bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Dynamic Model for Simulating Elephant-Lifting by Using a Tilting Frame
Authors: Mianpet Komsan , Thusneyapan Satjarthip
Published: December 2020

A rigid multi-body dynamic model of an elephant was developed for motion analysis during tilt-lifting. The elephant lifting to standing position is required by veterinarians to perform surgery and bedsores treatment. The elephant mechanism dynamic model (EMDM) was developed by simplifying the skeleton to simple straight linkages connected by joints. The model consisted of 10 bones and 9 joints. A mechanical harness model (MHM) was developed. Two harnesses were attached to the tilt-frame mechanism model (FMM) and the EMDM; this assembly became the elephant dynamic during tilt-lifting model (EDTM). The developed EDTM permitted us to observe the displacement, velocity, and acceleration responses at any location on the elephant. The model allowed the virtual study of the motion, and avoided the real elephant testing; thus, the cost, time, and resources were reduced and no conflict with the animal experimental ethics. The simulation was found to be a valuable tool for engineers to design a suitable elephant bed. It permitted us to observe the operation, safety, and precaution of the equipment.
Parameter Tuning of the Autonomous Boat in Fish Farming Industry with Design of Experiment
Authors: Thianwiboon Mongkol
Published: December 2020

This research studied the feasibility in applying the flight controller of the unmanned aerial vehicle on a pontoon boat in fish farming industry. A small-scale autonomous pontoon boat has been built, equipped with the open-hardware flight controller, GPS receiver, Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) and the magnetometer. A 23 factorial design based on Design of Experiment (DOE) is carried out to study the influence of three parameters (turn_rate, turn_angle and damping) on the response variable (peak-to-peak deviation from the desired trajectory). Total 24 experiments have been conducted by setting the desired trajectory as a circle with diameter 20 m. The peak-to-peak deviation in each experiment has been observed. The analyses revealed that the damping has low interaction with the turn angle and turn rate while there is a stronger interaction between the turn angle and turn rate. And the peak-to-peak deviation of the trajectory tends to decrease when the parameter damping was set to high value. The regression model has been derived and plotted as a response surface. The optimized parameters were selected from the plot and perform the experiment with three replications. The results confirm that parameters tuning has improved the performance of the boat significantly. With the DOE approach, the impact of two or more parameters on a response, the interaction between parameters can be investigated systematically. This approach is an effective way to tuning the parameters and can be applied to various kinds of the autonomous vehicle. A 23 factorial design based on Design of Experiment (DOE) is carried out to study the influence of three parameters (turn_rate, turn_angle and damping) on the response variable (peak-to-peak deviation from the desired trajectory). Total 24 experiments have been conducted by setting the desired trajectory as a circle with diameter 20 m. The peak-to-peak deviation in each experiment has been observed. The analyses revealed that the damping has low interaction with the turn angle and turn rate while there is a stronger interaction between the turn angle and turn rate. And the peak-to-peak deviation of the trajectory tends to decrease when the parameter damping was set to high value. The regression model has been derived and plotted as a response surface. The optimized parameters were selected from the plot and perform the experiment with three replications. The results confirm that parameters tuning has improved the performance of the boat significantly. With the DOE approach, the impact of two or more parameters on a response, the interaction between parameters can be investigated systematically. This approach is an effective way to tuning the parameters and can be applied to various kinds of the autonomous vehicle.
Two Different Portables Visible-Near Infrared and Shortwave Infrared Region for On-Tree Measurement of Soluble Solid Content of Marian Plum Fruit
Authors: Posom Jetsada , Soonnamtiang Navavit , Kotethum Patcharapong , Konjun Pakhpoom , Sirisomboon Panmanas , Saengprachatanarug Khwantri , Wongpichet Seree
Published: December 2020

The goal of this study was to predict the soluble solid content (SSC) of on-tree Marian plum fruit using two different wavelength range and algorithm. One of these was the commercial dispersion NIR spectrometer (MicroNIR 1700), providing shortwave infrared (SWIR), while the other was a making diode array spectrometer giving visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR). To search optimal model, the analytical ability of the two wavelength ranges spectrometers coupled with two algorithms: i.e. partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector machine regression (SVR), were investigated. Different spectral pre-processing methods were tested. The model providing the lowest root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) was selected. Overall, the proposed outcome was that the performance of SWIR was more accurate than Vis-NIR spectrometer, and that both SWIR and Vis-NIR coupled with PLSR algorithm had a higher accuracy than SVR algorithm. The best model for on-tree evaluation SSC was the SWIR constructed using the PLSR algorithm with the spectral pre-processing of the 2nd derivative, providing a coefficient of determination of calibration set (R2) of 0.81, a coefficient of determination of validation set (r2) of 0.76, RMSEP of 0.69 °Brix, and a relative standard error of prediction (RSEP) of 4.43%. The outcome showed that a portable SWIR spectrometer developed with PLSR could be used for monitoring the SSC of individual Marian plum fruit on-tree for quality assurance.
Economic Analysis of The Innovative Eco-Biofilter /Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) System for Community Wastewater Recycling
Authors: Taesopapong Sakran , Ratanatamskul Chavalit , Pornchaiwiseskul Pongsa
Published: December 2020

A prototype Eco-biofilter/MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) system has been developed and installed at a community in Chiang Rak Yai Sub-district, Sam Khok District, Pathum Thani Province, Thailand for community wastewater treatment and recycling. This research aims to investigate the performance of Eco-biofilter/MBR system, as well as the economic analysis of willingness to pay for wastewater treatment. A novel porous baked clay biofilter was also developed as an eco-friendly filter media to replace traditional plastic filter in order to reduce plastic pollution to water environment. The effluent quality from the system could meet the international standard for agricultural water reuse. The survey data for economic analysis were collected from the 281 households living in the studied area, analyzed by descriptive statistic and Contingent Valuation Method. The results show the fact that household’s land use has an inverse relationship while the water source use positively correlates to the value of willingness to pay for wastewater treatment at the statistical significance level of 0.05. The economic analysis of the innovative wastewater treatment system reveals the appropriate wastewater treatment fee at 7 THB per cubic meter of wastewater that is a breakeven point. In addition, the Eco-biofilter/MBR also shows many benefits both of direct and indirect benefits such as water reuse potential, opportunity economic value of treated effluent, and reducing medical expenses. The benefit to cost ratio is equal to 1.04.
Low Cost Solar Power System with Open Loop Tracking for Rural and Developing Areas
Authors: Atef Eidi Mohammad , Dumrichob Nitiwit , Jolivot Romuald , Mohammed Waleed , Sterckx Karel
Published: December 2020

Solar energy continues to enjoy interest and is becoming one of the important elements in the world's future energy consumption and economic growth. One way to increase the use of solar power systems, particularly in rural and developing areas, is through the employment of low cost, power efficient systems. This paper presents a possible low cost solution where an open loop tracking system is implemented with a small size 50 Watt (W) Monocrystalline Photovoltaic (PV) panel. The system’s performance is monitored at different tropical weather conditions. In addition, the output power is measured and compared between a static solar panel and one that includes the proposed tracking system. The measurements over the course of 6 months in Pathum Thani, north of Bangkok (Thailand), showed that the output energy with tracking system, on average, is 18 % higher than with static panel (45 Watt hour (Wh) compared to 36.5 Wh). The overall generated energy in 7 hours in a day are 315 Watt hour per day (Wh/day) and 255 Wh/day for tracking and static panel respectively. On rainy days, the average measured output power is reduced to 25% of that on the sunny days. The experimental results have been compared to those of a deduced first order simulation output and this over a period of five months. The experiment shows similarity in the trend between experimental and simulation results. Finally, multiple sensors were added to the solar unit, and measured environmental data sent obtained by these sensors were over a low bandwidth communication link, and recorded/processed on a remote server.
THIẾT KẾ CẢM BIẾN ĐỘ MẶN CỦA NƯỚC DÙNG SÓNG SIÊU ÂM
Authors: THƯ CAO BÙI
Published: December 2020

Thiết bị đo độ độ mặn online cho môi trường nước là một trong những thiết bị rất quan trọng trong việc giám sát và quản lý môi trường nước cho các trang trại nuôi trồng thủy hải sản. Yếu điểm của các thiết bị đo độ mặn hiện đang được dùng hiện nay trên thị trường là sử dụng phương pháp tiếp xúc trực tiếp qua màng trao đổi ion với môi trường nước thông qua các điện cực cảm biến. Với phương pháp này, theo thời gian, các điện cực sẽ bị bám màng bẩn và bị ăn mòn điện cực gây ra sai số lớn cho phép đo. Để khắc phục nhược điểm này, chúng tôi đề xuất một phương pháp hiệu quả hơn để đo độ mặn nước. Phương pháp đề nghị sử dụng cảm biến siêu âm để đo độ cao của phao nổi lên mặt nước, từ đó dùng định luật Archimes để nội suy ra độ mặn. Phương pháp này có đặc điểm là điện cực cảm biến không tiếp xúc trực tiếp với môi trường nước, không bị ăn mòn điện cực, không bị ảnh hưởng bởi cặn bám của môi trường nên có độ bền và độ chính xác cao.
XÁC ĐỊNH VỊ TRÍ VÀ CÔNG SUẤT NGUỒN ĐIỆN PHÂN TÁN ĐỂ GIẢM TỔN THẤT CÔNG SUẤT TRÊN LƯỚI ĐIỆN PHÂN PHỐI SỬ DỤNG THUẬT TOÁN COYOTE
Authors: THANH THUẬN NGUYỄN
Published: December 2020

Bài báo này trình bày phương pháp xác định vị trí và công suất tối ưu của nguồn điện phân tán trên lưới điện phân phối (LĐPP) sử dụng thuật toán coyote algorithm (COA). Hàm mục tiêu của bài toán là cực tiểu tổn thất công suất tác dụng trên LĐPP. COA là thuật toán tối ưu tổng quát lấy ý tưởng từ tập tính xã hội của loài chó sói Bắc Mỹ. Trong đó, quần thể sói được chia thành các nhóm nhỏ và mỗi nhóm có cá thể đầu đàn. Sự thích nghi với điều kiện môi trường của sói phụ thuộc vào sói đầu đàn và xu hướng của nhóm. Ngoài ra, giữa các nhóm cũng có sự trao đổi thông tin thông qua việc cá thể sói bỏ nhóm và tham gia nhóm khác. So với các thuật toán khác, COA không cần các thông số điều khiển nên giúp tăng cường sự ổn định và tin cậy khi áp dụng cho bài toán tối ưu vị trí và công suất nguồn điện phân tán trên LĐPP. Hiệu quả của COA được đánh giá trên các LĐPP 33 nút và 69 nút. Kết quả cho thấy, COA là một phương pháp hiệu quả cho bài toán xác định vị trí và công suất DGs trên LĐPP.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE MEDICINA E ESPIRITUALIDADE/RELIGIOSIDADE: IMPACTO NO PROCESSO DE ADOECIMENTO
Authors:   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá, Silva Luanna Gabarrão , Schiave Giordana Doreto ,   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá, Bonamigo Larissa Alves da Silva ,   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá, Hapner Luis Renato Manfredini ,   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá
Published: December 2020

Estudos demonstram que pacientes com fé, seja ela religiosa ou não, costumam ter melhoria do bem-estar, sentimentos de significado e paz, reduções nas taxas de suicídio, depressão, ansiedade e abuso de substâncias, além de maior capacidade de enfrentamento do que aqueles céticos, havendo uma relação positiva da espiritualidade com saúde física e mental. Tal positividade reforça a ideia da espiritualidade ser uma estratégia no enfrentamento de situações adversas, funcionando como fonte de fortalecimento dos pacientes. Para tanto, este trabalho objetiva-se avaliar o impacto da fé, espiritualidade e religiosidade em indivíduos em situação de doença, e como ela influencia nesse cenário. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem transversal e observacional, realizado por meio de aplicação de questionário a 74 pacientes atendidos em Unidade Básica de Saúde na cidade de Maringá-PR. Observou-se que a grande maioria dos entrevistados possuem algum tipo de fé/espiritualidade, a qual representa uma forma de apoio e auxílio no momento de adoecimento, ressaltando a importância de reconhecer os pacientes que possuem tal crença e explorar não só a parte física da doença, mas também a mental e espiritual, a fim de abordá-las como um pilar complementar na terapêutica.
TRATAMENTO ESTÉTICO ANTERIOR: ASSOCIAÇÃO DE CLAREAMENTO DENTAL E SUBSTITUIÇÃO DE RESTAURAÇÕES INSATISFATÓRIAS
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Junqueira Júnior Alvaro Augusto , Alves Camila Imperador Rodrigues ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Alves Marcelo Rodrigues ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Yamin Paulo André ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Santos Pablo Leal Teixeira ,   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá, Mori Aline Akemi ,   UNINGÁ -Centro Universitário Ingá
Published: December 2020

Um dos maiores desafios da odontologia minimamente invasiva é o reestabelecimento restaurador de tecidos dentais perdidos ao mesmo tempo em que se preserva ao máximo os substratos sadios, sem realizar desgastes adicionais em esmalte e dentina hígidos. Dentre os procedimentos odontológicos estéticos, o clareamento dental é um dos mais requisitados pelos pacientes insatisfeitos com a aparência do seu sorriso. Isto ocorre devido a sua eficácia, baixa invasividade e simplicidade da técnica. Após a realização do procedimento, se faz necessário a substituição das restaurações pré-existentes em razão do aspecto não harmônico resultante. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de tratamento estético anterior em que os anseios estéticos da paciente foram resolvidos sob uma ótica conservadora, minimante invasiva com clareamento dental (técnica associada) e restaurações tipo Classe III e IV em resina composta. Para que o tratamento tenha sucesso, todas as etapas clínicas são de suma importância e, neste caso, as expectativas do paciente foram alcançadas por meio de uma abordagem conservadora e com alta previsibilidade.
Design of a Fully Differential CMOS OTA Folded Cascode for Modulation
Authors:   Cinvestav-Guadalajara Unit, Av. Del Bosque 1145, 45017 Zapopan, Mexico, Ibarra F. Sandoval , Palma V. H. Arzate , Castellón S. D. Cárdenas
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the design and experimental results of a fully-differential folded-cascode operational amplifier of transconductance (OTA) is presented. This active circuit is for the use in a  low-pass modulator. The structure of the OTA is for obtaining a transition frequency of 1.0GHz. From the circuit synthesis, the OTA can handle the signals with the peak-to-peak amplitude of 300mV, and consumes 1.5mA from 1.2V supply. The OTA is fabricated in 130nm standard CMOS technology.
Undergraduate Students' Attitudes Towards Ageism and Affected Factors
Authors: YÖNDER Melike , YILDIRIM Jülide Gülizar
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted with the purpose of determining the attitudes of university students towards ageism and affected factors. The study was carried out with 380 students. The Questionnaire Form and the “Ageism Attitude Scale” information form were used as data collection instruments. Descriptive statistics, linear regression, independent sample t test, and the one-way Anova were used to evaluate the data. The total scores on the Ageism Attitude Scale were a minimum of 48 and maximum of 107. The present study has been determined that the university students had a positive attitude towards ageism. Furthermore, it was found that the AAS total point average influenced the situation of choosing to live with a mother / father or together with both in the future from the older individual and life characteristics. In accordance with these results, it could be proposed to determine the views of the students and the society towards ageism, to plan studies at the universities in different regions for eliminating the regional differences, to make studies that would set forth the reasons for the negative factors, which influence ageism
Understanding the Death Penalty in India: The Challenges and Potential of Empirical Research
Authors: Surendranath Anup
Published: December 2020

The Death Penalty India Report (2016) was an attempt to address the lack of empirical information on the administration of the death penalty in India. The dismal state of affairs in this regard is demonstrated by the fact that there exist no reliable figures for the number of executions India has carried out since independence in August 1947. Further, when the Death Penalty Research Project was conceptualised in May 2013 there was no certainty about the total number of prisoners on death row in India either. While there is extensive work on the analysis of Supreme Court judgements on the death penalty, there is an acute absence of research on other facets of the administration of the death penalty. The two specific aims of the Death Penalty Research Project were to document the socio-economic profile of death row prisoners in India and secondly, to map the interaction of death row prisoners with different aspects of India’s criminal justice system. These aims were achieved by interviewing all prisoners on death row across India along with tracking down and interviewing their families (in some cases, the prisoners had no families or the families had abandoned the prisoner). Of the 385 prisoners under the sentence of death in India during the project, we had access to 373 prisoners.
Is Indonesia as Corrupt as Most People Believe and is it Getting Worse?
Authors: Dick Howard , Butt Simon
Published: December 2020

Many Indonesians consider their country one of the most corrupt in the world, and think it is getting worse. But is it really that bad? It could be argued that the publicity resulting from the efforts to curb corruption in Reformasi Indonesia – where the press is now free – has created the impression that corruption is getting worse, when the situation may, in fact, be improving. Who is right? And what are the prospects for reducing corruption once Yudhoyono steps down in 2014? Professor Howard Dick and Associate Professor Simon Butt consider these questions and examine the problems of measuring corruption, including a range of indexes. They discuss post-Soeharto anti-corruption reforms, the role of Indonesia’s Anti-Corruption Commission (KPK), the high level of publicity surrounding corruption cases, and how the KPK has become the target of continuing political attack.
Stalemate: Refugees in Indonesia — Presidential Regulation No 125 of 2016
Authors: Missbach Antje , Adiputera Yunizar , Prabandari Atin , Cintika Ganesh , Swastika Frysa Yudha , Darningtyas Raditya
Published: December 2020

This policy paper examines Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No 125 of 2016 on the Treatment of Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Indonesia, signed by President Joko Widodo on 31 December 2016. This long-awaited regulation reiterates Indonesia’s long-held position on its responsibilities towards asylum seekers and refugees. Perceiving itself as a transit country only, Indonesia attempts to protect refugees but welcomes them only for terminable period. This policy paper analyses the content of this Presidential Regulation, pointing out its strengths and weaknesses, in order to alert policy-makers to the remaining gaps in the protection of refugees. Although it makes some progress in regard to rescuing refugees in emergency situations, our analysis concludes that the Presidential Regulation still lacks substantial commitment to the effective protection of refugees. Rather than offer any durable solution for asylum seekers and refugees staying on in Indonesia, the current policies create ‘permanent temporariness’. Not only are resettlement options in safe third countries shrinking, but voluntary repatriation to their conflict-ridden countries of origin is often not feasible. So long as local integration into the Indonesian society, which the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) would like as a third durable solution, is not an option, refugees and asylum seekers will continue to suffer the most in the current stalemate.
Demand-Side Constitutionalism: How Indonesian NGOs Set the Constitutional Court’s Agenda and Inform the Justices
Authors: Nardi Dominic J Jr
Published: December 2020

Since its creation in August 2003, the Indonesian Constitutional Court’s decisions have legalised the defunct PKI (Partai Komunis Indonesia, Indonesian Communist Party), mandated an open party-list election system, invalidated efforts to privatise the electricity and water sectors, and required the government to formally recognise indigenous faiths. This paper argues that non-government organisations (NGOs) have had a crucial and underappreciated impact in determining both which cases reach the justices, and the content of the Court’s final decisions. It finds that NGOs are responsible for bringing the majority of socioeconomic claims, resulting in some of the Court’s most controversial and far-reaching decisions. In addition, the justices are significantly more likely to quote petitions submitted by NGOs, meaning that the information NGOs include in their briefs is critical in shaping the justices’ understanding of the legal and policy issues at stake. These findings have important implications for rule of law projects in Indonesia. In particular, they underline the importance of demand-side reforms. Donors should consider improving the capacity of NGOs to detect and inform the Constitutional Court about rights violations. They should also consider investing in the research capacities of NGOs as the justices rely heavily upon the information they provide.
Recuerdos de la vida cotidiana de inmigrantes italianos en Puebla a partir del análisis semiótico de álbumes fotográficos
Authors: Vázquez Valdés Verónica
Published: December 2020

Durante gran parte del siglo XX, la fotografía en el área de la investigación de las ciencias sociales y humanidades, fue utilizada sólo para ilustrar y evidenciar el trabajo de campo, es decir, la fotografía se usaba como apoyo visual. Con el paso de los años comenzó a considerarse como fuente principal de investigación para analizar e interpretar fenómenos sociales desde diferentes perspectivas disciplinarias. A partir de un corpus visual seleccionado de álbumes familiares de una familia italomexicana de la localidad de Chipilo de Francisco Javier Mina en el estado de Puebla en México, el presente trabajo muestra el análisis e interpretación dichas fotografías mediante el uso de la semiótica, basado en la propuesta de Silva y Visa, para identificar la relevancia de la identidad y la importancia de los elementos de la vida cotidiana entre los pobladores de dicha población. A partir de las fotografías, se muestran las principales actividades de la vida cotidiana y la forma en que, mediante la recuperación de la memoria, se contribuye al fortalecimiento de la identidad, así como la identificación y la preservación del patrimonio cultural de los italomexicanos en México.
Özel Gereksinimli Çocuğa Sahip Annelerin Ev Kazaları Konusundaki Düşüncelerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ARAL Neriman , GÜRSOY Figen , AYSU Burçin
Published: December 2020

Özel gereksinimli çocuğa sahip annelerin ev kazalarına yönelik güvenlik önlemleri ve ilkyardım konusundaki düşüncelerinin incelenmesinin amaçlandığı bu araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması olarak desenlenmiş ve görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya Ankara ili Keçiören ilçesinde yer alan özel gereksinimli çocuğa sahip olan ve çocuğu özel eğitim kurumlarına devam eden anneler (22) dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda anneler çocuğunun sürekli ev kazası ile karşı karşıya kaldığını, kazalar çok sık olduğu için çocuklarının ev kazası geçirdiği yaşları tam olarak hatırlamadığını, kazalar sırasında çocuklarının yanında çoğunlukla kendilerinin bulunduğunu, çocuklarının ev kazası nedeniyle hastanede yatmadığını belirtmiştir. Bununla beraber anneler, ev kazalarından en çok yanmalara karşı müdahalelere örnek vermiş, en çok düşme ile karşılaştıklarını, kaza anında eşlerine haber verdikleri ve komşudan yardım istediklerini, önlem olarak tehlikeli eşyaları ortadan kaldırdığını, çocuk kilidini çok az kullandıklarını, çoğunlukla almak istedikleri bir güvenlik önleminin bulunmadığını, acil yardım hatlarından en çok 112’yi bildiklerini, ev kazaları ve ilkyardımla ilgili bir eğitimi almamalarına rağmen tamamının eğitim almak istediklerini ifade etmişlerdir.
Türkiye’de Modernleşmenin Sonuçları Üzerine
Authors: KARACA Nuray
Published: December 2020

Sivil toplum, merkezi iktidar yapılarının nesnesi değil öznesi olabilme mücadelesi olarak da okunabilir. Biz de sivil toplum anlayışı Türkiye’nin içinde bulunduğu batılılaşma sürecinin etkisi ile biçimlenmiştir diyebiliriz. Weber’in tanımlamasına göre, iktidar aslında birilerinin birilerini nesneleştirme sürecidir. Fakat halk her zaman iktidarın isteklerini aşarak kendi manevi değerlerine saygılı olandan yana tavır koyabilmektedir. Modernleşme sürecinde Türkiye’nin çevre güçleri merkeze karşı özneleşme mücadelesi verirken, bu bilinç, merkezin isteği dışında biçimlenmiştir. Merkezin çevrede olumsuzladığını çevre yücelterek koruyabilir. Hegelci anlamda bu bilinç, belirlenmiş olumsuzlamadır. Türk sivil toplumu dıştan etkilerle biçimlenmeye çalışılan her toplum gibi bu etkilere doğal ve tarihsel şartlarının belirlediği içsel yapısına oranla tepki vermekte ve kendini yeniden biçimlendirmektedir. Sivil toplum artık sadece demokratiklik ve meşruiyet değil, iyi toplum yönetimi tartışmalarının da bir parçası olmuştur. Bu anlamda, sivil toplumun toplum içinde yaygınlaşma süreci, toplum yönetimi için nitel önemini de ortaya çıkarmıştır. Türkiye’de sivil toplumun önemi yadsınmamakla birlikte, herkes bu kavramı kendisine göre tanımlamayarak içini doldurmaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda toplumu sivilleştirirken daha çok siyasallaşmaya mı başladık sorusuna farklı cevaplar verileceği muhakkaktır. Farklı bakış açılarının teorik zenginlik olduğu yaklaşımından hareketle modernleşme sürecinde siyasal bir toplumdan sivil topluma evrilme, demokrasi kültürünün yerleşmesi, çevrenin modern kurumlara yönelmesi çevrenin eğitim yoluyla merkezde yeni bir grupsal aidiyetlik ve kimlik oluşturması vb. değişimleri modernleşmenin sonuçları olarak okumak konunun kuramsal inceliklerinin daha iyi farkına varmamızı sağlayabilir.
Preliminary Study of Discrimination of Human Vocal Commands in Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)
Authors: Endo Shiho , Kawaguchi Naoki , Shimizu Yusuke , Imagawa Asuka , Suzuki Tomohiro , Ashikari Harumasa , Wakai Yoshihito , Murayama Tsukasa
Published: December 2020

Walruses seem to use various acoustic signals in social context. So, the auditory faculty is seems to be important for walruses. Can walruses understand another animals' vocal information using auditory sense? This study tested whether a male walrus could discriminate human vocal words and perform different actions corresponding to each one under various conditions. The subject, a male walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) named Pou, was set on the ground, and the experimenter spoke one of the ten words to the subject under the following conditions; (1) The experimenter stood close to the subject and spoke each vocal stimulus wearing a black cloak and goggles so that the experimenter's eye and body movements would not influence the subject's behavior, (2) A wooden board was placed between the experimenter and the subject so that the subject could not see the experimenter, (3) A wooden board was placed between the experimenter and the subject so that the subject could not to see the experimenter, and the experimenter uttered each vocal stimulus through an audio speaker. Under each condition, when the subject performed the correct action corresponding to the vocal stimulus, he was rewarded with a piece of fish. As a result, the subject responded correctly to almost all the human vocal stimuli in every condition, including when the speaker was not visible. This means that he was indeed responding to the vocal words and not the experimenter's cues. This study demonstrated that walruses can hear and identify human vocal words using their auditory sense and can form correspondence between vocal words and their meanings.
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES: A RISING PROBLEM
Authors: Ahmad Iftikhar
Published: December 2020

Non-communicable diseases (NCDS) have risen to become a major menace to health worldwide. NCDs include cardiovascular, nervous, renal, mental, chronic lung diseases, permanent results of accidents, arthritis, cancer, diabetes, obesity, senility and blindness etc.
Pseudohermaphroditism in a female French Bulldog
Authors: Marin Bruna Calijuri , Corrêa Valéria Pires , Oliveira Ítalo Cássio S. de , Saqueli Karina Mussolino
Published: December 2020

Pseudohermaphroditism is a sexual anomaly, rare in dogs, in which the individual has both male and female characteristics; normally ambiguous external genitalia and male or female gonads. This report concerns a 5-month-old female French Bulldog, where the principal concern was the presence of a structure in the internal region of the genitalia with evolution of approximately 2 months. Upon clinical examination, it was found that the patient had a characteristically female phenotype and a vagina with no apparent changes, despite the presence of a hypertrophied structure inside, similar to a clitoris and a probable penile bone. A right lateral abdominal radiography revealed the presence of a probable atrophied penile bone located inside the vulva. An ultrasound examination showed the presence of two oval, coarse and hypoechogenic structures in the inguinal (subcutaneous) region, suggesting ectopic testicles; ovaries and uterus were not observed. However, during laparotomy the absence of ovaries and the presence of uterus and testicles in the subcutaneous tissue were observed.
Sıçanların Meme Dokusunda Gebelik, Laktasyon ve İnvolusyon Periyodları Süresince Ghrelin, Obestatin ve Leptin Dağılımı
Authors: SARUHAN Berna , SAĞSÖZ Hakan , TOPALOĞLU Uğur
Published: December 2020

Memeli yavruları için süt önemli bir besin kaynağıdır. Süt üretiminde ve salınımında önemli rol oynayan meme ve meme bezleri bu bakımdan önemli birer organdır. Bu çalışmada, immünohistokimyasal boyama ile ratların meme bezinde peptit hormonları olan leptin, ghrelin ve obestatin ekspresyonu ve lokalizasyonu gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, çalışmada 35 adet erişkin, 220-250 gr ağırlığında Spraque-Dawley ırkı dişi sıçanlar kullanılmıştır. Alveol ve kanal epitelinde gebeliğin 1. döneminde zayıf görülen Ghrelin immunoreaktivitesinin 2. ve 3. dönemlerinde arttığı, laktasyon periyodunda güçlendiği ve involusyonda ise azaldığı izlenmiştir. Obestatin ile boyanmada, gebeliğin tüm dönemlerinde ve laktasyon döneminde alveol ve kanal epitelinde yoğun boyanma izlenirken, involusyonda azaldığı görülmüştür. Leptin immunoreaktivitesinde tüm dönemlerde güçlü bir boyanma görülmüştür. Yağ, bağdoku ve miyoepitel hücrelerinde obestatin ve leptin ile orta derecede boyanma olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak meme bezinin ghrelin, obestatin ve leptin için önemli bir kaynak olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.
Transformaciones sociales en las poblaciones indígenas y menonitas a través de las inseguridades padecidas. Ciudad de Filadelfia, Boquerón – Paraguay, 2020
Authors: Peris Castiglioni Carlos Anibal
Published: December 2020

¿Cómo estudiar las transformaciones sociales de la actual Ciudad de Filadelfia, Boquerón - Paraguay? Al respecto, se describieron las nuevas dinámicas a partir de las inseguridades padecidas por los menonitas e indígenas. Aplicando entrevistas cualitativas a 14 referentes, se preguntó sobre: a) ¿cuáles han sido los primordiales sucesos de inseguridad?; y, b) ¿quiénes se han radicado en los agresores? Los relatos exteriorizados, por los originarios, expusieron que un acto puede ser legal pero convertirse en una pesadilla por las condiciones de explotación y vulnerabilidad. En lo referido por los colonos, fueron los jóvenes hijos, por sus ganas de romper las reglas, los que han consumido, vendido e introducido las drogas ilícitas en sus comunidades y, en el fenómeno del abuso hacia las mujeres, se han constituido en los padres, hermanos, tíos y abuelos quienes forzaron a las integrantes femeninas de su congregación.
COVID-19 y cadena de suministro de alimentos : estatus y perspectivas
Authors: Arrúa Andrea Alejandra , Fernández Ríos Danilo
Published: December 2020

La pandemia COVID-19 ha tenido impacto en todos los ámbitos de la vida humana a causa de las medidas de aislamiento y distanciamiento social tomadas por los diferentes gobiernos para frenar su expansión. La cadena de suministro de alimentos es compleja y se ha visto afectada en todos sus niveles, desde el campo al consumidor sobre todo en los países con menores recursos económicos. En Paraguay, los trabajadores ligados a la cadena de suministro de alimentos han sido considerados esenciales y por tanto su trabajo no ha parado, esto ha ayudado a que hasta la fecha no se haya producido desabastecimiento de alimentos. Ante todo, surge la pregunta: ¿ha sido afectada la cadena de producción de alimentos? ¿De qué manera? ¿Cómo han sido afectados los trabajadores de la cadena de producción de alimentos? Se ha mencionado que la resiliencia de la cadena es necesaria pero además de esto los gobiernos deben tomar medidas que aseguren no solo la salud de los trabajadores que forman parte de la producción, industrialización, distribución y venta de alimentos, sino también tienen la obligación de garantizar que los productos alimenticios sean de calidad en cantidad suficiente e inocuos.
Kur’an-Siyer İlişkisi Bağlamında Hz. Peygamberin Dâvete Başlaması ve Gizli Dâvet Döneminin Mahiyeti
Authors: HOCAOĞLU Mustafa , HOCAOĞLU Öznur
Published: December 2020

Hz. Peygamber’in Hira’da ilk vahyi almasından sonra etrafındakileri davete çağırması, kanaatimizce ne Siyer ne de Tefsir kaynaklarında açık bir şekilde zikredilmektedir. Genellikle Hira’da Alâk sûresinin ilk beş âyeti inzal olduktan sonra belli bir süre vahyin kesildiği, daha sonra Müddessir sûresinin indirildiği ve bu şekilde Rasûlüllah’ın dâvetine başladığı ifade edilmektedir. Lâkin kaynaklarda vahyin kesilme süresinin üç sene sürdüğü, “kalk ve uyar”, “yakın akrabânı ve aşîretini uyar” veya “emrolunduğun şeyi dosdoğru anlat” âyetlerinin indirilmesi ile Hz. Muhammed’in açıktan dâvete başladığı nakledilmektedir. Dolayısıyla Hz. Peygamber’in hangi âyete dayanarak ve ne zaman dâvete başladığı problemi ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Hz. Peygamber’in tebliğinde gizli bir sürecin olup olmadığı da ayrı bir tartışma konusudur. İlk dönem eserlerde “gizli” dâvetin üç yıl sürdüğü ifade edilirken, son zamanlarda yapılan bazı çalışmalarda böyle bir dönemin olmadığı iddia edilmektedir. Biz bu çalışmamızda bu iki problemle ilgili delilleri ve onların değerlendirmesini yapacağız.
Konsey (Mekke Liderleri)’nin Argümanları ve Mâtürîdî'nin Cevapları
Authors: GENGİL Veysel
Published: December 2020

Hz. Peygamber, insanları İslam'a davet ederken çeşitli tepki ve itirazlara maruz kalmıştır. Bu itirazlar, özellikle toplumun elit kesiminden gelmiştir. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm, onların argümanlarını parça parça anlatmış ve bunlara cevaplar vermiştir. Ebû Mansûr el-Mâtürîdî (333/944), bu cevapları ayrıntısıyla ele alarak söz konusu elit kesimin İslam’a yönelik itirazlarını çürütmüştür. İşte bu çalışma şu iki soruya cevap aramıştır: Mâtürîdî, elit kesimin itirazları üzerinde neden çok durmuş ve onlara cevaplar üretirken nasıl bir yöntem izlemiştir? Te’vîlâtü’l-Kur’ân’ın tamamının incelenmesi neticesinde varılan sonuçlar şu şekildedir: Elit kesim bir prototiptir. Onların itirazları hemen her devirde İslam’a yöneltilebilecek türden itirazlardır. İslam’a karşı hemen her devirde görülecek türden itirazlarda bulunmuşlardır. Bu nedenle onlara cevap vermek, bir nevi, ilerleyen süreçte öne sürülecek muhtemel itirazlara hazır cevap olacaktır. Mâtürîdî, söz konusu itirazları, üzerini örtmeden cesurca aktarmış ve ardından aklî verilerden hareketle ikna edici cevaplar vermiştir.
Organization of Management in the System of Preschool Education on the Basis of Pedagogical Partnership
Authors:   Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Institute of retraining and advanced training of managers and specialists of preschool educational institutions, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Abdunazarova Nargiza Fathullaevna
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of “management” and the modern management organization of a preschool educational organization. The authors report that for an effective and rational leadership of a modern preschool educational institution, the leader must master the basics of management, modern effective partnership strategies, teamwork technologies based on a positive constructive approach and leadership functions
The Role of Religion in Turkish-Uzbek Relations
Authors:   PhD Student, Center on Contemporary History of Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent,Uzbekistan, Sharipov A. Sh.
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the role and place of religion in Uzbek-Turkish relations. In both countries, the Sunni sect of Islam is predominant. In Uzbekistan, religion is separated from the state, and religious activity is fully controlled by the state. The ruling party in Turkey makes extensive use of Islamic elements in governing. Mirziyoyev's rise to power in Uzbekistan marked the beginning of religious cooperation. In Uzbekistan, where religious control has been strong for many years, various forms of religious education, such as Islamic finance and foundation work, have been inactive. Today, after Saudi Arabia and Iran, Turkey claims to be a leader in the Islamic world. The extent to which Turkey's experience in religion and state relations is relevant to Uzbekistan is important.
Sujeito dividido e argumentação
Authors: De Souza Carvalho Maria Aparecida , Romano Pacífico Soraya Maria
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar discursivamente como se dá a argumentação por parte de sujeitos-alunos do nono ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública, ao discursivizarem sobre o uso, ou não, do celular nas escolas. Adotamos o embasamento teórico da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa pêcheuxtiana e os estudos sobre a argumentação na perspectiva da AD que, para Pacífico (2016) é um direito humano; para Amossy (2016) mobiliza jogos de força e coloca em evidência a relação do discurso com o poder, e, para Piris (2016) não é um jogo de estratégias para persuadir. Foi possível constatar que a escola ainda é um espaço de interdição dos sentidos, posto que argumentar contra o sentido dominante, no caso da lei que proíbe o uso do celular na escola, nem sempre é possível para o sujeito-aluno, que produz imagens sobre o seu leitor.
A referenciação como estratégia retórico-discursiva em tirinhas da Mafalda
Authors: Sousa Almeida de Macedo Patrícia
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como a referenciação funciona enquanto estratégia argumentativa em tirinhas da Mafalda, do escritor argentino Quino. Para alcançar esse fim, apoiamo-nos na Teoria da Argumentação no Discurso, proposta por Amossy (2002; 2005; 2006; 2011; 2016; 2018), na tese de Macedo (2018) e nos estudos sobre referenciação de Custódio Filho (2011; 2012). O diálogo estabelecido entre a teoria retórico-discursiva de Amossy e a Linguística Textual mostrou-se profícuo, pois, na análise, pudemos verificar que a construção de referentes nas duas tirinhas selecionadas consiste não somente em uma estratégia textual, que contribui para o estabelecimento da coerência, mas também em uma estratégia argumentativa, na medida em que permite desvelar os embates discursivos subjacentes e que orienta a maneira de ver do interlocutor.
Entre a gente e elas
Authors: Da Rosa Vinícius Nobre , Vinhas Luciana Iost
Published: December 2020

Embasando-se na Análise de Discurso de tradição pêcheuxtiana, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo observar os dizeres de uma apenada e, através deles, analisar os efeitos causados pelas formações imaginárias e discursivas no emprego de pronomes pessoais. O trabalho se baseia em uma entrevista gravada e transcrita realizada com Rosa, a apenada entrevistada, e esse corpus nos permite criar um gesto de interpretação referente ao modo como, discursivamente, ela se coloca ora como membro externo à Penitenciária e ora como parte do coletivo de mulheres presas. Na teoria, vê-se o discurso como efeito de sentido entre interlocutores; portanto, ao usar de uma estrutura em que são retratadas as outras apendas como elas, a apenada cria uma distância entre si e o grupo no qual está inserida, apresentando-se como diferente das demais; entretanto, ao utilizar de uma construção com a expressão a gente, ela se aproxima das outras presas. Assim, conforme nossa interpretação, existe a reprodução de saberes de uma formação discursiva dominante, a partir da qual ela se reconhece como cidadã de bem.
Producción y rentabilidad del frijol como monocultivo y asociado con limón Persa en el norte de Veracruz, México
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez José Raúl , Tosquy Valle Oscar Hugo , Vázquez Hernández Marcos Ventura , Zetina Lezama Rigoberto , Díaz Zorrilla Ulises
Published: December 2020

En Martínez de la Torre, Ver., México, existen 16,115 ha establecidas con cítricos que aún no están en producción y pueden aprovecharse para sembrar frijol como cultivo asociado. El objetivo del trabajo fue comparar el rendimiento y rentabilidad del cultivo de frijol sólo y asociado con limón Persa, así como determinar, que sistema de cultivo, es más eficiente en el uso de la tierra. El experimento se estableció en noviembre de 2017 en tres localidades del norte de Veracruz. En cada sistema de cultivo, el frijol se sembró en franjas y ocupó una superficie de 216 m2. Se delimitaron cuatro áreas de siembra de frijol de 6 m2  cada una, por sistema de cultivo, en las que se cuantificaron diferentes variables agronómicas, incluido el rendimiento de grano, las cuales se analizaron en diseño experimental completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones, considerando los valores de las variables obtenidos en cada área delimitada como una repetición. Para la separación de promedios se aplicó la DMS al 5%. También se realizó un análisis de relación beneficio-costo y se obtuvo el índice equivalente de la tierra (IET). Con el sistema de cultivo de frijol asociado con limón Persa, se obtuvo un rendimiento promedio de 1430.7 kg ha-1, significativamente superior al que se produjo en monocultivo. También se obtuvo una utilidad neta por hectárea, 52.3% superior y la mejor relación beneficio-costo, además de una mayor eficiencia en el uso del terreno (IET de 1.23), que cuando el frijol se estableció en monocultivo.
Local Derivative Patterns and their Magnitudes for Content Based Image Retrieval
Authors: Reddy P. V. N. , Prasad K. Satya
Published: December 2020

This paper presents a new image indexing and retrieval algorithm by considering the magnitudes of the local derivative patterns (LDPs). LDP extract the high-order local information by encoding various distinctive spatial relationships contained in a given local region. Two experiments have been carried out for proving the worth of our algorithm. It is further mentioned that the database considered for experiments are Corel 1000 database (DB1), and MIT VisTex database (DB2). The results after being investigated shows a significant improvement in terms of their evaluation measures as compared to LBP, LDP and other existing transform domain techniques.
Knowing the Robot’s World
Authors: Jana Radha Krishna , Sengupta Debanjan , Banerjee Sumanta , Chowdhury Smita
Published: December 2020

The term robotics is used in broader aspects now-a-days. One of its main implementation is in the game development. Robotics & artificial intelligence are used in this field almost interchangeably. In this demonstration project of Patnaik’s algorithm in the field of artificial intelligence we are trying to demonstrate how the intelligent robots traces path during a game. This is implemented using the most fundamental graphics tool known i.e. BGI graphics in C. Our demonstration project will also help in getting the idea of a robot’s path tracing algo.
Quality of Service Based Handover Approach in a WLAN network
Authors: Sunaina S. , Saini Pavel , Chechi Rajiv
Published: December 2020

As the technology is improving so are the demands of end users and their applications increasing. A wide variety of new applications are being invented daily. These applications have different demands from the underlying network protocol suite. High bandwidth internet connectivity has become a basic requirement to the success of almost all of these areas. For the following concern Wireless networks have recently received a lot of attention. The most promising issue that needs to be taken into account while considering a wireless network is Quality of service (QoS). In this paper work we have considered a handover mechanism for IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi and perform some modifications in that like firstly we increased the range of the access point and secondly increases the speed of Mobile Node (MN) and then study the effect of these changes on QoS in respective throughput delay and jitter. For the simulation purpose we have make use of wireless simulator NS-2 (Network Simulator version 2). Thus aim of this paper is to study the variations in average throughput, delay and jitter with the increased range of access point and increasing speed of mobile node with the help of NS-2 software.
Cooperative MIMO Communications in Wireless Ad Hoc Rayleigh Fading Networks
Authors: Hussain Isna Moiz , Swapna Swapna K.
Published: December 2020

In this paper addresses Rayleigh fading networks, and in particular, wireless ad-hoc and sensor networks over Rayleigh fading channels. First, we will model Rayleigh fading networks and show how to map the wireless fading channel to the upper layer
parameters for cross-layer design. Based on the developed fading network model, we will consider two scarce resources of wireless networks, namely energy and medium, and develop a cross-layer way to improve their efficiency. In particular, we will first study
the energy-efficiency and introduce a new parameter, Energy Cost Factor, as the counterpart of Transport Capacity in wireless transmission. We investigate the issue of cooperative node selection in MIMO communications for wireless ad hoc/sensor networks, where a source node is surrounded by multiple neighbors and all of them are equipped with a single antenna. . In order to optimize system performance, we jointly consider the optimization of all these parameters, given the aforementioned system constraints. We assume that the source node either has channel state interference (CSI), or has no CSI. Heuristic algorithms, such as maximal channel gain (MCG) and least channel correlation (LCC) algorithms are proposed in order to exploit available system information and to solve the constrained optimization problem. Finally, we will give a general discussion on the cross-layer design and show how power control and route selection jointly contribute to improving the resource efficiency. A few particular routing algorithms will also be studied in detail.