bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lóbis espanhóis no registo europeu de transparência
Authors: Almansa-Martínez Ana , Castillero-Ostio Elizabet
Published: July 2020

Os lobistas são agentes políticos de grande importância, já que operam com o objetivo de influenciar a tomada de decisão de diferentes instituições. Visando melhorar o conhecimento sobre estes grupos de pressão, a presente investigação analisa a composição e o funcionamento dos 745 lóbis espanhóis que se encontram, até à data do estudo, inscritos no Registo de Transparência da União Europeia. Através de uma análise de conteúdo, procurou-se mostrar a relevância e a influência que estes grupos detêm sobre os decisores políticos do Parlamento Europeu. Os resultados mostraram que a categoria formada pelos grupos de pressão das empresas das associações comerciais, empresariais ou profissionais é a mais numerosa, assumindo 50,6% da amostra estudada. Em relação aos indivíduos que dirigem estes grupos, notou-se que são maioritariamente homens, numa proporção que corresponde ao dobro do número de mulheres que desempenham esta função. Por outro lado, observa-se que apenas 8,18% dos lóbis espanhóis dispõem de sede na Bélgica, em comparação com 91,81% que não estão domiciliados no lugar onde se encontra a principal sede administrativa da União Europeia. Tal indica que a atividade de lobbying dos grupos espanhóis ainda é reduzida.
As estratégias de relações públicas nos média sociais: análise de campanhas para a mudança social no setor da educação em Espanha e Portugal
Authors: Smolak Lozano Emilia , Balonas Sara , Ruão Teresa
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo discute o uso dos média sociais nas campanhas que visam promover a mudança social no setor da educação. O principal foco de análise é as estratégias de relações públicas utilizadas: a partilha de depoimentos reais e o desenvolvimento do storytelling, como conteúdos que aumentam a afinidade e o envolvimento com vista à mudança social. Para este trabalho foram desenvolvidos dois estudos de caso que debatem as campanhas de duas organizações não-governamentais do setor da educação, realizadas através de média sociais: #LeonorDejaLaEscuela da Fundación Secretariado Gitano, em Espanha, em 2015, e #Amigo-Bagos-Douro da Bagos d’Ouro, em Portugal, em 2017. A primeira foi implementada, principalmente, no Twitter – uma das redes sociais mais conhecidas e usadas atualmente –, enquanto a segunda utilizou o WhatsApp – o sistema de mensagens móveis mais popular nos dias de hoje –, como meios de campanha para promover um acesso mais amplo à educação. Este estudo tem como objetivo responder à seguinte questão de partida: qual é o papel dos média sociais nas estratégias de relações públicas das organizações sem fins lucrativos? Trata-se de uma questão que exprime dois objetivos de pesquisa: (1.º) aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a capacidade das redes sociais produzirem interação comunicativa; e (2.º) (re)enquadrar as relações públicas nas estratégias da comunicação para o desenvolvimento. A análise demonstra como as redes sociais têm contribuído significativamente para alterar o modo como as estratégias de relações públicas são usadas no terceiro setor. Na verdade, os média sociais podem desempenhar um papel fundamental na comunicação sem fins lucrativos, nomeadamente cumprindo alguns propósitos: fazendo lobbying por causas sociais, criando alianças, angariando financiamento, mobilizando voluntários, envolvendo os média tradicionais e a comunidade, ou advogando pela reforma de políticas.
Relações públicas em estratégias de growth hacking na comunicação digital: os estudos de caso da Wallapop, Westwing e Fotocasa
Authors: Coll-Rubio Patricia , Micó Josep Lluís
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho debruça-se sobre o planeamento estratégico de relações públicas em marcas digitais de referência, que estão sediadas em Barcelona. Esta é a cidade anfitriã da feira internacional de tecnologia “Mobile World Congress” e, ao mesmo tempo, está em quinto lugar na Europa, no que respeita ao número de startups existentes. A metodologia qualitativa com o recurso ao estudo de caso foi a estratégia de investigação utilizada, a qual privilegiou a triangulação na recolha de dados através da realização de entrevistas em profundidade e da análise documental. Foram estudadas três marcas sustentadas no ambiente digital, cuja atividade se desenvolve no meio online. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que o planeamento de relações públicas das marcas digitais analisadas é realizado em quatro etapas: a pesquisa, o planeamento, a implementação e a avaliação. As ações de relações públicas destas marcas estão integradas em estratégias de marketing e privilegiam ações de publicidade, de marketing de conteúdo e de marketing de influência, que combinam a criatividade e a análise a fim de se atingirem as metas de growth hacking. As estratégias destas marcas procuram atingir metas de comunicação a curto prazo e as técnicas utilizadas orientam-se por uma abordagem de gestão por objetivos.
Competências e formação em psicologia: diretrizes para o Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Coêlho Ítalo Pereira , Macêdo Moema Alves
Published: July 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo a compreensão das possíveis relações existentes entre as competências apontadas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais de Psicologia com as Referências Técnicas publicadas pelo Centro de Referência Técnica em Psicologia e Políticas Públicas (CREPOP). Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, tendo como metodologia a análise do discurso. Após a leitura flutuante das referências técnicas produzidas pelo CREPOP entre janeiro de 2007 a setembro de 2019, foram selecionados quatro documentos para a pesquisa. Estes foram lidos na íntegra, realizando-se um fichamento e a construção de mapas dialógicos dos capítulos relacionados às práticas profissionais. Observou-se a existência de uma maior relação com as competências de atenção à saúde e educação permanente. As demais competências liderança, tomada de decisão e administração e gerenciamento sendo ampliadas para formas de atuação compartilhadas. Além disso, foi possível observar discursos que faziam menção a outras competências que acabavam ampliando a atuação da psicologia, mas que não são apontadas pelas diretrizes curriculares, como o trabalho com clínica ampliada, diálogo, trabalho colaborativo e ética dialógica.
A práxis do psicólogo no contexto da assistência social
Authors: Souza Duarte Nívia Arlete , Coutinho Areosa Silvia Virginia
Published: July 2020

A Assistência Social surge como um campo de trabalho interdisciplinar executado principalmente por equipes multidisciplinares em que o papel da Psicologia se destaca. Este artigo busca refletir sobre a atuação do psicólogo no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS), através de uma pesquisa qualitativa, da qual participaram nove psicólogos que trabalham nos CRAS (Centro de Referência de Assistência Social) e CREAS (Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social) de dois municípios do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, e sua análise norteada pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2004). Emergiram quatro categorias de análise: atuação do psicólogo na assistência social, percepção dos profissionais sobre os usuários, percepção dos profissionais sobre o trabalho, atravessamentos no trabalho. Os resultados apontam que a prática dos profissionais ainda é permeada pela visão da clínica tradicional, hegemônica na formação dos psicólogos. Contudo, muitos deles refletem criticamente diante de seu trabalho, compreendendo que é preciso construir espaços para pensar além e modificar suas práticas.
Carl Schmitt in the USSR
Authors: Kiselev Mikhail
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the perception in the USSR of C. Schmitt and his works. It is shown that the Russian Empire paid attention to and criticized Schmitt’s 1912 work Law and Judgment. Soviet readers in the 1920s–1940s were already acquainted with the content of Schmitt’s key works such as Political Romanticism, Dictatorship, The Historical and Spiritual State of Modern Parliamentarism, Political Theology, The Concept of Political, The Age of Neutralizations and Depoliticizations, and On the Three Types of Juristic Thought, and a discussion of these works was a part of the intellectual life of the USSR in the 1920s–1940s. Moreover, Soviet Marxist-theorists of law, while criticizing Schmitt’s ideas, agreed with some of his ideas regarding the criticism of the bourgeois state and law until 1933. However, after 1933, Schmitt’s works in the USSR turned into an object of harsh criticism, and he himself was proclaimed a key fascist theoretician of state and law. Since the late 1940s, because of the so-called struggle with “cosmopolitanism”, Schmitt’s works received less attention. In the 1950s–1970s, Schmitt’s works appeared only in some critical statements, and the works of Soviet authors of the 1920s-1940s about Schmitt actually fell into oblivion. A new wave of interest in Schmitt began only in the second half of the 1980s, and his works can already be considered in the context of the intellectual history of modern Russia.
The Belle Époque of Capital
Authors: Afanasov Nikolai
Published: July 2020

Book review: Thomas Piketty, Capital et idéologie (Paris: Seuil, 2019).
The Psychology of Bardo
Authors: Shalaginov Denis
Published: July 2020

Book review: Timothy Morton, Stat’ ekologichnym [Being Ecological] (Moscow: Ad Marginem, 2018) (in Russian).
Real Virtual Future
Authors: Zimova Natal'ya , Lebedeva Tamara , Subbotin Alexander
Published: July 2020

Book review: Andrew McAfee, Erik Brynjolfsson, Mashina, platforma, tolpa: nashe cifrovoe budushhee [Machine, Platform, Crowd: Harnessing Our Digital Future] (Moscow: Mann, Ivanov, and Ferber, 2019) (in Russian).
Uluslararası İstatistiksel Sınıflamalara Yönelik Kod Atama Sistemi (KASİS)
Authors: AHİ Levent , KILIÇ ÇAKMAK Ebru
Published: July 2020

İstatistiksel sınıflamaların, ülkelerin istatistik sistemlerinde çok büyük bir yeri ve önemi bulunmaktadır. İstatistiksel sınıflama kullanabilmenin yolu kod atamadan geçmektedir. Kod atama, elimizdeki metinsel tanım ile standart sınıflama sözlüğünde yer alan tanımı eşleştirme ve bu tanıma karşılık gelen sözlükteki kodu kullanma işleminden oluşmaktadır. Anketlerde, değişkenleri doğru gruplarda sınıflayabilmek için metinsel tanımlar sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Değişkenlerin sınıflamasının doğru olarak yapılmış olması bu değişkenler ile yapılacak araştırmaların sonuçlarının doğru olmasını sağlayacaktır. Kayıt sayısı arttıkça, değişkenlerin doğru gruplarda sınıflandığını kontrol etmek için manuel yöntemler yeterli olmayacaktır. Bu yüzden bu işlemi yapabilecek otomatik bir sisteme ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sınıflama kullanan değişkenlerin doğru grupta sınıflanıp sınıflanmadığını otomatik şekilde kontrol edebilen sistem tanıtılmaktadır. Sistemin etkinliği, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’nun (TÜİK) yapmış olduğu Hanehalkı Bütçe Araştırması (HBA) 2017 yılı veri seti kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu veri seti, ülkemizdeki tüketim harcamaları istatistiklerinin ana kaynağıdır. Tüketim harcamalarının sınıflamasında Uluslararası Bireysel Tüketimin Amaca Göre Sınıflaması (COICOP) kullanılmaktadır. Anketör tarafından kod ataması yapılmış kayıtlar, geliştirilen sistem ile kontrol edilerek sonuçları incelenmiştir. Geliştirilen sistem, denetimli makine öğrenmesi yöntemlerini kullanan sistemlerden eğitim veri kümesine ihtiyaç duymaması ile ayrılmaktadır. Sıfır noktasından itibaren sistem çalışmaya başlayabilir ve her bir ilave kayıtta kendi öğrenmesini artırarak devam etmektedir. Bu sistem, eğitim veri kümesindeki kayıtların sınıflamasının doğru olarak yapılıp yapılmadığını kontrol ederek denetimli makine öğrenmesi yöntemini kullanan sistemlerin doğru şekilde öğrenmelerine de katkı sağlayabilmektedir.
Turkish Dialect Recognition Using Acoustic and Phonotactic Features in Deep Learning Architectures
Authors: IŞIK Gültekin , ARTUNER Harun
Published: July 2020

Dialects are local forms of speech separated by a certain rate from a standard language. Dialect recognition is one of the popular topics studied in speech recognition. In particular, the spoken dialect is asked to be identified first in order to improve the performance of large scale speech recognition systems. The phonetic differences of speech can be determined by examining the acoustic properties at the physical level. Features such as Log mel-spectrograms are used for this purpose. In addition, the phonotactic term corresponds to the arrangement rules of phonemes in a language/dialect. Phoneme sequences and the frequency of this sequence vary from dialect to dialect. Phoneme sequences are obtained by phoneme recognizers. Another topic that has become popular in recent years is deep learning neural networks. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which is a special kind of deep learning neural networks, are often used in image and speech recognition. Long Short-Term Memory Neural Networks (LSTM) is a deep learning neural network model that produces more successful results than n-gram models in language modeling. In this study, the classification of Turkish dialects with CNN and LSTM type neural networks in terms of acoustic and phonotactic features were discussed. Also, LSTM neural networks are used for language modeling in phonotactic approach. In the experimental study, the proposed approaches were tested and interpreted on the Turkish Dialects Dataset that we collected. As a result of the study, it has been observed that the approaches used reaches 85.1% accuracy rate for Turkish dialect recognition.
Using Fuzzy Logic in Computerized Adaptive Tests
Authors: BOSTAN Atila
Published: July 2020

In this research, the contribution of expert knowledge in question selection algorithms of adaptive tests is studied and the employment of this approach in computerized adaptive tests is examined. In addition, the effect of multi-dimensional questions on measurement is also addressed. An algorithm utilizing the expert knowledge in computerized adaptive tests is proposed and tested in the experiments. A case study was conducted on seventh-grade science course with the utilization of fuzzy-logic based adaptive test. Consequently, by the help of the statistical studies, it is shown that computerized adaptive testing expresses the differences in student achievement levels in more visible way. Furthermore, 31 questions in maximum and 22 questions in minimum were observed to be effective for accurate assessment or student achievement levels on seven dimensions in adaptive testing. Using fuzzy logic in adaptive tests which were assessed to be effective in self-learning and distance education environments is found to be plausible.
3-(2-PYRIDIL)-5-(2-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1,2,4-TRIAZOL AS A REAGENT FOR FLUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MICRO-AMOUNTS OF ZINC
Authors: Starova V. , Khomenko D. , Doroshchuk R. , Lampeka R.
Published: July 2020

The development of new fluorescent reagents for determination of trace amounts of zinc in biological samples is an actual issue. Efficient reagents should characterized by high hydrophobicity, low sensitivity to media acidity and intense fluorescence in the long-wavelength region of the spectrum. Therefore, the using of a rigid π-conjugated molecule of 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole as a fluorescent probe for the determination of zinc micro-quantities in biological samples is considered as a rational choice.

3-(2-pyridyl)-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole is a highly hydrophobic ligand (logP=3.0±0.1). Dissociation of the protonated nitrogen atom in the pyridine cycle of the ligand occurs at pH = 4, рКа1= 3.98±0.05. The pKa2 value is equal to 8.74 ± 0.03 and corresponds to the dissociation of the N-H group of the triazole fragment. The absorption spectrum of the ligand solution in DMSO is characterized by two bands with maximum at 272 nm and 320 nm due to intraligand π-π * transitions. The values of the molar absorption coefficient for these bands are 1.18·104 l·mol-1·cm-1 and 1.36·104 l·mol-1·cm-1, respectively. Two bands at 402 nm and 535 nm are also observed on the fluorescence spectra of the ligand. The high fluorescence intensity in the long-wavelength region of the spectrum indicates the promising use of this ligand as an analytical reagent at a creation of new fluoresce techniques.

3-(2-pyridyl)-5-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole as chelating ligand can form two complex compounds in DMSO solution with composition ML and ML2. Complex formation is accompanied by the appearance of a third absorption band in the visible regions of the spectrum at 440 nm (ε440≈ 6,5·103 l·mol-1·cm-1) due to LMCT transitions. In addition, the complex formation leads to fluorescence quenching.

Developed fluorescent techniques for determination of zinc quantities in a sample of hair and in a tablet of vitamins "Duovit" are characterized by satisfactory precision and accuracy. The range of zinc concentrations determining in the hair sample is 71–286 μg/g, Sr=0.033 (n=3, P=0.95). The zinc content that was found in the "Duovit" tablet is well correlated with the declared content. This indicates the good selectivity of ligand in relation to the accompanying microelements.
KINETIC'S INVESTIGATION OF METHACRYLIC MONOMERS BASED ON 2-STYRYLQUINOLINE
Authors: Kharchenko O. , Smokal V. , Krupka O. , Kolendo A.
Published: July 2020

Polymethylmethacrylate is widely use material in optics due to its atmosphere resistance, chemical stability, good mechanical properties, transparency and light transmission. Due to these properties, PMMA is often used as a polymeric matrix for creating photosensitive polymers and polymers with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. Materials with NLO properties can be made by introducing moleculas of chromophores into the polymer chain. There are two fundamentally different ways of doing this. The first is to create composite material where the chromophore is a dispersed phase and is introduced into the system as a "guest". In the second case, the chromophore is introduced into the polymer chain covalently, and can be included in the side and the main chain. Studies of polymers containing NLO chromophore in the side chain have shown a number of advantages: better orientation of the chromophores under the action of an electric field; relaxation processes are much slower; increasing time and thermal stability; increasing the glass transition temperature of the polymer. Based on present knowledge we decided to design new methacrylic polymers with styrylquinoline chromophore in side chain.

The polymerization ability of the new monomers for free radical homopolymerization was investigated kinetically by using dilatometric method. It was found that new 2-styrylquinoline containing monomers are able to homopolymerization with high conversions (63–83%). The polymerization was carried out in DMF using 2,2´-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator at 80°C in argon atmosphere. The products of polymerization were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy. It was installed that all new monomers have bigger speed of polymerization (Ksum= 1.36–8.33×103 l/mol×s) then methylmethacrylate (Ksum= 0.5×103 l/mol×s), phenylmethacrylate (Ksum= 1.1×103 l/mol×s) and similar to polymerization of 2-methyl-8-oxyquinoline methacrylate (Ksum= 3.28×103 l/mol×s). It was found that speed of polymerization increases with increasing electron donating power of substitute in paraposition of the aromatic ring. It has been proven that presence of electron acceptor group reduces speed of polymerization.
MODIFIED ELECTRODE FOR NO3- DETERMINATION IN SALINE WATERS BY VOLTAMMETRY METHOD
Authors: Smyk N. , Kopanytsa B.
Published: July 2020

A certain level of NO3- in water is necessary for the growth of algae. Most aquatic organisms can survive at relatively high nitrate levels, but concentrations higher than 0.2 mg/l cause fish diseases, eutrophication and algal bloom in aquariums. Thus, it is necessary to monitor the level of nitrates in aquarium water. When choosing the method of nitrate level analysis that will be used to develop an in-site saltwater monitor system, we should take into account several key factors, such as the threshold concentration and possible inferences, including high levels of Cl- in saltwater. Other desired criteria for the method are the need to get results in real time, low cost of production, and a way to perform the measurements in-site without the need for highly skilled personnel. The voltammetry was chosen as a method that satisfies our criteria. It is known that nitrate can be reduced quantitatively on a copper electrode. However, the copper electrode becomes poisoned after only a few minutes of use. Previous studies showed that a thin layer of copper deposited on the surface of various commonly used electrodes significantly improve the perfomance of the sensing system. This paper describes the fabrication process of voltammetric sensor and shows the advantage of using a glassy carbon electrode modified with electrodeposited copper layer to measure the concentration of nitrate in sea water. We have found that the modified sensor can be effectively used to catalyze nitrate reduction with a welldefined reduction wave with E= -1.1 V. We performed the cyclic voltammetric (CV) experiments and chose an optimal supporting electrolyte and the optimal conditions for the pretreatment. It was found that the peak current of nitrate increases with the increase of Cl- concentration and is stable in the range (2–3)⋅10-1 mol/l. The pH value from 3.5 to 6.0 does not influence the reaction on an electrode. The developed sensor was used to direct determine of nitrate in artificial seawater without of any sample preparation. Potentiometry with standard proсedure of Cl- precipitation was used to validate all the results. The values obtained by both methods were in good agreement with each other.
SYNTHETIC PYRIDINE SUBSTITUTED AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
Authors: Shilin S. , Voitenko Z. , Nechai M.
Published: July 2020

This paper reports on the synthesis of new derivatives of ε-aminocaproic and γ-aminobutyric acid modified with a pyridin-2-yl substituent at the ω-position of the main chain.

The hemostatic activity of both ε-aminocaproic acid itself and its various synthetic analogues is widely known. Likewise, numerous γ-aminobutyric acid derivatives are strong neurotransmitters extensively used in the treatment of the nervous system disorders. No less popular are biologically active substances containing a pyridine or piperidine fragment; among which there are antibiotics, antimalarial, anti-sclerotic and antiallergic drugs, as well as anti-depressants and analgesics.

Therefore, the introduction of the pyridine fragment into the amino acid structures is interesting in terms of their potential biological activity investigation.

So, a method for the synthesis of 5-amino-5-(pyridin-2-yl)pentanoic and 6-amino-6-(pyridin-2-yl)hexanoic acid has been developed by us. The proposed scheme is based on the available reagents using. The key stage is the Schmidt rearrangement of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)cyclopentanone and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)cyclohexanone, previously synthesized from pyridine N-oxide and cycloalkenyl morpholinide. For synthesized pyridine substituted cycloalkanones according to NMR spectroscopy, the presence of keto-enol tautomerism was established.

As a result of Schmidt rearrangement, lactams (2-(pyridin-2-yl)piperidone and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)azepanone) are formed, and the last ones had been hydrolyzed in an acidic medium to open the lactam cycle. Thus, 5-amino-5-(pyridin-2-yl)pentanoic and 6-amino-6-(pyridin-2-yl)hexanoic acid were isolated as hydrochlorides and the hydrochlorides were converted to the zwitterion form using propylene oxide.

The first stage of the developed scheme (preparation of pyridylalkanones) occurs in rather low yields, about 35 %. But, after the rearrangement, hydrolysis and the formation of zwitterion do not cause difficulties and are characterized by high yields. Consequently, the proposed synthetic sequence is preparatively advantageous.
DIGITALIZATION OF REFERENCE AND INFORMATION FUNDS FOR CRIMINALISTIC AND FORENSIC EXPERTISE PURPOSES AS A PART OF THE DOCTRINE ON DIGITALIZATION OF CRIMINALISTIC REGISTRATION
Authors: Rossinskaya E. R.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the modern problems of digitalization criminalistic registration system. The author notes that the use of information and computer technologies in order to systematize and store relevant and potential criminalistic information, which together constitute a forensic registration system that began in the 80s of the twentieth century, is actively ongoing. Along with databases and AIPS, forensic records and reference information funds (CIF) for many objects are still in the form objects in kind. From the point of view to the theory of information and computer support of criminalistic activity and the doctrine of criminalistic registration, it is formulated that the subject of the doctrine of digitalization of the criminalistic registration system are the laws of formalization, structuring, unifi cation and algorithmizing the actual and potential forensic information, on the basis of which technologies are being developed for transferring forms of storing this information to digital databases criminalistic and forensic assignment. The objects of this doctrine are criminalistic records and reference and information funds (CIF) in the process of their digitalization. The advantages of CIFs in the form of digital databases are demonstrated. Based on the doctrine of the digitalization of the criminalistic registration system, the author analyzes the possibility of digitalization of legitimate natural collections. It is proved that digital bases for ensuring the evidence-based signifi cance of the results of their use should have regulatory fi xation in technical regulations, as well as expert research methods. The connection between the digitalization of criminalistic and forensic expert activity, where the connecting links are digital traces and CIF, is indicated.
PROBLEMS OF FORENSIC PHONOSCOPIC EXAMINATION IN THE LIGHT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Lebedeva A. K.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with some problems related to the production of forensic speech and audio analysis, taking into account global digitalization of all spheres of human life. Voicechanger, technology of voice synthesis signifi cantly complicate forensic phonoscopic examinations and put before the forensic experts a new, interesting challenges. We consider the algorithm for changing the voice using modern software, as well as features of voice synthesis technologies. Some variants of studying such phonograms are proposed.
EMERGENCE OF NEW GENERA AND TYPES OF FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY
Authors: Neretina N. S.
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the history of forensic examinations, their occurrence and development. The process of the origin of various genera and types of examinations from the end of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-fi rst century is traced. Using the example of environmental, art history, gemological and molecular genetic expertise, we examine the history of appeals to knowledgeable individuals for the purpose of administering justice, and also examine the sources that regulate forensic examinations of various genera and species both in Russia and abroad.Examples of appeals of investigators and judges to famous scientists to produce examinations of various genera and species are given.
ACTUAL PROBLEMS THE APPOINTMENT AND PRODUCTION OF JUDICIAL FINANCIAL AND CREDIT EXPERTISE
Authors: Savitskiy A. A.
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the types of special knowledge used in the investigation of crimes related to illegal credit, malicious evasion of repayment of accounts payable, illegal banking activities. The author defi nes the place of judicial fi nancial and credit expertise in the General classifi cation of judicial examinations, off ers a unifi ed classifi cation of judicial fi nancial and credit examinations, and considers typical and special objects of research of judicial fi nancial and credit examinations. The requirements for research in the fi eld of credit are systematized. The analysis of judicial practice is carried out.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF EXPERT DIAGNOSTICS OF THE AUTHOR’S CONCEPTUAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Sokolova T. P.
Published: July 2020

Within the school of forensic expertology, in the context of modern challenges of digitalization, the current problems of forensic and expert diagnostics are considered to establish the conceptual characteristics of the author of a speech product posted on the Internet, which has become a criminal environment. Based on the analysis of a number of provisions of traditional methods of author’s research of written speech (determining gender, age, profession, level of education, level of speech culture, native language of the author of an anonymous text), their inapplicability is revealed in the expert diagnosis of a modern language personality, which manifests itself mainly in a virtual environment. The author substantiates the need to develop a modern methodology for determining the conceptual characteristics of an anonymous author of a speech product within the competence of a speech expert based on the analysis of the corpus of modern web communication texts.
Three-dimensional acoustic emission source localisation in concrete based on sparse least-squares support vector regression
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Lijun , Wang Na , Gu Jie , Wang Zhaozhu
Published: July 2020

In order to improve the accuracy of concrete damage localisation based on acoustic emission (AE) monitoring, a multi-output sparse least-squares support vector regression (S-LS-SVR) method is attempted for AE source localisation in concrete. The AE events are produced by pencil lead
breaks and the response wave is received by piezoelectric sensors. A Newton iterative method, an improved exhaustive method and two S-LS-SVR approaches (S-LS-SVR(A) and S-LS-SVR(B)) are used to locate the AE source, then the positioning accuracies of the methods in the three coordinate directions
are compared and analysed. The results show that the accuracy of AE source localisation using the S-LS-SVR(B) model is higher than that of the other methods. The accuracy of the S-LS-SVR model using the time difference of arrival (TDOA) and the sequential number of sensors that arrive successively
as input parameters is higher than that of the other AE signal combination trialled as the input. This shows that the S-LS-SVR(B) model is better than the S-LS-SVR(A) model. The intelligent S-LS-SVR(B)-based localisation method provides a basis for application in actual damage detection.
A comparative study of efficacy, safety and compliance of oral iron versus intravenous iron sucrose in treatment of iron deficiency anaemia of pregnancy
Authors: Thobbi Vidya A. , Bijapur Zeba Naz M.
Published: July 2020

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia and nutritional disorder worldwide. Oral iron therapy and blood transfusion has many drawbacks like noncompliance and risk of transmittable infections and transfusion reaction. The modern alternative therapy is treatment with intravenous iron. Present study compares the efficacy, safety and tolerability between intravenous iron sucrose and oral iron in iron deficiency anemia during 20-36 weeks of pregnancy.Methods: It was a randomized controlled study between December 2017 to September 2019. 200 patients attending antenatal OPD in Al Ameen Medical College, with haemoglobin levels between 7-9.9 gm/dl and serum ferritin of <15 ng/ml were enrolled. In intravenous group, 200 mg iron sucrose in 100ml normal saline was infused alternate day till the required dose was met. The oral group received 200 mg of oral iron ascorbate along with folic acid 1.5 mg per day for 6 weeks.  Treatment efficacy was assessed by Hb and serum ferritin after 3 and 6 weeks.Results: Out of 200 patients, an increase in Hb was observed in both groups, rising from 9.7 g/dl to 10.3 g/dl and 10.9 g/dl after 3 weeks and 6 weeks respectively in oral group and from 8.6 g/dl to 9.8 g/dl and 10.8 g/dl after 3 weeks and 6 weeks respectively in intravenous group. Similar results were seen in ferritin levels. Rise in Hb and ferritin levels were greater in intravenous group than in oral group.Conclusions: Intravenous iron sucrose appears to be a better treatment option in comparison with oral iron, without serious side effects, better compliance and improved efficacy in correction of anaemia of pregnancy.
Traumatic avulsion of the eyeball: a case report
Authors: Das Anamika D. , Juneja Stuti V. , Ganvit Shankar S.
Published: July 2020

Ocular trauma is very common, but globe avulsion along with optic nerve avulsion is a rare clinical event. Blunt trauma during a road traffic accident can cause rupture or avulsion of the globe and the outcome can range from complete recovery on repositioning to visual loss because of globe perforation or optic nerve injury. Here, authors report a case of a 20-year-old male who presented with history of a road traffic accident causing severe facial injuries. The physical examination revealed oedema and ecchymoses over the right side of the face with avulsion of the right eyeball anteriorly outside the orbit along with avulsion of the optic nerve. The visual acuity in the injured eye was no perception of light and the direct pupillary response was absent. Computed tomography revealed fracture of the roof and lateral wall of the right orbit. As the eye was not salvageable, enucleation surgery was done. Insertion of an ocular prosthesis for rehabilitation was planned. The presentation, investigations, surgery and follow-ups are described.
Radiographic imaging of mastoid in chronic otitis media: need or tradition?
Authors: Beig Sabeeh , Khalid Saifullah , Sharma Satish Chandra
Published: July 2020

Background: Computed tomography is the imaging of choice in chronic otitis media (COM) but it is neither available at every centre nor is affordable to masses of economically weaker countries. In this situation where only X-ray facility is available should plain radiographs of mastoid be done ?. If yes then what is the analytical evidence? This study, was conducted to find the utility of plain radiographs of mastoid by comparing radiological findings vis-a-vis operative findings.

Methods: Pre-operative radiographs of mastoids (Schuller’s view (s/v)) were taken and the radiological findings were statistically analysed with the operative findings.  

Results: Plain radiograph of mastoid (s/v) predicted some of the surgical landmarks of mastoid surgery viz tegmen and sinus plates with a fair degree of accuracy. The positive predictive value (PPV) for radiolucent shadow (assumed to indicate bone destruction and thus cholesteatoma) was also high but at the same time, a low negative predictive value and a Cohen’s kappa test showing only a fair agreement underscores the point that absence of a radiolucent shadow does not rule out the presence of cholesteatoma.

Conclusions: Radiographs of mastoid are helpful in providing a prior knowledge of the surgical landmarks in mastoid surgery. Hence with this information, if a surgeon finds himself more at ease in operating a patient then this imaging should be done when CT scan facility is unavailable. However, citing the limited information on other aspects of the disease, its use as a ‘routine’ investigation in chronic otitis media is discouraged.

 
Interculturalidad en el aula AICLE a través de los álbumes ilustrados sobre migrantes
Authors: Guadamillas-Gómez María Victoria
Published: July 2020

Algunos autores prestan atención a la importancia que la escuela debe asumir en la búsqueda de soluciones para la generación de actitudes de respeto, tolerancia o empatía hacia contextos, situaciones o prácticas sociales y culturales diversas (Noguera, 2019). Del mismo modo, la normativa europea en materia de educación establece el multilingüismo, la alfabetización o la conciencia intercultural como competencias clave y transversales a todos niveles de la educación. Así pues, este trabajo pretende poner en valor el álbum ilustrado sobre migrantes en el contexto de la educación infantil, analizando cuatro textos que tratan el tema de los migrantes en torno a su potencial lingüístico y su carácter intercultural. En primer lugar, realizamos una aproximación teórica y normativa al contexto de educación infantil y a los materiales que, como el álbum, cumplen una función destacada en entornos multilingües. Posteriormente, destacamos el potencial lingüístico de cada uno de estos álbumes desde el punto de vista de los recursos sonoros, el léxico y las estructuras significativas en L2. A continuación, presentamos actividades de identificación o comprensión intercultural en torno a los procesos cognitivos propios de la metodología AICLE y basadas en estos materiales. Por último, realizamos una reflexión sobre lo que este trabajo aporta al contexto educativo multilingüe.
La interpretación literaria como diálogo entre posiciones
Authors: Álvarez-Bernárdez Paula-Reyes , Monereo Carles
Published: July 2020

La interpretación de una lectura es un acto dialógico, un espacio de encuentro de diferentes voces que confluyen en la mente del lector. Entre esas voces, se encuentran las que el lector reconoce en la propia obra —personajes, narrador, autor— así como aquellas voces que invoca y cuya procedencia reside en experiencias y conocimientos anteriores, por ejemplo: voces propias, voces de personas cercanas, voces de otros autores y personajes, etc. Todas ellas, modelan los pensamientos y decisiones del lector, y lo orientan en su interpretación y comprensión de la obra. Pero esas voces no siempre conviven en armonía, sino que pueden aparecer en conflicto, enfrentadas, contrapuestas. Es en esa dinámica dialógica donde cobran especial relevancia las voces más centrales que integran a otras, pues de ellas dependerá la interpretación final del lector. El estudio que presentamos pretende ofrecer una explicación integral y comprensiva del proceso de interpretación literaria a partir de la revisión de la Perspectiva Dialógica de Mijaíl Bajtín y de la Teoría del Yo Dialógico de Huber Hermans. Ambas definen al buen lector como un agente consciente y activo cuando afronta una actividad lectora compleja, como es la literaria.
Examining Our Past Relationship with Climate to Understand Climate’s Current Importance: An Exploration of Climate Change During the Little Ice Age
Authors: Cook Sara E
Published: July 2020

From the years 1300 until the 1850’s people living in Western Europe battled a terrifying and seemingly insurmountable foe, the Little Ice Age. Examining how people of this time not only survived but thrived during an era of cataclysmic climate change can offer us positive perspectives and productive mechanisms going forward in our own battle with climate in modern times. Explored are massive famines and epidemic disease, volcanic eruptions and their after-effects, specific historical events such as the Black Plague and the Irish Potato famine and how all of these devastating events overlap to create a vivid picture of human fortitude. This article uncovers the tools and ingenuity Western Europeans employed to overcome a rapidly changing climate and how those tools are properly utilized to battle devastating climatic events. In exploring both scientific theory, including   anthropological works such as Anthony Wallace’s Revitalization Movement, and the modern church’s position on climate change, this article hopes to address the current circumstance of global climate change and provide a potential way forward for modern humans in light of scientific reason and theological discussion about our unavoidable role in the environment.
Theorizing Pentecostal Experiences Among Church of God (Cleveland, TN) Adolescents
Authors: Fraley Christopher D
Published: July 2020

This article describes and theorizes the liturgical contexts in which adolescents have Pentecostal experiences such as “speaking in tongues” and being “slain in the Spirit.” It is based on ethnographic research done at a Pentecostal church affiliated with the Church of God (Cleveland, TN).  I begin by offering a snapshot of modern Pentecostalism in order to demonstrate the framework that informed the context of the current study. Then I describe six factors of the liturgy that facilitate Pentecostal experience in adolescents: the language of encounter with God, the use of music to build emotional intensity, the prominent role of the body, the participatory nature of worship, the call for salvation, and the alter call as culmination of the liturgy.  My analysis reveals that adolescents are more likely to have positive experiences if they have been educated in a Christian environment, had a prayer partner, have experienced a sense of distance from God, have accepted a biblicist approach to Scripture, and have a common bodily experience. I argue that Pentecostal experiences are ultimately beneficial and that a thorough analysis of their underlying factors is essential towards the construction of healthier forms of religious experience.
Social Transactions or Christian Ministry?: International and Customary Adoption in Vanuatu
Authors: Nehrbass Kenneth , Nehrbass Daniel
Published: July 2020

The recent surge of Western interest in international adoption has arrived in the South Pacific. Yet the Christian faith, despite disparate views about adoption, has required both expatriate and Melanesian families to consider, or sometimes reconsider, their own parameters for the adoption or placement of children.   Orphan care has become a top social issue especially for Christians in recent decades. However, international adoptions are costly in terms of time and money, and are often at the nexus of these diverging values and conceptualizations. All parties involved can find the process frustrating and disillusioning, even if the end goal is noble and satisfying. In fact, adoption “as a norm” in Vanuatu can positively shape western understandings of adoption. In some ways, ni-Vanuatu conventions regarding jural inclusivity and exchange are closer to biblical ideas of family, kinning, and adoption. This article should familiarize people from “receiving countries” with customary adoption in the Pacific, and should help Melanesians understand the hurdles involved in international adoption. Hopefully, a path can be forged for international adoptions to be arranged such that the best interest of all parties is served.
Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Drugs Used to Control COVID-19 and their Effects on the Renin-Angiotensin System and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2
Authors: Gilzad-Kohan Hamed , Jamali Fakhreddin
Published: July 2020

Covid-19 infection is associated with systemic inflammation, as do other infections. COVID-19 in some patients is associated with hyperinflammatory responses, which might lead to a cytokine storm. This phenomenon plays a major role in COVID-19 severity and death, and usually associated with poor disease prognosis. Higher levels of inflammatory hallmarks including C-reactive protein, ferritin, D-dimers, and cytokines such as L-6, IL-10, and TNF-α has been observed in severe cases of the disease. Many anti-viral drugs have been tried to eradicate the virus, none were proven fully effective. Supportive care and management of the complications that are caused mainly by inflammation might be the key element for greater survival rates and shorter periods of mechanical ventilation and overall hospitalization. However, the efficacy of these treatments still needs well-planned clinical trials. In such trials, careful attention must be paid to the duration of the treatment, the onset of beneficial effects, and the severity of the disease, otherwise, the outcomes may still remain inconclusive. Herein, we present a review of the current drugs, which are being used in the management of the disease and their anti-inflammatory properties. We also investigated if these drugs directly interact with ACE 2, which is a crucial component of the virus entry to the cells.
An Iterative Lifting Scheme on DCT Coefficients for Image Coding
Authors: Sowmithri K.
Published: July 2020

Image coding is considered to be more effective, as it reduces number of bits required to store and/or to transmit image data. Transform based image coders play a significant role as they decorrelate the spatial low level information. It is found utilization in International compression standards such as JPEG, JPEG 2000, MPEG and H264. The choice of transform is an important issue in all these transforms coding schemes. Most of the literature suggests either Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) or Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). In this proposed work, the energy preservation of DCT coefficients is analysed, and to down sample these coefficients, lifting scheme is iteratively applied so as to compensate the artifacts that appear in the reconstructed picture, and to yield the higher compression ratio. This is followed by scalar quantization and entropy coding, as in JPEG. The performance of the proposed iterative lifting scheme, employed on decorrelated DCT coefficients is measured with standard Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and the results are encouraging.
AGRO SENSORS
Authors: Barathi M.R Suja
Published: July 2020

Soil nutrient is detected by the use of ISFETs and the corresponding current is obtained from it according to the variation in concentration of the nutrient in soil and their pH. The use of metal oxide coated semiconductors for gas detection is high nowadays. The Ion sensitive field effect transistor has the electrode. This on reaction with the analyst changes its resistance value and corresponding signals are generated and the transducer unit in the sensor gives the varying current output. This could be then processed that is converted to voltage, amplified and then given to a window detector where in the voltage obtained from the sensor could be tested for it be in between two reference voltage levels and these reference voltage levels represent the level of nutrients in the soil either it is deficient, in surplus or in sufficient amounts. This could be used to make the LEDs glow. It proves to be an easy way of observing the soil nutrient content even by an illiterate. The checking of soil nutrient content could be automated and made periodic by the use of microcontroller, the feedback mechanism involving the soil’s nutrient content value as the common input and the ideal or required value as the reference input.
Artificial Neural Network Based Smell Simulator for Visualization
Authors: Patcha R. Shifana
Published: July 2020

The continued progress towards higher resolution screen Is a tr experience on the screen and Scentthat’s can be the powerful ashame simulator of memory and emotions. The idea of Smell Simulator for Visualization can make it possible. Smell-O-Vision was a system that released odor during the projection of a film so that the viewer could smell what was happening in the movie. A typical Smell synthesizer is essentially a box of various scented oils with some kind of spreading mechanism, like a fan. The box receives a signal from, for example a video game which tells to release an apple scent. Like in laser printer, this produces all the colours from the three basic colours (Red, Blue and Green). So, if single apple- scented oil isn’t avail would mix to create something close to that desired apple scent. Currently the smell-O-vision system can produce only one smell at a time and that too with increased delay and noise. We have aimed to produce our smell simulator using neural networks so that delay problem can be minimized. Smell Simulator for Visualization can become prevalent in consumer homes, and we can even literally stop and smell the roses in the game we play and shows we watch.