bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Workplace Training Programme in Improving Social, Communication and Emotional Skills for Adults with Autism and Intellectual Disability in Hong Kong – A Pilot Study
Authors: Liu Karen P. Y. , Wong Denys , Chung Anthony C. Y. , Kwok Natalie , Lam Madeleine K. Y. , Yuen Cheri M. C. , Arblaster Karen , Kwan Aldous C. S.
Published: July 2013

This pilot study explored the effectiveness of workplace training programme that aimed to enhance the work‐related behaviours in individuals with autism and intellectual disabilities.

Fourteen participants with autism and mild to moderate intellectual disability (mean age = 24.6 years) were recruited. The workplace training programme included practices in work context and group educational sessions. A pre‐test–post‐test design was used with the Work Personality Profile, the Scale of Independent Behaviour Revised and the Observational Emotional Inventory Revised to evaluate the targeted behaviours.

Improvement in social and communication skills specific to the workplace was achieved. For emotional control, participants became less confused and had a better self‐concept. However, improvement in other general emotional behaviours, such as impulse control, was limited.

The results indicated that a structured workplace training programme aimed at improving social, communication and emotional behaviours can be helpful for people with autism and intellectual disability.

Further study with a larger sample size and a control group is recommended. The development of specific programme to cater for the emotional control needs at workplace for people with autism is also suggested. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reducing Patient Waiting Time in Outpatient Department Using Lean Six Sigma Methodology
Authors: Gijo E. V. , Antony Jiju
Published: July 2013

This article addresses the issue of longer patient waiting time in the outpatient department (OPD) of a super specialty hospital attached to a manufacturing company in India. Due to longer waiting times at OPD, employees need to be away from the workplace for a longer duration. This problem was addressed through the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodology. The process, starting from registration of a patient to dispensing of medicine, was included in the project. The non‐value added steps in the process were identified, and actions were initiated. A cause and effect diagram was prepared for high patient waiting time, and causes were validated with the help of data collected from the process. Statistical tools such as Kruskal–Wallis test, Box – Cox transformation, Control charts, normality test, etc., were used within the LSS methodology not only to identify the causes but also to sustain the improvements. As a result of this project, the average waiting time reduced from 57 min to 24.5 min and the standard deviation was reduced to 9.27 from 31.15 min. This will help the hospital to serve patients better and faster, which, in turn, will lead to a reduction in delay of treatment and a faster recovery of patients. The productivity loss due to absenteeism of employees from the workplace could be reduced. Generally, in an Indian health care scenario, most of the activities were dependent on individual doctors rather than processes. This project has helped the clinicians and the hospital management to identify the weak areas in the process for improvement. Because of the implemented solutions, understanding the history of past treatments and medications of the patients was easy for the doctors. Also, the practical validity of deploying LSS in a healthcare scenario was justified with this study. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The secondary transfer of gunshot residue: an experimental investigation carried out with SEM‐EDX analysis
Authors: French James , Morgan Ruth , Davy James
Published: July 2013

Gunshot residue (GSR) is produced when a firearm is discharged and is routinely used in the forensic reconstruction of incidents involving firearms. SEM‐EDX with automated detection and analysis software was used to investigate the extent of GSR secondary transfer following the discharge of a firearm. A series of experiments, which mimicked real‐world scenarios, was set up to explore these under‐researched mechanisms. The findings demonstrate that relatively large amounts of GSR can be transferred to an individual immediately after the discharge of the firearm, through contact with the hands of the shooter or handling of the gun. While varying between runs, over 100 particles were transferred via a handshake in one instance, and it was found that even very large particles (60–100+ µm) were transferred from the shooter to the second individual via a handshake. The findings have implications for forensic investigations, including highlighting the need to sample from individuals who might have been involved in transfers and underscoring the importance of achieving accurate particle counts using the SEM‐EDX method. Most importantly, the findings suggest that the presence of GSR (especially in small quantities) may not always indicate that a person discharged a firearm and that the possibility for misidentification of the shooter exists, as does the potential to distinguish shooters from those who have acquired GSR through secondary transfer. Further experiments employing automated SEM‐EDX are suggested, which will add to our understanding of GSR transfer evidence and continue to improve the accuracy of interpretations which are presented in court. © 2013 The Authors. X‐Ray Spectrometry published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective and efficient extraction of recombinant proteins from the periplasm of Escherichia coli using low concentrations of chemicals
Authors: Jalalirad Reza
Published: July 2013

Experiments were conducted to determine chemicals at low concentrations, which can be utilized for selective release of periplasmic proteins. It was revealed that 80–100 % of the activity of alpha-amylase, beta-lactamase, and Fab D1.3 was retained in the presence of 0.05 and 0.1 % Triton X-100, 0.1 % Tween 20, 0.1 % DOC, 0.01 % BAC, 0.01 % CTAB, 10 mM EDTA, 1 mM and 10 mM DEA, 10 mM NTA, 0.1 and 1 % SHMP, 200 mM urea, 100–500 mM GndCl, and 1 % solvents (hexane, xylene, toluene, benzene, pyridine and isoamyl alcohol). Performance of these chemicals, recognized as generally safe, for selective release of proteins from the periplasm of Escherichia coli was investigated. DOC was a general and very efficient agent, and at concentrations as low as 0.05, 0.1, and 0.025 %, released beta-lactamase, alpha-amylase, and Fab D1.3 selectively with yield factors of 2.7, 2.3, and 3.6 times greater than osmotic shock procedure, respectively. EDTA (1 and 10 mM) discharged Fab D1.3 with efficiency more than osmotic shock (target protein yield of 110 and 138 %, correspondingly). Isoamyl alcohol (10 % v/v) was effective for periplasmic release of alpha-amylase and particularly Fab D1.3, with target protein yields of 75 and 168 %, respectively.
Removal of Copper(II) from a Concentrated Sulphate Medium by Cloud Point Extraction Using an N,N′‐Bis(salicylaldehyde)Ethylenediimine Di‐Schiff Base Chelating Ligand
Authors: Reffas Hasnia , Benabdallah Tayeb , Youcef Mohammed Hadj , Ilikti Hocine
Published: July 2013

Various chelating ligands have been investigated for the cloud point extraction of several metal ions. However, limited studies on the use of the Schiff base ligands have been reported. In this work, cloud point extraction behavior of copper(II) with N,N′‐bis(salicylaldehyde)Ethylenediimine Schiff base chelating ligand, (H2SALEN), was investigated in aqueous concentrated sulphate medium. The extraction process used is based on the formation of hydrophobic H2SALEN–copper(II) complexes that are solubilized in the micellar phase of a non‐ionic surfactant, i.e. ethoxylated (9.5EO) tert‐butylphenol. The copper(II) complexes are then extracted into the surfactant‐rich phase above cloud point temperature. Different parameters affecting the extraction process of Cu(II), such as equilibrium pH, extractant concentration, and non‐ionic surfactant concentration were explored. The extraction of Cu(II) was studied in the pH range of 2–11. The results obtained showed that it was profoundly influenced by the pH of the aqueous medium. The concentration factor, Cf, of about 17 with extraction efficiency of E % ≈100 was achieved. The stoichiometry of the extracted complex of copper(II) was ascertained by the Yoe–Jones method to give a composition of 1:1 (Cu:H2L). The optimum conditions of the extraction‐removal have been established as the following: (1) 1.86 × 10−3 mol/L ligand; (2) 3 wt% surfactant; (3) pH of 8 (4) 0.5 mol/L Na2SO4 and (5) temperature of 60 °C.
The Effect of Monoglyceride Addition on the Rheological Properties of Pistachio Spread
Authors: Shakerardekani Ahmad , Karim Roselina , Ghazali Hasanah Mohd , Chin Nyuk Ling
Published: July 2013

Pistachio nut (Pistacia vera L.) is one of the most delicious and nutritious nuts in the world. In this study, monoglycerides (0.0–1.5 %) as lipophilic emulsifiers were used to prevent oil separation in pistachio spread A (containing 50.0 % pistachio paste, 30.0 % icing sugar and 20.0 % red palm oil) and B (containing 58.3 % pistachio paste, 25.0 % icing sugar and 16.7 % red palm oil). Changes in rheological behavior of pistachio spreads were investigated. The highest work of shear (which indicates spreadability) was observed in Formulations A and B containing 1.5 % monoglycerides. Addition of emulsifier significantly (P < 0.05) influenced the consistency index (K), thixotropic area (A), yield stress (τ0) and coefficient correlation (R) of pistachio spreads. All the pistachio spreads that contained emulsifier exhibited a higher storage modulus (G′) than the loss modulus (G″).
A gene signature for late distant metastasis in breast cancer identifies a potential mechanism of late recurrences
Authors: Mittempergher Lorenza , Saghatchian Mahasti , Wolf Denise M. , Michiels Stefan , Canisius Sander , Dessen Philippe , Delaloge Suzette , Lazar Vladimir , Benz Stephen C. , Tursz Thomas , Bernards René , van't Veer Laura J.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Breast cancer risk of recurrence is known to span 20 years, yet existing prognostic signatures are best at predicting early recurrences (≤5 years). There is a critical need to identify those patients at risk of late‐relapse (>5 years), in order to select potential candidates for further treatment and to identify molecular targets for such treatment.

Methods

A total of 252 breast primary tumors were selected at the Netherlands Cancer Institute from a retrospective series of ER+, HER2− breast cancer patients with a follow‐up of at least 10 years. Gene expression analysis was performed using Agilent 4x44K microarrays. Patients were classified in 3 groups: no relapse (M0); relapse before 5 years (M0‐5) or after 5 years (M5‐15). We assessed the correlation of clinico‐pathological variables with late Distant Metastases (DM). We divided the patient series into a training set of untreated patients (n = 140) and a test set of treated patients (n = 112), to investigate whether a gene‐signature or single genes could be identified for predicting late DM. Pathway level late DM correlates were identified using PARADIGM and DAVID.

Results

Of the clinico‐pathologic variables tested, only lymph node status associated with late DM. A 241‐gene signature developed on the NKI training set was able to classify M5‐15 patients in the test set with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 33% (AUC 0.654). This signature showed enrichment in genes involved in immune response and extracellular matrix. An alternative analysis of individual genes identified CH25H as an independent predictor of distant metastasis in our patient series.

Conclusions

We identified a gene signature for late metastasis in breast cancer. Our data are consistent with a model in which suppressed anti‐tumoral immunity enables dormant tumor cells to re‐enter the cell cycle to form metastases in response to extrinsic events in the microenvironment.
Understanding Havel?
Authors: Ondřej Ditrych , Handl Vladimír , Hynek Nik , Střítecký
Published: July 2013

The presented article tries to make sense of Václav Havel, a man of many qualities and professions yet not a professional in the conventional sense of the word. The aim is to offer deeper insight into diverse cognitive elements which formed Havel’s political reasoning and attitudes. The idea is to provide an alternative interpretation and get beyond the customary explanations expressed through traditional IR language seeing Havel as a dissident idealist who was pushed by some realist impulses to clearly define real political and later also geopolitical stands. In doing so, the article is divided into three parts. The first part discusses conceptual frameworks (rather than a single framework) within which Have saw and understood the political world. The middle part examines Havel’s political agenda, namely the issues of the return to Europe, the German question, and relationships with Russia, the United States and toward multilateral institutions. The final part that utilizes primary data obtained through personal interviews with many Havel’s close collaborators presents two faces of Václav Havel: the dramatist and the ideologue.
Bat conservation in China: should protection of subterranean habitats be a priority?
Authors: Luo Jinhong , Jiang Tinglei , Lu Guanjun , Wang Lei , Wang Jing , Feng Jiang
Published: July 2013

Subterranean environments are essential for the survival of many bat species and other cave fauna but these places are subject to increasing human disturbance. To examine the significance of subterranean habitats for the conservation of bats in China we surveyed bat species in 225 underground sites during 2003–2011. Our results show that 77% of bat species in China, including 30 nationally Endangered or Vulnerable species and nine endemic species, roost in caves and other subterranean habitats. The number of species in occupied roosts was 1–15. Almost 90% of the roosts surveyed contained signs of human disturbance, most of which was from recreational activities. One hundred and twenty-one roosts merit special concern because they harbour ≥ 6 species or > 1,000 individuals, or species of special concern (threatened or endemic species). Generally, larger roosts support more species and a greater abundance of bats than smaller roosts but there is no direct correlation between the presence of species of special concern and roost size. Disused tourist caves have significantly more bat species than other types of roosts. Our data demonstrate that roost disturbance by recreational activities has pronounced detrimental effects on the number of bat species and the presence of species of special concern. We discuss the social, economic and political issues that could adversely affect bat conservation in caves in China, and we recommend that protection of subterranean habitats should be a high priority for bat conservation.
Existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for the nonlinear Schrödinger–Poisson equations
Authors: Chen Ching-yu , Kuo Yueh-cheng , Wu Tsung-fang
Published: July 2013

We study the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for the following nonlinear Schrödinger–Poisson equations:

where 2 < p ≤ 3 or 4 ≤ p < 6, λ > 0 and Q ∈ C(ℝ3). We show that the number of positive solutions is dependent on the profile of Q(x).
On quasi-conformal self-mappings of the unit disc and elliptic PDEs in the plane
Authors: Kalaj David
Published: July 2013

We prove the following theorem: if w is a quasi-conformal mapping of the unit disc onto itself satisfying elliptic partial differential inequality $|L[w]|\le\mathcal{B}|\nabla w|^2+\varGamma$, then w is Lipschitz continuous. This result extends some recent results where, instead of an elliptic differential operator, only the Laplace operator is considered.
Non-canonical extension of θ-functions and modular integrability of ϑ-constants
Authors: Brezhnev Yurii V.
Published: July 2013

We present new results in the theory of the classical theta functions of Jacobi: series expansions and defining ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The proposed dynamical systems turn out to be Hamiltonian and define fundamental differential properties of theta functions; they also yield an exponential quadratic extension of the canonical θ-series. An integrability condition of these ODEs explains the appearance of the modular ϑ-constants and differential properties thereof. General solutions to all the ODEs are given. For completeness, we also solve the Weierstrassian elliptic modular inversion problem and consider its consequences.
Ship Routing Utilizing Strong Ocean Currents
Authors: Chang Yu-Chia , Tseng Ruo-Shan , Chen Guan-Yu , Chu Peter C , Shen Yung-Ting
Published: July 2013

From the Surface Velocity Program (SVP) drifter current data, a detailed and complete track of strong ocean currents in the north-western Pacific is provided using the bin average method. The focus of this study is on the Kuroshio, the strong western boundary current of the North Pacific flowing northward along the east coast of Taiwan and then turning eastward off southern Japan. With its average flow speed of about 2 knots, the Kuroshio can significantly increase the ship's speed for a “super-slow-steaming” container ship travelling at speeds of 12 knots between the ports of Southeast Asia and Japan. By properly utilizing knowledge of strong ocean currents to follow the Kuroshio on the northbound runs and avoid it on the return trip, considerable fuel can be saved and the transit time can be reduced. In the future, the detailed Kuroshio saving-energy route could be built into electronic chart systems for all navigators and shipping routers.
WHAT DRIVES IDEAS PRODUCTION ACROSS THE WORLD?
Authors: Ang James B. , Madsen Jakob B.
Published: July 2013

The ideas production function is at the heart of endogenous growth theory. Using data for Europe, its offshoots, and the Asian Tiger economies over the period from 1870 to 2010, this paper provides direct estimates of an ideas production function that explicitly distinguishes between the first- and second-generation endogenous growth models while allowing for human capital and international knowledge spillovers through various channels. The estimates show strong intertemporal and cross-country knowledge spillovers, provide robust support for Schumpeterian growth theory, and suggest that human capital and some channels of international knowledge spillover are influential for ideas production.
Impact of the First Stars to the First Galaxy Formation
Authors: Chen Ke-Jung , Jeon Myoungwon , Greif Thomas , Bromm Volker , Heger Alexander
Published: July 2013

We present the results from our cosmological simulations of the first stages of galaxy formation. We use Gadget-2 (Springel 2005), modified to include detailed cooling, chemistry, and radiative transfer of primordial gas to study the impact of the first stars on galaxy formation. In contrast to previous work, we apply a realistic treatment of stellar feedback by using updated stellar models for the first stars. In this proceeding, we briefly summarize how stellar feedback from the first stars affects the primordial IGM inside the first galaxies.
Discovery of bright z ~ 7 galaxies in the UltraVISTA survey
Authors: Bowler Rebecca A. A. , Dunlop James S. , McLure Ross J.
Published: July 2013

We have exploited the new, deep, near-infrared Y,J,H,Ks UltraVISTA imaging of the COSMOS field, in tandem with deep optical and mid-infrared imaging, to conduct a new search for luminous galaxies at redshifts z ≃ 7. We have utilised this unique multi-wavelength dataset to select galaxy candidates at redshifts z > 6.5 by searching first for Y+J-detected objects which are undetected in the CFHT and HST optical data. This sample was then refined using a photometric redshift fitting code, enabling the rejection of lower-redshift galaxy contaminants and cool galactic M, L, T dwarf stars. The final result of this process is a small sample of (at most) ten credible galaxy candidates at z > 6.5 (from over 200,000 galaxies detected in the year-one UltraVISTA data). The new z ≃ 7 galaxies reported here are the first credible z ≃ 7 Lyman-break galaxies discovered in the COSMOS field and, as the most UV-luminous discovered to date at these redshifts, are prime targets for deep follow-up spectroscopy. We explore their physical properties, and briefly consider the implications of their inferred number density for the form of the galaxy luminosity function at z ≃ 7.
Evolution of the galaxy merger rate since z=2 from the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey
Authors: Foucaud S. , Wang P.-W. , Almaini O. , Grützbauch R. , Hartley W. G. , Simpson C. , Conselice C. J.
Published: July 2013

It is now clear that the epoch when the Universe was half of its current age is a crucial period during which galaxies assembled their mass and evolved into the galaxies we observe in the local Universe. However, so far only very few direct studies of mass assembly in action, hence galaxy merging, were conducted over z=1 and usually relied on very small or biased samples. Based on very deep near infrared survey data, the latest UKIDSS-UDS DR8, combined with the optical data conducted by Subaru and CFHT and Spitzer IRAC observations, we explored the evolution of the merging rate up to z = 2, over the largest volume of the Universe at 0.4<z<2 ever sampled. The pair fraction is found to decrease by a factor of two during this period, and wet (gas rich) mergers dominate largely. The dry mergers are very rare, ruling it out as the main mechanism for the mass assembly of passive massive galaxies. Also while massive galaxies undergo a decrease of their pair fraction during this period, less massive systems follow an increase during the same period.
Clustering of EROs from UKIDSS DXS and Pan-STARRS PS1
Authors: Kim J.-W. , Edge A. C. , Wake D. A. , Gonzalez-Perez V. , Baugh C. M , Lacey C. G.
Published: July 2013

We have measured the angular two-point correlation function of EROs. The halo model is fitted to the observed clustering, and dark matter halo mass, bias and satellite fraction are estimated in three redshift bins. We also compare our results with the semi-analytical galaxy formation model. This work illustrates the power of clustering analysis in providing observational constraints on simulations.
Galaxies in most dense environments at redshift 1.4
Authors: Strazzullo V.
Published: July 2013

At a cosmic time when galaxy clusters start showing evidence of a still active galaxy population, the X-ray luminous, massive cluster XMMU J2235-2557 at z=1.39, already hosts massive, quiescent, early-type galaxies on a tight red sequence dominating the cluster core. XMMU J2235-2557 is among the most massive of the very distant clusters, which may explain the evolved status of the system itself, and of its host galaxy populations. It remains a unique laboratory to observe environment-biased galaxy evolution already 9 billion years ago.
The effects of binary stars on the colors of galaxies at z~2.0
Authors: Zhang Y. , Liu J. , Zhang F.
Published: July 2013

Using the Monte Carlo simulations and a set of theoretical galaxy templates, which are built on the Yunnan evolutionary population synthesis models with and without binary interactions, we compare the optical color-color (C-C) relations for passive and star-forming galaxies at redshift z~2.0, and study the effect of binary interactions on this relation. We find that the influence of binary interactions on the C-C relation is insignificant for passive galaxies at z~2.0.
The intriguing life of star-forming galaxies in the redshift range 1 ≤ z ≤ 2 using MASSIV
Authors: Amram P. , López-Sanjuan C. , Epinat B. , Contini T. , Vergani D. , Tasca L. , Le Fèvre O. , Garilli B. , Divoy C. , Queyrel J. , Kissler-Patig M. , Moultaka J. , Paioro L. , Tresse L. , Perret V. , Bournaud F.
Published: July 2013

MASSIV (Mass Assembly Survey with SINFONI in VVDS) is an ESO large program which consists of 84 star-forming galaxies, spanning a wide range of stellar masses, observed with the IFU SINFONI on the VLT, in the redshift range 1 ≤ z ≤ 2. To be representative of the normal galaxy population, the sample has been selected from a well-defined, complete and representative parent sample. The kinematics of individual galaxies reveals that 58% of the galaxies are slow rotators, which means that a high fraction of these galaxies should probably be formed through major merger processes which might have produced gaseous thick or spheroidal structures supported by velocity dispersion rather than by rotation. Computations on the major merger rate from close pairs indicate that a typical star-forming galaxy underwent ~0.4 major mergers in the last ~9.5 Gyr, showing that merging is a major process driving mass assembly into the red sequence galaxies. These objects are also intriguing due to the fact that more than one galaxy over four is more metal-rich in its outskirts than in its center.
Spatially-Resolved View of High-Redshift Starbursts: the case of Sub-mm Galaxies
Authors: Menéndez-Delmestre Karín , Blain Andrew W. , Swinbank Mark , Smail Ian , Ivison Rob J. , Chapman Scott C.
Published: July 2013

Ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (LIR > 1012 L⊙) are locally rare, but appear to dominate the co-moving energy density at higher redshifts (z>2). Many of these are optically-faint, dust-obscured galaxies that have been identified by the detection of their thermal dust emission at sub-mm wavelengths. Multi-wavelength spectroscopic follow-up observations of these sub-mm galaxies (SMGs) have shown that they are massive (Mstellar ~ 1011 M⊙) objects undergoing intense star-formation (SFRs ~ 102−103 M⊙ yr−1) with a mean redshift of z ~ 2, coinciding with the epoch of peak quasar activity. The large fraction of AGNs in SMGs and the derived SMBH masses (M• < 108 M⊙) in these galaxies suggest that the submm phase may play an important role in the rapid growth of SMBHs. When both AGN and star-formation activity are present, long-slit spectroscopic techniques face difficulties in disentangling their contributions and may result in SFR and mass overestimates. We present an integral field view of the Hα emission in a sample of 3 SMGs at z~1.4–2.4 with the IFU instrument OSIRIS on Keck. Designed to be used with Laser Guide Star Adaptive Optics, OSIRIS allows a spatial resolution of up to 10× higher than what has been possible in previous seeing-limited studies of the ionized gas in these galaxies. Our main results are the following: (1) We detect multiple galactic-scale sub-components: the compact, broad Hα emission (FWHM >1000 km s−1) likely associated with an AGN, the more extended narrow-line Hα emission (FWHM ≲500 km s−1) of star-forming regions; the latter are dominated by multiple 1–2 kpc sized Hα-bright clumps, each contributing 1-25% of the total clump-integrated Hα emission. (2) We derive clump dynamical masses ~1–10×109M⊙, 1–2 orders of magnitude larger than the kpc-scaled stellar clumps uncovered in optically-selected z ~ 2 star-forming galaxies. (3) We determine high star-formation rate surface densities (ΣSFR~1–50 M⊙yr−1 kpc−2, after extinction correction), similar to local starbursts and luminous infrared galaxies. In contrast to these local environments, SMGs undergo such intense activity on significantly larger spatial scales as revealed by extended Hα emission over 4–16 kpc. (4) We find no evidence of ordered global motion as it would be found in a disk, but rather large velocity offsets (~ few × 100 km s−1) between the distinct stellar clumps. The merger interpretation is likely the most accurate scenario for the SMGs in our sample. However, the final test of whether an underlying disk structure is present will come from studies of the cold gas at the high spatial resolutions possible with ALMA.

We refer the reader to Menéndez-Delmestre et al. (2012) for more details.
The evolution of galaxy sizes
Authors: Poggianti Bianca M. , Calvi Rosa , Bindoni Daniele , D'Onofrio Mauro , Moretti Alessia , Valentinuzzi Tiziano , Fasano Giovanni , Fritz Jacopo , De Lucia Gabriella , Vulcani Benedetta , Bettoni Daniela , Gullieuszik Marco , Omizzolo Alessandro
Published: July 2013

We present a study of galaxy sizes in the local Universe as a function of galaxy environment, comparing clusters and the general field. Galaxies with radii and masses comparable to high-z massive and compact galaxies represent 4.4% of all galaxies more massive than 3 × 1010M⊙ in the field. Such galaxies are 3 times more frequent in clusters than in the field. Most of them are early-type galaxies with intermediate to old stellar populations. There is a trend of smaller radii for older luminosity-weighted ages at fixed galaxy mass. We show the relation between size and luminosity-weighted age for galaxies of different stellar masses and in different environments. We compare with high-z data to quantify the evolution of galaxy sizes. We find that, once the progenitor bias due to the relation between galaxy size and stellar age is removed, the average amount of size evolution of individual galaxies between high- and low-z is mild, of the order of a factor 1.6.
Quenching star formation at intermediate redshifts: downsizing of the mass flux density in the green valley
Authors: Gonçalves Thiago S. , Martin D. Christopher , Menéndez-Delmestre Karín , Wyder Ted K. , Koekemoer Anton
Published: July 2013

The bimodality in galaxy properties has been observed at low and high redshift, with a clear distinction between star-forming galaxies in the blue cloud and passively evolving objects in the red sequence; the absence of galaxies with intermediate properties indicates that the quenching of star formation and subsequent transition between populations must happen rapidly. In this work, we present a study of over 100 transiting galaxies in the so-called “green valley” at intermediate redshifts (z ~ 0.8). By using very deep spectroscopy with the DEIMOS instrument at the Keck telescope, we are able to infer the star formation histories of these objects and measure the stellar mass flux density transiting from the blue cloud to the red sequence when the Universe was half its current age. Our results indicate that the process happened more rapidly, affecting more massive galaxies in the past, suggesting a top-down scenario whereby the massive end of the red sequence assembles first. This represents another aspect of downsizing, with the mass flux density moving towards smaller galaxies in recent times.
The Intriguing Life of Massive Galaxies: The Connections between αs, β and Merging
Authors: Peng Ying-jie , Lilly Simon J. , Renzini Alvio , Carollo Marcella
Published: July 2013

In this proceeding paper, we discuss the important underlying connections between the faint end slope αs of the stellar mass function of star-forming galaxies, the logarithmic slope β of the sSFR-mass relation and merging through the continuity approach, as we introduced in Peng et al. (2010, hereafter P10) and (2012, hereafter P12).
Massive galaxies: born as disks, dead as spheroids
Authors: Buitrago Fernando
Published: July 2013

Present day massive (Mstellar > 1011 M⊙) galaxies are composed mostly of early-type objects. To ascertain whether this was also the case at higher redshift, we have compiled over a thousand massive galaxies at 0 < z < 3 with HST imaging and spectroscopic redshifts for the majority of them. We have also analyzed using 3D spectroscopy another sample of 10 massive galaxies at z = 1.4. Both works highlight the progressive change between a late-type/peculiar nature at z > 2 and a predominance of early-type morphologies only since z = 1.
Which Galaxy Property Best Predicts Quiescence?
Authors: Leja Joel , van Dokkum Pieter ,   the 3D-HST Collaboration
Published: July 2013

It is generally accepted that local elliptical galaxies assembled most of their mass in a burst of star formation between 1 < z < 3, yet today, their star formation has been almost entirely quenched. In order to constrain this quenching mechanism, we measure Hα line emission in galaxies sorted by multiple galaxy properties as a function of redshift to what galaxy parameter best predicts quiescence. This is done for samples of the most massive, most luminous, and galaxies with the highest velocity dispersion both locally (0.05 < z < 0.07 in the SDSS) and at high redshift (0.7 < z < 1.5 in 3D-HST). It is demonstrated through spectral stacking that velocity dispersion results in the lowest Hα line equivalent width both locally and at high redshift. The spatial distribution of the emission line flux is available from grism spectroscopy: the line flux from the high dispersion stack is centrally peaked and thus likely associated with AGN activity rather than star formation, strengthening this conclusion. Since velocity dispersion may also be the best predictor of halo mass (Wake et al. 2012), this may imply that the quenching mechanism is directly related to halo mass.
Byurakan-IRAS galaxies as massive galaxies with nuclear and starburst activity
Authors: Mickaelian Areg M. , Harutyunyan Gohar S.
Published: July 2013

Byurakan-IRAS Galaxies (BIG) (Mickaelian 1995) are the result of optical identifications of IRAS PSC sources at high-galactic latitudes using the First Byurakan Survey (FBS) low-dispersion spectra (Markarian et al. 1989). Among the 1577 targets, 1178 galaxies have been identified. Most are dusty spiral galaxies and there is a number of ULIRGs among these objects. Our spectroscopic observations, carried out with three telescopes (Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory 2.6m, Russian Special Astrophysical Observatory 6m and Observatoire de Haute Provence 1.93m; Mickaelian & Sargsyan 2010), for 172 galaxies, as well as the SDSS DR8 spectra for 83 galaxies make up the list of 255 spectroscopically studied BIG objects. The classification regarding activity type for narrow-line emission galaxies has been carried out using the diagnostic diagrams by Veilleux & Osterbrock (1987). All possible physical characteristics have been measured and/or calculated, including radial velocities and distances, angular and physical sizes, absolute magnitudes and luminosities (both optical and IR). IR luminosities and star-formation rates have been calculated from the IR fluxes (Duc et al. 1997).
Dynamically Close Pairs of Galaxies Selected in the NIR
Authors: Keenan Ryan C. , Foucaud Sebastien , De Propris Roberto , Lin Jing-Hua
Published: July 2013

Studies of dynamically close pairs of galaxies can serve as a powerful probe of the galaxy merger rate and its evolution. Here we present a large sample of dynamically close pairs of galaxies selected in the K-band from the UKIDSS LAS. These data span ~ 175 deg2 on the sky in the 2dFGRS equatorial region (10h < RA < 14h). Combining the 2dFGRS redshifts with those from the SDSS, our K-band selected catalog is > 90% spectroscopically complete at KAB < 16.4. In this study, we focus on quantifying the relative contributions of wet, dry, and mixed mergers to the stellar mass buildup of galaxies over the past 1-2 Gyr.
Updated catalog of 132,684 galaxy clusters and evolution of brightest cluster galaxies
Authors: Wen Z. L. , Han J. L.
Published: July 2013

We identified 132,684 clusters in the redshift range of 0.05 < z < 0.8 from SDSS DR8. The spectroscopic redshifts of 52,683 clusters have been included in the catalog using SDSS DR9 data. We found that BCGs are more luminous in richer clusters and at higher redshifts.
LAMOST 2D pipeline
Authors: Zhongrui BAI
Published: July 2013

This paper describes the 2-dimensional data reduction of the LAMOST pilot survey.
Further evidence for large central mass-to-light ratios in massive early-type galaxies
Authors: Corsini E. M. , Wegner G. A. , Thomas J. , Saglia R. P. , Bender R. , Pu S. B.
Published: July 2013

We studied the stellar populations, distribution of dark matter, and dynamical structure of a sample of 25 early-type galaxies in the Coma and Abell~262 clusters. We derived dynamical mass-to-light ratios and dark matter densities from orbit-based dynamical models, complemented by the ages, metallicities, and α-element abundances of the galaxies from single stellar population models. Most of the galaxies have a significant detection of dark matter and their halos are about 10 times denser than in spirals of the same stellar mass. Calibrating dark matter densities to cosmological simulations we find assembly redshifts zDM ≈ 1–3. The dynamical mass that follows the light is larger than expected for a Kroupa stellar initial mass function, especially in galaxies with high velocity dispersion σeff inside the effective radius reff. We now have 5 of 25 galaxies where mass follows light to 1–3 reff, the dynamical mass-to-light ratio of all the mass that follows the light is large (≈ 8–10 in the Kron-Cousins R band), the dark matter fraction is negligible to 1–3 reff. This could indicate a ‘massive’ initial mass function in massive early-type galaxies. Alternatively, some of the dark matter in massive galaxies could follow the light very closely suggesting a significant degeneracy between luminous and dark matter.
The Angular Momentum of Brightest Cluster Galaxies
Authors: Brough S. , Tran K.-V. , von der Linden A.
Published: July 2013

Massive Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) are observed to have a range of angular momenta, suggesting a variety of merging histories.
Photometric analysis of Abell 1689
Authors: Bontà Elena Dalla , Davies Roger L. , Houghton Ryan C. W. , D'Eugenio Francesco , Corsini Enrico M. , Méndez-Abreu Jairo
Published: July 2013

We carried out a photometric analysis of a sample of early-type galaxies in Abell~1689 at z = 0.183, using HST/ACS archive images in the rest-frame V band. We performed a two-dimensional photometric decomposition of each galaxy surface-brightness distribution using the GASP2D fitting algorithm (Méndez-Abreu et al. 2008). We adopted both a Sérsic and de Vaucouleurs law. S0 galaxies were analysed also taking into account a disc component described by an exponential law. The derived photometric parameters, together with the ones previously obtained with the curve of growth method (Houghton et al. 2012), will be used to analyse the Fundamental Plane of Abell 1689 and quantify how it is affected by the use of different decomposition techniques (Dalla Bontà et al. 2013, in preparation). The stellar velocity dispersions of the sample galaxies were derived by using GEMINI-N/GMOS and VLT/FLAMES (D'Eugenio et al. 2013) spectroscopic data.
The rotation curve and the density model of the Milky Way
Authors: Golubov Oleksiy , Just Andreas
Published: July 2013

We study the asymmetric drift in the Milky Way with the aid of the RAVE data. Then we apply the deduced asymmetric drift correction to the SEGUE data and reconstruct the behaviour of the rotation curve of the Milky Way in the extended solar neighbourhood. The rotation curve appears to be essentially flat. We supplement our data by tangent point measurements of the inner rotation curve and fit it by a density model of the Milky Way.
Variations in the Fundamental Plane of massive galaxies with stellar population, morphology and local density
Authors: Magoulas Christina , Springob Christopher , Proctor Rob , Colless Matthew , Jones D. Heath , Kobayashi Chiaki , Campbell Lachlan , Lucey John , Mould Jeremy
Published: July 2013

We have measured Fundamental Plane (FP) parameters in the 2MASS J, H and K passbands for 10,000 ellipticals, lenticulars and early-type spiral bulges in the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS) – a spectroscopic survey of the southern sky with |b| > 10° (Jones et al. 2009). 6dFGS provides a large near-infrared-selected sample of galaxies for accurately determining the NIR FP and investigating the trends in the FP with stellar population, morphology and environment.
Chandra and VLA Observations of Supermassive Black Hole Outbursts in M87
Authors: Forman William , Jones C. , Churazov Eugene
Published: July 2013

We discuss the effects of supermassive black hole (SMBH) outbursts on the hot atmospheres surrounding the central massive galaxies in groups and clusters, as observed with X-ray and radio observations. We focus on a detailed study of the supermassive black hole in M87 at the center of the Virgo cluster using Chandra and VLA observations. We summarize the outburst history and describe the clearly observed energy input from buoyant bubbles of relativistic plasma produced by the central SMBH, uplifted filaments of X-ray emitting gas, and the Mach 1.2 shock together balance the energy lost as gas radiatively cools.
An additional production mechanism for the diffuse x-ray background
Authors: Ernest Allan D. , Collins Matthew P. , White Graeme L.
Published: July 2013

We propose a mechanism that contributes energy and particles to the diffuse x-ray halos of galaxies and clusters, based on the dark quantum states of large-scale gravity wells.
Probing the QSO host galaxy evolution through the gas metallicity
Authors: Husemann B. , Wisotzki L. , Jahnke K. , Sánchez S. F. , Nugroho D.
Published: July 2013

We use the spatially resolved gas-phase metallicity as a new diagnostic for tagging recent interactions in QSO host galaxies. With this technique we also identified a QSO with extremely low gas-phase metallicity as likely evidence for gas accretion from the environment.
Where the active galaxies live: a panchromatic view of radio-AGN in the AKARI-NEP field
Authors: Karouzos Marios , Im Myungshin , Trichas Markos ,   the AKARI-NEP team
Published: July 2013

We study the host galaxy properties of radio sources in the AKARI-North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) field, using an ensemble of multi-wavelength datasets. We identify both radio-loud and radio-quiet AGN and study their host galaxy properties by means of SED fitting. We investigate the relative importance of nuclear and star-formation activity in radio-AGN and assess the role of radio-AGN as efficient quenchers of star-formation in their host galaxies.
All-sky catalog of local radio galaxies
Authors: van Velzen S. , Falcke H.
Published: July 2013

The final episode in the history of black hole accretion and galaxy formation takes place in our cosmic backyard, the local universe. Within this volume must also reside the — until now unknown — sources of observed ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). A thorough study of the local universe requires full-sky coverage to obtain a sizable sample and map the matter anisotropy. We recently constructed the first catalog of radio-emitting galaxies that meets this requirement. The sample contains all radio galaxies similar to Centaurus~A out to ~100 Mpc. Only 3% of the hosts of the powerful radio jets are classified as Spiral galaxies, while for non-radio galaxies of similar mass, this fraction is 34%. The energy injected by radio jets per unit volume indicates that Cen A-like radio galaxies have in principle sufficient power to accelerate cosmic rays to ultra-high energies. A significantly enhanced clustering of radio-loud galaxies compared to normal galaxies of the same luminosity is observed. This indicates a causal relation between galaxy environment and jet power, independent of black hole mass.
CALIFA survey: The spatially resolved star formation history of massive galaxies
Authors: Delgado Rosa González , Pérez Enrique , Fernandes Roberto Cid , García-Benito Rubén , de Amorim André , Sánchez Sebastian F. , Husemann Bernd , Fernández Rafael López , Cortijo Clara , Lacerda Eduardo , Mast Damian ,   the CALIFA collaboration
Published: July 2013

The Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) project is an ongoing 3D spectroscopic survey of 600 nearby galaxies of all kinds. This pioneer survey is providing valuable clues on how galaxies form and evolve. Processed through spectral synthesis techniques, CALIFA datacubes allow us to, for the first time, spatially resolve the star formation history of galaxies spread across the color-magnitude diagram. The richness of this approach is already evident from the results obtained for the first ~ 1/6 of the sample. Here we show how the different galactic spatial sub-components (“bulge” and “disk”) grow their stellar mass over time. We explore the results stacking galaxies in mass bins, finding that, except at the lowest masses, galaxies grow inside-out, and that the growth rate depends on a galaxy's mass. The growth rate of inner and outer regions differ maximally at intermediate masses. We also find a good correlation between the age radial gradient and the stellar mass density, suggesting that the local density is a main driver of galaxy evolution.
Optical and near-infrared color distributions of the NGC 4874 globular cluster system
Authors: Cho Hyejeon , Blakeslee John P. , Peng Eric W. , Lee Young-Wook
Published: July 2013

Examining both optical and optical-infrared color distributions of the globular cluster (GC) systems in large elliptical galaxies is the key to study how non-linearities in the color-metallicity relations of their GC systems are linked to bimodal optical color distributions. In order to do this for the core of the Coma cluster of galaxies (Abell 1656), centered on the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4874, we have combined F160W (H160) near-infrared (NIR) imaging data acquired with the Wide Field Camera 3 IR Channel (WFC3/IR), installed on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in 2009, with F475W (g475) and F814W (I814) optical imaging data from the HST Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). Since optical-NIR color distributions of extragalactic GC systems reflect the underlying features of the metallicity distributions, we have probed not only optical g475–I814 and optical-NIR I814–H160 color distributions but also the color-color relation for this GC system. The features of these color distributions have been quantitatively analyzed using the Gaussian Mixture Modeling code. We find that brighter GCs have a much redder mean color than fainter ones. The optical color distribution of the GC system in the Coma cluster core shows the typical bimodality, while the evidence for bimodality is significantly weaker in the optical-NIR color distribution.
Galactic structure studies with SCUSS and SDSS surveys
Authors: Du Cuihua , Peng Xiyan
Published: July 2013

Based on the South Galactic Cap U-band Sky Survey (SCUSS) and SDSS observations, we adopted the star-count method to analyze the stellar distribution in different directions of the Galaxy. We find that the scale height of the disk may be variable with the observed direction, which cannot simply be attributed to statistical errors. The main reason can be possibly attributed to the disk (mainly the thick disk) being flared, with a scale height increasing with radius. The axis ratio of the Galactic halo is in the range 0.4-0.6. This finding supports Galactic models with a flattened inner halo, partly formed through a merger early in the Galaxy's history.