bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La noción de tangente en la educación media superior
Authors: Vivier Laurent
Published: August 2023

En Francia, la introducción de la derivación se apoya fuertemente en la consideración de rectas tangentes a una curva ¡Pero la noción de tangente no es definida en forma general! Investigadores en didáctica de las matemáticas abordaron este problema. Una de sus conclusiones fue la necesitad de enseñar la noción de tangente para, después, utilizarla en la introducción de la noción de derivada. Con un punto de vista didáctico e histórico, propondremos una solución al problema de enseñanza planteado. Al adaptar el método de René Descartes, se define fácilmente la noción de tangente a las curvas algebraicas. Esta etapa es importante para cambiar las concepciones de muchos de los estudiantes, que tienen una idea global, y no local, de la tangente. Luego, una introducción de la nueva noción de derivación es posible a partir de la noción de tangente, cuando la tangente ha adquirido el estatuto de objeto matemático efectivo.
¡Ojos que no ven, computadoras que mienten!
Authors: Madrid de la Vega Humberto
Published: August 2023

El uso de la tecnología computacional en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje del Cálculo plantea un problema singular: simular procesos continuos con herramientas finitas. Si el programador no conoce la aritmética computacional, y sus diferencias con la aritm´etica del continuo, puede cometer errores may´usculos. También tienen que replantearse cuidadosamente los conceptos básicos del cálculo como el concepto de límite y de derivada. En esta plática veremos algunos ejemplos de errores que se pueden cometer por el desconocimiento de la aritmética computacional y su correspondiente explicación, así como ejemplos de cómo se deben replantear conceptos y teoremas del Cálculo.
Un estudio descriptivo de las investigaciones acerca del cálculo escolar a través del tiempo.
Authors: Nieto Saldaña Natividad , Chavira Heidy Cecilia , Viramontes Miranda, Juan de Dios , Estrada Estrada Oscar Hernán
Published: August 2023

En este reporte se pretende mostrar la relevancia y tendencia de las investigaciones que se han hecho acerca del cálculo. Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico para caracterizar las investigaciones reportadas en artículos académicos de matemática educativa en revistas de corte internacional. Las bases de datos que se analizaron fueron Science Direct y Scopus, esto nos permitió realizar una discusión del estatus de esta problemática, así como el estatus de las revistas latinoamericanas y españolas en estos contextos. El objetivo es tener un panorama del avance en las investigaciones en torno a las problemáticas de la enseñanza y aprendizaje del cálculo, sin diferenciar sobre aquellas de corte cognitivo o teórico, o de los diferentes niveles académicos. Además nos interesa mostrar las tendencias en cuanto al interés por aportar en la problemática y en mostrar cuáles son las revistas de investigación a nivel internacional que aportan mayores resultados al respecto. No es la intención categorizar o validar los resultados o las revistas, sino tener un panorama de qué tanto se ha dicho en torno al cálculo.
Indagando sobre el límite de funciones desde diferentes registros de representación
Authors: Londoño Millán Noelia , Narro Ramírez Patricia Del Socorro , Yatzil Vera Alejandra
Published: August 2023

En el presente documento se reportan resultados de la fase diagnóstica obtenidos de la ejecución del proyecto de investigación sobre la didáctica del límite y la continuidad de funciones con estudiantes universitarios de varios semestres de dos carreras: licenciatura en matemáticas aplicadas e ingeniería física. El estudio centra laatención en la idea, concepto, desarrollo y uso de los límites desde la teoría de las representaciones, para ello se aplicaron un conjunto de actividades de las cuales se pudieron extraer resultados que muestran varias dificultades, que van desde errores en los procesos algebraicos, dificultades de reconocimiento en el registro gráfico, considerar equivocadamente que límite y el valor funcional siempre coinciden, hasta el desconocimiento del concepto y sus usos, pese a haber cursado y aprobado los cursos de cálculo diferencial, integral y/o vectorial, los cuales incluyen en sus programas por lo menos una unidad que trata sobre este tema.
Estilos de aprendizaje de acuerdo a la teoría de cuadrantes cerebrales en estudiantes del centro universitario UAEM valle de Chalco.
Authors: Celis Guzmán Mónica , Sánchez Soto Juan Manuel , Martínez Reyes Magally , Soberanes Martín Anabelem , Juárez Landin. Cristina
Published: August 2023

El presente artículo describe los estilos de aprendizaje en alumnos del Centro UniversitarioUAEM Valle de Chalco a quienes se les aplicó un instrumento de valoración basado en elModelo de Cuadrantes Cerebrales de Ned Herrmann. La muestra incluyó al 5% de la población estudiantil regular, los resultados indican que existe una dominancia del 61.7% de Cortical Izquierdo en la población, existiendo diferencia significativa por género predominando el cortical izquierdo para hombres y el límbico izquierdo para mujeres respectivamente. Además, se puede identificar que no existe diferencia significativa por los grupos de edades y existe sólo una correlación de 0.405 entre el cortical derecho y el izquierdo. Por lo tanto, el tipo de estrategias de aprendizaje es lineal, en donde es necesario estructurar de manera lógica los contenidos en procesos de nivel creciente.
¿Relación, función ó ecuación?
Authors: Cribeiro Josefina M. , Madrid Humberto , Fraga José Luis
Published: August 2023

Los autores hacen un análisis reflexivo sobre algunas de las preguntas formuladas en las encuestas y entrevistas realizadas, así como de las respuestas de los estudiantes y profesores. Las preguntas formuladas se convierten en planteamiento de problemas. Antes de responder a la pregunta ¿es relación, función ó ecuación? se enfatizan los elementos que caracterizan a los tres conceptos. Se discuten los motivos por los cuales los estudiantes subestiman los conjuntos donde se establecen la ley que vincula a los elementos, por qué no pueden reconocer la diferencia entre función y ecuación y la forma de evitar que los estudiantes se queden con alguna de las representaciones, creyendo que ese es el concepto. Se expone también la forma en que se han logrado aclarar las confusiones conceptuales, las posibles causas que motivaron esas confusiones y se hace una propuesta para tratar cada uno de los conceptos identificando las características de cada uno de ellos, enfatizando aquellas que habitualmente son minimizadas. Se hacen unas reflexiones finales sobre la importancia de estos conceptos en la comprensión de otras materias y se hace una propuesta para la presentación de contenidos.
Registros para una función real cualquiera de variable real.
Authors: Delgado Pineda Miguel
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo se presenta una aproximación visual al concepto de función, introduciendo un par de registros de representación que sean válidos para cualquier función. Se clarifica, mediante imágenes, elconcepto de función mostrando la dualidad del concepto, puesto que una función debe ser interpretada como un proceso y como un objeto. Se presenta un laboratorio de simulación matemática que permite construir objetos gráficos dinámicos que constituyen las imágenes necesarias para generar el proceso de visualización matemática.
El blog como estrategia didáctica innovadora en el aprendizaje del cálculo integral
Authors: Rincón Leal Olga Lucy , Vergel Ortega Mawency , Ortega Sierra Sandra
Published: August 2023

Los blogs son diarios o bitácoras en línea de una persona particular. Su sencillez de uso lo hace que sea una página web fácil de actualizar, y esta razón hacen que su manejo sea de forma masiva permitiendo el aprendizaje oblicuo y llegando a toda la comunidad educativa. En el ámbito de la docencia universitaria es fundamental el uso de esta herramienta tecnológica, dado que conlleva una interacción entre el estudiante-docente la cual hace más dinámica la realización de las clases.

El blog como ayuda didáctica es importante y más en el ámbito universitario, porque el profesor desarrolla en su metodología, estrategias didácticas más activas, apoyándose en un entorno de aprendizaje colaborativo e interactivo, donde el estudiante desarrolla diversas competencias. Así mismo permite el sumergirse en un modelo educativo de comunidades de aprendizaje, al permitir a los profesores crear redes donde interactúen y formulen propuestas, estrategias y herramientas que permitan un aprendizaje significativo en sus estudiantes.

Al respecto, García (2009) manifiesta que los blogs ofrecen muchas posibilidades de uso en procesos educativos, estimulando a los alumnos al escribir, intercambiar ideas, trabajar en equipo, diseñar, visualizar de manera instantánea lo que producen, entre otros. Así mismo, la creación de blogs, por parte de estudiantes, ofrece a los docentes la posibilidad de exigirles realizar procesos de síntesis, ya que al escribir en internet deben ser puntuales y precisos, en los temas que tratarán.

La investigación “utilización del blog como recurso didáctico” se realizó en dos fases: Una primera fase corresponde al diseño y evaluación del diseño por parte de un grupo de expertos, manejando catorce criterios que evaluaron las especificaciones generales y objetivos del blog, su calidad y aplicabilidad. La segunda fase de la evaluación involucra opiniones de los estudiantes. Se evalúan aspectos actitudinales e incluyen ítems que permiten recoger la opinión de los estudiantes con respecto a la valoración del blog como recurso de aprendizaje durante el curso de la asignatura de cálculo integral durante el semestre.
Semiótica de límites de integración triple para volúmenes
Authors: López Vera Lilia , Alanís Durán Alfredo
Published: August 2023

De la experiencia docente, en el Cálculo de Varias Variables, se investigaron significados en el sistema semiótico cultural, el sistema semiótico digital, el tratamiento y la conversión entre registros semióticos de los límites de integración triple, para modelar recipientes y calcular volúmenes. En el sistema cultural de signos propio del proceso docente educativo de la Integración Iterada, la Visualización Matemática Tridimensional se constituye en un proceso de codificación y decodificación para la comprensión de conceptos representados por símbolos literales (lo verbal, discursivo) y símbolos icónicos (registro geométrico, registro numérico y registro algebraico).
Estrategias variacionales en estudiantes de bachillerato de la UAPUAZ en situación experimental
Authors: Ramos Gaytan Jaime , Briceño Solis Eduardo Carlos , Zaldivar Rojas José David
Published: August 2023

En este documento presentamos una experiencia docente sobre las estrategias variacionales que desarrollan estudiantes de bachillerato de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (UAZ) al modelar una situación experimental denominada, Área Extrema. Consideramos que la enseñanza de la derivada se privilegia métodos algorítmicos y el uso de ciertas notaciones para su aprendizaje, lo cual oscurece el desarrollo de argumentos variacionales como elemento esencial de la derivada. Con base en lo anterior, se aplicó la situación que tiene como eje, el desarrollo del Pensamiento y Lenguaje Variacional (PyLV). Desde esta postura se reporta el desarrollo de las estrategias variacionales que usan los estudiantes para generar argumentos referentes a la derivada.
Differences in Early Childhood Independence Based on Mother's Employment Status
Authors: Mayasari  , Yusnadi  , Muhammad Takwin Machmud
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine differences in early childhood independence based on the mother's employment status in  Madrasah Diniyah Awwaliyah (MDA) Kampung Durian, Medan Perjuangan District. The method used in this study is a qualitative method using descriptive qualitative data analysis, namely data collected in the form of words, pictures and not numbers. The data used in this research is primary data. Namely data obtained directly from the field. In this study, primary data was obtained by observation and interviews. The results of this study shows that the student who has employer mothers have a high level of independence compared to student whose mothers do not work and the status of mothers who work or not can also be a factor of a child's independence.
Mengungkap Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi Pengelolaan Dana Desa dalam Mewujudkan Good Financial Governance di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Pada Desa Kaliang di Pinrang)
Authors: Nurindah Nurindah , Abdullah Muhammad Wahyuddin , Sari Nur Rahma
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui akuntabilitas dan transparansi pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Kaliang di tengah pandemi covid-19 dan pengelolaan dana desa Kaliang dalam mewujudkan good financial governance di tengah pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari informan melalui metode observasi, wawancara, dan data sekunder diperoleh dari jurnal dan buku. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Akuntabilitas pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Kaliang sudah menerapkan prinsip akuntabilitas yang didukung prinsip kualitas kerja, produktifitas, kedisiplinan, dan kepuasan masyarakat. (2) Pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Kaliang sudah memenuhi prinsip transparansi. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dari adanya pemasangan baliho rancangan program kerja sehingga masyarakat mendapatkan informasi mengenai anggaran alokasi dana desa. (3) Tata kelola keuangan yang baik di pemerintahan desa (good financial governance) karena pemerintah desa Kaliang dituntut untuk selalu memberikan yang terbaik untuk masyarakat dan mempertanggungjawabkan amanah yang dipercayakan sepenuhnya kepada mereka.
SYAIKH NAWAWI AL-BANTANI; FIGUR, GURU PARA ULAMA, DAN SANTRI TANAH AIR
Authors: Ismail Rosyid  , Irwansyah Suwahyu
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang peranan Syaikh Nawawi al-Bantani sebagai seorang tokoh ulama Indonesia yang memiliki peranan penting terhadap perkembangan pendidikan Islam di Nusantara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan yang mana data diperoleh melalui dokumen-dokumen yang dianalisis dengan analisis isi. Hasil studi ini mengemukakan bahwa Syekikh Nawawi Al-bantani merupakan figur umat Islam tanah air yang telah memberikan sumbangan keilmuannya melalui karya dan muridnya. Beliau juga turut berpartisipasi dalam pembaharuan pemikiran Islam, sehingga hal inilah yang menjadikan Syaikh Nawawi al-Bantani sebagai figur sekaligus guru para ulama dan santri Nusantara.
KONUT VE KONUT ÇEVRESİNİN KALİTESİNİ BELİRLEYEN FAKTÖRLERE İLİŞKİN KULLANICI ÖNCELİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ: KONYA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: LEVEND Sinan , SAĞ Mehmet Akif
Published: August 2023

Türkiye’de yapılı çevrenin oluşumunu, başta inşaat sektörüne hâkim olan yatırımcılar olmak üzere diğer aktörler arasındaki siyaset yönlendirmektedir. Bu durumun konut üretim sürecinde insanların ihtiyaç ve önceliklerinin göz ardı edilmesine neden olabilmektedir. Diğer taraftan sürdürülebilir ve yaşanabilir yapılı çevre üretmenin temel koşulu katılımcı bir yaklaşım benimsemektir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın amacı insanların konut ve konut çevresinin kalitesini belirleyen faktörlere ilişkin önceliklerini belirlemek ve COVID-19 salgınının insanların tercihleri üzerindeki etkisini anlamaktır. Çalışmanın örneklem alanı olan Konya kent merkezinde, COVID-19 öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere iki ayrı dönemde nicel veriler toplanmıştır. Veriler Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, katılımcılar için mahremiyet ve güvenlik faktörleri, konut ve konut çevresinin kalitesini belirleyen en önemli unsurlardır. Bununla birlikte katılımcılar yapılaşma tipi olarak az katlı yapıları ve site tipi yapılaşmayı öncelemektedir. Ayrıca katılımcılar, güvenlik açısından komşuluk olgusuna dayalı sosyal kontrol mekanizmasının, güvenlikli-korunaklı sitelere göre daha öncelikli olduğunu düşünmektedir. COVID-19 salgınının insanların konut ve konut çevresinin kalitesini belirleyen faktörlere ilişkin önceliklerini etkilediği ancak etkinin sınırlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Salgın sürecinde yaşanan travma, gelecekte ortaya çıkabilecek olağanüstü durumlara karşı daha dayanıklı yaşam çevreleri oluşturma ihtiyacını ortaya koymaktadır.
Olfactory detection of viruses shapes brain immunity and behavior in zebrafish
Authors: Kraus Aurora , Garcia Benjamin , Ma Jie , Herrera Kristian J. , Zwaka Hanna , Harpaz Roy , Wong Ryan Y. , Engert Florian , Salinas Irene
Published: August 2023

Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) are constantly exposed to pathogens, including viruses. However, serious brain infection via the olfactory route rarely occurs. When OSNs detect a virus, they coordinate local antiviral immune responses to stop virus progression to the brain. Despite effective immune control in the olfactory periphery, pathogen-triggered neuronal signals reach the CNS via the olfactory bulb (OB). We hypothesized that neuronal detection of a virus by OSNs initiates neuroimmune responses in the OB that prevent pathogen invasion. Using zebrafish (
Danio rerio
) as a model, we demonstrate viral-specific neuronal activation of OSNs projecting into the OB, indicating that OSNs are electrically activated by viruses. Further, behavioral changes are seen in both adult and larval zebrafish after viral exposure. By profiling the transcription of single cells in the OB after OSNs are exposed to virus, we found that both microglia and neurons enter a protective state. Microglia and macrophage populations in the OB respond within minutes of nasal viral delivery followed decreased expression of neuronal differentiation factors and enrichment of genes in the neuropeptide signaling pathway in neuronal clusters. Pituitary adenylate-cyclase-activating polypeptide (
pacap
), a known antimicrobial, was especially enriched in a neuronal cluster. We confirm that PACAP is antiviral
in vitro
and that PACAP expression increases in the OB 1 day post-viral treatment. Our work reveals how encounters with viruses in the olfactory periphery shape the vertebrate brain by inducing antimicrobial programs in neurons and by altering host behavior.
Effects of growth feedback on gene circuits: A dynamical understanding
Authors: Kong Ling-Wei , Shi Wenjia , Tian Xiao-Jun , Lai Ying-Cheng
Published: August 2023

The successful integration of engineered gene circuits into host cells remains a significant challenge in synthetic biology due to circuit-host interactions, such as growth feedback, where the circuit influences cell growth and vice versa. Understanding the dynamics of circuit failures and identifying topologies resilient to growth feedback are crucial for both fundamental and applied research. Utilizing transcriptional regulation circuits with adaptation as a paradigm, we systematically study 435 distinct topological structures and uncover six categories of failures. Three dynamical mechanisms of circuit failures are identified: continuous deformation of the response curve, strengthened or induced oscillations, and sudden switching to coexisting attractors. Our extensive computations also uncover a scaling law between a circuit robustness measure and the strength of growth feedback. Despite the negative effects of growth feedback on the majority of circuit topologies, we identify a few circuits that maintain optimal performance as designed, a feature important for applications.
Is shape in the eye of the beholder? Assessing landmarking error in geometric morphometric analyses on live fish
Authors: Moccetti Paolo , Rodger Jessica R. , Bolland Jonathan D. , Kaiser-Wilks Phoebe , Smith Rowan , Nunn Andy D. , Adams Colin E. , Bright Jen A. , Honkanen Hannele M. , Lothian Angus J. , Newton Matthew , Joyce Domino A.
Published: August 2023

Geometric morphometrics is widely used to quantify morphological variation between biological specimens, but the fundamental influence of operator bias on data reproducibility is rarely considered, particularly in studies using photographs of live animals taken under field conditions. We examined this using four independent operators that applied an identical landmarking scheme to replicate photographs of 291 live Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) from two rivers. Using repeated measures tests, we found significant inter-operator differences in mean body shape, suggesting that the operators introduced a systematic error despite following the same landmarking scheme. No significant differences were detected when the landmarking process was repeated by the same operator on a random subset of photographs. Importantly, in spite of significant operator bias, small but statistically significant morphological differences between fish from the two rivers were found consistently by all operators. Pairwise tests of angles of vectors of shape change showed that these between-river differences in body shape were analogous across operator datasets, suggesting a general reproducibility of findings obtained by geometric morphometric studies. In contrast, merging landmark data when fish from each river are digitised by different operators had a significant impact on downstream analyses, highlighting an intrinsic risk of bias. Overall, we show that, even when significant inter-operator error is introduced during digitisation, following an identical landmarking scheme can identify morphological differences between populations. This study indicates that operators digitising at least a sub-set of all data groups of interest may be an effective way of mitigating inter-operator error and potentially enabling data sharing.
Efficiency of Resource Allocation of Large Cardamom Production: A Case for Nepal East Corridor
Authors: Dhungana S. M. , Regmi P. P. , Dhakal S. C. , Devkota N. R.
Published: August 2023

Aim: This research aimed to assess the resource allocation efficiency of large cardamom production in Nepal east corridors.

Method and Duration of Research: A comprehensive analysis of socio-economic characteristics and economic aspects of large cardamom production was conducted using data collected in 2022 in eastern corridor Nepal with 480 samples.

Result: The socio-economic characterization of large cardamom farmers revealed that the majority of households were headed by males (75.4%), and most had kacchi and semi-pakki houses (77.3%). Nuclear families were more prevalent (71.9%) than joint families (28.1%). Basic education was the most common educational level among household heads (51.7%), and Aadibasi/Janajati was the predominant ethnic group (52.9%). The study identified significant associations between family types and members abroad with the study corridors (p < 0.05). The economic analysis revealed the capital costs and labor costs involved in large cardamom production over a six-year period. Gap filling had a significant positive impact on Marginal Value Product (MVP), increasing it by 182.21 units (99.45%). However, certain factors like chemical costs had a negative impact on MVP, reducing it by 38.33 units (102.61%). Resource use efficiency analysis showed that labor for postharvest activities positively influenced MVP, increasing it by 1.52 units (34.27%). On the other hand, transportation labor had a negative impact, decreasing MVP by 9.89 units (110.11%).

Conclusion: The study contributes valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and farmers in understanding the socio-economic and economic dimensions of large cardamom farming in the study area. Addressing gaps in production, optimizing resource utilization, and focusing on postharvest activities can lead to improved resource efficiency and higher returns for farmers. The findings are crucial for designing targeted policies and interventions to support the large cardamom farming community and promote sustainable agricultural practices.
Assessment of the Interdependence of Soil Properties and Nutrients of District Mirzapur (U.P), India
Authors: Mishra Baishali , Kumar Vinod
Published: August 2023

In present paper assessment of the interdependence of the soil characteristics and nutrients through Multiple Regression analysis and Path coefficient analysis was done. For this soil characteristic data related to the farmers of sampled villages of different blocks of Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh was used. The study reveals that pH has significant positive correlation with Sulphur and Boron and significant negative correlation with Nitrogen, Manganese and Iron. EC has shown significant positive correlation with Potassium, Sulphur and Boron and significant negative correlation with Iron, Manganese and Zinc. Moreover, OC is found to have positive and significant correlation with all the nutrients except Nitrogen. Path coefficient analysis reveals that EC, OC, Sulphur, Copper and Boron have positive direct effects on soil pH and remaining have negative direct effects on soil pH. Multiple Linear Regression Models are developed for estimating soil properties (pH, EC, OC) on the basis of given values of soil nutrients. These models are found to be quite efficient for the said purpose on the basis of large value of R2 and small value of Root Mean Square Error.
Thermal Indices Requirement of Brinjal Varieties (Solanum melongena L.) under Different Planting Windows
Authors: Katkar M. G. , Kharbade S. B. , Wankhede S. Y. , Shaikh A. A. , Sthool V. A.
Published: August 2023

An experiment was carried out at Faculty of Agriculture Department of Agricultural Meteorology Farm, Centre for Advanced Agricultural Meteorology, College of Agriculture, Pune during Kharif seasons of 2014 and 2015.The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications.The treatment comprised of three brinjal hybrids viz.,V1:Phule Arjun, V2: Krishna, V3: Panchganaga as main plot and four planting windows viz., P1: 31st MW (30 July-5 August), P2: 32ndMW (6-12August), P3:33rdMW (13-19 August) and P4: 34thMW (20-26 August) as sub plot treatments.

Cumulative GDD, HTU and PTU at the end of each growth stages showed that numerically higher requirement was observed in hy.Phule Arjun over hy.Krishana and hy.Panchganaga hybrids during both year 2014 and 2015 experimentation period. Whereas, the lowest canopy temperature was found in hy.Phule Arjun (29.0 0C) than rest of the brinjal hybrids. Canopy reflected PAR and transmitted PAR was higher in (191.54 and 188.62 µ mol m-2s-1) Panchganaga hybrids among the brinjal hybrids. Heat unit requirement or GDD has been used for characterizing the thermal response in brinjal crop. GDD for entire crop growing period decreased with subsequent delay in planting. HTU and PTU were also decreased during later planting windows condition. GDD in different stages in that emergence (59.6 and 72.3), vegetative growth (481 and 478), 50% flowering (575 and 568), first harvesting (681 and 645), last harvesting (1178 and 1183) was observed in hybrid Phule Arjun during 2014 and 2015, respectively. Lower GDD was observed in hy.Panchaganaga during 2014 and 2015, respectively. The highest HTU observed in 31st MW planting windows in hybrids Phule Arjun (5376 and 9190.4).This was followed by hy.krishna and Panchganaga (5370 and 9086) during 2014 and 2015, respectively. Highest HTU was observed in 31st MW in hybrids Phule Arjun followed by hy.krishna and lower in panchganga.
Field Evaluation of Biorationals and Chemical Insecticides against Thrips parvispinus (Karny) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in Chrysanthemum
Authors: Manideep Sake , Muthuswami M. , Shanmugam P. S. , Suganthi A. , Boopathi N. Manikanda
Published: August 2023

Field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of biorationals and chemical insecticides against black thrips, Thrips parvispinus (Karny) on chrysanthemum. Thrips population ranged from 15.33 to 13.89/flower before spraying. The efficacy of seven biorationals and seven chemical insecticides were evaluated against black thrips under field conditions. The application of pongamia soap @5g/lit and Spinosad 45% SC @ 0.2 ml/lit reduced the thrips incidence significantly among the biorational and chemical insecticides respectively. The mean per reduction of thrips incidence in pongamia soap @ 5 gm/lit application was 74.90%. This was followed by neem soap @ 5g/lit (72.25%), azadirachtin @10000ppm (71.10%), Beauveria bassiana (66.76%), Isaria fumosorosea (64.93%), Lecanicillium lecanii (63.72%), and Metarhizium anisopilae (62.46%). Among the chemical insecticides Spinosad 45%SC @ 0.2 ml/lt. stood first in the order of efficacy with 80.2% reduction in thrips population. The order of efficacy of chemical insecticides against black thrips in chrysanthemum are spinetoram 11.7%SC (76.245%) > cyantraniliprole 10%OD (73.92%) > fipronil 5% SC (72.24%) > thiamethoxam 25% WG (70.79%) > dinotefuran 20% WG (69.80%) > tolfenpyrad 15% EC (68.02%). The effective biorational and chemical insecticide can be included as a component in the Integrated pest management of thrips complex in chrysanthemum. The rotation of effective compounds will reduce the resistance development against insecticides in thrips associated with chrysanthemum and also reduces the thrips infestation.
A Systematic Review on Exploring the Role of Uric Acid in Predicting New-Onset Renal Damage in Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Mohamoud Iman , Olanisa Olawale O. , Parab Panah , Chaudhary Priti , Mukhtar Sonia , Moradi Ali , Kodali Athri , Okoye Chiugo , Klein Hannah Dhadon , Khan Safeera
Published: August 2023

Background: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that can lead to significant renal damage if not detected and managed early. Hyperuricemia has been proposed as a potential predictive biomarker for renal outcomes in LN. However, gender-specific cut-off values for uric acid and the optimal timing of uric acid testing following LN diagnosis remain unclear.

Methodology: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the utility of hyperuricemia in predicting new-onset renal damage in LN. We searched five prominent databases (PubMed, Medline, Direct Science, Google Scholar, and BMC) for articles published in English within the past decade. Only studies involving participants over 18 years of age with biopsy-proven LN were included in this review.

Results: Ten research papers, encompassing a total of 1,674 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven LN, were identified. The majority of these papers reported a positive correlation between hyperuricemia and LN, predominantly in female patients. An average follow-up duration of two years was found to have the highest specificity for uric acid as a predictor, with cut-off ranges varying from >4.9 mg/dl to >9.39 mg/dl

Conclusion: This systematic review highlights the potential significance of hyperuricemia as a predictive biomarker for new-onset renal damage in LN. Gender-specific cut-off values for uric acid could enhance the accuracy of prognostic assessment. Uric acid testing, which is affordable and widely accessible across various healthcare settings, may aid in achieving early identification of patients at risk of renal deterioration after LN diagnosis. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and establish standardized guidelines for incorporating uric acid testing into the clinical management of LN patients.
Cultural Connotation of Mountains, Rivers, Forests, Farmlands, Lakes, Grasslands and Deserts
Authors: Xiaohong Liu , Jie Cheng , Hongyan Sun
Published: August 2023

“Nature is the mother of life, and it is a community of life for man and nature”. Since the emergence of human beings, the natural environment has been the source of human survival, development and innovation. Through combing ancient literature records and investigating and analyzing the cultural characteristics of China's different geographic environments, we attempt to discover the intrinsic roots of nature and culture. The relationship between human beings and nature also changes with the development of the times. From adapting to nature, utilizing nature, transforming nature, and then feeding nature, reshaping nature and protecting nature, it is not only a process of harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature, but also a process of creating culture, forming rich and distinctive cultural types and forms. Mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, deserts and human beings are interdependent and closely related to a community of life. In order to adapt to the different environments of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands and deserts, human beings have adopted different ways of living, production and life, and formed natural cultures of " Each place has its way of supporting its inhabitants". The cultures originating from nature are the ways of getting along with nature gradually formed in the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. They are also the excellent culture that we need to inherit and carry forward in the modern construction of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
Hypotony Maculopathy Associated With Extruded Fluocinolone Acetonide Intravitreal Implant
Authors: Soifer Matias , Leite Ryan , Kodati Shilpa
Published: August 2023

This case report discusses a diagnosis of hypotony maculopathy associated with extrusion of a fluocinolone intravitreal implant in a patient who presented with painless, decreased vision in the right eye.
Strengthened d‐p Orbital‐Hybridization of Single Atoms with Sulfur Species Induced Bidirectional Catalysis for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Sun Tingting , Huang Fangduo , Liu Junliang , Yu Hao , Feng Xinyan , Feng Xuefan , Yang Yu , Shu Hongbo , Zhang Fuqin
Published: August 2023

Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have been widely explored as additives to improve the performance of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries, however, the design of highly catalytic and in‐depth knowledge of the structure–activity relationship of SACs remains a huge challenge. Herein, electron redistribution of the Co site by introducing the S atom to replace the N atom in the first coordination shell is theoretically predicted to enhance the anchoring capability of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and simultaneously facilitate the redox process of Li–S batteries, due to the strengthened d‐p orbital hybridization between sulfur species and SACs compared with the traditional CoN4 architecture. Enlightened by theoretical analysis, asymmetric (N, S) coordinated Co single atoms embedded on N, S‐doped hierarchically porous carbon (S‐Co‐SACs/NSC) is precisely designed and constructed as a high‐efficiency fixity and catalyst for Li–S batteries. Therefore, the battery with S@S‐Co‐SACs/NSC cathode exhibits high areal capacity and cycling stability. This work highlights the vital function of the electronic structures of SACs in promoting the practical application of Li–S batteries.
Visible Light‐Induced Benzylic C(sp3)−C(sp2) Defluorinative Coupling between Indole Derivatives and Polyfluoroarenes
Authors: Li Yan , Tong He , Li Yukun , Chen Kang , Zhu Yingguang
Published: August 2023

A visible light‐induced transition metal‐free benzylic C(sp3)−C(sp2) defluorinative coupling between indole derivatives and polyfluoroarenes via the sequential electron transfer‐proton transfer (ET/PT) process has been developed, affording various polyfluorinated diarylmethanes. This protocol features mild conditions and good functional group tolerance.
Cu(II)‐Catalyzed [3+2]‐Annulation of 2‐Pyridinyl‐substituted p‐Quinone Methides with Enaminones: Access to Functionalized Indolizine Derivatives
Authors: Ahmad Feroz , Ranga Pavit K. , Fatma Shaheen , Kumar Arun , Vijaya Anand Ramasamy
Published: August 2023

This article describes an effective and atom‐economical protocol to access a wide range of synthetically important functionalized indolizine derivatives. This transformation basically takes place through a Cu(II) catalyzed formal [3+2] annulation of 2‐pyridinyl substituted p‐quinone methides with enaminones. This method displayed a good functional group tolerance and, was found to be effective for most of the enaminones and p‐QMs, and the corresponding indolizines were obtained in moderate to good yields.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Reactions of 2’‐Cyano‐biaryl‐2‐aldehyde N‐Tosylhydrazones with Terminal Alkynes: An Approach towards 9‐Amino‐10‐alkynylphenanthrene Modules
Authors: Lv Jiaying , Hua Ruimao
Published: August 2023

Herein, we report a cascade strategy towards 9‐amino‐10‐alkynylphenanthrenes, which involves copper(I)‐catalyzed reactions of 2’‐cyano‐biaryl‐2‐aldehyde N‐tosylhydrazones and terminal alkynes in a one‐pot manner. In addition, the obtained 9‐amino‐10‐alkynylphenanthrenes could be engaged as π‐extending building blocks in the synthesis of 9H‐ dibenzo[3,4:5,6]borinino[1,2‐b]phenanthro‐[9,10‐e][1,2]azaborinine (BNTBA), a new‐type BN‐embedded PACs, which shows the different properties compared with its all‐carbon analogue tribenzo[f,k,m]tetraphene (TBA). The present synthetic method starts from easily available commercial substrates and provides a practical way for the syntheses of highly functionalized phenanthrenes and π‐extension BN‐embedded PACs.
Sonodynamic Cytokine Nanocomplexes with Specific Stimulation towards Effector T Cell for Combination Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Mengke , Yu Jie , Zhang Chi , Xu Cheng , Wei Xin , Pu Kanyi
Published: August 2023

Cytokine therapy mediates the interaction between immune cells and non‐immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), forming a promising approach in cancer therapy. However, the dose‐dependent adverse effects and non‐selective stimulation of cytokines limit their clinical use. We herein report a sonodynamic cytokine nano‐immunocomplex (SPNAI) that specifically activates effector T cells (Teffs) for antitumor immunotherapy. By conjugating anti‐interleukin‐2 (anti‐IL‐2) antibodies S4B6 on the semiconducting polymer nanoparticles to afford SPNA, this nanoantibody SPNA can bind with IL‐2 to form SPNAI which can block the interaction between IL‐2 and regulatory T cells (Tregs), selectively activating Teffs in TME. Moreover, SPNAI generates 1O2 to trigger immunogenic cell death of cancer cells upon sono‐irradiation, which promotes the maturation of dendritic cells and the proliferation of Teffs. This SPNAI‐mediated combination sonodynamic immunotherapy thus elevates the ratio of Teffs/Tregs in TME, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth, suppression of lung metastasis and prevention of tumor relapse.
Tunable Synthesis of Monofluoroalkenes and Gem‐Difluoroalkenes via Solvent‐Controlled Rhodium‐Catalyzed Arylation of 1‐Bromo‐2,2‐difluoroethylene
Authors: Xu Wen‐Yan , Xu Zhe‐Yuan , Zhang Ze‐Kuan , Gong Tian‐Jun , Fu Yao
Published: August 2023

Divergent synthesis of fluorine‐containing scaffolds starting from a suite of raw materials is an intriguing topic. Herein, we report the solvent‐controlled rhodium‐catalyzed tunable arylation of 1‐bromo‐2,2‐difluoroethylene. The selection of the reaction solvents provides switchable defluorinated or debrominated arylation from readily available feedstock resources (both arylboronic acids/esters and 1‐bromo‐2,2‐difluoroethylene are commercially available). This switch is feasible because of the difference in coordination ability between the solvent (CH2Cl2 or CH3CN) and the rhodium center, resulting in different olefin insertion. This protocol allows the convenient synthesis of monofluoroalkenes and gem‐difluoroalkenes, both of which are important scaffolds in the fields of medicine and materials. Moreover, this newly developed solvent‐regulated reaction system can be applied to the site‐selective dechlorinated arylation of trichloroethylene. Overall, this study provides a useful strategy for the divergent synthesis of fluorine‐containing scaffolds and provides insight into the importance of solvent selection in catalytic reactions.
Tunable dielectric characteristics ofTPU/PPycomposite film and foamyfilm with low loss over a wide range of temperature
Authors: Acharya Swatee , Swain Lopamudra , Sahoo Bibhu Prasad
Published: August 2023

In the present research, thermoplastic polyurethane/polypyrrole (TPU/PPy) dielectric composites film and the lightweight foamyfilm are fabricated using the most simplified solvent casting and modified phase separation water immersion techniques, respectively. The establishment of chemical interaction and morphological investigations of the fabricated systems are analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), respectively. Various dielectric properties, together with complex impedance, are determined over a wide range of frequencies (1 Hz–1 MHz) and temperatures (25°C–120°C). Most interestingly, above 30 Hz frequency, a significantly low value (<0.1) dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) is obtained at ambient temperature. A 90:10 foamyfilm exhibits a dielectric permittivity (ε') and tanδof 236 and 0.05 at 50 Hz frequency, respectively. Both 90:10 film and foamyfilm systems exhibit a significantly increasing trend ofε′ as well as low tanδwith an increase in temperature over a wide range of frequencies. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results of the 90:10 film and foamyfilm indicate the superior thermal stability of the 90:10 foamyfilm system. Based on the obtained low dielectric loss, the fabricated dielectric film, and foamyfilm can be employed in energy storage and high‐temperature sensing applications.
Super rapid preparation of biodiesel over highly dispersed K2CO3 supported by LDH
Authors: Yang Ying , Tao Shuang , Li Guangtao , Guo Aijun , Tang Ying
Published: August 2023

A new heterogeneous K2CO3 supported by a layered double hydroxide (LDH), Mg–Al hydrotalcite, was prepared and used as a catalyst for the biodiesel preparation by a tri‐component coupling transesterification of methanol, vegetable oil, and methyl acetate. K2CO3/Mg‐Al exhibits high catalytic activities, and biodiesel yield can reach 99.48% within 20 min under 60°C, with 6 wt.% of K2CO3/Mg‐Al, 1:1:12 molar ratio of rapeseed oil, methyl acetate, and methanol. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen physical adsorption, thermogravimetry analysis, and CO2‐chemical adsorption were used to assess the physical properties of the prepared K2CO3/Mg‐Al. Using the tri‐component coupling transesterification, 12.2% cost reduce can be get by reducing the cost from 8458 to 7424 ¥/t compared with di‐component transesterification containing oil and methanol as resource.
Validation of a high‐performance liquid chromatography method for detecting flubendazole and 2‐aminoflubendazole in canine plasma
Authors: Bergman Joan , Harvill Lainey , Smith Joe , Haynes Ellen , Cleveland Christopher A. , Yabsley Michael J. , Coker Sarah , Najahi‐Missaoui Wided , Elder Deborah , Cox Sherry
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to establish a reliable method for the quantification of flubendazole and its metabolite, 2‐aminoflubendazole, in small‐volume canine plasma samples. Following liquid extraction with chloroform, samples were separated by reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography on an XBridge C18 4.6 × 250 mm column (5 μm). Quantification was performed using ultraviolet detection at 246 nm. A mixture of 5 mM potassium phosphate monobasic and acetonitrile (72:28) was used as the mobile phase. The standard curve ranged from 2.5 to 1000 ng/mL. Intra‐ and interassay variance for flubendazole and 2‐aminoflubendazole was less than 6%, while the recovery ranged from 91 to 101%. The lower limit of quantification was 2.5 ng/mL. This method was successfully validated and applied to the analysis of flubendazole and 2‐aminoflubendazole samples.
Multi–component Cahn–Hilliard Systems with Singular Potentials: Theoretical Results
Authors: Gal C. G. , Grasselli M. , Poiatti A. , Shomberg J. L.
Published: August 2023

We consider a system of nonlinear diffusion equations modelling (isothermal) phase segregation of an ideal mixture of $$N\ge 2$$

N
≥
2

components occupying a bounded region $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^{d},$$

Ω
⊂

R

d

,

$$d\le 3$$

d
≤
3

. Our system is subject to a constant mobility matrix of coefficients, a free energy functional given in terms of singular entropy generated potentials and localized capillarity effects. We prove well-posedness and regularity results which generalize the ones obtained by Elliott and Luckhaus (IMA Preprint Ser 887, 1991). In particular, if $$d\le 2$$

d
≤
2

, we derive the uniform strict separation of solutions from the singular points of the (entropy) nonlinearity. Then, even if $$d=3$$

d
=
3

, we prove the existence of a global (regular) attractor as well as we establish the convergence of solutions to single equilibria. If $$d=3$$

d
=
3

, this convergence requires the validity of the asymptotic strict separation property. This work constitutes the first part of an extended three-part study involving the phase behavior of multi-component systems, with a second part addressing the presence of nonlocal capillarity effects, and a final part concerning the numerical study of such systems along with some relevant application.
Take a break: should breaks be enforced during digital breast tomosynthesis reading sessions?
Authors: Partridge George John William , Taib Adnan Gani , Phillips Peter , James Jonathan Jeffrey , Satchithananda Keshthra , Sharma Nisha , Morel Juliet , McAvinchey Rita , Valencia Alexandra , Teh William , Khan Humaira , Muscat Elizabeth , Michell Michael James , Chen Yan
Published: August 2023

Objectives

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) can improve diagnostic accuracy compared to 2D mammography, but DBT reporting is time-consuming and potentially more fatiguing. Changes in diagnostic accuracy and subjective and objective fatigue were evaluated over a DBT reporting session, and the impact of taking a reporting break was assessed.

Materials and methods

Forty-five National Health Service (NHS) mammography readers from 6 hospitals read a cancer-enriched set of 40 DBT cases whilst eye tracked in this prospective cohort study, from December 2020 to April 2022. Eye-blink metrics were assessed as objective fatigue measures. Twenty-one readers had a reporting break, 24 did not. Subjective fatigue questionnaires were completed before and after the session. Diagnostic accuracy and subjective and objective fatigue measures were compared between the cohorts using parametric and non-parametric significance testing.

Results

Readers had on average 10 years post-training breast screening experience and took just under 2 h (105.8 min) to report all cases. Readers without a break reported greater levels of subjective fatigue (44% vs. 33%, p = 0.04), which related to greater objective fatigue: an increased average blink duration (296 ms vs. 286 ms, p < 0.001) and a reduced eye-opening velocity (76 mm/s vs. 82 mm/s, p < 0.001). Objective fatigue increased as the trial progressed for the no break cohort only (ps < 0.001). No difference was identified in diagnostic accuracy between the groups (accuracy: 87% vs. 87%, p = 0.92).

Conclusions

Implementing a break during a 2-h DBT reporting session resulted in lower levels of subjective and objective fatigue. Breaks did not impact diagnostic accuracy, which may be related to the extensive experience of the readers.

Clinical relevance statement

DBT is being incorporated into many mammography screening programmes. Recognising that reporting breaks are required when reading large volumes of DBT studies ensures this can be factored in when setting up reading sessions.

Trial registration

Clinical trials registration number: NCT03733106

Key Points

• Use of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in breast screening programmes can cause significant reader fatigue.

• The effectiveness of incorporating reading breaks into DBT reporting sessions, to reduce mammography reader fatigue, was investigated using eye tracking.

• Integrating breaks into DBT reporting sessions reduced reader fatigue; however, diagnostic accuracy was unaffected.