bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Lysis of Adhesions for Arthrofibrosis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Lamba Abhinav , Holliday Charles L. , Marigi Erick M. , Reinholz Anna K. , Wilbur Ryan R. , Song Bryant M. , Hevesi Mario , Krych Aaron J. , Stuart Michael J. , Levy Bruce A.
Published: September 2023

Background:

Arthrofibrosis (AF) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) remains a challenge. There is a paucity of data on arthroscopic interventions for AF after ACLR.

Purpose:

To (1) describe the patient, injury, and surgical characteristics and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of those requiring an arthroscopic intervention for loss of motion after ACLR and (2) compare outcomes between patients undergoing an early intervention (within 3 months) versus those undergoing a late intervention (after 3 months).

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Patients with a history of ACLR and a subsequent operative procedure for postoperative AF at a single institution between 2000 and 2018 were retrospectively identified. Arthroscopic interventions included lysis of adhesions, capsular release with or without manipulation under anesthesia, and excision of cyclops lesions. Patients were excluded if they had a knee dislocation or multiple-ligament injury, a periarticular fracture, or less than 2-year follow-up from the arthroscopic intervention. PROs including the Tegner activity score, visual analog scale pain score, and International Knee Documentation Committee score as well as knee range of motion (ROM) were recorded.

Results:

A total of 40 patients were included with a mean age of 27.2 years (range, 11.0-63.8 years) at surgery and a mean follow-up of 10.0 years (range, 2.9-20.7 years). The mean preoperative flexion and extension were 102° (range, 40°-150°) and 8° (range, 0°-25°), respectively. The mean postoperative flexion and extension were 131° (range, 110° to 150°) and 0° (range, –10° to 5°), respectively. After the arthroscopic intervention, the mean ROM improved from 94° (range, 40°-140°) preoperatively to 131° (range, 107°-152°) at final follow-up ( P < .001), and the visual analog scale pain score improved from 3.0 preoperatively to 1.2 postoperatively ( P = .001). Overall, 13 patients (32.5%) underwent an intervention within 3 months and 27 (67.5%) after 3 months. The early intervention group had a higher postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee score compared with the late intervention group (86.8 vs 71.7, respectively; P = .035).

Conclusion:

An arthroscopic intervention for AF after ACLR successfully improved knee ROM and pain. Patients who underwent either early or late surgery obtained satisfactory motion and function, although improved PROs were observed when the intervention occurred within 3 months of the primary procedure.
The Rise of Guard Labor in the United States: Evidence from Local Labor Markets
Authors: Petach Luke , Wilson Anastasia
Published: September 2023

We examine the rise of “Guard Labor”—defined as occupations devoted to labor extraction—at the commuting zone level in the United States. Between 1950 and 2017 the share of the labor force employed in guard labor increased from 19.5 percent to 29.4 percent. We explore the local labor market correlates of guard labor and validate several predictions of the labor discipline model, while extending the model to the context of contemporary racial capitalism. The share of the labor force employed in guard labor is positively correlated with the household income Gini coefficient, negatively correlated with the fraction of the labor force in a union, and positively correlated with contemporary measures of local racial animosity. Consistent with the labor discipline model, an increase in the share of the labor force employed in supervisory occupations has a significant negative effect on nonsupervisory wages.

JEL Classification: O17, P16, Z13, B51, B52
Drapability of 3D-Printed Auxetic Structure Textiles for Wearable Products Through the Digital Image Processing Technique
Authors: Kabir Shahbaj , Li Yu , Salahuddin Mir , Lee Young-A
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to explore drapability of 3D-printed auxetic structure textiles with different geometries through the digital image processing technique in order to showcase their potential applications in 3D-printed wearable product development. A 13 (textile samples) × 3 (repetition) experimental research design consisting of 10 3D-printed auxetic structure textiles and three traditional lace fabrics were utilized in this study. The findings indicate that 3D-printed multi-angular auxetic structures exhibited the highest level of drapability followed by sinusoidal and triangular auxetic structures; these multi-angular structure textiles with draping coefficient ranging from 26.82% to 31.43% have a great potential to simulate traditional lace-like fabrics. A statistically significant correlation also was found between drapability and weight of 3D-printed auxetic structure textiles. This study demonstrates a true potential of 3D-printed auxetic structure textiles as alternatives of traditional lace textiles and their application in the wearable product development.
Steady state prediction model and spectrum characteristics analysis of cutting force for CNC lathe considering variable machining parameters
Authors: Zhang Bao , Zhao Chunyu
Published: September 2023

This paper presents a steady state cutting force prediction model for CNC lathe considering feed displacement. The frequency spectrum characteristics of the cutting force in principal direction are analyzed. The turning test for 12Cr18Ni9 stainless steel workpiece is carried out by CNC machine tool ETC1625P firstly, and the real-time displacement data of worktable in the turning process are obtained. The cutting force data varying with the displacement of the worktable under different cutting parameters are obtained by cubic spline interpolation. The mechanical force model including metal shearing force and plowing force is established, so as to predict the steady state cutting force accurately corresponding to different displacement of the worktable. The influence of different cutting parameters on the amplitude frequency characteristics for the low frequency part of the cutting force in principal direction is studied by using wavelet packet decomposition and fast Fourier transform. The results show that the method can predict the steady cutting force accurately and reflect the amplitude frequency characteristics of the low frequency part for the cutting force in principal direction under different cutting parameters.
Numerical simulation of the frame structure dynamic behavior utilizing the nonlocal in time damping model
Authors: Sidorov Vladimir N , Shitikova Marina V , Badina Elena S , Detina Elena P
Published: September 2023

This research is devoted to the numerical analysis of the dynamic response of composite frame structures considering its internal friction properties utilizing the nonlocal in time model of material damping. It is assumed that damping of the structure at the current time moment is dependent not only on an instant value of the strain rate at this moment, but also on the values of strain rates of the previous time history. The longer is the gap between two time points, the lower is the impact of one of them on the other. Such a model in the one-dimensional statement (1 D) could be smoothly integrated to the Finite Element Analysis algorithm and effectively used for the approximation of numerical simulation or physical experiment data. The equation of motion of the frame structure based on the FE model with the nonlocal in time material damping is solved using an implicit scheme. It is shown that such an approach allows one to create a flexible model which could be effectively applied in the case when 1 D models are more preferable than 3D ones, for instance, on the initial design stages or for optimization problem solving.
Eco-driving strategy for connected vehicles at signalized intersections considering human driver error
Authors: Chen Jian , Qian Lijun , Xuan Liang , Chen Chen
Published: September 2023

In recent years, eco-driving strategies based on connected vehicle (CV) technologies have been studied to assist human drivers to reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. In this paper, a real-time eco-driving strategy for CVs that considers human driver error is proposed to improve both traffic and fuel efficiency at signalized intersections where CVs and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) coexist. Firstly, a human driver error estimation model is established using real-world driving data. Then, based on the signal phase and timing information, vehicle state information, and the estimated human driver errors, a constrained nonlinear optimal control problem (OCP) is proposed to calculate the optimal advisory speed of each CV. The trajectory of HDV is estimated by utilizing the Gipps’ car-following model. Fast stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) is employed to solve the proposed OCP effectively. At last, simulation studies and real-vehicle experiments are conducted in various scenarios to verify the performance of the proposed strategy. Simulation and experiment results indicate that compared with the baseline strategies, the proposed eco-driving strategy can significantly reduce travel time and fuel consumption while ensuring the real-time performance.
Investigating the Role of Urban–Rural Economies in the Development of Rural Settlements: Fresh Evidence from Iran
Authors: Mousavi Mir Najaf , Ali Nazim , Kumari Simki , Alizadeh Ismail Safar , Ahmed Waseem
Published: September 2023

Urban–rural relations are recognised as one of the essential factors in the occurrence of social, economic and cultural changes in urban and rural areas. However, most planning and development theories emphasise the duality of the city and village. Numerous correspondences in rural towns can lead to the development or underdevelopment of rural or urban areas. Therefore, this study investigates the role of rural-urban economies in developing rural settlements in the Balajer, QarahSaqal, Sarrjez and Dehshams of the Nalous district of Iran. The study is based on primary data sources as well as secondary data sources. Moreover, the method of data collection combines documentary and field survey methods. The data have been collected from 240 households. The secondary sources are studies, journals, business magazines and published literature. In this work, the descriptive-analytical relationships have been examined. The study’s statistical population includes all rural households in the sampled villages. For data analysis, Cronbach’s test, one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression model. The t-test result was 2.54, which assessed the poor relationship between the city and the village. Also, in the Pearson correlation test, the flow of urban investment in rural economic activities has a higher correlation. In the regression test, communication flow has significantly impacted communication by providing financial resources.
Pesticide contamination of beeswax from managed honey bee colonies in New York State
Authors: Bischoff Karyn , Baert Nicolas , McArt Scott
Published: September 2023

The New York State (NYS) beekeeping industry generated >$11M worth of honey in 2020 and >$300M in pollination services to agriculture annually. Bees are frequently exposed to pesticides through foraging and husbandry practices. Lipophilic pesticides can remain in beeswax for extended periods. We analyzed for pesticides in wax comb samples collected from NYS apiaries at the end of the growing season, comparing residue numbers and concentrations among beekeepers of different operation scales: commercial beekeepers (>300 colonies), sideliners (50–299 colonies), and hobbyists (<50 colonies). We analyzed samples collected from 72 managed honey bee colonies for 92 insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Pesticides were detected in all samples and included 34 fungicides, 33 insecticides, and 22 herbicides. Each wax sample contained 7–35 different residues (x¯ = 17.8 residues). Wax from colonies managed by commercial beekeepers contained the most residues (x¯ = 21.9 residues), hobbyists were second (x¯ = 16.3 residues), and sideliners had the fewest (x¯ = 11.7 residues). Nearly all wax samples (98.6%) contained the pesticide synergist piperonyl butoxide, most samples (86%) contained common varroacides used to control honey bee parasites, including coumaphos and amitraz breakdown products, and 93.1% contained the fungicide difenoconazole. We detected 34 fungicides, 7 of which were found in 50% or more of the samples. We detected 22 herbicides. We found pesticide contamination of beeswax to be common, with commercial beekeepers experiencing the greatest contamination.
The Impact of Technology on Presence in Outdoor Education
Authors: Hills David , van Kraalingen Imre , Thomas Glyn J.
Published: September 2023

Background: The ability of outdoor educators and their participants to be present with each other and the natural and cultural histories of places can impact the realisation of learning outcomes and safety. Purpose: In this paper, we combine the findings of two separate research studies regarding the potential for digital technology to both distract and enhance the presence that both facilitators and their learners may experience in outdoor education programs. Methodology/Approach: Research Study One used a naturalistic inquiry to collect data via surveys and online interviews with 185 outdoor educators from 14 different countries. Research Study Two used a collective case study involving undergraduate outdoor education programs in Norway. Data were collected from 12 educators and 12 learners using semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews. Findings/Conclusions: Decisions on inclusion or exclusion of digital technology in outdoor education should be intentional, systematic, and evidence-based. The use of mobile technologies can pose barriers to learners’ and educators’ presence, their social interactions, and their experience of place. Implications: Digital technology can enhance or detract the experience of presence in outdoor education programs depending on how that technology is used, and the way the technology is managed.
A 67-Year-Old Man with Grade 3 Reactive Cutaneous Capillary Endothelial Proliferation Induced by Camrelizumab First Manifested in the Oral Mucosa – A Case Report
Authors: Liu Yong , Liu Hui , Bian Queqiao , Guan Yanmin
Published: September 2023

Reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP) is the most common immune-related adverse event induced by camrelizumab (SHR-1210). Very rare cases have been reported in oral tissues, especially the oral mucosa. We reported a 67-year-old male with Grade 3 RCCEP. Multiple dome-shaped and bright red papules were first observed in the oral mucosa, which gradually developed on his lip, face, scalp, neck, foot, calf, abdomen and groin. The patient's symptoms gradually improved at 4 weeks after SHR-1210 discontinuation and were mostly relieved at 7 weeks after discontinuation. Our findings revealed that oral examination should be performed regularly during SHR-1210 treatment.
Epstein Barr Virus-Related Acute Liver Failure and Hemophagocytosis in an Immunocompetent Individual: An Autopsy Report
Authors: Mitra Suvradeep , Hanumanthappa Mohan Kumar , Sarkar Subhabrata , Bhalla Ashish , Minz Ranjana , Ratho Radha Kanta
Published: September 2023

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a nonhepatotropic virus. It causes mild self-limiting illness characterized by fever, oral ulcer, diarrhea, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Rarely it causes acute liver failure (ALF). EBV-related ALF (EBV-ALF) accounts for 0.2% of all ALF cases. The prognosis of EBV-ALF is dismal, and it can affect both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. We performed a partial autopsy on a 30-year-old immunocompetent individual with infectious mononucleosis and ALF. The autopsy showed characteristic histomorphology of EBV-ALF in the form of centrizonal confluent hepatocytic necrosis, portal mixed inflammatory infiltrate, sinusoidal lymphocytosis, numerous hemophagocytic figures, and tissue Epstein-Barr encoded RNA-in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) positivity. Extensive hemophagocytosis was noted in the liver, spleen, lymph node, and bone marrow. Other features include T-zone expansion of lymph nodes and spleen, interstitial pneumonia pattern in the lungs, and exanthematous skin changes. EBV-DNA polymerase chain reaction from the postmortem blood sample yielded 70,200 copies/µL. The index case highlights the uncommon occurrence of EBV-ALF, its histomorphological features, and its putative pathogenesis.
Congenital Meatal Urethral Stenosis in a Female Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Arredondo Montero Javier , Ayuso González Lidia , Hernández Martín Sara , Bronte Anaut Mónica
Published: September 2023

We present the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented with alterations in the voiding stream. On physical examination, a very small urethral meatus was identified at the expense of a membrane. The renovesical ultrasound showed no alterations. An uroflowmetric study was performed, showing a bladder outlet obstruction pattern. The urethral meatus was calibrated and a ventral meatotomy was performed. The histological study of the resected membrane showed a transitional urethral mucosa with chronic focal inflammation and discrete hyperplasia. The patient evolved favorably, with resolution of the symptoms and no notable complications. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case with a histological study of a congenital meatal urethral stenosis. In the presence of lower urinary tract obstruction, this entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Surgical treatment is curative.
Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated With Increased Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2 Ratio in Pregnancy
Authors: Andersen Matilde Kanstrup , Rüdiger Isabella Hangaard , Vestergaard Anna Louise , Palarasah Yaseelan , Bor Pinar , Larsen Agnete , Bor Mustafa Vakur
Published: September 2023

Background

Vitamin D deficiency has recently been suggested as an independent risk factor for thrombosis. Notably, vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant populations, whom already have an increased thrombotic risk. However, pregnant women are commonly excluded from studies investigating the hemostatic system, and knowledge on the impact of vitamin D on hemostasis in pregnancy is therefore limited.

Methods

A cross-sectional study comparing the hemostatic profile of pregnant women (gestational week 12.9 ± 0.7) with vitamin D deficiency (≤50 nmol/L) (n = 70) and high adequate vitamin D status (≥100 nmol/L) (n = 59).

Results

Vitamin D deficient women displayed increased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels and an increased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1/plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 ratio, even after adjusting for factors with potential influence on hemostasis (body mass index, smoking and use of fish oil supplements).

Conclusions

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1/plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 ratio in pregnant women. As an increased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1/plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 ratio with high plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels may increase thrombotic risk and is associated with the development of pregnancy complications, further research is needed to determine the optimal vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy.
What Do Doors Do? Door Storyings, Matterings, Adventurings, and Commonings
Authors: Taylor Carol A. , Albin-Clark Jo , Broadhurst Healey Karen , Hogarth Hannah , Lewis Zoe , Pihkala Suvi , Smith Sharon Louise , Cranham Joy , Latto Liz
Published: September 2023

What do doors do?

Open

Close

Invite In

Shut Out

Jam

Stick

Wedge open

Welcome: Entice and Invite

Offer a glimpse into

Bar

SLAM SHUT

Get kicked in

Get kicked shut

Splinter

Warp

Hang

Sit ajar

Gently linger in our minds

Cause hurt and separation

Affecting thoughts

Moments of joy or pain

Longing, Waiting

Fearful longing,

Fearful waiting,

Anticipating

Wondering

Haunting

“Come-on-in”

This article is based on research-creation experimentations arising from the provocations “what do doors do?” and “how do doors matter?” We ponder how knowledge-making practices come to life when you take a little time to notice the mattering of doors. We use collaborative feminist praxis to generate arts-based post-qualitative entanglements as generative invitations for door storying that illuminate the potentialities of commoning practices.
Reading Facebook After Norman K. Denzin’s Passing
Authors: Pelias Ronald J.
Published: September 2023

This essay is a tribute in memory of Norman K. Denzin. It recalls the thoughts that were running through the author’s mind when he learned of Norman Denzin’s passing on Facebook.
GANT61, an inhibitor of Gli1, inhibits the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Liu Bao-wang , Cao Jing-lin , Wang Yang , Zhao Xin , Zeng Qiang , Liu Wen-peng , Zhang Jun-hong , Fan Yi-ze , Dou Jian
Published: September 2023

Constitutive activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in many cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Among them, the terminal glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) regulates the expression of critical genes in the Hh pathway. The current study aims to evaluate the anti-HCC effect of the Gli1 inhibitor, GANT61. In vitro analysis including cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, and migration and invasion assay were adopted to evaluate the effect of GANT61 on HCC cell lines. In vivo, xenograft studies were also performed to verify the effect of GANT61 on HCC. By CCK-8 assay, we found that GANT61 could significantly reduce the growth of HCC cell lines Huh7 and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLE), and their IC50 concentrations were 4.481 and 6.734 μM, respectively. Flow cytometry shows that GANT61 induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and accelerated apoptosis of both HLE and Huh7 cells. While migration and invasion assay shows that GANT61 weakens cells’ migration and invasion ability. Besides that, GANT61 inhibits the expression of Gli1, FoxM1, CyclinD1, and Bcl-2, upregulates the level of Bax protein, and also reverses the epithelial–mesenchymal transition program by downregulating the expression of Vimentin and N-Cadherin and upregulating the expression of epithelial E-Cadherin expression. Furthermore, GANT61 inhibits the growth of subcutaneous xenografts of Huh7 cells in nude mice. Overall, this study suggests that Gli1 is a potential target for therapy and GANT61 shows promising therapeutic potential for future treatment in HCC.
Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 fractions ameliorate palmitic acid-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis by inhibiting SREBP1-CYP2E1 pathway
Authors: Bu Guangkui , Chen Gang , Li Juan , Wu Dan , Liao Jiangtao
Published: September 2023

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is strongly associated with disturbances in the intestinal microbiota. Herein, the biological effects and mechanism of Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 fractions in regulating hepatocyte ferroptosis during MAFLD progression were investigated. To establish an in vitro model of MAFLD, LO2 cells were subjected to palmitic acid (PA). The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. LO2 cell proliferation was examined using 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays, whereas its apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Furthermore, level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using 2', 7,-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. Additionally, the levels of Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were detected using corresponding kits. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were performed to analyze the interaction between sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) promoter. Our results revealed that Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 fractions effectively ameliorated PA-induced hepatocyte injury, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis. However, these beneficial effects of BGN4 fractions on PA-induced hepatocyte were dramatically reversed by SREBP1 overexpression, suggesting that BGN4 attenuated MAFLD by acting on SREBP1. Moreover, we observed that BGN4 fractions inhibited CYP2E1 transcription by suppressing SREBP1 nuclear translocation. In addition, CYP2E1 overexpression eliminated the inhibitory effect of BGN4 fractions on PA-induced hepatocyte oxidative stress and ferroptosis. These findings collectively indicated that BGN4 fractions reduced CYP2E1 expression by inhibiting SREBP1 nuclear translocation, thereby suppressing hepatocyte oxidative stress and ferroptosis during the development of MAFLD.
An Interval Decomposition-Ensemble Model for Tourism Forecasting
Authors: Xie Gang , Liu Shuihan , Li Xin
Published: September 2023

In order to accurately capture the variability of tourism demand, this paper proposed a new decomposition-ensemble framework for forecasting interval-valued time series (ITS) of tourism arrivals. The procedure consists of four main steps: ITS decomposition, determination of the optimal decomposition technique, component ITS forecasting, and ensemble. The investigation revealed the optimal theoretical approach for choosing the decomposition technique in terms of multi-scale complexity. In addition, a comparison was made between the performance of two types of models that predict the upper and lower limits of ITS separately versus simultaneously. Using the weekly ITSs of tourist arrivals to Mount Siguniang, in western China, and Hawaii, USA, during both COVID and non-COVID periods, an empirical study was conducted to illustrate the framework. The results demonstrated that the proposed model exhibits higher predictive accuracy and greater robustness, compared to other models. This indicates the model’s effectiveness in forecasting the ITS of tourism demand.
Shaping mindful citizens: Practitioners’ motivations and aspirations for mindfulness in education
Authors: Hemming Peter J
Published: September 2023

Mindfulness meditation has enjoyed growing popularity in the UK over the last few decades and is increasingly found in many educational settings. To date, existing empirical research on mindfulness in education has focused primarily on its efficacy, rather than more sociological concerns. This article draws on qualitative data from a major research study entitled ‘Mapping Mindfulness in the UK’ to investigate the motivations and aspirations of mindfulness practitioners for promoting and delivering mindfulness in educational contexts. The analysis argues that some of the existing theoretical critiques of mindfulness as a neo-liberalising self-technology are too reductive and do not take adequate account of the views and experiences of practitioners. For participants in this study, mindfulness in education was more than an individualised self-help therapeutic tool, but was instead a uniquely versatile practice, representing multiple possibilities for individuals and society. The research makes significant contributions to several fields of sociological inquiry, including on mindfulness, mental health and wellbeing, and education and citizenship.
‘Fast-paced,' ‘snakey' and ‘commercial': How American student audiences make sense of representations of journalism in fictional television series
Authors: De Wulf Helskens Maxine , Van Leuven Sarah , Dhaenens Frederik
Published: September 2023

This study set out to understand how student audiences make sense of fictional representations of journalism in television series. To do so, we conducted five focus groups with American students. First, participants expressed a need for more diversity in representations of journalism in terms of narratives and characters as they see fiction as a complementary source of information on the profession. They relied on non-fictional reference media, normative journalistic discourses, and if applicable, experiences with working in (school) newsrooms to make sense of these representations. Second, they discussed how public opinion on journalism is influenced by fiction and consequently fear that one-sided and stereotypical representations of journalism contribute to increasing the already low levels of mistrust in U.S. news media. This fear was also found to be gendered as the participants expressed concerns about the stereotypical representation of female and minority journalists as “bitchy” and “promiscuous.” This manuscript puts forward journalism fiction as a metajournalistic discourse in which non-fictional and fictional journalism blur in confounding ways.
Epitope identification of a Lys63 linkage ubiquitin antibody by mass spectrometric epitope excision and extraction approaches
Authors: Jung Ji Eun , Cárdenas Vanessa , Petre Brîndușa Alina
Published: September 2023

Ubiquitin, a conserved protein in eukaryotic cells, exists as a monomer or polyubiquitin chains known as isopeptide-linked polymers. These chains are attached to a substrate or other ubiquitin molecules through a covalent bond between the α-amino group of lysine in ubiquitin and glycine in the C-terminal of the subsequent ubiquitin unit. The choice of the specific lysine residue in ubiquitin for forming ubiquitin–ubiquitin chains determines its biochemical and biological function. A detailed chemical structure–function evaluation of the respective polyubiquitin chain is required. Interestingly, specific lysine linkage polyubiquitin chains become covalently bonded to many pathological inclusions seen in serious human disease states which appear to be resistant to normal degradation, so the interaction between polyubiquitin chains and ubiquitin antibodies is very useful. For example, the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease and the Lewy bodies seen in Parkinson's disease are heavily ubiquitinated and can be readily visualized using specific ubiquitin antibodies. This study utilized synthetic ubiquitin building block peptides that contained various lysine residues (K6, K11, K33, K48, and K63) linked to a Gly–Gly dipeptide, with the aim of exploring the recognition specificity of the Lys63-polyubiquitin antibody. The interaction studies between different ubiquitin building blocks and the specific Lys63-ubiquitin (K63-Ub) antibody were performed by affinity-mass spectrometry (Affinity-MS) and immunoblotting which enables direct protein identification from biological material with unprecedented selectivity. Affinity-MS and dot blot data proved the specific binding of the K63-Ub antibody to the ubiquitin peptides containing Lys6 or Lys63 residues. In epitope excision for mass spectrometric epitope identification, the ubiquitin building block with Lys63 residue bound to the immobilized K63-Ub antibody was proteolytically cleaved using pronase. The resulting epitope and non-epitope fractions were subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight analysis, revealing that the epitope is located within the sequence ubiquitin(60–66). Epitope extraction-MS consistently confirmed these findings.
A truncated mean-parameterized Conway-Maxwell-Poisson model for the analysis of Test match bowlers
Authors: Philipson Peter M.
Published: September 2023

A truncated, mean-parameterized Conway-Maxwell-Poisson model is developed to handle under- and overdispersed count data owing to individual heterogeneity. The truncated nature of the data allows for a more direct implementation of the model than is utilized in previous work without too much computational burden. The model is applied to a large dataset of Test match cricket bowlers, where the data are in the form of small counts and range in time from 1877 to the modern day, leading to the inclusion of temporal effects to account for fundamental changes to the sport and society. Rankings of sportsmen and women based on a statistical model are often handicapped by the popularity of inappropriate traditional metrics, which are found to be flawed measures in this instance. Inferences are made using a Bayesian approach by deploying a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to obtain parameter estimates and to extract the innate ability of individual players. The model offers a good fit and indicates that there is merit in a more sophisticated measure for ranking and assessing Test match bowlers.
Engaging Appalachian Youth: Lessons Learned From a Virtual Tobacco Prevention and Advocacy Training
Authors: Martin Courtney , Estes Julia , Ickes Melinda
Published: September 2023

Engaging youth is recommended as a key component of comprehensive tobacco control to bring voice to youth perspective and to connect to community impact. Yet, limited research exists to showcase practical lessons learned in supporting skill development and engagement of youth. This practice note describes how a tailored prevention and advocacy virtual training can serve to engage and empower rural Appalachian high school students to participate in tobacco control efforts. Specifically, we describe the implementation and practical lessons learned from a two-session virtual tobacco prevention and advocacy training led by college facilitators. Participating high school students (N = 20) strongly agreed that tobacco use was a major problem facing their community and that addressing tobacco use should be prioritized. After participating in the training, students’ interpersonal confidence improved and participation in self-reported advocacy increased. Students also liked the virtual platform, interaction with college students, and the opportunity to apply information learned. Youth-focused tailored training promotes skill-building and enhances self-efficacy to engage in tobacco control. Youth engagement should be integral to supporting community health initiatives, including tobacco prevention.
Community-based Participant-observation (CBPO): A Participatory Method for Ethnographic Research
Authors: Roque Anais , Wutich Amber , Brewis Alexandra , Beresford Melissa , Landes Laura , Morales-Pate Olga , Lucero Ramon , Jepson Wendy , Tsai Yushiou , Hanemann Michael , Water Equity Consortium Action for
Published: September 2023

Community-based participant-observation purposefully combines participant-observation and community-based participatory research. While participant-observation is the core method of ethnography and foundational to cultural anthropology, community-based participatory research initially emerged from health and related applied sciences to align researchers’ and communities’ agendas through focused collaboration. Participant-observation and community-based participatory research have different scholarly origins and norms but are united in centering communities’ understandings on their terms. Combining the strengths of both, we provide a step-by-step explanation of community-based participant-observation, with examples from a study of water insecurity in colonias north of the U.S.–Mexico border. Using community-based participant-observation, researchers can facilitate the co-production of knowledge and community benefit by analyzing high-quality data that inform theory building and basic research.
TACE Combined with Lenvatinib and Camrelizumab for Unresectable Multiple Nodular and Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma (>5 cm)
Authors: Xiang Zhanwang , Li Guohong , Mu Luwen , Wang Haofan , Zhou Churen , Yan Huzheng , Huang Mingsheng
Published: September 2023

Background

The incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had increased globally over the past decades. Previous studies found that transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib had also shown efficacy in the unresectable HCC. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TACE combined with lenvatinib and camrelizumab to treat unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (>5 cm).

Materials and methods

Between November 2018 and June 2021, we retrospectively recruited 82 patients with unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (BCLC stage B or C with a single nodular diameter of >5 cm). Of the patients who had not previously been treated, 33 patients received TACE + lenvatinib + camrelizumab (group A, TLC), and 49 patients treated with TACE + lenvatinib (group B, TLB) as the initial treatment. Related efficacy and safety results were recorded and assessed.

Results

The median follow-up periods of groups A and B were 14.5 ± 7.9 months (range, 3-36) and 12.5 ± 8.2 months (range, 3-32), respectively (P = 0.799). The progression-free survival (PFS) of groups A and B was 9.4 months and 5.9 months (P < 0.01), respectively, and overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in group A (16.4 months vs 11.0 months, P < 0.01). In group A, the local response rate (LRR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 51.5% and 81.8%, respectively, which was higher than the corresponding 46.9% and 77.6% observed in group B (P = 0.233; 0.429). Patients with BCLC B stage had better PFS and OS (P < 0.05). The BCLC stage was an independent factor that affected PFS and OS. There were no massive bleeding or treatment-related deaths.

Conclusions

In patients with unresectable multiple nodular and large HCC (single nodular diameter of >5 cm), TACE combined with target therapy and immunotherapy is safe and effective.
Potential Medical Use of Fullerenols After Two Decades of Oncology Research
Authors: Injac Rade
Published: September 2023

Fullerenes are carbon molecules that are found in nature in various forms. They are composed of hexagonal and pentagonal rings that create closed structures. Almost 4 decades ago, fullerenes were identified in the form of C60 and C70, and following the award of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this discovery in 1996, many laboratories started working on their water-soluble derivatives that could be used in different industries, including pharmaceutical industries. One of the first fullerene forms that was the focus of different research groups was fullerenol, C60(OH) n ( n  =  2-44). Both in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown that polyhydroxylate fullerene derivatives can potentially be used as either antioxidative agents or cytostatics (depending on their co-administration, forms, and concentration/dose) in biological systems. The current review aimed to present a critical view of the potential applications and limitations of fullerenols in oncology, as understood from the past 2 decades of research.
How Can Women Take Advantage of the High-Tech Era to be Perceived as Effective Leaders? Being Tech-Savvy Helps
Authors: Nagpal Mahak , Cao Jieqiong , Mai Ke Michael , de Cremer David
Published: September 2023

Given the increasing use of intelligent technologies and the resulting requirement for leaders to be tech-savvy, an important question that emerges is whether perceptions of leadership effectiveness are changing too? Drawing from gender role theory and expectation violation theory, we propose and test a model of whether and how females can benefit from being tech-savvy. To explore whether women may stand to gain from the changing nature of the workforce or not, we ran a series of studies. Our data sources included a cross-sectional time-lagged field study and experimental studies with students and online adults. We found that a definitive skill of the current technological era, tech-savviness, changes perceptions and evaluations of female leaders in a much more positive way than it does for male leaders, as such allowing female leaders to be more likely to be perceived as effective leaders. The reason for the effect that tech-savvy women were more likely to be perceived as effective leaders was driven by the fact that tech-savvy women are seen as more competent and hence, attributed more social status. Our research goes beyond merely focusing on the negative effects of gender stereotypes by providing an actionable solution—that comes from promoting tech knowledge and savviness—for women to counter gender stereotypes that undermine them from being viewed as effective leaders.
When leaders disclose uncertainty: Effects of expressing internal and external uncertainty about a decision
Authors: Løhre Erik , Halvor Teigen Karl
Published: September 2023

It is generally assumed that decision-makers appear more competent and trustworthy when exuding confidence in their choices. However, many decisions are by their nature uncertain. Is it possible for a decision-maker to admit uncertainty and still be trusted? We propose that the communicated type of uncertainty may matter. Internal uncertainty, which signals lack of knowledge or a low degree of belief, may be viewed more negatively than external uncertainty, which is associated with randomness and complexity. The results of a series of experiments suggested that people viewed leaders as more competent when they expressed uncertainty about a decision in external (“It is uncertain”) rather than internal terms (“I am uncertain”), overall effect size d = 0.45 [0.16, 0.74]. Paradoxically, when asked directly, participants expressed that leaders should be open about uncertainty rather than exuding confidence and downplaying uncertainty. A final study suggested that decision makers were more willing to reveal uncertainty about a choice to others when they perceived the uncertainty as more external and less internal and expected more positive and fewer negative consequences from expressing external rather than internal uncertainty.
Talent development in childhood: Early specialization or sampling? From an either… or… question to a 2 × 2 × 3 question cuboid
Authors: Charbonnet Bryan , Conzelmann Achim
Published: September 2023

A central, yet still unresolved, question about optimal youth talent development asks whether children should specialize and train systematically in one sport— early specialization—or gain different playful experiences in several sports— early sampling. Based upon theoretical considerations, we problematize dichotomous discussions and offer a complex 2 × 2 × 3 question cuboid differentiating between two goals (performance in adulthood and positive youth development), two continuum-based dimensions (task-specificity and exercise mode), and three perspectives (nomothetic, group-specific, and idiographic). Accordingly, resolving the question about optimal youth talent development involves assembling answers derived from 12 different questions. Through our theoretical contribution, we identified several nomothetic principles offering stakeholders initial recommendations and orientations to estimate the appropriate need for high task-specificity and exercise mode in relation to each goal. We suggest adapting these recommendations according to group-specific characteristics, such as sport and age, and idiographic fine-tuning according to children's biopsychosocial characteristics.
Importance of fundamental movement skills to predict technical skills in youth grassroots soccer: A machine learning approach
Authors: Duncan Michael J. , Eyre Emma L. J. , Clarke Neil , Hamid Abdul , Jing Yanguo
Published: September 2023

This study determined the contributors to soccer technical skills in grassroots youth soccer players using a machine learning approach. One hundred and sixty-two boys aged 7 to 14 (mean ± SD = 10.5 ± 2.1) years, who were regularly engaged in grassroots soccer undertook assessments of anthropometry and maturity offset (the time from age at peak height velocity (APHV)), fundamental movement skills (FMS), perceived physical competence, and physical fitness and technical soccer skill using the University of Ghent dribbling test. Coaches rated player's overall soccer skills for their age. Statistical analysis was undertaken, using machine learning models to predict technical skills from the other variables. A stepwise recursive feature elimination with a 5-fold cross-validation method was used to eliminate the worst-performing features and both L1 and L2 regularisation were evaluated during the process. Five models (linear, ridge, lasso, random forest, and boosted trees) were then used in a heuristic approach using a small subset of suitable algorithms to achieve a reasonable level of accuracy within a reasonable time frame to make predictions and compare them to a test set to understand the predictive capabilities of the models. Results from the machine learning analysis indicated that the total FMS score (0 to 50) was the most important feature in predicting technical soccer skills followed by coach rating of child skills for their age, years of playing experience and APHV. Using a random forest, technical skills could be predicted with 99% accuracy in boys who play grassroots soccer, with FMS being the most important contributor.
The management of trigger fingers: commentary and personal opinion
Authors: Arrowsmith Jill
Published: September 2023

Trigger fingers are common. Although the options for management are well-described, including conservative measures such as steroid injection, or surgical options such as open or percutaneous release, there remains variations in the way these are administered. In addition, there is a recent emphasis on patient-reported outcome measures in this condition. The purpose of this further knowledge article is to look at three recently published articles to gather some evidence about best practice in the management of this painful but common condition.
Elective musculoskeletal surgery is associated with postoperative weight changes in pediatric and adolescent patients
Authors: Huang Sharon G , Wilson Philip L , Worrall Hannah M , Ramo Brandon A , Kapadia Ami , Ellis Henry B
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Patients of elective orthopedic surgeries often reduce activity levels during postoperative recovery. It is unclear whether these extended periods of modified activities lead to weight changes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in body mass index percentile in pediatric patients over 2.5 years following primary musculoskeletal surgeries.

Methods:

Institutional records for utilized current procedural terminology codes were used to identify patients aged 21 years or younger who underwent elective surgery at a single pediatric orthopedic institution between October 2016 and December 2018. Non-primary surgeries and patients without preoperative body mass index measurements were excluded. Demographic characteristics, height, weight, and body mass index within 30 months of surgery were collected. Body mass index relative to age was calculated. Analysis of body mass index changes at follow-up intervals of 3–7, 9–18, and 24–30 months after surgery was performed for the overall sample, within surgical categories, and within preoperative weight classifications.

Results:

A total of 1566 patients (53.1% female, average age 12.4 years) were included. Over one-third of patients were overweight or obese at presentation. The average change in body mass index percentile relative to baseline was increased at all follow-up intervals. Values reached significance at 9–18 months ( p = .002) and 24–30 months ( p = .001). While underweight and normal-weight patients had increased body mass index at all three timepoints, overweight or obese patients decreased.

Conclusions:

Patients undergoing elective orthopedic procedures may experience significant changes in body mass index percentile postoperatively. At extremes of weight, patients experience improvement toward the mean, but most patients may undergo body mass index increases beyond what would be expected during normal growth.

Level of evidence:

Retrospective level III.