bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic Extraction, Purification and Evaluation of Long Chain Fatty Alcohol from Saccharum officinarum of Sugar Refinery Waste for Human Wellness
Authors: A.K Singh , R Kharb , J.B Kandpal
Published: October 2023

The current study has explored an extraction and purification method for 1-octacosanol from sugarcane waste, commonly known as press mud, through the application of SCFE by the unique concept of solid-solid and liquid-liquid extraction which increases content and decreases impurity which is an extra advantage at purification stage by help of green solvent instead any carcinogenic solvent, which reduce process time, increase content and environment friendly. The isolated compounds were characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection, which shows 50% content of octacosanol in the final product. Novel refinement technique through hot ethanolic reflux method has substantially increased the octacosanol assay to ≥ 50% with more than 67% purity from the crude wax assay of 26% obtained by the current method of extraction. The identity of said compound was further authenticated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Diffraction scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FTIR studies. The purity of the octacosanol obtained was ≤70% and the conversion recovery of octacosanol was 80.04% by the reflux method, thereby representing the simplicity of the above process for industrial feasibility. The current process represents a value addition liquid-liquid supercritical extraction with a time-saving, cost-effective, reproducible, newer, green, safe, and sustainable technology valorizing sugarcane waste for a high-end nutraceutical
Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Glibenclamidei Bulk and Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Pranita Jirvankar , Agrawal Rishabh , Chambhare Nikhita , A.Y Sahare
Published: October 2023

Glibenclamide is the choice of medicine for diabetes type II. There are numerous methods for estimation; however the methods are either not suitable or expensive. A simple, cheap, precise, and accurate stability-indicating HPLC method was developed and further validated. The wavelength of 229 nm with a constant flow rate of (Methanol: Mixed Phosphate Buffer, 70:30% v/v (pH 7.3)) 1 mL/min was used during the experimentation. The run time was (run time). The internal standard used was (Internal standard). The sample eluted and showed a sharp peak at 2.1 minutes. It was discovered that calibration curve experiments had a 5–50 ppm linearity. The precision of the developed method was lower than 2% RSD. Recovery studies showed that the method’s accuracy and precision ranged from 99.25 to 101.81%. Stress testing was used to determine specificity. The developed method was capable of separating the drug peak from any probable degradation products. There was no evidence of recipient or impurity interference. The method can be used to anticipate how long glibenclamide will be stable. The method was feasible and appropriate for analyzing the presence of glibenclamide in a drug substance as well as a drug product.
Exploring Film Forming Ability of Newly Synthesized Rosin Esters
Authors: Burakale Pramod , Sudke Suresh , Bhise Manish , Tare Harshal , Kachave Ramanlal
Published: October 2023

The present investigation was planned to confirm the film-forming potential of synthesized rosin esters. The free films of rosin esters were prepared by solvent evaporation and characterized for the physicochemical and mechanical attributes. Suitable concentrations of rosin esters were used for coating tablets, and coated tablets were evaluated for official and unofficial quality control tests. The free films had low tensile strength, higher percent elongation value, and smooth surfaces. Therefore, the plasticizer was used to provide tensile strength to the films. The tablets were coated rapidly without agglomeration, confirming the suitability of rosin esters as a coating agent. The drug release from tablets was delayed up to 6 to 8 hours because of 10% w/w coating of rosin ester, and regioselectivity was achieved by coating with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with sodium bicarbonate. The pH-dependent solubility of rosin esters produces chrono-triggered drug release from coated tablets. The present investigation confirms the suitability of newly synthesized rosin esters in in designing a region selective chrono- triggered drug delivery system.
Preparation of Bentonite Clay/TiO2 Nanocomposites Surface as Drug Carrier: In-vitro Release Study of Chloramphenicol Drug
Authors: Al-Hussainawy Mohammed K , Aljeboree Aseel M , Jawad Mohammed A , Sheri Fatime S , Alkaim Ayad F
Published: October 2023

The delivery of pharmaceuticals via nanocomposites has become a fascinating area of study in recent years, with applications in the development of tools and the treatment of infections and cancer. The porous properties of titanium dioxide and clay nanocomposites play a key role in the targeted delivery system. So, the large surface area and porous volume have more interest in the delivery of drugs and their loading. In this study, bentonite clay and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposites were synthesized by a hydrothermal method to guide infections and drugs. The composites of nanocomposites were used by the adsorption technique as loading drugs and studied for their ability to deliver drugs. It was confirmed that titanium oxide was added to the bentonite clay through the EDX and XRD. Sharp diffraction values were observed by the X-ray spectrum for clay and titanium oxide and less intensity for the superimposed (TiO2/bentonite), While it was found that EDX spreads the titanium and other ions. The thermal stability of the composite (TiO2/bentonite) was increased after adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The removal rate of chloramphenicol was higher in the base media, reaching 98% for both bentonite and TiO2/bentonite. An examination of the release rate of the drug was carried out by bentonite clay and TiO2/bentonite in the stomach and blood media, and the percentage of release was 26.6 and 5% in pH 1.2 and 7.5 for bentonite and 54.6 and 23.6% in pH 1.2 and 7.5, respectively, for TiO2/bentonite.
Neuroprotective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid against Pentylenetetrazol Induced Kindled Epilepsy in Mice
Authors: Singh Akansha , Singh Lubhan , Pandey Rupesh , Singh Prabhat , Ali Moazzam , Kaushik Rahul , Soni Priyadarshini
Published: October 2023

Background: Epilepsy is a group of chronic neurological disorders characterized by seizures. Kindling, a chronic epileptic mouse model that was used to explore the epileptogenic mechanism and seeking new anti-epileptics. In kindling, sub-convulsive (chemical/ electrical) stimuli are delivered repeatedly and erratically, eventually causes massive convulsions. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of chlorogenic acid, a phenolic acid derived from coffee, on seizure severity and kindling progression. Memory impairment inflammation due to oxidative stress by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Objective: This study was used to investigate the neuroprotective effect of chlorogenic acid against pentylenetetrazol induced kindled epilepsy in mice. Methods: Kindling was provoked by subsequent (one-day-gap) injections of PTZ (subconvulsive; 35 mg/kg; s.c.) for 29 days in mice. The experimental protocol included six groups (n=6) receiving proconvulsant doses of PTZ (35 mg/kg i.p.) every other day for 31 days. Alternating subcutaneous injections of PTZ induced priming with 15 injections of PTZ. Compared with the PTZ group, pre-treatment with chlorogenic acid (5 and 10 mg/kg) 1 h before PTZ administration reduced seizure score, reduced metastasis latency due to increased normal maze, and decreased metastasis latency extension at FST. PTZ-induced biochemical changes were enhanced in chlorogenic acid-treated animals, as indicated by decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide and AChE levels, and increased SOD, GSH, catalase level. Following PTZ injection, convulsive behaviours were noted for 30 minutes. Open-field-test (locomotor activity), force swimming test (depressive behaviors), elevated plus-maze and passive avoidance tests were employed to evaluate cognition. Brain homogenate was used to estimate oxidative stress (glutathione,superoxide-dismutase, lipid-peroxidation), and acetylcholinesterase activity. Results: This result suggest the neuroprotective potential of chlorogenic acid. This may be correlated with its ability to inhibit oxidative damage and reduce the occurrence of seizures and other related damage. It may be a promising candidate for mitigating the consequences of events. Conclusion: Our findings suggest effect of chlorogenic acid against pentylenetetrazol-induced kindled epilepsy in mice which were established by behavioral and biochemical paradigms
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Drug Delivery Systems for Enhancing the Bioavailability of Antihypertensives
Authors: Chauhan Neeraj K. , Malik Anuj , Ratiyen Paramjeet K.
Published: October 2023

The pharmaceutical industry focuses the SLNs as promising drug deliverance methods for improving bioavailability. SLNs are a swiftly budding field of nanotechnology amid plentiful budding applications in medicine and research. Lipid-based nanoparticles possess unique properties due to their small size, allowing novel therapeutics to be developed. The encapsulation of drugs within nano-carriers presents a new paradigm in drug delivery, enabling enhanced targeting at secondary and tertiary levels. Consequently, SLNs have garnered significant attention from researchers for their site-specific drug delivery. This review enlightens on the responsibilities of SLN for improving the pharmacokinetics of poorly soluble antihypertensive drugs. Profound investigations confirmed SLNs have latent to transfigure antihypertensives through enhanced oral delivery.
Assessment of Blood Lipids in People with Chronic Hypertensive
Authors: Mahmood Methaq N , Hasan Noor S , Majeed Sabreen H
Published: October 2023

High blood pressure remains one of the world’s leading health problems. High blood pressure is already manageable, and early detection can prevent complications by using therapy or changing lifestyle to healthy habits. High blood pressure and dyslipidemia are two of the main hazard factors for cardiovascular disease. The current study was conducted on 60 male and female samples aged 35 to 70 years, which divided the samples into three groups each group including 20 samples. The first group are healthy people who don’t have high blood pressure or chronic diseases (control group), the second group of patients with chronic hypertension without treatment but follow lifestyle modification, and the third group of patients with chronic hypertension with treatment the active substance hydrochlorothiazide and Losartan potassium, The regulated questionnaire information was recorded for all members of the sample and was measured the lipid profile test of triglycerides, cholesterol, lipoprotein (HDL, VLDL, LDL) in serum, atherogenic index plasma, body mass index (BMI), waistline. Levels of triglycerides and cholesterol were a non-significant increase in group of patients hypertensive without treatment and a significant increase in group of patients hypertensive with treatment than the control group. The results of lipoproteins showed non-significant differences than the control group while there was a significant increase in the VLDL level of group patients hypertensive with treatment than the control group. The results also indicated non-significant differences in the groups of atherogenic index plasma, body mass index and waistline measurement except for group of patients hypertensive without treatment that showed a significant increase in BMI than control group.
A Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Nebivolol Hydrochloride in Human Plasma
Authors: Vaditake Kaveri T , Shirkhedkar Atul A
Published: October 2023

Aim of study: To investigate the effects of antipsychotic medications utilized to treat schizophrenic patients and its effects on the reproductive system. Introduction: Antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and other all psychotropic drugs have negative effects on the quality of sperm and sexual activity. These negative side effects differ amongst males and its less severe for some drugs, enabling some degree of control over their effects. Sperm can suffer oxidative damage from spending too much time in the male reproductive system. One of the antipsychotics most frequently administered to treat schizophrenia in adults is quetiapine. In this work, the effects of repeated rats’ healthy production of sperm in response to therapeutic doses of quetiapine was studied. Rats were also used to assess quetiapine’s effects on hormonal balance and oxidative state. Methodology: The experiment employed male wistar rats weighing 300 to 350 g at 10 to 12 weeks of age. The experiment employed male wistar rats weighing 300 to 350 g at 10 to 12 weeks of age. Rats received oral dosages of quetiapine for 30 days. At this time’s conclusion, the body’s weights and the organs were analyzed, additionally to sperm concentration, motility, shape, and degree of sperm damage. The levels of testosterone, LH, and other male hormones related to reproduction were measured in the serum. Malondialdehyde and glutathione levels were measured to assess the oxidative state of testicular tissues. Results: The results of this investigation demonstrated that in rats receiving quetiapine, aberrant sperm morphology increased while relative epididymis weights and sperm concentration dropped. Rats receiving quetiapine experienced a drop in serum LH and testosterone levels. Rats receiving quetiapine also had lower amounts of malondialdehyde, which was assessed. Conclusion: Quetiapine therapy this negative effect may be attributed to lower sperm quality, changed hormone levels, and enhanced oxidative stress.
Supercritical CO2 Extraction, Quantification and Pharmacological Screening of Steroidal Saponins from Fruits of Momordica charantia L
Authors: Jadhav Shailaja , Yadav Adhikarao
Published: October 2023

Momordica charantia L. (MC), a Cucurbitaceae family member, is the most recognized plant for its hypoglycemic activity. Charantin, a steroidal saponin, is the most studied potent phytochemical in MC for diabetes. This research paper aims at the extraction, quantification and pharmacological screening of charantin, from fruits of MC. Extraction was performed by using traditional soxhlet extraction and modified supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) techniques, and compared the results of both techniques in terms of percent extract yield, quantity of charantin and in-vitro antidiabetic activity of both extracts. (Soxhlet extract and SC-CO2 extract). Further, quantitative estimation of charantin in both extracts was done by HPLC-UV method and it was validated as per the ICH guidelines. When compared to soxhlet extract, the SC-CO2 extract displayed high antihyperglycemic activity by blocking α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Study also indicates that SC-CO2 extract had higher antioxidant activity (0.25 mg/mL) than soxhlet extract (0.33 mg/mL), signifying the SFE technique’s efficiency over the traditional soxhlet extraction method. In-vitro antidiabetic study indicated that the biomolecule charantin extracted from fruits of MC possess potent antidiabetic and high antioxidant activities and, therefore, hold potential for manufacturing innovative natural remedies to treat diabetes and its complications with no side effects.
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometric Method Development and Validation for the Quantification of Orlistat in Biological Matrices
Authors: Sundaram K.V , Bhikshapathi D.V.R.N
Published: October 2023

A specific, linear and precise liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method was established and validated for the quantitation of orlistat in sample plasma. Zorbax C18 (4.6 mm i.d.× 50.0 mm; 5.0 μm) stationary phase was utilized to achieve chromatography elution, through a flowing rate of 0.90 mL/min. Isocratic elution was done using methanol, acetonitrile and 0.10% v/v HCOOH in a fraction of 80:10: 10 v/v/v as the mobile phasic system. For drug and internal standard separation, the precipitation extraction technique used acetonitrile as solvent. A triple quadrupole mass detector was employed for the quantification of ions. Electrospray ionization in a positive ionizing method, which was executed in multiple reaction monitorings (MRM) with parent/product ion transitions of m/z 496.4→337.31 for orlistat and 506.23→57.07 for amprenavir internal standard. The calibration graph was executed between the concentrations of 4.75–190.0 ng/mL and the resulting equation was y = 0.0058x + 0.0022 with r2 value of more than 0.99. Orlistat recovery values were found to be more than 93.65%, and its accuracy, measured in relative error, was in the range of -4.48 to 3.49%. Accuracy findings, sensitivity and recovery values of orlistat in the sample plasma for the established technique evidences its importance in pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study.
Assessment of Prescription Patterns and Appropriateness of Antibiotics for Prophylaxis in Dental Procedures: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Jakhar Ashima , Dahiya Nitesh , Patil Amit , Jaiswal Himmat , Mali Sheetal , Sharma Deepak
Published: October 2023

There is a lack of data on dentists’ prescribing behaviors when it comes to the correct use of antibiotics in dental treatments. Antibiotic prescriptions made by dentists were analyzed from a diagnostic perspective in a countrywide study. This study retrospectively examined national health data from January 2018 through August 2019, collected through the Prescription Information System. The analysis only included prescriptions for a single illness and at least one systemic antibiotic. Antibiotic prescribing practices and the role of dental specialization and diagnosis were studied. A total of 9,214,956 prescriptions out of 9,293,410 matched the criteria for inclusion. An average course of antibiotic treatment consists of 1.01 pills. Antibiotics were prescribed most frequently for dental caries (16.2% of cases), dental examinations (20.7% of cases), and periapical abscess without sinuses (28.1% of cases). Antibiotics were prescribed for 96.6% of patients for illogical or confusing reasons, whereas just 3.4% were given based on a single, unambiguous diagnosis, such as cellulitis or a mouth abscess. The most commonly prescribed treatment for any medical issue was amoxicillin combined with an enzyme inhibitor (58.6%). Compared to unidentified dental practitioners (58.2%; p = 0.0001), dental specialists in Groups A and B significantly overprescribed amoxicillin plus an enzyme inhibitor (67.0 and 67.8%, respectively; p = 0.0001) (data not shown). The results of the study suggest that dentists routinely and arbitrarily prescribe antibiotics with questionable rationale in the contexts studied. These results emphasize the need for dentists to begin prescribing antibiotics more deliberately and evidence-based. Educational programs, awareness campaigns, and antibiotic stewardship programmes are just some of the interventions that may be implemented to improve prescribing practices and ensure the correct use of antibiotics in dental operations. The results of this countrywide study highlight problems with dentists’ procedures for prescribing dental antibiotics. The paper states that dentists should base their prescription practices on sound reasoning and empirical data. Dentists can help with global efforts to lower antibiotic resistance and improve patient care if they prescribe them in a more reasonable and responsible manner.
Chemometric Assisted UV-Spectrophotometric Quantification of Cefaclor in Suspension Dosage Form
Authors: Mishra Kirtimaya , Padmasri Budumuru , Vegesna Swetha , Jabeen Asra , Dash Abhilash , Kumar Satyam , Jena Diptimayee
Published: October 2023

In this current study, the quality by design (QbD) concept is used for creating and validating a unique, resilient, accurate, and reliable spectrophotometric approach to quantify cefaclor (CEF) in injections. Fractional factorial design (FFD) was a design implemented to screen the initial parameters. Moreover, the variables went through the central composite design (CCD) to assess the dependency and optimize the design. Several measures were analyzed statistically to determine the appropriateness of the data obtained from the experiments. At 265 nm, by the use of ethanol, cefaclor displays an absorption maximum. Variables like screening, slit-width, and sampling interval were recognized as critical methods and again, evaluation was done by a CCD. A good linearity was produced for cefaclor in the range of 2 to 12 μg/mL, with R2>0.9993. The process was determined for being perfect, having a good average percent recovery (greater than 100%). According to ICH guidelines, validation of the developed method was performed. By implementing QbD principles, the spectrophotometric was created and designed to integrate the quality into the method. The process was manifested for being flexible and appropriate for identifying CEF in pharmaceuticals.
Microvascular and macrovascular complications in non-obese/overweight and obese/overweight type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chavan Digvijay , Lomte Nilesh , Bhattacharya Meenakshi , Singh Akash , Sonavale Ramachandra
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Obesity is defined for the Asian population as a body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m2, while overweight is a BMI between 23 kg/m2 and 24.9 kg/m2. Both obesity and type 2 diabetes are major independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease according to previous literature. The data on the risk of obesity on diabetic complications are scarce, which is why this study was conducted. This study is designed to study the hypothesis that complications of diabetes are more in obese/overweight than in non-obese patients.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted an observational cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center. Patients with known type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our center were serially selected and BMI was calculated and patients were divided into non-obese/overweight and obese/overweight categories according to the World Health Organization recommendations for the Asian population. Patients were assessed for diabetes control and duration of diabetes. Each patient was also evaluated for microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes according to the American diabetes association guidelines. Complications in obese/overweight diabetics and diabetics with normal BMI were compared. SPSS version 23 software was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

A total of 84 admitted diabetics were included, of the 84 patients 45 (53.57%) were women, and 56 (66.67%) were overweight and obese. About 10.71% of diabetics with normal BMI and 26.79% of overweight/obese diabetics had retinopathy. 8 (28.57%) patients in the normal BMI group, while 26 (46.42%) patients in the overweight/obese group had ischemic heart disease (IHD) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Obesity and overweight are associated with a high risk of complications of diabetes, especially retinopathy and IHD. Glycemic control is also poor among obese/overweight diabetics. Microvascular complications occur earlier in obese/overweight diabetics.
Effect of Increasing Ligand Conjugation in Cu(I) Photosensitizers on NiO Semiconductor Surfaces
Authors: Singh Zujhar , Chiong Joseph , Kamal Saeid , Majewski Marek
Published: October 2023

Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells may be used as heterogeneous catalysts for fuel-forming and redox reactions. We describe here the synthesis, characterization, and study of ground and excited state properties of three Cu(I) complexes involving three different ligands with varying electron accepting capacities. Femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption studies confirm the formation of a singly reduced acceptor ligand after photoexcitation of the Cu(I) centre. These complexes are surface anchored onto nanostructured NiO on conductive fluorine-doped tin oxide on glass to fabricate photocathodes. It was found that even though the ligands with increasing conjugation have effects on the formation of the final excited state in solution, they exhibit similar photocurrents upon white light illumination suggesting hole transfer to NiO happening in advance of the formation of the final excited state.
Citric acid as electrolyte additive in aqueous Magnesium-Air battery used in Antarctic climate
Authors: Popov Iliyan , Shirov Boris , Spasova Temenuzhka , Milusheva Yovka , Dancheva Adlin , Boukoureshtlieva Reneta
Published: October 2023

The Magnesium-Air battery is a very attractive energy source due to its high specific energy, low cost and the possibility of rapid mechanical recharge. The use of citric acid as an additive to the electrolyte (sea water) prevents the precipitation of Mg(OH)2 and enhances the behaviour of the magnesium electrode. Due to the better access of electrolyte to the electrode surface, ohmic and polarization resistances are reduced, and the rate of electrochemical reaction is increased. The equilibrium potential is displaced towards lower values for both pure magnesium and magnesium alloy AZ63.Citric acid favours also the performance of the GDE by removing the Mg(OH)2 precipice. A functioning battery is tested under polar conditions at the Bulgarian Antarctic station at Livingstone island.
An Empirical Study on the Disparity in CPTED Related Perception between Middle Manager and CPO of Community Safety Police Service
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Jeong Jiyeon , Park Hyeonho , Oh Jeehyun , Kwon Yejin
Published: October 2023

This study conducted a survey of 74 individuals, middle managers (supervisors/chiefs) and practitioners(CPOs) of Community Safety Police, which play a crucial role in crime prevention, with the cooperation of the Seoul Metropolitan Police to investigate their perceptions of the issues related to the CPTED projects, as well as their perceptions regarding education.
The results of an Independent Samples t-test analyzing the perception differences regarding CPTED projects showed statistically significant differences in collective efficacy, trust of the police, and maintenance. Overall, middle managers exhibited a more positive perception of CPTED projects compared to practitioners. Furthermore, the results of the Cross tab analysis revealed that middle managers recognized budget constraints while practitioners perceived collaboration with other organizations as the most significant problem with CPTED projects and regarding specialized CPO training, practitioners indicated a need for sharing practical CPO case studies, while middle managers responded that CPTED theoretical education is the most necessary.
Through the above research results, it was empirically confirmed the perception gap between practitioners and middle managers who handle the police's CPTED tasks. This underscores the importance of communication efforts between the upper and lower members of the Community Safety Police organization to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of crime prevention tasks.
Priene Doğu Nekropol Şapeli Döşeme Mozaikleri ve Duvar Resimlerinin Ön Değerlendirmesi
Authors: ALATAŞ Ferdi
Published: October 2023

Priene Doğu Nekropolü’nde 2010 yılı kazı sezonunda tespit edilen şapelde 2019 ve 2021 yıllarında ilk kazı çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Doğu Nekropol Şapeli olarak adlandırılan yapı, doğu – batı doğrultulu, dıştan 22,80 x 7,20 m ölçülerinde, tek nefli ve dikdörtgen planlı bir şekilde inşa edilmiştir.

Erken Bizans Dönemi’nden itibaren kullanıldığı tespit edilen Şapelin iç mekân duvar cephelerinin tamamen fresk kaplı olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Şapelin naos kısmında yapılan kazılarda batı duvarı ve kuzey duvarında bulunan fresklerin bir kısmı açığa çıkarılmıştır. Batı duvarında üç, kuzey duvarında ise dört kat fresk tespit edilmiştir.

Şapelde yürütülen kazılar esnasında birçok noktadan mozaik parçalarına ve tesseralara ulaşılmıştır. Özellikle apsisin güney yarısında gerçekleştirilen kazılarda, zemin mozaiği ile kaplı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Naos kısmında ise zemin mozaiğinin çok küçük bir kısmı açığa çıkarılmıştır.

Bu çalışmada, Doğu Nekropol Şapeli’nin taban mozaikleri ve duvar resimlerinin ilk tanıtımı yapılarak, evreleri ve tarihlendirme sorunları ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca duvar resimlerinin ikonografik özellikleri de değerlendirilecektir.
Sinop Balatlar Kilisesi Örnekleri Işığında Erken Bizans Dönemi Mozaiklerindeki Kuş Figürlerinin İkonografisi
Authors: HETTO Ozan
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmanın konusunu Sinop Balatlar Kilisesi Kazısında açığa çıkarılan adak mozaiklerinde görülen kuş figürleri ve ikonografileri oluşturmaktadır. 2016-2021 yılları arasında yürütülen kazı çalışmaları sonucunda açığa çıkarılan 10 farklı panodan oluşan Balatlar mozaikleri Yunanca yazıtlarından da anlaşıldığı üzere belli kişilerin adakları için yapılmıştır. Bulunduğu mekan ve yapılış gayesi bu mozaiklerin ikonografilerinin şekillenmesinde en önemli kilit noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Paganizm etkilerinden sıyrılarak Hristiyan bir kimlik kazanmayı hedefleyen erken Bizans mozaik sanatının tümünde olduğu gibi Balatlar Kilisesi mozaiklerinde de sadeleşme ve geometrik formlar içerisinde sınırlandırılmış alanlarda figürlerin tasvir edildiği görülmektedir. Kuş figürü dışında herhangi bir figüratif süsleme ile karşılaşılmayan Balatlar mozaik örneklerinde 10 farklı cinsten 42 kuş figürünün tasvir edildiği görülür. Kartal, güvercin, keklik, horoz/tavuk, kumru, papağan, leylek, ördek ve çeşitli ötücü kuşların yer aldığı mozaiklerde bu figürlerin tek başlarına ya da birlikte tasvir edildikleri kompozisyona göre çeşitli ikonografik anlamlara geldikleri görülmektedir.

Bilindiği üzere dünya sanat tarihi içerisinde pek çok farklı anlam ile özdeşleştirilen kuş figürleri her dönemde olduğu gibi Hristiyan sanatında da farklı kimi özellikleri doğrultusunda çeşitli anlamlar kazanmış sembolik figürlerdir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı Balatlar Kilisesi Mozaiklerinde karşımıza çıkan kuş figürlerinin cinslerini tayin ederek ikonografilerini tarihsel gelişimle birleştirerek Tevrat ve İncil temelli ikonografik yorumlarını tespit etmektir.
Cosmologic Representations on the Late Antique Mosaics from Bulgaria
Authors: POPOVA Vania
Published: October 2023

The article traces the cosmologic structure and its separate components, reflected on the Late Antique mosaic pavements from the ancient provinces of present-day Bulgaria. Distinguished are three basic historical periods of development. The observations reveal that these lands were receiving ready cosmogonic structure’s schemes after the act of cosmogony from the big artistic centers of Italy, Greece, Asia Minor and North Africa. For several reasons, the cosmologic structure and the components of the Late Antique mosaic pavements from Bulgaria are not full, but limited and adapted, with many missing figural representations in the mosaic pavements and the tomb wall paintings, differently to the Western and the Eastern Mediterranean. This is considered a kind of proto-iconoclasm, due to the influence of heresies and the concrete historical, religious and artistic development. The joyful picture of the Christian Universe changes and disintegrates after the Justinianic period, and the previous Order and Harmony, including the place of each sphere and cosmologic element, is already not fixed, but in free mixture with other figural and symbolic images. The old cosmologic picture comes to its logical end and is replaced by a new one after the beginning of 7th century.
Rhodiapolis Piskoposluk Kilisesi Mozaikleri
Authors: YEŞİL Şehrigül
Published: October 2023

Rhodiapolis antik kentinin (Kumluca, Antalya) akropolisinde yer alan üç nefli kilise, batısında narteks, doğusunda apsis ve yan mekânlarıyla erken dönemin klasik bazilika plan tipine sahiptir. 2007 yılında başlayan kazılarda kilisenin narteks, orta ve yan nefleri ile prothesis bölümlerinde opus tessellatum tekniğindeki geometrik desenlerden oluşan mozaikler ortaya çıkarılmıştır.

Mozaiklerin tümü mermer, kireç taşı ve pişmiş toprak malzemeden düzgün kesilmiş küp biçimli polykrom tesserae ile yapılmıştır. Pano desenlerinin ortak özelliği, beyaz zemin üzerine sarı, kırmızı, pembe, bordo, mavi renkler kullanılarak oluşturulmuş geometrik desenlerin, üç boyutlu bir etki yaratacak şekilde gölgelendirilerek işlenmiş olması ve bunların siyah veya siyaha yakın gri renkli tesserae ile sınırlanmış olmasıdır. Farklı geometrik düzenlemelere sahip on panodan oluşan kuzey nefte ve kesintisiz devam eden tek bir panodan oluşan güney nefte bordür kullanılmamıştır. Prothesis ve orta nefte panolar bordür kullanılarak kapalı bir formda düzenlenmiştir. Nartekste ise, mekân üç ana panoya bölünmüş ve sadece kuzeydeki iki panoda bordür kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca ana desenlerin işçiliklerindeki kalite mekânlara göre farklılık gösterir. Bu farklılıklar kilise mekânlarına ait taban mozaiklerindeki farklı atölyelere işaret eder. Rhodiapolis Kilisesi mozaiklerinde kullanılan Geç Antik Dönem repertuarından seçilmiş desenlerin yakın benzerleri, genellikle 5. yüzyıl ve 6. yüzyıl başına tarihlenen mozaiklerde görülür. Ancak yakın yerleşmeler dikkate alındığında, bu mozaiklerin 5. yüzyıla ait oldukları söylenebilir.
Hierapolis (Pamukkale) Saint Philip Kilisesi Mozaik Harcının Analizi ve Konservasyonu
Authors: NOEI Sına
Published: October 2023

2010 yılında Hierapolis (Pamukkale) Antik Kenti’nde yapılan kazılar sonucu Saint Philip Kilisesi’nde mezar odasının arka tarafında bulunan taban mozaiği kaçak yapılan hafriyat ve meydana gelen depremler sebebiyle büyük ölçüde zarar görmüştür. Yapılan incelemeler sonucu iki panelden oluşan mozaiğin acilen kaldırılması ve koruma altına alınması kararlaştırıldı. 2010 kazı sezonunun son haftasında açığa çıkan mozaik 3 günde kaldırılıp bir sonraki kazı sezonunda konservasyon çalışmalarının yapılması amacıyla depoya yerleştirilmiştir.

Kaldırma sırasında 1 adet harç örneği alınarak; tuz testleri (klorür, sülfat, nitrat ve karbonat), yağ ve protein testi, kızdırma kaybı, asitle muamele sonrasında tane boyutu dağılımı analizi, nem miktarı SEM-EDX, XRD ve petrografik analizler (ince ve kalın (parlak) kesitler, Stereo ve Polarizan Mikroskop ile incelemeler) yapılmıştır.

2011 kazı sezonunda mozaiğin arkasındaki harç mekanik yöntemlerle temizlenerek analiz sonuçları doğrultusunda tessera tabakasının arkasına orijinal harca uygun konservasyon harcı uygulandı ve bir sene kurumaya bırakıldı. 2012 sezonunda ise mozaikler Aerolam panellerin üzerine transfer edilerek konservasyonu yapıldı. İki ayrı aerolam panel üzerine yerleştirilen mozaikler orijinal yerinde sergileme koşulları sağlanana kadar depoda koruma altına alınmıştır.
Balatlar Kilisesi Mozaiklerinin Koruma - Onarım Uygulamaları
Authors: ÖZTÜRK HETTO Sedef , KÜÇÜK Celalettin
Published: October 2023

Anadolu’nun diğer bölgelerine oranla Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki yerleşimlerde bulunan Roma ve Bizans Dönemleri ’ne ait döşeme mozaikleri oldukça az sayıdadır ve dolayısıyla bu bölgedeki mozaik koruma ve onarım uygulamalarına ait veriler de kısıtlıdır. Balatlar Kilisesi kazılarında gün ışığına çıkarılan mozaiklere uygulanan koruma ve onarım yöntemlerinin, daha sonraki çalışmalara kaynak olması bakımından önemlidir. Insitu olarak korunmaları planlanan ve toplam 10 panodan oluşan bu mozaikler üzerinde belgeleme, önleyici koruma ve konservasyon uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Balatlar Kilisesi mozaiklerindeki koruma-onarım uygulamaları ve sonuçları değerlendirilerek sunulmuştur.
Cirugía moderna revisión de técnicas
Authors: Gonzalez Betancourt Daniel , Alvarado Mattos José Luis , Daza Vera Hayro Adalberto , Moreno Briones Ángel Luis , Castro García Walter Eduardo , De León Churta Cristian Lincolin , Rivadeneira Intriago Miguel Eduardo , Sarango Ramos Darwin Isidro , Lucina Flores Bolívar Omar , Pilco Asqui Edgar Enrique
Published: October 2023

“Cuando el bisturí se usa adecuadamente produce milagros y su mal uso ocasiona tragedias” Ochner Bull La medicina en general y la cirugía en particular es un reto constante dados los vertiginosos cambios que estamos presenciando constantemente. Sin duda, la correlación entre la teoría y la práctica es un elemento esencial de este proceso. La adquisición de conocimientos nos enriquecerá paulatinamente en todas nuestras actividades cotidianas, pero en la ciencia médica es absolutamente necesaria y será la fuente del desarrollo de una práctica seria y humana La cirugía general es una rama de la ciencia en la que las manos o los instrumentos con los que operan se utilizan para tratar enfermedades o mejorar la salud. En general, se entiende como una ciencia que engloba el tratamiento integral de la enfermedad e incluye la intervención quirúrgica para corregir deformidades, eliminar defectos, tratar traumatismos, diagnosticar y tratar enfermedades, aliviar el sufrimiento y prolongar la vida. Esta disciplina se basa en dos pilares: la ciencia, incluyendo las técnicas y la instrumentación y el sentido humano, pues es una ciencia al servicio y beneficio de los pacientes. Es una guía que desarrolla el tema de manera sencilla pero directa que contribuye al conocimiento y comprensión de los fundamentos de la cirugía, procedimientos quirúrgicos realizados en la Cirugía General y en varias de sus especialidades, de acuerdo a las indicaciones precisas y aspectos relevantes de la acción quirúrgica. También analiza los fundamentos del uso del salón de operaciones, los instrumentos quirúrgicos, la importancia y los métodos a seguir en la sala de operaciones, qué hacer y qué no hacer y la importancia de la técnica aséptica antes de la cirugía, como el simple lavado de manos para evitar complicaciones, durante y después de la intervención quirúrgica. Dentro de estas consideraciones, el libro explica muchos aspectos importantes de la Cirugía, como su desarrollo histórico, la clasificación de las operaciones, los aspectos éticos y profesionales en cirugía, la robótica como ciencia quirúrgica emergente y la preparación preoperatoria del paciente, riesgos quirúrgicos, principios de anestesia, entre otros El libro está destinado a lectores interesados en conocer los fundamentos y fundamentos de la cirugía en general, así como a aquellos que deseen mantenerse al día con las novedades y avances de la actualidad.
Rates of upgrade to malignancy in surgical excision of intraductal papillomas of the breast: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ünal Özdemir Zehra
Published: October 2023

Background/Aim: Intraductal papillomas (IDP) of the breast, though benign, share an association with the duct epithelium, similar to some breast malignancies. Percutaneous biopsies often fail to fully characterize these lesions. The decision to perform surgical excision for IDP of the breast is frequently based on the presence of atypia observed during percutaneous biopsy. However, consensus remains lacking regarding the management of IDP of the breast without atypia. This study was undertaken to share findings on IDP, contributing to a better understanding of their nature and guiding treatment approaches.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of data from 42 female patients diagnosed with intraductal papilloma through percutaneous biopsy, who subsequently underwent surgical excision between January 1, 2015, and August 25, 2023. Patients not diagnosed with intraductal papilloma, those with prior breast malignancy diagnoses, and those identified incidentally during other surgical procedures were excluded from the study. Data recorded included patient ages, the largest lesion diameters measured by ultrasonography, the percutaneous biopsy method (Fine needle aspiration biopsy [FNAB] or Core needle biopsy [CNB]), atypia status observed during percutaneous biopsy, histopathological features observed during surgical excision, and lesion diameter in cases where malignancy was upgraded. If ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive cancer was identified in the surgical excision specimen, it was classified as an upgrade.
Results: The median age of the patients was 48.5 years (range: 12.9 years). FNAB was performed in ten cases (23.8%), while CNB was used in 32 cases (76.2%). There was no significant difference in the detection of atypia when comparing FNAB and CNB (P=0.57). Eight patients (19%) were diagnosed with atypical intraductal papilloma. Among them, three patients with atypia and two patients without atypia exhibited an upgrade to malignancy. The study revealed a malignancy upgrade rate of 37.5% for IDP with atypia and 5.9% for those without atypia. Furthermore, the average age of patients with malignancy upgrades was higher than that of patients with benign lesions (P=0.02).
Conclusion: In light of the malignancies detected in cases of breast IDP, even in the absence of atypia, opting for surgical excision, particularly in older patients, can help prevent the oversight of these cancers.
GELİŞMELERİ KAÇIRMA KORKUSU (FoMO) VE İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI: BİLİŞSEL ESNEKLİĞİN ARACILIK ROLÜ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: BAKİOĞLU Fuad , EKİNCİ Nezir , DENİZ Metin
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu (FoMO) ile internet bağımlılığı arasında bilişsel esnekliğin aracılık rolünün incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 389 üniversite öğrencisi gönüllü katılmıştır. Araştırmada Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu Ölçeği, Young İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi Kısa Formu, Bilişsel Esneklik Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi formu araştırmanın verilerini toplamak amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek için Pearson korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Katılımcıların gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ile internet bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkide bilişsel esnekliğin aracılık rolü yapısal eşitlik modeli ile sınanmıştır. Bulgulara göre gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ile internet bağımlılığı arasında pozitif yönde bilişsel esneklik ile negatif yönde ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Bilişsel esneklik ile internet bağımlılığı arasında negatif yönde ilişki bulunmuştur. Dahası, gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ile internet bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkide bilişsel esneklik aracılık etmektedir. Daha büyük örneklemler için yapılan bootstrapping analizi sonucunda araştırmanın modeli doğrulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, üniversite öğrencilerinde gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu arttıkça bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri azalmakta, bilişsel esneklik düzey azaldıkça internet bağımlılığı düzeyleri artmaktadır.
LİBERALİZM MERKEZLİ ÇOKKÜLTÜRLÜLÜK KAVRAMINA ELEŞTİREL BİR BAKIŞ: BHİKHU PAREKH ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ERGÜÇ Veysel
Published: October 2023

Ulus-devletlerin bünyesindeki kültürel çeşitliliğin ve farklı kimliklerin siyasal topluluk dâhilinde yönetilmesine ilişkin olarak beliren çokkültürlülük kavramı, 1970’li yıllardan bu yana sosyal bilimler içerisindeki çok sayıda çalışma alanında sıkça tartışılan bir konu hüviyetindedir. Söz konusu kavram kapsamında farklı kültürlere işaret eden özelliklerin kamu kurumlarınca tanınması ve bir arada yaşaması ilkesine yer verilmiştir. Avustralya ve Kanada’da yerli halkların farklılığını teşvik etmek üzere icat edilen çokkültürlülük kavramı üzerine eleştirel bir bakış açısı geliştiren düşünürlerin bir kısmı, kavrama liberalizm merkezli bir ideolojik bagaj yüklendiğini ifade etmişlerdir. Liberalizm bağlamında ifade edilen evrenselliğin esasında özel olanı imlediğini belirten düşünürler, özel olanın Avrupa olduğunu dile getirirler. Buna ek olarak liberal ideoloji merkezindeki çokkültürlülüğün Avrupa’nın hiyerarşik üstünlüğüne işaret ettiğini, evrensel olanın da tam olarak buna tekabül ettiğini iddia ederler. Bahse konu edilen düşünürlerin arasında öne çıkan bir isim olarak beliren Bhikhu Parekh’in düşüncesi bu çalışma kapsamında incelenecektir. Çalışma kapsamında üç tane sorunun izinden gidilecektir. İlk olarak düşünürün çokkültürlülüğü hangi kavram seti ile ilişkilendirdiği sorusu sorulacaktır. Sözü edilen soruya yanıt olarak Parekh’in çokkültürlülüğe kültür ve doğanın etkileşimi çerçevesinde yaklaştığı söylenecektir. İkinci soru, Parekh’in liberalizme ne tür bir anlam yüklediği olacaktır. Parekh’in klasik liberalizmi sömürgecilik ile bağlantılı kıldığı söylenecektir. Çokkültürlülüğü böyle bir liberalizmden azade kılmak isteyen Parekh’in ne tür bir çözüm önerdiği sorusu üçüncü soru olacaktır. Düşünürün liberalizmin farklı kültürlerle barışık bir yorumunun üretilmesi yönündeki ifadesi üçüncü sorunun cevabı olacaktır. Parekh, liberalizmin dar bir anlayışa hapsedildiğini beyan eder. Liberalizm içerisindeki insan doğası görüşünün soyut akla raptedildiğini ifade eden Parekh, buradan aynılık merkezindeki evrenselliği içeren bir kimliğin türediğini belirtir. Böyle bir durumda kültürün göz ardı edildiğinden yakınan Parekh, soyut olana saplandığını düşündüğü insan doğasını fark merkezli kültür ile yeniden tanımlama ve farka dayanan yeni bir kimlik inşa etme uğraşına girişir. Çabasını soyut ve tek olan evrenselin çoğulcu evrensele dönüşümü biçiminde tanımlayan Parekh, bunun liberalizmin yeniden inşası ile mümkün olacağını belirtir. Parekh’e göre liberalizmin yeniden tanımlanması için elzem olan şey toprak, egemenlik ve kültür arasındaki bağın yeniden tanımlanması suretiyle kimliğin yeniden inşasıdır. Bu tarzda bir ulusal kimliğin tüm kültürleri içerecek biçimde inşa edilmesi Parekh açısından elzemdir. Bu noktadan yola çıkan düşünür, liberalizmi farkı merkezinde barındıran kültürle barıştırmayı, evrensel olanı tikel olan ile buluşturmayı, çokkültürlü bir rejimi inşa etmeyi, bu sayede kültürel tabanlı bir federal yapıyı bir gerçekliğe dönüştürmeyi amaçlar.
İTİBAR YÖNETİMİ KONULU LİSANSÜSTÜ TEZLERİN BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ
Authors: ÖZGÜR Ömer Faruk
Published: October 2023

İtibar konusu özellikle 2000’li yıllardan sonra akademik alanda özel bir ilgi görmüştür. İtibarın nasıl oluştuğu, nasıl ölçüleceği ve nasıl yönetilebileceği konusunda gerek yönetim bilimi gerek halkla ilişkiler anabilim dalı akademisyenleri çalışmalar yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki lisansüstü akademik çalışmalarda itibar yönetimi konusu ile alakalı 77 yüksek lisans ve doktora tezi bibliyometrik analize tabi tutulmuştur. Böylece Türkiye’deki itibar yönetimi konulu akademik çalışmaların genel bir görünümü ortaya çıkarılmak istenmiştir. Özellikle 2010 ve 2019 yılında teslim edilen tezlerin sayısında ciddi artış görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak tezlerin büyük bölümünün Marmara Üniversitesi bünyesinde hazırlandığı tespit edilmiştir. İtibar yönetimi konusunun yönetim bilimi anabilim dalından daha çok halkla ilişkiler anabilim dalı bağlamında çalışıldığı görülmüştür. İtibarla ilgili çalışmalarda en çok nicel yöntem ve veri toplama aracı olarak da anketin tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Ardından en sık tercih edilenlerin nitel yöntem ve derinlemesine mülakat tekniği ve örnek olay tekniği şeklinde sıralandığı tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerde en çok atıf yapılan kaynaklara bakıldığında uluslararası literatürde Fombrun, Davies, Chun isimleri öne çıkarken Türk isimlerden Kadıbeşegil, Ural, Okay, Peltekoğlu, Dörtok öne çıkmaktadır. İtibar yönetimi ile alakalı lisansüstü tezlerle ilgili Türkiye’deki durumu öne çıkartan bu çalışmanın alandaki literatür tarama eksiğini azaltmaya katkı sağlayacağı ve bundan sonra yapılacak itibar yönetimi ile alakalı çalışmalara ön hazırlık niteliği taşıdığı düşünülmektedir.
TERMINOLOGICAL NOMINATIONS AS REPRESENTING EXPERT KNOWLEDGE INTERPRETATION IN MIND AND LANGUAGE (illustrated by English information security terms) Part II
Authors: Drozdova Tat'yana
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the interpretative role of mind and language in creating some terminological nominations to represent expert knowledge in the field of information security. This part of the paper considers the interrelation of cognitive and language mechanisms. It is proved that different types of knowledge are involved in term-formation.