bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN ENGLISH TEACHERS COMMUNICATION PATTERN AT SMPN 1 PETANGBADUNG REGENCY
Authors: Meiyana Ariss Susanti I Luh
Published: October 2019

In this study, the researcher would like to investigate the types of reinforcements used by male and female teacher, the frequency of using reinforcements both male and female teacher, and to whom it is usually addressed by each teacher. The concern of this study, there were two subjects chosen, one male and one female English teacher. The data was collected through observation and interview.  The result of the study showed that those teachers are the same in using the types of reinforcement; they applied praise and negative reinforcement. In term of frequency of using reinforcement, female teachers applied more often than male teachers. Male and female teacher tended to reinforce them who were active in the classroom without regarding the students’ gender. In responding to reinforcement given, mostly students responded by smiling and becoming more active in the following the next lesson. In certain cases, male student showed different responses, particularly when they received negative reinforcement in term of point reducing and withdrawing certain image that they had.
ANALISIS DATA MINING UNTUK PEMETAAN MAHASISWA YANG MEMBUTUHKAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA NAÏVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Authors: Saputra Hadi Kurnia
Published: October 2019

Keberhasilan mahasiswa dalam menjalani proses pendidikan di Perguruan Tinggi dapat diukur melalui kinerja akademik dan masa penyelesaian studi. Namun, dalam perjalanan mahasiswa mengikuti proses pendidikan tidak bisa lepas dari berbagai permasalahan, baik yang bersumber dari lingkungan pendidikan maupun lingkungan keluarga dan pergaulan. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan oleh institusi pendidikan untuk mendorong peningkatan kinerja akademik mahasiswa yang rendah adalah dengan memberikan pelayanan Bimbingan dan Konseling (BK). Dengan Data Mining dapat dilakukan klasifikasi mahasiswa yang memiliki kinerja akademik yang baik dan buruk. Algoritma Naïve Bayes Classifier dipilih untuk melakukan klasifikasi mahasiswa yang berkinerja akademik rendah dan dinilai membutuhkan proses Bimbingan dan Konseling. Penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap 507 record set data akademik mahasiswa Tahun Masuk 2008 program Strata-1 Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang, algoritma Naïve Bayes mampu mengklasifikasi mahasiswa yang membutuhkan proses Bimbingan dan Konseling. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik yang mewakili keseluruhan Program Studi diperoleh akurasi sebesar 81%. Sedangkan pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap mahasiswa setiap Program Studi diperoleh akurasi : Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Bangunan = 82.1429%, Pendidikan Teknik Elektro = 90.566%, Pendidikan Teknik Elektronika = 84.6154%, Pendidikan Teknik Informatika dan Komputer = 82.9268%, Pendidikan Teknik Mesin = 79.1045%, Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif = 81.8182%, Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga = 73.1343%.
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN PRODUK DAN JASA BERBASIS WEB PADA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG
Authors: Pertiwi Mutiara , Kurniadi Deny , Hendriyani Yeka
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem informasi yang dapat mengakomodir manajemen aset Universitas Negeri Padang, baik dalam bentuk produk / hasil kerja dari civitas dan layanan yang diselenggarakan secara internal maupun dari pihak luar yang bekerjasama dengan Universitas Negeri Padang.. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat memfasilitasi civitas academica dalam pengembangan bisnis dan untuk mempromosikan produk dan layanan berdasarkan kategori mereka. Desain produk dan layanan sistem informasi manajemen dibangun menggunakan model waterfall dan pola desain e-commerce dengan pemodelan UML (Unified Modeling Language). Bahasa pemrograman utama yang digunakan PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor), serta CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) dan Javascript sebagai bahasa tambahan dengan MySQL sebagai Database Management System (DBMS). Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan framework codeigniter dengan arsitektur MVC (Model View Controller). Hasil dari sistem dapat digunakan untuk pengelolaan produk dan layanan, manajemen pemesanan sewa, kerjasama pemangku kepentingan, pengelolaan kualitas pengujian, hingga pengelolaan transaksi. Seluruh aktivitas yang terjadi pada sistem dapat didokumentasikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna.
The Function and The Role of Public Relation in The Milenial Education Center
Authors: Hidayat Taufik
Published: October 2019

The development of an educational institution is influenced by two factors, they are internal and external factors. The internal factor becomes the mainly attention as the first step to develop the institution to be more accountable institution and an idol in the public. one of the forgotten and neglected roles is its role as a public relation. One of the indicators of a successful public relation is the interest of the public to enter the institution. Otherwise, the unsuccessful public relation in the institution is that the public has the doubt, pessimism about the institution, which can decrease public interest and trust to the institution, and can cause the institution to come into bankrupcy.  Developing the understanding about the vision and mission in an institution/school is an important part in public relation. It is necessary for the public to get some information easily and hoe the institution can raise public curiosity about the institution sp that they . they will follows the aim of the institution. Furthermore, in this milleneal era, in which the development of technology is widely spread, the information is easily accessible so that the public relation has a wider role to give the data or information efficiently and effectively. In addition, a public relation has to fulfill  the function of the public relation and the management. They are the function as a research planning, coordinating, participation and advisory. The activity of the public relation is the researching facts or fact finding, planning, communication or evaluating. Finally, the public relation has to reflect to become a mutual way of relationship, and it can also build a good relation between two profitable sides and giving feedback to the institution or the public.
Problemas e Alternativas no Campo da Formação de Professores
Authors: Santos Lucíola
Published: October 2019

Analisa a educação do professor e a relação entre teoria e prática como questão fundamental na estruturação dos cursos de formação de docentes. Inicialmente, é analisada a concepção tradicional do treinamento de profissionais baseada no modelo da racionalidade técnica Partindo da visão de que o professor é um intelectual crítico, a última parte levanta problemas na área de formação de docentes e sugere alternativas para a reformulação dos cursos de formação de professores.

Abstract

Analyze the training of the teacher and the relationship between theory andpractice as a fundamental issue in the structuring of teacher training courses. Initially, it is criticized the traditional conception on the training of practitioners based on the model of technical rationality. By viewing teachers as criticai intellectuals, the lost part raises some problems in the área of teacher training and suggests some alternatives for the reformulation of this courses.

Résumé

Analyse Léducation du professeur et le rapport entre théorie et pratique comme une question fondamentale dans là structuration des cours de formation denseignants. D'abord, on discute là conception traditionelle dentrainement de professionels fondée sur le modele de là rationnalité techinique. A partir de là compréhension du professeur comme un intelectuel critique, là dermière partie pose des problèmes au domaine de là formation des enseignants et present d'alternatives pour là reformulation de leurs cours de formation.

Resumen

Analiza là educación del profesor y là relación entre teoria y práctica como cuestión fundamental en là estructuración de los cursos de formación de docentes. Inicialmente se analiza là Concepcion tradicional de là capacitación de profesionales basada en el modelo de Ia racionalidad técnica. Partiendo de là visión de que el profesor es un intelectual crítico, là última parte levanta problemas en el área de formación de docentes y sugiere alternativas para là reformulación de los cursos de formación de profesores.
The Imaginary Worlds of Cure Proportion Modeling: Survivorship and Reference Case Pricing of Transformative Therapies
Authors: Langley Paul
Published: October 2019

On August 6, 2019 the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) released a set of proposed adaptations to its value assessment framework methods where the intervention under review was considered a ‘single or short-term transformative therapy’ (SST). These adaptations are intended to ‘complement and build upon the upcoming update to the overall ICER assessment framework…’.  The purpose of this commentary is to review the proposed cure proportion modeling reference case framework for assessing the value of SSTs together with ICER’s ‘recommendations for fair value-based pricing …’. Following previous commentaries on the ICER value assessment framework, the question raised is whether the proposed cure proportion modeling standards meet those of normal science:  is the modeling proposed capable of generating value claims for the intervention that are credible, evaluable and replicable? The proposed standards for transformative therapies do not change the underlying commitment to reference case modeling. At the same time, the cure proportion modeling proposed adaptations have to be seen in the context of the concerns expressed by ICER that their reference case model can be used to justify substantial one-off SST pricing. This follows from the ICER incremental cost per QALY willingness to pay thresholds where the SST QALY gains are sufficient, at even a $50,000 QALY cut-off, to support SST pricing in the millions of dollars. ICER has two options: (i) abandon the imaginary reference case methodology, which is the ICER core business model and would represent an ironic reversal, or (ii) attempt to bolt-on adaptations, possibly incorporating revised survivorship profiles using cure proportion modeling, that supports a modified imaginary reference case ‘rescue’ model for SSTs designed specifically to generate pricing recommendations that may be considered affordable.

 

Article Type: Commentary
Twitter como instrumento de participación y deliberación. Una aproximación a su uso desde la perspectiva de la ciber-democracia:
Authors: Avila Caroline , Valdez María Belén , Guerrero Ximena
Published: October 2019

Este artículo analiza el uso de las redes sociales en el campo de la comunicación política como espacios de participación y deliberación democrática, a lo que llamamos “ciber-democracia”. Parte de la descripción de este concepto para luego aplicarlo en el análisis de la cuenta de Twitter del ex presidente ecuatoriano Rafael Correa (@mashirafael) a fin de determinar su potencial informativo, deliberativo y participativo. Se concluye que a pesar de ser una de las cuentas con más alta interactuación, su uso tuvo limitaciones en el fomento de la participación y deliberación, elementos claves de la “ciber-democracia.”
Régimen de hipercualificación del delito de asesinato en el derecho español contemporáneo
Authors: Fernández García Gabriel
Published: October 2019

La regulación de los delitos contra la vida humana independiente en España sufrió importantes modificaciones a través  de  las  Leyes Orgánicas 1/2015 y 2/2015. La más destacable fue la contemplación de unas modalidades de asesinato hipercualificado cuya comisión conllevaba la aplicación imperativa de una de las penas más sonadas de la reforma: la prisión permanente revisable. Un mero repaso por la cronología de los asesinatos más relevantes de los años precedentes a la Reforma atestigua cómo el grupo parlamentario popular aprovechó la ocasional alarma social para convertir la reforma de estos preceptos y la consiguiente pena en una auténtica consigna electoral. Precisamente el apresuramiento y oportunismo que acompañó a estas leyes deparó una defectuosa regulación del homicidio y asesinato y sus correspondientes cualificaciones, contaminada por una moralización de los injustos que se entendía históricamente superada, inquietantemente alejada la inexcusable vinculación de la intervención penal a los bienes jurídicos identificables, plagada de vaguedades terminológicas, carente de compleción sistemática y proclive a numerosos problemas concursales. Además, las soluciones que se han esgrimido frente a este galimatías legislativo no siempre han sido pacíficamente compartidas por la doctrina y operadores jurídicos. Por todo ello, cabe concluir que sólo cabe una vuelta a una regulación sobria y sistemática de estos tipos penales, que prescinda de prejuicios sin base empírica y ajuste la técnica legislativa con el exigible respecto a los principios político-criminales y garantías penales que enraízan en la Constitución de nuestro Estado social y democrático de Derecho.
Kinetic - Spectrophotometric Estimation of Tetracycline in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Forms
Authors: Alassaf Nahla A , Hamody Azhar S , Dikran1 Sarmad B , Zankanah2 Faeza H
Published: October 2019

Simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is described based on the coupling reaction of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC. HCl) with diazotized 4-aminopyridine in bulk and pharmaceutical forms. Colored azo dye formed during this reaction is measured at 433 nm as a function of time. Factors affecting the reaction yield were studied and the conditions were optimized. The kinetic study involves initial rate and fixed time (10 minutes) procedures for constructing the calibration graphs to determine the concentration of (TC. HCl). The graphs were linear for both methods in concentration range of 10.0 to 100.0 µg.mL-1. The recommended procedure was applied successfully in the determination of (TC. HCl) in itscommercial formulations.
Isolation and Diagnosis of Pathogenic Bacteria from the Upper Surface of the Cell Phone Screen and Conduct an Antibiotic Sensitivity Test
Authors: Farhan Muthana Badeea , Abdulla Khadija Khleaf
Published: October 2019

A total of 120 samples (80) female samples and 40 male samples were collected from the front of the personal communication (the cell phone) for female students of Education College for Women (65) as well the medical staff of Ramadi Teaching Hospital (55), The samples are collected by swabs, The ages ranged between 19-60 years, These samples were initially culture on the blood agar medium and then on different selective and differential culture media. Api test strips were also used for the final diagnosis of bacterial isolates. The results showed that all samples gave 100% a positive result of general bacterial culture and 80% of pathogenic bacteria. The results of isolating and diagnosism indicated the presence of the pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (58.3% of the total sample), Escherichia coli (44.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (25.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.3%), Proteus sp. (5%), The results showed that the positive bacterial culture rate for male samples was 87.5%, whereas the female bacterial culture rate was 76.3%. The most important isolates were highly resistant to cephalexin, followed kanamycin. Proteus sp. gave the largest percentage of the resistance to 100% of those antibiotics, except for nitrofurantoin followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the proportion of resistance to antibiotics used in this study.
Synthesis of Novel Ibuprofen-Tranexamic Acid Codrug: Estimation of The Clinical Activity Against HCT116 Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line and The Determination of Toxicity Profile Against MDCK Normal Kidney Cell Line
Authors: Al-Obaidi Zaid Mahdi Jaber , Mousa1 Tariq Hussien , Ali2 Alaa A
Published: October 2019

Objective: Both ibuprofen and tranexamic acid were tried to treat colorectal carcinoma, however, combined drugs were not. Accordingly, with the aid of SciFinder®, online absence of the mutual prodrug (codrug) was affirmed. This persuade the authors to conduct this research. Methods: The ibuprofen-tranexamic acid codrug was synthesized and characterized with 83% yield. The purified white powder codrug was tested against HCT116 colorectal cancerous cell line and MDCK normal non-cancerous cell line. Results: The newly synthesized and characterized ibuprofen-tranexamic acid codrug has significant parameters. One of which it absolutely obeyes the Lipinski rule of five. Moreover, like the Lipinski rule of five, the number of rotatable bonds (7 rotatable bonds) and the topological polar surface area tPSA (66.4 A2) shows a very favourable oral absorption drug candidate. The IC50 of the mutual prodrug against HCT116 colorectal cells was 5.33 mg/ml, while the IC50 for the MDCK normal kidney cell line was 6.4 g/ml. Conclusion: The authors conclude that the newly synthesized ibuprofen-tranexamic acid codrug has fair anticancer activity against HCT116 colorectal cancer cell line with tolerated toxicity profile acquired with the MDCK normal kidney cell line.
Removal of Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) Antibiotics Pharmaceuticals From Aqueous Systems By ZnO
Authors: Aljeboree Aseel M.
Published: October 2019

Pharmaceutical products are being increasingly discovered, in the environment. However, traditional treating systems do not provide an adequate remedy, for pharmaceutical drug elimination and still there is not a regulated criterion for their limitation in water. Adsorption is one of the most efficient and practical techniques to remove pollutants from water. ZnO to be used as adsorbent being abundant and cheap has removal capabilities for certain pollutants from water such as drug,drug, metal ions, phenol, and different anions. In this paper the potential of ZnO for removal of vitamin B6 has been discussed. Different parameters like, initial drug concentration (5-80 mg/L), temperature (15, 25, and 50 ºC), adsorbent dosage (0.001-0.15gm), were investigated. The adsorption of drug was best at neutral pH. The adsorption uptake decrease with increase in initial drug concentration, but increase with the amount of adsorbent and temperature. The equilibrium was evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich isotherms. The maximum capacity of adsorption obtained from the Freundlichmodel was 108.556mg/g.
Safety of the transventricular approach to deep brain stimulation: A retrospective review
Authors: Ray Kevin , Krel Mark , Bernstein Jacob , Kashyap Samir , Ananda Ajay
Published: October 2019

Background:

Anatomically, deep brain stimulation (DBS) targets such as the ventral intermediate and subthalamic nucleus are positioned such that the long axis of the nucleus is often most accessible through a transventricular trajectory. We hypothesize that using this trajectory does not place patients at increased risk of neurologic complications.

Methods:

A series of 206 patients at a single institution between 2000 and 2017 were reviewed. All patients had a confirmed transventricular trajectory and their clinical course was reviewed to assess neurologic complication rates in the postoperative period.

Results:

The average length of hospital stay was 2.4 days. The most common neurologic complication was altered mental status in 1.2% of cases (four patients). This was followed by seizure in 0.6% of cases (two patients). No patients had ischemic stroke or postoperative hemiparesis. There were two mortalities in this series, one with lobar hemorrhage contralateral from the surgical site and one with a thalamic hemorrhage. There was only one confirmed intraventricular hemorrhage postoperatively; however, this was clinically asymptomatic.

Conclusion:

Although the total incidence of intraventricular or intracerebral hemorrhage cannot be reliably assessed from this data set, the low incidence of neurologic complications challenges the notion that DBS electrode trajectories that transgress the ventricle significantly increase the risk of complications.
Direct Measurement of Charge Reversal on Lipid Bilayers using Heterodyne-Detected Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy
Authors: Chang HanByul , Ohno Paul , Liu Yangdongling , Lozier Emilie , Dalchand Naomi , Geiger Franz
Published: October 2019

We report the detection of charge reversal induced by the adsorption of a cationic polyelectrolyte, poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH), to buried supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), used as idealized model biological membranes. Through the use of an α-quartz reference crystal, we quantify the total interfacial potential at the interface in absolute units, using HD-SHG as an optical voltmeter in which the traditional wire leads of a voltmeter have been replaced by photons. This quantification is made possible by isolating from other contributions to the total SHG response the phase-shifted potential-dependent third-order susceptibility. We detect the sign and magnitude of the surface potential and the point of charge reversal at buried interfaces without prior information or complementary data. Isolation of the second-order susceptibility contribution from the overall SHG response allows us to directly characterize the Stern and Diffuse Layers over single-component SLBs formed from three different zwitterionic lipids of different gel-to-fluid phase transition temperatures (Tms). We determine whether the surface potential changes with the physical phase state (gel, transitioning, or fluid) of the SLB and incorporate 20 percent of negatively charged lipids to the zwitterionic SLB to investigate how the surface potential and thesecond-order nonlinear susceptibility chi(2) change with surface charge.
Photochemically Activated Thiol-Michael Reactions via a Photolatent N-Heterocyclic Carbene
Authors: Chemtob Abraham , Ngoc Bao Tram Vu , Pinaud Julien , Lacroix-Desmazes Patrick , Héroguez Valérie
Published: October 2019

While N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have proven highly effective in various polymerization reactions, the drawback is their high sensitivity towards air and water, which necessitates handling under rigorously anhydrous conditions. In this report, an air-stable two-component NHC photogenerator ─ 2-isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) as photosensitive species and 1,3-bis(mesityl)imidazolium tetraphenylborate (IMesH+ BPh4-) acting as NHC protected precursor ─ has been utilized to organocatalyze thiol-Michael reaction for small molecule and polymer synthesis. The feasibility of photoNHC catalysis in addition reactions involving thiol and ene molecules was investigated using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The synthesis of cross-linked polythioether polymer via a step-growth polymerization was then studied using FTIR spectroscopy, optical pyrometry and gel content measurements.
Synthesis and Styrene Copolymerization of Novel Halogen, Alkoxy, and Alkyl Ring-Disubstituted Isopropyl 2-Cyano-3-Phenyl-2-Propenoates
Authors: Hussain Kumail M. , Breault Rachel M. , Caporusso Noreen J. , Cu Cathleen J. , Decker Kyle J. , Gill Tara K. , Gray Emily K. , Homsi Christopher J. , Kanji Melina F. , Stone Rachel M. , Zepeda Jose L. , Rocus Sara M. , Schjerven William S. , Kharas Gregory
Published: October 2019

Novel trisubstituted ethylenes, ring-disubstituted isopropyl 2-cyano-3-phenyl-2-propenoates, RPhCH=C(CN)CO2CH(CH3)2 (where R is 2-bromo-5-methoxy, 3-bromo-4-methoxy, 5-bromo-2-methoxy, 2-chloro-3-methoxy, 3-chloro-4-methoxy, 2-chloro-6-methyl, 2-fluoro-6-methyl, 3-fluoro-2-methyl, 3-fluoro-4-methyl, 4-fluoro-2-methyl, 4-fluoro-3-methyl) were prepared and copolymerized with styrene. The monomers were synthesized by the piperidine catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of ring-substituted benzaldehydes and isopropyl cyanoacetate and characterized by CHN elemental analysis, IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR. All the ethylenes were copolymerized with styrene in solution with radical initiation (ABCN) at 70°C. The composition of the copolymers was calculated from nitrogen analysis, and the structures were analyzed by IR, 1H and 13C-NMR, GPC, DSC, and TGA. Decomposition of the copolymers in nitrogen occurred in two steps, first in the 200-500ºC range with residue (1-8% wt.), which then decomposed in the 500-800ºC range.
Shareholder Engagement and Firm Value Creating Outcomes in Kenya
Authors: Kimunya Amos Muhinga , Njuguna Amos , Wambalamba Francis
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The objective of the study was to determine the firm value creating outcomes arising from institutional shareholder engagement in Kenya.

Methodology: The study used data from a sample of 117 institutional investors in the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya, selected using stratified simple random sampling technique.

Findings: The study established that the shareholder engagement outcome that significantly explains firm value creation is improvement of a firm’s system of governance, which includes boards of directors that have independent, equitable and minority representation.

Implications: The study contributes to literature on shareholder engagement from a Kenyan perspective and adds an impetus to investors, management and policymakers to address issues that are impeding shareholder engagement given its effect on governance and value of the firm. The study recommends that firms invest in improvement in governance structures, and policymakers are advised to maintain an updated register of all the institutional investors, including their current contacts, and a Kenya-specific central depository of data on engagement actions and outcomes across listed companies.
Students' Thinking Style in Analyzing Physics Concept Through the Kinametic Graphics
Authors: Saminan Saminan , Muliana Endah , Wahyuni Agus
Published: October 2019

Students' thinking style is influential in learning outcomes, but teachers have not yet focused on the teaching and learning process, resulting in students having difficulties in receiving the material, especially in the study of analyzing physical concepts through graphs on the concept of kinematics. Therefore, knowing the student's thinking style especially for the physics teacher is a very important effort to achieve teaching success. This study aims to determine the students' thinking style in analyzing physical concepts through graphs on kinematics concepts. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with a type of descriptive research. Subjects in this study were students of class X Mipa1 and X Mipa2. Data collection instruments in this study were questionnaire, observation and documentation. The questionnaire used was in the form of a closed questionnaire adapted from the Quantum Learning book written by Bobbi DePorter and Mike Hernacki,  The results of this study indicated that the concrete sequential thinking style (S1) was 27 %, abstract sequential thinking style (S2) was 14%, random abstract (A1) was 34%, concrete random thinking style (A2) was 25%.
Community Empowerment through Mentari Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil (BMT) to Boost Muslim Family Economy in Kotagajah Central Lampung
Authors: Nasor M. , Ngisomuddin Ngisomuddin , Alamsyah Yosep Aspat
Published: October 2019

An empowerment program is an activity that has the purpose of developing and improving the quality of life of the community in order to overcome the problems of their lives. Such conditions will provide a great opportunity for the community to improve capabilities in various fields including the economic field. All of these will have implications for improving and changing the capabilities of the abilities towards better progress. community towards better progress in shared life. The process of giving is not only done by the government, but also by social institutions such as the Mentari Baitul Mal Wat Tanwil (BMT) Kotagajah Central Lampung, the object of it is the empowerment of Muslim family traders. The Empowerment carried out by Mentari BMT as a financial institution refers to the financial screening system given to Muslim family traders. The financial screening is used for financing as an effort to improve the economy of the community. An Empowerment is an activity that can develop and improve the quality of life of traders of Muslim families who are independent and can overcome the problems of their lives. All of these have implications for their improvement and change.
Instrumental Rationality and General Deterrence
Authors: Fehr Colton
Published: October 2019

The Supreme Court of Canada concluded in R. v. Nur that the use of general deterrence in sentencing is not “rationally connected”to its objective of lowering crime levels. Although this conclusion was drawn in the Charter section 1 context, its logic applies with equal force at the section 7 stage of analysis. As a law bearing no rational connection to its purpose is arbitrary, the author contends that judicial reliance on general deterrence in sentencing runs afoul of section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. This conclusion is significant not only because it would forestall judicial use of general deterrence, but also for what it reveals about the relationship between the instrumental rationality principles. Commentators maintain that the Supreme Court’s “individualistic” approach to instrumental rationality resulted in the arbitrariness principle becoming subsumed by overbreadth. Yet, challenging the general deterrence provisions with overbreadth is not possible given the discretion given to judges to avoid its unnecessary application. The fact that a law can be arbitrary but not overbroad provides support for the Supreme Court’s insistence upon keeping the principles distinct. It also, however, requires that the Supreme Court adjust its position with respect to its method for proving arbitrariness.
The Devil is in the Scale: Revisiting the Commonality Requirement in Charter Class Actions
Authors: Ponomarenko Iryna
Published: October 2019

Even a cursory look at the literature reveals scant agreement among experts on the future of Charter class actions. In no small part, this uncertainty can be attributed to the divergent views among the courts concerning the proper contours of the commonality threshold for aggregate Charter proceedings. While the doctrinal narrative of Thorburn suggests that Charter rights are individual in nature and, thus, are not easily amenable to collective redress, the counter-narrative delivered by Good posits that in order for a Charter class action to pass the commonality hurdle of certification “it does not have to resolve all issues that may exist in terms of establishing liability.” Although it is easy to see Thorburn and Good as thesis and antithesis, the subsequent Charter class actions such as Murray can hardly be portrayed as a synthesis. Hence, uncertainty over the commonality standard reigns.

Taking these observations as its guiding thread, this article makes a case for revisiting the commonality requirement in Charter class actions and argues that “over-individualization” of Charter rights that has been imputed into the analysis by Thorburn is unjustified on both descriptive and normative levels. Descriptively, such “over-individualization” is misguided because it semantically overpowers the analysis which, if properly conducted, would often reveal either no need for individual fact-finding at all or the possibility to follow the resolution of common issues with individual mini-trials. Normatively, overreliance on individualized inquiries as part of the commonality analysis is misguided because it misconstrues the very nature of the class action regime.
MEASURING POLICY EFFICIENCIES OF INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS: ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS FOR EU COUNTRIES AND TURKEY
Authors: KARA Yağmur
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada Avrupa Birliğine üye 19 ülke ve Türkiye’nin çevresel etkinliklerinin karşılaştırmalı analizi Veri Zarflama Analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Analizde kullanılan göstergeler; sülfür emisyonları, toplam kömür ve petrol
tüketimi, nüfus, gayrı safi yurtiçi hâsıla ve doğal gaz tüketimidir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre ölçeğe göre sabit getiri (CRS) varsayımı altında 1997 yılı için Avusturya, Macaristan, Litvanya, Hollanda, Romanya, İsveç ve Türkiye etkin
ülkeler iken, Çek Cumhuriyeti, Polonya ve Yunanistan en az etkin ülkeler olmuşlardır. Ölçeğe göre değişen getiri varsayımı (VRS) altında ise Fransa, İtalya ve Birleşik Krallık da aynı zamanda etkin çıkmıştır. 2007 yılı için CRS
varsayımı altında yapılan analizde Avusturya, Bulgaristan, Macaristan, İtalya, Litvanya, Hollanda, Romanya, İsveç, Birleşik Krallık ve Türkiye etkin iken VRS varsayımı altında Danimarka ve Fransa etkindir. Yine 2007 yılı için Polonya
ve Çek Cumhuriyeti en az etkin ülkeler olmuşlardır. Yapılan karşılaştırmada hava kirliliği ile mücadele için atılan adımlar sonucunda ülkelerin çevresel etkinliklerini arttırdıkları görülmektedir.
SOCIAL THEME IN THE IDIOMS OF YEŞİLYURT (MANİSA)
Authors: ERATALAY Sevda Özen
Published: October 2019

Bir dilde deyimler, atasözleri ya da kalıp sözler herhangi bir şeyin özünü kısaca belirtmek ve söylemek adına oldukça önemlidir. Herhangi bir dilde anlatılmak istenen farklı sözcük ya da eylemlerle aktarılması aslında o dilin zenginliğini
gösterir. Tabii dil bunu farklı pek çok kaynaktan beslenerek yapar. Örneğin Türkçede sözcük çeşitliliği pek çok kaynağa bağlanabilir. Bu kaynaklardan biri elbette Anadolu ağızlarıdır. Ağızların en önemli özelliklerinden biri herkes
tarafından bilinen herhangi bir sözcüğün, eylemin ya da yapının, farklı kullanım biçimlerini ortaya koyan ve bu bağlamda konuşma dilini zenginleştiren kaynaklardan olmasıdır. Anadolu ağızları, deyim kullanımı konusunda oldukça
zengindir. Öyle ki bazen uzun uzun anlatılması gereken bir konu bir deyimle özetlenebilir. Hatta bireyler bazen başından geçen tatsız bir olayı ifade ederken kestirme yollardan biri olan deyimleri tercih eder. Çalışmada sözcük/eylem/yapı
bağlamında çevre ya da komşu köylerden oldukça farklı olan Yeşilyurt (Manisa) köyünden derlenen deyimler üzerinde durulacak ve derlenen deyimler yapı ve anlam bakımından incelenecektir.
THINKING ON CHILDHOOD: TRACES OF CHILDHOOD IN NEW MEDIA
Authors: DİLBEN Furkan
Published: October 2019

Çocukluk, yetişkin kurgusu üzerinden işleyen dünya tarihi içerisinde yok olup gitmektedir. Mefhum, dönemsel, politik yahut ekonomik olarak pek çok biçimde farklılığa uğrayarak günümüzdeki anlamına kadar gelmektedir. Geçmişte yetişkinle
bir tutulan çocuk, günümüzde farklı bir sosyal kategoriye işaret etmektedir. Bu çalışma, çocukluk kavramının bu tarihsel süreçle dönüşümüne ve insan hakları bağlamında nereye oturduğuna bakmakla birlikte; günümüzde çocukların "tüketici"
olarak yoğun biçimde hedef kitle haline geldiği medya ile ilişkisini de irdelemektedir. Günümüzde, çocukların yoğun biçimde varlık gösterdiği, binlere varan izleyici kitlesine sahip Youtube kanalları ve bilgisayar, tablet yahut
benzeri platform oyunları da çalışmanın içerisinde incelenmektedir. Çocukların katılım haklarını kullandığı yeni medyada karşılaştıkları dünyayı negatif ve pozitif biçimde sorunsal haline getiren çalışma, internet üzerinden yapılan
araştırmanın yanı sıra saha çalışması ile de desteklenmektedir.
REPRODUCTION OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE ALONG WITH FICTIONALITY (FORTY OF NIGTHINGALE AND RECEPTION AESTHETIC)
Authors: KESKİN Aytekin
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, İskender Pala’nın Bülbülün Kırk Şarkısı, adlı çalışması alımlama estetiği açısından irdelenmiştir. Hz. Muhammed’in biyografisini konulaştıran bu eser, yazınsal bir ürün, bir roman olarak irdelemede değerlendirilmiştir.
Eserin irdelemede dil bilimi, metin dil bilimi ve edebiyat bilimi verileri ışığında okur beklentilerinin nasıl gözetilip öncelendiği yorumlanmıştır. Alan bilgisi ve alımlama ölçütleri ile eserin didaktik (öğretici) yönelimi, edebiyat
eleştirisi açısından çözümlenmiştir. Eserin eleştirisinde açıklayıcı ve değerlendirici bir yönelim izlenip, insana özgü her türlü yaşanmışlığın edebiyat ile nasıl konulaştırılabileceği edebiyat bilimsel veriler ile betimlenmiştir.
THE INCORPORATION OF ŞEHNAME RELATED THEMES IN THE COUNCIL OF İBRAHIM HAKKI OF ERZURUM IN THE CONTEXT OF CLASSICAL LITERATURE
Authors: İNCE Ömer
Published: October 2019

Divan edebiyatı, toplumsal hayatı ilgilendiren her türlü kültürel kaynaktan yararlanmıştır. Mitoloji de edebiyatın yararlandığı bu kaynaklardan biridir. İran dil ve kültürünün, Orta Asya ve Osmanlı sahası Türk dili ve Türk kültür ve
edebiyatı üzerinde etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Klasik edebiyat şairleri arasında gösterilen İbrahim Hakkı, dini-tasavvufi şiirlerinde Şehname kaynaklı unsurlara fazla yer vermemiştir. Klasik edebiyat şairlerinin özellikle kasidelerinde
yoğun olarak kullandıkları bu malzemenin, Erzurumlu İbrahim Hakkı Divanı’nda az kullanılmasının sebebi, mutasavvıf bir şair olarak, dünya ve devlet adamlarından bir beklenti içerisinde olmayışı, bunun için devlet büyüklerine kaside
sunmayışı olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu sebeple genelde Klasik edebiyat şairlerinin devlet erkânını övmek için kasidelerinde teşbih ve telmih ilgisiyle çokça yer verdikleri mitoloji ve Şehname kaynaklı unsurlara, İbrahim Hakkı
Divanı’nda fazla ihtiyaç duyulmamıştır. Ancak sınırlı da olsa şairin bu malzemeyi kullanması, onun dini-tasavvufi şiir dil ve üslubuna Klasik edebiyatın söylem özelliği katmasını sağlamıştır.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Harta Bersama Dengan Harta Bawaan Ketika Terjadi Perceraian
Authors: Kenedi Jhon
Published: October 2019

The Marriage Agreement functions as a solution to anticipate or avoid injustice in the trial process in the court of the distribution of property, if there is a dispute between husband and wife. Conflicts over the distribution of inheritance sometimes can not be resolved by mediation efforts, even after being processed in the first court (religious court), continues into the court of appeal and cassation. Benefits of a Marriage Agreement in the Settlement of Default Assets, to assist the panel of judges adjudicating a case of inheritance disputes in making the right decision in divorce cases. If a case does not occur, the agreement is useful for separating the status between shared assets and property. If a case / dispute occurs, the marriage agreement is available
Landscape Perception in Peri-Urban Areas: an Expert-Based Methodological Approach
Authors: Rodríguez Romero Eva J. , De Tejada Granados Carlota Sáenz , Muro Rocío Santo-Tomás
Published: October 2019

While there is general consensus on the importance of landscape perception in urban studies, there is still a need to broaden the toolkit for researchers and practitioners to document, analyse and interpret these inputs, in line with the postulates of the European Landscape Convention and overcoming conventional formats based on descriptions and static photography. This becomes particularly pertinent in the peri-urban landscapes of large cities, bearers of the relations and contradictions between urban growth, resource consumption and landscape protection, and especially vulnerable to tabula rasa approaches. We case study the surrounding landscapes of Madrid at a metropolitan scale, addressing the gap between scopes and scales of recent landscape reports and focusing on two elements connecting (visually, or physically) the city with its commuting zone: lookouts and roads. An expert-based methodology presents the criteria for their selection and a description of desk and field work. A sample for each local approach is further developed to exemplify the application, combining cartography, 3D modelling, visual basins, on-site photography and interpretive drawings. This results in a multifaceted vision of how the city and its hinterland is perceived, illustrating both outstanding and everyday landscapes and how they interweave in a continuous experience.
REGULASI EMOSI MENGHADAPI KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN PRE OPERASI MAYOR
Authors: Gunawan Yeni , Kristinawati Wahyuni
Published: October 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran regulasi emosi dalam menghadapi kecemasan pada pasien yang akan melakukan operasi mayor (pre operasi mayor).

Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini melibatkan tiga orang partisipan, terdiri dari satu orang pria dan dua orang wanita. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan setiap partisipan memiliki strategi dan cara meregulasi emosi masing-masing dalam menghadapi kecemasan. Kedua partisipan wanita dengan strategi expressive suppression, sedangkan partisipan pria dengan cognitive reappraisal.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN PENDIDIKAN BERDASARKAN ANALISIS KEPUASAN MAHASISWA PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA DENGAN DIAGRAM KARTESIUS
Authors: Yuniati Rosita
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepuasan mahasiswa dalam kualitas pelayanan pendidikan, antara kinerja dan harapan yang diinginkan oleh mahasiswa sehingga dapat diketahui strategi yang digunakan untuk dapat meningkatkan jumlah student body dengan diagram Kartesius.

Metode yang akan dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian adalah penelitian non-eksperimental dan bersifat observasional asosiatif yaitu dengan melakukan observasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner.  Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari responden mahasiswa Universitas Setia Budi, dengan menggunakan kuesioner tertutup.  Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode probability sampling dengan teknik Disproportionate Stratified Random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan diagram Kartesius. 

Hasil dari penelitian adalah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tingkat kualitas pelayanan pendidikan yang diterima (perceived service) dengan tingkat kualitas pelayanan pendidikan yang diharapkan (expected service) oleh mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi, dimana Equal variances not assumed Sig = 0,000 < 0,05. Untuk meningkatkan jumlah student body pada Perguruan Tinggi, strategi pemasaran yang harus diperhatikan dengan prioritas utama adalah pengelolaan keuangan, sarana dan prasarana, tata kelola, dan suasana akademik.
SELF ACCEPTANCE PADA REMAJA CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: Fatmawati Veni , Sujoko Sujoko
Published: October 2019

Cerebral palsy merupakan salah satu bentuk ketidaknormalan yang cukup banyak terjadi dan dialami oleh para remaja. Ketidaknormalan secara fisik pada remaja ini secara langsung ataupun tidak akan mempengaruhi rasa penerimaan diri (self acceptance) pada mereka. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran penerimaan diri (self acceptance) pada remaja yang mengalami cerebral palsy. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara langsung, yaitu peneliti melakukan wawancara secara langsung remaja yang mengalami cerebral palsy.Berdasarkan  pada hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa: 1) ketidaksempurnaan fisik akan mempengaruhi penerimaan diri pada remaja penderita cerebral palsy. 2) dukungan sosial dan kemampuan berpikir positif dapat membantu remaja cerebral palsy untuk dapat menerima kondisi fisiknya.
The Effect of Diyala River Water Quality on the Quality of Tigris River Water using GIS	Mapping
Authors: Al-Rubaie Fatima Muqdad , Al-Musawi Nawar Omran
Published: October 2019

The assessment of a river water’ quality is an essential procedure of monitor programs and is used to collect basic environmental data. The management of integrated water resources in a sustainable method is also necessary to allow future generations to meet their water needs. The main objective of this research is to assess the effect of the Diyala River on Tigris River water quality using Geographic Information System (GIS) technique. Water samples have been collected monthly from November 2017 to April 2018 from four selected locations in Tigris and Diyala Rivers using the grab sampling method. Fourteen parameters were studied which are Turbidity, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Sulphate, Phosphate, Sodium, and Total Alkalinity. The results of GIS maps showed that the water quality of the Tigris River nearly affected by the water quality of the Diyala River within the locations selected. The maps also reveal that in March and April 2018 the quality of surface water got a sudden peak compared with the other months. This is due to the increase in both the parameter of Turbidity and Total Dissolved Solids.
Effect of Use Recycled Coarse Aggregate on the Behavior of Axially Loaded Reinforced Concrete Columns
Authors: Farhan Omar Shamal
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, the use of recycled waste construction materials instead of aggregates is becoming popular in construction owing to its environmental benefits. This paper presents an experimental and analytical campaign to study the behavior of axially loaded columns constructed from recycled aggregates. The latter was used instead of natural aggregates, and they were collected from the waste of previous concrete constructions. Different concrete mixtures made from varying amounts of recycled aggregates ranged from 0 to 50% of the total coarse aggregate were conducted to achieve 28 MPa. The effect of steel fibers is another investigated variable with volumes ranged from 0 to 2% concerning concrete’s mixture. The experimental results showed that the concrete strength is dependent on the amount of recycled aggregates. When the recycled aggregates were less than 30% of the total aggregates, they had a negligible effect on concrete strength and the load carrying capacity of the column models were improved. Also, the presence of steel fibers enhanced the load carrying capacity of the columns constructed from concrete with recycled aggregates of more than 30%. Finite element analysis (using ANSYS 16.1 software program) was conducted to simulate the experimental investigations, and they achieved good agreements with the test results.
Evaluation of the Performance of Online GPS/GNSS Data Processing Services for Monitoring the Land Deformations and Movements
Authors: Wanas Sajad Kareem , Alhamadani Oday Yaseen Mohamed Zeki
Published: October 2019

In recent years, the Global Navigation Satellite Services (GNSS) technology has been frequently employed for monitoring the Earth crust deformation and movement. Such applications necessitate high positional accuracy that can be achieved through processing GPS/GNSS data with scientific software such as BERENSE, GAMIT, and GIPSY-OSIS. Nevertheless, these scientific softwares are sophisticated and have not been published as free open source software. Therefore, this study has been conducted to evaluate an alternative solution, GNSS online processing services, which may obtain this privilege freely. In this study, eight years of GNSS raw data for TEHN station, which located in Iran, have been downloaded from UNAVCO website on a daily basis. Furthermore, TEHN GNSS observations are processed with CSRS-PPP, which is based on Precise Point Positioning (PPP) algorithm, and OPUS, which is based on double difference (DD) algorithm, to compare between these two techniques in terms of station velocity estimation and Earth deformation. On the other hand, TEHN station solutions that produce via scientific software, GIPSY-OSIS, are obtained from Nevada Geodetic Laboratory (NGL) website for data validation. Eventually, the results show that both GNSS online processing services (CSRS-PPP and OPUS) are credibly efficient to estimate station velocities, while CSRS-PPP trustworthy service for monitoring the Earth deformation.