bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of consumer preferences for customized product design
Authors: Wedowati Endang Retno , Singgih Moses Laksono , Gunarta I Ketut
Published: September 2018

Segmentation has been frequently used to study individual consumer behavior against its preference. Consumer preferences indicate consumer requirements for a product. This study aims to analyze consumer preferences based on gender segmentation (male and female) and age segmentation (adolescents, adults, and elderl y). Consumer preferences wer e studied based on three aspects, namely functionality, usability, and pleasure that are applied to food products. Respondents consisted of 225 consumers of ice cream products. Crosstab analysis was used to describe consumer preferences, while chi-square test was applied to analyse the difference of consumer preference based on predetermined segmentation. The result showed that there was no significant difference for male and female consumer preferences for three aspects. Furthermore, on the attributes of taste (functionality), shape (usability) and appearance (pleasure) there were significant differences. Based on the age segmentation there were differences in consumer preferences for aspects of functionality and pleasure. Howe ver, we also found that there was no significant difference in product attributes of those aspects, except for the colour attribute. Different consumer preferences obtained in different segments can be used as a reference to customer requirements for design ing customized products. Ultimately, the products can be tailored to consumer preferences in each segment.
Analysis of human behavioral attributes in improving disaster evacuation strategy of mount merapi
Authors: Maria Sri Asih Anna , Novia Rubbyarta Ekky , Maya Sopha Bertha
Published: September 2018

Mount Merapi is one of the active volcanoes in Indonesia. Physical conditions of the Merapi environment which is suitable for farming and tourism attract people to stay in the area although it tends to be more prone to be affected when the eruption disaster occurs. Different public perceptions of disasters when such events occur can influence their behavior and hence community decision-making during evacuation process. Thus, evaluation of the evacuation planning based on population behavior is important to be considered. This study aims to determine attributes that influence the behavior of the people around Mount Merapi during evacuation phase and the relationship between those attributes in order to improve the evacuation strategy. Literature review, survey and interview were conducted to obtain the attributes influencing the behavioral attributes, while Damster-Shafer and Bayesian Network were used to evaluate correlation among attributes. The results indicate that experience of disaster training has a strong correlation to evacuation behavior, followed by trust to community leader and perception of danger. Those three attributes are then considered in the improvement of evacuation strategy.
A data envelopment analysis approach for assessing the efficiency of small and medium-sized wood-furniture enterprises: a case study
Authors: Sari Diana P. , Handayani Naniek Utami , Ulkhaq M. Mujiya , Budiawan Wiwik , Maharani Dea Ladysia , Ardi Fahmi
Published: September 2018

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are widely recognised as the key engine of economic development. As a result of this recognition, a central issue dominating policy debates around the world and Indonesia in particular, has been how to stimulate economic growth through the deve-lopment of SMEs. During and beyond the financial crisis, the SMEs in Indonesia contributed to the employment growth and gave steady decline in poverty rate. Wood-furniture industry is one of two traditional labour-intensive industries in Indonesia which plays an important role in the economic development since the country is as one of the biggest furniture exporters in the world. However, the SMEs are facing difficulties in many areas, especially in spending their scarce resources efficiently. A case study to assess the efficiency of the wood-furniture SMEs has been conducted by applying the data envelopment analysis in Kangkung Village, Demak Regency, Indonesia. The results show that from ten assigned wood-furniture SMEs, there are six SMEs that are considered efficient, while the rest are regarded as inefficient. This research is expected to give some advantages to the SMEs regarding how to use their limited resources in an efficient way.
Product mix optimization on multi-constraint production planning-a Fuzzy Mixed Integer Linear Goal Programming (FMILGP) approach: A single case study
Authors: Ginting Meriastuti , Kirawan Martin , Marpaung Budi
Published: September 2018

Creating effective and efficient production planning becomes one of the most intriguing efforts for most of the Indonesian enterprises. This study introduces an optimization model of product mix to solve the production planning problems, by considering certain multi-constraint: limited existing resources, objectives to be achieved, and fuzzy characteristics of demand and production costs. By applying Fuzzy Mixed Integer Linear Goal Programming, this study tries to determine the optimal solutions of product mix. The study consists of several steps: capacity constraint resource analysis, formulation of the optimization models, determines the products mix and the multi-criteria objective value. The proposed product mix model is then validated by conducting a preliminary study to one enterprise. The preliminary study showed that the proposed model is able to provide an increase of multi-criteria objective value by 4.81% compared to the existing conditions.
Optimization of inbound logistics cost in automotive industry
Authors: Maulida Hakim Inaki , Oktapiani Zaqiah Rolina , Teuku Yuri M. Zagloel
Published: September 2018

The increasing growth of automotive industry in Indonesia has not been matched by the number of local suppliers and makes the automotive industry too dependent on imported raw materials. Along with the needs of import activities, it is also required a greater logistics activities. However, with high logistics costs, the manufacturer must increase efficiency to be able to compete in the global market. This can be accomplished by planning inbound logistics activities that control the movement of materials from suppliers to the manufacture. In this research, an optimization methodology, based on Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) approach is developed and solved with branch and bound algorithm. The result of this research, which obtained the total cost of optimal inbound logistics include material cost, transportation cost, and administration cost. This model can also be used as a tool for the company in making decisions about the type and the number of container also with the total of the optimal material load in each container, therefore the optimal container space utilization value can be obtained.
A Comparison of Exact Method - Metaheuristic Method in Determination for Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Nuha Hilyatun , Wati Putu Eka Dewi Karunia , Widiasih Wiwin
Published: September 2018

This paper will address Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (VRPTW) for single product. VRPTW is developed from its basic model called by Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). VRP is utilized to determine route with minimum cost from depot to costumer which is spreading out of location with certain demand. In one way route must be end and start in depot. In one way route should not exceeded more than its vehicle capacity. This paper has two fold: first, modelling the algorithm of VRP with Time Windows constraint using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP), and second development of Cross Entropy (CE) Algorithm to solve VRP. Algorithm will run with computational experiment Lingo 11 version for MILP and Matlab R201b for CE Algorithm. Then we will compare the result from computational experiment from both MILP and CE. Computational from CE results the initial solution almost the same from computational result for Exact Method (MILP).
Knowledge sharing, visibility improvement and productivity growth: Evidence from agro-industry manufacturing firm
Authors: Natalardo Kevin , Sunardi Oki
Published: September 2018

During the last five years, agro-industry has become national largest workforce absorption sector, in which 38.3 million to 48.5 million people work in this area. However, in average, the productivity level of workforce in agro-industry sector is considered to be the most alarming. This study aims to uncover the best practice on how to enhance the productivity growth within a leading Indonesian agro-industry manufacturing firm. Survey to 46 respondents confirms that knowledge sharing practice and visibility improvement have proven to be significantly positive to affecting the productivity growth within the firm.
Kansei engineering-based robust design model for logistics services
Authors: Hartono Markus , Santoso Amelia
Published: September 2018

Previous studies in Kansei Engineering have focused on product design and development incorporating customer emotional needs and extended to service design and improvement considering service quality tools to enhance the Kansei Engineering methodology. However, a little attention has been paid to modify the effectiveness of the proposed improvement strategies. This study has developed an integrative model of Kansei Engineering and robust design methodology to strengthen the applicability of Kansei Engineering method in services. An illustrative case study in logistics services has been discussed, as one of the prominent and fastest growing business sectors in Indonesia. The expected contributions in theory and practice are expressed in this paper.
Development of fatigue, accident experiences and safety culture relationships to the risk of fishing perception on the accidents of fishing vessel small and medium
Authors: Nurindah Sari Septi , Sari Dewi Ratna , Sudiano Adithya
Published: September 2018

Working at sea is associated with many challenges and risk in the job, such as a high workload, inappropriate working hours, minimum time for hanging out with family and increasing the risk of accidents. When an accident occurs, the perception of the risk of occupational accidents seafarers increased so that all workers start to think about their safety. Fatigue is one of the factors that can affect the seafarer safety. Fatigue among the seafarers is affected by lack of sleep duration and low sleep quality. Besides fatigue, accidental experiences can also influence risk perceptions. When the workers themselves or their friends see or experience an accident, it is likely to increase the risk of accidents perception among the workers. In addition to fatigue and accident experience, safety culture can also affect the perception of risk. Safety training, hazard identification and risk assessment, safety awareness and incident reporting are several factors that can be used to assess the safety culture. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the influence of fatigue, sleep quality, accident experiences and safety culture on the risk perception of fishermans who works at the Indonesian maritime territoires.
Injection well as an eco-drainage solution to reduce surface run-off at the State University of Malang
Authors: Idfi Gilang , Yulistyorini Anie , Apriliani Tika
Published: September 2018

This study aims to investigate the plan design and reduction of the runoff discharge using the eco-drainage system in the form of injection well. This research was conducted through an analysis of the injection well plan design at Graha Rektorat of the State University of Malang (SUM) and testing of soil permeability coefficient in the laboratory using Falling Head Permeability method. The result showed that design of injection wells using 1.5 m diameter and 3 m of depth for ten injection wells reduced drainage load by 44%, 34.35%, and 28.9% at return period of 2, 5, and 10 years respectively and the value of soil permeability coefficient was 2.01 cm/hour.
Methods in water conservation as part of green building rating tools in indonesia – case study: Design of integrated classrooms building in Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia
Authors: Hajji Apif M. , Suprianto Bambang , Ariestadi Dian
Published: September 2018

Under support from the Islamic Development Bank (IDB), Universitas Negeri Malang (UM) is going to develop two new integrated classroom buildings, which consist of not only classrooms, but also seminar rooms, laboratories, lecturer’s rooms, educational studios, and auditoria. As an approach to make the buildings gaining the green building certificate, the rating tools are selected from the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI). One of the parameters used in the rating tools are how the buildings manage its water resources, as rated from water conservation methods and techniques. The purpose of the research is to analyse the design of the new buildings, particularly the methods in water conservation to be rated in greenship for new building design. The data are obtained from all detailed engineering design documents of the buildings, which include working drawings, detailed specifications, and bill of quantity. By using parameters stated in the GBCI’s rating tools, methods of water conservation are analysed to gain the targeted score for fulfilling the specific level of greenship.
Designing portable chopping plastic waste machine utilizing electric motor
Authors: Mindarta Erwin Komara , Wibowo Andre Ari , Putra Andika Bagus Nur Rahma
Published: September 2018

Waste management in Indonesia is still a problem that can not be handled properly. Waste reduction activities both in the community as waste producers and at the level of the area is still small, so the waste is disposed to the final processing place (TPA) while the landfill is very limited. Plastic waste is a waste that needs to be handled properly, because plastic waste is a waste that can not be broken down by microorganisms. Plastic waste can last for years causing environmental pollution. The design of a portable plastic waste counter machine aims to create a waste recycling tool, so that waste can be recycled into useful items and and create an environmental balance. To focus the manufacture of this crusher, the manufacture is limited to making non-organic waste composting machine design that is plastic waste. The design results are expected to be applied properly and can destroy the waste into granules so it can be reprocessed. The hope of this recycling process is to reduce the amount of plastic waste and make it an item that has economic value.
Numerical simulation of the effect of material catalytic converter on gas emission
Authors: Suheni  , Sunoko Rudy , Wahyudi Slamet , Leksono Amin S
Published: September 2018

The disposal of gas emission from vehicle is the biggest contributor to the environmental pollution which generates most carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and lead (Pb=Plumbum). Those substance particulates are pollutants and harmful for both the environment and human life. One of the innovations that can reduce the pollutive particulates is to reduce CO gas by assembling a catalytic converter are displayed. In order to find out the effect of catalytic converter absorption toward (CO) gas particulate, varied with various materials in an environmentally friendly catalytic converter, a simulation using fluent software is carried out. From the simulation, it is seen a significant thermal condition and CO mass fraction absorption from various different materials, by applying mass fraction of CO=0.04;N2=0.8796; and O2=0.12, the decrease of high mass fraction (decrease of CO=0.004 mass fraction) occurs at the channel centre area due to the mass fraction of various materials that moves away from the center with a longer rest time (high conversion) at the surrounding channel.
The effects of sodium hydroxide and potassium permanganate treatment on roughness of coconut fiber surface
Authors: Arsyad Muhammad , Soenoko Rudy
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the grade of roughness of coconut fiber surface as result of sodium hydroxide and potassium permanganate treatment. Research stages are soaking for 3 hours, testing, and data processing. Coconut fiber is soaked in 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% sodium hydroxide solution. Then soaked in 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% potassium permanganate solution. After that, the coconut fiber is dried in the oven at 90 °C for 5 hours. Thereafter, measurement of surface roughness. The measurement of surface roughness was did in two methods namely SEM, and surface roughness gauge. Based on the results of the tests, it was concluded that the higher concentrations of sodium hydroxide and potassium permanganate solutions gave higher grades of surface roughness compared with untreated fibers.
The effectiveness of mendong plaited rope production: the design of automatic mendong rope twisting machine
Authors: Edy Duwi Leksono , Widiyanti  , Riza Fahru , Sari Kharis Sofia
Published: September 2018

This article discussed the latest and most efficient machine design in rope from mendong. This machine design is multifunctional. There a plenty of available machines but many people were constrained in production process which needed more time because the rope making process went through several steps. The engine work is not maximal, the production of minimal mendong rope. So that the demand for handicrafts from mendong ropes in the market cannot be fulfilled. Setting off from this problem, designing machines with the latest technology with a work system that needs to increase the production of craftsmen and the economic level of the community in Blayu, Wajak District, Malang Regency, Indonesia.
Experimental and CFD analysis of rotary multi vane expander for small capacity generation
Authors: Mahardika Mohammad
Published: September 2018

Every year, Indonesia's population increase so as energy demand. To fulfill Indonesia's energy needs, the capacity of energy production should be increased. Indonesia government has made a solution by propose 35.000 MW program to increase energy production and electrification ratio in Indonesia. An insulated area where electricity did not reach, has many problem to get electricity such as limited infrastructure, low fuel energy content, and expensive turbine. To solve these problem, multi-vane expander (MVE) can be used to extract the low energy and is cheap. MVE have many advantages such as cheap, easy to manufacture, able to operate with 2 phase, and able to low speed operation. But, the disadvantage of this type of expander is leakage. In this paper, experimental and CFD analysis of MVE are conducted. The experiment generated power of 25.7 watt with isentropic and volumetric efficiency of 11.6% and 11.7% by using operating condition of 1.5 bar, 115.6 °C, 626 rpm, and mass flow rate of 80 kg/h. The CFD model of the expander is created with the same dimension and operating conditions as experimental. The result for isentropic efficiency is inversely proportional with mass flow rate and for volumetric efficiency, power, and expander rotation are directly proportional with mass flow rate.
Design and development of a CNC micro blanking machine with mechanical and control validation investigation
Authors: Lubis Didin Zakariya , Suprayitno  , Pradana Yanuar Rohmat Aji , Asfani Khoiruddin
Published: September 2018

The increasing of needs on several industrial fields such as medical, electrical and mechanical field require accurate dimensional and geometrical function and efficiency in a product, one example being the manufacture of micro-hole and micropart products. As one of micromachining processes, CNC micro blanking machine is proposed as basic technology to fabricate the component with miniaturized dimension. In this study, the validation between theoretical input on the program control and mechanical motion is conducted to significantly reduce the gap between actual carriage motion and G-Code motion. The average deviation of actual velocity on post calibration is determined to be 10.8 mm/min, while for carriage displacement for X, Y, and Z axes are -0.0191; -0,0087; and -0.0005 mm, respectively. Based on the analysis has been performed, it can be concluded that the imprecision is caused by the geometrical deviation of carriage (linear guide), so, the carriage movement is hindered by the deviation.
Optimization total deformation of knee implants made Ti6Al4V material
Authors: Kustono Djoko , Wulandari Retno , Andoko  , Puspitasari Poppy , Kurniawan Galih Adhi , Putra Agus Dwi
Published: September 2018

Bones play an integral role in human survival. Damage to the knee joint has prompted orthopaedic specialists to develop implants as one of the solutions. In this study, Ti6Al4V as the implant material was optimised to determine and achieve the optimum implant condition based on the loading applied and the total deformation occurred. The optimisation results showed that the activity of walking downstairs resulted in the highest average of total deformation (19345 mm), followed by walking (15984 mm) and jumping (2.94 mm).
Aerodynamics analysis of electric car UM body surface using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Mardji  , Andoko  , Prsetiyo Dani
Published: September 2018

The body shape that is engineered in such a way will produce fluid flow characteristics that very and greatly affect the function of the shape of the body. However, until now researchers have not been able to find the right solution to diagnose and synthesize flow structures, so that it is done directly through experimental testing [3]. One of them by using the help of a software CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is Ansys 18.1. Fluid Flow Analysis on the surface of the body electric car UM produces several characteristics such as fluid flow which has a significant obstacle, especially on the surface that has a wide surface that causes a flow that causes the flow is red which indicates the velocity of air flowing in that large area obtained maximum velocity air results of 21.1885m / s marked with the color red and velocity minimum of 0.03947m / s marked in blue, other than that when the air flows produce a pressure that produces the maximum pressure received by the body of 79.12Pa and the minimum pressure of -316.1Pa and the value of drag coefficient from the car body electric car UM obtained results of 0.46.
Strenght analysis chassis of UM electric cars using finite element method
Authors: Mardji  , Andoko  , Prasetiyo Dani
Published: September 2018

Chassis on the vehicle serves as the main weight support vehicle. Designing a precise chassis will give optimal results between the safety level and the size of the construction, so that finite element simulation analysis is required to know how strong the chassis sustains the load on it. The purpose of this research is to get the result of chassis simulation on UM electric car when getting the loading by using ANSYS 18.1 software. As for the step this study started from chassis modeling using Autodesk Inventor Professional 2018 software and finite element simulation using static structural feature in software ANSYS 18.1. From the simulation result obtained Equivalent Stress 59,983MPa, Equivalent Elastic Strain 33,25x10-5 mm / mm Total Deformation 2,43mm and safety factor 3,55.
The modeling and optimization of hot rolling process of A36 structural steel by using response surface methodology
Authors: Permanasari Avita Ayu , Puspitasari Poppy , Choiron Moch. Agus , Andoko  , Affandi Muhammad Taufiq
Published: September 2018

In hot conditions and with various parameters, it has been found several cracks and wear in the hot rolling process due to several factors including von mises stress and plastic strain which is affected by the size of the roller diameter and thickness of the specimen. Modeling and optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) are chosen in this study to determine the optimum parameter design. The effect of roller diameter and thickness of specimens on equivalent stress von mises and plastic strains on the hot rolling process were studied using RSM. Central Composite Design (CCD) with two factors and three levels which are part of the RSM used to present mathematical models. Based on the results of RSM the optimum value obtained is on the roller diameter of 577.1389 mm and the thickness of the specimen 8.5786 mm.
An efficient simplification method for point cloud based on salient regions detection
Authors: El Sayed Abdul Rahman , El Chakik Abdallah , Alabboud Hassan , Yassine Adnan
Published: September 2018

Many computer vision approaches for point clouds processing consider 3D simplification as an important preprocessing phase. On the other hand, the big amount of point cloud data that describe a 3D object require excessively a large storage and long processing time. In this paper, we present an efficient simplification method for 3D point clouds using weighted graphs representation that optimizes the point clouds and maintain the characteristics of the initial data. This method detects the features regions that describe the geometry of the surface. These features regions are detected using the saliency degree of vertices. Then, we define features points in each feature region and remove redundant vertices. Finally, we will show the robustness of our methodviadifferent experimental results. Moreover, we will study the stability of our method according to noise.
Necessary and sufficient optimality conditions using convexifactors for mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints
Authors: Kohli Bhawna
Published: September 2018

The main aim of this paper is to develop necessary Optimality conditions using Convexifactors for mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints (MPEC). For this purpose a nonsmooth version of the standard Guignard constraint qualification (GCQ) and strong stationarity are introduced in terms of convexifactors for MPEC. It is shown that Strong stationarity is the first order necessary optimality condition under nonsmooth version of the standard GCQ. Finally, notions of asymptotic pseudoconvexity and asymptotic quasiconvexity are used to establish the sufficient optimality conditions for MPEC.
Synthetic Versatility of Lipases: Application for Si–O Bond
Formation and Cleavage
Authors: Brondani Patrícia , Mittersteiner Mateus , Voigt Morgana , Klinkowski Bruna , Riva Scharf Dilamara , de Jesus Paulo
Published: September 2018

Several commercially available lipases were examined in a study on O–Si bond formation and cleavage applying silicon-based protecting groups and alcohols or the corresponding silyl ethers. With regard to deprotection, from silyl ether to the corresponding alcohol, only the solvent and the lipase were necessary. The influence of the protecting group, the lipase source, and the substituent was investigated to optimize the results. The TMS moiety could be removed in 24 hours of reaction at room temperature in aqueous systems (conv. up to 99%, depending on the substrate and lipase). The reverse reactions, that is, with the protection of the alcohols, were carried out in hexane using different silyl chlorides. The TMS, TES, and TBS moieties were successfully inserted in the primary and secondary alcohols without the need for dry conditions or an inert atmosphere, presenting conversions of up to 99%, depending on the substrate.
Does Fracture Pattern Influence Functional Outcomes in the Management of Bilateral Mandibular Condylar Injuries?
Authors: Wang Howard D. , Susarla Srinivas M. , Yang Robin , Mundinger Gerhard S. , Schultz Benjamin D. , Banda Abhishake , MacMillan Alexandra , Manson Paul N. , Nam Arthur J. , Dorafshar Amir H.
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to compare the functional outcomes of different types of bilateral mandibular condylar fractures. This was a retrospective study of patients with bilateral mandibular condylar fractures at a level-1 trauma center over a 15-year period. The primary predictor variable was fracture pattern, classified as type I (bilateral condylar), type II (condylar–subcondylar), or type III (bilateral subcondylar). Secondary predictor variables were demographic, injury-related, and treatment factors. Bivariate associations between the predictors and complication rates were computed; a multiple logistic regression model was utilized to adjust for confounders and effect modifiers. Thirty-eight subjects with bilateral condylar injuries met the inclusion criteria. The sample's mean age was 37.6 + 18.2 years, and 16% were female. The most common mechanisms of injury were motor vehicle collisions (53%) and falls (29%). Seventy-four percent had associated noncondylar mandibular fractures, and 32% of cases had concomitant midface fractures. Fifty-three percent of cases were classified as type I, 21% as type II, and 26% as type III. Ten subjects (26%) were managed with open reduction and internal fixation. The average length of follow-up was 4.5 + 6.3 months. After adjusting for confounders and effect modifiers, the type of fracture was a significant predictor of functional complications with type II injuries having the highest likelihood of a poor functional outcome (odds ratio: 7.77, 95% confidence interval: 1.45–41.53, p = 0.02). Asymmetric bilateral mandibular condylar fractures may be associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcomes.
Effects of Peer Support Interventions on the Communication of Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chapin Shelley , Boyle Susannah , Babb Salena , McNaughton David
Published: September 2018

Many young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) experience difficulty in the development of communication skills. Teaching peers to make use of communication support behaviors has been investigated as a strategy to increase communication for young children with ASD in early childhood settings. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine (1) the overall effects of peer support interventions on the communication of young children with ASD and (2) any possible moderating variables related to participant and intervention characteristics. The social support model was used as a framework for the study of intervention components. Eighteen single-case experimental design studies (48 children with ASD) met the inclusion criteria and were advanced to the full coding and analysis phase of the investigation. Descriptive analyses and effect size estimations using the improvement rate difference (IRD) metric were conducted. Overall, peer support interventions were found to be effective across a range of young children with ASD and intervention approaches. Evidence was also identified for the use of the social support model as a framework to guide the development of peer interventions in early childhood settings. The use of friendship groups, the selection of play materials based on the interests of the child with ASD, and the provision of augmentative and alternative communication appeared to be associated with positive communication outcomes.
Reasons for Use of and Experiences with Homeopathic Treatment as an Adjunct to Usual Cancer Care: Results of a Small Qualitative Study
Authors: Yde Charlotte , Viksveen Petter , Duckworth Jean
Published: September 2018

Background A significant proportion of patients with cancer consult with homeopaths. No former qualitative study has reported on experiences with homeopathy in this patient group. This study aimed to learn about the reasons for, and experiences with, treatment provided by homeopaths among Danish patients with cancer.

Methods A small qualitative semi-structured interview study was carried out to collect preliminary knowledge to learn about reasons for and experiences with treatment provided by homeopaths as an adjunct to usual care among patients with cancer. Thematic analysis was used for the development of themes.

Results Five patients, diagnosed with cancer, were interviewed. On the basis of qualitative interviews five themes emerged: concerns and hopes, obstacles and support, internal health locus of control, whole person approach, and improved well-being.

Conclusion The cancer patients in this study sought homeopathy to address their hopes and concerns and to help them face obstacles and find support. They were actively taking responsibility for their own health and valued the whole person approach used by their homeopaths. Participants reported improved well-being both at the physical and mental levels. The results provide a basis for further research to learn more from patients' experiences with this intervention. Such knowledge could potentially be helpful to improve healthcare practitioners' communication with patients, and thereby patients' overall care.
Influence of surface nano-patterning on the placement of InAs quantum dots
Authors: Del Gaudio D. , Aagesen L. K. , Huang S. , Johnson T. M. , Faeth B. D. , Lu H. , Ziff R. M. , Goldman R. S.
Published: September 2018

We have examined the influence of spontaneous nano-patterning on the placement of InAs quantum dots (QDs) on (Al)GaAs surfaces using an experimental-computational approach. Both atomically flat and mounded surfaces, generated via a surface instability induced by the Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier, are employed as templates for the subsequent deposition of InAs QDs. Using height profiles from atomic-force micrographs, we simulate QD deposition with a 2D phase field model, which describes the time evolution of the InAs layer driven by a chemical potential gradient. For flat surfaces, phase-field simulations result in QD densities comparable to experimental observations. For mounded surfaces, the simulations reveal QDs preferentially positioned in regions of positive curvature (substrate valleys), e.g., at the edge of surface mounds, consistent with the anisotropic QD placement observed experimentally. We discuss the role of curvature-driven diffusion in the spontaneous ordering of QDs, demonstrating the applicability of this mechanism to AlGaAs mounds.
RHEGAL: Resistive heating gas enclosure loadframe for in situ neutron scattering
Authors: An Ke , Armitage Douglas P. , Yu Zhenzhen , Dickson Richard W. , Mills Rebecca A. , Feng Zhili , Skorpenske Harley D.
Published: September 2018

In situ neutron scattering is a powerful tool to reveal materials atomic structural response such as phase transformation, lattice straining, and texture under external stimuli. The advent of a high flux neutron source such as the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) allows fast measurement in even non-equilibrium conditions, i.e., phase transformation in steels. However, the commercial fast heating apparatus such as commercial physical simulation equipment is not designed for in situ neutron scattering, which limits its application to in situ materials research by using neutrons. Here we present a resistive heating gas enclosure loadframe (RHEGAL) for non-equilibrium phase transformation studies by using in situ neutron scattering, which takes the advantage of high flux neutron sources like SNS. RHEGAL enables fast resistive heating of metal samples to 1200 °C at a rate up to 60 °C/s in an inert atmosphere. It provides both horizontal and vertical positions for scattering optimization. The mechanical loading capability also allows in situ high temperature tension above the oxidation temperature limit. The optimized translucent neutron scattering window by silicon allows both reflection and transmission measurements, making this equipment applicable for neutron diffraction, small angle scattering, and imaging. To demonstrate the fast heating capability, the phase transformations of an example of advanced high strength steel heated at 3 °C/s and 30 °C/s were measured with the VULCAN engineering diffractometer, and the different phase transformation kinetics by neutron diffraction were presented.
Diameter dependent threshold voltage modification of resistive state switching in organometallic single nanowire devices (diameter ∼ 10–100 nm)
Authors: Basori Rabaya , Samanta Sudeshna
Published: September 2018

Reversible electrical resistive state switching (ERSS) and memory effects have been investigated for a wide range of organometallic compounds and device configurations where the underlying mechanism is still not fully explored. We synthesized single nanowires (NWs) of organometallic charge transfer complexes between pre-fabricated electrodes with diameter (d) 10 ≤d≤ 100 nm, and their ERSS properties have been systematically investigated at 300 K, encompassing versatile measurement techniques. The thinnest NW with d ∼ 10 nm switched to its low resistive state with very low applied voltage. It appeared as metallic in the switched state as confirmed by its current-voltage characteristics and temperature (T) dependent resistivity for 100 ≤T≤ 300 K. Supported by a theoretically simulated model, we proposed a possible mechanism for the single metallic filament formation in an almost defect-free 10 nm wire in its switched state considering the migration of metal ions created by a strong electric field between two very closely spaced electrodes. We also experimentally demonstrated that the diameter dependence of the threshold voltage (Vth) for switching follows a power law (Vth∝dδ) which is independent of the electrode configurations, measurement techniques and growth mechanism. The results explained the strategies to engineer the ERSS properties of single NW devices and might be beneficial for further research and development.
Advances in utilizing event based data structures for neutron scattering experiments
Authors: Peterson Peter F. , Olds Daniel , Savici Andrei T. , Zhou Wenduo
Published: September 2018

This article strives to expand on existing work to demonstrate advancements in data processing made available using event mode measurements. Most spallation neutron sources in the world have data acquisition systems that provide event recording. The new science that is enabled by utilizing event mode has only begun to be explored. In the past, these studies were difficult to perform because histograms forced dealing with either large chunks of time or a large number of files. With event based data collection, data can be explored and rebinned long after the measurement has completed. This article will review some of the principles of event data and how the method opens up new possibilities for in situ measurements, highlighting techniques that can be used to explore changes in the data. We also demonstrate the statistical basis for determining data quality and address the challenge of determining how long to measure mid-measurement. Finally, we demonstrate a model independent method of grouping data via hierarchical clustering methods that can be used to improve calibration, reduction, and data exploration.
Polarized neutron reflectometry study of depth dependent magnetization variation in Co thin film due to strain transfer from PMN-PT substrate
Authors: Al-Rashid Md Mamun , Bhattacharya Dhritiman , Grutter Alexander , Kirby Brian , Atulasimha Jayasimha
Published: September 2018

We studied the depth dependent magnetization profile of the magnetostrictive Co thin film layer in a (PbMg0.33Nb0.67)1-x:(PbTiO3)x (PMN-PT) (011)/Ta/Co/Ta structure under both zero and nonzero applied electric field using polarized neutron reflectometry. Application of an electric field across the PMN-PT substrate generates a strain, which rotates the magnetization of the Co layer consistent with the Villari effect. At low magnetic fields (near remanence and coercive field conditions), we find that the depth dependent magnetization profile is non-uniform, under both zero and nonzero applied electric fields. These variations are attributable to the depth dependent strain profile in the Co film, as determined by finite element analysis simulations.
Correlation polarimetry for broadband magnetic fluctuation measurements
Authors: Parke E. , Ding W. X. , Brower D. L.
Published: September 2018

Correlation techniques have been successfully utilized for plasma diagnostics like electron cyclotron emission to reduce measurement noise. We present the first application of such a technique to Faraday-effect polarimetry measurements on the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST). The MST far infrared (FIR) interferometer-polarimeter diagnostic utilizes 11 vertical chords with a chord separation of 7-8 cm and a heterodyne detection system for fluctuation measurements up to several hundred kHz. The planar-diode mixers viewing each chord represent independent noise sources; modifying the optical setup so that two different mixers view the same chord allows cross correlation between the two independent signals to reduce the noise floor in fluctuation measurements. In this manner, the noise floor in both interferometry and polarimetry measurements in reversed-field pinch discharges has been reduced by a factor of 20-30. The correlation polarimeter provides a sensitive measurement of broadband magnetic fluctuations.
Ferromagnetic resonance force microscopy of individual domain wall
Authors: Volodin A. , Van Haesendonck C. , Skorokhodov E. V. , Gorev R. V. , Mironov V. L.
Published: September 2018

We report on ferromagnetic resonance force microscopy (FMRFM) based investigations of the ferromagnetic resonance of a single domain wall (DW) in a V-shaped planar permalloy nanowire (NW) which is bent by 60°. A pronounced resonance associated with the DW is observed at 1.6 GHz. FMRFM imaging at the resonance frequency confirms the localization of the resonant mode in the DW area. The measured spectra and spatial distribution of the resonant signal are in good agreement with the results of micromagnetic modeling.
Numerical investigation into the blade and wake aerodynamics of an H-rotor vertical axis wind turbine
Authors: Peng H. Y. , Lam H. F. , Liu H. J.
Published: September 2018

Blade aerodynamics is of critical importance in the design of an isolated vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). In contrast, wake aerodynamics plays a crucial role in the optimum placement of multiple VAWTs. In this study, both the blade and the wake aerodynamics of a straight-bladed VAWT are investigated using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. The algebraic wall-modeled large eddy simulation (LES) was used for turbulence modeling. The LES predictions were compared with and had good agreement with the published experimental data. A semi-empirical method was proposed to estimate the convergence time of CFD calculations. Further, guidelines for the LES modeling of VAWTs were provided. Relatively thick airfoils are recommended for VAWTs to reduce fatigue loading on blades. Torque analysis suggested that winds in built environments would benefit the self-starting performance. Comparisons between transient and time-averaged velocity fields indicated a statistically stable wake. Moreover, the blade speed ratio effect on the development of wake velocities was assessed. The underlying causes of the significant wake asymmetry were addressed. The periodical vortex-ring structures, counter-rotating vortical motions, and wake asymmetry were analyzed and concluded as the signature features of H-rotor VAWTs' wake.
Comparison of short-term solar irradiance forecasting methods when weather conditions are complicated
Authors: Yu Yunjun , Cao Junfei , Wan Xiaofeng , Zeng Fanpeng , Xin Jianbo , Ji Qingzhao
Published: September 2018

Although the output of a photovoltaic power generation system is significantly positively correlated with solar irradiance, the latter variable is intermittent, random, and volatile. Volatility in solar irradiance is particularly marked when weather conditions are complex, and so, this factor has proved to be difficult to predict. A neural network (NN)-based approach is applied for short-term predictions in this study based on a timescale that encompasses the amount of irradiance each hour throughout the next day. Thus, a backpropagation NN (BPNN), a radial basis function NN (RBFNN), and an Elman NN (ENN) were selected for use in this analysis. A predictive model was established to evaluate the accuracy of different approaches, given variable meteorological conditions. To reduce the influence of solar irradiance, samples used for forecasts were subdivided into spring, summer, fall, and winter, and the forecast results of sunny and rainy as well as cloudy days in different seasons were investigated. The results of this study reveal that the predictive accuracies of the BPNN and RBFNN were poor on rainy and cloudy days, while the efficiency of the ENN was high and stable in variable meteorological conditions.
Investigation of recombination in organic heterostructures by i-CELIV
Authors: Juška G. , Genevičius K.
Published: September 2018

In this work, we propose the experimental technique for the estimation of the recombination rate at the interface between hole and electron transporting layers. This technique could be used in dye sensitized solar cells where a very thin generation layer is placed between transporting layers. The proposed technique is based on the extraction of injected charge carriers and the determination of the dependence of the amount of the extracted charge on the density of injection current. We present the analytical solution of this dependence for two different cases: low recombination rate, when charge carriers accumulate at the interface, and fast recombination rate. The dependencies for moderate recombination rates and in the presence of the intermediate layer have been investigated by the numerical modeling. With the help of the proposed technique, the interface recombination rates were determined experimentally in the sandwich structures of TiO2/P3HT and TiO2/Spiro-MeOTAD. The technique has also been used in the investigation of recombination processes in TiO2/perovskite/Spiro-MeOTAD solar cells.
Implementation of ultraviolet Thomson scattering on SG-III laser facility
Authors: Zhao Hang , Li Zhichao , Yang Dong , Jiang Xiaohua , Liu Yonggang , Wang Fang , Zhou Wei , Yan Yadong , He Junhua , Li Sanwei , Guo Liang , Peng Xiaoshi , Xu Tao , Liu Shenye , Wang Feng , Yang Jiamin , Jiang Shaoen , Zheng Wanguo , Zhang Baohan , Ding Yongkun
Published: September 2018

An ultraviolet Thomson-scattering system has been designed and implemented on the Shenguang-III laser facility, a 48-beam, 3ω (351 nm), 180 kJ-level laser driver for high energy density physics and inertial confinement fusion researches. The 4ω (263.3 nm) probe beam of the Thomson-scattering system is injected from the north pole (top) of the target chamber, with an assistant beam-pointing monitor to achieve high pointing accuracy. The Thomson-scattered light is collected by a double-Cassegrain optical transmission system, which provides an achromatic image over a wide wavelength range of 200–800 nm. A novel on-line alignment method is developed and applied to the diagnostic system, ensuring a volumetric positioning accuracy of ∼30 μm for the scattering volume. An online calibration is also conducted to provide the wavelength benchmark and the spectral resolution of the system. This Thomson-scattering system has been tested in a complicated experimental environment with gas-filled hohlraums, and a high-quality ion feature of the scattered light has been obtained.
Ambipolar quantum dots in undoped silicon fin field-effect transistors
Authors: Kuhlmann Andreas V. , Deshpande Veeresh , Camenzind Leon C. , Zumbühl Dominik M. , Fuhrer Andreas
Published: September 2018

We integrate ambipolar quantum dots in silicon fin field-effect transistors using exclusively standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor fabrication techniques. We realize ambipolarity by replacing conventional highly doped source and drain electrodes by a metallic nickel silicide with the Fermi level close to the silicon mid-gap position. Such devices operate in a dual mode, as either a classical field-effect or single-electron transistor. We implement a classical logic NOT gate at low temperature by tuning two interconnected transistors into opposite polarities. In the quantum regime, we demonstrate stable quantum dot operation in the few charge carrier Coulomb blockade regime for both electrons and holes.