bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiences of patients with advanced COPD affiliated to a cross‐sectorial outgoing lung team: A qualitative study
Authors: Refsgaard Birgit , Løkke Anders , Bregnballe Vibeke , Rodkjær Lotte
Published: February 2024

Aim

To explore experiences of patients affiliated to a cross‐sectorial outgoing lung team.

Background

The outgoing lung team consisted of respiratory nurses from the hospital and community nurses. The lung team offered 24/7 help to patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through visits and/or treatment in the patients' home. Affiliation to the lung team reduced both hospitalizations and length of hospital stay due to acute exacerbation of COPD. However, based on questionnaires on health‐related quality of life, no significant differences were found between patients affiliated to the lung team and patients receiving usual care.

Design

A qualitative interview study.

Methods

In total, 16 patients, aged 61–88 years were interviewed between February 2019 and July 2021. They had been affiliated to the outgoing lung team for 1–3 years. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted in the patients' home and audio‐recorded after informed consent was obtained. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed, inspired by systematic text condensation by Malterud.

Findings

Four themes emerged from the analysis: (1) feeling safe, (2) improvements in living with COPD, (3) avoiding hospitalization and (4) satisfied with staying at home.

Conclusion

Affiliation to the cross‐sectorial outgoing lung team gave the patients peace of mind and improved their ability to live with advanced COPD. The patients preferred contacting the lung team because they could stay at home and receive treatment, and thus avoid hospitalization.

Impact

The findings from this study support that municipalities should consider implementing an outgoing lung team, as it has the potential to bring several benefits, including improving patient self‐management.

Reporting Method

The manuscript adhered to Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) guideline.

Patient or Public Contribution

Patients were interviewed. Additionally, no patient or public contributed to the design or conduction of the study, analysis, or interpretation of the data.
Continuous reproduction of planktonic foraminifera in laboratory culture
Authors: Meilland Julie , Siccha Michael , Morard Raphaël , Kucera Michal
Published: February 2024

Planktonic foraminifera were long considered obligate sexual outbreeders but recent observations have shown that nonspinose species can reproduce by multiple fission. The frequency of multiple fission appears low but the survival rate of the offspring is high and specimens approaching fission can be distinguished. We made use of this observation and established a culturing protocol aimed at enhancing the detection and frequency of fission. Using this protocol, we selectively cultured specimens of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma and raised the frequency of reproduction by fission in culture from 3% in randomly selected specimens to almost 60%. By feeding the resulting offspring different strains of live diatoms, we obtained a thriving offspring population and during the subsequent 6 months of culturing, we observed two more successive generations produced by fission. This provides evidence that in nonspinose species of planktonic foraminifera, reproduction by multiple fission is likely clonal and corresponds to the schizont phase known from benthic foraminifera. We subsequently tested if a similar culturing strategy could be applied to Globigerinita glutinata, representing a different clade of planktonic foraminifera, and we were indeed able to obtain offspring via multiple fission in this species. This work opens new avenues for laboratory‐based experimental work with planktonic foraminifera.
Novel cytoskeletal traits in the intestinal parasites (Squirmida, Platyproteum vivax) of Pacific peanut worms (Sipuncula, Phascolosoma agassizii)
Authors: Currie‐Olsen Danja , Leander Brian S.
Published: February 2024

The cytoskeletal organization of a squirmid, namely Platyproteum vivax, was investigated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to refine inferences about convergent evolution among intestinal parasites of marine invertebrates. Platyproteum inhabits Pacific peanut worms (Phascolosoma agassizii) and has traits that are similar to other lineages of myzozoan parasites, namely gregarine apicomplexans within Selenidium, such as conspicuous feeding stages, called “trophozoites,” capable of dynamic undulations. SEM and CLSM of P. vivax revealed an inconspicuous flagellar apparatus and a uniform array of longitudinal microtubules organized in bundles (LMBs). Extreme flattening of the trophozoites and a consistently oblique morphology of the anterior end provided a reliable way to distinguish dorsal and ventral surfaces. CLSM revealed a novel system of microtubules oriented in the flattened dorsoventral plane. Most of these dorsoventral microtubule bundles (DVMBs) had a punctate distribution and were evenly spaced along a curved line spanning the longitudinal axis of the trophozoites. This configuration of microtubules is inferred to function in maintaining the flattened shape of the trophozoites and facilitate dynamic undulations. The novel traits in Platyproteum are consistent with phylogenomic data showing that this lineage is only distantly related to Selenidium and other marine gregarine apicomplexans with dynamic intestinal trophozoites.
First observation of a skate egg case nursery in the Ross Sea
Authors: Finucci Brittany , Chin Caroline , O'Neill Helen L. , White William T. , Pinkerton Matthew H.
Published: February 2024

Areas of importance to Southern Ocean skates are poorly defined. Here, we identify a deepwater skate egg case nursery in a discrete location at ~460 m depth off Cape Adare in the Southern Ocean. This is the first confirmed observation of a skate nursery area in the Ross Sea and only the second observation for the Southern Ocean. The morphology and size of the egg cases were consistent with the genus Bathyraja and most likely belong to the Bathyraja sp. (cf. eatonii). The nursery occurs within the “no take” General Protection Zone of the Ross Sea region marine protected area, where commercial fishing is prohibited.
Congruency and its related factors between patients' fall risk perception and nurses' fall risk assessment in acute care hospitals
Authors: Choi Jieun , Lee Sujin , Park Eunjin , Ku Sangha , Kim Sunhwa , Yu Wonhye , Jeong Eunmi , Park Sookhee , Park Yusun , Kim Sung Reul
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Inpatients need to recognize their fall risk accurately and objectively. Nurses need to assess how patients perceive their fall risk and identify the factors that influence patients' fall risk perception.

Purpose

This study aims to explore the congruency between nurses' fall risk assessment and patients' perception of fall risk and identify factors related to the non‐congruency of fall risk.

Designs

A descriptive and cross‐sectional design was used. The study enrolled 386 patients who were admitted to an acute care hospital. Six nurses assessed the participants' fall risk. Congruency was classified using the Morse Fall Scale for nurses and the Fall Risk Perception Questionnaire for patients.

Findings

The nurses' fall risk assessments and patients' fall risk perceptions were congruent in 57% of the participants. Underestimation of the patient's risk of falling was associated with gender (women), long hospitalization period, department (orthopedics), low fall efficacy, and history of falls before hospitalization. Overestimation of fall risk was associated with age group, gender (men), department, and a high health literacy score. In the multiple logistic regression, the factors related to the underestimation of fall risk were hospitalization period and department, and the factors related to the overestimation of fall risk were health literacy and department.

Conclusions

Nurses should consider the patient's perception of fall risk and incorporate it into fall prevention interventions.

Clinical Relevance

Nurses need to evaluate whether patients perceive the risk of falling consistently. For patients who underestimate or overestimate their fall risk, it may be helpful to consider clinical and fall‐related characteristics together when evaluating their perception of fall risk.
A q$q$ Theory of Internal Capital Markets
Authors: DAI MIN , GIROUD XAVIER , JIANG WEI , WANG NENG
Published: February 2024

We propose a tractable model of dynamic investment, spinoffs, financing, and risk management for a multidivision firm facing costly external finance. Our analysis formalizes the following insights: (i) Within‐firm resource allocation is based not only on divisions' productivity, as in winner‐picking models, but also their risk; (ii) firms may voluntarily spin off productive divisions to increase liquidity; (iii) diversification can reduce firm value in low‐liquidity states, as it increases the spinoff cost and hampers liquidity management; (iv) corporate socialism makes liquidity less valuable; and (v) division investment is determined by the ratio between marginal and marginal value of cash.
Letrozole cotreatment progestin‐primed ovarian stimulation in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Zhang Ying , Diao Honglu , Jiang Shengfang , Zhang Changjun
Published: February 2024

Aim

To investigate the impact of letrozole cotreatment progestin‐primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) (Le PPOS) in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and the pregnancy outcomes in frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycles.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). A total of 2575 cycles were included (1675 in the Le PPOS group and 900 in the PPOS group). The primary outcome was the clinical pregnancy rates. The secondary outcome was the live birth rates.

Results

In this study, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to create a perfect match of 379 patients in each group. After matching, the numbers of oocytes retrieved, mature oocytes, fertilization, and clinical pregnancy rates were more favorable in the Le PPOS group than in the PPOS group (all p < 0.05). The multivariable analysis showed that the clinical pregnancy rate was higher in the Le PPOS than in the PPOS group (odds ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–2.04, p = 0.024) after adjusting for potentially confounding factors (age, anti‐Müllerian hormone levels, antral follicular count, the type of embryo transferred, number of transferred embryos, body mass index, and follicular stimulating hormone and estradiol levels on starting day).

Conclusions

This retrospective study with a limited sample size suggests that the Le PPOS protocol might be an alternative to the PPOS protocol in women undergoing COS and could lead to better pregnancy outcomes. The results should be confirmed using a formal randomized controlled trial.
Critical Management Studies: A Critical Review
Authors: Spicer André , Alvesson Mats
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we review the development of critical management studies, point at problems and explore possible developments. We begin by tracing out two previous waves of critical management studies. We then focus on more recent work in critical management studies and identify ten over‐arching themes (Academia, alternatives organizations, control and resistance, discourse, Foucauldian studies, gender, identity, Marxism, post‐colonialism, and psychoanalysis). We argue that CMS has largely relied on one‐dimensional critique which focused on negation. This has made the field increasingly stale, focused on the usual suspects and predictable. We identify a number of problems calling for critique and rethinking. We label these author‐itarianism, obscurantism, formulaic radicalism, usual‐suspectism and empirical light‐touchism.
Non‐invasive measurement of glucocorticoids: The reptile perspective
Authors: Carbajal A. , Serres‐Corral P. , Olvera‐Maneu S. , López‐Béjar M.
Published: February 2024

Recent advancements in stress physiology, driven by the relevance of the stress response in animal welfare and conservation, have focused on alternative techniques beyond blood sampling for measuring glucocorticoids (GC). While blood samples have been traditionally used, practical and ethical concerns have spurred exploration into minimally invasive media like saliva, feces, milk, hair, and feathers. This review addresses the dearth of research on reptile endocrinology, offering insights into measuring GC or their metabolites in reptiles through various biological tissues. It underscores the importance of considering temporal dynamics in stress response evaluation and advocates for further exploration of alternative tools to enhance our understanding of reptilian stress responses.
Recovery from deep coma with roving eye movement: A case report and prognostic review
Authors: Madokoro Yuta , Mizuno Masayuki , Inoue Hiroyasu , Oomura Masahiro , Okita Kenji , Matsukawa Noriyuki
Published: February 2024

Roving eye movement (RoEM), commonly seen in unconscious patients with significant cortical dysfunction but without apparent brainstem damage, has unclear prognostic significance. We describe a case of presumed hypoglycemic encephalopathy with RoEM, where the patient emerged from a 4‐day coma. While previous reports often associate RoEM cases with poor prognosis, cases with favorable outcomes exist, particularly among young patients or those with reversible conditions. Our findings highlight the variable neurological prognosis of RoEM, suggesting the possibility of improved consciousness and neurological recovery in certain pathologies, thus enhancing our understanding of RoEM's implications.
Deteriorating neurological symptoms of Degos disease despite the treatment with eculizumab and beraprost: A case report with detailed radiological findings
Authors: Nakamura Yamato , Sawamura Masanori , Miyazaki Tatsuhiko , Muramatsu Aya , Suzuki Makoto , Yagi Hiroaki , Hori Akinobu , Katsuyama Yusuke , Yoshida Hidefumi , Kim Kang , Yamada Hiroshi , Takahashi Ryosuke , Harada Kiyoshi
Published: February 2024

Degos disease is a rare vasculopathy with a poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of a 17‐year‐old Japanese male with Degos disease who exhibited progressive deterioration of neurological symptoms despite treatment with eculizumab and beraprost. We also report detailed radiological findings including brain magnetic resonance imaging and perfusion computed tomography, and hereby suggest the importance of the perfusion study in detecting early changes associated with Degos disease.
Prediction of liver metastasis and recommended optimal follow‐up nursing in rectal cancer
Authors: Yu Yilin , Wu Junxin , Wu Haixia , Qiu Jianjian , Wu Shiji , Hong Liang , Xu Benhua , Shao Lingdong
Published: February 2024

We aimed to analyze and investigate the clinical factors that influence the occurrence of liver metastasis in locally advanced rectal cancer patients, with an attempt to assist patients in devising the optimal imaging‐based follow‐up nursing. Between June 2011 and May 2021, patients with rectal cancer at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. A random survival forest model was developed to predict the probability of liver metastasis and provide a practical risk‐based approach to surveillance. The results indicated that age, perineural invasion, and tumor deposit were significant factors associated with the liver metastasis and survival. The liver metastasis risk of the low‐risk group was higher at 6–21 months, with a peak occurrence time in the 15th month. The liver metastasis risk of the high‐risk group was higher at 0–24 months, with a peak occurrence time in the 8th month. In general, our clinical model could predict liver metastasis in rectal cancer patients. It provides a visualization tool that can aid physicians and nurses in making clinical decisions, by detecting the probability of liver metastasis.
Resting cell formation in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana
Authors: Wang Guangning , Huang Lu , Zhuang Shanshan , Han Fang , Huang Qianqian , Hao Mengyuan , Lin Guifang , Chen Longnan , Shen Biying , Li Feng , Li Xuesong , Chen Changping , Gao Yahui , Mock Thomas , Liang Junrong
Published: February 2024

Resting cells represent a survival strategy employed by diatoms to endure prolonged periods of unfavourable conditions. In the oceans, many diatoms sink at the end of their blooming season and therefore need to endure cold and dark conditions in the deeper layers of the water column. How they survive these conditions is largely unknown.

We conducted an integrative analysis encompassing methods from histology, physiology, biochemistry, and genetics to reveal the biological mechanism of resting‐cell formation in the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana.

Resting‐cell formation was triggered by a decrease in light and temperature with subsequent catabolism of storage compounds. Resting cells were characterised by an acidic and viscous cytoplasm and altered morphology of the chloroplast ultrastructure.

The formation of resting cells in T. pseudonana is an energy demanding process required for a biophysical alteration of the cytosol and chloroplasts to endure the unfavourable conditions of the deeper ocean as photosynthetic organisms. However, most resting cells (> 90%) germinate upon return to favorable growth conditions.
Fusobacterium nucleatum dysregulates inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasomes in oral cells
Authors: Sun Jingzhuo , Feng Susu , Ding Tian , Wang Ting , Du Lingqian , Kang Wenyan , Ge Shaohua
Published: February 2024

Objective

This study aimed to clarify the difference in Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) induced inflammatory cytokines and nod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes dysregulation among three periodontal cells.

Methods

Oral epithelial cells (HIOECs), THP‐1 macrophages, and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were exposed to F. nucleatum with/without adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nigericin (Nig). Cell morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. qRT‐PCR, protein microarrays, and bioinformatic methods were used to evaluate the cytokines and their complex interplay. NLRP3 inflammasomes activation was detected by western blotting and ELISA.

Results

F. nucleatum adhered to and invaded cells. In HIOECs, F. nucleatum enhanced interleukin (IL)‐1α/1β/6/10/13, TNF‐α, and interferon (IFN)‐γ expression. In THP‐1 macrophages, F. nucleatum up‐regulated IL‐1α/1β/6/10 and TNF‐α levels. In HGFs, F. nucleatum increased IL‐6 levels. F. nucleatum and ATP synergistically boosted IFN‐γ level in THP‐1 macrophages and IL‐13 level in HGFs. IL‐1α/1β/6, and TNF‐α served as epicenters of the inflammatory response. Additionally, F. nucleatum activated NLRP3 inflammasomes in HIOECs, and ATP/Nig boosted the activation. F. nucleatum also triggered NLRP3 inflammasomes in THP‐1 macrophages, but in HGFs, only NLRP3 and caspase‐1 levels were elevated.

Conclusion

F. nucleatum infiltrated periodontal supporting cells and dysregulated inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasomes.
Analyzing arguments in executive veto messages
Authors: Koss Joshua , Ostrander Ian , Sievert Joel
Published: February 2024

The executive veto is one of the most important instruments of presidential power within the legislative arena. Because of constitutional requirements, every regular veto and many pocket vetoes are accompanied by a short letter to Congress from the president describing—often in detail—the reasoning behind the decision to veto. As such, these messages form a unique window into interbranch and partisan conflict over time. While analyses have been conducted on the broad patterns of veto use, questions remain concerning presidential motivations for vetoing as well as how these motivations have evolved over time along with changing political institutions. Using a data set of approximately 2000 unique veto messages from the first in 1792 to the last of President Trump's vetoes in 2021, we examine the content of veto messages to uncover the number and kind of arguments used by presidents when addressing Congress over vetoed legislation. Our analysis uncovers significant variation, with the evolution of arguments within veto messages mirroring broader political trends.
Effects of portraying an innocent versus non‐innocent identified victim on intentions to donate organs post‐mortem
Authors: Sinclair Samantha , Blomberg Ida , Ling Samuel
Published: February 2024

The need for more people to register as organ donors is a pressing concern. This preregistered experiment examined whether portraying a patient in need of an organ transplant as leading a healthy lifestyle (an “innocent victim”) can serve to increase people's intentions to register as post‐mortem organ donors. Participants not previously registered as organ donors (N = 348) were randomly assigned to an innocent identified victim, non‐innocent identified victim, or statistical victims condition. The identified victim was a 42 year‐old woman in need of a liver transplant. The experimental manipulation produced marginally significant effects on self‐reported intentions to register as an organ donor. Moreover, participants in the innocent victim condition were more likely relative to those in the non‐innocent victim condition to sign up on an e‐mail list to receive additional information about organ donation.
Examining the integrated model of the interpersonal‐psychological theory of suicide and intersectionality theory among Black male adolescents
Authors: Douglas Robyn D. , Alli Jasmine O. , Gaylord‐Harden Noni , Opara Ijeoma , Gilreath Tamika
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Guided by Opara et al.'s (2022), Integrated Model of the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide and Intersectionality Theory, the current study examined contextual stressors experienced disparately by Black youth (racial discrimination, poverty, and community violence) as moderators of the association between individual motivating factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and hopelessness) and active suicidal ideation.

Method

Participants were 457 Black adolescent boys (mean age = 15.31, SD = 1.26) who completed self‐report surveys.

Results

As predicted, the association between perceived burdensomeness and active suicidal ideation was significantly moderated by economic stress. In addition, the association between peer belongingness and suicidal ideation was significantly moderated by racial discrimination, but there were no moderating effects for school belongingness. Finally, the association between hopelessness and suicidal ideation was significantly moderated by both racial discrimination and witnessing community violence.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the need for research, interventions, and policy work devoted to using integrated approaches of individual and socioeconomically relevant patterns of suicidal thoughts and behaviors to support Black youth exposed to various forms of structural oppression.
The TRAPPIII subunit, Trs85, has a dual role in the trafficking of cellulose synthase complexes in Arabidopsis
Authors: Allen Holly , Zhu Xiaoyu , Li Shundai , Gu Ying
Published: February 2024

Plant cell walls are essential for defining plant growth and development, providing structural support to the main body and responding to abiotic and biotic cues. Cellulose, the main structural polymer of plant cell walls, is synthesized at the plasma membrane by cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs). The construction and transport of CSCs to and from the plasma membrane is poorly understood but is known to rely on the coordinated activity of cellulose synthase‐interactive protein 1 (CSI1), a key regulator of CSC trafficking. In this study, we found that Trs85, a TRAPPIII complex subunit, interacted with CSI1 in vitro. Using functional genetics and live‐cell imaging, we have shown that trs85‐1 mutants have reduced cellulose content, stimulated CSC delivery, an increased population of static CSCs and deficient clathrin‐mediated endocytosis in the primary cell wall. Overall, our findings suggest that Trs85 has a dual role in the trafficking of CSCs, by negatively regulating the exocytosis and clathrin‐mediated endocytosis of CSCs.
Molecular analysis of the role of polymerase theta in gene targeting in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kralemann Lejon E. M. , van Tol Niels , Hooykaas Paul J. J. , Tijsterman Marcel
Published: February 2024

Precise genetic modification can be achieved via a sequence homology‐mediated process known as gene targeting (GT). Whilst established for genome engineering purposes, the application of GT in plants still suffers from a low efficiency for which an explanation is currently lacking. Recently reported reduced rates of GT in A. thaliana deficient in polymerase theta (Polθ), a core component of theta‐mediated end joining (TMEJ) of DNA breaks, have led to the suggestion of a direct involvement of this enzyme in the homology‐directed process. Here, by monitoring homology‐driven gene conversion in plants with CRISPR reagent and donor sequences pre‐integrated at random sites in the genome (in planta GT), we demonstrate that Polθ action is not required for GT, but instead suppresses the process, likely by promoting the repair of the DNA break by end‐joining. This finding indicates that lack of donor integration explains the previously established reduced GT rates seen upon transformation of Polθ‐deficient plants. Our study additionally provides insight into ectopic gene targeting (EGT), recombination events between donor and target that do not map to the target locus. EGT, which occurs at similar frequencies as “true” GT during transformation, was rare in our in planta GT experiments arguing that EGT predominantly results from target locus recombination with nonintegrated T‐DNA molecules. By describing mechanistic features of GT our study provides directions for the improvement of precise genetic modification of plants.
Influence of a single locking throw on the in vitro holding security of five friction throws
Authors: Wood Chris , Monnet Eric
Published: February 2024

Objective

To compare the in vitro security of four different friction throws (square, surgeon's, Miller's, and strangle), with and without a locking throw, and a slip knot, on a vascular ligation model.

Study design

Experimental study.

Sample population

Nine groups with nine samples per group.

Methods

Four throws (square, surgeon's, Miller's, and strangle), with and without a locking throw, and a square throw locked in slip knot fashion, were tested to measure leakage pressure.

Results

The square and surgeon's throws leaked at a lower pressure than the Miller's and strangle throws (p < .0001). The leakage pressure was below physiologic arterial pressure for the square and the surgeon's throws. After the addition of a locking throw, the five knots leaked at a similar pressure (p = .5233) above physiologic arterial pressure.

Conclusion

Following the addition of a locking throw, all the constructs tested in this study leaked at a similar pressure. The leakage pressure for all knots exceeded physiologic arterial pressures.

Clinical significance

Any throw tested may be appropriate for secure vascular ligation if the initial throw is applied correctly.
The use of lateral arthroscopy portals for the management of a fragmented lateral coronoid process in an English Bulldog
Authors: Vernier Timothy H. , Verpaalen Valentine D. , Hinson Whitney D. , Belhorn Stephanie A. , Giglio Robson F.
Published: February 2024

Objective

To report a case of unilateral lateral coronoid process fragmentation in a dog treated via lateral elbow arthroscopy portals.

Animal

A 9‐month old male intact English Bulldog.

Study design

Case report.

Methods

The dog presented with a history of intermittent right thoracic limb lameness. Orthopedic examination on presentation was unremarkable. Computed tomography of the right thoracic limb was pursued and revealed a mineralized focus along the lateral margin of the lateral coronoid process as well as sclerosis of the medial coronoid process and subtrochlear region of the ulna. Elbow arthroscopy was performed via a lateral approach and revealed chondromalacia of the entire lateral coronoid process. Abrasion arthroplasty of the lateral coronoid process was performed.

Results

Complete resolution of the lameness was achieved within two weeks of surgery. At 6 weeks postoperatively, the dog remained sound and a gradual return to normal activity was recommended. At the final follow up assessment, 5 months after surgery, no abnormalities were found on orthopedic examination and the owners reported excellent limb function with no observable lameness.

Conclusion

Lateral coronoid disease can occur as a rare component of elbow dysplasia in dogs. Abrasion arthroplasty via lateral arthroscopic portals may have resulted in a successful outcome in this case and may form an effective treatment option for lateral coronoid disease in dogs.
Developing Intercultural Competence of Educators: Self-Regulated Learning Perspective
Authors: Celinska Dorota
Published: February 2024

With the increase in globalization, intercultural competence is considered a key proficiency for educators. While many theoretical frameworks of intercultural competence exist, none have explained the development of this competence from the perspective of a self-regulated learner. The self-regulated intercultural learning process capitalizes on the advantages of self-assessment, self-directed learning, and reflection on unique experience. In alignment with a research-based self-regulated learning model, a series of evidence based interconnected activities was developed to guide and assess the intercultural learning for educators. Each phase within the sequential self-regulated learning process is facilitated by purposefully selected readings and media and originally designed semi-structured activities that are subsequently augmented by guided reflections and self-evaluations. The adaptability and cost-consciousness of the series allows for integrating it as an efficient and effective component of intercultural pre-service coursework and/or in-service professional development, for both individuals and teams.
Preparing Students to Move into Societal Roles as Leaders
Authors: Bowman Richard F.
Published: February 2024

Leadership instruction in academic environments involves teaching and practicing the social and emotional skills of leadership. In practice, leadership is about the ability to connect with the perspectives and emotions of others. This paper illustrates how to create four distinctive leadership mindsets in a classroom setting: (a) Living sustainably, (b) Race-conscious leadership, (c) Discovering self-worth, and (d) Conceptualizing leadership development through passions, principles, partners, and plans.
Virtual Idol and Youth Identity: The Impact of Mainstream Culture on the Virtual Idol Online Fanbase Community in China
Authors: Song Liuyan , Chow Ow Wei , Na Mingyu , Sarjit S. Gill
Published: February 2024

Virtual idols originated in Japan and are mainly composed of singing synthesizers, virtual reality technology, and ACG (anime-comics-games) cultural elements, which is a subcultural phenomenon. In recent years, the growing fanbase of virtual idols has attracted the attention of mainstream media and government in China. The state media in China have used virtual idols as a medium to promote mainstream culture to Chinese young people, and influence fans' youth identity by injecting mainstream culture into virtual idols' musical works, stage performances, and public opinion propaganda. This research will use a virtual ethnographic approach to explore the impact of the mainstreaming of virtual idols and their music on online fanbase communities. The study concludes that under the influence of mainstream culture, virtual idol subculture in China has gradually become mainstream, and its fanbase has also experienced a transformation from post-subcultural group identity to national identity. This study provides new insights into the musical phenomenon of the mainstreaming of virtual idols in China from the perspective of post-subculture theory and identity.
Perfluorobutane (Sonazoid) Contrast-enhanced ultrasound to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yujia , Zhu Wenjun , Yi Yunyun , Cao Huali , Chen Fan , Zhu Qinling
Published: February 2024

Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to assess the precision of Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from focal liver lesions (FLLs).Material and methods: The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched and checked for studies using Sonazoid CEUS to characterize HCC. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, involving data pooling, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and investigation of publication bias.Results: The meta-analysis included fourteen studies. The overall diagnostic accuracy for characterizing HCC was as follows (all ranges show the 95% confidence interval): pooled sensitivity of 0.87 (0.80–0.92), pooled specificity of 0.95 (0.91–0.97), and a diagnostic odds ratio of 121 (61–241). The overall weighted area under the curve was 0.97 (0.95–0.98). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio for Sonazoid and Sonovue were 0.75 (0.63– 0.84), 0.97 (0.86–0.99), 82 (15–445); and 0.64 (0.51–0.76), 0.98 (0.91–0.99), 72 (17–311), respectively. The sources of heterogeneity were identified as the study location, prevailing risk factor, reference diagnosis standard, criteria of Sonazoid CUES, and the proportion of cases of HCC. We observed no potential publication bias.Conclusion: Sonazoid CEUS is efficient to distinguish HCC from FLLs, with good sensitivity and specificity. It is comparable to Sonovue CEUS to diagnose HCC.
Are Irish Athletic Therapy Students Confident in Concussion Assessment and Management? A Cross-Sectional Study of Final Year Students’ Self-Efficacy
Authors: Postawa Anna P. , Whyte Enda F. , O’Connor Siobhán
Published: February 2024

Concussion is one of the most challenging injuries for sports medicine clinicians. It is crucial that students develop high self-efficacy for concussion-relevant skills during professional education, as it impacts the quality of their patient care. This study aimed to explore Irish final year athletic therapy students’ self-efficacy in concussion assessment and management and the factors that impact its development. Participants’ level of self-efficacy varied, from low to high, depending on the skill assessed. Lack of practice and lecturer’s positive feedback impacted student self-efficacy the most. Educators should provide students with an opportunity to practice their skills in an environment that facilitates feedback.
Barriers and Enablers for Physical Activity Engagement Among Individuals From India With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Matpady Prabhath , Maiya Arun G. , Saraswat Pallavi P. , Rao Chythra R. , Pai Mamatha Shivananda , Anupama Shekarappa D. , Shetty Jeevan K. , Umakanth Shashikiran
Published: February 2024

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex, chronic condition that can cause multiple complications due to poor glycemic control. Self-management plays a crucial role in the management of T2DM. Lifestyle modifications, including physical activity (PA), are fundamental for self-management. This study explored the knowledge, perception, practice, enablers, and barriers of PA among individuals with T2DM. Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted among individuals with T2DM in Udupi taluk, India. A cross-sectional survey (n = 467) followed by an in-depth interview (n = 35) was performed. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis, respectively. Results: About half (48.8%) of the participants engaged in PA of which 28.3% had an adequate score in the practice of PA. Walking was the most preferred mode. Self-realization, Comprehension, perception, and source of information, PA training, Current PA practices, enablers and barriers for PA were 6 themes derived under knowledge, perception, and practice of PA. Conclusion: Despite knowing the importance of PA, compliance with PA was poor. The personal/internal, societal, and external factors constituted the trinity of barriers and enablers in compliance with PA. Behavioral changes, societal changes, policy initiatives, and PA training in health care settings may enhance PA practice among individuals with T2DM.
Effective Instruction and Curricular Models: What Do We Know About Student Learning Outcomes in Physical Education?
Authors: Hodges-Kulinna Pamela , Wahl-Alexander Zach , Nam Kahyun , Kinder Christopher
Published: February 2024

This essay aims to elucidate effective teaching through the utilization of instructional models in physical education. In this essay, Rink’s seven essential teaching tasks provide the foundational structure, complemented by an examination of four legitimate student outcomes in physical education: physical, cognitive, social, and affective domains. A literature review of 222 research studies on teaching effectiveness of nine instructional models reporting on teacher behaviors and student outcomes was coded following a four-step reliability coding process to establish a consensus on the articles included. This essay serves as a resource for comprehending the application of instructional models in physical education curricula, highlighting the need for continuous research into their efficacy and the replication of studies to validate outcomes across various educational settings. In addition, it highlights the importance of integrating K–16 teacher assessment data within these models to demonstrate the educational impact across learning domains.
Social Justice and Physical Education in the United States: The Need for New Maps
Authors: Landi Dillon , Sutherland Sue
Published: February 2024

This paper is a reflection, a critique, and, hopefully, an inspiration to think about how future generations can reshape physical education in the United States. To do so, we first pay homage to our pioneers, who, we argue, were transformative leaders because they used research to respond to the sociopolitical issues of their time. In saying this, we reflect on how these ideas from that time were critically important but have also been developed for a different time, place, and demographic of people. We then trace the social justice research in the United States by highlighting the promises and pitfalls of current scholarship because it often asks “tough questions” but provides “weak solutions.” To conclude, we believe that the future of physical education needs to be about allowing those “new voices” to become the future leaders of our field. In so doing, they will change the landscape of physical education knowledge, movement, and practices.
Experience of multidisciplinary medical teams on humanistic palliative care in oncology wards: a descriptive qualitative study in Southern China
Authors: Liang Mengna , Liang Jingzhang , Xu Jiefang , Chen Qian , Lu Qiaocong
Published: February 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to explore the experiences of multidisciplinary medical teams in implementing humanistic palliative care within the oncology ward.

Design

Purposive and snowball sampling methods were used in this qualitative study, which involved conducting semistructured interviews to gather personal experiences from members of multidisciplinary medical teams providing humanistic palliative care in the oncology ward.

Setting

The research was conducted in the oncology ward of a tertiary hospital located in Foshan, China.

Participants

Participants included 4 doctors, 12 nurses and 2 medical social workers who form the multidisciplinary medical team responsible for delivering humanistic palliative care to patients with cancer in oncology wards.

Results

Phenomenological qualitative analysis yielded 3 main themes and 9 subthemes. The identified themes were as follows: (1) conceptual change, (2) concrete actions and (3) facilitators and barriers to the implementation of humanistic palliative care.

Conclusion

The findings suggest a need for strengthening humanistic consciousness among multidisciplinary palliative care teams working in oncology wards, although there has been a gradual improvement in humanistic care behaviours. Furthermore, facilitators and barriers coexist in the implementation of humanistic palliative care. Efforts should be directed towards refining mechanisms that promote humanistic palliative care, fostering the enthusiasm of healthcare professionals, conducting systematic training to enhance their humanistic care abilities and striving for improvements in the quality of medical services for the benefit of both patients and their families.
Comparison of non-pharmaceutical treatments for evaporative dry eye: a randomised controlled study protocol
Authors: Chen Jiayan , Qin Guanghao , Yu Sile , Moore Jonathan , Xu Ling , He Wei , Pazo Emmanuel Eric , He Xingru
Published: February 2024

Introduction

The lipid layer of the tear film is critical to maintaining the integrity of the tear film and absence in the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) is one of the main causes of evaporative dry eye (EDE) in dry eye disease patients, resulting in excessive evaporation (so-called hyperevaporative dry eye). This study protocol will be designed to assess and compare the effects of intense pulsed light (IPL), heated eye mask (HEM), vectored thermal pulsation system (VTPS) and eyelid massage device (EMD) for improving signs and symptoms of EDE.

Methods and analysis

Patients with EDE will be randomly divided into IPL, HEM, VTPS and EMD groups and will be followed up for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure will be non-invasive tear breakup time (NITBUT). The secondary outcome measures will include, TFLL score, meibomian gland quality and expressibility change from baseline conjunctivocorneal staining with fluorescein and lissamine, tear meniscus height, conjunctival hyperaemia (redness score) and ocular surface disease index questionnaire. Additionally, adverse events will be monitored and documented.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval number: IRB(2023)K019.01. The findings will be shared regardless of the effect’s direction.

Trial registration number

NCT05923528.
A thermo-mechanical model for saturated and unsaturated soil–structure interfaces
Authors: Cui Sheqiang , Zhou Chao
Published: February 2024

Shear behaviour of soil–structure interfaces greatly affects the performance of geotechnical structures. The soil–structure interfaces in geothermal structures (e.g., energy pile and energy wall) are often subjected to varying temperature and suction conditions. However, there is no constitutive model to simulate the coupled effects of suction and temperature on the shear behaviour of soil–structure interfaces. In this study, a thermo-mechanical model was newly developed based on the bounding surface plasticity framework to predict the thermo-mechanical behaviour of saturated and unsaturated interfaces. A power function was used to calculate the degree of saturation at the interface and improve the evaluation of suction effects on interface shear strength. A linear relationship between temperature and interface critical state friction angle was proposed to incorporate thermal effects. New equations were also proposed to describe the critical state lines (CSLs) in the void ratio versus stress plane ( e-[Formula: see text]) and to model the shearing-induced deformation at various temperatures and suctions. The experimental data from different interfaces in the literature were used to evaluate the model capability. Comparisons between measured and computed results suggest that this model can well capture the coupled effects of temperature, suction, and net normal stress on the shear behaviour of interfaces.
Rotating hybrid axion-miniboson stars
Authors: Zeng Yan-Bo , Cui Si-Yuan , Li Hong-Bo , Sun Shi-Xian , Zhang Yu-Peng , Wang Yong-Qiang
Published: February 2024

We construct rotating hybrid axion-miniboson stars (RHABSs), which are asymptotically flat, stationary, axially symmetric solutions of (3+1)-dimensional Einstein–Klein–Gordon theory. RHABSs consist of an axion field (ground state) and a free complex scalar field (first excited state). The solutions of RHABSs have two types of nodes, including $$^1S^2S$$

1

S
2

S

state and $$^1S^2P$$

1

S
2

P

state. For different axion decay constants $$f_a$$

f
a

, we present the mass M of RHABSs as a function of the synchronized frequency, as well as the nonsynchronized frequency, and explore the mass M versus the angular momentum J for the synchronized frequency and the nonsynchronized frequency, respectively. Furthermore, we study the effect of axion decay constant $$f_a$$

f
a

and free scalar field mass $$\mu _f$$

μ
f

on the existence domain of the synchronized frequency $$\omega $$
ω
.
Edge Computing Transformers for Fall Detection in Older Adults
Authors: Fernandez-Bermejo Jesús , Martinez-del-Rincon Jesús , Dorado Javier , Toro Xavier del , Santofimia María J. , Lopez Juan C.
Published: February 2024

The global trend of increasing life expectancy introduces new challenges with far-reaching implications. Among these, the risk of falls among older adults is particularly significant, affecting individual health and the quality of life, and placing an additional burden on healthcare systems. Existing fall detection systems often have limitations, including delays due to continuous server communication, high false-positive rates, low adoption rates due to wearability and comfort issues, and high costs. In response to these challenges, this work presents a reliable, wearable, and cost-effective fall detection system. The proposed system consists of a fit-for-purpose device, with an embedded algorithm and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), enabling real-time fall detection. The algorithm combines a Threshold-Based Algorithm (TBA) and a neural network with low number of parameters based on a Transformer architecture. This system demonstrates notable performance with 95.29% accuracy, 93.68% specificity, and 96.66% sensitivity, while only using a 0.38% of the trainable parameters used by the other approach.
THE DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF CREDIT POLICY ON REAL ESTATE PRICES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CLUB CONVERGENCE
Authors: ZHANG XIAOYU , HUANG QINYI
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the differential effects of credit policy in the context of real estate price convergence in China. First, we analyze the real estate price convergence of 35 large and medium-sized cities in China using [Formula: see text] convergence and club convergence methods. Subsequently, based on the convergence situation, we use panel models to compare the heterogeneous effects of the credit policy regulation of different clubs. The findings are as follows. (1) In terms of overall convergence, the findings confirm that there is no [Formula: see text] convergence in China’s real estate prices. Prices in each city do not show a trend of convergence to the total mean. (2) There are currently four convergence clubs and one divergence group in terms of regional convergence. Cities with similar initial price levels have similar structural characteristics and tend to converge to their respective local steady states. GDP per capita and population density are the main driving forces for the formation of a real estate price convergence club. (3) We show that the credit scale has a statistically positive impact on the real estate price, and the credit scales of various convergence clubs have different effects on real estate prices. Clubs with more developed real estate and financial markets are more sensitive to changes in credit policy.