bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Treatment Methods of Primary Obstructive Megaureter
Authors: ÖZCAN SIKI Fatma , SARIKAYA Mehmet , GÜNDÜZ Metin , SEKMENLİ Tamer , ÇİFTCİ İlhan , YILMAZ İsa , PERU Harun
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: Primary megaureter (PM) is a common congenital uropathy. In this study, we compared the results of treatment options for primary megaureter with obstruction in UVJ.

METHODS: The files of all patients who underwent open surgery and had a double J (JJ) ureteral stent for treating primary obstructive megaureter in our institution between 2010 and 2023 were evaluated retrospectively. The demographic information of the patients, the results of imaging tests before and after the surgery, early and late complications after the treatment, and the length of stay in the hospital were recorded. The results of both treatment methods were compared statistically.

RESULTS: A total of 23 patients and 26 kidney units over 13 years were retrospectively analyzed. Eighteen patients were male (78%); 5 were girls (22%). Ureteral tapering and ureteroneocystostomy (UNC) were performed with open surgery in 8 patients, while JJ stent was placed in 12 patients primarily by cystoscopy. In the urinary system ultrasonography (USS) performed at an average of 3 months after the treatment, hydronephrosis grades were observed to regress in 25 units. All patients recovered after surgery and there was no significant difference between the two treatment methods (p> 0.05).

CONCLUSION: In the treatment of primary obstructive megaureter (POM), endoscopic JJ stenting is as effective as ureteral reimplantation with open surgery. It may be considered more valuable due to the shorter hospital stay
Pemberdayaan Ekonomi dan Pariwisata Masyarakat Kampung Singah Mulo sebagai Kampung Satelit di Kabupaten Gayo Lues
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno , Semayang Mina , Prasetyo Diky , Rizki Hasni , Haji Siti , Mahara Linda , Firmansyah Diki
Published: October 2023

Singah Mulo merupakan salah satu kampung yang terletak di Kecamatan Putri Betung, Kabupaten Gayo Lues, Provinsi Aceh. Kampung Singah Mulo menjadi kawasan strategis dan satelit yang menghubungkan antar provinsi Aceh dan Sumatera Utara. Kampung Singah Mulo memiliki potensi ekonomi dan parawisata alam yang menjadi unggulan di Kecamatan Putri Betong, Kabupaten Gayo Lues sehingga pemberdayaan masyarakat secara internal maupun eksternal perlu dilakukan. Metode pengabdian ini dilakukan secara Parcipatory Action Research dimana masyarakat menjadi aktor kunci dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat dan pengembangan pariwisata di Kampung Singah Mulo. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah masyarakat Kampung Singah Mulo didampingi dalam membuat aneka cemilan/jajanan yang menjadi ciri khas Kampung Singah Mulo dan mendampingi masyarakat mengelola Usaha Micro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM). Selanjutnya, pendampingan masyarakat dalam pengembangan pariwisata berupa pemandian air panas Kampung Singah Mulo berupa tata kelola lokasi wisata dan promosi wisata secara digital.
Sosialisasi Pencegahan Bahaya Bullying pada Siswa SMPN I Kuta Makmur
Authors: Ranggayoni Russy , Yusra  , Nisrina  , Rahmiaty
Published: October 2023

Perilaku bullying menjadi isu yang sering diperbincangkan saat ini. Perilaku ini justru sering ditemukan dalam lingkungan yang tidak seharusnya, seperti dalam lingkungan sekolah dan keluarga. Perilaku bullying merupakan tindakan agresif ataupun kasar yang dapat menimbulkan konflik bagi pelaku dan korbannya. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini merupakan tindakan sosialisasi yang bertujuan untuk memberikan edukasi dan pencegahan bullying kepada siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Kuta Makmur, agar tidak melakukan tindakan bullying di lingkungan sekolah maupun di luar lingkungan sekolah. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini berupa pemberian materi dalam bentuk ceramah serta tanya jawab. Adapun hasil kegiatan sosialisasi menunjukkan bahwa siswa sangat termotivasi dalam proses kegiatan serta dapat memahami materi dan informasi yang disampaikan oleh pemateri. Implikasi dari kegiatan ini agar siswa menyadari akan dampak negatif dari perilaku bullying serta bertanggung jawab dalam upaya mencegah perilaku tersebut dalam lingkungan sehari-hari.
Pendampingan Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Bagi Guru SMP MGMP Bahasa Indonesia Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Lisnawati Iis , Setiartin R Titin , Nores K. Welly , Armiyati Laely , Putri Andini Primadani , Elsi  , Andriyansyah Resti , Habibi Khoerul Fikri
Published: October 2023

Kurikulum Merdeka akan dilaksanakan secara serentak di jenjang pendidikan menengah pada tahun 2024. Bahkan di tingkat SMP, khusus kelas VII, pada tahun ajaran 2023/2024 Kurikulum Merdeka sudah diberlakukan. Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka memerlukan pemahaman dan kesiapan guru tentang Kurikulum Merdeka dengan berbagai komponen dan aplikasinya. Kondisi realistis di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa guru SMP belum memahami secara utuh tentang Kurikulum Merdeka, khususnya tentang Capaian Pembelajaran, Tujuan Pembelajaran, Alur Tujuan Pembelajaran, dan Modul Ajar serta modifikasinya. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, pemahaman para guru tentang Kurikulum Merdeka dan menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah pendampingan pelatihan dalam bentuk workshop. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa para guru telah memahami konsep Kurikulum Merdeka, khususnya Capaian Pembelajaran, Tujuan Pembelajaran, Alur Tujuan Pembelajaran, dan Modul Ajar serta aplikasinya. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil kerja para guru dalam mengejawantahkan konsep tersebut dalam Alur Tujuan pembelajaran dan Modul Ajar sebagai rencana pembelajaran yang akan dilaksanakan.  Dengan kata lain, para guru SMP di MGMP Bahasa Indonesia Kota Tasikmalaya telah siap mengimplementasikan Kurikulum Merdeka.
Pelatihan Media Pembelajaran dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kreatifitas bagi Guru MI Kota Lhokseumawe
Authors: Zulmaulida Rahmy , Alwi Said , Sari Mutia , Akmal Nurul , Elfiadi  , Syukran  , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi guru MI di Kota Lhokseumawe tentang pelatihan media pembelajaran sebagai upaya peningkatan kreatifitas. Pelatihan ini menggunakan metode ceramah, tanya jawab dan praktikum, dengan pembagian 8 JP dengan durasi 50 menit per JP. Hasil pengabdian ini memberikan sumbangsih dan saran bagi guru dalam memilih media ajar yang kreatif yang dapat diterapkan di dalam kelas, selanjutnya pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi dunia pendidikan khususnya Madrasah.
Kajian Ummahat tentang Perempuan, Ilmu dan Rumah Tangga pada Guru SD IT Iskandar Muda Yayasan Bumi Serambi
Authors: Dewi Erna , Ichsan Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membekali para guru/pengajar dengan pengetahuan seputar kajian tentang perempuan, ilmu dan rumah tangga serta hal-hal lain seputar perempuan. Pengabdian ini dilakukan untuk para pengajar SDIT Iskandar Muda Yayasan Bumi Serambi Mekkah (YBSM) Pekanbaru. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian bagi masyarakat ini adalah metode ceramah. Setelah pembekalan ini terlaksana maka diharapkan para pengajar sudah memiliki pengetahuan mendalam seputar kesuksesan dan perannya seorang perempuan dalam kehidupan baik itu sebagai perempuan karir, sebagai ibu rumah tangga yang memilih berdiam di rumah maupun sebagai ibu bagi anak-anaknya. Sebelum melaksanakan pengabdian, narasumber berkoordinasi terlebih dahulu dengan pihak sekolah untuk mengetahui keadaan di lapangan sebelum terjun langsung ke lapangan. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai salah satu bentuk kepedulian untuk penambahan wawasan mengenai peran perempuan baik sebagai wanita karir maupun sebagai ibu rumah tangga dengan baik.
Fictional Discourse and Text vs. Fictional Interdiscourse and Intertext in Cognitive Linguistics: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Zhalko Dina
Published: October 2023

The article presents the theoretical fundamentals for the study of fictional discourse and text, as well as fictional interdiscourse and intertext in Cognitive Linguistics, from the standpoint of view of determining the relationship and status of concepts in two dyads and tracing them on the example of a work of art. The definitions to the following notions have been outlined: (a) fictional discourse is mental-communicative interaction between the addresser (author of a fictional work) and the addressee (potential reader), which takes place in a certain historical and cultural and social context, is based on ideas, beliefs, worldview orientations of the author-addressee, aims to regulate the ideas, beliefs, worldview orientations of the reader-addressee and materializes in the form of texts of fictional works, the open set of which forms the verbal plan of fictional discourse; (b) fictional text is one of the components of the act of fictional communication, which represents a special fictional reality, which, combined with the discourses of the author and the reader, creates a new type of discourse – fictional. Besides, it has been proved that the fictional interdiscourse and intertext combine the speech of the author and the character and, therefore, have two communicative situations: (a) external communicative situation: addressee-author – addressee-reader, and (b) internal communicative situation: character – character.
Psycholinguistic Portrait of the Germans in Crises (Based on Computer-Processed Reactions During Free-Associative Experiment)
Authors: Cherkhava Olesya
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of computer processing of a free-associative experiment using STIMULUS based on reaction words/associations provided by German respondents to stimulus words with the semantics of resilience and to carry out their psycholinguistic interpretation. The free-associative experiment is defined as a research method that goes beyond the boundaries of traditional interpretations of logical semantics and allows for the exploration of the associative meaning of a word as an individual acquisition of a person. The psycholinguistic interpretation of the reactions provided by Germans to stimuli with the semantics of resilience helped to describe the Germans consciousness in the following way. Germans, as a whole, value stability and the rule of law, which is why a crisis can evoke concerns and a desire to restore normalcy quickly. German citizens prioritize trust in authority and expect effective responses to crises. They may anticipate that the government and governing bodies fulfill their duties adequately. They also often seek proper information and transparency in governmental actions and expect access to accurate and reliable information about the crisis, its consequences, and the measures being taken. Germans are known for their organizational skills and ability to implement necessary safety measures. In times of crisis, they are likely to adhere to instructions and recommendations provided by authorities for the safety and prevention of hazardous situations.
Strafprozess und Pandemie
Authors: Lang Matthias
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges to the criminal justice process. This study uses the COVID-19 pandemic to illustrate how these can be addressed in the future. The difficulties encountered in detention cases during a pandemic are also presented. In addition to an intensive examination of existing regulations, the work develops and discusses proposals for new regulations. In doing so, the work explores the use of technical means – especially audiovisual transmission. The author demonstrates the need for a pandemic german code of criminal procedure. In addition, the paper examines the extent to which pandemic-related considerations can be applied generally in criminal proceedings for reasons of proportionality.
Die strafrechtliche Erfassung von Fehlverhalten bei dem Umgang mit öffentlichen Mitteln
Authors: Solavagione Lucía
Published: October 2023

The misuse of public funds is a serious problem not only in Germany but all over the world. Not a day goes by when the public does not learn of a scandal involving public corruption (in the broader sense, i.e., not limited to bribery). But is the existing criminal law sufficient to punish that kind of misconduct? Or is there a so-called punishment gap that prevents such conduct from being prosecuted under criminal law? In this book, the author attempts to answer these questions. First, she addresses the question of the extent to which the criminal offense of disloyal administration (§ 266 StGB) is sufficient to cover the misuse or misappropriation of public funds under criminal law. The author then deals with the concept of punishment gap and analyses the possibility of its existence in connection with the embezzlement of public funds in Germany. Finally, the author discusses some alternatives for closing any punishment gaps and provides examples of regulations from foreign legal systems.
Night LED illumination in the temperate regions as a model of polar day for algal cultivation in field-installed photobioreactors: Comparison of Svalbard and Central Europe
Authors: Kvíderová Jana , Lukavský Jaromír
Published: October 2023

The low-temperature algal biotechnology starts to develop in the Polar Regions, and especially in the Arctic. Light is crucial environmental factor in algal mass cultivation, therefore knowledge of the light environment and its modeling is crucial for design of the photobioreactors. The light conditions in three different environments were compared: natural diel light cycle during the polar summer (June-August) in Svalbard and in winter/spring (January – March) in the Central Europe outdoor and in the greenhouse photobioreactor, and in greenhouse photobioreactor equipped by additional night LED illumination in central Europe in winter/spring. In Svalbard, the monthly mean diel PAR values ranger from 126 to 395 µmol m-2 s-1, and the monthly diel sums of the PAR ranged from 2.38 to 7.47 MJ m-2 d-1. In the Central Europe in natural diel light cycle, the monthly mean diel PAR values and monthly diel sums of the PAR were generally lower, 57 - 248 µmol m-2 s-1 and 1.08 and 4.69 MJ m-2 d-1 in outdoor and 26 – 107 µmol m-2 s-1 and 0.50 – 2.03 69 MJ m-2 d-1 in the sun-illuminated photobioreactor. When additional night LED illumination, lasting from 12 to 14.7 hrs and from 12 to 15.3 hrs in 2021 and 2022, respectively, was provided, the monthly mean diel PAR values and monthly diel sums of the PAR increased to 479 – 598 µmol m-2 s-1 and 9.06 – 11.31 MJ m-2 d-1, respectively. Since the Svalbard maxima of diel sum of PAR are comparable to the values found in the night LED illuminated greenhouse photobioreactor, the night LED illumination in winter/spring in Central Europe should be proposed for model cultivations in the Polar Region in summer.
HUKUM ACARA PIDANA: PENERAPAN “DUE PROCESS OF LAW”
Authors: Sutrisna Saka Murti Dwi
Published: October 2023

Sebagai negara hukum, Indonesia harus menjunjung tinggi keberadaan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Setiap orang tanpa diskriminasi berhak untuk dihormati dan dilindungi oleh hak asasi manusia, meskipun dia adalah tersangka atau terdakwa. Keberadaan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP 1981) yang menggantikan Hukuman Herzien Inlandsch (HIR) telah berhasil menempatkan tersangka dan terdakwa dengan martabat kemanusiaan yang seutuhnya melalui jaminan hak hukum untuk menghindari tindakan sewenang-wenang. Namun, pelanggaran hak tersangka dan terdakwa masih saja terjadi. Di sisi lain, guna menjawab persoalan-persoalan yang terjadi selama berlakunya KUHAP 1981, saat ini masih digodok pembaruan hukum acara pidana melalui RKUHAP. Meski demikian, sampai disahkan dan berlakunya RKUHAP, maka KUHAP 1981 masih berlaku untuk menjadi pedoman aparat penegak hukum dalam proses peradilan. Oleh sebab itu, artikel ini bermaksud membahas mengenai: Penerapan dan penafsiran Pasal-Pasal KUHAP harus berdasarkan atas perlindungan HAM; Pentingnya memperjuangkan tegaknya hak-hak tersangka dan terdakwa sebagai bagian dari HAM; dan Penerapan “Due Process of Law” dalam upaya perlindungan terhadap hak-hak tersangka dan terdakwa.
Kualitas Administrasi Kependudukan Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayan Publik di Kecamatan Sekupang Kota Batam
Authors: Hasan Dinda Ainnunne
Published: October 2023

Pemerintah merupakan sebagai wadah penyedia layana pablik yang dimana di butuhkan oleh masyarakat harus bertanggung jawab yang diaman terus berupaya dalam memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi masyarakat yang menuntukan berhasilan pelayanan pablik. Di sisi lain kepuasan masyarakat terhadap  pelayanan pablik merupakan tolak ukur keberhasilan pelayanan pablik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian diskrtif dengan menggunakan pendekat kuantitatif untuk mengetaui kualitas pelayanan pablik di bidang administrasi kepedudukan di kota Batam. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan merupakan adalah model interaktif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa kualitas layanan pablik di bidang administrasi kependudukan di kota Batam di lihat dari aspek fasilitas fisik, jamina, empati sebagai pelayanan umum di kota Batam masih sedikit belum memehuni fasilitas yang memadai untuk memberikan fasilitas terhadap masyarakat agar masyarakat merasakan kepuasan dari pelayanan public.
Efektivitas Penerapan Model Pembelajaran VAK (Visualization, Audiotory, Kinesthetic) terhadap Hasil Belajar PAI dan BP di Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Tigo Nagari Kabupaten Pasaman
Authors: Susanti Juli , Muliati Indah
Published: October 2023

This study aims to look at the effectiveness of applying the VAK (Visualization, Audiotory, Kinesthetic) model to the learning outcomes of PAI and BP in Class XI SMA Negeri 1 Tigo Nagari, Pasaman Regency, which in fact the teaching method used by the teacher is still monotonous and uninteresting, so students find it difficult to understand the material and have an impact on low student learning outcomes. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling. Methods of data collection in this study using pretest and posttest. The data in this study were analyzed using a paired sample t-test. The results showed that the control group obtained sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001 <0.05 means that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, and the experimental group is sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001 <0.05 means that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, it means that the application of the VAK (Visualization, Audiotory, Kinesthetic) learning model is effective in improving PAI and BP learning outcomes in Class XI SMA Negeri 1 Tigo Nagari, Pasaman Regency. Learning Islamic Religious Education using the VAK (Visualization, Audiotory, Kinesthetic) learning model is more effective than conventional learning models.
The Effect of Management Performance on The Satisfaction of Members of The Shari'ah Perambabulan Al Qomariyah Cooperative
Authors: Agus Mulyana Andry , Cuswanto Cuswanto , Suwarno Putra Panji , Faqih Achmad , Aisyah Siti
Published: October 2023

The presence of sharia cooperatives provides many opportunities for the community in running their business or business. Sharia cooperatives are able to improve the welfare of people who run their businesses or businesses. If the business has sufficient capital, the business actor is able to develop his business. Sharia cooperatives can also improve the wheels of a country's economy. Member satisfaction with services is influenced by the performance of the management, satisfaction is achieved when the services received are in accordance with expectations. However, the large number of cooperative members tends not to be able to meet the expectations of all members. This study aims to determine the performance of the management on the satisfaction of members of the Syari'ah Perambabulan Al Qomariyah Cooperative in Babadan Village, Gunung Jati District, Cirebon Regency. The study was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023. The research design used was quantitative descriptive with data collection through interviews with instruments. The respondents were members of the 50-member Al Qomariyah Sharia Perambabulan Cooperative. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis and simple linear regression. The results showed that descriptively the level of management performance was at a satisfactory level by meeting the elements of tangible, reability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy percentage of 75%. Meanwhile, the satisfaction of members of the Shari'ah Perambabulan Al Qomariyah Cooperative is at a very satisfactory level with a percentage of 84%. The performance of the management affects the satisfaction of members of the Shari'ah Perambabulan Al Qomariyah Cooperative with the value of the coefficient of determination having a proportion of 19.5%. The simple linear regression equation is Y = 39.811+0.242X+e, meaning that it has a constant of 39.811 and a coefficient of 0.242 which states that every 1% increase in performance can increase satisfaction by 0.242.
DÜZELTME: DESCARTES’IN FELSEFESİNDE ZİHİN İLE BEDEN ARASINDAKİ İRTİBAT
Authors: ALTINÖRS S. Atakan
Published: October 2023

Sayın editör,
Derginizin 71. sayısında yayımlanan “Descartes’ın felsefesinde zihin ile beden arasındaki irtibat” başlıklı makalemin 82. sayfasındaki alıntıda yer alan “...Tanrı’nın birbirinden ayıramadığı ya da ayrı ayrı muhafaza edemediği şeyler...” cümlesinde sehven, doğrusu “ayırabildiği” olmalıyken “ayıramadığı”, doğrusu “edebildiği” olmalıyken “edemediği” yazılmıştır. Yayım öncesi bu hatanın düzeltilmesi için derginiz ile yaptığım yazışmanın gözden kaçırılmasıyla hatalı biçimde yayımlanmıştır. Makalemdeki bu tashihi, saygılarımla arz ederim.
DİLTHEY’İN KANT FELSEFESİNİ ELEŞTİRİSİ
Authors: ATAMAN Sait Can , TOPAKKAYA Arslan
Published: October 2023

Dilthey felsefesi, felsefeyi tin bilimleri ile birlikte alması ve bunun kurulumunu da tarih üzerinden yapması ile oldukça zengin bir felsefedir. Dilthey, 19. yy.da zirveye ulaşan geleneksel Alman felsefesini bir anlamda reddederek felsefeye yeni ve özgün bir yol çizmiştir. Bunun en önemli hareket noktalarından biri doğa bilimlerinin yükselişinin henüz emekleme çağında olduğu ifade edilebilecek tin bilimleri karşısındaki baskıcı ve indirgemeci pozisyonu olduğu söylenebilir. Öyle ki bu durum insan hayatının göz ardı edilmesi gibi büyük bir yanlış içindedir. Bu yüzden Dilthey için felsefe ilk olarak kendisine doğrudan verilmiş bir bütün olarak insan yaşamından başlamalıdır. Tin bilimlerini sistematik bir şekilde yapılandırmak onun yöntem, amaç ve sınırlarını çizmek Dilthey’in felsefi programıdır. Bu doğrultuda Dilthey hayat, anlam ve yaşantı gibi kavramları merkeze alır. Dilthey, Kant’ın eleştirel felsefesini kendisine birçok anlamda adres gösterir. Ne var ki Kant’ın deneyim tasarımı bu kavramları es geçmiştir. Bu doğrultuda Kant’tan birçok konuda olumlu ve olumsuz eleştirel yaklaşım çerçevesinde faydalanmıştır. Dilthey’in hayat felsefesini Kant’a yöneltmiş olduğu olumsuz eleştiriler üzerinden ele almak ve bu sayede onun felsefesinin genel hatlarını çizmek bu makalenin odak noktasını oluşturur.
Air pollution exposure and non-communicable respiratory diseases among fish vendors in Bagamoyo and Kunduchi fish markets in Tanzania
Authors:   , Onesmo Brigitha
Published: October 2023

Approximately 2.6 billion people in the world use polluting fuels in cooking. Small-scale fish vendors in Bagamoyo and Kunduchi fish markets rely on use of firewood in frying fish for business purposes. Unfortunately, this results in higher levels of air pollutants as an occupational exposure. The study assessed the magnitude of air pollution and related impacts on lung function among small-scale fish vendors along coastal area of Tanzania. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted in Bagamoyo and Kunduchi fish markets. Air pollution levels and composition were measured. EasyOne spirometer was used to test for lung function and a standardized questionnaire was used to assess respiratory symptoms among small-scale fish vendors. Data were analyzed using STATA Version 17. Results shows that the average hourly concentration levels of Particulate matter (PM1, PM2.5, PM10), and Carbon monoxide exposure during fish frying were 653.6 (±206.3 SD) µg/m3 , 748.5 (±200.6 SD) µg/m3 , 798.7 (±181.7 SD) µg/m3 and 62.6 (±12.3 SD) ppm respectively which is higher than the WHO recommended limits. About 32.04% of participants were categorized as having chronic obstructed pulmonary disease which was associated with coughing, wheezing, sputum production and breathlessness among the participants. Findings suggest that three out of ten participants had COPD and the major environmental air pollutants concentration levels were too high, suggesting occupational exposure to biomass smoke may be a major risk factor. This calls for effective approaches to reduce exposure and prevent known acute and chronic respiratory diseases that are associated with such exposure to air pollutants.
IoT-based on boiler fuel monitoring system: a case of Raha beverages company limited, Arusha-Tanzania
Authors:   , Ntambara Boniface
Published: October 2023

RAHA Beverages Company (RABEC) is the one of banana wine production companies that utilizes fuel in steam production in Arusha-Tanzania. Fuel usage and conditions monitoring in RABEC become a challenge due to inaccurate and unreliable current monitoring systems. Currently, RABEC uses a dropping stick into the fuel tank to investigate fuel level, temperature, and usage, which are time-consuming, give inaccurate readings, inefficiency, and provoked accidents. This study aimed to develop an IoT-based fuel monitoring system that can provide real-time fuel conditions to prevent plant breakdown and accidents. The flow meter, ultrasonic, fuel temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors were used to gather fuel data conditions. The GSM was employed to send fuel data messages to the operator’s phone. An AT mega 328 microcontroller was used to process and analyze the fuel data. Thing Speak IoT platform was also used to visualize and aggregate fuel data using Wi-Fi connectivity. The results showed that when fuel level was less than the threshold value, an operator was alerted by refilling messages via GSM technology. At 0.1Psi pressure, fuel temperature of 120℃, and 80% of humidity, the system notifies the operator by an alert to check injector pressure and if fuel-air mixture is perfect. In addition, these data were observed on LCD and ThingSpeak webpage. To conclude, the developed system proves a high accuracy, security, and efficiency rates compared to the current monitoring system. Future work is recommended by deploying SCADA with HMI systems to monitor and control fuel usage.
The mtego® trap: a potential tool for monitoring and control of malaria and arbovirus vectors
Authors:   , Suleiman Masudi
Published: October 2023

Odour-baited traps are valuable for vector surveillance and control; however, they often exhibit varying recapture rates among mosquito species due to the limited range of host cues they provide. Therefore, it is crucial to develop more effective traps capable of capturing a variety of mosquito species. One potential alternative is the MTego trap, which incorporates thermal stimuli as additional cues. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the MTego trap for sampling different mosquito species in a semi-field system. To conduct the experiments, fully balanced Latin square design experiments were conducted in semi-field chambers using laboratory-reared female Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles funestus, Anopheles arabiensis, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Fifty mosquitoes of each species were released in each chamber for 16 days. The evaluated traps included the MTego trap baited with PM6 (MT-PM6), the MTego trap baited with BG-Lure (MT-BGL), and the BGP trap baited with BG-Lure (BGP-BGL). In addition, the performance of the traps was compared to the human landing catch (HLC). The MTego traps (MT-PM6 and MT-BGL) captured a similar proportion of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus, and Aedes aegypti as the BGP-BGL. However, the traps did not match the performance of HLC against all mosquito species. The study underscores the promising application of the MTego trap as a monitoring and control tool for malaria and arbovirus vectors.
Enhanced safety and automated wheelchair for patients with mobility disability: a case study of mount Meru referral hospital, Arusha, Tnzania
Authors:   , Rwegoshora Florian
Published: October 2023

Physical disability remains a challenging problem in Tanzania. The number of people with physical disabilities is increasing every day for a variety of reasons. A wheelchair is one of the devices that assists these people in their daily lives. Various wheelchair designs have been developed, but the prevailing issue is that the existing systems continue to fall short of meeting the needs of the users. There is a great need for a design that can meet some of these people's needs, with safety as a top priority. To address these issues, the study intends to develop an enhanced safety and automated wheelchair for patients with mobility disabilities. The proposed system was a solar-powered wheelchair with some unique safety features for wheelchair users. The wheelchair was built with a joystick for mobility, an MQ-2, a Global System of Mobile communication (GSM), a Global Positioning System (GPS), an Ultrasonic sensor, a buzzer, a pushbutton, a solar panel, a lead-acid battery, and an Atmega 328P processor. Based on some of the previously mentioned important components, the system was able to detect fire once by making a sound via the buzzer, and family members were able to obtain any message if the wheelchair user was in danger simply by pressing the push button. Furthermore, the system was capable of tracking location based on wheelchair user consent and detecting obstacles within a 10cm range. The newly built prototype has a quick response time while maneuvering around with the joystick, and solar power can last for less than 3 hours
Mobile-based peer-to-peer learning prototype for smallholder dairy producers
Authors:   , Mavura Fatuma
Published: October 2023

About half of Africa's animal production comes from smallholder dairy farmers, who employ various strategies to maximize milk output. Some time-consuming and expensive heuristics are used by smallholder dairy farmers to increase milk yield, trapping them in a cycle of failure and lowering their incentive to continue making agricultural investments. Grouping smallholder dairy producers with comparable characteristics makes information sharing and interventions easier, increasing milk output. This study aimed at developing a mobile-based peer-to-peer learning prototype which considers farmers’ homogeneity with respect to husbandry practices and auto-allocates them to their respective production clusters. The developed prototype's rule-based engine handles the auto-allocation procedure by grouping farmers with similar farming characteristics into the proper production clusters. Smallholder dairy producers exchange knowledge and expertise through these groups to increase milk output. In Tanzania's Arusha Region, 69 smallholder dairy farmers and nine extension workers responded to a questionnaire to provide information, which was then analyzed using R programming. The important findings are; smallholder dairy producers were automatically allocated to their clusters based on their milk output. Cluster position regarding milk yields was determined using cluster performance for overall production attributes. Consequently, high yielding smallholder dairy producers are assigned to the high-yielding cluster, and vice versa, and extension officers provide timely support. This study is unique since smallholder dairy producers may use it to share dairy farming expertise and boost milk output. Mobile-based peer-to-peer should be integrated with the market by engaging enterprises that process milk for other milk products
Developing a high-performance soil fertility status prediction voting ensemble using brute exhaustive optimization in automated multiprecision weights of hybrid classifiers
Authors:   , Josephat Augustine
Published: October 2023

With the advent of machine learning (ML) techniques, various algorithms have been applied in previous studies to develop models for predicting soil fertility status. However, these models are observed to use varying fertility target classes, and variations have been reported in these models' predictive performances. As a result, practical applications of these models for obtaining the most accurate predictions may become hindered. While the weighted voting ensemble (WVE) ML technique can be used to improve soil fertility status prediction by aggregating individual models prediction, guaranteeing finding of an optimal WVE assignment weights is challenging. Whereas a brute exhaustive search procedure can be applied for the mentioned task, there is a lack of exploration on the exploitation of automated classifiers' precise weights combinations as search spaces for successful optimization. This research aims to develop a high-performance soil fertility status prediction voting ensemble using brute exhaustive optimization in automated 1EXP(-)Z+ multi-precision weights of hybrid classifiers. Soil chemical properties and ML modeling algorithms for modeling soil fertility status were identified. Base hybrid ML classification models for predicting soil fertility status were evaluated using Tanzania as a case study. Finally, the base ML hybrids WVE models were optimized using brute exhaustive search procedure’s novel developed search spaces generation algorithm for guaranteed optimal solution finding. The research was designed using design science research methodology, with the application of unsupervised machine learning K-mean algorithm with a knee detection method to find the optimal number of soil fertility status target classes, and supervised learning algorithms were applied to model classifiers for those optimal classes. Three soil fertility target classes were identified by clustering technique. The model achieved on test data a predictive accuracy of 98.93%, with respective AUC of 82%, 83%, and 87% for low, medium, and high soil fertility targets classes. Whereas these performances are observed higher compared to models in previous studies, 92% correct classifications were obtained on validation against external unseen laboratory-based tested soil results. Therefore, soil testing laboratories and farmers should consider using the model to smartly manage soil fertility which may lead to improved crop growth and productivity. The government could set agricultural-related policies that require the use of the model by farmers with the provision of agricultural inputs subsidies. Future work could be to develop an integrated real-time web and mobile application for providing farmers with soil fertility status information.
Occurrence of aflatoxins and associated risk factors in dairy value chain in selected districts of three agro-ecological zones in Tanzania
Authors:   , Kitigwa Steven
Published: October 2023

Aflatoxins are natural compounds produced by specific type of fungi, which contaminate foods and animal feeds. This study assessed the occurrence of aflatoxins and associated risk factors in livestock feeds and raw cow milk through a survey of the smallholder dairy farmers (SDFs) and agrovet dealers from Mpwapwa, Serengeti, and Hai districts which represent three agroecological zones (Semi-arid, Arid and Northern Highlands) in Tanzania. The findings showed that the level aflatoxin awareness among SDFs (23.2%) and agrovet dealers (50%), respectively. The prevalence of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in livestock feeds from agrovet dealers, and SDFs was 88.5 and 86.2%, with a concentration ranging from a limit of detection (LOD) to 22.99 and 32.9 µg/kg, respectively. About 15% and 22% of feed samples from agrovet dealers and SDFs respectively were detected with AFB1 at levels exceeding their respective regulatory limits. The prevalence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in cow raw milk was 30.7%, and about 27.9% exceeding the European Union (EU) maximum regulatory limits of 0.05 µg/L and about 19.9% exceeding the Tanzania and East Africa maximum regulatory limits of 0.5 µg/L. The risk factors associated with AFB1 and AFM1 were cattle feeding systems: zero-grazing (Odds Ratio (OR) = 11.3) and mixed feeding (OR = 16.0); feed handling and storage practices: (OR=2.0). Others are agroecological zones: semi-arid zone (OR=15.2) and northern highland zone (OR=2.1) and level of education: primary (OR =16.0) and secondary (OR = 8.0) (p <0.05). This study has revealed low level of awareness on aflatoxin contamination in animal feeds and cow raw milk suggesting a potential health risk to consumers. It is therefore vital to raise awareness and strengthen other intervention for aflatoxin control in order to control aflatoxin contamination along the dairy value chain.
Field evaluation of a novel one step malaria p.f and p.f/p.v rapid diagnostic tests in Pwani region, Tanzania
Authors:   , Mwangonela, Zena
Published: October 2023

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) play an important role in the early detection of symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria in endemic areas. While several mRDTs are currently on the market, the availability of mRDTs with high sensitivity and specificity will add value in the fight against malaria. We evaluated the field performance for malarial diagnosis of a novel One Step Malaria (P.f/P.v) Tri-line and One Step Malaria (P.f) rapid test kits in Pwani, Tanzania. In a cross-sectional study conducted in Bagamoyo and Kibiti districts in Tanzania, symptomatic patients were tested using the SD BIOLINE, One Step Malaria (P.f/P.v) Tri-line and One Step Malaria (P.f) rapid test kits, microscope and qPCR. Samples tested positive by microscope, and verified by qPCR as the confirmatory method were analysed to determine sensitivity of the test kits. An additional qPCR assay was carried out to detect HRP-2 gene deletion on mRDT negative but microscope and qPCR positive samples. The sensitivity and specificity of One-step P.f/P.v Tri line mRDTs was 96.0% (CI: 93.5% to 97.7%) and 98.3% (CI: 96.8% to 99.2%) respectively. One step P.f mRDT had sensitivity and specificity of 95.2% (CI: 92.5% to 97.1%) and 97.9% (CI: 96.3% to 99.0%), respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) was 97.6 % (CI:95.4% to 98.7%) and negative predictive value (NPV) was 96.2% (CI:95.5% to 98.3%) for the One-step P.f/P.v Tri line mRDTs., while One step P.f mRDT had positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.0% (CI:94.8% to 98.3% ) and 96.7(CI:94.9% to 97.9%), respectively. 9.8 % (CI: 7.84 -11.76) of all samples tested and reported to be malaria-negative by mRDT had HRP-2 gene deletion. One Step Malaria (P.f/P.v) Tri-line and One Step Malaria (P.f) rapid test kits have similar sensitivity and specificity as the standard mRDT that is currently in the market, demonstrating the potential to contribute in the fight against malaria in endemic areas. However, the identified malaria parasites population with HRP-2 gene deletion pose threat to the current mRDT usefulness in the field and warrants further investigations.
Scientometric Analysis on Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS)
Authors: Slamet Rusydiana Aam , Sari Mia , Maysyaroh Siti
Published: October 2023

This study aims to conduct a scientometric analysis of the literature related to Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) in the context of waqf. The scientometric method is used to measure and analyze the development patterns, research contributions, and interactions between researchers in the CWLS domain. Data was collected through the scientific literature platform Dimensions.ai with relevant keywords. Data visualization was also used to understand the relationship between authors, publications, and key concepts in CWLS literature. The results of this analysis provide insights into the development of research, key contributions of researchers, as well as the evolution of concepts in CWLS. This study provides a more comprehensive view through research paths with specific theme clusters of the CWLS-related literature and helps identify key patterns and important contributions in understanding the implications of Islamic economics and finance in the context of waqf.
Review on Zakat Core Principles (ZCP) Literatures
Authors: Anwar Adem Shikur  , Siti Maysyaroh
Published: October 2023

This research aims to map research related to the zakat core principle that has been published in journals indexed in Dimensions from 2016 to 2023. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with the support of NVivo software. The results of this study reveal that cluster analysis also explains research lines that include aspects such as zakat management, zakat technology, and zakat governance. These findings provide in-depth insight into the various perspectives and issues that exist in the zakat core principle literature. The implication of this research is that zakat management, the application of technology in zakat management, and effective governance in zakat institutions have a crucial role in implementing the core principles of zakat. These results can be a basis for better understanding the complexity of zakat core principles and contribute to improving zakat management practices by considering various relevant perspectives and aspects.
New Finding on Zakat Efficiency Measurement in Indonesia 2016-2022
Authors: Mimma Maripatul Uula  , Nun Maziyyah
Published: October 2023

This research aims to measure the efficiency of zakat amil institutions in Indonesia using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method for the 2016-2022 research period. The research objects used were 21 zakat institutions in Indonesia. The data from this research comes from the annual financial reports of each institution for the 2016-2022 period. The input variables in this research are employee costs, operational costs and total assets. And the output variable is the collection and distribution of zakat. The results of this research explain that during the 2016-2022 period, the level of efficiency of zakat institutions in Indonesia has a fluctuating trend from year to year and tends to increase. Based on the average efficiency score, it can be concluded that no zakat institution in Indonesia has reached the maximum level of efficiency. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on the efficiency level of Zakat Institutions. Then, the potential improvement analysis shows that the collection and distribution of zakat is the variable that causes the biggest inefficiency in zakat institutions. The results of the benchmarking analysis concluded that BMM and DD zakat institutions were the institutions with the most referrals.
Riba in Islamic Economics and Finance
Authors: Lina Marlina  , Aisyah As Salafiyah  , Ahlis Fatoni  , Nurismalatri  , Purnama Putra
Published: October 2023

Islam, Judaism, and Christianity prohibit Riba from economic and finance. The firm refusal of the practice of riba is because it negatively affects society, spiritual morals, social life, and the economic sector. This study aims to find out the development map and trend of riba published in Islamic economics and finance. The data analyzed were more than 169 research publications indexed by Scopus. The export data is then processed and analyzed using R Biblioshiny software to determine the bibliometric map of the development of riba. The result shows that the number of publications on the development of riba in Islamic economics and finance research increases continuously. This study provides a comprehensive explanation of usury and finds that usury negatively impacts both spiritually, socially and economically. This study is a comprehensive study that discusses the theme of redefining riba in bibliometric analysis.
Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) In Indonesia
Authors: Slamet Rusydiana Aam , Kartika Ocktavia Annisa , Salmah Siti
Published: October 2023

Currently, the government has made a new innovation in the world of waqf, namely Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) which is a form of social investment by collecting funds through cash waqf, then invested in state sukuk. The purpose of this research is to see the extent of development and sentiment towards Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS). The method used is descriptive statistical analysis combined with meta and sentiment analysis of secondary data in the form of metadata from 53 Dimension indexed articles, then processed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SentiStrenght software. The analysis shows that the topic of Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) has a neutral sentiment of 39.7% followed by a positive sentiment of 37.7% and a negative sentiment of 22.6%. In addition, factors that influence positive and negative sentiments towards Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS) were also found. It can be concluded that CWLS can be a solution in increasing economic growth amid the Covid19 pandemic and economic recovery. From the results of this analysis, both positive and negative sentiments are challenges and opportunities for interested parties, including the government, academics and other stakeholders to provide a strong understanding of Cash Waqf Linked Sukuk (CWLS).
Analisis Dampak Bencana Banjir Lahar Dingin di Desa Sumberwuluh Kecamatan Candipuro
Authors: Fauzan Fadlan Ahmad , Nurcholis Nurcholis
Published: October 2023

Desa Sumberwuluh merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Candipuro Kabupaten Lumajang, yang mana di desa tersebut terdapat sungai (aliran air) yang cukup lebar yaitu Kali Regoyo namanya, namun antara kondisi ketinggian palung sungai dan permukiman warga serta lahan penghasilan warga hanya di bentengi tanggul setinggi 20meter dengan lebar 12meter sepanjang dari hulu sungai / kali Regoyo di bawah gladak / Jembatan Perak yang terputus oleh bencana erupsi semeru tahun 2021 kemarin. Akibat dari erupsi tersebut material yang mengisi kali Regoyo tersebut sangat banyak dan sampai meluap karena sungai tidak mampu menampung serta akibat adanya aktifitas tambang yang membuat tanggul penangkis sehingga pada saat hujan dan banjir lahar dingin terhenti sehingga meluap ke perkampungan dan lahan pertanian warga. Serta jumlah material yang jumlahnya jutaan kubik rata dengan sungai tersebut. Sehingga kondisi tersebut sangat memicu untuk terjadinya banjir ketika curah hujan naik. Ketika hujan turun dengan intensitas tinggi maka akan terjadi luapan air dari palung sungai tersebut. Hal tersebut terjadi karena sungai tidak mampu menampung debit air. Kemudia air meluap dan masuk ke pemukiman warga. Sehingga peneliti bermaksud melakukan penelitian di Desa Sumberwuluh Kecamatan Candipuro terkait banjir lahar dingin tersebut. Pada tanggal 07/07/2023 kemarin terjadi banjir lahar dingin yang sangat dahsyat sehingga memutus jembatan gantung yang dibangun oleh pemerintah senilai 9 miliar dan baru di resmikan tahun 2021 kemarin. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tahu penyebab dari banjir lahar dingin yang meluap ke perkampungan dan mencari solusi terkait masalah banjir tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian lapangan (Field Research), yaitu dengan melakukan tinjauan ke lokasi penelitian secara langsung untuk melihat keadaan dari Desa Sumberwuluh. Kemudian pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap Kepala Dusun, Kaur Desa, sekretaris dan warga desa tersebut. untuk mengetahui pasti penyebab jebol nya tanggul dan meluapnya banjir di Desa Sumberwuluh.
My favourite Quora answers
Authors: von Csefalvay Chris
Published: October 2023

I used to be on Quora. I’m not anymore. But I used to be. And I wrote some answers. Here are some of my favourites, categorised by field… sort of.  AI If I wrote an AI and trained it to score 200 on a standardized IQ test, what could a human of 100 IQ still do better? There’s something called Moravec’s paradox, which I’d sum up as follows: stuff that’s difficult for humans is not the same as what’s difficult for a computer.
A different shade of grey
Authors: von Csefalvay Chris
Published: October 2023

In a recent paper that has attracted the interest of popular media as well, Fabio Urbina and colleagues examined the use (or rather, the abuse) of computational chemistry models of toxicity for generating toxic compounds and potential chemical agent candidates.(Urbina et al. 2022) Urbina and colleagues conclude that Urbina, Fabio, Filippa Lentzos, Cédric Invernizzi, and Sean Ekins. 2022.