bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blast resistance and mitigation strategies of structures: present status and future trends
Authors: Adhikary Satadru Das , Dutta Sekhar Chandra
Published: March 2018

Nowadays, the assessment of blast resistance and mitigation strategies for structures subjected to blast loading are receiving great attention from engineers and researchers because of the increased number of accidental and/or malicious deliberate explosions around the world. As a result, there is a substantial increase in the research publications in terms of journal articles, conference proceedings, design codes and guidelines to familiarise the engineering community with this topic. In addition, advanced computational techniques and available resources have led to the development of different schemes for accurate prediction of blast wave parameters and the structural response. This study presents a comprehensive summary of blast effects on structures, material characteristics under high strain rates, modelling and analysis considerations, response criteria for various structural components and design guidelines. Blast testing, retrofit methodology and probable areas of future research are also critically discussed by collation and analysis of more than 100 research articles. Thus, this paper provides a systematic prologue that will serve as a concise guide to identifying the fundamental issues associated with the design of structures to resist explosion effects.
Distributional Consequences of Trade for U.S. Consumers: Estimating Group-Specific Import Price Inflation
Authors: Hottman Colin J. , Monarch Ryan
Published: March 2018

This note highlights the results of our project constructing import price indexes across different U.S. income deciles over the years 1998 to 2014.
Aspectos socioculturais e econômicos na área de proteção ambiental (APA) de Guaratuba, Paraná
Authors: Fernandes Ana paula Donicht , Hoeflich Vitor Afonso , De Souza Mara Freire Rodrigues , Silva Ivan Crespo
Published: March 2018

A Mata Atlântica se constitui num dos biomas mais importantes do Brasil e abriga populações tradicionais de caboclos e caiçaras. Este artigo analisa o perfil dos moradores tradicionais das quatro unidades de gestão nos limites da Área de Proteção Ambiental de Guaratuba (APA), no município de Guaratuba. A coleta de dados foi feita a partir de entrevistas com 70 famílias moradoras da APA. Os resultados demonstram que os moradores da APA, em sua maioria, podem ser caracterizados como tipicamente de unidade familiar, pois possuem propriedades com até 4 módulos fiscais e a maior parte da mão-de-obra é constituída por membros da família. O sistema de produção agrícola está presente em mais de 80% das propriedades, sendo que a banana se configura como a principal cultura da região. A produção florestal foi caracterizada por extrativismo em florestas nativas (59%), extrativismo em florestas plantadas (37%) e em produção madeireira (6%). Com relação aos instrumentos de políticas públicas, o crédito rural foi acessado por apenas 24,3% dos entrevistados e 41,42% relataram receber assistência técnica. A associação dos bananicultores é utilizada principalmente para assistência técnica, compra de insumos na produção e emissão do Certificado Fitossanitário de Origem. Não foram identificadas organizações para comercialização ou produção de produtos florestais não madeireiros. Conclui-se que a APA de Guaratuba possui um contexto sociocultural e econômico que pouco favorece o desenvolvimento das comunidades locais sendo imperioso o planejamento e elaboração de políticas públicas que assegurem a proteção da biodiversidade e o respeito à cultura das comunidades locais.
Distribuição intra-planta e flutuação populacional de Tegolophus brunneus (Acari: eriophyidae: phyllocoptinae) em tangerineira
Authors: Bressan Luciana Ribeiro , Ott Ana Paula
Published: March 2018

Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer a distribuição intra-planta e a sazonalidade de Tegolophus brunneus Flechtmann, 1999 (ACARI: ERIOPHYIDAE), o ácaro-marrom-da-ferrugem-dos-citros, em folhas de tangerineiras ‘Murcot’ (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck x Citrus reticulata Blanco) produzidas sob manejo orgânico em Montenegro, RS no período de maio de 2012 a fevereiro de 2013. Para tanto, mensalmente foram avaliadas 14 plantas escolhidas aleatoriamente, retirando-se 16 folhas em diferentes pontos sempre no terço médio das plantas. Dividiu-se a planta em quatro quadrantes (norte, sul, leste e oeste), de cada quadrante retirou-se duas folhas maduras (uma da parte interna e uma da parte externa da planta) e duas folhas jovens (uma da parte interna e uma da parte externa da planta). Todas as folhas amostradas tiveram sua face adaxial e abaxial avaliada quanto à presença de ácaros. A análise da distribuição de T. brunneus indica que este ácaro localiza-se preferencialmente na face adaxial de folhas maduras presentes na região externa da copa localizadas no quadrante norte das tangerineiras. As maiores populações ocorreram no verão e as menores no inverno, estando relacionadas às temperaturas máximas e mínimas.
Introducción: Arte y Naturaleza / Introduction: Art and Nature
Authors: Bustamante Teodoro
Published: March 2018

Introducción al dossier
Educational Attainment and Social Inequality in Russia: Dynamics and Correlations with Education Policies
Authors: Kapuza Anastasia , Kersha Yuliya , Zakharov Andrey , Khavenson Tatiana
Published: March 2018

Dynamics of academic performance of Russian school students depending on cultural capital and the size of community is analyzed using PISA and TIMSS data. In order to reveal tendencies in TIMSS and PISA scores dynamics ten educational experts were interviewed. The last 15 years have witnessed a slight improvement in performance of Russian school students and a drop in social and territorial inequality. These changes do not affect all subject areas and result from educational attainment improvements in small populated localities and social groups of low cultural capital. Meanwhile, no growth has been observed in the scores of students with higher levels of cultural capital. The interviews shed light on possible changes in the education system associated with the dynamics of school students’ educational attainment.
Assessing Information and Communication Technology Competence of Students: Approaches, Tools, Validity and Reliability of Results
Authors: Avdeeva Svetlana , Rudnev Maksim , Vasin Georgy , Tarasova Ksenia , Panova Daria
Published: March 2018

The study describes the Information and Communication Literacy Test (the ICL Test), an instrument to measure information and communication technology competence in middle school students (grades 7–9). An overview of the existing instruments proves that there are no other ICT competence assessment instruments applicable to Russian students today. The assessment was constructed using an innovative systematic approach (evidence-centered assessment design, ECD). The ICL Test results were calculated using Bayesian networks, which are more effective than the Item Response Theory in this case. The ICL Test revealed a high level of construct, content, convergent, divergent and face validity as well as good reliability. The instrument conforms to both Russian and international educational standards according to Webb’s criteria for alignment. The ICL Test results were used to assess ICT competence and identify the factors that influence its development in regions of Russia, Armenia and Belarus. The conclusion is that the ICL Test can be applied to both Russian and foreign education systems.
Distinctive Ability of Concept Maps for Assessing Levels of Competence. Pilot study
Authors: Tyumeneva Yulia , Kapuza Anastasia , Vergeles Kseniya
Published: March 2018

Previous research has proved the concept mapping is an effective tool to evaluate knowledge structure, but usually the concept mapping served to foster and trace individual progress in specific field of knowledge. No attention was paid to identifying or verifying the formal indicators of concept maps or their sensitiveness to the level of competence in a specific field of knowledge. However it will make possible to use concept mapping as a standardized tool. In the current study some possible indicators are suggested based on concept maps of experts (n = 4) and novices (n = 9) in the field of data analysis. Experts and novices constructed their concept maps individually after receiving standardized instructions and brief training. Formal indicators were based on interpreting concept map as a graph. Specifically, indicators such as generality of concepts used, structure coherence, proportions of singular, complex concepts, etc. were expected to be discriminative for different levels of competence. We found that nearly all indicators actually discriminate between experts and novices. In addition, a few qualitative parameters of concept maps were identified (availability of key concepts, existence of erroneous relationships, procedural/conceptual nature of knowledge) which also differed across groups. As a result, concept mapping look potentially helpful for standardized evaluation of competence levels if we use the formal indicators. Although further research on extended and heterogeneous samples is required to test stability and generalizability of this formal approach to the concept  mapping.
Smart, Pretty or Independent: Who Is Popular at School?
Authors: Titkova Vera , Ivaniushina Valeria , Alexandrov Daniil
Published: March 2018

Sixty-two semi-structured interviews with students of grades 9–11 in 15 schools and a survey of 2,376 ninth-graders from 55 schools were used to identify Russian teenagers’ perceptions of popularity and assess gender differences in the factors of popularity. It transpires that 40–50% of school students reject the very notion of “popular” as inequality-inducing. Such attitudes are probably in coherence with collectivistic values that are prevalent in Russian society as opposed to individualistic ones. Students perceived as popular by their peers are characterized as exhibiting prosocial behavior. “The life and soul of the party” was the most frequent characteristic of popular teenagers used in students’ descriptions; “attractive”, “very smart” and “acknowledges no authority” were mentioned slightly less often. Girls are more likely to be classified as popular for their good-looking appearance and sense of style, while boys are revered for sports achievements, arguments with teachers, independence and ability to stand up for themselves. Intellect  and sociability are regarded as equally strong factors of popularity for both boys and girls. High status in a class is associated with social approval and support, academic achievements and prosocial behavior. Russian school students differ from their Western peers in their notion and perceptions of popularity.
Teachers’ Salary: Expectations and Results Achieved
Authors: Klyachko Tatyana , Tokareva Galina
Published: March 2018

The article deals with the main trends occurring in the school education system, which are caused by an increase in the average salaries of teachers. The analysis is conducted both on the basis of official statistics from the Federal State Statistics Service and on results  from monitoring the effectiveness of schools conducted by the Center for Continuous Education Economics of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. It is shown that parents don’t associate improvement in the quality of  teaching with the growth of teachers' salaries. At the same time, they believe that the school performs its functions quite successfully. Teachers themselves are increasingly unhappy with the size of their wages, most of them didn’t feel its increase. At the same time, only 6.6% of teachers plan to leave the profession and work in another sphere.
The Relationship Between Extracurricular Activities and Adolescents’ Academic Performance and Self-Concept
Authors: Alexandrov Daniil , Tenisheva Ksenia , Savelyeva Svetlana
Published: March 2018

The paper explores the relation between involvement of school students in extracurricular activities and their self-concept in mathematics and humanities as well as physical self-concept. The study is based on a survey involving over 5,000 ninth-graders from  schools in St. Petersburg, Leningrad Oblast and Pskov. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis methods reveal that involvement in extracurricular activities of any kind is positively related with academic performance, most strongly with educational achievements in foreign languages. We found no gender differences in the relationship between extracurricular activities and academic performance or self-concept; even sports have the same effects on the self-concept of boys and girls. Both structured and unstructured extracurricular activities are positively related with academic achievement, though the relation for unstructured activities is weaker. Engagement in two or three types structured extracurricular activities and in unstructured activities at the same time appears to be the most useful option in terms of academic achievement. Extracurricular activities also boost students’ self-concept in relevant academic domains. The strength of relationship between extracurricular activities and academic performance depends on the size of the city, being more conspicuous in small cities and towns than in megalopolises.
The Educational Potential of Russian Employers: The Gender Aspect
Authors: Baskakova Marina , Soboleva Irina
Published: March 2018

The educational potential of prospective and current employers and gender-based differences in its accumulation and use are analyzed from the perspective of the generation of decent jobs based on the data obtained by the Russian Federal State Statistics Service  Rosstat) as part of the “Population Survey on Employment Problems” and “Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey” projects. The study reveals that Russian entrepreneurship is characterized by an expressed gender asymmetry. Professionally employed women have higher educational potential than men, yet less opportunity to play out this competitive advantage as entrepreneurs. The educational potential of Russian employers has been found to be pretty high, but their stratum is too thin yet to be a consistent  generator of decent jobs and too difficult to expand.
Участие людей старшего возраста в социальном предпринимательстве на примере социального акселератора (Санкт-Петербург)
Authors: Москвина Анастасия Юрьевна , Должикова Дарья Вячеславовна
Published: March 2018

Анастасия Юрьевна Москвина – к. с.н., менеджер проектов ЦРНО, Санкт-Петербург, Россия. Электронная почта: nastya_moskvina@inbox.ru

Должикова Дарья Вячеславовна – юрист, член Ассоциации «Юристы за гражданское общество», обучающаяся СПбГУ по образовательной программе магистратуры «Медицинское право», Санкт-Петербург, Россия. Электронная почта: dolzhikova.daria@gmail.com

Социальное предпринимательство – новый феномен социально-экономической жизни России. Поскольку оно возникает как способ решать социальные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются социальные предприниматели и которые зачастую не решаются никем другим, закономерно, что часть таких предприятий или проектов направлены на решение проигнорированных государственными службами проблем пожилых людей. Кроме того, параллельно происходит смена парадигмы старения, что стимулирует пожилых становиться авторами и лидерами проектов в области социального предпринимательства. C одной стороны, все больше пожилых людей после выхода на пенсию остаются активными и хотят реализовывать себя в профессии, на работе, в деле, зарабатывать деньги. С другой стороны, большинство социальных проектов после окончания финансирования ищут способы оставаться устойчивыми и поддерживают идеи соцпредпринимательства у самих клиентов. В данном обзоре рассматриваются соцпредпринимательские проекты и социальные предприятия, поддержанные Ресурсным центром для НКО в Санкт-Петербурге, которые создаются пожилыми людьми. На примере руководителей соцпредпринимательских проектов, прошедших обучение в акселерационных программах Ресурсного центра для НКО в 2015–2017 гг., можно увидеть, что пожилые становятся все более активными. Анализ законодательства в этой сфере показывает при этом, что правовых стимулов и льгот к занятию предпринимательской деятельностью для пожилых на текущий момент нет. Представляется, что необходима поддержка и стимулирование пожилых для успешной реализации в таком полезном для общества деле, как бизнес, ориентированный на решение социальных проблем.
Российский индекс благополучия старшего поколения: методология, методика, апробация
Authors: Павлова Ирина Анатольевна , Монастырный Евгений Александрович , Гуменников Илья Владимирович , Барышева Галина Анзельмовна
Published: March 2018

Ирина Анатольевна Павлова – к. э.н., старший преподаватель кафедры экономики, научный сотрудник, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: iapav@mail.ru

Евгений Александрович Монастырный – д. э.н., профессор кафедры экономики, ведущий научный сотрудник, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: e.monastyrny@gmail.com

Илья Владимирович Гуменников – аспирант кафедры экономики, лаборант, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: iv.gumennikov@gmail.com

Галина Анзельмовна Барышева – д. э.н., заведующая кафедрой экономики, Томский политехнический университет, Томск, Россия. Электронная почта: ganb@tpu.ru

Одним из комплексных подходов для оценки сложных явлений служат интегральные (композитные) индексы, которые применяются для оценки институциальной среды и деятельности отдельных организаций. В статье описывается метод разработки интегрального индекса для оценки благополучия пожилых в России. Мы отвечаем на два основных вопроса: (а) позволяют ли открытые данные федеральной статистики сформировать инструмент для оценки благополучия пожилых людей на федеральном и региональном уровнях РФ и (б) может ли этот инструмент использоваться для многоуровневого анализа благополучия как комплексного явления. Для методологического обоснования предлагаемого индекса используются системный и институциальный подходы, для выделения основных процессов благополучия применяется метод комплексного многоуровневого анализа. Источниками для расчета являются данные Комплексного наблюдения условий жизни населения в 2014 г., раздела «Старшее поколение» официального сайта Федеральной службы государственной статистики, Выборочное федеральное статистическое наблюдение по вопросам использования населением информационных технологий и информационно-телекоммуникационных сетей. Основным результатом анализа является интегральный (композитный) индекс – Российский индекс благополучия старшего поколения (РИБСП), рассчитанный с учетом всех регионов. В статье сформулирован вывод о возможности выбора из массива данных государственной статистики показателей для оценки благополучия пожилых людей в субъектах РФ по четырем доменам индекса (экономика, социум, здоровье, региональное пространство), которые могут служить и самостоятельными субиндексами для мониторинга и оценки соответствующих процессов в регионах. В работе приводятся возможности и ограничения применения данного инструмента оценивания, связанные с (1) методологической и методической спецификой композитных индексов, (2) отсутствием или ограничением данных по регионам.
LN34 real-time RT-PCR protocol v2
Authors: M. Gigante Crystal , Wilkins Kimberly , Edgar Condori Condori Rene , Wadhwa Ashutosh , Li Yu
Published: March 2018

Purpose To describe the LN34 real-time RT-PCR assay procedure used for the qualitative detection of lyssavirus RNA in whole RNA extracted from brain tissue samples. The assay detects RNA from diverse lyssaviruses at varying concentrations [1].
Özellikli hastalarda endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi işlemleri, tek merkezli klinik tecrübe
Authors: AYDIN Mesut , ALPER Emrah , KANAT Evren , DÜLGER Ahmet Cumhur
Published: March 2018

Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi, gastroenterolojinin

en çok komplikasyona sahip işlemlerinden biridir. Klasik işlemin yanında bazı

farklılıklar gösteren hasta ve hastalıklarda işlemde veya kullanılan

malzemelerde bazı değişiklikler yapmak gerekebilmekte, deneyimli merkezlerde bu

işlemler daha az komplikasyonla yapılabilmektedir. Biz de kendi merkezimizde

yaptığımız bazı özellikli endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi işlemlerini

sunmayı amaçladık.Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi, gastroenterolojinin

en çok komplikasyona sahip işlemlerinden biridir. Klasik işlemin yanında bazı

farklılıklar gösteren hasta ve hastalıklarda işlemde veya kullanılan

malzemelerde bazı değişiklikler yapmak gerekebilmekte, deneyimli merkezlerde bu

işlemler daha az komplikasyonla yapılabilmektedir. Biz de kendi merkezimizde

yaptığımız bazı özellikli endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi işlemlerini

sunmayı amaçladık.
Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in a rural community in Bayelsa State
Authors: Egbi Oghenekaro G. , Ogoina Dimie , Oyeyemi Abisoye
Published: March 2018

Background: Hypertension is considered among the most common non-communicable diseases globally with significant morbidity and mortality. Closely related to it is pre-hypertension, a category between hypertension and normotension which is believed to be a forerunner to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension has been on the increase in recent times, even in rural communities which were previously less affected. The study was carried during the world health day as a screening exercise to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors in a rural community.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ogboloma village, a small rural community in Bayelsa State, Ngeria Consecutive sampling of all eligible participants who presented for the screening exercise was done. Socio-demographic data, clinical history, anthropometry and blood pressure were taken. Data was stored and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.Results: One hundred and thirty-one participants completed the study. There were 49(37.4%) males. The prevalence of hypertension was 50.4% while pre-hypertension was found in another 41.2%. Factors associated with hypertension on univariate analysis were age (p <0.001) body mass index (p=0.038) waist hip ratio (p=0.008) hyperglycemia (p=0.030) and smoking (p=0.009) However, only age (p=0.004) and smoking (p=0.037) remained significant on multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Hypertension and Pre-hypertension were highly prevalent in this rural community. Age and smoking were significant predictors of hypertension. Hypertension screening and control programmes should therefore target rural communities and smokers.
Influence of cataract and small incision cataract surgery on the macular thickness measurements: an optical coherence tomography-based study
Authors: Anand Anu F. , Kakkanatt C. V. Anthrayose , T. Mathai Monsy , Sasikumar Minu
Published: March 2018

Background: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging technique for analysing retinal architecture. It is a common investigation for various optic disc and macular diseases like glaucoma and diabetic macular oedema nowadays. OCT image quality is affected by many factors especially media opacity due to cataract. This study was done to compare macular thickness measurements by OCT in the presence of cataract and after removal of the cataract by Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS).Methods: A prospective observational study was designed which included 99 eyes of 99 patients with no optic disc and retinal pathology who underwent uncomplicated small incision cataract surgery. Routine ophthalmological evaluation including scans using macular analysis protocols of Cirrus HD OCT were done on the first visit to outpatient department and repeated on the day of surgery, one week and three weeks after surgery. The difference between the visits were analysed by Student’s t-test for paired samples.Results: The best corrected visual acuity and signal strength of OCT scans improved significantly after surgery. Among the macular parameters the temporal inner, nasal inner and nasal outer area thicknesses showed significant improvement from preoperative to postoperative values. The foveal thickness, nasal inner and nasal outer thicknesses changed significantly between two postoperative visits.Conclusions: The presence of cataract and small incision cataract surgery affects the macular measurements performed with Cirrus HD OCT. This should be taken into consideration while managing macular diseases like diabetic macular oedema.
Carotid intima-media thickness as a marker for assessing the severity of coronary artery disease on coronary angiography
Authors: Wani Asif S. , . Zafirah , Rashid Samia , Tantray Hanief M.
Published: March 2018

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD), the leading cause of death worldwide, has a huge area of primary prevention where patients at risk can be identified for more intensive, evidence-based medical interventions to reduce cardiovascular events. Whereas coronary angiography has stood the test of time to assess atherosclerotic burden, it is still unavailable to a huge population at risk of CAD. This study was devised in search of a cheap and simple tool to assess atherosclerotic burden. We aimed to investigate the relationship between Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in patients evaluated by coronary angiography for suspected CAD and whether CIMT could predict the extension of CAD.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from March 2013 to September 2015 in Department of Medicine, SMHS Hospital, J and K, India. A total of 100 patients admitted to for undergoing coronary angiography indicated for suspected coronary artery disease were enrolled. the risk factors evaluated in this study included age, body mass index, sex, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking. CAD was assessed and classified by coronary angiography and CIMT was assessed by carotid doppler.Results: There was a positive relationship between CIMT and CAD. Risk factors like Age, smoking, BMI, cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes had significant positive effect on CIMT; whereas gender, VLDL, triglycerides, HDL and LDL were statistically insignificant in affecting CIMT.Conclusions: CIMT is a cheap and simple tool to predict the extent of CAD.
A comparative study of intravenous dexmedetomidine and midazolam on prolongation of spinal anesthesia
Authors: T. Malarvizhi , A. Vidhya , R. Lavanya
Published: March 2018

Background: The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous dexmedetomidine and midazolam on prolongation of spinal anesthesia.Methods: The study population included people who were undergoing for spinal anesthesia for various surgeries. A total of 90 subject were randomized equally to Dexmedetomidine, Midazolam and saline groups using a computer generated random number sequence. Three study groups were compared with respect to all the baseline variables. The key outcome parameters and hemodynamic parameters were compared among the three study groups.Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in baseline paramters across study groups. The median values of patient satisfaction score and anesthesiologist satisfaction score were almost equal among three study groups, but the association was statistically not significant. The median VAS and the median HSL were slightly lower in dexmedetomidine group than other two groups (VAS-1,2,3 respectively and HSL -4,6,6 respectively) with statistically significant association (P<0.001). The proportion of Bradycardia and hypertension was slightly higher(13.3%) in dexmedetomidine group than other two groups whereas patients with excessive sedation 16.7% in midazolam group. The proportion of patients requiring analgesic for the first 24 hours was 36.7% in saline group, 33.33% in midazolam group. The association between symptoms and study groups was statistically not significant (P value>0.05) except with number of patients requiring analgesic for the first 24 hours (P value<0.05).Conclusions: Measurement of patient and anesthesiologist satisfaction scores are more or less similar in midazolam and dexmedetomidine groups compare to saline group.
Prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase, AmpC β-lactamase and metallo β-lactamase mediated resistance in Escherichia coli from diagnostic and tertiary healthcare centers in south Bangalore, India
Authors: Tewari Rituparna , Mitra Susweta D. , Ganaie Feroze , Venugopal Nimita , Das Sangita , Shome Rajeswari , Rehman Habibur , Shome Bibek R.
Published: March 2018

Background: The increasing reports on multidrug resistant Escherichia coli has become a potential threat to global health. Here, we present a cross-sectional study to characterize extended spectrum β-lactamase, AmpC β-lactamase and metallo β-lactamase producing E. coli isolated from different human clinical samples.Methods: A total of 300 clinical Gram negative bacterial isolates were collected and re-characterized for the identification of E. coli following standard microbiological techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli isolates was initially screened by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and MIC methods. The resistant isolates were confirmed to be ESBL, AmpC and MBL producers by their respective phenotypic confirmatory tests of combined disc method.Results: We identified 203 (68%) E. coli and 97 (32%) Non-E. coli isolates. The highest recovery of E. coli was from urine samples 72 (35%). Combined disc method using ceftazidime/ceftazidime+clavulanic acid and cefotaxime/cefotaxime+clavulanic acid confirmed 156 (79%) and 144 (73%) E. coli as ESBL producers, respectively. Thirty-four (34%) and 16 (27%) resistant E. coli isolates were confirmed to be AmpC and MBL producers, likewise.Conclusions: Increased prevalence of ESBL, AmpC and MBL producing E. coli were observed. Beta-lactamase mediated resistance appears to be prime mechanism in the multidrug resistant E. coli. Thus, early detection of beta lactamase producing E. coli is necessary to avoid treatment failure and prevent the spread of MDR.
Teneligliptin add on to monotherapy treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chatterjee Amitesh Kumar
Published: March 2018

Background: In patient with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled on monotherapy, teneligliptin is efficacious and safe as add-on to treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) or insulin. Data on efficacy of teneligliptin in Indian patients is relatively sparse. Aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of teneligliptin used as add-on treatment in patients inadequately controlled on monotherapy with OADs or insulin.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the electronic database at our endocrinology clinic from East India. Patients who were treated with teneligliptin (20 mg/day) as add-on to monotherapy with OADs or insulin were identified, and data analysed. Primary assessment parameters were change in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c %), fasting plasma glucose (FPG, mg/dL) and post-prandial plasma glucose (PPG, mg/dL) over 12-week from the addition of teneligliptin. Paired t test and McNemar test applied to derive statistical significance of paired continuous and categorical variables respectively.Results: In 88 patients, teneligliptin was used as add-on treatment in 77.3% and 22.7% patients receiving OAD and insulin as monotherapy respectively. Mean age of population was 48.3±15.1 years and 67% were males. From baseline to 12-weeks, there was significant change in HbA1c (9.6±2.1 to 8.4±1.2%, P<0.001), FPG (181.4±54.5 to 140.9±27.1 mg/dL, P<0.001) and PPG (273.7±75.6 to 201.1±47.7 mg/dL, P<0.001). Reduction in these glycemic parameters was significant in patients with teneligliptin as add-on to either OADs or insulin. Overall, 12.5% patients reached the target HbA1c of <7% after 12-week treatment (P=0.004).Conclusions: In patients who are uncontrolled on monotherapy with either OADs or insulin, addition of teneligliptin resulted in significant reduction of HbA1c, FPG and PPG after 12-week treatment. This establishes usefulness of teneligliptin in Indian patients with T2D. A larger, randomized, comparative study with other gliptins is warranted.
A histopathological analysis of prevalence of various heart diseases: an autopsy study
Authors: Garg Shilpa , Hasija Sonia , Sharma Puja , Kalhan Shivani , Saini Neerav , Khan Anam
Published: March 2018

Background: Objective was to study the histopathological spectrum of heart diseases in autopsy specimens, that play a major role as cause of death.Methods: During the period from October 2015 to October 2017. Total 170 medicolegal autopsies were received during this period. Out of 170, specimens of heart were 150. Nine specimens were autolyzed. So, 141 specimen of heart were included in the study. Gross and microscopic findings on H and E stained sections were studied.Results: out of 141 cases, 78 cases showed atherosclerosis, 20 cases showed features of myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy was found in 10 cases, 5 cases revealed myocarditis, pericarditis in 4 cases and one case each of infective endocarditis and aortic stenosis. In 22 cases, there was no identifiable cause of death even after complete gross and microscopic autopsy was performed.Conclusions: Myocardial infarction due to atherosclerosis is probably the commonest finding in death cases subjected to medicolegal autopsies.
Application of the translated version of Buss and Perry questionnaire and to see its reliability and validity in aggression estimation in North Indian population
Authors: Kaur Balreet
Published: March 2018

Background: The present study was done to translate the Buss and Perry questionnaire in Hindi and to check its validity and reliability. The questionnaire was translated as there was no translated version of the questionnaire available. The study was done to see the level of aggression in males and females with the translated version of questionnaire.Methods: The study was done on 500 subjects for the estimation of aggression. The Buss and Perry questionnaire has four factors 1) Physical aggression 2) Verbal aggression 3) Anger aggression 4) Hostility aggression. The questionnaire was translated by a bilingual person and was applied on both male and female subjects of North Indian population. The questionnaire was also got filled in the English version as well and no difference was found in the results of both the versions.Results: Out of 288 female subjects 77%, 15% and 8% subjects had low, medium and high level of aggression respectively while 67%, 17% and 16% male subjects were found to have low, medium and high level of aggression. The physical aggression was found more in males while the verbal aggression was found more in females.Conclusions: In the present study the results found were similar to the results with the English version. So it was found that the translated version of aggression questionnaire is valid and reliable for the estimation of aggression in males and females and free from gender bias.
Comparison of hemodynamic responses of intravenous dexmedetomidine and esmolol infusion during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Zuberi Azka , Tiwary Vaibhav , Rastogi Bhawana , Gupta Kumkum , Kumar Abhishake , Farooqui Raza
Published: March 2018

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the commonest surgery performed under general anesthesia in this set up but maintaining the hemodynamic stability is challenging in these patients. The present study was conducted to comparatively analyse the hemodynamic variations using intravenous dexmedetomidine and intravenous esmolol during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: Study was conducted on 90 adult patients aged 18-60 years, of ASA grade I or II of both gender, scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Patients were randomized into three groups of 30 patients each. Patients of Group A received esmolol infusion (loading: 1mg/kg and maintenance: 5-15µg/kg/min), patients of Group B received dexmedetomedine infusion (loading: 0.7µg/kg and maintenance: 0.4µg/kg/hr) and Group C (control group) received normal saline infusion. Patients were monitored for changes in heart rate, ECG, systemic blood pressure and EtCO2, at baseline, at 5 min and 10 min after giving study drug bolus, after induction, intubation, skin incision and CO2 insufflation. Thereafter, these changes were recorded at 15 min intervals till the end of surgery.Results: It was observed that perioperative use of dexmedetomidine and esmolol infusions maintained better hemodynamic stability as compared to the normal saline in control group. Though the patients in esmolol group showed less fluctuations in BP and HR (as compared to control group), but, stability was better in the patients of dexmedetomidine group at all-time intervals.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine infusion was a better option for maintaining hemodynamic stability in comparison to emolol infusion during laparoscopic surgeries.
Comparing the functional analysis of I-gel with Baska mask in laparascopic surgeries: an observational study
Authors: Shanmugavelu G. , Kanagarajan T.
Published: March 2018

Background: More than 40% of general anaesthetics are managed with supraglottic airway devices. First generation SADs act as airway conduits whereas second generation devices have safety designs like integrated bite block, gastric drainage channel and act as airway conduit for endotracheal intubation. Supraglottic airway devices are getting accepted by many anaesthetists during laparascopic surgeries.Methods: Authors did a study, comparing the functional analysis of I- gel with Baska mask during laparascopic surgeries with controlled ventilation. The study was conducted on sixty patients of either sex scheduled for short duration laparascopic surgeries (<2 hs). The study conducted on ASA I and II patients with a BMI of <30kg/m2. Patients with restricted mouth opening(<2.5cm), difficult airway, known GERD patients, obese patients (>30kg/m2), and ASA physical status III and IV patients were excluded from the study. patients were induced with fentanyl 2µg/ kg, propofol 2-2.5mg/kg and neuromuscular paralysis facilitated with atracurium 0.5mg/kg. Anaesthesia was maintained with oxygen, air (fio2 40%) with isoflurane1.5-2%. Ease of insertion was evaluated using 4-points scale. Score 1 means easy insertion to score 4 denotes impossible to insert. Oropharyngeal seal pressure was measured after five minutes of placement. FGF 5L/min was used after closing the APL valve at 70cm h2o, recording the pressure at which pressue is plateaued. Presence of sore throat, dysphagia and dysphonia were examined 2hrs and 24hrs post operatively.Results: The insertion time was shorter for I-gel (12.3±3.8secs) than Baska mask (20.1±8.1secs). Oropharyngeal leak pressure was significantly higher for Baska mask (24-32cmh20). Oropharyngeal airway morbidity was not significantly different between two groups. So, it has been decided that both airways are suitable for laparascopic surgeries, but I-gel was quicker to insert, but Baska mask gave good airway seal.Conclusions: In this study, authors have noticed that Baska mask will give good airway seal when compared with I-gel. But I-gel was quicker to insert than Baskamask. The main problem of the study was that it was not blinded.
Intramuscular spindle cell lipoma/pleomorphic lipoma unusual site fore arm
Authors: Jacob Anu Anna , N. Geethanjali , Poothiode Usha
Published: March 2018

Pleomorphic lipoma/ spindle cell lipoma accounts for 15 % of lipoma within extremities, confining to the superficial plain comprising lower dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Intramuscular presentation in extrimities is a rare presentation. Here is a case of deep seated pleomorphic lipoma, of forearm, both on fine needle aspiration, biopsy and IHC confirmation. 100% of benign cases of lipoma are positive for CD 34, as stated in many studies and was also positive in our case.
Comparison of effectiveness of Swamiji Vethathiri Maharishi’s acupressure 14 points exercise with TCM acupressure therapy in the treatment of depression, thyroid problems and heart ailments
Authors: Vijayalakshmi C. , Jothilakshmi M. , Devarajan V.
Published: March 2018

In this research article, the research scholar has made a maiden attempt in presenting three original case reports pertaining to the treatment of depression, thyroid problems and heart ailments faced by three different patients and a gradual recovery from these problems through a regular and unintermittent practice of Acupressure 14 points exercise designed by Swamiji Vethathiri Maharishi (1911-2006) a South Indian born Saint and Savant. According to him a continuous practice of this acupressure 14 points exercise ensures free flow of bio-magnetic energy or vital life force energy throughout the body without any short-circuit by removing air bubbles in the nerves and helps in the free flow of blood circulation and restores the body to the normal condition free from pain and diseases. In a similar manner, the concept of Traditional Chinese Medicine acupressure therapy involves Qi energy or vital life force energy which circulates through natural pathway in the body called meridians such as Yin-Yang channels. Blockage or an imbalance or disharmony in the flow of Qi energy or vital life force energy in Yin and Yang channels can cause illness and pain. Thus, concept of TCM acupressure therapy as well as Swamij Vethathiri Maharishi’s Acupressure 14 points exercise help the patients to correct the functional imbalance and restore the free flow of bio-magnetic energy or Qi energy and thereby returning the body to a more natural state of well-being. Thus, Swamiji Vethathiri Maharishi's acupressure14 point’s exercises and TCM acupressure therapy can be regarded as a priceless treasure to the society in general and to the patients suffering from various illnesses in particular. Swamiji Vethathiri Maharishi's Acupressure 14 points exercises as well as TCM acupressure therapy using fingertips is a non-pharmacological and self-care treatment, very safe, involves no side-effect and an inexpensive method which doesn’t require any equipment.
Os Desafios do Estágio Supervisionado em um Curso de Licenciatura a Distância
Authors: Mattos Layla Julia Gomes , Santos Silvana Claudia dos
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar como acontece o estágio supervisionado em uma licenciatura ofertada a distância. Para tanto, o nosso olhar buscou compreender como os estágios supervisionados do curso de licenciatura em Matemática a distância de uma universidade federal mineira têm sido propostos pela instituição, como eles são organizados pelo professor responsável pelas disciplinas de estágio e como eles são vivenciados pelos alunos. Essa pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo e se constituiu na análise de dados de documentos oficiais da universidade, de entrevistas online com a professora orientadora dos estágios e com estagiários e de relatórios de estágios elaborados por alunos do curso. Concluímos que os princípios da racionalidade técnica, pautados na lógica três (teoria) mais um (prática), é ainda dominante. Acreditamos também que um dos principais problemas que a EaD tem vivenciado é justamente o fato de se estar reproduzindo o modelo presencial, partindo da cultura presencialista?, e elaborando adaptações para o uso de AVA e suas ferramentas, sendo essa uma das dificuldades enfrentadas pelos docentes que atuam na modalidade.Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática, Educação a Distância, Formação inicial de professores, Teoria e prática, Licenciatura em Matemática. The challenges of the supervised internship in a distance bachelor's degree courseAbstractThe objective of this paper was to investigate how the supervised internship takes place in a degree offered at distance. In order to do so, our view sought to understand how the supervised internships of the degree course in Mathematics at distance of a Federal University in Minas Gerais have been proposed by the institution, how they are organized by the professor responsible for the internship subjects and how they are experienced by the students. This research is qualitative and was based on the analysis of data in official documents of the University, of online interviews with the internship teacher and with the trainees, as well as of reports of internships elaborated by students of the course. We conclude that the principles of technical rationality, based on logic three (theory) plus one (practice), is still dominant. We also believe that one of the main problems that the EaD has experienced is precisely the fact of reproducing the face-to-face model, starting from the "face-to-face" culture, and elaborating adaptations for the use of AVA and its tools, that being one of the difficulties faced by teachers who work in the modality. Keywords: Mathematical Education, Distance Education, Initial teacher training, Theory and practice, Degree in Mathematics
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Periklanan terhadap Keputusan Nasabah dalam Menabung pada Bank Syariah (Studi Kasus pada BTN Syariah Surakarta)
Authors: Haris Helmi , T Nur Said Irham
Published: March 2018

This research aims to analyze the influence of service quality and advertisingpartially and simultaneously against the costumer decisions in saving money at Bank Tabungan Negara (BTN) Syariah Surakarta. The population in this research are the total number of clients who save in Bank Tabungan Negara (BTN) Sharia Surakarta and using the Accidental Sampling as the method in sampling (numbers of sample are 98 respondent). The analysis tool that used in this research is “multiple linear regression”, which previously tested the validity and realibility as well as the classic assumption test. Based on the partial testing, both of service quality and advertising have significant influence positively with the level of á = 5% (0,05). The simultaneous test showed that the influence of service quality and advertising is significant with calculate F value 29.629 and the value of F table is 3.09
Analisis Pendapat Khalifah Umar Bin Khattab tentang Penundaan Penarikan Zakat Binatang Ternak Kambing yang Telah Mencapai Nisab
Authors: Munif Ahmad
Published: March 2018

Caliph Umar ibn al-Khat}t}a>b had delayed withdrawal charity goats. Thoughthere are number of goats has reached nishab. It is applied to an area in theHejaz region whwn it was hit by drought. Of course this is being debated.Though Umar is one of the companions are known firm ini carrying out their religious duties. The results of this research are, first, the withdrawal delay zakat animals that have reached only apply to animals that have been hit by the famine years (rama>dah). Umar’s policy gave alms to the people who have goats nishab number based on the condition of the person is also experiencing difficulties. One henred goat that he had no significant influence on survival at the time. Umar suspending withdrawal zakat to muzakki despite his wealth has reached nishab, due to difficulties and distress. Second, the vocabulary knowledge of fiqh, delay the withdrawal of zakat is must. Althought the jurist. Emphasizes that zakat is paid immediately. What is done by delaying the withdrawal of zakat Umar made one considered by some scholars to allow delaying the payment of zakat. And third, the condition of indonesia’s disaster-prone, makes delay the withdrawal of zakat by Umar could be pne of the considerations to delay payment of zakat to an area back to the state as usual.