bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study Abroad Levels: Toward a Classification of Program Types
Authors: Engle Lilli , Engle John
Published: May 2020

As we begin to gather assessment data about study abroad outcomes, how can we analyze it intelligently when we have no precise language to differentiate or categorize the types of study abroad experiences associated with that data? How can we contribute to the clear articulation of educational goals in study abroad, goals that can serve as a counterweight to more and more prevalent “student client” expectations? How—drawing students out of their “comfort zones” instead of creating such zones abroad—can we bring renewed value and prestige to the rewarding difficulty and essential challenge inherent in the process of adaptation to cultural difference?

As the statistics of Open Doors each year reveal, overall numbers of U.S. overseas study participants have increased steadily and, at times, impressively during the last two decades. And, with study abroad becoming each year a more attractive “recruiting tool” in the “market” for prospective students, such increases in numbers will likely continue. Unfortunately, the road toward rising student participation is insufficiently mapped and signposted as it traverses an international education landscape made ever more complex by choices in program focus, destination, duration, participant preparation and ideal outcome. To articulate and refine our understanding of the differences that characterize this terrain, we will need guides of greater precision.

Clearly, it is time to draw distinctions of a qualitative sort—time for international education professionals to consider seriously the elaboration and adoption of one such guide, a hierarchical classification of program types.
HUBUNGAN KESIAPAN BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMP NEGERI 1 WRINGINANOM
Authors: Devisafitri Assisca , Pramonoadi
Published: May 2020

Pada era pendidikan saat ini sebagian besar sekolah telah menerapkan kurikulum K-13. Pada kurikulum ini siswa diharapkan lebih aktif dalam kegiatan proses belajar mengajar. Keberhasilan kegiatan tersebut dapat terlihat dan diukur melalui evaluasi sebagai hasil belajar yang dicapai selama mengikuti proses belajar mengajar. Namun, pada hasil belajar siswa ada fakor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil yang diperoleh siswa. Faktor-faktor tersebut ada dua macam yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Didalam faktor internal terdapat salah satu faktor yaitu faktor kesiapan. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah “Apakah  ada hubungan kesiapan belajar siswa dengan hasil belajar siswa SMP Negeri 1 Wringinanom”. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan kesiapan belajar siswa dengan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada peneitian ini adalah jenis penelitian  kuantitatif. Dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling di SMP Negeri 1 Wringinanom sehingga diperoleh dua kelas yaitu keas VIII-H dan VIII-I. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode angket dan tes. Dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaituuji korelasi product-moment. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis data,uji korelasi product-momentmenunjukkan hasil korelasi (〖r_xy/r〗_hitung) sebesar 0,625227, pada penelitian ini taraf signifikan yang digunakan adalah0,05 sehingga diperolehr_tabel=0,2480<r_hitung=0,625227  maka dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan kesiapan belajar siswa dengan hasil belajar siswa SMP Negeri 1 Wringinanom.
Three Comments on Storm “The Economics and Politics of Social Democracy: A Reconsideration”
Authors: Halevi Joseph , Kriesler Peter , Foley Duncan , Ferguson Thomas
Published: May 2020

This Working Paper presents three separate comments on Servaas Storm’s “The Economics and Politics of Social Democracy: A Reconsideration”. The first is by Joseph Halevi and Peter Kriesler; the second is by Duncan Foley; and the third is by Thomas Ferguson.
Estimating the stability of a bed protection of a weir-mounted tidal turbine
Authors: Verbeek Merel C. , Labeur Robert J. , Uijttewaal Wim S. J.
Published: May 2020

Coastal infrastructure, such as bridges and storm surge barriers with weirs, provides an attractive location for harvesting renewable energy using tidal turbines. Often stone layers are applied downstream of coastal infrastructure to protect the sea bed from erosion. However, little is known about the potential effect of tidal energy extraction on the stability of this granular bed protection. This paper describes a study of the flow conditions influencing the stability of the bed protection downstream of a weir-mounted tidal turbine, using hydrodynamic data of an experimental test. The analysis indicates that the flow recirculation zone downstream of a weir may become shorter and flatter due to the presence of a horizontal-axis turbine. As a result, energetic turbulence eddies can transport more horizontal momentum towards the bed – hence the reason a heavier bed protection may be required for granular beds downstream of weirs when a turbine is installed. This information is essential when designing safe bed protections for coastal infrastructure with tidal turbines.
Numerical investigation of shallow-water effects on hydrokinetic turbine wake recovery
Authors: El Fajri Oumnia , Bhushan Shanti , Thompson David S. , O'Doherty Tim
Published: May 2020

Thrust, power and intermediate wake predictions obtained using resolved rotating blade with sliding mesh simulations for a hydrokinetic turbine (HKT) are assessed using the open-source flow solver OpenFOAM. Single- and two-phase URANS and DES computations are performed for three-blade, 0.5m diameter (D) turbine mounted on a stanchion that intersects the free surface with a tip-speed ratio λ = 6.15. The thrust and power predictions compare within 5% of the experimental data. Results show that the thrust predictions are dominated by the pressure distribution on the blades, whereas the shear stress plays a significant role in the power predictions. The turbine performance showed unsteadiness with amplitudes around 3% of the mean, due to the disruption of the flow each time a blade passed in front of the stanchion. The wake recovery is primarily due to the growth of shear layers (originating from the blade tips) towards the turbine axis, which are primarily caused by the cross-plane turbulent velocity. The shear layer growth is enhanced by the turbulence produced by the stanchion. Predictions of the mean wake profile compared within 10% of the experimental data, which is significant improvement over previous Fluent predictions that showed large errors of 22%. The improved predictions in OpenFOAM is attributed to better turbulence predictions. Two-phase results show that the interaction between the wake and free-surface is initiated by the interaction of stanchion with the free-surface. The free-surface creates a blockage effect that accelerates the flow in the upper bypass region and enhances the wake recovery.
Preface to the special issues of the Thirteenth European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference (EWTEC 2019)
Authors: Vicinanza Diego
Published: May 2020

The 13th EWTEC Conference was held in the beautiful and ancient city of Naples and was organized by CONISMA (National Inter-University Consortium for Marine Sciences) from 1th to 6th Sept. 2019.
USAGE OF INTERNET FOR HEALTH INFORMATION SEEKING AMONG ELDERLY IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Normawati Ahmad  , Abu Bakar Rahman  , Noorlaile Jasman  , Kamarul zaman Salleh  , Siti Nur Farhana Harun  , Manimaran Krishnan  , Mastura Johar
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The Internet is rapidly growing and becoming an easier to access to technology. It functions as important part of almost everyone’s daily life including elderly. Objective: The study was aimed to investigate the patterns of internet usage among elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 23 Elderly Activity Centre throughout Malaysia from August 2017 to October 2017. This centre is a place for senior citizens to conduct routinely/daily activities in the community. It is an oriented service especially for senior citizens. Results: A total of 1400 individuals were sampled in this study, unfortunately the elderly turned up only 799 (57.1%) which aged 60 and above. A self-administered with minimal guidance and face to face interview by trained research assistants were used in this study. The study showed of the total 799 respondents, only 258 (33.0%) who use the internet. Those using the Internet are 89 (30.2%) male and 169 (69.8%) female, respectively. Most of them are government retirees (47.7%). The study found that the reasons of the elderly seeking health information through the internet because it was free (66.3%) as well as easy and fast (56.2%). The study also found that the type of health information sought is information on certain diseases such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension and others (20.9%). With regards to the places of internet access, about 86.8% of the respondents having the internet access at home, followed by internet service provider 42.6% and by Elderly Activity Centre, itself 14.7%. Only 3.5% and 5.8% of respondents access internet at Cyber Cafe and friend’s house respectively. The highest showed that respondents access internet several times in a month 25.5% followed by everyday 22.5% and twice or thrice in a week 17.4%. Overall, 53.5% of elderly claimed internet can be a very helpful resource for finding health information. Discussion: Elderly in Malaysia are becoming more tech-savvy. This change is advantage as it can be used to address and manage health issues and geriatrics care for elderly through strategic dissemination of health information as well as to motivate positive health behaviour through use of technology.

KEYWORDS: Elderly, Internet Use, Health Information Seeking.
THE IMPORTANCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF COURTYARDS
IN CENTRAL ASIAN ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Mahmudov Nasimbek  , Tursunova Dilnoza  , Norimova Saboxon
Published: May 2020

This article describes the history, importance, differences, development, and role of courtyards in Central Asian architecture. Restoration and repair of courtyards in Central Asia, the establishment of defensive zones in all historical monuments, as well as the formation of a system of tourist routes remain a difficult task for today's architecture.
KEYWORDS: Traditional architecture, courtyard, opposite porches, summer room, teracce.
Some algebraic properties of complex Segre quaternoins
Authors: Pogorui Anatoliy , Kolomiiets Tamila
Published: May 2020

This paper deals with the basic properties the algebra of Segre quaternions over the field of complex numbers. We study idempotents, ideals, matrix representation and the Peirce decomposition of this algebra. We also investigate the structure of zeros of a polynomial in Segre complex quaternions by reducing it to the system of four polynomial equations in the complex field. In addition, Cauchy-Riemann type conditions are obtained for the differentiability of a function on the complex Segre quaternionic algebra.
On the solvability of the degenerate Noetherian difference-algebraic boundary value problem
Authors: Chuiko Sergei , Kalinichenko Yaroslav , Popov Nikita
Published: May 2020

The original conditions of solvability and the scheme of finding solutions of a linear Noetherian difference-algebraic boundary-value problem are proposed in the article, while the technique of pseudoinversion of matrices by Moore-Penrose is substantially used. The problem posed in the article continues to study the conditions for solvability of linear Noetherian boundary value problems given in the monographs of A.M. Samoilenko, A.V. Azbelev, V.P. Maximov, L.F. Rakhmatullina and A.A. Boichuk. The study of differential-algebraic boundary-value problems is closely related to the investigation of boundary-value problems for difference equations, initiated in the works of A.A. Markov, S.N. Bernstein, Y.S. Bezikovych, O.O. Gelfond, S.L. Sobolev, V.S. Ryabenkyi, V.B. Demidovych, A. Halanai, G.I. Marchuk, A.A. Samarskyi, Yu.A. Mytropolskyi, D.I. Martyniuk, G.M. Vainiko, A.M. Samoilenko and A.A. Boichuk. On the other hand, the study of boundary-value problems for difference equations is related to the study of differential-algebraic boundary-value problems initiated in the papers of K. Weierstrass, N.N. Lusin and F.R. Gantmacher. Systematic study of differential-algebraic boundary value problems is devoted to the works of S. Campbell, Yu.E. Boyarintsev, V.F. Chistyakov, A.M. Samoilenko, N.A. Perestiyk, V.P. Yakovets, A.A. Boichuk, A. Ilchmann and T. Reis. The study of differential-algebraic boundary value problems is also associated with numerous applications of such problems in the theory of nonlinear oscillations, in mechanics, biology, radio engineering, control theory, motion stability theory. The general case of a linear bounded operator corresponding to the homogeneous part of a linear Noetherian difference-algebraic boundary value problem has no inverse is investigated. The generalized Green operator of a linear difference-algebraic boundary value problem is constructed in the article. The relevance of the study of solvability conditions, as well as finding solutions of linear Noetherian difference-algebraic boundary-value problems, is associated with the widespread use of difference-algebraic boundary-value problems obtained by linearizing nonlinear Noetherian boundary-value problems for systems of ordinary differential and difference equations. Solvability conditions are proposed, as well as the scheme of finding solutions of linear Noetherian difference-algebraic boundary value problems are illustrated in detail in the examples.
The problem of the product of inner radii of four nonoverlapping domains, some of there are symmetric about unit circle
Authors: Bakhtin Alexandr , Zabolotnii Yaroslav
Published: May 2020

Considered in the paper is one quite general problem of
geometric function theory on extremal decomposition of the complex
plane, namely to determine the maximum of product of the inner radii
of $n$ non-overlapping domains $\{B_{k}\}_{k=1}^{n},$, symmetric
with respect to the unit circle, and the power $\gamma$ of the inner
radius of a domain $\{B_ {0}\}$, which contains the origin. Starting
point of the theory of extremal problems on non-overlapping domains
is the result of Lavrent’ev \cite{Lavr} who in 1934 solved the
problem of a product of conformal radii of two mutually
nonoverlapping simply connected domains. It was the first result of
this direction. Goluzin \cite{Goluzin} generalized this problem in
the case of an arbitrary finite number of mutually disjoint domains
and obtained an accurate evaluation for the case of three domains.
Further, Kuzmina \cite{Kuzm} showed that the problem of the
evaluation for the case of four domains is reduced to the smallest
capacity problems in a certain continuum family and received the
exact inequality for $n=4$. For $n\geq5$ full solution of the
problem is not obtained at this time. The problem, considered in
this paper, stated in \cite{Dubinin-1994} by V.N. Dubinin and
earlier in different form by G.P. Bakhtina \cite{Bakhtina-1984}. Let
$a_{0}=0$, $|a_{1}|=\ldots=|a_{n}|=1$, $a_{k}\in B_{k}\in
\overline{\mathbb{C}}$, where $B_{0},\ldots, B_{n}$ are disjoint
domains, and $B_{1},\ldots, B_{n}$ are symmetric about the unit
circle. Find the exact upper bound for
$r^\gamma(B_0,0)\prod\limits_{k=1}^n r(B_k,a_k)$, where $r(B_k,a_k)$
is the inner radius of $B_k$ with respect to $a_k$. For $\gamma=1$
and $n\geq2$ this problem was solved by L.V. Kovalev
\cite{kovalev-2000,kovalev2-2000} and for $\gamma_{n}=0,38n^{2}$ and
$n\geq2$ under the additional assumption that the maximum
$\alpha_{0}$ of the angles between neighbouring line segments $[0,
a_{k}]$ do not exceed $2\pi/\sqrt{2\gamma}$ it was solved in
\cite{BahDenV}. In the present paper this problem is solved for
three non-overlapping symmetric domains and for $0<\gamma\leq1.233$
without additional restrictions, moreover, for the first time such
$1<\gamma$ are considered for this case. Was proved the lemma, by
which it was obtained the estimate of the inner radius of a domain
$\{B_ {0}\}$, which contains the origin. Using this lemma and the
result of paper \cite{BahDenV}, it was proved that for
$\alpha_{0}>2\pi/\sqrt{2\gamma}$ consided product does not exceed
some expression.
Boundary value problems for the generalized analytic and harmonic functions
Authors: Gutlyanskii Vladimir , Nesmelova Olga , Ryazanov Vladimir , Yefimushkin Artem
Published: May 2020

The study of the Dirichlet problem with arbitrary measurable data
for harmonic functions is due to the famous dissertation of Luzin.
Later on, the known monograph of Vekua has been devoted to boundary
value problems (only with H\"older continuous data) for the
generalized analytic functions, i.e., continuous complex valued
functions $h(z)$ of the complex variable $z=x+iy$ with generalized
first partial derivatives by Sobolev satisfying equations of the
form $\partial_{\bar z}h\, +\, ah\, +\ bh\, =\, c\, ,$ where
$\partial_{\bar z}\ :=\ \frac{1}{2}\left(\ \frac{\partial}{\partial
x}\ +\ i\cdot\frac{\partial}{\partial y}\ \right),$ and it was
assumed that the complex valued functions $a,b$ and $c$ belong to
the class $L^{p}$ with some $p>2$ in the corresponding domains
$D\subset \mathbb C$. The present paper is a natural continuation of
our articles on the Riemann, Hilbert, Dirichlet, Poincare and, in
particular, Neumann boundary value problems for quasiconformal,
analytic, harmonic and the so-called $A-$harmonic functions with
boundary data that are measurable with respect to logarithmic
capacity. Here we extend the correspon\-ding results to the
generalized analytic functions $h:D\to\mathbb C$ with the sources
$g$ : $\partial_{\bar z}h\ =\ g\in L^p$, $p>2\,$, and to generalized
harmonic functions $U$ with sources $G$ : $\triangle\, U=G\in L^p$,
$p>2\,$. It was also given relevant definitions and necessary
references to the mentioned articles and comments on previous
results. This paper contains various theorems on the existence of
nonclassical solutions of the Riemann and Hilbert boundary value
problems with arbitrary measurable (with respect to logarithmic
capacity) data for generalized analytic functions with sources. Our
approach is based on the geometric (theoretic-functional)
interpretation of boundary values in comparison with the classical
operator approach in PDE. On this basis, it is established the
corresponding existence theorems for the Poincare problem on
directional derivatives and, in particular, for the Neumann problem
to the Poisson equations $\triangle\, U=G$ with arbitrary boundary
data that are measurable with respect to logarithmic capacity. These
results can be also applied to semi-linear equations of mathematical
physics in anisotropic and inhomogeneous media.
Algorithms, that implement set-theoretic operations on tables and multitables
Authors: Kanarskaya Iryna
Published: May 2020

The paper is devoted to the research of algorithms implementing intersection, union and difference in tables and multitables. The subject of the work is relevant, since despite the importance and applicability of set-theoretical operations in relational databases, for some reason, the attention of researchers was focused on optimizing other table operations, first of all, the join. Meanwhile, the optimal implementation of set-theoretical operations will lead to a faster execution of the query, which containing at least one of set-theoretical operations, and will significantly reduce the time of processing information in the database management systems. For each set-theoretical operation algorithms that implement them on tables, in which strings are not repeat, and on multi-tables, in which the strings can be repeated, are considered. After that the modifications of the basic algorithms, that we found, which allow to significantly reduce the number of computations are considered. As an average case, we understand the most general case in which the domain of each attribute of the table schema is fixed and known above, and the distribution of values for each attribute in each table is uniform. For each of the six cases (three table operations and three multi-table operations), the fastest algorithms by this criterion were found. For all 6 algorithms considered on the tables (basic and fastest modifications of the basic ones) we found exact complexity on average. The found formulas defining the complexity of the proposed algorithms do not contain O-asymptotics. For the experimental confirmation of the results we developed the software system, which, for tables with given parameters, finds the actual number of computations performed for each of the proposed algorithms. The experiments carried out confirmed the theoretical estimates found for the tables and identified the fastest algorithms for the multitables. The results of the work can be used both in relational databases theory and in practice in queries optimization and to reduce the processing time in database management systems.
O letramento matemático nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Costa dos Santos Maria José
Published: May 2020

O letramento é indissociável do contexto social e cultural, e deve compreender a realidade dos educandos. A Base Nacional Comum Curricular-BNCC (BRASIL, 2018) apresenta o letramento como condição para a alfabetização. Objetivamos com esse estudo favorecer a elaboração de conjecturas, formulação e resolução de problemas matemáticos, a partir do letramento matemático. Para tanto, realizamos e apresentamos reflexões sobre as unidades temáticas da BNCC de matemática dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, estabelecendo redes de reflexões sobre conceitos, procedimentos, fatos e ferramentas didáticas, aliadas a metodologia Sequência Fedathi(SF). Os resultados apontam a necessidade de atividades na perspectiva do letramento que favoreçam a formação continuada dos professores dos anos iniciais.
Design of Low Energy Integrated Membranes Units for Production of Highly Purified Water
Authors: Abdallah H. , Shalaby M. S. , Shaban A. M.
Published: May 2020

Some industries like medical, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, chemical manufacturing need a special quality of treated water which is called Purified water. Integrated membrane system was designed and developed to produce Purified water grades to serve these industries. A simple engineering design for water filtration through membrane systems was scanned; beginning from carbon filters, followed by different kinds of membranes like microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane. These units were developed according to membranes type and the produced water quality before and after each unit. The Produced water and its quality control tests were compared with the World Health Organization water quality standard. The produced water from the integrated membrane system has TDS reached 0.95 mg/L, which matched with the World Health Organization water quality standard.
Growth of the Electrodeposited NiX2 (X= Te, Se) Thin Films
Authors: Anand T. Joseph Sahaya , Rajan Rajes K. M. , Said Md Radzai , Tee Lau Kok
Published: May 2020

Thin films of nickel chalcogenide, NiX2 (X= Te, Se) have been electrosynthesized on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates. The films were characterized for their structural, morphological and compositional characteristics. Consisting of transition metals and chalcogenides (S, Se and Te), they show promising solar absorbent properties such as semiconducting band gap, well adhesion to substrate and good conversion with better cost-effective. Cyclic voltammetry experiments have been done prior to electrodeposition in order to get the electrodeposition potential range where the observable reduction range is between -0.9-(-1.1) V. Their optical and semiconducting parameters were also analysed in order to determine the suitability of the thin films for photoelectrochemical (PEC) / solar cell applications. Structural analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the films are polycrystalline in nature. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies reveals that the films were adherent to the substrate with uniform and pin-hole free. Compositional analysis via energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique confirms the presence of Ni, Te, and Se elements in the films. The optical studies show that the films are of direct bandgap. Results on the semiconductor parameters analysis of the films showed that the nature of the Mott-Schottky plots indicates that the films obtained are of p-type material.
Nanotechnology Utilization in Energy Conversion, Storage and Efficiency: a Perspective Review
Authors: Abdalla Abdalla M , Elnaghi Bassem E. , Hossain Shahzad , Dawood Mohamed , Abdelrehim O. , Azad Abul K.
Published: May 2020

World needs have revolved around the use of nanotechnology in most vital applications especially in the energy sector. From which has a major role in the application of this technology in several aspects as the conversion of energy, the storage of energy and efficiency of energy. Through the ongoing research by scientists and researchers to incorporate nanotechnology as one of the essential technologies at present and in the future, which has shown the strength of nanotechnology in reaching the possible superior efficiency. In this review, we present various important applications of nanotechnology involved in the three main directions (energy conversion, energy storage and energy efficiency). These ultimate goals of the nanotechnology utilization in the energy sector will offer the high demand of energy efficiency with minimum losses and high durability in the clean and sustainable resources.
“We Can’t Just Throw Our Children Away”
Authors: Harris Anjelica
Published: May 2020

In the words of Supreme Court Justice Elena Kagan, children are different. The issue of how to sentence juvenile offenders has long been controversial. Although psychology acknowledges the connection between incomplete juvenile brain development and increased criminality, the justice system lags behind in how it handles juvenile offenders. A prime example is the case of Bobby Bostic, who at the age of sixteen was charged with eighteen offenses and sentenced to 241 years in prison. This sentence, known as a term-of-years or virtual life sentence, essentially guarantees that no matter what Bobby does or who he proves himself to be as an adult, he will die in prison. Since Bobby’s sentencing in 1997, the Supreme Court has held that sentencing juveniles to death violates the Eighth Amendment and has banned life without parole for juvenile offenders. Despite landmark Supreme Court decisions, a gap in the law continues to exist when it comes to juvenile non-homicide of- fenders who are certified and tried as adults. Thousands of juvenile offenders are now trapped in the legal gap that exists in the distinction, or lack thereof, between life without parole and lengthy term-of-years sentences. This Comment will explore the gap in the law, the various ways the States have chosen to handle this issue, and will propose a possible solution for Texas.
Repurchase Intention Pada Korean Skincare Product Di Surabaya
Authors: Kempa Sesilya , Gotami Erika
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine whether or not the influence of country of originimage and perceived value on repurchase intention with word of mouth as anintervening variable on Korean skincare products in Surabaya. The type ofresearch used is quantitative research. The population in this study were peoplein Surabaya who had used and purchased korean skincare products of the same type at least 3 (three) times and the samples used in this study were 100 people.This study uses Partial Least Square (PLS). The results showed that the country oforigin image had an effect on word of mouth and repurchase intention, perceivedvalue had an effect on word of mouth and repurchase intention, and word ofmouth had an effect on repurchase intention. Word of mouth is proven to mediatethe effect of country of origin image and perceived value on repurchase intention.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Price Earning Ratio Perusahaan LQ45 Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Yuniarsih Nia
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting price earningratio in LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This type ofresearch is a quantitative study with a sample of 40 companies starting in 2017-2018.The results of the study showed tha tthe variable Return on Assets, Return on Equity (ROE), Debt to Equity Ratio and Price Book Value together affect The Price Earning Ratio (PER). The t test shows theresults that Return on Assets has an influence on Price Earning Ratio, while Return on Equity,Debt to Equity Ratio and Price Book value do not affect the Price Earning Ratio.
Biyoteknolojik Tekniklerle Mikrobiyal Vitamin Üretimi
Authors: GÜL Ülküye Dudu
Published: May 2020

İnsan sağlığı için son derece önemli olan vitaminlerin metabolizmada çok çeşitli işlevleri bulunmaktadır. Vitaminler özellikle metabolik yollarda rol alan biyokimyasal reaksiyonların gerçekleşmesi için gerekli enzimlerin yapısına katılırlar. Bu önemli rolleri nedeniyle vitaminler farklı işlevlere sahip organların fonksiyonlarını gerçekleştirmede katkı sağlayan bileşiklerdir. İnsan sağlığı için bu denli önemli bileşiklerin üretimi önem arz etmektedir. Ekonomik değeri yüksek biyoteknolojik ürünler arasında yer alan vitaminlerin gıda katkı maddesi, terapötik ve medikal ajan olarak kullanımlarının yanı sıra kozmetik ürün üretimi gibi geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Bu derleme çalışmasında ekonomik değeri yüksek vitaminlerin önemi ve bu vitaminlerin biyoteknolojik olarak mikroorganizmalar kullanılarak üretim teknikleri incelenmiştir.
Preterm Doğum Yönetiminde Tokolitik Ajanlar ve Kalsiyum Kanal Blokerlerinin (Nifedipin) Yeri
Authors: EROL Seyit Ahmet , KIRBAŞ Ayşe , USTUN Yaprak
Published: May 2020

Preterm doğum, neonatal morbidite ve mortalite yönünden önemli bir risk faktörüdür. Kalsiyum kanal blokerleri (nifedipin) preterm doğum medikal tedavisinde kullanımı güvenlidir ve uluslararası kılavuzlarda sık tercih edilen ajanlardan birisidir. Ruhsatlanımı olmaması nedeniyle preterm doğum tedavisinde endikasyon dışı (off-label) kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede preterm doğum tedavisinde kullanılan tokolitik ajanlar ve nifedipin ile ilgili güncel literatür sunulmuştur.
Covid-19 pandemisi sırasında bir pandemi hastanesinde jinekolojik kanser nedeniyle opere olan hastalarda kısa dönem cerrahi sonuçlar: Tek Merkezli Retrospektif Olgu-kontrol çalışması
Authors: ÖZ Murat , ALTINTAŞ Müfide İclal , ERSAK Burak , FIRAT CÜYLAN Zeliha , ÖZDAL Bülent , MORALOĞLU TEKİN Özlem
Published: May 2020

Amaç
Tüm Dünya’da etkisini sürdüren yeni tip koronavirüs (COVID-19) pandemisi sürecinde sağlık sistemi kaynakları pandemi ile mücadeleye aktarılırken rutin sağlık hizmeti sunumunda önemli değişikliklere gidilmiştir. Bu tek merkezli, retrospektif, olgu-kontrol çalışmasının amacı COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde alınan tedbirlerin jinekolojik kanser cerrahisi uygulanan hastalarda kısa süreli cerrahi sonuçlara etkisini ortaya koymaktır.
Gereçler ve Yöntem
COVID-19 pandemi önlemlerinin alınmasından sonra opere edilen hastalar çalışma grubunu oluştururken, bu tarihten önce opere edilen hastalar kontrol grubunu oluşturdu. Çalışma grubundaki her bir hastaya karşılık yaş (±10), tanı, evre ve yapılan operasyonun tipi yönünden eşleştirilen en az iki kontrol seçilerek klinikopatolojik değişkenler yönünden karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular
Vaka ve kontrol grubu tanı, hastalık evresi ve yapılan ameliyatın şekli yönünden birebir eşleşirken her iki grup yaş, menopozal durum, ko-morbiditeleri ve aldıkları adjuvan tedavi yönünden benzer olarak bulundu. Vaka grubundaki hastaların ortalama hastanede yatış süresinin, kontrol grubundaki hastalara göre anlamlı olarak daha az olduğu görüldü (vaka grubunda ortalama 5,6 (±3,3) gün, kontrol grubunda ortalama 8,5 (±9,3) gün, p=0,021). Vaka grubunda 5 hastaya (%17,2) kontrol grubundaysa 18 hastaya (%31,0) kan ürünü transfüzyonu ihtiyacı oldu, ancak iki grup arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p=0,16). Vaka grubundaki hastalarda kontrol grubuna göre daha az intraoperatif (p=0,36) ve postoperatif (p=0,34) komplikasyon izlenmesine karşın bu farklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık arz etmiyordu.
Sonuç
COVID-19 pandemisi sonrasında opere edilen hastalarda daha az radikal cerrahi tercih edilmesi ile birlikte tutarlı bir şekilde hastanede yatış süresi, intraoperatif ve postoperatif komplikasyon oranlarının azaldığı ancak hastanede kalış süresi haricindeki değişkenlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı bulunmuştur.
Orbital Stability of Exomoons and Submoons with Applications to Kepler 1625b-I
Authors: Rosario-Franco Marialis , Quarles Billy , Musielak Zdzislaw E. , Cuntz Manfred
Published: May 2020

An intriguing question in the context of dynamics arises: could a moon possess a moon itself? Such a configuration does not exist in the solar system, although this may be possible in theory. Kollmeier & Raymond determined the critical size of a satellite necessary to host a long-lived subsatellite, or submoon. However, the orbital constraints for these submoons to exist are still undetermined. Domingos et al. indicated that moons are stable out to a fraction of the host planet's Hill radius R
H,p, which in turn depend on the eccentricity of its host’s orbit. Motivated by this, we simulate systems of exomoons and submoons for 105 planetary orbits, while considering many initial orbital phases to obtain the critical semimajor axis in terms of R
H,p or the host satellite’s Hill radius R
H,sat, respectively. We find that, assuming circular coplanar orbits, the stability limit for an exomoon is 0.40 R
H,p and for a submoon is 0.33 R
H,sat. Additionally, we discuss the observational feasibility of detecting these subsatellites through photometric, radial velocity, or direct imaging observations using the Neptune-sized exomoon candidate Kepler 1625b-I and identify how stability can shape the identification of future candidates.
A Wide-orbit Exoplanet OGLE-2012-BLG-0838Lb
Authors: Poleski R. , Suzuki Daisuke , Udalski A. , Xie Xiaojia , Yee J. C. , Koshimoto Naoki , Gaudi B. S. , Gould A. ,   (leading authors), Skowron J. , Szymański M. K. , Soszyński I. , Pietrukowicz P. , Kozłowski S. , Wyrzykowski Ł. , Ulaczyk K. ,   (OGLE collaboration), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard K. , Bennett David. P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Bond Ian A. , Donachie Martin , Fujii Hirosane , Fukui Akihiko , Itow Yoshitaka , Hirao Yuki , Kamei Yuhei , Kondo Iona , Alex Li Man Cheung , Matsubara Yutaka , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Nagakane Masayuki , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki K. , Shoji Hikaru , Suematsu Haruno , Sullivan Denis J. , Sumi Takahiro , Tristram Paul J. , Yamakawa Takeharu , Yamawaki Tsubasa , Yonehara Atsunori ,   (MOA collaboration), Han C. , Dong Subo , Morzinski K. M. , Males J. R. , Close L. M. , Pogge R. W. , Beaulieu J.-P. , Marquette J.-B.
Published: May 2020

We present the discovery of a planet on a very wide orbit in the microlensing event OGLE-2012-BLG-0838. The signal of the planet is well separated from the main peak of the event and the planet–star projected separation is found to be twice the Einstein ring radius, which corresponds to a projected separation of ≈4 au. Similar planets around low-mass stars are very hard to find using any technique other than microlensing. We discuss microlensing model fitting in detail and discuss the prospects for measuring the mass and distance of the lens system directly.
A Trend in the Effective Spin Distribution of LIGO Binary Black Holes with Mass
Authors: Safarzadeh Mohammadtaher , Farr Will M. , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico
Published: May 2020

Binary black holes (BBHs) detected by gravitational wave (GW) observations could be broadly divided into two formation channels: those formed through field binary evolution and those assembled dynamically in dense stellar systems. Each of these formation channels, and their subchannels, populate a distinct region in the effective spin–mass (

) plane. Depending on the branching ratio of different channels, an ensemble of BBHs could show a trend in this plane. Here we fit a mass-dependent distribution for

to the GWTC-1 BBHs from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. We find a negative correlation between mass and the mean effective spin (

), and positive correlation with its dispersion (

) at 75% and 80% confidence. This trend is robust against the choice of mass variable, but most pronounced when the mass variable is taken to be the chirp mass of the binary. The result is consistent with significant contributions from both dynamically assembled and field binaries in the GWTC-1 catalog. The upcoming LIGO O3a data release will critically test this interpretation.
The Gravitational Wave Treasure Map: A Tool to Coordinate, Visualize, and Assess the Electromagnetic Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Events
Authors: Wyatt Samuel D. , Tohuvavohu Aaron , Arcavi Iair , Lundquist Michael J. , Howell D. Andrew , Sand David J.
Published: May 2020

We present the Gravitational Wave (GW) Treasure Map, a tool to coordinate, visualize, and assess the electromagnetic (EM) followup of GW events. With typical GW localization regions of hundreds to thousands of square degrees and dozens of active follow-up groups, the pursuit of EM counterparts is a challenging endeavor, but the scientific payoff for early discovery of any counterpart is clear. With this tool, we provide a website and an application programming interface (API) that allows users to easily see where other groups have searched and better inform their own follow-up search efforts. A strong community of Treasure Map users will increase the overall efficiency of EM counterpart searches and will play a fundamental role in the future of multimessenger astronomy.
Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy of the Double-peaked Broad Emission Line of a Red Active Galactic Nucleus
Authors: Kim Dohyeong , Im Myungshin , Kim Minjin , Ho Luis C.
Published: May 2020

Galaxy mergers are expected to produce multiple supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in close-separation, but the detection of such SMBHs has been difficult. 2MASS J165939.7 + 183436 is a red active galactic nucleus (AGN) that is a prospective merging SMBH candidate owing to its merging features in Hubble Space Telescope imaging and double-peaked broad emission lines (BELs). Herein, we report a Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph Integral Field Unit observation of a double-peaked broad Hα line of 2MASS J165939.7+183436. Furthermore, we confirm the existence of two BEL peaks that are kinematically separated by 3000 km s−1, with the SMBH of each BEL component weighing at

and

, if they arise from independent BELs near the two SMBHs. The BEL components were not separated at >0.″1; however, under several plausible assumptions regarding the fitting of each spaxel, the two components are found to be spatially separated at 0.″085 (∼250 pc). Different assumptions for the fitting can lead to a null (<0.″05) or a larger spatial separation (∼0.″15). Given the uncertainty regarding the spatial separation, various models, such as the disk emitter and multiple SMBH models, are viable solutions to explain the double BEL components. These results will promote future research for finding more multiple SMBH systems in red AGNs, and higher-resolution imaging validates these different models.
Magnetoacoustic Waves in a Magnetic Slab Embedded in an Asymmetric Magnetic Environment. II. Thin and Wide Slabs, Hot and Cold Plasmas
Authors: Zsámberger Noémi Kinga , Erdélyi Róbert
Published: May 2020

Wave propagation in magnetically structured atmospheres is a thoroughly studied, yet practically inexhaustible, well of investigations in the field of solar magneto-seismology. A simple but powerful example is the examination of wave behavior in a magnetic slab. Our previous study used an analytical approach to derive the general dispersion relation for magnetoacoustic waves in a magnetic slab of homogeneous plasma, which was enclosed in an asymmetric magnetic environment. In the present study, we focus on the analysis of wave propagation in various limiting cases applicable to solar and space plasma physics or astrophysics. The thin- and wide-slab approximations, as well as the limits of low and high plasma β values, are considered. Utilizing the fact that in a weakly asymmetric slab the dispersion relation can be decoupled, the behavior of quasi-sausage and quasi-kink modes is studied in further analytical and numerical detail, and their avoided crossings are described. The results highlight how asymmetry influences the wave properties, e.g., the phase speed of eigenmodes, depending on the ratios of external to internal densities and magnetic fields on the two sides. Notably, the phase speeds of surface modes will converge to different values for the quasi-sausage and quasi-kink modes in the wide-slab limit, and cutoff frequencies are introduced with respect to both surface and body modes, in thin as well as wide slabs, beyond which the solutions become leaky. These obtained properties of MHD wave behavior could be measured with suitable high-resolution instruments in the future.
Outside the Wall: Hydrodynamics of Type I Supernovae Interacting with a Partially Swept-up Circumstellar Medium
Authors: Harris C. E. , Nugent P. E.
Published: May 2020

Explaining the observed diversity of supernovae (SNe) and the physics of explosion requires knowledge of their progenitor stars, which can be obtained by constraining the circumstellar medium (CSM). Models of the SN ejecta colliding with the CSM are necessary to infer the structure of the CSM and tie it back to a progenitor model. Recent SNe I revealed CSM concentrated at a distance r ∼ 1016 cm, for which models of SN interaction are extremely limited. In this paper, we assume the concentrated region is a “wall” representing swept-up material, and unswept material lies outside the wall. We simulate one-dimensional hydrodynamics of SNe Ia and Ib impacting 300 unique CSM configurations using RT1D, which captures the Rayleigh–Taylor instability. We find that the density ratio between the wall and ejecta—denoted A
0 or “wall height”—is key, and higher walls deviate more from self-similar evolution. Functional fits accounting for A
0 are presented for the forward-shock radius evolution. We show that higher walls have more degeneracy between CSM properties in the deceleration parameter, slower shocks, deeper-probing reverse shocks, slower shocked ejecta, less ejecta mass than CSM in the shock, and more mixing of ejecta into the CSM at early times. We analyze observations of SN 2014C (Type Ib) and suggest that it had a moderately high wall (10 ≲ A
0 ≲ 200) and wind-like outer CSM. We also postulate an alternate interpretation for the radio data of SN 2014C, that the radio rise occurs in the wind rather than the wall. Finally, we find that hydrodynamic measurements at very late times cannot distinguish the presence of a wall, except perhaps as an anomalously wide shock region.
A Survey of Interplanetary Small Flux Ropes at Mercury
Authors: Murphy Amy K. , Winslow Reka M. , Schwadron Nathan A. , Lugaz Noé , Yu Wenyuan , Farrugia Charles J. , Niehof Jonathan T.
Published: May 2020

Interplanetary magnetic flux ropes with durations from a few minutes to a few hours have been termed small flux ropes (SFRs). We have built a comprehensive catalog of SFRs at Mercury using magnetometer data from the orbital phase of the MESSENGER mission (2011–2015). In the absence of solar wind plasma measurements, we developed strict identification criteria for SFRs in the magnetometer observations, including force-free field fits for each flux rope. We identified a total of 48 events that met our strict criteria, with events ranging in duration from 2.5 minutes to 4 hr. Using superposed epoch analysis, we obtained the generic SFR magnetic field profile at Mercury. Due to its eccentric orbit, Mercury’s heliospheric distance varies between 0.31 and 0.47 au, a range of ∼0.16 au. This distance is potentially large enough for the SFRs to undergo measurable changes due to distance. Thus, we split the data into two distance bins to look for such changes. We found that the average SFR profile is more symmetric farther from the Sun, in line with the idea that SFRs form closer to the Sun and undergo a relaxation process in the solar wind. Based on this result, as well as the SFR durations and the magnetic field strength fall-off with heliocentric distance, we infer that the SFRs observed at Mercury are expanding as they propagate with the solar wind. We also determined that the SFR occurrence frequency is nearly four times as high at Mercury as for similarly detected events at 1 au. Most interestingly, we found two SFR populations in our data set, one likely generated in a quasi-periodic formation process near the heliospheric current sheet, and the other formed away from the current sheet in isolated events.
The Dragonfly Wide Field Survey. I. Telescope, Survey Design, and Data Characterization
Authors: Danieli Shany , Lokhorst Deborah , Zhang Jielai , Merritt Allison , van Dokkum Pieter , Abraham Roberto , Conroy Charlie , Gilhuly Colleen , Greco Johnny , Janssens Steven , Li Jiaxuan , Liu Qing , Miller Tim B. , Mowla Lamiya
Published: May 2020

We present a description of the Dragonfly Wide Field Survey (DWFS), a deep photometric survey of a wide area of sky. The DWFS covers 330 deg2 in the equatorial GAMA fields and the Stripe 82 fields in the SDSS g and r bands. It is carried out with the 48-lens Dragonfly Telephoto Array, a telescope that is optimized for the detection of low surface brightness emission. The main goal of the survey is to study the dwarf galaxy population beyond the Local Group. In this paper, we describe the survey design and show early results. We reach 1σ depths of μ

g
 ≈ 31 mag arcsec−2 on arcminute scales and show that Milky Way satellites such as Sextans, Bootes, and Ursa Major should be detectable out to D ≳ 10 Mpc. We also provide an overview of the elements and operation of the 48-lens Dragonfly telescope and a detailed description of its data reduction pipeline. The pipeline is fully automated, with individual frames subjected to a rigorous series of quality tests. The sky subtraction is performed in two stages, ensuring that emission features with spatial scales up to ∼0.°9 × 0.°6 are preserved. The DWFS provides unparalleled sensitivity to low surface brightness features on arcminute scales.
Type IIP Supernova Progenitors. III. Blue to Red Supergiant Ratio in Low-metallicity Models with Convective Overshoot
Authors: Wagle Gururaj A. , Ray Alak , Raghu Adarsh
Published: May 2020

The distribution of stars in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (HRD) for a stellar conglomeration represents a snapshot of its evolving stellar population. Some of the supergiant stars may transit the HRD from blue to red and then again to blue during their late evolutionary stages, as exemplified by the progenitor of SN 1987 A. Others may transit a given part of the HRD more than twice in a “blue loop” and end up as red supergiants before they explode. Since stars in blue loops spend a considerable part of their lives there, these stages may change the relative number of modeled supergiants in the HRD. Their lifetimes, in turn, depend upon the initial mass of the star, how convection in its interior is modeled, and how much mass loss takes place during its evolution. The observed ratio of the number of blue to red supergiants and yellow to red supergiants sensitively tests the stellar evolution theory. We compare modeled number ratios of these supergiants with observed data from the Large Magellanic Cloud, as it has a metallicity very similar to that of the environment of SN 2013ej. We successfully model these by taking into account moderate (exponential) convective overshooting. We explore its effect on the final radius and mass of the star prior to core collapse. The radius differs dramatically with overshoot. These factors controlling presupernova structure may affect the postexplosion optical/IR light curves and spectral development.