bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Seasonal Variation of the Physical and Chemical Characteristics of the Water of the Roosevelt River, Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues dos Anjos Marcelo , Fulan João Ânderson , Machado Nadja Gomes , Martins da Silva Paulo André , Sales Maria Clécia Gomes , Barbosa Elder Leite , Noguchi Harumy Sales
Published: January 2022

The goal of this work was to perform preliminary surveys over the abiotic factors of Roosevelt river, Amazonas, Brazil in four different periods: rising, flood, lowing, and dry. Four sites were monitored: P1, P2, P3 and P4. There were measured: depth, water transparency, conductivity, pH, surface water temperature and dissolved oxygen. Results showed a seasonality at the four sampling stations. The conductivity always showed high values in the flood at all sampling stations, except for P4. The pH showed low variation in all periods and sampling stations. Only depth and transparency were significant in P2. We conclude that studies are required that indicate the potential causes of conductivity variation: autochthonous or human activities. The explanation of the conductivity source is necessary since the studied area is located near a conservation area.
Influence of Teacher Occupational Stress on Self-Efficacy
Authors: Kareem Jacqueline , Sharon Valaramathi B.  , Tantia Veerta
Published: January 2022

The teaching profession is undergoing a revolutionary change due to the compulsive integration of technology into education. There is a growing interest in understanding teachers’ occupational stress and efficacy in online teaching. The participants of this study were school teachers in Bengaluru, India. The measures from teachers’ occupational stress and self-efficacy scales investigate the influence of occupational stress and self-efficacy during two periods – before and during COVID-19. The findings of the study reflected that the influence of Occupational Stress on Self-Efficacy has doubled during COVID-19. Classroom management and resources for online teaching mainly influenced Self-Efficacy during COVID-19, whereas classroom management and administration proved to influence Self-Efficacy before COVID-19. Online learning strategies adopted by educational institutions will certainly make an impression on the education system post COVID-19. The current research contributes a significant component in the formation of the teachers’ professional identity.
Emergency Online Programming Classes
Authors: Yong Su Ting , Gates Peter
Published: January 2022

A study was conducted to explore student self-efficacy, motivation, and performance in learning programming online. A questionnaire was administered to 132 students in a Foundation in Engineering programme using the Computer Programming Self-Efficacy Scale and Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. Then, exam performance and Moodle logs were used to complement the findings. Data collected revealed that students with prior programming knowledge had more self-efficacy in simple and complex programming concepts. Students were mainly motivated to learn by interest and value. Students performed better in online programming classes, and their performance was positive correlated with Moodle access and attendance at live online classes. There are a few implications of this study. Online delivery is more appropriate for introductory programming course. However, the quality of online classes is inevitably uncertain due to the impact of uncontrollable external factors. Education regardless of whether face-to-face or online, is a complete package of academic knowledge, social and emotional development.
A New Web-Based Personalized Learning System Improves Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sancenon Vicente , Wijaya Kharisma , Wen Xavier Yue Shu , Utama Diaz Adi , Ashworth Mark , Ng Kelvin Hongrui , Cheong Alicia , Neo Zhizhong
Published: January 2022

Although there is increasing acceptance that personalization improves learning outcomes, there is still limited experimental evidence supporting this claim. The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of an adaptive recommendation system for Singapore primary and secondary education. The system leverages users trace data and learning analytics to generate assessment worksheets customized to individual learner’s proficiency. Analysis of online data is used to measure students’ skill levels in specific knowledge domains and monitor their progress. Notably, online measurements correlate positively with offline academic outcomes. A randomized controlled trial conducted on forty-three primary school students revealed statistically significant improvement on academic performance of a group of students receiving personalized content over a control group using non-adaptive material. The authors conclude that the reported recommender system successfully helps students improve their academic achievements.
Design of Hafnium Oxide (HfO2) Sidewall in InGaAs/InP for High-Speed Electronic Devices
Authors: Gowthaman Naveenbalaji , Srivastava Viranjay
Published: January 2022

The Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) based MOSFETs have been widely used in the research of high-speed devices with higher frequency. It has some application in the designing areas of power amplifiers. The InGaAs mainly have greater electron mobility and the lesser band gap in their compound makes them more suitable for developing high-speed devices. The Indium Gallium Arsenide compound-based MOSFETs are designed using the source/drain grown on a passive layer of Indium Phosphide substrate. This helps in reducing the power budget of the MOSFET and thereby reduces source and drain resistance. The re-grown layers over the bulk have serious issues such as parasitic capacitance and greater electrical field at the terminals of the gate along with the drain terminal. This results in a larger leakage current along with the terminals and thereby induces the degradation of the frequency of the application amplifiers. The high-ƙ dielectric along the gate terminal makes the device immune to leakage current for lesser frequency applications. The optimum material for the dielectric may be Hafnium (IV) Oxide – HfO2 which has been used as a sidewall in the proposed InGaAs MOSFET design. The device simulation was carried out in a way to evaluate the characteristics of the proposed designs. The results were submissive to the conventional MOSFETs in terms of output capacitance over the source and drain terminals, leakage current in the drain terminal, and improved frequency parameters. The results also suggested that the sidewall design over the gate terminal constitutes the frequency improvement without losing the power and current characteristics.
Research Progress in the Application of CuS Nanoparticles in Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Qu Yun Fei , Wang Zhi Lei
Published: January 2022

With the development of social industrialization and the aging of the population, malignant tumors have become a great threat to the health and life of people, the research of advanced cancer diagnosis and treatment methods is urgent. In recent years, near infrared light mediated photothermal therapy has been proposed, which can remove tumor tissue at a fixed point and has low side effects on normal tissues. It provides a new method for the treatment of tumors. CuS nanomaterials have many advantages, such as strong near infrared absorption, high photothermal conversion efficiency and simple preparation method. CuS nanoparticles (NPs) can be used to synthesize multifunctional nanoparticles by chelating metal ions in medium to realize multimodal imaging of tumors. These advantages make CuS nanomaterials become a research hotspot in the field of nanomedicine. In this paper, we mainly reviewed the research progress of CuS nanoparticles in tumor imaging diagnosis, photothermal, photodynamic therapy and the integration of diagnosis and treatment, and presents the problems and future research directions of CuS nanoparticles in biomedical applications.
Nanozeolite-Impregnated Polysulfone/Polyethylene Glycol Nanocomposite Membrane for Ion Adsorption Application
Authors: Deang Amira Beatriz Gaces , Alcantara Rustom Steven Adalim , Bayot Jezza B. , Ledesma Nikko Kirby D. , Vasquez V.L. Janerikther L. , Millare Jeremiah C.
Published: January 2022

Polysulfone (PSf) is a high-performance polymer often used in water treatment applications. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Nanozeolite (NZ) were used as additives to improve the membrane’s porosity, chemistry, and overall performance in ion adsorption. PSf, PSf with PEG, and PSf with PEG and varying concentrations of Nanozeolite were prepared via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) and tested using: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for the surface morphology, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for the chemical composition, Contact Angle Goniometer for the wettability, Zeta Potential for the stability, and conductivity test through salt-water bath for ion adsorption application.
Fabrication and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate/Organo-Montmorillonite Composite Membrane for Ion Adsorption
Authors: Querijero Stephen Chris J. , Melgar Aiela Paula L. , Suba Maria Charisma Anne M. , Lagman Mary Madelaine G. , Bucud Katrina R. , Millare Jeremiah C.
Published: January 2022

This study presents the results of modifications done to cellulose acetate (CA) membranes intended for filtration purposes using organo-montmorillonite (O-MMT) clay. The researchers incorporated O-MMT with CA to synthesize composite CA/O-MMT membranes via hand casting. The produced membranes were then characterized to determine the effect of O-MMT of varying % wt. concentrations to its surface morphology and wettability. Morphology of the membranes were observed under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), while its wettability was accounted for by subjecting the samples to contact angle and porometer analysis. SEM images revealed that the presence of O-MMT generally affects the membrane’s surface roughness while the pore size test results show that increasing the concentration of O-MMT leads to a larger average pore size. Conductivity test data suggest that though becoming less hydrophilic, the modified membranes still hold efficient in removing the salt ions from the solution and that the amount of O-MMT concentration present in the CA/O-MMT membranes is the main determining factor behind its efficacy for ion adsorption.
Recent Advances and Challenges of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Ethylene/Ethane Separation
Authors: Cheng Ye Xuan
Published: January 2022

Ethylene/ethane separation has always been a challenging and costly process due to energy-intensive distillation while metal-organic frameworks have been regarded as a new strategy with the bright potential for this separation, profit from their porous structure. In this paper, key factors for ethylene/ethane separation are discussed and the performance of some benchmark MOFs is summarized in addition to the discussion of potential challenges and future outlook of their application on an industrial scale. Their results of neutron powder diffraction experiments, selectivity calculation and breakthrough experiments are summarized to demonstrate their efficacy in gas separation. It can be concluded that [Ca (C4O4)(H2O)] (UTSA-280) is one of the most promising candidates and ethylene-selective MOFs generally have better performance than ethane-selective ones.
Optimization Design of Cold Extrusion Process Parameters for Multi-Ribs Aluminum Alloy Part
Authors: Ji Xin Yang , Fu Wen Zhi , Li Ming Zhe , Wang Chao Yu , Chang Xiang
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the cold extrusion process of aluminum alloy with multi-ribs was studied. The target part is formed by one-step closed cold extrusion. It has the advantages of simple process and high material utilization. The effects of extrusion speed and die corner on forming force and contact stress between billet and die were analyzed. According to the simulation results under different conditions, the reasonable process parameters are selected to obtain the products with full shape and without obvious defects. It can provide an effective reference for the parameter design in the cold extrusion process of this kind of multi-ribs parts.
Comparison of the Inhibition Effect of Cedrus Atlantica and Azadirachta Indica on Low Carbon Steel Corrosion: Data and Statistical Analysis
Authors: Loto Roland Tolulope , Loto Cleophas Akinloto , Busari Ayobami
Published: January 2022

Comparative study of the corrosion inhibition effect of specific concentrations of cedrus atlantica (CA) and azadirachta indica (AI) oil distillates was performed on low carbon steel in 3M of C6H7O8 by coupon analysis. Data obtained showed both distillates performed adequately at all concentrations assessed with principal inhibition value of 94.31% and 99.59%. The performance of CA oil distillate was concentration dependent compared to AI distillate which showed limited variation with respect to concentration. Statistical computation by analysis of variance shows inspection time and inhibitor concentration influences the inhibition performance of both compounds. The margin of error values shows the performance values of both compounds above 70% inhibition efficiency is 100% (+0%). Results from standard deviation shows the inhibition efficiency data varied positively with respect inspection time.
Microstructure and Optical Properties of Zirconium Co-Doped Barium Titanate Thin Films on Quartz Substrates
Authors: Sandi D.K. , Iriani Yofentina , Fasquelle Didier
Published: January 2022

The thin films of Zr co-doped BT (BZT) with the Zr concentrations of 0, 3%, and 5% have been deposited on the quartz substrates via the sol-gel technique with a spin coater. The microstructure and optical properties of the samples were identified by XRD and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer to investigate the properties influenced by the Zr number modification. The XRD patterns exhibited that the samples were a single-phase tetragonal structure and a shift of (101) peak was observed toward a lower angle with increasing Zr content confirming an enlargement in the lattice parameter and cell volume of the samples. On the other hand, the lattice strain and crystallite sizes reduce together with more Zr content. The optical properties examination demonstrated that the BT and BZT samples were highly transparent (~70-80%) in the visible wavelength and the absorption edges exchanged toward a lower wavelength due to the Zr doping particularly on the BZT5. The refractive index values were high categorized at ~ 4, 3.5, and 3.3 for BT, BZT3, and BZT5, respectively. Moreover, BZT possesses the lowest bandgap (3.57 eV) followed by BT (3.61) and BZT5 (3.72 eV)
Advances and Prospects of Self-Assembly of Nanomaterials in 1D to 4D via Electrospinning
Authors: Tian Zi Ting
Published: January 2022

Self-assembly is a ubiquitous process in the natural environment, and electrospinning is a simple and convenient method to fabricate nanofibers. The self-assembly of electrospun nanofibers can produce nanomaterials in one-dimension (1D), two-dimension (2D), three-dimension (3D), and even four-dimension (4D). Techniques to fabricate 1D nanomaterials have been reviewed in this paper, especially for nanofiber and nanotube. The mechanism of the fabrication of 2D nanomaterials has been also introduced which is a specific arrangement of 1D nanostructures. The applications of 2D nanomaterials have been reviewed concerning energy devices, electronic devices, and biomedicine. Additionally, 3D nanomaterials, as more complex materials, are mainly utilized in tissue engineering and some in other fields. The advantages have been highlighted to suggest the development and prospect of 4D nanomaterials. Although 4D printing technologies still remain intractable, some aspects of improvement through electrospinning are possible in terms of responsive materials and self-growth materials.
A Novelty Analytical Approach to Determine Oxidation States in Complex Refractory Oxides Containing Iron, Uranium, Cerium and other Mixed Valence Cations
Authors: Al Essa Khansaa , Lilova Kristina I. , Zhang Lei , Navrotsky Alexandra
Published: January 2022

Titrimetry technique has been used for the first time to determine the oxidation state in complex refractory oxides containing iron, uranium, cerium, and other mixed valence cations. In particular, sodium molybdate (3Na2O-4MoO3), used as an oxidative solvent for metal oxides. Cerium (IV) sulfate solution which prepared with sulfuric acid was used as a titrant. The excess Ce (IV) is back titrated with Fe (II) standard solution with indicator ferroin. The mechanism and the results have been interpreted.
DA-1241, a Novel GPR119 Agonist, Improves Hyperglycaemia by Inhibiting Hepatic Gluconeogenesis and Enhancing Insulin Secretion in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Kim Youjin , Lee Si Woo , Wang Hyejin , Kim Ryeong-Hyeon , Park Hyun Ki , Lee Hangkyu , Kang Eun Seok
Published: January 2022

Background: We investigated the antidiabetic effects of DA-1241, a novel G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 119 agonist, in vitro and in vivo.Methods: DA-1241 was administrated to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice for 12 weeks after hyperglycaemia developed. Oral/intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed. Serum insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels were measured during oral glucose tolerance test. Insulinoma cell line (INS-1E) cells and mouse islets were used to find whether DA-1241 directly stimulate insulin secretion in beta cell. HepG2 cells were used to evaluate the gluconeogenesis and autophagic process. Autophagic flux was evaluated by transfecting microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-fused to green fluorescent protein and monomeric red fluorescent (mRFP-GFP-LC3) expression vector to HepG2 cells.Results: Although DA-1241 treatment did not affect body weight gain and amount of food intake, fasting blood glucose level decreased along with increase in GLP-1 level. DA-1241 improved only oral glucose tolerance test and showed no effect in intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. No significant effect was observed in insulin tolerance test. DA-1241 did not increase insulin secretion in INS-1E cell and mouse islets. DA-1241 reduced triglyceride content in the liver thereby improved fatty liver. Additionally, DA-1241 reduced gluconeogenic enzyme expression in HepG2 cells and mouse liver. DA-1241 reduced autophagic flow in HepG2 cells.Conclusion: These findings suggested that DA-1241 augmented glucose-dependent insulin release via stimulation of GLP-1 secretion, and reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis, which might be associated with autophagic blockage, leading to improved glycaemic control.
Clinical application of viscoelastic point-of-care tests of coagulation-shifting paradigms
Authors: Nath Soumya Sankar , Pandey Chandra Kant , Kumar Sumit
Published: January 2022

Bleeding during cardiac surgery, liver transplant, trauma and post partum hemorrhage are often multifactorial and these factors are dynamic as new factors crop up during the course of management. Conventional tests of coagulation offer information of a part of the coagulation system and also is time consuming. Viscoelastic point of care tests (VE POCTs) like rotational thromboelastometry, thromboelastogram and Sonoclot, are based on analysis of the viscoelastic properties of clotting blood and provide information for the entire coagulation pathway. In this comprehensive review being presented here, we have examined the pros and cons of VE POCTs including clinical, cost and survival benefits. The recommendations of the various guidelines regarding use of VE POCTs in various scenarios have been discussed. The review also tried to offer suggestions as to their optimal role in management of bleeding during cardiac surgeries, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, left ventricular assist devices, liver transplant and briefly in trauma and postpartum hemorrhage.
Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Al Balool Joud , Rajan Rajesh , Al Jarallah Mohammed , Dashti Raja , Al Mulla Khalid , Al Haroun Retaj , Kobalava Zhanna Davidovna
Published: January 2022

As the aging population increases, a concurrent rise in the incidence of aortic stenosis (AS) is projected. Early recognition and diagnosis of AS are cardinal in preventing the progression of the disease into its more fatal effects. Precision in diagnosis and risk stratification is paramount, as therapy can be opted accordingly. Current therapeutic advances aim to target an elderly population with minimally invasive procedures such as transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), transforming conventional management in a more at-risk population. Despite dismal outcomes without treatment, therapy in the form of surgical aortic valve replacement or TAVR is proven to improve survival in cases of AS, with such therapeutic benefit being observable at the extreme end of the spectrum with inoperable cases. In this review, we will address the latest recommendations and guidelines on AS, with emphasis on diagnosis and treatment.
Journey of Oliceridine
Authors: Tejus A , Sinha Sharmila , Mohan Prafull , Mathur A. G.
Published: January 2022

Opioid analgesics play a crucial role in the management of acute pain, but its use is often limited by various adverse effects, especially nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression. There has always been an attempt to develop analgesics that are equi-efficacious to opioids but carry less risk of respiratory depression. Oliceridine has been the first among such biased/selective molecules approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Oliceridine is proposed to act selectively on mu-opioid receptors producing analgesia but does not propagate β-arrestin mediated mechanism postulated to be responsible for respiratory depression of other opioids, especially morphine. Oliceridine has favorable pharmacokinetics for intravenous administration and no significant drug interactions have been proposed.
Об альтернативных аппроксимирующих распределениях в многомерном варианте второй равномерной предельной теоремы Колмогорова
Authors: Gotze Friedrich , Zaitsev Andrei Yurevich
Published: January 2022

Цель работы - показать, что недавние результаты авторов об аппроксимации распределений сумм независимых слагаемых безгранично делимыми законами на выпуклых многогранниках могут быть получены с помощью некоторого альтернативного класса аппроксимирующих безгранично делимых распределений. Мы также обобщим результаты на бесконечномерный случай.
Аналог формулы Фейнмана-Каца для оператора высокого порядка
Authors: Platonova Mariya V
Published: January 2022

В работе построена вероятностная аппроксимация оператора эволюции $\exp(t({\frac{(-1)^{m+1}}{(2m)!} \frac{d^{2m}}{dx^{2m}}+V}))$ в виде математических ожиданий функционалов от точечного случайного поля. Построенную аппроксимацию можно рассматривать как обобщение формулы Фейнмана-Каца на случай дифференциального уравнения порядка $2m$.
A new solution of Bertrand's paradox
Authors: Kaushik Pitamber
Published: January 2022

Парадокс Бертрана хорошо известен в классической теории вероятностей. Суть противоречия заключается в том, что при вычислении искомой вероятности, на первый взгляд одной и той же, с помощью трех разных методов получаются три различных значения.
В статье описывается еще один, новый подход, основанный на проецировании радиус-векторов на диаметр. Для всех точек, лежащих между двумя крайними точками диаметра, проводятся хорды, соединяющие конец соответствующего радиус-вектора с фиксированной крайней точкой диаметра.
Galton-Watson processes and their role as building blocks for branching processes
Authors: Bruss F. Thomas
Published: January 2022

Эта статья - обзор, одновременно объясняющий и обосновывающий роль процессов Гальтона-Ватсона как инструмента в теории ветвящихся процессов. Для автора статья явилась возможностью отметить вклад в эту область двух выдающихся ученых-специалистов из Российской академии наук и поздравить их с юбилеями. Основной темой статьи является роль, которую процессы Гальтона-Ватсона сыграли в исследованиях автора.
Мы начинаем статью с управляемых процессов Гальтона-Ватсона. Затем мы переходим к случайным процессам с поглощениями и рассматриваем связанную с ними задачу, возникающую в медицине. Далее после обсуждения вариантов леммы Бореля-Кантелли мы переходим к $\varphi$-ветвящимся процессам и их обобщениям. В качестве дальнейших обобщений рассматриваются процессы Гальтона-Ватсона с двумя полами. Наконец, кратко упоминаются относительно более сложные ветвящиеся процессы с ресурсными ограничениями, чтобы показать еще раз, что использование (когда это имеет смысл) тех же схем размножения, что и в процессах Гальтона-Ватсона, может быть удобным способом упростить исследование новых процессов и получать новые интересные результаты.
La dicotomía animal / humano en Canto villano (1978) de Blanca Varela
Authors: Fernández-Cozman Camilo Rubén
Published: January 2022

The animal / human dichotomy in Villain Song (1978) by Blanca Varela

The article analyzes the work of Blanca Varela, the most important Peruvian poet of all time. She highlights the dichotomy between animal and human in her collection of poems Canto villano. The paper is based, above all, on the proposal of Giorgio Agamben, who questions the opposition between animal and human to suggest that there is a continuity between both living beings. Likewise, the concept of anthropology machine is used for the analysis of Blanca Varela’s poetry.
Saisir le vouloir-dire du français par les étudiants polonophones : quelles difficultés et quelles facilités ?
Authors: Piegzik Wioletta A. , Mitera Ewelina
Published: January 2022

Grasping French vouloir-dire by Polish-speaking students: what difficulties and what facilities?

The objective of this article is to analyze the question of French vouloir-dire from the perspective of second language acquisition. We start from the principle that each language has its own “genius” (Yaguello 1988) and that mastering a language means above all letting oneself be tempted by this genius. In this perspective, we focus on the study of the facilities and difficulties experienced by Polishspeaking students learning French as a foreign language. By presenting the results of an empirical study carried out in two universities in Poland, we show that it is possible to enumerate intuitive grammatical constructions and those whose logic remains difficult for both intuition and analytical thinking throughout the process of learning French. The study also discovers that there is a need to redefine the notion of vouloir-dire while taking into consideration language contacts and the linguistic biography of speakers.
Kadınların Sağlık Algıları, Kanser Taramalarına Yönelik Tutumları ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: UYSAL Neşe , ÜNAL TOPRAK Filiz
Published: January 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma kadınların kanser taramalarına yönelik tutumlarını, sağlık algılarını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı, kesitsel tipte yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın örneklemini Türkiye’de yaşayan, online ortamda gönderilen çalışma davetine onam vererek anketleri dolduran 248 kadın oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri, Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği ve Kanser Taramalarına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmamıza katılan kadınların %76.2’sinin kanser taramaları hakkında bilgisi olduğu ve %37.9’unun daha önce kanser taraması yaptırdığı belirlenmiştir. Kadınların kanser taramalarına yönelik tutum ölçeği ortalama puanlarının 65.19 ± 8.45 olduğu, kanser taramalarına yönelik bilgi sahibi olan ve daha önce kanser taraması yaptıran kadınların kanser taramalarına yönelik tutum ölçeği puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Çalışmamıza katılan kadınların sağlık algısı ortalama puanlarının 53.33 ± 6.50 olduğu, eğitim düzeyi, kronik hastalık ve sağlık eğitimi alma durumuna göre sağlık algısı puan ortalamalarının anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Sağlık algısı ölçeği toplam puanları, kontrol merkezi alt boyutu ve sağlığın önemi alt boyutu ile kanser taramalarına yönelik tutum ölçeği toplam puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.001).Sonuç: Bu çalışmada kanser taramalarına yönelik bilgi sahibi olma ve daha önce kanser taraması yaptırma durumunun kadınlarda kanser taramalarına yönelik tutumla ilişkili olduğu; sağlık eğitimi alma durumu, ailesinde kanser öyküsü olma, kanser taramalarına yönelik bilgi sahibi olma durumunun sağlık algısı ile ilişkili olduğu, ilköğretim düzeyindeki kadınların diğer eğitim düzeylerine göre sağlık algısı puanlarının daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Kanserin önlenebilir hastalıklar arasında olması kanser taramalarının önemi ve gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Kanser taramalarına katılım durumunu etkileyen faktörlerin araştırılması ve kadınların sağlık algı düzeylerinin ortaya koyulması taramalara katılımı artırıcı girişimlerin planlanmasında yarar sağlayacaktır.
INFLUENCE OF TAX COMPLIANCE COST ON HOSTEL OWNERS’ COMPLIANCE TO RENTAL INCOME TAX IN LAIKIPIA WEST SUB COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Gichuru Denis Brian , Wahome John N.
Published: January 2022

The Government of Kenya through the Finance Act 2015 introduced a simplified rental income tax. This is a monthly tax payable by a resident person for rental income earned from use or occupation of residential property. Upon the gazettement of the Income Tax (Residential Rental Income Tax) Regulations, 2016, the Kenya Revenue Authority embarked on an aggressive campaign to enlist landlords into the Monthly Rental Income Tax regime. However, the Economic Survey 2021 showed that the country’s revenue collecting agency KRA was not able to meet revenue targets as set by the National Treasury. Comparison of National Government Budget Estimates with Actual Out – turns for the fiscal years 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 showed that KRA missed the Budgeted Ordinary Revenue targets by Kshs.128.7 Billion and Kshs.90.1 Billion respectively. Property taxes including rental income tax are part of the ordinary revenue collected by the tax authority. The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of tax compliance cost on hostel owners’ compliance to the monthly rental income tax in Laikipia West Sub County. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires. A census of the entire population of hostels was used to collect the required data. The collected data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study established that an increase in tax compliance cost discourages compliance behavior since taxpayers tend to evade the costs either by under-declaring their monthly rental incomes or not declaring any income at all. The study recommends that KRA should scale up the tax payer education and awareness programs to ensure that more landlords are trained on how to file their own returns without having to use tax agents who make the process costly leading to non-compliance.

JEL: H25, H26

 

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DEFINING COMMUNICATION: FACTORS AND BARRIERS OF A COMPLEX CONCEPT
Authors: Matias Ana , Cardoso Luís
Published: January 2022

This article aims to analyze the history of the concept of Communication, the evolution, and the different approaches from several scientific domains that led to the understanding that we have nowadays about this complex theme. Today, communication is a key issue in modern societies, not just for the individual and the current challenges in the information society, but also when the concept is understood in more complex frameworks such as organizational communication. It is this act, derived from a personal and social need, that allows human beings to live together, to establish contacts with others: the way we relate to other individuals, the greater or lesser effectiveness of these connections, depending on much of our communication skills. After analyzing the concept, the importance of communication in today’s society is evaluated, as well as the most important objectives accordingly to several uses in contemporary contexts and barriers that can affect this process.

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THE FACTORS INFLUENCING COLLEGE STUDENTS’ ACCEPTANCE OF MOBILE PAYMENT IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Yong Cao , Tham Jacquline , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Khatibi Ali
Published: January 2022

Mobile payment refers to a payment method by which a consumer pays a bill for goods or services through a mobile terminal. mobile payment users can send payment instructions directly or indirectly to a bank financial enterprise via mobile devices or proximity sensing devices, thereby enabling currency payments and funds transfers. It realizes the integration of terminal equipment, Internet, application providers and financial institutions, and completes financial business such as currency payment. However, the adoption rates of this payment method are relatively low in Malaysia. This paper analyzes the factors that affect the willingness of Malaysian college students to use mobile payment. Three well-established theories, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), theory of Perceived Risk (PR), and Diffusion of Innovations Theory (DIT) are applied to investigate user acceptance of mobile payments. An empirical model for acceptance of mobile payment in Malaysia is established in this paper. Survey data from mobile payments users will be used to test the proposed hypothesis and the model. The result of data analysis shows that Malaysian consumers’ perceptions of cost has no statistically significant relationship with acceptance of mobile payment. On the other hand, the factor of perceived risk, personal innovativeness, performance expectancy, subjective norm and effort expectancy play important roles.

JEL: M10; M15; D12

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THE CAUSES OF INDONESIAN PEOPLE SELLING COVERED KIDNEYS FROM A CRIMINOLOGY AND ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE: ANALYSIS BASED ON RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY
Authors: Widodo W. , Utami Wiwik
Published: January 2022

Kidney transplantation has been practiced in Indonesia by hundreds of patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and has been successful. Kidney transplant activity is considered legal as long as it does not contain elements of trading. Although buying and selling kidneys is considered a crime, there were more than 100 cases of covert kidney sales in Indonesia between 2015-2021. This crime must be eradicated by the Indonesian government, and in order for an effective eradication policy to be based on a study of the causes of people selling their kidneys, using rational choice theory as a theoretical and practical criminological theory is adequate. Based on the results of a study based on rational choice theory, people sell kidneys because they are based on self-assessment, and are always oriented towards the goal of getting money easily, quickly, and a lot. Kidney sellers use 3 criteria in selling kidneys, namely (a) selling kidneys is a preference and occupies the highest hierarchy in the calculation because it is financially profitable, (b) selling kidneys is safer from all risks and can maximize utility, (c) selling kidneys can be beneficial, easy to do, satisfying, and fun.

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DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL PROFILES AND MORTALITY OF ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE POISONING CASES IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PROVINCE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Jan Sakhi , Shahzad Hamid , Naveed Hassan , Ullah Atta , Bilal Muhammad , Asad Mahnoor
Published: January 2022

Background: The prevalence of aluminium phosphide (AlP) poisoning is on the rise in Asian countries. The objectives of our study were to determine the distribution of AIP poisoning by sex, age groups & district and its presentation by blood pressure category and oxygen saturation category and its mortality in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Emergency Department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from June 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020. Fifty eight cases of AIP registered during 2019 were included. The diagnosis was made by history and clinical suspicion. All these cases were managed by standard management protocols. Sex, age groups, district, blood pressure category, oxygen saturation category and presence of mortality were variables; all being categorical were analyzed by count and percentage with 80% confidence interval.

Results: Out of 58 AlP poisoning cases, women 34 (58.62%) were more than men 24 (41.38%), with most cases 30 (51.73%) in 10-19 years age group. Most cases 17 (29.31%) were from district Swabi, followed by district Peshawar 16 (27.58%). Most cases presented in non-recordable blood pressure category 19 (32.76%). Most cases 22 (37.93%) presented in oxygen saturation category of ≥ 90%. Out of 58 cases, mortality was 72.41% (42/58), involving more women 24/58 (41.38%) than men 18/58 (31.03%), with most cases 23 (39.66%) in 10-19 years age group. Mortality was highest in non-recordable blood pressure category 19 (32.76%). Mortality was highest 19 (32.76%) in oxygen saturation category of below 90%.

Conclusion: Aluminium phosphide (AlP) poisoning is an uncommon, but a dreadful public health problem in population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. It involves women more than men, with most cases in adolescent age group, and in non-recordable blood pressure category. AlP poisoning mortality is very high 72.41% in our population, involving more women than men, with most cases in adolescent age group. Mortality is highest in non-recordable blood pressure category and in oxygen saturation category of below 90%.
ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE TREATMENT OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Hassan Taimoor , Saeed Sana , Hassan Mamoona , Naseem Sidra , Siddique Sidra
Published: January 2022

A plethora of diseases are associated with our nervous system. Neurodegenerative diseases include Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, schizophrenia and depression. Many plants are known to be beneficial against certain neurodegenerative disorders. This study provides an overview of such thirty-five plants whose part, from roots to seeds or their bio-chemicals extract are used for the treatment of multiple neurodegenerative disorders in Pakistan and beyond.
DETECTION OF DEFECTS IN FRUITS USING IMAGE PROCESSING IN MATLAB
Authors: FAREZ A.SUFIA , VANDANA A. , VARSHA G.
Published: January 2022

Human Operators have been replaced by Machines and various new technologies in the field of Fruit processing. The automation of tasks done by the human operators is highly encouraged in many industrial applications. One such important task is to detect the defects in fruits based on the damage caused to it on its peel. The defect in fruits is identified mainly based upon the damage caused to its peel, when the detection is done manually. To automate this process, Image Segmentation is one of the main techniques the system’s accuracy heavily depends on as it is the first step that identifies the flaws in the fruits. The image fed to the system is converted into a digital image to either enhance it or collect some necessary information from it using Image Processing. This segmentation of fruit images can be done using various methods that have been developed over time. A hybrid algorithm is proposed in this paper which performs the segmentation using split and merge method. The K-means algorithm splits the original image based on the Euclidean colour distance in L∗a∗b∗ space to return a segmented result. Then the image is merged after a graph representation of the picture. This is an efficient procedure that can replace the manual procedure and automate the process. The system also takes less time and produces highly accurate results in terms of human observation.
New Research on Sugarcane Production through Single Eye Bud Culture
Authors: Kumar Kuldeep
Published: January 2022

An experiment was conducted for two consecutive years at Main Sugarcane Research Station, IIMT University, Meerut, India during 2019-20 to 2020- 21 to study effect of inter and intra row spacing on growth, yield and quality of sugarcane by using single eye bud sets. It comprised total sixteen treatments of four inter row spacing viz., planting of single eye bud sets at 100 cm row spacing (R1), planting of single eye bud sets at 115 cm row spacing (R2), planting of single eye bud sets at 130 cm row spacing (R3) and planting of single eye bud sets at 155 cm row spacing (R4 ), planting of single eye bud sets at 50 cm (S1), planting of single eye bud sets at 65 cm intra row spacing (S2), planting of single eye bud sets at 80 cm intra row spacing (S3) and planting of single eye bud sets at 90 cm intra row spacing (S4) were evaluated in SPD with three replication. On the basis of pooled analysis, the growth attributes such as number of tillers at 90, 115, 185 days after planting and number of shoots at 245 days after planting and yield attributes such as millable cane height, cane girth, number of inter nodes per cane, average cane weight and number of millable canes were improved. The planting of single eye bud sets at 60 cm gave significantly superior cane yield at harvest than rest of treatments. On the basis of pooled results, it is concluded from the study that for getting higher yield of sugarcane crop can be achieved with 125 cm x 60 cm (R2S2) inter and intra row spacing, respectively through single eye bud sets under west uttarpradesh condition.
FACE RECOGNITION BY LINEAR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS
Authors: BHATTACHARYYA SUMAN KUMAR , RAHUL KUMAR
Published: January 2022

Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) has been successfully applied to face recognition which is based on a linear projection from the image space to a low dimensional space by maximizing the between class scatter and minimizing the within-class scatter. LDA allows objective evaluation of the significance of visual information in different features of the face for identifying the human face. The LDA also provides us with a small set of features that carry the most relevant information for classification purposes. LDA method overcomes the limitation of Principle Component Analysis method by applying the linear discriminant criterion. This criterion tries to maximize the ratio of determinant of the between-class scatter matrix of the projected samples to the determinant of the within-class scatter matrix of the projected samples. Linear discriminant groups the images of the same class and separate images of different classes. Here to identify an input test image, the projected test image is compared to each projected training, and the test image is identified as the closest training image. The experiments in this paper we present to use LDA for face recognition. The experiments in this paper are performed with the ORL face database. The experimental results show that the correct recognition rate of this method is higher than that of previous techniques.
«ЗАМАНАУИ ӘЛЕМДЕГІ ХИМИЯ» ЭЛЕКТИВТІ КУРСЫН ҚАШЫҚТЫҚТАН ОҚЫТУДЫҢ ОҚУ-ӘДІСТЕМЕЛІК НЕГІЗДЕРІ
Authors: А. Т. Серікбай  , А. К. Абишева  , К. Б. Бекишев
Published: January 2022

Бұл мақалада Қазақстан Республикасы жоғары оқу орындарының химиялық мамандықтарының студенттеріне ұсынылатын «Заманауи әлемдегі химия» элективті курсының оқу-әдістемелік кешенінің мазмұны мен құрылымы талқыланады. Сабақтың барлық түрлерінің мазмұны материалды игеруді жеңілдететін белгілі бір логикалық дәйектілікте орналасқан күнтізбелік жоспар бойынша курстың бағдарламасы құрастырылған. Болжамды курс бағдарламасы, күнтізбелік-тақырыптық жоспар, бір семестрдегі барлық сабақ түрлері үшін сағаттарды бөлу ұсынылады. Курстың мақсаты - Қазақстан Республикасының жоғары оқу орындарының химиялық мамандықтары студенттерін қазіргі заманның ғаламдық мәселелермен және оларды шешуде химияның рөлімен таныстыру. Нәтиженің ерекшелігі - бағдарлама ұсынылып қана қоймай, сонымен қатар кез-келген оқытушыға оны өз материалдарымен өзгертіп, толықтыра отырып, оны іс жүзінде қолдануға мүмкіндік беретін курс бойынша оқу құралы дайындалды. Осы курстың материалдарын жаратылыстану-математикалық, техникалық, медициналық және басқа профильдегі кез-келген басқа оқу орындары пайдалана алады. Ұсынылатын курстың интернет желісінде жарияланғаннан осындай курстардан келесідей айырмашылықтары бар: біріншіден, ол химия саласындағы физика, биология және география ғылымдары жетістіктерін ескеретін пәнаралық сипатта болады; екіншіден, ол тереңірек сипатқа ие, өйткені ол мектеп оқушыларына емес, Қазақстан Республикасы жоғары оқу орындарының студенттеріне арналған.
ПРОЦЕСС ЗАМЕДЛЕННОГО КОКСОВАНИЯ КАК ЭФФЕКТИВНАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ГЛУБОКОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ НЕФТИ
Authors: М. О. Туртубаева  , К. А. Больт-Чумачёва
Published: January 2022

На современном этапе нефтеперерабатывающая промышленность развивается в направлении углубления переработки нефти: увеличения производства светлых нефтепродуктов и снижения выхода остаточных топлив. Одним из самых динамично развивающихся процессов в нефтепереработке, который в полной мере позволяет решать поставленные задачи является – замедленное коксование. Популярность процесса замедленного коксования связана с тем, что наряду с получением нефтяного кокса образуется значительное количество дистиллятных продуктов пригодных для производства качественных моторных топлив.В процессе замедленного коксования реализует ряд технологий, обеспечивающих его широкое применение, а именно: высокоэффективная термодеасфальтизация нефтяных остатков; деметаллизация нефтяного сырья; возможность переработки нефтешламов и других отходов. Это позволяет считать процесс замедленного коксования самым мощным «санитаром» НПЗ [1].Статья представляет собой обзор процессов коксования, в том числе сами установки замедленного коксования, так же обозначена роль данного процесса в нефтеперерабатывающей отрасли. Описана компоновка установки, приведена технологическая схема с учётом параметров протекающих процессов, а так же мощности установки замедленного коксования (УЗК) на НПЗ Республики Казахстан, представлены и описаны виды получаемого нефтяного кокса. На примере ТОО «ПНХЗ» рассмотрена работа основных технологических блоков УЗК. Представлена подробная характеристика получаемых продуктов процесса, а так же направления их использования.