bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Clobazam as Add-on Drug in Intractable Epilepsies
Authors: Mandal Pragnadyuti , Ghosh Souvik , Mondal Shirsendu , Sanyal Debasis , Basu Sagar , Jana Swapan
Published: October 2016

Twenty to forty percent of patients remain intractable to first line antiepileptic medicines. Clobazam is used as an add-on medicine in treatment of intractable epilepsies.This study evaluated the effectiveness of clobazam as add-on drug in intractable epilepsy patients receiving either valproic acid or carbamazepine.This study is an open label, data based clinical study which was undertaken in a neurology outpatient department of a tertiary care centre.In this study, clobazam was added to epileptic patients who were receiving either valproic acid (VPA) or carbamazepine (CBZ) at maximum clinically tolerated dose. The effectiveness of clobazam was measured by percentages of reduction of seizure frequency from base line (0%, 0-49.9%, 50-99.9%, 100%) and the responder rate (50% or greater reduction of seizure frequency from base line).Fisher’s test and Chi-square test were used for data analysis.Out of total 83 patients (62 male, 21 female, age range 14-60 years, mean age 24.5), 50 and 33 were receiving carbamazepine and sodium valproate respectively. All complex partial seizure (CPS) and 42.3% of generalized tonic clonic seizure(GTCS) patients became seizure free. The responder rate for GTCS cases were 67.3%. The percentages of seizure free patients in VPA and CBZ group were 39.4% and 38% respectively. Seizure frequency reduction and responder rate were found to be significant (p < 0.05) between group.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:26-30, 2015
An Unusual Tumor of The Cerebellopontine Angle
Authors: Karki Prasanna , Bohara Manoj , Arita Kazunori
Published: October 2016

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:38-39, 2015
A Case of Tubercular Intramedullary Abscess in An Infant
Authors: Singh Anish M , Shrestha Prabin , Sah Hemant , Shrestha Reshma
Published: October 2016

Spinal abscess in pediatric age group is a rare entity. Tubercular type is even rarer and it has been found to be associated with patent dermal sinus. Very few cases have been reported so far.We present a 2-month-old baby with gradually progressing paraparesis. There was a small dermal sinus in the lower area of right buttock which was discharging pus. MRI was done which showed intramedullary fluid collection at the level of lower lumbar and sacral spine suggesting abscess formation. Patient party was suggested for surgical exploration and histopathological evaluation. However, they denied and thus baby was put on steroid therapy. The baby gradually improved. However he started having paraparesis again and even worse than before. Repeat MRI showed intramedullary collection more than the previous MRI. Again surgical option was given and finally surgery done. Right hemilaminectomy was done from L3-4-5-S1and dura exposed. Dura was incised and spinal cord, conus and cauda equina exposed which were swollen and congested. Midline myelotomy was done opening the intramedullary. Free flow of thick pus was observed. Dermal sinus was excised and closed.Pus and small pieces of granulation tissue was sent for culture and cytological examination which showed features of tuberculosis. Antitubercular treatment was started and the baby became much better.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:43-45, 2015
Organized Chronic Subdural Hematoma Following Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Ram Kumar , Sharma Mohan Raj , Sedain Gopal
Published: October 2016

Subdural Hematoma (SDH) or effusion following Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt for hydrocephalous is not an unusual complication. However, we rarely come across organized chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) following shunts. We present a case of organized CSDH in a four-year-old female child who presented with seizure three and half year after the VP Shunt placement for obstructive hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. The child was managed with craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma with membranectomy. We report this unusual case and review the relevent literature.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:46-48, 2015
External Ventricular Drainage Infections: Experience From a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal
Authors: Pradhanang Amit , Sharma Mohan R , Sedain Gopal , Shilpakar Sushil K
Published: October 2016

External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) related infection is one of the most dreaded infections in neurosurgical practice. The primary aim of this study was to assess the incidence of EVD infections in our hospital. In addition, we have made an attempt to evaluate the indication for EVD placement, influence of total drainage time in the risk of catheter infection, the most common bacterial spectra in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture, and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. This is a retrospective study of all patients who underwent EVD placement over a period of two years.Out of 60 patients who underwent EVD placement, 52 met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The ventricular catheters were in place from 1 to 23 days. Overall shunt infection rate was 36.5%. CSF cell count significantly correlated with the occurrence of a positive CSF culture (unpaired t test, p<0.05). The most common bacterial species isolated were Acinetobacter baumannii and Burkholderia cepacia.Despite many advances in care, there is still a significantly high incidence of EVD related infections. Contrary to earlier reports, the most common bacterial grown in our center were quite different and their antibiotic sensitivity varied accordingly.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:67-71, 2015
Intracranial Lipoma: A Rare Variant of Brain Tumor
Authors: Singh Anish M , Adhikari Rupendra B , Sah Hemant , Shrestha Prabia
Published: October 2016

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:72, 2015
Surgical Treatment of Tardive Dystonia in Nepal: A Case Report
Authors: Shrestha Resha , Taira Takaomi , Shrestha Pranaya , Rajbhanari Pravesh , Dhakal Sudan , Acharya Samir , Pant Basant
Published: October 2016

Tardive dystonia is a subtype of dystonia which is seen in patients receiving antipsychotic treatment for long period. Medical treatment of tardive dystonia is very complex and many cases do not respond well to currently available treatment and sometimes can be irreversible. Surgical treatments like pallidotomy and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) have shown some promising results. We report this case of Tardive Dystonia who benefitted from Pallidotomy. We believe this is the first case in Nepal.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:81-84, 2015
A Case of Primary Intraventricular Brain Abscess in a Child: A Challenge to Conquer
Authors: Bajracharya Shristi , Shrestha Prabin , Singh Anish M , Shrestha Reshma , Shakva Shanta C
Published: October 2016

Primary intraventricular brain abscess is a rare entity. Not many cases are reported yet. Moreover, proper guidelines for the treatment, conservative treatment or surgery, has not yet been established. Its outcome is also unpredictable and usually poor.We present a 11-year-old girl with wide spread intraventricular brain abscess. There was no obvious cause for the abscess formation. Cardiac status was normal by history and ECHO. She was treated surgically with external ventricular drainage (EVD). There was significant improvement after EVD. Intraventricular flushing was done with the solution of injection Gentamycin and hydrocortisone. However, the patient expired while planned for discharge from the hospital due to sudden cardiac arrest.A bigger study is needed to assess the various factors of intraventricular brain abscess including epidemiology, treatment, outcome etc in the Nepalese context.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:88-90, 2015
Frontobasal Aneurysm: Relatively a Rare Neurosurgical Entity
Authors: Shrestha Prabin , Singh Anish M , Sah Hemant
Published: October 2016

Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery (DACA) aneurysms are rarer. Its more so with the aneurysm of fronto basal branch of DACA. These aneurysms are smaller in size and are multiple in number in many instances. They rupture easily and present with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in addition to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Here we present a male patient with SAH and left frontal base interhemispheric ICH. CT angiography showed multiple small aneurysms at right frontobasal artery. Successful clipping of all the aneurysms was done in the single sitting by left pterional craniotomy and subfrontal and interhemispheric approach.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 12:91-93, 2015
Obituary: Alber Loren Rhoton, Jr. MD
Authors: Shrestha Prabin , Sedain Gopal
Published: October 2016

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:1, 2016
Obituary: Peter J Janetta MD, DSci. FAANS
Authors: Shrestha Prabin , Sedain Gopal
Published: October 2016

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:2, 2016
Extradural Spinal Tumors: Report of 36 Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Sharma Gopal R , Khadka Nilam , Jha Rajiv , Adhikari Dhurba R , Bista Prakash
Published: October 2016

About 55% of spinal tumors are extradural arising from vertebral bodies, epidural and surrounding neural and soft tissues. More than 90% of extradural spinal tumors are metastatic lesions. Extradural spinal tumors are common cause of back pain, sensory motor deficit and sphincters dysfunction. The wide range of lesions and varied clinical profile, make management of spinal extradural tumors a challenging task for any neurosurgeon.Aim of this study is to analyze and discuss the results of extradural spinal tumors after surgical treatment and relevant literature will be reviewed.This is a retrospective study of 36 patients who were operated for spinal extradural tumors between May 1999 and December 2012 in our institute.Follow up period ranged from 3 years to 12 years. Functional neurological outcome was assessed by McCormick's grading. There were 20 male and 16 female and age ranged from 10 to 80 years. 30 patients presented with back pain and 15 had radicular pain. On presentation 18 patients had motor sensory deficit and 15 had sphincters dysfunction. Most common involved level of spines were thoracic followed by cervical and lumbar.Gross total excision of masses were carried out in all cases. Common pathologies were neurofibromas (16), Ewing's sarcoma (7), granulomas (3), metastatic lesions (2), angiolipoma (2), chondroma (2), aneurysmal bone cyst (1), plasmacytoma (1), rabdomyosarcoma (1) and neuroblastoma (1).Out of 14 patients who harbored malignant pathology 12 patients received radio and chemotherapy. Post operative wound infection occurred in 5 patients. Regarding post operative neurological status, 18 patients showed improvement, 6 patients remained same and 12 patients had deteriorated neurology. Tumor recurrence occurred in 15 patients; 12 patients with malignant and 3 patients with benign lesions on follow up period. There was no surgery related mortality, however, 11 patients died during 3 years follow up period due to adverse pathology they were having.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:3-10, 2016
Transpedicular Approach for Subaxial Cervical Spine
Authors: Sharma Krishna
Published: October 2016

Cervical spine decompression, fusion and fixation are required when pathologies like trauma, degeneration, infection or tumor destabilizes the spine or cause compression on neurovascular structures. Many approaches and instrumentation technique have evolved to achieve a stable spine closest to its natural state, preserving the anatomy and the function. Transpedicular approach to cervical spine has been a new addition to the attempt. Here, our experience of the procedure is presented.Total of 38 cases underwent this procedure from 2014 February to 2015 December. Twenty-four cases had unstable spine due to trauma, twelve had severe multilevel spondylotic cord compression and two had dump bell schwannomas. Their age ranged from 24 to 76 years with 22 males and 16 females. The procedures were done under general anesthesia in prone position on Gardner-Wells pins and a horseshoe headrest. After exposing the pedicles, 3.5 mm by 22 mm titanium poly-axial screws where inserted through the pedicles using the technique described by Professor Abumi. The pedicle screws were connected by a connecting rod, which had been bent in accordance with the normal cervical lordosis. Fusion was done using the bones obtained from the spinous process and laminae.There were fifty-six screws which were mis-directed, and had to be immediately corrected. There was no incidence of significant pedicle penetration or injury to neuro-vascular structures. There was temporary weakness of upper limbs postoperatively in seven patients, which recovered fully in two months’ time. There were six deaths due to uncontrolled septicaemia triggered by chest infection. The rest of the patients were discharged between one to six weeks after surgery.Transpedicular fixation of unstable cervical spine provides biomechanically a very rigid and good correction of sagittal alignment with a high-fusion rate and a few surgical complications. After realizing these advantages, transpedicular screw fixation in cervical spine is becoming an increasingly popular spine surgeon's armamentarium.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:11-18, 2016
Simultaneous Management of Otogenic Brain Abscess and Suppurative Otitis Media: Retrospective analysis
Authors: Shrestha Ram K , Sedain Gopal , Sharma Mohan R , Shilpakar Sushil K , Pradhananga Amit B , Kafle Prakash , Rajbhandari Binod
Published: October 2016

Intracranial complications of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media(CSOM) are common. Brain abscess is the commonest intracranial complication. Traditionally, life threatening brain abscess was managed first and the causative otitis dealt later. However, with the aim of dealing with both at the outset, we have started treating these problems in the same anesthesia setting. Retrospective analysis of the consecutive patients treated simultaneously is presented.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:19-22, 2016
Intraventricular Tumor: An Analysis of 18 Cases
Authors: Alam Shamsul , Uddin Abu NW , Majumder Mashiur R , Hasan Md M , Ahmed Anis
Published: October 2016

The main objective of this article is to describe transcallosal and transcortical approach to deal with intraventricular tumors.Details of the transcallosal and transcortical approach to intraventricular tumors of the lateral and third ventricles were presented.Intraventricular tumors are ideal indications for microscopic neurosurgery. They often cause cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathway obstruction, resulting in ventricular dilatation. The general principle of removal of intraventricular tumors is interruption of the blood supply to the tumor and subsequent tumor debulking. In general, a piecemeal resection was performed; however, in some tumors such as meningioma, it was possible to detach the lesion from the surrounding brain tissue and remove it in toto. When the tumor arised in the anterior part of the third ventricle, the craniotomy was made at the coronal suture. When the tumor is located in the posterior part, the entry craniotomy was selected more anteriorly in order to pass the foramen of Monro in a straight line.Intraventricular tumors and related CSF pathway obstructions can be safely and effectively treated with micro neurosurgical techniques, either by transcallosal or transcortical approach. The aim should be the total extraction of the tumor with minimum damage and the chosen operative corridor should optimize tumor access and the protection of vulnerable neurovascular structures. Lateral ventricle tumors can be removed via transcortical approach when having hydrocephalus which provides a wider and more direct approach to the tumor than the transcallosal one. It allows the surgeon to achieve good functional outcome and maximum excision of the tumor. Transcallosal is an excellent midline exposure with preserving the callosomerginal and pericallosal arteriesto the midline tumor of lateral and 3rd ventricles.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:23-29, 2016
Is Open Lumbar Micro- Discectomy Safe at Periphery of Nepal?
Authors: Thapa Bal K
Published: October 2016

Lumbar disc surgery is performed exclusively for disc herniation. Either low back pain, or sciatica or both are common presentations depending upon the levels of compressed nerve roots. Indications for surgery and MRI needs to be carefully judged upon keeping the economic status of our patients into consideration. Open lumbar (micro) discectomy is safe and successful method for lumbar disc herniations at periphery. Results in these hundred thirteen initial cases with minimum follow up of 5 years indicate that this is not only feasible but safe in these 57 males and 56 female patients aged between 12 and 93. Redo surgeries were not that difficult in this series and were safe. There were 18 cases with Multiple and 95 single levels. Of the single levels it gradually increased as the level gradually decreased in terms of the vertebral counts. L3/4: 3 cases, L4/5: 28 cases and L5/S1 : 64 cases . There were 18 cases of more than one level discs. There were 96 (Micro) discectomies, 11 Laminotomies and 6 Laminectomies.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:30-34, 2016
Single Burr Hole and Drainage in Chronic Subdural Hematoma: Outcome in Consecutive 333 Cases
Authors: Roka Yam B , Firoj Afjal , Alok Jha , Biprav Lohani
Published: October 2016

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurosurgical disease with incidence 3 in 100,000 in general population. Recorded or trivial head injury is the most common cause of CSDH with several predisposing factors like alcoholism, coagulopathy, seizure disorder, cerebrospinal fluid shunts, metastases and vascular malformations. Bilateral CSDH are common in infants and interhemispheric subdural hematomas are often associated with child abuse. Coagulopathy and intracranial tumors have been associated with spontaneous CSDH. 86 % were males with 47% of CSDH on left followed by 35% in right and 61 cases (18%) were bilateral. The most common age group was 61 to 80 years (45%) followed by the 41 to 60 year group. During admission headache was the most common symptom followed by neurological deficits that include, loss of speech (65%), mono or hemiparesis (20%), quadreparesis (5%), bowel and bladder dysfunction and loss of memory or altered sensorium. Statistical analysis did not show any significant p value between the Age group, Sex, Side of CSDH or chronic alcoholism as independent variables affecting outcome. GCS at admission was the only factor that had significant p value in terms of outcome prediction. Although there are multiple comorbidities associated with CSDH this study found that except GCS there was no relation to age, side, sex, alcoholism, hypertension or diabetes in the outcome after surgery. Meticulous care to remove all the CSDH followed by use of drain is the most efficient way to manage CSDH.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:35-42, 2016
A Case of Large Benign Bifrontal Cyst
Authors: Roka Yam B , Jha Alok
Published: October 2016

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:47, 2016
Intramedullary Spinal Cord Ependymoma after Posterior Fossa Ependymoma Resection: A Case Report
Authors: Pradhan Benju R , Thapa Bal K
Published: October 2016

We experienced a case in which multiple spinal cord dissemination was found 6 years after resection of the fourth ventricle ependymoma. A 17-year-old boy had undergone a subtotal resection of the fourth ventricle ependymoma and radiation therapy to the posterior fossa when he was 12 years old. Follow up CT head detected no residual tumor until he complained of back pain and pain in right thigh 6 years after surgery. MRI revealed multiple mass at D10-12 and L2-3. He underwent laminectomy and excision of tumor. This case reminds us to the necessity for long term radiological follow up including the spinal cord even in benign ependymoma, although it is still not clear for how long and how often we should do it.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:48-50, 2016
Cervical Osteoblastoma: A Rare Primary Spinal Tumor
Authors: Sedain Gopal , Shrestha Ram K , Sharma Mohan R
Published: October 2016

Osteoblastoma is a rare and benign osteoid producing primary bone tumor that affects mainly the long bones. It makes 5% of spinal tumors, mostly arising within the posterior elements of the spine within the second and 3rd decades of life. We managed an 18 year old patient with osteoblastoma of C6 vertebra.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:51-53, 2016
Giant Choroid plexus papilloma in a child: A Case Report
Authors: Joshi Sumit , Sharma Gopal R , Bhattachan Maya
Published: October 2016

Tumors of the choroid plexus are rare neoplasms of neuroectodermal origin, accounting for less than 1% of all intracranial tumors. We report a case of giant choroid plexus papilloma of the lateral ventricle extending into the third ventricle of a 3 years old female child. She presented with features of obstructive hydrocephalus and had undergone V-P shunt at the age 3months. She repeatedly underwent revision of the V-P shunt at the age of 6 months, 22 months and 36 months prior to the tumor excision. An anterior interhemispheric, transcallosal approach was performed and total excision was achieved with fenestration of lamina terminalis at the age of 37 months. Following the surgery the patient developed bilateral subdural effusion requiring bilateral subdural-peritoneal shunt and the nonfunctional V-P shunt was removed. Histological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of the choroid plexus papilloma.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 13:57-59, 2016
Yield Response and Nitrogen use Efficiency of Boro Rice Varieties as Affected by Different Methods of USG and Prilled Urea Application
Authors: Bhuiyan MKA , Nahar L , Mahbub MM , Shultana R , Mridha MAJ , Rahman MA , Kamruzzaman M
Published: October 2016

An experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during Boro season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 to find out the nitrogen use efficiency and yield of boro rice var. BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 under four N management practices such as application of prilled urea using prilled urea applicator, application of USG (2.7gm) using USG applicator, broadcasting of prilled urea following three splits and a control (without urea). The experimental design was RCBD replicated thrice. BRRI dhan29 with urea broadcasted plots produced higher grain yield (7.38t ha-1) followed by BRRI dhan29 with USG application (6.65 t ha-1). Hand broadcasting with urea fertilizer showed 15.38.5and 2.5, 9.89% higher grain yield than machine application of prilled urea and USG in BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29, respectively. Grain yield showed a significant quadratic response to N fertilization and significant linear response with total dry matter production in both the varieties. Higher total N was uptake from urea broadcasted plots in BRRI dhan29 followed by urea broadcasted from BRRI dhan28. BRRI dhan29 with Prilled urea applicator and BRRI dhan29 with USG treatment uptake intermediate nitrogen. N uptake in grain and total N uptake had a significant linear and quadratic response to N treatment in BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29. Nitrogen use efficiency was higher in BRRI dhan29 compared to BRRI dhan28. Economic analysis showed that rice var. BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29 with urea broadcast had the highest gross return of Tk.145145.00 and Tk. 158310.00 ha-1, respectively. However, the maximum cost (Tk. 151131) was involved for BRRI dhan29 with urea broadcasting, while the minimum with no urea fertilizer application for both the varieties. The highest marginal rate of return (MRR) (Tk.1146) was recorded from BRRI dhan28 with USG application using BRRI applicator.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 1-10
Photosynthesis, Dry Matter Partitioning and Yield Variation in Sesame Genotypes
Authors: Akter M , Khaliq QA , Islam MR , Ahmed JU
Published: October 2016

An experiment was conducted at the research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706 from March to June 2014 to evaluate growth and yield performance of sesame genotypes. Five sesame genotypes i.e. DB-6992, BD-6995, BD-7001, BD-7011 and Hathazari-4 were used in the study. The genotypes significantly differed in photosynthetic rate, dry matter partitioning and seed yield. The earliest genotype was Hathazari-4 and the latest was BD-7011. The highest stem dry weight, leaf dry weight, capsule dry weight, leaf area index, light interception, photosynthetic rate were recorded in genotype Hathazari-4. The number of capsules plant-1 and the number of seeds capsule-1 were also highest in the genotype Hathazari-4, while the lowest was being noticed in the genotype BD- 7001. Weight of 1000-seed was the maximum in genotype BD-6992 and the minimum in the genotype BD- 7011. The highest seed yield (3.52 tha-1) was recorded in the genotype Hathazari-4 and the lowest in the genotypes BD-6992 followed by BD-7001. The highest oil content (41.39%) was recorded in the genotype BD-6992 and the lowest (39.72%) in the genotype Hathazari-4 but the highest oil yield (1.53 t ha-1) was recorded in the genotype Hathazari-4. It may be concluded that the sesame genotype Hathazari-4 may be cultivated for higher seed yield and oil production.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 19-28
Effect of Sowing Time Based Temperature Variations on Growth, Yield and Seed Quality of Garden Pea
Authors: Ali MZ , Aziz MA , Sarker MAI , Mazumder S , Paul SK , Mujahidi TA , Khan MSA , Bhuiyan MS
Published: October 2016

A field experiment was conducted at the research field of Agronomy Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur and ARS, Burirhat, Rangpur to evaluate crop growth, yield and seed quality of garden pea in prevailing temperature at different sowing dates (10 November, 20 November, 30 November, 10 December, 20 December and 30 December). Sowing date based temperature variations significantly affected the crop growth, TDM production, yield and seed quality of BARI Motorshuti-3. Plants with November 20-30 sowing performed the best in respect of yield and yield contributing characters. However, with the delayed in sowing dates, the temperatures at the later growth phases were increased, while the grain growth duration, grain yield and grain quality decreased substantially. Results revealed that November 20-30 would be the optimum time of sowing for maximum yield with quality seed production of garden pea in Bangladesh.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 29-36
Performance of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes In Sylhet Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Nazrul MI , Shaheb MR
Published: October 2016

An experiment was conducted at farming system research and development (FSRD) site, Jalalpur and multi location testing (MLT) sites, Zokigonj and Moulvibazar during 2013-2015 to evaluate the suitable varieties (genotypes) of French bean for maximize the seed yield of the farmers. The experimental design was a randomized complete block (RCB) with 6 dispersed replications. Eight bush bean genotypes were tested of which 3 were developed by BARI (var. BARI Jharsheem-1, BARI Jharsheem-2, BARI Jharsheem-3), five local accessions: Local-1(black), Local-2 (white colour with chocolate spot at hylum), Local-3 (coffee colour), Local-4 (coffee colour with few chocolate spots) and Local-5 (black with chocolate colour spots). The seed yields were varied significantly among the genotypes. All the local French bean lines performed better and produced higher seed yields compared to BARI developed varieties. The maximum seed yields 2.66, 3.48 and 2.05 t ha-1 was produced by Local-4 and Local-5 at Jalalpur, Zakigonj and Moulvibazer, respectively. So, Local-4 and Local-5 variety as the most promising one due their relatively good plant vigor and high seed yield potentiality.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 37-44
Hybrid Maize and Chilli Intercropping in the Hilly Areas of Bandarban
Authors: Ahmed M , Ishtiaque S , Sarker MMR , Khan AS MMR , Choudhury AK , Hasan MK , Hossain F , Paul SK , Islam MU
Published: October 2016

The experiment was conducted at farmers field of On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), Bandarban during Rabi season of 2014-15 to find out suitable combination of hybrid maize and chilli intercropping system to increase system productivity and economic return. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block (RCB) design with six dispersed replications. The maize var. BARI Hybrid Maize-9 and chilli (local) were used in the experiment. Two intercropping combinations viz., Maize single row (100 cm x 25 cm) + 2 rows chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) and Maize single row (150 cm x 25 cm) + 3 rows Chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) were evaluated against their sole crops. The highest gross return (Tk. 435040 ha-1), net return (Tk. 366290 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (6.33) were recorded in maize single row (150 cm x 25cm) + 3 rows Chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) combination. Cob yield of hybrid maize and green fruit yield of Chilli were the highest in the respective sole crops. The results revealed that maize single row (150 cm x 25 cm) + 3 rows Chilli (50 cm x 40 cm) combination might be suitable and economically profitable for the hilly areas.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 45-48
Integrated Approach for Liming and Fertilizer Application on Yield of Cabbage and Cauliflower in Acidic Soil of Sylhet
Authors: Nazrul MI , Shaheb MR
Published: October 2016

An experiment was conducted at farming system research and development (FSRD) site, Jalalpur and multi location testing (MLT) sites, Moulvibazar and Zokigonj during 2013-2015 to study the effect of liming and fertilizers levels on the yield of cabbage and cauliflower in acidic soil of Sylhet. Trials were laid out in a factorial randomized block design with six dispersed replications. The treatments of fertilizer managements were M1: soil test based (STB) recommended fertilizer and M2: fertilizer dose practiced by the farmers (FP) and the level of limes were L1:0 t ha-1; L2: 1 t ha-1 and L3: 2 t ha-1. Results revealed that yields of cabbage and cauliflower responded significantly to fertilizer doses, levels of lime, and their combinations in all the locations. Soil test based fertilizer rate (M1-N201, P63, K65, S23, Zn0.5 for cabbage and M1-N157, P57, K116, S20, Zn0.5 Kg ha-1 for cauliflower) gave the maximum head and curd yields of cabbage and cauliflower, respectively. The levels of lime at the rate 2 t ha-1 (L3) provided the highest yields of cabbage and cauliflower in all locations. Dolomite lime @ 2 t ha-1 in combination with recommended fertilizer (M1L3) gave the highest yields and maximum economic returns of cabbage and cauliflower in all locations. However, it was identical with 1 t ha-1 of dolomite lime of similar dose of fertilizer nutrients. Therefore, application of lime at the rate 1 t ha-1 with STB recommended fertilizer management (M1) could be enough for profitable economic returns for cultivating cabbage and cauliflower in strongly acidic soil in Sylhet.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 49-57
Yield of Inbred and Hybrid Rice as Affected by Clonal Tillers of Successive Generation
Authors: Hore PK , Biswas PK , Amin AKMR , Raziuddin - , Mahmud MS , Mohsin SM
Published: October 2016

A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November 2012 to July 2013. Experiment consisted of two factors, viz. (i) variety- BRRI dhan29 (V1) and BRRI hybrid dhan2 (V2), and (ii) planting materials- nursery seedlings (N), first generation clonal tillers (C1) collected from N, second generation clonal tillers (C2) collected from C1, third generation clonal tillers (C3) collected from C2 and fourth generation clonal tillers (C4) collected from C3, following split-plot design with three replications. Results revealed that despite higher (161.29) number of filled grains as obtained from BRRI dhan29 while lower (139.31) from BRRI hybrid dhan2, and maximum weight of 1000-grains (26.50 g) from hybrid variety and the minimum from the inbred one (19.70 g), the grain yield was not varied significantly. Among the planting materials nursery seedlings gave the maximum (9.23 t ha-1) grain yield that followed by first generation clonal tillers (7.44 t ha-1), and second generation clonal tillers (6.57 t ha-1). The third and fourth generation clonal tillers also produced around 3 t ha-1 grain yield. The maximum grain yield (9.6 t ha-1) was observed from the combination of nursery seedlings with BRRI hybrid dhan2 which is statistically similar to the combination of same planting material with BRRI dhan29 (8.86 t ha-1). The first and second generation clonal tillers of both the varieties produced more than 6.0 t ha-1 grain yield. Therefore, clonal tillers can be used as planting materials for both hybrid and inbred rice cultivation in case of scarce supply of nursery seedlings.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 59-66
Effect of Balanced Fertilization in Puddled Rice on the Productivity of Lentil in Rice-Fallow System Under Zero Tillage
Authors: Bandyopadhyay PK , Singh KC , Mondal K , Nath R , Kumar N , Singh SS
Published: October 2016

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) predominantly grows under rainfed conditions under residual soil moisture in most of the rice-fallows in India with low productivity. Imbalanced NPK (N1), recommended dose of NPK (N2) and recommended NPK + 10 t ha-1 FYM (N3) were applied in kharif rice (var. IET 4786) through consecutive three years (2011-2013). Two lentil varieties viz. Asha (B-77) and Subrata (WBL-58) were sown after rice under zero tillage conditions keeping standing residues and mulch through utilizing residual moisture and nutrients. Zero tillage with straw mulch (ZT-M) in both lentil varieties conserved 12-20% more water than residue removal (ZT) and 7-10% more than standing residue (ZT-H), respectively. During flowering (60 DAS) surface soil (0-5 cm) of ZT attained 0.8 MPa as compared to 0.2 and 0.1 MPa for ZT-H and ZT-M, respectively. Soils with N3 stored more water and depleted lesser than N2 and N1 which produced higher biomass, leaf relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll content. Soil thermal variation in ZT-M tends to proliferate root and nutrient uptake that increased 19 and 14% more yield and 25 and 15% more water use efficiency (WUE) than ZT-H and ZT. Both Subrata and Asha performed well under zero tillage conditions. Zero tillage and nutrient management had an effect on soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and dehydrogenase activity as ZT < ZT-H < ZT-M and N3 > N2 > N1. Proper technology with application of zero tillage may explore the possibility of growing lentil crops in rice fallows during postrainy season utilizing carry-over soil moisture and residual soil fertility.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 67-79
Effect of Variety and Seed Rate on Yield Performance of Mungbean Under Strip Tillage System
Authors: Rahman Md Moshiur , Zahan Taslima , Ali MS , Begum M , Bell RW
Published: October 2016

A study was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during March-June, 2013 to evaluate the performance of mungbean varieties and to determine the optimum seed rate under strip tillage system. Three mungbean varieties (BARI Mung-6, Binamung-5 and Binamung-8) were tested against five seeding rates (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kg ha-1). The experiment was laid out in splitplot design with three replications. The study revealed that variety and seed rate had significant effect on plant population, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1, seed yield and stover yield of mungbean. The highest seed yield was obtained from Bina mung-5 at 35 kg seed ha-1 while the highest stover yield was obtained from 40 kg seed ha-1. For BARI Mung-6 and Binamung-8, 35 kg seed ha-1 also provided higher seed yield than other seeding rates. Nevertheless, the lowest seed and stover yields were obtained from Bina mung-8 with 20 kg seed ha-1. Therefore, the study concluded that machine seeding of mungbean at 35 kg seed ha-1 ensure optimum seed yield for tested varieties under strip tillage system and cultivation of Bina mung- 5 at 35 kg seed ha-1 can produce the maximum seed yield under this system.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 81-86
Pre-Planting Hardening-Induced Variability in Yield Attributes and Yield of Inbreed and Hybrid Rice
Authors: Masrufa Sadia , Rahman Anisur , Hasanuzzaman Md , Anee Taufika Islam , Ali Md Hazrat , Hasanuzzaman Mirza
Published: October 2016

Short term hardening before transplanting may enhance the defence mechanism of rice seedlings against any stress during their establishment and contribute d to enhanced growth and yield. Thus, this study was conducted involving one local inbred (Pajam), one popular high yielding (BRRI dhan53) and one hybrid (BRRI hybrid dhan4) rice variety. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with two factors. Seedlings were transplanted directly to the main field as a control treatment and/or subjected to four different hardenings like seedlings storage in shade, open field under sunlight, float in water and cold air in refrigerator before transplantation. Hybrid variety out yielded both the local and inbred varieties due to their highest effective tillers, longer panicle length and 1000-grain weight. Pre-hardening of seedlings in open field under sunlight conditions enhanced the yield attributes and ultimate yield of rice compare to others. The best combination was pre-hardening seedlings in open field conditions with hybrid cultivar regarding to the yield attributes and final yields. It is suggested that hybrid variety and prehardening of seedlings before transplantation to the main field could be increase the rice yield productionsBangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(1): 87-97
Natural remedies for diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tariq Rehan , Khan Khalid Idrees , Masood Rizwan Ali , Wain Zafeer Naeem
Published: October 2016

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder and a progressive disease that needs proper attention as uncontrolled diabetes can lead to various acute and chronic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, gastropathy etc. Pharmacological management of diabetes is costly and has certain side effects. There is a need for the usage of natural diet in the management of diabetes, as it will be cost effective, easy to use and having no side effects. Healthy individuals must also be aware of healthy eating routines. The purpose of this review article is to highlight the importance of dietary management of diabetes. More than 81 plant species have anti-diabetic activities. In this review article, some of the most commonly used natural anti-diabetic sources are mentioned, some of which have already been used for management of diabetes since ancient times.Tariq et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, October 2016, 5(11): 97-102http://www.icpjonline.com/documents/Vol5Issue11/02.pdf
Recent Advances in the Design of Water Based-Flame Retardant Coatings for Polyester and Polyester-Cotton Blends
Authors: Alongi Jenny , Carosio Federico , Kiekens Paul
Published: October 2016

Over the last ten years a new trend of research activities regarding the flame retardancy of polymeric materials has arisen. Indeed, the continuous search for new flame retardant systems able to replace the traditional approaches has encouraged alternative solutions, mainly centred on nanotechnology. In this context, the deposition of nanostructured coatings on fabrics appears to be the most appealing and performance suitable approach. To this aim, different strategies can be exploited: from the deposition of a single monolayer consisting of inorganic nanoparticles (single-step adsorption) to the building-up of more complex architectures derived from layer by layer assembly (multi-step adsorption). The present paper aims to review the application of such systems in the field of polyester and polyester-cotton blend fabrics. The results collated by the authors are discussed and compared with those published in the literature on the basis of the different deposition methods adopted. A critical analysis of the advantages and disadvantages exhibited by these approaches is also presented.
A Visualization Review of Cloud Computing Algorithms in the Last Decade
Authors: Ruan Junhu , Chan Felix , Zhu Fangwei , Wang Xuping , Yang Jing
Published: October 2016

Cloud computing has competitive advantages—such as on-demand self-service, rapid computing, cost reduction, and almost unlimited storage—that have attracted extensive attention from both academia and industry in recent years. Some review works have been reported to summarize extant studies related to cloud computing, but few analyze these studies based on the citations. Co-citation analysis can provide scholars a strong support to identify the intellectual bases and leading edges of a specific field. In addition, advanced algorithms, which can directly affect the availability, efficiency, and security of cloud computing, are the key to conducting computing across various clouds. Motivated by these observations, we conduct a specific visualization review of the studies related to cloud computing algorithms using one mainstream co-citation analysis tool—CiteSpace. The visualization results detect the most influential studies, journals, countries, institutions, and authors on cloud computing algorithms and reveal the intellectual bases and focuses of cloud computing algorithms in the literature, providing guidance for interested researchers to make further studies on cloud computing algorithms.
Amphores hellénistiques d’Amathonte
Authors: Marangou Antigone
Published: October 2016

The paper focuses on the Hellenistic amphorae found during the excavations of the French archaeological mission in the northern area of the Amathus site near the fortifications, from the five-year campaign 2003-2007. Most of them are dated from the mid-3rd century BC to the early decades of the first century BC. The majority of amphorae originate from the Aegean region have been used as contain wines of Cos, Cnide, Ephesos and especially of Rhodes island. Some rarer samples are from Africa and Italy dating from the end of the second century or the beginning of the first century BC. The evidence obtained from the amphorae’s stamped handles is helpful for the chronology of the Hellenistic phase of the site and for tracing commercial relationship of Amathus with the others regions of the Mediterranean basin.
Observations sur le chimisme des champignons à l'aide du méthylparamidophénol
Authors: Bousset Maurice
Published: October 2016

1. — 121 espèces de champignons charnus ont été traités, à l'état frais, par le sulfate de monométhylparamidophénoL

2. — Les réactions présentées par 56 espèces sont nettement définies et se répartissent en quatre groupes : violettes, jaunes, rouges ou roses, nulles ou insignifiantes. Certains Bolets versicolores ont un comportement spécial.

3. — Les réactions diffèrent souvent d'une partie à l'autre du carpophore.

4. — Elles sont peut-être susceptibles d'une interprétation chimique plus précise (violet = oxygène disponible, jaune = cellulose).

5. — Elles peuvent être utilisées dans la reconnaissance des espèces (R . ochroleuca = violet vif et rapide. R. fellea — réact. négative).
Organizational change at Ford Motor Company in the face of international financial crisis
Authors: Baker Charles Richard
Published: October 2016

Cet article étudie certains changements organisationnels mis en œuvre chez Ford Motor Company, face à la crise financière qui a permis à l'entreprise de passer d'une perte de plusieurs milliards de dollars en 2006 à cinq années consécutives de bénéfices annuels de 2007 à 2012. Les changements organisationnels chez Ford ont été attribués à la direction d’Alan Mulally, qui était président et directeur général de Ford. Cet article aborde les stratégies de gestion du changement qu’il a mis en œuvre pour modifier la culture d'entreprise et les procédures opératoires chez Ford qui a conduit à la réussite de l’entreprise.
Strategies for estimating human exposure to mycotoxins via food
Authors: de Nijs M. , Mengelers M.J.B. , Boon P.E. , Heyndrickx E. , Hoogenboom L.A.P. , Lopez P. , Mol H.G.J.
Published: October 2016

In this review, five strategies to estimate mycotoxin exposure of a (sub-)population via food, including data collection, are discussed with the aim to identify the added values and limitations of each strategy for risk assessment of these chemicals. The well-established point estimate, observed individual mean, probabilistic and duplicate diet strategies are addressed, as well as the emerging human biomonitoring strategy. All five exposure assessment strategies allow the estimation of chronic (long-term) exposure to mycotoxins, and, with the exception of the observed individual mean strategy, also acute (short-term) exposure. Methods for data collection, i.e. food consumption surveys, food monitoring studies and total diet studies are discussed. In food monitoring studies, the driving force is often enforcement of legal limits, and, consequently, data are often generated with relatively high limits of quantification and targeted at products suspected to contain mycotoxin levels above these legal limits. Total diet studies provide a solid base for chronic exposure assessments since they provide mycotoxin levels in food based on well-defined samples and including the effect of food preparation. Duplicate diet studies and human biomonitoring studies reveal the actual exposure but often involve a restricted group of human volunteers and a limited time period. Human biomonitoring studies may also include exposure to mycotoxins from other sources than food, and exposure to modified mycotoxins that may not be detected with current analytical methods. Low limits of quantification are required for analytical methods applied for data collection to avoid large uncertainties in the exposure due to high numbers of left censored data, i.e. with levels below the limit of quantification.
Changes in FGFR2 amino-acid residue Asn549 lead to Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndrome with hydrocephalus
Authors: Apra Caroline , Collet Corinne , Arnaud Eric , Rocco Federico Di
Published: October 2016

Mutations in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor II (FGFR2) have been identified in patients with Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndrome, among which rare mutations of the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. Correlating subtle phenotypes with each rare mutation is still in progress. In Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, we identified three patients harboring three different pathogenic variants of the same amino acid residue Asn-549 located in this domain: in addition to a very typical crouzonoid appearance, they all developed clinically relevant hydrocephalus, which is an inconstant feature of Crouzon and Pfeiffer syndrome. Overall, FGFR2 tyrosine kinase domain mutations account for 5/67 (7.4%) cases in our hospital. We describe a novel mutation, p.Asn549Ser, and new cases of p.Asn549His and p.Asn549Thr mutations, each reported once before. Our three cases of Asn-549 mutations, alongside with rare previously reported cases, show that these patients are at higher risk of hydrocephalus. Clinical and imaging follow-up, with possible early surgery, may help prevent secondary intellectual disability.