bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vectored jets power arms-first and tail-first turns differently in brief squid with assistance from fins and keeled arms
Authors: Bartol Ian K. , Ganley Alissa M. , Tumminelli Amanda N. , Krueger Paul S. , Thompson Joseph T.
Published: July 2022

Squids maneuver to capture prey, elude predators, navigate complex habitats and deny rivals access to mates. Despite the ecological importance of this essential locomotive function, limited quantitative data on turning performance and wake dynamics of squids are available. To better understand the contribution of the jet, fins and arms to turns, the role of orientation (i.e. arms first versus tail first) in maneuvering, and the relationship between jet flow and turning performance, kinematic and 3D velocimetry data were collected in tandem from brief squid, Lolliguncula brevis. The pulsed jet, which can be vectored to direct flows, was the primary driver of most turning behaviors, producing flows with the highest impulse magnitude and angular impulse about the main axis of the turn (yaw) and secondary axes (roll and pitch). The fins and keeled arms played subordinate but important roles in turning performance, contributing to angular impulse, stabilizing the maneuver along multiple axes and/or reducing rotational resistance. Orientation affected turning performance and dynamics, with tail-first turns being associated with greater impulse and angular impulse, longer jet structures, higher jet velocities and greater angular turning velocities than arms-first turns. Conversely, arms-first turns involved shorter, slower jets with less impulse, but these directed short pulses resulted in lower minimum length-specific turning radii. Although the length-to-diameter ratio (L/D) of ejected jet flow was a useful metric for characterizing vortical flow features, it, by itself, was not a reliable predictor of angular velocity or turning radii, which reflects the complexity of the squid multi-propulsor system.
Case Report: Functioning adrenal adenoma presenting with atypical imaging findings
Authors: Dhakal Prakash , Sharma Suraj , Sharma Abhishek , Rajak Ashik , Pandey Prabin
Published: July 2022

The most common adrenal lesion is an adrenal adenoma in adults. Adrenal adenomas can have a variety of imaging features due to their widespread prevalence. As a result, distinguishing between typical and atypical imaging features of adrenal adenomas is critical, as is distinguishing atypical adrenal adenomas from potentially malignant lesions. Here, we present a case of adrenal adenoma with atypical imaging findings presenting as Cushing’s syndrome.
The genome sequence of the clay, Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787)
Authors: Boyes Douglas ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective, Gibbs Melanie ,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: July 2022

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Mythimna ferrago (the clay; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 861 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (99.98%) is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the W and Z chromosomes assembled. The complete mitochondrial genome was also assembled and is 15.3 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 14,075 protein coding genes.
Eff ects of Film Thickness and Potential on Response and Interference Suppression of Nitrite Biosensor
Authors:   Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand., Pornchaiwannachat Palita , Thanachasai Saipin ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Published: July 2022

An amperometric myoglobin-based biosensor was developed for detection of nitrite by entrapping myoglobin (Mb) into an electropolymerized polypyrrole (PPy) fi lm deposited on a platinum (Pt) electrode. In order to optimize the sensor response and minimize the interference caused by a common interfering compound, the effects were investigated of the preparation conditions (fi lm thickness corresponding to an electropolymerization charge of 5–400 mC cm-2) and operating conditions (working potentials of +0.60, +0.65 and +0.70 V) on the response and interference suppression of a nitrite biosensor. The current responses to nitrite and ascorbic acid were examined of the obtained PPy/Mb biosensor. The results showed that as the fi lm thickness increased, the response toward nitrite initially decreased and then slightly increased, while the suppression of interference by ascorbic acid increased. The fi lm thickness substantially affected the interference suppression by ascorbic acid because polypyrrole fi lm possesses a size-exclusion property which can suppress electroactive interferent compounds, such as ascorbic acid, and the size exclusion effect relies considerably on the fi lm thickness. An increase in the diffusion barrier against interference with increased fi lm thickness resulted in the enhanced suppression of ascorbic acid. In addition, the results showed that the working potential had a positive infl uence on the response to nitrite across the range studied. However, all the investigated working potentials had a similar effect on the suppression of ascorbic acid.
Boron Defi ciency Enhances Microcracking in Tomato Fruit during Summer
Authors:   Department of Bioproduction, United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Tsuruoka 997- 8555 Japan, Gonroudobou Gnon Bouanra Marietta , Nabeshima Tomoyuki ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555 Japan, Nishizawa Takashi ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555 Japan, Watanabe Masanori ,   Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555 Japan
Published: July 2022

Microcracking (MC) downgrades the quality of tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum) because it allows entry of fungi, and reduces the shelf life of the fruits by damaging the fruit cuticle membrane (CM). Recently, experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of boron (B) defi ciency on MC in tomato fruit. Seedlings of two cherry tomato cultivars ‘Chika’ and ‘Regina’ were grown hydroponically and treated with 0, 5 and 10 mg·L-1 of B in summer and autumn. ‘Regina’ fruit that were B defi cient showed a higher incidence of MC than fruit treated with B 15 Days After Anthesis (DAA). While no signifi cant difference was observed in ‘Chika’ fruit under the same treatment, we found them to be susceptible to B defi ciency when treated at an earlier stage (0 DAA). In both cultivars, B treatment did not affect CM deposition or fruit size. However, under B defi ciency, MC incidence, and cell enlargement increased, especially in summer, when fruit growth rate was high. This indicates that the additive effects of fruit growth rate and B defi ciency on the CM increased the incidence of MC in tomato fruit during summer.
Measuring the development of innovations districts through performance indicators: 22@Barcelona Case
Authors: Rapetti Carina , Pareja-Eastaway Montserrat , Pique Josep Miquel , Grimaldi Didier
Published: July 2022

Innovation Districts are rising as the banners of the new urban, economic, and social paradigm and as a solution to the renaissance of inner cities since they expedite the creation and commercialization of new ideas which leverage the city goals and its technologic and economic attributes. The configuration of accurate indicators to measure the degree of achievement of the innovation district goals is one of the main requirements to ensure district proper development. Even when the study of innovation districts is a topic that is increasingly under study, little is still known about the insight, and it is still needed tools that favor their evolution and development. The aim of this paper is two-fold: on the one hand, it seeks to collect and analyze the indicators that have been used in literature to measure the degree of maturity over the course of the 20-year existence of the 22@Barcelona, an area of innovation that transformed an old industrial district into a knowledge-based one. On the other hand, guided by the four dimensions of the Knowledge Base Urban Development theory and the main actors that make up Triple Helix approach, the paper designs a framework of indicators in the four spheres that shape the regeneration of the district, that is, urban, economic, social and governance. As we shall see, a total of 47 indicators are proposed, indicating for each of them: the environment in which it is applied, the main purpose to which it responds, and the main actor with the greatest power of action over it.
Centech, a world-class business incubator based in the Montréal innovation district, inspired by Barcelona 22@
Authors: Cohendet Patrick , Chenier Richard , Simon Laurent , Stojak Lucy
Published: July 2022

The objective of the paper is to highlight the process behind the design and development of Centech, a world-class incubator located in Montreal and recognized as one of the most successful university incubators in the world. Centech is housed in a cultural heritage building, the old Dow Planetarium, situated in the heart of the innovative district of Montréal, the “Quartier de l’innovation” (QI). Based on a methodology using different sets of data (interviews, series of reports made for the Montréal-Barcelona Summer School on Management of Creativity and Innovation, etc.), the paper shows how the development of Centech was in large part inspired by 22@Barcelona. The conclusion highlights the importance of an iconic collaborative place in the building of a local ecosystem of innovation.
The Exploration and Practices of TusPark in Promoting Business Incubation and Industrial Development
Authors: Wang Jiwu
Published: July 2022

As a new platform for innovation, China's national university science parks gather a wealth of resources for innovation.  They are not only the carriers of new knowledge, technologies and systems, but also that of new cultures. As one of the first batch of national university science parks in China, TusPark, which is backed by Tsinghua University with the active participation of varied entrepreneurial, R&D and financial institutions, has basically developed an ecological network for innovation that is distributed throughout the country. It has become an important platform for further transformation of the scientific and technological achievements of universities, as well as promoting the development of strategic emerging industries.
Focused on TusPark’s functions and roles in advancing startup incubation and industrial development, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of TusPark’s developmental path, with research based on interviews conducted with people involved in TusPark’s construction and operations, as well as reviewing the developmental history and models of global university science parks with international perspectives and extracting TusPark’s unique developmental path and model. The aim of this paper is to  analyse how TusPark, as the science park of China’s top university, blazed a trail for business incubation and industrial development. The paper presents some typical cases and explains TusPark’s major models for business incubation and industry cultivation. It also discusses the main factors of TusPark’s success and explores its approaches for encouraging future development under new domestic and international circumstances.
 
This article is mainly divided into two parts: The first part mainly introduces historical background, main functions, operation mode, core achievements, success factors and future development prospect of TusPark; the second part briefs planning, construction and the operation management organization TusPark - Tus-Holdings Co., Ltd., including the company's founding background, development history, equity structure, management team and other basic information, as well as the original business model by TusHoldings, that is, building an innovation ecosystem with features of TusHoldings through the "multi-dimensional triple helix" model of government-enterprise-university, park-industry-finance and technology-capital-industry; and the ways to enhance core competitiveness of TusHoldings by building global innovation network, vertical incubation system and innovative industrial clusters.
Large-field lattice structured illumination microscopy
Authors: Zheng JuanJuan , Fang Xiang , Wen Kai , Li Jiaoyue , Ma Ying , Liu Min , An Sha , Li Jianlang , Zalevsky Zeev , Gao Peng
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we present large-field, five-step lattice structured illumination microscopy (Lattice SIM). This method utilizes a 2D grating for lattice projection and a spatial light modulator (SLM) for phase shifting. Five phase-shifted intensity images are recorded to reconstruct a super-resolution image, enhancing the imaging speed and reducing the photo-bleaching both by 17%, compared to conventional two-direction and three-shift SIM. Furthermore, lattice SIM has a three-fold spatial bandwidth product (SBP) enhancement compared to SLM/DMD-based SIM, of which the fringe number is limited by the SLM/DMD pixel number. We believe that the proposed technique will be further developed and widely applied in many fields.
Plasmonic fiber-optic sensing system for in situ monitoring the capacitance and temperature of supercapacitors
Authors: Qian Siyu , Chen Xinlong , Jiang Shiyu , Sun Qiang , Chen Xuefeng , Lu Jinxin , Geng Yikai , Duan Musen , Li Xiaoyou , Liu Shengchun
Published: July 2022

Compared with ex situ measurement, the in situ measurement is more suitable for inspecting complex electrochemical reactions and improving the intelligent energy storage management. However, most of the in situ investigation instruments are bulky and expensive. Here we demonstrate a miniaturized, portable, and low-cost fiber-optic sensing system for in situ monitoring the capacitance and temperature. It can help evaluate the self-discharge rate in supercapacitors (SCs). The fiber-optic sensing system with two probes are implanted inside the SCs to monitor the capacitance and temperature, respectively. The dual fiber-optic probes can work independently and avoid cross-interference through structure design. The fiber-optic localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) probe near the electrode surface can detect the capacitance in real-time by monitoring ion aggregation on the opposite electrode. The fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) probe encapsulated in the thermosensitive liquid can independently detect the temperature change. The measurement uncertainties of the two sensing probes are 5.6 mF and 0.08 ℃, respectively. The proposed tiny and flexible fiber-optic sensing system provides a promising method for in situ monitoring the critical parameters. It is also a powerful tool for investigating electrochemical reactions in various energy storage devices.
Crosstalk suppression for high-density traveling-wave MZM array based on static and dynamic combined analysis and circuit-level designs
Authors: Ji Pengfei , Lin Wenmiao , Zhang Wenjia , Xu Shi , Luo Zhang , Lai Mingche , Wang Qin , He Weifeng
Published: July 2022

Electrical crosstalk severely degrades the performance of Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) array. However, conventional crosstalk suppression techniques incur losses of large amounts of chip area for signal isolation, which becomes a bottleneck of high-density electronic-photonic integrated circuit. In this paper, the electrical crosstalk of Traveling-Wave MZM array is originally analyzed with static and dynamic combined crosstalk coefficients. Circuit-level suppression techniques of differential dual-drive electrode schemes with tightly coupled electrode pairs and a virtual ground structure with full-matching termination circuit are investigated for noise-removing effects. Simulation results show that the dynamic electrical crosstalk coefficient between two adjacent modulators is reduced to below 1.5%, which is five times lower than the baseline. The electro-optical link measurements show that the BER is significantly reduced from 1E-3 to 1E-12 for multi-channel operation, which confirms the effectiveness of the crosstalk suppression techniques.
Two-dimensional silicon optical phased array with large field of view
Authors: Guo Xiangyu , Li Zhen , Chen Haihong , Li Yunlong , Ye Mengyuan , Zhang Xinliang , Yu Yu
Published: July 2022

Optical phased array (OPA) is a promising beam steering component for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems. For most LiDAR applications, two-dimensional (2D, lateral and longitudinal) beam steering with large field of view is required. To achieve large lateral and longitudinal field of view, waveguide with nonuniform spacing and broadband tunable laser source is commonly utilized, resulting in complex structure and high cost. Here, a 2D OPA with large field of view is proposed and demonstrated on the silicon-on-insulator platform. Assisted by an improved optical antenna and polarization switch, lateral and longitudinal steering range could be both significantly improved. The experimental results show the steering ranges are 99.24° × 15.62° and 96.48° × 16.08° for transverse electric mode and transverse magnetic mode, respectively. The proposed scheme provides a promising approach to realize the integrated OPA with large field of view.
FISI: frequency domain integration sequential imaging at 1.26×1013 frames per second and 108 lines per millimeter
Authors: Zhu Qifan , Cai Yi , Zeng Xuanke , Long Hu , Chen Hongyi , Zeng Liangwei , Zhu Yongle , Lu Xiaowei , Li Jingzhen
Published: July 2022

High spatial resolution on the image plane (intrinsic spatial resolution) has always been a problem for ultrafast imaging. Single-shot ultrafast imaging methods can achieve high spatial resolution on the object plane through amplification systems but with low intrinsic spatial resolutions. We present frequency domain integration sequential imaging (FISI), which encodes a transient dynamic by an inversed 4f (IFF) system and decodes it using optical spatial frequencies recognition (OFR), which overcomes the limitation of the spatial frequencies recognition algorithm. In an experiment on the process of an air plasma channel, FISI achieved shadow imaging of the channel with a framing rate of 1.26×1013 fps and an intrinsic spatial resolution of 108 lp/mm (the spatial resolution on the image plane). Owing to its excellent framing time and high intrinsic spatial resolution, FISI can probe both repeatable and unrepeatable ultrafast phenomena, such as laser-induced damage, plasma physics, and shockwave interactions in living cells with high quality.
Polarization multiplexed active mode-locking optoelectronic oscillator for frequency tunable dual-band microwave pulse signals generation
Authors: Yang Bo , Yu Jiwen , Chi Hao , Yang Shuna , Zhai Yanrong , Ou Jun
Published: July 2022

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a polarization multiplexed active mode-locking optoelectronic oscillator (AML-OEO) based on a single dual-polarization binary phase-shift keying (DP-BPSK) modulator for frequency tunable dual-band microwave pulse signal generation. In order to realize mode-locking, two single-tone signals whose frequency are integer multiple of the free spectrum range (FSR) of AML-OEO are applied as active modulation signals (AMSs) at the bias ports of the DP-BPSK modulator. By dividing the AML-OEO into two loops with polarization demultiplexing, both the carrier frequency and pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of the dual-band microwave pulses are independently adjustable. In the experiment, microwave pulses with different PRFs of 162.4 kHz, 324.8 kHz and 812 kHz are generated based on fundamental, second-order harmonic and fifth-order harmonic mode-locking, respectively. In addition, the carrier frequency tunability within 4∼10 GHz is verified by inserting a frequency tunable electrical filter. The phase noise of the generated pulse signal at 10 kHz offset is better than −125 dBc/Hz.
Octave-spanning emission across the visible spectrum from single crystalline 1,3,5,7-tetrakis-(p-methoxyphenyl)adamantane
Authors: Müller Marius J. , Ziese Ferdinand , Belz Jürgen , Hüppe Franziska , Gowrisankar Saravanan , Bernhardt Bastian , Schwan Sebastian , Mollenhauer Doreen , Schreiner Peter R. , Volz Kerstin , Sanna Simone , Chatterjee Sangam
Published: July 2022

Sustainable efficient light emitters based solely on elements-of-hope are needed to replace current compounds based on less-abundant materials. Functionalized diamondoids are a potential solution for this challenge, as a prototypical example offers efficient, octave-spanning emission across the visible spectrum in their single-crystalline form. Its large quantum efficiency increases towards higher-than-ambient temperatures to beyond 7%. The stability beyond 200 °C renders such functionalized diamondoids as sustainable phosphors for LED applications. Detailed structural and theoretical investigations suggest a crucial role of exciton states accompanied by structural modifications (self-trapped excitons) in the emission process.
DBP with modified field intensity averaging for low-complexity digital coherent systems
Authors: Takano Shin , Uenohara Hiroyuki
Published: July 2022

We numerically and experimentally assessed novel optical nonlinear compensation systems and modified field-intensity averaging digital back propagation (mFIA-DBP). mFIA-DBP achieves a higher performance than DBP with lower computational complexity. For the 50 Gbaud-DP-16QAM system in the simulation, a higher performance was obtained by mFIA-DBP with one steps/span (StPS) over DBP with 2StPS. A comparison of the computational complexity in terms of the number of real multiplications shows that mFIA-DBP can compensate for the signal nonlinearity after a 4000 km transmission with 66.5% of the DBP. We confirmed the superior performance of mFIA-DBP in the high-power range and showed that this trend was consistent in experiments with the simulations.
Deep Sea Dances
Authors: Jensen Rebecca
Published: July 2022

Ubiquitously used as an analogy for something we do not understand, the deep sea signifies paradox, terror, hope and potential. Largely undiscovered it is inhabited by our ancestors whom we shared paths with until relatively recently, as we moved towards the beach and they towards the blackness of primaeval night in which the ocean came into being. This text is a form of visual and written notation for Deep Sea Dances, an improvised group work created across 2015–17 and performed in Dance Massive Festival, Melbourne 2017. This notation can be interpreted to re-enact excerpts from the work and can be built upon and developed into something else. Deep Sea Dances developed out of a desire to create a space to share practice and build a common movement language with a group of sixteen peers, balancing what is theoretical with the social and practical and to utilize performance as a means of reflection and a denouncement of political systems that foster binary relations and thinking.
Skinner Releasing Technique: A Movement and Dance Practice, Manny A. Emslie (ed.) (2021)
Authors: Collinson Penny
Published: July 2022

Review of: Skinner Releasing Technique: A Movement and Dance Practice, Manny A. Emslie (ed.) (2021)

Charmouth: Triarchy Press, 300 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-91374-329-1, p/bk, £22.50
USO DE MEDICAMENTOS MAGISTRAIS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL
Authors: Rodrigues Calixto Linhares Isabel , Yakabe Clarice , Chiattone Maria Fernanda , Del Llano Archondo Marcia Eugenia
Published: July 2022

A prescrição de medicamentos magistrais pode trazer muitas vantagens à terapêutica, principalmente em áreas específicas como a neonatologia devido à baixa disponibilidade da forma farmacêutica ideal para as questões clínicas apresentadas por estes pacientes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a prescrição de medicamentos magistrais orais em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal em um Hospital de nível terciário em Neonatologia da cidade de São Paulo. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo,descritivo e retrospectivo, no período de março de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021, analisando as frequências das prescrições de medicamentos magistrais e as classes terapêuticas. Os fármacos mais manipulados em formulações líquidas foram: espironolactona (31,7%), hidroclorotiazida (17,9%), furosemida (14,2%), sildenafil (14,0%), captopril (10,5%), omeprazol (9,7%) e propranolol (2,0%). De acordo com o sistema de classificação Anatômico Terapêutico Químico (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical – ATC), o maior número de prescrições corresponde ao grupo C, doenças cardiovasculares. O estudo mostra a importância da adaptação de medicamentos magistrais na UTI neonatal e portanto, a importância da farmacotécnica hospitalar na neonatologia garantindo a eficácia e segurança dos medicamentos.
End Ecocidal Capitalism or Exterminate Life on Planet Earth
Authors: Satgar Vishwas
Published: July 2022

The South African climate justice movement presents a model for popular revolt against the ecofascist project.
Monolithic, non-iterative and iterative time discretization methods for linear coupled elliptic-parabolic systems
Authors: Mujahid Abdullah
Published: July 2022

We compare four numerical methods for the time discretization of linear coupled elliptic-parabolic systems.

The monolithic method arising from an implicit Euler discretization is the primary method for solving the coupled system.

Accelerated solution via non-iterative decoupling is possible by the semi-explicit Euler discretization, using a novel methodology from related delay differential equations. For poroelasticity, the fixed-stress splitting and undrained splitting methods enable iterative decoupled solves.

We present formulations for the iterative methods in an abstract form and compare through numerical experiments the a priori convergence results for the four methods.
New record of Opuntia microdasys (Lehm.) Pfeiff. (Cactaceae) for the flora of Zimbabwe
Authors: Maroyi Alfred
Published: July 2022

Recent field work in Zimbabwe yielded new records of an alien species, Opuntia microdasys (Lehm.) Pfeiff. (Cactaceae) which is naturalized in central region of the country. This species is native to central, northern and southern America and is commonly used as an ornamental plant in Zimbabwe.
Age partitioned and continuous upper reference limits for Ortho VITROS High Sensitivity Troponin I in a healthy paediatric cohort
Authors: Smith Joel , Karlaftis Vasiliki , Hearps Stephen , Chiriano Angela , Monagle Paul
Published: July 2022

Objectives

In adults, the elevation of cardiac troponin (cTn) above the 99th percentile upper reference limit defines myocardial injury. The use and interpretation of cTn in a paediatric population, however, is difficult given the 99th percentile for different assays is not well established. Using paediatric blood samples from healthy neonates, infants and children we derived continuous and partitioned 97.5th and 99th percentiles for the Ortho VITROS hs-TnI assay.

Methods

A total of 328 samples for infants, children and adolescents aged 0–17.8 years were obtained. Age partitioned reference limits were derived in accordance with CLSI EP28-A3C. Continuous reference limits were established as described previously by the HAPPI Kids Study team.

Results

hs-TnI as measured by the Ortho VITROS Assay is highly elevated above the adult 99th percentile at birth and declines to lower levels within the first 6 months of life. The 99th centile upper reference limit for ages 0–3 months was 72 ng/L (90% CI: 52–91) and 9 ng/L (90% CI: 5.2–17.4) for ages 3 months to 18 years. Continuous upper 99th centile reference limits were comparable.

Conclusions

Partitioned and continuous 99th percentiles for hs-TnI were derived for the new Ortho VITROS assay in healthy neonates and older children. This will assist clinicians to appropriately assess for the presence of myocardial injury in this population.
Diagnostic utility of pleural cell-free nucleic acids in undiagnosed pleural effusions
Authors: Zhao Wen , Cao Xi-Shan , Han Yu-Ling , Wen Xu-Hui , Zheng Wen-Qi , Hu Zhi-De
Published: July 2022

Pleural effusion (PE) is a common sign caused by various disorders. Microbiology, histology and cytology are reference standards for these disorders. However, these diagnostic tools have limitations, including invasiveness, high cost, long turnaround time, and observer-dependent. Soluble biomarkers in pleural fluid (PF) are promising diagnostic tools because they are mininvasive, economical, and objective. Recent studies have revealed that some cell-free nucleic acids (e.g., DNA, mRNA, microRNA, and lncRNA) in PF are potential diagnostic markers for many disorders. Here, we review the performance of PF cell-free nucleic acids for differentiating and stratification of PE.
Applications of polyaniline-impregnated silica gel-based nanocomposites in wastewater treatment as an efficient adsorbent of some important organic dyes
Authors: Khan Mahfoozurrahman , Ali Syed Wazed , Shahadat Mohammad , Sagadevan Suresh
Published: July 2022

Due to a recent lack of clean water as a result of an increasing water demand, new wastewater solutions are required. Many researchers have looked into the removal of organic dyes from wastewater, with adsorption being an easy and effective method for removing organic and inorganic contaminants from contaminated water. Conjugated modified polymers, primarily polyaniline (Pani), have been widely used in the wastewater treatment because of their unique properties, such as easy synthesis, tunable morphology, porous structure, good electrorheological property, biodegradability, and nontoxic nature. Modified surface polymers are more reactive for the removal of dyes from wastewater and have outstanding dye removal capabilities in the wastewater treatment. This review article elaborates on wastewater treatment by utilizing silica gel-impregnated polyaniline nanocomposites as adsorbents. The use of polyaniline-modified silica gel in dye migration behavior to the most suited system for the resolution of co-existing dyes is referred to as the separation of organic dyes from their mixtures. Adsorption of important organic dyes to optimize conditions for efficient organic dye removal and comparison with another commercially available adsorbent. Chemical modification with the introduction of acidic or basic surface functionality could increase cationic and anionic chemical adsorption, as well as charged organic species such as dyes. The carrier is thus obtained with a chelating reagent on the surface of a silica gel after impregnation with polyaniline.
The Holocaust Museum Guatemala: History and Contemporaneity
Authors: del Valle José Ángel
Published: July 2022

Of the six Latin American Holocaust Museums, the one in Guatemala deserves special attention. The other five in Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Costa Rica also remember the Jewish victims of WWII, but in Guatemala there is an emphasis on the so-called “Holocaust by bullets.” At the Holocaust Museum Guatemala, its founders and director devote special attention to the executions by bullets using auditive and visual effects causing a long-lasting impact on the public. Another highlight of this institution is the efforts made by its educative team to inform the audience not only about the Holocaust but also the genocide committed against the Guatemalan native population during the 1980s.
Identifying Supervisory or Managerial Status in German Administrative Records
Authors: Collischon Matthias
Published: July 2022

Information on individuals holding managerial or supervisory positions within establishments is important for various aspects of labour market research. However, identifying managers or supervisors in German administrative records is not straightforward. This paper uses survey information from the Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security (PASS) to predict managerial or supervisory tasks in administrative records that can be used to enhance the identification of managers and supervisors in the Sample of Integrated Labour Market Biographies (SIAB). Furthermore, I provide an applied example in which I calculate gender differences in the probability to hold a managerial position.
Crystal structre of 1,4-bis(bromomethyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene, C12H16Br2
Authors: Song Wenqi , Zhao Mingxu , Zhu Yanfang , Gao Jianjing , Zhao Yuzhen
Published: July 2022

C12H16Br2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.9423(5) Å, b = 4.4163(3) Å, c = 16.8127(10) Å, β = 94.534(4)°, V = 587.87(6) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0376, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1016, T = 173 K.
Prediction of bimodal monsoonal rainfall in the central dry zone of Myanmar using teleconnections with global sea surface temperatures
Authors: Yasuda Hiroshi , Kawai Takayuki , Din Aung , Inosako Koji , Ishiyama Shun , Miyazaki Hidetoshi , Fenta Ayele Almaw
Published: July 2022

In the central dry zone of Myanmar, the mean annual rainfall is less than 1000 mm. Although rainfed agriculture is commonly practiced there, the feasibility of rainfed farming is compromised by the large fluctuations of rainfall and the frequent occurrence of dry years. The monthly distribution of rainfall follows a bimodal pattern. The intensity of the monsoonal rainfall from May to October is characterized by two peaks, an early peak (May-June) and a late peak (August–October), separated by the inter-monsoon (July). The return times of dry and wet years make management of rainfed agriculture problematic. There is very little correlation between the early and late monsoonal rainfall (r=–0.257). However, monsoonal rainfall is teleconnected to sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in certain areas of the Pacific Ocean in real time. Furthermore, at lag times of 6–9 months, there are teleconnections between the early monsoonal, inter-monsoonal, and late monsoonal rainfall and SSTs in certain areas of the Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean. We used an Elman artificial neural network model to predict early monsoonal, inter-monsoonal, and late monsoonal rainfall based on teleconnections with SSTs in the Indian and Atlantic oceans 6–9 months before the rainfall occurred. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and observed rainfall exceeded 0.7 in all three cases.
Living a longer life: unique lessons from the naked mole‐rat blood system
Authors: Andersson Rebecca , Florian Maria Carolina
Published: July 2022

Analysis of functional deterioration of the blood system during ageing has been largely confined to the mouse and human system. In this issue, Emmrich et al (2022) report the first comprehensive characterisation of the haematopoietic system of the naked mole‐rat (NMR), an exceptionally long‐lived rodent, highlighting its unique features and uncovering potential strategies to sustain haematopoiesis during an extended lifetime.
Discontinuous homecoming and community-forging storytelling in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s By the Sea
Authors:   University of Turin, Italy, Mondo Costanza
Published: July 2022

In By the Sea, written by Abdulrazak Gurnah in 2001, the theme of the homecoming is of paramount importance. The trajectory of the main characters’ movement is fragmented and incomplete in the sense that they end up feeling at home in a foreign country rather than choosing their birthplace, Zanzibar. By referring to selected scenes from Gurnah’s narrative, the present paper aims to analyse the images of home portrayed in the novel and the discontinuous character of the homecoming it depicts. In addition, the role of storytelling is investigated so as to show its importance for two related processes: homecoming and community-forging.
The role of the subject «History (history of Russia. Universal history)» in the education of students and cadets
Authors:   Siberian University of Consumer Cooperation, Kokoulin Vladislav Gennadjevich , Ivashchenko Yana Sergeevna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the change in ideas about the tasks of the academic discipline «History» in a modern university compared to the Soviet period, when the teaching of history was of a pronounced ideological nature. As noted in the article, currently the academic discipline “History” performs two tasks: the formation of historical memory and the education of patriotism. However, for a number of reasons, the potential of the discipline “History” was not fully realized for solving educational problems. The authors of the article show the possibilities of using the academic discipline «History» in the organization of educational work not only in extracurricular activities, but also during the educational process. The potential of the educational discipline history for spiritual and moral education and prevention of nationalism and religious extremism is analyzed. The authors come to the conclusion that the educational discipline “History” itself has a significant educational potential, for the use of which in educational process it is necessary to rework the plan of educational work and change the content of the basic course «History».
Preparation of students studying in the learning profile «Speech therapy» to provide speech therapy care to children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors:   Pacific National Universit, Astakhova Yanina Yurievna
Published: July 2022

The article substantiates the preparation of students studying in the field of “Speech Therapy” for the implementation of speech therapy assistance for autism spectrum disorders. Information is provided on the prevalence of diseases of autistic origin and speech diseases that occur in places of increased sensitivity to defects, causing an increased risk of speech therapists developing to work with children of this category. The tasks of providing speech therapy assistance to children with autistic influenza disorders are described, for the solution of which a speech therapist should be ready in his professional activities. The structure of the discipline “Development of speech of autistic children” is revealed. The value of each section studied within the framework of the discipline is argued. The interactive teaching methods used in lectures and practical classes are described. The results of a study aimed at assessing student satisfaction with the quality of preparation for the implementation of speech therapy assistance to children with autism spectrum disorders in their future professional activities are presented.
Inhaled glucocorticoid-induced metabolome changes in asthma
Authors: Daley-Yates Peter , Keppler Brian , Brealey Noushin , Shabbir Shaila , Singh Dave , Barnes Neil
Published: July 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was toidentify dose-related systemic effects of inhaled glucocorticoids (GCs) on the global metabolome.

Design and methods

Metabolomics/lipidomic analysis from plasma was obtained from 54 subjects receiving weekly escalating doses (µg/day) of fluticasone furoate (FF; 25, 100, 200, 400 and 800), fluticasone propionate (FP; 50, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000), budesonide (BUD; 100, 400, 800, 1600 and 3200) or placebo. Samples (pre- and post-dose) were analysed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ions were matched to library standards for identification and quantification. Statistical analysis involved repeated measures ANOVA, cross-over model, random forest and principal component analysis using log-transformed data.

Results

Quantifiable metabolites (1971) had few significant changes (% increases/decreases; P < 0.05) vs placebo: FF 1.34 (0.42/0.92), FP 1.95 (0.41/1.54) and BUD 2.05 (0.60/1.45). Therapeutic doses had fewer changes: FF 0.96 (0.36/0.61), FP 1.66 (0.44/1.22) and BUD 1.45 (0.56/0.90). At highest/supratherapeutic doses, changes were qualitatively similar: reduced adrenal steroids, particularly glucuronide metabolites of cortisol and cortisone and pregnenolone metabolite DHEA-S; increased amino acids and glycolytic intermediates; decreased fatty acid β-oxidation and branched-chain amino acids. Notable qualitative differences were lowered dopamine metabolites (BUD) and secondary bile acid profiles (BUD/FF), suggesting CNS and gut microbiome effects.

Conclusions

Dose-dependent metabolomic changes occurred with inhaled GCs but were seen predominately at highest/supratherapeutic doses, supporting the safety of low and mid therapeutic doses. At comparable therapeutic doses (FF 100, FP 500 and BUD 800 µg/day), FF had the least effect on the most sensitive markers (adrenal steroids) vs BUD and FP.
The Blessed Antonio (Patrizi) from Monticiano, Sienna (Italy): Bioanthropological and Palaeohistological Considerations
Authors: Piombino-Mascali Dario , Zink Albert , Maixner Frank
Published: July 2022

Background: A medieval mummy known as the Blessed Antonio (Patrizi) is held in the church of Saints Peter and Paul at Monticiano, Sienna, central Italy.Objectives: The aim of our investigation was to complete a biological profile of the subject, as well as to assess the impact of deterioration to the concerned remains.Methods: As a follow-up of our bioanthropological, macroscopic approach, two of the samples taken underwent rehydration, fixation, desiccation, paraffin-embedding, and staining according to standard histological techniques applied to mummified remains.Results: The body was determined to be that of an adult male, who showed some pathological changes such as dental calculus and what is suspected to be hallux valgus. The overall preservation of a skin sample revealed damage caused by a post-mortem infestation of insects, while a second, inner sample was identified as lung tissue, and revealed a case of anthracosis.Conclusions: The Blessed Antonio was an adult male, who had poor dental hygiene and was likely exposed to smoke during his lifetime. Damage observed on the remains indicated that a conservation treatment was desirable for the future preservation of the body.
Left Transforming into Right: The Adoption and Interpretation of the Ideas of the Fluxus Movement in Lithuania in the Second Half of the 20th Century
Authors: Zubavičiūtė Dovilė
Published: July 2022

The article examines how the ideas of the left-wing Fluxus movement were accepted and interpreted in Lithuania in the second half of the 20th century. The matter is that alongside unusual ways of artistic expression, the practices called fluxisms transcended the boundaries of the art field. The analysis has shown that the artistic actions and their content at that time, and especially in the 1980s and 1990s, were based on the quotation, adaptation, and use of Fluxus ideas in Lithuania. Freedom, experimentation, and performativity were intertwined with the political revival movement, the mood of national resistance, and the (self-)ironic relationship with the Soviet era. The ideas of the left avant-garde movement were understood and used for national cultural and political purposes during Lithuania’s revival.
Clinical Relevance of Sinus Rhythm Mapping to Quantify Electropathology Related to Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: van Schie Mathijs S , de Groot Natasja MS
Published: July 2022

Progression of AF is accompanied by structural and electrical remodelling, resulting in complex electrical conduction disorders. This is defined as electropathology and it increases with the progression of AF. The severity of electropathology, thus, defines the stage of AF and is a major determinant of effectiveness of AF therapy. As specific features of AF-related electropathology are still unknown, it is essential to first quantify the electrophysiological properties of atrial tissue and then to examine the inter- and intra-individual variation during normal sinus rhythm. Comparison of these parameters between patients with and without a history of AF unravels quantified electrophysiological features that are specific to AF patients. This can help to identify patients at risk for early onset or progression of AF. This review summarises current knowledge on quantified features of atrial electrophysiological properties during sinus rhythm and discusses its relevance in identifying AF-related electropathology.
Análisis funcional de la infraestructura peatonal en el centro histórico de la Ciudad de Matanzas, Cuba
Authors: Sánchez Suárez Yasniel , Quesada Somano Alina Karla , Marqués León Maylín , Pancorbo Sandoval José Armando , Santos Pérez Orlando
Published: July 2022

La movilidad urbana ha experimentado cambios significativos debido a los nuevos requerimientos de distanciamiento social en un escenario COVID-19. La existencia del nuevo producto turístico exige, entre otras cuestiones, que los servicios de infraestructura urbana, en especial en lo concerniente al diseño peatonal de los centros históricos, se modifiquen y reordenen. El objetivo del presente artículo es rediseñar el servicio brindado por la infraestructura peatonal en destinos turísticos cubanos y en especial en sus centros históricos. Los métodos empleados son confección del triángulo del servicio, asignación de responsabilidades, cálculo del ciclo del servicio, análisis de las exigencias técnicas organizativas y cálculo del nivel de servicio proporcionado. Entre los principales resultados se encuentran el rediseño del servicio brindado por la infraestructura peatonal en centros históricos cubanos, la caracterización del nuevo servicio y el cálculo de parámetros para su gestión, la evaluación de parámetros como el ciclo de servicio, estabilidad, fiabilidad y nivel de servicio proporcionado. Al realizar un análisis del ciclo de servicio, se determina que la implementación del servicio presenta una duración de 217 días, la estabilidad se encuentra en valores aceptables para resolver sus problemas de manera prolífera (81,79%), la fiabilidad del servicio ha ido en incremento con la aplicación del procedimiento. El cálculo del nivel de servicio proporcionado es 84,10% por debajo del nivel de servicio fijado en el paso número tres del ciclo de servicio y constituye el punto de partida para la retroalimentación del procedimiento.
Anthropometric, aerobic and muscle power profile of young Costa Rican basketball players
Authors: Gutiérrez-Vargas Randall , Ugalde-Ramírez José Alexis , Pino-Ortega José , Trejos-Montoya José Andrés , Blanco-Romero Luis , Sánchez-Ureña Braulio , Gutiérrez-Vargas Juan Carlos , Rojas-Valverde Daniel
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe an anthropometric, aerobic and muscle power profile of young Costa Rican basketball players according to sex, play positions and age. The assessment was carried outa on 99 young players (43 women and 56 men; 18 guards, 51 forwards and 30 centers; 42 in the U16 category and 57 in the U18 category) from eight different teams. The sports experience of the players was 6.5 ± 3.1 years. The following parameters were assessed: height, weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass and body fat percentage, countermovement test (CMJ) and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level I. The main results showed significantly higher values in men than in women in terms of weight, height, skeletal muscle mass, distance covered in the yo-yo test, VO2max, height in CMJ and in flight time. Body fat percentage was higher in women than in men. Centers showed significantly higher height, weight and body fat percentage than other play positions. Guards and forwards covered more meters in the yo-yo test and showed higher VO2max than centers. No significant differences were found between the U16 and U18 categories in any variable. Regression models showed the influence of weight, body fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass and age on VO2max and CMJ. In conclusion, these indicators varied according to the sex and play position of the players. Additionally, this information will be useful for processes of promotion, development and training design of youth basketball in Costa Rica.