bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chest pain caused by pneumomediastinum as the first symptom of sigmoid perforation – case report
Authors: Khuat Dawid , Julkowska Adrianna , Chamarczuk Filip , Flont Agata , Horbacka Karolina
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms with which patients report to the doctor. The reason for this is the fear of the sick, who often equate this symptom with dangerous diseases such as heart attack. The primary source of pain does not always have to be located within the chest. Colon perforation is a rare but possible complication of colonoscopy, which may result in free gas entering the mediastinum which is accompanied by chest pain. Case report: We present the case of a 78-year-old woman who reported to the hospital emergency department with chest pain, shortness of breath and abdominal pain. On the basis of imaging examinations, perforation of sigmoid affected by diverticulosis, complicated by pneumomediastinum and retroperitoneal emphysema, was suspected. The aforementioned ailments were caused by iatrogenic perforation of the sigmoid during diagnostic colonoscopy performed on an outpatient basis a few hours before reporting to the hospital. The patient was urgently qualified for laparotomy. Intraoperatively, perforation was confirmed at the rectosigmoid junction, which was the cause of retroperitoneal and pneumomediastinum with rightsided emphysema of the lateral neck region. No fluid or intestinal contents were found in the abdomen. The sigmoid colon and upper rectum were resected via double-stapled anastomosis performed between the descending colon and rectum. The patient was discharged home in good condition on the 7th postoperative day. Conclusions: Colonoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that is considered relatively safe, but also carries complications such as bleeding or perforation of the large intestine. Diverticular disease is a common condition which most often affects the sigmoid colon. In areas of the weakest resistance, diverticulum formation occurs as a result of increased intra-abdominal pressure, which is an additional risk factor for perforation during colonoscopy. It is important to remember the possible different clinical presentation of gastrointestinal perforation, which may also manifest as chest pain. With early detection and surgical treatment, life-threatening complications associated with the development of pneumothorax can be avoided.
"LITTLE MOMENTS" PERANCANGAN KAMPANYE QUALITY TIME BAGI IBU BERKARIER
Authors: Andini Tania
Published: February 2020

Gaya hidup di perkotaan yang serba cepat membuat tekanan dari pekerjaan menjadi semakin berat. Tuntutan peran ganda sebagai ibu dan sebagai pekerja mengakibatkan ibu berkarier menjadi golongan paling rentan terhadap stres dan berbagai penyakit yang bersumber dari stres â terutama bagi ibu berkarier yang tinggal di wilayah perkotaan. Rasa bersalah karena kurang menghabiskan waktu bersama keluarga dan mengurus anak dapat mengakibatkan stres bagi ibu berkarier. Kampanye dirancang bagi ibu berkarier untuk pengoptimalan quality time bersama keluarga sebagai salah satu cara mengurangi stres. Secara keseluruhan, kampanye ini akan terbagi menjadi 3 tahap, yaitu tahap conditioning, tahap informing, dan tahap reminding. Target audiens untuk kampanye ini adalah ibu berkarier rentang usia 28-40 tahun, SES AB, bekerja di kota besar, memiliki anak yang masih dalam rentang usia di bawah 12 tahun, aktif di media sosial dan memiliki banyak aktivitas di luar rumah. Kampanye ini dapat menggugah kesadaran ibu untuk membangun ikatan emosional yang lebih kuat dengan keluarganya, terutama dengan anak yang masih membutuhkan peran ibu, dengan cara-cara yang masih bisa dilakukan. Dengan demikian, maternal deprivation dapat dicegah bagi anak sekaligus mencegah stres bagi ibu berkarier.
Point-of-care Ultrasound Diagnosis of Bilateral Patellar Tendon Rupture
Authors: Ogle Kathleen , Mandoorah Sohaib , Fellin Matthew , Shokoohi Hamid , Probasco William , Boniface Keith
Published: February 2020

Musculoskeletal complaints are one cornerstone of urgent issues for which orthopedic and emergency physicians provide care. Ultrasound can be a useful diagnostic tool to help identify musculoskeletal injuries. We describe a case of bilateral patellar tendon rupture that presented after minor trauma, and had the diagnosis confirmed at the bedside by point-of-care ultrasound.Physicians caring for patients with orthopedic injuries should be familiar with the use of ultrasound to diagnose tendon ruptures.
Removal of an Impaled Intraocular Hair Comb Following Self-inflicted Trauma
Authors: Markovitz Michele , Hamburger Jordan , Fromm Brian , Carr Brendan , Zhang Xiao
Published: February 2020

Ocular trauma is one of the most common and vision-threatening ophthalmic presentations with a wide spectrum of complications, such as bleeding, infection, vision loss, and enucleation. A 64-year-old-male presented to the emergency department (ED) with a self-inflicted orbital penetrating injury with a hair comb. Computed tomography showed the comb traversed the medial orbit inferior to the medial rectus but did not damage the optic nerve; there were no globe or orbital wall fractures. His ocular exam was significant for a right eye afferent pupillary defect and decreased visual acuity 20/800, consistent with optic neuropathy. Primary concerns were stabilizing and removing the foreign body without causing further damage in the setting of an uncooperative patient. The comb was removed with the aid of local and systemic analgesia using gentle traction and normal saline irrigation. The patient was admitted for systemic and topical antibiotics and showed improvement in visual acuity and resolution of his optic neuropathy. This case illustrates the importance of rapid ED assessment and management of complex penetrating ocular trauma. Examination should specifically look for signs of globe rupture and optic nerve injury. Expedited foreign body removal should be managed together with an ophthalmologist with procedural sedation and broad-spectrum antibiotics to avoid further visual and infectious complications.
Bisphosphonate-related Femoral Shaft Fracture
Authors: Kellar Jesse , Givertz Alan , Mathias Jessica , Cohen Jessica
Published: February 2020

The efficacy of using bisphosphonate therapy to treat osteoporotic patients is becoming more widely known, but the potential side effects may not be. While this class of drugs is generally safe, concerns have emerged regarding risks of atypical subtrochanteric fractures associated with long-term use. There have been a number of case reports discussing the association of patients on bisphosphonates who suffer a non-traumatic or a low-energy mechanism of injury atypical of subtrochanteric fractures. The purpose of this case report is to raise awareness of this potential side effect and provide increased clinical suspicion for this rare type of fracture.
Stroke Mimic: A Case of Unilateral Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis
Authors: Lajeunesse Michael , Young Scott
Published: February 2020

Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (THPP) is a condition that results in transient skeletal muscle paralysis secondary to intracellular potassium sequestration. Susceptible individuals often have an underlying channelopathy, which may be exacerbated by lifestyle factors or underlying medical comorbidities such as hyperthyroidism or diarrheal illness. Classically, THPP presents with paralysis of proximal extremity musculature. In this case, we present a rare case of unilateral THPP. Such a presentation is relevant to emergency physicians as it mimics a stroke or transient ischemic attack and should be considered on the differential for unilateral neurologic deficits.
Beware of Reversal of an Anticoagulated Patient with Factor IX in the Emergency Department: Case Report of a Medical-Legal Misadventure
Authors: Gannon Steven , Bell David , Jackmiczyk Kenneth , Moore Gregory
Published: February 2020

In this article we present a case of a patient who received reversal of anticoagulation therapy with factor IX in violation of hospital guidelines. As a direct result, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke occurred, leaving the patient neurologically debilitated. Factor IX is indicated in the setting of warfarin-induced, life-threatening bleeding. The patient’s care was provided by an intern with attending physician supervision. Delayed charting and questionable shared decision-making were present in the care. We discuss usage of factor IX, liability for supervision of physicians in training, and factors that can lead to plaintiff awards.
Revision of the Eurybrachidae (XV). The Oriental genus Purusha Distant, 1906 with two new species and a key to the genera of Eurybrachini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Eurybrachidae)
Authors: Constant Jérôme
Published: February 2020

The Oriental genus of Eurybrachidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha) Purusha Distant, 1906 is reviewed and a key to the genera of Eurybrachini is given. Two new species, P. bellissima sp. nov. and P. vietnamica sp. nov. are described from Myanmar and North Vietnam, respectively. Purusha rubromaculata Distant, 1906 is proposed as a junior synonym of P. reversa (Hope, 1843). All species are illustrated, including all type specimens and the male genitalia for the first time. Distribution maps, identification key to species and biological data are provided. The sexual dimorphism in the genus is discussed. Five species are currently placed in Purusha.
The Relationship between Sleep Habits and Mental Health in Iranian Elementary School Children
Authors: Shamsaei Farshid , Daraei Mohammad Mahdi , Aahmadinia Hassan , khalili Arash , Seif Marzieh
Published: February 2020

Objectives Sleep is one of the basic elements which affects the growth and development and mental health of the child. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep habits and mental health in elementary school children in Nahavand/Iran.

Methods In this correlation study, 240 children aged 6-11 years old were selected by cluster random sampling from schools of Nahavand city in Iran, 2017. Data were collected through questionnaires included demographic information, children’s sleep habits (CSHQ) and children sickness indications (CSI-4). Questionnaires were completed by one of parents as self-report. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis.

Results Based on results, Trouble in sleeping was reported by 36% and mental health disorders by 24.5% of elementary schools children. The regression analysis showed sleep habits had significant associations with the mental health score. In other words, improper sleep habits were associated with higher scores of illness symptoms of mental health that are indicative of poor mental health.

Discussion Sleep disorder is one of the problems of elementary schools children, which related to their mental health. Sleep health training for parents and trainers in schools can help to improve the mental health of children by reforming proper sleep habits.
Pragmatic Validation of Home Portable Sleep Monitor for diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a non-referred population: The ELSA-Brasil study
Authors: Aielo Aline N. , Santos Ronaldo B. , Silva Wagner A. , Parise Barbara K. , Souza Silvana P. , Cunha Lorenna F. , Giatti Soraya , Lotufo Paulo A. , Bensenor Isabela M. , Drager Luciano F.
Published: February 2020

Objective Polygraphy (PG) is an attractive alternative for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with high pre-test probability. However, several patients may not present typical symptoms. In this scenario, it is unclear the performance of PG for diagnosing OSA in non-referred populations to sleep laboratories.

Methods Data from participants of the ELSA-Brasil cohort were used for this analysis. We performed an overnight home PG (Embletta GoldTM) synchronized with a wrist actigraphy (Actiwatch model 2TM). The validation strategy comprised three scorings from each participant: 1) Original scoring (PG): Routine scoring using data from the exclamation button mark to define “analysis start” and “analysis stop”; 2) Scoring using actigraphy data (PG+actigraphy): total sleep time defined by the actigraphy data; 3) Scoring using diaries (PG+diary): “analysis start” and “analysis stop” based on the diaries. Bland-Altman plots were generated to assess the agreements (Kappa) between each scoring strategy.

Results A total of 300 participants were included in the final analysis (45% males, mean age: 48±8 years). The frequency of OSA using the PG score was 27.3%. Despite small differences in the OSA severity index, we obtained a high concordance of AHI comparing the PG vs. PG+actigraphy (Kappa: 0.95) as well as PG+diary vs. PG+actigraphy (Kappa: 0.96). No significant changes in the OSA classification (mild, moderate and severe) were observed in the 3 protocols.

Conclusion Using a pragmatic approach to address OSA at home, our results suggest that PG is a useful tool for OSA diagnosis even in subjects not referred to sleep studies.
Hunger hormone and sleep responses to the built-in blue-light filter on an electronic device: a pilot study
Authors: Driller Matthew William , Jacobson Gregory , Uiga Liis
Published: February 2020

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of the blue-light filtering 'Night Shift' function on the Apple iPad at night and leptin production, perceived hunger levels and markers of sleep quality and quantity in healthy young adults. In a randomised, crossover design, 13 young adults (6 male/7 female) performed three experimental trials. Two of the interventions included one hour of night-time electronic device use; reading on an iPad ~30 cm from eyes, either with (iPad+NS) or without (iPad) the 'Night Shift' blue-light filtering feature turned on. The control trial involved reading a hard-copy book for one hour (CON). Leptin and perceived hunger and tiredness levels were assessed at various time points for the three experimental conditions. Objective sleep indices (actigraphy) and subjective ratings of sleep were recorded. There were no significant interactions for any of the measured variables (p > 0.05). Small to moderate effect sizes were found for perceived sleep quality, with CON (7.3 ± 1.7) having the highest value when compared to iPad+NS (6.6 ± 1.8, d = 0.29) and iPad (5.6 ± 2.3, d = 0.66). Moderate effects were associated with iPad+NS when compared to iPad (d = 0.77) and for iPad compared to CON (d = 0.90) for pre-post change in leptin concentration. Use of electronic devices at night may result in moderate suppression of leptin levels and impaired sleep quality, with negligible differences associated with whether or not the 'Night Shift' feature is turned on.
Knowledge of parents/caregivers about bruxism in children treated at the pediatric dentistry clinic
Authors: Alves Chirlene Lemos , Fagundes Daniela Malagoni , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira , Ferreira Meire Coelho
Published: February 2020

Objective To evaluate the knowledge on bruxism among parents/caregivers of children treated at the pediatric dentistry clinic.

Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 103 parents/caregivers that filled out a questionnaire based on the criteria of the American Association of Sleep Medicine during the dental care offered to their children. The questionnaire addressed demographic issues of the child and caregiver, issues related to child's sleep characteristics (duration, quality and whether he/she sleeps alone) and questions about bruxism (knowledge of the parafunctional habit, bruxism in the caregiver and the child, search for treatment, causes and consequences of bruxism, and whether the caregivers wanted more information on the subject). Pearson's χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were performed (α = 5%).

Results Sixty-seven percent reported knowing what bruxism is and 52.4% correctly described the parafunctional habit. Regarding the cause, 74.8% were unable to say and 16.5% associated the habit to an emotional factor. The prevalence of bruxism was 25.2% and 16.5% in the children and caregivers, respectively. Among the caregivers of children with bruxism, only 2.9% had sought some type of help. Child's sex, child's sleep and the search for help were significantly associated with bruxism (p = 0.034, 0.013 and < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion The knowledge among caregivers about bruxism is still insufficient, especially with regard to the etiology of the parafunctional habit. The lack of knowledge impedes caregivers from seeking help, and thus contributes to the worsening consequences of bruxism in adulthood.
Acceso a medicación de alto costo en Uruguay
Authors: Manikowski Rosana
Published: February 2020

La aparición en el mercado de fármacos de alto costoyel creciente número de indicaciones médicas de fármacos no contemplados en las prestacionessanitarias, han determinadoun creciente número de acciones de amparo a nivel judicial. La judicialización de la medicina aumenta el trabajo judicial, el trabajo pericialylleva a unaderivación de recursos económicos de por sí limitados.

The appearance of high-cost drugs on the market and the growing number of medical indications for drugs not included in health services have led to an increasing number of judicial protection actions.The judicialization of medicine increases judicial work, expert work and leads to a derivation of limited financial resources.
Vulnerabilidad, reconocimiento mutuo y ética ambiental
Authors: Aparicio Payá Manuel
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo exploramos la relevancia que, para la ética discursiva, posee la categoría de reconocimiento mutuo en el ámbito de una ética del medioambiente. Partimos de la intrínseca vulnerabilidad que caracteriza a los seres humanos, agravada en la era del Antropoceno por la vulnerabilidad ecológica, consecuencia de los daños medioambientales provocados por la acción humana. Después de una breve presentación de la noción de reconocimiento recíproco propuesta por este enfoque ético (Apel, Habermas, Cortina), analizamos la conexión de esta noción con los principios de no maleficencia y de responsabilidad de la ética medioambiental.

In this work we explore the relevance that, for discursive ethics, has the category of mutual recognition in the field of environmental ethics. We start from the intrinsic vulnerability that characterizes human beings, aggravated in the era of the Anthropocene by the ecological vulnerability, consequence of environmental damages caused by human action. After a brief presentation of the notion of reciprocal recognition proposed by this ethical approach (Apel, Habermas, Cortina), we analyze the connection of this notion with the principles of non-maleficence and responsibility of environmental ethics
El derecho a la autonomía de los pacientes en los cuidados intensivos neonatales de la Región de Murcia
Authors: Rodríguez Rabadán Mª Dolores
Published: February 2020

Las prácticas sanitarias realizadas en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) se caracterizan por realizarse frecuentemente en situaciones de urgencia vital con pacientes que no pueden decidir por sí mismos. Estas peculiaridades propician que los profesionales sanitarios no identifiquen el derecho del paciente a su autonomía en numerosas ocasiones. Al mismo tiempo, la regulación de este derecho mediante la ley básica 41/2002 y su consecuente desarrollo legislativo, proporciona una terminología variada y heterogénea. Desde la perspectiva de los cuidados, se analiza en la legislación las figuras del médico responsabley el enfermero responsable, haciendo una lectura crítica y minuciosa de la regulación tanto de la información como el consentimiento informado en las UCINs en la Región de Murcia.

Health practices carried out in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) are characterised by the fact that they are frequently carried out in vital emergency situations with patients who cannot decide for themselves. These peculiarities lead health professionals not to identify the patient's right to autonomy on numerous occasions. At the same time, the regulation of this right by means of basic law 41/2002 and its consequent legislative development, provides a varied and heterogeneous terminology. From the perspective of care, the figures of the responsible doctor and the responsible nurse are analysed in legislation, making a critical and detailed reading of the regulation of both information and informed consent in NICUs in the Region of Murcia.
Vida social en el reino de Granada a través de sus arabismos (1491-1621): «(al)guadoc», «azalá», «leila», «macaber»
Authors: González Sopeña Inmaculada
Published: February 2020

Este estudio se centra en el análisis histórico de cuatro arabismos característicos del reino de Granada desde finales del siglo XV hasta principios del siglo XVII: (al)guadoc, azalá, leila y macaber. Para ello, partimos de un corpus de estudio compuesto por documentos municipales y administrativos geográficamente vinculados al antiguo reino. El volumen de léxico de origen árabe que parte de dicha región durante al menos un siglo tras su reconquista, se presenta claramente diferenciado del de otras zonas peninsulares. Las razones que motivan el mantenimiento e introducción de este léxico se encuentran en el traspaso de ciertas instituciones administrativas nazaríes al nuevo orden cristiano y en la presencia de población morisca hasta el siglo XVII.
En torno al antihiatismo hispanohablante: norma gramatical frente a precepto literario, habla culta y estándar
Authors: Alcoholado Feltstrom Antonio
Published: February 2020

La descripción y valoración de la resolución de hiato mediante sinéresis y sinalefa en lengua española por parte de la autoridad normativa resulta en un paradójico conflicto entre gramática y precepto literario, así como afirmaciones geográficas y una restricción según registros y estratos que no parece corresponderse con la realidad oral. Este trabajo analiza el estado de la cuestión y argumenta la necesidad de reconsiderar el juicio normativo actual sobre el antihiatismo.
Estructura rítmica y motivación de algunos juegos verbales con rimas en el español de México
Authors: Franco Trujillo Erik Daniel
Published: February 2020

En este trabajo presento un primer acercamiento a la descripción de 186 juegos verbales con rimas que he podido documentar en el español mexicano. Tras caracterizar la noción de juego verbal, señalo la pertinencia de considerar estas prácticas discursivas desde su dimensión como actos de habla. Posteriormente, realizo un análisis centrado en determinar el número de sílabas, el patrón rítmico y la motivación de estos juegos verbales con el objetivo de ofrecer algunas generalidades sobre su comportamiento lingüísticos.  

This paper presents the description of 186 rhyming cases of word play in Mexican Spanish. After adequately characterizing the notion of word play, I point out the relevance of considering these discursive practices from their dimension as speech acts. Subsequently, I offer a descriptive analysis that determines the number of syllables, rhythmic pattern and motivation of these cases of rhyming word play, in order to offer some general aspects of their linguistic behavior.
Container port expansion towards the sea in the context of maritime spatial planning
Authors: Krośnicka Karolina A.
Published: February 2020

The growth in the size of ships causes, in particular, a significant increase in demand for port surfaces and for the depths of water areas needed to serve ships in the ports. Due to technological changes in the transshipment and storage systems, and, on the other hand, due to the continuing pressure of developing cities, ports have increasingly rarely the adequate space reserves for their activities, and so currently they move towards the sea with their activities. The paper discusses the reasons for the phenomenon of expansion of ports towards the sea and its effects on maritime spatial planning.
Wybrane aspekty transformacji funkcji i stopnia przenikalności granicy polsko-rosyjskiej = Selected aspects of the transformation in function, and permeability, of the Polish-Russian border
Authors: Studzińska Dominika
Published: February 2020

The Polish-Russian border is unique, and for many reasons. One of these relates to the role of Kaliningrad Oblast vis-à-vis Russia on the one hand, and the EU and NATO on the other, making it clear how strategically important he District is from the geopolitical point of view. A second wider issue of course concerns Russia’s position on the international stage. Unsurprisingly, the Polish-Russian border has been characterised by a significant dynamic where changes of function and permeability are concerned. Given that the border plays a role even at global level, transformations that have occurred relate to changes in EU/Poland-Russian relations, even if such top-down considerations neglect a further significance from the point of view of border residents who must struggle with issues of lack of access to a stable border. The aim of the work detailed in this paper was thus to identify the functions played by the Polish-Russian border across the whole 1990–2018 period, as well as the associated degree of permeability. And despite a relatively rich literature devoted to the border in question, it is possible to note relative neglect of the matter of how that border was created and shaped, as well as a real lack of analyses when it comes to variability in status post-2012. This gap in the Polish literature, in particular, is bridged in the present paper, whose author sought the answers to three key research questions. These related to whether, and to what extent, the Polish-Russian border actually represented a barrier; to the factors determining variability of function and permeability; and to the impact of any instability of functioning on the everyday lives of inhabitants in the Poland-Kaliningrad border region. Analysis of the material compiled makes it clear that the greatest impact on the role of the border in question is that exerted by individual decisions of central governments and the European Parliament. For the years 1990–2018 saw the border’s status change under the influence of, for example: the introduction of visa-free travel (1990–1997), the Act on Foreigners (1998–2003), Poland’s accession to the EU (2004–2007), Poland’s accession to the Schengen Area (2008–2011), the introduction of local border traffic (2012–2016), the Crimean crisis (from 2014) and suspension of local border traffic (from 2016). Additionally, the role of the border has been changed by the state of border infrastructure, procedures, the image of Russia, global trends relating to borders and relations nurtured by ruling political parties.
Czynniki rozwoju turystyki przygranicznej na rosyjsko-fińskim pograniczu = Factors underpinning the development of tourism in Russian-Finnish borderland areas
Authors: Stepanova Svetlana V.
Published: February 2020

In line with the observation that tourism is becoming a key element of economic development in border regions, the author describes an approach to a specific form characteristic of border regions alone, i.e. cross-border tourism and its role as a factor in the development of regional and local economies. Cross-border tourism gains presentation here in relation to the mobility of tourists (with differing purposes) between neighbouring border regions of the Russian Federation and Finland, with no account taken, however, of the development and functioning of the tourist system overall. The aim has thus been to seek to substantiate the importance of the development of cross-border tourism in the socio-economic development of the Russian-Finnish borderland. In its several parts, this article focuses first on theoretical and practical developments of Russian and foreign academic thinking as regards the development of cross-border tourism. A second part then reveals (and looks for structure among) factors influencing the nature and dynamics of cross-border tourism development in the Russian-Finnish borderland. The role of these factors in the phenomenon’s development is identified. Empirical data are then used in a third part identifying features and general trends, with the stimulation of cross-border tourism considered a direction of importance in the development of border regions either side of the state border under study. Given the positive effect of cross-border trade on the development of Finnish border regions, it would seem crucial that Finnish tourists should be attracted to the Russian border area. Finally, the significance of the development of cross-border tourism in the Russian-Finnish borderland is deliberated, where the area in question is taken to encompass Murmansk Oblast, the Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast in Russia, as well as Finnish Lapland, Northern Ostrobothnia, Kainuu, North Karelia, South Karelia and Kymenlaakso. Median indices are calculated. The outcomes of the research are regarded as of both academic and practical significance to the development of cross-border tourism, seen academically and from the point of view of both regional and municipal authorities and representatives of the tourist industry.
Successful Sweep Jamming Rate Determination of MPSK Modulated RCIED Activation Message Signals
Authors: Lebl Aleksandar , Mileusnić Mladen , Petrović Predrag , Pavić Branislav , Marinković-Nedelicki Verica
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the development of the method for accurate successful jamming rate calculation when MPSK modulated RCIED activation message is jammed using sweep signal. Opposite to classical methods of error modelling where it is taken that only one bit in a symbol may be altered, it is supposed in this paper that any number of bits in a symbol is the subject of eventual modification. The derived formulas are achieved for QPSK, 8PSK and 16PSK modulated signals jamming. The results calculated by these formulas are verified and obtained by our originally developed simulation method. The results of calculation and simulation agree very well and the maximum difference between calculated and simulated successful jamming rate for any of three analyzed jamming methods and any level ratio between activation message signal and jamming signal does not overcome 1.1%. It is proved that successful jamming rate tends to maximum value 0.5 when jamming signal power increases and that only 20% lower successful jamming rate value is obtained for less than 7dB higher jamming signal level than it is the level of RCIED activation signal. These results point out that it is not necessary to apply too high emission power to achieve acceptable jamming effect. As a consequence, jammer practical implementation is easier and its dimensions are smaller.
Software for Measuring Acoustic Parameters in Open-plan Offices
Authors: Stevanović Aleksandar , Bjelić Miloš , Miljković Tatjana , Mijić Miomir
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a development of software for the measurement and estimation of the quality of acoustic design in open-plan offices. The measurement method is defined by a standard and measurements should be performed in a large number of different spatial positions in order to measure and determine the acoustic quality of the surroundings of as many workstations as possible. The presented software significantly simplifies the process of analyzing open-plan offices by processing the signal at the time of measurement. Furthermore, it allows for the storing of measured signals and parameter values, which can be of importance for further analysis or repeated calculations. The presented procedure leads to the reduction of the necessary hardware elements for completing the analysis. All that is needed for measurement are a sound source, a microphone, a sound card and a computer. As a result, the user obtains a detailed report of the characteristics of the analyzed office space and a descriptive mark which depends on the values of the calculated parameters.
Multiparameter control modeling of electrical signal in a medium voltage network by Markov random approach
Authors: Nahum D. Kabeya , Kosso G.B. , Mbikayi C.T. , Amisini Sadiki , Mukeba L.Y. Kabeya
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the electrical signals coupled to the fields present in a medium voltage network are analyzed by the randomMarkov approach. This approach with the contribution of the “Yakam Matrix” is studied to establish the quantitative approximationsof the current I and the voltage V in non-steady state conditions in order to efficiently deduct the error percent between theexperimental and the simulated results. Also, the aim was to determine the functional constant with infinite duration through multivariablestabilization in commandability and controllability process. The development of the transition and observability matrices ofthe electrical signals behavior to establish the initialization’s system of Dirichlet is presented where the vector  by the hidden Markovapproach revealed to be almost stable. The multiparameter analysis in non-steady state conditions is conducted to show the maximumprobability of the injected signals. The comparison of the experimental results with the simulation is presented with a 4% errorobtained by using MATLAB. Since the function current I(t) remains in (0  I  20)A conditions in case of phase disconnection.However, the application of the Markov random approach in electrical networks control modeling still require further studies andclarifications.
The contribution of temporal coding to odor coding and odor perception in humans
Authors: Perl Ofer , Nahum Nahum , Belelovsky Katya , Haddad Rafi
Published: February 2020

Whether neurons encode information through their spike rates, their activity times or both is an ongoing debate in systems neuroscience. Here, we tested whether humans can discriminate between a pair of temporal odor mixtures (TOMs) composed of the same two components delivered in rapid succession in either one temporal order or its reverse. These TOMs presumably activate the same olfactory neurons but at different times and thus differ mainly in the time of neuron activation. We found that most participants could hardly discriminate between TOMs, although they easily discriminated between a TOM and one of its components. By contrast, participants succeeded in discriminating between the TOMs when they were notified of their successive nature in advance. We thus suggest that the time of glomerulus activation can be exploited to extract odor-related information, although it does not change the odor perception substantially, as should be expected from an odor code per se.
Analysis of zebrafish periderm enhancers facilitates identification of a regulatory variant near human KRT8/18
Authors: Liu Huan , Duncan Kaylia , Helverson Annika , Kumari Priyanka , Mumm Camille , Xiao Yao , Carlson Jenna Colavincenzo , Darbellay Fabrice , Visel Axel , Leslie Elizabeth , Breheny Patrick , Erives Albert J , Cornell Robert A
Published: February 2020

Genome-wide association studies for non-syndromic orofacial clefting (OFC) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at loci where the presumed risk-relevant gene is expressed in oral periderm. The functional subsets of such SNPs are difficult to predict because the sequence underpinnings of periderm enhancers are unknown. We applied ATAC-seq to models of human palate periderm, including zebrafish periderm, mouse embryonic palate epithelia, and a human oral epithelium cell line, and to complementary mesenchymal cell types. We identified sets of enhancers specific to the epithelial cells and trained gapped-kmer support-vector-machine classifiers on these sets. We used the classifiers to predict the effects of 14 OFC-associated SNPs at 12q13 near KRT18. All the classifiers picked the same SNP as having the strongest effect, but the significance was highest with the classifier trained on zebrafish periderm. Reporter and deletion analyses support this SNP as lying within a periderm enhancer regulating KRT18/KRT8 expression.
Survival of side grafts with scions from pure species Pinus engelmannii Carr. and the P. engelmannii × P. arizonica Engelm. var. arizonica hybrid
Authors: Pérez-Luna Alberto , Wehenkel Christian , Prieto-Ruíz José Ángel , López-Upton Javier , Hernández-Díaz José Ciro
Published: February 2020

Grafting is one of the most widely used methods for vegetative propagation, particularly for multiplying trees considered important, but there has been little research done on the effect of hybridization on grafts from the genus Pinus. Sometimes hybrids show the ability to reproduce and adapt efficiently to the environment. However, they reduce the genetic gain of seed orchards. The objective in this research was to evaluate the effect of scion grafts from pure species donor Pinus engelmannii Carr. and from putative hybrid trees P. engelmannii × P. arizonica Engelm., grafted on rootstocks of pure species P. engelmannii, along with the effect of the position of the scion in the donor tree crown (upper third and middle third). The scions were collected from three trees of the pure species and three hybrids. In each tree, 20 scions were collected from each third of the crown evaluated. 120 side-veneer grafts were made at the beginning of spring (March) 2018. Variance analyses were performed to evaluate the treatments and adjustments of the Logit and Weibull models to obtain the probability of graft survival. Significant differences were found between the origins of scions (p < 0.0083, after Bonferroni correction), showing grafts with hybrid tree scions taking hold better. In addition, the probability of survival at 5 months after grafting with hybrid tree scions was greater (p < 0.0001) than in grafts with scions from trees of the pure species (Logit model), which coincides with the results of the Weibull model, which indicated that the probability of graft death with pure species donor tree scions is greater than for grafts with hybrid scions. There were no significant differences regarding the position of the scion in the donor tree crown.
On Model Comparison: Application of Savage-Dickey Density Ratio to Bayes Factor
Authors: Akanbi Olawale B. , Olubusoye Olusanya E. , Babatunde Samuel A.
Published: February 2020

Bayes factor is a major Bayesian tool for model comparison especially when the model priors are the same. In this paper, the Savage-Dickey Density Ratio (SDDR) is used to derive the Bayes factor to select a model from two competing models under consideration in a normal linear regression with an independent normal-gamma prior. The Gibbs sampling technique for the joint posterior distribution with equal prior precision for both the unrestricted and restricted models is used to obtain the model estimates. The result shows that the Bayes factor gave more support to the unrestricted model against the restricted and was consistent irrespective of changes in sample size.
Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Leaves and Pulp Extracts from Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam.) Collected in Mali
Authors: Keita Singou , Wele Mamadou , Ciss Cheickna , Togola Issiaka , Diarra Nouhoum , Baba-Moussa Lamine
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The objectives of this work consisted of a phytochemical study of the leaves and pulp of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam collected from the flooded and dried sites of Niono and Sévaré in Mali and to evaluate the biological activities of the extracts, i.e. the antiradical activity and hemolytic activity.

Methods: Phytochemical analysis and biological activities were performed at the plant biochemistry and biotechnology laboratory of the FST / USTTB. The tannins and flavonoids were extracted by maceration, dosed by spectrophotometry then analyzed by HPLC and their antiradical activity was evaluated by the DPPH method. The saponosides were extracted by decoction and their hemolytic activity was evaluated on beef blood.

Results: Tannins and flavonoids were abundant in the leaves and the pulp but saponosides were absent in the pulp.

Calcium ions, carbonate ions and chloride ions were abundant in the leaves and pulp of Zizyphus mauritiana Lam from the dried site of Niono and the flooded site of Sévaré. HPLC chromatograms showed two peaks of gallic acid in the tannins extracts.

Catechical tannins and flavonoids of the flooded sites have a greater antiradical activity than those of the dried sites. However, their antiradical activity remains lower than that of ascorbic acid whose IC50 was measured at 30 μg.

Leaf saponosides from the flooded site of Niono and the dried site of Sévaré showed hemolytic activity on red blood cells of beef.

Conclusion: The leaves and pulps of Zizyphus mauritiana Lam were rich in phenolic compounds and have interesting antiradical activity. The saponosides extracted from the leaves showed hemolytic activity.
The Increasing Interest in Antibiotic Stewardship Programs
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , F. Khan Mohd.
Published: February 2020

Background: The inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to many adverse effects and also leads to bacterial resistance. A hospital-based program, commonly referred to as antibiotic stewardship programs, is used to improve the usage of antibiotics. This study aims to explore the increasing interest of the public in antibiotic stewardship programs by using data from Google Trends and Twitter.

Methodology: A search trends feature that shows how frequently a given search term is entered into Google’s search engine (Google Trends) and a social network site (Twitter) were used.

Results: The public and the health care professionals are now more interested in antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance due to the development of more severe infections that were caused by bacteria resisted to many antibiotics which lead to high morbidity and mortality rates.

Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of infections caused by multi-drug resistant organism that could lead to more mortality and morbidity rates, as a result the interest in antimicrobial stewardship programs in internet is increased. So it is important to increase the knowledge of health care professionals regarding the appropriate antibiotic use and to encourage them to change their unsuitable prescribing patterns.
An Update on Formic Acid Dehydrogenation by Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Guan Chao , Pan Yupeng , Zhang Tonghuan , Ajitha Manjaly J. , Huang Kuo‐Wei
Published: February 2020

Formic acid (FA) has been extensively studied as one of the most promising hydrogen energy carriers today. The catalytic decarboxylation of FA ideally leads to the formation of CO2 and H2 that can be applied in fuel cells. A large number of transition‐metal based homogeneous catalysts with high activity and selectivity have been reported for the selective FA dehydrogentaion. In this review, we discussed the recent development of C,N/N,N‐ligand and pincer ligand‐based homogeneous catalysts for the FA dehydrogenation reaction. Some representative catalysts are further evaluated by the CON/COF assessment (catalyst on‐cost number)/(catalyst on‐cost frequency). Conclusive remarks are provided with future challenges and opportunities.
Restoring the fire–grazing interaction promotes tree–grass coexistence by controlling woody encroachment
Authors: Capozzelli Jane F. , Miller James R. , Debinski Diane M. , Schacht Walter H.
Published: February 2020

Woody encroachment can convert grasslands and savannas to shrublands and woodlands, so understanding the processes which regulate woody encroachment is necessary to conserve or restore these ecosystems. We hypothesized that recreating the fire–grazing interaction would limit woody encroachment because focal grazing increases fuel accumulation on unburned areas and increases browsing on emergent woody plants in burned areas. This study was conducted in the Grand River Grasslands of Iowa and Missouri (USA) on 11 sites (15.4–35.0 ha). Each site was assigned to one treatment: patch‐burn‐graze (n = 4), with spatially discrete prescribed fires and free access by cattle (the fire–grazing interaction); graze‐and‐burn (n = 4), with free access by cattle and one burn of the entire site every 3 yr; or burn‐only (n = 3), with one site‐wide burn every 3–5 yr and no grazing. The burn‐only treatment increased woody encroachment fourfold compared to the graze‐and‐burn and patch‐burn‐graze treatments (130.2, standard error [SE] = 16.0; 20.9, SE = 12.0; and 46.3, SE = 10.8; plants/200 m2). The patch‐burn‐graze treatment had 2–3 cm more accumulated fuel and woody plants which were 12% shorter, on average, than the other treatments (comparing eight common species). The movement of large herbivores also appeared to decrease the frequency of woody species which spread vegetatively. Our work illustrates how the fire–grazing interaction may control woody encroachment and shows that cattle substitute, at least partially, for endemic large herbivores.
Effects of drying on total polyphenols content and antioxidant properties of Carica papaya leaves
Authors: Yap Jing Y , Hii Ching L , Ong Sze P , Lim Kuan H , Abas Faridah , Pin Kar Y
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

Papaya is widely grown in Malaysia and normally only the fruits are consumed. Other parts of the plant such as leaves, roots, bark, peel, seeds and pulp are also known to have medicinal properties and have been used to treat various diseases. Papaya leaves also contain flavonoids, alkaloids phenolic compounds and cynogenetic compounds, and are also reported to be able to treat dengue fever.

RESULTS

Studies were carried out on drying of papaya leaves using hot air (60, 70 and 80 °C), shade and freeze drying. Effective diffusivities were estimated ranging from 2.09 × 10−12 to 2.18 × 10−12 m2 s−1 from hot air drying, which are within the order of magnitudes reported for most agricultural and food products. The activation energy to initiate drying showed a relatively low value (2.11 kJ mol−1) as a result of the thin leave layer that eased moisture diffusion. In terms of total polyphenols content and antioxidant activities, freeze‐dried sample showed a significantly higher (P < 0.05) total polyphenols content [2158 mg gallic acid equivalent 100 g dry weight−1] and antioxidant activities [2,2'‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) = 571 mg TE 100 g DW−1 and 2,2'‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) = 215 μg mg−1] compared to hot air and shade dried samples.

CONCLUSION

Freeze dried sample retained the most total polyphenols content and showed the highest antioxidant activities in both ABTS and DPPH antioxidant assays. Hot air and shade drying are not conducive with repect to preserving the antioxidants as a result of possible thermal degradation at elevated temperatures and oxidations under prolonged drying condition. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
220 GHz wideband integrated receiver front end based on planar Schottky diodes
Authors: Yang Yilin , Zhang Bo , Zhao Xiangyang , Fan Yong , Chen Xiaodong
Published: February 2020

In this article, a 220 GHz wideband receiver front end is proposed, featuring a 220 GHz subharmonic mixer and a 110 GHz wideband tripler integrated in one single block. The 220 GHz subharmonic mixer and 110 GHz tripler are firstly developed separately with proper planar Schottky diodes. According to the simulated and experimental results, the direct combination of independent mixer and tripler will lead to deterioration of the front end's performances, especially for wideband receivers. This indicates the necessity of building matching network between the cascade circuits in wideband submillimeter receivers. To improve the integral performances of the receiver front end and reduce its size, the combination of the subharmonic mixer and the tripler was optimized with load‐pull techniques and realized in one block. Measured results reveal that the single sideband (SSB) conversion loss of the integrated receiver front end is 7.5‐11 dB from 185 to 250 GHz, while the double sideband (DSB) noise temperature is 750‐1600 K within this frequency range. The integrated front end features half size of the combination of independent modules and better performances. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results shows that the integration and optimization techniques can be applied to realize compact terahertz systems in the future.