bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of biodegradable plastic production using response surface methodology
Authors: Riza M , Syaubari S , Andriansyah A , Dewi R , Ernita L
Published: December 2019

Optimization is a searching technique for variable values considered optimum, effective and efficient, in order to reach the desirable results. An experiment was carried out to see the relationship between response variable and the independent variable. Several comparison tests can be obtained to gain the level that will create optimal response. The aim of this research is to apply the Response Surface methodology in order to obtain the optimum condition for the process variable in producing biodegradable plastic with lemongrass as antioxidant. Fixed variables in this research are tapioca starch, 69-79°C gelatinization temperature and the total mixture weight that consists of starch, poly(NIPAM) chitosan, lemongrass oil, acetic acid and water. The response variables are tensile strength and break of elongation of each biodegradable plastic that is produced. The application of response surface methodology on each biodegradable plastic can be used to obtain the independent variable that makes the optimal response variable. The predicted result of the optimum value for tensile strength and elongation of break lies on the composition treatment of Poly(NIPAM)-chitosan 0.35 grams, glycerol 3.5 grams and 36,55% lemongrass oil with tensile strength result of 3.98 MPa and elongation of break of 36.55%.
Cellulose extracted from water hyacinth and the application in hydrogel
Authors: Setyaningsih L , Satria E , Khoironi H , Dwisari M , Setyowati G , Rachmawati N , Kusuma R , Anggraeni J
Published: December 2019

This paper present the conversion of cellulose based on water hyacinth into hydrogel. The water hyacinth cellulose was prepared using acid-alkaline treatment and bleaching. The cellulose properties was optimized by varying the extraction condition such as solvent concentration and temperature. The analysis method of FTIR and XRD were used for characterizing the functional groups and crystallinity of cellulose. The effective condition of extraction were achieved at solvent concentration 17.5% w/w of NaOH, 8% v/v of H2O2 as bleaching agent and temperature of 80°C. The extracted cellulose was used to produced hydrogels using polyvinyl alcohol and glutaraldehyde as crosslinker agent. The research revealed that adding of glutaraldehyde with ratio 1:2 at 25°C give the highest water absorption capacity of 285%.
Evaluation of bus rapid transit (BRT) Trans Kota Tangerang service performance
Authors: Fauziah B , Barus L S , Sumabrata J , Martell-Flores H
Published: December 2019

The Tangerang City Government is one of the cities that has implemented BRT policy as public transportation since December 2016. This study aims to assess and analyze of BRT Trans Kota Tangerang service performance. The study uses quantitative methods, based on 5 dimensions of servqual, namely Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Emphaty, then assessed as referring to the standards of public transport services SK Dirjen no.687 of 2002, Minister of Transportation Regulation no. 10 of 2012, amendment no. 27 of 2015, ITDP 2016 BRT Standard. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of importance and level of satisfaction of users towards the perceived performance of BRT Trans Kota Tangerang service. The service is assessed from the perceptions and expectations of BRT users. The results of the study show that the level of importance that must be prioritized is the tangible dimension of the item information on the stop service to be passed in the form of visual/audio in the stop functioning properly. BRT users are dominated by middle-class (captive) economic people who have no choice and depend on public transportation for daily mobility. BRT users were very satisfied with BRT Trans Kota Tangerang service performance.
Study flood routing Mamak Dam and evaluate the River Mamak to convey the flood design, Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Sutapa I W
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Mamak Dam in controlling the volume of flooding and the capacity of the Mamak River to deliver the design flood. The investigation was carried out with a survey at the study site and collected secondary data. The methodology carried out was in the form of routing floods through reservoir by routing floods through the level pool routing. The profile of the Mamak River uses unsteady flow with the of HECRAS 4.1 software. The conclusions from this study are: 1). Mamak Dam can extend the peak flood time from 5 to 6 hours to 10 to 12 hours; reducing the flood of Mamak Dam between 107.51 m3/s to 232.96 m3/s or equivalent to 60.44% to 41.75% according to the return period of the flood discharge. 2). The flood discharge that comes from the overflow of the Mamak Dam is not able to be fully flowed by the Mamak River resulting in flooding, both annual flooding and for 25 years return period. 3). To overcome this flood, the flood dikes planned to vary in height from 0.81 m to 3.2 m.
Experimental study of variation of models and layers in bamboo’s perpendicular connection to fiber with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)
Authors: Kuncoro H B B , Awaludin A , Triwiyono A , Darwis Z
Published: December 2019

Bamboo is a natural material that is a great demand in the field of simple construction, so connection is one of the things that need to be considered. Research on bamboo connection has been carried out using bolts, steel gussets with wood or mortar fillers, and Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP). The use of FRP has advantage since FRP is light, strong, and has adequately high stiffness. This research uses two types of perpendicular connection to fiber (TLS) with two layers methods, different number of layers, and two bolts which function as lateral connection. The used connection testing method is quasi-static monotonic loading. From the results of the study it is found that TLS01-2L increased the maximum load by 80,05 percent compared to TLS01-1L, while in TLS02-2L there is a decrease of 20,65 percent compared to TLS02-1L. In addition, the average ductility value is 2,63 for TLS01 and 2,11 for TLS02 so the stiffness value only reaches 1,75 for TLS01 and 1,97 for TLS02. It can be concluded that the numbers of layer do not affect the strength of the TLS connection but rather the FRP bonding area and the windings method which influences the strength and stiffness of the connection.
Stabilization of clay using slag and fly ash with reference to UCT value (Case study: Jalan Kadusentar, Pandeglang District-Banten)
Authors: Fathonah W , Intari D E , Mina E , Kusuma R I , Mahfudoh
Published: December 2019

Expansive soils have low soil bearing capacity so that’s causes often problems in buildings. One ways to repair soil bearing capacity is improve the strength of original soil with chemical stabilization methods using slag and fly ash. The research goals were to find out the effect of adding slag and fly ash with reference to unconfined compressive strength value and physical properties of the soil before and after stabilizing with slag (10%, 20% and 30%) and fly ash (20%) and to know classification soil on jalan Kadusentar, Pandeglang District - Banten based on USCS classification. The results of this study obtained original soil types including the MH category is non-organic clay with high plasticity. The UCT value of original soil was 1, 407 kg/cm2. Addition of slag and fly ash increased the value of unconfined compressive strength and can improve the physical properties of the soil by decreasing the value soil plasticity index. The maximum UCT value is the percentage of 20% fly ash and 10% slag of 8, 393 kg/cm2 including hard consistency with unconfined compressive strength values greater than 4 kg/cm2 with curing time for 14 days.
Clay stabilization using flyash and carbide waste and its effect on the value of unconfined compression test (Case Study of National Park Ujung Kulon Road in Pandeglang Regency)
Authors: Kusuma R I , Mina E , Fathonah W , Mubtady I
Published: December 2019

Clay is a type of soil with high pore water characteristics which causes its problem for pavment. Ujung Kulon national Park road in Sumur Subdistrict, Pandeglang Regency is a road with clay soil type, so the road is often demaged. To overcome this its problem it is necessary to add strength and improve its bearing capacity.The water content of the sample taken from the compaction of the original soil standart proctor. The variation of fly ash mixture that used is 0% and 20% and carbide waste with a mixture of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. Based on the result, the soil which stabilized by fly ash and carbide waste in the variation of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% showed the increase of the value of the soil bearing capacity, and decrease the velue of soil plasticity index.the largest of UCT (Unconfined Compression Ssrenght) value result for soil sample mixed with 20% fly ash and 20% carbide waste contain by curing for 28 days in amount of 5,51 kg/cm2.
Experimental study of crack depth measurement of concrete with ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV)
Authors: Baehaki  , Andi M , Yohanes G R
Published: December 2019

This research was conducted to know the effect of reinforcement and distance tranducer effective in detecting the depth of concrete cracks. The test specimen used is a 15x15x60 cm3 concrete beam with a concrete quality of 19 MPa. The test material is made of artificial cracks as depth as ± 2cm, ± 4cm, ± 6cm, and any fractured variation made 3 pieces of speciment, in addition to the test object was given a reinforcement of Ø8 mm which is placed horizontally in the center of the beam at a depth of 4 cm from the concrete surface. This testing using indirect method with variations of tranducer distance of 3cm, 6cm, 9cm, and 12cm. The study concluded that the accuracy of UPV testing results was influenced by reinforcement and distance tranducer. Test speciment with an artificial crack depth of ± 2cm and ± 4cm have a greater reading result with a relative error of 36.8% and 16.5%, while the test object with an artificial crack depth of ± 6cm has a smaller reading result with a relative error ± 3.4%. In addition, it obtained an effective tranducer distance of 12cm with an accuracy of 85.4%.
Experimental evaluation of real-time packets transmission during vertical handover process on mobile ipv6
Authors: Praptodiyono S , Pramudyo A S , Irfan A , Santoso M I , Osman A
Published: December 2019

The Internet user is growing incrementally over the world. Most of them use mobile devices to connect to the internet. They aim to stay in connection every time and everywhere. Thus, they use mobile IP communication to get always connected to the internet while they move to another place. Fortunately, the telco infrastructure has reached many places in the world. Also, the video file transmission is now becoming a new trend, especially a short movie transmitted via social media. The huge of the internet connection caused the scarcity of Internet address. It was anticipated by introducing IPv6 that supported the mobility by presenting the Mobile IPv6. This paper evaluates the performance on the MIPv6 mechanism on transferring video when the user moves to another place that usually different network infrastructure. Therefore, the vertical handover does not disturb the quality of the video transmission. The experimentation results show during the vertical handover, the addition delay and packet loss is low especially when the network is overlap. If the network is not overlap, the main factor for the handover delay and packet loss is the distance between home network and a new network.
Integrated micro tesla magnetic sensor for detecting photovoltaic cells failure
Authors: Alfanz R , Okazaki Y , Ikegami T , Deng Y
Published: December 2019

Recently more attention on the failure of PV systems has been paid and more reports have been found in PV related papers. Various methods to detect failure of PV module have been developed; They are visual method, I-V characteristic method, electroluminescence (EL) method, UV fluorescence method, signal transmission method, IR thermography method, photoluminescence (PL) method. However, each method has some limitations. Developing a new alternative diagnostic method of PV cells will be required for efficient operation of PV system. The proposed method uses μ-tesla magnetic sensor (MI-CB-1DM) to detect failure in a PV cell. The experimental design carried out in this study covered two stages. In the first stage, we developed a method for detecting faults in PV cells using the μ-tesla magnetic sensor method. In this second stage a calculation will be made to determine the current level due to the failure of the PV cell. The results show that Bx at the lower busbar in the degraded module has smaller magnetic density than the upper busbar. No obvious difference can be seen in the Bx and By profiles between the normal and degraded cells.
Design of linked sirens for tsunami early warning system using telecontrol system (case study at PUSDALOPS PB BPBD of Cilegon city)
Authors: Wiryadinata R , Pratama A , Fahrizal R , Firmansyah T , Widyani R
Published: December 2019

Cilegon is an industrial city located near and facing the Megathrust Sunda Strait Subduction Zone. Around the Sunda Strait is Mount Anak Krakatau which is the most active mountain in the world. So that, it has the potential for a tsunami to cause a catastrophic failure of technology along the coast of Cilegon. In this study, TEWS (Tsunami Early Warning System) is made in the form of sirens that are connected in parallel (linked sirens), can be controlled from the PUSDALOPS room of BPBD in Cilegon City. Communication system used by GSM and amateur radio. The test is carried out using a BPBD repeater with a radius of 146 km. The results of the study prove that the delay in the GSM communication system is 14.5 seconds, whereas the delay in the RF system is 6.4 seconds.
Thinning process algorithms for compound poisson process having nonhomogeneous poisson process (NHPP) intensity functions
Authors: Abdullah S , Ikhsan F , Ula S , Rukmayadi Y
Published: December 2019

One stochastic process that is often used to model real phenomena is the compound Poisson process (CPP). CPP is a process in which a component in the process of the events occurred is assumed to be a Poisson process with a certain intensity function (homogeneous or nonhomogeneous). Thinning process algorithm is usually used to generate events that occurred in the Poisson process, but not yet in CPP. This study aims to find out the algorithm to produce CPP which has the function of Poisson nonhomogeneous (NHPP) intensity, where in addition to knowing the process of events that occur, it also takes into account the extent of the consequences of these events. The value of the load caused by the Poisson process is assumed to be a family of i.i.d random variables and the variables are also independent of the Poisson process. The results of this study have obtained the thinning process algorithm and its generalizations for compound Poisson process having nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) intensity functions. This algorithm is the result of theoretical development and analysis of computational simulations that can be applied in various fields of science such as the analysis of reliability and risk models.
Text editor application to automate the format of writing a final project based on java programs
Authors: Masjudin  , Lufianawati D E T
Published: December 2019

Final project is a prerequisite that must be taken by students to get a Bachelor or Master Degree. Final project contains the results of research made in a specific format as reporting the research process to the institution. Each institution has a standard format for the final project or thesis writing rules which are usually written in the instructions for writing a thesis. Institutions usually provide writing templates to follow, but because the templates only make a number of important parts and are still manual, the format of student writing often changes and is not uniform with other students or some are deviant and not in accordance with the standard written format. This study designed a text editor application to help students or researchers so that it was not too problematic in the writing format. This application is based on a graphical user interface, making it easier to operate. The rules in the program are made to automate the writing entered to produce written output in accordance with the format specified by the institution. With this system, student or researcher will be easier in writing the script according to the standard of writing and get a final project or thesis report in a uniform format.
Chacha stream cipher implementation for network security in wireless sensor network
Authors: Muhammad F , Ahendyarti C , Masjudin
Published: December 2019

In the 4.0 industrial revolution, technologies are designed to be able to connect to the internet. These technologies should be able to exchange data between them using sensors and others. One of the ways to send it is by the wireless sensor network. However, involving the internet in exchanging data needs security guarantees. Three things must meet in network security, that is confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Cryptography use for the confidentiality of the information that will be sent by the user. In this research will be using the symmetric cryptography for network security on wireless sensor networks. In addition to network security, symmetric cryptography method will be used also consider energy efficiency on a wireless sensor network. Chacha stream cipher as symmetric cryptography will be used as a method of messages encryption. Experiments in this research used NS-3 as a network simulator. Results of the tests show that the purpose method has a computation time of 0.2385 ms and the second-fastest after the rabbit cryptographic process. Chacha LR WPAN simulation process has a computation time of 17.6199 ms.
Design of wireless power transfer using flyback converter and tesla coils
Authors: Martiningsih W , Otong M , Reppi H W
Published: December 2019

This research to design a wireless electric power transfer system by utilizing a used TV flyback transformer. Flyback TV is used as a Tesla coil power supply with a flyback converter circuit. The principle of wireless in this study is the resonance of electromagnetic waves produced by the Tesla coil. Experiments are carried out by providing switching frequencies and changing distances. The results showed that the power produced was 31.24 W (highest) at a switching frequency of 6.8 kHz and at a distance of 10 m. Efficiency at the same condition is 56, 768%.
Analysis of coal allocation on steam power plants and the effect of multi-suppliers, demand and time variations on coal’s safety stock
Authors: Jason A , Asih A M S , Yuniarto H A
Published: December 2019

Fulfilling coal-based electricity needs has its own challenges. It is because coal supply chain is a complex network in which various coal specifications could be supplied by more than one supplier. Uncertainty in demand and lead-time also complicates the situation. Moreover, each supplier can offer different price for the coal and different transportation. This paper empirically examined the coal allocation for steam power plants in Indonesia. There are 12 coal suppliers and 25 power plants as the subjects of evaluation. In order to find the set of suppliers and its allocations, optimization model that minimizing the purchasing and transportation cost was developed. The output from the optimization was then used as an input to find the level of safety stock, order quantity, and reorder point in each plant that can prevent the occurrence of stock out. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to understand the impact of variation in demand and lead-time. The results show that lead time variations needs to be considered more in determining safety stock level rather than demand variations, including when having multi-suppliers.
Organization clustering airports using K-Means clustering algorithm
Authors: Trenggonowati D L , Ulfah M , Ekawati R , Yusuf V A
Published: December 2019

One of the right management quantity of human resources is through the establishment of an efficient organizational structure in accordance with the conditions of the airport. PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) is one of the State-Owned Enterprises engaged in the business of airport services in the western region which currently has 16 airports. With the growing needs of air transportation, PT. Angkasa Pura II is projected by the Ministry of Transportation to become the manager of 21 airports. With an additional projection of 5 airports, PT. Angkasa Pura II (Persero) requires projections clustering for all 21 airports to be managed in order to form the right organizational structure. Therefore, 5 clusters are formed using the k-means algorithm. This method is used because it is one of the partitional clustering methods. Partitional clustering method was chosen because it was known that the company wanted to form 5 clusters. In this study clustering was carried out based on variable aircraft movements, passenger movement, cargo, area, terminal area, runway, EBITDA and revenue. The result is obtained in cluster(1) there is 1 airport, cluster(2) there are 6 airports, cluster(3) there are 5 airports, cluster(4) there are 2 airports and cluster(5) there are 5 airports.
Design of strategic risk mitigation with supply chain risk management and cold chain system approach
Authors: Ridwan A , Santoso M I , Ferdinant P F , Ankarini R
Published: December 2019

Marine fish commodities are perishable food. Many risks that can damage the catch of marine fish includes not stored and carried in low temperature conditions. Therefore, risk mitigation is required to reduce the risks that occur. This research aims to identify, analyze, evaluate and design the strategic risk mitigations with supply chain risk management and cold chain system approach. The supply chain risk management consists of: risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation, and risk mitigation in the entire of supply chain. The cold chain system is carried out from upstream to downstream in the activities of fishermen at the Karangantu Fisheries Port, Serang, Banten. The results are identified 16 risk events, 5 priority risk agents, and 5 proactive actions. The proposed strategic risk mitigations are: counseling on how to handle good catch results; adding the Port Operational Section in the field of Fish Demolition Inspection; giving penalties for fishermen who do not handle catching results properly; preparing to unload the results of fishing when the ship is on the dock, and proposing the procurement of fishing aids to the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries.
The optimal design of electric cable conductor and insulator resistance using Taguchi multi-responses method
Authors: Parkhan A , Kwintanada H A , Widodo I D
Published: December 2019

The quality of the electrical cable can be determined by resistance of insulator and conductor. There are some factors influencing the resistance of insulators and conductor. In this research, design of experiment, based on Taguchi method, is used to improve cable resistance. Because of having two responses, the optimization process uses the TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method. The result showed that the combination of levels of these factors could produce average insulator resistance of 95.70 Ω (increasing by 8.90 Ω), and the average resistance of the conductor 11.908 Ω (decreases down by 0.057 Ω). This optimal condition was obtained by combining the levels of factor A1 B1 C1 D2 E2 F1 G1, i.e. the system works at 140 rpm cabling speed, non core extruder speed 2.9 m/s, core extruder speed 2.9 m/s, cooling water temperature 20 °C, copper elongation 150 - 250, temperature for melting PVC 160 °C-165 °C and PVC density 154, 95-155 kg/m3. Sensitivity analysis indicated that weighting of product quality attributes were not sensitive to optimal factor level combinations.
Minimizing makespan on flow shop scheduling using Campbel Dudek and Smith, particle swarm optimization, and proposed heuristic algorithm
Authors: Irman A , Febianti E , Khasanah U
Published: December 2019

Scheduling is defined as the process of allocating resources over time to perform a collection of tasks within a certain period of time. PT KHI Pipe Industries in Cilegon Indonesia, has been producing high quality longitudinal and spiral weld steel pipes. The company uses FCFS (first come first serve) rule for scheduling their jobs, which means that job processing based on the first incoming prioritizes orders. In October 2018 there was delay in their production, namely 1771 pipes are still in work in process (WIP) of total demand is 6, 296 pipes. Based on these problems, this research tries to determine a better production scheduling by getting minimum makespan as scheduling performance. Heuristic and metaheuristic methods used in this research for minimizing the makespan, there are Campbell Dudek Smith (CDS) for heuristic and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for metaheuristic. We also proposed a new heuristic algorithm for this problem. The results show the makespan of each method, there are CDS method: 742.87 hours, PSO method: 711.96 hours, Proposed Heuristic Algorithm method: 694.64 hours, and existing production scheduling of FCFS rules is 746.43 hours. Based on the results, the Proposed Heuristic Algorithm has smaller makespan than the others.
Perception of taxi online service users towards women drivers based on Kano models
Authors: Ferdinant P F , Wahyuni N
Published: December 2019

Many online taxi providers are similar with a variety of quality services, so that business competition is getting tougher. But there are still many consumers who complain about operator online transportation, especially related to female drivers. So, from that researchers want to conduct a study entitled perception of female driver online services with the Kano method. The purpose of this study was to determine the user perceptions of the quality of online taxi services for female drivers based on performance and interests, knowing the attributes that must be improved, maintained or reduced by priority based on passenger perceptions of female drivers. The sample of this study was 133 passengers who had used the online taxi application. This study produces 3 dimensions, namely appearance, soft skills and hard skills which are divided into 9 service attributes. Based on data processing obtained there are 5 performance attributes, 2 indifferent attributes and 2 attractive attributes, there are the driver’s appearance is neat, clean fragrant, and the driver knows the location of the destination address. From Kano evaluation table is obtained average coefficient satisfaction 5.785 and average coefficient dissatisfaction -4.402. The average functional and dysfunctional value is 2.906 and 2.355.
Analysis of recycled tire rubber modified bitumen in Albania for quality of the road construction
Authors: Dhoska K , Markja I , Pramono A
Published: December 2019

Over the last decade, air pollution in the Republic of Albania is in a crucial moment and an actual problem that effect on human health. Many of the problems has been noticed in the industrial cities and urban zones where the number of industries and road transport has grown rapidly. One of the largest environmental impacts comes from the landfilled and burning of the waste tires. This problem has made the government to support some companies for building up the recycling industry of the waste tire in Albania. The Recycled Tire Rubber have been used in many fields such as agricultural uses, sport applications, civil engineering, rubber modified asphalt applications etc. Therefore, different parts of the world have used rubber modified asphalts where the benefits were being more widely experienced and recognized. Based on it, our paper will be focused on the asphalt mixtures produced with Recycled Tire Rubber Modified Bitumen’s (RTR-MBs). The analysis of penetration, softening point and Marshall Test will be described in this paper. Our proposal can reduce environmental impact from the waste tires and improving the quality of the road constructions in Albania.
Characteristics of aluminum AC4B with variations of silicon nitride reinforced composite produced by a stir casting process
Authors: Faisal A A , Zulfia A
Published: December 2019

At present, the combination of metal matrices and ceramic reinforcement as composite is popular for creating materials with good mechanical properties. Aluminum is used as a matrix because of its lightweight, ductile, and low melting point. In this reserach, the effect of adding silicon nitride on characteristics of Al AC4B is studied. Five sample variations were made based on fraction volume percent (1, 3, 5, 7, 10) which were fabricated through stir casting method. In the fabrication process the magnesium element was added to increase the wettability, TiB grain refiner, and modification with strontium element. The samples made got destructive, tensile, impact, and hardness testing to determine the mechanical properties of the composite. Observation of phases, elements, compounds and microstructure was done to see the distribution of reinforcing particles in the aluminum matrix and the estimated phases formed. The results showed that the optimum tensile strength of variable occurred at the addition of 1% volume of silicon nitride with a strength value of 104.94, and the optimum hardness value was at the addition of 3% Si3N4, which was 44.8 HRB. The phases formed in the composite were Mg2Si, Al2Cu, β-Al5FeSi, and π - Al9FeMg3Si5 phases.
Synthesis of Ag nano-chitosan in lactic acid solvent by irradiation method
Authors: Rekso G T , Sudradjat A
Published: December 2019

Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles were synthesized by Gamma ray irradiation in aqueous lactic acid solution containing chitosan as stabilizer. The aim of this research is to know the effect of irradiation dose and concentration of chitosan in the formation of Nano-silver. Silver Nitrate of 2 mM is dissolved in the chitosan solution. The effect of chitosan concentration which varied 0,.3%, 0. 5%, and 0. 7%(b/v) were irradiated with gamma ray at dose of 5, 10 and 15 kGy. The formed of silver Nano were identified using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, particle size analyzer (PSA) and FTIR. The result shows, the concentration of chitosan (0.3 – 0,7%) in the irradiated solution also considerably affected the silver Nano particles size which decreased with increasing of irradiation dose. Due to the unique features of the processing procedures, thus γCo-60 ray irradiation has been considered as a suitable method for synthesis of colloidal silver nanoparticles.
Utilising the See-and-Follow Method for Enhancing Robot Learning Ability
Authors: Anshar Muh , Halim D , Yohannes C
Published: December 2019

The rapid growth and development of robots today can be reflected from variations of research in the robotic field, and one of them that has been flourishing in the area is robot learning. Learning is one of the most important aspect needs to be implemented in a robot that allows the robot to improve its performance through experience-driven knowledge. There are several forms of learning methods and one of the most favourable approach is the see-and-follow method. This paper aims to develop robots that can learn to do the same movements with human movements through the see-and-follow method. Kinect sensor is used as a technology to support the process of recognizing the human body and its movements; which later to be transformed into the robot dimension. The results show that Kinect sensor can be used to measure the distance and recognize the joints of the human body along with the movements produced within a distance of 1 meter to 3.75 meters with an average reading error of 0.04 meter. The average delay time for the whole movement is 2.6 seconds. The average percentage of similarity between robot and human movements for the whole movement scenarios is 93.45%. Hence, high level of similarity in movement concludes that the method of see-and-follow successfully increases the learning skills of the robot.
Designing Board Games to Foster Tolerance
Authors: Suprapto M H , Hartanti L P S , Latumahina R
Published: December 2019

Today, tolerance for diversity in society begins to erode. The low tolerance can threaten the integrity and unity of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). Tolerance towards diversity should be inculcated since childhood. One way to develop tolerance in children is to use the playing method. This study aimed to develop children’s play equipment that can increase children’s tolerance for diversity in society. One type of children’s play equipment is board games. This board game is expected to educate children to be more tolerant of various differences in society such as: ethnicity, race, religion, and class. This increase in tolerance will support the unity and unity of the Indonesian people. The method used to design this board game was a creative method. Data collection was done by conducting surveys, observations, and literature searches. Audience target characteristics are children aged 6-10 years and live in big cities in Java such as: Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, and Semarang.
Comparison of Accuracy in Extreme Learning Machine Based on Hidden Node Structure Variation for Lung Cancer Classification
Authors: Tandungan S , Indrabayu  , Nurtanio I
Published: December 2019

This paper present Extreme Learning Machine to classify lung cancer nodules. Lung cancer is a type of lung disease that requires fast and specified treatment. Skills, facilities and multidisciplinary approach are required for diagnosing lung cancer. The use of Computed Tomography (CT) to detect lung cancer can reduce the number of deaths from lung cancer, but it increases the workload of the radiologist because CT screening process produces many medical images. Computer systems become one of the potential solutions to help radiologists solve the problem. Extreme Learning Machine is an algorithm that able to provide good generalization at fast learning time which is essential to help radiologists in analyzing lung cancer nodules images. In this paper, there were 877 nodules extracted from LIDC-IDRI dataset. All nodules used in this experiment consist of lung cancer nodules that diagnosed to four different level of malignancy and annotated by up-to four different radiologists. The result shows Extreme Learning Machine achieve 85.17%, 85.58% and 84.87% in accuracy and Matthew Correlation Coefficient 0.755, 0.762 and 0.749 using Hardlimit, Radial basis Function and Triangular Basis function, respectively.
Ultimate Strength Analysis of FPSO Hull Girder Under Longitudinal Bending
Authors: Alie M Z M , Iriani R , Juswan  , Ramadhan M I
Published: December 2019

Ship and offshore structures have become the key for the development of the offshore world. Production and processing equipment can be placed on a platform, ship and/or barge structure called FPSO (floating, production, storage, and offloading units). The FPSO’s hull works like a beam and deforms in the vertical plane. In this case, weight and bouyancy are not normally distributed and wave loading. The most important aspect of FPSO structure is the materials and structural strength used in the design. The critical condition of FPSO is when the structure is under the operation so that the structure needs to be analysed for the design requirement. In the present study, the ultimate strength of FPSO hull girder under longitudinal bending moment is analysed using numerical approach. The nonlinear finite element analysis is adopted to handle the calculation. For the simple case, the one-frame space and the fully cross section of FPSO are modeled. The quadrilateral shell element of the nonlinear method is used for meshing. By performing the boundary condition with the Multi Point Constraint (MPC) is applied where the neutral axis located. The vertical bending moment is also placed at this point (MPC) and it is connected to the all nodes at both sides of the cross sections. The ultimate strength of FPSO is calculated only for intact in hogging and sagging conditions. The ultimate strength analysis is represented in terms of the moment-curvature relationship for hogging and sagging. The result obtained the nonlinear finite element analysis is compared with Smith’s method including their collapse behavior. It is found that the comparison result of the ultimate strength is about 8.9% and 10.1% in hogging and sagging condition, respectively. It is shown that the nonlinear finite element analysis is in good aggrement with the analytical solution performed by Smith’s method.
Study on the Characteristics of Maneuvering Ferry Vessel as Effect of the Sea Waves
Authors: Hasbullah M , Paroka D , Rosmani  , Hanisa
Published: December 2019

Wave is one of the natural phenomena that gives effect to the cruise ship. The energy produced by the wave is very large that makes the ship turn directions. Therefore the turn has an error coordinates of the starting point of a ship. Deviation of the coordinates has made a further distance and increase fuel consumption, so the operational costs being higher. The research would predict the drift angle, the ship speed and rudder angle to be used after the ship got the influence of wave by taking into account the motion of surge, sway, yaw. Simulations are performed by using Delphi software, with variations of the wind height of 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, and 2 m, the wave flatness of 0.01, the speed of the wind of 0 and 10 m/s and incoming wave direction 0° - 180° on the side of the ship. It is obtained that the biggest of drift angle happened on 50° wave direction. The biggest of rudder angle happened on 110° wave direction while that fastest ship speed happened on 160° wave direction.
The Effectiveness of PAC and Chitosan Usage in Jeneberang River Raw Water Treatment
Authors: Bakri B , Selintung M , Hamdani R N , Ihsan M , Arai Y
Published: December 2019

Raw water treatment commonly uses effective coagulants with the purpose to reduce the concentration of particles causing turbidity. One of the most popular coagulants is poly aluminum chloride (PAC) with some advantages. It has low corrosiveness. Formed floccules are relatively easier to detach and pH result is in moderate level. Another alternative chemical substance as a coagulant is Chitosan, a high degradability, non-toxic substance, with high market availability. Chitosan usage produces small amount of sludge and no cationic residue. This research intended to analyze the comparison of effectiveness of PAC and chitosan as coagulants for raw water treatment in Jeneberang River. Samples were taken in two locations; at the long storage (first location) and at the ground sill (second location) in Jeneberang River. Samples were analysed at Water Quality Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Hasanuddin University. For first location, PAC has 94.57% effectiveness to reduce turbidity when compared to as for chitosan which gained 69.67% effectiveness in reducing turbidity. Therefore, the results show that PAC is more effective and efficient as a coagulant for raw water treatment in Jeneberang River when compared to Chitosan.
Study on Sc-bearing Lateritic Ni deposits in Ultramafic Rock from Sulawesi: A New Paradigm in Indonesia Metal Mining Industry
Authors: Maulana A , Sufriadin  , Sanematsu K , Sakakibara M
Published: December 2019

Scandium (Sc) and its compounds are used in many modern-technology applications such as in optical, electronic, aeronautical, and fuel-cell industries. However, Sc occurrence were only limited in a very specific area with limited deposit and little attention has been paid to the genesis of Sc-bearing deposits in the world. 6 (six) bedrock samples and 15 (fifteen) lateritic samples (saprolite to limonite) were collected and studied to investigate the distribution of Sc grades in lateritic Ni deposits and identify Sc-bearing minerals in laterites from ultramafic rocks in West Blok, East Block and Petea prospect in Soroako, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study suggests that scandium is enriched in limonite layer in weathering profile. In general, pyroxene bearing rich bedrock (harzburgite in composition) will contain higher Sc content in their weathering product. It is suggested that the Sc are associated with the occurrence of iron oxide from pyroxene. However, as the occurrence of Sc is very limited, the most promising result was shown by East Block profile in which the enrichment of Sc is also supported by enrichment of NiO content. Sc will be viable as by-product of nickel laterite.
Hydrothermal Alteration Associated with Vein-Type Sulphide Mineralization at Lappadata Prospect, South Sulawesi, Indonesia: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Nur I , Sufriadin  , Ilyas A , Irfan U R
Published: December 2019

In Lappadata area, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, indication of vein-type sulphide mineralization is occurred. This paper describes a recent study of the prospect which focused on hydrothermal alteration associated with the mineralization. In this study, alteration and mineralization samples have been collected selectively and representatively from the field and then analyzed in laboratory using petrography, ore microscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods. The study resulted that host rocks of the mineralization are porphyritic basalt and limestone members of the Early Eocene to Late Oligocene Salo Kalupang Formation. Hydrothermal alteration mineral assemblages include quartz, chlorite, muscovite, sericite, calcite, actinolite, epidote, illite, kaolinite, and pyrite, which generally zoned from distal-propylitic mainly characterized by chlorite, calcite and epidote to proximal-argillic characterized by sericite and illite. The mineralization occurred in quartz vein and disseminated with identified hypogene ores of sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, and pyrite as well as supergene ores of covellite, chalcocite, and malachite. Study of the hydrothermal alteration stability temperatures suggested that the mineralization was formed in temperature range of about 200 to 300°C, from a near-neutral pH hydrothermal fluid. The whole characteristics of hydrothermal alteration, ore and gangue minerals, mineralization types, as well as range of formation temperature and composition of the responsible hydrothermal fluid indicated that the mineralization in Lappadata prospect is an epithermal type.
Characteristic Sulfat Geochemistry of Barite (BaSO4) Marine Type on Marl Tonasa Formation Barru, South Sulawesi
Authors: Tonggiroh A , Farida M , Sirajuddin H , Battu D P
Published: December 2019

Barites can form in the marine environment as autogenic minerals, which are dominated by barium, carbonate and sulfate elements. Barite mineral distribution on Marl are occurred on two location which are Ralla and Barru Area (1) Ralla, irregular shape (2) Barru, barite concression, slightly rounded. The study aims to determine sulfat geochemistry as chemical bond and the influence of barium depositional environment. Applied Petrography, SEM and XRD Analysis on Marl, Andesite, and Barite mineral. Tabular rosset texture with minor Calcite are indicated that source of Sulfat material comes from Neritic environment (Barru) and penetration of hydrothermal solution.
Light Distribution Analysis on Buildings Located on the Coastal
Authors: Jamala N , Rahim R , Latief S , Ramli H
Published: December 2019

Issues of global warming are important. The effects of illuminance level of natural light on the earth’s surface. The use of natural light into buildings can minimize energy consumption as a source of artificial lighting, but it is important to attention to negative effects such as glare, brightness and thermal. The Aryaduta Hotel building located on the coastal area, is an object of research that needs to analyze the distribution of natural light come in to the building. The purpose of this study was to determine how the distribution of natural light in buildings on the coastal area. The results of research concluded that the farther away from the veil the building then the light distribution will decrease, orientation of the building affects the distribution of sunlight and distribution of natural light into the building affects the sun’s radiation in the morning, afternoon and evening. This research can be the base for energy efficient building design.
Glare from Windows Assessment at Offices with Three Types of Internal Solar Shadings
Authors: Dinapradipta A , Sudarma E , Defiana I , Erwindi C
Published: December 2019

Successful daylighting requires trade off and optimization between competing elements of façade, space, and lighting system. It also requires reliable tool for assessing the indoor visual comfort, especially discomfort glare from windows. The objective of the study was to investigate the users’ glare perception due to the use of internal solar shading systems by using laboratory experimentation with subjects and measurements. The purpose was to compare these results with a glare rating equation and Luminance Distribution Ratio (LDR) and to assess the reliability of this glare assessment tool to be used for assessing glare from window and in the context of humid tropics climate. The laboratory experimentations were conducted at three identical office rooms at the Department of Architecture of ITS in which each of the room’s windows was covered with different internal solar shading types e.i. Venetian, Horizontal, and Roller Blinds. Results showed good correlation between Luminance Distributions Ratio (LDR) with the users’ responses. Among the three internal shading, the Roller blind type had the highest correlation on both working activities and sitting positions to the glare perception as well as the fittest value complying the standard of luminance distribution. The research concluded that the Luminance Distribution Ratio method can be a reliable tool for assessing glare from window for many office situations in humid tropical climate.
Climatic Significance of Colonial House Forms in Surabaya
Authors: Antaryama I G N , Ekasiwi S N N , Irvansyah  , Dewi P M , Ulum M S
Published: December 2019

The present study explores the morphological characteristics of colonial houses in Surabaya. Four houses are included as the subject, and physical features of the building are recorded through field observations. Basic drawings of the building are made and used for the morphological exploration. Formal and topological characteristics of the house are then analysed and its climatic response as well as climatic adaptation potentials are evaluated. Principles of climatic adaptation and findings from previous studies on the subjects are used as the basis of the evaluation. The study found that the colonial houses in Surabaya have a great potential in terms of climatic adaptation. Despite the compact shape, the layout of the building allows internal spaces to poses high connection to outdoors, and hence increases its degree of connectedness. The colonial houses show moderate degree of exposure and have high degree of porosity due to the configuration and size of windows and doors of the building. All of these formal characteristics contribute to the significant climatic response of the building.