bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Localized shear versus distributed strain accumulation as shear-accommodation mechanisms in ductile shear zones: Constraining their dictating factors
Authors: Chatterjee Pramit , Roy Arnab , Mandal Nibir
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of strain localization in Earth’s lithosphere is crucial to explain the mechanics of tectonic plate boundaries and various failure-assisted geophysical phenomena, such as earthquakes. Geological observations suggest that ductile shear zones are the most important lithospheric structures of intense shear localization, sharing a major part of tectonic deformations. Despite extensive studies in the past several decades, the factors governing how they accommodate the bulk shear, whether by distributed homogeneous strain (i.e., development of S tectonic foliation normal to the principal shortening strain axis) or by localized shearing (formation of shear-parallel C bands) remain largely unexplored. This article aims to address this gap in knowledge, providing observational evidences of varying S and C development in ductile shear zones from two geological terrains of Eastern India. The field observations are complemented with 2D-viscoplastic numerical simulations within a strain-softening rheological framework to constrain the factors controlling the two competing shear-accommodation mechanisms: homogeneously distributed strain accumulation versus shear band formation. The model based analysis recognizes the bulk shear rate (γb), the bulk viscosity (ηv) and the initial cohesion (Ci) of a shear zone as the most critical factors to determine the dominance of one mechanism over the other. For a given Ci, low γb and ηv facilitate the formation of S foliation (uniformly distributed strain), which transforms to C-dominated shear-accommodation mechanism with increasing ηv. However, increasing γb, facilitates shear accommodation in a combination of the two mechanisms leading to CS- structures. The article finally discusses the conditions in which ductile shear zones can enormously intensify localized shear rates to produce rapid slip events, such as frictional melting and seismic activities.
Reanalysis of the longest mass balance series in Himalaya using nonlinear model: Chhota Shigri Glacier (India)
Authors: Azam Mohd Farooq , Vincent Christian , Srivastava Smriti , Berthier Etienne , Wagnon Patrick , Kaushik Himanshu , Hussain Arif , Munda Manoj Kumar , Mandal Arindan , Ramanathan Alagappan
Published: April 2024

Abstract. In-situ glacier‒wide mass balances (MB) from traditional glaciological method often carry systematic biases. The glacier‒wide MB series on Chhota Shigri Glacier has been reanalysed by combining the traditional MB reanalysis framework and a nonlinear MB model. The nonlinear model is preferred over the traditional glaciological method to compute the glacier‒wide MBs as the former can capture the spatiotemporal variability of point MBs from a heterogeneous in-situ point MB network. Further, nonlinear model is also used to detect the erroneous measurements from the point MB observations over 2002‒2023. ASTER and Pléiades stereo-imagery show limited areal changes but negative mass balances of ‒0.38 ± 0.05 m w.e. a−1 during 2003‒2014 and ‒0.51 ± 0.06 m w.e. a−1 during 2014‒2020. The nonlinear model outperforms the traditional glaciological method and agrees better with these geodetic estimates. The reanalysed mean glacier‒wide MB over 2002‒2023 is ‒0.47 ± 0.19 m w.e. a−1, equivalent to a cumulative loss of ‒9.81 m w.e. Our analysis suggests that the nonlinear model can also be used to complete the MB series if for some years the field observations are poor or unavailable. With this analysis, we revisit the glacier-wide MB series of Chhota Shigri Glacier and provide the most accurate and up-to-date version of this series, the longest continuous ever recorded in the Himalaya. We recommend applying the nonlinear model on all traditional glaciological mass balance series worldwide whenever data is sufficient, especially in the Himalaya where in-situ data are often missing due to access issues.
Influence of cloudy/clear-sky partitions, aerosols and geometry on the recent variability of surface solar irradiance's components in northern France
Authors: Chesnoiu Gabriel , Ferlay Nicolas , Chiapello Isabelle , Auriol Frédérique , Catalfamo Diane , Compiègne Mathieu , Elias Thierry , Jankowiak Isabelle
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The surface solar irradiance (SSI) is a fundamental parameter whose components (direct and diffuse) and variabilities are highly influenced by changes in atmospheric content and scene’s parameters. The respective importance of cloudy sky conditions and atmospheric aerosols on SSI evolutions is region dependent and only partially quantified. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of SSI variabilities recorded in northern France, a region with extensive variabilities of sky conditions and aerosol loads. Through the application of automatic filtering methods on 1 min resolution SSI ground-based measurements over Lille, sky conditions are classified as clear-sky, 11 %, clear-sun-with-cloud, 22 %, and cloudy-sun situations, 67 %, over 2010 to 2022, for which we analyze the statistics and variabilities of the global horizontal (GHI), direct (BHI) and diffuse (DHI) solar irradiances. Coincident photometric measurements of aerosol properties and radiative transfer simulations provide the mean to conduct a multivariate analysis of the SSI observed trends and year-to-year evolutions, and to estimate aerosol and cloud forcings under clear-sun conditions. The analysis of the record value of all sky GHI in spring 2020 attributes 89 % of the changes to the exceptional sunlight conditions (57 % of clear-sun situations). It highlights also for that season the importance of solar zenithal angle’s changes whose positive effect on clear-sun conditions surpasses those due to aerosols. Our results show all-sky GHI and BHI positive trends of around +4 and +4.4 W/m2/year respectively, both in spring and summer, that are explained at more than 60 % by an increase of clear-sun occurrences of +1 % per year. Additional significant BHI’s increase under clear-sun conditions are mainly explained in spring by the negative trend in aerosol optical depth (-0.011 per year), partly by angular effects in summer. Moreover, we find that clear-sun with cloud situations are frequently marked by irradiance enhancement due to clouds, with on monthly-average 13 % more GHI and 10 % additional diffuse proportion than in clear-sky situations. Under such conditions, clouds add on average 25 W/m2 of diffuse irradiance that set the amount of solar irradiance at the remarkable level of pristine (aerosol and cloud free) conditions, or even higher by more than +10 W/m2 in summer and for low aerosol loads. Overall, our results highlight the dominant and complex influence of cloudy conditions on SSI, which precedes or combines with that of aerosols and geometrical effects, and leads to remarkable global level of SSI in clear-sun with-cloud situations.
Mapping Seasonal Snow Melting in Karakoram Using SAR and Topographic Data
Authors: Li Shiyi , Huang Lanqing , Bernhard Philipp , Hajnsek Irena
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Mapping seasonal snow melting is crucial for assessing its impacts on water resources, natural hazards, and regional climate in Karakoram. However, complex terrain in the high mountain region posed great challenges to remote sensing based wet snow mapping methods. In this study, we developed a novel framework that incorporated Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and topographic data for robust and accurate mapping of wet snow over the Karakoram. Our method adopted the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to adaptively determine the Wet Snow Index (WSI), and computed the Topographic Snow Index (TSI) considering the impact of terrain on wet snow distribution to improve the accuracy of mapping. We validated the mapping results against Sentinel-2 snow cover maps, which demonstrated significantly improved accuracy using the proposed method. Applied across three major water basins in Karakoram, our method generated large-scale wet snow maps and provided valuable insights into the temporal dynamics of regional snow melting extent and duration. This study offers a practical and robust method for snow melting monitoring over challenging terrains. It can contribute to a significant step forward in better managing water resources under the climate change in vulnerable regions.
CH-RUN: A data-driven spatially contiguous runoff monitoring product for Switzerland
Authors: Kraft Basil , Schirmer Michael , Aeberhard William H. , Zappa Massimiliano , Seneviratne Sonia I. , Gudmundsson Lukas
Published: April 2024

Abstract. This study presents a data-driven reconstruction of daily runoff that covers the entirety of Switzerland over an extensive period from 1962 to 2023. To this end, we harness the capabilities of deep learning-based models to learn complex runoff-generating processes directly from observations, thereby facilitating efficient large-scale simulation of runoff rates at ungauged locations. By driving the resulting model with gridded temperature and precipitation data available since the 1960s, we provide a spatiotemporally continuous reconstruction of runoff. The efficacy of the developed model is thoroughly assessed through spatiotemporal cross-validation and compared against a distributed hydrological model, a model used operationally in Switzerland. The developed data-driven model demonstrates not only competitive performance but also notable improvements over traditional hydrological modeling in replicating daily runoff patterns, capturing annual variability, and discerning long-term trends. The resulting long-term reconstruction of runoff is subsequently used to delineate significant shifts in Swiss water resources throughout the past decades. These are characterized by an increased occurrence of dry years, contributing to a negative decadal trend, particularly during the summer months. These insights are pivotal for the understanding and management of water resources, particularly in the context of climate change and environmental conservation. The reconstruction product is made available online. Furthermore, the reduced data dependency and computational efficiency of our model pave the way for simulating diverse scenarios and conducting comprehensive climate attribution studies. This represents a substantial progression in the field, allowing for the analysis of thousands of scenarios in a time frame significantly shorter than traditional methods.
Geometric amplification and suppression of ice-shelf basal melt in West Antarctica
Authors: De Rydt Jan , Naughten Kaitlin
Published: April 2024

Abstract. Glaciers along the Amundsen Sea coastline in West Antarctica are dynamically adjusting to a change in ice-shelf mass balance that triggered their retreat and speed-up prior to the satellite era. In recent decades, the ice shelves have continued to thin, albeit at a decelerating rate, whilst ice discharge across the grounding lines has been observed to have increased by up to 100 % since the early 1990s. Here, the ongoing evolution of ice-shelf mass balance components is assessed in a high-resolution coupled ice–ocean model that includes the Pine Island, Thwaites, Crosson, and Dotson ice shelves. For a range of idealized ocean-forcing scenarios, the combined evolution of ice-shelf geometry and basal-melt rates is simulated over a 200-year period. For all ice-shelf cavities, a reconfiguration of the 3D ocean circulation in response to changes in cavity geometry is found to cause significant and sustained changes in basal-melt rate, ranging from a 75 % decrease up to a 75 % increase near the grounding lines, irrespective of the far-field forcing. These previously unexplored feedbacks between changes in ice-shelf geometry, ocean circulation, and basal melting have a demonstrable impact on the net ice-shelf mass balance, including grounding-line discharge, at multi-decadal timescales. They should be considered in future projections of Antarctic mass loss alongside changes in ice-shelf melt due to anthropogenic trends in the ocean temperature and salinity.
Low Uncertainty Wave Tank Testing and Validation of numerical methods for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines
Authors: Schulz Christian W. , Netzband Stefan , Knipper Philipp D. , Abdel-Maksoud Moustafa
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The accurate simulation of loads and motions of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWT) in operation is key to the commercialisation of this technology. To improve such load predictions, a critical assessment of the capabilities and limitations of simulation methods for FOWT is mandatory. However, uncertainties arise during the whole validation process of a numerical method. These can drastically impair the quality of the validation. In the case of FOWT, the interaction between aerodynamic, hydrodynamic and mooring loads on the one hand and platform motions on the other hand causes a high level of uncertainty in the measurement data acquired in model tests. This also applies to comparing a numerical model to the test data, as these interactions make the distinction between cause and effect challenging. To address these challenges, several improvements to the validation process aiming at the reduction of the uncertainties are proposed and evaluated in this work. The major improvements are the measurement of the rotor thrust force excluding the tower top inertia loads, a significant improvement of the wind field quality in the wave tank and the utilisation of hybrid simulations based on the measured platform motions. These steps are applied to wave tank tests of a FOWT utilising a single point mooring and the subsequent validation of the numerical panel method panMARE. The improvements allowed for a considerable decrease in the random and systematic uncertainty of the model tests and made a valuable contribution to the distinction between cause and effect regarding the deviations between measurements and simulations.
Comparison of Transportation Use Among Older and Younger Persons Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Canham Sarah , Huntzinger Olivia , Rose Jeff , Jones Shannon , García Ivis
Published: April 2024

Regardless of age, transportation determines access to necessary services and supports, including food, healthcare, shelter, and social connection for persons experiencing homelessness (PEH). This study compared experiences and perceptions of transportation among PEH aged <49 years old to PEH aged 50+ years. We conducted a secondary qualitative data analysis of semi-structured interviews with 18 PEH staying in emergency shelters in Salt Lake County, Utah. Using thematic analysis, we identified three points of comparison between older and younger PEH: 1) Modes of transportation used; 2) Reasons for using public transit; and 3) Perceptions of public transit. While there are some similarities across transportation modes used (e.g., public transit, dedicated homeless-services shuttle, walking), older PEH also reported using taxi services when it could be afforded or shared with others. In addition, older PEH more often discussed using public transit to get to healthcare appointments, while younger PEH reported needing transit to get to places of employment. Though both participant groups described the prohibitive costs of transit, OPEH recommended that to use transit most successfully there need to be places to sit and rest when walking, as well as more publicly available bathrooms and crosswalks for safety. This age-based comparison offers insight into ways to increase transportation equity and support PEH of all ages who similarly have unmet mobility needs.
İDEOLOJİK TEOLOJİ AÇISINDAN KURBANIN SEMBOLİK DEĞERİ
Authors: Çınar Bayram
Published: April 2024

Dînî bir kavram olarak derin kökleri olan kurban, bugün dînî içeriğinin çok ötesinde politik bir araca dönüştürülmüştür. Farklı kültürlerde farklı uygulamalara rastlansa da günümüzde kurban devletin hegemonya alanının korunmasının bir aracı haline getirilmiştir. Çalışmamız kurbanın tarih içerisindeki bu yolculuğu hakkındadır. Teolojiden, politik teolojiye kurban seremonisinin izleğine ilişkin bir arama çabasıdır. Çalışmada cevabını aradığımız temel sorular şöylece sıralanabilir: Kurban dini bir seremoni olarak ne ifade eder? Kurban kültü mitolojik unsurlar da barındırır mı ve bu unsurlar tarafında desteklenmiş midir? Kurban, sosyal alanda hangi anlamlara karşılık gelir? Sosyal parkurda Kurban bu denli derin kökleri nasıl edinebilmiştir? Kurbanın bu denli derin köklere sahip olması onun politik bir araca dönüştürülmesinde belirleyici olmuş mudur? Çalışmamız, dünyanın farklı bölgelerinde farklı biçimlerde ortaya çıksa bile, Kurban ritüelinin kümülatif amaç ve hedef birliğini ortaya çıkarmaya dönüktür. Farklı dînî pratiklerde bu yapının nasıl işlendiğine ilişkin örnekler verilmiştir. Kurban ibadetinin İslam dinindeki uygulama biçimine ise çalışmamızda ekstra bir vurgu yapılmamış ve bu öne çıkarılmak istenmemiştir. Zira görüşümüze göre kurban, din kurumunun siyasi bir araca dönüştürülmesinin bir örneğidir. Kurban seremonisi ile bağlantılı olarak gösterilmeye çalışılan modern dönemlerde yoğunluk kazanan din sömürüsüdür.
Fârâbî’de İlk Bilgilerin Kaynağı ve Doğuştan Bilgi Sorunu: John Locke ile Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme
Authors: Demir Muhammed Enes
Published: April 2024

Tüm diskürsif bilginin istinat ettiği ilk bilgilerin nereden ve nasıl kazanıldığı felsefî bakımdan önemli bir inceleme konusudur. Çalışmada öncelikle ilk Müslüman sistem filozofu olan Fârâbî’nin ilk bilgilerin kaynağı konusundaki düşünceleri ele alınarak bir kanaate ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ardından, İngiliz empirizminin kurucularından John Locke’un, skolastik düşünceye karşı çıkarak geliştirdiği doğuştan ideler kabulüne yönelik eleştirileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca filozofun bilgi felsefesinin genel bir tasviri verilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular üzerinden iki filozofun konuya dair görüşlerinin bir karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; her iki filozofun da bilginin malzemelerinin duyumdan geldiği konusunda benzer düşündüğü ve insanda doğuştan bilgi bulunduğunu kabul etmediği tespit edilmiştir. Ancak Locke’ta bilgi edinimi dış bir sebebe değil, bireye bağlanırken Fârâbî’ye göre ilk makullerin husulü için Faal Akl’a ihtiyaç vardır. Bu nedenle, aşkınsal bir yan olarak, Fârâbî’de duyumla başlayan bilgi edinme süreci Faal Akıl ile ittisale uzanmaktadır.
Effectiveness of Physical Activities in Students’ Mental Health at Elementary Level
Authors: Bagum Munwar , Riaz Zarghoona , Fareed Ahmad
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of physical activities in improving the mental health of elementary students. Preliminary analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between participation in physical activities and various indicators of mental health, including self-esteem, emotional regulation, and social competence. Certain types of activities, such as team sports and outdoor play, appear particularly beneficial. The study underscores the importance of integrating physical activities into the school curriculum to support the overall well-being and academic success of elementary students. The research was exclusively of a quantitative type. The association between students' physical activity levels and their mental health at a particular moment in time was investigated using a correlation research methodology. The elementary school children enrolled in public schools in District Layyah made up the study's population. There were 37,820 kids in the target population overall, comprising students in Grades 6, 7, and 8. There were 37820 people in total, and 380 pupils were chosen at random to make up the sample. Indicators of mental health and levels of physical activity were measured using a survey questionnaire. Structured questionnaires were used to gather data from the chosen group of primary school pupils. Using the proper statistical techniques, such as inferential and descriptive statistics, the collected data was examined. The data were summarized using descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation, and frequency distributions. Inferential statistics, such as correlation analysis, were used to investigate the connections between primary school kids' levels of physical exercise and their mental health outcomes. All statistical tests were conducted with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. To make it easier to grasp and analyze the results, the data analysis results were presented as tables and figures. Based on the findings, the research questions were answered and conclusions were made. This study is important because it offers guidance on how parents, legislators, and educators can help their children engage in physical activity. Evidence-based guidelines, treatments, and policies aimed at improving mental and physical well-being can be informed by the results.
The Affecting of Dynamic Capabilities the Export Performance in Vietnam: Digital Leadership - Moderator Impacts
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Hung , Nguyen Nhu Hai , Huyen Luu Thi Ngoc
Published: April 2024

The objective of this is to assess the moderator of digital leadership on dynamic capability and export performance of Vietnamese enterprise. The study is performed on 48 enterprises in the agriculture export sector of Vietnam. After a period of 7 months of data collection and received 429 survey questionnaires, the analysis results show that digital leadership had a positive impact on the relationship of dynamic capability and export performance. At the same time, dynamic capability had a positive impact on export performance. Research results help businesses achieve sustainable innovation performance and improve export performance.

Keywords: Digital leadership, dynamic capabilities, export performance, Vietnam.
EFFECT OF PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON UPPER & LOWER BODY STRENGTH OF FEMALE BADMINTON ATHLETES
Authors: Hassan Uzma , Ghani Usman , Fatima Aysha , Aslam Farrukh
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Plyometric Training on selected Physical Parameters of Collegiate Female Badminton Athletes. This study highlighted the impact of 12 weeks of plyometric training on selected physical parameters such as upper and lower body strength and anthropometric attributes such as weight and waist-hip ratio among females aged 16-22 years. The selected intervention was conducted at the Government Post Graduate College, Faisalabad, Punjab Pakistan. Experimental and randomized control trials and pre/post-intervention study design were used. The subjects/participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups (n=20). All the subjects/participants were divided into two groups with 10 subjects each as experimental and control group. Upper body strength is measured through push-ups test and lower body strength is measured through the squats test. The results of physical parameters such as upper body strength and lower body strength of female badminton athletes changed after a 12-week plyometric training program. Therefore, the mean and standard deviation values of upper body strength and lower body strength of post-intervention were found to improve. Finally, the researchers concluded that a 12-week plyometric training program affects the selected physical parameters i-e upper body strength and lower body strength post-intervention of college-level female badminton athletes. Additionally, in this research, the anthropometric variables were also entertained. The weight and waist-hip ratio, after the effect on selected physical parameters such as upper body strength and lower body strength, post-intervention of 12-weeks plyometric training of college-level female badminton athletes therefore, the mean and standard deviation values of weight and waist-hip ratio of post-intervention were changed significantly after post-training. Based on the findings, the researchers recommend that college authorities provide maximum chances for girls to participate in badminton games regularly to improve the selected physical parameters of upper body strength and lower body strength.
Flexibility Potential in the Austrian Building Sector
Authors: Drexel Raphael , Schneider Simon
Published: April 2024

What would happen if 15% of the Austrian building stock in 2030 – both refurbished and newly-built – would use flexible heating/cooling systems to offer their flexibility on a market? How much annual residual loads from volatile renewable energy sources (RES) could be absorbed? Our simple agent-market model says: ~5% of RES surpluses and around 2% of RES residual loads. The cost of this operation is additional energy demand of about 30%, indicating an efficiency of approx. 70% in using these volatile supply peaks in flexible building operation. In this model, buildings are agents offering additional electricity consumption from pre-emptive HVAC operation, effectively using the building mass as storage, their energy demand is modelled in a simple thermal RC model. The grid flexibility demand is derived from future residual load scenarios and the offered flexibility depends both on signal parameters, mainly signal frequency and duration, and on key building parameters indoor temperature comfort bounds, building mass and thermal envelope quality.
Quantum chemical study of the acidity of 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-1,1-dioxides
Authors: Starostin Mihail , Dolbnev Nikita , Ovchinnikov Konstantin
Published: April 2024

We conducted quantum chemical modelling by REVPBE0 3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-1,1-dioxide,3,4,6-triphenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thiopyran-1,1-dioxide and their anions. The authors calculated the Gibbs free energies for the reaction of their interaction with hydroxide anion as a base. We have found a difference in the acidic properties of the protons of the 2H-thiopyran rings and the positions of the reaction centres in the subsequent reactions involving the formed anions.
Development of water-dispersion paint and varnish material for creating a decorative effect using " the washed concrete" technology
Authors: Vargasova Svetlana , Tereshko Anastasiya
Published: April 2024

The article presents the formulation of water-dispersion paint and varnish material containing concrete hardening inhibitor. The authors investigated the rheological characteristics of the water phase, pigment paste, and paint. The paper determines the correlation of the penetration rate with the amount of inhibitor and concludes the selection of concrete hardening inhibitor.
The effect of basalt fiber cutting density and length on the risk of thread entangling
Authors: Andronov Sergey , Stolyarov Viktor , Belozerov Yaroslav , Kochetkov Andrey , Shashkov Igor
Published: April 2024

The paper concerns with an assessment of the effect of basalt fiber cutting density and length on the risk of thread entangling. The average lengths of basalt fiber filaments do not exceed critical values. The histogram of the basalt fiber length distribution corresponds to the normal distribution with an excellent rating. The research ascertained the maximum permissible imperfection of the distribution of lengths of fluffed basalt filaments. Hence, expected risk of thread entangling is lower than permissible one. Therefore, it is acceptable to implement dispersed reinforcement of this fiber from basalt fiber at the required level of reliability.
Next-generation materials for space electronics: A conceptual review
Authors: Adeola Ona-Olapo Esho  , Tosin Daniel Iluyomade  , Tosin Michael Olatunde  , Osayi Philip Igbinenikaro
Published: April 2024

Space electronics play a pivotal role in enabling modern space missions, facilitating communication, navigation, remote sensing, and scientific exploration. However, the extreme conditions of space, including temperature variations, radiation exposure, and mechanical stresses, pose significant challenges for the materials used in electronic components. This conceptual review explores the next-generation materials for space electronics, aiming to address these challenges and push the boundaries of performance and reliability. The review begins by outlining the fundamental requirements for space electronics materials, emphasizing the need for extreme temperature resistance, radiation shielding, mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity. It then surveys the current state-of-the-art materials, including silicon-based materials, compound semiconductors, polymers, ceramics, and composites, highlighting their strengths and limitations in space applications. Furthermore, the review discusses emerging materials and technologies, such as 2D materials, organic electronics, quantum materials, and metamaterials, which hold promise for revolutionizing space electronics. Implementation strategies are proposed, considering factors like integration with existing systems, scalability, cost-effectiveness, environmental impact, and regulatory compliance. Through this conceptual review, insights are provided into the potential applications of next-generation materials in satellites, space probes, exploration missions, and beyond. The conclusion summarizes key findings, underscores potential implications for the future of space electronics, and offers recommendations for further research and development. By advancing the state of materials science for space electronics, this review aims to contribute to the ongoing exploration and utilization of space for the benefit of humanity.
Classificatory updates in verrucous and cuniculatum carcinomas: Insights from the 5th edition of WHO-IARC head and neck tumor classification
Authors: Silveira Felipe Martins , Schuch Lauren Frenzel , Bologna-Molina Ronell
Published: April 2024

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and World Health Organization (WHO) collaboratively produce the 'WHO Blue Books' essential tools standardizing the diagnostic process for human cancers. Regular updates in this classification accommodate emerging molecular discoveries, advances in immunohistochemical techniques, and evolving clinical insights. The 5th edition of the WHO/IARC classification of head and neck tumors refines the 'Oral Cavity and Mobile Tongue' chapter, including sections for non-neoplastic lesions, epithelial tumors, and tumors of uncertain histogenesis. Notably, the epithelial tumors section is rearranged by tumor behavior, starting with benign squamous papillomas and progressing through potentially malignant oral disorders to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The section on OSCC reflects recent information on epidemiology, pathogenesis, and histological prognostic factors. Noteworthy is the specific categorization of verrucous carcinoma (VC) and carcinoma cuniculatum (CC), both associated with the oral cavity and distinct in clinical and histologic characteristics. This classification adjustment emphasizes the oral cavity as their predominant site in the head and neck. Designating specific sections for VC and CC aims to provide comprehensive insights into these unique subtypes, elucidating their clinical features, distinct histological characteristics, prevalence, significance, and clinical relevance. By categorizing these subtypes into specific sections, the 5th edition of the WHO classification aims to provide a more nuanced and detailed account, enhancing our understanding of these specific variants within the broader spectrum of head and neck tumors.
Management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in rectal cancer: Is it time to reach an Agreement?
Authors: Romero-Zoghbi Sigfredo E , López-Campos Fernando , Couñago Felipe
Published: April 2024

In this editorial, we proceed to comment on the article by Chua et al , addressing the management of metastatic lateral pelvic lymph nodes (mLLN) in stage II/III rectal cancer patients below the peritoneal reflection. The treatment of this nodal area sparks significant controversy due to the strategic differences followed by Eastern and Western physicians, albeit with a higher degree of convergence in recent years. The dissection of lateral pelvic lymph nodes without neoadjuvant therapy is a standard practice in Eastern countries. In contrast, in the West, preference leans towards opting for neoadjuvant therapy with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy, that would cover the treatment of this area without the need to add the dissection of these nodes to the total mesorectal excision. In the presence of high-risk nodal characteristics for mLLN related to radiological imaging and lack of response to neoadjuvant therapy, the risk of lateral local recurrence increases, suggesting the appropriate selection of strategies to reduce the risk of recurrence in each patient profile. Despite the heterogeneous and retrospective nature of studies addressing this area, an international consensus is necessary to approach this clinical scenario uniformly.
Comparative effectiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer stratified by microsatellite instability status
Authors: Niu Chen-Gu , Zhang Jing , Rao Aniket-Vijay , Joshi Utsav , Okolo Patrick
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Immunotherapy have demonstrated promising outcomes in patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI) (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the comparative effectiveness of Immunotherapy and chemotherapy for patients with low MSI (MSI-L), and microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer remains unclear.

AIM

To investigate immunotherapy vs chemotherapy for treatment of MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer, and to evaluate the success of immunotherapy against chemotherapy in managing MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer during a follow-up of 50 months.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with immunotherapy or chemotherapy. The study population was stratified by MSI status (MSI-H, MSI-L, and MSS). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between treatment modality and OS, adjusting for potential confounders.

RESULTS

A total of 21951 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were included in the analysis, of which 2358 were MSI-H, and 19593 were MSI-L/MSS. In the MSI-H cohort, immunotherapy treatment (n = 142) was associated with a significantly improved median OS compared to chemotherapy (n = 860). After adjusting for potential confounders, immunotherapy treatment remained significantly associated with better OS in the MSI-H cohort [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.57, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.43-0.77, P < 0.001]. In the MSS cohort, no significant difference in median OS was observed between immunotherapy treatment and chemotherapy (aHR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.69-1.29, P = 0.715).

CONCLUSION

In this population-based study using the NCDB, immunotherapy treatment was associated with significantly improved OS compared to chemotherapy in patients with MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer, but not in those with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine the optimal therapeutic approach for patients with MSI-L/MSS metastatic colorectal cancer.
A comprehensive review of energy-efficient design in satellite communication systems
Authors: Adeola Ona-Olapo Esho  , Tosin Daniel Iluyomade  , Tosin Michael Olatunde  , Osayi Philip Igbinenikaro
Published: April 2024

Satellite communication systems play a pivotal role in enabling global connectivity, but their energy consumption presents significant challenges in terms of sustainability and operational costs. This comprehensive review explores various aspects of energy-efficient design in satellite communication systems to address these challenges. Beginning with an overview of the fundamentals of energy efficiency in satellite communications, including key metrics and parameters, the review delves into the analysis of energy consumption across different subsystems. Strategies for optimizing energy efficiency in transmission protocols, modulation schemes, power management, and control are examined, along with case studies showcasing successful implementations. Emerging technologies and trends in satellite communication are explored for their potential to enhance energy efficiency. Regulatory and environmental considerations are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of aligning energy-efficient design with regulatory frameworks and addressing environmental impacts. Ultimately, this review highlights the importance of prioritizing energy efficiency in satellite communication system design to mitigate environmental impact, reduce operational costs, and ensure sustainability in an increasingly interconnected world.
UTILIZATION OF THE ANDROID APPLICATION “BOCESTING” IN ENHANCING KNOWLEDGE FOR MOTHERS OF CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS ABOUT STUNTING PREVENTION
Authors: Safitri Tiyara , Dewi Mey Lestanti Mukodri
Published: April 2024

The most common health problem is malnutrition, called stunting. In the province of Riau Islands in 2020, 7.2% of cases were distributed among seven districts/cities. One attempt to address nutritional problems in young children is to approach health education using the Android method. Continuing previous research on nutritional therapies as delayed prevention in the news, using brochure media to stop prevention (Bocesting), implementation of Bocesting has a knowledge-increasing effect compared to the dissemination method. Based on this, the author is interested in researching brochure prevention of stunting (Bocesting) based android application as a learning environment in improving maternal nutritional behavior and nutritional status news, so that in Riau Islands community a special field of work in Puskesmas Kampung Bugi complexity. village Bugis District, Tanjungpinang City to analyze the differences in the effect of education on the prevention of stunting using a media leaflet and an Android-based application to improve maternal nutritional behavior and nutritional news to prevent news-induced stunting events.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE BOOKLET ON HENDLING EMERGENCIES DUE TO STINGS FROM VENOMOUS MARINE ANIMALS ON TOURISTS AT TRIKORA BEACH, BINTAN REGENCY
Authors: Deliana Muthia , Dewi Pusparianda  , Santa Novita Yosephin Silalahi  , Elsa Gusrianti
Published: April 2024

The high level of beach tourism activities in Indonesia, especially at Trikora Beach, Bintan district, also increases incidents/accidents related to beach activities, including diving, swimming and fishing. One incident that occurs quite often is being stung by venomous marine animals. The need for fast treatment before the victim is transferred to the hospital. Therefore, tourists need adequate knowledge to prevent complications from occurring. The aim of this research is to see the effectiveness of booklet media regarding handling stings from venomous marine animals at Trikora Beach, Bintan district. Quasi experimental research design with a pre and posttest design approach. This research was conducted from June - November 2022 at Trikora Beach, Kawal Health Center working area, Bintan Regency. The population in this study were all tourists who visited Trikora Beach, Bintan Regency in the Kawal Health Center working area. The sample in this study was 68 samples in the intervention group and control group. The research results showed that there was a difference in tourists' knowledge about handling the effects of venomous marine animal stings, with a P-value of 0.003 (< 0.05), so Ho was rejected. And in the control group, the p-value was 0.041 (< 0.05). Conclusion: Media booklet about handling emergencies due to stings from venomous marine animals is effective in increasing tourists' knowledge of this matter. It is hoped that the Kwal Community Health Center can make the booklet one of the service standards in increasing the knowledge of the community, especially tourists, about handling emergencies due to stings from venomous marine animals.
SIX CULTURE HOFSTEDE AND STUDENT ACADEMIC FRAUD AT PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN BALI
Authors: I Gusti Ayu Ratih Permata Dewi
Published: April 2024

Academic fraudulent behavior is a dishonest act that violates ethics in the academic sphere at both the student, lecturer and administration levels which harms other parties. This research wants to test the influence of Hofstede's cultural dimensions on student academic fraud. This research was conducted at Warmadewa University in Bali. The population in this study were 2020 Even semester students of the Accounting Department, Faculty of Economics and Business, Warmadewa University in Bali, totaling 2456 students. To determine the minimum sample size, the researcher used the Slovin formula, namely 100 students as a sample. This research uses an interval scale with 5 Likert scales. Data analysis in research uses Partial Least Square (PLS) with the SmartPLS program. The results show that the cultural dimension of power distance has no effect on academic fraud, the cultural dimension of uncertainty avoidance has a negative and significant effect on academic fraud, the cultural dimension of individualism has a negative and significant effect on academic fraud, the cultural dimension of masculinity has a positive and significant effect on academic fraud, the cultural dimension of orientation long term has a negative and significant effect on academic fraud, and the cultural dimension of indulgence has a negative and significant effect on academic fraud
Sanctity and Universal Fraternity Hagiological Aspect of the Encyclical Fratelli Tutti
Authors: Parzych-Blakiewicz Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

The article Sanctity and universal fraternity. Hagiological aspect of the encyclical Fratelli tutti is a theological study of the anthropological foundations for the social question. The teaching of Pope Francis aims to explain the dependence of the social order on the implementation of the Gospel concept of humanism. The Pope notices the correlation between ecology and holiness, pointing to them as the foundations for the organization of the human family, national and political communities. Francis gives the principles of a human ethos, which guarantees the respect and dignity of every human person and supports families and nations in their service to the human person and society. In the article, the author asks the following questions: How does Pope Francis perceive sanctity in the context of progressing globalization? And then: What is, according to the Pope’s teaching on the sanctity, the place of theology research among the scientific disciplines facing the challenges of innovation? The author formulates the answer after explaining the papal project of community, sanctity as a foundation of community, the phenomenon of globalization and the role of Christians in the face of globalization. It also explains the papal concept of theology for innovation. The conclusions clearly indicate the value of Christian humanism as humanism of the highest anthropological order. Such a humanism is based on evangelical assumptions in which the sacrum is the foundation of the harmony between all elements of the world. From this assumption arises the imperative of interdisciplinary research into the phenomenon of sacredness, out of concern for the well-being of human beings, families, societies and the whole of creation.
Caso clínico quirúrgico: Adenotonsilectomía
Authors: Duque Fabed , Vega María
Published: April 2024

Las amígdalas palatinas y las adenoides, son estructuras linfáticas que se hallan en la orofaringe, producen inmunoglobulinas, lo que hace que su fisiología esté relacionada con la función inmunocompetente de la porción cefálica del tracto aerodigestivo como una barrera física frente a antígenos externos. Sin embargo, estas estructuras, llegan a presentar inflamaciones recurrentes llamada adenotonsilitis o adenoamigdalitis, causada por una infección viral o bacteriana frecuente en niños menores de 15 años, aunque también aparece en adolescentes y adultos con hipertrofia adenoidea y/o amigdalina con síntomas como fiebre, dolor de garganta y dificultad para deglutir, no obstante, las infecciones repetitivas pueden llevar a futuras complicaciones, como los problemas respiratorios por lo cual se indica una cirugía para corregirlas que se puede realizar en un mismo tiempo quirúrgico llamándose amigdalectomía, adenoidectomía y adenotonsilectomía (extirpación de ambas estructuras). El objetivo fue conocer y desarrollar esta última técnica quirúrgica en un escolar de 7 años, para resolver las complicaciones presentes en las amígdalas y adenoides, cumpliendo con el estudio de caso asignado en el Diplomado Básico de Instrumentación Quirúrgica de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad de Los Andes.
Robust fuzzy – backstepping mode control of an induction motor
Authors: Herizi Abdelghafour , Benyounes Abdelhafid , Rouabhi Riyadh , Boudras Abdelghafour , Ouagueni Fayssal , Zemmit Abderrahim
Published: April 2024

This paper presents a novel control for induction motors using backstepping control and fuzzy logic. The Backstepping control is suggested as a substitute for the conventional PI controller to attain high-performance motion control systems for the speed, flux, and current control loops. Stability analysis, based on Lyapunov theory, is also conducted to guarantee the convergence of the speed tracking error from all possible initial conditions. The speed regulator was changed to a fuzzy logic regulator. The simulation results confirm that the proposed hybrid control fuzzy-backstepping scheme offers improved performance in terms of trajectory tracking ability and robustness against variation when subjected to time-varying reference input.
Resultados específicos do câncer de próstata após cirurgia robótica versus outras modalidades cirúrgicas: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Ferro Filho Pedro Paulo Moura , Passaglia André Fleury Cunha , Faria Rodrigo Luz Santome de , Morais Marcos Eduardo Louredo , Campos Ana Paula Meggetto de , Lauck Ana Júlia Martins , Ribeiro Lígia Gonsalves , Reis Júlia Faria , Macedo Rafaela Melo , Arruda Jalsi Tacon
Published: April 2024

Tradicionalmente, a prostatectomia radical é considerada o tratamento padrão para o câncer de próstata localizado em estágio inicial. Esta intervenção cirúrgica tem sido realizada por meio de técnicas abertas ou laparoscópicas. No entanto, com os avanços da tecnologia robótica, a prostatectomia radical assistida por robô emergiu como uma alternativa promissora. O interesse em compreender e comparar os benefícios da prostatectomia radical assistida por robô em relação às técnicas cirúrgicas tradicionais vem aumentando. Assim, o presente estudo realizou uma análise comparativa dos resultados e vantagens proporcionadas pela cirurgia robótica e as abordagens convencionais na prostatectomia radical. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicos: PubMed, SciELO, BVS e Google Acadêmico. Foram utilizados os termos: “prostate cancer”; “prostatectomy”; “robot-assisted prostatectomy”; e “laparoscopic prostatectomy”. Os resultados mostram que, apesar de ainda não haver um consenso acerca da melhor técnica a ser utilizada na realização da prostatectomia radical, a laparoscópica assistida por robô oferece uma série de benefícios significativos, incluindo melhor visualização, precisão aprimorada, recuperação mais rápida e menos complicações pós-operatórias, além de resultados favoráveis em termos de menor tempo de internação, menor perda de sangue e menor incidência de incontinência urinária e disfunção erétil em comparação com as técnicas cirúrgicas tradicionais. Para que a concretização destes desfechos sejam aplicáveis à realidade terapêutica do câncer de próstata localizado, é crucial continuar a realizar pesquisas e estudos clínicos para avaliar completamente os benefícios a longo prazo da cirurgia robótica na prostatectomia radical e para identificar quais pacientes podem se beneficiar mais dessa abordagem.