bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-objective optimization of decoration engineering construction organization based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Yang Shujuan , Yu Dehu , Liu Yu , Sun Baodi
Published: January 2024

Abstract：The comprehensive optimization of decoration construction organization is of great significance to rational construction and reduces the construction period and construction costs. Flow construction is an important approach for the optimization of construction decoration engineering; however, it has not been used in the multi-objective optimization of the construction organization in decoration engineering. Moreover, current researches on the multi-objective optimization of the construction organization in decoration engineering does not consider the dynamic situations in practice. Consequently, there exists a difference between optimization research and practice. Therefore, this paper presented a multi-population genetic algorithm (MPGA) for optimizing the construction sequence of orders placed by customers and realizing multi-objective optimization of the construction period, transportation costs, and delay time of decoration engineering. Furthermore, three dynamic scenarios were proposed, where in a new customer placed an order, a process delay occurred, and an emergency order was received; a dynamic multi-objective optimization algorithm was also designed to solve the target problem. The results of the case study revealed that the Pareto solution obtained by the MPGA could shorten the construction period, reduce transportation costs, and reduce labor delay times, as compared with those before optimization. Moreover, the MPGA could effectively solve the multi-objective optimization problem of a decoration engineering construction organization, serving as a reference for the development of algorithms to solve the construction management problem; this, in turn, can promote the reform and development of the construction industry in the intelligent era.
The ocean flows downhill near the seafloor and recirculates uphill above
Authors: Schubert René , Gula Jonathan , Capó Esther , Damien Pierre , Molemaker Jeroen , Vic Clément , McWilliams J C
Published: January 2024

The oceans circulation redistributes heat, salt, biota, dissolved gases, microplastics, and sediments on Earth. The interior ocean, 100 - 1000 m above the sloping seafloor, moves on average mainly with the deeper seafloor to its left in the Northern Hemisphere and to its right in the Southern Hemisphere. It has not been addressed how bottom friction and the steepness of the seafloor affect this widespread interior flow and what the consequences are for the vertical circulation. Here we show, using current meter measurements and numerical simulations, that the interior flow is deflected by bottom friction into a widespread near-bottom downhill flow, which is stronger the steeper the seafloor. Typical local changes in seafloor steepness lead to a shallow divergence and a deep convergence of this downhill flow that are connected by an overlaying uphill re-circulation to closed overturning cells that reach far up into the water column. As oceanic overturning is climate-relevant, our study highlights the need to better understand the associated dynamics, to identify its climate and Earth system impacts, and to implement these impacts into climate and Earth system simulations. Furthermore, the effects of widespread near-bottom downwelling on sediments, microplastics, and biota need to be investigated in the future.
Sentiment analysis of Twitter posts related to a COVID-19 Test and Trace Program in NYC
Authors: Tsai Krystle A , Chau Michelle M , Wang Juncheng , Thorpe Lorna E. , Massar Rachel E. , Conderino Sarah , Berry Carolyn A. , Islam Nadia S. , Bershteyn Anna , Bragg Marie A
Published: January 2024

As part of a program evaluation of the New York City Test & Trace program (T2)–one of the largest such programs in the US–we conducted a study to assess how implementing organizations (NYC Health & Hospitals, other government agencies, CBOs) communicated information about the T2 program on Twitter. Study aims were: 1) quantify reach and engagement of T2 Twitter posts by NYC organizations and celebrities; 2) examine social media users’ perceptions of T2 through sentiment analysis of social media users’ T2-related posts; and 3) examine the engagement associated with Chelsea Clinton’s tweet about T2. In our sample of 1,987 T2-related posts, celebrities and CBOs generated more user engagement (0.26% and 0.07%, respectively) compared to government agencies (e.g., Mayor’s Office, 0.0019%). Sentiment analysis revealed that positive tweets (46.5%) had higher user engagement than negative tweets (number of likes: R2 = .095, p < .01), reinforcing the value of engaging with celebrities and CBOs.
Differences in Risk Factors and Predictors of Preterm Twin Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A retrospective study
Authors: LI Jinfeng , DUMBUYA John Sieh , CHEN Qian , ZHONG Xinqi
Published: January 2024

Background
To evaluate the differences in clinical characteristics, BPD risk factors and predictors in preterm twin infants.
Methods
A retrospective, single-centre study was conducted on preterm twins admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, from January 2021 to December 2022. Data, including perinatal and critical postpartum data, were collected for twin pairs with gestational age (GA) ≤ 31 weeks and birth weight ≤ 2500 g from clinical medical records, including perinatal data and critical postpartum information. Chi-square or nonparametric tests and multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse significant clinical parameters and characteristics for BPD between the two groups and to compare risk factors, respectively.
Results
A total of 233 twin infants were included in this study. Among them, 183 pairs had BPD, consisting of 366 twin infants. Among twins with BPD, 184 (50.3%) were discordant, and 182 (49.7%) were in one of the twin pairs with BPD. Extremely low birth weight infants (< 1000 g) and extremely preterm infants (GA < 28 weeks) were typical of twin pairs with both BPD (35.9% and 52.7%), while low birth weight infants (< 2500 g) and very preterm infants (GA > 28 < 31 weeks) were more common in one of the twin pairs with BPD (35 .2% and 86.8%). Preterm infants with a length/height between 25 cm and 35 cm were typically twin pairs with BPD (79.7% vs 20.3%). Among the twin pairs with both BPDs, 94 (51.1%) had a head circumference of 22–26 cm compared with 34 (18.7%). Among the risk factors, asphyxia, PDA, RDS, pulmonary hypertension, ROP, IVH, bloodstream infections, hypothyroidism, and hypoproteinaemia were more prevalent in both pairs of twins with BPD. Among the interventions, HFV, IMV, BiPAP, oxygen therapy, and HFNC therapy had significantly different effects on the two groups. The duration of these interventions also significantly differed between the two groups.
Conclusions
These data demonstrated that risk factors and predictors of BPD in preterm twins vary in magnitude and severity, particularly in extremely low birth weight infants, extremely preterm infants with smaller head circumferences, and infants with short length/height. The need for mechanical ventilation, duration of ventilation, and medication use increased in pairs of twins with both BPD. Thus, this study adds to the existing knowledge on the early detection of risk factors and stratification of clinical management strategies for preterm twins at the individual level.
Partial-privacy Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Time-varying Delayed Exponentially Controlled Chaotic System
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhang Ru , Liu Jianyi
Published: January 2024

To enhance privacy protection for specific regions within an image while preserving its overall visual integrity, this paper presents a visual encryption algorithm targeting partial privacy-sensitive areas. Initially, a novel time-varying delayed exponentially controlled chaotic system (1-TDEC) is proposed. It utilizes the current precision value to modify the system input in a real-time manner, effectively counteracting the dynamic degradation, and making it more suitable for image encryption algorithms designs. Subsequently, the Mask-RCNN instance segmentation model is incorporated to capture the pixel coordinates of different contents in the image, allowing for access to specific area information as required. Furthermore, this encryption algorithm employs a comprehensive permutation process along with parallel bit-shift coupling, effectively transforming the image target areas into visually meaningless forms. It also employs bit-plane theory, providing encryptors the flexibility to set different decryption access levels by manipulating the key stream length from the chaotic system, thus enabling user-specific decryption control. Finally, the comprehensive performance analysis results highlight that the designed algorithm achieves a maximum information entropy value of 7.9998 in encrypted images. Moreover, its resistance to differential attacks (as measured by NPCR and UACI) and pixel correlation are infinitely close to the ideal state, significantly underscoring its security and effectiveness.
Sexual Functions in Men with Congenital Bilateral Absence of the Vas Deferens: A Comparative Study.
Authors: Baydilli Numan , Akınsal Emre , Tosun Halil , Kızılay Emrah , Sonmez Gokhan
Published: January 2024

This study examines the sexual and psychological conditions of men with Bilateral Congenital Bilateral Absence of the Vas Deferens (CBAVD), a rare condition that contributes to male infertility, and compares it with healthy fertile men. A total of 52 patients with CBAVD and 66 healthy, fertile men who attended our infertility and andrology clinic were included in the study. Patients with cognitive impairments, language barriers, significant comorbidities, or a history of urogenital surgery were excluded. Reproductive hormone levels and semen volumes were evaluated. In addition, sexual status was investigated with validated questionnaires such as the International Index of erectile function, Male sexual health questionnaire, and Premature ejaculation profile. Semen volume was significantly lower in CBAVD men. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the CBAVD and control groups in terms of erectile function, orgasmic function, and sexual relationship satisfaction. However, sexual desire and overall satisfaction were found to be higher in the CBAVD group. The study suggests that CBAVD may not be a direct etiological factor for erectile dysfunction or premature ejaculation.
Synthesis and Characterization of UV-Curable Polyurethane Acrylates Derived from Trimethylolpropane and Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate: Effect of HEMA Content on Thermal Stability, Gloss Properties, and Microstructure
Authors: Eren Bilge , Karaçoban Esra Demir , Erdoğan Beyhan
Published: January 2024

This study presents the synthesis of a series of UV-curable polyurethane acrylates (PUAs) derived from trimethylolpropane (TMP) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) through a one-step polymerization method. The phase analysis using FTIR reveals distinct vibration bands corresponding to different functional groups within the polyurethane structure. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates two degradation steps in UV-cured PUA3/0 films, revealing the influence of HEMA content on thermal stability. Gloss properties exhibit a complex relationship with HEMA content, with initial improvement followed by a decline, emphasizing the impact on film glossiness. Hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties, measured by contact angle values, indicate increased crosslinking and less polar surfaces with higher HEMA content. Microstructure analysis using SEM demonstrates that UV-cured PUA3/0 films achieve effective chemical crosslinking and a dense microstructure, contributing to enhanced film properties.
Environmental factors and genetic parameters of growth traits in Tunisian local sheep
Authors: Souf Ikram Ben , Saidani Mariem , M’Hamdi Hajer , Mhamdi Naceur
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of lambs from four Tunisian sheep breeds. It involved 45780 lambs in 134 flocks from 99 farms. The zootechnical data (live weight, average daily gain) for the period 2011–2016 were obtained from the C of Genetic Improvement of the Office of Livestock and Pastures in Sidi Thabet. The results obtained showed a significant difference in weight and daily gains at typical ages. Lambs from single births were heavier than lambs from double births (1.05 ± 0.14 and 1 ± 0,01 kg). ADGs were influenced by the sex-mode of birth (P < 0.05). Single-born lambs showed higher ADGs, followed by twice-born lambs. The genetic type factor significantly influenced the growth of the lambs (P < 0.05). However, it should be noted that performance (weight growth and average daily gain) was better at the QFO breed. The age of the dams showed higher ADGs in lambs from dams aged 3 to 4 years, while the lowest ADGs were recorded in lambs from dams aged 5 years and older. The heritability coefficients of weights at different ages were estimated at 0.16 ± 0.04 for ADG3060 and 0.48 ± 0.03 for W10. The lowest values were observed for the ADG3060 (0.16 ± 0.021). The highest value is obtained for P10. Estimates of the genetic correlation for W10 with other parameters (W60, ADG0030, and ADG3060) were of the order of 14–42% of the variability.
Social Determinants of Health and Language Outcomes in Preterm Infants with Public and Private Insurance
Authors: Vohr Betty , Batta Arya , McGowan Elisabeth , Tucker Richard
Published: January 2024

Objective
To evaluate associations of maternal social determinants of health (SDOH) with language outcomes of preterm infants with public and private insurance.
Study Design
Single center study of 375 neonates born ≤ 28 weeks. Perinatal characteristics were collected, and the Bayley III was administered at 18–24 months. Primary outcome was language scores of < 85. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to compare groups.
Results
Mothers with public insurance had higher rates of psychosocial risk factors. In regression analysis, People of Color (aOR 2.4, 1.47–4.04), non-English speaking household (aOR 4.05, 1.47–11.15) and public insurance (aOR 2.03, 1.18–3.49) significantly increased the odds of having a language composite score of < 85, whereas breast milk (aOR 0.47, 0.28–0.79) was protective.
Conclusions
Preterm children with public insurance combined with specific SDOH are at increased risk of language delay. Providers have an opportunity to reshape health-care protocols and policies to address social determinants that impact outcomes.
MiR-146a Reduces Fibrosis after Glaucoma Filtration Surgery in Rats
Authors: Han Ruiqi , Zhong Huimin , Zhang Yang , Yu Huan , Zhang Yumeng , Huang Shouyue , Yang Zijian , Zhong Yisheng
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To explore the impact of microRNA 146a (miR-146a) and the underlying mechanisms in profibrotic changes following glaucoma filtering surgery (GFS) in rats and stimulation by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in rat Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts.
Methods: Cultured rat Tenon's capsule fibroblasts were treated with TGF-β1 and analyzed with microarrays for mRNA profiling to validate miR-146a as the target. The Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts were then respectively treated with lentivirus-mediated transfection of miR-146a mimic or inhibitor following TGF-β1 stimulation in vitro, while GFS was performed in rat eyes with respective intraoperative administration of miR-146a, mitomycin C (MMC), or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vivo. Profibrotic genes expression levels (fibronectin, collagen Iα, NF-KB, IL-1β，TNF-α，SMAD4, and α-smooth muscle actin) were determined through qPCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and/or histochemical analysis in vitro and in vivo. SMAD4 targeting siRNA was further used to treat the fibroblasts in combination with miR-146a intervention to confirm its role in underlying mechanisms.
Results: Upregulation of miR-146a reduced the proliferation rate and profibrotic changes of rat Tenon's capsule fibroblasts induced by TGF-β1 in vitro, and mitigated subconjunctival fibrosis to extend filtering blebs survival after GFS in vivo, where miR-146a decreased expression levels of NF-KB-SMAD4-related genes, such as fibronectin, collagen Iα, NF-KB, IL-1β，TNF-α，SMAD4, and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA). Additionally, SMAD4 is a key target gene in the process of miR-146a inhibiting fibrosis.
Conclusions: MiR-146a effectively reduced TGF-β1-induced fibrosis in rat Tenon’s capsule fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo, potentially through the NF-KB-SMAD4 signaling pathway. MiR-146a shows promise as a novel therapeutic target for preventing fibrosis and improving the success rate of GFS.
Generation of selenium-rich wheat mutants and exploration of responsive genes for selenium accumulation
Authors: Shi Tengteng , Wang Yanrong , Li Yuetong , Sui Xinying , Dong Chun-Hai
Published: January 2024

Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body, and its deficiency can lead to various diseases such as Keshan disease and large bone disease. Wheat, being a major staple crop, plays a crucial role in providing dietary selenium supplementation to combat this deficiency. Despite progress in understanding the molecular regulation of selenium accumulation in certain crops, the molecular mechanisms governing selenium accumulation-related gene expression in wheat plants remain poorly understood. In this study, three mutant wheat lines with elevated selenium content were identified. These mutant lines, alongside a wild-type control, were treated with salt and sodium selenite to assess their tolerance. To uncover the genes involved in the regulation of selenium accumulation, transcriptome sequencing was performed. To gain insights into the functions and pathways associated with the selenium-regulated genes, various bioinformatics tools and analyses, including gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, were utilized. The results revealed that the important genes encoding glutathione S-transferases, peroxidases, superoxide dismutases, and UDP-glucosyltransferases may function in the regulation of salt tolerance and selenium accumulation in wheat. The genes such as TaAPX8 and TaCPTISO showing dramatic alteration of transcript levels in the mutant lines are likely involved in selenium accumulation. These findings undoubtedly advance our understanding of the molecular regulation of selenium accumulation in wheat crops.
Conducting successful artificial insemination (AI) by laparotomy in African lion (Panthera leo)
Authors: Ekrami Behrang , Ghasemzadeh-Nava Hamid , Baghbadorani Maziar Kaveh , Nosrati Fereshteh
Published: January 2024

Assisted reproduction technologies including artificial insemination could play an important role in preserving the population of the vulnerable species. In this study, we collected semen from two male lions by using urethral catheterization under general anesthesia. The provided semen was evaluated and a qualified sample with a volume of 0.4 milliliters was extended in a 1:4 ratio by using 1.6 milliliters of Tris-egg yolk-based extender. Stimulation of ovaries in three lionesses of the study was done by administration of 1000 IU of eCG. One hundred hours later, the expected signs of estrous were evident and 750 IU of human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) was administered to induce ovulation. AI was conducted 36 hours after hCG injection through mid-line laparotomy and injecting 0.25 cc of diluted semen with a concentration of 1×106 spermatozoa into each uterine horn by using an angiocath. Exanimation of the uterine horns of the inseminated lionesses was done 60 days after insemination by ultrasonography. It was found that one lioness out of three (33%) was pregnant and had a twin in her uterine horns. The pregnancy lasted for 115 days and two cubs were born by the pregnant lioness.
Assessment of the Correlation and Diagnostic Accuracy between CSF and Plasma AD Biomarkers: A Comparison of the Lumipulse and Simoa Platforms
Authors: Dakterzada Farida , Cipriani Raffaela , López-Ortega Ricard , Arias Alfonso , Riba-Llena Iolanda , Ruiz-Julián Maria , Huerto Raquel , Tahan Nuria , Matute Carlos , Capetillo-Zarate Estibaliz , Piñol-Ripoll Gerard
Published: January 2024

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) plasma biomarkers related to amyloid (A), tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N) can potentially be used to identify these pathological features of the disease, as shown in recent studies. Our objective was to compare the clinical and analytical performance of plasma AD biomarkers measured using the single-molecule array (Simoa) and Lumipulse platforms.
Methods
We quantified ATN and AT plasma biomarkers in 127 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 81), AD (n = 30), and non-AD dementia (n = 16) using a Simoa HD-1/HD-X analyser (Quanterix) and a Lumipulse G600II automated platform (Fujirebio Europe NV).
Results
We found a strong correlation between the Simoa and Lumipulse methods, although there were systematic differences between biomarker values measured by each method. Concerning the clinical diagnosis, Simoa Ptau181/Aβ42 (AUC 0.739, 95% CI 0.592–0.887) and Lumipulse Aβ42 and Ptau181/Aβ42 (AUC 0.735, 95% CI 0.589–0.882 and AUC 0.733, 95% CI 0.567-0.900) had the highest discriminating power. However, their power was significantly lower than that of CSF Aβ42/Aβ40, as measured by Lumipulse (AUC 0.879, 95% CI 0.766–0.992). Similarly, Simoa Ptau181 and Lumipulse Ptau181/Aβ42 were the markers most consistent with the CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 status (AUC 0.801, 95% CI 0.712–0.890 vs. AUC 0.870, 95% CI 0.806–0.934, respectively) at the ≥ 2.127 and ≥ 0.084 cut-offs, respectively.
Conclusions
The Simoa and Lumipulse plasma AD assays showed comparable clinical and analytical performance. However, the performance of these biomarkers is weaker than that of CSF AD biomarkers. Interestingly, both platforms identify plasma Ptau181/Aβ42 as a promising biomarker for AD. At present, the analysed AD plasma biomarkers may be useful for screening to reduce the number of lumbar punctures in the clinical setting. However, the use of these markers as diagnostic tools requires further investigation.
OM85 ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting Notch expression and modulating the Th1/Th2 balance
Authors: 余 亚玲 , Li Zhuanyun , Hu Zhenghao , Peng Tianfeng , Niu Ruijie , Sun Peng , Wang Xiaorong , Zhang Jinnong
Published: January 2024

Th1/Th2 balances may play a vital role in the processes of inflammation and fibrosis. OM-85 BV encouraged preferential development of the Th1-type immunity characterized by amplified IFN-γ and decreased IL-4 production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of OM85 on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in C57 and its possible mechanisms. In vitro experiments, OM85 inhibited protein expression of Notch1 and Hes1 induced by TGF-β1 and influence proliferation of fibroblast cell. OM85 also reduced the α-SMA expression induced by TGF-β1 in fibroblast. In vivo experiments, pulmonary fibrosis model was established by three-dose intratracheal instillation of BLM (1mg/kg). While control C57 received saline, C57 of the treated group simultaneously were then exposed to an aerosol containing 10.5 mg of OM85 dissolved in 10 mL of sterile PBS solution at day42,44,46,49,51,53. BLM induced pulmonary fibrosis, increased lung hydroxyproline levels, total cell counts, macrophages, neutrophils and Lymphocytes counts and expression of Notch1 and Hes1 in lung tissue. In addition, Th1 response is suppressed as shown by diminished IFN-γ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and enhancement of Th2 response is marked by increased IL-4 in BALF. OM85 administration significantly attenuated these effects. The findings reveal the therapeutic potential of OM85 for BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in female C57, which were at least partly due to inhibition notch1 and Hes1 expression and regulation of Th1/Th2 balance.
FASB: an integrated processing pipeline for Functional Analysis of simultaneous Spinal cord-Brain fMRI
Authors: Vahdat Shahabeddin , Landelle Caroline , Lungu Ovidiu , De Leener Benjamin , Doyon Julien , Baniasad Fatemeh
Published: January 2024

Simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord and brain represents a powerful method for examining both ascending sensory and descending motor pathways in humans in vivo. However, its image acquisition protocols, and processing pipeline are less well established. This limitation is mainly due to technical difficulties related to spinal cord fMRI, and problems with the logistics stemming from a large field of view covering both brain and cervical cord. Here, we propose an acquisition protocol optimized for both anatomical and functional images, as well as an optimized integrated image processing pipeline, which consists of a novel approach for automatic modeling and mitigating the negative impact of spinal voxels with low temporal signal to noise ratio (tSNR). We validate our integrated pipeline, named FASB, using simultaneous fMRI data acquired during the performance of a motor task, as well as during resting-state conditions. We demonstrate that FASB outperforms the current spinal fMRI processing methods in three domains, including motion correction, registration to the spinal cord template, and improved detection power of the group-level analysis by removing the effects of participant-specific low tSNR voxels, typically observed at the disk level. Using FASB, we identify significant task-based activations in the expected sensorimotor network associated with a unilateral handgrip force production task across the entire central nervous system, including the contralateral sensorimotor cortex, thalamus, striatum, cerebellum, brainstem, as well as ipsilateral ventral horn at C5-C8 cervical levels. Additionally, our results show significant task-based functional connectivity between the key sensory and motor brain areas and the dorsal and ventral horns of the cervical cord. Overall, our proposed acquisition protocol and processing pipeline provide a robust method for characterizing the activation and functional connectivity of distinct cortical, subcortical, brainstem and spinal cord regions in humans.
Enhancing the adoption of water-saving technologies in India’s Agriculture: The determinants across four states of India
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Gandhi Vasant
Published: January 2024

India's food security is facing increasing threats from climate change, urbanization, affluence, and population growth. The nation grapples with low water use efficiencies, estimated at 25% to 35%, largely due to inadequate adoption of water-saving micro-irrigation (MI) technology. Recognizing the critical state of food security, this research delves into the barriers hindering the adoption of MI technology to address these challenges. The study employs a comprehensive conceptual framework for technology adoption, considering agronomic and agro-economic factors, effective demand, and aggregate supply constraints faced by farmers. Analyzing data from 501 adopters and non-adopters in four states, the research uses binomial and multiple regression analyses, along with assessing perception responses to identify key challenges in adoption. Among the findings, institutional support emerges as a crucial factor influencing technology adoption. Elements such as subsidy delivery, information dissemination, credit availability, and altering perceptions about water abundance significantly impact adoption rates. Wildlife damage to micro-irrigation systems is identified as a major threat, emphasizing the need for interventions to address this issue. The study underscores the importance of government interventions targeting these factors to encourage adoption rates, highlighting the potential for strategic measures such as a special purpose vehicle model for institutional support. Improving access to subsidies, information dissemination, and altering perceptions about water availability are identified as key strategies not only benefiting farmers but also contributing to national water conservation efforts and long-term food security.
Metabolically activated and highly polyfunctional intratumoral VISTA+ regulatory B cells are associated with tumor recurrence in early stage NSCLC.
Authors: Tartaro Domenico Lo , Aramini Beatrice , Masciale Valentina , Paschalidis Nikolaos , Lofaro Francesco Demetrio , Neroni Anita , Borella Rebecca , Santacroce Elena , Ciobanu Alin Liviu , Samarelli Anna Valeria , Boraldi Federica , Quaglino Daniela , Dubini Alessandra , Gaudio Michele , Manzotti Gloria , Reggiani Francesca , Torricelli Federica , Ciarrocchi Alessia , Neri Antonino , Bertolini Federica , Dominici Massimo , Filosso Pier Luigi , Stella Franco , Gibellini Lara , De Biasi Sara , Cossarizza Andrea
Published: January 2024

B cells have emerged as central players in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, although there is clear evidence for their involvement in cancer immunity, scanty data exist on the characterization of B cell phenotypes, bioenergetic profiles and possible interactions with T cells in the context of NSCLC. In this study, using polychromatic flow cytometry, mass cytometry, and spatial transcriptomics we explored the intricate landscape of B cell phenotypes, bioenergetics, and their interaction with T cells in NSCLC. Our analysis revealed that TME contains diverse B cell clusters, including VISTA+ Bregs, with distinct metabolic and functional profiles. Target liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry confirmed the expression of VISTA on B cells. Pseudotime analysis unveiled a B cell differentiation process leading to a branch formed by plasmablasts/plasma cells, or to another made by VISTA+ Bregs. Spatial analysis showed colocalization of B cells with CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes in TME. The computational analysis of intercellular communications that links ligands to target genes, performed by NicheNet, predicted B-T interactions via VISTA-PSGL1 axis. Notably, tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells expressing PSGL1 exhibited enhanced metabolism and cytotoxicity. In NSCLC patients, prediction analysis performed by PENCIL revealed the presence of an association between PSGL1+CD8+ T cells and VISTA+ Bregs with lung recurrence. Our findings suggest a potential interaction between Bregs and T cells through the VISTA-PSGL1 axis, able of influencing NSCLC recurrence.
Novel FOXP2 Variant Associated with Speech and Language Dysfunction in a Chinese Family and literature review
Authors: che fengyu , Li chenhao , Zhang Liyu , Qian Chenxi , Mo Lidangzhi , Li Benchang , Wu Haibin , Wang Lifang , yang ying
Published: January 2024

Background
Since its initial identification, the Forkhead Box P2 gene (FOXP2) has maintained its singular status as the archetypal monogenic determinant implicated in Mendelian forms of human speech and language impairments. Despite the passage of two decades subsequent to its discovery, extant literature remains disproportionately sparse with regard to case-specific instances and loci of mutational perturbations. The objective of the current investigation centers on furnishing an enriched delineation of both its clinical manifestations and its mutational heterogeneity.
Methods
Clinical phenotypes and peripheral blood samples were assiduously amassed from familial subjects. Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing methodologies were deployed for the unambiguous identification of potential genetic variants and for corroborating their co-segregation within the family pedigree. An exhaustive review of published literature focusing on patients manifesting speech and language disorders consequent to FOXP2 genetic anomalies was also undertaken.
Results
The investigation yielded the identification of a novel heterozygous variant, c.661del (p.L221Ffs*41), localized within the FOXP2 gene in the proband, an inheritance from his symptomatic mother. The proband presented with an array of symptoms, encompassing dysarthric speech, deficits in instruction comprehension, and communicative impediments. In comparison, the mother exhibited attenuated symptoms, including rudimentary verbalization capabilities punctuated by pronounced stuttering and dysarthria. A comprehensive analysis of articles archived in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) classified under "DM" disclosed the existence of 74 patients inclusive of the subjects under current examination, sub-divided into 19 patients with null variants, 5 patients with missense variants, and 50 patients with gross deletions or complex genomic rearrangements. A conspicuous predominance of delayed speech, impoverished current verbal abilities, verbal comprehension deficits, and learning difficulties were observed in patients harboring null or missense FOXP2 variants, as compared to their counterparts with gross deletions or complex rearrangements. Developmental delays, hypotonia, and craniofacial aberrations were exclusive to the latter cohort.
Conclusions
The elucidated findings augment the existing corpus of knowledge on the genetic architecture influencing both the proband and his mother within this specified familial context. Of critical importance, these discoveries furnish a robust molecular framework conducive for the prenatal diagnostic evaluations of prospective progeny within this familial lineage.
Proton-induced Behavioral Alterations approved Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Kim Gyutae , Kim Kyu-Sung
Published: January 2024

A long-term space exploration faces extremely hazardous environmental stresses, and the exposure to space radiation has been considered as one of the most dangerous factors in Space. For the safety of astronauts, even a low amount of proton exposure in space radiation is necessary to be understood to protect their body systems and maintain the functional balance. However, the endpoint test based on behavioral responses lead to an undetermined consequence in the functional declines by producing the inconsistent results despite of the accumulated proofs in the molecular and the cellular damages by proton. To clarify the systemic link between the proton exposure and the cognitive decline in behaviors, some fundamental behavioral tests, such as rota-rod, open field test, and novel object recognition, were revisited, and the proton-induced alteration was examined by computing behavioral markers in time basis. A portion out of total population (28 SD rats) involved for each test, and the relevant behavioral markers in time were calculated to assess the proton-induced effects in emotion, locomotion and memory. The examination in 3 months of behavioral responses after the different amount of exposure (control, 30cGy-, and 1Gy-exposed animals) identified the emotional and locomotive alterations while few memory-related changes were observed. The computed behavioral markers suggested a quantitative approach to demonstrate the cognitive behavioral effects by a low amount of proton (30cGy) as well as the direct relation between the proton exposure and the cognitive alteration.
Terahertz sensing of L-Valine and L- Phenylalanine solutions
Authors: Shu Jingyi , Zhou Xinli , Hao Jixuan , Zhao Haochen , An Mingming , Zhang Yichen , Zhao Guozhong
Published: January 2024

An asymmetric folded double-open ring of metasurface sensor based on the Fano resonance has been designed, with its resonant frequency matching the absorption peak of L-Valine at 1.7 THz. A mixture of water and glycerol in a volume ratio of 2:8 was proposed as a solvent to reduce the absorption of terahertz waves by water. A sample chamber with a controlled liquid thickness of (15 μm) was fabricated. A vertical incidence of terahertz time-domain spectrometer (THz-TDS) was constructed to allow solutions to be placed horizontally, and two different concentrations of amino acid solutions were subsequently measured. As the concentration of L-Valine solution varied from 0 to 20mM, the resonance peak of sensor shifted from 1.39 THz to 1.58 THz, demonstrating a concentration sensitivity of 9.98GHz/mM. The resonance peak shift in the L-Phenylalanine solution was not pronounced. It is speculated that the coupling enhancement between the solute absorption peak and the sensor resonance peak in the solution leads to an increased frequency shift, highlighting the distinctive sensing detection.
Children from High-income families may not be happy in commuting to school-- evidence from China
Authors: Mou Zhenhua , Wang Qingbin , Kong Weilin , Zhang Luyu , Wang Peng , Chen Yanyan
Published: January 2024

The uneven distribution of high-quality education resources leads to an increasing number of children choosing schools far from their homes, resulting in longer commuting times. This not only occupies the rest time of parents and children, but also reduces their happiness. Taking Lixia District of Jinan as a research area, this paper uses the Thiessen Polygon Method to define school districts, introduces the actual weight of children's school selection based on children’s OD data of commuting to school, combines the 4×1767×62 travel planning data obtained from Autonade API platform to jointly build the model of actual accessibility to commuting to school and the model of accessibility to commuting to school within school districts, and then studies the accessibility and transportation equity of households with different income in commuting to school. The results show that there are great differences in flow characteristics, accessibility and transportation equity of households with different income, and the dynamic spatial characteristics of children's commuting to school are affected by household income. Specifically, the actual accessibility of high-income households is smaller than that of other households, indicating that the children from high-income households spend longer time in commuting to school, and take up more of their rest time, which reduces their senses of satisfaction and happiness. Compared with the actual commuting to school, in commuting to school within school districts, the difference between households with different income has a greater impact on transportation inequality. Therefore, promoting reasonable and organized school selection processes can effectively reduce transportation accessibility gaps among households. This research contributes to enhancing urban accessibility and travel efficiency, and provide a basis for governments to formulate fairer and more rational transport policies.
Occurrence of tinea infection with comparative study of commercial antifungal and traditional herbs in district Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Uddin Muhammad Nazir , Shah Farhad Ali , liaqat Saima , khan Wajid , Din Taj-Ud- , Muhammad Muhammad , Aziz Fariha , Din Nisar Ud
Published: January 2024

The current study was aimed to pinpoint the prevalence of tinea infection causing pathogens, comparative study of commercial antifungal drugs and traditional herbs against two fungal species Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from dermatophytosis patients in Swat. A total of 190 samples were collected from skin, nails and hairs of infected peoples in different hospitals and private medical facilities. The samples were cultured on potato dextrose medium, labelled carefully and incubated. Moreover, the growths were observed under microscope and species were identified on the basis of morphological characteristics. A total of 12 different fungal species were isolated. Among all T. rubrum specie was recorded with high percentage 25%, followed by Candida (19.4%) and Penicillium spp (16.6%). The minimum rate was recorded for Aureobasidium pullans, Epidermphyton floccosum, Trichophyton basicola, T. verrucosum, T. tonsurans and T. tonsultans with 2.78% each. A total of six anti-fungal were examined in which fluconazloe and clotrimazole showed best results against T. rubrum and A. fumigatus. A total of eight traditional herbs were studied against T. rubrum and A. fumigatus. Ethyl acetate extract showed best results against both species followed by methanol extract. n Hexane extract was found less effective. The study concluded that fluconazole, clotrimazole and Ethyl acetate extract of medicinal plants were more effective against T. rubrum and A. fumigatus.
Metaheuristic hybrid deep learning-based channel estimation and precoding for millimeter-wave massive MIMO system
Authors: Shailender Shailender , Khera Shelej , Singh Sajjan
Published: January 2024

In mm-wave massive MIMO systems, the inefficiency of the digital or analogue precoders necessitates that each antenna has its own radio frequency chain. From this standpoint, a method of hybrid precoding that is economically viable has been devised. Digital beamformers are used for controlling antenna elements using short-dimensional precoding. From this standpoint, a method of hybrid precoding that is economically viable has been devised. During the channel estimation phase, we propose using deep recurrent convolutional neural networks (Deep RCNNs). Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) and Tuna Swarm Optimization (TSO) algorithms are combined in a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm to improve Deep RCNN's channel estimation efficiency. O-BiLSTM, or optimised bidirectional long short-term memory, is utilised by hybrid precoding in order to execute the optimal precode across the anticipated channel. In relation to spectral efficiency and normalised mean square error (NMSE), the enhanced channel estimation approach surpasses the existing schemes through the implementation of Deep RCNN. The spectrum efficacy of the O-BiLSTM hybrid precoder design method is observed to be superior when compared to alternative approaches.
Accuracy and efficacy of artificial intelligence-derived automatic measurements of transthoracic echocardiography in routine clinical practice
Authors: Shiokawa Noriko , Izumo Masaki , Shimamura Toshio , Kurosaka Yui , Sato Yukio , Okamura Takanori , Akashi Yoshihiro
Published: January 2024

Background
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the gold standard modality for evaluating cardiac morphology, function, and hemodynamics in clinical practice. While Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expected to contribute to improved test accuracy and is being applied clinically, its impact on daily clinical practice has not been fully evaluated.
Methods
We retrospectively examined 30 consecutive patients who underwent TTE at a single institution. All patients underwent manual and automatic measurements of TTE parameters using the AI-equipped TTE. Measurements were performed by three sonographers with varying experience levels: beginner, intermediate, and expert.
Results
A comparison between manual and automatic measurements assessed by the experts showed extremely high agreement in the left ventricular (LV) filling velocities (E wave: r = 0.998, A wave: r = 0.996; both p < 0.001). Automated measurements of LV end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters were slightly smaller (-2.41mm, and − 1.19mm) than the manual measurements, although without significant differences and both methods showing high agreement (r = 0.942 and 0.977, both p < 0.001). However, LV wall thickness showed low agreement between automated and manual measurements (septum: r = 0.670, posterior: r = 0.561; both p < 0.01), with automated measurements tending to be larger. Regarding interobserver variabilities, statistically significant agreement was observed between the measurements of experts and intermediate and beginner sonographers for all measurements. In terms of measurement time, automatic measurement significantly reduced measurement time compared to manual measurement (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that automated measurement using AI in routine clinical TTE may be highly consistent with conventional manual measurement and could reduce interobserver variabilities and measurement time.
Study on The Stability and Experimental Study of Non-uniform Allowance Chattering of Thin-Walled Parts Based on ɛ Influence Factor
Authors: Wu Yan , Han ShiZhan , Liu Xvhui , Zheng Gang
Published: January 2024

Aiming at the chattering problem generated in the machining process of thin-walled parts with complex curved surfaces, a process optimization strategy based on the non-uniform allowance of ɛ influence factor is proposed from the finishing margin with the goal of simplicity and practicality. Firstly, the machining allowance is planned using the ɛ influence factor, and then the theoretical evaluation of the chattering stability of milling operations for uniform allowance blades and nonuniform allowance blades based on the ɛ influence factor by semi-discrete time-domain analysis is carried out and compared, and the results show that the stabilizing region of the optional spindle speed and depth of cut is increased by about 50%, thus effectively improving the productivity. Finally, through the test machining of the whole impeller and the surface contour inspection of the whole impeller, it is verified that the process optimization strategy based on the non-uniform allowance of ɛ influence factor has an obvious effect on the suppression of chattering, which is instructive for the machining and manufacturing of thin-walled parts with complex curved surfaces.
Hydrogen sulfide alleviates neural degeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats probably through reducing oxidative stress and aldose reductase expression
Authors: Shen# Wenqi , Hu# Yanyun , Zhang Xiaoyan , Hu Tingyu , Wang Xin , Lu Junxi , Lu Huijuan , Liu Fang
Published: January 2024

Background
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes. In this study, we investigated the potential role of H2S as a novel therapy for DPN in diabetic rats.
Method
All the rats were divided into non-diabetic control group(n = 10), diabetic control group (n = 10) and H2S treated diabetic group (n = 10). A single dose of streptozotocin (60mg/kg) was applied to the rats for the diabetic models. Sodium bisulfide (50µmol/kg/d) was intraperitoneally injected daily for 2 weeks as H2S treatment. Biochemical assay, electromyogram, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, transmission electron microscopy, western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were then performed.
Results
H2S treatment did not affect the body weight, blood glucose levels or liver and kidney function in diabetic rats. Cell atrophy and axon degeneration of sciatic nerve and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in diabetic rats were relieved after H2S treatment through observation of light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase levels in serum and superoxide dismutase2 in sciatic nerve of diabetic rats were lower than non-diabetic rats, but restored obviously after H2S treatment. Serum and sciatic nerve homogenate malondialdehyde and aldose reductase expression were obviously higher in diabetic rats, but decreased significantly after H2S treatment. Finally, the sciatic nerve conduction velocity of diabetic rats improved after H2S treatment compared with diabetic control group, however without statistical significance.
Conclusions
Our study revealed that H2S alleviates neural degeneration in diabetic rats probably through reducing oxidative stress and downregulating aldose reductase expression.