bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МЕХАНІЗМИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В ГАЛУЗІ ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГІЇ ВІДПОВІДНО ДО ЗАСАД БІОЕТИКИ
Authors: Терешкевич Г.Т.
Published: April 2022

Одним із ключових напрямів суспільно-правового розвитку України є сфера трансплантології, яка, як і вся медична галузь, переживає етап реформування та пошуку етико-правових рішень стосовно теперішніх викликів науково-технічного прогресу. Трансплантологія – не лише галузь науки, що займається проблемами пересадки органів, тканин чи їх штучних замінників. Для багатьох людей – це остання надія на подальше життя. Органам публічного управління слід приділити особливу увагу цій сфері медицини та регламентувати її діяльність відповідно до засад біоетики. Не вирішеною раніше частиною проблеми трансплантології є врахування засад біоетики у контексті державної політики та можливі напрями розвитку законодавства на її засадах у цій галузі. Пропоноване дослідження ставить завдання перед публічними управлінцями на законодавчому рівні вирішити антропологічні та соціальні проблеми трансплантації відповідно до засад біоетики. Метою статті є аналіз державної політики у вирішенні проблем трансплантології з позиції засад біоетики. Проблема дарування органів викликає міркування щодо змісту і цінності такого рішення. Дія, яка має об’єктом людське тіло, не зупиняється на ньому, а осягає суб’єкт цього тіла, тобто людську особу. Жодна мета не виправдовує прямого знищення фізичного життя, навіть якщо йдеться про життя іншої людини. Інакшою є ситуація, коли йдеться про осягнення більшого добра, такого як виживання особи ціною зменшення лише ефективності чи якості здоров’я іншої людини, що було б етично виправдане і заслуговувало би схвалення силою засади солідарності. У визначенні першочерговості доступу до органів для трансплантації потрібно дотримуватись імунологічної та клінічної оцінки. Критерії призначення дарованих органів не повинні бути підпорядковані логіці дискримінації або утилітарному принципу. Перспективи подальших досліджень полягають у напрацюванні заходів публічними управлінцями щодо удосконалення організації трансплантологічної служби на засадах біоетики.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРУ: МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД
Authors: Харченко Т.О.
Published: April 2022

У статті проведено аналіз міжнародних практик державного регулювання розвитку аграрного сектору. Встановлено динаміку форм та методів регулювання, цільовий вплив яких спрямовується на доходи суб’єктів господарювання, ринкові відносини, безпосередньо сільськогосподарське виробництво, міжгалузеві зв'язки тощо. Державне регулювання розвитку аграрного сектору в Україні реалізується через механізми прямої бюджетної підтримки шляхом субсидіювання та дотування, податкових пільг та регулювання ціноутворення. Серед означених механізмів основним, починаючи з 1998 р., були податкові пільги, при цьому до 2017 р. діяв ще спеціальний режим оподаткування ПДВ у сільському господарстві. Визначено, що безпосередній вплив на результативність державного регулювання розвитку аграрного сектору здійснює стан розвитку економіки, можливості бюджетів, стан законодавчого забезпечення, рівень сформованості пріоритетів галузевого та територіального розвитку. Встановлено, що для України доцільним є часткове використання інструментів різних підходів для формування комплексної моделі, орієнтованої на розширення страхових та фінансово-кредитних інструментів, поглиблення рівня інноваційності виробництва, сталий розвиток сільських територій тощо. Визначено, що за показником PSE (%) найбільший рівень державної підтримки виробників у Японії. Однак рівень державної підтримки зменшився в 2020 р. порівняно з 2000 р. на 26,6%. Аналогічною є тенденція і щодо зменшення рівня державної підтримки виробників аграрного сектору в 2020 р. порівняно з 2000 р. у країнах Європейського Союзу на 36,3%. У межах оцінки рівня державної підтримки виробників аграрного сектору в США підтверджено узагальнену тенденцію щодо скорочення обсягів підтримки в 2020 р. порівняно з 2000 р. майже вдвічі. За результатами оцінки встановлено, що державна підтримка виробників аграрного сектору в Україні є найменшою, характеризується наявністю від’ємних значень протягом досліджуваного періоду та відсутністю сталої тенденції. Підтверджено, що інструменти державного регулювання аграрного сектору економіки України є зіставними з міжнародною практикою регуляторної політики.
Influence of Clinical Pharmacist intervention on the Quality of Life of Anemic Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases in the Hemodialysis Setting in Kirkuk-Iraq.
Authors: Bushra Hassan Marouf  , Intisar Ahmed Yusif  , Raad Hassan Najim
Published: April 2022

Purpose

To assess the impact of pharmacist intervention on the health related quality of life (QoL) among anemic patients with chronic kidney diseases in a hemodialysis center.

 

Methods

A single blind, randomized control study was carried out at the hemodialysis center of Kirkuk Hospital in Kirkuk-Iraq. The patients were randomized into two groups; interventional group received clinical pharmacist services delivered by a qualified registered pharmacist and non-interventional group received usual hospital care and. The pharmacist proposed clinical interventions at the level of patients, drugs, hospital level to improve the patient’s quality of life. The impact of clinical pharmacist’s intervention on improving quality of life of patients was assessed by using the Rand 36-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire. The assessment of the QoL was carried out for both groups for a total of 4-month follow-up; at baseline, day 60 and day 120.

Results

A total number of 120 patients were recruited from the hemodialysis centers and 1437 interventions were applied for interventional group (n=60), 41.4% at the drugs level, 51.1% at the patient level and 7.5% at the hospital and administrative level. The health related QoL scores were significantly improved over time in the domains noticed with regard to the “physical functioning, general health, emotional role” of interventional group compared to the baseline and non-interventional group with conventional hospital care with P <0.05.

Conclusion

 Interventions provided by the pharmacist had a positive impact on QoL of anemic patients in the hemodialysis center of the city.
Lipid Profile Changes in Pregnant Women with Pre-Eclampsia and Their Correlation with Severety of Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Niran Kamel*, Wasan Munim  , Wasan Munim  , Alaa Raheem Kareem  , Mustafa Rasool Hussein Aal-Saleh  , Mohammed Luay Subhi  , Sarah Abdulkareem Ali Al-Dujaili
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To find out whether there is a lipid profile changes in pregnant women with preeclampsia and if we can use these lipid profile changes as markers of the severity of preeclampsia (for follow up to avoid leaving the patient reaching ecplamptic stage).
 
Design: A prospective case-control study.
Setting: AL- Kadhimiya Teaching hospital/department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Materials and Methods: The study included 120 pregnant women in the third trimester. They were divided into three groups. The study group consists of 60 preeclamptic and eclamptic women, 25 women had mild pre-eclampsia and 35 women with severe preeclampsia. The control group consists of 60 normotensive pregnant women. Blood sample was drown after 8-10 hours fasting. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were measured.
Results: Triglyceride and VLDL-C level of severe Preeclampsia group and mild Preeclampsia group was higher than the control group, but the difference between the severe PE group and the control group was statistically significant (p<0.05). Serum cholesterol in the severe PE group was significantly higher than in mild PE group and in the control group (p<0.05). LDL-C and HDL-C levels were determined similarly in all groups (p>0.05). A highly significant positive correlation between the level of proteinuria and serum cholesterol levels, LDL-C, TG and VLDL-C levels. While there was significantly negative correlation between proteinuria and HDL-C levels. Also, a significant positive correlation between the systolic-tension and serum cholesterol levels, TG, VLDL-C levels and among the diastolic-tension and with LDL-C, TG, VLDL-C levels.
Conclusion: Changes in levels of lipid profile are related with preeclampsia, especially with severe preeclampsia.
DEVELOPING AN APPROACH TO DETERMINING THE PROBABILITIES OF INVOLVING OPERATIONAL AND RESCUE DEPARTMENTS TO ELIMINATE EMERGENCY EVENTS
Authors: Rohozin A. , Rosoha V. , Nikitchenko O. , Moroz M. , Zaichenko V.
Published: April 2022

The aim of the work is to develop an approach for assessing the probabilities of operational activities of civil protection units. The existing approaches to modeling operational activities do not fully meet the requirements for the accuracy of assessing the parameters of activities at a low intensity of emergency events. This fact is due to the limited data available for analysis.
The existing regulatory requirements for determining the quantitative composition of subdivisions, taking into account only the number of the population, leads to an unreasonable overestimation of quantitative indicators. It was found that there is a significant unevenness in the level of provision of units with basic equipment, the range of fluctuations for different numbers of the population exceeds 25%.
It was found that the approach to modeling the activities of operational units based on the queuing theory has a significant limitation due to insurmountable difficulties in assessing the parameters of activities with a relatively low intensity of the implementation of threats of various nature in the territory, namely, the impossibility of assessing the parameters of the flow of emergencies with the required accuracy.
The article considers the case when up to three emergency events may occur with the involvement of up to three subdivisions. This case is characterized by nineteen situation. As a result of the conducted research the calculated ratios which allow to estimate probabilities of finding of divisions of civil protection in the course of liquidation of emergency events are received.
The adequacy of the results obtained was verified by comparing the results obtained on the basis of the Markov model and considering the process of responding to emerging emergency events based on queuing. The relative error in the range of low intensity of emergencies does not exceed 2%.
The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of determining quantitative indicators of operational civil protection units in conditions of low intensity of occurrence of emergency events with a higher level of adequacy.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF SANITARY, HYGIENE, SAFETY AND ELECTRICAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Authors: Sierikov Ya. , Shapovalenko D. , Kariuk A. , Sierikova K.
Published: April 2022

The paper considers the problem of improving the quality of service provision and competitiveness of hospitality enterprises. It is defined as one of the main tasks to ensure the proper level of sanitary-hygienic condition, safety and electrical safety at enterprises. The developed structure and algorithm of the complex adaptive system of management of a sanitary-hygienic condition, safety and electrical safety of the hotel and restaurant enterprise, providing safety of vital activity of the personnel and guests is described.
OPTIMIZATION OF PARALLEL LINKS IN REDUNDANT UTILITY STRUCTURES
Authors: Usenko V. , Kodak O. , Nikolaenko V. , Usenko I.
Published: April 2022

The publication states that an important problem in the design, operation and reconstruction of various networks of engineering infrastructure is to determine the reliability of structurally complex systems. Modeling the reliability of technical systems seems to be a rather complex task. It is emphasized that the ways of rational redundancy of a complex structure of systems presuppose the well-known method of minimal paths and connections. The problem of the optimal arrangement of a system with a redundant structure has certain limitations in accordance with the available resources, such as the lower value of the probability of the system's connectivity, which serves as an optimization criterion. The paper investigates a system with identical components. The article discusses many possible forms of the structure of the system. Structural reliability expressions are calculated for all combinations used in determining the lower and upper values ​​of structural reliability. In the process of constructing a redundant structure, it is necessary to determine a variant of its form, which maximizes the value of reliability under the established restrictions on the available resources invested in the construction and operation of the system using the cost parameter for some form of its structure. The peculiarity of the system reliability function is considered when it increases, which has a discrete argument and consists of a number of some functions. In the presented geometric model, a number of operations are used to determine and concretize the requirements for the variants of the forms of the components of the system under study for their different properties, and the forms that do not meet these conditions for the variants of the component in terms of resources are removed. Here the requirements for the probability of connectivity are defined, according to which unsuccessful forms of possible structures of the system are removed. The work uses an algorithm to extract from a set of reasonable options for some options for components by resources. The specified variant of the structure form is assumed to be optimal according to the criteria. If the number of variants of the structure shape is large enough, then to find the optimal solution, another algorithm is used, in which the value of the objective function is checked, which determines the conditions for the probability of connectivity in design decisions. It is noted that in practical application the obtained solutions can be approximate.
ANALISIS DAERAH RAWAN KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS MENGGUNAKAN CLUSTER ANALYSIS DI KOTA BOGOR BERBASIS WEBGIS
Authors: Latifah Lulu Lutfi , Hudjimartsu Sahid Agustian , Yanuarsyah Iksal
Published: April 2022

Kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan suatu permasalahan yang sering terjadi di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia terutama di Kota Bogor. Berdasarkan data kecelakaan lalu lintas yang di peroleh dari Unit Laka Lantas Polresta Kota Bogor mengalami pergerakan yang fluktuatif. Pemanfaatan data kecelakaan juga masih kurang optimal. Hal ini menyebabkan sulitnya untuk mengetahui daerah yang memiliki tingkat kerawanan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut pada Penelitian ini dibuat suatu analisis untuk menentukan daerah rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas dengan memanfaatkan Sistem Informasi Geografis untuk memetakan sebaran lokasi. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis daerah rawan kecelakaan adalah menggunakan Algoritma K-Means Cluster. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menyatakan bahwa tingkat kerawanan paling banyak terjadi dari tahun 2014-2019 berada di kecamatan tanah sareal di ruas jalan K.H. Sholeh Iskandar. Selain itu beberapa kejadian laka terjadi di jalan tikungan, persimpangan jalan, jalur keluar-masuk kendaraan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah peta daerah rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas yang ditampilkan dalam bentuk WebGIS.
PEMETAAN ZONASI TINGKAT RISIKO COVID-19 MENGGUNAKAN METODE K-MEANS CLUSTER BERBASIS WEBGIS DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Andi Irawan  , Hermawan Erwin , Riana Freza
Published: April 2022

Coronaviruses atau disebut dengan COVID-19 merupakan virus yang menyerang sistem pernafasan. Virus ini berkembang sangat pesat dalam penularan dari manusia ke manusia lainnya. Angka penularan di Indonesia terbilang cukup tinggi, salah satu wilayah yang terpapar COVID-19 adalah Kota Bogor. Kota bogor menduduki status beresiko sedang, dimana pada bulan maret tahun 2020 hingga agustus tahun 2021 jumlah kasus positif yang terkonfirmasi sebanyak 35.583 kasus, sedangkan untuk pasien yang terkonfirmasi positif sembuh mencapai 35.062 orang, dan pasien yang terkonfirmasi positif meninggal sebanyak 521 orang. Dari data yang diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bogor dinamika harian virus COVID-19 terus menunjukan peningkatan. Peta sebaran zonasi COVID-19 untuk wilayah Kota Bogor pada tingkat kelurahan masih belum tersedia. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini memanfaatkan sistem informasi geografis (SIG) dalam memetakan zona COVID-19  dengan menerapkan metode Kmeans Cluster untuk mengklasterisasi daerah sebaran virus COVID-19. Pengelompokan dilakukan berdasarkan parameter jumlah kasus positif dan pasien meninggal. Penelitian ini menghasilkan peta zonasi COVID-19. Berdasarkan pengujian, jumlah klaster yang direkomendasikan adalah 3 klaster. Dimana untuk pembagian zonasi berdasarkan Satgas COVID-19 terbagi diantaranya, merah untuk zona tinggi, orange untuk zona sedang, kuning untuk zona rendah, dan wilayah yang tidak terpapar kasus COVID-19 masuk kedalam kategori hijau atau tidak ada kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah peta zonasi COVID-19 yang ditampilkan dalam bentuk WEBGIS.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI PERJALANAN DINAS ONLINE YAYASAN PENDIDIKAN TELKOM
Authors: Gilang Gemilang Ramadhan Putra  , Wahyu Ari Purno
Published: April 2022

Perjalanan Dinas di Yayasan Pendidikan Telkom merupakan salah satu kegiatan perjalanan yang harus dilaksanakan oleh pegawai atas perintah Dewan Pengurus / Pimpinan Tertinggi / Pimpinan Lembaga / Pimpinan Unit yang meliputi perjalanan karena tugas, pelatihan, seminar, konferensi, studi banding, kunjungan kerja, dan perjalanan dinas khusus. Dalam proses operasionalnya, perjalanan Dinas di YPT masih menggunakan surat perjalanan dinas versi cetak untuk mendapatkan persetujuan, perhitungan biaya perjalanan dinasnya dan juga sampai diterimanya uang perjalanan dinas oleh pegawai. Hal tersebut memiliki beberapa kekurangan seperti resiko terjadinya human error dalam perhitungannya. Perlu adanya digitalisasi dari proses tersebut mengingat resiko human error pada pemrosesan secara manual yang cenderung lebih besar daripada secara digital.

Dalam Kerja Praktek ini, penulis membahas perancangan aplikasi Perjalanan Dinas Online di Yayasan Pendidikan Telkom. Dengan perancangan yang baik, implementasi yang sesuai, serta pengujian yang tepat, maka aplikasi perjalanan dinas berbasis website ini diharapkan dapat memberikan dampak yang positif untuk memberikan inovasi baru di Yayasan Pendidikan Telkom. Hal ini menjadi lebih maksimal karena penulis memakai tools yang sesuai dan mendukung. Seperti CodeIgniter, VS Code, PHPMyadmin, dan XAMPP.
Analisis Komparatif Financial Performance BPR dan BPRS Jawa Timur Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Widiyaningtias Amndana , Dura Justita
Published: April 2022

During the COVID-19 epidemic, the financial performance of BPR and BPRS has decreased. The purpose of this study is to compare the financial performance of BPR and BPRS East Java before and moment the Covid-19 outbreak. Loan to deposit ratio (LDR), Return on Assets (ROA), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Operating Expenses to Operating Income (OER), and Non-Performing Loan are all used to measure financial performance (NPL). Quantitative research methods with a comparative approach are applied in this research. Purposive sampling is a sampling technique for this research, including 28 BPRS companies and 271 East Java BPR companies in 2019-2020. Independent sample t-test regression is used to evaluate the data. The findings of this study showed that the variables of financial performance of OER and NPF in BPRS companies did not show significant differences, while the financial performance factors of NPL, ROA, and LDR in BPRS companies showed significant differences. The financial performance factors of ROA, LDR, and NPF in BPR companies are not really different, but the variables of financial performance of NPL and OER in BPR companies differ significantly.
Foreign Direct Investment dan Risiko Politik di ASEAN
Authors: Tanaya Olivia , Kanti Wilujeng Rr. Savina , Putri Radjamin Irzameingindra
Published: April 2022

Political risk is a risk that occurs due to political disturbances in a country that can affect its economy. This risk is one of the risks that investors consider when investing in a country. High political risks can create obstacles that potentially disrupt investors' business operations. This study aims to see the impact of political risk on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the ASEAN region in 1996-2019 using panel data analysis with the best model, namely the fixed effect model (FEM). Sources of data in this study came from the World Governance Indicator (WGI) and World Development Indicator (WDI). The results of this study indicate that political risk as reflected in political stability and regulatory quality has a significant influence on FDI inflows in the ASEAN region. Political instability could make investors reluctant to invest in the country due to the concern about disturbances that will occur in the future. The role of governments in ASEAN countries is needed to maintain political stability and attract more foreign investors to invest in the ASEAN region. In addition, a country needs to have good regulatory quality so that investors do not experience obstacles in the early stages of investment. Complicated licensing and many regulations can be one of the obstacles in investing.
Pengaruh Variabel Internal UMKM terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan
Authors: Safitri Nining Nur , Estiningrum Sri Dwi
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the internal characteristics of SMEs on the quality of financial reporting. This research is a type of quantitative research. This research was conducted in sembung skin crackers, Tulungagung. The participants of this study were all SMEs in the leather cracker industry. To obtain 31 respondents, purposive sampling was conducted. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which were then routed to analysis. The results of this study indicate that the competence of human resources, accounting expertise, and use of technology all have a significant influence on the quality of information. The varying quality of financial reports has no effect on the quality of information. The implications of this research are expected to be a balancing material for SMEs to be able to improve financial reports.
Implementation of CRM Method as a Business Strategy of Jangek Fauzi's Home Industry
Authors: Rizki Muhammad , Anggraeni Dewi , Akmal Akmal
Published: April 2022

:   Home Industry Jangek Fauzi Crackers is a home industry that produces jangek crackers, where the products will be marketed and sold in various places such as shops and stalls. Home Industry Crackers Jangek Fauzi continues to try to expand its target market outside the city. Ordering jangek crackers here is still done manually. To achieve its goal, Jangek Fauzi Cracker Home Industry needs a website. Currently at Home Industry Crackers Jangek Fauzi in making sales reports is still manual using the excel application so that the processing of sales report data is still slow and not detailed. Currently, Jangek Fauzi Crackers Home Industry does not have specific activities or strategies that handle marketing, product marketing is done conventionally by means of customers providing information about places, features and products to other potential customers. Dissemination of ineffective information makes customers not aware of the latest information on the Home Industry of Jangek Fauzi Crackers, thus influencing customers to switch to other factories. With a website using the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) method, the data storage process can be more accurate and neatly stored and the making of sales reports will be fast and timely and the delivery of promotional information will be faster and the response to sales will be faster.
Design and Build Mini Digital Scale using Internet of Things
Authors: Wedha Bayu Yasa , Wedha Alessandro Benito Putra Bayu , Haryono Haryono
Published: April 2022

The weight measurement system is carried out manually using a manual scale. The existing weighing system is still considered inefficient because it takes a long time if it is done repeatedly and there are too many errors in its measurement. To overcome this, an electronic weighing device was designed using the NodeMCU ESP 8266 microcontroller as a controller and a load cell as a sensor. This journal presents the development of electronic weighing indicators for digital measurements. The purpose of this system is to read the measured weight in conventional analog form to digital form, achieving high precision in measurement and calibration. The components used in this research are Load Cell, Load Cell Hx711 amplifier, NodeMCU ESP 8266 microcontroller, and LCD module. In this study, a 4 kg load cell was used. The load cell sends the output signal of the measured mechanical weight to the Hx711 module which amplifies and sends the output to the NodeMCU microcontroller. The microcontroller calibrates the output signal with the help of the load cell amplifier module before sending the converted signal to digital form to the LCD module for display. The developed system has proven that digital electronic weighing systems can be low cost, miniature, discrete, and can take accurate readings without errors
SHEVCHENKO’S VISIONS OF THE IDEAL SOCIETY (BASED ON THE TRIPTYCH “PRAYER”)
Authors: Klochek Hryhorii
Published: April 2022

The author offers the new interpretative version of reading Taras Shevchenko’s triptych “Prayer” (“Molytva”). Based on the memoirs, the process of creating the triptych is shown in detail. Taras Shevchenko created three variants of the poetry in sequence, and each one had the character of a prayer to God with requests to make life happier and social order fairer.

In order to trace the changes, which took place in the evolution of poetic meanings in each new piece of the triptych, to understand their logic and intention, all three poems were analyzed. The poet’s prayer concerns the process of shaping an ideal society on the basis of its internal harmonization. In the first two poems of the cycle, Shevchenko appealed to God with requests of punishment for the exploiters (‘tsars’ and ‘taverners’), and then in the third poetry, he abandoned such radicalism and asked to stop those who do evil things. He believed that social reconciliation could be achieved. The third poetry of the cycle is a complete, final version. We can assume that the previous two poems of the triptych are drafts that have survived thanks to Oleksandr Lazarevskyi, who wrote them down in “Bigger Book”. However, the presence of these “drafts” allows us to trace the creative process of forming a vision of a perfect, internally harmonized social order.

The pathos of the assertion of the universal harmony has acquired a special rise in the last poem of the triptych. The prayer sounded like a hymn glorifying the beauty of society in which social justice, diligence, and education of the people, high morality and love are harmoniously combined. The analysis revealed one of the facets of Taras Shevchenko’s ingenious intellectual insight into the essence of things and phenomena. Several days of literary work in May 1860 ended up with the creation of a prayer for the society of the future, the internal harmony of which is absolute.
Epizootological State of Salmonella-infected Honeybee Colonies in the Southern Region of Azerbaijan
Authors: Gulaliyeva F.
Published: April 2022

In 2020–2021, the number of apiaries and honeybee colonies in villages located in 3 regions of the Masalli district (lowland, foothill and mountainous territories) and the degree of their infection with salmonellae were determined. Salmonellosis is one of the characteristic diseases of honeybee colonies, widespread throughout the Masalli district. Infection of honeybee colonies with salmonellae led to a slowdown in the activity of colony, a decrease in productivity, and even the death of the honeybee colony. As a result of the conducted studies, the epizootological state and the degree of salmonella infection were detected in the lowland (24.1%), foothill (38.0%) and mountainous (45.8%) areas.
Leach Glover, ‘Dancing Master to the Royal Family’, Part Two: Teachers of Dancing
Authors: Goff Moira
Published: April 2022

In 1738, Leach Glover (1697–1763) was appointed as a dancing master to Britain’s royal family. He had been a leading dancer in John Rich’s company for some twenty years, first at Lincoln’s Inn Fields and then at Covent Garden, and would retire from the stage in 1741. This article focusses on Glover’s work as a teacher of dancing, beginning with his training by the French dancer and member of the Paris Académie Royal de Danse Romain Dumirail, and revealing Glover’s later close relationship with him. The article investigates the role of a royal dancing master and discusses the context for Glover’s own appointment. As part of his duties, Glover created the ballroom dance The Princess of Hesse for the marriage of Princess Mary in 1740. The dance was published in notation and is analysed here as a late example of a surviving choreography to celebrate a royal occasion. Glover’s later life and his family connections are also considered for what they can tell us about his status within the society of his time.
Reproductive and contraceptive behavior and health of DSMU students
Authors: Kakvaeva S. S. , Magomedova M. A. , Murtuzalieva U. R. , Kutueva S. D. , Dzhalilova A. N. , Mekhtikhanova Z. A.
Published: April 2022

Purpose of the study. To investigate the state of reproductive and contraceptive behavior and health of undergraduate female students of DSMU.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted at Dagestan State Medical University in 2019–2021 using an anonymous questionnaire survey of 760 female students.

Results. Students in our region quite confidently place health on the first place in the hierarchy of life values, but at the same time, as sociological research shows, they do not take proper measures to preserve and increase this capital. The first place in the structure of somatic pathology is occupied by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. There is a downward trend in the birth rate among the young people of Dagestan.

Conclusion. The peculiarities of the lifestyle of female students are hypodynamia and unhealthy eating habits. Health maintenance and disease prevention are chaotic.
RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI OF POTATO AND ITS MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW
Authors: Kiptoo Judith , Abbas Aqleem , Bhatti Ayesha Munawar , Usman Hafiz Muhammad , Shad Munsif Ali , Umer Muhammad , Atiq Muhammad Nauman , Alam Shariq Mahmood , Ateeq Muhammad , Khan Moman , Peris Nderitu Wangari , Razaq Zarafshan , Anwar Naureen , Iqbal Shehzad
Published: April 2022

Potatoes are an annual and the most cultivated tuberous crop worldwide. Potatoes play an important role to fulfil the world’s basic food requirements because of enriched nutrients and delicious taste. Rhizoctonia solani is the most virulent and widely distributed soil-borne fungus that causes severe yield losses of potatoes globally. Several management practices have been adopted to overcome the yield losses inflicted by this fungus. Biocontrol agents play a significant role as mycoparasites and activate defense mechanisms through disease resistance genes to suppress pathogens. Compost is also applied as a soil amendment that increases soil fertility through the addition of organic matter in soil and nutrients uptake in organic form. Besides, it is a rich source of carbon and nitrogen which can address soil erosion, nutrients and organic matter depletion issues and restores soil fertility by adding organic matter and reducing the incidence of soil-borne pathogens in the soil.  Biochar utilization in the agriculture sector is increasing day by day because of its great potential for disease suppression. Both biochar and compost are used commercially to improve plant growth and suppress potato diseases caused by R. solani. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the symptoms on potatoes, epidemiology and biological characteristics of R. solani and summarized to date control strategies mainly focusing on biological, chemical, biochar and compost approaches.
Estimating Cue Strengths in Oral Production in a Japanese Learner Corpus
Authors: Tanaka Nozomi
Published: April 2022

Word order, case marking, and animacy are cues used to convey and comprehend argument roles in transitive events. Japanese, however, is characterized by flexible word order, null arguments, and case-marker omission. This study analyzes corpus data of interviews between native Japanese speakers and L1-English and L1-Korean learners to examine these characteristics in both input to learners and learners' own production. The relative importance of the three cues is estimated based on their distributional properties using the competition model framework. The findings indicate that animacy was the strongest cue for the native speakers and, when at least one NP was elided, for the learners. However, when both subject and object were present, learners adhered to SOV word order. Case marking was reliable when present but was so frequently omitted that it was not a useful cue, contra previous reports. L1 and proficiency effects are also discussed.
Risk Estimation for Infection in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Development and Validation of a Predictive Score
Authors: Liu Yuanhui , Wang Litao , Chen Pengyuan , Dai Yining , Lin Yaowang , Chen Wei , Xu Zhengrong , Zeng Lihuan , Fan Hualin , Xue Ling , Liu Simin , Chen Jiyan , Tan Ning , He Pengcheng , Duan Chongyang
Published: April 2022

Background

Infection during hospitalization is a serious complication among patients who suffered from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, there are no suitable and accurate means to assess risk. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple scoring system to predict post-AMI infection in such patients.

Methods

All patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing PCI consecutively enrolled from January 2010 to May 2016 were served as derivation cohort, and those from June 2016 to May 2018 as validation cohort, respectively. The primary endpoint was post-AMI infection during hospitalization, and all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were considered as secondary endpoints. The simplified risk model was established using logistic regression. The area under the receiver operating curve and calibration of predicted and observed infection risk were calculated.

Results

A 24-point risk score was developed, with infection risk ranging from 0.7 to 99.6% for patients with the lowest and highest score. Seven variables including age, Killip classification, insulin use, white blood cell count, serum albumin, diuretic use, and transfemoral approach were included. This model achieved the same high discrimination in the development and validation cohort (C-statistic:0.851) and revealed adequate calibration in both datasets. The incidences of post-AMI infection increased steadily across risk score groups in both development (1.3, 5.1, 26.3, and 69.1%; P < 0.001) and validation (1.8, 5.9, 27.2, and 79.2%; P < 0.001) cohort. Moreover, the risk score demonstrated good performance for infection, in-hospital all-cause death, and MACE among these patients, as well as in patients with the non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.

Conclusion

This present risk score established a simple bedside tool to estimate the risk of developing infection and other in-hospital outcomes in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI. Clinicians can use this risk score to evaluate the infection risk and subsequently make evidence-based decisions.
The Spectrum of B Cell Functions in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Smeets Diede , Gisterå Anton , Malin Stephen G. , Tsiantoulas Dimitrios
Published: April 2022

B cells are a core element of the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Multiple experimental and epidemiological studies have revealed both protective and deleterious functions of B cells in atherosclerotic plaque formation. The spearhead property of B cells that influences the development of atherosclerosis is their unique ability to produce and secrete high amounts of antigen-specific antibodies that can act at distant sites. Exposure to an atherogenic milieu impacts B cell homeostasis, cell differentiation and antibody production. However, it is not clear whether B cell responses in atherosclerosis are instructed by atherosclerosis-specific antigens (ASA). Dissecting the full spectrum of the B cell properties in atherosclerosis will pave the way for designing innovative therapies against the devastating consequences of ASCVD.
Ecosystem Services and Human Wellbeing-Based Approaches Can Help Transform Our Economies
Authors: Sangha Kamaljit K. , Gordon Iain J. , Costanza Robert
Published: April 2022

Despite wider recognition of human interdependence with the rest of nature, our economies continue to fail to adequately value ecosystem services. This failure is largely attributed to the economic frameworks and related measures that focus on the production and consumption of marketed goods and services, but do not consider the other essential elements upon which our lives depend. This paper highlights how the Ecosystem Services approach can shift the focus to human wellbeing while remaining within biophysical planetary boundaries. An Ecosystem Services approach applies three fundamental principles of Ecological Economics: sustainable scale, efficient allocation, and fair distribution, which are vital for sustainable economies and societies. We provide case studies, from both a local and national scale, demonstrating how such an approach offers a holistic perspective of understanding what “development” actually means. Transforming our economies to appropriately consider planetary limits, overcome societal addictions, learn from Indigenous and local communities about ways of sustainable living, and realizing the importance of ecosystem services will contribute to developing economies that are resilient, and that enhance sustainable human wellbeing.
Case Report: Idiopathic Subcutaneous Thrombotic Vasculopathy
Authors: Godbe Kerilyn , Elver Ashlie , Chow Peter , Williams Chris , Fraga Garth , Harris Penelope , Taha Mohammed , Bhavsar Dhaval , Korentager Richard
Published: April 2022

Lower extremity ulcers have significant morbidity, with treatment determined by the underlying disorder. Reported is a 32-year-old female presenting with small skin nodules and bruises across her legs 4 weeks following her second COVID vaccination. These lesions progressed into large, necrotic ulcers over several months. Initial work-up showed widespread pannicular thrombotic vasculopathy with ischemic skin necrosis. The tissue was negative for calcification on Von Kossa histochemistry, and a working diagnosis of subcutaneous thrombotic vasculopathy was suggested. The ulcers progressed despite treatments with corticosteroids, therapeutic anticoagulation, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, sodium thiosulfate, wound care, and repeat debridement. Later debridement specimens demonstrated rare vascular and pannicular calcifications. This finding supports the hypothesis that subcutaneous thrombotic vasculopathy is a precursor to calciphylaxis, the patient’s current working diagnosis. However, based on the patient’s entire clinical picture, a definitive diagnosis has yet to be found. This report highlights the challenges of working with rare diseases and the importance of multidisciplinary cooperation.
Regulatory Approval With Real-World Data From Regulatory Science Perspective in Japan
Authors: Maeda Hideki , Ng Daniel Bin
Published: April 2022

Recently, there has been a growing trend in clinical development to utilize real-world data (RWD) to improve the efficiency of drug/medical device development. Especially, the use of RWD to generate real-world evidence (RWE) in regulatory approval is currently undergoing a period of great change with an increasing degree of active discussion. In Japan, RWE has been used in the control arms of clinical trials, observational studies, post-marketing surveillance, and public knowledge-based applications for regulatory approval. However, the exclusive use of RWE applications has still not been applied. In this paper, we summarize the history and the current situation of RWE and focus on the utilization for the purpose of regulatory approval. In addition, we will discuss the issues and perspectives for registry research in the utilization for regulatory approval in Japan.
Structure–Activity Predictions From Computational Mining of Protein Databases to Assist Modular Design of Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Feurstein Claudia , Meyer Vera , Jung Sascha
Published: April 2022

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally produced by pro- and eukaryotes and are promising alternatives to antibiotics to fight multidrug-resistant microorganisms. However, despite thousands of AMP entries in respective databases, predictions about their structure–activity relationships are still limited. Similarly, common or dissimilar properties of AMPs that have evolved in different taxonomic groups are nearly unknown. We leveraged data entries for 10,987 peptides currently listed in the three antimicrobial peptide databases APD, DRAMP and DBAASP to aid structure–activity predictions. However, this number reduced to 3,828 AMPs that we could use for computational analyses, due to our stringent quality control criteria. The analysis uncovered a strong bias towards AMPs isolated from amphibians (1,391), whereas only 35 AMPs originate from fungi (0.9%), hindering evolutionary analyses on the origin and phylogenetic relationship of AMPs. The majority (62%) of the 3,828 AMPs consists of less than 40 amino acids but with a molecular weight higher than 2.5 kDa, has a net positive charge and shares a hydrophobic character. They are enriched in glycine, lysine and cysteine but are depleted in glutamate, aspartate and methionine when compared with a peptide set of the same size randomly selected from the UniProt database. The AMPs that deviate from this pattern (38%) can be found in different taxonomic groups, in particular in Gram-negative bacteria. Remarkably, the γ-core motif claimed so far as a unifying structural signature in cysteine-stabilised AMPs is absent in nearly 90% of the peptides, questioning its relevance as a prerequisite for antimicrobial activity. The disclosure of AMPs pattern and their variation in producing organism groups extends our knowledge of the structural diversity of AMPs and will assist future peptide screens in unexplored microorganisms. Structural design of peptide antibiotic drugs will benefit using natural AMPs as lead compounds. However, a reliable and statistically balanced database is missing which leads to a large knowledge gap in the AMP field. Thus, thorough evaluation of the available data, mitigation of biases and standardised experimental setups need to be implemented to leverage the full potential of AMPs for drug development programmes in the clinics and agriculture.
Preparation of Linalool/Polycaprolactone Coaxial Electrospinning Film and Application in Preserving Salmon Slices
Authors: Li Tingting , Zhang Xinghui , Mei Jialin , Cui Fangchao , Wang Dangfeng , Li Jianrong
Published: April 2022

A linalool/polycaprolactone (LL/PCL) antibacterial film was prepared by using a coaxial electrospinning process, and its physical and chemical properties were characterized. The antibacterial film was formed into an active antibacterial gasket, and its effect on salmon preservation was analyzed. The results show that the LL/PCL nanofiber membrane had a well-developed microstructure, and the fiber surface was smooth and uniform. The diameter of the fibers in the PCL membrane without the core material (linalool) was 113.92 ± 23.74 nm. In contrast, the diameter of the coaxial nanofiber membrane with linalool increased, and the diameter of the LL/PCL membranes with 20% and 40% linalool was 220.62 ± 44.01 and 232.22 ± 56.27 nm, respectively. The hydrophobicity and water vapor permeability were enhanced, whereas the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased slightly, while the thermal stability did not differ significantly with the incorporation of linalool. Analysis of the sustained release of linalool showed that the LL/PCL coaxial fiber membranes could release linalool into the reaction system for a long time. The LL/PCL nanofiber film was used to create an antibacterial active gasket for salmon preservation experiments. Sensory evaluation and analyses of the total bacterial count, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), pH, texture (hardness, elasticity, chewiness, and viscoelasticity), water distribution change, and aroma using an electronic nose were used to determine the quality of salmon. It was found that food-grade tinfoil and the PCL gasket had no significant effect on the freshness of salmon, while the active antibacterial gasket samples containing linalool could decrease the rate of decay salmon and effectively prolong the shelf-life of salmon by releasing linalool.
Causative Classification of Ischemic Stroke by the Machine Learning Algorithm Random Forests
Authors: Wang Jianan , Gong Xiaoxian , Chen Hongfang , Zhong Wansi , Chen Yi , Zhou Ying , Zhang Wenhua , He Yaode , Lou Min
Published: April 2022

Background

Prognosis, recurrence rate, and secondary prevention strategies differ by different etiologies in acute ischemic stroke. However, identifying its cause is challenging.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a model to identify the cause of stroke using machine learning (ML) methods and test its accuracy.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who had determined etiology defined by the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) from CASE-II (NCT04487340) to train and evaluate six ML models, namely, Random Forests (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Ada Boosting, Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), for the detection of cardioembolism (CE), large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), and small-artery occlusion (SAO). Between October 2016 and April 2020, patients were enrolled consecutively for algorithm development (phase one). Between June 2020 and December 2020, patients were enrolled consecutively in a test set for algorithm test (phase two). Area under the curve (AUC), precision, recall, accuracy, and F1 score were calculated for the prediction model.

Results

Finally, a total of 18,209 patients were enrolled in phase one, including 13,590 patients (i.e., 6,089 CE, 4,539 LAA, and 2,962 SAO) in the model, and a total of 3,688 patients were enrolled in phase two, including 3,070 patients (i.e., 1,103 CE, 1,269 LAA, and 698 SAO) in the model. Among the six models, the best models were RF, XGBoost, and GBM, and we chose the RF model as our final model. Based on the test set, the AUC values of the RF model to predict CE, LAA, and SAO were 0.981 (95%CI, 0.978–0.986), 0.919 (95%CI, 0.911–0.928), and 0.918 (95%CI, 0.908–0.927), respectively. The most important items to identify CE, LAA, and SAO were atrial fibrillation and degree of stenosis of intracranial arteries.

Conclusion

The proposed RF model could be a useful diagnostic tool to help neurologists categorize etiologies of stroke.

Clinical Trial Registration

[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT01274117].