bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are green walls a suitable environmental compensation in densifying cities? Quantifying the urban microclimate effects at the pedestrian level in Sao Paulo
Authors: Silva Priscila Weruska Stark da , Duarte Denise Helena Silva
Published: December 2022

In the city of Sao Paulo, green spaces are few and uneven. Between 2015-2018, to increase greenery, the municipality promoted green walls as an environmental compensation solution for the loss of urban trees. This study aimed to quantify the impact of these green façades on urban microclimate at the pedestrian level, considering the following variables: air temperature, air humidity, and mean radiant temperature. We reviewed local planning documents and the microclimatic performance of green wall technologies, establishing the effects of wall greening based on simulations — using the ENVI-met V4 Science model. Although the main difference was measured 15 cm far from the walls’ surface, the 60 cm away differences from the green wall were insignificant. The results indicate: (a) the impact of the green walls on outdoor microclimates at the pedestrian level is minimum, and (b) Sao Paulo’s policy for environmental compensation using green walls was poorly supported by scientific evidence. Therefore, green walls are a highly questionable alternative for environmental compensation from the perspective of urban microclimate. As much as promoting green walls for potential benefits is desirable, they are unsuitable to compensate the range of ecosystem services lost by the elimination of trees.
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Seizure Prophylaxis Among Adults After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Moura Lidia M.V.R. , Donahue Maria A. , Yan Zhiyu , Smith Louisa H. , Hsu John , Newhouse Joseph P. , Schwamm Lee H. , Haneuse Sebastien , Hernandez-Diaz Sonia , Blacker Deborah
Published: December 2022

Background:

Older adults occasionally receive seizure prophylaxis in an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) setting, despite safety concerns. There are no trial data available about the net impact of early seizure prophylaxis on post-AIS survival.

Methods:

Using a stroke registry (American Heart Association’s Get With The Guidelines) individually linked to electronic health records, we examined the effect of initiating seizure prophylaxis (ie, epilepsy-specific antiseizure drugs) within 7 days of an AIS admission versus not initiating in patients ≥65 years admitted for a new, nonsevere AIS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Severity score ≤20) between 2014 and 2021 with no recorded use of epilepsy-specific antiseizure drugs in the previous 3 months. We addressed confounding by using inverse-probability weights. We performed standardization accounting for pertinent clinical and health care factors (eg, National Institutes of Health Stroke Severity scale, prescription counts, seizure-like events).

Results:

The study sample included 151 patients who received antiseizure drugs and 3020 who did not. The crude 30-day mortality risks were 219 deaths per 1000 patients among epilepsy-specific antiseizure drugs initiators and 120 deaths per 1000 among noninitiators. After standardization, the estimated mortality was 251 (95% CI, 190–307) deaths per 1000 among initiators and 120 (95% CI, 86–144) deaths per 1000 among noninitiators, corresponding to a risk difference of 131 (95% CI, 65–200) excess deaths per 1000 patients. In the prespecified subgroup analyses, the risk difference was 52 (95% CI, 11–72) among patients with minor AIS and 138 (95% CI, 52–222) among moderate-to-severe AIS patients. Similarly, the risk differences were 86 (95% CI, 18–118) and 157 (95% CI, 57–219) among patients aged 65 to 74 years and ≥75 years, respectively.

Conclusions:

There was a higher risk of 30-day mortality associated with initiating versus not initiating seizure prophylaxis within 7 days post-AIS. This study does not support the role of seizure prophylaxis in reducing 30-day poststroke mortality.
A Framework for Modifying Orchestral Qualities in Computer-Aided Orchestration
Authors: Ghisi Daniele , Cella Carmine-Emanuele
Published: December 2022

This article introduces the Orchidea Orchestral Qualities framework (OOQ), an extension of the Orchidea environment for computer-aided orchestration. Traditional target-based orchestration generally reconstructs a target sound “as faithfully as possible” with a collection of samples. But more often than not, composers do not have specific targets in mind while performing orchestration tasks. A large class of orchestration practices deal with the transformation of musical material to enhance or reduce certain of its qualities (such as making a score more “brilliant,” “blurry,” “dense,” and so on). The OOQ framework implements this idea by making use of an analogy with digital signal processing. Scores and sounds are no longer used as targets, but rather as “sources” to be processed, not unlike what happens within a channel strip of a modern digital audio workstation. This article presents the rationale behind the OOQ framework, describes the behavior of its modules, and traces a path for future research on the subject.
How to Represent Part-Whole Hierarchies in a Neural Network
Authors: Hinton Geoffrey
Published: December 2022

This article does not describe a working system. Instead, it presents a single idea about representation that allows advances made by several different groups to be combined into an imaginary system called GLOM.1 The advances include transformers, neural fields, contrastive representation learning, distillation, and capsules. GLOM answers the question: How can a neural network with a fixed architecture parse an image into a part-whole hierarchy that has a different structure for each image? The idea is simply to use islands of identical vectors to represent the nodes in the parse tree. If GLOM can be made to work, it should significantly improve the interpretability of the representations produced by transformer-like systems when applied to vision or language.
Nothobomolochus oomenatsutobi sp. nov. (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) parasitic on the limpid-wing flyingfish Cheilopogon unicolor (Valenciennes, 1847) (Beloniformes, Exocoetidae) in Japan
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko
Published: December 2022

Nothobomolochus oomenatsutobi sp. nov. is described based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the limpid-wing flyingfish Cheilopogon unicolor (Valenciennes, 1847) in Japan. This species was dealt with previously as N. cypseluri (Yamaguti, 1953) by Izawa (2020).
Oxygen uptake by wrack- and driftwood-acclimated populations of Platorchestia platensis (Amphipoda, Talitridae) during feeding and fasting
Authors: Wildish D. J. , Poole N. J. , De Jourdan B. , Durante J.
Published: December 2022

Oxygen uptake rates were measured in fasted and fed Platorchestia platensis (Krøyer, 1845) to estimate the energy required for ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and growth. A modified population specific dynamic action model (SDApop) was compared between two populations fed either wrack or driftwood. Results reject the null hypothesis: that both populations have equal energy requirements during digestion, as might be the case if native enzymes alone were involved. The alternate hypothesis that driftwood-fed P. platensis have a significantly lower SDA than wrack-fed ones was supported. Our oxygen uptake measurement experiments could not distinguish between two possible causes of the lower energetic costs associated with driftwood-fed P. platensis: driftwood as a poor-quality food and/or a microbial subsidy effect. Preliminary microbiological studies of P. platensis do support the subsidy effect, because cellulose-degrading bacteria and filamentous fungi were present in whole body tissues from the animal. Wrack and driftwood culture treatments of P. platensis supported a different cellulose-degrading microbiome between the two treatments.
Comparison in biochemical composition and nutritional value of the invasive Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, from Lake IJsselmeer, The Netherlands, and its natural habitat, the Yangtze River, China
Authors: Chang Guoliang , Wang Zhiyan , Jiang Xiaodong , Zhang Min , Seinen Ferdinand , Wu Xugan
Published: December 2022

The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, as an invasive species, has formed a large wild population and become a new fishery resource in Lake IJsselmeer (IL) of The Netherlands. This study was conducted to quantify edible tissue indices, proximate composition, fatty acid and amino acid contents of crabs collected from IL, and make a comparison with wild crabs from the species’ native habitat, the Yangtze River (YZ). It showed that: (1) YZ had a significantly higher meat yield and total edible yield; (2) YZ showed higher lipid and protein contents at a lower gonadosomatic index; (3) IL had a higher level of C20:4n6, C20:5n3 and C22:6n3 in the hepatopancreas, and higher EPA and DHA in the ovaries; (4) although YZ has a clear advantage, both IL and YZ muscle were high in contents of essential as well as delicious amino acids. In conclusion, adult E. sinensis living in IL, The Netherlands, also have a rich nutritional value with a high edible yield.
Uncanny Brains versus a Lived-Body: Reflections on the “Hard Problem” of Consciousness
Authors: Ataria Yochai
Published: December 2022

The natural sciences seek to explain all natural phenomena, including human beings. This lofty objective encompasses the scientific project in all its glory, within which brain science constitutes an integral part. Essentially, however, neuroscientists not only seek to achieve a greater understanding of how the human brain works but rather, and perhaps mainly, aspire to understand human consciousness, that is, the subjective experience. According to this approach, consciousness is merely brain activity, and thus any progress in the study of the brain represents an advance in the study of consciousness. Yet, despite the many and impressive neuroscientific achievements, when it comes to understanding human consciousness, this discipline cannot deliver the goods. This ongoing failure, so it will be suggested, arouses uncanny anxiety, largely because consciousness is the only phenomenon in which we have complete confidence. The present article suggests that in order to advance our understanding of the subjective experience, we must focus on how the body is thrown into the world in the here-and-now.
The Strategic and Paradoxical Usage of Phenomenology in Foucault’s Archaeology
Authors: Lau Kwok-Ying
Published: December 2022

It is well-known that the mature Foucault, while recognizing the influence of phenomenology on him during his youth, declared his anti-phenomenological position since his archeological breakthrough. This paper tries to argue and show that though phenomenology is an object of criticism of Foucault’s archaeology, it nonetheless plays a paradoxical and strategic role in the construction of the archaeological project. Though Foucault undertakes in The Birth of the Clinic a critical deconstruction of phenomenology as positivism, against the open anti-positivist declaration of phenomenology itself, in the Archeology of Knowledge Foucault acknowledges that the opening of the space of archeology requires the practice of the “épochè of the épochè”, and in this sense archeology is a positivism too. That means also that archeology is possible only by the practice of the phenomenological operation of épochè in order to exit from phenomenology. This paradoxical and strategic usage of phenomenology in Foucault’s archeology is extended to his theory of discourse. For Foucault came to realize the limit of discursive practice: not only words signify but things signify too. If archeology wants to extend its domain of competence, it has to recur to description according to the way things show up themselves. This is nothing other than the basic methodological recommendation of phenomenology. Thus Foucault’s open declaration of his anti-phenomenological position is merely apparent, hiding his discrete paradoxical and strategic usage of the rich methodological resources of phenomenology.
A Long, Long Journey
Authors: Driscoll Jenny
Published: December 2022

This article considers the practical implications and effectiveness of a rights-based approach to delivering child protection programming in communities in which notions of children’s rights and child protection concerns may sit awkwardly with pre-existing cultural traditions. It reports on the findings of a qualitative study of child protection practitioners in two poor rural districts of Uganda and uses these to reflect on the key differences between international children’s rights norms as expressed in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and traditional African values as reflected in the African Charter for the Rights and Welfare of Children. It explores the perceived challenges posed by a children’s rights-based approach to parental authority and community practices in the context of the Ugandan legislation and the culture of the study communities and considers the key factors that appear to be influential in enabling changes in attitudes and behaviours towards children.
Children on their Participation, Nature, Competence, Rights, and Difference from Adults in the 2018 Parkland School Shooting Protests
Authors: Salva Roberto S.
Published: December 2022

Using a “child participation research as duty fulfilment and investigation” approach, we looked into US children’s participation reasons in the 2018 Parkland shooting protests. As duty bearers, we highlight children’s protest participation reasons ground up and in vivo. Then, we explore these reasons for children’s views on the four key issues hounding children’s rights. Using 326 randomly selected US middle and high school newsletters, we found ten significant themes substantively different from but logically linked with organisers’ publicised objectives. The reasons indicate children’s internalisation, a source of autonomy development, of the issues surrounding the shooting and protests. They reveal children’s views on the four key issues that emphasise the need to consider more the convergent and in-between of the mutually exclusive categories in childhood/child rights studies. Future studies should consider treating the being/becoming, nurturance/self-determination rights, and similar, convergent, and in-between categories in dynamic logical disjunctive relations. Our approach and similar child participation research approaches could also be further developed and used.
Riverbank Marketplaces in Ptolemaic Egypt
Authors: Skalec Aneta
Published: December 2022

This article examines Ptolemaic papyrological sources (Demotic and Greek) indicating the existence of marketplaces located next to the river during this period, which have so far been completely overlooked in the discussion on Egyptian markets. It focuses particularly on the location of marketplaces and their relation to settlements and the markets’ setting – whether they were surrounded by farmland or by buildings, and of what type. This analysis points to the highest parts of the riverbanks as the most likely location of marketplaces. Additionally, the article contains terminological remarks regarding the terms for the marketplace and the Nile in both Demotic and Greek.
International Humanitarian Law and the Conduct of Cyber Hostilities: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Schmitt Michael N.
Published: December 2022

War and international humanitarian law (IHL) exist and evolve in a synergistic relationship. On the one hand, treaty and customary law norms can proactively shape warfare. But on the other, changes in the nature of warfare often determine IHL’s path forward, for if IHL is to remain effective, it must remain responsive to the context in which it is to be applied. This article offers tentative reflections on how future conflict may affect the evolution of IHL’s conduct of hostilities rules as applied to ‘cyber capabilities’. It concludes that current and future cyber capabilities and vulnerabilities are driving the positions of States and the wider international community regarding cyber operations during armed conflict. In particular, it predicts movement in the direction of interpreting IHL rules restrictively, that is, in a manner that provides enhanced protection for the civilian population, sometimes at the expense of military advantage.
Marker-trait association analysis for grain shape traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Sinha Sweta , Kumar Yogendra , Kumar Saurav , Kumar Mankesh , Rashmi Kumari , Nahakpam Sareeta , Tomar Satyendra , Singh Suresh Prasad
Published: December 2022

Marker-trait association study was undertaken to identify genomic regions linked to SSR markers with grain shape traits in rice. The association analysis identified 20 and 8 marker-trait association by GLM and MLM approaches, respectively at P values ≤ 0.005. GLM approach identified association for three traits on chromosome 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11 and 12 explaining 16.07% to 38.66% phenotypic variance whereas MLM approach detected association for four traits on chromosome 1, 4, 7, 8 and 11 explaining 15.51% to 27.24%. In GLM approach, the marker loci RM430_200 located on chromosome 5 showed highly significant association with test weight explained maximum phenotypic variance of 38.66%. While in MLM, marker RM320_250 located on chromosome 7 showed highly significant association with grain breadth accounted for 27.24% of phenotypic variance. The significant marker-trait association was lower in MLM compared to those in GLM. MLM method was proven to be useful in controlling false associations. The marker-trait association identified from the present study would be validated and utilized in marker assisted breeding programs of grain shape traits in rice.
Mimicry and Misrecognition: Re-dressing the Colonial Relation in Annu Palakunnathu Matthew’s Photographic Transformations
Authors: Brown Rebecca M.
Published: December 2022

Annu Palakunnathu Matthew’s work “re-dresses” the legacies of nineteenth-century modes of imaging “Indians,” that is, both Native Americans and South Asian Americans. She honours the self-fashioning buried in nineteenth-century photographs of “native types” by restaging photographs with her own body, re-dressed in a construction of what an “Indian from India” is expected to be, all the while subtly pushing back at those expectations. For Matthew, photographs emerge as active participants in re-dressing and redressing the colonial and diasporic relation by demonstrating the ways in which Brown bodies continue to be forced into particular kinds of self-presentation; enacting the exhausting demand to assert oneself as Indian, American, human, legitimate, and belonging, and presenting these struggles as intimately linked to nineteenth-century legacies of representations of colonized, Brown bodies.
Ephedra strongylensis (Ephedraceae), a new species from Aeolian islands (Sicily)
Authors: BRULLO SALVATORE , BRULLO CRISTIAN , CAMBRIA SALVATORE , ILARDI VINCENZO , SIRACUSA GIUSEPPE , MINISSALE PIETRO , GIUSSO DEL GALDO GIANPIETRO
Published: December 2022

Ephedra strongylensis, a new species from the islands of Stromboli and Strombolicchio (Aeolian Archipelago, Sicily), is described and illustrated. It is morphologically well differentiated from the other species occurring in the Mediterranean territories, showing some relationships especially with Ephedra aurea, chiefly for the articles scabrous-wrinkled and not fragile at the nodes. However, significant features distinguish the new species from the latter, chiefly regarding the size and shape of twigs, leaves, male and female cones, ovules, seeds, fruiting strobili and pollen grains. Its ecology, conservation status and taxonomic considerations with other allied Mediterranean species are provided too.
Borreria savannicola (Spermacoceae, Rubiaceae), a new species from savanna patches within the Caatinga, Ceará State, Brazil
Authors: BEZERRA DE SOUZA ELNATAN , NEPOMUCENO ÁLVARO , DA COSTA RIBEIRO MARIA LUIZA R. , MIGUEL LAILA MABEL
Published: December 2022

A new species of Borreria from savanna vegetation found within the Caatinga in northwestern Ceará, Brazil, is described and illustrated. Borreria savannicola has an affinity with B. scabiosoides, sharing with it the habitat preference and similar morphological characteristics such as corolla infundibuliform, stigma bilobed and shape of seeds. Nevertheless, the new species differs mainly in its erect habit, linear leaves, terminal glomerule with up to 10 involucral bracts, and obovoid capsule. Images of anatomical characters, electro microphotography of flower, fruit, seed, and pollen, together with photographs of the habitat, distribution map and conservation status are provided.
Predictive Bias in Juvenile Risk Assessment: Considering Race/Ethnicity and Sex
Authors: Childs Kristina K. , Peck Jennifer H. , Brady Caitlin M.
Published: December 2022

This study examines the joint effects of race/ethnicity and sex on the classification quality of the Positive Achievement Change Tool (PACT). We assess predictive parity, calibration, and error rate balance using a statewide sample of youth who completed probation from 2007 to 2014. Similar rates of predictive parity were observed across groups. Calibration was observed consistently across groups, but only when low risk youth were used as the reference category. Black and Hispanic boys revealed the highest base rates of re-arrest and inaccurate classification (i.e., scored low risk but were rearrested). Our findings highlight the difficulty in making conclusions about test bias, especially when base rates of recidivism are not equal across groups. Implications for juvenile justice policy and practice are discussed.
Know diabetes by heart: Education about the linkage between cardiovascular disease and diabetes
Authors: Parisi Michelle , McFall Danielle , Ankomah Samuel , Dietz Christina J , Kanny Samantha , Jones Kadalynn Grace , Stancil Michelle , Sherrill Windsor Westbrook
Published: December 2022

Objective:

The objective of this study was to investigate how a 1-hour education session that highlights American Heart Association/American Diabetes Association’s Know Diabetes by Heart (KDBH) messaging changed the knowledge and behavioural intention of participants.

Design:

Single group, quasi-experimental study evaluating the impact of the KDBH education intervention on participants’ knowledge and intentions to engage in risk-lowering behaviours related to the link between diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Setting:

A free, 1-hour, synchronously delivered education session was offered through an online platform and facilitated by Cooperative Extension agents.

Methods:

A pre- and post-Qualtrics survey was used to assess changes in knowledge and intended behaviours. Slides were provided by the American Diabetes Association and tailored for clarification and evaluation purposes.

Results:

The study included 259 adults with an average age of 54 years (standard deviation [ SD] = 16.67) and 72.97% being 46 years or older. When participants were asked if having type 2 diabetes put them at risk for development of hypertension, unhealthy cholesterol levels, heart attack, or stroke, 84.84% answered correctly at baseline. After session completion, the percentage correct increased to 92.2% ( p = .002). Individual’s knowledge of cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of death for people with type 2 diabetes was assessed; 66.80% answered correctly pre-intervention. After completing the KDBH programme, 95.37% answered correctly ( p = .001). In addition, more than half of those with type 2 diabetes reported intended to adopt several behaviours related to reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease at the completion of the programme.

Conclusions:

The pilot study indicates successful information transfer in a 1-hour education session focused on chronic disease risks associated with T2DM. Results support the use of synchronous online platforms for diabetes and heart disease information transfer. Future prospective studies measuring sustained knowledge, behaviour adoption and incidence of heart-disease before and after education are needed.
Simulation modelling of hospital outpatient department: a review of the literature and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Philip Aby M , Prasannavenkatesan Shanmugam , Mustafee Navonil
Published: December 2022

The increase in demand for outpatient departments (OPDs) has contributed to overcrowded clinics and patient dissatisfaction. Computer simulation can help decision-makers meet the operational challenge of balancing the demand for outpatient services with considerations of available capacity. The paper presents a synthesis of the literature on simulation modeling in OPD using two approaches: a bibliometric analysis (employing keyword co-occurrence network) and a literature classification focusing on OPD strategy, OPD performance measures, and simulation techniques. Our review is based on 161 papers, published between 2006 and 2020, identified through a methodological search of the literature. The objective of the review is threefold: (1) to identify the major and emerging research issues in general and specialized OPD, (2) to find the commonly used performance measures in OPD and how it is associated with the strategies used to improve the performance, and (3) to identify the commonly used simulation methods for OPD modeling. A key finding from the bibliometric analysis is that most OPD research can be classified under one of the four clusters—“organization and management,”“patient satisfaction,”“overbooking,” and “performance.” We also find that patient waiting time has received much attention among the performance measures reported in the literature, followed by server idle time/overtime (server here is the OPD consultant or other healthcare resource). Our review serves as a key reference point for scholars, practitioners, students, and healthcare stakeholders, and those who use quantitative tools to aid operational decision-making.
Cross-Theoretical Compliance: An Integrative Compliance Analysis of COVID-19 Mitigation Responses in Israel
Authors: de Bruijn Anne Leonore , Feldman Yuval , Reinders Folmer Christopher P. , Kuiper Malouke E. , Brownlee Megan , Kooistra Emmeke , Olthuis Elke , Fine Adam , van Rooij Benjamin
Published: December 2022

To understand the question why people obey or break rules, different approaches have focused on different theories and subsets of variables. The present research develops a cross-theoretical approach that integrates these perspectives. We apply this in a survey of compliance with COVID-19 pandemic mitigation rules in Israel. The data reveal that compliance in this setting was shaped by a combination of variables originating from legitimacy, capacity, and opportunity theories (but not rational choice or social theories). This demonstrates the importance of moving beyond narrow theoretical perspectives of compliance, to a cross-theoretical understanding—in which different theoretical approaches are systematically integrated.
Think outside the search box: A comparative study of visual and form-based query builders
Authors: Svarre Tanja , Russell-Rose Tony
Published: December 2022

Knowledge workers such as healthcare information professionals, legal researchers and librarians need to create and execute search strategies that are comprehensive, transparent and reproducible. The traditional solution is to use proprietary query-building tools provided by literature database vendors. In the majority of cases, these query builders are designed using a form-based paradigm that requires the user to enter keywords and ontology terms on a line-by-line basis and then combine them using Boolean operators. However, recent years have witnessed significant changes in human–computer interaction technologies, and users can now engage with online information systems using a variety of novel data visualisation techniques. In this article, we evaluate a new approach to query building in which users express concepts as objects on a visual canvas and compare this with a traditional form-based query builder in a laboratory-based user study. The results demonstrate the potential of visual interfaces to mitigate some of the shortcomings associated with form-based interfaces and encourage more exploratory search behaviour. They also demonstrate the value of having a temporary ‘scratch’ space in query formulation. In addition, the findings highlight an ongoing need for transparency and reproducibility in professional search and raise further questions about how these properties may best be supported.
Black Mothers and NFL Moms Safety Clinics: An Ethnography of Care in American Football
Authors: Canada Tracie
Published: December 2022

Drawing on years of ethnographic research, this article highlights the importance of Black women's mothering, care work, and labor as their sons find success in American football. By centering Black mothers, the divide between the bureaucratic care offered by football programs and the motherly care offered by football moms is apparent. The former focuses on the player and all that he contributes to the program, and is clearly concerned with the capitalist value of his athletic labor. The latter focuses on the man, someone who takes the field, lives a life beyond it, and must navigate white supremacist and anti-Black spaces. Football, my findings suggest, requires and mobilizes both forms of care.
Primary sutureless repair concomitant with the Warden procedure
Authors: Watanabe Seito , Nakata Tomohiro , Suehiro Syoichi , Yasuda Kenji , Nakashima Shigeki , Oda Teiji
Published: December 2022

A 2-month-old girl who had supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (Darling classification type 1b) was referred to our institution. Computed tomography showed that multiple right upper pulmonary veins drained into the vertical vein, near the entry to the superior vena cava. The common pulmonary venous chamber was located lower right than usual, and right upper pulmonary veins were far from the common chamber. We successfully performed primary sutureless repair concomitant with the Warden procedure. Postoperative computed tomography showed unobstructed pulmonary veins and superior vena cava routes, and the vertical vein between right upper and lower pulmonary veins shrank slightly.
Beyond musical repertory: Euro-Americentric ways of knowing in the International Baccalaureate high school music curriculum framework
Authors: González Ben Antía
Published: December 2022

While choices of musical repertory are key to challenging the historical ethnocentrism of school music curricula, ethnocentrism manifests as powerfully in the way a curriculum defines and structures musical knowledge. This article examines the knowledge divisions used to structure one of the most popular and reputable high school music curricula worldwide: the International Baccalaureate (IB). My analysis indicates that, while IB music gestures rhetorically to cultural and epistemic pluralism, its primary knowledge divisions—Musical Perception, Creating, and Performing—are fundamentally rooted in modern Euro-American conceptions of musical knowledge and ways of knowing. This study demonstrates the importance of explicitly acknowledging the epistemic foundations of music curricula’s foundations so that teachers and their students can better decide how they want to engage with the knowledge presented.
Cerebral blood flow regulates iron overload in the cerebral nuclei of hemodialysis patients with anemia
Authors: Wang Huiying , Chai Chao , Wu Gemuer , Li Jinping , Zhao Chenxi , Fu Dingwei , Zhang Shengtong , Wang Huapeng , Wang Beini , Zhu Jinxia , Shen Wen , Xia Shuang
Published: December 2022

Hemodialysis patients exhibit anemia-related cerebral hyperperfusion and iron deposition (ID). However, the mechanisms underlying the pathology of cerebral ID are not clear. We investigated the role of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the pathophysiology of cerebral ID in hemodialysis patients with anemia. This study recruited 33 hemodialysis patients with anemia and thirty-three healthy controls (HCs). All the subjects underwent quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) to measure ID and CBF in the cerebral nuclei. Furthermore, we evaluated lacunar infarction (LI), cerebral microbleeds, and total white matter hyperintensity volume (TWMHV). Hemodialysis patients with anemia showed significantly higher ID and CBF in some nuclei compared to the HCs after adjusting for age, sex, and total intracranial volume (TIV) [ P < 0.05, false discovery rate (FDR) corrected]. CBF showed a positive correlation with ID in both patients and HCs after adjustments for age, gender, and TIV ( P < 0.05, FDR corrected). Serum phosphorus, calcium, TWMHV, hypertension, and dialysis duration were independently associated with ID ( P < 0.05). Hemoglobin, serum phosphorus, and LI were independently associated with CBF ( P < 0.05). Mediation analysis demonstrated that CBF mediated the effects between hemoglobin and ID. Our study demonstrated that CBF mediated aberrant cerebral ID in hemodialysis patients with anemia.
A hybrid technique for optimal power quality enhancement in grid-connected photovoltaic interleaved inverter
Authors: Vidhya K , Krishnamoorthi K
Published: December 2022

A grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system with interleaved inverter using a hybrid approach is presented in the paper. Generally, high deviation of DC voltage causes severe damage to the grid-linked system generate power quality issues. Therefore, a hybrid technique called LA-HBO, which is a combination of Lichtenberg optimization algorithm (LA) and heap-based optimizer, is proposed. The proposed method works with the interleaved inverter to realize a multifunctional operation and improve the power quality efficiency of the system. Here, LA techniques improve the power generated from PV and self-charging of the DC-link voltage control loop. The reference current signal is generated through the self-charging DC-link voltage control loop to eliminate the power quality issues. The double band hysteresis current controller generated a minimum switching frequency to provide low switching losses. A MATLAB platform is utilized to implement the proposed system, and the performance of the system is compared with other existing techniques. The test result validated that the proposed system can able to perform multilevel functions and produce power with high quality compared to other techniques. The value for the THD that achieves the proposed hybrid technique is 21.22%. The elapsed time of the proposed hybrid technique is 2.09 seconds.
Collaborative technology practices in social science early career scholarly research workflows
Authors: Ince Sharon , Hoadley Christopher , Kirschner Paul
Published: December 2022

Supporting scholarship as it is practiced by scholars depends on having tools which match the workflows of those scholars as they conduct research. Collaboration is an essential part of research and can occur through the stages of the research process. For early career scholars, work tends to be solo as they work on their dissertation. However, there is some evidence that their work does not occur in isolation. This is a qualitative study of early career scholars’ collaborative scholarly research workflows. It examines the role of collaboration in early career scholarly workflows, the types of tools used for collaboration, whether these tools support or hinder, and how collaborative tools support information practices and scholarly knowledge. Collaborative technology practices are seen throughout workflows and in some cases enable or hinder collaboration. There is not a strong interconnection between tools to support the scholarly workflow. This study identifies which tools are used for scholarly collaboration and the gap in functionality of tools for scholarship.
A Phenomenological Investigation Into the Meaning of Food in Palliative Care Patients With Anorexia
Authors: Ho Peiyan , Tan Laurence , Tay Evon Yi Wen , Lin Hong Hui , Lim Lee Yen , Chua Min Jia , Low James Alvin
Published: December 2022

Little has been published on the meaning of food to palliative care patients with anorexia. Our study aims to investigate the meaning of food in palliative patients with anorexia. Fifteen patients with anorexia were recruited from the Palliative Care Unit of an acute hospital in Singapore from August 2018 to August 2021. A phenomenological methodology was employed to study the lived experience of anorexia and the meaning of food to palliative care patients. Our study findings revealed that food has social, physical, and emotional meaning in palliative care patients with anorexia. The social meaning of food was the predominant theme. Food was viewed as an important tool to bond and connect with their loved ones. It was perceived to be more important than the food itself and the taste of food was enhanced through social interactions. Food intake was related to physical strength and health status. Patients regarded eating as a way to improve their health status. Emotionally, eating was associated with positive feelings like enjoyment and freedom. Half of our participants felt that anorexia contributed to their low mood. Therefore, unlike the traditional focus of modifying the taste and quality of food in patients with anorexia, the authors recommended a focused assessment and management of the social aspect of anorexia on individual. This is important to mitigate the negative impact of anorexia, thus improving the quality of life and increasing their dignity towards the end of their lives.
A DisCrit Critique of Practices for Youth With or At Risk of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Liang Christopher T. H. , Rosati Sarah A. , Fluharty Matthew , Gabrilowitz Rachel , Carter Devon , Mui Vivian , Kern Lee , Freeman Jennifer
Published: December 2022

Disproportionality persists with regard to the labeling of students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). A blending of critical race theory and disability studies, or DisCrit, provides a framework to examine disproportionality. In this article, a DisCrit mindset is applied to examine how racism and ableism intersect to disproportionately marginalize children of color. A critique of assessment practices, as well as the EBD definition, from a DisCrit perspective is offered to strengthen approaches for equity. We end with recommendations for educational practices and policies and suggest areas for future research.
Linking Psychometric Paradigm of Risk and Issue Attention Cycle: Risk Information in News Coverage of Avian and Swine Influenza Global Outbreaks
Authors: Fung Timothy K. F. , Namknoong Kang , Kim Jiyoun , Lai Po Yan
Published: December 2022

To examine risk characteristics of health threats during global outbreaks, this study linked the psychometric paradigm of risk and issue attention cycle to content analyze 1,626 news articles during the avian and swine influenza epidemics. The results revealed that journalists used different types of risk information, across the issue attention cycle, to emphasize the risk characteristics of each influenza: Risk characteristics of dread, catastrophic potential, and familiarity were emphasized in the waxing rather than in the waning stage of Avian influenza; in the waxing and waning stages, swine influenza was conveyed as a dreadful disease, through different risk information.
Using asymptotic homogenization to determine effective thermo-viscoelastic properties of fibrous composites with interphase layer
Authors: Vlasov Alexander Nikolaevich , Volkov-Bogorodsky Dmitriy Borisovich , Savatorova Viktoria
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we apply the method of asymptotic homogenization in parametric space in order to determine thermo-viscoelastic properties of materials composed of cylindrical fibers surrounding by an intermediate layer separating them from viscoelastic matrix. We use the Maxwell model of viscoelasticity. The volumetric fraction and physical properties of the layer can vary. There is a possibility of a contrast between the properties of fibers, the layer, and the matrix. Our approach allows us to treat temperature as a parameter and study the response of mechanical characteristics on the change in temperature. We perform the Fourier transform of governing equations and then implement asymptotic homogenization of the resulting equations in parametric space. Microscopic boundary value problem is defined on a periodic cell consisting of a fiber surrounded by a layer and embedded in the matrix. Macroscopic equations are derived for the complex Young’s and shear moduli. Effective viscoelastic properties of the material are computed for different values of the frequency of harmonic oscillations and for various temperatures. This paper discusses how effective storage and loss Young’s and shear moduli depend on volumetric fraction and mechanical properties of the material of the layer. The obtained results can provide information on how concentration, structure and properties of inclusions can affect the effective storage and loss Young’s and shear moduli.
Transamorous Misogyny: Masculinity, Heterosexuality, and Cis Men’s Sexist Desires for Trans Women
Authors: Robinson Brandon Andrew
Published: December 2022

Little sociological research has examined how cis people might be accepting or not of trans people on an intimate level. To begin to fill this gap, the author analyzes over 200 online discussion board posts and threads on Reddit by cis heterosexual men who discuss their romantic and sexual desires for trans women. The author coins the concept of transamorous misogyny to capture the paradoxical process of how cis heterosexual men’s desires for trans women is in and through their contempt of all women. Specifically, the author shows how the cis heterosexual men expand ideas of sexual identity as attraction toward gender expression. However, the men expand the definition of heterosexuality in ways that construct trans women as hyper-feminine, hyper-submissive, and as not real women. The men also discursively work to reassert their cis heterosexual masculinity through discussing how trans women are better than cis women. Ultimately, transamorous misogyny works to devalue all women and allows cis heterosexual men to desire trans women in ways that help the men invest in their own cis heterosexual masculinity.
Enabling Young People’s Involvement in Research: Principles for a Family Youth Alcohol and Other Drug Program Evaluation
Authors: Berends Lynda , Wansbrough Horace
Published: December 2022

We developed principles drawn from empowerment and realist evaluation theories to guide a family youth alcohol and drug program evaluation, before reflecting on our experience to develop additional principles for future work. The research team included the program clinician and an independent researcher. A purposive sample of young people and one parent took part in interviews. The principles we applied include practical and transformative elements: a collaborative, multidisciplinary team; valuing client perspectives; diffusing power; the belief that programs aim to achieve positive results; capacity building; and sharing information for personal benefit. Additional principles were having young people on collaborative research teams, addressing organizational readiness to embed young people’s involvement in research, accounting for gatekeepers in recruitment processes, and using information communication technology. While principles should be flexibly applied at project level, they can guide project design and encourage the development of organizational systems that support collaborative inquiry.
From awareness to activism: Understanding commitment to social justice in higher education
Authors: Howard Leigh Anne , Statham Anne , Gilles Erin E. , Roberts Melinda R. , Turner Wendy
Published: December 2022

In this study, we examine the concept of social justice to provide greater clarity about how higher education might help students achieve more understanding about social justice and develop behaviors consistent with social change. We measured three dimensions of social justice: students’ recognition that inequality exists, their determination to do something, and their willingness to engage in actions that reduce inequality. Mean differences in scales tapping these views between students in introductory and capstone courses in six liberal arts disciplines—social work, sociology, psychology, criminal justice, gender studies, and communication—suggest variations in how students in these programs commit to social change. Capstone students consistently showed greater commitment to social justice compared to freshmen students. The most significant differences occurred in their willingness to take action. Patterns differed significantly within the six disciplines, and consideration is given to the emphasis placed on social justice within the six disciplines, as partially explaining the differences. These results suggest some modification to the notion in the literature that a ‘principal-implementation’ gap exists among adults in their commitment to social justice that tends to increase with maturation.
Perceptions of media influence and performance among politicians in European democracies
Authors: Maurer Peter
Published: December 2022

This study explores politicians’ subjective views of the mediatisation of politics and the implication it has for their satisfaction with democracy. Based on previous research, we hypothesise a negative effect of their perception of media influence on their evaluation of the news media’s performance as a public informant. These perceptions directly and indirectly influence politicians’ satisfaction with democracy. The relationships were tested with a Structural Equation Model (SEM) based on comparative survey data from politicians in seven democracies (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland). Results show that a strong influence runs from politicians’ perception of the media’s performance as regards public information to their satisfaction with the functioning of democracy. This influence is stable across countries. The SEM thus may provide a good explanation for why some politicians attack legacy media and excessively use social media to communicate with voters. Results also point to risks of media-driven democracies.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis with juvenile polyposis syndrome: a case report
Authors: Tao Meng-Yu , Wang Kai-Yi , Li Xin , Yu Chen , Wan Qin-Si , Shu Xu , Chen You-Xiang , Liao Wang-Di
Published: December 2022

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasis (HHT) and juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) are both relatively rare hereditary disorders. It has been reported that patients with SMAD4 mutations may suffer from both HHT and JPS, defined as JPS/HHT. To improve the understanding and diagnosis of these diseases, we herein report a case of a 17-year-old male with abdominal pain and hematochezia. Low-tension computed tomography (CT) of the small intestine showed intussusception. Combined with the patient’s medical history of nasal bleeding and pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (pAVF) embolism, a final diagnosis of JPS/HHT was reached, according to the Curaçao Diagnostic Criteria. The possibility of JPS/HHT should be considered in patients with epistaxis and intussusception.