bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP KUALITAS BIOETANOL BERBAHAN BAKU BUAH MANGROVE API-API
Authors: Ayu Dewi Fortuna , Hamzah Farida Hanum , Dewi Yossie Kharisma , Yunita Imelda , Vorensi Vikky
Published: December 2024

Populasi dunia yang terus bertambah pesat, ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil semakin menurun, sehingga diperlukan alternatif energi lainnya yang berasal dari energi terbarukan yang ramah lingkungan seperti pemanfaatan bioetanol. Bioetanol dapat berasal dari tumbuhan, yang mengandung gula seperti pati atau selulosa. Pati yang terkandung pada bahan akan dikonversi menjadi gula dan selanjutnya diubah menjadi bioetanol. Buah mangrove api-api berpotensi sebagai bahan baku dalam pembuatan bioetanol. Kandungan karbohidrat yang terdapat di buah mangrove api-api ini bisa dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan baku pembuatan bioetanol. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan lama fermentasi terbaik terhadap kualitas bioetanol buah mangrove api-api. Penelitian menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan lama fermentasi (4, 5, 6, 7, dan 8 hari) dan tiga kali pengulangan. Parameter yang diuji meliputi kadar bioetanol, rendemen bioetanol, derajat keasaman bioetanol, dan uji warna bioetanol. Data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s  Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lama fermentasi pada pembuatan bioetanol berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar bioetanol, rendemen bioetanol dan derajat keasaman bioetanol, namun tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap uji warna bioetanol. Perlakuan P4 (7 hari lama fermentasi) dipilih sebagai perlakuan terbaik, dengan kadar bioetanol 12,24%, rendemen bioetanol 28,89%, tingkat keasaman 5,46, dan indeks warna L* 32,32%, a* 3,17, b* 2,10.
LAMA WAKTU EKSTRAKSI TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA PEKTIN BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia L)
Authors: Yunita Imelda , Hamzah Farida Hanum , Pramana Angga , Rasyid Abdur , Diana Ayu
Published: December 2024

Salah satu polisakarida yang diekstraksi dari buah adalah pektin. Pemanfaatan pektin sebagai bahan membuat jeli dan membuat makanan menjadi lebih kuat. Buah mengkudu digunakan sebagai bahan baku pektin dalam penelitian ini. Buah mengkudu tidak disukai karena aromanya yang kuat. Hal ini menyebabkan pemanfaatan sumber daya buah mengkudu belum optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan waktu ekstraksi terbaik untuk produksi pektin dari buah mengkudu yang memenuhi kriteria mutu. Pendekatan eksperimental Rancangan Acak Lengkap, yang terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan, digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian ini formulasi waktu yang berbeda pada suhu 80OC, perlakuan P1 adalah waktu ekstraksi 70 menit, P2 adalah waktu ekstraksi 90 menit, P3 adalah waktu ekstraksi 110 menit, P4 adalah waktu ekstraksi 130 menit, dan P5 adalah waktu ekstraksi 150 menit. Analisis data menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji duncan's new multiple range test (DNMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian pektin buah mengkudu dengan perlakuan terbaik adalah P5 dengan waktu ekstraksi 150 menit dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter. Perlakuan terbaik yang memenuhi baku mutu IPPA (International Pectin Producers Association) adalah rendemen 19,10%, kadar air 9,60%, kadar abu 8,72%, bobot ekivalen 349,66 mg, dan kadar metoksil 6,27%.
Twenty Years of Work Ethic in Europe. A Multilevel Analysis of Modernization Theory on Work Ethic
Authors: Piters Raphaël
Published: December 2024

The negative correlation between socio-economic indicators and the strength of work ethic at country-level is well documented. However, the mechanisms driving this correlation remain unresolved. Modernization theory implies that a lack of economic security at individual-level increases the priorities for materialistic values, such as the work ethic. However, we argue that even if Inglehart always considered education as an excellent indicator of one’s economic security, there is only weak evidence that the effect of education on a person’s work ethic is due solely to economic security. Drawing on three waves of the Europe Values Study (EVS) and using multilevel modeling, we separately examine the explanatory power of education and economic security on work ethic between 1999 and 2017. The results show that economic security is weakly related with the level of work ethic, while the effect of education is significant and consistent. In the discussion, we address the newly identified limitations of modernization theory and propose an alternative explanation for the evolution of work ethic in Europe.
Supervised Machine Learning for a Novel Autism Prediction Tool in Adults
Authors: Brandsen Sam , Hallur Shreyas , Andrews Isabelle , Naqvi Madeeha , Zhou Shiru , Boheler Jacklyn , Chandrasekhar Tara
Published: December 2024

For many late-identified autistic adults, the realization that they are autistic can be a key first step to accessing supportive resources and accommodations and developing self-understanding. We introduce a novel screening tool for autistic traits designed primarily by autistic adults. It includes options to assess masking, sensory processing differences, commonly co-occurring medical or mental health conditions, and questions about social and communication differences and repetitive behavior. We used a simple supervised machine learning algorithm to generate a score predicting whether the individual is autistic. Our results indicate that this algorithm was able to distinguish respondents who are non-autistic from respondents who self-reported being formally diagnosed as autistic. Additionally, our algorithm remained effective in identifying autism in respondents with other under-represented identities. Finally, we separately analyzed the responses of self-identified autistic individuals and found a high degree of overlap in the responses of self-identified and formally diagnosed autistic respondents.
Apollo, Dionysus, and Psychedelia: The Duality of Syd Barrett and Roger Waters in the Evolution of Pink Floyd
Authors: Carrasco-Jiménez Edison
Published: December 2024

This article explores the dualistic interplay of Apollonian and Dionysian archetypes within the music and legacy of Pink Floyd, focusing on Syd Barrett and Roger Waters as central figures. Barrett, embodying the Apollonian ideal of visionary beauty and structured creativity, contrasts with Waters, whose Dionysian introspection and chaotic emotionality drove the band’s later works. Utilizing Nietzsche’s philosophical framework, the analysis delves into the influence of psychedelics on the band’s creative processes and their evolution from psychedelic rock to progressive and symphonic forms. Albums such as Atom Heart Mother, The Dark Side of the Moon, Wish You Were Here, and Animals are examined as manifestations of this duality, addressing themes of madness, alienation, and socio-political critique. This study positions Pink Floyd as a cultural and artistic phenomenon, reflecting the transformative impact of psychedelics on music and human consciousness.
Fostering Cross-Cultural Competence through Discourse-Based Language Teaching: English Teachers' Narratives
Authors: Pandey Gopal Prasad
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the integration of discourse in English language teaching to enhance communicative competence, focusing on teachers' perspectives regarding its role, implementation strategies and related challenges. Grounded in the recognition of discourse as pivotal to fostering real-world communication skills, the study examines how teachers conceptualize and apply discourse strategies to develop students' adaptability and cross-cultural competence. Utilizing a narrative inquiry methodology, data were collected through in-depth interviews with five experienced university teachers, offering insights into the practical and theoretical aspects of discourse-based teaching. The findings reveal that teachers employ strategies such as role-playing, video analysis and group discussions to simulate authentic communicative contexts, which promote critical thinking and pragmatic awareness among learners. However, challenges including limited resources, time constraints, and varying levels of student engagement hinder the full implementation of discourse-rich pedagogy. The study contributes significantly to the field by highlighting how discourse bridges linguistic knowledge with practical communication skills, aligning with theories of communicative competence and sociocultural learning. This study not only informs teaching practices but also provides a foundation for further studies to explore its long-term impact across diverse educational contexts.
Leveraging Business Globalization to Accelerate Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Wandia Elizabeth , Muathe Stephen Makau
Published: December 2024

Commercial banks are facing a decline in revenues, indicating a potential downward trend. Banks have experienced intensified competition leading them to tap into foreign capital and expand their market internationally. In Kenyan banks, there has been a decline in the ROE from 26.6% in 2014, 25.2% in 2015, 24.5% in 2016, 21.8% in 2019 and finally 13.9% in 2020. The study sought to establish the effect of business globalization on performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The objectives were to analyze the effects of market liberalization, technological advancements, competitive intensity, and global financial integration. Descriptive research design was employed. The target population was all 39 banks in Kenya. The units of observation were the 1226 staff. Multiple linear regression was used in analysis employed. The study found that monetary policy, interest rate liberalization, and financial system changes have significant impact on commercial banks' performance. Technological innovations, Research and development, innovation, spread of new ideas and number of patents granted contributes to the success of banks in the region. Intensity of competition, brand preferences, business aesthetics greatly and expansion of the economy greatly affect the performance banks. Banks need to establish robust liberalized markets that provide easier access to global markets. The banks management should focus on increasing investments in patenting, digital innovation, and research and development to connect with the unbanked segments of the global market.
Modeling of the Aircraft Environmental Control System
Authors: Baig Talha Imtiaz , Iqbal Ahsan , Ullah Najeeb
Published: December 2024

This research introduces a sophisticated model of the Aircraft Environmental Control System (ECS), focusing on regulating cabin pressure, temperature, humidity, and ozone (O₃) to ensure a safe and comfortable environment. The study develops a dynamic ECS simulation, where the Air Cycle Machine (ACM), operating on the inverse Brayton cycle, provides cooling and dehumidification by extracting heat from pressurized engine bleed air. The system controls cabin temperature by mixing hot bleed air with the ACM output. Cabin pressurization is managed through an outflow valve. The model captures the ECS's performance across varying flight conditions, including transitions from hot ground to cold cruise environments. Custom components for the compressor, turbine, and heat exchangers are developed using the Simscape foundation Moist Air library, enabling accurate modeling of the system’s thermodynamic behavior. This research provides a novel approach to simulating the ECS, offering insights into its operation under real-world flight conditions and advancing the understanding of aircraft environmental control technologies.
Neural correlates of processing orthographic neighbours and predicted words during naturalistic sentence reading: A co-registered eye-tracking and MEG study
Authors: Qi Wei , Tretow Ariane , Weiss Béla , Chen Hongjun , Loberg Otto , Zhu Xichu , Otieno-Leppänen Susannah , Hautala Jarkko , Leppänen Paavo H. T.
Published: December 2024

Context-based prediction is crucial for language processing, facilitating in selecting predicted words from orthographically similar candidates. However, the neural differences in processing orthographic neighbours versus predicted words in high-constraint sentence contexts remain underexplored. This study used fixation-related fields (FRF) with eye-tracking and magnetoencephalography (MEG) to capture participants’ eye movements and neural responses during naturalistic sentence reading. Experimental sentences included four conditions based on target words’ plausibility: plausible words (PC), implausible orthographic neighbours with last- (LD) or first-letter deviations (ED) from the PC target words, and unrelated words (UC). Results revealed longer first fixation durations and larger N400m FRF responses for the LD, ED, and UC than for the PC. The ED elicited larger P600m FRF responses than the LD and PC. The left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) showed increased activity for the ED and UC than the PC during both the N400m and P600m time windows. The left temporal cortex exhibited stronger activity for the PC than the ED during the N400m time window. During the P600m time window, compared with the PC, increased right IFG activity was observed for the LD, while the right insula cortex showed greater involvement for the LD and ED. This study highlights the impact of orthographic form in sentence reading, demonstrating that even one-letter deviations significantly affect fixation-related brain responses. These findings uncover distinct neural processes for handling orthographic and semantic deviations, emphasizing the role of the left and right IFG and the right insula cortex in processing orthographic neighbours during naturalistic sentence reading.
Information about Immigrants’ Deservingness Reduces Misperceptions and Opposition to Immigration
Authors: Sijilmassi Amine , Mercier Hugo , Safra Lou , Chevallier Coralie
Published: December 2024

Anti-immigration attitudes remain widespread across Western societies, raising concerns for social cohesion. This study investigates whether correcting misperceptions about immigrants' perceived deservingness—using cues such as intent to contribute and efforts to overcome socio-economic challenges—can counter anti-immigration prejudice. In Study 1 (N = 474), a factorial survey experiment showed that low-status immigrants were viewed more favorably when they exhibited deservingness traits. Studies 2a (N = 1,506) and 2b (N = 1,255), conducted as one-week longitudinal studies during the 2024 European and French parliamentary elections, revealed that an information treatment emphasizing deservingness cues strongly reduced misperceptions about immigrants, modestly reduced opposition to immigration, and had an even smaller effect for anti-immigration voting. These findings suggest that while immigrants are often perceived negatively, emphasizing perceived deservingness can mitigate prejudice, presenting a promising strategy for reducing anti-immigration bias.
Foraging through emotions: Emotional stimuli and participants’ trait anxiety shape visual foraging
Authors: Tagu Jérôme , Robert Christelle , Stéphanie Mathey
Published: December 2024

Previous work suggests that target selection during visual foraging is achieved through competition between different factors (e.g., proximity, priming) that orient attention towards one of the possible targets. However, this research has mainly involved simple stimuli such as coloured dots. Here, we investigated whether target selection is sensitive to the emotional content of the stimuli during visual foraging, using real-world photographs eliciting negative, neutral or positive emotions. Moreover, based on results from single-target visual search, we examined how participants’ trait anxiety influences foraging behaviour. Seventy-five observers completed three foraging tasks corresponding to three emotional-valence conditions (positive, neutral, negative). The task was to select all the targets (pre-specified emotional images) as fast as possible, while ignoring neutral distractors. Observers’ foraging strategy (i.e., selection order, number of switches between target types) and performance (i.e., selection times, number of distractor selections) were measured. We also assessed participants’ trait anxiety. The results revealed that negative emotional stimuli significantly influenced both foraging strategy and performance. Furthermore, the effect of negative emotion on foraging performance was amplified for participants with high trait anxiety. These findings suggest that emotional processing contributes to target selection and emphasize the importance of using ecologically valid stimuli in visual-foraging research.
General Artificial Intelligence Attitude (GAIA) Item Pool – How to Measure Attitudes Toward an Ever-Changing Object
Authors: Hering Maike , Neef Nicolas Eric , Zabel Sarah , Otto Siegmar
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly influential, raising both high hopes and severe concerns. This implies the existence of individually diverse attitudes, which makes AI attitude an important scientific construct. But attitudes toward AI – contrary to attitudes toward most other objects – are quite special because AI as the object of these attitudes is changing rapidly. Building on a review of existing scales, we used Item Response Theory to develop the General Artificial Intelligence Attitude Item Pool (GAIA-I). Using an online questionnaire, we validated both GAIA tools with a sample of 302 participants from the USA. We found evidence for convergent validity (alignment with existing AI attitude scales), discriminant validity (distinction from the constructs AI anxiety and innovativeness), as well as predictive validity (relation to AI usage behavior in a follow-up survey). In contrast to classical scales, our approach allows users to draw individualized scales from a pool of validated items that can be extended and adapted to AI developments in the future without the need to develop a new scale. To facilitate an out-of-the-box application, we also provide the GAIA-15, a version that is optimized to capture behavioral, affective, and cognitive aspects of AI attitudes.
Growing up Different(ly than Last Time We Asked): Social Status and Changing Reports of Childhood Income Rank
Authors: Obermaier Amber , Hastings Orestes P
Published: December 2024

How we remember our past can be shaped by the realities of our present. This study examines how changes to present circumstances influence retrospective reports of family income rank at age 16. While retrospective survey data can be used to assess the long-term effects of childhood conditions, present-day circumstances may “anchor” memories, causing shifts in how individuals recall and report past experiences. Using panel data from the 2006-2014 General Social Surveys (8,602 observations from 2,883 individuals in the United States), we analyze how changes in objective and subjective indicators of current social status—income, financial satisfaction, and perceived income relative to others—are associated with changes in reports of childhood income rank. Fixed-effects models reveal no significant association between changes in income and in childhood income rank. However, changes in subjective measures of social status show contrasting effects: childhood income rank is negatively associated with financial satisfaction but positively associated with perceived relative income. We argue these contrasting effects follow based on theories of anchoring in recall bias. We further find these effects are stronger among males but are consistent across racial/ethnic groups. Our findings highlight the malleability of retrospective perceptions and their sensitivity to current social conditions, offering methodological insights into survey reliability and recall bias.
From Entanglement to Disentanglement: Comparing Traditional VAE and Modified Beta-VAE Performance
Authors: Shakya Sahaj , Maharjan Binod , Shakya Prabesh
Published: December 2024

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of advanced Variational Autoencoder (VAE) models in overcoming latent space entanglement and insufficient disentanglement, common issues in traditional VAEs. Traditional VAEs often face challenges in separating distinct features within the latent space, leading to entangled representations that hinder interpretability and compression efficiency. The advanced VAE models examined in this study address these issues by enhancing disentanglement, which results in clearer separation of latent factors and more interpretable representations. However, this improvement in disentanglement may result in a trade-off with reconstruction quality. The article shows that, while these sophisticated models improve disentanglement, they may also have worse reconstruction quality than classic VAEs. The findings highlight the necessity of hyperparameter optimization in successfully navigating this trade-off. Future study should investigate novel model architectures and hyperparameter optimization strategies to optimize the balance of disentanglement and reconstruction quality. Overall, the research emphasizes the ability of advanced VAE models to generate more interpretable representations and the importance of careful tuning to resolve the inherent trade-offs.
Oppian z Cylicji o potworach morskich i falajnie (Halieutica I 360–408)
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: December 2024

Artykuł zawiera poetycki przekład na język polski dwóch fragmentów zaczerpniętych z pierwszej księgi poematu Oppiana pt. Halieutica. Pierwszy fragment to poetycka inwokacja i dedykacja dla rzymskiego cesarza Marka Aureliusza (H. I 1–9). Drugi fragment opisuje największe potwory Morza Śródziemnego i Oceanu Atlantyckiego, w tym walenie, rekiny, delfiny, morsy i foki (H. I 360–408). Przekładowi towarzyszy krótki komentarz i zwięzłe objaśnienia. W centralnej części artykułu autor omawia wybrane problemy związane z gatunkową identyfikacją morskiego potwora nazywanego przez starożytnych Greków falajną (gr. φάλ(λ)αινα).
Przez mroczne zwierciadło. Surrealistyczna wyobraźnia i wizerunki zwierząt w filmie Philipa Ridleya Połyskująca skóra
Authors: Pitrus Andrzej
Published: December 2024

Artykuł jest aspektową interpretacją debiutanckiego filmu Philipa Ridleya pod tytułem Połyskująca skóra (1990). Autor skupia się na odniesieniach do świata zwierząt, ukazując funkcję animalistycznych hybryd i totemów u rekonstrukcji świata straumatyzowanego dziecka. Odczytanie filmu opiera się na założeniu, że Philip Ridley buduje świat przedstawiony swojego dzieła na bazie surrealistycznej tradycji reprezentacji.
Of Rats and Men I: A Pragmatist Take on the Concept of Free Will as a Challenge to the Human-Animal Dichotomy
Authors: Słuszkiewicz Zbigniew
Published: December 2024

The article is the first part of a triptych on agency. It critically analyses those arguments drawing from the notion of free will (FW) that most frequently resurface in discussions of non-human minds within the context of the human-animal divide. By embedding the investigation within pragmatic philosophy, backed by broadly understood cognitive sciences, the author argues that this web of assertions is unconvincing, as FW’s ontology: 1) is inconsistent with current empirical knowledge; 2) appears to be a superficial construct, failing to reflect the intricacies of human decision-making processes; and 3) is inconsequential for experience. Rather than being a unique capability of the mind, FW reveals itself as an anthropocentric and WEIRD-made artefact, which lacks explanatory power regarding human behaviour. As such, when applied to non-human species, it qualifies as anthropofabulation. Consequently, the author proposes replacing FW with an empirically informed concept of agency derived from Karl Friston’s free-energy principle, supported by insights from the processual philosophy of biology. Such a framework allows for capturing the nature of agency in its advanced form, plausibly shared with at least some other species. It thus facilitates the construction of gradable concepts of moral agency, in the likes of Mark Rowlands’s category of “the moral subject.” Subsequent articles will discuss this subject matter further.
Pengaruh Akuntabilitas dan Sistem Pengendalian Internal Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (Studi Kasus di Badan Pengelola Keuangan dan Asset Daerah Kota Tidore Kepulauan)
Authors: Mattoasi Mattoasi , Jainuddin Sitna
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of accountability and internal control systems on local government financial performance. This research uses quantitative research methods. The data source used in this research is saturated sampling. The data analysis technique in this research is descriptive quantitative analysis using uti t statistics, statistical f test, and coefficient of determination test (adjusted R Square) using IBM SPSS 20 for windows. The results of this research show that accountability has a positive and significant effect on local government financial performance, and the control system has a positive and significant effect on local government financial performance and simultaneously accountability and the internal control system have a positive and significant effect on local government financial performance with a value of The determinant is 40.3% while the remaining 60.3% is caused by other factors that are in the theoretical structure but were not tested in this research.
Analisis Faktor Pendorong dan Penarik Pengunjung Obyek Wisata Pandansili
Authors: Solikah Diah Ayu
Published: December 2024

Wisata Pandansili sebagai wisata desa dengan daya tarik alam dan budayanya mampu membuat banyak pengunjung tertarik untuk datang. Hal ini membuat Wisata Pandansili memiliki potensi untuk terus berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong dan penarik pengunjung Wisata Pandansili. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, pengunjung Wisata Pandansili didorong oleh beberapa faktor yaitu menghilangkan kejenuhan, relaksasi, nostalgia, dan rasa ingin tahu terkait tradisi serta kepercayaan mengenai air sumber Pandansili. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa faktor penarik yang juga mempengaruhi pengunjung Wisata Pandansili, faktor-faktor tersebut adalah kemurnian dan khasiat air, pemandangan dan suasana alam yang asri, kuliner dengan harga yang murah, sikap ramah tamah petugas wisata dan masyarakat lokal, spot foto yang menarik, dan juga sebagai tempat start dan finish kegiatan komunitas komunitas tril, sepedah gunung, panther, dan lain sebagainya. Oleh karena itu, para pengelola obyek Wisata Pandansili harus melakukan inovasi dalam pengembangan atraksi buatan yang mendukung atraksi alaminya sehingga pengunjung tidak merasa bosan dan eksistensi wisata tetap terjaga. Keyword : Wisata Pandansili, Faktor Pendorong, Faktor Penarik
Diasporic Consciousness: A study of longing and alienation of migrants in Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake and The Lowland
Authors: Nancy  , Rani Suman
Published: December 2024

This paper aims at exploring Jhumpa Lahiri’s novels The Namesake and The Lowland to make it visible that how the sense of longing and alienation can create different world and therefore, conflicting frame of mind for homeland. This paper expresses the fundamental ideology of immigrants. The cultural conflict between the east and the west is making situation more complicating to adapt the new social set up and assimilating the life style of the west. Lahiri’s works expresses the sense of being uprooted from motherland and always-showing quest for identity and belongingness.
Cereal Crop Disease Resistance and Climate Change: A Banaskantha District, Gujarat Study
Authors: Suthar Lalit Kumar , Dutta Ashit
Published: December 2024

In this research paper, we explore the Cereal Crop Disease Resistance and Climate Change: A Banaskantha District, Gujarat Study, focusing on the interplay between climatic factors and disease incidence. Analyzing data from 2010 to 2023, the study reveals significant correlations between rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, and increased vulnerability to diseases in key crops such as wheat, maize, and pearl millet. The findings indicate that even a 2°C increase in temperature can lead to a 10-12% rise in disease incidence, severely affecting overall crop yields and threatening food security. This research emphasizes the urgent need for adaptive strategies, including the development of disease-resistant crop varieties and sustainable agricultural practices. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of farmer education and advanced weather forecasting tools to enhance disease management. By proactively addressing these challenges, the agricultural sector in Banaskantha can bolster its resilience and ensure sustainable production in the face of climate change.
Social Satire in Sharad Joshi's Literature
Authors: Meena Geetanjali
Published: December 2024

Sharad Joshi was an Indian poet, writer, satirist, and dialogue and screenplay writer in Hindi films and television. He was honored with the Padma Shri in 1990. Sharad Joshi gave a new dimension to the genre of satire through his writings, making sharp critiques of the social and religious malpractices and politics of his time. His satires are as relevant today as they were in the past. In his satires, Sharad Joshi skillfully addressed political issues, social and religious malpractices, and contemporary events in such a manner that they deeply touched the readers' hearts and compelled them to think profoundly. His satires carried such incisive critique that they shook the readers to their core and left them pondering for a long time.
Abstract in Hindi Language: शरद जोशी एक भारतीय कवि, लेखक, व्यंग्यकार और हिंदी फिल्मों और टेलीविजन में एक संवाद और पटकथा लेखक थे। 1990 में उन्हें पद्मश्री से सम्मानित किया गया। शरद जोशी ने व्यंग्य लेखन की विधा को एक नया आयाम दिया और अपनी लेखनी के जरिए उस समय की सामाजिक, धार्मिक कुरीतियों और राजनीति पर चुटीला कटाक्ष किया। उनके व्यंग्य आज की परिस्थितियों में भी उतने ही प्रासंगिक हैं जितने उस समय थे। शरद जोशी ने अपने व्यंग्यों में राजनीतिक समस्याओं, सामाजिक-धार्मिक कुरीतियों, तात्कालिक घटनाओं को इतनी कुशलता और इस अंदाज में उठाया कि उन्होंने सीधे पाठकों के दिल को छुआ और उन्हें बहुत कुछ सोचने पर मजबूर कर दिया। उनके लिखे व्यंग्यों में इतना गहरा कटाक्ष होता था जो पाठकों को अंदर तक झकझोर देता था और लंबे समय तक सोचते रहने पर मजबूर कर देता था।
Keywords: शरद जोशी, व्यंग्यकार, सामाजिक, भारतीय समाज।
Israel and Palestine Conflict: A Contemporary Overview
Authors: Jajoriya Avdhesh Kumar
Published: December 2024

Israel is a relatively small geographical area. To its north lies Lebanon, while Egypt is situated to its south. On the eastern side, it is bordered by Jordan and Syria, whereas the western side features the highly renowned Mediterranean Sea. Thus, Israel is surrounded by nations collectively referred to as the "Arab countries." Apart from the immediate neighbors, the broader Arab region also includes other nations. All these Arab countries collectively support Palestine and often attack Israel. However, Israel is so advanced technologically, militarily, and economically that it manages to successfully defend itself against these adversaries. These Arab nations support Palestine, aiming to eliminate the Jewish presence in the region and hand over the entire area to Palestine. Their ultimate goal is to obliterate Israel's existence and preserve only Palestine.
Abstract in Hindi Language: इजरायल अपेक्षाकृत एक छोटा भू भाग है। इजरायल के उत्तर में लेबनान नामक देश स्थित है, जबकि इसके दक्षिण में मिस्र देश अवस्थित है। इजराइल के पूर्वी भाग में जॉर्डन और सीरिया नामक देशों की उपस्थिति है, जबकि इजरायल के पश्चिमी भाग में अत्यंत प्रसिद्ध ‘भूमध्य सागर’ स्थित है। अर्थात् इजरायल अपने चारों ओर से जिन देशों से घिरा हुआ है, इन्हें ‘अरब देशों’ के नाम से जाना जाता है। अरब क्षेत्र में इजराइल के चारों ओर उपस्थित इन देशों के अलावा अन्य देश भी शामिल हैं। ये समस्त अरब देश इजरायल के विरुद्ध मिलकर हमला करते हैं, लेकिन इजरायल तकनीकी रूप से, सैन्य रूप से और आर्थिक रूप से इतना सक्षम है कि वह अकेले ही अपने चारों ओर उपस्थित इन देशों से सफलता पूर्वक निपटने में सक्षम है। यहाँ उपस्थित सभी अरब देश मिलकर फिलिस्तीन का ही साथ देते हैं और वे चाहते हैं कि यहाँ से यहूदियों को पूरी तरह से साफ कर दिया जाए और इस संपूर्ण क्षेत्र को फिलिस्तीन को सौंप दिया जाए। ये सभी अरब देश इजरायल के अस्तित्व को समाप्त करके सिर्फ फिलिस्तीन के अस्तित्व को ही बनाए रखने के लिए उत्सुक हैं।
Keywords: इजरायल, फिलिस्तीन, संघर्ष, अरब देश।
CRM dimensions of the Saudi tourism sector
Authors: Mohammed Abulkhair
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aims to identify the dimensions of customer relationship management (CRM) within the Saudi tourism sector and to compare these dimensions with those established in the literature. Design/methodology/approach: The study conducted semi-structured interviews with sixteen hotel managers or sales agents. These interviews took place face-to-face at the hotels, guided by an interview model, and were either recorded or documented in writing. The primary goal was to capture the interviewees' spontaneous perspectives, allowing them the freedom to express their thoughts on the topic in their own way. Findings: The interviews revealed four key dimensions of CRM specific to the Saudi tourism sector, which align with Sin et al’s scale and its related items. These dimensions include: (1) Key customer management orientation, (2) CRM organization through expert oversight, (3) Knowledge management, and (4) Technology-based CRM.
Resolving Gender Inequality - Feminist Foreign Policy
Authors: Sharda Devi
Published: December 2024

In the current era of modernization of socio-economic development, the persistence of gender inequality demonstrates that our progress still falls short of providing equal rights and opportunities to half of the population. This research highlights that gender inequality remains a global issue, depriving women and marginalized communities of their rights and opportunities. It explores how feminist foreign policy can help mitigate gender inequality. Nations today need to shift their foreign policy focus from traditional issues (such as war, security, and military power) to social justice, inclusivity, and sustainable development. The feminist perspective asserts that issues of war, peace, and development disproportionately affect marginalized sections of society. Therefore, a feminist approach should be adopted in foreign policy formulation. Feminist foreign policy is based on the principle of promoting gender equality in the foreign policy-making processes and institutions. According to this policy, the underrepresentation of women in conflict resolution and peace-building pushes women and marginalized communities further to the periphery. This research attempts to conclude that feminist foreign policy can not only promote gender equality but also ensure sustainable outcomes in post-war reconstruction, conflict resolution, and peace-building by increasing women's participation. Adopting this policy can contribute to creating a just world.
Abstract in Hindi Language: सामाजिक-आर्थिक विकास के आधुनिकीकरण के वर्तमान युग में लैंगिक असमानता की उपस्थिति इस बात को साबित करती है कि हमारी प्रगति अभी भी आधी आबादी को समान अधिकार और अवसर प्रदान करने मे नाकाम रही है। प्रस्तुत शोध में यह बताया गया है कि लैंगिक असमानता एक वैश्विक समस्या बनी हुई जो महिलाओं और समाज के कमजोर समुदायों को उनके अधिकारों और अवसरों से वंचित करती है। नारीवादी विदेश नीति कैसे लैंगिक असमानता को कम करने में सहायक हो सकती हैं। आज राष्ट्रों को अपनी विदेश नीतियों को पांरपरिक विषयों (युद्ध, सुरक्षा और सैन्य शक्ति) से इतर सामाजिक न्याय, समावेशीकरण और टिकाऊ विकास पर केन्द्रित करनी चाहिए। नारीवादी दृष्टिकोण का मानना है कि युद्ध, शांति और विकास के मुद्धे समाज के हाशिये पर रहने वाले वर्गो को अधिक प्रभावित करते हैं। इसलिए विदेश नीति निर्माण में नारीवादी दृष्टिकोण अपनाना चाहिए। नारीवादी विदेश नीति इस मान्यता पर आधारित है कि विदेश नीति निर्माण प्रक्रिया और संस्थाओं में लैंगिक समानता को बढ़ावा दिया जाना चाहिए। इस नीति के अनुसार संघर्ष समाधान और शांति निर्माण में महिलाओं का अपर्याप्त प्रतिनिधित्व महिलाओं और समाज के कमजोर समुदायों को हाशिये पर धकेल देता हैं। प्रस्तुत शोध में यह निष्कर्ष निकालने की कोशिश की गयी हैं कि नारीवादी विदेश नीति न केवल लैंगिक समानता को बढ़ावा दे सकती है बल्कि युद्धोपरांत पुननिर्माण, संघर्ष - विराम और शांति निर्माण में महिलाओं की भांगीदारी स्थायी परिणाम दे सकती है। इस नीति को अपनाकर विश्व को न्यायसंगत बनाया जा सकता है।
Keywords: नारीवादी, लैंगिक समानता, विदेश नीति, महिलाएं, भारत
Examining Youth Sector Stakeholders’ Experiences in an Online Program Evaluation Certificate
Authors: Bean Corliss , Hummell Caroline , Fiissel Dorrie , Galano David , Anucha Uzo
Published: December 2024

Evaluation is a critical skill for practitioners, yet many youth workers lack sufficient training. The current study examined youth sector stakeholders’ experiences in an online program evaluation certificate. A total of 233 participants from six cohorts (i.e., three years) completed pre- and post-certificate surveys measuring their satisfaction and learnings from the certificate. Results revealed that participants were generally satisfied with the certificate and reported significant improvements in their perceived knowledge after participation ( p < .001). Findings point to the utility of online certificates for enhancing evaluation capacity in the Canadian youth work sphere and inform future directions for research and practice.
A Conversational Approach to Learning About Learning: Embedded Indigenous Evaluation and Communities of Practice
Authors: Rowe Gladys , Burke Heather , Thomas Sheila , Ducharme Jerilyn , Glynn-Morris Susan , Denby Chris
Published: December 2024

In the context of Indigenous and decolonial evaluation, who is doing the work matters, the way that we do this work matters, and how stories of this work is shared matters. Based on their experiences as Learning Facilitators, the authors share their insights and questions about how learning might be supported through an embedded learning approach. A conversational approach used to share these learnings is congruent with the ways of working that the authors have established as important within their Community of Practice. Two key areas are addressed. First, we share experiences engaging in a EleV Learning Facilitators Community of Practice including the potential value and opportunity that a Community of Practice can offer when working within an Indigenous evaluation and learning framework. Second, we share experiences, insights, learning, and questions about the role, purpose, and opportunities in embedding Learning Facilitators in initiatives that focus on systems change.
Materialidad y posibilidades formales en edificios religiosos del siglo XX. La Capilla de Ronchamp y la Catedral de Brasilia
Authors: Villamón Juan
Published: December 2024

Los edificios religiosos son las manifestaciones que los pueblos han construido para expresar su fe, dejando a lo largo del tiempo obras que nos muestran sus creencias y valores respecto al conocimiento de un ser superior. En estos edificios podemos analizar su significado, las referencias que utilizan para su desarrollo proyectual y cómo se materializan. Escogimos como ejemplos del siglo XX a Le Corbusier con la Capilla de Ronchamp y a Oscar Niemeyer con la Catedral de Brasilia, ambos de concreto armado. Cada uno, a su manera, da a conocer sus pensamientos (no necesariamente religiosos) respecto a la fe, la paz y la contemplación.
El uso del concreto armado en la arquitectura de Carlo Scarpa. El Pabellón de Venezuela, el Museo de Castelvecchio y la Tumba Brion
Authors: Cigarini Tommaso
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo inicia con una breve síntesis de los beneficios del concreto armado en arquitectura. Luego, se analiza la codificación del uso del concreto armado en el Movimiento Moderno para luego definir cómo, a partir de la década de 1950, se hace de este material un uso más extenso, expresivo y profundo. Emblemática de esta época es la arquitectura de Carlo Scarpa, que utiliza el concreto de manera amplia, aprovechando al máximo sus posibilidades y su ductilidad, tal como se muestra en el análisis de tres obras suyas. Para finalizar, se ve cómo desde la posguerra otros arquitectos, como Oscar Niemeyer y Tadao Ando, han seguido usando el concreto armado de manera siempre nueva y experimental. En la arquitectura peruana actual hay también una corriente neo brutalista de extremo interés, representada por recientes edificios públicos construidos en Lima, que siguen usando de manera plástica y estética el concreto armado expuesto.
Psychology and Neurobiology of Horror Movies
Authors: Nummenmaa Lauri
Published: December 2024

This article covers the neurobiological and psychological aspects of horror movies. Cinema audiences are not exposed to real threats, thus the movie should pass the brain's “reality check” systems and emotion regulation to engage the fear responses. This is achieved through vicarious simulation, proximity of threats, and unpredictability of the fearful events, and using universal sources of fear such as illness or isolation. Paradoxical appeal of horror movies stems from universal curiosity toward morbid and threatening subjects, mixing of emotions of fear and excitement in the brain, and the capability to learn about dangerous situations safely in the context of movies. These findings are summarized in a conceptual model for eliciting fear through cinema.
An Aristotelean Argument for Unity of Regimes in Dominican and Jesuit Papalist Writings
Authors: Izbicki Thomas
Published: December 2024

Aristotle, arguing for the ‘Unmoved Mover’ in the Metaphysics, quoted Homer on the need for one leader. The Metaphysics, in Latin, included that quotation. Thomas Aquinas used examples from daily life in interpreting the Metaphysics. However, Dominicans, followed by the Jesuits, reversed this argument, saying Aristotle indicated the need for a single ruler in any polity. According to them, that ruler was the pope in the Church. In the sixteenth century this argument was attacked by John Calvin. Robert Bellarmine replied, rejecting Calvin’s interpretation of Aristotle’s text. However, in the seventeenth century, the entire argument from the Metaphysics ceased to have a place in political discourse.
[REVIEW]: Adam Kozak, Księga sądowa gnieźnieńskich wikariuszy generalnych Sędka z Czechla i Jana z Brzóstkowa (1449–1453, 1455). Studium źródłoznawcze i edycja krytyczna, Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, Poznań 2023, pp. LXXXV + 522 (Folia Jagellonica. Fontes 12).
Authors: Kras Paweł
Published: December 2024

The review of the source edition of the Register of the vicars general of the Gniezno Archiodiocese by Adam Kozak published in 2023.
Species delimiting of the genus Pratylenchus (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) plant-parasitic nematodes
Authors: AMINISARTESHNIZI MEHRNOUSH
Published: December 2024

Root-lesion nematodes of the Pratylenchus are an important pest parasitizing a wide range of vascular plants, including several economically important crops. However, morphological diagnosis of more than 100 species is problematic due to the low number of diagnostic features, high morphological plasticity, and incomplete taxonomic descriptions. In order to employ bar-coding-based diagnostics, we analyzed the most important species of Pratylenchus based on COI sequences. In this study, we reconstructed the species delimitation of the Penetrans group using mitochondrial gene sequences. A combination of different methods for species delimitation allowed us to establish the species boundaries within the Pratylenchus group and, as such, clarify long-standing controversies about the taxonomic status of Pratylenchus. Therefore, in 2024, a study was undertaken at the University of Limpopo to compare species delimitation analyses within the Pratylenchus genus based on the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) region. In this study, Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP) and Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) species delimitation approaches were employed. A total of 73 sequences GenBank were utilized, representing 13 species (Pratylenchus sp., P. zeae, P. parazeae, P. vulnus, P. scribneri, P. brachyurus, P. speijeri, P. coffeae, P. loosi, P. horti, P. hippeastri, P. penetrans, P. neglectus, and P. thornei). The phylogenetic analyses grouped all the species into 14 clades, which separated all species clearly. The ASAP and ABGD analysis reveal a remarkable amount of cryptic biodiversity within the genus Pratylenchus, confirming that identification based on COI marker alone can be inconclusive in this taxonomically confusing genus. The phylogenetic tree supported these analyses. In conclusion, our analyses indicate COI to be a good barcode gene, as all Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) do not only form monophyletic groupings in the COI phylogeny.
Application of Backpropagation Neural Network in Predicting Mandatory Test Vehicle Parks
Authors: Rani Asmidewi  , Muhyidin Yusuf , Minarto Minarto
Published: December 2024

Backpropagation neural networks can be used in almost every aspect of human life, including the prediction of mandatory test vehicle parks. The goal of this study was to use BPNN (Backpropagation Neural Network) modeling to anticipate mandatory test vehicle parks based on the past data from the Department of Transportation at Purwakarta Regency, and to predict the results using the best model. This study makes use of mandatory test vehicle parks data from 2014 through 2023, which necessitates monthly testing. The test results show an accuracy level of 90.134% utilizing alpha 0.9, iteration number (epoch) of 10000, and MSE value 0.0064. Based on the best BPNN model into Matlab applications, the mandatory test vehicle park will be predicted from June 2023 to May 2024. The estimated value of the mandatory test vehicle park in December 2023 will be used to determine the requirement for proof of passing the periodic test in 2023 with a score of 7587
Semantic Positioning of Clusters Information Packages
Authors: Makarov Leonid , Pozdnyakov Alexander
Published: December 2024

Problem statement. Considerable attention paid to various aspects of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the tasks of semantic description of a variety of objects and phenomena requires consideration of the issues of coupling the processes of neural activity of brain structures and formal computer modeling procedures. The purpose of the work: to consider the possibility of creating a computer semantic model for positioning information flows in the format of clusters, initialized both in the process of thinking and using examples of natural physical objects and phenomena. The methods used. Taking as a basis the theoretical postulates of computational topology, a mathematical model of cluster formation is presented, taking into account the numerical semantic indicators of the elements. Result. It is shown that it is possible to operate clusters with different physical and morphological characteristics in order to reproduce the emergence indicator in terms of the model. Novelty. By means of a mathematical model, the possibility of semantic positioning of information packages of various physical nature has been established.