bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KAMU DİPLOMASİSİ ÖRNEĞİ OLARAK RTÜK ÇALIŞTAYLARI: GELECEKLE İLETİŞİM ÇALIŞTAYLARI’NA KATILAN YABANCI UYRUKLU ÖĞRENCİLER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ASLAN Özgür , ÖZTEKİN Ahmet
Published: October 2020

Çalıştaylar aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilen kamu diplomasisi faaliyetlerini ve bu faaliyetlerin çıktılarını ele alan bu çalışmanın amacı, RTÜK tarafından düzenlenen ‘Gelecekle İletişim Çalıştayları’na katılan yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin çalıştaylardan elde ettikleri kazanımlar ve bu kazanımlar çerçevesinde kamu diplomasisi örneği olarak çalıştayların yabancı uyruklu öğrenciler üzerindeki etkisini ölçmektir. RTÜK tarafından gerçekleştirilen farklı çalıştaylar içerisinde hedef kitlesi, sürekliliği ve içeriği nedeniyle diğer çalıştaylardan farklılaşan ‘Gelecekle İletişim Çalıştayları’na katılan yabancı uyruklu öğrenciler, bu çalışmanın örneklemi olarak seçilmiştir.Türkiye’deki farklı üniversitelerin iletişim fakültelerinde eğitimlerine devam eden yabancı uyruklu öğrencileri de hedef kitlesi içerisine dahil eden ‘Gelecekle İletişim Çalıştayları’na katılım sağlayan yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerden bilgi alabilmek için veri toplama aracı olarak anket tercih edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilip ortaya çıkan frekans dağılımları yorumlanmıştır.Anket taraması sonrasında elde edilen verilere bakıldığında, çalıştaya katılan yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin staj, atölye çalışmaları, konferanslar, geziler vb. faaliyetlerle RTÜK başta olmak üzere çalıştayın paydaşları ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti hakkında önemli bilgiler edindikleri; RTÜK, Türkiye, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşları, Türk bürokrasisi ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti hakkındaki düşüncelerinin %64 oranında olumlu yönde değiştiği tespit edilmiştir.
PERUBAHAN PERILAKU GROOMING DAN IMOBILITAS MENCIT BALB/C TERINDUKSI DEPRESI YANG DISUPLEMENTASI TEMPE SEBAGAI SUMBER PARAPROBIOTIK
Authors: Ardianty Vanessa , Manurung Brian Saputra
Published: October 2020

Depression, a mental disorder marked by sadness, anhedonia and increased fatigability, is becoming more common in this industry 4.0 era. Nowadays, depression affects approximately 322 million people around the world (more than 14 million in Indonesia) and gives major contribution to the rise of global burden of disease. Although antidepressant is considered the common treatment for depression, recent studies show a possibility to treat depression by altering gut microbiome of the patient, by giving them probiotic food. Tempeh is a globally well-known Indonesian paraprobiotic food which already proven to modulate gut microbiota. This research aimed to find out the effect of tempeh to depression symptom as expressed in Balb/c mice behaviors. The methods used was to feed tempeh or tempeh starter to mice which were depressed-induced by Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress (UCMS) procedure. Parameter measured were depression level of the Balb/c mice based on immobility times and grooming durations acquired from tail suspension test, forced swim test, sucrose splash test and coat state score. The result showed that tempeh supplementation did not affect coat states and grooming durations but tend to improve immobility times of the Balb/c mice. Meanwhile, tempeh starter supplementation tends to improve the immobility time and kept coat state clean/tidy, but lowered grooming duration. In conclusion, supplementation of paraprobiotic tempeh, especially in starter form, tend to improve depression symptoms.

Keywords: depression, mice, paraprobiotic, tempeh
DESENCOBRIR O SUL, DESFETICHIZAR O PENSAMENTO
Authors: Ramos Junior Dernival Venâncio
Published: October 2020

Neste texto, para situar o que chamo de desencobrir o Sul teórico, relato experiências de pelas quais passei no processo educacional. Tomo-as como ponto de partida para a discussão sobre o deslocamento das biogeografias da razão e, proponho, para isso, que ao ler as teorias pós e descoloniais tenhamos em conta o trabalho social necessário à sua construção realizado por autores, movimentos sociais e políticos do Sul. Do mesmo modo, a partir desse reconhecimento, enraizarmos as universidades nas lutas das comunidades de vida, existência e r’existência.
HISTORIAS DE VIOLENCIA: PENSANDO EL ARTE DE MANERA DECOLONIAL
Authors: Evans Brad , Walsh Catherine
Published: October 2020

Traducción de la entrevista con Lewis R. Gordon,  publicada originalmente en The Los Angeles Review of Books, 3 de junio 2019.
THE FUTURE OF ALIENATION AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF FANONIAN SOCIODIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Miranda Dana
Published: October 2020

The work of the Afro-Martinican psychiatrist and philosopher Frantz Fanon is crucial to understanding the psychological and socio-political causes of disorder. Drawing upon his corpus, this article details the radical potential for disalienation located within his sociodiagnostic method and argues that personal and structural well-being can only be achieved together. This article will also both psychiatric and phenomenological models of depression as experienced by Africana people in order to better illuminate the usefulness of sociodiagnostics.
A Case Series on Critically Ill Pregnant or Newly Delivered Patients with Covid-19, Treated at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm
Authors: El-ahmad (Polcer) Rasha , Pettersson Karin , Jones Elin
Published: October 2020

In this retrospective report we present five cases of critically ill pregnant or newly delivered women positive for Covid-19 admitted to our obstetrical departments at Karolinska University Hospital. They compose 6% of eighty-three pregnant women that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the period March 25 to May 4, 2020. Three patients were at the time of admission in gestational week between 21+4 to 22+5 and treated during their antenatal period, meanwhile the other two were admitted within 1 week postpartum. All of them were in a need of intensive care, one was treated with high flow oxygen therapy, the other four with invasive mechanical ventilation (three with endotracheal intubation and one with extra corporeal membrane oxygenation). Age above thirty, overweight and gestational diabetes are notable factors in the cases presented. At the time of admission, they all presented with symptoms as fever, cough and dyspnea. Chest imaging with computer tomography scan was performed in each case and demonstrated multifocal pneumonic infiltrates in all of them but no pulmonary embolism was confirmed in any. Neither did the echocardiogram indicates any cardiomyopathy. Four of the patients have been discharged from the hospital, with an average of 20 hospital days. One antenatal pregnant woman needed prolonged ECMO therapy, in gestational week 27+3 she went into cardiac arrest, resulting in an urgent c-section on maternal indication. At the time of writing she is still hospitalized. In coherence with other published reports our cases indicate that critically ill pregnant women infected by SARS-Cov-2 may develop severe respiratory distress syndrome requiring prolonged intensive care. The material is limited for conclusions to be taken, more detailed information on symptoms, treatment, and outcomes for pregnant and postpartum women managed in intensive care is therefore needed.
On the Three Laws of Rotationally Supported Galaxies: The Observed Flattening of Rotation Curves, the Baryonic Tully-Fischer Relation and the Mass Discrepancy-acceleration Relation
Authors: Alcauza José
Published: October 2020

In this paper we will find that, according to holographic principle {\cite{Holografico}} and thus considering Universe as the ensemble of $\aleph$ information bits or minimum particles of mass $m_{g}$, the contribution to galactic rotation curves can be due the rest of the visible Universe through a non-local collective gravitational interaction of all particles within the Universe's horizon, as a consequence of which all particles are gravitationally entangled and form a unified statistical ensemble. Therefore, we can to describe this global effect in terms of standard local Newtonian gravity within galaxies for the explanation of flatness galactic rotation curves as a possible alternative to the dark matter or MOND hypothesis. We will find a solution for the baryonic Tully-Fischer relation: $M_{b} = A v_{f}^4 \iff A = \left[a_{0}G \right]^{-1}$ with $a_{0} = \frac{cH_{0}}{2\pi}$, where $H_{0}$ is the Hubble constant at present Time $t_{0}$ and $M_{b}$, $G$ and $c$ are the galaxy baryonic mass, gravitational constant and constant speed of light in vacuum respectively. Also we will find the mass discrepancy-acceleration relation, thus obtaining a possible solution for each of the three laws of rotationally supported galaxies proposed in ({\cite{McGaugh}},{\cite{McGaugh1}}).
The Vent-Lock Protocol: 3D Printing and Testing of A Ventilator Multiplexer to Enhance the Capacity of Treating Patients with COVID-19 
Authors: Xun Helen , Shallal Christopher , Unger Justin , Tao Runhan , Torres Alberto , Vladimirov Michael , Frye Jenna , Singhala Mohit , Horne Brockett , Yesantharao Pooja , Kim Bo Soo , Burke Broc , Montana Michael , Talcott Michael , Winters Bradford , Frisella Margaret , Kushner Bradley , Sacks Justin , Guest James , Kang Sung Hoon , Caffrey Julie
Published: October 2020

Mechanical ventilators are essential to patients who become critically ill from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and shortages have been reported due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We utilized cost-effective, on-demand 3D printing (3DP) technology to produce critical components for a novel ventilator multiplexer system, Vent-Lock, to split one ventilator or anesthesia gas machine between two patients. FloRest, a novel 3DP flow restrictor, provides clinicians control of tidal volumes and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), using the 3DP manometer adaptor to monitor pressures. We tested the ventilator splitter circuit in simulation centers between artificial lungs and used an anesthesia gas machine to successfully ventilate two swines. As one of the first studies to demonstrate splitting one anesthesia gas machine between two swines, we present proof-of-concept of a de novo, closed, multiplexing system, with flow restriction for individualized patient therapy. Our studies underscore that while possible, ventilator multiplexing is a complicated synergy between machine settings, circuit modification, and patient monitoring. Consequently, ventilator multiplexing is reserved only as a last emergency resource, by trained clinicians and respiratory therapists with ventilator operative experience.
Information Processing of Health Warning Messages on Cigarette Packs Among Young Iranian Smokers: An Application of Elaboration Likelihood Model
Authors: Shahi Fatemeh , Pourrazavi Sara , Kouzekanani Kamiar , Jafarabadi Mohammad Asghari , Allahverdipour Hamid
Published: October 2020

Background: One of the major smoking prevention strategies has been to educate the public and increase people’s awareness, using health warning messages. However, many young people continue smoking without paying attention to health risk messages on cigarette packets in Iran. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the processing route of anti-smoking messages and influencing cognitive factors by using the Elaboration Likelihood Model.Methods: The non-probability sample for the cross-sectional study consisted of 387 smokers in the age range of 18 to 30 years old in Tabriz, Iran. A researcher-designed questionnaire was used for the purpose of data collection. No causal inferences were drawn due to the non-experimental nature of the study.Results: It was found that smokers often processed warning messages through the central route. Perceived severity, smoking abstinence self-efficacy, and psychological dependence were predictors of message processing through the central route. The results supported the conceptual model of cognitional predictors of the processing route.Conclusions: To design and execute effective health warning messages to quit smoking, it is recommended to consider cognitive factors as a means to enhance critical thinking about the content of the message.
Decreasing the leakage of continuous femoral nerve catheter fixation using 2 - octyl cyanoacrylate glue (Demabond®): A Randomized Controlled Trial study
Authors: Chalacheewa Theerawat , Arnuntasupakul Vanlapa , Sangkum Lisa , Buachai Rungrawan , Chanvitayapongs jiravud
Published: October 2020

Background: Continuous peripheral nerve catheters (CPNCs) have been used for postoperative pain relief. A common problem encountered with CPNCs is pericatheter leakage which can lead to dressing adhesive failure. Frequent dressing changes increase the risk of catheter dislodgement and infections. Adhesive glue is effective in securing peripheral nerve catheter and decreasing leakage around the catheter insertion site. This study is aimed to evaluate the incidence of pericatheter leakage by using fixation with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate glue (Demabond®) compared to sterile strip.Methods: Thirty patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with continuous femoral nerve catheter for postoperative analgesia were randomized to catheter fixation with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate glue (Demabond®) group or sterile strip group. The primary outcome was the incidence of pericatheter leakage. Secondary outcomes included: frequent of catheter displacement, difficulty of catheter removal, pain score and patient satisfaction.Results: The incidence of pericatheter leakage at 24 and 48 hours was 0% versus 93% and 0% versus 100% in the Demabond and sterile strip group, respectively (P < 0.001). The incidence of displacement at 24 and 48 hours was 6.7% versus 93.3% and 6.7% versus 100%, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no difference in numeric rating scale, difficulty of catheter removal as well as satisfaction scores between groups.Conclusion: Catheter fixation with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate glue (Demabond®) decreased the incidence of pericatheter leakage as well as catheter displacement over 48 hours when compared to sterile strip fixation.
Determining the Spatial and Risk Heterogeneity in HIV Prevalence among IDUs in India: Analysis Based on the Data from Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS), 2014-15
Authors: Aridoss Santhakumar , David Joseph , Jaganathasamy Nagaraj , Mathiyazhakan Malathi , Balasubramanian Ganesh , Natesan Manikandan , Padmapriya V.M. , Kumar Pradeep , Rajan Shobini , Arumugam Elangovan
Published: October 2020

Background: Spatial and risk-related heterogeneity among high-risk HIV populations marks the prevalence, dynamics, and management of HIV. Identifying the spatial heterogeneity of disease prevalence and risk heterogeneity at a specific location is crucial for fine-tuning the strategic interventions. On this background, we analysed the behavioural data and HIV prevalence of IDUs, in a state-specific manner. Objectives: To structure the IDU population based on their risk of infection and location, and to determine the HIV prevalence for each of the IDU subpopulation based on their spatial distribution and risk profile. Methods: We analysed the behavioural data and HIV prevalence obtained from the National Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS), a nationwide cross-sectional community-based study conducted in 2014-2015. We included the data obtained from 19,902 IDUs across 53 domains in 29 states of India for analysis. We grouped the IDUs into different categories, based on their risk profile, and analysed the corresponding HIV prevalence among IDUs in each category for all states. Results: State-specific analysis of HIV prevalence among the IDUs exhibiting safe and high-risk characteristics revealed that the HIV prevalence was the highest in Uttar Pradesh irrespective of the risk-structure of the state. HIV infection was highly prevalent in the Central and most Northern states, and in a few East and North-Eastern Indian states. HIV Prevalence was predominantly higher among those IDUs self-reporting presence of at least one STI symptom, following unsafe injecting practices, IDUs with inconsistent condom usage with sexual partners (other than regular partners), and those with inadequate knowledge of HIV /AIDS. Conclusion: Stratified, region-specific interventions based on geographic risk-structure and combination-approaches are recommended to prevent HIV transmission among IDUs. Implementing measures to generate adequate awareness of STI, HIV, and injecting behaviours, specifically among IDUs in the Central and Northern states of India and advocating safe sexual practises among all IDUS will have a positive impact on HIV prevention measures among IDUs.
Incidence and Impact of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in COVID-19
Authors: Zhou Xianghui , Cheng Zhipeng , Luo Lili , Zhu Ying , Lin Wenyi , Ming Zhangyin , Chen Wei , Hu Yu
Published: October 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel infectious disease, with significant morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis is to evaluate the prevalence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in COVID-19 patients and to determine the association of DIC with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19.Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database until August 12, 2020. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software.Results: 15 studies were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that the incidence of COVID-19 patients developing DIC was 4% (95%: 2%-5%, P<0.001). In addition, DIC was more likely to occur in the death group (Log OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.58-3.21, P<0.001) with statistical significance.Conclusions: DIC is associated with the severity and poor prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Therefore, attention should be paid to coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Monitoring of coagulation indicators may improve the prognosis of COVID-19 inpatients.
Relationship between dietary factors and recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Kaiyuan , Zhou Chongchong , Huang Fan , Duan Ning , Wang Yanyi , Zheng Lichun , Wang Xiang , Wang Wenmei
Published: October 2020

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a common oral mucosal disorder characterized by chronic, inflammatory, and ovoid ulcers, has a complex aetiology. The purpose of the study was to investigate the specific dietary factors influencing the prevalence of RAS.Methods: A total of 754 participants aged 18 to 59 years in Nanjing were enrolled in this descriptive cross-sectional study. An anonymous questionnaire was adopted to investigate the distribution of RAS, dietary factors, self-reported trigger factors, and therapeutic methods.Results: Among all participants, the prevalence rate of RAS was 21.4%. The univariable analysis suggested fruits, dairy products, vegetables, and drinking water, but not fried foods, fermented foods, spicy foods, and eggs, as preventive factors of RAS. After adjusting for age and sex, multivariable regression analysis suggested fruits (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = .430, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [.218-.847], p = .015) and drinking water (aOR = .294, 95% CI = [.119-.726], p = .008) as protective factors of RAS. Conclusion: This study suggests that consumption of fruit and drinking water is negatively associated with RAS and dietary factors play an important role in RAS development. These results imply a potential adjunctive and complementary role of food in RAS treatment and some potential, simple, and feasible means for RAS prevention.
Root caries experience among older adults in a country with long term systemic water fluoridation
Authors: Mittal Rakhi , Wong Mun Loke , Allen Patrick Finbarr
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore dental caries experience in older Singaporeans (60-90 years old), a country with over 60 years of water fluoridation, and to examine what risk factors contribute to prevalence of oral disease, in particular root caries, and to assess the impact of service utilisation on treatment of root caries.Methodology500 community dwelling older adults, aged 60 years and above were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed a survey which included questions related to demographics (e.g. age, gender, ethnicity, education level) self-rated oral health, oral health attitudes and frequency of dental visits. A clinical examination recorded details of decayed, missing and filled teeth; stimulated saliva flow was also measured. The main outcome of this study was prevalence of decayed and filled root surfaces (DFRS) of older adults, categorised as “low” [DFRS ≤3] and “high” [DFRS >3]. The regression models were controlled for age, gender, ethnicity, education, marital status, housing type, oral health related factors and salivary parameters. Results84.2% of the participants ethnicity was Chinese and 15.2% were Non-Chinese. The mean DFRS score was [Mean (SD), 3(3.5)], decayed [Total (Mean), 68(13.6)] and filled [Total (Mean), 287 (57.4)]. In bivariate analysis, age, ethnicity, education, dental visits, recession, restored coronal surfaces and oral health attitude were found to be significantly associated with DFRS. In final multivariate model it was found that age, ethnicity, education, pattern of dental visits, gingival recession/periodontal attachment loss and number of restored coronal surfaces are independent predictors of root caries experience in older adults. The selected risk factors in the final model explained about 20% of the variation.ConclusionHigher education and awareness increase dental care utilization which corresponds to a high filled (F) component of DFRS. Previous coronal caries experience and gingival recession/attachment loss are risk indicators of higher root caries experience.
Practical Clinical and Radiological Models to Diagnose COVID-19 on Chest CT in a French Multicentric Emergency Population
Authors: Schuster Paul , Crombé Amandine , Nivet Hubert , Berger Alice , Pourriol Laurent , Favard Nicolas , Chazot Alban , Alonzo-Lacroix Florian , Youssof Emile , Cheikh Alexandre Ben , Balique Julien , Porta Basile , Petitpierre François , Bouquet Grégoire , Mastier Charles , Bratan Flavie , Bergerot Jean-François , Thomson Vivien , Banaste Nathan , Gorincour Guillaume
Published: October 2020

Our aim was to develop practical models built with simple clinical-radiological features to facilitate COVID-19 diagnosis. To do so, 513 consecutive adult patients suspected of having COVID-19 from 15 emergency departments from 03/13/2020 to 04/14/2020 were included (244 [47.6%] with a positive RT-PCR). Chest CTs were immediately and prospectively analysed by on-call teleradiologists (OCTR) and systematically reviewed within one week by another senior teleradiologist. Each OCTR reading was concluded using a 5-point scale: normal, non-infectious, infectious non-COVID-19, indeterminate and highly suspicious of COVID-19. The senior reading reported the lesions’ semiology, distribution, extent and differential diagnoses. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression (Step-LR) and classification tree (CART) models to predict a positive RT-PCR were trained on 412 patients, validated on an independent cohort of 101 patients and compared with the OCTR performances (295 and 71 with available clinical data, respectively). Regarding models elaborated on radiological variables alone, best performances were reached with the CART model (i.e., AUC=0.92 versus 0.88 for OCTR) while step-LR provided the highest AUC with clinical-radiological variables (0.93 versus 0.86 for OCTR). Hence, these two simple models, depending on the availability of clinical data, could be used by any radiologist to support their conclusion in case of COVID-19 suspicion.
Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders in Females With Turner Syndrome: A Population-based Study
Authors: Avdic Hanna Björlin , Butwicka Agnieszka , Nordenström Anna , Almqvist Catarina , Nordenskjöld Agneta , Engberg Hedvig , Frisén Louise
Published: October 2020

Background: Turner syndrome is the result of a missing X chromosome, partially or completely, in phenotypic girls. This can cause an array of medical and developmental difficulties. The intelligence quote has previously been described as uneven but considered within normal range. Although a social, intellectual and psychiatric profile is described in females with Turner syndrome, it is unclear to what extent they meet the clinical criteria for neurodevelopmental or psychiatric diagnoses. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in females with Turner syndrome. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed with a total of 1392 females with Turner syndrome identified through the Swedish National Patient Register and compared with 1:100 age- and sex matched controls from the general population. The association between Turner syndrome and diagnoses of neurodevelopmental and/ or psychiatric disorders were calculated using conditional logistic regression and is presented as estimated risk (Odds ratio, OR, 95% Confidence interval, CI) in females with Turner syndrome compared with matched controls. Results: Females with Turner syndrome had higher risk of any neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorder (OR 1.37, 95% Cl 1.20-1.57), an eightfold (OR 8.59, 95% CI 6.58-11.20) increased risk of intellectual disability and a fourfold (OR 4.26, 95% CI 2.94-6.18) increased risk of autism spectrum disorder compared with the controls. In addition, females with Turner syndrome had an increased risk of a diagnosis of psychotic disorders (OR 1.98, 95% Cl 1.36-2.88), eating disorders (OR 2.03, 95% Cl 1.42-2.91) and behavioral disorders (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.35-2.99). Conclusions: Females with TS have an increased risk of being diagnosed with any neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorder. This warrants extensive assessment of intellectual and cognitive functions from early ages and increased psychiatric vigilance should be a part of lifelong healthcare for females with TS.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Plasmodium Falciparum in Nigeria: Insights From Microsatellites Loci Analysis
Authors: Ajogbasile Fehintola Victoria , Kayode Adeyemi T. , Akano Kazeem O. , Oluniyi Paul E. , Uwanibe Jessica N. , Adegboyega Benjamin B. , Philip Courage , John Oluwagboadurami G. , Eromon Philomena J. , Emechebe George , Finimo Finimo , Ogbulafor Nnenna , Jiya Nma , Okafor Uche , Ambe Jose , Wammanda Robinson D. , Oguche Stephen , Mokuolu Olugbenga A. , Sowunmi Akintunde , Folarin Onikepe A. , Happi Christian T.
Published: October 2020

BackgroundMalaria remains a public health burden especially in Nigeria. To develop new malaria control and elimination strategies or refine existing ones, understanding parasite population diversity and transmission patterns is crucial. MethodsIn this study, we characterized parasite diversity and structure of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from 633 dried blood spot samples in Nigeria, using 12 microsatellite loci of P. falciparum. These microsatellites were amplified via semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fragments were analyzed using GeneMapper and GENALEX 6.5.ResultsEstimates of parasite diversity such as Mean complexity of infection (range: 1.71-2.66) and Expected heterozygosity (range: 0.76-0.82) were high, while parasite population sub-structuring was low (Analysis of molecular variance= 0.039, Fixation index= 0.038 and Linkage disequilibrium= 0.0219). Conclusion We conclude that the high level of genetic diversity and low population structuring in this study suggests that parasite populations circulating in Nigeria are homogenous. This implies that a uniform control strategy will be effective across the six geographical zones of Nigeria. The results obtained can be used as a baseline for parasite diversity and structure, aiding in the formulation of appropriate therapeutic and control strategies in Nigeria.
Gut Microbiome Analysis Reveals Characteristics Decrease in Bifidobacterium Count in the Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Sattar Muzammal , Anwar Haseeb , Sohail Muhammad Umar , Ahmad Irshad , Faisal Muhamm Naeem , Kamran Zahid , Asmakh Maha Al
Published: October 2020

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an idiopathic metabolic disorder in epidemic phase. The current study examines the gut microbiome of diabetic (Diab), diabetic with secondary complications (DSC), and healthy control (HC) subjects enrolled at the district hospital, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The study groups were characterized based on serum glucose and insulin concentrations and the subject's clinical history. Serum IgM, leptin, and amylin concentrations were determined using ELISA. The stool microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq. Results: Serum IgM, leptin, and amylin concentrations were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the Diab and DSC groups compared with the HC group. Results: No statistical differences were observed in microbiome composition and diversity at community levels as evaluated by alpha (Kruskal–Wallis p = 0.16) and beta (PERMANOVA p = 0.41) diversity indexes. Firmicutes (51.2%), Proteobacteria (14.9%), Actinobacteria (12.5%), and Bacteroidetes (7.8%) were the predominant bacterial phyla present in the stool microbiome of the study population. However, no differences (p ≥ 0.05) in phylum-level taxonomic composition were observed between the study groups. At genus level, Coprococcus and Ruminococcus from phylum Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium from phylum Actinobacteria were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05) between the study groups. Bifidobacterium and Coprococcus were higher in the HC group, whereas Ruminococcus was higher in the DSC group. Conclusions: Taken together, in the present study, we report the gut microbiome of diabetic patients, which has specific taxonomic characteristics associated with the incidence and progression of diabetes.
The Autonomy Measurement Index on Indonesian Solar Power Plant 
Authors: Thamrin Suyono , Ambarwati Rita , Marendra Muhamad Rifqy Arya
Published: October 2020

Background: Energy autonomy refers to the guaranteed energy availability by maximizing domestic potential. The success of the energy autonomy target requires dimensions of indicators for measurement, assessment, and evaluation. The purpose of the study is to determine the autonomy of Solar Power Plant management in Indonesia through indexing and to develop improvement strategies for management autonomy located in Jakarta, Bandung, and Yogyakarta. Methods: This research applied qualitative methods. The data from the informants were collected to obtain management autonomy measures that used scores and weights. A Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities and Threats matrix analysis establishes a strategy to increase autonomy. Results: The results showed that the value of the management autonomy index score was 2.79 ((from a maximum scale of 4.00), which was reasonable enough and equivalent to level three in the Capability Maturity Model. This level shows the capability to define the running process. It requires two steps of improvement or a strategy to achieve the optimal level, being able to perform process optimization for autonomy management (level 5). Based on the matrix analysis results, the appropriate approach is a strategy that improves weaknesses by maximizing opportunities in a quadrant III turn ground. Conclusios: The strategy was done by developing policies to enhance solar power plant stakeholder synergy in Indonesia and facilitate technology transfer to international solar power plant component producers. Autonomy in the management and control of solar power plants is essential so that there is no disruption on energy security in Indonesia. This study recommends evaluating or measuring the autonomy index for other energy sectors, especially to support the achievement of the energy mix target, which in turn aims to increase national energy autonomy and security.
Mental Health of Medical Workers in Japan during COVID-19: Relationships with Loneliness, Hope and Self-Compassion
Authors: Kotera Yasuhiro , Ozaki Akihoko , Miyatake Hirotomo , Tsunetoshi Chie , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Tanimoto Tetsuya
Published: October 2020

The current pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has negatively impacted medical workers’ mental health in many countries including Japan. Although research identified poor mental health of medical workers in COVID-19, protective factors for their mental health remain to be appraised. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate relationships between mental health problems, loneliness, hope and self-compassion among Japanese medical workers, and compare with the general population. Online self-report measures regarding those four constructs were completed by 142 medical workers and 138 individuals in the general population. T-tests and multiple regression analysis were performed. Medical workers had higher levels of mental health problems and loneliness, and lower levels of hope and self-compassion than the general population. Loneliness was the strongest predictor of mental health problems in the medical workers. Findings suggest that Japanese medical workplaces may benefit from targeting workplace loneliness to protect staff mental health from the current crisis.
The COVID-19 Lab Score: An Accurate Dynamic Tool to Predict In-Hospital Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Muiños Pablo J. Antunez , Otero Diego López , Amat-Santos Ignacio J. , Pais Javier López , Aparisi Alvaro , Antonio Carla E. Cacho , Catalá Pablo , Ferrero Teba González , Cabezón Gonzalo , García Oscar Otero , Gil José Francisco , Poza Marta Pérez , Candela Jordi , Rojas Gino , Ramos Víctor Jiménez , Veras Carlos , Román J. Alberto San , González-Juanatey José R.
Published: October 2020

Purpose: Deterioration is sometimes unexpected in SARS-CoV2 infection. The aim of our study is to establish laboratory predictors of mortality in COVID-19 disease which can help to identify high risk patients.Methods: All patients admitted to hospital due to Covid-19 disease were included. Laboratory biomarkers that contributed with significant predictive value for predicting mortality to the clinical model were included. Cut-off points were established, and finally a risk score was built. Results: 893 patients were included. Median age was 68.2 years(CI 95% 53.0-83.4). 87(9.7%) were admitted to Intensive Care Unit(ICU) and 72(8.1%) also needed mechanical ventilation support. 171(19.1%) patients died. A Covid-19 Lab score ranging from 0 to 30 points was calculated on the basis of a multivariate logistic regression model in order to predict mortality with a weighted score that included haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, creatinine, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer. Three groups were established. Low mortality risk group under 12 points, 12 to 18 were included as moderate risk, and high risk group were those with 19 or more points. Low risk group as reference, moderate and high patients showed mortality OR 4.75(CI95% 2.60-8.68) and 23.86(CI 95% 13.61-41.84), respectively. C-statistic was 0-85(0.82-0.88) and Hosmer-Lemeshow p-value 0.63.Conclusion: Covid-19 Lab score can very easily predict mortality in patients at any moment during admission secondary to SARS-CoV2 infection. It is a simple and dynamic score, and it can be very easily replicated. It could help physicians to identify high risk patients to foresee clinical deterioration.
Uso da tecnologia no enfrentamento à pandemia da COVID-19:
Authors: Pereira Fernandes João Gustavo , Santos Silva Brenda Eva , Menoncini Cláudia , Dos Santos Rabello Renata , Da Silva Shana Ginar , Teixeira Borges Daniela
Published: October 2020

Com a pandemia do novo coronavírus, surge a necessidade de disseminar informações confiáveis sobre a COVID-19 e suas implicações aos profissionais da saúde. Nessa perspectiva, os docentes e acadêmicos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul elaboraram vídeos informativos sobre a COVID-19 para profissionais que atuam no enfrentamento da pandemia na Atenção Primária dos municípios pertencentes a 6ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul. Os vídeos foram baseados em materiais disponibilizados pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e Ministério da Saúde. Percebeu-se que levar essas informações foi de extrema importância, pois facilitou o acesso rápido e confiável, contribuindo para a boa prática de saúde mental e atualizações a respeito do Protocolo de Manejo Clínico do Coronavírus na Atenção Primária à Saúde. O sucesso do enfrentamento à COVID-19, o futuro do Sistema Único de Saúde e a saúde dos brasileiros também dependem dessas ações.
DEMERCAPTANISION OF PETROL AND PETROL REFINARY PRODUCTS AS AN ENVIROMENT PROTECTION METHOD
Authors:   Mining and Metallurgical Institute of Tajikistan, Mavlonov Manon , Mavlonova Zainura M. ,   Institute of Economics and Trade, Tajik State University of Commerce
Published: October 2020

This article studies the demercaptanision of petrol and petrol refinery products as an environment protection method. The reactions of sulfur, hydrogen sulfide and organosulfur compounds in oil and oil products with iron carbonyls were studied. Their reactivity was analyzed. A method was developed for the preparation of iron dodecacarbonyl based on the amine salt of undecacarbonyl hydridotriferrate followed by acidification. The results obtained can be the basis of the chemical technology for demercaptanization of oil and oil products as an environment protection method.
On skin breakdown voltage
Authors:   South Ural state University (national research University), Sidorov Alexander I.
Published: October 2020

The article deals with one of the complex issues that affect the protective properties of a person when exposed to electric current, namely, the voltage that causes the skin breakdown. The value of voltage that causes the skin breakdown defines the concept of low voltage. Therefore, the justification of this value is required to ensure safety when operating electric receivers in conditions of high and special hazards. Based on the literature data, experimental studies, normative and technical documents, the concept of "low voltage" was changed with the regulation of voltage values for both alternating and direct currents. The changes were added to the regulatory and technical documents to prevent electric disturbances when using various electric receivers used by the staff, including those that lack electricity knowledge
Nombramiento de prácticas relacionadas con requisitos no funcionales en el proceso de desarrollo de software
Authors: Zapata Jaramillo Carlos Mario
Published: October 2020

En ingeniería de software, es usual hablar de prácticas a diferentes niveles, como grupos de actividades que se repiten y que entregan buenos resultados con su uso. Los requisitos no funcionales (entendidos como restricciones en los servicios o funciones del sistema) también tienen prácticas asociadas. Sin embargo, existen formas de nombramiento que no permiten generar un consenso alrededor de dichas prácticas, pues se utilizan productos de trabajo, restricciones, descripciones y otros elementos que impiden reconocer la práctica y su uso. Por ello, en este artículo se nombra un conjunto de prácticas sobre requisitos no funcionales a partir de su descripción en la literatura y tomando en consideración los elementos que requiere el buen nombramiento. Se espera que este conjunto de prácticas de requisitos no funcionales sirva como punto de partida para la representación detallada en estándares gráficos que se definan para ese fin.
Impact of corporate governance mechanisms on financial reporting quality: a study of Indian GAAP and Indian Accounting Standards
Authors: A. Almaqtari Faozi , Abdullah Hashed Abdulwahid , Shamim Mohd , M. Al-ahdal Waleed
Published: October 2020

The present study examines the impact of corporate governance mechanisms on financial reporting quality under Indian GAAP and Indian Accounting Standards (Ind. AS). A sample of 97 companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange is selected. Corporate governance mechanisms have been considered as independent variables, and financial reporting quality is the dependent variable. Corporate governance is measured by board effectiveness (board size, independence, diligence, and expertise), audit committee attributes (size, independence, diligence, and expertise), foreign ownership, and audit quality. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and OLS regression are conducted to estimate the results. The study results reveal that board characteristics and audit committee attributes, except for audit committee diligence, have a significant effect on financial reporting quality. However, the impact of board diligence and audit committee attributes is negative. Foreign ownership has no contribution to financial reporting quality, but audit quality has a significant effect. The findings of the study have considerable implications for regulators, policymakers, managers, investors, analysts, and academicians. More emphasis should be given to compliance with Ind. AS, and an oversight body for compliance with Ind. AS should be established. AcknowledgmentThis publication was supported by Deanship of Scientific Research, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
Periodontal Cerrahi Öncesi Bilgisayar Yardımlı Görsel Bilgilendirmenin Dental Korkuya Etkisi
Authors: USLU Mustafa Özay , BOZKURT Esra
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Dental anksiyete, diş hekimliği pratiklerine bağlı özel streslerin hastada oluşturduğu yanıttır. Bu çalışmada, operasyon öncesinde periodontal işlemler hakkında yalnızca sözel bilgilendirme veya hem sözel hem bilgisayar yardımlı ayrıntılı görsel bilgilendirme yapılan hastalarda dental anksiyete düzeyini Dental Korku Skalası (DKS) ve Durumluk–Sürekli Anksiyete Envanteri (DSAE) ile değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya İnönü Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Periodontoloji Anabilim Dalı’nda cerrahi işlem planlanan 114 hasta dahil edildi. Sosyodemografik özelliklere, sistemik ve periodontal sağlık durumlarına, diş hekimine gitme sıklığına, geçmiş dental tedavi deneyimlerine ve periodontiste geliş nedenlerine dair hasta verileri kaydedildi. Çalışmaya katılan hastaların dental anksiyetesi DKS ile ölçüldü. DSAE hastaların anksiyete seviyelerinin belirlenmesinde kullanıldı. Kontrol grubu yalnızca sözel olarak bilgilendirilen hastalardan, çalışma grubu ise hem sözel hem bilgisayar yardımlı ayrıntılı görsel bilgilendirme yapılan hastalardan oluştu.

Bulgular: Kontrol grubu 59 (%51,7), çalışma grubu 55 (%48,2) hastadan oluştu. DKS değerleri 14–19 (n=20) yaş grubunda 20–29 (n=37) yaş grubuna ve 50–59 (n=9) yaş grubuna kıyasla (p=0,026; p<0,05), ve kadınlarda erkeklere kıyasla (p=0,036; p>0,05) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı biçimde daha yüksek bulundu. Gruplar arasında DSAE-II değeri bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmazken (p>0,01), çalışma grubunun DSAE-I ve DKS değerleri kontrol grubuna kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı biçimde daha yüksekti (p<0,01).

Tartışma ve Sonuç: Bilgilendirme derecesi arttıkça hastaların anksiyete skorlarının da arttığı görülmüştür. Klinisyenler, hastalara verdikleri bilgilerin hastaların kaygı seviyelerini nasıl değiştirebileceğinin farkında olmalıdırlar.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ÁGUA POTÁVEL: A AÇÃO DA OPERAÇÃO PIPA NO CURIMATAÚ PARAIBANO
Authors: Farias Thiago da Silva , Carvalho Neto João  Filadelfo de , Vianna Pedro Costa Guedes
Published: October 2020

A água sempre apresentou grande importância para as populações, principalmente para as residentes em áreas de escassez, onde as estiagens e secas são comuns. As regiões secas são marcadas por aspectos físicos e naturais que ocasionam aridez em sua paisagem. Essa preocupação com os recursos hídricos torna-se crescente, frente ao contexto de mudanças ambientais. O Semiárido brasileiro, onde situa-se o Curimataú Paraibano, é o exemplo nacional de zonas secas. Ao longo da história, essa região tem recebido ações do Estado brasileiro que possibilitaram a disponibilização e o atendimento da oferta de água, através de políticas hídricas como a açudagem, as tecnologias sociais hídricas, exemplificadas pelas cisternas de placa, e, foco desta pesquisa, a Operação Pipa (OP). A metodologia empregada foi à análise espacial e cartográfica, o qual utilizou as informações do Comando Militar do Nordeste, referentes à OP e através das geotecnologias, foram criados mapas temáticos que subsidiaram a análise. Os resultados obtidos indicam que todos os municípios da região recebiam as ações da OP. Ao todo 1.283 pontos de atendimento eram abastecidos por 154 carros-pipa, que captavam água de quatro mananciais e utilizavam 33 rodovias principais e 763 rodovias rurais, atendendo um total de 57.482 habitantes.
Facile Synthesis of (E)-5-Styrylpyrimidines via Wittig Reaction Using So-dium Tripolyphosphate in Water
Authors: Patel Anilkumar S. , Gandhi Sahaj A. , Modh Rajesh D. , Patel Urmila H. , Naliapara Yogesh T. , Kapuriya Naval P.
Published: October 2020

An inexpensive and eco-friendly Wittig olefination protocol has been developed to prepare novel (E)-5-styrylpy-rimidines. The reaction of pyrimidine phosphonium ylide with different aryl/hetero-aryl aldehydes underwent smoothly in the presence of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) in aqueous condition giving (E)-5-styrylpyrimidines (10a-t) in very high yields (77-96 %).
Important Role of Relaxation Techniques in Immune Functions, Glycemic Control, and Stress in Diabetic Patients with COVID-19: A Review
Authors: Mohamed Ayman A. , Alawna Motaz
Published: October 2020

Background:

COVID-19 is a world disaster. The relationship between COVID-19 and
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is double-faced because DM is considered one of the COVID-19 key risk
factors causing an increase in COVID-19 related conditions and death rates; at the same time, high
stress in patients with COVID-19 can lead to the occurrence of DM. This relationship adversely affects
immune functions. Relaxation techniques have been demonstrated to positively affect immune
functions, glycemic control, and stress levels.

Methods:

A search in Scopus, Web of Science, Medline databases, and EBSCO has been made.
The search included clinical trials and systematic and literature reviews on the effects of relaxation
techniques on immune functions, glycemic control, and stress levels.

Results:

This review found that relaxation techniques produce short-term effects on decreasing
stress levels through autonomic regulation, controlling glycemic control through decreasing hyperglycemia,
and increasing immune functions through increasing immune cells and immunoglobins A.

Conclusion:

This review summarizes the important role of performing regular relaxation techniques
in COVID-19 patients with DM. Relaxation techniques benefit diabetic patients with
COVID-19 through decreasing stress levels, better controlling of glycemic control, and increasing
immune functions.
COVID-19: A Therapeutic Approach Based on Pathophysiological Staging
Authors: Domingo Ribas Christian
Published: October 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is a recently emerging problem. This has caused that the knowledge of the disease has been progressive and, therefore, the therapeutic decisions have been conditioned by this lack of knowledge on the one hand and by the therapeutic limitations on the other. Many published studies are methodologically weak and their conclusions, of limited value, have contributed to creating confusion on the therapeutic approach of the disease.

In the present paper, we propose a therapeutic approach based on a new disease staging. The therapeutic approach is divided into two big sections: the pharmacological treatment for the phase of viral replication, cytokine storm or late respiratory events (which includes the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)) and the treatment of the respiratory failure In every stage, we discuss the pathophysiology and comment (accept or rule out) the pharmacological options according to the present evidence. Moreover, we indicate how respiratory failure should be treated. Some characteristics are based on the evidence found in the literature. Others are the result of my experience in other situations.