bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application and research on the method of analyzing the composition of traditional Chinese medicine based on knowledge mapping
Authors: Wang Lin
Published: February 2024

Modern experimental analysis techniques have the problem of inefficiency in the analysis of traditional Chinese medicine composition. For the construction of a knowledge graph of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, this paper first proposes a two-way graph convolutional aggregation network model, which is characterized by the node features of the knowledge graph being enhanced by the relationship features in the initial embedding of entities and relationships. The performer model can reduce the computation of the attention score and improve the computational efficiency of the model. Next, the two-way graph convolutional aggregation network model is used to perform the analysis in the TCM-related database. Finally, the results of the analysis are applied to a real case study of traditional Chinese medicine composition analysis. The construction of the knowledge graph for traditional Chinese medicine ingredients resulted in the acquisition of 14 high-frequency keywords. In the results of the compositional analysis of the herbs of C. minor, 13 batches of samples could be clustered into three groups, and 11 common peaks and 4 common components were identified for the 13 batches of samples, which were protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, and chrysanthemic acid, respectively. A cumulative variance contribution of 84.853% was obtained after extracting three principal components.
Artistic characterization of AI painting based on generative adversarial networks
Authors: Lu Weiwei , Qi Ruixing , Li Yuhui
Published: February 2024

Combined with the creation process of AI painting art, it analyzes the artistic design characteristics of AI paintings formed by generative adversarial networks. It utilizes a convolutional neural network to extract the artistic characteristics of AI paintings and combines the error of feature loss to calculate the features, which ensures the stable operation of the generative adversarial network model. To achieve the style migration of AI painting artworks, the Cycle GAN model was designed on this basis. Comparing the features of both AI paintings of generative adversarial networks and paintings of human artists, the perceptual complexity is taken as the dependent variable, and a regression model is established to analyze and calculate the complexity features of AI paintings, as well as to analyze the color matching art of AI paintings by combining the beauty calculation method. According to the comparison results, the AI paintings have a score of 3.71 for inspirational, 3.69 for aesthetic value, 3.52 for compositional rationality, and 3.38 for breakthrough. The AI paintings have a high level of thought and inspirational value.
Perceiving and Communicating the Value of Artistic Aesthetics Based on Multiple Intelligences Theory
Authors: Mao Yi , Jia Xiaojun
Published: February 2024

This paper establishes an evaluation system for the value of art aesthetics, and utilizes the hierarchical analysis method to determine the weights of each index. Then, based on the multiple intelligence theory and the affiliation function, we establish a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for the cognition and communication of artistic aesthetic value and use the degree of affiliation of each evaluation object in the comprehensive evaluation set as the evaluation value to establish a comprehensive evaluation matrix, to realize the comprehensive evaluation of the cognition and communication of artistic aesthetic value. In the practical exploration, traditional villages and cultural routes are taken as the objects of analysis to analyze the evaluation of all kinds of people on the cognition and communication of artistic and aesthetic values in both. It is found that the villagers have strong value cognition and conveyance identity to their native villages, and the villagers’ evaluation scores of the wholeness, specificity, and aesthetics of village B are higher than those of the experts and tourists, which are 3.6, 4.4, and 4.5, respectively. The five managers of the Meili Snow Mountain Transit Route achieved an average of 4.028 evaluation scores for the perception and communication of artistic aesthetic values in the route, and it was also found that tourists of all ethnicities focused on each evaluation index of artistic aesthetics differently, and Mongolian and Yi tourists evaluated the index of color richness more highly, with 4.93 and 4.99 scores, respectively.
An Exploration of Users’ Intention to Continuously Use English Social Platforms in Colleges and Universities Based on the SOR Model
Authors: Xu Yaling , Wang Wenyong
Published: February 2024

Nowadays, the development of social media tends to be saturated, and maintaining user stickiness is a common problem faced by developers. This paper constructs a research model of users’ continuous use intention of English social platforms in colleges and universities based on the SOR model and makes relevant research hypotheses based on the research model. The English social platforms constructed by M universities are selected as the research objects, questionnaires are designed and collected with the research model and hypotheses, and the data are analyzed with multiple linear regression model, and multiple regression analyses are conducted to analyze the four variables of opinion leader professionalism, content quality, social interaction, and visual design and users’ willingness to continue to use the platforms, as well as to test the hypotheses and mediation effects. The study shows that opinion leader professionalism, content quality, social interaction, and visual design have p-values less than 0.05, and all of them have a significant effect on users’ intention to continue using English social platforms. Except for the positive effect of visual design on trust, and the mediating role of trust in visual design and user’s intention to use did not pass the test, all other hypotheses and mediating effects satisfy the P-value of less than 0.05. Therefore, opinion leaders, content quality, and social interaction all have a positive effect on users’ trust and emotions, which in turn positively affect users’ intentions to continue using.
Construction of Satisfaction Evaluation System for Greenway Environmental Recreation Function in Tourist Attractions Based on Matrix Modeling
Authors: Luo Jinze
Published: February 2024

Greenways have a series of functions such as ecological protection and promotion of economic development, and exploring the needs of greenway tourists for greenway recreation functions has become an important way to promote the comprehensive development of green ecology. To meet this demand, this paper develops an intelligent model that objectively quantifies tourist satisfaction. The TF-IDF algorithm is used to mine tourists’ comments, and the keywords extracted by TF-IDF are used to compare the similarity with the theme words of the implied themes in the LDA model, to solve the defects of the implied themes in the LDA theme model that are not clear. Create a system to evaluate satisfaction for visitor recreation functions that utilize themes extracted from the LDA model. IPA satisfaction analysis is used to process the data mined by LDA to create visitors’ ratings. Subsequently, the model was put into practice greenway facilities maintenance, rest facilities along the greenway, and greenway diversity excursion program words accounted for small weight, respectively 0.0632, 0.0765, and 0.0833, that is, the tourists’ perception of these topics is low. The average value of the sentiment scores of the 10 themes is 174.852. The score for theme 10 is 85.27, which is significantly lower than the average value, which suggests that tourists are dissatisfied with the greenway recreation facilities in the scenic area. Optimizing the quality of greenway recreation and improving the development level of greenways can be achieved by utilizing this paper as a reference.
Validity of Using Still Images for Written Competency Assessments for Point-of-Care Ultrasound among Non-Radiologists-pilot study.
Authors: Almemari Ayesha , Buhumaid Rasha
Published: February 2024

Background and Objective:
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become an integral part of the curricula of various spe-cialty residency programs. POCUS education requires learners to be proficient in image acqui-sition, image interpretation, and integration into clinical practice. The assessment of POCUS skills and competency is variable. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of us-ing still ultrasound images as examination test items without providing clinical vignettes or anatomical locations.
Methods:
This is a proof-of-concept survey pilot study, residents from the Middle East who had com-pleted their training in emergency medicine were surveyed during their competency assess-ment examination. They were provided with a single ultrasound image of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in both print and PowerPoint slide format. The task was to identify the diagnosis based on this image, which was taken from a reference emergency medicine textbook.
Results:
The study showed that only 50% of the residents correctly identified the diagnoses based on the still images. Many of the incorrect answers included diagnoses that were not related to the anatomical structure that was scanned, indicating that the residents were not able to identify the anatomical locations, which highlighted the challenges of interpreting a single still image without clinical context and emphasized the need for valid and reliable test items in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) education and assessment.
Conclusions:
National and international emergency medicine societies should establish standards for writ-ing POCUS examination test items to ensure their validity and reliability.
Emergency Medicine Physicians Success Rate in Reducing Anterior Shoulder Dislocations: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Alshalhoub Mohammed , Alawlah Hamad , Alageel Mohammed , Alhumaid Lina , Altamimi Dana , Benmeakel Mohammed
Published: February 2024

Background:
Shoulder dislocations are common occurrences, with anterior shoulder dislocations being the most prevalent. Various reduction techniques are employed, but success rates and influencing factors remain variable. This study aims to evaluate the success rate of anterior shoulder reductions performed by emergency physicians, as well as factors contributing to reduction failure and extended emergency department (ED) stay.

Methods:
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City from 2019 to 2022, focusing on patients presenting with closed anterior shoulder dislocation. Data were collected from medical records included patient demographics, mechanism of injury, method of reduction, and length of stay in the ED. Statistical analyses explored associations and relationships between variables.

Results:
A total of 179 patients were included. The mean age was 32 years. Most patients had normal BMI (34.6%), and the right shoulder was more frequently affected (56.4%). Falls (38.0%) and daily activities (33.5%) were common mechanisms of injury. Patients presenting within 3 hours had a mean ED stay of 3 hours and 54 minutes, compared to 6 hours and 43 minutes for those presenting later (p < 0.001). The success rate was 94.8% for early presenters and 84.3% for late presenters. Orthopedic involvement resulted in longer ED stays (8 hours and 48 minutes ± 5 hours and 20 minutes), while those without orthopedic referral had shorter stays (4 hours and 40 minutes ± 3 hours and 17 minutes). The waiting time for outpatient appointments was significantly shorter for patients with orthopedic involvement (8 days) compared to those without (39 days, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Emergency medicine physicians achieved a high success rate in reducing anterior shoulder dislocations. The study underscores the importance of early presentation to the ED and orthopedic involvement in achieving favorable outcomes. The findings contribute to enhancing the understanding and management of closed anterior shoulder dislocations in emergency medicine.
INSTITUTIONAL PREREQUISITES OF THE CAPITALIZATION OF HUMAN POTENTIAL
Authors:   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Kharchenko Yulia
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes employment and labor productivity as fundamental prerequisites for the capital-ization of the human potential of regions, stratification is carried out and the continuity of generations is revealed in the modern format, resource potential is investigated and the specification of property rights is outlined in the conditions of localization of economic space. A functional approach to the criterion measure-ment of the state of objects and means of work, as well as human development in the context of the institu-tionalism of spatial social systems, is proposed. Calculations of the following indicators were carried out: labor productivity (VRP per 1 worker); the level of revitalization of means of production (depreciation of fixed assets); employment level and job growth; investment in fixed capital per person. It was noted that there is a positive trend in reducing the number of citizensemployed in the informal sector of the economy.Employment and labor productivity were analyzed as fundamental prerequisites for the capitali-zation of the human potential of the regions, stratification was carried out and the succession of gener-ations in the modern format was revealed, the resource potential was investigated and the specification of property rights was outlined in the conditions of the localization of the economic space.It was determined that, guided by the experience of the post-socialist countries of the EU, the institutional prerequisites for using the economic potential in our country should be the motivation to create new jobs in all areas of the economy, the implementation of the import substitution program and the activation of the functioning of the internal market, the formation of spatial investment attractiveness and the establishment of effective interregional relations of the
Surveying the Moral Landscape: How Ethical Frameworks Influence the Structure of Return-to-Sport Decision Making
Authors: Vannatta C. Nathan
Published: February 2024

SYNOPSIS: Similar to all areas of health care, sports medicine has ethical considerations when making decisions—return to sport being one. Despite a general consensus on criteria to determine when an athlete is ready to return to sport, there are various scenarios that clinicians encounter that may not fall into a clear “yes” or “no” decision. These scenarios leave the clinician asking what is the “right” decision in a given circumstance? A line of questioning that invokes a moral dimension in supporting athletes when they are returning to sport. To address the moral aspect of a clinical decision, ethical frameworks and theories can guide decisions and resolve ethical dilemmas. The aim of this Viewpoint is to briefly describe 4 ethical frameworks and explore how they might apply in a clinical scenario to guide different ethical analyses and influence the final decision. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(4):230-233. Epub 14 February 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12310
The Poetics of the “Novel in Letters” of B. Pasternak and M. Tsvetaeva (Article 1)
Authors:   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Nurkhametova V.O.
Published: February 2024

The correspondence of M. I. Tsvetaeva and B. L. Pasternak, which has a vivid literary character, is one of the unique documents of the history of Russian literature of the 1920s–1930s. Since its full publication in 2004, it has repeatedly become the subject of multiple scientific research projects: interpretations of texts and their fragments were proposed, and biographies of poets were built through the correspondence. However, the poetics of the entire corpora of their letters as a whole was not considered in detail. The final paper offers an analysis of the content and poetics of the poets' letters to each other, as well as traces and illustrates the peculiar myth that develops in their correspondence, which we designate as a “novel in letters”. Further, it is considered how the main themes and motives of correspondence were reflected in the work of both correspondents on the basis of the key motives of this “novel”.
Modern Falsifications of Grigory Rasputin’s Manuscripts and Their Identification
Authors:   V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Druzhinin P.A.
Published: February 2024

Never before has the handwritten legacy of Grigory Rasputin become the subject of scientific scrutiny. This gap is explained by the fact that Rasputin’s manuscripts has never been separated from the surviving corpus of his texts, which were published only partially and without appropriate textual preparation. Therefore, the author tried to compile a complete corpus of Rasputin’s manuscripts found in the archives and museums of Russia as well as from the rest of the world. This exercise enabled him to identify and record the main linguistic and archaeographic characteristics of Rasputin’s manuscript heritage. The process of compiling a corpora of manuscripts of an individual author and its subsequent critical examination naturally and inevitably leads to the isolation of a number of manuscripts from this corpus for reasons of their inconsistency with the characteristics found in the main body of manuscripts. The recent study of the corpus of Grigory Rasputin’s manuscripts revealed that a number of his newly discovered letters and notes turned out to be alien. It is evident that the accuracy of the conclusions drawn from the examination of written monuments directly depends on the expert’s familiarity with the reference samples in the original. But since the corpus of Rasputin’s manuscripts had not previously been formed, the examination was carried using reproductions, and without a deep source study or linguistic analysis of the manuscripts. This inevitably led to erroneous conclusions, in particular, to the recognition of secondary manuscripts as Rasputin’s originals. To confirm his theses, the author carries out a detailed examination of five manuscripts that have been identified in recent years and have been recognized by experts as originals. The main, but not the only argument with which the author tries to refute the conclusions of experts, is a linguistic analysis. The linguistic characteristics of Grigory Rasputin’s idiom provide us with the main criterion according to which one can reach a verdict on the authenticity of a particular manuscript authored by this historical figure.
Theoretical and experimental insights into the spatial distribution of functional groups in multivariate flexible metal-organic framework JUK-8(Br)(NO2)
Authors: Roztocki Kornel , Szufla Monika , Formalik Filip , Bon Volodymyr , Krawczuk Anna , Paluch Piotr , Dudek Marta K. , Kaskel Stefan , Matoga Dariusz
Published: February 2024

Dynamic multicomponent metal-organic frameworks, comprising numerous functional groups attached to a flexible backbone, expedite the complexity of coordination chemistry. Both factors, stimuli-responsiveness, and non-homogeneous environ-ments, are pivotal for creating complex systems that bring scientists closer to understanding biological structures, nevertheless, com-prehension of such systems remains largely unexplored. Inspired by this concept, we prepared a series of flexible multivariate JUK-8(NO2)x(Br)1-x (0 < x < 1) compounds (MTV-MOFs) and introduced experimental and theoretical methodologies for their investiga-tion. 1H-NMR was employed to determine the molar fraction of the linker in the bulk sample, whereas single crystal X-ray diffraction verified this value for single crystals. CO2 adsorption studies at 195 K revealed that the monosubstituted JUK-8(NO2) transitioned from a less porous to a porous phase at p/p0 ~ 0.20, while for JUK-8(Br), this process occurred at p/p0 ~ 0.58. For the MTV-MOFs, in contrast to the anticipated steady increase in transformation pressure with the molar fraction of Br-pip, xBr, we observed a constant gate opening pressure, p/p0 ~ 0.33, across a broad range of xBr, 0.27-0.63, and then its gradual increase up to p/p0 ~ 0.48 for xBr up to 0.96. Resolving the crystal structure of the closed phases of JUK-8(Br) and JUK-8(NO2) allowed us to identify the crucial interactions governing this phenomenon. Finally, by constructing theo-retical models of a multivariate structure and employing solid-state NMR crystallography supported by DFT simulation, we shed light on the possible spatial arrangement of functional groups in JUK-8(NO2)0.50(Br)0.50. Overall, our report introduces a methodology that could potentially be utilized for investigating multicomponent flexible MOFs.
Biocatalytic Ether Lipid Synthesis by an Archaeal Glycerolprenylase
Authors: Kaspar Felix , Eilert Lea , Staar Sophie , Oung Sangwar Wadtey , Wolter Mario , Ganskow Charity S. G. , Kemper Sebastian , Klahn Philipp , Blankenfeldt Wulf , Schallmey Anett
Published: February 2024

Although ethers are common in secondary natural products, they are an underrepresented functional group in primary metabolism. As such, there are comparably few enzymes capable of constructing ether bonds in a general fashion. However, such enzymes are highly sought after for synthetic applications as they typically operate with higher regioselectivity and under milder conditions than traditional organochemical approaches. To expand the repertoire of well characterized ether synthases, we herein report on a promiscuous archaeal prenyltransferase from the scarcely researched family of geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate synthases (GGGPSs or G3PSs). We show that the ultrastable Archaeoglobus fulgidus G3PS makes various (E)- and (Z)-configured prenyl glycerol ethers from the corresponding pyrophosphates, while exerting perfect control over the configuration at the glycerol unit. Based on experimental and computational data, we propose a mechanism for this enzyme which involves an intermediary prenyl carbocation equivalent. As such, this study provides the fundamental understanding and methods to introduce G3PSs into the biocatalytic alkylation toolbox.
Biocatalytic Ether Lipid Synthesis by an Archaeal Glycerolprenylase
Authors: Kaspar Felix , Eilert Lea , Staar Sophie , Oung Sangwar Wadtey , Wolter Mario , Ganskow Charity S. G. , Kemper Sebastian , Klahn Philipp , Jacob Christoph R. , Blankenfeldt Wulf , Schallmey Anett
Published: February 2024

Although ethers are common in secondary natural products, they are an underrepresented functional group in primary metabolism. As such, there are comparably few enzymes capable of constructing ether bonds in a general fashion. However, such enzymes are highly sought after for synthetic applications as they typically operate with higher regioselectivity and under milder conditions than traditional organochemical approaches. To expand the repertoire of well characterized ether synthases, we herein report on a promiscuous archaeal prenyltransferase from the scarcely researched family of geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate synthases (GGGPSs or G3PSs). We show that the ultrastable Archaeoglobus fulgidus G3PS makes various (E)- and (Z)-configured prenyl glycerol ethers from the corresponding pyrophosphates, while exerting perfect control over the configuration at the glycerol unit. Based on experimental and computational data, we propose a mechanism for this enzyme which involves an intermediary prenyl carbocation equivalent. As such, this study provides the fundamental understanding and methods to introduce G3PSs into the biocatalytic alkylation toolbox.
Synthesis of Substituted Triazole-Pyrazole Hybrids using Triazenopyrazoles Precursors
Authors: Graessle Simone , Holzhauer Laura , Wippert Nicolai , Fuhr olaf , Nieger Martin , Jung Nicole , Bräse Stefan
Published: February 2024

A synthesis route to access triazole-pyrazole hybrids via pyrazolotriazenes was developed. Contrary to existing methods, this route allows the facile N-functionalization of the pyrazole before the attachment of the triazole unit via a copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The developed methodology was used to synthesize a library of over fifty novel multi-substituted pyrazole-triazole hybrids. We could also demonstrate a one-pot strategy that renders the isolation of potentially hazardous azides obsolete. In addition, the compatibility of the method with solid-phase synthesis was shown exemplarily.
Photocatalytic Late-stage Functionalization of Dehydroalanine-derived Peptides in Batch and Flow
Authors: Kaplaneris Nikolaos , Akdeniz Merve , Fillols Méritxell , Arrighi Francesca , Raymenants Fabian , Sanil Gana , Gryko Daniel , Noel Timothy
Published: February 2024

Unnatural amino acids, and their synthesis via the late-stage functionalization (LSF) of peptides, play a crucial role in areas such as drug design and discovery. Historically, the LSF of biomolecules has predominantly utilized traditional synthetic methodologies that exploit nucleophilic residues, such as cysteine, lysine or tyrosine. In this study, we present a photocatalytic hydroarylation process targeting the electrophilic residue dehydroalanine (Dha). This residue possesses an α,β-unsaturated moiety and can be combined with various arylthianthrenium salts, both in batch and flow reactors. Notably, the flow setup proved instrumental for efficient scale-up, paving the way for the synthesis of unnatural amino acids and peptides in substantial quantities. Our photocatalytic approach, being inherently mild, permits the diversification of peptides even when they contain sensitive functional groups. The readily available arylthianthrenium salts facilitate the seamless integration of Dha-infused peptides with a wide range of arenes, drug blueprints, and natural products, culminating in the creation of unconventional phenylalanine derivatives. The synergistic effect of the high functional group tolerance and the modular characteristic of the aryl electrophile enables efficient peptide conjugation and ligation in both batch and flow conditions.
Roadmap on Data-Centric Materials Science
Authors: Scheffler Matthias
Published: February 2024

Science is and always has been based on data, but the terms ‘data-centric’ and the ‘4th paradigm’ of materials research indicate a radical change in how information is retrieved, handled and research is performed. It signifies a transformative shift towards managing vast data collections, digital repositories, and innovative data analytics methods. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its subset Machine Learning (ML), has become pivotal in addressing all these challenges. This Roadmap on Data-Centric Materials Science explores fundamental concepts and methodologies, illustrating diverse applications in electronic-structure theory, soft matter theory, microstructure research, and experimental techniques like photoemission, atom probe tomography, and electron microscopy. While the roadmap delves into specific areas within the broad interdisciplinary field of materials science, the provided examples elucidate key concepts applicable to a wider range of topics. The discussed instances offer insights into addressing the multifaceted challenges encountered in contemporary materials research.
Spin-Order Effects of Single-Atom Catalyst on Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Chen Yi-jie , Wen Jun , Luo Zhi-rui , Sun Fu-li , Chen Wen-xian , Zhuang Gui-lin
Published: February 2024

Magnetic property (spin order) of support is of great importance in the rational design of heterogeneous catalysts. Herein, we taken the Ni-supported ferromagnetic CrBr3 support (Nix/CrBr3) to thorough investigate the effect of spin-order on electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) via spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Specifically, Ni loading induces anti-ferromagnetic coupling in Ni-Cr, leading to a transition from ferromagnetic ( FM )-to-ferrimagnetic ( FIM ) properties, while Ni-Ni metallic bonds create a robust ferromagnetic direct exchange, benefiting the improvement of the phase transition temperature. Interestingly, with the increase of Ni loading, the easy magnetic axis changes from out of plane (2D-Heisenberg) to in plane (2D-XY). The adsorption properties of Nix/CrBr3, involving O2 adsorption energy and configuration, are not governed by the d-band center and strongly correlate with magnetic anisotropy. It is noteworthy that the applied potential and electrolyte acidity triggers spin-order transition phenomena during the ORR and induces the catalytic pathway change from the 4e- ORR to 2e- ORR with the excellent onset potential of 0.93 V/RHE, comparable to the existing most excellent noble-metal catalysts. Generally, these findings offer new avenues to understand and design the heterogeneous catalysts with magnetic support.
Rapid synthesis of cationic cellulose with high degree of substitution values over 1.0 in aqueous pyrrolidinium hydroxide solutions
Authors: Hayashi Yutaro , Usami Mariya , Ito Elisabeth R. D. , Takeoka Yuko , Rikukawa Masahiro , Yoshizawa-Fujita Masahiro
Published: February 2024

Cellulose is attracting attention for the development of environmentally friendly, carbon-neutral, sustainable materials. Cellulose derivatives with cationic groups have the potential for applications in various fields, e.g., electrolytes. However, the current situation is marked by a low degree of cationic group incorporation and a need for more efficient synthesis methods. In this study, cationic cellulose was synthesized using an epoxy derivative, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTMAC), in an aqueous pyrrolidinium hydroxide solution. Since an aqueous pyrrolidinium hydroxide solution is a strong alkaline solution, the solution not only exhibits a high cellulose solubility at room temperature but also facilitates the reaction between cellulose and the epoxy derivative. We investigated the influence of reaction time, temperature, cellulose concentration, cationic reagent concentration, and the selection of a precipitation solvent for purification on the degree of substitution (DS) value of cationic cellulose. The structure of the obtained cationic cellulose was examined using 1H NMR, 1H-1H TOCSY, 1H-13C HSQC measurements, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). As a result of increasing cellulose and EPTMAC concentrations, the DS value increased, reaching a maximum value of 1.9. Solubility tests indicated that the cationic cellulose with chloride counter-anions exhibited notable solubility even in ethanol when the DS values were over 1.2. Cationic cellulose with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide (TFSA) anion synthesized with a view to battery applications was insoluble in water and exhibited a film-forming property. Thus, the solubility of cationic cellulose could be controlled by varying the anionic species.
Efficient Capture and Release of the Rare-Earth Element Neodymium in Aqueous Solution by Recyclable Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Chatterjee Puranjan , Volkov Alexander , Mi Jiashan , Niu Minghui , Sun Simin , Rossini Aaron J. , Stanley Levi M. , Huang Wenyu
Published: February 2024

Rare-earth elements (REEs) are present in a broad range of critical materials. The development of solid adsorbents for REE capture could enable the cost-effective recycling of REE-containing magnets and electronics. In this context, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising candidates for REE adsorption due to their exceptionally high surface area. Despite having attractive physical properties, COFs are heavily underutilized for REE capture applications due to their limited lifecycle in aqueous acidic environments, as well as synthetic challenges associated with the incorporation of ligands suitable for REE capture. Here, we show how the Ugi multicomponent reaction can be leveraged to post-synthetically modify imine-based COFs for the introduction of diglycolic acid (DGA) moiety, a promising scaffold for REE capture. The adsorption capacity of the DGA-functionalized COF was found to be more than 40 times higher than that of the pristine imine COF precursor and more than three times higher than that of the next-best reported DGA-functionalized solid support. This rationally designed COF has appealing characteristics of high adsorption capacity, fast and efficient capture and release of the REE ions, and reliable recyclability, making it one of the most promising adsorbents for solid-liquid REE ion extractions reported to date.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Intradialytic Stretching Exercises on Muscle Cramps and Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at SRM General Hospital, Kattankulathur
Authors: Jayasrikannan Ms. , C. Kanniammal Dr. , Sheebjebakani Mrs.
Published: February 2024

Introduction In kidney failure approximately 90 of patients have muscle cramps during hemodialysis. This can be prevented by the application of preventive measures such as massages and exercises. Therefore this study evaluated the effectiveness of intradialytic stretching exercises on muscle cramps and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods A quasi-experimental design by adopting purposive sampling technique 60 hemodialysis patients test group30 control group30 with muscle cramps were recruited. Baseline assessment included muscle cramps assessment scale and quality of life questionnaire. In the test group intradialytic stretching exercises were performed for 20 minutes during dialysis twice a week for four weeks followed by an endpoint assessment.Results The study observed that stretching exercises were effective in reducing muscle cramps and improving the quality of life of patients undergoing hemodialysis r0.84 plt0.0001.Conclusion The study concluded that intradialytic exercises were effective in decreasing muscle cramps and improving the quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
A Study to Assess the Level of Family Burden Among the Caregivers of Schizophrenic Patients at a Mental Health Center in Salem
Authors: S Nandakumar
Published: February 2024

Objective To study the association between the level of family burden and demographic variables among the caregivers of schizophrenic patients.Methodology A descriptive approach was employed to assess the level of family burden among caregivers of schizophrenic patients. The purposive sampling method was used to select the sample size which was noted to be 30. The tool consisted of two sections Section A ndash demographic variables and Section B ndash standardized questionnaire.Results The majority of respondents 47 were in the age group of 20-30 years and were females 70 One-third of them were Hindu 60 half of them were married 73.3 were residing in rural areas 53 and were employed 37. With regard to the level of family burden among the caregivers of schizophrenic patients it was observed to be low moderate and high in 8 26.6 15 50 and 7 23.3 respondents respectively.Conclusion There is a pertinent need to provide psychological assistance to the caregivers to help them cope with the stress.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme Regarding the Knowledge of Epilepsy Among Mothers of Under Five Children in Selected Areas, at Tumkur, Karnataka
Authors: C Jayanthi , S Hemalatha
Published: February 2024

A structured teaching programme study was undertaken to identify the knowledge among mothers of under five children about the epilepsy in selected areas of Tumkur. Majority of the mothers 42 were in the age group of 18-22 years followed by 24 in the age group of 23-27 years. A similar finding was observed in the study conducted on awareness and attitude of mothers on epilepsy in Istanbul by Dervant A Arpeci B et al. The mean age of the mothers was 32.19 - 7.25 mean -SD. Most of the family lived 84 in a nuclear setting and 16 belonged to joint families. This study findings were consistent with the findings of Li LM Noronha AL et al. The findings revealed that highest respondents were nuclear family mothers. Most of the mothers 21 42 were coolie workers 12 24 of mothers were in business 6 12 of mothers were government employees and 11 22 were housewives. These findings were supported by the findings of study conducted by Bishop M Slevin B in the state of Kentuky. The findings revealed that the knowledge scores about epilepsy were associated with the occupation of the mothers. Majority of the mothers 18 36 completed primary education 24 48 of the mothers completed secondary education and very few 7 7 of the mothers were graduates while 4 8 of the mothers received no formal education. Majority of the subjects got the information on epilepsy in children from health personnel 62 and only 2 4 of them from their relatives and from continuing education programmes.The objectives of the study werebull To assess the level of knowledge regarding epilepsy among mothers of under five children..bull To administer and the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding epilepsy among mothers of under five children.bull To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on epilepsy in children through knowledge questionnaire by post test.bull To find out the association between pre-test knowledge scores and their selected socio-demographic variables of mothers of under five children.
Excelling Cognizance Through Educational Package on Basic Cardiac Life Support: An Evaluative Study
Authors: Jayalakshmi N , Kastury R , Maria Therese A
Published: February 2024

A pre-experimental study was conducted to estimate the effectiveness of educational package on Basic Cardiac Life Support BCLS among nursing students. A total number of 77 students were selected by purposive sampling technique. We evaluated the effectiveness of educational package on Basic Cardiac Life Support by using standardized questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 version for descriptive and inferential statistics. The mean score of pre-test and post-test knowledge on BCLS was 7.58plusmn2.142 and 20.22plusmn1.868 respectively. In order to find out the efficacy of intervention paired t test was used and the obtained lsquotrsquo value 38.156 was highly significant at plt0.01 level. This clearly indicated that there was improvement in the level of knowledge among first year nursing students before and after the administration of educational package.
Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Food Hygiene among Food Handlers in Selected Hostels at Bengaluru
Authors: MR Chetankumar , Gajendar Singh SR , Clement I
Published: February 2024

A quantitative research approach and quasi experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of planned teaching programme PTP on knowledge regarding food hygiene among food handlers in selected hostels at Bengaluruby using one group pre-test and post-test research design. Sixty food handlers were selected randomly by using convenient sampling method. The pre-test mean score was 14.7 SD 1.66 and the post-test mean was 23.3 SD 1.93 and t-value was 21.88. The significance was measured at 5 level i.e. plt0.05. The association of demographic variables with pre-test level of knowledge by using chi-square test revealed that there was a significant association with age family income and work experience at plt0.05. The present study demonstrated effectiveness of PTP on knowledge regardingfood hygiene and found that the developed PTP was effective in improving the knowledge of food handlers regarding food hygiene.
FISH FARMING PRACTICES AND DISEASE OCCURRENCE IN THE FISH FARMS OF DHANUSHA DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Yadav Manish , Ranjan Rahul , Bahadur Shah Tapendra
Published: February 2024

Dhanusha is one of the leading fish producing districts in Nepal and the fish farming is increasing in the district to establish the district as a ‘Fisheries center’. However, with the increasing fish farming and intensity, a number of diseases find their way to the farm which may hinder the progress of fish farming. Present study was carried out to assess the fish farming practices and the disease occurrence across the fish farms of Dhanusha district. Questionnaire-based personal interviews were conducted with 64-fish farmers selected from all over the district using simple random sampling. Majority of the respondents were males (89.1%), in the active age group of 30-50 years (71.9%), with average experience of more than 15 years (39%) in fish farming. The widely adopted farming system was Carp polyculture, however, some of the farmers also culture other species like Pangas, African catfish, Rupchand, Puntius etc. Only earthen ponds were common with water depths of 5-7 ft (54.7%). Majority of the respondents relied on private hatcheries (34.4%) for fish seeds and the most common stocking size was fingerlings (42.2%) and fry (29.7%). The major source of information and technical support for the farmers were successful farmers (82.8%) and government offices (73.4%). Approximately 65.6% of the farmers had received trainings on fish production and disease management. The most common feed materials were mustard oil cake (100%); rice bran (96.9%) and commercial pellet feed (54.7%). Cattle dung (87.5%); poultry manure (28.1%) and Urea/DAP (95.3%) were the major fertilizers used by the farmers. The most prevalent fish disease was Argulosis (96.9%), Lernaea (90.6%) and EUS (85.9%), but asphyxiation (82.8%) caused the reportedly highest mortality of 346.1±305.5 Kg/ha. Similarly, the most susceptible species to disease was Naini (65.6%) followed by silver carp (49.0%) and bighead carp (34.0%), while the least infected species was Grass carp (0.8%). Winter (70.3%) was reported to be the main season for the occurrence of fish diseases in Dhanusha district. The average B/C ratio in pond aquaculture in the study area was 1.36.
COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF TAMARIND (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.) EXTRACT AND SYNTHETIC VITAMIN AS FEED ADDITIVES IN BROILER CHICKEN PRODUCTION
Authors: C. Onuwa Godfrey , D. Terngu Pius
Published: February 2024

This study analyzed the comparative effect of T. indica L. extract and synthetic vitamin (probiotics) as feed additives in broiler chicken production. Forty (40) birds were used for the experimental trial; and divided into two treatments, T1 and T2, each replicated. Analytical techniques adopted include proximate and photochemical analyses, descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Proximate composition of dry tamarind pulp indicated the presence of moisture (15.20% ± 5. 79%), ash (3.95 ± 0.38%), protein (1.90% ± 0.15%), crude fiber (5.6% ± 0.35%), carbohydrate (70.9% ± 5. 98) and ascorbic acid (0.35% ± 0.13%). Phytochemical screening of the T. indica L. extract indicated seven positive chemical constituents (alkaloid, steroidal ring, flavoids, tannin, saponin, glycosides, protein and amino acids); with significant interactive effects. The survival rate of broilers for the duration of the feeding trial was significant for T1 (97%). Further, the average weight gain was significant for T1 in weeks 2 (1.15kg) to 3 (1.5kg); and significant for T2 (0.74kg) in week 1. Feed conversion ratio was significant for T2 in weeks 2 (2.27) to 3 (1.85); and significant for T1 (2.05) in week 1. Furthermore, both feed additives indicated progressive increase in the broilers growth parameters during the experimental trial. This study recommends cultivation of T. indica L. at commercial scale and intensifying utilization of its extract as a replacement or alternative to synthetic vitamin (probiotics) in broiler production. Improved extension services; and additional research on T. indica L. and other related plant parts as feed additives and their effects on carcass yield are required.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BUDGETED AND ACTUAL SALES PERFORMANCE IN THE DAIRY INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY OF THE DAIRY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION IN NEPAL
Authors: Thapa Anusha , Thapa Santosh , Man Khadka Dekendra
Published: February 2024

The research study was conducted in 2018 to evaluate the budgeted and actual sales performance in the dairy industry, with a specific focus on the Dairy Development Corporation (DDC) in Nepal. The study aimed to assess the achievement of sales targets for various dairy products, including milk, ghee, makhan, curd, cheese, and paneer, as outlined in the budget. By conducting a comparative analysis of financial statements over a nine-year period, the research provided insights into the fluctuations in sales performance for different dairy products. Quantitative research methods were utilized, including data collection from annual reports and data analysis using statistical tools and graphical representations. The collected data was analyzed to gain a better understanding of budgeting and resource allocation practices in the dairy industry. Furthermore, the findings of this study could inform evidence-based strategies for enhancing financial stability and performance not only within the DDC but also within the broader dairy sector in Nepal. The research findings had the potential to guide decision-making processes, enabling stakeholders in the dairy industry to make informed choices regarding budgeting, resource allocation, and sales strategies. By gaining a comprehensive understanding of the sales performance for different dairy products, industry participants could optimize their operations and work towards achieving their sales targets effectively. Overall, this research study provided valuable insights into the budgeted and actual sales performance in the dairy industry, offering a foundation for future studies and evidence-based strategies to enhance financial stability and performance in the DDC and the broader dairy sector in Nepal.
IMPROVEMENT OF PRODUCTION AND REPRODUCTION PERFORMANCES BY SELECTIVE BREEDING IN INDIGENOUS NAKED NECK CHICKEN: A REVIEW
Authors: Devkota Sheela
Published: February 2024

Chicken is an important Livestock Species in Nepal which plays a significant role and provides protein through eggs and meat. The present study evaluates production and reproduction performances of Indigenous Naked neck Chicken through Selective Breeding. The appropriate and advanced trait can be selected by observing different generations of chickens. Initially, the base population (G-0) of birds was maintained in many research works by collecting birds from agroecological zones of Nepal. Laying performance, fertility, hatchability, and hatch weight were evaluated. The three generations of Naked neck chicken need further observations. The overall mean weight of almost all indigenous chicks was on increasing trend from the base population (G0) to the third generation (G3). In comparison within three generations found the third generation with better fertility and hatchability. Selection breeding has proven useful for the improvement of production and reproduction performances. This proves that selection breeding aid in the improvement of the indigenous breed and maintain good quality traits in the future.
Política agraria y política de género en España, 1900-1955
Authors: Ortega Teresa María , Cabezas Vega Laura
Published: February 2024

En la primera mitad del siglo XX el Estado español creó mecanismos que reforzaron y apuntalaron en la agricultura y en el mundo rural un modelo de género basado en la desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres. A partir de diversas fuentes históricas, como documentos normativos, publicaciones estadísticas y prensa de la época, este artículo propone un recorrido amplio por las políticas agrarias desarrolladas en este periodo. El objetivo es demostrar cómo la progresiva implantación del sistema capitalista en el campo español trajo consigo la aplicación de toda una serie de medidas de intervención pública y de reforma social que contribuyeron a crear un modelo ideal de mujer rural basado en su subordinación al varón. Fenómeno que, pese a ser más o menos compartido por los países del arco occidental, tuvo una evolución particular en el caso español. La dictadura franquista, a través de su política autárquica y de colonización, intensificó la presencia del poder político en la agricultura al tiempo que reforzó los roles de género en este sector y en el mundo rural.