bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Komunikasi Interpersonal Ibu Tunggal dan Anak Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors: Yanuar Deni , Azman Zakirah , Retnaningsih Eni Tri
Published: December 2019

This study aims to find out the interpersonal communication between single mothers with their children with disabilities in Aceh. The research used symbolic interaction theory with a qualitative descriptive approach. The subject of this study was a single mother who has children with disabilities studying at SMALB YPPC Banda ACEH, selected using a purposive sampling technique. To collect data, the researchers deployed semi-structured interviews on three single mothers who have children with disabilities and observations of their interpersonal communication with their children. The results showed that interpersonal communication of single mothers and children with disabilities varies depending on the child's condition. Many mothers used non-verbal communication especially with deaf children and spoke slowly so that their children could easily understand. In the communication process, single mothers often faced obstacles to get feedback which sometimes caused misunderstandings. The quality of communication, in general, is good because the children demonstrated openness, empathy, support, and positive attitudes in communicating with their mothers.
Intelligent Control of Autonomous Vessels: Bayesian Estimation Instead of Statistical Learning?
Authors: Bhoyar A , Sharma S , Barve S , Kumar Rana R
Published: December 2019

Marine vessels have been recently considered for redesign with a view towards autonomous operation. This brings forth a number of safety concerns as regards malware attacks on intra-vehicle communications systems as well as on sensor based communication with their environment. Designing suitable hybrid systems or cyber physical systems as the above, which are data driven, involves a challenge by way of difficulty in abstraction. The current modeling paradigm for cyber physical systems is based upon the abstract idea of a hybrid automaton which involves discrete as well as continuous mathematical models for the physical device (marine vessel/s) Incorporating statistical inference techniques to introduce an element of autonomy in this has been recently proposed in literature. An engineering situation is explored in which a pair of marine vessels is being deployed to navigate avoiding collision with the help of deterministic control as well as with a particle filtering state estimator. A security intrusion is considered to occur in the communication channels and the robustness of the system is studied with the state estimation. Such intrusions can indeed be expected to defeat the collision protection design if sufficiently intense. However, better protection is offered by such Bayesian estimation based intelligent control as compare to statistical learning base control. Our results suggest that the hybrid automaton modeling paradigm with autonomy incorporated needs to be suitably abstracted in order to better design their defence against cyber-attacks.
Residual Stress Study for Sustainable Structural Integrity Assessment
Authors: Hossain S , Salim Miah MD , Fakhim B
Published: December 2019

Marine structures are susceptible to failure mechanism due to presence of both external and internal loads. A submarine is manufactured with several circular hull sections welded together and forming an entire hull. A hull section consists of several bowed metal sheets welded together and strengthened by T-section rings which are welded at repeated spaces. T-section rings are fabricated using numerous web and flange plates and curved correctly by plastically bending before welding. Fatigue life of a submarine hull is dependent on load produced from hull contraction due to surrounding hydrostatic pressure, as well as residual stress present without any applied load. Numerical simulation can be used to calculate stresses generated from hydrostatic pressure. However, predicting residual stresses resulting from bending and welding processes can be more involved. Moreover, the predicted stresses need to be validated by measurement. Incremental centre-hole drilling (iCHD) is broadly applied technique to measure residual stress. The iCHD technique however is limited to near surface measurement which can contribute to misleading structural integrity assessment. On the other hand an over-conservative estimate of stress due to welding process can lead to reduced life estimate. It is thus imperative to analyse residual stresses accurately and deep into metal parts in order to move away from decade old conservative estimates. This paper reviews various techniques available for analysing residual stress field and considers multiple techniques with an aim to provide an optimum solution.
iWindCr Wireless Sensor System for Corrosion Detection and Monitoring of Offshore Wind Turbine Structures
Authors: Simandjuntak S , Bausch N , Farrar A , Ahuir-Torres J , Nash A , Thomas B , Muna J , Jonsson C , Mathew D
Published: December 2019

The iWindCr system, designed and developed to comprise miniaturised corrosion sensors to form a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), has been piloted in one of the 116 offshore wind turbines located in the south region of the UK. The iWindCr system that was equipped with low power-low current sensor interface incorporating the Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Zero Resistance Ammeter (ZRA) electrochemical technique analysis and the Internet of Things (IoT) was employed to detect and/or monitor electrochemical activities in relation to corrosion on the surface of the M72 stud, part of the monopole (MP) foundation and transition piece (TP) flanged connection of the wind turbine. Through the utilisation of the corrosion threshold database that has been extensively generated also through this project for various materials and environment of wind turbine components, the state of corrosion or damage of the M72 stud can be determined. The provision of the corrosion threshold data could also allow for life prediction.
Sığır işletmelerinde birden fazla kullanılan enjektör iğnelerinde mikrobiyal kontaminasyonun belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Dilek , ERÇETİN Egemen , KARACAOVA Alper , DİNÇ Kadir
Published: December 2019

Tüm dünyada insan ve hayvanlarda en sık yapılan medikal uygulamalardan belki de en önemlisi enjeksiyondur. Enjektör iğnelerinin birden fazla kullanılması, enjektör veya iğneleri aracılığıyla deride bulunan mikroorganizmaların derin dokulara ulaşmasına, apselere ve kanla bulaşan hastalıkların yayılmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Burdur ilinde rastgele örnekleme ile 40 sığır işletmesine gidilerek, işletme sahipleri ile kullandıkları enjektör tipleri, kaç kez kullandıkları, saklama koşulları, apse görüp görmedikleri gibi soruları kapsayan bir anket yapıldı. İşletmelerde kullanılmakta olan enjektör iğnelerinin muhafaza edildiği yerler fotoğraflandı. Mikroorganizmaların izolasyonu amacıyla %7 defibrine koyun kanı ilave edilmiş kanlı agar, MacConkey agar ve Müller Hinton agara ekimler yapıldı. İşletmelerin 11(%27.5)’inde tek kullanımlık enjektörlerin bir kez, 29(%72.5)’unda en az 2 defa veya daha fazla kullanıldığı, 6 işletmede ise otomatik enjektörlerin de kullanıldığı, enjektörlerin çoğunlukla işletme içinde ve muhtelif yerlerde saklandığı belirlendi. İşletmelerin 30(%75)’unda düzenli olarak enjeksiyon yapıldığı, enjeksiyon öncesi dezenfeksiyonun yapılmadığı ve bu işletmelerin 12’sinde enjeksiyon sonrası apse görüldüğü bildirildi. İncelenen örneklerin 44’ünden apseye ve septisemiye yol açabilen mikroorganizmalar yanısıra kontaminant mikroorganizmalar izole edildi. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ile sığır işletmelerinde tek kullanımlık enjektör iğnelerinin birden fazla kullanıldığı, enjeksiyon öncesi dezenfeksiyon yapılmadığı, enjektör iğnelerinden enfeksiyonlara yol açabilecek patojen ve kontaminant mikroorganizmaların izole edilebileceği belirlendi.
Velocity Vector Imaging technology and standard echocardiography in evaluation of left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease before and after coronary bypass surgery
Authors: Vasiliev A. Yu. , Petrova E. B.
Published: December 2019

Aim. To study strain and strain rate dynamics the left ventricle (LV) myocardium fibers in patients with ischemic heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the early and late periods.

Material and methods. The dynamics of strain (S) and strain rate (SR) of longitudinal, circular and radial fibers in 148 patients (in 2646 LV segments) before and on the 12th day after CABG was studied using Velocity Vector Imaging technology. In the long-term (6, 12 and 24 months) 40 patients (720 LV segments) were examined.

Results. A positive dynamics of SR longitudinal fibers (p = 0.0002) was on the 12th day after CABG. Weak and medium correlation was between S and SR radial (R = –0.56; R = –0.52) and circular fibers with LDG-1 and duration of aortic clamping. In the long term, patients with complaints showed a decrease in global deformation properties in the coronary artery areas. The stable result of improvement S and SR longitudinal and circular fibers and SR radial fibers was obtained in segments with initially low deformation properties.

Conclusions. The use of Velocity Vector Imaging technology allows to estimate the dynamics of LV fibers deformation parameters in early and long-term periods. In the early period after CABG was a positive dynamic only from the global SR longitudinal fibers. In the long-term global deformation parameters of longitudinal and circular fibers was decrease in in the area of the coronary arteries. In the long-term was a significant improvement of the deformation parameters of segments with initially low deformation properties.
EV HİZMETLERİNDE ÇALIŞAN İŞÇİNİN İŞ İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: KÖKKILINÇ Ayşe Gül
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ev hizmetlerinde çalışanların istihdam ilke ve koşullarına ilişkin uluslararası çalışma standartları ile Türk İş Hukuku mevzuat ve uygulamalarının karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesidir. Ev hizmetlerinde çalışanlar ile işverenlerin iş ilişkisinden doğan karşılıklı hak ve borçları Ev İşçileri için Saygın İş hakkında 189 Sayılı ILO Sözleşmesi ve Türk İş Hukuku normları çerçevesinde değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuç bölümünde düşünce ve önerilere yer verilmektedir.
Advances in the management of peanut allergy (oral immunotherapy and epicutaneous immunotherapy)
Authors: Wang Julie
Published: December 2019

Background: Peanut allergy affects up to 2% of the general population and carries not only the risk of potentially life-threatening allergic reactions but also negatively impacts day to day life for patients and their families. Advances in knowledge in immunotherapy is providing
families with options for proactive treatment. Objective: To examine the available data for oral immunotherapy (OIT) and epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) for peanut allergy. Methods: This review discusses recent studies that evaluated the safety and
efficacy of OIT and EPIT to induce desensitization to peanut and identifies factors that should be considered when guiding families in treatment decisions. Results: Results of studies have demonstrated that immunotherapy can raise the threshold of peanut allergen to induce
allergic reactions for many patients, thereby potentially reducing the risk for allergic reactions and decreasing the daily burden of peanut allergy. However, adverse reactions, which range from mild to severe, are possible with immunotherapy. Shared decision-making will be important to determine
the best approach for peanut allergy management for each individual and his or her family. Conclusion: OIT and EPIT will offer patients and families more options for managing peanut allergies. Recent data from phase III studies on OIT and EPIT as well as real-world data
on OIT advance the understanding of the efficacy and safety of these approaches. On-going studies aim to identify biomarkers to enhance patient selection criteria as well as develop additional therapeutic approaches.
Lao PDR and Vietnam Border Trade and Economic Linkages: Performance and Prospects
Authors: Walsh John , Southiseng Nittana , Trung Nguyen Quang
Published: December 2019

Lao PDR and Vietnam share an extensive land border and there are a number of points at which border crossings can be made and border trade conducted. The connectivity of these crossings is to be intensified by cross-border transportation infrastructure such as the Vientiane-Bolikhamsay-Vung Anh deep seaport railroad, which would facilitate exports from landlocked Lao PDR. Such infrastructure will improve existing Vietnamese investment in its western neighbour, where more than 400 projects worth more than US$5 billion have already been licensed in activities such as hydropower, industrial tree plantation and mining. Meanwhile, Star Telecom, which is a joint venture between Viettel Global and Lao Asia Telecom, has achieved 50% market share of the mobile telecommunications market in Lao PDR and there are numerous further opportunities for investment in consumer markets as well as business-to-business markets. The Lao PDR government would certainly like to diversify its exports away from reliance on natural resource commodities but lacks resources and capacity for leadership in this area and the vital small and medium-sized enterprises sector suffers from the ‘missing middle’ phenomenon that means firms are generally unable to participate in regional value chains, including those mobilised potentially by Vietnamese partners. This paper investigates the extent of Lao-Vietnamese border trade and cross-border investment and the prospects for the future in an international environment challenged by trade wars, volatility and global climate change.
Uptake and effect of radioiodine exposure on SKBR-3 cell lines
Authors: Irramah Miftah , Kurniawati Yulia , Susilo VY , Setiyowati S , Elliyanti Aisyah
Published: December 2019

Radioiodine has been known as an adjuvant therapy for thyroid cancer. Beside for thyroid cell, radioiodine is reported to be taken up by breast cell. It may be proposed as an alternative for breast cancer therapy. Objective: The study aim was to analyze an uptake of radioiodine and cell proliferation rate of breast cancer cell after the exposure of radioiodine. Methods: This study used SKBR-3 cell line as representative of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER2+) subtype. The cells were planted in DMEM medium added 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), panstrep 1% and amphotericin B. The cells were grown until 80% confluent and then stripped. Subsequently the cells were sub-cultured on plates 12 and 6 wells respectively for measured uptake of radioiodine and cell proliferation rate after the exposure. Radioiodine uptake was calculated by sum efflux of 125 Iodine (125I) and the amount of uptake after the addition of 95% ethanol. Cell proliferation rate was measured by calculated by using clonogenic assay after iodine-131 (131I) exposure. Results: The average of iodine uptake was 194±50 cpm/106 cell. The average cell proliferation after radioiodine exposure was 54%±5%; Conclusions: Radioiodine is taken by SKBR-3 cells and it reduced cell proliferation rate. This finding shows an opportunity for radioiodine as an alternative therapy for breast cancer. Another studies are needed to understand of cell death the mechanism.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE CONTRAST STRETCHING UNTUK PENAJAMAN CITRA DIGITAL
Authors: Yudistiawan Iwan
Published: December 2019

Citra dengan kontras rendah mempunyai kualitas yang relatif kurang baik, informasinya sulit untuk diinterprestasikan secara langsung oleh mata manusia. Citra seperti ini dapat diperbaiki kualitasnya dengan Metode Contrast Stretching (Peregangan Kontras). Untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut dapat menggunakan Metode Contrast Stretching Untuk Penajaman Citra Digital. Metode ini dilakukan dengan cara operasi titik (point operations), yang akan memproses tiap piksel citra masukan secara individu, yaitu dengan membuat titik yang cenderung gelap menjadi lebih gelap dan yang cenderung terang menjadi lebih terang. Pengembangan perangkat lunak peningkatan kontras citra dilakukan menggunakan Borland Delphi 2010 Embarcadero.Pengujian dilakukan pada citra standar yang berupa citra warna (color images) dengan format file BMP dan JPG. Berdasarkan pengujian pada beberapa sampel citra uji menunjukkan bahwa perangkat lunak yang dirancang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kontras suatu citra.�Kata Kunci������ : Contrast Stretching, Point Operation, Citra Digital, Peningkatan Kontras, Borland Delphi
What is the post-truth? Elements for a critique of the concept
Authors: Borges Júnior Eli
Published: December 2019

This paper provides a brief critical examination of the term “post-truth” to determine to what extent it may or may not be considered useful for comprehending the notion of public opinion in contemporaneity. We are extremely interested in this reflection due to the heightened use of this term over the last years, especially in reference to the propagation of fake news. To accomplish this, we set out to divide our work into two key parts: the first part questions whether “post-truth” is an accurate term for that which it describes; the second question, pertaining specifically to the massive increase in communications technologies and social networks, poses a challenge: Is there any particular present-day phenomenon that is reshaping the idea of truth?O presente artigo pretende submeter o termo “pós-verdade” a um breve exame crítico, procurando problematizar em que medida a sua apropriação pode ou não se apresentar como um dispositivo útil na leitura de uma noção contemporânea de opinião pública. O que nos impele a essa reflexão é o acentuado uso que o termo tem recebido nos últimos tempos, sobretudo em referência ao advento do fenômeno da propagação das chamadas fake news. Para realizá-la, dividimos nosso percurso em duas questões fundamentais: a primeira delas indaga em que medida o termo “pós-verdade” faz sentido para aquilo que em geral se deseja dizer com ele; já a segunda questão, especificamente em um contexto de hipertrofia das tecnologias de comunicação e de suas redes sociais, interpela-nos: há algum fenômeno particular de nossa época que esteja, ao fim e ao cabo, ressignificando a própria ideia de verdade?El presente artículo pretende someter el término “posverdad” a un breve exámen crítico, buscando problematizar en qué medida su apropiación puede o no presentarse como un dispositivo útil en la lectura de una noción contemporánea de opinión pública. Lo que nos impulsa a esa reflexión es el acentuado uso que el término ha recibido en los últimos años, sobre todo en referencia al advenimiento del fenómeno de propagación de noticias falsas. Para realizarla, dividimos nuestro recorrido en dos cuestiones fundamentales: la primera de ellas indaga en qué medida el término “posverdad” tiene sentido para lo que en general se desea decir con él; y, la segunda cuestión, específicamente en un contexto de hipertrofia de las tecnologías de comunicación y de sus redes sociales, nos plantea: ¿hay algún fenómeno particular de nuestra época que esté, al final, resignificando la propia idea de verdad?
Verification initiatives in the scenario of misinformation. Actants for integrated plans with multi-level strategies
Authors: López-García Xosé , Vizoso Ángel , Pérez-Seijo Sara
Published: December 2019

The spread of misinformation has become standard practice in today’s communicative scene. Both individual users and organizations disseminate false content for economic or political benefits. The response against these strategies has been to develop initiatives to both verify false information as well as prevent it from being spread. This article presents actions adopted by different actors to stop the spread of fake news. These actors are European institutions, national governments, the media, and major technology companies. Thus, this paper takes a comprehensive look at how misinformation is addressed in the European Union by studying reports and legislative texts and reviewing the growth of fact-checking initiatives.A disseminação da desinformação se tornou uma prática muito comum no atual cenário comunicativo. Utilizadores individuais e organizações disseminam conteúdo falso para obter benefício econômico ou político. A resposta contra essas estratégias tem sido o desenvolvimento de iniciativas cujo objetivo é tanto a verificação de informações falsas quanto a prevenção da sua disseminação. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar as ações tomadas por diferentes atores com a capacidade de impedir a disseminação de notícias falsas: instituições europeias e governos nacionais, os media e as principais empresas tecnológicas. Assim, através do estudo de relatórios e textos legislativos ou a revisão do crescimento das iniciativas de fact-checking, os autores desenharão uma panorâmica sobre como a desinformação é abordada na União Europeia.La propagación de desinformación se ha convertido en una práctica muy frecuente en el escenario comunicativo actual. Usuarios individuales y organizaciones hacen uso de la difusión de contenidos falsos para obtener rendimiento económico o político. La reacción frente a este tipo de estrategias no se ha hecho esperar de forma pareciendo iniciativas dirigidas tanto a la verificación de las informaciones falsas como a evitar su publicación. El objetivo del presente artículo es dar cuenta de las acciones adoptadas por los diferentes actores con capacidad para frenar la difusión de fake news: las instituciones europeas y los gobiernos nacionales, el periodismo y las principales empresas tecnológicas. A partir del estudio de diferentes informes y textos legislativos, así como de las herramientas diseñadas por las empresas tecnológicas o la revisión del crecimiento de iniciativas de fact-checking se dibuja una panorámica general de cómo se intenta combatir la desinformación en el marco de la Unión Europea.
TRABALHO DESCARTÁVEL: AS MUDANÇAS NAS FORMAS DE CONTRATAÇÃO INTRODUZIDAS PELAS REFORMAS TRABALHISTAS NO MUNDO
Authors: Filgueiras Vitor Araújo , Pedreira Sara Costa
Published: December 2019

Este artigo analisa a reforma trabalhista brasileira no que concerne às alterações legislativas sobre as formas de contratação, tendo como eixo de comparação sete experiências internacionais. O objetivo principal é discutir o processo de ataque ao contrato típico, seja por meio da sua piora, ou pela introdução de novas modalidades de contratação. A reforma trabalhista brasileira foi sancionada com a promessa de dinamizar a economia, diminuindo o desemprego e aumentando a formalização, retórica similar à verificada nos outros países pesquisados. Todavia, os indicadores demonstram inexpressiva mudança na desocupação e na quantidade de empregos formais. Em contrapartida, percebe-se uma precarização dos postos de trabalho, com trocas de empregos formais por informais, e piora dos contratos em relação ao direito do trabalho. As reformas trabalhistas, enquanto um fenômeno social, podem ter ajudado a legitimar uma mudança que já se apresentava na prática, e, portanto, tem servido para fornecer respaldo jurídico aos empresários.

 
Cephalometric norms for Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents with Class I malocclusion
Authors: Vithanaarachchi Nishanthi , Nawarathna L. S.
Published: December 2019

Context:

Comprehensive cephalometric analysis plays a significant role in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planing and variety of cephalometric standards have been developed for different populations. It is important to develop standard cephalometric norms for different populations.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to develop cephalometric standards for Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents with Class I malocclusion and to test the hypothesis that there are racial differences in cephalometric measurements between Sri Lankan and Caucasian norms.

Setting and Design:

Cross sectional , hospital based, descriptive study.

Materials and Methods:

Lateral cephalograms were obtained from 33 males (aged 15.7 ± 1.99 years) and 42 females (aged 15.6 ± 2.29 years). Inclusion criteria were healthy individuals with normal growth and development, straight facial profile, average vertical facial proportions, full complement of dentition (excluding third molars), normal overjet and overbite, Class I incisor, canine and molar relationship, and no crossbite in the anterior/posterior region. Eight angular and four linear measurements were analyzed in skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue assessment.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software R 3.5.0.

Results:

In the dentoalveolar assessment, the Sri Lankan subjects had a significantly proclined upper (UI to N-A = 23.28) and lower incisor (LI to N-B = 6.56 mm and 28.3) inclinations compared with the Caucasian norms. In the assessment of soft-tissue profile, both upper (1.66 ± 2.7mm) and lower lip (2.8 ± 2.6mm) protrusions were slightly increased than the norms of the Steiner analysis, and these findings were clinically significant. There were no apparent differences in relation to anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relationship when compared with Caucasian norms.

Conclusions:

The results of the present study suggested that Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents with Class I occlusion are likely to present greater incisor proclination than Caucasians.

Key Messages:

The present study suggested that Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents are likely to present greater incisor proclination than Caucasians in Class 1 malocclusion.
Evaluation of the degree of fusion of midpalatal suture at various stages of cervical vertebrae maturation
Authors: Narula Khyati , Shetty Siddarth , Shenoy Nandita , Srikant N.
Published: December 2019

Introduction:

Rapid palatal expansion was initially done during circumpubertal age. However, the correct evidence suggests visualizing the patency of midpalatal suture (MPS) radiologically at different chronological age as there can be early or late fusion of suture in some cases.

Objective:

This study was aimed at assessing the fusion of MPS at different stages of cervical vertebrae maturation and to find any correlation between them from the patients of two South Indian districts.

Design and Setting:

A total of 144 subjects aged 10–20 years were included in our study.

Materials and Methods:

Skeletal age based on cervical vertebrae was assessed from lateral cephalograms. MPS staging was done by two observers using cone-beam computed tomography at 2-time intervals. Inter- and intra- examiner reliability for suture staging was analyzed by kappa statistics. Correlation of skeletal age to sutural maturation was done using Kendall’s tau-b test.

Results:

A fair agreement was obtained by kappa test for inter (0.313) and intraexaminer reliability (0.219 for first and 0.451 for the second observer) for 144 subjects. Kendall’s tau-b test showed a significant correlation between skeletal age and suture maturation, with the maximum association between CS 4 skeletal age and Stage C of MPS, with P < 0.001.

Conclusion:

A strong correlation was found between skeletal age and sutural fusion. Predominantly, Stage C coincided with CS 4 with greater gender predilection toward females.
TAX SUPPORT FOR PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION
Authors: Rukina S. N. , Gerasimova K. A. , Takmazyan A. S. , Samoylova K. N.
Published: December 2019

The successful implementation of the national project “Education” is associated not only with the effective use of budget funds, but also with attraction of private investment in the education system. The article substantiates the relevance of this issue for the Russian regions, due to the preferential financing of current spending on education from the consolidated budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation, various provision of educational institutions, demographic processes. The analysis of the current tax legislation, statistical indicators has allowed propose measures to enhance the stimulating role of individual elements of corporate income tax and personal income tax, which will contribute to the growth of investments of organizations and individuals in education
Geometric and Energetic Data from Quantum Chemical Calculations of Halobenzenes and Xylenes
Authors: Datta Sopanant , Limpanuparb Taweetham
Published: December 2019

This article presents theoretical data on geometric and energetic features of halobenzenes and xylenes. Data were obtained from ab initio geometry optimization and frequency calculations at HF, B3LYP, MP2 and CCSD levels of theory on 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. In total, 1504 structures of halobenzenes, three structures of xylenes and one structure of benzene were generated and processed by custom-made codes in Mathematica. The quantum chemical calculation was completed in Q-Chem software package. Geometric and energetic data of the compounds are presented in this paper as supplementary tables. Raw output files as well as codes and scripts associated with production and extraction of data are also provided.
Photochemically-Mediated Nickel-Catalyzed Synthesis of N-(Hetero)aryl Sulfamides
Authors: Simons R. Thomas , Scott Georgia , Gant Kanegusuku Anastasia , Roizen Jennifer
Published: December 2019

A general method for the N-arylation of sulfamides with aryl bromides is described. The protocol leverates a dual-catalytic system of nickel and a photoexcitable iridium complex and proceeds at room temperature under visible light irradiation. Using these tactics, aryl boronic esters and aryl chlorides can be carried through the reaction untouched. Thereby, this method complements known Buchwald-Hartwig coupling methods for N-arylation of sulfamides.
Sunlight-Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water Using Metal-Doped Strontium Titanate Perovskite
Authors: Sharma Pushkal , Lee Cheng-Ting , Wu Jeffrey Chi-Sheng
Published: December 2019

The effects of various metal dopants on the photocatalytic water splitting activity of SrTiO3 -based photocatalysts were investigated using experimental studies. The SrTiO3:Rh (1%) has been found to give the best efficiency in water splitting out of the various metal-doped samples studied. However, the same host doped with other metal dopants such as Fe, V, Ga, and Sb leads to negligible hydrogen evolution even when at least Fe has a better visible light response. Our results accompanied by previously conducted theoretical studies by our group explain the high photocatalytic water splitting activity of Rh doped SrTiO3 . Furthermore, the effects of the amount of catalyst, the proportion of sacrificial agent and pH were studied for the SrTiO3:Rh (1 mol%) along with studying its activity with seawater.
Taurine is Covalently Incorporated into Alpha Tubulin
Authors: Olson Matthew T , Yergey Alfred L , Mukherjee Kamalika , Pergande melissa , Bane susan , Cologna Stephanie , Sackett Dan
Published: December 2019

We use various methods of high resolution mass spectrometry to demonstrate that taurine is covalently attached to the carboxyl terminus of alpha Tubulin from avian erythrocytes. The alpha Tubulin terminal residue, a tyrosine, must already be removed before covalent addition of taurine, via a known cycle of de-tyrosination and re-tyrosination. Taurination appears to stop this cycle. Taurine is the most abundant free amino acid in the body but this is the first time that it has been shown to be covalently incorporated into any protein.
Crystallographic Descriptions of Regular 2-Periodic Weavings of Threads, Loops and Nets
Authors: O'Keeffe Michael , Treacy Michael
Published: December 2019

We present piecewise linear descriptions of weavings of threads, loops, and 2-periodic nets. We provide crystallographic data for regular structures, defined as those with one kind (symmetry-related) of vertex (corner) and edge (stick). These include infinite families of biaxial thread weaves, interwoven square lattices (sql), honeycomb (hcb) nets and tetragonal and hexagonal polycatenanes.
A Molecular Mechanism for Azeotrope Formation in Ethanol/benzene Binary Mixtures Through Gibbs Ensemble Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Li Dongyang , Gao Ziqi , Vasudevan Naveen Kumar , Li Hong , Gao Xin , Li Xingang , Xi Li
Published: December 2019

Azeotropes have been studied for decades due to the challenges they impose on separation processes but fundamental understanding at the molecular level remains limited. Although molecular simulation has demonstrated its capability of predicting mixture vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) behaviors, including azeotropes, its potential for mechanistic investigation has not been fully exploited. In this study, we use the united atom transferable potentials for phase equilibria (TraPPE-UA) force-field to model the ethanol/benzene mixture, which displays a positive azeotrope. Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (GEMC) simulation is performed to predict the VLE phase diagram, including an azeotrope point. The results accurately agree with experimental measurements. We argue that the molecular mechanism of azeotrope formation cannot be fully understood by studying the mixture liquid-state stability at the azeotrope point alone. Rather, azeotrope occurrence is only a reflection of the changing relative volatility between the two components over a much wider composition range. A thermodynamic criterion is thus proposed based on the comparison of partial excess Gibbs energy between the components. In the ethanol/benzene system, molecular energetics shows that with increasing ethanol mole fraction, its volatility initially decreases but later plateaus, while benzene volatility is initially nearly constant and only starts to decrease when its mole fraction is low. Analysis of the mixture liquid structure, including a detailed investigation of ethanol hydrogen-bonding configurations at different composition levels, reveals the underlying molecular mechanism for the changing volatilities responsible for the azeotrope.
Excited-State Electronic Structure of Molecules Using Many-Body Green's Functions: Quasiparticles and Electron-Hole Excitations with VOTCA-XTP
Authors: Tirimbò Gianluca , Sundaram Vivek , Çaylak Onur , Scharpach Wouter , Sijen Javier , Junghans Christoph , Brown Joshua , Zapata Ruiz Felipe , Renaud Nicolas , Wehner Jens , Baumeier Björn
Published: December 2019

We present the open-source VOTCA-XTP software for the calculation of the excited-state electronic structure of molecules using many-body Green’s functions theory in the GW approximation with the Bethe–Salpeter Equation (BSE). This work provides a summary of the underlying theory and discusses details of its implementation based on Gaussian orbitals, including, i.a., resolution-of-identity techniques, different approaches to the frequency integration of the self-energy or acceleration by offloading compute-intensive matrix operations using GPUs in a hybrid OpenMP/Cuda scheme. A distinctive feature of VOTCA-XTP is the capability to couple the calculation of electronic excitations to a classical polarizable environment on atomistic level in a coupled quantum- and molecular-mechanics (QM/MM) scheme, where a complex morphology can be imported from Molecular Dynamics simulations. The capabilities and limitations of the GW -BSE implementation are illustrated with two examples. First, we study the dependence of optically active electron-hole excitations in a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based oligomers on molecular-architecture modifications and the number of repeat units. Second, we use the GW -BSE/MM setup to investigate the effect of polarization on localized and intermolecular charge-transfer excited states in morphologies of low-donor content rubrene-fullerene mixtures. These showcases demonstrate that our implementation currently allows to treat systems with up to 2500 basis functions on regular shared-memory workstations, providing accurate descriptions of quasiparticle and coupled electron-hole excited states of various character on an equal footing.
GENDER BIAS AS REFLECTED ON UPIN & IPIN THE SERIES
Authors: Hidayat Herry Nur , Wasana Wasana
Published: December 2019

Abstrak: Artikel ini memaparkan hasil penelitian terhadap serial animasi Upin & Ipin yang memperlihatkan bias gender dalam beberapa episodenya. Sebagai salah satu bentuk media yang kemudian menjadi media pembelajaran seharusnya bisa berposisi netral dalam hal gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Objek material diamati secara berulang untuk memperoleh indikator yang menunjukkan bias gender yang kemudian dianalisis dalam kerangka sosiologi dan perspektif feminisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan muatan bias gender dalam Upin & Ipin terdapat dalam tokoh dan penokohan serta pembentukan latar. Dalam tokoh dan penokohan serial animasi ini, melalui dialog dan lakuannya, terdapat kecenderungan “kepemilikkan” warna dan benda tertentu. Dalam hal ini, warna merah muda dianggap sebagai warna “milik” perempuan. Di samping itu, terdapat pula kecenderungan sifat dan perilaku perempuan dan laki-laki. Perempuan harus memiliki sifat lembut dan rapi sementara laki-laki harus keras dan berani. Dalam latar cerita, muatan bias gender muncul sebagai bentuk wilayah dominasi perempuan dan laki-laki. Perempuan dibatasi dalam wilayah domestik rumah tangga sementara laki-laki berada di wilayah luar (publik). Abstract: This paper reports the results of studying gender bias as reflected on Upin & Ipin the series. It shows that there is an imbalance gender position within several episodes of Upin & Ipin. As one of the media forms that later on becoming an instructional media, it should posit its position neutrally in the term of gender issues. This study employed qualitative research methods in which the objects were observed repeatedly to construct indicators that reflected gender bias. Then it was followed by analyzing them within sociological and feminist perspectives. The content of the gender bias in Upin & Ipin was reflected within characters and settings. It was reflected as the characters articulate their dialogues and behave in their daily life. There was a tendency to determine the ownership of boys and girls based on colors and things. In this case, pink was regarded as belong to girls. In addition, there was a tendency to describe that girls and boys behave differently. For example, girls should be gentle and neat and boys should be strong and brave. In the term of setting, gender bias was reflected in the domination of areas that boys dominate outdoor public area while girls are in the domestic area (households).
KUASA BAHASA DALAM WACANA PERKULIAHAN
Authors: Sultan NFN , Akmaluddin NFN
Published: December 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur bahasa, aspek-aspek situasi tutur, dan dimensi sosial yang terjadi dalam kuasa wacana perkuliahan di FSEI IAIN Pontianak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode simak dengan teknik rekam. Metode simak digunakan atas dasar bahwa wacana baik tulisan maupun lisan adalah bentuk praktik sosial yang menyebabkan hubungan dialketis di antara peristiwa diskursif tertentu dengan situasi, institusi, dan struktur sosial yang membentuknya. Adapun analisis data dilakukan dengan metode padan ekstralingual dengan menghubungbandingkan hal-hal di luar bahasa yang terjadi pada wacana perkuliahan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) Struktur bahasa yang membangun wacana perkuliahan di FSEI IAIN Pontianak adalah makro struktur, super struktur, dan mikro struktur; (2) Aspek-aspek situasi tutur kuasa bahasa dalam wacana perkuliahan di FSEI IAIN Pontianak dibangun oleh aspek penutur, lawan tutur, konteks tuturan, tujuan tuturan, tindak tutur, dan wacana perkuliahan sebagai produk tindak verbal; dan (3) Dimensi sosial yang terjadi dalam kuasa wacana interaksi dalam perkuliahan di FSEI IAIN Pontianak ditemukan sejumlah praktik sosial yaitu: praktik pemunculan otoritas dosen baik sebagai pengatur disiplin maupun sebagai pemberi materi, dominasi dosen di dalam perkuliahan, ketidakkonsistenan dosen dalam praktik prilakunya di depan perkuliahan.
SUMBANGAN BAHASA INDONESIA TERHADAP PEMEKARAN KOSAKATA BAHASA BUGIS: KASUS PENGGUNAAN BAHASA BUGIS PADA MEDIA SOSIAL FACEBOOK (The Contribution of Indonesian Language on Buginese Vocabulary Development: A Case Study of the Use of Buginese on Facebook Social Media)
Authors: Darwis Muhammad , Kamsinah Kamsinah
Published: December 2019

AbstrakThe aim of this research is: (1) to identify the forms and categories of Indonesian words that are absorbed into Buginese sentences and (2) to reveal the reasons for the use of Indonesian elements into Buginese sentences by Facebookers in the social media. Data on this qualitative research obtained from social media ‘Facebook’. The data source of this research is the Facebookers who are members of the MABBASA UUGIE KU PESBU’ group, November 2013 to April 2014 edition. Data analyzed are Buginese sentences consisting of three to five examples of Buginese sentences containing Indonesian elements in the form of words, phrases or clauses taken purposively. Furthermore, the analysis was carried out with grounded research strategies. The results of this research indicate that (1) Buginese language can survive as a means of communication within Buginese ethnic groups when writing on the social media ‘Facebook’, due to they have obtained vocabulary contributions from Indonesian in the form of the basic word, affixation word, and phrase. In word categorization, the loan words consist of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and conjunctions. Then, (2) the use of the Indonesian language elements has four main reasons, namely (a) filling in the blanks, (b) adding equivalence variations, (c) clarifying the meaning, and (d) interference. Reasons (a) to (c) can take the form of code-mixing and code-switching. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan: (1) mengidentifikasi bentuk dan kategori kata bahasa Indonesia (bI) yang  terserap ke dalam kalimat-kalimat bahasa Bugis (bB) dan (2) mengungkap alasan-alasan penggunaan unsur-unsur bI tersebut ke dalam kalimat bB oleh para Facebooker di media sosial. Data penelitian kualitatif ini diperoleh dari media sosial Facebook. Sumber data penelitian ini ialah para Facebooker yang menjadi anggota grup MABBASA UUGIE KU PESBU’ edisi bulan November 2013 s.d. bulan April 2014. Data yang dianalisis ialah kalimat-kalimat ber-bB yang terdiri atas tiga sampai lima contoh kalimat ber-bB yang berisi unsur-unsur bI, yang berupa kata, frasa, atau klausa, yang diambil secara purposif. Selanjutnya, analisis dilakukan dengan upaya grounded research. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) bB dapat bertahan hidup sebagai sarana perhubungan intern suku Bugis dalam komunikasi tulisan sosial Facebook karena memperoleh sumbangan kosakata bI yang berbentuk kata dasar, kata berimbuhan, dan frasa atau ungkapan. Dari segi kategorisasi kata, unsur-unsur serapan tersebut terdiri atas kata benda, kata kerja, kata sifat, dan kata sambung. Kemudian, (2) penggunaan unsur-unsur bI tersebut memiliki empat alasan utama, yaitu (a) mengisi kekosongan, (b) menambah variasi kesepadanan, (c) memperjelas pemaknaan, dan (d) interferensi. Alasan (a) sampai dengan (c) dapat mengambil bentuk campur kode dan alih kode.
The Overhang of Structures before and since the Great Recession
Authors: Jacobson Margaret , Occhino Filippo
Published: December 2019

Investment in structures is still 29 percent below its pre-recession peak. Using a new indicator of the level of structures that would be warranted by economic conditions, we find evidence that the level of investment was too high in the first half of the 2000s. This overinvestment created an overhang of structures which has held down the growth of investment in structures during the recovery.
Which Poor Neighborhoods Experienced Income Growth in Recent Decades?
Authors: Aliprantis Dionissi , fee Kyle , Oliver Nelson
Published: December 2019

Why has average income grown in some poor neighborhoods over the past 30 years and not in others? We explore that question and find that low-income neighborhoods that experienced large improvements in income over the past three decades tended to be located in large, densely populated metro areas that grew in income and population. Residential sorting—changes in population and demographics within neighborhoods—could help to explain this relationship.
Cooperation, Conflict, and the Emergence of a Modern Federal Reserve
Authors: Humpage Owen F.
Published: December 2019

The Federal Reserve System is a model of an independent central bank, with the authority to resist political pressure and act in the long-term best economic interest of the country. But this has not always been the case. In the past—and not too distant past at that—US monetary policy has frequently yielded to other governmental requirements. Even for the modern Federal Reserve, independence is a nuanced, mutable and, ultimately, fragile concept, but one that is essential to maintain.. This Economic Commentary is a short version of: “Independence within—not of—Government: The Emergence of the Federal Reserve as a Modern Central Bank,” Owen F. Humpage, 2014. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, working paper no. 14-02. That paper contains a complete set of references and figures.
Why Do Economists Still Disagree over Government Spending Multipliers?
Authors: Carroll Daniel R.
Published: December 2019

Public debate about the effects of government spending heated up after record-large stimulus packages were enacted to address the fallout of the financial crisis. Almost as noticeable as the discord was the absence of consensus among prominent economists on the issue. While it seems a simple problem to estimate the effect of government spending on output—the size of the government multiplier—it is anything but.
The Slowdown in Residential Investment and Future Prospects
Authors: Knotek Edward S. , Zaman Saeed
Published: December 2019

Using a statistical model, we find that three factors explain most of the decline in residential investment at the end of 2013 and the beginning of 2014: the increase in mortgage rates since early 2013, the unusually cold winter, and a modest tightening of lending standards in the residential mortgage market. Future prospects for residential investment depend heavily on mortgage rates. A return to normal weather and easing lending standards would boost activity, but even moderate increases in mortgage rates through the end of next year could restrain residential investment going forward.
Rising Interest Rate Risk at U.S. Banks
Authors: Bednar WIlliam , Elamin Mahmoud
Published: December 2019

Average interest rate risk in the banking system has been increasing since the end of the financial crisis and is almost back to its pre-recession level. But the increase has not occurred uniformly at large and small banks. At big banks, risk, while increasing, hasn't yet reached its pre-recession high. It's in small banks where we see a steep rise in interest rate risk. The big banks' exposure is being driven mainly by their liabilities. At small banks, it is coming from both their assets and liabilities.
Paper Money and Inflation in Colonial America
Authors: Humpage Owen F.
Published: December 2019

Inflation is often thought to be the result of excessive money creation—too many dollars chasing too few goods. While in principle this is true, in practice there can be a lot of leeway, so long as trust in the monetary authority's ability to keep things under control remains high. The American colonists' experience with paper money illustrates how and why this is so and offers lessons for the modern day.
Zero Growth and Long-Run Inequality
Authors: Carroll Daniel R. , Young Eric R.
Published: December 2019

Using a basic model to study both wealth and income inequality and their relations to long-run economic growth may lead to questionable conclusions. We consider a more complex model that includes realistic variation in the levels of income and wealth across households in addition to a new ingredient, luck in each household's labor productivity. Using this model, we determine that existing estimates of the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor are generally far away from the region where inequality would explode if long-run growth were zero.