bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary care REFerral for EchocaRdiogram (REFER) in heart failure: a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Taylor Clare J , Roalfe Andrea K , Iles Rachel , Hobbs FD Richard ,   The REFER investigators, Barton P , Deeks J , McCahon D , Cowie MR , Sutton G , Davis RC , Mant J , McDonagh T , Tait L
Published: December 2016

Background

Symptoms of breathlessness, fatigue, and ankle swelling are common in general practice but deciding which patients are likely to have heart failure is challenging.

Aim

To evaluate the performance of a clinical decision rule (CDR), with or without N-Terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) assay, for identifying heart failure.

Design and setting

Prospective, observational, diagnostic validation study of patients aged >55 years, presenting with shortness of breath, lethargy, or ankle oedema, from 28 general practices in England.

Method

The outcome was test performance of the CDR and natriuretic peptide test in determining a diagnosis of heart failure. The reference standard was an expert consensus panel of three cardiologists.

Results

Three hundred and four participants were recruited, with 104 (34.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 28.9 to 39.8) having a confirmed diagnosis of heart failure. The CDR+NT-proBNP had a sensitivity of 90.4% (95% CI = 83.0 to 95.3) and specificity 45.5% (95% CI = 38.5 to 52.7). NT-proBNP level alone with a cut-off <400 pg/ml had sensitivity 76.9% (95% CI = 67.6 to 84.6) and specificity 91.5% (95% CI = 86.7 to 95.0). At the lower cut-off of NT-proBNP <125 pg/ml, sensitivity was 94.2% (95% CI = 87.9 to 97.9) and specificity 49.0% (95% CI = 41.9 to 56.1).

Conclusion

At the low threshold of NT-proBNP <125 pg/ml, natriuretic peptide testing alone was better than a validated CDR+NT-proBNP in determining which patients presenting with symptoms went on to have a diagnosis of heart failure. The higher NT-proBNP threshold of 400 pg/ml may mean more than one in five patients with heart failure are not appropriately referred. Guideline natriuretic peptide thresholds may need to be revised.
Towards the development of continuous, organocatalytic, and stereoselective reactions in deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Brenna Davide , Massolo Elisabetta , Puglisi Alessandra , Rossi Sergio , Celentano Giuseppe , Benaglia Maurizio , Capriati Vito
Published: December 2016

Different deep eutectic solvent (DES) mixtures were studied as reaction media for the continuous synthesis of enantiomerically enriched products by testing different experimental set-ups. L-Proline-catalysed cross-aldol reactions were efficiently performed in continuo, with high yield (99%), anti-stereoselectivity, and enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee). Moreover, using two different DES mixtures, the diastereoselectivity of the process could be tuned, thereby leading to the formation, under different experimental conditions, to both the syn- and the anti-isomer with very high enantioselectivity. The excess of cyclohexanone was recovered and reused, and the reaction could be run and the product isolated without the use of any organic solvent by a proper choice of DES components. The dramatic influence of the reaction media on the reaction rate and stereoselectivity of the process suggests that the intimate architecture of DESs deeply influences the reactivity of different species involved in the catalytic cycle.
A SEARCH FOR MASS LOSS ON THE CEPHEID INSTABILITY STRIP USING H i 21 cm LINE OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Matthews L. D. , Marengo M. , Evans N. R.
Published: December 2016

We present the results of a search for H i 21 cm line emission from the circumstellar environments of four Galactic Cepheids (RS Pup, X Cyg, ζ Gem, and T Mon) based on observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. The observations were aimed at detecting gas associated with previous or ongoing mass loss. Near the long-period Cepheid T Mon, we report the detection of a partial shell-like structure whose properties appear consistent with originating from an earlier epoch of Cepheid mass loss. At the distance of T Mon, the nebula would have a mass (H i+He) of 

, or ∼6% of the stellar mass. Assuming that one-third of the nebular mass comprises swept-up interstellar gas, we estimate an implied mass-loss rate of

yr−1. No clear signatures of circumstellar emission were found toward ζ Gem, RS Pup, or X Cyg, although in each case, line-of-sight confusion compromised portions of the spectral band. For the undetected stars, we derive model-dependent

upper limits on the mass-loss rates, averaged over their lifetimes on the instability strip, of

yr−1 and estimate the total amount of mass lost to be less than a few percent of the stellar mass.
JUPITER’S PHASE VARIATIONS FROM CASSINI: A TESTBED FOR FUTURE DIRECT-IMAGING MISSIONS
Authors: Mayorga L. C. , Jackiewicz J. , Rages K. , West R. A. , Knowles B. , Lewis N. , Marley M. S.
Published: December 2016

We present empirical phase curves of Jupiter from ∼0° to 140° as measured in multiple optical bandpasses by Cassini/Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS) during the Millennium flyby of Jupiter in late 2000 to early 2001. Phase curves are of interest for studying the energy balance of Jupiter and understanding the scattering behavior of the planet as an exoplanet analog. We find that Jupiter is significantly darker at partial phases than an idealized Lambertian planet by roughly 25% and is not well fit by Jupiter-like exoplanet atmospheric models across all wavelengths. We provide analytic fits to Jupiter’s phase function in several Cassini/ISS imaging filter bandpasses. In addition, these observations show that Jupiter’s color is more variable with phase angle than predicted by models. Therefore, the color of even a near Jupiter-twin planet observed at a partial phase cannot be assumed to be comparable to that of Jupiter at full phase. We discuss how the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope and other future direct-imaging missions can enhance the study of cool giants.
TWO COLOR POPULATIONS OF KUIPER BELT AND CENTAUR OBJECTS AND THE SMALLER ORBITAL INCLINATIONS OF RED CENTAUR OBJECTS
Authors: Tegler S. C. , Romanishin W. , Consolmagno, S. J. G. J.
Published: December 2016

We present new optical colors for 28 Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) and 35 Centaur objects measured with the 1.8 m Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope and the 4.3 m Discovery Channel Telescope. By combining these new colors with our previously published colors, we increase the sample size of our survey to 154 objects. Our survey is unique in that the uncertainties in our color measurements are less than half the uncertainties in the color measurements reported by other researchers in the literature. Small uncertainties are essential for discerning between a unimodal and a bimodal distribution of colors for these objects as well as detecting correlations between colors and orbital elements. From our survey, it appears red Centaurs have a broader color distribution than gray Centaurs. We find red Centaurs have a smaller orbital inclination angle distribution than gray Centaurs at the 99.3% confidence level. Furthermore, we find that our entire sample of KBOs and Centaurs exhibits bimodal colors at the

confidence level. KBOs and Centaurs with H

V
> 7.0 have bimodal colors at the 99.96% confidence level and KBOs with H

V
< 6.0 have bimodal colors at the 96% confidence level.
ARE THERE MOONLETS NEAR THE URANIAN α AND β RINGS?
Authors: Chancia R. O. , Hedman M. M.
Published: December 2016

The Voyager 2 Radio Science Subsystem occultations of the Uranian α and β rings exhibit quasi-periodic optical depth variations with radial wavelengths that vary with longitude. These patterns may be wakes from small moonlets orbiting exterior to these rings. Based on the observed structures in the rings, we estimate that the moonlets would need to be located ∼100 km exterior to the rings’ semimajor axes (

km for α and

km for β) and be 2–7 km in radius. Such moonlets could help keep the rings confined. Due to their small radii and presumed low albedo, the expected brightness of these moonlets is on the order of the noise in Voyager 2 images.
OSSOS. IV. DISCOVERY OF A DWARF PLANET CANDIDATE IN THE 9:2 RESONANCE WITH NEPTUNE
Authors: Bannister Michele T. , Alexandersen Mike , Benecchi Susan D. , Chen Ying-Tung , Delsanti Audrey , Fraser Wesley C. , Gladman Brett J. , Granvik Mikael , Grundy Will M. , Guilbert-Lepoutre Aurélie , Gwyn Stephen D. J. , Ip Wing-Huen , Jakubik Marian , Jones R. Lynne , Kaib Nathan , Kavelaars J. J. , Lacerda Pedro , Lawler Samantha , Lehner Matthew J. , Lin Hsing Wen , Lykawka Patryk Sofia , Marsset Michael , Murray-Clay Ruth , Noll Keith S. , Parker Alex , Petit Jean-Marc , Pike Rosemary E. , Rousselot Philippe , Schwamb Megan E. , Shankman Cory , Veres Peter , Vernazza Pierre , Volk Kathryn , Wang Shiang-Yu , Weryk Robert
Published: December 2016

We report the discovery and orbit of a new dwarf planet candidate, 2015 RR245, by the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS). The orbit of 2015 RR245 is eccentric (e = 0.586), with a semimajor axis near 82 au, yielding a perihelion distance of 34 au. 2015 RR245 has

and absolute magnitude

for an assumed albedo of p

V
 = 12%, the object has a diameter of ∼670 km. Based on astrometric measurements from OSSOS and Pan-STARRS1, we find that 2015 RR245 is securely trapped on ten-megayear timescales in the 9:2 mean-motion resonance with Neptune. It is the first trans-Neptunian object (TNO) identified in this resonance. On hundred-megayear timescales, particles in 2015 RR245-like orbits depart and sometimes return to the resonance, indicating that 2015 RR245 likely forms part of the long-lived metastable population of distant TNOs that drift between resonance sticking and actively scattering via gravitational encounters with Neptune. The discovery of a 9:2 TNO stresses the role of resonances in the long-term evolution of objects in the scattering disk and reinforces the view that distant resonances are heavily populated in the current solar system. This object further motivates detailed modeling of the transient sticking population.
ORBITS, DISTANCE, AND STELLAR MASSES OF THE MASSIVE TRIPLE STAR σ ORIONIS
Authors: Schaefer G. H. , Hummel C. A. , Gies D. R. , Zavala R. T. , Monnier J. D. , Walter F. M. , Turner N. H. , Baron F. , Brummelaar T. ten , Che X. , Farrington C. D. , Kraus S. , Sturmann J. , Sturmann L.
Published: December 2016

We present interferometric observations of the σ Orionis triple system using the CHARA Array, NPOI, and VLTI. Using these measurements, we spatially resolve the orbit of the close spectroscopic binary (Aa,Ab) for the first time and present a revised orbit for the wide pair (A,B). Combining the visual orbits with previously published radial velocity measurements and new radial velocities measured at CTIO, we derive dynamical masses for the three massive stars in the system of

 = 16.99 ± 0.20

,

 = 12.81 ± 0.18

, and

 = 11.5 ± 1.2

. The inner and outer orbits in the triple are not coplanar, with a relative inclination of

–127

. The orbital parallax provides a precise distance of 387.5 ± 1.3 pc to the system. This is a significant improvement over previous estimates of the distance to the young σ Orionis cluster.
ALMA HCN AND HCO+ J = 3 − 2 OBSERVATIONS OF OPTICAL SEYFERT AND LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES: CONFIRMATION OF ELEVATED HCN-TO-HCO+ FLUX RATIOS IN AGNS
Authors: Imanishi (今西昌俊) Masatoshi , Nakanishi (中西康一郎) Kouichiro , Izumi (泉拓磨) Takuma
Published: December 2016

We present the results of our ALMA observations of three active galactic nucleus (AGN)-dominated nuclei in optical Seyfert 1 galaxies (NGC 7469, I Zw 1, and IC 4329 A) and eleven luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) with various levels of infrared estimated energetic contributions by AGNs at the HCN and HCO+
J = 3 − 2 emission lines. The HCN and HCO+
J = 3 − 2 emission lines are clearly detected at the main nuclei of all sources, except for IC 4329 A. The vibrationally excited (v
2 = 1f) HCN J = 3 − 2 and HCO+
J = 3 − 2 emission lines are simultaneously covered, and HCN v
2 = 1f J = 3 − 2 emission line signatures are seen in the main nuclei of two LIRGs, IRAS 12112+0305 and IRAS 22491–1808, neither of which shows clear buried AGN signatures in the infrared. If the vibrational excitation is dominated by infrared radiative pumping, through the absorption of infrared 14 μm photons, primarily originating from AGN-heated hot dust emission, then these two LIRGs may contain infrared-elusive, but (sub)millimeter-detectable, extremely deeply buried AGNs. These vibrationally excited emission lines are not detected in the three AGN-dominated optical Seyfert 1 nuclei. However, the observed HCN v
2 = 1f to v = 0 flux ratios in these optical Seyferts are still consistent with the intrinsic flux ratios in LIRGs with detectable HCN v
2 = 1f emission lines. The observed HCN-to-HCO+
J = 3 − 2 flux ratios tend to be higher in galactic nuclei with luminous AGN signatures compared with starburst-dominated regions, as previously seen at J = 1 − 0 and J = 4 − 3.
BVRI PHOTOMETRIC 2015 WD ANALYSIS OF THE SOUTHERN TOTALLY ECLIPSING, SOLAR-TYPE, SHALLOW-CONTACT W UMA BINARY, DD INDUS
Authors: Samec Ronald G. , Norris Cody L. , Hamme Walter Van , Faulkner Danny R. , Hill Robert L.
Published: December 2016

Observations and a 2015 Wilson–Devinney Program analysis are undertaken for the first precision observations of DD Indi. DD Indi is of solar-type (T
1 ∼ 5750 K) and was determined to be a shallow-contact eclipsing binary. It was observed from 2013 June through September at Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory in remote mode. The 24 inch Boller and Chivens reflector, now under management by The Southeastern Association for Resarch in Astronomomy (SARA) was used. Five new eclipse timings were obtained, for three primary and two secondary eclipses. Seven more eclipse timings were calculated from All Sky Automated Survey data. A possibly increasing period was found from all available eclipse timings with a 5 ± 2 × 10−11 × E
2 quadratic term. A BVR
c
I
c simultaneous synthetic light-curve analysis reveals that the system has a mass ratio of ∼0.46, a ∼ 140 K component temperature difference, and two weak cool spots. The Roche Lobe fill-out of this W-type binary is only ∼11%, and an inclination of ∼86° was determined. A time of constant light of ∼16 minutes is measured around phase zero. More detail is included in this report.
OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON FIRST-STAR NUCLEOSYNTHESIS. I. EVIDENCE FOR MULTIPLE PROGENITORS OF CEMP-NO STARS
Authors: Yoon Jinmi , Beers Timothy C. , Placco Vinicius M. , Rasmussen Kaitlin C. , Carollo Daniela , He Siyu , Hansen Terese T. , Roederer Ian U. , Zeanah Jeff
Published: December 2016

We investigate anew the distribution of absolute carbon abundance, A(C) = log ϵ(C), for carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars in the halo of the Milky Way, based on high-resolution spectroscopic data for a total sample of 305 CEMP stars. The sample includes 147 CEMP-s (and CEMP-r/s) stars, 127 CEMP-no stars, and 31 CEMP stars that are unclassified, based on the currently employed [Ba/Fe] criterion. We confirm previous claims that the distribution of A(C) for CEMP stars is (at least) bimodal, with newly determined peaks centered on A(C) = 7.96 (the high-C region) and A(C) = 6.28 (the low-C region). A very high fraction of CEMP-s (and CEMP-r/s) stars belongs to the high-C region, while the great majority of CEMP-no stars resides in the low-C region. However, there exists complexity in the morphology of the A(C)-[Fe/H] space for the CEMP-no stars, a first indication that more than one class of first-generation stellar progenitors may be required to account for their observed abundances. The two groups of CEMP-no stars we identify exhibit clearly different locations in the A(Na)-A(C) and A(Mg)-A(C) spaces, also suggesting multiple progenitors. The clear distinction in A(C) between the CEMP-s (and CEMP-r/s) stars and the CEMP-no stars appears to be as successful, and likely more astrophysically fundamental, for the separation of these sub-classes as the previously recommended criterion based on [Ba/Fe] (and [Ba/Eu]) abundance ratios. This result opens the window for its application to present and future large-scale low- and medium-resolution spectroscopic surveys.
OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON FIRST-STAR NUCLEOSYNTHESIS. II. SPECTROSCOPY OF AN ULTRA METAL-POOR CEMP-no STAR*
Authors: Placco Vinicius M. , Frebel Anna , Beers Timothy C. , Yoon Jinmi , Chiti Anirudh , Heger Alexander , Chan Conrad , Casey Andrew R. , Christlieb Norbert
Published: December 2016

We report on the first high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of HE 0020–1741, a bright (V = 12.9), ultra metal-poor (

= −4.1), carbon-enhanced (

= +1.7) star selected from the Hamburg/ESO Survey. This star exhibits low abundances of neutron-capture elements (

= −1.1) and an absolute carbon abundance A(C) = 6.1; based on either criterion, HE 0020–1741 is subclassified as a carbon-enhanced metal-poor star without enhancements in neutron-capture elements (CEMP-no). We show that the light-element abundance pattern of HE 0020–1741 is consistent with predicted yields from a massive (M =

), primordial-composition, supernova (SN) progenitor. We also compare the abundance patterns of other ultra metal-poor stars from the literature with available measures of C, N, Na, Mg, and Fe abundances with an extensive grid of SN models (covering the mass range

), in order to probe the nature of their likely stellar progenitors. Our results suggest that at least two classes of progenitors are required at

, as the abundance patterns for more than half of the sample studied in this work (7 out of 12 stars) cannot be easily reproduced by the predicted yields.
THE SCALING RELATIONS AND STAR FORMATION LAWS OF MINI-STARBURST COMPLEXES
Authors: Nguyễn-Lu’o’ng Quang , Nguyễn Hans V. V. , Motte Fredérique , Schneider Nicola , Fujii Michiko , Louvet Fabien , Hill Tracey , Sanhueza Patricio , Chibueze James O. , Didelon Pierre
Published: December 2016

The scaling relations and star formation laws for molecular cloud complexes (MCCs) in the Milky Way are investigated. MCCs are mostly large (R > 50 pc), massive (∼106 

) gravitationally unbound cloud structures. We compare their masses

, mass surface densities

, radii R, velocity dispersions σ, star formation rates (SFRs), and SFR densities

with those of structures ranging from cores, clumps, and giant molecular clouds, to MCCs, and galaxies, spanning eight orders of magnitudes in size and 13 orders of magnitudes in mass. This results in the following universal relations:

Variations in the slopes and coefficients of these relations are found at individual scales, signifying different physics acting at different scales. Additionally, there are breaks at the MCC scale in the

relation and between starburst and normal star-forming objects in the

and

–

relations. Therefore, we propose to use the Schmidt–Kennicutt diagram to distinguish starburst from normal star-forming structures by applying a

threshold of ∼100

pc−2 and a

threshold of 1

yr−1 kpc−2. Mini-starburst complexes are gravitationally unbound MCCs that have enhanced

(>1

yr−1 kpc−2), probably caused by dynamic events such as radiation pressure, colliding flows, or spiral arm gravitational instability. Because of dynamical evolution, gravitational boundedness does not play a significant role in regulating the star formation activity of MCCs, especially the mini-starburst complexes, which leads to the dynamical formation of massive stars and clusters. We emphasize the importance of understanding mini-starbursts in investigating the physics of starburst galaxies.
STRONG-LENSING ANALYSIS OF THE POWERFUL LENSING CLUSTER MACS J2135.2-0102 (z = 0.33)
Authors: Zitrin Adi , Broadhurst Tom
Published: December 2016

We present a light-traces-mass (LTM) strong-lensing model of the massive lensing cluster MACS J2135.2-0102 (z = 0.33; hereafter MACS2135), known in part for hosting the cosmic eye galaxy lens. MACS2135 is also known to multiply lens a z = 2.3 sub-millimeter galaxy near the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG), as well as a prominent, triply imaged system at a large radius of ∼37″ south of the BCG. We use the latest available Hubble imaging to construct an accurate lensing model for this cluster, identifying six new multiply imaged systems with the guidance of our LTM method, so that we have roughly quadrupled the number of lensing constraints. We determine that MACS2135 is among the top lensing clusters known, comparable in size to the Hubble Frontier Fields. For a source at

, we find an effective Einstein radius of

, enclosing

. We make our lens model, including mass and magnification maps, publicly available, in anticipation of searches for high-z galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope, for which this cluster is a compelling target.
ASTROSAT/LAXPC REVEALS THE HIGH-ENERGY VARIABILITY OF GRS 1915+105 IN THE χ CLASS
Authors: Yadav J S , Misra Ranjeev , Chauhan Jai Verdhan , Agrawal P C , Antia H M , Pahari Mayukh , Dedhia Dhiraj , Katoch Tilak , Madhwani P. , Manchanda R K , Paul B , Shah Parag , Ishwara-Chandra C H
Published: December 2016

We present the first quick look analysis of data from nine AstroSat's Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) observations of GRS 1915+105 during 2016 March when the source had the characteristics of being in the Radio-quiet χ class. We find that a simple empirical model of a disk blackbody emission, with Comptonization and a broad Gaussian Iron line can fit the time-averaged 3–80 keV spectrum with a systematic uncertainty of 1.5% and a background flux uncertainty of 4%. A simple dead time corrected Poisson noise level spectrum matches well with the observed high-frequency power spectra till 50 kHz and as expected the data show no significant high-frequency (

) features. Energy dependent power spectra reveal a strong low-frequency (2–8 Hz) quasi-periodic oscillation and its harmonic along with broadband noise. The QPO frequency changes rapidly with flux (nearly 4 Hz in ∼5 hr). With increasing QPO frequency, an excess noise component appears significantly in the high-energy regime (

keV). At the QPO frequencies, the time-lag as a function of energy has a non-monotonic behavior such that the lags decrease with energy till about 15–20 keV and then increase for higher energies. These first-look results benchmark the performance of LAXPC at high energies and confirms that its data can be used for more sophisticated analysis such as flux or frequency-resolved spectro-timing studies.
A COMPREHENSIVE SEARCH FOR STELLAR BOWSHOCK NEBULAE IN THE MILKY WAY: A CATALOG OF 709 MID-INFRARED SELECTED CANDIDATES
Authors: Kobulnicky Henry A. , Chick William T. , Schurhammer Danielle P. , Andrews Julian E. , Povich Matthew S. , Munari Stephan A. , Olivier Grace M. , Sorber Rebecca L. , Wernke Heather N. , Dale Daniel A. , Dixon Don M.
Published: December 2016

We identify 709 arc-shaped mid-infrared nebula in 24 μm Spitzer Space Telescope or 22 μm Wide Field Infrared Explorer surveys of the Galactic Plane as probable dusty interstellar bowshocks powered by early-type stars. About 20% are visible at 8 μm or at shorter mid-infrared wavelengths. The vast majority (660) have no previous identification in the literature. These extended infrared sources are strongly concentrated near the Galactic mid-plane, with an angular scale height of ∼0.°6. All host a symmetrically placed star implicated as the source of a stellar wind sweeping up interstellar material. These are candidate “runaway” stars potentially having high velocities in the reference frame of the local medium. Among the 286 objects with measured proper motions, we find an unambiguous excess with velocity vectors aligned with the infrared morphology—kinematic evidence that many of these are “runaway” stars with large peculiar motions responsible for the bowshock signature. We discuss a population of “in situ” bowshocks (∼103 objects) that face giant H ii regions where the relative motions between the star and ISM may be caused by bulk outflows from an overpressured bubble. We also identify ∼58 objects that face 8 μm bright-rimmed clouds and apparently constitute a sub-class of in situ bowshocks where the stellar wind interacts with a photoevaporative flow (PEF) from an eroding molecular cloud interface (i.e., “PEF bowshocks”). Orientations of the arcuate nebulae exhibit a correlation over small angular scales, indicating that external influences such as H ii regions are responsible for producing some bowshock nebulae. However, the vast majority of the nebulae in this sample appear to be isolated (499 objects) from obvious external influences.
LARGE SUPER-FAST ROTATOR HUNTING USING THE INTERMEDIATE PALOMAR TRANSIENT FACTORY
Authors: Chang Chan-Kao , Lin Hsing-Wen , Ip Wing-Huen , Prince Thomas A. , Kulkarni Shrinivas R. , Levitan David , Laher Russ , Surace Jason
Published: December 2016

In order to look for large super-fast rotators, in late 2014 and early 2015, five dedicated surveys covering ∼188 deg2 in the ecliptic plane have been carried out in the R-band, with ∼10 minute cadence using the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory. Among 1029 reliable rotation periods obtained from the surveys, we discovered 1 new large super-fast rotator, (40511) 1999 RE88, and 18 other candidates. (40511) 1999 RE88 is an S-type inner main-belt asteroid with a diameter of D = 1.9 ± 0.3 km, a rotation period of P = 1.96 ± 0.01 hr, and a light curve amplitude of Δm ∼ 1.0 mag. To maintain such fast rotation, an internal cohesive strength of ∼780 Pa is required. Combining all known large super-fast rotators, their cohesive strengths all fall in the range of 100–1000 Pa of lunar regolith. However, the number of large super-fast rotators seems to be far less than the whole asteroid population. This might indicate a peculiar asteroid group for them. Although the detection efficiency for a long rotation period is greatly reduced due to our two-day observation time span, the spin-rate distributions of this work show consistent results with Chang et al. (2015), after considering the possible observational bias in our surveys. It shows a number decrease with an increase of spin rate for asteroids with a diameter of 3 ⩽ D ⩽ 15 km, and a number drop at a spin rate of f = 5 rev day−1 for asteroids with D ⩽ 3 km.
DETECTION OF POLARIZED QUASI-PERIODIC MICROSTRUCTURE EMISSION IN MILLISECOND PULSARS
Authors: De Kishalay , Gupta Yashwant , Sharma Prateek
Published: December 2016

Microstructure emission, involving short timescale, often quasi-periodic, intensity fluctuations in subpulse emission, is well known in normal period pulsars. In this Letter, we present the first detections of quasi-periodic microstructure emission from millisecond pulsars (MSPs), from Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations of two MSPs at 325 and 610 MHz. Similar to the characteristics of microstructure observed in normal period pulsars, we find that these features are often highly polarized and exhibit quasi-periodic behavior on top of broader subpulse emission, with periods of the order of a few μs. By measuring their widths and periodicities from single pulse intensity profiles and their autocorrelation functions, we extend the microstructure timescale–rotation period relationship by more than an order of magnitude down to rotation periods ∼5 ms, and find it to be consistent with the relationship derived earlier for normal pulsars. The similarity of behavior is remarkable, given the significantly different physical properties of MSPs and normal period pulsars, and rules out several previous speculations about the possible different characteristics of microstructure in MSP radio emission. We discuss the possible reasons for the non-detection of these features in previous high time resolution MSP studies along with the physical implications of our results, both in terms of a geometric beam sweeping model and temporal modulation model for micropulse production.
De novo cytogenetic alterations in spermatozoa of subfertile males might be due to genome instability associated with idiopathic male infertility: Experimental evidences and Review of the literature
Authors: Mozdarani Hossein , Mozdarani Sohail
Published: December 2016

Male infertility is caused by many factors including genetics. Although part of genetic damages are inherited and could be traced in blood leukocytes, but those de novo alterations induced in spermatogenesis are not part of diagnostic work up. De novo alterations might be the cause of many idiopathic conditions of male infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate DNA damage, sex chromosomal aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion in sperms of subfertile males in comparison with normal healthy individuals. Whole blood and semen samples were obtained from 75 subfertile and 45 normal men. Semen samples from karyotypically normal subfertile and normal individuals were used for DNA fragmentation, sex chromosome aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion analysis. Sperm DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay, chromosome aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion was assessed using a combined primed in situ labeling and fluorescent in situ hybridization (PRINS-FISH) method. A significantly high percentage of DNA fragmentation was observed in subfertile patients compared to control. Similar observation was observed for sex chromosome aneuploidy and DAZ microdeletion (p < 0.01). A relatively small interindividual difference was seen in all three assays performed. However DAZ microdeletion was observed as mosaic form in Y bearing sperms. Results indicate that subfertile males experience higher genome instability in spermatogenesis expressed as DNA damage and consequently sperm chromosomal 220 AIMS Genetics Volume 3, Issue 4, 219-238. aneuploidy or microdeletions. Occurrence of de novo genetic alterations caused by environmental chemico-physical genotoxic agents during spermatogenesis might be one of the causes of idiopathic male infertility.
Fronteras en vilo. Un estudio sobre Hot Sur de Laura Restrepo
Authors: Ardila-Jaramillo Clemencia
Published: December 2016

La escritora colombiana Laura Restrepo propone considerar su última novela, Hot Sur, como una novela de fronteras, por cuanto en ella se ocupa de mostrar lo falaz que resulta el sueño americano para los latinos y, simultáneamente, de revisar los diferentes prejuicios con los que se configura la imagen de los ciudadanos del Sur. Esta afirmación sirve de punto de partida a la lectura hermenéutica que se propone en este artículo, donde se analiza el proceso comparativo entre los del Norte y los del Sur que desarrolla su autora a través de una trama policiaca. El análisis se detiene en dos motivos temáticos de naturaleza dicotómica, el idioma/la escritura y lo limpio/lo sucio, propuestos en la novela como parámetros de diferenciación y de encuentro entre las dos culturas.
Río Grande, Bravo... y sangriento: Narcotráfico, violencia y frontera en Ask a Policeman, del novelista chicano Rolando Hinojosa
Authors: Guijarro González Juan Ignacio
Published: December 2016

En su novela policíaca Ask a Policeman (1998), un escritor chicano de prestigio como Rolando Hinojosa se adentra en el reciente subgénero de la narcoliteratura para abordar no solo la violencia y el sadismo extremos que caracterizan dicho mundo criminal, sino también cuestiones como la realidad actual de la comunidad chicana, la función que la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos desempeña hoy día, o la relación entre las comunidades hispanohablantes de ambos países.
Nuevos datos para la biografía de Ruy López de Villalobos, capitán general de la expedición hacia las islas Filipinas de 1542
Authors: Cuevas Góngora David
Published: December 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los nuevos datos que aportamos para la reconstrucción biográfica de Ruy López de Villalobos, un malagueño, que dirigió una expedición por orden del virrey de México para establecer una colonia en las islas Filipinas en 1542 y hallar la ruta del tornaviaje a Nueva España.
Aportes a la historia sísmica de Chile: el caso del gran terremoto de 1730
Authors: Urbina Carrasco María X. , Gorigoitía Abbott Nicolás , Cisternas Vega Marco
Published: December 2016

De acuerdo a nuevos y antiguos documentos se concluye que el terremoto de 1730 en Chile estuvo compuesto por dos sismos independientes, cada uno con un tsunami asociado. Considerando la extensión latitudinal de los daños y el tamaño de los tsunamis, este puede ser calificado como el mayor evento sísmico ocurrido en la historia de Chile metropolitano o central. Estas conclusiones permiten conocer mejor la secuencia sísmica del centro de Chile, la historia sísmica del país, y contribuye al conocimiento de la historia colonial del reino de Chile.
Promoting Civic Engagement through University Curricula
Authors: Bobick Bryna
Published: December 2016

In recent years, universities and colleges are including civic engagement in their mission statements. University administrators are increasingly encouraged faculty and students to participate in civic engagement both on and off campus. Various stakeholders should be part of this conversation in order to create a setting for learning that reflects the mission of the university or college. In this study, sixteen university freshmen participated in civic engagement through a freshman honors forum course. In addition to promoting civic engagement, the course supported the arts and museums in Memphis, Tennessee. Pre and exit surveys were conducted the participants to gain insight into their thoughts and experiences towards the course's curriculum. Their experiences provide a window into thinking about the role of civic engagement with university students.
New Voices and Narrative Participatory Photography
Authors: Smith Ruth M.
Published: December 2016

This chapter per the author demonstrates how community arts' attention to collaboration, education and facilitating dialogue across cultures offers an advantage in addressing the many issues that arise when new immigrant communities form. Through the example of Dumarka Soomaaliyeed Voices Unveiled, a narrative participatory photography project with Somali women in Columbus, Ohio, this chapter theorizes and documents the impact of the project's new method for facilitating intercultural civic engagement with refugee and immigrant communities and fostering a reciprocal exchange between participants and researcher rooted in participatory action research (PAR) and culturally relevant arts-based methods.
Engaging Communities through an Art Program at a Domestic Violence Shelter
Authors: Kazmierczak Elzbieta T.
Published: December 2016

This chapter is a case study, written from the perspective of a visual artist, designer, and educator, reflecting on a five-year volunteer initiative of developing, leading, and funding an art program at a domestic violence shelter for battered women and adolescent girls who experienced sexual violence. One purpose of this chapter is to provide information about establishing art programs that can be sustained by the institutions in which they are introduced. This chapter discusses the following aspects: 1) breaking the ice and establishing rapport; 2) training and supervising staff and student volunteers; 3) fund-raising, grant writing, and seeking support both within and outside the agency; 4) partnering with organizations or community groups to set up art exhibitions; 5) partnering with artists and writers to print and distribute an educational publication; and 6) developing research with vulnerable populations serviced by the agency.
¡Adelante! El Mundo Mágico Creado, The Magical World Created
Authors: Choe Miwon , Albert Juan Silvio Cabrera
Published: December 2016

This chapter illustrates the unique cross-sector visual arts exchange program between Cuba and the U.S. This collaborative project is situated in the Cuban educational perspective of Pedagogía de la Ternura (Pedagogy of Tenderness) and La Cláse Magica (Magical Class), contextually driven bilingual model for diverse student population in the U.S. The role of art in Cuban context of national and cultural identity is also discussed. The CreArte in Cuba, a voluntary cultural community inspired organization, aims to improve the cultural life and the realities of all the local participants. In the U.S., CreArte project was implemented at a local high school to create a positive learning space for the most disenfranchised local high school students enrolled in a remedial reading program. The juxtaposition of two apparently disparate and contrasting realities formed an amazing collage of hope and trust beyond the visible cognitive, behavioral, and affective literacy outcomes for the students and adults in both countries traveling across 90 miles of troubled water between Cuba and USA.
Watching the Walls Crumble
Authors: Hegeman Kira
Published: December 2016

This chapter offers an account of nine-months with the Young Lion's Global Artists, a youth arts program based in Chiang Mai, Thailand. This chapter serves as a practitioner's account, illustrating the program's creation, selected activities and group dynamics. Through these accounts the chapter further seeks to offer this program as an example of the potential for community-based art programs to cultivate conversation and social engagement. Over the course of a nine-month period this particular program was instrumental in creating bonds across ethnic divides that had initially caused social separation and tension when the program began, further highlighting the potential for arts program to inspire conversation and transformation.
Orchestrating Community Change through Music and Heritage
Authors: Santo Charles A.
Published: December 2016

This chapter will provide a case study reflection on the outcomes and lessons of a long-term community-university partnership that originated among a group of students exploring the relationship between creativity, culture, and community development in Memphis. A collaboratively-developed “Memphis Music Magnet” plan is being implemented in the Soulsville USA neighborhood to explore the regenerative potential of culture-led planning. The plan seeks to create neighborhood-level change by supporting musicians, celebrating the artistic heritage of the neighborhood, and creating new types of interaction and collaboration. This reflection will consider the missed opportunities and often-indirect relationship between positive impacts and preconceived intent.
Art and Community Capacity-Building
Authors: Lewis Ferdinand , Sommer Eleanor K.
Published: December 2016

Arts programs are increasingly becoming part of public engagement in the context of community health but have mostly been studied in urban and suburban locations. This chapter outlines a successful partnership between an arts in healthcare program and a community health coalition in rural Franklin County, Florida, an area struck by natural and human-made disasters. During a five-year period, the organizations worked in partnership to address the “fragmentation” of the community and its health services and to build community and organizational capacity for public health planning using the arts. The partnership sustained engagement with a variety of communities and institutions in Franklin County, Florida, conducted community assessments, developed public murals and mosaics, created community gardens, gathered stories, and employed Boalian theater strategies. The case study examines the partnership through the lens of a Community Coalition Action Theory framework, offering a narrative of a unique partnership.
To be or not to be nas malhas híbridas do suporte digital YouTube: práticas de leitura, linguagens e o sujeito
Authors: Pimenta Leny André , Momesso Maria Regina , Assolini Filomena Elaine Paiva
Published: December 2016

Neste artigo, observa-se e reflete-se sobre as práticas de leitura de um curta-metragem de animação da cena de Hamlet, To be or not to be, no suporte digital YouTube. Partimos da premissa de que mudanças relativas ao suporte podem promover alterações nos procedimentos de leitura e, consequentemente, produzir efeitos de sentido que reverberam na constituição dos sujeitos discursivos, especialmente no que se refere à autoria. A reflexão sustenta-se na Análise do Discurso de ‘linha’ francesa e na Psicanálise lacaniana, em que os postulados ocupam-se da determinação histórica dos processos de significação, ao considerar que os sentidos são construídos de forma singular, na relação com o outro e em seu ambiente, e, para isso, o sujeito tem que se apropriar do campo da linguagem. Com base nesses pressupostos, o corpus configura-se na narrativa virtual do curta-metragem de animação no site Mabinogi: Hamlet - To be, or not to be, Scene One, o qual faz um recorte da obra clássica literária Hamlet de Shakespeare. Os resultados apontam para gestos de leitura múltiplos, híbridos, em que os sentidos e as possibilidades de coautoria podem reverberar no trabalho do sujeito adolescente, que se constitui por meio da/na linguagem e do questionamento sobre si mesmo.
Objetos da percepção e objetos para a percepção. Dos conceitos estéticos à teoria da imagem
Authors: Braga Joaquim
Published: December 2016

Que conceito de ‘imagem’ emerge da evolução semântica dos principais princípios estéticos que se inscreveram no pensamento ocidental? Tal é a pergunta-chave que anima o corpo analítico deste texto. Para sustentar, teoricamente, uma resposta a esta questão, é aqui introduzida a distinção seminal entre ‘objetos da percepção e objetos para a percepção’, que nos permitirá analisar e compreender o modo como as formas imagéticas artísticas expõem e transpõem os regimes estéticos.
A Study on the Structural Strength and Behaviour of Composite Profiled Steel Sheet with Plywood
Authors: Islam S.M. Zahurul , Khatun Dalia , Amin Al
Published: December 2016

Shelter, the second basic need of man, has been a preoccupation for many governments all over the world trying to house their growing population. Roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a building. Roof not only provides protection to the buildings from the effects of weather but also plays an important role in architectural and aesthetic point of view. Profiled steel sheet are increasingly used in structural application in recent years. Profiled steel sheet connected to plywood which is known as profiled steel sheeting plywood (PSSPW) system can be used as an alternative to traditional form of roof construction. This study investigated experimentally and analytically the possibility of employing the PSSPW as a roof surface to provide an efficient emergency shelter. The aim of this study to investigate the structural strength and behaviour of composite profiled steel sheet with plywood. The tests were performed on profiled steel sheet and profiled steel sheeting with plywood. The failure loads, failure modes and the load-web deformation behaviour of profiled steel sheeting with plywood are also presented. The experimental and analytical results were compared to validate and determine the structural strength and behavior of profiled steel sheet and composite profiled steel sheet with plywood (PSSPW). This PSSPW composite roofing helps to enhancing the stiffness and strength of the composite system. The proposed PSSPW composite roofing system has a great potential to be exploited for the construction of housing as well as disaster relief shelter. The application of plywood as a load bearing structural component in PSSPW system has the potential to meet the demands of building construction. This system can reduce time and overall cost of construction and has the potential of opening up new composite system in the building construction industry.
Performance Analysis of Poly Vinyl Chloride Outsole Using FEA Method
Authors: Mondal Nil  Ratan , Ahmed Md Minar , Arefin Md Samsul , Rony Mahabub Hasan
Published: December 2016

This paper focused on the performance analysis of Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) outsole in order to improve the sustainability of the outsole design. According to footwear construction, outsole is the outermost layer which comes with direct contact with ground surface. A broad spectrum of materials are used in footwear construction as outsole but PVC is widely used which is manufactured from monomer named vinyl chloride. During wearing life cycle, footwear as well as the outsole has to pass through various mechanical operation, weather condition, ground surface friction and body weight pressure, hence the shape of the outsole may be distorted which may affect the foot. In order to consider these factors, several prototype outsoles required to test in biomechanics lab before mass production that is expensive and time consuming. Therefore, this study aimed to employ a finite element (FE) method to investigate the performance of PVC outsole by analyzing properties such as stress, thermal insulation behavior, factor of safety, fatigue check. A detailed 3D PVC FE model was created using Solid Works Software. The FE model calculation was compared to the physical measurements of a PVC outsole to validate the FE model. After the FE model validation, this study conducted different outsole properties analysis. This FE stress analysis reveals that the maximum stress was occurred in the heel breast portion. Therefore, material density should be given high in this portion to prevent crack development. The displacement analysis result reveals that in the forepart of the outsole, the maximum displacement occur which is 15.6748 mm and the thermal analysis result shows that there will be no crack develop in the outsole even at-20°C and the outsole was thermally stable up to-20°C.
Effects of Chromium and Nickel Additions on the Austenite Grain Coarsening of Low Carbon Structural Steels Containing 0.13% C
Authors: Ahmed Mohiuddin , Bepari Md Mohar Ali , Galib Roisul Hasan
Published: December 2016

The austenite grain coarsening behavior of low carbon (0.13% C) structural steels containing chromium and nickel singly or in combination were studied by heating the steels at successive high temperature in the austenite zone in the temperature range of 900-1100°C with an interval of 50°C. The carburizing technique has been adopted to reveal the prior austenite grain boundaries and mean linear intercept method was used to measure the austenite grain size.It was found that on heating the undissolved particles of chromium carbide, Cr2C refine the austenite grain size at temperature below 1000°C, but the effect decreases with increasing temperature. Nickel does not produce any austenite grain refinement. In the presence of nickel particles of chromium carbide are less effective than chromium carbide particles in the absence of nickel in the refinement of austenite grain size.
Flatwise Compression and Flexural Behaviour of Perlite/Sodium Silicate Composite Foam
Authors: Arifuzzaman Md , Kim Ho Sung
Published: December 2016

Flatwise compression and flexural behaviour of perlite/sodium silicate composites made of expanded perlite and sodium silicate is studied using a new manufacturing method for applications of sandwich foam core materials. Sodium silicate content in composites (a perlite particle size of 2-3mm) was varied for a range of 0.1 - 0.3 g/ml and compaction ratio for moulding for a range of 2.0 - 3.0. Specimens under flatwise compression were found to be more capable for energy absorption than those previously reported for lengthwise compression, ascribing to appearance of densification stage following the initial cracking. Also, under flexural loading, energy absorption in composites after the initial cracking was found to be in operation, supporting their candidacy for wide applications where gypsum boards are dominant. It was deduced from both flexural testing results and fracture mechanism that compressive strength is higher than tensile strength, suggesting the future directions of mechanical performance improvement.