bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rapid evaluation of bioactive Ti-based surfaces using an in vitro titration method
Authors: Zhao Weitian , Michalik David , Ferguson Stephen , Hofstetter Willy , Lemaître Jacques , von Rechenberg Brigitte , Bowen Paul
Published: May 2019

The prediction of implant behavior in vivo by the use of easy-to-perform in vitro methods is of great interest in biomaterials research. Simulated body fluids (SBFs) have been proposed and widely used to evaluate the bone-bonding ability of implant materials. In view of its limitations, we report here a rapid in vitro method based on calcium titration for the evaluation of in vivo bioactivity. Using four different titanium surfaces, this method identifies that alkaline treatment is the key process to confer bioactivity to titanium whereas no significant effect from heat treatment is observed. The presence of bioactive titanium surfaces in the solution during calcium titration induces an earlier nucleation of crystalline calcium phosphates and changes the crystallization pathway. The conclusions from this method are also supported by the standard SBF test (ISO 23317), in vitro cell culture tests using osteoblasts and in vivo animal experiments employing a pelvic sheep model.
Publisher Correction: Charging dynamics of an individual nanopore
Authors: Tivony Ran , Safran Sam , Pincus Philip , Silbert Gilad , Klein Jacob
Published: May 2019

The original version of this Article contained an error throughout in which an incorrect symbol was used for the diffusion coefficient: it should be cambria math, italicized, and not bold. These have been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Clonal evolution patterns in acute myeloid leukemia with NPM1 mutation
Authors: Cocciardi Sibylle , Dolnik Anna , Kapp-Schwoerer Silke , Rücker Frank G. , Lux Susanne , Blätte Tamara J. , Skambraks Sabrina , Krönke Jan , Heidel Florian H. , Schnöder Tina M. , Corbacioglu Andrea , Gaidzik Verena I. , Paschka Peter , Teleanu Veronica , Göhring Gudrun , Thol Felicitas , Heuser Michael , Ganser Arnold , Weber Daniela , Sträng Eric , Kestler Hans A. , Döhner Hartmut , Bullinger Lars , Döhner Konstanze
Published: May 2019

Mutations in thenucleophosmin 1(NPM1) gene are considered founder mutations in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To characterize the genetic composition ofNPM1mutated (NPM1mut) AML, we assess mutation status of five recurrently mutated oncogenes in 129 pairedNPM1mutsamples obtained at diagnosis and relapse. We find a substantial shift in the genetic pattern from diagnosis to relapse includingNPM1mutloss (n = 11). To better understand theseNPM1mutloss cases, we perform whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-Seq. At the time of relapse,NPM1mutloss patients (pts) feature distinct mutational patterns that share almost no somatic mutation with the corresponding diagnosis sample and impact different signaling pathways. In contrast, profiles of pts with persistentNPM1mutare reflected by a high overlap of mutations between diagnosis and relapse. Our findings confirm that relapse often originates from persistent leukemic clones, thoughNPM1mutloss cases suggest a second “de novo” or treatment-associated AML (tAML) as alternative cause of relapse.
Signatures of echolocation and dietary ecology in the adaptive evolution of skull shape in bats
Authors: Arbour Jessica H. , Curtis Abigail A. , Santana Sharlene E.
Published: May 2019

Morphological diversity may arise rapidly as a result of adaptation to novel ecological opportunities, but early bursts of trait evolution are rarely observed. Rather, models of discrete shifts between adaptive zones may better explain macroevolutionary dynamics across radiations. To investigate which of these processes underlie exceptional levels of morphological diversity during ecological diversification, we use modern phylogenetic tools and 3D geometric morphometric datasets to examine adaptive zone shifts in bat skull shape. Here we report that, while disparity was established early, bat skull evolution is best described by multiple adaptive zone shifts. Shifts are partially decoupled between the cranium and mandible, with cranial evolution more strongly driven by echolocation than diet. Phyllostomidae, a trophic adaptive radiation, exhibits more adaptive zone shifts than all other families combined. This pattern was potentially driven by ecological opportunity and facilitated by a shift to intermediate cranial shapes compared to oral-emitters and other nasal emitters.
Author Correction: Lattice strain-enhanced exsolution of nanoparticles in thin films
Authors: Han Hyeon , Park Jucheol , Nam Sang Yeol , Kim Kun Joong , Choi Gyeong Man , Parkin Stuart S. P. , Jang Hyun Myung , Irvine John T. S.
Published: May 2019

The original version of this Article contained an error in the Data Availability section, which incorrectly read ‘The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.’ The correct version replaces this sentence with ‘The research data underpinning this publication can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.17630/21d12144-58ef-4f82-acd0-ba3c9a44ed72’. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
DNA methylation repels targeting of Arabidopsis REF6
Authors: Qiu Qi , Mei Hailiang , Deng Xian , He Kaixuan , Wu Baixing , Yao Qingqing , Zhang Jixiang , Lu Falong , Ma Jinbiao , Cao Xiaofeng
Published: May 2019

RELATIVE OF EARLY FLOWERING 6 (REF6/JMJ12), a Jumonji C (JmjC)-domain-containing H3K27me3 histone demethylase, finds its target loci in Arabidopsis genome by directly recognizing the CTCTGYTY motif via its zinc-finger (ZnF) domains. REF6 tends to bind motifs located in active chromatin states that are depleted for heterochromatic modifications. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we show that REF6 preferentially bind to hypo-methylated CTCTGYTY motifs in vivo, and that CHG methylation decreases REF6 DNA binding affinity in vitro. In addition, crystal structures of ZnF-clusters in complex with DNA oligonucleotides reveal that 5-methylcytosine is unfavorable for REF6 binding. In drm1 drm2 cmt2 cmt3 (ddcc) quadruple mutants, in which non-CG methylation is significantly reduced, REF6 can ectopically bind a small number of new target loci, most of which are located in or neighbored with short TEs in euchromatic regions. Collectively, our findings reveal that DNA methylation, likely acting in combination with other epigenetic modifications, may partially explain why REF6 binding is depleted in heterochromatic loci.
Using symmetry to elucidate the importance of stoichiometry in colloidal crystal assembly
Authors: Mahynski Nathan A. , Pretti Evan , Shen Vincent K. , Mittal Jeetain
Published: May 2019

We demonstrate a method based on symmetry to predict the structure of self-assembling, multicomponent colloidal mixtures. This method allows us to feasibly enumerate candidate structures from all symmetry groups and is many orders of magnitude more computationally efficient than combinatorial enumeration of these candidates. In turn, this permits us to compute ground-state phase diagrams for multicomponent systems. While tuning the interparticle potentials to produce potentially complex interactions represents the conventional route to designing exotic lattices, we use this scheme to demonstrate that simple potentials can also give rise to such structures which are thermodynamically stable at moderate to low temperatures. Furthermore, for a model two-dimensional colloidal system, we illustrate that lattices forming a complete set of 2-, 3-, 4-, and 6-fold rotational symmetries can be rationally designed from certain systems by tuning the mixture composition alone, demonstrating that stoichiometric control can be a tool as powerful as directly tuning the interparticle potentials themselves.
Molecular-scale visualization and surface charge density measurement of Z-DNA in aqueous solution
Authors: Kominami Hiroaki , Kobayashi Kei , Yamada Hirofumi
Published: May 2019

The DNA in the left-handed conformation (Z-conformation) was first discovered by A. Rich, who revealed the crystalline structure of a DNA oligomer d(GC)3 by X-ray diffraction method. Later it was also found that DNA molecules change their conformations from typical right-handed form (B-DNA) to the left-handed form (Z-DNA) under specific conditions (B–Z transition). Furthermore, the detailed structures of the interface between B- and Z-DNAs, B-Z junction, was also determined with an atomic resolution. Recently it was found that some proteins have the Z-DNA binding domains, but the biological functions of Z-DNA are not well understood yet. Therefore the investigation of Z-DNA under physiological conditions is highly essential. In this study, we demonstrated the high-resolution real-space imaging of DNA molecules having the Z- and B-form conformations by frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM), that has made a great progress in recent years, in an aqueous solution. The major and minor grooves of both DNA conformations were clearly visualized. Furthermore, the surface charge density was measured by three-dimensional (3D) force mapping method. We found that Z-form region was less negatively charged than the B-form region.
LncRNA Rik-203 contributes to anesthesia neurotoxicity via microRNA-101a-3p and GSK-3β-mediated neural differentiation
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yan Jia , Liu Qidong , Xie Zhongcong , Jiang Hong
Published: May 2019

The mechanism of anesthesia neurotoxicity remains largely to be determined. The effects of long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) on neural differentiation and the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We thus identified LncRNA Rik-203 (C130071C03Rik) and studied its role on neural differentiation and its interactions with anesthetic sevoflurane, miRNA and GSK-3β. We found that levels of Rik-203 were higher in hippocampus than other tissues and increased during neural differentiation. Sevoflurane decreased the levels of Rik-203. Rik-203 knockdown reduced mRNA levels of Sox1 and Nestin, the markers of neural progenitor cells, and decreased the count of Sox1 positive cells. RNA-RNA pull-down showed that miR-101a-3p was highly bound to Rik-203. Finally, sevoflurane, knockdown of Rik-203, and miR-101a-3p overexpression all decreased GSK-3β levels. These data suggest that Rik-203 facilitates neural differentiation by inhibiting miR-101a-3p’s ability to reduce GSK-3β levels and that LncRNAs would serve as the mechanism of the anesthesia neurotoxicity.
An experimental study of network effects on coordination in asymmetric games
Authors: Broere Joris , Buskens Vincent , Stoof Henk , Sánchez Angel
Published: May 2019

Network structure has often proven to be important in understanding the decision behavior of individuals or agents in different interdependent situations. Computational studies predict that network structure has a crucial influence on behavior in iterated 2 by 2 asymmetric ‘battle of the sexes’ games. We test such behavioral predictions in an experiment with 240 human subjects. We found that as expected the less ‘random’ the network structure, the better the experimental results are predictable by the computational models. In particular, there is an effect of network clustering on the heterogeneity of convergence behavior in the network. We also found that degree centrality and having an even degree are important predictors of the decision behavior of the subjects in the experiment. We thus find empirical validation of predictions made by computational models in a computerized experiment with human subjects.
Ultrastructural mapping of salivary gland innervation in the tick Ixodes ricinus
Authors: Vancová Marie , Bílý Tomáš , Nebesářová Jana , Grubhoffer Libor , Bonnet Sarah , Park Yoonseong , Šimo Ladislav
Published: May 2019

The salivary gland of hard ticks is a highly innervated tissue where multiple intertwined axonal projections enter each individual acini. In the present study, we investigated the ultrastructural architecture of axonal projections within granular salivary gland type II and III acini of Ixodes ricinus female. Using immunogold labeling, we specifically examined the associations of SIFamide neuropeptide, SIFamide receptor (SIFa_R), neuropeptide pigment dispersing factor (PDF), and the invertebrate-specific D1-like dopamine receptor (InvD1L), with acinar cells. In both acini types, SIFamide-positive axons were found to be in direct contact with either basal epithelial cells or a single adlumenal myoepithelial cell in close proximity to the either the acinar duct or its valve, respectively. Accordingly, SIFa_R staining correlated with SIFamide-positive axons in both basal epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Immunoreactivity for both InvD1L and PDF (type II acini exclusively) revealed positive axons radiating along the acinar lumen. These axons were primarily enclosed by the adlumenal myoepithelial cell plasma membrane and interstitial projections of ablumenal epithelial cells. Our study has revealed the detailed ultrastructure of I. ricinus salivary glands, and provides a solid baseline for a comprehensive understanding of the cell-axon interactions and their functions in this essential tick organ.
Photoelectrochemical study of carbon-modified p-type Cu2O nanoneedles and n-type TiO2−x nanorods for Z-scheme solar water splitting in a tandem cell configuration
Authors: Kaneza Nelly , Shinde Pravin S. , Ma Yanxiao , Pan Shanlin
Published: May 2019

Nanostructured photoelectrodes with high surface-area and tunable optical-electrical properties can potentially benefit a Z-scheme photoelectrochemical water splitting systems to generate solar fuels at no external bias.
Exploring and suppressing the kink effect of black phosphorus field-effect transistors operating in the saturation regime
Authors: Xia Ying , Li Guoli , Jiang Bei , Yang Zhenyu , Liu Xingqiang , Xiao Xiangheng , Flandre Denis , Wang Chunlan , Liu Yuan , Liao Lei
Published: May 2019

We study the ‘up-kick’ current characteristics observed in black phosphorus (BP) field-effect transistors while the BP thickness increased above 10 nm, and effectively suppress the kink effect via the N2 plasma treatment.
Synthesis of amino acid derivatives of 5-alkoxy-3,4-dihalo-2(5H)-furanones and their preliminary bioactivity investigation as linkers
Authors: Luo Shi-He , Yang Kai , Lin Jian-Yun , Gao Juan-Juan , Wu Xin-Yan , Wang Zhao-Yang
Published: May 2019

MTT tests of 2(5H)-furanone derivatives obtained via metal-free C–N coupling show that amino acids as linkers have no toxic effect.
Exfoliated fluorinated carbons with a low and stable friction coefficient
Authors: Herraiz Michael , Dubois Marc , Batisse Nicolas , Petit Elodie , Thomas Philippe
Published: May 2019

Exfoliation appears as a promising way to decrease the friction coefficient of carbon materials.
[Cu(POP)(N^S)][PF6] and [Cu(xantphos)(N^S)][PF6] compounds with 2-(thiophen-2-yl)pyridines
Authors: Nohara Isaak , Prescimone Alessandro , Häussinger Daniel , Housecroft Catherine E. , Constable Edwin C.
Published: May 2019

[Cu(P^P)(N^S)][PF6] with N^S = 2-(thiophen-2-yl)pyridines show close cation⋯anion association in the solid-state; complex cation association with Cl−occurs in solution. The compounds are blue-emitters in solution with a red-shift of the emission on going to the solid.
Metal vs. ligand protonation and the alleged proton-shuttling role of the azadithiolate ligand in catalytic H2 formation with FeFe hydrogenase model complexes
Authors: Aster Alexander , Wang Shihuai , Mirmohades Mohammad , Esmieu Charlène , Berggren Gustav , Hammarström Leif , Lomoth Reiner
Published: May 2019

Real-time spectroscopic observation of electron transfer-induced protonation reactivity elucidates the role of the second sphere basic site in a H2 evolution catalyst.
Interaction and structuration of membrane-binding and membrane-excluding colloidal particles in lamellar phases
Authors: Zakine Ruben , de Silva Edirimuni Dasith , Constantin Doru , Galatola Paolo , Fournier Jean-Baptiste
Published: May 2019

Within the framework of a discrete Gaussian model, we present analytical results, Monte Carlo simulations, and comparison with experimental data for the interaction between colloidal particles embedded in a lamellar phase.
Physics-based prediction of biopolymer degradation
Authors: Abi-Akl Rami , Ledieu Elise , Enke Tim N. , Cordero Otto X. , Cohen Tal
Published: May 2019

A continuum model elucidates the complex degradation kinetics of insoluble biomatter by bacterial communities.
Influence of the gas atmosphere during the synthesis of g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic H2 production from water on Au/g-C3N4 composites
Authors: Jiménez-Calvo Pablo , Marchal Clément , Cottineau Thomas , Caps Valérie , Keller Valérie
Published: May 2019

The atmosphere plays a key role in the polycondensation synthesis and the g-C3N4 structure.
Enabling immobilization and conversion of polysulfides through a nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes/ultrathin MoS2 nanosheet core–shell architecture for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Yang Wu , Yang Wang , Dong Liubing , Gao Xiaochun , Wang Guoxiu , Shao Guangjie
Published: May 2019

A nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes/ultrathin MoS2 nanosheet core–shell architecture can chemically immobilize lithium polysulfides and catalyze the conversion of polysulfides.
One-pot synthesized molybdenum dioxide–molybdenum carbide heterostructures coupled with 3D holey carbon nanosheets for highly efficient and ultrastable cycling lithium-ion storage
Authors: Hou Chuanxin , Wang Jun , Du Wei , Wang Jianchuan , Du Yong , Liu Chuntai , Zhang Jiaoxia , Hou Hua , Dang Feng , Zhao Lanling , Guo Zhanhu
Published: May 2019

The function of the interfacial effect caused by MoO2/Mo2C heterostructures was proved by DFT and DOS calculations, promoting ultrastable cycling performance.
Correction: Synergy effects of copper and silicon ions on stimulation of vascularization by copper-doped calcium silicate
Authors: Kong Ni , Lin Kaili , Li Haiyan , Chang Jiang
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Synergy effects of copper and silicon ions on stimulation of vascularization by copper-doped calcium silicate’ by Haiyan Li, Jiang Chang et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2014, 2, 1100–1110.
Stabilisation of coupled delayed regime‐switching diffusion with continuous‐state‐dependent switching via intermittent control
Authors: Xu Yao , Chu Chenyin , Li Wenxue
Published: May 2019

Motivated by Markovian regime‐switching diffusion (MRSD), time‐varying delays and non‐linear coupling forms, this study is concerned with stabilisation of coupled regime‐switching diffusion with time‐varying delays (CRSDTD) under periodically intermittent control. Compared with most papers investigating MRSD, a striking feature of regime‐switching diffusion is that in the two‐component process , switching process depends on the diffusion , which can be regarded as the x ‐dependent process briefly. It is worth mentioning that time‐varying delays and non‐linear coupling forms are taken into consideration when modelling, which makes their work more realistic. Moreover, a periodically intermittent controller is adopted to guarantee that CRSDTD can achieve the p th moment exponential stability and some sufficient conditions are derived by using the Lyapunov method and Kirchhoff's matrix tree theorem. Furthermore, to illustrate the applicability of their theoretical results, an application to regime‐switching coupled oscillators with time‐varying delays (RSCOTD) is presented and a stability criterion is given. Conclusively, numerical simulations on RSCOTD are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Measurement uncertainty of RC and its reduction techniques for OTA tests: a review
Authors: Chen Xiaoming
Published: May 2019

The emerging machine‐to‐machine (M2M) communications and Internet‐of‐things techniques bring new challenges in over‐the‐air (OTA) tests. The inexpensive M2M device usually aims at low‐cost and low‐power consumption rather than high data rate and, therefore, is usually equipped with a single antenna. Testing such M2M device in massive production requires efficient and cost‐effective OTA techniques. The reverberation chamber (RC) is a suitable solution for such tests of M2M (especially large‐form‐factor) devices. Since RC measurements are in essence stochastic measurements (with repeatable results), uncertainty analyses are of primary importance. This study gives an overview of the start‐of‐the‐art research on measurement uncertainty for both conventional and M2M OTA applications. In addition, new results about mode stirrers and diffusers (for uncertainty reduction) are provided.
Closed‐form positioning in MIMO radars with antenna location uncertainties
Authors: Amiri Rouhollah , Behnia Fereidoon , Zamani Hojatollah
Published: May 2019

In this study, the authors propose an algorithm to reduce the effect of antenna location uncertainty for locating moving targets in multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) radar systems. The proposed method is a closed‐form solution which employs the measurements of multiple independent targets to alleviate the antenna location uncertainties. The authors establish a pseudo‐linear set of equations by using the range and the range‐rate auxiliary parameters, which allows the problem to be solved using a two‐stage weighted least squares estimator. The proposed method is shown analytically and confirmed by simulations to attain the Cramer‐Rao lower bound under small error conditions. The aforementioned conditions can be satisfied whenever the error terms are small or the targets are located in the far‐field.
Le « Semestre Rebond » après la réorientation obligatoire en première année commune des études de santé (PACES) en France
Authors: Perret Cathy , Vienney Fabienne , Henry Muriel
Published: May 2019

Contexte et problématique :L’échec en premier cycle universitaire s’est constitué en question politique et scientifique, avec une situation encore plus marquée pour les études de santé. Pourtant, peu de recherches encore sont consacrées à ces situations et aux dispositifs d’aide proposés.Objectifs :Cette recherche vise à caractériser les profils des étudiants en situation d’échec, leurs stratégies de réorientation au nombre desquelles l’accès à un dispositif d’accompagnement proposé à l’université de Bourgogne, le semestre Rebond. Elle met en évidence les apports de ce dispositif perçus par les étudiants et ses effets sur les parcours de formation ultérieurs.Méthodes :L’étude mobilise les données d’une enquête réalisée auprès des étudiants et les données administratives de l’établissement, auxquelles sont appliqués des traitements statistiques et des modélisations économétriques (régressions logistiques) permettant de dégager les facteurs explicatifs en appréciant de manière simultanée le poids respectif de chacun de ces facteurs, toutes choses égales par ailleurs.Résultats :Les résultats montrent la variété des choix des étudiants à l’issue de l’échec, choisissant ou non d’intégrer le dispositif de soutien proposé, ces choix étant marqués par le poids de l’environnement social et le passé scolaire des étudiants.Conclusion :Si des effets positifs du dispositif sont identifiés, ce sont pourtant les étudiants ayant le parcours scolaire le plus favorable qui, bien qu’utilisant moins fréquemment le dispositif d’aide, sont plus fréquemment encore inscrits à l’université deux ans après leur échec, relativement aux étudiants s’étant engagés dans le dispositif d’aide.
Glaukomdrainageimplantate – Evaluation chirurgischer Modifikationen zur Vermeidung postoperativer Komplikationen
Authors: Klewin Dorothea A. , Dietlein Thomas S. , Haverkamp Heinz
Published: May 2019

Hintergrund Zu den zahlreichen Therapiemöglichkeiten in der Behandlung des Glaukoms gehören seit mehreren Jahren auch die Glaukomdrainageimplantate (GDI). Ziel dieser Studie ist der Vergleich verschiedener Operationstechniken bez. des früh postoperativen Outcomes.

Material und Methoden 269 Augen von 250 Patienten, die zwischen Februar 2010 und September 2016 im Zentrum für Augenheilkunde der Uniklinik Köln ein GDI erhalten hatten, wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Folgende Parameter wurden erfasst: Basisdaten der Patienten (Alter, Geschlecht, Augeninnendruck, Visus, augendrucksenkende Medikation, Diagnose, operiertes Auge (rechts oder links), Anzahl der Voroperationen (inkl. Lasereingriffe), Dauer des stationären Aufenthaltes sowie alle Komplikationen und glaukom- bzw. komplikationsbezogenen Folgeoperationen.

Ergebnisse Die mittlere individuelle Drucksenkung betrug 39, 42 bzw. 46% nach jeweils 6, 12 bzw. 24 Monaten bei einer gleichzeitigen Verringerung des Medikationsscores um 38, 42 bzw. 50%. Die Erfolgsraten nach 1 bis 5 Jahren lagen bei 75, 60, 57, 50 bzw. 37%, wobei das mediane Implantatüberleben 48 Monate betrug. Frühkomplikationen traten bei 86 (32%), Spätkomplikationen bei 156 Augen (56%) auf. 52% der Augen (n = 139) mussten reoperiert werden. Die Technik der Tunnelpräparation hatte statistisch signifikanten Einfluss auf die früh postoperative Hypotonie (p < 0,001). Fibrinkleber hatte keinen Einfluss auf Hypotonien. Bei der punktionspflichtigen früh postoperativen Hypertension waren in der univariaten Analyse der Implantattyp (p = 0,009), die Technik der Tunnelpräparation mit Lanze oder 22-G-Kanüle (p = 0,004), die Okklusionsmethode (p = 0,001) und die Verwendung von Viskoelastika (p = 0,001) statistisch signifikante Einflussfaktoren. Wurden GDI als
Zweitimplantat eingesetzt, traten signifikant häufiger Bindehautarrosionen auf (p = 0,040).

Schlussfolgerung Die Verwendung einer 22-G-Kanüle zur Tunnelpräparation reduziert im Gegensatz zum Fibrinkleber das Hypotonierisiko. Dieses wird durch Venting Slits nicht erhöht. Bei Einsatz eines Zweitimplantats sollte an das erhöhte Risiko für Bindehautarrosionen gedacht werden.
Primäre Rekonstruktion der ableitenden Tränenwege nach Trauma – bikanalikulonasale Schienung mit autostabilen Silikonverweilsonden
Authors: Heichel Jens , Struck Hans-Gert , Viestenz Arne
Published: May 2019

Verletzungen des medialen Lidwinkels können alle Abschnitte der ableitenden Tränenwege (TNW) involvieren. Je nach Alter der Patienten finden sich typische Verletzungsmuster. Die chirurgische Tränenwegsrekonstruktion durch 2 autostabile („selbsthaltende“) monokanalikulonasale Silikonverweilsonden soll anhand von 2 Fallberichten beschrieben werden. Ein 6 Jahre altes Mädchen zeigte infolge eines Hundebisses (Rottweiler) neben schwerwiegenden Kopfverletzungen eine tiefe periokuläre Weichteilwunde mit Tränenwegsbeteiligung. Der Canaliculus lacrimalis inferior war durchtrennt und der Canaliculus lacrimalis communis war vom Tränensack abgerissen. Schwerste Weichteilverletzungen ausgehend vom Unterlid erstreckten sich bis zur Wange und Nase. Mittels nahtfixierten monokanalikulonasalen Silikonverweilsonden und Kanalikulusnähten sowie einer schichtweisen Weichteilrekonstruktion wurden die TNW und das Lid rekonstruiert. 18 Monate postoperativ zeigt sich eine diskrete Depression der medialen Unterlidkante bei sonst guter Funktion. Der 2. Fall berichtet von einem 43 Jahre alten Fleischereifachangestellten, der sich mit einem Messer eine tiefe Wunde des medialen Lidwinkels zuzog. Bei dem erwachsenen Patienten waren beide Tränenröhrchen weit proximal (sakkusnah) sowie das mediale Lidbändchen und der M. orbicularis oculi durchtrennt. Nach Einbringen zweier monokanalikulonasaler Silikonverweilsonden wurde eine mikrochirurgische Rekonstruktion vorgenommen. Das Follow-up bei diesem Patienten beträgt 6 Monate. Klinisch und funktionell bestand abschließend bei beiden Patienten kein Anhalt für eine Tränenabflussstörung. Zeitgleich können mehrere Abschnitte der TNW verletzt sein. Das Erkennen und das korrekte Zuordnen des Verletzungsmusters in Hinblick auf Schädigungsart, -grad und die anatomische Lokalisation sind grundlegend für eine adäquate Rekonstruktion der TNW. Ein schichtweiser Wundverschluss von innen nach außen unter Berücksichtigung der topografischen Anatomie ist obligat. Die Wiederherstellung der funktionellen Einheit von Lidern und TNW ist hierbei anzustreben. Autostabile monokanalikulonasale Silikonverweilsonden können nach Trauma zur Schienung beider Tränenröhrchen sowohl bei Kindern als auch Erwachsenen zur Anwendung kommen.
Erprobung und Akzeptanz eines psychosozialen Screenings in der primärärztlichen und orthopädischen Versorgung zur Steuerung des Rehabilitationszugangs bei muskuloskelettalen Erkrankungen
Authors: Schmidt Stefanie , Samos Franziska-Antonia Zora , Klement Andreas , Krüger Julia-Marie , Mau Wilfried
Published: May 2019

Hintergrund Für muskuloskelettale Erkrankungen konnte in zahlreichen Studien eine hohe psychische Komorbidität festgestellt werden. Aufgrund der für die PatientInnen oftmals im Vordergrund stehenden somatischen Beschwerden werden psychische Belastungen im Behandlungsprozess und bei der Reha-Antragstellung vielfach nicht erkannt bzw. in Befundberichten nicht benannt. Dementsprechend fehlen behandelnden ÄrztInnen häufig Informationen und dem Leistungsträger bei der Reha-Antragsbewertung und nachfolgenden Klinikauswahl angemessene Entscheidungsgrundlagen. Daraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit der Erprobung eines differenzierten Screenings für psychische Problemlagen im Vorfeld der Rehabilitation.

Material und Methoden In der vorliegenden clusterrandomisierten Studie sollten niedergelassene ÄrztInnen aus hausärztlichen und orthopädischen Praxen aus Mitteldeutschland (Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt und Thüringen) ihre PatientInnen bei Antrag auf Rehabilitation bitten, den üblichen Antragsunterlagen zusätzlich einen ausgefüllten Ultra-Kurz-Screening-Fragebogen (UKS) für die PrüfärztInnen der Rentenversicherung beizulegen. Neben soziodemografischen und rehabilitationsbezogenen Parametern wurden gesundheitsbezogene Merkmale von insgesamt 119 PatientInnen erhoben. Zusätzlich wurden Analysen zur Reliabilität und Validität des UKS durchgeführt. Des Weiteren wurden die Zuweisungsentscheidungen der PrüfärztInnen dokumentiert. Außerdem wurde den teilnehmenden PraxisärztInnen (n=106) als auch allen PrüfärztInnen der Rentenversicherung (n=42) ein Fragebogen vorgelegt, um ihre Einschätzung zu psychosozialem Screening im Rahmen der Reha-Antragstellung und -entscheidung zu erfahren.

Ergebnisse Im UKS zeigten sich bei der Mehrheit der StudienteilnehmerInnen zum Zeitpunkt der Reha-Antragstellung Hinweise auf moderate psychosoziale Problemlagen (69%), bei guten psychometrischen Werten für Reliabilität und Validität im Vorfeld der Rehabilitation. Von der Mehrheit (78%) der Vertrags- und PrüfärztInnen wurde die routinemäßige Implementierung des UKS in die Reha-Antragstellung bei MSK befürwortet.

Diskussion Zusammenfassend erscheint es sinnvoll, psychosoziale Belastungen standardisiert im Rahmen der Reha-Antragstellung zu erfassen, damit behandelnden und antragsbearbeitenden ÄrztInnen diese zusätzliche Information zur bedarfsgerechten Auswahl und Zuweisung geeigneter Interventionen und Rehabilitationskonzepte vorliegt. Eine Integration des UKS in die Routineanwendung sollte unter Beachtung der in dieser Studie gewonnenen Erkenntnisse weiter evaluiert werden.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Physiotherapieverordnungen und der Arztdichte in Deutschland. Eine Sekundärdatenanalyse der Jahre 2006 bis 2016
Authors: Heinrich Philipp , Zenker Ronny , Kugler Joachim , Elsner Bernhard
Published: May 2019

Fragestellung Physiotherapie ist das am häufigsten verordnete Heilmittel Deutschlands. Zwischen den Bundesländern wird diese sehr unterschiedlich verordnet. Auch die Arztdichte variiert stark. In dieser Untersuchung betrachten wir daher den Zusammenhang zwischen Arztdichte und Physiotherapieverordnungen in den Bundesländern Deutschlands im Zeitraum 2006 bis 2016.

Methoden Datengrundlage sind Sekundärdaten der Bundesärztekammer und der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen. Die Analyse und Darstellung der erhobenen Daten erfolgt deskriptiv mithilfe von Grafiken und Tabellen. Zur Überprüfung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Arztdichte und Physiotherapieverordnungen werden die Korrelation nach Pearson und ein gemischtes lineares Modell verwendet.

Ergebnisse Bei alleiniger Betrachtung von Arztdichte und Gesamtmenge an Physiotherapieverordnungen besteht kein Zusammenhang (Korrelationskoeffizient r=−0,004; p=0,988). Dies bestätigt sich auch unter Berücksichtigung weiterer Einflüsse im gemischten linearen Modell (R2=0,95; p=0,248). Weiterhin unterscheiden sich die durchschnittlichen Verordnungsmengen pro Arzt und Jahr zwischen den Ländern teilweise erheblich (1033–3054). Arztdichte und Physiotherapieverordnungen nahmen im betrachteten Zeitraum über alle Bundesländer hinweg zu (Zunahmeraten: 0,6–16% bzw. 5– 56%).

Diskussion Außer der Arztdichte kommen andere Faktoren (regional unterschiedliche Gesundheitszustände der Bevölkerung; verschieden hohe Richtgrößenvolumina) als Einflussgrößen auf die Verordnungszahlen infrage. Während bei den Verordnungszahlen keine geografischen Muster auszumachen sind, stellt sich die Arztdichte in den Stadtstaaten als besonders hoch dar. Die Physiotherapieverordnungen pro Arzt liegen in den neuen Bundesländern über dem Bundesdurchschnitt, was, im Gegensatz zur Gesamtverordnungsmenge, an der geringen relativen Arztdichte liegen könnte.

Schlussfolgerung Es konnte kein Zusammenhang zwischen Arztdichte und Gesamtverordnungszahlen physiotherapeutischer Verordnungen identifiziert werden. Im Sinne einer bedarfsgerechten Versorgung mit Physiotherapieheilmitteln sollten existierende regionale Einflussfaktoren in zukünftigen Untersuchungen betrachtet werden.
Die extraluminale Valvuloplastie der V. saphena magna:
Technik und Langzeitergebnisse
Authors: Geier Bruno , Strohmann Barbara , Hummel Thomas , Freis Harald , Stücker Markus , Mumme Achim
Published: May 2019

Die extraluminale Valvuloplastie der V.-saphena-magna-Mündungsklappe ist eine
venenerhaltende operative Therapie, die bei ausgewählten Patienten mit einer
Stamminsuffizienz der V. saphena magna angewendet werden kann. Die Operation
kann schonend und komplikationsarm über einen kleinen Leistenschnitt
durchgeführt werden.

Aus einem Kollektiv von 73 Patienten, die auf diese Weise operiert worden waren,
konnten 43 nach im Schnitt 8,5 Jahren nachuntersucht werden. Im Langzeitverlauf
konnten gute Ergebnisse bezüglich Patientenzufriedenheit, Symptomerleichterung
und Rückbildung dilatierter Venen dokumentiert werden. Eine
behandlungsbedürftige Rezidivvarikosis trat in 10 (18,5 %) Fällen auf. Unserer
Erfahrung nach stellt die extraluminale Valvuloplastie bei ausgewählten
Patienten eine venenerhaltende Alternative zur klassischen Strippingoperation
dar.
Phlebologische Funktionsdiagnostik: Praktische
Anwendung
Authors: Kahl S. , Bruning G. , Woitalla-Bruning J.
Published: May 2019

Trotz der Dominanz der farbkodierten Duplexsonografie in der Diagnostik der
Phlebologie gibt es weiterhin Fragestellungen, bei denen klassische Verfahren
der phlebologischen Funktionsdiagnostik eine wichtige Rolle bei der
Therapieentscheidung spielen.

Während die farbkodierte Duplexsonografie detallierten Aufschluss über die
Kaliber und die Refluxsituation des Venensystems liefern kann, ist sie jedoch
nicht in der Lage, eine abschließende Aussage zur Hämodynamik zu treffen. Hierzu
dient die venöse Funktionsdiagnostik und als Referenzverfahren insbesondere die
invasive Phlebodynamometrie (PDM). Die PDM ist die einzige Methode zur direkten
Messung der ambulatorischen venösen Hypertonie und hat daher eine große
Bedeutung im Rahmen der funktionellen phlebologischen Diagnostik, insbesondere
beim postthrombotischen Syndrom (PTS). Sie kann am verlässlichsten darüber
Auskunft geben, ob es sich bei Vorliegen einer Varikosis mit kurzem Reflux im
Rahmen eines PTS um eine besserbare Varikosis handelt oder nicht.

Das Ziel dieses dreiteiligen Artikels besteht darin, die praktische Anwendung der
klassischen Verfahren zur phlebologischen Funktionsdiagnostik im klinischen
Rahmen zu demonstrieren und die Aussagekraft der entsprechend erhobenen Daten zu
erläutern. Die praktische Anwendung der digitalen Photoplethysmografie (D-PPG),
der PDM und der Venenverschlussplethysmografie (VVP) ist prinzipiell nicht
schwer. Für die Durchführung wird jedoch geschultes Personal benötigt, um
Anwendungs- und Messfehler zu vermeiden. In diesem zweiten Teil soll die
Phlebodynamometrie vorgestellt und erläutert werden.
The Effect of Ambient Temperature and Implantation Time on the Material Properties of Two Viscosity-Differing Cements Using American Society of Testing and Materials Methodology
Authors: Pytiak Andrew V. , Jove Nathaniel , He Shulin , Korduba-Rodriguez Laryssa A. , Esformes Marc , Markel David C.
Published: May 2019

Ambient temperature and time to implantation can affect the material properties of polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, and cement intrusion depth has been shown to affect implant fixation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ambient temperature and time to implantation on depth of intrusion, and the effect of ambient temperature on setting time. Two types of cements were evaluated: cement A (Simplex P,medium Q7 viscosity) and cement B (Palacos R, high viscosity). Dough, working and setting times were determined, as well as intrusion depth, at different temperatures per American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) protocol F451. A vacuum mixer was used in a temperature- and humidity-controlled environment at 60, 65, and 70°F. At each temperature, the cement was placed into an intrusion mold at 0, 50, and 100% of working time. Increasing ambient temperature resulted in a significant decrease in dough and working and setting times for both cements (p = 0.038 − < 0.001). At each working time point and temperature, cement A showed significantly more intrusion than cement B (p = 0.044 − < 0.001). There was no effect of temperature on intrusion depth regardless of working time to implantation for either cement with the exception of cement B when comparing 60 versus 70°F at 0% working time (p = 0.004). Both cements showed a significant decrease in intrusion as time to implantation increased (p < 0.001). In conclusion, there are large inherent differences in properties of commercially available cements, and these properties are affected by such variables as time to implantation and ambient temperatures. An understanding of these properties may aid the surgeon in optimizing surgical outcomes.
The Role of Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy in Lower-Limb Reconstruction
Authors: Sirisena Renita , Bellot Gregory Lucien , Puhaindran Mark Edward
Published: May 2019

Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has gained increasing popularity among clinicians since its introduction in 1997 as a potential aid to wound healing. Multiple benefits of NPWT have since been proven in studies, including increase in granulation tissue formation, decrease in bacterial load, and the improved survival of flaps. With our increasing use and greater understanding of the tissue and cellular changes that occur in a wound treated with NPWT, our lower-limb reconstructive practice has also evolved. Although controversial, the definite timing for lower-limb reconstruction has stretched from 72 hours to longer than 2 weeks as NPWT contains the wound within a sterile, closed system. It has also shown to decrease the rate of infection in open tibia fractures. Previously, a large number of critical defects of the lower limb would require free tissue transfer for definitive reconstruction. NPWT has reduced this rate by more than 50% and has allowed for less complicated resurfacing procedures to be performed instead.
Management of Chronic Achilles Tendon Injuries—Review of Current Protocols and Surgical Options
Authors: Periasamy Madhu , Venkatramani Hari , Shanmuganathan Raja Sabapathy
Published: May 2019

Chronic Achilles tendon injury is a challenging problem. A review of the different options available and their technical considerations is required. Reconstruction of the Achilles tendon depends on numerous factors such as the gap between the debrided tendon ends, the presence of a distal stump, and the and presence of scar tissue. Various protocols have been described for reconstruction. Methods of reconstruction vary from direct repair, bridging of the tendon gap with tendon grafts or tendon transfers. We review and enumerate the different protocols enumerated for the reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon lesions in the literature and look at the authors preferred methods of reconstruction
Boron nitride nanoscrolls: Structure, synthesis, and applications
Authors: Qayyum Muhammad Saqib , Hayat Hasan , Matharu Rupy K. , Tabish Tanveer A. , Edirisinghe Mohan
Published: May 2019

Boron nitride nanoscrolls (BNSs) are open-ended, one-dimensional nanostructures made by the process of rolling boron nitride nanosheets into a scroll-like morphology. BNSs offer a high surface area to volume ratio and possess many unique properties (similar to carbon nanotubes, carbon nanoscrolls, and boron nitride nanotubes) such as high resistance to oxidation, chemical stability, increased lubrication, high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation, the ability to cap molecules inside and at the ends, and a wide bandgap regardless of chirality. Despite these attractive features and properties well suited for applications in biotechnology, energy storage, and electronics, the true potential of boron nitride and BNS as the next “miracle material” is yet to be fully explored. In this critical review, we assess, for the first time, various studies published on the formation and structural and dynamic characteristics of BNS; potential routes for BNS synthesis; and the toxicology of BNS. Finally, the future perspectives of BNS are discussed in view of its unique and exceptional candidacy for many (real-world) applications.
Muscle damage responses to resistance exercise performed with high‐load versus low‐load associated with partial blood flow restriction in young women
Authors: Alvarez Ieda Fernanda , Damas Felipe , de Biazon Thaís Marina Pires , Miquelini Maiara , Doma Kenji , Libardi Cleiton Augusto
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study was to compare if an acute exercise session of high‐load resistance training (HL‐RT, e.g. 70% of 1 repetition‐maximum, 1 RM) induces a higher magnitude of muscle damage compared with a RT protocol with low‐loads (e.g. 20% 1 RM) associated with partial blood flow restriction (LL‐BFR), and investigate the recovery in the days after the protocols. We used an unilateral crossover research design in which 10 young women (22(2) y; 162(5) cm; 66(11) kg) performed HL‐RT and LL‐BFR in a randomized, counterbalanced manner with a minimum interval of 2 weeks between protocols. Indirect muscle damage markers were evaluated before and once a day for 4 days into recovery. Main results showed decreases of 8–12% at 24–48 h in maximal voluntary isometric and concentric contraction torques (P < 0.03), and changes in muscle architecture markers (P < 0.03) for HL‐RT and LL‐BFR, with no differences between protocols (P > 0.05). Moreover, delayed onset muscle soreness increased only after LL‐BFR (P < 0.001). We conclude that an acute bout of low volume HL‐RT or LL‐BFR to failure resulted in edema‐induced muscle swelling, but do not induce major or long‐lasting decrements in muscle function and the level of soreness promoted from LL‐BFR was mild.
Final report. Bilateral comparison of 50/60 Hz energy SIM.EM-S14
Authors: González J , Espinosa C , Halawa M
Published: May 2019

From April to June 2018, a bilateral comparison of energy standards at 50/60 Hz was conducted by SIM and AFRIMET.

The comparison includes measurements of active energy at two frequencies and power factors 1.0 and 0.5 lead/lag. Aiming to evaluate the stated uncertainty and degrees of equivalence between CENAMEP AIP-Panamá and NIS-Egypt.

This work presents the results of the SIM.EM-S14 supplementary comparison.

KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH

Active Energy, Power Factor, Normalized Error

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Dry-hot magnitude index: a joint indicator for compound event analysis
Authors: Wu Xinying , Hao Zengchao , Hao Fanghua , Singh Vijay P , Zhang Xuan
Published: May 2019

Weather and climate extremes, such as droughts and heat waves, have been commonly characterized by different properties, including frequency, duration, and magnitude. The magnitude is among the most important properties that determine the impact of extremes. Compound dry and hot events may cause detrimental impacts on water resources, energy security, crop production and food security, and have been receiving increasing attention in recent years. Although extensive studies have been conducted to investigate the magnitude of individual droughts or hot extremes, evaluation of the magnitude of compound dry and hot events has received limited attention. In this study, we develop a dry-hot magnitude index (DHMI) to characterize the magnitude of compound dry and hot events, using monthly precipitation and daily maximum temperature, which takes into account both dry and hot conditions. The DHMI is used to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of the magnitude of compound dry and hot events in China during summer (June, July, and August) for the period of 1961–2013. Results show that high magnitudes of compound dry and hot events mainly occur in northeastern and southwestern China, with higher magnitudes mostly observed in recent decades since the 1990s. The proposed magnitude index has potential to be a useful tool for analyzing compound dry and hot events and their impacts.
Extreme value statistics of ergodic Markov processes from first passage times in the large deviation limit
Authors: Hartich David , Godec Aljaž
Published: May 2019

Extreme value functionals of stochastic processes are inverse functionals of the first passage time—a connection that renders their probability distribution functions equivalent. Here, we deepen this link and establish a framework for analyzing extreme value statistics of ergodic reversible Markov processes in confining potentials on the hand of the underlying relaxation eigenspectra. We derive a chain of inequalities, which bounds the long-time asymptotics of first passage densities, and thereby extrema, from above and from below. The bounds involve a time integral of the transition probability density describing the relaxation towards equilibrium. We apply our general results to the analysis of extreme value statistics at long times in the case of Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and a 3D Brownian motion confined to a sphere, also known as Bessel process. We find that even on time-scales that are shorter than the equilibration time, the large deviation limit characterizing long-time asymptotics can approximate the statistics of extreme values remarkably well. Our findings provide a novel perspective on the study of extrema beyond the established limit theorems for sequences of independent random variables and for asymmetric diffusion processes beyond a constant drift.