bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anterior Petrosal Approach for the Resection of a Petrous Apex Meningioma with Tentorial Infiltration
Authors: Mendez-Rosito Diego
Published: February 2019

Objective The anterior petrosal approach is an extension of the middle fossa approach, characterized by drilling of the posteromedial triangle of the middle fossa. Drilling the Kawase's rhomboid creates a surgical corridor to the posterior fossa after splitting the tentorium. We present a case of a petrous apex meningioma invading the tentorium and causing trigeminal neuralgia.

Results The patient was positioned in a Mayfield with the head rotated. A frontotemporal incision was done. A basal craniotomy was done to allow epidural dissection. The anatomical landmarks were identified. The surgical video is analyzed together with cadaveric dissections to highlight landmarks when doing an anterior petrosectomy. The tentorium was identified and the infiltrated region was coagulated and removed. The tentorium was sharply sectioned until the free edge of the tentorium was opened. The tumor in the petrous apex was identified and removed. The trigeminal nerve was decompressed and a gross total resection was achieved with resolution of the symptoms.

Conclusion The anterior petrosal approach is a useful corridor to remove tumors in the petrous apex that infiltrate the tentorium. A thorough knowledge of the anatomical landmarks is crucial to identify and delineate the limits of the Kawase's rhomboid. After evaluating different surgical corridors, the anterior petrosal approach allows a gross total resection including the removal of the infiltrated tentorium and a resolution of the symptoms.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/p4KPUnM_bww.
The Correlation of Shoe Size and Component Size of Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: van Egmond Jeroen Cornelis , Verburg Hennie , Hesseling Brechtje , Mathijssen Nina Maria Cornelia
Published: February 2019

Preoperative planning is an important phase of total joint arthroplasty. Current template programs and methods only provide moderate accuracy for implant size prediction. Recently, a relationship between shoe size and implant size was found. We hypothesized that shoe size shows a high percentage of agreement for implant size of both femoral and tibial component size in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation and agreement between shoe size and TKA implant size. We performed a retrospective cohort study. Of all patients, who underwent primary TKA between September 2013 and March 2016, shoe size and knee implant sizes were collected. Cross-tabulation was used to determine the correlation and agreement between shoe size and implant size. A total of 489 patients (498 TKA) were included. The correlation coefficient for femoral and tibial component with shoe size was 0.751 and 0.759, respectively. When a deviation of ± 1 component size was allowed, shoe size gave at least 94% agreement score for femoral component and at least 86% agreement score in tibial component. We conclude that both femoral and tibial component size have a good correlation with shoe size. Therefore, shoe size may be used as a valuable predictor in preoperative implant size planning for primary TKA. The level of evidence for this study was Level IV.
Less Invasive Surfactant Administration in Spain: A Survey Regarding Its Practice, the Target Population, and Premedication Use
Authors: Fernandez Cristina , Boix Hector , Camba Fatima , Comuñas Juan Jose , Castillo Felix
Published: February 2019

Objective Scientific evidence supports the use of less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) techniques, but certain issues may be limiting its generalized incorporation in clinical practice. The objectives were to determine the level of acceptance of LISA techniques in Spanish hospitals, the types of methods used, the target population, and the premedication administered.

Study Design An online survey was designed and sent to various secondary/tertiary hospitals in Spain.

Results Among 67 neonatal units contacted, 44 (65.7%) participated. LISA was used in 89%, and those that did not perform the technique were contemplating its use in the future. In total, 77% of hospitals used some type of pharmacologic sedation/analgesia before the procedure: 28% always and 49% sometimes. In all cases, the reason for premedication was concerned about pain and discomfort. The types of drugs and doses varied.

Conclusion LISA has been incorporated in clinical practice of the hospitals surveyed, with a utilization rate higher than what has been reported to date. Sedation and analgesia are commonly administered. LISA is viewed as potentially involving some degree of pain and discomfort. Further studies are needed to determine the safest and most effective pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures to apply in these procedures.
Bone Sandwich Closure Technique for Posterior Fossa Craniectomy
Authors: Krishnan Shyam Sundar , Nigam Pulak , Manuel Adarsh , Vasudevan Madabushi Chakravarthy
Published: February 2019

Background Surgery of posterior fossa including cerebellopontine (CP) angle involves either craniectomy or craniotomy. While there has been precedence of craniotomy in recent practice, the preferred access in resource-strapped centers still remains been craniectomy. Although the latter offers an excellent exposure, it is believed to carry increased risk of postoperative pseudomeningocoele and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak compared with craniotomy.

Methods We have suggested a technique by which after standard craniectomy for the posterior fossa surgeries the bony defect is covered by Gelfoam bone sandwich (GBS) technique. We studied this technique over a period of 25.6 years in 1,028 patients.

Results and Conclusion We analyze the risk of pseudomeningocoele and CSF leak in our patients using GBS technique and reviewed literature to compare our outcomes with standard craniotomy and craniectomy procedures.
Solution effect on improved structural compatibility of NiTi-based alloys by systematic first-principles calculations
Authors: Lee Joohwi , Ikeda Yuji , Tanaka Isao
Published: February 2019

The functional stability of a shape memory alloy (SMA) may be related to its structural compatibility between the parent-phase and the martensitic-phase structures. In this study, we perform systematic first-principles calculations for 276 Ni–Ti-based ternary alloys to investigate their energetic stability as well as their structural compatibility between the parent- and the martensitic-phase structures. We analyze in detail the dependences of the energetics and structural properties on the additional element X, on X concentration, and on the replaced chemical element. Some X are found to energetically stabilize the B19 structures more than the B19′ structures at X concentrations above 6.25 at. %. It is also found that the B19–B2 martensitic transformation shows better structural compatibility than the B19′–B2 transformation for most of the investigated ternary Ni–Ti–X alloys. These alloys also tend to have better structural compatibility than binary equiatomic NiTi. Moreover, we screen the investigated alloys on the basis of their energetic stability and structural compatibility, and we identify 26 Ni–Ti–X alloys as possible SMAs with good functional stability. In this study, we reveal a strong potential of the computational design for improving the functional stability of Ni–Ti SMAs by alloying additional elements.
Non-equilibrium Markov state modeling of periodically driven biomolecules
Authors: Knoch Fabian , Speck Thomas
Published: February 2019

Molecular dynamics simulations allow us to study the structure and dynamics of single biomolecules in microscopic detail. However, many processes occur on time scales beyond the reach of fully atomistic simulations and require coarse-grained multiscale models. While systematic approaches to construct such models have become available, these typically rely on microscopic dynamics that obey detailed balance. In vivo, however, biomolecules are constantly driven away from equilibrium in order to perform specific functions and thus break detailed balance. Here we introduce a method to construct Markov state models for systems that are driven through periodically changing one (or several) external parameter. We illustrate the method for alanine dipeptide, a widely used benchmark molecule for computational methods, exposed to a time-dependent electric field.
Large-area electrode design for vertical electrical impedance scanning of concrete bridge decks
Authors: Barton J. , Baxter J. , Guthrie W. S. , Mazzeo B. A.
Published: February 2019

Vertical electrical impedance (VEI) testing is a method that was developed specifically for quantifying the level of protection against chloride ingress in concrete bridge decks. A significant operational difficulty associated with VEI testing has been establishing the required rebar tap as a ground reference. As described in this work, the use of a large-area electrode (LAE) can potentially remove the need for a rebar tap and therefore significantly simplify and accelerate the VEI testing process. The specific objective of the research was to develop both theoretical and practical guidance for the design of an LAE for VEI testing. To investigate several variables that can affect the accuracy of VEI measurements obtained using an LAE connection, including various combinations of deck cover and water resistivity values, electrode separation distance, counter electrode (CE) effective area, and area ratio between the LAE and the CE, an analytical model (AM) and a finite-element model (FEM) were developed and validated with laboratory and field experiments. From the results of the AM and FEM simulations and the results of the laboratory and field experiments, LAE design considerations were developed for each of these variables that should allow proper implementation of a VEI measurement system using an LAE connection.
High-efficiency of infrared absorption by using composited metamaterial nanotubes
Authors: Luo Ji , Lin Yu-Sheng
Published: February 2019

We develop and compare four designs of metamaterial-based infrared (IR) absorbers, which are composed of a textured Au layer and a bottom Au layer on a Si substrate to form IR absorbers. They are absorbers with concentric circle nanotubes (CCNs), hollow square nanotubes (HSNs), metal-insulator-metal concentric circle nanotubes (MIM-CCNs), and metal-insulator-metal hollow square nanotubes (MIM-HSNs). The design of the absorber with a MIM structure can improve the absorption efficiency and the corresponding quality factor (Q-factor) compared to that without a MIM structure. By using the IR absorber with MIM design, the highest absorption is 100% with a Q-factor of 27 for MIM-CCN and a Q-factor of 32 for MIM-HSN, while the maximum Q-factor is 47 for MIM-CCN and 42.7 for MIM-HSN although the corresponding absorption is 62% for MIM-CCN and 65% for MIM-HSN, which are enhanced 1.5-fold and 1.7-fold compared to those without MIM designs, i.e., CCN and HSN designs, respectively. This creates the possibility for the use of such devices with high-efficiency IR applications.
Field emission energy distribution and three-terminal current-voltage characteristics from planar graphene edges
Authors: Shaw Jonathan L. , Boos John B. , Kong Byoung Don , Robinson Jeremy T. , Jernigan Glenn G.
Published: February 2019

We demonstrate field emission from an integrated three-terminal device using a suspended planar graphene edge as the source of vacuum electrons. Energy spectra of the emitted electrons confirm the field-emission mechanism. The energy spectra produced by graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition and reduced graphene oxide are compared. The drain-source voltage required to produce a given drain current increases when negative voltages are applied to the gate, confirming field-effect transistor operation. The emission current rises exponentially with inverse voltage over the measured current range from 1 pA to 10 nA. The current-voltage characteristics are consistent with tunneling through barrier potentials calculated numerically from the device geometry.
Penetration of filamentary structures into the divertor region of spherical tokamaks
Authors: Baver D. A. , Myra J. R.
Published: February 2019

Understanding the penetration from the midplane region towards the divertor plate of filamentary structures in the main scrape-off layer of spherical tokamaks is of interest for divertor design and plasma material interaction. Insight into this problem is gained by studying the closely related problem of the parallel structure of resistive ballooning modes, localized to a particular flux surface by a perturbed blob-like density profile. The resulting linearized equations are solved using the Arbitrary Topology Equation Reader code. A metric applied to the spatial structure of the dominant eigenmode quantifies mode penetration. Trends in this quantity are then measured by performing parameter scans over temperature and density. The results of this study are consistent with the dominant role of collisionality in limiting mode interaction with the divertor plate.
Fractional order control scheme in pitch control loop of synchronous generator wind turbine type 4 at high wind speed operation in a microgrid
Authors: Mahvash Hossein , Taher Seyed Abbas , Shahidehpour Mohammad
Published: February 2019

This paper deals with the performance improvement of synchronous generator Type 4 driven by the wind turbine at high wind speed operation in a microgrid connected to a weak utility grid. The importance of applying the pitch angle control loop at high wind speeds in wind turbine generators is undeniable to prevent overloading and other destructive effects on the generator parameters caused by the wind speed increase. Thus, a robust control scheme in the pitch angle loop would certainly improve the performance of the wind turbine generator. In this study, the principle of the proposed method is based on the design and applying the different fractional order controllers including the Fractional Order Proportional Integral (FOPI) and FO[PI] types in the pitch compensation loop, instead of the conventional Proportional Integral (PI) controller to extract the proper values for the pitch angle reference profile. An analytical method is extended to the pitch servo control for designing the PI and fraction order PI controllers to ensure the frequency domain specifications. To verify the efficacy of the FOPI and FO[PI] controllers in comparison with the PI one, various simulation results in the high wind speed operation mode of 18 m/s considering 10% turbulence intensity are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The performance enhancement is surveyed by monitoring the generator parameters including the mechanical torque, the active/reactive power, and the DC link voltage profiles. The results validated the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.
Vortex shedding suppression in mixed convective flow past a square cylinder subjected to large-scale heating using a non-Boussinesq model
Authors: Arif Md. Reyaz , Hasan Nadeem
Published: February 2019

In the present work, numerical simulations are performed to investigate the vortex shedding suppression phenomenon for mixed convective flows past a square cylinder in the large-scale heating regime. A full compressible flow model with variable transport and thermo-physical properties is employed to capture large-scale heating effects. The Reynolds number, Prandtl number, and Mach number are kept constant at Re = 100, Pr = 0.71, and M = 0.1, while the cylinder inclination (ϕ), free-stream inclination (α), and over-heat ratio (ϵ) are varied in the range [0, 45°], [0, 90°], and [0, 2], respectively. The governing equations are solved numerically using the particle velocity upwind (PVU-M+) scheme. The buoyancy parameter which governs the vortex shedding suppression process in the non-Boussinesq model is identified as RiNB=ϵFr222+ϵ, where Fr is the Froude number. Using the Stuart-Landau model, the neutral curves separating the steady and unsteady flow regimes are generated in the ϵ–ϕ and ϵ–α parametric spaces. The neutral curves show qualitatively similar characteristics as observed for Boussinesq models. The relative contribution of various large-scale heating effects in suppression of vortex shedding is also highlighted. This reveals that buoyancy effects followed by variations in transport properties play a major role in suppression of vortex shedding. The findings are also applicable to a range of low Re (O(100)) as supported by data obtained at Re = 130 for ϕ = 40°. The mechanism of vortex shedding suppression has been analyzed and extended for the large-scale heating scenarios.
Numerical investigation on yielding phenomena of magnetorheological fluid flowing through microchannel governed by transverse magnetic field
Authors: Zhang Shiliang , Zhou Jianfeng , Shao Chunlei
Published: February 2019

To investigate the yielding phenomena during the start-up process of a magnetorheological fluid (MRF) flowing through a microchannel under a transverse uniform magnetic field, a three-dimensional and two-phase numerical simulation method is established based on the lattice Boltzmann method, united with the immersed boundary method and the discrete element method. Affected by the transverse uniform magnetic field, the randomly distributed magnetic nanoparticles (MPs) in MRF form some chains parallel to the direction of the magnetic field, and driven by the carrier fluid, the straight chains become curved due to the velocity gradient of the carrier fluid. It is revealed that the yielding process of MRF with water being the carrier fluid is essentially the deformation of the chains composed of MPs. The averaged shear force on the MPs at the ends of chains is taken to characterize the yielding status of an MP cluster, and there exists the maximum shear force during the deformation of chains. The Reynolds number has obvious influence on the characteristic shear force in the single chain, while for a multi-chain system, the chains are entangled with each other during the course of yielding and the characteristic shear force presents a complicated regularity. When the intensity of the magnetic field is relatively small, it has influence on the yielding force; once it is larger than a critical value, the yielding force remains constant. The yielding of MRF flow in a microchannel is a transient experience, and after yielding, the chain-like structure can maintain its integrity along with the channel flow.
Missing data recovery using data fusion of incomplete complementary data sets: A particle image velocimetry application
Authors: Wen Xin , Li Ziyan , Peng Di , Zhou Wenwu , Liu Yingzheng
Published: February 2019

A data-fusion approach is reported to reconstruct missing data and is applied to particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. This approach departs from the existing ones in that the datasets involved in its operation are incomplete. Two sets of incomplete but complementary data with fault regions, obtained using different measurement setups, are combined to yield a complete dataset by reconstructing the missing data. In this report, the capability of the current approach is first demonstrated by using three fabricated scalar patterns with different frequency spectra. Second, this method is applied to PIV measurements pertaining to the natural wake of a circular cylinder with a Reynolds number ReD = 1.8 × 103. The performance of this approach is also examined under different configurations, size, location, and direction, of the fault regions. For the real-world data with turbulence and fluctuations, this approach encounters an overfitting problem. To employ this approach in real-world applications without ground-truth data, a method is also proposed to avoid the overfitting problem and estimate reconstruction accuracy. Then, the method is applied on a spectrally richer flow, i.e., wake flow of two side-by-side cylinders with different diameters, and a wake flow of a blunt plate at a relatively higher Reynolds number ReD = 1.6 × 104. The errors are observed to be below 6% for the velocity and fluctuating components.
Eastward-moving convection-enhanced modons in shallow water in the equatorial tangent plane
Authors: Rostami M. , Zeitlin V.
Published: February 2019

We report a discovery of steady long-living slowly eastward moving large-scale coherent twin cyclones, the equatorial modons, in the shallow water model in the equatorial beta-plane, the archetype model of the ocean and atmosphere dynamics in tropics. We start by constructing analytical asymptotic modon solutions in the non-divergent velocity approximation and then show by simulations with a high-resolution numerical scheme that such configurations evolve into steady dipolar solutions of the full model. In the atmospheric context, the modons persist in the presence of moist convection, being accompanied and enhanced by specific patterns of water-vapour condensation.
An analytical model of thermal performance for an eccentric heat source on a rectangular plate with double-sided convective cooling
Authors: Zhang Jianxin , Yan Huifen , Li Yuqiang , Niu Pingjuan , Yang Qingxin
Published: February 2019

Heat sources on rectangular plates with double-sided convective cooling are a common application of heat transfer in electronic packaging. However, it is considerably difficult to obtain analytical solutions for improving thermal performance because of the mixed boundary conditions on a plate’s upper surface. In this study, mixed boundary conditions were adjusted twice. Based on the method of separation of variables, a new analytical model was established and used to calculate the thermal performance of a random application case, including temperature distribution, thermal spreading resistance, and total thermal resistance. The results indicated that accurate analytical solutions can be obtained with few computing resources when more than 30 terms are used in each of single and double summations with a total mesh number of 196 in the heat source region. Subsequently, a series of thermal performances were calculated for random application cases and simulations were also conducted using the commercial software Icepak to offer a reference. The data comparisons revealed that the analytical model is able to calculate the temperature values at arbitrary point coordinates accurately over wide ranges of a plate’s thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient.
Four-mode multi-selection in the dual phase control of a molecular ionization induced by Fourier-synthesized laser fields
Authors: Ohmura Hideki , Yoshida Tsuyoshi , Saito Naoaki
Published: February 2019

Coherent laser fields have been used to maximize the rate of a photochemical reaction or provide control over a single targeted property or function of matter by tuning of single-laser or multi-laser parameters. However, there is a need for multi-functionality control, albeit with as few parameters as possible. Here, we report simultaneous control of molecular geometry (selection of molecular orientation) and electron dynamics (electron removal) with dual-phase control of Fourier-synthesized laser fields. Directionally asymmetric tunneling ionization induced by intense, nanosecond, three-color Fourier-synthesized laser fields led to four-mode selection with a combination of positive/negative orientation-selected and yield-enhanced/suppressed molecular ionization of carbonyl sulfide.
Helical core formation and evolution during current ramp-up in the high-field tokamak Alcator C-Mod
Authors: Wingen A. , Wilcox R. S. , Delgado-Aparicio L. F. , Granetz R. , Houshmandyar S. , Shiraiwa S. , Cianciosa M. R. , Seal S. K.
Published: February 2019

Large, spontaneous m/n = 1/1 helical cores are predicted in tokamaks with extended regions of low- or reversed-magnetic shear profiles in a region within the q = 1 surface and an onset condition determined by constant (dp/dρ)/Bt2 along the threshold. These 3D modes occurred frequently in Alcator C-Mod during ramp-up when slow current penetration results in a reversed shear q-profile. The onset and early development of a helical core in C-Mod were simulated using a new 3D time-dependent equilibrium reconstruction, based on the ideal MHD equilibrium code VMEC. The reconstruction used the experimental density, temperature, and soft-X-ray fluctuations. The pressure profile can become hollow due to an inverted, hollow electron temperature profile caused by molybdenum radiation in the plasma core during the current ramp-up phase before the onset of sawteeth, which may also occur in ITER with tungsten. Based on modeling, it is found that a reverse shear q-profile combined with a hollow pressure profile reduces the onset condition threshold, enabling helical core formation from an otherwise axisymmetric equilibrium.
Fast ion transport in the quasi-single helical reversed-field pinch
Authors: Bonofiglo P. J. , Anderson J. K. , Gobbin M. , Spong D. A. , Boguski J. , Parke E. , Kim J. , Egedal J.
Published: February 2019

The reversed-field pinch (RFP) can spontaneously transition from an axisymmetric magnetic topology to a 3D-helical geometry. Investigations on fast ion transport associated with energetic particle driven Alfvén instabilities, tearing mode induced stochasticity, and neoclassical effects have been performed on the Madison Symmetric Torus. STELLGAP produced shear-Alfvén continua seeded with V3FIT 3D-equilibrium reconstructions describe the response of Alfvénic bursting activity as a direct consequence of the equilibrium change on the fast ion resonance. Far infrared interferometry resolved electron density perturbations associated with the bursts provide a spatial measurement of the mode structure and support the reconstructions. The bursts produce no global resonant fast ion transport; however, their disappearance at a high core-resonant amplitude implies other transport mechanisms at play. Neutral particle analysis and neutron signals suggest fast ion losses at sufficient core tearing mode strength, supporting the lack of Alfvénic activity. The guiding-center code ORBIT corroborates rapid fast ion loss times in the helical state largely as a consequence of remnant tearing modes. Additionally, ORBIT simulations demonstrate little neoclassical enhancement of particle transport. While superbanana orbits may exist, the growth in the core-resonant fast ion island and the associated secondary mode overlap govern the largest transport process, leading to robust fast ion losses in the 3D-RFP.
IQ motif containing D (IQCD), a new acrosomal protein involved in the acrosome reaction and fertilisation
Authors: Zhang Peng , Jiang Wanjun , Luo Na , Zhu Wenbing , Fan Liqing
Published: February 2019

The acrosome is single, large, dense-core secretory granule overlying the nucleus of most mammalian spermatozoa. Its exocytosis, the acrosome reaction, is a crucial event during fertilisation. In this study we identified a new acrosome-associated gene, namely IQ motif containing D (IQCD), expressed nearly in multiple tissues with highest expression levels in the testis. In mouse testis, Iqcd transcript accumulated from Postnatal Day (PND) 1 to adulthood. However, expression of IQCD protein at the testicular development stage started primarily from PND 18 and increased in an age-dependent manner until plateauing in adulthood. IQCD was primarily accumulated in the acrosome area of round and elongating spermatids within seminiferous tubules of the testes during the late stage of spermiogenesis; this immunolocalisation pattern is similar in mice and humans. IQCD levels in spermatozoa were significantly lower in IVF patients with total fertilisation failure or a low fertilisation rate than in healthy men. Anti-IQCD antibody significantly inhibited the acrosome reaction and slightly reduced protein tyrosine phosphorylation levels in human spermatozoa, but specifically blocked murine IVF. IQCD interacted with mammalian homolog of C. elegans uncoordinated gene 13 (Munc13) in spermatozoa and may participate in acrosome exocytosis. In conclusion, this study identified a new acrosomal protein, namely IQCD, which is involved in fertilisation and the acrosome reaction.
Epistemic stancetaking and speaker objectification in a spatio-cognitive discourse world
Authors: Ullmann Stefanie
Published: February 2019

This paper seeks to apply a cognitive-linguistic approach to critical discourse studies in an investigation of epistemic stancetaking and types of inter/subjectivity of the speaker in political discourse. More specifically, the paper presents an analysis of responses by three different politicians, i.e. John Kerry, Bashar al-Assad and Vladimir Putin, to the chemical weapons attack in Syria in August 2013. By incorporating cognitive-linguistic theories in a critical investigation of language, I address diverging representations of the same event and their discursive functions in representing underlying ideologies and motifs of the respective politicians. Specifically, I propose a more nuanced incorporation of epistemic stance in a spatio-cognitive representation of discourse. My analysis shows that type of inter/subjectivity has bearing on the epistemic quality of a proposition. The more prominently a speaker construes him-/herself as evaluator of an event, the stronger his/her assertions become, which is equally visible in a discourse space model.
Engineering registers in the 21st century
Authors: Gardner Sheena , Xu Xiaoyu
Published: February 2019

Following an exploration of engineering programmes in higher education, and a review of literature on engineering registers, genres
and disciplines, this paper asks if there is a register for engineering. Word frequencies, n-grams and frequent n-grams in context
were analysed in a 7.3 million word corpus created from four sections (Introduction, Materials & Methods, Results &
Discussion, Conclusion) of over 1000 articles in civil, electrical and mechanical engineering. From the perspective of systemic
functional linguistics, this reveals how engineering is construed through language that reflects the social context of high
impact, open access, multi-modal, 21st century, international journal article publication, with multiple author roles, and
prescribed genres, where reviewers focus on problem solving and facts, rather than persuasive claims.
The discipline of English Literature from the perspective of SFL register
Authors: Huisman Rosemary
Published: February 2019

The paper first traces the history and elaboration of the tertiary discipline English Literature through the 19th and 20th centuries to the present day, with special focus on the axiology, the values, given to the discipline and with a brief account of literary criticism and literary theory. It then refers to the work on registerial cartography in systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and explores the register of the contemporary discipline in first-order field of activity and second-order field of experience, with examples from the language of webpages and exam papers of Australian universities. It continues with a brief overview of the author’s own work using SFL in the study ofthe poeticandthe narrativein English poetry and prose fiction of different historical periods and concludes with a caveat on the central disciplinary process, that of interpretation.
The language of educational linguistics in Hispanic Latin America
Authors: Navarro Federico
Published: February 2019

This study aims to identify patterns of the system ofthemein Spanish in 28 educational linguistics’ articles, an emerging field in Latin America. Results show a high number of textual and elaborated interpersonal Themes (especially in Conclusions), alongside a frequent choice of marked Themes (especially in Introductions) which adjust thematic strings, while the Subject is usually explicit and previous to the verb. Educationally-oriented articles tend to use more interpersonal Themes and preposed explicit Subjects, in what seems to be a disciplinary validation struggle. This research can help understand the construction of a new disciplinary discourse, connecting semantic and lexicogrammatical patterns to epistemological frameworks, while providing evidence to the realization of Theme and Subject across stages, disciplines and languages.
From perfect to narrative tense
Authors: Greed Teija
Published: February 2019

2,500 years ago Pāṇini identified the Sanskrit perfect form as expressing a non-witnessed, and therefore, evidential meaning. Across languages, the perfect is still attested as one of the central verb forms acquiring meanings of information source. This paper investigates the development of the perfect meaning into evidential meanings from two vantage points: firstly, cross-linguistically, and, secondly, in the North-Tungusic language Even. The perfect meaning typically evolves into the evidential meaning of inference, a development which has been documented in two of the three main dialects of Even byMalchukov (2000). Inference is accompanied by a mirative interpretation in first-person contexts; the current study shows that this interpretation extends to second person. As is cross-linguistically common, in Even inference has evolved to a non-witnessed meaning. By losing its perfect “nature”, this use has crossed over to the domain of discourse to signal a narrative genre by functioning as a narrative tense.
High glass-transition polyurethane-carbon black electro-active shape memory nanocomposite for aerospace systems
Authors: Arun D. I. , Santhosh Kumar K. S. , Satheesh Kumar B. , Chakravarthy P. , Dona Mathew , Santhosh B.
Published: February 2019

Carbon black conductive filler material, 2–40% by weight was added to specially designed polyurethane polymer to prepare shape memory polymer nanocomposites. The synthesised polyurethane (PU) has exhibited a high glass transition temperature of 85°C compared to the reported values in published literatures. The polymer was characterised for its chemical, electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. The stiffness, load-bearing capacity and electrical conductivity were observed to improve with increased carbon loading. It was found to be capable of responding to thermal as well as electrical stimuli. The shape recovery efficiency was found to be 94% for thermal and 98% for electrical stimuli which is among the highest for PU reported so far.
Randomized Pilot Trial of Web-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Adapted for use in Office-Based Buprenorphine Maintenance
Authors: Shi Julia M. , Henry Susan P. , Dwy Stephanie L. , Orazietti Skye A. , Carroll Kathleen M.
Published: February 2019

Background: Despite the clear success of office-based buprenorphine treatment in increasing availability of effective treatment for opioid use disorder, constraints on its effectiveness include high attrition and limited high-quality behavioral care in many areas. Web-based interventions may be a novel strategy for providing evidence-based behavioral care to individuals receiving office-based buprenorphine maintenance. This report describes modification and initial pilot testing of Web-based training in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT4CBT) specifically for use with individuals in office-based buprenorphine. Methods: Twelve-week randomized pilot trial evaluating effects of CBT4CBT-Buprenophine in retaining participants and reducing drug use with respect to standard office-based buprenorphine alone was carried out. Twenty individuals meeting DSM-5 ( Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition) criteria for current opioid use disorder were randomized to standard buprenorphine treatment or buprenorphine plus access to CBT4CBT-Buprenorphine. Results: There were promising findings regarding rates of urine toxicology screens negative for opioids (91% versus 64%; P = .05, effect size d = 0.88) and all drugs (82% versus 30%; P = .004, d = 1.2). Individuals randomized to CBT4CBT-Buprenorphine completed a mean of 82.6 (SD = 4.4) days of treatment (of a possible 84) compared with 68.6 (SD = 32.6) for those assigned to standard buprenorphine treatment. Conclusions: Although preliminary and limited by the small sample size, this trial suggests the feasibility and promise of validated, Web-based interventions, tailored for this specific patient population, for improving outcomes in office-based buprenorphine.
Protein transport by vesicles and tunnels
Authors: Raote Ishier , Malhotra Vivek
Published: February 2019

Palade’s corpus placed small vesicles as the sole means to transport proteins across stable distinct compartments of the secretory pathway. We suggest that cargo, spatial organization of secretory compartments, and the timing of fission of cargo-filled containers dictate the design of transport intermediates that can be vesicles and transient direct tunnels.
Asymptotics of the translation flow on holomorphic maps out of the poly-plane
Authors: Gekhtman Dmitri
Published: February 2019

We study the family of holomorphic maps from the polydisk to the disk which restrict to the identity on the diagonal. In particular, we analyze the asymptotics of the orbit of such a map under the conjugation action of a unipotent subgroup of

PSL
2

⁡
(

R

)

\operatorname {PSL}_2(\mathbb {R})

. We discuss an application of our results to the study of the Carathéodory metric on Teichmüller space.
Constructing a Lipschitz retraction from ℬ(ℋ) onto 𝒦(ℋ)
Authors: Tanaka Ryotaro
Published: February 2019

It is shown that each norm closed proper two-sided ideal of a von Neumann algebra is a Lipschitz retract of the algebra. In particular, there exists a Lipschitz retraction from the algebra

B

(

H

)

\mathcal {B}(\mathcal {H})

of all bounded linear operators on a complex Hilbert space

H

\mathcal {H}

onto the ideal

K

(

H

)

\mathcal {K}(\mathcal {H})

consisting of all compact operators.
Richard’s inequality, Cauchy–Schwarz’s inequality, and approximate solutions of Sincov’s equation
Authors: Fechner Włodzimierz
Published: February 2019

We observe a connection between Cauchy–Schwarz’s and Richard’s inequalities in inner product spaces and a Ulam-type stability problem for the multiplicative Sincov functional equation. We prove that this equation is superstable for unbounded mappings, i.e., every unbounded approximate solution is an exact solution.
Backward orbits in the unit ball
Authors: Arosio Leandro , Guerini Lorenzo
Published: February 2019

We show that if

f
:

B

q

→

B

q

f\colon \mathbb {B}^q\to \mathbb {B}^q

is a holomorphic self-map of the unit ball in

C

q

\mathbb {C}^q

and

ζ
∈
∂

B

q

\zeta \in \partial \mathbb {B}^q

is a boundary repelling fixed point with dilation

λ
>
1

\lambda >1

, then there exists a backward orbit converging to

ζ
\zeta

with step

log
⁡
λ

\log \lambda

. Morever, any two backward orbits converging to the same boundary repelling fixed point stay at finite distance. As a consequence there exists a unique canonical premodel

(

B

k

,
ℓ
,
τ
)

(\mathbb {B}^k,\ell , \tau )

associated with

ζ
\zeta

where

1
≤
k
≤
q

1\leq k\leq q

,

τ
\tau

is a hyperbolic automorphism of

B

k

\mathbb {B}^k

, and whose image

ℓ
(

B

k

)

\ell (\mathbb {B}^k)

is precisely the set of starting points of backward orbits with bounded step converging to

ζ
\zeta

. This answers questions of Ostapyuk (2011) and the first author (2015, 2017).
Partial regularity of the solutions to a turbulent problem in porous media
Authors: de Oliveira H. , Paiva A.
Published: February 2019

A one-equation turbulent model that is being used with success in the applications to model turbulent flows through porous media is studied in this work. We consider the classical Navier–Stokes equations, with feedback forces fields, coupled with the equation for the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) through the turbulence production term and through the turbulent and the diffusion viscosities. Under suitable growth conditions on the feedback functions involved in the model, we prove the local higher integrability of the gradient solutions to the steady version of this problem.
Nonhomogeneous inverse Gauss curvature flow in ℍ³
Authors: Li Haizhong , Zhou Tailong
Published: February 2019

In this paper, we consider nonhomogeneous inverse Gauss curvature flows in hyperbolic space

H

3

\mathbb {H}^{3}

. We prove that if the initial hypersurface

Σ
0

\Sigma _0

has nonnegative scalar curvature, then the evolving surface

Σ

t

\Sigma _{t}

has nonnegative scalar curvature along the flow for

t
>
0

t>0

. The solution of the flow exists for all time and becomes more and more umbilic as

t
→
∞

t\rightarrow \infty

.
A second countable locally compact transitive groupoid without open range map
Authors: Buneci Mădălina
Published: February 2019

Dana P. Williams raised in [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., Ser. B 3 (2016), pp. 1–8] the following question: Must a second countable, locally compact, transitive groupoid have open range map? This paper gives a negative answer to that question. Although a second countable, locally compact transitive groupoid

G
G

may fail to have open range map, we prove that we can replace its topology with a topology which is also second countable, locally compact, and with respect to which

G
G

is a topological groupoid whose range map is open. Moreover, the two topologies generate the same Borel structure and coincide on the fibres of

G
G

.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and necrotizing fasciitis
Authors: Browne Barry A. , Holder E. Paul , Rupnick Leanne
Published: February 2019

The clinical features, etiology, and treatment of necrotizing fasciitis are reviewed, and the possible involvement of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the pathogenesis of this disease is discussed.

Symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis include edema, erythema, warmth, and tenderness in the affected area, spreading rapidly to involve entire limbs or portions of the abdominal wall. Gangrene may develop, followed by multi-organ failure and death. The most common causative organisms are group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Treatment includes tissue debridement, intravenous antibiotics, and supportive treatment with fluids and electrolytes. A number of case reports and articles in the lay press have suggested an association between the use of NSAIDs and the development of necrotizing fasciitis, although this association has not been substantiated in the scientific literature. Inhibition of the immune response has been proposed as an explanation for the reported association between necrotizing fasciitis and NSAIDs.

NSAIDs should be administered with caution, if at all, to patients with inflammatory soft-tissue lesions, especially if concurrent infection is likely.
Relationship between hospital pharmacists’ job satisfaction and involvement in clinical activities
Authors: Olson David S. , Lawson Kenneth A.
Published: February 2019

Job satisfaction among hospital pharmacists employed by a national hospital pharmacy management company was measured by using a mail questionnaire.

A previously validated survey that measured pharmacists’ job satisfaction was adapted for use in this study. Additional questions determined the pharmacist’s clinical pharmacy training and participation in clinical pharmacy services. Questionnaires were mailed to all full-time hospital pharmacists employed by the pharmacy management company.

Of the 606 mailed, deliverable questionnaires, 354 usable responses were returned, for a response rate of 58.4%. The respondent hospital pharmacists’ level of job satisfaction showed a positive association with clinical pharmacy involvement. Of the nine items in the questionnaire that measured the pharmacists’ involvement in clinical pharmacy services, seven items showed a positive relationship between involvement in that clinical activity and job satisfaction. Mean job satisfaction increased as the percentage of time spent performing clinical pharmacy activities increased. Job satisfaction decreased as time spent performing distributive functions increased.

The percentage of time hospital pharmacists were engaged in clinical activities was significantly associated with job satisfaction.
Clinical application of embryo aneuploidy testing by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Rubio Carmen , Rodrigo Lorena , Garcia-Pascual Carmen , Peinado Vanessa , Campos-Galindo Inmaculada , Garcia-Herrero Sandra , Simón Carlos
Published: February 2019

We review here the evolution in the field of embryo aneuploidy testing over the last 20 years, from the analysis of a subset of chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridisation to the transition toward a more comprehensive analysis of all 24 chromosomes. This current comprehensive aneuploidy testing most commonly employs next-generation sequencing (NGS). We present our experience in over 130 000 embryo biopsies using this technology. The incidence of aneuploidy was lower in trophectoderm biopsies compared to cleavage-stage biopsies. We also confirmed by NGS that embryo aneuploidy rates increased with increasing maternal age, mostly attributable to an increase in complex aneuploid embryos. In contrast, the number of MII oocytes retrieved or the use of oocyte vitrification did not affect aneuploidy rates. Similarly, neither maternal age, oocyte number, nor oocyte vitrification affected the incidence of mosaicism. Analysis of clinical outcomes, indications, and potential benefits of embryo aneuploidy testing revealed advanced maternal age as the most favored group, with some evidence of improved delivery rate per transfer as well as decreased miscarriage rates and time to pregnancy. Other indications are: recurrent miscarriage, repetitive implantation failure, severe male factor, previous trisomic pregnancy, and good prognosis patients mainly undergoing single embryo transfer, with the latter indication used to reduce the occurrence of multiple pregnancies without compromising cycle outcome. In conclusion, NGS has become the most appropriate technology for aneuploidy testing in trophectoderm biopsies, with accurate results, high throughput, and cost efficiency. This technology can be also applied to the analysis of the embryonic cell free DNA released to the culture media at blastocyst stage. This is a promising approach towards a non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing of aneuploidy.
Acute Q Fever Endocarditis: A Paradigm Shift Following the Systematic Use of Transthoracic Echocardiography During Acute Q Fever
Authors: Melenotte Cléa , Epelboin Loïc , Million Matthieu , Hubert Sandrine , Monsec Thierry , Djossou Félix , Mège Jean-Louis , Habib Gilbert , Raoult Didier
Published: February 2019

Background

As Q fever, caused by Coxiella burnetii, is a major health challenge due to its cardiovascular complications, we aimed to detect acute Q fever valvular injury to improve therapeutic management.

Methods

In the French national reference center for Q fever, we prospectively collected data from patients with acute Q fever and valvular injury. We identified a new clinical entity, acute Q fever endocarditis, defined as valvular lesion potentially caused by C. burnetii: vegetation, valvular nodular thickening, rupture of chorda tendinae, and valve or chorda tendinae thickness. To determine whether or not the disease was superimposed on an underlying valvulopathy, patients’ physicians were contacted. Aortic bicuspidy, valvular stenosis, and insufficiency were considered as underlying valvulopathies.

Results

Of the 2434 patients treated in our center, 1797 had acute Q fever and 48 had acute Q fever endocarditis. In 35 cases (72%), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) identified a valvular lesion of acute Q fever endocarditis without underlying valvulopathy. Positive anticardiolipin antibodies (>22 immunoglobulin G-type phospholipid units [GPLU]) were independently associated with acute Q fever endocarditis (odds ratio [OR], 2.7 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3–5.5]; P = .004). Acute Q fever endocarditis (OR, 5.2 [95% CI, 2.6–10.5]; P < .001) and age (OR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1–1.9]; P = .02) were independent predictors of progression toward persistent C. burnetii endocarditis.

Conclusions

Systematic TTE in acute Q fever patients offers a unique opportunity for early diagnosis of acute Q fever endocarditis and for the prevention of persistent endocarditis. Transesophageal echocardiography should be proposed in men, aged >40 years, with anticardiolipin antibodies >60 GPLU when TTE is inconclusive or negative.