bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discrete-element modelling of underground tunnel response to reverse fault rupture in sand
Authors: Mehrabi Ronak , Baziar Mohammad Hassan , Nabizadeh Ali , Hung Wen Yi
Published: October 2021

The interaction between an underground tunnel in a sand deposit while a reverse fault rupture propagates from the bedrock to the ground surface was simulated using the discrete-element method (DEM). The propagation pattern of the fault ruptures and the deformation profiles of the soil at the ground surface were analysed in detail considering the effects of the location and rigidity of the tunnel. The DEM simulations were verified against a set of centrifuge laboratory experiments. The DEM simulations were also compared with a set of finite-element numerical models and the efficiency of each method for the simulation of fault rupture–tunnel interaction was assessed for the first time. Both the DEM and the continuum numerical models were found to be effective complementary tools, capable of providing valuable insight into fault–tunnel  interaction mechanisms. However, the DEM simulations produced a better correlation with the experimental results.
Effect of lime-stabilised copper slag cushion on swelling behaviour of highly plastic clay
Authors: Lavanya C , Kumar N D
Published: October 2021

Clay soil is prone to seasonal volume change due to variation in water content. The use of waste materials in civil engineering, especially in road construction, has been in vogue all over the world due to the development of road infrastructure. Copper slag is one such waste material available abundantly from the copper industry in India. This paper discusses the heave and swelling of copper slag–cushioned clayey subgrade prepared in a model test tank. The results revealed that the methodology adopted is effective in reducing the swelling of clay. The thickness ratios of the stabilised copper slag cushion and clayey subgrade bed adopted are 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0. The copper slag cushion is stabilised with lime content varying from 2 to 10%. A reduction in heave of clayey soil subgrade bed is observed with an increase in the percentage of lime and the thickness of the copper slag cushion. For a cushion–clay soil subgrade thickness ratio h c/h s = 1, the reduction in the heave of a clayey subgrade bed is 84.4%. The swell potential observed from the present study follows well the trend obtained from the rectangular hyperbolic model.
Effects of fibre additions on the tensile strength and crack behaviour of unsaturated clay
Authors: Wang Jianye , Hughes Paul N. , Augarde Charles E.
Published: October 2021

Desiccation cracking in clay soils is a combined mechanical and hydraulic problem and such soils can be improved by various methods including reinforcement with fibres. The relationships between tensile strength, cracking resistance and water-retention properties of fibre-reinforced fine-grained soils lack coverage in the literature to date. In this study, these three properties are evaluated and connected by way of a series of tensile strength and desiccation cracking tests on fibre-reinforced London clay. The results confirm that increased fibre addition delays the occurrence of peak stress and changes failure behaviour from brittle to ductile. The tensile strength increment gets higher as water content decreases, and reaches a maximum value of 460 kPa when the water content is 12%. The crack intensity factor reduces from 7.20% to 0.89% when 12 mm long fibre is used at a ratio of 0.9%. Fibre reinforcement also changes the crack development pattern by reducing the size of large cracks and increasing the proportion of small individual cracks. However, the presence of fibres was not observed to change the water-retention properties of the soil, indicating that the tensile improvement comes from the pull-out resistance of the fibres rather than suction changes.
Effects of types and surface areas of activated materials on compressive strength of GGBS cement
Authors: Lin Kuan-Hung , Yang Chung-Chin
Published: October 2021

This study investigated the effects of changing the type and surface area per unit mass (Sa) of activated materials on the compressive strength of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) cement (GGBS > 60%). This study is divided into two parts. The first part involved the selection of activated materials. Compressive strength results show that gypsum improves the early strength of GGBS cement more effectively than does sodium silicate or sodium hydroxide. The gypsum activators increase GGBS activity through sulfates, generating ettringites and C–S–H to increase compressive strength. Chemical analysis shows that the sulfite (SO3) in GGBS cement has more stable compressive strength at 6–8%. The second part of this study investigated the influence of Sa. Gypsum was used as a strength activator. The sulfite in GGBS cement was controlled at 6.5% ± 0.5%, and Sa was adjusted as the variable. Linear regression analysis shows that the change in GGBS cement Sa (Msa) is positively correlated with compressive strength. The value of Msa can be estimated according to the value of Sa and the quantity of ingredients used for the study results (cement, GGBS and gypsum). The compressive strengths of GGBS cement at various curing ages can be predicted using Msa.
Measuring vertical displacement using laser lines and cameras
Authors: Sinha Sumeet Kumar , Kutter Bruce Lloyd , Ziotopoulou Katerina
Published: October 2021

Measuring displacements in model tests typically involves contact-based sensors such as linear potentiometers, where contact between two moving parts occurs at the sensing point. The sensor's finite mass, the limited stiffness of the beams and the clamping mechanism, and the slippage and hinging of the sensor body could affect the object's response and lead to measurement errors. Also, the physical mounting rack required to hold these sensors often obstructs the view and makes significant areas unavailable for conducting some other essential investigations. The advancement in high-speed, high-resolution and reasonably priced rugged cameras makes it feasible to obtain better displacement measurements by image analysis. This paper introduces a non-contact method that works by video recording the projection of laser lines on a test object to measure static and dynamic vertical displacements. The technique produces a continuous settlement distribution along the laser line passing through multiple objects of interest. This paper presents the theory for converting laser line images to displacements. The new method's validity is demonstrated by comparing the results from other measurement techniques: hand measurements, linear potentiometers and three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry.
Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-based ‘comb-like’ zwitterionic surfactants
Authors: Xu Jing , Du Jing-jing , Han Xiao-hui , Wang Bo , Zhang Zhang
Published: October 2021

Low-cost surfactants are of great importance for many applications. Chitosan is one of the abundant promising candidates as a raw material for low-cost surfactants. However, how to tune the molecular structure to achieve high solubility, low surface tension, and good foam stability is a great challenge. Herein, the ‘comb-like’ zwitterionic polymer surfactant based on chitosan by partial N-alkylation and quaternization was prepared. The experimental results demonstrate that the length and degree of substitution of the alkyl chain have a significant influence on the properties of the products. Such comb-type zwitterionic polymer surfactants have good water solubility, and the water solubility can reach up to 85 g/L. Surface tension and foam performance tests reveal that such ‘comb-like’ zwitterionic polymer surfactants have excellent surface activity and good foam stability, especially for the products with a degree of substitution of 20%; their surface tension can be as low as 27.1 mN/m, and the foam stability can be improved by 59.32%.
Ensino remoto emergencial na percepção de alunos presenciais de Ciências Contábeis durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Soares Cristiano Sausen , Guimarães Duanne Emanuel Leal , Souza Tatiéli Vieira de
Published: October 2021

O estudo objetivou investigar a percepção de acadêmicos presenciais do curso de ciências contábeis de uma universidade pública que adotou o ensino remoto emergencial durante a pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil, ressaltando-se os aspectos que favorecem ou dificultam a aprendizagem. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo e descritivo, com dados coletados mediante 4 grupos focais com a participação de 80 alunos de um curso presencial de graduação em ciências contábeis. Os resultados indicam que os alunos percebem como aspectos facilitadores do ensino remoto os fatores estruturais (flexibilização nos prazos para entrega de atividades), pessoais e coletivos (autonomia no processo de aprendizagem) e didático-pedagógicos (uso de metodologias ativas pelo professor). Quanto aos aspectos que dificultam a aprendizagem, destacam-se os fatores externos (falta de acesso à internet), individuais (não manter rotina de estudos e elevação do nível de estresses) e práticas docentes tradicionais (aulas monótonas por videoconferência). Por fim, observa-se uma visão otimista para tendências futuras, com alterações nos aspectos humanos (mudança de paradigma do papel do aluno), institucionais (maior utilização da tecnologia) e formativos (uso de metodologias ativas). Conclui-se que a utilização de metodologias ativas no aspecto didático e pedagógico eleva a participação do número de alunos nas aulas remotas e melhora a qualidade da aprendizagem. O estudo pode contribuir com as instituições de ensino que adotam o ensino remoto emergencial para continuidade das atividades acadêmicas em períodos de crise, bem como aos docentes que planejam suas atividades, ressaltando-se o papel do professor e a importância das metodologias ativas na construção do conhecimento.
THERE was a great ripping up OF ROMANCE OCCURRING.: A Performance by Lucy Beynon and Lisa Jeschke
Authors: Beynon Lucy , Jeschke Lisa
Published: October 2021

A live performance of THERE was a great ripping up OF ROMANCE OCCURRING. PEOPLE who were in love WERE BEING LEFT BEHIND in a reserved paddock of the imagination. The ANALYSTS were aT work--: a short play (198-?) by Grace Lake. Performed 4th February 2017 at the Anna Mendelssohn Symposium, University of Sussex. 
Development of a data mining subsystem for the citeck electronic document management system
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Istratova Evgeniya E. , Dostovalov Dmitry N. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

An urgent task in the implementation of electronic document management systems (EDMS) is to expand their functionality through personalization and taking into account individual characteristics of the organization. The article deals with expanding the functionality of EDMS by designing a subsystem for data mining. As part of the study, the principles of formalizing the processes of processing incoming correspondence and organizational and administrative documents, methods of collecting and analyzing data on the work of users with various types of documents through the use of artificial neural networks and a comprehensive assessment of improving the efficiency of the EDMS of an educational institution were studied. Quantitative characteristics that directly affect the process of monitoring the execution of orders have been determined. This is the time spent for creation of the document and execution completeness of the document. A mathematical model of the process of creating documents based on data from the EDMS has been developed. Regression coefficients have been calculated. Analytical dependences of the quality of the developed documents on the time of their execution and volume have been obtained. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of an algorithm and software for automating the collection and analysis of data through the use of neural networks in the EDMS. The main scientific results include formalized criteria for documents and stages of their development, the algorithm of the mining subsystem, the developed software for the EDMS of the Lyceum. The results obtained made it possible to identify the types of documents and the stages of their development that are most demanding on the resources necessary for their implementation, which can later be used to find ways to optimally organize work on the preparation of documents of various types.
On the problem and algorithms for coordinated optimal management of production and material flows of an enterprise
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Baranova Nina V. , Mesentsev Yury A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Pavlov Pavel S. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: October 2021

At present, any unified approach that would allow solving the problems of coordinated optimal control of input and output material flows and production has not been implemented in the theory and practice of managing technological and organizational systems. The works published in this area are often aimed at solving specific problems. When attempting a complex solution the declared systemicity is either indicated only in words, or is implemented heuristically by gluing the constituent components without discussing and analyzing the effectiveness and, moreover, proof. This article, based on the earlier works of the authors, develops an apparatus of coordinated optimal control of all logically related subsystems. A formal setting created for this purpose is a discrete optimization problem and it takes into account all the main factors of production and movement of material flows. A special algorithm for an approximate solution is constructed, which transfers the created problem from the category of NP-hard problems to the category of polynomially solvable ones. The formal setting contains logical conditions for choosing from a variety of parameters, including sources and directions of flows, conditions of supply, volumes and dynamics of production, and determination of optimal prices at the output. Thus, the restrictions systematically take into account both production components and restrictions on resources and the logic of movement of input and output material flows. A maximum net profit at the end of the planning period was used as a criterion for the effectiveness of all processes. The considered model and control problems are investigated using a unified approach that allows working with logical conditions of any complexity and setting appropriate formal optimization problems. The results of testing the algorithm on test data close to real dimensions are also given.
Análise da Paisagem
Authors: Ferreira Allan Alves Lopes , Nascimento Eduardo Soares , Benini Sandra Medina
Published: October 2021

Este artigo teve por objetivo a análise da paisagem do município de Foz do Iguaçu-PR, com intuito de realizar um estudo de caso evidenciando o período de seca vivenciada em junho de 2021, utilizando de imagens orbitais do CBERS 4. A análise de paisagem, se dá por meio da utilização de imagens orbitais, nas quais consistem em importantes fontes de informação necessárias para o gerenciamento e gestão dos recursos naturais. Como resultado, do estudo de caso apresentado neste artigo, pode-se observar que as áreas testes, foram detectadas e extraídas com sucesso, permitiu aferir as mudanças expressivas na paisagem decorrente no processo de estiagem na região de Foz do Iguaçu-PR. Assim, considera-se que a análise da paisagem por meio de imagens obtidas da mesma região em épocas diferentes, contribui para compreensão do fenômeno climático, bem como oferece subsídio nos processos de tomadas de decisões e o gerenciamento dos mesmos.
Disaster management cycle and COVID-19-Breaking the silos
Authors: Osama Ali Maher
Published: October 2021

Humanitarian workers responding to crises, either on the spot or in decision making positions, are familiar with the emergency management cycle with its basic three components namely; preparedness, response and recovery. This cycle can be expanded to include other elements, such as mitigation, readiness, business continuity, contingency, monitoring and evaluation [1].
Hospitalização de adultos com Aids em unidade de terapia intensiva: estudo analítico
Authors: Trindade Benites Patrícia , Karen Rodrigues de Carvalho Vanessa , Antonio Ferreira Júnior Marcos , Pereira Frota Oleci
Published: October 2021

Objetivo:  analisar as causas e definir os desfechos clínicos da hospitalização dos pacientes com Aids admitidos em UTI adulto. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo, retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa realizado em hospital de ensino em Mato Grosso do Sul. A amostra contemplou 55 pacientes. O período de coleta foi de fevereiro a junho de 2019. Resultados: A insuficiência respiratória aguda foi a maior causa de internação na UTI e infecção foi a complicação mais recorrente; dos internados, 33 obtiveram transferência para a enfermaria. Discussão: O agravamento da Aids propicia a ocorrência de infecções oportunistas, as quais por vezes requerem medidas de cuidados críticos. Infecções oportunistas aceleram a progressão da doença para estágio mais avançado. Conclusão: Há necessidade de aprimorar as políticas de saúde do homem para incrementar a vigilância à saúde daqueles acometidos por Aids.
Vivências do pai de recém-nascidos prematuros frente a musicoterapia e posição canguru: análise de conteúdo
Authors: Borges Leal Luzia , Mathiolli Carolina , Torres Guilhem Lago Milena , Valongo Zani Adrinana
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Compreender as vivências e percepções paternas em relação à realização da posição canguru associada ou não a música. Método: Estudo qualitativo tendo como referencial teórico Cuidado Centrado na Família. A amostra foi constituída por pais que possuíam recém-nascidos prematuros hospitalizados e que tiveram a oportunidade de realizar posição canguru associada ou não a musicoterapia. A coleta ocorreu no período de abril a junho de 2020. Para a análise utilizou o referencial metodológico Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: Participaram seis pais. As falas permitiram a identificação de cinco categorias: Sentimentos proporcionados pelo primeiro canguru; Contato pele a pele e o despertar da paternidade; Ressignificando o canguru por meio da música; Música e seus significados; Sentimento paterno referente à música e COVID-19. Conclusão: A musicoterapia associada a posição canguru configurou-se para o pai como um momento de fortalecimento do vínculo pai e filho, bem como redução de sentimento de tristeza e ansiedade.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ONCOLOGY AND RADIOLOGY, September 23-28, 2018, Moscow
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: October 2021

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RESPOSTAS MORFOLÓGICAS DE CULTIVARES DE ALFACE SOB DEFICIÊNCIA HÍDRICA
Authors: Urbano Júnior Sidnei Antônio , Soares de Oliveira Neto Sebastião
Published: October 2021

A alface é a principal folhosa consumida no Brasil. A deficiência hídrica é um dos principais redutores de produtividade das culturas, atingindo diversas áreas no planeta. Embora o cultivo de alface seja quase que totalmente realizado em áreas irrigadas, se por algum motivo faltar água para as plantas, diversos danos podem ser observados na cultura. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar cultivares de alface e verificar o desempenho agronômico e os efeitos da deficiência hídrica moderada nas características morfológicas da cultura. O experimento foi realizado em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial, sendo testada quatro cultivares (Jade, Vanda, Loreane e Valentina) e as condições com e sem deficiência hídrica. As cultivares Loreane e Valentina apresentaram resultados superiores de comprimento de parte aérea e massa seca de parte aérea, enquanto a cultivar Jade apresentou maior número de folhas e portanto podem tolerar deficiência hídrica moderada nas fases iniciais da cultura.
ANÁLISE BROMATOLOGICA DO FEIJÃO GUANDU CULTIVADO NO SEMIÁRIDO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE FORRAGENS EM DIFERENTES TRATAMENTOS
Authors: Dantas Silvia Maria , Rodrigues Vicente de Paulo , Neves Romildo da Silva , Barbosa Rafaela Ribeiro , Matsunaga Wendy Kaori
Published: October 2021

Na região Semiárida, as políticas de mitigação no enfrentamento das secas vêm sendo implantadas. Os bancos de proteínas é uma das estratégias utilizadas para a segurança no fornecimento de alimentos para os animais, onde são cultivadas plantas forrageiras nativas e/ou adaptadas. O feijão guandu (Cajanus cajan (L.) Mills) é uma das leguminosas utilizadas na alimentação animal por meio da produção de forragens, com características de adaptação as condições climáticas da região Semiárida. A pesquisa foi realizada na Estação Agro meteorológica Experimental-EstAgr/DCA, localizada no município de Campina Grande-PB. Objetivou-se por meio dessa pesquisa a realização das análises bromatológicas da matéria seca (MS) e analise mineral e/ou cinzas para o feijão guandu da variedade biocolor DC, sendo cultivado em sistema de sequeiro distribuído em três parcelas utilizando os tratamentos T1(1,0m x 0,50m), T2(1,0m x 1,0m) e T3(1,5m x 1,5m). O tratamento T2 resultou uma maior potencialidade na produção de matéria seca e o tratamento T3 apresentou melhores índices nas análises minerais.
Industry 4.0 and Future of Korean Steel Sector
Authors:   Monta Vista High School, Chon Irene , Kang Kevin , Jun Luke , Han Alex Eugene , Choi Madeline ,   Cupertino High School,   Bellarmine College Preparatory,   Chadwick International School
Published: October 2021

Digitalization is a fundamental process that begun several decades ago, but which got a significant acceleration by Industry 4.0 and now directly affects all the process and industrial industries. It is anticipated to enable the Korean industry to improve its production efficiency and its sustainability. In particular, in the energy-intensive industries, such as the steel industry, digitalization concerns the application of the related technologies to the production processes, focusing on two main often overlapping directions: Advanced tools for the optimization of the production chain and specific technologies for low-carbon and sustainable production. Furthermore, the fast development of technology in the steel industry demands the continual updating of the skills of the industrial personnel. This article, the case study of Korean businesses, presents the backdrop of digitalization and several key concepts in the Korean iron and steel sector. The effect of digitalization on the steel sector personnel is examined along with the anticipated economic changes.
SAĞLIK ALANINDA EĞİTİM ALAN ÖĞRENCİLERİN SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM DAVRANIŞLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Erenoğlu Son Nazan
Published: October 2021

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada sağlık alanında farklı branşlarda eğitim alan öğrencilerin sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışma Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi’nde Tıp Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon, Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Yönetimi bölümlerinde eğitim gören 490 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilere sosyo-demografik anket formu ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları-II ölçeği (SYBDÖ-II) uygulanmıştır. Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları-II ölçeği, Sağlık Sorumluluğu, Fiziksel aktivite, Beslenme, Manevi Gelişim, Kişiler arası ilişki, Stres Yönetimi olmak üzere 6 alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır.BULGULAR: Çalışmaya katılan 490 öğrencinin %28,6’sı erkek, %71,4’ü kız, yaş ortalaması 21,00±1,97 yıl ve Beden Kütle İndeksi (BMI) ortalaması 22,53±3,51 ağırlık(kg)/boy(m)2’dir. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarından Sağlık Sorumluluğu (p=0,003) ve Beslenme (p<0,001) alanlarında bölümler arası istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır.SONUÇ: Sağlık alanında eğitim gören öğrencilerin gelecekte sağlık hizmeti veren bireyler olması açısından kendilerinin sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarını benimsemeleri son derece önemlidir. Çalışmamızda ölçeğin iki alt boyutunda ve toplam puanda bölümler arası istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda; sağlık alanında öğrenim gören bireylerin, kendi sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarını geliştirmeleri gerektiği görülmektedir. Bu konuda daha kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılması ve sağlık alanında eğitim gören öğrencilere bireysel olarak sağlıklı yaşam davranışlarını benimsemeleri için gerekli eğitim desteklerinin verilmesi önerilebilir.
HOW EFFECTIVE IS THE EVALUATION OF VASCULAR LOOP COMPRESSION FOR THE 7TH-8TH NERVE COMPLEX IN EXPLAINING NEURO - OTOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS ?
Authors: Yıldız Selçuk , Balık Ayşe Özlem
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this research study was to investigate of whether the radiological proof of neurovascular compression of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VCN) was pathognomonic for hearing loss and tinnitus using “3D Fast Imaging Steady-State Acquisition (FIESTA)” magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research study was performed in 85 patients by evaluating 170 temporal bones, inclusive of both sides. The non-invasive assessment of the anatomical relationship between the classified vascular compression (Chavda classification) of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and the existence of AICA, superior cerebellar artery (SCA), vertebral artery (VA) compression or distortion of the VCN was applied by using 1.5-Tesla MRI at the internal acoustic canal (IAC).RESULTS: Of the 85 participants examined, 42.4% (n = 36) presented no vascular loop (VL). 48.2% (n = 41) of the patients produced type 1 VL, 8.2% (n = 7) type 2 VL, and 1.2% (n = 1) type 3 VL accordingly to the Chavda classification. In addition, compressions of redundant VA and SCA were also observed in 7.1% (n = 6) and 3.5% (n = 3) of the patients respectively. Also, IAC distortion was found in 32% (n = 16) patients with tinnitus. The presence of vascular loops also showed a high incidence in patients with normal hearing (51.8%) and without tinnitus (62.9%), respectively. No statistically relevant variations were found between the existence and nonexistence of the VL of AICA forms, VA or SCA, and IAC distortion for the neurotological symptoms of patients (p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Neurovascular touch is not an uncommon finding. It doesn’t appear to be related to tinnitus. However, the use of 3D-FIESTA MRI well defines the relationship between VCN and adjacent vascular variations and especially AICA variations and contributes to case selection for microvascular operations.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF PRE-TREATMENT ADVANCED LUNG CANCER INFLAMMATION INDEX VALUES IN LIMITED STAGE SMALL- CELL LUNG CANCERS
Authors: Özkan Emine Elif , Kaymak Zümrüt Arda
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: Advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is one of the recently evaluated inflammatory indexes in many cancers, foremost Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). However data in the same issue in Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) cases is scarce. In this study the its aimed to investigate the correlation between pretreatment ALI and survival in limited stage SCLC patients treated with curative intend.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-one limited stage SCLC patients who underwent definitive thoracic radiotherapy (RT) were retrospectively evaluated. RT was given as median 60 Gy using 3D conformal (3DCRT) or intensity modulated RT (IMRT) techniques. Variables used to calculate ALI value were attained from the electronical charts of the patients. Patients were evaluated in two groups as low and high ALI value. Kaplan Meier survival analysis was used to achieve overall (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) results for both groups. Univariate and multivariate analysis were done by Cox regression test.RESULTS: Five patients are alive after median 26 (5,16-70,6) months of follow up. Local and distant recurrence rates were found to be 47,6% and 57,1% respectively. PFS and OS of whole cohort were median 13,7 (5,16-82,76) and 25,07 (6,9-85,59) months respectively. Median OS and PFS of group with ALI<38 were 22,4 and 13,56 months where in the group with ALI >38, they were 25,06 and 13,7 respectively (p=0,709 ve p=0,744). None of the other variables investigated in uni and multivariant analysis were found to be statistically significant (p=0,059-0,930 for univariant analysis and p=0.07– 0.89 for mutivariant analysis).CONCLUSIONS: In our study we detected that pretreatment ALI value have no prognostic effect on survival in limited stage SCLC cases. The discordance between our results and the previous reports can be attributed to high ALI values in our series compared to previous studies and enrolment of only limited stage SCLC patients.
HEMATOLOGICAL FINDINGS OF CHILDREN DIAGNOSED WITH COVID 19 AND THE DIAGNOSTIC ROLE OF HEMATOLOGICAL INDICES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF COVID 19
Authors: Düzenli Kar Yeter , Altınkaynak Konca , Erdeniz Emine Hafize
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, reported in Wuhan, China at the end of 2019, has a clinical picture with acute respiratory failure, currently affecting more than 100 countries. In our study, evaluation of hematological findings of children with COVID-19 positive mild-moderate clinic was performed and the diagnostic role of various hematological indices-leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte and platelet counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR)- was examined.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 15 children diagnosed with COVID-19 from nasopharyngeal swab samples by RT-PCR, and a control group of 21 healthy children of similar age and sex. The patients' age, gender, admission complaints, COVID-19 contact history, and first complete blood count parameters were recorded retrospectively from information of the patient files.RESULTS: The ages of the children diagnosed with COVID-19 (median±SD) were 8.7±5.7 years and the female/male ratio was 8/7, the healthy control group's age (median±SD) was 7.4±2.8 years, and the female/male ratio was 11/10. The most common complaints of patients with positive COVID-19 tests were fever and cough. A statistically significant difference was found between neutrophil, lymphocyte, and NLR between the COVID-19 positive children and the healthy control group (p=0.048, p=0.040, p=0.024, respectively). In the ROC analysis, when the predictive value for NLR is taken as 1.02, it predicts area under the curve (AUC) of 0.724, 95%CI (0.549-0.899), sensitivity 73%, specificity 62% for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in children.CONCLUSIONS: Abnormalities were detected in hematological parameters and indexes of children diagnosed with COVID-19 compared to healthy controls. The most prominent of these are lymphopenia and an increase in the NLR rate. We think that the evaluation of peripheral blood parameters can be considered as an important reference value in evaluating the prognosis of COVID-19.
DOES THE LEVEL AND SEVERITY OF INJURY AFFECT PATIENT SATISFACTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC SPINAL CORD INJURY UNDERGOING INPATIENT REHABILITATION ?
Authors: Eroğlu Selma , Kuyumcu Mehmet B. , Özdemir Büşra , Manav Cansu , Siner Halil , Önal Handan , Karaca Sevdenur , Özgün Övgü , Ateş Betül , Toktaş Hasan , Dündar Ümit
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether the level of satisfaction differed regarding the level and severity of injury in patients with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) treated on an in-patient setting and whether patients with different satisfaction levels had distinct functional independence and health related quality of life (HRQoL) measures.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SCI level (cervical, thoracic, lumbosacral) of the patients was recorded, and the severity of SCI (incomplete,complete) was determined according to the American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. The degree of functional independence of the patients was determined using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor score. HRQoL was assessed using the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Satisfaction was assessed using a questionnaire instituted to evaluate patient satisfaction. Satisfaction with the physician, nurse, physiotherapist, catering, cleaning service, technical equipment categories and the overall satisfaction were questioned and satisfaction levels were determined as ”very satisfied, satisfied, dissatisfied, very dissatisfied”.RESULTS: 84 patients with chronic SCI were included in this cross-sectional study. Regarding the level of SCI, 19 patients had cervical (mean age:36.3±14.5, 78.9% male), 52 had thoracic (mean age: 32.1±13.6, 61.5% male), 13 had lumbosacral SCI (mean age: 38.8±20, 61.5% male). Regarding the severity of SCI, 36 patients had complete (mean age: 34±13, 77.7% male), 48 had incomplete (mean age: 35±15, 56.2% male) injury. There was no significant difference between cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral SCI groups in satisfaction categories. However, when the groups were compared in regard to the severity of SCI, patients with incomplete SCI had higher rates for satisfaction with the physician and technical equipment (p=0.03 and p=0.02, respectively). No significant difference was found in the other categories. Regarding the overall satisfaction, there was no significant difference in HRQoL and functional independence of the patients grouped according to their satisfaction levels.CONCLUSIONS:Patients with incomplete SCI had higher satisfaction level with the physician and technical equipment. Although characteristics of injury are distinct, if the expectations are met similar satisfaction rates may be obtained in patients with chronic SCI. More comprehensive studies are needed in terms of other patient-related variables that affect patient satisfaction.
Importance of proper diet after thyroidectomy in diabetic patients: A short communication
Authors: Banerjee Swapan
Published: October 2021

Thyroidectomy is a surgical technique used to treat cancer, noncancerous thyroid enlargement, goiter, and hyperthyroidism. It is a procedure to remove all or sections of the thyroid gland. Most importantly, some common complications are often observed, like weight gain, loss of libido, and vocal cord paresis or paralysis after thyroidectomy. After surgery, diabetic patients are more prone to comorbidities such as kidney disease, eyes health issues, hypertension, obesity, etc. This study highlighted the probable diet and essential home-based nutrition for post thyroidectomy complications. Weight gain is the common complaint of most patients who underwent surgery. Currently, there are insufficient data that do not provide clear conclusions about post-surgery diet plan. However, low carbohydrate, low fat but high veg-protein-rich diet are altogether helpful for weight loss, diabetes, and related complication. More research is needed in the medical nutrition therapies segment to get more dietary options for such patients.
Marine Fishing Management Towards Sustainability in Sierra Leone
Authors: Massaquoi Brima , Roberts Nathan J.
Published: October 2021

Achieving global goals of eradicating hunger and poverty before 2030 requires improved resource management. This research analyses the historic use of marine fish in Sierra Leone from 1976 to 2019, captures original data of local market access, profit and waste in 2020, and presents worldwide case studies and a new transferable framework to assist national authorities and managers to increase food security and improve management, achieving related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through policies, technology and economics. Fish catch, export and Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE) data from FAO FishStatJ, fisheries ministry and secondary sources, and 218 surveys of marketplace fish sellers, were analysed by simple descriptive and comparative statistics. Total fish catch increased substantially in recent decades, while CPUE fluctuates and declined between 1999/2000 and 2010. Many fisheries are exploited or overexploited and market sellers commonly do not have access to enough fish. Exports are consistently low. Case studies in developing and developed countries demonstrate that resolutions are three-pronged: improved awareness of environmental impacts, laws and policing; science and technology utilisation in monitoring resources and fishing activities, and establishing best practice, and; international cooperation, agreements and fair use policies. Priority should be given to unite government and community fishing relationships.
Engaging and Sustaining the Interest of Malaysian Youth towards the Palm Oil Industry
Authors: Stapa Siti Hamin , Bakar Kesumawati A , Hashim Fuzirah
Published: October 2021

There is no denying that palm oil industry has long been the backbone of Malaysia's economy. It is an industry that continues to be relevant in order to meet both local and global demand for edible oil and biofuel markets. The idea that the industry holds no appeal for youth is a common belief frequently shared by the youth themselves, as well as other stakeholders in agriculture. The key to engaging Malaysian youth and to increase their participation is to first understand their attitude and motivation towards the oil palm sector. This is the first step in understanding the factors underlying their motivation and gauging their level of engagement towards the sector. A set of questionnaires was distributed to 50 FELDA respondents followed by a focus group interview of 5 FELDA youth. Our qualitative data gauged the level of FELDA youth engagement through attitudinal resources while the survey measured the categorical and ordinal level of 8 industry constructs with variables such as gender, age, and education level. In general, the findings revealed insights into palm oil industry’s strengths and weaknesses in relation to positive and negative attitude, motivation, and engagement of FELDA youth towards the sector.
RUSSIAN INVESTIGATION AS VIEWED BY A HISTORIAN
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Criminal and Criminal Procedure Law, Fedorov Aleksandr V. ,   Judicial Administration of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, PhD (Law), Professor
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the famous Russian historian and legal expert Doctor of History Dmitriy O. Serov and a brief analysis of his studies concerning the establishment and development of the Russian law enforcement authorities in the first third of the 18th century: courts, prosecutor’s office, fiscal service, investigative authorities. Having started his scientific activities from studies of history of the spiritual life of the Russian society from the 17th to the 18th century, D.O. Serov then moved on to the legal aspects of history of the 18th to the 20th century, history of the personnel of the national government machine focusing on investigative authorities and was recognized in our country and abroad as one of the best experts of the Peter the Great’s epoch, specialist in history of the Russian law enforcement and judicial systems, leading scientist studying history of the Russian investigative authorities. D.O. Serov developed new areas of historical and legal research; identified, researched and introduced into scientific discourse many earlier unknown or briefly mentioned archive files including the Instruction to Major’s Investigative Chancelleries of December 9, 1717. The educational course History of the Russian Investigative Authorities was launched based on his research; a new professional holiday, the Day of an Investigation Officer of the Russian Federation, was introduced by Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 741 of August 27, 2013 (July 25, the day of establishment of the first M.I. Volkonskiy investigative chancellery); some memorable dates of history of the national pre-trial investigation were introduced (including December 9, the Day of Establishment of Major’s Investigative Chancelleries). D.O. Serov justified that the Russian investigative authorities originated in the form of investigative chancelleries. The basis for acknowledgment of such chancelleries as investigative authorities is their characteristics as an independent permanent government authority, designated to investigate criminal cases on the pre-trial stage, being the only function of this authority. D.O. Serov’s research showed that the reason for a short life of such authorities was not their low efficiency. Quite the opposite, major’s investigative chancelleries were in advance of their time and turned out to be misfitting even for the reformed state mechanism of Russia.
THE ANTICORRUPTION POLICY IN RESPECT OF LEGAL ENTITIES
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Department of Criminal and Criminal Procedure Law, Fedorov Aleksandr V. ,   Judicial Administration of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the anticorruption policy in respect of legal entities, which has two key areas: the first one is forestalling of corruption of legal entities including identification and elimination of its grounds (i.e. prevention of corporate corruption stipulating the obligation of companies to adopt measures aimed at corruption combating including anticorruption compliance procedures) and the second one is identification, forestalling, suppression, detection and investigation of corruption-related offenses committed by legal entities (i.e. combating corporate corruption). Special attention is paid to the second area: anticorruption policy in terms of introduction of criminal liability of legal entities.
The Value of Leafy Vegetables: An Exploration of African Folklore
Authors:   The Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Onyango Bethwell. O , Olaimer-Anyara Ekisa
Published: October 2021

Indigenous Leafy Vegetables foods have an exceptional place in African cuisine. It is commonly argued that vegetable consumption reflects cultural backgrounds and their value transcends a biological one, as food, to symbolism enhancing the functioning of society and promoting social order. This study set to determine species use, folkloric dimensions and taste preferences in a rural East African setting. A bio-cultural approach reinforced by ethno-botanical tools conducted over a three-year period and recourse to a corpus of Luo ethnic food plant literature and gathering of folklore elements from a conversational context was used to study socio-cultural elements of vegetables foods of people in Migori and Suba districts of Kenya. Seventy-four respondents, 56 female and 18 males, of mean age 43years and ranging between 16 and 84 years participated in focus group discussions and research interviews. Herbarium specimens of 34 leafy edible plant species in seventeen plant families are deposited at the University of Nairobi and the Catholic University of Eastern Africa herbaria. This study documents 17 sayings (folkloristic products) of different genre: mantras, traditional beliefs, customs, practices, folk stories/ tales, songs, jokes and lexical phrases. Their sociolinguistic analysis reveals they address issues appropriate to Luo ritual, social status, nutrition, taste preferences, cooking habits and conflict resolution. Though Luo folklore indicates aversion for bitter vegetables, the body of folkloric wisdom sustains vegetable dish consumption. The preference and craving for bitter tasting herbs by elder women was because of an understanding of both food and medicinal values. This paper concludes that vegetable consumption reflects cultural backgrounds and experiences. Folklore defines how Africans perceive, define, and value indigenous Leafy Vegetables in their own terms and presents a stable platform for cultural analysis of oral food culture. Indigenous Leafy Vegetables are symbolic "sources of illumination" that orient African people persistently with the system of meaning in their culture.
Caractérisation des Accessions de 4 Espèces de Légumes-Feuilles Traditionnels (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L., Vigna Unguiculata (L.) WALP, Amaranthus L. Spp et Moringa Oleifera LAM) au Sénégal
Authors:   Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles, Diouf Meïssa , B.M Ndèye ,   Université Cheikh Anta DIOP, K Aminata ,   Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles
Published: October 2021

La modernisation de l’agriculture caractérisée par l’abandon des variétés traditionnelles au profit de nouvelles variétés plus homogènes et à haut potentiel de rendement a conduit à la réduction de la diversité génétique. La collecte et la caractérisation de la diversité des écotypes locaux devient alors une nécessité. C’est ainsi que 64 accessions collectées lors de nos 3 missions de collecte et 18 accessions de la banque de gènes du Centre pour le Développement de l’Horticulture (CDH) ont fait l’objet de caractérisation à la station de recherche de l’ISRA-CDH. Le matériel était composé de 48 accessions de bissap (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), 19 de niébé(Vigna unguiculata (L.) WALP), 9 d’amarante (Amaranthus (L.) spp) et 6 accessions de nébéday (Moringa oleifera Lam). Un dispositif complètement aléatoire en bandes simples sans répétition a été mis en place. Les clés de caractérisation des 4 espèces ou une version adaptée ont été utilisées. Cette caractérisation a permis de mettre en évidence la diversité intraspécifique de chacune des 4 espèces mais également le mouvement des semences (ou gènes) sur des distances pouvant atteindre 800 km et ce, sur la base des variables étudiées. On note en moyenne que 35 % des accessions collectées sont constituées de doublons. L’analyse de la diversité spécifique des accessions dans les localités visitées a révélé que 57 % d’entre elles sont sous haute menace d’érosion génétique. Cette caractérisation agro-morphologique devrait être complétée par des études plus approfondies notamment sur la plan biochimique et moléculaire pour permettre d’infirmer ou de confirmer nos résultats. L’utilisation d’un nombre plus important d’accessions des différentes espèces et d’autres méthodes de caractérisation pourraient contribuer à l’établissement de core collection, qui reste la meilleure stratégie de conservation du germoplasme.
Valeur Nutritionnelle du Moringa Oleifera, Étude de la Biodisponibilité du fer, Effet de L'enrichissement de Divers Plats Traditionnels Sénégalais Avec la Poudre des Feuilles
Authors:   Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Ndong Moussa , W Salimata , D Nicole , T.G Amadou ,   Institut de technologie alimentaire,Sénégal, DG Rokhaya ,   Institut de technologie alimentaire,Sénégal
Published: October 2021

Dans le bus d'évaluer la valeur nutritionnelle du Moringa Oleifera, nous avons effectué l'analyse chimique de ses produits (les gousses fraîches, les feuilles fraîches, les fleurs fraîches, la poudre des feuilles). La biodisponibilité du fer de la poudre des feuilles de Moringa Oleifera ou Nébéday et de plats traditionnels sénégalais (bouillie de mil, de fonio, Ceere Mbuum) enrichis ou non avec la poudre a été aussi déterminée. L'analyse chimique montre que les produits de Moringa Oleifera sont riches en protéines( feuilles, fleurs, poudre) et que les gousses sont plus riches en matières grasses et apportent plus d'énergie que les autres produits du Moringa. L'analyse des minéraux a montré que les produits de Moringa oleifera sont riches en calcium pour les macronutriments et en fer pour les oligoéléments. La détermination de la biodisponibilité du fer de la poudre des feuilles et des plats enrichis avec la poudre montre une faible biodisponibilité. Ceci montre que le fer contenu dans la poudre des feuilles séchées pourrait provenir d'une contamination et/ ou de l'existence d'inhibiteurs de l'absorption du fer. L'enrichissement des plats avec la poudre des feuilles augmente les teneurs en protéines et en fer (sauf pour la bouillie de mil). En conclusion la poudre de Moringa oleifera est riche en protéines et en fer qui néanmoins reste peu biodisponible. L'enrichissement des plats avec la poudre des feuilles améliore les teneurs en protéines mais influe peu sur le contenu en fer biodisponible.