bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HYPOTHYROIDISM;
Authors: Khatoon Shafat , Ahmed Aijaz , Jabeen Nighat , Rehman Erum
Published: September 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally:more people die annually from CVDs than from any other cause. An estimated 17.5 millionpeople died from CVDs in 2012, representing 31% of all global deaths. Although CVDs areuncommon entity in young patients, it constitutes significant health problem due to itsdyslipidemia cases and devastating effects on active life style of young patients, it is thereforeimportant to identify diseases in young that are associated with or a cause of dyslipidemia1.Hypothyroidism is an important cause of dyslipidemia in young that can significantly increasethe risk of CVDs2. Objectives: This study is designed “to determine frequency of dyslipidemiain young hypothyroid patients”. Place and duration of Study: Study conducted at MedicalOPD JPMC, Karachi (outpatient) in six months duration from 25th May 2009 to 24th November2009. Patients and Methods: Study is performed on 100 newly diagnosed cases of primaryhypothyroidism between ages 25 to 55 years, non-smokers, having no previous history ofIschemic Heart Disease (IHD) or family history of premature CVD, diabetes mellitus (DM), hepaticor renal disease, not on drugs which could alter serum lipids. Selected case undergone 14hours fasting lipid profile check. Results: Out of 100 hypothyroid cases, 91% had dyslipidemiawhich was directly proportional to severity of hypothyroidism. Out of 100 hypothyroid cases,95 (95%) were of young age group i-e from 25-49 years, and all of them were dyslipidemic,while 05 (5%) hypothyroid patients were of age group more than 50 years and none of themhad dyslipidemia. (0.00%) and this distribution of dyslipidemic in young hypothyroid patientsis statistically significant (p value 0.031) Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is associated with highfrequency of dyslipidemia in young patients which significantly predisposes them to risks ofCVDs.
CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS;
Authors: Saeed Ammarah , Zehra Tehzeeb , Ahmad Ayaz , Idrees Umbreen , Sabir Sajjad
Published: September 2021

At present time portal hypertension is perceived as one of the complications ofadvanced liver disease. It results in various vascular changes in gastrointestinal tract (GI),including esophageal varices, gastric varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG). PHGand gastric varices are a common cause of acute as well as chronic bleeding from GI tractwhich resulted in significant mortality among patients. Objectives: To determine the frequencyof gastric vascular changes in various causes of cirrhosis. Study Design: Cross sectional study.Setting: Department of Gastroenterology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad.Period: 1st August 2007 to 31st July 2008. Materials and Methods: Patients of age ≥30 years,with clinical evidence of cirrhosis and without prior treatment of esophagiogastric varices wereincluded in the study. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in the study out of which47 were male and 53 were females with mean age of 53.6 years. The most common type ofcirrhosis was turned out to be Hepatitis C affecting 50% of patients and most of the patientswere in Child class C. Portal hypertensive gastropathy was present in 74% of patients. Amongthem 24.3% have mild changes while severe changes were present in75.7% of patients. Gastricvarices were found in 40% of the patients and the most common type was IGV type I whichwas present in 29(72.5%) of the patients. Correlation of severity of PHG was seen with gradingof esophageal varices, grading of gastric varices and Child class. Conclusion: Frequency ofsevere gastropathy is higher than the mild gastropathy. It is also concluded that gastric vascularchanges are associated with cause of cirrhosis, child class and degree of portal hypertension.
HAEMORRHOIDECTOMY;
Authors: Nasim Ahsan , Baig Marriyum , Saad Reem
Published: September 2021

Haemorrhoids are one of the most common anorectal disorders. Internalhaemorrhoids are symptomatic anal cushions and characteristically lie in the 3, 7 and 11 o’clockposition whereas external haemorrhoids relate to venous channels of the inferior haemorrhoidalplexus. Objectives: To compare the outcome of haemorrhoidectomy using harmonic scalpelversus conventional closed haemorrhoidectomy. Study Design: Randomized control trial.Setting: Department of Surgical unit II, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Period: Six months from 25thDecember 2014 to 24th June 2015. Methodology: A total of 140 patients were included inthis study. Patients were divided in two groups A & B. In Group A, (70 patients) conventionalhaemorrhoidectomy was performed by the Ferguson Technique (closed technique) whereasin Group B, (70 patients) suture less closed haemorrhoidectomy was performed by using theharmonic scalpel. Results: The mean age of the patients in group A was 43.3±8.2 years andin group B was 42.3±7.3 years. The mean time for surgery in group A was 23.8±4.2 minutesand in group B was 8.5±3.6 minutes. The mean pain score in group A was 5.3±1.8 VAS andin group B was 3.9±1.9 VAS. In group A, less than 1 day postoperative hospital stay was in 62(88.6%) patients and in group B, it was in 66 (94.3%) patients. Conclusions: It is concludedfrom this study that haemorrhoidectomy by harmonic scalpel results in decrease in operationtime and less postoperative pain although there is not much significant difference in less than 1day hospital stay as compared to the conventional closed haemorrhidectomy technique.
BREAST ABSCESS;
Authors: Javed Muhammad Umar , Aleem Sidra , Asif Sheraz Jamil , Iqbal Javed
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare the recurrence rate between incision drainage andmultiple needle aspiration for breast abscess treatment. Study Design: Randomized ControlledTrial. Setting: Department of General Surgery, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. StudyDuration: 29th September 2015 to 29th June 2016. Materials & Methods: A total of 60 femalepatients with breast abscess of <2 cm in size and of duration <2 weeks between 20 to 40 yearsof age were included. Patients with multiple breast abscesses, recurrent breast abscesses andcomplicated abscesses were excluded. The patients were randomized into Group A (incisionand drainage) & Group B (needle aspiration), by using lottery method. Follow up was done forup to 7 days and recurrence was noted. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was30.83 ± 5.67 years and in group B was 31.53 ± 5.73 years. Mean duration of disease was 7.58± 2.83 days. Mean size of abscess was 0.86 ± 0.43 cm. Recurrence was found in 07 (23.33%)patients in group A (incision drainage) while in 21 (70.0%) patients in group B (multiple needleaspiration) with p-value of 0.000 which is statistically significant. Conclusion: The recurrencerate is less after incision & drainage as compared to multiple needle aspirations for treatingbreast abscess.
FIRST PRIMARY TOOTH ERUPTION;
Authors: Rathore Ehsan , Nadeem Muhmmad , Salahuddin Behzad
Published: September 2021

Objective: To find out the eruption timing of the first deciduous tooth and thefactors affecting its eruption timing. Study Design: This study is hospital based. Setting:Lahore and Rajana. Period: 07.01.2016 to 28.08.16. Material and Method: All the participatingchildren are from 05 months to 13 years age. In this study, information about children’s firstdeciduous tooth eruption, mode of feeding, nutritional status and the family’s socioeconomicstatus is taken from their mother. The data is fed in SPSS for window V 16.0 and calculatedthe average age at which the first milk tooth is erupted. Result and Conclusion: A total of170 children from both genders were scrutinized. The first deciduous tooth eruption in ourstudy was found to be the mandibular central incisor at the mean age of 8 months (7.86). Girlsget early primary dentition than boys, breast and non-breast feeding bears no difference andchildren from low socioeconomic group have early primary eruption.
HEPATITIS B & C;
Authors: Tagar Muhammad Paryal , Abbasi Mujeeb Rehman , Pathan Mohammad Rafique , Shaikh Hafeezullah
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To determine the frequency of hepatitis b & c viral infection insurgical patients. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Place and Duration of Study: Thisstudy was conducted at surgical department of multiple hospitals and compares the results,JPMC Karachi, Civil Hospital Naushahro Feroze and Jamshoro, Pakistan from August 2014 toDecember 2015. Methodology: All 2645 patients were admitted for emergency and electivesurgery. All patients taken detail history regarding demographic parameter and risk factorslike previous surgery, blood transfusion, barbar, Road Traffic accident, haemodialysis, Tattoos/body piercing, injecting drug user, family history of hepatitis, previous history of jaundiceand Hospitalization. Hospital laboratory was used for screened HBsAg and Anti HCV usingimmunochromatography (ICT method). Patients excluded who were those did not need thesurgery or known case of HBsAg and Anti HCV. Data collected was entered into and analyzedby using statistical package for the social science – 20. Results: Out of 2645 patients, maleto female ratio were 1.9:1. The mean age was 40.2+6.12years (20 to 60 years). Out of 2645patients, Anti HCV was positive in 288(10.88%) cases followed by HBsAg was in 152(5.74%)cases. While both positive in 36 (1.36%) cases. We observed Previous surgery was main riskfactor in the reactive 156(32.77%) cases followed by Barbar, Blood transfusion were 74(15.54%)and 47(9.87%) respectively. Conclusion: We conclude that preoperatively screening of hepatitisB and C should be performed.
PRIMIGRAVIDAS;
Authors: Memon Sarwat , Rauf Sumaira
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To determine frequency of different mode of deliveries andassociated maternal complications in primigravidas in tertiary care setup. Study Design: Caseseries study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Liaquat University Hospital)Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Period: 6 months from Jan 2009 till June 2009. Methodology: Allthe primigravidas underwent delivery by any means i-e emergency\elective caesarean sectionor spontaneous vaginal delivery\instrumental vaginal delivery and developed postpartumcomplications up till 7 days after delivery were included. Data was analyzed on pre- designedprofoma and was analyzed through software program SPSS version 10. Results: In this studymost frequent mode of delivery were found to be spontaneous vaginal delivery 46(36.8%)and emergency caesarean section 29(23.2%) while forceps 8.8%, vacuum 20% and electivecaesarean section 1.2%. Complications associated with mode of deliveries included postpartumhemorrhage were reported to be 51.2%, abdominal wound infection 11.2%, perineal woundinfection 17.6%, retained products of conception 28% and puerperal sepsis 16.8%. Conclusion:Deliveries in our setup are mostly conducted by dais (birth attendants) without any asepticmeasures and without assessing the abnormalities that will leads to emergency caesareansection or instrumental vaginal deliveries and in the consequence of these entire patientsdevelop postpartum complications.
INTRAMEDULLARY INTERLOCKING NAILING;
Authors: Orfi Fayyaz Ahmad , Ahmad Asrar , Orfi Miss Maheen
Published: September 2021

Static I /M I/L Nailing is considered to be the gold standard for fixing mid-shaftfractures of long bones. Flexible nails or plates are used in children for internal fixation of suchfractures to avoid damage to epiphysis. Nailing is done under image intensifier using orthotable.These prerequisites are not available in all peripheral hospitals especially in a resourceconstrained country like Pakistan. A technique was evolved to do static I/M I/L Nailing withoutimage and ortho-table while working under such conditions at MASH at CMH Muzaffarabad.The results were compared with the procedure done under image by the same surgeon.Study Design: Retrospective comparative study. Settings: Field Hospital (MASH) at CMHMuzaffarabad, CMH Kharian, CMH Malir and CMH Nowshera. Period of Study: Sep 2007 toMarch 2016. Material and Method: 165 cases of fracture femur, tibia and humerus were fixedwith static I/M I/L Nailing without image intensifier while 148 cases of fractures of these bonesfixed under image using ortho -table by the same surgeon were included in the study. Results:A minimum follow-up of 06 months was done and observations made regarding estimatedblood loss, average time of operation (including anesthesia), and fracture healing time, weightbearing, early and late complications. Results are compared in two groups. Conclusion: I/M I/LNailing for long bones fractures can be done without image intensifier11 or any intra-operativeX-rays.4 Ortho-table is also not essential. Technique is simple. Opening the fracture site is notrequired in most of the cases. Minimal access is used when fracture site opening is required. Itdoes not compromise any principle for internal fixation. Distal interlocking screws are appliedwithout making a cortical window and their position is doubly confirmed intra-operatively bya simple technique (not mentioned in literature before this study). There are no added risksinvolved12 and results are comparable to the procedure done using image intensifier and orthotable.
LASIK;
Authors: Fatima Khushbu , Saddique Zahid , Akram Syed Nishat , Furqan Aamir
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To determine the effect of LASIK on tear film stability. Study Design:Cross sectional, prospective study. Setting: The study was conducted in D. G. Laser Vision andDiagnostic Center, D.G. Khan, South Punjab, Pakistan. Period: From March 2016 to September2016. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients (two hundred eyes) were selected forthis study. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Categorical variables presented asfrequency and percentages and numerical variables presented as mean ± standard deviation.Results: It is observed that values of tear break up time, Schimer I and Schimer II were decreasingat one week and one month post LASIK as compare to one week pre LASIK values. Mean tearbreak up time at one week of pre LASIK was 14.72 ± 1.08 seconds (P=0.000), at one week postLASIK was 13.64 ± 1.507 seconds (P=0.000) and at one month post LASIK was 13.02 ± 1.695seconds (P=0.000). Conclusion: Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) significantly changestear film stability and tear secretions for at least one month post operatively.
BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR;
Authors: Mehreen Asma , Bano Saeeda , Ujala Bushra
Published: September 2021

Introduction: β-Thalassemia major (β-TM) is a genetic haemoglobin disorderwhich is relatively common in some geographical areas. β-TM is characterized by severe anaemia,which needs a continuous blood transfusion regimen starting from the first months of life toprolong survival. Objectives: To compare mean reduction in serum ferritin level with deferasiroxand desferrioxamine when used as an iron chelator in multi-transfused beta thalassemia major.Study design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Thalassemia clinic, The Children’s Hospitaland The Institute of Child Health, Lahore. Duration of Study with Dates: Study was carried outover a period of nine months from 28-06-2015 to 27-03-2016. Subjects and Methods: A totalof 100 patients (50 patients in each group). The patients were randomly allocated into twogroups using random numbers stable. Group-A received Deferasirox and group-B receivedDesferrioxamine. Results: Mean age of the patients was 7.42±4.13 and 7.87±4.13 in group-Aand B, respectively. Regarding sex distribution, 26 patients (52.0%) in group-A and 28 patients(56.0%) in group-B were male while 24 patients (48.0%) in group-A and 22 patients (44.0%) ingroup-B were female. Reduction from baseline in group-A was 783.60±413.66 ng/ml and ingroup-B 552.80±155.45 ng/ml (P<0.001) There was more reduction in group-A. In group-Abaseline serum ferritin level was 2495.00±1259.10 ng/ml and at 9 month 1712.00±1019.36 ng/ml (P<0.001). Similarly in group-B baseline serum ferritin level was 2422.80±910.43 ng/ml andat 9 month 1883±862.72 ng/ml (P<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, deferasirox was moreeffective in terms of reduction in serum ferritin level when compared with desferrioxamine inmulti-transfused beta thalassemia major patients.
ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (ARIS);
Authors: Anjum Muhammad Usman , Riaz Hashim , Tayyab Hafiz Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical profile of patientssuffering from acute respiratory tract infections in our area. Study design: Descriptive study,Setting: Frontier Medical & Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan. Period: July to December,2014. Materials and methods: All those children who were less than five years of age andclinically diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infections were included in the study. Whereaschildren who were more than five years of age, or suffering from chronic respiratory illnesses,or having congenital disease of respiratory tract were excluded from the study. Structuredproforma was used to record demographic and clinical data. World health organization’s criteriawere used to categorize the cases of ARIs. Results: A total of 229 patients were included inthe study. There were 109 male patients while 120 female patients with male to female ratioof 1:1.18. Maximum number of patients, 43%, was in the age group of 13-24 months followedby 31% in age group of 1-12 months and 15% in the age group of 25-36 months. The majorityof patients presented with shortness of breath as their main symptom followed by sore throatand cough. About 97% of our patients sought treatment from trained health care professionalwhile only 03% resort to self-medication. Conclusion: Acute respiratory tract infections arean important group of diseases in children of less than five years of age. These infectionsmostly affect children between 1-2 years of age. The predominant symptom is shortness ofbreath followed by sore throat and cough. Therefore, any child presenting with these symptomsshould be carefully evaluated for ARIs and their severity using World Health Organization’scriteria. Early diagnosis and treatment will, in turn, improve prognosis and reduce burden onhealth care facilities.
ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL TUMORS;
Authors: Sohal Karpal Singh , Moshy Jeremiah Robert
Published: September 2021

Background: The oro-facial region including the jawbones and related tissuescan be the site of a multitude of neoplastic conditions. This region is minefield for many benignor malignant neoplastic conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern ofoccurrence of oral and maxillofacial tumours amongst paediatric patients treated at MuhimbiliNational Hospital. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Department of Oral andMaxillofacial Surgery in Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). Period: January 2008 to December2013. Methodology: Histological results of lesions that occurred in oral and maxillofacial region.Patient’s demographic data, histopathological diagnosis and the type of tumour were recorded.The lesions were broadly grouped as benign and malignant. Data analysis was done usingversion 19 of SPSS computer program. Results: A total of 1447 histological results of patientswith oral and maxillofacial lesions were obtained from the archives, of which 138 (9.5%) werehistological results of children under 15 years. Male to Female ratio was 1:1. The age rangedfrom 0 to 15 years, mean age being 10.8 ± 3.8. The most affected age groups were of 6-10and 11-15. Ameloblastoma was the most common benign lesion, while Burkitt’s lymphoma wasthe commonest malignant lesions. Conclusion: Benign lesions are the most common oral andmaxillofacial lesions among paediatric patients, and their prevalence increase with increasingage. The pattern of occurrence of oral and maxillofacial tumours in this study will be of interestto the clinicians and pathologists as it shades light to the trend of oral and maxillofacial lesionin children.
SERUM 25-HYDROXY VITAMIN D;
Authors: Memon Shazia , Shiakh Farzana , Makhdoom Asadullah , Tahir S. M.
Published: September 2021

Deficiency of vitamin D is an emerging issue in children worldwide. It has beenobserved that all patients with vitamin D deficiency does not manifest clinical features or hyperparathyroidresponse. In this study we have evaluated the interaction of serum vitamin D level,parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and bone mineral density (BMD) in children. Objectives: Ourobjectives were to determine the frequency of Vitamin D deficiency in children and association oflow serum D level with serum parathyroid level and bone mineral density (BMD). Study Design:Descriptive cross sectional study. Period: June 2012 to May 2014. Setting: Pediatric and Orthopediatricout-patient departments. Material & Methods: A total of 500 children up to 15 yearswith low serum vitamin D level were enrolled to analyze the interaction of Serum vitamin D, PTHand BMD. Patients were divided in groups on the basis of serum PTH. We have categorize thedeficiency of Vitamin D on the basis of level of 25OHD. It was defined as severe (25OHD ≤ 5ng/ml), moderate (25OHD≤ 10 ng/ml) and mild (25OHD ≤ 20 ng/ml) and hyperparathyroidism(SHPT) was valued if level >65 pg/ml. All children with 25OH ≤ 20 ng/ml were included andassociation with SHPT and BMD were measured. Results: It has been observed that 30–40%of patients with moderate and severe deficiency of vitamin D respectively had shown increasedlevel of PTH. Bone mineral density has demonstrated decline pattern from PTH Quartile 1toQuartile 4 at all sites in children, with only minimal difference (decreasing trend) in serum25OHD levels between these quartiles. The critical level of parathyroid hormone beyond whichBMD going to decline is 35 pg/ml. No demonstrable difference has been observed in BMDwithin each PTH quartile according to categorization of Vitamin D Deficiency. Conclusions:Around 40% of the patients having low serum vitamin D level demonstrated SHPT. Regardingthe BMD levels, it begins to decreases at PTH levels currently well thought-out to be normal.So there is a need to re-define SHPT among different age groups considering the relationshiplinking PTH and BMD. This may also affect guidelines regarding vitamin d supplementation inpatients with vitamin D deficiency.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION;
Authors: Ahmed Saeed , Zubair Hina , Abdul Hamid Khawaja , Bashir Faisal , Bakth Kayani Muhammed Shahbaz
Published: September 2021

Coronary artery disease is one of the major cause of mortality in the modernworld and will become the leading cause of death by 2020, percutaneous coronary interventionhas proven to be most efficient in STEMI to decrease the mortality. Objectives: This studywas designed to determine the procedural success of Primary PCI in patients with Acute STsegment elevation Myocardial infarction. Study Design: It was an observational study. Placeand Duration: Cardiology unit of P.I.M.S, Islamabad, conducted from 2nd November 2011 to2nd May 2012. Patients and Methods: This study included 43 patients with Acute STEMI. Allof them had primary PCI. The main outcome variable was frequency of procedural successdescribed as TIMI flow II or III, which was described as frequency distribution table. Results:Procedural success was achieved among all (100%) patients. Conclusions: The proceduralsuccess of primary PCI is high (almost successful in every case) and should be offered to thepatients with Acute STEMI whenever the facility is available.
METHANOL POISONING;
Authors: Afzal Aurangzeb , Fatima Sana , Mand Ahmed Aizaz
Published: September 2021

Acute methanol poisoning produces severe metabolic acidosis, increased anionand osmolal gaps. These metabolic disturbances are due to accumulation of formic acid withhas serious neurological sequelae. If renal functions starts deteriorating that is associated withincreased mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce morbidity and mortality. Treatmentinclude infusion of sodium bicarbonate and administration of ethanol orally or parentally to inhibitthe production of formic acid from methanol. Hemodialysis is helpful in removal of methanoland its breakdown products from circulation and also in correcting acidosis. We report thecase of a boy admitted to the emergency room with a history of acute illness, characterized bynausea, vomiting, blurred vision, and shortness of breath. Arterial blood gases showed severemetabolic acidosis with high anion gap. He had ingested large quantity of alcohol containingmethanol. The patient was managed with hemodialysis and strong intravenous hydration. Heimproved well and made a full recovery.
DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY;
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Bashir Muhammad Usman , Nasir Ameena
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare serum uric acid levels in different stages of diabeticnephropathy. Study Design: Descriptive analytical study. Setting: University of Health ScienceLahore. Period: February 2010 to January 2011. Subjects and methods: A sample size of195 diabetic subjects. They were divided among normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric andmacroalbuminuric groups, according to their daily urinary albumin excretion rate (AER), with65 patients in each group. Their glomerular filtration rate (GFR), daily AER and serum uricacid was evaluated by conducting tests on serum and urine samples. Statistics: Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to observe differences of medians in differentgroups. P value less than 0.05 was taken statistically significant. Results: There was majority ofmales in microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric groups while females were more in numberin normoalbuminuric group. Significant differences were found in serum urea concentration,serum creatinine concentration, serum uric acid concentration, glomerular filtration rate, urinarycreatinine concentration, urine flow rate, daily albumin excretion rate and urinary albuminconcentration among the three groups. Urinary creatinine concentration and glomerularfiltration rate were in the highest ranges in normoalbuminuric group and in the lowest rangesin macroalbuminuric group. While rest of the parameters (ie. age, duration of diabetes, serumurea concentration, serum creatinine concentration, urine flow rate, daily AER , urinary albuminconcentration and serum uric acid concentration) were in the lowest ranges in normoalbuminuricgroup and in the highest ranges in macroalbuminuric group. There was significant increaseserum uric acid levels in advancing stages of diabetic nephropathy. p <0.05 was takenstatistically significant. Conclusion: It is concluded that serum uric acid increases with theadvancing stages of diabetic nephropathy. Progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate andgradual rise in serum creatinine level occurs throughout the course of diabetic nephropathy.
ALLIUM SATIVUM ESSENTIAL OIL (ASEO);
Authors: Irshad Faisal , Mawani Hina , Naz Sana
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To determine the effects of Allium sativum essential oil (ASEO)phytotherapy on serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDLc, LDLc and blood cell counts inalbino rat model. Study design: Experimental study. Setting and Duration: Animal House,Sindh Agriculture University and Isra University Hyderabad from May 2014 to January 2015.Materials and Methods: 60 albino rats were divided into four groups. Controls were givenPlacebo. Experimental rat groups were given ASEO 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kgorally for 30 days. Cardiac puncture was performed for blood sampling. Research variableswere analyzed on Statistix 10.0 (USA). Results: Blood lipids showed significant reduction invarious blood lipid fractions. Serum LDLc exhibited with a concomitant rise in serum HDLc (p=0.0001) in high ASEO treated rats. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelet showedsignificant improvement ASEO fed rats (p=0.001). Conclusion: Allium sativum essential oil(ASEO) phytotherapy showed a rise in HDLc and a reduction in LDLc, triglycerides and totalcholesterol with improvement in red blood cell counts.
MEDICAL EMERGENCIES;
Authors: - Priya , Munir Ambreen , Talpur Nida , Kumar Punjabi Suneel
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To asses and manage medical emergencies in the dental setupsof Hyderabad city. Methodology: Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting:General and Specialist dentists of Hyderabad city. Period: June 2015 to January 2016. Inthis study population of 187 dentists were enlisted practicing either in public or private setupof Hyderabad, Sindh. Questionnaire designed to obtain information about their experience.Results: (59.89%) of the graduate dentists having less than 5 years clinical experienceand (40%) have clinical experience of more than 5 years, qualification, 114 (60.63%) of thepractitioner had fundamental dental aptitude and 73 (39.0 %) were specialists with differentpostgraduate aptitude. Medical emergency workshops attended, (60.96%) General dentistsand Specialist had undertaken BLS course, commonly occurring emergency was vasovagalsyncope with the prevalence of 103(55.0%) and availability of drugs and equipment’s wereOral Glucose (90%), Aspirin (86%) and Sprit Ammonia (78%) usually available drugs kept bythe Clinical Setup to handle the emergency procedures. Conclusion: Dental practitioners ofcity Hyderabad are able to identify and handle medical crisis, however most of the doctorseither not properly trained to contract with these circumstances or they have poor assets todeal with medical emergencies. Improvement in knowledge of dentists through speculative anddemonstrable educational courses, availability of emergency drugs, equipment’s and advancegroundwork for the emergency management of the patients is required.
Pesantren dan Kewirausahaan di Era Kompetisi
Authors: Indra Hasbi
Published: September 2021

Abstract: the research of side of qualitative methodes are based of islamic scholars by book or journals for Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) one of a pillar institution deal with to intelligent students for development of nations in the future. In the future, islamic boarding school are face the complicated problems. Pesantren now be a part of national systems and are hoped to reach national level and  even international level quality. This time national education have under position in Asian State that are Singapore, Thailand. Malaysia, Philiphine and  Vietnam. It looks are not correlated problems with pesantren but the instutituon are a part of national education systems therefore the institution must ready its. In that conditions pesantren are face of globalization fenomenon that are bear result development of science and give easy for humans life and also that contains negative effects such as break of values of human and then the norms of religion had stay. The development of economyc effor in the future in the world are interesting part for well of nation so dealt with a side in free trade amongt of Asian nation. In this era pesantren as institutional education are a parts its could attention for it. Pesantren in the future could attention for horizon santri dealt with very intresting for human life specially about economic in wich give justice deploy it and etics for them in order to create of well of humanity and also give attention to readiness santri with souls entrepreneurship and skill for their life and then could competete by human being in this worlds.Keywords: Islamic boarding school, economic, entrepreneurship
Postoperative radiotherapy and N2 non-small cell lung cancer prognosis: a retrospective study based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database
Authors: Zhang Yunbo , Zheng Liping , Liu Junqi , Li Jinqiu , Zhang Jianguang , Ma Jingjing , Song Yuxiu
Published: September 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of postoperative radiotherapy for N2 lung cancer.Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on the survival and prognosis of patients with N2 lung cancer.Setting and design: Data from 12,000 patients with N2 lung cancer were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2012). Age at disease onset and 5-year survival rates were calculated.Statistical analysis: Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. The univariate log-rank test was performed. Multivariate Cox regression were used to examine factors affecting survival.Results: Patients’ median age was 67 years (mean 66.46 ± 10.03). The 5-year survival rate was 12.55%. Univariate analysis revealed age, sex, pathology, and treatment regimen as factors affecting prognosis. In multivariate analysis, when compared to postoperative chemotherapy, postoperative chemoradiotherapy was better associated with survival benefits (hazard ratio [HR]= 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.813-0.898, P <0.001). Propensity score matching revealed that patients who had received postoperative chemoradiotherapy had a better prognosis than did patients who had received postoperative chemotherapy (HR=0.869, 95% CI: 0.817-0.925, P <0.001).Conclusion: Female patients and patients aged <65 years had a better prognosis than did their counterparts. Patients with adenocarcinoma had a better prognosis than did patients with squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, prognosis worsened with increasing disease T stage. Patients who had received postoperative chemoradiotherapy had a better prognosis than did patients who had received postoperative chemotherapy. Postoperative radiotherapy was an independent prognostic factor in this patient group.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerima BOP Pendidikan Madrasah Dengan Metode Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
Authors: Suhendar Akip , Novia Epa
Published: September 2021

Kementrian Agama kota Serang adalah salah satu lembaga yang berada dibawah Menteri Agama Republik Indonesia, Salah satu tugas utamanya adalah mengelola lembaga pendidikan islam yaitu madrasah diniyah, madrasah ibtida’iyah, madrasah pondok pesantren, dan juga pengelolaan dana bantuan operasional pendidikan. kurangnya akurasi antara kriteria dan persyaratan penerima BOP sehingga rentan terjadi manipulasi,  oleh karena itu maka dibutuhkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan untuk memberikan rekomendasi terhadap penetapan penerima bantuan operasional pendidikan (BOP)  yang akurat. Metode MCDM yang sesuai diterapkan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan penetapan penerima BOP ini adalah metode Weighted Product Model (WPM) karena alasan kesederhanaan dan juga sesuai dengan proses pemilihan alternatif. Adapun Kriteria penerima bantuan operasional pendidikan (BOP) antara lain: minimal memiliki siswa 60 orang, memiliki izin operasional, bangunan fisik , minimal memiliki 4 kelas, minimal memiliki 4 orang pengajar, usia madrasah minimal 2 tahun, tidak sedang mendapatkan bantuan dari instansi lain. tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan metode MCDM untuk  membangun aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan penentuan penerima BOP madrasah dan memudahkan bagian Kementrian Agama untuk menyeleksi calon penerima bantuan operasional pendidikan. pada penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan untuk memberikan rekomendasi terhadap penetapan penerima bantuan operasional pendidikan (BOP) madrasah, aplikasi ini dibangun dengan menggunakan Delphi 7 dan database MySql.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Rumah Kostt Di Sekitar Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Serang Raya Menggunakan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: . Harsiti , Lestari Rinny , Kurniawati Endah , Dizani Muhar
Published: September 2021

Menentukan rumah kost sering menjadi kesulitan bagi mahasiswa pendatang karena lokasi kampus yang jauh dari rumah membuat mahasiswa kurang mengetahui tentang rumah kost yang pantas dan layak untuk ditinggali. Sering terjadinya ketidakcocokan antara mahasiswa dengan rumah kost yang mereka pilih mengakibatkan mahasiswa sering berpindah-pindah yang tentunya dapat menelan banyak waktu dan biaya. Untuk meminimumkan kendala tersebut diperlukan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menganalisa rumah kost yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa. Pada penelitian ini dibahas mengenai penerapan metode AHP. Data diperoleh dari survey yang dilakukan terhadap rumah kost di sekitar kampus. Sistem pendukung keputusan dalam pemilihan rumah kost dilakukan berdasarkan 4 kriteria yaitu harga, jarak dengan kampus, kontur bangunan serta ukuran. Hasil dari penelitian adalah sebuah analisis proses seleksi berupa nilai akhir rumah kostt sebagai rekomendasi bagi pengambil keputusan untuk memilih rumah kost yang cocok serta sesuai seperti yang diinginkan oleh mahasiswa.
Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendiagnosa Gangguan Pencernaan Pada Anak Dengan Metode Forward Chaining
Authors: . Saefudin , Rianti YG. Rosi Tri
Published: September 2021

Sistem pakar adalah sistem  yang berusaha mengadopsi pengetahuan manusia ke komputer. Sistem pakar mengandung pengetahuan tertentu sehingga setiap orang dapat menggunakannnya untuk memecahkan masalah yang bersifat spesifik.  Sistem pakar dengan memanfaatkan metode forward chaining dimulai dari pemilihan gejala awal sampai menemukan informasi sesuai dengan aturan rule. Penelitian ini bertujuan membangun aplikasi sistem pakar untuk mendiagnosa gangguan pencernaan pada anak menggunakan metode forward chaining. Apliklasi ini   dirancang menggunakan UML dan dibangun dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Borland Delphi 7, serta MySQL sebagai database, dan hasil penelitian ini diimplementasikan pada Klinik Prima Husada.
Aplikasi Pemetaan Kantor Dinas Di Kabupaten Bangkalan-Madura Berbasis Android
Authors: Anamisa Devie Rosa , Rachmad Aeri
Published: September 2021

Saat ini perkembangan teknologi sangat pesat, salah satunya pada aplikasi pencarian lokasi, menyebabkan banyak uji pemetaan semakin mudah dilakukan. Salah satu pencarian lokasi yang biasa dilakukan adalah pencarian lokasi dengan Google-Map. Namun keterbatasan Google-Map hanya melakukan pencarian lokasi kantor-kantor dinas wilayah madura khususnya Bangkalan. Untuk menyampaikan informasi lokasi tersebut dirasa kurang praktis karena tidak bersifat 'mobile', sementara mobilitas manusia semakin tinggi. Android merupakan sistem operasi terbuka yang digunakan untuk smart phone yang saat ini sedang sangat diminati oleh masyarakat. Pada penelitian ini menghasilkan suatu aplikasi yang mengimplementasikan pemetaan infrastruktur kantor-kantor dinas Kabupaten Bangkalan-Madura untuk mempermudah dalam proses pencarian lokasi dan juga informasi layanan di tiap kantor dinas wilayah Madura khususnya Bangkalan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menghasilkan analisa yang akan digunakan sebagai pertimbangan dalam pemetaan infrastruktur kantor baik Dinas Capil, Dinas Kesehatan, Dinas Pendidikan, Dinas Koperasi, dan Dinas Pertanian di Kabupaten Bangkalan dengan sistem layanan berbasis lokasi (LBS) berbasis android.
Aplikasi Sms Gateway Untuk Mengakses Informasi Nilai Ujian Akhir Nasional Pada Smp YP. Fatahillah Cilegon
Authors: Suhendar Akip
Published: September 2021

Kemajuan teknologi telekomunikasi pada saat ini memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap perkembangan informasi. Handphone merupakan salah satu perangkat telekomunikasi yang sedang berkembang pada saat ini. Apalagi banyak, atau sudah bisa dibilang hampir seluruh handphone yang dipasarkan sudah memiliki kemampuan untuk dihubungkan dengan sebuah komputer dengan menggunakan koneksi tertentu. Koneksi tersebut bisa berupa kabel data, infrared ataupun bluetooth. SMS (Short Message service) merupakan salah satu media pada GSM (Global Sistem of Mobile communication) yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk dapat mengirim pesan antar pengguna telepon genggam. SMS merupakan media yang paling banyak dipakai oleh pengguna karena hampir setiap telepon genggam (Handphone) memiliki fasilitas ini. Pada saat ini pengumuman nilai ujian akhir nasional pada SMP Y.P Fatahillah Cilegon menggunakan surat panggilan yang ditujukan kepada orang tua atau wali murid, sehingga diharapkan wali murid dapat hadir pada saat pengumuman nilai nilai ujian akhir nasional yang telah ditentukan oleh pihak sekolah dan mencegah aksi corat-coret baju yang dijadikan tradisi oleh murid-murid sekolah pada saat pengumuman nilai ujian, namun hal tersebut mengalami beberapa kendala diantaranya ialah biaya yang harus dikeluarkan oleh pihak sekolah dalam pembuatan surat undangan untuk para orangtua dan adanya kesibukan para orangtua yang tidak dapat ditinggalkan serta seringnya terjadi keterlambatan dalam proses pengiriman surat sehingga menghambat orangtua atau murid untuk mendapatkan informasi nilai ujian akhir nasional secara cepat. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah program aplikasi SIUAN yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan yang ada dengan memanfaatkan layanan SMS (Short Message Service) agar dapat digunakan untuk mengakses informasi nilai ujian akhir nasional secara cepat dengan biaya yang sangat murah.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi e-health Untuk Peningkatkan Pelayanan Kesehatan Pada Puskesmas Kibin
Authors: . Harsiti , . Tedi , Purnamasari Marlia , Dwiyatno Saleh
Published: September 2021

Puskemas merupakan salah satu organisasi fungsional yang berada dibawah naungan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten atau Kota, dimana Puskesmas ini ditujukan untuk memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat yang belum bisa terjangkau oleh pelayanan rumah sakit.  Pelayanan yang dimaksud adalah mulai dari pendaftaran pasien baik pasien lama ataupun pasien baru, pencatatan rekam medis pasien, distribusi obat ke pasien, pengolahan data dokter dan perawat yang menangani pasien sampai sebagai bentuk keterbukaan informasi kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini akan membangun sebuah aplikasi yang dapat melakukan berbagai fungsi pelayanan dalam bidang kesehatan (e-health) yang bertujuan agar dapat membantu dan mempermudah pelayanan di Puskesmas terkait dengan pelayanan pasien, khususnya mempermudah pasien melihat riwayat kesehatannya sendiri, serta pasien bisa mendapatkan pendidikan kesehatan.  Aplikasi e-health dirancang memiliki beberapa fitur yaitu pendaftaran online, pengiriman resep, pasien bisa melihat riwayat kesehatannya selama berobat di Puskesmas dan menyediakan informasi kesehatan. Perancangan sistem e-health ini menggunakan pendekatan perencangan berorientasi pada objek menguunakan tools Unified Modelling Language (UML) yang terdiri dari lima diagram yaitu usecase diagram, activity diagram, sequence diagram, class diagram dan collaboration diagram  dan pengembangan aplikasi menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, database menggunakan PHPMysql dan Dreamweaver.
Penerapan Metode Profile Matching Dalam Pengembangan Aplikasi E-Commerce Pada Penjualan Barang Elektronik
Authors: . Masitoh , Suhendar Akip
Published: September 2021

Toko Sinar Makmur merupakan salah satu toko yang berbisnis dalam bidang penjualan barang elektronik, sebagai toko yang bergerak dibidang penjualan dirasa perlu adanya sebuah aplikasi online (e-commerce) untuk membantu memperluas jangkauan penjualan dan untuk mengatasi keraguan konsumen dalam membeli secara online, perlu adanya pembuatan sistem pendukung konsumen untuk membantu konsumen dalam melakukan pembelian online dan dapat menentukan pilihan barang yang tepat. Dalam pembuatan sistem pendukung konsumen untuk pembelian barang elektronik secara online ini, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan terdiri dari wawancara, observasi lapangan, tinjauan kepustakaan. Analisis sistem dan desain sistem dengan menggunakan diagram yang terkandung dalam UML (Unified Modelling Language) serta menggunakan metode Profile matching. Profile matching merupakan proses membandingkan antara nilai aktual dari sebuah barang elektronik dengan nilai sebuah barang elektronik yang diharapkan. Berdasarkan hasil pengembangan aplikasi e-commerce ini sehingga dapat di peroleh barang yang memiliki nilai lebih besar antara barang yang satu dengan barang yang lainnya dan barang yang memiliki nilai lebih besar tersebut akan di rekomendasikan kepada konsumen.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Akademik Universitas Serang Raya (Infosera) Berbasis Mobile Android
Authors: Ibrohim Muhamad , Hermawan Arwan
Published: September 2021

Android Technology developments are currently Singer Many developers use App Good for Personal Needs and Institutional review. SERVICES AT information Already Running University Raya Serang When Singer Must Can follow the development of Android technology. By THEREFORE, built-Based Information Systems Applications Android WITH academic purposes as a Options (complementary) System that can be meet the ADA Requirements The information can be accessed through a mobile device to review AKSes facilitate Yang MORE FLEXIBLE. Mobile phone applications are built Implement Three Technologies That Service Background Android and Push Notification The function to run an application in the Rear Screen for review checking ON database server And MAKE Notification Under Condition What is desired, JSON Its function is to review data exchange BETWEEN Android smartphone web server WITH, web and services Yang serves as the program provider information data. From the findings of Information System Implementation academic AT THE University of Serang Kingdom Singer, can be concluded that Information Systems Academic singer can be Running Platform AT Android And has Able to function WITH Good Namely Charging Study Plan Card (KRS), information Study Result Card (KHS) Library and information books.
Potensi Keuntungan Kompetitif Penggunaan Internet Bagi Perusahaan
Authors: Fernando Donny
Published: September 2021

Perkembangan pembangunan infrastruktur ICT, dukungan regulasi pemerintah serta biaya koneksi yang relatif terjangkau mendorong pelaku bisnis untuk dapat berkompetisi secara global. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perusahaan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan kompetitif terhadap penggunaan internet. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi faktor-faktor yang mendatangkan dan meningkatkan keuntungan kompetitif bagi perusahaan dalam mentransformasikan strategi bisnisnya dengan media Internet dan mendapatkan suatu model statistik yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi sebuah model bagi perusahaan yang akan mentransformasikan Internet kedalam strategi bisnisnya. Untuk melakukan penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif.
Strategi Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dalam Mewujudkan Mutu di Insan Cendekia Halmahera Barat Maluku Utara
Authors: Tawary Buyung Ismu
Published: September 2021

This research is based on the establishment of MAN Insan Cendekia in 2017, with all the achievements that Madrasahs have as a measure of quality. The purpose of this research is to find out how the leadership strategy of Insan Cendekia Halmahera Barat madrasah in realizing the quality of madrasah. This research is a descriptive qualitative research, with a phenomenological approach that occurs in the field. Collecting data using observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used three lines of analysis, namely data reduction, data presentation and ferification. The results of this study indicate that: The strategy of implementing and evaluating the quality of education in the West Halmahera Intellectuals is carried out in three ways: first: provision of adequate facilities and infrastructure, second: increasing teacher competence and third: developing student potential in the field of science and technology and IMTAQ as a program flagship madrasa. The full support of the central government and local governments for the development of madrasah is a supporting factor in realizing quality. The results obtained from improving the quality of education are the increase in the construction of madrasa facilities, and student achievements obtained from competitions in the field of Science and technology and and MAN Insan Cendekia West Halmahera accredited A in 2018 with a total score of 92.