bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of total macular and ganglion cell layer thickness in differentiating different stages of glaucoma: an SD-OCT study
Authors: Lee Wen Yee , Mohd Ramli Norlina , Samsudin Amir , Zahari Mimiwati binti , Wan Ab Kadir Azida Juana binti , Mt Saad Ahmad
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of mean macular retinal thickness (mRT) and macular ganglion cell layer (mGCL) thickness measured by Spectralis spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) posterior pole thickness map (PPTM) in differentiating between normal and glaucoma eyes of different severity.Study design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: All subjects were divided into normal and glaucoma groups according to the visual fields-based Glaucoma Staging System. They underwent slit-lamp examination, Humphrey visual field test, and SD-OCT (PPTM) imaging. mRT and mGCL thickness measurements were recorded. Analysis of variance with the least significant difference post hoc test was used for pairwise comparison. Ability to discriminate between normal eyes and those with differing severity of glaucoma was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).Results: A total of 201 eyes from 201 subjects were enrolled in this study. The mean glaucoma was 290.2 ± 12.1 μm, 270.1 ± 17.0 μm, and 259.1 ± 15.0 μm, respectively. Mean mGCL thickness for the corresponding three groups was 32.3 ± 2.8 μm, 27.6 ± 3.3 μm and 22.2 ± 3.8μm, respectively. AUROC analysis showed excellent diagnostic discrimination between glaucoma and normal subjects for mRT (AUC: 0.90) and mGCL thickness (AUC: 0.92). The cut-off value of mRT was 274.9 μm (90% sensitivity, 75% specificity) and of mGCL thickness was 27.9 μm (93% sensitivity, 74% specificity). The discrimination ability performance of mRT and mGCL thickness deteriorated with increasing severity of glaucoma with mGCL thickness (AUC: 0.67–0.87) performing slightly better than mRT for all grades (AUC: 0.58–0.71).Conclusions: mRT and mGCL thickness measurement on PPTM showed great sensitivity and specificity to discern between normal and glaucomatous subjects. The discrimination ability of mRT and mGCL thickness, however, decreases with increasing grade of glaucoma. We believe SD-OCT PPTM offers an alternative imaging method to detect early glaucoma.
Case series of clinical features in siblings with X-linked juvenile retinoschisis
Authors: Eng Kah Joon , Ami Malisa , Mohd Khialdin Safinaz
Published: October 2021

X-linked juvenile retinochisis (XLRS) is a rare inherited bilateral vitreoretinal dystrophy which usually affects males early in life. We describe the clinical findings, outcome, and challenges in treatment of three siblings diagnosed with XLRS. Three siblings with ages ranging from 5 to 9 years old presented with reduced visual acuity (VA) and posterior segment showing varying degrees of vitreous veil and spoke-wheel maculopathy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula was performed, revealing retinoschisis in all eyes. All three siblings were diagnosed with XLRS and were started on topical brinzolamide twice daily. OCT was repeated at 6 months and 18 months. At 18 months, three eyes showed stable VA and three eyes showed improved in VA. One out of the three eyes with stable VA showed improved retinoschisis while the other two eyes showed worsening retinoschisis. On the other hand, one out of the three eyes with improved VA had improved retinoschisis and the other two had worsening retinoschisis. We demonstrated that the VA of patients with retinoschisis is not directly proportional to the degree of splitting of the neurosensory retina. Retinoschisis treatment is challenging, as there is no one proven effective treatment up to date.
Evaluation of Biological Degraded Keratin for Biogas Production Using Dry Anaerobic Digestion System
Authors: Setyaningrum Sinta , Patinvoh Regina J , Purwadi Ronny , Taherzadeh Mohammad
Published: October 2021

Anaerobic digestion is a methane gas production process that can be used as sustainable alternative energy. Anaerobic digestion utilized various types of organic waste as substrate for the reaction process. Keratin waste is an organic waste mainly produced from the poultry and farming industry. Pretreatment is usually required to hydrolyzed keratin protein complex as the amino acid is easily used as the substrate in anaerobic digestion reaction. Biological pretreatment was selected because it more energy saver and generating diverse types of amino acid monomers. Three types of keratins used in this research were feathers, wool, and hair. Culture of Bacillus sp. C4 were inoculated into keratins and incubated for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. The chicken feathers produce the soluble protein as much as 7.23 mg/ml, 32.59 mg/ml and 45.99 mg/ml respectively, while the sheep wool produce 24.08 mg/ml, 36.73 mg/ml and 38.75 mg/ml respectively according to incubation time. Meanwhile, keratin hair cannot be degraded by Bacillus sp. C4 at all. Free ammonia formed by hydrolysis of proteins is suspected to be an inhibitor in the methanogenesis process, as total methane produced from degraded keratin only 256,6 ml C4/gr VS in 36 days retention time.
Using Homer Software for Cost Analysis of Stand-Alone Power Generation for Small Scale Industry in Nigeria: A Case Study Lumatec Aluminium Products
Authors: Raji Luqman , Y.I Zhigilla , J Wadai
Published: October 2021

Nigeria is one of developing countries in the world that experience shortage of electricity for her economic and social development. In Nigeria, most of the small-scale industries use diesel/petrol-based systems to generate their electricity. However, due to the cost fluctuation of oil and gas fuel, an alternative power generation should be considered. This paper targets to examine the cost analysis of system for supplying electricity to LUMATEC Aluminium products shop in Mubi, Adamawa state Nigeria. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) is used as a tool for cost analysis. The scenario consider in this study was only stand-alone with battery system. Results revealed that the system have 10kW PV with cost of electricity (COE) of $0.312/kW. The initial capital cost and total net present cost (NPC) are $21.775 and $26.148 respectively, with payback period of 5.8years. In conclusion, this study provides the solution of power supply to the small-scale industries at cost effective and available throughout the year and it is feasible to solve the small-scale industries, rural and urban electricity supplying in this country (Nigeria). It is recommended that Nigerian Government & Law makers should promotes the use of standalone PV system for domestic and small-scale industry by providing financial assistance through soft loans, subsides and grants.
Penguatan Kapasitas Pelayan Guna Meningkatkan Kesehatan Jasmani dan Mental Jemaat GPM “Silaleinitu” Ditengah Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Noya Andris , Ririhena Lolita L. , Mahakena Agnes N. , Siahaya Presly G.
Published: October 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 telah mengubah kebiasaan di masyarakat, termasuk sistem operasi dalam bekerja. Dengan mengikuti instruksi pemerintah untuk menghindari perkumpulan massa dan penyebaran virus, setiap instansi dan/atau organisasi mengubah operasional dengan bekerja dari rumah. Hal ini juga berdampak pada pelayanan yang dikerjakan oleh gereja sebagai salah satu lembaga keagamaan yang berada ditengah-tengah masyarakat. Menyikapi hal ini, hendaknya para pelayan sebagai ujung tombak penggerak pelayanan dalam lingkup gereja dibekali guna penguatan kapasitas pelayan, untuk mengoptimalkan potensi yang ada dalam menatalayani umat ditengah situasi pandemic Covid-19. Menyikapi situasi ini, Institut Agama Kristen Negeri (IAKN) Ambon melalui Program Studi Pastoral Konseling menyelenggarakan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif dan psikomotorik para pelayan dalam melayani umat ditengah pandemic Covid-19. Kegiatan sosialisasi dan pelatihan ini mengikutsertakan Majelis Jemaat bersama perangkat pelayan dan Badan Koordinator Pelayanan (Bakopel) pada masing-masing sektor dan unit pelayanan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap, yakni tahap sosialisasi pada tanggal 30 September s.d 01 Oktober 2020 dan tahap praktek pada tanggal 27 s.d 28 Oktober 2020.  Diakhir kegiatan dilaksanakan evaluasi dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kegiatan PkM yang dilaksanakan. Diungkapkan oleh peserta bahwa kegiatan ini sangat bermanfaat dalam pengembangan kapasitas pelayan gereja dalam menatalayani umat dimasa pandemic.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Teknologi Cloud Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Masa Pandemi
Authors: Safii M , Hartama Dedy , Ayunda Yuli Septya
Published: October 2021

Dimasa pandemi yang belum diketahui kapan berakhirnya berdampak pada seluru aspek kehidupan manusia. Dampak ini juga dirasakan oleh generasi muda yang saat ini sedang melaksanakan kegiatan pendidikan. Di Pematangsiantar kegiatan belajar mengajar masih dilaksanakan secara online yang memaksa tenaga pengajar dan siswa harus menguasai teknologi khususnya Internet. Secara umum pihak penyelenggara pendidikan menggunakan google classroom yaitu salah satu produk dari perusahaan google untuk belajar secara online. Pada pelatihan ini akan memperkenalkan fasilitas yang disediakan oleh teknologi cloud sehingga siswa bisa melatih kompetensinya terhadap penguasaan teknologi khususnya Teknologi Cloud. Fasilitas yang diperkenalkan kepada peserta pelatihan diantaranya media penyimpanan cloud menggunakan Google Cloud Datastore dan Pembuatan Formulir online. Pelatihan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 7-10 Juni 2021 secara daring menggunakan Zoom yang diikuti oleh 48 orang siswa dari berbagai sekolah di Pematangsiantar dan Kabupaten Simalungun yang diundang secara online melalui media sosial. Siswa yang mengikuti kegiatan pelatian ini dari berbagai jurusan yang berbeda. Setelah mengikuti kegiatan pelatihan secara umum dapat diamati bahwa selama pelatihan 4 hari siswa menjadi lebih menguasai dan memahami fasilitas teknologi cloud khususnya keterampilan membuat formulir online dan penyimpanan data menggunakan google cloud.
Basic Leadership Training for Karang Taruna Lengau Seprang Village
Authors: Ginting Ella Silvana , Lubis Tya Wildana Hapsari , Pertiwi Suci
Published: October 2021

Karang Taruna is a community social organization as a forum and means where young people can work to create social welfare, especially for the community around where they live. In the era of modernization as it is today, the mindset of the younger generation has begun to decrease to participate in community organizations such as Karang Taruna, especially among young genrasi in the countryside and villages where the younger generation is less concerned about community activities in their villages but not with the younger generation in Lengau Seprang village of Tanjung Morawa District.  In recent years, the younger generation in Lengau Seprang village actively participated in the Karang Taruna organization named Tunas Kencana. But because of the lack of experience and knowledge of the younger generation in the organization, especially knowledge about the basics of leadership and lack of support from the surrounding environment also affect the activities of the younger generation in the village. For this reason, a training was given on the basis of leadership for the members of Karang Taruna Tunas Kencana lengau Seprang village. With this basic leadership training, it is expected to help the problems faced by the younger generation that will be useful for them in running the Karang Taruna organization so as to improve the welfare of the community in Lengau Seprang village. The result achieved is a positive response from the younger generation, as well as village head Lengau Seprang who hopes that later training activities like this will often be done in their villages. The conclusion with this basic leadership training is to provide knowledge about the basis in leadership and the science of skills in organizing.
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Kabel Sesuai SNI Untuk Instalasi Listrik Rumah Tinggal Di Nagori Pagar Pinang Kecamatan Jorlang Hataran Kabupaten Simalungun
Authors: Sianturi Tambos August , Purba Jhon Sufriadi , Naibaho Winfrontstein
Published: October 2021

Energi Listrik adalah energi yang dibangkitkan dari generator kemudian disalurkan melalui Transmisi dan Gardu induk, kemudian disalurkan melalui jaringan Distribusi dan sampai ke konsumen rumah tinggal perkantoran, maupun industri. Tegangan yang di distribuskan sampai ke rumah tangga dengan tegangan yang diterima berkisar 220 Volt, dengan instalasi rumah tangga yang terpasangan beberapa peralatan rumah tangga. Instalasi listrik rumah tinggal yang baik terdiri dari sakelar dan stop kontak yang terhubung ke peralatan listrik. Instalasi listrik rumah tangga terdiri dari KWH meter, MCB, Sakelar peralatan rumah tangga (lampu, pompa) dan Stop Kontak.
Prevention of complications of iatrogenic transient bacteremia in dental practice
Authors: Ushakov R.V. , Tsarev V.N. , Ashueva A.Z. , Ushakov A.R. , Tsareva T.V.
Published: October 2021

The aim of the work was to develop an algorithm of anti-microbial chemotherapy for the perioperative prevention of local inflammatory complications.
To clarify the data on possible pathogens of postoperative local inflammatory complications, the authors conducted their own microbiological studies to determine the microbiome of an operating wound under the conditions of aerobic and anaerobic cultivation of inoculum with subsequent identification by a complex of morphological, cultural and biochemical properties. Periodontal pathogens were identified by PCR. The microbiome of the surgical wound was analyzed for conditionally clean wounds (group 1 — 61 patients after dental implantation surgery), infected (group 2-41 patients with a diagnosis of pericoronitis, difficult eruption of the wisdom tooth) and contaminated (group 3 — 42 patients after cystectomy, granulomectomy).
Based on the literature data and the results of our own research, an algorithm of antimicrobial chemotherapy (prevention) for outpatient operations in dental practice has been developed. The algorithm includes the most commonly used drugs by dentists, taking into account the microbiota of the postoperative wound, the sensitivity of pathogens to antibiotics, and the duration of treatment courses.
Stafne's Defect: a case report
Authors: Yaremenko A.I. , Ilukhina M.O. , Kalakutsky I.N. , Razumova A.Y.
Published: October 2021

The article reports on the clinical case of a patient with a diagnosis of "Stafne cyst", who was treated in the oncology department No. 8 of the Pavlov PSPbSMU.
The features of differential diagnosis and diagnostic measures necessary to clarify the diagnosis are given.
The situations when it is possible to avoid additional traumatic tests, as well as indications for the choice of surgical intervention or the possibility of refusing it, are analyzed.
The presented data can be useful when creating algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of a Staph cyst and making recommendations on the timing of treatment.
Variants of the design of the dentition of the anterior segments with a progenic and prognathic ratio of edentulous jaws
Authors: Aksyonov D.I. , Mayboroda Yu.N. , Aksenov I.N.
Published: October 2021

Objective: To improve the prosthetic and aesthetic treatment of patients with complete absence of teeth, taking into account the development of an algorithm for determining the size of the sagittal gap of the frontal segments against the background of a progenic or prognathic ratio of the jaws and their combinations.
Methods: A method of mathematical modeling based on digital data of the distance between the tops of the alveolar ridges of the frontal areas of the edentulous jaws has been developed using a designed measuring device.
Results: The results of digital calculations based on the determination of the root-mean-square deviation of the interalveolar lines revealed a different amount of bends and configurations of the interalveolar gaps and median arches common to both parts of the frontal segments. Five main variants of the interalveolar fissure and 26 cases of symmetric or asymmetric arrangement of the tops of the alveolar ridges of the right and left sides were obtained. Accordingly, the divergence angles for each pair in the projection of the missing teeth had their own characteristics, which must be taken into account when deciding on the choice of tooth placement in each specific case. Conclusions: Based on the obtained digital interpolation ratios of the interalveolar lines and the angles of their inclination in relation to the midline, the anterior teeth are placed taking into account the level of the sagittal gap, the parameters of which have different levels of symmetry or asymmetry on the right and left sides.
Gender Income Differentials in Malaysia
Authors: Cheong Jia Qi , Narayanan Suresh
Published: October 2021

Studies related to distribution of income is very important for national development as it is related to efforts also to reducing the gender earnings disparity. Women have overcome many challenges within the labour market, but gender income differentials still persist in Malaysia. As reducing the gender income differentials is one of the ingredients for sustained economic growth, this article examines the gender income distribution in several submarkets within the Malaysian labour market and discusses some initiatives aimed at reducing income disparities therein

Keywords: Differentials; Gender; Income; Labour, Malaysia
Synthesis of carbon nanotube arrays on quartz-based fibrous materials and their morphological characterization
Authors: Yamagiwa Kiyofumi , Yamaguchi Nobutomo
Published: October 2021

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized on quartz-based fibrous materials via chemical vapor deposition using camphor. Quartz wool with two different fiber diameters, and quartz filter paper were used as the substrate materials for the synthesis. Quartz wool produced a high yield of CNTs, and the arrays on the fibers had characteristic plate-shaped aligned structures. In addition, CNTs were grown on the quartz filter paper fibers; however, most of these CNTs were not aligned. The effects of the fiber diameter and interfiber distance of the substrate materials on the yield and morphology of the resulting CNTs are discussed.
The Effect of Social Media Marketing on Sales Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Fashion Industry in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Mulunda Armstrong Maelo , Mukabi Mary , Macharia Racheal
Published: October 2021

Small and medium enterprises in the various sectors of the Kenyan economy have been adopting social media marketing to steer their marketing objectives. The fashion enterprises have not been left behind in adopting and engaging their customers through the social media marketing channels. The traditional channels of marketing that include television, radio and billboard marketing are perceived to be more expensive compared to social media marketing channels, and thus has led to more enterprises switching to social media marketing. However, the local enterprises in the fashion industry still face stiff competition from cheap imported second-hand fashion products from other countries. The local fashion designers also face stiff competition from well-established global fashion brands that have penetrated the Kenyan market. High cost of capital and limited access to financing has also been a major challenge for the fashion enterprises and has led to many of them lacking sufficient resources to implement their marketing objectives. Furthermore, the fashion industry is very dynamic and there exists the challenge posed by the ever-changing consumer preferences in relation to the fashion trends. Lack of market readiness has led to poor performance of the fashion enterprises. The study sought to establish the effect of social media marketing on sales growth of small and medium enterprises in the fashion industry in Nairobi County. The study was anchored on two theories that include Technology Acceptance Model and Social Network Theory that related to the variables under study. The research used descriptive cross-sectional design with the target population comprising of the 210 fashion SMEs in Nairobi County dealing in fashion accessories, bodywear and footwear. The study used a census technique, where all the 210 listed fashion enterprises were studied. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Science Software (S.P.S.S) version 25. Regression analysis was performed to test the hypotheses of the study. The study established that Social media marketing had a positive significant effect on sales growth of small and medium enterprises in the fashion industry in Nairobi County. The study recommends that the fashion enterprises adopt effective social media marketing tools to steer their marketing campaigns and improve sales performance. Furthermore, the marketing strategies adopted should be optimized and enhanced to improve customer service and customer interaction with the fashion enterprises. Through social media adoption, the enterprises ought to share relevant and up-to-date content on their social media platforms to target their customers so as to accrue its benefits that include low costs of adoption and improved interaction between the customers and the fashion enterprises.
La adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles: diabetes, hipertensión y obesidad
Authors: Mendoza Reyes Robertha
Published: October 2021

Antecedentes. Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, en particular la diabetes, hipertensión y obesidad son enfermedades cuya prevalencia a nivel mundial, y también en México, ha tomado dimensiones de pandemia, ya que, pese a los diferentes modelos clínicos de atención aplicados, los cuales se basan principalmente en tratamientos nutricionales, farmacológicos y recomendaciones de cambio de estilo de vida, la prevalencia continúa creciendo. Identificar las barreras de los pacientes y del sistema de salud que afectan la adherencia terapéutica para el control de la enfermedad permitirá desarrollar modelos con mayor efectividad y eficacia. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión sobre las barreras de la adherencia terapéutica de pacientes con diabetes, hipertensión y obesidad en clínicas de atención de primer nivel. Método. Revisión bibliográfica, con búsquedas en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) y Google Scholar. Se revisaron fuentes primarias de tres tipos: revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos y artículos de revisión. Para la estrategia de búsqueda se utilizaron estos términos: adherencia terapéutica, barreras de la adherencia terapéutica, enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, diabetes, obesidad, hipertensión. El periodo seleccionado para la revisión bibliográfica es el comprendido entre el 2005 y el 2020. Resultados. Para el cumplimiento de la adherencia terapéutica existen diferentes barreras que no permiten el control de la enfermedad. Estas barreras pueden ser propias del paciente, pero también propias del sistema de salud que otorga el servicio, enfatizando el papel de los médicos para educar y orientar al paciente con respecto a su enfermedad y coadyuvar a su adherencia. Para identificar estas barreras existen diferentes instrumentos, los cuales han sido diseñados para diferentes enfermedades, por lo que para seleccionar el adecuado se debe considerar la enfermedad y el perfil de la población en la que se aplicará el cuestionario.
La investigación biomédica en seres humanos desde la ética pública: el valor social de la investigación
Authors: Páez Moreno Ricardo
Published: October 2021

La investigación biomédica en seres humanos en los países con mediano o bajo ingreso ha despertado el interés de la bioética por cómo lograr una distribución equitativa de los beneficios. Las cuestiones de justicia se han abordado bajo el concepto de «disponibilidad razonable» o «distribución justa de los beneficios». Sin embargo, la insuficiencia de este enfoque radica en que las cuestiones públicas se han abordado desde los principios bioéticos de beneficencia, no maleficencia y justicia. Recientemente se ha abordado el tema desde la justicia social, pero el enfoque propio de la ética referida a las poblaciones o ética pública es una asignatura pendiente de profundizar. Este trabajo quiere señalar la importancia de este enfoque complementario. Se pretende, desde la ética pública, ver la necesidad de enfocarse en el valor social del conocimiento generado, y ofrecer algunos criterios orientadores para ser detectados por los Comités de Ética de la Investigación.
El feto como paciente: diferentes posturas sobre un mismo concepto
Authors: Moreno D’Anna Milagros Ma. de las Mercedes , Páez Gustavo
Published: October 2021

Las malformaciones anatómicas congénitas, como los trastornos genéticos, son causa actual y frecuente de aborto de tipo eugenésico en países con despenalización y/o legalización del aborto. La medicina fetal diagnóstica y terapéutica, entre las que se encuentra la cirugía fetal intrauterina, ha colocado en el universo de la ciencia biomédica al feto como un nuevo paciente. Plantear que el feto es un paciente significaría reconocer que es una persona. Para saber si un feto es un paciente o no, se debe establecer si éste tiene un estado moral independiente. En el presente artículo analizaremos tres posturas sobre la consideración del feto como paciente.
Propuesta preliminar de principios orientadores para una bioética global capaz de enfrentar los retos de hoy
Authors: Fernández Molina María Victoria
Published: October 2021

La realidad actual y sus múltiples interacciones exigen de la bioética global una respuesta clara que establezca las bases para la guía y solución de los conflictos y dilemas bioéticos globales. A lo largo del presente texto se reflexionará acerca de los alcances de la bioética global, desde su nacimiento como disciplina hasta hoy, para concluir con una propuesta de metodología que contribuya al aporte de soluciones sencillas a problemas complejos desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria.
Bioética y derechos humanos. XXV años de reflexiones
Authors: Gómez Álvarez José Enrique
Published: October 2021

Reseña del libro: Ruiz de Chávez, Manuel (Coord.) Bioética y derechos humanos. XXV años de reflexiones. Editorial Fontamara. Mexico; 2018, 314 pp.
IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING ON AGGRESSION AND EMPATHY AMONG ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Das Jayashree , Ghosh Soumitra
Published: October 2021

Adolescence is a challenging and dynamic period due to hormonal, physical, emotional, cognitive and social changes. Aggression in any form, if
present or its manifestations is linked to various psychosocial maladjustments or mental disorders and is negatively associated with pro social
behavior and adaptive social functioning, especially during adolescence. It may also be a red ag sign for development of mental disorders. It has
been reported in many studies throughout the world that, aggressive behaviors are common in schools. One factor that buffers against aggression
during adolescence is empathy. Emotional intelligence and empathy are considered key components of emotional education by developing young
people's capacity to successfully cope with the pressures of life and demands of their stressful environment. Social-emotional learning (SEL) is one
such interventional program that focuses on these issues and helps in improving empathy and decreasing aggression in adolescents. The
Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL, 2012) denes SEL as the process of acquiring the skills to recognize and
manage emotions, develop caring and concern for others, make responsible decisions, establish positive relationships, and handle challenging
situations effectively. Effective SEL programming begins in preschool and continues through high school. SEL improves student attitudes and
beliefs about self, others, school and community. There is a growing awareness in the U.S. and European countries among educators and
policymakers about the importance of social and emotional development for successful student performance. Also many studies and research on
SELintervention in school curriculum has reported that that SELintervention has decreased anger, aggression and has improved empathy. In a way
to sum up SELhelps in the holistic development of a student and prepares them to become responsible adults.
HEALTHCARE QUALITY & PATIENT SAFETY (HQPS): AN EXPERIENCE AT INDIAN HOSPITAL, MONUSCO, D R CONGO
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Dash PK , Singh Madan Gurdarshdeep
Published: October 2021

Maintaining health care quality and patient safety standards are essential for providing high quality patient care while ensuring safety to both
patient and health care staff. DHMOSH requires all UN medical establishments to comply with HQPS standards which are derived from JCI
specication. Our hospital is highest eld medical echelon in the UN. Patient safety and health care quality is not a destination but a continuous
journey and this article intends to share the journey of the hospital through challenges faced, undergoing course correction and nally successfully
undergoing HQPS assessment during ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
EVALUATION OF THE SERUM CALCIUM AND GLUCOSE LEVEL IN MODERATE AND SEVERE BIRTH ASPHYXIA: A CASE CONTROL STUDY IN SCB MEDICAL COLLEGE CUTTACK, ODISHA
Authors: Kumar Meher Rabindra , Kumar Panda Deshish , Naik Surjit , Behera Saiprasanna
Published: October 2021

Aprospective case control study was conducted in Department of Pediatrics, Newborn ward of S.C.B. Medical College & Hospital and SVPPGIP,
Cuttack, Odisha from September 2017 to September 2019 by taking 202 newborns having history and clinical features of moderate & severe
hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and they were evaluated for their serum calcium and blood glucose levels. In the present study mean serum
calcium level was found to be low in babies with moderate birth asphyxia and severe birth asphyxia as compared to control. Again it was also found
to be low in severe birth asphyxia as compared to moderate birth asphyxia. The percentage of hypo calcemic babies was found to be more in babies
with moderate birth asphyxia and severe birth asphyxia as compared to control. Again it was also found to be more in severe birth asphyxia as
compared to moderate birth asphyxia. In this study percentage of hypoglycemic babies was found to be more in babies with moderate birth
asphyxia and severe birth asphyxia as compared to control. Again it was also found to be more in severe birth asphyxia as compared to moderate
birth asphyxia. All the comparison was signicant statistically(P<0.05). This study showed that risk of hypocalcemia and hypoglycemia increased
with severity of birth asphyxia. The present study showed that survival was more with normal serum calcium level as compared to low serum
calcium level (95.5% vs 74.7%) whereas fatal outcome was more with low serum calcium level as compared to normal serum calcium level (22.2%
vs 2.3%). Low serum calcium level was associated with more fatal outcome. The difference was statistically signicant as P< 0.05.The present
study showed that survival was more with normal blood glucose level as compared to low blood glucose level (92.5% vs 44.6%) whereas death was
more with low blood glucose level (48.2% vs 6.2%). Low blood glucose level was associated with more fatal outcome. The difference was
statistically signicant (P< 0.05).Although the study result has resemblance to previous studies, as there is no such type of study has been done
previously in this institution, where patient burden is much more higher than resources and where emphasis on prevention, this study will establish
an cost effective management protocol of birth asphyxia babies in my institution.
TELEDENTISTRY: A GRACE TO THE HUMANITY IN COVID 19 SCENARIO
Authors: Sen Roy Santanu , Bhaduri Jayasree , Pal Kankana
Published: October 2021

The rapid spread of COVID-19 virus all over the world has a devastating effect on the dental practices. As the COVID-19 virus wreaks havoc with the health care system, teledentistry is stepping up into the spot light and helps in bridging the gap between the people and the dentists. Thus many oral health related problems can be solved virtually via video conferencing or by simple telephone conversation.
“COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY OF TOPICAL SILICONE GELAND INTRALESIONAL TRIAMCINOLONE IN TREATMENT OF KELOID”
Authors: Chandra Jagdish , Bhandari Krishna Kumar
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION: Keloid is a common wound healing disorder encountered in post surgery, burn and even minor injury such as ear piercing.
The greatest morbidity in treatment of keloid is its high chances of recurrence post surgery. It creates a great challenge in the management of keloid.
Following any trauma and surgery, the wound healing generally takes place and is completed by 6-12 months. In some patients this process is
delayed and extends beyond 1 year and the excess scar formation occurs.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: There are different modalities for the treatment of keloid. None of these modalities provides 100% efcacy in
managing lesions. Different modalities have highly varying efcacy among themselves. So the objective of this study is to compare the efcacy of
Intralesional Triamcinolone and topical silicon gel in management of keloid.
METHODOLOGY: Sixty patients of keloid attending the outpatient Department of Surgery, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital,
Laheriasarai; Darbhanga, Bihar, constituted the source of data for a period of 2 years from January 2019 to December 2020. This study included
two different treatment regimens with 30 patients in each group.
RESULTS AND ANALYSIS: the students constituted the maximum number of cases i.e 38.3 % followed by housewife 30.0% ,farmers 18.3%,
labouerer 6.7%, others 6.7%. respectively. however the occupation in the prevalence of disease is not signicant (p value >0.05). In majority of
patients the duration of lesion was between 1 and 2 years (65 %) followed by <1 years (23.33%). Minimum number of patients were in >2 years
(11.67 %) of duration. The range of duration of lesions was 6 months to 2.5 years.
SUMMARYAND CONCLUSION: The both modalities of treatment was more effective in treating smaller size and shorter duration of lesion
than massive keloids. Thus keloids are more common in female , over the prestrernal region and mostly present in third decade of life. Both
Intralesional Triamcinolone and Topical silicon gel are effective in treating keloid with minimal side effective. Relatively better responses was seen
with using Intralesional Trimacinolone than silicon gel. But silicon gel had advantage that it can used by patient itself and lesser frequency of
hospital visits for administration.
ASSESSMENT OF CAREGIVER BURDEN OF MENTALLY ILL PATIENTS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: K N Sreekala , Itty Amma K R Leela
Published: October 2021

One of the main aspects of community care of mentally ill patient is family support. Caregiver Burden is the Physical, Emotional & Financial toll of
providing care. A caregiver may go into depression, anxiety, physical burnout or emotional burnout due to stress of giving care to the patient. By
assessing the burden and nding out the factors related to high burden we can nd out the coping strategies. This cross-sectional study was planned
to assess Caregiver burden of mentally ill patients and also to nd out the factors associated with high caregiver burden among the study subjects.
This study was conducted in tertiary mental health care centres of Thiruvananthapuram among 80 primary care givers using Burden Assessment
Schedule (BAS) developed by Schizophrenia Research Foundation (SCARF), Chennai and data was analysed to get Proportions and Chi Square.
We found that majority of caregivers had high burden and caregiver's relationship with patient is signicantly associated with high burden.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CIRCUIT AND AEROBIC DANCE TRAINING IN NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND BODY FAT OF OVERWEIGHT URBAN SCHOOL GIRLS
Authors: Adhikary Puja , Mishra Srikanta
Published: October 2021

Centering upon the suffering from chronic energy deciency due to overweight and high body fat is very common problem in urban school girls of
our society. In present days, in this pandemic situation, a compulsion practice and system of staying inside the home and intake of more amount of
food without having any physical exercise, gives the gift birth of overweight status of our children. From this point of view, the researcher intends to
investigate a comparative study of circuit and aerobic dance training programmes to reduce body fat and for adopting heathy weight and BMI and
also to investigate which programme is more effective. Ninety, seventh and eight standard obese girls of Kalitala girls high school (N = 45) and
Mission Girls High School (N = 45) mean age (13+1) years of Bankura district of West Bengal, India were randomly selected as the subjects for the
study. For experimental purpose total ninety subjects were sub-divided systematically on the basis of over-weight status into three equal groups (n
= 30). The circuit training and aerobic dance programs were randomly assigned to two groups which were designated as experimental groups:
Group A (Circuit Training) and Group B (Aerobic Dance) and were imparted 12 weeks of circuit training and aerobic dance training programs,
respectively whereas the remaining group was designated as the control group (Group C). Result showed that greater contributory effects of
aerobic dance program in developing healthy BMI of overweight school girls than that of circuit training program.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM LACTATE LEVELS WITH CREATINE KINASE – MB AND LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Manonmani Mallaiyan , Kavitha Meiyappan
Published: October 2021

Objectives: Myocardial infarction is the most common form of coronary heart disease, the commonest cause of worldwide mortality. The present
biochemical markers take atleast 6 hours for elevation following an episode of myocardial infarction. There is a need for sensitive marker for early
diagnosis and prognosis. Lactate, the end product of anaerobic glycolysis is found to be elevated in many critical illnesses. Thus the study was
undertaken to assess the levels of serum lactate in patients with myocardial infarction and to correlate it with the frequently used enzymatic markers
for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, i.e creatine kinase – MB and lactate dehydrogenase
Methods: Fifty age and sex matched controls and fty cases of myocardial infarction were included in the study. Serum creatine kinase – MB,
lactate dehydrogenase and lactate were estimated in these subjects.
Results:The serum lactate levels were signicantly higher among cases when compared to controls. The serum lactate levels positively correlated
with serum creatine kinase – MB among cases but not with lactate dehydrogenase.
Conclusions: We conclude that serum lactate is altered in patients with myocardial infarction and may be considered as a prognostic risk factor in
these patients. Further studies are needed to nd the cut-off value of serum lactate for assistance in the hemodynamic management of these patients.
ASSOCIATION OF GENDER, ALCOHOLISM, PAN CHEWING, HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIAAND HYPERTENSION WITH GASTRO ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD) AND UPPER GI ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS IN GERD- A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: K N Sreekala , C Das Cinthya
Published: October 2021

This was a case control study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala to nd out the factors that can cause GERD among 138 subjects after
getting Institutional Ethics Committee permission and Informed consent from the subjects. Data was collected with the help of questionnaire and
also from the medical records. Data was analysed in the SPSS software; proportions and Odds ratio with 95% condence interval were calculated.
Pan chewing and Hypercholesterolemia were found to be associated with GERD and 24% of the patients had Barrett’s esophagus on upper GI
endoscopy
COMPARISON OF INDUCTION WITH PROPOFOLAND SEVOFLURANE FOR LARYNGEAL MASK AIRWAY INSERTION DURING ELECTIVE SURGERIES
Authors: Sravanthi Kotturi Anjani , Bhavani Geetha
Published: October 2021

Background And Aims: Laryngeal mask airways are gaining popularity these days in airway management and can be used for various types of
surgeries and also during resuscitation. The aim of the study is to compare the induction characteristics and hemodynamic changes associated with
intravenous injection of Propofol or inhalational Sevourane induction for LMAinsertion during elective surgeries.
Materials And Methods: It is a prospective, single blind, randomized controlled study that is conducted at Maharajah's Institute of Medical
Sciences, Nellimarla,Vizianagaram from January 2019 to July 2019. The study consists of sixty patients belonging to ASA grade I & II, aged
between 20-60 years of both sexes, undergoing elective surgical procedures, which were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 each. Patients in
Group-A were induced with intravenous injection of Propofol 2mg/kg and inhalation of 100% Oxygen whereas in Group-B were induced with
inhalation of 8% Sevourane in 100% Oxygen. The data regarding time for induction, LMAinsertion and hemodynamic parameters were recorded
and compared in both the study groups.
Results: The mean time taken for induction and insertion of LMAwas less in Group A(100±13.6sec) compared to Group B(120±14.2sec) and this
difference is statistically signicant. The fall in MAPand HR in group - Ais also signicant.
Conclusion: The quality of anaesthesia provided by propofol is better when compared to Sevourane for LMAinsertion, even though Sevourane
is associated with better haemodynamic stability.
HYPOTHYROIDISM IN PREGNANCY -SIGNIFICANCE OF ADEQUATE TREATMENT: A STUDY OF 100 CASES IN NORTH BIHAR
Authors: Rani Vasudha , Kumari Punam
Published: October 2021

Pregnancy is a nature's gift of humanity for procreation and continuation of its race. This gift is however fraught with several complications and has
potential threat to the mother and the foetus. When pregnancy is compounded by endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, the potential for
maternal and foetal adverse outcomes can be immense. While a lot of attention has been focused on the adverse foetal outcomes consequent to
hypothyroidism, attention is also being gradually directed towards the adverse maternal outcomes of this disorder. Role of antibody positivity in
inuencing outcomes in a euthyroid woman, also needs further clarication. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism in pregnancy is
very essential. Subclinical hypothyroidism also needs to be detected and treated to prevent adverse outcomes, especially maternal. Since women
with hypothyroidism during pregnancy, especially of the autoimmune variety might have a are up of the disorder post-partum, or might continue
to require thyroxine replacement post-partum, adequate follow-up is mandatory. While targeted case nding is generally practised, recent evidence
seems to indicate that universal screening might be a better option. In conclusion, routine screening, early conrmation of diagnosis and prompt
treatment allied with regular post-partum follow up, is required to ensure favourable maternal and foetal outcomes.
CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF CHILDHOOD PSORIASIS PATIENTS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HLA-CW6 IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF EASTERN INDIA
Authors: Behra Akhilesh
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND- Psoriasis is chronic common papulosquamous disorder. Its aetiology included various environmental and genetic factors. In
genetics, HLA-Cw6 is most commonly associated with psoriasis. Childhood psoriasis is also common in worldwide population. However, very
few studies done on epidemiological data and HLA-Cw6 analysis in childhood psoriasis patients.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE- Clinicoepidemiological study of childhood psoriasis patients and its association with HLA-Cw6 in a tertiary care
centre of Eastern India
MATERIALAND METHOD- We conducted a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care centre and recruited 20 patients of psoriasis with age group
below 18 years after taking proper consent. Clinical history and blood was taken from them and HLA-Cw6 analysis was done by PCR method. Data
compilation was done by Microsoft excel using SPSS software.
RESULTS- A total of the 20 childhood psoriasis patients, 9 were males and 11 were females. Generalized plaque type psoriasis (N=19) is
commonest followed by guttate psoriasis (N=1). None of the patients had arthalgia. Family history was present in only 3 patients. Higher numbers
of childhood psoriasis patients (N=14) were positive for HLA-Cw6. Also Higher numbers of females (N=10) were positive for HLA-Cw6. ve
patients had nail changes.
CONCLUSION- We found HLA-Cw6 is strongly associated with childhood psoriasis and also HLA-Cw6 frequency is higher in female than male
childhood psoriasis patients.
KNOWLEDGE OF PARENTS TOWARDS SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: S. Altuwairqi Yasir. Awad , Mohammed Almalki Abdulmalik , Almalki Oqab.M.
Published: October 2021

Background:Anxiety is a common condition among young children that can be detected in the early years of life. Separation anxiety is a subtype
of anxiety that can affect young children and negatively inuence their physical and intellectual development. Hence, the knowledge of parents
about separation anxiety is crucial to reduce its incidence among children,
Objective: This survey analysis aims to investigate the knowledge of parents living in Saudi Arabia towards separation anxiety, its causes, risk
factors diagnosis, and treatment.
Design and Setting:Aself-administered structured survey was sent to the public online targeting parents. The survey included questions to collect
data on parents' demographics, their children, their knowledge about separation anxiety, and any children with separation anxiety. Data analysis
was excuted through SPSS program version 26.
Results: 1090 parents responded to this online survey, with 27.9% of them were in the age group between 36 to 45 years old, and 29.4% had two
children aged less than 18 years old. As for the knowledge of patients regarding separation anxiety, 23.6% knew about the disease. 29.4% of parents
strongly agreed that separation anxiety is a medical condition; 21.6% strongly agreed that these children are anxious and avoid going to school. As
for parents who have children with separation anxiety, 7.6% of the parents had children with separation anxiety, and 7.3% had children with an age
onset of the disease at less than four years old. As for treatment, 42.4% of the responders strongly agreed that separation anxiety should be treated as
soon as possible to prevent mental health problems, and 73.2% of parents agreed that it could be achieved through family therapy, while only 4.2%
of parents thought that there is no treatment for separation anxiety. The parents' average knowledge score was 4.6±3.6, with a minimum score of
zero and a maximum score of 27. Factors that can signicantly inuence knowledge towards separation anxiety are gender, age group, nationality,
marital status, educational level, employment status, place of residence, and having children less than 18 years old at p-value <0.001.
Conclusion: The knowledge of parents towards childhood separation anxiety is considered unsatisfactory and requires improvement. Awareness
campaigns in public areas should be held for this purpose.