bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CMMSE: On the variable inverse sum deg index: Theory and applications
Authors: Bermúdez José Antonio Méndez , Reyes Rosalio , Almira José M. Sigarreta , Villeta María
Published: August 2023

A large number of topological indices of the form ∑ uv∈E(G) F(du, dv) are studied in mathematical chemistry, where uv denotes the edge of the graph G connecting the vertices u and v, and du is the degree of the vertex u. Among them the variable inverse sum deg index ISDa, with F(du, dv) = 1/(dau+dav). The aim of this paper is to obtain new mathematical properties for the ISD index and to characterize extremal graphs with respect to them. In the same sense, a quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) study of this index was performed.
Exact formula for cubic partitions
Authors: Mauth Lukas
Published: August 2023

We obtain an exact formula for the cubic partition function and prove a conjecture by Banerjee, Paule, Radu and Zeng.
A permutation-based funnel plot for subgroup analysis
Authors: Veltri Carlo
Published: August 2023

This article presents an extension to the Subgroup Explorer, an interactive R Shiny app used for explorative post-hoc subgroup screening in clinical trials. The original method calculates point estimates for all subgroups in a clinical trial and visualizes them in a scatter plot. The proposed extension introduces confidence intervals for the treatment effect estimates, obtained through the inversion of permutation tests. The confidence intervals are constructed for a larger number of point estimates, allowing for a twodimensional confidence region along the funnel plot. The method's performance is evaluated on synthetic clinical trial data.
A New Ensemble Method for Brain Tumor Segmentation
Authors: Laouali Souleymane Mahaman , Chebbah Mouna , Nakouri Haïfa
Published: August 2023

In the medical field, Magnetic resonance image (MRI) brain tumor segmentation is highly crucial and important. Tumor segmentation can help in diagnosis and prognosis, overall growth predictions, Tumor density measures, and care treatment plans needed for patients. However, this task is extremely challenging due to low contrast, noise in medical images, and to the voluminous size of data. This work focuses on improving medical image semantic segmentation using a time-efficient ensemble learning approach. We propose a novel ensemble deep approach using a Convolutional Neural Network and three Autoencoders to extract relevant features from brain MRIs, reduce dimensionality, then apply supervised learning for pixel-by-pixel binary classification to achieve tumor segmentation. Experiments show promising results with our model achieving a Dice Similarity Coefficient of 88.63%, a Jaccard Similarity Index of 79.58% and a Recall of 84.34%, thus demonstrating the model’s ability to identify the tumor’s pixels with precision while consuming fewer resources. Therefore, the segmentation performance is sufficiently addressed in terms of accuracy, reliability and speed.
Symmetry of the emergent inductance tensor exhibited by magnetic textures
Authors: Kagawa Fumitaka , Furuta Soju , Koshibae Wataru
Published: August 2023

Metals hosting gradually varying spatial magnetic textures are attracting attention as a new class of inductor. Under the application of an alternating current, the spin-transfer-torque effect induces oscillating dynamics of the magnetic texture, which subsequently yields the spin-motive force as a back action, resulting in an inductive voltage response. In general, a second-order tensor representing a material's response can have an off-diagonal component. However, it is unclear what symmetries the emergent inductance tensor has and also which magnetic textures can exhibit a transverse inductance response. Here we reveal both analytically and numerically that the emergent inductance tensor should be a symmetric tensor in the so-called adiabatic limit. By considering this symmetric tensor in terms of symmetry operations that a magnetic texture has, we further characterize the magnetic textures in which the transverse inductance response can appear. This finding provides a basis for exploring the transverse response of emergent inductors, which has yet to be discovered.
Use of GIS and Multi-criteria Analysis for Land Use Planning in Developing Countries: A case study of Land Use Suitability Analysis for Urban Development of Lalitpur District, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Narayan , Pant Pragya , Parsai Ritika , Mahata Aayush , Dulal Sujan
Published: August 2023

Nepal is facing rapid urbanization leading to unplanned land development/use. This research paper focuses on conducting a comprehensive land use suitability analysis for urban development in Lalitpur District, Nepal. By employing Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) techniques, this study aims to provide valuable insights into identifying suitable area for urban development and facilitating valuable insights into identifying suitable area for urban expansion and opening doors for informed decision making by planner and policy makers. By studying factors such as existing infrastructure which include land cover, population density, flood sensitivity, slope, digital elevation model (DEM), road network and proximity to brick factory, land fill site the study identified suitable areas for urban development in Lalitpur District. We divided the study area into four suitability classes: highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable. From our case study we found out that the highly suitable regions are typically flat, have low population densities, areas close to infrastructure, far away from landfill site, flood region and brick factory. Moderate suitable areas are typically hilly, have higher population densities, and areas farther from infrastructure. Marginal suitable areas are in floodplains, have steep slopes, and are near to industrial areas. Not suitable areas are too steep, highly prone to flood, too close to industrial areas, and have high population density. The findings of the analysis emphasize the importance of considering environmental factors in land use planning and urban development. It highlights the need to preserve green spaces, protect water bodies, and ensure the long-term well-being of residents. The results provide valuable insights for decision-makers and urban planners, enabling them to make informed decisions and allocate resources effectively.
Principal component analysis of containership traffic in the Black Sea
Authors:   Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering (CENTEC), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Garbatov Yordan , Georgiev Petar
Published: August 2023

A novel quantitative analysis employing the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of containership traffic in the Black Sea from 2018 to 2021 is performed. The study uses a matrix covering five ship size classes from A to E for four years of operation, from 2018 to 2021, accounting for ship traffic, CO2, fuel consumption (FC), shipping intensity, and eco and traffic efficiency. Only the first two principal factors are analysed because of their total variation weight. Shipping intensity, FC intensity, and CO2 intensity plays a significant role in the first factor, while Eco efficiency, FC efficiency, and Traffic efficiency are considered for the second factor. Notably, the set of parameters pertains to time and is strongly associated with DWT. Two principal components were identified, F1 and F2, where F1 integrates efficiency and intensity. At the same time, F2 separates the intensity from the efficiency conditional on the ship size and the year of operations. In the principal component F1 the activities of ships A and C differ from B, D and E, separating more efficiently from less efficiently used ships, and in F2, the activities of class sizes of ships C and D and E contrast A and B ships, distinguishing the big-size class ships from small ones. It was concluded that the most intensively used ships are the ship size classes C and D, and the most efficient are ship size classes A and B. The most intensive use of the ships was in 2020, followed by 2021, and the most efficient were in 2018, 2019. Based on the ship activities and using the Within-class variance, ships are grouped into two clusters of similar activities, where the first one, with lower variance and more homogeneous, includes only the ship size class A. The second one with a relatively large variance consists of the rest size of the ships. Linear relationships considering the intensity and efficiency are derived as a function of the main variables, where the factor loading represents the variable’s coefficient, given as a relative weight to any factor.
Anomaly Awareness
Authors: Khosa Charanjit Kaur , Sanz Veronica
Published: August 2023

We present a new algorithm for anomaly detection called Anomaly Awareness. The algorithm learns about normal events while being made aware of the anomalies through a modification of the cost function. We show how this method works in different Particle Physics situations and in standard Computer Vision tasks. For example, we apply the method to images from a Fat Jet topology generated by Standard Model Top and QCD events, and test it against an array of new physics scenarios, including Higgs production with EFT effects and resonances decaying into two, three or four subjets. We find that the algorithm is effective identifying anomalies not seen before, and becomes robust as we make it aware of a varied-enough set of anomalies.
EXPLORING THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE: THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT, ITS IMPACT IN TODAYS WORLD
Authors: Deepta Saha Soumya
Published: August 2023

The Human Genome Projects (HGP) conclusion altered a number of disciplines, including biotechnology, genetics, medicine, and forensics. Key outcomes included personalised medicine, gene therapy, and enhanced DNA profiling. The HGP increased our knowledge of hereditary illnesses and shed light on human evolution. The privacy of genetic information and the ethical application of knowledge were raised. The management and analysis of genomic data require the use of bioinformatics. The future of genetics and biology will be shaped by the HGPs substantial effects on healthcare, innovation, and the economy. In vitro fertilisation and preimplantation genetic diagnosis are two reproductive technology developments made possible by the HGP. Also, it sparked the creation of focused treatments for genetic diseases, completely altering the range of patient treatment options. These advancements have led to a new era of precision medicine and personalised healthcare, in addition to improving patient outcomes.
SYNTHESIS AND ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF 4-THIAZOLIDINONE ANALOGUES OF 2-AMINO-5-CHLOROPYRIDINE
Authors:   Head of Department, KFs Jaywant Institute of Pharmacy Wathar, Karad, Maharashtra, India., Patil C.D. , Bhandare P.S. ,   Assistant Professor,Department of Pharmacology, KCTs Krishna College of Pharmacy Malkapur, Karad Maharashtra, India.
Published: August 2023

The synthesis of 4-thiazolidinones of 2-amino-5-chloropyridine was performed by novel method of stirring involving the cyclocondensation of the appropriate Schiffs bases (2aâ€“c) with thioglycolic acid, followed by the addition of zinc chloride in the presence of molecular sieves. Characterization of the synthesized compounds, determination of purity and identity of the compounds using following spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques- Solubility,Thin Layer Chromatographic studies, Ultra-Violet studies,Rotational and vibrational studies (FT-IR), 1H-NMR studies. The compounds were investigated for their Anticonvulsant activity by isoniazid induced convulsions in mice model.Compound3-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl) thiazolidin-4-one(3c)was found to be the most activeand compound 3-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl) thiazolidin-4-one (3a) was found to be less active among the tested compound according to pharmacological evaluation exhibited anticonvulsant activity.
LEVEL OF BURNOUT AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONG PROGRAM PHYSICIANS OF DIFFERENT SPECIALTIES IN MAKKAH CITY2023
Authors:   Preventive Medicine Resident, Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine Program, Makkah Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia., A. Hariri Mawdda , H. Saleem Hossam ,   Preventive Medicine Resident, Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine Program, Makkah Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia., a Salman ,   Preventive Medicine Consultant, Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine Program, Makkah Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Burnout is a major problem that affect most of the residents and health care providers silently resulting in low level of satisfaction. Prior studies done in Saudi Arabia for the prevalence of burnout among programs residents in different regions, none of them was done in Makkah city. This study focuses on burnout among residents in postgraduate training Among different specialties, which can be stressful both physically and psychologically. Methodology: It is an analytical cross-sectional study data was collected by questionnaire. Calculation of sample size was done by Raosoft website. SPSS version 26 is used for data analysis. Results: The study included 282 program physicians in Makkah City. Results showed that 52.8% were female. Working hours per week varied, with 26.6% working less than 48 hours and 8.2% working more than 144 hours. 21.6% expressed a neutral opinion about their specialty, while 65.6% reported being satisfied. Among the participants, 29.8% had a low level of burnout, 27.7% had a moderate level, and 42.6% had a high level of burnout based on the total MBI scores. Factors associated with high-level burnout included maintaining an unhealthy lifestyle, being neutral or satisfied with the specialty, desiring to change the specialty, having fewer shifts per month, and working longer hours per week. Age, gender, marital status, and years of practice as a GP did not show significant associations with high-level burnout. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the prevalence of burnout and its determinants among program physicians in Makkah City. The findings underscore the significance of addressing burnout as a pressing concern within the healthcare profession. Interventions targeting workload management, career satisfaction, healthy lifestyle promotion, and specialty-specific support may be crucial in mitigating burnout and enhancing the well-being of physicians. Further research is warranted to explore additional factors contributing to burnout and to develop comprehensive interventions tailored to the specific needs of physicians in different specialties and stages of their careers.
Wind pressure distribution variation law and interference effect of heliostats
Authors: Li Xuan , Jiang Anmin , Dong Yanchen , Xiong Qiwei , Wang Feifei
Published: August 2023

The heliostat is different from the ordinary low building because of the special shape of the heliostat. The wind tunnel pressure test is carried out the model of heliostats in the range of azimuth angles are between 0° to 180° and the range of elevation angles are between 0° to 90. The wind pressure time history of each measuring point on the mirror panel are obtained. On this basis, the mean wind pressure distribution of the mirror panel under typical working conditions is obtained, and then the maximum (minimum) value of the mean wind pressure under all working conditions and corresponding working conditions and measuring points are obtained. Then 10 representative measuring points are selected to study the variation law of wind pressure with wind direction angle and pitch angle respectively, and then the variation law of the mean wind pressure of 10 measuring points under all working conditions is obtained. Finally, the interference effect of the mean wind pressure of heliostats is studied, and the variation law of the interference effect of the mean wind pressure is obtained, and the maximum value, minimum value and corresponding working conditions of the interference effect are obtained. The results show that the maximum value of the mean wind pressure of heliostats under all working conditions is appeared at the measurement point of the lower edge of the mirror panel and on working condition 15-60 (wind direction angle - elevation angle), and the minimum value is appeared at the measurement point of the upper left corner of the mirror panel and on working condition 150-20. The variation law of the mean wind pressure of 10 measuring points under all working conditions is similar, and the position of measuring points has little effect on the variation law of the mean wind pressure under all working conditions. Only the working condition of the maximum value and minimum value are affected by the position of the measuring points. The mean wind pressure distribution under the most unfavorable working condition of heliostats is obtained, the maximum (minimum) value of the interference effect and corresponding working conditions are obtained. Which can be a reference for structural design and research.
The US humanitarian policy in the Middle East in promoting “rules-based” world order
Authors:   Moscow Metropolitan Governance University named after Yu. M. Luzhkov, Velikaya Anna ,   National Research Institute of Communication Development, Nevmerzhickij Aleksandr ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Slokvenko Tatiana ,   Central Sports Army Club
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this article is to study the evolution, current state and prospects for the development of US humanitarian policy in the Middle East in accordance with US regional priorities. It notes that humanitarian policy is a key tool for advancing US foreign policy and economic priorities. While it appears to be a value orientation for external audiences, in fact it relies on intertwined political and military-strategic aspects to advance the American concept of world order. The paper outlines the growing importance of humanitarian policy: from a narrow understanding as a crisis response to defining it as one of the main foreign policy instruments. The interrelation of political and military-strategic factors influencing the development of the US humanitarian policy in the Middle East is revealed. Based on the analysis of the essence and content of the concept of humanitarian policy, the trends in the development of the regional humanitarian policy of the United States for the future are presented. It is concluded that the American economic system and high technologies are attractive to the Middle Eastern audience, but the “rules-based world order” promoted by the United States through the created crises is not so positively perceived by it. The US humanitarian policy in the region is able to adapt to the changing imperatives of the time, but at the moment it is not capable of rethinking the changing international status of the United States in the emerging polycentric system of the world order. The methodological basis of the research is the method of system analysis, as well as the synthesis of information contained in official documents, scientific, reference and periodical literature on the topic under study and their generalization based on personal experience of theoretical and practical work in the field of humanitarian cooperation.
Digital diplomacy of USA and China in the era of datalization
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kuznetsov Nikita , Liang Fushu ,   D & C Think Institute
Published: August 2023

Among the numerous discourses on US-China relations in recent years, issues of the influence of digital international relations (which include such areas as digital/data diplomacy, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence (AI) development, and the influence of information projects in social networks) are rarely given explicit consideration. At the same time, all these elements have come under the pressure of datalization and takes a big pleasure on the place of states in the world politics. This article reveals the phenomenon of one the most important element of digital international relations — digital diplomacy of the USA and China — and focuses on the political and academic discourses about this foreign policy instrument in these countries. The first part of the study presents academic discourses on digital diplomacy of Chinese and American experts, provides characteristics of PRC and US digital diplomacy, trends and role in bilateral relations. The second part of the article reflects the existing strategies and projects in Chinese and American digital diplomacy in relation to each other. The authors stated that digital diplomacy evolved from just an instrument of international information broadcasting to the full-fledged foreign policy mechanism which already has visible elements, structural connections and an evolutionary path of development with difficult methodology and institutional regulation, covering the issues of public diplomacy and cybersecurity, and which is the main instrument of the new ideological and economic confrontation of two powers.
Gender attitudes of immigrants in Russia (on the example of concepts of equal educational opportunities)
Authors:   Institute of Sociology — Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Endryushko Anna A.
Published: August 2023

Attitudes towards gender equality have significant differences in different countries of the world. These differences are especially felt in migratory movements, when people are faced with different gender regimes. This article is devoted to the study of ideas about gender equality of immigrants from post-Soviet countries in Russia, as well as their comparison with similar attitudes of Russians. The empirical basis of the study was a survey of immigrants from the CIS countries, Ukraine and Georgia (autumn 2020, 700 respondents). Data on Russians is taken from the seventh wave of the World Values Survey (2017, 1810 respondents). Despite the common historical past, the gender attitudes of immigrants and Russians differ — the former more often agree with the thesis that higher education is more important for a boy than for a girl. Predictors of influence on gender attitudes were identified. For Russians, gender, position in the labor market and the number of children turned out to be significant. For immigrants, predictors of patriarchal gender perceptions were older age, lower levels of education, and adherence to the Muslim religion. An extended regression model for immigrants also led to the conclusion that it is not the length of time migrants live in the host country that affects the transformation of their gender attitudes, but the intention to connect their lives with Russia, the formation of an all-Russian identity (a sense of community with the citizens of the Russian Federation). At the same time, the position of Russia as a country that has not overcome the problem of gender inequality (50th place in the world ranking), coupled with the patriarchal ideas of some Russians, may allow immigrants not to rush to revise their own gender attitudes.
Methodological antinomies of Pitirim Sorokin’s Sociology of Revolution: Toward the publication of selected German reviews of the book (1925–1929)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Golovin Nikolay A.
Published: August 2023

Four reviews published in Russian for the first time are by H.Mauter (Cologne, 1889–1964), E.Jenny (Berlin, 1872–1939), N.N.Bubnoff (Heidelberg, 1880–1962), A.Meuisel (Aachen, 1896–1960) on the book “The Sociology of Revolution” (1925, German edition, 1928) by the Russian-American sociologist P.A. Sorokin (1889–1968) provide a theoretical context that allows us to trace some significant changes in the methodology of Sorokin’s sociology from moderate behaviorism towards the formation of an integral logico-meaningful method of analyzing the dynamics of social and cultural systems and creating the conceptual foundations of social systems theory. They differ from the American reactions to the book by discussing fundamental methodological problems of social theory: stability and dynamics of social systems, ensuring their stability and equilibrium. The reviews contrast the behaviorist content of the concepts of revolution and reaction in Sorokin’s work with the significance of these concepts in political theory and the sociology of politics. The question of the objectivity of Sorokin’s study of revolution, taking into account his moral assessments of the behavioral phenomena of revolutionary events in Russia, is discussed in the context of the methodological requirement of German sociologist Max Weber to reject political evaluations of social processes and phenomena. The paper substantiates the possibility of developing a general sociological theory of revolution and the significance of Sorokin’s study in relation to this issue, taking into account the difference between sociological and historical approaches to the subject. It is proved that German reviews published in leading professional journals of interwar Germany had some influence on the change in the methodology of Sorokin’s sociology.
Ancient Chinese Ideas about the World of Dead Huangquan (According to Pre-Han and Han Texts)
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Isachenkova Marina A.
Published: August 2023

It is generally accepted that developed ideas about the World of Dead appear among the Chinese with the spread of Buddhism. Nevertheless, based on the data of material and spiritual culture, it can be assumed that already in the Paleolithic and, especially, in the Neolithic on the territory of Ancient China, there were a number of more or less developed models of the afterlife. One of its oldest names, recorded by written Chinese monuments, is 黄泉 Huangquan, the literal meaning of which is ‘Yellow Wellspring’. The character 泉 quan means the water flowing in a mountain cave or grotto, coming out at the base of the mountain. Its meaning is consistent with the religious ideas of different peoples: the archetype of the mountain is known as the place of birth and departure of ancestors, a tunnel connecting the worlds of the living and the dead; water as a boundary separating these worlds is also a universal motif of the World Culture. The semantics of the yellow color of the Chinese Hades can also be reconstructed by analyzing the sign 黃 huang. The pictogram depicts a man with a large swollen belly. Additional information from written monuments suggests that the yellow color was originally associated with illness and death, and by coincidence with the color of the earth, where the dead “went”, it began to determine the “border” wellspring. After the death of a person, the soul 魄 po in the form of 鬼 gui goes to the underworld of the ancestors — the place from which it appeared at the time of birth. According to the author, this knowledge is connected with the tradition of the center (Yellow River basin). An analysis of the texts of the pre-Han and Han periods makes it possible to conclude that Huangquan was understood as: 1) a designation of the end of a person’s life; 2) a designation of the lower limit in the vertical World Model; 3) a sacred place where 氣 qi is stored — the birth and death of ten thousand things.
City as an Art Space in Modern Arabic Prose
Authors:   MGIMO University, Shuyskaya Natalia M. , Jakovenko Ella V. ,   MGIMO University
Published: August 2023

To study the stated topic, we considered it appropriate to draw on the textual material of two works of modern Arabic-language literature in the genre of the novel, written by masters of the word, well-known not only to the reading audience of the Arab countries, but also foreign ones. These are “Frankenstein in Baghdad” (2013) by Iraqi writer ’Ahmad Sa‘adawi and “Incredible novel. Damascus Mosaic” (1997) by the Syrian-Lebanese writer Gada as-Samman. The text of “Frankenstein…” will be studied most fully, the other novel — in part. Exploring the question of how artistic space is depicted in modern Arabic-language prose, the authors of the article point out that the theme of space and time has not gone out of sight of scientists and thinkers for more than one hundred years. Representatives of various sciences, including philologists, show interest in it. The contribution to the development of this topic by M. M. Bakhtin, Yu. M. Lotman and others. Attention is drawn to a large arsenal of terms and concepts used by philologists in its study. The novel by ’Ahmad Sa‘adawi, who became the winner of the “Arab Booker” in 2014, the authors made the subject of particularly close attention. The artistic space in it is depicted most voluminously — in its toponymic, color, acoustic, odor characteristics, which allows the reader to create a visible image of the environment where the characters live and act, as well as get an idea of the situation not only in the described locus — Baghdad, but also in the country as a whole, and at a critical period in its history. The textual material of the novel G. as-Samman considered from the point of view of the locus-character correlation, deepens and clarifies the reader’s and philological understanding of the artistic space. It is concluded that modern Arabic writers pay considerable attention to the image of artistic space, use its various references, due to which this image appears capacious and realistic. This achieves the goal of the masters of the artistic word — to convey the truth about their country and its people, to draw attention to the tragedy of their current situation.
India and China in South Asia: Struggle for Political and Economic Influence in the Region
Authors:   MGIMO University, Galistcheva Natalia V. , Reshchikova Maria S. ,   MGIMO University
Published: August 2023

The article analyses India’s and China’s policy in South Asia, as well as key elements of their interaction with the regional states from the perspective of competition between the two Asian giants for regional leadership and influence in the South Asian countries. It is emphasized that nowadays China is pursuing active policy regarding South Asia. China develops trade and investment ties with the countries of the region, military cooperation, infrastructural projects, participates in the peace process in Afghanistan. The article pays particular attention to the recent events caused by the global coronavirus pandemic and the efforts made by India and China in order to fight the consequences of the spread of the disease, restore the broken connections and benefit from the situation for strengthening cooperation with the South Asian countries. It is pointed out that such Chinese activities in South Asia are of serious concern to India, and they are regarded as a threat to the national security. Due to its financial investment to the economies of the regional states, China not only displaces India from the territories of its traditional influence, but also gets various advantages and benefits in these countries, as well as access to strategic resources and assets. India is seeking to revive and strengthen its positions in South Asia, but it is difficult for it to rival with China’s huge economy, and regarding presence in the region and influence on the politics and economy of South Asia, India loses to China by many measures.
Symbol Trees as a Reflection of the National Mentality Arab Peoples
Authors:   MGIMO University, Kukhareva Elena V.
Published: August 2023

Man is a part of nature. And as an integral part of it, he lives and interacts with its other creations — plants and animals, mountains, rivers and seas, deserts, steppes. Depending on the conditions of the environment and, in this regard, the main forms and type of activity, a person identifies those natural objects on which his well-being, and sometimes his very existence, depends most of all. In this sense, the plant and animal world is the most important part of nature, from which he draws everything necessary for his life. Plants and animals give people food, shelter, clothing, medicines, protection and aesthetic pleasure. But among all the diversity of plant and animal species, each national culture chooses only some that become its national symbol, personifying the most important features for this people. For the Arab-Muslim society, palm, olive, coffee became such symbols, and for a single country — Lebanon — cedar. The article is devoted to some of them in the light of the traditions and customs of the Arabs, their folklore, religious beliefs based on myths, fairy tales, proverbs, sayings and other works. The two most widespread trees in the Arab world are represented most fully and at all levels of national consciousness — religious, poetic, folklore. These are palm and olive trees. They are not only repeatedly found in sacred texts and various legends. These plants, about which there are also many proverbs, sayings and phraseological units, have become expressions of Arab ideas about the most essential qualities and values that play a primary role in the life of Arab society. In cross-cultural communication, knowledge of such material and its skillful use can contribute to the establishment of close friendly contacts and the establishment of communication.
The Christian letter by Lucius (P. Mich. inv. 5594)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Ermolaeva Elena L.
Published: August 2023

This article offers a transcription and translation, as well as a commentary, on P. Mich. inv. 5594. The papyrus is believed to date from the fourth century A. D. The origin and provenance of it are unknown. The papyrus is damaged in some places, so lacunae in the text or poorly readable places are restored in accordance with the formulas and word usage on the papyri, which is always explained in the commentary. The beginning of the papyrus has been lost but the formulas at the end of it (Ἀσπάσῃ κατ̣’ [ὀνό]ματα… καὶ ἔ̣ρ̣ρωσό μοι) and address on the verso of the papyrus indicate that it is obviously a private letter in which a certain Lucius writes to Plution. The Nomina Sacra (θ(εο)ῦ ἐν κ(υρί)ῳ; κ(ύρι)ος) regularly repeated in this letter suggest that it was written by a Christian to a Christian. The context of the letter and the definitions pertaining to Plutio on the verso (πρεσβύτερος καὶ ὁμολογητής) suggest that the relationship between Lucius and Plutio is that of a dependent and his patron where the Lucius is being supported by a superior in age or status. As is often the case, a scrap of letter details only a moment in someone’s life, leaving us only to speculate on the context and the whole picture.
On the origin and the structure of Latin medical adjectives of the coccygeus type
Authors:   La Asociación Española de Profesionales de Lengua y Cultura Rusas (AEPRU), Ronzhin Vladislav A.
Published: August 2023

This paper concerns the issue of the length of vowel e in the final -eus of the Latin medical terminological adjectives of coccygeus type. These adjectives are not associated with ancient Latin nouns and do not have a digraphic combination in the Greek prototype at the junction of the noun base and the adjective suffix: anconeus, coccygeus, laryngeus, phalangeus, pharyngeus. The lexemes were created by anatomists between the 16th and 18th centuries, mostly by Jean Riolan the Younger, James Douglas, William Cheselden, Christian H. T. Schreger. The spelling of these words with the final -.us in the work by Douglas in 1707 was a failed (and faulty) attempt to unify the spelling of Latin medical adjectives with a final -eus. The next try belonged to Cheselden (1713): he writes these lexemes with the final -eus. The artificial origin, the presence of two variants of the spelling (-.us and -eus) and of an identical in spelling Latin morpheme (-ĕus), and the simplification of spelling of Latin medical terms are the reasons why different variants of the appearance of the Latin adjectives of coccygeus type exist: with finals -aeus, -ēus, -ĕus. At the same time, an original Latinized Greek adjective existed — coccygius (from κοκκύγιος, used by Pausanias). The author suggests changing the nomenclature spelling of the adjectives of coccygeus type, bringing them in line with the historical “living” appearance: anconius, coccygius, laryngius, phalangius, and pharyngius. Until this change is carried out, it is recommended to consider ⟨e⟩ in the final -eus as a short vowel stressing the antepenultimate syllable.
The Latin сorrespondence between F. E. Korsch and G. E. Saenger
Authors:   А. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shumilin Mikhail V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration,   HSE University, Reznichenko Egor A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2023

This paper is a publication of the Latin correspondence between two prominent classical philologists of the late 19th — early 20th centuries, Fyodor E. Korsch and Grigory E. Saenger. Being only a part of their epistolary legacy, it is of undisputable interest both for the history of classical education in Russia and for the history of philological scholarship. The publication includes personal letters and letters discussing textual problems of various works of ancient literature. The Latin correspondence, which is not a voluminous part of the entire academic correspondence of these two authors, is mostly located in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), while separate letters have also been preserved in the Russian State Library (Moscow) and the National Library of Russia (Saint Petersburg). In the correspondence, the two scholars discuss general issues of philological studies and ancient culture, as well as some practical issues related to their professional activities. A prominent place is occupied by the letters in which they discuss possible conjectures to the poetic response of Emperor Hadrian to the poet Florus, as well as to Virgil’s Aeneid and the works of Horace. A significant feature of this correspondence is that some of the letters are in verse, and both Korsch and Saenger were certainly among the best masters of Latin versification of their time in the Russian Empire. For letters in Latin, paper of a smaller format was chosen (generally postcards). All materials are published for the first time. Brief footnotes are offered for each letter allowing a reader to have a more comprehensive understanding of both the specific features of the correspondence and the personalities and issues that are mentioned in them.
Spatiotemporal trend analysis of climate indices for the European continent
Authors: Doshi Smit Chetan , Lohmann Gerrit , Rimbu Norel , Ionita Monica
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study is to analyze and visualize the spatial distribution of trends for 74 climate indices on a monthly time-scale in direction, magnitude, and significance level at a resolution of 0.1° during the period of 1950–2021 over the European region. The Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope estimators reveal that growing degree days with mean air temperature >4 °C (gd4) and heating degree days with mean air temperature <17 °C (hd17) show the largest increase (0.93 °C August) and decrease (1.03 °C July), respectively. The universal thermal climate index (utci), relative humidity (rh), wind chill index (wci), global radiation (bio20), and potential evapotranspiration (pet) are of significant importance due to higher correlation and magnitude of change. Country-specific zoning shows the highest warmer days during August experienced by Bosnia and Herzegovina (southeastern Europe) and lower colder days during January by Belarus (eastern Europe). High wind and high utci were experienced by Liechtenstein (southeastern Europe) region during July. The highest wci was experienced by San Marino (southern Europe) in June and Portugal (southern Europe) in March. Bio20 and rh decline were experienced by Russia (eastern Europe) and Moldova (southeastern Europe) in May and September, respectively. Results are useful to mitigate the risk associated with each of the climate indices for specific European regions.
Influencing Companies’ Green Governance Through the System of Legal Liability for Environmental Infractions in China and Brazil: Lighting the Way Toward BRICS Cooperation
Authors: Wei D. , Rafael A. P.
Published: August 2023

As a platform of cooperation among its member states, questions of whether or how the BRICS alliance can inﬂuence and shape the global governance system and improve their internal governance systems have often been raised. In the process of exploring the role that the law can play in this context, comparative studies on the laws of the BRICS member states, particularly in the deﬁned areas of cooperation, are an important perspective to be addressed in order to be able to contribute to the improvement of their internal governance systems. However, much work remains to be done on this perspective. This article partially ﬁlls this gap by conducting a comparative study related to one of the BRICS areas of cooperation – sustainable development – between two of its members: China and Brazil. Speciﬁcally, it compares how both states, as stakeholders, use the legal regime of liability for environmental infractions to inﬂuence the green governance of companies. The article, therefore, uses comparative legal methodology, using as its objects of research relevant legal provisions on legal liability for environmental infractions gathered from the legal systems of China and Brazil. The adoption of strict civil liability, liability for environmental damages per se and the extension of criminal liability to legal persons are among the similarities found. As for the diﬀerences, it ﬁnds that, as a principle, Chinese law shields directors and senior oﬃcers from liability toward third parties, while Brazilian law fully extends such liability to these entities; additionally, in the Chinese legal system, the burden of disproving causality between the harm and the activity that caused it falls upon the actor, while the Brazilian legal system adopts a double-standard approach for collective suits and individual suits; and ﬁnally, the Chinese law imposes a legal obligation to adopt what, in eﬀect, is close to a corporate environmental management system, while the Brazilian legal system lacks a similar mandate.
gestación sustituta ante las prestaciones por maternidad
Authors: Reckziegel Janaína , Alvarez Escudero Rommy , Cobos Campos Amalia Patricia
Published: August 2023

Las técnicas de reproducción asistida son el resultado de los avances tecnológicos en el área de la medicina reproductiva. De todas las técnicas1 existentes, el presente artículo analiza la gestación por sustitución, conocida popularmente como alquiler de vientre. Sus particularidades dan vida a tres tipos de madre: la madre que alimenta el deseo de procreación, la madre donante de gametos y la madre receptora de embriones, que dará a luz. Derivado de lo anterior, se crea un callejón sin salida con respecto de la prestación de la seguridad social llamada subsidio por maternidad, toda vez que es muy complejo determinar a quién corresponde dicha prestación, vista la existencia de tres madres. En consecuencia, el objetivo del presente artículo se centra en determinar el derecho de la madre (o padre, soltero u homosexual) que concibe a su hijo mediante la gestación por sustitución a percibir el salario de maternidad en Brasil, México y Chile. La metodología empleada parte del método de derecho comparado; asimismo, se utiliza la hermenéutica y la epistemología jurídicas. Como técnica principal se usa la revisión de literatura, legislación y jurisprudencia, que permite concluir que los sistemas jurídicos de Brasil, Chile y México carecen de una normatividad adecuada para el tema en estudio, por lo que dejan a la jurisprudencia y a la doctrina solventar las lagunas normativas utilizando, en consecuencia, las fuentes del derecho, en especial la analogía y los principios generales del derecho. En el caso de México es de resaltarse que incluso la jurisprudencia es muy precaria en esta materia. En consecuencia, se estima necesario corregir esta importante omisión legislativa a efecto de garantizar la salvaguarda de los derechos humanos y dar seguridad jurídica a quienes intervienen en la gestación por sustitución, en particular en lo que atañe a sus derechos derivados de la maternidad.
trayectos de la corporalidad
Authors: Vacas Mora Víctor
Published: August 2023

En el presente texto se propone una revisión histórica de los planteamientos filosófico-académicos acerca del cuerpo, organizando de manera cronológica las miradas sobre éste y los progresivos cambios en la forma de conceptualizarlo y trabajarlo desde las ciencias sociales. El camino invita a una síntesis y reflexión a partir de la bibliografía existente, en el que no sólo se ofrece una visión histórica de las ideas acerca del cuerpo (y lo corporal), sino también se contrastan las actuales líneas de debate. En este sentido, el artículo contribuye a la construcción de un basamento y a la provisión de un marco teórico-metodológico temporal para aquellas personas interesadas en el tema. Si bien quedan fuera las aproximaciones más recientes, herederas de lo aquí expuesto, se concluye que el cuerpo, en su resituación actual, se presenta como un elemento clave en las teorías y los modelos explicativos de la realidad sociocultural, la agencia social y fundación del sí-mismo.
Panoramas de nuestra voz
Authors: Guillén Ortiz Adriana
Published: August 2023

En este artículo se intenta crear un panorama de corte historiográfico sobre investigadores y obras que han contribuido a la conformación de los estudios de tradición oral desde inicios del siglo XX hasta nuestros días en México, Argentina, Chile, Perú, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Centroamérica. La relación que se muestra a continuación da cuenta de la multidisciplinariedad metodológica como una constante en dichos países. Así, se ofrece una breve genealogía en torno a las investigaciones que han sido la base de los estudios de tradición oral contemporáneos.
Metabolic Changes of Active Components of Important Medicinal Plants on the basis
of Traditional Chinese Medicine under Different Environmental Stresses
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Kuang Yue , Cui Haoran , Fu Lan , Sun Wenli
Published: August 2023

Traditional Chinese medicine is an ancient system of wellness and health that has
been used in almost all countries of the world, specially in Asia for thousands of years.

:

The growth, development, final yield and chemical compounds of medicinal plants can be
negatively influenced by different kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses. Abiotic stress signals
are chemical stress (Mineral salts, heavy metal, aerosols, gaseous toxins, pesticides, and pollutants),
salinity (salt), temperature (Heat, cold), radiation (Ionisation radiation, light and UV),
water (Flooding, drought) and mechanical stress (Submergence, wind, soil movement). Relevant
literature has been obtained using the keywords “Traditional Chinese Medicine”, “Abiotic
Stress”, “Biotic Stress”, “Ginseng”, “Ginger”, “Goji berry”, “Astragalus”, “Ginkgo”, “Artemisia
annua L.”, “LC-MS”, “GC-MS”, and “NMR” in scientific information, namely “Web
of Science”, “PubMed”, “SciFinder”, and “Elsevier”. Some of the plants’ secondary metabolites under different
growth conditions are Camptothecin (Camptotheca acuminata), Capsaicin (Capsicum sp.), Rosmarinic acid (Salvia
miltiorrhiza), Codeine (Papaver somniferum), Resveratrol (Grapes, groundnut), Artemisinin (Artemesia annua),
Allicin (Allium sativum), Rohitukine (Dysoxylum binectariferum), Stevioside (Stevia rebaudiana), Andrographolide
(Andrographis paniculata), Saikosaponins (Bupleurum chinense), Sennosides (Cassia augustifolia),
Rutin (Dimorphandra mollis), Valepotriates (Valeria species), Indole alkaloids (Catharanthus roseous), and
Furanocoumarins (Bituminaria bituminosa).

:

The aim of this article is a survey of active chemical compounds and metabolic changes of some of the most important
medicinal plants in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in both abiotic and biotic stresses.

:

Future research is needed to evaluate the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on chemical compounds and active
metabolites of medicinal plants specially traditional Chinese medicine, and more surveys on the roles of LC-MS,
GC-MS and NMR techniques for a better understanding of chemical components of medicinal plants.