bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Free Space Security Analysis of CV-QKD Transmission in Ground-to-HAP under Collective Attack
Authors: Alshaer Nancy , Ismail Tawfik
Published: November 2023

In the contemporary digital era, ensuring the security of sensitive data and communication is of paramount significance. Encryption methods have been widely employed to safeguard data transmission over public channels. However, the exponential growth in computational power has led to concerns regarding the potential vulnerability of encryption methods. Consequently, breaking encryption poses a significant threat to data privacy. In response to these challenges, the field of quantum cryptography has emerged as a promising solution, offering a fundamentally unbreakable approach to secure communication. One of the key advancements in quantum cryptography is quantum key distribution (QKD). This secure communication mechanism relies on the principles of quantum mechanics to generate encryption keys, enabling secure information exchange between parties. This paper focuses on analysis of the quantum channel between the optical ground station (OGS) and the high-altitude platform System (HAPS). The research involves a meticulous examination and optimization of various system parameters such as performance secret key rate (SKR), electronic noise, modulation variance, and zenith angle. Remarkably, the SKR for a HAPS operating at a vertical altitude of 20 km, with a zenith angle of 20 degrees and a pulse generation rate of 500 MHz, is approximately 84 Mb/s and 44.5 Mb/s for homodyne and heterodyne detection, respectively. This information highlights the potential of quantum cryptography in providing secure communication channels that are resilient to cryptographic attacks.
Prognostic Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Localized or Locoregionally Advanced Gallbladder Cancer: a Population-Based and Propensity Score Matched SEER Analysis
Authors: Xiong Yichen , Yang Ziyi , Gong Albie , Wu Ziyou , Liu Shilei , Zhu Yidi , Song Xiaoling , Chu Bingfeng , Wu Xiangsong , Gong Wei
Published: November 2023

Background: The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of NACT on overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) in patients with localized or locoregionally advanced GBC, and to explore possible protective predictors for prognosis.
Methods: Data for patients with localized or locoregionally advanced GBC (ie, categories cTx-cT4, cN0-2, and cM0) were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients in the NACT and non-NACT groups were propensity score matched (PSM) 1:3, the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were performed to analyze the impact of NACT on OS and CSS. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were applied to identify the possible prognostic factors. Subgroup analysis was conducted to identify patients who would benefit from NACT.
Results: Of the 2,676 cases included, 78 NACT and 234 non-NACT patients remained after PSM. In localized or locoregionally advanced GBC patients, the median OS of the NACT and non-NACT was 31 and 16 months (log-rank P＜0.01), and the median CSS of NACT and non-NACT was 32 and 17 months (log-rank P＜0.01), respectively. Longer median OS (31 vs 17 months, log-rank P＜0.01) and CSS (32 vs 20 months, log-rank P＜0.01) was associated with NACT compared with surgery alone. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that NACT, stage and surgery type were prognostic factors for OS and CSS in GBC patients. Subgroup analysis revealed the survival hazard ratios (HRs) of NACT versus non-NACT for localized or locoregionally advanced GBC patients were significant in most subgroups.
Conclusions: NACT may provide therapeutic benefits for localized or locoregionally advanced GBC patients, especially for those with advanced stage, node-positive, poorly differentiated or undifferentiated disease. NACT combined with radical surgery was associated with a survival advantage. Therefore, NACT combined with surgery may provide a better treatment option for resectable GBC patients.
Medicinal plant use for goat disease and parasite control in Mhondoro Ngezi District
Authors: MOTSI RUSSEL PANASHE , Nyazika Ingrid M. , Thomas Munashe I. , Mutibvu Tonderai
Published: November 2023

The use of medicinal plants for parasite control in communal areas of Zimbabwe has increased considerably. A survey was conducted to collect data on plant species diversity and use for goat parasite and disease control in Mhondoro Ngezi district. Household demographics, general livestock production, common disease and parasite challenges and control methods were recorded using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to a purposive sample of 100 goat farmers. Key informant interviews were also conducted. Data were analysed using the IBM SPSS Statistics and plant species importance was measured using relative frequency of citation. A total of 42 plant species with medicinal properties were reported in this study. Respondents above the age of 51 had most of the knowledge and practises in medicinal plant use. Commonly used plants, by frequency of mention were Wing pod (Murumanyama) (47.6%), Caustic vine (Runyokadombo) (28.6%), Broad-leaved coral-tree (Mutiti) (28.6%), Sow thistle (Rimiremombe) (26.2%) and Aloe Vera (Gavakava) (23.8%). The most common preparation process involved crushing of the plant parts (leaves, barks, roots, bulb, fruit and or whole plants) and mixing with water. Most of the respondents (87%) used both conventional remedies and medicinal plants to control goat parasites with medicinal plant use as an alternative. Knowledge exists on medicinal plant use in goat disease and parasite control in Mhondoro Ngezi district, which is a major drive towards carrying-out further research across the country.
Impact of Chemotherapy With Temozolomide on Cognition in High-grade Glioma Patients: a Retrospective Single Centre Study
Authors: Abete-Fornara Giorgia , Socaciu Petra Bintintan , Fanizzi Claudia , Fiore Giorgio , Locatelli Marco , Caroli Manuela
Published: November 2023

Purpose: starting from a lack of precise and coherent data in literature, aim of this work is to retrospectively study the influence of chemotherapy with Temozolomide (TMZ) on a wide series of neuropsychological functions in a population of adult high-grade glioma patients.
Methods: an extensive neuropsychological battery was administered pre-operatively and after 6 (T1) and 12 months (T2) from surgery. After full recovery from surgery, TMZ was delivered concomitant to radiotherapy and, subsequently, adjuvantly for 5-day cycles per month. Parametric and non-parametric analyses were conducted to verify the influence of several aspects of chemotherapy on the adjusted scores of each cognitive test at the two post-operative follow-ups.
Results: patients with a lower adjuvant TMZ dosage reported a better performance at the visual attention test at T1, and at the deductive reasoning test at T2. Undergoing more than 8 cycles of adjuvant therapy was slightly associated with a better performance at the long-term verbal memory tasks at T2. No other associations were found with the other cognitive tests and autonomy scales administered.
Conclusions: TMZ proved to be a secure treatment with no negative side effects on cognition and on level of daily autonomy, even at the highest dosage used. This is a positive finding which enables clinicians to reassure patients about the absence of significant negative effects of TMZ on their daily life functioning. In this view, eventual cognitive changes during treatment might not be attributed to chemotherapy but to other events such as tumour relapse.
Oleanolic acid inhibits the malignant progression of CML cells through the miR-18a-5p/STK4 axis
Authors: Xie Bo , Lai Yongwei , Xu Yan , Zhang Pengxia
Published: November 2023

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant tumor that affects the blood and bone marrow. Its characteristic is the production of a large number of immature white blood cells, which aggregate in the bone marrow and inhibit normal hematopoiesis in the bone marrow. To date, CML is mainly treated through the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, some patients may experience resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and rejection reactions after transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. In previous experiments, we found that oleanolic acid (OA) promoted an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in K562 cells, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased cell proliferation ability. Flow cytometry and CCK8 experiments have shown that OA can lead to the occurrence of cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Through further experiments, we found that after OA treatment, STK4 expression was upregulated and miRNA-18a-5p expression was downregulated in K562 cells. Surprisingly, the addition of miRNA-18a-5p mimics inhibited the expression of STK4 in cells; after adding the miRNA inhibitor, the expression of STK4 increased. Further research has shown that after overexpression of STK4, compared with the control group, the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells decreases and the proliferation ability significantly decreases. After interfering with STK4 and undergoing OA treatment, compared with the OA group, the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in the interference + OA group was inhibited, and the cell proliferation ability returned to the level of the control group. OA can maintain low expression of STK4 in K562 cells by upregulating miR-18a, which directly targets the STK4 mRNA 3'UTR. Downregulation of miR-18a increases STK4 expression. Our research results confirm that OA can promote apoptosis in K562 cells by maintaining low expression of miR-18a and keeping STK4 in a high expression state.
Simultaneous point and structural mutations in engineered yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae improve carotenoid production
Authors: Yamada Ryosuke , Ando Kazuya , Sakaguchi Rumi , Matsumoto Takuya , Ogino Hiroyasu
Published: November 2023

Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae is known to produce β-carotene, an antioxidant. In a previous study, we developed a technique for the efficient establishment of diverse mutants through the simultaneous introduction of point and structural mutations into the yeast genome. This study aimed to improve the β-carotene productivity of these engineered yeasts via mutagenesis. Point and structural mutations were simultaneously introduced into β-carotene-producing engineered yeast, and hydrogen peroxide-resistant mutants were obtained. These mutants exhibited a higher β-carotene production capacity than the parent strain. The top-performing mutant, HP100_74, produced 37.6 mg/L of β-carotene, a value 1.9 times higher than that of the parental strain (20.1 mg/L). Gene expression analysis confirmed an increased expression of multiple genes in the glycolysis, mevalonate, and β-carotene synthesis pathways, as well as a decreased expression of ERG9, which functions in a competitive pathway for β-carotene production in the mutant strain. The simultaneous introduction of point and structural mutations represents a simple yet effective method for achieving mutagenesis in yeasts. This technique is expected to be widely applied in the future to produce chemicals via metabolic engineering of S. cerevisiae.
(-)-Epicatechin gallate ameliorates cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental defects through inhibiting aryl hydrocarbon receptor in zebrafish
Authors: Huang Dongqin , Su Yuchao , Li Mingmei , Xie Chengwei , Hu Weibin , Wang Shuxiang , Zheng Nanmei , Chen Jianhui , Lin Yueyun , Cai Weize , Xiao Jianjia , Chen Baojia , Hu Nanping , Zhou Fushan
Published: November 2023

Cyprodinil is a widely used fungicide with broad-spectrum activity, but it has been associated with cardiac abnormalities. (-)-Epicatechin gallate (ECG), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been shown to possess protective properties in cardiac development. In this study, we investigated whether ECG could mitigate cyprodinil-induced heart defects using zebrafish embryos as a model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to cyprodinil (500 µg/L) with or without ECG (1 µM). Our results demonstrated that ECG significantly improved the survival rate, embryo movement, and hatching delay induced by cyprodinil. Furthermore, ECG effectively ameliorated cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, including pericardial anomaly and impairment of cardiac function. Mechanistically, ECG attenuated the cyprodinil-induced alterations in mRNA expression related to cardiac development, such as amhc, vmhc, tbx5, and gata4, as well as calcium ion channels, such as ncx1h, atp2a2a, and cdh2. Additionally, ECG was found to inhibit the activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways induced by cyprodinil. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence for the protective effects of ECG against cyprodinil-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, mediated through the inhibition of AhR activity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and safe utilization of pesticide, such as cyprodinil.
Developing Time Series Forecasting Models with Generative Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Morales-Garcia Juan , Llanes Antonio , Arcas-Tunez Francisco , Terroso-Saenz Fernando
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, Generative Large Language Models (GLLMs) have taken the Artificial Intelligent field by storm. One of the fields where these models have been extensively evaluated is in their role as generators of functional source code for software projects. However, their potential as assistants for writing the code necessary to generate and model machine learning or deep learning architectures has not been fully explored to date. For this reason, this work focuses on evaluating the extent to which different tools based on GLLMs, such as ChatGPT or Copilot, are capable of correctly defining the source code necessary to generate viable predictive models. The use case defined is the forecasting of a time series of atmospheric temperatures. The results show that, while it is true that the models obtained can obtain good accuracy metrics with simple predictive models, the composition of models with complex architectures is still far from the alternative of generating them by human data scientists.
Filozofija i susret između realnosti i virtualnosti – s osvrtom na misao Martina Bubera
Authors: Ćuk Barbara
Published: November 2023

Rad proučava susret u filozofiji kao temu filozofije, tj. kao posebnost ljudske egzistencije i kao okružje filozofiranja. Polazeći od svojstava susreta koja filozofski tekstovi, u prvom redu dijalogika Martina Bubera, prepoznaju i izdvajaju kao ona koja mu pripadaju u realnom svijetu, u radu se analiziraju promjene susretanja u virtualnom okruženju. Među više različitih promjena ističu se dvije: (1) smanjenje osvjedočenosti o realnom bitku po sebi i (2) narušena sposobnost za stav prisutnosti za drugog.
Assédio moral vertical descendente em trabalhadores de grupo de risco para a Covid-19 e a responsabilidade do empregador
Authors: Da Silva Leda Maria Messias , Takeshita Leticia Mayumi Almeida
Published: November 2023

O presente estudo possui por escopo a análise do assédio moral vertical descendente perpetrado aos trabalhadores componentes de grupos de risco para a Covid-19 e a consequente responsabilidade do empregador. Por intermédio do método dedutivo, com fulcro em pesquisas bibliográfica e jurisprudencial, tem como objetivo específico o exame e a conceituação de assédio moral, meio ambiente do trabalho e a responsabilidade do empregador à luz da parametrização do dano moral com a Reforma Trabalhista. Aborda-se o assédio moral e seus efeitos como meio de degradação do meio ambiente do trabalho e violação de direitos da personalidade. Subsequentemente, enfatiza-se a situação do assédio moral praticado pelo empregador aos empregados inclusos em grupos de risco para a infecção por coronavírus. Outrossim, explana-se o sistema de indenização do dano moral consoante a Reforma Trabalhista, tratando da incongruência da quantificação do dano. Finalmente, verifica-se não somente a necessidade de um meio ambiente laboral sadio e decente, como também a insuficiência concernente à responsabilidade do empregador diante do assédio moral.
Uma década depois… O que resta do Novo Constitucionalismo Latino-Americano e da Decolonização?
Authors: Goncalves Francysco Pablo Feitosa , Lucena Iamara Feitosa Furtado , Moura Francisco Ercilio
Published: November 2023

Os anos 2010 pareciam promissores para muitos pesquisadores do Direito que estavam encantados com o Novo Constitucionalismo Latino-Americano e com a decolonização. O segundo decênio do presente século, entretanto, traz uma série de incertezas quanto ao próprio futuro da democracia liberal burguesa. Diante disso, este trabalho tem por objetivo propor uma reflexão sobre o Novo Constitucionalismo Latino-Americano e sobre o pensamento decolonial, suas aproximações e diferenças, para ao fim refletir qual a contribuição possível do Novo Constitucionalismo na atualidade, diante das crises democráticas da contemporaneidade.
Inovações Sustentáveis nos Modelos de Negócios de Instituições Bancárias Brasileiras
Authors: Treptow Igor Ceratti , Drago Henrique Faverzani , De Castro Beatriz Leite Gustmann , Kneipp Jordana Marques , De Moura Gilnei Luiz
Published: November 2023

O contexto de intensa competitividade a partir do mercado cada vez mais globalizado tem imposto uma nova realidade de gestão para as instituições financeiras, de modo que a introdução de práticas sustentáveis tem se tornado cada vez mais frequente no mercado corporativo, ganhando espaço no setor bancário. Nesse sentido, o objetivo geral deste estudo consistiu em analisar como a inovação é incorporada à sustentabilidade nos modelos de negócios de instituições bancárias, tendo como referência os arquétipos propostos por Yip e Bocken (2018). Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de cunho descritivo, valendo-se da metodologia qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas e relatórios públicos. Os dados obtidos foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os principais resultados apontam para uma tendência na adoção de práticas sustentáveis por instituições bancárias por meio de inovação nos modelos de negócios que trazem benefícios tanto para o meio ambiente, como sociais e as torna mais rentáveis, além de melhorar a reputação perante a sociedade.
Study on wavelet multi-scale analysis and prediction of landslide groundwater
Authors: Wang Tianlong , Peng Dingmao , Wang Xu , Wu Bin , Luo Rui , Chu Zhaowei , Sun Hongyue
Published: November 2023

Current groundwater prediction models often exhibit low accuracy and complex parameter adjustment. To tackle these limitations, a novel prediction model, called improved Aquila optimizer bi-directional long-term and short-term memory (IAO-BiLSTM) network, is proposed. IAO-BiLSTM optimizes the hyperparameters of the BiLSTM network using an IAO algorithm. IAO incorporates three novel enhancements, including population initialization, population updating, and global best individual updating, to overcome the drawbacks of current optimization algorithms. Before making predictions, the challenge posed by the highly nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics of groundwater level signals was addressed through the application of a wavelet multi-scale analysis method. Using a landslide site in Zhejiang Province as an example, a monitoring system is established, and continuous wavelet transform, cross-wavelet transform, and wavelet coherence analysis are employed to perform multi-scale feature analysis on a 2-year dataset of rainfall and groundwater depth. The findings reveal that the groundwater depth of monitoring holes exhibits similar high energy resonating periods and phase relationships, strongly correlating with rainfall. Subsequently, IAO-BiLSTM is employed to predict groundwater depth, and its results are compared with seven popular machine learning regression models. The results demonstrate that IAO-BiLSTM achieves the highest accuracy, as evidenced by its root mean squared error of 0.25.
Alleviating sample imbalance in water quality assessment using the VAE–WGAN–GP model
Authors: Xu Jingbin , Xu Degang , Wan Kun , Zhang Ying
Published: November 2023

Water resources are essential for sustaining human life and promoting sustainable development. However, rapid urbanization and industrialization have resulted in a decline in freshwater availability. Effective prevention and control of water pollution are essential for ecological balance and human well-being. Water quality assessment is crucial for monitoring and managing water resources. Existing machine learning-based assessment methods tend to classify the results into the majority class, leading to inaccuracies in the outcomes due to the prevalent issue of imbalanced class sample distribution in practical scenarios. To tackle the issue, we propose a novel approach that utilizes the VAE–WGAN–GP model. The VAE–WGAN–GP model combines the encoding and decoding mechanisms of VAE with the adversarial learning of GAN. It generates synthetic samples that closely resemble real samples, effectively compensating data of the scarcity category in water quality evaluation. Our contributions include (1) introducing a deep generative model to alleviate the issue of imbalanced category samples in water quality assessment, (2) demonstrating the faster convergence speed and improved potential distribution learning ability of the proposed VAE–WGAN–GP model, (3) introducing the compensation degree concept and conducting comprehensive compensation experiments, resulting in a 9.7% increase in the accuracy of water quality assessment for multi-classification imbalance samples.
SESGO IDEOLÓGICO
Authors: Caponi Gustavo
Published: November 2023

El termino ideología suele ser usado en tres sentidos diferentes; cada uno de los cuáles alude a un concepto de diferente: la ideología en el sentido originalmente propuesto por Marx y Engels; la ideología como ideario político, que termino siendo la noción de uso más frecuente; y la ideología como sesgo que afecta las posiciones que pueden adoptarse en el campo de la teoría. Aquí será analizada esta última noción; tentando mostrar su diferencia, pero también sus relaciones, con las otras dos nociones. También se intentará establecer una diferencia entre las nociones de sesgo ideológico en la teoría y posición política en la teoría.
A velha e a nova lógica
Authors: ALVES ALEXANDRE
Published: November 2023

Trata-se da tradução de um ensaio clássico publicado por Rudolf Carnap na revista Erkenntnis. A tradução é precedida por um texto de apresentação, que situa o ensaio e sua importância no contexto da filosofia contemporânea e na obra de Carnap. No ensaio, Carnap indica as principais características que distinguem o que ele chama de nova lógica (a lógica simbólica matemática derivada das obras de Frege, Peano e Hilbert, entre outros) da lógica filosófica tradicional e explica a sua importância como novo método do filosofar.
Implementation of Google Forms as Alternative for Quality Indicator Recording and Reporting Systems in the Time of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Octavianus Marshal , Indriani Wiwin , Fitriasari Nikma
Published: November 2023

Recording and reporting are parts of health services aiming to create administrative discipline to improve health service quality. Covid-19 pandemic prevalence has impeded unit quality indicator recording and reporting, causing suboptimal quality measurements. This study aimed to see the implementation of Google Forms as a solution to overcome obstacles in unit quality indicator recording and reporting. This study was a one-group pre-experimental with a pre-and post-intervention design without control. The sample was seven people who were Laboratory Unit staff of a Private Hospital in Batu City. The results showed that applying Google Forms can provide staff's ability and timeliness in measuring unit quality indicators. A good quality measurement method can increase the effectiveness of monitoring and evaluation related to patient-centered quality improvement.
Teachers’ lesson plan in the implementation of HOTS oriented physical education learning
Authors: Suhadi Suhadi , Handoko Riky Dwi , Mawarti Sri , Santoso Nurhadi , Antoni Muhammad Sigit , Andriyani Fitria Dwi
Published: November 2023

Lesson plan is the main key in learning. This study aims to analyze the lesson plans of High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) oriented big ball games subject in physical education learning. This is descriptive quantitative research, with document analysis method. 16 lesson plans arranged by 16 teachers from 16 schools in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta involved in this study. This study analyzes big ball game lesson plans including eight indicators: formulation of indicators, learning objectives, learning methods, learning media, learning materials, learning resources, learning activities, and learning assessments using document analysis guidelines with descriptors ranging from 1-5 scales (very good, good, acceptable, poor, very poor). The data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive analysis and is presented in percentage. The results showed that the analysis of HOTS-oriented big ball game lesson plans as a whole was included in the sufficient category with a range of eight indicators 29-84. The learning resource component is the component of the lesson plan that has the lowest average of 1.94. The learning activity component is the lesson plan component that has the highest mean of 19.12. It can be concluded that learning resources need the main attention to be improved in order to realize HOTS learning. Therefore, future research should consider the type of game, level of education, region or area, and health conditions due to post-pandemic situations.
Empowering Patients, Enriching Outcomes: An Integrative and Occupational Approach to Addressing Chronic Pain in Primary Care
Authors: Hernandez Kazandra Lopez , Rider John V.
Published: November 2023

Concept PaperEmpowering Patients, Enriching Outcomes: An Integrative and Occupational Approach to Addressing Chronic Pain in Primary CareKazandra Lopez Hernandez *, John V. Rider School of Occupational Therapy, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Dr., Henderson, NV, USA; E-Mails: kazandralopezhernandez@gmail.com; jrider@touro.edu* Correspondence: Kazandra Lopez Hernandez; E-Mail: kazandralopezhernandez@gmail.com Academic Editor: Enrica SantarcangeloSpecial Issue: Occupational Therapy Interventions for the Treatment of PainOBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine2023, volume 8, issue 4 doi:10.21926/obm.icm.2304053Received: July 26, 2023Accepted: November 15, 2023Published: November 20, 2023AbstractChronic pain imposes significant personal and societal challenges. The concerning impact across all population levels has led to several federal agencies dedicating considerable efforts to developing clinically guiding recommendations to improve how chronic pain is addressed, specifically in primary care practice. These guidelines recognize and emphasize the importance of comprehensive evaluation, appropriate diagnosis, and treatment interventions that target multifactorial influences of pain for improved quality of life outcomes through function and participation in activities of daily living. Similarly, guideline recommendations encourage optimizing nonpharmacologic and non-opioid interventions and thorough risk assessment before initiating opioid treatment therapy. This paper proposes a clinical practice pathway demonstrating the integration of occupational therapy (OT) into primary care practice to address chronic pain through an interprofessional, collaborative, patient-centered approach that recognizes biopsychosocial components of chronic pain. Keywords Biopsychosocial; evaluation; occupational therapy; pain; primary care; treatment
Tejer impacto: metodología para la evaluación ex ante del impacto de proyectos de investigación y desarrollo en el sector agropecuario
Authors: Tibaduiza Castañeda Leidy Patricia , Blundo Canto Genowefa , Rodríguez Borray Gonzalo Alfredo , Ramírez Gómez María Margarita , Vásquez Urriago Ángela Rocío , Zambrano Moreno Gregorio Salomón , Agudelo Chocontá Beatriz Elena , Santacruz Castro Adriana Marcela , Huertas Carranza Bellanid , Mejía Mejía Andrés Daniel , Uribe Galvis Claudia Patricia
Published: November 2023

Las actuales coyunturas solicitan al sector agropecuario colombiano acciones y medidas que aporten a la supervivencia humana y del planeta. Desde esta perspectiva, corresponde a la investigación agropecuaria desarrollar acciones y procesos cada vez más contextualizados. En este sentido, Tejer Impacto es una metodología con abordaje transdisciplinar para la evaluación (ex ante) y formulación de proyectos de investigación y desarrollo con perspectiva de impacto, soportados en el diálogo de saberes y en la construcción colectiva de conocimiento. El objetivo de la metodología es incorporar el conocimiento de los actores locales en la identificación de problemas y oportunidades contextuales para la adopción de tecnologías o para la puesta en marcha de proyectos de investigación y desarrollo, apoyando así la definición de prioridades de acción para la investigación agropecuaria. En este intento, elaboramos este manual con el propósito de apoyar procesos de fortalecimiento de capacidades que aporten a la formulación de proyectos de investigación y desarrollo en contextos agropecuarios y rurales que generen los mayores impactos esperados por la sociedad al menor costo posible. De este modo, puede usarse como material didáctico para equipos de formuladores de proyectos, como material de referencia para actores públicos y privados vinculados al sector agropecuario, como documento de consulta para tomadores de decisiones interesados en integrar enfoques participativos con comunidades, entre otros.
Estrategia de seguimiento a la gestión de la Agenda i+d+i departamental: caso piloto Casanare
Authors: Moreno Valderrama María Nancy , Parra Gaitán Mary Lu , Galindo Rozo Yeimy Paola , Yepes Vargas Luz Andrea , Santana Medina Jairo Javier , Rincón Novoa Rubiela , Sáenz Torres Santiago Manuel , Correa Assmus Gustavo , Uribe Díaz Andrea del Pilar , Alvarado Rincón Joao
Published: November 2023

El Plan Estratégico de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Agropecuaria, según la Ley 1876 de 2017, es la herramienta de planificación a nivel sectorial que contiene la Agenda Dinámica Nacional de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación Agropecuaria, donde se consolidan las necesidades en ciencia, tecnología e innovación de las diferentes cadenas productivas priorizadas en los departamentos, y que busca, por medio de su gestión e implementación, focalizar las acciones y los recursos para avanzar en la solución de las demandas identificadas. Por lo anterior, se generó una estrategia de seguimiento a la gestión de dicha Agenda, como parte de las acciones para el fortalecimiento de capacidades del Sistema Nacional de Innovación Agropecuaria (SNIA) de orden departamental. La iniciativa se implementó en el departamento de Casanare como caso de estudio, con el objetivo de fomentar la apropiación de este instrumento de planificación por parte de los actores y como contribución en la toma de decisiones a nivel territorial. Esta estrategia contiene una etapa de diseño, implementación y acciones de cumplimiento, así como la formulación del respectivo plan de acción que completa el ciclo de mejoramiento continuo. En el estudio de caso se definieron 12 indicadores orientados a medir iniciativas, capacidades, oferta tecnológica y transferencia de tecnología del sector agropecuario, los cuales fueron cuantificados y analizados con base en información secundaria disponible a nivel departamental y nacional, cuyos datos constituyen la línea base del proceso de seguimiento. Se espera que esta estrategia sirva como modelo y sea adoptada por la Mesa de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Agropecuaria de Casanare y de los demás departamentos del país, en tanto que es la instancia de participación que articula a los diferentes actores del ecosistema de ciencia, tecnología e innovación agropecuaria, entre ellos gestores de políticas públicas sectoriales, tomadores de decisión, formuladores de proyectos, gremios, asociaciones de productores del sector, investigadores e instituciones de educación superior, a fin de fortalecer las capacidades del SNIA a nivel local, regional y nacional.
Use Intention and User Expectations of Human-Supported and Self-Help eHealth Interventions: Internet-Based Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cohen Rodrigues Talia R , Reijnders Thomas , Breeman Linda D , Janssen Veronica R , Kraaijenhagen Roderik A , Atsma Douwe E , Evers Andrea WM
Published: November 2023

Background

Self-help eHealth interventions provide automated support to change health behaviors without any further human assistance. The main advantage of self-help eHealth interventions is that they have the potential to lower the workload of health care professionals. However, one disadvantage is that they generally have a lower uptake. Possibly, the absence of a relationship with a health care professional (referred to as the working alliance) could lead to negative expectations that hinder the uptake of self-help interventions. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) identifies which expectations predict use intention. As there has been no previous research exploring how expectations affect the adoption of both self-help and human-supported eHealth interventions, this study is the first to investigate the impact of expectations on the uptake of both kinds of eHealth interventions.

Objective

This study investigated the intention to use a self-help eHealth intervention compared to a human-supported eHealth intervention and the expectations that moderate this relationship.

Methods

A total of 146 participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions (human-supported or self-help eHealth interventions). Participants evaluated screenshots of a human-supported or self-help app–based stress intervention. We measured intention to use the intervention-expected working alliance and the UTAUT constructs: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence.

Results

Use intention did not differ significantly between the 2 conditions (t142=–1.133; P=.26). Performance expectancy (F1,140=69.269; P<.001), effort expectancy (F1,140=3.961; P=.049), social influence (F1,140=90.025; P<.001), and expected working alliance (F1,140=26.435; P<.001) were positively related to use intention regardless of condition. The interaction analysis showed that performance expectancy (F1,140=4.363; P=.04) and effort expectancy (F1,140=4.102; P=.045) more strongly influenced use intention in the self-help condition compared to the human-supported condition.

Conclusions

As we found no difference in use intention, our results suggest that we could expect an equal uptake of self-help eHealth interventions and human-supported ones. However, attention should be paid to people who have doubts about the intervention’s helpfulness or ease of use. For those people, providing additional human support would be beneficial to ensure uptake. Screening user expectations could help health care professionals optimize self-help eHealth intervention uptake in practice.

Trial Registration

OSF Registries osf.io/n47cz; https://osf.io/n47cz
How Can the Clinical Aptitude of AI Assistants Be Assayed?
Authors: Thirunavukarasu Arun James
Published: November 2023

Large language models (LLMs) are exhibiting remarkable performance in clinical contexts, with exemplar results ranging from expert-level attainment in medical examination questions to superior accuracy and relevance when responding to patient queries compared to real doctors replying to queries on social media. The deployment of LLMs in conventional health care settings is yet to be reported, and there remains an open question as to what evidence should be required before such deployment is warranted. Early validation studies use unvalidated surrogate variables to represent clinical aptitude, and it may be necessary to conduct prospective randomized controlled trials to justify the use of an LLM for clinical advice or assistance, as potential pitfalls and pain points cannot be exhaustively predicted. This viewpoint states that as LLMs continue to revolutionize the field, there is an opportunity to improve the rigor of artificial intelligence (AI) research to reward innovation, conferring real benefits to real patients.
Capacity of Generative AI to Interpret Human Emotions From Visual and Textual Data: Pilot Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Elyoseph Zohar , Refoua Elad , Asraf Kfir , Lvovsky Maya , Shimoni Yoav , Hadar-Shoval Dorit
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Mentalization, which is integral to human cognitive processes, pertains to the interpretation of one’s own and others’ mental states, including emotions, beliefs, and intentions. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and the prominence of large language models in mental health applications, questions persist about their aptitude in emotional comprehension. The prior iteration of the large language model from OpenAI, ChatGPT-3.5, demonstrated an advanced capacity to interpret emotions from textual data, surpassing human benchmarks. Given the introduction of ChatGPT-4, with its enhanced visual processing capabilities, and considering Google Bard’s existing visual functionalities, a rigorous assessment of their proficiency in visual mentalizing is warranted.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the research was to critically evaluate the capabilities of ChatGPT-4 and Google Bard with regard to their competence in discerning visual mentalizing indicators as contrasted with their textual-based mentalizing abilities.

METHODS

The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test developed by Baron-Cohen and colleagues was used to assess the models’ proficiency in interpreting visual emotional indicators. Simultaneously, the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale was used to evaluate the large language models’ aptitude in textual mentalizing. Collating data from both tests provided a holistic view of the mentalizing capabilities of ChatGPT-4 and Bard.

RESULTS

ChatGPT-4, displaying a pronounced ability in emotion recognition, secured scores of 26 and 27 in 2 distinct evaluations, significantly deviating from a random response paradigm (P<.001). These scores align with established benchmarks from the broader human demographic. Notably, ChatGPT-4 exhibited consistent responses, with no discernible biases pertaining to the sex of the model or the nature of the emotion. In contrast, Google Bard’s performance aligned with random response patterns, securing scores of 10 and 12 and rendering further detailed analysis redundant. In the domain of textual analysis, both ChatGPT and Bard surpassed established benchmarks from the general population, with their performances being remarkably congruent.

CONCLUSIONS

ChatGPT-4 proved its efficacy in the domain of visual mentalizing, aligning closely with human performance standards. Although both models displayed commendable acumen in textual emotion interpretation, Bard’s capabilities in visual emotion interpretation necessitate further scrutiny and potential refinement. This study stresses the criticality of ethical AI development for emotional recognition, highlighting the need for inclusive data, collaboration with patients and mental health experts, and stringent governmental oversight to ensure transparency and protect patient privacy.
National Research Mentoring Network: A/B Testing User Enrollment to Enhance Diversity in BioMedical Workforce (Preprint)
Authors: Syed Toufeeq Ahmed , Thompson Erika L. , Johnson Jay , Latif Zainab , Kennedy Nan , Javier Damaris , Stinson Katie , Vishwanatha Jamboor K.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The National Research Mentoring Network (NRMN) is an NIH funded program to diversify the STEMM research workforce through providing mentoring, networking, and professional development resources. NRMN provides resources to members through its online platform, MyNRMN.

OBJECTIVE

MyNRMN helps members build a network of mentors. Our goal is to expand enrollment and mentoring connections, especially among those historically underrepresented in biomedical training and the biomedical workforce.

METHODS

To improve ease of enrollment, we implemented split testing of iterations of our user interface for platform registration. To increase mentoring connections, we developed multiple features that facilitate connecting via different pathways.

RESULTS

Our improved user interface yielded significantly higher rates of completed registrations. Our analysis showed improvement in completed enrollments using Version 1 compared to the Legacy (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.30, 1.78). Version 2, with its simplified, one-step pro¬cess, and fewer required fields, outperformed the Legacy (OR=2.18, 95%CI 1.90, 2.50). Our newly developed features delivered an increase in connections between members.

CONCLUSIONS

MyNRMN’s technical efforts expanded its membership base and increased connections between members. Other platforms can learn from these efforts regarding how to increase enrollment among underrepresented groups and foster continuing, successful engagement.
Identifikasi Potensi Psikoterapi Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram sebagai Wisata Kebugaran Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Devi Arundina , Maizida Karlina
Published: November 2023

Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram is a local based psychotherapy originally from Yogyakarta, which is based on human feelings principally for self-introspection, hence Kawruh Jiwa means knowledge of feeling (raos). This study aims to identify whether Kawruh Jiwa Psychotherapy has the potential to become a wellness tourism attraction and if so, what potential does Kawruh Jiwa Psychotherapy have. This research is a qualitative descriptive study and data collection is gathered through interviews, observation, and literature study in 2021. The potential for wellness tourism in Kawruh Jiwa Psychotherapy is identified based on seven wellness tourism variables in the Extended Wellness Model (Mueller and Kaufmann, 2001), and supporting data is obtained through students' perceptions of mental health issues. The results obtained from this study indicate that Kawruh Jiwa Psychotherapy has the potential to be developed as a new wellness tourism attraction in Indonesia based on local wisdom. This study revealed that from a total of 7 variables in the wellness tourism dimension, Kawruh Jiwa Psychotherapy supports of 6 variables: Mind (mental activity, education), Body (physical fitness), Self-Responsibility, Relaxation, Social Contacts, and Environmental Sensitivity. Its potential to be one of the wellness tourism attractions in Yogyakarta surely needs support from stakeholders, especially the local government to make Dusun Balong, a location where it takes place will have more proper tourism attractions, accessibility, amenities, and ancillary (4A aspects).
Managing Carbon Footprint at Music Festivals: A Study at Glastonbury Festival
Authors: Larasti Anindya Kenyo
Published: November 2023

The Glastonbury Festival, renowned as one of the greatest music festivals globally, has come under environmental scrutiny due to its substantial expansion. While the festival undeniably benefits the economy, it also has adverse effects by contributing to the carbon footprint. This phenomenon is a result of congregating a large number of individuals in a single location concurrently for an extended period of time. The carbon footprint generated is substantial, and when combined with the garbage generated, it can result in significant environmental harm. Recognizing this concern, the organizer has implemented a comprehensive strategy to reduce and control its carbon emissions. Hence, this study evaluated the efficacy of various approaches by employing the framework of energy consumption, trash generation, and transportation emissions (Fredline et al., 2005). The outcome demonstrates that Glastonbury Festival's endeavor to achieve environmental sustainability underscores its dedication to diminishing its carbon emissions while safeguarding its core identity. Glastonbury has implemented novel energy solutions, such as solar and wind power, biodiesel, and recycled vegetable oil waste, to reduce emissions and include sustainable energy sources. Furthermore, waste management has effectively diminished the usage of disposable plastic bottles, decreased trash through recycling efforts, and promoted the practice of participants taking their possessions with them. Lastly, the transportation emissions, which account for the largest proportion of the total emissions, still require a solution, since they remain the primary concern of the event. The Glastonbury Festival's sustainability could be improved by the implementation of additional measures, educational initiatives, and partnerships with environmental organizations.
The Data Journalism Practices in the Production of Investigative News Videos by Narasi TV
Authors: Intan Fajarlie Nadia , Muda Z. Monggilo Zainuddin
Published: November 2023

The digital and open data era has given rise to the development of methods in data journalism to create an in-depth or investigative news report. The widespread use of social media, dominated by the Y and Z generations, has also encouraged journalists to present the story in attractive formats. As one of the digital media in Indonesia, Narasi TV has data-based long-form stories called Buka Mata, presented in video forms and published through various social media. This research aims to answer the question, “How does Narasi TV produce the data journalism videos in Buka Mata?” to describe Narasi TV’s data journalism practices. This study uses a constructivist paradigm, a qualitative approach, and the case study method; and refers to the data journalism concept from The Data Journalism Handbook in 2012 to solve the research question. The findings show that Narasi TV has implemented data journalism practices such as gathering, verifying, analyzing, and visualizing data in producing Buka Mata. Furthermore, Narasi TV also uses an open-source intelligence (OSINT) method to create its investigative news videos.
An Empirical Study of Shadowing in College English Listening Teaching
Authors: Zhou Jia , Tang Weihong
Published: November 2023

Shadowing is one of the main means of simultaneous interpreting practice, and many studies have combined it with English listening teaching. This paper takes first-year students as the research object, studies the students’ cognitive psychology of shadowing by designing a questionnaire, and explores the practicality of the method by comparing the pre and post-test scores. The results show that shadowing plays a positive role in English listening teaching.