bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Literatur Review Perbandingan Metode Pengembangan Design thinking dengan Extreme Programming
Authors: Anggreni Ni Komang Ayu Sri , Sastra Nyoman Putra Putra , Wiharta Dewa Made
Published: January 2024

With the development of applications, both through the web and mobile, applications cannot be separated from human-computer interaction. The ease of using the application is the target of developers to attract users' interest. In this era of globalization, website applications and mobile platforms are the mostly used  for public branding. Application are used to deliver  message through visuals from the appearance of the application. This is inseparable from the User Interface and User Experience. In today pratice, UI/UX designers mostly favor attractive visuals over the essence and purpose of creating a website, creating deviaton at UI/UX theory, design element, and color. it is necessary to design a UI / UX in order to application is attractive and the purpose of making the application is in line with expectations. There are several approaches to application design, one of which is Design thinking and Extreme Programming. This research aims to compare the Design thinking approach with Extreme Programming where the test obtained based on a literature review concluded that Design thinking has advantages in approaching potential users while Extreme Programming is less focused on potential users.
Analisis Komputasi Paralel pada Image Encoding Framework untuk Konversi Citra Data Deret Waktu Sistem Kontrol Industri
Authors: Rahadian Helmy , Wahid Muhammad Rizalul , Arifin Zaenal
Published: January 2024

Sensor pada sistem kontrol industri mengirimkan serangkaian data tiap waktu dikenal dengan data deret waktu ke kontroler. Data memiliki informasi penting bagi kontroler untuk menentukan sinyal kontrol bagi aktuator. Munculnya anomali pada data deret waktu dapat dideteksi dengan metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) memanfaatkan teknik image encoding seperti Gramian Angular Field (GAF) dan Markov Transition Field (MTF). Teknik ini mengubah data deret waktu menjadi citra melalui serangkaian tahap mulai persiapan data, encoding data, dan konversi citra. Pembagian data berukuran besar menjadi sejumlah segmen yang lebih kecil membutuhkan proses encoding dan konversi yang berulang. Proses berulang yang dikerjakan secara serial membutuhkan waktu yang lama sehingga memperlambat deteksi anomali dan tanggapan yang harus dilakukan. Penelitian ini menerapkan komputasi paralel dengan Joblib dan Mpire pada image encoding GAF dan MTF yang disediakan oleh pustaka pyts berbasis Python. Konfigurasi n_jobs menentukan jumlah inti logika CPU yang digunakan untuk mengeksekusi program. Penerapan nilai n_jobs = 8 yang disesuaikan dengan jumlah inti logika CPU komputer penelitian menghasilkan penghematan waktu proses rata-rata sebesar 63% (Joblib) dan 49% (Mpire) yang secara teoritis akan mampu mendeteksi anomali yang muncul minimal tiap 62.73 ms (Joblib) dan 86.20 ms (Mpire) dibandingkan dengan komputasi serial yakni setiap 167.51 ms.
Analisis Efisiensi Energi antara Lampu LED dan Lampu Konvensional (Studi kasus: Pada Hotel Cap Karoso)
Authors: Pramono Lukito , Linawati Linawati , Hartati Rukmi Sari
Published: January 2024

Lampu LED merupakan salah satu contoh metode efisiensi dari lampu konvensional karena hasil efisiensi energinya yang lebih tinggi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan  analisis perbandingan efisiensi listrik antara lampu LED dan lampu konvensional. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari sejumlah lampu yang digunakan pada studi perbandingan lampu LED dan lampu konvensional  pada Hotel Cap Karoso dan diuji dalam kondisi yang sama. Jenis lampu LED yang digunakan adalah recessed downlight, track light, pendant light dan wall scone. Sementara jenis lampu konvensional yang digunakan adalah incandescent, halogen, fluorescent dan HID. Dilakukan perbandingan dan perhitungan dari sisi energi watt dan biaya listrik. Berdasarkan parameter tersebut dapat dilihat energi yang dihasilkan dan biaya yang dibutuhkan dari kedua jenis lampu LED dan lampu konvensional. Berdasarkan perhitungan dan perbandingan kedua jenis lampu yang digunakan, didapatkan perhitungan bahwa lampu LED dapat menghemat energi  dan penghematan biaya sebesar 27%.
RSSI Measurement Analysis of Zigbee-Based Wireless Sensor Networks in Various Topologies for Solar Panel Monitoring
Authors: Setiabudi Dodi , Atmaja Daris Irfan , Herdiyanto Dedy Wahyu , Rahardi Gamma Aditya
Published: January 2024

Abstract— Solar panels require performance monitoring when energy shortages occur in the area. Monitoring solar panels requires a detection device to detect solar panels, including the ACS712 current sensor for monitoring the output current of the solar panel, a DC voltage sensor for monitoring battery performance, and a DHT11 temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the solar panel storage battery. The WSN technology that can work is ZigBee communication. This ZigBee communication research uses various topology methods, including star, tree, and mesh topologies. Solar panel monitoring tests are carried out indoors and outdoors. The ZigBee communication device used is the XBee S2C device, which operates at a frequency of 2.4 GHz. From a comparison of various topologies, the mesh topology is a topology with good performance because it has the characteristic of choosing a router with the fastest path to reach the coordinator. It is proven by monitoring solar panels with an optimal distance of 80 m, which is carried out from outdoors with an RSSI value of -84 dBm, a throughput of 0.55 kbps, and a delay of 2.77 ms, producing power for 150 minutes with an average current of 0.14 A, voltage of 9.86 V, and temperature of 31.48°C. The number of disturbances and weather conditions greatly affect signal propagation, which can hamper the data transmission process. Throughput fluctuates due to uncertain weather conditions, and delay fluctuates due to a lot of interference from other radio signals.

Keyworrds— Wireless Sensor Nirbael (WSN), RSSI, ZigBee, Panel Surya, Thinger.IO
Rancang Bangun Trainer Modul Praktikum Programmable Logic Controller Berbasis Outseal PLC Mega V.3 Standar PP
Authors: Gea Susi Susanti , Rahardjo Pratolo , Nugraha I Putu Elba Duta
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun sebuah trainer pembelajaran dengan menggunakan board Outseal PLC Mega V.3 Standar PP, untuk mendukung praktikum pada mata kuliah Programmable Logic Controller + Lab. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, yaitu perancangan sistem, perancangan perangkat keras (hardware), dan perancangan perangkat lunak (software). Pengujian modul praktikum Programmable Logic Controller + Lab terdiri dari 3 percobaan, yaitu; pengoperasian dasar outseal PLC, gerbang logika, dan bell quiz. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa 3 percobaan pengujian dapat dinyatakan berhasil karena outseal PLC mega v.3 standar dapat melakukan pengendalian untuk menerima, mengirim, dan menyimpan data.
Is my skin not dark too?
Authors: Siallagan Kai
Published: January 2024

Kai Siallagan is a third year History and Global Development Studies Joint Honours student with Certificates in Law, Business, and Indigenous Languages and Cultures. His research interests include labour histories in the Global South, late colonialism in Southeast Asia, and historical processes of racialisation. He is currently pursuing independent research thesis under the supervision of Dr. Awet Weldemichael on the emergence of the Sumatran tourism industry. Beyond academics, Kai is passionate about programming to address barriers for underrepresented and equity-deserving students in academia.
Pemanfaatan Search Engine Optimation Pada Website sebagai Pendukung Promosi
Authors: Maknunah Jauharul , Rahmawati Linda Suvi , Prasetyo Andri , Orbaningtyas Eka Yulia
Published: January 2024

Harian Pagi Memo X merupakan suatu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang Media Online. Harian ini telah memiliki website akan tetapi kurang begitu dikenal oleh masyarakat. Selain itu bagi pengunjung yang pernah membaca media ini belum tertarik dengan konten yang telah dimuat. Konten di Harian Pagi Memo X masih kurang diminati oleh pembaca terutama konten tentang berita. Pembaca yang kurang tertarik dengan konten berita di Harian Pagi Memo X menyebabkan pengunjung website tersebut belum optimal. Selain itu tim redaksi Harian Pagi Memo X juga belum menguasai teknologi informatika untuk mengembangkan media online ini. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) ini sangat dibutuhkan Harian Pagi Memo X untuk menaikan peringkat websitenya guna lebih dikenal lagi di masyarakat. Metode yang digunakakn dalam meningkatkan jumlah pengunjung yaitu dengan menggunakan SEO On Page dan SEO Off Page. Implementasi Search Engine Optimization (SEO) sesuai dengan tujuan perancangan awal, dapat menampilkan data perbandingan pengunjung setelah menggunakan SEO dan dilakukan perhitungan hasil pengunjung website, terjadi peningkatan 87%. Dari hasil pengujian menggunkan GTMetric diketahui score kinerja dari website pada PageSpeed yaitu 34%.
Sistem Informasi Pelaporan Integrasi Pengawasan Badan Usaha Berbasis Web
Authors: Mubarok Adib , Hidayat Ahmad Tri
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masalah yang terjadi pada proses pencatatan laporan yang berhubungan dengan pihak ketiga yaitu badan usaha dengan BPJS Kesehatan KC Pati. Tercatat setidaknya masih terdapat 3 dari 10 pencatatan yang harus dibenahi dan dilakukan pencatatan ulang sehingga memakan lebih banyak waktu dalam penyelesaian laporannya. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut dilakukan analisis dan perancangan solusi yang telah dilakukan pada mata kuliah kerja praktik sebelumnya dan menghasilkan sebuah rancangan sistem informasi pelaporan integrasi pengawasan badan usaha untuk BPJS Kesehatan KC Pati. Rancangan tersebut diimplementasikan pada penelitian proyek tugas akhir yang disusun penulis sekarang. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan penulis dalam pengumpulan data adalah wawancara dan studi pustaka, sedangkan pada proses analisis dan perancangan menggunakan metode perancangan Unified Model Language. Metode pengembangan sistem yang dirancangan menggunakan metode System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Rapid Application Development. Analisis dan perancangan yang dilakukan menghasilkan sebuah rancangan sistem pelaporan secara lengkap dari proses bisnis yang berlaku, alur kerja sistem yang dirancang, blueprint tampilan hingga ke rancangan database yang siap digunakan ketika sistem akan diimplementasikan oleh pengembang dalam bentuk website.  Implementasi dan pengujian sistem yang dibangun telah sesuai dengan proses bisnis yang berjalan pada instansi tempat studi kasus dilakukan. Hasil pengujian sistem yang telah dibangun menunjukkan keberhasilan sistem dalam berjalan sesuai dengan kebutuhan.
Revelations of the Incarnation Vision in Selected Poems of Ibnul-Sabbagh Al-Juthami
Authors: Salim Eman Shail
Published: January 2024

Sufi poetry is one of the literary genres that enriched Arab poetry, its meanings and experiences, by including these poems many mystical terms with special connotations, and pure spiritual experiences that are based on different things derived from the Sufi doctrine that poets employed in their poems.Therefore, this study came to examine the effect of the manifestation of the phenomenon of mystical incarnation in Ibn ul-Sabbagh Al-Juthami's, and the methods he used to express this doctrine, and to reveal the relationship of the doctrine of incarnation to place, and the effect of that on the poetic text, taking into account the statement of what the term is and revealing some of the differences between the two terms: "incarnation" and "mystical union". The paper ends with a conclusion which sums ap the findings of the study.
Professor Younis As-Samarra'i as One of the Pioneers of the School of Editing Iraqi Poetic Diwans
Authors: Abbad Ramadan Saleh
Published: January 2024

Professor Younis Ahmad As-Samarra'i is one of the outstanding professors of Arabic, Abbasid literature at Baghdad University since the beginning of 1970s as a teacher, scholar, editor and author till his death in 2005 in Baghdad. He was concerned with human and intellectual heritage, researching in it, editing and publishing poetry of those poets whose manuscripts have not reached to us like many poets whose works were not collected because their manuscripts were lost., and like many treasures of the Arabian civilization which were lost because of wars, natural catastrophes, political upheavals and other reasons. There was an urgent need, therefore, to collect the uncollected scattered poetry, of outstanding figures who had influenced human thought, from its sources and introduce it to the reading public and to students, scholars and researchers. Such work needs great efforts, knowledge and patience to collect, edit, document, compare, knowledge of the historical background as well as experience in editing the heritage. All this is begun earlier by Professor Younis As-Samara'i after getting his PhD till his death. He has published and participated with many other Arab researchers in producing and publishing classical collections of Arabic poetry. The Iraqi school of editing poetry collections is characterized by effective participation in this regard by publishing hundreds of volumes. Professor Younis alone edited the works of more than twenty poets which accounts as more than twenty per cent of the poetry and prose productions of the Abbasid Period and published them in the outstanding journals and periodical and in separate volumes to enrich the Arabic library in general and the Abbasid library in particular and this will be the concern of this paper.
A Semantic Analysis of Om Ma'bad's Description Of Prophet Mohammad
Authors: Malik Al_Tayeb Muti'a Hamad
Published: January 2024

This paper aims at a semantic analysis of Om Ma'bad'sdescription of Prophet Mohammad, it also attempts to explain the expressions in this description and to show their connotations (the morphological, syntactical and contextual ).The researcher gives a brief biographical note on Om Ma'bad. The study adopts the descriptive analytical method. The paper concludes that Om Ma'bad's description includes many strange expressions which were not so at that time and this is due to the fact that they were Bedouin following their instinct in speech.Om Ma'bad's description of the Prophet was a general description, for she does not describe minute things such as his teeth and hair. He was fifty-three years old when she described him and in spite of that, her description was not different from those who described him in his youth
Quotation is Imam Ash-Shafi'i's Poetry
Authors: Abdul-Razaq Ala' Abdul-Wahhab
Published: January 2024

Quotation is an art which flourished with the rising sun of Islam because it was strongly attached to the Holy Qur'an and tradition. Its beginning to be used in poetry was at the hands of the Prophet's companions and it continued in the succeeding ages.Imam Ash-Shafi'i wrote numerous outstanding poems which were kept in peoples' memory and the researchers should explore their linguistic and rhetorical beauty as well as musicality. It is a fact that researchers have been concerned with his religious writings rather than with his poetry.This paper is an attempt at exploring the art of quotation as it recurred in Arabic writings on rhetorics. Imam Ash-Shafi'i lived in an era of those whose poetry was often quoted and he was a fluent Quraishi Arab whose language was not spoiled by foreign accents. He combined both poetry and principles of Jurisprudence science. The paper concludes that Ash-Shafi'is quotations have their particular nature and they were unprecedented due to influence of Jurisprudence and its rules.
Symbolic Artistry in Dan Brown’s Angels and Demons
Authors: Abdulridha Sabrina Abdulkadhom , Abdulridha Amany Abdulkadhom
Published: January 2024

In a quest of exploring his potentials and developing his personal interests, the young Dan Brown decided to direct his sails toward the world of fiction. After penning several literary pieces, such as Digital Fortress (1998), Angels and Demons (2000) and Deception Point (2001), he succeeded in publishing his groundbreaking thriller The Da Vinci Code in 2003, which quickly captured the eye of many readers around the world. Whether admirers or critics of this famous literary piece, over two hundred million copies were sold out globally for its “twisty adrenaline-fueled yet cerebral” plot (Alter, 2020). He owns a book collection of five thrillers that are labelled as ‘The Robert Langdon Series.’ The first book of this collection is Angels and Demons. It follows up the journey of a Harvard professor named Robert Langdon, who is summoned to unlock the mystery of four missing cardinals who disappeared just before the election of a new Pope in Vatican City was about to take place. With the help of Vittoria Vetra, the daughter of the anti-matter scientist Leonardo Vetra at CERN, Langdon attempts to save their lives. It requires the encryption of symbols and other forms of art to successfully reach the final whereabouts of the cardinals. Their search also implicitly reveals that there is more to
WhatsApp Messenger as a Collaborative Learning Tool during COVID-19 in Iraq
Authors: Sami Afraa Husam
Published: January 2024

In Iraq like in the rest of the world, Coronavirus has produced a downward slope within the economy of the world and produced an enormous effect on the upper education system. The unexpected closing of universities as a social distancing procedure has transferred traditional learning to e-learning. This has thrown the concentration on utilizing online learning tools which may have boundaries of attainability and affordability for many learners. Thus makes teaching faculty should be creative enough to find an appropriate tool to rescue the situation. One of these tools is WhatsApp due to its advantages, especially the advantage of the collaborative feature (which is achieved within a group). This study aims at 1) reviewing the literature and research that talks about the advantages of WhatsApp as a learning tool, especially the advantage of creating a group and its collaborative feature. 2) Focusing on the importance of the WhatsApp group chat as a collaborative learning tool among Iraqi universities students during the pandemic. The study found that Iraqi university students, during the pandemic, preferred WhatsApp group chat because of its advantages, especially collaborative feature. The WhatsApp group helped them in overcoming difficulties of e-
The Shifting of the Critical Criterion from Orientalist Theory to the Modernist Experience
Authors: Hussein Ibrahim Salih
Published: January 2024

This paper deals with the critical approaches that resulted from Orientalist studies. It attempts to shed light on different aspects of Arabic literature and Arabic language as texts and narration and it shows how the critical theory shifted from the Oriental movement to the modernist experience in Arabic literature. The paper concludes that there is an integral relation between orientalism and the modern experiment in Arabic literature
Color in the poetry of Abdul Qadir Al-Hosni
Authors: Nayef Mutaz Nateq
Published: January 2024

The research studies color in the poetry of (Abdul Qadir Al-Hosni) by describing color as an element of the artistic elements of the poetic image, and it has taken from his poetic collections: (As if I see / and a collection that spreads its laundry) as evidence for our search for this poet.
An Analytical Study of Religious Corruption in The Canterbury Tales
Authors: Khuder Sarah A.
Published: January 2024

The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer is written within a narrative framework. It is told by twenty-nine pilgrims who are on their way to visit the shrine of Saint Tomas Becket. The host of the inn decides to go with them, and they tell tales along the way to entertain each other. Although the story is supposed to have twenty-four tales from thirty characters, religion and faith are the most dominant themes in the poem. Corruption of religious men is one of the most important themes in The Canterbury Tales. The characters are corrupted. They are very preoccupied with secular things. They have no time to spend on religious things. This paper aims at investigating the corruption and hypocrisy of characters in The Canterbury Tales. It argues that although some characters in The Canterbury Tales are religious men and women, in fact they are highly corrupted. To test the validity of this proposal, five tales are analyzed.
Factors Affecting Second Language Acquisition: The Role of Personality and Age as a Case
Authors: Hassan Jalal Sa’dullah
Published: January 2024

The paper is to introduce second Language acquisition (henceforth SLA) and second language learning in general and the factors have the impact on SLA as (Cognitive, Affective, and Social factors). It also lays very much emphasis on the role of personality and age, among different factors affecting SLA. In addition, it sheds light on the first language acquisition (hereafter FLA) and how distinct it is with SLA. The present paper aims at introducing the importance of the factors affecting SLA and how pivotal the role of learners’ personality and age is for guaranteeing the acquisition of a second language. There are some problems in the local gap that have not been referring to such as ignorance of teachers about personality types and learners’ age. Teachers may be unaware of personality types and haven’t enough information about developing personalities; for example, introvert and extrovert learners, which is better to acquire a second language. Besides, teachers are probably not taking the age of learners into consideration in teaching English as a foreign language. Students may also not know their exact age or level to acquire second Language.
The Effectiveness of Instructional Design Based on Dual Learning Strategies on Word Recognition
Authors: Salem Khalid Nayef , Yahya Nagham Gadoori
Published: January 2024

This study aims at showing the effectiveness of dual learning strategies on language skills of EFL students. The experimental design of the study involved three groups which are chosen randomly where two are experimental groups and the other is control one. The sample of the study are 1st intermediate class students. The experimental groups are taught by different dual learning strategies , whereas the control group is taught by traditional method of teaching. It is hypothesized that there are significant differences between the two experimental and control groups. The instrument of the study is students’ performance in word recognition test. After collecting data and analyzing them , conclusions are drawn according to the finding of the statistics of the study.
The Reversal of Negro’s Stereotype Image in Audre Lorde’s Selected Poems: A Poststructuralist Study
Authors: Tahseen Ali Noor Al-Huda , Ayyed Omar Saadoon
Published: January 2024

The present study tackles the linguistic creative ability of Audre Lorde’s poetic language to change the concepts and perceptions of Negro image signification. It is a sensitive issue that is affecting the life of African American community, namely the Blacks. The researcher in this study aims for seeking vicissitude and reverse the black image signification to indicate it as a graceful one. Besides, the researcher aims to document the black’s agony out of the dominant conceptions by the harsh white society over them during 1960 and 1970. This is done through selecting poems from Audre Lorde’s ‘’Coal’’ volume as a Data analysis under approaching the poststructuralist Susan K. Langer and her book entitled ‘’ Philosophy in a new key: A Study in the Symbolism of Reason, Rite and Art’’ (1954). Therefore, the paper discusses a rooted and renewed problem, which is judging on skin color. The researcher applies in his investigation a quantitative descriptive methodology that starts with an introduction, literature view, Theoretical background and concepts that are affecting language and black culture in addition to Lorde’s poetic language quality. The study concludes that the signifier is not a must to represent the signified. This is true with Lorde’s call of the black ‘’Coal’, which is a source of fortune and energy, despite being black. Thus, it shows the importance of the self and the black identity.
The Effect of Filter Thought Activities on Iraqi EFL Pupils
Authors: Mousa Nada Ahmed , Badie Muthana Mohammed
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to know the effect of filter thought and their achievement in English on EFL . The sample consisted of 60 randomly chosen from EFL preparatory students in Salaheddin Governorate. The sample is divided into two groups, group (A) representing the experimental group comprising (30) pupils who have been taught according to the filter thought activities. Group (B) signifies the control group which also includes (30) pupils who have been taught according to the communicative method, Both groups have been equalized in such variables as parents' educational level, English scores achievement in the preceding schooling year, and the pre-test of both groups. Questions are composed to combine the post-test. The filter thought activities have been used to confirm the reliability coefficient. The discrimination power and difficulty level for each item has been determined via statistical analysis of the items. The entire sample has been exposed to the post-test as a result. The data gathered from the post-test findings have been statistically examined using the formula for the T-test of two independent and paired samples. According to the results, there is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group who is taught by using filter thought activities, and the control group who is taught by using the communicative method there is also a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre-post achievement test then a conclusions of this study is presented forward.
Using Halliday’s Systemic-Functional Theory in Analyzing Barack Obama’s Political Speech of 2012 Electoral Campaign
Authors: Mahamed Najeba Rashed
Published: January 2024

Language is the finest means of communication that man has ever had, so when people feel the need to express their ideas and opinions to others, they may do so by using it. Such voicing one’s opinion might be done verbally or in writing. being an excellent form of communication because of the shared opinions. Its importance to one’s ability to breathe makes it comparable to the value of a breath. This article analyzes Barack Obama’s political speech from a rally in Columbus, Ohio on October 9, 2012. This study adopts Halliday’s Systemic-Functional Grammar as a methodology to carry out the study. The aim of this study is to identify the linguistic sets made during Obama’s speech to Halliday’s model. A description of the six process-type for identifying the more recurrent processes that president Obama used in his speech. It is concluded that the process types in president Obama’s speech of 2012 manifests that the most recurrent forms are material processes. Through analyzing the parts of the speech, it is shown that Halliday’s theory can be culturally and situationally, and timely applied.
Syntax and Morphology Interface: A Study within Lexical- Functional Grammar
Authors: Hassan Jalal Sa’dullah
Published: January 2024

The present paper is aimed at providing information on the interaction of syntax and morphology within Lexical-Functional Grammar (hereinafter LFG). It is to introduce how c-structure and f-structure as levels of representation in LFG are assigned to sentences in English Language. This paper is also an investigation of how distinct syntactic relations are obtained when changing words or phrases in sentence structures. This is obviously shown in c-structure and f-structure. The former denotes the constituent structure of sentences which entails the composition of words into phrasal constituents hierarchically. Whereas, the latter represents the grammatical relations between the units of a sentence, which includes subject, object, complement, adverbial, and so forth. Further, the aim of the paper is to cast light on different important phenomena that are the principal concern of LFG viz head mobility, passive, and wh-movement. Finally, how changes of lexical forms of processes and participants assign verbs with different functions and changes the structure of sentences.
The impact of technology on Translation
Authors: Tuma Muzdalifa Mustafa , Hamood Fatin
Published: January 2024

Technology development has had a significant impact on translation. This research paper attempts to uncover the impact of technology on translation from translators and translation experts’ perspectives. It explores how translators view the effects of technology on their profession as well as the difficulties they encounter when dealing with such machine tools. An eclectic method is followed in the study, viz., expert interviews and a survey of professional translators, to grasp the attitudes towards technology in the translation industry. The findings show that people in the field of translation inconsistently opine about the current situation and varyingly speculate about the future of the relation between translation and technology. The study reveals that the accuracy of machine translation, the requirement for ongoing learning and training, and some moral issues with the application of translation technologies are the major concerns among human translators.
Assessment of the Translation of Metaphor and Simile in Selected Quranic Verses into English
Authors: Shareef Ola Abdulqader , Sahyoun Mona
Published: January 2024

Translating the Quran enables a broader global audience, including those unfamiliar with Arabic, to connect with its teachings, fostering engagement among individuals from diverse linguistic backgrounds. It employs an elegant approach to elucidate this intellectual concept by employing figurative language to present ideas for better comprehension. The primary objective of this study is to assess the most effective approach for translating figurative language, such as similes and metaphors, found in the Holy Qur'an. Selected translation samples are used to analyze the different techniques applied in translating these elements within the Quranic text. Furthermore, the study seeks to identify processing methods followed by translators when dealing with Quranic similes and metaphors, analyzing them to gauge the level of equivalence between translation techniques and the intended meanings. The analysis is based on three specific translations: Abdallah Yusuf Ali's English translation "The Holy Quran", Al-Hilali and Khan's translation of “The Nobel Quran, English Translation of the meanings and commentary”, and Arthur John Arberry's translation "The Holy Koran". Through a careful examination of selected samples, this study highlights that the chosen translators employ diverse techniques and procedures to convey the authentic meaning of these figurative expressions. However, due to the inherent challenges and obstacles faced when translating similes and metaphors, there are instances where the translators fall short of reproducing the same imagery and impact as the original expression. In essence, they found in the source text.
L’enseignement du vocabulaire en classe de FLF
Authors: Smyan Khaldoon Atta
Published: January 2024

Vocabulary when learning a new foreign language is often taught in class, but this poses problems for learners of all levels. Teachers use different methods but end up at the end of the lesson with a list(s) of words to learn by heart. This study aims to teach vocabulary in the classroom for learners of the French language and to reveal the means and strategies for all learners at all levels. In the beginning, we will present a theoretical part related to knowing words, using words, fixed expressions, playing words, ... etc. to interpret vocabulary and their meanings. Next, we calibrate some techniques and models that aid in the acquisition of new words, enhancing the dynamics of vocabulary learning from activities in textbooks and others created by the teacher and the learners. What remains very important are the steps to take, knowing how and why. Our aim is to study effective strategies for teaching French as a foreign language in the classroom in the Iraqi context. So that learners of all levels can deal with the foreign language and use a rich vocabulary in correct, meaningful sentences. Creating and building, and playing with language, is certainly fun in itself and we can go further than that by knowing how we manage it in the lesson.
Signs of the country in the poems of Qubadi Jalizadeh, an example of the poetry of the martyr walks alone, the gardens of Melek Taus
Authors: Hame Bichkol Mohammed Ahang Shafique
Published: January 2024

The subject of our research is how to refer to the national theme in qubadi Jalizadeh's poems. We have tried to express patriotic thoughts and intentions in all its dimensions within our discussion, as well as in detail the signs by which the poet expresses his mentally distressed feelings for his country. One of the most important points we have reached is that the poet has spoken the most beautiful poem for his country, with a warm and passionate passion, which was a high imagination, a creative thought, an emotion, and a poetic imagination, the family of his simple words, simple expressions, which always carried a national and patriotic message.
The Influence of Non-verbal Communication among University Students on Social Relationship
Authors: Ibrahim Sangar Othman
Published: January 2024

The main aim of the current study is to determine how all types of nonverbal communication including “facial expression, kinesics (gesture), paralinguistic (voice), body language and posture, proxemics (space), eye contact, haptics (touch) and physical appearance” affect university students’ social relationships. The main research questions for the current study are: Do types of nonverbal communication affect university students' social relationships? Should the effects of all types of nonverbal communication be taught at university? In order to obtain data, an open-ended questionnaire is used involving 115 senior students, (60 boys and 55 girls), at Salahaddin, Cihan and Lebanese French Universities/College of Languages/ English Departments. For analysing the obtained data, the researcher used a mixed methods research approach involving both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study concluded that all types of nonverbal communication affect university students’ social relationships, both in university life and in the future. Therefore, the effect of all types of nonverbal communication should be studied and taught at the beginning of university life in order to pave the way for all university students using them correctly and appropriately
The Impact of Microselection and Cooperative Script Strategies on EFL Preparatory School Students' Achievement in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Khalaf Jameelah Razook , Sultan Amra Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

This study aims at finding out the impact of Microselection (MS) and Cooperative Script (CS) on EFL students' achievement in reading comprehension (RC). To achieve the aim of the study, a quasi-experimental nonrandomized control group, pretest-posttest design is employed. Three groups are randomly selected from the fifth preparatory stage in Asma Preparatory School for Girls for the academic year (2021-2022) to represent the sample of the study which is (90) students. The three groups (each group consists of 30 students) are submitted to the same pretest in RC to ensure equivalence among groups. Then the first group is taught according to MS strategy, whereas the second group is taught according to CS strategy and the third one is taught according to the conventional method. After achieving the validity of the test, a pilot study is conducted to (30) students of the fifth preparatory stage /Ali Alhadi Secondary School for Girls. Then the three groups are subjected to the same achievement post-test in RC. The data are analysed statistically by using ANOVA. The results show that there are statistically significant differences between the two experimental groups and the control group in achievement post-tests of RC, in favour of the two experimental groups. The results also show that the second group taught according to CS strategy is better than the first group taught according to MS strategy.
Neil LaBute’s Some Girl(S): A Study of Gender
Authors: Num'an Ina'm Munther , Abdullah Al-Maaroof Ansam Riyadh
Published: January 2024

This paper about Neil LaBute's play, Some Girl(S) tries to reveal the repressive aspect of the male characters' adherence to established gender norms by examining the performance of Some Girl(S). To uncover why the male characters in LaBute's works attempt to conceal their emotional selves, the author analyses them through the lens of Judith Butler and other gender theorists. In general, LaBute criticises conventional performance for stimulating change as a response to the prevalence of dangerous males and the generally negative ramifications of their positions. This change is needed because dangerous males dominate conventional performance. To illustrate this issue, LaBute draws on a substantial repertoire of different methods.
The analysis of critical discourse of Bakhtiar Ali's "The last pomegranate of the world" on the basis of the levels of Furlough’s
Authors: Hama Hamza Hussein
Published: January 2024

This paper is a survey on the novel, “the last pomegranate of the world” by Bakhtiar Ali, based on Critical Discourse Strategies according to Furlough’s the three-layered schema. CDA researchers, do not only focus on formal and semantic aspects of the text but also pay attention to cultural, social and political points, affecting it. Thus, this methodology matches more with surveys on novels the focus of which are social, political cultural, and historical issues. Norman Furlough’s theoretical background is a huge contribution to this field that analyzes texts in three levels of description, interpretation, and explanation. In this paper, “the last pomegranate of the world”, the historical-political novel by Bakhtiar Ali based on this approach has been analyzed in order to shed a light on the writer’s point of view to the creation of the novel’s story and its elements. Moreover, the relationship between the story and the discourse on which the story has been based is analyzed. The three-layered Furlough’s schema focuses on the text, discourse acts, and social acts. So, it has been chosen for this survey. The methodology of the survey would be descriptive-analytical and uses corpus data which is the novel, “the last pomegranate of the world” by Bakhtiar Ali. Finally, the most important theme of the story is opposition to war and a criticism to power, which is affected by special discourse in which text is formed.
The Role of Synonyms and Antonyms in Speaking and Writing
Authors: Saleem Al-Nuaimi Hashim Saadoon
Published: January 2024

The current study is a serious attempt to carry out a comprehensive survey of the research subject heading The Role of Synonyms and Antonyms in Speaking and Writing which is certainly of great importance as the case with the other semantic themes. This research paper discusses a vital area in the English study of semantics. Synonyms are completely different words in s spelling; but they are all alike (or nearly alike) in meaning, whereas an antonym is a word that indicates a meaning as opposed to the meaning of a given word. So the two words are named antonyms to each other. It is anticipated that the present study will be useful for the learners of English in their study, especially, when they communicate or write.
Reflections of Bullying on Children's Personality in R. J. Palacio's "Wonder” Novel: Psychologically and Socially
Authors: Khalifa Majeed Hammadi
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the theme of bullying and its influence on Children's personality development as used in R.J. Palacio's bestselling novel "Wonder". Palacio is a well-known novelist with a keen interest in children's literature, especially those addressing congenital deformities and their psychological and social issues. This research utilises a social and psychological reading of the "Wonder" novel, discusses Palacio’s attempts to portray the suffering of individuals with congenital deformities due to bullying, and challenges the societal view of performance self-realization through the concept of Olweus. The "Wonder" novel is a mirror for these children, reflecting the psychological crises they go through in society and at the same time presenting a picture of how to deal with them in a systematic way, enabling them to become influential members of society. The purpose of this study is to motivate tolerance of oneself and others. Additionally, it argues bullying through the lens of Olweus and the various forms of discrimination that the protagonist experiences. Additionally, it employs qualitative methods of analysis to focus on Palacio's recommendations for dealing with bullying and learning to accept oneself in society. As a result, it summarizes the key points made throughout the article and examines how this social and psychological critique of those with special needs has affected and constrained how we read the novel "Wonder."
Temática y estilo de la poesía de la resistencia y exilio; similitudes entre Rafael Alberti y Maḥmūd Darwīš
Authors: Atta Shatha Kareem
Published: January 2024

La literatura del exilio aborda la experiencia de quienes dejan su país por conflictos políticos, sociales o personales. Los escritores expresan sentimientos de desarraigo y nostalgia en géneros como poesía, narrativa y ensayos, además de abordar temas políticos y sociales relacionados con la opresión y la libertad. Los poetas Rafael Alberti y Maḥmūd Darwīš vivieron el exilio y resistencia: Alberti luchó contra la dictadura franquista y Darwīš resistió la ocupación sionista. Ambos utilizaban diversos estilos literarios y símbolos para denunciar injusticias y transmitir esperanza. Su legado inspira a luchar contra la injusticia y mantener viva la memoria del exilio y la resistencia.
"The Art of Monologue" is published in The Short Novel of Mullazm Tahsin and other things by Farhad Pirbal.
Authors: Adullah Soran Mamand
Published: January 2024

This study، titled "The Art of Monologue" is published in The Short Novel of Mullazm Tahsin and Other Things by Farhad Pirbal. It is clear that the art of monologue between narrative theories in modern and modern literature is unique، because it has direct contact with other elements within the novel، especially the characters. Although this art existed in other classical narrative genres، it only included a simple and more external form of the characters، so along with the appearance of theories. Psychologists and psychoanalysis (Freud، Jung and Adler... He has been involved in literary studies in general and novels in particular. The art of monologue is separated by the use of cross-sections and personal pronouns according to the type of monologue that changes، sometimes it wants the writer to express a monologue in a way that the writer makes a sound، and he speaks in his face، because many writers think that it is a disorder of the monologue. Among them is Adon، so monologue is a very important technology، and for today the novel is very important by the novelists، because the individual can go deep inside the character، the thought، the mind، the heart، the mind، the heart، he is the one who hears the word، and he hears it. It has expanded into novels. In this study، it is briefly mentioned that some of the important opinions of foreign and Kurdish scholars and writers about monologues and genres in novels، so it is important for us to understand how Kurdish literature and our novelists felt the importance and necessity of this technical art of narration، as well as how Farhad Pirbal embodied and reflected it in his short novel (Molazm Tahsin and Other Things).
Anaalysis of the text of Sabris poem(Mercy that one breth), of Sabri according to the path of unity.
Authors: Khalifa Avin Abdulqadir , Mhamad Diar Mardan
Published: January 2024

This paper is an analysis of the text of the poem (Mercy which one breath) of (Sabri), which consists of  two parts in the first part we highlighted a brief about ( Sabri) and the political and social conditions of the poets time, especially in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (Sabri) is as a sufi poet, he has always sought divine love, he is considered the classical poet of Kirkuk. he followed the path of  Nali and saleem for Kurdish,he chose the title (Sabri) in has poems, he was a poet who always tried to kill himself in order to attain divine love, in the second part, we will practice some of our analytical methods for the text of the poem of (Mercy that is one breath) of (Sabri) has presentend .

We have found that the poet in this poetic text he had a special mindset and a real experiment in addition, the poet used a mixture of  Kurdish, Arabic and Parian.

He wrote his poems in the Sorani dialect ,his poetic images have been duties creative, they have a special  rhythm and melody, in terms of weight and over head.he used more weights for adversity for example, a(15)point weight, we have tried to look at this poetic text critically the poet is at the end of his life in this poetic text he mixes the pain of Kurdistan’s situation at the hands of the in readers with a  love that is addicted to the in fidelity or betrayal of the in readers, then he returns to a divine love. Finally, we have  reached some conclusion of the study.
Human Relationships and Memory in Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day: A Critical Analysis
Authors: Shakir Noora Mazin
Published: January 2024

This study offers a critical analysis of Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day, and focuses on its portrayal of human relationships, specifically those associated with the main character, Stevens. Ishiguro, a well-known figure in contemporary English literature, is known for his insightful exploration of missed opportunities, a theme central to this novel. Within the narrative, Stevens inability to express his love for Miss Kenton, represents one of these missed chances. Like Ishiguro’s other novels, this one shows a large interest in the relationship between individual and collective memory. This study adopts a character analysis approach to examine Stevens' personality throughout his life career at Darlington Hall. The analysis aims to highlight the complexities he encounters in his relationships and demonstrate how he becomes aware of them by the end of the novel. This self-awareness develops as Stevens reflects on his past, helping him identify the errors he made in his relationships. This paper is structured into three sections. It starts with an introduction which addresses Ishiguro’s status as a novelist, with special attention on his main novels, including The Remains of the Day. The second part discusses the relationships in the novel by conducting a textual analysis of its important passages. Finally, the paper ends with the conclusion which sums up the findings.