bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Short Wavelength Infrared Absorption in Tri-Layer Metamaterials through Polymer Coating
Authors: Chawla Harshita , Shrivastava Vishnu Prasad
Published: December 2024

A highly efficient absorption in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) spectral region is essential for the advancement of technologies in energy harvesting, infrared detection, and thermal emission. This study presents a polymer-coated multilayer perfect absorber metamaterial (MPA) with enhanced performance in the SWIR range. The MPA structure comprises four layers: a Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) polymer top layer, an array of circular Titanium Nitride (TiN) disks as the second layer, thin film of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) as the dielectric middle layer, and a thin Titanium Nitride (TiN) film as the bottom metallic layer. Our findings demonstrate that this MPA achieves near-perfect absorption of 99% at a wavelength of 1.3 µm. The absorption characteristics are further investigated with respect to various structural parameters to ensure better performance of the absorber. The absorber holds great potential for applications in energy absorption, infrared sensing, thermal emission, and related fields.
An Investigation into Empirical Equations for Predicting Density and Packing Density Parameters Across Diverse Chemical Compositions: A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Kumar R. Praveen , Lenkennavar Susheela K.
Published: December 2024

This work investigates an empirical equation for predicting the density and packing density parameter for different chemical combinations. The empirical equation suggested by Makishima and Mackenzie (1973) was employed to calculate the values of Vi, which indicates the packing density parameter and the equation proposed by Inaba and Fujino (2010) was utilized to calculate the density values. To determine the density values accurately, Vi is essential. This research focuses on revisiting the density model established by Inaba and Fujino (2010) to increase its accuracy. It is found that the ionic packing ratio is approximately constant and independent of the chemical composition. For different categories of glasses, including silicate, tellurite, and phosphate. The density has been meticulously calculated. These calculations rely on compositional parameters such as molecular weight, molecular fractions, and notably, the ionic radius of various metals. Density values are fundamental to the theoretical examination of radiation properties in the Phy-x/PSD software. Utilizing advanced tools and software allows for the prediction of glass physical parameters, which are indispensable in the fields of optical devices and electronic materials. This research establishes a connection between the composition of oxide glasses and their density. Consequently, it enhances our understanding of the properties and behaviour of these materials.
Application of Conversational AI Models in Decision Making for Clinical Periodontology: Analysis and Predictive Modeling
Authors: Camlet Albert , Kusiak Aida , Świetlik Dariusz
Published: January 2025

(1) Background: Language represents a crucial ability of humans, enabling communication and collaboration. ChatGPT is an AI chatbot utilizing the GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer) language model architecture, enabling the generation of human-like text. The aim of the research was to assess the effectiveness of ChatGPT-3.5 and the latest version, ChatGPT-4, in responding to questions posed within the scope of a periodontology specialization exam. (2) Methods: Two certification examinations in periodontology, available in both English and Polish, comprising 120 multiple-choice questions, each in a single-best-answer format. The questions were additionally assigned to five types in accordance with the subject covered. These exams were utilized to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the chances of correct answers regarding the type of question, exam session, AI model, and difficulty index. (3) Results: The percentages of correct answers obtained by ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 in the Spring 2023 session in Polish and English were 40.3% vs. 55.5% and 45.4% vs. 68.9%, respectively. The periodontology specialty examination test accuracy of ChatGPT-4 was significantly better than that of ChatGPT-3.5 for both sessions (p < 0.05). For the ChatGPT-4 spring session, it was significantly more effective in the English language (p = 0.0325) due to the lack of statistically significant differences for ChatGPT-3.5. In the case of ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4, incorrect responses showed notably lower difficulty index values during the Spring 2023 session in English and Polish (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: ChatGPT-4 exceeded the 60% threshold and passed the examination in the Spring 2023 session in the English version. In general, ChatGPT-4 performed better than ChatGPT-3.5, achieving significantly better results in the Spring 2023 test in the Polish and English versions.
Harnessing the Power of an Integrated Artificial Intelligence Model for Enhancing Reliable and Efficient Dental Healthcare Systems
Authors: Nour Samar M. , Shehab Reem Salah , Said Samar A. , Abdel Halim Islam Tharwat
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, efficient dental healthcare systems are considered significant for upholding oral health. Also, the ability to utilize artificial intelligence for evaluating complex data implies that dental X-ray image recognition is a critical mechanism to enhance dental disease detection. Consequently, integrating deep learning algorithms into dental healthcare systems is considered a promising approach for enhancing the reliability and efficiency of diagnostic processes. In this context, an integrated artificial intelligence model is proposed to enhance model performance and interpretability. The basic idea of the proposed model is to augment the deep learning approach with Ensemble methods to improve the accuracy and robustness of dental healthcare. In the proposed model, a Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS) ensembled technique is employed to improve the accuracy of predictions along with combining outputs from multiple single models (YOLO8 and RT-DETR) to make a final decision. Experimental results on real-world datasets show that the proposed model gives high accuracy in miscellaneous dental diseases. The results show that the proposed model achieves 18% time reductions as well as 30% improvements in accuracy compared with other competitive deep learning algorithms. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed integrated model, achieved 74% mAP50 and 58% mAP50-90, outperforming existing models. Furthermore, the proposed model grants a high degree of system reliability.
Correction: Larsen, E.H.; Sørensen, J.N. Biophysical Analysis of a Minimalistic Kidney Model Expressing SGLT1 Reveals Crosstalk between Luminal and Lateral Membranes and a Plausible Mechanism of Isosmotic Transport. Biomolecules 2024, 14, 889
Authors: Larsen Erik Hviid , Sørensen Jens Nørkær
Published: January 2025

The authors would like to modify Equations (5a) and (5b) in Section 3 [...]
Caught in the Crossfire: Unmasking the Silent Renal Threats of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Benkhadra Maria , Ghasoub Rola , Hajeomar Reem , Alshurafa Awni , Qasem Nabeel Mohammad , Saglio Giuseppe , Cortes Jorge , Elkonaissi Islam , Kaddoura Rasha , Yassin Mohamed A.
Published: January 2025

Background: Renal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are relatively rare, and there is currently no standardized protocol for their management. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize renal ADRs related to TKIs use in CML and propose an evidence-based approach to monitor and manage these ADRs. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed to identify renal ADRs associated with TKIs in CML. Two authors screened the search results and extracted data from 37 eligible studies. These findings were then used to develop a scheme for clinicians to monitor and manage these ADRs. Results: Overall, imatinib seemed to be significantly linked to renal adverse events compared to other TKIs, and switching to dasatinib or nilotinib significantly improved renal function. Similar events were reported with bosutinib, although they were not statistically significant. However, most of the renal events reported on dasatinib were described as nephrotic syndrome that resolved with switching to imatinib. Few cases were reported with nilotinib that described tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)-related kidney injury. Conclusions: Recommendations include monitoring for progressive decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate with imatinib, nephrotic syndrome with dasatinib, and TLS with nilotinib. Additionally, holding the offending TKI and managing renal ADRs according to local guidelines were adopted more frequently than reducing the TKI dose.
DKK1 and Its Receptors in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Promising Molecular Target
Authors: Despotidis Markos , Lyros Orestis , Driva Tatiana S. , Sarantis Panagiotis , Kapetanakis Emmanouil I. , Mylonakis Adam , Mamilos Andreas , Sakellariou Stratigoula , Schizas Dimitrios
Published: January 2025

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an aggressive gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy with increasing incidence. Despite the recent progress in targeted therapies and surgical approaches, the survival rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma patients remain poor. The Dickkopf (DKK) proteins are secretory proteins known mainly as antagonists of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is considered an oncogene. However, it has been shown that in several GI cancers, including esophageal cancer, DKK1 may act as an oncogene itself through Wnt-independent signaling pathways. LRP5\6 and Kremen1/2 (Krm1/2) are transmembrane receptors to which the DKK proteins are mainly known to bind. CKAP4 (cytoskeleton-associated protein 4) is a novel receptor of DKK1, and the DKK1-CKAP4 pathway seems to be crucial in the role of DKK1 as an oncogene. The aim of this review is to feature the essential role of DKK1 and its receptors in carcinogenesis with a focus on EAC in an era of urgent need for specific biomarkers along with improved targeted therapies.
Integrated Lung, Diaphragm and Lower Limb Muscular Ultrasound: Clinical Correlations in Geriatric Patients with Acute Respiratory Illness
Authors: Cerundolo Nicoletta , Siniscalchi Carmine , Okoye Chukwuma , Scarlata Simone , Parise Alberto , Rendo Martina , Guerra Angela , Meschi Tiziana , Nouvenne Antonio , Ticinesi Andrea
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Point-of-care lung ultrasonography (LUS) represents an accurate diagnostic tool in older patients with respiratory failure. The integration of LUS with ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragm thickness and excursion, right vastus lateralis (RVL) muscle thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) could provide real-time information on frailty and sarcopenia. The primary aim of this proof-of-concept prospective study was to evaluate clinical correlates of thoracic, diaphragmatic, and muscular ultrasound to characterize the associations between frailty, respiratory failure, and sarcopenia in older patients hospitalized for acute respiratory complaints. Methods: Each of 52 participants (age median 84, IQR 80–89 years old) underwent integrated LUS, diaphragm and RVL ultrasound examination upon admission (T0) and after 72 h of hospitalization (T1). LUS score was used to estimate lung interstitial syndrome severity. Diaphragm excursion, thickness, RVL thickness and CSA were measured following a standardized protocol. Frailty was assessed with the PC-FI (Primary Care-Frailty Index). Results: All patients exhibited multifactorial causes of respiratory symptoms. The LUS score on T0 predicted 3-month rehospitalization. Frail patients exhibited higher LUS scores on T1. Diaphragm excursion on T0 was reduced in patients with COPD and heart failure and in those developing delirium during hospitalization. Diaphragm excursion on T1 was negatively associated with PC-FI. Diaphragm thickness, RVL thickness, and CSA exhibited a positive association with obesity. Right vastus lateralis CSA on T1, however, was also negatively associated with PC-FI. Conclusions: Integrated lung, diaphragm, and RVL ultrasound shows clinical correlations with several aspects of frailty that may help to improve the management of geriatric patients with respiratory illness.
Advanced Glycation End-Product-Modified Heat Shock Protein 90 May Be Associated with Urinary Stones
Authors: Takata Takanobu , Inoue Shinya , Kunii Kenshiro , Masauji Togen , Moriya Junji , Motoo Yoshiharu , Miyazawa Katsuhito
Published: January 2025

Background: Urinary stones (urolithiasis) have been categorized as kidney stones (renal calculus), ureteric stones (ureteral calculus and ureterolith), bladder stones (bladder calculus), and urethral stones (urethral calculus); however, the mechanisms underlying their promotion and related injuries in glomerular and tubular cells remain unclear. Although lifestyle-related diseases (LSRDs) such as hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetic mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular disease are risk factors for urolithiasis, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) on the membrane of HK-2 human proximal tubular epithelium cells has been associated with the adhesion of urinary stones and cytotoxicity. Further, HSP90 in human pancreatic and breast cells can be modified by various advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), thus affecting their function. Hypothesis 1: We hypothesized that HSP90s on/in human proximal tubular epithelium cells can be modified by various types of AGEs, and that they may affect their functions and it may be a key to reveal that LSRDs are associated with urolithiasis. Hypothesis 2: We considered the possibility that Japanese traditional medicines for urolithiasis may inhibit AGE generation. Of Choreito and Urocalun (the extract of Quercus salicina Blume/Quercus stenophylla Makino) used in the clinic, Choreito is a Kampo medicine, while Urocalun is a characteristic Japanese traditional medicine. As Urocalun contains quercetin, hesperidin, and p-hydroxy cinnamic acid, which can inhibit AGE generation, we hypothesized that Urocalun may inhibit the generation of AGE-modified HSP90s in human proximal tubular epithelium cells.
Redox Potential and Its Control in Research and Commercial Wine Fermentations
Authors: Nelson James , Boulton Roger , Knoesen André
Published: January 2025

Redox potential is a solution property that influences specific yeast and bacterial activities and the rate of fermentation completion. There is a need to control it if reproducible fermentation outcomes are to be achieved and reliable conclusions are drawn at both the research and commercial scale of wine fermentation. Desirable outcomes that have been observed so far in wine fermentation include the prevention of sluggish and incomplete fermentations, an enhancement in cell viability, increases in the maintenance rate of non-growing cells, and the avoidance of hydrogen sulfide formation when elemental sulfur is present. Other expected fermentation outcomes include changes in the ratios of glycerol and succinate to ethanol, certain aroma and flavor components, and sulfite formation from sulfate in the juice. The juice composition determines the redox potential’s initial value, and the yeast strain’s interaction with the changing juice composition determines the pattern of the potential during fermentation. This interaction also establishes the dynamic response of the prevailing redox buffer to disturbances and the ability to control the potential during fermentation. The chemical reaction sequence, entities, and speciation thought to be responsible for establishing the redox potential in juices and wine are described. A quantitative model for control purposes remains elusive. Examples of the role of added iron in juice, different yeast strains, ambient light, and the addition of external hydrogen peroxide on the response of the potential are presented. Recent examples of controlling the redox potential during white wine and red wine fermentation at a commercial scale are presented, and areas for future research are identified.
A Field Trial to Demonstrate the Potential of a Vitamin B Diet Supplement in Reducing Oxidative Stress and Improving Hygienic and Grooming Behaviors in Honey Bees
Authors: Jovanovic Nemanja M. , Glavinic Uros , Stevanovic Jevrosima , Ristanic Marko , Vejnovic Branislav , Dolasevic Slobodan , Stanimirovic Zoran
Published: January 2025

The honey bee is an important insect pollinator that provides critical pollination services for natural and agricultural systems worldwide. However, inadequate food weakens honey bee colonies, making them vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic factors. In this study, we examined the impact of supplementary feeding on bees’ genes for antioxidative enzymes and vitellogenin, oxidative stress parameters, and the hygienic and grooming behavior. The colonies were divided into two experimental groups (with ten hives each): a treatment group that received the plant-based supplement and a control group. The experiment was conducted in two seasons, spring and summer. After the treatment, in both seasons, all the monitored parameters in the treatment group differed from those in the control group. The expression levels of genes for antioxidative enzymes were significantly lower, but the vitellogenin gene transcript level was significantly higher. Values of oxidative stress parameters were significantly lower. The levels of hygienic and grooming behavior were significantly higher. Therefore, our field study indicates that the tested supplement exerted beneficial effects on bees, reflected in reduced oxidative stress and enhanced hygienic and grooming behavior.
Fat Body Metabolome Revealed Glutamine Metabolism Pathway Involved in Prepupal Apis mellifera Responding to Cold Stress
Authors: Xu Xinjian , Cao Mingjie , Zhu Chenyu , Mo Lingqing , Huang Huajiao , Xie Jiaying , Zhou Bingfeng , Zhou Shujing , Zhu Xiangjie
Published: January 2025

Thermal condition affects the development and growth of ectotherms. The stenothermic honeybee brood, particularly the prepupae, are sensitive to low rearing temperature. The fat body plays important roles in energy reserve and metabolism during the honeybee brood development. To date, the fat body metabolic changes in prepupae responding to cold stress have not been completely understood. In this study, the ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)-based non-target metabolome was analyzed between the cold-treated (CT, 20 °C, 36 h) and control (CK, 35 °C) fat body in prepupal honeybees. The fat body metabolomic data showed that the levels of 1860 and 254 metabolites were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in cold-stressed prepupae. These altered metabolites, glutamine, glutamic acid, pyroglutamic acid, and oxidized glutathione, were significantly enriched into glutamine metabolism and glutathione metabolism pathways. Furthermore, the expression levels of glutamine metabolism-related genes, glutaminase (GLS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT-1 and GGT-7), were significantly decreased in cold-exposed prepupae compared with the control groups. Meanwhile, the oxidized glutathione (GSSG), but not the reduced glutathione (GSH) content, was increased in the cold-exposed group compared with controls. Collectively, our data revealed the fat body metabolomic changes in larva-to-pupa transition when exposed to cold stress. Our data provided new insights into stenothermic honeybee sensitivity to cold, characterized by perturbation of glutamine metabolism and oxidative stress.
A Novel HPNVD Descriptor for 3D Local Surface Description
Authors: Sa Jiming , Zhang Xuecheng , Yuan Yuan , Song Yuyan , Ding Liwei , Huang Yechen
Published: January 2025

Existing methods for 3D local feature description often struggle to achieve a good balance between distinctiveness, robustness, and computational efficiency. To address this challenge, a novel 3D local feature descriptor named Histograms of Projected Normal Vector Distribution (HPNVD) is proposed. The HPNVD descriptor consists of two main components. First, a local reference frame (LRF) is constructed based on the covariance matrix and neighborhood projection to achieve invariance to rigid transformations. Then, the local surface normals are projected onto three coordinate planes within the LRF, which allows for effective encoding of the local shape information. The projection planes are further divided into multiple regions, and a histogram is computed for each plane to generate the final HPNVD descriptor. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed HPNVD descriptor outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of descriptiveness and robustness, while maintaining compact storage and computational efficiency. Moreover, the HPNVD-based point cloud registration algorithm shows excellent performance, further validating the effectiveness of the descriptor.
Left Coronary Artery—Right Ventricle Fistula Case Report: Optimal Treatment Decision
Authors: Veljković Stefan , Peruničić Ana , Lakčević Jovana , Šljivo Armin , Radoičić Dragana , Farkić Mihajlo , Boljević Darko , Kljajević Jelena , Bojić Milovan , Nikolić Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

Coronary artery fistulas (CAFs) are rare congenital anomalies, presenting in 0.05–0.9% of cases, characterized by an aberrant connection between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or great vessel. Clinical manifestations can include heart failure, myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal, arrhythmias, or infective endocarditis. We report a case of a 39-year-old man initially evaluated in 2016 for peripheral edema and suspected right ventricular (RV) abnormality. Earlier assessments indicated a left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery–RV fistula, but initial catheterization was nondiagnostic. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a dilated left coronary artery (LCA) and an RV apex aneurysm, confirmed by CT and coronary angiography, showing a 14 mm LAD fistula with large aneurysmal sacs (45.6 × 37.3 mm). Cardiac MRI demonstrated a tortuous LAD fistula draining into RV aneurysmal sacs with preserved biventricular function. Surgical intervention was recommended, but the patient declined and was lost to follow-up until 2022, being asymptomatic. Re-evaluation showed progression in aneurysm size (47 × 45 mm and 16 × 18 mm) without ventricular functional change. Follow-up TTE in 2023 indicated stable findings. This case emphasizes the necessity of multimodal imaging (TTE, CT, MRI, angiography) for CAF diagnosis and management planning. Given the variability in CAF presentation and outcomes, individualized management—including surgical, percutaneous, or conservative strategies—is crucial. Persistent follow-up is essential for monitoring potential complications and guiding treatment, even in asymptomatic patients refusing intervention.
Comparison of Robot-Assisted, Laparoscopic, and Open Radical Prostatectomy Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis from KSER Update Series
Authors: Kim Do Kyung , Moon Young Joon , Chung Doo Yong , Jung Hae Do , Jeon Seung Hyun , Kang Seok Ho , Paick Sunghyun , Lee Joo Yong
Published: January 2025

Background and Objectives: We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate and compare the perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) with open radical prostatectomy (ORP) in patients with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in Pubmed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library for papers published before May 2021. Only studies of patients with prostate cancer that assessed perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes and reported outcome values were included. We used a Bayesian hierarchical random-effects model to synthesize data from multiple studies, enabling both direct and indirect comparisons of the three surgical approaches (RARP, LRP, ORP) to provide robust estimates of their relative efficacy. This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021282555). Results: A total of 80 studies were finally included in the present study. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) rates were lower for RARP than for ORP (RR 0.713, 95% CrI 0.587–0.869) and LRP (RR 0.672, 95% CrI 0.505–0.895). Compared with ORP, RARP had a significantly lower positive surgical margin (RR 0.893, 95% CrI 0.807–0.985). When compared to ORP, RARP and LRP showed no significant difference in continence (RR 1.057, 95% CrI 0.997–1.124; RR 0.921, 95% CrI 0.845–1.007). When compared to ORP, RARP was significantly more effective on potency (RR 1.201, 95% CrI 1.047–1.402). The potency rate was significantly higher for RARP than for ORP (RR 1.201, 95% CrI 1.047–1.402) and LRP (RR 1.438, 95% CrI 1.191–1.762). There was no difference in the estimated blood loss or the total and major complication rates between RARP, ORP, and LRP. The operation time was longest for LRP. There was no difference in the operation time between RARP and ORP. Conclusions: RARP may be better or comparable to ORP and LRP in terms of oncologic outcomes (PSM and BCR), functional outcomes (potency and incontinence), and perioperative outcomes (EBL, operation time, and total and major complications).
Recombinant Production of Bovine αS1-Casein in Genome-Reduced Bacillus subtilis Strain IIG-Bs-20-5-1
Authors: Biermann Lennart , Tadele Lea Rahel , Benatto Perino Elvio Henrique , Nicholson Reed , Lilge Lars , Hausmann Rudolf
Published: January 2025

Background: Cow’s milk represents an important protein source. Here, especially casein proteins are important components, which might be a promising source of alternative protein production by microbial expression systems. Nevertheless, caseins are difficult-to-produce proteins, making heterologous production challenging. However, the potential of genome-reduced Bacillus subtilis was applied for the recombinant production of bovine αS1-casein protein. Methods: A plasmid-based gene expression system was established in B. subtilis allowing the production of his-tagged codon-optimized bovine αS1-casein. Upscaling in a fed-batch bioreactor system for high cell-density fermentation processes allowed for efficient recombinant αS1-casein production. After increasing the molecular abundance of the recombinant αS1-casein protein using immobilized metal affinity chromatography, zeta potential and particle size distribution were determined in comparison to native bovine αS1-casein. Results: Non-sporulating B. subtilis strain BMV9 and genome-reduced B. subtilis strain IIG-Bs-20-5-1 were applied for recombinant αS1-casein production. Casein was detectable only in the insoluble protein fraction of the genome-reduced B. subtilis strain. Subsequent high cell-density fed-batch bioreactor cultivations using strain IIG-Bs-20-5-1 resulted in a volumetric casein titer of 56.9 mg/L and a yield of 1.6 mgcasein/gCDW after reducing the B. subtilis protein content. Comparative analyses of zeta potential and particle size between pre-cleaned recombinant and native αS1-casein showed pH-mediated differences in aggregation behavior. Conclusions: The study demonstrates the potential of B. subtilis for the recombinant production of bovine αS1-casein and underlines the potential of genome reduction for the bioproduction of difficult-to-produce proteins.
Understanding the Utilization of Wasted Bread as a Brewing Adjunct for Producing a Sustainable Wheat Craft Beer
Authors: Dall’Acua Katry , Klein Manuela Poletto , Tech Bárbara Iegli , Fontana Alessandra , Crepalde Ludmylla Tamara , Wagner Roger , de Oliveira Fernanda de Candido , Sant’Anna Voltaire
Published: January 2025

Wasted bread (WB) has been studied as an alternative ingredient for increasing the sustainable footprint in the beer production chain. There are gaps in the literature on the impact of WB on beer manufacturing. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the addition of WB as a replacement for wheat flakes in a craft beer. Three formulations with different concentrations of WB were produced and monitored for glucose and maltose concentrations in the mash; the beer was analyzed for ethanol, glycerol, acetic acid, lactic acid, pH, acidity, turbidity, color, and volatile compounds. Sensory analysis was performed by a trained panel. In the initial stages of mashing, a higher concentration of sugars was found in the wort with WB added, while, at the end stages, this was higher in the control wort. The addition of WB resulted in beers with a lower turbidity, darker color, and lower concentrations of ethanol, glycerol, and acetic acid. Among the volatile compounds, D-limonene, ethyl dodecanoate, heptanol, acetaldehyde, and ethyl acetate should be further explored as markers for the presence of WB. Higher intensities of banana odor and flavors were observed by the trained panel when there was a greater substitution of wheat flakes. WB is a low-cost and effective ingredient for beer production, although more work is needed for its large-scale use.
Preparation of Zwitterionic Sulfobetaines and Study of Their Thermal Properties and Nanostructured Self-Assembling Features
Authors: Amrenova Yenglik , Zhengis Arshyn , Yergesheva Arailym , Abutalip Munziya , Nuraje Nurxat
Published: January 2025

Zwitterionic polymers have garnered significant attention for their distinctive properties, such as biocompatibility, antifouling capabilities, and resistance to protein adsorption, making them promising candidates for a wide range of applications, including drug delivery, oil production inhibitors, and water purification membranes. This study reports the synthesis and characterization of zwitterionic monomers and polymers through the modification of linear, vinyl, and aromatic heterocyclic functional groups via reaction with 1,3-propanesultone. Four zwitterionic polymers with varying molecular structures—ranging from linear to five and six membered ring systems—were synthesized: poly(sulfobetaine methacrylamide) (pSBMAm), poly(sulfobetaine-1-vinylimidazole) (pSB1VI), poly(sulfobetaine-2-vinylpyridine) (pSB2VP), and poly(sulfobetaine-4-vinylpyridine) (pSB4VP). Their molecular weights, thermal behavior, and self-assembly properties were analyzed using gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential measurements. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) ranged from 276.52 °C for pSBMAm to 313.69 °C for pSB4VP, while decomposition temperatures exhibited a similar trend, with pSBMAm degrading at 301.03 °C and pSB4VP at 387.14 °C. The polymers’ self-assembly behavior was strongly dependent on pH and their surface charge, particularly under varying pH conditions: spherical micelles were observed at neutral pH, while fractal aggregates formed at basic pH. These results demonstrate that precise modifications of the chemical structure, specifically in the linear, imidazole, and pyridine moieties, enable fine control over the thermal properties and self-assembly behavior of polyzwitterions. Such insights are essential for tailoring polymer properties for targeted applications in filtration membranes, drug delivery systems, and solid polymer electrolytes, where thermal stability and self-assembly play crucial roles.
Biological and Nutritional Applications of Microalgae
Authors: Sarıtaş Sümeyye , Kalkan Arda Erkan , Yılmaz Kadir , Gurdal Savas , Göksan Tolga , Witkowska Anna Maria , Lombardo Mauro , Karav Sercan
Published: January 2025

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that have a rapid growth cycle and carbon fixation ability. They have diverse cellular structures, ranging from prokaryotic cyanobacteria to more complex eukaryotic forms, which enable them to thrive in a variety of environments and support biomass production. They utilize both photosynthesis and heterotrophic pathways, indicating their ecological importance and potential for biotechnological applications. Reproducing primarily through asexual means, microalgae have complex cell cycles that are crucial for their growth and ability to adapt to changing conditions. Additionally, microalgae possess bioactive compounds that make them both nutritious and functional. Thanks to their content of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, they play an important role in the development of functional food products, particularly by enhancing nutritional content and product quality. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that algae and algal bioactive compounds support cardiovascular health, immune function, and gut health, especially in relation to obesity and other metabolic diseases. They also contribute to skin health and cognitive functions, including memory. This review article explores the biological, nutritional, and functional properties of microalgae based on the studies conducted.
Understanding the Adoption of Autonomous Vehicles in China Based on TRI and TAM
Authors: He Xiuhong , Zhang Heng , Guo Ju , Wang Yingchun
Published: January 2025

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) represent a notable advancement in automotive technology, with the potential to enhance road safety, decrease energy consumption, and mitigate environmental pollution. This study aims to advance the understanding of AV development by proposing a research framework centered on the framework of “personality–perception–behavioral intention”. This framework is utilized to examine the influence of consumers’ personality traits and perceptions on their intention to adopt AVs. The research model was empirically tested using data collected from 310 questionnaires. The findings indicate that consumers’ personality traits, specifically optimism and innovativeness, along with their perception of the usefulness of AVs, exert a significant positive influence on their adoption intentions. Furthermore, the impact of these factors varies considerably across different consumer segments. Conversely, factors such as discomfort, insecurity, and perceived ease of use do not demonstrate a significant effect on the intention to adopt AVs.
Restoring the Shattered Self: A Christian Counselor's Guide to Complex Trauma
Authors: Goss-Reaves Lori
Published: January 2025

None required for a book review.
Beliefs and Practices
Authors: Hart III James S.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify how Christian Black-White married couples use spirituality to address stressors within their interracial union. Six couples comprised of Black women and White men participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with each spouse and conjointly with each couple. A thematic analysis of the data revealed three common stressors which were parental disapproval, experiencing racism and discrimination, and raising biracial children. The analysis also revealed that theological beliefs and spiritual practices were used to mitigate the identified stressors. The findings suggest that there were four theological beliefs that assisted couples: God ordained their marriage; racism and discrimination are the result of sin; their identity is in Christ rather than their race; and since God had forgiven them, they were to forgive those who have been racist or discriminatory. The spiritual practices included using prayer, applying love, and confrontation. This study’s findings suggests that spiritual beliefs and practices can mitigate the stressors experienced by Christian Black-White couples. Implications for clinical practice and recommendations for future research are also discussed.
Micro or Macro?
Authors: Peter Szto Peter
Published: January 2025

N/A
Co-Contributor Introduction - Timbers
Authors: Timbers Veronica
Published: January 2025

None
Response to Goodwin & Raffety
Authors: Vanderwoerd James
Published: January 2025

none
Who Owns AI?
Authors: Whitaker Amy
Published: December 2024

While artificial intelligence (AI) stands to transform artistic practice and creative industries, little has been theorized about who owns AI for creative work. Lawsuits brought against AI companies such as OpenAI and Meta under copyright law invite novel reconsideration of the value of creative work. This paper synthesizes across copyright, hybrid practice, and cooperative governance to work toward collective ownership and decision-making. This work adds to research in arts entrepreneurship because copyright and shared value is so vital to the livelihood of working artists, including writers, filmmakers, and others in the creative industries. Sarah Silverman’s lawsuit against OpenAI is used as the main case study. The conceptual framework of material and machine, one and many, offers a lens onto value creation and shared ownership of AI. The framework includes a reinterpretation of the fourth factor of fair use under U.S. copyright law to refocus on the doctrinal language of value. AI uses the entirety of creative work in a way that is overlooked because of the small scale of one whole work relative to the overall size of the AI model. Yet a theory of value for creative work gives it dignity in its smallness, the way that one vote still has dignity in a national election of millions. As we navigate these frontiers of AI, experimental models pioneered by artists may be instructive far outside the arts.
The Design of the Mayfair Flats
Authors: Moore Cameron
Published: December 2024

Constructed in Parnell, Auckland, in 1929, and listed as Category 2 place by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust in 1981, the Mayfair Flats are a remarkably well-preserved example of 1920s apartment design in Aotearoa New Zealand. This paper aims to comprehensively analyse the Mayfair Flats building, exploring its historical context, and how the limitations and opportunities of the budget, materials and technology inform the architectural response. The spatial organisation, layout between the private and shared spaces, the structural system, materials and architectural elements that define this character of the building can be understood by examining the architectural principles employed by the architect, William Gummer, learned during his time at London’s Royal Academy of Art, and made clear by the design books he read and recommended to other professionals and students. This paper will also discuss the client’s motivations and the building’s construction history. This research aims to deepen our understanding of the architectural significance of the Mayfair Flats in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland.
The Future Promise of Tau Henare Marae
Authors: Rawiri Keisha
Published: December 2024

This article explores how traditional knowledge and the aspirations of Tau Henare Marae whānau, of Ngāti Hine iwi and Te Orewai hapū, shaped an architectural design response – a proposed master plan for future development. This plan embeds their identity within both natural and built environments. Findings are presented from a Master of Architecture (Professional) thesis employing kaupapa Māori (Māori approach) methodologies such as pūrākau (a collection of traditional oral Māori narratives), Te Aranga Principles (Māori design principles), wānanga (discussing and learning about tribal knowledge) and whānau interviews in a comprehensive qualitative analysis of Tau Henare Marae buildings and landscaping. The research revealed that integrating kaupapa Māori approaches into architectural design significantly enhances iwi (tribe) and hapū (subtribe) engagement and promotes a strong sense of identity, leading to innovative re-imaginings of the built environment. This work underscores the importance of incorporating kaupapa Māori methodologies into architectural practice, serving as a model for sustainable and culturally informed design in Aotearoa New Zealand. By translating these methodologies into practical design outcomes, this model effectively connects research, iwi, hapū and communities, offering an accessible vision for future master plan developments in collaboration with local stakeholders.
Designing Alongside Māori: Theorising Experiences of Relational, Place-Based Architectural Practice in Aotearoa
Authors: Temby-Spence Abigail
Published: December 2024

The research project “Designing Alongside Māori: New Possibilities in Practising Architecture as Tangata Tiriti” grew out of an observation of the lack of literature available for non-Indigenous architectural practitioners and students wanting to support Māori tino rangatiratanga (self-determination) in Aotearoa New Zealand. Qualitative interviews were sought with non-Indigenous architectural practitioners identified by Māori architectural practitioners as having culturally sustaining architectural practice. A thematic analysis of these interviews explored the relational, place-based approach that allowed practitioners to remain in their own cultural traditions while centring Māori ways of being, behaving and perceiving the world. This deeply relational approach to people and place strengthened interviewees’ identities as tangata tiriti (people of the Treaty) in collective relationship with tangata whenua (people of the land), and through this, relationship with the whenua (land) itself. These relationships and connections to place are strong enough for interviewees to be able to face Aotearoa’s colonial settler history, harm caused by mainstream architectural practice, and to persevere even though they know they will make mistakes as they seek to practise architecture in culturally sustaining ways. Interview themes are placed within the context of more established tangata tiriti literature developed in other professions in Aotearoa, and in the context of relational, place-based approaches underpinning non-Indigenous decolonial literature in other countries with dominant White-settler populations. In place of an abstracted morality of culturally competent design practice, a relational, emplaced, culturally sustaining architectural practice is put forward with an emphasis on developing healthy relationships.
Análise numérica do aquecimento por indução de barras de aço
Authors: Zanardi Maurício Araujo , Tana Luiz Fernando Bissoli , Leite Newton Galvão de Campos , Reis Luiz Carlos Bevilaqua S.
Published: December 2024

Neste trabalho, aborda-se a modelagem por elementos finitos de um aquecimento indutivo de barras de aço utilizadas no forjamento de hastes, tendo como principal objetivo avaliar a variação de temperatura radial da barra de aço aquecida pelo indutor e o impacto das propriedades envolvidas no aquecimento. A técnica de aquecimento por indução trata-se de um processo com alto grau de repetição e alto volume de produtividade, utilizada para aquecimento de peças dos mais diversos formatos, sendo amplamente empregada na indústria. A base para a modelagem matemática é feita por meio das quatro equações de Maxwell relacionadas às propriedades magnéticas dos materiais. O método utilizado para os elementos finitos é de resíduos ponderados (Galerkin) que leva a uma boa aproximação dos resultados. É feito um detalhamento da modelagem matemática do método aplicado no programa utilizado
Bullying nas escolas: a visão dos professores no combate e prevenção
Authors: Luís Maria Dulcilene Pereira da Silva
Published: December 2024

O bullying nas escolas é um fenômeno complexo que afeta o ambiente escolar e o desenvolvimento dos estudantes de forma profunda e duradoura. As agressões físicas, psicológicas e verbais, assim como a exclusão social, são algumas das manifestações que caracterizam o bullying, cujas consequências incluem desde a baixa autoestima até problemas graves de saúde mental para as vítimas. Diante desse cenário, os professores desempenham um papel fundamental no combate e na prevenção do bullying nas escolas. Como figuras de autoridade e modelos de comportamento para os alunos, eles estão em posição privilegiada para identificar, intervir e mediar conflitos. Nesse contexto, os professores desempenham um papel fundamental no combate e na prevenção do bullying nas escolas. Como figuras de autoridade e modelos de comportamento para os alunos, eles estão em posição privilegiada para identificar, intervir e mediar conflitos. No entanto, o preparo e a percepção dos professores sobre o bullying variam significativamente, dependendo de fatores como a formação, as políticas escolares e os recursos disponíveis. Conclui-se que, a análise das perspectivas dos professores sobre o bullying escolar evidencia a complexidade desse problema, que afeta profundamente tanto o ambiente acadêmico quanto o bem-estar emocional dos alunos. A maioria dos docentes reconhece que o bullying tem impactos sérios no desenvolvimento dos estudantes, prejudicando o desempenho acadêmico e fomentando um ambiente de medo e insegurança. A prevenção e intervenção eficazes são consideradas essenciais, com muitos professores destacando a importância de estratégias que envolvam a comunidade escolar de maneira ampla.
Sosialisasi Infrastruktur Sanitasi Permukiman Berbasis Kesehatan Lingkungan Desa Raba Kabupaten Bima
Authors: ERDIANSYAHPUTRA B , Sharwanda Asfarina  , Syahrir
Published: January 2025

Adequate sanitation infrastructure is a critical component to ensure the environmental sustainability and public health of settlements. This infrastructure must be properly designed, constructed, and maintained to ensure health and the environment. This service aims to provide information about environmentally friendly sanitation techniques to the community. In order to get a data base planning as an effort to manage sustainable sanitation. The method used is by conducting socialisation related to sanitation infrastructure, counselling on clean and healthy lifestyles and verifying the feasibility of settlement sanitation. The results of the socialisation activities showed that the need for sanitation infrastructure in Raba Village is still very much, this is because no one has access to sanitation or wastewater treatment systems that meet technical standards and based on MBR there are still 17, 14 and 11 units that do not have access to sanitation in each hamlet in Raba Village, Wawo Sub-district, Bima Regency.
Implementasi Terapi Menggambar Pada Anak Penyandang Tunarungu Menggunakan Komunikasi Bisindo
Authors: Asa Priscila , Langingi Ake Royke Calvin , Melany Kumayas  , Greita Marya Selina Timpal  , Sri Rejeki Monica Suparlan  , Zefania Pagayang
Published: January 2025

Deaf children experience partial or complete loss of hearing function, which has complex impacts on their lives. The purpose of this activity is to implement drawing therapy for hearing-impaired children using sign language communication. The method used is the implementation method of drawing or coloring. Drawing therapy is very important to apply to hearing-impaired children to alleviate boredom and even anxiety. The results obtained from this activity indicate a change in feelings to become happier and a more cheerful mood with art therapy. Other therapies are also needed, besides drawing therapy, such as learning basic mathematics to stimulate brain intelligence.