bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Laws and Their Spirit
Authors: Šljivić Dragan , Cvetićanin Neven
Published: July 2021

The Orthodox Christianity had in some respects divergent development from that of the West, which also resulted in several conceptions that might have had an impact on the contemporary legal situations in the predominantly Orthodox countries. In this contribution we aim at examining the impact of two major points of divergence. One is the cooperative Church–state separation, that is sometimes dubbed as the symphonia of the two. Another set of concepts that arguably marked Orthodox church’s understanding of the rule of law, at least in its internal procedures, is the principle of leniency (oikonomia). It allows for an interpretation of the laws in the interest of the person to which those are to be applied. We want to investigate which pieces of legislation might have been affected by these considerations and whether contemporary challenges of the legal system in Serbia can be traced to some of the Orthodox doctrines. We conclude that while the contemporary Church–state relationship, as envisioned in the corresponding law of the country, demonstrates many traits that can be traced to the symphonia tradition, there is hardly any evidence that would support the claim that the decision-making processes in Serbian courts were marked by conscious application of the principle of oikonomia.
Fiqh Reconsidered: Indigenization and Universalization of Islamic Law in Indonesia
Authors: Lohlker Rüdiger
Published: July 2021

Developments in the Islamic world outside of the MENA region traditionally receive little scientific attention. Contrary to this trend, this article focuses on current debates on and developments in the methodology of Islamic Law in Indonesia that are intertwined with the larger process referred to as ‘indigenization of Islam’ in the Southeast Asian country. The pluralistic nature of law in Indonesia leaves room for a rather theoretical and non-juridical discussion of fiqh and enables a renewed exploration of Islamic Law. While easily perceived as a purely religious endeavor, this process comprises important political, social, and religious components and aims at balancing out religious and legal demands and Indonesian culture. By taking various documents and multiple perspectives on Islamic Law into account, this article illustrates the emergence of a genuinely Indonesian Islam and proves how elements of indigenization, globalization, and universalization characterize the process.
Christos Yannaras’s Conception of State, Society and Politics and the Greek Apophatic Tradition
Authors: Gligorić Miroljub
Published: July 2021

The article demonstrates a concept of state, society and politics coined by contemporary Greek religious philosopher Christos Yannaras. The concept derives from two sources: on the one hand from the criticism of the modern cataphatic forms of state and society and on the other hand from the apophatic character of the Greek polis. With this creative critical synthesis, based on the apophatic attitude, Yannaras produces a conception of a new polity, contributing to the liberation of the human subject from various aspects of alienation in the cataphatic systems.
Investigation on Flexural Behaviour of Cold Formed Latticed Built-Up Beam
Authors: Vardan.A Vishnu , M Kaarthik.
Published: July 2021

There are two structural members used in steel construction the hot rolled members and the cold formed members. They are light members compared to the traditional heavier hot rolled steel structural members used in the field. They have high strength to weight ratio resulting in less dead weight making it a good option in construction of bridges roof trusses transmission line towers multi storied buildings and other structural members. This paper is done to understand the flexural capacity and to enhance it by developing innovative latticed cold formed steel beam. The impact of web opening of the cold formed beam on the flexural behavior of cold formed built-up I section under two point loading is investigated for the simply supported end conditions. Numerical analysis is performed using finite element analysis (FEM) software. From results, the load vs. Deflection curve, failure modes and ultimate load carrying capacity of the specimen presented in this paper. Therefore the main focus of this project is to investigate the flexural behavior of these steel members and by replacing the lattice hot rolled section by cold formed steel sections. The ultimate load carrying capacity with failure mode of simulated FEA models was compared with experimental results.
Modelling & Simulation of PV Module Connected with Three-Port DC Converter
Authors: Ahmad Eahraz , Khan Faizan A , Sarkar Prabhat R
Published: July 2021

Of the world’s electricity is being generated through conventional sources of energy like coal and atomic energy. People have realized the dire effect of using these fuels, and the amount of CO2 being released into the environment. There has been a shift in emphasis towards cleaner ways of generating electricity in recent years. Solar energy is abundantly available and the cleanest renewable energy source available in the world and is ready to use for a variety of applications, such as the generation of electricity for residential, commercial, or industrial consumption and have become very competitive solutions. It can be seen that there is trend of solar photovoltaics (PV), which has seen rapid growth over the years. The increasing trend of adopting PV system allows consumers to be known as producers or “Prosumers”.

This report evaluates how solar PV can be used in combination with a battery bank along with three port converter to fulfill the requirement. Power production from PV cannot be consistent due to factors like the weather although The main benefits of solar power are that it can be easily installed cost of generation is low as there is no requirement for fuel and require very little maintenance Distributed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and autonomous are achieved with the proposed configuration. The input-port of each TPC is connected to an independent PV energy source to achieve individual MPPT, and the output-ports of these TPCs are connected with load. Fully modular design is achieved by using Simulink/matlab.
Identifikasi Morfologi Mikroflora pada Saluran Pencernaan Itik Magelang
Authors: Nugraha W. T. , Pradipta M. S. I. , Pramono P. B. , Soekarno A. S. , Kusuma B.
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mikroflora yang terdapat pada saluran pencernaan itik magelang. Sampel itik magelang didapatkan pada lokasi peternakan pemeliharaan semi-intensif/umbaran di Kecamatan Secang, Magelang. Pengambilan isolat didapatkan dari sekum dan isi sekum itik magelang. Data yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah warna koloni, bentuk koloni, bentuk tepian koloni, bentuk sel, motilitas, pembentukan spora dan pewarnaan gram. Analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan morfologi yang telah dilakukan, dari seluruh isolat memiliki warna koloni putih susu mengkilat, bentuk bacil, bentuk tepian rata, non-motil, produksi CO2 negatif, cat gram positif dan produksi spora negatif. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu hasil isolasi bakteri yang didapatkan dalam saluran pencernaan itik magelang adalah bakteri gram positif. Sehingga diperlukan uji lanjut untuk mengetahui potensi kandidat probiotik.
Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Genetik Kambing sebagai Potensi Biologik dan Nilai Ekonomi
Authors: Rusdiana S. , Adiati U.
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengelolaan sumber daya genetik kambing sebagai potensi biologik dan nilai ekonomi. Penelitian dilakukan di kandang percobaan Ciawi-Bogor 2018. Penelitian menggunakan kambing PE 35 ekor, betina 30 ekor dan jantan 5 ekor. Kambing AN 35 ekor, betina 30 ekor dan jantan 5 ekor. Metoda analisa data dilakukan secara deskriprif, kuantitatif dan analisis ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, rata-rata bobot badan kawin kambing betina PE s 40,71±9,94 kg dan kambing betina AN43,10±12,13 kg. Rata-rata bobot badan kambing betina PEsetelah beranak 41,84±9,18 kg dan rata-rata bobot badan kambing betina AN setelah beranak 42,81±9,42kg. Produksi anak kambing jantan PE 26,48%. Sedangkan anak kambing betina PE 22,22%. Anak kambing jantan AN  28,79%, sedangkan anak kambing betina AN 24,24%. Keuntungan dari usaha kambing PE Rp.17.730.000/tahun  R/C 1,52. Keuntunagn dari usaha kambing AN  Rp.16.126.670/tahun R/C  1,44. Kambing PE dan kambing AN dapat dipelihara selama >5 tahun, kambing PE dan AN dapat berproduksi susu dan daging serta dapat beranak 2 kali dalam 1.5 tahun, dan secara ekonomi usaha kambing layak diusahakan.
On efficient matrix-free method via quasi-Newton approach for solving system of nonlinear equations
Authors: ABDULLAHI Muhammad , HALİLU Abubakar , AWWAL Aliyu , PAKKARANANG Nuttapol
Published: July 2021

In this paper. a matrix-free method for solving large-scale system of nonlinear equations is presented. The method is derived via quasi-Newton approach, where the approximation to the Broyden's update is sufficiently done by constructing diagonal matrix using acceleration parameter. A fascinating feature of the method is that it is a matrix-free, so is suitable for solving large-scale problems. Furthermore, the convergence analysis and preliminary numerical results that is reported using a benchmark test problems, shows that the method is promising.
Pengaruh Strategi Pemasaran Tabungan BRI BRITAMA Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk.
Authors: Indahsari Dwi
Published: July 2021

Jurnal terkait dengan pengaruh product terhadap kepuasan nasabah PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia
ANALISIS STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN NASABAH TABUNGAN PADA PT. BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Ikhsan Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisisstrategi yang di gunakan PT. Bank Republik Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Kcp Bambaloka untukmeningkatkan kepuasan nasabah tabungan.Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Data kualitatif berupa hasil wawancara yang terkait dengan penelitian.
Pengaruh Permintaan dan Penawaran Terhadap Profitabilitas Karena Adanya Pembatasan Perilaku Masyarakat Pada PT Lotte Chemical Titan Tbk. Di Makassar
Authors: Adrie Ayat Arifandy
Published: July 2021

Mohon maaf jika terjadi kekeliruan dalam mengutipan kata dan kalimat yang tertuliskan pada jurnal.Tujuan pembuatan jurnal ini untuk menyelesaikan tugas yang diberikan.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LOYALITAS PELANGGAN SERTA DAMPAK TERHADAP KEUNGGULAN BERSAING
Authors: rongre Elisabet
Published: July 2021

Lingkungan persaingan yang semakin ketat dan penurunan pertumbuhan penjualan perlu dicermati dan disikapi agar perusahaan swasta nasional dapat terus bertambah dan bahkan dapat terus meningkatkan kinerja pemasarannya.
ANALISIS PERPUTARAN MODAL KERJA,AKTIVA TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGEMBALIAN MODAL PADA PT.ULTRAJAYA MILK INDUSTRY Tbk
Authors: Musdalifa
Published: July 2021

As you well know the purpose of financial management is generating profits or gains optimal. However, if it is not backed by good financial planning, the goal of the company cannot be achieved.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan PT Trakindo Utama, Tembagapura Division
Authors: Simba Stella Laura
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan PT Trakindo Utama, Tembagapura Division. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, memprediksidan menganalisis kinerja keuangan dengan menggunakan rasio-rasio keuangan: 1.) Rasio Likuiditas, 2.) Rasio Solvabilitas, 3.) Rasio Profitabilitas, dan 4.) Rasio Aktivitas. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: metode kuantitatif. Adapun desain penelitian yang diperlukan adalah deskriptif komparatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan perusahaan.
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN KOSMETIK YANG TERCATAT DI BEI TAHUN 2021
Authors: syahdhani syarifah ihdah
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Kosmetik Yang TercatatDi Bei Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, memprediksi danmenganalisis kinerja keuangan dengan menggunakan rasio-rasio keuangan: 1.) RasioLikuiditas, 2.) Rasio Solvabilitas, 3.) Rasio Profitabilitas, dan 4.) Rasio Aktivitas. Metodeanalisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif komparatif.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi keuangan PT. Mustika Ratu Tbk danPT. Martina Berto Tbk tahun 2021 cukup baik. Analisis rasio likuiditas pada perusahaan PTMustika Ratu Tbk dan PT. Martina Berto Tbk menunjukan perusahaan berada dalam kondisiyang cukup baik, karena rasio yang diperoleh kebanyakan berada diatas standar rata-ratarasio likuiditas. Dalam keadaan ini perusahaan mampu memenuhi kewajiban jangkapendeknya tanpa harus menjual sebagian akun yang ada pada aktiva lancar bila hendakmelunasi hutang lancarnya. Analsis rasio solvabilitas PT Mustika Ratu Tbk denganmenggunakan rasio DAR dan DER menunjukan bahwa perusahaan berada dalam kondisiyang baik, karena rasio yang diperoleh tidak melebihi standar rata-rata rasio solvabilitas.Sehingga tidak menyebabkan resiko kerugian yang besar. Dari rasio profitabilitas yaitumenggunakan rumus seperti: gross profit margin, net profit margin, return on assets danreturn on equity. Kedua perusahaan mengalami penurunan keuntungan (inprofit), dalamperhitungan net profit margin, return on assets dan return on equity yang tidak memenuhistandar rata-rata industri, kecuali dalam perhitungan gross profit margin kedua perusahan diatas rata-rata industri. Tetapi, hasil perhitungan rata-rata dari kedua perusahaan PT. MartinaBerto Tbk lebih baik dari pesaingnya yaitu PT. Mustika Ratu Tbk.
Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Porperti Yang Terdapat Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Ardita Wulan
Published: July 2021

Kinerja keuangan adalah sebuah gambaran pencapaian atau keberhasilan pelaksanaan program perusahaan dalam mewujudkan visi dan misi organisisasi. Dilakukannya penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kinerja keuangan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan sektor properti. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga tahap analisis data, yaitu analisis statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, dan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh signifikan dari likuiditas dan solvabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan. Sedangkan variabel profitabilitas memberikan pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan
Kualitas layanan teller bank
Authors: Putri Lisa Ariana
Published: July 2021

Kualitas layanan teller bank
Simulation Charging of the Forming Line by the Operator Method
Authors: Chumakov Volodymyr , Kharchenko Oksana , Olga Grigor’ieva  , Pososhenko Vitalii
Published: July 2021

The application of repeated Laplace transform to the analysis of a line with distributed parameters is considered. As an example, pulse forming lines are analyzed, which are widely used in microwave radio devices and high-current charged particle accelerators. The results of the calculation of the charge voltage of the forming line from the voltage source are given. The dependence of the line charging mode on the relationship between the internal resistance of the source and the characteristic impedance of the line is shown.
The influence of vigorous aerobic exercise on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and estradiol in young, healthy women as a function of the menstrual cycle
Authors: Ahmad Sarah , Hansen Rodney , Schmolesky Matthew
Published: July 2021

AbstractResearch suggests strong inter-relationships between physical exercise, levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), levels of estrogen, and the menstrual cycle, and yet no single study has examined these factors collectively in humans. The current study assessed the effect of an acute bout of vigorous aerobic exercise (20 minutes of stationary cycling at 80% of heart rate reserve) on serum BDNF and estradiol in healthy, eumenorrheic women, ages 18-28. In addition, this study determined whether basal BDNF or the exercise-induced increase in BDNF varies throughout the menstrual cycle. Thirty-four subjects were assigned to an experimental (n = 27) or control condition (n = 7). Exercise transiently increased both estradiol (51.2%) and BDNF (23.6%), and basal levels of BDNF and estradiol predicted the magnitude of the exercise-induced increases. Basal BDNF did not vary significantly throughout the menstrual cycle. Exercise-induced changes in BDNF did not correlate with menstrual cycle day or basal estradiol. Basal estradiol and basal BDNF showed a marginally significant positive correlation. Taken together, these results indicate that brief, vigorous aerobic exercise is sufficient to elevate both BDNF and estradiol in healthy women and that the menstrual cycle dramatically influences the magnitude of exercise-induced changes in estradiol, but not BDNF
Negative Emotion Enhances Memory for the Sequential Unfolding of a Naturalistic Experience
Authors: Dev Deea K , Wardell Victoria , Checknita Katherine Joyce , Te Alessandra , Petrucci Aria Simone , Madan Christopher R , Palombo Daniela
Published: July 2021

The events of our lives unfold across time. When remembering these events, we often reference information about when they occurred and their sequential unfolding. How does negative emotion affect our ability to reconstruct the elements of an event in the correct temporal order? This study explored this question using naturalistic film stimuli. Human participants (N = 276) saw video clips varying in emotion (high versus low). Later, participants were asked to reconstruct the events in the encoded order. Participants’ temporal-order memory was better in the high- versus low-emotion condition. Free-recall data showed that participants remembered the high-emotion video with greater vividness, though consistency of details did not differ, nor did spontaneous ordering of clips. Our findings shed light on the multifaceted effects of negative emotion on memory, suggesting that highly negative events are reconstructed with greater temporal fidelity when order is a task demand. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Agreement among human and automated transcriptions of global songs
Authors: Ozaki Yuto , Mcbride John , Benetos Emmanouil , Pfordresher Peter , Six Joren , Tierney Adam , Proutskova Polina , Sakai Emi , Kondo Haruka , Fukatsu Haruno , Fujii Shinya , Savage Patrick E.
Published: July 2021

Cross-cultural musical analysis requires standardized symbolic representation of sounds such as score notation. However, transcription into notation is usually conducted manually by ear, which is time-consuming and subjective. Our aim is to evaluate the reliability of existing methods for transcribing songs from diverse societies. We had 3 experts independently transcribe a sample of 32 excerpts of traditional monophonic songs from around the world (half a cappella, half with instrumental accompaniment). 16 songs also had pre-existing transcriptions created by 3 different experts. We compared these human transcriptions against one another and against 10 automatic music transcription algorithms. We found that human transcriptions can be sufficiently reliable (~90% agreement, κ ~.7), but current automated methods are not (<60% agreement, κ <.4). No automated method clearly outperformed others, in contrast to our predictions. These results suggest that improving automated methods for cross-cultural music transcription is critical for diversifying MIR.
Perbandingan sensor untuk Fault Detection dan Replacement Sensor Temperatur Pada Penyimpanan Sementara Tepung Gandum
Authors: Habriansyah Imran
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas tentang diagnosis kesalahan pembacaan sensor temperatur tempat penyimpanan gandum, menggunakan metode teknik analisis struktural. Analisis struktural berbasis data digunakan untuk menganalisis kondisi dari sistem. Perbandingan kinerja dan kecepatan pembacaan dari sensor juga dibahas. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu analisis redudansi dan perbandingan data dari sistem sensor. Data pembacaan sensor utama dibandingkan dengan data yang telah disimpan pada sistem. Ketika data dari sensor memiliki kemiripan dengan data yang berada pada sistem, maka sensor dianggap normal. Akan tetapi jika data tersebut tidak sesuai, data sensor backup akan menjadi pembanding selanjutnya. Apabila data dinyatakan tidak memiliki kemiripan, maka sensor dianggap gagal. Dari beberapa percobaan dihasilkan perbandingan kecepatan respon perubahan temperatur dari sensor. Kecepatan pembacaan perubahan temperatur dari sensor texas instruments (LM35) lebih baik dibandingkan sensor dari maxim integrated (DS18B20). Akan tetapi akurasinya berbanding terbalik. Untuk kecepatan pendeteksian kesalahan dan penggantian sensor, piranti dari texas instruments lebih baik dari maxim integrated. Untuk kecepatan pembacaan kegagalan sensor DS18B20 lebih sensitif terhadap debu / parasit dengan kecepatan 87,8 ms, sedangkan untuk sensor LM35 lebih baik yaitu 77,5 ms. Untuk kondisi penggantian sensor ke sensor backup pada penggunaan sensor LM35 dan DS18B20 memiliki kecepatan yang sama, waktu yang tercepat untuk kedua sensor ini sebesar 14,1 ms
Prediction of seroma after total mastectomy using an artificial neural network algorithm
Authors: Tansawet Amarit , Nakchuai Panupong , Techapongsatorn Suphakarn , Sukhvibul Pakkapol , Lolak Sermkiat
Published: July 2021

Seroma is a common complication after mastectomy. To the best of our knowledge, no prediction models have been developed for this. Henceforth, medical records of total mastectomy patients were retrospectively reviewed. Data consisting of 120 subjects were divided into a training-validation data set (96 subjects) and a testing data set (24 subjects). Data was learned by using a 9-layer artificial neural network (ANN), and the model was validated using 10-fold cross-validation. The model performance was assessed by a confusion matrix in the validating data set. The receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed, and the area under the curve (AUC) was also calculated. Pathology type, presence of hypertension, presence of diabetes, receiving of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, body mass index, and axillary lymph node (LN) management (i.e., sentinel LN biopsy and axillary LN dissection) were selected as predictive factors in a model developed from the neural network algorithm. The model yielded an AUC of 0.760, which corresponded with a level of acceptable discrimination. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values were 100%, 52.9%, 66.7%, 46.7%, and 100%, respectively. Our model, which was developed from the ANN algorithm can predict seroma after total mastectomy with high sensitivity. Nevertheless, external validation is still needed to confirm the performance of this model.
Silk fibroin/chitosan/TGF-β1-loaded microsphere scaffolds for cartilage reparation
Authors: He Jin-Mei , Zhu Peng-Fei , Li Li-Hua , Wang Zhen , Li Xiao-Li , Wang Song , Ren Hai-tao , Chen Chang-Sheng , Chu Bin , Li Bo , Liu Wei-Qiang
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays an important role in chondrocyte growth and the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM). Due to the rapid metabolism, controlled release systems for TGF-β1 have attracted increasing interest recently. OBJECTIVE: In this study, a silk fibroin (SF)/chitosan (CS) scaffold incorporated with TGF-β1-loaded microspheres (MSs) was created for cartilage reparation. METHOD: The optimal proportion of the SF/CS composite scaffold was determined by evaluating their micromorphology and the proliferation rate of fibroblasts on the surface. Then, SF/CS/TGF-β1-loaded MS scaffolds were prepared by the adsorption method. TGF-β1 release capacity, degradation patterns, cytocompatibility and in vivo implantation were evaluted. RESULTS: The SF/CS/TGF-β1-loaded MS scaffold showed good TGF-β1 release over more than 16 days, which could sequentially stimulate chondrocyte synthetic activity. In vitro cell proliferation experiments showed the SF/CS/TGF-β1-loaded MS scaffold could promote chondrocytes adhesion, growth, proliferation and maintained the cellular morphology. An in vivo study demonstrated that a low inflammatory response was observed in rats and that the materials exhibited good biocompatibility. CONCLUSION: the results indicated that our SF/CS/TGF-β1-loaded MS scaffold constitute a promising therapeutic option for cartilage reparation.
Relationship between trunk muscle strength and trunk muscle mass and thickness using bioelectrical impedance analysis and ultrasound imaging
Authors: Miyachi Ryo , Koike Nana , Kodama Suzu , Miyazaki Junya
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Although trunk muscles are involved in many important functions, evaluating trunk muscle strength is not an easy task. If trunk muscle mass and thickness could be used as indicators of trunk muscle strength, the burden of measurement would be reduced, but the relationship between trunk muscle strength and trunk muscle mass and thickness has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between trunk muscle strength and trunk muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis and trunk muscle thickness by ultrasound imaging in healthy adults. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-one healthy university students were included in this study. Trunk flexion/extension muscle strength and trunk muscle mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and trunk muscle thickness by ultrasound imaging were measured. RESULTS: Both trunk flexion strength and trunk extension strength were significantly correlated with trunk muscle mass and oblique and rectus abdominis muscle thickness. Multiple regression analysis showed that trunk extension muscle strength had an independent relationship with trunk muscle mass. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that trunk muscle mass or trunk muscle thickness can be used as an alternative means for evaluating trunk muscle strength, making the evaluation of trunk muscles less burdensome.
Long-term antibacterial activity of vancomycin from calcium phosphate cement in vivo
Authors: Mukai Manabu , Uchida Kentaro , Sugo Ken , Nakasu Masanori , Nakajima Takehiko , Takata Ken , Takaso Masashi , Urabe Ken
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infection is a major complication of total joint arthroplasty, with treatment requiring a two-stage exchange procedure and 6 weeks of systemic antibiotics. However, depending on the infection site, intravenous delivery of antibiotics like vancomycin (VCM) can have poor tissue transferability, thus reducing their therapeutic effect. OBJECTIVE: This study demonstrates the 24-week in vivo release profile and antibacterial activity of VCM from calcium phosphate cement impregnated with VCM (CPC/VCM) and compares them with those from polymethylmethacrylate impregnated with VCM (PMMA/VCM). METHODS: Rats were implanted with the test specimens between the fascia and quadriceps. After implantation for 24 weeks, the test specimens were removed and residual VCM was extracted to calculate the concentration of VCM released into rat tissues. We also examined the antibacterial activity of releasable VCM from the removed test specimens by placing them directly onto the surface of agar. RESULTS: CPC/VCM released greater concentrations of VCM for a longer period of time within the 24 weeks than PMMA/VCM. Moreover, CPC/VCM released 1.4 to 26.1-fold more VCM than PMMA/VCM. Using Staphylococcus aureus, antibacterial activity was logarithmically correlated with VCM concentration across the entire concentration range tested (12.5–800 μg/mL). While the area within which inhibition was observed—the inhibition zone—for both CPC/VCM and PMMA/VCM formed and gradually shrank with time after implantation, that for CPC/VCM was significantly larger than that for PMMA/VCM in each week after implantation. CONCLUSION: CPC/VCM releases greater amounts of VCM with antibacterial activity for longer periods of time than PMMA/VCM, suggesting that CPC is effective for facilitating the release of antibiotics for local action in patients with established postoperative infection.
Association between the toe angle and bony factors in the transverse plane for osteoarthritic knees compared with healthy knees
Authors: Mochizuki Tomoharu , Sato Takashi , Katsumi Ryota
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: The association between the toe angle and bony rotational factors is critical to explain issues related to the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to clarify the association between the toe angle and each of the femoral and tibial transvers direction relative to gait direction, rotational knee alignment, and bony torsional deformity for the subjects with knee OA. METHODS: This study evaluated 58 knees in 24 healthy elderly (72 ± 5 years) and 34 varus knee OA (72 ± 6 years). A three-dimensional (3D) assessment system was used on 3D models and biplanar long-leg radiographs with the toe angle reflecting gait direction, applying a 3D-to-2D image registration technique. The main parameters on the transverse plane were: (1) toe angle, (2) transverse direction of the femur and tibia relative to the gait direction, (3) femoral neck anteversion, (4) condylar twist angle, (5) tibial torsion, and (6) rotational knee alignment. RESULTS: The alignment parameters, except for the tibial transverse direction, were different between healthy and osteoarthritic knees. In knee OA, the femoral neck anteversion - femoral transverse direction (p = 0.001), femoral transverse direction - tibial transverse direction (p < 0.001), and tibial transverse direction - toe angle (p < 0.001) were associated. CONCLUSIONS: The osteoarthritic knees showed that the femoral neck anteversion was associated with the femoral transverse direction, which determined the tibial transverse direction by adjusting the rotational knee alignment, leading to the toe angle.
Agitation in Dementia: Real-World Impact and Burden on Patients and the Healthcare System
Authors: Jones Eddie , Aigbogun Myrlene Sanon , Pike James , Berry Mia , Houle Christy R. , Husbands Joseph
Published: July 2021

Background: At least 90%of patients with dementia experience behavioral or neuropsychiatric symptoms including agitation, psychotic symptoms, apathy, depression, and sleep disturbances. Agitation has been reported to be experienced by 60%of patients with mild cognitive impairment and 76%of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: We aimed to assess the impact of agitation in patients with dementia on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and healthcare costs. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of physician-reported patient data from a point-in-time survey. Patients included were aged≥50 years, with early cognitive impairment or dementia. Agitated and non-agitated patients were compared. Regression analyses assessed the relationship of agitation score (calculated from number/severity of agitation symptoms) with outcomes, with covariates including age and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Sensitivity analyses compared patients with 0 and≥2 agitation symptoms following propensity score matching on the base-case covariates. Results: Data were included for 1,349 patients (agitated, n = 693; non-agitated, n = 656). Based on regression analyses, agitation score was correlated with proportion of patients with professional caregivers (p < 0.01), institutionalized (p < 0.01), hospitalized in a psychiatric ward (p < 0.05), and receiving an antipsychotic/antidepressant (both p < 0.001); number of consultations with a healthcare professional (HCP), psychiatrist, or psycho-geriatrician; number and cost of hospitalizations (p < 0.01); cost of HCP consultations (p < 0.001); and total direct healthcare costs (p < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses generally supported the base-case analysis. Conclusion: Agitation in dementia is associated with increased HCRU and healthcare costs. Effective therapies are needed to address agitation in dementia, with the potential to alleviate patient impact, HCRU, and healthcare costs.
Age-Dependency of Total Tau in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Is Corrected by Amyloid-β 1–40: A Correlational Study in Healthy Adults
Authors: Zebhauser Paul Theo , Berthele Achim , Franz Marie-Sophie , Goldhardt Oliver , Diehl-Schmid Janine , Priller Josef , Ortner Marion , Grimmer Timo
Published: July 2021

Background: Tau proteins are established biomarkers of neuroaxonal damage in a wide range of neurodegenerative conditions. Although measurement of total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid is widely used in research and clinical settings, the relationship between age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid is yet to be fully understood. While past studies reported a correlation between age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid of healthy adults, in clinical practice the same cut-off value is used independently of patient’s age. Objective: To further explore the relationship between age and total-Tau and to disentangle neurodegenerative from drainage-dependent effects. Methods: We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid samples of 76 carefully selected cognitively healthy adults and included amyloid-β 1–40 as a potential marker of drainage from the brain’s interstitial system. Results: We found a significant correlation of total-Tau and age, which was no longer present when correcting total-Tau for amyloid-β 1–40 concentrations. These findings were replicated under varied inclusion criteria. Conclusion: Results call into question the association of age and total-Tau in the cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, they suggest diagnostic utility of amyloid-β 1–40 as a possible proxy for drainage-mechanisms into the cerebrospinal fluid when interpreting biomarker concentrations for neurodegenerative diseases.
Impaired Memory Awareness and Loss Integration in Self-Referential Network Across the Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease Spectrum
Authors: Chen Shanshan ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Song Yu , Xu Wenwen , Hu Guanjie , Ge Honglin , Xue Chen , Gao Ju , Qi Wenzhang , Lin Xingjian , Chen Jiu
Published: July 2021

Background: Anosognosia, or unawareness of memory deficits, is a common manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but greatly variable in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects. Self-referential network (SRN) is responsible for self-referential processing and considered to be related to AD progression. Objective: Our aim is to explore connectivity changes of SRN and its interaction with memory-related network and primary sensorimotor network (SMN) in the AD spectrum. Methods: About 444 Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative subjects (86 cognitively normal [CN]; 156 SCD; 146 aMCI; 56 AD) were enrolled in our study. The independent component analysis (ICA) method was used to extract the SRN, SMN, and memory-related network from all subjects. The alteration of functional connectivity (FC) within SRN and its connectivity with memory-related network/SMN were compared among four groups and further correlation analysis between altered FC and memory awareness index as well as episodic memory score were performed. Results: Compared with CN group, individuals with SCD exhibited hyperconnectivity within SRN, while aMCI and AD patients showed hypoconnectivity. Furthermore, aMCI patients and AD patients both showed the interruption of the FC between the SRN and memory-related network compared to CN group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that disruptive FC within SRN and its interaction with memory-related network were related to memory awareness index and episodic memory scores. Conclusion: In conclusion, impaired memory awareness and episodic memory in the AD spectrum are correlated to the disconnection within SRN and its interaction with memory-related network.
Time-dependent Dijkstra’s algorithm under bipolar neutrosophic fuzzy environment
Authors: Çakır Esra , Ulukan Ziya , Acarman Tankut
Published: July 2021

Determining the shortest path and calculating the shortest travel time of complex networks are important for transportation problems. Numerous approaches have been developed to search shortest path on graphs, and one of the well-known is the Dijkstra’s label correcting algorithm. Dijkstra’s approach is capable of determining shortest path of directed or undirected graph with non-negative weighted arcs. To handle with uncertainty in real-life, the Dijkstra’s algorithm should be adapted to fuzzy environment. The weight of arc -which is the vague travel time between two nodes- can be expressed in bipolar neutrosophic fuzzy sets containing positive and negative statements. In addition, the weights of arcs in bipolar neutrosophic fuzzy graphs can be affected by time. This study proposes the extended Dijkstra’s algorithm to search the shortest path and calculate the shortest travel time on a single source time-dependent network of bipolar neutrosophic fuzzy weighted arcs. The proposed approach is illustrated, and the results demonstrate the validity of the extended algorithm. This article is intended to guide future shortest path algorithms on time-dependent fuzzy graphs.
Product lifecycle management application selection framework based on interval-valued spherical fuzzy COPRAS
Authors: Omerali Mete , Kaya Tolga
Published: July 2021

Digitalization is the key trend of the Industry 4.0 revolution. Industrial companies are transforming the way they design and maintain their products and solutions. The user requirements become more demanding. Competition among the manufacturing companies is at its limits and transforms the products to be more complex. Yet, other challenges such as faster time to market, higher quality requirements and legislation force enterprises to provide new ways of design, manufacture and service their end products. Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is a key solution to track the entire lifespan of the product from idea to design, design to manufacture and manufacture to service. Besides the complexity of products and production, the selection of the right PLM solution which will become the backbone of enterprises is an open problem. In this paper, a thorough literature review is conducted to analyze the most important features for selecting the right PLM solution for manufacturing firms. Moreover, to overcome the challenge of decision makers’ (DM) subjective judgments, a novel interval value spherical fuzzy COPRAS (IVSF-COPRAS) multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) method is introduced. The paper aims to help enterprises rapidly identify the best alternative vendor/solution to be selected based on the need of the organization. In order to show the applicability, DM inputs are collected from a leading defense company where the PLM selection process is ongoing. The industrial case study is provided to demonstrate the success of the proposed selection framework.
The Causes and Impact of Crisis for People with Parkinson’s Disease: A Patient and Carer Perspective
Authors: Fearn Sarah , Bartolomeu Pires Sandra , Agarwal Veena , Roberts Helen C. , Spreadbury John , Kipps Christopher
Published: July 2021

Background: The reasons for acute hospital admissions among people with Parkinson’s disease are well documented. However, understanding of crises that are managed in the community is comparatively lacking. Most existing literature on the causes of crisis for people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) uses hospital data and excludes the individual’s own perspective on the crisis trigger and the impact of the crisis on their care needs. Objective: To identify the causes and impact of crises in both community and hospital settings, from a patient and carer perspective. Methods: A total of 550 UK-based PwP and carers completed a survey on (a) their own personal experiences of crisis, and (b) their general awareness of potential crisis triggers for PwP. Results: In addition to well-recognised causes of crisis such as falls, events less widely associated with crisis were identified, including difficulties with activities of daily living and carer absence. The less-recognised crisis triggers tended to be managed more frequently in the community. Many of these community-based crises had a greater impact on care needs than the better-known causes of crisis that more frequently required hospital care. PwP and carer responses indicated a good general knowledge of potential crisis triggers. PwP were more aware of mental health issues and carers were more aware of cognitive impairment and issues with medications. Conclusion: These findings could improve care of Parkinson’s by increasing understanding of crisis events from the patient and carer perspective, identifying under-recognised crisis triggers, and informing strategies for best recording symptoms from PwP and carers.
Random forest model identifies serve strength as a key predictor of tennis match outcome
Authors: Gao Zijian , Kowalczyk Amanda
Published: July 2021

Tennis is a popular sport worldwide, boasting millions of fans and numerous national and international tournaments. Like many sports, tennis has benefitted from the popularity of rigorous record-keeping of game and player information, as well as the growth of machine learning methods for use in sports analytics. Of particular interest to bettors and betting companies alike is potential use of sports records to predict tennis match outcomes prior to match start. We compiled, cleaned, and used the largest database of tennis match information to date to predict match outcome using fairly simple machine learning methods. Using such methods allows for rapid fit and prediction times to readily incorporate new data and make real-time predictions. We were able to predict match outcomes with upwards of 80%accuracy, much greater than predictions using betting odds alone, and identify serve strength as a key predictor of match outcome. By combining prediction accuracies from three models, we were able to nearly recreate a probability distribution based on average betting odds from betting companies, which indicates that betting companies are using similar information to assign odds to matches. These results demonstrate the capability of relatively simple machine learning models to quite accurately predict tennis match outcomes.
Failure analysis of a bearing bush of a feed water pump
Authors: Zhang Han , Hou Yihang , Li Mengli , Zhang Ming
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: A rolling bearing bush alloy of a feed water pump that is part of a waste heat boiler of an oil refinery has failed. OBJECTIVE: We try to analyze the reasons that caused the working surface of the bearing bush of the water pump to fall off and then give some suggestions to this failure. METHODS: The composition, microstructure, pit, and crack morphology of the bearing bush alloy were analyzed by the X-ray fluorescent analysis, the energy spectrum analysis, the optical microscope and the scanning electron microscope, respectively. RESULTS: The content of Pb in the bearing bush alloy was high, and the Cu content was low. The primary crystal Cu6Sn5 was low, and the crystal of SnSb with low density moved upward and segregated. The above phenomenon reduced the fatigue resistance of the babbitt alloy. The bearing bush was subjected to alternating loads in service, and several small cracks were generated on the bearing bush alloy working surface. The cracks continued to expand and connected with each other. Fatigue pitting occurred on the bearing bush working surface, a large number of pits were formed, and several large alloy blocks fell off. CONCLUSIONS: The Pb content in the failed bearing bush alloy was too high and did not meet the requirements of the Sn-based babbitt alloys in the national standard. At the same time, the primary crystal Cu6Sn5 formed by Cu and Sn was low due to the low Cu content, and the crystal SnSb with a small density moved upward and segregated. The composition of the babbitt alloy, especially the Cu content, should be strictly controlled to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the bearing.
Incidence of peripheral vestibular disorders in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Byun Hayoung , Chung Jae Ho , Jeong Jin Hyeok , Ryu Jiin , Lee Seung Hwan
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) could influence peripheral vestibular function adversely via intermittent hypoxia and its consequences. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of peripheral vestibular disorders in OSA using a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study. METHODS: The National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort represents the entire Korean population from 2002 to 2015. OSA was defined as individuals who had used medical services twice or more under a diagnosis of OSA(G47.33 in ICD-10). A comparison cohort consisted of socio-demographically matched non-OSA subjects in a ratio of 1:4. The incidences of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV), Meniere’s disease, and vestibular neuritis were evaluated in each cohort. RESULTS: A total of 2,082 individuals with OSA and 8,328 matched non-OSA subjects were identified. The incidence rates(IRs) of peripheral vertigo in OSA and non-OSA were 149.86 and 23.88 per 10,000 persons, respectively (Ratio of IR, IRR = 6.28, 95%CI 4.89 to 8.08). In multivariable analysis, the risk of peripheral vertigo was significantly higher in OSA(adjusted HR = 6.64, 95%CI 5.20 to 8.47), old age(adjusted HR = 1.03, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.04), female sex(adjusted HR = 1.92, 95%CI 1.48 to 2.50), and comorbidities(adjusted HR = 1.09, 95%CI 1.003 to 1.19). The IRRs of each vestibular disorder in the two groups were 7.32(95%CI 4.80 to 11.33) for BPPV, 3.61(95%CI 2.24 to 5.81) for Meniere’s disease, and 9.51(95%CI 3.97 to 25.11) for vestibular neuritis. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects diagnosed with OSA had a higher incidence of peripheral vestibular disorders than those without OSA, according to national administrative claims data. It is recommended to take peripheral vertigo into account when counseling OSA.
Relationship of Food Leftover with Covid-19 Inpatients Recovery Speed in Palembang Indonesia
Authors: Eryanti Devi , Anwar Chairil , Windusari Yuanita , Amin Ramzi , Ghiffari Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Background : Hospital nutrition services support the patient's recovery process, which the activity is feeding. One indicator of quality in food service is food leftover. The high food waste can affect the patient's health. The high food waste will pose a risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients. The study aimed to analyze the food leftovers in COVID-19 inpatients at the Palembang referral hospital.Methods : This cross-sectional quantitative descriptive study was with a sample of 112 patients selected by purposive sampling in February-May 2021. Data were taken using the Comstock form and then translated in the form of percent leftover food. According to the Minister of Health, the minimum leftover food is less than 25 percent.Results : The results showed that more than 25 percent of the leftover food were 51 respondents; Thirty-three respondents (54.1%) have fully recovered and 28 respondents (45.9%) still in improvement. On the other hand, the leftovers food of less than 25 percent were 51 respondents; Forty respondents (78.4%) have fully cured, and 11 people (21.6%) still in treatments. The analysis of Chi-square test results shows a p-value of 0.013, showing a significant relationship between food waste and the recovery of COVID-19 patients.Conclusion : The food waste of COVID-19 patients in referral hospitals was still relatively high. It is necessary to modify the diet menu to prevent leftovers and speed up the patient's recovery.