bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rastreamento e manejo da Síndrome da Apneia e Hipopneia Obstrutiva do Sono: desafios para profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Authors: Carrilho Leonardo Ennes , Cal André França Fontes , Camargos Isabela Ribeiro , Bicalho Joseph Gualberto , Cangussu Larissa Anne Ruas , Werneque Lissa Carvalho , Santos Manuela Cristina Bicalho , Leite Isabel Cristina Gonçalves
Published: June 2021

A Síndrome da Apneia e Hipopneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAHOS) é condição clínica importante com incidência crescente nos países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. É condição negligenciada, com prevalência entre 30 a 56%, responsável por 80% dos casos de hipertensão arterial resistente (HAR), causa de sonolência diurna, hiperutilização de serviços de saúde, incapacidade laboral, sintomas depressivos, acidentes de trânsito e de trabalho e fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). Este artigo tem como objetivo atualizar informações e com isso alertar sobre a importância do rastreamento e manejo da SAHOS em população com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) assistida na atenção primária à saúde (APS).
Construção e Implementação de um Software com Ferramenteas Estatísticas Voltado para o Gerenciamento da Qualidade de Produtos, Processos e Serviços
Authors: Avelino Placca José , Ribeiro Pavanin Fernando , Duarte Silva Gabrielli
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é a construção e implementação de um software de uso trivial que contemple as principais ferramentas estatísticas para o gerenciamento e controle dos processos produtivos e serviços. O método de abordagem utilizado nesse trabalho se trata do método hipotético dedutivo, visto que o problema apresentado foi a dificuldade na obtenção de um software de uso trivial para o gerenciamento estatístico de processos. As principais características que contemplam o software, como o uso trivial e as principais ferramentas estatísticas de controle, sendo estas Histograma, Pareto, Carta de Controle (CEP), Gráfico de Correlação e Box Plot foram selecionadas pela técnica Delphi e correspondem a 85% das indicações levantadas. O software foi desenvolvido na linguagem R, compilado na versão 3.2.3 e com a utilização da interface de linguagem Java. A validação do software obteve a comprovação da veracidade de seus resultados obtidos através da comparação dos resultados preliminares do software desenvolvido com os resultados obtidos por meio da utilização da ferramenta Excel 2013 da Microsoft, obtendo como erro relativo calculado de zero por cento. Através do software desenvolvido, obtêm-se um ganho de aproximadamente 26 minutos para a execução das ferramentas estatísticas comparadas com a ferramenta Excel, que correspondem a um ganho de tempo de 88%. A implementação do software foi realizada nos principais indicadores do processo de fermentação de uma usina de açúcar e álcool, tais como temperatura, viabilidade, floculação, infecção, vazão e brix do mosto e a produção de etanol.  Na etapa final do trabalho, foram evidenciadas melhorias no gerenciamento e controle do processo de fermentação, que resultou em um ganho de 5% na produção de etanol e de 41% na produção de levedura seca e, além disso, levou a uma economia de 14% no consumo de insumos, resultando em um aumento de lucratividade total de R$ 3.547.444,62 (três milhões, quinhentos e quarenta e sete mil, quatrocentos e quarenta e quatro reais e sessenta e dois centavos), comprovando, deste modo, a importância de um software estatístico de uso trivial no gerenciamento e controle de processos e serviços.
Aplicação da metodologia PDCA no desenvolvimento de compósitos biodegradáveis de fibra de coco e amido modificado
Authors: Lima Geovana Pires , Maria Fornari Junior Celso Carlino , Monteiro de Aquino Malu , Figueredo Pedro Paulo de Souza
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um material compósito com amido modificado e fibra vegetal. Para tal, foi necessário a execução de uma série de etapas e ajustes, para se alcançar e garantir a conformidade na concepção do novo material. Para auxiliar o processo, utilizou-se a ferramenta da qualidade PDCA (planeja, fazer, chegar e agir) que garantiu a minimização do tempo de desenvolvimento e a sequência de passos para obter um material mais adequado em termos de propriedades e possível de ser replicado. Desta forma, pôde-se estruturar o desenvolvimento da manufatura do compósito na etapa inicial do trabalho com otimização do tempo e objetividade na busca das soluções. O trabalho implementou cinco ciclos da metodologia para alcançar o objetivo proposto, em que foi engendrado um compósito constituido na proporção de 2 partes de fibra de coco, 1 de amido e 5 partes de água, na temperatura de 90 °C pelo tempo de aproximadamente 6 horas.
Indicadores de Desempenho Logísticos: proposta de implantação em um Centro de Distribuição
Authors: Luiz Back Junior Irineu
Published: June 2021

Mensurar o desempenho das operações realizadas em uma empresa torna-se crucial para o alcance de uma gestão mais assertiva, pois, favorece o conhecimento exato da eficiência dos resultados alcançados, e assim, um embasamento sólido para as tomadas de decisões. Nesta perspectiva, o presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de implantação de indicadores de desempenhos logísticos em um Centro de Distribuição, pertencente a uma rede de materiais de construção localizada no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Para cumprir com este propósito, realizou-se uma pesquisa na literatura e fez-se um levantamento na empresa, visando o mapeamento das operações realizadas e o entendimento dos anseios quanto ao gerenciamento do empreendimento por parte dos gestores. Diante disto, formularam-se um total de vinte e um indicadores, além de outras ações de intervenção, afim de apoiar o processo de implantação e a gestão dos mesmos. Dessa forma, o trabalho mostrou-se satisfatório e de ampla aceitação pelos gestores do negócio, que entenderam a necessidade de uma mudança e melhoria no gerenciamento de suas operações, advindas com a implantação dos indicadores propostos.
Climatic water balance in Hamelmalo, Eritrea
Authors: Gebreyesus Mehari , Rivera Garcia Arzu , Tuba Géza , Kovács Györgyi , Sinka Lúcia , Zsembeli József
Published: June 2021

Agricultural production is an important sector for peoples to live, but it is highly affected by climate change. To have a good production we need to understand the climatic parameters which adversely affect production. Hamelmalo, which is located in the semi-arid area of Eritrea, is vulnerable to climate change and this is realised in the total production loss. Nevertheless, there is no concrete reference about the climate of the region due to lack of data for a long time. Changes in precipitation (P), evapotranspiration (ET) and, implicitly, in the climatic water balance (CWB), are imminent effects of climate change. However, changes in the CWB, as a response to changes in P and ET, have not yet been analysed thoroughly enough in many parts of the world, including Eritrea. This study also explores the changes of the CWB in the Hamelmalo region, based on a wide range of climatic data (P, relative air humidity and evaporation pan necessary for computing potential evapotranspiration (PET) with the pan evaporation method) recorded at Hamelmalo from 2015-2019. This analysis shows that the annual cumulative CWB for Hamelmalo is negative in 67% of the years. The dry season without precipitation leads to negative CWB and the change in CWB only starts from the raining or crop season. Based on this recent study, 2015 had the highest PET and lowest P, and this resulted in the lowest CWB in the investigated period. Opposite to this, 2019 had lower PET and highest P, which led to the highest CWB. However, the monthly values of CWB did not correlate with the annual P or ET. On the base of our study, it can be concluded that PET and P were very variable in the investigated years and P was the most influential elements of CWB.
Methodology adaptation and development to assess salt content dynamics and salt balance of soils under secondary salinization
Authors: Rivera Garcia Arzu , Tuba Géza , Kovács Györgyi , Sinka Lúcia , Zsembeli József
Published: June 2021

The effect of irrigation with saline water (above 500 mg L-1) is considered a problem of small-scale farmers growing vegetable crops with high water demand in the hobby gardens characteristic of the Hungarian Great Plain. In order to simulate the circumstances of such hobby garden, we set up an experiment including five simple drainage lysimeters irrigated with saline water in the Research Institute of Karcag IAREF UD in 2019. We regularly measured the electric conductivity (EC) of the soil referring to its salt content and the soil moisture content with mobile sensors. Before and after the irrigation season, soil samples from the upper soil layer (0-0.6 m) were taken for laboratory analysis and the soil salt balance (SB) was calculated. The actual salt balance (SBact) was calculated of the upper soil layer (0-0.6 m) based on the salt content of the obtained soil samples. The theoretical salt balance (SBth) was calculated by the total soluble salt content of the irrigation water and leachates. During the irrigation season, we experienced fluctuating EC in the topsoil in close correlation with the soil moisture content. Based on the performed in-situ EC measurements, salts were leached from the upper soil layer resulting in a negative SB. Combining SBact and SBth of the soil columns of the lysimeters, we estimated the SB of the deeper (0.6-1.0 m) soil layer. We quantified 12% increase of the initial salt mass due to accumulation. We consider this methodology to be suitable for deeper understanding secondary salinization, which can contribute to mitigating its harmful effect. By repeating our measurements, we expect similar results proving that saline irrigation waters gained from the aquifers through drilled wells in Karcag are potentially suitable for irrigation if proper irrigation and soil management are applied.
Effect of different N doses on maize yield and quality
Authors: Horváth Éva , András Tamás , Fejér Péter , Széles Adrienn
Published: June 2021

The effect of N doses on the yield and nutritional values of the Sushi (FAO 340) maize hybrid were analysed in three years (2018, 2019, and 2020). The analyses were performed at the Látókép Experimental Station of the University of Debrecen on calcareous chernozem soil, in a striped, small-plot, non-irrigated long-term field experiment. In the experiment, in addition to the non-fertilized treatment (A0), the N-fertilizer doses were applied as basic fertilizer and top dressing. The 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 dose (A60, A120) applied as spring basic fertilizer were followed by two phases of top-dressing in V6 (V690, V6120) and V12 (V12150, V12180) phenophases; the amounts were +30 and +30 kg N ha-1.
Maize yields were affected to varying degrees by crop year. The highest yields in 2018 and 2020 were recorded in the same V6150 treatment, while in 2019 the highest yield was obtained in the A120 treatment.
Increasing the N doses resulted in an increase in the protein content of the maize kernel. Depending on the fertilizer treatments and the crop year effect, the protein content of maize kernels varied between 6.2–10.2 g x 100 g-1. In all three years, the protein content was the lowest in the control treatment (A0) and the highest in the V6150 treatment.
The starch content ranged from 70.7 to 77.9 g x 100 g-1 in the average of the three years. In 2020, it was significantly higher in all nutrient treatments than in the other examined two years. The highest starch content - except for 2020 (A120, 77.9 g x 100 g-1) - was recorded in the A0 treatment (74.2, 72.3 g x 100 g-1).
The oil content of maize kernels varied between the values of 3.8 and 5.2 g x 100 g-1 in the average of three years. In terms of oil content, the results for 2018 and 2019 can be considered the same, while in 2020 it was significantly lower. Fertilizer treatments did not significantly affect the oil content of maize in any of the years.
The fertilizer dose applied in the V12 phenological phase was not effective in terms of yield and nutritional content (protein, starch and oil content).
Comparison of chemical parameters of enzyme active and inactive malt types
Authors: Nagy Vivien , Máthé Endre , Jevcsák Szintia , Fülep Zsolt , Fülep Ádám , Diósi Gerda
Published: June 2021

Nowadays there is an increasing emphasis on the use of raw materials. Typically, raw materials – in this study malt – are used in animal feeds and used in the brewing industry. However, in terms of quality (eg. high fibre content), these can be included in human nutrition, we have limited information on this possibility. The aim of our work was to compare different malt flours and examine the possibility of using malt in the baking industry. We were to investigate some of the most relevant parameters, such as dietary fibre content, crude protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, dry matter content, moisture content, salt and energy content. In the future, we aim to conduct a research on some of these parameters with different malt types as the brewing industry uses novel ingredients different cereals, pseudocereals such as amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), oat (Avena sativa L.), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in addition to the spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Based on brewing studies, malt has a high fibre and protein content. Having these advantageous qualities, malt should be part of humans’ healthy diet. Using malt flour in the baking industry can be a new direction which can lead to creating a healthier lifestyle and healthier eating habits than suggested by the WHO (World Health Organization).
Fracionamento das Formas de Fósforo em Terra Preta de Índio / Phosphorus Fractionation on “Terra Preta de Índio”
Authors: Pessoa Junior Erasmo Sergio Ferreira , De Souza Wamber Broni , Santana Genilson Pereira
Published: June 2021

A Terra Preta de Índio (TPI) é rica em fósforo (P) e cálcio (Ca), por ser um solo de origem antrópica. A forma de P inorgânico mais comum nesse solo, é aquela formada com Ca, consequência da mineralização da hidroxiapatita da composição de ossos de animais descartado no solo. Para entender o processo de extração de P em TPI, como os extratores químicos, foi realizado um estudo do fracionamento das formas de P inorgânicas, em conjunto com os extratores Mehlich-1 (M1), Mehlich-3, Bray-1 (B1) e Olsen (OL), com objetivo de verificar o comportamento de extração das principais formas do P inorgânico pelos extratores M1, M3, B1 e OL. E para tanto, as amostras de solo coletadas na profundidade 0-20 cm, em oito sítios da Mesorregião do Centro Amazonense foram submetidas ao fracionamento de P pelo método proposto por Chang e Jackson em consorcio das extrações com M1, M3, B1 e OL. Os resultados das partições das formas de P foram caracterizados pela variação de todas as formas, de acordo com local amostrado. O extrator M1 retirou quantidades variadas de P-FL, P-Fe e P-Al, e influenciou principalmente na retirada do P-Ca. O OL possui a extrai preferencialmente o P mais disponível para a solução do solo. Portanto, a dinâmica de extração de P com o M1, M3, B1 e OL, está diretamente relacionada com a variabilidade dos teores das formas de P-FL, P-Fe e P-Al e P-Ca em solos antrópicos.
Intoxicação por medicamentos em crianças no ambiente doméstico: Revisão sistemática / Drug poisoning in children in the domestic environment: Systematic review
Authors: Moraes Danilo Queiroz de , Júnior Robson do Nascimento Muniz , Ferreira Ligianete da Costa , Brito Marcelo Augusto Mota
Published: June 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O Sistema Nacional de Informações Tóxico-Farmacológicas (SINITOX) da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), demonstrou que crianças de 1 a 4 anos compõem a população mais expostas à intoxicação, totalizando 130 mil casos, seguida da faixa etária de cinco a nove anos (32.668 registros) e de 10 a 14 anos (24.282) (SINITOX, 2018).  OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores associados à intoxicação por medicamentos em crianças no ambiente doméstico.MÉTODOS: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática organizada segundo os critérios do Prisma. Utilizando as bibliotecas virtuais Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Pubmed (Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina) e Lilacs (Literatura Latina – Americana e do Caribe em ciência da saúde) para a pesquisa das palavras chaves encontradas no DeSC, entre as publicações 1 de janeiro de 2010 a 31 dezembro 2020.RESULTADOS: A faixa etária de 1-2 anos apresentou o maior índice de casos de intoxicação em crianças com 51,7% no qual os fatores mais relevantes foram o armazenamento inapropriado com   46,51% das razões que levaram as crianças a serem intoxicadas. Entre os medicamentos estão os antiepiléticos que representam 34,23% de intoxicação, seguido de antibióticos 23,47% e analgésicos e antiinflamatório 15,12%.CONCLUSÕES: O armazenamento inapropriado foi a principal causa de intoxicação infantil neste estudo. Demonstrando que simples atitudes de prevenção como manter o medicamento fora do alcance da criança, em caixas com travas e armazenamento em armários alto ou chaveados, mudaria a estatísticas de casos de intoxicação no ambiente doméstico.
Prática educacional no ato de ensinar e aprender matemática nos anos finais do ensino fundamental por meio do processo - RICA: Raciocínio lógico, Inteligência matemática, Criatividade e Aprendizagem/ Educational practice in the act of teaching and learning mathematics in the final years of elementary school through the process - RICA: Logical reasoning, Mathematical intelligence, Creativity and Learning
Authors: Pontes Edel Alexandre Silva , Moura Helloyne Roberta Eloi , Coelho Elis Lima , Silva Bruno Henrique Macêdo dos Santos , Batista Igor Santana
Published: June 2021

A busca por novas metodologias para o ensino e aprendizagem de matemática são eventos substanciais para se tornar efetivo á construção do saber científico, de modo a não conceber um ensino sem significados com respostas acabadas, mas uma proposta que envolva o aluno a interagir os conceitos abstratos com sua realidade. A ideia do trabalho é recomendar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de matemática – RICA - como proposta metodológica para o ato de ensinar e o ato de aprender matemática na educação básica, exemplificando por meio de problemas direcionados aos anos finais do ensino fundamental. Este método de ensinar e aprender matemática fundamenta-se em quatro pilares: Raciocínio lógico, Inteligência matemática, Criatividade e Aprendizagem. A ideia do processo - RICA consiste que o professor apresente um problema de matemática, primordialmente de um conteúdo novo,  e desafie o aluno a tentar resolve-lo de forma intuitiva, partindo-se do pressuposto que aquele exercício seja de um tópico ainda desconhecido do aprendiz  Em seguida, o professor deverá apresentar subsídios necessários para a resolução do problema proposto Posteriormente, o mediador deve propor que o aluno desenvolva um problema do cotidiano por intermédio do conteúdo exposto E, finalmente, o professor delibera se aquele tópico foi importante para o aluno e pergunta se existe intenção de continuar aprendendo o conteúdo. Os objetivos de propiciar aos professores e alunos contato com uma ferramenta educacional para o ensino e aprendizagem de matemática por intermédio do processo – RICA permitem visualizar uma nova possibilidade na abordagem dos conteúdos programáticos, disponibilizando uma aula tipicamente diferente da usual.
The geology and petrology of the Precambrian rocks to the north-east of the fjord Qagssit, Frederikshåb district, South-West Greenland
Authors: Rivalenti G , Rossi A
Published: June 2021

The area consists of migmatitic gneisses (with related pegmatites) containing small inclusions and larger concordant layers of unmigmatised rocks (mainly represented by amphibolites, metasediments and ultramafics), and a few discordant amphibolite dykes. The petrography of the various lithotypes is described and their petrogenesis discussed. The following metamorphic history is proposed: 1) an increase in metamorphic grade to the biotite-almandine-cordierite subfacies of the low hornblende-granuIite facies, shown only by a few relic assemblages, followed by 2) retrogression to within the almandine-amphibolite facies. Migmatisation (quartz dioritisation or granodioritisation) started in the low hornblende-granulite facies and reached its maximum in the upper almandine-amphiboIite facies. A general microcline blastesis and formation of microcline-rich mobilisates is ascribed to the medium to low almandine-amphibolite facies. Further retrogression to epidoteamphiboIite or greenschist facies is only local and weak. Several generations of post-orogenic basic dykes intersect the gneisses. Structurally, five phases of ductile deformation and three phases of brittle deformation are distinguished, and the relationship between deformation and metamorphism tentatively established. The metamorphic and structural events are mostly pre-Ketilidian.
Revision of Triassic stratigraphy of the Scoresby Land and Jameson Land region, East Greenland
Authors: Perch-Nielsen K , Birkenmajer K , Birkelund T , Aellen M
Published: June 2021

A revised stratigraphic scheme is presented for the Triassic rocks between Kong Oscars Fjord and Scoresby Sund, East Greenland. The Triassic succession is described as the Scoresby Land Group comprising four formations. The lower two formations (Wordie Creek Formation and Pingo Dal Formation) belong to the Nordenskiöld Bjerg Subgroup, while the upper two formations (Gipsdalen Formation and Fleming Fjord Formation) belong to the Kap Biot Subgroup. The total thickness of the Triassic sequence attains 1000 to 1500 m of which less than half is composed of marine sediments. The remainder consists of continental deposits and includes red-beds with an important evaporite complex in the middle of the succession.
Sand analysis as a method of estimating bedrock compositions in Greenland. Illustrated by fluvial sands from the Fiskenæsset region
Authors: Kalsbeek F , Ghisler M , Thomsen B
Published: June 2021

Mineralogical and chemical composition, heavy and opaque mineral content and grain size distribution of the sands show that they mainly consist of locally derived material. Glacially transported material has little influence on the composition of the sands. By comparing sands of various grain sizes, it is shown that the sedimentary processes do not appreciably change the composition of the sands, except that biotite is largely winnowed out. Thus, the sands are suitable for a regional study of the composition of the country rocks and for prospecting. Estimates are made of the average mineralogical and chemical composition of the area and the abundance of the different rock types. The amount of hypersthene gives an impression of the metamorphic grade of the rocks, and the average chemical composition of the high-grade rocks in the northern part of the area is the same as that of the lower grade rocks in the southern part.
Carbonates et stromatolites du sommet du Groupe d'Eleonore Bay (Precambrien terminal) au Canning Land (Groenland oriental)
Authors: Bertrand-Sarfati J , Caby R
Published: June 2021

Stromatolites are described from the Upper Eleonore Bay Group in Canning Land, central East Greenland. Comparison with Spitzbergen forms and microstructural analysis suggest a Vendian age. The following new taxa are described: Poludia boreica, P. tyrrellina, Eleonora ramosa and Inzeria groenlandica.
Organic compounds from Cretaceous coals of Nûgssuaq, West Greenland
Authors: Lam J , Pedersen K.R
Published: June 2021

Bituminous coals from the Lower Cretaceous Korne Formation and the Upper Cretaceous Atane Formation of Nûgssuaq have been analyzed for organic compounds. In the Atane Formation n-C12- to n-C31-alkanes, C19- and C20-isoprenoids (pristane and phytane) and possibly C14-, C15-, and C16-isoprenoids are present. n-C9- to n-C28-acids, norphytanic acid and phytanic acid have also been detected. In the Korne Formation n-C14- to n-C27-alkanes, C19- and Czoisoprenoids and possibly C14- and C15-isoprenoids are present. n-C8- to n-C26 -acids, in addition C8- to C20-α, ω-diacids could be detected. The difference between the Korne flora (predominantly gymnosperms and ferns) and the Atane flora (dominated by angiosperms) is not apparent in the organic chemistry. Comparisons are made with extracts from Rhaetic-Liassic coal from the Kap Stewart Formation of East Greenland where only C14- and C16-acids and aromatic acids were detected.
Bøggildite. A new phosphate-fluoride from Ivigtut, South Greenland
Authors: Pauly H
Published: June 2021

A new compound fluoride, phosphate-fluoride, was discovered by R. Bøgvad in 1950 in the boundary rock of the cryolite mass in the quarry in Ivigtut, South Greenland. He published a brief notice of the fact and had managed to give the mineral the name bøggildite in honour of Professor em. O. B. Bøggild, when Bøgvad died in the summer of 1952 in the midst of his work in Ivigtut. The folIowing description is made on the material found by Bøgvad. Further material has not been discovered, and there thus exists only a good 100 grams of the mineral. It is monoclinic, X-ray examinations showing that it is pseudorhombic, belonging to space group No. 14 P2 1/c. It appears in columnar aggregates up to 12 mm long and some millimeters wide; it is salmon-coloured. Bøggildite is colourless under the microscope; α, β, γ are respectively 1.462, 1.466 and 1.469. 2 V lies between 78 and 80°. Axial dispersion can hardly be seen. The composition of the mineral corresponds to the formula Na2Sr2A12(PO4)F9. It may be grouped together with the mineral known from Ivigtut, jarlite.
A new occurrence of a calco-alkaline granite intrusion from the Frederikshaab District, South Greenland
Authors: Bondam J
Published: June 2021

A newly discovered, fluorite-bearing, calco-alkaline granite intrusive from the Frederikshaab District, Southwest Greenland, is described. The granite is closely related to some rapakivi granites, pyterlite and wiborgitc, from the Viipuri area, Finland, as described by Wahl (1925). The relation between this intrusive and other "younger intrusives" is discussed, with respect to the fluorine content of the group of younger intrusives (Wegmann, 1938).
Stratabound scheelite and stratiform tourmalinites in the Archaean Malene supracrustal rocks, southern West Greenland
Authors: Appel P.W.U , Garde A.A
Published: June 2021

The Malene supracrustal rocks form large enclaves in the late Archaean Nûk gneisses within an area of at least 36 000 km2 on the west coast of Greenland and have been repeatedly deformed and metamorphosed under amphibolite facies conditions. Stream sediment sampling has shown that scheelite occurs in the supracrustal enclaves throughout the area. It occurs stratabound in amphibolites, micaceous quartzites, siliceous cordierite-bearing metasediments and tourmalinites. A detailed geological map has been made of the central part of Store Malene mountain close to Nuuk. Banded metavolcanic Malene amphibolites and siliceous cordierite-bearing metasediments contain stratiform tourmalinites, often with appreciable scheelite, in addition to common accessory tourmaline. The tourmaiinites predate the earliest recognisable phase of deformation as well as prominent simple pegmatites. The tourmaline probably originated as primary sea floor precipitates, and the primary or diagenetic tourmaline crystals were later overgrown with tourmaline during metamorphism. The scheelite and tourmaline are probably syngenetic and of submarine exhalative origin, and boron complexes may have played a role in transporting tungsten in hot brines.
Chapter 7: Bitumen occurrences
Authors: Christiansen F.G , Buchardt B , Jensenius J , Jepsen H.F , Nøhr-Hansen H , Thomsen E , Østfeldt P
Published: June 2021

No abstract available.
Chapter 9: Quantitative aspects and economic implications
Authors: Christiansen F.G
Published: June 2021

No abstract available.
Introduction
Authors: Peel J.S , Sønderholm M
Published: June 2021

The advent of aircraft to arctic exploration heralded a new age in North Greenland geology. Exactly 45 years elapsed from the time that Lauge Koch first conducted airborne reconnaissance over eastern North Greenland until the Geological Survey of Greenland (Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse, GGU) launched the major regional geological programme, the North Greenland Project (1978-80, 1984-85), which has provided the bulk of the geological information upon which this present volume is based.
Upper Permian foraminifera from East Greenland
Authors: Pattison J , Stemmerik L
Published: June 2021

Foraminiferal assemblages recorded from limestones of the Upper Permian Wegener Halvø Formation in the Wegener Halvø, Karstryggen and Clavering Ø areas of East Greenland mostly consist of the nodosariid genera Dentalina, Frondina, Geinitzina and Ichtyolaria, and the miliolid genera Agathammina and Calcitornella. More limited assemblages dominated by Agathammina were recorded from the underlying Karstryggen Formation. The foraminifera are all benthonic, mostly shallow-water forms. The fauna is of Zechstein aspect and suggests a broad correlation with Zechstein 1 and younger strata in the Zechstein basin of North-West Europe. Solid specimens of agglutinated foraminifera, mostly referable to Ammobaculites and Ammodiscus, were recorded from the youngest Permian strata, the Schuchert Dai Formation, in the Schuchert Dai.
Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland – an integrated petroleum and ore geological research project
Authors: Stemmerik L , Jensen S.M , Korstgård J , Schønwandt H.K , Surlyk F , Clausen O.R , Fougt H , Kragh K , Langdahl B.R , Therkelsen J
Published: June 2021

This multidisciplinary research project is divided into three parts that all relate to exploration and exploitation of minerals and hydrocarbons in the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland.
Inglefield Land 1995: geological and economic reconnaissance in North-West Greenland
Authors: Thomassen B , Dawes P.R
Published: June 2021

The state wanted to monitor the exploration developments in Inglefield Land, and consequently, the Government of Greenland, Minerals Office agreed to fund a 4 million kr. follow-up project. This project, carried out by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, had the main objectives of explaining the geophysical anomalies and circular structures in the area. Apart from the study of the latter, the field work comprised locating selected anomalies by GPS navigation and relating the sites to the regional geology, as well as ore geological studies and geochemical mapping.
The puzzle of the circular features in Inglefield Land, North-West Greenland
Authors: Appel P.W.U
Published: June 2021

In 1994 The Geological Survey of Greenland (GGU) conducted an airborne geophysical survey of Inglefield Land, North-West Greenland, financed by the Govemment of Greenland, Minerals Office. During photogeological studies in conncetion wilh the survey well over 100 circular structures were identified in a belt stretching from the Inland lce across central Inglefield Land to the coast (Fig. 1; Bengaard, 1995).
Glacial variations in West Greenland in historical time. Part I. Southwest Greenland
Authors: Weidick A
Published: June 2021

The present work is an exposition of a study made of the situation of the ice front in the glaciers of West Greenland, based on the information in the literature, diaries and in picture material. It is also a comparative study of that material for the purpose of forming a picture, fragmentary though it may be, of the ice shrinkage along the margin of the inland ice and at certain isolated glaciers in the various regions investigated.
The Puklen intrusion, Nunarssuit, SW Greenland, a preliminary account of a new Gardar intrusion
Authors: Pulvertaft T.C.R
Published: June 2021

The Puklen Intrusion is a small elongate complex situated in Nunarssuit, SW Greenland. It was emplaced in Ketilidian basement, and cut off and hornfelsed Gardar dolerites. The four component members of the intrusion are augite syenite, quartz syenite, soda granite and granophyre, emplaced in that order. It seems that these components represent a differentiation sequence from augite syenite. This is of interest owing to the widespread occurrence of augite syenite (with fayalite) in the Gardar province of SW. Greenland.
Geological map (scale, 1:50.000) and description of Ella Ø
Authors: Poulsen C , Wienberg Rasmussen H
Published: June 2021

At the request of the directors ol the Geological Survey of Greenland the present map of Ella ø was made in the summer of 1946 as the first of a series giving an explicit representation of the geological structure of Greenland.
On the structure and petrography of the Ipernat Dome, western Greenland
Authors: Lauerma R
Published: June 2021

A well exposed area with a Precambrian gneiss dome was investigated. Photogeological methods were used to a great extent; the aerial photographs are reproduced and a geological map, scale 1:75000, is presented. The folding appears to be rather gentle. For the greatest part the rocks crystallized under the conditions of hornblende-granulite subfacies. Subsequently, a large proportion of them metamorphosed retrogressively. Chemical analyses of three granodioritic and quartz dioritic rocks and one garnet are presented. Refraction indices and unit cell dimensions of three garnets, optical properties of some pyroxenes and triclinicity values of some potash feldspars are given. Twenty determinations of the sodium and potassium content of representative samples indicate that potassium is not concentrated in the gneiss core of the dome.
Textural and field relationships of basement granitic rocks, Qaersuarssuk, South Greenland
Authors: Stuart Watt W
Published: June 2021

Some textural and field relations of a basement granite in South Greenland are described. The main granite has been formed by granitization but locally there has been later mobilization, mobilized granite intruding non-mobilized granite as dykes. A cross-cutting contact of the granite against a strip of meta-sediment is interpreted as a local late reactivation of the granite that has flushed out the contact to give the sharp, cross-cutting relationship and an intermediate zone formed by contamination. The textures described, principally myrmekite, and albitic rims to plagioclase and myrmekite, are interpreted as due to local changes in ionic concentration resulting in albite growing at the expense of microcline and vice versa. An overall potash-metasomatism has led to the formation of the large potash-feldspar porphyroblasts in a granodioritic matrix.
The border relations of the dunite at Siorarssuit, Sukkertoppen District, West Greenland
Authors: Sørensen H
Published: June 2021

The dunite at Siorarssuit is conformably enclosed by granulite facies gneisses from which it is separated by a zone of bronzitite. The latter passes gradually into the dunite while it has a black-wall of phlogopitic mica against the gneiss. A rock consisting of bronzite, plagioc1ase, diopside and mica is occasionally found outside the black-wall. Joints and fractures in the dunite are occupied by rocks resembling those of the border. The bronzititic border is interpreted as a result. of reactions between gneiss and dunite at conditions of P, T corresponding to the granulite facies of regional metamorphism. The chemical changes are discussed, and it is shown that the Mg/Fe ratio of the bronzite decreases when passing from the dunite to the gneiss. The "dykes" in the dunite are regarded as results of similar reactions along the fractures in the ultrabasic mass. The reactions between ultrabasics and surroundings at different conditions of P, T are discussed, and it is emphasized that the zone of bronzitite is a high temperature equivalent of the more familiar zones of chrysotile, actinolite, talc. etc. formed at lower temperatures.
Sorensenite, a new sodium-beryllium-tin-silicate from the Ilímaussaq intrusion, South Greenland
Authors: Semenov E.I , Gerassimovsky V.I , Maksimova N.V , Andersen S , Petersen O.V
Published: June 2021

The new mineral sorensenite (Na4SnBe2Si6O16(OH) 4) occurs in groups of prisms attaining diameters of several centimetres. The mineral is transparent or semitransparent, colourless, brown or pink. The crystals are monoclinic, a0 = 18.58, b0 = 7.45 and C0 = 12.05, β = 98°09'. Space group C62h – I 2/a, C4s - Ia.There are two distinct cleavages. The specific gravity is 2.9, the hardness 5-5.5. The mineral sometimes forms flat pseudohexagonal triplets with the normal to in (100) as twin axes.The mineral is biaxial negative, 2Vα ( = small to 75°, nα ( = 1.576-1.579, nβ = 1.581- 1.585 and nγ = 1.584 - 1.586. The chemical analysis (by M.E. Kazakova):SiO2 49.73, SnO2 20.07, Nb2O5 0.75, Fe2O3 0.04, BeO 8.02, Na2O 15.95, K2O 0.34, H2O 5.24; total 100.14 corresponds to the formula: Na4SnBe2Si6O16(OH)4.The mineral occurs in analcime-rich bodies in nepheline-sodalite-syenites of the llímaussaq massif, South Greenland. It is abundant in a few localities. Sorensenite is named after professor Henning Sørensen, Copenhagen, who directs the investigations in the Ilímaussaq region.
On the history of exploration of the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion, South Greenland
Authors: Sørensen H
Published: June 2021

The history of exploration of the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion is briefly reviewed. Geological and mineralogical investigations were first carried out by K.L. Giesecke in 1806. Later K.J.V. Steenstrup, N.V. Ussing, C.E. Wegmann and a number of others have undertaken studies in and around the intrusion. The intrusion is mainly composed of peralkaline (agpaitic) nepheline syenites and is rich in rare elements and rare minerals. A number of minerals were first discovered in this intrusion, viz. ænigmatite, arfvedsonite, britholite, chalcothallite, epistolite, eudialyte, igdloite (= lueshite), ilimaussite, naujakasite, polylithionite, rinkite, schizolite, sodalite, sorensenite, steenstrupine, tugtupite and ussingite. Renewed geological and mineralogical activity has taken place in Ilímaussaq during the last few years in connection with an examination of the economic geology of the area. A series of publications is in preparation. It was therefore considered to be of some value to present an account of the work until now and to prepare a list of the minerals so far identified and of the papers dealing with the intrusion. The bibliography, together with that prepared by Bøggild (1953), contains the titles of all the papers on the mineralogy, geochemistry and geology of the intrusion known to the writer.
The mineralogy of naujakasite
Authors: Petersen O.V , Semenov E.I , Kazakova M.E , Bukin V.J , Sørensen H , Katajeva Z.T
Published: June 2021

Naujakasite occurs as platy rhomb-shaped, silvery white crystals in the lujavrite at two localities Tuperssuatsiait and Kvanefjeld, in the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion, South Greenland. Occasionally naujakasite constitutes about three quarters of the rock. The crystals are monoclinic with three distinct cleavages; {001} mica-like, {010} and {401} distinct but somewhat irregular. (001): (401) = 93°. The density is 2.262 g/cm3, the hardness 2 1/2-3.Naujakasite is biaxial negative, with 2Vα between 52° and 71°, nα = 1.537, nβ = 1.551-1.549, nγ = 1.556, 2Vaα calculated = 62°-75°. Ʇ 1(001): γ = +45°.X-ray diffraction yields: a0 = 15.039 A, b0 = 7.991 Å, C0 = 10.487 Å and β = 113.67°. Vol. 1154 Å3. Space groups C 2/m, Cm or C2.The formula (Na, K)6 (FeII, Mn, Ca) (Al, FeIII)4 Si8O26 · H2O, Z = 2 is proposed for the naujakasite although there are some differences between observed and theoretical values.
Precambrian organic compounds from the Ketilidian of South-West Greenland. Part III
Authors: Pedersen K.R , Lam J
Published: June 2021

Ketilidian sedimentary rocks nearly 2000 m.y. old and only slightly metamorphosed have been shown to contain fossils and organic compounds. Results of work on organic material from a 1-3 m thick coal-graphite layer from the Foselv Formation in the Sortis Group in Grænseland are presented. Aliphatic (straight chain, branched and cyclic) hydrocarbons are dominant in the extract from two coal-graphite samples weighing about 4 kg and 10 kg respectively. Further investigations of these compounds have revealed many saturated straight-chain hydrocarbons, with the n-C15 alkane, the most abundant among the normal alkanes, ranging from C12 to about C21, and various isoalkanes and anteisoalkanes. Saturated cyclic hydrocarbons like alkyl cyclohexanes, and homologous series of alkyl benzenes and alkyl naphthalenes are also present. A series of monoterpenoid compounds is present. Six of them are fairly well characterized by their mass spectra. Fatty acids and methyl esters of fatty acids are present, notably a homologous series of straight-chain fatty acids. Branched acids are also present in minor amounts. The organic compounds further indicate that this Precambrian coal-graphite layer is the result of biological activity.
The stratigraphy and deformation of the Precambrian rocks of the Grænseland area, South-West Greenland
Authors: Bondesen E
Published: June 2021

The Grænseland area exhibits a middle Precambrian (Ketilidian) succession of unusually well preserved sediments, basic volcanics, and intrusives. A Ketilidian type lithostratigraphy is established and the evolution of the sedimentary basins is reconstructed. The sedimentation began on a weathered gneiss surface with residual gravel and arkoses. An early carbonate sedimentation led to a severe alteration of the gneiss substratum. Varved pelites and a magnetite-conglomerate with chert pebbles transgressed the earlier deposited sediments and the gneiss substratum; orthoquartzites were thereafter deposited in two basin structures. The deposition of dolomitic shales and pelites appears to indicate progressively increasing depth. Large amounts of graded greywackes, interpreted as turbitides, bear witness of unstable tectonic conditions and a subaqueous tallus indicates nearby fault activity. Filled with greywackes the basins appear to have stabilized, and a comparatively uniform euxenic facies of carbonaceous shales and dolomites with preserved organic remnants prevailed independent of the earlier basins in a period of tectonic quiescence. A considerable thickness of pillow lavas then appears to have been extruded under conditions of quiet subsidence during the euxenic conditions shown by the existence of an anthracite-carbonaceous shale layer and the local facies relations on top of the pillow lavas. A new phase of sedimentation appears to have taken place under conditions of tectonic activity and explosive volcanism. The total thickness of the Ketilidian strata in Grænseland is approximately 4400 m. This succession is compared with other areas of Ketilidian deposits in SouthWest Greenland. The Ketilidian deposits were deformed in two periods of folding, accompanied by thrusting and metamorphism under low greenshist facies conditions. The first deformation is a local drag in incompetent horizons and is possibly related to the tilting and twisting of the basement surface. The second deformation is of regional importance but of very different development depending on the material affected and its position in relation to the sedimentary basins and earlier formed structures. Some areas are virtually undeformed. The basement reacted to the deformations by brecciation and faulting. An analysis of lineations in a thrust zone indicates that the initially formed lineations were twisted and bent towards the direction of tectonic transport. A correlation, based on deformation of metadykes, is attempted with other areas of Ketilidian activity and it is suggested that the second deformation occurred close to 1635 m.y. and corresponds thus to the Sanerutian plutonic episode. The Ketilidian (1800 m.y.? -1500 m.y.) is envisaged as an orogenic cycle of deposition, folding and metamorphism beginning at and ending with major uncomformities. The basement gneisses are shown to contain evidence for two older (pre-Ketilidian) orogenic cycles.
On the mineralogy and paragenesis of tugtupite Na8Al2Be2Si8O24(Cl,S)2 from the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion, South Greenland
Authors: Sørensen H , Danø M , Petersen O.V , Povarennykh A.S , Platonov A.N , Tarashchan A.N , Belichenko V.P
Published: June 2021

Tugtupite, Na8Al2Be2Si8O24(Cl,S) 2, is colourless to red, tetragonal, pseudocubic and forms triplet twins on {101}. c: a = 1.0269 ± 0.0003, d = 2.33 g/cm3, nε = 1.499 ± 0.001, nα = 1.495 ± 0.001. a0 = 8.637-8.643, c0 = 8.867 - 8.870, V0 = 662 Å3. The description of the crystal structure is taken from Danø (1966). The mineral occurs in hydrothermal veins in the Ilímaussaq alkaline intrusion, South Greenland, and in the Lovozero alkaline intrusion, Kola Peninsula (beryllosodalite). A number of occurrences of tugtupite in Ilimaussaq are described. Tugtupite is most commonly associated with albite, analcime and Li-mica and is generally secondary after chkalovite. The paragenesis and origin of the mineral and a number of associated beryllium silicates are discussed.
Coryphoid palm fruits and seeds from the Danian of Nûgssuaq, West Greenland
Authors: Koch B.E
Published: June 2021

Two species of coryphoid palm fruits are described, Coryphoides poulseni n. gen. et n.sp. and Coryphoicarpus globoides n.gen. et n.sp. The former has been found in the Upper Danian (formerly Lower Paleocene) of Qaersutjægerdal in central Nûgssuaq, the latter in the Lower Danian of the valley of Tunorssuaq, Nûgssuaq. The chief criteria for the determination of these fossil species as coryphoid palms are: 1) the big bulbous ingrowth from the functional pericarp of the placental region into the seed along the axis of the fruit (here called the columella), 2) the seed consisting mainly of a large cup-shaped endosperm, surrounding the columella, and 3) the small, saccate embryo inserted from the surface of the seed into the endosperm. Coryphoides poulseni n. gen. et n.sp. is distinguished by the position of the embryo, the existence of a 'chalaza valve' and the characteristics of the columella, including the shape of the placental scar. Coryphoicarpus globiodes n. gen. et n.sp. shows the same basic structure as Coryphoides poulseni n.gen. et n.sp. but differs from the latter in size and shape of the placental scar, shape of columella, course of the funiculus, position of chalaza, shape of 'the chalaza valve' and the position of the embryo. The determinations are based upon a comparative study of a number of recent coryphoid palms and of Palmospermum excavatum Reid & Chandler.
Geochemical and sedimentological investigations of the Rosenholm Depression
Authors: Villumsen Arne
Published: June 2021

The Rosenholm depression is investigated as an example of the development of the conditions of sedimentation for the Late- and Postglacial freshwater deposits in the area between Aarhus and Randers. The sequence, which in places is 12 metres thick, includes creeping soil, meltwater sand, outwash clay, Allerød-gyttja, -mould, and -peat, outwash clay and Postglacial gyttja and peat.The surface of the meltwater sand was mapped by borings; the bottom topography seems to support the assumption that the depression has had a subglacial past (tunnel valley).The Allerød-oscillation can be separated into three different facies: The NW-part has euxinic gyttja, and the SE-end has Allerød-mould and -peat.In the succeeding Postglacial lake-phase gyttja was deposited in the NW-part, while the bottom sediment in the SE-stern end (separated from the rest of the depression by a sand barrier) was composed of dy and tyrfopel. After this the basin continued to be divided into two parts until peat covered the whole area.Measurements of acidity (pH) and redoxpotential (Eh) indicate that the whole series of layers are undergoing decomposition at the present time.