bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facile route for synthesis of Er doped Cobalt Nanoferrites and Investigation on Structural, Magnetic and Humidity sensor properties
Authors: Reddy R. Anitha , Rao A. Venkateswara , Babu B. Rajesh , Srid B , Sreela K
Published: November 2022

In this work, Er3+ doped Cobalt Nanoferrite particles CoErxFe2−xO4 (x = 0.0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) were synthesized using optimized citrate-gel auto-combustion method and analyzed for Humidity sensor applications. Preliminary X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic studies and confirm the formation of single-phase spinel structure. Average crystallite sizes from Williamson-Hall method are in the range 28 nm to 32 nm, which are in close agreement with TEM data. Temperature dependent magnetization ZFC-FC curves shows above room temperature blocking temperature. Hysteresis loops obtained by vibrating sample magnetometry clearly enhances the magnetization of cobalt ferrite. Electrical resistance measurements in different relative humidity conditions (RH 10–95%) and frequencies were done using a High Frequency LCR Meter. Er doped Cobalt ferrite samples shows a decrease in electrical resistance and improved sensitivity compared to the pure ones. The variation of Resistance with respect to humidity conditions suggested that Er doped Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are potentially suitable for resistive humidity sensor applications.
Canine distemper virus N protein induces autophagy to facilitate viral replication
Authors: Chen Fei , Guo Zijing , Zhang Rui , Zhang Zhixiong , Hu Bo , Bai Ling , Zhao Shuaiyang , Wu Yongshu , Zhang Zhidong , Li Yanmin
Published: November 2022

Background
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is one of the most contagious and lethal viruses known to the Canidae, with a very broad and expanding host range. Autophagy serves as a fundamental stabilizing response against pathogens, but some viruses have been able to evade or exploit it for their replication. However, the effect of autophagy mechanisms on CDV infection is still unclear.
Results
In the present study, autophagy was induced in CDV-infected Vero cells as demonstrated by elevated LC3-II levels and aggregation of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-LC3 spots. Furthermore, CDV promoted the complete autophagic process, which could be determined by the degradation of p62, co-localization of LC3 with lysosomes, GFP degradation, and accumulation of LC3-II and p62 due to the lysosomal protease inhibitor E64d. In addition, the use of Rapamycin to promote autophagy promoted CDV replication, and the inhibition of autophagy by Wortmannin, Chloroquine and siRNA-ATG5 inhibited CDV replication, revealing that CDV-induced autophagy facilitated virus replication. We also found that UV-inactivated CDV still induced autophagy, and that nucleocapsid (N) protein was able to induce complete autophagy in an mTOR-dependent manner.
Conclusions
this study for the first time revealed that CDV N protein induced complete autophagy to facilitate viral replication.
DUSP1 mediates BCG induced apoptosis and inflammatory response in THP-1 cells via MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Zhanyou , Wang Jianhong , Dai Fan , Zhang Dongtao , Li Wu
Published: November 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Apoptosis and necrosis caused by the interaction between the host and the pathogen, as well as the host’s inflammatory response, play an important role in the pathogenesis of TB. Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) plays a vital role in regulating the host immune responses. However, the role of DUSP1 in the regulation of THP-1 macrophage apoptosis induced by attenuated Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection remains unclear. In the present study, we report that infection with BCG significantly induces macrophage apoptosis and induces the production of DUSP1, TNF-α and IL-1β. DUSP1 knockdown significantly inhibited BCG-induced macrophage apoptosis and activation of MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, DUSP1 knockdown suppressed BCG-induced inflammation in vivo. Taken together, this study demonstrates that DUSP1, as a regulator of MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway, plays a novel role in BCG-induced macrophage apoptosis and inflammatory response.
An investigation of water quality of commercially available bottled drinking water in Dhaka city
Authors: Ankon A. A. , Chowdhury R. M. , Ahmed S. , Shoaib S. R. , Akter S.
Published: November 2022

The past few years have seen an increasing demand for drinking water in modern society with a focus on safety, taste and Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). Mineral water is now marketed as a popular commercial product due to health concerns. The question of the quality of tap water helped to raise the popularity of commercial drinking water. Besides that, commercial water brands promoted their water as “Mineral water” which encourages modern people to consume bottled water to maintain their daily dietary requirements. The research investigated the status of the physicochemical quality of bottled water in Dhaka city. A total of eleven locally available and popular mineral drinking water brands were investigated. The study also analyzed the “Taste Index” and “Health Index” which were calculated by the measured parametric values. These indexes were leveraged to create a classification database of the commercially marketed bottled drinking water brands. The study showed that the majority of the physicochemical parameters of the water quality of the samples meet the Bangladesh standard. However, the mineral content (e.g., Calcium and Magnesium) of all the sample waters was found to be very low and below Bangladesh standard—posing the risk of mineral deficiency from long-term consumption. The outcome of the study unraveled the real status of bottled water drinking water quality and would guide the stakeholders to avoid any potential health risks.
Moderately hypofractionated post-operative radiation therapy for breast cancer: Preferences amongst radiation oncologists from countries in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Marta Gustavo Nader , Franco Rejane Carolina de Oliveira , Carvalho Heloísa de Andrade , Gouveia André Guimaraes , Gössling Gustavo Cartaxo de Lima , de Jesus Rafaela Gomes , de Moraes Fabio Ynoe , Ferraris Gustavo , Schuffenegger Pablo Munoz , Bardales Gustavo Sarria , Chacón María Adela Poitevin , Murillo Raúl , Sánchez Luis Ernesto Moreno , Gamarra-Cabezas Elizabeth , Rosa Arthur Accioly , Silva Maurício Fraga da , de Mattos Marcos Duarte , Morais Diego Chaves Rezende , de Castro Douglas Guedes , Pra Alan Dal , Amêndola Beatriz , Barros José Máximo , Lara Tomas Merino , Isa Nicolás , Moya Dolores de la Mata , Hidalgo Iván , Velilla Diego Gimenez , Loayza Lijia Elizabeth Avilés , Montenegro Francisco Gomez , Chacin Nestor O. Sanchez , Werutsky Gustavo , Viani Gustavo Arruda
Published: November 2022

Purpose
The safety and effectiveness of moderately hypofractionated post-operative radiation therapy for breast cancer were demonstrated by several trials. This study aimed to evaluate the current patterns of practice and to assess possible aspects that affect the decision-making process regarding the use of fractionation in breast cancer patients in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).
Methods
Radiation oncologists from LAC were invited to contribute to this this study. A 38-question survey was used to evaluate their opinions.
Results
A total of 173 radiation oncologists from 13 countries answered the questionnaire. The majority of respondents (84.9%) preferred moderately hypofractionated post-operative radiation therapy as their first choice in cases of whole breast irradiation. For whole breast plus regional nodal irradiation, post-mastectomy (chest wall and regional nodal irradiation) without reconstruction, and post-mastectomy (chest wall and regional node irradiation) with reconstruction hypofractionated post-operative radiation therapy was preferred by 72.2% 71.1%, and 53.7% of respondents, respectively. Breast cancer stage, and flap-based breast reconstruction were the factors associated with absolute contraindications for the use of hypofractionated schedules.
Conclusion
Even though moderately hypofractionated post-operative radiation therapy for breast cancer is considered a new standard to the vast majority of the patients, its unrestricted application in clinical practice across LAC still faces reluctance.
Assessing contraceptive use as a continuum: outcomes of a qualitative assessment of the contraceptive journey
Authors: Simmons Rebecca G. , Baayd Jami , Waters Megan , Diener Zoë , Turok David , Sanders Jessica N.
Published: November 2022

Background:Contraceptive use is often a multi-decade experience for people who can become pregnant, yet few studies have assessed how this ongoing process impacts contraceptive decision-making in the context of the reproductive life course.
Methods:We conducted in-depth interviews assessing the contraceptive journeys of 33 reproductive-aged people who had previously received no-cost contraception through a contraceptive initiative in Utah. We coded these interviews using modified grounded theory.
Results:A person’s contraceptive journey occurred in four phases: identification of need, method initiation, method use, and method discontinuation. Within these phases, there were five main areas of decisional influence: physiological factors, values, experiences, circumstances, and relationships. Participant stories demonstrated the ongoing and complex process of navigating contraception across these ever-changing aspects. Individuals stressed the lack of any “right” method of contraception in decision-making and advised healthcare providers to approach contraceptive conversations and provision from positions of method neutrality and whole-person perspectives.
Conclusions:Contraception is a unique health intervention that requires ongoing decision-making without a particular “right” answer. As such, change over time is normal, more method options are needed, and contraceptive counseling should account for a person’s contraceptive journey.
Alternative Control With Oils and Plant Extracts of the Pulgon Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach, 1843) on Couve Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala, in the Municipality of Cruzeiro Do Sul, Acre
Authors: Almeida Jalluza , Godoy Karlla
Published: November 2022

With the crisis and the increase in agricultural pests, there was a need for evolution in the correct management of insects in major crops. Biological control provides for the use of natural inputs as toxicological agents against existing enemies in organic farming. In this way, the use of botanical insecticides regulates the natural balance of species. To obtain new methods of control and management, essential oils were used to eliminate aphids present in cabbage specimens, thus allowing the continuity of vegetable production away from pests. In this study, we will be able to evaluate the viability of different vegetable oils as natural insecticides on aphids of cabbage. It was concluded that the mortality rate showed 100% efficiency on aphids at concentrations of 10%, 25%, 50% and 100% in the different oils tested. According to what was observed, the mortality time showed that Mauritia flexuosa obtained the shortest time as being the best to kill the aphids, followed by the other oils. It is worth noting that for use on leaf specimens, only the concentrations 10% and 25%, regardless of the oils, offered no commercial damage.
A Prediction Model for Childhood Obesity Risk Using the Machine Learning Method: A Panel Study on Korean Children
Authors: Lim Heemoon , Lee Hyejung , Kim Jeongyeon
Published: November 2022

Young children are increasingly exposed to an obesogenic environment through increased intake of processed food and decreased physical activity. Mothers’ perceptions of obesity and parenting styles also influence children’s abilities to maintain a healthy weight. This study aimed to develop a prediction model for childhood obesity in 10-year-olds and to identify relevant risk factors using a machine learning method. Data on 1185 children and their mothers were obtained from the Korean national panel study. A prediction model for obesity was developed based on factors of both children (gender, eating habits, activity, and previous body mass index) and their mothers (education level, self-esteem, and body mass index). These factors were selected based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The prediction model was validated with the Area Under the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve of 0.82 and an accuracy of 76%. Besides body mass index for both children and mothers, significant risk factors for childhood obesity were less physical activity among children and higher self-esteem among mothers. This study adds new evidence demonstrating maternal self-esteem is related to children’s body mass index. Future studies are needed to develop effective strategies for screening young children at risk for obesity, along with their mothers.
A single dose intranasal combination panebolavirus vaccine
Authors: Bukreyev Alexander , Malherbe Delphine , Kimble J. Brian , Atyeo Caroline , Fischinger Stephanie , Hyde Matthew , Alter Galit
Published: November 2022

Ebolaviruses Ebola (EBOV), Sudan (SUDV) and Bundibugyo (BDBV) cause severe human disease, which may be accompanied by hemorrhagic syndrome, with high case fatality rates. Monovalent vaccines do not offer cross-protection against these viruses whose endemic areas overlap. Therefore, development of a panebolavirus vaccine is a priority. As a vaccine vector, human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) has the advantages of needle-free administration and induction of both systemic and local mucosal antibody responses in the respiratory tract. We developed a HPIV3-vectored combination vaccine against EBOV, SUDV and BDBV. To minimize the anti-vector immunity, HPIV3 envelope genes were removed from the vaccine constructs which express only the ebolavirus envelope protein – glycoprotein (GP). A single intranasal vaccination of guinea pigs or ferrets with the trivalent combination vaccine elicited humoral responses to each of the targeted ebolaviruses, including binding and neutralizing antibodies, as well as Fc-mediated effector functions. This vaccine protected animals from death and disease caused by lethal challenges with EBOV, SUDV or BDBV. Notably, the combination vaccine elicited protection which was comparable to that induced by the monovalent vaccines, thus demonstrating the value of this combination trivalent vaccine.
Superconductivity in a ferroelectric-like topological semimetal SrAuBi
Authors: Takahashi Hidefumi , Sasaki Tomohiro , Nakano Akitoshi , Takahashi Masayuki , Mayo Alex , Onose Masaho , Ishiwata Shintaro
Published: November 2022

Given the rarity of metallic systems that exhibit ferroelectric-like transitions, it is apparently challenging to find a system that simultaneously possesses superconductivity and ferroelectric-like structural instability. Here, we report the observation of superconductivity at 2.4 K in a layered semimetal SrAuBi characterized by strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and ferroelectric-like lattice distortion. Single crystals of SrAuBi have been successfully synthesized and found to show a polar-nonpolar structure transition at 214 K, which can be associated with the buckling of Au-Bi honeycomb lattice. On the basis of the band calculations considering SOC, we found significant Rashba-type spin splitting and symmetry-protected multiple Dirac points near the Fermi level. We believe that this discovery opens up new possibilities of pursuing exotic superconducting states and relevant novel responses inherent to the strong SOC and topological band structure.
Demographic structure across all known populations of the rheophyte Dyckia brevifolia Baker (Bromeliaceae) in the Itajaí-Açú River, Southern Brazil
Authors: Rogalski Juliana Marcia , Reis Maurício Sedrez , Reis Ademir
Published: November 2022

Understanding the distribution and demographic structure of populations is essential for species conservation. In Brazil, the rheophyte group has been greatly affected by the construction of hydroelectric dams. All know populations of Dyckia brevifolia along Itajaí-Açu River were studied. The plants were classified as seedlings, immature or repoductive rosettes. In addition, the number of dead rosettes, except for seedlings, was determined in five populations of D. brevifolia. The total number of rosettes per population ranged from 273 to 7,185, totaling 30,443 rosettes, and 1,789 seedlings (5.9%). Only 2.4% of rosettes occurred isolated and 97.6% occurred clumped into 2,254 clumps. The number of rosettes per clump ranged from two to 339 rosettes. The percentage of reproductive rosettes per population ranged from 7.8 to 26.7%. The correlation between the number of clumps or between the total number of rosettes and the area of occupation was significant and positive (r = 0.82; P < 0.05). The production of offshoots (1-4) occurred on immature and reproductive rosettes. D. brevifolia has herbivory by Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris. These rosettes die or often resprout, emitting from 1 to 20 offshoots. The populations did not present a pattern of distribution of rosettes in the diametric classes, but in all populations a decrease in the number of rosettes can be observed in the classes with the largest diameter. The small area of occupation (9,185 m2) showed environmental specificit and vulnerable to habitat loss and environmental changes. Therefore, the maintenance these sites is essential for the long-term conservation of D. brevifolia.
Influence of effective omalizumab treatment on eosinophils in allergic asthma with comorbidities
Authors: Yan Huacheng , Sun Lin , Ni Yingmeng , Du Juan , Liu Dong , Wang Ping , Cao Jin , Xu Guofang , Tao Yi , Dai Ranran , Tang Wei
Published: November 2022

Background
Omalizumab is an effective anti-immunoglobulin E(IgE) treatment for allergic asthma. Eosinophil plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of omalizumab on comorbidities of allergic asthma and explore influence of omalizumab on circulating eosinophils.
Methods
Allergic asthmatics enrolled in the study were treated with omalizumab for at least 16 weeks and exhibited a good or excellent response according to the global evaluation of treatment effectiveness (GETE) assessed by each patient and specialist physician. Asthma Control Test (ACT) and Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini-AQLQ) for asthma, Mini Rhino-conjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini-RQLQ) for allergic rhinitis (AR), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for systemic allergic symptoms, Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) for cough variant asthma (CVA) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were collected at baseline and week 16. For eosinophil functional evaluation, peripheral eosinophils were separated and examined the expression of human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) and co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and CD40 by Flow Cytometry and serum to measure the concentration of eotaxin-1 before and after 16 weeks of omalizumab treatment.
Results
Totally 32 allergic asthma patients who responded positively to omalizumab treatment were included. Omalizumab increased LCQ (3.03, p = 0.009), reduced mini-RQLQ (-8.5, p = 0.047), and SAS (-5.08, p = 0.04) in CVA patients, or allergic asthmatics complicating AR or anxiety, respectively. Omalizumab responders showed a significant decline in expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86 on peripheral eosinophils and in serum eotaxin-1 concentration after treatment. Negative correlations (r=-0.61, p = 0.048) were observed between the change in CD80+ eosinophils and the change in FEV1/FVC% predicted and MEF25% after omalizumab treatment.
Conclusion
Our findings show a unique role of omalizumab in reducing co-stimulator molecules expression on eosinophil and serum eotaxin-1 levels in allergic asthmatics with comorbidities.
In silico,neuroprotective effect of phenyl-methanol based benzylidenehydrazineyl derivatives by scavenging reactive oxygen species via sirtuin 3 in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Chand Jagdish , Subramanian Gomathy , baba Mohammad Zubair , Wahedi Umair
Published: November 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Innovative Design of Environmental Visual Art Based on Edge Cloud Computing Technology under the Background of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Han Lei , Yao Jia
Published: November 2022

In the traditional artificial city planning, the greenway research generally takes the greenway layout or environmental effects as a single evaluation criterion. This work aims to solve the problem of weak commonality and difference of greenway landscape vision in the construction of urban style features. First, an image super-resolution reconstruction technology is proposed based on the Convolutional Neural Network to achieve precise processing of the urban greenway layout at a high level. Secondly, a one-time batch processing technology of images based on edge-cloud collaborative deep learning semantic segmentation of edge-cloud computing technology is proposed, which can quickly find out the problematic areas in greenway planning. Finally, the data set obtained by image processing is expressed by mapping software to analyze the commonness and difference of urban greenway landscape visual elements characteristics and composition diversity. The results show the spatial distribution sequence characteristics of different types of greenways and evaluate the relationship between the same type of greenway landscape visual services and their accessibility. The experimental results show that: (1) the CNN-based image super-resolution reconstruction technology designed is superior to the traditional technology in image processing and can more accurately identify the information in the image; (2) The image batch processing technology of edge-cloud collaborative deep learning semantic segmentation based on edge cloud computing technology can greatly improve the efficiency of image information processing, and has broader application prospects in image batch processing. This research aims to provide technical support for the upgrading and transformation of artificial intelligence technology in technology enterprises and reduce the adverse impact on urban construction caused by blind and one-sided urban environmental planning. Some method innovation and reference are provided for environmental visual art design innovation.
Identification of Rboh genes from Neoporphyra haitanensis and their expression profiling under stress conditions
Authors: Gao Da-Hai , Gui Tian-Yu , Huang Lin-Bin , Yan Xing-Hong
Published: November 2022

Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rbohs) is key enzymes in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic network. Various studies had shown that plant Rboh genes were involved in plant growth and developmental processes as well as in biotic and abiotic stress responses, but little is known about its functional role in red algae. In the present study, 10 putative NhRboh genes were identified from the genome of Neoporphyra haitanensis. It predicted that most of NhRbohs encode acidic hydrophobic proteins, locating in plasma membrane and chloroplast. Genome-wide syntenic analysis indicated 6 of 10 NhRboh genes were in conserved collinear blocks between N. haitanensis and N. yezoensis, and many cis-acting elements related to stress response were predicted in the up-stream regions of NhRboh genes. Additionally, expression profiles of 8 NhRboh genes were analyzed under stress conditions of dehydration, heat stress and co-stresses of heat and dehydration. Together with transcriptomic and proteomic results, it showed that the expression patterns of these genes were divergent among different conditions, suggesting some genes may be involved in the process of stress tolerance in N. haitanensis. This study provides valuable information to help with further functional studies of Rboh genes in N. haitanensis.
Construction of an Ecological Model of Sambucus javanica Blume in China under Different Climate Scenarios Based on Maxent model
Authors: Liao Jianfeng , Yang Chuqun , Shao Qi , Sun Qian , Han Yulai
Published: November 2022

Sambucus javanica Blume. is a Chinese native medicinal plant with high medicinal value. In this study, the MaxEnt model was used to explore the relationship between the geographical distribution of S. javanica and environmental factors, and to construct the distribution pattern of S. javanica under different climate scenarios. The results showed that the environmental conditions suitable for the distribution of S. javanica were as follows: precipitation in June ranged from 156.36 mm to 383.25 mm; solar radiation in December ranged from 6750.00 kJ·m-2·day-1 to 10521.00 kJ·m-2·day-1; isothermality ranged from 24.06 to 35.50; precipitation of warmest quarter ranged from 447.92 mm to 825.00 mm. Among them, precipitation and temperature were the key environmental factors affecting the distribution patterns of S. javanica. This plant could grow well mainly in two regions in China, covering a total area of 2.73 × 106 km2. The first region mainly consists of Guizhou, western Hubei, southeastern Chongqing, southwestern Hunan, northern Guangxi, and a small part of eastern Yunnan. The second region mainly consists of Zhejiang, southern Anhui, and northern Fujian. Under the future SSP126 and SSP585 scenarios, potentially suitable habitats in the eastern part of the potential distribution of S. javanica (Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Anhui) might be at risk of habitat fragmentation. Based on the result of this study, Real-time monitoring of wild groups of S. javanica is now recommended to protect its genetic diversity. These findings are supposed to promote the effective conservation and utilization of S. javanica in the future.
PET-PCR reveals low parasitaemia and submicroscopic malarial infections in Honduran Moskitia
Authors: Escobar Denis , Pinto Alejandra , Serrano Delmy , Ksandrová Eliška , Grimaldi Nicole , Juárez-Fontecha Gabriel , Moncada Marcela , Valdivia Hugo O. , Fontecha Gustavo , Matamoros Gabriela
Published: November 2022

Background:Malaria remains the main parasitic disease of humans. Although the largest number of cases is reported in the African region, there are still endemic foci in the Americas. Central America reported 36,000 malaria cases in 2020, which represents 5.5% of cases in the Americas and 0.015% of cases globally. Most malaria infections in Central America are reported in La Moskitia, shared by Honduras and Nicaragua. In the Honduran Moskitia, less than 800 cases were registered in 2020, considering it an area of ​​low endemicity. In low endemicity settings, the number of submicroscopic and asymptomatic infections tends to increase, leaving many cases undetected and untreated. These reservoirs challenge national malaria elimination programs. This study aimed to compare and assess the diagnostic performance of Light Microscopy (LM) with photoinduced electron transfer polymerase chain reaction (PET-PCR) as the gold standard in a population of febrile patients from La Moskitia.Methods:A total of 309 febrile participants were recruited using a passive surveillance approach at the Puerto Lempira hospital. Blood samples were analyzed by LM, nested PCR, and PET-PCR. Diagnostic performance including sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values, kappa index, accuracy, and ROC analysis was evaluated. The parasitaemia of the positive samples was quantified by both LM and PET-PCR.Results:The overall prevalence of malaria was 19.1% by LM, 27.8% by nPCR, and 31.1% by PET-PCR. The sensitivity of LM and nPCR was 59.6% and 80.8%, respectively. LM showed a kappa index of 0.67, with a moderate level of agreement. Forty positive cases by PET-PCR were not detected by LM.Conclusions:This study demonstrated that LM is unable to detect parasitaemia at low levels and that there is a high degree of submicroscopic infections in the Honduran Moskitia.
Human impacts, habitat quantity and quality affect the dimensions of diversity and carbon stocks in subtropical forests: a landscape-based approach
Authors: Bastos Júlio Ricardo , Capellesso Elivane Salete , Vibrans Alexander Christian , Marques Márcia Cristina Mendes
Published: November 2022

Context
Fragmentation is recognized as one of the main factors affecting species and functionality losses in tropical landscapes.
Objectives
In this study, we assess how landscape quality and quantity affect taxonomic and functional diversities and carbon stocks in the Atlantic Forest.
Methods
We used a large dataset, which comprises 92,754 adult trees of 668 species, distributed over an area of ​​95,733 km² in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. In each plot, we quantified the taxonomic diversity (species richness), the functional diversity (functional richness), and the aboveground carbon stock and related it to different landscape metrics (fragment area and total area, number of fragments, total edge area, index of the largest fragment, effective network size and aggregation index) and anthropogenic impacts in three surrounding landscape buffers (radius 1000, 3000 and 5000 m). We built multiple regression models, selecting the best models (Akaike's criterion), to assess the influence of the landscape and anthropogenic index on diversities and carbon stocks.
Results
Our study shows that the landscape quantity and quality, and the anthropic effects are factors that negatively affect the functioning of ecosystems, reinforcing that small-scale exploration, within the fragment itself, is an important factor in reducing diversity and carbon stock.
Conclusions
The importance of considering local exploitation has important implications for conservation, and these results bring important insights for conservation, especially for forest fragments in anthropized landscapes, where exploration within the fragments are factors that interfere in the conservation and maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
Identification of serum peptide biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer by MALDI-TOF-MS with magnetic bead technology.
Authors: Xiu Lin , Li Ning , Wang Wenpeng , Chen Feng , Yuan Guangwen , Cui Wei , Wu Lingying
Published: November 2022

Objective This study explored serum protein biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer using MALDI-TOF-MS combined with magnetic bead technology.
Methods A total of 182 epithelial ovarian cancer patients were admitted to the Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between March 2018 and September 2018. Sixty-four of these patients had stage III/IV disease and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (NACT-IDS) and adjuvant chemotherapy (mucinous and low-grade serous carcinoma were excluded). Serum samples were collected before treatment. After a median follow-up time of 16 months, 25 chemosensitive patients with progression-free survival (PFS) >12 months and 10 chemoresistant patients <6 months after adjuvant chemotherapy were selected as the research subjects. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was used for peptide profiling of the serum samples to compare significantly differentially expressed peptides between the chemosensitive group and chemoresistant group (score >5), and peptide peaks with AUC ≥ 0.8 were identified. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) was further used to determine the composition of the differentially expressed peptides.
Results In the range of 1000-10000 m/z, 71 differential peptide peaks between the chemoresistant and chemosensitive groups were initially detected. ROC curve analysis showed that among the 71 differential protein peaks, there were 22 differential polypeptide peaks with an AUC ≥0.8, of which 10 were highly expressed in the chemoresistant group and 12 were highly expressed in the chemosensitive group. LC‒MS/MS analysis identified the protein components of 4 polypeptide peaks among the 10 differentially expressed polypeptide peaks in the chemoresistant group: 4634.22 m/z as fragments of serum amyloid A-1, 1287.56 m/zas fragments of prothrombin, and 1099.56 m/z and 2018.39 m/z as fragments of complement C3; the sensitivity and specificity of these three proteins for predicting first-line chemotherapeutic efficacy were 100%, 100%, and 96% and 80%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. No protein component was identified among the 12 differential protein peaks in the chemosensitive group.
Conclusion Serum amyloid A-1, prothrombin and complement C3 were highly expressed in chemoresistant patients; thus, they might be related to the poor efficacy of paclitaxel/carboplatin first-line chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer. It is necessary to further explore their predictive value.
A survey on Artificial Intelligent based solutions using Augmentative and Alternative Communication for Speech Disabled
Authors: Evangeline Betsybha , - Anitha
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to analyse how innovative Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems for non-standard speech recognition may revolutionize Augmentative Alternative Communication (AAC) technology for people with severe speech impairments. The AI-based system is personalized for each person's unique speech production and offers a real step forward in improving the efficiency of AAC. With impressive enhancements in recognizing non-standard natural language supported by Machine Learning and Deep Learning algorithms, AI is offering a turning point for personalized and customized Augmentative Alternative Communication (AAC). However, there is a need of understanding the contextual needs of the user which enhances the experience while using AAC. To address this, a systematic review has been done to identify existing applications and the technologies behind them. Also, challenges are explored that can lead to the future directions of the research work. This paper presents the results of the systematic review, after filtering 62 journal articles that are more relevant to the context from a pool of 1088 papers, in the perspective of the existing AI technologies in speech generation, speech reconstruction and speech generation. AI based AAC applications are comprehended in term of input/output, cost, infrastructure and user background. The paper also highlights the future research directions in this domain by identifying the research gaps.
Modification of wood with organic-inorganic hybrid silica sol
Authors: Yang Shoulu , Liu Zhu , Wang Zhongwei , Wu Yiqiang
Published: November 2022

As a potential building material, fast-growing wood (such as poplar) is prone to easy combustion and has poor mechanical properties, which limit its application range. In order to improve the reinforcing effect of SiO2 on poplar wood, we propose a method of immersing silica sol into wood smoothly. In this method, the sol and a non-ionic surfactant are first treated via organic-inorganic hybridization. This surfactant has a strong penetration effect, and the sol is introduced into the wood through hybridization. By impregnating the wood, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of elasticity increased by 79.7% and 89.5%, and the compressive strength along the grain increased by 105.1%. The total loss of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (JFC)-silica sol hybrid material treated wood was 78.95% lower and the time of the maximum heat release peak of the curve is 215 s, which is 50 s later than that of the control group. This method incorporates silica sol in wood via physical filling and chemical bonding, thereby improving the mechanical and fire resistance properties of wood as an outdoor building material.
Rethinking the Value of Local Feature Fusion in Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Lou Zhenyu , Ye Xin , Zhang Luoming , Wu Weijia , He Yefei , Zhou Hong
Published: November 2022

Traditional CNN head for classification tasks typically consists of a global average pooling layer before the last fully-connected classifier. However, such a simple and light-weighted head lacks the ability of feature fusion, and can’t give full play to the strong feature extraction ability of the network body. In the present work, we analyze the Basic Block and Bottleneck structure in ResNet in-depth and reveal the importance of performing feature fusion inside local patches via 1 × 1 convolution. We propose a new head structure consisting of three stages with a series of 1 × 1 convolution to replace global average pooling. With little additional FLOPs and inference speed drop, our new head improves the accuracy for ResNet18by 3.6% on ImageNet, and for ResNet56 by 5.0% on CIFAR-100.
Security Performance of Advanced Block Cipher Technique in Cloud Computing
Authors: Agusthiyar R
Published: November 2022

Cloud security intends to give security among the common information in a public cloud among customer and worker. Cloud empowers all sort of online business to dispatch in simple way simultaneously security hazard at installment mode additionally increments on the grounds that the subtleties kept over the cloud can be hack in a public cloud. To keep away from this danger factor square and code and stream figure is utilized to lessen the programmers in the distributed storage, cloud planned with the assistance of Application Program Interface (API) which contains firewalls and Denial of Services to work on the security. Different encryption procedures are accessible in cloud to give security in that square code per based calculation and stream based calculation assumes a significant part to build the security level. This exploration paper, dissect both the calculations to track down the best encryption procedures to build the dependability among the distributed storage.
Effects of CoFlow-Jet Active Flow Control on Airfoil Stall
Authors: Yazdani Shima , Salimipour Erfan , Salimipour Ayoob , Sheremet Mikhail , Ghalambaz Mohammad
Published: November 2022

Originality/value – Furthermore, the current work intends to analyze the CoFlow-Jet performance by varying the jet momentum coefficient and comparing all states to the baseline airfoil, which has not been studied in prior research investigations.
Purpose – Active flow control on the NACA 0024 airfoil defined as suction-injection jet at the chord-based Reynolds number of 1.5×105 is studied.
Design/methodology/approach – The three-dimensional incompressible unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with the SST k-ω turbulence model are utilized to study the effects of CoFlow-Jet on the dynamic and static stall phenomena. CoFlow-Jet implementation is conducted with several momentum coefficients to investigate their turnover. Furthermore, the current work intends to analyze the CoFlow-Jet performance by varying the Reynolds number and jet momentum coefficient and comparing all states to the baseline airfoil, which has not been studied in prior research investigations.
Findings – It is observed that at the momentum coefficient (Cμ) of 0.06, the lift coefficients at low attack angles (up to α = 15°) dramatically increase. Furthermore, the dynamic stall at the given Reynolds number and with the lowered frequency of 0.15 is explored. In the instance of Cμ = 0.07, the lift coefficient curve does not show a noticeable stall feature compared to Cμ = 0.05, suggesting that a more powerful stronger jet can entirely control the dynamic stall.
OPTIMALISASI INDUSTRI HALAL DI INDONESIA MELALUI PENDEKATAN STRATEGIS DISTINCTIVE COMPETENCE
Authors: Harmoko Irfan
Published: November 2022

Indonesia is a country that has potential in developing the halal industry. In the State of The Global Islamic Report 2021, Indonesia is in the position of the fourth ranked country in the world. However, in all sectors of the halal industry, Indonesia has not been able to achieve first place. By looking at their distinctive competence, the halal industry in Indonesia can be optimized. This study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach, namely by examining phenomena based on existing data, to be analyzed and interpreted in order to obtain a comprehensive picture of the phenomenon. The results of this study are, Indonesia has distinctive competence in the form of, the number of Indonesian population who are predominantly Muslim, strong regulations that support the halal industry, a variety of cultures and local wisdom, as well as the development of digital technology owned. From this, strategic steps can be drawn up in the form of accelerating the halal certification process in the food, beverage, pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors, fulfilling the basic needs of Muslim tourists in various tourism places, and involving related parties in increasing socialization and education in the Islamic finance industry sector.
MENTAL HEALTH OF HIGHER EDUCATION LEVEL STUDENTSIN THE TIME OF PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors:   M.A Student, Department of Education, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal., Ghosh Barsha , Das Tapash ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal., Nandi Ankur ,   Junior Research Fellow, Department of Education, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal., Halder Tarini ,   Professor, Department of Education, Kalyani University, Nadia, West Bengal.
Published: November 2022

Globally, the Covid-19 epidemic has an effect on pupils mental health. As a result of the epidemic, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder have all been documented in pupils life. The pandemic has damaged social bonds, disrupted, education, as well as jobs and income, and increased public anxiety and terror. Main purpose of the study was to find out the impact of pandemic covid-19 on mental health of higher education level students. The current research is qualitative and is a descriptive survey study. In the current study, eight institutions in West Bengal purposefully chosen as a sample, and 274students ultimately chosen from those ten universities by using a random sampling technique, a self-prepared questionnaire (Google from) used, and a percentage calculation used for data analysis. As a result, the mental health of the higher education students has been disrupted due to pandemic covid-19.
The effect of related party transactions on R&D investment: Evidence from Korea
Authors: Shin Ilhang , Lee Hansol
Published: November 2022

This study aims to investigate the relationship between related party transactions and a firm’s investment in research and development (R&D), as well as the moderating effect of a firm’s financial health on such a relationship. The study applies a fixed-effect panel regression model with a sample of 13,619 Korean listed firms for the period from 2001 to 2020. The results indicate that related party transactions significantly and positively influence a firm’s R&D investment at the 1% level for the study period. Specifically, when related party transactions are divided into operating and non-operating, the results show that only non-operating related party transactions significantly and positively affect firms’ investment in R&D. Moreover, findings report that the effect of related party transactions is stronger for firms with financial distress, lower cash holdings, and in the high-tech industry. The results imply that related party transactions promote a firm’s R&D investment, which is one of the primary business investments that create a firm’s competitive advantage and value. Moreover, the results propose that related party transactions should be carefully evaluated when accessing the firm’s investment behavior.
Model for prediction of the optimal dose of Jatropha curcas in FS dewatering
Authors: Benjamin Doglas Mmasi , Kimwaga Richard
Published: November 2022

Jatropha curcas (JC) is a highly effective conditioner in dewatering fecal sludge (FS); however, there are limited studies on the model predicting its optimal dose. This study presents the results of the developed model for predicting JC optimal doses. The developed model assessed the FS parameters and JC stock solution. We analyzed the FS samples from a mixture of a pit latrine and septic tank at the water quality laboratory of the University of Dar es Salaam. The multiple linear regression model was used to establish a relationship between JC optimal dose as a function of FS characteristics (pH, electrical conductivity, total solids, total suspended solids and concentration of the JC stock solution). The results indicated that 90.4% of the JC optimum dosage was determined and contributed by FS characteristics and JC stock solution concentrations. Also, the main explanatory factors determining the JC optimal dose were the JC stock solution concentration, followed by the pH of FS. The model results showed a good agreement between the predicted and observed JC optimal dose with a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.904 and 0.7879 for calibration and validation, respectively. Therefore, the model can be adapted to determine the JC optimal dose without running the jar test experiment.
Synthesis of Aryl/Heteroaryl Selenides Using Transition Metals Catalyzed Cross Coupling and C─H Activation
Authors: Kundu Debasish , Mahata Atanu , Roy Totan
Published: November 2022

Aryl and heteroaryl selenides are an important class of organic compounds and their synthesis has been widely studied all over the world in the last two decades. Transition metals catalysed cross-coupling and directed C─H activation in unactivated arenes in the presence of diselenides/aryl selenols are found to be the most important tools for their synthesis. In recent years different transition metal catalysts were found to be effective to perform C─Se crosscoupling in both aryl and heteroaryl rings. The present review article covers all the recent advances made in the last ten years in the field of the synthesis of aryl and heteroaryl selenides through homogeneous and heterogeneous transition metals catalyzed cross-coupling reactions and directed selenylation via C─H bond activations.
The Role of Graphene Oxide in the Inhibition of Migration and Invasion of
Cancer Cells by Destroying Actin Cytoskeleton and via Inhibiting the
Activities of ETC Complexes
Authors: Hyseni Besmir , Mazreku Ilir , Bislimi Kemajl
Published: November 2022

Cancer is one of the most important threats to public health. Cancer is characterized by cell proliferation that has eluded central endogenous control mechanisms. Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer among women, followed by skin cancer and breast cancer, the first and second most common causes, respectively. In developing countries, cervical cancer is usually the most common cancer in women and may account for 25% of all female cancers.
Over the years, the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer have made rapid progress, resulting in a decline in the mortality and morbidity of the disease. Unfortunately, although surgery and radiotherapy have effective treatment options for early cervical cancer, poor prognosis is still a challenge in the treatment of metastatic cervical cancer. Therefore, it is very important to reveal the mechanism of cervical cancer and explore new therapies against tumor invasiveness.
At present, it is reported that nanomaterials are used in the detection and treatment of various types of malignant tumors due to their different targeting effects in many fields, such as imaging, immune detection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
The cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects of graphene oxide (GO) on tumor invasion and metastasis were studied in recent studies using the human cervical cancer Hela cell line, as well as the probable mechanisms and signaling pathways involved.
Here we collect the last reports, with focus on the role of GO in the inhibition of migration and invasion of cancer cells with the goal of exposing possible potential pathways to provide new insights for specific treatment of cancer.