bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal and durability performances of mortar and concrete containing phase change materials
Authors: Drissi Sarra , Ling Tung-Chai
Published: November 2018

Thanks to their latent heat storage, phase change materials (PCMs) continue to attract the interest of many researchers and industrialists. Microencapsulated and macroencapsulated PCMs are generally added directly or immersed into conventional buildings materials to improve thermal inertia and provide a better comfort to users. However, many drawbacks related to PCMs were noticed when they are incorporated into cement-based materials. This paper summarizes previous research concerning the use of PCMs on the thermal, mechanical and durability properties of mortar and concrete. Despite the obvious reduction of the mechanical strength, PCMs are still found to be good candidates to enhance the overall thermal performances of cement-based materials. It is therefore suggested that future researches should focus more on mitigating the impact of PCMs on the mechanical strength in order to gain a wider application of PCMs in concrete building applications.
Effect of binder content and water-binder ratio in mortar developed using partial replacement of cement with palm oil clinker powder
Authors: Sumesh Mathialagan , Alengaram U Johnson , Nayaka Ramappa Ramesh
Published: November 2018

The manufacture of cement leads to almost 5 to 7% of the total production of carbon dioxide which causes greenhouse effect. So, it is vital to replace the ordinary Portland cement by the other binders which have the similar or better properties than cement. Besides, the recent interests on the palm oil industrial wastes in the development of mortar led to research works on usefulness of these wastes in construction materials. The palm oil industry produces many wastes such as oil palm shell, palm oil fuel ash (POFA) and palm oil clinker powder (POCP). In this research work, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of different binder contents, and water-binder (w/b) ratio on the development of mortars. Conventional ordinary Portland cement was replaced with 40% of POCP and the total binder contents of 450, 500 and 550 kg/m3 with w/b ratios of 0.45, 0.35 and 0.32 used. The properties of mortars were evaluated for fresh and hardened properties; XRD characteristic was also studied. Test results showed that the strength of mortar specimens improved as the binder content increased with subsequent decrease in w/b ratio. POCP mortar specimens with binder content of 550kg/m3 with cement replacement of 40% produced 28-day compressive strength of 45.3 MPa, compared to 65.12 MPa for control cement mortar (CM). The value of flow diameter of 40% replacement of POCP mortar was 108.51 mm and this was 16.6% lower compared to control mortar. Though POCP based mortar produced a strength reduction of about 36.6%, its usefulness in achieving acceptable strength and sustainable aspect of reducing 40% of conventional cement could be considered significant.
Functorial compactification of linear spaces
Authors: Kottke Chris
Published: November 2018

We define compactifications of vector spaces which are functorial with respect to certain linear maps. These “many-body” compactifications are manifolds with corners, and the linear maps lift to b-maps in the sense of Melrose. We derive a simple criterion under which the lifted maps are in fact b-fibrations, and identify how these restrict to boundary hypersurfaces. This theory is an application of a general result on the iterated blow-up of cleanly intersecting submanifolds which extends related results in the literature.
Pan-genomic analysis provides novel insights into the association of E.coli with human host and its minimal genome
Authors: Yang Zhi-Kai , Luo Hao , Zhang Yanming , Wang Baijing , Gao Feng
Published: November 2018

Motivation

Bacteria can usually acquire certain advantageous genes that enable the bacteria to adapt to rapidly changing niches, thereby leading to a wide range of intraspecific genome content and genetic redundancy. The minimal genome of Escherichia coli, which is the most important bacterial species, and the association between E.coli and its human host are worthy of further exploration.

Results

We used gene prediction and phylogenetic analysis to reveal a rich phylogenetic diversity among 491 E.coli strains and to reveal substantial differences between these strains with respect to gene number and genome length. We used pan-genomic analysis to accurately identify 867 core genes, in which only 243 genes are shared by essential genes. This analysis revealed that core genes mainly provide essential functions to the basic lifestyle of E.coli, and accessory genes are likely to confer selective advantages such as niche adaptation or the ability to colonize specific hosts. By association analysis, we found that E.coli strains in non-human hosts may more easily utilize foreign genetic materials to adapt to their surroundings, but the population in human hosts has higher demands for the control of population density, indicating that highly accurate quorum-sensing behavior is very important for harmony between E.coli and its human host. By considering core genes and previous deletions together, we proposed a potential direction for further reduction of the E.coli genome.

Availability and implementation

The data, analysis process and detailed information on software tools used in this study are all available in the supplementary material.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
ERA-EDTA fellowship, a ‘bonne opportunité’: the scientific and human experience of a fellow
Authors: Trepiccione Francesco
Published: November 2018

As a fellow of the ERA-EDTA long-term fellowship programme, I spent two fantastic years as a post-doc in Prof. D. Eladari’s laboratory at Inserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Centre. It was a highly formative and productive scientific experience. On a personal level, immersion into the French society and the international environment of the laboratory were added bonuses that enriched my experience. I am honoured to report my experience here from the ERA-EDTA fellowship programme. I hope this will inspire young fellows to apply for such a programme and pursue their career in science. Good mentorship, a passion for scientific investigation and determination are required.
Non-linear multidimensional flow cytometry analyses delineate NK cell phenotypes in normal and HIV-infected chimpanzees
Authors: Manickam Cordelia , Li Haiying , Shah Spandan V , Kroll Kyle , Reeves R Keith
Published: November 2018

Natural killer (NK) cells are primary immune effector cells with both innate and potentially adaptive functions against viral infections, but commonly become exhausted or dysfunctional during chronic diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Chimpanzees are the closest genetic relatives of humans and have been previously used in immunology, behavior and disease models. Due to their similarities to humans, a better understanding of chimpanzee immunology, particularly innate immune cells, can lend insight into the evolution of human immunology, as well as response to disease. However, the phenotype of NK cells has been poorly defined. In order to define NK cell phenotypes, we unbiasedly quantified NK cell markers among mononuclear cells in both naive and HIV-infected chimpanzees by flow cytometry. We identified NKG2D and NKp46 as the most dominant stable NK cells markers using multidimensional data reduction analyses. Other traditional NK cell markers such as CD8α, CD16 and perforin fluctuated during infection, while some such as CD56, NKG2A and NKp30 were generally unaltered by HIV infection, but did not delineate the full NK cell repertoire. Taken together, these data indicate that phenotypic dysregulation may not be pronounced during HIV infection of chimpanzees, but traditional NK cell phenotyping used for both humans and other non-human primate species may need to be revised to accurately identify chimpanzee NK cells.
Single-cell analyses identify distinct and intermediate states of zebrafish pancreatic islet development
Authors: Lu Chong-Jian , Fan Xiao-Ying , Guo Yue-Feng , Cheng Zhen-Chao , Dong Ji , Chen Jin-Zi , Li Lian-Yan , Wang Mei-Wen , Wu Ze-Kai , Wang Fei , Tong Xiang-Jun , Luo Ling-Fei , Tang Fu-Chou , Zhu Zuo-Yan , Zhang Bo
Published: November 2018

Pancreatic endocrine islets are vital for glucose homeostasis. However, the islet developmental trajectory and its regulatory network are not well understood. To define the features of these specification and differentiation processes, we isolated individual islet cells from TgBAC(neurod1:EGFP) transgenic zebrafish and analyzed islet developmental dynamics across four different embryonic stages using a single-cell RNA-seq strategy. We identified proliferative endocrine progenitors, which could be further categorized by different cell cycle phases with the G1/S subpopulation displaying a distinct differentiation potential. We identified endocrine precursors, a heterogeneous intermediate-state population consisting of lineage-primed alpha, beta and delta cells that were characterized by the expression of lineage-specific transcription factors and relatively low expression of terminally differentiation markers. The terminally differentiated alpha, beta, and delta cells displayed stage-dependent differentiation states, which were related to their functional maturation. Our data unveiled distinct states, events and molecular features during the islet developmental transition, and provided resources to comprehensively understand the lineage hierarchy of islet development at the single-cell level.
Postexilic Poetic Traditions in the Writings
Authors: Gillingham S. E.
Published: November 2018

This chapter examines six poetic books, under the headings of liturgical poetry (Psalms, Lamentations), dramatic poetry (Job, Song), and didactic poetry (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes). It assesses, first, the particular features of all biblical poetry, in terms of style and formal structures, and, second, the reasons for ascribing these six books as postexilic works. Each book is then discussed in detail. Particular attention is paid to their poetic style and structures, to their compilation as a whole, and to their reception history: the latter in particular testifies to an ongoing “performative” potential, whether for the synagogue, church, classroom, theatre, concert hall, or as a work of art. The chapter concludes that each book shares several poetic features in common, but what really unites them is their detachment from any single spatial or temporal setting, each being “timeless” as literature and so “universal” in use.
Qoheleth in the Writings
Authors: Gerstenberger Erhard S.
Published: November 2018

Qohelet (Greek/Latin: Ecclesiastes) is a very enigmatic book in the Hebrew Bible. Its critical, sometimes ironic or depressive approach to fundamental values of daily life (property; honor; power; intelligence; reward), however, has antecedents and parallels in Ancient Near Eastern wisdom. Also, it is not foreign to other writings of the Bible. Disconcerting as the absence of JHWH’s name and salvific deeds for Israel may be, the booklet, eventually becoming the festive lecture at the autumnal Feast of Booths, came into being as a textbook in some educational or scholarly institution of ancient Judaism (third century bce), complementing the study of Torah. Vanity and carpe-diem motives permeate the collection. The anonymous author(s) partially speak(s) in the guise of Salomon. Today’s interpretations focus on literary composition, autobiographic experiences of one or more authors, communitarian debate, reactions to historical events or philosophical currents, general skepticism, and eruptive bliss as components of Jewish theology.
Archaeology of the Postexilic Period and the Writings
Authors: Gordon Benjamin D.
Published: November 2018

This chapter provides an overview of archaeological discoveries relevant to ancient Judean life in the postexilic or Second Temple period (late sixth century bce–70 ce). It seeks to provide background information on the main cultural developments that would have impacted the authors and audience of the Writings, both in Judea and Samaria. One such development is Persian provincialization, which had only modest impact on the local economy and culture. Another consists of processes of acculturation to foreign customs in the Hellenistic period, which would remain slow and largely limited to elite circles. Jerusalem’s rise to international status as a Jewish pilgrimage center under Herodian auspices likely impacted the dissemination of local literatures and sacred texts, the Writings among them. Contemporaneous architecture and artifacts from the domestic sphere can speak to religious diversity and local identity politics as the region began to shift its orientation to the West and the economy grew.
Language, Disability, and Breast Cancer
Authors: Ramanathan Vaidehi
Published: November 2018

While previous applied sociolinguistic scholarship has addressed language in a variety of medical and disability-related settings, and while there is now a growing body of research on concerns relating to language and sexuality, discussions about language, disability, and sexuality remain underinvestigated. Focusing on breast cancer, an ailment that affects a sexualized body part, this chapter discusses how patient and caregiver narratives (pathographies) around the condition have crucial implications for concerns about sexuality. In particular, the chapter addresses two metaprescriptive utterances (Lyotard 1984) related to the condition—amputation and prosthesis—with a view to showing how these medicalized terms are singularities that have the power to erase individual voices struggling with the disability of a sexualized body part. This chapter offers an exploration of these concerns to nuance current debates about identity shifts in the contexts of disability and sexuality, while also ushering in concerns about (dis)citizenship.
Reproduction and Language
Authors: Han Sallie
Published: November 2018

The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the importance and necessity of bringing together the considerations of language and reproduction. While other topics of sexuality have aroused interest in sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology, the ideas, practices, and experiences of human reproduction, notably pregnancy, remain understudied. At the same time, a discussion of language has been largely absent from the anthropology of reproduction, which has emerged in the last twenty years as an especially vibrant area of cultural and social study. The chapter examines the metaphors and discourses or the “talk about” reproduction; the interactions and “talk between” people, like pregnant women and medical health care providers, which shapes the ordinary experiences of reproduction; the “talk to” parties (specifically, fetuses and imagined children) who themselves become constituted through talk; and reproduction as literacy event or one that is mediated and experienced in relation to texts. It is asserted that language is a practice of reproduction.
Moving Beyond Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Settle Jaime E.
Published: November 2018

While social media data present a plethora of new opportunities to study interpersonal political communication in ways often not feasible in the study of face-to-face conversations, the vast majority of research to date addresses content solely via data-driven sentiment analysis instead of theory-driven political communication analysis. This chapter argues that a fruitful path forward using textual social media data is to think more seriously about what can be learned broadly about the processes of interpersonal political communication, both online and offline. Social media data can be used to better understand phenomena about which a considerable amount is known, such as opinion leadership and emotional response to elite political communication. These data are also uniquely suited to study phenomena that have been previously unexplored because of a lack of suitable information, such as the operation of emotion in interpersonal political communication.
Gender and Networks in Virtual Worlds
Authors: Benefield Grace , Shen Cuihua
Published: November 2018

Virtual worlds are two- or three-dimensional spaces with multiple modalities in which users can engage in mediated interactions with other users. In virtual worlds, users have the freedom to craft and assume identities that are unburdened by offline biases based on gender, race, and other sociodemographic characteristics. How do men and women build collaborative and socio-emotional relationships in these worlds? Does gender influence social network dynamics online, consistent with offline gender norms? This chapter first offers an overview of gender disparities and social relationships in virtual worlds, followed by a review of the challenges and benefits of the current approaches to studying gender and virtual worlds. Then it provides an empirical research example, situated in the massively multiplayer online game EverQuest II (EQII), focusing on gender and networks of collaboration. It concludes by identifying a few limitations to current approaches and suggesting future directions with digital trace data.
The Art of Listening and Its Histories
Authors: Thorau Christian , Ziemer Hansjakob
Published: November 2018

In the introduction, the “art of listening” is established as a heuristic tool and a historiographical concept with which to study and evaluate the history of music listening. Using Peter Gay’s formulation of the concept as a starting point to reformulate and define the art of listening in a systematic way, the introduction gives an overview of more than two hundred years in the evolution and distribution of music listening by interweaving the twenty-one chapters of the volume. Special attention is given to methodological issues that a history of an invisible and amorphous subject has to face and to establishing a framework for writing such a history.
Amateurs and Auditors
Authors: McGuire Charles Edward
Published: November 2018

Between 1810 and 1835 the British musical audience expanded from the nobility and the gentry to include members of the middle classes. Using the contemporary musical festival as a case study, this chapter examines how the accommodation of this larger, more intellectually diverse audience led to an early manifestation of the modern concert-listener. This development is explored in terms of factors that aided in the creation of a physical or intellectual “listening space.” These aspects include physical structures (stages, galleries), educational structures (histories of musical festivals, commentaries for training listeners), and linguistic structures (new terms to describe listening processes). As this chapter reveals, these structures solidified a common listening experience for the larger audience, while reinforcing class distinctions within it.
The Crisis of Listening in Interwar Germany
Authors: Ziemer Hansjakob
Published: November 2018

This chapter analyzes why concert reformers in interwar Germany associated practices of listening with the notion of crisis and how this notion was affected by political, social, and economic changes. It also asks whether this period was, indeed, a watershed in the history of music listening. Starting with Adorno’s various descriptions of listening in crisis, the chapter traces the discourses and practices of listening in his hometown of Frankfurt am Main in order to show how manifest and perceived notions of crisis were used to legitimize traditions of listening and to invent strategies to counter their alleged decline. Using journalistic accounts and other contemporary sources, this chapter aims to reconstruct the perspectives of listeners and situate concert-hall experiences in their historical and cultural context.
Music in the Air—Listening in the Streets
Authors: Morat Daniel
Published: November 2018

The history of music listening has focused mainly on art music and the cultivated listeners of the educated classes. But the nineteenth century saw not only the rise of concert music and its middle- and upper-class audiences, it also witnessed the “popular music revolution” in European and North American cities and metropolises. By drawing on the example of turn-of-the-century Berlin, this chapter explores the place of popular music within modern urban leisure culture. The chapter investigates the different venues and locations in which popular music was performed and consumed (dance halls, café terraces, amusements parks, street corners, and so on). Then it focuses on the ways in which popular music was listened to and appropriated by urbanites and how these urban-listening habits facilitated the process of mental adaptation to big-city life and the development of a metropolitan mentality.
Listening and Possessing
Authors: Maus Fred Everett
Published: November 2018

How do people relate to the music they value? Listening is a central relation, but there are many others. As Charles Keil observed, people may find music, be invaded by music, use music, participate in music, and so on. This chapter explores a relation that may be called possessing music or owning music. Theodor W. Adorno and Simon Frith both emphasized such relations in the context of their very different accounts of mass-media music. A psychoanalytic approach, drawing on the ideas of Melanie Klein and D. W. Winnicott, clarifies the nature of these relations. A close reading of ethnographic interviews from the collection My Music shows some of the specific forms that such relations can take, which are different for every individual.
Is Listening to Music an Art in Itself—or Not?
Authors: Gratzer Wolfgang
Published: November 2018

This chapter discusses features of the extensively used attribution “art of listening” in contexts of therapy, partially New Age–like capacity building, sociology, and music. The second section comments on the relationship between music listening and music appreciation. The key assumption discussed is that understanding (described as a process of relating oneself to something or somebody) unfolds as activities that can be increased respectively between four poles: creating meaning, making music, generating emotion, and deepening reflection. Finally, the chapter returns to the question: Is listening to music an art—or not? Agreeing with Adam Heinrich Müller’s assumption that “the art of listening” stands for creating meaning autonomously, this question is answered in the affirmative.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Lerner Matthew D. , Rosen Tamara E. , Kang Erin , Keifer Cara M. , Gerber Alan H.
Published: November 2018

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition consisting of deficits in social communication and presentation of restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. An increasingly large proportion of youth are diagnosed with ASD. ASD evinces a complex clinical presentation, ranging from a severe early impact on functioning to manifestations that present similarly to other (often comorbid) internalizing and externalizing conditions. In recent years, the reliability and standardization of ASD assessment has improved considerably. Likewise, there is now a fairly wide range of treatment options and prognoses, with several psychosocial interventions attaining empirically supported status and a nontrivial percentage of youth with ASD showing significant symptom reduction over time. This chapter describes ASD and reviews key empirically supported assessment and intervention practices. A case example is presented of an adolescent with ASD. Finally, challenges and future directions are described, as are implications for clinical practice for youth with ASD.
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Woodberry Kristen A. , Kline Emily , Giuliano Anthony J.
Published: November 2018

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) are among the most serious and complicated psychiatric disorders, particularly in children and adolescents. They have a major impact on all aspects of functioning, including family and social relationships, school, work, and self-care. While schizophrenia tends to develop in late adolescence and early adulthood, nonspecific abnormalities, prodromal symptoms, and a significant proportion of its incidence unfold before age 18. It behooves child and adolescent clinicians to be knowledgeable about and alert to the range of SSD clinical presentations. The chapter reviews the current state of the literature regarding the phenomenology, epidemiology, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of SSD within a developmental and systems framework. Although both evidence-based and promising practices are presented, these are all too often drawn from the adult literature, underscoring the pressing need for progress in developmentally sensitive assessment and treatment research with this population. Practice implications and future directions are briefly discussed.
Bipolar and Related Disorders
Authors: Black Sarah R. , Fristad Mary
Published: November 2018

Bipolar disorder (BD) in children has received considerable research and clinical attention in the last two decades and remains a challenging disorder to diagnose and treat. This chapter begins by describing the diagnoses included under the bipolar and related disorders section of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and providing guidance regarding developmental differences in symptom presentations and differential diagnosis. It then provides a brief overview of risk factors for bipolar disorder, including genetic, neurobiological, and psychological factors. Assessment tools designed to aide clinicians in diagnosing pediatric bipolar disorder are reviewed, as are empirically validated psychopharmacological and psychosocial treatments. A case example highlights the use of these tools and treatment approaches; finally, directions for future research are discussed.
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Authors: Feldman Talya , Runfola Cristin D. , Lock James
Published: November 2018

Eating disorders are severe, life-threatening psychological disorders that frequently manifest in children and adolescents. This chapter provides an overview of the prevalence, epidemiology, assessment, and treatment of the six child and adolescent feeding and eating disorders covered by the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: pica, rumination disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and other specified feeding or eating disorder. Existing research is limited, but the most evidenced treatments, depending on disorder, are applied behavioral analysis; individualized behavior plans; family-based therapy; cognitive behavioral therapy; and self-help. Given the limited number of randomized controlled studies and the moderate (at best) recovery rates, future research should investigate possible adjunctive treatments (i.e., cognitive remediation therapy, dialectical behavior therapy); adaptations for specific populations; and dissemination and implementation improvements (i.e., phone or Internet delivered interventions).
Gender Dysphoria
Authors: Steensma Thomas D. , Wensing-Kruger Annelijn
Published: November 2018

Gender dysphoria refers to the distress that is the result of the incongruence between one’s gender identity and gender assigned at birth. Feelings of gender dysphoria can be present in individuals of all ages; the need for clinical attention and the aim of counseling however is different for children, adolescents, and adults. This chapter focuses on gender dysphoria in children and adolescents. It starts by introducing the phenomenon of gender dysphoria, descrfibing the way it is diagnosed and the prevalence. In addition, based on what is known from the literature, the assessment and counseling approaches in children and adolescents with gender dysphoria are described and discussed.
Children and Adolescents With Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors
Authors: Foster Cynthia Ewell , Yeguez Carlos E. , King Cheryl A.
Published: November 2018

Suicide is the second leading cause of death for youth ages 10–19 in the US, with rates on the rise despite a surge in prevention and advocacy initiatives over the last decade. Suicide risk factors may include demographic characteristics, as well as clinical, family, and contextual factors. Best practices in screening and risk assessment and a variety of prevention strategies are reviewed, including universal, selected, and indicated prevention approaches. The evidence for psychosocial and psychopharmacological treatments and crisis intervention strategies is reviewed. The suicide prevention field faces a number of research challenges, including the need for studies with sufficient statistical power, risk management considerations, and a growing understanding of the heterogeneity of youth at risk for suicide. Future directions include continued research collaborations, development of adapted/tailored screening and intervention approaches that account for youth heterogeneity, and the dissemination of suicide-specific evidence-based practices within healthcare and other youth-serving agencies.
Classification and Diagnosis of Psychopathology
Authors: Muris Peter
Published: November 2018

This chapter deals with the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology in children and adolescents. An overview is given of the most prevalent mental health problems in youth that can be classified according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Methods are then described that can be employed to classify psychopathology in youth in terms of DSM nomenclature. Next, the pros and cons of the DSM classification system are discussed, after which a number of alternative ways that can be employed to classify psychopathology are addressed. These include the Research Domain Criteria framework and the complex network approach.
Outpatient Settings: The Collaborative Role of Psychiatry and Psychology
Authors: Freidl Eve K. , Hoffman Lauren J. , Albano Anne Marie
Published: November 2018

Best practices in child and adolescent mental health often point to multimodal treatments for moderate-to-severe distress and impairment in functioning. Mental health professionals, however, are not often experienced in recognizing and addressing various factors that promote or impede effective collaboration by clinicians of diverse training or orientation. This chapter presents the role of child psychiatrists in working within a collaborative care model with clinical child and adolescent psychologists. Discussed are the benefits and barriers to collaborative clinical care, strategies for addressing sometimes complex administrative issues, and models for promoting professional development and supervision within a collaborative care team. Optimizing patient benefits and reducing risk are key positive outcomes in productive collaboration between medical and psychosocial treatment providers.
Cognitive Training and Technology in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents
Authors: Lazarov Amit , Segal Adva , Bar-Haim Yair
Published: November 2018

Cognitive training approaches in the treatment of pediatric psychopathology rely on the identification of specific aberrant cognitive processes that could be targeted for rectification via training. Such processes include threat-related attention and interpretation, working memory, and emotion recognition, among others. A selective review is given of mental processes that have been identified as potential targets for psychological treatment and the technologies that could be harnessed for such therapeutic targeting. Implementation of cognitive training procedures in the treatment of children, adolescents, and adults is described, and their clinical efficacy is evaluated. Recent technologies harnessed for the implementation of cognitive training protocols, such as eye-tracking, virtual reality, and neuromodulation, are described and their potential applications in novel therapeutic procedures and in improvement of extant cognitive training protocols are discussed.
The New Frontier: Dissemination of EBTs and Beyond
Authors: Chorpita Bruce F. , Becker Kimberly D. , Higa-McMillan Charmaine K.
Published: November 2018

This chapter outlines challenges to the successful dissemination of evidence-based treatments and to the realization of a broad public health impact of scientifically informed treatments. Themes include focusing on treatment designs, service systems, and training models that emphasize flexible interfaces for individual differences and exception management routines for real-time challenges. Examples include (a) modular treatment systems that balance laboratory-derived structure and expertise with real-time feedback, client input, and supervisory guidance; (b) service systems to accommodate youth for whom no evidence-based treatment is available or one has failed to achieve the intended benefit; and (c) training models that allow multiple starting points and pathways or strategies to achieve competencies across many evidence-based treatments. It is contended that the field must adopt new architectures in these areas to retain the many gains made by the proliferation of evidence-based treatments while also advancing the ability of evidence to guide practice in working systems.
Developmental Issues in Assessment and Treatment
Authors: De Los Reyes Andres , Augenstein Tara M. , Lipton Melanie F.
Published: November 2018

Clinicians and researchers who work with children and adolescents (i.e., youth) have long known of the value of collecting clinical reports from multiple informants. Along with youth self-reports, a number of significant others in lives of youth can provide reliable and valid reports about youth mental health problems. However, these informants’ reports often yield discrepant conclusions about both the presence of problems and treatment response, and only recently have controlled laboratory studies directly tested the idea that these discrepancies may yield valuable information on individual differences in youth’s clinical presentations. Consequently, clinicians and researchers continue to encounter uncertainty about constructing treatment response assessments. This chapter discusses key developmental considerations when constructing treatment response assessments; future research directions are highlighted for decreasing the uncertainty that clinicians and researchers currently face with selecting, using, and interpreting multi-informant assessments when treating youth.
Research Methodology in Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology
Authors: Comer Jonathan S. , Bry Laura J.
Published: November 2018

To continue to move the field of clinical child and adolescent psychology forward, researchers must systematically rely on research strategies that achieve favorable balances between scientific rigor and clinical relevance. This chapter presents an overview of modern methods and considerations that maximize both rigor and relevance in the evaluation of child and adolescent treatments. This research methodology chapter is organized around the four stages of a clinical trial: (a) planning a clinical trial; (b) conducting a clinical trial; (c) analyzing trial outcomes, and (d) reporting results. Sample selection, random assignment, control condition selection, treatment integrity, missing data, clinical significance, treatment mechanisms, and consolidated standards for communicating study findings to the scientific community are addressed. Collectively, the methods and design considerations detail modern research strategies for the continually evolving science of clinical child and adolescent psychology.
You’ve Got to Sell It!
Authors: Schupp Karen
Published: November 2018

This chapter explores the interplay between what is sold, bought, and invested in at dance competition events. Dance competitions, which focus on contemporary, jazz, tap, hip-hop, and ballet, and attract thousands of competitors, most of whom are adolescent girls, operate on a “pay to dance” system. Using a qualitative research approach and a theoretical framework rooted in literature on the construction of bodily ideals, the dancer’s contributions to contemporary dance practices, the formation of dancing communities, and dance learning in relation to ideas of conspicuous consumption and the experience economy, the chapter demonstrates that dance competitions offer adolescent dancers a meaningful venue through which to perform, build community, and nurture transferable proficiencies. Although not explicitly “for sale,” these qualities provide an understanding of why competitors “pay to dance.”
You Can’t Outdo Black People
Authors: Borelli Melissa Blanco
Published: November 2018

This chapter focuses on a viral video featuring commentary playing over an episode of the US syndicated show Soul Train. The particular queer black commentary in the video addresses the outfits, dances, and individual expression of each dancer as she or he struts down the line. At one point, narrator Darrell Hunt proudly states, “You can’t outdo black people!” What is it that cannot be outdone? What types of pleasures, affective expressions, and collective structures of feeling emerge from the witnessing and circulation of this viral video? Part of the discussion addresses how such communities celebrate blackness as something of value, worth collecting, and competitively viable. Hunt’s affective analysis of the black bodies dancing is particularly relevant given the recent #BlackLivesMatter movement and the continual devaluation of black bodies globally. If neoliberalism celebrates competition and individuality, how does black collective pleasure, mediated through a queer aesthetic and affective lens, actually out-do the emotionally devastating effects of capitalism?
Man and Money Ready
Authors: Masten April F.
Published: November 2018

That dancing was part of antebellum America’s rough-and-tumble world of sport is little known today, but scores of men and women made their names and livings by challenging each other to jig, hornpipe, and even ballet competitions. Jig dancers earned continental reputations as artists and athletes by matching up in scored bouts for hefty purses, silver belts, and side bets. Champion dancers gained large followings as they met in local taverns or toured circus and theater circuits. This chapter argues that challenge dancing thrived in the 1840s and 1850s because it tapped into trends and traditions popular among whites and blacks of both sexes. Challenge dancers engaged in trials of skill, combined Irish and African steps, emulated boxers, wore blackface, copied danseuses, and exploited the popular press. In the process, they transformed a local entertainment into a marketable, media-driven profession with national, and even transnational, appeal.
Introduction
Authors: Dodds Sherril
Published: November 2018

The introduction outlines the myriad ways in which competition impacts dance, and how dance moves through and in response to this framework of aspiration, judgment, and worth. It considers the implicit competition on the concert stage as dancers compete to secure positions in prestigious companies and choreographers hustle to attract audiences and secure funding; the one-upmanship that emerges through the informal contests of social dance practice; the ubiquity of dance competition scenarios on the popular screen; as well as formal dance competitions with judges, prizes, winners, and losers. The introduction notes how dance is embedded within a neoliberal economy that favors individual success and free-market competition; yet it also argues that models of competition exist that are community-oriented, and that dancing bodies can employ tactics of resistance or critique through moving in ways that reveal and undermine the power structures of competition.
Endangered Strangers
Authors: Wilbur Sarah
Published: November 2018

The project of tracking competitive advantages in US federal dance funding is complicated by the historically partial, contingent, and indirect character of government support for the arts in US culture. Rather than discussing grant competition strictly in terms of who won the funds, this chapter offers a comparative analysis of early and recent funding infrastructures at the US National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), the lone arts philanthropic arm of the US federal government. By following the political rationales of NEA key players and the institutional rhetorics, programs, and governmental procedures that set these agendas in motion, one can better attend to which competitors hold advantages in the millennial turn toward art as an investment yielding economic deliverables, a far cry from the NEA’s early promotion of cultural preservationism, defined through the narrow production curricula of concert dance.
Reappropriating Choreographies of Authenticity in Mexico
Authors: Hellier-Tinoco Ruth
Published: November 2018

This chapter discusses five case studies of dance competition contexts in Mexico, between 1931 and 2016. The Dance of the Old Men (La Danza de los Viejitos) from the Island of Jarácuaro, Lake Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico, forms the focus. After being appropriated through postrevolutionary governmental processes of nation building in 1923 and simultaneously utilized as an embodiment of Mexicanness for the ever-expanding tourist industry, the Dance of the Old Men has been a corporeal icon of tradition, authenticity, and Indigenousness. Competition environments have enabled the fixing and dissemination of this dance and, in later contexts, the reappropriation of concepts of “tradition.” The five examples include the Cultural Missions; publications for national boarding schools; Night of the Dead entertainment for international and national tourists; locally organized National Indigenous Institute contests; and the Zacán Artistic Contest of the P’urhépecha People.
The International Dancehall Queen Competition
Authors: Monteiro Celena
Published: November 2018

This chapter studies the contemporary performative feminine identities present at the annual International Dancehall Queen Competition, which takes place in Jamaica. It identifies the Dancehall Queen style as a fundamentally postcolonial feminist practice and investigates the relationship between these Jamaican underpinnings and the competition’s more recent international developments. A competition for visibility between divergent images of the Dancehall Queen icon is identified, and examined, in relation to postcolonial and radical feminist discourses. The analysis pinpoints the event as a meeting point where the politics of postcolonial and transnational feminine identities coincide. It is argued that the increasing variety of Dancehall Queen styles reinforces the notion of “boundarylessness” (Niaah 2010) in the scene, through the very contradictions, provocations, and challenges that these developments produce.
“The Songs Are Alive”
Authors: Jaakola Lyz , Powell Timothy B.
Published: November 2018

“The Songs are Alive” recounts the digital repatriation of Frances Densmore’s audio recordings of Ojibwe/Anishinaabe songs that were originally made on wax cylinders in the first decade of the twentieth century and are held by the Library of Congress. Powell, a digital humanities scholar at the University of Pennsylvania, discusses the process of creating a database that converted a huge digital file of undifferentiated songs into individual recordings given cultural context by Densmore’s remarkably detailed ethnographic descriptions. Jaakola, the director of the Ojibwemowining Center at Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College, writes about bringing the songs back to life by carefully circulating them through the community, identifying culturally sensitive songs, and making new recordings of the songs deemed suitable for the public by working with elders and youth. The songs are now being used by Ojibwe communities in the Great Lakes region for cultural and language revitalization as well as in Minnesota public schools.
Repatriating the Alan Lomax Haitian Recordings in Post-Quake Haiti
Authors: Averill Gage
Published: November 2018

Alan Lomax’s Haitian recordings, 1936–1937, rediscovered in the Library of Congress Archives of Folk Culture in 1999, were edited to produce a boxed set in 2009, with the intention of repatriating the set and eventually the entire corpus of 1,500 recordings and six films to Haiti. This chapter charts the process and the problematics of curating the box set as well as repatriating the archives in the face of the massive 2010 earthquake in Haiti. It discusses the challenges inherent in the large repatriation team assembled by the project’s funders. It also looks at the impact of such recordings on the personal, familial, and religious levels, as the “voices of ancestors” return to their homeland.
Water for Coffee
Authors: Schluter John
Published: November 2018

Globally, around one in three people are coffee drinkers. Demand is growing, particularly in emerging markets and coffee-producing countries. In mature markets interest in ‘sustainability’ as part of the coffee experience is high and profitable to the trade. There is some divergence, however, between perceptions of sustainability as marketed to consumers and the complex, context-specific challenges of sustainable production. Most coffee is rainfed and draws similar volumes of (green) water to the surrounding mountain forests, meaning that coffee production has little net impact on the catchment hydrology. However, if irrigation is used then water is lost from the catchment. If the crop is wet-processed, then water is used and usually returned to the catchment in polluted form. This chapter reviews coffee production in Brazil, Vietnam, and Columbia. Speculation on coffee in global markets can be levied to fund sustainability initiatives, thus internalizing the diverse environmental costs associated with coffee production.
The Water Infrastructure Crisis
Authors: Riddell Phil
Published: November 2018

A widely acknowledged underinvestment in infrastructure for the agricultural water management and service delivery sectors represents an increasingly serious constraint on global water and food security. This chapter explores the implications and reasons for this, before going on to suggest where the low-hanging fruit might be found and what kind of investments are needed. These involve bulk service infrastructure, natural infrastructure, irrigation schemes and infrastructure needed for adding value to agricultural outputs. Potential and mostly innovative financing concepts are then proposed such as budget support; leverage financing (ie the public financing of infrastructure needed to attract larger private investments in ventures that use the public infrastructure); blended finance (whereby public investments de-risk revenue risks accruable to provate investments; and a more commercially disciplined approach to multi-sector investments at any scale within a river basin. among which are potential roles for the commercial sector, while noting that the private sector’s perceptions of risks and benefits differs significantly from those of governments and their development partners.
Modelling Agricultural Controls for Flooding and Soil Erosion
Authors: Moussa Roger , Cheviron Bruno
Published: November 2018

Floods are the highest-impact natural disasters. In agricultural basins, anthropogenic features are significant factors in controlling flood and erosion. A hydrological-hydraulic-erosion diagnosis is necessary in order to choose the most relevant action zones and to make recommendations for alternative land uses and cultivation practices in order to control and reduce floods and erosion. This chapter first aims to provide an overview of the flow processes represented in the various possible choices of model structure and refinement. It then focuses on the impact of the spatial distribution and temporal variation of hydrological soil properties in farmed basins, representing their effects on the modelled water and sediment flows. Research challenges and leads are then tackled, trying to identify the conditions in which sufficient adequacy exists between site data and modelling strategies.