bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of magnetic fields in electric vehicles
Authors: Kravtsov Mykhailo Mykolaiovych , Bazhynov Oleksii , Ohar Valeriy , Vasilieva Elena , Kekerchen Mykola
Published: May 2024

This article presents the results of measuring the value and spectrum of magnetic field induction in the interior of a car, electric vehicle, hybrid car, and electric bicycle while driving in a real road environment. Problem. Electric vehicles combine high current levels, short distances between electrical equipment and passengers, and long exposure times. Objective. For the measurements, a structural and schematic diagram for measuring the parameters of alternating magnetic fields (frequency spectrum and inductions) of vehicles was developed based on the use of an electric and magnetic field analyzer type EHP-50 from Narda. A video camera recorded the speed of the vehicle – speedometer readings. Methodology. The data of frequency, magnetic induction level and speed were displayed on the laptop display in the form of a spectrum in the frequency range of 1...100 Hz and were saved automatically as a file during the measurements. Results. The results of the measurements showed that the average values of magnetic induction levels in electric vehicles (0.9 μT) are higher than in hybrid vehicles (0.7 μT) and vehicles with an internal combustion engine (0.4 μT). Originality. A statistical analysis of the observations was performed and histograms were plotted, which show a distribution law of inductions close to normal. The correlation coefficients between the speed and induction show that these values are statistically independent. The induction values increase when the car is accelerating or braking. The magnetic induction in the interior of the electric vehicle in the passenger seat to the right of the driver was also measured while the electric vehicle was charging from the charging station and compared to the induction in the electric vehicle while driving (0.85 µT). Magnetic induction vibration spectra have many harmonics. The average frequencies of the first harmonics of the vibration spectrum of a car are 2.6 Hz, an electric car 4.3 Hz, and a hybrid car 7.3 Hz. For comparison, measurements of induction in the subway and trolleybus were also carried out, which showed significantly lower levels of magnetic induction (about 0.1 μT at 50 Hz). When riding an electric bicycle, the induction reaches 0.5 μT at a frequency of about 1 Hz. Practical value: The measurement results have shown that the values of magnetic induction and their frequency in electric vehicles are close to the values that occur during magnetic storms affecting people with cardiovascular problems and can be used to further assess the impact of electromagnetic fields in vehicles on human health.
Studying the influence of additives of cationic latex and basalt fiber on the calculated characteristics of stone-sand mixtures made of iron tailings reinforced with cement
Authors: Jian Sun , Zhdanuk Valerii
Published: May 2024

Problem. As a major industrial solid waste, iron tailings not only occupy a lot of agricultural land, but also pollute the environment. It is necessary to study the effect of adding different concentrations of aqueous cationic latex and different lengths of basalt fibers to the composition of crushed stone-sand mixtures of iron tailings and cement on the parameters of flexural ultimate tensile strength and the characteristics of the modulus of elasticity calculation. Goal. The effect of additives of aqueous cationic latexes of different concentrations and basalt fiber of different lengths in the composition of crushed stone-sand mixtures of iron tailings with cement on the flexural tensile strength and the elastic modulus as design characteristics was investigated. Methodology. The first stage of the study was to determine the effect of the content of two cationic latexes on the values of the tensile strength in flexion and the elastic modulus of the material from CSM-40 made of iron tailings reinforced with cement. The content of Butonal NS 198 and Butonal 5126 latexes in the composition of CSM-40 was 0, 3, 5, and 10 % by weight of the optimal amount of water at the maximum density of the mixture with cement. At the second stage, the influence of the length of basalt fibers at their content of 0.05 % by weight of the crushed stone and sand mixture on the values of the flexural tensile strength and the elastic modulus of the material from the cement-reinforced iron tailings CSM-40 was studied. It has been established that the addition of cationic latexes of the Butonal series to the composition of crushed stone-sand mixtures of iron tailings with cement causes a moderate increase in the values of the flexural tensile strength and the elastic modulus, compared to the material without the addition of latexes. Experimentally, a more significant increase in the values of the flexural tensile strength and elastic modulus of fiber-reinforced materials made of crushed stone-sand mixtures of iron tailings with cement was found compared to materials modified with cationic latexes. Conclusions:1.When the latex content is 5% (equivalent to the critical concentration of micelle formation in aqueous solution), the flexural tensile strength can be increased by a maximum of 14-15%. Under similar conditions, the elastic modulus value increases by 12-18%. 2.The addition of 0.05% (by weight) basalt fiber to the crushed stone and sand mixture of rust-colored quartzite reinforced with cement improves the bending strength and elastic modulus values compared to the non-fiber material. The largest increases in flexural tensile strength (18.5%) and elastic modulus (27.1%) are for materials with basalt fiber lengths of 18 mm.
Approaches to technical and economic substantia-tion of new bridge construction
Authors: Davydenko Oleksandr , Harkusha Mykola , Kozarchuk Ihor , Harkusha Inna
Published: May 2024

Problem. Today, the initial project of the bridge may not meet the existing conditions of operation of the structure due to socio-economic and socio-technical developments, which will require the need to increase the level of maintenance of the bridge. Goal. The goal is technical and economic substantiation of the new construction of a bridge across the Chornoguzka River, Golyshiv - Korshovets, in the Lutsk district, Volyn region. Methodology. Calculation of classes of consequences was carried out, engineering and geological surveys were performed. Results. Technical solutions have been developed on the basis of the conducted research. Originality. The work offers both traditional approaches to solving the given problem using modern reinforced concrete structures and the use of progressive technologies using metal corrugated structures. Practical value. The work considers the most rational solutions of the given task with the analysis of the positive and negative sides of the selected ones, which makes it possible to analyze the most appropriate solution.
Abdul Muluk Improvisation Techniques in the Warung Kajang Lako Program on TVRI Jambi
Authors: Irianto Ikhsan Satria , Gunawan Indra , Handayani Lusi , Gustyawan Tofan
Published: May 2024

One of the characteristics of traditional Indonesian theater, including Abdul Muluk Jambi, is that the performances rely on the improvisational abilities of the actors. Therefore, improvisation techniques are an essential element in traditional Indonesian theater acting, especially the Abdul Muluk Jambi theater. One of the theater groups that is intense in developing improvisation techniques based on Abdul Muluk's improvisations is Sanggar Pancarona Jambi. This research was conducted to find patterns of improvisational acting techniques in the Abdul Muluk performance by Sanggar Pancarona Jambi. The material object of this research is the performance of Abdul Muluk by Sanggar Pancarona which was broadcast on TVRI Jambi in the Warung Kajang Lako program. This event featured Abdul Muluk's appearance with a shortened duration. The selection of this object was based on the characteristics of the Abdul Muluk performance by Sanggar Pancarona which prioritizes the power of actor improvisation. To find patterns in Abdul Muluk's improvisation techniques, the research method used was a qualitative method with stages, observation, interviews and data analysis. The results achieved from this research are that Sanggar Pancarona Jambi uses improvisation techniques adopted from the Abdul Muluk Jambi theater. Abdul Muluk's improvisation technique which was applied at the Warung Kajang Lako TVRI Jambi event consisted of: Improvisation Rules, Building Agreement, Creating and Saying Topics, Creating Collective Imagination, Division of Tasks, Setting Timings, Starting from Introductions and Interacting with the Audience. The supporting element for Abdul Muluk's improvisation is music that is improvised in response to the actor's improvisation.
A Language of Children with Disabilities in Digital Pattern Design
Authors: Dede Ananta K Perangin-angin  , Martien Roos Nagara
Published: May 2024

Visual Language of Children with Special Needs in Digital Motif Design. This article aims to understand the designs made by children with special needs in the form of digital motifs done on adobe photoshop softweat. Data collection is done through direct observation, literature study and practice. This problem is analyzed using qualitative methods with a design thinking approach whichincludes empathize which is the initial stage carried out personally to children with special needs to get the right action, define the selection of tools or software that can help realize visual works in the form of digital design, ideate the stage of producing ideas in theform of moodboards which are set as a reference for realizing digital motif designs, prototype the initial design of digital motifs that stilllook static and can be used as the main sample of the creative process so that it can measure the suitability of the designed designconcept, and test is the final stage of testing carried out as a process of understanding from children with special needs using Adobe Photoshop softwear so as to produce digital motifs that look dynamic and in accordance with the designed concept. The result of this research is the visualization of digital motifs that have character and characteristics through hand strokes and sense or art owned bychildren with special needs and add to the diversity of design work, especially in the field of fashion in making digital motifs as an effort to raise the value of art and creativity created by children with special needs.
Death Anxiety and Psychopathology
Authors: Mazidi  , Zarei Majdi , Bouyaghchi Ziba Ahmadi , Ranjbar Seyran , Menzies Rachel E
Published: May 2024

Research across various psychology disciplines underscores death anxiety as a significant construct. Numerous tools assess death anxiety, but many have questionable psychometric properties. To address these shortcomings, the Death Anxiety Beliefs and Behaviours Scale (DABBS) was developed, which also assesses death-related maladaptive beliefs and behaviours that could be foundational to fears associated with death. We developed a Persian version of the DABBS, and examined its psychometric properties among Iranian adolescents (n = 598, Mage = 14.80, range = 12-18 years old). Confirmatory factor analyses supported the intended three-factor structure that distinguishes between death-related affect, beliefs, and behaviours. Furthermore, the DABBS demonstrated good internal consistency, as well as expected associations with other measures of death anxiety and psychopathology measures. Notably, one subscale (i.e., Behaviours) unexpectedly did not relate to theoretically-relevant constructs. Our findings indicate that the DABBS has strong psychometric properties among adolescents and can be used with this population.
Mapping Sociology of Mental Health and Illness Articles in American Sociological Review
Authors: Mikhaylova Oxana
Published: May 2024

Using two samples of research articles published between 1936 and 2024, I map the topic structure of the sociology of mental health and illness in the American Sociological Review (ASR) journal. One sample has 116 articles on the sociology of mental health and illnesses, and the other contains 13,645 papers published across all topics since the journal’s founding. To achieve this, I used word co-occurrence networks with several other Bibliometrix package modules to investigate four study questions: 1. What percentage of articles included in ASR are from the sociology of mental health and illness, and has this percentage evolved over time? 2. Out of all journal articles, how often is this kind of research cited? 3. What fields of research does the sociology of mental health and illness cover now? 4. How has the scientific discourse on the sociology of mental health and illness changed over time? The results of this study show that, despite making up a tiny percentage of publications, the share of journal articles on mental health and illness in ASR began to increase yearly in 1999. Additionally, the sociology of mental health and illness publications frequently receive more citations than conventional journal articles. In conclusion, until 2015, articles on social ties had a significant impact on the corpus of papers on the sociology of mental health and illness in the journal; articles on families, however, were cited almost continuously over time, and starting in 2016, articles on race began to have an impact.
Political interest, political ideology, and attitudes toward immigration.
Authors: Hannuksela Venla , Söderlund Peter , Miklikowska Marta
Published: May 2024

Although much research has been devoted to how political interest is related to different political outcomes, little is known about its influence on attitudes toward immigration. In line with deliberative theory, political interest should facilitate greater exposure to various perspectives via political discussions and other forms of political engagement that, in turn, should contribute to more positive attitude toward those with differing views or backgrounds. Using data from the European Social Survey, including 39 countries across ten survey rounds 2002–2021, this study shows that political interest is positively related to immigrant acceptance. However, there is moderation effect of conservative values. Being politically interested is associated with a higher probability of holding pro-immigrant attitudes amongweak conservatives, while there is no significant association among strong conservatives. This finding can be explained by the motivated cognition theory, which states that individuals tend to seek out and pay more attention to information that supports their strong pre-existing ideologies. For individuals with ideologies that predispose them to adopt very negative attitudes toward immigration (strong conservatives), being politically interested might entail a greater exposure and attention to ideology-congruent perspectives and, as a result, confirmation of initial predispositions.
Children’s Literature on Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Content Analysis
Authors: Crane Margaret Ellen , Ney Julia S. , Holland Katherine E. , Rabner Jonathan , Meyer Marisa , Leon Anthony J. , Farina Abigail M. , Brown Madison R. , Kendall Philip C.
Published: May 2024

Objective: Children’s literature can teach life lessons and effective coping strategies, and can be a way to disseminate evidence-based practices (EBPs) for mental health as a universal prevention strategy. We conducted a content analysis on the presence of EBPs for youth anxiety in children’s literature picture books about anxiety. Method: Analytic plan was preregistered on OSF. 1640 books were screened, and 191 books were coded for eight EBPs for youth anxiety: psychoeducation, labeling body sensations, relaxation, identifying/challenging anxious thoughts, problem solving, contingency management (e.g., rewards and praise), approaching-anxiety provoking situations (i.e., exposure), and post-approach processing.Results: Characters in the books modeled an average of 2.39 EBPs (SD = 1.76). The most frequently modeled EBPs were identifying/challenging anxious thoughts (60% of books), approaching-anxiety provoking situations (46%), and labeling body sensations (42%). The least commonly modeled EBP was contingency management (7%). Books written by licensed therapists were more likely to demonstrate post-approach processing. Books with self-help information at the end were more likely to model post-approach processing and relaxation skills. Books written for youth age 9-12 years modeled more EBPs than books written for youth age 8 years and younger.Conclusions: Children’s books on youth anxiety model relatively few EBPs. Although approaching anxiety-provoking situations was one of the most used EBPs, 54% of books with an anxious character do not model having that character face their fears–a key strategy for youth anxiety. Additionally, few books demonstrate use of rewards and praise by caregivers, who often read stories with their children. Clinicians, caregivers, and librarians are encouraged to purchase books written by therapists or with self-help information in the back, given that these books are more likely to model EBPs.
The role of sleep health and cognitive control in the occurrence of hallucinatory experiences
Authors: Punton Georgia , Smailes David , McCarty Kris , Ellis Jason G. , Moseley Peter
Published: May 2024

Poor sleep appears to play a causal role in the development of hallucinatory experiences in clinical and non-clinical populations. It has been suggested that cognitive control processes might mediate this relationship. This investigation explored the association between hallucinatory experiences, sleep health, and cognitive control within the general population. Two online studies using self-report measures and cognitive tasks were conducted to identify cognitive correlates of sleep health and hallucinatory experiences (N = 211), and investigate whether cognitive control mediated the relationship between sleep health and hallucinatory experiences (N = 216). Both studies found that sleep health and thought control ability, but not intentional inhibition or working memory, predicted hallucinatory experiences. Further analysis demonstrated that thought control partially mediated the relationship between sleep health and hallucinatory experiences. Future directions and clinical implications are discussed. Preregistrations, materials, data, and code are available at doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/XYU5D.
Ultra-liberal attitude reports and inference patterns. Results of a survey experiment
Authors: Zyglewicz Tomasz
Published: May 2024

Ann believes every vegan should take a B12 supplement. Bob says to his vegan friend Carol, whom Ann has never heard of or met in any way: “Ann believes you should take a B12 supplement.” What's striking about Bob's utterance is that it sounds like a natural thing to say in context, even though it does not accurately capture Ann's state of mind (after all, Carol doesn't even know Carol exists). Indeed, Bob's utterance seems to be based on an inference that takes both his and Carol's beliefs as premises. Let's call such belief reports "revisionist." The present study investigates whether the inference pattern influences involved in revision influences ordinary English speakers' truth-value judgments about revisionist belief reports.
Reducing mind wandering using continuous theta burst stimulation
Authors: Drevland Ragnhild Nicolaisen , Aasen Steffen Rygg , Csifcsák Gábor , Mittner Matthias
Published: May 2024

Mind wandering (MW) involves an attentional drift away from an external task to internal thoughts and goals. In the last decade, a substantial number of studies have investigated the possibility of influencing MW using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). However, the accumulated evidence suggests that tDCS may not be sufficiently strong to reliably affect MW propensity. Therefore, we applied repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with an inhibitory continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) protocol targeting the left angular gyrus (AG) to interfere with MW propensity in healthy adults. Since the AG is a core region of the default-mode network (DMN), which is believed to play a major role in the initiation and maintenance of MW episodes, we hypothesized that cTBS would reduce MW during a demanding cognitive task. In a triple-blind, crossover design, participants performed four blocks of the finger-tapping random-sequence generation task (FT-RSGT) with three interleaved bouts of real or sham cTBS. We found that real cTBS reduced both self-reported MW propensity and behavioural variability, an objective marker of MW, while maintaining comparable levels of executive task performance. These results indicate that cTBS targeting the DMN may be an effective protocol to reduce MW, which may have important implications for basic and applied research.
The state-of-the-art of research on science research careers
Authors: Cañibano Carolina , Woolley Richard , Iversen Eric J. , Corona-Sobrino Carmen
Published: May 2024

This handbook chapter summarises research on research careers from a meta-research perspective.
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy: An unusual case report from a tertiary care hospital of the Eastern part of India
Authors: Mahapatra Soumyadeep , Maiti Anindita
Published: May 2024

Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) is a rare dermatitis of unknown etiology first diagnosed in 1979. It occurs most commonly in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Postpartum presentation is extremely rare. Treatment modalities mostly involve the relief of symptoms. We are going to report here one case of a 24-year-old primigravid female who presented in the 9th month of the gestational period with generalized pruritic eruptions in a tertiary care hospital in the Eastern part of India. These eruptions were erythematous, hyperpigmented, and papular, which began within the striae distensae of the abdomen and progressively spread on the skin of upper and lower limbs, trunk, and buttocks. After the delivery of a full-term male child, there was an aggravation of the symptoms such as itching and disturbed sleep. There was also increased spread of the lesions over the skins of the mentioned areas, which persisted for 6 weeks of the postpartum period. The lesions and associated symptoms gradually subsided with topical application of corticosteroids and hydroquinone along with oral antihistaminic for prolonged periods. Our objective behind reporting this case is to make clinicians aware of PUPPP as a differential diagnosis of peripartum and postpartum pruritic eruptions for prolonged periods.
The usefulness of ultrasonography for the early diagnosis of polyneuropathy in patients with type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Amrendra Kumar Mahato  , Rakesh Nyasur  , Suyogya Wagle  , Sailendra Kumar Mahato  , Dipak Kumar Yadav  , Namrata Dev
Published: May 2024

Background: Diabetic neuropathies, affecting over 50% of diabetes patients, present varied forms of polyneuropathy impacting somatic and autonomic nerves. Clinical assessments, laboratory findings, and nerve conduction studies (NCSs) aid in precise diagnosis, while recent technological advances highlight ultrasonography (US) as a promising, cost-effective diagnostic tool.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to assess the efficacy of US in early polyneuropathy diagnosis in type II diabetes, exploring its potential as an alternative to NCS.
Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study, we enrolled 30 adult patients with type II non-controlled diabetes and 30 age-matched controls, comprising 15 controlled diabetic patients and 15 normal individuals. The comprehensive assessments encompassed history-taking for diabetes duration, hypertension, and diabetic complications, along with clinical examinations and investigations involving nerve electrophysiology and US on one upper limb based on patient complaints.
Results: Significant increases in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve were observed in diabetic peripheral neuropathy groups compared to controls, with a P<0.001. Similarly, at the level behind the medial epicondyle, the ulnar nerve CSA exhibited a significant increase in the diabetic peripheral neuropathy group (11.7 mm2) compared to controls (6.7 mm2) with a P<0.002. In addition, a significant difference in cross-sectional values was found in the median nerve proximal to the carpal tunnel between the two groups (P<0.05). In contrast, no significant differences were observed at other sites. Regarding the relationship between sonography and NCSs, NCSs showed higher sensitivity, but sonography demonstrated comparable specificity in evaluating diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Conclusion: Peripheral nerve US in the upper limb can be a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying and diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Attitude and behavior regarding millet consumption in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Verma Anjali , Lata Kusum , Verma Surender , Rani Shilpi , Kumar Ashish , Kumar Pilli Naveen
Published: May 2024

Background: Millets are highly nutritious with a low glycemic index when compared to rice and wheat in terms of proteins, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants, still the consumption rates of wheat and rice are higher than millets.
Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to know the attitudes, preferences, and perceptions about millet consumption in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Materials and Methods: Caregivers of children with T1DM of age group 2–14 years were included in the study. Data regarding the preference, attitude, frequency, benefit in controlling blood sugar levels, and barriers to millet consumption among children were collected using the open-ended questionnaire filled out by caregivers.
Results: Out of 86 caregivers enrolled, only 35 (41%) respondents knew about millets. In the index study, they were aware of pearl millet (94%) and sorghum (26%) mainly. Only 11.6% of the respondents recorded daily consumption of millets, 15.1% consumed millets 3–4 times in a week, 39.3% did once weekly, and 33.7% rarely. The major reasons behind non-consumption were non-palatability and expensive products. Only 29.1% of the respondents knew the role of millets in controlling blood sugar levels and reducing complications. Very few (7%) subjects knew about the new millet-based biscuits and other products.
Conclusion: To increase the consumption of healthy millets by children with T1DM, it is suggested to develop various products to enhance palatability, providing knowledge on health benefits of millets, and widespread availability of millets.
Netiquette and social media engagement of doctors: A renaissance in health-care delivery
Authors: Madhavi Gajula  , Bhanupriya S Pande  , Bhuvana Gajula  , Shwetha Hariba
Published: May 2024

Background: Netiquette is the term used for online etiquette or Internet etiquette. It refers to a set of guidelines, acceptable for communication. With the advent of the pandemic and online taking the major stage for discharging the majority of professional duties, proper netiquette practices among professionals are the basic necessity.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge regarding netiquette and its practices among health-care professionals (HCPs) and to determine the factors associated with social media engagement among doctors.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted for 2 months, consisting of a total of 64 participants. A pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on netiquette and its practices, the professional involvement of health-care personnel in delivering health care, and their encounter with online trolls and harassment.
Results: On analysis, it was found that 74.3% had knowledge about netiquette and its practices, however, very few had knowledge about cyberspace usage. Around 68.3% of the participants were unaware of the American Medical Association social media policy for HCPs, guiding the Internet usage for discharging their professional duties. Only 29.7% observed proper netiquette practices to avoid being cyber-bullied. Very few of the study participants faced online troll and harassment and they chose to reply to troll by facts rather than staying quiet. An in-depth study can be done by creating an awareness program as an intervention.
Conclusion: Netiquette and its practices are the key to online consultations and practices among HCPs. There is a need to create awareness among them by conducting workshops on the same.
Post-chemotherapy changes in breast with evaluation of residual carcinoma burden
Authors: Tiwari Kavita , Verma Nidhi
Published: May 2024

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is an important tool for the treatment of patients with breast cancer. The aim of NAT is to make it operable for patients with locally advanced breast cancer, to shrink early-stage tumors – thus allowing for breast conservation. Pathological complete response achieved by post-chemotherapy is an independent factor in the long-term survival of patients. Thus, the histopathological components of post-chemotherapy changes such as cellularity and lymph node (LN) tumor deposits, when combined, help to assess residual carcinoma burden.
Aims and Objectives: This study aims to analyze various histopathological changes in the breast after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the objective of evaluating post-chemotherapy response and residual cancer burden.
Materials and Methods: A total of 34 cases of post-chemotherapy modified radical mastectomy specimens were analyzed for pathological response (pCR) and residual cancer burden were evaluated. Tumor cellularity, stromal changes, lymphovascular invasion, and LN involvement were noted.
Results: The age group of presentation of 34 cases ranged from 30 to 75 years of age with the mean age being 43.5 years. The most common histomorphological finding was fibrosis/elastosis and vacuolation with 26 (76.5%) and 24 (70.6%) cases, respectively. The number of cases that showed partial pCR was 30 (88.2%) and 1 (2.9%) case showed a pathological complete response which belonged to Stage 0, pathological no response was shown by 3 (8.8%) cases which belonged to Stage II and Stage IV.
Conclusion: Post-chemotherapy response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast carcinoma is important for prognosis and predictive information for disease relapse.
To study the awareness of needle stick injuries among healthcare workers in an area select of tertiary care hospital
Authors: Latika  , Ridhi Suri  , Dahiya Pushpa
Published: May 2024

Background: Needle stick injuries, or NSIs, refer to injuries produced by several types of needles, including hypodermic needles, blood collection needles, intravenous stylets, and needles used for connecting components of intravenous administration systems.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the awareness of NSIs among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a selected area of a tertiary care hospital.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken within the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OBG). The study’s target group was all HCWs of varied experience levels (n=272). This study employed a meticulously crafted questionnaire in the English language. The survey includes 22 items covering a variety of NSI-related topics. Subgroup analysis was conducted using the Pearson Chi-square test.
Results: It was found that most of them were in the 20–30 age group (75%), the majority were females (72%), unmarried (61%), and from an urban background (85%). Almost all the participants (96%) were aware that NSIs are preventable. Similarly, 90% of the participants were aware that NSIs may cause the transmission of diseases, and 77% of the participants reported that they have training on biomedical waste management and its disposal. About 74% of the respondents stated that they had been exposed to NSIs.
Conclusion: This study sheds light on the awareness levels and experiences of HCWs regarding NSIs in the OBG department. While a high level of awareness was observed, the study identified areas for improvement in the implementation of preventive measures, reporting practices, and post-exposure management.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia – An unwanted terror and a loathsome burden on the health-care cost in the recent era
Authors: Sharmila Gupta  , Debarati Banerjee  , Rituparna Haldar
Published: May 2024

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as infection of lung parenchyma in patients exposed to invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 48 h. VAP is the second most common hospital-acquired infection with a mortality rate up to 40%.
Aims and Objectives: To determine the microbiological profile of VAP-related samples, the demographic profile of patients, and associated risk factors.
Materials and Methods: VAP-related samples including endotracheal tube tip, tracheal secretions, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected from 73 patients during the study period from January 2023 to November 2023. Their blood samples were also collected for automated blood culture. Samples were processed as per standard protocol.
Results: Out of the total patients, 60.31% were male and 39.68% were female. 61–80 years was the most commonly affected age group. The most commonly isolated micro-organism was Acinetobacter baumannii with the highest sensitivity to polymixin B and tigecycline. Associated blood culture positivity was maximum in patients whose samples of ET tube tip, tracheal secretions, and BAL fluid had isolated A. baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Two Candida albicans were isolated with sensitivities to voriconazole and amphotericin B. Many patients had associated septicemia. Endotracheal intubation and tracheal suction were the most common risk factors associated.
Conclusion: As associated septicemia may increase the mortality rate manifold blood samples should also be collected in suspected VAP patients along with VAP-related samples for early detection of sepsis leading to better patient management.
Posterior urethral valve in neonates - overview in a tertiary care center
Authors: Saravanan Natarajan  , Shankar Mohan
Published: May 2024

Background: Posterior urethral valves are a unique obstructive pathology occurring in male children. Although known to present during various age groups when diagnosed in the neonatal period itself the outcome is better.
Aims and Objectives: To study the incidence, clinical presentation, investigations, and management of neonates with posterior urethral valves and compare with literature.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of neonates admitted to Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College Hospital in South India for 1 year from August 2022 to July 2023.
Results: Of a total of 16 cases studied the age of incidence of posterior urethral valve is 1–28 days with antenatally detected in nine cases. Fulguration was done in all 14 cases with vesicostomy in one case, bilateral ureterostomy in one case, and death in one case.
Conclusion: Posterior urethral valve is a rare neonatal disease which is most often diagnosed antenatally. The investigations and modalities of management in our institution are inline with other studies in literature.
A comparison of internal jugular vein cannulation versus supraclavicular brachiocephalic vein cannulation using ultrasound guidance
Authors: Zulfiqar Ali  , Abdul Waheed Mir  , Iqra Nazir  , Sajad Hussain Arif  , Altaf Mir  , Mir Mohsin  , Zoya Sehar  , Shahid Ahmad Mir
Published: May 2024

Background: Ultrasound has become the standard of care for the insertion of central venous catheters (CVCs) in the intensive care unit. With the introduction of ultrasonography in CVC insertion, there has been an improvement in the success rate and a dramatic decrease in the rate of complications.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the safety and ease of insertion of ultrasonically guided cannulation of the internal jugular vein (IJV) with that of the supraclavicular subclavian vein (SCV) in adult patients undergoing various surgical procedures.
Materials and Methods: All the patients in whom central venous cannulation was planned were assigned to two groups. Group I underwent ultrasound-guided IJV while as Group II underwent cannulation ultrasound-guided SCV cannulation. A comparison was made between the two groups, of the success rates, durations of procedure, number of attempts at needle redirections, difficulties if any during insertion of guidewires, and the complications encountered.
Results: The IJV group had a higher proportion of first-attempt success (93.2% versus 62.7%). The IJV group had a lesser incidence (3.2%) of complications such as guidewire progression and needle redirections compared with SCV (15.2%). The frequency of adverse events did not differ between the two study groups with an incidence in 3.2% in IJV group and 9.6% in the subclavian group. Higher first-attempt success rates and fewer procedural complications were seen with ultrasound-guided IJV.
Conclusion: IJV central venous catheterization is an easier and less invasive and less risky procedure for patients.
Social Media Marketing Initiatives and Brand Loyalty
Authors: Rai Bharat , Dahal Rewan Kumar
Published: May 2024

Background: Social media advertising strategies have radically changed how brands interact with consumers and cultivate brand loyalty. The study's principal objective was to identify the influence of social media marketing activities on consumer brand loyalty toward shopping goods.
Methods: The study used primary data from a structured survey questionnaire with the six-point Likert scale sent to Nepalese customers. The study's sampling was convenient, and the Kathmandu-based location was chosen as the sample site. The study's population was the consumers of consumer shopping goods. People who purchase consumer shopping items were given 600 surveys, but only 395 usable questionnaires were collected.
Results: Through the path analysis, the influence of the credibility of social media significantly and positively influenced brand loyalty (β = 0.165, p < 0.05). It was also found that the informativeness of social media significantly impacted brand loyalty toward consumer shopping goods (β = 0.130, p < 0.05). Likewise, it was also investigated whether social media entertainment significantly impacts brand loyalty (β = 0.426, p < 0.05) toward consumer shopping goods in the Nepalese market.
Conclusion: By leveraging the power of social media venues to engage with customers, deliver pertinent content, and create personalized experiences, businesses may cultivate a strong emotional connection with their target audience, increasing brand loyalty and trust.
Novelty: The study results show how future researchers and business people can look at the new conditions for market growth.
The Impact of Covid-19 on Urban Planning of Port Harcourt City, Nigeria
Authors: Odigwe Moses , Mchi Akaawase Alexander
Published: May 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease is a communicable and contagious respiratory disease that has not only affected human social lives, interactions and relationships but equally changed other significant patterns of people’s normal lives, and there is need for a robust urban planning to meet the emerging changes. This study sought to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the inhabitants of Port Harcourt City and its implications on urban planning in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria. This study examined how the COVID-19 pandemic affected human interactions and business activities, and its implication on urban planning in Port Harcourt city.
Methods: The study adopted descriptive survey design with questionnaire used for data collection. Port Harcourt inhabitants aged 18 years and above were studied using four major clusters in Port Harcourt city. Purposive sampling technique was used to select participants from five most affected COVID-19 business areas in each cluster in the year 2020. A total of 400 participants assessed on people’s economic activities and welfare attributes using Likert-scale. Data were analysed using simple percentages, mean and standard deviation.
Results: Major findings revealed that COVID-19 negatively affected the lives of people, closure of markets and other economic centres, lack of face-to-face communication and interaction, change in people’s social welfare and lifestyle, to halt in education and academic activities, restriction in movement and transportation, and household welfare challenges. It is suggested that policymakers should intensify efforts to ensure coronavirus is eradicated by providing COVID-19 drugs to all Nigerians. 
Conclusion: The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive measures to mitigate the multifaceted impacts of COVID-19 in Nigeria, emphasizing equitable access to essential medications as a crucial strategy for combating the pandemic's adverse effects on society.
Novelty: This research offers novel insights into the broad-ranging impacts of COVID-19 on various aspects of life in Nigeria, highlighting the imperative of equitable access to medications as a pivotal solution.
Education Policies and Practices for Ensuring Quality Education in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Bisna
Published: May 2024

Background: Nepal's education policies and practices focus on enhancing the quality of education by implementing guidelines, regulations, and initiatives established by the government and educational institutions. The policies and practices are carefully crafted to address various aspects of the education system, ensuring that all students can access equitable, thorough, and effective educational opportunities.
Objectives: This study examines the education policies and practices implemented in Nepal to ensure high-quality education.
Method: An analytical and descriptive research design has been applied to analyze the data. Data were collected through a comprehensive field survey. Questionnaires were distributed to students, teachers, and guardians, while head teachers were interviewed. Additionally, policy experts and local leaders participated in a focused group discussion.
Results: The study found a strong correlation between various dimensions of quality education and the overall quality of education. Specifically, motivation, teaching-learning pedagogy, school environment, and training and development were found to be statistically significant in improving the quality of education. However, no significant relationship was found between resources and the quality of education. The regression results also showed similar findings. 
Conclusion: Based on the hypothesis, it can be inferred that there was a positive impact of motivation, teaching-learning pedagogy, school environment, and training and development on the quality of education, even in primary and basic education settings. The study suggests that resources do not have a significant impact on the quality of education in primary and basic education.
Novelty: The researcher has expected that by implementing education acts, policies, and programs, Nepal's school education will be improved ensuring education quality.
INVESTIGATING BACK SURFACE COOLING SYSTEM USING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS AND HEATSINK ON PHOTOVOLTAIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: ALJUMAILI Ahmed , ALAIWI YASER , Al-khafaji Zainab
Published: May 2024

This research aims to improve thermal performance and compare the performance of two common crystalline PV panel types (Mono and poly). Modules with a back-cooling system were designed and numerically analyzed with SolidWorks and ANSYS-Fluent-2021-R2 for the simulation under Baghdad weather at noon. The cooling system used consists of a phase-change material, paraffin wax (RT55), with a thickness of 5 cm and a heatsink with 33 fins with heights of 10, 20, and 30 mm and thicknesses of 2, 4, and 6 mm. to select the best height of the wax 1, 3, 5, 10, 20 cm examined. The result showed that for polycrystals, the panel temperature was reduced by 8.4°C using PCM and 11.9°C using PCM-fins. Also, output power was enhanced to 200.6 W by 10.2 W, and efficiency improved by 5%. Similarly, using PCM and PCM-fins lowered the temperature of the monocrystalline by 8.3 and 12.5°C, respectively. Therefore, the output power is enhanced to 202.4 W by 10.7 W and improves the electrical efficiency by 5.2%. The results of the study showed that mono had better performance than poly. This result is acceptable and is in good agreement with previous studies.
THE BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE CONTAINING POLYPROPYLENE FIBERS AND STEEL MESH ON THE IMPACT RESISTANCE
Authors: Muttar Ammar , Taha Abdulhussain Sana , Al-Kerttani Osama , Khalid Omar
Published: May 2024

Annually, engineers face many sustainability problems due to thousands of tons of concrete being manufactured for buildings and structures. So, alternatives to some construction materials are used. In this research, cement composites reinforced with steel mesh and cement composites reinforced with polypropylene fibers (PPFs) were used. For this purpose, 36 concrete slabs were poured with dimensions of 40 x 40 x 4 cm containing steel mesh, and PPF with dimensions (10 x 10, 15x15, 20x20, 25x25, and 40x40) cm in the center of the slab. The impact resistance of both types of concrete was examined, in addition to noting the initial cracking of the samples and examining the energy absorption at the initial cracking and the final failure of both types, through the results, it was found that the use of steel mesh 40x40 cm is the best in terms of its resistance to repeated impact loads as well as its energy absorption.
NEW STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING NETWORK SECURITY AGAINST CYBER ATTACK BASED ON INTELLIGENT ALGORITHMS
Authors: Zaki Abdullah Mahmood , Kalid Jassim Ali , Noori Hummadi Fadia , Majid M. Al Khalidy Mohammed
Published: May 2024

Gradually, since the number of linked computer systems that use networks linked to the Internet is raised the information that is delivered through those systems becomes more vulnerable to cyber threats. This article presents proposed algorithms based on Machine Learning (ML) that ensure early detection of cyber threats that cause network breaking through the use of the Correlation Ranking Filter feature selection method. These proposed algorithms were applied to the Multi-Step Cyber-Attack Dataset (MSCAD) which consists of 66 features. The proposed strategy will apply machine learning algorithms like Adaptive Boosting-Deep Learning (AdaBoost-Deep Learning) or (ABDL), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Bayesian Networks Model (BNM), and Random Forest (RF), the feature would be decreased to high valuable of 46 features were included with a threshold of 0.1 or higher. The accuracy would be increased when the no. of features decreased to 46 with a threshold of ≥ 0.1 with the ABDL algorithm producing an accuracy of 99.7076%. The obtained results showed that the proposed algorithm delivered a suitable accuracy of 99.6791% with the ABDL algorithm even with a higher number of features.
INFLUENCE OF STEEL FIBRES OF CRIMPED AND HOOKED-END SHAPE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PORTLAND CEMENT
Authors: Hamad Khalaf Nada , Mahdi Saheb M. , Khalil Ibrahim Yasir
Published: May 2024

Cement mortar without fibers might crack due to shrinkage or volume changes. Cracking in cement mortar leads to elastic deformation. The development of these cracks causes elastic deformation of cement mortar. This study examined the influence of two steel fibers' geometrical forms (crimped and hooked with just one end) in different amounts by volume (Volume fraction = 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%) on the cement mortar's mechanical features. Among the characteristics were splitting, compressive as well as flexural strength. The samples were prepared, poured into cubic molds for compressive strength testing cylindrical molds used for splitting strength testing, and prismatic molds for flexural strength testing, and processed at various times 3, 14, and 28 days before the tests. According to the findings, the highest increase was obtained after adding 0.75% of crimped fibers, the compressive strength increased by 13.3 %21.29%, and 44.8%, for 3,14.28 days respectively, and split tensile strength increased by 66.17%,68.9%, and 79.48% for 3.14 and 28 days respectively and flexural strength increased by 72 %,91% and 92% for 3.14 and 28 days, respectively.