bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Consumers’ Acceptance Intention to Use Mobile Food Delivery Applications through an Extended Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: An Soyoung , Eck Thomas , Yim Huirang
Published: January 2023

The rapid growth of the domestic food delivery market has led to intense market competition as the use of delivery applications has grown quickly. This study explored the variables of personal innovativeness, trust, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and intention to use such applications by testing the extended technology acceptance model (ETAM). By using Google Forms, data were collected from 10 May 2022 for a period of two weeks from Koreans who have experience using mobile food delivery applications. A total of 296 responses were used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that personal innovativeness had a positive effect on perceived ease of use. Trust was found to positively affect perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. The variables perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness significantly influenced intention to use food delivery applications. This current research study provides practical implications by suggesting that ease of use with food delivery applications deserves further consideration. It was shown to be a key factor in increasing the intention to use such applications and can help to influence the creation of strategies to enhance continuous usage.
Application of Entropy-Based Ecologic Indicators for Intrinsic Sustainability Assessment of EU27 Member States Waste Management Systems at Technosphere Level
Authors: Di Maria Francesco , Maalouf Amani
Published: January 2023

Starting from the specific entropy (SE) indicator, which is well exploited by ecologists for investigating the status of health and the development tendency of ecosystems, a specific entropy per amount of exergy gained (SEEG) was proposed in this study for assessing the intrinsic sustainability of systems in the technosphere. According to the SE, the lower the SEEG indicator, the higher the intrinsic sustainability of the investigated system. This indicator was used for assessing the intrinsic sustainability of the main waste management (WM) systems of the different EU27 member states (MS). The main findings demonstrate average values of SEEG of about 0.0026 and 0.009 for composting and recycling, respectively. For incineration and landfilling, SEEG was 1.310 and 1.333, respectively. This indicates that incineration activity has a lower intrinsic sustainability. Concerning WM systems, lower values of SEEG were detected for EU 27 MS with recycling and composting percentages of waste >55%. Therefore, the maximization of percentages of waste recycled and composted, as well as solid recovered fuel production, are preferred over incineration.
Enhanced Rate of Enzymatic Saccharification with the Ionic Liquid Treatment of Corn Straw Activated by Metal Ion Solution
Authors: Zeng Guoming , Fan Xuanhao , Wang Fei , Luo Yang , Liang Dong , Han Yongguang , Gao Pei , Wang Quanfeng , Wang Jiale , Yu Chunyi , Jin Libo , Sun Da
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper was to effectively reduce environmental pollution and further improve the enzymatic hydrolysis rate of corn straw. Thus, a pretreatment method for activating cellulose by using ionic liquid to treat metal ion solution was developed. By investigating the effects of the three factors of substrate mass fraction, reaction temperature, and reaction time, and the interaction between the factors on the pretreatment effect, the response surface design method was used to optimize the conditions of ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) treatment of corn straw after activation, and the physicochemical structure and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency before and after treatment were compared and analyzed. The experimental results showed that the yield of reducing sugar was increased by 157.85% and 150.41%, respectively, compared with the untreated corn straw. The analysis of chemical composition and structure showed that the cellulose content of the material increased significantly by 68.11% and 60.54%, respectively, after ionic liquid treatment. The results of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the relative crystallinity of the material decreased after ionic liquid treatment, which was more conducive to the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose.
Association between Facial Metrics and Mate Rejection for Long-Term Relationship by Heterosexual Men
Authors: Pinheiro Luiza Penha , Monteiro Luis Carlos Pereira , Henriques Leonardo Dutra , Souza Givago Silva , Miranda Ana Catarina , Costa Marcelo Fernandes , Henriques Alda Loureiro
Published: January 2023

Investigations on mate choice in humans frequently report preferences, but there is little knowledge about what is important for rejection by a potential mate. The present study aims to verify if facial asymmetry and facial disharmony have an influence on mate rejection by men. We hypothesized that more asymmetric and disharmonious faces would be more rejected. For this purpose, photographs of women’s faces were presented in pairs by self-declared heterosexual men. It was requested they reject one of the faces as a potential mate for a long-term relationship. Women’s faces were also analyzed to measure facial asymmetry and facial disharmony. We used a linear mixed model to evaluate the effect of the cited metrics on each face’s number of rejections. We found that the female metrics influenced mate rejection only if associated with male age and income. The older participants rejected female partners with asymmetric faces. We suggest that aging makes men more demanding in mate choices, at least considering facial asymmetry. We concluded that rejection could be a key variable in mate choice studies, but further research is needed to clarify its effects.
Regularity Index of Uncertain Random Graph
Authors: Chen Lin , Zeng Li , Peng Jin , Ming Junren , Zhu Xianghui
Published: January 2023

A graph containing some edges with probability measures and other edges with uncertain measures is referred to as an uncertain random graph. Numerous real-world problems in social networks and transportation networks can be boiled down to optimization problems in uncertain random graphs. Actually, information in optimization problems in uncertain random graphs is always asymmetric. Regularization is a common optimization problem in graph theory, and the regularity index is a fundamentally measurable indicator of graphs. Therefore, this paper investigates the regularity index of an uncertain random graph within the framework of chance theory and information asymmetry theory. The concepts of k-regularity index and regularity index of the uncertain random graph are first presented on the basis of the chance theory. Then, in order to compute the k-regularity index and the regularity index of the uncertain random graph, a simple and straightforward calculating approach is presented and discussed. Furthermore, we discuss the relationship between the regularity index and the k-regularity index of the uncertain random graph. Additionally, an adjacency matrix-based algorithm that can compute the k-regularity index of the uncertain random graph is provided. Some specific examples are given to illustrate the proposed method and algorithm. Finally, we conclude by highlighting some potential applications of uncertain random graphs in social networks and transportation networks, as well as the future vision of its combination with symmetry.
Cytoprotective, Antiproliferative, and Anti-Oxidant Potential of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Fridericia chica Leaves on Human Cancer Cell Lines Exposed to α- and β-Zearalenol
Authors: Alvarez-Ortega Neda , Caballero-Gallardo Karina , Juan Cristina , Juan-Garcia Ana , Olivero-Verbel Jesus
Published: January 2023

Fridericia chica (Bignoniaceae) is a Colombian Caribbean plant with numerous health benefits, including properties such as wound healing, immune system stimulation, and antioxidant capacity, among others. Mycotoxins alpha-zearalenol (α-ZEL) and beta-zearalenol (β-ZEL) are phase I metabolites of zearalenone, a natural product involved in endocrine disruption and cell proliferation processes. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potential of the hydroethanolic extract of F. chica leaves (HEFc) and determine their protective effects against proliferation induced by α-ZEL and β-ZEL on human hepatoma HepG2, lung cancer Calu-1, and primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes, neonatal (HEKn). The cytotoxicity of HEFc was measured in a range from 4 to 1000 µg/mL and from 0.4 to 100 μM for both α-ZEL and β-ZEL. Cell production of intracellular ROS was monitored using the H2-DCFDA probe. The cells exposed to HEFc presented IC50 of 128, 249, and 602 µg/mL for the HepG2, Calu-1, and HEKn cells, respectively. A greater selectivity was seen in HepG2 cells [selectivity index (SI) = 3.5] than in Calu-1 cells (SI = 2.4). Cells treated with mycotoxins remained viable during the first day, and cell proliferation increased at low tested concentrations (0.4-6.3 µM) in all three cell lines. However, after 48 h treatment, cells exposed to 50 and 100 µM of α-ZEL and β-ZEL displayed decreased viability. HEFc at 16 µg/mL was able to give some protection against cytotoxicity induced by high concentrations of β-ZEL in HepG2, reducing also cell proliferation elicited at low levels of α-ZEL and β-ZEL. ROS production was not observed in cells treated with this HEFc concentration; however, it prevented ROS formation induced by treatment with 50 µM α-ZEL or β-ZEL. In summary, HEFc isolated from plants grown in northern Colombia displayed promising results against cell proliferation and oxidative stress caused by mycotoxins.
Missing Cases of Bacteriologically Confirmed TB/DR-TB from the National Treatment Registers in West and North Sumatra Provinces, Indonesia
Authors: Widoyo Ratno , Djafri Defriman , Putri Ade Suzana Eka , Yani Finny Fitry , Kusumawati R Lia , Wongsirichot Thakerng , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to assess the percentage of confirmed drug-sensitive (DS) TB and drug-resistant (DR) TB patients who were missing in the national treatment registration in North Sumatra and West Sumatra, where treatment services for DR-TB in North Sumatra are relatively well established compared with West Sumatra, where the system recently started. Confirmed DS/DR-TB records in the laboratory register at 40 government health facilities in 2017 and 2018 were traced to determine whether they were in the treatment register databases. A Jaro–Winkler soundexed string distance analysis enhanced by socio-demographic information matching had sensitivity and specificity over 98% in identifying the same person in the same or different databases. The laboratory data contained 5885 newly diagnosed records of bacteriologically confirmed TB cases. Of the 5885 cases, 1424 of 5353 (26.6%) DS-TB cases and 133 of 532 (25.0%) DR-TB cases were missing in the treatment notification database. The odds of missing treatment for DS-TB was similar for both provinces (AOR = 1.0 (0.9, 1.2), but for DR-TB, North Sumatra had a significantly lower missing odds ratio (AOR = 0.4 (0.2, 0.7). The system must be improved to reduce this missing rate, especially for DR-TB in West Sumatra.
Increasing Dengue Burden and Severe Dengue Risk in Bangladesh: An Overview
Authors: Kayesh Mohammad Enamul Hoque , Khalil Ibrahim , Kohara Michinori , Tsukiyama-Kohara Kyoko
Published: January 2023

Dengue is a prevalent and rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease affecting humans. The geographic range of dengue is expanding, and much like in many other tropical regions of the world, dengue has become a major public health issue in Bangladesh. Until a large epidemic dengue outbreak in 2000, sporadic outbreaks have occurred in Bangladesh since 1964. After 2000, varying intensities of dengue activity were observed each year until 2018. However, in 2019, Bangladesh experienced the largest dengue epidemic in its history, with 101,354 dengue cases and 164 dengue-related deaths. Notably, this outbreak occurred in many regions that were previously considered free of the disease. As of 10 December 2022, a total of 60,078 dengue cases and 266 dengue-related deaths were reported in Bangladesh, with the 2022 outbreak being the second largest since 2000. There is an increased genetic diversity of the dengue virus (DENV) in Bangladesh and all four DENV serotypes are prevalent and co-circulating, which increases the risk for severe dengue owing to the antibody-dependent enhancement effect. Vector control remains the mainstay of dengue outbreak prevention; however, the vector control programs adopted in Bangladesh seem inadequate, requiring improved vector control strategies. In this review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology of DENV infection and the risks for a severe dengue outbreak in Bangladesh. Additionally, we discuss different dengue vector control strategies, from which the most suitable and effective measures can be applied in the context of Bangladesh for tackling future dengue epidemics.
A Nomogram for Predicting Prognosis of Advanced Schistosomiasis japonica in Dongzhi County—A Case Study
Authors: Hong Zhong , Zhang Shiqing , Li Lu , Li Yinlong , Liu Ting , Guo Suying , Xu Xiaojuan , Yang Zhaoming , Zhang Haoyi , Xu Jing
Published: January 2023

Backgrounds: Advanced schistosomiasis is the late stage of schistosomiasis, seriously jeopardizing the quality of life or lifetime of infected people. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting mortality of patients with advanced schistosomiasis japonica, taking Dongzhi County of China as a case study. Method: Data of patients with advanced schistosomiasis japonica were collected from Dongzhi Schistosomiasis Hospital from January 2019 to July 2022. Data of patients were randomly divided into a training set and validation set with a ratio of 7:3. Candidate variables, including survival outcomes, demographics, clinical features, laboratory examinations, and ultrasound examinations, were analyzed and selected by LASSO logistic regression for the nomogram. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by concordance index (C-index), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). The calibration of the nomogram was evaluated by the calibration plots, while clinical benefit was evaluated by decision curve and clinical impact curve analysis. Results: A total of 628 patients were included in the final analysis. Atrophy of the right liver, creatinine, ascites level III, N-terminal procollagen III peptide, and high-density lipoprotein were selected as parameters for the nomogram model. The C-index, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the nomogram were 0.97 (95% [CI]: [0.95–0.99]), 0.78 (95% [CI]: [0.64–0.87]), 0.97 (95% [CI]: [0.94–0.98]), 0.78 (95% [CI]: [0.64–0.87]), 0.97 (95% [CI]: [0.94–0.98]) in the training set; and 0.98 (95% [CI]: [0.94–0.99]), 0.86 (95% [CI]: [0.64–0.96]), 0.97 (95% [CI]: [0.93–0.99]), 0.79 (95% [CI]: [0.57–0.92]), 0.98 (95% [CI]: [0.94–0.99]) in the validation set, respectively. The calibration curves showed that the model fitted well between the prediction and actual observation in both the training set and validation set. The decision and the clinical impact curves showed that the nomogram had good clinical use for discriminating patients with high risk of death. Conclusions: A nomogram was developed to predict prognosis of advanced schistosomiasis. It could guide clinical staff or policy makers to formulate intervention strategies or efficiently allocate resources against advanced schistosomiasis.
Adaptive Robust Path Tracking Control for Autonomous Vehicles Considering Multi-Dimensional System Uncertainty
Authors: Chen Mengyuan , Ren Yue , Ou Minghui
Published: January 2023

As the bottom layer of the autonomous vehicle, path tracking control is a crucial element that provides accurate control command to the X-by-wire chassis and guarantees the vehicle safety. To overcome the deterioration of control performance for autonomous vehicle path-tracking controllers caused by modeling errors and parameter perturbation, an adaptive robust control framework is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the 2-DOF vehicle dynamic model is established and the non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control algorithm is adopted to formulate the control law. The unmeasured model disturbance and parameter perturbation is regarded as the system uncertainty. To enhance the control accuracy, the radial basis forward neural network is introduced to estimate such uncertainty in real time. Then, the dynamic model of an active front steering system is established. The model reference control algorithm is applied for the steering torque control considering model uncertainty brought by the dissipation of manufacturing and mechanical wear. Finally, the Simulink–CarSim co-simulation platform is used and the proposed control framework is validated in two test scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate the proposed adaptive robust control algorithm has satisfactory control performance and good robustness against the system uncertainty.
CUANTIFICACIÓN DE CADMIO Y PLOMO EN GRANOS DE SOJA (Glycine max) COMERCIALIZADOS EN EL CANTÓN QUEVEDO, ECUADOR.
Authors: Barragan Monrroy Roberto Johan , Bravo Sánchez Luis Ramón , Torres Puentes Julio Cesar
Published: January 2023

La contaminación por cadmio y plomo en cultivos agrícolas representa uno de los problemas ambientales más graves, debido a su naturaleza no biodegradable. Las altas concentraciones de cadmio y plomo son un riesgo para la salud de las personas por el consumo de alimentos contaminados. La soja se destaca por tener una alta tolerancia a los metales tóxicos. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue cuantificar los niveles de cadmio y plomo en granos de soja (Glycine max) comercializados en el cantón Quevedo, Ecuador. Para el análisis de las muestras recolectadas aleatoriamente por triplicado, se pesaron aproximadamente dos (2) g de soja que fueron introducidos en la mufla (600°C) durante dos (2) horas. Las muestras una vez calcinadas, se disolvieron en cinco (5) mL de una disolución de HNO3 al 1%. La cuantificación de cadmio y plomo se realizó por espectrometría de absorción atómica con llama. Las concentraciones mínimas y máximas de plomo encontradas en granos de soja fueron 0,61 y 2,06 mg. Kg-1, respectivamente, superando los niveles máximos y los límites máximos permisibles establecidos por el Codex Alimentarius y la Unión Europea. En el caso del cadmio también se encontraron concentraciones significativas (0,02-0,07 mg.kg-1), pero, en este caso, los valores se encuentran dentro de los intervalos establecidos. Considerando estos resultados es necesario llevar a cabo una revisión y modificación de los criterios establecidos sobre la calidad de los suelos agrícolas y el uso excesivo de agroquímicos, fortaleciendo el diseño de estrategias que conduzcan a la prevención de la contaminación de los mismos.
Revisión conceptual y normativa de las nociones asociadas a la redistribución equitativa de frecuencias establecida en la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación de Ecuador desde 2013 a 2019
Authors: Jurado Vargas Romel Gustavo
Published: January 2023

Este artículo explora el alcance y la interrelación de las nociones conceptuales y normativas de concentración de las frecuencias, democratización de la comunicación, medios de alcance nacional y redistribución equitativa de frecuencias que usaron actores sociales, académicos y políticos en la fundamentación y formulación de la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación (LOC). Con la metodología empleada se recogieron, organizaron y analizaron artículos científicos, leyes y proyectos de ley, así como notas de prensa que documentan las posiciones e ideas sobre el tema.
 
Entre los principales resultados tenemos que, para los actores sociales y políticos que promovieron la democratización de la comunicación, estas nociones conceptuales y normativas se articularon para impedir la concentración de la propiedad de los medios de comunicación que operan con frecuencias del espectro radioeléctrico; establecer severas restricciones a la inversión de entidades financieras y comerciales en medios de comunicación de alcance nacional; limitar drásticamente que personas extranjeras residentes en el exterior sean propietarios  de medios de comunicación social de alcance nacional; hacer accesible a los actores comunitarios y públicos un conjunto de frecuencias de similar magnitud a la que tienen derecho a operar los actores privados de la comunicación; establecer principios y mecanismos eficaces de participación y acceso a los medios de comunicación para los ciudadanos; y, establecer medidas afirmativas para la creación y funcionamiento de medios comunitarios.
A Survey of Transoral Robotic Mechanisms: Distal Dexterity, Variable Stiffness, and Triangulation
Authors: Gu Xiaoyi , Ren Hongliang
Published: January 2023

Robot-assisted technologies are being investigated to overcome the limitations of the current solutions for transoral surgeries, which suffer from constrained insertion ports, lengthy and indirect passageways, and narrow anatomical structures. This paper reviews distal dexterity mechanisms, variable stiffness mechanisms, and triangulation mechanisms, which are closely related to the specific technical challenges of transoral robotic surgery (TORS). According to the structure features in moving and orienting end effectors, the distal dexterity designs can be classified into 4 categories: serial mechanism, continuum mechanism, parallel mechanism, and hybrid mechanism. To ensure adequate adaptability, conformability, and safety, surgical robots must have high flexibility, which can be achieved by varying the stiffness. Variable stiffness (VS) mechanisms based on their working principles in TORS include phase-transition-based VS mechanism, jamming-based VS mechanism, and structure-based VS mechanism. Triangulations aim to obtain enough workspace and create adequate traction and counter traction for various operations, including visualization, retraction, dissection, and suturing, with independently controllable manipulators. The merits and demerits of these designs are discussed to provide a reference for developing new surgical robotic systems (SRSs) capable of overcoming the limitations of existing systems and addressing challenges imposed by TORS procedures.
Intelligent Computing: The Latest Advances, Challenges, and Future
Authors: Zhu Shiqiang , Yu Ting , Xu Tao , Chen Hongyang , Dustdar Schahram , Gigan Sylvain , Gunduz Deniz , Hossain Ekram , Jin Yaochu , Lin Feng , Liu Bo , Wan Zhiguo , Zhang Ji , Zhao Zhifeng , Zhu Wentao , Chen Zuoning , Durrani Tariq S. , Wang Huaimin , Wu Jiangxing , Zhang Tongyi , Pan Yunhe
Published: January 2023

Computing is a critical driving force in the development of human civilization. In recent years, we have witnessed the emergence of intelligent computing, a new computing paradigm that is reshaping traditional computing and promoting digital revolution in the era of big data, artificial intelligence, and internet of things with new computing theories, architectures, methods, systems, and applications. Intelligent computing has greatly broadened the scope of computing, extending it from traditional computing on data to increasingly diverse computing paradigms such as perceptual intelligence, cognitive intelligence, autonomous intelligence, and human–computer fusion intelligence. Intelligence and computing have undergone paths of different evolution and development for a long time but have become increasingly intertwined in recent years: Intelligent computing is not only intelligence oriented but also intelligence driven. Such cross-fertilization has prompted the emergence and rapid advancement of intelligent computing. Intelligent computing is still in its infancy, and an abundance of innovations in the theories, systems, and applications of intelligent computing is expected to occur soon. We present the first comprehensive survey of literature on intelligent computing, covering its theory fundamentals, the technological fusion of intelligence and computing, important applications, challenges, and future perspectives. We believe that this survey is highly timely and will provide a comprehensive reference and cast valuable insights into intelligent computing for academic and industrial researchers and practitioners.
Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi ve Psikolojik Esneklik ile İlgili Araştırmaların İncelenmesi
Authors: ULUBAY Gizem , GÜVEN Mehmet
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışma ile Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi ve psikolojik esneklik ile ilgili Türkiye’de yapılan araştırmaların sistematik analizi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla araştırmacılar tarafından belirlenen anahtar sözcükler, dahil etme ve hariç tutma kriterleri kullanılarak Ulusal Tez Merkezi, Google Scholar, ULAKBİM, Dergipark veri tabanlarından ulaşılan 16 tam metin makale, 21 yüksek lisans, 11 doktora ve 5 tıpta uzmanlık tezi olmak üzere toplam 53 araştırma analize tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre incelenen araştırmaların ağırlıklı olarak tezlerden ve ilişkisel çalışmalardan, örneklemlerin ise yetişkinler ve herhangi bir klinik tanısı bulunmayan bireylerden oluştuğu görülmektedir Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi ve psikolojik esneklik ile ilişkisi incelenen araştırmalar içerisinde en fazla ele alınan kavramlar; farkındalık, depresyon, anksiyete, madde kullanımı/bağımlılığı, şema, psikolojik iyi oluş olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgulara göre psikolojik esneklik; anksiyete, anlam arayışı, duygulardan kaçınma, inkâr, ruminasyon, tükenmişlik, sınav kaygısı, belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük, aleksitimi, Covid-19 kaygısı ile negatif; yaşam anlamının varlığı, yeterlik algısı, evlilik uyumu, mesleki doyum, psikolojik iyi oluş, otantiklik, yaşam doyumu, uyku kalitesi ile pozitif ilişkilidir. Ayrıca psikolojik esneklik kavramıyla ilgili çalışmalarda ilişkisel, Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisi ile ilgili çalışmalarda ise deneysel araştırmalar ön planda yer almaktadır. Bulgular doğrultusunda Kabul ve Kararlılık Terapisinin sağaltıcı ve psikolojik esnekliğin ruh sağlığı için koruyucu bir faktör olduğu belirlenmiştir.
The Myth of Habituation in the Akananuru
Authors: D Muthuraman
Published: January 2023

The society of the Sangam age is an excellent cultural base. Customary practices represent the way of life of the Tamils two thousand years ago. The special customs and traditions found in society are called "cultures." All our ancient Tamil pieces of literature extol the cultural aspects of our forefathers. Akananuru is the repository that contains all the life, history, beliefs, and customs of the people of the Sangam age. Akananuru is an expression of myth. It is known that there were types of marriage where the man and the woman were married without the consent of the parents and with the consent of the parents in the marriage system. It is special that they got married on a good day. Young boys built sand houses and played ball games. They cheered and enjoyed playing Kuravai Koothu (an entertaining dance of females) and Thunangai Koothu (a religious dance of females). Tunangai Koothu was unique in that it was exclusively for women. Trades were divided based on the land. Apart from these, it can be known that there were many castes such as potters, carpenters, and paraiyars. Trading was one of our customs. It can be seen that they excelled not only in domestic trade but also in foreign trade.
The Four Types of Varunathar Culture in Sangam Literature
Authors: S.P Induja
Published: January 2023

The Sangam literature clearly captures the way of life and cultural characteristics of the ancient Tamils. It is the Sangam literature that reveals the antiquity and venerability of the Tamil people even today. Literature is composed of beautiful songs that are rich in ideas and imagination. It is through these verses that the backgrounds of the Brahmins, Kings, Vellalas, and Merchants who existed at that time can be understood. The occupations, customs, rituals, etc., of the people who lived in ancient society can be traced back to the Sangam literature. The Tamil language is the classical language of the world's languages. Literature in this language has innumerable details about culture. But in today's environment, culture is only found in the books we read. The purpose of this article is to reveal that the only truth is the idea that everyone, from the common man to the educated, is changing according to the times and the environment.
Factors Affecting Consumer Attractions in Urban Complex Commercial Facilities at Hongik University Station
Authors:   Korea Real Estate Research Institute, Choi Nam Seok , Lee Sang Youb
Published: January 2023

As the competition among existing commercial facilities intensified, the number of complex commercial facilities around the Seoul metropolitan area increased rapidly in 2010. Moreover, the increase in shopping content, such as global SPA, category killers, and lifestyle editing stores, accelerated the opening of complex commercial facilities. The continued expansion of the online market and the recent prolonged COVID-19 pandemic have made it difficult for commercial real estate to survive while changing consumption patterns and trends. Therefore, this study attempted to present implications for developing urban commercial facilities by analyzing consumer attraction factors and preferences for detailed categories using the AHP (analytic hierarchy process) technique for urban complex commercial facilities near Hongik University Station, where the MZ generation is the main consumer. The results show that “transportation convenience” expected in previous studies, “food facilities” reflecting recent consumption patterns and behaviors, and “frequency of exposure to SNS” were important factors affecting consumer audiences. Therefore, in the future, development and operation strategies should be formulated to ensure that offline-only discriminatory factors and new communication with customers have complementary synergy effects along with existing important attraction factors.
Proposta para pesquisar “filmes de conversação”
Authors: Garcia Alexandre Rafael
Published: January 2023

Este artigo apresenta a fundamentação teórica utilizada para a pesquisa de um grupo de filmes que identificaremos como “filmes de conversação”, de diferentes épocas e locais, que possuem traços comuns e que podem ser vistos como integrantes de um mesmo estilo cinematográfico. A proposta tem relação com a abordagem de historiadores das artes visuais, como Michael Baxandall, e do cinema, como David Bordwell, caracterizando o que chamamos de história estética do cinema. O objetivo é apresentar um arcabouço teórico e metodológico para a abordagem dos “filmes de conversação”, traçando a história de um estilo cinematográfico ao mesmo tempo que se faz a definição desse novo conceito, podendo também servir de exemplo para a pesquisa de qualquer grupo de filmes sob a ótica da criação artística.
A crueldade semiótica a partir de Antonin Artaud e do experimentalismo do filme {TRANSMISSÃO}
Authors: Menegat Shico , Leites Bruno
Published: January 2023

O artigo pretende discutir a crueldade de Antonin Artaud a partir de um viés comunicacional, recuperando suas problemáticas sobre o signo, a linguagem e o corpo para encontrar meios de analisar o filme {TRANSMISSÃO} (2020), de Luiz Päetow. Percorremos o teatro da crueldade enquanto uma proposta a ser expandida e cuja força encontra atualizações e expansões em distintas mídias e na contemporaneidade. Ao configurarmos uma crueldade semiótica artaudiana, observamos no filme a produção de corpos que não visam representar e significar, mas que irrompem sensações por sua materialidade crua. Na primeira cena, analisamos uma relação estritamente violenta a partir da câmera que invade a boca do ator mostrando um avesso do órgão. Já na segunda cena, vemos como a linguagem é operada pela dissociação entre a materialidade da fala e o significado das palavras.
ESTIMATIVA DA DEMANDA DE FLUXO DE TRÁFEGO DA RODOVIA BR 415 PARA UM HORIZONTE FUTURO DE DEZ ANOS A PARTIR DE 2018
Authors: NASCIMENTO TEIXEIRA NIEL , SILVA COUTINHO ELAINE , RIBEIRO SANTANA VIEIRA JOÃO
Published: January 2023

The study of traffic is fundamental in the quantitative of vehicles that transit in a highway, for a certain period. This article presents the BR 415 km 14 traffic study, Jorge Armado Highway, analyzing the current highway capacity and future demand for ten years, identifying the service level and the functional class, the average daily volume, to determine the demand of the highway. The Highway Capacity Method - HCM - was used for single lane highways. The method consists in classifying the level of service by the percentage of time spent following and the average speed of travel of the highway under analysis. The volume of traffic on the highway was high, over 10,000 vehicles per day. The highway operates at the limit of its capacity, there are difficulties of maneuvers, reduced speeds and the volume of traffic is unstable, sometimes causing congestion.
Formulasi Masker Gel Peel Off Ekstrak Kulit Buah Langsat (Lansium domesticum L) dengan Variasi PVA (Polivinil Alkohol)
Authors: Samsul Een , Jumain Jumain , Sinala Santi
Published: January 2023

Masker merupakan salah satu jenis perawatan kosmetik yang banyak digunakan dan dikenal oleh masyarakat. Kosmetik didefinisikan sebagai bahan yang dioleskan. Masker gel peel off dideskripsikan sebagai sediaan kosmetik perawatan kulit berbentuk gel yang dapat dilepas atau terkelupas seperti selaput elastis setelah dioleskan pada kulit selama beberapa waktu hingga mengering. Karena dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik masker yang dihasilkan, maka pembentukan lapisan film merupakan tambahan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap formula masker gel peel-off. Salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan untuk membuat lapisan film adalah PVA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan ekstrak kulit buah langsat menjadi sediaan masker gel peel-off dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan variasi konsentrasi PVA yang stabil terhadap sediaan masker gel peel-off. Masker gel peel-off dibuat dengan konsentrasi polivinil alkohol (PVA) yang berbeda: 10%, 12,5%, 15%. Evaluasi mutu fisik dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah penyimpanan sediaan masker wajah gel peel-off terutama percepatan penyimpanan melalui metode (freeze thaw) sebanyak 6 siklus yang meliputi homogenitas, viskositas, pengamatan organoleptik, waktu kering, pengukuran pH, dan daya sebar. Ekstrak kulit buah langsat dapat dibuat menjadi sediaan masker gel peel-off, menurut hasil penelitian. Hasil mutu fisik sediaan menunjukkan bahwa formula dengan konsentrasi PVA 12,5% dan 15% memenuhi syarat mutu fisik.
Formulasi Krim Tabir Surya Ekstrak Daun Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa A.N. Duch) Asal Malino, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Daud Nur Saadah , Musdalipah Musdalipah , Karmilah Karmilah , Hikma Eny Nur , Tee Selfyana Austin , Rusli Nirwati , Fauziah Yulianti , Sari Evi Nur Indah
Published: January 2023

Daun stroberi (Fragaria x anannasa A.N. Duch) adalah salah satu bagian tanaman stroberi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai produk tabir surya. Kandungan senyawa fenolik daun stroberi memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan aktivitas tabir surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat krim tabir surya yang memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik sediaan dan penentuan Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) krim. Daun stroberi diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak daun stroberi dibuat dalam tiga formula pada konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%. Uji evaluasi fisik terhadap sediaan dilakukan dengan beberapa parameter pengujian yaitu uji organoleptik, uji pH, uji homogenitas, uji tipe krim dan uji daya sebar. Penentuan aktivitas tabir surya menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada      panjang      gelombang      290 nm - 320 nm. Parameter yang digunakan berdasarkan transmisi eritema (Te), transmisi pigmentasi (Tp) dan Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) pada krim tabir surya. Hasil penelitian menujukkan krim tabir surya (F1, F2, F3) berbentuk krim, berwarna hijau kecoklatan, dan aroma khas ekstrak. Sediaan homogen, tipe krim berupa sediaan minyak dalam air, nilai pH 6,0. Nilai SPF pada konsentrasi ekstrak 5, 10 dan 15% secara berturut-turut 5,94, 10,58 dan 14,65. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak, nilai SPF yang dihasilkan semakin besar. Formula 3 (15%) merupakan krim yang terbaik dengan nilai SPF tertinggi dengan kategori proteksi maksimal.
Potensi Bajakah Tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) Sebagai Antibakteri dan Antijamur Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Candida albicans
Authors: Mochtar Chaerul Fadly , Saleh Lysa Oktaviani , Hamzah Hasyrul , Ilyas Nita Magfirah
Published: January 2023

Bajakah Tampala merupakan tanaman asli Kalimantan Timur yang mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri, tetapi hingga saat ini aktivitas antibakteri dan antijamurnya terhadap S. aureus dan C. albicans belum ada yang melaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bajakah tampala sebagai antibakteri terhadap S. aureus dan antijamur C. albicans. Efektivitas antibakteri bajakah tampala terhadap  S. aureus dan antijamur C. albicans dilakukan menggunakan metode microbroth dilution dengan     melihat      nilai     minimal   inhibitory concentration (MIC50). Ekstrak etanol kulit bajakah tampala mempunyai senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid dan terpenoid. Ekstrak etanol bajakah tampala mempunyai aktivitas terhadap antibakteri S. aureus serta antijamur C. albicans. Oleh karena itu, etanol kulit bajakah tampala dapat dikembangkan menjadi kandidat agen antibakteri dan atijamur terhadap S. aureus dan C. albicans.
Potensi Ekstrak Kulit Buah Terong Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Dalam Sediaan Sirup Sebagai Imunomodulator Pencegah Covid-19
Authors: Firmansyah Firmansyah , Duppa Muhahammad Taufiq
Published: January 2023

Kulit buah Terong Belanda diketahui mengandung senyawa golongan fenol, flavonoid dan saponin yang  merupakan metabolit sekunder yang paling banyak terdapat dalam tanaman dan tumbuhan yang berperan sebagai antioksidan, membantu metabolisme seperti meningkatkan imunitas dan kesegaran tubuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek imunomodulator ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda yang dibuat dalam bentuk sirup sebagai pencegah Covid-19. Pembuatan ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda dengan cara Maserasi menggunakan Etanol 96%.  Ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda di buat dalam sediaan Sirup  dengan tiga formula yaitu formula I (ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda 5 %), formula II (ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda 10 %) dan formula III (ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda15 %). Hewan uji Mencit sebanyak 15 ekor terbagi dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok I (kontrol negative Na-CMC 1 % b/v), kelompok II kontrol positif (Ekstrak Echinacea, Elderberry, Zn Picolinate), kelompok III (sirup ekstrak 5 %), kelompok IV (sirup ekstrak 10 %) dan kelompok V (sirup    ekstrak     15 %). Perlakuan diberikan selama tujuh hari berturut-turut secara per oral dan pada hari ke delapan diinfeksikan Staphylococcus aureus 0,5 mL secara intraperitonial setiap kelompok. Apusan cairan peritoneum digunakan untuk menentukan aktivitas fagositosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji stabilitas dipercepat terhadap Sirup stabil setelah penyimpanan.  Sirup ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda memiliki efek imunomodulator yaitu kelompok V (sirup ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda konsentrasi 15 %) dengan rata-rata persentase nilai aktivitas fagositosisnya adalah  95,22 %. Dan kontrol positif (Imboost force®) 97,33%. Hasil analisis uji one way ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna dengan nilai sig. 0,036 < 0,05 yang berarti kontrol positif (Imboost Force®) memiliki efek imunomodulator yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sirup ekstrak kulit buah Terong Belanda.
Factores sociodemográficos asociados al Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería
Authors: Salcedo-Vite David Antonio , Morales-Fonseca Cristhian Fabricio , Jurado-Mendoza Diana Elizabeth , Romero-Vega Jimena Verónica
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Analizar los factores sociodemográficos asociados al Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería. Método: Es de tipo cuantitativa documental-bibliográfica que consistió en la revisión sistemática de artículos científicos indexados en bases de datos científicos ampliamente reconocidas, con el propósito de obtener los resultados de esta revisión de literatura científica, seleccionando varios artículos que dan soporte al tema de investigación. Resultados y conclusiones: El estado civil se ha asociado a este Síndrome con las personas que no tienen pareja estable, las personas solteras poseen mayor cansancio emocional. Se puedo observar que los factores sociodemográficos asociados al síndrome de Burnout influyen en el ejercicio de la profesión de enfermería sobre todos los relacionados a la edad y cantidad de hijos que existan en el hogar, el primer caso de manera negativa para los que inician las labores y el segundo caso de forma positiva ya que ayuda a afrontar las exigencias.
The Establishment and Dissolution of the Foreign Military 'Munitions base' in Bupyeong, Incheon, and the Present Meaning
Authors:   The Association Of Korean-Japanese National Studies, Cho Geon
Published: January 2023

Japanese and U.S. troops have long been stationed in Bupyeong-gu, Incheon. The Japanese and U.S. forces had a different time and purpose when they were stationed in Bupyeong, but they all used Bupyeong as a Munitions base. This was according to the geopolitical position of Bupyeong. With the official return of the U.S. Army's Camp Market to Korea in 2019, there are no more foreign troops in Bupyeong. Bupyeong's history of foreign military presence ends, and now the task of how we can utilize the legacy left by them remains.
It was after the establishment of the Inchon Army Arsenal in 1939 that foreign troops were stationed in Bupyeong in earnest. As the Second Sino-Japanese War was prolonged, Japan tried to continue the imperialist invasion war by building a Munitions base on the Korean Peninsula. Since then, as Japan expanded its battlefield to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean, Bupyeong's importance has grown even more. In the end, Bupyeong became a place to prepare for the final showdown against U.S. military attacks. It is noteworthy that the Japanese military tried to pass on the “responsibility for harm” and “damage” by building the Munitions base in Bupyeong and mobilizing Koreans.
After liberation, the U.S. military built Ascom City in Bupyeong and gave it the role of a U.S. Munitions base in Korea. And for a long time it became a place to prepare for another form of war. As time passed, Ascom City, which had been vast, gradually decreased, and eventually, only the Camp Market remained in existence, but was returned to Korea in 2019. The return of the Camp Market means the end of Bupyeong's history of foreign military presence. In the future, we should consider using this place from a historical perspective.
Flexible Work Arrangements and Workplace Productivity: Examining The Nexus
Authors:   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria, Onyekwelu Njideka Phina , Monyei Ezieshi Francis ,   Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria, Muogbo Uju Sussan ,   Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam, Nigeria
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Purpose: This study investigates the nexus between flexible working arrangements (FWA) and the productivity of the selected workplaces across the 6 geo-political zones in Nigeria. Research methodology: The descriptive survey design was used, with a population of 600 businesses in chosen states throughout Nigeria's six geopolitical zones. Using the statistical procedure developed by Krejcie and Morgan (1970), a sample size of 234 was found. Data was acquired from primary sources, and descriptive (mean) and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data with a 5% level of significance. Results: Flexible work arrangements had a positive statistical effect on workplace productivity (R2 = 0.882359, F = 1545.089, p-value = 0.05). Limitations: One state does not efficiently represent the geopolitical zones. Contribution: FWA can influence the development of business policies and strategies as revealed in the study. As such, businesses must adapt and invest in strategies that support and facilitate FWA such as information and technology systems, as they have become crucial to both staff and workplace viability. Keywords: 1. Flexible work arrangement 2. ICT 3. Productivity 4. Strategy 5. Workplace
English Literature Students’ Pragmatic Knowledge: Analysis of Strategy and Politeness of Refusal
Authors: Nuzulia Rahma , Agustina Pradipta
Published: January 2023

This study investigates and describes English literature students’ pragmatic knowledge in uttering English refusal statements in different situations (request, invitation, suggestion, offering). The purpose of this study is to analyze and describe students’ refusal strategy and politeness strategy while uttering English refusal. The participants in this study consisted of twenty-five undergraduate students, 7 males and 18 females, enrolled in the second and sixth semesters of the English literature department of Diponegoro University. The only instrument used by researchers in this study was a questionnaire based on Beebe et al.’s (1990) work. The result showed that the students use direct and indirect refusal strategies to refuse something. Most students prefer a direct refusal strategy to the interlocutors who are their peers (friends) or subordinates. However, some students (higher semester) prefer indirect strategies with their peers in some situations. It means that the students respect their interlocutor even though they are in a higher position. Moreover, in the politeness strategy, they use two types of strategies which are deference and solidarity politeness strategy. However, the students (higher semester) prefer to use the deference politeness strategy.
A STUDY ON AWARENESS ATTITUDE & PRACTICE REGARDING RABIES AMONG GENERALAND SLUM POPULATION IN KOLKATA
Authors: Ray Rituparna , Nath Jha Sankar , Chandra Archi
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Rabies is such a disease, which is nearly 100% preventable, but once rabies develops, it would denitely lead to highly painful
death, even in this era of medical marvel. India is the second largest contributor to Rabies mortality in the world. According to a recent report of
World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 55,000 human deaths are reported every year worldwide due to rabies, with an overwhelming
majority of 32,000 cases reported in Asia of which 20,000 occur in India. Aims: To know the general awareness about the rabies in general
population and to identify the level of general awareness and knowledge of wound management among the cases of dog or animal bite. Material
and Method: The study was observational, questionnaire-based study between 1 January 2019 to 30 June 2019. For the purpose of this thesis, a
descriptive correlational analytical survey was used, in which a qualitative approach was undertaken to determine the answers of mentioned
research questions. After collection of the available data, it was analysed in Medical College, Kolkata. 150 patients were included in this study
Result: We found that 77(51.3%) patients answered that bite from an infected animal people and animals can get rabies, 46(30.7%) patients
answered that several sorts of contact with an infected animal (e.g. bite, lick, scratch) people and animals can get rabies and 27(18.0%) patients had
don't know how can people and animals get rabies. It was found that 113(75.3%) patients had answered that the person who is infected with rabies
gets crazy/mad/dangerous, 10(6.7%) patients had answered that the person who is infected with rabies of some can get better/get treatment/do not
die and 27(18.0%) patients do not know. Proportion of upper class patients was signicantly higher than others. It was found that 60(40.0%)
patients had answered rabies treatable, 63(42.0%) patients had answered no and 27(18.0%) patients had answered do not know. Conclusion: The
knowledge, attitude and practices with respect to prevention and treatment of rabies were found adequate amongst the urban population. Thus,
community-based health education may be increased in these areas to create awareness regarding rabies.