bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PSYCHOCOGNITIVE STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION COMBINED WITH POST-COVID SYNDROME
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, SHPAGINA L.A. ,   City Clinical Hospital № 2, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, SHPAGIN I.S. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation,   City Clinical Hospital № 2, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, KHIDIROVA L.D. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation,   Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Cardiology Dispensary, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, VASILENKO A.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation,   City Clinical Hospital № 2, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

Objective: To study the psychocognitive status of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) combined with post-COVID syndrome (PCS). Methods: A prospective cohort study involved 134 patients (84 men and 50 women), mean age 62.4±0.6 years, with AH (controlled arterial hypertension, Grade 1-3). The duration of AH was 5.6±0.2 years. Among them 73 patients and a history of COVID-19 infection (confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection; duration more than 12 weeks) with subsequent development of PCS, while 61 patients did not have a history of COVID-19. Patients with PCS which were diagnosed with depressive syndrome, were further divided into two subgroups depending on agomelatine intake (those who received this medication and those who refused). A general clinical examination and psychodiagnostics were carried out using validated methods, such as HADS and SPMSQ. Statistical analysis was carried out in the RStudio program. Results: Based on the HADS questionnaire, patients with PCS demonstrated a higher rate of depressive syndrome compared to the patients without a history of COVID-19 (41% vs. 12%, p<0.001). Based on the severity of depressive syndrome, the following rates were found in the groups: subclinically expressed depression – in 26% of patients with PCS vs. 12% of patients without COVID-19 (p<0.001), clinically pronounced depression (only in the group of patients with PCS) – in 15% (p=0.007). Additionally, in patients with PCS psychocogniцtive function was assessed using SPMSQ questionnaire; among them those receiving agomelatine showed significantly less frequent and severe psychocognitive dysfunction compared to those who refuse the medication intake (32% vs. 94%, p=0.001). Conclusion: Patients with PCS are characterized by a more severe manifestation of anxiety-depressive syndrome, and the use of agomelatine shows statistically significant effectiveness in this category of patients.
UNDERSTANDING OF CHRONIC VENOUS DISEASES AS A MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROBLEM: SHIFTING FROM A DISEASE-SPECIFIC, LINEAR VIEW TO A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Surgery Department, Centre for Medical and Corporate Training, Moscow, Russian Federation, OLIMI SH. ,   “SM-Clinic” Phlebology Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation, MNATSAKANYAN G.V. ,   “SM-Clinic” Phlebology Centre, Moscow, Russian Federation, ODINOKOVA S.N. ,   Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute for Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

Chronic venous diseases (CVD) are examined in this review from the perspective of the continuity of the venous system of the lower extremities and pelvis. The review emphasizes the most clinically significant manifestations of venous insufficiency in the lower extremities, pelvic veins, and varicose veins of the scrotum and hemorrhoids. Due to the unity of pathogenesis and similarity of symptoms of venous stasis in different locations, the review stresses the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing this category of patients. Assessing venous symptoms in the presence of comorbidities such as osteoarthritis, diabetes mellitus, and arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities is one of the most essential clinical tasks facing a phlebologist. At the same time, the modern trend in the treatment of CVD, regardless of the anatomical location, is endovenous and minimally invasive technologies that combine surgical radicalism with minimally invasive interventions. This review is based on analyzing published materials in the three most common electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. The primary search query strategy included the following keywords: chronic venous disease, venous insufficiency, pelvic venous disorders, hemorrhoidal disease, and varicocele. Keywords: Chronic venous diseases, varicose veins of the lower extremities, pelvic vein diseases, varicocele, hemorrhoids.
MICROSURGICAL TREATMENT OF DISTAL POSTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR ARTERY ANEURYSM DURING THE COLD PERIOD AFTER SPONTANEOUS INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery and Polytrauma, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, RAKHIMOV N.O. ,   National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan «Shifobakhsh», Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, RAKHMONOV KH.D. ,   Department of Neurosurgery and Polytrauma, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan,   National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan «Shifobakhsh», Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, SANGINOV D.R. ,   Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Imaging, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, DAVLATOV M.V. ,   Department of Neurosurgery and Polytrauma, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan,   National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan «Shifobakhsh», Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2024

Aneurysms located on the distal portion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) are a rare disease that requires special treatment. Keeping the artery patent while excluding the aneurysm from the blood flow is essential during surgery. The patency ensures adequate blood circulation in the surrounding tissues and reduces the risk of ischemic complications. Therefore, carefully manipulating nearby anatomical structures is crucial to ensure successful surgery, minimize complications, and achieve optimal treatment results. This article describes a case of successful surgical intervention in a patient with a complex distal PICA aneurysm. The surgery was performed in the area of the anterior medullary segment using an extended retrosigmoid retrocondylar approach combined with C1 hemilaminectomy and monitoring the V3 segment of the vertebral artery. This approach has proven safe and effective, representing a promising alternative for the microsurgical treatment of PICA aneurysms, both in the acute and subacute stages of hemorrhage. The chosen surgical tactics helped prevent recurrent subarachnoid and intraventricular bleeding, as well as minimize the risk of ischemia, edema, and compression of the brain stem. These complications could lead to severe disability or even death. Keywords: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery, distal aneurysm, intraventricular hemorrhage, microsurgical treatment, aneurysm clipping, clinical case.
PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION IN A PATIENT WITH UPPER LIMB VENOUS OBSTRUCTION: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular Surgery and Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russian Federation, POVAROV V.O. , KALININ R.E. ,   Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular Surgery and Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russian Federation, MZHAVANADZE N.D. ,   Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular Surgery and Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russian Federation, SUCHKOV I.A. ,   Department of Cardiovascular, Endovascular Surgery and Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

Today, permanent cardiac pacing is the most effective way to correct bradyarrhythmia. Most pacemaker leads are implanted through the veins of the upper extremities. Common vein access involves either a cephalic vein cutdown or a puncture of the subclavian or axillary veins. Implantation of leads may become technically difficult or unfeasible if there is an anomaly in the structure of the veins or, more often, occlusion/stenosis of the veins of the upper extremities after thrombosis. The article presents It is illustrated with the case of a 75-year-old patient with indications for pacemaker implantation presented by the article. The first implantation attempt was unsuccessful: extensive occlusion of the left subclavian vein (SCV) and stenosis of the right SCV were detected. The venous obstruction was asymptomatic. The patient underwent venography and was diagnosed with up to 90% luminal narrowing of the right SCV. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the right SCV was performed; the residual stenosis was 50%. Subsequently, a dual-chamber pacemaker was successfully implanted into the patient; the postoperative period was uneventful. The vein obstruction could be related to a history of malignant neoplasm of the uterus. A brief literature review of various types of vascular access for pacemaker implantation and alternative implantation options complements the case report. Keywords: Pacemaker, venous thromboembolic complications, deep vein thrombosis, deep vein stenosis, angioplasty.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, BOBOKHOJAEV O.I. , BOBOEV M.U. ,   Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, NUROVA G.M. ,   Department of Phthisiopulmonology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2024

On average, almost every second case of tuberculosis (TB) among patients with HIV infection remains undetected. A clinical observation of two twin girls aged nine years is presented here when extrapulmonary foci of TB dissemination were identified using high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole body. This paper presents a clinical case illustrating the high effectiveness of MRI compared with computed tomography (CT) with less radiation exposure of the body of an HIV-infected child. Keywords: Tuberculosis, HIV infection, children, diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging, molecular genetic method, immunochromatographic method, clinical case.
DYNAMIC SPLINTING FOR TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION IN CHILDREN UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE
Authors:   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, RAZZOKOV A.A. , KARIEVA M.Z. ,   Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Military Surgery, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2024

Objective: To enhance the outcomes of conservative treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) with congenital hip dislocation (CHD) in infants under one year by using dynamic splinting (DS). Methods: The study examined the treatment of CHD in 206 infants during their first year of life. There were 164 girls (79.6%) and 42 boys (20.4%). Patient age distribution: up to 3 months – 17.0%, 4-6 months – 28.6%, 7-9 months – 40.3%, and 10-12 months – 14.1%. 151 (73.3%) had unilateral dislocation, and 55 (26.7%) had bilateral dislocation. The control group (n=101) used splints with rigid fixation of the limb in 67 (66.3%) and in 34 (33.7%) patients, the CITO splint and the Vilensky splint were used, respectively. In the main group, 105 patients (51.0%) used two DS types developed by study authors. Results: The study showed that traditional splints used in the control group had disadvantages associated with the rigid fixation of limbs, i.e., lack of mobility leading to hip joint (HJ) contracture and aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. Two types of dynamic hip abduction splints were developed to overcome these shortcomings. The first is called the DS, which is used to treat CHD in children without aseptic necrosis or in the absence of the threat of such a complication. The second is called dynamic distraction splint (DDS), which was developed to treat CHD with avascular necrosis or in the presence of a risk of such a complication. The implementation of these approaches resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the frequency of aseptic necrosis (from 15.8% to 1.9%, p<0.05), HJ contracture (from 18.8% to 3.8%, p<0.05), residual phenomena (from 14.9% to 4.7%, p<0.05), and a decrease in the frequency of unsatisfactory results compared to traditional approaches (7.6% versus 22.8%, p<0.05). Conclusion: The DS technique enables achieving maximum mobility in the HJ while maintaining the abduction and preserving the function of the structure during the actual treatment process at different ages. This, in turn, assists in enhancing the treatment outcomes for the patients. Keywords: Congenital hip dislocation, conservative treatment, abduction splints, dynamic distraction splints.
COMPLIANCE AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, JAMOLOVA R.J. , MUKHABBATOV D.K. ,   Department of General Surgery № 1 named after Professor A.N. Kakhkhorov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, RAKHMONOV D.T. ,   Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, ALI-ZADE S.G. ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 1 named after Academician K.M. Kurbonov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: March 2024

The causes and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not fully understood and can be influenced by various factors such as genetic, environmental, and immune system dysfunction. With chronicity, IBD requires long-term medication use. Therefore, strictly adhering to the prescribed treatment regimen is essential to prevent relapses and achieve remission. This review article evaluates the relationship between treatment adherence (also compliance) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with IBD. We conducted a literature search using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and eLibrary to analyze scientific articles published between 2013 and 2023. We included articles that presented the results of assessing quality of life and/or adherence to treatment in patients with IBD. We excluded articles that evaluated patients with other concomitant conditions or provided incomplete data. Keywords: Inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, compliance, quality of life.
Dashboard Design for New Employee Candidate Program at XYZ Bank Using Tableau
Authors: Winona Aisyah Vasthi , Siswanto Teddy , Sugiarto Dedy
Published: March 2024

Bank XYZ is a government-owned company engaged in the banking sector, requires data and information support to support decisions to be taken by Company leadership because the current system requires a fairly long process in presenting the supporting data. So this research aims to design a dashboard to make it easier for management to obtain important information for decision making. The research methodology uses a flow starting from problem identification, needs analysis, raw data acquisition, OLAP design, ETL process and visualization. This research uses Pentaho tools to carry out the ETL process and Tableau tools to create dashboards. Based on the OLAP design of this research, a fact table for the distribution of ODP and a dimension table consisting of location, trip, city, start date, end date, class, gender, university and major were formed. As a result of this research, the design that has been made means that dashboard users/managers can anticipate or detect early delays in the process of making a rundown for the next stage of the journey, users/managers of the dashboard can anticipate or detect early delays in the process of making a rundown for the next stage of the journey, can find out about universities and the most study programs for more precise decision making, and has a data filtering feature which is useful for searching for certain data more quickly so that the decision making process can be supported by the information produced.
A dicionarização como ferramenta de revitalização de línguas ameaçadas: dois relatos de experiência
Authors: Soares Matheus Augusto Ribeiro , Rodrigues Junior Douglas da Costa , Galucio Ana Vilacy
Published: March 2024

Muitas línguas indígenas brasileiras têm sido forçadas em um caminho que leva à perda de espaços de uso e, em última instância, ao seu desaparecimento devido, principalmente, à quebra de transmissão da língua entre as gerações do povo e consequente redução do número de falantes. Nesse contexto, iniciativas voltadas à documentação e revitalização dessas línguas têm aumentado no país. Dicionários multimídia que apresentam imagens e áudio e/ou vídeos com a pronúncia das palavras e de exemplos de uso, estão entre as diversas estratégias, produtos e atividades que podem ser utilizadas para auxiliar processos de fortalecimento e revitalização linguística. A dicionarização de uma língua é uma tarefa complexa, mas que pode ser aliada nos processos de documentação e revitalização. Os dicionários constituem um meio de fácil acesso a informações e dados da língua. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o relato de pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito de dois projetos de Iniciação Científica voltados à organização de dicionários multimídia bilíngues para duas línguas extremamente ameaçadas. A partir dessa experiência, no âmbito da formação de jovens pesquisadores, refletimos sobre como as metodologias de descrição e documentação podem ser associadas à metodologia de dicionarização para auxiliar no processo de revitalização de línguas ameaçadas. Os resultados indicam que a dicionarização de línguas ameaçadas constitui uma ferramenta importante nos processos de revitalização e documentação de uma língua. O dicionário é útil e importante do ponto de vista científico e também do ponto de vista da aplicação prática, se incorporado pela comunidade de fala, para uso, podendo servir de ferramenta para o processo de revitalização da língua. Os dicionários também possuem relevância como fonte de dados linguísticos para estudos histórico-comparativos e tipológicos. A participação em projetos de pesquisa em programas de da Iniciação Científica contribui positivamente para a formação de jovens pesquisadores.
The long-term effect on functional outcome of endoscopic brainwashing for intraventricular hemorrhage compared to external ventricular drainage alone: A retrospective single-center cohort study
Authors: Sarti Talita Helena Martins , Costa Marcos Devanir Silva da , Araujo Daniel Paz , Watanabe Rodrigo Akira , Zymberg Samuel Tau , Suriano Ítalo Capraro , Cavalheiro Sergio , Chaddad-Neto Feres
Published: March 2024

Background:

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a complex condition with both mechanical and chemical effects, resulting in mortality rates of 50–80%. Recent reports advocate for neuroendoscopic treatment, particularly endoscopic brainwashing (EBW), but long-term functional outcomes remain insufficiently explored. This study aims to outline the step-by-step procedure of EBW as applied in our institution, providing results and comparing them with those of external ventricular drainage (EVD) alone.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective analysis of adult patients with IVH who underwent EBW and patients submitted to EVD alone at our institution. All medical records were reviewed to describe clinical and radiological characteristics.

Results:

Although both groups had similar baseline factors, EBW patients exhibited a larger hemoventricle (median Graeb score 25 vs. 23 in EVD, P = 0.03) and a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Short-term mortality was lower in EBW (52% and 60% at 1 and 6 months) compared to EVD (80% for both), though not statistically significant (P = 0.06). At one month, 16% of EBW patients achieved a good outcome (Modified Rankin scale < 3) versus none in the EVD group (P = 0.1). In the long term, favorable outcomes were observed in 32% of EBW patients and 11% of EVD patients (P = 0.03), with no significant difference in shunt dependency.

Conclusion:

Comparing EBW and EVD, patients submitted to the former treatment have the highest modified Graeb scores and, at a long-term follow-up, have better outcomes, demonstrated by the improvement of the patients in the follow-up.
تطوير الإشراف التربوي في ضوء النمو الكمي والنوعي للمشرفين التربويين والمعلمين في مدينة الرياض
Authors: جراح علي يحيى , البقيه محمد ناصر
Published: March 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم حالة الإشراف التعليمي في الرياض، وتحديد التحديات المواجهة، واقتراح حلول لتعزيزها. باستخدام طريقة الاستطلاع الوصفي، تم جمع البيانات من خلال استبيانات من 339 مشاركاً يمثلون مختلف القطاعات. أظهرت النتائج مستوى عالٍ من الواقعية والتحديات في الإشراف التعليمي، مشيرة إلى العقبات التي تعيق فعاليته. تسلط الحلول المقترحة الضوء على تبسيط دور المشرفين التعليميين. وشملت التوصيات فصل الإشراف التقني والإداري، وتوفير الدعم الإداري الكافي، وإنشاء أدوار مساعد المشرف، وتفعيل المجتمعات المهنية للتعلم. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تم اقتراح الاستفادة من المنصات الإلكترونية للإشراف، وزيادة عدد المشرفين، وإعطاء الأولوية للمؤهلات في التعيينات، وتعزيز الطرق الإشرافية الجماعية مثل الاجتماعات والندوات. تهدف هذه التوصيات إلى معالجة التحديات الحالية وتعزيز النمو الكمي والنوعي في الإشراف التعليمي في الرياض.
Wound Care- Current Global Perspective
Authors:   Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Jha Neerod Kumar , Tariq Gulnaz ,   Department of Wound Care, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Cruz Salvacion Pangilinan ,   Department of Wound Care, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Koshy Shyja ,   Department of Wound Care, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Varghese Shiney ,   Department of Wound Care, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Manapla Alice ,   Department of Wound Care, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Rajkumar Benedict ,   Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Montiel Juan Pablo ,   Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Omelchenko Aleksandr ,   Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Published: March 2024

The current era has evolved from topical wound therapy to the concept of holistic wound management. There was a time when the wound was considered as a “hole” for the treatment purposes but now the management has changed to treatment of the wound as “whole”. The slow rate of healing, complications, wastage of resources and associated cost is detrimental to the patients with chronic wounds and a burden to the organizations. Now, the spectrum of wound care has expanded to an international inter-professional wound care approach. The “Diabetic Foot” is a leading cause of chronic wound and has become a pandemic as per experts in the field. The awareness about wound care is growing up day by day and all the contributions are from various sources that include setting up of local wound care teams and practices in the hospitals, streamlining the work, knowledge sharing and of course publication of scientific data in the reputed journals. This review is an attempt to update the current status of wound care at a global scale in order to identify issues from the perspective of patients, care providers, logistics and management of wounds. The newer advances and approaches in the wound care have been discussed. This might help in formulating future strategies for better outcomes.
Extension Activities of the Government Poultry Farm, Amanotgang, Barishal, Bangladesh
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh, SU Khan , B Matubber ,   Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, Bangladesh, MM Hossain ,   Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh, A Al Mamun ,   Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh, H Rashid ,   Department of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh, MH Hasan ,   Department of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh
Published: March 2024

To fulfill the demand of meat and eggs for the growing population, Government of Bangladesh established some poultry farm in the different region of the country. Government poultry Farm, Amanotgang, Barishal is one of them which was established in 1956. The area of this farm is near about 18 Acre. A number of buildings and sheds are established to support the rearing and production processes in the premises. The main activities of this farm is extension of poultry technologies. Initially, they had duck for the extension. But, government stopped the program since 2006. Now, they maintain Rhode Island Red and Fayoumi as parents. The crossbreds named Sonali are used for meat production. They marketed different aged birds. The source of the parents is Central Poultry Farm, Mirpur, Dhaka. In the farm, there are three Technical Officers and others supporting staff. The vision of the farm are solve the unemployment problem and production of egg and meat to meet the growing demand of protein. Their routine activities includes brooding management, shed preparation, grower and layer management, ration formulation, hatchery operation and management, litter management, beak trimming, vaccination, medication and biosecurity management. Marketing of birds is also another important activities. They arrange motivational campaign for building awareness among the farmers about bio-security and more important side of the poultry rearing system.
Determining the Distribution of Tsetse Fly in Gurage Zone, Enemorenaener District, SNNPR of Ethiopia
Authors:   Department of Quality and Safety Assurance Directorate, Microbiology Laboratory Team Leader, Ethiopian Meat and Dairy Industry Development Institute, Ethiopia, T Tamirat
Published: March 2024

The study was conducted in Gurage zone, Enemorenaener district of Southern Nation and Nationalities people’s regional state of Ethiopia to assess the apparent densities and distribution of tsetse flies. First questioner survey was conducted and 67% of the asked people says trypanosomiasis is predominant disease in the study area. For entomological survey, 20 NGU traps were deployed and the apparent fly density was determined. The assessment of tsetse flies indicated that the Glossina morsitance and Glossina paladipes were major biological vectors for bovine trypanosomiasis in the study area with apparent densities of 1.85 fly/trap/day. Other biting flies (tabanides and stomoxys) were also collected indicating the possibility of mechanical transmission. The result of the questioners and present study revealed that tsetse fly is most important vector in the study area. Therefore it requires further detailed studies and integrated tsetse flies vector control as well as a high commitment of the community is required to fully and willingly participate in the operation to effectively control and finally eradicate tsetse flies.
Iodine, an Effective Substance against the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, MR Rezaei Ahvanooei
Published: March 2024

In addition to being an essential element in the production of thyroid hormones, iodine also has many biological functions. A potential benefit of iodine if consumed adequately includes increasing and improving immune function. Iodine can support the innate immune system in fighting bacterial and viral infections. The leukocyte myeloperoxidase enzyme uses iodine in cell-induced immunity. Like thyroid cells, this peroxidase uses hydrogen peroxide to oxidize tyrosine to the tyrosyl radical, and its inactivity causes immunodeficiency. In vitro, iodine has been shown to increase Immunoglobulin-G synthesis in human lymphocytes. Suppression and weakening of the immune system, which includes cytokine dysfunction and the acute phase response to infections, have a negative effect on inflammatory diseases. Therefore, iodine can play a significant role in the effective response to inflammatory diseases by strengthening the immune system. Another aspect of the effective use of iodine against contaminants, especially viral contaminants, is its use as an effective agent in disinfectants. So that, Povidone Iodine (PVP-I) is now widely used in dentistry and even surgery. At present, due to the widespread prevalence of COVID-19 and the low production and availability of vaccines in all countries, finding and providing appropriate, low-cost and affordable solutions to strengthen the immune system and combat COVID-19 is of great importance. Therefore, based on the information obtained, we hypothesize that adequate iodine intake, especially through dairy consumption, can strengthen the immune system in people and due to its antiviral and inflammatory properties, iodine can be used as a preventive agent against COVID-19.
A Short Review on Blackleg in Ruminants
Authors:   Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center, Sebeta, Ethiopia, Guyassa Chala
Published: March 2024

Blackleg is an endogenous acute infection that principally affects ruminants. It is Clostridium chauvoei, anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, causes the disease, which manifests as an acute, localized inflammation of muscle tissue produced by development of the blackleg organisms. Although blackleg may occur at any time of year, more cattle are lost during the summer months. In recent years, the major virulence factors of C. chauvoei have been discovered and described. However, the pathogenesis of blackleg in ruminant, and in particular the pathogen’s movement from the place of entrance to the affected tissues is yet unknown. When outbreaks arise, it is prevented by vaccination; in the early stages of the disease, it is treated with antibiotics, most notably penicillin, which is an effective therapy for the condition. Control of this disease is based on strict husbandry methods and a vaccination program. The key virulence factors of C. chauvoei have been found and characterized in recent years. This review covers the most recent research discoveries that contribute to a better understanding of the disease and provides the basis for preventative efforts.
Coenurosis Cerebralis Case Investigation in Indigenous Goat at Womberema District of North Western Ethiopia
Authors:   Department of Zoological Sciences Aquatic Science, Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, D Zewde , T Ashagrie ,   Department of Zoological Sciences Aquatic Science, Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

The current case report was raised from indigenous goat breed of Soma village of Womberema district of North Western Ethiopia. The goat was presented with a history of circling movement towards the left side. Diagnosis of the case was held both through tentative (clinical observation) and based on post mortem inspection and macroscopic visualization of the cyst under investigation for confirmation. The availability for definitive hosts (domestic and wild canines) has been also one of the main factors considered as inclusion criteria for the parasite investigation. Based on clinical observation the goat (Doe) showed circling towards the left, uncoordinated movement, and unable to browse properly. Based on clinical sign and presence of definitive hosts at the area the case has been defined for coenurosis cerebralis. For further confirmatory diagnosis postmortem inspection for the brain was undertaken. Indeed, the presence of cyst which were settled superficially in the left cerebral hemisphere of the brain, with fluctuant consistency, and filled with numerous white protoscolex was a confirmatory diagnosis for a larval stage of taenia multiceps called coenurosis cerebralis. In conclusion the disease causes great economic loss in small ruminants directly by animal mortality and production impairment through weight loss. The community should regularly deworm dogs and proper disposal of the brain of infected sheep and goats after slaughter; will be highly recommended as a prevention and control method of the parasite.
Review Onepidemiology of Contagious Bovine Pleuoro Pneumonia and Its Economic Impacts in Ethiopia
Authors:   Yemalogiwelel Woreda Livestock and Fisheries Development Office, Ethiopia, A Girma , A Bekele ,   Ejere Woreda Livestock and Fisheries Development Office, Ethiopia, G Girma ,   Meta Robi Woreda Livestock and Fisheries Development Office West Shoa, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

Mycoplasma Mycoides subsp. Mycoides “Small Colony” (MmmSC) causes the infectious and contagious respiratory disease known as Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP), which has a significant negative effect on livestock output and the propensity to spread quickly. The aim of this paper is to review the epidemiology and economic impacts of CBPP in Ethiopia. Contagious Bovine pleuropneumonia is an endemic disease in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Iberian Peninsula. Contagious Bovine pleuropneumonia is mainly transmitted from animal to animal in respiratory aerosols. The clinical manifestations of CBPP in cattle range from hyper acute, acute, sub acute and chronic forms. Diagnosis CBPP based on a history of contact with infected animals, clinical findings, Immuno-diagnosis tests, necropsy findings and cultural examination. Thrombosis in the pulmonary arteries is a hallmark of the CBPP pathogenesis in susceptible animals. The impact that Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) can impart in an economy of a given country is so vast and tremendous that it is not advisable to overlook like any of the ordinary routine diseases of livestock that can be easily removed by treatment or self-cure. Movement control, vaccination, and treatment are essential tools in CBPP control and eradication. Regular program of mass vaccination and best treatment regime. Moreover, effective vaccination policy needs to be considered as it is the only realistic method of choice for control of CBPP in Ethiopia.
Determining the Extent of IBR, BVD and Bovine Brucellosis Based on Abortion History of Dairy Cattle’s Reared at College of Wondo Genet Forestry and Natural Resources, Sidama, Ethiopia
Authors:   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, D Zewde , A Bulbula ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, AG Mekonnen ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, C Dima ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, A Garoma ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, C Guyasa ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, G Kinfe ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, T Benti ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, T Worku ,   Animal Health Institute, Ethiopia, T Belay ,   Hawassa University, College of Forestry and natural Resources, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

The study was conducted in the Wondo Genet district of the Sidama region of Ethiopia to identify the cause of sporadic abortion occurrence in dairy cattle kept in the college. Serum samples were collected for the test from a total of 101 cattle with essential epidemiological data. Disease investigations were carried out on IBR gB ELISA for BoHV-1 antibody detection, BVD for antibody and antigen detection ELISA, and Rose Bengal plate test for Bovine brucellosis antibody detection. Of 101 serum samples examined for these diseases; IBR was found 28.7% (29/101) seropositive for bovine herpesvirus-1 antibody detection and the other two diseases (i.e. bovine brucellosis and BVD) showed negative (0%). Out of, 16 cows with a history of abortion, 10 (62.5%) were positive for the antibody detection of BoHV-1 which was statistically significant when compared to non-aborted groups (p=0.003). The farm had used bulls for breeding purposes and was positive upon examination for IBR. So that the seropositivity of this bull had a direct causal effect on the breeding cows on the farm as the disease was majorly transmitted through the reproductive tract. The result of the present study revealed that IBR is the most important disease in the area which is causing a significant economic loss on the dairy farm. Therefore, it requires further detailed studies on the level of antigen detection using some sophisticated test methods like real-time PCR.
How Can Fluorosis in Animals be Diagnosed and Prevented?
Authors:   Department of Advanced Science and Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, India, SL Choubisa
Published: March 2024

Prolonged fluoride (F) exposure in domestic and wild mammalian animals either through fluoridated drinking water or/and industrial F pollution or airborne F emission causes a serious F poisoning in the form of fluorosis disease. This dreaded disease is a worldwide health problem in both man and animals and endemic in several countries. Thousands of domesticated animals (bovines, flocks, equines, camels, etc.) in the world are suffering with fluorosis due to drinking of water having F >1.0 or 1.5 mg/L and chronic exposure to industrial F emission. In this disease, mainly in the teeth and bones, many types of permanent and irreversible deformities develop one after the other, which are very painful and dangerous for the animal health. But this disease also affects other parts or soft organs of the animal body. F-induced toxic effects or anomalies in teeth, bones, and soft organs are generally referred as dental, skeletal, and non-skeletal fluorosis, respectively. Nevertheless, skeletal fluorosis is most dangerous in animals, due to which animals become victims of lameness at an early age. Fluorosis can be easily diagnosed when it is an advanced stage, but it is a bit difficult to diagnose when it is in its early stages. Nevertheless, on the basis of appearance of its main clinical or pathognomonic signs and careful physical examination, the presence of this disease in the animal can be confirmed or diagnosed. In present editorial, for researchers and investigators, some helpful and important parameters for the diagnosis of fluorosis in domesticated animals such as history, diverse clinical or pathognomonic signs, and the testing of biological samples, blood serum and urine for evidence of F have been highlighted. Simultaneously, different possible or feasible ways for the mitigation or prevention of chronic F poisoning in domestic animals have also been discussed. Along with this, those simple measures how to save animals from getting fluorosis have also been described well in this editorial.
Isolation and Antibiogram of Escherichia coli Isolated from Selected Dairy Farm at Sebeta, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors:   Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia, A Shubisa , S Sintayehu ,   Animal Health Institute (AHI), Sebeta, P.O. Box, 04, Ethiopia, A Mekonnen ,   Animal Health Institute (AHI), Sebeta, P.O. Box, 04, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

Mastitis is the most prevalent disease of dairy animals, imparting huge economic losses to the dairy industry. Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria are among the common causes of mastitis in dairy animals. A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2021 to August 2021 on lactating Cattle suffering from mastitis cases to isolate Escherichia coli and to assess their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in Sebeta town, Oromia Special Zones, Ethiopia. Prevalence of mastitis by California Mastitis Test at cow level was found to be 87.14% (122/140), out of which 12.85% (18/140) and 74.28% (104/140) were clinical and subclinical, respectively. The study revealed that out of the 560 quarters examined, 24 (4.2%) of them were blind and 536 were functional. The Escherichia coli isolated from CMT positive was 8.07% (31/384); from this clinically and sub clinically affected udder were 1.04% (4/384) and 7.03% (27/384) respectively. Finally, the antimicrobial profiles of the 31 E. coli confirmed isolates were assessed using 10 different antimicrobials. Out of the 31 isolates tested, 7 (22.58%) isolates were found to be highly resistant to Ampicillin, 5 (16.12%) isolates were resistant to Trimethoprim+Sulphamethoxazole, and 3 (9.67%) and 4(12.9%) isolates were developed resistant to Amoxicillin+Cluvanate acid and Tetracycline respectively. However, all thirty-one isolates of Escherichia coli were found to be highly susceptible to five antimicrobials namely Ciprofloxacin (100%), Cefoxitin (100%), Meropenem (100%), Cefotaxime (100%) and Gentamycin (100%). In conclusion, this study determined the importance of Escherichia coli as one of mastitis causing bacterium of the dairy industry and investigated its antimicrobial resistance pattern. Thus, researchers would like to emphasize the need for urgent intervention to control the diseases and prevent the associated loss.
Pregnancy, Parturition and Resumption of Ovarian Cyclicity in Beef Cows
Authors:   Department of Research and Specialist Services, Matopos Research Institute, Zimbabwe, T Bruce , W Soul ,   Department of Livestock, Wildlife & Fisheries, Great Zimbabwe University, Zimbabwe
Published: March 2024

Communal farmers find it very difficult to control animal breeding hence fixed Time Artificial Insemination (TAI) is a promising technique. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of bull age and breed on pregnancy rate, and the post-partum interval in extensively managed communal beef cows. A total of 577 female animals with a body condition score between 2.5 and 3, from three breeds; Brahman (189), Nkone (18) and Mashona (370) were used. Fixed time artificial insemination using the ovsynch protocol was done using semen from four different bull breeds (Mashona, Tuli, Brahman and Boran) aged between 3 to 6 years. The percentage of cows identified pregnant were analysed using generalized linear mixed model PROC GLIMIXX of SAS. The effects of cow parity on PPI were evaluated using the general linear model of SAS. Conception rates were 53.2; 57.3 and 75% for Brahman, Mashona and Nguni cows respectively. Animals in their third parity had the highest conception rate. Young bulls less than 3 years of age had the least pregnancy rate while Mashona bulls had the highest pregnancy rate. There was a breed by parity interaction on PPA interval (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that PGF2α and Estradiol Benzoate (EB) could be successfully used to induce and synchronize ovulation in cattle undergoing TAI, sire age significantly influenced conception rate as well as that the post-partum interval is dependent on breed and parity.
Review on Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Characteristic, Pathogenesis and Control Methods Applied for the Disease
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia, D Zewde , G Gemeda ,   Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia, T Ashagrie ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Health Institute, Sebeta, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) is an envelope, non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Pneumovirus genus within the subfamily Pneumovirinae, family Paramyxoviridae. The virus virion consists of a lipid envelope, derived from the host plasma membrane, containing three virally encoded trans-membrane surface glycoproteins, which are organized separately into spikes on the surface of the virion. The virus causes disease in cattle, sheep, goats and camelids where cattle are supposed to be a natural host and all other animal species listed may play as an epidemiological role in certain circumstances. Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) is also an important respiratory pathogen in infants and young children. The distribution of BRSV is worldwide and the virus has been isolated from cattle in Europe, America and Asia. The virus causes regular winter outbreaks of respiratory disease in cattle and a sero prevalence of 30–70% has been detected in this species. BRSV is one of the main causes of severe pneumonia, interstitial edema, and emphysema in cattle which spreads by infected animal aerosols, direct contact and transmission through objects (fomites). It can vary in its ability to cause disease, ranging from fatal to no clinical signs shown. BRSV can also make the animal more vulnerable to secondary infections, where the virus weakens the immune system so that bacteria that are usually harmless can cause disease. BRSV replicates primarily in the superficial layer of the respiratory ciliated epithelium and replication can also be detected in type II pneumocytes. Various types of proteins of this virus can contribute for its pathogenicity. Since the peak incidence of severe BRSV disease is between 2 and 6 months, an effective BRSV vaccine must be capable of stimulating an effective immune response within the first months of life. However, the presence of maternallyderived antibodies poses a major obstacle and deletion of non-essential genes represents an attractive option for production of a live, attenuated virus vaccine.
Estimation of Owned and Street Dog Population by Quesionnire Survey and Mark-Recapture Method in Three Urban Areas: Bishoftu, Dukem and Modjo Towns
Authors:   Amhara Regional State Field Veterinarian Health Practitioner, Ethiopia, D Tegegne , A Mengesha ,   Ethiopian Veterinary Drug and Feed Control and Administrative Authority, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

The understanding of the structure of free-roaming and owning dog population’s estimation is of extreme importance for the planning and monitoring of dog population control strategies, animal welfare and health. The methods used to estimate the abundance of this group of dogs are more complex than the ones used with domiciled owned dogs. We point to enhancements necessary for the implementation of the studies and to potential updates and revisions to the recommendations of the World Health Organization with respect to the estimation of free-ranging and owning dog populations. Rabies is a fatal viral disease of animals and people. People usually infected via bites from an infected animal (e.g. dog). Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) has to initiate immediately after bite wounds of suspected rabid animals in order to avoid fatalities. The situation of rabies poorly known in Ethiopia. Questionnaire survey was conducted in selected blocks in Dukem, Bishoftu and Modjo towns in order to capture information on dog population size estimates using mark-resight surveys has provided useful baseline data for understanding the population dynamics of dogs at the study sites. Mark-resight surveys provide useful information for designing and managing the logistics of dog vaccination or assessing vaccination coverage and for evaluating the impact of neutering programs on the size and structure of dogs’ populations over time. As part of a dog born zoonosis disease risk assessment project, surveys conducted to estimate the size of the dog population and to describe dog management practices of households belonging to different ethnic groups. A markedrecapture method employed and the number of unowned dogs estimated. A total of 599 dog owning households and 276 non-dog household interviewed from at selected 19 blocks at study sites. Owned dogs were more likely male, local breed and for the purpose of used to guard. These households kept their dogs either fully restricted, semi and free roaming but full restriction have reported only at the higher percentage of the total dog households. By counted method, study the ownerless dogs higher than owning and semi-restricted dogs.