bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expanded taxonomies of human memory
Authors: Finley Jason R.
Published: January 2025

What is human memory? Evidence from cognitive psychology and neuroscience supports the view that human memory is composed of multiple subsystems. The influential “modal model” of the late 1960s proposed a sensory register, short-term store, and long-term store. Refinements and expansions to this taxonomy followed, including the construct of working memory, itself with several components, to replace earlier simpler ideas of short-term memory. Long-term memory appears to also consist of several subsystems, which can be broadly divided into explicit (declarative) vs. implicit (nondeclarative). Explicit long-term memory can be further subdivided into episodic vs. semantic, and implicit long-term memory includes subtypes such as procedural memory, priming, classical conditioning, and habituation. All of the above take place in the human brain, driven by neurons and the processes of long-term potentiation and depression. I previously proposed an expanded taxonomy that included external memory, which is information stored outside of an individual's brain, subdivided into social (information stored in other people) and technological (information stored in the human-made environment, either low-tech such as paper, or high-tech such as computers). In this manuscript, I propose even further expanded taxonomies of human memory, based on my view that memory is the transmission of information across time. The second expansion encompasses numerous biological systems beside the brain, including the immune system, genetics (DNA and epigenetics), and traces of the past stored elsewhere in the body (skin, hair, body modification, nails, bones and teeth, muscles and movement, voice, digestion and excretion, blood, reproductive systems, fat, lungs, and body-based numerical representation). The third expansion distinguishes between individual and collective memory (shared memory of a social group), revisits the other systems using the lens of collective memory, and adds natural external memory. Fruitful insights are possible from considering these expanded taxonomies using traditional ideas from cognitive psychology (e.g., encoding, storage, retrieval, forgetting). I explore numerous parallels, distinctions, and interplays.
The persistent global disparities in environmental and climate communication scholarship
Authors: Bera Sohinee , Vilchez Amanda , Muenster Roxana M.
Published: January 2025

Introduction

As the climate crisis progresses, it is clear that environmental catastrophes are unequally distributed and unequally caused. The Global South is disproportionately affected by the consequences of climate change despite being less responsible for some of its anthropogenic causes, compared to the Global North.

Methods

To understand whether environmental and climate communication scholarship reflect the global nature of these crises, we conducted a publication review of 505 articles published in the top-producing journals of climate communication between 2020 and 2022, along with an authorship survey and keyword network analysis. We investigate who conducts environmental and climate communication research, the geographic focus and contextualization of the research, and the thematic focus of the research.

Results

The Global North dominates in authorship (93%) and research focus (67%), while the Global South affiliated authors make up a fraction of the sample (7%) and of the research focus (12%), revealing a gap in scholarship based in and about the Global South. While articles across the Global North and the Global South focused on climate change and adaptation, articles about the Global South more prominently focused on disasters, vulnerability, and risk management.

Conclusion

The review highlights the need for greater diversity in environmental and climate communication publishing and suggests consistent geographic naming practices in titles to achieve a more inclusive academy.
The association between primary frozen shoulder and serum lipids may be overestimated: evidence based on retrospective observational studies and Mendelian randomization
Authors: Zhang Yongchao , Fan Wenhao , Wang Yichang , Dong Tengjing , Liu Deding , Shao Yiming
Published: January 2025

Background

Previous studies have shown that dyslipidemia is significantly associated with primary frozen shoulder and may be a risk factor for the development of primary frozen shoulder. However, these findings may be biased by a number of confounding factors. We investigated the association between serum lipids and primary frozen shoulder by retrospective analysis and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.

Methods

This retrospective observational study included 284 patients with primary frozen shoulder diagnosed from October 2020 to October 2023 at four centers as the experimental group. Patients with diabetes and thyroid dysfunction were excluded. The control group consisted of age- and sex-matched people who underwent a health checkup. We compared total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) between the two groups. Genetic variants for the serum lipids and frozen shoulder were then extracted from large-scale genome-wide association studies. Causal effects were assessed using Inverse variance weighting (IVW), Weighted median, MR-Egger, simple and weighted models in MR analysis.

Results

The analysis showed that after excluding patients with diabetes and thyroid dysfunction, the serum lipids (TC, TG, HDL, and LDL) in the primary frozen shoulder group were no different from those of normal individuals. None of the MR methods found significant causal evidence between them.

Conclusions

Dyslipidemia in patients with primary frozen shoulder may be influenced by confounding factors such as diabetes and thyroid dysfunction. These findings deepen our understanding of primary frozen shoulder risk factors.
Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis between primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid and squamous cell carcinoma combined with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Yan Wanyun , Chen Huiying , Lin Xiaoyu , Zhou Ruifa , Zhao Feng , Su Jiping
Published: January 2025

Background

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid (PSCCT) has recently been reclassified as a morphologic pattern of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Consequently, PSCCT and squamous cell carcinoma with papillary thyroid carcinoma (SCC-PTC) were categorized as ATC. However, in terms of clinical characteristics and overall prognosis, whether PSCCT is similar to SCC-PTC has yet to be sufficiently investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the differences and similarities between PSCCT and SCC-PTC regarding clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid in our institution from December 2009 to December 2020. In addition, the publications in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were systematically searched to collect patient information. According to pathological diagnosis, patients were divided into the PSCCT and SCC-PTC groups, and compared their clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis, respectively.

Results

308 patients in the PSCCT group and 60 patients in the SCC-PTC group were enrolled in the study. There were significant differences in gender, age, T stage, N stage, M stage, symptoms at diagnosis, and TTF-1 expression between the two groups. Patients in the SCC-PTC group with more frequent radioactive iodine therapy, surgery, and less frequent radiotherapy than PSCCT. In addition, PSCCT and SCC-PTC also demonstrated similarities in tracheal invasion, esophageal invasion, CK5/6 expression, TG expression, P53 expression, and chemotherapy frequency. The 3-year overall survival rate of PSCCT (19.1%) was lower than that of SCC-PTC (34.6%). The prognostic factors were different between the two groups. Multivariable analysis shows that the N stage, M stage, radiotherapy, and tracheal invasion were related to the prognosis of PSCCT, while only the T stage was associated with the prognosis in SCC-PTC.

Conclusions

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were not identical in patients with SCC-PTC and PSCCT. These findings indicated that different clinical treatment and management plans are required for patients with these two types of thyroid cancer.
Exploring prognosis and therapeutic strategies for HBV-HCC patients based on disulfidptosis-related genes
Authors: Zhang Chuankuo , Zhang Xing , Dai Shengjie , Yang Wenjun
Published: January 2025

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for over 80% of primary liver cancers and is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the primary etiological factor. Disulfidptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death. This study aims to develop a novel HBV-HCC prognostic signature related to disulfidptosis and explore potential therapeutic approaches through risk stratification based on disulfidptosis.

Methods

Transcriptomic data from HBV-HCC patients were analyzed to identify BHDRGs. A prognostic model was established and validated using machine learning, with internal datasets and external datasets for verification. We then performed immune cell infiltration analysis, tumor microenvironment (TME) analysis, and immunotherapy-related analysis based on the prognostic signature. Besides, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry were conducted.

Results

A prognostic model was constructed using five genes (DLAT, STC2, POF1B, S100A9, and CPS1). A corresponding prognostic nomogram was developed based on riskScores, age, stage. Stratification by median risk score revealed a significant correlation between the prognostic signature and TME, tumor immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy efficacy, and drug sensitivity. The results of the experiments indicate that DLAT expression is higher in tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissues. DLAT expression is higher in HBV-HCC tumor tissues compared to normal tissues.

Conclusion

This study stratifies HBV-HCC patients into distinct subgroups based on BHDRGs, establishing a prognostic model with significant implications for prognosis assessment, TME remodeling, and personalized therapy in HBV-HCC patients.
Case report: Successful treatment with spesolimab of acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau in an older patient without IL36RN mutations
Authors: Zheng Jianfeng , Ding Yangfeng , Shi Yuling , Yi Xuemei
Published: January 2025

Background

Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH) is a rare, sterile pustular psoriasis variant refractory to many conventional treatments. The eruption typically occurs after local trauma or infection; other etiologies include neural, inflammatory, and genetic causes. Herein we reported a single case of a 64-year-old patient with ACH that was successfully treated with spesolimab for 19 weeks.

Case summary

A 64-year-old Chinese male with no personal or known family history of psoriasis had recurrent episodes of redness, swelling, and pustules in the nail bed on seven fingers with progressive degeneration of the nails. The patient was monitored as to the evolution of the disease over half of a year before he referred his case to our attention. A diagnosis of ACH was made, allowing for the administration of local steroids and oral acitretin. However, after 3 months of acitretin treatment, no improvement was observed. In December 2023, this patient came to our inpatient department; his modified nail psoriasis severity index score was 32. Before starting treatment, a comprehensive set of laboratory and instrumental tests were all found to be negative. Moreover, whole-exome sequencing was performed in our patient, and it revealed no rare coding variant in IL36RN, CARD14, or AP1S3. Therefore, the patient was administrated with a dose of 900 mg spesolimab. After 10 days, the patient showed a significant decrease in discomfort and pain. In order to strengthen the therapeutic effect, he was given the second dose of 900 mg spesolimab after 4 weeks. After 19 weeks of spesolimab treatment, the patient’s nail lesions showed complete resolution, and no adverse effects were reported.

Conclusion

The case report suggests that spesolimab may offer significant therapeutic benefits for ACH.
Characterization of NOD-like receptor-based molecular heterogeneity in glioma and its association with immune micro-environment and metabolism reprogramming
Authors: Lu Chunlin , Ma Huihao , Wang Jie , Sun Fei , Fei Mingyang , Li Ying , Liu Jing , Dong Bin
Published: January 2025

Background and purpose

The characteristics and role of NOD-like receptor (NLR) signaling pathway in high-grade gliomas were still unclear. This study aimed to reveal the association of NLR with clinical heterogeneity of glioblastoma (GBM) patients, and to explore the role of NLR pathway hub genes in the occurrence and development of GBM.

Methods

Transcriptomic data from 496 GBM patients with complete prognostic information were obtained from the TCGA, GEO, and CGGA databases. Using the NMF clustering algorithm and the expression profiles of NLR genes, these 496 GBM patients were classified into different clinical subtypes. The pathway activity of NLR and the immune micro-environment characteristics were then compared between these subtypes. A novel and accurate NLR expression profile-based prognostic marker for GBM was developed using LASSO and COX regression analysis.

Results

Based on the NLR gene expression profile, GBM patients were accurately divided into two clinical subtypes (C1 and C2) with different clinical outcomes. The two groups of patients showed different immune microenvironment characteristics and metabolic characteristics, which might be the potential reason for the difference in prognosis. Differential expression and enrichment analyzes revealed intrinsic gene signature differences between C1 and C2 subtypes. Based on the differential expression profiles of C1 and C2, prognostic molecular markers related to NLR were developed. The AUC value of the 3-year ROC curve ranged from 0.601 to 0.846, suggesting its potential clinical significance. Single-cell sequencing analysis showed that the NLR gene was mainly active in myeloid cells within GBM. The random forest algorithm identified the crucial role of TRIP6 gene in NLR pathway. Molecular biology experiments confirmed that TRIP6 was abnormally overexpressed in GBM. Knockdown of TRIP6 gene can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration ability of GBM cells.

Conclusion

The NLR signaling pathway plays a critical role in regulating immune microenvironment and metabolism reprogramming of GBM. TRIP6 is a potential hub gene within the NLR pathway and affects the malignant biological behavior of GBM cells.
Composition of pelagic fish in commercial landings of the longline fishery in the Costa Rica Pacific during 2015-2021
Authors: Centeno-Chaves Allison , Marrari Marina , Arias-Zumbado Fausto , García-Rojas Andrea , Mug-Villanueva Moisés
Published: January 2025

Longline fishing in the Pacific of Costa Rica targets multiple species of large pelagic fishes and faces challenges in assessment due to lack of data. This study analyzes landing data of pelagic fish in this fishery using unconventional statistical methods, to better understand the dynamics and provide recommendations for improving data collection and analysis. Landing data reported during 2015-2021 were examined. A descriptive and comparative analysis of landings was conducted using Spearman correlation tests and Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) to visualize patterns in catch composition. Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA) and Similarity Percentage Analysis (SIMPER) were employed to identify significant differences between fleet types, landing ports, months, and years, as well as species contribution to these differences. The annual mean total landing of large pelagic fish was 7531.01 tons, with 39.14% corresponding to sharks, 24.34% to billfish (Istiophoridae and Xiphiidae), 18.05% to mahi-mahi, and 14.94% to tuna. Statistically significant differences were found between fleet types, landing ports, months, and years. Shark landings were the least correlated (rho=0.36) and had the greatest influence on variation by fleet type. An increase in the similarity of catch composition by port since 2015 was observed. In addition, a shift towards increasingly less selective fishing over the study period was evident. Our findings highlight the urgent need for advanced research methodologies to address gaps in data collection for commercial fisheries in Costa Rica. Improving these methods is crucial to ensure that management policies are based on accurate and comprehensive information. Results highlight the need for a comprehensive strategy involving diverse stakeholders to improve our understanding and ensure the sustainability of fisheries and the preservation of marine ecosystems in Costa Rica.
Efficacy and safety of hydroxyurea therapy on patients with β-thalassemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Tianmin , Jiang Huixian , Tang Ganling , Li Jingyi , Huang Xiaoman , Huang Zhenguang , Zhang Hongliang
Published: January 2025

Objective

Our aim is to review the safety and efficacy of hydroxyurea (HU) on β-thalassemia patients.

Methods

Studies that evaluated the safety and efficacy of HU on β-thalassemia patients were searched in Pub-Med, Cochrane Databases, Web of Science, China-Biology-Medicine, CNKI, Embase, VIP, and WanFang data. The proportions of response rate (RR) (50% fall in transfusion need in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia patients, or 1 g/dL elevate in hemoglobin (Hb) levels in transfusion-independent β-thalassemia patients) and good RR (transfusion-free in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia patients or 2 g/dL elevate in Hb levels in transfusion-independent β-thalassemia patients) were utilized to evaluate the effect size (ES). The secondary outcomes were the adverse events incidence rates of HU in β-thalassemia patients.

Results

Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 25 single-armed observational studies with typically 1,748 individuals were involved in our analysis. All 27 clinical trials were reported with fair quality. HU, in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia patients, was related to a significant decrease in transfusion requirements [a pooled RR of 0.37 and a pooled good RR of 0.65 (95% CI, 0.53–0.76)]; in transfusion-independent β-thalassemia patients, it was correlated to an excellent raise in Hb levels [a pooled RR of 0.20 (95% CI, 0.08–0.35) and a pooled good RR of 0.53 (95% CI, 0.41–0.65)]. Neutropenia and leucopenia were the most prevalent adverse events in β-thalassemia patients treated with HU, while the incidence rates of other side effects were relatively lower.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrated that β-thalassemia patients tolerated and responded well to HU. Due to the control arms absence in the involved studies, more double-masked RCTs are essential for proving the safety and efficacy of HU in β-thalassemia patients.
Association between neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: evidence from NHANES 2017–2020
Authors: Zhu Na , Li Yanyan , Lin Yingying , Cui XinYu , Li Xin
Published: January 2025

Background

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is closely associated with chronic inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders. The neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) is an integrative marker reflecting inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism disorders and is associated with various diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association between NHR and NAFLD, MASLD, and liver fibrosis.

Methods

Data for this study were obtained from the 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we employed weighted multiple regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis to assess the relationship between NHR and NAFLD, MASLD, and liver fibrosis. Additionally, we performed stratified analyses based on gender, age, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, smoking status, and history of cardiovascular disease to evaluate the consistency of these associations across different subgroups.

Results

A total of 6,526 participants were included in the study. 2,839 (weighted 44.1%) participants were diagnosed with NAFLD and 2,813 (weighted 43.7%) participants were diagnosed with MASLD. After adjusting for confounders, NHR was positively associated with the risk of NAFLD/MASLD, and the correlation was particularly significant in the subgroups of females, those without hypertension, and those without diabetes (p < 0.05). By the NHR quartile, the risk of NAFLD/MASLD increased progressively with higher NHR levels (P for trend <0.001). In addition, RCS analysis showed a nonlinear association between NHR and NAFLD/MASLD and liver fibrosis (P-non-linear <0.05).

Conclusion

NHR may serve as a potential marker for NAFLD/MASLD and liver fibrosis, and lowering NHR levels could help reduce the incidence of these conditions.
Static and dynamic brain functional connectivity patterns in patients with unilateral moderate-to-severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis
Authors: Wang Junjun , Song Linfeng , Tian Binlin , Yang Li , Gu Xiaoyu , Chen Xu , Gao Lei , Jiang Lin
Published: January 2025

Background and purpose

Asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS) is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment, affecting cognitive function across multiple domains. This study aimed to explore differences in static and dynamic intrinsic functional connectivity and temporal dynamics between patients with ACS and those without carotid stenosis.

Methods

We recruited 30 patients with unilateral moderate-to-severe (stenosis ≥ 50%) ACS and 30 demographically-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent neuropsychological testing and 3.0T brain MRI scans. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) was used to calculate both static and dynamic functional connectivity. Dynamic independent component analysis (dICA) was employed to extract independent circuits/networks and to detect time-frequency modulation at the circuit level. Further imaging-behavior associations identified static and dynamic functional connectivity patterns that reflect cognitive decline.

Results

ACS patients showed altered functional connectivity in multiple brain regions and networks compared to controls. Increased connectivity was observed in the inferior parietal lobule, frontal lobe, and temporal lobe. dICA further revealed changes in the temporal frequency of connectivity in the salience network. Significant differences in the temporal variability of connectivity were found in the fronto-parietal network, dorsal attention network, sensory-motor network, language network, and visual network. The temporal parameters of these brain networks were also related to overall cognition and memory.

Conclusions

These results suggest that ACS involves not only changes in the static large-scale brain network connectivity but also dynamic temporal variations, which parallel overall cognition and memory recall.
Boosting catalytic efficiency of nanostructured CuO-supported doped-CeO2 in oxidative coupling of benzyl amines to N-benzylidenebenzyl amines and benzimidazoles: impact of acidic and defect sites
Authors: Sakinala Sailatha , Kothoori Naga Pranava Sree , Jeedi Suman , Varkolu Mohan , Baithy Mallesham
Published: January 2025

This study presents the rational synthesis of Cu-supported doped-CeO2 catalysts designed for the oxidation of benzylamine, both in the absence and presence of 1,2-diaminobenzene. The catalysts were prepared using a two-step method and characterized by various techniques, including XRD, Raman spectroscopy, BET surface area analysis, NH3-TPD, pyridine-FTIR, H2-TPR, XPS, SEM, and TEM. Raman and XPS analyses confirmed the presence of oxygen vacancy sites, with CuO/CeO2-ZrO2 displaying the highest concentration of these sites. H2-TPR revealed strong metal-support interactions, while NH3-TPD indicated that CuO/CeO2-ZrO2 possessed the greatest number of acidic sites. The pyridine-FTIR results indicates both the acidic sites present on the catalyst surface. The Cu/CeZr sample exhibits the lowest Iu////ITotal ratio (0.0567) compared to the Cu/Ce (0.0843) and Cu/CeSi (0.0672) samples, indicating a higher number of Ce3+ species or a greater number of oxygen defect sites in the sample. The catalyst demonstrated excellent performance in converting benzylamine to imines and was also highly effective in the synthesis of benzimidazole from benzylamine and 1,2-diaminobenzene, broadening its application potential. The superior catalytic activity is attributed to the abundant oxygen vacancies, redox properties, strong metal-support interactions, and acidic sites. Furthermore, the CuO/CeO2-ZrO2 catalyst maintained its efficiency over five consecutive cycles, exhibiting robustness, high functional group tolerance, and reduced reaction times, making it a promising system for diverse catalytic applications.
Predictive value of lymphocyte-associated inflammation index in post-stroke cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mao Feng-le , He Xia , Huang Xia-lian , Cheng Yue-ming , Qin Fu-li , Wang Yan-qiu
Published: January 2025

Background

The predictive role of the lymphocyte-associated inflammation index in post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remains controversial. Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis to update the evidence.

Methods

This meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Six databases were systematically searched from their inception to May 5, 2024. Two investigators independently conducted literature screening and data extraction for the included studies. Two investigators independently assessed the quality of the included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Combined effect sizes were calculated using weighted mean difference (WMD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was tested using the chi-square (χ2) test (Cochran’s Q) and index of inconsistency (I2), Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s regression test.

Results

This systematic review included a total of 16 studies, encompassing 3,406 patients. Meta-analysis revealed that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels were significantly higher in the PSCI group compared to the non-PSCI group (WMD: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.85, 1.40; p < 0.00001). Similarly, the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) levels were significantly higher in the PSCI group compared to the non-PSCI group (WMD: 16.80; 95% CI: 4.30, 29.29; p = 0.008). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups concerning hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) scores (WMD: -12.78; 95% CI: −25.95, 0.38; p = 0.06) and lymphocyte count (WMD: -0.13; 95% CI: −0.34, 0.07; p = 0.20).

Conclusion

Increased levels of PLR and NLR are strongly associated with the PSCI, which may serve as an effective tool for predicting PSCI. However, there is insufficient evidence to support a direct relationship between HALP scores, lymphocyte count, and PSCI.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023462232.
Genetically predicted causal link between the plasma lipidome and pancreatic diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lin Liaoyi , Huang Yingbao , Qian Songzan , Chen Lifang , Sun Houzhang
Published: January 2025

Background

Recent studies have increasingly emphasized the strong correlation between the lipidome and the risk of pancreatic diseases. To determine causality, a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to identify connections between the lipidome and pancreatic diseases.

Methods

Statistics from a genome-wide association study of the plasma lipidome, which included a diverse array of 179 lipid species, were obtained from the GeneRISK cohort study with 7,174 participants. Genetic associations with four types of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer were sourced from the R11 release of the FinnGen consortium. Two pancreatitis datasets from UK Biobank were employed as the validation cohort. MR analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between the genetically predicted plasma lipidome and these pancreatic diseases. Inverse variance weighted was adopted as the main statistical method. Bayesian weighted MR was employed for further verification. The MR-Egger intercept test for pleiotropy and Cochrane's Q statistics test for heterogeneity were performed to ensure the robustness.

Results

MR analysis yielded significant evidence that 26, 25, 2, and 19 lipid species were correlated with diverse outcomes of pancreatitis, and 8 lipid species were correlated with pancreatic cancer. Notably, sterol ester (27:1/20:2) levels (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78–0.90, P = 5.79 × 10−7) were significantly associated with acute pancreatitis, and phosphatidylcholine (17:0_20:4) levels (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84–0.94, P = 1.78 × 10−4) and sterol ester (27:1/20:4) levels (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86–0.95, P = 2.71 × 10−4) levels were significantly associated with chronic pancreatitis after the Bonferroni-corrected test. As for validation, 14 and 9 lipid species were correlated with acute and chronic pancreatitis of UK Biobank. Some lipid classes showed significant effects both in the FinnGen consortium and UK Biobank datasets.

Conclusions

The findings of this study indicate a potential genetic predisposition linking the plasma lipidome to pancreatic diseases and good prospects for future pancreatic disease clinical trials.
Sugar-sweetened beverages, relative grip strength, and psychological symptoms among rural adolescents in western China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Yanni , Xiong Jianping , Sun Rong , Chai Guangxin , Xiong Li
Published: January 2025

Background

The increasing prevalence of psychological symptoms in adolescents has become an important problem faced by all countries in the world. The increased sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption and the decreased muscle strength had a serious negative impact on adolescent health. However, previous studies have mainly focused on adolescents in developed countries and fewer studies have been conducted in developing countries, especially in rural areas of western China. This study aims to explore the association of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, and relative grip strength with psychological symptoms among rural adolescents in western China.

Methods

In this study, 11,018 adolescents aged 13–18 years from rural areas of Xinjiang and Tibet in western China were recruited using stratified randomized whole-cluster sampling in 2023. The participants were assessed for sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, relative grip strength, and psychological symptoms. Non-parametric tests, t-tests, logistic regression analyses, and ordered logistic regression analyses of generalized linear models were used to analyze the associations of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and relative grip strength with psychological symptoms in adolescents.

Results

The proportions of adolescents with sugar-sweetened beverages consumption of <1 times/week, 2–4 times/week, and >4 times/week in rural areas of western China were 34.6, 52.7, and 12.7%, respectively. The prevalence of adolescents’ emotional problems, behavioral problems, social adjustment difficulties, and psychological symptoms were 28.7, 27.0, 20.2, and 22.1%, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of grip strength among adolescents was assessed as (32.52 ± 10.13) kg and the relative grip strength was (0.60 ± 0.16) in rural areas of western China. Taking participants with sugar-sweetened beverages consumption <1 times/week group and relative grip strength at the fourth quartile as the reference, participants with SSB consumption >4 times/week and relative grip strength at the first quartile had the highest risk (OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 2.09–3.67, p < 0.001) of psychological symptoms.

Conclusion

Elevated sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and decreased relative grip strength were associated with an increased prevalence of psychological symptoms. Prospective cohort studies are needed in the future to explore the causal relationships among SSB consumption, muscle strength, and psychological symptoms.
Case report: A rare case of chondrosarcoma-like malignant giant cell tumor in adolescent rib: diagnostic challenges and treatment
Authors: Qin Zhuolin , Li Longqian , Jing Tao , Wang Cheng
Published: January 2025

Chondrosarcoma-like malignant giant cell tumor (GCT) of the rib is an extremely rare and aggressive tumor, particularly in adolescents. This case report describes a 19-year-old female presenting with a GCT of the rib with chondrosarcomatous differentiation, highlighting the challenges posed by its unusual location and pathological complexity. Multidisciplinary diagnostic approaches, including advanced imaging, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and pathology, were essential for confirming the diagnosis. Key IHC markers such as Vimentin, SMA, and CD163, alongside genetic analysis excluding H3F3A mutations, guided the diagnostic process. The patient underwent successful surgical resection, achieving early recovery without adjuvant therapy. This report underscores the importance of early detection, precise pathological evaluation, and individualized surgical treatment for rare and high-risk tumors, emphasizing the need for long-term follow-up to monitor recurrence.
Drug-induced heart failure: a real-world pharmacovigilance study using the FDA adverse event reporting system database
Authors: Huang Youqi , Chen Xiaowen , Chen Mingyu , Lin Yuze , Chen Bingqi , Gao Hongjin , Chen Min
Published: January 2025

Objective

Although there are certain drug categories associated with heart failure (HF), most of the associated risks are unclear. We investigated the top drugs associated with HF and acute HF (AHF) reported in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods

We reviewed publicly available FAERS databases from 2004 to 2023. Using the search terms “cardiac failure” or “cardiac failure acute” and classifying cases by drug name, we processed and analyzed drug reports related to HF or AHF.

Results

From 2004 to 2023, 17,379,609 adverse drug events were reported by FAERS, of which 240,050 (1.38%) were reported as HF. Among those with HF, the male-to-female ratio was 0.94% and 52.37% were >65 years old; 46.2% were from the United States. There were 5,971 patients with AHF. We identified 38 drugs and 13 drug classes with a potential high risk of causing HF, and 41 drugs and 19 drug classes were associated with AHF. The median onset times of HF and AHF were 83 days (IQR: 11–416) and 49 days (IQR: 8–259), respectively. The Weibull shape parameter (WSP) test showed early failure-type profile characteristics.

Conclusion

This study highlights key drugs associated with drug-induced HF and AHF, emphasizing the importance of early risk assessment and close monitoring, particularly during the initial stages of treatment. These findings contribute to a better understanding of drug-induced HF and provide a basis for future research on its underlying mechanisms.
The relationship between moral sensitivity and prosocial behavior in college students: the mediating roles of moral disengagement and reciprocity norms
Authors: Li Zhiyong , Wang Danqi , Liao Junhe , Jin Zhibin
Published: January 2025

Introduction

This study examined the relationship between moral sensitivity and prosocial behavior, as well as the mediating role of moral disengagement and reciprocity norms.

Methods

Totally 567 college students completed Dispositional Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, Moral Disengagement Scale for Chinese Students, Reciprocity Norm Scale, Prosocial Tendencies Measure for Adolescent.

Results

The results showed that, moral disengagement and reciprocity norms played multiple mediating roles between moral sensitivity and prosocial behavior. Specifically, moral sensitivity affected prosocial behavior through the independent mediating effect of moral disengagement, reciprocity norms, as well as the chain mediating effect of moral disengagement and reciprocity norms.

Discussion

In summary, this study reveals the mechanism underlying the relationship between moral sensitivity and prosocial behavior, which has certain theoretical and practical significance for promoting college students’ prosocial behavior from the perspective of moral sensitivity.
The effects of heritage multilingualism on foreign language learning: a comparison of children with typical language development and developmental language disorder
Authors: Tribushinina Elena , Boz Betül
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Both multilingualism and developmental language disorder (DLD) may be associated with inferior performance in the majority language, albeit for different reasons. At the same time, there is a growing body of evidence that multilingualism may have a positive effect on foreign language performance. This study tests the hypothesis that the positive effects of multilingualism on foreign language learning may be smaller in children with DLD compared to their multilingual peers with typical language development.

Methods

In a 2 × 2 design, we compare the effects of multilingualism and DLD on English as a foreign language performance and majority language performance of multilinguals and monolinguals with and without DLD. The participants were primary school children (aged 9–13) acquiring Dutch as the majority language and learning English as a school subject. English skills were measured with a vocabulary test, a grammar test and the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN). Dutch skills were assessed with the Litmus Sentence Repetition Task and the MAIN task. The MAIN narratives in both languages were analyzed for fluency, lexical diversity, syntactic complexity and grammatical accuracy. The control variables included age, working memory, declarative memory, procedural memory and (for English) amount of extracurricular exposure and length of instruction. Data were analyzed by means of multilevel linear regression.

Results

The results demonstrate that both multilingualism and DLD were associated with lower scores on the Dutch Sentence Repetition Task and lower grammatical accuracy of narratives. In English, the multilinguals outperformed monolinguals on all measures, except grammatical accuracy of narratives, and the interactions between Background and Group were not significant. Another strong predictor of EFL performance, along with the multilingual status, was extracurricular exposure to English.
A cross-lagged analysis of the relationship between marital quality and depression among the older adults: gender effects of socioeconomic status
Authors: Fang Bi-Ji , Leong Kai-Seng , Tan Hong-Xiu
Published: January 2025

Objective

This study aimed to explore the mechanism and gender effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between marital quality and depression among the older adults, with the intention of providing a practical foundation for enhancing the quality of life of the older adults.

Methods

The data sourced from the third (conducted in 2015, denoted as the first survey) and fourth (carried out in 2018, regarded as the second survey) installments of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) were meticulously analyzed through the utilization of cross-lagged analytical techniques and moderating effect examination methodologies.

Results

Among the older adults, there exists a reciprocal causal relationship between marital quality and the level of depression. Specifically, the marital quality as measured in the first survey was found to significantly prognosticate the depression level in the second survey (β = 0.05, p < 0.05). Conversely, the depression level in the first survey was also demonstrated to significantly forecast the marital quality in the second survey (β = 0.15, p < 0.01). Regarding the moderating role of socioeconomic status, it was observed that among the older adult women, socioeconomic status exerted a moderating influence on the impact of depression on marital quality (β = 0.05, p < 0.05), whereas among the older adult men, their socioeconomic status failed to display a significant moderating effect (β = 0.02, p > 0.05). In a contrasting manner, for the older adult men, the socioeconomic status played a moderating role in the effect of marital quality on depression (β = −0.05, p < 0.01), while for the older adult women, it did not exhibit a moderating effect (β = −0.01, p > 0.05).

Conclusion

There exists a reciprocal causal nexus between the marital quality and depression among the older adults. To enhance the life quality of the older adults, it behooves communities and families to proactively focus more on the older adults with subpar marital quality or afflicted by depression, and to disrupt the cyclic interplay between these two variables.
Study on the construction of multi-level protection system for non-emergency transfer under the perspective of structuring
Authors: Liu Wei , Chen Ruiqiang
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The non-emergency transfer multi-level protection system is a pivotal livelihood endeavor in China, serving as a vital diversified component within the robust framework of a Chinese-style modern social security system. This system faces various challenges, including displacement of emergency capacity by non-emergency demands, uneven allocation of transfer resources, service quality variations, inadequate management structures, limited regulatory frameworks, and social acceptance issues.

Methods

Leveraging structural theory, this study analyzes the primary issues in the current implementation of China’s non-emergency transfer security system. A structured approach is employed to investigate these challenges and propose solutions.

Results

The study identifies key areas for improvement in the non-emergency transfer security system. It highlights the need for an enhanced internal resource allocation mechanism to boost service efficiency, skilled workforce development to improve service quality, optimized management systems and coordination mechanisms to strengthen patient confidence in recovery, and strengthened comprehensive information technology management for market oversight.

Discussion

The proposed structured approach aims to foster sustainable development of the non-emergency transfer security system within a positive feedback loop. The recommendations aim to address the identified challenges and enhance the overall effectiveness of the system. By improving resource allocation, workforce skills, management systems, and information technology, the study suggests fostering deeper emotional engagement and connections, ultimately contributing to the system’s long-term success.
The relationship between impostor phenomenon and emotional exhaustion among Chinese nurses: the mediating role of bi-directional work-family conflict
Authors: Li Yuan , Qiu Fangxinrui , Luo Biru , Hu Yanling , Li Jie , Li Ying Xin , He Ping , Fang Jinbo
Published: January 2025

Aims

The study aims to explore the relationship between impostor phenomenon and emotional exhaustion among nurses and to examine the potential mediating role of bi-directional work–family conflict.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling was conducted from January to April 2023, involving 4,088 Chinese nurses. Of those, 3,977 nurses across 43 public hospitals completed the web-based survey that included a sociodemographic information questionnaire, the short Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, the Bi-directional Scale of Work–Family Conflict, and the Emotional Exhaustion Scale. SPSS with Hayes’s PROCESS v4.2 Macro was employed to examine the mediation model using bootstrap techniques.

Results

After controlling for confounding factors, impostor phenomenon was found to have a direct positive effect on emotional exhaustion (𝛽 = 0.134, 95% CI [0.122 to 0.145]); the two dimensions of work–family conflict, work interfering with family (𝛽 = 0.099, 95% CI [0.090 to 0.109]) and family interfering with work (𝛽 = 0.017, 95% CI [0.012 to 0.022]), served as parallel mediators in the relationship between impostor phenomenon and emotional exhaustion. Compared to family interfering with work, impostor phenomenon had a greater influence on emotional exhaustion through the mediation of work interfering with family, with a difference in the mediating effects of 0.082 (95% CI [0.073 to 0.096]). (The symbol β denotes the regression coefficient, estimated through mediation analysis using a bias-corrected bootstrapping procedure. CI represents the confidence interval for the specified parameter).

Conclusion

This study reveals that impostor phenomenon not only directly affects emotional exhaustion but also exerts parallel mediation effects through bi-directional work–family conflict, with work interfering with family exerting a stronger mediating effect than family interfering with work. The findings elucidate the complex interplay between impostor phenomenon, an intrapersonal psychological factor, and work–family conflict, an interpersonal stressor, in contributing to emotional exhaustion among Chinese nurses, providing valuable insights to guide efforts aimed at safeguarding nurses’ mental health and well-being.