bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Puntos críticos de control en una planta de beneficio animal de Villavicencio-Meta
Authors: Murillo Poveda César Augusto , Hernández Martínez María Cristina
Published: July 2021

El programa de análisis de peligros y puntos críticos de control (HACCP), es un proceso sistemático que se aplica para garantizar la inocuidad y calidad de los alimentos, y a su vez, funciona como un sistema de seguridad que se basa en la prevención de riesgos mediante el análisis de los procesos de producción, definiendo los posibles peligros y estableciendo los puntos de control crítico para evitar que lleguen al cliente alimentos no seguros. La norma ISO 22000 es un estándar internacional certificable, que especifica los requisitos para un Sistema de Seguridad Alimentaria, mediante la incorporación de todos los elementos de las Buenas Prácticas de Fabricación (GMP) y el HACCP, junto a un sistema de gestión adecuado, que permite a la organización, demostrar que los productos que suministra cumplen con las exigencias de sus clientes, así como con los reglamentos que son aplicados para la seguridad alimentaria. La norma ISO y el sistema HACCPP poseen un enfoque formalizado para asegurar la calidad de los alimentos ayudando a las empresas a demostrar su compromiso por satisfacer las exigencias de la legislación y de los clientes; la implementación de esta normatividad en una planta de beneficio animal ubicada en Villavicencio, Colombia, que ofrece sus productos finales, teniendo en cuenta: las propiedades físico-químicas de la carne, procesos de maduración, cuidados para prevenir el riesgo de contaminación con diversas sustancias a las que se ve expuesta la canal durante el faenado: grasa mecánica, pelos, médula espinal, piel, heces, contenido ruminal, esquirlas de sierra, arena, abscesos, residuos de medicamentos o vacunas. La plena identificación y corrección de las contaminaciones observadas contribuye a asegurar la calidad del producto que se entrega al consumidor, de tal forma que es importante que se preserve la imagen y la confianza del producto al satisfacer los requerimientos del mercado local, con una carne de excelente calidad, presentación e inocuidad que llega hasta el consumidor final. Una óptima identificación de los factores que alteran el proceso, permite implementar medidas correctivas, que al aplicarlas oportunamente aumentan la eficiencia del proceso, con lo cual se mejora las actividades de los operarios disminuyendo sus jornadas con adecuados intervalos de descanso, además lograr agilidad en los despachos de canales, para que a su vez otras áreas de la planta como desposte, lavado de vísceras y otras, posean la materia prima para procesar.
Pollos de engorde alimentados con harina de cayeno (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)
Authors: Roa Vega María Ligia
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo se llevó a cabo en Villavicencio Meta (Colombia), con el propósito de estudiar la inclusión de diferentes niveles de harina de Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HCA) (0, 5, 8 y 12%) en dietas completas para pollos de engorde, reemplazando en parte otros alimentos de uso tradicional, principalmente la harina de carne y torta de soya. El diseño estadístico que se utilizó fue uno completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos, tres replicaciones y 10 unidades experimentales en cada replicación (4 x 3 x 10 = 120 aves). Se evaluó el aumento de peso, consumo, conversión alimenticia, valor biológico de la proteína (VB), coeficiente de eficiencia proteica (CEP), digestibilidad de la fibra en detergente neutro (FDN) y rendimiento en canal. El mayor aumento de peso diario por ave (P<0.01) se observó en el tratamiento con 12% de cayeno, el cual fue 63.8 g, mientras que el consumo diario fue más elevado (P<0.01) en la dieta con 8% 152 g, siendo el más bajo en el del nivel 5% de HCA 119.6 g. Las conversiones fueron mejores (P<0.01) con el 5 y 12% de H. rosa-sinensis (2.22 y 2.29 respectivamente). Se presentó un incremento de la digestibilidad de la fibra detergente neutro (FDN) a medida que se elevaron los niveles de HCA en las dietas. El valor biológico más bajo (P<0.01) se observó en la dieta en la que no se incluyó HCA (65.35%), mientras que el rendimiento en canal fue mayor (P<0.01) para el tratamiento con 8% de HCA en comparación con los otros tres tratamientos. Se concluye que HCA se puede reemplazar en las dietas para pollos de engorde hasta en un 12%, puesto que no afectó negativamente las variables analizadas en este trabajo, y sí se observó un mejoramiento de las mismas proporcional a los niveles de incremento de esta arbustiva. Es de resaltar que las canales de las aves alimentadas con HCA, presentaron una coloración amarilla y mejor gustosidad en comparación con el testigo.
Harina de forrajes en la alimentación animal
Authors: Gutiérrez Castro Litsy , Güechá Castillo Andrea Yamily
Published: July 2021

En este documento se destaca la importancia de las especies arbóreas empleadas en la alimentación de animales de interés zootécnico, y cómo las diferentes alternativas de conservación permiten suministrar un alimento de excelente calidad nutricional en periodo de escasez. Como es sabido, la alimentación eficiente es uno de los aspectos más importantes en la producción animal, puesto que de ésta depende no solo el rendimiento zootécnico de los animales, sino también la rentabilidad económica del productor. Para brindar una buena dieta, se deben suministrar alimentos con la cantidad necesaria de nutrientes en las condiciones físicas óptimas para qué los mismos sean utilizados metabólicamente de forma eficiente, y así poder obtener el máximo rendimiento en la producción. El suministro del alimento en forma no convencional permite explorar nuevas alternativas que brinden alimentos de buena calidad. En la búsqueda de fuentes alimenticias de bajo costo en el trópico, se ha incluido la evaluación de follajes arbóreos por su alta disponibilidad; la utilización de harinas de follajes de plantas se ha considerado como opción para la sustitución parcial o total de proteína proveniente principalmente de granos y cereales para la alimentación animal, siendo en la actualidad una de las estrategias de mayor investigación, en donde al facilitar su inclusión en las dietas balanceadas de los animales, se convierte en una alternativa económica que permitirá sustituir en parte el uso de alimento concentrado comercial. Especies arbóreas como el matarratón (Gliricidia sepium), leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala), guacimo (Guazuma ulmifolia), cayeno (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) y morera (Morus alba) son de interés para el productor debido a su potencial de producción (21.93-30.6 ton/ha/MS).
Análisis financiero de una alternativa de suplementación sostenible en la ganadería Colombiana
Authors: Navarro Ortiz Cesar Augusto
Published: July 2021

En la primera parte del trabajo se presenta la situación actual de la ganadería en el país, y en la segunda se realiza un análisis financiero de una posible alternativa de suplementación sostenible en la producción, para lo cual se realizó una estructura de costos para posteriormente hacer el análisis financiero de la producción ganadera, haciendo una estimación y análisis de los costos de la implementación de un sistema de suplementación nutricional y sus consecuencias en la misma, es decir que además se analizó una estrategia para aumentar la competitividad de la ganadería en los llanos orientales. Se utilizó el valor presente neto (VPN) puesto que esta herramienta permite evaluar proyectos de inversión, determinando si la misma cumple con el objetivo básico financiero, el cual es maximizar la inversión, al tiempo que permite conocer si el proyecto es rentable. Se concluye que la suplementación nutricional en los sistemas ganaderos de levante y ceba es una tecnología viable con beneficios productivos y económicos, puesto que permite duplicar la ganancia de peso, pasando de 361 a 750 g/día, a la vez que se reduce el tiempo necesario para finalizar los animales. Además, bajo las condiciones del análisis, hacerlo con forraje verde hidropónico (FVH) tiene beneficios, puesto que permite duplicar el VPN pasando de COP$549.228.02 a COP$1.006.320.31, en la mitad del tiempo requerido, en comparación al caso de ceba sin suplementación nutricional (de 16.6 a 8.3 meses), lo cual influye directamente en el tiempo necesario para recuperar la inversión: 11.02 años en ceba sin suplemento a 2.07 suplementando con FVH. Por lo tanto, la suplementación con forraje verde hidropónico es una alternativa ambiental, económica y productivamente sostenible para mejorar la competitividad de la ganadería en Colombia, al tiempo que brinda la posibilidad de hacer lo mismo en otros procesos productivos de la ganadería tales como: calidad del suelo para el establecimiento de pasturas.
Buenas prácticas ganaderas en Tauramena, Colombia
Authors: Sanabria Parrado Yury Shirley
Published: July 2021

Las exigencias de la globalización han mostrado la importancia y necesidad de reconvertir la ganadería colombiana en sistemas de producción más competitivos, con una visión empresarial a largo plazo y una organización interna proyectada a satisfacer las necesidades de sus clientes. Como respuesta a las demandas de los mercados nacionales e internacionales Colombia ha iniciado un proceso de mejoramiento de los estándares sanitarios en la producción primaria de carne y leche bovina, dando paso a la implementación de buenas prácticas ganaderas (BPG); por parte de la administración municipal de Tauramena, Casanare se realizó el acompañamiento a los productores que estuvieron interesados en el programa, buscando acogerse a las nuevas tecnologías para producir carne y leche de excelente calidad protegiendo la salud de los consumidores, los trabajadores y los animales. El trabajo se realizó con la colaboración del Instituto de Fomento Agroempresarial de Tauramena (IFATA), dentro del marco del cumplimiento de la asistencia técnica pecuaria prestada por parte de la alcaldía municipal a los pequeños y medianos productores a quienes se les brinda la oportunidad de participar en actividades como: asistencia técnica, caracterización de predios, lista de chequeo, planes de mejora y sanitarios, rutas de aprendizaje, gira ganadera interna, escuela de campo agropecuarias (ECAS) y práctica de transformación de subproductos, se consolidó que los productores de carne son 387, quienes manejan razas cebuínas, la cantidad de predios dedicados a la producción lechera son 54 donde se utilizan las razas Girolando, Simmenthal y Pardo Suizo y el sistema doble propósito cuenta con un total de 170 que realizan esta tarea con animales de cruces de cebú, Holstein y Pardo Suizo. Se pudo concluir que la caracterización de los predios es una de las metas más importantes para la administración municipal puesto que la actividad permite conocer el estado actual del sector pecuario, y que además actualizaciones deben realizarse constantemente debido a la fluctuación de la actividad ganadera; en cuanto a los productores que hicieron parte del programa de BPG comprendieron que el mismo busca garantizar el bienestar de los animales y la producción inocua de los alimentos.
UNREGISTERED EMPLOYMENT IN THE LOCAL LABOUR MARKET: CASE STUDY OF PŁOCK
Authors: Szewczyk-Jarocka Mariola , Sawicka Janina , Nowacka Anna
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study is to present the opinions of local labour market participants regarding unregistered work that is performed by socially excluded people who are registered in the Labour Office in the city of Płock, Poland. The paper begins with a literature review of the theoretical issues and presents conclusions based on published studies and articles. This is followed by an empirical data analysis where the authors diagnose the causes, important advantages and disadvantages of unregistered work. The data includes the results of surveys that were distributed to 350 respondents: 195 received PAPI paper questionnaires and 155 people were surveyed using a CAWI questionnaire posted on the Internet (additionally, a campaign on Facebook) in 2018. The analyses includes the distribution of answers to the survey question together with verification of the statistical significance between the answers and specific variables, such as education, sex and age group.
Phytochemical Constituents and Antidiarrhoeal Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Maesobotrya barteri (Bush Cherry) Leaves in Albino Rats
Authors: Friday Ikekhide
Published: July 2021

Maesobotrya barteri, commonly known as bush cherry is used in orthodox medicine for the treatment of different ailments including diarrhoea. Hence, this study was designed to investigate the phytochemical compositions, acute toxicity (LD50) and the effect of ethanolic extract of Maesobotrya barteri leaves as an antidiarrhoeal agent. Castor oil was used to induce diarrhoea in albino rats. 500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg and 2000mg/kg extracts of M. barteri were used to protect the rats against castor oil induced diarrhoea. The quantitative phytochemical screening of M. barteri revealed the presence of flavonoids, Saponin, Phenol, alkaloid, oxalate and phytate at the concentrations of 101.06ug/g, 21.32ug/g, 7.42ug/g, 1.75ug/g, 1.50ug/g and 0.57ug/g respectively. No experimental animal used to determine the LD50 up to 5000mg/kg extract died. The result of the anti-diarrhoeal property of M. barteri after pretreatment with the extract showed a considerable dose – dependent decrease in the production of diarrhoeal faeces, reduced the rate of defecation and the onset of diarrhoea in albino rats. The inhibition of diarrhoea by the extract as shown in the result may be attributed to the high concentration of flavonoid present in the plant.
Awareness and Knowledge of Saudi Community about Cardiac Complications Resulting from Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Alghamdi Khalid , Almaliki Rinad , Almaliki Khaled , Alzahrani Waad , Malyani Rana , Samaran Yomna , Alzahrani Khames
Published: July 2021

Background: The misconceptions about thyroid disorders and the associated complications in many counties are a considerable concern. Thyroid disorders are amongst worldwide common endocrine disorders. Based on the World Health Organization, more than 190 million individuals have iodine deficiency disorders. Most importantly, hyperthyroidism alters the cardiovascular (CV) hemodynamic. Methods: A cross-sectional observational survey study that was carried out in Saudi Arabia using an online self-prepared questionnaire including socio-demographic data, disease manifestations, diagnosis, family history, and question regarding hyperthyroidism and CV complications. That was distributed, via a link to Google form, to the general public. Only completed surveys were included in the analysis. Data were represented in the form of frequencies (number of responders) and valid percentages for categorical variables. ANOVA test was utilized to compare means between different subgroups. All P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result: A total of 641 participants took part in this study and achieved a mean score of 4.7 (SD 1.5) of the total score obtainable regarding hyperthyroidism. Out of them, 51.3% did not perform thyroid hormones investigation or having family history of thyroid disorders (46.8%). Adequate knowledge was seen regarding the occurring of heart diseases as a complication of hyperthyroidism (80.5%) and preventing CV disease by treating hyperthyroidism (88.6%). 68.8% did not know which heart complications result from hyperthyroidism. There was a statistically significant relationship between the level of knowledge and age (p<0.001), sex (p=0.004), undergoing previous thyroid investigations (p=0.003) and being diagnosed with previous thyroid disease (p<0.001). Nationality and education had no significant effect on the knowledge level of the participants. Conclusion: In this study, the overall level of Knowledge about thyroid disorders in the community was limited. Better knowledge was found about CV complications of hyperthyroidism. Educational programs will have a positive influence of awareness on thyroid troubles and will help in early diagnosis of these disorders and prevent CV diseases.
Physiologic Change in Hypoglycemia in Diabetes Patients in Rajavithi Hospital Using Non-Invasive Hypoglycemic Warning Wearable Devices: A Pilot Study
Authors: Niramitmahapanya Sathit , Yotha Dararat
Published: July 2021

Background: Hypoglycemic events are serious side effects which can occur when intensive glycemic control is being used to prevent vascular complications in diabetic patients. A wearable device which warns of impending hypoglycemia may help to achieve better control of diabetes. Objective: To identify physiologic changes during hypoglycemic events in diabetic patients using a wearable device. Materials and Methods: This was a pilot study of 28 glycemic events from 10 participants who used wearable hypoglycemic devices with Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGMs) in order to confirm hypoglycemic events during the study period. Variations in skin body temperature, pulse rate and skin resistance were also analysed. Data from the wearable hypoglycemic devices were collected and compared with those from CGMs to find significant variables during the hypoglycemic events. Results: Decrement of body temperature (Min BT-Mode BT) was greater in the hypoglycemic event group (-1.73±2.07 compared to -0.07±0.51in the non-hypoglycemic event group). Increment of heart rate (Max HR-Mode HR) was also higher in the hypoglycemic event group at 30.57±22.08 compared to 13.79±20.04. Decrement of skin resistance (Min SR-Mode SR) was -50.89±44.95 in hypoglycemic event group compared to -7.47±22.60 in non-hypoglycemic event group. All these physiologic changes were statistically significant with p-values= 0.015, 0.046 and 0.002 respectively. Conclusion: This is the first time a scoring system for hypoglycemic response from wearable devices has been used in Rajavithi Hospital.
Sialoliths in Ipsilateral Bartholin`s and Wharton`s Duct: The First Clinical and Ultrasound Report
Authors: Nikulin Dmytro , Fesenko Ievgen , Cherniak Olha
Published: July 2021

Sialoliths in sublingual gland is the rarest condition among sialolithiasis in other major salivary glands. Only in 0.4 percent of cases the salivary stone notes in sublingual gland. In our English literature review we count 8 articles which describe sialoliths located within or around the sublingual glands. Nevertheless, in none of those cases a simultaneous sialolithiasis of the submandibular and sublingual gland was noted. Although in one case the authors described a sonogram of sialolith in the sublingual gland, the sonogram
of the gland and its ductal system was not presented. Here we present the first ever published clinical and ultrasound report of combined ductal sialolithiasis of sublingual and submandibular glands in a 78-yearold female. Also, Zhang et al`s classification of duct system patterns of the sublingual glands based on 60 cadaveric and 63 clinical cases is analyzed.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENGENDALIAN KAWASAN BANDUNG UTARA DALAM PEMBUATAN IMB DI KECAMATAN CIMENYAN
Authors: Ruskasih Oneng , Sari Deasy Sylvia , Dai Ratna Meisa
Published: July 2021

Implementasi kebijakan pengendalian Kawasan Bandung Utara disingkat (KBU) dalam pembuatan Izin Mendirikan Bangunan disingkat (IMB) belum terlaksana secara menyeluruh. Masih banyak warga belum mempunyai IMB di Kecamatan Cimenyan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui, mengkaji, menganalisis dan memahami secara mendalam tentang  implementasi kebijakan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat Nomor 2 Tahun 2016 yaitu tentang Pedoman  Pengendalian KBU. Metode implementasi kebijakan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara, dokumetasi dan observasi. Bagaimana implementasi kebijakan pengendalian KBU dalam pembuatan IMB di Kecamatan Cimenyan. Pemerintah Kabupaten perlu melaksanakan beberapa tindakan dalam pengendalian pembuatan IMB di Kecamatan Cimenyan. Adapun langkah-langkah yang dapat dilakukan adalah mengoptimalkan kinerja sumber daya manusia, penyediaan anggaran dan kerjasama antar pihak pemerintah, swasta dan masyarakat. Implementasi kebijakan akan terlaksana apabila sosialisasi tentang IMB secara menyeluruh. Faktor penyebab kesulitan warga karena perizinan harus melalui Pemerintah Provinsi sehingga mengakibatkan waktu yang cukup lama dalam pembuatan IMB. Akan lebih baik jika aturan pembuatan IMB dipermudah khusus pemohon IMB yang luas lahannya terbatas, melalui aturan yang dikeluarkan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten atau Pemerintah Provinsi.  The implementation of the control policy for the abbreviated North Bandung Area (KBU) in making the abbreviated Building Permit (IMB) has not been implemented comprehensively. There are still many residents who do not have an IMB in Cimenyan District. The purpose of the research is to find out, examine, analyze and understand in depth about the implementation of the West Java Provincial Government's policy Number 2 of 2016 which is about the KBU Control Guidelines. The policy implementation method uses a qualitative approach through interviews, documentation and observation. How is the implementation of KBU control policies in making IMB in Cimenyan District. The district government needs to carry out several actions in controlling the manufacture of IMB in Cimenyan District. The steps that can be taken are optimizing the performance of human resources, providing budget and cooperation between the government, the private sector and the community. Policy implementation will be carried out if there is a thorough socialization of the IMB. The factor that causes difficulties for residents is that licensing must go through the Provincial Government, resulting in a long time in making the IMB. It would be better if the rules for making IMBs were made easier, especially for IMB applicants with limited land area, through regulations issued by the Regency Government or Provincial Government.
Assessment of technical condition of high-voltage overhead power transmission lines at the stage of their ageing
Authors: Farhadzadeh E. M. , Muradalyiev A. Z. , Muradalyiev S. A. , Nazarov A. A.
Published: July 2021

The organization of operation, maintenance and repair of the basic technological facilities of electric power systems (EPS), which are beyond their designed service life (hereinafter referred to as ageing facilities, or AFs) is one of the problems that determine the energy security of many countries, including economically developed nations. The principal cause of insufficient overall performance of AFs is the traditional focus of the EPS management on economic efficiency and the insufficient attention to reliability and safety of AFs. The tendency to nonlinear growth in the frequency of occurrence of unacceptable consequences in the EPS requires ensuring the operational reliability and safety of AFs. The averaged estimates of reliability and safety used at designing power facilities are not suitable for characterization of overall operational performance. Among the basic and the least investigated (in terms of operational reliability and safety) EPS facilities are overhead power transmission lines (OPL) with a voltage of 110 кV and above. This is for a reason. OPL are electric power facilities with elements distributed along a multi-kilometer line (supports, insulators, wires, accessories, etc.). That is what makes the organization of continuous monitoring of the technical condition of each of these elements, and, consequently, the assessment of operational reliability and safety, so problematic. A method is suggested for assessment of “weak links” among the operated OPL on operative intervals of time along with a method for assessment of the technical condition of OPL at examination of a representative sample.
HUKUM KELUARGA DI MESIR
Authors: Nurinayah Nurinayah
Published: July 2021

The application of family law in Muslim-majority countries, especially the Middle East and its surroundings, has different practices, we do not find uniformity in family law practices in these countries. This is influenced by differences in government systems, cultures, situations and conditions of society of each country. Egypt is one of the predominantly Muslim countries which has established Islam as the state religion. Therefore, the principles of Islamic law are the main source of law in the making and formulation of laws, including family law. The practice of Islamic law in Egypt does not fully apply only to areas of family law in a limited scope including the distribution of inheritance and marriage. However, the application of family law in Egypt continues to undergo reforms and reforms. Family law reform took place in Egypt in 1920. This was marked by the promulgation of Law no. 25/1920 regarding family law and care (Law of Maintenance and Personal Status / Qanun al-Ahwal al-Syakhsiyyah wa al-Siyanah). Family law reform in the 1970s was marked by the issuance of laws regarding the authority to the judiciary to force parties (husbands) to pay maintenance fees to wives, widows, children, or parents in 1976. the current era of family law in Egypt continues to experience development.

Abstrak

Penerapan hukum keluarga di negara-negara yang berpenduduk mayoritas Muslim khususnya kawasan Timur Tengah dan sekitarnya memiliki praktik yang berbeda-beda, kita tidak menemukan keseragaman praktik hukum keluarga di negara-negara tersebut. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan sistem pemerintahan, kultur, situasi dan kondisi masyarakat setiap negara. Mesir merupakan salah satu negara yang berpenduduk mayoritas Muslim yang menetapkan Islam sebagai agama negara. Karena itu, prinsip-prinsip hukum Islam menjadi sumber hukum utama dalam pembuatan dan perumusan undang-undang termasuk hukum keluarga. Praktik hukum Islam di Mesir tidak berlaku secara utuh hanya bidang-bidang hukum keluarga dalam ruang lingkup yang terbatas meliputi pembagian warisan dan perkawinan.  Namun, penerapan hukum keluarga di Mesir terus mengalami reformasi dan pembaruan. Pembaruan hukum keluarga terjadi di Mesir pada tahun 1920. Ini ditandai dengan diundangkannya UU No. 25/1920 mengenai hukum keluarga dan penjagaan (Law of Maintenance and Personal Status/Qanun al-Ahwal al-Syakhsiyyah wa al-Siyanah). Reformasi hukum keluarga pada tahun 1970an ditandai dengan dikeluarkannya aturan undang-undang mengenai kewenangan kepada lembaga peradilan memaksa pihak-pihak (suami) untuk membayar uang pemeliharaan kepada isteri-isteri, janda-janda, anak-anak, ataupun orang tua pada tahun 1976. Hingga era sekarang hukum keluarga di Mesir terus mengalami perkembangan.
The role of cooperatives in the development of rural tourism: The example of Kuyucak
Authors: AKTÜRK Onur , DEMİR Şirvan Şen
Published: July 2021

In the development of rural areas whose economy is based on agriculture and animal husbandry, rural tourism activities play an essential role in diversifying rural areas’ economic activities and transforming the social structure, with its contribution to employment, income-generating effect, and bringing people from different cultures together. Similarly, cooperatives, an organizational structure where local people come together to meet their own needs in the sense of solidarity, also fulfill a vital function in the development of rural areas. In this direction, the study’s primary purpose is to determine whether cooperatives can play an active role in rural tourism development in areas where rural tourism activities occur. Therefore, the study adopted a qualitative analysis method to obtain in-depth information from the participants. In the analysis process of the data, descriptive analysis was used. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 participants consisting of the Women Entrepreneurs Cooperative and local people, established in Kuyucak Village of Keçiborlu District of Isparta Province, which constitute the research sample, and a semi-structured interview form was used in the interviews. Finally, the results in line with the findings were interpreted and some suggestions for future studies were presented
The marine-associated lifestyle of ameronothroid mites (Acari, Oribatida) and its evolutionary origin: a review
Authors: Pfingstl Tobias
Published: July 2021

Existing literature on marine associated Ameronothroidea is reviewed and recapitulated. Although these littoral oribatid mites strongly resemble typical terrestrial mites, they have evolved different adaptions of various kinds to the marine littoral environment. In order to cope with intertidal wave action, most species show reduced and compact sensilla as well as sickle-shaped and elongated claws. Complex cerotegument based plastron mechanisms have evolved to allow breathing under flooded conditions and enabling these organisms to survive an average of more than a month completely submerged in saltwater. Behavioural adaptations include aggregations, diurnal and circatidal activity patterns, daily and seasonal migrations and thigmotaxis. Most taxa show no reproductive adaptions to the littoral habitat but some have developed ovoviviparity to protect the offspring and a few also have evolved distinct sexual dimorphism supposed to allow direct mating and secure sperm transfer in this constantly changing environment. Ameronothroid taxa are basically generalized feeders grazing on intertidal algae, lichens and fungi which also serve as microhabitat. Coastal areas all over the globe have been colonized and these mites can be found in a wide range of habitats: e.g. polar shores, rocky coasts, sandy beaches, tropical mangrove forests, brackish river estuaries and salt marshes. The families show a distinct climate related distribution pattern, with the Ameronothridae (Podacaridae included) in polar and cold temperate regions and the Fortuyniidae and Selenoribatidae in subtropical and tropical areas. Long distance transport to remote islands is supposed to be mainly achieved by bird phoresy in Ameronothridae and by dispersal via strong ocean currents in Fortuyniidae and Selenoribatidae. In literature there are basically two contrasting theories explaining the evolutionary invasion of marine associated habitats by ameronothroid mites, one favoring a monophyletic origin and a single land-to-sea transition event and another preferring an independent terrestrial ancestry and accordingly multiple invasions of the marine littoral environment. Recent molecular genetic studies support the latter theory and render the present superfamily of Ameronothroidea a polyphyletic taxon.
Two new species of the Phytoseiid genus Neoseiulus (Acari: Mesostigmata) from steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors: Kolodochka Leonid A. , Yu. Bondarev Vitalyi
Published: July 2021

Two new species of phytoseiid mites of the genus Neoseiulus (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Steppe zone of Ukraine are described. Detailed descriptions, drawings, measurements, diagnosis of the new species, and the data of mite locations are given.
Suitability of date palm pollen as an alternative food source for the predatory mite Cydnoseius negevi (Swirski and Amitai) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) at a low relative humidity
Authors: Alatawi Fahad J. , Basahih Jamal S. , Kamran Muhammad
Published: July 2021

The nutritional suitability of date palm pollen for the predatory mite Cydnoseius negevi (Swirski and Amitai) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was tested by assessing the development and life table parameters of the predator at two relative humidity levels, 35 and 60 % RH, at 30 °C in the laboratory. C. negevi successfully developed and reproduced when fed on a fresh date palm pollen diet at both humidity levels. However, at 35 % RH, the incubation period and development of immatures were significantly longer, female longevity and fecundity significantly decreased, and all life table parameter values were negatively affected. The results obtained in this study were compared with those of some previously published studies in the same field. The date palm pollen could be a suitable food source for the mass production of C. negevi. Moreover, the successful reproduction and development of C. negevi fed date palm pollen at low RH (35 %) makes it a good alternate food source in the field to conserve the population of the predator under local arid environmental conditions.
A contribution to the knowledge of cheyletid mites of Iran with redescription of Eucheyletia flabellifera (Michael, 1878) (Prostigmata: Cheyletidae)
Authors: Salarzehi Safoura , Hajizadeh Jalil , Hakimitabar Masoud , Ueckermann Edward A.
Published: July 2021

The cheyletid mites collected from Guilan province in Northern Iran were investigated. A total of 16 species were determined. Of these, Eucheyletia flabellifera (Michael, 1878) is a new record for the Iranian cheyletid mite fauna. Herein, we provide an expanded description, including illustrations of the adult female of this species based on the Iranian material. A tabulated checklist for cheyletid mites recorded from Iran is also provided.
A new species and new record of Gaeolaelaps Evans and Till (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) from Iran
Authors: Khalesi Talat , Kazemi Shahrooz
Published: July 2021

Herein, a new species of the hypoaspidine mite genus Gaeolaelaps, G. mirzakhaniae n. sp., is described on the basis of adult female and male specimens collected in soil and litter of citrus orchards in Kerman Province, southeastern Iran. Also, supplementary information for G. queenslandicus (Womersley) is presented. Moreover, Gaeolaelaps schusteri (Hirschmann) is reported for the first time from Iran on the basis of specimens collected in Mangrove forests of Qeshm in the Persian Gulf.
A new species of Cheyletus Latreille (Prostigmata: Cheyletidae) from Iran and a key to the Iranian species
Authors: Salarzehi Safoura , Hajizadeh Jalil , Ueckermann Edward A.
Published: July 2021

A new species, Cheyletus rashtiensis n. sp. (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Cheyletidae) is described on the basis of adult females from Rasht, Guilan Province, Northern Iran. The new species can be distinguished from other species by the following features: presence of hysterosomal shield with two pairs of dorsomedian setae d1 and e1, absence of setae d4, genua I without solenidion σ; setae d1 situated on anterior margin of hysterosomal shield; dorsomedian setae of hysterosomal shield flag-like; and tibial claw with 3 – 4 basal teeth. Additionally, a key to the Iranian species (females) of the genus Cheyletus Latreille is provided.
A putative fossil sejid mite (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata) in Baltic amber re-identified as an anystine (Acariformes: Prostigmata)
Authors: Dunlop Jason A. , Walter David E. , Kontschán Jenő
Published: July 2021

The Acari (mites) is currently interpreted to consist of two superorders. In contrast to the relatively rich history of the mite superorder Acariformes, fossils of the Parasitiformes are extremely rare. This is especially true of the most diverse order, Mesostigmata, with only nine families recorded, including four named species, having been described so far. As part of a wider effort to clarify the diversity of Baltic amber Mesostigmata the historically oldest fossil, Sejus bdelloides Koch and Berendt, 1854, is re-examined. While clearly a mite, it is not a mesostigmatan, but a member of the Prostigmata (Acariformes), referable to the Anystina. Thus of the three main mesostigmatan lineages currently recognised both Sejida and Trigynaspida lack a fossil record. Monogynaspida can be traced with confidence back to the Eocene (ca. 44 - 49 Ma).
New and known records of Oppiidae (Acari, Oribatida) from Romania
Authors: Ivan Otilia
Published: July 2021

In this paper two newly recorded species of the family Oppiidae are presented, namely Ramusella alejnicovae (Krivolutsky and Gatilova, 1974) and Lauroppia iranica Akrami and Subías, 2008. Additionally, recent records of two other rare species, i.e., Multioppia (M.) perfecta Mahunka and Topercer, 1983 and Ramusella sengbuschi tokyoensis (Aoki, 1974) are given. For each species, a redescription and illustration based on Romanian material is provided and compared with existing descriptions, and data regarding world distribution and ecological requirements are analyzed. In addition, the status of Multioppia (Hammeroppia) insolita Ivan and Vasiliu, 1999, a species considered as a possible synonym of M. (H.) wilsoni laniseta Moritz, 1966 (Subías 2004 updated 2018) is discussed, and reasons to deem insolita as a valid species are pointed out.
Tritrophic relationships among tomato cultivars, the rust mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Eriophyidae), and its predators
Authors: Aysan Elif , Kumral Nabi Alper
Published: July 2021

Trichome-mediated defence in wild and cultivated tomato cultivars has been extensively studied against some mite species for several decades. Previous studies have shown that this mechanism negatively affects phytophagous mites and their predators. To better explain the tritrophic relationship of tomatoes, the interactions between population densities of the tomato rust mite, Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Acari: Eriophyidae), and its predators on the tomato cultivars, namely, Dora, Etna, Grande, H2274, Jana and M1103, and the trichome densities of these cultivars were investigated in both a climatic room and an organic tomato field from 2014-2015. Under both controlled and field conditions, the A. lycopersici population density was significantly higher in the stake tomato cultivars, Jana and Etna, than in other tomato cultivars. When the tomato rust mite’s population density was the highest during mid-August and mid-September in the tomato field, the population density of the predator species, Tydeus kochi Oudemans (Tydeidae), showed a similar population pattern and significant positive correlation with the A. lycopersici density. However, density of this predator mite was significantly lower than that of A. lycopersici over the entire season. Remarkably, the glandular trichome type VI density was significantly higher in the stake cultivars than other cultivars. In contrast, significantly fewer glandular trichomes were found in the indeterminate tomato cultivars, Grande and H2274, which had fewer tomato rust mites and larger tydeid mite predator densities. These results support the hypothesis that trichomes provide excellent shelter for tomato rust mites and are obstacles for its predator mites. However, the population density of the insect predator, Macrolophus sp., was not affected by the trichome density or tomato cultivar, but its population density was not significantly correlated with that of the A. lycopersici population.
A new species of zerconid mite Zercon shevtchenkoi n. sp. (Acari: Mesostigmata: Zerconidae) from Ukraine
Authors: Faleńczyk-Koziróg Katarzyna , Shevchyk Vasyl L. , Pylypenko Volodymir , Kaczmarek Sławomir
Published: July 2021

A new species of the genus Zercon (Acari: Mesostigmata: Zerconidae) Zercon shevtchenkoi n. sp. from the island Kryhlyk, Ukraine is described and illustrated. Descriptions and illustrations of the new species based on adults of both sexes, protonymphs and larva are provided.
Predation and oviposition potential of Brazilian populations of the predatory mite Amblyseius tamatavensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on eggs of Bemisia tabaci (Insecta: Hemiptera)
Authors: Massaro Marcela , Moraes Gilberto J. de
Published: July 2021

Amblyseius tamatavensis has been reported from over 20 countries around the world, and is also widely distributed in Brazil. It has been reported as potentially useful for the control of Bemisia tabaci, a pest/vector insect of great economic importance worldwide. Some studies have reported some biological differences among phytoseiid populations. The objective of this work was to compare 14 populations of different regions of Brazil (from the states of Alagoas, Goiás, Minas Gerais and São Paulo; straight line distance between northern and southern extremes of 2,560 km) in relation to the predation and oviposition potential when fed with eggs of B. tabaci biotype B. The morphological characterization of these mites showed that the population from Olhos d'Agua das Flores (Alagoas state) and a population from mixed origin maintained in the laboratory for about 5 years were constituted by mites with larger dorsal and ventrianal shield dimensions and presented the highest rates of daily predation (respectively 7.9 and 7.0 eggs/ female) and oviposition (1.2 and 1.1 eggs/ female). A positive and significant relationship was observed between mean population predation and oviposition rates. The results suggest that subsequent efforts should focus on exploring the variability of mites of these two populations in relation to predation and oviposition potential, in order to select a new, more promising population to control B . tabaci biotype B.
Contribution to the knowledge of the oribatid mite genus Eremella (Acari, Oribatida, Eremellidae)
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Frolov Andrey V.
Published: July 2021

A new species of Eremella Berlese, 1913 (Oribatida, Eremellidae) is described from a termite nest of Cornitermes silvestrii Emerson in Snyder, 1949 (Isoptera, Termitidae) in Brazil. Eremella vazdemelloi sp. nov. differs from Eremella ensifera Balogh and Mahunka, 1968 by the presence of short notogastral setae, the bothridial setae specifically directed posterolaterally, and the absence of tutorial ridges. Revised generic diagnosis and an identification key to known species of Eremella are presented. The taxonomic status of the eremellid genera Licnocepheus Woolley, 1969, Triteremella Kunst, 1971 and Afreremella Mahunka, 1973 are discussed, resulting in the following new taxonomic proposals: Eremella (=Licnocepheus syn. nov.), Eremella (=Triteremella syn. nov.), Eremella reticulatus (Woolley, 1969) comb. nov. (from Licnocepheus), Eremella simpliseta (Mahunka, 2011) comb. nov. (from Triteremella). Also, the generic status of Afreremella and Archeremella Balogh and Mahunka, 1974, and initial systematic placement of Afreremella luisiae Mahunka, 1973, Eremella kaszabi Csiszár, 1962 and Eremella matildebellae Mahunka and Palacios-Vargas, 1995 are supported.
Oribatid mites (Acarina, Oribatida) from French Guyana II. Two new species from superfamily Crotonioidea Thorell, 1876
Authors: Miko Ladislav
Published: July 2021

Two new species from the superfamily Crotonioidea, Malaconothrus kawensis n. sp. and Cyrthermannia bifurcata n. sp., found in material colected in Kaw mountains (Montagne de Kaw), and near the Saül, French Guyana, are described. The relationships of both new species within respective genera are analysed, and determination keys are provided for all South-American and other closely related Malaconothrus species and for all known Cyrthermannia species. Cyrthermannia formosana Tseng, 1982 is newly recombined as Nanhermannia (Nippohermannia) formosana (Tseng, 1982) n. comb., following analysis of morphological characters.
Redescription of the female of bumblebee-associated gamasid mite Proctolaelaps sibiriensis (Davydova, 1988) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Melicharidae) from North Asia
Authors: Trach Viacheslav A. , Marchenko Irina I. , Joharchi Omid
Published: July 2021

The female of Proctolaelaps sibiriensis (Davydova) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Melicharidae) is redescribed on the basis of type series and new materials collected from bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Tyumen Province, close to the type locality in Novosibirsk Province. A key to world bumblebee-associated species of the genus Proctolaelaps is presented.
New records of the genus Bryobia (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Syria with description of a new species
Authors: Barbar Ziad , Auger Philippe
Published: July 2021

Three species of Tetranychidae belonging to the genus Bryobia were collected from Latakia governorate, Syria in 2019: Bryobia (Allobia) syriensis n. sp. collected from Salvia verbenaca L., is described; Bryobia (Allobia) nikitensis and Bryobia (Bryobia) gigas collected from S. verbenaca and from soil litter, respectively, are reported. New observations of Bryobia specimens previously reported from the same governorate during 2014-2016 revealed that specimens of Bryobia (Bryobia) watersi were misidentified as Bryobia (Bryobia) graminum and Bryobia (Bryobia) kissophila. Among them, we found two aberrant females bearing three propodosomal lobes. By analogy, we discussed the cases of the trilobed species, Bryobia bakeri and Bryobia aegyptiacus, and concluded that they could be teratological forms of quadrilobed Bryobia species rather than species with a particular pattern of propodosomal lobes.
Correction of a case of homonymy in the genus Zonurobia (Acari: Pterygosomatidae)
Authors: OConnor Barry M.
Published: July 2021

A case of homonymy in the genus Zonurobia is corrected by proposing Zonurobia circularis limpopoensis as a replacement name for Zonurobia circularis transvaalensis Lawrence, not Zonurobia transvaalensis Lawrence.
Biological effects of three bacterial species on Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) infesting eggplant under laboratory and greenhouse conditions
Authors: Al-Azzazy Mahmoud M. , Alsohim Abdullah S. , Yoder Carl E.
Published: July 2021

This study evaluated the efficacy of three bacterial species. Acinetobacter sp. (concentration 2.237×108 cfu/ml), Bacillus subtilis (concentration 2.470×108 cfu/ml) and Bacillus qassimus (concentration 3.320×108 cfu/ml) were tested against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, infesting eggplants under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. In addition, we studied their side effects on the predatory mite, Phytoseius plumifer. The highest efficiency rate on T. urticae was observed with Acinetobacter sp. sprays. Three days after treatment, mite mortality reached 87.15 and 77.29 % under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, respectively. Moreover, the mortality rates were significantly lower (72.22 and 67.11 % and 70.74 and 65.19 %) using B. subtilis and B. qassimus under lab and greenhouse conditions, seven days after treatment. The predatory mite, P. plumifer, showed higher tolerance than T. urticae to the three bacterial preparations. The results of this study indicated that Acinetobacter sp. has a strong efficacy on T. urticae and slightly affected the predatory species herein tested. This study introduces a potentially new strategy for biological control of phytophagous mites.
Immature development and survival of Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on eggs of Tyrophagus curvipenis (Fain & Fauvel) (Acari: Acaridae)
Authors: Li Guang-Yun , Pattison Nick , Zhang Zhi-Qiang
Published: July 2021

Establishment and maintenance of the natural enemy are critical for successful biological control of pests on plants without alternative food for predators. Great efforts have been devoted to exploring suitable supplementary food for predators. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of using Tyrophagus curvipenis (Fain and Fauvel) (Acari: Acaridae) as a supplementary food source for Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) by investigating the survival and development of N. cucumeris at different prey densities with the influence of conspecifics. Furthermore, we investigated predation rates and their body size at adult emergence. The results showed that N. cucumeris developed from egg to adult in approximately six days. Survival rates of immature predators increased significantly with the given prey density. No significant difference in body size was found between the survived adults fed at different prey density, but the females were always larger than males. To conclude, T. curvipenis can be an excellent alternative food source for the biological control agent N. cucumeris.
Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) of Mohéli Island (Comoros Archipelago)
Authors: Kreiter Serge , Payet Rose-My , Azali Hamza Abdou
Published: July 2021

Mohéli is one of the four main islands constituting Comoros Archipelago, with Mayotte, Anjouan and Grande Comore Islands. It is the third Island closer from Madagascar after Mayotte and Anjouan. So far, no species of the mite family Phytoseiidae had been reported from this island. We report in this paper the results of a survey conducted at the end of 2018 in Mohéli Island, in which 18 species have been recorded.