bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Streptococcus canis prevalence on the normal and abnormal ocular surface of dogs referred for ophthalmic disease in Canada
Authors: Cloet Allyssa , da Silva Arthur Nery , Facioli Fernanda Luiza , Levitt Shayna , Sandmeyer Lynne Sheila , de Oliveira Costa Matheus , Leis Marina Laetitia
Published: April 2023

Streptococcus canisis a beta-haemolytic, Gram-positive cocci commonly identified on the canine ocular surface under both healthy and diseased conditions. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence ofS. canison the normal and abnormal ocular surface of a canine ophthalmology referral population in Canada, and to investigate potential clinical aspects that may be associated with its presence. Included were 59 dogs (118 eyes) with unilateral or bilateral ocular disease diagnosed at the time of conjunctival sampling. A real-time PCR specific forS. caniswas standardized for use with conjunctival swabs. Total DNA was extracted from 118 samples and used as template for the diagnostic assay. Samples were considered positive if amplification was detected and dissociation temperature matched a positive control. Signalment and other clinical data were also collected at the time of sampling. Of the 118 eyes sampled, 8 tested positive forS. canis(6.8%). No association between the detection ofS. canisand breed, cephalic conformation, sex, age, use of ophthalmic antibiotics or other topical medications, ophthalmic diagnosis, use of systemic antibiotics or other systemic medications, or systemic diagnosis was identified. In conclusion,S. canismay be present on the ocular surface of dogs at a higher rate than previously reported. It is suggested that this may be linked to the use of PCR for pathogen detection instead of culture.
Identification of key biomarkers associated with immune cells infiltration for myocardial injury in dermatomyositis by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhang Yue , Shan Linwei , Li Dongyu , Tang Yinghong , Qian Wei , Dai Jiayi , Du Mengdi , Sun Xiaoxuan , Zhu Yinsu , Wang Qiang , Zhou Lei
Published: April 2023

Background

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an acquired autoimmune disease that can cause damage to various organs, including the heart muscle. However, the mechanisms underlying myocardial injury in DM are not yet fully understood.

Methods

In this study, we utilized publicly available datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify hub-genes that are enriched in the immune system process in DM and myocarditis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI), and gene ontology (GO) analysis were employed to identify these hub-genes. We then used the CIBERSORT method to analyze immune cell infiltration in skeletal muscle specimens of DM and myocardium specimens of myocarditis respectively. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between key genes and infiltrating immune cells. Finally, we predicted regulatory miRNAs of hub-genes through miRNet and validated their expression in online datasets and clinical samples.

Results

Using integrated bioinformatics analysis, we identified 10 and 5 hub-genes that were enriched in the immune system process in the database of DM and myocarditis respectively. The subsequent intersections between hub-genes were IFIT3, OAS3, ISG15, and RSAD2. We found M2 macrophages increased in DM and myocarditis compared to the healthy control, associating with the expression of IFIT3, OAS3, ISG15, and RSAD2 in DM and myocarditis positively. Gene function enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that IFIT3, OAS3, ISG15, and RSAD2 were mainly enriched in type I interferon (IFN) signaling pathway, cellular response to type I interferon, and response to type I interferon. Finally, we verified that the expression of miR-146a-5p was significantly higher in the DM with myocardial injury than those without myocardial injury (p = 0.0009).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that IFIT3, OAS3, ISG15, and RSAD2 may play crucial roles in the underlying mechanism of myocardial injury in DM. Serum miR-146a-5p could be a potential biomarker for myocardial injury in DM.
Identification of mutations that causes glucose-6-phosphate transporter defect in tunisian patients with glycogenosis type 1b
Authors: Chkioua Latifa , Amri Yessine , Sahli Chayma , Rhouma Ferdawes Ben , Chehida Amel Ben , Tebib Neji , Messaoud Taieb , Abdennebi Hassen Ben , Laradi Sandrine
Published: April 2023

Background

Glycogen storage disease type 1b (GSD1b) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by defective glucose-6-phosphate transporter encoded by SLC37A4 leading to the accumulation of glycogen in various tissues. The high rate of consanguineous marriages in Tunisian population provides an ideal environment to facilitate the identification of homozygous pathogenic mutations. We aimed to determine the clinical and genetic profiles of patients with GSD1b to evaluate SLC37A4 mutations spectrum in Tunisian patients.

Methods

All exons and flanking intron regions of SLC37A4 gene were screened by direct sequencing to identify mutations and polymorphisms in three unrelated families with GSD1b. Bioinformatics tools were then used to predict the impacts of identified mutations on the structure and function of protein in order to propose a function-structure relationship of the G6PT1 protein.

Results

Three patients (MT, MB and SI) in Families I, II and III who had the severe phenotype were homoallelic for the two identified mutations: p.R300H (famillies I, II) and p.W393X (Family III), respectively. One of the alterations was a missense mutation p.R300H of exon 6 in SLC37A4 gene. The analysis of the protein structure flexibility upon p.R300H mutation using DynaMut tool and CABS-flex 2.0 server showed that the reported mutation increase the molecule flexibility of in the cytosol region and would probably lead to significant conformational changes.

Conclusion

This is the first Tunisian report of SLC37A4 mutations identified in Tunisia causing the glycogenosis type Ib disease. Bioinformatics analysis allowed us to establish an approximate structure-function relationship for the G6PT1 protein, thereby providing better genotype/phenotype correlation knowledge.
The role of wnt signaling in diabetes-induced osteoporosis
Authors: Bao Kairan , Jiao Yinghua , Xing Lei , Zhang Fang , Tian Faming
Published: April 2023

Osteoporosis, a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, is characterized by a reduction in bone mass, destruction of bone microarchitecture, decreased bone strength, and increased bone fragility. Because of its insidious onset, osteoporosis renders patients highly susceptible to pathological fractures, leading to increased disability and mortality rates. However, the specific pathogenesis of osteoporosis induced by chronic hyperglycemia has not yet been fully elucidated. But it is currently known that the disruption of Wnt signaling triggered by chronic hyperglycemia is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic osteoporosis. There are two main types of Wnt signaling pathways, the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (β-catenin-dependent) and the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway (non-β-catenin-dependent), both of which play an important role in regulating the balance between bone formation and bone resorption. Therefore, this review systematically describes the effects of abnormal Wnt pathway signaling on bone homeostasis under hyperglycemia, hoping to reveal the relationship between Wnt signaling and diabetic osteoporosis to further improve understanding of this disease.
Newton’s second law as limit of variational problems
Authors: Percivale Danilo , Mainini Edoardo
Published: April 2023

We show that the solution of Cauchy problem for the classical ODE $m \mathbf {y}''=\mathbf {f}$
m

y
″

=
f
can be obtained as the limit of minimizers of exponentially weighted convex variational integrals. This complements the known results about weighted inertia-energy approach to Lagrangian mechanics and hyperbolic equations.
Load balancing scheduling mechanism for OpenStack and Docker integration
Authors: Qian Jiarui , Wang Yong , Wang Xiaoxue , Zhang Peng , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: April 2023

With the development of cloud-edge collaborative computing, cloud computing has become crucial in data analysis and data processing. OpenStack and Docker are important components of cloud computing, and the integration of the two has always attracted widespread attention in industry. The scheduling mechanism adopted by the existing fusion solution uses a uniform resource weight for all containers, and the computing nodes resources on the cloud platform is unbalanced under differentiated resource requirements of the containers. Therefore, considering different network communication qualities, a load-balancing Docker scheduling mechanism based on OpenStack is proposed to meet the needs of various resources (CPU, memory, disk, and bandwidth) of containers. This mechanism uses the precise limitation strategy for container resources and a centralized strategy for container resources as the scheduling basis, and it generates exclusive weights for containers through a filtering stage, a weighing stage based on weight adaptation, and a non-uniform memory access (NUMA) lean stage. The experimental results show that, compared with Nova-docker and Yun, the proposed mechanism reduces the resource load imbalance within a node by 57.35% and 59.00% on average, and the average imbalance between nodes is reduced by 53.53% and 50.90%. This mechanism can also achieve better load balancing without regard to bandwidth.
Moved by Another Life: Altered Sentience and Historical Poiesis in the Peyote Craze
Authors: Boulette Sylvie
Published: April 2023

This article follows the transsensory pathways opened by peyote, a mood-altering entheogen, as it diffused among Native peoples living under and along the edges of colonial occupation around the turn of the twentieth century. It traces that movement through the pulsions of temporal and sensorial animacy created in the episodic narration of The Autobiography of a Winnebago Indian (1920), the life story of a Ho-Chunk man named Sam Blowsnake. Apprehended by settler governance as a “craze,” anti-assimilationist currents of the Peyote movement met with intensifying attempts to constrain the biochemical flux of “intoxication” through Native bodies. Modern campaigns against “peyote worship” mounted by government agents, progressive reformers, and sensationalist press in the early twentieth century exploited scripts of revulsion and prurient fascination to target the border-crossing “mind poison” for prohibition. Just beneath the scenes of psychotoxicity and sexual disorder projected by the antinarcotic imaginary of the craze, this article posits, there ran an ongoing struggle over the restrictive capacitation of property and personhood within the settler-capitalist regime of allotment. Against the norms enforced by that policy, in peyote meetings the alteration of sentience could unbind the day-to-day reproduction of property-bearing personhood. Lines of collective transport opening from the passage of ecstasy thus composed a historical moment in refusal of allotment drives for schizochronic individuation.
The Health Impacts of Hospital Delivery Practices
Authors: Card David , Fenizia Alessandra , Silver David
Published: April 2023

Treatment practices vary widely across hospitals, often with little connection to patients’ medical needs. We assess impacts of these differences in delivery practices at childbirth. We find that infants quasi-randomly delivered at hospitals with higher C-section rates are born in better shape and are less likely to be readmitted, with suggestive evidence of improved survival. These benefits are driven by avoidance of prolonged labors that pose risks to infant health. In contrast, these infants are more likely to visit the emergency department for respiratory-related problems, consistent with a large observational literature linking C-section to chronic reductions in respiratory health. (JEL I11, I12, J13, J16)
Strengthening Food Security Reduces The Anemic Status of Pregnant Women and Encourages Breastfeeding Immediately after Delivery in the Coastal Area of Central Tapanuli
Authors: Sudaryati Etti , Zuska Fikarwin , Masthalina Herta
Published: April 2023

According to WHO and UNICEF recommendations, one way to prevent stunting is exclusive breastfeeding until the baby is six months old. The aim of the study was to strengthen family food security through local food and nutrition literacy using behavior-based nutrition education methods (social cognitive theory). Action research is the method used, and the participants are pregnant women who moderately work as housewives, originate from food-insecure families, and have family incomes below the regional minimum wage of 30 people. Prior to the intervention, the consumption of pregnant women was measured using a 24-hour food recall and measurements of haemoglobin levels. For 12 weeks, community health professionals provided home visits and face-to-face lectures for pregnant women on local food literacy and nutrition interventions. Pregnant women consumed an average of 1926.3 calories prior to the intervention; 2315.2 calories were consumed after the intervention. Before the intervention, there were 19 pregnant women with anaemia (63.3%); after the intervention, there were only 4 (13.3%). There were 20 breastfeeding mothers (66.7%) on the first day. Pregnant women's nutrient consumption and dietary diversity increased as a result of the local food literacy and nutrition intervention, which was implemented for 4 months.
Nursing care of critically ill patients with intra-aortic balloon pumps: a scoping review
Authors: Queiroz da Silva Soraia Filipa , Pica Isabel Guerreiro , Nunes Ricardo Vítor Jordão , Pontífice de Sousa Patrícia , Marques Rita
Published: April 2023

The number of indications for intra-aortic balloon pumps has increased and now includes patients with a variety of conditions requiring critical care. Nurses play a key role in the care of these patients, so this scoping review aimed to identify and describe the various aspects of this role. A total of 10 articles were included, highlighting the involvement of nursing care throughout the process, from preparation for insertion to weaning. Nurses are particularly instrumental in identifying and preventing complications, which involves monitoring the patient's haemodynamic, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal and vascular status, as well infection control measures. The extent and complexity of these nursing tasks highlights the importance of specialist training for nurses.
How a volunteer elective treatment for atrial fibrillation prompted my long-term cardiac journey
Authors: Perry Karl
Published: April 2023

In this month's patient story, in the first of four instalments, Karl Perry reflects back to the beginning of his atrial fibrillation and shares the first leg of his cardiac journey.
ECG of the month
Authors: Bloe Charles
Published: April 2023

In this issue's ECG of the month, Charles Bloe presents the case of a 58-year-old man who presented as acutely unwell, with severe chest pain, but an unremarkable electrocardiogram result.
Genetic differentiation among Batak fish populations (Neolissochilus sumatranus, Tor douronensis, and Tor soro) in North Sumatra, Indonesia revealed by RAPD markers
Authors: BARUS TERNALA ALEXANDER , WAHYUNINGSIH HESTI , SIMANJUNTAK BERTUA NOVITA , GINTING RISSA HERAWATI , BATUBARA AGUNG SETIA , HARTANTO ADRIAN
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Barus TA, Wahyuningsih H, Simanjuntak BN, Ginting RH, Batubara AS, Hartanto A. 2023. Genetic differentiation among Batak fish populations (Neolissochilus sumatranus, Tor douronensis, and Tor soro) in North Sumatra, Indonesia was revealed by RAPD markers. Biodiversitas 24: 1327-1332. Mahseer or Batak fish species within the genera of Neolissochilus and Tor are highly valued as a source of food for local communities, especially in North Sumatra. Assessment of genetic differentiation of the Batak fish population, namely Tor soro, Tor douronensis, and Neolissochilus sumatranus in the North Sumatra Rivers, has been conducted. The objective of this study was to determine the possible genetic divergence among congeneric fish and supply the genetic information for the design of conservation strategies. Fish specimens were collected from three rivers in North Sumatra Bahorok River (Langkat District), Asahan River (Toba Samosir District), and Batangtoru River (South Tapanuli District). The genetic analysis employed the Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) markers using a set of RAPD primers: OPA-2, OPA-3, OPA-6, OPA-7, OPA-9, OPA-11, and OPA-17. The amplified fragments were analyzed using the Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) 2.00 program to construct the dendrogram of relationship among accessions. The genetic similarity coefficient among species of T. soro, T. douronensis, and N. sumatranus reached 0.44-0.86, with the lowest similarity at 44%. The cluster analysis indicated that T. douronensis is more closely related to N. sumatranus than T. soro based on the grouping of accessions. There is an indication of natural hybrids occurrence between N. sumatranus and T. soro populations despite the different habitats and locations of sampling. Our study revealed that using RAPD markers may discriminate inter- and intraspecific Batak fish populations in North Sumatra.
Vertical profile of culturable bacteria from the Makassar Strait, Indonesia
Authors: SIALLAGAN ZEN LADESTAM , KRISTIANTI TATI , DWIVANY FENNY MARTHA , NUGRAHAPRAJA HUSNA , DE FRETES CHARLIE ESTER , FADLI MUHAMMAD , TRINUGROHO JOKO PEBRIANTO , RADJASA OCKY KARNA , SUSANTO R. DWI
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Siallagan ZL, Kristianti T, Dwivany FM, Nugrahapraja H, Fretes CED, Fadli M, Trinugroho JP, Radjasa OK, Susanto RD. 2023. Vertical profile of culturable bacteria from the Makassar Strait, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1356-1365. Indonesia's extensive maritime background is a rich biological and chemical diversity source. This diversity has become as source of unique chemical compounds with the potential for industrial development as enzymes, molecular probes, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutritional supplements, and agrochemicals. The present study aimed to analyze the community composition of culturable bacteria from three different layers of depth from Makassar Strait using high throughput DNA Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA. Bioinformatic analysis has rendered 140336 high-quality sequences with an average of 124127 sequences per sample and a mean read length of 428 bp. Results showed that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the two most abundant phyla. Taxonomic analysis showed that Firmicutes dominated all samples. Genus Streptomycetes and Psychrobacter occurred mainly in the culture from the surface layer. Species richness and diversity for the bacterial communities at 100 m were higher than those at 5 m and 200 m. PCA plot, NMDS plot, and UPGMA clustering demonstrated that the culturable bacterial community compositions of 100 and 200 ms were highly similar and distinct from those in 5 m. This research discovered microbes with potential as sources of marine natural products, including Streptomyces, Paenibacillus, Bacillus, Psychrobacter, Arthrobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Gemmatimonas, and Acidobacteria.
Diversity of Penaeidae at the Mengkudu Bay Waters, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: AZWAR EDI , SULARNO SULARNO , WARUWU FRANSISKUS PERIODE , TARIGAN MHD. RAFI’I MA’ARIF , ULFA SYARIFAH WIDYA , DJAINGSASTRO AULIA JUANDA
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Azwar E, Sularno, Waruwu FP, Tarigan MRM, Ulfa SW, Djaingsastro AJ. 2023. Diversity of Penaeidae at the Teluk Mengkudu Waters, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1376-1384. Microscopic animals play an important role in the growth of marine biota. Crustaceans are a marine biota group often found in waters and have high economic value. Crustaceans also have a significant role in coral reef ecosystems, contributing around 20% of all invertebrate species. Crustaceans are an important group of microbenthic fauna in coastal ecosystems, ranging from mangroves, coral reefs, and seagrass ecosystems. This present study was conducted from April to June 2022 to identify Penaeidae diversity in Teluk Mengkudu waters, Serdang Bedagai District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Furthermore, it used a purposive sampling method to harvest crustacean species near the waters. An exploratory method was applied with quantitative data collection to select Penaeidae crustaceans from the catches retrieved by fishermen. The tools used in this study were boat,  net, fiber, knife, compass, flags, camera, notebook, ice cubes, a thermometer, pH meter, and DO meter. The material used in this study was shrimp caught by fishers. Data collection techniques used interviews and documentation with fishing communities about catching crustaceans at the study site. Data analysis uses the formula diversity, evenness, knowledge richness, and dominance index. Based on the results, Penaeus indicus H.Milne Edwards, 1837 and Metapenaeus ensis (De Haan, 1844) were the two species obtained from the Penaeidae family. The evenness index for P. indicus and M. ensis was respectively highest in June (0.237 and 0.519) but lowest in May (0.203 and 0.510)  with a total value of 2.212. Also, the prominent richness index for both species was respectively highest in June (5.762 and 29.371) but lowest in May (4.568 and 27.053). The highest dominance index (D) was measured in May, where the highest D value of P. indicus was 0.003, and the lowest was 0.002. The highest D of M. ensis was discovered in June, namely 0.086, while the lowest, at 0.073, was recorded in May, and in general, both species had a total D of 0.245. Parameters of salinity, pH, temperature, substrate, and oxygen strongly influence crustacean diversity. The parameters measured in the study area included temperature (28?), salinity (20-35 ppt), DO (6.8 mg/L), and pH (6.7).
Short Communication: Polymorphism of collagen type X (COLX) gene and their association with egg production traits and egg weight in Alabio and Mojosari ducks
Authors: Kumalawati Dewi Sari , Maharani Dyah , Sari Aprilianna P. Z. N. L. , Pratomo Ganjar H , Sasongko Heru , Fathoni Akhmad , Susanti Triana
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Kumalawati DS, Maharani D, Sari APZNL, Pratomo GH, Sasongko H, Fathoni A, Susanti T. 2023. Short Communication: Polymorphism of collagen type X (COLX) gene and their association with egg production traits and egg weight in Alabio and Mojosari ducks. Biodiversitas 24: 1518-1523. Type X collagen (COLX) is non-fibrillar collagen expressed in the white isthmus of the avian oviduct and plays a role in egg formation. This study aimed to identify COLX gene polymorphism and its association with egg production and egg weight in Alabio (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) and Mojosari ducks (Anas platyrhynchos Javanicus). Blood samples of 100 female ducks were collected, and their deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted. In addition, a 220 bp fragment of COLX gene was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and sequenced for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification and genotyping. Data analysis was performed to calculate genotype and allele frequencies, and an independent sample t-test was used to examine the association between genotype and egg production and egg weight of each individual. Three genotypes (CC, TT, and CT) of SNP g.74C/T were detected in both breeds. Allele C (0.77) was dominant in Alabio population; otherwise, allele T (0.81) dominated Mojosari population. The frequency of CC (0.59) was highest in Alabio ducks, followed by CT (0.37) and TT (0.04), while TT (0.65) was highest in Mojosari ducks, followed by CT (0.33) and CC (0.02). Meanwhile, association analysis showed that ducks with CC genotype had significantly higher egg production at 28 and 34 weeks in Alabio than those with CT genotype (p<0.05). These results indicate that COLX is an effective genetic marker for a breeding program to increase egg production in Alabio ducks.
Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from sterile leaf of Acrostichum aureum from Bengkalis Island (Riau, Indonesia) and its potency for antidiabetic
Authors: LINDA TETTY MARTA , FEBRIARTI BERNADETA LENI , ZUL DELITA , SOFYANTI NERY , BERLIANSYAH AZIZUL , DELFIRA NOVIZA , DEVI SILVERA
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Linda TM, Febriarti BL, Zul D, Sofyanti N, Berliansyah A, Delfira N, Devi S. 2023. Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from sterile leaf of Acrostichum aureum from Bengkalis Island (Riau, Indonesia) and its potency for antidiabetic. Biodiversitas 24: 1580-1588. Endophytic bacteria are found in symbiotic plant tissues. These bacteria pose potential sources for the natural product due to their health benefit, e.g., for antidiabetic activity. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria isolates from the sterile leaf of sea fern (Acrostichum aureum Linn.) from Bengkalis Island (Riau Province), Indonesia. Furthermore, to investigate their potency as an antidiabetic agent. The characteristics of isolates bacteria were described based on colony morphology and biochemical tests. A total of six endophytic bacteria were isolated from the sterile leaf of Acrostichum aureum. Their characteristics vary in shape, color, and size. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids and saponin in all the isolates. The results exhibited that the extract of the sterile leaf of A. aureum also gave a similar phytochemical compound of isolate endophytic bacteria. The dendrogram constructed from morphological and biochemical characteristics showed the separation of D.SB 4.2 from other six bacteria strains due to the positive antibacterial activity for Escherichia coli ATCC35218, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, Salmonella typhi ATCC14028, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC11774. Out of six isolates, only isolate D.SB 5.2 was selected for the antidiabetic test. The isolates showed positive results on the activity as a-amylase inhibitor (18.12%). This study provides important information on endophytic bacteria isolates on A. aureum and their potency for antidiabetic agents.
Mangrove ecosystem provisioning services for the sustainability and diversity of bird species in the coastal region of Lombok Island, Indonesia
Authors: SYUKUR ABDUL , ZULKIFLI LALU , MAHRUS H.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Syukur A, Zulkifli L, Mahrus H. 2021. Mangrove ecosystem provisioning services for the sustainability and diversity of bird species in the coastal region of Lombok Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1589-1599. Ecological services offered by mangroves are imperative for various faunal species. The present study is focused on assessing the role of mangroves in the sustainability and diversity of bird species in the coastal region of Lombok Island, Indonesia. The aims of the study are (i) to describe the conservation status of bird species and (ii) to describe the value of the ecological index of birds as an indicator of mangrove conservation. The species diversity of birds is assessed by observation, whereas the quadratic transect method is used to assess mangrove vegetation structure. Data analysis has been carried out using univariate statistical analysis, namely the Shanon-Wiener index (H'), Simpson Index (d), Evenness Index (E), Richness Index (R), and linear regression analysis. The genus Rhizophora and Avicennia species have an even distribution in the study area. Rhizophora species in the study area result from revegetation, whereas Avicennia species grow naturally. Altogether, a total of 19 bird species have been observed in the present study. Of these, eight species have a limited distribution, four bird species are Near Threatened (NT), and others are Least Concern (LC) concerning their conservation status. The estimated Diversity Index (H') is ranged between 3.09-3.67, whereas Evenness (E) and Richness (R) index are ranged between 0.72-0.85 and 7.09-10.33, respectively. The ecological index value shows that the research locations have high species diversity and richness, and species are evenly distributed across the sites. Therefore, the value of the index of bird ecology and the distribution of bird species are indicators of mangrove supply services for the preservation of birds at the study site. The study concluded that the diversity of ecological indices and the conservation status of birds are important information for the success of mangrove conservation through revegetation at the study site. However, a comprehensive study is needed on the functional relationship of mangrove supply services with the diversity of bird species to obtain validity and rehabilitation as conservation indicators.
Spontaneously growing plants on revegetation sites of former coal mine in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia
Authors: SOENDJOTO MOCHAMAD ARIEF , RIEFANI MAULANA KHALID , TRIWIBOWO DIDIK , WAHYUDI FAZLUL , CHOIRUN DODIK , PERDANA YUDHA PAHING
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Soendjoto MA, Riefani MK, Triwibowo D, Wahyudi F, Choirun D, Perdana YP. 2023. Spontaneously growing plants on revegetation sites of former coal mine in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1610-1620. Plants that grow and develop on the revegetation sites of post-coal mining are not only plant species that are intentionally planted, but also those that grow spontaneously. The aim of the research was to inventory plant species that grow spontaneously on revegetation sites of former coal mine sites in South Kalimantan Province and to analyze their presence mechanism and maintenance practices. Vegetation sampling was conducted on the plots established along the path with the size of each plot was 2 x 2 m2. All plants herbs (except grasses) and seedlings (shrubs, bushes, lianas and trees) within the plots were recorded and the vegetation composition was analyzed using Important Value Index as the parameter. Vegetation was monitored for 5 periods from 2018 to 2022 at the revegetation sites of two different planting years, i.e. 2016 and 2017. At Site-2016, 60 species belonging to 22 plant families were found and 71.67% of them grew spontaneously, while at Site-2017 there were 58 species belonging to 22 plant families and 70.69% of them were plants that grew spontaneously. Spontaneously growing species varied not only by location, but also by monitoring period. They are present at revegetation sites through seed dispersal mechanisms facilitated by natural activities (such as animals, wind, and water) as well as human activities. There are several management practices to facilitate vegetation succession, one of which is through spraying herbicides of weeds and invasive understorey species.
Morphological characters, phenolic and flavonoid contents of Vitex trifolia accessions from Lamongan District, Indonesia
Authors: NISA AFIFATUN , KURNIAWATI ANI , FARIDAH DIDAH NUR
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Nisa A, Kurniawati A, Faridah DN. 2023. Morphological characters, phenolic and flavonoid contents of Vitex trifolia accessions from LamonganDistrict, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1635-1641. Indonesia is a country with high biodiversity. Legundi (Vitex trifolia L.) is one of the plant species that has long been used as a raw material for traditional herbal medicine. This study aims to determine the morphological, agronomic, leaf production, and total phenolic and total flavonoid content of the V. trifolia accession from Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Morphological and agronomic characterizations were observed using qualitative and quantitative parameters. The colorimetric method determined the total phenolic and flavonoid content in V. trifolia extract. The results showed differences in morphological and agronomic characters between accessions. The Bluluk accession had the highest leaf production that did not differ from the Pucuk, Sekaran, and Kedumpring accessions, while the Modo accession had the lowest. There was no difference in total phenol and flavonoid content between accessions. Leaves had the highest total phenolic content (3210.57 GAE mg/100 g dry powder), followed by twigs (1331.98 GAE mg/100 g dry powder) and fruit (973.77 GAE mg/100 g dry powder). Leave also contained the highest flavonoid content (1792.90 QE mg/100 g dry powder).The highest phenolic and flavonoid content in the leaves of V. trifoliamay support its use in traditional medicine.
Diversity and abundance of plankton community in Tawang and Prigi Bays, natural settlement habitats of Spiny Lobster larvae in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: MASITHAH ENDANG DEWI , FADHILAH MUHAMMAD GIANO , AMIN MUHAMAD , NUR KURNIATI UMRAH , MUSDALIFAH LAILA , SAMARA SHIFANIA HANIFA , CAHYOKO YUDI , ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN , ALIM SAHRUL , SETYONO BAGUS DWI HARI
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Masithah ED, Fadhilah MG, Amin M, Nur KU, Musdalifah L, Samara SH, Cahyoko Y, Alimuddin, Alim S, Setyono BDH. 2023. Diversity and abundance of plankton community in Prigi and Tawang Bays, natural settlement habitats of Spiny Lobster larvae in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1642-1649. Prigi and Tawang Bays have been well-known as settlement areas for spiny lobster larvae, Panulirus spp., in East Java, Indonesia. These locations may suggest suitable environments including diet availability for lobster larvae. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the type and abundance of plankton in both locations to discover potential live diets for lobster larvae. This study also explored plankton’s diversity, uniformity, and dominance indices in both locations. Plankton samples in each location were collected using a plankton net at four depths: 0.3 m, 2.5 m, 5 m, and 20 m with three replicates. The results revealed that 17 plankton species were identified from 0.30 m depth, 13 at 2.5 m, 11 at 5 m, and 13 at 20 m depth at Prigi Bay. In addition, 17 plankton species were discovered at 0.3 m depth, 11 at 2.5 m, 12 at 5 m, and 12 at 20 m at Tawang Bay. Among the most abundant species were Acartia sp., Calanus sp., Paracyclopina sp., and Oithona sp. The diversity indices observed in Karanggongso of Prigi Bay and Tawang Bay ranged from 2.02-2.49 and 2.17-2.65, respectively, within the moderate range. Similarly, the uniformity indices observed at both locations were moderate, ranging from 0.38-0.45 at Prigi Bay and 0.41-0.46 at Tawang Bay. There were no dominant species at both locations, as the dominance index values ranged from 0.13-0.30. Among the identified plankton species, Oithona sp., Calanus sp., Paracyclopina sp., and Acartia sp. are considered potential live feed for lobster larvae, and thus should be further studied.
Checklist of mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) on the coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Isroni Wahyu , Sari Putri D.W. , Sari Luthfiana A. , Daniel Kiki , South Josie , Islamy‬ ‪R. Adharyan , Wirabuana Pandu Y.A.P. , Hasan‬ ‪Veryl
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Isroni W, Sari PDW, Sari LA, Daniel K, South J, Islamy RA, Wirabuana PYAP, Hasan V. 2023. Checklist of mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) on the coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1676-1685. Mangroves are crucial transition zone ecosystems providing sheltered nursery zones and abundant marine and terrestrial biota resources. Mangrove snails (Gastropoda: Mollusca) are ecologically important ecosystem engineers, trophic links for higher predators, and a source of human food and livelihoods. Mangrove snails are also ideal bioindicators to monitor environmental pollution. A strong baseline understanding of current richness and distribution is therefore important. Thus, this study provides data on the species composition of mangrove snails on the north coast of Lamongan District, East Java, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted during low tide at four stations from September to November 2022 using square transects. Ten families consisted of Cerithiidae, Cypraeidae, Fasciolariidae, Muricidae, Naticadae, Neritidae, Plaxidae, Potamididae, Trochidae, and Turbinidae comprising 20 genera and 24 species. The most dominant family found is Muricidae, with six genera and eight species. Most mangrove snails were found in rocky, sandy substrates, around trees, and mangrove roots. Gastropods observed in this study were alive and dead (i.e., empty shells). We suspect that there is still much-hidden diversity of Gastropoda in this region. Therefore, we suggest that future work addresses differences in microhabitat and snail morphology with quantitative and semi-quantitative methods to understand distribution drivers and ecological roles better.
Assessing soil conservation techniques on sloping lands in the humid tropics area of Indonesia in the context of maize cultivation
Authors: NESWATI RISMA , ABDULLAH SOFYAN , MUSA YUNUS , NASARUDDIN NASARUDDIN
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Neswati R, Abdullah S, Musa Y, Nasaruddin. 2023. Assessing soil conservation techniques on sloping lands in the humid tropics area of Indonesia in the context of maize cultivation. Biodiversitas 24: 1686-1692. Sloping land is prone to severe erosion, particularly in areas with high precipitation, such as in humid tropics. In addition to slope and rain factors, crop management also influences soil erosion. This research aims to identify the most appropriate techniques to mitigate soil erosion by comparing three different techniques of maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation planted on sloping land in Indonesia's humid tropics. A field experiment was conducted in Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, in three maize growing seasons at a location with a slope of 15-30%. We used a split-plot design in a randomized block design, with the main factor being conservation techniques, namely no treatment (control) (K0), contour terrace (K1), strip cropping using Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. (K2) and alley cropping using Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth (K3), and the side factor was Z. mays of two varieties: Mixed variety Arjuna BC (H1) and hybrid variety NK-33 (H2). The effects of each treatment were measured in term of soil erosion, and maize growth and productivity. The results showed that the strip cropping resulted in a lower erosion level compared to the contour terrace and alley cropping. However, erosion still exceeded the tolerable soil loss in all conservation techniques. The effects on the growth and production of maize of the two varieties in growing seasons 1, 2, and 3 were not statistically different (p<0.05). Maize production can reach >6 tons ha-1 in the two varieties planted and the value of the revenue to cost (R/C) ratio of all treatments ranged between 1.77 and 2.54. The results imply that the application of appropriate soil conservation methods has the potential to reduce erosion in the sloping land-humid tropics of Indonesia without compromising growth and productivity. However, it will take a longer period to reduce soil erosion significantly in a maize-based cultivation system on sloping land.
Assessing the suitability of tree species for urban green space in a tropical university campus in Surakarta, Indonesia
Authors: YULIA INGGRID TRIFENA , PERMATASARI DINDA PUTRI , IGUSTITA IGUSTITA , BERLIN GAVRIEL ENOS , SAFIRA RAISA NOOR , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO , NAZAR IRFAN ABU , HIMAWAN WIDHI , SUNARTO SUNARTO , PRADHAN PRAKASH , SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Yulia IT, Permatasari DP, Igustita, Berlin GE, Safira RN, Sugiyarto, Nazar IA, Himawan W, Sunarto, Pradhan P, Setyawan AD. 2023. Assessing the suitability of tree species for urban green space in a tropical university campus in Surakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1713-1723. The presence of tree vegetation plays an important role in urban ecosystem. It provides various ecological and sociocultural functions from comforting micro-climates to beautification of the landscape. The central campus of Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) in Kentingan, Surakarta City, Central Java, Indonesia, has various tree species that grow well and become a constituent part of the campus area. This central campus environment has been considered one of the urban forests for city of Surakarta. This study aimed to determine the tree diversity occurring in the campus area of Universitas Sebelas Maret and to assess the suitability of the tree species based on silviculture, management and aesthetic aspects. Data collection was conducted by field observations at four stations: east, west, north, and south. Across the stations, the name of the tree species with minimum diameter breast height of 10 cm, the size of the tree’s circumference, the coordinates of the location of the tree, and tree’s morphological characteristics were documented. Each tree was then assessed for suitability for urban green space by scoring based on several silviculture, management and aesthetic criteria indicators. The results found 106 tree species in the studied area. Among them, 69 species (65%) had high suitability level, while 34 other species (32%) and 3 species (3%) were in the medium and low category, respectively. Some species with the highest score of 45 were kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendra (L.) L), mimba (Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) and nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.), while the lowest score of 28 was kamboja (Plumeria acuminata W.T.Aiton). Species with high score are therefore recommended to be used in urban green space in the university area, and vice versa. The findings of this study suggest that vegetation suitability planning can be carried out to ensure the sustainability and balance of ecological functions of urban green space.
Habitat use of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in production forests of West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: WARDATUTTHOYYIBAH WARDATUTTHOYYIBAH , PUDYATMOKO SATYAWAN , IMRON MUHAMMAD ALI , SUBRATA SENA ADI
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Wardatutthoyyibah, Pudyatmoko S, Imron MA, Subrata SA. 2023. Habitat use of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in production forests of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1724-1734. Proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus van Wurmb 1787) are endemic to Borneo and dependent on the presence ofwetlandforest as their habitat. Recent study shows that many potential habitats of this species are in non-protected areas including logging concessions. We investigate the use of logging concessions for the habitat of proboscis monkeys by determining habitat variables that influence the presence of proboscis monkeys in a selective logging system. We conducted research in seven logged-over areas/LOA during 2009-2015 and eight locations of unlogged forest as proboscis monkey habitat. We applied a logistic regression with the backward stepwise method for selecting environmental variables that influence the presence of proboscis monkeys. Our study showed that proboscis monkeys are no longer present in LOAs, which was indicated by the difference between the habitat characteristics of proboscis monkeys and LOAs. We found that if prosboscis monkeys are presentin an area, resource selection was influenced at site level for basal area of trees and poles explained the presence of proboscis monkeys. Reducing the number of trees logged and ensuring connectivity among trees in LOAs could help to reestablish habitat for proboscis monkeys.
Genetic variation within the coat color gene of Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) in Mong Cai pigs of Vietnam
Authors: THUY CAO THI THU , HA CHU DUC , LONG TRAN DUC , HAI TONG VAN , CHI TRAN THI , QUYEN TA THI HONG , YEN VU HAI , KHANH NGO THI MINH , TRUNG NGUYEN QUOC , TRUNG NGO THANH
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Thuy CTT, Ha CD, Long TD, Hai TV, Long ST, Chi TT, Quyen TTH, Yen VH, Khanh NTM, Trung NQ, Trung NT. 2023. Genetic variation within the coat color gene of Melanocortin 1Receptor (MC1R) in Mong Cai pigs of Vietnam. Biodiversitas 24: 1735-1741. Pig (Sus scrofa) is considered one of the major domesticated animals in Vietnam. Various indigenous pig varieties have been successfully developed as the Vietnamese's main daily meat source. However, little information has been reported about the conservation of these indigenous pig varieties. In this study,the Mong Cai, a prized domestic pig breed in Vietnam, is well-characterized by a black saddle on the hips extending to the lower abdomen. As a result of the introduction of exotic breeds and crossbreeding, Mong Cai pigs exhibited various phenotypic characteristics and coat colors. We constructed a database of Melanocortin 1Receptor(MC1R) coding sequences, including the MC1Rsequences of 26 Mong Cai and 20 other pig breeds from Europe and Asia. Subsequently, 12 haplotypes were determined using 18 mutations in 46 individuals. The phylogenetic tree result indicated that the Mong Cai population was distributed into two distinct haplotypes. Moreover, Mong Cai pigs could belong to the Asian clade; however, six Mong Cai individuals formed a distinct cluster. These six individuals carried the nt729G gene, which is prevalent in European pigs. In addition, our study could provide a solid foundation for further investigation of the evolution of indigenous pig varieties in Vietnam.
Soil arthropod diversity in three different land management intensities of Wanagama Forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Damayanti Arina , Triyogo Ananto , Musyafa Musyafa
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Damayanti A, Triyogo A, Musyafa. 2023. Soil arthropod diversity in three different land management intensities of Wanagama Forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1799-1808. Soil arthropods represent a wide range of ecological functions, and information on their abundance and diversity can be used as an indicator of the health and fertility of an ecosystem. Land use development, techniques, frequency, and management intensity can affect the arthropod soil population. The purpose of this study was to investigate how arthropods respond to soils managed in (NM) in various ways, such as intensive management land (IM), medium land management (MM), and land without management (NM). Field data was collected on the three areas for three months using an observation plot of 20x20 m2, followed by soil and litter samples taken using the monolith method from five points measuring (50x50x5) cm3 in each observation plot. Pitfall traps and the Berlese-Tullgrenn method were used to collect the soil arthropods from the sample monolith of each plot. As a result, seven dominant taxa of soil arthropods were identified: Collembola, Formicidae, Acari, Araneae, Coleoptera, Gryllidae, and Termitidae. This study found a significant difference in arthropod soil abundance based on land type, with NM, MM, and IM having the highest abundance, respectively. Individual abundance, however, was not followed by arthropod soil richness. With a diversity index of 3.61, MM has the highest species richness, followed by IM (3.03) and NM (0.39). Morphospeciesdiversity differences within each taxon follow land type differences. This study shows that different environmental conditions occur due to differences in land management, which can impact the population, abundance, and diversity of soil arthropods. Furthermore, the frequency and intensity of land management should be evaluated to ensure that people do not have a negative impact on the presence of beneficial soil arthropods.