões na sexualidade. O objetivo geral do estudo foi compreender as repercussões da PR associadas à sexualidade. Especificamente almejou-se: conhecer as concepções acerca da sexualidade; identificar possíveis perdas da “pseudo” hegemonia do gênero; e descrever suas repercussões na vida sexual. A abordagem teórica foi a Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano e a amostra foi de conveniência, composta por 10 homens, submetidos à prostatectomia radical. Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta de dados foram: um questionário biosociodemográfico e uma entrevista semiestruturada. As respostas da entrevista foram categorizadas e analisadas com base na Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Os resultados apontaram que a vivência do diagnóstico e a PR, para os participantes, foi uma experiência devastadora que trouxe sentimentos de medo, tristeza e ansiedade em relação a sequelas como incontinência urinária e disfunção erétil e grande impacto na concepção do que é “ser macho” no imaginário masculino. Aqueles, cujo relacionamento antes da PR era de companheirismo, afeto e diálogo enfrentaram os problemas de maneira mais assertiva, mesmo tendo havido alteração na dinâmica do casal. Quanto ao impacto na sexualidade, quase todos os homens referiram mudanças na vida sexual. Em vista disso, a maioria referiu, que a existência de apoio, afeto, amizade e confiança fizeram com que o relacionamento ficasse mais fortalecido.
A ARQUEOLOGIA E O ENVELHECIMENTO: ASPECTOS TEÓRICOS EMERGENTES.
Authors: MASTROROSA RAQUEL ROLDAN , SILVA SERGIO FRANCISCO SERAFIM MONTEIRO DA
Published: January 2024

Este artigo aborda a relação entre envelhecimento e Arqueologia, explorando como a análise de remanescentes humanos e vestígios arqueológicos podem fornecer insights valiosos sobre as experiências e cuidados dos indivíduos envelhecidos em sociedades antigas. O envelhecimento é um fenômeno universal, porém pouco compreendido em contextos passados devido às limitações dos vestígios arqueológicos. A Arqueologia oferece uma janela única para investigar como diferentes culturas percebiam, cuidavam e integravam os envelhecidos. Através da análise de sepulturas, padrões de atividade, dieta e evidências de doenças, os arqueólogos podem inferir a idade das pessoas no momento da morte, identificar padrões de mobilidade, trabalho e interações sociais de indivíduos envelhecidos. Além disso, as pesquisas biológicas sobre o processo de envelhecimento nos oferecem novas perspectivas sobre as vivências dos seres humanos ao longo da história. O artigo discute como a Arqueologia do Envelhecimento tem desafiado estereótipos modernos sobre o envelhecimento, mostrando as múltiplas possibilidades de envelhecer nos contextos históricos e pré-históricos, considerando o cuidado por parte do grupo. No entanto, também revela casos de possíveis cuidados limitados ou evidências de marginalização. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo aprofundar a compreensão mais aprofundada da diversidade de abordagens culturais sobre o envelhecimento, bem como fornecer informações sobre as perspectivas atuais sobre o envelhecimento e os cuidados com os idosos.
Effect of Inclusion of Fresh or dried black soldier fly larvae in Diets on Snakehead Fish’s Growth Performance and Chemical Composition (Channa sp.)
Authors: Manh Hoang N. , Suong Tran T.T. , Lan Pham T.P. , Tram Nguyen D.Q.
Published: January 2024

In snakehead fish farming, feeding represents the largest portion (accounting for 50-60%) of production cost. Thus, finding an alternative natural feed that can be replaced as full or partial inclusion in snakehead fish commercial diets is urgently needed. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of including fresh or dried black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in diets on the growth performance and chemical composition of snakehead fish cultured in small-scale farms. Fingerlings of snakehead (5.15 ± 0.12 g) were distributed randomly into fifteen net cages (6 m3) at a density of 120 fish.net cage-1. Including five dietary treatments named: NT1 (100% commercial feed served as a control); NT2 (100% fresh BSFL); NT3 (100% dried BSFL); NT4 (50% fresh BSFL + 50% commercial feed); and NT5 (50% dried BSFL + 50% commercial feed). Each treatment was performed in triplicate. The results showed that the inclusion of fresh BSFL in diets for the snakehead fish did not affect the survival rate (82.22 - 85.56 %), improved feed conversion ratio, increased live weight (70.9 – 103.3 g) and daily weight gain (1.09 – 1.64 g.day-1), and fish’s yield (1.16 – 1.73 kg.m-2); and did not affect the chemical composition of the fish. These findings suggest that farmers should feed snakehead fish with commercial feed plus fresh black soldier fly larvae to maintain good condition factor and enhance fish growth performance and production.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Efektivitas Pengawasan Pengelolaan Food Waste Hotel oleh Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Padang
Authors: Syalva Syiva Nabilla , Yusran Rahmadani , Eriyanti Fitri , Alhadi Zikri
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektivitas pengawasan pengelolaan food waste hotel oleh Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan data yang didapat dengan wawancara serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengawasan yang dilakukan Dinas Lingkungan Hidup tidak efektif karena adanya permasalahan dalam hal regulasi, program, data, sumber daya manusia, anggaran, sarana prasarana, serta partisipasi masyarakat. Permasalahan ini berdampak pada peningkatan volume food waste dan penumpukan sampah di TPA, yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan serta membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar Dinas Lingkungan Hidup meningkatkan pengawasan aktif dan pasif, menyusun regulasi dan program yang jelas, mengorganisir data food waste, serta melibatkan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan food waste hotel.