bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa: Studi Kasus pada Siswa SMK Desain Permodelan dan Informasi Bangunan
Authors: Pati Gigih Perwira , Sucipto Taufiq Lilo Adi , Rahmawati Kundari
Published: June 2023

Abstrak:Beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh adalah kurangnya motivasi belajar peserta didik, seperti mudah putus asa pada saat menjalani kesulitan belajar, dan tidak rajin dalam mengerjakan tugas yang telah dibagikan guru. Persoalan lain adalah kemampuan guru dalam beradaptasi dengan pembelajaran jarak jauh secara daring yang melibatkan beragam teknologi. Melalui pendekatan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan bentuk kendala yang dihadapi dan upaya penyelesaian masalahnya. Dalam penelitian ini, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, angket, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Validasi data menggunakan triangulasi sumber data dan data dianalisis secara interaktif. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan: (1) Model pembelajaran berupa penugasan dan Problem Based Learning selama pembelajaran daring menimbulkan dampak kepada peserta didik; (2) Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat motivasi belajar peserta didik berasal dari faktor eksternal dan faktor internal; (3) Upaya yang dilakukan guru untuk mengatasi peserta didik dengan motivasi rendah adalah dengan mengingatkan dan menceritakan perihal cerita sukses kakak tingkat mereka, serta melalui pendekatan personal.

Abstract:Some of the obstacles in implementing distance learning are the lack of student motivation to learn, such as easily giving up when experiencing learning difficulties, and not being diligent in doing the tasks that have been assigned by the teacher. Another problem is the ability of teachers to adapt to online distance learning that involves a variety of technologies. Through a qualitative descriptive research approach, this study aims to formulate the form of obstacles faced and efforts to solve the problem. In this study, data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Data validation used triangulation of data sources and data were analyzed interactively. From this research it can be concluded: (1) learning models in the form of assignments and Problem Based Learning during online learning have an impact on students; (2) The factors that influence the level of students' learning motivation come from external factors and internal factors; (3) The efforts made by the teacher to overcome students with low motivation are by reminding and talking about the success stories of their seniors, as well as through a personal approach.
Analisis Penghambat Penyelesaian Tugas Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan
Authors: Duling Jhonni Rentas , Pardjono Pardjono , Sofyan Herminarto
Published: June 2023

Abstrak:Jurusan Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan di Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan bertujuan mencetak calon guru untuk Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan. Beberapa tahun terakhir, tingkat kelulusan tepat waktu mahasiswa di Jurusan ini tergolong rendah. Hasil dari observasi atas dokumen mahasiswa diperoleh informasi penyebab menurunnya tingkat kelulusan mahasiswa adalah tugas mata kuliah tertentu yang sulit diselesaikan para mahasiswa dalam satu semester. Melalui penelitian studi kasus di salah satu Universitas di Indonesia penyelenggara Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat penyelesaian tugas mahasiswa dengan mengambil studi kasus pada mata kuliah perancangan mesin. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif survei dengan analisis data menggunakan confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa yang belum lulus mata kuliah perancangan mesin dengan jumlah 131 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan faktor penghambat terbesar terdapat pada teknik perkuliahan yang mempunyai nilai Standardized Loading Factor sebesar 1,15. Faktor ini mempunyai tiga variabel indikator yaitu a) Persiapan dan penyampaian materi; b) Pelatihan langsung; dan c) Model pembelajaran; variabel indikator paling berpengaruh adalah model pembelajaran dengan nilai Standardized Loading Factor sebesar 0,87. 

Abstract:  The Department of Technology and Vocational Education at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education aims to produce teacher candidates for Vocational High Schools. In recent years, the on-time graduation rate of students in this Department has been relatively low. The results of observations on student documents obtained information that the cause of the decline in student graduation rates was certain course assignments that were difficult for students to complete in one semester. Through case study research at one of the universities in Indonesia providing Technology and Vocational Education, this study aims to determine the inhibiting factors for completing student assignments by taking a case study in the mechanical design course. This research method is a quantitative survey with data analysis using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The research subjects are students who have not passed the mechanical design course with a total of 131 students. The results showed that the biggest inhibiting factor was in the lecture technique which had a Standardized Loading Factor value of 1.15. This factor has three indicator variables, namely a) Preparation and delivery of materials; b) hands-on training; and c) learning model; The most influential indicator variable is the learning model with a Standardized Loading Factor value of 0.87.
Desain Asrama Mahasiswa di Yogyakarta dengan Pendekatan Gaya Arsitektur Jawa dan Modern
Authors: Bimantara Suryo Aji , Habsya Chundakus , Nurhidayati Aryanti
Published: June 2023

Abstrak : Tujuan perencanaan dan perancangan ini adalah: (1) merencanakan kebutuhan ruang asrama mahasiswa di Yogyakarta, (2) merancang asrama mahasiswa di Yogyakarta dengan pendekatan gaya arsitektur Jawa dan Modern. Perencanaan dan perancangan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber data berupa informan dan arsip atau dokumen. Pengambilan sampel bersifat internal sampling dengan tujuan agar data yang diperoleh lebih representatif. Sampel informan digali dari dosen ahli bangunan, penghuni asrama dan ahli arsitektur. Berdasarkan hasil perencanaan dan perancangan disimpulkan bahwa (1) Asrama mahasiswa di Yogyakarta ini terdiri dari beberapa massa bangunan diantaranya yaitu gedung asrama, gedung serbaguna, gedung pengelola, perpustakaan, dapur bersama, mushola, dan area parkir. (2) Penerapan gaya arsitektur Jawa pada bentuk atap kampung dan joglo bangunan asrama mahasiswa sedangkan gaya arsitektur modern diterapkan dengan ekspos material beton dan bata pada dinding asrama mahasiswa.

Abstract : The purpose of this planning and design is: (1) planning the needs of student dormitory space in Yogyakarta, (2) designing student dormitories in Yogyakarta with Javanese and Modern architectural style approaches. This planning and design uses qualitative methods with data sources in the form of informants and archives or documents. Sampling is internal sampling with the aim of making the data obtained more representative. Samples of informants were unearthed from expert building lecturers, dormitory dwellers and architectural experts. Based on the results of planning and design it is concluded that (1) This student dormitory in Yogyakarta consists of several building masses including dormitory buildings, multipurpose buildings, management buildings, libraries, shared kitchens, prayer rooms, and parking areas (2) The application of javanese architectural style to the shape of the roof of the village and joglo of the student dormitory building while the modern architectural style is applied by exposing concrete and brick materials on the walls of the student dormitory.
Frozen in Time while Icebergs are Melting: Türkiye's Climate Policy
Authors: GÖKPINAR Fatih Bilal , AKTAŞ Özgür
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we adopt Walter Carlsnaes’ tripartite approach in order to scrutinize
the consistency of Türkiye’s climate policy with changing climate regimes. We
explain the actor-structure duality in climate policy through the interaction of
climate regimes and Türkiye's climate policy. The paper reveals the causality
behind the policies implemented by Türkiye as a result of its core values and
preferences, and explains their continuities. Finally, we address the potential of
the European Green Deal to influence Türkiye's preferences, and therefore its
climate policy.
Samsun’da İngiliz Konsolosluğunun Kurulması ve Şehirdeki Faaliyetleri [1830-1860]
Authors: ŞAHİN Bilgehan
Published: June 2023

Klasik dönemde ikinci planda kalan bir Karadeniz kenti niteliğini taşıyan Samsun, XIX. yüzyıla gelindiğinde büyük ölçüde kabuğunu kırmış ve Osmanlı Devleti’nin Karadeniz’de bulunan en büyük şehri konumundaki Trabzon’un seviyesine yaklaşmıştır. Bu durumun gerçekleşmesinde şehrin coğrafi konumu ve hinterlandının yanı sıra XVIII. ve XIX. yüzyıldaki siyasi gelişmeler de amil olmuştur. XIX. yüzyılın ilk yarısında başta İngiltere, Fransa ve Rusya olmak üzere büyük devletlerin kente ilgisi yoğunlaşmış ve bunun sonucunda Samsun’da ilk olarak 1841 yılında İngiliz konsolosluğu kurulmuştur. İngiliz konsolosluğunu zamanla diğer devletlerin resmi temsilcilikleri takip etmiştir. Şehirdeki konsolosluk ağının yaygınlaşmasında Avrupa devletlerinin Osmanlı ile olan yakınlaşmaları ve bunun sonucunda gerçekleşen siyasi ve askeri faaliyetler bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca kentte yapılan tütün ve sülük ticareti gibi gelişmeler de yabancı konsoloslukların açılmasında etkin olmuştur. Bu konsolosluklar arasında Fransa, Rusya, İtalya ve İran başta gelmektedir. İngiliz konsolosu şehirdeki ticari faaliyetler ve İngiliz tebaasının haklarını korumakla yükümlü olup, asıl merkezi İstanbul’da bulunan sefarethaneye karşı sorumludur. İngiltere konsolosunun zamanla Fransa, İsveç ve Norveç gibi devletlerin de temsilciliğini üstlendiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu makale, kurulmasından 1860 yılına kadarki süreç içinde Samsun’da faaliyet gösteren İngiltere konsolosluğunun yapmış olduğu faaliyetler, Osmanlı devlet adamları ve İngiltere sefarethanesiyle olan yazışmalar ile devrin siyasi ve sosyal olayları karşısında söz konusu raporların değerlendirilmesine dayanmaktadır.
Exploring the content validity of the Unified Wilson Disease Rating Scale: Insights from qualitative research
Authors: Karantzoulis Stella , Heuer Karli , Sparling Nicole , Meltzer Brian , Teynor Megan
Published: June 2023

Background: Wilson Disease (WD) is a rare metabolic disorder of impaired copper transport manifesting in hepatic, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms. To evaluate the clinical symptoms of WD in clinical trials, a group of clinicians created the Unified Wilson Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS). Content validity of this scale has not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content validity of the UWDRS Part II from the patient perspective. This study utilized multiple qualitative research methods including concept elicitation interviews, concept/instrument mapping, and cognitive debriefing interviews.
Results: Concept elicitation interviews with a sample of WD patients with one or more neurological signs/symptoms identified several signs, symptoms, and impacts related to neurological dysfunction, strengthening our understanding of the importance of the neurological aspects of the WD patient experience. Mapping neurological concepts to Part II and III items of the UWDRS showed complete coverage of all salient neurological concepts and near complete coverage of all neurological concepts reported by patients in concept elicitation interviews. Item debriefing of Part II of the UWDRS revealed that patients generally found the items clear and personally relevant to their experience with WD.
Conclusions: Overall, the findings from this study provides evidence for the content validity of the UWDRS Part II and supportive evidence for the content validity of Part III. The UWDRS should be used in conjunction with additional clinical outcomes assessments, specifically those evaluating the hepatic and psychiatric signs/symptoms of WD, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the WD patient experience.
The 3-Zero Divisor and Quasi 3-Zero Divisor Elements of a Commutative Ring with Respect to an Ideal
Authors: SEVIM ESRA SENGELEN , BABAEI SAKINEH , Ulucak Gulsen
Published: June 2023

For an ideal $I$ of a commutative ring $R$, we classify the set of all $3$-zero divisor elements of $R$ with respect to $I$. We prove that if $\bigcap_{i=1}^n P_i$ is a minimal prime decomposition of $\sqrt{I}$, then all elements of \begin{center} $\displaystyle{\bigcup_{i=1}^n P_i-\Big( \bigcup_{j=1}^n \Big\{x\in\bigcap_{i\in \{1,2,\ldots,n\}-\{j\}} P_i\backslash P_j: P_j\subseteq I:_Rx \Big\} \cup \sqrt{I}\Big)}$ \end{center} are $3$-zero divisor elements of $R$ with respect to $I$. Moreover, we determine $3$-zero divisors elements of $R$ with respect to $I$, when either $\sqrt{I}=I$ or $I$ is a primary ideal. Afterwards, we introduce quasi $3$-zero divisor element of $R$ with respect to $I$ and by using the minimal prime ideals of $R$ containing $I$ we characterize these elements. Moreover, we define quasi 3-zero divisor hypergraph of $R$ with respect to $I$ and we determine some properties of this hypergraph with the algebraic properties of $R$.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 13A15, 13F30, 05C25.
Digital Twin-Based Pump Station Dynamic Scheduling for Energy-Saving Optimization in Water Supply System
Authors: Zhou Sheng-Wen , Guo Shun-Sheng , Xu Wen-Xiang , Du Bai-Gang , Liang Jun-Yong , Wang Lei , Li Yi-Bing
Published: June 2023

In urban water supply systems, pump stations are the hubs for making the complete systems operate regularly as well as the main energy-consuming units. In order to address the current problems of water supply systems, such as high energy consumption and low efficiency of the pump station operation, large fluctuations of liquid levels of the clean water reservoirs, and poor response and adaptability to disturbance events, a digital twin (DT)-based full-process dynamic pump station scheduling method for energy-saving optimization in water purification plants was proposed in this study. To be specific, the DT technology was introduced to monitor production disturbance in real time, trigger the rescheduling process in time, and make a fast response to disturbance events during production, so as to provide technical and methodological support for unattended pump stations. The results of experiments revealed that an average energy-saving rate of 9.78% could be achieved by using the proposed method on the premise of ensuring the full-process dynamic water balance. In addition, the method could maintain high efficiency during the operation of the pumps, and guarantee the safety and stability of the pump stations.
A PSO optimized novel PID Neural Network model for Temperature Control of Jacketed CSTR: Design, Simulation, and a Comparative Study
Authors: Chaturvedi Snigdha , Kumar Narendra , Kumar Rajesh
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) tuned novel Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) like neural network (PID-NN). The structure of proposed PID-NN is very simple having only 3 neurons in the hidden layer and a single output neuron. The proportional, integral, and derivative gains of the PID controller are represented by the three weights in the neural network's output layer, respectively. The suggested approach uses the PSO method to optimize the output layer weights, which correspond to PID gains. The non-linear Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) plant, one of the most popular chemical industry processes, is utilized to test the suggested approach. A jacketed CSTR's temperature is controlled via a Particle Swarm Optimization tuned PID like neural network (PSO-NN-PID) controller. In terms of time domain specifications, the performance of the PSO-based NN-PID controller, the back propagation-based NN-PID controller (BP-NN-PID), and the conventionally tuned PID controller are compared. Mean square error is the objective function used in PSO-NN-PID and BP-NN-PID to optimize PID settings. The results show that the overshoot decreases from 44.13% in case of Zeigler- Nichols tuned PID controller to 26.33% in case of BPNN-PID controller, and further reduces to 23.13% in case of proposed PSO-based NN-PID controller. The decrease in rise time is observed from 0.2727 seconds in case of BPNN tuned PID to 0.1283 seconds in case of proposed PSO-NN-PID controller.
Effects of vibrating compaction time on fiber and aggregate distribution and strength of ultra-high performance concrete
Authors: Liu Jizhong , An Mingzhe , Wang Yue , Han Song , Han Bing
Published: June 2023

In this study, we investigated the settling velocity and distribution between steel fiber and aggregate during vibrating compaction of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) mixtures. In addition, we explored the effect of fiber distribution characteristics on the UHPC strength. Based on Stokes’ theorem and considering the vibration effect, a method for calculating the settling velocity of steel fiber and aggregate in UHPC mixtures during vibrating compaction was proposed. The fiber/aggregate dispersion coefficient based on the proposed method decreased gradually with time. The experimentally obtained fiber dispersion coefficient first increased and then decreased, with the maximum value appearing at 5 s. In contrast, the fiber orientation coefficient gradually increased with time. Moreover, following vibration excitations at different times, the fiber dispersion coefficient increased and the fiber orientation coefficient decreased as the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the UHPC mixtures increased. In the vibration range of 0–15 s, the compressive and flexural strength of UHPC first increased and then decreased, with the maximum values appearing at 5 and 10 s, respectively. The compressive strength was affected by the fiber dispersion coefficient, whereas the flexural strength was affected by the fiber dispersion and orientation coefficients. Furthermore, the relational expression between compressive/flexural strengths of UHPC and fiber dispersion and orientation coefficients were presented.
Reduced graphene oxide/TiO2/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite as a stable photocatalyst and strong antibacterial agent
Authors: Jihad Kamal Mohammed , Roknabadi mahmood Rezaee , Mohammadi Mojtaba , Goharshadi Elaheh. K.
Published: June 2023

In this work, (rGO)/TiO2/NiFe2O4 or GTN nanocomposites were prepared as novel photocatalysts and strong antibacterial agents using a facile, cheap, and scalable hydrothermal method. To prepare the nanocomposites, different mass ratios of rGO:TiO2:NiFe2O4 were chosen as 1:1:1, 2:1:1, 3:1:1, and 4:1:1, and they called as GTN111, GTN211, GTN311, and GTN411, respectively. The photocatalytic results showed that 0.1 mg.mL− 1 of composite degrades 95% and 89% of 20 ppm methylene blue (MB) under UV and visible light irradiation, respectively. Under visible exposure, the first-order rate constant was calculated as 90×10− 3 min− 1 for GTN211 nanocomposite. It was found that the holes and OH radical species play the main role in degradation of MB. The antibacterial activity of the best photocatalyst, i.e., GTN211, against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) was also investigated. The minimum inhibitory concentration of GTN211 was measured as 1 mg.mL− 1 for E. coli and S. aureus. The value of minimum bactericidal concentration of GTN211 was meaured as 0.8 and 1 mg.mL− 1 for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively.
A study on fisheries production using fuzzy inference system
Authors: Pujaru Kanisha , Adak Sayani , Jana Soovoojeet , Kar Tapan Kumar
Published: June 2023

Seas, marine ecosystems, and coastal regions are crucial components of our environment. To boost fisheries and aquaculture productivity, numerous scientific strategies have been used. A fuzzy-logic-based model is created in the current effort to produce fisheries in India, which ranks fourth in the world for fisheries production. Five input variables, such as fish seed, export, post harvesting, released fund, and temperature, are considered as inputs, and the production of fisheries is taken as the output variable. A Mamdani-type fuzzy inference system with trapezoidal membership functions is prepared with 243 rules in the IF-THEN format. This mathematical model investigates the impacts of input parameters on the production of Indian fisheries. From the system, we observed that fish seed, export, released fund, and post-harvesting facilities positively impact fisheries production. However, a very high temperature is not suitable for high production, even if all other parameters lie at their desired level. Lastly, we have fitted the model with real-world data.
The Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture on Xerostomia in Patients with Sjogren’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis Protocol
Authors: Hou Nian , Peng Yan , Wang Wei , Feng Yue , Zhou Xinyao , Chen Fu , Li Rui , Chen Jinzhou
Published: June 2023

Background
Previous researches in Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) have showed that acupuncture has effectiveness in alleviating xerostomia and clinical symptoms. While other studies held different viewpoints and results. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis should be conducted to evaluate its efficacy on xerostomia in SS patients.
Methods and analysis:
8 databases will be retrieved from inception to February 20, 2023. They are China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM/SinoMed), Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The languages are restricted to Chinese and English. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) of acupuncture on SS patients will be included. The data screening, extraction and assessment of risk of bias (ROB) will be conducted by 2 researchers individually. The GRADE assessment will be used to evaluate the quality of evidence. The RevMan V.5.3 software will help with pairwise meta-analysis and ADDIS software with network meta-analysis. Moreover, meta-regression and subgroup analysis will be performed to discuss the possible underlying causes of heterogeneity. The primary outcome is the change of xerostomia symptoms. The secondary outcomes include changes in salivary flow, quality of life, oral health, ESSPRI index, ESSDAI index, inflammation severeness and adverse effects.
Results
This systematic review and network meta-analysis will demonstrate how well acupuncture treats xerostomia in SS patients compared with placebo or other interventions.
Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not applicable and the results will be peer-reviewed and published in a journal.
Trial registration number:
CRD42023398003
Periostin facilitates ovarian cancer recurrence by enhancing cancer stemness
Authors: Huang Zhiqing , Byrd Olivia , Tan Sarah , Knight Bailey , Lo Gaomong , Taylor Lila , Berchuck Andrew , Murphy Susan K.
Published: June 2023

The high lethality of Ovarian cancer (OC) is due to high recurrence and development of chemo-resistance, which requires synergy between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment (TME). Analysis of gene microarray from paired primary and recurrent OC tissues revealed significantly elevated expression of the gene encoding periostin (POSTN) in recurrent OC compared to matched primary tumors (p = 0.014). OC cells cultured with conditioned media with high levels of POSTN (CMPOSTNhigh) exhibited faster migration, more invasiveness (p = 0.006), and more chemoresistance (p < 0.05) compared to OC cells cultured with control medium (CMCTL). Furthermore, CMPOSTNhigh-cultured HEYA8 cells demonstrated increased resistance to paxlitaxel-induced apoptosis. OC cell lines cultured with CMPOSTNhigh showed increases in stem cell side population relative to CMCTL-cultured cells. POSTN-transfected 3T3-L1 cells exhibited more intracellular and extracellular lipids and was linked to increased cancer cell expression of the oncogene fatty acid synthetase. Additionally, POSTN functions in the TME were linked to AKT pathway activities. In a xenograft mouse model of OC, the mean tumor volume in mice injected with CMPOSTNhigh-grown OC cells was larger than that in mice injected with CMCTL-grown OC cells (p = 0.0023). Our results bolster the need for further study of POSTN as a potential therapeutic target and potential prevention of recurrent OC.
Observation of downburst wind characteristics using the Doppler profiler and near-ground measurements
Authors: He Yinghou , Cai Jiahan , He Xiaojing , Chan Pakwai , Fu Jiyang
Published: June 2023

A downburst is a strong downdraft that causes radiating, catastrophic winds at or near the ground. Relevant research conducted in the past decades shows that downbursts not only bring damage to the built environment but also have surprisingly destructive effects on aircraft and other flying objects. However, due to the complexity of atmospheric phenomena and limited measurement datasets, many uncertainties remain to be clarified in the understanding and modelling of the downburst wind field. To further explore the evolution characteristics of thunderstorms, this study uses data recorded during thunderstorms by a Doppler profiler of the Hong Kong Observatory and a near-ground anemometer installed at the Hong Kong International Airport to conduct a detailed feature analysis of the vertical profile and turbulence characteristics of downbursts within the atmospheric boundary layer. Based on long-term field measurements during thunderstorm events, the occurrence of a thunderstorm should be determined by a combination of simultaneous variations in multiple meteorological factors, including wind speed and direction, vertical wind speed, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). During thunderstorms, extreme wind speeds occurred in the lower atmosphere and the height of the local peaks seems to be stable in the thunderstorm wind profiles. In addition, both methods, which consider a constant mean component (stationary) and a slowly varying mean component (non-stationary), are used to decompose the measured wind speed and are then compared to investigate the turbulence characteristics of downbursts. It is found that although the gust factor and turbulence intensity show some deviation due to the influence of atmospheric stratification instability, this effect does not appear to be reflected in the turbulence integral scale.
Concordance and deviations of the PDX tumors from the primary tumors of NSCLC patients: effects of murine fibroblasts on low engraftment rates
Authors: Lee Jinseon , Seo Chae Hwa , Kim Bo Kyung , Lee Jung Hee , Kang Jung Hee , Kim Sung-Hyun , Cho Minseob , Kim Hong Kwan , Cho Jong Ho , Choi Yong Soo , Shin Sumin , Choi Young-Ae , Song Hyun Kuk , Park Min Young , Jang Hye Yoon , Lee Sanghyuk , Son Dae-Soon , Lee Jong-Eun , Kim Jhingook
Published: June 2023

Patient-derived xenograft(PDX) models of primary lung cancer have been reported. However, varying engraftment rates and their underlying mechanisms for specific subtypes of lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma) have not been studied. The authors prepared subcutaneous tumors grown in NSG™ mice with primary tumors of lung cancer patients to develop lung cancer PDX models. Pathological features of the subcutaneous tumors were compared with those of the patients. One hundred seventeen lung cancer PDX models retaining the original pathologic features were obtained from 642 primary lung cancer patients. Nineteen PDX tumors and the corresponding patient tumors, representing three subtypes of cell lung cancer, were selected and analyzed with in-depth genomic and transcriptomic profiling. Results showed the PDX tumors retained most of the somatic and oncogenic mutations with limited levels of additional xenograft-specific mutations. Significant downregulation of the genes involved in hypoxia-associated angiogenesis was found compared with the corresponding human tumors. This downregulation was associated with murine fibroblasts in the PDX tumor microenvironment, which might be an important factor in low engraftment rates in primary lung cancer PDX models.
Joint parameter and time-delay estimation for a class of Wiener models based on a new orthogonal least squares algorithm
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Liu Yanjun , Zhu Quanmin , Chen Jing
Published: June 2023

This paper focuses on the identification of multiple inputs Wiener systems with piecewise-linear nonlinearity. The main objective is to jointly estimate the parameters and time-delays by using limited samples when the system orders are unknown. In order to identify the over-parameterized sparse system under the framework of greedy method, a Householder transformation-based greedy orthogonal least squares algorithm is proposed. In this scheme, the active columns of the information matrix are selected one by one according to a new greedy strategy, then the Householder transformation is employed to maintain an upper-triangular structure for the sub-information matrix, the back-substitution method is adopted to avoid the matrix inversion. Thus the problem of ill-conditioning frequently appears in nonlinear models can be eliminated. The Bayesian information criterion is used to choose the optimal sparsity level. Numerical experiments show that this new scheme can achieve almost optimal generalization performance while requiring less observations than the traditional schemes.
Stability and chaos of the duopoly model of Kopel: A study based on symbolic computations
Authors: Li Xiaoliang , Chen Kongyan , Niu Wei , Huang Bo
Published: June 2023

Since Kopel's duopoly model was proposed about three decades ago, there are almost no analytical results on the equilibria and their stability in the asymmetric case. The first objective of our study is to fill this gap. This paper analyzes the asymmetric duopoly model of Kopel analytically by using several tools based on symbolic computations. We discuss the possibility of the existence of multiple positive equilibria and establish necessary and sufficient conditions for a given number of positive equilibria to exist. The possible positions of the equilibria in Kopel's model are also explored. Furthermore, in the asymmetric model of Kopel, if the duopolists adopt the best response reactions or homogeneous adaptive expectations, we establish rigorous conditions for the local stability of equilibria for the first time. The occurrence of chaos in Kopel's model seems to be supported by observations through numerical simulations, which, however, is challenging to prove rigorously. The second objective is to prove the existence of snapback repellers in Kopel's map, which implies the existence of chaos in the sense of Li–Yorke according to Marotto's theorem.
Adjuvant radiotherapy may not confer survival benefit for cT1-2N1M0 breast cancer patients who undergo surgical treatment following neoadjuvant chemotherapy: an analysis based on SEER
Authors: Yang Jie , Zhao Jie , Chang Hui , Yan Lijuan , zhang Jinru , Ning Peng
Published: June 2023

Background
The guidelines for postoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer are mainly based on studies of patients who received initial surgical treatment. However, with the widespread use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the potential benefit of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with cT1-2N1M0 has been a subject of controversy. Therefore, determining whether postoperative radiotherapy provides a survival benefit for this group of patients can guide doctors in their postoperative treatment decisions.
Methods
Clinical data of 1092 female patients with cT1-2N1M0 breast cancer who received NAC treatment were retrospectively analyzed from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. After propensity score matching (PSM), the impact of postoperative radiotherapy on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was compared, and subgroup analysis was performed. Finally, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to explore the potential risk factors for OS and CSS in patients with cT1-2N1M0 breast cancer.
Results
Regardless of PSM status, compared to no postoperative radiotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy was associated with improved OS in cT-2N1MO breast cancer patients who received NAC (10-year OS rate, PSM pre: 78.7% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.015; PSM post: 83.1% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.021). However, postoperative radiotherapy did not confer a benefit in CSS for female cT1-2N1MO breast cancer patients who received NAC, regardless of PSM status (10-year CSS rate, PSM pre: 81.4% vs. 76.2%, P = 0.085; PSM post: 85.8% vs. 76.2%, P = 0.076). Subgroup analyses revealed that radiotherapy improved CSS in the 2010–2012 diagnosis (HR 0.5, 95% CI: 0.25–0.98, P = 0.043) and right-sided (HR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.98, P = 0.045) subgroups. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that factors associated with poor OS included ≥ 4 positive lymph nodes, HR-/HER2-, and no postoperative radiotherapy, while in multivariate Cox regression analysis, only ≥ 4 positive lymph nodes and HR-/HER2- were significant independent factors associated with reduced OS. Factors associated with poor CSS in univariate Cox regression analysis included black and other races, 1–3 positive lymph nodes, ≥ 4 positive lymph nodes, and HR-/HER2-. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, these factors remained significant independent factors associated with reduced CSS.
Conclusion
Our study results suggest that additional postoperative radiotherapy may not confer a survival benefit in cT1-2N1MO patients who received NAC. This still needs to be confirmed by more prospective randomized controlled trials.
Multiomics analysis to explore blood metabolite biomarkers in an Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort
Authors: Oka Takaki , Matsuzawa Yuki , Tsuneyoshi Momoka , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Aoshima Ken , Tsugawa Hiroshi
Published: June 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that commonly causes dementia. Identifying biomarkers for the early detection of AD is an emerging need, as brain dysfunction begins two decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. To this end, we reanalyzed untargeted metabolomic mass spectrometry data from 960 patients enrolled in the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort using MS-DIAL, with 1,304,633 spectra of 39,108 unique biomolecules. Metabolic profiles of 93 hydrophilic metabolites were determined. Additionally, we integrated targeted lipidomic data (4,873 samples from 1,524 patients) to explore candidate biomarkers for predicting progressive mild cognitive impairment (pMCI) in patients diagnosed with AD within two years using the baseline metabolome. Patients with lower ergothioneine levels had a 19% higher rate of AD progression (log-rank test, P = 0.002). Furthermore, an increase in ganglioside (GM3) and decrease in plasmalogen lipids, many of which are associated with apolipoprotein E polymorphism, were confirmed in AD patients, and the higher levels of GM3 d18:1/20:0 and lysophosphatidylcholine (18:1) showed 19% and 24% higher rates of AD progression, respectively (log-rank test: P = 5.7×10− 9 and 6.2×10− 9). Oleamide, diacylglycerols, plasmalogen lipids, and glycochenodeoxycholic acid were also identified as significantly altered metabolites at baseline in patients with pMCI. Results of a metabolite genome-wide association study showed a low correlation between these metabolites and known genetic risk factors for AD, suggesting that metabolomics is essential to complement genomic data. In conclusion, the reanalysis of multiomics data provides new insights to detect early development of AD pathology and to partially understand metabolic changes in age-related onset of AD.
Dependence on Under-Coordinated Pt at the Surface of Layered PtTe2 in the Decomposition of Methanol
Authors: Hsueh Jing-Wen , Kuo Lai-Hsiang , Chen Po-Han , Chen Wan-Hsin , Chuang Chi-Yao , Kuo Chia-Nung , Lue Chin Shan , Lai Yu-Ling , Liu Bo-Hong , Wang Chia-Hsin , Hsu Yao-Jane , Lin Chun-Liang , Chou Jyh-Pin , Luo Meng-Fan
Published: June 2023

Decomposition of adsorbed methanol (CH3OH) was activated on under-coordinated Pt (denoted as Ptuc), produced by removing Te, at layered PtTe2 surface. Both dehydrogenation and C-O bond scission occurred, resulting in the formation of intermediates CHxO* (x = 2, 3; * denotes adsorbates) and CHx* (x = 1, 2) and ultimately the production of gaseous molecular hydrogen, methane, water and formaldehyde. We observed a great reaction probability (> 90 %) on the Ptuc sites and a catalytic selectivity dependent on the Ptuc concentration. Approximately 60 % of the methanol decomposed to CHxO* and 35 % to CHx* at small Ptuc concentrations (£ 10 %); nevertheless, with increased Ptuc concentration (> 10 %), both the probability of decomposition to CHxO* and the production of gaseous formaldehyde were selectively decreased. We propose the characteristic reactivity at small Ptuc concentrations arises from both the triangular positioning and varied degrees of oxidation of surface Ptuc.
Order-supplementary finite-time trajectory tracking control of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Wang Guodong , Wang Xiangyu , Li Shihua , Lu Kunfeng
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates the finite-time position trajectory tracking control problem of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Different from the standard inner-outer-loop control scheme, the proposed finite-time controller is constructed with an order-supplementary mechanism. Concretely, some virtual extended states with second-order dynamics are utilized in the controller design of the quadrotor's position-loop subsystem, to replace the original state error feedback part. Then, the adding a power integrator technique is used in the establishment of the virtual state dynamics, such that the position closed-loop subsystem achieves the trajectory tracking in finite time. Meanwhile, the attitude command references are directly formulated from the virtual extended states. Moreover, to deal with the problems of quadrotor disturbances or unknown velocities, some finite-time observers are combined in the proposed approach to obtain and compensate/replace the disturbances/unknown velocities. Compared with the existing results, the proposed order-supplementary finite-time trajectory tracking approach can remove the use of the filters in the attitude command resolution and realize the strict finite-time convergence. Thrust control inputs for the position-loop subsystem can be adjusted more flexibly by setting the initial values of the virtual states. In addition, the finite-time velocity observer provided in this paper takes aerodynamic damping into account and has more accurate observations in practice. Some simulations are given to validate the effects of the proposed approach.
Inverse Association of Dietary Consumption of n3 and n6 Fatty Aids with Hyperuricemia among Adults
Authors: Sun Yuxin , Zhang Chao , Xin Xiangrong , Yu Haihong , Lin Yue , Ma Fei
Published: June 2023

Background
The precise link between dietary consumption of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia remains equivocal. Accordingly, the purpose of the current investigation is to clarify any possible associations between the consumption of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia in the context of American adults.
Materials and methods
The present investigation employed a cross-sectional design, comprising a sample of 21,120 American adults above the age of 20 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) waves between 2007 and 2016. The dietary consumption of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids was measured through two 24-h dietary recall interviews. To assess the relationships of dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids with hyperuricemia, we applied multivariable logistic regression, t tests, chi-square tests, and restricted cubic spline. To determine the robustness of our findings, sensitivity analyses were also carried out.
Results
The results of the multivariable logistic regression models indicated a significant correlation between dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia. The ORs with 95% CIs of hyperuricemia for the highest tertile versus lowest tertile of dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids were 0.76 (0.66, 0.88) (p < 0.001) and 0.72 (0.64, 0.82) (p < 0.001), respectively. Moreover, dose‒response analyses revealed a linear relationship between n-3 and n-6 fatty acid consumption and the risk of hyperuricemia.
Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate a significant inverse correlation between the dietary consumption of n3 and n6 fatty acids and hyperuricemia in the US adult population. Notably, there was no significant relationship between the n6:n3 ratio and hyperuricemia.
Impact of the Omicron strain on febrile convulsions in children: A single-center observational study
Authors: Nagasawa Masayuki , Shimoyama Teruyoshi , Hashimoto Sayuri , Nakagawa Ryuichi , Yokoyama Haruna , Okada Mari , Udagawa Tomohiro , Oshiba Akihiro
Published: June 2023

The emergence of the Omicron strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the end of December 2021 has drastically increased the number of infected children in Japan, along with the number of children with febrile convulsions. However, impact of the Omicron strain on the febrile convulsions in children is not clear.

We compared the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children hospitalized with febrile convulsions with the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with fever and respiratory symptoms without convulsions.

In 2021 and 2022, 49 and 58 children, respectively, required emergency hospitalization for febrile convulsions (FC group), in which 24 and 38 children underwent a Filmarray respiratory panel ® test (FA test) and quantitative antigen test for SARS-CoV-2, respectively. In 2022, only six patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (10.3%, 6/58). As a reference group, 655 children aged < 10 years who underwent the FA test for fever and respiratory symptoms during the same period were investigated, and 4 (1.8%, 4/223) and 42 (9.7%, 42/432) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV) was the most frequently detected virus, followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus 3 (PI3); no significant difference in the trend of detected viruses was observed between the two groups.

The frequency of febrile convulsions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection of the Omicron strain in children may be similar to that of other common respiratory viruses.
Bacterial community and diversity in the rumen of 11 Mongolian cattle as revealed by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing
Authors: Jia Yijiu , Shi Yali , Qiao Huiyan
Published: June 2023

Through microorganisms in the rumen of ruminant, plant fiber can be converted to edible food such as meat and milk. This function is dependent on the microbe in the rumen. Ruminant have a rich and complex microbial community within the rumen, and the bacteria comprise the dominant proportion of the ruminal microbes. High-throughput sequencing offers a viable solution for the study of rumen microbes. In this study, rumen fluid samples were taken from 11 cattle from Inner Mongolian, the DNA of 11 rumen fluid samples were extracted and the V4 regions of 16Sr DNA amplicon sequenced. More than 90,000 raw reads and 60,000 effect Tags per sample were obtained. We observed 28,122 overall operational taxonomic units (2,557 ± 361 per sample), Bacteroidetes (44.41 ± 7.31%), Firmicutes (29.07 ± 3.78%), and Proteobacteria (7.18 ± 5.63%) were the dominant phyla in rumen bacteria, accounting for 82%. At the genus level, the highest relative abundance is Prevotella. We further predicted their functions using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The result showed that they include metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing and cellular processes. It explored the bacterial community diversity and composition of the rumen of Mongolian cattle. On the whole, our research showed that there was a high diversity of rumen bacteria in Mongolian cattle. Meanwhile, these findings provided information for further studies on the relationship between the community, diversity, functions of rumen bacteria and the nutritional physiological functions of the host.
Adults with Autistic Spectrum Condition benefit and enjoy learning via social interaction as much as neurotypical adults do
Authors: De Felice Sara , Hatilova Anna , Trojan F. , Tsui I. , Hamilton A.
Published: June 2023

Background: People with Autistic Spectrum Condition (ASC) show poor processing of social signals (i.e. about the social world). But how do they learn via social interaction?
Methods: 68 neurotypicals adults and 60 adults with ASC learned about obscure items (e.g. exotic animals) over zoom i) in live video-call with the teacher, ii) from a recorded learner-teacher interaction video and iii) from a recorded teacher-alone video. Data was analysed via analysis of variance and multi-level regression models.
Results: Live-teaching provided the most optimal learning condition, with no difference between groups. Enjoyment was the strongest predictor of learning: both groups enjoyed significantly more in live interaction and reported similar level of anxiety across conditions.
Limitations: Some of our participants in the ASC group were self-diagnosed – however, further analysis where these participants were excluded showed the same results. Recruiting participants over online platforms may attract people who are generally keen to participate in a social interactive experiments, including a potential bias in our sample. Future work should investigate this question in a sample recruited via diverse sources (e.g. schools).
Conclusions: These findings strongly advocate for a distinction between learning about the social versus learning via the social: models of ASC should be revisited to consider social interaction not just as a puzzle to de-code, rather a medium through which people, including neuro-diverse groups, experience the world around them.
Trail registration: Part of this work has been pre-registered before data collection https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5PGA3
Simultaneous determination of ruscogenin, neoruscogenin, trimebutin, and parabens in cream formulation by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)
Authors: Özen Gürkan , Nemutlu Emirhan
Published: June 2023

A simple and rapid reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for analysis of ruscogenin (RUS), neoruscogenin (NRUS), trimebutine (TB), methylparaben (MP) propylparaben (PP) in pharmaceutical preparations has been developed and validated. In this study, a RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of RUS, NRUS, TB, MP and PP and applied for analysis of pharmaceutical cream formulations. ACE C18 Column 121-2546 (250x4.6 mm) was used at 25 °C and gradient elution was performed with mobile phase consisting of a mixture of ACN:Buffer (pH:3.9). RUS, NRUS, TB, MP and PP eluted within 17 minutes. Peak homogeneity data of RUS, NRUS, TB, MP and PP in the pharmaceutical cream samples peaks obtained using photodiode array detector, in the cream sample chromatograms, demonstrated the specificity of the method. The developed method was validated according to the ICH guidelines. Linear ranges were 1.00, 5.00, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 150 μg/mL for MP, RUS and 5.00 – 10.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100, 150, 200 μg/mL for NRUS, PP and 10.0-25.0, 50.0, 100, 150, 200 μg/mL for TB. Validation parameters, such as stability, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, precision, recovery, robustness and ruggedness were evaluated according to ICH guidelines and the method was simple, rapid, selective, sensitive, accurate, precise, robust and rugged. We developed a fast, low-cost RP-HPLC method with time of 17 minutes for simultaneous analysis of RUS, NRUS, TB and preservatives (MP and PP) in pharmaceutical preparations with semi-solid dosage form. The developed method was successfully applied for the quantification of RUS, NRUS, TB and preservatives (MP and PP) in pharmaceutical preparations with semi-solid dosage form. The detection limit of the method was 0.07, 0.28, 0.07, 0.45, 0.02 µg mL–1 respectively for MP, TB, PP, NRUS and RUS.