bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
كاريگەريى ڕۆڵى سەركردە لە سەر بارودۆخى سياسى باكور و باشورى كوردستان لە نێوان ساڵانى ١٩١٨- ١٩٢١
Authors: Shareef Hewa H.
Published: December 2019

ئەم توێژينەوەيە هەوڵێكە بۆ تيشك خستنەسەر ڕۆڵ و هەڵوێستى سياسى و سەربازى سەركردە كوردەكان لە باكور و باشورى كوردستان، مەبەست لە زاراوەى (سەركردە) لەم توێژينەوەيەدا ئەو سەركردە خۆجێى و ناوچەيیانەيە كە لە دواى جەنگى يەكەمى جيهانى دەركەوتن و ڕۆڵ و چالاكى سياسى و سەربازيان لە ناوچەكانى خۆيان بينيوە، هەڵوێست و كردار و بڕيارەكانيان كەم تا زۆر كاريگەرى ئەرێنى و نەرێنى بۆ سەر دوا ڕۆژى سياسى هەبووە. دواى جەنگى يەكەمى جيهانى و شكستى دەوڵەتى عوسمانى لە جەنگەكەدا چەند گۆڕانكاريەكى گەورەى لە كوردستان بە دواى خۆيدا هێنا، كە خۆى لە كۆتايهێنان بە دەسەڵاتى عوسمانيەكان لە كوردستان هێنا و بەمەش بۆشايەكى سياسى و كارگێرى ناوچە كوردنشينەكانى گرتەوە، ئەم پێشهاتانە دەرفەتێكى سياسى گونجاوى بۆ كورد هێنايە پێش تا پرسە نەتەوەيى و سياسيەكەى بەرەو پێش ببات، بەڵام بە هۆى چەند هۆکارێكەوە كورد نەيتوانى دەرفەتەكە بقۆزێتەوە، كە يەكێك لەم هۆکارانە كورتبينى و كەم ئەزمونى (سەركردە) كانى كورد بو لە كارى سياسيدا. توێژينەوەكە لە پێشەكى و دەروازەيەك و دو تەوەر و ئەنجام پێكهاتووە، دەروازەكەى بۆ خستنەڕوى بارودۆخى سياسى و سەربازى و كۆمەڵايەتى لە ناوچە كوردنشينەكانى باكور و باشورى كوردستان لە پێش و لە سەروبەندى جەنگی يەكەمى جيهانى تەرخانکراوە. تەوەرەى يەكەم بۆ ڕۆڵ و چالاكى و كاريگەرى (سەركردە) سياسى و سەربازيە كوردەكانى باكورى كوردستان لە ڕوداوەكانى دواى جەنگى يەكەمى جيهانى تەرخان كراوە. تەوەرەى دووەميش پێكهاتووە لە ڕۆڵ و هەڵوێست و كاريگەرى (سەركردە) كوردەكانى باشورى كوردستان بەرامبەر بارودۆخى سياسى و سەربازى لە دواى جەنگى يەكەمى جيهانى.
Impacts of Manual Handling Training and Lifting Devices on Risks of Back Pain among Nurses: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Aljohani Wael Abdullah , Pascua Glezzeelyne Pascual
Published: December 2019

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries, notably lower back injuries, are major occupational health problems among nurses. These injuries occur mainly due to incorrect use of body mechanics upon handling, lifting, and transfer of patients. It is the leading cause of occupational disability and is associated with increased healthcare costs. Reducing these injuries can lead to a significant reduction in healthcare costs.Purpose: This integrative literature review aims to examine the impacts of manual handling and lifting devices on the risk of back pain among hospital nurses.Methods: This study uses an integrative literature review design. Proquest, Science Direct, MEDLINE, and CINAHL were searched comprehensively. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram was used to check the number of publications that were identified and screened for eligibility, and the number of publications excluded and reasons for exclusion. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and the Centre for Evidence-Based Management critical appraisal checklist for a cross-sectional study (CEBM) were used to appraise the quality of selected articles.Results: Fifteen studies were found to highlight the importance of manual handling training programs and the consistent use of lifting devices in the prevention of low back pain. Ergonomics training, proper body mechanics and posture, use of body slings, workplace characteristics, availability of equipments and complexity of work, lost work days including nurses’ knowledge, experience, attitude and compliance are essential factors that impacts back pain.Conclusion: Manual handling training programs and the use of patient lifting equipment are effective in preventing lower back pain among nurses.
Digital equity: Considering the needs of staff as a social justice issue
Authors: Willems Julie
Published: December 2019

The rollout of technological advances in tertiary teaching and learning continues unabated. Concerns around staff lag in acceptance and adoption may overlook hidden influences. While considerations to address the digital divide and digital equity for tertiary students has been a growing social justice issue since the 1980s, what of the academic and professional staff who facilitate their teaching and learning? They are the other side of the coin and, as a cohort, are as diverse as the students they teach. Today, building staff capacity in the implementation of technology in teaching and learning in higher education still remains a key need. Yet a one-size-fits-all approach may miss the differing needs, views and capabilities of staff. It may also be built and developed upon explicit assumptions relating to staff access, skills and ability. For an equity-based approach to building staff capacity through professional development, empathy is required in purveying staff values, abilities, and needs. To address such issues and empower staff, a robust professional development program on digital technology is but one means to help stem the digital divide between staff haves and have-nots.
Digital equity and accessible MOOCs: Accessibility evaluations of mobile MOOCs for learners with visual impairments
Authors: Park Kyudong , So Hyo-Jeong , Cha Hyunjin
Published: December 2019

Despite the popular claim that massive open online courses (MOOCs) can democratise educational opportunities, this study suggests that current MOOC platforms are not designed to be accessible and inclusive for learners with disabilities. Our main goals in this study were to identify the needs and barriers that learners with visual impairments face when learning with mobile devices in MOOCs and to make recommendations for designing MOOCs that are more accessible and inclusive. We conducted this study in two phases: a user study (Phase I) and a heuristic walkthrough (Phase II). In Phase I, we conducted a user study with three university students with visual impairments to identify their needs and the barriers to learning that they encounter in mobile MOOC platforms. In Phase II, five evaluators conducted a heuristic walkthrough based on Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 (World Wide Web Consortium, 2008) to examine the degree of accessibility of a MOOC platform. Overall, the results indicate that serious accessibility issues exist in MOOC platforms, preventing learners with visual impairments from fully participating in learning activities. We conclude this paper by recommending ways to design mobile MOOCs to make them more accessible for learners with visual impairments.
Conservative surgical management for immediate postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Puangsricharoen Pimpitcha , Manchana Tarinee
Published: December 2019

Background

Conservative surgical management for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), such as balloon tamponade, uterine compression suture, and uterine artery ligation, has the benefit of preserving reproductive function.

Objectives

To assess the efficacy and subsequent pregnancy outcome of conservative surgical management for patients with immediate PPH.

Methods

Medical records of patients who had PPH between January 2011 and December 2016 were reviewed. Conservative surgical management included B-Lynch uterine compression suture, Bakri balloon tamponade, and uterine artery ligation. The treatments were considered successful if patients did not require subsequent hysterectomy. Perioperative complications and subsequent pregnancy outcomes were recorded.

Results

Of 30,271 deliveries, 669 patients experienced PPH or 2.2% of total deliveries. Sixty-one patients (9.1%) did not respond to medical treatment with various uterotonic agents. Hysterectomy was selected initially in 30 patients. Conservative surgical management was performed in 31 patients: 15 Bakri balloon tamponade, 13 uterine compression suture, and 3 uterine artery ligation. There were 3 patients who failed Bakri balloon tamponade and proceeded to perform uterine compression suture with successful outcome. The success rates for conservative surgical treatment were 66.7%, 75%, and 66.7%, respectively. All patients who had successful conservative surgical management resumed normal menstruation. Three out of 11 patients (27.3%) who desired subsequent pregnancy were able to conceive and carry out a viable pregnancy.

Conclusion

Conservative surgical management has acceptable success rates for controlling intractable immediate PPH. Implementation of such procedures should be done to preserve fertility and decrease maternal morbidity and mortality.
Understanding and Assessing the Implications of Co-Creation in the Banking Industry
Authors: Feldmann Anna , Teuteberg Frank
Published: December 2019

In the B2B (business-to-business) environment, increasing digitalisation and new technological possibilities also entail substantial changes for working methods in banking. In this context, the concept of co-creation and collaboration in teams comes to the fore. Many studies currently exist on teamwork, but none is directly related to co-creation activities. The present study aims to bridge the current knowledge gap by investigating teamwork in co-creation projects. By using of a case study and a quantitative questionnaire, the study makes two contributions: a) It uses the example of the GENOhackathon format to demonstrate how co-creation is already being used in the B2B environment, and b) it sheds light on perceived team reflexivity, and performance evaluation.
Prevalence of Color Blindness among Students of Secondary Schools in Shahrekord
Authors: Memarzadeh Ezzat Allah , Ganji Forouzan
Published: December 2019

Background and aims: Color blindness is a disease that remains undiagnosed in some cases. The diagnosis of the disease during schooling is necessary to take the required measures for the future life of adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of color blindness among the students of secondary schools in Shahrekord. Methods: In this descriptive study, 4074 students of secondary schools across Shahrekord were included by the cluster sampling method. Ishihara color blindness test plate was used to diagnose color blindness. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and percentage) by SPSS 18. Results: In general, 362 (88.8%) patients had color blindness. Out of 2052 male students and 2022 female ones, 343 (16.71%) and 19 (0.93%) cases were diagnosed with color blindness, respectively. In both genders, most students had deuteranopia or deuteranomalia, while other types of color blindness, including tritanomaly, were not detected in the students. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the number of color blind people in the studied region was higher compared to the results of studies in the other regions of Iran. Moreover, the prevalence of color blindness was more in males compared to females. In addition, the prevalence of other kinds of color blindness mainly belonged to deuteranopia or deuteranomalia.
Love of the Road and Memories in the Water
Authors: Jarec Morana
Published: December 2019

The article presents various ways of transformation of infrastructural spaces in the region of Gorski Kotar (Croatia) into a symbolic place, through affects of the local population. The research is conducted within the context of the Lujzijana road, dating from the beginning of the 19th century, connecting the cities of Rijeka and Karlovac, and a dam with its vast artificial lake, built in the 1950s in the village of Lokve. Certain events, scenes, situations, narratives, practices and reactions as generators and consequences of affects are used as a base for the analysis. The study shows that people experience different kinds of affects in relation to both physical features of infrastructure and its influences, which are then expressed through literature, in plain conversations, through individual practice and organized activities. While the Lujzijana road, as an instance of cultural heritage, provokes feelings of love and respect, the dam and the lake create a hybrid place composed of joyous memories related to the time of the construction of the dam, as well as sad memories of the lost villages, flooded by the lake.
Marulićev diskurs o djevičanstvu u Instituciji i Evanđelistaru
Authors: Dulibić-Paljar Dubravka
Published: December 2019

Polazeći od suvremene feminističke književnohistoriografske i historiografske problematizacije djevičanstva, u članku se analizira Marulićev diskurs o djevičanstvu u moralnoteološkim spisima Institucija (1506) i Evanđelistar (1516). Analizom se navedenih djela nastoji razabrati i razumjeti način kojim se djevičanstvo kao složena i imanentno proturječna konstrukcija u Marulićevim tekstovima uspostavljala iznova obnavljajući svoja ishodišna utemeljenja, dok se naglasak postavlja na fenomen ženske asketske virilnosti, osobito karakterističan za rane tipove ženske svetosti koji prevladavaju u Instituciji.
Poslovice u Vitezovićevu Odiljenju sigetskom
Authors: Budišćak Vanja
Published: December 2019

Među brojnim književnim žanrovima što ih je Pavao Ritter Vitezović (1652. – 1713.) uključio u svoj vrstovno hibridan “spjev” Odiljenje sigetsko (1684) posebno mjesto pripada poslovicama. Raspršene u sva četiri dijela teksta, poslovice su jedan od najzastupljenijih žanrova u Odiljenju, ali i u Vitezovićevu bogatom i raznorodnom stvaralačkom opusu uopće. U radu se stoga upozorava na značenjsku (semantičku) raznolikost poslovica u Odiljenju sigetskom, istražuje njihovo moguće porijeklo (usmena/pisana književnost) i funkcija unutar samoga “spjeva”, a uspoređuje ih se i s poslovicama iz nekih drugih Vitezovićevih djela na hrvatskom jeziku. Analiza će pokazati da je sveprisutnost poslovica u Odiljenju zapravo odjek izrazite barokne sklonosti (usmenoknjiževnim) poslovicama i paremiologizmima, ali i jasan dokaz Vitezovićeve želje da svoje djelo približi (i) slabije obrazovanim čitateljima.
Effect of Different Recoveries During HIIT Sessions on Metabolic and Cardiorespiratory Responses and Sprint Performance in Healthy Men
Authors: Germano Moisés D. , Sindorf Márcio A.G. , Crisp Alex H. , Braz Tiago V. , Brigatto Felipe A. , Nunes Ana G. , Verlengia Rozângela , Moreno Marlene A. , Aoki Marcelo S. , Lopes Charles R.
Published: December 2019

Germano, MD, Sindorf, MAG, Crisp, AH, Braz, TV, Brigatto, FA, Nunes, AG, Verlengia, R, Moreno, MA, Aoki, MS, and Lopes, CR. Effect of different recoveries during HIIT sessions on metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses and sprint performance in healthy men. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 121–129, 2022—The purpose of this study was to investigate how the type (passive and active) and duration (short and long) recovery between maximum sprints affect blood lactate concentration, O2 consumed, the time spent at high percentages of V̇o
2max, and performance. Subjects were randomly assigned to 4 experimental sessions of high-intensity interval training exercise. Each session was performed with a type and duration of the recovery (short passive recovery–2 minutes, long passive recovery [LPR–8 minutes], short active recovery–2 minutes, and long active recovery [LAR–8 minutes]). There were no significant differences in blood lactate concentration between any of the recoveries during the exercise period (p > 0.05). The LAR presented a significantly lower blood lactate value during the postexercise period compared with LPR (p < 0.01). The LPR showed a higher O2 volume consumed in detriment to the active protocols (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in time spent at all percentages of V̇o
2max between any of the recovery protocols (p > 0.05). The passive recoveries showed a significantly higher effort time compared with the active recoveries (p < 0.001). Different recovery does not affect blood lactate concentration during exercise. All the recoveries permitted reaching and time spent at high percentages of V̇o
2max. Therefore, all the recoveries may be efficient to generate disturbances in the cardiorespiratory system.
Isolated & Combined Wearable Technology Underestimate the Total Energy Expenditure of Professional Young Rugby League Players; A Doubly Labelled Water Validation Study
Authors: Costello Nessan , Deighton Kevin , Cummins Cloe , Whitehead Sarah , Preston Thomas , Jones Ben
Published: December 2019

Costello, N, Deighton, K, Cummins, C, Whitehead, S, Preston, T, and Jones, B. Isolated & combined wearable technology underestimate the total energy expenditure of professional young rugby league players; a doubly labelled water validation study. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3398–3403, 2022—Accurately determining total energy expenditure (TEE) enables the precise manipulation of energy balance within professional collision-based sports. Therefore, this study investigated the ability of isolated or combined wearable technology to determine the TEE of professional young rugby league players across a typical preseason and in-season period. Total energy expenditure was measured via doubly labelled water, the criterion method, across a fourteen-day preseason (n = 6) and 7-day in-season (n = 7) period. Practical measures of TEE included SenseWear Pro3 Armbands in isolation and combined with metabolic power derived from microtechnology units. SenseWear Pro3 Armbands significantly under-reported preseason (5.00 [2.52] MJ·d−1; p = 0.002) and in-season (2.86 [1.15] MJ·d−1; p < 0.001) TEE, demonstrating a large and extremely large standardized mean bias, and a very large and large typical error, respectively. Combining metabolic power with SenseWear Pro3 Armbands almost certainly improved preseason (0.95 [0.15] MJ·d−1; Effect size = 0.32 ± 0.04; p < 0.001) and in-season (1.01 [0.15] MJ·d−1; ES = 0.88 ± 1.05; p < 0.001) assessment. However, SenseWear Pro3 Armbands combined with metabolic power continued to significantly under-report preseason (4.04 [2.38] MJ·d−1; p = 0.004) and in-season (2.18 [0.96] MJ·d−1; p = 0.002) expenditure, demonstrating a large and very large standardized mean bias, and a very large and large typical error, respectively. These findings demonstrate the limitations of utilizing isolated or combined wearable technology to accurately determine the TEE of professional collision-based sport athletes across different stages of the season.
Muscle Failure Promotes Greater Muscle Hypertrophy in Low-Load but Not in High-Load Resistance Training
Authors: Lasevicius Thiago , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Silva-Batista Carla , Barros Talita de Souza , Aihara André Yui , Brendon Helderson , Longo Ariel Roberth , Tricoli Valmor , Peres Bergson de Almeida , Teixeira Emerson Luiz
Published: December 2019

Lasevicius, T, Schoenfeld, BJ, Silva-Batista, C, Barros, TdS, Aihara, AY, Brendon, H, Longo, AR, Tricoli, V, Peres, BdA, and Teixeira, EL. Muscle failure promotes greater muscle hypertrophy in low-load but not in high-load resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 346–351, 2022—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week resistance training program at low and high loads performed with and without achieving muscle failure on muscle strength and hypertrophy. Twenty-five untrained men participated in the 8-week study. Each lower limb was allocated to 1 of 4 unilateral knee extension protocols: repetitions to failure with low load (LL-RF; ∼34.4 repetitions); repetitions to failure with high load (HL-RF; ∼12.4 repetitions); repetitions not to failure with low load (LL-RNF; ∼19.6 repetitions); and repetitions not to failure with high load (HL-RNF; ∼6.7 repetitions). All conditions performed 3 sets with total training volume equated between conditions. The HL-RF and HL-RNF protocols used a load corresponding to 80% 1 repetition maximum (RM), while LL-RF and LL-RNF trained at 30% 1RM. Muscle strength (1RM) and quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA) were assessed before and after intervention. Results showed that 1RM changes were significantly higher for HL-RF (33.8%, effect size [ES]: 1.24) and HL-RNF (33.4%, ES: 1.25) in the post-test when compared with the LL-RF and LL-RNF protocols (17.7%, ES: 0.82 and 15.8%, ES: 0.89, respectively). Quadriceps CSA increased significantly for HL-RF (8.1%, ES: 0.57), HL-RNF (7.7%, ES: 0.60), and LL-RF (7.8%, ES: 0.45), whereas no significant changes were observed in the LL-RNF (2.8%, ES: 0.15). We conclude that when training with low loads, training with a high level of effort seems to have greater importance than total training volume in the accretion of muscle mass, whereas for high load training, muscle failure does not promote any additional benefits. Consistent with previous research, muscle strength gains are superior when using heavier loads.
Relationships Between Muscle Architecture, Deadlift Performance, and Maximal Isometric Force Produced at the Midthigh and Midshin Pull in Resistance-Trained Individuals
Authors: Bartolomei Sandro , Rovai Cosimo , Lanzoni Ivan Malagoli , di Michele Rocco
Published: December 2019

Bartolomei, S, Rovai, C, Lanzoni, IM, and di Michele, R. Relationships between muscle architecture, deadlift performance, and maximal isometric force produced at the midthigh and midshin pull in resistance-trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 299–303, 2022—The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between muscle architecture, lower-body power, and maximal isometric force produced at midthigh pull (MTP), and at midshin pull (MSP). Twenty experienced resistance-trained men (age = 25.5 ± 3.2 years; body mass = 86.9 ± 12.4 kg; body height = 178.0 ± 5.3 cm) were tested for deadlift 1 repetition maximum (1RM), countermovement jump (CMJ), peak force (PF), and rate of force development (pRFD20) produced at isometric MTP and isometric MSP. Subjects were also assessed for architecture of vastus lateralis (VL). Physiological muscle thickness, pennation angle, and fascicle length (FL) were measured. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the relationships between variables. In addition, differences between MTP and MSP were assessed using paired-sample t-tests. A significant (p < 0.05) difference was detected on the correlation between deadlift 1RM and MSP (r = 0.78; p < 0.001) compared with MTP (r = 0.55; p = 0.012). Moderate correlations were observed between MSP PF and VLFL (r = 0.55; p = 0.011). Midshin pull pRFD20 was the only parameter significantly correlated with CMJ (r = 0.50; p = 0.048). Significantly higher PF and pRFD20 were recorded in MTP compared with MSP (p = 0.007 and p = 0.003, respectively). The present results show that force produced from the floor position may be more important than force produced from a position that mimics the second pull of the clean for deadlift and vertical jump performances. Coaches and scientific investigators should consider using MSP to assess isometric PF using a test correlated with both muscle architecture and dynamic performances.
Changes in Muscle Strength, Jump, and Sprint Performance in Young Elite Basketball Players: The Impact of Combined High-Speed Resistance Training and Plyometrics
Authors: Yáñez-García Juan Manuel , Rodríguez-Rosell David , Mora-Custodio Ricardo , González-Badillo Juan José
Published: December 2019

Yáñez-García, JM, Rodríguez-Rosell, D, Mora-Custodio, R, and González-Badillo, JJ. Changes in muscle strength, jump, and sprint performance in young elite basketball players: the impact of combined high-speed resistance training and plyometrics. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 478–485, 2022—This study aimed to compare the effect of a combined resistance training (RT) and plyometrics on strength, sprint, and jump performance in basketball players of different ages. Thirty three elite basketball players from the same academy were categorized into 3 groups by chronological age: under-13 (U13, n = 11); under-15 (U15, n = 11); and under-17 (U17, n = 11). Players participated in a 6-week strength training program that included 2 sessions each week and consisted of full squats with low loads (45–60% 1 repetition maximum) and low volume (2–3 sets and 4–8 repetitions), jumps, and sprint exercises. All repetitions were performed at maximal intended velocity. In addition to strength training sessions, subjects performed 4 on court basketball training sessions plus 2 official matches per week. After training program, all 3 experimental groups resulted in significant improvements (p < 0.05–0.001) in maximal strength (Δ: 9.2–27.3%; effect size [ES]: 0.38–0.82), countermovement jump height (Δ: 6.6–11.6%; ES: 0.37–0.95), and sprint time in 10 and 20 m (Δ: −3.9 to −0.3%; ES: 0.09–0.69) for all experimental groups. Comparison between groups showed that training program was more effective in inducing improvements in most variables assessed for U13 compared with U15 (ES: 0.11–0.42) and U17 (ES: 0.20–0.43), whereas differences between U15 and U17 were relevant in jump and strength parameters (ES: 0.20–0.35). Therefore, these findings suggest that high-speed RT combined with plyometrics produces increments in several important variables, including strength, jump, and sprint, to yield high performance during a match in young basketball players. However, training program used seems to be generally less effective as the age of the basketball players increased.
Odor-Induced Multi-Level Inhibitory Maps inDrosophila
Authors: Grabe Veit , Schubert Marco , Strube-Bloss Martin , Reinert Anja , Trautheim Silke , Lavista-Llanos Sofia , Fiala André , Hansson Bill S. , Sachse Silke
Published: December 2019

Optical imaging of intracellular Ca2+influx as a correlate of neuronal excitation represents a standard technique for visualizing spatiotemporal activity of neuronal networks. However, the information-processing properties of single neurons and neuronal circuits likewise involve inhibition of neuronal membrane potential. Here, we report spatially resolved optical imaging of odor-evoked inhibitory patterns in the olfactory circuitry ofDrosophilausing a genetically encoded fluorescent Cl-sensor. In combination with the excitatory component reflected by intracellular Ca2+dynamics, we present a comprehensive functional map of both odor-evoked neuronal activation and inhibition at different levels of olfactory processing. We demonstrate that odor-evoked inhibition carried by Cl-influx is present both in sensory neurons and second-order projection neurons (PNs), and is characterized by stereotypic, odor-specific patterns. Cl--mediated inhibition features distinct dynamics in different neuronal populations. Our data support a dual role of inhibitory neurons in the olfactory system: global gain control across the neuronal circuitry and glomerulus-specific inhibition to enhance neuronal information processing.
Uniform Heating Model Analysis for the Formation Process of Aluminium Foam by Spot-Type Halogen Lamp
Authors: Nagahiro R. , Rosli N. , Hangai Y. , Yano A. , Amagai K.
Published: December 2019

Heat treatment by heating furnace has limited the capability of heat treatment processes to control the desired heating volume and products’ sizes. This study introduced a heat treatment process using light heat sourced from a spot-type halogen lamp, with the aim of clarifying the thermal phenomenon of aluminium (Al) foam. Here, the temperature and deformation of Al foam were observed experimentally. In addition, thermal analysis was conducted numerically using a uniform heating model by neglecting the energy consumption of the blowing agent and deformation and thermal conductivity of Al. The experimental results revealed that the precursor initially formed at almost the same time as the phase change. The numerical results almost corresponded with the experimental results until the melting point of Al, after which a slight disagreement was observed. Moreover, the phase transformation appeared slightly earlier as a result of neglecting the deformation of Al foam and energy consumption of the blowing agent. Although the formation of Al foam cannot be expressed perfectly using the proposed uniform heating model, a qualitative phenomenon of such formation was successfully explained. In the future, the effects of deformation and energy consumption of the blowing agent and the thermal conductivity of Al can be considered in the proposed uniform heating model.
Thermal Damage of Intake Valves in ICE with Variable Timing
Authors: Dmitriev S. A. , Khrulev A. E.
Published: December 2019

The article provides the study on causes of damage to ICE intake valves, in the course of which the intake valve heads have been overheated and deformed as a result of material creep. On the example of the failure detected in the analysed engine, it has been established that the traditionally known reasons such as the combustion process failure cannot cause the damage described. For the purpose of determining the real causes of damage to the intake valves the authors simulated the thermal state of the intake valve in the heatingcooling conditions with the impact of gas in the cylinder and the impact of air in the intake pipe as well as the contact heat exchange with the seat with regard to thermal conductivity along the stem. The calculations have shown that with the increase of rotation frequency the failure of the control system that causes the engine to run at high rotation frequencies with a small intake valve lift leads to the temperature increase higher than it is recommended for the materials used, which causes the described overheating. Based on the conducted research the authors have developed recommendations for improving the reliability of the intake valves performance in the ICEs with variable valve timing.
The Pheromone and Pheromone Receptor Mating-Type Locus Is Involved in Controlling Uniparental Mitochondrial Inheritance inCryptococcus
Authors: Sun Sheng , Fu Ci , Ianiri Giuseppe , Heitman Joseph
Published: December 2019

Mitochondria are inherited uniparentally during sexual reproduction in the majority of eukaryotic species studied, including humans, mice, and nematodes, as well as many fungal species. Mitochondrial uniparental inheritance (mito-UPI) could be beneficial in that it avoids possible genetic conflicts between organelles with different genetic backgrounds, as recently shown in mice, and it could prevent the spread of selfish genetic elements in the mitochondrial genome. Despite the prevalence of observed mito-UPI, the underlying mechanisms and the genes involved in controlling this non-Mendelian inheritance are poorly understood in many species. In Cryptococcus neoformans, a human pathogenic basidiomyceteous fungus, mating types (MATα and MATa) are defined by alternate alleles at the single MAT locus that evolved from fusion of the two MAT loci (P/R encoding pheromones and pheromone receptors, and HD encoding homeodomain transcription factors) that are the ancestral state in the basidiomycota. Mitochondria are inherited uniparentally from the MATa parent in C. neoformans, and this requires the SXI1α and SXI2a HD factors encoded by MAT. However, there is evidence that additional genes contribute to the control of mito-UPI in Cryptococcus. Here, we show that in C. amylolentus, a sibling species of C. neoformans with unlinked P/R and HD MAT loci, mito-UPI is controlled by the P/R locus and is independent of the HD locus. Consistently, by replacing the MATα alleles of the pheromones (MF) and pheromone receptor (STE3) with the MATa alleles, we show that these P/R locus-defining genes indeed affect mito-UPI in C. neoformans during sexual reproduction. Additionally, we show that during early stages of C. neoformans sexual reproduction, conjugation tubes are always produced by the MATα cells, resulting in unidirectional migration of the MATα nucleus into the MATa cell during zygote formation. This process is controlled by the P/R locus and could serve to physically restrict movement of MATα mitochondria in the zygotes, and thereby contribute to mito-UPI. We propose a model in which both physical and genetic mechanisms function in concert to prevent the coexistence of mitochondria from the two parents in the zygote, and subsequently in the meiotic progeny, thus ensuring mito-UPI in pathogenic Cryptococcus, as well as in closely related nonpathogenic species. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of the evolution of mito-UPI in fungi and other more diverse eukaryotes.
Características clínico patológicas del cáncer de mama asociadas a la expresión del marcador celular Ki-67 en el Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, 2013-2017
Authors: Mayanga Sausa Silvia Lucia
Published: December 2019

Introducción. El cáncer de mama es la tercera causa de muerte en mujeres peruanas, siendo una enfermedad genéticamente heterogénea, no existen estudios sobre el comportamiento del marcador de proliferación celular Ki-67 en esta población. Objetivo. Analizar la asociación entre las características clínico patológicas del cáncer de mama y la expresión del marcador celular Ki-67 en el Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins (HNERM), Lima-Perú. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, realizado con las muestras diagnósticas de 209 pacientes con cáncer de mama. Las características clínico patológicas evaluadas fueron: edad, tipo histológico, tamaño tumoral, grado histológico, invasión linfovascular, ganglio linfático axilar, estadío clínico según el TNMp, receptor estrógenos (RE), receptor de progesterona (RP), y los inmunofenotipos Her2+, triple positivo (TP) y triple negativo (TN). La expresión del marcador celular Ki-67 fue categorizado como bajo (Ki-67<20%) y alto (Ki-67>20%). Resultados. La expresión alta del marcador celular Ki-67 se asoció con tumores de 2 cm, grado histológico 2 y 3, mayor número de ganglios axilares afectados y los inmunofenotipos Her2+ y triple negativo. La expresión baja del Ki-67 (<20%) se asoció con los tumores estrógeno y progesterona positivo. Conclusión. El marcador celular Ki-67 con expresión alta (>20%) mostró asociación significativa con características tumorales de mal pronóstico conocidas en cáncer de mama.
Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con urolitiasis en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud)
Authors: Pereyra Velásquez Wilson , Romero Hinostroza Cristian , Farfán Daza Giomar , Pérez Peralta Percy , Corrales Acosta Elizabeth , Grández Urbina José , Montes-Alvis José , Alva-Díaz Carlos , Nieto-Gutierrez Wendy , Denilson Baptistussi Marcelo , Taype-Rondan Alvaro , Timaná-Ruiz Raúl
Published: December 2019

Introducción. El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con urolitiasis en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo. Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencias para la para el tratamiento quirúrgico de los pacientes con urolitiasis en EsSalud. Método. Se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) constituido por médicos urólogos y metodólogos, los cuales formularon las preguntas clínicas que fueron respondidas dentro de la presente GPC. Para cada una de estas preguntas se realizó búsquedas de revisiones sistemáticas y de estudios primarios (cuando se consideró pertinente) en PubMed durante el 2018. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas, posteriormente se evaluó la certeza de la evidencia usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Se programaron reuniones de trabajo periódicas en las cuales el GEG revisó la evidencia y formuló recomendaciones, puntos de buenas prácticas clínicas y flujogramas usando la metodología GRADE. La GPC fue aprobada con Resolución N° 66–IETSI-ESSALUD-2018. Resultados. Se abordó 6 preguntas clínicas sobre el tema de tratamiento quirúrgico en urolitiasis. En base a dichas preguntas se formularon 5 recomendaciones (2 recomendaciones fuertes y 3 recomendaciones condicionales), 21 puntos de buena práctica clínica, y 3 flujogramas de manejo. Conclusión. El presente artículo resume la metodología y las conclusiones basadas en evidencias de la GPC para el tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con urolitiasis en EsSalud.
Optimizaci´on de la Eﬁciencia Operativa de las Oﬁcinas de un Banco Comercial Peruano utilizando Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Clemente Moquillaza Luis
Published: December 2019

El an´alisis envolvente de datos (Data Envelopment Analysis) es un m´etodo no param´etrico práctico para calcular la eﬁciencia de las unidades de una organización. El presente trabajo emplea este método en un programa de optimizaci´on creado con los software Lingo y Microsoft Excel aplicado sobre las oﬁcinas de uno de los principales bancos del sistema ﬁnanciero peruano. Se plantea el uso de dos escenarios (ﬁnanciero/gestión y de venta) para el c´alculo de la eﬁciencia global y técnica de cada oﬁcina y se propone un sistema de ranking en base a la eﬁciencia media, an´alisis de ventana de tiempo y recurrencia como referencia en las soluciones para brindar a la gerencia una herramienta útil de gestión de la red de oﬁcinas.
Factores asociados a la violencia conyugal en el Centro Emergencia Mujer-Lima
Authors: Arce Cano Raúl , Cambillo Moyano Emma Norma
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los factores asociados con la violencia conyugal en el Centro de Emergencia Mujer (CEM) en los meses de enero hasta agosto en el a˜no 2017. Para ello se realizó una investigación no experimental, descriptiva con diseño transversal, donde la población de estudio estuvo constituida por personas que sufrieron algún tipo de violencia y fueron atendidas en el CEM sede central, Lima en el año 2017 en los meses de enero hasta agosto, la muestra fue probabilística y comprendió 186 personas. Para el analísis bivariado se aplicó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado, del mismo modo se empleó la regresión logística binaria para calcular Odds Ratio (OR) con intervalos de confianza al 95 %. Los factores que resultaron significativos con la violencia conyugal son el factor psicológico y la ocupación de las víctimas, se muestra que las con trastorno de personalidad tienen 5 veces más chance de sufrir violencia sexual que las personas que sufren autoestima inadecuada, así como las personas con trastornos de personalidad tienen 16 veces más posibilidad de sufrir violencia psicológica que las personas que tienen autoestima baja.
KESETARAAN GENDER TENTANG PENDIDIKAN LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN
Authors: Ratnawati Dewi , Sulistyorini Sulistyorini , Abidin Ahmad Zainal
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Educational discrimination often occurs in people's lives. This is influenced by the distinction that appear from the community itself. This distinction can be seen from the perspective of the community to educational rights of men and women. The main factors that influence the emergence of discrimination against the right to education include normal or traditional rules that kill the character of women, the physical form of women, the economic pace, misinterpretation of religious teachings, and cultural beliefs that grow in the lives of rural communities. This requires a maximum effort in aligning the paradigm between rural communities and communities by involving religious teachings as supporters of the realization of equal educational rights for men and women. By using exploratory-descriptive eruption studies, it results in findings that the viewpoints related to equality of education rights of men and women are divided in two. First, the viewpoint of the community which encompasses patriarchal culture, humanism, economics, and education. Second, the viewpoint of the Hadith and the Al-Qur'an. Abstrak. Diskriminasi pendidikan kerapkali terjadi di dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh distingsi yang muncul dari masyarakat itu sendiri. Distingsi itu dapat dilihat dari sudut pandang masyarakat terhadap hak pendidikan laki-laki dan perempuan. Faktor utama yang mempengaruhi munculnya diskriminasi terhadap hak pendidikan meliputi normal atau aturan tradisional yang membunuh karakter perempuan, bentuk fisik perempuan, laju ekonomi, penafsiran yang salah terhadap ajaran agama, serta keyakinan budaya yang tumbuh dalam kehidupan masyarakat pedesaan. Hal ini membutuhkan usaha maksimal dalam penyelarasan paradigma antara masyarakat pedesaan dan masyarakat perkotaan dengan melibatkan ajaran agama sebagai pendukung terhadap realisasi kesetaraan hak pendidikan laki-laki dan perempuan. Dengan menggunakan studi leterasi berupa eksploratif-deskriptif, mengahasilkan temuan bahwa sudut pandang terkait kesetaraan hak pendidikan laki-laki dan perempuan dibagi dua. Pertama, sudut pandang masyarakat yang meliputi budaya patriarki, budaya humanisme, ekonomi, dan edukasi. Kedua, sudut pandang perspektif hadits dan Al-Qur’an.
SISTEM PENDAFTARAN ONLINE PENELITIAN DAN KINERJA PANITIA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PENGGUNA
Authors: Nuraeni Neng Sri
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The Fast and accurate information is a major requirement in terms of service. Puslitpen as a research institute of the Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN Syahid) Jakarta needs to be supported by a fast and accurate and web-based system. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of the online research registration system and the committee's performance on user satisfaction. This research refers to Setia, et.al (2011); Nur Subchan, et.al (2012); Gatian, Amy W (1994). The population in this study is the registrar of research assistance proposal for the Research Center for UIN Syahid Jakarta. This study uses cluster sampling in determining the selected sample. The analytical method used is multiple regression. Based on the results of the study showed that the F test results obtained Fcount value of 82.117> Ftable of 3.15 with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05. Because the significance level is less than 0.05 then Ha is accepted, so it can be said that the online registration system and the committee's performance affect the user's satisfaction simultaneously. The contribution of this study has a significant impact on improving the registration system services at the UIN Syahid Research Center in Jakarta.Abstrak. Informasi yang cepat dan akurat merupakan kebutuhan utama dalam hal pelayanan. Puslitpen sebagai lembaga penelitian Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah (UIN Syahid) Jakarta perlu didukung oleh sistem yang cepat dan akurat serta berbasis web. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh sistem pendaftaran online penelitian dan kinerja panitia terhadap kepuasan pengguna. Penelitian ini merujuk pada Setia, et.al (2011); Nur Subchan, et.al (2012); Gatian, Amy W (1994). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pendaftar proposal bantuan biaya penelitian Puslitpen UIN Syahid Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan cluster sampling dalam menentukan sampel yang dipilih. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari hasil uji F diperoleh nilai Fhitung sebesar 82,117 > Ftabel sebesar 3,15 dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Karena tingkat signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05 maka Ha diterima, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa sistem pendaftaran online dan kinerja panitia berpengaruh terhadap kepuasana pengguna secara simultan. Kontribusi penelitian ini berdampak signifikan pada perbaikan layanan sistem pendaftaran di Puslitpen UIN Syahid Jakarta.
A meta-analysis of psychological interventions for Internet/smartphone addiction among adolescents
Authors: Malinauskas Romualdas , Malinauskiene Vilija
Published: December 2019

Background and aims

Although the peculiarities of problematic Internet use and Internet addiction have been analyzed previously by researchers, there is still no general agreement in the literature as to the effectiveness of psychological interventions for Internet addiction deployed among adolescents. This study sought to investigate the effects of intervention programs for Internet/smartphone addiction among adolescents through a meta-analysis.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), EbscoHost Academic Search Complete, ProQuest, and PsycARTICLES using a combination of “Internet addiction or phone addiction” AND “intervention or treatment” OR “therapy” OR “program” AND “adolescents,” and a combination of the following search terms: “patholog_,” “problem_,” “addict_,” “compulsive,” “dependen_,” “video,” “computer,” “Internet,” “online,” “intervention,” “treat_,” and “therap_.” The studies identified during the search were reviewed according to the criteria and a meta-analysis was conducted on the six selected papers published from 2000 to 2019. Only studies with a control/comparison group that performed preintervention and postintervention assessments were included.

Results

Included studies showed a trend toward a beneficial effect of intervention on the severity of Internet addictions. The meta-analysis suggested significant effects of all included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and their educational programs.

Conclusions

Psychological interventions may help to reduce addiction severity, but further RCTs are needed to identify the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy. This study provides a basis for developing future programs addressing addiction problems among adolescents.
The relationship between daily physical activity, subjective sleep quality, and mood in sedentary Hungarian adults: A longitudinal within-subjects study
Authors: Takács J , Török L
Published: December 2019

Purpose

This study investigated the day-to-day variability of daily physical activity and its effect on sleep and mood in a longitudinal within-subjects study for 7 days and 6 nights.

Materials and methods

Healthy office employees aged 25–35 years with a sedentary lifestyle participated in the study. Seven-day sleep diaries were used to evaluate sleep patterns. Ten-point scales were used to measure the level of happiness and stress. Daily physical activity was measured in steps/day using pedometers. Two hundred forty-five steps/day scores and changes induced in sleep and mood were analysed.

Results

There is a relationship between daily physical activity and sleep/mood. An inverted U-shaped relationship may be assumed between sleep duration, sleep quality, feelings after waking up, and the number of steps/day. Increasing the number of steps/day decreases the level of stress and daytime sleepiness and increases sleep efficiency. Sleep efficiency/daytime sleepiness and sleep duration did not show any association.

Conclusions

Based on the results, after a physically exhausting day, decreased stress and improved sleep efficiency may be experienced, while sleep duration may decrease, which may reduce the participants’ motivation to develop an active lifestyle. For further studies, it would be crucial to use individual exercise intervention programmes to reinforce the positive effects of exercise on sleep and/or mood.
New records and range expansion for Paspalum procurrens and P. volcanense in northwestern Argentina and southeastern Bolivia
Authors: Glücksberg Adriana , Javier Martínez Eric , Honfi Ana Isabel , Maldonado Carla , Hojsgaard Diego Hernán
Published: December 2019

Paspalum procurrens Quarin and P. volcanense Zuloaga, Morrone & Denham are two rare species of South American grasses inhabiting geographically restricted areas which are exposed to ecological degradation due to landscape transformation and biodiversity losses. We present new records for these species, from the provinces of Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán and Catamarca (Argentina) and departments of Tarija, Chuquisaca, and Santa Cruz (Bolivia). New geographic distribution maps and the biological relevance of these findings are discussed pinpointing the need for imperative and assiduous botanical explorations in biodiversity hotspots sensible to the impact of human activities. Ploidy levels in these two species are studied.
Peran Self Efficacy dan Iklim Organisasi dalam membentuk Employee Engagement melalui Komitmen Organisasi
Authors: Priambodo Endy Pungkas , Darokah Marcham , Diah Sari RR. Erita Yuliasesti
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of self-efficacy and organizational climate on employee engagement with organizational commitment as a mediator. The subjects who participated in this study were 110 employees of a travel agent company. Data was collected using scales namely Self-Efficacy, Organizational Climate, Organizational Commitment, and Employee Engagement scales and analyzed using SEM analysis techniques. The results  showed a significant effect of self-efficacy and organizational climate on employee engagement with organizational commitment as a mediator variable with a correlation coefficient r = 0.575 and r = 0,478 (significance level (p) = 0.001). These results indicate that organizational commitment can mediate self-efficacy towards Employee engagement by providing an effective contribution of 33.1% and mediating organizational climate of employee engagement with an effective contribution of 22.8.