bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterización de fibras vegetales en papeles usados en restauración: Abacá y Papel Japón.
Authors: Alcaraz Elida Claudia , Nitiu Daniela Silvana , Mallo Andrea Cecilia
Published: April 2022

Introducción y objetivos: Las excelentes propiedades físicas y químicas que presentan el papel Abacá y el papel Japón hacen que sean los materiales más utilizados en restauración de bienes culturales en soporte papel. El objetivo del presente trabajo es caracterizar las fibras que los componen e identificar géneros o especies vegetales que se utilizaron en la manufactura de los mismos.
M&M: Se disgregaron fibras de muestras de cada papel y del material vegetal de referencia previamente recolectado. Se observaron los caracteres diagnósticos de las fibras con fotomicroscopio y se tomaron fotomicrografías. Posteriormente se procedió a comparar los caracteres homólogos relacionando las muestras de fibras de papel Abacá con las de Musa sp. y las muestras de papel Japón con Broussonetia sp. y Euonymus sp.
Resultados: Se observaron coincidencias entre los caracteres diagnósticos de las fibras de papel Abacá y Musa sp. En cuanto a las muestras de papel Japón, se obtuvieron resultados coincidentes con Broussonetia sp. pero no con Euonymus sp.
Conclusiones: Según los resultados observados entre las fibras de papel Abacá y las muestras de material vivo recolectado, inferimos que el papel Abacá contiene fibras de Musa sp.
En las muestras de papel Japón, las semejanzas observadas entre los caracteres diagnósticos de las fibras que lo componen con respecto a las muestras vegetales de referencia indican la presencia de fibras de Broussonetia sp. No hay indicios de fibras de Euonymus sp.
La vegetación de las montañas de Córdoba (Argentina) a comienzos del siglo XXI: un mapa base para el ordenamiento territorial.
Authors: Cingolani Ana M. , Giorgis Melisa A. , Hoyos Laura E. , Cabido Marcelo
Published: April 2022

Introducción y objetivos: Un mapa de vegetación detallado y actualizado es clave para el ordenamiento territorial. Dada la necesidad de un ordenamiento para las Sierras de Córdoba, nos propusimos: confeccionar un mapa de vegetación de estas montañas; describir la vegetación de las clases identificadas; interpretar su distribución a lo largo del gradiente altitudinal y discutir las implicancias para el ordenamiento territorial.
M&M: Construimos un mapa preliminar a partir de imágenes satelitales e información de campo, donde discriminamos 14 unidades de vegetación. Luego de hacer un control a campo, elaboramos el mapa final, agrupando las unidades de vegetación en siete clases. 
Resultados: En el mapa final identificamos: bosques nativos, bosques exóticos, matorrales nativos, pajonales, céspedes, pastizales con roca y/o suelo desnudo y roquedales. Estas clases se discriminaron con una precisión general del 82,6%. Además, separamos cuerpos de agua, zonas inundables, cultivos y zonas urbanas. Los matorrales, que fueron la clase más extendida, abarcaron un 37% del paisaje, le siguieron los cultivos, que cubrieron un 23% del territorio. Los bosques nativos sólo ocuparon un 5,5% del área. Matorrales y bosques disminuyeron a lo largo del gradiente altitudinal, mientras que pastizales y roquedales aumentaron. 
Conclusiones: Sugerimos que un ordenamiento territorial de las montañas debería promover la restauración de los bosques nativos hasta ocupar un 20-40% del paisaje, el control del avance de las zonas urbanas y cultivos, y el manejo de especies exóticas invasoras para limitar su expansión sobre las fisonomías nativas.
Reşîd Rızâ’ nın Düşüncesinde Makāsıd-ı Kur’ân
Authors: KÜLÜNKOĞLU Gülnur
Published: April 2022

Modernleşmenin etkisiyle Kur’ân araştırmalarında meydana gelen usûl tartışmalarında klasik yorum yöntemlerine yönelik eleştiriler yoğunluk kazanmıştır. Bu eleştiriler içinde klasik tefsirlerin lafızcı ve parçacı olmakla okuyucuyu Kur’ân’ın bütünlüğünden ve gâyesinden uzaklaştırdığı ana tema olarak yer almaktadır. Bu bağlamda günümüz Kur’ân yorumcuları, ağırlıklı olarak Kur’ân’ın makāsıdını aramaya ve Kur’ân yorumunda makāsıdı esas almaya yönelmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte konu hakkında yapılan çalışmalar da yükselen bir ivme kaydetmiştir. Ancak makāsıd hakkındaki çalışmaların ilkesel olarak makāsıda işaret etmekle yetindiği ve tasvîrî bir nitelik arz ettiği görülmektedir. Modern dönemde makāsıdî yaklaşıma yönelen müelliflerin bu yönelişinin sebepleri üzerinde durulmamıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle Reşid Rıza’ya (ö.1935) etkisi bakımından Muhammed Abduh’un öncü fikirleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Daha sonra günümüz Kur’ân araştırmalarının önemli isimlerinden olan Rıza’nın Makāsıd-ı Kur’ân hakkındaki yorumları ele alınmıştır. Rıza’nın kendi tarihsel ve sosyal bağlamında önceki dönemlere göre daha yüksek bir vurguyla Makāsıd-ı Kur’ân’ı ele almasının sebeplerinin neler olduğu, Makāsıd-ı Kur’ân’ı hangi motivasyonla belirlediği sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Sonuç olarak Rıza’nın düşüncesinde Makâsıd-ı Kur’an’ın, nübüvvet meselesini ve vahyin kaynağının ilahîliğini Batı’ya karşı savunma çabasında işlevsel bir araç olduğu görülmektedir. Ona göre Kur’an’ın maksatları, Kur’an’ın bütün beşerî sistemlerden üstün olduğunun en büyük delilidir. Reşid Rızâ özelinde modern bağlamda Kur’ân’ın maksatlarının hem bireysel konularda hem de toplumsal konularda ıslahı içerdiği görülmektedir. Kur’ân’ın kaynağı ve nübüvvet hakkındaki oryantalist eleştiriler ve sosyal, siyasî, ekonomik dönüşüm çabaları Kur’ân’ın maksatları ışığında ele alınmıştır. On dokuzuncu asrın sonları ve yirminci asır başlarında modernleşmenin etkisiyle Makāsıd-ı Kur’ân, hedeflenen reformların gerçekleştirilmesinde küllî bir temel olarak ıslah zemininde araçsal bir pozisyona evrilmiş ve modern içermeleri kapsamına dâhil etmiştir.
On the classification of burial structures of burial grounds of the koban archaeological culture in the territory of modern Kabardino-Balkaria
Authors:   Kabardian-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Guchaev Astemir V.
Published: April 2022

Kabardino-Balkaria is a republic with a rich archaeological heritage. It represented archaeological sites from the Paleolithic era in its territory. The article proposes a classification of burial struc-tures of the Koban archaeological culture in this region. It is noted that their study makes it possi-ble to identify the features of the funeral rite of the local population and trace the dynamics of its ritual-ritual activity throughout the entire period of the existence of this culture. To do this, the article attempted to specify the typology proposed in 1989 by V.I. Kozenkova, considering the specifics of the funeral structures of the Koban culture identified on the territory of Kabardino-Balkaria. The work notes that the need for such a revision and clarification of known classifica-tions with the definition of local features on KBR materials is increasing against the background of a sharp increase in the number of burial structures discovered and the appearance of new stud-ies of Koban cultural monuments. During the study, funerary structures are classified considering their differentiation into simple and complex ones. There are considered 2 types of simple (burials in soil pits of oval, rectangular or underground rectangular forms and burials in stone boxes) and 3 types of complex burial structures (mounds with a stone cover with soil burials, mounds with stone boxes and stone cover from cobblestones and stone tombs). Each of the proposed funerary structures is characterized considering the division into subtypes. It was revealed that almost no burial ground of the Koban archaeological culture on the territory of the KBR can be traced to the observance of a single type of burial structure.
The review of the book: Candor R.S. The process of incorporation of traditional forms of admin-istration of the Adygs (Circassians) of the North-West Caucasus into the structure of the russian administrative-political system (XIX – Early XX с.)
Authors:   Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology named after N.N. Miklukho-Maklay of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Anchabadze Yurii D. ,   Abkhaz Institute for Humanitarian Research named after D.I. Gulia Academy of Sci-ences of Abkhazia
Published: April 2022

Review of the book by R.S. Kandor “The process of incorporation of traditional forms of govern-ment of the Adygs (Circassians) The North-Western Caucasus in the structure of the Russian ad-ministrative and political system (XIX - early XX century.”) examines the main research conclu-sions of the monograph. The relevance and high level of scientific work is noted. It is stated that the author gave a well-founded analysis of the specifics of the interaction of traditional and impe-rial political systems in the process of incorporation of the Adygs into the administrative struc-tures of the Russian Empire. It is concluded that the monograph is a significant research contribu-tion to the Adyge studies.
Material and financial assistance to the rear front during the Great Patriotic war(on the materials of Kabardino-Balkaria)
Authors:   The Institute for the Humanities Research – Affiliated Kabardian-Balkarian Sci-entific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tetuev Alim I.
Published: April 2022

In the article, based on the analysis of historiography on the study, the problems requiring study are identified, the goals, objectives, and methodology of the study are defined. Based on new ar-chival documents and other sources, the problems of organizing material and financial assistance by enterprises, collective farms, state farms and workers of the rear of the Red Army are analyzed. The main directions, forms and methods of activity of state, party bodies and public organizations in raising funds for the National Defense Fund and purchasing military equipment, subscribing to State military loans, collecting warm clothes and gifts for soldiers and commanders of military units and formations are considered. This article analyzes the motives of the patriotic movement of Soviet citizens aimed at helping the front. It was concluded that the main areas of material and financial assistance to the rear of the Red Army were those that arose at the initiative of the work-ers of the movement: raising funds for the country’s Defense Fund and the purchase of military equipment, subscribing to State military loans, creating a bread fund, collecting warm clothes, gifts for fighters and commanders of military units and formations.
The issue of anti-Soviet manifestations in Kabardino-Balkaria during the Great Patriotic War in domestic and foreign historiography
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov, Tatarov Azamat A. , Tamazov Muslim S. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov
Published: April 2022

The paper considers the issue of anti-Soviet manifestations in the North Caucasus during the Great Patriotic War as a vector for assessing the political situation in national autonomies developed in the academic space to describe the political situation in national autonomies. It is argued that eth-nic coloring in “mass betrayal” theses is influenced by primary sources and facts – wartime doc-uments and their data. The authors emphasize complexity of the research discourse transition from the categories of “mass anti-Soviet actions” and “support for the Germans from villages, re-gions or peoples”, and calculation of the “unacceptable” level of ethnic collaborationism and ban-ditry to the conceptualization of the anti-Soviet underground issue through attempts to qualify the composition of political crimes. The paper turns to the analysis of state’s reaction and decisions in the context of the political situation in national autonomies. Taking into account not only theoreti-cal aspects, but also the practical results of Germany's policy aimed at unleashing the anti-Soviet struggle in the North Caucasus proves valuable. The main conclusion of the study is that against the backdrop of post-Soviet methodological pluralism and the revival of heroic concept, it is rele-vant not so much to avoid inconvenient issues as to substantiate the scientific inconsistency of the “mass betrayal” theses addressed to the North Caucasus national autonomies.
Modernin İzini Sürmek: Yok Olan Bir Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Mimarlık Örneği Olarak Isparta Halkevi Binası
Authors: ÇELEBİ GÜRKAN Ülkü
Published: April 2022

Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde ulus-devlet aracılığı ile aktarılan modernleşme pratiği kapsamında Halkevleri; kentlerdeki mekânsal ve sosyo-kültürel yaşamın yeniden düzenlenmesinde ve toplumsal yaşamın çağdaşlaştırılmasında kullanılan eğitim ve kültür kurumlarıdır. 24 Şubat 1933 tarihinde açılan Isparta Halkevi bu amaç doğrultusunda Isparta kentine hizmet etmiştir. 1941 yılında tamamlanan Halkevi binası Erken Cumhuriyet dönemi modernleşme projesinin Isparta kentindeki mekânsal bileşenlerinden biridir. Kentsel, mekânsal ve yapısal özellikleri ile modern mekân deneyimi sunan; bunun yanında içerdiği eğitim-kültür programı ile “modern” bir yapı olan Halkevi binası; Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde amaçlanan mekânsal ve sosyo-kültürel dönüşümü sağlama yönünde önemli rol üstlenmiştir. Yapı, Halkevlerinin 1951 yılında kapatılmasından sonra giderek işlevsiz kalan yapı 1990’lı yılların başında yıkılmıştır. Halkevi binası; Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde inşa edilen ve günümüzde varlığını sürdüren “meydan-devlet yapıları-bulvar” sisteminin bir parçası olarak değerlendirilmek yerine yalnızca yapı ölçeğinde ele alınarak yıkılmış ve kent hafızasından silinmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında; Erken Cumhuriyet modernleşmesinin Isparta kentindeki rasyonel imgelerinden biri olan Isparta Halkevi binası kentsel konumu, kurumsal ve mekânsal özellikleri ve yıkılana kadar geçen süreçte yaşadığı değişim ve dönüşümler bakımından incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma; Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi mimari mirasının çoktan yok olmuş bir üyesi olan Isparta Halkevi binasının mekânsal özellikleri ile literatüre girebilmesi için farkındalık yaratılması amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
Kentsel Tarımın Tarihsel Süreç İçinde Değişimi
Authors: TANDOĞAN Okşan , ÖZDAMAR Esen Gökçe
Published: April 2022

İlk yerleşimlerle birlikte kentsel yaşamın önemli ve ayrılmaz bir parçası olan tarım, Sanayi Devrimi ile birlikte kent içinden dışarı çıkmış, ancak savaş dönemlerinde nüfusun gıda ihtiyacını karşılama amacıyla tekrar önem kazanmıştır. Özellikle 1990’lı yıllardan sonra kentsel tarıma yönelik ilgi ve eğilim artmış, 2000’lerde ise kamusal politikalar çerçevesinde ele alınmaya başlanmıştır. Kentsel tarım “hanehalkı düzeyinde işlemelerden ticarileştirilmiş tarıma kadar geçimlik üretim ve işleme” biçimlerini kapsayan bir kavram olarak kent içinde ve çeperinde “yoğun bitki yetiştiriciliği ve hayvancılık yoluyla gıda ve diğer ürünlerin yetiştirilmesi, işlenmesi ve dağıtılması” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu makale ise, Covid-19 pandemi dönemi ile birlikte daha da önem kazanan ve gıda güvenliği, gıdaya erişim ve ekosistem kavramı bağlamında kentsel tarım kavramını tarihsel bağlamda ele almaktadır. Kentsel tarım içinde bulunduğu kent için “gıda ve beslenme güvenliği”, “ekonomik”, “çevresel kalite” ve “ekosistem” açısından birçok fayda sağlamaktadır. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ve gelişmemiş ülkelerde kentsel tarım, gıdaya erişim konusunda ekonomik eşitsizliği ve gıda adaletsizliğini azaltmaya ve yerel kalkınmayı sağlamaya yönelik bir yaklaşım da olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Çevresel kalite ve ekosistem açısından ise kentsel tarım; biyolojik çeşitliliğin sürdürülmesi, kentlerde ısı adalarının ve karbon emisyonu oluşumunun azaltılması, kentin hava kalitesinin artırılması ve kentsel atıklar ile atık suların değerlendirilmesi ile kentin sürdürülebilirliğine katkı sağlamaktadır.
MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI MUTU, PELAYANAN, DAN NILAI
Authors: Amaliah Nur Indah
Published: April 2022

Nilai adalah konsep yang sentral perananya dalam pemasaran. Kita dapat memandang pemasaran sebagai kegiatan mengidentifikasi, menciptakan, mengkomunikasikan, menyampaikan dan memantau nilai pelanggan.
Manajemen koperasi
Authors: adillah aliah
Published: April 2022

Dalam usaha pemulihan krisis ekonomi Indonesia dewasa ini, sesungguhnya koperasi mendapatkan peluang (opportunity) untuk tampil lebih eksis. Krisis ekonomi yang diawali dengan krisis nilai tukar dan kemudian membawa krisis hutang luar negeri, telah membuka mata semua pemerhati ekonomi bahwa "fundamental ekonomi" yang semula diyakini kesahihannya, ternyata hancur lebur. Para pengusaha besar konglomerat dan industri manufaktur yang selama ini diagung- agungkan membawa pertumbuhan ekonomi yang pesat pada rata-rata 7% pertahun, ternyata hanya merupakan wacana. Sebab, ternyata kebesaran mereka hanya ditopang oleh hutang luar negeri sebagai hasil perkoncoan dan praktik mark-up ekuitas, dan tidak karena variabel endogenous (yang tumbuh dari dalam) (Manurung, 2000).
Resume ekonomi mikro analisis pendapatan nasional dalam Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Rusdin Zahra Amaliyah
Published: April 2022

Pendapatan nasional atau GNP dapat diartikan sebagai jumlah barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan suatu negara pada periode tertentu (biasanya satu tahun ) atau dapat diartikan pula bahwa pendapatan nasional adalah jumlah penghasilan yang diterima pemilik .
DEM-assisted in-season soil moisture estimation based on normalized Sentinel-1 SAR imagery
Authors: Kaplan Gregoriy , Gross Michael , Michel-Meyer Itamar , Rahav Matan , Sela Guy
Published: April 2022

Soil moisture is a crucial in-field variable used in many applications. Soil moisture might be measured in the field using soil sensors and can be estimated via satellite imagery. The present study proposes an innovative SAR-based method that significantly improves the accuracy of soil moisture estimation and does not require field-measured data. The method is based on the previously developed SAR local incidence angle normalization method and utilizes a newly developed equation, which takes a digital elevation model DEM into account. The volumetric water content (VWC) measurements were recorded at depths of 20 and 46 cm on 10 alfalfa fields in the US by 37 soil sensors. Recorded VWC data was correlated to the average field values of SAR imagery processed by the proposed method. The developed models have the following statistical performance: R2 = 0.5616 with RMSE = 3.9758 for VWC at 20 cm and R2 = 0.4247 with RMSE = 4.0133 for VWC at 46 cm. In both cases, the improvement of R2 of models based on the proposed method over models based on SAR imagery, which were not processed by the new method, was significant.
Deep Problems with Neural Network Models of Human Vision
Authors: Bowers Jeffrey S , Malhotra Gaurav , Dujmović Marin , Montero Milton Llera , Tsvetkov Christian , Biscione Valerio , Puebla Guillermo , Adolfi Federico G , Hummel John , Heaton Rachel Flood , Evans Benjamin D. , Mitchell Jeff , Blything Ryan
Published: April 2022

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have had extraordinary successes in classifying photographic images of objects and are often described as the best models of biological vision. This conclusion is largely based on three sets of findings: (1) DNNs are more accurate than any other model in classifying images taken from various datasets, (2) DNNs do the best job in predicting the pattern of human errors in classifying objects taken from various behavioral benchmark datasets, and (3) DNNs do the best job in predicting brain signals in response to images taken from various brain benchmark datasets (e.g., single cell responses or fMRI data). However, most behavioral and brain benchmarks report the outcomes of observational experiments that do not manipulate any independent variables, and we show that the good prediction on these datasets may be mediated by DNNs that share little overlap with biological vision. More problematically, we show that DNNs account for almost no results from psychological research. This contradicts the common claim that DNNs are good, let alone the best, models of human object recognition. We argue that theorists interested in developing biologically plausible models of human vision need to direct their attention to explaining psychological findings. More generally, theorists need to build models that explain the results of experiments that manipulate independent variables designed to test hypotheses rather than compete on predicting observational data. We conclude by briefly summarizing various promising modelling approaches that focus on psychological data.
Simple rules outperform Machine Learning in the 3rd annual SIOP ML competition.
Authors: Harman Jason L. , Scheuerman Jaelle
Published: April 2022

The 3rd annual SIOP Machine Learning (ML) Competition sought to find ML models for personnel selection that could balance the best of ML prediction balanced with the constraint of not increasing adverse impact. To test the possible advantages of simple rules over ML algorithms, we entered a simple and explainable rule based model inspired by recent advances in model comparison. This simple model outperformed most ML models entered and was comparable to the top performers.
How can we process microelectrode data to isolate single neurons in humans?
Authors: Yebra Mar , Rutishauser Ueli
Published: April 2022

Extracellular recordings of single neurons are a commonly used method to study the neural mechanisms of cognition. While extensively used in animal models, rare clinical cases also allow such recordings from the human brain using high-impedance microwires. These recordings allow the study of the activity of individual human neurons during cognitive tasks at single-spike resolution. Here, we discuss one such clinical scenario: microwires embedded in depth electrodes implanted in epilepsy patients. We outline the three main processing steps to derive well isolated putative single neurons from such recordings: signal processing, spike detection, and spike sorting. We provide an overview of the state of the art in the acquisition and processing of extracellular recordings with microwires, review a typical experimental setup, spike sorting and detection algorithms. We conclude by providing a step-by-step example, visualizing each intermediate processing step. Together, this chapter provides a practical guide on how to utilize signal processing, spike detection, and spike sorting to derive high-quality single-neuron recordings.
The Osain Cult: The Sacred Forest, Witchcraft, and “Green Medicine” in Cuba
Authors: Manichkin Nestor
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the sacred images and practices associated with the veneration of the forest in Cuba. The author primarily examines the religious and magical traditions of Santeria and Palo Monte but also refers to other African and African American cults, tracing their historical and semantic relationships. The article restores the multifaceted myth-ritual reality of the forest, encompassing spheres of traditional medicine, magic, and ethnocultural memory. This article is based on field research and ethnographic data. Special attention is paid to the metaphysical and practical aspects of the veneration of Orishas and, specifically, to the central concepts of symbols, shrines, ritual instruments, prohibitions, and norms that are inherent in the cult of Osain, the master of vegetation and wildlife.
A Review of E. D. Bondarenko, Naivnaya lingvistika i dialektnoe yazykovoe soznanie [“Naive Linguistics” and Dialect Consciousness]. Moscow: Indrik, 2021, 584 pp.
Authors: Baranova Vlada
Published: April 2022

The book is based on an analysis of metalinguistic comments by native speakers of different dialects. These remarks concern both self-descriptions and the language of neighbors. The approach is relatively new for Russian dialectology: folk linguists’ perceptions of dialectal variation have not been considered before. The study provides the first systematic description of beliefs about Russian dialects and includes a large volume of new field data. It can provide important insights on speaker opinions and attitudes about language and the constructions of local identity.
KOMPETENSI, INDEPENDENSI, INTEGRITAS, OBJEKTIVITAS, DAN PENGALAMAN KERJA, PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT
Authors: Azura Rideska Melani , Kennedy Kennedy , Oktari Vera
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of audit tenure, operating complexity, total assets, and solvability on audit delay. This study uses a quantitative approach using secondary data contained in the company's Annual Report. The population in this study are mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2019 period. Through the purposive sampling method, 36 companies were obtained as samples. The results of multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 26 software show that the complexity of operations and solvability affect audit delay. Meanwhile, audit tenure and total assets have no effect on audit delay. The results of this study have a contribution to the companies in reducing the occurrence of audit delay.
ONTOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT INNOVATIVE FORMS OF BUSINESS IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Honcharenko Oksana , Zemliana Anastasia
Published: April 2022

The imperatives of global transformations of the world economy and the specific features of the national economy in the context of the formation of innovative forms of business and activation of the innovation process are substantiated; The evolutionary determinants of the digital transformation of the social economy are determined and the directions of modernization transformations of the economy of Ukraine are argued; The sectoral features of the national economy in the context of modernization changes and implementation of global trends are stated; The importance of the study of institutional factors of economic dynamics and regulatory influences of the institutional mechanism in the implementation of innovation development is focused. It has been established that modern changes in the global economy and digital transformations of national farms take place at different pace in sectoral and sectoral segments, but are based on objective processes of deepening and distribution of labor, distribution of integration and innovation. New forms of labor organization, which are mainly based on network ties and interactions, contributed to the spread of services and its innovation segment, which turned out to increase volumes of operations under outsourcing, outstafing, freelance. The rapid growth of IT outsourcing is stated, in particular in the field of cloud computing, bots development of chatting bots, blockchain technology, use of artificial intelligence and automated training.

It is accented that the dissemination of innovative forms of business in the national economy do not contribute to the formed institutional and evolutionary restrictions. Specific evolutionary restrictions for innovative changes in the national economy began a scale of technological lag of key industries and economics as a whole, the influence of the shadow economy and formed institutional "traps" in key areas, crisis economic, social, political factors. Institutional problems are due to the inefficiency of basic institutions, which are formed by the basis for economic interactions (market, economy, competition) and the lack of effective instruments and forms of budgetary tax and monetary regulation. Theoretical and methodological provisions deepen the practical principles of institutional regulation and ensuring the innovative development of the national economy and innovative forms of business organization.
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Daring pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di SDN 92 Kendari
Authors: Indari Intan , La Fua Jumarddin , Raehang Raehang , Ilham Muhammad , Agus Imaludin
Published: April 2022

This study attemps to analyze the implementation of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic at SD Negeri 92 Kendari. This type of research is qualitative with observation, interviews and documentation as data collection methods. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed (1) Teachers at SD Negeri 92 Kendari used WhatsApp more in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic compared to the zoom meeting application and several other learning applications (2) the implementation of bold learning was carried out at the homes of each student who starting with the teacher opening greetings, followed by attendance, then the teacher sending the material in the form of pictures or videos through the WhatsApp group, then the teacher explained the material through voice notes and gave student assignments with the allotted time. (3) evaluation of bold activities is carried out to find out the progress and development of learning at home, as well as the success of students after carrying out the learning process during the covid-19 pandemic, then the results of the evaluation can be activated in improving student learning.Keywords: Online learning at Elementary School, Covid-19 Pandemic
Peran Guru dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Peserta Didik pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di SD Negeri 1 Jaya Bakti
Authors: Yunita Waode Yunita , Obaid Moh. Yahya , Masdin Masdin , Machmud Hadi
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the portrait of learning difficulties experienced by fourth grade students in the subject of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at SD Negeri 1 Jaya Bakti and to examine the role of teachers in overcoming these learning difficulties. This research employed qualitative research with interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The validity of the data was tested through extended observations, increased persistence, and triangulation techniques. The results showed that the forms of learning difficulties of students in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) class IV SD Negeri 1 Jaya Bakti were lack of student motivation, slow to learn, and unable to learn. The teacher's role in overcoming students' learning difficulties in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) class IV at SD Negeri 1 Jaya Bakti is that the teacher becomes a facilitator and good role model for students and creates fun learning.Keywords: Teacher’s Role, Learning Difficulties, PAI Learning
(K)new Materialisms: Honouring Indigenous Perspectives
Authors: Magnat Virginie
Published: April 2022

Cet article met au premier plan les principes éthiques autochtones de respect, de réciprocité, de relation et de responsabilité qui lient les agents humains aux agents autres-qu’humains ou plus-qu’humains – conception non anthropocentrique de l’agentivité dont on peut dire qu’elle propose une approche écocritique véritablement radicale, à défaut d’être nouvelle, des questions cruciales soulevées par les recherches fondées sur les nouveaux matérialismes et le posthumanisme. Virginie Magnat défend l’idée que la distinction entre cette compréhension de l’agentivité et celle de Karen Barad dans son influente théorie du réalisme agentiel est la non-séparabilité de la matière et de l’esprit postulée par les chercheuses et chercheurs autochtones Vine Deloria Jr, Gregory Cajete, Manulani Aluli Meyer et Shawn Wilson, entre autres. Elle soutient que le fait de faire honneur à la philosophie autochtone, qui valorise les méthodes de savoir incarnées transmises oralement, contribue à décentrer, déstabiliser et décoloniser les paradigmes eurocentristes qui structurent encore les systèmes de connaissance dominants dans le monde universitaire; elle montre que les travaux de Dylan Robinson et de Dolleen Tisawii’ashii Manning, par leur approche critique du matérialisme et du posthumanisme, ouvrent de nombreuses possibilités à un dialogue interculturel plus nécessaire que jamais.
About the Implementation of the «School Cooperation» Project in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Astrakhantseva Elena А. , Gatina Elvira Arslanovna
Published: April 2022

The article focuses on the need for career guidance in rural schools, the popularization of cooperative entrepreneurship, the results of the «school cooperation» project in the Kazan Cooperative Institute.
The relevance of the topic touched upon in this article is due to the fact that today modern youth does not see the possibility of self-realization and a decent lifestyle in rural areas, in their small homeland. The development and promotion of the «school cooperation» project provides an opportunity for young people, students of rural schools to realize the possibilities of doing business in rural areas (and/or in cities) by engaging in cooperative entrepreneurship.
Using the method of descriptive analysis of the data set and numerous surveys of rural schools, district administrations of the Republic of Tatarstan, as well as other regions of the Russian Federation, it was concluded that modern youth does not seek to stay in rural areas. The monitoring made it possible to come to the conclusion that in many regions of the republic there is a personnel shortage of individual specialists.
Results. Based on the data obtained, the directions of cooperation and the possibility of implementing the «Accelerator of School Cooperatives» project were proposed, which was highly appreciated by the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, corresponds to the goals of national projects and subprojects. Popularization and development of cooperation will make it possible to create a full-cycle cooperation in the future. The materials of the article will be useful to the heads of district administrations, heads of secondary schools for the popularization of cooperative entrepreneurship and the organization of student cooperatives in the regions.
Correction of Dysgraphy of Primary School Children with General Speech Underdevelopment
Authors: Sibarova Maria Antonovna , Sultanbaeva Klavdiya Ivanovna
Published: April 2022

This article is devoted to the disclosure of the content of the correctional work of a speech therapist in violation of written speech with children with general underdevelopment of speech.
The purpose of the article is to show the effectiveness of speech therapy work aimed at correcting dysgraphia of children with speech disorders. The increase of the growth of children with speech impairment in recent years indicates the relevance of this problem and the need to provide corrective assistance from teachers and a speech therapist. Untimely detection and correction of dysgraphy associated with speech underdevelopment prevent the full assimilation of the curriculum and the comprehensive development of the pupil.
Research method. The author presents research data obtained using the diagnostic technique of O.B. Inshakova, which allows specialists to identify a violation of the written speech of younger schoolchildren and the degree of its severity. The methods of work of the teacher are also proposed, which increase the effectiveness of the correctional work of written speech in children of primary school age with speech disorders.
Research results. The control experiment showed that the number of dysgraphic errors in children of primary school age with general underdevelopment of speech decreased by 35%.
Conclusions. The results of the study of the written speech of younger schoolchildren indicate the need for the use of corrective work by a speech therapist, which should be focused on the development of phonemic hearing, sound pronunciation, sound analysis and word synthesis skills, it is also necessary to expand and enrich the child's vocabulary.
Women’s Worldview of the Writer or the Aesthetic World of Literature (Reflections on the Term “Women’s Prose”)
Authors: Myshkina Albina Fedorovna
Published: April 2022

Modern Chuvash literature, like other national literatures, is developing in many ways. This is clearly shown by those works in which new phenomena are formed that were previously alien to the literature of the Soviet period.
The relevance of the article is connected with the need to determine the place and role of the concept of "women's prose" in Chuvash artistic creativity. The artistic world of Chuvash literature is primarily based on the worldview of the people and the uniqueness of the Chuvash language. Therefore, very often typical phenomena of Russian and world literature for the Chuvash literature become insignificant. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to present arguments in favor of the statement that the aesthetic world of the work is not directly related to the author's gender. The subject of the research in this article is the prose works of Chuvash women writers (Yu. Silem, U. Elmen, R. Prokopieva).
In the course of the study, the following results were obtained: the writer's worldview includes many components, the most significant of them are the gender and nationality of the author; the concept of "women's prose" is not relevant for Chuvash literature, since it manifests itself only within the framework of individual works and is mainly associated with philosophical, psychological and lyrical the style of the writer.
Application of the Typological Approach in the Educational Space of the Higher School
Authors: Lysenko Elena M.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this article is to generalize the ideas of teachers, psychologists, sociologists and acmeologists about the typological approach to students in the educational space of higher education. When writing the work, the tasks of systematizing existing students and building their own typology of students were solved based on the generalization of personality types, learning opportunities, styles of learning activities, the leading representative system and other criteria for identifying student typologies for the implementation of educational, educational and developmental activities of the university.
The following scientific methods were used in the work: methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and systematization, and the modeling method.
The article shows that the typological approach is applicable for identifying and describing the main types characteristic of the subjects of the educational process on the scale of higher education. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms for the development and application of the typological approach and the possibilities on its basis to organize productive interaction between the teacher and the student, taking into account the strengths of the individual, the levels of actual development and the areas of immediate development of students. It is shown that the resource capabilities of the identified personality types of trainees are actualized with the help of a master teacher, who applies individual, differentiated and personality-oriented approaches to future professionals in the course of their professional and personal development in the cycles of readable disciplines and in the system of educational activities of the university.
The result of the study was the development of a comparative table of methods for typology of students (taking into account psychological-pedagogical and acme-oriented approaches and criteria for identifying typological groups) and their consideration in the organization of the educational process in higher education. The table systematizes the views of psychologists, sociologists, teachers and acmeologists on the educational process at the university over the past few decades and demonstrates the best ways for the educational activities of students.
The history of urbanization processes in the single-industry towns of Lisakovsk and Arkalyk of Kostanay region: similarities and differences, prospects for further development
Authors:   A. Baitursynov Kostanay Regional University, Tukpatullin T.S. , Alpysbes M.A. ,   L. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2022

The article considers the urbanization processes in two single-industry towns of Kostanay region: Lisakovsk and Arkalyk. Both cities were created during the Soviet period for the development of mining. Lisakovsk has always been a regional city, while Arkalyk has been the center of the Turgay region for a long time. However, Arkalyk has been steadily losing its population since 1991, when the decline was up to 40 % percent, and until now. The closure of the leading enterprise of the city, a branch of JSC «Aluminum of Kazakhstan» TBOM may lead to a further increase in the outflow of population, which in the long run may lead to the loss of the city status. In contrast, the population of Lisakovsk continued to grow even during the period of economic instability after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The city had a special economic zone status, which contributed to the momentum of food development. The article also traces the development of cities from their foundation to their current situation. The differences in the goals and methods used by the Soviet leadership for the formation of future single-industry towns are shown. The critical problem stages in the transition period of the 90s of the XX century are described.
The problem of moral and ethical education in Kazakh culture
Authors:   Философия, саясаттану және дінтану институты, Сағиқызы А. , Шүршітбай М. ,   С. Аманжолов атындағы Шығыс Қазақстан университеті
Published: April 2022

The issue of moral and ethical education is one of the most important tasks in modern society. Such education is based on the spiritual values of the national culture. The article philosophically reveals the foundations of moral and ethical education in Kazakh culture. The authors turned to the historical and cultural roots, traditions and spiritual values of the people in order to reveal the essence of moral and ethical education. Education is the only tool that can improve a person and society. As a person takes possession of the world of culture, they begin to accept various ideas and ideals, language and order moral principles. Knowledge, virtue, intellectual qualities, spiritual values are the keys to finding your place in society. In addition, the issues of education were considered in detail and an overview of the works of folk enlighteners and intellectuals of the Alash movement, who indicated that upbringing is the basis for the formation of human virtues and ethics, ideals, was given
New species of the Madagascan scarab beetle genus Madecorphnus Paulian, 1992 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Orphninae)
Authors: Frolov A.V.
Published: April 2022

Three new species of the scarab beetle genus Madecorphnus, endemic to Madagascar, are described from the material collected by the staff of the California Academy of Sciences. The new species are: M. fisheri sp. nov. (mid-elevation rain forest on the eastern flank of the Anosyenne Mountains, southern Madagascar), M. saintemariensis sp. nov. (coastal forest, Sainte Marie Island, eastern Madagascar), and M. tuberculatus sp. nov. (low elevation rain forest, Betampona Reserve, eastern Madagascar).
Citizens’ Perceptions of Democratic Participation in Sudan
Authors:   Partners in Development Services (PDS)
Published: April 2022

Democracy cannot prosper without democrats. The challenges facing the democratic transformation in Sudan are immense. This report signified the power-sharing intricacies that had been in place for over two years between the civilians and military. The 25 October coup put an end to that partnership. Nonetheless, people in Sudan are increasingly determined to regain their democratic transition. Building Democracy requires more than extending goodwill. It has always been said democracy cannot prosper without democrats. In context, International IDEA Sudan’s Programme saw the need to explore the perceptions of the main stakeholder in the democratic transition of Sudan, its people. The primary objective of this report is to study the perceptions among the Sudanese population of the motivations for and barriers to democratic participation. The study aims to generate a baseline of understanding to guide the design of further relevant civic education interventions. Methodologically, this was achieved using primary and secondary data sources: Primary data was collected through direct fieldwork using a structured questionnaire, interviews, focus group discussions and key informant interviews, as well as participatory observation. Secondary sources were collated in a desk review of existing academic and public opinion research, such as data from Afro-barometer and the International IDEA Global State of Democracy Indices.
Дослідження психологічних детермінантів виникнення фрустраційних станів учнів різних вікових груп
Authors: Прахова Світлана Анатоліївна
Published: April 2022

У статті обґрунтовується актуальність дослідження проблеми фрустрації, підкреслюється її теоретична і практична значущість. Висвітлено питання детермінації фрустраційних станів учнів різних вікових груп. Розкрито результати факторного аналізу соціально-психологічних чинників, які впливають на тип і напрямок фрустраційних реакцій. Проаналізовані факторні навантаження в кожній з чотирьох вікових груп учнів (молодші школярі, молодші підлітки, старші підлітки, юнаки). Обґрунтовується перспективність подальших шляхів дослідження детермінантів виникнення і подолання фрустраційних станів у межах різних вікових категорій учнів. Розкрита складна і багаторівнева структура та природа феномену фрустрації. Показано, що принципово важливе значення в процесі виникнення фрустраційних станів відіграють мотиваційні, поведінкові, когнітивні та емоційно-вольові компоненти психіки людини. Зазначено, що для цілісного розуміння феномену фрустрації необхідним є розмежування таких категорій, як фрустратор, фрустраційна ситуація, фрустраційний поріг, фрустрованість, які є взаємопов’язаними елементами в загальній структурі виникнення фрустрації.
Українська мова серед інших слов'янських: етнологічні та граматичні параметри
Authors: Царук Олександр Васильович
Published: April 2022

У монографії досліджуються питання виділення української мови з праслов'янської, початкові щаблі її становлення як самобутньої лінгвістичної системи на тлі процесів, пов'язаних із постанням інших слов'янських мов. На основі аналізу вже відомих та нових історичних, археологічних, етнографічних, антропологічних та лінгвістичних фактів заперечується традиційна тріалістична дистрибуція слов'янських мов і пропонується дуалістичний розподіл (на антську і словенську підгрупи); визначаються основні етнологічні і граматичні параметри українського глотогенезу, по-новому осмислюється місце і значення української мови серед інших слов'янських. Для славістів, лінгвістів, істориків, викладачів вузів, аспірантів, студентів, усіх, хто цікавиться історією українського народу та його мови.
Women's status and family planning in Bangladesh: An analysis of focus group data
Authors: Simmons Ruth , Mita Rezina
Published: April 2022

This study involved secondary analysis of a substantial set of 1987–88 focus group data from Bangladesh’s Matlab Thana, where the Family Planning and Health Services Project was underway since 1977. The project was highly successful in increasing family planning (FP) acceptance and provided a rich research base for studying the diffusion of FP and its effects. The study involved 36 focus groups with fieldworkers, community women, husbands, educated women, and community leaders. The intent of the present study is to examine the effect of FP on women's status in Bangladesh, and to prepare papers on that topic. Following leads in the data itself, two papers were prepared under this subcontract. One concerns the effect of the FP fieldworkers on the knowledge and attitudes of young, unmarried women toward fertility and FP; the other presents a qualitative analysis of the fertility transition in Bangladesh, contributing to the ongoing debate on whether fertility decline is caused by demand-side or supply-side factors. This report reviews both documents.