bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DILEMMA OF MUHAMMADIYAH IN ACEH AMIDST THE RELIGIOUS CONTESTATION BETWEEN WAHHABI AND ASWAJA
Authors: Basri Muhammad Ridha
Published: September 2024

The controversy and rejection surrounding the construction of the Muhammadiyah mosque in Bireuen have marked a new chapter in the history of Muhammadiyah in Aceh. Some studies suggest that this is a conflict between Muhammadiyah and traditional Islamic communities. This article presents a different argument, asserting that Muhammadiyah in Aceh has become an organization inadvertently drawn into a religious contestation between two religious communities: the Wahhabi and the Ahlu Sunnah wa Jamaah (Aswaja) groups. Muhammadiyah does not actually have a direct conflict with traditional Islam or the dayah community in Aceh, but it finds itself in a precarious situation when conflicts arise between these two groups. Muhammadiyah becomes entangled with one of these groups due to shared aspects in religious doctrine. The contestation between these two major currents is not only about the domination of doctrines and religious authority but also extends into the competition for access to economic and socio-cultural resources. This situation parallels and echoes the early history of Muhammadiyah in Aceh, where it was inadvertently involved in conflicts between uleebalang/teuku (local rulers) and ulama/teungku (traditional scholars). During that time, Muhammadiyah, allied with uleebalang, found itself confronting ulama.
INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION IN SEX EDUCATION ON 2022 STAMBUK COMMUNICATION SCIENCE STUDENTS AT STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATRA TO REDUCE THE NUMBER OF CASES OF FREE SEX
Authors: Hardiansyah Tubagus Rizki , Nasution Syawaluddin
Published: September 2024

This research investigates the influence of communication in sex education on 2022 standard Communication Science students at UIN North Sumatra in the context of reducing the number of cases of casual sex. This approach integrates communication theories such as information reception and processing theory, interpersonal communication, and persuasive communication theory to understand how communication influences students' sexual understanding and behavior. The results of statistical analysis using the T test and simple regression show that communication in sex education has a significant and positive influence in reducing cases of casual sex among students. This research offers deep theoretical insights and practical implications in designing effective sexual education programs in Islamic academic settings.
Mortalidad en pacientes con COVID 19 con insuficiencia renal y necesidad de diálisis. Una revisión evaluativa
Authors: Meneses-Liendo Victor Hugo , Valencia Valz Ernesto
Published: September 2024

Objetivos: Comparar la mortalidad en pacientes con la COVID-19 e insuficiencia renal y necesidad de hemodiálisis de un hospital general en Lima, Perú y los datos en la literatura mundial, y según áreas geográficas en el mundo.  Material y métodos: Investigación secundaria: artículo de revisión evaluativa, PubMed fue la base de datos utilizada para la búsqueda bibliográfica. Se emplearon las palabras clave “renal failure”, “COVID 19” y “mortality” y los filtros metaanálisis y revisiones sistemáticas. Se incluyeron trece artículos. Resultados: La frecuencia de insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA) y COVID-19 varió entre 8,4 y 26% y en Lima, Perú fue de 22,6%; las tasas de hemodiálisis (HD) en pacientes con la COVID-19 fue de 2,97%, se reportó terapia de reemplazo renal continua (TRRC) en IRA: Asia 1,4%, Europa 5,7% y Norteamérica 4,0% y en Lima, Perú el 44.1% tenían enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) V en HD y el 12,9% recibió HD por primera vez (IRA el 9,7% y ERC el 3,2%); el OR para mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19 e IRA fluctuó entre 11,05 y 23,9 y la mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19 e IRA fue en Asia 33,3%, Europa 29,4%, Norte América 7,4% y en Lima, Perú 81% (66,7% sin HD y 100% con HD); en Lima, Perú 33.3% tenía ERC, con una mortalidad general del 23,7% (15,5% sin HD y 100% con HD), y 44,1% ERC V en HD con una mortalidad del 16,3%. Conclusión: La mortalidad en pacientes con la COVID-19 e insuficiencia renal aguda y hemodiálisis en Lima, Perú fue mayor en relación con los datos en la literatura mundial.
Hipomagnesemia Familiar con Hipercalciuria y Nefrocalcinosis: Mutación del gen CLDN16 (Claudina 16). Reporte de caso
Authors: Loza Munarriz Reyner , Arias Caceres Fernando , Neyra Chagua Victor
Published: September 2024

Se reporta el caso de una niña con historia de crisis  convulsivas  asociada a hipomagnesemia  severa   persistente , hipocalcemia , hipercalciuria,   acompañado de  alteraciones en la función renal, acidosis metabólica  y  Nefrocalcinosis  con  progresión a enfermedad renal crónico estadio 5 (ERCV) con historia familiar de enfermedad renal crónica, cálculos renales y consanguineidad de los padres motivo por el cual se hizo el estudio genético obteniéndose como resultado una mutación patogénica en homocigosis c.446 G>A (p.R149Q) ubicado en el exón 3 del gen CLDN16, lo cual permite la confirmación diagnóstica etiológica de un caso de Hipomagnesemia Familiar con Hipercalciuria y Nefrocalcinosis (HFHNC), sin defectos oculares severos. Así mismo se presenta la evolución postrasplante con buena sobrevida del injerto.
Prevalence of CKIT and PDGFRA Mutation in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors among Filipinos
Authors: Arceno-Belardo Jenissa Amor , Lo Raymundo , Li Rubi , Pua Glenda Lyn , Andal Jose Jasper , Cabral Loraine Kay , Belardo Mark Lourence , Uy Irene Joy , Dumasis Arlie Jean Grace , Go Bianca Patrice , Obong Clydien Kirshee , Ang Daphne
Published: September 2024

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is defined as specific, typically kit (CD117)-positive and CKIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mutation-driven mesenchymal tumors that can occur anywhere in the GI tract. GIST diagnosis relies heavily on immunohistomorphology. However, with the advent of molecular testing, the classification, diagnosis and targeted-therapy for gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors have been greatly improved. In the Philippines, molecular testing is not yet readily available as in other countries. The local molecular profile of gastrointestinal stromal tumors is a point of investigation as treatment may be more tailored to the patients’ needs.
Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of CKIT and PDGFRA mutations among formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded gastrointestinal stromal tumors and other gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors in St. Luke’s Medical Center – Quezon City.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tumor samples diagnosed as Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2017 will be analyzed for KIT and PDGFRA mutations.
Result: The epidemiology of GIST remains constant in that mean age group is the 5th to 6th decade, with equal gender distribution, and stomach followed by small bowel are the most common sites.
Mutational analysis of the GISTs showed predominantly KIT Exon 11 (47.83%) followed by CKIT Exon 9 (13.04%) and PDGFRA Exon 18 (10.87%). For KIT Exon 11, deletion is the most common mutations followed by point mutations. No mutation is detected in 47.83% of GISTs.
Conclusion: Mutational analysis for CKIT-PDGFRA is warranted among GIST patients, as it may significantly influence treatment protocol in our patients.
Adolescent and Young Adult-Friendly Primary Health Care Services in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Werdhani Retno Asti , Wanda Dessie , Surasno Husain Muhammad Fajar , Anindhita Mariska , Koloi Vican Sefiany , Ekawati Fitriana Murriya , Widyahening Indah Suci , Sanci Lena A.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: A comprehensive and innovative adolescent health care programme focusing on adolescent health problems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is lacking. We reviewed the research literature on models for adolescent and young adult (AYA)-friendly primary healthcare services (LMICs).
Methods and Analysis: This scoping review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Review. The PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched. The data were screened with COVIDENCE software® and extracted thematically.
Results: Together, the search generated 1101 articles, 40 of which met the inclusion criteria. The significant domains identified for AYA-friendly healthcare care services in LMICs were health facilities, health literacy, and the environment and empowerment, which were derived from eight themes, namely, appropriate package of services, facility characteristics, data and quality improvement, providers’ competencies, adolescent health literacy, equity and nondiscrimination, community support, and adolescent participation.
Conclusion: The friendly primary health care services model in LMICs should pay attention to health facilities, literacy, and environmental support. The identified domains provide insight for advising and implementing primary healthcare services that provide a trusted, holistic, comprehensive, integrated, and ongoing health service to AYA, thereby closing the gap in healthcare services for AYA.
Perceived Ability and Influencing Factors of the Signage System for Color Vision Deficiency Groups:A Case Study of Metro Travel Processe
Authors: Yang HeBing , Yao MinFeng , Zhang YiKang , Li ZiHan , Li Yueying
Published: September 2024

In the process of wayfinding, people with color vision deficiency (CVD) find it difficult to search and understand the relevant signage and guidance information, which reduces the efficiency of wayfinding decision-making of travellers. The current research on CVD mainly focuses on the digital media interface, and there is a lack of exploration of the signage perception ability of CVD groups in complex environments. In this study, we selected metro travel as the type of behaviour to be studied, chose Xiamen Metro Lvcuo Station and four nodes in the surrounding urban area as the research scope, considered the two pairs of influencing factors of the environment and color vision, and used 360° panoramic view and simulation of CVD to implement the information search experiment, and made a comparative analysis of the relevant eye-movement and visual indexes. The experimental results show that subjects with simulated CVD have a significantly weaker ability to perceive the current signage system than normal color vision (NCV) subjects, and have the ability to be less easily disturbed by the colorful visual environment; changes in the outdoor light environment also significantly affect the ability of the experimental subjects to perceive the signage system. The study explores travel environment enhancement strategies that are friendly to the CVD group based on their unique visual recognition needs. It advocates the analysis of the key points of urban public space design with the concept of inclusiveness, and provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent inclusive construction and optimisation of cities.
Abbasî Gastronomisinde İtidal, Beslenme Uzmanlığı ve Mutfak Literatürü
Authors: Arifoğlu Yunus
Published: September 2024

Beslenme, zaman içerisinde kültürle birleşmiş ve medeniyetin dinamiği haline gelmiş, kimlikle bağdaştırılarak “insan yediği şeydir” ifadesine dönüşmüştür. Bu bakımdan gıda kültürel anlama sahip olmaya başlamıştır. Bir medeniyet içerisinde gastronominin gelişmesiyle de beslenmenin niteliği ön plan çıkmıştır. Hal böyle olunca medeniyetler de gastronomiye büyük önem vermenin gayretinde olmuşlardır. Bu husus bir yandan gastronomiyi üst seviyelere taşırken diğer yandan ise bir çatışmayı doğurmuştur. Krizin nedeni bedenin sınırsız istekleri karşısında insanın kendisini konumlandırma çabası olarak görülmektedir. Ferdin söz konusu bu mücadelesi, insan felsefesinde geniş bir yere sahip olmaya başlamıştır. Yüksek bir kültür ve o çerçevede meydana gelen nefis terbiyesi bu çabanın bir neticesidir. Abbasîler döneminde gastronominin sanat haline gelmesiyle birlikte yemek, üzerinde çalışılan müstakil bir alan haline geldi. Bu ise kapsamlı bir beslenme uzmanlığı literatürünü meydana getirdi. Eski ve yeni birikim bir merkezde buluşturularak yeniden işlendi ve yeni eserler yazıldı ve gastronomi yazın geleneği oluştu. Gastronomiye duyulan ilgi neticesinde önemli bir yekûn tutan eserin ortaya çıktı. Aynı zamanda bunlar Müslüman dünyanın önemli merkezlerinde de yayılmaya ve bilinmeye başlandılar. Bu çalışmada evvela Abbasî gastronomisinde yer edinen ölçülü/itidalli beslenme irdelenmektedir. Akabinde Abbasîlerde meydana gelen beslenme uzmanlığı ve mutfak literatürünün gelişimi ele alınmaktadır.
Göçebe Aşiretlerin Askerî Sisteme Entegrasyonu: IV. Ordu-Hamidiye Süvari Alayları İlişkisi
Authors: Ekinci Abdullah , Yakan İsmail
Published: September 2024

Osmanlı Devleti, askerî kuvvetlerini daima güçlendirme ihtiyacı duymuştur. XIX. yüzyılda da ordunun güçlendirilmesi için asker teminin nasıl gerçekleştirileceği üzerinde durulmuştur. Böylece modern bir ordu oluşturmak için zorunlu askerlik hizmetine geçilmiştir. Fakat muhtelif sebeplerden dolayı bazı bölgeler bu yükümlülükten muaf tutulmuştur. IV. Ordu mıntıkasındaki göçebe aşiretler de zorunlu askerlikten muaf tutulan halk kitlesinin bir kısmını oluşturmaktaydı. 93 Harbi’nden sonra bölgede oluşan otorite boşluğu, asayişin bozulmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Aşiretlerin birbirleriyle çatışmaları ve Ermeni komitecilerinin ayrılıkçı hareketlerinin yanı sıra Rusya ve İran’dan gelebilecek olası saldırılar, bu iç güvenlik ve asayiş problemlerinin başını çekmektedir. Tüm bunlar bölgedeki göçebe aşiretlerden bir askerî güç kurma gerekliliğini doğurmuştur.
Kadim geleneklere bağlı olarak modern bir sistem çerçevesinde kurulan Hamidiye Süvari Alayları, bölgede yeni bir askerî gücü simgelemiştir. Aşiret mensubu fertlerin ise askerlik bilincinin önemini özümsemeleri amaçlanmıştır. Alayların teşkilâtlandırılması, eğitimi, idaresi gibi tüm sorumlulukları IV. Ordu’ya verilmiştir. Alayların oluşturulmasıyla iç güvenlik ve asayişin sağlanması, olası dış saldırılar ve sınır sızmalarına karşı önlem alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Ancak aşiret mensupları genel olarak askerlik bilincini kavrayamamışlar ve alaylardan modern bir askerî teşkilât kurulamamıştır. Çalışmada göçebe aşiretlerden oluşturulan Hamidiye Süvari Alayları’nın askerî yönü ve IV. Ordu ile ilişkisi irdelenecektir.
Amaçları Doğrultusunda Almanların Gözüyle Rusya’da Yaşayan Türkler ve Diğer Unsurlar (1939-1945)
Authors: Özüçetin Yaşar
Published: September 2024

1 Eylül 1939’da, Almanya’nın Polonya’ya taarruzu ile II. Dünya Savaşı başlamış, Almanya tarafından İtalya ve Japonya’nın da içinde bulunduğu mihver ittifakı kurulmuş, Almanya mihver devletlerle birlikte 22 Haziran 1941 başlarında Sovyetler Birliği’ne, Japonya da Güneydoğu Asya ve Orta Pasifik’te ki Amerikan ve İngiliz topraklarının ve kolonilerinin birçoğuna saldırmıştır.
II. Dünya Savaşı’nda Almanya propagandayı geniş anlamda kullanmış, Almanya’nın bu propagandası 1917’de Bolşevik idaresinin barış, hürriyet ve adalet gibi sözlerine inanan ancak, komünist diktatörlerin gerçek yüzünü katliamlara maruz kalmaya başladıkları 1922 yılı ile birlikte gören Rusya’daki Müslüman Türk unsurları nezdinde kısmen etkili olmuştur.
29.04.1943 tarihli Bükreş Büyükelçiliği tarafından Hariciye Vekâletine ilk ve ek olarak gönderilen raporlarda Almanya-Sovyetler Birliği savaşında Rusya’daki Türklerin ve Kafkasyalı milletlerin durumları ve bunlara ilişkin Alman Hükûmeti’nin görüşleri içinde dikkat çekenler başlıca şunlar olmuştur;
Kırımlılar kitle halinde Alman ordusu tarafına geçerek, Ruslara karşı silaha sarılmışlar, Alman Türkologlarının öteden beri dava ettikleri tez, fiiliyatta hak kazanmaya başlamıştır. Siyasî ve askerî mahfilde Rus ile Rus olmayan ve özellikle Türk unsurlar arasında fark gözetilmesi görünür duruma gelmiştir.
Rusya’daki Türkler komünizm tesirlerine diğer unsurlara oranla daha az kapılmışlar, Rusyalı ve Kafkasyalı milletler arasında da en ziyade güvenilen unsur, Türkler ve Müslümanlar olmuştur.
Sayıları 20.000’i geçen Kırım gönüllülerinden başka Alman ordusu yanında en fazla sayıya ulaşan Türkistanlı ve Kafkasyalılardan (Azerbaycanlı, Kazanlı, Gürcü, Ermeni) oluşan lejyonlar da savaşmışlar, bu milletleri temsil eden, ülkelerinden göç etmiş olan siyasilerle de temasa geçilerek, Rus olmayan ülkelerin gelecekteki millî teşkilatları hakkında belirli bir plan hazırlamak düşünceleri zihinleri meşgul etmiştir.
Ancak, bütün bunlara rağmen daha sonra Alman siyasetinin Rusya’daki milletlere karşı yalnızca menfi bir parolaya dayandığı, bunun ise yeterli olmadığı Almanlar nezdinde de anlaşılmıştır.
Bu çalışmada, 29.04.1943 tarihli Bükreş Büyükelçiliği tarafından Hariciye Vekâletine ilk ve ek olarak gönderilen raporlar nezdinde Almanya’nın kendileri ile kesişim noktası komünizm ve Rus karşıtlığı olan Müslüman Türk unsurlarından yararlanma arzusu ve faaliyeti incelenmiştir.
Osmanlı Sosyal Hayatında Bisikletin Benimsenmesi ve Yaygınlaşması
Authors: Hüner Cenk
Published: September 2024

Kişisel ulaşım konusunda binlerce yıldır kullanılan binek hayvanlarına bir alternatif olması amacıyla 1817 yılında icat edilen bisiklet, geçirdiği gelişim ve dönüşüm sonucunda 19. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren tüm dünyada yayılmaya başlamıştır. Osmanlı Devleti'nde ise bisiklet, 1890'lı yıllardan itibaren öncelikle İstanbul, İzmir ve Balkan şehirleri gibi bölgelerde boy göstermeye başlamış ve giderek bisikletli sayısında artış yaşanmıştır. Bu makalede Osmanlı sosyal hayatında bisikletin tanıtılması ve benimsenmesinde etkili olan unsurlara değinilecektir. Bu kapsamda bisiklet cemiyetleri, bisiklet yarışları, velodromlar ve Yurtiçi bisiklet seyahatleri konuları incelenecektir. Yine Osmanlı basınında çıkan bisikletin sağlık üzerindeki etkileri ve kadınların bisiklet kullanımı tartışmalarına yer verilecektir.
Tenencia de cerdos y letrinas como factores de riesgo de parasitosis intestinales en dos comunidades de Guerrero, México
Authors: Villalobos Nelly , León Luna Leticia , Chávez-Guitrón Lorena Elizabeth , Núñez Martínez Guadalupe , Martínez Maya José Juan
Published: September 2024

Objective: To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in humans and its relationship with some risk factors in two communities of Guerrero, Mexico. Material and methods: Diagnosis was made using the Faust technique and copro-ELISA. A survey was conducted in parallel to gain information on aspects that favor parasitosis. Results: 305 individuals were evaluated. Of these, 181 (59.3%) were positive according to Faust. The most frequent parasite was Ascaris sp., with 118 positive cases (38.7%); significant variations were observed between both communities, as 101/184 (54.9%) were identified in Yoloxóchitl, while only 17/121 (14.05%) were found in Zentixtlahuaca. With regard to the assessment of risk due to the ownership of latrines and pigs, the presence of the latter was found to be a risk factor for taeniosis (p = 0.013), while pig ownership showed protection against other parasitosis in the population (p = 0.03); no significance was found between having latrines and not having latrines. Conclusions: The results of coproparasitoscopic examination suggest that, while cohabitation with pigs could be a protective or a risk factor, depending on the situation, they surely also depend on other conditions, such as open defecation and the consumption of meat with metacestodes, so a comprehensive approach should be applied to solve them.
Avatar Intervention in Virtual Reality for Cannabis Use Disorder in Individuals With Severe Mental Disorders: Results From a 1-Year, Single-Arm Clinical Trial
Authors: Giguere Sabrina , Beaudoin Mélissa , Dellazizzo Laura , Phraxayavong Kingsada , Potvin Stéphane , Dumais Alexandre
Published: September 2024

Background

The dual diagnosis of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and severe mental disorder (SMD) results in clinically complex individuals. Cannabis use is known to have negative consequences on psychiatric symptoms, medication compliance, and disease prognosis. Moreover, the effectiveness of currently available psychotherapeutic treatments is limited in this population. In this context, our research team developed avatar intervention, an approach using virtual reality as a therapeutic tool to treat CUD in individuals with SMD.

Objective

This pilot clinical trial aimed to evaluate, until the 1-year follow-up, the efficacy of avatar intervention for CUD among 32 participants with a dual diagnosis of SMD and CUD.

Methods

Over the course of the 8 intervention sessions, participants were given the opportunity to enter a dialogue in virtual reality with an avatar representing a person with a significant role in their consumption, who was animated in real time by a therapist. The primary outcomes were the quantity of cannabis consumed and the frequency of use. Secondary outcomes included severity of problematic cannabis use, motivation for change, protective strategies for cannabis use, consequences of cannabis use, psychiatric symptoms, and quality of life. Changes in reported outcomes during the assessment periods before the intervention; postintervention; and 3, 6, and 12 months after the end of the intervention were assessed using a linear mixed-effects model.

Results

Significant reductions were observed in the quantity of cannabis consumed, and these were maintained until the 12-month follow-up visit (d=0.804; P<.001; confirmed by urine quantification). Frequency of cannabis use showed a small significant reduction at the 3-month follow-up (d=0.384; P=.03). Moreover, improvements were observed in the severity of CUD, cannabis-related negative consequences, the motivation to change cannabis use, and the strategies used to mitigate harms related to cannabis use. Finally, moderate benefits were observed for quality of life and psychiatric symptoms.

Conclusions

Overall, this unique intervention shows promising results that seem to be maintained up to 12 months after the end of the intervention. With the aim of overcoming the methodological limitations of a pilot study, a single-blind randomized controlled trial is currently underway to compare the avatar intervention for CUD with a conventional addiction intervention.
Current State of Connected Sensor Technologies Used During Rehabilitation Care: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Rauzi Michelle R , Akay Rachael B , Balakrishnan Swapna , Piper Christi , Gobert Denise , Flach Alicia
Published: September 2024

Background

Connected sensor technologies can capture raw data and analyze them using advanced statistical methods such as machine learning or artificial intelligence to generate interpretable behavioral or physiological outcomes. Previous research conducted on connected sensor technologies has focused on design, development, and validation. Published review studies have either summarized general technological solutions to address specific behaviors such as physical activity or focused on remote monitoring solutions in specific patient populations.

Objective

This study aimed to map research that focused on using connected sensor technologies to augment rehabilitation services by informing care decisions.

Methods

The Population, Concept, and Context framework will be used to define inclusion criteria. Relevant articles published between 2008 to the present will be included if (1) the study enrolled adults (population), (2) the intervention used at least one connected sensor technology and involved data transfer to a clinician so that the data could be used to inform the intervention (concept), and (3) the intervention was within the scope of rehabilitation (context). An initial search strategy will be built in Embase; peer reviewed; and then translated to Ovid MEDLINE ALL, Web of Science Core Collection, and CINAHL. Duplicates will be removed prior to screening articles for inclusion. Two independent reviewers will screen articles in 2 stages: title/abstract and full text. Discrepancies will be resolved through group discussion. Data from eligible articles relevant to population, concept, and context will be extracted. Descriptive statistics will be used to report findings, and relevant outcomes will include the type and frequency of connected sensor used and method of data sharing. Additional details will be narratively summarized and displayed in tables and figures. Key partners will review results to enhance interpretation and trustworthiness.

Results

We conducted initial searches to refine the search strategy in February 2024. The results of this scoping review are expected in October 2024.

Conclusions

Results from the scoping review will identify critical areas of inquiry to advance the field of technology-augmented rehabilitation. Results will also support the development of a longitudinal model to support long-term health outcomes.

Trial Registration

Open Science Framework jys53; https://osf.io/jys53

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/60496
Efficacy and Safety of a Therapy Combining Sintilimab and Chemotherapy With Cryoablation in the First-Line Treatment of Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Protocol for a Phase II, Pilot, Single-Arm, Single-Center Study
Authors: Gao Zhiqiang , Teng Jiajun , Qiao Rong , Qian Jialin , Pan Feng , Ma Meili , Lu Jun , Zhang Bo , Chu Tianqing , Zhong Hua
Published: September 2024

Background

Immunotherapy has significantly advanced lung cancer treatment, particularly in nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with overall response rates between 50% and 60%. However, about 30% of patients only achieve a stable disease state. Cryoablation has shown potential to enhance immunotherapy by modifying the tumor’s immune microenvironment through the release of antigens and immune factors. Addressing how to boost the immune response in these patients is critical.

Objective

This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of immunochemotherapy in combination with cryoablation as a first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC.

Methods

This is a phase II, pilot, open-label, single arm, single center, interventional study. Patients with stage IIIB to IIIC or IV NSCLC with T staging ranging from T1 to T2b will receive sintilimab (200 mg/m2 every 3 weeks) and chemotherapy. After 2 cycles, the feasibility of cryoablation will be considered for those with stable disease by a multidisciplinary team. Cryoablation with 3 freeze-thaw cycles will be performed for the main lesion. The third cycle of systemic therapy will begin 7 (SD 3) days after cryoablation. A total of 20 patients will be enrolled. Treatment will continue until the disease progresses, there is unacceptable toxicity, a participant withdraws consent, other discontinuation criteria are met, or the study reaches completion. The primary objective is to assess progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary objective is to assess efficacy through duration of response, disease control rate, overall survival (OS), and the safety profile. The exploratory objective is to investigate and compare immune factor changes after 2 cycles of immunochemotherapy and at 1, 3, and 7 days after cryoablation. Survival time will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate median PFS and OS. Any adverse events that occur during the trial will be promptly recorded.

Results

The project was funded in 2024, and enrollment will be completed in 2025. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2027.

Conclusions

This study will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of the combination of immunochemotherapy and cryoablation as a first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC. Although it has a limited sample size, the findings of this study will be used in the future to inform the design of a fully powered, 2-arm, larger-scale study.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06483009; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06483009

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/64950
HOME GARDENS AS A LIVELIHOOD STRATEGY IN A COASTAL COMMUNITY: THE CASE OF BAHÍA DE KINO, SONORA.
Authors: Zapata Jaime Berenice , Murillo Castillo Karla D. , Frongillo Edward A. , Corella Madueño María Alba , Urquidez Romero René , Quizán Plata Trinidad
Published: September 2024

Home gardens are a livelihood strategy that has improved food security of rural and agricultural households. People in fishing communities are vulnerable to food insecurity because their income depends on the fishing season. Therefore, this study aimed to implement home gardens as a livelihood strategy among households in the fishing community of Bahía de Kino Sonora. Through semi-structured interviews, 91 households were asked about their perspectives regarding the benefits of having a home garden and their experiences after implementation, and analyzed using the constant comparison method. The Mann-Whitney test was used to measure differences in kilograms of vegetables harvested in households with food security and food insecurity and changes in vegetables consumed by children were also estimated using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. About 80% of households harvested and consumed from their own crops. The contribution of the garden to food security was 164.1 kg of vegetables in households with food insecurity and 63.6 kg in households with food security (p=0.03). Also, vegetable consumption increased about 300 g per day in children from households food insecurity (p<0.001). After the implementation and the harvesting of vegetables, households experienced increased availability of vegetables, integration and family well-being. The implementation of home gardening met household expectations and had positive benefits on diversifying the diet of households in the community of Bahia de Kino including vegetable consumption by their children.
Identificación del capital del productor cañero en Tamaulipas y su percepción del cultivo mediante escalamiento multidimensional.
Authors: Paz Pérez Daniel Eduardo
Published: September 2024

La caña de azúcar, ha disminuido su productividad en campo y fábrica en México en la última década, por lo que el agricultor, debe realizar su cultivo con el uso de mejores prácticas, para incrementar la rentabilidad del cultivo y su capital. Esta investigación, buscó identificar cuáles dimensiones del conocimiento, experiencia, percepción y prácticas agrícolas que realizan los productores cañeros en Tamaulipas, determinan la estructura de su capital, conforme con la teoría económica neoclásica de Bourdieu, por medio de escalamiento multidi­mensional. Se utilizó un cuestionario con escalas dicotómicas y politómicas de tipo Likert, se recogieron las respuestas mediante entrevistas directas con 546 productores cañeros de seis municipios del sur del estado, en una muestra obtenida en dos etapas (por estratos y por conglomerados) y se realizaron las pruebas estadísticas recomendadas con SPSS©. Se encontró que la estructura del capital del productor cañero tamaulipeco, está bastante cohesionada y es acrecentada por el capital cultural, esto es, por los conocimientos y experiencia obte­nidos en el manejo del cultivo y en menor medida, por los recursos económicos involucrados; el capital social se observó más disperso entre los productores de la zona. El principal hallazgo, es la evidencia de percepciones disímiles de los agricultores sobre el rendimiento y la rentabilidad de la caña, así como resistencia al cambio de la variedad de semilla, ya que tres de cada cuatro productores, siembran la variedad CP 72-2086.
Tendencias de los valores de temperatura y lluvia en la cuenca del Río Atoyac, Oaxaca.
Authors: García-Santos Jesús , Ibañez Castillo Laura Alicia , Arteaga-Ramírez Ramón , Carrillo-García Mauricio
Published: September 2024

En el presente trabajo, se realizó un análisis de datos climatológicos para identificar una tendencia de los valores de temperatura y lluvia dentro de la cuenca Río Verde - Río Atoyac, en el Estado de Oaxaca. Dicha información, se analizó con el software RClimDex, para obtener las tendencias que presentan a través del tiempo. Se encontró que, se presenta un decremento en la cantidad de días frescos, aumento en las noches frías, aumento de la duración de los periodos fríos y aumento de días con heladas. Se encontró, un incremento considerable de los días secos consecutivos, incremento de rango diurno de temperatura, aumento de índice simple de intensidad diaria de la lluvia, aumento de días de verano, más días calurosos, mayor duración de los periodos cálidos, y valores más extremos de temperatura mínima y máxima. Para tener una panorámica más completa, se analizó una proyección escenario lejano (2075-2099), se observó que se espera una disminución de alrededor de 4% en las láminas precipitadas para casi todos los meses, un aumento en la temperatura máxima de hasta 4.8 oC para octubre y un aumento en la temperatura mínima de hasta 5.2 oC para octubre. La conclusión general, con ambos enfoques, análisis de tendencias de los datos medidos con los escenarios teóricos lejanos, es que las temperaturas, tendrán un incremento drástico, no así la lluvia, por el momento. Aunque en la tendencia, a partir del análisis de datos, se encontró un aumento en la intensidad diaria de la lluvia.
Valoración biocultural de la milpa mazahua en una comunidad del noreste del Estado de México.
Authors: Bastida-Francisca Isabel , Ávila-Nájera Dulce María , Pedraza–Mandujano Joel , Guzmán-Gómez Elsa , Santiago-Mejía Horacio , Albino Garduño Rocio
Published: September 2024

El valor biocultural de la milpa mazahua y su contribución a la soberanía alimentaria, ha sido poco estudiado. El objetivo de la investigación, fue explicar las relaciones que se desarrollan en el sistema milpa mazahua, para la comprensión de su importancia social, cultural, simbólica, económica y la contribución a la alimentación de la población. El trabajo se desarrolló, con una familia extensa en San Antonio la Ciénega, una comunidad mazahua del noroeste del Estado de México. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de observación participante, entrevistas a profundidad, diario y mediciones de campo. La información se analizó, desde la teoría de Pierre Bourdieu. Con la milpa, se genera una dinámica de relaciones socioculturales representadas por saberes locales, relaciones económicas, simbólicas (siete rituales), el uso y destino de las especies cultivadas y no cultivadas. Las mujeres, principalmente, se encargan de compartir con grupos sociales de la comunidad, en reciprocidad, los productos de la milpa. Se describen 34 morfo especies de arvenses que apoyan a la diversidad de alimentos y la economía familiar. Con el sistema milpa, las familias alcanzan la seguridad alimentaria humana de maíz (se requieren 295m2 del sistema, para abastecer el consumo per cápita); sin embargo, la producción para el consumo total de la unidad de producción, no se alcanza por la escasa superficie de cultivo familiar. Frente al escenario de la actual crisis civilizatoria, surge la necesidad de revalorizar la milpa mazahua, como una forma de producción basada en la ayuda mutua y la reciprocidad familiar y comunitaria.
Causas de contraindicación psicosocial de donante vivo de riñón en un centro trasplantador
Authors: Torres-Gutiérrez Manuel , Galvis Sonia Julieth , Lozano-Suárez Nicolás , Ibarra-Padilla Marianella , Gómez-Montero Andrea , García-López Andrea , Girón-Luque Fernando
Published: September 2024

Contexto: la evaluación psicosocial del potencial donante vivo de riñón conlleva un riguroso proceso para validar que el candidato toma la mejor decisión. Hay una amplia cantidad de literatura sobre las razones de contraindicación médica, mientras que las razones de contraindicación psicosocial son limitadas.
Objetivo: este estudio buscó describir las razones psicosociales que contraindican a donantes vivos de riñón en un centro trasplantador de Colombia.
Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal retrospectivo de donantes vivos potenciales de riñón entre los años 2008 y 2019 en Colombiana de Trasplantes, evaluados por el área de salud mental. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y también se realizaron las pruebas de Chi cuadrado y de Fisher para comparar ambas muestras poblacionales con valor significativo de p < 0,05.
Resultados: se evaluaron 1488 donantes posibles, donde el 53,9?% eran mujeres con mediana de 38 años (29-48), de los cuales 166 (11,1?%) resultaron contraindicados. Hubo diferencias en edad, sexo, estado civil, relación y dependencia donante-receptor (p < 0,05). Además, la mayoría fueron contraindicados por razones éticas (56,6?%), éticas y psicológicas (21,1?%), mientras que el 11,5?% correspondió a razones legales y éticas.
Conclusiones: este estudio es un abordaje inicial al tema de donantes vivos de riñón en Colombia. Recomendamos priorizar la producción científica colaborativa, estableciendo una línea de base en evaluación psicosocial en el proceso de donación de órganos en Colombia.
Particularism About Arguments
Authors: Alhambra José
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to develop the notions of particularism and generalism in argumentation theory. Generalism is the claim that to argue we need general rules that specify which data support which conclusions, while particularism denies it. The problem is that it is not always clear what these rules consist of, and in what sense argumentation depend on them. To clarify this, I will first introduce the discussion in moral philosophy and show how it has been adapted to argumentation theory. Then I will distinguish some ways of understanding rules and contend that their alleged necessity might be supported in at least three ways. This will allow me to identify some variants of generalism and, on this basis, to outline what I consider to be the most promising reading of particularism.
L’objectif de cet article est de développer les notions de particularisme et de généralisme en théorie de l’argu-mentation. Le généralisme est l’affirma-tion selon laquelle pour argumenter, nous avons besoin de règles générales qui pré-cisent quelles données soutiennent que-lles conclusions, alors que le particula-risme le nie. Le problème est qu’il n’est pas toujours clair en quoi consistent ces règles et dans quel sens l’argumentation en dépend. Pour clarifier cela, je com-mencerai par introduire la discussion en philosophie morale et montrerai com-ment elle a été adaptée à la théorie de l’argumentation. Ensuite, je distinguerai quelques façons de comprendre les règles et soutiendrai que leur prétendue nécessité pourrait être soutenue d’au moins trois façons. Cela me permettra d’identifier certaines variantes du géné-ralisme et, sur cette base, d’esquisser ce que je considère comme la lecture la plus prometteuse du particularisme.
On the Ethics of Real-Life Examples of Argument
Authors: Aikin Scott F.
Published: September 2024

Argumentation theorists know that their work has real-life application, and similarly, they draw inspiration for that work from real-life experiences. Sometimes, it comes from some public medium – the newspaper, a blog, a debate stage. But we also draw from more private reason-exchanges – a conversation with a neighbor, small-talk with a colleague, or a lovers’ spat. A few worries about publicly theorizing about those more private cases arise. We may be making public something that was unguarded, and so betray a trust. Our theoretical reflections may themselves warp the relationship we’d originally savored, particularly when our partners know about the possibility of them being publicly scrutinized. Novelists and poets regularly struggle with this challenge with their work, and we argumentation theorists should, too.
 
Les théoriciens de l’argumentation savent que leur travail a des applications concrètes et, de la même manière, ils s’inspirent d’expériences réelles. Parfois, ces idées proviennent d’un média public – un journal, un blog, une tribune de débat. Mais nous nous inspirons aussi d’échanges de raisonnement plus privés – une conversation avec un voisin, une petite conversation avec un collègue ou une dispute amoureuse. Nous craignons de théoriser publiquement sur ces cas plus privés. Nous pouvons rendre public des commentaires irréfléchis et ainsi trahir une confiance. Nos réflexions théoriques peuvent déformer la relation que nous avions initialement très appréciée, en particulier lorsque nos partenaires savent qu’ils peuvent être scrutés publiquement. Les romanciers et les poètes sont régulièrement confrontés à ce défi dans leur travail, et nous, les théoriciens de l’argumentation, devrions également le faire.
Does argumentation change minds?
Authors: Santibáñez Cristián
Published: September 2024

Our intuition is straightforward: yes, argumentation changes minds. It can’t be otherwise! But many cognitive and discursive habits seem to suggest otherwise. As the literature in the psychology of reasoning incessantly emphasizes, we hardly change our minds (and the minds of others) because a predisposed robust confirmation bias (or myside bias) is at work every time we argue, among other persistent cognitive illusions (Pohl, 2012), heuristics and biases (Santibáñez, 2023). To adequately answer the questions of why and how argumentation changes minds, if at all, this paper frames the problem in an evolutionary perspective. My main thesis is that argumentative competence changes minds because its ultimate goal (Laland et al., 2011; Scott-Phillips, Dickins & West, 2011) is to construct the future to predict more accurately (Suddendorf, Redshaw & Bulley, 2022). This idea converges with some evolutionary analysis of other cognitive skills and cultural inventions. To explain my perspective, I use the distinction between ultimate and proximal goals of a trait, and the cultural background of argumentative competence plays a fundamental role within this distinction.
Notre intuition est simple: oui, l’argumentation change les men-talités. Mais de nombreuses habitudes cognitives et discursives suggèrent le contraire. Comme le soulignent sans cesse les écrits sur la psychologie du raisonnement, nous ne changeons guère d’avis parce qu’un biais de con-firmation robuste (ou biais de-mon-côté) prédisposé est à l’oeuvre lorsque nous argumentons. Pour répondre adéquatement aux questions de pour-quoi, comment et si l’argumentation change les mentalités, je pose le prob-lème dans une perspective évolution-niste. Je soutiens que la compétence ar-gumentative change les mentalités parce que son but ultime est de con-struire l’avenir, de prédire avec plus de précision. Cela converge avec les anal-yses évolutionnistes d’autres compé-tences cognitives et inventions cul-turelles. Pour expliquer ma perspec-tive, j’utilise la distinction entre les buts ultimes et proximaux d’un trait.
Robot Consciousness
Authors:   Research Director, Futures & Forecasts, Inc., Vancouver, B.C., Canada, V6R4H8, Ripley Stephen B.
Published: September 2024

Interest has been renewed in the study of consciousness, both theoretical and applied, following developments in 20th and early 21st century logic, metamathematics, computer science, and the brain sciences. In this evolving historical narrative, I explore several theoretical questions about the types of artificial intelligence and offer several conjectures about how they affect possible future developments in this exceptionally transformative field of research. I also address the practical significance of the advances in artificial intelligence in view of the cautions issued by prominent scientists, politicians, and ethicists about the possible historically unique dangers of such sufficiently advanced general intelligence, including by implication the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Integrating both the theoretical and practical issues, I ask the following: (a) is sufficiently advanced general robotic intelligence identical to, or alternatively, ambiguously indistinguishable from human intelligence and human consciousness, and if so, (b) is such an earthly robotic intelligence a kind of consciousness indistinguishable from a presumptive extraterrestrial robotic consciousness, and if so, (c) is such a human-created robot preferably able to serve as a substitute for or even entirely supplant human intelligence and consciousness in certain exceptionally responsible roles? In the course of this investigation of artificial intelligence and consciousness, I also discuss the inter-relationships of these topics more generally within the theory of mind, including, emergence, free will, and meaningfulness, and the implications of quantum theory for alternative cosmological ontologies that offer suggestive answers to these topics, including how they relate to Big History.
Robot Consciousness: Physics and Metaphysics Here and Abroad
Authors:   Research Director, Futures & Forecasts, Inc., Vancouver, B.C., Canada, V6R4H8, Ripley Stephen B.
Published: September 2024

Interest has been renewed in the study of consciousness, both theoretical and applied, following developments in 20th and early 21st century logic, metamathematics, computer science, and the brain sciences. In this evolving historical narrative, I explore several theoretical questions about the types of artificial intelligence and offer several conjectures about how they affect possible future developments in this exceptionally transformative field of research. I also address the practical significance of the advances in artificial intelligence in view of the cautions issued by prominent scientists, politicians, and ethicists about the possible historically unique dangers of such sufficiently advanced general intelligence, including by implication the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Integrating both the theoretical and practical issues, I ask the following: (a) is sufficiently advanced general robotic intelligence identical to, or alternatively, ambiguously indistinguishable from human intelligence and human consciousness, and if so, (b) is such an earthly robotic intelligence a kind of consciousness indistinguishable from a presumptive extraterrestrial robotic consciousness, and if so, (c) is such a human-created robot preferably able to serve as a substitute for or even entirely supplant human intelligence and consciousness in certain exceptionally responsible roles? In the course of this investigation of artificial intelligence and consciousness, I also discuss the inter-relationships of these topics more generally within the theory of mind, including, emergence, free will, and meaningfulness, and the implications of quantum theory for alternative cosmological ontologies that offer suggestive answers to these topics, including how they relate to Big History.
Big History, Chaos Theory, and the Solar-Induced Aurora: Illustrating the Entangled Phases of Human Development with Cosmic Plasma at the Geospace Interface
Authors:   Eastern Washington University, Slack Edward R. , Schoch Robert M. , Ulissey Catherine
Published: September 2024

This research explores humanity’s cognitive evolution within the framework of Big History, identifying three primary mechanisms—natural selection, symbolic language, and collective learning—as key to our species’ unique development. The study argues that external symbolic storage, first seen in the Upper Paleolithic era, revolutionized Homo sapiens’ ability to transmit knowledge across generations, with evidence of such systems found as early as 130,000 years ago. The paper contends that extreme space weather events, including auroral activity, played a significant role in triggering bursts of mental complexity, particularly during three prehistoric junctures: 130,000–100,000 ybp, 40,000–39,000 ybp, and 25,000–11,700 ybp. These epochs are linked to key milestones in material culture, such as rock art and symbolic artifacts. By analyzing the alignment between space weather episodes and shifts in hominid behavior, the study offers new perspectives on the cognitive milestones that laid the groundwork for complex social organization, symbolic expression, and the eventual rise of civilization. The findings suggest that symbolic and visual systems, predating written language, were influenced by both environmental and cosmic factors, providing a foundation for the continued evolution of human cognition.