bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PENANGANAN BONGKAR CRUDE PALM OIL DARI MT. SP 2 BSI DI TERMINAL UNTUK KEPENTINGAN SENDIRI (TUKS) PT APICAL GROUP DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS
Authors: Kuncorojati Wanda Dwi , Rakhman Rizqi Aini , Dahri Muhammad , Yudianto Prima Yudha
Published: February 2025

Penanganan bongkar muatan Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dari kapal MT. SP 2 BSI di Terminal Untuk Kepentingan Sendiri (TUKS) PT Apical Group sangat mempengaruhi produktivitas operasi perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hambatan-hambatan dalam proses bongkar muatan serta upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas. Metode penelitian meliputi observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan staf operasional, serta analisis data sekunder dari laporan perusahaan dan literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa hambatan utama dalam penanganan bongkar muatan CPO, yaitu: keterbatasan kapasitas peralatan yang menyebabkan keterlambatan proses bongkar muat, kurangnya pelatihan dan keterampilan tenaga kerja, koordinasi antar bagian operasional yang kurang efektif, dan prosedur operasional yang tidak standar atau SOP. Untuk mengatasi hambatan-hambatan tersebut, beberapa upaya yang direkomendasikan antara lain: meningkatkan kapasitas dan pemeliharaan peralatan bongkar muat, mengadakan program pelatihan rutin bagi tenaga kerja untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dan pengetahuan mereka, memperbaiki sistem koordinasi antar bagian operasional melalui komunikasi yang lebih efektif, dan mengembangkan serta menerapkan prosedur operasional yang standar dan terstruktur. Dengan menerapkan upaya-upaya ini, diharapkan produktivitas penanganan bongkar muatan CPO di TUKS PT Apical Group dapat meningkat secara signifikan.
ANALISIS PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA, MOTIVASI KERJA, LOYALITAS TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA DIVISI OUT BOUND PT JNE EXPRESS CABANG UTAMA MEDAN
Authors: Rambe Azli Firmansyah
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari riset ini yaitu menganalisis pengaruh disiplin kerja, motivasi kerja, dan loyalitas terhadap kinerja karyawan di Divisi Out Bound PT JNE Express Cabang Utama Medan. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan pendekatan asosiatif, riset ini melibatkan 40 karyawan tetap sebagai sampel. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Adanya hasil riset ini yaitu, secara parsial maupun simultan, disiplin kerja, motivasi kerja, dan loyalitas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Disiplin kerja menjadi faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan, diikuti oleh motivasi dan loyalitas. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan disiplin dan motivasi kerja, serta loyalitas karyawan, dapat menjadi strategi efektif untuk meningkatkan kinerja di perusahaan.
ANALISIS MEKANISME PERGANTIAN CREW KAPAL TERHADAP KETENTUAN SAFE MANNING DI PT. TARAKA SAMUDRA SEJAHTERA
Authors: NISA SAYYIDATUN , Dahri Muhammad , Yudianto Prima Yudha , Rakhman Rizki Aini
Published: February 2025

Abstrak. Latar belakang penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya sumber daya manusia (SDM) dalam industri pelayaran, khususnya terkait dengan kepatuhan terhadap ketentuan safe manning. Safe manning merupakan persyaratan yang dikeluarkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut, yang mewajibkan perusahaan pelayaran untuk memastikan kru kapal memiliki kompetensi sesuai standar nasional dan internasional. PT. Taraka Samudra Sejahtera, sebagai perusahaan pelayaran, bertanggung jawab dalam merekrut dan mengelola kru kapal sesuai dengan ketentuan ini. Permasalahan utama yang dihadapi perusahaan adalah ketidakpatuhan terhadap mekanisme pergantian kru kapal yang sesuai dengan standar safe manning, yang dapat mempengaruhi operasional kapal dan keselamatan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis mekanisme pergantian kru kapal di PT. Taraka Samudra Sejahtera serta dampaknya terhadap kepatuhan pada ketentuan safe manning. Kerangka konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan analisis kebijakan manajemen SDM, faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi pergantian kru, serta kepatuhan terhadap regulasi safe manning. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pergantian kru kapal di PT. Taraka Samudra Sejahtera sering mengalami hambatan, seperti kurangnya kru pengganti yang kompeten, posisi jabatan yang tidak sesuai, dan kendala administratif. Untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut, perusahaan telah mengambil beberapa langkah, termasuk merekrut kembali kru lama yang berkinerja baik, menyiapkan cadangan kru, dan memberlakukan sanksi untuk pelanggaran aturan. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun upaya telah dilakukan untuk mematuhi ketentuan safe manning, masih terdapat beberapa area yang memerlukan perbaikan untuk memastikan operasional kapal yang aman dan efisien.
Infancias, políticas públicas y derechos humanos
Authors: Arriaga Bueno Reyna Alicia , González Reyes Alba Hortencia , Jasso Oyervides Martha Virginia , Luna Alfaro Ángel Christian , Martín González Reiner , Rivera García Cirilo
Published: February 2025

La niñez ha adquirido primacía en el mundo moderno y contemporáneo. Cabe mencionar los acuerdos y normativas internaciones presentes a favor de la protección de las infancias. A cien años de la Declaración de los Derechos del Niño en Ginebra en 1924, se inscriben los principios de los derechos de protección a las infancias sin excepción por motivos de etnia, color, sexo, idioma, religión, opiniones políticas, posición económica, nacimiento u otra condición, ya sea del propio niño o de su familia, lo cual les otorga protección por la ley y por otros medios para desarrollarse física, mental, moral, espiritual y socialmente. Asimismo, las infancias tienen derecho desde su nacimiento a un nombre y a una nacionalidad.
Aunque México participa de los protocolos de atención a la niñez, se siguen vulnerando los derechos de las infancias. El país avanza lentamente en el respeto y protección a los derechos de infantes: apenas en diciembre de 2014 se implementó la Ley General de los Derechos de Niñas, Niños y Adolescentes, y en octubre de 2015 la Secretaría de Gobernación creó el Sistema Nacional de Protección Integral de Niñas, Niños y Adolescentes. Esta ley constituye un marco jurídico que reconoce a los infantes como titulares de derechos y les garantiza el pleno ejercicio, respeto, protección y promoción de sus derechos humanos.
Este libro colectivo, titulado “Infancias, políticas públicas y derechos humanos”, tiene como objetivo conocer las investigaciones de personas académicas especializadas en problemáticas de niñas, niños y adolescentes, con relación a las condiciones adversas de las que son víctimas, como la violencia sexual, física, psicológica, patrimonial, etc. Asimismo, se comparten metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas, así como técnicas e instrumentos de su proceso de trabajo: logros, pendientes, retos para la reducción de problemas y una exploración hacia un mejor mundo posible para niñas, niños y adolescentes.
Con la finalidad de visibilizar los problemas, así como las posibilidades que cierren las brechas de vulnerabilidad que sufren las infancias, las narrativas de los escritos aquí presentados ofrecen también el potencial de mantener el diálogo para mejorar la incidencia respecto a niñas, niños y adolescentes.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide (Rybelsus) for Weight Reduction in Individuals with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Al Ibrahem Azhar M. , Al Ismail Fatimah M. , M. AlAbd Fatimah , I. Alsubaie Huda , Al Ghazal Zainab A. , A. Alkadi Fatimah , E. AlOmar Fatimah , A. Alahmed Alzahra , Al jasim Budur I. , R. Alkhalifah Aqilah , A. Alsaleem Maryam , M. Albrahim Fatimah , A. Alkhars Fatimah
Published: February 2025

Obesity remains a significant global health issue, increasing the risk of chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers. Despite the importance of lifestyle interventions, many individuals with obesity require pharmacological support for effective weight management. Oral semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has shown promise due to its ease of oral administration. This systematic review, registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, evaluated published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A total of 9 RCTs, published between 2017 and 2020, were selected from an initial pool of 1,089 studies found through PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Cochrane), Web of Science, and the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE). The findings indicate that oral semaglutide significantly reduces body weight, improves glycemic control, enhances satiety, and lowers energy intake compared to placebos and alternative treatments. However, long-term use was associated with a higher incidence of side effects. Overall, oral semaglutide is an effective treatment for obesity, providing significant weight loss and glycemic control. Its convenience as an oral option makes it favorable compared to injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists, though long-term use may warrant monitoring for cost and gastrointestinal side effects.
The Subvastus Approach for Total Knee Arthroplasty in Obese Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Daghistani Mohammed , Alharb Samirah , Almohammadi Taghreed , Sayed Anwar
Published: February 2025

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) represents a pivotal intervention in the management of advanced knee pathologies such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and post-traumatic arthritis. Various surgical approaches, including the subvastus, medial parapatellar, and midvastus techniques have evolved to optimize outcomes. While the subvastus approach offers potential advantages such as preserving the extensor mechanism and promoting early recovery, its applicability in obese patients remains a subject of debate due to challenges in exposure and patellar eversion. This systematic review explores the efficacy of the subvastus approach in obese patients, addressing both early and late outcomes, and discusses strategies to overcome exposure difficulties. A PRISMA systematic search appraisal was conducted. A systematic literature search of six scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Google Scholar, was conducted until April 20, 2024, to identify all relevant English-articles. Data was extracted from eligible studies. The literature search yielded a total of 983 studies. Eleven papers published from 2000 until 2021 met the inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. The total number of patients throughout all the included studies was 1147. The main results showed that the subvastus approach for TKA is applicable in obese patients. To overcome its exposure difficulties, a multifaceted approach including preoperative weight management and advanced imaging could aid in optimizing patient selection and planning; furthermore, intraoperatively meticulous soft tissue handling, pneumatic tourniquets, and advancements like navigation systems could enhance exposure and precision; finally, specialized instruments and implants designed for minimally invasive techniques could improve outcomes. Overcoming exposure difficulties in the subvastus approach for TKA in obese patients demands a multifaceted approach blending preoperative planning, intraoperative techniques, and technological innovations. While challenges such as patellar eversion persist, innovative strategies like the mini-subvastus approach demonstrate efficacy in tackling these issues and ensuring successful outcomes in obese patients undergoing TKA.
External Fixation of a Compound Comminuted Calcaneal Fracture in a Young Diabetic Adult Male: A Case Report
Authors: Elsiddig Ahmed Elsiddig Ali
Published: February 2025

Background: Compound calcaneal fractures, especially Sanders Type 4, are complex injuries caused by high-impact trauma. Diabetes mellitus adds further complications, including impaired wound healing and higher infection risk. Restoring calcaneal alignment while preserving soft tissue is critical. Therefore, external fixation offers a minimally invasive method to stabilize fractures and reduce complications, making it a suitable choice for high-risk patients. Case presentation: A 33-year-old male construction worker with type 2 diabetes mellitus fell from a height of seven meters. He presented with an open Gustilo Type II calcaneal fracture. Examination revealed swelling, ecchymosis, and a widened heel, with intact neurovascular status. Imaging confirmed a comminuted Sanders Type 4 fracture with posterior facet displacement. Emergency management included advanced trauma life support protocol, antibiotics, and wound care. Definitive treatment involved external fixation using ligamentotaxis and osteotaxis principles. Pins were placed under fluoroscopic guidance to restore height, alignment, and subtalar congruity. Postoperative care included strict wound monitoring and a structured rehabilitation plan. Follow-ups showed no infection, malalignment, or delayed healing.
Pengabdian Masyarakat melalui Peran Dewan Juri Lomba Storytelling Spectaseed di Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang
Authors: Dafitri Fela , Bariyyah Khoirul , Sativa Refi Aksep
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengabdikan ilmu pengajaran bahasa Inggris sebagai juri dalam lomba bahasa Inggris tingkat kota. Hasil akhir dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah suatu keputusan dari tim dewan juri atas proses penilaian lomba storytelling tingkat kota di Purwakarta, Karawang dan Bekasi. Lomba ini adalah bagian dari program SPECTASEED 2024 yang diselenggarakan oleh Association of Students of English Education Department, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang. Acara ini berlangsung dari 16 Oktober hingga 17 November 2024, terdiri dari tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan penghargaan. Penilaian didasarkan pada rubrik objektif yang menilai isi cerita, kualitas naskah, performa, kelancaran, dan penggunaan properti. Partisipasi dalam mendongeng meningkatkan keterlibatan, keterampilan komunikasi, dan penguasaan bahasa peserta. Kompetisi ini tidak hanya meningkatkan keterampilan bahasa Inggris meliputi kosakata dan struktur gramatikal tetapi juga meningkatkan kepercayaan diri dan ekspresi kreatif. Ini menciptakan lingkungan inspiratif bagi siswa untuk menunjukkan bakat mereka, mendorong semangat komunitas dan kolaborasi. Inisiatif ini menyoroti pentingnya soft skill dalam pendidikan modern.
Strategi Kepala Sekolah Untuk Membangun Image Sekolah Yang Bermutu
Authors: Melda Bernadeta
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the principal’s strategy in creating a quality school image. The research method uses a qualitative method. Data collection tools use interviews, documentation, observation and literature review. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study state that the principal’s strategy to build a quality state school image focuses on improving the quality of learning, the quality of graduates, the participation of parents, school residents and the community, and improving the quality of school facilities and infrastructure. The leading obstacle in implementing the strategy of building a quality state school image lies in the community’s assessment of the school. For this reason, efforts to improve school quality standards, especially teacher and education personnel competency development activities, must continue to be carried out so that they have an impact on high public trust.
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di Lembaga Pendidikan Era Perkembangan Teknologi
Authors: Agustini Asri
Published: February 2025

The government policy of implementing the independent curriculum as part of the National Education system certainly has great challenges and opportunities in the era of technological development, where knowledge and technology are developing very rapidly, resulting in rapid and competitive changes. Therefore, the implementation of the independent curriculum must be aligned and supported by good resources, the strength of financial institutions, support and guidance from stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the independent curriculum to face technological developments. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection tools use interviews, documentation, and literature reviews. The results of the study stated that 1) The implementation of the independent learning curriculum consists of School Assessment; surprising characters; effective RPP and zoning system; 2) The challenges of implementing the independent curriculum in facing further technological developments to the implementation of learning include the demand for continuous improvement of teacher competence; the need for adequate facilities and infrastructure; and the demand for the independence of educational institutions.
Strategi Manajemen Kepemimpinan dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Kinerja Guru
Authors: Shofiyah Elik
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze how leadership management strategies can improve teacher performance in schools. Effective leadership management involves not only planning and implementation, but also continuous evaluation and follow-up. Using qualitative research methods through observation, interviews, and documentation, this study was conducted in several schools in region X. The results of the study indicate that structured leadership management supported by training and regular evaluation has a significant impact on improving teacher performance. Teachers who are involved in teaching planning and evaluation are able to manage classes better, apply innovative teaching methods, and improve student learning outcomes. In conclusion, effective leadership management is an important factor in supporting teacher performance and improving the overall quality of education.
Pembelajaran Diferensiasi Berbasis Proyek Untuk Pengembangan Keterampilan Menulis Cerita Pendek
Authors: Lasmi Lasmi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to develop and implement a project-based learning (PjBL) model and differentiation in the context of short story writing at the Junior High School level. This learning model is designed to improve students’ writing skills, hone creativity, imagination, and critical and analytical thinking skills. The differentiation approach allows learning to be tailored to students’ individual interests and abilities, ensuring active participation and higher engagement. The research methods used include literature study, classroom observation, and qualitative and quantitative data analysis. The results showed that students involved in this learning model experienced asignificant improvement in the ability to write short stories. Writing projects not only help students understand narrative structure, language use, and literary techniques, but also encourage them to think critically and analytically through a process of revision and evaluation. In addition, the differentiation approach has proven effective in accommodating different student learning styles, so that each student can achieve optimal learning outcomes. Thus, this model has the potential to be applied more broadly in the educational curriculum to produce a creative, critical, and independent generation.
Kurikulum Merdeka: Harapan Baru Bagi Pendidikan Indonesia
Authors: Hasdawaty Ervinna
Published: February 2025

The Independent Curriculum is here as a response to the demands of educational transformation in the contemporary era. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Independent Curriculum as an effort to renew the national education system. Using a qualitative research method with a literature study approach, this study examines various aspects of the implementation of the independent curriculum. The results of the study show significant transformations in several aspects: (1) a shift in the learning paradigm that increases student engagement by 76%, (2) an increase in problem-solving skills through project-based learning by 45%, (3) adoption of learning technology reaches 78.5%, (4) an increase in parental involvement by 65%, and (5) teacher competency development shows an increase of 67%. The main challenges include the digital divide, teacher readiness, and equal access. Recommendations include strengthening technological infrastructure, ongoing professional development, and a support system for educational tri-center collaboration.
Systematic Literature Review Filsafat Pendidikan Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Siswa
Authors: Junaharesdi Aldo
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the importance of philosophical foundations in education, especially in the context of student character building. Through a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review (SLR) method, this research explores various schools of educational philosophy, focusing on realism and idealism. It is emphasized that education cannot be viewed holistically without a deep philosophical understanding. Pancasila as the national philosophy of education is the main reference in the implementation of education in Indonesia. The article also highlights the challenges of implementing idealism in educational curricula and practices and the need for further research to understand the effectiveness of this approach in various cultural contexts. The emphasis on universal values and absolute truth in idealism education is expected to strengthen students’ character.
Logika dan Rasionalitas dalam Ilmu serta Implikasinya dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Sebagai Pemimpin: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Aninda Lovi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of logic and rationality in science that can influence a leader in making decisions. Rationality is often the basis for humans in thinking and will affect human actions based on their reasoning and logic so that it does not rule out the possibility that a statement will be considered true if it is in accordance with their logic. Through this literature analysis, I reviewed fifteen journals to add insight into the existence of logic and rationality in science and how its implications for one's leadership. The results of this study show that Rationality has an important role that can be used as a benchmark of knowledge itself and logic has four principles such as analogy, syllogism, inductive and deductive that can be used as a reference for researchers in developing new knowledge. I hope the role and influence of logic and rationality in science both in economics, law, sociology and other sciences is expected to add benefits to all elements.
Systematic Literature Review Filsafat Terhadap Ilmu Pengetahuan
Authors: Sucheri Dian
Published: February 2025

This article reviews the criticism of science in the context of the philosophy of idealism and its impact on student character building. Through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this research explores the contributions of prominent thinkers such as Karl R. Popper and Thomas Kuhn, who emphasized the importance of criticism in the development of scientific theories. SLR enables the identification and synthesis of relevant research, providing a comprehensive overview of the development of critique in the philosophy of science. The research shows that critique serves as an evaluative mechanism that encourages innovation and adaptation of science to new realities. The article also identifies gaps in existing research and recommends new directions for future studies, hoping to strengthen understanding of the role of critique in science as well as its application in student character education. Thus, the results of this study are expected to make a significant contribution to the development of educational theory and practice.
Aksiologi Ilmu dalam Konteks Ilmu Pengetahuan: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Lezi Kusma
Published: February 2025

Axiology of science is a branch of philosophy of science that is very important in the development of science because branches of science that do not have axiological value can bring harm to humans. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between scientific axiology and science. This research uses the systematic literature review (SLR) method by searching for journals that are relevant to the research objectives. In this research there are 15 journals that are relevant to the research questions and objectives. The research results show that axiology provides a solid foundation for developing knowledge related to moral and ethical aspects. Axiology has a huge influence on someone to apply the knowledge they have without harming others, to behave morally, to aestheticize science.
Epistemologi Ilmu: Landasan Filsafat dalam Pengembangan Pengetahuan
Authors: Suryati Heti
Published: February 2025

Philosophy of science plays an important role in building foundation for the development of science. In the context of education, epistemology, ontology, and axiology serve as key elements that form the framework for thinking in compiling and developing knowledge. that form the framework for thinking in compiling and developing science knowledge. This research aims to examine the relationship between the epistemological aspects of epistemology in the philosophy of science with the development of science, as well as how the application of the philosophy of science can enrich understanding in the development of science. how the application of philosophy of science can enrich understanding in various disciplines. scientific disciplines. The approach used in this research is a literature study by analyzing literature by analyzing literature related to the philosophy of science and key concepts such as ontology, epistemology, and epistemology. concepts such as ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The result of this research shows that a deeper understanding of these three aspects can strengthen the basis of scientific theories and broaden the scope of scientific disciplines. can strengthen the basis of scientific theories and broaden the scope of understanding of science, both in the field of education and in a broader social context. wider social context. Therefore, the proper application of the philosophy of science is expected to create a more holistic and evolving can create a science ecosystem that is more holistic and develops in accordance with the demands of the times. in accordance with the demands of the times.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Media Kotak Sifat Cahaya di Kelas V SDN 09 Palembang
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana
Published: February 2025

The importance of conceptual understanding in science learning on the material of light properties must be further improved because the value of students' conceptual understanding is not only limited to knowing but students are also able to re-explain the material that has been taught in their own language and can apply it in everyday life. Therefore, this study aims to improve the learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SD 09 Palembang on the material of light properties by using light properties box learning media. The method used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is carried out in two cycles. The research was conducted at SD Negeri 09 Palembang on July 29, 2024 to August 5, 2024 with the research subjects being 28 fifth grade students of SDN 09 Palembang. Data was collected through observation and tests. Observations were carried out to determine student activities during learning, while tests were carried out to determine student learning outcomes after learning. Based on the results of the study, information was obtained that there was an increase in student learning outcomes who obtained high scores from Cycle 0 as much as 10.71% to cycle 1 as much as 39.28% and cycle 2. The pretest results showed that 71.42% of students had low understanding between 45 and 72. The results of the study also showed an increase in student activity during learning. Although the results of the study showed success, some students still needed additional support to understand more complex concepts. This study suggests the application of more diverse learning media and adaptation of teaching methods to meet the needs of individual students. The use of interactive and experiment-based media allows students to see and experience light phenomena directly, which reinforces the concepts being taught. This study suggests the application of more diverse learning media and adaptation of teaching methods to meet the needs of individual students
Cabang-Cabang Filsafat dan Aliran-Aliran Filsafat: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Abrori Rifki
Published: February 2025

This study aims to identify and analyze the main schools and branches of philosophy and explain how each contributes to the development of human thought. The research employs a systematic literature review method using databases obtained from Google Scholar. Researchers applied criteria to collect journal article data, including article types, journals published within the last three years, and keywords such as schools of philosophy, branches of philosophy, and philosophy. The results show that a total of fifteen research articles discussed schools and branches of philosophy. This study aims to enhance our understanding of various branches and schools of philosophy and how they help shape the framework of thought and decision-making processes in various aspects of life. This research highlights that the main branches of philosophy, including ontology, epistemology, ethics, logic, axiology, philosophy of education, and philosophy of science, each focus on essential aspects of understanding the world and human life. Various schools of philosophy, including materialism, realism, idealism, empiricism, rationalism, existentialism, and others, offer different perspectives on the world and the knowledge of it as we understand today.
Systematic Literature Review: Filsafat dalam Aksiologi Ilmu
Authors: Manullang Santi Meilan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to systematically examine literature related to philosophy in the axiology of science, namely the branch of philosophy that discusses the value, benefits and impact of science on human life and society. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this study identifies, analyzes and synthesizes scientific articles, books and other relevant academic sources. The focus of the study includes: (1) the relationship between the axiology of science and ethics and morality, (2) the social and cultural implications of the application of science, and (3) the role of axiology in determining the responsibilities of scientists. The research results show that the axiology of science is a critical framework in guiding the responsible use of science for the benefit of humanity. In addition, the importance of axiological reflection in scientific practice helps prevent potentially harmful misuse of science. This research contributes to the development of a more holistic philosophical perspective regarding science as part of meaningful human life.
Platform Merdeka Mengajar: Tantangan dan Hambatan Guru di SMA IT Izzatuna
Authors: Alfionita Ochi , Apriani Esi , Reta Nita Elva
Published: February 2025

The Merdeka Mengajar Platform is an innovation by the Ministry of Education and Culture aimed at assisting teachers in teaching according to students' abilities, providing training to enhance competence, and creating work to inspire colleagues. This research aims to analyze the challenges and obstacles faced by teachers at SMA IT Izzatuna in using the Merdeka Mengajar Platform. This platform is part of the Merdeka Belajar policy, which is expected to help teachers improve the quality of teaching and access to educational resources. However, in its implementation, several challenges arise, including limited technological facilities, lack of training, and varying levels of digital literacy among teachers. This research employs a qualitative method with in-depth interviews as the data collection technique, involving teachers at SMA IT Izzatuna as the main respondents. The results indicate that while the Merdeka Mengajar Platform offers benefits in terms of flexibility and accessibility of learning materials, technical obstacles and the lack of training support are significant barriers. Therefore, further efforts are needed from both schools and the government to overcome these challenges so that the platform can be used optimally.
Preliminary Phytochemistry and HPTLC Fingerprint profile of leaf extract of Latakaranj: A Pharmaceutically significant plant
Authors: Trivedi Kashyap , Patel Vasu , Parekh Aayush , Patel Mansi , Tandel Jinal , Kachhiya Heta
Published: February 2025

The prickly shrub Caesalpinia bonducella, also referred to as Latakaranj, is a plant part of the Caesalpiniaceae family and is used worldwide to treat a variety of conditions, including hypotensive, antihypertensive, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. The current study focuses on the fingerprinting profile of C. bonduc leaves using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and phytochemical screening. To identify different chemical elements such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannin and phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, fixed oil, steroid and terpenoids, proteins, amino acids, etc., a comparative phytochemical screening was conducted after hydro-methanolic extract was obtained. The mobile phase used for the HPTLC fingerprinting was n-hexane: Ethyl acetate (6:4% v/v). Several peaks with Rf values between 0.15 and 0.86 were found.
A Short Review on Effective Extraction Procedures for Herbal Drugs
Authors: Patil Raj M. , Shaikh Azam Z. , Patil Divakar R. , Jain Akash S. , Shaikh Sameer R. , Pawar S. P.
Published: February 2025

Pharmaceutical extraction involves separating medicinally active components from plant or animal tissues using selective solvents and standardized procedures. The resulting products are typically impure liquids, semisolids, or powders intended for oral or external use. Traditional medicine, relying heavily on medicinal plants, is predominant in many developing countries, with 80% of the global population depending on herbal remedies. The extraction process of herbal drugs focuses on isolating bioactive compounds from various plant parts using different techniques and solvents to create concentrated therapeutic extracts for medicinal use. Key steps include plant selection and processing, extraction methods, solvent selection, optimization of conditions, post-extraction processing, and quality control. Herbal medicines are often used as alternatives to conventional treatments due to their efficacy and reduced side effects. The secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and tannins, contribute significantly to their biological and pharmacological properties.
A Review of the Formulation of Herbal Shampoo to Compare with Allopathic Shampoo
Authors: Metangale Sarita K , Bhandurge Om N , Mhaske Shivshankar D , Deshmukh Nandkishor B , Chopde Vaibhav
Published: February 2025

Ayurvedic herbal formulations are always considered as centre of magnetism in high-speed growing society A shampoo is a preparation of a surfactant (surface- active materials) in suitable form liquid, solid, or powder which when used under the conditions specified will remove surface grease, dirt and skin debris from the hair shaft and scalp without affecting adversely the hair, scalp, or health of the user and also Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin particles, dandruff, environmental pollutants and other contaminant particles that gradually build up in hair. The herbal shampoo contains amla, reetha, shikakai, nagarmotha, bhringaraj, brahmi, aloevera, lemon juice and some Ingredients. Today’s market filled with a chemical shampoo prepared with several chemicals sodium lauryl sulphat Cocamidopropyl betaine Formaldehyde Diethanolamine and other ingredients which can cure many allergic reactions red skin scaly patches Sun sensitivity Hair loss hair problem but also responsible for damage of hair.
Anti-Anxiety Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ficus religiosa Leaves in Experimental Animals
Authors: Bhat Ramdas , P. S. Suchethana , Saldanha Vinishia , S. K. Yuktha , Patel Neema Bhallaram , Shabaraya A. R.
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective: Anxiety, a complex psychological and physiological state, negatively impacts various aspects of life. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-anxiety effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Ficus religiosa leaves in experimental animals. Methodology: The anxiolytic effects were investigated in mice using the elevated plus-maze and light-dark models. Two oral doses of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg were administered, with diazepam (1mg/kg i.p.) as the standard. Parameters measured included total time and entries in open/closed arms and light/dark chambers. Results: Animals treated with the hydroalcoholic extract at 200 mg/kg exhibited a significant increase in time and entries in the open arms of the elevated plus-maze. Additionally, there was an increase in time spent on the illuminated side of the light–dark test compared to control animals. Conclusion: The study demonstrated significant anxiolytic activity in Swiss albino mice treated with the hydroalcoholic extract of Ficus religiosa leaves. The exact mechanism remains unclear, suggesting a potential association with specific compounds in the leaves. Further research is required to identify and assess the active chemical constituents responsible for this anxiolytic activity.
In Vitro and In Vivo Evalution of Anti-Asthmatic Activity of Leaves of Sida veronicafolia (Lam)
Authors: Kamble Surdesh D. , Purane Laxmikant M. , Devade Omkar , Redasani V.K.
Published: February 2025

The current study designed to investigate the Anti-asthmatic activity of leaves Sida veronicafolia (Lam). Chronic inflammation of the airways is known as asthma. The need to look for new and better treatment options has been sparked by the limitations of the already existing medication and its related negative effects. The Sida veronicafolia (Lam) has been used traditionally as antioxidant, diuretic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, oxytocic however, there are no reports about the control of asthma. So, the Sida veronicafolia (Lam) was selected for the to provide evidence for its conventional claim. For asthma, the screening methods like isolated goat tracheal chain preparation (in vitro) and clonidine induced Catalepsy in mice (in vivo) was used. The ethanolic extract of Sida veronicafolia was used. In goat trachea the Histamine at 100µg/ml as reference drug and Sida veronicafolia at concentration 250, 500µg/ml used. For the goat trachea, student organ bath assembaly used for contractile response. At 500µg/ml concentration shows the decrease in contractile response of goat trachea compare to histamine and 250µg/ml of Sida veronocafolia. In Catalepsy of mice chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM), (10mg/kg intra peritoneally) Standard drug used and Sida veronicafolia at concentration100, 200, 400mg/kg orally) used. In this method EESV shows significant inhibited effect as compared to control group. The catalepsy in mice by clonidine induced was found significantly inhibited at 48.33±0.17s at 150 min and 37.47±0.18s, 36.55±0.15s respectively at 120 min after the administration clonidine respectively of Sida veronicafolia concentration.106.78±0.24s, 12.04±1.04s duration of catalepsy of control group and standard group respectively. By the obtained of results it can be concluded that the Sida veronicafolia shows significant antiasthmatic activity.
Comparative Study of Antibacterial activity of neem leaf extract against standard benzyl penicillin by using In vitro cup plate method
Authors: Shaikh Junaid S , Tadvi Sunil Jabra , Barhate Shashikant D
Published: February 2025

This research article is based on the antibacterial activity of neem. We compared the antibacterial activity of a standard antibiotic with our neem alcoholic extract using the cup-plate method. For this study, we utilized non-pathogenic bacteria, specifically Lactobacillus grown in MRS agar media prepared with tomato juice and meat extract. This bacterial culture was employed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of neem leaf extract. The entire study was conducted in a college laboratory to understand the concepts of microbial assay and the format of research paper writing. The benefit of using neem extract lies in its easy availability and low cost. However, neem is not used commercially due to its bitter taste and the challenging extraction process.
Pharmacological Evaluation of Tricholepis glaberrima for Antidiabetic potential in animal model
Authors: Chavan Kaivalya R. , Mohale Deepak S. , Chandewar A.V.
Published: February 2025

Tricholepis glaberrima commonly known as Potato weed widely used in traditional system of medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus In the present study, Methanol extract of Tricholepis glaberrima (METG) leaves were subjected to phytochemical investigation and evaluated for antidiabetic activity in STZ induced diabetic rats. METG (100, 200mg/kg) and Glibenclamide (5mg/kg) were administered orally in STZ (60mg/kg, i.p.) induced diabetic rats. In acute oral toxicity (OECD Guide line 423) study, administration of METG no mortality upto 1000mg/kg was observed. OGTT, fasting blood glucose level, body weight, plasma insulin, were evaluated in normal and diabetic rats. preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins as the major constituents in the methanol extract of Tricholepis glaberrima. These results suggest that METG (200mg/kg) showed antihyperglycemic activity in STZ induced diabetic rats.
A Review on Varicose Vein
Authors: Patil Aishwarya M. , Pawar Abhijeet B. , Devade Omkar A. , Purane Laxmikant M. , Redasani Vivekkumar V.
Published: February 2025

This article's goal was to cover the various varicose vein disease treatments and preventative strategies. Varicose veins are a common vascular condition known for causing discomfort. A weakening of the venous valves and walls is a common cause of varicose veins. Varicose veins are twisted, swollen veins that are typically located in the lower limbs. They damage blood vessels, causing excruciating swelling and blood clots that impair a person's ability, productivity, and quality of life. Their prevalence increases with age. Obesity and extended standing are the main causes of varicose vein disease. This overview explains varicose vein processes, prevention, risk factors, consequences, and therapy. Generally varicose vein is found in females especially in case of pregnancy. Varicose veins generally found in lower extremity, leg and the epididymis. Varicose vein disease can be prevented by doing regular yoga/exercise and consumption of several fruits and vegetables such as Grapes, blackberries, avocados, ginger, and rosemary. Patients with varicose veins should take an antioxidant medicament from the flavonoid groups to reduce the arterial blood pressure value, risk of atherosclerosis development, prevent thrombotic incidents. This review gives the information about the different ayurvedic treatments for varicose veins. As a result, the current review critically assesses the possible utility of herbal medications in the treatment of varicose veins.
A Review on MERS-CoV, The Coronavirus Linked to Middle Eastern Respiratory illness
Authors: Dhadwal Avantika , Rana Ankita , Sharma Sakshi , Bhardwaj Gaurav
Published: February 2025

Middle Eastern respiratory syndromes (MERS-CoV) are a novel coronavirus discovered in Saudi Arabia in 2012, with several outbreaks connected to the Arabian Peninsula. The virus has a high fatality rate and no effective antiviral medication or vaccination. It is known to spread mainly among bats and mammals, with close contact being the most likely way to spread the disease. MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 are all initially transmitted via mammals to humans. Medications like Lopinavir and ritonavir are used to treat COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. Lopinavir inhibits the HIV-1 protease enzyme, promoting the formation of immature virus particles. Acyclovir is used to treat acute herpetic keratitis, varicella zoster, viral labialis, and herpes labialis, while Ribavirin is used to treat hemorrhagic fever caused by viruses and hepatitis C. Chloroquine, a synthetic guanosine nucleoside, was removed from FDA authorization for emergency therapy for COVID-19 in June 2020. It inhibits heme to hemozoin transformation in malarial trophozoites, destroying the parasite when harmful heme levels in Plasmodium species grow. Chloroquine is used to avoid and cure malaria, treats extra intestinal amebiasis, and in some hospitalized individuals for COVID-19 coronavirus treatment. To ensure safety, visitors should wash their hands before and after touching animals and avoid handling dromedary camels, consuming uncooked meat, or consuming camel milk or urine.
An Overview on Anticancer Drug extracted from Marine Sources
Authors: Zanjurne Nutan R. , Devade Omkar A. , Purane Laxmikant M. , Redasani Vivek K.
Published: February 2025

Due of its high death rate, cancer continues to be one of the biggest hazards to human health globally. Globally, it is estimated that there are 19.3 million new instances of cancer and approximately 10 million cancer-related deaths annually, the most prevalent malignancies diagnosed globally are lung and breast cancer, which also account for the majority of cancer-related deaths in men and women, respectively. Numerous cancer therapies are available, including hormone therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and bone marrow transplantation. All of these medicines are important in the treatment of cancer. Many malignancies are incurable and cannot be effectively treated with the medications that are currently on the market. The marine ecosystem has very lately come into existence alongside terrestrial resources. Drugs originating from marine sources fall into a wide variety of chemical types, such as hydroxyphenylactic acid derivatives, cyclodepsipeptides, polyketides, terpenes, and alkaloids. These substance able to stop the growth of human tumor cells through both in vitro and in vivo cancer cell pathways. The aquatic environment is a plentiful supply of anticancer medications. Marine chemicals have a wide range of qualities, including antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. An overview of the progress made in developing marine-derived chemicals for cancer treatment is given in this paper, along with potential future directions. We also mentioned about medications that are undergoing various stages of clinical trials as well as commercially available, potentially anticancer substances derived from marine sources.