bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The level of inflammatory markers in patients with myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors:   College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Abd-Alwahab Hadeel S. , Mahmeed Bayadir Abdul Hussein ,   College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq;, Nasser Nesreen Ahmed ,   College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq;, Mohsein Osama A. ,   Main Laboratory Unit, Al Habbobi Teaching Hospital, Thi-Qar Health Directorate, Thi-Qar, Iraq;,   Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Mazaya University College, Thi-Qar, Iraq;
Published: September 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are among the most widespread diseases in the world that affect all ages and sometimes can lead to death. Atherosclerosis, coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction are usually associated with artery occlusion and require percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as a non-surgical procedure to restore blood flow to the heart. Inflammatory biomarkers, especially interleukins and cardiac biomarkers, have an important role in diagnosing the state of patients with heart damage. The goal of the study was to estimate the serum levels of interleukins and cardiac biomarkers after PCI to reduce the risk of acute coronary syndrome. The study included 100 persons between the ages of 40 and 69 diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome who had successful PCI and a control group consisting of 50 healthy participants of the same age. The levels of interleukins, сreatine kinase MB and myoglobin were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Troponin and D-dimer levels were measured using immunoassay. It was found that patients before PCI had significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, cardiac troponin I, D-dimer, creatine kinase-MB and myoglobin compared to the control group. One day after PCI, the levels of IL -6, IL-8, cardiac troponin I and D-dimer remained elevated. One week after PCI, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CK-MB and myoglobin did not show significant differences compared to the control group, while the levels of cardiac troponin I and D-dimer remained higher. Results obtained indicate that in patients after PCI, the levels of interleukins decreased, indicating the reduction of inflammatory processes, but cardiac damage persists to a certain degree, even a week after PCI. Keywords: creatine kinase MB, D-dimer, interleukin, myocardial infarction, myoglobin, percutaneous coronary intervention
The problem of management by dependant and independent persons in D. 15,3,17 pr.
Authors: Giovannini Máté
Published: September 2024

The following paper examines a text found under the title actio de in rem verso of the Digest. The Roman archetype of modern direct and indirect representation can be discovered in the short fragment — consisting of only two sentences. Africanus compares the management of the dependant and independent representative in the assessment of a specific case (borrowing for the benefit of the represented). The representatives undertook to administrate someone else's affairs with the same aim, but the legal effects of their actions show differences in several aspects. The analysis attempts to reconstruct the fact pattern and to provide a possible solution to the arising legal problems.
Prevalence and risk factors of tuberculosis infection in orphanage children in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Mayangsari Ayu Setyorini Mestika , Purniti Ni Putu Siadi , Subanada Ida Bagus , Witarini Komang Ayu , Clearesta Kartika Eda
Published: September 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that causes high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Indonesia ranks third in the most TB cases in 2020 globally. Orphanages are densely populated places with a high risk of transmission, but routine TB screening programs have yet to be carried out. This study aims to find the prevalence of tuberculosis infection and its risk factors in orphanage children.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional approach. The data collected included age, gender, nutritional status, stunting, BCG scars, and abnormalities in physical examination. History, physical examination, and tuberculin test are the screening programs performed. All children with a positive tuberculin test as an induration of 10 mm 72 hours after the tuberculin test underwent a chest X-ray.
Results: We conducted tuberculosis screening for 262 children in 15 orphanages in Denpasar and Badung from July to October 2022. There is no known history of contact with active TB sufferers. No active tuberculosis infection was detected. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) occurred in 57 children (21.7%), 48 (84.2%) aged 10-17 years, 28 (49.1%) were male, 54 (94.7%) had normal nutritional status, 13 (22.8%) were stunted, and no BCG scars in 28 (49.1%). No BCG scar was a risk factor for LTBI with OR 2.29 (95% CI 1.06 - 4.97; p 0.03).
Conclusion: One-fifth of orphanage children suffer from LTBI, and no BCG scar was a risk factor for LTBI. TB screening should be done routinely and actively in the orphanage.
Coronary angiographic scoring systems to predict prognosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Rosmaningtyas Christina Ayu Ariani , Rampengan Starry Homenta
Published: September 2024

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, contributing to nearly 1.8 million deaths annually. Quantifying the severity of CAD is essential for risk stratification and managing CAD patients. The degree of CAD can affect a patient's chances of receiving medical care or going straight for revascularization. Revascularization may be more beneficial for patients with more severe CAD, but they also have a worse prognosis. There is a correlation between the severity of CAD and a higher risk of complications during revascularization treatment. Clinical outcomes after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) can be predicted by the final infarct size, determined by the complex interplay of several factors, including the duration of myocardial ischemia, the presence of collateral blood supply, reperfusion injury, and the jeopardized left ventricular myocardium. Therapies aimed at restoring myocardial perfusion and/or limiting damage, either mechanically or pharmacologically, can be assessed by measuring the absolute final infarct size.
Coronary angiography is still the preferred method for diagnosing and treating CAD; therefore, various angiographic scoring systems have been suggested to quantify the severity of CAD. However, the existing angiographic scores vary in their ease of use, applicability, and level of predictive validity, thus warranting further studies in the future.
Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis pada bayi baru lahir dari ibu dengan myasthenia gravis: laporan kasus langka
Authors: Shana Yusie Anwar  , Emmy Hayatun  , Siti Hairiah
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis (TNMG) is a temporary neuromuscular disorder that occurs in babies born to mothers with myasthenia gravis (MG) due to transplacental transfer of antibodies against acetylcholine receptors. TNMG is a rare form that occurs in 10-15% of babies born to mothers with MG.
Case: We present the case of a newborn who was admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit after birth by caesarean section (SC) for observation of MG symptoms due to birth to an asymptomatic MG mother. The baby showed symptoms two days after birth with general hypotonia, weak facial motor skills, always open mouth, missing primitive reflexes, whimpering cries, difficulty swallowing and sucking, and the baby's position was like a frog's leg. On supporting examination, no electrolyte disturbances were found, kidney function was normal. Observation was continued to eliminate differential diagnoses. The baby may experience TNMG on the fifth day of treatment based on the diagnosis of exclusion and the mother's history of MG. A positive maternal history of MG associated with a suggestive physical examination is sufficient to make a diagnosis of TNMG.
Conclusion: With prompt diagnosis and appropriate management, most newborns experience spontaneous remission after several weeks to months.
 
Pendahuluan: Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis (TNMG) adalah gangguan neuromuskuler sementara yang terjadi pada bayi yang lahir dari ibu dengan myasthenia gravis (MG) karena transfer transplacental antibodi terhadap asetilkolin reseptor. TNMG adalah bentuk langka yang terjadi pada 10-15% bayi yang lahir dari ibu dengan MG.
Kasus: Penulis menyajikan kasus bayi baru lahir yang dirawat di Unit Perawatan Intensif Neonatal setelah lahir sectio caesarea (SC) untuk observasi adanya gejala MG akibat lahir dari ibu MG asimptomatik. Bayi menunjukkan gejala dua hari setelah dilahirkan dengan hipotonia umum, motorik wajah melemah, mulut selalu terbuka, refleks primitif yang hilang, tangisan merintih, kesulitan menelan dan menghisap, serta posisi bayi seperti kaki katak. Pada pemeriksaan penunjang tidak ditemukan gangguan elektrolit, fungsi ginjal normal. Observasi dilanjutkan untuk menyingkirkan diferensial diagnosis. Bayi dicurigai mengalami TNMG dihari kelima perawatan berdasarkan diagnosis ekslusi dan riwayat ibu dengan MG. Riwayat MG yang positif pada ibu terkait dengan pemeriksaan fisik sugestif cukup untuk membuat diagnosis TNMG.
Simpulan: Dengan diagnosis yang cepat dan penatalaksanaan yang tepat, sebagian besar bayi baru lahir mengalami remisi spontan setelah beberapa minggu sampai bulan.
Large facial malignant tumor defect reconstruction using keystone flap: a case report
Authors: Tillasman Natassya S. , Prananda Arya T. , Buchari Frank B.
Published: September 2024

Background: Facial defects resulting from a large malignant tumor excision are often too extensive for primary closure, necessitating the use of skin flaps or grafts. The challenge is particularly pronounced when the defects occur in the facial region. Deciding how to reconstruct facial defects involves considering various factors, with aesthetics taking precedence over other body parts. The preferred method for closing these defects is ideally by transposing local tissues with similar qualities, especially in cases where primary closure is not feasible due to the size of the defect.
Case presentation:  A case report study of a 60-years-old female patient referred to H. Adam Malik Hospital and underwent excision of malignant tumor and left with large defect on the right cheek and 2/3 upper & 1/3 lower vermillion. Skin flap techniques, such as the advancement flap, rotation flap, and transposition flap, are useful for closing small defects. When dealing with moderate to large-sized defects, especially in high-tension areas, a combination of flap types may be necessary. Over the past two decades, pedicled perforator flaps, notably the keystone flap design, have gained popularity as a viable option. Understanding facial aesthetic units, subunits, and factors influencing incision/scar placement is crucial for clinicians aiming to achieve the most cosmetically pleasing outcome.
Conclusions: The presented case details the successful closure of a sizable cheek defect post squamous cell carcinoma excision surgery, achieved through the utilization of a KPIF Type IIA. Patient showed good flap survival.
Intradermal injection of platelet-rich plasma for periorbital wrinkles: A review
Authors: Koeswanto Elissa , Winaya Ketut Kwartantaya
Published: September 2024

Background: Intradermal injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a non-surgical cosmetic procedure that can restore pathologies such as wrinkles in the periorbital area. Over the past decade, this new treatment has gained worldwide acceptance. We aimed to narratively review the effect of intradermal injection of PRP on the improvement of periorbital wrinkles.
Methods: This was a narrative review evaluating PRP treatment of periorbital wrinkles. Literature searching was performed using the keywords (platelet-rich plasma) AND (periorbital wrinkle) to obtain eligible articles. The literature search was performed in the PubMed database. The findings in the included articles were reviewed and described narratively.
Results: Eight studies treating 83 patients (100% female, age range 26-65) were included. PRP treatment of periorbital wrinkles resulted in objective improvement, increased subjective satisfaction scores, and a blinded evaluation of skin appearance renewal. Future studies need to address the limitations of the current literature and include long-term follow-up, randomized controlled trials with low risk of bias and absence of conflicts of interest or industry sponsors.
Conclusion: Objective and subjective assessments show that this treatment is promising for the prevention of periorbital wrinkles
Supplementation of hydrolyzed collagen to the aging process of the skin: A review
Authors: Yudisita Jendra Putu Putrinewa , Sundari Luh Putu Ratna , Praharsini I Gusti Ayu Agung
Published: September 2024

Background: The aging of the skin has emerged as a significant concern, not only among older individuals but also among the younger population, given the increasing trend of longevity. Consequently, there has been a notable rise in the utilization of dietary supplements in recent years. Furthermore, a substantial body of scientific research suggests that the inclusion of hydrolyzed collagen in supplementation can play a significant role in mitigating the visible signs of skin aging. The primary aim of this study is to compile and present a comprehensive summary of the existing evidence pertaining to the effects of hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on human skin.
Methods: This study conducted a narrative review to assess the efficacy of collagen administration in addressing skin aging. The literature search employed the keywords (collagen) AND (skin aging) to identify relevant articles, and the search was conducted on the PubMed database. The included articles' findings were systematically reviewed and presented in a narrative format to provide an overview of the current understanding of collagen supplementation in relation to its impact on skin aging.
Results: We included fourteen articles in this review based on the eligibility criteria. Skin hydration was higher in most of the studies that favored collagen compared to placebo. Ten of 14 articles reported higher skin elasticity following collagen administration. There were six articles assessing skin roughness between both groups and all of them reported lesser skin roughness in the collagen group.
Conclusion: Hydrolyzed collagen can delay and improve the signs of skin aging by improving skin hydration and elasticity, and reducing skin roughness.
Risk factors in perioperative anesthesia management in multiple thyroid nodule surgery
Authors: Steven Steven
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Thyroid nodules are the most common endocrine disorders (endocrine neoplasms). Conducting regular physical examinations in risk factors of thyroid nodules is essential. This case report aims to describe how multiple thyroid nodules could be why muscle relaxant administration was repeated in this patient in a short time.
Case Presentation: A 39 years old female, with clinical complaints of a lump in her neck. Right colli anterior region, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) gives a result the impression of cytomorphological picture is suspicious for papillary thyroid carcinoma. And the thyroid ultrasound examination results found the Impression of Single solid nodule with calcification on the right thyroid, multiple cystic nodules on the left thyroid, and bilateral multiple non-specific colli lymphadenopathy. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy, using General Anesthesia, with the muscle relaxant used, namely rocuronium, which was then carried out with a maintenance dose 3 times intraoperatively because the patient's spontaneous breathing returned while the operation was still in progress, after which the patient was transferred to the recovery room for post-operative monitoring.
Conclusion: Multiple thyroid nodules could be the reason why muscle relaxant (rocuronium) administration was repeated in this patient in a short time.
A rare case of fungemia by Kodamea ohmeri in a premature infant
Authors: Prabowo Jeffry , Prilandari Luh Inta , Rustawan I Nengah Tony , Tarini Ni Made Adi
Published: September 2024

Background: Kodamaea ohmeri, is part of the Saccharomycetes that commonly used in the processing of fermented foods, but this fungus can be an emergency when it comes to patients with impaired immune systems so that fungiemia, endocarditis, peritonitis can occur. Many cases have been reported in Asia, America and Europe. This case report aims to present a rare case of fungemia caused by Kodamera ohmeri in a premature infant in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Bali, Indonesia
Case presentation: The baby was born prematurely at 33 weeks of gestation because the mother had severe preeclampsia. The baby was admitted to the NICU with an initial diagnosis of sepsis, then blood cultures were taken and inoculated with sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) at 37°C for 48 hours. Microscopic examination with lactophenol cotton blue staining was carried out from slide culture for 7 days in which clustered yeast cells were found.  Culture results on Saboraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) at 37˚C for 48 hours found growth of colonies that were rough, dry, and white like ivory. Identification results using VITEK-2 compact (bioMérieux®) found Kodamea ohmeri, but no antibiotic sensitivity (AST) results. The patient was treated with fluconazole empirically for 11 days, but not routinely therefore the patient got into emergency condition and died.
Conclusion: Patient’s condition eventually worsened, possibly due to the ineffective and inappropriate use of fluconazole. The condition of premature babies, most of whom are immunocompromised, can increase the severity of the disease to sepsis and eventually death.
The effectiveness of pinhole glasses for minimizing the impact of computer vision syndrome
Authors: Suputra Putu Wira Abdi , Widarani Putu Dian Amelya Putri , Darmadi I Gusti Ayu Maha Deivy , Arini Anak Agung Istri Kosalya , Pramesemara I Gusti Ngurah
Published: September 2024

Background: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a visual impairment due to using digital devices, such as computer monitors, gadgets, tablets, and others, for a long intensity. Research has shown that precision spectral filters effectively reduce CVS symptoms by blocking blue light. Some studies also state that this lens cannot improve accommodative accuracy or reduce visual stress due to reduced light entering. Pinhole glasses can be a promising intervention in minimizing the impact of CVS, especially in increasing eye acuity and eye accommodative amplitude.
Methods: We searched for articles in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and other related journal databases using specific keywords and Boolean logic. We screened all articles using inclusion criteria. The data obtained was then structured based on the problems discussed.
Result: A study showed that visual acuity in Multiple-Pinhole (MPH) glasses and visual acuity in Single-Pinhole (SPH) glasses increased significantly compared to baseline. All participants had the same or better visual acuity when wearing one type of pinhole glasses than when not using them. In addition, participants' depth of focus and accommodative amplitude showed an increase when using MPH and SPH glasses compared to baseline. All participants experienced increased accommodation when wearing both types of pinhole glasses.
Conclusion: Based on SPH and MPH, pinhole glasses have the potential to minimize the impact of CVS.
Manajemen konservatif trauma tumpul okuli komplikasi Traumatic Optic Neuropathy pada anak : laporan kasus
Authors: Sari Nila , Samosir Alexander Theodore
Published: September 2024

Background : Ocular trauma is one of ophthalmologic emergency cases, traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a vision threatening caused by either ocular or head trauma.
Case presentation : A boy, 10 years old, left eye (OS) has blury vision with suddenly, pain, redness, chemosis, edema cornea, chamber oculi anterior has deep, hyphema (+), regular iris, dilatation of pupil (+), pupil reflect (-), relative afferent pupillary defect (-), iris pigment of lens (+), fundus reflect (+), difficult evaluated papil N II. Ocular movement is well, pain movement (-), intraocular pressure with palpation ODS are normal. CT scan result has hyperdense lesion at optic disc ocular sinistra, which means papil disc optic suspected contusion. Conservative managements such as hospitalization, bedrest, methylprednisolone iv 250 mg every 6 hour during 3 days and other drugs regiment as therapy.
Conclusion : TON is a clinical diagnosis and each mechanism of the injusry could affect its management and prognosis. Ocular trauma with TON in children, corticosteroid therapy can be used.
 
Pendahuluan : Trauma mata merupakan kasus kegawatdaruratan mata, traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) mengancam penglihatan disebabkan oleh cedera okuli dan kepala.
Laporan kasus: Laki-laki, 10 tahun, mata kiri mengalami penurunan penglihatan secara mendadak disertai nyeri, merah dan bengkak setelah terkena ketapel batu. Pemeriksaan visus okuli sinistra 2/60, hematom palpebra minimal, konjungtiva kemosis, kornea edema, bilik mata depan dalam, hifema (+), iris regular, pupil dilatasi (+), refleks pupil (-) relative afferent pupillary defect (-), lensa pigmen iris (+), refleks fundus (+) papil N II sulit dievaluasi. Gerakan bola mata baik, nyeri gerak (-), palpasi tekanan intraokular ODS normal. Pemeriksaan CT scan terdapat corakan hiperdens optik disk mata kiri, kecurigaan kontusio papil saraf optik. Tatalaksana konservatif rawat inap, bedrest, pemberian metilprednisolon intravena 250 mg tiap 6 jam selama 3 hari dan obat penunjang lainnya.
Kesimpulan :  TON merupakan diagnosa klinis dan setiap pola cedera mempengaruhi prognosis dan tatalaksana. Pada kasus trauma okuli dengan TON pada anak, penggunaan kortikosteroid dapat lakukan.
Factors affecting neonatal respiratory distress syndrome at Wangaya General Hospital
Authors: Liman Claudia Natasha , Retno Putri Asterisa , Arumndari Runi , Suryawan I Wayan Bikin , Suryaningsih Putu Siska
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The neonatal period is a crucial window at the start of life. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, 10% of all newborns require early respiratory support. Neonates with respiratory distress syndrome have a fourfold increased risk of death. Multiple maternal and neonatal risk factors affect the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome. This study aims to identify the relationship between method of delivery, maternal illness, premature rupture of membrane, amniotic fluid, low birth weight, gestational age, asphyxia, gender, multiple gestation, and perinatal infections towards the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in Wangaya General Hospital.
Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study. Secondary data was collected from the medical record. The sample size was 56 neonates aged 0-28 days with respiratory distress and without. Univariate analysis using Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact test and multivariate analysis using logistic regression.
Results: Of the 114 neonates with respiratory distress, asphyxia (p < 0.001) and low birth weight (p = 0.014) were correlated with respiratory distress when analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. Maternal factors analyzed in the study did not affect the incidence of respiratory distress.
Conclusion: Neonatal factors of birth asphyxia and low birth weight increased the risk of development of respiratory distress syndrome, while maternal factors did not increase such risks. Limitations of the study include secondary data and a lack of analysis of other detrimental factors, such as the administration of antenatal corticosteroids.
Unique EPIYT motif CagA gene Helicobacter pylori Bali 01 isolate as the cause of hematemesis in a male gastric ulcer patient in Wangaya General Teaching Hospital Denpasar Bali: a case report
Authors: Nirmala Putu Ayu Divya , Bodhinatha Anak Agung Ngurah Paramacarya , Wirajangsa I Gusti Ngurah M. , Wirawan I Made Suma
Published: September 2024

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is related with a number of gastrointestinal disorders, including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. This case report aims to present an unique EPIYT motif CagA gene H. pylori Bali 01 isolate as the cause of hematemesis in a male gastric ulcer patient
Case Presentation: A 70-year-old male Balinese patient came to the hospital due to hematemesis.  Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed after stabilizing patient condition with prompt treatment and intravenous proton pump inhibitor. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a solitary giant ulcer in the gastric antrum. Gastric biopsy was performed and histopathology examination revealed a spherical-like organism, confirmed as H. pylori. Biopsy was sent to the Biomedical Laboratory at West Nusa Tenggara, Mataram, Lombok Island. Culture of biopsy and polymerase chain reaction revealed H. pylori, then named H. pylori Bali 01 isolate. Standard protocol of H. pylori eradication is conducted by administration of triple drug therapy consisting of omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin for 14 days. Patient was discharged from hospital in stable condition. Helicobacter pylori was successfully eradicated and revealed completely normal gastric antrum in reperformance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy 3 months later.
Conclusion: The EPIYA-ABD motif on this H. pylori Bali 01 isolate is distinctively unique from the EPIYT motif on the second EPIYA sequence.
Efektifitas N-asetilsistein sebagai terapi tambahan untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan upaya berhenti merokok: tinjauan pustaka
Authors: Wulandari Paradina
Published: September 2024

Background: Smoking is a major preventable cause of morbidity, disability, and premature death. When you stop smoking, nicotine withdrawal syndrome can occur, making it difficult for smokers to quit. Although smoking cessation rates are low, combining new treatments with counseling may increase success.
Methods: A literature observation study regarding the use of N-acetylcysteine ​​(NAC) for smoking cessation therapy was carried out using data from journals published in WHO, NCBI, PMC, Elsevier, Springer, Researchgate, Wiley online library, and Google Scholar.
Results: N-acetylcysteine ​​(NAC) increases intracellular glutathione levels, a key antioxidant, and modulates immune, oxidative, glutamatergic, and neurotrophic inflammatory pathways. Good as an antioxidant and plays a role in reducing oxidative stress. Administration of NAC is associated with increased glutamate levels and influences the exchange of dopamine release in the central nervous system.
Conclusion: Maintaining levels stimulates the ability of dopamine to reduce withdrawal symptoms and the desire of individuals to quit smoking.
 
Latar Belakang: Merokok merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas, disabilitas, dan kematian dini yang dapat dicegah. Ketika berhenti merokok, dapat terjadi sindrom putus nikotin, sehingga membuat perokok sulit untuk berhenti. Meskipun tingkat berhenti merokok rendah, menggabungkan pengobatan baru dengan konseling dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan.
Metode: Studi tinjauan pustaka berkaitan dengan penggunaan N-asetilsistein(NAC) untuk terapi upaya berhenti merokok dilakukan dengan menggunakan data dari jurnal yang dipublikasikan di WHO, NCBI, PMC, Elsevier, Springer, Researchgate, Wiley online library, dan Google Scholar.
Hasil: N-asetilsistein (NAC) meningkatkan kadar glutathione intraseluler, antioksidan utama, dan memodulasi jalur inflamasi imun, oksidatif, glutamatergik, dan neurotropik. Baik sebagai antioksidan dan berperan dalam mengurangi stres oksidatif. Pemberian NAC berhubungan dengan peningkatan kadar glutamat dan mempengaruhi pertukaran pelepasan dopamin di sistem saraf pusat.
Simpulan: Mempertahankan tingkat dopamin merangsang kemampuan untuk mengurangi gejala penarikan diri dan keinginan individu yang berkeinginan berhenti merokok.
Tinjauan sistematis faktor risiko kejadian batu ginjal asam urat
Authors: Hananto Geovan , Setiadi Antonius
Published: September 2024

Background: Uric acid nephrolithiasis is a form of kidney stone disease due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the kidneys. High prevalence of uric acid nephrolithiasis might be associated with medical conditions, such as hyperuricemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Dietary factors are also often associated with uric acid nephrolithiasis incidence. This systematic review is aimed to determine the risk factors associated with uric acid nephrolithiasis incidence.
Methods: PRISMA guidelines are applied in this systematic review, which began by identifying research articles in ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, and BioMed Central during January-June 2024 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results:  According to the analysis result, it was obtained 15 articles were published in 2014 – 2024 that discussed uric acid nephrolithiasis, gout, diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome, age, gender, and dietary.
Conclusion: According to the findings, middle-aged or older male (aged ≥ 36) with medical conditions such as metabolic disorder, gout, diabetes, and hyperuricemia are more likely to have a higher risk in uric acid nephrolithiasis incidence, compared to females. Dietary with high sugar (fructose and glucose), salt, and high inflammatory property intakes in both male and female also increases the risk of uric acid nephrolithiasis.
 
Latar Belakang: Batu ginjal (nefrolitiasis) asam urat merupakan salah satu batu ginjal yang disebabkan akumulasi kristal asam urat di dalam ginjal. Tingginya prevalensi dari batu ginjal  asam urat kemungkinan berkaitan dengan kondisi medis seperti hiperurisemia, diabetes mellitus, hipertensi, obesitas, dan sindrom metabolik. Faktor makanan juga sering dikaitkan dengan terjadinya  batu ginjal asam urat, namun penyebab yang  pasti belum diketahui dengan jelas. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berkaitan dengan terjadinya batu ginjal  asam urat.
Metode: PRISMA digunakan dalam tinjauan sistematis ini, dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi artikel di ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, dan BioMed Central selama periode Januari-Juni 2024 berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi.
Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis, didapatkan 15 artikel terbitan tahun 2014 – 2024 yang membahas nefrolitiasis asam urat, gout, diabetes mellitus, hiperurisemia, sindrom metabolik, usia, jenis kelamin, dan diet.
Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pria dengan usia menengah ke atas (≥ 36 tahun) dan memiliki kondisi medis seperti gangguan metabolik, gout, diabetes, dan hiperurisemia memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya nefrolitiasis asam urat, dibandingkan dengan wanita. Diet dengan asupan tinggi gula (fruktosa dan glukosa), garam, dan kejadian inflamasi yang tinggi pada pria dan wanita meningkatkan risiko terjadinya batu ginjal asam urat.
Intraventricular hemorrhage secondary to ruptured arteriovenous malformation: A case report
Authors: Goey Magdalena Rusady , Suwarba I Gusti Ngurah Made , Mahalini Dewi Sutriani
Published: September 2024

Introduction: An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a lesion in which the feeding artery and the draining vein are connected by a coiled, tortuous vascular link. This nidus is where arteriovenous shunting occurs. While pediatric AVM is uncommon, there has been evidence of possible impairments and an increased risk of hemorrhage. This study aimed to elaborate on a rare case of pediatric arteriovenous malformation with intraventricular hemorrhage.
Case report: A male patient, fifteen years of age, was referred from P hospital due to a severe headache that was accompanied by nausea and vomiting two days prior to hospital admission. Chief Computed Tomography Digitizing and Angiographic Images In the left lateral ventricle, the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, the third ventricle, and the left pericallosal area AVM (Spletzer Martin grading: 2), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and moderate cerebral edema were all seen during an angiography. AVM was managed conservatively with head positioning 30o, analgesics, and ranitidine. Phenytoin was given as a precaution for seizure in intracerebral hemorrhage. The headache improved gradually during the hospital stay. Upon follow-up at the outpatient clinic, headache and other neurological symptoms were absent, and the patient had typical vital signs.
Conclusion: AVM rupture can cause IVH that occurs more often in young patients. Management of pediatric AVM requires discussion among pediatric neurologists, neurosurgeons, and interventional radiologists to decide the best care for the patient. AVM patients who received conservative treatment had a higher risk of bleeding and, therefore, required routine monitoring.
Dry needling as adjuvant therapy for post-operative pain: a systematic review of randomized clinical trial
Authors: Wicaksana Made Agastia , Amita Luh Nyoman Mas , Widyastuti Ketut
Published: September 2024

The prolonged post-operative pain often associated with myofascial trigger point which also contribute to reduction of range of motion (ROM). State Boards of Physical Therapy defined dry needling as an ‘intramuscular procedure involving the isolated treatment of myofascial (muscle) trigger point. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine if the addition dry needling to a rehabilitation protocol is more effective in reducing pain levels and improving prognosis of the post-operative patient of extremity when compared to a rehabilitation protocol alone based on current study evidence. Three electronic databases were used; PubMed, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest. Studies included were randomized clinical studies that written in English and published from last 10 years (2014). Post operative patient, any type of extremity surgery, any sex, any age, getting rehabilitation procedure with or without dry needling. Data collection was conducted using standard agreed form by two independent reviewers. The risk of bias and quality were assessed using Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2). Three studies were selected for this systematic review, include total of 103 patients. Two of selected studies had some concern, and one study were deemed to have high risk of bias. Overall both group shown reduced pain levels, and improvement of other criteria (ROM, functionality, activity of daily living) over time, with dry needling on top of rehabilitation protocol have advantage in prognosis of the patient. Looking at the data collected, although there is still a lot of bias in this review. Even though there was no evidence of superiority in reducing the pain level, we support dry needling as the adjuvant therapy for post-operative pain (extremity surgery) alongside with physical therapy rehabilitation protocol because the procedure has better prognosis than physical therapy rehabilitation protocol alone (ROM, functionality, activity of daily living).
Administration of arabica coffee green bean extract (Coffea arabica L.) reduces tumor necrosis factor-α levels and increases superoxide dismutase levels in excessive physical exercise male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Subagiantara Putu Ayu Ditha Krisnadewi , Widianti I Gusti Ayu , Widhiartini Ida Ayu Alit , Griadhi I Putu Adiartha , Iswari Ida Sri , Darwinata Agus Eka
Published: September 2024

Background: Green Arabica coffee bean water extract contains phenolic acid, polyphenols, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid, which are responsible for health benefits including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Excessive exercise induces oxidative stress. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) may be modified by routine administration of green Arabica coffee bean water extract at the appropriate concentration. Thus, the study aimed to determine the effect of green Arabica coffee bean water extract on TNF-α and SOD levels after excessive physical exercise treatment in a male Wistar rat.Methods: This research used a posttest-only control group design method. Subjects were Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, 2-3 months old, weighing 150-200 grams. The P0 group was not given treatment. Groups P1, P2, P3, and P4 were given excessive physical exercise. Group P1 was given distilled water. Groups P2, P3, and P4 were given Arabica coffee bean extract at 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Phytochemical was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) spectrophotometry method for caffeine, but phenolic acid and polyphenol were standardized to gallic acid (GA). Antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method. TNF-α and SOD levels were determined by ELISA methods. Differences among groups were tested with one-way ANOVA and least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test at p < 0.001.Results: One-way ANOVA test showed differences in TNF-α levels (F = 6,388.964; p < 0.001). The LSD post hoc test showed that TNF-α levels in the P1 (159.640 ± 0.167) were higher compared to the P0 (151.720 ± 0.303) (p < 0.001). The levels of TNF-α in P2 (139.680 ± 0.303) were lower than in P1 (p < 0.001). However, TNF-α levels in P3 (161.680 ± 0.084) and P4 (163.750 ± 0.412) were higher than in P1. One-way ANOVA test showed that there were differences in SOD levels (F = 5,564.526; p = 0.003). The LSD post hoc test showed that SOD levels in the P1 (0.742 ± 0.009) were lower than those in the P0 (1.448 ± 0.022) (p < 0.001). The levels of SOD in P2 (1.668 ± 0.026) were higher than in P1 (p < 0.001). However, SOD levels in P3 (0.680 ± 0.003) and P4 (0.591 ± 0.010) were lower than in P1.Conclusion: Administration of Arabica coffee green bean extract prevents an increase in TNF-α levels and decreases SOD levels in excessive physical exercise male Wistar rats.
Mengenal Etika dalam Perspektif Filsafat Islam
Authors: Alkhadafi Rahmad
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this paper is to recognize ethics in the perspective of Islamic philosophy. This research uses qualitative techniques based on a literature search. The research concludes that the formulation of ethics in Islam was done by various thinkers from various branches of knowledge, including theologians, mystics, and philosophers. The contributions of these multiple disciplines show how rich and complex the tradition of ethics in Islam is, with each branch of thought offering a unique perspective on developing a framework in Islamic ethics. The shortcoming of this study is that it discusses ethics in the perspective of Islamic philosophy in outline. In future research, this study suggests going deeper into the literature of Islamic ethics specifically on the thought of Muslim philosophers so that future studies of Islamic philosophy are not limited to topics such as the metaphysics of divinity, the creation of nature, and logic. Furthermore, by giving more attention to the study of ethics in Islam, the study of Islamic philosophy has the potential to open a space for dialogue with contemporary moral issues.
Globalisasi, Pasca-Sekularisme, dan Pergeseran Batas-Batas Sakral
Authors: Arnel Iskandar , Haq Mochamad Ziaul , Haqq Muhammad Valiyyul
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is not to close the dots through the imposition of a single understanding. The author simply wants to highlight significant points of ‘contestation’ in the way we understand or even blur the boundaries between the religious and the political. This research uses a qualitative method that is based on a literature study. We conclude that there are multiple and sometimes competing understandings of terms such as religion, secularism, secularisation and post-secular that shape and are shaped by discussions about the relationship between religion, politics and public life. For future researchers, we suggest exploring the correlation between religion, politics and the public sphere more specifically in order to create a paradigm that does not corner one another so that there is no overlap in understanding these three elements.
Analisis Thibaq dalam Surah al-Ahzab
Authors: Nurdin Aldi , Komarudin Edi , Taufik Wildan
Published: September 2024

This research aims to reveal and analyze the phenomenon of Thibaq contained in Surah al-Ahzab and to decipher the meaning of the verses contained in Thibaq. This research is a type of qualitative research with data collection techniques based on literature study. The research results show that there are two types of Thibaq in surah al-Ahzab, namely Thibaq ijab and Thibaq salb, where Thibaq ijab is found in 7 verses while Thibaq salb is found in 1 verse. In surah al-Ahzab there are 8 verses that contain Thibaq elements.
Stance-taking in American courtroom interaction from the dual perspectives of language and gesture
Authors: Wang Min
Published: September 2024

School of Languages and Communication Studies Beijing Jiaotong University China Awarding Institution:  Renmin University of China, ChinaDate of Award: 4 January 2024
Determining the influence of façade parameters and the width of a fire-proof eaves on preventing the spread of fire through external vertical structures of buildings
Authors: Kagitin Oleksandr , Veselivskyi Roman , Havrys Andrii , Ballo Yaroslav , Yakovchuk Roman , Kovalyshyn Bohdan
Published: September 2024

The object of this study is the process of fire propagation through the surface of external wall structures with facade thermal insulation. The paper examines the influence of facade parameters and the width of a fire-proof eaves on preventing the spread of fire by external vertical structures using the example of a residential building. With the use of FDS modeling, the relationships between the parameters of external enclosing structures and the fire-proof eaves on the processes of limiting the spread of fire were investigated. The influence of the minimum parameters of the height of the inter-floor windowsill in the absence of a fire-proof eaves on the spread of fire was determined. The dependence of temperature change near the surface of the facade on the width of the fire-proof eaves and the height of the window between floors was established.
Based on a series of simulated experiments, it was established that with a height of 1.0 m between floors and the absence of a fire-proof eaves, the critical temperature value is 250 °C. This value corresponds to the destruction temperature of a standard metal-plastic window structure. For the case when the wall height is 1.0 m, and the width of the fire-proof eaves is 0.75 m, the temperature value is 180 °C. That is, the safety condition of 250 °C is met.
Based on the research, a dependence was found on the criterion of not exceeding the critical temperature of 250 °C at the level of 1.4 m of the facade of the building floor located above the fire floor. The criterion holds when the width of a fire-proof eaves is at least 0.4 m and the height of the window partition is 1.0 m, as well as when the width of the eaves is 0.5 m, and the height of the window partition is 0.6 m.
It was established that the height of a window interfloor partition has a smaller effect than the width of the fire-proof eaves that separates the floors that are located above
Designing a helical knife for a shredding drum using a sweep surface
Authors: Pylypaka Serhii , Hropost Vyacheslav , Nesvidomin Viktor , Volina Tetiana , Kalenyk Mykhailo , Volokha Mykola , Zalevska Olha , Shuliak Ivan , Dieniezhnikov Serhii , Motsak Svetlana
Published: September 2024

The object of this paper is a helical blade in a shredding drum from a sweep surface. Such drums are used in harvesters for crushing plant mass. If the flat blades are installed on the drum, cutting of the plant mass occurs simultaneously along the entire length of the blade. This could cause a pulsating dynamic load. If a flat knife with a straight blade is installed at an angle to the axis of the drum, then the distances from it to the points of the blade will be different, as well as the cutting conditions along the blade. The elliptical shape enables the same distance from the axis of rotation to the points of the blade, but this does not solve the problem. Many short flat knives with a straight blade can be mounted on the drum, placing them in such a way that the time between the individual knives is minimized. However, all these disadvantages can be eliminated by a helical knife with a blade in the form of a helical line.
The design of a helical knife from an unfolding helicoid has been considered. In differential geometry, the bending of unfolded surfaces of zero thickness is considered. Bending of the workpiece into a finished product occurs with minimal plastic deformations, the magnitude of which depends on the thickness of the workpiece sheet. The methods of differential geometry of unfolding surfaces were applied to the analytical description of the surface of the helical knife.
The parametric equations of the unfolding helicoid were derived according to the given structural parameters of the knife in space and on the plane. That has made it possible to mathematically describe the contour lines that cut the knife from the surface and on its sweep. Formulae for calculating a flat workpiece through the structural parameters of the knife have been derived. Thus, with the specified structural parameters of the knife R=0.25 m, τ=20°, φ=65°, according to the resulting formula, we find the radius of the knife blade on a flat workpiece: R0=4.8 m.
Development of lentil malt production technology using plasma-chemically activated aqueous solutions
Authors: Kovalova Olena , Vasylieva Natalia , Zhulinska Oksana , Balandina Iryna , Zhukova Liubov , Bezpal'ko Valentyna , Horiainova Viktoriia , Trybrat Ruslan , Zazymko Oleksandr , Barkar Yevhen
Published: September 2024

The result of the implemented research is the development of a technology for sprouted lentil (lentil malt) production using cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions. The object of the study was lentil grain. The main technological task is to obtain high-quality lentil malt suitable for producing gluten-free beer and highly nutritious foods. The rationality of using cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions as an intensifier of lentil grain germination process and high-quality lentil malt disinfectant is experimentally proven. It is confirmed that using cold plasma-treated aqueous solutions can accelerate the process of lentil bean moistening by 2 times. The germination indicators of lentils also experienced positive changes, with germination energy increased by 8–16 %, germination capacity by 3–10 %, and sprout length by 12–29 %. An analysis of the amino acid composition of lentil grain and lentil malt was carried out. Thus, the experimental samples had an increased content of amino acids: non-essential by 2.7 %, essential by 3.6 %. There was also an increase in the content of B vitamins (B1, B2, B5, B9), as well as PP and C, which indicates an increased biological value of lentil malt obtained by the presented technologies. In addition, the work noted the steady antiseptic properties of activated aqueous solutions in relation to lentil malt.
The intensive technology of obtaining lentil malt can be implemented in the industrial production of malt for the brewing industry. In addition, sprouted lentil beans have health-improving properties and can be used in the production of functional products. The presented technology of lentil bean malting will be in demand in the production of highly nutritious and healthy grain products and fermented beverages