bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity and composition of Trichoptera (Insecta) larvae assemblages in streams with different environmental conditions at Serra da Bocaina, Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Henriques-Oliveira Ana Lucia , Nessimian Jorge Luiz , Baptista Darcílio Fernandes
Published: April 2016

Abstract: Aim The goal of this study is to examine the composition and richness of caddisfly assemblages in streams at the Serra da Bocaina Mountains, Southeastern Brazil, and to identify the main environmental variables, affecting caddisfly assemblages at the streams with different conditions of land use. Methods The sampling was conducted in 19 streams during September and October 2007. All sites were characterized physiographically by application of environmental assessment protocol to Atlantic Forest streams and by some physical and chemical parameters. Of the 19 streams sampled, six were classified as reference, six streams as intermediate (moderate anthropic impact) and seven streams as poor (strong anthropic impact). In each site, a multi-habitat sampling was taken with a kick sampler net. The sample was composed by 20 units, each one corresponded to 1 m2 of collected substrate, corresponding 20 m2 of sampling area. The material was placed in a plastic container (500 µm of mesh), washed, homogenized and sub-sampled. For each stream, 6 subsamples were randomly sorted. Results Were collected 2,113 caddisfly larvae, belonging to 12 families and 28 genera. Hydropsychidae and Leptoceridae were the most abundant families, and Smicridea was the most abundant genus. Sorensen’s index results showed that the streams studied were grouped according to environmental integrity. The Indicator Species Analysis showed only characteristic taxa to reference streams. Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed that caddisfly assemblage was strongly influenced by nitrate concentration, pH and condition of riparian vegetation. Multiple regression analysis indicated significant correlations to five genera with some environmental parameters, besides total abundance of Trichoptera. Conclusions Ours results showed that degree of environmental impact, mainly the nitrate concentration, pH, and condition of cover vegetation acted as a major factor in determining the Trichoptera assemblages present in the stream of the Serra da Bocaina, separating streams along an environmental gradient.
Cattle Grazing Effects on Phragmites australis in Nebraska
Authors: Volesky Jerry D. , Young Stephen L. , Jenkins Karla H.
Published: April 2016

Phragmites australis (common reed) is one of the most widely distributed flowering plants in North America. The introduced lineage occurs in wetland and riparian areas covering a range of climatic types. In Nebraska, an abundance of livestock could help to reduce P. australis with proper timing and grazing intensities. In 2011, a 3-yr study was initiated to evaluate targeted cattle grazing and herbicide effects and the nutritive value of this species. Treatments included a single application of imazapyr (Habitat®, BASF Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC) herbicide applied in the first year, grazing, and a control. Grazing was applied for up to five consecutive days in June and August 2011 and 2012 and in June 2013. Stem density, height, and biomass of P. australis were determined before each grazing period and in 2014. Diet samples were collected from rumenally fistulated steers each grazing period. Imazapyr provided 100% control of P. australis; however, re-establishment began 2 yr posttreatment. Grazing significantly reduced pregrazing P. australis biomass in the second and third growing season (P < 0.05). Stem density and height in the grazed treatment was similar to the control through 2012; however, in 2013 and 2014, control stem density was 1.5 times greater and height was 1.4 times that of the grazed treatment. Crude protein content of diet samples was greater in 2011 (16.8%) compared with 2012 (14.3%, P < 0.05). In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of diet samples (45.4%) was not affected by year or month (P > 0.05). The relatively low IVDMD suggests that some form of energy supplementation would be needed to create a better nutritional balance. The cumulative effect of grazing does have the potential to reduce P. australis populations, but other methods would have to be used for greater control and site restoration.
Plastid DNA Analysis Reveals Cryptic Hybridization in Invasive Dalmatian Toadflax (Linaria dalmatica) Populations
Authors: Boswell Andrew , Sing Sharlene E. , Ward Sarah M.
Published: April 2016

Gene flow between Dalmatian toadflax (DT) and yellow toadflax (YT), both aggressive invaders throughout the Intermountain West, is creating hybrid populations potentially more invasive than either parent species. To determine the direction of gene flow in these hybrid populations, species-diagnostic cytoplasmic markers were developed. Markers were based on polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) polymorphisms in the trnT-D chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) region digested with Alu1, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the matK and trnL-F chloroplast-barcoding regions. Four hybrid toadflax populations sampled from Colorado, Montana, and Washington contained both DT and YT cytoplasm, with YT predominating; 25 individuals from a fifth hybrid population from Idaho all had identical YT cpDNA haplotypes. Thirteen plants from two Colorado populations, assumed to be DT based on morphology and geographic isolation from any known YT population, were found to have YT cpDNA haplotypes. These results indicate that gene flow between invasive YT and DT populations is more widespread that previously realized and confirms that cryptic introgression of YT alleles has occurred in multiple western U.S. DT populations. The presence of YT genetic material in presumed DT populations may negatively affect host recognition and establishment by biocontrol agents used for toadflax management.
Ethnicity and Health in Colombia: What Do Self-perceived Health Indicators Tell Us?
Authors: Agudelo-Suarez Andres A. , Martinez-Herrera Eliana , Posado-Lopez Adriana , Rocha-Buelvas Anderson
Published: April 2016

Objective: To compare self-perceived health indicators between ethnic  groups in Colombia.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from the 2007 National Public Health Survey (ENSP-2007). Data from 57,617 people ≥18 years were used. Variables included: belonging to an ethnic group (exposure);
self-rated health; mental health problems, injuries for accidents/violence (outcomes); sex, age, education level and occupation (explicative/control). A descriptive study was carried out of the explicative variables, and the prevalence of the outcomes was calculated according to ethnicity, education level and occupation. The association between the exposure variable and the outcomes was estimated by means of adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI using logistic regression. Analyses were conducted separately for men and women.

Results: The prevalence of outcomes was higher in people reporting to belong to an ethnic group and differences were found by sex, ethnic groups and health outcomes. Women from the Palenquero group were
more likely to report poor self-rated health (aOR 7.04; 95%CI 2.50-19.88) and injuries from accidents/violence (aOR 7.99; 95%CI 2.89-22.07). Indigenous men were more likely to report mental health problems (aOR 1.75; 95%CI 1.41-2.17). Gradients according to ethnicity, education, occupation and sex were found.

Conclusions: Minority ethnic groups are vulnerable to reporting poor health
outcomes. Political actions are required to diminish health inequalities in these groups. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(2):147-156; doi:10.18865/ed.26.2.147
Diabetes Education, Specialty Care, and Self-Care Advice among Obese African American Women with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Miller Stephania T. , Cunningham-Erves Jennifer , Akohoue Sylvie A.
Published: April 2016

Objective: Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) includes benchmarks for diabetes management. The objective of our study was to describe diabetes management among African American women, a patient group that carries a disproportionate diabetes burden.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Participants: African American women with type 2 diabetes enrolled in dietary and weight management interventions.

Main Outcome Measures: Self-report assessments of diabetes education, specialty care, self-care behaviors and advice. Associations between diabetes self-care behaviors and diabetes advice using Chi-square tests.

Results: Among 96 participants (age = 53 ± 9.4; BMI = 37.9 ± 7.3 kg/m2), reported diabetes education and foot exams were lower than HP2020 benchmarks, 48.9% vs 62.5% and 35.1% vs 74.8%, respectively and higher for dilated eye exams (70.1% vs 58.7%). The most frequently reported dietary advice was to increase fruit/ vegetable intake (58%) and approximately 50% reported physical activity advice. Receiving no exercise advice was associated with greater odds of little or no physical activity (OR = 3.38) and planned exercises (OR = 2.65).

Conclusion: Receipt of diabetes education and some specialty care were below national benchmarks while health care provider advice influenced patient self-care behaviors. Increasing diabetes education and specialty care should be included within existing efforts to address the excess diabetes burden experienced by African American women. Longitudinal studies exploring the relationship between health care provider advice and self-care behaviors are needed. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(2):229-234; doi:10.18865/ed.26.2.229
Rationale and Design of the Women and Inclusion in Academic Medicine Study
Authors: Hill Emorcia V. , Wake Michael , Carapinha René , Normand Sharon-Lise , Wolf Robert E. , Norris Keith , Reede Joan Y.
Published: April 2016

Background and Objective: Women of color (WOC) (African American, Hispanic, Native American/Alaskan Native, and Asian American) faculty remain disproportionately underrepresented among medical school faculty and especially at senior ranks compared with White female faculty. The barriers or facilitators to the career advancement of WOC are poorly understood. The Women and Inclusion in Academic Medicine (WIAM) study was developed to characterize individual, institutional and sociocultural factors that influence the entry, progression and persistence, and advancement of women faculty in academic medical careers with a focus on WOC.

Methods: Using a purposive sample of 13 academic medical institutions, we collected qualitative interview data from 21 WOC junior faculty and quantitative data from 3,127 (38.9% of 8,053 eligible women) respondents via an online survey. To gather institutional data, we used an online survey and conducted 23 key administrative informant interviews from the 13 institutions. Grounded theory methodology will be used to analyze qualitative data. Multivariable analysis including hierarchical linear modeling will be used to investigate outcomes, such as the inclusiveness of organizational gender climate and women faculty’s intent to stay.

Conclusion: We describe the design, methods, rationale and limitations of one of the largest and most comprehensive studies of women faculty in academic medicine with a focus on WOC. This study will enhance our understanding of challenges that face women, and, especially WOC, faculty in academic medicine and will provide solutions at both the individual and institutional levels. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(2): 245-254; doi:10.18865/ed.26.2.245
Stroke Knowledge in African Americans: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sharrief Anjail Z. , Johnson Brenda , Abada Sharon , Urrutia Victor C.
Published: April 2016

Objective: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the state of knowledge in regard to stroke literacy in African Americans. This topic is important for assessing the specific gaps in stroke knowledge for this population, as well as to evaluate the methodology that has been used to assess stroke literacy.

Methods: This narrative review includes studies that evaluated and reported stroke knowledge in African Americans and were published between January 2000 and October 2015.

Results: Our review revealed that disparities may exist in recognition of headache and visual symptoms, knowledge of the organ in which stroke occurs, and identification of tobacco use as a risk factor. Stress may be perceived as a more important risk factor among African Americans than among White Americans. The literature does not suggest disparities in knowledge of the appropriate action to take for stroke.

Conclusions: Racial disparities may exist for specific domains of stroke knowledge. Future studies should explore specific gaps in knowledge to be addressed in stroke prevention interventions for African Americans. Standardization of methods is needed to aid comparisons across populations. The relationship between stroke knowledge and clinical outcomes also needs to be evaluated. Ethn Dis. 26(2):255-262; doi:10.18865/ed.26.2.255
The Role(s) of Image for Young Bilinguals Reading Multimodal Informational Texts
Authors: Moses Lindsey
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine how young bilinguals construct meaning with multimodal informational texts. The most frequently used literacy practice to support the meaning construction involved viewing an image. The function of image played four distinct, but important roles: image as access to meaning and content; image as prompt for discussion; image as a catalyst to seek access to printed text; image as a multimodal complement to printed text. The roles were examined using a case study approach that drew on multiple levels of analysis in order to describe content knowledge and language development among first-grade bilinguals over an academic year.
Reading Lolita: A Dialogic Encounter with Self and Others
Authors: Parr Michelann , Campbell Terry
Published: April 2016

This paper represents a conversation between two individuals, a blending the tales of two literacy researchers: one who is interested in problems of subjectivity found in reading and in moral learning; one a researcher who is oriented toward understanding self and subjectivity with regard to the role of the researcher and underlying beliefs and assumptions about research. Bernstein (1983) tells us that  “only in a dialogic encounter with what is not understood, with what is alien, with what makes a claim upon us, can we open ourselves to risking and testing our preconceptions and prejudices” (p. 195). The paper is a dialogic encounter between two individuals open to understanding, testing, and resolving the ultimate act of war within ourselves.
Staging Teachers’ Stories: Performing Understandings of Writing and Teaching Writing
Authors: Honeyford Michelle A. , Serebrin Wayne
Published: April 2016

In response to concerns about declining writing instruction in K-12 classrooms, this qualitative interview study draws on ethnodrama to better understand teachers’ experiences teaching writing in one Canadian province. Through dramaturgical coding of 21 transcripts, we examine teachers’ objectives, conflicts, and tactics in teaching writing, as well as the significant role of educators’ subjectivities as writers and writing teachers, the settings in which they work, the people who influence their thinking and practice, and their engagement in reflexive inquiry. Two dramatic vignettes explore these themes. We then discuss implications for creating a province-wide professional learning network in critical writing pedagogies.
The Constancy of the School "Canon": A Survey of Texts Used in Grade 10 English Language Arts in 2006 and 1996
Authors: Mackey Margaret , Vermeer Leslie , Storie Dale , DeBlois Elizabeth
Published: April 2016

This article reports on a 2006 survey of texts used in Grade 10 English language arts classes in Edmonton, Alberta.  The survey uses the same instrument as a previous 1996 survey and provides comparative data from a section of the same pool as participated in 1996.  In terms of the most popular titles, there has been very little change during that decade.  To Kill a Mockingbird and Romeo and Juliet continue to be the most widely taught texts by a considerable margin.  Texts taught in only one class show more variability.  Reasons for the striking constancy of the title list are considered.
A Question of Access: Finding Information Books for Emergent Readers
Authors: Larkin-Lieffers Patricia A.
Published: April 2016

Emergent readers enjoy and benefit from reading age appropriate information books, and there are many books published for this cohort. However, the few studies conducted on access suggest that opportunities to find these books are limited. Early reading instruction usually favours fiction, while school library collections may be limited due to budget constraints. Retail selection is poor, and few awards recognize this genre. Public library access may be compromised due to budget issues, library design, fiction in displays, and parental behaviour. More research to clarify issues regarding access is needed to improve young children’s opportunities to find information books.
Exquisite Attention: From Compliance to Production
Authors: De Castell Suzanne
Published: April 2016

Attention has been a focus of much of the work I’ve done over the last several years, and in particular the ‘attentional economies’ (Lankshear and Knobel, 2002; de Castell and Jenson, 2005) involving teachers and learners in both classroom-based and non-formal educational environments.  What has become very clear is the need to distinguish between attentional behaviours, and other, more complex, more demanding and more generally ‘educative’ kinds of attention.  I’m drawn to the idea of ‘exquisite attention’, (Lather 2007:16) and particularly interested in the pleasures of attention, as well of course as its productivity.  Maybe its exquisiteness, a pleasure of attention, can be related to its productivity. We have long known that attention can be productive indeed, all by itself, seemingly. Consider the Hawthorne Effect, notorious among researchers---as soon as I begin to pay attention to you, you get better at what you are doing. Having other people pay close and careful attention to what you are doing often helps you do it better. But I want to argue that exquisite attention can never come from other people, but only from ourselves. And I want to set out some ways to see an ethics, an epistemology and a pedagogy in this small claim. Probably many of us gain considerable enjoyment from having other people pay attention to our work, but I’m going to argue that this is a mistake, and a misleading one, in several important ways.
Charting new directions: The Potential of Actor-Network Theory for Analyzing Children’s Videomaking
Authors: Degenais Diane , Fodor Andreea , Schulze Elizabeth , Toohey Kelleen
Published: April 2016

This paper represents preliminary efforts to understand what Actor-Network Theory (ANT) might contribute to our interest in analyzing what we hope are enhanced educational practices for second language (L2) learners. This theory encourages us to examine more closely the things, the tools, the non-human actants that are active in particular educational practices, and how those tools and not others, “exclude, invite and regulate particular forms of participation” (Fenwick and Edwards, 2010, p. 7). We identify aspects of ANT that are relevant to our work on videomaking, describe our videomaking research and provide two illustrations of how we began to see what ANT might offer in analysis of our video data and to consider its potential for guiding our ongoing fieldwork. We argue here that ANT highlights the importance of paying attention to the production of networks between both human and non-human actors during the videomaking process to understand how these interactions shape the school experiences of language learners.
Textual Construction of Middle School Math Students as “Thinkers”
Authors: Armstrong Alayne
Published: April 2016

This paper investigates how the mathematical performance of a group of middle school students might be characterized when the text breaks from tradition and constructs students as members of the mathematical community. Firstly, I will consider how a current Canadian textbook presents The Locker Problem through a depersonalized, formalized style that promotes its authority over the student-reader (Rotman, 2006). Next I will argue that the presentation of the problem through a Problem-of-the-Week (POW) format promotes the author/ity (Povey et al, 1990) of the student- reader over the text. Finally, I will present a classroom episode where a small group of students explore The Locker Problem based on the POW format. While some have argued that one can infer the experience of the student-reader through a text’s choice of words (Herbel-Eisenmann & Wagner, 2007), I suggest that the student-reader’s style of performing mathematics might also be inferred based on the text’s presentation of a problem.
Searching for Culturally Responsive Formative Reading Assessments: Retellings, Comprehension Questions, and Student Interviews
Authors: Piazza Susan V.
Published: April 2016

How do formative reading assessments influence educators’ ability to assess readers’ understandings in culturally responsive ways? This study examines three formative reading assessments to explore the capacity of each measure to fairly represent readers’ understandings without being influenced negatively by social and cultural diversity. The guiding question is “How do these three formative assessments inform and support culturally responsive literacy instruction?” Participants in this study include 10 young adolescent African American male readers. Data collection and analysis took place in a Midwestern urban university in the United States and makes use of a cross case comparison format. Interviews reveal that readers are the best informants regarding their own understandings about texts. Comprehension questions and retellings reveal discrepancies across readers’ understandings. It is crucial that students are given the benefit of responsive assessments in order to accurately demonstrate academic strengths and areas of instructional need.
How Do We Teach Them to Read If They Can’t Pay Attention? Change in Literacy Teaching Practice through Collaborative Learning
Authors: Murphy Shelley Leigh
Published: April 2016

A significant number of students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) struggle with their literacy learning (Kane & Bignell, 2014). This paper investigates the experiences of a group of teachers who participated in a collaborative learning community devoted to improving their literacy teaching for students with characteristics of ADHD. Five elementary general education classroom teachers were interviewed and observed while in the midst of professional development (PD) meetings and again six month after meetings had stopped. Findings illustrate that the PD resulted in sustained improvements in both teachers' sense of self-efficacy as literacy teachers and their literacy teaching practices. The PD also helped to contribute to more feelings of compassion and lower levels of stress related to teaching students with ADHD.
Teachers as Moral Compasses: Exploring Critical Literacy through Digital Social Justice Book Talks
Authors: Hughes Janette M. , Robertson Lorayne
Published: April 2016

A classroom-based study aimed to scaffold preservice teachers’ critical literacy through an exploration of trade picture books. The paper discusses preservice teachers’ shifting views of critical literacy and the place of critical literacy in the language arts classroom. It also assesses the usefulness of digital book talks for engaging preservice teachers with social justice issues. The book talks provided novice teachers with opportunities to question and challenge assumptions, evaluate their own actions and attitudes toward accepted moral standards, and to engage in positive social action. The preservice teachers’ responses to the assignment suggest a number of ways in which teachers can effectively use new media to explore social justice and equity issues with young students.
A Review of Multi Nation Companies Sample Interview Task for English Language Trainers
Authors: Manoah J John Sunil
Published: April 2016

The current market trend demands more from the English Language Trainers, especially in corporate, being a trainer I’ve taken part in many skill interviews with some profiled MNC’s throughout the country from which, what I’ve understood with these concern is, their evaluation process is extremely different from the evaluation process that followed in Indian education system, the first main difference is the passing score which is 100%, and even a point less in that is not accepted, since they wanted their trainers to be proficient in their respective subjects. In this paper I intend to prepare a sample interview task which normally MNC’s prefer to evaluate the language trainers, this article will give preparation strategies and ideas to the language trainers before they set up to attend interviews.
The Potency of Fibre Feeds and Their Needs by The Ruminants in Indonesia
Authors: Reksohadiprodjo S. , Hartadi H. , Soetrisno D. , Padmowijoto S. , Suhartanto B.
Published: April 2016

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Livestock Development From an Non Goverment Organization Perspective
Authors: Rangnekar D. V. , Sharma M. S. , Gahlot O. P.
Published: April 2016

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Towards Sustainable Ruminant Livestock Production in The Tropics Opportunities and Limitations of Rice Straw Based Systems
Authors: Bruchem J. Van , Zemmelink G.
Published: April 2016

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Development of Poultry Industry in Japan : Prospects of Guinea Fowl Production
Authors: Ogawa Hiroshi
Published: April 2016

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Effects of Feed Quality on Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis in Sheep
Authors: (Hermanto) Hermanto , Soetanto H. , (Soebarinoto) Soebarinoto
Published: April 2016

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The Effect of Zeolite on Performance of Japanese Quails In The Tropical Climate
Authors: Zainuddin D.
Published: April 2016

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Use of Biochemical Indicators to Evaluate The Nutritional Status of Lactating Cows
Authors: Astuti D. A. , Ekastuti D. R. , Sastradipradja D. , (Suryahadi) Suryahadi
Published: April 2016

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Maternal Serum Concentrations of Several Hormones in Does Bearing Different Fetal Number
Authors: Manalu W. , Sumaryadi M. Y. , Kusumorini N.
Published: April 2016

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The Effect of Fetal Number on Maternal Serum Progesterone and Estradiol of Ewes During Pregnancy
Authors: Manalu W. , Sumaryadi M. Y. , Kusumorini N.
Published: April 2016

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Contributions of Maternal Serum Progesterone and Estradiol Concentrations or Corpora Luteal and Fetal Number to Mammary Growth and Development of Ewes During Pregnancy
Authors: Sumaryadi M. Y. , Manalu W.
Published: April 2016

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Chemical Evaluation of Lignocellulolytic Microbes, Yeast and Lactobacilli Addition to Rice Straw at Silage Preservation
Authors: Yusiati L. M. , Bachrudin Z. , (Kustono) Kustono , Rahmadi D.
Published: April 2016

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Detection of Antibiotics Residue in Broiler Carcass
Authors: (Abubakar) Abubakar
Published: April 2016

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The Effects of Pregnancy and Nutritional Stress on Fat Partitioning in The Body of Ewes
Authors: Saka I. K. , Thompson J. M. , Hinch G. N. , Raynolds P.
Published: April 2016

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Physical and Organoleptic Quality of Meat Ball Beff Filled by Five Kinds of Filler
Authors: Triatmojo S. , Pertiwiningrum A. , Indaryani Y.
Published: April 2016

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Mucor Rennin Production by Protoplast Fusion For Cheese Manufacture
Authors: Purnomo H. , Radiati L. E. , (Purwadi) Purwadi
Published: April 2016

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Relation of Antler Stages and Reproductive Activity of Bawean Deer (Axis kuhlii) Stags
Authors: Dradjat Adji Santoso
Published: April 2016

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The Effect of Protein Feed Supplementation to Various Roughage Basal Feed on The Performance of Bligon Goats
Authors: (Kustantinah) Kustantinah , Hartadi H. , Yusiati L. M. , Utomo R. , Agus A. , Suhartanto B. , Holil F. , Dahono E.
Published: April 2016

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Pengaruh Penggunaan High Quality Feed Supplement terhadap Konsumsi dan Kecernaan Nutrien Sapi Perah Awal Laktasi (The Effect of High Quality Feed Supplement Addition on the Nutrient Consumption and Digestibility of Early Lactating Dairy Cow)
Authors: Astuti Andriyani , Agus Ali , Budi Subur Priyono Sasmito
Published: April 2016

The research was intended to know the effect of high quality feed supplement (HQFS) in the ration of first lactation dairy cow on nutrient consumption and digestibility. Twelve dairy cows of Friesian Holstein crossbred from
the Cooperative of Warga Mulya, Sleman. They were divided into three groups of treatment, namely control (K), substitution treatment (S), and supplementation treatment (A). Each treatment consisted of four cows. Group K fed concentrate only from Warga Mulya, while group S beside concentrate from Warga Mulya, amount of HQFS 300 gram/liter of milk produced was offered, and concentrate was reduced as much as the additional feed of HQFS. Group A was offered by concentrate Warga Mulya plus HQFS additionally for 300 gram/liter of milk per day. Water was provided ad libitum. The variable measured consisted of the feed consumption and digestion (dry matter (BK), crude protein (PK), total digestible nutrient (TDN), organic component (BO), crude fiber (SK), crude fat (LK), and nitrogen-free extract (BETN)). The variants of collected data were analyzed, using Completely Randomized Design one way classification. Results showed that there were significant difference (P<0.05) on BK, PK, TDN, BO, PK, SK, LK, and BETN consumption, while the digestion of BK, BO, SK, and LK did not indicate any differences. The digestion of PK and BETN were significantly different (P<0.05), i.e. A (66.09%), S (59.77%), and K (54.66%) on PK and A (75.30%), S
(73.11%), and K (70.69%) on BETN. The conclusion was that the addition of HQFS of first lactation dairy cow would increase nutrient consumption and crude protein and nitrogen-free extract digestibility.

(Key words: High quality feed supplement, Dairy cow, Consumption, Digestibility)
Pengaruh Berat Potong dan Harga Pembelian Domba dan Kambing Betina terhadap Gross Margin Jagal di Rumah Potong Hewan Mentik, Kresen, Bantul (The Effects of Slaughter Weight and Purchase Price of Female Sheep and Goats on the Butcher’s Gross Margin at Ment
Authors: Widiarto Wisnu , Widiati Rini , Budisatria I Gede Suparta
Published: April 2016

This study was aimed to determine the effect of slaughter weight and purchasing price of female sheep and goats on the butcher’s gross margins at the slaughterhouse of Mentik, Kresen, Bantul. The study was conducted to determine
the production activities of butchers. Sixty heads of local female sheep and goats respectively, were used as samples. The animals were divided into two groups, based on its body weight, namely 10 to 14.99 kg (BP1) and 15 to 20 kg
(BP2) of body weight. The data consisted of purchasing price, slaughter weight, variable cost, dressing and non carcass percentages and the butcher’s gross margin. Factorial analysis was used to determine the ratio between spesies and
groups which live weight is best for the production of sheep and female goats. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the effect of slaughter weight and purchase price to production of female sheep and goats, and
slaughter weight and variable costs to gross margin of sheep and female goats butchers. The results showed that Bligon female goats of 15-20 kg body weight has the highest value on production and gross margins, it was 9.83 kg and Rp.
104,901.50, respectively. The purchasing price and the slaughter weight significantly and positively affecting the production of female local sheep and goats with R2 = 0.718, female goats has better production than sheep. Slaughter
weight significantly and positively affecting the gross margin of the butcher. Variable costs significantly and negatively affecting the gross margins of the butcher with R2=0.665. Higher variable cost will reduce the butcher’s gross margin. There were differences in the gross margin of female sheep and goat. The Gross margin of female goats was better than the gross margins of sheep. It can be concluded that local female goat’s production and gross margin was better than sheep.

(Key words: Female local sheep and goats, Dressing and non carcass percentages, Production and Gross margin)
Kualitas Organoleptik Daging Kambing Lokal dengan Lama Pelayuan dan Cara Pemasakan yang Berbeda (Sensoring Quality of Lokal Goat Meat as Influenced by Different Length of Conditioning and Types of Cooking)
Authors: Hafid Harapin , Syam Adnan
Published: April 2016

The aim of this research was to study the effect of different length of conditioning time and types of cooking on sensory quality of meat from goats under traditional way of keeping in remote villages. The result of this research would lead to the ability to decide the better conditioning processes post slaughtering to increase meat quality. The research was done following a completely randomized design of 4x2 factorial, each combination of experimental treatment had three replications. The first factor was the length of conditioning (A), which were consisted of without conditioning (A0), three hour conditioning (A1), six hour conditioning (A2), and nine hour conditioning (A3). The second factor was the types of cooking (B) which were cooking by boiling (A1), and cooking by roasting (A2). The
result from a panel test indicated that conditioning processes for nine hours had capable of increasing quality of local native goat meat especially on aroma, flavor, juiciness, and final pH, mean while in the case of tenderness it did not
show any affect of different length of conditioning and types of cooking. Better quality would be obtained when conditioning was done for nine hours in side refrigerator.

(Key words: Goat meat conditioning, Type cooking, Sensory quality)
Stimulasi Laser sebagai Alternatif untuk Induksi Estrus pada Kambing Bligon (Laser Stimulation as an Alternative for Estrus Induction on Bligon Goats)
Authors: Bintara Sigit
Published: April 2016

Reproduction is a very important factor in maintaining livestock productivity. For better reproductivity, estrus induction is one of very important ways to be performed. Estrus induction is usually performed with hormonal method,
such as application of PGF2α, but the disadvantage is that it is relatively expensive. For this reason, it is necessary to promote technological breakthrough to lower cost of estrus induction. The aim of this study was to know whether laser
stimulation on the points of reproductive acupuncture could be performed for estrus induction on Bligon goats, as it is usually performed with hormonal method. Fourteen female Bligon goats aged 2 years old were randomly divided into two groups, each group consisted of 7 goats. Group I was stimulated with laser and group II was injected with 1.25 mg per head of PGF2α. Laser stimulation was conducted for 10 seconds on each point of acupuncture on day 1, 2, and 3, and was repeated on day 11, 12, and 13. PGF2α injection was performed on day 1 and was repeated on day 11. The observed variables were the percentage of estrus, onset of estrus, estrus duration and progesterone level when estrus occurred after the second estrus induction. The results of the study showed that laser stimulation for estrus induction did not indicate significant difference compared to PGF2α injection, in terms of the percentage of goats undergoing
estrus, onset of estrus and the estrus duration. It was concluded that laser stimulation could be used for estrus induction on Bligon goats.

(Key words: Laser, Estrus induction, Bligon goats)
Analisis Faktor - Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Konsumen dalam Membeli Produk Susu Pasteurisasi Kabupaten Kudus (Analysis of Factors Influence Consumer’s Purchasing of Pasteurization of Milk at District Kudus)
Authors: Hartono Budi , Utami Hari Dwi , Amanatullaili Nova
Published: April 2016

The objectives of this study was to investigate factors influence consumer decision making in purchasing pasteurized milks and to examine factors that influence consumer decision to buy its. The study was conducted at Kota subdistrict, Kudus district with consumer`s of milk pasteurization as respondents. This study was carried out in January 2010. One hundred buyers were chosen as respondent by accidental sampling method. Data were analyzed using canonical correlation. The results showed that respondents had in complex decision making and brand loyalty types. The result also indicated that factors such as demography consumer`s, motivation of needs and desired, culture, factor of group, factor of quality facility and promotion had influence the consumer`s purchasing of pasteurized milk.

(Key word: Consumer purchase decision, Canonical correlation analysis, Milk pasteurization)
Kualitas dan Kuantitas Sperma Kambing Bligon Jantan yang Diberi Pakan Rumput Gajah dengan Suplementasi Tepung Darah (Quality and Quantity of Semen of Buck Bligon Fed Elephant Grass Supplemented with Blood Meal).
Authors: Dethan Agustinus Agung , (Kustono) Kustono , Hartadi Hari
Published: April 2016

The experiment was conducted to determine the quality and quantity of semen of buck Bligon fed elephant grass supplemented with blood meal. The experiment was carried out in Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Reproduction,
Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Nine bucks Bligon age 8 to 12 months were used in the experiment. The experimental animals were devided into three groups of feed treatment, i.e group 1 (R0); elephant grass (60%) + corn meal (15%) + rice bran (15%) + soybean cake (10%), group 2 (R1); elephant grass (60%) + corn meal (15%) + rice bran (15%) + soybean cake (5%) + blood meal (5%), group 3 (R2); elephant grass (60%) + corn meal (15%) + rice bran (15%) + blood meal (10%). The experiment was carried out for 3 months. Semen collection using artificial vagina was done two times a week for four weeks. The variables measured were semen volume, semen pH, sperm motility, sperm consentration, sperm viability, and sperm abnormality. The experiment data were statisticaly analyzed using completely randomized design using statistical analysis and then continued with Duncan test to analyze the differences between means. The results showed that the suplementation of blood meal significantly increased (P≤0.01) semen volume. Semen volume for R0 was 0.42 ml lower than R1 0.82 ml and R2 0.69 ml whereas R1 and R2 differed significantly (P≤0.05). The treatments have significant effect (P≤0.01) on sperm motility. The highest sperm
motility value was at treatment R1 which was 84.17% followed by R2 81.67% and the lowest was R0 65.00%. The effect of treatment on sperm concentration also significant (P≤0.01). Sperm concentration of R1 was 5,537.67 million cell/ml
semen and R2 was 4,415.33 million cell/ml semen which were higher than R0 (3,081.00 million cell/ml semen). Viability was significantly affected (P≤0.01) by the treatments. Viability value at treatment R0 was 69.88% and for treatment R1 and R2 were 91.25% and 87.63% respectively, the values differed significantly (P≤0.05). The effect of treatment on pH semen and sperm abnormality was not significant. Feed containing blood meal, corn meal, rice bran, and soybean
could increase the quality and quantity buck Bligon semen. The improvement of local goat livestock productivity could be done by giving blood meal as an alternative of protein source for feed supplement, particularly at areas having low
quality feed.

(Key words : Goat, Semen quality, Blood meal)
Pengaruh Penambahan Ampas Virgin Coconut Oil dalam Ransum terhadap Performan dan Produksi Karkas Ayam Broiler (The Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil Waste in the Diet of Broiler Chicken on the Performance and Carcass Production)
Authors: Oktaviana Dina , (Zuprizal) Zuprizal , Suryanto Edi
Published: April 2016

The experiment was conducted to examine the effect of addition of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) waste on the performance and production of broiler carcass. One hundred and twenty five broiler were divided into 5 treatment groups which were R-O (basal diet), R-0.5 containing (0.5% VCO waste), R-1.0 (1.0% VCO waste), R-1.5 (1.5% VCO waste) and R-2.0 (2.0% VCO waste). Each treatments had 5 replications of 5 birds each. The birds were raised for 5 weeks. At the end of experiment, data of production performance such as weight gain, total intake, and feed conversion were taken. The data were analyzed by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one way analysis. The difference among treatments were tested using Duncan’s new Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The statistical analysis result showed that the addition of VCO waste at level up to 2.0 % did not affect the production performance, carcass weight and carcass percentage. The addition of VCO waste up to level 2.0% increased body weight (P<0.05) and affected the weight and percentage of abdominal fat (P<0.05)

(Key words: Broiler chicken, VCO waste, Performance, and Carcass production)
KAJIAN STRATEGI DAN PROGRAM PERBAIKAN OPERASIONALISASI DARI MILK DISTRICT MODEL NESTLÉ DI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Nugroho Bambang Ali
Published: April 2016

The objective of this study was to explore the improvement of Nestle milk district model in East Java. Secondary data on dairy development in East Java was used to analyse internal and external factors. SWOT analysis method was used to evaluate existing condition of dairy development in East Java and to build a recomended strategy to improve milk district model. In simplest terms, setting up a milk district involved: a) negotiating agreements with farmers for twice-daily collection of their milk, b) installing chilling centers in the larger community and collection points in the villages or adapting existing collection infrastructure, c) arranging transportation from collection centers to the district’s factory, and d) implementing a program to improve milk quality. In reality building a milk district model is not core business or core competence of Nestle but its something absolutely necessary to be introduced. After this program have been introduced, the smallscale dairy farmers were capable to organise themselves to produce freshmilk. Nestle have introduced various insentive systems to support smallscale dairy farmers capacity to guarantee that they have self responsability in dairy farming activities have positive impacts on productivity, quality product and product safety, that all that aspects will give benefit to Nestle.

(Key words: Milk district model, Dairy farmer, Dairy cooperative, Milk processing industry, Strategy, Program)
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI VITAMIN E DALAM RANSUM YANG MENGANDUNG CAPSULATED CRUDE PALM OIL TERHADAP KANDUNGAN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID DAGING DAN PERFORMAN KAMBING BLIGON
Authors: Nasiu Firman , Yusiati Lies Mira , (Supadmo) Supadmo
Published: April 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi vitamin E dalam ransum yang mengandung minyak sawit mentah terkapsulasi (Capsulated Crude Palm Oil-CCPO) terhadap performan ternak dan kandungan polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) daging kambing Bligon. Rumput raja sebanyak 65%, bekatul 20%, dan bungkil kacang kedelai 15% dengan penambahan 3% capsulated crude palm oil (CCPO) digunakan sebagai ransum kontrol. Ternak yang digunakan adalah kambing Bligon jantan sebanyak 9 ekor yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri atas kelompok pertama hanya mendapat ransum kontrol tanpa suplementasi vitamin E, kelompok kedua mendapat ransum kontrol dengan suplementasi vitamin E 200 mg per kg bahan kering pakan, kelompok ketiga mendapat ransum kontrol dengan suplementasi vitamin E 400 mg per kg bahan kering pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi vitamin E sampai level 400 mg/kg bahan kering tidak berpengaruh terhadap performan ternak, kandungan PUFA, dan komposisi kimia, namun cenderung menurunkan kadar malondialdehyde (MDA) daging (P<0,06) sebesar 67,52%, meningkatkan kandungan vitamin E sebesar 74,80% namun diikuti oleh peningkatan kandungan kolesterol daging.

(Kata kunci: Vitamin E, Performan ternak, PUFA daging)
PENGARUH TINGKAT YOGURT DAN WAKTU FERMENTASI TERHADAP KECERNAAN IN VITRO BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK, PROTEIN, DAN SERAT KASAR KULIT NANAS FERMENTASI
Authors: (Nurhayati) Nurhayati , (Nelwida) Nelwida , (Berliana) Berliana
Published: April 2016

Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk melihat pengaruh tingkat yogurt dan waktu fermentasi terhadap kecernaan in vitro bahan kering, bahan organik, protein, dan serat kasar kulit nanas fermentasi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu tingkat yogurt (0, 3, 6, dan 9 ml/kg) dan lama waktu fermentasi (24, 48, dan 72 jam) yang diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Bahan yang digunakan adalah kulit nanas, plain yogurt yang mengandung bakteri Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus dan Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, bahan kimia yang digunakan untuk analisis proksimat protein dan serat kasar kulit nanas fermentasi, larutan saliva buatan McDougall dan cairan rumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) tingkat yogurt terhadap kecernaan in vitro bahan kering, bahan organik, dan protein kasar tetapi tidak berbeda nyata terhadap kecernaan serat kasar. Waktu fermentasi berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik, protein kasar, dan serat kasar secara in vitro. Interaksi tingkat yogurt dengan waktu fermentasi memberikan perbedaan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik dan protein kasar tetapi tidak memberikan perbedaan pengaruh nyata terhadap kecernaan serat kasar. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa tingkat yogurt 6 ml/kg dan waktu fermentasi 72 jam dapat meningkatkan kecernaan in vitro bahan kering, bahan organik, dan protein kasar serta menurunkan kecernaan in vitro serat kasar kulit nanas fermentasi.

(Kata kunci: Fermentasi, Kecernaan in vitro, Kulit nanas, Yogurt)
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT DAN RUMPUT LAUT DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, SERTA KOMPOSISI KARKAS DAN NON KARKAS KELINCI
Authors: Udkhiyati Mustafidah
Published: April 2016

The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of utilization of palm oil and seaweed in diet on abbit growth and carcass-non carcass composition. Twenty eight male Flemish Giant rabbits (the average age were 5 months) with average initial weight 1560±212 g were used in this research. All rabbits were randomly classified in four treatment in rations, they were R1 (control treatment = 0% palm oil+0% seaweed), R2 (5% palm oil+0% seaweed), R3 (0% palm oil+5% seaweed), R4 (2.5% palm oil+2.5% seaweed). Each treatment consists of seven replications. Individual cages (size 40x30x30 cm3) were used. The animals were reared during 40 days. All collected data were analyzed by One Way nova. The results showed that feed intake (gBK/rabbit/day) of all treatment groups were not significantly different. Meanwhile, the feed intake (gBK/BW) of R4 significantly lower (P<0.05) than others, they were R1 = 55.80±5.36 g, R2 = 55.20±8.04 g, R3 = 50.17±4.26 g, R4 = 46.25±2.21 g. Average daily gain of all treatment groups were not significantly different. Feed conversion ratio of all treatment groups were also not significantly different, they were R1 = 9.20±3.35, R2 = 6.40±1.67, R3 = 7.17±2.23 and R4 = 8.75±4.03. It is concluded that the utilization of palm oil and seaweed did not affect the feed consumption, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass-non carcass composition.

(Key word: Average daily gain, Carcass, Feed conversion ratio, Feed intake, Palm oil, Seaweed)