bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Air Quality in the European Union
Authors: Maynard Robert L. , Williams Martin L.
Published: February 2018

After a brief introduction to air quality standards in the European Union (EU), the need for standards is discussed, concluding that they provide an impetus for governments and local authorities to act to reduce pollution and a means for the public to check on the progress of actions by governments, and that in a large region like the EU, they provide a form of environmental equity of a common standard of air quality throughout the region. Discussion follows on the distinction between legal standards which are binding on governments and air quality guidelines which are set with no regard for feasibility of attainment. Impacts on public health are discussed, including the relationship between standards and thresholds of no effect. The statistical nature of standards is discussed, as is the relationship between regulating air quality through the use of standards compared with the use of an exposure–response relationship for a given pollutant. Finally, recent developments in air quality legislation, embodied in the 2008 Air Quality Directive, are described, where it was recognised that relying purely on air quality standards – the achievement of which may not guarantee the absence of adverse effects – may not be the most effective way of improving public health. The 2008 Directive therefore incorporated the concept of ‘exposure reduction’ where, alongside binding limit values or ‘standards’, EU Member States are obliged to make progressive reductions of PM2.5 across entire urban areas, regardless of whether or not the conventional ‘standards’ are met.
Metal-coordination crosslinked N-polyindoles as recyclable high-performance thermosets and nondestructive detection for their tensile strength and glass transition temperature
Authors: Chang Guanjun , Wang Cheng , Du Mengqi , Liu Shenye , Yang Li
Published: February 2018

Metal coordination crosslinking between stiff N-polyindole chains was constructed, and the crosslinked films exhibited high tensile strength, high heat resistance and excellent polar solvent resistance.
Water transport through graphene oxide membranes: the roles of driving forces
Authors: Chong J. Y. , Wang B. , Li K.
Published: February 2018

A pore-flow–evaporation model was proposed to explain the water transport mechanisms in graphene oxide membranes in pervaporation.
Metal ions affect the formation and stability of amyloid β aggregates at multiple length scales
Authors: Lee Myeongsang , Kim Jae In , Na Sungsoo , Eom Kilho
Published: February 2018

The effect of metal ion on the formation of amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates, which are a hallmark for neurodegenerative disease, was studied based on full atomistic molecular dynamics simulations.
Reproducibility of single protein explosions induced by X-ray lasers
Authors: Östlin Christofer , Tîmneanu Nicusor , Jönsson H. Olof , Ekeberg Tomas , Martin Andrew V. , Caleman Carl
Published: February 2018

Simulations of the explosions of single particles imaged with X-ray lasers show that ions ejected from the fragmented samples can be used to determine the spatial orientation of the particle at the time of interaction.
Rydberg transitions as a probe for structural changes and phase transition at polymer surfaces: an ATR-FUV-DUV and quantum chemical study of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and its nanocomposite with graphene
Authors: Beć Krzysztof B. , Morisawa Yusuke , Kobashi Kenta , Grabska Justyna , Tanabe Ichiro , Tanimura Erika , Sato Harumi , Wójcik Marek J. , Ozaki Yukihiro
Published: February 2018

ATR-FUV-DUV (145–300 nm; 8.55–4.13 eV) and quantum mechanical calculations study of PHB and its nanocomposite with graphene.
Solvation of diclofenac in water from atomistic molecular dynamics simulations – interplay between solute–solute and solute–solvent interactions
Authors: Kozlowska Mariana , Rodziewicz Pawel , Utesch Tillmann , Mroginski Maria Andrea , Kaczmarek-Kedziera Anna
Published: February 2018

Self-association of diclofenac in water via π–π interactions and C–H⋯π hydrogen bonds as a reason for its low aqueous solubility.
A lignin-epoxy resin derived from biomass as an alternative to formaldehyde-based wood adhesives
Authors: Li Russell Jingxian , Gutierrez Jose , Chung Yi-Lin , Frank Curtis W. , Billington Sarah L. , Sattely Elizabeth S.
Published: February 2018

Wood products are extensively used to make furniture items and construction materials; however, the majority contain formaldehyde-based adhesives that raise serious health concerns.
A ferrocene/imprinted polymer nanomaterial-modified carbon paste electrode as a new generation of gate effect-based voltammetric sensor
Authors: Alizadeh Taher , Akhoundian Maedeh , Ganjali Mohammad Reza
Published: February 2018

Herein, a carbon paste electrode, concurrently incorporated with ferrocene and a molecularly imprinted polymer nanomaterial (Fc-MIP-CP electrode), is introduced as an innovative sensing platform for the detection of thiamine.
Different self-assemblies and absorption–emission properties of the picrate salts of aromatic amine or heterocycle linked oximes
Authors: Tarai Arup , Baruah Jubaraj B.
Published: February 2018

Different sub-assemblies and fluorescence quenching in picrate salts of an aromatic amine and of three different heterocycle tethered aldoximes are described.
Electrodeposited amorphous Co–P–B ternary catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Kim Junhyeong , Kim Hyunki , Kim Soo-Kil , Ahn Sang Hyun
Published: February 2018

The catalytic activity of amorphous Co–P–B catalysts electrodeposited on carbon paper (CP) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was investigated in aqueous 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte.
Exploring redox activity in a LiCoPO4–LiCo2P3O10 tailored positive electrode for 5 V lithium ion batteries: rigid band behavior of the electronic structure and stability of the delithiated phase
Authors: Cherkashinin Gennady , Lebedev Mikhail V. , Sharath Sankaramangalam U. , Hajduk Andreas , Nappini Silvia , Magnano Elena
Published: February 2018

The novel LiCoPO4–LiCo2P3O10 cathode material: a rigid band behavior of the electronic structure.
A comprehensive structural and microstructural investigation of a new iron–telluride nano phase
Authors: Ulbrich K. F. , Bertolotti F. , Masciocchi N. , Cervellino A. , Guagliardi A. , Campos C. E. M.
Published: February 2018

A nanocrystalline iron-rich telluride, Fe5Te4, was prepared mechanochemically using ball milling procedures in an inert atmosphere, starting from FexTe powder mixtures withx= 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5, withx= 1.25 leading to the pure phase.
A Pb2+ ionic gate with enhanced stability and improved sensitivity based on a 4′-aminobenzo-18-crown-6 modified funnel-shaped nanochannel
Authors: Qian Yongchao , Zhang Zhen , Tian Wei , Wen Liping , Jiang Lei
Published: February 2018

An ionic gate for sensing Pb2+ based on an emerging advanced funnel-shaped nanochannel system is reported, with enhanced stability and improved sensitivity.
Synthesis and bioapplication of a highly selective and sensitive fluorescent probe for HOCl based on a phenothiazine–dicyanoisophorone conjugate with large Stokes shift
Authors: Zheng Dasheng , Qiu Xiaoying , Liu Chang , Jiao Xiaojie , He Song , Zhao Liancheng , Zeng Xianshun
Published: February 2018

A fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for monitoring endogenous HOCl in living cells has been prepared.
Utilization of Indonesia’s Hot Spring Sources for Electricity using Kalina Cycle and Organic Rankine Cycle
Authors: Prabumukti Grano , Wahyu Purwanto Widodo
Published: February 2018

Indonesia posses 40% of the world's geothermal energy sources. The existence of hydrothermal sources is usually characterized by their surface manifestations such as hot springs, geysers and fumarole. Hot spring has a potential to be used as a heat source to generate electricity especially in a rural and isolated area. Hot springs can be converted into electricity by binary thermodynamic cycles such as Kalina cycle and ORC. The aim of this study is to obtain the best performances of cycle configuration and the potential power capacity. Simulation is conducted using UNISIM software with working fluid and its operating condition as the decision variables. The simulation result shows that R1234yf and propene with simple ORC as desired working fluid and cycle configuration. It reaches a maximum thermal efficiency up to 9.6% with a specific turbine inlet pressure. Higher temperature heat source will result a higher thermal efficiency‥ Cycle thermal efficiency varies from 4.7% to 9.6% depends on source of hot spring temperature. Power capacity that can be generated using Indonesia’s hot spring is ranged from 2 kWe to 61.2 kWe. The highest capacity located in Kawah Sirung and the least located in Kaendi.
Managing Campus Energy: Compromising between Rapid Needs and Environmental Requirement
Authors: Ambariyanto Ambariyanto , Utama Yos J. , Purwanto
Published: February 2018

The utilization of energy, especially electricity at Diponegoro University campus continues to increase in line with the development of the university. This increase has a direct impact on the increased costs to be paid by the university. Some of the causes of increased utilization of electrical energy is the construction of new buildings to meet the needs, increased learning activities and education, research activities in the laboratory, and various other activities. On the other hand, the increase of energy utilization is considered not good from the environment point of view, especially the utilization of electrical energy coming from non sustainable resources. Efforts to compromise on both are to develop policies in developing environmentally friendly buildings, efficiency in utilization of electrical energy, and development of sustainable energy sources.
Sea Water Characterization at Ujung Kulon Coastal Depth as Raw Water Source for Desalination and Potential Energy
Authors: Mugisidi Dan , Heriyani Okatrina
Published: February 2018

Fresh water is basic need for life while the source is limited. Therefore, sea water is used as fresh water through desalination process. Sea water has different physical and chemical properties ranging from the surface to the seabed. The energy potential that can be obtained from the hydrostatic pressure also changes according to the depth. As part of the research of the utilization of sea water into fresh water, the aim of this study is to know the characteristics of sea water in the depth that can be utilized as source of fresh water. The sea water samples were taken at 11km from Ujung Kulon beach with depth of 0m, 20m, 40m, 60m, 80m, and 100m under the surface. The results showed that the physical properties at every depth were below the maximum allowable drinking water except for the amount of dissolved solids. Chemical characteristics at any depth above allowable level were fluoride, hardness (CaCo3), chloride, sodium, sulphate, and (KMnO4). In addition to the properties, pressure is one of the considerations in this study to determine the depth of sea water as sources for desalination. Pressure increased by 36.11% as the depth of the sea increased.
Roles of K2O on the CaO-ZnO Catalyst and Its Influence on Catalyst Basicity for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Buchori Luqman , Istadi I. , Purwanto P. , Marpaung Louis Claudia , Safitri Rahmatika Luthfiani
Published: February 2018

This research aimed to study the effect of K2O impregnation on the basicity of the CaO-ZnO catalyst and its effect on biodiesel production. The effect of mole ratio of CaO to ZnO catalyst and %wt K2O were also studied. The mole ratio of CaO to ZnO catalyst was varied at 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:3, and 3:1, while the %wt K2O was varied at 1, 3, and 5 %. The catalyst basicity was determined by titration method. The basicity of the catalyst increased after the CaO-ZnO catalyst was impregnated with K2O in all mole ratios of CaO-ZnO catalyst. The addition of K2O as a promoter also increase the basicity. The highest basicity was obtained at the CaO-ZnO mole ratio of 3:1 and 5%wt K2O. The tranesterification process was carried out in a batch reactor at a methanol to oil mole ratio of 15:1, a reaction temperature of 60°C, a reaction time of 4 h, and a catalyst loading of 5%wt oil. The FAME yields obtained were 41.33%. These results proved that K2O plays a role in enhancing the catalyst basicity. In addition, K2O also serves as a binding agent to improve the mechanical properties of the catalyst.
Effect of light Intensity and photoperiod on growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and CO2 Biofixation
Authors: Johar Gunawan Teuku , Ikhwan Yusni , Restuhadi Fajar , Pato Usman
Published: February 2018

Microalgae have been viewed as one of potential solution for CO2 biofixation or CO2 sequestration. However, many factors need to be evaluated to support development of CO2 biofixation. One important environmental factor for the growth of micro algae is related with light requirement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of light intensity and photoperiod on growth of Chlorellapyrenoidosa (C.pyrenoidosa) and CO2 biofixation. Experiments were carried out in 1000 mL semi batch photo bioreactors, purged continuously with air (0.034% CO2). An Experiment of Factorial Design was employed in which the light intensity was evaluated 4 level at 2000, 4000, 6000 and 8000 lux with 3 level of photo period at L/D (light /dark) 8 hours/16 hours; L/D 12 hours/12 hours and L/D 16 hours/8 hours. The result indicated that both light intensity and photo period had significant effect (p< 0.05) on growth of C. pyrenoidosa. However, the photo period showed stronger effect relative to light intensity on growth of C.pyrenoidosa within the range reviewed. The interaction between the two factors was indicative but statistically not significant. Best growth profile sustained at combination of L/D 16 hours/8 hours of photoperiod and light intensity of 8000 lux with the highest average biomass observed at 0.516 ± 0.069gr/L. An increase in CO2biofixation rate of around 2 times was also observed between highest setting (8000 lux; L/D 16/12 hours) relative to that of lowest setting (2000 lux; L/D 8/12 hours).
Integrating Electrokinetic and Bioremediation Process for Treating Oil Contaminated Low Permeability Soil
Authors: Surya Ramadan Bimastyaji , Jatnika Effendi Agus , Helmy Qomarudin
Published: February 2018

Traditional oil mining activities always ignores environmental regulation which may cause contamination in soil and environment. Crude oil contamination in low-permeability soil complicates recovery process because it requires substantial energy for excavating and crushing the soil. Electrokinetic technology can be used as an alternative technology to treat contaminated soil and improve bioremediation process (biostimulation) through transfer of ions and nutrient that support microorganism growth. This study was conducted using a combination of electrokinetic and bioremediation processes. Result shows that the application of electrokinetic and bioremediation in low permeability soils can provide hydrocarbon removal efficiency up to 46,3% in 7 days operation. The highest amount of microorganism can be found in 3-days operation, which is 2x108CFU/ml using surfactant as flushing fluid for solubilizing hydrocarbon molecules. Enhancing bioremediation using electrokinetic process is very potential to recover oil contaminated low permeability soil in the future.
Performance of Anaerobic Baffled Reactor with Three Compartments in Removal of COD of Wastewater of Chilly Sauce
Authors: Sumantri Indro , Budiyono B. , Purwanto P.
Published: February 2018

The objective in this study is to examine the performance of each compartment of the number of compartments of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to the COD removal of the chilly sauce wastewater. Three-compartments of ABR were conducted in this experiment with the total volume of 60 l. ABR is very suitable for processing waste water with high content of COD. Wastewater conducted in this research is a degradable chilly sauce synthetic and high content of organic compounds. While the COD parameter is the main parameter to indicate the achievement of wastewater treatment plant. Stepwise in the research starting with the preparation of raw materials such as sample preparation of synthetic wastewater and preparation of activated sludge. Variable used is the time digestion in the ABR, sludge volume (50% and 70%), and initial COD concentrations (6000 – 14000 mg/L). The response is observed up to 7 days process. For a load of organic compounds, the first compartment has high degree of decomposition of organic compounds than 2nd and 3rd, it is shown that the COD removal the second and third compartment increase insignificantly compare the first compartment. As for the different height of the activated sludge indicated that for organic load of of 6170 mg/L up to 14265 mg/L, the first compartment has removal efficiency 79-73%, in the second compartment is 81-75%, 81-77% and third compartment.
Integration of Cleaner Production and Waste Water Treatment on Tofu Small Industry for Biogas Production using AnSBR Reactor
Authors: Setyowati Rahayu Suparni , Budiyono Budiyono , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: February 2018

A research on developing a system that integrates clean production and waste water treatment for biogas production in tofu small industry has been conducted. In this research, tofu waste water was turned into biogas using an AnSBR reactor. Mud from the sewage system serves as the inoculums. This research involved: (1) workshop; (2) supervising; (3) technical meeting; (4) network meeting, and (5) technical application. Implementation of clean production integrated with waste water treatment reduced the amount of waste water to be treated in a treatment plant. This means less cost for construction and operation of waste water treatment plants, as inherent limitations associated with such plants like lack of fund, limited area, and technological issues are inevitable. Implementation of clean production prior to waste water treatment reduces pollution figures down to certain levels that limitations in waste water treatment plants can be covered. Results show that biogas in 16 days HRT in an AnSBR reactor contains CH4(78.26 %) and CO2 (20.16 %). Meanwhile, treatments using a conventional bio-digester result in biogas with 72.16 % CH4 and 18.12 % CO2. Hence, biogas efficiency for the AnSBR system is 2.14 times greater than that of a conventional bio-digester.
Potential application of biodrying to treat solid waste
Authors: Zaman Badrus , Oktiawan Wiharyanto , Hadiwidodo Mochtar , Sutrisno Endro , Purwono  , Wisnu Wardana Irawan
Published: February 2018

The generation of solid waste around the world creates problems if not properly managed. The method of processing solid waste by burning or landfill is currently not optimal. The availability of land where the final processing (TPA) is critical, looking for a new TPA alternative will be difficult and expensive, especially in big cities. The processing of solid waste using bio drying technology has the potential to produce renewable energy and prevention of climate change. Solid waste processing products can serve as Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), reduce water content of solid waste, meningkatkan kualitas lindi and increase the amount of recycled solid waste that is not completely separated from home. Biodrying technology is capable of enhancing the partial disintegration and hydrolysis of macromolecule organic compounds (such as C-Organic, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, total nitrogen). The application of biodrying has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and dinitrooksida (N2O). These gases cause global warming.
Decreasing of BOD Concentration on Artificial Domestic Wastewater Using Anaerob Biofilter Reactor Technology
Authors: Sumiyati Sri , Purwanto P. , Sudarno S.
Published: February 2018

Pollution of domestic wastewater becomes an urban problem. Domestic wastewater contains a variety of pollutants. One of the pollutant parameters in domestic wastewater is BOD. Domestic wastewater which BOD concentrations exceeding the quality standard will be harmful to the environment, particularly the receiving water body. Therefore, before being discharged into the environment, domestic wastewater needs to be processed first. One of the processing that has high efficiency, low cost and easy operation is biofilter technology. The purpose of this research was to analyze the efficiency of BOD concentration reduction in domestic wastewater with anaerobic reactor biofilter using volcanic gravel media. The type of reactor used is an anaerobic biofilter made of glass which volume of 30 liters while the biofilter media is volcanic gravel. In this research the established HRT were 24, 12, 6 and 3 hours. The results showed that the efficiency of BOD concentration reduction in artificial domestic wastewater reached 80%.
Strategy of Water Pollution Control Base On Social Economic Activitiy, in Karang Mumus River, Samarinda East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Pramaningsih Vita , Suprayogi Slamet , Purnama Setyawan
Published: February 2018

Water Pollution in Karang Mumus River caused society behavior along the river. Daily activity such as bath, washing and defecate at the river. Garbage, sediment, domestic waste and flood are river problems should be solved. Purpose this research is make strategy of water pollution control in the Karang Mumus River. Method used observation in the field, interview to the society, industry, public activity along the river and government of environment department. Further create data using tool of Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP) to get the strategy to control water pollution in the river. Actors have contribute pollution control are government, industry and society. Criteria to pollution control are society participation, low, human resources and sustainable. Alternative of pollution control are unit garbage storage; license loyalty for industry and waste; communal waste water installation; monitoring of water quality. Result for actor priority are government (0.4); Industry (0.4); Society (0.2). Result for priority criteria are society participation (0.338), low (0.288), human resources (0.205) and sustainable (0.169). Result for priority alternative are unit garbage storage (0.433); license loyalty for industry and waste (0.238); communal waste water installation (0.169); monitoring of water quality (0.161).
Cultivation of Microalgae Chlorella sp on Fresh Water and Waste Water of Tofu Industry
Authors: Widayat  , Philia John , Wibisono Jessica
Published: February 2018

Chlorella sp. is a microalgae that potential for food supplement, pharmaceuticals, animal feed, aqua culture and cosmetics. Chlorella sp. commonly growth in sea water. Indonesia as a producer of tofu generated more liquid waste. Nutrient that contained in the tofu wastewater are very useful for the production of microalgae. Cultivation carried out for 7 days at different percent volume of tofu liquid waste showed that the more volume of tofu liquid waste make them longer process decipherment of polymer compounds in the waste, that’s make the growth rate of Chlorella sp. are slowness. Variable of10%V has the fastest growth rate. While, 90% v/v variable has the highest concentration of algae. It shows that Chlorella sp. better to grows in tofu wastewater than seawater.
Utilization of Natural Zeolite from Ponorogo and Purworejo for Naphthol Substance Adsorption
Authors: Imandiani Sundus , Indira Christine , Johan Anthony , Budiyono
Published: February 2018

Indonesia has many zeolite producing areas yet untapped. Researchers developed the utilization of natural zeolites useful for the adsorption of naphthol dyes commonly found in batik waste. In this study researchers used natural zeolites from Purworejo and Ponorogo that are activated using hydrochloric acid that is used for adsorption. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of natural zeolite activation from Ponorogo and Purworejo on the effectiveness of adsorption of naphthol dyes widely used in batik industry. Natural zeolite was activated using HCl concentration of 1.3N; 1.8N; 3.2N; and 3.9N for 60 minutes. The methods are preparation of natural zeolite from Purworejo and Ponorogo, dealumination using hydrochloric acid, adsorption process of naphthol dyes using activated zeolite, and test of adsorption result with uv-vis spectrophotometry. The test results showed that the higher HCl concentration will increase adsorption capacity. This can be known from the concentration of naphthol dye which decreased both using natural zeolite Ponorogo and Purworejo. While the effectiveness of adsorption shows natural zeolite Purworejo has a greater adsorption capacity than Ponorogo with optimum conditions of dealumination using concentration HCl 3,9N.
Physicochemical Characteristics of Artificial Rice from Composite Flour: Modified Cassava Starch, Canavalia ensiformis and Dioscorea esculenta
Authors: Sumardiono Siswo , Pudjihastuti Isti , Abyor Handayani Noer , Kusumayanti Heny
Published: February 2018

Indonesia is the third largest country on the global paddy rice production and also considered as a rice importer. Even, Indonesia has the biggest per capita consumption of paddy rice (140 kg of paddy rice per person per year). Product diversification using local commodities. Artificial rice is potential to be developed as a new value product using different types of grains. It is one of appropriate solutions for reducing imported rice rate. Artificial rice was produced using high nutrition composite flours (modified cassava starch, corn, Canavalian ensiformis, and Dioscorea esculenta). This study consists of three main stages, preparation of composite flour, formulation, and artificial rice production using hot extruder capacity 10 kg/day. The objectives of this studies were to investigate some formulation in compare with commercial paddy rice. Artificial rice has been successfully conducted using prototype of hot extruder with the temperature 95°C. Physical analyses (color and water absorption) were carried out to artificial rice product and commercial paddy rice. Chemical analyses (nutrition and amylose content) of product will be also presented in this study. The best formulation of artificial rice was achieved in 80% modified cassava starch, 10% Canavalian ensiformis, and 10% Dioscorea esculenta, respectively.
The Presence Of Rat And House Sanitation Associated With Leptospira sp. Bacterial Infection In Rats (A Cross Sectional Study In Semarang, Central Java Province, Indonesia)
Authors: Setiyani Endang , Martini Martini , Dian Saraswati Lintang
Published: February 2018

The Gajah Mungkur sub-district in Semarang, Indonesia had highest leptospirosis cases (reported in human with seven infected and one dead) in 2015. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between house sanitation and density of rats with Leptospira sp. infection in rats. The study design was cross sectional observational analytic. The number of 308 trapswere placed in study sites over three consecutive nights afterwards. Every houses were placed with four traps, inside and outside. Trapped rats were anesthetized with atropine dose from 0.02 to 0.05 mg/kg body weight of rats continued with Ketamine HCL dose of 50-100 mg/kg body weight of rats by injecting in the thick thigh muscle of it. After that, identification of rats by species and gender then continues with surgery in which a kidney sample was taken to confirm the presence of bacteria Leptospirasp using PCR techniques. The trap installed in 77 houses which later had further observation on house sanitation which includes the existence of a pile of used goods, food storage, garbage can, and the presence of the ceiling, windows and other ventilation.Data was analyzed using distribution frequency and bivariate chi-square test. We had 100 rats captured with live traps as the samples.The proportion of Rattusnorvegicuswas 27% (14.8% positive Leptospira sp.infection) and Rattustanezumi 73% (11%positive Leptospira sp.infection). The proportion of male and female rats were almost equal. The statistic test result was significant between the density of rats (p = 0.0001, OR 12.833, 95%CI: 1.565-105.261) and sex of rats (p = 0.019, OR 0.095, 95%CI: 0.012–0.769) with Leptospira sp. infection in rats. The number of rats may increase the infection of Leptospirasp., especially female rats and poor condition of house sanitation. It is recommended to improve house sanitation and regularly trapping rats.
Analysis of Work Design in Rubber Processing Plant
Authors: Wahyuni Dini , Nasution Harmein , Budiman Irwan , Wijaya Khairini
Published: February 2018

The work design illustrates how structured jobs, tasks, and roles are defined and modified and their impact on individuals, groups, and organizations. If the work is not designed well, the company must pay greater costs for workers’ health, longer production processes or even penalties for not being able to meet the delivery schedule. This is visible to the condition in a rubber processing factory in North Sumatra. Work design aspects such as layouts, machinery and equipment, worker's physical working environment, work methods, and organizational policies have not been well-organized. Coagulum grinding machines into sheets are often damaged, resulting in 4 times the delay of product delivery in 2016, the presence of complaints of heat exposure submitted by workers, and workstation that has not been properly arranged is an indication of the need for work design. The research data will be collected through field observation, and distribution of questionnaires related aspects of work design. The result of the analysis depends on the respondent's answer from the distributed questionnaire regarding the 6 aspects studied.
Comparison of Sellers's Awareness to Environmental Hygiene of Market Bulak, Market Klender and Market Rawamangun, East Jakarta
Authors: Hasana P. Maulidya
Published: February 2018

This research is motivated by the difference of market hygiene condition, where the market hygiene level is influenced by the environment around the market. In general, markets located near densely populated housing tend to be overlooked, while markets near elite housing tend to be clean. This condition is also influenced by marketers' awareness of market hygiene. If the market is near the elite neighbourhood, the level of awareness of sellers on cleanliness will be high. If the market is located in a densely populated area, sellers generally do not pay attention to cleanliness. The purpose of this research is to know the sellers's awareness of environmental cleanliness of Market Bulak, Klender Market and Rawamangun Market. Respondents in this study are sellers and buyers who make transactions in these 3 markets. This type of research is descriptive analysis with the method of observation and interview to 10 sellers in each market. Seller hygiene awareness are poor.
Implementation of Geographical Information System for Bacteriological Contamination Analysis on Refill Drinking Water Depot (Study in Tembalang District)
Authors: Rahmitha Amelia , Utami Endang Sri , Sitohang Marya Yenita
Published: February 2018

People used refilled-drinking-water for household and food stall because its efficient and low cost. Based on Indonesian Health Ministry regulation, it should not have any coliform bacteria. This study aimed to describe the bacteriological contamination of refilled drinking water using geographical information system (GIS). In this research, it was used an analytic observational method. The samples were from all available (37) depots in Tembalang district, one form each depot took used a sterile bottle. Contamination of bacteria was identified by Most Probable Number (MPN) method lactose broth media, Mac Conkey media, and IMVIC media. The depot samples were then plotted on (GIS). This study showed 95% samples were not feasible to consume since they contamined coliform. All sub-district had one that contaminated by coliform, 75% sub-districts had depots that contaminated Escherichia coli, while 55% sub-districts had depots that contaminated with other bacteria. The internal risk factors of the contamination were the absence of hygiene-sanitation worthy certificate (95%), depots location near to pollution sources (5%), and the misused of UV light. The external risk factor was lack of quality control that was not as the sterilization from office health Semarang city. Policy reinforcement should be done to all of the depots.
Preliminary Identification of Urban Park Infrastructure Resilience in Semarang Central Java
Authors: Uhfatun Muzdalifah Aji , Maryono Maryono
Published: February 2018

Park is one of the spot green infrastructure. There are two major characteristic of park, first Active parks and second passive park. Those of two open spaces have been significant on the fulfillment of urban environment. To maintenance the urban park, it is very importance to identify the characteristic of active and passive park. The identification also needs to fostering stakeholder effort to increase quality of urban park infrastructure. This study aims to explore and assess the characteristic of urban park infrastructure in Semarang City, Central Java. Data collection methods conduct by review formal document, field observation and interview with key government officer. The study founded that urban active parks infrastructure resilience could be defined by; Park Location, Garden Shape, Vegetation, Support Element, Park Function, and Expected Benefit from Park Existence. Moreover, the vegetation aspect and the supporting elements are the most importance urban park infrastructure in Semarang.
Comparing Value of Urban Green Space Using Contingent Valuation and Travel Cost Methods
Authors: Chintantya Dea , Maryono Maryono
Published: February 2018

Green urban open space are an important element of the city. They gives multiple benefits for social life, human health, biodiversity, air quality, carbon sequestration, and water management. Travel Cost Method (TCM) and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) are the most frequently used method in various studies that assess environmental good and services in monetary term for valuing urban green space. Both of those method are determined the value of urban green space through willingness to pay (WTP) for ecosystem benefit and collected data through direct interview and questionnaire. Findings of this study showed the weaknesses and strengths of both methods for valuing urban green space and provided factors influencing the probability of user’s willingness to pay in each method.
The role of health and safety experts in the management of hazardous and toxic wastes in Indonesia
Authors: Supriyadi  , Hadiyanto
Published: February 2018

Occupational Safety and Health Experts in Indonesia have an important role in integrating environmental health and safety factors, including in this regard as human resources assigned to undertake hazardous waste management. Comprehensive knowledge and competence skills need to be carried out responsibly, as an inherent professional occupational safety and health profession. Management leaders should continue to provide training in external agencies responsible for science in the management of toxic waste to enable occupational safety and health experts to improve their performance in the hierarchy of control over the presence of hazardous materials. This paper provides an overview of what strategies and competencies the Occupational Safety and Health expert needs to have in embracing hazardous waste management practices.
Find the future from the past: Paleolimnology in Indonesia
Authors: Retnaningsih Soeprobowati Tri , Widodo Agung Suedy Sri , Hadiyanto
Published: February 2018

Agriculture, hydro electricity power, fisheries, source of drinking water, recreation, and industrial use has led to wide-spread impairment of Indonesia surface waters. Indonesia is rich with various freshwaters, including 840 unique lakes with different size and types, 735 ponds, and 162 dams that covering about 21,000 km2of area, contain about 500 km3of water functions as both economically and ecologically purposes. Indonesia is also one of the biggest listed freshwater endemic species in Asia. However, an increase of population and human activities affect a decrease in quantity and quality of several lake ecosystems that able to induce the destruction up to extinction of the lake ecosystem. An increase of lake utilization, with partial management system without considering the preservation and sustainability of ecosystem had reduced lake functions. Paleolimnological approach is one of science and technological approach to support the successfull of grand design of Indonesian lakes conservation and rehabilitation, specifically on the program of lakes’ development ecosystem monitoring, evaluation, and information system. The studied on (paleo) limnology in Indonesia had been collected and compared. The vertical distribution of trace elements of Ni, Mg, and B were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) with mass spectrophotometry for 44 cm sediment core from Telaga Pengilon Dieng, Java. The paleolimnological studies in Indonesia have been limited, particularly for Indonesian as the first author. Lakes’ sediment records the changes condition of catchment area, like a diary book. Reconstruction of the past environmental condition is required to predict the future condition. This can be done using the organism preserved in the sediment, such as diatoms and pollen. Diatoms are unicellular algae that are used extensively in paleoecology. The diatom assemblages in sedimentary records can make direct and indirect inferences about past environmental conditions. The palynological data on the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem are used as an indicator of recent and paleoecological changes, particularly on the climate, history and floral diversity. Paleolimnological analysis increasingly attention is being given to developing the technique to model human activities.
Analysis of a Fishery Model with two competing prey species in the presence of a predator species for Optimal Harvesting
Authors: Sutimin  , Khabibah Siti , Anis Munawwaroh Dita
Published: February 2018

A harvesting fishery model is proposed to analyze the effects of the presence of red devil fish population, as a predator in an ecosystem. In this paper, we consider an ecological model of three species by taking into account two competing species and presence of a predator (red devil), the third species, which incorporates the harvesting efforts of each fish species. The stability of the dynamical system is discussed and the existence of biological and bionomic equilibrium is examined. The optimal harvest policy is studied and the solution is derived in the equilibrium case applying Pontryagin’s maximal principle. The simulation results is presented to simulate the dynamical behavior of the model and show that the optimal equilibrium solution is globally asymptotically stable. The results show that the optimal harvesting effort is obtained regarding to bionomic and biological equilibrium.
Implementation Of Conservation Policy Through The Protection Of Life Support System In The Karimunjawa National Park
Authors: Anisa Eka Ariyani Nur , Kismartini
Published: February 2018

The Karimunjawa National Park as the only one marine protected area in Central Java, managed by zonation system has decreased natural resources in the form of decreasing mangrove forest area, coral cover, sea biota population such as clams and sea cucumbers. Conservation has been done by Karimunjawa National Park Authority through protection of life support system activities in order to protect the area from degradation. The objective of the research is to know the implementation of protection and security activities of Karimunjawa National Park Authority for the period of 2012 - 2016. The research was conducted by qualitative method, processing secondary data from Karimunjawa National Park Authority and interview with key informants. The results showed that protection and security activities in The Karimunjawa National Park were held with three activities: pre-emptive activities, preventive activities and repressive activities. Implementation of conservation policy through protection of life support system is influenced by factors of policy characteristic, resource factor and environmental policy factor. Implementation of conservation policy need support from various parties, not only Karimunjawa National Park Authority as the manager of the area, but also need participation of Jepara Regency, Central Java Provinces, communities, NGOs, researchers, developers and tourism actors to maintain and preserve existing biodiversity. Improving the quality of implementors through education and training activities, the availability of the state budget annually and the support of stakeholders is essential for conservation.
Vegetation Structure of Ebony Leaf Monkey (Trachypithecus auratus) Habitat in Kecubung Ulolanang Nature Preservation Central Java-Indonesia
Authors: Ervina Rahmawati , Jafron Wasiq Hidayat
Published: February 2018

Kecubung Ulolanang Nature Preservation is ebony leaf monkey’s habitats in Central Java Indonesia. Continuously degradation of their population is caused by illegal hunting and habitat degradation that made this species being vulnerable. Habitat conservation is one of important aspects to prevent them from extinction. The purpose of this research was to analyze the vegetation’s structure and composition, which was potentially, becomes habitat and food source for the monkeys. Data collected using purposive sampling with line transect method of four different level of vegetation. Data analysis used Important Value Index and Diversity Index. There were 43 species of vegetation at seedling stage, 18 species at sapling stage, 8 species at poles stage and 27 species at trees stage. Species that had the highest important value index at seedling was Stenochlaena palustri , at the sapling was Gnetum gnemon, at pole was Swietenia mahagoni and at tree was Tectona grandis . Species of trees those were potentially to become habitat (food source) for ebony leaf monkey were T. grandis, Dipterocarpus gracilis, Quercus sundaica and Ficus superba. The highest diversity index was at seedling gwoth stage.
Mangrove Cultivation For Dealing With Coastal Abrasion Case Study Of Karangsong
Authors: Fatimatuzzahroh Feti , Hadi Sudharto P. , Purnaweni Hartuti
Published: February 2018

Coastal abrasion is consequence from destructive waves and sea current. One of cause is human intervention. The effort to solve of abrasion is by mangrove cultivation. Mangroves are halophyte plant that can restrain the sea wave. Mangrove cultivation required participation community that give awareness the importance of mangrove in coastal sustainability. Mangroves in coastal Karangsong, Indramayu west java, in 2007 was through abrasion approximately 127.30 ha. Mangrove cultivation in Karangsong has been replanting since 1998 to 2003, but there was no maintenance and management. In 2007 until 2015 Karangsong replanting mangroves and has been succeed. Karangsong became the center of mangrove study for west java area in 2015. This achievement is result of cooperation between community, NGO, and local government. In addition, this effort made not only overcome the abrasion problem but also give community awareness about the importance of mangrove cultivation in preventing coastal abrasion throughout community development. This paper reviews abrasion in Karangsong and the impact for local community and empowerment in mangrove cultivation. To achieve the success mangrove cultivation required community development approach from planning process, planting, maintenance and management.
Does Green Investment Increase Financial Performance? Empirical Evidence from Indonesian Companies
Authors: Chariri Anis , Ratna Sari Br Bukit Gretta , Bethary Eklesia Octrine , Uly Christi Bourinta , Meirisa Tarigan Daisy
Published: February 2018

The negative effects of globalization and rapid growth of industries on environment have changed the business paradigm from profit issues to profit, people and planet (triple bottom line). Consequently, a number of companies have invested their money in environmental issues (called as green investment). This study aims to investigate the effect of firm characteristics on green investment and how green investment influences financial performance. Using annual reports of companies receiving the Program for Pollution Control, Evaluation and Rating (PROPER) award and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges in the year of 2009-2014 as research data, the findings showed that firm size, foreign ownership, industry profile, and frequency of audit committee meeting significantly influenced green investment whereas ISO14001 management certification had no effect on it. Interestingly, green investment positively determined an increase in firm financial performance. This reveals that the better the green investment, the higher the financial performance of the companies. The findings contribute to the importance of adopting green investment as a company's strategy to increase profit without destroying the environment. Secondly, this finding can be used by government as a reference for formulating any regulations concerning business and environment. Finally, the finding contributes to the importance of including environmental issues in business education.
Urban Environment Development based on Universal Design Principles
Authors: IR Harsritanto Bangun
Published: February 2018

Universal Design is a design which facilitated full range of human diversity. By applying Universal design principles, urban environment can be more functional and more user-friendly for everyone. This study examined five urban streets of South Korea as a country experienced on developing various urban street designs based on universal design. This study aimed to examine and compare the South Korea cases using seven principles of universal design. The research methods of this study are literature study, case study, and site observation. The results of this study are: South Korea cases are good practices, urgency of implementing the direction into local regulations; and change of urban development paradigm.
Tourism Village Model Based on Local Indigenous: Case Study of Nongkosawit Tourism Village, Gunungpati, Semarang
Authors: Kurniasih  , Maya Nihayah Dyah , Amalia Sudibyo Syafitri , Nur Winda Fajri
Published: February 2018

Officially, Nongkosawit Village has become a tourism village since 2012. However, the economic impact has not been received by the society yet because of inappropriate tourism village model. Therefore, this study aims to find out the best model for the development of Nongkosawit Tourism Village. This research used Analytical Hierarchy Process method. The results of this research shows that the model of tourism village which was suitable to the local indigenous of Nongkosawit Tourism Village was the cultural based tourism village with the percentage of 58%. Therefore, it is necessary to do re-orientation from the natural-based village model into the cultural-based village model by raising and exploring the existing culture through unique and different tourism products.
Towards Water Sensitive City: Lesson Learned From Bogor Flood Hazard in 2017
Authors: Ramdhan Muhammad , Susilo Arifin Hadi , Suharnoto Yuli , Darma Tarigan Suria
Published: February 2018

Bogor known as rain city and it’s located at an altitude range of 190-330 meters above sea level. In February 2017 Bogor experienced a series of natural disasters related to heavy rainfall that fell during that time. The hazard in the form of flash floods that cause casualties was shocked, due to the location of Bogor city that located in the foothills with a fairly steep slope. There is a problem with the drainage system in the city of Bogor. Australia Indonesia Center in cooperation with Bogor city government held a focus group discussion to seek a permanent solution for the problems and so that similar incidents do not occur in the future.