bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1956 at Ten and Beethoven’s Tenth
Authors: Glant Tibor
Published: August 2020

This article looks at Edward Alexander, an American diplomat who served in Hungary between 1965 and 1969, and his various writings. An Armenian-American man of letters, Alexander served in psychological warfare in World War II, then joined cold war radios and later the Foreign Service. Our focus is on the years 1965-67, when he served as Press and Cultural Affairs Officer at the Budapest Legation. Available sources include his official diplomatic reports, his rather large Hungarian state security file, a lifetime interview conducted under the aegis of the State Department in the late 1980s, a book on Armenian history, and a semi-autobiographical intelligence thriller he penned in 2000. These sources allow for a complex evaluation of his performance in Hungary and of his writing skills on account of his attempt to fictionalize his own exploits.
Psychoneuroimmunology Aspects of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND: In December 2019 the world was struck by an outbreak of a disease in China which is now referred to as Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 disease is a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. This disease has spread very quickly throughout the world, causing significant social and economic impacts. Now this incident is called a pandemic. There are many controversial theories up till now, especially about psychoneuroimmunology aspects. Symptoms caused by this disease vary greatly from the main attack of the respiratory system to neuro immunity system. Immune response is the key factor to invasion of this virus into the human body.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is providing comprehensive understanding regarding psychoneuroimmunology aspects of COVID-19 infection in those variable symptoms.

DISCUSSION: Neurological symptoms might start from anosmia, loss of taste (ageusia), delirium, encephalitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and stroke. Behavior might be affected with specific symptom such as depression and psychosis. Neuropsychiatric sequelae had been found in past viral pandemics.

CONCLUSION: Psychoneuroimmunology aspects will determine the variability of symptoms of each patient. Comprehensive understanding of psychoneuroimmunology perspective will aid in promoting post-pandemic public mental health in order to handle COVID-19 properly and minimize socio-economic impacts.
Current Potential Antiviral Agents for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Therapy
Authors: Kramy Prayogi
Published: August 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. SARS-CoV-2 infects the respiratory tract, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Various studies have been conducted to find effective therapies. However, there is still no specific treatment or therapy for COVID-19. This literature review, summarizes some recent research on several potential antiviral agents, both drugs that are commonly used in the medical world such as ivermectin, to medicine from herbal plants and some drugs that are in the process of clinical trials such as remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, Interferon ?, ribavirin, convalescent plasma, and monoclonal antibodies  for COVID-19 therapy.

KEYWORDS: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Antiviral Agents, Potential therapy.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DE ESPARGIDORES DE SOLUÇÃO LACRIMOGÊNEA DURANTE A RESISTÊNCIA PASSIVA
Authors: Torres Felipe Oppenheimer
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo sugerir a padronização, por parte das polícias militares, no atendimento de ocorrências onde o indivíduo abordado esboce resistência passiva. No presente trabalho será sugerida a utilização, em determinadas situações de resistência passiva, do espargidor de solução lacrimogênea para preservar a integridade física do indivíduo abordado, bem como dos agentes de segurança pública envolvidos na ocorrência. Ao longo do artigo serão elencados alguns parâmetros que indicarão a possibilidade de utilização do espargidor de solução lacrimogênea no caso do indivíduo oferecer resistência passiva, bem como serão abordadas características importantes a respeito dos espargidores e a forma correta dos mesmos serem utilizados em uma ocorrência policial.
Publication of a scientific article in for an english-languagejournal. Part4
Authors: Nevorotin A. I. , Awsiewitsch I. V. , Sukhanov I. M.
Published: August 2020

In 2000, the publishing house "Spetslit" published the monograph by of A.I. Nevorotin "Matrix phraseological collection: a manual for writing a scientific article in English". Despite the relatively large circulation (2000 copies), to present time date, this work has disap­peared from sale and has not been reprinted. Thereby fore, it became necessary to publish the main provisions of the manuscript again. Moreover, in cut his case, a number of author's comments, notes and updates will be added in the present edition made. The Matrix phraseological collection is a kind of catalog of text samples. The samples were from articles selected from the leading English-language scientific journals and were systematized in such awaythatwhen writing an ar- ticle in English, Russian research­ers are able easy to find examples suitable for his/her own work. Furthermore, the selected samples can be transformed accordingly saving the semantic and syntactic relations between the elements and, finally, be inserted into the text.
Culture, social phenomena and curriculum of Higher Education: articulations via museum and university
Authors: Pasqualucci Luciana
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this text is to reflect on the need for institutional articulation between museum and university. It seeks to emphasize the pertinence of the approximation between culture, social phenomena and curriculum of Higher Education, having as assumptions the concepts of Social Museology, the critical and contemporary perspective of curriculum and reflections on the university, shared, above all, by the Brazilian philosopher Álvaro Vieira Pinto and the Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset. The university, just as the museum, formulates and communicates meanings through speeches. Both institutions are then producers and generators of meanings. By promoting discussions and conceptual arrangements that reveal reality and reflections on different areas of knowledge, the museum can re-signify the discourse built at the university and the public participating in this process (students, faculty, museum audience), in addition to redefining the discourse in a creative way, since it interprets it in a particular and opportune way. This character of public instruction gives the museum even more legitimacy for the construction of new narratives, and the university is even closer to its formative role for the creation of social protagonists from different segments.

Keywords: Museum; University; Culture; Curriculum.
Building Sociomuseology: an analysis of the PhD’ theses defended in Museology at ULHT (2008-2020)
Authors: Biléssimo Angelo
Published: August 2020

This article aims to present preliminary data from an investigation that seeks to help to understand the contributions of thesis and dissertations defended at the Museology Department of Universidade Lusófona for the development of Sociomuseology between the years 2008 and 2020. This study has among its concerns understand how the production of knowledge in the area of Museology is being structured, based on research developed at ULHT, and the emergence of the School of Thought of Sociomuseology. In this article we focus our analysis on the doctoral thesis, analyzing 46 papers defended between 2008 and 2020, which corresponds to all the researchs located for the period. We discussed this production through the analysis of the treated themes, covered geographical spaces and a brief profile of the researchers involved, seeking to point out interpretations and possibilities for understanding Sociomuseology.

Keywords: Sociomuseology, Museology, Doctoral Thesis, Universidade Lusófona.
Application of Passive Range of Motion (ROM) Exercises to Increase the Strength of the Limb Muscles in Patients with Stroke Cases
Authors: Agusrianto Agusrianto , Rantesigi Nirva
Published: August 2020

Stroke is a condition that occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted due to blockage or rupture of brain blood vessels with symptoms such as hemipareseis, slurred speech, difficulty walking, loss of balance and decreased muscle strength. The aim of knowing the application of passive Range of motion (ROM) exercises in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients with limb paralysis. This research method used a descriptive method with a case study approach in which one stroke patient was given passive ROM exercises. The results showed that data on decreased consciousness, BP 170/120 mm / Hg and decreased limb muscle strength. Nursing diagnosis of physical mobility impairment, the nursing intervention given was passive ROM exercises twice a day aimed at increasing muscle strength. Evaluation after six days of intervention, the patient could move his hands and feet. In the upper/ lower right limb from scale 2 to scale 3 and the upper / lower left limb from 0 to 1. The conclusion after being given passive ROM exercises, stroke patients experienced increased muscle strength in both extremities.
The effect of Bee Pollen to the Acceptance and the Nutritional Value of the Crackers
Authors: Mujahidah Fatimah Fitriani
Published: August 2020

Toddler nutrition problems are directly related to the quantity and quality of food they consume. The research aimed to obtain crackers products that contain amino acids and iron with substitution of bee pollen (bee pollen) flour for the toddler. The type of research used is a quasi-experimental design with laboratory analysis. The research was carried out in three stages: the first stage was an introductory research with laboratory tests on bee pollen flour and organoleptic test, the second stage was the product initial research, and the third stage proximate analysis was conducted, amino acid content, and iron suit of SNI. In the main research was the process of making crackers with the formula 25%,75%,100% and done by 20 panelists. The research result of crackers formula C2 gave the good preference level. For the product initial research was the proximate analysis, the selected formulas was 7,74% protein, 22,81% fat, 63,61% carbohydrates, 3,36% water content, and 2,52% ash content. Fe content in bee pollen flour was 145,7862 ppm after being processed into crackers at 88.4402 ppm. The bee polen flour has a good acceptability and nutrient content, although the iron content has decreased after being processed into crackers, this is due to the high temperature used when the crackers are baked.
Gender Equality in Natural Disasters and Climate Change
Authors: Odjoe Mintje Ratoe , Fanggidae Rolland Epafras , Amtiran Paulina Y.
Published: August 2020

Climate change will contribute to increasing the frequency and severity of natural disasters with negative impacts on human life. Although disasters and climate change affect all populations, the impact on each gender, in terms of vulnerability, ability, and resilience, will be different. The impact of disasters and climate change is certainly heavier on women and children because women will struggle more to overcome the effects and have limited access to resource management. This research questions how women are affected by climate change and natural disasters and how climate change impacts trade work. The findings suggested that a new approach is needed for climate change, disaster management, and gender equality. This study examines traditional culinary traders at Oesapa Color Beach, most of whom are women victims of high waves destroying their place for business.
ANALYSIS OF SOME EMBRYOGENETIC TRAITS OF THE INTRASPECIFIC AND INTERSPECIFIC F1 HYBRID PLANTS G.HERBACEUM L. AND G.ARBOREUM L
Authors: Kh.A.Muminov
Published: August 2020

In this article was given that number of anthers in intraspecific and interspecific F1 hybrid plants obtained from crossing intraspecific varieties of the species G.herbaceum L. and G.arboreum L. were observed that was intermediate (f.harga x subsp.africanum, subsp.obtusifolium x subsp.nanking) and strong negative (subsp.obtusifolium x subsp.perenne, f.harga x subsp.perenne) than the selection material were observed and the number of pollen grains in one anther in groups obtained with the involvement of ruderal and ruderal (subsp.pseudoarboreum x f.harga, f.harga x subsp.pseudoarboreum, f.harga x subsp.perenne, subsp.perenne x f.harga) and (subsp.nanking (brown fiber) x variety «VIR 1372, variety «VIR 1372 x subsp.nanking (brown fiber)) form with the positive heterosis. The obtained data have a kind of versatility and were defined to correspond to the data of literary sources.
KEY WORDS: species, intraspecific, interspecific, variety, form, wild, ruderal, sympodial tropical, sympodial subtropical, flower, anther, pollen, pieces.
Ambiguity in authenticity of top-level Coronavirus-related domains
Authors: Tombs Nathanael , Fournier-Tombs Eleonore
Published: August 2020

During the novel coronavirus (Covid-19) crisis, citizens have been attempting to obtain critical information and directives from official government websites. These are usually hosted on top-level domains, such as coronavirus.mx. There is no reliable mechanism to verify these websites’ authenticity, and the space is also shared by commercial entities selling related (or not) products and advertisements. This loophole is an urgent information security and misinformation problem that can be resolved by registering websites under restricted second-level domains or adopting existing methods of domain registrant identification.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Prospective of Diospyros malabarica Methanolic Extract for Improving Oxidative Stability of Mustard Oil
Authors: Rehman Rabia , Raza Asma , Mitu Liviu
Published: August 2020

Antioxidants are substances which inhibit auto-oxidation of oils and fats by donating an atom of hydrogen to free radicals produced in the initial stages of autooxidation. In the course of the past two decades, a lot of work is done on application of natural plants extracts as preservative in edible oils due to the drift towards reducing the use of synthetic food additives. The aim of this research project was to estimate antioxidant efficacy of pharmaceutical plant species of Pakistan origin famous as �Gaab tree� (Diospyros malabarica), in local language and its use as a stabilizing agent for mustard oil. To carry out this study, its fruit and leaves methanolic extracts were prepared and their antioxidant efficiencies were analyzed by means of various tests like: TPC, TFC, TAC. They were found to be enriched with potential antioxidants. For finding antioxidant potential, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP analysis and a-carotene bleaching tests were also carried out. Results indicated their oxidative potentials were similar to synthetic antioxidants, like: BHA and BHT. So these extracts can be used as natural stabilizers, like synthetic one, for minimizing the use of synthetic chemicals for food storage.
Contribution Regarding the Use of Immunohistochimical Examination in Hemangiosarcoma
Authors: Stancu Adrian , Cristina Romeo Teodor , Ghise Alina , Pentea Marius , Pasca Sorin , Carpinisan Liliana , Hulea Anca , Janos Degi , Berceanu-Vaduva Delia Mira , Velimirovici Dana Emilia , Tulcan Camelia
Published: August 2020

A post-mortem examination of a 5-year-old female Labrador sex female was performed to find out the cause of death. The macroscopic examination revealed a large amount of blood in the abdominal cavity (hemoperitoneum) and pericardial (hemopericard) and also the rupture of the right atrium. The spleen was taken for histopathological examination.
Review of the genus Cladiscus (Coleoptera: Cleridae) from Japan and Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species
Authors: Murakami Hiroyuki
Published: August 2020

The Japanese and Taiwanese species of the genus CladiscusChevrolat, 1843 are reviewed. Two new species are described: C. hachijoensis sp. nov. from Japan (Hachijôjima Is.) and C. liaoi sp. nov. from Taiwan. Cladiscus pallidicornis Corporaal & van der Wiel, 1949 is recorded for the first time from Japan and C. weyersi Kraatz, 1899 from Taiwan. Cladiscus sanguinicollis (Spinola, 1844) is removed from the Taiwanese fauna, as its records are based on misidentification. The Japanese and Taiwanese members, plus C. thalassinus Murakami, 2017 from Borneo, Malaysia, are divided into two species groups based on the features of male and female genitalia.
LOS NUEVOS LECTORES EN LA ESPAÑA DEL SIGLO XIX
Authors: Botrel Jean François
Published: August 2020

Sin información.
HOW SAFE IS SAFE? A CANADIAN AIR CARRIERS (CAC) SAFETY BEHAVIOR INVESTIGATION
Authors: Ram Angeline , O’Connell John , Efthymiou Marina , Tchouamou Njoya Eric
Published: August 2020

The importance of safety within an organization is determined by the implementation of a Safety Management System (SMS), organizational culture, management commitment and behaviour, the activity of staff themselves, and to what degree safety reporting is upheld (Cohen, Wiegmann and Shappell, 2015). Canada was the first country globally to implement regulation mandating a Safety Management System (SMS) program. Many Canadian air carriers (CAC) proudly announce safety as a top priority, which is achieved through their SMS program. Amidst aviation’s verbal safety saturation, safety is often communicated as the top priority within the industry; however, are the public declarations consistent with CAC practices? This paper investigates whether safety behaviour within CAC is aligned to the objectives of the SMS. In-depth interviews with seven senior safety experts were conducted to identify areas of improvement and a survey with 164 respondents. This research found that there are many areas of improvement of the safety performance of CAC. Factors, which affect safety reporting behaviour and the priority of safety, include management’s support of a safety culture, job function, and the number of air carriers an individual has worked for. This research also suggests that a job function that was created to instil public confidence is more likely to deviate from safety procedures and less likely to report. A template for safety success, which influences organizational culture resulting in economic viability output, is proposed and recommendations for safety culture enforcement by the regulators.
Tracing the Coevolution Path of Supermassive Black Holes and Spheroids with AKARI-selected Ultraluminous IR Galaxies at Intermediate Redshifts
Authors: Chen Xiaoyang , Akiyama Masayuki , Ichikawa Kohei , Noda Hirofumi , Toba Yoshiki , Yamamura Issei , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , UF Abdurro’ , Kokubo Mitsuru
Published: August 2020

We present the stellar population and ionized-gas outflow properties of ultraluminous IR galaxies (ULIRGs) at z = 0.1–1.0 that are selected from the AKARI far-IR all-sky survey. We construct a catalog of 1077 ULIRGs to examine feedback effects after major mergers. Of the 1077 ULIRGs, 202 are spectroscopically identified by SDSS and Subaru/FOCAS observations. Thanks to the deeper depth and higher resolution of AKARI compared to the previous Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) survey and reliable identification from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mid-IR pointing, the sample is unique in identifying optically faint (i ∼ 20) IR-bright galaxies, which could be missed in previous surveys. A self-consistent spectrum and broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) decomposition method, which constrains stellar population properties in SED modeling based on spectral fitting results, has been employed for 149 ULIRGs whose optical continua are dominated by host galaxies. They are massive galaxies (

–1012
M

) associated with intense star formation activities (SFR ∼ 200–2000 M

yr−1). The sample covers a range of active galactic nucleus (AGN) bolometric luminosity of 1010–1013
L

, and the outflow velocity measured from the [O iii] 5007 Å line shows a correlation with AGN luminosity. Eight galaxies show extremely fast outflows with velocity up to 1500–2000 km s−1. However, the coexistence of vigorous starbursts and strong outflows suggests the star formation has not been quenched during the ULIRG phase. By deriving the stellar mass and mass fraction of the young stellar population, we find no significant discrepancies between stellar properties of ULIRGs with weak and powerful AGNs. The results are not consistent with the merger-induced evolutionary scenario, which predicts that star formation–dominated ULIRGs will show smaller stellar masses and younger stellar populations compared to AGN-dominated ULIRGs.
Sampling of parasitoid Hymenoptera: influence of the height on the ground
Authors: Chan-Canché Ricardo , Ballina-Gómez Horacio , Leirana-Alcocer Jorge , Bordera Santiago , González-Moreno Alejandra
Published: August 2020

Parasitoid hymenopterans are a highly diverse group of insects; therefore, the choice of an adequate sampling method becomes important to achieve a representative species richness of a site. The aim of this work is to evaluate the size and diversity of parasitoids in relation to the height of the Malaise trap placement above the ground of a low deciduous forest from Yucatan, Mexico. Parasitoids were collected from September to October 2015, using three Malaise traps at ground level and other three located right above the others, leaving no space between them, at a height of 1.5 m. The collected specimens were identified at family level. A total of 4083 parasitoids belonging to 31 families were collected, representing 93% of the sample’s completeness, according to Jack 1 estimator; with differences in richness and abundance between trap heights according to rarefaction and fixed effects multifactorial ANOVA, respectively. Bethylidae, Braconidae and Ichneumonidae were the most abundant families. Besides, when analyzing the differences of each family by separate, there were significant results for Bethylidae, Diapriidae and Ichneumonidae with more individuals in the traps at ground level than in the raised ones. In a further analysis, the effect of body size on the capture height was observed. The specimens of larger size belonging to the families Bethylidae, Sphecidae, Sclerogibbidae and Evaniidae were more collected at ground level, on the other hand, the larger sized Ichneumonidae were collected at raised level.
New records of Leptopilina, Ganaspis, and Asobara species associated with Drosophila suzukii in North America, including detections of L. japonica and G. brasiliensis
Authors: Abram Paul K. , McPherson Audrey E. , Kula Robert , Hueppelsheuser Tracy , Thiessen Jason , Perlman Steve J. , Curtis Caitlin I. , Fraser Jessica L. , Tam Jordan , Carrillo Juli , Gates Michael , Scheffer Sonja , Lewis Matthew , Buffington Matthew
Published: August 2020

We report the presence of two Asian species of larval parasitoids of spotted wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), in northwestern North America. Leptopilina japonica Novkovic & Kimura and Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) were found foraging near and emerging from fruits infested by D. suzukii at several locations across coastal British Columbia, Canada in the summer and fall of 2019. While G. brasiliensis was found in British Columbia for the first time in 2019, re-inspection of previously collected specimens suggests that L. japonica has been present since at least 2016. Additionally, we found a species of Asobara associated with D. suzukii in British Columbia that is possibly Asobara rufescens (Förster) (known only from the Palearctic Region) based on COI DNA barcode data. These findings add to the list of cases documenting adventive establishment of candidate classical biological control agents outside of their native ranges. The findings also illustrate the need for revisiting species concepts within Asobara, as well as host and geographic distribution data due to cryptic and/or misidentified species.
Peripheral Intravenous Education in North American Nursing Schools: A Call to Action
Authors: Vandenhouten Christine L. , Owens Andrea K. , Hunter Mark R. , Raynak Andrea
Published: August 2020

Background:

Peripheral intravenous (PIV) management requires knowledge, skill, and clinical judgment to ensure positive patient outcomes; yet, many nurses lack confidence in their PIV knowledge and skills. It is important that graduate nurses acquire PIV knowledge and skills in nursing school. This study aimed to explore PIV content coverage and clinical opportunities provided in U.S. and Canadian nursing curricula.

Method:

Using a descriptive, exploratory design, representatives of nursing schools completed a 12-item, web-based PIV curriculum survey.

Results:

Most schools covered PIV content in classroom, laboratory, and clinical settings; however, some indicated students were not allowed to initiate PIVs in clinical settings. Participants noted that PIV education was a shared responsibility with health systems.

Conclusion:

It is important that nursing students develop PIV competence; however, competing pressures for time in nursing curricula may limit PIV coverage. Nurse educators can benefit from PIV and infusion therapy specialty organization resources.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(9):493–500.]
Striving for Gerotranscendence: Preparing Nursing Students to Care for the Aging Population
Authors: Ciriello Jillian , Karl Cherry
Published: August 2020

Background:

The population of older adults in America is increasing rapidly, but many prelicensure nursing students do not understand the unique needs of these patients. Educational methods are needed that foster a mindset of research and inquiry to help older adults thrive.

Method:

A three-pronged educational hybrid was designed to help students create meaningful links between geriatric nursing theory in the classroom and application in the clinical setting.

Results:

Test scores increased for 45% of students after the intervention, and 89% reported a greater understanding of evidence-based geriatric care. Students demonstrated increased confidence in discussing geriatric care and sharing theoretical knowledge with peers.

Conclusion:

With guided application of nursing theory in the clinical setting, students can use evidence-based care and develop nursing practice that helps older adults thrive. This prepares students to meet the demands of today's health care environment and develop practice standards that will follow them throughout their careers.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(9):536–538.]
Polyethylene Liner Dissociation after Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Dislocation: a Case Series
Authors: Paynter Jordan W. , Griswold B. Gage , Defoor Mikalyn , Crosby Lynn A. , Parada Stephen A.
Published: August 2020

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty is a common procedure. While dislocation is a common complication, there are few reports documenting dislocation with associated polyethylene liner dissociation from the humeral tray. There have been 4 instances of this occurrence over 9 years at our institution, and there are specific radiographic clues for diagnosis. Recognizing polyethylene liner dissociation on imaging is important prior to treatment. In a "routine" dislocation, closed reduction may be attempted but when the polyethylene is dissociated, open reduction is the only treatment option, as closed reduction can damage the components. Dislocations with polyethylene dissociation may not be initially recognized, prompting a non-operative period leading to wear and metallosis. These 4 cases demonstrate key findings present on imaging to recognize the difference between a dislocation with and without polyethylene liner dissociation, namely the subluxation appearance rather than dislocation.
Influence of Baseball Training Load on Clinical Reach Tests and Grip Strength in Collegiate Baseball Players
Authors: Pexa Brett , Ryan Eric D. , Blackburn J. Troy , Padua Darin A. , Garrison J. Craig , Myers Joseph B.
Published: August 2020

Context

A baseball-specific training load may influence strength or glenohumeral range of motion, which are related to baseball injuries. Glenohumeral reach tests and grip strength are clinical assessments of shoulder range of motion and upper extremity strength, respectively.

Objective

To examine changes in glenohumeral reach test performance and grip strength between dominant and nondominant limbs and high, moderate, and low baseball-specific training-load groups.

Design

Repeated-measures study.

Setting

University laboratory and satellite clinic.

Patients or Other Participants

Collegiate baseball athletes (n = 18, age = 20.1 ± 1.3 years, height = 185.0 ± 6.5 cm, mass = 90.9 ± 10.2 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants performed overhead reach tests (OHRTs), behind-the-back reach tests (BBRTs), and grip strength assessments using the dominant and nondominant limbs every 4 weeks for 16 weeks. Percentage change scores were calculated between testing times. After each training session, participants provided their duration of baseball activity, throw count, and body-specific and arm-specific ratings of perceived exertion. We classified them in the high, moderate, or low training-load group based on each training-load variable: body-specific acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR), arm-specific ACWR, body-specific cumulative load, and arm-specific cumulative load. Mixed models were used to compare training-load groups and limbs.

Results

The arm-specific ACWR group demonstrated as main effect for OHRT (F = 7.70, P = .001), BBRT (F = 4.01, P = .029), and grip strength (F = 8.89, P < .001). For the OHRT, the moderate training-load group demonstrated a 10.8% greater increase than the high group (P = .004) and a 13.2% greater increase than the low group (P < .001). For the BBRT, the low training-load group had a 10.1% greater increase than the moderate group (P = .011). For grip strength, the low training-load group demonstrated a 12.1% greater increase than the high group (P = .006) and a 17.7% greater increase than the moderate group (P < .001).

Conclusions

Arm-specific ACWR was related to changes in clinical assessments of range of motion and strength. Clinicians may use arm-specific ACWR to indicate when a baseball athlete's physical health is changing.
Pilot study for the Psychometric Validation of the Sheffield Profile for Assessment and Referral to Care (SPARC) in Korean Cancer Patients
Authors: Kwon Jung Hye , Baek Sun Kyung , Kim Do Yeun , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Myung Ah , Choi Hye Jin , Byun Ja Min , Jeong Jin Young , Ahmedzai Sam H , Jang Geun-Doo
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis study aimed to validate the Sheffield Profile for Assessment and Referral to Care (SPARC) as an effective tool for screening palliative care needs among Korean cancer patients.Materials and MethodsThe English version of the SPARC was translated by four Korean oncologists and reconciled by a Korean language specialist and a medical oncologist fluent in English. After the first version of the Korean SPARC (K-SPARC) was developed, back-translation into English was performed by a professional translator and bilingual oncologist. The back-translated version was reviewed by the original author (S.H.A.), and modifications were made (ver. 2). The second version of the K-SPARC was tested against other questionnaires, including the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS).ResultsThirty patients were enrolled in the pilot trial. Fifteen were male, and the median age was 64.5 years. Six patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or more. All patients except one were receiving chemotherapy. Regarding internal consistency, the Cronbach’s α scores for physical symptoms, psychological issues, religious and spiritual issues, independency and activity, family and social issues, and treatment issues were 0.812, 0.804, 0.589, 0.843, 0.754, and 0.822, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the SPARC and FACT-G were 0.479 (p=0.007) for the physical domain and –0.130 (p=0.493) for the social domain.ConclusionThis pilot study indicates that the K-SPARC could be a reliable tool to screen for palliative care needs among Korean cancer patients. A further study to validate our findings is ongoing.
Spatial Distribution and Prognostic Implications of Tumor-Infiltrating FoxP3- CD4+ T Cells in Biliary Tract Cancer
Authors: Kim Hyung-Don , Kim Jwa Hoon , Ryu Yeon-Mi , Kim Danbee , Lee Sunmin , Shin Jaehoon , Hong Seung-Mo , Kim Ki-Hun , Jung Dong‐Hwan , Song Gi‐Won , Hwang Dae Wook , Lee Jae Hoon , Song Ki Byung , Ryoo Baek-Yeol , Jeong Jae Ho , Kim Kyu-pyo , Kim Sang-Yeob , Yoo Changhoon
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe clinical implications of tumor-infiltrating T cell subsets and their spatial distribution in biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients treated with gemcitabine plus cisplatin were investigated.Materials and MethodsA total of 52 BTC patients treated with palliative gemcitabine plus cisplatin were included. Multiplexed immunohistochemistry was performed on tumor tissues, and immune infiltrates were separately analyzed for the stroma, tumor margin, and tumor core.ResultsThe density of CD8+ T cells, FoxP3- CD4+ helper T cells, and FoxP3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells was significantly higher in the tumor margin than in the stroma and tumor core. The density of LAG3- or TIM3-expressing CD8+ T cell and FoxP3- CD4+ helper T cell infiltrates was also higher in the tumor margin. In extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, there was a higher density of T cell subsets in the tumor core and regulatory T cells in all regions. A high density of FoxP3- CD4+ helper T cells in the tumor margin showed a trend toward better progression-free survival (PFS) (p=0.092) and significantly better overall survival (OS) (p=0.012). In multivariate analyses, a high density of FoxP3- CD4+ helper T cells in the tumor margin was independently associated with favorable PFS and OS. ConclusionThe tumor margin is the major site for the active infiltration of T cell subsets with higher levels of LAG3 and TIM3 expression in BTC. The density of tumor margin-infiltrating FoxP3- CD4+ helper T cells may be associated with clinical outcomes in BTC patients treated with gemcitabine plus cisplatin.
Applying a New Feeding Protocol for Enhancing Mass Culture and Nutritional Value of the Rotifer Brachionus plicatilis Müller, 1786
Authors: Hegab Mahmouud , Abdelhameed Moustafa Sobhy , Nasr Hoda Shafiek , Mola Hesham Abdel
Published: August 2020

The study tested a new feeding protocol to find out the best program using cheap and
available products to enhancement the mass culture and the nutritional value of B.
plicatilis. The feeding regime was six artificial treatments formulated from dried yeast
(Saccharomyces cervisiae) with sucrose sugar and yeast with molasses in different
concentrations. Additionally, a live Cyclotella sp. had been applied as supplementary
food to each treatment and as independent treatment (control). B. plicatilis was
cultured in small scale to find the best food regime and technique to apply it in the
large one. B. plicatilis attained its highest density in the small scale culture (370 Ind.ml1
) with T1 (30 % yeast, 70 % sugar and Cyclotella sp.) at the 12th day, while the highest
population growth rate (PGR) (0.65) was calculated at the 9th day. According to the
analysis of variance (ANOVA) and PGR, T1 had been applied in the large scale culture.
B. plicatilis samples were composed of 51.6% total protein with 16 amino acids and
33.01% total lipid with 19 identified fatty acids. The study concluded that the
treatment (T1) is a suitable diet for enrichment the mass culture and the nutritional
value of B. plicatilis.
The Capacity of Kulon Progo Regency Government in Efforts to Self-Sustaining Economic
Authors: Yovi Dzulhijjah Rahmawati
Published: August 2020

As an area with an open economic access, Kulon Progo Regency has many valuable points in the development of its agriculture, manufacturing, trade and services sectors. However, low level of the district public welfare becomes an internal strategic issues that affects its planning process. In the meantime, Kulon Progo District has its own leadership potential with good regional coordination and clear communication with its regional leaders. This potential can be a key element of its regional development as to reduce its internal issues. This leadership type owns by the regional leaders, along with the effective bureaucracy, is a manifestation of the capacity of its regional jurisdiction. This capacity of the Kulon Progo regency government  within the framework to achieve self-sustaining economic can be obtained with the following efforts: (1) efforts to mobilize stakeholders in achieving self-sustaining economic by local leaders, (2) determination of local-pro economic policy and priorities program, and (3) implementation of a performance-based planning and budgeting process in an effort to boost the local economy. In practice, the leadership innovation is not strong enough to change the planning and budgeting system that has been institutionalized bureaucratically. Contextual conditions do have great affect to the success of leadership, policy making, and planning and budgeting aspects. Therefore, this study aims to examine the Kulon Progo District Government capacity in encouraging the self-sustaining economy.
Inequality in practice: materialism in Brazilian schools in times of pandemic / Inequality in practice: materialism in Brazilian schools in times of pandemic
Authors: Bueno Gonçalves Aline
Published: August 2020

Based on theoretical references (theses, dissertations, literary chronicles), the text provides an overview in the form of a reflection on the problem of inequality in education in Brazil during the pandemic period. The focus is on secondary school youth (mainly affected by the National High School Examination - ENEM) and their mental health. The article has three main objectives; 1) Reflection and critical reading 2) Thinking about the importance of effective actions and practices 3) Showing the relevance of quality education (as opposed to conservative political thinking in vogue in Brazil). With the analyses, it was possible to notice an intensification of inequalities in the Brazilian political scenario in the year 2020.
História, crise e luta de classes: a teoria marxista da dependência e a lei do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado / History, crisis and class struggle: the Marxist theory of dependence and the law of unequal and combined development
Authors: Aviz Neto Francisco Lino
Published: August 2020

Este artigo propõe a problematização da teoria da dependência marxista em uma comparação analítica com a Lei do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado. Estas são formulações que têm grande relevância para compreender os desenvolvimentos capitalistas nos países explorados pelo imperialismo e pelas burguesias nacionais. Através das metodologias da História Social e da História Econômica, a pesquisa foi realizada com uma revisão bibliográfica, além do escopo de alguns dados econômicos e estatísticos da situação brasileira, especialmente em relação à questão agrária, que é crucial para o capitalismo no Brasil. No âmbito da comparação das duas teorias, algumas distinções são entendidas em suas propostas de análise, que também expressam a influência das políticas dos grupos comunistas para a formulação da Teoria da dependência marxista em relação à Lei de Leon Trotsky.
Aproximaciones a la antimasonería de León Trotsky / Approaches to Leon Trotsky’s anti-masonry
Authors: Pozuelo Andrés Yván
Published: August 2020

Este estudio se acerca a la relación entre Trotsky y la masonería. Hasta el momento, la Academia la analizó de un modo superficial. Con esta aportación se pretende abrir el camino hacia un análisis más en detalle de la cuestión y ofrecer pistas para estudiarla. Como ejemplo se toma en cuenta a uno de los textos más nombrado sobre la “cuestión francesa” en el IV congreso de la III Internacional que quiso poner en jaque al “comunista masón” o al “masón comunista”. León Trotsky integró la dinámica de “pensar, escribir y difundir” a diario durante algo más de cuarenta años. Abordó todos los temas que completa la curiosidad intelectual de su época. Su pluma fue el principal reflejo de su capacidad intelectual para plasmar reflexiones, opiniones y decisiones que quedaron para la historia. No temió a la escritura como huella indeleble que pudiera ser utilizada para una posterior crítica. Su figura fue estudiada sobre todo en torno a los grandes acontecimientos históricos en los que participó y en los que fue un “espectador” activo. En todos ellos, las sombras de la masonería aparecieron y formaron o alimentaron en ciertos sectores de la sociedad un imaginario con base en un complot judeo-masónico-comunista. En este trabajo, se analiza su rol y postura en torno a la resolución del IV Congreso de la Internacional comunista que decidió prohibir a los dirigentes comunistas franceses pertenecer a obediencias masónicas. ¿Cuál fue su postura? ¿Por qué? ¿Fue puntual? ¿Cuáles fueron los objetivos políticos? ¿De qué contexto se nutrió?
Transnacionales: sacrilegio y geopolítica / Transnationals: sacrilege and geopolitics
Authors: López-Guzmán Jorge Alberto
Published: August 2020

La firma de convenios, tratados y acuerdos internacionales entre los países latinoamericanos con los Estados Unidos o las potencias europeas durante el último decenio ha generado una nueva geografía y geopolítica, desdibujando el entorno físico en el que se habían desarrollado históricamente las comunidades locales. El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la cara oculta que las empresas transnacionales vislumbran a través de sus intervenciones, generando una geopolítica de la biodiversidad y de las semillas. El artículo utiliza un análisis documental desde una perspectiva histórica y crítica sobre el rol de los actores involucrados, estableciendo como resultado que la geopolítica hoy en día ya no concibe a los Estados como los actores dominantes, sino a las empresas transnacionales. ejerciendo el papel que los Estados desempeñaron en el siglo pasado, pero esta vez no desde posiciones bélico militares, sino desde posiciones ético-jurídicas protegidas por geoestrategias como los Derechos de Propiedad Intelectual (DPI), que obtienen su relevancia al estar refugiados en el conocimiento de las regulaciones científicas e institucionales.
Analisis Peran Guru Dalam Pemanfaatan Lingkungan Sekolah Terhadap Kreativitas Belajar Siswa
Authors: Wahid Farhan Saefudin , Purnomo M. Agus , Ulya Siti Mughimatun
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah untuk mengembangkan kreativitas siswa dalam belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran guru dalam pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah dan dampaknya terhadap kreativitas belajar siswa di SD Islam Losari Lor Brebes. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Deskriptif dengan bentuk wawancara kepada kepala sekolah, guru kelas IV, dan peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah SD Islam Losari Lor Brebes di dalam dan di lingkungan sekolah, dapat membantu kinerja guru dalam menyampaikan informasi dan mempermudah siswa untuk menerima materi dengan cepat dan dapat menumbuhkan kreativitas belajar siswa. Adapun kendala atau kekurangan dalam pemanfaatan lingkungan dalam kelas dan lingkungan sekolah SD Islam Losari Lor Brebes, membutuhkan perencanaan pembelajaran yang matang dan membutuhkan guru pendamping dalam menyampaikan informasi. Saran dari peneliti untuk pihak sekolah agar memperbanyak sumber belajar di dalam lingkungan kelas dan lingkungan sekolah.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Muatan Matematika Kelas IV SD Tahfidzul Qur’an Darul Abror
Authors: Mabruroh Unais , Sunarsih Diah , Mumpuni Atikah
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada peserta didik kelas IV SD Tahfidzul Qur’an Darul Abror yang mengalami kesulitan pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar matematika pada materi bangun datar persegi dan persegi panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan hasil tes, observasi partisipatif, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa jenis kesulitan belajar muatan matematika materi bangun persegi dan persegi panjang yang dialami oleh peserta didik  kelas IV yaitu: a) peserta didik belum memahami sifat-sifat bangun datar persegi dan persegi panjang, b) kesulitan menentukan rumus untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah, c) kelemahan dalam menghitung, d) kesulitan bahasa dan membaca. Faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar terdiri dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal adalah faktor yang berasal dari diri peserta didik, meliputi kesehatan fisik dan sikap peserta didik Faktor eksternal adalah faktor yang berasal dari luar diri peserta didik, meliputi sikap guru dan alat pembelajaran. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran matematika perlu pengulangan dan memperbanyak frekuensi latihan soal, sehingga peserta didik dapat memahami konsep matematika.
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Dan Gaya Kognitif Terhadap Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Penjas
Authors: Mayanto Akis , Zulfikar Zulfikar , Faisal Ahmad
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah metode pembelajaran mempengaruhi motivasi dan hasil belajar penjas siswa kelas V SD di Kecamatan  Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo bergantung pada gaya kognitif. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD di Kecamatan Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo tahun ajaran 2018/2019 terdiri dari 5 sekolah. Penentuan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling.  Sampel yang terpilih adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri 45 Poleonro dan kelas V SD Negeri 218 Gilireng yang berjumlah 79 orang. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes gaya kognitif GEFT, angket motivasi belajar penjas dan tes hasil belajar penjas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Motivasi belajar penjas siswa kelas V SD di Kecamaatan Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran tergantung pada gaya kognitif, dan (2) Hasil belajar penjas siswa kelas V SD di Kecamatan Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran tergantung pada gaya kognitif.
Pencil spring ingestion in a neonate- a rare occurrence with cecal perforation: A case report
Authors: Kamran Muhammad , Khan Saleem Ullah , Saleem Muhammad , Iqbal Asif , Hashim Imran , Khan Javed Iqbal , Shoukat Zubair
Published: August 2020

Background: Foreign body (FB) ingestion is relatively common in the pediatric population. However, it is a rare occurrence in neonates and intestinal perforation due to ingested FB is once in a blue moon event.
Case Presentation: Here we present a case of accidental FB ingestion by a neonate leading to a rare complication. The patient was received in vitally unstable condition and exploratory laparotomy was performed after initial resuscitation. The intra-operative findings included perforation of the cecum, which was repaired with a covering stoma. The postoperative period was uneventful, and stoma was reversed later.
Conclusion: Foreign body ingestion is possible in neonates, though very rare, and can lead to fatal complications If not detected and treated in time.