bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Missed Opportunity for Neonates to Live: A Cross-Sectional study on Utilization of Peri-Natal Death Audits to address the Causes of Peri-Natal Mortality in District Hospitals of East–Central Uganda.
Authors:   , Waako Settings Christopher Knox , Nanyingi Miisa , Katongole Simon Peter , Maniple Everd , Atuhairwe Christine , Konso Jennipher Mariam
Published: September 2022

Aim:  To assess the utilization of PDAs in addressing the avoidable causes of perinatal mortality in the eastern region of Uganda. Methodology:  A cross-section design using a mixed method was conducted between 2014-2015 at Iganga, Bugiri, and Kamuli general hospitals in the East-Central region of Uganda. The interviews involved 115 health workers who included Doctors, Nurses/Midwives, Clinical officers, and Laboratory and Theatre staff. These were drawn from four departments including the Maternity ward, Outpatient department, Theatre, and pediatric ward. Hospital top and departmental managers formed the key informants for this study. Annual reports for the period 2009/10-2012/13 were reviewed. In addition, monthly reports for the calendar year 2013 together with patients’ clinical case notes and patients’ registers were also reviewed to determine the magnitude and causes of perinatal mortality. Factors contributing to perinatal death were assessed and categorized into fetal, maternal, and health facility factors. Results:  Results revealed a high and rising perinatal mortality rate of 70/1,000 live births and a decreasing maternal mortality ratio of 363/100,000 live births. Most perinatal deaths were fresh stillbirths 48/88 which occurred during the intrapartum period and the majority of early neonatal death was due to birth asphyxia. None of the health facilities was conducting perinatal death audits and the quality of data used for perinatal death audits was inadequate and was scored poorly. Challenges hindering utilization of perinatal death audits included lack of staff sensitization and training, work overload, lack of motivation, fear of blame and litigation, political interference, and lack of support from the community. Conclusion:  There was a high prevalence of perinatal deaths in east-central Uganda yet none of the hospitals was conducting perinatal death reviews. Recommendations: Health workers should be trained on perinatal death audit tools and guidelines. Records departments to revitalize with tools and personnel for effective data management.
Applying the Health Belief Model on the Perception and attitude towards Diabetes Mellitus among public secondary school students in Southern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional Study.
Authors:   , Otovwe Agofure , Oritseje Edema-Eyen , Oghenerume HonourGod
Published: September 2022

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism which has become a 21st-century pandemic. According to the International Diabetes Federation, the incidence and prevalence of diabetes in children and adolescents (10-19 years) in Africa are steadily rising. Students in post-primary schools constitute a large part of this population where poor perception and attitude towards DM prevention have been reported. The purpose of the study was to investigate the perception of DM using the Health Belief Model (HBM) among public secondary school students in Delta State, Nigeria. Methods: The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in November 2019 and February 2022 in Ogbe secondary school Effurun and Nana College Warri. A simple random sampling technique was utilized to select 700 students from both schools. The data was gathered using a three-part structured questionnaire A-C. Section A comprises demographic characteristics; B contains perception questions and C contains questions on attitude toward DM. The Chi-Square test was used to analyse the association between perception variables and attitude towards DM at a P<0.05 level of significance. Results: Respondents' average age was 14.99±1.86 years and 423(60.4%) were females. The majority of participants 621(88.7%) have heard of DM and 88(14.2%) have relatives with DM. The majority of responders exhibited poor perceived susceptibility 499(80.4%), severity 406(65.4%), barriers 484(77.9%), and attitude 443(71.3%) towards DM management and prevention. However, 397(63.9%) exhibited good perceived benefits of DM prevention. Age (χ2=12.91, ρ=0.002), Sex (χ2=28.45, ρ=0.000) Perceived susceptibility (χ2=173.83, ρ=0.000), Perceived severity (χ2=329.89, ρ=0.000) and Perceived barriers (χ2=298.51, ρ=0.000) were significantly associated with attitude at P<0.05. Conclusion: The findings showed poor perception and attitude towards DM management and prevention among the study respondents. Therefore DM prevention intervention targeting the HBM constructs should be implemented in secondary schools to improve the knowledge, perception, and attitude toward DM among in-school adolescents.
Fast Rank Optimization Scheme by the Estimation of Vehicular Speed and Phase Difference in MU-MIMO
Authors: Kim Shin-Hwan , Kim Kyung-Yup , Kim Sang-Wook , Koo Jae-Hyung
Published: September 2022

Resent MU-MIMO (Multi User-Multi Input Multi Output) scheme is one of the important and advanced technologies. In particular, it is a suitable technique to increase the capacity from the point of view of solving cell load, which is one of the big issues in the contents of 5G commercial field optimization. While this MU-MIMO technology has an important advantage of cell capacity expansion, there is a disadvantage like an interference problem due to each multiuser beams. It is important to use the advanced beamforming technology for MU-MIMO to overcome these disadvantages. Therefore, by applying the interference cancelling technology among inter UE (User Equipment) beams to improve each UE’s performance, it will contribute to improving the cell throughput. This paper introduces the various techniques of eliminating interference in MU-MIMO system. Also, it is important that UE reports rank indicator reflected the interference of multi-user beams. This paper analyses the problem of the conventional method of the rank decision in MU-MIMO system, estimates the vehicular speed quickly with the proposed rank optimization technique, and shows the DL (Downlink) UE’s performance is improved by applying a proposed rank value suitable for vehicular speed. This technique will be effectively applied to increase the overall cell capacity by improving the DL UE’s throughput in the MU-MIMO system.
FindMyPet: An Intelligent System for Indoor Pet Tracking and Analysis using Artificial Intelligence and Big Data
Authors: Guo Qinqin , Sun Yu
Published: September 2022

Pet tracking has been an important service in the pet supply industry, as it is constantly needed by countless pet owners [1]. As of 2021, about 90 million families in the U.S. alone have a pet, that is about 70% of all American households. However, for most owners of smaller pets such as cats, hamsters, and more, not being able to find the pet within the house has been a problem bothering them. This paper proposes a tool to use Raspberry Pi for gathering signal strength data of the blue tooth devices and using Artificial Intelligence to interpret the gathered data in order to get the precise location of the indoor moving object [2]. The system is applied to arrive with the location of pets within the house to an accurate level where the room that the pet is located in is correctly predicted.A qualitative evaluation of the approach has been conducted. The results show that the intelligent system is effective at correctly locating indoor pets that are constantly moving.
Mining Online Drug Reviews Database for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis by using Deep Learning
Authors: Yildirim Pinar
Published: September 2022

In this paper, a research study for online patient reviews is introduced. Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term and disabling autoimmune disease. Today, a huge amount of people have rheumatoid arthritis in the world. Considering the importance of the medication of rheumatoid arthritis, we aimed to investigate patient reviews in WebMD database and get some useful information for this disease. Our results revealed that etanercept treatment has the highest number of reviews. Data analysis was applied to discover knowledge on this drug. Deep learning approach was used to predict the effectiveness of etanercept and classification results were compared with other traditional classifiers. According to the comparison of classifiers, deep neural network has better accuracy metrics than others. Therefore, the results highlight that deep learning can be encouraging for medical data analyses. We hope that our study can make contributions to intelligent data analysis in medical domain.
Comparison of Various Forms of Serious Games: Exploring the Potential use of Serious Game Walkthrough in Education Outside the Classroom
Authors: Feng Xiaohan , Murakami Makoto
Published: September 2022

The advantages of using serious games for education have already been proven in many studies, especially narrative VR games, which allow players to remember more information. On the other hand, game walkthrough can compensate for the disadvantages of gaming, such as pervasiveness and convenience. This study investigates whether game walkthrough of serious games can have the same learning effect as serious games. Use game creation (samples) and questionnaires, this study will compare the information that viewers remember from game walkthrough and actual game play, analyze their strengths and weaknesses, and examine the impact of the VR format on the results. The results proved that while game walkthrough allows subjects to follow the experiences of actual game players with a certain degree of empathy, they have limitations when it comes to compare with actual gameplay, especially when it comes to topics that require subjects to think for themselves. Meanwhile game walkthrough of VR game is not a medium suitable for making the receiver memorize information. For prevalence and convenience, however, serious games walkthrough is a viable educational option outside the classroom.
Circulatory T-cadherin is a potential biomarker for atherosclerosis
Authors: Mohd Danish Khan  , Mohammad Kaleem Ahmad  , Roshan Alam  , Fahad Khan  , Mohammad Mustufa Khan
Published: September 2022

T-cadherin, a special member of cadherin family, expresses with blood circulation involving the heart i.e. CVS. Cadherin is connected with the healthy conditions of an individual and normal functioning of cardio-vascular metabolism. T-cadherin is mainly associated with blood vascular system of human. Previous studies analysed this cadherin been unexpressed within the fat storing tissues i.e. adipose tissue of peri-aortic and peri-coronary, it is present within endothelium as well as in vascularized smooth muscular cells which includes the area nearby coronary vessels and aorta. The area and site of this cadherin is attention-grabbing because it particularly related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). T-cadherin - a protein acting as the receptor for low density lipoproteins (LDL). It may act as a special biomarker for atherosclerosis. Previous studies on T-cadherin showed that it has cardio-protective role. Furthermore, research is essential to enumerate the cardio-protective function of T-cadherin. It can be an important therapeutic target in developing new medicine to decrease incident of heart disease and its complications.
Response of soybean varieties (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) to combined application of pesticides and polymer-chelate fertilizers in the Amur region conditions
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agricultural University, Epifantsev Viktor , Panasyuk Alexander , Oborskaya Yulia
Published: September 2022

The necessity of research is due to an increase in yields and an increase in gross yields of soybeans in the region. The purpose of the work is to establish the effectiveness of the combined use of plant protection products against weeds and diseases with polymer-chelate forms of fertiliz-ers on crops of various soybean varieties in the conditions of Amur region. A two-factor field ex-periment was laid on the experimental field of the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization and Electrification in 2019-2020. Options: Factor A – soybean varieties: 1. Lazurnaya St; 2. Umka; 3. Nega-1; 4. Maksus; 5. Kofu. Factor B – chemical treatment: 1. The control – without treatment; 2. After sowing – herbicide Lazurit Super, KNE, then herbicide for vegetation – Korsar Super, VRK + Miura, KE, then fungicide for vegetation Kolosal Pro, KME. 3. After sowing – Lazurit Super, KNE, for vegetation – Korsar Super, VRK + Miura, KE + Akvadon Micro for legumes + Kora NPK, then Kolosal Pro, KME - 0.5 l / ha + Aquadon Micro for leg-umes + Kora NPK 2. Each soybean variety corresponded to three options of chemical treatment. The most responsive to the mixture of preparations is option 3 of the soybean variety Maksus. On average, over two years of research, the third option provided an increase in yield relative to the control by Lazurnaya variety by 20.78%, and fertilizers relative to plant protection products by 2.76%; by the soybean variety Umka, respectively, 25.97% and 3.17%; by Nega 1 variety – 38.06% and 2.29%; Maksus – 14.35% and 6.22%; Kofu - 26.63% and 11.83%. In 2019, which is favorable in terms of meteorological conditions, polymer-chelate fertilizers in mixtures with plant protection products are effective on the soybean varieties Lazurnaya, Umka, and Maksus, and less favorable on the soybean varieties Nega 1 and Kofu. Keywords: CONDITIONS, PREPARATION, MIX, TREATMENT, VARIETY, SOWING, SOY, IN-CREASE, YIELD, RESPONSE, EFFICIENCY, PRIAMUTYE
АҚМОЛА ОБЛЫСЫНЫҢ ҚҰРҒАҚ ДАЛАЛЫ АЙМАҒЫНЫҢ ЖАЙЫЛЫМДЫҚ АЛҚАПТАРЫНЫҢ ЖАЙ-КҮЙІ, ЖАЙЫЛЫМДЫҚ ЖҮКТЕМЕСІ ЖӘНЕ ЖАЙЫЛЫМДАРДЫ ҰТЫМДЫ ПАЙДАЛАНУ МЕН ТОЗУЫНЫҢ АЛДЫН АЛУ ШАРАЛАРЫ
Authors: Akhylbekova B.A  , Serekpaev N.А  , Nogayev A.А
Published: September 2022

Жайылымдық жерлерді ұтымды пайдалану Қазақстандағы ауыл шаруашылығы өндірісінің ең өзекті мәселелерінің біріне айналды. Табиғи жайылым алқаптарын экстенсивті түрде шамадан тыс пайдалану нәтижесінде ең құнды шөптер желініп, ал жеуге жарамсыз шөптер тез көбейіп, көп ұзамай жайылымдар өнімділігі төмен жайылымдық алқаптарға айналады. Осыған байланысты, бүгінгі таңда, табиғи жайылымдардың едәуір бөлігі мал жемейтін зиянды және улы өсімдік түрлерімен ластанған.

Мақалада Ақмола облысының жайылымдық алқаптарының жай-күйі қарастырылып, жайылым алаңдары, ірі қара мал (ІҚМ) бастары бойынша талдау жүргізілді. Сондай-ақ әр аудан бойынша жайылым сыйымдылығы мен бір бас ірі қара мал үшін қажетті жайылым көлемі – яғни жайылымға нақты жүктеме есептелген. Нормативтік көрсеткіштер бойынша жүргізілген салыстырмалы бағалау кейбір аудандардағы жайылымдық жерлердің жетіспеушілігін көрсетті. Бұл өз кезегінде жайылымдық жерлерді ұтымды пайдалануға мүмкіндік беретін жайылым айналымын жасауды қажет етеді. Жайылым ресурстарын басқаруға негізделген шешімдер қабылдау үшін ең алдымен мақалада келтірілген нақты мал басы мен жайылымдық жүктеменің нормасы арасындағы байланыс туралы түсінік болуы қажет.
МАҚТА ӨНІМДЕРІН АРТТЫРУ ЖОЛДАРЫ
Authors: Tagaev A.M  , Makhmadjanov S.P
Published: September 2022

Түркістан облысының ауыл шаруашылығында, барлық ауылшаруашылығы өнімдері, химиялық және пестицидтерді қолдану нәтижесінде алынып отыр. Тыңайтқыштар мен пестицидтерді шамадан тыс пайдалану, топырақ пен қоршаған ортаны биогендік элементтермен ластап, адам ағзасына да кері әсерін тигізіп отыр. Топырақтың құнарлылығын арттыратын органикалық мелиоранттар, соңғы жылдары қолданылмай келеді, соның  нәтижесінде, сұр топырақтарда гумус құрамдары төмендеп, сұртопырақтар деградацияға ұшырап отыр. Сондықтан да, мақта саласында, топырақ құнарлылығы мен өнімділікті арттырумен қатар, сапалы мақта өнімдерін алатын қарқынды технологияларды қолдану өзекті мәселе болып отыр. Осыған орай, топырақтың дегумификация үдерісі жағдайында, топырақ құнарлылығын арттыру және мақтадан экологиялық таза мақта өнімдерін алу мақсатында, ғылыми жұмыстары жүргізілді. Зерттеу жұмыстары, бағдарламалық-нысаналы қаржыландыру (BR10764907, BR10765017 аясында жүргізілді. Топырақтың құнарлылығын арттыратын органикалық мелиоранттар, соңғы жылдары қолданылмай келеді, соның  нәтижесінде, сұр топырақтарда гумус құрамдары төмендеп, сұртопырақтар деградацияға ұшырап отыр. Сондықтан да, мақта саласында, топырақ құнарлылығы мен өнімділікті арттырумен қатар, сапалы мақта өнімдерін алатын қарқынды технологияларды қолдану өзекті мәселе болып отыр. Осыған орай, топырақтың дегумификация үдерісі жағдайында, топырақ құнарлылығын арттыру және мақтадан экологиялық таза мақта өнімдерін алу мақсатында, ғылыми жұмыстары жүргізілді. Зерттеу жұмыстары, бағдарламалық-нысаналы қаржыландыру (BR10764907, BR10765017 аясында жүргізілді.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ГИДРОХИМИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ И СТРУКТУРЫ ФИТОПЛАНКТОНА ГИПЕРГАЛИННЫХ ОЗЕР СЕВЕРО-КАЗАХСТАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Молдрахман А.С  , Мажибаева Ж.О  , Минат А
Published: September 2022

В статье приводятся весенне-осенние данные за 2021 г. о гидрохимических показателях и структуре фитопланктона озер Менгисор и Становое Северо-Казахстанской области. Исследование финансируется Комитетом науки Министерства образования и науки Республики Казахстан (грант №AP09058158).В период исследовании степень минерализации вод в озерах Северо-Казахстанской области был на стабильном уровне. В планктонной альгофлоре озер были выявлены представители диатомовых и зеленых водорослей. Количество таксонов в каждом водоеме составляло только по 3 таксона. Альгоценоз оз. Менгисор характеризовался активным развитием нитчатых зеленых водорослей родов Mougeotia и Zygnema, которые создавали - 98-100 % численности и 99-100 % биомассы. Весной суммарная биомасса фитопланктона озера определялась «средним» уровнем трофности, а осенью «умеренным». Фитопланктон оз. Становое представлялся развитием истинных обитателей высокоминерализованных вод, таких как Amphora coffeаеformis и Dunaliella salina. Помимо них, в планктоне озера отмечены одиночные виды рода Navicula. Ядро численности и биомассы фитопланктона формировалась за счет мелкоклеточных диатомовых. На основе биомассы фитопланктона указана категория трофности водоема, которое соответствовало «очень низкому» классу по шкале С.П. Китаева.
ІРІМШІКТІ ЛАСТАЙТЫН ESCHERIHIA COLI ИЗОЛЯТТАРЫНЫҢ АНТИБИОТИКТЕРГЕ ТӨЗІМДІЛІГІ
Authors: Kuzeubayeva A.S  , Usenbayev A.E  , Ryshchanova R.M  , Akanova Zh.Zh
Published: September 2022

Мақалада сауда желілерінде сатылатын ірімшіктердің Escherihia coli бактериясымен ластануының микробиологиялық зерттеу нәтижелері келтірілген. Ақмола және Шығыс Қазақстан облыстарының 11 кәсіпорны өндірген  38 ірімшік үлгілерінің 18-нен E.coli табылды. Зерттеу барысында, ірімшік сынамаларынан E.coli бактерияларын  бөліп алу  мақсатында  коммерциялық Compact Dry (R-Biopharm AG, Германия) табақшалары  қолданылды. Ірімшік үлгілерінен оқшауланған грам-теріс бактериялардың морфологиялық және биохимиялық қасиеттері талданды.

Бөлініп алынған E. Coli изоляттарының антибиотик препараттарына (бацитрацинге, стрептомицинге, левомецитинге, бензилпенициллинге, тетрациклинге, гентамицинге, канамицинге, эритромицинге, оксацилинге, канамицинге) сезімталдығы дискілі диффузды әдіспен зерттелді.

Антибиотикке тұрақтылығын зерттеу микроорганизмнің биологиялық ерекшеліктерін анықтауға және  тағамдардың резистенттігі жоғары бактерия штамдарымен контаминациялану қаупін бағалауға мүмкіндік береді.

Жүргізілген зерттеудің нәтижесінде Қазақстан нарығында сатылатын ірімшіктерден бензилпенициллин және бацитрацин антибиотиктеріне резистентті E.coli изоляттары бөлінді. Ауыл шаруашылығында және ветеринарлық клиникалық тәжірибеде микробқа қарсы дәрілерді кеңінен қолдану антибиотикке төзімді және көптеген патогендік факторлары бар E. coli штамдарының пайда болуына әкеледі.
ОЦЕНКА ФИТОТОКСИЧНОСТИ И РОСТОСТИМУЛИРУЮЩИХ СВОЙСТВ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ИЛОВЫХ ОСАДКОВ СТОЧНЫХ ВОД НА ПРОРОСТКИ ЛЬНА МАСЛИЧНОГО
Authors: Bostubaeva M.B  , Nauanova A.P
Published: September 2022

Складирование и захоронение иловых осадков сточных вод на территории очистных сооружений и полигонов в больших объемах приводит к постоянному загрязнению подземных и поверхностных вод, почв прилегающих территорий, являясь очагами размножения патогенных микроорганизмов и зловоний. Так же осадки представляют собой ценное органическое удобрение с высоким содержанием азота, фосфора, калия и различных микроэлементов. Иловый осадок после надлежащей обработки можно применять при озеленении и благоустройстве территории, придорожных полос, для рекультивации нарушенных земель. В статье приводятся данные по первому этапу биологической оценки фитотоксичности иловых осадков сточных вод по отношению к тест-культурам. При тестировании фитотоксичности иловых осадков учитывались такие показатели как всхожесть семян, энергия прорастания, длина корней и проростков льна масличного. Семена обрабатывались различными концентрациями водной вытяжки иловых осадков. В соответствии с проведенными экспериментами, оптимальной дозой для дальнейших исследований внесения иловых осадков может быть выбрана доза до 5%. Отмечено ростостимулирующие свойства иловых осадков  при концентрации 2,5%, где средняя длина корней льна масличного была выше на 55% по сравнения с контрольным образцом.
ТРИХОДЕРМА ТУЫСЫ САҢЫРАУҚҰЛАҚТАРЫНЫҢ АСТЫҚ ДАҚЫЛДАРЫ АУРУЛАРЫНЫҢ ҚОЗДЫРҒЫШТАРЫНА ҚАТЫСТЫ ГИПЕРПАРАЗИТТІК БЕЛСЕНДІЛІГІ
Authors: Shumenova N.Zh  , Naunova A.P  , Makenova M.M
Published: September 2022

Микроскопиялық топырақ саңырауқұлақтары Trichoderma spp. қазіргі ауыл шаруашылығында кеңінен қолданылатын биоагенттердің бірі. Бұл саңырауқұлақтардың танымалдылығы олардың кейбіреулері микробқа қарсы бірнеше жүздеген қайталама метаболиттерді шығаруымен, өсімдіктердің зиянкестер мен қоздырғыштардың зақымдануына жергілікті және жүйелік төзімділігін тудыруымен,  қоректік заттарды (әсіресе азотты) пайдалану тиімділігін арттыруымен,өсімдіктердің өсуін ынталандыруымен және абиотикалық күйзелістерге төзімділік беру қабілетімен байланысты. Trichoderma тектес саңырауқұлақтар фитопатогендік саңырауқұлақтар тудыратын ауруларды биологиялық бақылау үшін қолданылатын өсімдік патогендерінің мицелиалды саңырауқұлақтарының антагонистері болып табылады. Олар биофунгицидтердің, био тыңайтқыштар мен биостимуляторлық қасиеттеріне байланысты ауыл шаруашылығында кеңінен қолданылады.  Біз алған салыстырмалы деректер зерттеу үшін таңдалған триходерма штамдарының фитопатогендік саңырауқұлақтарға қарсы айқын тежелу белсенділігі бар екенін көрсетті.Мақалада Trichoderma консорциумдарының астық дақылдары ауруларының қоздырғыштарына қатысты гиперпаразиттік белсенділігін зерттеу материалдары ұсынылған. Зерттеу нәтижелері барысында Trichoderma туысы саңырауқұлақтары негізінде жасалған консорциумдардың Fusarium, Bipolaris және Alternaria фитопатогендерінің өсуін 3 күн ішінде жоя бастайтыны, ал қарама-қарсы культураларда өсірудің 7-ші күнінде толықтай лизиске ұшырататыны анықталды. Trichoderma гиперпаразиттік белсенділігін анықтау бұл микроорганизмдерді толық сипаттау үшін, оларды биологиялық препараттар әзірлеуде одан әрі пайдалану үшін қосымша сынақ ретінде пайдаланылуы мүмкін.
THE INFLUENCE OF BIOCENOSIS ON THE FORMATION OF PARASITOFAUNA IN THE NORTHERN TIEN SHAN
Authors: Suleimenov M.Zh  , Berkinbay О  , Omarov B.B  , Zhanteliyeva L.O  , Barbol B.I  , Dzhusupbekova N.M  , Uğur Uslu  , Rao Zahid Abbas
Published: September 2022

In the Karkary-Kegen valley of the Almaty region of Kazakhstan, when breeding a new breed of sheep with the participation of different animal species, their parasitofauna was formed from parasites present in this biocenosis or natural focus. In this region there were 75 species of parasites belonging to 5 types, 5 classes, 3 subclasses, 3 orders, 10 suborders, 4 superfamilies, 21 families, 11 subfamilies, 1 tribe and 34 genera. During the formation of the breed for more than 20 years, archaromerinos had 28 species of parasites: one species of trematodes (D.lanceatum,), 4 species of cestodes (T.hydatigena, larvae; E.granulosa,larvae; M.expansa; M.benedeni) and 23 species of nematodes (S.ovis, Ch.ovina, T.axei, T.colubriformis, O.circumcincta, O.occidentalis, O.trifida, O.trifurcata, M.marshalli, N.archari, N.dogieli, N.filicollis, N.oiratianus, N.spathiger, N.longissimespiculata, D.filaria, P.davtiani, P.hobmaieri, P.raillieti,P.skrjabini, C.nigrescens, B.schulzi, T.skrjabini). In the next 60 years, hybrids acquired another 35 species. Thus, a new breed of animals is included in the cycle of invasion in the biocenosis. Some parasites (not previously noted in this biocenosis) that are in the body of archaromerinos, getting into the external environment with feces, form new foci, involving other species of animals living in this biocenosis in the circulation.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДИНАМИКИ ПРОХОЖДЕНИЯ РОСТА И РАЗВИТИЯ СОРТОВ СРЕДНЕВОЛОКНИСТОГО ХЛОПЧАТНИКА
Authors: Sadikov A.T
Published: September 2022

В статье представлены теоретические обоснования и практические результаты по изучению коллекции новых сортов родительских пар средневолокнистого хлопчатника для гибридизации. Следовательно, все родительские сорта отличались прохождением основных фаз развития, к концу вегетационного периода все изученные генофонды имели большое количество коробочек на растение.Высота растений в среднем на 1 августа (2019-2021 гг.) у местных селекции достигли – от 75,0 до 80,6 см, у зарубежных – 67,3-83,3 см. Количество коробочек на 1 сентября 2019-2021 годы наших исследований в среднем по местным сортам составила – от 14,3-15,9 шт./растение, а у зарубежных – 13,9-15,7 шт./растение. Значительным показателям выделились 5 зарубежные – ALC-86/6, Cocer-4104, DP-4025, NAD-53, NAK-99/1 и 2 местные – Дусти-ИЗ, Зироаткор-64, которые прилагается использовать в дальнейшим селекционным исследованиям, как ценным доноров с комплексом хозяйственно-полезных признаков.
АРПА ЕГІСІНДЕ АРАМШӨПТЕРДІҢ МОНИТОРИНГІ
Authors: Tulegenova D.K  , Kaliyeva L.T  , Kuanalieva M.K
Published: September 2022

Батыс Қазақстанның ауылшаруашылығы дақылдарының егістерінде жылдан жылға зиянды арамшөптердің саны артып келеді: жатаған бидайық, егіс қалуені, кәдімгі қарасұлы, мысық құйрық және т.б. Агрофитоценоздардың фитосанитарлық жағдайының нашарлауына әкелген себептердің жиынтығына тыңайған жерлер алқаптарының ұлғаюы, егіс алқаптарының ғылыми негізделген құрылымынан ауытқуы және соның салдарынан ауыспалы егістердің сақталмауы жатады.Егістіктердің қазіргі фитосанитарлық жағдайын, экстенсивті егіншілікті ескере отырып, арамшөптердің зақымдану шегін төмендету үшін әртүрлі химиялық әдістерді уақытылы қолдану қажет болады.Химиялық заттарды пайдалану экономикалық тиімділікпен реттеледі, бұл оларды пайдалануды шектейді, бірақ сонымен бірге жүргізілген зерттеулер көрсеткендей, өңдеудің жоғары энергетикалық әдістерін қолдану азайтады.Арамшөптермен күресуде агротехникалық және химиялық құралдарының ресурс үнемдейтін технологияларындағы ұтымды комбинациясы ол топырақты өңдеудің минималды әдістерімен тиімді күресуді қамтамасыз етеді.Жаздық дәнді дақылдардың егістіктерінде арамшөп өсімдіктері өнімділікті 20% немесе одан да көп төмендетеді. Осыған байланысты арпа дақылдарының  егістіктерінде арамшөптермен күресудің тиімді химиялық құралдарын қолдану кезек күттірмейтін халық шаруашылығының  негізгі міндеті болып табылады.Бүгінгі таңда дәнді дақылдар егістіктерінде арамшөптермен күресудің химиялық әдісі, сөзсіз, экономикалық жағынан тиімді әдістердің бірі болып табылады.
MEDICATION, NOCTURNAL DIPPING PROFILE AND HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCY
Authors: Varahabhatla Vamsi , Jug Juraj , Prkačin Ingrid , Lovrić Benčić Martina
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the medication used by the patients with hypertensive crisis (blood pressure above 180/120mmHg) and its impact on the main risk factors for hypertensive emergency development. Methods: A total of 233 patients (108 male, 125 female), 184 had hypertensive urgency/ 53 emergency (54.44% /50.95% in women) at the Emergency department during 11 months. Patients were divided in five age groups as decades starting from the age of 40 (mean 65.85 years) and a total ten groups depending on which type of hypertensive medication they were using (ACEi, ARB, BB, CCB, diuretics, moxonidine, and their combinations). Results: By using antihypertensive monotherapy percentage of hypertensive emergencies were 100.00%, 50.00%, 41.66%, 33.33%, 21.05%. Using ACEi + CCB + diuretic significantly decreased the number of emergencies to 0%, 18.47%, 21.05%, 25.00%, 33.33%; but adding beta blocker additionally diminished the risk. Overall 53 patients had no medication (22.75%) and 68 of 233 patients were smokers (29.18%, 63.23% male) of which 36 patients had hypertensive emergency (52.94% of smokers). The biggest number of non-dippers was found in patients who took ARBs, diuretics and/or CCB but the smallest number was shown in patients who took ACEi in combination with moxonidine (-20.07%). 22.02% of smokers were non-dippers (-54.67% nonsmokers). Odds ratio for getting hypertensive emergency in case patient had a non-dipper profile was 4.18 (CI 1.02 – 18.89, p < 0.05). Patients taking different medication (or none) did not have increased chance for hypertensive emergency development (OR 1.21, p = NS). We didn’t find any differences in the non-dipping profile incidence between genders (72.12% males, 72.83% females). Conclusion: Combinations of all antihypertensive medication showed benefit over monotherapy. Higher 24-hour and nighttime blood pressure (non-dipping profile) was significantly associated with greater change for developing hypertensive emergency.
MEDICACIÓN, PERFIL DE INMERSIÓN NOCTURNA Y EMERGENCIA HIPERTENSIVA
Authors: Varahabhatla Vamsi , Jug Juraj , Prkačin Ingrid , Lovrić Benčić Martina
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la medicación utilizada por los pacientes con crisis hipertensiva (presión arterial superior a 180/120mmHg) y su impacto en los principales factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de la emergencia hipertensiva. Métodos: Un total de 233 pacientes (108 hombres, 125 mujeres), 184 tenían urgencia hipertensiva/ 53 emergencia (54,44% /50,95% en mujeres) en el servicio de Urgencias durante 11 meses. Los pacientes fueron divididos en cinco grupos de edad según décadas a partir de los 40 años (media de 65,85 años) y un total de diez grupos según el tipo de medicación hipertensiva que utilizaban (IECA, ARA, BB, BCC, diuréticos, moxonidina y sus combinaciones). Resultados: Utilizando monoterapia antihipertensiva el porcentaje de urgencias hipertensivas fue del 100,00%, 50,00%, 41,66%, 33,33%, 21,05%. El uso de IECA + BCC + diuréticos disminuyó significativamente el número de urgencias al 0%, 18,47%, 21,05%, 25,00%, 33,33%; pero la adición de betabloqueantes disminuyó el riesgo. En general, 53 pacientes no tenían medicación (22,75%) y 68 de 233 pacientes eran fumadores (29,18%, 63,23% hombres), de los cuales 36 pacientes tuvieron una urgencia hipertensiva (52,94% de los fumadores). El mayor número de hipertensos no inmersivos se encontró en los pacientes que tomaban ARA, diuréticos y/o BCC, pero el menor número se mostró en los pacientes que tomaban IECA en combinación con moxonidina (-20,07%). El 22,02% de los fumadores no eran hipertensos inmersivos (-54,67% de los no fumadores). El odds ratio para obtener una emergencia hipertensiva en caso de que el paciente tuviera un perfil no inmersivo fue de 4,18 (IC 1,02 - 18,89, p < 0,05). Los pacientes que tomaban una medicación diferente (o ninguna) no tenían mayor probabilidad de desarrollar una emergencia hipertensiva (OR 1,21, p = NS). No se encontraron diferencias en la incidencia de perfil no inmersivo entre géneros (72,12% varones, 72,83% mujeres). Conclusión: Las combinaciones de toda la medicación antihipertensiva mostraron beneficios sobre la monoterapia. Una mayor presión arterial de 24 horas y nocturna (perfil de hipertensión no inmersiva) se asoció significativamente con un mayor cambio para desarrollar una emergencia hipertensiva.
Three dominant synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns influencing severe winter haze in eastern China
Authors: Zhang Shiyue , Zeng Gang , Wang Tijian , Yang Xiaoye , Iyakaremye Vedaste
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Previous studies indicated that, on synoptic scale, the severe haze in eastern China (EC) is affected by the atmospheric circulation variations. However, it is still unclear what are the dominant atmospheric circulation patterns influencing the severe winter haze conditions in EC and what are the differences between them. To systematically determine the dominant synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns of severe haze in different regions of EC, we use the Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm to classify the local geopotential height anomalies at 500-hPa over the stations with severe haze and obtained three dominant synoptic atmospheric circulation types based on observed PM2.5 concentration and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. Circulation Type1 is accompanied by significant north wind component anomalies over northern China and causes severe haze pollution over the Yangtze River valley. Although the local meteorological conditions are not conducive to haze formation and accumulation, the severe haze in Yangtze River valley is related to the pollution transportation caused by the north wind anomalies. During the haze days with circulation Type2, the joint affection of East Atlantic-West Russia teleconnection pattern and winter East Asia subtropical jet stimulate and maintain the anticyclonic anomalies over northeast Asia, which provides meteorological conditions conducive to the occurrence of severe haze over the whole EC. The circulation Type3 mainly caused severe haze events in northeast China through the establishment of blocking high over the Okhotsk Sea. The results provide a basis for establishing haze prediction and management policies applicable to different regions in EC.
An improved representation of fire non-methane organic gases (NMOGs) in models: emissions to reactivity
Authors: Carter Therese S. , Heald Colette L. , Kroll Jesse H. , Apel Eric C. , Blake Donald , Coggon Matthew , Edtbauer Achim , Gkatzelis Georgios , Hornbrook Rebecca S. , Peischl Jeff , Pfannerstill Eva Y. , Piel Felix , Reijrink Nina G. , Ringsdorf Akima , Warneke Carsten , Williams Jonathan , Wisthaler Armin , Xu Lu
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Fires emit a substantial amount of non-methane organic gases (NMOGs), the
atmospheric oxidation of which can contribute to ozone and secondary
particulate matter formation. However, the abundance and reactivity of these
fire NMOGs are uncertain and historically not well constrained. In this
work, we expand the representation of fire NMOGs in a global chemical
transport model, GEOS-Chem. We update emission factors to Andreae (2019) and
the chemical mechanism to include recent aromatic and ethene and ethyne model
improvements
(Bates
et al., 2021; Kwon et al., 2021). We expand the representation of NMOGs by
adding lumped furans to the model (including their fire emission and
oxidation chemistry) and by adding fire emissions of nine species already
included in the model, prioritized for their reactivity using data from the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments (FIREX) laboratory studies. Based on quantified emissions factors, we estimate
that our improved representation captures 72 % of emitted, identified NMOG
carbon mass and 49 % of OH reactivity from savanna and temperate forest
fires, a substantial increase from the standard model (49 % of mass,
28 % of OH reactivity). We evaluate fire NMOGs in our model with
observations from the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) in Brazil, Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) and DC3 in the US, and Arctic Research of the Composition of the
Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) in boreal Canada. We show that NMOGs,
including furan, are well simulated in the eastern US with some
underestimates in the western US and that adding fire emissions improves our
ability to simulate ethene in boreal Canada. We estimate that fires provide
15 % of annual mean simulated surface OH reactivity globally, as well as more
than 75 % over fire source regions. Over continental regions about half of
this simulated fire reactivity comes from NMOG species. We find that furans
and ethene are important globally for reactivity, while phenol is more
important at a local level in the boreal regions. This is the first global
estimate of the impact of fire on atmospheric reactivity.
Earth Observations from the Moon surface: dependence on lunar libration
Authors: Gorkavyi Nick , Krotkov Nickolay , Marshak Alexander
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Observing the Earth from the Moon has important scientific advantages. The angular diameter of the Earth as seen from the Moon surface is 1.9° ± 0.1°(the angular size varies due to the change in the distance between the Earth and the Moon). The libration of the Moon in latitude reaches an amplitude of 6.68° and has a main period of 27.21 days (or 653.1 hours). The libration of the Moon in longitude, reaching 7.9°, has a period of 27.55 days (or 661.3 hours). This causes the center of the Earth move in the Moon’s sky in a rectangle measuring 13.4°× 15.8°. The trajectory of the Earth's motion in this rectangle changes its shape with a period of 6 years. This apparent librational movement of the Earth in the Moon’s sky complicates observations of the Earth. The paper proposes to turn this disadvantage into an advantage and place a multi-slit spectrometer on the Moon surface on a fixed platform. The libration motion and the daily rotation of the Earth will act as a natural replacement for the scanning mechanism.
Spatio-temporal evolution of glacial lakes in the Tibetan Plateau over the past 30 years
Authors: Dou Xiangyang , Fan Xuanmei , Yunus Ali P. , Xiong Junlin , Tang Ran , Wang Xin , Xu Qiang
Published: September 2022

Abstract. As the Third Pole of the Earth and the Water Tower of Asia, Tibetan Plateau (TP) nurtures large numbers of glacial lakes, which are sensitive to global climate change. These lakes modulate the freshwater ecosystem in the region, but concurrently pose severe threats to the valley population by means of sudden glacial lake outbursts and consequent floods (GLOFs). Lack of high-resolution multi-temporal inventory of glacial lakes in TP hampers a better understanding and prediction of the future trend and risk of glacial lakes. Here, we created a multi-temporal inventory of glacial lakes in TP using 30 years record of 42833 satellite images (1990–2019), and discussed their characteristics and spatio-temporal evolution over the years. Results showed that their number and area had increased by 3285 and 258.82 km2 in the last 3 decades, respectively. We noticed that different regions of TP exhibited varying change rates in glacial lake size, most regions show a trend of expansion and increase in glacial lakes, while some regions show a trend of decreasing such as the western Pamir and the eastern Hindu Kush. The mapping uncertainty is about 17.5 %, lower than other available datasets, thus making our inventory reliable for the spatio-temporal evolution analysis of glacial lakes in TP. Our lake inventory data are freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5574289 (Dou et al., 2021), it can help to study climate change-glacier-glacial lake-GLOF interactions in the Third Pole and serve input to various hydro-climatic studies.
Use of machine learning to retrieve nitrogen dioxide with hyperspectral imagers in the ultraviolet and blue spectral range
Authors: Joiner Joanna , Marchenko Sergey , Fasnacht Zachary , Lamsal Lok , Li Can , Vasilkov Alexander , Krotkov Nickolay
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an important trace-gas pollutant and climate agent whose presence also leads to spectral interference in ocean color retrievals. NO2 column densities have been retrieved with satellite UV-Vis spectrometers such as the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) that typically have spectral resolutions of the order of 0.5 nm or better and spatial footprints as small as 3.5 km × 5 km. These NO2 observations are used to estimate emissions, monitor pollution trends, and study effects on human health. Here, we investigate whether it is possible to retrieve NO2 amounts with lower spectral resolution hyper-spectral imagers such as the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) that will fly on the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) satellite set for launch in early 2024. OCI will have a spectral resolution of 5 nm and a spatial resolution of ∼1 km with global coverage in 1–2 days. At this spectral resolution, small scale spectral structure from NO2 absorption is still present. We use real spectra from the OMI to simulate OCI spectra that are in turn used to estimate NO2 slant column densities (SCDs) with an artificial neural network trained on target OMI retrievals. While we obtain good results with no noise added to the OCI simulated spectra, we find that the expected instrumental noise substantially degrades the OCI NO2 retrievals. Nevertheless, the NO2 information from OCI may be of value for ocean color retrievals, as our simulations suggest that it will be of similar or slightly better quality as compared with TROPOMI NO2 data at TROPOMI spatial resolution on a daily basis and will be available simultaneously. OCI retrievals can also be temporally averaged over time-scales of the order months to reduce noise and provide higher spatial resolution maps that may be useful for downscaling information provided by lower spatial resolution instruments such as OMI and TROPOMI, for high resolution emissions estimates, and other applications. In addition, we explore the possibility of using an extended fitting window for NO2 retrievals as compared with traditional approaches. We demonstrate that the use of an extended spectral fitting window can reduce random errors in a current state-of-the-art OMI NO2 SCD product. Machine learning approaches with extended fitting windows, once trained, can also substantially speed up NO2 spectral fitting algorithms as applied to OMI, TROPOMI, and similar instruments that are flying or will soon fly in geostationary orbit.
Paleoecology and evolutionary response of planktonic foraminifera to the Plio-Pleistocene Intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciations
Authors: Woodhouse Adam , Procter Frances A. , Jackson Sophie L. , Jamieson Robert A. , Newton Robert J. , Sexton Philip F. , Aze Tracy
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The Plio-Pleistocene is associated with many important climatic and paleoceanographic changes which have shaped the biotic and abiotic nature of the modern world. The closure of the Central American Seaway and the development and intensification of northern hemisphere icesheets had profound global impacts on the latitudinal and vertical structure of the oceans triggering the extinction and radiation of many marine groups. In particular, marine calcifying planktonic foraminifera, that are sensitive to water column structure, exhibited a series of extinctions as global temperatures fell. By analyzing high-resolution (~5 kyr) sedimentary records from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean, complimented with global records from the novel Triton dataset, we document the biotic changes in this microfossil group, within which three species displayed isochronous co-extinction, and species with cold-water affinity increase in dominance. We suggest that these changes are associated with the terminal stages of the closure of the Central American Seaway and mark the initiation of a world in which cold- and deep-dwelling species became increasingly more successful.
A generalized spatial autoregressive neural network (GSARNN) method for three-dimensional spatial interpolation
Authors: Zhan Junda , Wu Sensen , Qi Jin , Zeng Jindi , Qin Mengjiao , Wang Yuanyuan , Du Zhenhong
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Spatial interpolation, which is one of the most important spatial analysis methods, predicts unsampled spatial data from the values of sampled points. Generally, the core of spatial interpolation is fitting spatial weights via spatial correlation. Traditional methods express spatial distances in a conventional Euclidean way and conduct relatively simple spatial weight calculation processes, limiting their ability to fit complex spatial nonlinear characteristics in multidimensional space. To tackle these problems, we developed a generalized spatial distance neural network (GSDNN) unit to generally and adaptively express spatial distances in complex feature space. By combining the spatial autoregressive neural network (SARNN) with the GSDNN unit, we constructed a generalized spatial autoregressive neural network (GSARNN) to perform spatial interpolation in three-dimensional space. The GSARNN model was examined and compared using two three-dimensional cases: a simulated case and a real Argo case. The experiment results demonstrated that exploiting the feature extraction ability of neural networks, the GSARNN achieved superior interpolation performance and was more adaptable than inverse distance weighted, ordinary Kriging, and SARNN methods.
Estimating global landslide susceptibility and its uncertainty through ensemble modeling
Authors: Felsberg Anne , Poesen Jean , Bechtold Michel , Vanmaercke Matthias , De Lannoy Gabriëlle J. M.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. This study assesses global landslide susceptibility (LSS) at the coarse 36 km spatial resolution of global satellite soil moisture observations to prepare for a subsequent combination of a global LSS map with dynamic satellite-based soil moisture estimates for landslide modeling. Global LSS estimation contains uncertainty, arising from errors in the underlying data, the spatial mismatch between landslide events and predictor information, and large-scale LSS model generalizations.
For a reliable uncertainty assessment, this study combines methods from the landslide community with common practices in meteorological modeling to create an ensemble of global LSS maps. The predictive LSS models are obtained from a mixed effects logistic regression, associating hydrologically triggered landslide data from the Global Landslide Catalog (GLC) with predictor variables describing the landscape. The latter are taken from the Catchment land surface modeling system (including input parameters of soil (hydrological) properties and resulting climatological statistics of water budget estimates), as well as geomorphological and lithological data. Road network density is introduced as a random effect to mitigate potential landslide inventory bias.
We use a blocked random cross validation to assess the model uncertainty that propagates into the LSS maps. To account for other uncertainty sources, such as input uncertainty, we also perturb the predictor variables and obtain an ensemble of LSS maps. The perturbations are optimized so that the total predicted uncertainty fits the observed discrepancy between the ensemble average LSS and the landslide presence or absence from the GLC. We find that the most reliable total uncertainty estimates are obtained through the inclusion of a topography-dependent perturbation between 15 % and 20 % to the predictor variables. The areas with the largest LSS uncertainty coincide with moderate ensemble average LSS, because of the asymptotic nature of the LSS model. The spatial patterns of the average LSS agree well with previous global studies and yield areas under the receiver operating characteristic between 0.84 and 0.92 for independent regional to continental landslide inventories.