bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anaesthesia for trauma patients
Authors: Ortega-Gonzalez M.
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
Perioperative hyperglycaemia
Authors: Gardner B.M.
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
Anaesthetic management of paediatric adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Strauss L.
Published: February 2025

Tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy is one of the most frequent surgical procedures that are carried out globally. Although these children are often fit, anaesthesia for such cases can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and should not be undertaken lightly. An approach to the anaesthetic management of paediatric adenotonsillectomy is presented.
What’s new in obstetric anaesthesia?
Authors: Hlongwane T.N.
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
CPD Questionnaire: Jan/Feb 2013
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: February 2025

No abstract available.
Lactic acidosis, risk factors and predictive laboratory markers: A nested case control study in South Africa
Authors: Luke C.A. , Moosa M.Y.S. , Esterhuizen T.M. , Knight S.E. , Saman S. , Ross A.
Published: February 2025

Background: The incidence of antiretroviral therapy (ART)-induced lactic acidosis and its associated mortality may be reduced by appropriate dosing, risk stratification and early detection. Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of lactic acidosis, define the risk factors and identify predictive laboratory markers in the context of the roll-out of ART in South Africa.Design: A nested case control study. Risk factor analysis was adjusted for the established risk factors of weight and gender. Setting and subjects: Persons commenced on stavudine-containing therapy between 2004 and 2007 at Port Shepstone Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal were included. Persons with a body weight above 60 kg received Stavudine 40 mg twice daily, and those with a body weight below 60 kg, 30 mg twice daily. Outcome measures: Assessed risk factors included weight, gender, age, alanine transaminase (ALT), urea, creatinine, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) levels, CD4 counts and viral loads. Results: Lactic acidosis occurred in 79 (17 per 1 000 person-years) of 1 762 people living with HIV on ART. Significant factors were being female [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 5.4] and increased body weight (adjusted OR of 1.1 per kg). The risk of lactic acidosis increased 6.6, 6.9 and 95 times (adjusted ORs) as weight increased from a baseline weight of 60 kg to 60-69 kg, 70-79 kg or 80 kg, respectively. Six months into therapy, predictors of developing lactic acidosis were an ALT 50 IU/l (adjusted OR of 11.1) and a higher TG (adjusted OR of 8.8 per mmol/l). No associations were found with regard to age, CD4 count, viral load, and creatinine or albumin levels. Conclusion: Obese females are at greatest risk of lactic acidosis, with an exponential increase in risk above 80 kg. The 30-mg dose may be preferable, given that a sharp increase in risk occurred at 60 kg, was most likely dose related, and that 30 mg has been shown to provide adequate virological suppression. Additional risk factors for lactic acidosis include a high ALT and TG levels at treatment.
An evaluation of factors underlying suicide attempts in patients presenting at George Hospital emergency centre
Authors: Raubenheimer Lourine , Jenkins Louis
Published: February 2025

Background: Roughly 130 patients are seen daily in the emergency centre (EC) at George Provincial Hospital (GPH), of whom one or two will have attempted suicide. GPH serves the population of Eden and Central Karoo Districts. Little is known about the circumstances surrounding these suicide attempts. We examined this pattern and formulated a protocol for managing these patients. Method: All patients attending the EC after attempting suicide between December 2010 and April 2011 were identified from the EC register. Thirty nine patients gave consent and completed a questionnaire. The data were analysed in Excel®. Additional information was obtained from five members of a focus group. Results: Patients who attempted suicide had often attempted suicide previously. They came from a community with high levels of longstanding financial and domestic stress, violence, dysfunctional family relationships, alcohol abuse and poor coping skills. Suicide attempts generally involved impulsively taking prescription medication following an argument with a family member. Patients felt abandoned or alone, were physically or mentally abused, were subjected to alcohol abuse, or had underlying anxiety or depression. Conclusion: Patients who attempt suicide and attend GPH EC come from a chronically stressed community with dysfunctional family patterns and alcohol abuse and lack of coping skills. A psychological support team has introduced a suicide-attempt protocol in the EC offering patients an opportunity to deal with their distress and learn better coping skills. (Full text available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2015; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2014.976944
Profile and acute mortality outcome of patients admitted with cryptococcal meningitis to an urban district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Adeyemi Benjamin O. , Ross Andrew
Published: February 2025

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CCM) is one of the leading causes of early mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. This study was part of a clinical audit aimed at improving care for patients with CCM at an urban district hospital in South Africa. Method: The clinical records of patients (age 13 years) admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of CCM between June 2011 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were generated with EpiInfo™ 7.1.2.0. Ninety-five per cent confidence intervals were reported, where appropriate. Results: Of the 127 patients admitted with CCM, only 97 (76.4%) knew their HIV status. Only 44.8% (43/96) of those who knew that they were HIV-positive were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Seventeen of the 25 patients (68%) previously treated for CCM had defaulted on their fluconazole treatment and only 60% (15/25) were on ART. CCM-related mortality at two weeks was 55.9% (71/127). A high cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fungal load, CD4 count 100 cells/mm3 and poor CSF inflammatory response were associated with increased mortality risk. However, only the association between poor CSF inflammatory response and mortality was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Acute CCM-related mortality remains high. The number of patients who do not know their HIV status, the number of HIV-positive patients who are not on ART, the high level of nonadherence to their fluconazole medication and the proportion of patients who are not on ART after at least one previous CCM episode indicate that there is a need to develop comprehensive strategies aimed at encouraging HIV testing and improving the retention of patients with regard to HIV care and support. (Full text available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2015; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2014.976962
Health-related factors associated with intimate partner violence in women attending a primary care clinic in south-western Nigeria
Authors: Silva Abimbola A. , Irabor A. , Olowookere O. O. , Owoaje E. , Adebusoye L. A.
Published: February 2025

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) relates to poor physical and mental health in women. Women who have experienced it access healthcare facilities more frequently with symptoms that are often unrelated to violence. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of IPV and health-related factors in women in the study population. Method: This clinic-based, cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2010 and January 2011 at the general outpatient clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Four hundred women aged 15 years and older with previous or current intimate partners were recruited by simple random sampling. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire to obtain information on the respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, lifetime experience of IPV and clinical data, i.e. presenting symptoms, body mass indices and blood pressure readings. The clinical data of women who had a lifetime experience of IPV were compared with those who did not.Results: The overall lifetime prevalence of IPV was 89.2%. Reported IPV types were controlling behaviour (79.5%), psychological violence (35.7%), and physical (19.8%) and sexual violence (9.8%). Non-specific complaints (p = 0.028), female genital complaints (p = 0.037), poor sleep (p = 0.049), headaches (p = 0.011), abrasions or scars (p = 0.012), suicidal ideation (p = 0.001) and obesity (p = 0.021) were significantly more common in women who had experienced IPV than in those who had not. The logistic regression analysis showed suicidal ideation as the most significant factor relating to IPV (odds ratio 12.658, 95% confidence interval: 1.248–29.677). Conclusion: The high prevalence of IPV in women who routinely present to this primary care clinic suggests that there is a need for IPV screening. The association of IPV with a spectrum of clinical factors signifies its ubiquitous occurrence and underscores the need for healthcare providers to have a high index of suspicion, especially in cases whereby women present with non-specific complaints. Suicide screening should also be performed on women found to be positive for IPV. (Full text available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2015; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2014.976994
Preventing venous thromboembolism at a district hospital: a quality improvement study
Authors: Beutel Bernhard G. , Jenkins Louis S.
Published: February 2025

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the most common preventable cause of hospital deaths, and almost all hospitalised patients have at least one risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Despite the availability of highly effective thromboprophylaxis in preventing VTE, numerous studies worldwide have demonstrated its under-utilisation. The aim of this study was to review and improve the utilisation of thromboprophylaxis in the prevention of VTE in hospitalised patients at Oudtshoorn district hospital, and to make recommendations to the Western Cape Department of Health on how to improve the quality of care for patients at risk for VTE at district hospitals. Method: A quality improvement cycle (QIC). Retrospective analysis of files of adult patients admitted to the male and female wards at Oudtshoorn district hospital was performed prior to and after a five-month intervention phase. The target standards for the QIC were: (1) availability of a written hospital policy on VTE prevention; (2) every adult admission should have a formal VTE risk assessment documented; (3) every adult admission who is at risk for VTE should receive thromboprophylaxis. Results: Some 38% of adult patients admitted to Oudtshoorn Hospital, excluding the maternity ward, were at risk of developing VTE. There was no written hospital policy on VTE prevention. This was developed and made available during the intervention. In the pre-intervention group there were no patients who had a documented VTE risk assessment. The post intervention group showed a considerable increase with 45.2% having had a completed VTE risk assessment on admission (p 0.001). In the pre-intervention group only 4.6% of patients who were at risk of VTE received thromboprophylaxis. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of patients at risk who received thromboprophylaxis in the post-intervention group where 36% of these patients received thromboprophylaxis (p 0.001). Conclusions: The study identified a major shortcoming in the prevention of VTE in those patients at risk who were admitted to Oudtshoorn district hospital. An intervention as part of a quality improvement cycle has been able to demonstrate a significant improvement in the detection of patients who are at risk of VTE and a subsequent improvement in appropriate thromboprophylaxis. A number of barriers to their implementation have been identified and need to be addressed. This QIC may in time be of value to assist other district hospitals in addressing the issue of VTE prevention. (Full text available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2015; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2014.977033
An assessment of the risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis among adult patients suffering from human immunodeficiency virus attending the Wellness Clinic at Themba Hospital
Authors: Rodriguez Felix Alberto H. , Agbo Samuel O.
Published: February 2025

Background: In South Africa, the data about risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is limited. Therefore, the assessment of risk factors for PTB is an important step to identify which risk factors are unique in every specific population context and in this way gain a better understanding of them. The aim of this research was to assess contributory risk factors for PTB among adult patients suffering from Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attending the Wellness Clinic at Themba Hospital. Method: A cross sectional descriptive design was employed. A total of 300 participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to collect data on socio-demographic information, behavioural factors and medical history of patients in the research. Data were analysed using Stata Release 11 software. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with PTB.Results: The results of this investigation showed that being of single marital status (OR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.01–3.79), moderate/heavy drinkers (OR = 3.46; 95% CI = 1.56–7.69) and living in a dusty outdoor environment (OR = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.16–3.61) were statistically associated with pulmonary tuberculosis for the study participants in multivariable logistic regression models.Conclusion: Single marital status, dusty outdoor environment and moderate/heavy drinkers were strongly associated with an increased risk of PTB among HIV positive patients. Pulmonary tuberculosis control and prevention strategies among HIV positive patients should be focused on reducing or limiting the impact of these risk factors. (Full text available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2015; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2014.978105
Unmasking depression in persons attempting suicide
Authors: Naidoo Soornarain S. , Naidoo Uvistra , Naidoo Ashantha
Published: February 2025

Background: Suicidal behaviour is highly prevalent and increasing at an alarming rate among all socio-demographic groupings in South Africa. Approximately 9.5% of all unnatural deaths in young people in South Africa are due to suicide. The ratio of non-fatal suicide attempts to attempts with fatal outcomes varies between 20:1 and 40:1 depending on the geographical region and the community composition being studied. Although depression is a common co-existing finding in many studies involving patients with suicidal behaviour, current evidence suggests that it is either not detected or it is inappropriately managed in clinical practice.Aim: This study compared self-reported perceived and objectively assessed personal physical and mental well-being of adults attempting suicide and being admitted to two local community-based public hospitals in South Africa. Method: Validated questionnaires were used to elicit relevant data from 688 adults attempting suicide and being admitted to two community-based public hospitals in Durban which was analysed using SPSS®.Results: The majority of participants were female, single, younger age group, unemployed, low education and low income level. Only 30.3% of participants reported long-standing illnesses lasting more than 6 months. The majority perceived their physical and mental health to be normal. However, an objective assessment revealed a large number of participants to be suffering from varying levels of depression. Conclusion: The study population comprised mainly the younger age group in both sexes, and showed that depression is an important co-morbid risk factor in suicidal behaviour in this and other groups. This finding cannot be ignored, and the authors endorse the call for a scaling up of screening strategies to diagnose depression, and for an improved prevention and management framework. (Full text available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2015; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2014.1002219
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on forensic pathology services in Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: Mamashela Thakadu A. , Ntuli Samuel T.
Published: February 2025

Background: To evaluate the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the preventative measures taken, especially how they affect forensic pathology services in rural South Africa.Methods: This retrospective analysis includes referred post-mortem cases from all forensic pathology services in Limpopo province, comparing the period before the COVID-19 pandemic (01 January 2019 to 31 December 2019) with the pandemic period (01 January 2020 to 31 December 2020). Data analysis was performed using STATA 16.0 software (StataCorp; College Station, TX). Chi-square test was employed for comparison, with a p-value 0.05 deemed statistically significant.Results: Approximately 9319 cases were submitted for post-mortem examinations, with 4857 occurring before the pandemic and 4462 during it, marking an 8.1% decrease. There was a decrease in the number of unnatural death cases, while the instances of natural deaths rose. Cases under investigation saw a notable increase. There was a marked decrease in referrals for forensic examinations across all districts. In addition, except for one facility, there was a decline in the number of cases sent for autopsies at all facilities.Conclusion: In conclusion, forensic pathology services in this province had been severely disrupted by the COVID-19 outbreak and the lockdown that followed, especially in the tertiary hospital. It has led to new challenges for case management and necessitated changes to operating procedures.Contribution: It has required modifications to operational procedures and has introduced various challenges in case management.
Community-Driven Nursing Interventions: Enhancing Prevention and Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in Hypertensive Patients at Non-communicable Disease Clinics
Authors: Arumugam Sumathi , Ethiraj Theranirajan , Rajendran Shankar Shanmugam , Tamilselvi Palani , Periyasamy Umamaheswari , Elumalai Ghercy , Subbaiya Saranya
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the global key health issues; hypertension continues to be among the leading risk factors. This, therefore, calls for early detection and prevention with the aim of reducing the disease’s progression and socioeconomic burden. It is through such community-based nursing interventions that the gap in prevention and early detection may be bridged.

Aim:

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a community-based nursing intervention aimed at improving knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to CKD prevention among hypertensive clients attending an non-communicable disease (NCD) clinic.

Materials and Methods:

Quasi-experimental design with 100 hypertensive clients purposively divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received community-based nursing interventions, which included educational sessions, whereas the control group received routine care. The pre- and post-intervention KAP were measured through structured questionnaires. Data analysis was set in SPSS version 22 and fixed at P ≤ 0.05.

Outcome:

Pre-intervention, both groups had poor knowledge and practices. Post-intervention, 68% of the intervention group showed adequate knowledge, and 66% displayed good practices, while no change was observed in the control group. Correlations were found between KAP score and demographics—age and BMI, in the intervention group.

Conclusion:

Community-based nursing interventions enhance KAP related to CKD prevention in hypertensive clients in an effective manner. Including these interventions in routine care will ultimately be cost-effective and crucial, mainly in low-resource environments.
In Vitro Analysis of Compressive Strength of Three Different Aesthetic Restorative Materials
Authors: Nagar Rohit , Grandini Simone , Gaeta Carlo , Dubey Sumit , Maiti Niladri , Jadhav Madhura Avinash , Konthoujam Neerieza
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The study aims to assess and contrast the compressive strengths of three aesthetically pleasing restorative materials.

Materials and Methods:

Using metallic molds, 30 pellets were created, then split into 3 groups of 10, each meeting the required specifications. Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) cylindrical specimens are in Group A; Resin Modified GIC (RMGIC) cylindrical specimens are in Group B; and Zirconomer cylindrical specimens are in Group C. A universal testing equipment was used to compress all of the samples, and the results were acquired. Tukey’s post
hoc test and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.

Result:

Zirconomer’s compressive strength is significantly higher than that of RMGIC and GIC.

Conclusion:

The compressive strength of Zirconomer is the highest. As a result, Zirconomer may be the preferred material for aesthetic restorative procedures.
Enhancing Safety and Slip Resistance of Epoxy Flooring Materials through the Reuse of Aluminum Machining Chips
Authors: Sami Abdelhalim , Ali Salih Eltahir Elmarud , Ali Abdulrahman Khamaj , Ali Abdullah A. Faqihi , Bafakeeh. O. T
Published: February 2025

The present study is part of a wide research project conducted by the authors. The overarching purpose of this project is to explore the reuse of aluminum machining chips for the development of design recommendations for epoxy floor materials, specifically focusing on safety requirements and slip resistance based on friction measurements. The aim is to address the potential danger of electrostatic charge generation during walking.
 
Epoxy floor coatings are commonly used in commercial and industrial settings. They are typically applied over concrete floors to create a smooth, durable surface that can withstand heavy loads and provide a high-performance flooring solution. Many industrial sites, warehouses, and commercial buildings rely on epoxy floors to maintain clean and safe conditions for workers, equipment, and inventory.
Investigation of the optimum neutron energy spectrum for brain tumor boron neutron capture therapy using Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code
Authors: Soliman Abdelfattah , Banoqitah Essam , Xoubi Ned , Djouider Fathi
Published: February 2025

Boron neutron capture therapy, a targeted technique for cancer treatment, is based on fission reaction of implanted boron-10 in tumor cells by thermal neutrons to yield alpha particles and recoiling lithium‐7 nuclei. The short range of these ionizing fission products induces damages to the cancer cells while sparing surrounding healthy tissues. A methodology to determine the optimum neutron energy according to the depth of the tumor in the brain is developed in this work. This methodology mainly depends on separately considering the different reaction types at discrete neutron energies using Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) Transport Code and investigating their relative contribution to the absorbed dose in both the tumor and surrounding healthy tissues. For a certain tumor depth, the neutron energy that maximizes the neutron dose to the tumor and minimizes it in the surrounding healthy tissues is selected. The metrics to evaluate improvement in the optimization process are developed based on the ratio of the tumor dose rate density (Gy/cm3‧s) to that of the surrounding healthy tissues. The results showed a significant improvement when compared with those of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) recommended neutron energy ranges. For deep-seated tumors, the dose ratio was improved from 0.89 to 1.77 for tissues preceding the tumor and from 2.40 to 12.0 for tissues after the tumor. For the shallow-seated tumors, the dose ratio was improved from 2.48 to 2.64 for tissues preceding the tumor and from 8.63 to 18.8 for tissues after the tumor.
Ballantyne Syndrome-The Uncommon in Common Rh Isommunization
Authors: Kumar Dasari Varun , Kumar Anil , Tiwari Sudhanshu
Published: February 2025

.
Od przysłowia głowa nie boli. Zagadnienia współczesnej paremiologii polskiej
Authors: Szpila Grzegorz
Published: February 2025

Książka Grzegorza Szpili jest wynikiem jego wieloletnich badań nad zjawiskiem przysłowia we współczesnej polszczyźnie. Badacz stara się w niej przedstawić stan wiedzy paremiologicznej (polskiej i obcej), której elementy wykorzystuje w analizie zjawisk paremicznych w języku polskim. Autor przygląda się przysłowiom z synchronicznej perspektywy, czerpiąc w swoich analizach z danych pochodzących z dwóch pierwszych dekad XXI wieku. Analizuje różnorodne aspekty paremiologii i paremiografii, uwzględniając między innymi takie aspekty jak forma, znaczenie i użycie pragmatyczno-dyskursywne przysłów. Analizy paremiczne obejmują przykłady ilustracyjne pochodzące z najrozmaitszych źródeł użycia przysłów, takich jak słowniki, literatura piękna, środki masowego przekazu, reklama i social media. Książka adresowana jest przede wszystkim do badaczy paremiologii, ale może służyć także jako wprowadzenie do tej fascynującej dyscypliny.
Ý định tham dự và ý định tuyên truyền miệng trong tiếp xúc cử tri: Khung lý thuyết hành vi hoạch định
Authors: Nhàn Nguyễn Thanh
Published: February 2025

Việc người dân tham gia tiếp xúc cử tri là một trong những nội dung quan trọng để Hội đồng nhân dân cấp thực hiện tốt nhiệm vụ và quyền hạn pháp luật quy định. Mục đích nghiên cứu này là nhằm xác định các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến ý định tham gia và ý định tuyên truyền miệng của công dân liên quan đến tiếp xúc cử tri. Dữ liệu khảo sát gồm 322 người được phân tích thông qua mô hình phương trình cấu trúc bình phương nhỏ nhất từng phần (PLS-SEM). Kết quả phân tích định lượng cho thấy ba yếu tố của lý thuyết hành vi hoạch định bao gồm thái độ, chuẩn chủ quan, kiểm soát hành vi nhận tác động tích cực và đáng kể đến ý định tham gia của công dân. Ý định tham gia tác động tích cực và mạnh mẽ đến ý định tuyên truyền miệng. Dựa trên kết quả nghiên cứu, phần cuối của bài báo, tác giả đề xuất một số giải pháp để góp phần nâng cao ý định tham dự tiếp xúc cử tri và ý định tuyên truyền miệng của công dân.
Đo lường thị trường hiệu quả qua các mô hình nhân tố - Nghiên cứu thực nghiệm tại Sở Giao Dịch Chứng Khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Thạch Phạm Hoàng
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu trong bài báo này nhằm đánh giá tính hiệu quả của thị trường chứng khoán với mẫu nghiên cứu tập trung trên Sở Giao Dịch Chứng Khoán Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh. Bài báo sử dụng các mô hình chỉ số đơn và mô hình đa nhân tố để nghiên cứu các rủi ro liên quan trên thị trường này. Kết quả nghiên cứu trong bài báo này chỉ ra rằng rủi ro thị trường đo lường qua VN-index chưa thể tổng quát hóa hết các rủi ro trên Sở giao dịch chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Do vậy, việc bổ sung thêm các nhân tố khác sẽ tăng cường tính hiệu quả giải thích rủi ro và từ đó làm cơ sở đánh giá hiệu quả của thị trường tốt hơn. Cụ thể, nghiên cứu cho thấy mô hình năm nhân tố sử dụng rủi ro thị trường (đại diện bởi VN-index), rủi ro liên quan đến khác biệt trong qui mô công ty (nhân tố qui mô đại diện bởi danh mục SMB), rủi ro liên quan đến khác biệt trong giá trị công ty (nhân tố giá trị đại diện bởi danh mục HML), rủi ro liên quan đến khác biệt lợi nhuận (nhân tố lợi nhuận đại diện bởi danh mục RMW), và rủi ro liên quan đến khác biệt trong đầu tư (nhân tố đầu tư đại diện bởi danh mục CMA) đo lường hiệu quả tốt hơn mô hình chỉ sử dụng một nhân tố rủi ro thị trường (VN-index) hoặc mô hình ba nhân tố sử dụng rủi ro thị trường (VN-index), rủi ro liên quan đến khác biệt trong qui mô công ty (SMB), rủi ro liên quan đến khác biệt trong giá trị công ty (HML). Các mô hình này cũng có thể được dùng để đánh giá hiệu quả đầu tư của các nhà đầu tư cá nhân và các nhà đầu tư tổ chức.
Ảnh hưởng biến động giá dầu thô quốc tế đến hiệu quả hoạt động của các công ty niêm yết tại Việt Nam
Authors: Giang Vương Thị Hương , Băng Trần Kim Khánh , Mạnh Nguyễn Hữu
Published: February 2025

Nghiên cứu này đánh giá tác động của biến động giá dầu thô quốc tế đối với Hiệu Quả Hoạt Động (HQHĐ) của các công ty niêm yết tại Việt Nam, sử dụng ước lượng tổng quát hóa khoảnh khắc có hệ thống (SGMM) trên mẫu gồm 368 Doanh Nghiệp Niêm Yết (DNNY) trên hai sở giao dịch HOSE và HNX trong giai đoạn 2010 - 2022. Kết quả đạt được chỉ ra biến động giá dầu có mối quan hệ ngược chiều và có ý nghĩa thống kê đối với lợi nhuận của các DNNY. Ngoài ra, biến động giá dầu cũng có tác động cùng chiều và có ý nghĩa đến tỷ lệ chi phí hoạt động trên doanh thu thuần của các DNNY tại Việt Nam. Nhìn chung, các kết quả thực nghiệm cho thấy rằng sự gia tăng trong biến động giá dầu thô quốc tế có xu hướng làm suy giảm HQHĐ của các công ty niêm yết tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu cũng đưa ra các đề xuất chính sách nhằm giúp các DNNY ổn định HQHĐ trong bối cảnh biến động mạnh của giá dầu thô quốc tế.
Ứng dụng học máy và học sâu trong nghiên cứu tài chính: Một nghiên cứu về dự báo khả năng hoàn trả khoản vay của khách hàng
Authors: Đạt Nguyễn Phát , Nhật Hồ Mai Minh , Vinh Trương Công , Phong Lê Quang Chấn , Sử Lê Hoành
Published: February 2025

Trong bối cảnh cho vay ngang hàng (P2P lending) ngày càng phát triển, việc đánh giá khả năng trả nợ của khách hàng trở nên cần thiết, không chỉ giúp nhà đầu tư cá nhân hạn chế rủi ro mà còn phát hiện các cơ hội đầu tư tiềm năng. Nghiên cứu này đề xuất việc áp dụng học máy và học sâu để phân tích hành vi, thông tin nhân khẩu và lịch sử tín dụng của người vay, qua đó dự báo khả năng hoàn trả khoản vay. Các thuật toán được áp dụng trong bài nghiên cứu bao gồm: Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) và học sâu: Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Kết quả sau khi xử lý và tối ưu hóa cho thấy các mô hình Ensemble Learning như XGB, LGBM đem lại kết quả vượt trội so với các mô hình máy học truyền thống với độ chính xác mô hình đạt hơn 85%. Các đặc trưng như tỷ lệ lãi suất (int_rate), xếp hạng tín dụng (subgrade) và số tiền vay (loan_amnt) có ý nghĩa đặc biệt quan trọng trong việc dự đoán này. Với kết quả dự đoán, chúng tôi kỳ vọng rằng nghiên cứu sẽ cung cấp một công cụ hỗ trợ đắc lực cho nhà đầu tư cá nhân trong việc đánh giá và lựa chọn hồ sơ vay, từ đó góp phần vào việc thúc đẩy một thị trường cho vay ngang hàng minh bạch và hiệu quả hơn.
BASILEA III Y LA BANCA EN AMÉRICA LATINA: DESAFÍOS Y OPORTUNIDADES
Authors: Chamoli Falcón Andy Williams
Published: February 2025

En el contexto de la implementación de Basilea III en América Latina, este artículo de revisión bibliográfica aborda los desafíos y oportunidades que enfrentan los bancos en la región. El objetivo principal es identificar y analizar los retos relacionados con la adaptación a las regulaciones de Basilea III, así como las posibles ventajas que estas normativas pueden ofrecer al sector bancario latinoamericano. A través de una metodología de revisión bibliográfica, se recopiló y analizó la literatura existente sobre el tema para proporcionar una visión integral de la situación actual. Los resultados destacan la importancia de la gestión de riesgos financieros, la transparencia y la eficiencia operativa como áreas clave de enfoque para los bancos en América Latina en el contexto de Basilea III, ofreciendo una base sólida para futuras investigaciones y decisiones regulatorias en el sector bancario de la región.
Efficient Classification of Power Quality Using Long Short-Term Memory Network Technique
Authors: Mayyadah Sahib Ibrahim  , Ali Sachit Kaittan
Published: February 2025

This study aims to apply a new deep-learning technique to detect and categorize individual and complex PQ issues such as swell, flickers, surges, interruptions, and sags. The suggested technique, the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, is a novel artificial intelligence technique and an identifiable form of recurrent neural network. This technique is utilized to detect and identify power quality (PQ) issues based on three principal solutions: automatic feature extraction, voltage/current magnitude calculations, and PQ problem duration. Simulated PQ problems generated by the Matlab simulation and many real field data sets are used to authorize the proposed technique's capability. The real data contain voltage and current waveforms that are measured, recorded, and analyzed in medium-voltage and high-voltage (MV/HV) substations by using a data acquisition device. The simulation results show that the proposed method is capable of detecting and classifying PQ problems more accurately compared with other artificial intelligence techniques.
A CAD-Driven and Cloud-Based Autonomous Process Planning Framework for Reconfigurable Bending Press Machines
Authors: Eriyeti Murena  , Khumbulani Mpofu  , Gift Nenzhelele  , Wilfred Dube
Published: February 2025

Sheet metal part manufacturers are increasingly under pressure to meet highly variable consumer demands. As product customization increases, the production process for sheet metal bending parts becomes more complex. This article proposes a fully integrated cloud-based system for sheet metal process planning. The system is developed based on a computer-aided design application and has the capability to rapidly convert a standard for the exchange of product data (STEP) file manufacturing instructions. A new mathematical model for calculating the overall production cycle time is also formulated. Two sheet metal components are used to test the system. The results demonstrate that the proposed cloud-based framework can display the 3D model, its face relationships, and a table containing the manufacturing information.
Energy Demand Forecasting for Hybrid Microgrid Systems Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Tahir Aja Zarma  , Emmanuel Ali  , Ahmadu Adamu Galadima  , Tologon Karataev  , Suleiman Usman Hussein  , Adekunle Akanni Adeleke
Published: February 2025

This study aims to design energy demand forecasting models for energy management in hybrid microgrid systems using optimized machine learning techniques. By incorporating temperature, humidity, season, hour of the day, and irradiance, the complex relationship between these input parameters and the yield of photovoltaics, generator, and grid energy sources is examined. Five different machine learning models including linear regression, random forest (RF), support vector regression, artificial neural network, and extreme gradient boosting models are adopted in this study. Evaluation of model performance shows that the RF model is the best candidate for the dataset, with a mean-squared error of 0.2023, mean absolute error of 0.0831, root-mean-squared error of 0.4498, and R² score of 0.9992. Shapley additive explanations analysis identified key predictors such as hour, irradiation, and season while highlighting the negative impact of humidity and day of the week on energy demand.
The Effect of System Quality and Information Quality on System User Satisfaction Accounting Information
Authors: Mendrofa Meliana , Hastuti Sri
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the effect of system quality and information quality on user satisfaction in the study of Fremilt Thai Tea outlet employees in Yogyakarta. This study uses a quantitative approach collected through primary data in the form of questionnaires distributed to respondents. The sampling method uses consideration from the researcher, so that 45 respondents are obtained, namely the total employees at the Fremilt Thai Tea outlet. The analysis technique in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis through SPSS 26 software. The results of this study indicate that 1) system quality affects user satisfaction, 2) information quality has no effect on user satisfaction.
Determinants of Accounting Students' Perceptions of Earnings Management Practices with the Level of Ethical Knowledge
Authors: Rinaia Syafia , Jurana Jurana , Din Muhammad , Paranoan Selmita
Published: February 2025

Phenomena related to earnings management practices raise ethical dilemmas, especially for accounting students. This research aims to analyze the influence of the ethical orientation of idealism and relativism on accounting students' perceptions regarding earnings management practices with the level of ethical knowledge as a moderating variable. The research was conducted on accounting students at Tadulako University from July to September 2023 with a sample size of 267, with PLS analysis. The research results prove that the influence of idealism has no effect on accounting students' perceptions regarding earnings management practices. Relativism has a positive effect on accounting students' perceptions regarding earnings management practices. The level of ethical knowledge strengthens the influence of idealism and relativism on accounting students' perceptions regarding earnings management practices. Idealism and relativism have a positive simultaneous effect on students' perceptions regarding earnings management practices. Therefore, the results of this research can be used as a reference for academics so that in the learning process they can incorporate ethical values into each lesson and conduct case study discussions regarding accounting scandals that occurred.
The Du Pont System in Measuring Financial Performance in The Food and Beverage Company Sub-Sector
Authors: Kurniawati Nanda , Mahsina Mahsina , Masyhad Mashyad
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the assessment of financial performance in the food and beverage company sub-sector listed on the IDX for the 2020-2023 period using the du pont system analysis This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The approach in this study uses a comprehensive du pont system financial ratio. The results of this study indicate that the Du Pont System analysis in the food and beverage company sub-sector for the 2020-2023 period has poor financial performance because the ROE and ROI values fluctuate. Based on the results of the ratio using the du pont system analysis, the comparison of the financial performance of the food and beverage company sub-sector for the 2020-2023 period calculated using NPM, TATO, EM, ROI, ROE ate the best results at PT Multi Bintang Indonesia Tbk. While the year that has poor financial performance is at PT Sentra Food Indonesia Tbk.
Biopsychosocial Model of Pain
Authors: Manali Yadav , Deepak  (PhD) Prof. Dr. Anap
Published: February 2025

The biopsychosocial model of pain emphasizes the interconnected influence of biological, psychological, and social factors on an individual's experience of pain. This editorial abstract explores the integration of these dimensions in understanding and addressing pain, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach for effective pain management. It delves into the evolving perspectives within the physiotherapy community, underscoring the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize patient outcomes and enhance the quality of care. The abstract also touches upon emerging challenges, new research and practical implications for physiotherapy professionals working within this comprehensive framework.
Effect Of Oropharyngeal Exercises And Respiratory Muscle Strengthening In Obese Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea- An Experimental Study
Authors: Pradnya Mahajan , Prajakta Patil , Jaywant Nagulkar , Vikas Saini
Published: February 2025

Aim- To find out the effect of oropharyngeal exercise and respiratory muscle strengthening in obese patient with obstructive sleep apnea. Relevance of study - Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a significant public health problem It is necessary to treat OSA so that obese patient should not always go for noninvasive CPAP ventilation or surgical need as it becomes severe there is need for surgery. Methodology- In this experimental study 34 obese (BMI >30) subjects with mild or moderate obstructive sleep apnea (AHI>5) were selected according to inclusion & exclusion criteria. pre and post OSA analysis was done using Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Scale of subjective snoring (Stanford), neck circumference. The oropharyngeal exercises & respiratory muscle strengthening exercises was given to patients for 6 weeks, 5 days per week. Result- On intra group using paired t test the pre intervention mean of neck circumference was 34.946+3.173. Obtained p value after the intervention is <0.0001 with post mean 34.263+3.022 which implies that there is significant difference between pre post comparison for Stanford scale was 6.257+0.980. Obtained p value after the intervention is <0.0001 with post mean 4.714+ 0.957 which implies the significant difference between pre-post comparison and for ESS was11.941+1.071. Obtained p value after the intervention is <0.0001 with post mean 10.000+ 0.816 which implies the significant difference between pre post comparison. Conclusion - Oropharyngeal exercises and respiratory strengthening exercises are effective in obese patients with mild or moderate obstructive sleep apnea.
Prevalence Of Urinary Incontinence in Post Natal C- Section Women in Age Group (21- 45 Years) - A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Rucha Jodh , Asmita Kadel
Published: February 2025

Background- According to the ICS (International Continence Society), urinary incontinence (UI) is characterized by any loss of involuntary urine associated or not with efforts . It is more frequent in women, due to anatomical reasons and hormonal changes, as well as births and pregnancies that can generate overload and favour structural damage to the pelvic floor tissues. The purpose of the study was to assess the postpartum prevalence of urinary incontinence following ceasarean section in women with age group 21-45yrs. Methodology and analysis - A cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 postnatal caesarean section women aged 21 – 45 years using convenient sampling. Women with any Recent abdominal surgery , any neurological pathology ,Obesity , prenatal women were excluded . Their urinary incontinence symptoms were investigated using QUID questionnaire. Result- The findings revealed that urinary incontinence was prevalent in post natal c-section women in age group 21-45years where stress incontinence was more prevalent than urge incontinence. Conclusion- The study concluded the prevalence of urinary incontinence by 31.91% in post c-section women age group of 21-45yrs. In which 27.65% women show positive result for stress incontinence  and 4.25% for urge incontinence so elective ceasarean section did not prevent urinary incontinence.
Prevalence of Maternal blues in Primiparous and Multiparous Women Using Maternal Blues Suryani Scale : An Observational Study
Authors: Mahvish Shaikh , Ashwini Kalsait , Radhika Talapalli , Jaywant Nagulkar
Published: February 2025

Aim- To study the prevalence of Maternal Blues in Primiparous women and Multiparous women using Maternal Blues Suryani Scale. Relevance of study - Maternal Blues if not detected and taken care off in time can progress to major clinical postpartum depression and it has adverse effects on development and health of infant and mother such as that mothers might become triggered to engage in self-injury, suicide, or abandoning their babies. Methodology- In this observational study 102 females were selected,  according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of which 51 women were Primiparous and 51 were Multiparous. Written consent was taken from the subjects prior to the study. The entire procedure was explained to the participants and demographic details of the patient were taken. Participants were given printed copy of the scale in their language; Maternal Blues Suryani Scale, and a pen. Participants were asked to carefully read each statement in the scale and then tick the appropriate answer. Result- Total 102 women were the participants of this study. Out of which 51 were primiparous women and 51 were multiparous women. Mean age of Primiparopus women was 21.35 and that of Multiparous was 27.52. Mean % of Maternal Blues in Primiparous women is 55.15% and that in Multiparous women is 52.03%. Conclusion- Prevalence of Maternal Blues is slightly higher in Primiparous(55.15%) women than in Multiparous women(52.03%).
The prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among novice karate players
Authors: Shraddha Kale , Vrushali Mugal , Jaywant Nagulkar
Published: February 2025

Aim-The aim of this study was to access the prevalence of injury pattern among novice karate players. Relevance of study - There are many benefits of practicing karate as it improves psychological health by promoting relaxation, self-esteem, balance, development of the discipline, strength and mind-body coordination. Participation in the sport like karate or any sport is not without risk, and injuries can be an adverse outcome. Methodology-In this cross-sectional study 89 participants were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire is used in the study to access the injury pattern according to body region and Dr buckleys injury severity classification is used to access the severity of injury. The injuries were classified as major, moderate, severe according to the classification. Result- The most common causes of direct contact injuries were found to be punches and kicks. It was observed that, in present as well as past, the most common location of injury were found in lower limb that is hips/thighs (33.7%), knees (33.7%), ankle (25.84%) followed by head and face (22.47%). The severity of injury was graded by Dr Buckleys injury severity classification, where the participants suffered from major injuries(56.17%), moderate injuries (35.9%), and severe injuries(6.74%). Conclusion – From this study it is concluded that mostly, lower and upper limb injuries, followed by head and face are found to be affected mostly in novice karate players. Karate is associated with a relatively high injury rate but mainly for minor injuries, with a relative risk lower than in most sports; severe injuries are rare.
Mckenzie approach for quadratus lumborum dysfunction in patients suffering from chronic low back pain with borderline BMI
Authors: Askal Ali K , Mahendran P , Kalaiselvi K
Published: February 2025

Background: Low back pain is the common condition people with borderline mckenzie
Method are popular active treatment approach that include both exercise and information for patient with chronic LBP.
 
Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of mckenzie approach for quadratus lumborum
Dysfunction in people with borderline BMI.
 
Design: Single group, pre and post experimental study, single centre included patient with
LBA.
 
Methodology; The experimental study included 26 people with low back pain based on the Inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were explained about the mckenzie exercises. Oswestry disability index and VAS scales was taken as outcome measures and checked before and after completion of 4 weeks.
Result:  The study shows significant improvement when assessed post study used in VAS scale and OSWESTRY scales with P<0.005. Hence reject the null hypothesis and accept alternate hypothesis. Which states that significant effect of Mckenzie protocol reducing severity of back pain and improving functional activity.
 
Conclusion: The study has concluded that mckenzie approach for quadratus lumborum
dysfunction in patients suffering from CLBP with borderline BMI has shown great improvement by reducing pain and improving functional activity.So, further effort should be forward promoting mckenzie approach as a part of physiotherapist rehab service whenever necessary with goal of reducing LBP.