bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of products of nonnegative matrices
Authors: Jayaraman S. , Prajapaty Y.K. , Sridharan S.
Published: November 2022

The aim of this manuscript is to understand the dynamics of products of nonnegative matrices. We extend a well known consequence of the Perron-Frobenius theorem on the periodic points of a nonnegative matrix to products of finitely many nonnegative matrices associated to a word and later to products of nonnegative matrices associated to a word, possibly of infinite length.
3D Reconstruction of Neurons in Vaa3D v 3 v3
Authors: Institute for Brain Science Allen
Published: November 2022

This protocol is used to generate accurate digital representations of neuron morphologies from a variety of brain regions and species. Each reconstruction captures the positions and thicknesses of the soma, dendrites and axon of a biocytin-filled cell within a slice of brain tissue. To generate the reconstruction we use an image stack containing ~200-700 serial 2D images that captures the full extent of the cell within the slice. We use the Vaa3D (Terafly) program with a Kazom’s Mozak user interface (Mozak for short) to visualize the 2D images in 3D. Once the stack is loaded in Mozak, our reconstruction is generated by placing nodes in 3D space. The placement of these nodes is dependent on the signal in the images. Our final output, an SWC text file (.swc format), contains many thousand rows. Each row contains a node ID, an x, y, z coordinate, radius value, neurite type, and parent node ID. After tracing is complete, we preform post processing to provide radius values, check for errors and consistency then the SWCs are uploaded into our Laboratory Information Management System. Note: Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U19MH114830. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Digital Evidence Obtained via Video Conferencing Systems
Authors: Ramaldanov Kh. Kh.
Published: November 2022

Modern realities require the development of normative regulation of the current criminal proceedings. It is necessary to ensure that Russian criminal procedure legislation complies with the requirements dictated by the rapid development of information technology and the digitalization of public relations. The author analyzes the provisions of Art. 189.1 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation as a new digital means of proof and identifies potential contentious issues related to the application of this article of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation in practice. Exploring the experience of using videoconferencing in the legal proceedings of foreign countries, such as the Swiss Confederation, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Azerbaijan, the author suggests ways to solve problems associated with the use of videoconferencing in emergency situations, sending an international request for legal assistance, clarification of the procedural status of an official assisting in the performance of investigative actions. The paper presents various opinions of process scientists regarding the effectiveness of the use of videoconferencing systems in the production of investigative actions. The paper focuses on the need to enshrine the format for preserving the results of investigative actions carried out using videoconferencing in order to maintain the uniformity of criminal proceedings in the law or in an interdepartmental by-law.
The strain in the array is mainly in the plane (waves below ∼1 Hz)
Authors: Gomberg J. , Pavlis G. , Bodin P.
Published: November 2022

We compare geodetic and single-station methods of measuring dynamic deformations and characterize their causes in the frequency bands 0.5-1.0 Hz and 4.0-8.0 Hz. The geodetic approach utilizes data from small-aperture seismic arrays, applying techniques from geodesy. It requires relatively few assumptions and a priori information. The single-station method uses ground velocities recorded at isolated or single stations and assumes all the deformation is due to plane-wave propagation. It also requires knowledge of the azimuth and horizontal velocity of waves arriving at the recording station. Data employed come from a small-aperture, dense seismic array deployed in Geyokcha, Turkmenistan, and include seismograms recorded by broadband STS2 and short-period L28 sensors. Poor agreement between geodetic and single-station estimates in the 4.0-8.0 Hz passband indicates that the displacement field may vary nonlinearly with distance over distances of ∼50 m. STS2 geodetic estimates provide a robust standard in the 0.5-1.0 Hz passband because they appear to be computationally stable and require fewer assumptions than single-station estimates. The agreement between STS2 geodetic estimates and single-station L28 estimates is surprisingly good for the S-wave and early surface waves, suggesting that the single-station analysis should be useful with commonly available data. These results indicate that, in the 0.5 to 1.0 Hz passband, the primary source of dynamic deformation is plane-wave propagation along great-circle source-receiver paths. For later arriving energy, the effects of scattering become important. The local structure beneath the array exerts a strong control on the geometry of the dynamic deformation, implying that it may be difficult to infer source characteristics of modern or paleoearthquakes from indicators of dynamic deformations. However, strong site control also suggests that the dynamic deformations may be predictable, which would be useful for engineering seismically resistant structures.
Calculation of broadband time histories of ground motion: Comparison of methods and validation using strong-ground motion from the 1994 Northridge earthquake
Authors: Hartzell Stephen , Harmsen Stephen , Frankel Arthur , Larsen Shawn
Published: November 2022

This article compares techniques for calculating broadband time histories of ground motion in the near field of a finite fault by comparing synthetics with the strong-motion data set for the 1994 Northridge earthquake. Based on this comparison, a preferred methodology is presented. Ground-motion-simulation techniques are divided into two general methods: kinematic- and composite-fault models. Green's functions of three types are evaluated: stochastic, empirical, and theoretical. A hybrid scheme is found to give the best fit to the Northridge data. Low frequencies (< 1 Hz) are calculated using a kinematic-fault model and a 3D finite-difference code to propagate energy through a realistic 3D velocity structure. High frequencies (> 1 Hz) are calculated using a composite-fault model with a fractal subevent size distribution and stochastic, bandlimited, white-noise Green's functions. At frequencies below 1 Hz, theoretical elastic-wave-propagation synthetics introduce proper seismic-phase arrivals of body waves and surface waves. The 3D velocity structure more accurately reproduces record durations for the deep sedimentary basin structures found in the Los Angeles region. At frequencies above 1 Hz, scattering effects become important and wave propagation is more accurately represented by stochastic Green's functions. A fractal subevent size distribution for the composite fault model ensures an ω−2 spectral shape over the entire frequency band considered (0.1-20 Hz).
Aftershocks of an explosively induced mine collapse at White Pine, Michigan
Authors: Scott Phillips W. , Criag Pearson D. , Yang Xiaoning , Stump Brian W.
Published: November 2022

We recorded an explosively induced, 320-m-deep mine collapse and subsequent aftershocks at White Pine, Michigan, using an array of 12 seismic stations, sited within 1 km of surface ground zero. The collapse, which followed the rubblizing of a 2 × 104 m2 panel of a room-and-pillar copper mine, was induced to facilitate leaching operations. The explosions produced little seismic energy; however, fracturing and collapse stages produced large signals that were observed at distances up to 900 km, yielding a magnitude (mbLg) of 2.8. Previous work showed the initial collapse to be an expanding seismic source, interpreted as an opening tensile crack, opposite to the implosional character most often observed for natural mine collapses (Yang et al., 1998). We counted over 4000 aftershocks; their occurrence rate followed the modified Omori law: rate = 560 (time − 0.01)−1.3, with time in hours. Based on P-wave polarities, we identified events of shear-slip, implosional, and tensile character in the aftershock sequence. For shear-slip events, we found stress drops of 1 bar or less, seismic moments of 1015−1017 dyne cm, (Mw−0.8−0.5) and source radii of 10-50 m. Corner frequencies for implosional events were relatively low, an indication that the collapsed cavity played a role in the source process. This caused implosional events to separate from other events in source parameter plots, providing a technique for classifying events of unknown type. We obtained locations of 135 aftershocks using P- and S-wave data. The aftershock zone was less than 100-m thick, situated just above and along the western, mined edge of the collapsed mine panel. Implosional events occurred at the bottom of the active volume, while shear-slip events were distributed throughout. Shear-slip focal mechanisms indicated thrusting along north-striking planes, consistent with the high, eastwest regional compressive stress, coupled with a local decrease in vertical stress. The inferred deficit of vertical stress above the western panel edge following collapse indicated that overburden load shifted preferentially to the surrounding, unmined areas, consistent with lower-than-predicted stresses measured in the first row of intact pillars.
RegionalVp, Vs, Vp/Vs, and Poisson's ratios across earthquake source zones from Memphis, Tennessee, to St. Louis, Missouri
Authors: Catchings R. D.
Published: November 2022

Models of P- and S-wave velocity, Vp/Vs ratios, Poisson's ratios, and density for the crust and upper mantle are presented along a 400-km-long profile trending from Memphis, Tennessee, to St. Louis, Missouri. The profile crosses the New Madrid seismic zone and reveals distinct regional variations in the crustal velocity structure north and south of the latitude of New Madrid. In the south near Memphis, the upper few kilometers of the crust are dominated by upper crustal sedimentary basins or graben with P-wave velocities less than 5 km/sec and S-wave velocities of about 2 km/sec. P-wave velocities of the upper and middle crust range from 6.0 to 6.5 km/sec at depths above 25 km, and corresponding S-wave velocities range from 3.5 to 3.7 km/sec. The lower crust consists of a high-velocity layer (Vp = 7.4 km/sec; Vs ∼4.2 km/sec) that is up to 20-km thick at the latitude of New Madrid but thins to about 15 km near Memphis. To the north, beneath the western-most Illinois basin, low-velocity (Vp < 5 km/sec; Vs < 2.3 km/sec) sedimentary basins are less than 1-km deep. The average velocities (Vp = 6.0 km/sec; Vs = 3.5 km/sec) of the underlying, near-surface rocks argue against large thicknesses of unconsolidated or noncarbonate sediments within 50 km of the western edge of the Illinois basin. Most of the crust beneath the Illinois basin is modeled as one layer, with velocities up to 6.8 km/sec (Vs = 3.7 km/sec) at 37-km depth. The thick, high-velocity (Vp = 7.4 km/sec; Vs ∼4.2 km/sec) lower crustal layer thins from about 20 km near New Madrid to about 6 km beneath the western Illinois basin. Refractions from the Moho and upper mantle occur as first arrivals over distances as a great as 160 km and reveal upper mantle layering to 60 km depth. Upper mantle layers with P-wave velocities of 8.2 km/sec (Vs = 4.5 km/sec) and 8.4 km/sec (Vs = 4.7 km/sec) are modeled at 43 and 60 km depth, respectively. Crustal Vp/Vs ratios range between 1.74 and 1.83, and upper mantle Vp/V s ratios range from 1.78 to 1.84. Poisson's ratios range from about 0.26 to 0.33 in the crust and from about 0.27 to 0.29 in the upper mantle. Modeled average densities range from about 2.55 in the sedimentary basins to 3.43 in the upper mantle. Geophysical characteristics of the crust and upper mantle within the New Madrid seismic zone are consistent with other continental rifts, but the crustal structure of the Illinois basin is not characteristics of most continental rift settings. Seismic and gravity data suggest a buried horst near the middle of Reelfoot rift, beneath which is a vertical zone of seismicity and velocity anomalies. The relative depth of the Reelfoot rift north and south of the Reelfoot graben suggests that the rift and its bounding faults may extend eastward beneath the city of Memphis.
Announcement of “7th International Conference on Applied Research in Agricultural Science, Natural Resources & Environment” Held in Iran
Authors: * Editorial
Published: November 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
Nutrient Interaction and Health Risk Assessment of Cereal Grains on Nigerian’s Markets
Authors: Obasi N.A. , Obasi S.E. , Ajala L.O. , Aloh G.O. , Aloke C. , Ogundapo S.S. , Onyeji G.N.
Published: November 2022

Background: Cereals are the most staple foods in human diet and the main components of the daily diet. This work was designed to determine the level of essential and non-essential elements, the in vitro bioavailability, interrelationship, and associated health risk in consumed cereal grains in Nigeria to assess their safety and wholesomeness.
Methods: The contents of phytate, oxalate, and some major-, trace- and potentially toxic elements were determined in 36 samples of barley, maize, millet, rice, sorghum, and wheat marketed in Nigeria.
Results: The data showed variable significant (p<0.05) levels of elements, phytate, and oxalate in the cereals but they were below European commission maximum permissible limits. Estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of elements in the cereals were all below maximum permissible limits set by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values, though higher in children than adults, were less than one except in wheat and sorghum. The incremental lifetime Cancer Risk (CR) and Total Cancer Risk (TCR) values were below the threshold limit.
Conclusion: This study revealed that barley, maize, millet, rice, sorghum, and wheat available in Nigeria markets contain varying quantities of essential elements, potentially toxic elements, and antinutrients.
Detection of Toxicogenic Molds in Some Legumes Sold in Local Markets of Ho, Ghana
Authors: Kortei N.K. , Agbemeseli P. , Annan T.
Published: November 2022

Background: Legumes are plants that contain edible seeds and belong to the family Leguminosae with varying nutritional benefits to humans and animals. This study aimed to detect and identify toxicogenic molds on some legumes purchased from two local markets in Ho Municipality, Ghana.
Methods: A total of 36 samples, including cowpea (n=9), soybean (n=9), brown bean (n=9), and Bambara bean (n=9) were randomly obtained from 2 local markets in the Volta region of Ghana. Culturing of the legume seeds were done on mycological media using serial dilution technique. Fungal species occurrence was also determined. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used to analyze the data.
Results: Fungal counts on cowpea, soybean, brown beans, and Bambara beans ranged between 1.91 and 2.84 log Colony Forming Units (CFU)/g on both media. There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in the samples from the different vendors. The Moisture Content (MC) ranged between 6.74 and 12.15%, pH ranged between 6.27±0.03-6.53±0.02. A total of 13 fungal species belonging to 7 genera were isolated on SDA and OGYEA media; Aspergillus species (A. niger, A. terreus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. ochraceus, A. parasiticus), Fusarium species (F. oxysporum), Trichoderma harzianum, Rhizopus species (R. stolonifer), Penicillium species (P. digitatum, P. verucosum), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Mucor racemosus were recorded on the legumes.
Conclusion: The presence of some mycotoxigenic fungi in legumes examined in this study showed the potential health hazards in the local people of Ho, Ghana.
Probiotic Properties and Physicochemical Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Moroccan Table Olives
Authors: Issaoui K. El , Senhaji N.S. , Wieme A. , Abrini J. , Khay E.O.
Published: November 2022

Background: Lactic Acid Bacteria are a group of Gram-positive bacteria which are  widely used in the food industry as organic ferments called starter cultures. In this study, Enterococcus faecium, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis, Weissella paramesenteroides, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarumisolated from Moroccan table olives were tested for their acquisition of probiotic and technological properties.
Methods: The 5 strains were previously isolated from table olives in 2017. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) and intergenic space sequencing were used for molecular identification. Following that, probiotic and physicochemical properties were evaluated, including growth at  different pH levels (2, 3, and 10), temperatures (7, 45, and 50 °C), and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations (6.5 and 18% m/v). Antibacterial activity was tested out against Gram-positive and Gram-negatives bacteria.
Results: The 5 strains (E. faecium 168, L. lactis 9, L. plantarum 11, L. mesenteroides 62, and W. paramesenteroides36) showed an ability to grow at low temperatures (7 °C). L. lactis 9 and L. plantarum 11 showed higher acid (pH 2) and salt (18% NaCl) tolerances. In addition, L. lactis 9 and L. plantarum 11 exhibited the highest level of free radical scavenging activity after 48 h of incubation, respectively). L. plantarum 11 and E. faecium 168 showed the highest antibacterial capacity. However, E. faecium 168 and W. paramesenteroides 36 demonstrated better and more rapid acid production capabilities.
Conclusion: L. plantarum 11, E. faecium 168, and W. paramesenteroides 36 were  considered the best candidates as probiotic cultures for further in vivo studies and  functional food product development.
Diagnostic difficulties in local brain lesion in patients with HIV-associated toxoplasmosis
Authors: Maslova L. N. , Kiiashko S. S. , Ivanova N. E.
Published: November 2022

Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread parasitic infection, the activation of which is closely associated with the subsequent immune response. In HIV-infected patients, toxoplasmosis is one of the most common causes of brain damage, causing focal and cerebral symptoms, which can be difficult to diagnose, especially in cases where patients do not inform the doctor about HIV infection. The article presents clinical observations of patients with HIV-associated toxoplasmosis affecting the brain. Diagnostic difficulties arose due to the lack of reliable information about HIV infection in most patients. In the clinical picture, many patients had a multifocal brain lesion, which caused difficulties in recognizing the disease (metastases? encephalitis? Lymphoma?), and with an increase in hypertension-hypertension syndrome, an intracerebral tumor was assumed. To clarify the diagnosis, in case of detected volumetric brain lesions, surgical treatment was required, which was carried out in the volume of a stereotaxic biopsy in the compensated state of patients or emergency surgical intervention in decompensated patients to eliminate the dislocation syndrome.
The Indian River that Flows from Paradise
Authors: Di Serio Chiara
Published: November 2022

In the Jewish Antiquities (I, 1, 3), when paraphrasing the passage of Genesis 2, 10–15, Flavius Josephus notes that the four rivers springing in paradise are the Phison (Φεισὼν), which passes through India and is called Ganges by the Greeks, the Euphrates and Tigris, which flow into the Red Sea, and finally the Geon, which crosses Egypt and is called the Nile by the Greeks. Starting from Josephus’ comments, this research focuses on the various interpretations of the Genesis passage, and in particular on the references to the Phison in the writings of the hellenised Jewish and Christian authors. The contents of these texts show common traits with Greco-Roman sources that describe India as a utopian space outside of history. Therefore, the analysis of the documents reveals how a sequence of texts developed over the centuries, starting from a utopian image of India and reaching a definition of a land close to paradise.
A review of challenges and solutions in adopting a participatory geographical information system for disaster management
Authors: Penki Ramu , Meesala Sai Bhargavi , Tanniru Srinivasarao
Published: November 2022

Disaster management is a critical component in mitigating the impacts of various natural, and other disasters such as floods, cyclones, forest fires, earthquakes, disease spreading etc. The primary aim of disaster management in a specific region is to empower the local neighborhood to higher determine its natural danger instincts and therefore migrate closer to options for lowering that risk. Conventional techniques of disaster management are majorly driven by the quantitative information collected from various events. Some of the recent techniques have used more advanced data-driven and non-linear approaches such as machine learning, and spatial analysis tools such as GIS for making more informed decisions. However, these techniques cannotoften represent the dynamics of demographic units, and event impact in small regions due to a multitude of reasons such as lack of data, equipment, more generalized approaches, etc. Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS) overcomes some of the limitations present in the traditional techniques by incorporating local communities as stakeholders in making various policies, distributing risk information etc. PGIS has been adopted in various fields such as land cover planning, agriculture information systems, data collection systems etc. Other than these applications, the effectiveness of PGIS in disaster management in handling various natural disasters such as floods, cyclones, forest fires, and disease spread has been demonstrated in several studies. However, in manyplaces, PGIS is not yet evolved and its implementation is still at the infancy level due to several reasons. Despite many advantages, PGIS presents many problems comprising insufficient infrastructure, training facilities, engagement and education of the community members towards a combined decision, etc. therefore provision of necessary infrastructure can improve the overall impact of implementing PGIS. Involving the local community and educating them on the right approach for the success of PGIS is a complex task. Further, the conflict of opinions between technical personnel and locals can be another factor that limits the usage. However, from the results of various studies, the advantages of PGIS implementation can outweigh the limitations of implementation.
Monasteries in the system of church authority in the late XVIII – early XX century: based on the materials of the Vologda province
Authors:   Institute of Language, Literature and History Komi SC UB RAS, Kotov P.P.
Published: November 2022

The relationship between Orthodox monasteries and church authorities in the late XVIII – early XX century is considered on the example of numerous materials of the Vologda province. The system of synodal-diocesan institutions, types of monastic monasteries, the number and composition of the brethren, regulation of the number of monastics in the Vologda diocese is characterized. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the development of economic activities in monasteries, the establishment of the level of monastic income and expenses, the evolution of social and charitable activities of monasteries. Both positive and negative influence of the church authorities on all aspects of the life of monasteries has been revealed. The publication is addressed to history researchers, teachers, students, and all those interested in the past of our country and the European North.
Analysis between Vaccination Status and Gender with Level of Confidence to Use of Covid-19 Vaccination in Community
Authors: Wasi Athiya Adibatul , Prayoga Diansanto , Lailiyah Syifaul , Sari Jayanti Dian Eka , Fatah Mohammad Zainal , Rahayu Ajeng Febrianti
Published: November 2022

Background: The cases of Covid-19 in Indonesia continues to increase, various policies have been set by the government to prevent cases increase, one of which is the implementation of the vaccination program. However, there are still people who are hesitant or afraid to COVID-19 vaccination. Based on a survey conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2021, some of the most common reasons for refusing the COVID-19 vaccine are related to vaccine safety (30%); doubts about the effectiveness of the vaccine (22%); distrust of vaccines (13%); concern about side effects such as fever and pain (12%); and religious reasons (8%).Objectives: To Analyze the relationship between vaccination status and gender with level of confidence to use of Covid-19 vaccination in the community.Methods: Observational research using a survey approach, cross-sectional study design. The population is adults who access the Healthy People Mall program in Banyuwangi, with a total sample of 437. Conducted from March to October 2021. Collecting data by studying literature and distributing online questionnaires using google forms. The level of confidence is obtained from the total score of 3 confidence indicators. Processing and analysis of research data using the Chi-square test.Results: 87.8% of females and 82% of males were vaccinated. A significant relationship between the level of confidence to use of the Covid-19 vaccine and vaccination status (P-value = 0.000), and no relationship between the level of confidence to use of the Covid-19 vaccine and gender (P-value = 0.124).Conclusions: The Majority of people who access the Healthy People Mall in Banyuwangi are vaccinated. The proportion of vaccinated, women is higher than men. The variable that has a relationship with the level of confidence in the use of the Covid-19 vaccine is vaccination status, while gender does not have a relationship.
BUDIKDAMBER Sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Potensi Ekowisata Bukit Pertapaan, Desa Bagelenan, Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Haliman Chika Dewi
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Kearifan dan kekayaan kawasan wisata sejarah Bukit Pertapaan menjadikan tempat wisata tersebut sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan menjadi destinasi berbasis ekowisata. Namun, diperlukan adanya terobosan baru yaitu dengan memadukan wisata sejarah dengan agrowisata, mengingat kurang optimalnya pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan potensi yang ada di kawasan wisata tersebut. Konsep BUDIKDAMBER (Budidaya Akuaponik dalam Ember) menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam upaya pengembangan Bukit Pertapaan menjadi kawasan ekowisata. Dimana BUDIKDAMBER memiliki keunggulan diantaranya adalah tidak diperlukan adanya aliran listrik dan lahan yang luas, serta proses budidaya yang sederhana. Dengan demikian BUDIKDAMBER ini sangat cocok untuk diterapkan di kawasan tempat wisata Bukit Pertapaan yang memiliki topografi perbukitan dan tidak rata.Tujuan: Edukasi polikultur BUDIKDAMBER bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran serta kepedulian pengelola dan warga sekitar terkait pentingnya pengembangan potensi ekowisata di kawasan wisata sejarah Bukit Pertapaan.Metode: Dalam pelaksanaannya, edukasi dan sosialisasi terkait pengembangan kawasan wisata Bukit Pertapaan melalui konsep BUDIKDAMBER dilaksanakan melalui seminar online. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan berupa penyerahan prototype BUDIKDAMBER kepada ketua Kelompok Sadar Wisata (POKDARWIS) Bukit Pertapaan untuk selanjutnya dapat dikelola dan dikembangkan pada kawasan Bukit Pertapaan maupun  setiap rumah warga setempat.Hasil: Pengembangan ekowisata di Wisata Bukit Pertapaan, Kecamatan Srengat, Kabupaten Blitar adalah dengan memberikan edukasi mengenai pengembangan potensi desa ekowisata melalui seminar online dengan mengusung tema “Planting Habits, Many Benefits” yang membahas mengenai pembuatan BUDIKDAMBER (Budidaya Akuaponik dalam Ember), yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penyerahan prototype dari konsep BUDIKDAMBER tersebut kepada ketua POKDARWIS.Kesimpulan: Kegiatan sosialisasi dan edukasi terkait BUDIKDAMBER disampaikan melalui seminar online dan publikasi melalui Youtube, serta penyerahan prototype media BUDIKDAMBER. Melalui upaya ini, diharapkan warga sekitar Wisata Sejarah Bukit Pertapaan dan pengelola khususnya dapat menambah pengetahuan, meningkatkan kesadaran dan kepedulian dalam upaya mewujudkan Bukit Peretapaan sebagai destinasi Ekowisata yang nantinya akan sekain membawa dampak positif bagi Bukit Pertapaan maupun masyarakat sekitarnya.
Obedience to Implement Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) on Construction Workers
Authors: Nafista Cynthia
Published: November 2022

Background: The number of work accidents in developing countries such as Indonesia is known to be 4 times higher than industrial countries. The high number of accidents can occur due to the low level of education of workers and minimal work experience, causing unsafe human acts. Personal Protective Equipment is an important component in preventing work accidents for workers, especially in the field of construction services. However, the awareness of construction project workers on the importance of using PPE in Indonesia is still low because the average worker still has a relatively low level of education and minimal work experience.
Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between level of education and work experience with obedience in using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) on construction workers.
Methods: This research is an observational study with a cross sectional design. This study used total sampling as the population and the research sample as many as 62 workers.
Results: The results of the analysis show that the correlation coefficient at the level of education is -0.191 with a negative direction and the coefficient of work experience is 0.068 with a positive direction, which means that there is a very weak relationship between the variables of education level and work experience of workers with compliance with using PPE.
Conclusions: The higher the level of education does not mean compliance in using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is higher and the longer the working period of the worker does not mean the level of compliance in using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is higher.
The Relationship of Individual Characteristics, Benzene Concentration with DNA Degeneration in Car Painting Workshop Workers
Authors: Asih Heningdia Pastika , Abdul Rohim Tualeka
Published: November 2022

Background: A car paint shop is one of the works that use paint as the main working material containing benzene. Benzene is a colorless liquid aromatic compound that is carcinogenic to humans. This compound is classified as a group 1 human carcinogen by the IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer).
Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between individual characteristics and workplace benzene concentrations with DNA degeneration of workers in an automotive paint shop in Kalijudan, Surabaya.
Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design and a quantitative approach. Secondary data from the previous study were collected from 20 respondents, all of whom were paint workers in an auto paint shop. The dependent variable in this study is DNA degeneration and the independent variables are age, body mass index (BMI), number of years working, smoking behavior, and benzene concentration. To analyze the correlation of independent and dependent variables, the chi-square test was used. And then the phi test and Cramer's v are used to analyze the strength of the correlation between the two variables.
Results: Measurements of benzene concentrations in the workplace showed higher mean concentrations than TLV-TWA. As a result of laboratory tests, 13 out of 20 workers showed DNA degeneration. At the same time, the results showed a moderate correlation between BMI and DNA degeneration, and a very weak correlation between benzene concentration at work, individual characteristics (worker age, years of work, and smoking behavior) and DNA degeneration.
Conclusions: This study found no correlation between individual characteristics and workplace benzene concentration with DNA degeneration in Surabaya auto paint shop workers.
 
Keywords: benzene, car painting shop, DNA, individual characteristics
Proses Asuhan Gizi Terstandar pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 dengan Hipertensi: Diet Rendah Karbohidrat, Gula, dan Garam
Authors: Permatasari Erwanda Anugrah , Rachmah Qonita , Arsa Avilla
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 memerlukan asuhan gizi khusus untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah, pemulihan, dan mencukupkan asupan gizi. Terlebih pada kasus pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan hipertensi yang mempengaruhi nafsu makan dan kemampuan untuk mengkonsumsi makanan secara adekuat. Proses asuhan gizi terstandar dilakukan dengan pemberian diet rendah karbohidrat, gula, dan garam untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah dan tekanan darah, serta mencegah penurunan berat badan yang tidak diharapkan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui proses asuhan gizi terstandar pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dengan hipertensi yang menerapkan diet rendah karbohidrat, gula, dan garam.
Metode: Studi kasus dilakukan pada bulan November 2021 pada pasien rawat inap RS X Sidoarjo.
Hasil: Setelah pemberian intervensi gizi, kondisi pasien mulai membaik ditandai dengan sebagian besar asupan telah memenuhi target (>80%), hasil laboratorium biokimia gula darah acak, kreatinin, dan natrium menunjukkan penurunan dan peningkatan menuju nilai normal, namun masih terdapat gejala yang dirasakan meskipun telah mengalami penurunan skala seperti mual, sulit mengunyah, dan BAB.
Kesimpulan: Pada kasus ini, pemulihan kondisi pasien cukup cepat. Nafsu makan dan kemampuan untuk mengkonsumsi makanan membaik secara bertahap ditandai dengan sisa makanan telah memenuhi target (<30%). Secara keseluruhan, intervensi gizi yang diberikan tercapai.
Association of High Calorie Food and Coffee Consumption Pattern, Sleep Duration and Stress Level with Nutritional Status in Final Year Students
Authors: Putri Permata Aprilia
Published: November 2022

Background:The habit of consuming high-calorie foods and drinking coffee with high sugar level  is a habit that many final year students have, which is related with the duration of sleep and the burden of high academic demands that they have, so they are at risk of experiencing nutritional problems that end up affecting their nutritional status such as increasing the risk obesity.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between the habit of drinking coffee and high-calorie foods consumption, sleep duration and stress levels with nutritional status in final year studentsMethods:This research was using a case-control research design. The sample size used in this study was 50 final year students at Faculty of Public Health Universitas Airlangga which were categorized into 2 group with 25 respondent in each group. Sample selected by simple random sampling method. The data obtained were analyzed using the independent t-test, and logistic regression test followed by the received dataResults: The results of this study showed there is relation between the habit of drinking espresso-based coffee (p = 0.000), the frequency of drinking coffee (p = 0.018), the volume of drinking coffee (p = 0.046), the habit of drinking coffee at night (p = 0.008), consumption of high-calorie foods (p=0.000), intake from high-calorie foods [energy (p=0.000), carbohydrates (p=0.000), protein (p=0.000), fat (p=0.002)], nutrient adequacy level from high-calorie foods [energy (p=0.000), carbohydrates (p=0.000), protein (p=0.000), fat (p=0.000)], sleep duration (p=0.048) with nutritional status. However, there was no relation was found between stress level with nutritional status (p=0.646).Conclusions:Obese respondents tend to have a habit of drinking coffee frequently with high sugar content, and often consuming high-calorie foods and having a short sleep duration compared to the non-obese group. But both groups of respondents have moderate levels of stress. Dietary regulation and sleep duration are recommended for respondents in an effort to reduce the risk of obesity
Analysis of the Influence of Motivation Factors on Employee Performance at KMU Gresik Clinic
Authors: Wibowo Pitra aries
Published: November 2022

Background: The level of challenge of an organization with increasing time becomes large, but if later it will not be even greater, then it is certain that it will not follow and will be eaten by time itself or die. As a health facility that focuses mainly on eye and cataract surgery, the Utama Eye Clinic must be able to demonstrate the existence of its organization in responding to these bigger challenges. Now the biggest challenge is the quality of human resources working to reduce the rate of blindness due to cataracts which is increasing every day.Objectives: Analyzing the effect of the relationship between employee motivation on their performance at work at KMU Gresik.Methods: This research is a descriptive analytic study which was conducted using a quantitative cross sectional approach. The statistical test used was the Chi Square test. The number of respondents for filling out the questionnaire was 35 respondents. When the research was conducted in January 2018.Results: The statistical test of this study shows that there is a significant relationship between motivation and employee performance working at KMU Gresik with a correlation value of 15.251 and p-value = 0.000.Conclusions: The influence relationship between employee performance variables and employee motivation variables working at KMU Gresik is very significant, so it is recommended for employee motivation at KMU Gresik to be recognized and improved so that employee performance results increase.
Uji Kandungan Zat Pengawet Formalin pada Buah Impor di Pasar Tradisional Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Zulfatiswada Agista -
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Buah-buahan memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh manusia. Dalam situasi pandemi Covid-19 seperti sekarang tidak salah jika masyarakat mengkonsumsi buah-buahan untuk meningkatkan imunitas. Di era globalisasi fenomena dimana semakin banyak pedagang buah impor baik di pasar tradisional maupun di pasar modern. Buah impor membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama untuk sampai di Indonesia sehingga untuk mempertahankan kualitas tidak sedikit produsen yang menggunakan formalin atau Formaldehyde sebagai bahan dasar pengawet.  Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya kandungan zat pengawet formalin pada buah impor di pasar tradisional Kabupaten Gresik.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengujian kandungan zat pengawet formalin menggunakan tes kit formalin dengan dua kali pengujian. Penelitian hanya fokus pada tiga jenis buah impor yang meliputi buah apel merah, buah apel fuji dan buah anggur merah. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di pasar tradisional A dan pasar tradisional B Kabupaten Gresik.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari enam sampel yang diuji terdapat dua sampel positif yang mengandung formalin dan empat sampel lainnya yang dinyatakan negatif.Kesimpulan: Kedua buah yang positif mengandung formalin yaitu buah apel merah dari New Zeland dan buah anggur merah dari Amerika dimana kedua jenis buah tersebut dibeli di pasar tradisional B Kabupaten Gresik sehingga diharapkan pemerintah lebih memperketat kembali pengawasan masuknya buah impor ke Indonesia dengan tujuan mengantisipasi masuknya buah impor berbahaya yang mengandung formalin.
Peran Kader Dalam Proses Pemberdayaan Pada Kegiatan Desa Siaga Aktif di Desa Ujung Piring, Kramat, Sembilangan dan Kamal Kabupaten Bangkalan
Authors: Skm Zainab
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Pemberdayaan adalah proses pemberian informasi secara terus menerus dan berkelanjutan kepada individu, keluarga, atau kelompok yang dapat membantu berubah dari tidak tahu menjadi tahu atau sadar dan menjadi mau atau mampu melaksanakan apa yang di perkenalkan. Adanya proses pemberdayaan akan membantu peran kader dalam pengembangan Desa Siaga Aktif.
Tujuan: Mengetahui Peran Kader dalam proses pemberdayaan pada kegiatan desa siaga aktif di desa Ujung Piring, Kramat, sembilangan dan desa Kamal Kabupaten Bangkalan.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan wawancara mendalam.
Hasil: Kader Ujung Piring, Kramat, sembilangan dan desa Kamal dalam menjalankan menjalankan perannya dinilai sudah memenuhi harapan. Dalam memberikan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat kader ujung piring, kramat dan sembilangan masih di dampingi oleh bidan desa, Kader desa kamal dalam melakukan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat sudah tidak didampingi oleh bidan desa.
Kesimpulan: Peran kader  sudah cukup baik, namun dalam melaksanakan kegiatan diperlukan dukungan dari berbagai pihak yaitu bidan desa, petugas promosi kesehatan puskesmas, tokoh masyarakat, kepala desa dan masyarakat desa.
Kata kunci: Peran, Kader, Desa Siaga Aktif, Pemberdayaan
Heavy Metal Contamination of Lead (Pb) In Local Food Bilvaves
Authors: Hasanah Nur
Published: November 2022

LatarBelakang: Kekerangan merupakan sumberdaya pangan hayati yang potensial dari wilayah perairan. Kerang menjadi salah satu sumber pangan lokal yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyrakat karna harganya yang terjangkau dan sumber protein alternatif yang bermutu tinggi. Kekerangan dapat mengakumulasi berbagai partikel termasuk logam berat dalam perairan salah satunya timbal. Keberadaan timbal di dalam bahan pangan dengan konsentrasi tinggi dan dalam jangka waktu panjang dapat berdampak pada kesehatan manusia yang mengkonsumsinya.  
Tujuan: Tujuan dari literatur review ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kandungan logam berat timbal dalam kekerangan dan dampak kesehatan bagi yang mengkonsumsinya.
Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan literatur review ini ialah mengulas dari 11 jurnal terpilih yang diambil dari berbagai sumber yaitu Google Scholar, Crossref, Elsevier, Springer dengan kriteria jurnal open acsess dan sesuai dengan topik yang akan dibahas
Ulasan: Hasil telaah dari beberapa artikel menunjukan kandungan timbal yang terdapat dalam kekerangan melebihi ambang batas untuk layak konsumsi berdasar peraturan tentang cemaran logam berat dalam pangan yang telah ditetapkan.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat variasi kandungan logam berat timbal dalam beberapa jenis kerang yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh wilayah perairan tempat kerang didapatkan dengan tingkat pencemaran perairan yang berbeda, untuk itu penting diperhatikan oleh masyarakat tentang frekuensi konsumsi dan cara mengolah kerang sebelum dikonsumsi
Kata kunci: Cemaran logam berat, Timbal dan Kerang
Testing a low-cost approach to giving eRIG for rabies PEP: Ethical issues
Authors: Cash Richard A
Published: November 2022

Ethical concerns in using a lower dose of equine rabies immune globulin (eRIG) to irrigate wounds from dog bites to prevent rabies are discussed. A lower dose of eRIG was used because of a general shortage of eRIG and the high market cost in the Himachal Pradesh state of India. The cost and availability of drugs in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) often necessitates testing a lower dose of a vaccine or treatment than that recommended by international organizations (eg WHO). It raises the issue that recommendations may be designed for higher income countries without taking into consideration issues of supply and cost. Secondly a case-control design to compare dosages or delivery systems is usually not an option so investigators must often use historical data for comparison or other study designs. The ethical issues in the testing of drugs and vaccines in LMIC must be continuously reviewed by the international community.
Challenges facing research ethics in fragile settings
Authors: Abu-Rmeileh Niveen
Published: November 2022

The first time I was introduced to the concept of research ethics was when I started my work as a research assistant at the Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University (ICPH-BZU). I was fascinated by the concept and tried to read as much as I could. While reading the different guidelines and regulations, I felt they were prepared to be implemented in an ideal world without taking into account the local context. With time, the international institutions realised that “one size does not fit all.” Recently, context and topic specific guidelines have emerged.
Resetting outcome targets of community surgery camps: The case of the Chhattisgarh tragedy
Authors: Dutta Amitabh , Nagarajan Shyama , Choudhary Prabhat
Published: November 2022

State-driven community surgery camps have been organised in India for nearly five decades. Despite their being extremely beneficial to people not having ready access to surgical healthcare (SHC), they continue to be mired in controversies because of negative consequences following free surgery, eg blindness following cataract surgery; infection/death following tubectomy/vasectomy. While the onus of complications during and following surgery camps is commonly ascribed to deficient camp infrastructure/facilities; the contribution of the tendency to achieve high-frequency targets, ie to-do-more-surgery-in-less-time to the problem; continues to escape public scrutiny. Ironically, even the significant and multiple morbid events during surgery camps only evoke a transient public outcry, reflective professional criticism, hyper-media whimpers, and legal turbulence; before fading completely from public memory. This viewpoint piece, by taking into consideration the various ethical burdens that assail community surgery camps (13 deaths in the Chhattisgarh tragedy of 2014, as a case in point); aims to deconstruct inadequate SHC systems and conflicted surgery targets seeking promotion and fame. It also suggests remedial measures to address the problems, especially in terms of identifying a valid end-point for successful surgery, ie surgery completion or surgery outcome; and how the media, polity, professional fraternity, and executives could reorient themselves to respond more sensitively to problems, for the benefit of the patients and community at large.