bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil horizons regulate bacterial community structure and functions in Dabie Mountain of the East China
Authors: Luo Xia , Gong Yinping , Xu Feiyan , Wang Shuai , Tao Yingying , Yang Mengmeng
Published: September 2023

Soil bacterial communities regulate nutrient cycling and plant growth in forests. Although these bacterial communities vary with soil nutrients and plant traits, the variation and degree with soil horizons in different forest types remain unclear. Here, bacterial communities of 44 soil samples from organic horizon (O horizon) and mineral horizon (M horizon) of three forest types (Cunninghamia, broad-leaved and Pinus forests) in subtropical forests of Dabie Mountain, China were analyzed based on amplicon sequencing. We assessed the effects of soil horizons and forest types on bacterial communities. The results showed that the bacterial richness and diversity were significantly higher in the O horizon than in the M horizon. Furthermore, the bacterial community composition and functions were also remarkably different between the two soil horizons. Furthermore, forest types could affect bacterial community composition but not for diversity and functions. Moreover, soil organic matter, including the total organic carbon, available phosphorus, total organic nitrogen, available potassium, ammonium nitrogen, and pH were main drivers for bacterial community composition. The results propose robust evidence that soil horizons strongly driven bacterial community composition and diversity, and suggest that microhabitat of soil bacterial communities is important to maintain the stability of forest ecosystem.
GS-DeepNet: mastering tokamak plasma equilibria with deep neural networks and the Grad–Shafranov equation
Authors: Joung Semin , Ghim Y.-C. , Kim Jaewook , Kwak Sehyun , Kwon Daeho , Sung C. , Kim D. , Kim Hyun-Seok , Bak J. G. , Yoon S. W.
Published: September 2023

The force-balanced state of magnetically confined plasmas heated up to 100 million degrees Celsius must be sustained long enough to achieve a burning-plasma state, such as in the case of ITER, a fusion reactor that promises a net energy gain. This force balance between the Lorentz force and the pressure gradient force, known as a plasma equilibrium, can be theoretically portrayed together with Maxwell’s equations as plasmas are collections of charged particles. Nevertheless, identifying the plasma equilibrium in real time is challenging owing to its free-boundary and ill-posed conditions, which conventionally involves iterative numerical approach with a certain degree of subjective human decisions such as including or excluding certain magnetic measurements to achieve numerical convergence on the solution as well as to avoid unphysical solutions. Here, we introduce GS-DeepNet, which learns plasma equilibria through solely unsupervised learning, without using traditional numerical algorithms. GS-DeepNet includes two neural networks and teaches itself. One neural network generates a possible candidate of an equilibrium following Maxwell’s equations and is taught by the other network satisfying the force balance under the equilibrium. Measurements constrain both networks. Our GS-DeepNet achieves reliable equilibria with uncertainties in contrast with existing methods, leading to possible better control of fusion-grade plasmas.
Age-related increases in right hemisphere support for prosodic processing in children
Authors: Li Kristen E. , Dimitrijevic Andrew , Gordon Karen A. , Pang Elizabeth W. , Greiner Hansel M. , Kadis Darren S.
Published: September 2023

Language comprehension is a complex process involving an extensive brain network. Brain regions responsible for prosodic processing have been studied in adults; however, much less is known about the neural bases of prosodic processing in children. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we mapped regions supporting speech envelope tracking (a marker of prosodic processing) in 80 typically developing children, ages 4–18 years, completing a stories listening paradigm. Neuromagnetic signals coherent with the speech envelope were localized using dynamic imaging of coherent sources (DICS). Across the group, we observed coherence in bilateral perisylvian cortex. We observed age-related increases in coherence to the speech envelope in the right superior temporal gyrus (r = 0.31, df = 78, p = 0.0047) and primary auditory cortex (r = 0.27, df = 78, p = 0.016); age-related decreases in coherence to the speech envelope were observed in the left superior temporal gyrus (r = − 0.25, df = 78, p = 0.026). This pattern may indicate a refinement of the networks responsible for prosodic processing during development, where language areas in the right hemisphere become increasingly specialized for prosodic processing. Altogether, these results reveal a distinct neurodevelopmental trajectory for the processing of prosodic cues, highlighting the presence of supportive language functions in the right hemisphere. Findings from this dataset of typically developing children may serve as a potential reference timeline for assessing children with neurodevelopmental hearing and speech disorders.
Rate of return to work in patients with stroke under the health and employment support program of Rosai hospitals in Japan
Authors: Umemura Takeru , Hachisuka Kenji , Saeki Satoru , Nishizawa Shigeru , Yamamoto Junkoh
Published: September 2023

To facilitate return to work (RTW) in patients with stroke, a health and employment support (HES) program was started at Rosai hospitals in Japan. This study aimed to determine the rate of RTW in patients with stroke under this support program. We collected demographic and clinical data of patients with stroke from the implementation reports of the HES program. The program provided coordinated dual support, such as acute medical treatments, and stroke and vocational rehabilitation on the medical side, and management and support on the workplace side. The primary endpoint was RTW. Successful and unsuccessful RTW were examined using the χ2 test. The RTW rate curves were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. We enrolled 483 patients; 355 (73%) and 128 (27%) patients had successful and unsuccessful RTW, respectively. Stroke types, neurological findings, and activities of daily living were significant factors for RTW. The Kaplan–Meier method revealed that left hemiplegia, right hemiplegia, and neuropsychological deficits, except for combined disability (hemiplegia with neuropsychological deficits), had similar RTW curves with an RTW rate of > 70%.
Research on modeling joining and joining modification method of hybrid FE-SEA model
Authors: Su Jintao , Zheng Ling , Nie Jinquan
Published: September 2023

Since the connection method at the boundary of the hybrid FE-SEA (finite element-statistical energy analysis, FE-SEA) model affects the overall calculation accuracy of the model, the missing or inaccurate connection relation will lead to a large error in the model calculation. In order to effectively solve the calculation error caused by the connection problem of hybrid FE-SEA model, this paper starts from the modeling methods and connection relations of “hybrid-point” connection, “hybrid-line” connection and “hybrid-surface” connection. In order to solve the modeling method and correction problems of the “hybrid-point” connection in the hybrid FE-SEA model, the “out-of-plane” wave motion equation at the “hybrid-point” connection was established by using the superposition principle of plane waveforms in polar coordinate system. The “hybrid-point” connection and wave-number relation in Cartesian coordinate system are studied. The radiation radius correction method of “hybrid-point” connection is proposed. An example is given to verify the effectiveness of the method. In order to solve the modeling and correction problem of “hybrid-line” in hybrid model, a “hybrid-line” connected triangular waveform function model was established by using the method of linear difference. The direct field dynamic stiffness matrix of “hybrid-line” connection in node coordinate system is studied. According to the shape function of the “hybrid-line” connection wavenumber space, a method to correct the shape function of the “hybrid-line” connection is proposed, and the validity of the method is verified.
Vitamin D3 regulates PM-driven primary human neutrophil inflammatory responses
Authors: Kewcharoenwong Chidchamai , Khongmee Aranya , Nithichanon Arnone , Palaga Tanapat , Prueksasit Tassanee , Mudway Ian S. , Hawrylowicz Catherine M. , Lertmemongkolchai Ganjana
Published: September 2023

Recent evidence has demonstrated that both acute and chronic exposure to particulate air pollution are risk factors for respiratory tract infections and increased mortality from sepsis. There is therefore an urgent need to establish the impact of ambient particulate matter (PM) on innate immune cells and to establish potential strategies to mitigate against adverse effects. PM has previously been reported to have potential adverse effects on neutrophil function. In the present study, we investigated the impact of standard urban PM (SRM1648a, NIST) and PM2.5 collected from Chiang Mai, Thailand, on human peripheral blood neutrophil functions, including LPS-induced migration, IL-8 production, and bacterial killing. Both NIST and the PM2.5, being collected in Chiang Mai, Thailand, increased IL-8 production, but reduced CXCR2 expression and migration of human primary neutrophils stimulated with Escherichia coli LPS. Moreover, PM-pretreated neutrophils from vitamin D-insufficient participants showed reduced E. coli-killing activity. Furthermore, in vitro vitamin D3 supplementation attenuated IL-8 production and improved bacterial killing by cells from vitamin D-insufficient participants. Our findings suggest that provision of vitamin D to individuals with insufficiency may attenuate adverse acute neutrophilic responses to ambient PM.
Structural and functional characterization of USP47 reveals a hot spot for inhibitor design
Authors: Shin Sang Chul , Park Jinyoung , Kim Kyung Hee , Yoon Jung Min , Cho Jinhong , Ha Byung Hak , Oh Yeonji , Choo Hyunah , Song Eun Joo , Kim Eunice EunKyeong
Published: September 2023

USP47 is widely involved in tumor development, metastasis, and other processes while performing a more regulatory role in inflammatory responses, myocardial infarction, and neuronal development. In this study, we investigate the functional and biochemical properties of USP47, whereby depleting USP47 inhibited cancer cell growth in a p53-dependent manner—a phenomenon that enhances during the simultaneous knockdown of USP7. Full-length USP47 shows higher deubiquitinase activity than the catalytic domain. The crystal structures of the catalytic domain, in its free and ubiquitin-bound states, reveal that the misaligned catalytic triads, ultimately, become aligned upon ubiquitin-binding, similar to USP7, thereby becoming ready for catalysis. Yet, the composition and lengths of BL1, BL2, and BL3 of USP47 differ from those for USP7, and they contribute to the observed selectivity. Our study provides molecular details of USP47 regulation, substrate recognition, and the hotspots for drug discovery by targeting USP47.
DNA-bridging by an archaeal histone variant via a unique tetramerisation interface
Authors: Ofer Sapir , Blombach Fabian , Erkelens Amanda M. , Barker Declan , Soloviev Zoja , Schwab Samuel , Smollett Katherine , Matelska Dorota , Fouqueau Thomas , van der Vis Nico , Kent Nicholas A. , Thalassinos Konstantinos , Dame Remus T. , Werner Finn
Published: September 2023

In eukaryotes, histone paralogues form obligate heterodimers such as H3/H4 and H2A/H2B that assemble into octameric nucleosome particles. Archaeal histones are dimeric and assemble on DNA into ‘hypernucleosome’ particles of varying sizes with each dimer wrapping 30 bp of DNA. These are composed of canonical and variant histone paralogues, but the function of these variants is poorly understood. Here, we characterise the structure and function of the histone paralogue MJ1647 from Methanocaldococcus jannaschii that has a unique C-terminal extension enabling homotetramerisation. The 1.9 Å X-ray structure of a dimeric MJ1647 species, structural modelling of the tetramer, and site-directed mutagenesis reveal that the C-terminal tetramerization module consists of two alpha helices in a handshake arrangement. Unlike canonical histones, MJ1647 tetramers can bridge two DNA molecules in vitro. Using single-molecule tethered particle motion and DNA binding assays, we show that MJ1647 tetramers bind ~60 bp DNA and compact DNA in a highly cooperative manner. We furthermore show that MJ1647 effectively competes with the transcription machinery to block access to the promoter in vitro. To the best of our knowledge, MJ1647 is the first histone shown to have DNA bridging properties, which has important implications for genome structure and gene expression in archaea.
Improving genetic risk prediction across diverse population by disentangling ancestry representations
Authors: Gyawali Prashnna K. , Le Guen Yann , Liu Xiaoxia , Belloy Michael E. , Tang Hua , Zou James , He Zihuai
Published: September 2023

Risk prediction models using genetic data have seen increasing traction in genomics. However, most of the polygenic risk models were developed using data from participants with similar (mostly European) ancestry. This can lead to biases in the risk predictors resulting in poor generalization when applied to minority populations and admixed individuals such as African Americans. To address this issue, largely due to the prediction models being biased by the underlying population structure, we propose a deep-learning framework that leverages data from diverse population and disentangles ancestry from the phenotype-relevant information in its representation. The ancestry disentangled representation can be used to build risk predictors that perform better across minority populations. We applied the proposed method to the analysis of Alzheimer’s disease genetics. Comparing with standard linear and nonlinear risk prediction methods, the proposed method substantially improves risk prediction in minority populations, including admixed individuals, without needing self-reported ancestry information.
Structural and functional analysis of hyper-thermostable ancestral L-amino acid oxidase that can convert Trp derivatives to D-forms by chemoenzymatic reaction
Authors: Kawamura Yui , Ishida Chiharu , Miyata Ryo , Miyata Azusa , Hayashi Seiichiro , Fujinami Daisuke , Ito Sohei , Nakano Shogo
Published: September 2023

Production of D-amino acids (D-AAs) on a large-scale enables to provide precursors of peptide therapeutics. In this study, we designed a novel L-amino acid oxidase, HTAncLAAO2, by ancestral sequence reconstruction, exhibiting high thermostability and long-term stability. The crystal structure of HTAncLAAO2 was determined at 2.2 Å by X-ray crystallography, revealing that the enzyme has an octameric form like a “ninja-star” feature. Enzymatic property analysis demonstrated that HTAncLAAO2 exhibits three-order larger kcat/Km values towards four L-AAs (L-Phe, L-Leu, L-Met, and L-Ile) than that of L-Trp. Through screening the variants, we obtained the HTAncLAAO2(W220A) variant, which shows a > 6-fold increase in kcat value toward L-Trp compared to the original enzyme. This variant applies to synthesizing enantio-pure D-Trp derivatives from L- or rac-forms at a preparative scale. Given its excellent properties, HTAncLAAO2 would be a starting point for designing novel oxidases with high activity toward various amines and AAs.
Vegetation resilience does not increase consistently with greening in China’s Loess Plateau
Authors: Wang Zhuangzhuang , Fu Bojie , Wu Xutong , Li Yingjie , Feng Yuhao , Wang Shuai , Wei Fangli , Zhang Liwei
Published: September 2023

Recent concurrent processes of vegetation greening and reduced resilience (the capacity to recover from disturbances) worldwide have brought many uncertainties into sustainable ecosystems in the future. However, little is known about the conditions and extent to which greening affects resilience changes. Here we assess both vegetation dynamics and resilience in China’s Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2020 using satellite-based vegetation data and an early warning indicator. Our results reveal an overall greening trend in vegetated areas, while resilience shifted from gains to losses at a breakpoint in 2010. Vegetation greening generally contributed to resilience gains, whereas increased temperature and precipitation variability contributed to the resilience loss observed in 2011–2020. These findings provide empirical evidence that vegetation greening does not necessarily correspond to an increase in resilience. We therefore recommend integrating resilience indicators into ecological restoration and conservation efforts to gain a more comprehensive understanding of vegetation states and support effective ecosystem stewardship.
Abundant Sulfitobacter marine bacteria protect Emiliania huxleyi algae from pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Beiralas Roni , Ozer Noy , Segev Einat
Published: September 2023

Emiliania huxleyi is a unicellular micro-alga that forms massive oceanic blooms and plays key roles in global biogeochemical cycles. Mounting studies demonstrate various stimulatory and inhibitory influences that bacteria have on the E. huxleyi physiology. To investigate these algal-bacterial interactions, laboratory co-cultures have been established by us and by others. Owing to these co-cultures, various mechanisms of algal-bacterial interactions have been revealed, many involving bacterial pathogenicity towards algae. However, co-cultures represent a significantly simplified system, lacking the complexity of bacterial communities. In order to investigate bacterial pathogenicity within an ecologically relevant context, it becomes imperative to enhance the microbial complexity of co-culture setups. Phaeobacter inhibens bacteria are known pathogens that cause the death of E. huxleyi algae in laboratory co-culture systems. The bacteria depend on algal exudates for growth, but when algae senesce, bacteria switch to a pathogenic state and induce algal death. Here we investigate whether P. inhibens bacteria can induce algal death in the presence of a complex bacterial community. We show that an E. huxleyi-associated bacterial community protects the alga from the pathogen, although the pathogen occurs within the community. To study how the bacterial community regulates pathogenicity, we reduced the complex bacterial community to a five-member synthetic community (syncom). The syncom is comprised of a single algal host and five isolated bacterial species, which represent major bacterial groups that are naturally associated with E. huxleyi. We discovered that a single bacterial species in the reduced community, Sulfitobacter pontiacus, protects the alga from the pathogen. We further found that algal protection from P. inhibens pathogenicity is a shared trait among several Sulfitobacter species. Algal protection by bacteria might be a common phenomenon with ecological significance, which is overlooked in reduced co-culture systems.
Energy losses in photovoltaic generators due to wind patterns
Authors: Rossa Carlos
Published: September 2023

Previously, in small scale demonstrations, researchers have increased photovoltaic efficiency through cooling by enhancing heat transfer from panels to the air through wind speed. Here I show in the real-world operation of a larger scale photovoltaic generator that increases in wind speed can lead to small but notable energy losses, reflected in the mismatch losses directly derived from the operating voltage of each module. Temperature distribution was measured simultaneously with the operating voltages, alongside the local wind speed and direction. Temperature differences arose from the variable heat transfer throughout the panel, depending on the wind incidence. This affected the operating temperature of each module, consequently affecting their operating voltage and the overall mismatch losses with losses increasing by up to 0.28%. My results suggest that wind patterns cannot be neglected, considering long-term energy estimations and the lifespan of a photovoltaic power plant.
Light-up split aptamers: binding thermodynamics and kinetics for sensing
Authors: Zhao Yichen , Patel Nikesh , Sun Peihuan , Faulds Karen , Graham Duncan , Liu Juewen
Published: September 2023

Using a light-up aptamer that can bind doxycycline, the binding thermodynamics and kinetics of the full-length aptamer and a series of split aptamers are compared.
Advanced electrocatalytic redox processes for environmental remediation of halogenated organic water pollutants
Authors: Wilsey Madeleine K. , Taseska Teona , Meng Ziyi , Yu Wanqing , Müller Astrid M.
Published: September 2023

An urgent need for quantitative mechanistic understanding of advanced redox processes for aqueous electrocatalytic organohalogen destruction methods is addressed, highlighting remediation of fluorinated, chlorinated, and brominated water pollutants.
Chiral probes for biosensing
Authors: Hao Changlong , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua
Published: September 2023

The article provides an overview of recent advances in chiral nanomaterials for biosensing applications, including individual chiral nanoparticles, chiral assemblies, and chiral 2D film-based sensors.
An electrochemical ratiometric biosensor for the detection of dopamine based on an MXene-Au nanocomposite
Authors: Jing Wen-Jie , Li Fei-Fei , Liu Yu , Ma Rong-Na , Zhang Wei , Shang Lei , Li Xiao-Jian , Xue Qing-Wang , Wang Huai-Sheng , Jia Li-Ping
Published: September 2023

A ratiometric electrochemical biosensor for the sensitive and accurate detection of dopamine was developed based on the strong adsorption ability of MXene-Au toward methylene blue, an inner reference element.
Facile synthesis of L10-PtFe/C intermetallic catalysts with superior catalytic durability for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Yu Shengwei , Bi Liyuan , Xie Xiang , Lu Jiyuan , Chen Aiping , Jiang Haibo
Published: September 2023

L10 o-PtFe/C intermetallic catalysts with superior catalytic durability for the oxygen reduction reaction obtained by a facile one-step method.
In situ grown high-valence Mo-doped NiCo Prussian blue analogue for enhanced urea electrooxidation
Authors: Zhou Xiaoxing , Hu Jun , Ajmal Sara , Xiang Dong , Sun Zhenjie , Chen Wenxing , Zhu Manzhou , Chen Ping , Li Peng
Published: September 2023

A high-valence Mo6+-doped NiCo PBA with unique dual structures exhibited excellent preferences for the UOR and urea-assisted water electrolysis.
BF3–Et2O promoted bifunctionalization of aldehydes for the synthesis of arylmethyl substituted organophosphorus compounds
Authors: Ahmed Sajjad , Shafeeq Zoya , Hussain Feroze , Ahmed Qazi Naveed
Published: September 2023

A simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of arylmethyl substituted organophosphorus compounds is presented.
The effect of quenching and Mn substitution for Ni on the magnetic properties of Mn25+xNi50−xGa25
Authors: Zhang Tianfeng , Yi Lizhi , Huang Jiaohong , Zhang Yingde , Xu Yunli , Liu Ming , He Xiong , Pan Liqing
Published: September 2023

Quenching at different temperatures can cause component segregation of the Mn25+xNi50−xGa25 and affecting the magnetism. Samples quenched after annealing at 773 K & 48 h exhibited abnormalities in magnetism, phase transformation, and structure.
Cobalt-doped tin disulfide catalysts for high-capacity lithium–air batteries with high lifetime
Authors: Li Jie , Shi Yuzhi , Wang Junhai , Liu Qianhe , Luan Lihua , Li Qiang , Cao Qinghao , Zhang Tianyu , Sun Hong
Published: September 2023

In this paper, Co-doped SnS2 is used as a catalyst for dual electrolyte lithium–air batteries and experimental results show long cycle life and high discharge capacity. In addition, its reaction process in alkaline environments is studied based on DFT theory.
Spin polarization in quantum point contact based on wurtzite topological quantum well
Authors: Xue Xin , Huang Fobao , Hu Gongwei
Published: September 2023

The spin-polarized conductance in a wurtzite topological quantum well exhibits oscillation due to spin precession. The spin splitting of the edge states is suppressed for QPC widths of more than 50 nm, leading to a long spin precession length.
Tunnel junction sensing of TATP explosive at the single-molecule level
Authors: Tomović Aleksandar Ž. , Miljkovic Helena , Dražić Miloš S. , Jovanović Vladimir P. , Zikic Radomir
Published: September 2023

This DFT+NEGF study explores the sensing of the TATP explosive at a single molecule level. The real-time sensing via tunneling current measurement of a TATP molecule between N-terminated (3,3) CNT electrodes could be a solution for portable devices.
Temperature effects on the internal conversion of excited adenine and adenosine
Authors: Mansour Ritam , Toldo Josene M. , Mukherjee Saikat , Pinheiro Max , Barbatti Mario
Published: September 2023

Temperature has a strikingly different impact on adenine and adenosine photodynamics. Surface hopping reveals the reason underlying it.
In silico analysis of SOD1 aggregation inhibition modes of tertiary amine pyrazolone and pyrano coumarin ferulate as ALS drug candidates
Authors: Rahman Aziza , Saikia Bondeepa , Baruah Anupaul
Published: September 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, the familial form (fALS) of which is often cognate to mutations in the antioxidant enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) leading to misfolding and aggregation.
Co-substitution design: a new glaserite-type rare-earth phosphate K2RbSc(PO4)2 with high structural tolerance
Authors: Zhou Jingfang , Gong Pifu , Xia Mingjun , Wu Qian
Published: September 2023

K2RbSc(PO4)2 can be characterized as a derivative of glaserite-type K3Na(SO4)2 obtained in a chemical co-substitution manner. Its isostructural lanthanide analogues K2RbEr(PO4)2 and K2RbLu(PO4)2 were also successfully prepared indicating high structural tolerance of the skeleton of K2RbSc(PO4)2.
Photo-triggered halodecarboxylation of aliphatic carboxylic acids via cerium-mediated ligand-to-metal charge transfer in water
Authors: Xu Yan , Huang Panyi , Jiang Yu , Lv Chun , Li Peixuan , Wang Jiayang , Sun Bin , Jin Can
Published: September 2023

An efficient photo-triggered halodecarboxylation reaction of aliphatic carboxylic acids for the preparation of bromo-, iodo- and chloroalkanes under an air atmosphere with water as the solvent has been developed.
Photoelectrocatalytic C–H amination of arenes
Authors: Hou Zhong-Wei , Yan Hong , Song Jinshuai , Xu Hai-Chao
Published: September 2023

Reported herein is an organocatalyzed photoelectrochemical C(aryl)–H amination reaction for direct access to anilides from easily available and stable arenes and carbamates without the need for sacrificial oxidants.
Effectively enhancing topical delivery of agrochemicals onto plant leaves with nanocelluloses
Authors: Jiang Shangxu , Li Peng , Li Li , Amiralian Nasim , Rajah Divya , Xu Zhi Ping
Published: September 2023

Nanocellulose-contained suspensions significantly enhance the wettability of three plant leaves, increase the water adhesion onto the foliage, improve topical delivery of three model pesticides, and effectively resist rain wash-off from leaves.
Recyclable iodine-catalyzed oxidative C–H chalcogenation of 1,1-diarylethenes in water: green synthesis of trisubstituted vinyl sulfides and selenides
Authors: Mukherjee Nilanjana , Chatterjee Tanmay
Published: September 2023

A recyclable iodine-catalyzed, sustainable C–H sulfenylation and selenation of 1,1-diarylalkenes is developed in water under an aerobic atmosphere.
Electrocatalytic upcycling of plastic waste
Authors: Cho Juhyun , Kim Byeongyoon , Kwon Taehyun , Lee Kwangyeol , Choi Sang-Il
Published: September 2023

The electrochemical upcycling of plastic waste offers a more efficient and safer means to produce value-added products under mild conditions.
Surface and bulk defect formation during hydrothermal synthesis of LiCoPO4 crystals and their electrochemical implications
Authors: Woo Moohyun , Lee Jinhyuk , Demopoulos George P.
Published: September 2023

Unreported defects arising from hydrothermal synthesis limit accessible capacity of LiCoPO4 (LCP) as high-voltage cathode.
Mitochondria-targeted biotin-conjugated BODIPYs for cancer imaging and therapy
Authors: Dutta Dhiraj , Nair Rajshree R. , Neog Kashmiri , Nair S. Asha , Gogoi Pranjal
Published: September 2023

BODIPY–biotin conjugates are developed for targeted PDT applications. The PSs exhibited suitable photophysical properties and were localized in the mitochondria with excellent photocytotoxicity of up to 18.7 nM in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
The evolution of small molecule enzyme activators
Authors: Dow Louise F. , Case Alfie M. , Paustian Megan P. , Pinkerton Braeden R. , Simeon Princess , Trippier Paul C.
Published: September 2023

Enzyme activation is an emerging mechanism of action for new therapeutic discovery, its evolution and application is reviewed herein.
A tetrathienopyrrole-based ladder-type donor polymer for high-performance organic near-infrared cavity detectors
Authors: Valkeneers Kaat , Raymakers Jorne , Liu Quan , Vanderspikken Jochen , Wang Yuming , Kesters Jurgen , Quill Tyler James , Liu Zhen , Van den Brande Niko , Lutsen Laurence , Vandewal Koen , Maes Wouter
Published: September 2023

Ladder-type extension of a push–pull donor polymer affords enhanced peak external quantum efficiencies in microcavity organic photodetectors, with detectivities ranging from 1.07 × 1012 to 1.82 × 1010 Jones in the 900–1400 nm regime.
Impact of nitrogen doping on triazole-based graphitic carbon Nitride-TiO2 (P25) S-scheme heterojunction for improved photocatalytic hydrogen production
Authors: Kamalakannan Saravanan , Balasubramaniyan Natarajan , Bernaurdshaw Neppolian , Vattikondala Ganesh
Published: September 2023

Explanation of the construction of the NCNTx S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst.
Enhancement of the electrochemical properties of zinc–aluminium binary metal hydroxide nanosheets by the addition of activated carbon for pseudocapacitor electrode applications
Authors: Rose Aleena , Jayachandran M. , Vijayakumar T.
Published: September 2023

The addition of activated carbon to zinc–aluminium binary metal hydroxide nanosheets improved its porous structure and resulted in high specific capacitance and electrochemical stability.
Improved emission performance of benzo[a]phenoxazine in aqueous solution through host–guest interaction
Authors: Li Shu-Yi , Wang Wen-Li , Wang Chang , Sun Ru , Ge Jian-Feng
Published: September 2023

The fluorescence of near-infrared fluorescent probes in aqueous solution was enhanced by host–guest chemistry.
Multi-interface engineering of NiS/Ni3S2/Fe3O4 nanoarchitectures for use as high-efficiency electrocatalysts toward the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Chengcheng , Bao Anyang , Yang Cuizhen , Liu Guoqiang , Chen Xiang , Li Mengyue , Cheng Yuwen , Liu Dongming
Published: September 2023

Multi-interfacial NiS/Ni3S2/Fe3O4 nanoarchitectures were designed and fabricated through chemical dealloying and a hydrothermal approach which exhibit a unique OER performance.
Repercussions of multi-electron uptake by a twistacene: a reduction-induced double dehydrogenative annulation
Authors: Pennachio Matthew , Wei Zheng , Clevenger Robert G. , Kilway Kathleen V. , Tsybizova Alexandra , Gershoni-Poranne Renana , Petrukhina Marina A.
Published: September 2023

The first crystallographically characterized examples of the stepwise reduced twistacene reveal a double dehydrogenative core annulation upon two-fold reduction.
Seed-mediated formation of multiphase zero-valent Sb nanoparticles as alloying-type anodes for sodium-ion batteries with high capacity and ultra-long durability
Authors: Wang Weixu , Wang Yongjie , Jiang Zhongqing , Deng Binglu , Jiang Zhong-Jie
Published: September 2023

The CNT-supported multiphase zero-valent Sb nanoparticles in the forms of Sb, CoSb, and CoSb2 with NC coating is synthesized by a Co-seed-mediated method. It shows high capacity, superior rate capacity, and excellent durability for sodium storage.
Enhancing energy transfer by regulating electron transport pathways in semiconductor metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Liu Peng-Da , Chen Yuan , Liu Ao-Gang , Chen Zi-Tong , Li Bao
Published: September 2023

Fe-MOF with short-range and long-range photo-induce electron transfer exhibits highly efficient photon utilization, which is validated by excellent degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride.
A bio-inspired and switchable H+/OH− ion-channel for room temperature exhaled CO2 chemiresistive sensing
Authors: Chen Honghao , Lu Ruofei , Gao Yixun , Yue Xiaorui , Yang Haihong , Li Hao , Lee Yi-Kuen , French Paddy J. , Wang Yao , Zhou Guofu
Published: September 2023

A SLAC1-mimicking artificial CO2-switched proton/hydroxide (H+/OH−) ion channel (CSPH ion channel) was developed for room temperature exhaled CO2 chemiresistive sensing.
BiOCl with a favorable surface state regulated by polyhydroxylated disaccharides for dramatically accelerated photodegradation capacity
Authors: Wang Jintao , Liu Yuan , Wang Zhichen , Mei Hao , Zhang Rongbin , Wang Xuewen
Published: September 2023

BiOCl regulated by polyhydroxylated disaccharides exhibits a powerful photo-oxidation performance for high concentration organic pollutants, and possesses superior electrochemical properties, owing to the creation of hydroxyl-rich active zones.
SnO2/h-BN nanocomposite modified separator as a high-efficiency polysulfide trap in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Bongu Chandra Sekhar , Mussa Yasmin , Aleid Sara , Arsalan Muhammad , Alsharaeh Edreese H.
Published: September 2023

The illustration shows that the SnO2/10%-h-BN composite coated on the separator interlayer decreases the migration of soluble polysulfides compared to the SnO2/5%-h-BN and SnO2/25%-h-BN composite coated on the separator.
A tail of their own: regulation of cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol fatty acyl profile by the acyltransferase LCLAT1
Authors: Zhang Kai , Chan Victoria , Botelho Roberto J. , Antonescu Costin N.
Published: September 2023

Cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol along with the latter's phosphorylated derivative phosphoinositides, control a wide range of cellular functions from signal transduction, membrane traffic, mitochondrial function, cytoskeletal dynamics, and cell metabolism. An emerging dimension to these lipids is the specificity of their fatty acyl chains that is remarkably distinct from that of other glycerophospholipids. Cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol undergo acyl remodeling involving the sequential actions of phospholipase A to hydrolyze acyl chains and key acyltransferases that re-acylate with specific acyl groups. LCLAT1 (also known as LYCAT, AGPAT8, LPLAT6, or ALCAT1) is an acyltransferase that contributes to specific acyl profiles for phosphatidylinositol, phosphoinositides, and cardiolipin. As such, perturbations of LCLAT1 lead to alterations in cardiolipin-dependent phenomena such as mitochondrial respiration and dynamics and phosphoinositide-dependent processes such as endocytic membrane traffic and receptor signaling. Here we examine the biochemical and cellular actions of LCLAT1, as well as the contribution of this acyltransferase to the development and specific diseases.
Statistical analysis of cloud layers and solar irradiations for all seasons in Toyohashi city, Japan
Authors: Bando Takahiro , Ito Tsubasa , Wakisaka Hayate , Miyahara Yuki , Aizawa Takeshi , Harigai Toru , Takikawa Hirofumi , Hiratsuka Motohisa , Maki Shiro
Published: September 2023

Several solar irradiation forecasting methods are being developed toward economically efficient solar power generation. Among these, the method that utilizes all sky imagers to estimate the direction of cloud movement above certain observation points is able to forecast fluctuations in solar irradiation with localized temporal resolution (∼30 min) through observation of shadows cast by clouds. The one-layered cloud is usually assumed in forecasting the direction of cloud movement. However, in reality, multilayered clouds may move in different directions in the sky. While such multilayered clouds may have effect on forecast accuracy, the extent to which multilayered clouds affect the solar irradiation and the generated solar power has never been reported. Therefore, the purposes of this study are (1) to give the dataset to know the effect of multilayered clouds and (2) to decide whether the multilayered clouds have to be considered in forecasting of solar irradiation. We analyzed the number of cloud layers and their effect on the solar irradiation, the generated solar power, and the clearness index through statistical analysis for all seasons in Toyohashi city, Japan. The dataset used to analysis includes data with 4381 h. The analytical results show that multilayered clouds were observed for ∼40% of the daytime duration even in winter. In addition, the results show that multilayered clouds were observed even when the solar irradiation, the generated solar power, and the clearness index were high, which suggests that the effect of multilayered clouds must be considered. In addition, it will be shown that the maximum number of cloud layers to be considered is 3 from statistical analysis.
Taxing forms in the digital environment
Authors: Costea Ioana Maria
Published: September 2023

Taxation is a phenomenon of legal adagio to a preliminary juridical relevant relation generated by legal subjects’ interactions in a given environment. The traditional milieu is evolving in newer directions as human activity, including markets, are digitalizing. This new domain of legal interaction is addressed also by tax legislation in both substantial and procedural dimensions. This new map of tax relevancy is read by the present study to catalogue classical and emerging instruments of taxation in the digital environment.
The legal framework of data subject representation
Authors: Şerban Andreea
Published: September 2023

The GDPR provided for new rules on the right of the data subjects to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or a processor where they consider that their rights have been infringed under the Regulation as a result of the processing of personal data. Art. 80 of the GDPR, on the representation of data subjects, is intended to favour private enforcement of EU data protection law, providing for the representation of data subjects by a body or entity which must meet specific requirements in order to exercise the rights conferred to the data subject regarding an effective judicial remedy. The representation of data subjects by a third party in legal actions is possible in two cases: on the one hand, the situation where a data subject mandates the body or organization to represent them or, on the other side, when a body or organization, has the right to lodge a complaint and exercise the rights to effective judicial remedies provided by the GDPR independently of a mandate. This paper will detail the legal framework of this private enforcement tool and analyse the links between data protection and consumer protection from the perspective of collective redress and representation of the interests of a data subject.
Impact of Environmental Factors on the ACL Injury Risk in
Recreational Alpine Skiing
Authors: Posch Markus , Ruedl Gerhard , Greier Klaus , Faulhaber Martin , Tecklenburg Katja , Schranz Alois , Schliernzauer Birgit , Burtscher Martin
Published: September 2023

In recreational alpine skiing, an ACL injury represents the most common injury.
Skiing is a complex activity where the skier interacts with the environment,
such as weather, snow conditions, temperature, etc. Thus, the aim of this study
was to evaluate the potential impact of environmental factors on ACL injury risk
in recreational alpine skiers. Among a cohort of 392 ACL-injured skiers and 392
uninjured controls matched for sex and skiing skill, environmental factors were
collected by questionnaire. Factors included weather conditions, snow
conditions, perceived temperature, and slope difficulty at the time-point of the
accident (ACL-injured skiers) or of questioning during the ski day (uninjured
controls).

Multiple logistic regression revealed that in addition to age, five environmental
factors were significantly predictive of an ACL injury: fresh snow (OR 10.5),
grippy snow (OR 7.8), icy slope condition (OR 12.4), very cold/cold
perceived temperature (OR 1.6), and skiing on easy slopes (OR 6.9). In
conclusion, besides age, environmental factors such as fresh and grippy snow,
icy slope conditions, low temperatures, and flat slopes are associated with an
increased ACL injury risk in recreational alpine skiing. Those factors are at
least partly modifiable and should be taken into consideration for preventive
strategies.
Einfluss von Hydrotherapie auf die Fatigue-Symptomatik – ein
narratives Review
Authors: Kuchler Ronja , Loudovici-Krug Dana , Best Norman , Derlien Steffen , Kühnemund Josephine , Lemhöfer Christina
Published: September 2023

Hintergrund Fatigue kann im Rahmen eines chronischen
Müdigkeitssyndroms mit erheblichen Einschränkungen für
Aktivität und Teilhabe einhergehen. Hydrotherapeutische
Maßnahmen können einen positiven Effekt auf das vegetative
Nervensystem haben. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist daher die Darstellung des
Einflusses hydrotherapeutischer Maßnahmen auf die
Fatigue-Symptomatik.

Materialien und Methode Es erfolgte eine Literaturrecherche in drei
elektronischen Datenbanken nach randomisierten kontrollierten Studien, die
Hydrotherapie an Patienten untersuchten. Die relevanten Daten wurden extrahiert
und qualitativ ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse 137 Studien wurden gefunden, von denen acht in die Untersuchung
eingeschlossen werden konnten. Alle Publikationen analysierten den Effekt von
Vollbädern – zum Teil kombiniert mit weiteren Therapien
– auf die Fatigue-Symptomatik und weitere Parameter wie z. B.
Schmerz. Patienten mit Hydrotherapie zeigten in allen Untersuchungen im
Vergleich zu Patienten ohne Behandlung signifikant verbesserte Ergebnisse in den
untersuchten Parametern.

Schlussfolgerung Hydrotherapie ist ein sicheres und einfach anzuwendendes
Verfahren und scheint einen positiven Effekt auf die Fatigue-Symptomatik zu
haben. Weitere große Untersuchungen, mit objektiven Messparametern, sind
notwendig, um eine reliable Beurteilung zur Wirksamkeit geben zu
können.
Review: Disposable Duodenoscopes in the Era of Climate Change—A Global Perspective
Authors: Darak Harish , Giri Suprabhat , Sundaram Sridhar
Published: September 2023

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography remains a major interventional procedure in gastroenterology clinical practice. There have been concerns of hospital related infections secondary to the reusable duodenoscopes despite optimal strategies for high-level disinfection. While there are have been potential changes in duodenoscope design with availability of disposable caps, the increased risk of infection has led to the advent of single-use duodenoscopes in clinical practice. This innovation may help reduce infections due to duodenoscope reprocessing, while ensuring optimal performance similar to reusable duodenoscopes. However, their impact on the environment and overall carbon footprint has not been discussed. Moreover, disposable duodenoscopes are costly equipments. In developing countries with low income and poor insurance coverage, the clinical utility of this equipment is yet to be ascertained. With major push for Go-Green initiatives by various governments, there has to be clarity on not just use but also disposal and recycling of disposable duodenoscopes. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of disposable duodenoscopes in clinical practice in this era of climate change from the Indian perspective.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Is Effective for Postcolectomy Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection
Authors: Cho Janice , Roque Maria Vazquez , Orenstein Robert , Loftus Edward V. , DiBaise John , Pardi Darrell S. , Khanna Sahil
Published: September 2023

Background The outcomes from fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) in patients after complete or partial colectomy are not well-defined.

Objectives We sought to report our experience with FMT for rCDI in patients who have undergone colectomy.

Methods Descriptive analyses of FMT outcomes from 2014 to 2020 were performed in patients who previously had undergone complete or partial colectomy.

Results Twenty-nine patients with prior colectomy for inflammatory bowel disease, malignancy, slow-transit constipation refractory to medical therapy, or fulminant CDI underwent FMT for rCDI. Two patients (6.9%) had rCDI within 8 weeks post-FMT. Seven had CDI beyond 8 weeks (median 10 months) with 71% related to antibiotic exposure post-FMT, suggesting a 69% overall success.

Conclusion FMT resolves rCDI in most patients after colectomy with subsequent antibiotic exposure predicting CDI after FMT.
Cytomegalovirus Infection in Ulcerative Colitis: An Ambispective Study from a Single Center
Authors: Bhatia Sumit , Jena Anuraag , Kudva Ranjini , Pai C. Ganesh
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is often detected in colonic tissue of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Its role as a “bystander” or “culprit” in ulcerative colitis (UC) flares is unclear. The aim of the study is to detect the prevalence and outcomes of CMV infection in UC

Materials and Methods All adult patients (both retrospective and prospective), diagnosed with UC in a tertiary care center, were included. Patients underwent colonic biopsies for histopathological examination for CMV. CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) was also tested to ascertain seroprevalence in this population. CMV infection was defined as presence of CMV inclusions in histopathology. Treatment outcomes were defined as remission, clinical improvement, and partial response. The number of flares and outcomes of disease activity in terms of flare of disease, hospitalization, need of colectomy, and mortality was noted at follow-up.

Results A total of 58 patients of UC were included (mean age was 37.3 years, males—66%). Serum CMV IgG was positive in all patients. Twelve patients (20.6%, 9 males) with active UC were found to have CMV infection in histopathology specimens with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Two-third of patients (8/12) had severe disease, while the remaining (4/12) had moderate disease activity. Nine patients (9/12) with CMV colitis achieved complete remission with standard treatment without antiviral therapy. Of the three patients who needed antiviral therapy, two underwent colectomy in follow-up. CMV-positive patients to be predominantly male (p = 0.58) had more frequent relapses (p = 0.08) and were hospitalized for their flares (p = 0.06) when compared with CMV-negative patients. None of these factors were found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion CMV infection was found in one-fifth of patients of UC with flare. All patients with CMV infection had moderate-to-severe disease. Majority achieved remission without the need of antiviral therapy.
A Practical Guide for Plagiarism Detection Through the Coordinated Use of Software and (Human) Hardware
Authors: Misra Durga Prasanna
Published: September 2023

Duplication of content, whether it be text, figures, tables, or ideas, without duly referencing the original source of such content is called as plagiarism. Plagiarism of text can be flagged by similarity checking software. Careful curating of content before it is put into similarity checking software for screening as well as a thorough understanding of how such software works are essential to appropriately interpret such similarity check reports. Mere similarity is not plagiarism. Drawing an inference regarding plagiarism based on the output of similarity checking software requires considerable human input from editors and reviewers. Identification of plagiarism of figures, tables, and ideas almost entirely depends on the efforts of editors or reviewers rather than being detectable automatically. A thorough understanding of plagiarism is essential for prospective authors to safeguard against this academic sin.