bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
X. An Essay towards a Discovery of the great Ikineld-Street of the Romans
Authors: Willis Richard
Published: July 2016

Whatever ground there may be for supposing the city of Winchester to have been built near 1000 years before Christ, there seems to be no doubt of its having been a Roman station, and probably one of their cities; a pavement of brick, and coins of Constantine the Great, and others, were discovered in digging the foundations of the palace, which was begun by Charies II. It is said to have had formerly six gates, four principal of which still subsist. The Britons called it Caer-Gwent, or the White City, from its chalky situation, and it is agreed to be the Roman Venta Belgarum of Ptolemy and Antoninus.
XII. Mr. Willis's Account of the Battles between Edmund Ironside and Canute
Authors: Willis Richard
Published: July 2016

Mr. Willis, in endeavouring to ascertain the place where some battles were fought between Edmund Ironside and Canute, which are mentioned by our old historians in such a manner as to have left the spot doubtful to Mr. Camden and others, observes, that Dr. Stukeley, in his letter to lord Pembroke, speaking of Figbury-ring, near Salisbury, says, “To the east is Clarendon, which your lordship first observed “from old writings ought to be called Clorendun, from the fa-“mous camp half a mile off the park near the Roman road; “this was made or repaired by Constantius Chlorus, father of “Constantine the Great: this camp therefore properly written “is Chloridunum, being a beautiful fortification of a round form, “on a dry chalky hill.”
XIV. Account of the discoveries in digging a Sewer in Lombard-street and Birchin-lane, 1786. In a Letter to Mr. Gough, and communicated by him
Authors: Jackson John
Published: July 2016

You have expressed a wish that I should give you as exact an account as I am able of the discoveries which have lately been made by the workmen who were employed in digging a new sewer in Lombard-street and Birchin-lane. In matters of this sort minute exactness as to situation can be of little importance, but the modern custom of numbering the houses will enable me to point out the places of most of the ruins with tolerable accuracy. Some small progress had been made in the work before I heard of it. About the latter end of October I was informed by a friend that many fragments of old pavement were dug up, and on enquiring I found that not only pavements, but walls, some coins, and numberless fragments of earthen ware of various forms and sorts were daily discovered which bore the most undoubted evidence of their antiquity and their Roman origin. I shall endeavour to give you first an account of the discoveries of the pavements and walls, in order to the understanding which you will recollect that Lombard-street runs nearly from the Mansion-house at the West to Gracechurch-street at the East end, and consequently that Birchin-lane runs nearly from Lombard-street South to Cornhill North.
XVIII*. Some observations on the Invention of Cards and their Introduction into England. By Mr. Gough
Authors: Gough Roger
Published: July 2016

Dr. Stukeley exhibited to the Society of Antiquaries, Nov. 9, 1763, drawings of a compleat pack of cards copied from the pasteboard cover of an old book made up of several layers of cards. These were purchased at the sale of the Doctor's coins, May 15, 1766, by the late Mr. Tutet, a worthy and learned member of this Society, who bound them up in his neat and careful manner in two volumes, inserting in the first leaf of the first volume the following account of them.
XX. A circumstantial Detail of the Battle of Lincoln, A. D. 1217, I Henry III. By the Rev. Samuel Pegge. In a Letter to the Rev. William Norris, Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries
Authors: Pegge Samuel
Published: July 2016

It is impossible that morsels or particular portions of history should be related in general histories so gratify the curiosity of the readers of a national history, of France or England suppose, and I may add of foreigners, who will be satisfied with knowing the event of a battle, and the consequences of it; but a native of the place of action, well acquainted with the scene, someway connected with it, or perhaps at this day residing upon it, expects, and is even desirous of being informed of all the circumstances, though perhaps but small and insignificant in themselves, relative to the transaction, so far as at this distance of time they can be recovered.
XXI. Some Account of the Brimham Rocks in Yorkshire. In a Letter to the Rev. Mr. Norris, Secretary. By Hayman Rooke, Esq.
Authors: Rooke Hayman
Published: July 2016

The success I met with in discovering the Druidical monuments in Derbyshire (which I had the honour to lay before the Society), induced me to make an excursion into Yorkshire, to examine some curious groups of rocks, seven miles from Ripley, on the road to Pateley Bridge, called Brimham rocks. They are indeed a most wonderful assemblage, scattered about the moor in groupes, which all together occupy a space of above forty acres. The extraordinary position of these rocks in a variety of directions must have been occasioned by some violent convulsion of nature; but at the same time it is evident, that art has not been wanting to make their situations still more wonderful.
XXIV. An Account of the Caves of Cannara, Ambola, and Elephanta, in the East Indies ; in a Letter from Hector Macneil, Esq. then at Bombay, to a Friend in England, dated 1783. Communicated by the Rev. Mr. Gregory, F.A.S.
Authors: Macneil Hector
Published: July 2016

The caves of Salset and Elephanta have of late attracted the notice of the virtuosi at this place, and are now the general topic of conversation.
XXIX. Some Account of an antient Painting on Glass. By the Rev. Robert Masters, B. D. F. S. A. Rector of Landbeach, Cambridgeshire
Authors: Masters Robert
Published: July 2016

As the notice and preservation of such antiquities as relate to the royal families of this kingdom is one of the objects of this Society, I take the liberty of exhibiting to it a curiosity which has lately fallen into my hands, together with some observations I have made thereon, and such others as have been communicated to me by our worthy member Mr. Brooke, Somerset herald.
XXXIII. Account of some Roman Pottery, found at Sandy, in Bedfordshire, and at Lincoln, together with a Roman Speculum. By Governor Pownall. In a Letter addressed to the Rev. Dr. Lort, V. P.
Authors: Pownall T.
Published: July 2016

This letter brings to your hands and accompanies some curious specimens of Roman antiquities found at Sandy in Bedfordshire, and at Lincoln; such as, I believe, are quite novel and nondescript as to England.
III. Historical Notes concerning the Power of the Chancellor's Court at Cambridge. By the Rev. Robert Richardson, D.D. F.A.S. late Rector of St. Anne's, Soho
Authors: Richardson Robert
Published: July 2016

A late determination of the Court of Kings's Bench in favour of a person who appealed to that court from a sentence of the vice-chancellor of Cambridge, induced our late worthy member the Rev. Dr. Richardson, to inquire into the origin and extent of the power of the vice-chancellor in that university: and the historical notes, which accompany this letter, were the result of that inquiry. He had just finished these notes, when he was attacked by a disease which ended fatally. They are now presented to the Society of Antiquaries, in pursuance of the author's desire, which he signified to me a few days before his death.
V. Illustration of an unpublished Seal of Richard Duke of Gloucester. By the Rev. Dr. Milles, Dean of Exeter, P.S.A.
Authors: Milles
Published: July 2016

I have the honour of exhibiting to the Society an impression of the official seal of Richard duke of Gloucester (afterwards king Richard the Third); as lord admiral of England and earl of Dorset and Somerset. The original seal is in brass, and in the most perfect preservation. It was the property of Mr. Joseph Hankey, attorney at St. Column in Cornwall, who purchased it in a lot of old brass and iron amongst the household goods of one Mr. Jackson, an innkeeper of that town. How Mr. Jackson came possessed of it does not appear. He was a native of Cumberland, from which he removed first to Holdsworthy, after to Crediton in Devonshire, and afterwards to St. Columb in Cornwall, where he died. He seemed not to have put any value upon the seal, nor to have ever mentioned it to any of his family.
VII. Letter from the Rev. Dr. Sharp, Archdeacon of Northumberland, to Mr. Cade
Authors: Sharp
Published: July 2016

As far as I can judge of a subject I am so little acquainted with, I entirely approve what you have written to Dr. Kaye. You have set me right in a mistake I have all along been under; viz. that it is the Fosse and not Watling Street, that runs through Ebchester, Corbridge, Risingham, &c. This road divides into two branches on the other side of Corbridge, the easternmost of which leads through Rial, Capheaton, through my wood at Hartburn, then along Thornton Moor, and crosses the Coquet, I believe, near Brinkburn, and at last the Tweed into Scotland.
XVIII. Description of a second Roman Pig of Lead found in Derbyshire; now in the possession of Mr. Adam Wolley of Matlock in that County, with Remarks. By Samuel Pegge. In a Letter to Robert Banks Hodgkinson, Esq.
Authors: Pegge Samuel
Published: July 2016

I beg leave to address you in regard to another mass of Roman lead lately discovered in Derbyshire. Your attachment to this subject expressed to me in one of your late letters gives me great confidence to hope you will not think me troblesome in engaging your attention once more as briefly as I can.
XIX. A further account of some Druidical Remains in Derbyshire. By Hayman Rooke, Esq.
Authors: Rooke Hayman
Published: July 2016

On Hathersage Moor in the high Peak, not far from the road that goes from Sheffield to Manchester, is a British work, called Cair's work. See the plan Pl. XIII. fig. I. It is about two hundred yards in length, and sixty-one in width. It takes in an hill precipitous all round, except at the north end, where there is a wall of a very singular construction. It is near three feet thick, and consists of three rows of very large stones. On the top are other large stones, set obliquely end ways, a view of which is in the same plate fig. I. at b. The inside is filled up with earth and stones, which form the vallum, and slope inwards twenty-five feet. The height of the wall to the top of the sloping stones (as abovementioned) is nine feet four inches. The principal entrance seems to have been at the east end of the wall; a lesser one is on the west side; both marked (c) in the plan. The area of this work is full of rocks and large stones; several of these are rocking stones, three of which are engraved in Plate XIII. fig 2. (a) thirteen feet in length, (b) eight feet, (c) nine feet fix inches; and others have rock basons.
XX. Remarks on the preceding Article. By Mr. Bray. In a Letter to the Secretary
Authors: Bray
Published: July 2016

I am very glad to find that the ingenious major Rooke has furnished the Society with drawings of that curious remain of very early fortification, the Caers-work (or, as the name was given me, the Carle's-work) near Hathersage in Derbyshire. It was first noticed in print (I believe) in the tour into that country which I ventured to lay before the public this year, but is much better illustrated by the major. If it will not be improper to offer the Society two drawings in addition to those which Mr. Rooke has sent, I will beg you to present them.
XXVII. Description of an ancient Castle at Rouen in Normandy, called Le Château du Vieux Palais, built by Henry V. King of England. By Edmund Turner, jun. Esq. Acad. Reg. Rouen Soc. In a Letter addressed to Edward King, Esq. President of the Society of Antiquaries
Authors: Turner Edmund
Published: July 2016

Having, in a tour which I made in Normandy in the summer of 1783, had an opportunity of viewing the remains of the ancient castle of Rouen, called Le Château du Vieux Palais, and of obtaining a drawing of it as it now stands, together with a ground plan, I beg leave to present them to you, and at the same time take the liberty of adding a few remarks by way of illustration; submitting to your judgement whether they deserve the attention of the learned Society, over which you preside.
XXXVIII. Observations on a Seal of Thomas, Suffragan Bishop of Philadelphia. By the Reverend Mr. Pegge. In a Letter to Gustavus Brander, Esq.
Authors: Pegge
Published: July 2016

The matrix of this oval seal was in the possession of the late Mrs. Mary Burnell of Winkburne, in the county of Nottingham, and is now the property of my kinsman Peter Pegge, Esq. lord of that manor. It is an episcopal seal, and the drawing by Hayman Rooke, Esq. with which I here present you, exhibits a bishop standing in a tabernacle with a heart in his right hand, and a cross of this form in his left. The coat underneath the figure is, a fesse charged with three pellets between three tons, and the inscription runs, s. DÕINI. TOME. EPISC. PHILADELPHIENCIS.
XLIII. Observations on the Language of the People commonly called Gypsies. In a Letter to Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. P.R.S. From Mr. Marsden, F.S.A.
Authors: Marsden
Published: July 2016

It has long been surmised that the vagrant tribes of people called in this country Gypsies, and on parts of the continent of Europe, Cingari, Zingari, and Chingali, were of Eastern origin. The former name has been supposed a corruption of Egyptian, and some learned persons have judged it not improbable that their language might be traced to the Coptic.
II. Copy of a Letter from Queen Elizabeth to King James the Sixth of Scotland, in the possession of Mrs. Barker. Communicated by the Rev. S. Weston, B.D. F.R.S. and S.A.
Authors: Weston S.
Published: July 2016

The care of your estate, with feare of your neglect, so afflicts my mind, as I may not overslip the sending you a noble man to sarve you, for a memoriall of my readines, and desiar of your Spede. The sledik dame who whan she is turned leaves no after step to witnes her arrival save repentance, that beareth to sower a recorde of her short abode, may make you so far awake that you have never cause throuwe long discourtesy to loose the bettar knowledge of hidenst tressor.
X. Account of the Lottery of 1567, being the first upon Record, in a Letter from William Bray, Esq. Treasurer, addressed to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Bray William
Published: July 2016

Amongst many curious papers at Mr. Molyneux's ancient seat at Loseley in Surrey, some of which I have, with his permission, laid before the Society, is one which perhaps at this time is unique, and as such not altogether unworthy of notice, though it is only a Scheme for a Lottery; it is, however, of so early a date as 1567, and is the first Lottery of which I have found mention, though such there may have been earlier. If you think it worth laying before the Society you will please to do so.
XI. Observations on an Historical Fact supposed to be established by the Bayeux Tapestry. By Thomas Amyot, Esq. F.S.A. in a Letter addressed to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Amyot Thomas
Published: July 2016

In an interesting paper which has been recently published by the Society, entitled “Observations on the Bayeux Tapestry,” that very curious monument of antiquity is said to contain “an Apologetical History of the Claims of William to the Crown of England, and of the breach of faith and fall of Harold.” The historical fact which the tapestry is supposed to establish, namely, that of Harold's mission to Normandy by the Confessor to offer the succession to William, is so important if true, and is at the same time involved in so much doubt and obscurity, that I shall perhaps be pardoned if I venture to offer a brief notice and examination of the original authorities which have a reference to the subject. I should not indeed have presumed to solicit the attention of the Society to this discussion, if the Tapestry itself had not been rendered highly interesting to us by the striking and elegant delineations of it which now adorn our walls.
XVII. Observations on the Body-Armour anciently worn in England. By Samuel Rush Meyrick, LL.D. in a Letter addressed to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Meyrick Samuel Rush
Published: July 2016

As I think the subject has not received that attention which the interest it occasions merits, I am induced to trouble you with some remarks on the various species of body-armour worn in England from the time of the Conquest to that of Henry VI. It is however very difficult to affix a precise date to each variety, because the new invention, not being generally adopted, did not altogether exclude the old; and such was the extent of military caprice, that ancient fashions, modified but in a trifling degree, were frequently revived.
XX. Observations on a Fragment of a very ancient Greek Manuscript on Papyrus, together with some Sepulchral Inscriptions from Nubia, lately received by the Earl of Mountnorris; in a Letter from Thomas Young, M.D. F.R.S. addressed to Taylor Combe, Esq. F.R.S. Director
Authors: Young Thomas
Published: July 2016

I. The fragment of papyrus contains eight parallel and equidistant lines of the original manuscript, with five interlineations in a different hand, apparently unconnected with them, and consisting chiefly of numbers, with some abbreviated words. It is a sort of genealogy, perhaps the beginning of a deed; the characters are much like those of the manuscript deciphered by Schow, but more distinct; and there is every reason to think them at least as ancient: so that if Schow was right in considering the Borgian manuscript as of the second century, we must refer this fragment to the same period. It was sent over from Egypt by Mr. Salt, together with a variety of other remains of antiquity, many of them extremely interesting, but without any account of the exact place in which it was found. In modern characters it must stand nearly thus:
XXI. An Account of a Chain of Ancient Fortresses, extending through the South Western part of Gloucestershire. By Tho. John Lloyd Baker, Esq. F.S.A. Communicated by William Bray, Esq. Treasurer
Authors: Baker Tho. John Lloyd
Published: July 2016

Along the southern part of the vale of the Severn, beginning at the Somersetshire Avon, and extending upwards of forty miles in a north easterly direction, may be traced a chain of Ancient Fortresses, so situated as to be capable of communicating with each other by signal: but before a description of them is attempted, it will be satisfactory to give a slight one of the surrounding country, and also an extract from Taylor's Map of Gloucestershire, loosely taken on a reduced scale, [PI. XI.] in which is inserted the names of a few large and well known towns, in order to give the bearings, and also those of several other places of less notoriety, but which will afford entertainment to those who are fond of antiquities of various sorts.
XXIII. Account of the Remains of a Roman Villa discovered in the Parish of Great Witcombe, in the County of Gloucester. By Samuel Lysons, Esq. V.P. F.R.S.
Authors: Lysons Samuel
Published: July 2016

In the month of February 1818, some labourers rooting up an old ash-tree in a field called Sarendells, in the parish of Great Witcombe, in the county of Gloucester, discovered a large hewn stone about six feet in length; on the removal of which, it appeared to have rested upon two other large upright stones. Sir William Hicks, Bart. of Witcombe Park, the proprietor of the ground, immediately gave directions that the earth should be removed, in order to pursue the discovery, when it was ascertained that each of the two upright stones was six feet two inches in height; and that they formed a door-way leading into a room 19 feet 7½ inches by 13 feet 7 inches, (No. 1 in the annexed plan, Pl. XIV.) the walls of which remained in a very perfect state, to the height of from five feet four inches to six feet. When first opened they were covered with a coat of stucco two inches thick, painted in pannels of different colours. The greater part of this soon fell off in consequence of the continual rains which immediately followed the discovery.
XXXIII. An Inquiry concerning the Kings of the East Angles, from the Murder of Ethelbert in 792, to the Accession of Edmund the Martyr in 855. By Thomas Amyot, Esq. F.S.A. in a Letter addressed to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Amyot Thomas
Published: July 2016

Our learned Director, Mr. Combe, in his “Account of some Saxon Pennies found at Dorking,” has communicated to the Society his belief that the coins which have been hitherto attributed to Aethelheard king of the West Saxons, belong in reality to some unknown king, named Aethelweard, who reigned over the East Angles. This opinion, which has since been quoted by our late member, Mr. Ruding, in the second edition of his valuable “Annals of the Coinage of Britain;” certainly derives much weight from the close resemblance of the coins in question to those of Edmund the Martyr, the last of the East Anglian Princes. The resemblance indeed is so exact, as to extend (as Mr. Combe observes,) even to the formation of the letters, and the names of the moneyers. It would therefore warrant a conjecture that Aethelweard, if not the immediate predecessor of Edmund, was not long anterior to him. The history of the East Anglian branch of the Heptarchy, is in fact very imperfectly related by our earlier chroniclers, particularly during about sixty-three years which preceded the reign of Edmund; that is, from 792 to 855; and as no light has been thrown on that period of its annals by our later historians, I have ventured to think, that, with reference to Mr. Combe's observations, it might not be wholly unacceptable to the Society, to be furnished with the result of a collation which I have made of the few original authorities of that age which are now remaining to us.
XXXV. An Account of an unprinted English Poem, written in the early part of the fourteenth Century, by Richard de Hampole, and entitled “Stimulus Conscientiæ,” or “The Prick of Conscience:” Joseph Brooks Yates, Esq. Communicated to the Society by Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Yates Joseph Brooks
Published: July 2016

Of all the important changes produced by the Norman conquest upon the people of England, perhaps none is more remarkable than that which took place with respect to their language. The dialect which at that time prevailed was the Danish Saxon, of which several specimens in verse and prose have been preserved in our manuscript libraries. There is indeed evidence to shew, that even previously to the descent of William, there was among the English considerable affectation of the Norman customs and language; and this circumstance may have facilitated the designs of the invader. Be this however as it may, one of the first efforts of his policy, was to obliterate as much as possible the language of the country. The court became of course wholly French, and so continued for more than two succeeding centuries. A great part of the ancient metrical romances existing in that language, were composed, not for the court of Paris, but for that of London, during this period: and the exploits of the British Princes, Arthur and “Richarde Cœur de Lion,” were sung originally in the verses of French minstrelsy. The laws were ordered to be administered in the same tongue, which was even introduced into schools, to the exclusion of the native language. A barbarous and irregular dialect was in consequence formed, which, as might be expected, does not present a single example of elegant composition either in verse or prose. During this remarkable period, the English language found in Scotland that protection which was denied to it in the southern division of Britain.
XXXVII. Observations on the Use of the Mysterious Figure, called Vesica Piscis, in the Architecture of the Middle Ages, and in Gothic Architecture; by T. Kerrich, M.A. F.S.A. Principal Librarian to the University of Cambridge
Authors: Kerrich T.
Published: July 2016

In my observations on Gothic Architecture, published in the Sixteenth Volume of the Archaeologia, I ventured to express my belief that the rules and principles of it might be recovered by a patient examination of the numerous buildings in that style still remaining. And I also remarked, that the Mysterious Figure, which seems to have been called Vesica Piscis, had a great influence upon the forms of all sorts of things, which were intended for sacred uses; after the establishment of Christianity.
II. On the Term Lavant. By the Honourable Daines Barrington. In a Letter to the Rev. Dr. Milles, President of the Society of Antiquaries, London
Authors: Barrington Daines
Published: July 2016

Camden takes notice that the city of Chichester “is washed on every side but the North by the little river Lavant [a]” to which Philemon Holland adds “the course of which stream is very unaccountable, being sometimes quite dry, but at other times (and that often in the midst of summer) so full as to run with some violence.”
XIV. Account of the Discoveries at Pompeii, communicated by Sir William Hamilton
Authors: Hamilton William
Published: July 2016

A Colonade, round a square court, not yet cleared from the rubbish of pumice stones, and ashes, B. B. by which the city was overwhelmed. The columns are of coarse stone, coated with plaister or stucco, and coloured. On many of the columns, the soldiers have idly scratched their names, some in Greek, and some in Latin.
XXI. Observations on the Apamean Medal. By the Hon. Danies Barrington
Authors: Barrington Daines
Published: July 2016

I have lately perused with much attention what the very learned and ingenious Mr. Bryant hath insisted upon, with regard to an Apamean medaglion, the reverse of which is supposed to represent some circumstances of the Noachic deluge.
IV. A Description of an unpublished Gold Coin of King Charles I. in a Letter addressed to the Rev. John Brand, one of the Secretaries to the Society of Antiquaries. By the Rev. Mark Noble, F.A.S.
Authors: Noble Mark
Published: July 2016

Permit me through your hands to lay before the Society of Antiquaries a drawing of a gold coin of king Charles I. with some account of it, because I flatter myself it is a very curious and select piece of money, and which, I believe, no writer has ever noticed.
XIII. Copy of a Manuscript in the British Museum, (Harl MSS. 6844, fol. 49) entitled, “An Expedient or Meanes in Want of Money to Pay the Sea and Land Forces, or as many of them as shall be thought expedient without Money in this Year of an almost Universal Povertie of the English Nation.” By Fabian Philipps. Communicated by the Rev. Samuel Ayscough, F.A.S.
Authors: Ayscough Samuel
Published: July 2016

Queen Elizabeth, in her great want of money in the wars of Ireland to pay the army, did, by the advice of as prudent a council as any prince in christendom ever had, cause some brass money to be coyned and made current for her present occasions, upon her royal promise to give those which should receive it good money of gold or silver, some years after which king James, her successor, did justly cause to be performed. [MS. of an account given by Robert Cecill, earl of Salisbury, lord treasurer of England to the parliament in the raigne of king James.]
XIV. Explanation of a Seal of Netley Abbey, in a Letter from the Rev. John Brand, Secretary. Addressed to the President
Authors: Brand John
Published: July 2016

The matrix of an antient seal, the property of Mr. George Spence, of Old Bond Street, which your Lordship did me the honour to put into my hands for the purpose of exhibiting to the Society of Antiquaries, being unaccompanied with any explanation, I have therefore ventured to give one, which I submit with great deference to the correction of your Lordship and the Society.
XVII. Copy of an Original Letter from Queen Elizabeth to the Earl of Warwick. Exhibited to the Society of Antiquaries by Peter Renouard, Esq. F.A.S. in whose Family this curious Paper has long remained
Authors: Renouard Peter
Published: July 2016

Queen Elizabeth, in the year 1563, appointed Ambrose Dudley, earl of Warwick, (to whom this letter is addressed) “her lieutenant and captain-general of her subjects that should in any wife pass over into Normandy.” And in the month of October he landed at Newhaven (Havre de Grace) with a body of three thousand English troops. He employed every means for putting it in a posture of defence, and was successful in several skirmislies with the enemy near the town, but was not able to retain the possession of it longer than the 28th of July following, when it was delivered up to the French, to whom it became a much eafier acquisition than was expected, in consequenee of the plague which broke out among the English soldiers, and which was afterwards brought by them to England. See Holinshed's Chron. Vol. III. p. 1195 to 1204, edit. 1587. Hume's Hist. Vol. V. p. 79, 8vo.
XXVIII. Enquiries concerning the Tomb of King Alfred, at Hyde Abbey, near Winchester. By Henry Howard, Esq. In a Letter to George Nayler, Esq. York Herald, F.A.S.
Authors: Howard Henry
Published: July 2016

The high veneration I feel for the character and principles of our renowned Alfred, led me, whilst we were quartered in Winchester last year, to make the discovery of his tomb an object of research.

History informs us, that Alfred and his queen Alfwitha were buried in the church of Newanminster, which he founded and began, and which after his death was finished by Edward the elder, who was also interred near his father.
XXIX. Copy of a curious Record of Pardon in the Tower of London. Communicated by Thomas Astle, Esq. F.R.S. and F.A.S. In a Letter to the Rev. John Brand, Secretary
Authors: Astle Thomas
Published: July 2016

Herewith I send you a transcript of a record in the Tower, which contains a pardon for Cecilia Rigeway, who was indicted, at the assizes at Nottingham in 1357, for the murder of her husband, and because she would not plead, sentence was passed upon her, and she was remanded back to prison, where she remained, as the record states, for forty days without sustenance.
XXX. Copy of an Original Manuscript, entitled, “A Breviate touching the Order and Governmente of a Nobleman's House, &c.” Communicated by the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B.P.R.S and F.S.A.
Authors: Banks Joseph
Published: July 2016

First, the stewarde of houshould is to make all forraine provisions whatsoever, and to see them brought into the house and then to acquainte the comptroller therewith, as his chardge.

Hee is further to see what demeanes of his lordes is most meete to bee taken into his hanndes so well for meddowe, pasture, as earable, and those to bee imployed to his lordes best proffitte.
IV. A Letter from the Rev. John Bowle, F.A.S. on the Canonization of St. Osmund, with some Observations concerning the Episcopus Puerorum, addressed to the Bishop of Salisbury
Authors: Bowle John
Published: July 2016

I have for some time past formed to myself an opinion that among the several prelates in the see of Salisbury, no one from the foundation of the church was more active and vigilant than your noble predecessor Richard Beauchamp who was translated thither in August 1450. An early undertaking of his was the canonization of St. Osmund.
VI. An Account of the ancient Lordship of Galloway, from the earliest period to the Year 1455, when it was annexed to the Crown of Scotland. By Robert Riddell of Glenriddell, Esq.
Authors: Riddell Robert
Published: July 2016

Galloway in the early period of the Scottish monarchy consisted of that tract of country which now comprehends the shire and stewarty of Galloway, Nithsdale, Carrick, and the western part of Airshire, with part of Lanerickshire. This extensive tract, appears to have been totally independent, both of the Scottish and Pictish kingdoms, and was governed by Reguli, or Princes. Bede informs us that in the year 412, St. Ninian was sent to the South Picts, and to Whithorn in Galloway, and he calls Candida Casa, or Whithorn in Galloway, one of the four Northumbrian bishopricks.
XII. A Letter from the Hon. Daines Barrington to the Rev. Dr. Lort, on the Origin of the Arms belonging to the two Honourable Societies of the Inner and Middle Temple; the Pegasus and the Holy Lamb.
Authors: Barrington Daines
Published: July 2016

The question which you lately put to me with regard to the two societies of the Inner and Middle Temple having assumed so very different coats of arms, as the Pagan Pegasus, and the Holy Lamb, will occasion my troubling you with a rather long investigation of this matter, as well as some few observations on the origin and abolition of the Knights Templars.
XIII. Account of a Roman Building and Camp lately discovered at Buxton, in the County of Derby. In a Letter from Major Rooke to the Bishop of Carlisle, V.P.
Authors: Rooke
Published: July 2016

I take the liberty of sending your lordship a short account of a little Roman building, the foundation of which I discovered last September at Buxton ; with a plan and description of a Roman Camp.
XV. Observations in Vindication of the Authenticity of the Parian Chronicle. By Richard Gough, Esq. Director
Authors: Gough Richard
Published: July 2016

The ingenious author of an 8vo volume just published, under the title of “the Parian Chronicle,” has with much learning and diligence suggested his doubts, concerning the authenticity of that monument which the University of Oxford places at the head of her Collection of Marbles, having shewn it that respect ever since by the liberality of one of the noble family of Howard she became possest of that valuable Collection ; the first which this country could boast for near a century, till the munificence and taste of a private individual formed one equal to it in the capital.
XVIII. Observations on the Roman Road and Camps in the neighbourhood of Mansfield Woodhouse in the county of Nottingham. By Hayman Rooke, Esq. F.S.A. with an introductory Letter to the Secretary from Sir George Yonge, Bart, Secretary at War, F.A.S.
Authors: Yonge George , Rooke Hayman
Published: July 2016

I transmit to you, at the request of my respectable and ingenious friend, Major Rooke, of Woodhouse, a small treatise, which he has drawn up on some Roman Roads, Tumuli, Stations, and Camps, which he has lately traced in the neighbourhood of Mansfield, and which have not hitherto been noticed. I cannot comply with his request that it might be transmitted to the Society, without explaining some particulars which gave rise to this treatise. When I first saw the account, which he sent to the Society, of a Roman Villa which he had discovered near Mansfield, I communicated to him some few sentiments of mine, on which I grounded an opinion, though I was quite unacquainted with the country, that this Villa was probably the residence of some military Roman commander, and that there was probably some Roman camp or station, or some military Roman road running near it. This did not by any means appear by his answer to be the case. And yet it still seemed to me improbable that it should be otherwise.
XIX. Description of some Druidical Remains on Harborough Rocks, &c. in Derbyshire. In a Letter from Major Rooke to the Rev. Mr. Norris, Secretary
Authors: Rooke H.
Published: July 2016

Being last summer on a visit to my worthy friend Mr. Gell of Hopton, in Derbyshire, whose seat is in the parish of Worksworth, he was so obliging as to shew me some curious remains of British antiquities. I shall beg leave to trouble you with the description of these and some others of the like nature, and, if thought worthy of being communicated to the Society, must beg you will do me the honor to lay it before them.
XXII. Observations on certain Stamps or Seals used antiently by the Oculists. By Richard Gough, Director
Authors: Gough Richard
Published: July 2016

Among the lesser articles of antiquity there is none which has given so much occasion for conjecture to the learned as the Inscriptions on the four sides of certain small square stones, which seem to have been used by the practitioners of physic, or the compounders of drugs.
XXVII. Observations on the persons called Waldenses, who were formerly Tenants of the Manor of Darenth, in the County of Kent, By the Rev. Samuel Denne, F.A.S. in a letter to the Rev. Mr. Brand, Secretary
Authors: Denne Samuel
Published: July 2016

In the Custumale Roffense lately published by Mr, Thorpe, under the title, Jurati de Derente; de consuetudinibus et redditibus, p. 5, col. 2. are mentioned the rents due and services to be performed by a class of tenants styled Waldenses; and in this paper, which I will trouble you to communicate to our Society, it is my purpose to hazard a conjecture who might be the persons here meant. A few months ago, when I cursorily hinted the subject to you, it seemed to be your opinion, if I did not misapprehend it, that they might have been natives of the Weald of Kent or of Wales; but I must own, their having acquired this name from either incident appears to me to be not a little questionable.
XXVIII. An account of some Roman Antiquities discovered at Comb end farm, near Cirencester, Gloucestershire, by Samuel Lysons, Esq. F.A.S.
Authors: Lysons Samuel
Published: July 2016

In the year 1779 some labourers digging for stone in a field called Stockwoods, at Comb end-farm, belonging to Samuel Bowyer, Esq. in the parish of Colesbourn In Gloucestershire, discovered the remains of a very considerable building at a small depth below the surface of the earth, which on a further investigation appeared clearly, from the remains of tessellated pavements which were found in several places, to have been a Roman house. The floor of one room was preserved quite entire, the walls remaining in many places near three feet in heighth. Its dimensions were fifty-fix feet in length and fourteen in breadth (see pl. XX. fig. 1.) The entrance to it was by a stone-step on the sound side. Immediately above this pavement were found many of the slates with which the roof had been covered: they were of a rhomboidal form, and several of them had the nails with which they had been fastened remaining in them.
XXIX. Memoir concerning the Roman Baths discovered, in the year 1788, at Wroxeter, the ancient Uriconium or Viroconiûm. In a letter from the Rev. Mr. Leighton of Shrewsbury to Mr. Gough, Director
Authors: Leighton
Published: July 2016

A severe and tedious fit of inflammatory rheumatism has hitherto prevented my acknowledgment of your last favour, and the completion of my promise respecting the communication of the discoveries of Roman antiquities made lately at Wroxeter. This communication I hope will not have been made too late for your design of presenting them to the Society of Antiquaries, before it shall rise for the ensuing season.
XXX. Remarks on the title of Thane and Abthane. By Robert Riddel, of Glen Riddel, Esq. In a letter to Mr. Gough
Authors: Riddel Robert
Published: July 2016

Agreeable to my promise I send you some remarks on the title of Thane in Scotland, and the authority that was annexed, to that most antient and honourable office by our Kings and the Estates, in the earlier ages of the Scottish monarchy. A Thane (which signifies a servant) held under the king a jurisdiction over a district called a Thanedom, and afterwards a Sheriffdom or County. His office was to give judgement in all civil and criminal cases within his Thanedom. Upon perusing the claims of hereditary jurisdiction in Scotland, when they were annexed to the crown in 1748, I find that in the year 1405 a receipt was granted by Robert duke of Albany, regent of Scotland, for infesting Donald, thane of Calder, in his thanedom, as heir at law to Andrew, thane of Calder, his father, to whom he had previously been served heir, and returned in the heritable offices of Shireef (or Thane) of Nairn, and Constable of the castle of Nairn. He was accordingly seased of his lands and thanedom ; and the seasine is produced as a voucher in the year 1748, to prove the fact.
VI. Remarks on the ancient mode of putting on Armour. By Samuel Rush Meyrick, LL.D. F.S.A. In a Letter addressed to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Meyrick Samuel Rush
Published: July 2016

I consider the interesting communication of my friend Mr. Douce, published by the Society of Antiquaries, in the xviith volume of the “Archaeologia,” p. 290, so very instructive, that I am induced to trouble you with this Letter. My object is to shew what application of it may be made, so as to bring us more intimately acquainted with the manners of our ancestors; and if you think I have succeeded, you will probably favour me by reading it to the Society.
X. Observations upon ancient Charity Boxes: by John Adey Repton, Esq. F.S.A. In a Letter addressed to Nicholas Carlisle, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Repton John Adey
Published: July 2016

Will you allow me to communicate to the Society of Antiquaries the inclosed Papers relating to Charity Boxes? The accompanying drawings are taken from three different churches in Norfolk, and are curious for their contrivances in preventing the money deposited therein from being stolen. They were generally secured by two keys, most probably kept by the two Churchwardens, and although many were “honest men and true,” a few may have had some inclination to finger “the gode red golde;” as in the following quotation from one of the plays of Ben Jonson:

“1 Gyp. On Sundays you rob the poor's-box with your tabor;

The Collectors would do it, you save them a labour.

Pup. Faith, but a little they 'll do it non upstant.”a
XI. On the use of the Pax in the Roman Catholic Church: by the Rev. John Milner, D.D. F.S.A. In a Letter to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Milner John
Published: July 2016

I herewith send for your inspection, and that of our learned brethren of the Society of Antiquaries, should you judge it worthy of that honour, an ecclesiastical instrument of ancient use in the Roman Catholic Church, though now hardly known to the members of it, called a Pax.
XIII. Account of an Ancient Vessel recently found under the old Bed of the river Rother, in Kent: In a Letter from William McPherson Rice, Esq. F.S.A. late of the College of Naval Architecture at Portsmouth, addressed to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Rice William McPherson
Published: July 2016

The late discovery of a Vessel under the ancient bed of the river Rother having given rise to various conjectures and contradictory statements, respecting her age and former service, and the subject being of some interest in naval architecture, I was directed by Sir Byam Martin, at the request of Lord Melville, to repair to the place where she was found, and to obtain a true account of her build and situation; in order, if possible, to ascertain the country she belonged to, and the period of her submersion. My Report has been subsequently transmitted to the Admiralty; and, at the suggestion of Mr. Barrow, I have taken the liberty of addressing to you a Letter, containing the substance of that Report; and should the subject be compatible with the regulations as to Papers usually read at the Society of Antiquaries, it will afford me much satisfaction if you will do me the favour to introduce it at the ensuing meeting.
XIV. Description of the Remains of Henry of Worcester, Abbot of Evesham, found in the Ruins of the Abbey Church of Evesham, September 10, 1822. In a Letter addressed to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary, from Edward Rudge, Esq. F.R.S. A.S. and L.S.
Authors: Rudge Edward
Published: July 2016

During the summer months of the last ten years, I have been engaged in excavating the site, and tracing the walls and dimensions of the Abbey Church of Evesham, which was destroyed at the Dissolution of the Monasteries by King Henry VIIIth. no traces of which were visible above the surface of the ground. A regular Ground Plan and Survey of the Buildings is made, which, when completed, will be laid before the Society.
IV. Two English Poems of the time of Richard II. Communicated by the Rev. J. J. Conybeare, M. A. Professor of Poetry in the University of Oxford, in a Letter to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Conybeare J.J.
Published: July 2016

The two short Poems annexed, independently of the superiority they possess over most of the minstrel productions of their age, appear to present so lively a picture of the popular feeling towards the commencement of the weak and disastrous government of Richard the Second, that I am persuaded they will not be altogether unacceptable to the admirers of our ancient literature.
XI. Copy of a Paper in the Hand-Writing of King Edward the Sixth, entitled, “A Summary of Matters to be concluded.” Communicated by Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary, in a Letter to Samuel Lysons, Esq. F.R.S. V.P.
Authors: Ellis Henry
Published: July 2016

From the same volume whence I transcribed a Letter of Cardinal Wolsey, among the Lansdowne Manuscripts in the British Museum, I transmit you the copy of a Paper in the hand-writing of King Edward the Sixth, dated in the endorsement 1552, and entitled, “A Summary of Matters to be concluded.”
XII. Copy of a Letter from Archbishop Cranmer to Mastyr Hawkyns, relating to the Queens Catharine of Arragon and Anne Boleyn. Communicated by Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary, in a Letter to Samuel Lysons, Esq. V.P. F.R.S.
Authors: Ellis Henry
Published: July 2016

Among the Harleian Manuscripts in the British Museum is one, marked 6148, which appears to have been once archbishop Cranmer's rough Copy-Book of Letters.
XIII. Some Observations on a Monumental Inscription in the Parish Church of Landulph, Cornwall. By the Rev. Fr. Vyvyan Jago, F.S.A. Rector of Landulph
Authors: Jago Vyvyan
Published: July 2016

When we reflect on the political changes that have recently taken place in Europe, by the total obliteration of some states, and the dismemberment or new organization of others, the mind sickens at the view of the authors of these changes, usurping the thrones of her ancient sovereigns on no better claim than the right of conquest; and we cannot but draw a mournful parallel between these and the events of darker ages, and imagine those days returned when Rome fel under the barbarous yoke of Alaric, and the usurping crescent of Mohammed the Second glimmered upon the throne and empire of Constantine the Great.
XVII. Observations upon some Sepulchral Monuments in Italy and France. By T. Kerrich, M.A. F.S.A. Principal Librarian to the University of Cambridge
Authors: Kerrich T.
Published: July 2016

Several writers have endeavoured to trace the arts in Italy as far back as possible, and they have given us voluminous histories of their artists; but travellers in general attended little to what was produced there, either in painting or sculpture, till the time of Raphael and Michael Angelo, and the succeeding ages, whilst they flourished in their greatest vigour. The ancient pictures were considered as barbarous rude things, whose only merit was their antiquity, and the sculptures were entirely overlooked.
XVIII. Copy of an Entry on the Clause Roll 31 Hen. VI. relating to the Bell-Savage Inn. Communicated by Samuel Lysons, Esq. V.P. F.R.S. in a Letter to Nicholas Carlisle, Esq. Secretary
Authors: Lysons Samuel
Published: July 2016

The enclosed copy of a Deed, enrolled on the Clause roll of the 31st year of K. Henry VI., will, I flatter myself, be in some degree interesting to the Society of Antiquaries, as it serves to ascertain the true description of one of the oldest Inns in London the Bell-Savage on Ludgate Hill, in the parish of St. Bride Fleet Street; which has for more than a century, from the time its name was noticed by Addison in the Spectator, occasioned a great variety of conjectures. It appears from this record, that they have all been unfounded, as the Inn took the adjunct to its name, from the circumstance of its having belonged to, or been kept by a person of the name of Savage. The Sign appears to-have been a bell hung within a hoop. Many instances of the same kind occur in the ancient descriptions of inns. In the Clause Roll, 43d of Edward III. we find the George on the Hoop; in the 26th of Hen. VI. the Hart on the Hoop; in the 30th of the same king, the Swan and the Cock and Hen on the Hoop; with many others.