bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reformist Pedagojinin Bir Yansıması Olarak Osmanlı İttihat Mektepleri 1911 Programının Pedagojik Açıdan İncelenmesi
Authors: Aktan Sümer
Published: March 2023

19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru Avrupa ve Amerika’da güçlenen reformist pedagoji kısa zamanda Asya ve Uzakdoğu’da yayılmaya başlamıştır. Geleneksel eğitime tepki olarak ortaya çıkan bu pedagoji geleneksel eğitim düşüncesinin görmezden geldiği çocuğu eğitimin merkezine almış ve okul ile hayat arasındaki uçurumun ortadan kaldırılması bağlamında önemli atılımlar gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu pedagojik yönelim Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda özellikle 1908 sonrası dönemde hem siyasi hem de pedagojik gündemi oldukça fazla meşgul etmiştir. İmparatorluğun maddi ve manevi kurtuluşunu eğitimde gören geç Osmanlı dönemi aydınları için bu tarz bir eğitim düşüncesi oldukça cazip gelmiştir. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda siyasi ve kültürel hayatta oldukça önemli rol oynayan köklü bir hareket olan İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti (İTC) de bu tartışmalara hem fikrî hem de pratik olarak katılmıştır. İTC’nin özellikle Rum ve Ermeni okulları ile rekabet edebilecek özel okulları teşvik ettiği görülmektedir. Bu özel okullar içinde Osmanlı İttihat Mektepleri de bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı reformist pedagojinin, geç Osmanlı döneminde İTC katkıları ile gelişen Osmanlı İttihat Mekteplerinin eğitim programına nasıl yansıdığını anlamaktır. Okulun eğitim programı üzerinde yapılan inceleme bir özel okul olarak kurulan Osmanlı İttihat Mekteplerinin eğitim programının dönemin diğer okullarından farklı olarak reformist çizgileri çok daha net bir şekilde gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
The Formality of Decentralisation in The Ottoman Empire
Authors: Byczkowski Jan Gwidon
Published: March 2023

While scientists acknowledge the existence of autonomous entities within the Ottoman Realm, no concerted effort seems to be in place to summarise and categorise them properly regarding the method of their establishment and maintenance throughout their histories. This article is an attempt to close this gap by providing a detailed landscape of decentralised arrangements throughout its vast realm. To this end, we will distinguish three major types of decentralisation concerning their formality: formal and informal or legal and non-legal, as well as the third, “quasi-formal”. Throughout the study, we found out that while most of the decentralised arrangements could be categorised as formal, the informal and quasi-formal autonomy was also thriving within the empire and some of these instances have managed to survive centuries without formalisation or abolishment by the Ottomans.
Studies on the mixing of liquid jets and pre-atomized sprays in confined swirling air flows for lean direct injection combustion
Authors:   , Huh Jun-Young , Cernansky Nicholas Peter , Choi Kyung Jin
Published: March 2023

A lean direct injection (LDI) combustion concept was introduced recently to obtain both low NOx emissions and high performance for advanced aircraft gas turbine engines. It was reported that pollutant emissions, especially NOx, in a lean combustion mode depend significantly on the degree of mixing (mixedness) of supplied air and liquid fuel droplets. From a viewpoint of environmental protection, therefore, uniform mixing of fuel and air in a very short period of time, i.e., well-stirred mixing, is crucially important in the LDI combustion mode. In the present study, as the first stage toward understanding the combustion phenomena in a lean direct injection (LDI) mode, the hydrodynamic behavior of liquid jets and pre-atomized sprays in confined swirling air flows is investigated. Laser-based flow visualization and image analysis techniques are applied to analyze the instantaneous motion of the mixing process of the jets and pre-atomized sprays. Statistical analysis system (SAS) software is utilized to analyze the experimental data, and correlate experimental parameters. Statistical parameters, such as centrality, degree of spread, and total area ratio of particles, are defined in this study, and used to quantify the mixedness (degree of mixing) of liquid particles in confined geometry. Two empirical equations are obtained to predict jet intact lengths and spray angles, respectively, in confined swirling air flows. It is found that initial jet characteristics, such as intact length and spray angle, determine the mixing of the liquid particles resulting from the jet. It is verified that image analysis is feasible in quantitative determination of the mixedness of liquid particles. Even though substantial improvements in liquid fuel injector systems are required before they can be considered adequate for LDI combustion at high pressure and high temperature, the results and ideas obtained from the present study will help engineers find better mixing methods for LDI combustors.
Mixed Sports Evaluation of the Variation between the Main Biomarkers Induced by Different Forms of Exercise
Authors: Gonçalves Luis Carlos Oliveira , Verli Márcio Vinícius de Abreu , Macedo Leonardo dos Santos , Magalhães Neto Aníbal Monteiro de
Published: March 2023

AbstractSportomics studies are essential to understand the impact on metabolism exerted by each training method and sport. To observe the impact on biomarkers induced by four exercises: CrossCombat™, Jiu-Jitsu, Parajiu-Jitsu, and a spirometric treadmill test. 41 adult male, 12 Jiu-Jitsu, 03 ParaJiu-Jitsu, 16 Mixed Martial Arts, and ten running athletes. The percentage variation of 772% (Lactate) in the Parajiu Jitsu is noteworthy. An increase in creatininemia was only in Jiu-Jitsu. The percentage variations in the Anion Gap had a positive behavior, but with different amplitudes, so that the treadmill running test caused a variation of 187.1%, followed by Parajiu Jitsu 157.9%, 64.3% for the HIFT, even with 40 minutes of duration and only 42.8% for the Jiu-Jitsu. More significant stress to the acid-base balance caused by ParaJiu Jitsu to lactate, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate, leading to an anion gap change close to the running test. It is noteworthy that even the CCombat using fighting movements combined with running and jumping generated smaller percentage variations in hematocrit, lactate, glucose, potassium, bicarbonate, and anion gap, putting it as a safe method from a metabolic point of view, even with a total duration much longer than the other sports studied.
Keywords: Sportomics. High-Intensity. Metabolism. Sports.
ResumoOs estudos da esportômica são essenciais para entender o impacto no metabolismo exercido por cada método de treinamento e esporte. Observar o impacto nos biomarcadores induzidos por quatro exercícios: CrossCombat™, Jiu-Jitsu, Parajiu-Jitsu e teste espirométrico em esteira. 41 adultos do sexo masculino, 12 de Jiu-Jitsu, 03 de ParaJiu-Jitsu, 16 de Mixed Martial Arts e dez atletas de corrida. Destaca-se a variação percentual de 772% (Lactato) no Parajiu Jitsu. O aumento da creatininemia foi apenas no Jiu-Jitsu. As variações percentuais no Anion Gap tiveram um comportamento positivo, mas com amplitudes diferentes, de modo que o teste de corrida em esteira causou uma variação de 187,1%, seguido do Parajiu Jitsu 157,9%, 64,3% para o HIFT, mesmo com 40 minutos de duração e apenas 42,8% para o Jiu-Jitsu. Estresse mais significativo no equilíbrio ácido-base causado pelo ParaJiu Jitsu ao lactato, sódio, potássio e bicarbonato, levando a uma alteração do gap aniônico próximo ao teste de corrida. Vale ressaltar que mesmo o CCombat utilizando movimentos de luta combinados com corrida e salto gerou menores variações percentuais de hematócrito, lactato, glicose, potássio, bicarbonato e anion gap, colocando-o como um método seguro do ponto de vista metabólico, mesmo com uma duração total muito maior do que os outros esportes estudados.
Palavras-chave: Sportomica. Treinamento de Alta Intensidade. Metabolismo. Esporte.
The effect of organizational capital on tax avoidance with gender diversity and CEO overconfidence as moderator
Authors: Rossa Elia , Husadha Cahyadi
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe number of companies that report losses to avoid taxes increases significantly. This becomes a concern of the government. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of organizational capital on tax avoidance with gender diversity and CEO overconfidence as moderators. The samples used in this study were manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2016-2021 through a purposive sampling method. This data is analyzed by using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. The results indicate that organizational capital increases tax avoidance, and gender diversity affects organizational capital on tax avoidance, but CEO overconfidence does not affect the relationship between organizational capital on tax avoidance. This study shows that less confident CEOs tend to take less risk because they put companies’ long-term contingent risk at stake.AbstrakJumlah perusahaan yang melaporkan kerugian untuk menghindari pajak meningkat secara signifikan. Hal ini menjadi perhatian pemerintah. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk memeriksa efek modal organisasi pada penghindaran pajak dengan keragaman gender dan kepercayaan diri eksekutif yang berlebihan (CEO overconfidence) sebagai moderator. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (IDX) selama 2016-2021 melalui metode sampling khusus. Data ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi persegi terendah biasa (OLS). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa modal organisasi meningkatkan penghindaran pajak, dan keanekaragaman gender mempengaruhi modal organisasi terhadap penghindaran pajak, tetapi kepercayaan diri eksekutif yang berlebihan tidak mempengaruhi hubungan antara modal organisasi dengan penghindaran pajak. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa CEO yang kurang percaya diri cenderung mengambil risiko yang lebih sedikit karena mereka mempertaruhkan risiko kontinjensi jangka panjang perusahaan.
Characteristics and disclosure of local government financial statements
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Novika Ofifah Dwi , Kawedar Warsito , Rahardjo Shiddiq Nur
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aims to examine the effect of local government characteristics on district/city Regional Government Financial Statements (LKPD) disclosures. Examination of the Characteristics of the Local Government will provide a better understanding of the disclosure of district/city Regional Government Financial Statements (LKPD). This study's independent variable consists of own-source revenue, level of dependence, total asset, capital expenditures, total population, and employee spending findings. The dependent variable is LGFR disclosure. The samples in this study are local governments with a 5-year observation period from 2016-2020. The examples were selected using the purposive sampling technique and acquired 175 pieces, which the district/city government compiled in Central Java Province and through the BPK examination process. The analytical method in this study is multiple regression analysis. The research results show that the level of dependence, total assets, capital expenditures, total population, and employee spending significantly affect the LGFR disclosure. At the same time, own-source revenue has no significant effect on the LGFR disclosure. The findings on the PAD variable align with the fact that PAD information is optional to be the focus of reporting in LKPD.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh karakteristik pemerintah daerah terhadap pengungkapan Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (LKPD). Pengujian atas karakteristik Pemerintah Daerah akan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik atas pengungkapan Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari sumber kekayaan asli daerah (PAD), ketergantungan daerah, total aset, belanja modal, jumlah penduduk, dan belanja pegawai. Untuk variabel dependen yaitu pengungkapan LKPD. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota dengan periode pengamatan tahun 2016-2020. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh data sebanyak 175 sampel yang disusun pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah serta sudah melalui proses pemeriksaan BPK. Metode analisis pada penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total aset berpengaruh secara signifikan dan positif terhadap pengungkapan LKPD. Ketergantungan daerah, total aset, belanja modal, jumlah penduduk, dan belanja pegawai berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan LKPD. Sedangkan, sumber kekayaan asli daerah (PAD) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan LKPD. Hasil temuan atas variabel PAD ini sejalan dengan bahwa informasi PAD tidak menjadi fokus pelaporan dalam LKPD.
An interesting case of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis
Authors: Guptha L. R. Srinivasa , Rajalakshmi K. V.  , Dayanandan Y.
Published: March 2023

Hyperthyroidism rarely cause paralysis by redistributive hypokalemia, with periodic attacks of paralysis termed as thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP). It is more commonly seen in the Asian or Hispanic populations, genetic variation in Kir2.6, a muscle specific thyroid hormone responsive potassium channel cause predisposition of TPP. It typically presents in the early morning with limb weakness. Hyperthyroidism signs and symptoms are need not to be present in all patients. TPP attacks can be triggered by factors such a high-carbohydrate diet, sternous activity, mental stress, and steroids. TPP should be suspected in young patients presenting with acute muscle weakness and severe hypokalemia. Arrhythmias can be noted but most of these will resolve with normalization of potassium.
Effectiveness of probiotic toothpaste in reducing streptococcus mutans in plaque around orthodontic brackets
Authors: Teja Prerna Hoogan , Mittal Shruti , Verma Aashee , Gagain Mahak , Aneja Gunjan , Gyalson Chatan
Published: March 2023

The present study was done to evaluate and compare the effect of probiotic toothpaste in reducing streptococcus mutans and to improve periodontal status of patients who are undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

A total of 60 participants undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in age range of 14-29 years were selected to receive probiotic toothpaste for a 30 days period. Participants were examined at 2 time points: base line (start of the study) T0 and after 30 days (T 1) of using probiotic toothpaste. In both the groups, S. Mutans Colony Count and Orthodontic Plaque Index was evaluated.

At T0, the mean S. mutans colony count was found to be 63.31± 27.23x10-2 CFU/ml. At T1 the mean S. Mutans colony count was found to be 29.70 ± 15.41x10-2 CFU/ml. The mean Plaque Index was found to be 1.23+0.53 at T0. After using probiotic toothpaste twice daily for a period of 1 month (T1) the mean Plaque Index was found to be 0.11±0.32.

Use of probiotic toothpaste twice daily has been found useful in reducing S. Mutans colony count after using for a period of 1 month.
A review of the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome mutation and its effects
Authors: Bhardwaj Himanshu , Bibekananda Bhoi  , Kumar Maneesh
Published: March 2023

The pandemic-starting SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus was found in Wuhan, China. WHO declared this pandemic, which began in late 2019, in March 2020. Experts say this was the first SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. It was the first of many. This virus constantly mutates in response to its replication environment, causing waves, the deadliest of which was the delta variant-caused second wave, which killed millions worldwide. This review examines viral genome alterations and their global effects. We used references from previous research articles on this or similar issues to make our review more data-driven. We found that the virus' mutation has caused major health problems in humans, including deaths. The viruses changed genome, proteins, local food, sanitation, immunity, and milieu may be involved. We also found that while some of the impacted variations are milder and less contagious, some have had record-breaking peaks and significant death rates in a short time. This analysis examines COVID-19's impact on diabetes, cardiovascular disease, asthma, aging, and community hygiene. SARS-CoV-2 increases stress and blood glucose in diabetics. Clinical investigations have linked COVID-19 to cardiovascular disease, although the mechanism is uncertain. Asthmatics are more vulnerable to respiratory infections. Its effects change as one age. Cleanliness campaigns are needed to put an end to the epidemic.
Desidratação do ciclohexanol para a obtenção do ciclohexeno – Testes experimentais em laboratório de ensino
Authors: Rodrigues de Araújo Felipe Rocha Nattácia , Franco Junior Moilton
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho busca apresentar alguns experimentos realizados em laboratório para obtenção de um composto tóxico, o ciclohexeno, a partir da desidratação do ciclohexanol. Os experimentos foram conduzidos com o uso constante de máscara para gases e luvas devido à toxidez e periculosidade dos reagentes e produtos envolvidos. Resultados foram comparados com a literatura mostrando que o procedimento usado pode ser empregado para o ensino de alunos de cursos de Química e Engenharia Química.
Uso do MASP (Método de Análise e Solução de Problemas) para possibilitar a reprodução de método de cromatografia líquida
Authors: Regalin-Aver Kaliane
Published: March 2023

O objetivo desse trabalho é utilizar o MASP (método de análise e solução de problemas) para possibilitar o desenvolvimento e/ou a reprodução de método cromatográfico para análise de sorbitol em suco de uva integral, permitindo assim a identificação de fraudes e adulterações nessa bebida. Embora estejam disponíveis no estudo da arte diferentes métodos cromatográficos para essa análise, a eficiência, seletividade e robustez de um método cromatográfico estão diretamente ligadas às condições disponíveis em cada laboratório. Dessa forma, a repetição dos parâmetros previamente determinados na literatura não é garantia de bons resultados. Durante a reprodução do método analítico de sorbitol, identificou-se a presença de um interferente e a baixa resolução do analito em decorrência da sua presença. Dessa forma, apresentou-se o MASP como método para identificação e posterior resolução da problemática encontrada. A metodologia permitiu o levantamento de possíveis causas raiz, sendo elaborados e praticados diferentes planos de ação, cada qual fornecendo resultados responsáveis por eliminar determinada causa, colaborar com a maior compreensão do problema em si e, finalmente detectar a causa raiz. Com a causa determinada, foi possível reposicionar os módulos do equipamento do HPLC, reduzindo o comprimento do capilar entre a saída da coluna de separação e a entrada do detector RID. Dessa forma, o MASP foi um método prático e eficiente na identificação e solução do problema, permitindo o desenvolvimento de um método seletivo e robusto para a análise de sorbitol por HPLC em sucos de uva integral.
Evaluación económica y ambiental de las tecnologías de utilización del biogás y perspectivas del análisis multicriterio
Authors: Velásquez-Piñas Jean Agustín , Calle-Roalcaba Orly Denisse , Miramontes-Martínez Luis Ramiro , Alonso-Gómez Leonardo Alexis
Published: March 2023

La tecnología de digestión anaerobia (DA) es un proceso implementado para producir biogás y biol mediante la gestión de residuos orgánicos. El biogás producido puede ser convertido en electricidad de origen renovable y el biol en biofertilizante. La adecuada comercialización de esta electricidad permite disminuir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (EGEI) por la sustitución de electricidad de origen fósil y el biofertilizante puede disminuir el uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados basados en la urea. En Latinoamérica, la DA presenta retos operativos que limitan la comercialización de estos productos y comprometen la sostenibilidad de estos proyectos a escala industrial. En este trabajo se presenta un análisis crítico de las principales metodologías utilizadas para cuantificar la rentabilidad económica y ambiental de la DA, complementando con experiencias prácticas y teóricas en Latinoamérica. Las herramientas económicas analizadas fueron el valor actual neto (VAN), la tasa interna de retorno (TIR) y el periodo de recuperación de la inversión (PRI), los cuales mediante un análisis de los costos operativos y de capital, y los posibles ingresos por la reducción de EGEI, permiten cuantificar la viabilidad financiera de estos proyectos. Como criterio de desempeño ambiental se analizó la metodología de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida, la cual permite cuantificar todas las cargas ambientales evitadas por la DA. La información que reúne este trabajo ayuda significativamente a enriquecer la base de datos sobre el tratamiento de residuos orgánicos y ayudará a la toma de decisiones con respecto a los problemas ambientales.
La lectura y la escritura en la formación profesional de médicos: enfoque por géneros discursivos
Authors: Arciniegas Hugo Armando , Bernal-Sandoval Nathaly , Olave-Arias Giohanny
Published: March 2023

Introducción: este artículo reporta los avances y desafíos observados por un equipo de profesores involucrados en la orientación de la lectura y la escritura académicas al iniciar la preparación profesional en el programa de Medicina de la Universidad Industrial de Santander, desde un enfoque de géneros discursivos. Objetivo: analizar la reorientación del perfil curricular y las decisiones pedagógicas de los profesores de la asignatura Taller de lenguaje, dictada en el primer semestre de los años 2020 y 2021. Metodología: el artículo se orienta por el modelo de “reflexión sobre la acción” para la investigación pedagógica, el diseño de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de las profesiones. Análisis y resultados: se introdujo a los estudiantes en su cultura disciplinar por la vía de su léxico especializado y del contacto inicial con la terminología médica en su discurso científico. A su vez, se abordaron, desde la lectura, los géneros disciplinares resumen o abstract y artículo de investigación; y desde la escritura, los géneros de formación glosario y bibliografía anotada. Temas puntuales de escritura, como los discursos referidos y el uso de signos ortográficos, se estudiaron de manera articulada con la producción de dichos géneros. Conclusiones: el avance principal de la pedagogía implementada consiste en la pertinencia de los textos elegidos y de los saberes lingüísticos ofrecidos en la formación profesional de los estudiantes de recién ingreso. El currículo actualmente integra la enseñanza de competencias generales referidas a prácticas, géneros y aspectos normativos de la comunicación académica, con la enseñanza de competencias específicas para leer y escribir textos propios de cada disciplina. Finalmente, surgen desafíos como el de articular enfoques entre los profesores de Taller de lenguaje y los de Medicina, o el de pensar en formas de evaluar el impacto del Taller de lenguaje con indicadores ajustados a las disciplinas.
Producción científica sobre economía verde y sostenibilidad
Authors: Hoyos Oscar , Duque Pedro , García Daniel , Giraldo Sebastian
Published: March 2023

Actualmente, la crisis medioambiental y social a la que se enfrenta la humanidad ha llevado al límite la conservación de la vida tal y como se conoce; esto ha generado un aumento de la conciencia de la sociedad, lo que ha dado lugar a nuevas políticas globales, y el surgimiento protagónico de temas como la economía verde y la sostenibilidad. Dada la relevancia de estos temas, este artículo pretende realizar una revisión de literatura y análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre los mismos; para esto, se efectuó un mapeo científico y análisis de redes de 504 publicaciones registradas en Scopus a partir del año 2000. De esta forma, se identificaron y clasificaron los documentos más relevantes, así como los países, autores, instituciones y revistas, que son más representativos en el área. También, se establecieron las tres principales corrientes de investigación sobre el tema: economía verde, economía circular y bioeconomía; efectos y consecuencias de la economía verde; y economía verde y cambio climático. Finalmente, se propuso una agenda para futuras investigaciones.
International relations of Moscow city in modern conditions
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Sudantz Marat B.
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the international activity of the cities of our country in the context of the escalating geopolitical confrontation, which has global and regional dimensions, is becoming increasingly important for the formation and implementation of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation. The city is becoming a real actor in modern international relations, often being able to defend its own interests by influencing the foreign policy of the state to meet local needs. Through its international activities, the city creates the image of the state in the world political arena, shows its reputation and solvency. In the course of the study, it was revealed that Russian cities, when building their international relations, act within the framework of federal legislation. By their activities, they confirm their ability to be present in the international arena. Their activity is conditioned by the concentration of power structures, resources, finances, motivation and capabilities of governors and mayors. Basically, cities implement paradiplomatic and soft-power approaches to conducting their international relations, and in this regard, they develop relations with foreign partners in the field of culture, education, etc. Thus, as a result, it can be stated that Moscow is a “global city” and a megacity in which key political and other structures, both national and international, are concentrated. Being the capital of the country, Moscow has sufficient influence on the world community, conducts active international activities, and has the ability to influence the foreign policy course of the Russian Federation. Consequently, Moscow occupies a significant place in the system of international relations.
Labor mobility of youth: Potential and factors of its activation in contemporary Russian conditions
Authors:   Kursk State University, Pasovets Yuliya M.
Published: March 2023

The article substantiates the author’s interpretation of labor mobility potential and the factors of its activation in line with the subjective mobility concept. Its empirical verification is carried out on the basis of the analysis of the mass survey data and in-depth interviews conducted by the author among the young people employed in the economy of Kursk region, and their comparison with the results of all-Russian and regional studies. The research reveals a relatively high potential for labor mobility of working youth, expressed in the readiness to change jobs in the near future. About half of the young people employed in the economy can be attributed to the social base of potential labor mobility, within which there are two significant groups: some of them have a clearly defined attitude to change jobs in the near future, the second one allows such changes in their employment status. It determines the key role of two groups of factors in activating the potential of youth labor mobility. The first of them includes the intentions of young people to realize themselves and their professional potential in labor activity and career in a new job; the second one is represented by the main reasons for dissatisfaction with the working conditions at the current job – the level of wages and the amount of workload. The research establishes the prevalence in the youth environment of employment not according to the profile of the received profession (specialty), and young people’s lack of assessment of the discrepancy between work and profession as a causal factor for changing jobs and as an obstacle to their career.
Medical tourism in Russia: Design of sociological research and prognosis
Authors:   Michurinsk State Agrarian University, Stolz Lora Yu.
Published: March 2023

The article considers medical tourism in Russia as a social phenomenon. The design (development of a program, hypotheses, methodology) of sociological research is proposed, which involves understanding the existing and obtaining missing information about the investigated social phenomenon. In solving these problems, it is important to understand that the genesis and development of medical tourism are influenced by quite numerous social factors (often acting in directly opposite directions) that actualize social reality in the time period of one to two years ago. First of all, these are «covid» and «political» vectors of social processes. To develop a program for sociological research of the medical services market, it is important to keep in mind that tourists from the developed countries, where prices for similar services are much higher than in Russia, are more interested in them. The basic hypothesis of the resulting forecast today is formulated as follows: the Russian market for medical services currently and in the near future will become less attractive for foreign medical tourists than in previous years, in particular, due to the deterioration of the quality of the services provided and the rapid increase in prices for them. Domestic medical tourism will undergo both negative and positive changes. The promising branches of the medical services market in Russia are surgery and neurology. However, other areas of medicine both in the current period and in the medium term are in dire need and will need parallel import and import substitution.
Rural Muslim religiosity in the context of the transformation of Russian society
Authors:   Republican Center for Youth, Innovative and Preventive Programs “Navigator”, Kildeyev Mansour V.
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the specifics of rural religiosity as an important factor in the development of rural society in Russia. Sociological and historical material, related to the social life of the Tatars of the Middle Volga region in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods serves as an empirical base. New, previously unpublished archival documents have been introduced into scientific circulation. The connection is established between the level of religiosity and such factors as settlement size, socio-professional structure, intensity of atheistic propaganda and state-confessional relations at the local level, economic activity of the peasantry, and development of rural entrepreneurship. The authorities in the Tatar and Bashkir autonomous republics successfully solved the tasks of the Soviet anti-religious policy. However, in the other Volga regions, where the Tatars were an ethnic minority, there was a phenomenon of separate settlements with increased religious activity and informally economic active residents, which the authorities had to reckon with. In the post-Soviet period, this category of villages, in addition to high religiosity, is distinguished by a stable socio-demographic and economic situation. The article raises the question of the causes and conditions of the paradoxical situation, when the preservation of the patriarchal way of life and religious traditions accompanied the successful adaptation of rural communities to new economic realities. It is concluded that it is necessary to study the specifics of religiosity, since informal economic and social practices were built around national and religious traditions. The studied problem of the stability of rural religiosity is a part of a broader problem of preserving the Russian village as a stable ethno-social organism.
Ideological preferences of youth as a factor of perceptions of the desired future of Russia
Authors:   Saratov State University, Vilkov Alexander A.
Published: March 2023

The article considers results of a representative social survey (N = 2021) and focus groups conducted in November 2022 on the issues of value motivation of young people’s attitude to the main directions of state policy in modern Russia. Based on the analysis of the received materials, the structure of the ideological preferences of various age groups of Russian youth, their influence on the perception of the current state of the main directions of domestic and foreign policy and ideas about the desired future of political and socio-economic development of Russia was revealed. Preferences and arguments in favor of social democratic, liberal, conservative and communist ideologies are revealed. An explanation is given for the greater commitment of Russian youth to the values of social democracy (26.2%) than to liberalism (22.3%). The main argument of representatives of different age groups is that social democracy provides an opportunity to combine the advantages of socialism and the market system. Strengthening social functions of the state and its regulatory role in the economy makes it possible to concentrate resources on achieving socially significant goals, while the preservation of private property and market mechanisms makes it possible to use personal interest and motivation in the face of fierce global competition. The main reasons for the high level of ideological “nihilists” (25.1%), who noted that they do not support any of the existing ideologies, are revealed. The degree of confidence of the representatives of the younger generation in the future (51.5%) was revealed and an explanation was given to the reasons why 47.4% of respondents chose the options for the absence of such confidence. The ranked value priorities that representatives of different age groups would like to see in the future political structure of Russia are revealed. An explanation is given for the actual deideologization of the ranking of these values. Characteristics of the readiness of representatives of Russian youth for various practical options for personal participation in the embodiment of their image of the future of Russia are given. It is concluded that the most radical moods are relevant to liberally oriented youth, which are intensified by the negative perception of the special military operation in Ukraine and Russia’s confrontation with the United States and Western European countries.
Communicative measurement of the state migration policy
Authors:   Stolypin Volga Region Institute of Administration of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Korobov Andrey A.
Published: March 2023

The complication of the migration situation in the world, observed in the 21st century, necessitates the search for optimal mechanisms for regulating population migration both at the global and national and regional levels. These mechanisms must, firstly, correspond to the current heterogeneous configuration of international migration flows, the continuous dynamics of the migration situation, secondly, take into account the network nature of the development of social relations, and, thirdly, comply with modern innovative management technologies. In this context, issues are significantly updated that are directly or indirectly related to the disclosure of the communicative aspect of migration policy, an aspect that allows in modern conditions to qualitatively assess the effectiveness of solving state problems in the migration sphere, identify problem areas in the process of regulating population migration, determine the most effective approaches and measures of state migration policy. The purpose of this article is to make a communicative dimension of the modern state migration policy and reveal its information and communicative infrastructure. The research methodology includes a structural and functional analysis and a modeling method. Migration policy is interpreted as a separate sphere of activity of a number of interrelated communicators to organize and control population migration in the interests of the state. The main attention is focused on the communicative space of the state migration policy, which is presented in the format of two models: “two-dimensional horizontal” and “three-dimensional vertical”. This made it possible to analyze the impact of communicative networks on the process of regulating migration of the population, to show the specifics of information interactions between state migration management bodies, migrants and their associations, and intermediary organizations. As a result of the study, the role of formal and informal communications in the process of state regulation of population migration was determined, and the determining factors of the communicative structure of the state migration policy were identified.
Tuberculous Arthritis: A Forgotten Diagnosis During Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Huwae Thomas E. C. J. , Pribadi Alva
Published: March 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is a respiratory disease that primarily affects the lungs. The challenge is to recognize the characteristic of TB disease, including extrapulmonary presentation. TB arthritis is an extrapulmonary TB presentation in the joint, which is frequently neglected and misdiagnosed. A 41-year-old female patient was presented with a major complaint of chronic pain in her left wrist for three months. The patient had a low-grade fever without respiratory symptoms. Local examination revealed swelling, warmth and tenderness. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was increased and chest radiograph demonstrated pulmonary TB. She underwent arthrotomy debridement and culture examination. We initiated adjuvant anti-tuberculous treatment. On the evaluation, she reported relief from pain and showed improvement in general condition. TB arthritis is unique due to its rare incidence and unspecific clinical manifestations. A better understanding of these issues will prevent possible diagnostic errors. Prompt treatment was crucial to maintain joint function and prevent permanent destruction.
An integrated review of measures of mutuality: Pros, cons, and future directions
Authors: Hamilton Bridget , Hooper Vallire
Published: March 2023

Background & Aim: Mutuality has been defined as being placed between paternalism and autonomy on the spectrum of patient engagement in care, which involves a shared experience and reciprocity between involved parties. Mutuality is foundational in creating growth and fostering relationships to improve health outcomes and address health disparities. This paper aims to examine and compare measurement instruments that measure the concept of mutuality.
Methods & Materials: A systematic search was conducted to examine how mutuality has been measured. Eight studies were included in the analysis. 
Results: The Mutuality Scale, the Mutuality and Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale, the Friendship Quality Questionnaire, and the Connection-Disconnection Scale were discovered. Theoretical frameworks and psychometrics were analyzed.   
Conclusion: Mutuality has been applied in a variety of contexts and proves to be an important concept in understanding the needs and perspectives of culturally diverse communities. selection of a measurement instrument is going to be driven by a theoretical framework and definitions of mutuality.  All identified instruments demonstrated strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, it is important to weigh these strengths and weaknesses when selecting a measurement instrument in clinical practice or research.
Perceived implicit rationing of nursing care: Psychometric assessment in the Indonesian context
Authors: Yuwanto Mahmud Ady , Rusca Putra Kuswantoro , Windarwati Heni Dwi
Published: March 2023

Background & Aim: The perceived implicit rationing of nursing care is a tool for evaluating the rationing of nursing care. This tool has been used and psychometrically validated previously in different countries but never in Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the perceived implicit rationing of nursing care.
Methods & Materials: A descriptive cross-sectional design was chosen to investigate psychometric properties of the perceived implicit rationing of nursing care. The data collection period was during May 2021. Statistical analyses were performed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Models (PLS-SEM) on the SPSS software with the assistance of the Smart PLS-3 program. A multivariate analysis was conducted to assess construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefﬁcient was used to evaluate instrument reliability.
Results: Outer loading for the entire instrument was > 0.7. Cronbach’s alpha for assistance with physical care= 0.964; monitoring-safety-support= 0.980; documentation-supervision= 0.994; communication= 0.931; and implementation of the prescribed treatment plan= 0.984. Using both statistical methods when evaluating the perceived implicit rationing of nursing care, in the confirmation that the tool is valid and reliable.
Conclusion: This version of the perceived implicit rationing of the nursing care instrument showed acceptable psychometric properties for use as an assessment instrument in an Indonesian-speaking country.
From nuisance to helpful assistants: A qualitative thematic analysis of medical volunteers' experiences during the COVID-19 outbreak in Iran
Authors: Sadeghian Mohammad Hossein , Khoshnavay Fomani Fatemeh , Moshtagh Mozhgan , Elahi Elham , Rostamian Abdolrahman , Ostadtaghizadeh Abbas
Published: March 2023

Background & Aim: Volunteers’ perceptions may affect their future decisions to participate in crisis intervention.  Few studies in Iran have been conducted to examine the experiences of medical personnel who volunteered during the COVID-19 pandemic. This qualitative study describes the experiences of medical volunteers during COVID-19 in Iran.
Methods & Materials:  A total 17 healthcare volunteers who worked in COVID-19 hospital wards were recruited using purposive sampling. All participants were recruited in the current study from the hospitals affiliated with the Tehran University of Medical Sciences if they expressed their willingness to participate and had at least two months experience of working as healthcare volunteers in COVID-19 wads. In-depth video-call semi-structured interviews were conducted from August to November 2020. The data were analyzed using the qualitative thematic analysis method.
Results: One main theme “from nuisance to helpful assistants” and four sub-themes including the “feeling of inefficiency”, “negligent managing”, “situation orientation”, and “transformation for integrity” emerged from the data.
Conclusion: Despite experiencing challenges, the volunteers and hospital staff tried to change their approaches to joint collaboration by improving their capabilities for situation awareness and creating integrity. These findings provide policymakers with a better understanding of health volunteers' challenges in hospitals during crises.
Investigating of knowledge, attitude and performance of the people of Lorestan province regarding the follow of personal and environmental hygiene to prevent of covid-19
Authors: Adiban Moayed , Mahaki Yaser , Mirzaei Amin , Gholami Zainab , Zabihi Rad Javad
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has confronted nations with various challenges, including health challenges. Therefore, the present study conducted with the aim of investigating the knowledge, attitude and performance of the people of Lorestan province regarding the follow of personal and environmental hygiene to prevent of Covid-19.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 337 people of Lorestan province conducted by random sampling method in 2022. The data collection tool was the knowledge, attitude and performance questionnaire designed by the researchers that validity and reliability confirmed. Data analyzed using SPSS19   software and T-Test, ANOVA and Pearson tests.
Results: 59.9 of female participants with an average age of 29.20±8.16 years and the average age of males was 32.75±8.81years. The average knowledge, attitude and performance score was1.54±.29, 3.16±.47 and 4.19±.96 prospectively. Pearson's test showed that there was statistically significant relationship between knowledge, attitude and performance.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, the scores of knowledge, attitude and performance were above the average, therefore, in order to prevent and control the disease of Covid-19, more training is needed to improve knowledge and attitude continuously.
Designing and Validating a Model for Retaining Doctors and Specialists in Deprived Areas of the Country: A Mixed Approach
Authors: Norouzzadeh Ahad
Published: March 2023

Introduction: One of the major challenges of the health system is the limited access of people in deprived areas to healthcare services. This is because the doctors and specialists do not stay there for long. This research also aims to design a model for retaining doctors and specialists in deprived areas of the country.
Methods: This research was exploratory in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of type. It was a field study conducted in two qualitative and quantitative stages in 2022. In the first stage, 20 doctors and specialists from deprived areas in the northwest of the country were selected through purposive sampling using the chain-referral method (snowball sampling).  In the second stage, 200 doctors working in universities of medical sciences in northwestern provinces were randomly selected. For analysis, content analysis method and Atlas-ti and Smart PLS were used.
Results:Based on the findings, the following contents were identified as the components and indicators of retaining doctors and specialists in deprived areas of the country; employment with 6 indicators, financial support with 3 indicators, social with 5 indicators, policy-making with 4 indicators, motivation with 7 indicators, professional and career improvement with 7 indicators, management and systematic factors with 5 indicators, and finally, mental and psychological factors with 3 indicators.
Conclusion: The "social" component with a path coefficient of 0.921 had the highest coefficient, and "management and systematic factors" component with a value of 0.722 had the lowest coefficient in the designed model.
Izzivi dolgožive družbe: staranje prebivalstva, trg dela in ravnanje s starejšimi zaposlenimi
Authors: Novak Vesna
Published: March 2023

V prispevku obravnavamo problematiko staranja prebivalstva in izzive, s katerimi se dolgoživa družba sooča na trgu dela in v delovnem okolju. Najprej opredelimo osnovne pojme glede staranja, nato pa proučujemo demografsko strukturo prebivalstva. V nadaljevanju predstavimo stanje prebivalstva na trgu dela v starostni skupini od 55 do 64 let. Rezultati kažejo, da Slovenija močno zaostaja za povprečjem držav EU, še posebej glede delovne aktivnosti starostne skupine od 60 do 64 let, saj ima manjši delež delovno aktivnih le Luksemburg. To vodi v razmišljanje o nujnosti sprememb glede delovne aktivnosti prebivalcev v starosti do 64 let. V zadnjem delu prispevka razpravljamo o ravnanju s starejšimi delavci ter o njihovih prednostih in slabostih. Prispevek zaključimo z izzivi, ki jih prinaša staranje prebivalstva, od nas pa je odvisno, če bomo izzive sprejeli in jih uspešno izkoristili.
Povezanost organizacije in delovnega mesta s ključnimi cilji
Authors: Bernik Mojca , Žnidaršič Jasmina
Published: March 2023

Prispevek predstavlja povezavo organizacije in delovnega mesta s ključnimi cilji. Glede na to, da so v zadnjih letih dejavniki v okolju močno vplivali na delovanje organizacij, so morale organizacije prilagoditi ključne cilje, kar je povzročilo tudi spremembe v organizacijskih strukturah organizacij in analizi delovnih mest. Vsaka organizacija ima za svoje delovanje definirano organizacijsko strukturo. Organizacijska struktura temelji na definiranju delovnih mest in pristojnosti in odgovornosti zaposlenih. V prispevku je predstavljen primer oblikovanja organizacijske sheme na osnovi strukture in delovanja izbrane organizacije. Prikazan je vpliv spremenjenih ključnih ciljev na zahteve in pogoje delovnih mest, s tem pa tudi na spremembe v opisu konkretnega delovnega mesta izbrane organizacije.