bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining, Identifying, and Estimating Causal Effects with the Potential Outcomes Framework: A Review for Education Research
Authors: Keller Bryan , Branson Zach
Published: October 2023

Causal inference involves determining whether a treatment (e.g., an education program) causes a change in outcomes (e.g., academic achievement). It is well-known that causal effects are more challenging to estimate than associational effects. Over the past 50 years, the potential outcomes framework has become one of the most widely used approaches for defining, identifying, and estimating causal effects. In this paper we review the potential outcomes framework with a focus on potential outcomes notation to define individual and average causal effects. We then show how three canonical assumptions, Unconfoundedness, Positivity, and Consistency, may be used to identify average causal effects. The identification results motivate methods for estimating causal effects in practice, which include model-based estimators, such as regression, inverse probability weighting, and doubly robust estimation, and procedures that target covariate balance, such as matching and stratification. Examples and discussion are grounded in the context of a running example of a study aimed at assessing the causal effect of receipt of special education services on 5th grade mathematics achievement in school-aged children. Practical considerations for education research are discussed.
Navigating Scientific Disagreement: The Effect of Expertise, Interestedness, and Scientific Literacy on Trust in Scientists and Belief in Science Claims
Authors: van Antwerpen Natasha , Green Estelle , Sturman Daniel , Searston Rachel A
Published: October 2023

Media disagreements about science can blur distinctions between experts and non-experts, potentially eroding public trust in scientific claims. We explore how trust in scientific claims and experts is affected by the expertise and vested interests of dissenting voices, and scientific literacy’s role. In an experiment, participants (N = 105) read science news articles featuring disagreement between experts. The dissenting expert's expertise and potential conflicts of interest were varied. Results show scientists were deemed more trustworthy when disagreeing experts had vested interests or lacked domain expertise. Furthermore, those with higher scientific literacy better assessed claims and trustworthiness based on these factors.
Interpersonal emotion regulation and depressive symptoms in parent-adolescent dyads: A daily-diary investigation
Authors: Gadassi Polack Reuma , Questel Marcia , Sened Haran , Marshall Hannah E. , Chen Grace J. , Geiger Eva Johanna , Yosef Tom Bar , Joormann Jutta
Published: October 2023

Deficient parental extrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation (IER, how people regulate others’ emotions) is a known risk factor for adolescent depression. Although IER and depression development are transactional, dyadic processes, previous work has almost exclusively focused on how parental IER is associated with adolescent depression. The association between parental IER and parental depression and the associations between adolescent IER and adolescent and parental depression have received little attention. Moreover, most studies have focused on the regulation of negative but not positive affect. We address these gaps by examining associations between parent and adolescent IER and depressive symptoms using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model framework. For 28 days, 112 parent-adolescent dyads (12- to 18-year-old adolescents) completed a dyadic daily diary, reporting their own depressive symptoms and IER strategies employed in response to dyad members’ positive and negative affect. Our results, based on 5,442 data points, show that the use of positive- and negative-affect-worsening IER is associated with more depression in the regulator (be it parent or adolescent). Surprisingly, parents’ use of more negative-affect-improving IER was associated with higher levels of their own and adolescents' depression. Finally, adolescents’ use of positive-affect-improving IER was associated with their own decreased depression. Overall, parents (vs. adolescents) used more negative- and positive-affect-improving extrinsic IER, whereas adolescents used more positive-affect-worsening extrinsic IER. Our results highlight the importance of using dyadic designs in studying depression and IER as well as the need to consider who is regulating, the valence of the affect regulated, and the type of strategy used.
No initial elevation on personality self-reports
Authors: Anvari Farid , Arslan Ruben C. , Efendic Emir , Elson Malte , Schneider Iris K.
Published: October 2023

Research shows that people’s self-reports may be biased by an initial elevation phenomenon in which ratings are higher the first time that people take a survey as compared to the second and subsequent times. Apart from the fact that this phenomenon exists, and that it might bias ratings for negative subjective experiences more strongly than positive ones, little else is known. In the present study, we examined whether the initial elevation phenomenon occurs for commonly used trait measures, such as ratings on personality inventories and life satisfaction. We hypothesized that the initial elevation phenomenon may be associated with the (un)desirability of the content of the self-report items such that ratings for undesirable items would show initial elevation and ratings for desirable items would show the reverse. We tested this in an online convenience sample (N = 3,329) using 5 facets of a personality inventory and a single item measure of life satisfaction. Our hypotheses were not supported. Our findings suggest that at least for online convenience samples, ratings on personality inventories and life satisfaction are not strongly impacted by initial elevation.
Exploring Activities to Handle Disruptive Behavior in English Language Classrooms of Private Schools of Nepal
Authors: Luitel Peshal
Published: October 2023

Available with the full text.
Ecotourism Promotion in the Waste Water Treatment Plant Biratnagar Municipality 14 (Jatuwa)
Authors: Paswan Prameshwar
Published: October 2023

Available with the full text.
Missing the Boat: Narrative Artistry in Hawthorne’s “My Kinsman, Major Molineux” and James’s The Ambassadors
Authors: Duban James
Published: October 2023

Might the pre-revolutionary setting of Boston, as depicted in Hawthorne’s “My Kinsman, Major Molineux,” relate to high-society Paris in James’s The Ambassadors? What do the nepotistic outlooks of Robin Molineux and Lambert Strether have in common? How does the narrative technique of Hawthorne’s tale anticipate the artistry of one of James’s most complex narratives, and in what manner does James go beyond his predecessor in refining the reflector-narrator technique? The magnitude and significance of such concerns—although in Hawthorne’s tale, historically momentous; in James’s narrative, highly personal—stand to enhance understanding of how James enhanced the narrative technique of “My Kinsman, Major Molineux” in dramatic renderings of apperceptive consciousness and post-factum narrative speculation.
Sravnitel'nyi analiz kolichestvennykh i kachestvennykh pokazatelei publikatsionnoi aktivnosti kafedr "DGPU"
Authors: Omarov Omar Magomedzagirovich , Ismailov Sharip Osmanovich , Annaev Ramazan Ismailovich
Published: October 2023

The chapter presents the results of a comparative analysis of the publication activity of the teaching staff of the departments of the Faculty of Physical Education of Dagestan State Pedagogical University. The obtained research results are based on the scientometric database of the RSCI. According to a set of hetero-geneous scientometric indicators: the number of publications, the citation index, the Hirsch index, the impact factor and the categories of journals in the List of the Higher Attestation Commission in which articles are published, the authors have compiled ratings of departments, an integrated assessment of their publication productivity is given. The importance of research related to the publication activity of higher school teachers is emphasized: the study of the publication activity of teachers and structural units of the university allows not only to assess the current situation of the effectiveness of research activities, but also assumes its informational value in solving the tasks of improving the efficiency of planning and organization of scientific work of departments (faculties), in order to increase the competitiveness of the university.
Emotsional'naia i nravstvennaia ustoichivost' sovremennogo pedagoga
Authors: Pokhilko Aleksandr Dmitrievich , Gubanova Marina Aleksandrovna , Sian Iui
Published: October 2023

The chapter is devoted to a detailed analysis of the relationship between moral stability and emotional stability, taking into account the philosophical idea of Confucius about the moral education of a noble person. Confucius, as a great teacher of the ancient world, teaches not only to restrain emotions, but to direct their energy to the moral self-improvement of the individual. This article reveals in detail the content of the concept of emotional stability and the role of the teacher's moral stability in maintaining his emotional stability. In this aspect, brief information is given about the relevant personality traits of a noble person (jun zi), in particular, that a noble person moves «up» and not «down». The issue of different approaches to the moral and emotional nature of irritability is discussed. It was revealed that moral irritability serves as a symptom and a prerequisite for the under-mining of moral and, accordingly, emotional stability as components of personal autonomy. As a result, it is shown that high morality has a positive effect on emotional stability.
Camorealizatsiia cheloveka v sfere obrazovaniia kak problema sotsial'nykh i gumanitarnykh nauk
Authors: Veriaskina Anna Nikolaevna
Published: October 2023

The chapter reveals the understanding of self-realization as an essential characteristic of a modern person, acting as a process of building a unique life path by a person. The characteristic of the interdisciplinary conceptual and terminological field in relation to the life path of a person is given. The results of the study of the degree of self-realization of individuals in the field of education are presented. A number of objective and subjective conditions are highlighted that contribute to achieving a high degree of self-realization of a person, the role and place of education in this process is shown.
The method of improving advertising texts based on the use of generative models
Authors: Lipianina-Honcharenko Kh.V. , Kit I.R.
Published: October 2023

The article is dedicated to the development of a new method of improvement advertising texts based on the use of generative models. Advertising content plays a crucial role in modern marketing, as it fosters a brand's interaction with the audience and attracts new customers. However, creating effective advertising content often presents a challenge. Generative models open up new opportunities for creating advertising texts. They can be used to automate the process of content creation, providing a high level of originality and creativity. Specifically, this article focuses on the use of GPT series models for generating advertising texts. The first task within this research is to study the theoretical basis of generative models and their capabilities for text creation. The authors conduct a detailed analysis of the main principles of these models' operation, as well as their potential use in the context of advertising text. Further, the article describes a method of collecting and preparing input data for training generative models. Since the quality of output texts heavily depends on the quality of input data, this stage is important for the successful application of generative models. Next, the authors develop an algorithm for training the generative model based on the collected data. They describe the process of selecting optimal hyperparameters for the model, which is vital to achieve the best results. The approach presented in this article is a significant contribution to developing new methods for optimizing advertising texts. It has considerable potential for use in the marketing sphere, where there is a need to quickly and effectively generate large volumes of content. At the same time, the research results may be useful for further scientific studies in this field
Development of an application for monitoring human mental health based on cognitive-behavioral therapy methods using Python and library Tkinter
Authors: Marchenko I. , Balalaieva O. , Serhiienko A. , Kior O.
Published: October 2023

The article provides material on monitoring a person's mental health using modern psychological approaches and information technologies. IT products in the field of mental health can be implemented as Telegram bots, mobile applications, desktop applications, websites, social networks, etc. An analysis of available software for collecting and analyzing data on a person's psychological state, his mood, sleep patterns, the presence of signs of depression, various types of disorders, etc. was carried out. It was revealed that the main drawback of the existing software products is the lack of certification of tests and confirmation of the use of scientifically based methods for the interpretation of the obtained results. The work presents its own software for monitoring a person's mental health, which is based on the methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy. The product is implemented in the format of a desktop application written in Python using standard GUI library Tkinter and additional libraries CustomTkinter and, TTKBOOTSTRAP. The main purpose of the developed software product is to allow the user to monitor his own psychological health, including tracking mood, anxiety level, emotional state, stress level, sleep quality, etc. The app also provides helpful tips and advice on maintaining mental health and reducing stress. Functional capabilities of the application allow a person to conduct preliminary self-diagnosis to detect depression, SAD, OCD, PTSD, anxiety and cognitive disorder, as well as use SMER tables and a notebook for further self-analysis. When creating the program, an object-oriented approach was used with the use of algorithms for optimal button generation and survey generation using frames. To test the developed software and the mathematical model that underlies it, experimental studies were carried out in real time on the recognition of gestures of the sign language
Application of refractory materials for steel ladles
Authors: Stoianov O.M. , Niziaev K.H. , Malii Kh.V. , Kukhar V.V.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the service life of refractories and various options for combined lining of steel ladles used in steelmaking shops with out-of-furnace steel processing departments, and identifies the main trends in its development. The use of various types of lining is analyzed based on the experience of Japan, Germany, Austria, and France. The technological conditions of operation of steel ladles with the main lining are considered. Under operating conditions, the lining areas near the slag belt and the place where the jet hits the bottom of the ladle are subject to the greatest destruction, so it is advisable to install high-quality refractories in these areas. In addition, the reasons for the insufficient stability of refractories are identified, including decarburization, corrosion, ladle slag formed during out-of-furnace metal processing, the use of synthetic additives to slag, high thermal conductivity of refractory materials during operation, and others. Ways to increase the service life of steel ladles are identified. It is shown that the world practice is characterized by the use and intensive improvement of the main lining of steel ladles through the use of new materials with increased refractory and operational characteristics. The experience of refractory improvement by Shinagawa Refractories, TYK Corp, Plibrico, Nippon Steel, Krosaki Harima, and IPSCO Steel, including practical testing at production, is presented. It is established that the high cost of consumables and increased requirements for manufacturing technology hinder the massive introduction of the developed technologies at metallurgical enterprises
Features of low-temperature corrosion protection of cylinder sleeves of ship low-speed engines
Authors: Pohorletsky D.S. , Gritsuk I.V. , Khudiakov I.V. , Chernenko V.V. , Polishuk A.V.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the specifics of solving one of the problems of low-speed marine engines, during which low-temperature corrosion of cylinder liners occurs during operation at minimum and partial load modes. An overview of the cooling systems of ship's main engines was conducted and possible prospects for improving the cooling systems of ship's diesel engines were considered. Attention is paid to the causes and methods of combating low-temperature corrosion of ship's main engines. The methods of regulating the cooling system of marine diesel engines were considered, and it was determined that the modern concept of regulation in the cooling system should include both automatic regulation of operational parameters due to the installation of frequency-regulated cooling system pumps, and regulation of the water-chemical parameters of the cooling system. Methods of regulating the operating parameters of the pumps in the cooling system of the ship's main engine were also considered, which use the principle of frequency regulation of centrifugal pumps to ensure the modes of operation with the highest efficiency. Thus, frequency regulation is an energy-efficient way of regulating centrifugal pumps with variable coolant flows in ship engine cooling systems and one of the ways to maintain an optimal temperature state. The possibility of modernizing the cooling system of cylinders of low-speed engines according to the principle of the LDCL system to reduce the impact and occurrence of low-temperature corrosion was considered
Development of proposals for formalising the process of filtering navigation information of an underwater robot at shallow depths
Authors: Dubynets O.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to increase the efficiency of solving the problems of stabilising underwater robots at shallow depths based on complex processing of navigation information and its filtering using the Kalman theory. This goal is achieved by defining a set of mathematical dependencies for formalising the process of filtering navigation information of underwater robots based on complex data processing. In this case, the filtering is carried out using a distributed set of Kalman filters of different structures, which were selected considering the characteristics of the data being evaluated. It has been established that at present, underwater robots at shallow depths are widely used around the world for various tasks, including search operations and underwater inspections. However, the operation of these robots is characterised by difficult conditions. These conditions include unknown parameters of underwater navigation, the impact of external disturbances, changes in the mass, size and hydrodynamic characteristics of robots while operating in water. Currently, the concept of control based on intelligent methods is considered a promising approach to automating the control of moving objects. However, the use of such controllers for underwater robots, together with the problems of obtaining up-to-date navigation information, has not yet achieved sufficient efficiency. In addition, the issues related to the development of a navigation information processing system using nonlinear filters and the creation of intelligent controllers for underwater robots are still insufficiently covered in the scientific and technical literature. The most significant result is a set of mathematical dependencies for formalising the process of filtering navigation information of underwater robots using a set of distributed Kalman filters of different structures. Such sets are closely correlated with the relevant characteristics of the data being evaluated. In this context, the inertial module with Kalman filtering algorithms can be used to measure angular motion parameters and solve the problems of roll, pitch and yaw stabilisation. Due to the low speeds of underwater robots at shallow depths and the absence of high-frequency interference in the pressure sensor measurements, the data from the pressure sensor can be used to determine the vertical speed
Formation of digital strategies for solving problems of increasing the efficiency of cargo ship maintenance systems
Authors: Golovan A.I.
Published: October 2023

In today's ever-changing world, maritime transportation, and cargo ships, specifically, hold a crucial position in global supply chains and international trade. Guaranteeing the reliability, effectiveness, and safety of their operations is an increasingly urgent concern, as unexpected malfunctions and inadequacies in maintenance systems have the potential to cause significant losses, lengthy delays, and environmental hazards. In this regard, developing effective strategies to enhance the quality and efficiency of cargo ship maintenance systems is crucial. Digital technologies and innovative approaches can resolve various issues related to predicting breakdowns, optimizing maintenance processes, and monitoring equipment conditions. Nevertheless, delayed implementation of these strategies can result in loss of competitiveness and unnecessary expenses. The objective of this article is to devise a conceptual solution that enhances the efficiency of cargo ship maintenance systems through digital strategies. By assessing existing approaches, substantiating their pros and cons, the author endeavors to recognize the most apt methodologies and resolutions that enhance maintenance productivity, curtail expenses, and guarantee safe navigation. The concrete necessity to design digital strategies for cargo ship maintenance highlights the importance of this study. By analyzing the current research in the field, this study aims to enhance waterborne transport efficiency and address key issues in the transportation sector. The implementation of digital strategies in cargo ship maintenance would enhance the efficiency of the maintenance system. Thanks to these tools, the system will become more adaptable, predictable, and resource-efficient, ultimately improving the quality of maintenance, and lowering costs
JOVEM MARX
Authors: Schütz Jenerton Arlan , Eidt Celso
Published: October 2023

O texto apresenta conceitos fundamentais desenvolvidos pelo jovem Marx nos artigos e textos que vão da Rheinische Zeitung até seus primeiros estudos de economia política, assim como estão registrados nos Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos. A revisão da filosofia do direito de Hegel, os artigos dos Anais franco-alemães e do Glosas críticas, em sua centralidade voltados a temas de natureza política, mostram a amplitude das questões e profundidade das interrogações que Marx lança não apenas à fórmula hegeliana da relação entre o político e o social, mas à própria tradição do pensamento político ocidental. Estes estudos, marcados pelo vigor e radicalidade crítica, não apenas rompem as fórmulas políticas consagradas na filosofia moderna, mas apresentam elementos teóricos originais no tratamento da relação entre as instituições de ordem política e o universo das relações econômicas e sociais.
DIGITAL MARKETING AND BRANDING OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: LISUN YANINA
Published: October 2023

The article substantiates the relevance of digital communications at this stage of development of human society in general and higher education in particular. Attention is focused on such a tool for attracting and retaining customers in the long term as branding. Accordingly, the purpose of the publication is to study the meaning and results of the practical use of digital marketing and branding in the development of the higher education segment in Ukraine and European countries. The author emphasized that in modern conditions, the online presence of Higher Education Institutions in the media environment is gaining priority, which is especially relevant in the conditions of today's uncontrolled multi-crises, such as Covid-19 and the military aggression of the Russian Federation. , launched against Ukraine in 2022. To achieve the goal, general scientific methods were used: statistical and calculation-mathematical, with the help of which all the necessary initial information for digital and educational analytics was formed; theoretical - for the development of a conceptual scheme of digital marketing and branding of higher education based on an integration approach; analysis - to assess the presence of domestic and foreign higher education institutions in social networks, which are one of the channels of digital marketing communications; graphic method for the purpose of developing a conceptual scheme of integration of digital marketing and branding of higher education institutions. The main results of the research, representing a scientific novelty, were: identification of the popularity of marketing communication channels of domestic and foreign higher education institutions; determining the role of influencers in digital marketing and branding, positioning and promotion of HEIs in the market of educational services; substantiation of the main metrics for evaluating the effectiveness of digital marketing communications and branding of higher education institutions. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of their implementation in higher education at the current stage of development of higher education in Ukraine.
METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DOCUMENTATION OF FINISHED PRODUCTS
Authors: SLIESAR TETIANA , SHARA YEVHENIIA , AVRAMCHYK LIDIІA
Published: October 2023

The aim of the article is to study the features of documenting operations related to the production and inventory of finished products, as well as to find ways to improve it in order to ensure control over the execution of tasks for the production of finished products in accordance with the contractual assortment at all stages of its movement. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition of economic phenomena and processes, scientific works, materials of periodical issues. General scientific research methods such as induction, deduction, synthesis, and comparison were also used in the research. Normative and legislative acts on the documentary registration of economic operations related to the accounting of the movement of finished products were taken into account. In summarizing the analysis of scientific sources, the problems of documenting primary accounting operations of finished products are examined (including the documentation of certain specific costs characteristic of manufacturing enterprises, as well as the documentation of operations in individual production units, taking into account the peculiarities of the production process). The features of organizing the accounting of finished products at the stage of primary accounting and methods of inventorying finished products are highlighted. The necessity of developing and approving a document circulation schedule for the movement of finished products is justified. The conduct of quantitative accounting of finished products by types and storage locations using card-based and non-card-based methods is summarized. The expediency of introducing automated document circulation and the need to control the preservation of all primary documents, accounting registers, financial and other reports generated in electronic media within specified time frames are justified. Practical Significance: In the future, it is recommended to document finished products using specialized forms of primary documents, taking into account the specific features of the production process of certain manufacturing enterprises.
The Eighth Amendment of the US Constitution versus Death Penalty as a Form of "Cruel and Unusual" Punishment
Authors: BAKARADZE Ekaterine
Published: October 2023

The present research deals with the issue of death penalty in the US which creates tension whether it remains as a justified and valid form of punishment. It discusses the history of capital punishment, its adoption in the US, the way some US States started to abolish a "cruel and unusual punishment", the attempted reforms. it further analyses current approach of death penalty, the reforms focused on the process by which it is applied and with the limits of what is constitutional under the Eighth Amendment's ban: "Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted". The cases that made changes in the US legal system are also reviewed. Forms of executions, federal death penalty, court decisions regarding people with mental disabilities, juveniles, religion, women, the issues of race, innocence, financial facts, the roles of International Organizations and current statistics of the Bureau of Justice, DPIC, NAACP Legal Defense Fund, regarding death row inmates by state, number of executions by region is presented and reviewed. The research displays public opinion and analyses current situation in the US by presenting Gallup annual Crime Surveys, DPIC and Lake Research Partners polls. It poses a question whether a just society requires death penalty for the taking of a life. The research concludes that the U.S is a party to several fundamental human rights treaties that impact capital punishment, though it has refrained from being a party to the treaties that have most direct effects through invoking domestic law. By involvement of the U.S. in these treaties it will initiate the reform and restrict the death penalty from a human rights perspective. It will reduce exercising any unnecessary measures which threaten innocent life.
Acquiring and Loss of the Ownership on Things
Authors: CHECHELASHVILI Zurab
Published: October 2023

In this paper we have examined the main legal issues regarding the acquiring and loss of the ownership on movable and immovable things according to the Georgian law. 1st part of the paper is dedicated to the procedures of acquiring and loss of the ownership on immovable things. In particular, according to the Article 183 of the Civil Code of Georgia, in order to acquire the ownership on the immovables the existence of two elements is required: 1) the written agreement between the parties and 2) registration of the acquirer as an owner in the Public Registry. For the abandonment of the ownership on the immovables a declaration of the owner on the abandonment of the ownership and registration thereof in the Public Registry are required. The 2 part of the paper is dedicated to the procedures of acquiring and loss of the ownership on movable things. In particular, acquire of the ownership on movables is possible by several ways, which are the cases of acquisitions on the basis of a transaction, law and an act of the administrative body. Loss of the ownership on movables takes place on the basis of a transaction, by abandonment of ownership and destruction.
The Problem of Diminished Responsibility in Georgian Criminal Law
Authors: GIORGIDZE Aleksandre
Published: October 2023

The article emphasizes the problem of diminished responsibility in Georgian criminal law. The research pays attention to the historicalaspect of diminished responsibility and problem of free will in criminal behavior of a person with diminished responsibility.The article provides information about the list and characteristics of psychical anomalies and other circumstances that cause diminishedresponsibility. The research discusses the issue of relationship between the guilt and diminished responsibility. Accordingly, in author’sopinion, diminished responsibility includes all circumstances (except mental illness) that mitigate one’s guilt at the time of committingcrime, in spite of its causing grounds.At the same time, the article gives a new definition of diminished responsibility that differs from legislative definition.
International terrorism - main threat to the world community in the XXI century
Authors: CHITADZE Nika
Published: October 2023

The paper explores the main aspects of terrorism, particularly: Definition of terrorism, the history of terrorism, maintypes of terrorism and the basic methods used by the Terrorist Organizations.
General overview of the transactions under the Georgian civil law
Authors: CHECHELASHVILI Zurab
Published: October 2023

This article examines in short the transactions (legal acts) under the Georgian law. According to the Civil Code of Georgia, the subjects of private law satisfy their property, personal or other kinds of interests by means of actions (inactions). If such actions (inactions) which consist RIGHFODUDWLRQVRILQWHQWLRQRIDSHUVRQUHVXOWLQWKHOHJDOHIIHFW±LHDULVLQJPRGL¿FDWLRQRUWHUPLQDWLRQRIDOHJDOUHODWLRQVKLSWKH\DUHFRQ- sidered as transactions.
Clash of Shari’ā with National Law
Authors: GHAURI Naheed
Published: October 2023

This paper undertakes a praxiological study (practice based approach) of Muslim “religious tribunals”, Shari’ā Councils and Muslim Arbitration Tribunals (MATs) not part of the UK law. Some Western scholars maintain that traditional shari’ā law is discriminatory on issues of gender equality, in particular, with reference to Muslim family law. It is important to examine the shift from the “true narratives” of the Qur’ānic Model (QM) to the “living practice”; co-construction of “true narratives” with the QM.This paper argues that discrimination can be eliminated through the QM by adopting the interpretive/hermeneutical approach. Praxiological/practice based approach (PBA) in this study has identified that discrimination does exist in the “living practice” of traditional shari’ā law.This study treats the Qur’ān-Sunnā as complementary sources to each other because this has important implications with reference to “wife beating” verse in the Qur’ān (Q.4:34). PBA enabled to identify the specifics of discrimination that occur. Thesecular-religious debate has been politically influenced, for example, inequality issue for women seeking advice from RTs. BaronessCox has introduced the Arbitration and Mediation (Equality) Services Bill (HL) 2014-15 that went through its first reading on 11 June 2014. The Bill addresses gender discrimination within Muslim religious tribunals and the parallel legal system.
Challenges in Keeping the Balance between the Member-State Competencies and Rules of the EU Single Market
Authors: BERUASHVILI Natalia
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper is to examine restrictions and different types of discriminations in order to determine the ways national rules hindering interstate trade and movement, are in conflict with Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) provisions. Particular attention would be paid on intersection of the EU and Member States competencies as well astheir division by the means of negative integration inevitably affecting regulatory powers of the Member States. Furthermore, we will study how Court using derogations to the free movement, endeavours to maintain the balance between exercising state competencies, mostly deriving from the State sovereignty and implementation of the EU Legislation necessary for effective functioning of the single market.
Geopolitics of Oil and Gas in South Caucasia
Authors: DEMIROGLU Levent
Published: October 2023

The South Caucasus states are known to serve as a transit or energy “bridge” that delivers Caspian hydrocarbons to Europe, making the region of vital imperativeness and a point of attraction to all western powers. The issue of geopolitical configuration of forces in the Caucasus region is greatly connected with the trend of foreign powers influencing its processes, events happening within its borders and out of their lines, and with the establishment of new exporting pipelines by-passing Russiain order to minimize its place and role in the region. The paper sets out to analytically x-ray the influence, impact and position geopolitics assumes in matters of oil and gas in the south Caucasia. The paper implores the use of content analysis and review of relevant literatures in sum to attempt a comparative analysis of the subject under stud, imploring variables such as the; geostrategic, geo-economic interest of the distinctive leading geopolitical players and examining the attitude of these players in the South Caucasia region in terms of oil and gas.
Integrating Environmental Attributes into Marketing Strategies of Wine Producers
Authors: KBILASHVILI David
Published: October 2023

Due to the fast technological advancement, pressures regarding environmental sustainability and social responsibility have become inseparable part of every industry. Wine industry, which is based on the agricultural products has a direct impact on the environment and consequently is involved in the general trend and increased concern of the environmental sustainability. Together with the high quality, contemporary and future consumers will expect the wine-growing and producing practices to be environmentally sustainable. This trend has the direct influence on the obvious shift of wine producers from corks to alternative twists as the top closures of the bottle. Occurring without actual tree removal, cork harvesting retains wildlife habitat in a uniquely biologically diverse landscape. Consequently important notion exists that fate of many species is tied to that of cork industry. This trend creates interesting relationship among cost reduction, environmental ustainability and customer perception and segmentation. More specifically, while alternative twist tops, other than corks, increase the ease of consuming the product, it decreases the customers’ perception of oldness, which represents an important aspect of the wine consumers purchasing behaviour. This indicates the necessity of careful analyses of the different segments of the market regarding the preferences of ease of usage or age of wines keeping in mind the environmental sustainability. Consequentlythe main focus will be made on presenting the findings, which will demonstrate the interesting correlation of above mentioned aspects of viti/viniculture, followed by the recommendations on proper integration of the environmental attributes in overall marketing strategies of wine producers, as the means of motivation for maintaining environmental sustainability.
Humanitarian Intervention and International Law
Authors: BURKADZE Khatuna
Published: October 2023

The article aims to study the grounds of humanitarian intervention, analyse the rationale behind the use of force for humanitarianpurposes in the context of international law while it lacks the clear-cut definition according to the UN Charter. In addition, thearticle examines the particular case of a humanitarian intervention that enables to comprehend the preconditions and criteriaof intervention. It also looks at the controversial issues between the fundamental principles of international law and humanitarianintervention. The article clarifies the trends attempting to depict the aforesaid fundamental principles and humanitarianintervention as compatible institutions triggering the debates over establishing the humanitarian intervention as a customarylaw norm.
Future Associates: An Overview of the EU-Georgia Association Agreement
Authors: ILIC Irena , MARKOZIA Salome
Published: October 2023

This paper provides an overview of some legal aspects of the EU-Georgia Association Agreement (AA) in the system of European Union law as an important foreign policy instrument for the regulation of bilateral relations. It outlines the history and mechanisms of the political and economic cooperation between the European Union and Georgia prior to the conclusion of the Association Agreement. The article also examines the implication of the AA for the process of European integration of Georgia and analyses some legal challenges and results of the implementation process. In addition, the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA), which forms an integral part to the AA, is scrutinized as particularly significant forthe economic integration of Georgia in the EU and for the mutual liberalization of trade.
Consequences of the Separability Presumption for the Choice of Law Applicable to Arbitration Agreements
Authors: Kuparadze Anano
Published: October 2023

The paper intends to show what consequences the separability presumption can have for the choice of law that applies to arbitration agreements, namely the consequences that involve the application of different choices of law and its accepted standards. When discussing the separability and its consequences it is hard to keep the line and at the same time not to shakethe assumption that already exist in International commercial arbitration. The purpose of this paper is to show the inconsistencies that exist nowadays.
The Economic Factors Affecting Emigration Process in Georgia
Authors: DILANCHIEV Azer
Published: October 2023

The problem of emigration become one of the vital problem not only in Georgia but in all developing countries. The aim of this paper is to analyses the economic factors that are affecting to this process in Georgia. The paper is based on the regression analysis between economic variables and the level of emigration between years of 2000 to 2014.Regression analysis modelshows 80, 7 percent significance level of economic indicators.For the economic reason the emigration disposition is still high in the population of Georgia. Despite the fact that the intensity of stationary emigration in recent years fall, the level of illegal emigration is still high. The possible further emigration process would worsen the demographic situation in Georgia.
The Need to Adapt the EU Security Strategy to the New Realities
Authors: BERUASHVILI Natalia
Published: October 2023

Current European Security Strategy was adopted in December 2003. It was drafted within the understanding of geopolitical situation and security threats existed especially after 9/11 events. During the period of more than thirteen years, numerous geopolitical changes took place due to the situation in Syria, Iraq, conflict in Ukraine, recent events in Europe including, migration of Syrian refugees, terrorist attacks in Belgium, France and Turkey. The changes in the international context should have significant consequences for the EU strategic security approach. In this paper, I will review main aspects of the EU Security Strategy, key challenges and the need for its revision, discuss EU Security Strategy and its relationship with Georgia as an example of collaboration with partnercountries.
Glimpse of Security Architecture of Post-Soviet Space: The Soviet Legacy
Authors: TSKHOVREBADZE Tamta
Published: October 2023

Although nearly two decades have passed since the USSR crumbled, its legacy is still helping to shape security within, and relations between, former member states, as well as their relations with other states in the world.Already back in the 90’s of the past century, it seemed like peace and security should have been within the interests of not just this region, but of the whole world, notably due to region’s geographic location and geo-strategic potential and its increasing importance as the main link of transport and communication projects.Apart from the geopolitical significance, the stability of Post-Soviet Space is imperiled by numerous domestic and transnational security challenges, such as: unresolved conflicts, socio-economic hardships, organized crime, trafficking and migration. The scale and scope of these transnational problems require a coordinated action. Since the region isintensely divided by conflicts and the competing interests of regional powers, the region would benefit from a greater cross-border collaboration. However, regional cooperation is not as well developed as it could be, hampering economic development, security andfurther destabilizing the area.This became even more important after the tragic events of 9/11, which made it apparent, that there exist no conflicts or crises of more and less important and these problems could have been resolved only through joint cooperation at the international and regional levels.
Cultural Policies of Creative Clusters: A Short Review
Authors: GURESHIDZE Nutsa
Published: October 2023

The concept of creative clusters generates an active public discussion in today’s world. It takes place into two levels - academic and practical. Thus, this paper is a short review of the cultural policies of creative clusters. It is oriented to show the role of clusters in overall economic development and to provide some policy implications. The key issues include whether creative clusters are efficient to foster creativity and innovation in cultural industriesor not, in addition to the need of public policy intervention. Furthermore, it considers the scope and scale of creative clusters with providing various reasons for assessing their efficiency in different aspects.
E-COMMERCE BERBASIS ANDROID SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMASARAN
Authors: Yono Suyono , Yunaeti Anggraeni Elisabet , Wati Rina
Published: October 2023

Di era modern ini, perkembangan bisnis furniture berkembang pesat dengan perkembangan teknologi internet yang membuat persaingan bisnis semakin ketat. Alat pendukung yang dibutuhkan dalam bisnis ini adalah e-commerce. Dimana e-commerce yaitu perdagangan yang melibatkan produsen, konsumen, penyedia jasa dan perantara dengan menggunakan teknologi internet. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan memanfaatkan internet untuk meningkatkan penjualan dan meningkatkan pangsa pasar dengan mengimplementasikan toko online berbasis aplikasi android di toko Muji Mebel. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua metode yaitu pengumpulan data dan metode pengembangan sistem. Saat tahap pengumpulan data, penulis langsung mendatangi lokasi objek penelitian dan mengumpulkan informasi tentang Muji Mebel Pagelaran, kemudian melihat bagaimana informasi tersebut dipublikasikan. Sedangkan pada tahap pengembangan sistem, penulis menggunakan model waterfall, dimana metode waterfall memiliki 5 tahap yaitu pasca analisis, perancangan sistem, implementasi, pengujian sistem dan pemeliharaan. Penulis berkesimpulan bahwa dengan teknologi yang terus berkembang dan persaingan yang ketat di dunia bisnis, Muji Mebel mengambil langkah untuk membuat aplikasi e-commerce untuk memudahkan penjualan dan pemasaran.
Psychologiczny profil zbrodniarzy wojennych
Authors: Orfin Mikołaj
Published: October 2023

Wojny to koszmary społeczeństw. Odpowiedzialnymi za nie są zawsze ludzie. W artykule przybliżono sylwetki zbrodniarzy wojennych, jak Adolf Hitler, Józef Stalin czy Władimir Putin, i wskazano czynniki, które miały wpływ na ukształtowanie się ich osobowości. Stworzono także przybliżony psychologiczny profil zbrodniarzy wojennych na podstawie sylwetek trzech dyktatorów odpowiedzialnych za śmierć dziesiątek milionów ludzi, Adolfa Hitlera, Józefa Stalina oraz Władimira Putina, który odpowiada za wojnę za wschodnią granicą polski, wojnę na Ukrainie. Artykuł pokazuje, że podstawą zaburzenia ich osobowości było dzieciństwo oraz późniejsze lata życia.