bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Waste Management Knowledge and Performance of Health Personnel in the COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Kheirkhah Vakilabad Ali Asghar , Movahed Ehsan , Seyedi Fatemeh , Tahergorabi Mahsa , Mahmoodi Mohamad , Seirfar Zahra
Published: November 2022

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the waste management knowledge and performance of health personnel in the COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 470 of personnel in hospitals, health centers, and affiliated subordinate units of Jiroft University of Medical Sciences were selected utilizing the available sampling method from June to December 2020. The researcher-made questionnaire was developed utilizing available articles and books in the field of waste. The results were analyzed by SPSS software version 24 and independent t-test and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Results:

According to the results of study, the status of information, production, and collection of waste in employees were desirable, but separation, transportation, and recycling were not appropriate. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in information (p = 0.000), production (p = 0.000), collection (p = 0.000) and general waste management (p = 0.001) among health centers. Also it was a significant relationship between residence (p = 0.006), education (p = 0.029), and location of work (p = 0.001) with waste management. Samples living in the village had a higher average score than city residents. The location of work also showed that the employees of the Health homes had a higher waste management score than other health centers.

Conclusion:

According to the low performance of employees working in cities and hospitals in the field of waste separation, transportation and recycling, it is recommended that continuous training of employees electronically and virtually (preparing a short video on how to sort and recycle waste, inviting a recycling management specialist for training, role-playing). Also it is importance to improve performance and motivation and the existence of practical rules, instructions and adequate monitoring.
The Level of Knowledge and Preparedness of Dental Professionals for COVID-19 among Public and Private Dental Sectors in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alharbi Maha , Al Joaib Reema , Bassam Bashayer AL , Qahtani Abdulaziz A , Alsineedi Fasial , Jebakumar Arulanantham Zechariah
Published: November 2022

Background:

COVID-19 has become a serious public health issue throughout the world’s healthcare system due to its rapid spread. Because COVID-19 is so contagious, workers must be properly trained to prevent the virus from spreading to them. Protective clothing, sanitised gloves, and respirators are just a few examples of the safety precautions that need to be taken. Dental institutions and their affiliated health centres and research stations have been severely impacted by the coronavirus outbreak. According to the World Health Organisation (2020), the risk of fast infection is higher among individuals who are close to or who operate near the COVID-19 patients, for instance, family members or health practitioners. This research was conducted to determine the level of knowledge, preparedness, and perception of COVID-19 among dentists in the private and public dental sectors.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted that used a non-probability sampling method. The data were collected through online questionnaires between February 2021 and June 2021, where standardized close-ended questions were asked via Google forms from dentists in public and private dental sectors in five regions of Saudi Arabia. A total of 145 people responded to the questionnaire; three of them decided not to participate in the study, while 30 respondents failed to select the correct answer to the quality assurance question. The remaining 112 respondents were included in the analysis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences (IRB-2021-DOH-021).

Results:

The findings showed that most dentists (58%) had high knowledge of COVID-19, which was followed closely by those who had average knowledge (34.8%), while the rest (7.1%) had insufficient knowledge about COVID-19. In terms of evaluating the level of preparedness, which included the method of prevention and practice of dentists while dealing with COVID19, results showed that most of the respondents (42.9%) indicated that they have the highest preparedness level. Concerning the level of perception of dentists toward COVID-19, the results showed that the majority (48.2%) of dentists had the highest perception. However, the perception level was higher compared to their level of preparedness but lower compared to their level of knowledge.

Conclusion:

Dentists in KSA have enough understanding of COVID-19 transmission and general information. As the number of COVID-19 cases in KSA and other countries continue to grow, dentists must stay up to date on the latest information concerning the disease. Continuous educational programs are required to improve the understanding of infection management.
A Systematic Review of the Risk and Protective Factors of Tobacco Use among South Indian Adults
Authors: Daniel Monica , Rajkumar Eslavath , George Allen Joshua , John Romate
Published: November 2022

Background:

India is facing a crucial health burden due to the incremental rise in the prevalence of tobacco use and associated diseases. Sociocultural factors largely influence tobacco use behaviour. Hence, documenting the risk and protective factors associated with tobacco use among the South Indian population helps develop context-based interventions and policies to reduce tobacco-related issues.

Objective:

This systematic review aims to synthesise the available literature evidence on the risk factors contributing to tobacco use and the protective factors safeguarding against this health risk behaviour among South Indian adults.

Methods:

The primary author conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic search using five databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Science Direct from the inception to June 23, 2021. A manual search was also done in Google Scholar to find pertinent publications. 13 articles that met the review's inclusion criteria were selected from the 5063 articles that were initially found after a thorough screening process and suitable quality assessment. According to the socio-ecological model, the risk and protective factors identified were divided into five levels: intrapersonal, interpersonal, organisational, community, and public.

Results:

From the included studies, the major risk factors found were stress, low perceived health effect, low income, peer influence, nature of the occupation, lack of awareness about health effects due to community marginalization, community misconception of positive aspects of tobacco use and ease of availability in the market. The major protective factors identified were awareness, perceived harm to social image, familial support, community-based health education, exposure to tobacco warning labels and government initiatives of tobacco control.

Conclusion:

The multi-level factors identified from the current review findings reveal the need for population and context-specific interventions as well as the tobacco control policies to be developed in the near future. Interventions tailored to address the risk factors and incorporate the protective factors identified would benefit the South Indian community in tackling this health burden.
Simultaneous Adsorptive/photocatalytic Removal of Organic Dyes and
Hexavalent Chromium in Single and Binary Component Systems by Manganese
Ferrite Nanoparticles
Authors: Mahapatra Priyamabada , Das Nigamananda
Published: November 2022

Background:

As a major source of pollutant, the effluents of dye based industries are mostly associated with several toxic heavy metals. Limited efforts have been made on simultaneous removal of both dyes and heavy metals from these effluents through adsorption/photocatalysis processes. Spinel ferrites with narrow band gap and high stability are suitable for further exploitation in this regard.

Objective:

Synthesis and characterisation of manganese ferrite nanoparticle and to assess its efficiency towards removal of organic dyes and hexavalent chromium in single and binary component systems are the objectives of this study.

Methods:

Manganese ferrite nanoparticle (MF NPs), prepared by coprecipitation, was characterised systematically by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Visible diffuse reflectance and magnetic measurement. Adsorptive and photocatalytic performances of the material under visible light were evaluated using aqueous solutions of different dyes and Cr(VI).

Results:

Characterisation by various techniques revealed the formation of cubic MF nanoparticles with narrow band gap (1.78 eV) and moderate saturation magnetization (38.5 emu/g). In comparison, the anionic dyes and Cr(VI) were better adsorbed on MF, while photoactivity was more pronounced in the case of cationic dye.

Conclusion:

MF NPs displayed potential for photo-degradation/reduction of different dyes and Cr(VI) individually or simultaneously under visible light. The catalyst can be recovered magnetically from the reaction mixture for recycling and further use.
Tecnología para el cultivo del plátano en el Suroeste antioqueño
Authors: Valencia Montoya Jorge Alberto , Franco Germán , Bernal Estrada Jorge Alonso , Díaz Díez Cipriano Arturo , Ortiz Paz Rocío Alexandra , Saldarriaga Cardona Alegría , Henao Rojas Juan Camilo , Díaz Montaño John , Vásquez Gallo Luz Adriana , Tamayo Vélez Álvaro de Jesús , Zuluaga Mejía Carolina , Aguilera Arango Germán Andrés , Estrada Juan Carlos
Published: November 2022

El plátano es un importante artículo de la canasta familiar tanto en la zona rural como en la zona urbana de Colombia, pues está presente prácticamente a diario en la dieta nacional. Por ello, es necesario mantener actualizados a los productores y técnicos a través de diferentes medios de divulgación, para lo cual la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia) y la Fundación Aurelio Llano Posada (FALLP) ponen a su disposición este manual sobre el manejo del cultivo del plátano en el Suroeste antioqueño y las áreas similares del país en términos agroecológicos. De manera instruccional, profusamente ilustrado y con un lenguaje sencillo, este documento recorre, bajo el esquema de las buenas prácticas agrícolas, todo el ciclo del cultivo desde el conocimiento de la planta y sus partes, la producción intensiva de material de siembra con calidad, los métodos de manejo agronómico y prácticas culturales del cultivo, el control de plagas y enfermedades, el manejo en cosecha y poscosecha, hasta aspectos de la estructura de costos que deben llevar los productores en sus fincas para que su agronegocio sea rentable.
Navigating the Systemic Conditions of a Digital Health Ecosystem in Alberta, Canada: Embedded Case Study
Authors: Saunders Chad , Currie Devon , Virani Shane , De Grood Jill
Published: November 2022

Background

Digital health promises numerous value-creating outcomes. These include improved health, reduced costs, and the creation of lucrative markets, which, in turn, provide high-quality employment, productivity growth, and a climate that attracts investment. For this value creation and capture, the activities of a diverse set of stakeholders within a digital health ecosystem require coordination. However, the antecedents of the coordination needed for an effective digital health ecosystem are not well understood.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the systemic conditions of the digital health ecosystem in Alberta, Canada, as critical antecedents to ecosystem coordination from the perspective of the authors as applicants to an innovative digital health funding program embedded within the larger digital health ecosystem of innovators or entrepreneurs, health system leaders, support partners, and funders.

Methods

We employed a qualitative embedded case study of the systemic conditions within the digital health ecosystem in Alberta, Canada (main case) using semistructured interviews with 36 stakeholders representing innovators or entrepreneurs, health system leaders, support partners, and funders (subcases). The interviews were conducted over a 2-month period between May 26 and July 22, 2021. Data were coded for key themes and synthesized around 5 propositions developed from academic publications and policy reports.

Results

The findings indicated varying levels of support for each proposition, with moderate support for accessing real problems, data, training, and space for evaluations. However, the most fundamental gap appears to be in ecosystem navigation, in particular, the absence of intermediaries (eg, individuals, organizations, and technology) to provide guidance on the available support services and dependencies among the various ecosystem actors and programs.

Conclusions

Navigating the systemic conditions of the digital health ecosystem is extremely challenging for entrepreneurs, especially those without prior health care experience, and this remains an issue even for those with such experience. Policy interventions aimed at increasing collaboration among ecosystem support providers, along with tools and incentives to ensure coordination, are essential as the ecosystem and those dependent on it grow.
Implementation of Shared Decision-Making Within Internet Hospitals in China Based on Patients’ Needs: Feasibility Study and Content Analysis
Authors: Yu Tianzhi , Jin Chunjie , Wu Xiaodan , Yue Dianmin
Published: November 2022

Background

Internet hospitals are developing rapidly in China, and their convenient and efficient medical services are being increasingly recognized by patients. Many hospitals have set up their own internet hospitals to provide web-based medical services. Tianjin Medical University General Hospital has established a multidisciplinary and comprehensive internet hospital to provide diversified medical services according to the needs of patients. A way to further improve web-based medical services is by examining how shared decision-making (SDM) can be carried out in internet hospital diagnosis and treatment services, thereby improving patients’ medical experience.

Objective

The aim of this study was to analyze the feasibility of implementing doctor-patient SDM in internet hospital diagnosis and treatment services based on patients’ needs in China.

Methods

In this study, the medical data of 10 representative departments in the internet hospital of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 1 to January 31, 2022, were extracted as a whole; 25,266 cases were selected. After excluding 2056 cases with incomplete information, 23,210 cases were finally included in this study. A chi-square test was performed to analyze the characteristics and medical service needs of internet hospital patients in order to identify the strengths of SDM in internet hospitals.

Results

The internet hospital patients from 10 clinical departments were significantly different in terms of gender (χ29=3425.6; P<.001), age (χ236=27,375.8; P<.001), mode of payment (χ29=3501.1; P<.001), geographic distribution (χ29=347.2; P<.001), and duration of illness (χ236=2863.3; P<.001). Patient medical needs included drug prescriptions, examination prescriptions, medical record explanations, drug use instructions, prehospitalization preparations, further consultations with doctors (unspecified purpose), treatment plan consultations, initial diagnoses based on symptoms, and follow-up consultations after discharge. The medical needs of the patients in different clinical departments were significantly different (χ272=8465.5; P<.001).

Conclusions

Our study provides a practical and theoretical basis for the feasibility of doctor-patient SDM in internet hospitals and offers some implementation strategies. We focus on the application of SDM in web-based diagnosis and treatment in internet hospitals rather than on a disease or a disease management software. The medical service needs of different patient groups can be effectively obtained from an internet hospital, which provides the practical conditions for the promotion of doctor-patient SDM. Our findings show that the internet hospital platform expands the scope of SDM and is a new way for the large-scale application of doctor-patient SDM.
Determining the Reliable Measurement Period for Preoperative Baseline Values With Telemonitoring Before Major Abdominal Surgery: Pilot Cohort Study
Authors: Haveman Marjolein E , van Melzen Rianne , El Moumni Mostafa , Schuurmann Richte C L , Hermens Hermie J , Tabak Monique , de Vries Jean-Paul P M
Published: November 2022

Background

Preoperative telemonitoring of vital signs, physical activity, and well-being might be able to optimize prehabilitation of the patient’s physical and mental condition prior to surgery, support setting alarms during in-hospital monitoring, and allow personalization of the postoperative recovery process.

Objective

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate when and how long patients awaiting major abdominal surgery should be monitored to get reliable preoperative individual baseline values of heart rate (HR), daily step count, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). The secondary aim was to describe the perioperative course of these measurements at home.

Methods

In this observational single-center cohort study, patients used a wearable sensor during waking hours and reported PROMs (pain, anxiety, fatigue, nausea) on a tablet twice a day. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate the reliability of mean values on 2 specific preoperative days (the first day of telemonitoring and the day before hospital admission) and randomly selected preoperative periods compared to individual reference values. Mean values of HR, step count, and PROMs per day were visualized in a boxplot from 14 days before hospital admission until 30 days after surgery.

Results

A total of 16 patients were included in the data analyses. The ICCs of mean values on the first day of telemonitoring were 0.91 for HR, 0.71 for steps, and at least 0.86 for PROMs. The day before hospital admission showed reliability coefficients of 0.76 for HR, 0.71 for steps, and 0.92-0.99 for PROMs. ICC values of randomly selected measurement periods increased over the continuous period of time from 0.68 to 0.99 for HR and daily step counts. A lower bound of the 95% CI of at least 0.75 was determined after 3 days of measurements. The ICCs of randomly selected PROM measurements were 0.89-0.94. Visualization of mean values per day mainly showed variable preoperative daily step counts (median 2409, IQR 1735-4661 steps/day) and lower postoperative daily step counts (median 884, IQR 474-1605 steps/day). In addition, pain was visually reduced until 30 days after surgery at home.

Conclusions

In this prospective pilot study, for patients awaiting major abdominal surgery, baseline values for HR and daily step count could be measured reliably by a wearable sensor worn for at least 3 consecutive days and PROMs during any preoperative day. No clear conclusions were drawn from the description of the perioperative course by showing mean values of HR, daily step count, and PROM values over time in the home situation.
Smart Cities and Tourist Destinations Indicators applied in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
Authors: Bussador Alessandra , Bauermann Bárbara Françoise Cardoso , Matrakas Miguel Diogenes , Padilha Janine Carvalho , Zara Kátya Regina de Freitas
Published: November 2022

In response to the need for efficiency and sustainability, new trends in urban development and management have emerged to assist in decision-making regarding the management of public services. This paper presents the evaluation of the indicators of Smart Tourist Destinations, with the Norms for Sustainable and Smart Cities applied in the city of Foz do Iguaçu. The models applied in this study were the indicators used by SEGITTUR and the Brazilian Technical Standards for Smart Cities. The most appropriate indicators for the Brazilian reality were selected. As a result, it was observed the importance of using indicators to analyze and standardize how the population evaluates the importance of these indicators for the best use of tourist resources in the city of Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. Thus, it is noteworthy that the identification of these indicators in these destinations can help in the planning and management of tourist activity, improving the city's position as a Smart Tourist Destination.
The Ongoing Conflict between the Common Folk and the Prevailant Status-Quo in Ashfaque Ahmed’s the Shepherd
Authors: Obaid Muhammad Asad
Published: November 2022

The literature of the pre-partition era will remain incomplete without the mention of the word conflict as it defines that bloody period of history. Much has been written on the themes of the pre-partition and post-partition period. Among the domineering themes of that era,bloodshed,slavery and poverty stand out. During this period,a whole galaxy of stars was ever present as far as the artistic landscape of the Indian sub-continent is concerned. Especially the role of the Progressive Movement was note-worthy as they provoked the masses for independence. With the tragedy of the event, thjs fervour declined as folks and members of the establishment were locked in an ongoing tussle for control which remained the focus of post-partition Pakistani prose.Given these outlining details,the paper aims to excavate and probe into the conflicts qqqqbetween the common folk and the existinvg establishment or status-quo in Ashfaque Ahmed’s famous short-story The Shepherd. For this purpose, the paper would make use of textual references and critical articles. Historical record would also be utilised as the research has its roots from the on-going capitalist-communist struggle. The research would help us understand the theme in depth and would explore new avenues for research.
THE ROLE OF OSCE IN COUNTERING VIOLENT EXTREMISM AND RADICALIZATION
Authors: Teplov Aleksei
Published: November 2022

Numerous terrorist attacks, mass shootings, war crimes and less brutal instances of deviant behaviour such as commitment to radical Islamism or hatred against other nations often tend to be the manifestation of one of the last stages of radicalization. There is no single scenario, according to which radicalization proceeds. Absolutely different reasons can encourage a person to renounce normal values and accept the idea that the world can and should be fundamentally changed, sometimes even by force and violence. This is the main reason why OSCE adopted a “Whole-of-Society” approach to counter radicalization and its brutal results throughout the OSCE area. The adopted strategy is highly comprehensive and tackles not only different aspects of radicalization (e.g. gender, war, post-conflict, etc.) but also numerous institutions (e.g. families, churches, mosques, schools, scholars, etc.) that can detect and prevent radicalization of a person and integrate him or her back into the society. This article provides an analysis of OSCE efforts in this field by studying OSCE reports on extremism and radicalization and evaluating achieved outcomes. It finds out that despite being highly inclusive and all-pervasive with various successful instances in different regions, a bulk of member states do not have a platform that would facilitate communication between all actors involved to provide early warning and rehabilitate radicals. Efforts to develop a comprehensive framework are too costly, leading to limited projects and initiatives. Further research in finding the most efficient ways to implement OSCE ideas in the OSCE member states and beyond is required.
Are Village Fund and Village-Owned Enterprises Crucial in Eradicating Poverty in Indonesia
Authors: Azhari Azhari , Yusuf Muhammad , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Fadly F.
Published: November 2022

This study aims to examine the village funds and village-owned enterprises in reducing poverty in Indonesia. The village fund has been rolled out since 2015 by the government of the Republic of Indonesia. The data used is panel data by combining time series data and panel data from 2015 to 2021. The population of this study consists of all villages in 23 districts/cities in Aceh propince, with the total of 6.497 villages, using panel regression as an analytical tool. The result of this study showed that although village funds and village-owned enterprises do have effect in reducing the number of poor people in rural areas, however, the impact of village fund is more significant compared to village-owned enterprises. In this case relevant stakeholders should be able to increase the capacity of village fund managers through internship programs, mentoring and capacity building for managers. Multi-stakeholder cooperation is highly recommended in empowering village-owned enterprises as a source of village original income. The limitation of this study is it does not distinguish the type of business from each existing business owned by the village. Therefore, the future research needs to evaluate the type of business in a village-owned enterprise.
Effects of Transfer Pricing, Tax Haven, and Thin Capitalization on Tax Avoidance
Authors: Rini I Gusti Ayu Intan Saputra , Dipa Mellisa , Yudha Cokorda Krisna
Published: November 2022

Tax avoidance can be defined as an effort made by taxpayers to ease their tax burden without violating tax rules. Tax avoidance is a complicated and distinctive problem because it does not violate existing rules and regulations, however, on the other hand, the government does not want the existence of tax avoidance because it can cause a lack of state revenue. The purpose of this study is to examine and obtain empirical evidence of the effect of transfer pricing, tax havens, and thin capitalization on tax avoidance. This study was conducted on basic and chemical industrial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2020 period. The sample was determined using a non-probability sampling method through a purposive sampling technique, and 13 samples of companies that meeting the criteria were obtained. In addition, this study uses secondary data in the form of company annual financial statements and reports. Data were analysed using a multiple linear regression analysis technique. The results showed that transfer pricing has a negative effect on ETR as a proxy for tax avoidance; tax haven has a positive effect on ETR; while thin capitalization has no effect on ETR.
Factors Affecting the Integrity of Financial Statements: Before and During the Pandemic
Authors: Nurullah Asfeni , Wahyudi Tertiarto , Nurullah Asfeni
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of auditor switching, audit tenure, and financial distress on the integrity of financial statements before and during the pandemic. The subject of this study is the financial sector which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 and 2020. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. The population used in this study were companies in the financial sector for the period 2019 and 2020. The sample of the study was taken using a purposive sampling technique so that there were 106 samples. The study data analysis technique used the Statistical Program for Social Software (SPSS) version 24.0 with descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The integrity of the financial statements in this study is measured using conservatism. The results of the study partially show that auditor switching and audit tenure have no significant effect on the integrity of financial statements before the pandemic and during the pandemic, while financial distress has no effect on report integrity before the pandemic but has a significant negative effect on the integrity of financial statements at the time of the pandemic. During the pandemic, there was a significant difference between the integrity of financial statements before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
ANALISIS POTENSI DISTRIBUSI AIR IRIGASI SISTEM IRIGASI TETES BERTINGKAT UNTUK USAHA TANI DI PERMUKIMAN PERKOTAAN
Authors: I Dewa Gede Jaya Negara  , Heri Sulistiyono  , Anid Supriyadi  , I B Giri Putra  , I Wayan Yasa  , M R. Sepriadi
Published: November 2022

Kegiatan pertanian di perumahan perkotaan perlu didukung oleh sistem irigasi yang memadai seperti irigasi tetes yang efisien. Selain itu irigasi tetes tidak membutuhkan lahan yang luas maupun jumlah air yang besar, tetapi pada luas lahan dan sumber air yang terbatas usahatani tanaman horti kultura akan dapat dilakukan. Dengan pemanfaatan polybag sebagai media tanam dan dengan irigasi tetes yang bertingkat, akan diperoleh lebih banyak jumlah titik tanam. Untuk memperoleh jaminan sistem irigasi tetes bertingkat dapat diaplikasikan dengan baik, maka perlu diuji agar diketahui kemampuan dalam penggunaan irigasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan irigasi tetes bertingkat terhadap distribusi volume irigasi dan pemberian lengas tanah (w) pada polybag, pada masing masing tingkat lahan polybag. Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan berukuran 1m x 2m x 4 m, sumber air dari tangki 150 liter, jaringan irigasi dari pipa pvc ¾”, ½” dan ¼” dan pipa tetes Netafim (NTF) 12 mm. Analisis data dilakukan terhadap keseragaman, volume irigasi, lengas tanah (w) dan pola irigasi. Uji irigasi selama 5 menit menunjukkan hasil keragaman irigasi  rata-rata di atas 98% dan  deviasi volume irigasi tiap tingkat rata-rata 15 ml. Lengas tanah yang dihasilkan tingkat 1, 2, dan 3 berturut-turut adalah 13.4%, 5.5%, dan 3.9%. Untuk memperoleh volume irigasi yang sama sebaiknya irigasi tetes bertingkat dilakukan secara bergiliran dengan durasi yang berbeda.
Background Independence and Quantum Causal Structure
Authors: Parker Lachlan , Costa Fabio
Published: November 2022

One of the key ways in which quantum mechanics differs from relativity is that it requires a fixed background reference frame for spacetime. In fact, this appears to be one of the main conceptual obstacles to uniting the two theories. Additionally, a combination of the two theories is expected to yield non-classical, or "indefinite", causal structures. In this paper, we present a background-independent formulation of the process matrix formalism – a form of quantum mechanics that allows for indefinite causal structure – while retaining operationally well-defined measurement statistics. We do this by postulating an arbitrary probability distribution of measurement outcomes across discrete "chunks" of spacetime, which we think of as physical laboratories, and then requiring that this distribution be invariant under any permutation of laboratories. We find (a) that one still obtains nontrivial, indefinite causal structures with background independence, (b) that we lose the idea of local operations in distinct laboratories, but can recover it by encoding a reference frame into the physical states of our system, and (c) that permutation invariance imposes surprising symmetry constraints that, although formally similar to a superselection rule, cannot be interpreted as such.
Koncepcje smart city w wybranych miastach Zagłębia Ruhry
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, Wydział Ekonomii, Widuch Adrian
Published: November 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest weryfikacja różnic i podobieństw kon- ceptów wprowadzenia idei smart city w dwóch miastach Zagłębia Ruhry: Duisburga i Bochum, oraz tego, czy miasta dalej wprowadzają dwie pierwsze generacje smart city. Pierwsze dwie generacje smart city dotyczą głównie wdrażania nowoczesnych technolo- gii teleinformatycznych, bez zaangażowania mieszkańców. W artykule przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą ogólnie dostępnych dokumentów miejskich z tematyki smart w języku niemieckim, a także dokonano przeglądu literatury w językach: angielskim, niemieckim oraz polskim. W wyniku badań udało się ustalić, że koncepcja wdrażana w Duisburgu skupia się przede wszystkim na aspektach technologicznych, zaś koncepcja implementowana w Bochum – na aspektach społecznych. W obu miastach wykazano niekorzystne rozdrobnienie aplikacyjne, które multiplikuje dostępne formy komunikacji między miastem a jego mieszkańcami. Należy ograniczyć wykorzystywane aplikacje i portale, aby wymiana informacji przebiegała możliwie bezproblemowo. Słowa kluczowe: smart city, miasto inteligentne, Zagłębie Ruhry. Kod JEL: P25 (Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics), R10 (General).
Identyfikacja zagrożeń wynikających z użytkowania systemów informatycznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, Koło Naukowe Analiz Rynku Finansowego, Mencel Adrian
Published: November 2022

Prawidłowe sklasyfikowanie zagrożeń, na które są narażone systemy informatyczne użytkowane w przedsiębiorstwach, może zapewnić odpowiedni dobór sposobów ich zabezpieczenia. Stworzenie jednorodnej i spójnej klasyfikacji może po- zwolić na porównanie opisanych zagrożeń między różnymi systemami informatycznymi użytkowanymi w przedsiębiorstwach. Celem artykułu jest propozycja klasyfikacji źródeł zagrożeń systemów informatycznych oraz zbadanie, czy polskie przedsiębiorstwa iden- tyfikują zagrożenia tych systemów. Badanie ma charakter pilotażu. Metodą badawczą przyjętą w opracowaniu jest przegląd literatury, badań naukowych oraz analiza spra- wozdań zarządu badanych 18 spółek z sektora transportu i logistyki, energetycznego oraz telekomunikacyjnego z indeksu WIG za lata 2019-2020. Na podstawie przeprowa- dzonych rozważań stwierdzono, iż zaprezentowana klasyfikacja pozwala zidentyfikować zagrożenia systemów informatycznych oraz może pomóc w ich zabezpieczeniu. Prze- prowadzona w artykule analiza dowiodła, że spółki z sektora transportu i logistyki, ener- getycznego i telekomunikacyjnego ujawniają niewiele informacji o występujących w ich działalności zagrożeniach systemów informatycznych, a co z tym związane − sposobach ich zabezpieczenia. Spółki z sektora energetycznego ujawniają znacznie więcej informa- cji, a spółki z sektora telekomunikacyjnego wykazują najwięcej. Słowa kluczowe: systemy informatyczne, zagrożenia systemów informatycznych, klasyfi- kacja źródeł zagrożeń systemów informatycznych. Kod JEL: M15, M41, K24, L86
Sukces klubu sportowego − ujęcie naukowe i pragmatyczne na przykładzie polskich klubów piłkarskich
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, Katedra Teorii Zarządzania, Pietrzyk Adrian
Published: November 2022

Zdefiniowanie sukcesu przedsiębiorstwa jest bardzo trudne. Nawet dla jednej branży nie istnieje uniwersalna definicja. Zagadnienie to jest bardziej złożone w przypadku klubów sportowych, działają one bowiem w bardzo różnych obszarach. Pierwsza trudność to identyfikacja tych obszarów. Drugą jest identyfikacja celów przed- siębiorstwa sportowego. W artykule przedstawiono autorski model pozwalający na iden- tyfikację płaszczyzn działania klubu sportowego i związanych z nimi płaszczyzn sukce- su: sportowej, wizerunkowej, finansowej i marketingowej. Określono także cele, które prowadzą do sukcesu. Na końcu przedstawiono rekomendacje dla polskich klubów pił- karskich. Słowa kluczowe: ekonomia sportu, zarządzanie klubem sportowym, cele klubu sporto- wego, sukces klubu sportowego. Kod JEL: Z20
Utilization of Papain Extracted from Chaya and Papaya Stalks as Halal Beef Tenderiser
Authors: Phothiwicha Aekkalak , Thamsaad Kiatisak , Boontranurak Kanjapach , Sintuya Panlop , Panyoyai Naksit
Published: November 2022

Papain is a proteolytic enzyme extracted from plant latex. The protease has widely used in the meat industry and culinary work for a pre-tenderization step prior to further meat processing. The objective of this research was to evaluate the bioactivity of papain extracted from Chaya and papaya. The different levels of papain, casein substrate, temperature, and pH were set up in vitro conditions. Then, the fresh papain was used to digest raw beef and the beef was dried under solar process. The sun-dried beef was further analyzed of yield, moisture content, water activity, and tensile force. It was found that proteolytic activity from both plants was accelerated by a high level of papain or casein up to 2.0 (w/v). The best optimal proteolytic activity was recorded at 60oC and pH5. Later, the tenderized beef at pH6.5 was dried by a solar dryer, where an inside tunnel temperature was approximately 40oC, 40% relative humidity, and 187 Btu/ft2. hr solar radiation. The sun-dried beef had a 75% yield, a 32% moisture content, and 0.90 Aw. Despite the fact that the drying temperature and pH of beef were not optimal as given from the previous results, the tensile force and the work of tension of papain-treated beef both moist and dried states were lower than the non-treated beef.
Quality Evaluation Of Gluten-Free Rice Donut Incorporated With Eggplant Flour And Xanthan Gum
Authors: Akesowan Adisak , Chareonkul Apinya , Tantakasem Sirinard
Published: November 2022

Incorporating functional ingredients for producing a healthy gluten-free product is necessary to assess the impact on product characteristics and acceptability. This study aimed to determine the effect of eggplant flour and xanthan gum on gluten-free rice donuts. Four donut formulations were prepared by replacing rice flour with 10% and 20% eggplant flour and adding 0.5% and 1% xanthan gum (flour weight basis). The rice donut was the control. Physical properties on specific volume, firmness, and color, as well as sensory evaluation on a 9-point hedonic scale, were investigated. When replacing rice flour with 10% eggplant flour, the donut with 1% xanthan gum showed better specific volume and firmness but was darker and received more acceptable than that with 0.5% xanthan gum. The 20% eggplant flour replacement deteriorated rice donuts’ physical properties and sensory attributes. The preference mapping indicated that the rice donut with 10% eggplant flour and 1% xanthan was the best formulation.
Correlation Between Bitterness Removal And Functional Properties Of Papaya (Carica Papaya L.) Leaves
Authors: Kam Natania , Setiadi Jacinta Fanya , Hardoko Hardoko , Rosa Dela
Published: November 2022

The mature papaya leaves are known for its medicinal properties albeit its distinctive bitter taste. In this research 3 different adsorbents; bentonite, activated attapulgite and diatomaceous earth were used to reduce the bitterness of the papaya leaves. The adsorbent treated papaya leaves were then analysed for its sensory evaluation in terms of bitterness intensity and phytochemical compounds which include phenolic, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid compounds and also antioxidant activity. Papaya leaves treated with bentonite had the most reduced bitterness and application of heat treatment further enhance the efficacy of bitterness removal. However the removal of the bitterness also slightly affected the phytochemical compounds and their functional properties. The leaves treated with bentonite by method of boiling was found to be the most effective method in reducing bitterness, with bitterness intensity score of 0.3 out of the original 11.2, while retaining its phytochemical compound; total phenolic content of 10.699 mg GAE/g extract, total flavonoid content of 1.468 mg QE/g extract, total tannin content of 9.423 mg TAE/g extract, total alkaloid content of 1.363% while retained most of its Antioxidant IC50 of 1001.058 ppm and Antidiabetic properties of  642.231 ppm
Utilization Of Buckwheat, Proso Millet, And Amaranth For A Gluten-Free Cereal Bar
Authors: Ojha Pravin , Adhikari Anuska , Manandhar Utshah , Maharjan Sushma , Maharjan Sophi
Published: November 2022

Four formulations of cereal bar were prepared using common buckwheat (55 parts), proso millet (15-30 parts), white amaranth (25-40 parts), walnut (27.5 parts), and jaggery (50 parts), by varying the proportions of proso millet and white amaranth in the ratio of 15:40, 20:35, 25:30 and 30:25. Roasted cereals and walnut pieces were mixed with jaggery syrup of 73.7° Bx and baked at 120° C for 20 minutes. The bars' proximate composition, mineral content (Ca, Fe and P) were evaluated and compared with the bar available in the market. The textural analysis and sensory profile of the bar were also evaluated. The crude fiber, calcium, and iron were significantly higher (p<0.05) in formulated bars compared to the market sample while energy and fat content were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the market sample. The formulated bars provided 440.31- 489.81kcal energy per 100 g, which qualified the product as a good energy-dense snack. From the textural analysis and sensory evaluation, Formulation C (common buckwheat-55, proso millet-25, white amaranth-30, walnut-27.5, and jaggery-50) was harder and preferred the most based on taste and overall acceptability. The research concludes the good potentiality of underutilized crops for cereal bar production.
Tinjauan Viktimologi Terhadap Hak Perlindungan Penyalahgunaan Narkotika (Victimless Crime)
Authors: Hasan Tasya Nafisatul , Candra Marli
Published: November 2022

Drug abuse is a form of victimless crime. Although there is still debate about victimless crime in contemporary victimology studies, the negative impact of drugs on society, especially the younger generation, is very worrying. This paper is a qualitative study with a literature review approach to examine and analyze solutions to the problems discussed. This paper examines the forms of protection against drug abuse by children. It is crucial because children are one of the components of society that must be protected. They are victims of social interactions, especially families and the environment, to asphyxiate in drug abuse as an escape. There must be a balance between child protection and liability for crimes. Thus, rehabilitation is the only solution as a form of protection and responsibility for what they do.
 
ABSTRAK
Penyalahgunaan narkoba merupakan salah satu bentuk kejahatan tanpa korban. Walaupun masih saja perdebatan terkait istilah kejahatan tanpa korban dalam kajian viktimologi kontemporer, dampak negatif narkoba terhadap masyarakat, terutama generasi muda sangat mengkhawatirkan. Tulisan ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka untuk mengkaji dan menganalisa solusi terhadap permasalahan yang dibahas. Tulisan ini hadir untuk mengkaji bentuk perlindungan terhadap penyalahgunaan narkoba yang dilakukan oleh anak. Hal ini penting karena anak merupakan salah satu komponen masyarakat yang harus dilindung, dan mereka merupakan korban akibat dari interaksi sosial, terutama keluarga dan lingkungan sehingga mereka tenggelam dalam penyalahgunaan narkoba sebagai pelarian. Harus adanya keseimbangan antara perlindungan terhadap anak dan langkah pertanggungjawaban kejahatan. Maka, rehabilitasi merupakan solusi utama sebagai bentuk perlindungan dan pertanggungjawaban atas apa yang mereka lakukan.
Peranan Hakim Pengawas dan Pengamat dalam Pembinaan Narapidana
Authors: Sarah Putri , Liyus Herry , Munandar Tri Imam
Published: November 2022

This study aims to understand and determine the implementation of the duties of supervisory judges and observers in fostering female prisoners in Class II B Women's Prison in Jambi. To understand and know the supervisor and observer judges in the development of female prisoners in Class II B Women's Prison in Jambi. The results obtained in this study show that the implementation of the duties of supervisory judges and observers in fostering female prisoners at Class II B Women's Prison in Jambi is to ensure that judges' decisions are carried out according to law. The contribution of supervisory judges and observers in fostering female prisoners at the Class II B Women's Prison in Jambi ensures that the rights of female prisoners are protected in accordance with Article 14 of the Correctional Law.
 
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan mengetahui pelaksanaan tugas hakim pengawas dan pengamat dalam pembinaan narapidana wanita di Lapas Perempuan Kelas II B Jambi. Untuk memahami dan mengetahui hakim pengawas dan pengamat dalam pembinaan narapidana wanita di Lapas Perempuan Kelas II B Jambi. Hasil Penelitian yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini bahwa pelaksanaan tugas hakim pengawas dan pengamat dalam pembinaan narapidana wanita di Lapas Perempuan Kelas II B Jambi yakni memastikan putusan hakim dilaksanakan sesuai undang-undang. Adapun kontribusi hakim pengawas dan pengamat dalam pembinaan narapidana wanita di Lapas Perempuan Kelas II B Jambi memastikan hak-hak narapidana wanita terlindungi sesuai pasal 14 UU Pemasyarakatan.
Pendekatan Diversi dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA)
Authors: Denadin Sausan Afifah , Najemi Andi , Arfa Nys.
Published: November 2022

This article aims to determine the diversion approach in the juvenile criminal justice system (SPPA) in Batanghari District and obstacles experienced in applying the diversion approach. The formulation of the problem is how the diversion approach in the juvenile justice system (SPPA) in Batanghari District? and what are the obstacles in the application of the diversion approach in the juvenile criminal justice system (SPPA) in Batanghari District? This research uses empirical juridical method. The results of this study are that the diversion approach in Batanghari District has worked quite well at every level of the juvenile criminal justice system (SPPA), but the success rate of implementing diversion at each level is different. This diversion approach has been based on law number 11 of 2012 concerning the juvenile criminal justice system (SPPA) as well as several derivative rules as rules for implementing diversion efforts at each level. The obstacles faced in providing this diversion approach are lack of public understanding of diversion, no agreement between the two parties, the cost of compensation requested by the victim is too large, the constraints on calling the parties, the occurrence of disputes during the diversion process, the perception of the community that each a person who is guilty must be convicted so that it cannot be forgiven only by implementing the diversion agreement, the victim’s family or victim is not present during the diversion process.  
 
ABSTRAK
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendekatan diversi dalam sistem peradilan pidana anak (SPPA) di Kabupaten Batanghari dan kendala yang dialami dalam penerapan pendekatan diversi. Rumusan masalahnya adalah Bagaimana pendekatan diversi dalam sistem peradilan pidana anak (SPPA) di Kabupaten Batanghari? dan apa saja kendala dalam penerapan pendekatan diversi dalam sistem peradilan pidana anak (SPPA) di Kabupaten Batanghari? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian adalah pendekatan diversi di Kabupaten Batanghari sudah berjalan cukup baik di setiap tingkatan sistem peradilan pidana anak (SPPA) hanya saja dalam tingkat keberhasilan dilaksanakannya diversi di setiap tingkatan berbeda-beda. Pendekatan diversi ini sudah berlandaskan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA) serta beberapa aturan turunan sebagai aturan pelaksanaan dari upaya diversi pada setiap tingkatan. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam memberikan pendekatan diversi ini adalah pemahaman masyarakat terhadap diversi masih kurang, tidak adanya kesepakatan antara kedua belah pihak, biaya ganti kerugian yang diminta korban terlalu besar, kendala pemanggilan para pihak, terjadinya perselisihan selama proses diversi, adanya tanggapan dari masyarakat bahwa setiap orang yang bersalah mesti dipidana sehingga tidak dapat dimaafkan hanya dengan pelaksanaan kesepakatan diversi saja, keluarga korban atau korban tidak hadir selama proses diversi.