bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A testable theory for high-Tc superconductivity in cuprates
Authors: Marino Eduardo C.
Published: June 2023

A number of theories for the superconductivity in cuprates, have been proposed in the more than 30 years that have elapsed since its discovery. A common feature of these theories is the small number, or even the absence, of quantitative predictions that could be compared to a vast number of experimental data, which are, conversely, available. Such theories are, consequently non-testable. We describe the foundations and a number of applications of a theory describing High-Tc Superconductivity in cuprates, which we proposed recently, that besides being testable, has proven to meet successfully the tests to which it has been submitted so far.
Magnetic properties of the putative higher-order topological insulator EuIn$_2$As$_2$
Authors: Toliński Tomasz , Kaczorowski Dariusz
Published: June 2023

In higher-order topological insulator (HOTI), a gap is preserved both for the bulk and the surface states, and only hinges or corners become gapless. Recently, it has been predicted that the antiferromagnetic compound EuIn_22As_22 can host both the HOTI and axion insulator features. Preliminary experimental confirmation of this finding was obtained using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The main objective of this work was to characterize the anisotropic magnetic properties of single-crystalline EuIn_22As_22. In addition, complementary studies on the transport properties, heat capacity, and magnetocaloric effect in this compound were performed.
Structural and magnetic anisotropy in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$/La$_{0.67}$Sr$_{0.33}$MnO$_3$ bilayer on SrTiO$_3$ substrate
Authors: Singh Ankita , Pandeya Ram Prakash , Dutta Sawani , Kandukuri Srinivas C. , Maiti Kalobaran
Published: June 2023

We study the magnetic properties and emergence of superconductivity in YBa_22Cu_33O_77 (YBCO)/ La_{0.67}0.67Sr_{0.33}0.33MnO_33 (LSMO) heterostructures. Bilayer films of superconducting layer, YBCO, and ferromagnetic layer, LSMO were grown on SrTiO_{3}3 (STO) (001) substrate using ultrahigh vacuum Pulsed Laser Deposition system. Magnetization data at 100 K as a function of applied magnetic field shows ferromagnetic behaviour due to the LSMO layer. Cooling below 100 K leads to superconductivity in this material; the onset of superconductivity occurs at a temperature, T_{c,SC},Tc,SC, of 86 K for H_{ext}\perp cHext⊥c (in-plane) & 84 K for H_{ext}||cHext||c (out-of-plane) under 100 Oe applied field. In-plane magnetic measurements show significant suppression of diamagnetic behaviour as compared to the out-of-plane measurements. The susceptibility signals are higher for out-of-plane direction. Such strong anisotropy in magnetism and the transition temperatures reveal complex interplay of magnetism and superconductivity in this system and calls for further study in this direction.
Photoinduced pairing in Mott insulators
Authors: Ejima Satoshi , Fehske Holger
Published: June 2023

Utilizing time-evolution techniques in (infinite) matrix-product-state representation, we study the non-equilibrium dynamics of driven Mott insulators and demonstrate photoinduced \etaη pairing directly in the thermodynamic limit. Analyzing the time evolution of the corresponding pairing correlations, we determine the optimal laser pump parameters for which long-range \etaη-pairing becomes dominant after pulse irradiation. The time-dependent photoemission spectra for this optimal pump parameter set show clear signatures of the photoinduced insulator-to-metal phase transition related to the formation of \etaη pairs.
High field magnetism of the triangular lattice antiferromagnet CsFeCl$_3$ under high pressure
Authors: Nihongi Katsuki , Kida Takanori , Narumi Yasuo , Kurita Nobuyuki , Tanaka Hidekazu , Uwatoko Yoshiya , Kindo Koichi , Hagiwara Masayuki
Published: June 2023

Magnetization measurements of the triangular lattice antiferromagnet
CsFeCl_{3}3
at 1.4 K for H \parallel cH∥c
were performed in pulsed high magnetic fields of up to 51 T under high
pressures of up to 0.80 GPa. At ambient pressure, the magnetization
below H_{c1}Hc1
= 4 T is small, and then it changes steeply between
H_{c1}Hc1
and H_{c2}Hc2
= 12 T, followed by a gradual increase in magnetization up to
H_{m}Hm
= 33 T where a two-step metamagnetic transition occurs. With increasing
pressure, the H_{c1}Hc1
and H_{m}Hm
shifted to the low-field side, while the H_{c2}Hc2
shifted to the opposite side. The change in
H_{m}Hm
may depend on the difference in the single-ion anisotropies on pressure
in the lowest JJ
= 1 and the excited J=2J=2
states.
Impact of employee loyalty on job performance: Mediating role of job satisfaction on the example of Zain company, Bahrain
Authors: Ateeq Ali , Alzoraiki Mohammed , Milhem Marwan , Al-Absy Mujeeb
Published: June 2023

The study aims to examine the effect of employee loyalty on job performance in Bahrain. Further, it investigates the mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between employee loyalty and job performance. One hundred two participants employed by Zain company were selected through an online convenience sampling technique. The study chose Zain, a telecommunication company in Bahrain, due to easy access to employees, interest in studying company culture/methods, collaboration opportunities, and Zain’s reputation for innovation. SmartPLS4 was used to investigate potential correlations between employee loyalty and job performance and how job satisfaction indirectly affects employee loyalty and job performance. Findings show that employee loyalty significantly influences job performance and job satisfaction. Further, job satisfaction is significantly associated with job performance. In terms of mediating effect, the study found that job satisfaction significantly influences the relationship between employee loyalty and job performance. Every variable studied had an impact on job performance. As a result, the current study’s hypotheses are all confirmed. The model of the study is well fit, as the R-square is greater than 51%. The main contribution of this study is the insight that job satisfaction is a substantial mediator of the relationship between employee loyalty and job performance. Through theoretical and practical contributions, this study offers valuable implications that might benefit managers at companies, including Zain company, as well as interested readers and researchers.
governança complexa da Agenda 2030 e os efeitos-indutores da implementação dos ODS no Brasil (2015-2022)
Authors: Gehre Thiago , Ramiro Rodrigo
Published: June 2023

Agenda 2030 e os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) foram desenhadospara orientar politicamente países de acordo com a realidade local. A implementaçãodesta agenda no Brasil oscilou entre a governança sem governo e a governança complexacom matiz social. A partir de abordagem qualitativo-interpretativa, discute-se a adesão doBrasil à Agenda 2030 em um processo policêntrico e de base social. Os resultados indicamo papel dos ODS em guiar discussões e ações locais, promovendo integração institucional,formação de uma rede inovadora e uma arquitetura de governança social de governoslocais e atores não estatais.
The right to sanitation in India: Realisation of what?
Authors: Khare Kopal
Published: June 2023

In the context of recent degeneration in manual scavengers in Uttar Pradesh, India, where women are forced to undergo uterus removal surgery to perform efficiently at work, this article investigates what precisely realisation of the right to sanitation in India entails. It reviews the existing literature and finds that there is a narrow conception of sanitation as an infrastructure provision that influences the conceptualisation of sanitation as a right in India. The limited understanding of sanitation impacts the livability outcomes of the individuals, specifically the Dalit manual scavengers who are subjected to insufferable circumstances. The paper argues that the evaluation of the realisation of sanitation as a right is comprehensively achieved by deploying Amartya Sen's conception of justice, given its compatibility with the human rights framework. It concerns with the reduction of human suffering. It assesses individual well-being by focusing on expanding people's freedoms and opportunities to live a life of dignity.
Sub-watershed prioritization using morphometric analysis, principal component analysis, hypsometric analysis, land use/land cover analysis, and machine learning approaches in the Peddavagu River Basin, India
Authors: Shekar Padala Raja , Mathew Aneesh , P. S. Arun , Gopi Varun P.
Published: June 2023

Water resource management is critical in the face of climate change to reduce water scarcity and meet the demands of an expanding population. Prioritization of watersheds has gained significance in natural resource management, particularly in the context of watershed management. This study prioritizes sub-watersheds for the Peddavagu basin using five methods. The four methods mentioned above can be estimated utilizing remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) approaches, while linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is estimated using machine learning techniques. The catchment resulted in the formation of 13 sub-watersheds. The quantitative measurements of morphometric analysis, including linear, relief, and areal, were considered, and 18 morphometric characteristics were chosen to rank and prioritize sub-watersheds. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to rank and prioritize sub-watersheds based on four highly correlated morphometric parameters. The land use/land cover (LULC) analysis used four features to prioritize sub-watersheds. The LDA analysis used two features to prioritize sub-watersheds. Using hypsometric integral (HI) values, prioritization has been done. Sub-watersheds were prioritized. Based on five methods, the sub-watersheds were classified as low, medium, and high. Among the sub-watersheds identified as high priority, immediate priority is assigned to SW10. Decision-makers in the research region can use the findings to plan and implement watershed management techniques.
A distal femur end of a Stegosauria dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) of the Cameros Basin (Aguilar del Río Alhama, La Rioja province, Spain)
Authors: Moratalla José J. , Lozano Rafael P.
Published: June 2023

This paper describes the distal end of the femur of a dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Aguilar del Río Alhama (La Rioja), in the eastern part of the Cameros Basin. Discovered in 2001, it has unfortunately been delocalized for many years, so that it has not been possible to provide an adequate description and interpretation of it before. Although the material is very fragmentary, the morphology of both condyles (tibial and fibular) is well observed. The shallow intercondylar groove, the clearly bilobulated and very wide morphology in distal view, as well as the morphometric indices analyzed, indicate that this specimen could belong to a stegosaurid dinosaur, probably close to the genera Stegosaurus and Dacentrurus. The area of the tibial condyle (mostly on its anterior face) presents a fracture of tectonic origin that is filled with quartz and calcite crystals. This finding constitutes the first osteological remain of the Stegosauria clade in the eastern sector of the Cameros Basin which, together with some ichnites of thyreophorans already known in this area, represents a significant complement on the presence of stegosaurian dinosaurs in the vertebrate communities of the last phase of the Jurassic in the Cameros Basin.
COMUNICAÇÃO E DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICAS
Authors: Santos Ferreira João Rodrigo , Autran Marynice de Medeiros Matos , Souza Edivanio Duarte de
Published: June 2023

As práticas de disseminação da ciência estão, gradativamente, percebendo as redes sociais digitais como espaços que as favorecem. Partindo desse pressuposto, esta pesquisa levanta uma discussão precípua que permite ao leitor/pesquisador compreender a importância da popularização do conhecimento científico através das redes sociais e confiar, justificadamente, no conteúdo veiculado nesses ambientes. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental de natureza qualitativa, que, a partir de uma revisão de literatura, de inferências e de interpretações, reúne elementos que sustentam essa qualidade das redes sociais. Infere que as redes sociais simbolizam uma nova dimensão da democratização da ciência, regida pelas tecnologias digitais, onde as discussões entre cientistas e a ampla popularização de conteúdo científico podem ser praticadas, simultaneamente, no mesmo espaço. Conclui que a presença cada vez maior dos cientistas, das práticas e dos produtos da ciência nas redes sociais digitais, que se concretizam, principalmente, através dos eventos técnico-científicos e profissionais, e o aumento dos perfis pessoais e institucionais dedicados à ciência, oferecem subsídios que, até certo ponto, atestam a qualidade e o valor do conteúdo científico ali deixados, bem como sua relevância no processo de massificação da ciência.
Genetic Aspects of Glaucoma: An Updated Review
Authors: Chacon-Camacho Oscar Francisco , Arce-Gonzalez Rocio , Sanchez-de la Rosa Fernanda , Urióstegui-Rojas Andrés , Enriqueta Hofmann-Blancas María , Mata-Flores Felipe , Zenteno Juan Carlos
Published: June 2023

:

Glaucoma is a group of diverse diseases characterized by cupping of the
optic nerve head due to the loss of retinal ganglion cells. It is the most common cause of
irreversible blindness throughout the world; therefore, its timely diagnosis and early
detection through an ophthalmological examination are very important. We, herein,
present the information on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical diagnosis, and
treatment of glaucoma. We also emphasize the investigations of the last decades that
have allowed identifying numerous genes and susceptibility genetic factors. We have
also described in detail the genes whose mutations cause or contribute to the
development of the disease.
Alpha Rhythm Wavelength of Electroencephalography Signals as a Diagnostic
Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Meiyun , Liu Lingfeng , Hao Lijun , Yang Qian , Cao Qing , Jiang Nan
Published: June 2023

Objective:

To explore changes in the alpha rhythm wavelength of background electroencephalography
in Alzheimer’s disease patients with different degrees of dementia in a resting state;
examine their correlation with the degree of cognitive impairment; determine whether the alpha
rhythm wavelength can distinguish mild Alzheimer’s disease patients, moderately severe Alzheimer’s
disease patients, and healthy controls at the individual level; and identify a cut-off value to differentiate
Alzheimer’s disease patients from healthy controls.

Methods:

Quantitative electroencephalography signals of 42 patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease,
42 patients with moderately severe Alzheimer’s disease, and 40 healthy controls during rest state with
eyes closed were analyzed using wavelet transform. Electroencephalography signals were decomposed
into different scales, and their segments were superimposed according to the same length
(wavelength and amplitude) and phase alignment. Phase averaging was performed to obtain average
phase waveforms of the desired scales of each lead. The alpha-band wavelengths corresponding to the
ninth scale of the background rhythm of different leads were compared between groups.

Results:

The average wavelength of the alpha rhythm phase of the whole-brain electroencephalography
signals in Alzheimer’s disease patients was prolonged and positively correlated with the severity
of cognitive dysfunction (P < 0.01). The ninth-scale phase average wavelength of each lead had
high diagnostic efficacy for Alzheimer’s disease, and the diagnostic efficacy of lead P3 (area under
the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.873) was the highest.

Conclusion:

The average wavelength of the electroencephalography alpha rhythm phase may be used
as a quantitative feature for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, and the slowing of the alpha rhythm
may be an important neuro-electrophysiological index for disease evaluation.
Radiosensitizing Effects of Lithium Ascorbate on Normal and Tumor
Lymphoid Cells under X-ray Irradiation
Authors: Tretayakova Maria , Brazovskii Konstantin , Belousov Mikhail , Artamonov Anton , Stuchebrov Sergei , Gogolev Aleksey , Larkina Maria , Sukhikh Evgeniya , Plotnikov Evgenii
Published: June 2023

The study aimed to assess the radiosensitizing effect of lithium ascorbate on tumor cells.

Background:

Cancer cells radioresistance is an important factor restraining the success of X-ray
therapy. Radiosensitizing drugs make tumor cells more sensitive to ionizing radiation and improve
the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Although many chemical substances can potentiate the cytotoxic
effects of X-ray radiation, their clinical applications are limited due to possible adverse reactions.
Recently, several approaches have been proposed to develop new radiosensitizers that are highly
effective and feature low toxicity. Among new enhancers of X-ray therapy, ascorbic acid, and its
derivates demonstrate very low toxicity along with a wide therapeutic range. Lithium ascorbate is a
promising X-ray therapy enhancer, but its mechanism of action is unknown. This research focuses
on the radiosensitizing properties of lithium ascorbate and its effects on both tumor and normal irradiated
cells.

Methods:

The viability of the radiosensitized cells was evaluated by fluorescence flow cytometry
using Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit and Cellular ROS Assay Kit (Abcam, UK). The
test cell cultures included normal human mononuclear and Jurkat cells.

Results:

Lithium ascorbate sensitizes normal human mononuclear and Jurkat cells towards ionizing
radiation. The combined cytotoxic effect of X-ray irradiation (3 Gy) and lithium ascorbate (1,2
mmol/L) substantially exceeds the effects of the individual factors, i.e. synergetic action appears.
The major types of cell death were late apoptosis and necrosis caused by excessive production of
reactive oxygen species.

Conclusion:

Lithium ascorbate in combination with X-ray irradiation exhibited the cytotoxic effect
on both normal and cancer lymphoid cells by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced
apoptosis. These findings indicate that lithium ascorbate is a promising substance to develop a new
radiosensitizing drug.
A Review on Romiplostim Mechanism of Action and the Expressive
Approach in E. coli
Authors: Hashemzaei Masoud , Ghoshoon Mohammad Bagher , Jamshidi Mehrnaz , Moradbeygi Fatemeh , Hashemzehi Ahmad
Published: June 2023

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder determined
by immune-mediated platelet demolition and reduction of platelet production. Romiplostim
is a new thrombopoiesis motivating peptibody that binds and stimulates the human thrombopoietin
receptor the patent of which was registered in 2008. It is used to treat thrombocytopenia
in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Romiplostim is a 60
kDa peptibody designed to inhibit cross-reacting immune responses. It consists of four
high-affinity TPO-receptor binding domains for the Mpl receptor and one human IgG1 Fc
domain. Escherichia coli is a good host for the fabrication of recombinant proteins such as
romiplostim. The expression of a gene intended in E. coli is dependent on many factors
such as a protein’s inherent ability to fold, mRNA’s secondary structure, its solubility, its
toxicity preferential codon use, and its need for post-translational modification (PTM).
This review focuses on the structure, function, mechanism of action, and expressive approach
to romiplostim in E. coli.
Neurotoxic Effects of Nanoparticles and their Pathogenesis
Authors: Sunena  , Tomar Deepali , Jawla Sunil
Published: June 2023

A recent study on the deployment of nanoparticles in the consumer and healthcare sectors has
shown highly serious safety concerns. This is despite the fact that nanoparticles offer a vast array of applications
and great promise. According to studies on how nanoparticles interact with neurons, the central
nervous system experiences both negative and positive impacts central nervous system. With a maximum
concentration of 0.1-1.0 wt.%, nanoparticles can be incorporated into materials to impart antibacterial
and antiviral properties. Depending on the host or base materials utilised, this concentration may
be transformed into a liquid phase release rate (leaching rate). For instance, nanoparticulate silver (Ag)
or copper oxide (CuO)-filled epoxy resin exhibits extremely restricted release of the metal ions (Ag+ or
Cu2+) into their surroundings unless they are physically removed or deteriorated. Nanoparticles are able
to traverse a variety of barriers, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and skin, and are capable of
penetrating biological systems and leaking into internal organs. In these circumstances, it is considered
that the maximum drug toxicity test limit (10 g/ml), as measured in artificial cerebrospinal solution, is
far lower than the concentration or dosage. As this is a fast-increasing industry, as the public exposure
to these substances increases, so does their use. Thus, neurologists are inquisitive about how nanoparticles
influence human neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS) in terms of both their potential
benefits and drawbacks. This study will emphasise and address the significance of nanoparticles in human
neuronal cells and how they affect the human brain and its activities
A New Soft-switched Flyback Converter with a Minimum Number of
Elements and High Efficiency
Authors: Vesali Mahmood , Ranjbar Hosein , Rabiei Mostafa
Published: June 2023

Background:

This paper proposes a new soft-switching flyback converter with a simple structure and high efficiency. The proposed converter has zero current switching conditions for the turning-on distance and zero voltage switching conditions for the turning-off distance of the switch.

Objective:

With a minimum number of elements, a soft switching condition is created for all semiconductor devices, and high efficiency is obtained.

Methods:

To create the ZCS condition, an inductor is used, and when the switch is turned on, the current due to the existence of this inductor increases slowly. But when the switch is turned off, this inductor has an energy that suddenly discharge on the switch, which is then controlled by a capacitor and discharged in capacitor. Then when the energy is discharge in capacitor, this capacitor is connected to the switch, which increases the voltage of the switch slowly and ZVS condition is stablished. Also the energy of leakage inductance in this state is discharged in that same capacitor which eliminates destructive effect of this inductor.

Results:

A prototype of the proposed converter is implemented and tested in 60 W power. The experimental results verified theoretical analysis and shown that soft switching condition is established. Also 92% efficiency at full load is obtained, which shows the efficiency has increased. The current of the diodes in experimental results shows that when the diodes are turned off, ZCS condition is created, therefore reverse recovery problem of the diodes does not exist.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the proposed converter has high efficiency and simple structure, which is suitable to convert AC voltage to DC voltage for the devices power supply.
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Solar Photovoltaic Renewable Energy Systems
Authors: Anekwe I.M.S.
Published: June 2023

With the increasing reduction of fossil fuel supplies, it is predicted that the world would run out of energy resources within the next few decades attributed to the depletion of fossil fuels. Renewable energy sources generate electricity with minimal contribution of CO2 or other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Solar, wind, hydroelectricity, and biomass are the most common kinds of sustainable energy sources, and all of them have enormous prospects to help the world to meet its future energy demand. The solar photovoltaic technique is among the first of several renewable energy systems that have been implemented around the world to meet the basic requirement of electricity, especially in remote regions. The deployment of Artificial Intelligence in the energy sector is becoming more prevalent to ensure an effective energy supply. This chapter presents a review of the application of artificial intelligence in a solar PV system while highlighting the challenges and prospects for effective utilization in the renewable energy system.
Overview of Applications of Nanotechnology
Authors: Tomar R.
Published: June 2023

Nanotechnology has changed science and technology. Every discipline is now making use of nanomaterials (NMs) and nanotechnology. NMs have size below 100 nm. Variety of nanoparticles (NPs) with different size and functions are available in the nature. Nowadays, NPs are being synthesized under controlled conditions in laboratories and are called engineered nanoparticles. Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary discipline and used in different industries such as agriculture, food, biotechnology, medicine, textile, electronics, drugs, etc. In Layman's language, nanotechnology is the science of organizing, manipulating, manufacturing, and engineering products and materials at the nanoscale. This article gives an overview of nanotechnology applications in different areas.
Nanocomposites and their Applications
Authors: Sreevidya S.
Published: June 2023

The trends in the current developments for utilising the available natural resources as bio-renewable/sustainable supplies have captured the attention of scientists/industrialists in the recent past. The unlimited alarms that are interrelated with the health and environment due to the exhaustive piling up of unwanted and discarded stocks and the damages caused, are indirectly interwound with the foreseeable reduction of fossil/mineral wealth. The bio-renewable/sustainable supplies are hence, opted as platforms for reinforcement in a wide array of applicable functions. Developmental innovations leading to new approaches and perfect tools, as nano-composites through green bio-renewable/sustainable/bio-degradable supplies, submit for note-worthy advantages and are found to be associated with exceptional attributes such as rapid and cost-effective fabrication, with better thermal/mechanical stability, besides easy portability/reusability. It would be worthy mentioning that nano-composites from structured bio-degradable resources find their utility in a broad spectrum of fragments such as food preservation/packaging, agriculture/bio-sensors, bio-medical, optical/energy-storage, water-treatment/marine, automotive/automation, construction, flame-retardant/coating, and many more. Here in this chapter, we comprehensively compare the recent advancement/development of varied applications of nano-composites from bio-renewable/non-bio-renewable reserves. In conclusion, the solutions to the debatable question, and the potential developmental break-ups with new-openings for the naturally agglomerated nano-composites are reflected briefly.
Nanomaterials for Leather Production
Authors: Hasanah U.
Published: June 2023

Leather is used to make various daily life goods including footwear, clothing, automobile seats, furniture, etc. from prehistoric time. Various defects can occur either due to failure of controlling the factors of processing or due to low grade of raw material or both. The tanned leathers are, before use, necessarily being passed through different processes including re-tanning, filling, coating the surface with dyes, and other functional materials for protecting the surface of leather. Nanoparticles of natural and synthetic polymers, metal ions, metal oxides, metal etc. have been used for finishing tanned leather in providing them adequate quality as per the demand of buyers. In this chapter, the potential of using nanomaterials in different steps of leather processing and finishing are focused.
Adolfo Córdova Valdivia
Authors: Beingolea Del Carpio José
Published: June 2023

Fiel testimonio de los cambios demográficos en el país, como muchos de los notables peruanos del siglo XX, Adolfo Córdova fue un provinciano perteneciente a la mesocracia arequipeña que a los ocho años migró con su familia a la capital. Ingresó, en 1942, a la Escuela Nacional de Ingenieros (ENI) de cuyo Departamento de Arquitectura egresó en 1946.
Estudio del proceso de peatonalización de los ambientes urbanos en el Centro Histórico del Cusco: Caso de la calle del medio
Authors: Alfaro Aucca Crayla , Corahua Ordoñez Jessika , Cavero Hermoza Eleali , Bernales Guzmán Yessenia , Espetia Huamanga Hugo , Pezúa Vásquez Rocío
Published: June 2023

El estudio inicia con un análisis crítico de los contenidos orientados a la visión funcional de los espacios públicos, la movilidad y accesibilidad a través de la planificación territorial en el centro histórico de Cusco, para luego profundizar en experiencias afines en otros sitios de igual condición, mediante la aplicación de una metodología mixta se han identificado datos cuantitativos y cualitativos basados en tres variables y categorías de estudio: la dimensión física construida de la intervención, la social-cultural en función al espacio intervenido y la económica de repercusiones que se han dado por el cambio de uso de la calle. Todos los datos obtenidos y comparados se dan como resultado del proceso de peatonalización entre el 2006 y 2022. Finalmente, los resultados son alcances que se dan de la percepción de los transeúntes eventuales, usuarios frecuentes y los administradores de inmuebles destinados a diferentes usos cuyo proceso también describe y analiza la investigación propuesta.
Toro Muerto. Rumbo al Patrimonio Mundial
Authors: González Madueño Consuelo
Published: June 2023

El arte rupestre es la más antigua y extendida manifestación de la espiritualidad humana y como todo patrimonio cultural, necesita de un reconocimiento por parte de la sociedad para ser valorado, protegido, conservado, investigado y difundido, de esta necesidad nace la presente obra titulada Toro Muerto. Rumbo al Patrimonio Mundial. Ubicado en la provincia de Castilla en Arequipa, Toro Muerto está considerado como  uno de los más grandes e importantes sitios de arte rupestre, a lo largo de 10 km2 de área hay una gran cantidad de rocas grabadas con 2584 representaciones geométricas, antropomorfas y zoomórficas. En 1951,  fue  descubierto para la ciencia por el Dr. Eloy Linares Málaga cuyo trabajo de investigación fue continuado con  las aportaciones de Mariano de Rivero y Ustariz, Antonio Núñez, Julio Manque, José Antonio Chávez, Lucy Linares, Muriel Pozzi-Escot y Liz Gonzales.
Patrimonio industrial hoy en día. Algunas cuestiones, serie TICCIH Brasil, nuevas perspectivas, volumen 4
Authors: Figueroa Solis John
Published: June 2023

El Comité Brasileño para la conservación del Patrimonio Industrial (TICCIH-Brasil) es una agrupación interdisciplinar que tiene como objetivo investigar, cartografiar, catalogar, inventariar, divulgar, proteger y conservar los bienes materiales e inmateriales del patrimonio industrial brasileño. Es así que desde el año 2019 vienen desarrollando nuevas perspectivas, proyecto que consta de una serie de libros digitales con acceso y descarga gratuita. En la actualidad tienen publicados cuatro volúmenes, siendo el último el libro en referencian que fue organizado por el presidente del TICCIH-Brasil: Eduardo Romero; la Vicepresidente del TICCIH- Brasil: Cristina Menegello y el arquitecto: Silvio Oksman.
“Patrimonio y Hábitat en el Centro Histórico del Cusco”. Una experiencia de gestión en sitios patrimoniales
Authors: Gallardo del  Castillo Magaly
Published: June 2023

La gestión de sitios patrimoniales es una labor incesante de todos quienes profesamos la cultura de la protección y conservación del legado de nuestros antepasados; desde diferentes trincheras y especialidades, los juicios y torpezas ejercidos perturban el tejido urbano vivo, estructura representativa de la evolución de la ciudad histórica, porque incuestionablemente el centro histórico es el hábitat, el lugar donde el ciudadano —para bien o para mal— se reconoce, se expresa, disfruta y respira su cotidianidad, su temporalidad histórica.
Ciudad coproducida
Authors: Mechato Lara Fiorella
Published: June 2023

La forma de hacer ciudad desde las necesidades de la gente, así como el proceso de construirla para y por los ciudadanos es el tema principal de Ciudad Coproducida, libro del Fondo Editorial Eduni de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería bajo trabajo de las profesionales Patricia Caldas, Edith Aranda y Paula Kapstein.
Imágenes de un mismo mundo. La educación patrimonial en Iberoamérica.
Authors: Ausejo Calmet Karla
Published: June 2023

La Gerencia del Centro Histórico y Patrimonio Cultural de la ciudad de Puebla en México, tiene como iniciativa promover la reflexión sobre el patrimonio cultural en Iberoamérica con la propuesta del libro Imágenes de un mismo mundo. La educación patrimonial en Iberoamérica.
A Text Messaging Intervention for Priming the Affective Rewards of Exercise in Adults: Protocol for a Microrandomized Trial
Authors: Mishra Sonali R , Dempsey Walter , Klasnja Predrag
Published: June 2023

Background

Physical activity is a critical target for health interventions, but effective interventions remain elusive. A growing body of work suggests that interventions targeting affective attitudes toward physical activity may be more effective for sustaining activity long term than those that rely on cognitive constructs alone, such as goal setting and self-monitoring. Anticipated affective response in particular is a promising target for intervention.

Objective

We will evaluate the efficacy of an SMS text messaging intervention that manipulates anticipated affective response to exercise to promote physical activity. We hypothesize that reminding users of a positive postexercise affective state before their planned exercise sessions will increase their calories burned during this exercise session. We will deploy 2 forms of affective SMS text messages to explore the design space: low-reflection messages written by participants for themselves and high-reflection prompts that require users to reflect and respond. We will also explore the effect of the intervention on affective attitudes toward exercise.

Methods

A total of 120 individuals will be enrolled in a 9-week microrandomized trial testing affective messages that remind users about feeling good after exercise (40% probability), control reminders (30% probability), or no message (30% probability). Two types of affective SMS text messages will be deployed: one requiring a response and the other in a read-only format. Participants will write the read-only messages themselves to ensure that the messages accurately reflect the participants’ anticipated postexercise affective state. Affective attitudes toward exercise and intrinsic motivation for exercise will be measured at the beginning and end of the study. The weighted and centered least squares method will be used to analyze the effect of delivering the intervention versus not on calories burned over 4 hours around the time of the planned activity, measured by the Apple Watch. Secondary analyses will include the effect of the intervention on step count and active minutes, as well as an investigation of the effects of the intervention on affective attitudes toward exercise and intrinsic motivation for exercise. Participants will be interviewed to gain qualitative insights into intervention impact and acceptability.

Results

Enrollment began in May 2023, with 57 participants enrolled at the end of July 2023. We anticipate enrolling 120 participants.

Conclusions

This study will provide early evidence about the effect of a repeated manipulation of anticipated affective response to exercise. The use of 2 different types of messages will yield insight into optimal design strategies for improving affective attitudes toward exercise.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05582369; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05582369

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/46560
Flattening Hierarchical Structures to Empower Women Trainee Leaders on Social Media Teams
Authors: Kays Marah N , Rupert Deborah D , Negris Olivia , Thompson Beatrix , Clayman Marla L , Mordell Lisa , Pendergrast Tricia , Bloomgarden Eve , Bhayani Rakhee K , Jain Shikha
Published: June 2023

We share our experience empowering women trainees and leadership through a flattened hierarchical social media team structure with supporting evidence from measurable outcomes.
Decision Aids for Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: Qualitative Elicitation of Design Recommendations From Patient End Users (Preprint)
Authors: Stringer Eleah , Lum Julian J , Livergant Jonathan , Kushniruk Andre W
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) carry a clinically significant symptom burden, have alterations in function (eg, impaired ability to chew, swallow, and talk), and decrease in quality of life. Furthermore, treatment impacts social activities and interactions as patients report reduced sexuality and shoulder the highest rates of depression across cancer types. Patients suffer undue anxiety because they find the treatment incomprehensible, which is partially a function of limited, understandable information. Patients’ perceptions of having obtained adequate information prior to and during treatment are predictive of positive outcomes. Providing patient-centered decision support and utilizing visual images may increase understanding of treatment options and associated risks to improve satisfaction with their decision and consultation, while reducing decisional conflict.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to gather requirements from survivors of HNC on the utility of key visual components to be used in the design of an electronic decision aid (eDA) to assist with decision-making on treatment options.

METHODS

Informed by a scoping review on eDAs for patients with HNC, screens and visualizations for an eDA were created and then presented to 12 survivors of HNC for feedback on their utility, features, and further requirements. The semistructured interviews were video-recorded and thematically analyzed to inform co-design recommendations.

RESULTS

A total of 9 themes were organized into 2 categories. The first category, eDAs and decision support, included 3 themes: familiarity with DAs, support of concept, and versatility of the prototype. The second category, evaluation of mock-up, contained 6 themes: reaction to the screens and visualizations, favorite features, complexity, preference for customizability, presentation device, and suggestions for improvement.

CONCLUSIONS

All participants felt an eDA, used in the presence of their oncologist, would support a more thorough and transparent explanation of treatment or augment the quality of education received. Participants liked the simple design of the mock-ups they were shown but, ultimately, desired customizability to adapt the eDA to their individual information needs. This research highlights the value of user-centered design, rooted in acceptability and utility, in medical health informatics, recognizing cancer survivors as the ultimate knowledge holders. This research highlights the value of incorporating visuals into technology-based innovations to engage all patients in treatment decisions.
Young people’s perspectives on engaging with an online mental health program: a focus group study (Preprint)
Authors: Cahill Christopher , Connolly Jennifer , Appleton Shelley , White Melanie Jade
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Despite accessibility and clinical benefits, open access trials of self-guided digital health interventions (DHIs) for young people have been plagued by high drop-out rates, with some DHIs recording completion rates of less than 3%.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the present study was to explore how young people motivate themselves to complete an unpleasant task and to explore perceived motivators and demotivators for engaging with a DHI.

METHODS

Thirty young people aged between 7 and 17 years were recruited to participate in a series of focus group discussions exploring sources of motivation to complete unpleasant tasks and to engage in a hypothetical six-week DHI for anxiety.

RESULTS

Young children (7 to 11) reported greater reliance on external motivators such as following parent instruction to complete unpleasant tasks, while adolescents (12 to 17) reported greater internal motivation such as self-discipline. Program factors such as engaging content were the most commonly mentioned motivators for engaging with a DHI across both age groups After that, internal sources of motivation were most commonly mentioned, such as perceived future benefits. External factors were the most commonly mentioned demotivators across all ages with time commitment being the most frequently mentioned.

CONCLUSIONS

The study's findings have implications for enhancing adherence in future DHIs targeted to young people. Recommendations include the need for supportive parental involvement for young children while adolescents would likely benefit from mechanisms that promote autonomy, establish a supportive environment, and align with personal interests and values. Belief that a DHI will provide short term benefits is important to both children and adolescents, as well as confidence that future benefits will be realised.
From the Cochrane Library: Interventions for Chronic Pruritus of Unknown Origin (Preprint)
Authors: Singal Amit , Pathak Gaurav N , Taranto Viktoria , Truong Thu M , Rao Babar K , Andrade Andrea
Published: June 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

N/A
Evaluation of Eligibility Criteria Relevance for the Purpose of IT-Supported Trial Recruitment: Descriptive Quantitative Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Blasini Romina , Strantz Cosima , Gulden Christian , Helfer Sven , Lidke Jakub , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Sohrabi Keywan , Schneider Henning
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Clinical trials (CTs) are crucial for medical research; however, they frequently fall short of the requisite number of participants who meet all eligibility criteria (EC). A clinical trial recruitment support system (CTRSS) is developed to help identify potential participants by performing a search on a specific data pool. The accuracy of the search results is directly related to the quality of the data used for comparison. Data accessibility can present challenges, making it crucial to identify the necessary data for a CTRSS to query. Prior research has examined the data elements frequently used in CT EC but has not evaluated which criteria are actually used to search for participants. Although all EC must be met to enroll a person in a CT, not all criteria have the same importance when searching for potential participants in an existing data pool, such as an electronic health record, because some of the criteria are only relevant at the time of enrollment.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we investigated which groups of data elements are relevant in practice for finding suitable participants and whether there are typical elements that are not relevant and can therefore be omitted.

METHODS

We asked trial experts and CTRSS developers to first categorize the EC of their CTs according to data element groups and then to classify them into 1 of 3 categories: necessary, complementary, and irrelevant. In addition, the experts assessed whether a criterion was documented (on paper or digitally) or whether it was information known only to the treating physicians or patients.

RESULTS

We reviewed 82 CTs with 1132 unique EC. Of these 1132 EC, 350 (30.9%) were considered necessary, 224 (19.8%) complementary, and 341 (30.1%) total irrelevant. To identify the most relevant data elements, we introduced the data element relevance index (DERI). This describes the percentage of studies in which the corresponding data element occurs and is also classified as necessary or supplementary. We found that the query of “diagnosis” was relevant for finding participants in 79 (96.3%) of the CTs. This group was followed by “date of birth/age” with a DERI of 85.4% (n=70) and “procedure” with a DERI of 35.4% (n=29).

CONCLUSIONS

The distribution of data element groups in CTs has been heterogeneously described in previous works. Therefore, we recommend identifying the percentage of CTs in which data element groups can be found as a more reliable way to determine the relevance of EC. Only necessary and complementary criteria should be included in this DERI.
MyDiabetic, a serious game to support children’s education in diabetes mellitus I: Iterative Participatory Co-Design and Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Novak Daniel
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND

Gaming applications that are used for purposes beyond entertainment, defined as serious games, with the intention to educate and resolve a problem, may be one timely method to promote healthy diabetes management behaviors within children affected by T1DM.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the serious game My-Diabetic is to teach children not only the relationship between food, insulin, and sports but also to pass on knowledge related to working with a glucometer insulin pen and more advanced technology like, injection of glucagon, measurement of ketoacidosis, continuous glucose measurement and insulin pump.

METHODS

The co-design methodology was applied, involving interviews, design workshops, and prototype feedback sessions. A combination of several approaches as tailoring, observational learning, social and family support, decision-making practice, and rewards systems were used to support children's compliance. Moreover, incorporating the literature, guidelines, and current practices into the design ensured that the game was aligned with established healthcare pathways and incorporated relevant information and best practices for diabetes management.

RESULTS

The game was tested on 32 children in three iterations. We met with positive response from children who tested the game and their parents. The game was also presented to 5 schoolmates of T1DM's children who appreciated a better understanding of the disease and the opportunity to support their friends more efficiently in T1DM compensation. The involvement of children, family caregivers, and clinicians in participatory co-design contributed to a very good acceptance of the game.

CONCLUSIONS

The game is especially suitable for newly diagnosed children because it acquaints them in a fun way with new terminology, they are able to try, for example, glycemic measurements in an interactive way. The game caters to children who have not yet developed reading skills by including an audio guide. This ensures that children of all literacy levels can benefit from the game's educational content and interactive experiences. The game is available for download on Google Play and the Apple Store markets.
Integrating at-scale health data into doctoral training (Preprint)
Authors: Nichols Thomas E , Eyre David W , Doherty Aiden
Published: June 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

There is growing demand for data scientists with specialization in healthcare data, and in particular with experience of analyzing large-scale data to address clinical research questions. We describe an approach to training based on intensive, 2-week data challenges, where students work in small groups, each assigned a clinical collaborator who guides the analysis and interpretation of the data to address a particular question. We review the key elements and operational complexities of delivering healthcare data challenges in order to promote their use in other training programs.