bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Motivational Incentives to the Management of Udzungwa Mountain National Park In Kilombero, Tanzania
Authors: Mhache Emmanuel Patroba
Published: March 2023

This paper explores the significance of providing motivational incentives to local communities to attract effective management of the Udzungwa Mountain National Park (UMDP) in Kilombero district. It also examines the benefits accrued by local people from the UMDNP, explores factors motivating people to manage the UMNP, and determines challenges encountered in the management of the park. The article employs data from a study that was carried out in Msosa, Msolwa, Mkula and Ruipa villages; where a total of 233 heads of households and 7 tour guides were interviewed. The data generation process was complemented by focus group discussions and observations. The results show that active involvement of the heads of households in the management of the park was driven by benefits accrued from it. The results further suggested that local communities that live adjacent to the park are aware of the importance and role of such motivation. It is further uncovered that proper management may potentially reduce deforestation and degradation of the park. The analyst of this paper is guided by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The paper recommends the need for promoting the provision of motivational incentives as a useful strategy for attracting active community participation in the management of national parks.
Integrating Resilience in the Urban Planning Process in Mlandizi Town: An Approach Towards Promoting Comprehensive Over Piecemeal Planning
Authors: Yamungu Nestory
Published: March 2023

Urban resilience is one of the prominent themes in urban development discourse. Its importance resonates with the quest to balance rapid urbanization and adaptation to climate change and variability, which raises the need for building adaptive capacities within urban system. Despite the rapid urbanization in Mlandizi, Tanzania, the town is planned on a piecemeal basis that lacks a holistic view of the urban system. While the integration of urban resilience into the urban development planning process is effective for building adaptive capacities, piecemeal planning raises questions about its effectiveness to integrate the tenets of resilience for addressing a wider range of climate risks, shocks and stresses. This paper ascertained the extent to which piecemeal planning integrated urban resilience into the planning process in Mlandizi small-town. Mixed-research methods were used involving geospatial mapping, in-depth interviews and field observation. Land use/cover change analysis and mapping of urban development were conducted in piecemeal planned areas. Susceptibility to flooding was assessed in the Ruvu river floodplain through an overlay of houses on the Digital Elevation Model. In-depth interviews and field observations were conducted to ascertain the urban resilience outcomes of piecemeal planning. Results suggest that informal urbanization constitutes 90% of the housing development in Mlandizi. There is also rapid land use change and conversion of the natural landscape to man-made land uses, which results in diminishing green spaces. The results further indicate that the piecemeal planning process ignored consultation of stakeholders and strategic environmental assessment. As a result, it failed to provide an appropriate policy for integrating urban resilience with spatial planning. This paper argues for the adoption of comprehensive planning that integrates resilience in urban planning processes, and builds capacity for addressing a wide range of shocks, including the impacts of climate change.
Scientific production on dialogical pedagogy: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Bayona Arévalo Yanir , Bolaño García Matilde
Published: March 2023

Paulo Freire’s dialogical pedagogy provides teachers with a framework for their professional practice, offering educators strategies for teaching and learning. The main objective of this research is to determine the contributions of Paulo Freire’s dialogical pedagogy to teaching praxis from bibliometric analysis, in terms of increasing impact and incidence in educational processes, knowing its structure, production, and utilization of information for pedagogical practices. A descriptive bibliometric study in Scopus database was conducted, applying a technique of exploratory and descriptive bibliographic document collection to analyze research related to the research topics. A total of 781 documents were retrieved from the Scopus database on the topic under study, of which 32,5 % were open access, involving 1317 authors, with an average of 8,1 citations per document (1,42 Field-Weighted Citation Impact). Original articles represented three-quarters of the total documents, indicating research with new contributions to knowledge, while 12,4 % were book chapters and the remaining 11,8 % were Reviews, Books, Conference Papers, Editorials, and Errata. The top 10 countries with the highest number of published documents in the research area are the United States, United Kingdom and Australia. The analysis carried out revealed that there is significant progress in the area of research related to dialogic pedagogy and its scientific evolution
MR textural features (RADIOMICS) for predicting response to treatment in patients with intracranial tuberculoma: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Muhammad Awais , Khan Shahmeer , Muhammad Wasay , Muhammad Azeemuddin , Shoukat Ayesha , Khan Hafsa
Published: March 2023

Background and objective:

MR based radiomics can potentially response to treatment in intracranial tuberculoma, but very scarce literature is available in this regard. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MR based radiomic features can be used to predict response to antituberculosis (AT) treatment.

Methods:

Data of patients with intracranial tuberculomas who underwent MR imaging and AT treatment at our institution during the last 10 years was analyzed. In each case follow-up imaging performed at 6 months post initiation of treatment was reviewed to establish response to treatment. The textural analysis was performed by two consultant neuroradiologists, using open-source software (Lifex) with FLAIR coronal image after contrast administration from pretreatment MRI study radiomic analysis.

Results: 

Twenty-four patients with mean age 33.8 years were included in the study. Sixteen patients were in the treatment responsive group while eight patients were in the treatment resistant group. Thirty-eight radiomic parameters were extracted for each patient. There was a significant difference in three out of 38 parameters (histogram skewness, GLCM correlation and NGLDM Coarseness) in patients amongst the two groups. Logistic regression model was developed using these parameters which accurately predicted 83.3% of the cases according to the response to the AT treatment (χ2=11.517, p=0.003). ROC curve analysis was performed using histogram skewness which showed acceptable discrimination (p=0.037 and 95% CI =0.577-0.954) for predicting the response to treatment.

Conclusion:

MR textural parameters (histogram skewness, GLCM correlation and NGLDM Coarseness) may be used as imaging biomarkers to predict response to treatment in patients with intracranial tuberculoma.
Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis presenting with severe episodic hypertension: a case report
Authors: Arshad Tehreem , Hussain Musarrat , Yousafzai Abdul Wahab , Ahmad Arsalan
Published: March 2023

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (Anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is one of the most commonly emerging autoimmune encephalitis in children and young adults in recent years. Clinical manifestations range from prodromal symptoms to seizures, movement disorder, psychiatric manifestations, cognitive/speech impairment, and autonomic dysfunction. Our case presented with initial symptoms of severe episodic hypertension, sweating, agitation, and tachycardia. She received early care for pheochromocytoma and panic disorder in Qatar, but there was no relief. Three weeks later, she presented in our emergency room with seizures, cognitive/speech impairment, and orofacial dyskinesia. Electroencephalography EEG revealed right hemispheric delta activity and cerebrospinal fluid CSF anti-NMDA Receptor IgG was positive. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI brain and CSF studies were normal. She was treated symptomatically for hypertension and psychiatric manifestations. She received high dosage pulse intravenous methylprednisolone, followed by intravenous immunoglobulin, which significantly alleviated her cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and autonomic features. Severe Hypertension is an uncommon presentation of Anti- NMDAR encephalitis.  Early recognition and prompt management improves prognosis and long term sequelae.
Pediatric stroke: a review
Authors: Sultan Tipu
Published: March 2023

Background & Objectives:

Pediatric stroke is a focal neurological deficit lasting more than 24 hours because of stenosis, occlusion or rupture of cerebral blood vessels. Variable etiological factors are involved ranging from cardiac, haematological, infectious, immune mediated to arteriopathies which is emerging as most important cause of arterial ischemic stroke in children. In this review article we will discuss paediatric stroke with its epidemiology, etiological factors in particular arteriopathies, diagnostic modalities, management protocols and outcome.

Methods:

We searched stroke in Pubmed and found 15315 articles, narrowed down to stroke in children (3814) and selected 45 articles for review.

Review:

Stroke in children is defined as a focal neurological deficit that persists for more than 24 hours and is caused by stenosis, occlusion or rupture of cerebral blood vessels. Stroke may be arterial, venous or because of occlusion of venous sinuses. Arterial strokes may be ischemic, haemorrhagic or ischemic-haemorrhagic.

About half of strokes in children are of arterial ischemic strokes in contrast to adults where about 80-85% strokes are of arterial ischemic strokes. Stroke in children is comparable to brain tumors and is one of top ten common causes of death in children.

Arterial ischemic stroke in children has significant risk of mortality and morbidity leading to functional disability of patient along with financial burden over family and society. In one study it was estimated that 10-25% of children with stroke die, 25% have recurrence and about 66% of children have neurological deficit after recovery from acute illness or have future epilepsy, behaviour disorder or learning disabilities.

Early recognition and prompt treatment of paediatric stroke can reduce mortality, morbidity and in return can reduce both social and financial burden over society.

Conclusion:

In this review article we will discuss paediatric strokes, epidemiology, risk factors, differential diagnosis, investigations, management protocols, preventive measures and outcome.
Clinical spectrum, risk factors and electrophysiologic aspect of radial nerve injury
Authors: Kanwal Arfah , Safia Bano  , Ullah Ubaid , Ahsan Numan
Published: March 2023

Background and objective:

Radial nerve is injured due to a variety of reasons. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical spectrum, risk factors and electrophysiologic aspect of radial nerve injury presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Lahore.

Methods:

This descriptive prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at department of Neurology, Mayo hospital Lahore from July 2022 to December 2022 and comprised patients with isolated radial nerve injury on the basis of history and clinical examination regardless of their gender, above 15 years of age. NCS/EMG was done on a Japanese machine Nihon Kohden by an expert as per recommended protocol for electrodiagnostic evaluation of a suspected radial nerve injury and interpreted by consultant neurologist.

Results:

Of 75 patients, 52(69.3%) were males and 23(30.7%) were females. The most common etiology turned out to be misplaced intramuscular injection in 45(60%) of the patients. The site of lesion in most cases was in the spiral groove in 36 (40%) of the patient. Most of the patients i.e. 71(94.7%) had a wrist drop. Evidence of reinnervation was present in 30(40%) of patients.

Conclusion:

Most cases of radial nerve injury presented with a wrist drop in which the commonest etiology was misplaced intramuscular injection. The site of lesion in most cases turned out to at the level of spiral groove, and the nature of lesion was primarily axonal loss followed by secondary demyelination.
Holbein Gardens: delivering a low-carbon structure with reclaimed steel
Authors: Mills Robert
Published: March 2023

Holbein Gardens is an office redevelopment project in London being delivered within the UKGBC’s net-zero carbon buildings framework. The project involves the refurbishment of a 1980s concrete-framed building and construction of a one-storey vertical extension. This article describes the design team's approach to minimising the embodied carbon of the project, with a particular focus on the use of reclaimed steel. The article discusses several considerations relating to the reuse of steelwork, including sourcing, design challenges, testing and insurance, and aesthetics. The use of 25t of reclaimed steel on the project is estimated to have saved 35t of carbon compared with new steelwork. An average figure of 0.3kgCO2e/kg (stages A1–A5) has been calculated for the reused steelwork, helping to deliver an overall figure of just 65kgCO2e/m2 for the structural embodied carbon of the building (excluding the facade).
Research on “Internet+” Secondary School English Teachers’ Professional Development Strategy Based on SWOT Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yunyun
Published: March 2023

In the era of “Internet +”, the rapid development of information technology has also promoted the continuous innovation in the field of education. In recent years, scholars have begun to pay attention to the use of the Internet to promote teacher professional development, which provides a new path for teacher professional development, but at the same time, secondary school English teachers also face new challenges. Therefore, through SWOT analysis, this paper accurately grasps the strengths and weaknesses then provides relevant strategies for the professional development of English teachers based on opportunities and challenges of “Internet+” secondary school English teachers’ professional development.
A Comparative Study of Evidential Verb in Research Papers by Chinese and American Scholars: An Example of Experimental Research Paper on Oil and Gas
Authors: Sun Xiaoyue
Published: March 2023

Evidentiality refers to the speaker’s attitude towards the source of information and the reliability of the information conveyed and is one of the most important micro features of academic discourse. This study compared how Chinese and American researchers differed in the use of evidential verbs in their texts, the use of evidential verbs in 200 Chinese and American oil and gas experimental research papers is compared in this study using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies based on a comparative corpus. It was found that both Chinese and American students were able to learn the evidential verbs of empirical research and use more appropriate language to describe the course of the experimental research and its results, but Chinese students used less verbs, particularly perceptual, cognitive, and verbal evidential verbs. Chinese scholars struggle to take ownership of discourse and tend to employ negative verbs less frequently and their essays use a more homogeneous vocabulary. These findings highlight some of the writing issues Chinese scholars encounter while writing papers in the English language; this paper analyzes these issues and offers suggestions for academic writing.
Research on the Economic Management Model of Tibetan SMEs from the Perspective of Marketing
Authors: Zhai Lei , Wang Bosheng
Published: March 2023

With the development of Chinese enterprises, marketing and enterprise economic management are taking up an increasingly large proportion in the work of enterprises. It is undeniable that there are many problems in the enterprise economic management of Tibetan SMEs in China at present, such as the lack of relevance of economic management mode, limited to the traditional marketing concept, the organization cannot adapt to the actual development environment, the lack of enterprise economic management personnel, and the enterprise economic management system is not perfect. Measures are proposed accordingly for these problems to promote the marketing of Tibetan SMEs in China to have a rapid growth.
The Uncertainty and Countermeasures of General Anti-Avoidance Clause
Authors: Zhu Dian , Peng Yuanyuan
Published: March 2023

The Article 47 of the Enterprise Income Tax Law introduces the general anti-tax avoidance clause, and gradually constructs the general anti-tax avoidance rule system around the clause. General anti-tax avoidance provisions play an important role in making up for the deficiency of special anti-tax avoidance provisions in anti-tax avoidance. However, due to the unreasonable legislative provisions of general anti-tax avoidance provisions and the lack of judicial supervision of the administration-led anti-tax avoidance model, the tax authorities lack guidance in applying these rules, which leads to the uncertainty of the application of general anti-tax avoidance provisions. This article analyzes the causes of the uncertainty of general anti-tax avoidance provisions from the legislative, administrative and judicial aspects, and puts forward suggestions to solve the uncertainty caused by the legislation and application of general anti-tax avoidance provisions.
On Substantive Changes to Contracts Under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods
Authors: Wang Yuqing
Published: March 2023

First of all, it is important to clarify the premise that the most fundamental basis for the sale and purchase of goods between the international community and countries is in fact the contract for the sale and purchase of goods concluded between the buyer and the seller, and that this contract is the basis for the clarification of their rights and obligations between the parties and for the act of performance. The contract shall be formed on the basis of the act of offer and promise between the parties, so that the validity of the offer and promise has a direct influence on the formal formation of the contract and the subsequent act of sale and purchase of goods. National laws differ as to whether a promise must be identical to an offer. For example, in the common law system there is the well-known “mirror image principle”, which requires a high degree of conformity. Article 19 of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), however, provides for this in three main clauses. [i]Even though national laws and international treaties such as the CISG contain specific provisions on offers, promises and material changes to contracts, there is still much uncertainty in practice. This essay will extend the discussion of material change in contracts through a specific international trade case and will focus on the CISG provisions on material change in contracts and their content. Chapter 3 will provide reflections on material change based on the first two papers.
Intellectual Property: Legal Provisions and Legal Cases in Nepal
Authors: Vaidya Rashesh
Published: March 2023

Strengthening the legal protection of intellectual property (IP) is a major concern for entrepreneurs, inventors, and intellectual communities. It is accountable to the nation to protect its indigenous technology by strengthening its legal footing. Nepal, being a member of the World Trade Organization, is bound to develop a legal framework for the protection of intellectual property. Hence, the country has updated the laws related to IP within the Constitution, Acts, and Rules. There are an increasing number of legal conflicts arising regarding intellectual property in the courts of Nepal. The paper deals with the decisions forwarded on IP-related cases by the Supreme Court of Nepal. In the context of Nepal, an issue or complaint related to IP is initially filed at the Department of Industry as per the prevailing legal provisions relevant to IP. If the settlement is not confined to the department, then the case is forwarded to the District Court. The district-level court settled most IP-related legal cases in Nepal. Further, if the district-level court does not settle the case, it is then appealed to the High Court (then the Appellate Court). Few IP-related legal cases have reached the jurisdiction of Nepal’s Supreme Court, where they have been quashed on appeal, upheld lower-level court judgments, or even upheld or defended the decision of the Department of Industry or the Copyright Registrar’s Office. Nevertheless, given the dynamic nature of the business environment, the court of law should also go for amicus curiae for a better understanding of the crimes and to give a proper judgment on IP-related cases. At the same time, the government of Nepal needs to enact the necessary acts to show a commitment to the promise made in an international arena like the World Trade Organization.
DRUG UTILIZATION REVIEW OF FLUOROQUINOLONES AMONG THE OUT-PATIENTS IN A PUBLIC SECTOR HOSPITAL, PAKISTAN
Authors: Arshaad Awais , Sharafat Shahzaib , Mustafa Ayesha , Mahmood Hamza , Mustafa Fatima , Tariq Sonia , Asif Ammara
Published: March 2023

Background: The increase in antibiotic resistance is a challenging threat to the healthcare system. Irrational drug use, polypharmacy and the current epidemic of bacterial resistance is attributed to the over use of anti-microbial drugs. Objectives: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the utilization pattern of fluoroquinolones, to find significant difference between defined daily dose and prescribed daily dose of such antibiotics. Methodology: Quantitative observational, retrospective study was performed to measure the use of antibiotics, specifically Fluoroquinolones in the northern region of Punjab, Gujranwala District, Pakistan. Total 300 patients were enrolled in this study. Data was collected from the patients of all age regardless of their gender, by prescription review. Results: Total 300 prescriptions were reviewed to evaluate the prescription pattern of fluoroquinolones in outpatients. Out of 300 prescriptions, the average number of drugs per prescription was 4.5, maximum number of drugs per prescription was 8 and minimum one drug was prescribed in 28 (9.3) prescriptions. The number of prescriptions that contains the drugs without generic names were 71 (23.7) and which contains one drug with generic names were 203 (67.7). Encounter with antibiotic and injection prescribed were 79.3% and 5.3%, respectively. The most commonly prescribed anti-biotic was ciprofloxacin followed by levofloxacin (maximum defined daily dose). Conclusion: In this study we observed the drug utilization review of fluoroquinolones antibiotics by evaluating the prescribing patterns among the outpatients. All the study drugs were prescribed by their brand names rather than generic names which is not a rational prescribing and utilization pattern, leading to the enforcement of antibiotic stewardship program.
An Analysis of Ownership Structure and Corporate Governance Indicators on Discretionary Accruals
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Ul Haq Ehtisham , Waseem Muhammad
Published: March 2023

The debate on the impact of ownership structure and corporate governance on earnings management remains uncertain. This study explored the impact of ownership structure and corporate governance on earnings management with the use of the ordinary least square estimation method in the context of Pakistan. This study utilized the famous modified John’s model (1995) for estimating discretional accruals which are used as a proxy for earning management. Our results indicated that institutional investors play a significant role in constraining earnings management practices. The number of members on the board of directors, and ownership concentration influence discretionary accruals. Among the control variables, we found that more profitable firms, are growing, or have higher leverage actively manage their earnings, while earnings management decreases with the age of the firm. Results from this study revealed around the relationship between ownership structure and corporate governance code on earnings management was diverse. Larger investment by institutions decreases ownership concentration, removes block holding and consequently, it would decrease earning management. The result revealed that board independence has a positive impact on earning management. These results suggested that the board did not act as a monitoring tool to reduce the manipulation of the accounting information.
E-Commerce and Social Media Policies in the Digital Age: Legal Analysis and Recommendations for Management
Authors: Mujtaba Bahaudin , Cavico Frank
Published: March 2023

Technological developments, innovations, and e-commerce complexities have made it a requirement for human resources professionals in today’s digital workplace to become aware of modern laws regulating their workplace data handing procedures, while also making sure the entire organization is compliant. This paper provides a historical review of e-commerce laws, challenges, and how these are impacting the modern workplace’s privacy issues related to employees and consumers. Next, the paper explores the concept of sectoral policies in the United States. Finally, the paper examines and assesses the necessity of regulations currently in place as well as future legal needs. The conclusion is that as the internet matures and private sector procedures become standardized, there will be a need for more regulations for each sector of industry to protect the privacy of employees, along with the confidentiality of consumers’ data. Sound regulations will create clarity, certainty, and consistency in expectations and procedures, thereby reducing employee stress and voluntary turnover as well as avoiding legal problems.
Influence of Organizational Culture and Intrinsic Motivation on Employee Performance Through Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Fitriyana Ade , Prahiawan Wawan , Kambara Roni
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research to determine influence of organizational culture and intrinsic motivation on employee performance through Organizational Commitment. Independent variable in this research are organizational culture and intrinsic motivation, dependent variable is employee performance, and intervening variabel is organizational commitment. This research is held in Kantor Kementerian Agama Kota Serang. The Sample was taken 100 (one hundred) respondents. The primary data were collected using a questioner with analyzed by SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) statistic tools. The results of that analysis have been carried out, the results show that organizational culture has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, the intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant influence on employee performance, organizational commitment has a positive and significant influence on employee performance.
Influence of Intrinsic Motivation, Organizational Commitment, and Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance at CV. Ismie Jaya Tangerang
Authors: Prahiawan Wawan , Sulastri Sulastri , Arthawati Sri Ndaru
Published: March 2023

This research to determine the effect of intrinsic motivation, organizational commitment, and transformational leadership on employee performance. In this study, Intrinsic Motivation, Organizational Commitment, and Transformational Leadership as independent variables and Employee Performance as the dependent variable. This study using sample of 91 respondents with analysis descriptive statistical method. The results showed that partially intrinsic motivation, organizational commitment, and transformational leadership had a positive and significant influence on employee performance.
Trend Analysis of Particulate Matters Over Kathmandu Valley, 2020
Authors: Gupta Suresh Prasad , Poudel's Sushil , Shrestha Prakash Man , Adhikari Binod
Published: March 2023

Air pollution has been a major problem of 21st century both for developed and developing countries. It has negative impact on various environmental aspects which directly or indirectly affect the quality of human health. This study analyzed daily and monthly variation of Particulate matter; PM2.5 and PM10 in air pollution at four different locations Sankhapark, Bhaktapur, Ratnapark, and Bhaisipati of Kathmandu Valley in year 2020. The data calculated has been compared to the data of United State Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) standard. The results shows that the PM10 and PM2.5 varies in between Good to Unhealthy zone. Because of lockdown due to COVID-19 (From 24 March), pollution in Kathmandu decreased to minimum values being in Good zone and started to move towards moderate and USG –Category after lockdown is over. The Air quality Index lies in Good range from April to August. Values of AQI (PM2.5) and AQI(PM10) are well correlated and nature of variation of PM2.5 and PM10 are nearly same but magnitudes are changing in corresponding month of year 2020.
The relationship of anthropometric measurement, physical activity, psychosocial aspects and endometriosis
Authors: Shyamrani Y. , Prabha B.Sathya
Published: March 2023

Aim. To find out the association between the anthropometric measurement, the physical activity, psychosocial level and endometriosis. Materials and Methods. Thirty women diagnosed as endometriosis and 30 age matched non endometriosis women were recruited. Anthropometric measurement – Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist hip ratio (WHR) was measured. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Beck Depression Inventory scale (BDI) were used to measure the physical activity level and the psychosocial level respectively. Results. There was a significant difference in BMI between the groups. The odds ratio and relative risk analysis of endometriosis showed that there is an association between increased BMI, WHR, BDI and the risk of endometriosis (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Increased Body mass index, Waist Hip Ratio and Beck depression score (BMI > 30, WHR > 0.85 and BDI > 16) are associated with increased risk of endometriosis.
Effects of sub maximal aerobic exercise training versus flexibility exercises among young – polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Prabha Sathya , Theras Sheirly Maria L. , Suresh Aswathi
Published: March 2023

Background. Women of reproductive age suffer from an endocrine disorder called Polycystic Ovarian Syndromes (PCOS). It is basically related to metabolic disorders along with reproductive dysfunction. About 50-70% of women having PCOS suffer from Insulin Resistance (IR) which causes metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension, along with intolerance of glucose. Another harmful effect that occurred by PCOS is Hyperinsulinemia. Aim. This research is performed to contrast the effects of Sub Maximal Aerobic training (AE) Training with the Flexibility Exercises amongst Young – PCOS Population. Methods-24 PCOS diagnosed women were chosen. Centred on convenience sampling ‘12’ were on the AE group and the remaining 10 were on the flexibility group. Before and the end of the study, ‘22’ samples were screened with the homeostasis models assessment (HOMA) (Insulin), Ferriman-gallwey score, along with BMI. 3-5 times per week, AE of running or jogging was rendered to one group and flexibility exercises were rendered to the other group for 8 weeks and also audio-visual material used for reference. Results and conclusion. In the AE group, a small variation in the Insulin Resistance (IR) (p value = 0.0435) can well be seen as of the outcomes' comparison. There is a considerable post-test difference in betwixt groups of HOMA-IR. Thus, to improve insulin sensitivity resistance, PA is recommended among the PCOS population.
Differences in political trust between migrants and non-migrants in pandemic times (Online-Appendix)
Authors: Weber Florian , Gentile Raffaela , Reichelt Hanna , Horr Andreas , Taraszow Tatjana , Springer Angelina
Published: March 2023

Political trust is one aspect that might be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the strict government-implemented measures to fight the virus. Previous studies report an increase in political trust at the onset of the pandemic in several European countries, followed by a marginal decline over the further course of the pandemic. However, it is unclear how political trust changes among first and second generation migrants in Germany compared to natives throughout the pandemic. To address this question, we use data from the adult cohort of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) at one measurement point before, and two during the pandemic. Consistent with previous studies, our data show that pre-pandemic, political trust is higher among first generation migrants than among second generation migrants and natives. We examine how these previous differences evolve throughout the pandemic. Our results indicate that political trust increases significantly only for natives and second generation migrants, but not for first generation migrants at the beginning of the pandemic. Later in the first year of the pandemic, political trust is higher than pre-pandemic for all groups. Neither vulnerabilities nor sociodemographic control variables can explain the differences between the groups.
Police Control Units – Abhängigkeitsverhältnisse bei der strafrechtlichen Kontrolle von Polizeiverhalten
Authors: Wrobel Max
Published: March 2023

Die strafrechtliche Nachbereitung von mutmaßlichem polizeilichem Fehlverhalten wird in Deutschland als defizitär wahrgenommen, vor allem weil Verfahrenssubjekt und Verfahrensleitung im Hilfsbeamtenmodell gleichgerichtete Interessen im alltäglichen Ablauf des Ermittlungsverfahrens aufweisen. Ein Blick auf die Genese des status quo des Verhältnisses der beiden wichtigsten Strafverfolgungsorgane zueinander, der Staatsanwaltschaft und der Polizei, sowie ein Blick auf andere europäische Rechtsordnungen sollen einen Ausweg aus bestehenden Interessenkonflikten und Schulterschlusseffekten aufzeigen.
Barfußschuhe und Holzeisenbahnen
Authors: Weimer Wolfgang
Published: March 2023

Contrary to our conception of logic and science, our reality of life doesn’t shy at paradoxes which are rather omnipresent there. In fact they are to be found everywhere and are not understood as faults. Paradoxes are seen as stimulating; they attract our attention and make as laugh about the conditio humana.

The book starts with a collection of paradoxical quotes from antiquity, followed in the central part by a survey of numerous examples ordered by spheres of life. This will show the broad dissemination of the phenomenon of paradox. Furthermore some examples taken from literature are to follow, not to forget jocular samples.

Finally the question is raised if and within which limits paradoxes can be used in a sensible way.
Der junge Horkheimer
Authors: Münster Arno
Published: March 2023

Max Horkheimer, the founder of the critical theory of the ‘Frankfurt School’, died in July 1973. In his essay dedicated to this great thinker, sociologist and philosopher, the author attempts to uncover the theoretical roots of this critical thinking in the philosopher's early work. He analyses Horkheimer's early commitment to the cause of the victims of social, economic and political oppression as well as all systems that trample on the freedom and dignity of the individual and that discriminate against and persecute minorities. He also pays special attention to Horkheimer's struggle against the authoritarian state, against totalitarianism as well as anti-Semitism.
Die Strafbarkeit der Marktteilnahme
Authors: Bach Jakob
Published: March 2023

The criminal liability associated with participating in illegal markets through the acquisition of physical goods as well as the retrieval of digital content is often justified when one takes into consideration that the market participant is not only contributing to the continuation of the market’s existence by increasing demand, but is also promoting the violation of legal interests by simply participating in said market. This line of argumentation will be critically examined in the thesis. Through the application of an approach based on the doctrine of legal interests, criteria regarding culpability for demand-generating behavior in illegal markets can be developed and a need for reform identified upon utilization of these criteria. In doing so, it becomes clear that the influence of the “demand paradigm” on substantive criminal law advances questionable expansionary tendencies.
Monitoring des Vorhabenträgers im Naturschutzrecht
Authors: Wördenweber Max
Published: March 2023

In environmental law, monitoring replaces more and more public surveillance with self-surveillance of the project promoter. The author illustrates the legal relations between the administration and the project promoter and analyses how environmental risks can be regulated and how the monitoring can generate ecological knowledge. Whilst taking into account legal practice and ecological science, the author demonstrates how the monitoring can be seen as an object of an administrative concept and if the monitoring can already be classified as an independent type of action.
Spielformen des Komischen
Authors: Nolte Thomas
Published: March 2023

»Alle Revolutionselemente, alles Menschheitsempörende, was sie wo anders in Großen haben, das haben wir Krähwinkler in Kleinen. Wir haben ein absolutes Tyrannerl, unsern Bürgermeister, wir haben ein unverantwortliches Ministeriumerl, ein Bureaukratieerl, ein Censurerl, Stadtschulderln weit über unsere Kräfterln, also müssen wir auch ein Revolutionerl und durch’s Revolutionerl ein Constitutionerl und ein Freyheiterl krieg’n.« (Johann Nestroy)

Das im 19. Jahrhundert enorm populäre Unterhaltungstheater erfreut sich zwar nach wie vor großer Beliebtheit, wurde von der Forschung jedoch nur teilweise gewürdigt. Spielformen des Komischen verortet dieses Theater nun im Zentrum der ästhetisch-politischen Kontroversen des 19. Jahrhunderts. Aus europäischer Perspektive zeichnet sich dieses Jahrhundert durch eine gesteigerte Aufmerksamkeit für die trivialen Dinge des Alltags aus. Das Komische und die mit ihm verwandten Gattungen – die seit jeher für die Trivialitäten des Alltags zuständig sind – erhalten einen ungeahnten Bedeutungszuwachs, indem sie die Partizipationsbestrebungen der Bevölkerung verhandeln.

Wie diese Bestrebungen auf der Bühne zur Sprache gebracht werden, erkundet das Buch von Thomas Nolte und erzählt auf diese Weise zugleich eine kleine Geschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts aus dem Blickwinkel des komischen Unterhaltungstheaters. In einem chronologischen Durchgang unterzieht es mit dem Wiener Vorstadttheater in der ersten und dem Pariser Vaudeville seit der zweiten Jahrhunderthälfte ganz unterschiedliche Stücke vier exemplarischer Theaterautoren einer genauen Lektüre: Ferdinand Raimund, Johann Nestroy, Eugène Labiche und Georges Feydeau.
Ranking of Factors Affecting Productivity in Ahvaz Hospitals Using Analytic Network Process (ANP) Technique
Authors: Rezaei Darzi Kobra , Mirzaei Abasat , Ghasembegloo Amin
Published: March 2023

Background: The hospital system is essential for providing medical services, and improving productivity is vital for enhancing the health system. Objectives: This study aimed to rank factors affecting productivity in Ahvaz hospitals using the analytic network process (ANP) technique. Methods: The statistical population of the current study was 60 personnel of Ahvaz hospitals (20 from each hospital), who were selected by purposive sampling. The sampling method was purposive. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data related to research variables, and its validity was evaluated using content validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient test was used by SPSS software version 22 to measure the reliability, which was as much as 0.87. The ANP method was used by the Super-Decisions software to prioritize the influencing factors on hospital efficiency. Finally, the normalized weight (NW) was calculated for each main factor and sub-factors using the geometric mean technique after normalizing the obtained values. Results: Prioritizing the main factors affecting the productivity of Ahvaz hospitals showed that management factors (NW = 0.294), economic factors (NW = 0.269), human factors (NW = 0.267), and technological factors (NW = 0.171) were placed in the first to fourth priority, respectively. Conclusions: Based on the results, factors such as the relatively weak management of hospitals, failure of supervisory mechanisms, lack of human resources, unrealistic tariffs for diagnostic and therapeutic services, incomplete implementation of the new hospital administration system plan, low salaries and wages of personnel were the most critical obstacles for improving productivity in Ahvaz hospitals. Therefore, enhancing the level of hospital management and fully implementing the new hospital administration system plan is essential for increasing the productivity of Ahvaz hospitals.
Making oxygen from the Martian atmosphere
Authors: Hecht Michael
Published: March 2023

The possibility of a manned mission to Mars is gaining traction. But how do you create the oxygen necessary for the astronauts to remain on the planet and, more importantly, how do you develop the rocket fuel necessary to bring them back? MOXIE is the answer.
Helping endangered donkeys and zebras from the laboratory
Authors: Gambini Andrés
Published: March 2023

Extinction is not something that necessarily springs to mind when considering donkeys and other equids such as horses and zebras. But for different species of wild donkey, zebra and wild horse, there are wildly different situations regarding their population health, as The University of Queensland’s Andrés Gambini and Nicole Duncan explain.
Geometry, and the origin of mass.
Authors: Tancredi Lorenzo
Published: March 2023

Professor Lorenzo Tancredi discusses the ideas behind the ERC-funded HighPHun project and its proposal to develop a new mathematical language that will potentially open a door to start unravelling the mysteries behind the origin of mass.
Governed by Grief, Fear and Reverence: Dealing with the Dead and the Buried during the Middle Neolithic on Gotland
Authors: Andersson Helena
Published: March 2023

The Middle Neolithic sites on Gotland are characterized by variety in the handling of human remains. In addition to burials with complete and intact skeletons and package-burials, some contexts contain mutilated bodies, or they contain a few human bones or none. These practices have previously been interpreted as resulting from modern disturbances such as ploughing or pre-depositional treatment of dead bodies. Based on re-examination of the field documentation and C14-dates, I argue that the diverse ways of treating human skeletal remains represent post-depositional practices, and I propose that part of the mortuary practices was to reopen graves and exhume bones. During the Middle Neolithic, death might have been conceptualized as a process, and treatment of the dead and the buried could have been governed by a variety of emotions like grief, fear and reverence.
Một số cập nhật trong chẩn đoán viêm nội tâm mạc nhiễm khuẩn
Authors: PGS.TS.Hồ Huỳnh Quang Trí -
Published: March 2023

MỞ ĐẦU

Năm 1885, GS. William Osler, một trong những người đặt nền tảng cho y học hiện đại, đã phát biểu như sau: “Ít có bệnh nào về mặt chẩn đoán gây nhiều khó khăn như viêm nội tâm mạc nhiễm khuẩn (VNTMNK), những khó khăn mà trong nhiều trường hợp là không thể khắc phục được. Nhiều thầy thuốc giỏi không sợ mất uy tín khi nhìn nhận rằng ở một nửa trong số bệnh nhân VNTMNK mà họ đã khám, chẩn đoán chỉ được xác định sau khi bệnh nhân chết”. Câu nói này phản ánh những khó khăn lớn trong việc chẩn đoán VNTMNK ở thời điểm đó. Hiện nay y học đã đạt rất nhiều tiến bộ, tuy nhiên chẩn đoán VNTMNK trong nhiều trường hợp cũng vẫn còn là một thách thức đối với thầy thuốc. Kể từ khi được công bố năm 2000, tiêu chuẩn Duke cải biên đã được các hội chuyên khoa khuyến cáo dùng để chẩn đoán VNTMNK (bảng 1) [1]. Dù được công nhận là bộ tiêu chuẩn tốt nhất từ trước đến nay để chẩn đoán VNTMNK, tiêu chuẩn Duke cải biên cũng chỉ có độ nhạy 70-79% [2,3]. Độ nhạy không cao này có liên quan với một số yếu tố, trong đó phải kể đến tỷ lệ cấy máu âm tính tương đối cao và những hạn chế của siêu âm tim thông thường. Trong thời gian gần đây đã có nhiều cải tiến quan trọng trong các kỹ thuật chẩn đoán hình ảnh tim mạch và vi sinh được ứng dụng vào việc xác định chẩn đoán VNTMNK cũng như xác định vi khuẩn gây bệnh.
Đánh giá hiệu quả kỹ thuật Crush tối thiểu trong can thiệp tổn thương chia đôi động mạch vành
Authors: Hồ Văn Phước  , Huỳnh Hữu Năm  , Nguyễn Trần An  , Lê Ngọc Tuấn Anh
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của kỹ thuật Crush tối thiểu trong can thiệp tổn thương chia đôi động mạch vành.

Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: bao gồm 32 bệnh nhân, chẩn đoán tổn thương vị trí chia đôi động mạch vành, được can thiệp bằng kỹ thuật Crush tối thiểu tại Khoa Tim mạch can thiệp – Bệnh viện Đà Nẵng, thời gian từ tháng 3/2020 - 9/2020. Thành công về mặt kỹ thuật được định nghĩa khi thực hiện được tất cả các bước của kỹ thuật Crush tối thiểu và không có biến chứng. Tái khám sau 2 tháng, đánh giá biến cố tim mạch chính (tử vong do mọi nguyên nhân, nhồi máu cơ tim, cần tái thông lại động mạch vành, đột quỵ và nhập viện vì suy tim), mức độ đau ngực theo phân độ đau ngực của Hội Tim mạch Canada và mức độ suy tim theo phân độ suy tim của Hội Tim New York.

Kết quả: Tỷ lệ thành công về mặt kỹ thuật là 90,6%. Có 9,4% không thành công do không đưa bóng vào lại nhánh bên để thực hiện bước nong bóng đồng thời. Không ghi nhận tai biến trong quá trình can thiệp. Theo dõi 2 tháng sau can thiệp động mạch vành, tỷ lệ đau ngực và suy tim giảm rõ so với trước can thiệp. Không ghi nhận trường hợp nào có biến cố tim mạch chính.

Kết luận: Kỹ thuật Crush tối thiểu là kỹ thuật an toàn, giúp cải thiện triệu chứng đau ngực và suy tim cho bệnh nhân có tổn thương vị trí chia đôi động mạch vành.

Từ khóa: Can thiệp động mạch vành, tổn thương chia đôi động mạch vành, kỹ thuật Crush tối thiểu.
Dialogue and UNESCO’s Mission: An Epistemic Approach
Authors: Jalali Ahmad ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2023

In this article, I will offer some remarks on and analysis of the epistemic approach to understanding dialogue and difference of its nature to negotiation. My conceptual deliberations on dialogue have been influenced by two contemporary European philosophers, Hans-Georg Gadamer and Karl Raimund Popper, as well as by the mystical and visionary elaborations of the Persian Islamic thinker, Jalaluddin Rumi of the thirteenth century. I will elaborate on the topics of dialogue and the arts of questioning and listening; dialogue and the issue of language and being; and dialogue and its conduct. I will then address the socio-political conditions necessary for a genuine dialogue; and finally, I will briefly review UNESCO’s raison d'etre and conclude with a discussion of dialogue’s relevance to UNESCO’s mission.
Resume
Authors: Mencwel Andrzej , Bańkowski Maciej ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2023

This summary was delivered at the closing session of the “Korczak: A New Anthropology of Education” conference on September 21, 2002 in the Polish Culture Institute of Warsaw University’s Polish Studies Faculty. Author points that the primary goal of the conference was to set Korczak’s work against modern-day thought trends and cultural dilemmas. Summing up the result of the conference author notices that the deepest roots of the Korczak’s work lies in the Judaic and Christian traditions but it also draws on European enlightenment, Polish romanticism, and positivism.