bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the microbiology profile for periprosthetic joint infection of knee arthroplasty and lower-limb endoprostheses in tumour surgery
Authors: McCulloch Robert A. , Adlan Amirul , Jenkins Neil , Parry Michael , Stevenson Jonathan D. , Jeys Lee
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Aims: this study compared the patient and microbiological profile of prosthetic
joint infection (PJI) for patients treated with two-stage revision for knee
arthroplasty with that of lower-limb endoprostheses for oncological
resection.
Patient and methods:
a total of 118 patients were treated with two-stage revision surgery for infected knee
arthroplasty and lower-limb endoprostheses between 1999 and 2019. A total of 74
patients had two-stage revision for PJI of knee arthroplasty, and 44 had
two-stage revision of oncology knee endoprostheses. There were 68 men and
50 women. The mean ages of the arthroplasty and oncology cohorts were 70.2 years (range of 50–89) and 36.1 years (range of 12–78) respectively (p<0.01). Patient host and extremity criteria were categorized according to the
Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) host and extremity staging system. The patient microbiological culture, the
incidence of polymicrobial infection, and multidrug resistance (MDR) were
analysed and recorded.
Results:
polymicrobial infection was reported in 16 % (12 patients) of knee
arthroplasty PJI cases and in 14.5 % (8 patients) of endoprostheses PJI cases
(p=0.783). There was a significantly higher incidence of MDR in
endoprostheses PJI, isolated in 36.4 % of cultures, compared with knee
arthroplasty PJI (17.2 %, p=0.01). Gram-positive organisms were isolated
in more than 80 % of cultures from both cohorts. Coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus (CoNS) was the most common Gram-positive organism, and Escherichia coli was the most common
Gram-negative organism in both groups. According to the MSIS staging system,
the host and extremity grades of the oncology PJI cohort were significantly
worse than those for the arthroplasty PJI cohort (p<0.05).
Conclusion:
empirical antibiotic prophylaxis against PJI in orthopaedic oncology is
based upon PJI in arthroplasty, despite oncology patients presenting with
worse host and extremity staging. CoNS was the most common
infective organism in both groups; however, pathogens showing MDR were significantly
more prevalent in oncological PJI of the knee. Therefore, empirical broad-spectrum treatment is recommended in oncological patients following revision
surgery.
KHẢO SÁT TÌNH HÌNH SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ BỆNH VIÊM PHỔI CỘNG ĐỒNG Ở TRẺ EM TỪ 6 THÁNG ĐẾN 5 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN DÂN QUÂN Y BẠC LIÊU NĂM 2020
Authors: Cường Hoàng Quốc , Ly Vũ Thị Thảo , Bình Phạm Thị Trúc
Published: August 2022

Viêm phổi là nguyên nhân chủ yếu đưa đến nhập viện và tử vong ở trẻ mắc nhiễm khuẩn hô hấp cấptính. Trẻ dưới 5 tuổi, đặc biệt là trẻ dưới 2 tháng, là nhóm tuổi có nguy cơ mắc bệnh và tử vong doviêm phổi cao nhất. Vi khuẩn là căn nguyên gây bệnh phổ biến nhất. Do vậy, kháng sinh đóng vai tròquan trọng và không thể thiếu trong điều trị để giảm tỷ lệ tử vong của viêm phổi. Việc phân tích đánhgiá thực trạng sử dụng kháng sinh hiện nay là cực kỳ cần thiết, giúp cho các thầy thuốc lâm sàng, cácnhà quản lý trong việc xây dựng và thực hiện chiến lược sử dụng kháng sinh an toàn, hợp lý. Đồngthời, cũng chính là nâng cao hiệu quả điều trị viêm phổi cộng đồng cho trẻ em. Trong nghiên cứucó 63 trẻ mắc viêm phổi, gồm 37 (58,73%) nam và 26 (41,27%) nữ. Trẻ 6-12 tháng tuổi mắc bệnhnhiều nhất 25 (39,68%), trẻ 48-60 tháng mắc bệnh ít nhất 4 (6,35%). Tỷ lệ trẻ được chẩn đoán mãJ18 (viêm phổi, tác nhân không đặc hiệu) là cao nhất 28 (44,44%). Trẻ viêm phổi nhập viện chủ yếuvào tháng 2 (31,75%). Nhóm kháng sinh được sử dụng để điều trị là nhóm Beta- lactam, Amoxicillin/acid clavuclanic là kháng sinh được chỉ định nhiều nhất 55 (87,3%). Kháng sinh này có 4 biệt dược,trong đó Klamentin của được sử dụng nhiều nhất 27 (42,86%). Nguồn gốc của các biệt dược chủ yếutừ Việt Nam. Các kháng sinh sử dụng 100% là đường uống. Kháng sinh dạng gói chiếm tỷ lệ caonhất (68,25%).
KHẢO SÁT BIẾN CHỨNG TRONG CAN THIỆP ĐỘNG MẠCH VÀNH QUA DA SANG THƯƠNG TẮC HOÀN TOÀN MẠN TÍNH
Authors: Vũ Vũ Hoàng , Bình Trương Quang
Published: August 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Can thiệp động mạch vành (ĐMV) qua da sang thương tắc hoàn toàn mạn tính (THTMT)là thủ thuật khó trong can thiệp mạch vành qua da với tỉ lệ thành công thấp hơn và tỷ lệ biến chứngliên quan thủ thuật cao hơn so với can thiệp sang thương không phải THTMT. Hiện chưa có nhiềunghiên cứu tại Việt Nam về biến chứng của thủ thuật can thiệp sang thương THTMT ĐMV, nênchúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu nhằm có thêm dữ liệu về biến chứng của can thiệp sang thươngTHTMT ĐMV.Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Xác định tỉ lệ biến chứng và các yếu tố liên quan tới biến chứng của thủ thuậtcan thiệp qua da sang thương THTMT ĐMV.Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu quan sát trên các bệnh nhân được can thiệp ĐMV qua dasang thương THTMT ĐMV tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Dược TP Hồ Chí Minh, từ 04/2017 đến 06/2019.Kết quả: 194 bệnh nhân được can thiệp qua da sang thương THTMT ĐMV, với tuổi trung bình là67,3±11,3, trong đó nam giới chiếm 73,7%. Tiền sử ghi nhận có tăng huyết áp (82,5%), nhồi máucơ tim cũ (26,3%), can thiệp ĐMV qua da trước đây (26,3%), đái tháo đường (29,9%), bệnh thậnmạn (9,8%). Có 77,4% bệnh nhân nhập viện vì hội chứng vành cấp. Điểm SYNTAX I trung bình là21,7±7,2, điểm J-CTO trung bình là 2,4±1,1. Chiến lược can thiệp xuôi dòng chiếm tỉ lệ 83,0%; vịtrí can thiệp nhiều nhất là động mạch liên thất trước (55,7%). Tỉ lệ thành công chung của thủ thuậtlà 87,1%. Tỷ lệ biến chứng liên quan thủ thuật được ghi nhận trong thời gian nằm viện là 17 trườnghợp (8,6%), gồm có: thủng ĐMV (2,1%), bóc tách mạch vành (1,5%), mất nhánh bên (1,0%), huyếtkhối lòng mạch (1,0%), nhồi máu cơ tim liên quan thủ thuật (0,5%), rối loạn nhịp tim (1,5%); chảymáu (0,5%). Các yếu tố có liên quan đến biến chứng thủ thuật: cao tuổi,tiền sử có can thiệp độngmạch vành qua da.Kết luận: Tỉ lệ biến chứng liên quan can thiệp ĐMV qua da sang thương THTMT thấp (8,6%). Cácyếu tố làm tăng tỷ lệ biến chứng của thủ thuật là tuổi cao và tiền căn can thiệp mạch vành trước đây
TỈ LỆ ĐẠT MỤC TIÊU LDL CHOLESTEROL THEO KHUYẾN CÁO CỦA HỘI TIM CHÂU ÂU 2019 TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN CÓ NGUY CƠ TIM MẠCH CAO VÀ RẤT CAO
Authors: Sĩ Nguyễn Văn , Trường Trần Xuân , Duy Võ Thành , Thuỷ Nguyễn Thị Thu , Dung Phạm Trương Mỹ , Thức Đỗ Minh
Published: August 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tỉ lệ đạt mục tiêu LDL-C trên đối tượng có nguy cơ tim mạch cao và rất cao.Phương pháp và kết quả: Hồi cứu cơ sở dữ liệu phòng khám tim mạch ngoại trú Bệnh viện Nhândân Gia Định từ tháng 01/2020 đến tháng 01/2021. Toa thuốc trước và sau xét nghiệm lipid máuđược thu thập để đánh giá hành vi thay đổi điều trị statin. Kết quả: Tỉ lệ đạt LDL-C mục tiêu trongnghiên cứu là 15,79%, trong đó ở nhóm nguy cơ cao và rất cao lần lượt là 29,17% và 8,24%. Đa số(83,46%) điều trị statin cường độ trung bình và 16,54% điều trị statin cường độ cao. Tỉ lệ tăng liềustatin khi LDL-C không đạt mục tiêu là 23,21%. Kết luận: Mục tiêu điều trị LDL-C trên nhóm nguycơ tim mạch cao-rất cao còn rất khiêm tốn trong khi thực tế điều trị statin chưa thoả đáng về hành vikê toa.
THỰC TRẠNG NHIỄM KHUẨN VẾT MỔ VÀ CHĂM SÓC NGƯỜI BỆNH NHIỄM KHUẨN VẾT MỔ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN SẢN NHI CÀ MAU
Authors: Nhượng Triệu Quốc , Nam Bùi Hoài , Trọng Nguyễn Đức
Published: August 2022

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ (NKVM) mở tại Bệnh viện Sản Nhi Cà Mau chothấy: tỷ lệ NKVM mổ mở chung là 2,84%. Các yếu tố có liên quan đến NKVM mở gồm: Trình độhọc vấn; Dân tộc; Bệnh lý kèm; Loại phẫu thuật, Thời gian phẫu thuật; Sử dụng kháng sinh; Mất máutrong mổ; Chăm sóc: tâm lý, đau sau mổ, chăm sóc vết mổ, chăm sóc giấc ngủ người bệnh, chăm sócvệ sinh cá nhân cho người bệnh; Với ý nghĩa thống kê p<0,05. Đánh giá hài lòng của người bệnh vềcông tác chăm sóc có tới 63,4% người bệnh rất hài lòng, hài lòng (36,6%); Đánh giá mức độ chămsóc tốt đạt 62,9%, chăm sóc khá 37,1%. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu, đề tài đã đề xuất một số giải phápnhằm nâng cao chất lượng, hiệu quả công tác chăm sóc điều dưỡng người bệnh NKVM tại Bệnh việnSản Nhi Cà Mau.
THỰC TRẠNG KIẾN THỨC VÀ THỰC HÀNH VỀ QUẢN LÝ CHẤT THẢI Y TẾ CỦA NHÂN VIÊN Y TẾ BỆNH VIỆN MẮT TRUNG ƯƠNG, NĂM 2021
Authors: Lý Trần Thị , Nhân Lê Văn , Thắng Trần Quốc , Hà Lê Thanh , Dũng Đào Văn
Published: August 2022

Đặt vấn đề: Chất thải y tế (CTYT) là chất thải phát sinh trong quá trình hoạt động của các cơ sở ytế bao gồm CTYT nguy hại, CTYT thông thường và nước thải y tế. Thực hiện tốt công tác quản lýCTYT góp phần bảo vệ sức khỏe cho nhân viên y tế, người bệnh, người nhà người bệnh, sức khỏecộng đồng và bảo vệ môi trường sống [3].Mục tiêu: Mô tả kiến thức, thực hành quản lý chất thải y tế của nhân viên y tế (NVYT) Bệnh việnMắt Trung ương và phân tích một số yếu tố liên quan.Phương pháp: Điều tra cắt ngang, nghiên cứu định lượng.Kết quả: Nghiên cứu thu thập thông tin từ 323 nhân viên y tế (NVYT), Bệnh viện Mắt Trung ương(BVMTW) thông qua phát vấn bằng phiếu và quan sát có sử dụng bảng kiểm. Kết quả nghiên cứucho thấy kiến thức và thực hành quản lý CTYT trong kiểm soát NKBV của NVYT khá tốt.Kết luận: Tỷ lệ NVYT có kiến thức về quản lý CTYT đạt 70,3%. Tỷ lệ NVYT thực hành xử lý chấtthải y tế theo quy định đạt trên 70%. Có 4 yếu tố liên quan đến kiến thức quản lý CTYT gồm: tuổi,vị trí công tác, thời gian công tác và trình độ chuyên môn. 3 yếu tố liên quan đến thực hành quảnlý CTYT gồm: Giới tính, vị trí công tác và thời điểm tập huấn về kiểm soát nhiễm khuẩn (p<0,05).
Sistem Informasi Pendaftaran Peserta Kursus Lembaga Kursus dan Pelatihan Tekhno Training Edu Center Berbasis Web Menggunakan PHP dan MySQL
Authors: Yudatama Rizma
Published: August 2022

Teknologi dan Informasi merupakan dua hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Hal ini terlihat dari proses untuk mendapatkan informasi yang dapat diperoleh secara cepat, tepat, dan akurat dengan didukung oleh kemajuan teknologi yang semakin canggih. Perkembangan ilmu komputer berjalan dengan sangat pesat, pemakainya juga sudah meluas. Hampir di segala bidang pekerjaan sudah menggunakan sistem komputer, salah satunya adalah bidang pendidikan. LKP Tekhno Training Edu Center saat ini menggunakan Google Form sebagai media pendaftaran. Untuk mengembangkan lembaga, LKP Tekhno membuat aplikasi berbasis web sebagai media pendaftaran menggantikan Google Form. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data dan pengembangan aplikasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi pendaftaran berbasis web menggunakan PHP dan MySQL. Dengan aplikasi ini diharapkan proses pendaftaran menjadi lebih mudah.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pencatatan Dan Pengarsipan Surat Masuk Serta Surat Keluar Di Dekanat Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
Authors: Sunarto Sunarto , Naafian Nuur Rochman , Tri Wibowo Kresno Ario
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT Correspondence activities are still needed and as proof of a valid document. The Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta (UNS) still uses letters to establish communication with outside parties. Good mail management will provide positive benefits for the agency. Considering the function of the letter which is quite important, it is better for the Faculty of Engineering, UNS, to ensure that the letter storage process can be carried out by following the agenda system procedure. Based on this background, the formulation of the problem to be solved in this research is "How to design an information system for incoming and outgoing letters at the Dean of the Faculty of Engineering UNS". The method used for the development of information systems is the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) with the Waterfall model. The programming language used is PHP Native and MySQL database. The result of this research is the design of an information system for recording and filing letters that can be implemented at the Dean of the Faculty of Engineering, UNS. The design of this letter recording and archiving information system is expected to be used to manage letter data at the Dean of the Faculty of Engineering UNS properly following the agenda system procedure.
Semiotic Analysis on Morris Lifestyle Advertisement
Authors: Tausya Resi Syahrani , Muchtar Muhizar , Perangin-Angin Alemina Br.
Published: August 2022

This research aimed to analyse about the signs contained in marketing advertisements of Morris Lifestyle, as well as the meaning of the sign through the symbolic relation between the signifier and the signified. This research applied a qualitative descriptive method with the data source is Morris Lifestyle advertisement video, and the data used in this study are text, images and sound. The findings of this research consist of signs found in advertisements. There are thirteen signs found in the advertisement, for example; Creative, Woman expression, Stylish, Adventure, Manly, Metropolis, Big, Freedom, Long Lasting, Independent, I Want More, Vintage, and Approved 100% Kamu Ganteng. The findings of this study are expected to be a useful resource in other research and for the development of semiotic studies towards commercial work.
Analysis of Word Formation Process in I Am Malala Novel by Malala Yousafzai
Authors: Sinulingga Desi Rahma Yuni Br. , Deliana Deliana
Published: August 2022

The aim of this research is to find the used of the types and the most dominant types of word formation process in I Am Malala novel by Malala Yousafzai. This is a qualitative descriptive research by Miles and Huberman (2014). The words were analized by using O’Grady and Guzman (2010) theory. From the analysis, the writer found 12 from 14 word formation types process with the classifying. 33 of Borrowing (3,09%), 130 of Compounding (12,17%), 4 of Reduplication (0,37%), 318 of Inflection (29,78%), 34 of Suppletion (3,18%), 75 of Internal Change (7,02%), 5 of Coinage (0,47%), 5 of  Onomatopoeia (0,47%), 53 of Acronyms (4,97%), 5 of Clipping (0,47%) ,14 of Back Formation (1,31%), and 392 of Derivation (36,70%). Also found the most dominant type is Derivation. It has 36,70% of the total term. The total of Derivation is 392 words from total 1.068 words.
Semiotic of Female Masculinity in Videogame 'The Last of Us Part II'
Authors: Ginting Riza Fahlevi , Zein T. Thyrhaya , Perangin-Angin Alemina Br.
Published: August 2022

This study aims to interpret the signs of semiotics in the videogame The Last of Us Part II (TLOU Part II) which reflect the values of female masculinity initiated by Judith Halberstam (1998). Through Roland Barthes' (1977) semiotics theory, this study analyzes the denotative and connotative meanings of visual and verbal signs from the characters of the videogame TLOU Part II. The source of this research data comes from screenshots of the videogame walkthrough which is then focused into 12 data for qualitative descriptive analysis. The 12 data were analyzed for their denotative and connotative meanings, then followed by description of the female masculinity category initiated by Judith Halberstam. From this study it was found that the 2 characters studied, namely Ellie and Abby, each fulfill several of the 5 categories of female masculinity initiated by Judith Halberstam, namely Butch Realness, Femme Pretender, Male Mimicry, Fag Drag, and Denaturalized Masculinity through visual and verbal signs from video games. They each show the appearance, gesture, nature, culture, and ideology of female masculinity
Tradycja tekstowa i rękopiśmienna legend św. Stefana
Authors: Grzesik Ryszard
Published: August 2022

Świętość władcy jest fenomenem średniowiecznego chrześcijaństwa. Szczególnie Węgry rozwinęły taki rodzaj patronów Królestwa, podczas gdy idea błogosławiona dynastia pojawiła się w XIII wieku. Trzech członków dynastii Arpadów zostało kanonizowanych w XI i XII wieku: Święty Szczepan, jego syn St Emmerich i św. Władysław. W mojej pracy analizuję hagiografię pierwszego króla węgierskiego, świętego Szczepana (Szt. István). Trzy jego opisy życia o nazwie Legendae zostały napisane na jego kanonizację w 1083 roku a ostatni powstał na początku 12 wieku. Legenda maior, Legenda minor i Legenda skomponował biskup Győr Hartvich, który na początku drugiej połowy XII wieku połączył teksty obu wcześniejszych Legend. Podczas gdy obie pierwsze legendy straciły popularność po około stu latach (3 rękopisy z przełomu XII i XIII wieku i tylko jedna z XV wieku pozostał do czasu dzisiejszego), Legenda Hartvicha była bardzo popularny w całym średniowieczu i czasach nowożytnych i została potwierdzona jako oficjalny tekst liturgiczny przez papieża Innocentego III w 1201 roku. Dlatego zgadzam się z tradycją manuskryptu. Istnieją dwa wczesne kodeksy, w których napisano tekst Legendy. Jednym z nich jest Kodeks Biblioteki Budapeszteńskiej nr 17, który jest w rzeczywistości kompilacją dwóch części. Jednym z nich jest legendarny związany z Kościołem augsburskim i napisany gdzieś w XIII wieku. Druga część to Legenda Hartvicha, napisana prawdopodobnie w XII wieku.
Ślady na murach kościoła św. Mikołaja w Gniewie, jako wyraz lęku przed nagłą śmiercią
Authors: Pauch Seweryn
Published: August 2022

Artykuł prezentuje związki specyficznych śladów staropolskiej religijności, jakimi są dołki powstałe na skutek stosowania śladów po świdrach ogniowych, ze zjawiskiem nagłej śmierci. Zagadnienie to zostało przeanalizowane na przykładzie kościoła pw. św. Mikołaja w Gniewie. Wokół tej świątyni odkryto w ostatnich latach szereg artefaktów, które pozwoliły na ich powiązanie z tzw. „dołkami pokutnymi”. Zaliczyć należy do nich masowe pochówki i krzyżyki karawakowe, odkryte podczas badań archeologicznych. Dodatkowym materiałem, pomocnym w badaniach, okazały się opisy wizytacyjne, wymieniające istniejący w przeszłości ołtarz św. Rocha oraz wzmianki o epidemii w XVII w. Ta baza źródłowa, jak też znaczenie poszczególnych kierunków świata w kościele orientowanym, prowadzą do wniosku, iż ślady te są reliktem oczyszczania ogniem dusz osób zmarłych śmiercią nagłą. Dusze te nie mogły zaznać zbawienia, więc czynność niecenia „żywego” ognia o mur kościoła, miała im to ułatwić.
Tło społeczno-polityczne nauczania św. J.S. Pelczara
Authors: Adamiak Stanisław
Published: August 2022

W artykule wyjaśniono, w jaki sposób nauczanie św. Józefa Sebastiana Pelczara, zwłaszcza w dziedzinie życia społecznego, a także w odniesieniu do kwestii politycznych i gospodarczych, było w dużej mierze pod wpływem atmosfery politycznej epoki oraz wydarzeń, takich jak koniec państwa kościelnego, Komuny Paryskiej oraz ogólnym wzrostem socjalizmu, antyklerykalizmu i Masonerii. Józef Stefan Pelczar starał się znaleźć odpowiednie odpowiedzi na te zagrożenia dla kościoła, zwłaszcza poprzez promowanie różnych organizacji katolickich.
Duchowni katoliccy zaangażowani w działalność obwodu buskiego "Służba Wolnej Polsce" w świetle dokumentów aparatu bezpieczeństwa
Authors: Trepka Tomasz
Published: August 2022

Działalność księży Stanisława Połetka oraz Stefana Rzemieńca stanowiła przykład bezkompromisowej walki z dyktaturą komunistyczną w Polsce. Byli oddanymi sługami nauki Kościoła katolickiego oraz obrońcami suwerenności i demokracji. Zapłacili za to wysoką cenę. Skazani na kary bezwzględnego pozbawienia wolności mieli poddać się indoktrynacji Polski „ludowej”. W latach 1949-1955 duchowni stanowili cel numer jeden dla władz partyjno-państwowych, których próbowano zmarginalizować za wszelką cenę, m.in. poprzez podkopywanie ich autorytetu i poparcia społecznego. Mimo nagonki na polskich duchownych, pozostali oni aż do 1989 roku najbardziej nieprzejednanymi oponentami poprzedniego systemu.
PENGARUH REMEDIAL TEACHING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA SD NEGERI 003 BALLA KECAMATAN BALLA KABUPATEN MAMASA
Authors: Christian Arruanlipu , Az Zahra Fathimah
Published: August 2022

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Pre-Experimental One Group Pretest-Posttest, yaitu memberikan tes sebelum adanya perlakuan, kemudian memberikan tes setelah adanya perlakuan dengan menggunakan Remedial Teaching. Perlakuan dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Remedial Teaching terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas V SDN 003 Balla Kecamatan Balla Kabupaten Mamasa berpengaruh positif atau tidak terhadap hasil belajar. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V sebanyak 25 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik tes dan observasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis juga dengan menggunakan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh Remedial Teaching terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas V SDN 003 Balla Kecamatan Balla Kabupaten Mamasa. Hal ini dapat dilihat berdasarkan hasil uji-t diperoleh thitung> ttabel atau 8,04 > 2,61. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara Remedial Teaching terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SCRAMBLE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA VIDEO TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA SDN 112 BOTTO KABUPATEN WAJO
Authors: Nurwidyayanti Nurwidyayanti , Arsyad Susalti Nur
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran scramble dengan menggunakan media video terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas III. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN 112 Botto Kabupaten Wajo tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pre-experimental Design bentuk One-Group Pretest-Posttest. Sampel terdiri dari 1 kelas yang berjumlah 17 siswa. Pengambilan sampel ini dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil pretest dan postest yang berupa soal pilihan ganda berjumlah 6 soal. Proses analisis data menggunakan uji-t dengan bantuan program SPSS 16,0.

Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas III yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran scramble dengan menggunakan media video lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rata-rata hasil belajar IPS siswa yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional yaitu 33,06  > 70,59. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji pengaruh (effect size) dengan menggunakan rumus perhitungan Cohen’s d, diperoleh nila effect size (d) sebesar 1,00. Dengan demikian nilai effect size yang diperoleh menginterpretasikan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran scramble dengan menggunakan media video memiliki pengaruh dalam kategori besar. Dengan demikian, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang baik dari penggunaan model pembelajaran scramble dengan menggunakan media video terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa SDN 112 Botto Kabupaten Wajo.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MONETARY POLICY OF EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND GEORGIA
Authors: Dzotsenidze Tsitsino
Published: August 2022

Relevance of the study: Central banks exert their influence on the economy by changing the money supply using appropriate instruments in a free financial market. The combination of these tools gives us the operational framework of the National Bank.

Aim of the research: to study the instruments (operational framework) of monetary policy regulation of Georgia, Moldova and Montenegro, to identify problems and to find ways to solve them.

Research Methods: Use of comparative analysis method based on the database of the National Bank of Georgia, Geostat and the International Monetary Fund.

The impact of Georgia's monetary policy regime and instruments on the country's macroeconomic indicators, such as inflation and GDP growth rates.
Analysis of the macroeconomic parameters, monetary policy regime and regulatory instruments of Moldova and Montenegro.
Comparative analysis of the operational framework of the monetary policy of Georgia, Moldova and Montenegro and ways to solve the identified problems.
Monetary policy only changes the future outlook for inflation, and central banks respond to one-time exogenous factors when those factors are so strong that they reflect long-term inflation expectations. Therefore, further tightening of monetary policy (already tightened) will lead to a slowdown in GDP growth and unemployment. According to current forecasts, the inflation rate in 2022 will remain high.

Given that the role of temporary and exogenous factors in inflation remains to be determined, while monetary policy is still in a tightening phase, the National Bank has decided to maintain the current level of interest rates. However, in the face of strong supply shocks, the threat of further growth in inflation is still relevant. Against the background of these inflationary risks, a tightening of monetary policy or an increase in interest rates is probably still expected.
Addressing the elephant in the room: Ethics as an organizing concept in history education
Authors:   University of British Columbia, Gibson Lindsay , Milligan Andrea ,   Victoria University of Wellington, Peck Carla ,   University of Alberta
Published: August 2022

Ethics is the proverbial ‘elephant in the room’ in history education in settler-colonial nations. It is foundational to teaching and learning history and engaging with the ongoing effects of the past in the present. Yet its place in history curricula and teaching continues to be ignored, understated, confused, and challenged. This article illustrates how ethical judgment is central to four commonly identified rationales for teaching history in schools: citizenship education, historical consciousness, historical thinking, and difficult histories. The article urges more explicit attention to ethics as an organizing concept in history education to enable students to appreciate the complex lived realities that constitute history and to explore the diverse perspectives that have contributed to sometimes-difficult decisions. We argue that ethics can humanize history, enrich students’ historical understandings, and offer a usable past. However, given the varied approaches to ethical judgment across the four orientations to teaching history, we stress the need for the mindful deployment of ethical judgment in curriculum design. Using an example from the 2021 draft Aotearoa New Zealand’s Histories curriculum, we demonstrate what “ethical judgment” could be called upon to do, and the impoverished approach to history education that would exist without it.
Awareness and Knowledge of Cancer Rehabilitation Among Medical Resident Doctors:
A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: P Patel Neha , S Sheth Megha
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Cancer and its problems are on a rise. The role of physiotherapy in cancer is well established, but awareness among doctors and residents is not clear. The purpose of the study was to find the awareness and knowledge of physiotherapy and cancer rehabilitation among medical resident doctors.
Methods: A Google self-designed Questionnaire was generated, which was circulated via whatsapp in different medical groups. The questionnaires took 5-10 minutes to complete. Descriptive analysis was done in Google spread sheet.
Results: 94.1% of the medical resident doctors reported that they are aware about physiotherapy. Only 54.1% of medical resident doctors were aware of cancer rehabilitation. Of them, 91.3% had knowledge about cancer physiotherapy. They had knowledge that the following symptoms could be improved by physiotherapy - range of motion (87%), pain (87%), decreased muscle strength and fatigue (80.4%) in post cancer patients and were unaware about role in weight loss, depression, reduced quality of life. 36.9% resident doctors were unaware about physiotherapy for lymphedema. 93.5% medical resident doctors knew that exercise therapy can be given, only 50% knew that electrotherapy may be given.10.9% medical resident doctors are unaware about improved quality of life by physiotherapy treatment in cancer patients.
Conclusion: Awareness about physiotherapy and cancer rehabilitation among residents is moderate. There is a need to educate medical resident doctors about fields of cancer rehabilitation or cancer physiotherapy, treatment and education programs.

Keywords: Awareness, cancer rehabilitation, knowledge, doctors
Adiposity, Blood Glucose and Insulin Levels in Adolescents and Young Adults in Mumbai City: Association with Consumption of Milk and Milk Products
Authors: Goyal Aditi , A Udipi Shobha , Vaidya Rama
Published: August 2022

Background & Aim: Milk has been studied extensively for its potential benefits, and some possible harmful effects on health. However, there is a paucity of Indian data in this context. Therefore, this study examined the association between milk consumption and anthropometric measurements, body composition and biochemical markers of glycaemic control in young adults (16-25 years) in Mumbai city.
Material & Methods: 1313 young adults who had participated in a previous study between 2017 to 2019, were approached, among whom 563 agreed to participate. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, body composition and biochemical markers of glycaemic control had been done during the original screening. These data were used to examine the association with milk consumption. Information about their milk consumption practices was obtained in 2020 and 2021 through personal interviews of participants.
Results: 28 participants did not consume milk and were excluded from the statistical analysis. Daily mean milk consumption was 314 ± 239 mL. Daily milk consumption was divided into quartiles. Although, anthropometric measurements and glycaemic markers did not differ significantly between the four quartiles of milk consumption, participants in Q1 and Q2 tended to have a higher per cent body fat, HC, and fasting and stimulated insulin. Also, mean muscle mass in Q4 was significantly higher than in the lower three quartiles.
Conclusion: Results show some trends that are in line with existing literature supporting the beneficial role of milk in health. Larger epidemiological studies on Indians are warranted to confirm these trends.

Keywords: milk, diabetes, obesity, body fat, milk products, adolescents.
The Relation Between Vitamin D Level with Acute Otitis Media and its Recurrence in Children, Aden, Yemen
Authors: Abobaker Alshaiby Saleh Mohamed
Published: August 2022

Background: Acute otitis media are most common pediatric diseases. Lack of vitamin D is a risk of otitis media and its recurrences.
Objective: To investigate the relation between vitamin D level and otitis media and its recurrences.
Materials and method: This retrospective study conducted in Aden, between January 2019 and December 2020.
Results: Eighty-five children with otitis media were studied and they were (51.8%) males and (48.2%) females. The mean age of patients was 5.6 ± 2.8 years. Most of the patients (56.5%) were between 1 to 5 years old.
Fever represented (56.5%) in the age group 1 – 5 years old. The difference between values is statistically significance (p = 0.000).
In the age group 1-5 years we found congested hyperamic tympanic membrane (43.5%) followed by the bulge tympanic membrane (9.4%).
Highly significant differences found between otoscopic findings and the age groups (p = 0.000).
Recurrent attack of acute otitis media seem to be higher in the age group 1 – 5 years old; (p = 0.041).
Most (82.3%) of the patients had deficient vitamin D level followed by patients with insufficient vitamin D level (11.8%).
The recurrent attacks in the deficient group represented with 3 times (30.5%) followed by 4 times (22.4%). Highly significant differences were found between recurrent attacks and level of vitamin D (p = 0.000).
Conclusion: Our study showed relation between abnormal level of vitamin D and recurrent acute otitis media mostly in the age group from 1-5 years.

Keywords: Relation, vitamin D, otitis media, children.
AKTIVITAS ANTIHIPERURISEMIA EKTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) PADA MENCIT JANTAN HIPERURISEMIA
Authors: Sinata Novia , Dona Rahma , Muthuiâ€™ah Muthuiâ€™ah
Published: August 2022

Hiperurisemia adalahÂ  peningkatanÂ  kadarÂ  asamÂ  urat darah di atas normal. HiperurisemiaÂ  terjadiÂ  akibatÂ  meningkatnyaÂ  produksiÂ  atau menurunnyaÂ  pembuanganÂ  asamÂ  urat,Â  atau kombinasiÂ  keduanya. Asam urat merupakan hasil akhir metabolisme purin dalam tubuh. Penyakit gout merupakan gangguan inflamasi akut yang ditandai dengan pembengkakan pada sendi disebabkan kadar asam urat yang tinggi (hiperurisemia). Salah satu tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai obat tradisional untuk hiperurisemia adalah daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antihiperurisemia ekstrak etanol dari daun pandan wangi terhadap kadar asam urat darah mencit jantan hiperurisemia.Tiga puluh ekor mencit dibagi menjadi enam kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kelompok kontrol negative (diberi jus hati sapi 0,6 ml/20gBB), kelompok kontrol positif (alopurinol 13 mg/kgBB), kelompok dosis 200 mg/kgBB, kelompok dosis 400 mg/kgBB dan kelompok dosis 800 mg/kgBB.Penginduksian hiperurisemia dilakukan dengan menggunakan Makanan Diet Purin tinggi (MDPT) jus hati sapi segar. Pemeriksaan kadar asam urat menggunakan metode Point of Care Testing (POCT) dengan menggunakan alat digital EasyTouchÂ®GCU. Hasil yang didapat ekstrak etanol dari daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) dosis 200mg/kgBB, 400mg/kgBBdan 800 mg/kgBB dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat darah pada mencit putih jantan secara signifikan (P<0,05). Potensi ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi dosis 400 mg/kgbb dan 800 mg/kgBB setara dengan allopurinol dosis 13 mg/kgBB dalam menurunkan kadar asam urat mencit hiperurisemia (P>0,05).
INHIBITION OF SELECTIVE AND NON-SELECTIVE SICLOOXYIGENASE ON ANSIOLITIC EFFECTS INDUCED DIAZEPAM IN MICE
Authors: Nuari Doni Anshar , Yuniar Cindra Tri , Jaidi Ahmad , Hamdani Siva , Fadhila Genialita
Published: August 2022

Stress is the source of many sociological, medical, and economic problems. Moreover, stresses are known as the etiology of several diseases. Prostaglandins and all four receptors affect the brain, even thought to affect behavior. Hence, the inactivation of cyclooxygenase (COX) causes a decrease in levels of prostaglandins that contribute to stress development, thus decreasing the anxiolytic effect of diazepam. This study aims to see the effect of selective and non-selective COX inhibitors decreasing the Anxiolytic effect of diazepam using the EPM (Elevated Plus Maze) method in male white mice; animals were grouped to use Tragakan 2%, Diazepam 0.065 mg/kg BB and Tragakan 2% after an hour, Diazepam 0.065 mg/kg BB and then an hour later gives Ketoprofen 0.65 mg/kg BB for non-selective COX Inhibitor effect group, Diazepam 0.065 mg/kg BW, and then an hour later gives Celecoxib 0.65 mg/kg BB for group use of selective Cox-2 Inhibitor, test parameter in this study is the duration in open arm. Results showing decreased duration on open arm group has given diazepam combination ketoprofen or celecoxib are different P value <0.05 than diazepam only. Decline duration was highest shown by animals given celecoxib, so that could be stated gift selective COX-2 inhibitors bring down the effect of anxiolytic diazepam bigger.
THE NEED FOR PHARMACOVIGILANCE
Authors: PATHAK SONAM , PACHAURI SHANU , NAZM MOHD ZEESHAN
Published: August 2022

SONAM PATHAK, SHANU PACHAURI, MOHD ZEESHAN NAZM
Optimize Naïve Bayes Classifier Using Chi Square and Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency For Amazon Review Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Falasari Anisa , Muslim Much Aziz
Published: August 2022

The rapid development of the internet has made information flow rapidly wich has an impact on the world of commerce. Some people who have bought a product will write their opinion on social media or other online site. Long-text buyer reviews need a machine to recognize opinions. Sentiment analysis applies the text mining method. One of the methods applied in sentiment analysis is classification. One of the classification algorithms is the naïve bayes classifier. Naïve bayes classifier is a classification method with good efficiency and performance. However, it is very sensitive with too many features, wich makes the accuracy low. To improve the accuracy of the naïve bayes classifier algorithm it can be done by selecting features. One of the feature selection is chi square. The selection of features with chi square calculation based on the top-K value that has been determined, namely 450. In addition, weighting features can also improve the accuracy of the naïve bayes classifier algorithm. One of the feature weighting techniques is term frequency inverse document frequency (TF-IDF). In this study, using sentiment labelled dataset (field amazon_labelled) obtained from UCI Machine Learning. This dataset has 500 positive reviews and 500 negative reviews. The accuracy of the naïve bayes classifier in the amazon review sentiment analysis was 82%. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the naïve bayes classifier by applying chi square and TF-IDF is 83%.
The Relationship between the Quality of Early Childhood Education and Socioeconomic Background of Children
Authors: ÖZGÜNLÜ Merve , METİNDOĞAN Ayşegül
Published: August 2022

The quality of early childhood education (ECE) schools and classrooms have been studied by many researchers. The results indicated that there is a considerable gap in terms of quality among ECE schools and classrooms. There is inequality among children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds in attending high-quality ECE. It is known that a high proportion of the child population is currently attending public ECE schools. Therefore, the current study aims to get comprehensive data about the quality of public ECE classrooms and descriptive data about children’s socioeconomic backgrounds. Based on this, the current study aims to assess whether there is a relationship between these two factors and whether there is a gap among children in terms of reaching high-quality public ECE. This study is correlational research. The Non-random purposive sampling method is used for the data collection. The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between parents’ socioeconomic factors and the quality of ECE classrooms. The study contributed to the ECE literature by identifying the factors related to children, parents, teachers, and the quality of ECE classrooms. There is a need for further research in Turkey that defines and investigates the quality of ECE from a multidimensional perspective and particularly including families, schools, educational programs, and culture.
Causa infrecuente de abdomen agudo biliar
Authors: Jaramillo Arias Daniela , Diana Rodríguez Leidy , Salamida Alejandra , Paba Molina Maringela , Roccatagliata Nicolás , Larrañaga Nebil
Published: August 2022

Paciente de 73 años, con antecedente reciente de internación prolongada por infección COVID. Presenta como antecedentes de salud relevantes hipertensión arterial y mutismo. Consulta en la guardia por síndrome anémico, dolor abdominal y fiebre. Se solicitan exámenes de laboratorio en los que se evidencian leucocitosis (14900/mm3) y anemia (Hemoglobina 5,4 g/dL, hematocrito 17,3%). Se realiza además una tomografía computarizada multidetector (TCMD) con contraste EV (Figuras 1, 2, 3). En el estudio se observa la vesícula distendida con contenido espontáneamente hiperdenso en su interior. Se realiza laparotomía de urgencia.
Litotricia con láser por colangioscopia directa peroral en litiasis biliar complicada. Reporte de casos
Authors: Abecia Víctor Hugo , Giménez Fernando Ignacio , Mahler Manuel , Manazzoni Dante , Pizzala Juan , Villaverde Augusto , Marcolongo Mariano
Published: August 2022

Los cálculos del conducto biliar común se resuelven, habitualmente, a través de una colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica. En ocasiones, la coledocolitiasis resulta un desafío terapéutico, ya sea por la morfología de los litos, el tamaño, la consistencia o la relación de estos con el calibre y la anatomía de la vía biliar. La coledocolitiasis gigante plantea un desafío terapéutico para el cual, afortunadamente, contamos con cada vez más herramientas para su tratamiento endoscópico. Entre las opciones disponibles, mencionamos la esfinteroplastia con balón de grandes volúmenes, la litotricia mecánica con canastilla, la litotricia extracorpórea y la litotricia guiada por colangioscopia, ya sea electrohidráulica o con láser. Presentamos dos casos de coledocolitiasis gigantes tratadas con litotricia con láser guiada por colangioscopia.
El primer caso es el de una paciente de sexo femenino, de 70 años, colecistecomizada y derivada de otro centro por coledocolitiasis gigante, con dos intentos de resolución fallidos por colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica. El segundo caso se trata de un paciente masculino, de 58 años, colecistectomizado, con un intento previo de colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica por coledocolitiasis gigante, sin éxito.
Ambos fueron tratados con éxito a través de litotricia con láser guiada por colangioscopia, en una sola sesión.
Páncreas Heterotópico en Intestino Delgado: Serie de casos con correlación anatomopatológica
Authors: Barahona Daniela , Schiappacasse Giancarlo , Fauré Maria Ignacia , González Valenzuela Pablo , Benoit Elisa , Gallardo Alejandra , Cavalla Cristian
Published: August 2022

El páncreas heterotópico corresponde a tejido pancreático fuera de su localización habitual. Dentro de sus localizaciones más frecuentes, se encuentran el duodeno, el estómago y el yeyuno proximal. En la mayoría de los casos es un hallazgo imagenológico incidental, cuyo diagnóstico definitivo se obtiene a través de un estudio histológico, ya que sus características no son patognomónicas. En este trabajo describimos una serie de cuatro casos de páncreas heterotópicos como nódulos yeyunales incidentales, visualizados mediante tomografía computada y tomografía por emisión de positrones, todos con confirmación histológica posquirúrgica.
Reconocimiento y abordaje del paciente con síndrome de rumiación
Authors: Manresa Mercedes
Published: August 2022

El síndrome de rumiación es un trastorno funcional gastroduodenal que se caracteriza por la regurgitación, recurrente y sin esfuerzo, de alimentos recientemente ingeridos hasta la boca. El material regurgitado puede ser masticado y deglutido nuevamente o expulsado hacia el exterior. En la práctica clínica, la mayoría de los pacientes refieren la presencia de “reflujo” o “vómitos” y, si no se realiza una anamnesis detallada con preguntas dirigidas, los síntomas suelen interpretarse erróneamente, lo que lleva a realizar múltiples exámenes complementarios y tratamientos innecesarios que no resuelven el problema. En los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico refractaria, es fundamental distinguir entre regurgitación posprandial persistente y síndrome de rumiación. La importancia de este diagnóstico diferencial radica en que el síndrome de rumiación se beneficia de intervenciones en el comportamiento, a diferencia de los tratamientos médicos o quirúrgicos indicados en los pacientes en los que se confirma la presencia de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico refractaria.
EVALUATION OF SLIMMING DIETS, ORTHOREXIA NERVOSA AND QUALITY OF LIFE RELATIONSHIP OF HEALTH SCIENCES FACULTY STUDENTS
Authors: YILMAZ Ebrunur , VAROL AVCILAR Özlem , KUYULU BOZDOĞAN Fatma Bengü , TAZEOĞLU Aybala , GÖFER Fatmanur , BİLGİÇ Ayşegül
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction and Aim: This study was carried out to evaluate dieting status, orthorexia neurosis (ON) and quality of life relationship in osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Health Sciences students.
Materials and Methods: In March 2021, 235 volunteer students from Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Faculty of Health Sciences participated in the cross-sectional descriptive type of research. The data were collected by Sociodemographic İnformation Form, Orthorexia Neurosis Assessment Scale (ORTO-15) and Quality of Life Scale (SF-36). Chi-Square test and Independent Sample T-Test were used in statistical analyses and the signiation value was accepted as p<0.05.
Results: It was determined that 81.3% of students tended to be ON and 96.9% of male students showed orthorectric tendencies, while 78.8% of girls showed orthorectric tendencies. A statistically significant relationship between gender variability and ORTO-15 scores was found (p<0.05). A significant relationship was found between how students followed the diet and ORTO-15 score (p<0.05). SF-36 scale subheading scores were examined in students with and without ON tendencies and there was no statistically significant relationship (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In our study, the proportion of students who tended to orthorexia was found to be high (81.3%) and students who dieted on their own tended to have higher orthorexia.
EFFECTS OF PREGNANCY ON FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTION
Authors: ŞENTÜRK ERENEL Ayten , PELİT AKSU Sıdıka , KOÇ Gülten
Published: August 2022

Background/Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of pregnancy on female sexual function.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted in a descriptive manner. Data were collected through form developed by the researchers. The study was carried out in the prenatal polyclinic of a university hospital in Turkey. The sampling involved 179 women matching the study criteria according to power analysis. At the outset, ethics committee approval, written consent of the related institution and participating women were obtained.

Results: It was determined that nearly half of the pregnant women had information about sex and that they received this information mostly from healthcare personnel (60.2%). A majority (58.7%) of the pregnant women stated that their pregnancies affected their sex life and that the first three factors influencing them were fear of miscarriage (59.1%), change in body image (36.2%), and hormonal change (30.5%). It was found that sexual desire level, the frequency of sexual intercourse, satisfaction, pain, stimulation level, orgasm, and vaginal lubrication were negatively affected compared to the period before pregnancy, and that the adverse conditions increased as the pregnancy progressed (p
Compressed sensing with a jackknife and a bootstrap
Authors: Defazio Aaron , Tygert Mark , Ward Rachel , Zbontar Jure
Published: August 2022

Compressed sensing proposes to reconstruct more degrees of freedom in a signal than the number of values actually measured (based on a potentially unjustified regularizer or prior distribution). Compressed sensing therefore risks introducing errors -- inserting spurious artifacts or masking the abnormalities that medical imaging seeks to discover. Estimating errors using the standard statistical tools of a jackknife and a bootstrap yields "error bars" in the form of full images that are remarkably qualitatively representative of the actual errors (at least when evaluated and validated on data sets for which the ground truth and hence the actual error is available). These images show the structure of possible errors -- without recourse to measuring the entire ground truth directly -- and build confidence in regions of the images where the estimated errors are small. Further visualizations and summary statistics can aid in the interpretation of such error estimates. Visualizations include suitable colorizations of the reconstruction, as well as the obvious "correction" of the reconstruction by subtracting off the error estimates. The canonical summary statistic would be the root-mean-square of the error estimates. Unfortunately, colorizations appear likely to be too distracting for actual clinical practice in medical imaging, and the root-mean-square gets swamped by background noise in the error estimates. Fortunately, straightforward displays of the error estimates and of the "corrected" reconstruction are illuminating, and the root-mean-square improves greatly after mild blurring of the error estimates; the blurring is barely perceptible to the human eye yet smooths away background noise that would otherwise overwhelm the root-mean-square.