bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic analysis of coastal Kenya female Aedes aegypti mosquito RNA metaviromes reveal presence of diverse insect specific viruses
Authors: Omuoyo Donwilliams O. , Nyamwaya Doris K. , Kamau Everlyn , Nyagwange James N. , Karanja Henry K. , Gitonga John N. , de Laurent Zaydah , Ngala Jonathan C. , Kinyua Johnson , Rono Martin K. , Mwangangi Joseph M. , Agoti Charles N. , Warimwe George M.
Published: August 2023

Background: Coastal Kenya has experienced repeated outbreaks of Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Dengue (DENV) viruses mediated by competent Aedes aegypti mosquito populations. These mosquitoes harbor insect specific viruses (ISVs), some of which can prevent arboviral transmission. However, there has been no systematic molecular entomological surveillance in coastal Kenya and the diversity of viruses in local Aedes aegypti populations remains largely unknown.

Methods: To obtain a snapshot of the Aedes aegypti viromes from coastal Kenya, we took advantage of a cross-sectional survey of mosquitoes to determine the prevalence of Zika virus. We collected adult mosquitoes using lured Biogent’s sentinel traps at 16 different localities along the Kenyan coast between May to September 2017. Pools of 20 female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were generated following grouping by morphological characteristics. Presence of arboviruses in the mosquito pools was determined using virus-specific and genera-specific primers with real-time PCR. Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) on Illumina Miseq and analysis was used to characterize the virome.

Results: A total of 16,520 female Aedes aegypti grouped into 826 pools were analysed. Flaviviruses were detected in 69/826 (8.4%) pools by real time PCR. Sequencing generated 8,459/971,754 (0.87%) clean reads that were taxonomically assigned to 16 and 28 viral families and species, respectively. The family Phenuiviridae represented by Phasi Charoen-like phasivirus (PCLV) species was the most abundant, detected in 64/73 (87%) mosquito pools. No pathogenic viruses were identified by mNGS. Phylogenetic analysis revealed local PCLV and Cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) were distinct from global sequences.

Conclusions: Our data provides information about virus diversity and composition of the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from coastal Kenya and contributes to the body of knowledge of the Aedes aegypti virome. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide this information from this region.
Some Novations in Accounting the Main Means by the Rules FSBU 6/2020 «Main Means»
Authors: Polenova S.
Published: August 2023

In article is executed attempt to consider the new rules of the confession, estimations and accounting object main means conduct their analysis and motivate the recommendations upon their using.
Xenotransplantation - current social, ethical, religious, and legal aspects
Authors: Kucharczyk Emilia , Busłowicz Tomasz , Puła Michał , Kucharczyk Natalia , Zakrocka Martyna
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Xenotransplantology, the field of transplantation involving organs or tissues between different species, holds great promise for addressing the global organ shortage crisis. However, the development of new technologies without proper legislative preparation raises significant moral and ethical considerations. This paper provides an overview of the current state of xenotransplantology, highlighting its revolutionary potential alongside the moral dilemmas it entails.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to assess current social, ethical, religious, and legal trends regarding the issue of xenotransplantation.
Materials and methods: To obtain up-to-date information concerning trends in xenotransplantation, a review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, along with the latest legislative reports in both Europe and Poland, was performed.
Conclusions: Firstly, the authors briefly report on the current situation concerning transplantology and the widely spread organ donor crisis. Next, the issue of species boundaries and the moral status of non-human animals is addressed. The assessment of ethical implications of utilizing animals as organ donors is examined, along with the legal acts regulating this issue. Moreover, the authors attempt to evaluate the cultural and religious differences related to this concern. Furthermore, this study discusses the allocation and distribution of xenotransplants, considering issues of justice, fairness, and access to this innovative medical technology. Lastly, the paper delves into the risks and uncertainties associated with xenotransplantation, including the possibility of cross-species disease transmission and intensified course of organ rejection disease.
Stochastic Games with General Payoff Functions
Authors: Flesch János , Solan Eilon
Published: August 2023

We consider multiplayer stochastic games with finitely many players and actions, and countably many states, in which the payoff of each player is a bounded and Borel-measurable function of the infinite play. By using a generalization of the technique of Martin [Martin DA (1998) The determinacy of Blackwell games. J. Symb. Log. 63(4):1565–1581] and Maitra and Sudderth [Maitra A, Sudderth W (1998) Finitely additive stochastic games with Borel measurable payoffs. Internat. J. Game Theory 27:257–267], we show four different existence results. In each stochastic game, it holds for every [Formula: see text] that (i) each player has a strategy that guarantees in each subgame that this player’s payoff is at least his or her maxmin value up to [Formula: see text], (ii) there exists a strategy profile under which in each subgame each player’s payoff is at least his or her minmax value up to [Formula: see text], (iii) the game admits an extensive-form correlated [Formula: see text]-equilibrium, and (iv) there exists a subgame that admits an [Formula: see text]-equilibrium.

Funding: This work was supported by the Israel Science Foundation (Nos. 217/17 and 211/22).
Recordações da mise-en-scène em O Serviço de Entregas da Kiki, de Hayao Miyazaki
Authors: Ribeiro Pinto Francisca Lailsa , Sousa Lima Maria Jéssica , Batista de Miranda Enoo Vinícius
Published: August 2023

Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre a mise-en-scène desenvolvida por meio das possibilidades que esta oferece ao cineasta, como o cenário, figurino, iluminação e encenação, no filme O Serviço de Entregas da Kiki, de Hayao Miyazaki (1989). Tendo sido consolidada na direção teatral, no sentido de “pôr em cena”, o termo se estendeu para direção cinematográfica no que confere ao controle do diretor sobre o que aparece na animação fílmica, conforme David Bordwell e Kristin Thompson (2013). A mise-en-scène envolverá ainda a estética do “entre” na ideia de MA, representativa da cultura japonesa, materializado no novo lar da protagonista, um dos “conceitos” artísticos japoneses, segundo Michiko Okano (2014). Pretende-se averiguar cenas do filme que apresentem os aspectos do cinema que adentram dinamicamente à ação.
Reflection-based vision guide method for coarse alignment of vector measurement during the satellite assembly, integration, and test process
Authors: Yang Mao , Pan Hengle , Yang Huaqiang , Yin Liang , Yu Chengyi , Cao Xianfeng
Published: August 2023

Vector measurement is a vital measurement item during the satellite assembly, integration, and test (AIT) process. With the increasing popularity of commercial spaceflight, the development cycle of a satellite is shorter, and the number of satellites has been growing rapidly. The traditional on-site vector measurement method is inefficient and significantly affects the development cycle of the satellite. Therefore, it is of utter importance to propose an online high-precision automatic vector measurement system. The most challenging step of the online automatic vector measurement is coarse alignment because a cubic prism must be identified, and the normal direction of its surface must be calculated at a certain precision in the unstructured environment during the coarse alignment step. A reflection-based vision guide method was proposed to identify and calculate the normal direction of the cubic prism. The working principle and advantage of the proposed vision guide system were described in detail. What is more, the calibration and calculation methods of the proposed vision guide system were also presented. Finally, experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Real-time reconfigurable on-chip photonic frequency decoder
Authors: Singh Karanveer , Das Ranjan , Venugopalan Abhinand , De Souvaraj , Hosni Mohamed I. , Zhou Linjie , Schneider Thomas
Published: August 2023

A group-delay-unit-based integrated silicon photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is employed as a reconfigurable analog radio frequency decoder, which provides a real-time temporal and spectral analysis of any arbitrary multi-tone signal in the micro- and mm-wave range. The circuit is based on cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometer embedded silicon microring resonators as variable delay units. The temporal decoding of the multi-tone input signal is demonstrated by tuning the signal with respect to the ring resonator delay and resonance. A one-to-one conformal time-to-frequency mapping provides real-time spectral decoding of the signal under test without additional digital signal processing. The idea is validated by several experimental results with single-tone and two-tone input signals in a compact, low-power, silicon PIC. The proposed real-time temporal analog frequency decoder may be very intriguing for high-speed, low-latency wireless applications, such as autonomous driving and 6G.
Quantum illumination using polarization-path entangled single photons for low reflectivity object detection in a noisy background
Authors: Shafi K. Muhammed , Padhye A. , Chandrashekar C. M.
Published: August 2023

Detecting object with low reflectivity embedded within a noisy background is a challenging task. Quantum correlations between pairs of quantum states of light, though are highly sensitive to background noise and losses, offer advantages over traditional illumination methods. Instead of using correlated photon pairs which are sensitive, we experimentally demonstrate the advantage of using heralded single-photons entangled in polarization and path degree of freedom for quantum illumination. In the study, the object of different reflectivity is placed along the path of the signal in a variable thermal background before taking the joint measurements and calculating the quantum correlations. We show the significant advantage of using non-interferometric measurements along the multiple paths for single photon to isolate the signal from the background noise and outperform in detecting and ranging the low reflectivity objects even when the signal-to-noise ratio is as low as 0.03. Decrease in visibility of polarization along the signal path also results in similar observations. This will have direct relevance to the development of single-photon based quantum LiDAR and quantum imaging.
Graphene nanospacer layer modulated multilayer composite structures of precious metals and their SERS performance
Authors: Mei Linyu , Wang Zezhou , Niu Yue , Deng Wenlong , Shao Yunpeng
Published: August 2023

Graphene(G)-noble metal-ZnO hybrid systems were developed as highly sensitive and recyclable surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platforms, in which ultrathin graphene of varying thickness was embedded between two metallic layers on top of a ZnO layer. Due to the multi-dimensional plasmonic coupling effect, the Au/G/Ag@ZnO multilayer structure possessed ultrahigh sensitivity with the detection limit of Rhodamine 6 G (R6G) as low as 1.0×10−13 mol/L and a high enhancement factor of 5.68×107. Both experimental and simulation results showed that graphene films could significantly regulate the interlayer plasmon resonance coupling strength, and single-layer graphene had the best interlayer regulation effect. Additionally, the SERS substrate structure prepared through physical methods exhibited high uniformity, the graphene component of the substrate possessed excellent molecular enrichment ability and silver oxidation inhibition characteristics, resulting in a substrate with high stability and exceptional reproducibility. The signal change was less than 15%. Simultaneously, due to the excellent photocatalytic performance of the low-cost and wide-band-gap semiconductor material ZnO, the SERS substrate exhibited exceptional reusability. Even after five cycles of adsorption-desorption, the SERS performance remained stable and maintained a reliable detection limit. The study introduced a novel approach to creating multilayer composite SERS substrates that exhibited exceptional performance, offering a new analytical tool with high sensitivity, stability, and reusability.
Dielectric diatomic metasurface-assisted versatile bifunctional polarization conversions and incidence-polarization-secured meta-image
Authors: Wang Yang , Yue Wenjing , Gao Song
Published: August 2023

Dielectric metasurface empowering efficient light polarization control at the nanoscale, has recently garnered tremendous research interests in the field of high-resolution image encryption and display, particularly at low-loss wavelengths in the visible band. Nevertheless, due to the single fixed polarization conversion function, the image (either positive or negative image) can always be decrypted in a host-uncontrollable manner as long as the user applies an analyzer to select the polarization component of the output light. Here, we resort to half-waveplate- and quarter-waveplate-like silicon nanopillars to form a metamolecule of a dielectric diatomic metasurface, which can yield versatile linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized (CP) light upon orthogonally linear-polarized incidences, providing new degrees of freedom for image display and encryption. We show both theoretically and numerically that versatile different paired LP and CP combinations could be achieved by simply adjusting the orientation angles of the two nanopillars. The bifunctional polarization conversion functions make possible that a meta-image can only be seen when incident light is linearly polarized at a specific polarization angle, whereas no image can be discerned for the orthogonal polarization incidence case, indicating the realization of incidence-polarization secured meta-image. This salient feature holds for all individual metamolecules, reaching a remarkable image resolution of 52,916 dots per inch. By fully exploiting all polarization conversions of four designed metamolecules, three-level incidence polarization-secured meta-image can also be expected.
Blind skew compensation and digital combining with widely linear equalizer for multi-aperture coherent FSO communication
Authors: Ju Cheng , Liu Na , Guan Luyang , Wang Dongdong , Wang Danshi
Published: August 2023

Coherent digital combining technology using multiple small apertures has a lot of advantages over doing so with a single large aperture, including the effective mitigation of deep fading under strong turbulence, ease of scalability, and potential higher collected optical power. However, the in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) imbalance and I/Q skew induced by manufacturing imperfections of the coherent receiver front end, and the time mismatch caused by the unequal length of multi-aperture branches will induce a high OSNR penalty and reduce the digital combining efficiency, especially when the system scales to a larger number of apertures, such as massive aperture system. In this work, a complex-valued multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) 4N×2 widely linear (WL) equalizer is designed to combine multi-aperture signals. Using WL complex analysis, a general analytical model is derived and it is indicated that multi-aperture channel equalization and combining operations can be achieved simultaneously using a MIMO equalizer as long as appropriate tap coefficients are selected. Moreover, the feasibility of the proposed WL equalizer is verified by a 10-Gbps PM-QPSK modulation and a 20-Gbps PM-16QAM modulation four-aperture offline simulated turbulence experiment. The four-aperture combining efficiency of PM-QPSK exceeds 96% even at a single-aperture extremely low OSNR of −6 dB, and 80% for PM-16QAM at a single-aperture OSNR of 0 dB.
Observation of the bound states in the continuum supported by mode coupling in a terahertz metasurface
Authors: Cui Zijian , Wang Yue , Sun Guangcheng , Chen Wenshuo , Zhang Kuang , Wang Xinmei
Published: August 2023

Metasurface supporting bound states in the continuum (BIC) provides a unique approach for the realization of intense near-field enhancement and high quality factor (Q-factor) resonance, which promote the advancement of various applications. Here we experimentally demonstrate a Friedrich–Wintgen BIC based on the mode coupling in the terahertz metasurface, which produces BIC by the coupling of the LC mode and dipole mode resonances. The transition from ideal BIC to quasi-BIC is caused by the mismatch of the coupling, and the mode decay rate during this process is analyzed by temporal coupled mode theory. The Q-factor and the electric field enhancement of the quasi-BIC resonance are significantly increased, which provides enormous potential in sensing, nonlinear optics, and topological optics.
Watt-level and near diffraction-limited Pr3+-doped single-crystal fiber lasers
Authors: Xiong Mengyuan , Zhao Yuquan , Wang Dong , Chen Zhong , Xu Bin , Nizamutdinov Alexey , Semashko Vadim , Korableva Stella
Published: August 2023

Using a CZ-grown a-cut Pr:YLF crystal as laser gain medium after processing it into crystal fiber, we have demonstrated real Pr3+-doped single-crystal fiber lasers for the first time to the best of our knowledge. This Pr3+ crystal fiber has absorbed up to 20.4 W of pump power, which is the highest absorbed power among Pr3+ lasers. For two representative laser emissions at about 639 nm and 607 nm, we have achieved maximum output powers of 5.45 W and 3.04 W, respectively. Output powers of the two lasers show very good linearities, which indicate that the present output powers are only limited by the available pump power. Both laser emissions have exhibited near diffraction-limited beam qualities. This proposal has provided a good and feasible route for the development of compact, high-power, and high-brightness all-solid-state Pr3+ visible lasers via crystal fiber.
L-band mode-locked fiber laser using all polarization-maintaining nonlinear polarization rotation
Authors: Ye Guanyu , Chow Kin Kee , Liu Bowen , Dai Maolin , Ma Yifan , Shirahata Takuma , Yamashita Shinji , Set Sze Yun
Published: August 2023

For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, in the soliton regime, we demonstrate an L-band fiber laser mode-locked by all polarization-maintaining (all-PM) nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR). A numerical study suggests that lengthening the NPR section boosts modulation depth and lowers saturation power of the artificial saturable absorber (SA). With the longest NPR section to date (21 m), the laser emits 1.25-ps soliton pulses at 1584.2 nm and a 3.9-MHz repetition rate. Our laser provides a promising L-band seed source, exhibiting improved repeatability and stability compared with non-PM L-band pulse fiber lasers.
Genomic diversity landscapes in outcrossing and selfing Caenorhabditis nematodes
Authors: Teterina Anastasia A. , Willis John H. , Lukac Matt , Jovelin Richard , Cutter Asher D. , Phillips Patrick C.
Published: August 2023

Caenorhabditis nematodes form an excellent model for studying how the mode of reproduction affects genetic diversity, as some species reproduce via outcrossing whereas others can self-fertilize. Currently, chromosome-level patterns of diversity and recombination are only available for self-reproducing Caenorhabditis, making the generality of genomic patterns across the genus unclear given the profound potential influence of reproductive mode. Here we present a whole-genome diversity landscape, coupled with a new genetic map, for the outcrossing nematode C. remanei. We demonstrate that the genomic distribution of recombination in C. remanei, like the model nematode C. elegans, shows high recombination rates on chromosome arms and low rates toward the central regions. Patterns of genetic variation across the genome are also similar between these species, but differ dramatically in scale, being tenfold greater for C. remanei. Historical reconstructions of variation in effective population size over the past million generations echo this difference in polymorphism. Evolutionary simulations demonstrate how selection, recombination, mutation, and selfing shape variation along the genome, and that multiple drivers can produce patterns similar to those observed in natural populations. The results illustrate how genome organization and selection play a crucial role in shaping the genomic pattern of diversity whereas demographic processes scale the level of diversity across the genome as a whole.
Indigenous cattle of Sri Lanka: Genetic and phylogeographic relationship with Zebu of Indus Valley and South Indian origin
Authors: L. G. S. Lokugalappatti , Wickramasinghe Saumya , P. A. B. D. Alexander , Abbas Kamran , Hussain Tanveer , Ramasamy Saravanan , Manomohan Vandana , Tapsoba Arnaud Stephane R. , Pichler Rudolf , Babar Masroor E. , Periasamy Kathiravan
Published: August 2023

The present study reports the population structure, genetic admixture and phylogeography of cattle breeds of Sri Lanka viz. Batu Harak, Thawalam and White cattle. Moderately high level of genetic diversity was observed in all the three Sri Lankan zebu cattle breeds. Estimates of inbreeding for Thawalam and White cattle breeds were relatively high with 6.1% and 7.2% respectively. Genetic differentiation of Sri Lankan Zebu (Batu Harak and White cattle) was lowest with Red Sindhi among Indus Valley Zebu while it was lowest with Hallikar among the South Indian cattle. Global F statistics showed 6.5% differences among all the investigated Zebu cattle breeds and 1.9% differences among Sri Lankan Zebu breeds. The Sri Lankan Zebu cattle breeds showed strong genetic relationships with Hallikar cattle, an ancient breed considered to be ancestor for most of the Mysore type draught cattle breeds of South India. Genetic admixture analysis revealed high levels of breed purity in Lanka White cattle with >97% Zebu ancestry. However, significant taurine admixture was observed in Batu Harak and Thawalam cattle. Two major Zebu haplogroups, I1 and I2 were observed in Sri Lankan Zebu with the former predominating the later in all the three breeds. A total of 112 haplotypes were observed in the studied breeds, of which 50 haplotypes were found in Sri Lankan Zebu cattle. Mismatch analysis revealed unimodal distribution in all the three breeds indicating population expansion. The sum of squared deviations (SSD) and raggedness index were non-significant in both the lineages of all the three breeds except for I1 lineage of Thawalam cattle (P<0.01) and I2 lineage of Batu Harak cattle (P<0.05). The results of neutrality tests revealed negative Tajima’s D values for both the lineages of Batu Harak (P>0.05) and White cattle (P>0.05) indicating an excess of low frequency polymorphisms and demographic expansion. Genetic dilution of native Zebu cattle germplasm observed in the study is a cause for concern. Hence, it is imperative that national breeding organizations consider establishing conservation units for the three native cattle breeds to maintain breed purity and initiate genetic improvement programs.
Ingroup love, outgroup hate, and the gateway group effect: Comparing the direct and indirect impact of dual versus single identification
Authors: Levy Aharon , Galinsky Adam , Nguyen Christine Q. , Saguy Tamar , Ikizer Elif G. , Dovidio John F.
Published: August 2023

Decades of research in social identity have shown that people instinctively hold positive attitudes towards ingroup members and negative attitudes towards outgroup members. However, it remains unclear how people respond to individuals explicitly identified with both one’s ingroup and outgroup. We propose that when people are exposed to dual-identified individuals and groups (e.g., Muslim-Americans explicitly identifying with both their Muslim and American identities), intergroup attitudes will improve, driven more by the ingroup component (American), despite the presence of the outgroup component (Muslim). Moreover, we suggest exposure to dual-identification can also improve attitudes toward the broader outgroup (Muslims more generally), a phenomenon called the gateway-group effect. To test these hypotheses, we created a new measure of dual-identification and conducted three studies involving both Muslim-Americans and Mexican-Americans. Results confirmed that exposure to explicitly dual-identified groups improved attitudes towards the dual-identified group (e.g., Mexican-Americans) as well as toward the respective outgroup (e.g., Mexicans).
Ketogenic diet ameliorates attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in rats via regulating gut microbiota
Authors: Liu Yu , Yang Changhong , Meng Yingxue , Dang Yonghui , Yang Lin
Published: August 2023

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common mental behavioral disorder in children. Alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with neurological disorders. We aimed to investigate whether a ketogenic diet (KD) can be an alternative therapy for ADHD by altering the gut microbiota. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were randomly allocated to the normal diet (ND), methylphenidate (MPH), and KD groups. SHR in groups KD and MPH exhibited a significant increase in behavioral characteristics of ADHD, such as distance moved and immobility time. KD and MPH treatment led to a significant elevation in concentrations of 5-HT, AC, cAMP, and NE of brain tissue and the expression of DRD1, DAT, PKA, DARPP32, and cAMP at the protein level in WKY rats and SHR. KD and MPH significantly increased the richness and diversity of gut microbiota in SHR. The abundance of Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, and Blautia significantly increased, whereas that of Lactobacillus, Romboutsia, Facklamia, and Turicibacter significantly declined in the KD group compared with the ND group. The gut microbiota in the KD group of SHR mainly participated in amino acid metabolism- and sugar metabolism-related pathways. KD might alleviate behavioral disorders in ADHD by regulating gut microbiota. This study provides novel insights for the use of KD in treating ADHD.
Clovis point allometry, modularity, and integration: Exploring shape variation due to tool use with landmark-based geometric morphometrics
Authors: Thulman David K. , Shott Michael J. , Slade Alan M. , Williams Justin P.
Published: August 2023

Landmark-based geometric morphometrics (LGM) is most often used in archaeology to characterize and differentiate groups of artifacts, but it can be used for much more. We demonstrate LGM’s power to uncover new insights by exploring stone-tool allometry, modularity, and integration using a sample of 100 western North American Clovis points. Here, allometry concerns how stone tools change in shape as their size changes through their use-lives, and modularity and integration concern how the constituent parts of a tool work together. We show that Clovis points are surprisingly complex tools. When their blades and hafts are defined technologically, rather than arbitrarily, they unambiguously exhibit allometry, and their hafts and blades are modular and highly integrated. We use these analyses to further explore questions about Clovis points, including the differences between cache and non-cache points. Finally, we use heuristic haft-size categories to examine functional constraints on the shape and size of hafts and blades. This work illustrates the importance of using accurate measurements of point components rather than estimates or proxies, which can lead to unfounded inferences. These analytical approaches and accompanying R code are easily transferable to other research questions of stone-tool use.
Early postnatal care contact within 24 hours by skilled providers and its determinants among home deliveries in Myanmar: Further analysis of the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2015–16
Authors: Show Kyaw Lwin , Aung Pyae Linn , Maung Thae Maung , Myat Su Mon , Tin Khaing Nwe
Published: August 2023

Background

Access and use of early postnatal care (PNC) by skilled providers are crucial for reducing maternal and newborn deaths. However, use of PNC among the deliveries by skilled providers in some developing countries remains unsatisfactory. Furthermore, literature concerning PNC among home deliveries remains limited, particularly in resource-limited countries such as Myanmar. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of having early PNC contact by skilled providers and its determinants among home deliveries in Myanmar.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2015–16. We included information on all home deliveries in the interviewed mothers aged 15–49 years in the 2 years preceding the survey. Early PNC attendance and its determinants were assessed (using modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimates). All analyses were performed using STATA, Version 15. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Of a total of 2,129 home deliveries, 36.1% (95%CI: 32.4%, 39.9%) did not receive PNC from any providers. Among all home deliveries included in this study, 468 (22.0%, 95%CI: 19.1%, 25.1%) received early postnatal checkup within 24 hours by skilled providers (doctors/nurses/midwives/Lady Health Visitors). Factors associated with early PNC contact among home deliveries by skilled providers included possessing higher education (adjusted Prevalence Ratio (aPR: 1.40, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.94), resident from coastal regions (aPR:1.37, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.80), currently married (aPR: 1.87, 95%CI: 1.01, 3.49), attaining antenatal care (ANC) at least four times (aPR:1.47, 95%CI: 1.22, 1.77), giving birth by a skilled birth attendant (aPR:8.80, 95%CI: 6.67, 11.61), and having access to mass media at least once weekly (aPR:1.23, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.46).

Conclusion

A high percentage of home deliveries (78%) were not receiving early PNC by skilled providers. To facilitate early and safe PNC, expanding the coverage of skilled birth attendants and promoting the utilization of ANC should be strengthened. Targeted health education should be delivered through mass media especially for those with low education levels residing in delta, lowland, hills and plains.
Thermomechanical stress analyses of nanowarming-assisted recovery from cryopreservation by vitrification in human heart and rat heart models
Authors: Joshi Purva , Rabin Yoed
Published: August 2023

This study investigates thermomechanical stress in cryopreservation by vitrification of the heart, while exploring the effects of nanowarming-assisted recovery from cryogenic storage. This study expands upon a recently published study, combining experimental investigation and thermal analysis of cryopreservation on a rat heart model. Specifically, this study focuses on scenarios with variable concentrations of silica-coated iron-oxide nanoparticles (sIONPs), while accounting for loading limitations associated with the heart physiology, as well as the properties of cryoprotective agent (CPA) solution and the geometry of the container. Results of this study suggest that variable sIONP concentration based on the heart physiology will elevate mechanical stresses when compared with the mathematically simplified, uniform distribution case. The most dangerous part of rewarming is below glass transition and at the onset of nanowarming past the glass transition temperature on the way for organ recovery from cryogenic storage. Throughout rewarming, regions that rewarm faster, such as the chambers of the heart (higher sIONP concentration), undergo compressive stresses, while the slower rewarming regions, such as the heart myocardium (low sIONP concentration), undergo tension. Being a brittle material, the vitrified organ is expected to fail under tension in lower stresses than in compression. Unfortunately, the location and magnitude of the maximum stress in the investigated cases varied, while general rules were not identified. This investigation demonstrates the need to tailor the thermal protocol of heart cryopreservation on a case-by-case basis, since the location, orientation, magnitude, and instant at which the maximum mechanical stress is found cannot be predicted a priori. While thermomechanical stress poses a significant risk to organ integrity, careful design of the thermal protocol can be instrumental in reducing the likelihood of structural damage, while taking full advantage of the benefits of nanowarming.
True mineral digestibility in C57Bl/6J mice
Authors: Böswald Linda F. , Wenderlein Jasmin , Siegert Wolfgang , Straubinger Reinhard K. , Kienzle Ellen
Published: August 2023

Data on mineral digestibility is key to understand mineral homeostasis and refine the recommendations for the dietary intake of these nutrients. In farm animals and pets, there is plenty of data on mineral digestibility and influencing factors. In laboratory mice, however, there is a lack of information on mineral digestibility under maintenance conditions, although this should be the basis for studies on mineral homeostasis under experimental conditions. The aim of the present study was to analyse data on intake, faecal excretion, and apparent digestibility of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium in C57BL/6J mice fed different maintenance diets with varying voluntary dry matter intake. Lucas-tests were used to quantify true digestibility and describe correlations between dietary intake and excretion/absorption of the nutrients. Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium showed a linear correlation between intake and faecal excretion (R2: 0.77, 0.93 and 0.91, respectively). Intake and apparently digested amounts of sodium and potassium were correlated linearly (R2: 0.86 and 0.98, respectively). These data show that intake is the major determinant of absorption in the minerals listed above. Faecal calcium and phosphorus excretion were correlated as well (R2 = 0.75).
NlpC/P60 peptidoglycan hydrolases of Trichomonas vaginalis have complementary activities that empower the protozoan to control host-protective lactobacilli
Authors: Barnett Michael J. , Pinheiro Jully , Keown Jeremy R. , Biboy Jacob , Gray Joe , Lucinescu Ioana-Wilhelmina , Vollmer Waldemar , Hirt Robert P. , Simoes-Barbosa Augusto , Goldstone David C.
Published: August 2023

Trichomonas vaginalis is a human protozoan parasite that causes trichomoniasis, a prevalent sexually transmitted infection. Trichomoniasis is accompanied by a shift to a dysbiotic vaginal microbiome that is depleted of lactobacilli. Studies on co-cultures have shown that vaginal bacteria in eubiosis (e.g. Lactobacillus gasseri) have antagonistic effects on T. vaginalis pathogenesis, suggesting that the parasite might benefit from shaping the microbiome to dysbiosis (e.g. Gardnerella vaginalis among other anaerobes). We have recently shown that T. vaginalis has acquired NlpC/P60 genes from bacteria, expanding them to a repertoire of nine TvNlpC genes in two distinct clans, and that TvNlpCs of clan A are active against bacterial peptidoglycan. Here, we expand this characterization to TvNlpCs of clan B. In this study, we show that the clan organisation of NlpC/P60 genes is a feature of other species of Trichomonas, and that Histomonas meleagridis has sequences related to one clan. We characterized the 3D structure of TvNlpC_B3 alone and with the inhibitor E64 bound, probing the active site of these enzymes for the first time. Lastly, we demonstrated that TvNlpC_B3 and TvNlpC_B5 have complementary activities with the previously described TvNlpCs of clan A and that exogenous expression of these enzymes empower this mucosal parasite to take over populations of vaginal lactobacilli in mixed cultures. TvNlpC_B3 helps control populations of L. gasseri, but not of G. vaginalis, which action is partially inhibited by E64. This study is one of the first to show how enzymes produced by a mucosal protozoan parasite may contribute to a shift on the status of a microbiome, helping explain the link between trichomoniasis and vaginal dysbiosis. Further understanding of this process might have significant implications for treatments in the future.
Contrasting effects of filamin A and B proteins in modulating filovirus entry
Authors: Shepley-McTaggart Ariel , Liang Jingjing , Ding Yang , Djurkovic Marija A. , Kriachun Valeriia , Shtanko Olena , Sunyer Oriol , Harty Ronald N.
Published: August 2023

Ebola (EBOV) and Marburg viruses (MARV) cause severe hemorrhagic fever associated with high mortality rates in humans. A better understanding of filovirus-host interactions that regulate the EBOV and MARV lifecycles can provide biological and mechanistic insight critical for therapeutic development. EBOV glycoprotein (eGP) and MARV glycoprotein (mGP) mediate entry into host cells primarily by actin-dependent macropinocytosis. Here, we identified actin-binding cytoskeletal crosslinking proteins filamin A (FLNa) and B (FLNb) as important regulators of both EBOV and MARV entry. We found that entry of pseudotype psVSV-RFP-eGP, infectious recombinant rVSV-eGP-mCherry, and live authentic EBOV and MARV was inhibited in filamin A knockdown (FLNaKD) cells, but was surprisingly enhanced in filamin B knockdown (FLNbKD) cells. Mechanistically, our findings suggest that differential regulation of macropinocytosis by FLNa and FLNb likely contributes to their specific effects on EBOV and MARV entry. This study is the first to identify the filamin family of proteins as regulators of EBOV and MARV entry. These findings may provide insight into the development of new countermeasures to prevent EBOV and MARV infections.
Diálogos fora da colonialidade: considerações sobre a educação escolar no Brasil
Authors: De Camargo Maria Aline Fernandes
Published: August 2023

A partir das perspectivas decoloniais este artigo objetiva analisar estratégias político-pedagógicas de descolonização de conhecimentos e currículos, compreender como as ideologias constitutivas da colonização atuam na educação escolar e, assim, apontar algumas possibilidades para a educação das relações étnico-raciais no Brasil. Em primeiro lugar, analisa-se como o capitalismo subordina a educação globalmente. Em seguida, demonstra-se os vínculos entre a difusão dos conhecimentos, a dominação colonial e os efeitos para a elaboração dos currículos escolares. Por fim, evidencia-se que para além das expressões dos projetos modernos e coloniais há outras marcas impressas em todas as manifestações ditas brasileiras e que essas devem constituir-se como bases para se construir outras pedagogias.
A DISCRIMINAÇÃO DE RAÇA E GÊNERO PRESENTE NOS CONFLITOS INTERPESSOAIS DE ADOLESCENTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Lucatto Lara Cucolicchio , Martins Raul Aragão , Cruz Luciana Aparecida Nogueira da , Pavaneli Camila Fernanda Dias
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a discriminação de raça e gênero presente nos conflitos interpessoais no julgamento dos adolescentes do Ensino Médio. Dessa forma, participaram da pesquisa 137 estudantes, 1° ao 3° do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública do interior de São Paulo. O método adotado é do tipo descritivo e quanto a natureza dos dados é quantitativa. O instrumento utilizado foi uma entrevista estruturada. Os resultados mostraram que não houve indiferença por parte dos jovens, em relação à idade e gênero, nas situações de conflitos, eles realizam julgamentos morais e apresentam capacidade para diferenciação dos domínios sociais. Constatou-se a presença de conflitos interpessoais gerados por discriminação de raça e gênero. Diante dos resultados, concluiu-se que para que os jovens se desenvolvam moralmente, torna-se urgente a escola repensar sua forma de educar.
A mediação da obra literária Quando me descobri negra com adolescentes, em contexto hegemônico: contribuições para uma educação antirracista
Authors: Vaz da Silva Francica Alessandra
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho apresenta o percurso de mediação de leitura de obra com presença negra, realizado, remotamente, com alunos do 8º ano, do Ensino Fundamental II, em escola particular na zona oeste de São Paulo. Com propósito de destacar caminhos possíveis na construção de uma educação antirracista, de maneira principal às práticas de leitura literária na escola, verificou-se que os diálogos literários críticos promovidos a partir e sobre a leitura literária, potencialmente, suscitam primeiros ou novos olhares para experiências de pessoas racializadas, oportunizando o importante movimento de desnaturalização das violências raciais cotidianas, e a necessária percepção dos privilégios adquiridos por pessoas brancas para o enfrentamento ao racismo.
Três braços de rio: formação antirracista em escolas públicas de São Miguel Paulista
Authors: Brasil Figueiredo Erika , Magalhães Perezine Joseli , Alves da Cunha Carvalho Leonardo
Published: August 2023

Este relato narra o entrelaçamento de iniciativas voltadas parao enfrentamento do racismo em instituições de educaçãobásica e tecnológica na zona leste do município de São Paulo,com foco na formação de professores e estudantes da redepública e na articulação territorial de pedagogias antirracistas.Num contexto de significativa presença da população negravitimizada por múltiplas formas de violência, as açõesdescritas são formas de intervenção envolvendo um projeto  de extensão do campus avançado do Instituto Federal de São Paulo, o coletivo Leste Negra e unidades escolares engajadas nesse campo de ação curricular. O artigo se propõe a mostrar como os sujeitos envolvidos desenvolveram atividades específicas que, em determinado momento histórico, acabaram por confluir.
Marx, Educação e Sociologia da Educação
Authors: De Souza Iael
Published: August 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo sistematizar, de modosumário, as considerações do autor/militante/pensadorKarl Marx sobre a educação a partir de sua visão (eposicionamento) histórico-social de mundo, de formaçãohumana, de sociedade e de classe, servindo como materialpara a disciplina de Sociologia da Educação.
De atelierista a cartógrafo: deslocamentos e entrelaces no papel do professor de arte na educação infantil
Authors: Grande Nataly Espadaro
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo investiga as concepções instrucionista e espontaneísta no ensino de arte, refletindo acerca da origem de práticas comuns na Educação Infantil. Aborda o ateliê como espaço potente para a experiência com a arte, a partirde conceitos da abordagem de Reggio Emilia. Tem como objetivo compreender os deslocamentos no papel do professor de arte trazidos pela figura do atelierista no entrelace com a cartografia e com a documentação pedagógica.
PERANCANGAN DAN SIMULASI SISTEM PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA (PLTS) ATAP PADA MASJID JAMI' AL-MUHAJIRIN BEKASI
Authors: Sartika Nike , Fajri Anisa Nur Rahmah , Kamelia Lia
Published: August 2023

Saat ini pemerintah sedang menggencarkan penggunaan energi terbarukan untuk mengurangi penggunaan energi fosil, salah satunya yaitu pemanfaatan energi surya sebagai pemasok listrik cadangan. Perkembangan PLTS di Indonesia kian waktu kian meningkat, hal ini dikarenakan Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara tropis yang memiliki potensi rata-rata energi surya yang cukup tinggi, yaitu sebesar 4,8 kWh/m2/hari. Penelitian ini merancang sebuah sistem PLTS on-grid pada atap Masjid Jami’ Al-Muhajirin menggunakan software PVSyst untuk mengetahui potensi, kelayakan dari segi ketenagalistrikan dan kelayakan dari aspek ekonomi. Sistem PLTS dengan kapasitas sebesar 8,2 kWp di atap Masjid Jami’ Al-Muhajirin menggunakan 4 variasi rancangan sistem PLTS. Variasi 1 menggunakan panel Polycrystalline 150 Wp. Variasi 2 menggunakan panel Polycrystalline 250 Wp. Variasi 3 menggunakan panel surya Monocrystalline 150 Wp. Variasi 4 menggunakan panel surya Monocystalline 250 Wp. Berdasarkan hasil rancangan dan simulasi menggunakan software PVSyst, yang paling layak diimplementasikan adalah sistem PLTS variasi 2 dengan produksi energi sebesar 12,31 MWh/tahun dan performance ratio sebesar 81,93%. Hasil analisis kelayakan investasi berdasarkan sudut pandang ekonomi dari keempat variasi menunjukan bahwa investasi yang paling layak untuk diimplementasikan yaitu sistem PLTS variasi 1 karena memiliki nilai NPV yang paling besar dan waktu pengembalian dana investasi awal yang paling cepat.
Validación de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Tipo D en adultos colombianos
Authors: Trejos-Herrera Ana María , Bahamón Marly J. , Alarcón-Vásquez Yolima , Vinaccia Alpi Stefano , González Gutiérrez Orlando , Quevedo Barrios Daniela , Llinás Humberto
Published: August 2023

La personalidad tipo D se refiere a la vulnerabilidad frente al estrés psicológico, la cual se expresa en dos componentes: la afectividad negativa (AN) y la inhibición social (IS), que pueden desencadenar un estado de estrés psicosocial que afecta la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Tipo D (DS-14) en población adulta colombiana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 456 adultos (41.7% hombres y 58.3% mujeres) colombianos entre los 18 y 86 años. El coeficiente de fiabilidad para las dos subescalas de la DS-14 fue de .73 (AN) y .72 (IS), y .79 para el puntaje total. Se analizó la validez concurrente con medidas de estrategias de afrontamiento resiliente y afrontamiento religioso. Los resultados evidencian validez interna y externa, dados los índices del análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio.
Thin-walled cylindrical shells in engineering designs and critical infrastructures: A systematic review based on the loading response
Authors: Ganendra Ben , Prabowo Aditya Rio , Muttaqie Teguh , Adiputra Ristiyanto , Ridwan Ridwan , Fajri Aprianur , Thang Do Quang , Carvalho Hermes , Baek Seung Jun
Published: August 2023

Cylindrical shell structures are ubiquitous and essential supporting structures in various engineering applications. The aim of this research work is to provide a comprehensive overview of the behavior of cylindrical shell structures under different loading conditions, including external pressure, axial compression, and bending moment. The study found that the behavior of cylindrical shells was affected by their geometry, including diameter, length, thickness, and imperfections. These factors should be carefully considered in the design and analysis of cylindrical shells. Additionally, stiffeners and sandwich structures can be applied to improve the structural performance of cylindrical shells under different loading conditions. The work also highlighted the latest research trends in the field, such as the use of advanced materials, and numerical simulations to improve the understanding and design of cylindrical shell structures. Overall, this study has provided a valuable resource for engineers and researchers working on cylindrical shell structures, helping them to design and analyze the cylindrical shell structures more efficiently and effectively.