bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERILAKU BUNUH DIRI PADA GANGGUAN AFEKTIF BIPOLAR: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
Authors: ASTAWA I GUSTI NGURAH PUTRA , TRISNOWATI RINI
Published: September 2023

Bunuh diri merupakan perilaku yang kompleks tanpa sebab tunggal namun dapat disebabkan interaksi dari faktor biologis, psikologis, kognitif dan lingkungan yang rumit. Kejadian bunuh diri dewasa ini menjadi perhatian global terkait dengan peningkatan insiden. Gangguan jiwa merupakan prediktor terkuat bunuh diri, salah satunya adalah gangguan afektif bipolar yang memiliki risiko tertinggi terjadi perilaku bunuh diri baik di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Desain penelitian ini adalah Literature Review atau tinjauan pustaka. Bunuh diri pada kasus bipolar berasosiasi dengan fase depresi dari gangguan bipolar (depresi bipolar) yang merupakan episode mood yang dominan. Terdapat faktor risiko, faktor protektif serta peran neurotransmiter dalam terjadinya bunuh diri. Tingginya kejadian bunuh diri pada pasien dengan gangguan afektif bipolar menjadikan perlunya telaah kembali terkait hal-hal yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan diagnostik dan penatalaksanaan yang tepat sehingga dapat menurunkan kejadian bunuh diri tersebut.
GANGGUAN EMOSI PADA ANAK ADOPSI
Authors: WEDASTRA I MADE , ARDANI I GUSTI AYU INDAH , PRAMAYANTI NI NYOMAN TRI
Published: September 2023

Adopsi merupakan pengangkatan seorang anak yang diperlakukan sebagai anak kandung atau anak sendiri sehingga anak angkat mempunyai hak dan kedudukan yang sama seperti anak kandung. Praktik adopsi sudah dilakukan sejak ribuan tahun lalu, digunakan sebagai suatu cara untuk tetap mempertahankan garis keturunan, budaya dan agama serta dapat memberikan perawatan dan perlindungan pada anak yang tidak memilki orang tua biologis. Proses adopsi bukanlah solusi yang mudah dan sederhana, dibutuhkan kesiapan dari orang tua calon anak adopsi memahami tantangan dan tanggung jawab yang terkait perkembangan emosional dan sosial anak, serta membantu mengatasi potensi gangguan emosi yang mungkin terjadi. Perubahan dalam pengasuhan dan pola asuh sebelumnya dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan emosi dan psikologis anak adopsi. Proses adaptasi ini dapat menimbulkan stres dan tantangan bagi anak, yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan identitas, kepercayaan diri, serta hubungan sosialnya. Desain penelitian ini adalah tinjauan pustaka. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak adopsi memiliki risiko yang sedikit lebih tinggi untuk mengalami masalah emosional dan perilaku dibandingkan dengan anak-anak yang tidak mengalami adopsi. Beberapa gangguan mental yang telah dikaitkan dengan anak adopsi termasuk ADHD, gangguan perilaku, cemas perpisahan, cemas fobik/sosial, sibling rivalry hingga gangguan depresi, bipolar, dan gangguan psikotik seperti skizofrenia.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA SISWA DALAM PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN INTEGRATIF
Authors: HAPNI PATMIATI
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan pendekatan integratif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan dua siklus. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas I-B di SD Negeri 5 Masbagik Utara sebanyak 32 orang. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan tes evaluasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik aktivasi data dan teknik tes hasil belajar. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan integratif efektif di dalam meningkatkan ketermpilan membaca siswa.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS
Authors: RIZKAH RIZKAH
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar IPS siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subyek penelitian sebanyak 27 orang siswa. Metode pengumpul data menggunakan test hasil belajar dan observasi. Teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rata-rata. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama dua siklus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan model pembelajaran problem based learning.
PENGARUH KERJASAMA TIM DAN EFIKASI DIRI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU
Authors: JUHRI JUHRI , SUHARDI MUHAMAD
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui secara komprehensif pengaruh kinerja dalam desain pekerjaan dan kepuasan kerja terhadap prestasi kerja guru SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Jonggat Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipan, dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan analisis jalur. Analisis dan interpretasi data menunjukkan bahwa (1) Kerja sama tim berpengaruh positif langsung terhadap prestasi kerja, (2) kerja sama tim berpengaruh langsung positif terhadap efikasi diri, (3) efikasi diri berpengaruh langsung positif terhadap prestasi kerja. Berdasarkan temuan di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja guru dapat ditingkatkan dengan meningkatkan kerja tim dan meningkatkan efikasi diri.
Desafíos actuales del recurso de casación en materia penal
Authors: Guillén Zambrano Byron Javier
Published: September 2023

Con la declaratoria de inconstitucionalidad de la Resolución No. 10-2015 dictada por el pleno de la Corte Nacional de Justicia, que regulaba una fase de admisibilidad del recurso de casación en materia penal, y con la emisión de la Resolución No. 04-2022 que contiene las normas que regulan el recurso especial de doble conforme, se presentaron varias problemáticas respecto al recurso de casación. En el presente artículo se analiza la línea jurisprudencial adoptada por la Corte Nacional de Justicia respecto a las cuestiones previas que el Tribunal de casación debe verificar para convocar a una audiencia de fundamentación del recurso de casación como la temporalidad del recurso, legitimación para interponer el recurso, y que se trate de una resolución judicial recurrible en sede casacional; así como los argumentos y cargos que pueden plantearse en una audiencia de fundamentación de recurso de casación en materia penal. Para el efecto se analizan sentencias emitidas por la Corte Constitucional, Resoluciones de la Corte Nacional de Justicia y sentencias emitidas por la Sala Especializada de lo Penal, Penal Militar, Penal Policial, Tránsito, Corrupción y Crimen Organizado de la Corte Nacional de Justicia.
El Código Iberoamericano de Ética Judicial. Una herramienta contra la corrupción en la justicia ecuatoriana
Authors: Tello Sarmiento Marco Antonio , Cornejo-Aguiar José Sebastián
Published: September 2023

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar jurídicamente cómo la ética judicial, y por tanto los principios y normas recogidos en el Código Iberoamericano de Ética Judicial incide en el combate de la corrupción en el Ecuador. La investigación se desarrolló desde el paradigma cuantitativo el cual produce datos descriptivos que se originan por la recolección de información de fuente documental-bibliográfica. Además, se aplicó el método inductivo-deductivo, el cual sugiere que para encontrar una verdad se deben buscar los hechos y finalmente el método analítico-sintético por medio del cual, se descompone un todo en partes extrayendo cualidades, componentes, relaciones para posteriormente unir las partes analizadas y con ello descubrir características. Se concluye que, la ética judicial en el Ecuador constituye un elemento trascendental en la lucha contra la corrupción toda vez que, el juzgador, el momento de emitir su decisión, garantiza la tutela judicial efectiva, el principio de seguridad jurídica y el respeto a los derechos de las personas que buscan justicia.
Tilintarkastus ja evaluaatio
Authors: Gullkvist Benita , Alitalo Heidi , Filatov Mari , Honkamäki Tuomas , Ihantola Eeva-Mari , Johanson Jan-Erik , Kaisanlahti Timo , Kankaanpää Jari , Kivistö Jussi , Laine Riitta , Mättö Markus , Nordblad Mirella , Ojala Hannu , Pajunen Kati , Pekkola Elias , Raitio Jarkko , Rannisto Pasi-Heikki , Rautiainen Antti , Rönkkö Jaakko , Teittinen Henri , Torkkel Timo , Saastamoinen Jani , Stenvall Jari , Vahtera Veikko , Vehmas Teija , Virta Sirpa , Wacker Jani , Wallenius Tapio
Published: September 2023

Kokoomateoksessa syvennytään tilintarkastuksen, arvioinnin ja omistajaohjauksen ajankohtaisiin ilmiöihin ja kysymyksiin.Tarkastuksen ulkoinen toimintaympäristö – talouselämä, yritystoiminta ja sääntely-ympäristö – muuttuu jatkuvasti. Esimerkiksi ilmastonmuutoksen ja muiden kestävyysongelmien torjunta keskeisenä megatrendinä on tuonut yritysvastuun liiketoiminnan keskiöön. Kestävyysongelmien ja muiden kriisien ratkaisu korostaa myös vaatimuksia julkisten varojen vastuullisesta käyttämisestä ja tasapainosta. Teos sisältää 17 alan asiantuntijan laatimaa artikkelia. Teoksessa käsitellään ajankohtaisia ilmiöitä käytännönläheisesti, mutta vahvasti tieteelliseen tutkimustietoon nojautuen. Kokoomateos on monitieteinen, sillä tarkasteltavat kysymykset ovat paitsi yksityisen ja julkisen sektorin rajan ylittäviä, myös tieteenalarajat ylittäviä. Teoksen tarkastelussa yhdistyvät empiirinen, käsiteanalyyttinen ja oikeudellinen tutkimusote. Kirjassa käsiteltäviä teemoja ovat muun muassa yritysten vastuullisuusraportoinnin varmentaminen, tilintarkastuksen laatu, tilintarkastajan lausunnon antamistehtävät sekä tilintarkastustutkimus. Lisäksi teoksessa tarkastellaan useita arvioinnin ja omistajaohjauksen teemoja, kuten koronajohtamista pandemiakriisissä ja korkeakoulujen laadunarviointia. Teoksessa käsitellään myös julkisen talouden tasapainoisuuden valvontaa ja kuntayhtiöiden omistajaohjausta.Painettu teos on tilattavissa verkkokaupoista (mm. Booky.fi, Suomalainen.com ja Adlibris.com).
IMPLEMENTASI GUSCIPUS (GUI SCILAB KEPUASAN) DALAM MENGUKUR TINGKAT KEPUASAN PELAYANAN TRANSPORTASI DI PELABUHAN KAYAN II
Authors: Ayyub Muhammad , Muzakkir Muh. Azir , Jayanti Renata , Christyanti Ratna Dwi , Fatimah Erma
Published: September 2023

Kepuasan pelanggan merupakan suatu penilaian dari pelanggan atas penggunaan suatu produk barang atau jasa dimana harapan dan kebutuhan mereka terpenuhi. Hal ini menjadi permasalahan bagi penyelenggaraan pelayanan transportasi laut seperti Pelabuhan Kayan II. Untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan, upaya yang dilakukan dengan melakukan pengukuran tingkat kepuasan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan jasa transportasi laut di Pelabuhan Kayan II Kabupaten Bulungan dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy C-Means berbantu aplikasi Scilab berbasis GUI (GUSCIPUS). Metode yang digunakan dalam pengukuran tingkat kepuasan masyarakat adalah Fuzzy C-Means (FCM). Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian ini : 1) menyebarkan kuisioner, 2) mengumpulkan data, 3) analisis data menggunakan metode Fuzzy C-Means berbantu aplikasi Scilab berbasis GUI (GUSCIPUS), dan 4) menyimpulkan hasil simulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan cluster tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan transportasi laut di Pelabuhan Kayan II dimana persentase responden yang puas (Cluster 1) sebesar 57% dan Tidak Puas (Cluster 2) sebesar 43%. Pengkategorian ini berdasarkan nilai pusat data yang lebih dominan tertinggi berada di-Cluster 1.
Analisis Faktor Keberhasilan Proyek Pembangunan Ruang Laboratorium Fisika SMA Negeri 1 Kecamatan Sekatak
Authors: Harviyanti Enny , Arib Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pelaksanaan proyek ruang Laboratorium Fisika SMA Negeri 1 Kecamatan Sekatak dan untuk mengetahui Faktor yang paling mempengaruhi keberhasilan proyek. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Regresi linear berganda yang terdiri dari 4 variabel dependen X1 (biaya) X2 (waktu) X3 (mutu) dan X4 (K3L) dengan sub variabel sebanyak 11 variabel. Pengaruh terbesar yaitu ada pada X1 (biaya) mempunyai nilai pengaruh terhadap keberhasilan proyek yaitu sebesar 0,698 dan X2 (waktu) mempunyai pengaruh nilai sebesar 0,019 dan X3 (mutu) memiliki pengaruh berbanding lurus dengan nilai sebesar -1,473 dan X4 (K3L) mempunyai pengaruh berbanding lurus dengan nilai sebesar -0,788. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah biaya (X1) Maka di ambil kesimpulan bahwa biaya X1 adalah faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap faktor keberhasilan proyek adalah biaya ( X1) dengan nilai korelasi 0,69
Estimasi Sebaran Tingkat Kekritisan Lahan Di Kecamatan Tanjung Selor Menggunakan Lai (Leaf Area Index) Hasil Analisis Citra Satelit Landsat 8 Oli Tirs
Authors: Utomo Adymas Putro
Published: September 2023

Penyediaan data dan informasi yang akurat mengenai kondisi kekritisan lahan di Kecamatan Tanjung Selor sangat penting dalam rangka mendukung upaya peningkatan produktivitas pertanian. Metode yang digunakan adalah informasi Leaf Area Index (LAI). Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk perhitungan tingkat kekritisan lahan dari parameter vegetasi. Diperoleh bahwa sebaran luas kekritisan lahan yaitu pada kelas tidak kritis 8.185,35 ha (15,29%), potensial kritis 40.620,82 ha (75,87%), agak kritis 3.630,13 ha (6,78%), kritis 33,96 ha (0,06%) dan sangat kritis 72,83 ha (0,14%); sebaran luas kekritisan lahan pada desa dengan nilai tertinggi terdapat pada desa Tengkapak seluas 1.454,90 ha (24,25%), sedangkan kekritisan terendah terdapat pada desa Tanjung Selor Hilir seluas 1,82 ha (0,03%); dan sebaran luas kekritisan lahan pada penggunaan lahan yang memiliki nilai tertinggi dan terendah terdapat pada penggunaan lahan sebagai hutan, yaitu kelas potensial kritis seluas 8.741,36 ha (80,22%) dan kelas sangat kritis seluas 0,12 ha (0,00%).
Analisis Kestabilan Model Epidemik Seir Pada Penyebaran Penyakit Menggunakan Metode Runge Kutta Orde 4
Authors: Christyanti Ratna Dwi , Arif Abdul , Puluadji Eka Wahyunita Sari
Published: September 2023

Salah satu contoh model matematika yang dapat digunakan pada penyebaran penyakit adalah model epidemik SEIR. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemodelan matematika pada model epidemik tipe SEIR, bentuk kesetimbangan dalam model epidemik tipe SEIR, dan analisis kestabilan model epidemik SEIR. Pada penelitian ini, akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Runge Kutta orde 4 dan diselesaikan  berbantu software Maple. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapat model epidemik SEIR yaitu   ,   ,   ,   . Titik kesetimbangan penyakit yaitu  dan ( , ,  , ). Dan diperoleh  analisis kestabilan titik kesetimbangan bebas penyakit yaitu ,    ,  , ) dan analisis kestabilan titik kesetimbangan epidemik .
CANDI PRAMBANAN: KEJAYAAN, KERUNTUHAN, DAN KEBANGKITANNYA KEMBALI
Authors: Setiawan Budiana
Published: September 2023

Pada 8 April 2021 Menteri Agama RI memberikan pernyataan bahwa Candi Prambanan perlu disiapkan untuk menjadi pusat ibadah umat Hindu Nusantara maupun dunia. Untuk itu, diperlukan kajian-kajian penguatan, baik dari filsafat dan theologis, sejarah, ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya. Dalam hal ini, kajian sejarah tentang tentang keberadaan Candi Prambanan perlu disampaikan. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, permasalahan yang akan diangkat dalam tulisan ini adalah: (1) Bagaimana perjalanan sejarah Candi Prambanan, sejak diresmikan sebagai tempat peribadatan pada 856 M, masa kelam saat ditinggalkan, dan kondisi saat ini setelah dipugar kembali? (2) Apa yang perlu dilakukan umat Hindu dalam upaya membangkitkan kembali spirit dari Candi Prambanan? Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kajian kepustakaan dan dokumen terkait (desk research). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pada awalnya Candi Prambanan digunakan sebagai tempat ibadah utama Kerajaan Mataram Kuno. Setelah pusat pemerintahan dipindahkan ke Jawa Timur, Candi Prambanan mulai telantar dan rusak karena tidak terawat. Setelah ratusan tahun terbengkalai dan runtuh karena bencana gempa bumi, reruntuhan Candi Prambanan mulai dipugar oleh Pemerintah Hindia Belanda, dan dilanjutkan oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Sebagai sebuah reruntuhan kompleks percandian yang pada akhirnya berhasil dipugar kembali, maka sudah selayaknya apabila Candi Prambanan dapat dikembalikan fungsinya sebagai tempat ibadah umat Hindu. Mengingat Candi Prambanan menjadi salah satu ikon perkembangan peradaban dunia, sehingga harus dikenal oleh masyarakat dunia, maka kegiatan peribadatan umat Hindu yang dilakukan tidak hanya terbatas di lingkup nasional, tetapi juga perlu dikembangkan ke lingkup dunia.
MORAL POLITIK CANAKYA DALAM ARTHASASTRA
Authors: Ni Made Sumaryani
Published: September 2023

A leader needs to have political morals in running the government, so as not to abuse the authority and power that causes suffering for the people. In many cases, they use their control to reap personal benefits while ensnaring the people. This article uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach related to Canakya's political morals. Canakya presents politics in a complex way in his Arthasastra. He did not treat politics arbitrarily with power but formed a great leadership candidate by prioritizing the happiness and welfare of his people. For the sake of its continuity, this leadership task must be carried out for every born ksatriya. Katriya is not just birth, and profession but ksatriya is attitude, principle, stance, character, and all of them combined.
ANALISIS KONSEP TEO-FILOSOFIS TAUHID DAN DVAITA VEDANTA
Authors: Ni Luh Komang Indah Sari
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

This research focuses on the study of theo-philosophical concepts in Tauhid and Dvaita Vedanta. Both concepts view God as causa prima and different from the human spirit and material nature. Through interpretive and hermeneutic frameworks of thought, in the study of religions, it is certainly very interesting to explore the theological teachings in it. This is even more so in terms of the theo-philosophical concepts of Tauhid and Dvaita Vedanta. In fact, Tauhid and Dvaita Vedanta both view God as personal, having character, and different from humans. Both also position God who has a distance from humans. Furthermore, the aspect of difference is rooted in an epistemological framework, namely Tauhid bases his aqidah on the commands and words of Allah, while Dvaita Vedanta does not base bhakti on God's commands, but through Lela and Krida as the basis. Therefore, Dvaita Vedanta views love as the basis for connecting with God (bhakti yoga). Understanding the two concepts of Tauhid and Dvaita Vedanta will create a unifying reflection in terms of similarities and differences.

 

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini memfokuskan perhatian pada penelaahan konsep teo-filosofis dalam Tauhid dan Dvaita Vedanta. Kedua konsep tersebut sama-sama memandang Tuhan sebagai causaprima dan berbeda dengan ruh manusia dan alam material. Melalui kerangka berpikir interpretatif dan hermeneutik, dalam studi agama-agama tentu sangat menarik untuk menelusuri ajaran teologi di dalamnya. Lebih-lebih mengkomparasikan dari segi konsep teo-filosofis Tauhid dan Dvaita Vedanta. Tauhid dan Dvaita Vedanta nyatanya sama-sama memandang Tuhan sebagai personal, memiliki sifat, dan berbeda dengan manusia. Keduanya juga memposisikan Tuhan yang memiliki jarak dengan manusia. Selanjutnya, aspek perbedaan berakar pada kerangka epistemologis, yakni Tauhid mendasarkan akidah-nya melalui perintah dan firman Allah, sementara DvaitaVedanta tidak mendasarkan bhakti melalui perintah Tuhan, tetapi melalui lela dan krida sebagai dasarnya. Oleh karena itu, DvaitaVedanta memandang cinta kasih sebagai dasar untuk melakukan hubungan kepada Tuhan (bhakti yoga). Dengan memahami kedua konsep Tauhid dan Dvaita Vedantaakan tercipta refleksi penyatuan dari segi persamaan dan perbedaan.
STRATEGI DIPLOMASI PERTAHANAN NEGARA DALAM TEKS ARTHASHASTRA
Authors: AVALOKITESVARI AYU NIKKI
Published: September 2023

National defense is a very important aspect in maintaining the existence and sovereignty of a country. Since ancient times Chanakya in his very famous treatise Arthasastra emphasized the importance of diplomacy and efforts to build the strength of a country. This paper aims to examine the text of Arthasastra as the basis for the Defense Diplomacy strategy. Indonesia adopted a Sanskrit slogan in the military world which indicated the close relationship between Indonesia’s defense and the rich heritage of Asian civilization with the influence of Indian texts. Chanakya emphasized that the state must build defenses, be ready to go to war but be able to maintain peace. A country is seen as having to be authoritative so that other countries, either with hostile tendencies or as partners, will have high respect. However, Arthasastra emphasized that the highest goal of a country is to build prosperity with defense and security as a prerequisite for building prosperity for a country.
THE ESSENCE OF DEATH AS THE EVOLUTION OF THE SOUL INTERTEXT STUDY IN HINDU LITERATURE
Authors: Sumantra Nengah , A.A Made Arsana Putra
Published: September 2023

Every religion teaches about the truth, which can be practiced by its people in this life. This truth they believe can keep them from all kinds of suffering. Hindu belief about life after death, it can be seen from the literary works that can be heard from the general public there are similarities with Islam, namely the Al-Sirat bridge, but in Bali this bridge is called Titi-Ugal-Agil¬. The bridge (titi) can also move to make it difficult for those who during their life did evil to cross it. With the explanation above, death in Hinduism is not the end of life, because in Hindu belief life will continue from the previous life until death. According to Hinduism, death and life will continue to occur over and over again (Punarbawa) until a person reaches his final destination which is Moksha. Based on this background, three problems can be formulated, namely (1) Why do people experience the process of death according to Hindu literature? (2) How is the journey of the atman/soul after experiencing the process of death, according to Hindu literature? (3) How does the law of karma affect the process of death in Hindu literature? The purpose of this study is to add to the literature as a reference that can support Hindus to have a clear knowledge of the essence of the soul's journey after death. The method used is data collection, literature, and observation. The theories used in this research are the theory of religion (religion), the theory of intertextuality, the theory of hermeneutics, and the theory of change. The results of this study can enrich the literature on Hindu religious teachings related to death. Death is a common thing for every living being, in this world everyone who is born into the world will surely experience death in the future. Heaven and Hell we can feel in this world (when we are reborn). The goal of Hinduism is not Heaven, but moksha. In essence, death has an impact on the Law of Karma which includes: psychological, religious, socio-cultural and social impacts.
‘NISKAMA KARMA’ SEBUAH AJARAN KARMA YANG MEMBEBASKAN
Authors: Gusti Ngurah Yoga Semadi  , I Made Dwija Suastana
Published: September 2023

Niskama Karma is a teaching concept which can be interpreted as actions that are without lust or not because of lust or without desire Karma or actions and niskama are without desire, thus niskama karma means actions without desire. Nis means no, which is not based on worldly desires. This karma or liberating action is very pure, blameless, and also selfless on the basis of the teaching of selfless work. Human nature is basically to have the nature of love, compassion. Carrying out work without attachment to the results of the work is the key to this teaching. This work becomes liberating work, where actions that are based without desire for the results of the fruit that are carried out are work that is based on applying the work concept of ‘niskama karma’, namely by simply doing ‘selfless work’. If work is based on selflessness, then grace will automatically come without being sought. The grace in question is the abundant blessing from the ruler of the universe. This is a condition of the human psyche that makes him achieve true peace so that ideas that are full of holiness and goodness appear. The sense of peace appears instantly if humans have felt and received protection from God.
PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI ETIKA DALAM PENGOBATAN HUSADA BALI DI BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Dr. Wayan Sukarlinawati, S.P., M.Si.
Published: September 2023

Today’s technology, Balinese people still have a cultural heritage with a variety of contents in the form of lontar texts. The two medical systems that are developing in the current millennial era are the Bio-Medical system of medicine and the Bio-Cultural system or traditional medicine. One of these lontar texts is the Usada lontar script which contains traditional Balinese medicinal knowledge. The formulation of the problem in this study is How is the application of ethical values in the treatment of Usada Bali in Bandar Lampung? How was the implementation of the Usada Bali treatment carried out in Bandar Lampung? And what are the implications for oneself, society and government? This study uses qualitative methods, with observation, interviews, documentation and literature. The conclusion in this study is that, the application of ethical values in the treatment of usada Bali in Bandar Lampung uses standard service procedures that are applied to usada Bali treatment in Bandar Lampung through several ethical rules for arriving and returning patients during treatment, including: Ethics for washing hand when coming to visit, greet when new patients arrive and are going home and keep their distance and wait according to the arrival number when patients are going for treatment. The implication is that usada Balinese medicine uses supernatural powers (magico-religious) in the usada Balinese system of medicine, which is a potential advantage for Balians that doctors don’t have. The implication of usada Bali treatment for the government. Usada Bali as a system of Balinese local knowledge and wisdom has a strong enough basic capital to develop.
Biological Behaviour of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion of Cervix Under Rural Conditions in Western Lucknow, India
Authors:   Professor, Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University Lucknow, India, Ahmad Sharique , Misra Jata Shankar ,   Cytologist, Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University Lucknow, India., Anwar Subuhi ,   Research Assistant, Department of Pathology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University Lucknow, India.
Published: September 2023

Objective: The biological behavior of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) is uncertain as most of the lesions regress, and only some of them progress to higher grades or persist. This varied behavior is common under rural conditions due to the lack of progression-promoting agents like Human papillomavirus (HPV). Methods: Rural cervical cancer screening has been in progress for the last 8 years in the villages of West Lucknow through a camp approach, and to date, 2980 women have undergone cytological examination. Among them, 499 women were diagnosed with SIL, and 310 of these cases were followed. The details of follow-up findings in these 310 cases have been analyzed. Results: Of the 310 SIL cases followed, 242 showed regression of the lesions (78.1%), 3 showed progression from low-grade SIL to high-grade SIL (0.9%), while the remaining 65 (21%) showed persistence of SIL. Among the 65 persistence cases, 35 showed regression of the lesion (53.8%) on further follow-up, while the remaining 30 cases could not be followed. Both regression and persistence of SIL were observed more frequently in younger women (21-30 years), while there was a low trend with increasing age. Conclusion: Most of the SIL cases on follow-up showed regression of the lesion. Even those SIL cases that showed persistence regressed to normal in more than 50% of cases upon further follow-up. Progression of the lesion is not common (only 3 cases). Attempts are underway for the follow-up of the remaining persistence cases and also those initial SIL cases who could not be followed up during the first attempt.
Application of the Caffeine in Antiviral Medications through Polynomials and Topological Descriptors
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Lahore, Lahore Campus, Pakistan., Afzal Zeeshan , Yasin Faisal ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Lahore, Lahore Campus, Pakistan.
Published: September 2023

The two main sources of caffeine in the adult diet in North America are coffee (60 to 75%) and tea (15 to 30%), although caffeinated soft drinks and chocolate are primary sources of caffeine in kids’ diets. An algorithm can generate topological indices, which are mathematical representations of molecules that can be applied to their structure. The degree-based topological indices for the aforementioned antiviral medications have been examined in the current work using a polynomial technique. Caffeine is a significant component in various medications, with different prescription (30 to 100 milligrams per tablet), over-the-counter (15 to 200 milligrams per tablet or pill), and capsule dosages. Topological indices are employed to describe the biological and physico-chemical properties of diverse chemical compounds. The adult acute fatal dosage of caffeine has been calculated to be 10 grams per person. While 6.5 grams of caffeine have been reported to be fatal, there are cases of patients who purportedly consumed 24 grams of caffeine and survived. We have computed various polynomials including Hosoya and Harary, distance-based topological indices, and other important degree-based topological indices.
Etanercept Mitigated Renal Injury in Male Rats Undergoing Global Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion
Authors:   University of Sulaymaniyah, College of Dentistry, Iraq, Abbas Ashwaq Najemaldeen , Mahdi Fatimah Mohammed Saeed ,   Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq, Abed Aumaima Tariq ,   Department of pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq, Hassan Saif M. ,   Department of pharmacology and toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
Published: September 2023

The kidneys are vulnerable to injury from ischemia-reperfusion (IR), a process that triggers inflammation and apoptosis, primarily mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Numerous studies have investigated renal damage in this context. Etanercept, a soluble receptor for TNF-alpha, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. This study aims to assess the potential of etanercept in mitigating experimental renal IR injury and its capacity to protect against widespread renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were classified into four groups: sham, DMSO-treated, etanercept-treated, DMSO-treated IR, and etanercept-treated IR groups. After 24 hours following IR injury, renal levels of TNF-alpha and TLRs (Toll-like receptors) were assessed using ELISA and IHC methods, respectively. Histopathological analysis was employed to quantify the extent of renal cell injury. Results: Etanercept treatment significantly lowered tissue levels of TNF-alpha and TLRs in IR-damaged rats compared to DMSO-treated IR rats. Kidneys of DMSO-treated IR rats exhibited substantially elevated levels of TNF-alpha and TLRs when compared to DMSO-treated sham rats. Conversely, etanercept-treated IR rats displayed significantly reduced levels of TNF-alpha and TLRs compared to DMSO-treated IR rats. Pre-treatment with etanercept significantly alleviated the extent of damage in IR-injured rats compared to the control and DMSO groups. Etanercept further promoted the downregulation of TLRs and TNF-alpha, thereby enhancing resistance to renal damage during IR. Conclusion: In conclusion, etanercept shows promise in providing protection against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by mitigating inflammation and apoptosis, as evidenced by reductions in TNF-alpha and TLR levels. This suggests its potential as a therapeutic intervention to mitigate renal damage resulting from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Problems of attribution of information in the field of agriculture to environmental information
Authors: Ignat'eva Inna Anatol'evna
Published: September 2023

Environmental protection and agriculture are related areas of legal regulation, closely interrelated and mutually dependent. The systems of information in the field of agriculture and information on environmental protection overlap in terms of assessing the condition of land and other natural resources used for agricultural activities, and in terms of assessing the negative impact of such activities on the environment. The purpose of the study is to determine the content and significance of environmental information as part of the information that is indicated in the acts of agrarian legislation. In the work, the author applied methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis of information. It is established that in the legislative acts regulating relations in the field of agriculture, information and information support, as a rule, are allocated structurally, terminologically, meaningfully. It is concluded that giving specialized information in the field of agriculture the status of environmental information increases the level of accessibility of information. At the same time, the legislation on environmental protection implements the concept of specifying environmental information in the list approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. This approach is associated with the problems of attributing certain information concerning the state of the environment specified in agricultural legislation to environmental information, despite their ecological content.
Transfer of agricultural lands to lands of other categories: some issues of theory and practice of law enforcement
Authors: Ustyukova Valentina Vladimirovna
Published: September 2023

The Federal Law "On the Transfer of Lands or Land Plots from One Category to Another" (hereinafter referred to as Law No. 172-FZ) was adopted in December 2004. Since then, the socio-economic situation in the country and the legislation have changed significantly. However, they were not actually reflected in the Law, since only minor changes were made to it during almost 19 years of operation of the law. Over the past time, a lot of experience has been accumulated in theoretical understanding and practical application of this law, which is discussed in this article. The author does not pretend to be a comprehensive disclosure of the topic, since it is impossible to do this in one article. Nevertheless, the article reflects the author's position on a number of controversial issues of the theory and practice of legal regulation of the relations under consideration.The scientific novelty of the work consists in the study on the basis of formal legal and comparative legal methods of the latest judicial practice, the formulation of proposals to eliminate the legal uncertainty identified in the course of the work of some concepts used in the Law and other proposals to improve legislation in the field under consideration. In the light of solving the problem of rational use of agricultural land and preventing the unjustified disposal of agricultural land from use in the agricultural sector, the scientific understanding of controversial theoretical and practical issues of the transfer of these lands to lands of other categories is of particular relevance.
Recognition of opinion leaders in blockchain-based social networks by structural information and content contribution
Authors: Wang Chuansheng , Tan Xuecheng , Shi Fulei
Published: September 2023

Exploring the influence of social network users in the blockchain environment and identifying opinion leaders can help understand the information dissemination characteristics of blockchain social networks, direct the discovery of quality content, and avoid the spread of rumors. Members of blockchain-based social networks are given new responsibilities by token awards and consensus voting, which alters how users connect to the network and engage with one another. Based on blockchain theory and the relevant theories of opinion leaders in social networks, this article combines structural information and content contributions to identify opinion leaders. Firstly, user influence indicators are defined from the perspective of network structure and behavioral characteristics of user contributions. Then, ECWM is constructed, which combines the entropy weight method and the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) weighting method to address the correlation and diversity among indicators. Furthermore, an improved Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), called ECWM-TOPSIS, is proposed to identify opinion leaders in blockchain social networks. Moreover, to verify the effectiveness of the method, we conducted a comparative analysis of the proposed algorithm on the blockchain social platform Steemit by using two different methods (voting score and forwarding rate). The results show that ECWM-TOPSIS produces significantly higher performance than other methods for all selected top N opinion leaders.
Rational synthesis of total damage during cryoprotectant equilibration: modelling and experimental validation of osmomechanical, temperature, and cytotoxic damage in sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) oocytes
Authors: Olver Dominic J. , Heres Pablo , Paredes Estefania , Benson James D.
Published: September 2023

Sea urchins (e.g., Paracentrotus lividus) are important for both aquaculture and as model species. Despite their importance, biobanking of urchin oocytes by cryopreservation is currently not possible. Optimized cryoprotectant loading may enable novel vitrification methods and thus successful cryopreservation of oocytes. One method for determining an optimized loading protocol uses membrane characteristics and models of damage, namely osmomechanical damage, temperature damage (e.g., chill injury) and cytotoxicity. Here we present and experimentally evaluate existing and novel models of these damage modalities as a function of time and temperature. In osmomechanical damage experiments, oocytes were exposed for 2 to 30 minutes in hypertonic NaCl or sucrose supplemented seawater or in hypotonic diluted seawater. In temperature damage experiments, oocytes were exposed to 1.7 °C, 10 °C, or 20 °C for 2 to 90 minutes. Cytotoxicity was investigated by exposing oocytes to solutions of Me2SO for 2 to 30 minutes. We identified a time-dependent osmotic damage model, a temperature-dependent damage model, and a temperature and time-dependent cytotoxicity model. We combined these models to estimate total damage during a cryoprotectant loading protocol and determined the optimal loading protocol for any given goal intracellular cryoprotectant concentration. Given our fitted models, we find sea urchin oocytes can only be loaded to 13% Me2SO v/v with about 50% survival. This synthesis of multiple damage modalities is the first of its kind and enables a novel approach to modelling cryoprotectant equilibration survival for cells in general.
Improving the success of reinforcement programs: effects of a two-week confinement in a field enclosure on the anti-predator behaviour of captive-bred European hamsters
Authors: Fleitz Julie , Enstipp Manfred R. , Parent Emilie , Jumeau Jonathan , Handrich Yves , Tissier Mathilde L.
Published: September 2023

Captive breeding programs are an important pillar in biodiversity conservation, aiming to prevent the extinction of threatened species. However, the establishment of self-sustaining populations in the wild through the release of captive-bred animals is often hampered by a high mortality upon release. In this study, we investigated how a 2-week confinement period within a large field enclosure affected the anti-predator behaviour of ‘naive’ captive-bred hamsters and how potential modifications persisted over time. During three consecutive tests, hamsters were confronted with a moving predator model (a red fox mount, Vulpes vulpes) and their behaviour was filmed. After the initial round of confrontation with the predator model, one group of hamsters (field group) was released into a field enclosure protected from predators, while the other group (control) remained in their individual laboratory cages. After 2 weeks, hamsters from the field group were recaptured and individuals of both groups underwent a second confrontation test. A total of 1 month after their return from the field enclosure, field hamsters were subjected to a last confrontation test. Video analysis, investigating four behavioural variables, revealed that field hamsters significantly modified their behavioural response following the 2 weeks confinement in the enclosure, while this was not the case for control hamsters. In addition, most behavioural modifications in field hamsters persisted over 1 month, while others started to revert. We suggest that an appropriate pre-release period inside a field enclosure will enable naive (captive-bred) hamsters to develop an adequate anti-predator behaviour that will increase their immediate survival probability upon release into the wild. We believe that such measure will be of great importance for hamster conservation programs.
Construction and validation of a PANoptosis-related lncRNA signature for predicting prognosis and targeted drug response in thyroid cancer
Authors: Li Ruowen , Zhao Mingjian , Sun Min , Miao Chengxu , Lu Jinghui
Published: September 2023

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the endocrine system. PANoptosis, a newly discovered cell death pathway, is of interest in tumor research. However, the relationship between PANoptosis-related lncRNAs (PRlncRNAs) and TC remains unclear. The study aimed to develop a prognostic model based on PRlncRNAs in TC. Gene expression data of PANoptosis-associated genes and clinical information on TC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, univariate/multivariate Cox analysis, and Lasso Cox regression analysis. A PRlncRNA signature was constructed and used to develop a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS). We further explored the correlation between the risk score and tumor immune microenvironment, immune checkpoints, and drug sensitivity. Moreover, we verified the expression and biological function of lncRNAs in TC cell lines. Finally, seven PRlncRNAs were used to construct a prognostic model for predicting the OS of TC patients. We found that the risk score was associated with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the expression of critical immune checkpoints. In addition, we screened for drugs that high- or low-risk TC groups might be sensitive to. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results showed differential expression of four PRlncRNAs (GAPLINC, IDI2-AS1, LINC02154, and RBPMS-AS1) between tumor and normal tissues. Besides, a GEO database (GSE33630) was used to verify the expression differences of PRLncRNAs in THCA tissues and normal tissues. Finally, RBPMS-AS1 was found to inhibit the proliferation and migration of TC cells. In conclusion, we developed a PANoptosis-related lncRNA prognostic risk model that offers a comprehensive understanding of TME status in patients with TC and establishes a foundation for the choice of sensitive medications and immunotherapy.
Prevalence of Psychosocial Problems among School-going Children aged 4-10 Years: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Garg Shikha , Mittal Jaikrishan , Kumar Rakesh
Published: September 2023

Introduction: A substantial proportion of the Indian population comprises children under 15 years of age. The prevalence of psychosocial disorders in children is increasing, coinciding with a decrease in infection-related morbidities. Psychosocial disorders may not only have short-term effects but also have long-lasting effects on the child’s well-being. Aim: To assess the prevalence of psychosocial disorders in children aged 4-10 years and compare it before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as an online survey originating from Rukmani Birla Hospital, a tertiary care centre in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. A total of 171 children aged between 4-10 years were included in the study, from February 2021 to June 2021. A structured survey questionnaire was distributed using Google Forms. The Childhood Psychopathological Measurement Schedule (CPMS) was used to assess psychosocial problems in children. CPMS scoring was performed for both the pre-pandemic period (before March 2020) and the post-pandemic period (from March 2020 until the form was filled out) for the same children. The Chi-square test was used to compare the association of demographic variables with the CPMS score. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of the children was 6.82±2.06 years, with 47.4% (81/171) being females. A majority of the children, 158 (92.4%), were from an urban setting. The average CPMS score significantly increased from 6.66±7.46 to 11.9±10.8 (p-value <0.05) after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Before the pandemic, 28 (16.37%) children had an abnormal CPMS score, while after the pandemic, 73 (42.69%) had an abnormal score. Prior to the pandemic, 96 (56.14%) children had a screen time of 1-2 hours per day, but after the pandemic, 94 (55%) had a screen time of more than four hours. Psychosocial problems were significantly higher in nuclear families before the pandemic (p-value <0.05) and significantly higher in children with increased screen time after the pandemic (p-value <0.01). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in psychosocial disorders among children. There is an urgent need to address these issues in children at an early stage so that early interventions can be implemented.
Differences in history-taking skills between male and female chiropractic student interns
Authors: Sheppard Michael , Johnson Stephanie , Quiroz Victor , Ward John
Published: September 2023

Objective

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a difference in history-taking skills between male and female chiropractic student interns.

Methods

This study included 2040 patient histories collected by student interns over a 3-year period. Students were assessed by chiropractic college clinicians on reasoning (ability to derive clinically relevant information using a mnemonic for taking a history), communication, and professionalism using a modified Dreyfus model scoring system on a 1–4 scale (1 = novice, 4 = proficient). Ordinal dependent variables were scores for reasoning, communication, and professionalism. The categorical independent variable was sex of the student intern (male or female). A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare for differences in nonparametric dependent variables by the sex of the students.

Results

The Mann-Whitney U test revealed that communication scores were greater for female chiropractic interns compared with male chiropractic interns (p < .001, with a small effect size (r = −.08). There was no statistically significant effect for sex on reasoning (p = .263) or professionalism (p = .098).

Conclusion

Female chiropractic student interns scored higher than male interns on communication skills during a history-taking patient encounter. This supports the trend seen among female medical school students and physicians that women score higher than men on communication-related assessments.