bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Acrylamide Levels by Advanced Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Imprinted Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor Technology and Sensory Quality in Homemade Fried Potatoes
Authors: Karslıoğlu Betül , Bankoğlu Yola Bahar , Polat İlknur , Alkan Harun Yiğit , Yola Mehmet Lütfi
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated acrylamide (AA) levels and various quality parameters in homemade fried potatoes prepared in different sizes by integrating principles from the Slow Food Movement with advanced sensor technology. To this aim, a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was first developed for the determination of AA in homemade fried potatoes at low levels, and the AA levels in the samples were established. First of all, monolayer formation of allyl mercaptane on the SPR chip surface was carried out to form double bonds that could polymerize on the chip surface. AA-imprinted SPR chip surfaces modified with allyl mercaptane were prepared via UV polymerization using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker, N,N′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator, and methacryloylamidoglutamicacid (MAGA) as a monomer. The prepared AA-imprinted and nonimprinted surfaces were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy methods. The SPR sensor indicated linearity in the range of 1.0 × 10−9–5.0 × 10−8 M with a detection limit (LOD) of 3.0 × 10−10 M in homemade fried potatoes, and the SPR sensor demonstrated high selectivity and repeatability in terms of AA detection. Additionally, the highest AA level was observed in the potato sample belonging to the T1 group, at 15.37 nM (p < 0.05), and a strong and positive correlation was found between AA levels and sensory parameters, the a* value, the ΔE value, and the browning index (BI) (p < 0.05).
Heterogating Gel Iontronics: A Revolution in Biointerfaces and Ion Signal Transmission
Authors: Wu Zhixin , Zhao Ziguang
Published: September 2024

Currently, existing iontronic systems are limited and struggle to process electronic-to-multi-ionic transport, resulting in interchange inefficiencies and incompatibilities between artificial ion devices and biological tissue interfaces. The development of heterogating gel iontronics offers a significant advancement in bridging this gap, drawing inspiration from the complex ionic transmission mechanisms found in biological synapses within neural networks. These heterogating gels utilize a biphasic architecture, where the heterointerface effect constructs ionic transfer energy barriers, enabling distinct signal transmission among different ions. In systems with multiple ion species, heterogating gel iontronics allow for precise control of ion transmission, realizing hierarchical and selective cross-stage signal transmission as a neuromorphic function. This perspective highlights the vast potential of heterogating iontronics in applications such as biosensing, neuroprosthetics, and ion separation technologies. Meanwhile, it also addresses the current challenges, including scaling production, ensuring biocompatibility, and integrating with existing technologies, which are crucial for future development. The advancement of heterogating gels is expected to promote the integration between abiotic and biotic systems, with broad implications for smart sensors, bioneural devices, and beyond.
Destigmatizing Palliative Care among Young Adults—A Theoretical Intervention Mapping Approach
Authors: Batzler Yann-Nicolas , Schallenburger Manuela , Schwartz Jacqueline , Marazia Chantal , Neukirchen Martin
Published: September 2024

Background: In medicine, stigmatization pertains to both afflicted individuals and diseases themselves but can also encompass entire medical fields. In regard to demographic change and the rising prevalence of oncological diseases, palliative care will become increasingly important. However, palliative care faces multiple stigmas. These include equating of palliative care with death and dying. A timely integration of palliative care would have the potential to alleviate symptom burden, diminish the risk of overtreatment, and thus save healthcare-related costs. Several interventions have been developed to destigmatize palliative care. However, they have mainly focused on the general public. Aim: The aim of this work is to develop a theoretical framework for an interventional campaign targeted at young adults to systematically destigmatize palliative care. Methods: The basis for the development of the campaign is a systematic review conducted by our working group that assessed the perception and knowledge of palliative care of young adults aged 18 to 24 years. To design a possible intervention, the Intervention Mapping approach was used. Results: The target group of young adults can be effectively reached in secondary schools, vocational schools, and universities. The target population should be able to discuss the content of palliative care and openly talk about death and dying. At the environmental level, palliative care should be more present in public spaces, and death and dying should be freed from taboos. Within an intervention with palliative care experts and patients serving as interventionists, these changes can be achieved by incorporating evidence-based methods of behavioral change. Conclusions: An early engagement with palliative care could contribute to the long-term reduction of stigmas and address the demographic shift effectively. A multimodal intervention approach comprising knowledge dissemination, exchange, and media presence provides an appropriate framework to counter the existing stigmatization of palliative care within the peer group of young adults.
Addition of Bempedoic Acid to Statin–Ezetimibe versus Statin Titration in Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk: A Single-Centre Prospective Study
Authors: Marazzi Giuseppe , Caminiti Giuseppe , Perrone Marco , Campolongo Giuseppe , Cacciotti Luca , Giamundo Domenico , Iellamo Ferdinando , Severino Paolo , Volterrani Maurizio , Rosano Giuseppe
Published: September 2024

Reducing levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) below recommended thresholds is a core component of cardiovascular prevention strategies. We hypothesized that the addition of bempedoic acid to patients already on statin–ezetimibe therapy was more effective than titrating the statin dose in reducing LDL-C. The study enrolled 120 patients at high cardiovascular risk and with LDL-C above 70 mg/dL. They were randomly divided into two groups: the bempedoic acid (BA) group, taking bempedoic acid in addition to statin plus ezitimibe, and the statin titration (ST) group, including patients who doubled the dose of statin. At 12 weeks, the BA group presented a more significant decrease in LDL-C compared to the ST group (−22.9% vs. 7.5% p 0.002). The total cholesterol decreased significantly in the BA group compared to ST (−14.8% vs.−4.7%; p 0.013) No significant between-group changes in HDL and triglycerides occurred. At 12 weeks, the number of patients who reached LDL-C lower than 70 mg/dL was 38 (63%) in the BA group versus 22 (37%) in the ST group (between groups, p 0.034). In the BA group, the LDL-lowering effect of bempedoic acid was similar between patients taking atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. No side effects occurred during the follow up period. In conclusion, the addition of bempedoic acid to statin–ezetimibe combined treatment was more effective than doubling the dose of statin in reducing LDL-C levels and increased the number of patients reaching the LDL-C goal.
An Overview of Dr. Keith Thompson’s Contributions to Science Programs and High-Quality Training in Marine Prediction and Environmental Statistics
Authors: Ritchie Hal , Sheng Jinyu , Bernier Natacha , Lu Youyu , Dowd Michael
Published: September 2024

Dr. Keith Thompson was a highly influential scientist in marine prediction and environmental statistics in Canada and abroad. He was also exceptionally successful for providing high-quality mentorship to graduate students and early-career scientists. In this article, we provide an overview of Dr. Thompson’s career contributions to marine science programs and training for graduate students and other highly qualified personnel.
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) Motion Design: Integrated Path Planning and Trajectory Tracking Based on Model Predictive Control (MPC)
Authors: Deng Si-Yi , Hao Li-Ying , Shen Chao
Published: September 2024

This paper attempts to develop a unified model predictive control (MPC) method for integrated path planning and trajectory tracking of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). To deal with the computational burden of online path planning, an event-triggered model predictive control (EMPC) method is introduced by using the environmental change as a triggering mechanism. A collision hazard function utilizing the changing rate of hazard as a triggering threshold is proposed to guarantee safety. We further give an illustration of how to calculate this threshold. Then, a Lyapunov-based model predictive control (LMPC) framework is developed for the AUV to solve the trajectory tracking problem. Leveraging a nonlinear integral sliding mode control strategy, we construct the contraction constraint within the formulated LMPC framework, thereby theoretically ensuring closed-loop stability. We derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for recursive feasibility, which are subsequently used to prove the closed-loop stability of the system. In the simulations, the proposed path planning and tracking control are verified separately and integrated and combined with static and dynamic obstacles.
Central Nervous System Fungal Diseases in Children with Malignancies: A 16-Year Study from the Infection Working Group of the Hellenic Society of Pediatric Hematology Oncology
Authors: Petrikkos Loizos , Kourti Maria , Antoniadi Kondylia , Tziola Tatiana-Sultana , Sfetsiori Angeliki-Eleni , Antari Vasiliki , Savoukidou Sofia , Avgerinou Georgia , Filippidou Maria , Papakonstantinou Eugenia , Polychronopoulou Sophia , Hatzipantelis Emmanuel , Doganis Dimitrios , Kattamis Antonios , Papadakis Vassilios , Roilides Emmanuel , Tragiannidis Athanasios
Published: September 2024

We analyzed data on pediatric invasive fungal diseases of the central nervous system (CNS-IFDs) reported by five of a total of eight Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Departments in Greece for 16 years (2007–2022). A total of twelve patients (11 boys, median age: 9.5 years, range: 2–16) were reported suffering from CNS-IFDs. The underlying malignancy was acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 9/12 and acute myeloid leukemia, Ewing sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma in one each. Eleven patients presented with CNS-related symptoms (i.e., seizures, headache, cerebral palsy, ataxia, hallucination, seizures, blurred vision, amaurosis). All patients had pathological MRI findings. Multifocal fungal disease was observed in 6/12 patients. Nine proven and three probable CNS-IFD cases were diagnosed. Causative pathogens in proven cases were Aspergillus spp. and Candida albicans (n = 2 each), Mucor spp., Rhizopus arrhizus, Absidia spp., Fusarium oxysporum and Cryptococcus neoformans (n = 1 each). Causative pathogens in probable cases were Aspergillus spp. (n = 2) and Candida spp. (n = 1). All patients received appropriate antifungal therapy (median duration: 69.5 days, range 19–364). Two patients underwent additional surgical treatment. Six patients were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit due to complications. Three patients (25%) died, two due to IFD and one due to an underlying disease. Early recognition and prompt intervention of CNS-IFDs may rescue the patients and improve overall survival.
Pedestrian Dynamic Thermal Comfort Analysis to Optimize Using Trees in Various Urban Morphologies: A Case Study of Cairo City
Authors: Abdelmejeed Ahmed Yasser , Gruehn Dietwald
Published: September 2024

Considering the impacts of climate change on the goal of obtaining sustainable and healthier cities, this research aimed to analyze and assess the impact of different urban forms with different trees densities on the dynamic physiological equivalent temperature (DPET) for pedestrians while walking further than the average walking distance (750 m) using ENVI-met. This study included five different areas within Greater Cairo, which is suffering from extreme heat stress. The selected study areas had lots of urban variety in terms of the canyons’ aspect ratios, orientations, urban form, green areas, mixed uses, and tree densities. Two tree scenarios were analyzed: the current tree density situation and a scenario where the tree density of each study area was increased to its capacity. The results proved that the DPET had different values than the steady physiological equivalent temperature (SPET) at each point within the walking routes. However, the DPET was closely related to changes in the SPET. Keeping the SPET lower or higher for a long time reduced or increased the DPET, and frequent changes (up and down) in the SPET kept the DPET stable. Changes between DPET values were driven more by the microclimate conditions of a space or canyon than the conditions of the overall area, and controlling the microclimate conditions of a whole urban canyon controlled the DPET. Changes in the DPET could reach as high as 10 °C between different walking routes, and increasing the tree density could help lower the DPET by as much as 6 °C in some cases.
The Impact of Farm Structure on Agricultural Growth in China
Authors: Wang Mingsheng , Zhang Xiao , Guo Zhongxing
Published: September 2024

Farm structure has changed significantly since the land transfer policy was introduced in China. The quantity of and land area utilized by scale farmers and new agricultural entities are increasing, while the numbers of smallholders are decreasing. To analyze the impact of farm structure on agricultural growth in China, this study used provincial-level panel data from 2010 to 2021 and a fixed-effects model for empirical testing. The results show that (1) the structural change among farmers has a positive effect on agricultural growth, accounting for 16% of the contribution; (2) compared with scale farmers, new agricultural entities (NAEs) play a stronger role in improving agricultural growth, which is approximately five times higher than that of the former; and (3) unlike scale farmers, who only promote agricultural growth in central and major grain-producing areas, new agricultural entities have a positive effect on the entire area. Therefore, this study emphasizes the role of human capital in agricultural growth, especially in terms of promoting new agricultural entities, supporting land transfer, and optimizing farm structure.
Do Regional Integration Policies Promote Integrated Urban–Rural Development? Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta Region, China
Authors: Zhang Jiaqing , Chen Ziyan , Hu Biqiao , Zhu Daolin
Published: September 2024

Regional integration policies play a crucial role in promoting coordinated regional development. However, it remains unclear whether the polices simultaneously take into account urban–rural integration to achieve a dynamic balance between efficiency and equity. Based on socioeconomic data from 250 cities in China between 2003 and 2019, we used a staggered difference-in-difference method to investigate the impact of the strategy for the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta (YD integrated development) on integrated urban–rural development. Our results indicate that the YD integrated development effectively promotes integrated urban–rural development and this conclusion holds after conducting various robustness tests and heterogeneity analyses. Additionally, the YD integrated development can facilitate integrated urban–rural development through the following three main pathways: promoting economic growth, improving road transport links, and advancing technological progress. This paper offers new insights for advancing integrated urban–rural development. The next step could involve the further exploration of the connections between external regional integration policies and internal rural reforms, which will contribute to expediting the establishment of an integrated urban–rural pattern.
They Do Not Eat a Wife’s Beauty: The Ethnopragmatics of Bette Proverbial Personal Names
Authors: Aboh Romanus , Ajimase Angela , Inyabri Idom T.
Published: September 2024

Names and naming practices convey various nuances of meaning in the Bette sociocultural setting. Against this significant backdrop, this study examines proverbial names as figurative and overt communicative strategies among the Bette people of northern Cross River State in south-eastern Nigeria. The qualitative data were elicited through semi-structured interviews and informal interactions from purposively selected twenty name-givers and ten name-bearers of Bette proverbial names. Data were analysed using the ethnopragmatic theory, an approach to language study that sees culture as playing a central explanatory role in meaning-making. Besides functioning as discursive strategies through which people’s worldview is embedded, proverbial names serve as sociocultural sites through which interpersonal relationships are performatively constructed and maintained. This study enriches our understanding of how the Bette people use proverbial names as tools of social control to perform gender, strengthen communal bonds, enhance peaceful coexistence, and enact Indigenous worldview among themselves.
A Generalized Method for Deriving Steady-State Behavior of Consistent Fuzzy Priority for Interdependent Criteria
Authors: Huang Jih-Jeng , Chen Chin-Yi
Published: September 2024

Interdependent criteria play a crucial role in complex decision-making across various domains. Traditional methods often struggle to evaluate and prioritize criteria with intricate dependencies. This paper introduces a generalized method integrating the analytic network process (ANP), the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), and the consistent fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (CFAHP) in a fuzzy environment. The Drazin inverse technique is applied to derive a fuzzy total priority matrix, and we normalize the row sum to achieve the steady-state fuzzy priorities. A numerical example in the information systems (IS) industry demonstrates the approach’s real-world applications. The proposed method derives narrower fuzzy spreads compared to the past fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) approaches, minimizing objective uncertainty. Total priority interdependent maps provide insights into complex technical and usability criteria relationships. Comparative analysis highlights innovations, including non-iterative convergence of the total priority matrix and the ability to understand interdependencies between criteria. The integration of the FANP’s network structure with the fuzzy DEMATEL’s influence analysis transcends the capabilities of either method in isolation, marking a significant methodological advancement. By addressing challenges such as parameter selection and mathematical complexity, this research offers new perspectives for future research and application in multi-attribute decision-making (MADM).
On the Containment of the Unit Disc Image by Analytical Functions in the Lemniscate and Nephroid Domains
Authors: Mondal Saiful R.
Published: September 2024

Suppose that A1 is a class of analytic functions f:D={z∈C:|z|<1}→C with normalization f(0)=1. Consider two functions Pl(z)=1+z and ΦNe(z)=1+z−z3/3, which map the boundary of D to a cusp of lemniscate and to a twi-cusped kidney-shaped nephroid curve in the right half plane, respectively. In this article, we aim to construct functions f∈A0 for which (i) f(D)⊂Pl(D)∩ΦNe(D) (ii) f(D)⊂Pl(D), but f(D)⊄ΦNe(D) (iii) f(D)⊂ΦNe(D), but f(D)⊄Pl(D). We validate the results graphically and analytically. To prove the results analytically, we use the concept of subordination. In this process, we establish the connection lemniscate (and nephroid) domain and functions, including gα(z):=1+αz2, |α|≤1, the polynomial gα,β(z):=1+αz+βz3, α,β∈R, as well as Lerch’s transcendent function, Incomplete gamma function, Bessel and Modified Bessel functions, and confluent and generalized hypergeometric functions.
Some Bifurcations of Codimensions 1 and 2 in a Discrete Predator–Prey Model with Non-Linear Harvesting
Authors: Liu Ming , Ma Linyi , Hu Dongpo
Published: September 2024

This paper delves into the dynamics of a discrete-time predator–prey system. Initially, it presents the existence and stability conditions of the fixed points. Subsequently, by employing the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory, the conditions for the occurrence of four types of codimension 1 bifurcations (transcritical bifurcation, fold bifurcation, flip bifurcation, and Neimark–Sacker bifurcation) are examined. Then, through several variable substitutions and the introduction of new parameters, the conditions for the existence of codimension 2 bifurcations (fold–flip bifurcation, 1:2 and 1:4 strong resonances) are derived. Finally, some numerical analyses of two-parameter planes are provided. The two-parameter plane plots showcase interesting dynamical behaviors of the discrete system as the integral step size and other parameters vary. These results unveil much richer dynamics of the discrete-time model in comparison to the continuous model.
Should Multinational Suppliers Relocate Their Production Capacity to Preferential Tariff Regions with Unreliable Supply under the Impact of Tariffs?
Authors: Zou Zongbao , Liang Yuxin , Chen Lihao
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the impact of tariff escalation on multinational suppliers relocating their production capacity to tariff-preferential regions with unreliable supply caused by low-production technology. We build a game theory model to analyze this issue based on three decisions for supplier-capacity relocation: no relocation, partial relocation, and full relocation. Our analysis finds that when tariffs are low or the production technology of the base in a preferential tariff region is not advanced, the supplier tends to adopt a partial-relocation strategy, but this strategy may be hindered by a manufacturer’s order-allocation decision, leading to a no-relocation strategy as the supply chain’s equilibrium. This may result in greater losses for the supplier. When tariffs are high or the production technology of the base in the preferential tariff region is advanced, the equilibrium strategy for the supply chain shifts to a full-relocation strategy. Interestingly, in the partial-relocation strategy, the higher production technology in the preferential tariff region negatively impacts the manufacturer’s expected profits but benefits the supplier’s expected profits due to the increased double marginalization. Finally, we find that the supplier can reduce the impact of tariffs by relocating their production capacity, especially with the partial-relocation strategy, as the supplier is always motivated to improve the production technology of the base in the preferential tariff region, with a potential purpose of transferring tariff costs to the manufacturer and consumers.
C-Semigroups and Their Induced Order
Authors: Marín-Aragón Daniel , Tapia-Ramos Raquel
Published: September 2024

Let C⊂Np be an integer polyhedral cone. An affine semigroup S⊂C is a C-semigroup if |C∖S|<+∞. This structure has always been studied using a monomial order. The main issue is that the choice of these orders is arbitrary. In the present work, we choose the order given by the semigroup itself, which is a more natural order. This allows us to generalise some of the definitions and results known from numerical semigroup theory to C-semigroups.
A Breast Tumor Monitoring Vest with Flexible UWB Antennas—A Proof-of-Concept Study Using Realistic Breast Phantoms
Authors: Dessai Rakshita , Singh Daljeet , Sonkki Marko , Reponen Jarmo , Myllylä Teemu , Myllymäki Sami , Särestöniemi Mariella
Published: September 2024

Breast cancers can appear and progress rapidly, necessitating more frequent monitoring outside of hospital settings to significantly reduce mortality rates. Recently, there has been considerable interest in developing techniques for portable, user-friendly, and low-cost breast tumor monitoring applications, enabling frequent and cost-efficient examinations. Microwave technique-based breast cancer detection, which is based on differential dielectric properties of malignant and healthy tissues, is regarded as a promising solution for cost-effective breast tumor monitoring. This paper presents the development process of the first proof-of-concept of a breast tumor monitoring vest which is based on the microwave technique. Two unique vests are designed and evaluated on realistic 3D human tissue phantoms having different breast density types. Additionally, the measured results are verified using simulations carried out on anatomically realistic voxel models of the electromagnetic simulations. The radio channel characteristics are evaluated and analyzed between the antennas embedded in the vest in tumor cases and reference cases. Both measurements and simulation results show that the proposed vest can detect tumors even if only 1 cm in diameter. Additionally, simulation results show detectability with 0.5 cm tumors. It is observed that the detectability of breast tumors depends on the frequency, antenna selection, size of the tumors, and breast types, causing differences of 0.5–30 dB in channel responses between the tumorous and reference cases. Due to simplicity and cost-efficiency, the proposed channel analysis-based breast monitoring vests can be used for breast health checks in smaller healthcare centers and for user-friendly home monitoring which can prove beneficial in rural areas and developing countries.
The Isolation and Characterization of Novel Caulobacter and Non-Caulobacter Lysogenic Bacteria from Soil and the Discovery of Broad-Host-Range Phages Infecting Multiple Genera
Authors: Mohammadi Tannaz , Ely Bert
Published: September 2024

To explore how microbial interactions within the rhizosphere influence the diversity and functional roles of bacterial communities, we isolated 21 bacterial strains from soil samples collected near Rocky Branch Creek on the University of South Carolina campus. Our findings revealed that a significant proportion of the isolated bacterial strains are lysogenic. Contrary to predictions of a narrow host range, most of the bacteriophages derived from these lysogenic bacteria demonstrated the ability to infect a broad range of bacterial strains. These results suggest that the bacterial community shares a complex phage community, creating an intricate web of interactions. This study enhances our understanding of the relationships between phages and their bacterial hosts in soil ecosystems, with implications for ecological balance and agricultural practices aimed at improving plant health through microbial management strategies.
Recycled Jute Non-Woven Material Coated with Polyaniline/TiO2 Nanocomposite for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water
Authors: Kovačević Aleksandar , Radoičić Marija , Marković Darka , Šaponjić Zoran , Radetić Maja
Published: September 2024

Growing volumes of textile waste and heavy metal pollution of water are emerging environmental challenges. In an attempt to tackle these issues, a non-woven sorbent based on jute fibers was fabricated by recycling the textile waste from the carpet industry. The influence of contact time, concentration, pH and temperature on the sorption of lead and copper ions from aqueous solutions was studied. In order to enhance the sorption capacity of the non-woven material, in situ synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) in the presence of TiO2 nanostructures was performed. The contribution of TiO2 nanoparticles and TiO2 nanotubes to the uniformity of PANI coating and overall sorption behavior was compared. Electrokinetic measurements indicated increased swelling of modified fibers. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy revealed the formation of the emeraldine base form of PANI. FESEM confirmed the creation of the uniform nanocomposite coating over jute fibers. The modification with PANI/TiO2 nanocomposite resulted in a more than 3-fold greater sorption capacity of the material for lead ions, and a 2-fold greater absorption capacity for copper ions independently of applied TiO2 nanostructure. The participation of both TiO2 nanostructures in PANI synthesis resulted in excellent cover of jute fibers, but the form of TiO2 had a negligible effect on metal ion uptake.
Thermodynamic Study on Biomimetic Legionella gormanii Bacterial Membranes
Authors: Pastuszak Katarzyna , Palusińska-Szysz Marta , Wiącek Agnieszka Ewa , Jurak Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

The presented studies were aimed at determining the interactions in model membranes (Langmuir monolayers) created of phospholipids (PL) isolated from Legionella gormanii bacteria cultured with (PL + choline) or without (PL − choline) choline and to describe the impact of an antimicrobial peptide, human cathelicidin LL-37, on PL’s monolayer behavior. The addition of choline to the growth medium influenced the mutual proportions of phospholipids extracted from L. gormanii. Four classes of phospholipids—phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), cardiolipin (CL), and their mixtures—were used to register compression isotherms with or without the LL-37 peptide in the subphase. Based on them the excess area (Ae), excess (ΔGe), and total (ΔGm) Gibbs energy of mixing were determined. The thermodynamic analyses revealed that the PL − choline monolayer showed greater repulsive forces between molecules in comparison to the ideal system, while the PL + choline monolayer was characterized by greater attraction. The LL-37 peptide affected the strength of interactions between phospholipids’ molecules and reduced the monolayers stability. Accordingly, the changes in interactions in the model membranes allowed us to determine the difference in their susceptibility to the LL-37 peptide depending on the choline supplementation of bacterial culture.
Dissipative Particle Dynamics of Nano-Alumina Agglomeration in UV-Curable Inks
Authors: Li Chunlai , Guo Liang , Zheng Weihan
Published: September 2024

Ultraviolet (UV) ink is a primary type of ink used in additive manufacturing with 3D inkjet printing. However, ink aggregation presents a challenge in nano-inkjet printing, affecting the stability and quality of the printing fluid and potentially leading to the clogging of nanometer-sized nozzles. This paper utilizes a Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulation to investigate the aggregation behavior of alumina in a blend of 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). By analyzing the effects of solid content, polymer component ratios, and dispersant concentration on alumina aggregation, the optimal ink formulation was identified. Compared to traditional experimental methods, DPD simulations not only reduce experimental costs and time but also reveal particle aggregation mechanisms that are difficult to explore through experimental methods, providing a crucial theoretical basis for optimizing ink formulations. This study demonstrates that alumina ceramic ink achieves optimal performance with a solid content of 20%, an HDDA-to-TMPTA ratio of 4:1, and 9% oleic acid as a dispersant.
Analysis of the Impact of Multiple Explosion Source Layouts on the Kinetic Characteristics of Gas Explosions in Blind Roadways
Authors: Wang Weijian , Ye Qing , Jia Zhenzhen
Published: September 2024

To investigate the changes in conditions within a blind roadway when multiple gas explosion sources are simultaneously detonated, the fluid dynamics software Fluent14.0 was used to conduct numerical simulation experiments with different numbers (2 and 3) and varying intervals (5 m, 10 m, and 15 m) of explosion sources. The results revealed that multiple explosion sources in gas explosions generate shock waves that propagate in opposite directions, creating pressure overlap zones within the roadway. The pressure waves and shock waves in these overlap zones continuously couple within the roadway. The number of overlap zones decreases incrementally with each encounter of opposing shock waves in the roadway. Unlike single explosion source models, the pressure at various positions within the roadway in multiple explosion source models oscillates due to the coupling of multiple shock waves, with significant peak pressures occurring at the closed end of the roadway and in the pressure overlap zones. Additionally, the propagation patterns of shock waves and flames within the roadway are not associated with the interval distance between explosion sources, whereas the encounter time, speed, and pressure of shock waves increase with the interval distance.
Design Optimization and Experimentation of Triple-Head Gradually Reducing Spiral Precision Fertilizer Apparatus
Authors: Dun Guoqiang , Sheng Quanbao , Sun Haitian , Ji Xinxin , Yu Zhenzhen , Wang Hongxuan , Wu Xingpeng , Wei Yuhan , Zhang Chaoxia , Gao Shang , Li Hailiang
Published: September 2024

In order to solve the problems of existing spiral fertilizer apparatuses, such as the variation in cavity filling rate with rotational speed, fluctuation of fertilizer discharge flow, and inability to discharge fertilizer precisely, a triple-head gradually reducing spiral fertilizer apparatus is designed, which gradually compresses fertilizer particles through the triple-head reducing fertilizer spiral structure to achieve complete cavity filling and uniform fertilizer discharge. The main factors that affect the particle motion state and the structural size of the spiral fertilizer through theoretical analysis are determined, and its theoretical fertilizer discharge amount and rotational speed are calculated. Using EDEM (Discrete Element Method Software 2022) to establish a simulation model of a single-head gradually reducing fertilizer apparatus, the spiral lead reduction percentage x1, spiral diameter reduction percentage x2, and rotational speed x3 are determined as experimental factors, and the filling rate μ and spiral torque Yaverage are used as experimental indicators to conduct a simulation study on the secondary universal rotation combination design experiment. The results show that when the rotational speed is 95 r/min, the spiral lead reduction percentage is 60.00~73.21%, the spiral diameter reduction percentage is 86.55~97.05%, the filling rate μ is greater than 95%, and the spiral torque Yaverage is less than 16 N·m. In order to further improve the uniformity of fertilizer discharge and ensure the controllable accuracy of fertilizer discharge, comparative verification experiments are conducted on single-, double-, and triple-head gradually reducing spiral fertilizer discharge devices and ordinary spiral fertilizer discharge devices. The results show that the precision of the gradually reducing spiral fertilizer apparatus is better than that of the ordinary spiral fertilizer apparatus. Moreover, it is determined that the three-head style performed best. The triple-head gradually reducing spiral fertilizer apparatus is also validated by randomly adjusting six rotational speeds. The experiment results show that the average deviation of the fertilizer discharge flow rate of the fertilizer apparatus from the preset value is 3.16%. The two have a minor deviation, and the fertilizer precision is high. Precise control of the amount of fertilizer discharged can be achieved by adjusting the rotational speed, and the research can provide a specific reference for the improved design and precise control of the spiral fertilizer apparatus.
Optimization of Recovery of Nutrients from Pig Manure Slurry through Combined Microbial Fuel Cell and Microalgae Treatment
Authors: Hernández-Fernández Adrián , Iniesta-López Eduardo , Hernández Baños Ana Isabel , Garrido Yolanda , Sánchez Zurano Ana , Hernández-Fernández Francisco J. , De los Ríos Antonia Pérez
Published: September 2024

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microalgae–bacteria consortia represent two renewable and promising technologies of growing interest that enable wastewater treatment while obtaining high-value-added products. This study integrates MFCs and microalgae production systems to treat animal slurry, aiming to remove and recover organic and inorganic components while generating energy and producing biomass. The MFCs effectively eliminated Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), organic nitrogen, and a portion of the suspended solids, achieving a maximum voltage of 195 mV and a power density of 87.03 mW·m−2. After pre-treatment with MFCs, the slurry was diluted to concentrations of 10%, 50%, and 100% and treated with microalgae–bacteria consortia. The results showed a biomass production of 0.51 g·L−1 and a productivity of 0.04 g·L−1·day−1 in the culture fed with 10% slurry, with significant removal efficiencies: 40.71% for COD, 97.76% for N-NH4+, 39.66% for N-NO2−, 47.37% for N-NO3−, and 94.37% for P-PO4−3. The combination of both technologies allowed for obtaining a properly purified slurry and the recovery of nutrients in the form of bioelectricity and high-value biomass. Increasing the concentration of animal slurry to be treated is essential to optimize and scale both technologies.
Land Suitability Analysis for Green Ammonia Unit Implementation in Morocco Using the Geographical Information System–Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach
Authors: Dahani Abir , Benqlilou Chouaib , Holz Markus , Scott Cornelia
Published: September 2024

Morocco contains one of the greatest phosphate deposits and is the second-largest international phosphate fertilizer producer. However, it heavily relies on imported grey ammonia. To reduce this dependency, a paradigm shift is required toward local green ammonia production to strengthen the fertilizer industry. The purpose of the study is to identify the most promising locations in Morocco for hosting a green ammonia unit through a land suitability analysis. This was carried out using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) and geographical information systems (GIS). Eight relevant criteria were considered, based on carefully studying the relevant literature and consultation with renewable energy experts and professionals. The land suitability analysis revealed high suitability locations and five sites were selected from the regions of Dakhla, Laayoune, Boujdour, and Tarfaya. These locations were introduced to Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables (HOMER) software 3.16.2 for simulation. The simulation findings showed that the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) ranges from 1.67 USD/kg to 1.82 USD/kg, with the lowest LCOH at Dakhla. The corresponding levelized cost of ammonia (LCOA) ranges from 646 USD/t to 687 USD/t. Dakhla was identified as the location with the lowest LCOA, accounting for 646 USD/t. The outcomes showed a similar trend compared to other studies (Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Iran). Considering improvements in the electrolyzer’s efficiency and cost, a technical and financial sensitivity analysis was conducted, identifying highly promising LCOA in Morocco, reaching 548 USD/t.
Beyond Empathy; Love. Person and Otherness in the Thought of Edith Stein
Authors: Thomassen Magdalene
Published: September 2024

Debating the nature of social cognition, there has been an upsurge in studies on empathy since the turn of the century. The contribution of Edith Stein’s doctoral dissertation On Empathy has also been brought to the forefront. In her philosophy, there is a continuous concern for the questions of social relations and human community, the explorations of the human person and its unfolding in the encounter with otherness being a leading thread in her work. Still, after her dissertation, the notion of empathy is no longer in use. What does this signify? I propose that the notion of ‘empathy’ proved to be too restrained for what Stein discovers and wants to phenomenologically describe. After her conversion to the Christian faith, working in the intersection of philosophy and theology, she expands and transforms her notion of what it means to be a person and, correspondingly, her intuition of the social relation. In the interpretative readings of this article, I show how Edith Stein’s early intuitions on empathy, alterity, and personhood come to full development in her later writings, where the relation to otherness and the unfolding of the person are conceived as inseparable from the experience of a loving God.
Automated Machine Learning and Asset Pricing
Authors: Healy Jerome V. , Gregoriou Andros , Hudson Robert
Published: September 2024

We evaluate whether machine learning methods can better model excess portfolio returns compared to the standard regression-based strategies generally used in the finance and econometric literature. We examine 17 benchmark factor model specifications based on Expected Utility Theory and theory drawn from behavioural finance. We assess whether machine learning can identify features of the data-generating process undetected by standard methods and rank the best-performing algorithms. Our tests use 95 years of CRSP data, from 1926 to 2021, encompassing the price history of the broad US stock market. Our findings suggest that machine learning methods provide more accurate models of stock returns based on risk factors than standard regression-based methods of estimation. They also indicate that certain risk factors and combinations of risk factors may be more attractive when more appropriate account is taken of the non-linear properties of the underlying assets.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Annual Physical Training Plan for Masters +45 Women Half Marathon Athletes: A Guideline Model for Good Practices for Programming Effort Volume and Intensity
Authors: Baba Daniela , Mijaica Raluca , Nechita Florentina , Balint Lorand
Published: September 2024

This study presents the implementation and results of the Annual Physical Training Program for Masters +45 Half Marathoners (PASm-12), focused on optimizing athletic performance through rigorous planning of training volume and intensity. PASm-12, structured over 12 mesocycles and 52 microcycles, was applied to 6 female runners with over 10 years of experience. The results indicate that the total running volume achieved (2347 km) was 90.2% of the volume proposed by PASm-12 (2603.2 km), with statistically significant differences in most mesocycles (Cohen’s f2 = 6.24, t = −5.997, p = 0.002, indicating a large effect size). The training intensity was achieved at an average of 94.8% of what was proposed by PASm-12, with significant differences in several mesocycles (Cohen’s f2 = 0.45, t = −1.972 to −3.984, p < 0.05, indicating a moderate to large effect size). The female runners’ performances in field tests generally showed faster times than the maximum and average values proposed in PASm-12, with the exception of the final competition, where performance was slightly lower due to external competitive factors (Cohen’s d = −0.53, t = −1.192, p = 0.3). This plan, demonstrating good practice, could serve as a guideline model for amateur runners who do not have specialist counseling. PASm-12 can reduce the risk of injury, prevent excessive fatigue, and support ongoing participation in sports activities. Additionally, the implementation of this plan could provide amateur runners with a safe and effective training structure, contributing to improved health and athletic performance.
Walkability in Riyadh: A Comprehensive Assessment and Implications for Sustainable Community—Al-Falah Case Study
Authors: Homoud Majd , Jarrar Ola M.
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on studying the concept of walkability in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, after the implementation of the Humanizing Neighborhoods Initiative. Al-Falah neighborhood was selected as a case study because it was one of the first neighborhoods to implement walkability strategies. By adopting a qualitative critical approach, this research collected data through a literature review and on-site observation to assess walkability in the neighborhood. Analysis of the observations highlighted the challenges and opportunities of walkability in Riyadh and the wider Gulf cities. Recommendations for promoting walkable communities in Riyadh include enhancing pedestrian infrastructure, incorporating mixed-use developments, integrating green infrastructure, implementing smart urban planning principles, and integrating public transportation systems. This paper emphasizes the importance of community engagement, preserving local identity, and involving various stakeholders to transform Riyadh into a pedestrian-friendly city that prioritizes public health and sustainability.
Microencapsulation of the Biocide Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) by Inclusion in Methyl-β-cyclodextrin and Screening of Its Antibacterial and Ecotoxicity Properties
Authors: Silva Vânia F. M. , Silva Aurora , Garrido Ermelinda M. P. J. , Borges Fernanda , Gaspar Alexandra , Garrido Jorge M. P. J.
Published: September 2024

The excessive use of biocides has considerable environmental and economic impacts; this is why new technologies have been sought to decrease the concentration levels applied in an effort to reduce the use of these substances. Microencapsulation using cyclodextrins has been widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries as a way of reducing the concentrations of the active substance necessary to achieve a biological effect and/or eliminate its irritating or toxicological effects. In this study, the inclusion complexation behavior and binding ability of benzothiazolinone (BIT) with different β-cyclodextrins (β-CD, HP-β-CD, and Me-β-CD) was investigated. The intermolecular interactions were examined through UV and FTIR spectroscopy, DSC, 1D 1H NMR, and 2D ROESY. The highest stability constant was observed for the BIT/Me-β-CD inclusion complex (299.5 ± 2.9 M−1). Antibacterial activity was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and the results revealed that the BIT/Me-β-CD inclusion complex displays a higher antibacterial activity than BIT. The acute toxicity of the biocide and inclusion complex was also examined using the photobacterium Aliivibrio fischeri. Although BIT exhibited higher toxicity than the inclusion complex, further investigation is needed due to the quorum quenching effect of β-CDs. The data found suggest that BIT microencapsulation can increase its aqueous solubility and can be used as an effective tool to improve its chemical, biological, and ecotoxicological properties.
Principles of professional selection of nursing staff
Authors:   SBHI of the city of Moscow «City Clinical Hospital named after S. P. Botkin» Department of Healthcare of the City of Moscow, Ekimova N. A. , Izevlina N. L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Samara State Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia
Published: September 2024

An important component of the effective operation of a medical organization is the selection of personnel, the attraction of workers with the necessary knowledge, experience, skills, and personal qualities. Properly selected personnel forms a system of relationships between people, includes everyone in the creative process of collective work activity, in this regard, the goal of professional personnel selection is: expanding the capabilities of personnel, promoting the development of employees, their training and growth, including the promotion of employees based on the planning system and career development. Target. Improving the personnel policy of a medical organization, effective forms of searching for recruitment and selection of personnel, and placement of personnel.Results. The existing personnel planning system was analyzed, the causes of personnel turnover were studied, and measures were developed to reduce it. Conclusion. A qualitatively new level of healthcare development cannot be achieved without the effective use of the organization’s personnel, who must be competently selected, trained and adapted to professional activities.