bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENOTYPING AND SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII IN ABORTION WITH ELEVATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6 LEVEL
Authors: R. Abduwahhab ALHEANY Aya
Published: May 2023

Toxoplasmosis is a harmful microorganism that resides inside the cells of the host and produces serious symptoms such as abortion. A total of (48) blood samples were taken from aborted women in this study, with (40) healthy persons serving as a control group. Between the 15th of January and the 30th of September 2021, the patients were treated at Al-Karkh Maternity Hospital. The infection rate was highest in the age range (18-25) years for both the infected women and the control group, according to the findings. Among aborted mothers with Toxoplasmosis, the IgG antibody positivity rate was 40 percent higher than the IgM antibody positivity rate, while the negative rate was 8 percent (16.6 percent ). When compared to healthy persons, there was a considerable increase in the frequencies of positive AntiToxoplasmosis IgM antibody (69.8%) and IL-6 (75%) when compared to healthy individuals. IL-6 had a greater prevalence of 36 (66.7%) than IgM (30%). (73.4 percent ). The ROC test was utilized to evaluate those two parameters. The fragment 96bp of the B1 gene of the DNA isolated was inflated using nested PCR test amplification. Ordinary PCR was performed to amplify the IL-6 gene in 431 bp of isolated DNA
VISIBLE QUANTITATIVE ASSAY OF PEPCID IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS VIA SAFRANIN REAGENT
Authors: A. YOUNIS Shahla , A. A. SALEEM Basima , Khudheyer OBAYES Ali , Q. ISMAIL Ghassan
Published: May 2023

Due to the medical importance of Pepcid, a spectrophotometric method had been suggested for the determination of Pepcid in its pure form as well as in some of its pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed method relies on two important steps; the first one, is the oxidation-reduction reaction between Pepcid and an amount of cerium IV (oxidizing agent) in presence of acidic medium, followed by the second step that occurs between cerium (III) with safranin, at the selected wavelength 514 nm. The proposed method obeyed Beer's law within the range (2-40) µg.mL-1, with good sensitivity relative to the molar absorption coefficient value 3.21×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 and the Sandal value equal to 0.00105μg.cm-2. The proposed method has been successfully applied to quantify Pepcid in pure form and its pharmaceutical preparations
THE IMPACT OF MARINE TRANSGRESSION IN THE MARSHES OF SOUTHERN IRAQ
Authors: Majeed ISSA Bushra
Published: May 2023

The marshes in southern Iraq are one of the most interesting phenomena to study because of their unique environment. Therefore, this region has received a lot of attention in various studies. It is known about the environment of the marshes that it represents a fresh water environment where it is supplied with river water. Therefore, it would be natural for the sediments to reflect that environment, especially in the surface areas of it. However, the location of the marshes in the southern part of Mesopotamia, which was affected by changes in the sea water level during the Holocene period, may raise interest to know the environmental status of the marshes during that period. To find out, three sites were chosen in the marshes of northern Basra province to represent the southern part of Iraq, where the depths of the samples varied between surface and subsurface samples, reaching a depth of three meters. The samples were subjected to grain size analysis in order to know the nature of the sediments and the extent of their differences or similarities through the depths, as well as the diagnosis of the shells present in them to define the environment in them at the time while they were following the same environment or there was a change in it with the varying depths. The study showed the dominance of silt deposits in the study area clearly over other types of sediments, in addition to the variation in the sources of those deposits. While the shells, which belong to different types of fauna, revealed the presence of the marine influence in addition to the well-known riverine influence in the region, which confirms the arrival of the impact of the change in the level of marine waters during the Holocene period to the marsh areas in southern Iraq
DETERMINATION OF BIOFILM FORMATION GENES USING PCR TECHNIQUE FOR STAPH. SPP. ISOLATIONS FROM WOUND AND BURN INFECTIONS IN BAQUBA CITY
Authors: IBRAHIM Raghad , K.K.AL-DULAIMY Hussain , M. JASIM Izdehar
Published: May 2023

The bacteria Staphylococcus aureus has been discovered to be a major source of community and hospital-acquired infections. The production of ica-dependent biofilms is critical in the persistence of infections in hospitalized patients. Between November 2017 &April 2018, the current study was conducted at Teaching Baquba Hospital's Bacteriology Laboratory in Baquba City and the laboratory of microbiology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR )unit in the Biology Department / College of Science/ Diyala University (2018). Materials and methods: We obtained 13(17.3%) Staph.aureus isolates from 100 clinical specimens (burns, wounds, urine, and blood) after identified them. Following by employed Congo Red Agar(CRA) and tissue culture plate method (TCP)to detect Biofilm development in isolates, as well as a PCR assay and particular primers to determine the presence of the icaA &icaD genes. The results showed ica A/D were found in 69 % (9/13) of cases, icaA gene is present at 7 (53.8%) and the icaD gene at 2(15 .3%) in Staph.aureus isolates. CRA method found biofilm generation in 6 (46%) of thirteen Staph. aureus isolates, while TCP detected biofilm creation in 10 (76%) isolates. When phenotypic approaches compared to the detection of the icaA and icaD genes, only 5 (71%) of the icaA genes were found to be positive by TCP, while only 2 (1% ) of the icaD genes were found to be positive by TCP. In short: The findings show the significance of S. aureus' virulence factors in clinical samples for the icaA and icaD genes and the phenotypic biofilm formation variety. The creation of in vitro slime using the CRA approach is not necessarily consistent even when the icaA and icaD genes exist. Although certain isolates lack the genes icaA & icaD, the ability to generate biofilms highlights the importance of the further gene research, and the absence of the icaA and icaD genes, the capability from certain isolates to create biopolymes emphasises the need for continuous genetic study into icas caused by variations in the number of genes associated with biofilms. When comparing phenotypic techniques, TCP is still the best tool for the screening of biofilms. The aim of this research though is that the biofilm forming potential should be actually linked to the presence of icaA and icaD genes in S. aureus isolates
RADON CONCENTRATION AND ITS EXLATION RATE IN TEA SAMPLES
Authors: Faris KADDOORI Farah , Sabah HAMEED Ban , Khalaf REJAH Basim
Published: May 2023

In the various houses and cafes on the market, social spaces, and tourism, Iraqis are among the most tea-drinking people. Several experts in Iraq and around the globe are interested in investigating the radiation activity of tea in order to determine the radiation hazards linked with both the lives and health of tea addicts. In this research, A plastics nuclear path detector (CR-39) was used to explain the results of radon concentrations and Rn-222 exhalation rates in nine tea specimens. Specimen were taken from a variety of regional Iraqi markets. The chemical then drilling with NaOH solution at 70°C for 8 hours to identify the subsurface paths, which were subsequently analyzed with sufficient resolution by optical microscopes. The radon levels varied between (137.129 - 25.4092) Bq/cm3, with the mean being 72.687 Bq/cm3. The percentage of radon exhalation varied from (15.76981– 2.922053), with an average of 8.359 mBq/m3. h. Exhalation percentage and radon levels have a positive connection (R2 = 0.893). The results of the specimen revealed that its health hazards were not harmful. The findings of research study were contrasted to the findings of other studies that contained other food products and concluded that they were within globally allowed limits and did not pose a hazard to human health and life
EVALUATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC POLLUTION OF CELLULAR MOBILE NETWORK
Authors: Abdallah JAZEA Najim , Fitian RASHID Omar , Taha MOHAMMED Mohannad
Published: May 2023

Wireless communications are characterized by their fastest growth in history, as they used ever-evolving and renewed technologies, which have allowed them to spread widely. Every day, communication technology introduces a new invention with features that differ from its predecessor. Bell Laboratories first suggested mobile wireless communication services to the general population in the late 1940s. Still, it wasn't easy at that time to use on a large scale due to its high costs. This paper aims to describe the state of cellular mobile networks; by comparing the sources of electromagnetic pollution caused by these networks, measure the level of power density in some residential areas, and compare them with international standards adopted in determining the level of power density by calculating the effect of the transmitted power and the angle of transmission of the antenna from the station. The importance of the paper lies in the fact that it investigates the levels of non-ionizing radiation produced by cellular mobile networks and the identification of other types of pollution caused by these networks.
EFFECT OF SMOKING CIGARETTES AND HOOKAH ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES AMONG THE STUDENTS OF THE AL-DOOR TECHNICAL INSTITUTE
Authors: Shihab AHMAD Hanan , Jamal NOMAN Saja , Khorsheed RASHEED Zaynab
Published: May 2023

The aimed of the study the effect of smoking cigarettes and hookah on some hematological and biochemical variables. Hematological parameters were measured the volume of (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), biochemical variables, lipid concentration in blood serum, glucose concentration in blood serum and ALP concentration in blood serum for some students of the Technical Institute, the role of smokers. 60 blood samples were collected from 20 cigarette smokers, 20 hookah smokers and 20 non-smoking students. Where there a significant increase at (P < 0.05) in the concentration of triglyceride in the blood of cigarette smokers compared to the control group and a significant decrease at (P < 0.05) in the concentration of Glucose and Hb compared with control group
EVALUATION THE NEEDS OF PLAY SPACES IN KINDERGARTEN FROM A BIOPHILIC PERSPECTIVE (MOSUL AS A CASE STUDY)
Authors: Moffeq ALOBAIDI Maysaa
Published: May 2023

Childhood represents one of the important stages in human life, in which the child's abilities develop and his talents open, and the child can influence, direct and form both physically and mentally. Playspaces are the best place in which the child can meet the needs of his body and psyche, so it has become necessary to take care of this space, which represents a good environment for the development of the child's potential and improving his social behavior, and recent studies have proven that the interaction of the child with nature in this type of space is one of the positive aspects That can contribute to the child's development, health and behavior, hence the importance of researching the needs of indoor and outdoor play spaces. In kindergarten buildings, which are the category of children aged (4-5) years, the research aims to evaluate the needs of indoor and outdoor play spaces for kindergartens from A Biophilic perspective, after surveying the opinions of mothers about the needs of their children in those places, which contributes to promoting Child health and behavior, and evaluation of the reality of indoor and outdoor play spaces in kindergartens in Mosul from a biophilic perspective, which achieves interaction and harmony with the environment and contributes to improving his health, behavior, and psyche
DETECTION OF PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES IN FRESHWATER FISH LIZA ABU FROM EUPHRATES RIVER, AL-DIWANIYAH CITY – IRAQ
Authors: Abbas MARHOON Ikhlas , Sami ALWAN Marwa
Published: May 2023

A 176 samples of freshwater fish Liza abu were fishing from Euphrates river in the AlDiwaniyah city – Iraq , to investigate of some intestinal parasite , identify the rate of infection with this parasites and then determining the relationship between temperature and prevalence of parasitic infection rates , for the period between October 2020 and March 2021. All fish examined by using laboratory methods to detected intestinal parasitic infection. The results revealed that the total infection rate of prevalence of intestinal parasites in Liza abu was 75.56%, and the results recorded presence of five different species of parasites were isolated from freshwater fish which are as follows: Three species belonging to two classes of protozoan : Sporozoa (Cryptosporidium sp. and Eimeria sp.) and one species belonged to Ciliata which is Tetrahymena sp. with an infection rate 55.68% , 35.79% and 17.61% respectively. Two species belong to parasitic helminthes : Eustrongylides sp.(Nematodes) with an infection rate 22.73%, and the other species is related to Neoechinorhynchus sp. (Acanthocephalans) with an infection rate of 44.88%. Also results showed a significant difference in infection rates during the months of the study, the highest percentage of infection was appeared during March and February which reached 93.94% and 91.67% respectively, while the infection rate decreased in January (45.0%)
DETECTION OF SOME VIRULENCE FACTORS AND ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE
Authors: Rammadan ABDUL Fatima , Ali RAHEEEM Ihsan , Laebi ABDULLAH Alaa , Abd Al Ameer BAQER Batool
Published: May 2023

Background: Infections of Klebsiella pneumoniae can include; diarrhea, septicemia, pneumonia, urinary tract infection and infections of soft tissues. Many factors are donated to K. pneumoniae pathogenicity particularly production of enzymes and formation of biofilm. Objective: find the relationship between the resistance of K. pneumoniae bacteria to antibiotics of quinolones and their ability to produce enzymes of beta lactamase. Materials and Methods: The Study included isolation and identification of (51) isolate of K. pneumoniae and (94) isolates of other bacteria from different clinical sources in some Baghdad hospitals. Results: The isolation and diagnosis of (51) isolates of K. pneumoniae from infection of urinary tract were 49.1%, infection of wounds were 31.3% and infection of burns were19.6%. All bacterial isolates were identified by the biochemical, cultural and microbial characteristics and confirmed by Api E20 System. I showed of β-lactamase test of Klebsiella pneumoniae revealed that (35) 68.6% isolates were positive. While 16 (31.4%) isolates were able to produce urease. Four groups of quinolones were tested by done the sensitivity test of isolates and results revealed the following percentage of resistant to Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin consequently were (50.1%), (44.5%), (39.4%). whereas, the lower percent of resistant to Levofloxacin was (26.8%). In contrast, the βlactamase positive K. pneumoniae exhibited a high resistance in compare to isolates that negative for β-lactamase. The minimum inhibitory range concentrations of ciprofloxacin were arranged between (4-512 µg\ml). From isolates that resistant to Ciprofloxacin, the DNA plasmid was determined. Single plasmid bands were included in two isolates with same size and other isolates were confined free plasmid
16s rRNA SEQUENCING FOR IDENTIFICATION BACTERIA FROM FACE MASK OF STUDENTS IN MOSUL UNIVERSITY
Authors: M.Y. AL-TAEE Sura , G.O. AL-ANI Amina , Younis MAHDY Alaa
Published: May 2023

The use of masks has increased recently under the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic as a prevention from the Covid-19, the research dealt with the study of bacterial contamination of masks from the surrounding environment, where in addition to the ability of masks to prevent the spread of viruses and bacteria, they are likely to be a source of bacterial contamination from the face, hands and air. 45 samples of face masks were collected from students of Mosul University in Iraq and the face mask was printed directly on Nutrient agar for 5 sec. Sixty isolates were obtained purely ,Gram-positive bacteria were predominated after smearing the pure isolates and staining them with Gram stain. Gram-positive isolates were grown on mannitol salt agar, which showed that they were not capable of fermenting mannitol sugar, oxidase and catalase assay was also performed, which gave a positive result for catalase and negative for oxidase .Three isolates were selected for molecular diagnosis by 16S rRNA. According to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, three isolates were designated as:- Staphylococcus equorumand two isolates for Staphylococcus saprophyticus.The isolates showed sensitivity to Amikacin,Vancomycin,Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin antibiotics except for the antibiotic ofloxacin, Staphylococcus equorum and one isolate for Staphylococcus saprophyticus were intermediate to it
COMPUTATION OF DOUBLE DIFFERENTIAL NEUTRON CROSS SECTIONS ON DIFFERENT TARGETS AT VARIOUS PROTON ENERGIES UTILIZING PHITS
Authors: B. ALKHAYAT Rabee , Salih HASAN Mutaz , Abed AL-JUBBORI Mushtaq
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the PHITS program was used to measure the neutron production cross sections of 12C, 27Al, 56Fe, 91Zr, 184W, 207Pb, and 232Th at 256, 800, 1200, and 1600 MeV proton energies at different scattering angles. A comparison of available experimental data to PHITS computations revealed some discrepancies, particularly with low incidence proton energy and light nuclei targets. PHITS estimates the production neutron cross section at low and intermediate energies for light nuclei significantly higher due to neutron evaporation happening in this range (10 - 30 MeV). The PHITS code's ability to determine the double differential cross section DDXs for a wide range of incident protons is accurate, notably above 800 MeV incident particles for all angles to precisely calculate neutron angular distributions. Moreover, the cross section of neutron generation reduces in forward angles while increases in backward angles as the target thickness increases due to proton energy loss, which increases scattering events
EFFECT OF METHIONINE ADDITION TO SOYBEAN MEAL INSTEAD OF PROTEIN CONCENTRATE IN THE FINISHER RATION OF BROILER
Authors: M.KHALEEL Rafea , G.ALTAMI Nawaf , M. Abdul –BAKI Thaer
Published: May 2023

This study was conducted in the College of Agriculture and Forestry , University of Mosul During the period from 23 Sep. to 4 Nov. 2021 .The aim of study to know effect of replacing protein concentrate with soybean meal as a source of protein with the addition of synthetic methionine. 120 chicks Day-Old Broiler chicks raised during the first three weeks collectively on a starter ration, the birds were distributed into three treatments with 4 replicates(10 birds each replicate), the first treatment was a control that contains protein concentrate, the second and third treatments without protein concentrate and it was replaced with soybean meal with 0.1 and 0.2% of synthetic methionine, respectively. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the final body weight at 6 weeks of age, in the total and daily weight gain, total and daily feed intake, feed conversion, total and daily protein intake, protein conversion, during the period (3- 6) weeks and the total period (0-6) weeks of age ( P ≤ 0.05 ), and the dressing percentage, and treatment 3 (0.2% methionine) showed the best economic efficiency
ON THE ROUGH CONVERGENCE OF DOUBLE SEQUENCE IN CONE S-METRIC SPACES
Authors: Abdulameer KADHIM Dhuha , Hasan ABOOD Zainab , K. ABD AL-RAHEM Mushtaq
Published: May 2023

The most reason of this article is to consider the thought of r-convergence of double sequences in cone S-metric space and, this article discuss some important results about this concept.
STUDYING SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF NGC 34 IN THE SUBMILLIMETER AND INFRARED WAVELENGTHS
Authors: H. AZEEZ Jazeel
Published: May 2023

Understanding the galaxy's center few hundred parsecs is important for knowing how galaxies form and evolve. Since molecular gas is the source of star formation, it is an essential part of the interstellar medium (ISM). In this work, we display highresolution data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/Sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) of 12CO(J = 6 - 5) emission line toward the center of the galaxy NGC 34 at the distance of 85.2 Mpc (1 arcsec = 412 pc). The center area of this galaxy has drawn in the CO emission line with a resolution of (0.27ʺ × 0.23ʺ) as viewed by ALMA along with Spitzer 24 µm data. The CO and IR luminosities, molecular gas mass and density, and star formation rate (SFR) and density, have been calculated for this galaxy. The value of the molecular gas mass and the star formation rate SFR are found to equal 3.52 × 108 Mө and 1.72 (Mө/yr) respectively. The surface density values of molecular gas mass and SFR indicates that this is a starburst galaxy.
SAFETY AND MISUSE OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY
Authors: KADHIM Shafq , Q. FADHIL Osama , SAAD Zahraa , QAHTAN Dhafir
Published: May 2023

The unique nature and physiology of pregnancy represents a challenge for choosing suitable, efficacious and safe drug therapy. Pharmacokinetic of medicines is very complicated during pregnancy as many important physiological changes happen during this period. FDA classifies medicines used in pregnancy into five categories A, B, C, D and X. Category A is considered the safest category while X is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy. This a descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to demonstrate safety of prescribed drugs and the extent of drug misuse during pregnancy. The results demonstrated that 82% of prescriptions lack the full scientific information and 75% of prescriptions containing drugs fall within C and D categories. Moreover, the results showed that 29% of drugs are category C (most commonly prescribed drug was hyoscin butylbromide), and 14% of drugs are category D (most commonly prescribed drug was phenoparbiton). A high percentage of prescriptions was seen with multiple items that can increase the associated side effects and about 22 % of prescriptions were refilled many times and more than half of this percentage used them without medical consultations; this indicates that many pregnant women may misuse these drugs. From this study we concluded that there is a misuse of medicines during pregnancy and a high percentage of pregnant women have used unsafe medications. Therefore prescribing drugs during this period needs a special care as this issue can be dangerous for mother and her fetus.
CURRENT DIABETES CLASSIFICATION AND PREDICTION MODELS USING INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES: REVIEW
Authors: Majeed HAMEED Emad , JOSHI Hardik
Published: May 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an incurable disease and should be submitted to monitoring and control for life. Diabetes is a chronic disease that arises when the pancreas fails to secrete adequate insulin or the insulin hormone produced by the pancreas is not being used efficiently. Diabetes is one of the diseases that are most quickly growing and spreading in the world, as It has now become a major global health issue that attracted the interests of researchers in the medical field to find solutions to diagnose, prevent and treat this disease. One of those solutions includes the use of tools and techniques that have arisen in the field of computer science. Most researchers have used artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and machine learning tools to develop classifier or prediction models. This study presents review of the intelligent techniques of diabetes classification and prediction published in the last six years. The review covers all stages of any diabetes prediction model including the dataset used, preprocessing techniques, intelligent algorithms of machine learning, and evaluation methods. Additionally, this study aims to reveal the purposes for which machine learning methods are used in the prediction and classification of diabetes in the literature research
THE PREVALENCE OF SIDE-EFFECTS AFTER BNT162B2/PFIZER, AZD1222/ASTRAZENECA, AND BBIBP-CORV/SINOPHARM VACCINES AMONG IRAQI RESIDENTS
Authors: Muslim HANTOOSH Saad
Published: May 2023

Since the first confirmed COVID-19 case in Iraq in February 2020, Iraq has continued to suffer severe waves of COVID-19 infections and deaths. Three vaccines are available in Iraq namely: BNT162b2/Pfizer–BioNTech (PB), AZD1222/AstraZeneca (AZ), and BBIBP-CorV/Sinopharm (SP). This study investigates the prevalence of side effects after the first and second doses of the three vaccines. A cross-sectional study was carried out from May 1, 2021 to February 15, 2022 in the main vaccination center in Al-Muthanna Province, southern Iraq, during the administration of the second dose of the vaccine. The study included 8710 participants (4990 males and 3720 females) aged ≥ 18 years. It was found that PB have fewer side effects than AZ and SP, with rates of 57%, 97.9%, and 98.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference between AZ and SP, with an increased risk of side effects in males after PB and SP and in females after AZ. The presence of chronic diseases increased postvaccine symptoms of the three vaccines, while previous COVID-19 infection increased symptoms among males only after the first shot of AZ. Furthermore, there was no clear evidence that symptoms were more severe after the first dose than after the second, or vice versa. In addition, there was no particular age group that experienced more side effects. Although 72% (6237/8710) of participants experienced mild to moderate postvaccine symptoms, only 11% (687/6237) requested temporary rest, particularly among chronic patients. No severe symptoms or hospitalizations have been reported following administration of any of the three vaccines.
A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE CARNIVOROUS PLANT Nepenthes alata AND THE POSSIBILITY OF USING IT AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO CHEMICAL PESTICIDES
Authors: H. AL-DULAIMI Fatin
Published: May 2023

This study was conducted to identify the genus Nepenthes alata or what is known as an insect-hunting plant. the study will deal with a detailed classification of this species and its environmental distribution in Iraq and in other regions of the world. a home experiment was conducted to ascertain the success of this plant in catching insects and some results were obtained that confirmed this. these results will also be discussed and some special recommendations will be made that may help some farmers or those interested in the field of Agriculture to get rid of the danger of insects on agricultural crops in general and to dispense with toxic pesticides in particular
EFFECT OF SUSTANON ON SKELETAL MUSCLES (ARM, THIGH) AND SOME OF BLOOD PARAMETERS IN FEMALE RATS (RATTUS RATTUS) IN BABYLON-IRAQ
Authors: Abid Hamza ALALWANY Ekhlas , Salih Ali AL-KHAKANI Salim , M J ZABIBA Isam , M. AL-KHAFAJI Siraj , M. MURAD Hawraa , Najeh HAMMOOD Marwah
Published: May 2023

There are random uses of androgenic anabolic steroids such as sustanon , especially among young people and adolescent.These drugs have many long-term negative side effects; therefore they have become one of major problem of health. This study was conducted in order to examine the effect of intramuscular injection of androgenic anabolic steroide (sustanon) on some hormonal, immunological and histological parameters in female albino rats. The study carried out in the animal house (College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Al-Qassim green). Twenty Four female rats were divided into four groups (6 replication for each), the first, second and third treatment sub groups injected by sustanon at concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2) mg/kg/day respectively for six weeks, while the fourth subgroup was considered a control set which injected by physiological normal saline (0.9%Nacl). The blood parameters estimation (RBCs, WBCs, PCV, PLT,Hb) Histologic study included studying histopathological changes in skeletal muscles tissue (thigh, arm). The results showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) of the levels (Hb,RBCs, WBCs, PCV, PLT), compared with thecontrol group. Histology study changes showed that hypetrophy of fiber muscle in thigh and arm tissue with hyperplasia of muscle cells in arm at high doses present study conclude that increasing the concentrations of sustanon drug may cause clear pathological changes (physiologically, and histologically in most of the study parameters
EFFICACY OF SPRAYING DIFFERENT SOLUTIONS AT DIFFERENT INCUBATION PERIODS ON HATCHABILITY AND EMBRYONIC MORTALITY RATES OF LOCAL DUCK EGGS
Authors: Merza Suhail ALTAIE Salam , Safi KHAFAJI Sura , Mahdi GATEA Salah , Kareem ALJANABI Thamer , Abd AL-KAHADUM Mohammed
Published: May 2023

Ducks have lower hatchability rate than other poultry species, ranging about 65- 82%, and duck egg hatching is more difficult than chicken egg hatching. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of spraying incubating duck’s eggs with the olive oil, ethanol alcohol and distilled water on embryonic mortality and hatchability rates. Eight hundred fertilized eggs were used with an average weight of (65-73) g divided into four groups, each group subdivided into four sub-groups were sprayed with distilled water at 37°C temperature, olive oil and ethanol alcohol 70%, and the control group without spraying. The first group G1 was sprayed on 1st day of incubation, the second group G2 was sprayed at 7th day of incubation, and the third group G3 was sprayed at 14th day of the incubation period, and the fourth group was sprayed at 21st day of the incubation. The results revealed that the hatching rate was significant raising (p ≤ 0.05) in eggs sprayed by water in each periods of incubation when compared with other spraying groups. Also, the embryonic mortality rate registered a significant decreasing (p ≤ 0.05) in eggs spraying by distilled water during incubation periods compared with other spray group. In conclusions, from present results are established that the spraying Iraqi duck's eggs by distilled water could improve hatchability rate and decrease the mortality rate of embryo at variant periods of incubation
Knowledge of Younger Adults in the Prevention of Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a Selected Community of Kannur District, Kerala
Authors: Senthilkumar T  , A Tamilselvi
Published: May 2023

A cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an umbrella term used for the conditions that affect the heart and vessels. Cardiovascular diseases have become the number one reason behind morbidity and mortality in most countries among younger adults particularly in reproductive age group. It is emerging as a major health concern in fast-developing economies like India. This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding the prevention of risk of cardiovascular diseases among younger adults in the selected community of Kannur districts of Kerala. A cross-sectional descriptive survey research design was used to conduct this study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the 132 samples in a selected community. A QRISK2 standardised tool was used as a basis for the development of a knowledge scale to assess the knowledge regarding the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The results indicated that 83.3 percent of younger adults have good knowledge and 16.7 percent have average knowledge regarding the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. There was improvement in level of knowledge in the prevention of cardiovascular disease among younger adults in an advanced literate society of Kerala; their lifestyle included physical activities, diet patterns. Relevant risk factors causing risk must be studied to curb the menace of CVDs.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Authors: Cicero da Silva Luciano , Mendes Nogueira Tolentino Cintia , Pantaleão da Silva Cristiano , Ferrancini Ferreira Erika , Neres dos Santos Isabela , Beatriz Ribeiro Campos Giovana
Published: May 2023

The work organizations in the 21st century have the great challenge of training their work teams, aiming at the development and sustainability of the business. This paper presents an intervention proposal aimed at the development of professionals through the training of technical skills for a better performance of their activities. The organization under study is a medium-sized foundry industry. Based on an information survey and bibliographic research, the need to establish strategies to train professionals was identified, aiming at a better operational performance with a positive impact on the organization’s strategy. The solution proposed for the challenge of developing manpower in a foundry industry consists in the development of partnerships with vocational schools so that in a structured way the professionals can keep themselves constantly trained.
IMPROVING PATIENT SAFETY USING TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Cicero da Silva Luciano , Pantaleão da Silva Cristiano , Eduardo da Silva Rogério
Published: May 2023

The patient safety culture has historically contributed to the avoidance of adverse events in healthcare organizations. With this, it has become essential that professionals be involved in risk management strategies. This article aims to present a case study of a hospital in the city of Franca/SP, where a set of strategies focused on patient identification was developed. A set of strategies was carried out with the support of technology. The result was a decrease in errors in the assistance process.
Intervenciones de enfermería en procuración de órganos de personas adultas con muerte encefálica: Revisión sistemática
Authors: Solís-López Teresa de Jesús , Gallegos-Martínez Josefina
Published: May 2023

Introducción. La donación de órganos se ha posicionado como el tratamiento definitivo para quienes la única forma de sobrevivencia es la inserción de uno o más órganos sanos donados por otras personas. Por lo anterior, el profesional de enfermería debe poseer los conocimientos científicos, técnicos, tecnológicos y humanísticos que integran el correcto mantenimiento y procuración de órganos en personas adultas con muerte encefálica.
Objetivo. Analizar la literatura sobre intervenciones de enfermería en el manejo de procuración de órganos en las personas adultas con muerte encefálica, en función de una revisión sistemática para fundamentar en una segunda fase la guía clínica de intervenciones de enfermería correspondiente con el uso de la taxonomía de NANDA, NOC, NIC.
Material y método. Para la limitación de búsqueda de información científica se ejecutó el método PICO, y para su evaluación la clasificación de los niveles de evidencia basados en el Centre for Evidence – Based Medicine de Oxford (OCEBM). Resultados. Las intervenciones de enfermería se enfocan en las complicaciones que la procuración de órganos presenta frecuentemente, como falla cardíaca, hipotensión, arritmias, edema pulmonar, diabetes insípida, hipotiroidismo, falla en los mecanismos termoreguladores e infección ocular.
Conclusiones. Las intervenciones de enfermería focalizadas en prevenir complicaciones en la procuración de órganos de personas adultas con muerte encefálica generan un óptimo proceso de donación – trasplante de órganos.
Seguridad del cuidado profesional enfermero en atención al paciente oncológico en contexto de contingencia COVID-19
Authors: Gomez Lucio Maria del Carmen
Published: May 2023

Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 requirió que los profesionales de enfermería enfocaran su atención en salvaguardar la integridad, seguridad y salud tanto del paciente como la propia.
Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de la seguridad del cuidado profesional enfermero al paciente oncológico durante la contingencia por COVID-19.
Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional-transversal. Muestra de 50 profesionales de enfermería. Medición realizada con el instrumento Hospital Survey on Patient Safety adaptado al contexto de contingencia por COVID-19. Análisis de resultados mediante estadística descriptiva.
Resultados: El grado de seguridad del cuidado profesional enfermero al paciente oncológico en contingencia por COVID-19 es aceptable en 11 de 16 dimensiones, según los rangos de medición: muy pobre, pobre, aceptable, muy bueno y excelente. Se identificaron las siguientes áreas de oportunidad para mejorar la seguridad del cuidado profesional enfermero: se pone en riesgo la seguridad de paciente con mayor presión de trabajo, la dotación del personal de enfermería es insuficiente para afrontar la carga de trabajo por pandemia, pues no se puede proporcionar la mejor atención si la jornada laboral es agotadora.
Conclusiones: Los profesionales de enfermería ofrecen un cuidado aceptable a los pacientes oncológicos durante a la pandemia, pues afirman que tienen un protocolo de actuación adecuado y funcional que les brinda seguridad; sin embargo, existen factores como vulnerabilidad, equipo de protección y falta de personal que influyen en dicho grado de seguridad.
Calidad de vida en pacientes con Síndrome de Guillain-Barre en una Institución de tercer nivel.
Authors: Bravo-Corral Crisely , Teran-Zuñiga Esminda , Lopez-Cantera Guisety
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Desde la disciplina de enfermería, este artículo analiza las relaciones entre calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) y el estado emocional, enfocándose en los casos de pacientes con síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB). La salud es un factor constitutivo de la calidad de vida (CV), a partir del cual se la puede considerar buena o mala. Por lo tanto, la enfermedad no sólo se limita a la afectación física, sino también a la psicológica, social y familiar, sobre las que tiene incluso mayor incidencia si la etiología es poco común. Al conocer la experiencia que los pacientes con SGB tienen de estos aspectos, se puede determinar cuáles son los patrones funcionales alterados según el modelo de Marjory Gordon.
Objetivo: Evaluar la CV de pacientes con SGB en una institución de tercer nivel.
Material y Métodos: Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa de tipo analítica con un diseño observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal. Los estudios longitudinales de la CVRS en pacientes con SGB aún son escasos. Por lo tanto, se investigó la CVRS en pacientes con SGB en una institución de tercer nivel, específicamente el día 28 y el tercer mes desde el inicio de la enfermedad, tomando en cuenta la fase de progresión del trastorno neurológico y la fase de recuperación. El estudio se realizó durante once meses, desde septiembre de 2021 hasta julio de 2022, previa revisión y aceptación del protocolo del comité de investigación (CI) y del comité de ética en investigación (CEI). Participaron treinta pacientes adultos bajo un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, cumpliendo con los criterios de inclusión y previo consentimiento informado. La CVRS se indagó mediante el cuestionario World Health Organization Quality of Life, versión breve (WHOQOLBREF), traducido al español y diseñado y validado por la OMS. Se determinó la distribución de normalidad de los datos con la prueba Shapiro Wilk. Para el análisis estadístico se hicieron descripciones de medias, estadísticos de dispersión y la prueba de chi-cuadrado con el programa SPSS statics V.25
Resultados: En las medidas de CV, la percepción de los sujetos con SGB en el día 28 fue “regular”, con una media de 60.13 y una desviación típica de 7.26. En el tercer mes no hubo una mejoría significativa, pues la percepción de los participantes fue “normal”, mostrando una media de 76.66 y una desviación de 11.21.
Conclusiones: Durante el seguimiento de once meses a los pacientes con SGB se observó una recuperación en la CV gradual. Se lograron los objetivos planteados. Nuestro estudio confirma que el SGB sí interviene en la CV de los pacientes.
Estrategia formativa para perfeccionar el autocuidado en pacientes con fractura de cadera
Authors: Sarduy-Lugo Anabel , Delgado-Rifá Eraclio , Cervantes-Palomino Alejandro Bernardo , Martínez-Rubio Blanca Nieves , Iglesias-Torres Arlett María , Suárez-Angeri Yanelis
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Los medios de enseñanzas son los ejes vertebrales de gran parte de las acciones de enseñanzas y aprendizaje desarrolladas en cualquiera de los niveles o modalidades de la educación.
Objetivos: Sistematizar y resaltar los fundamentos y ventajas de la guía de autoayuda sobre la fractura de cadera en el adulto mayor, como medio de enseñanza en la superación profesional del médico de la atención primaria.
Métodos: Analítico – sintético, hipotético – deductivo, análisis documental y la entrevista.
Resultados: Se elaboró una guía de autoayuda sobre fractura de cadera en el adulto mayor, a partir de falencias detectadas en la atención primaria de salud, que limitan el desempeño de los médicos de este nivel en actividades de promoción de salud en este grupo social. La guía de autoayuda fue diseñada y estructurada, como medio de enseñanza de estrategias de superación profesional, determinando las particularidades del contenido que se desea enseñar y las que se necesitan aprender por estos profesionales, para mejorar su desempeño en la promoción de salud en relación con el adulto mayor con fractura de cadera. Su creación fue concebida como elemento dinamizador del contenido unido a los demás componentes del proceso en busca de lograr los objetivos propuestos.
Conclusiones: Se presenta una guía de la colección de autoayuda sobre fractura de cadera en el adulto mayor, diseñado, pensado y elaborado como medio de enseñanza a utilizar en la superación profesional del médico de la atención primaria de salud donde se resaltan los fundamentos teóricos que lo sustentan.
Effectiveness of an improvement program in the prevention of infections associated with health care applying the environmentalist theory of Florence Nightingale
Authors: Vera-Núñez Daneisy , Castellanos-Sánchez Edel , Rodríguez-Sanabria Pedro Humberto , Reyes-Navarro Mercedes
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Health care-associated infections are considered one of the quality indicators in hospital care, they have a complex multifactorial origin, whose factors involved are difficult to modify, however, there is the possibility of intervening in the staff.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an improvement program in the prevention of infections associated with health care applying the environmentalist theory of Florence Nightingale.
Methods: A longitudinal pre-experimental investigation was carried out in services with the highest incidence of these infections at the Hospital General Mártires del 9 de abril, in Villa Clara in the period 2019-2020. The population was 139 nursing professionals with a sample of 125, to whom a survey was applied and a participant observation was carried out. The criteria of nominal group specialists were also collected.
Results: 78.40% were nursing graduates, 49.60% with less than 5 years of work performance. About the definition, locations and most frequent germs of IAAS before the training, 84.00% had inadequate knowledge and after 92.80%. In prevention and control standards, before the training was applied, hand washing only reached 24.80% and after 96.00%. In the observation of procedures, 77.60% received an evaluation of inadequate, perfecting these techniques in 90.40% after applying it. The affectivity of overcoming was 95.20%
Conclusions: The improvement program in the prevention of infections associated with health care applying the environmentalist theory of Florence Nightingale was effective, updating knowledge, modifying practices and attitudes and promoting a pleasant environment.
Nivel de dependencia funcional de los adultos mayores de la comunidad de Tula de Allende
Authors: González-García Adriana , Mota-Hernández Elideth , Olguín-Estrada Citlally , Maya-Sánchez Ariana , López-Nolasco Benjamín , Cano-Estrada Edith Araceli
Published: May 2023

Introducción: El estado funcional se mide mediante la autonomía que tienen las personas para desarrollar las actividades de la vida diaria, cuando no se pueden realizar de manera autónoma es necesario un cuidador. Esta medida se sustenta en el modelo de adaptación de Sor Callista Roy, ya que se identifica el proceso de envejecimiento como el estímulo focal que produce una respuesta inmediata en el adulto mayor de acuerdo con el modo de interdependencia.
Objetivo: Conocer el nivel de dependencia funcional de los adultos mayores de la comunidad de Tula de Allende, Hidalgo.
Material y métodos: Estudio de aplicabilidad básica, cuantitativo, descriptivo y trasversal. Participaron 366 adultos mayores de Tula de Allende, y se les dio a conocer los términos de confidencialidad conforme a lo establecido en la Ley General de Salud y Declaración de Helsinki mediante el consentimiento informado. Se aplicó el cuestionario de Índice de Barthel (IB), para medir la dependencia funcional en las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria.
Resultados: Predomina el género femenino con el 52.7% representado por 193 participantes, la mayoría son casadas y amas de casa. De acuerdo con el IB la mayoría de los participantes tiene una dependencia leve, con una frecuencia de 206 y un porcentaje de 56.3%, y el cruce de variables arroja como resultado una relación significativa.
Conclusión: Los adultos mayores de la comunidad de Tula de Allende presentan un nivel de dependencia funcional leve.
Evaluación de nivel de conocimientos sobre cuidado para pacientes neurocríticos en personal de enfermería
Authors: Bautista-Martínez Claudia , Medina-Reyes Marina , Martínez-Martínez Joel
Published: May 2023

Introducción: Los pacientes neurocríticos son aquellos con afectaciones en el sistema nervioso central y otros sistemas vitales, principalmente como consecuencia de traumatismos severos o complicaciones graves derivadas de enfermedades degenerativas. Su atención es fundamental durante el ingreso a las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), y su correcta realización por parte del personal de enfermería puede ser un factor decisivo para reducir efectos colaterales. Objetivo: Reconocer los niveles de conocimientos sobre el cuidado de pacientes neurocríticos del personal de enfermería de la UCI del Centro Médico Naval. Materiales y métodos: Se adaptó un instrumento para la evaluación de los cuidados en pacientes neurocríticos y se conformaron trece reactivos en forma de indicadores sobre tipo de conocimientos. Además, se aplicó una prueba no paramétrica de chi-cuadrada para variables cualitativas y una prueba exacta de Fisher. Resultados: El estudio arrojó una correlación entre un mayor nivel de conocimientos y los años de experiencia (p<0.005), el nivel de estudios (p<0.001) y la edad (p<0.002). No se encontraron asociaciones con el sexo o el turno de servicio. Conclusiones: En 22.5% de los casos se obtuvo un nivel regular de conocimientos, 2.5% tuvo un nivel deficiente y el 75% restante obtuvo un nivel de conocimientos por encima de lo esperado. La asociación entre el nivel de conocimientos sobre el cuidado de pacientes neurocríticos y el nivel de estudios, así como los años de experiencia en servicio, permiten mejorar las técnicas de atención a través de la capacitación continua del personal de enfermería.
Aspectos neuroquirúrgicos
Authors: Mateos-Gómez Humberto
Published: May 2023

La neuroepidemiología es el estudio de la distribución de las enfermedades neurológicas en la población y de los posibles factores que las causan. Respondiendo a diversos cuestionamientos entre ellos porqué afecta determinado grupo o sexo sin importar ocupación o edad o si la enfermedad está disminuyendo o aumentando. Lo cual permite formular algunas hipótesis sobre la etiología.
 
Existen factores de error en estas investigaciones siendo el principal la educación de los pacientes potenciales para los cuales la aparición de un síntoma puede tener distintos significados y la preparación de los médicos de primer contacto que pueden o no diagnosticar la enfermedad y referir al paciente a un centro adecuado o no hacerlo hasta que lo avanzado de los síntomas lo haga evidente a través de una incapacidad física como la ceguera o la parálisis. Por último, existe el factor económico y social que le permita al enfermo acudir a un centro especializado donde pueda recibir el tratamiento adecuado.