bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Field‐Scale Approach to Estimate Nitrate Loading to Groundwater
Authors: Malekani Farzin , Ryan M. Cathryn , Zebarth Bernie J. , Loo Shawn E. , Suchy Martin , Cey Edwin E.
Published: June 2018

The quantification of groundwater NO3 loading associated with a specific field or set of management practices so that groundwater quality improvements can be objectively assessed is a major challenge. The magnitude and timing of NO3 export from a single agricultural field under raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) production were investigated by combining high‐resolution groundwater NO3 concentration profiles (sampled using passive diffusion samplers) with Darcy's flux estimation at the field's down‐gradient edge (based on field‐measured hydraulic gradients and laboratory‐estimated hydraulic conductivity). Annual recharge estimated using Darcy's law (1002 mm) was similar to that obtained using two other approaches. The similarity in the rate of Cl applied to the field and the estimated export flux over the 1‐yr monitoring period (51 vs. 56 kg Cl ha−1) suggested the mass flux estimation approach was robust. An estimated 80 kg NO3–N ha−1 was exported from the agricultural field over the 1‐yr monitoring period. The greatest monthly groundwater mass flux exported was observed in February and March (∼11 kg NO3–N ha−1), and was associated with NO3 leached from the soil zone during the onset of precipitation in the previous autumn. Provided the groundwater recharged from the field of interest can be isolated within a vertical profile, this approach is an effective method for obtaining spatially integrated estimates of the magnitude and timing of NO3− loading to groundwater.

Core Ideas

High‐resolution groundwater monitoring was used with Darcy flux estimation.

The recharge estimate was comparable with two other methods.

This approach accurately estimated loading of Cl tracer.

Nitrate loading exported from individual field was quantified on a seasonal basis.

This approach is appropriate for agricultural fields over vulnerable aquifers.
Iron Oxides Minimize Arsenic Mobility in Soil Material Saturated with Saline Wastewater
Authors: Galkaduwa Madhubhashini B. , Hettiarachchi Ganga M. , Kluitenberg Gerard J. , Hutchinson Stacy L.
Published: June 2018

The soil material in constructed wetlands is effective in retaining Se from flue‐gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater (WW), but reducing conditions can enhance native‐soil As mobility. A laboratory‐based soil column experiment was performed to assess the effectiveness of ferrihydrite (Fh) in minimizing the mobility of native‐soil As in water‐saturated soil material. A saline FGD WW mixture (i.e., influent) was delivered to columns of untreated and Fh‐treated soil for 60 d. One untreated column and one Fh‐treated column were then subjected to drying, followed by an additional 30 d of influent delivery. Although the influent was low in As (∼1 μg L−1) and the soil As level was normal, the total dissolved As concentration of effluent from the untreated columns increased with time, from ∼1 μg L−1 to a maximum of ∼27 μg L−1. In contrast, effluent from the Fh‐treated columns remained low in As (i.e., <5 μg L−1). The strong correlation between total dissolved Fe and As in the effluent suggested that reductive dissolution of native‐soil Fe minerals was responsible for releasing As into solution. Results from X‐ray absorption spectroscopy showed newly precipitated Fe minerals in the Fh‐treated soil, and the remaining As was mainly As(V) species in both the untreated and Fh‐treated soils. Thus, native‐soil As mobilized under saturated conditions can be sequestered by adding poorly crystalline Fe oxides to soil prior to saturation. Furthermore, results obtained by drying and rewetting the columns showed that saturated conditions must be maintained to minimize the remobilization of sequestered As and retained Se.

Core Ideas

Reductive dissolution of Fe minerals caused mobilization of native‐soil As.

Amending the soil with ferrihydrite (Fh) decreased this mobilization of As.

Enhanced resorption reactions mitigated the mobility of As in the Fh‐treated soil.

Drying the soil caused remobilization of some sequestered trace elements.
Tolerance of Different Winter Wheat Cultivars to Prolonged Freezing Injury at their Critical Temperatures
Authors: Zheng Dongxiao , Yang Xiaoguang , Mínguez M. Inés , Connor David J. , Mu Chenying , Guo Erjing , Chen Xi
Published: June 2018

Inconsistent survival during winter due to freezing injury of varying severity is a major impediment to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and productivity. To evaluate the tolerance of different winter wheat cultivars and different organs of the same cultivar to prolonged freezing injury, 3 yr of controlled freezing experiments were performed with four cultivars under different freezing durations at the cultivars’ corresponding critical temperatures. Experimental plants in plastic pots that have hardened in the field were moved to freezing chambers for controlled freezing treatments during the winter. A highly significant relationship was observed between freezing duration and mortality for each of the different cultivars and organs. For every 1‐d increase in freezing duration at the critical temperature, plant mortality increased by 8.6, 22.3, 11.1, and 9.4% for cultivars Jing411, Nongda211, Zhengmai366, and Yanzhan4110, respectively. Within the same cultivar, tillers (15–32% d−1) were less sensitive to freezing duration than younger leaves (25–35% d−1) and older leaves (20–55% d−1). Spike number was greatly influenced by freezing duration and the resulting death of tillers. For every 1% increase in tiller mortality, spike number per pot declined by 1.3, 2.0, 1.2, and 0.7% for cultivars Jing411, Nongda211, Zhengmai366, and Yanzhan4110, respectively. These findings indicate that reducing tiller death during winter is important for preventing extensive decreases in spike number.
FACTORES PARA LA DECISIÓN DEL PARTO VAGINAL EN MUJERES CON CESÁREA PREVIA EN LA CLÍNICA PARTICULAR CORI GYN, DISTRITO LOS OLIVOS 2015
Authors: Caldas Herrera María , Carrión Barreto Cynthia Carmen
Published: June 2018

Objetivo determinar los factores para la decisión del parto vaginal en mujeres con cesárea previa atendidas en la Clínica particular CORI GYN, distrito Los Olivos 2015. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de corte transversal. Se estudió a 90 mujeres con cesárea previa. Para el análisis se utilizó la medida central, dispersión, así como frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados:la edad promedio de las mujeres con cesárea previa fue 29,6 años, donde la edad ≤ 35 años fue el predominante (96,7%), asimismo el grado de instrucción fue mayormente universitario (54,4%) y el estado civil casada (70,0%). Entre los factores maternos más frecuentes asociados a la decisión del parto vaginal fue el período intergenésico de 2 - 5 años (60,0%), parto vaginal previo en un 53,3%, ser multigesta (51,1%) e inicio de parto espontáneo (92,2%). En el 93,3% de los casos la decisión de la vía de culminación fue tomada por el médico. Respecto a las complicaciones, el 6,7% presentaron complicaciones en el puerperio inmediato (retención de restos placentarios, sangrado e infección de episiotomía) y el 20,0% presentaron complicaciones en el puerperio mediato (fiebre, infección de episiotomía y alza térmica). En los factores fetales asociados a la decisión del parto vaginal se encontró que la edad gestacional fue de 38 a 40 semanas con un peso promedio de 3,296 gramos. Las conclusiones a las que se le llegó fue que los factores más frecuentes asociados a la decisión de parto por vía vaginal en mujeres con cesárea previa fueron el período intergenésico entre 2 y 5 años, parto vaginal previo, ser multigesta, además de la edad gestacional a término y ponderado del peso fetal normal.
Fenomenologi Hukuman di Pesantren : Analisis Tata Tertib Santri Pondok Pesantren Daruttaqwa Gresik
Authors: Ma`arif Muhammad Anas , Kartiko Ari
Published: June 2018

This study aims to identify and describe the pattern of punishment in Daruttaqwa Gresik Pesantren. This research method uses phenomenological study about the meaning and value of punishment given to santri. The findings of the study indicate that First, the pattern of punishment for the offenders of discipline is with, reprimand and advice, administrative punishment, educational punishment, social punishment, material punishment, physical punishment. Secondly, there are rules for educators who will apply the punishment that is not in a hurry, should not hit when in a state of anger, should avoid sensitive limbs and do not hit the child in under 10 years . Third, in the students is instilled the consciousness in the santri that punishment given to him is a just and educational punishment. By conditioning the three elements above, then punishment will be effective in educating children. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan pola hukuman di Pesantren Daruttaqwa Gresik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi fenomenologis tentang makna dan nilai hukuman yang diberikan kepada santri. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa satu, pola  pemberian hukuman bagi pelanggar tata tertib santri adalah dengan, teguran dan nasehat, hukuman administrasi, hukuman yang mendidik, hukuman bersifat sosial, hukuman materi, hukuman bersifat fisik. Kedua, Terdapat aturan bagi pendidik yang akan menerapkan hukuman antara lain :  tidak terburu-buru, tidak boleh memukul ketika dalam keadaan marah, hendaknya menghindari anggota badan yang peka, dan tidak memukul anak di bawah 10 tahun.. Ketiga, pada diri anak didik ditanamkan kesadaran dalam diri santri bahwa hukuman yang diberikan kepadanya merupakan hukuman yang adil dan mendidik. Dengan mengkondisikan tiga elemen diatas, maka hukuman akan efektif dalam mendidik anak.
Menangkal Radikalisme Atas Nama Agama Melalui Pendidikan Islam Substantif
Authors: Susanto Nanang Hasan
Published: June 2018

The increase of Islamic radicalism in Indonesia are the fact on social reality in Indonesia at present day. Therefore it is necessary to trace the basic substance of Islamic education. Through literature study and descriptive analysis, this study concludes that Islamic radicalism can be prevent by understanding the basis fundamental of islamic education in the form of 3 main points, namely: First, not mistaken in interpreting the Holy Qur'an, Second, not be trapped in the formalization of religion. The efforts of religion groups to establish the Khilafah Islamiyah (Islamic Empire) which is often triggered violence’s in making it happen are categorized as a trapped on the formalization of religion. Third, implement a religious life with Hanif, that is to implement a religious life with a right attitude, Sincere and passionate truth, in accordance with what is exemplified by Prophet Ibrahim as the father of monotheis, and in accordance with the content of QS Ar-Rum verse 30.Abstrak.Menguatnya gerakan Islam radikal  merupakan  fakta yang terjadi di Indonesia akhir-akhir ini. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya untuk menelusuri substansi mendasar pendidikan Islam. Melalui studi pustaka dan analisis deskriptif, penelitian ini menawarkan sebuah gagasan, bahwa radikalisme atas nama agama dapat ditangkal dengan memahami substansi mendasar pendidikan agama Islam berupa 3 hal pokok, yakni Pertama, tidak salah dalam menafsirkan kitab suci Al-Qur’an, Kedua, beragama tidak terjebak pada formalisasi agama. Upaya berbagai kelompok untuk mendirikan Khilafah Islamiyah yang seringkali disertai kekerasan dalam mewujudkannya, dikategorikan sebagai bentuk keterjebakan pada formalisasi agama. Ketiga, menjalankan kehidupan beragama dengan hanif, yakni menjalankan kehidupan beragama dengan sikap yang lurus, tulus dan bersemangat kebenaran, sesuai dengan apa yang dicontohkan Nabi Ibrahim sebagai bapak monotheis, dan sesuai dengan kandungan Q.S. ar-Rum ayat 30.
Model Pendidikan Akhlaq Santri di Pesantren dalam Meningkatkan Akhlaq Siswa Di Kabupaten Bireuen
Authors: Rizal Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad , MA Najmuddin
Published: June 2018

The research was conducted begins on government policy on implementation of Islamic sharia in Aceh. Pesantren’s education pattern has emphasized more on strengthen professional fields simultanously and strengthenIislamic scope dan akhlakul karimah (character education). Qualitative method was used in this study with descriptive approach. Result showed that curriculum currently used in pesantren is refer to dayah salafi (traditional pesantren) in Aceh, which used Kitab as main source of knowledge in teaching process. While media used in teaching process were Arab’s Kitab, video, playback of religious lectures, and wall magazines. The methode used in teaching process were advice, teacher exemplary, teaching and counseling, habituation of religious practice, motivation straightening, coordination with santri’s parents, and coordination with dayah’s stakeholder, morals coaching output, and reward and punishment methods.AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan berawal dari kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap implementasi syariat Islam di Aceh. Pola pendidikan pesantren memiliki tradisi dan kultur akademik yang lebih menekankan pada penguatan bidang profesional secarasi simultan, serta penguatan pada bidang-bidang keislaman dan pendidikan akhlakul karimah. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum yang berlaku di pesantren semuanya mengacu kepada kurikulum dayah salafi di Aceh dengan menjadikan kitab sebagai sumber utama dalam proses belajar mengajar. Media yang digunakan pada proses pembelajaran adalah kitab-kitab Arab, tayangan vidio, pemutaran ceramah agama dan pemanfaatan madding. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan meliputi metode nasehat, keteladanan guru, bimbingan dan pendampingan, praktek dan pembiasaan amalan ibadah, pelurusan motivasi, koordinasi dengan wali santri, koordinasi dengan stakeholder dayah, out put pembinaan akhlak dan reward serta punisment.
Transformation Of Pesantren Traditions In Face The Globalization Era
Authors: Suradi A
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe phenomenon of Pesantren has been adopting common knowledge but still retaining the teaching classic books that attempts to the main purpose of the institution..The effort to improve the quality of education in the global era, the pesantren needs to do the transformation. Research method using library research. Result of research indicate that there are three things should be done by pesantren in doing transformation include : First. Pesantren must use practical purposes that  producing a generation of Islam. not only a smart serve smart vertically but also horizontally. Second: Pesantren must use ideological purposes it should be pesantren as main pillars of  aqidah who ruled the General Science. Third : Pesantren make changes to the format, shape, orientation and method of education with no change the vision, mission and spirit of boarding, but the change only on the outside only, while on the side in the still retained  AbstrakFenomena Pesantren telah mengadopsi pengetahuan umum tetapi tetap mempertahankan pengajaran buku-buku klasik sebagai upaya untuk meneruskan tujuan utama dari lembaga, yaitu untuk mendidik para  ulama. Dalam upaya melakukan peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di era global, maka pesantren perlu melakukan transformasi. Metode penellitian menggunakan library research. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada tiga hal yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh pesantren dalam melakukan transformasi meliputi : Pertama. Pesantren  harus memiliki tujuan praktis yang menghasilkan satu generasi Islam tidak hanya pintar melayani secara vertikal tetapi juga secara horizontal. Kedua: Pesantren harus memiliki tujuan ideologis, seharusnya pesantren sebagai pilar utama pembentukan aqidah yang menguasai Ilmu Pengetahuan Umum; ketiga: Pesantren melakukan perubahan pada format, bentuk, orientasi dan metode pendidikan tanpa mengubah visi, misi dan semangat pesantren, tetapi perubahan hanya di luar saja, sementara di sisi dalam masih dipertahankan
Swings in runoff at Polar Bear Pass: an extensive low-gradient wetland, Bathurst Island, Canada
Authors: Young Kathy L.
Published: June 2018

Hydrologic studies in northern landscapes indicate there is a critical need to explore how arctic stream discharge patterns and water budgets may be shifting in response to climate warming. The focus of this study was to: (1) assess the pattern of runoff out of Polar Bear Pass, a low-gradient watershed (75°40′N, 98°30′W), during two contrasting spring/summer seasons: 2012 (warm, early melt) versus 2013 (cool, late melt); (2) quantify the seasonal water budgets; and (3) place these results in the context of other arctic basin studies. The end-of-winter snowpack was quantified using a terrain-based approach. A physically based snowmelt model using local weather station data provided daily melt estimates. Streamflow at the eastern outlet was estimated using the mid-section velocity approach. Snow water equivalent (SWE) was higher in 2013 while snowmelt began and ended earlier in 2012. Stream hydrographs showed a rapid rise in flow driven by meltwater from the northern part of the Pass in 2012. This was followed by a series of secondary peaks, melt contributions from the southern end. In 2013, the largest runoff peaks came from the southern sector. Runoff ratios and water budgets varied between the two years, and runoff in 2013 was similar to High Arctic watersheds in the early 1970s.
Joint improvement of river water quality indicators based on a multivariate joint probability distribution of the discharge and water quality
Authors: Liu Yang , Cao Shengle , Zhang Xi , Li Fuzhen , Li Xitong
Published: June 2018

Based on the multivariate joint probability distribution of the discharge and water quality indicators, this paper analysed the occurrence probabilities and improvement probabilities of combinations of water quality indicators under different discharge conditions and then presented a method for calculating the optimal discharge to seek a balance between the discharge dispatch and water quality improvement. The method was used to construct the relationship curve between the discharge and joint improvement probability used by a copula function and then calculate the critical point on the curve. The proposed method was applied to the Yi River Basin above Gegou Station with data composed of the discharge and main pollution indicators (NH3-N and CODMn) from 1982 to 2015. The results showed that the trivariate joint probability distribution can more reasonably reveal the statistical characteristics of different combinations of discharge and water quality indicators. Furthermore, the optimal discharges and the corresponding improvement probabilities that improved NH3-N and CODMn to different grades were calculated. The calculation method took the interdependence of multiple water quality indicators into account, thereby providing a more reasonable method for using discharge dispatch data to improve the river water quality.
Effect of addition of organic materials and irrigation practices on soil quality in olive groves
Authors: Kavvadias V. , Papadopoulou M. , Vavoulidou E. , Theocharopoulos S. , Repas S. , Koubouris G. , Psarras G. , Kokkinos G.
Published: June 2018

The effect of addition of organic materials (shredded pruning residues, composted olive mill by-products) on spatial distribution of soil chemical and microbial properties in irrigated and rainfed olive groves was investigated. Most of the soil parcels were subjected to reduced tillage or no tillage practices. Soil sampling took place in 40 olive groves in the region of Messinia, south-western Peloponnese, Greece during a 5-year period (2012–2017). The results showed significant increases in soil organic matter, humic acids and nitrate content at the end of the study period, compared to the first year of the soil sampling campaign. On the other hand, the relatively low amount of fresh organic materials that was applied to the soil produced unfavorable results. Differences between irrigated and rainfed soil parcels were not significant, for most of the soil properties, since the area receives much higher loads of rain than the average rainfall, as registered in the main olive growing regions of Greece. The area underneath the tree canopy favors an environment that enhances soil fertility, compared to the area out of the tree canopy. Changes of soil properties according to depth showed that the surface soil in olive orchards has the potential to sequester carbon and nutrients.
Accounting and change trend analysis of food production water footprint in China
Authors: Deng Guangyao , Xu Yan , Yu Zhuoyuan
Published: June 2018

China is a country of agriculture, and agricultural production consumes a great deal of water. In this paper, we quantify the provincial food production water footprint (WF) in China during 1997–2011, and then analyze its change trend by the method LMDI (Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index). The results indicate the following. (1) China's food production WF increased during 1997–2011 as a whole. The food production WFs at the provincial level are obviously different. (2) The main reason for the change of WF of food production in China related to the virtual water content and total food production. As for the changes of food production WFs for each province, they were not always in accordance with the total food production. For example, in Guizhou, Qinghai, Sichuan, and other provinces, the food production WFs grew while total food production declined, thus indicating strong negative decoupling. Thus, it is necessary to take the measure of agricultural products' transportation ‘green channel’ to promote the development of domestic food trade and virtual water trade.
Public perception related to inadequate drinking water quality among Brazilian adults
Authors: Garcia Lucas Ariel T. , Garcia Leandro Martin T. , Barardi Célia Regina M.
Published: June 2018

This study aimed to identify the main sources of drinking water, evaluate public perception and satisfaction with regards to tap water and compare it with the distance from provider in Florianopolis city, Southern Brazil. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters of water at daycare centers were also assessed. Questionnaires were applied to 1,298 residences in six districts regarding water quality and consumption preferences and analyzed by adjusted binary logistic regression. Tap water physicochemical and microbiological parameters at the selected districts were assessed during summer and winter seasons. Of the 581 questionnaire respondents, 93% did not drink tap water, mostly due to a lack of confidence in water safety and taste. Only 39% were satisfied with water quality and approximately 30% reported that water is worse in summer season. Most water samples collected were not in accordance with Brazilian regulations. Thirty percent of samples were positive for total coliform, and one sample was positive for infectious adenovirus (38 PFU/L). Chlorine concentration was higher in some districts closer to the provider and during the summer season. These results could be useful in informing political resolutions aiming to improve the quality of drinking water, and to protect human health.
A psicologia na assistência social: considerações sobre o percurso histórico deste “novo” campo
Authors: Gomes Nayara De Souza , Gonçalves Sílvia Maria Melo
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre o histórico da Assistência Social no Brasil enquanto profissão até se tornar Política Pública. Também esclarece os diversos serviços de proteção social, situando a inserção da Psicologia nesta área. Para tanto, investiu-se na seguinte frente de análise: foram levantadas produções científicas, Leis que norteiam a assistência, bem como documentos de orientação da prática profissional nas diversas proteções sociais. Este estudo bibliográfico defende a importância de uma formação mais completa no que tange nosso atual cenário de prática profissional e conclui defendendo a importância de uma visão crítica da presença do psicólogo na Política Pública de Assistência Social.
Mucocele de apêndice: Relato de dois casos e revisão literária
Authors: Batista Ana Beatriz Esteves , Vieira Richard Raphael Borges Tavares , Vieira Victor Carlos Saiz , Pereira Laura Dias , De Paula Joaquim Ferreira , Batista Carlos Augusto Marques
Published: June 2018

A mucocele é a dilatação da luz do apêndice devido ao acúmulo de material mucinoso no seu interior que ocorre após sua obstrução. É uma doença rara e geralmente assintomática, sendo na maioria das vezes um achado incidental no momento da laparotomia. Todavia, pode cursar com dor abdominal, alterações de hábito intestinal, massa abdominal, sangramento intestinal, anemia e emagrecimento. O tratamento da mucocele é fundamentalmente cirúrgico e a complicação mais importante é o pseudomixoma peritoneal. Neste trabalho realizamos uma revisão literária e a descrição de 2 casos diagnosticados e tratados no Hospital Escola Luiz Gioseffi Jannuzzi (HELGJ), onde as pacientes evoluíram bem somente após a remoção cirúrgica do apêndice.
Dermografismo Imediato Sintomático. Relato de caso
Authors: Souza Maria Cristina Almeida de , Richa Ricardo Henrique Schlaucher
Published: June 2018

Dermografismo é uma forma de urticária física que pode chegar a acometer até 5% da população levando ao surgimento de lesões papulares e pruriginosas. Surge após estímulos físicos e é capaz de promover profundos impactos na qualidade de vida, pois pode se manifestar de forma grave com um quadro de angioedema. O quadro pode se manifestar em qualquer faixa etária, mas é mais frequente a partir da segunda década de vida. O sexo feminino é mais acometido. O diagnóstico é clínico, mas o pouco conhecimento sobre as dermopatias torna a sua identificação um desafio para os profissionais. O tratamento é simples, embora a cura possa não ser alcançada na maior parte dos casos. O caso de dermografismo imediato sintomático relatado neste artigo ratifica a relevância da atuação dos profissionais que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde no diagnóstico precoce e na adequada proposta terapêutica.
Sêmen bovino sexado: A produção in vitro de embriões pode ser influenciada pelo touro doador do material genético?
Authors: Serafim Priscila Rodrigues , Gomes Gustavo Mendes , Gomes Letícia Patrão de Macedo , Born Joana Larissa Barbosa , Sant’Ana Borges Marcelo , Maciel Crespilho André
Published: June 2018

O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a possível influência do touro doador de sêmen sexado na taxa de formação de blastocistos e resultados de concepção de embriões produzidos in vitro. Para o estudo foram utilizadas 29 vacas holandesas doadoras de embriões oriundas de uma única fazenda pertencente à iniciativa privada. As doadoras foram selecionadas de acordo com sua produção leiteira, histórico reprodutivo e mérito genético e foram submetidas à aspiração folicular e posterior seleção de ovócitos viáveis, que foram fertilizados com material genético sexado de fêmea de 7 touros da raça Gir. A taxa de formação de embriões no cultivo in vitro e índices de concepção pós-transferência de embriões (TE) foram computados e analisados através de teste Qui-quadrado utilizando software Graph Pad Prism Instat 5.0®, considerando nível de significância de 5%. Foi observada grande variação na taxa de produção de embriões, que oscilou de 16,09% a 47,83%, com média de 31,97±8,57, havendo tendência de influência do touro/sêmen sexado sobre as taxas de formação de blastocistos (P=0.0659). Na taxa de concepção dos embriões transferidos observou-se efeito significativo exercido pelo sêmen sexado (p=0.0230), com resultados oscilando entre 12,5% a 77,78%, na dependência do touro doador do sêmen. Conclui-se que existe variação nas taxas de produção embrionária e na fertilidade de embriões produzidos in vitro de acordo com o touro doador do sêmen sexado.
Inventory simulation model of frozen-meat for food-safety program
Authors: Darajat Moch Yandra , Komarudin Komarudin , Hidayatno Akhmad
Published: June 2018

This research discusses the application of inventory simulation and optimization model for food safety program in Indonesia. Frozen meat is a complementary commodity for fresh meat that has an inadequate supply in the country. The disadvantage of frozen meat is that it needs to be stored in a refrigerator to maintain its quality and thus increases the cost. Therefore, an appropriate inventory policy is crucial to minimize the cost. In order to deal with this situation, a Monte Carlo simulation followed by an optimization model is proposed. Specifically, the Moving Average and the Winter Methods are used to predict the demand in the future. The results show the best inventory policy thus the cost is minimized and the national needs are satisfied.
Patient Willingness to Consent to Mobile Phone Data Collection for Mental Health Apps: Structured Questionnaire
Authors: Di Matteo Daniel , Fine Alexa , Fotinos Kathryn , Rose Jonathan , Katzman Martin
Published: June 2018

Background

It has become possible to use data from a patient’s mobile phone as an adjunct or alternative to the traditional self-report and interview methods of symptom assessment in psychiatry. Mobile data–based assessment is possible because of the large amounts of diverse information available from a modern mobile phone, including geolocation, screen activity, physical motion, and communication activity. This data may offer much more fine-grained insight into mental state than traditional methods, and so we are motivated to pursue research in this direction. However, passive data retrieval could be an unwelcome invasion of privacy, and some may not consent to such observation. It is therefore important to measure patients’ willingness to consent to such observation if this approach is to be considered for general use.

Objective

The aim of this study was to measure the ownership rates of mobile phones within the patient population, measure the patient population’s willingness to have their mobile phone used as an experimental assessment tool for their mental health disorder, and, finally, to determine how likely patients would be to provide consent for each individual source of mobile phone–collectible data across the variety of potential data sources.

Methods

New patients referred to a tertiary care mood and anxiety disorder clinic from August 2016 to October 2017 completed a survey designed to measure their mobile phone ownership, use, and willingness to install a mental health monitoring app and provide relevant data through the app.

Results

Of the 82 respondents, 70 (85%) reported owning an internet-connected mobile phone. When asked about installing a hypothetical mobile phone app to assess their mental health disorder, 41% (33/80) responded with complete willingness to install with another 43% (34/80) indicating potential willingness to install such an app. Willingness to give permissions for specific types of data varied by data source, with respondents least willing to consent to audio recording and analysis (19% [15/80] willing respondents, 31% [25/80] potentially willing) and most willing to consent to observation of the mobile phone screen being on or off (46% [36/79] willing respondents and 23% [18/79] potentially willing).

Conclusions

The patients surveyed had a high incidence of ownership of internet-connected mobile phones, which suggests some plausibility for the general approach of mental health state inference through mobile phone data. Patients were also relatively willing to consent to data collection from sources that were less personal but expressed less willingness for the most personal communication and location data.
Digital Characteristics and Dissemination Indicators to Optimize Delivery of Internet-Supported Mindfulness-Based Interventions for People With a Chronic Condition: Systematic Review
Authors: Russell Lahiru , Ugalde Anna , Milne Donna , Austin David , Livingston Patricia M
Published: June 2018

Background

Internet-supported mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are increasingly being used to support people with a chronic condition. Characteristics of MBIs vary greatly in their mode of delivery, communication patterns, level of facilitator involvement, intervention period, and resource intensity, making it difficult to compare how individual digital features may optimize intervention adherence and outcomes.

Objective

The aims of this review were to (1) provide a description of digital characteristics of internet-supported MBIs and examine how these relate to evidence for efficacy and adherence to the intervention and (2) gain insights into the type of information available to inform translation of internet-supported MBIs to applied settings.

Methods

MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies assessing an MBI delivered or accessed via the internet and engaging participants in daily mindfulness-based activities such as mindfulness meditations and informal mindfulness practices. Only studies using a comparison group of alternative interventions (active compactor), usual care, or wait-list were included. Given the broad definition of chronic conditions, specific conditions were not included in the original search to maximize results. The search resulted in 958 articles, from which 11 articles describing 10 interventions met the inclusion criteria.

Results

Internet-supported MBIs were more effective than usual care or wait-list groups, and self-guided interventions were as effective as facilitator-guided interventions. Findings were informed mainly by female participants. Adherence to interventions was inconsistently defined and prevented robust comparison between studies. Reporting of factors associated with intervention dissemination, such as population representativeness, program adoption and maintenance, and costs, was rare.

Conclusions

More comprehensive descriptions of digital characteristics need to be reported to further our understanding of features that may influence engagement and behavior change and to improve the reproducibility of MBIs. Gender differences in determinants and patterns of health behavior should be taken into account at the intervention design stage to accommodate male and female preferences. Future research could compare MBIs with established evidence-based therapies to identify the population groups that would benefit most from internet-supported programs.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42017078665; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=78665 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/71ountJpu)
Inferring Physical Function From Wearable Activity Monitors: Analysis of Free-Living Activity Data From Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis (Preprint)
Authors: Agarwal Vibhu , Smuck Matthew , Tomkins-Lane Christy , Shah Nigam H
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Clinical assessments for physical function do not objectively quantify routine daily activities. Wearable activity monitors (WAMs) enable objective measurement of daily activities, but it remains unclear how these map to clinically measured physical function measures.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to derive a representation of physical function from daily measurements of free-living activity obtained through a WAM. In addition, we evaluate our derived measure against objectively measured function using an ordinal classification setup.

METHODS

We defined function profiles representing average time spent in a set of pattern classes over consecutive days. We constructed a function profile using minute-level activity data from a WAM available from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Using the function profile as input, we trained statistical models that classified subjects into quartiles of objective measurements of physical function as measured through the 400-m walk test, 20-m walk test, and 5 times sit-stand test. Furthermore, we evaluated model performance on held-out data.

RESULTS

The function profile derived from minute-level activity data can accurately predict physical performance as measured through clinical assessments. Using held-out data, the Goodman-Kruskal Gamma statistic obtained in classifying performance values in the first quartile, interquartile range, and the fourth quartile was 0.62, 0.53, and 0.51 for the 400-m walk, 20-m walk, and 5 times sit-stand tests, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Function profiles accurately represent physical function, as demonstrated by the relationship between the profiles and clinically measured physical performance. The estimation of physical performance through function profiles derived from free-living activity data may enable remote functional monitoring of patients.
Структурні зміни слизової оболонки шлунка в пацієнтів iз кишковою метаплазією та гіперпродукцією оксиду азоту
Authors: Mosiychuk L.M. , Oshmianska N.Yu. , Babii S.M.
Published: June 2018

Мета: проаналізувати структурні зміни слизової оболонки шлунка та оцінити роль системи оксиду азоту в цих процесах у пацієнтів iз хронічним гастритом та кишковою метаплазією. Матеріали та методи. Морфологічне дослідження проводилося в 38 пацієнтів iз хронічним гастритом та атрофією, локальною (антральний відділ шлунка) або дифузною кишковою метаплазією. Концентрація оксиду азоту була визначена у вмісті шлунка та в крові всіх пацієнтів. Результати. Морфометричне дослідження показало помітне зниження (до (0,12 ± 0,04) %) ядерно-цитоплазматичного співвідношення в пацієнтів iз кишковою метаплазією порівняно з тими, хто мав атрофію. Еліптичність ядер клітин також зменшувалася з розвитком кишкової метаплазії та в пацієнтів без метапластичних змін дорівнювала (0,76 ± 0,04) %, у випадках локальної кишкової метаплазії — (0,65 ± 0,11) %, при дифузнiй метаплазії — (0,41 ± 0,12) %. Встановлено, що у хворих iз кишковою метаплазією, локалiзованою в антральному відділі, рівень оксиду азоту в шлунковому соку збільшується і на 24–65 % перевищує контрольну величину. Розглянуто можливий механізм загибелі клітин слизової оболонки шлунка внаслiдок апоптозу та некрозу в умовах гіперпродукції оксиду азоту. Висновки. Iнгібуючий ефект оксиду азоту на шлункову секрецію реалізується за рахунок його стимулюючого впливу на активність циклооксигенази та синтезу простагландинів.
Комплексна терапія гастроезофагеальної рефлюксної хвороби у поєднанні з тривожно-депресивними станами в учасників антитерористичної операції
Authors: Osyodlo G.V. , Radushynska M.V. , Gurianov V.G.
Published: June 2018

Мета. Встановлення частоти і вираженості тривожно-депресивних розладів в учасників антитерористичної операції (АТО), хворих на гастроезофагеальну рефлюксну хворобу (ГЕРХ) із різними ендо­скопічними формами, та оцінювання впливу психокорегуючих препаратів при їх додатковому призначенні. Матеріали та методи. Для оцінки психічного стану 108 військовослужбовців — учасників АТО, хворих на ГЕРХ, чоловічої статі у перший день загальноклінічного обстеження використовувалася госпітальна шкала тривоги і депресії HADS за градацією визначення тривоги і депресії. Як психокорегуючі засоби було обрано сульпірид і флуоксетин. Результати. У результаті дослідження психоемоційні розлади мали місце у 108 (100 %) військовослужбовців — учасників АТО. Астеноневротичний синдром встановлено у 14 (35 %) хворих на неерозивну рефлюксну хворобу (НЕРХ) та у 28 (41,2 %) пацієнтів з ерозивною формою ГЕРХ (ЕРХ), тривожно-депресивний синдром діагностовано у 26 (65 %) військовослужбовців із НЕРХ та 40 (58,8 %) чоловіків, хворих на ЕРХ. При проведенні аналізу не виявлено зв’язку ефективності лікування з ендоскопічною формою ГЕРХ при застосуванні як сульпіриду (p = 0,87), так і флуоксетину (p = 0,40). Встановлено, що застосування флуоксетину дає можливість знизити (p = 0,02) ризик недосягнення ефекту: від 38,2 % (95% вірогідний інтервал (ВІ) 22,3–55,6 %) при лікуванні сульпіридом до 9,1 % (95% ВІ 1,7–21,6 %) при лікуванні флуоксетином. Висновки. Комплексне призначення стандартної терапії з корекцією психоемоційних проявів дозволяє покращити перебіг ГЕРХ, сприяє більш швидкій регресії клінічних проявів. Порівняння клінічної ефективності додаткового призначення психотропних препаратів показало переваги флуоксетину (відносний ризик = 0,24 (95% ВІ 0,07–0,76)) порівняно з сульпіридом.
Стан судинного ендотелію у пацієнтів з хронічними запальними захворюваннями кишечника i різним нутритивним статусом
Authors: Konenko I.S. , Karachinova V.A. , Stoykevich M.V. , Klenina I.A.
Published: June 2018

Актуальність. Визначення ендотеліальної функції за допомогою неінвазивних методів відіграє основну роль у прогнозуваннi перебігу різних захворювань, ризику розвитку ускладнень та оцінцi лікування. Мета: оцінка ендотеліальної функції в пацієнтів iз хронічними запальними захворюваннями кишечника (ХЗЗК) залежно від їхнього нутритивного статусу шляхом визначення стану судинного ендотелію в пробі з реактивною гіперемією та вмісту метаболітів оксиду азоту (МОА) в сироватці крові. Матеріали та методи. Сто двадцять пацієнтів iз ХЗЗК (81 — iз неспецифічним виразковим колітом (НВК) та 39 пацієнтів із хворобою Крона (ХК)) були розподілені на групи залежно від антропометричних характеристик: І — зі зниженим нутритивним статусом (n = 70); ІІ — iз нормальним (n = 20); ІІІ — iз підвищеним нутритивним статусом (n = 30). У сироватці крові пацієнтів вимірювали рівень МОА за В.А. Метельською. Для оцінки ендотеліальної функції визначали ендотелійзалежну вазодилатацію плечової артерії в пробі з реактивною гіперемією. Результати. На основі проведених досліджень встановлено вірогідне зниження вмісту МОА в сироватці крові: у пацієнтів iз НВК — у 1,7 раза (р < 0,01) та з ХК — в 1,9 раза (р < 0,001). Зниження вмісту МОА в сироватці крові не залежало від нутритивного статусу пацієнтів iз ХЗЗК. Порушення функції судинного ендотелію виявлено в 76,7 % випадків: зниження функції ендотелію — у 49,2 %, дисфункція — у 27,5 %. Зміни функції судинного ендотелію зареєстровано в 75,7 % пацієнтів І групи, 75 % — ІІ та у 83,4 % пацієнтів ІІІ групи, переважно внаслiдок зниження функції ендотелію. Висновки. Показано, що в 71 % пацієнтів iз ХЗЗК відбувається вірогідне зниження вмісту МОА в сироватці крові, що не залежить від їхнього нутритивного статусу. У хворих iз НВК спостерігалися більш виражені зміни у частотi виявлених порушень та більш значне зростання діаметра плечової артерії порівняно iз пацієнтами з ХК. Зниження нутритивного статусу супроводжувалося змінами функції судинного ендотелію в 75,4 % випадків.
Застосування еластографії у хворих із хронічними захворюваннями печінки
Authors: Zhuravlyova L.V. , Ogneva O.V.
Published: June 2018

У статті розглянуті переваги й недоліки неінвазивного методу діагностики фіброзу печінки — еластографії. Описано види даного методу дослідження, області застосування. Вказані найбільш ефективні види еластографії для різних хронічних захворювань печінки (хронічні гепатити В і С, неалкогольна жирова хвороба печінки, аутоімунні захворювання гепатобіліарної системи та алкогольна хвороба печінки). Проаналізовані дані нових рандомізованих контрольованих досліджень.
Application and comparison of generalized propensity score matching versus pairwise propensity score matching
Authors: Cui Zhanglin L , Hess Lisa M , Goodloe Robert , Faries Doug
Published: June 2018

Aim:
A comparison of conventional pairwise propensity score matching (PSM) and generalized PSM method was applied to the comparative effectiveness of multiple treatment options for lung cancer.
Materials & methods:
Deidentified data were analyzed. Covariate balances between compared treatments were assessed before and after PSM. Cox proportional hazards regression compared overall survival after PSM.
Results & conclusion:
The generalized PSM analyses were able to retain 61.2% of patients, while the conventional PSM analyses were able to match from 24.1 to 77.1% of patients from each treatment comparison. The generalized PSM achieved statistical significance (p < 0.05) in 8/10 comparisons, whereas conventional pairwise PSM achieved 1/10. The noted differences arose from different matched patient samples and the size of the samples.
LINGUISTIC ERRORS OF USING INDONESIAN IN FOREIGN LEARNERS’ WRITINGS
Authors: Sri Darmayani Ni Wayan , Artawa Ketut , Sri Satyawati Made
Published: June 2018

This research was aimed at describing errors of using Indonesian in foreign learners’ writings and understanding causing factors of those errors. This research applied qualitative-descriptive approach method. The data were sixteen Indonesian writings written by foreign learners. The findings of this study reveal that there are such linguistic errors related to spelling, such as: errors in capitalization, error in writing affixed and root words, error in writing numbers, error in using punctuations, and error in writing borrowed word; related to morphology, such as: error in using the root, error in morphophonemic process, and error in using affixes; related to syntax, such as: errors in phrase structure and errors in sentence structure; and related to lexicon, such as: the use of pleonastic words, errors in word choice, and the use of unnecessary interrogative words. Moreover, the causing factors of those errors are linguistic and non-linguistic factors. Linguistic factors can be classified into three factors, they are interlingual factor, intralingual factor, and the daily use of Indonesian. Meanwhile, non-linguistic factors can be classified into two factors, they are imperfect language learning and learner’s community environment.
Effect of Embedding Materials in the Drying Process of Rose cv. Valencia
Authors:   Department of Horticulture, Aromatic & Medicinal Plants, Mizoram University, Tanhril, Aizawl 796004, India, hriati Vanlal , Khawlhring Chhungpuii , Lalmuankima H.T.
Published: June 2018

Freshly harvested, semi opened rose flowers cv. Valencia were dried with different embedding materials viz. silica gel, borax and fine sand. These embedding materials were used alone, or in combination as mixture of equal proportions of silica gel and borax (50:50); silica gel and sand(50:50); sand and borax (50:50); and were subjected to drying under ambient conditions. Different parameters were recorded such as loss in weight, petal shrinkage, sensory evaluations of colour, texture, shape, overall acceptability and also drying time. The results revealed that among the different embedding materials tried, flowers dried in silica gel has the highest moisture loss, highest score in sensory characters and also took the shortest time for drying.
Sustainable Management of Soil for Carbon Sequestration
Authors:   Department of Forestry, Mizoram University, Aizawl–796004, Kumar Kewat Sanjay
Published: June 2018

Mechanisms governing carbon stabilization in soils have received a great deal of attention in recent years due to their relevance in the global carbon cycle. Two thirds of the global terrestrial organic C stocks in ecosystems are stored in below ground components as terrestrial carbon pools in soils. Furthermore, mean residence time of soil organic carbon pools have slowest turnover rates in terrestrial ecosystems and thus there is vast potential to sequester atmospheric CO2 in soil ecosystems. Depending upon soil management practices it can be served as source or sink for atmospheric CO2. Sustainable management systems and practices such as conservation agriculture, agroforestry and application of biochar are emerging and promising tools for soil carbon sequestration. Increasing soil carbon storage in a system simultaneously improves the soil health by increase in infiltration rate, soil biota and fertility, nutrient cycling and decrease in soil erosion process, soil compaction and C emissions. Henceforth, it is vital to scientifically explore the mechanisms governing C flux in soils which is poorly understood in different ecosystems under anthropogenic interventions making soil as a potential sink for atmospheric CO2 to mitigate climate change. Henceforth, present paper aims to review basic mechanism governing carbon stabilization in soils and new practices and technological developments in agricultural and forest sciences for C sequestration in terrestrial soil ecosystems.