bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing communications: innovative approaches to their formation and application tools
Authors: Burdyak Oleh
Published: July 2023

In this article, the author analyzes the features of the formation of marketing communications in organizations and modern, innovative approaches; emphasizes that the innovative approach to communications is based on the idea of communication as a strategic resource of the organization, the main task of which is to ensure the harmonization and productivity of relationships within the organization and its free entry into the external communication space. This approach involves the development of new principles for building a communication system at all levels and stages of enterprise’s activities, in all areas – from the development of elements of the marketing mix to personnel changes. The author considers social media to be an integral part and tool of modern marketing communications, thanks to cooperation with which leading companies attract the attention of a significant number of new users and strengthen their achievements. Almost 3.5 billion internet users in the world use social media, and this figure continues to grow. It creates a great potential for marketers to attract attention of a wide and interested audience to their brand.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan terhadap Penghindaran Pajak pada Perbankan di Indonesia
Authors: Andrean Toni , Suryarini Trisni
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio keuangan yaitu likuiditas, leverage, dan arus kas operasi terhadap penghindaran pajak dan pengaruh profitabilitas dalam memoderasi hubungan antara likuiditas, leverage, dan arus kas operasi terhadap penghindaran pajak. Populasi penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2018 – 2021. Data penelitian menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan menerapkan beberapa kriteria, sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 26 perusahaan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis regresi moderasi menggunakan uji nilai selisih mutlak yang diolah dengan menggunakan Software IBM SPSS Statistics Versi 23. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa variabel leverage berpengaruh positif terhadap penghindaran pajak, sedangkan variabel likuiditas dan arus kas operasi terbukti tidak berpengaruh terhadap penghindaran pajak. Variabel profitabilitas tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh likuiditas, leverage, dan arus kas operasi terhadap penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan rasio keuangan yang diproksikan dengan likuiditas, leverage, arus kas operasi, dan profitabilitas sebagai faktor penentu penghindaran pajak. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat menggunakan rasio keuangan lain seperti rasio aktivitas atau menambahkan variabel lain yang diduga mempengaruhi aktivitas penghindaran pajak. Pengukuran yang berbeda juga dapat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik kedepannya.
Longitudinal Family Business Research – Review of the Literature
Authors:   Budapest Business School, Filep udit Csákné , Radácsi László ,   Budapest Business School
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Cross-sectional research methods are not able to grasp the special characteristics and unique operation modes of family businesses. The aim of the study is to map the type of topics examined and methodologies used in longitudinal empirical studies in family business research. The study examines the topics and methodologies covered in the literature and the advantages and challenges of each methodological approach. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted a literature review and drew conclusions based on a detailed analysis of 99 articles. The paper presents the distribution of topics, the applied methodology, and evaluates quantitative and qualitative methods. Findings: Within seven topics identified, most studies were published on family business governance, operation, succession, and the internationalization of family firms. The majority of longitudinal family business research is based on quantitative methodologies, but the proportion of studies using qualitative approaches is also gaining momentum, while the use of mixed-method approaches is negligible. Limitations: We collected the data from the Web of Science database and our study may reflect the limitations of this database. Two of our researchers conducted the article selection process manually and, despite the greatest care, it is possible that valuable articles were left out of the analysis. Due to the applied selection and analysis methods, the comparability of our results with more comprehensive literature reviews on family businesses is limited. The results relate to longitudinal, empirical research papers only. The time span covered by our research is narrow, there are more comprehensive and up-to-date literature reviews available. Originality/value: The study contributes to longitudinal family business research.
Does the Perceived Authentic Leadership Have a Mediating Role in the Relationship Between Employees’ Emotional Intelligence and Self-Compassion?
Authors:   Artvin Çoruh University Faculty of Health Sciences, Yalap Osman , Gençay Emre ,   Kırsehir Ahi Evran University Mucur Vocational School
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate whether perceived authentic leadership has a mediating role in the relationship between employees’ emotional intelligence levels and their self- -compassion perceptions. Design/methodology/approach: All data in the research were obtained from 175 employees in 12 different tea factories. In the study, in which the descriptive and cross-sectional method was followed, the analysis of the data was made with Hayes’ (2013) simple mediation analysis approach within the scope of structural equation modeling. Findings: The results of the analysis show that authentic leadership perceptions of employees are positively related to their emotional intelligence levels and self-compassion perceptions, and that perceived authentic leadership plays a mediating role in this relationship. Research limitations/implications: The research has some limitations. First, the findings obtained in the course of the analyses are not generalized to the whole population, as they are collected from a specific sample. It should be mentioned that the results were obtained from different institutions. It can be said that the perceived authentic leadership approach plays a role in the relationship between individual-oriented positive attitudes such as emotional intelligence and self-compassion. Therefore, it is anticipated that the results obtained from the study contribute to the literature. In addition, handling the statistical aspect of the research only with the mediation analysis approach constitutes a separate limitation. Different statistical approaches can be adopted for future studies. Originality/value: This study presents a fragment of the results of structural equation modeling conducted for tea industry employees in Turkey on the topic of authentic leadership.
Le 3 avril 1986 : expression d’une mésentente politique en Haïti : retour sur un élément de la mémoire indocile du mouvement féministe haïtien
Authors: Lamour Sabine
Published: July 2023

Après la chute de la dictature en 1986, Haïti connaît un bouleversement politique majeur culminant par le renouveau du mouvement social haïtien, qui inclut celui de la relance du féminisme haïtien. Dans ce processus, la marche des femmes du 3 avril 1986 constitue un moment évènement, une date de référence à partir de laquelle se structure la mémoire des luttes post-1986 des femmes. L’auteure retrace les lieux de cette mémoire, analyse le sens et la portée symbolique de cette date, tout en revisitant des luttes menées par les femmes depuis les années 1940 pour leur participation aux espaces décisionnels. Son récit met en évidence la mésentente qui traverse la sphère politique : la mise hors jeu politique des femmes. En outre, il dévoile les jalons posés par les femmes pour s’approprier la date en question et bâtir un lieu collectif où la mémoire féministe se construit en préservant son autonomie.
Archives affabulatoires, engagisme queer et ZOM-FAM de Kama La Mackerel1
Authors: Bissonauth Natasha
Published: July 2023

L’auteure avance que le recueil de poésie ZOM-FAM, de Kama La Mackerel, constitue une archive affabulatoire de l’engagisme queer (queer indenture). Elle situe d’abord son recueil dans le contexte des histoires d’esclavage et d’engagisme de l’île Maurice, pour observer ensuite la façon dont ZOM-FAM offre une optique queer par des approches décoloniales au langage, ainsi qu’une esthétique qui éclaire de nouvelles généalogies d’engagisme queer et de genre décolonial.
Amitié archivée : la documentation de l’intime comme stratégie de dernier recours dans la pratique biographique de France Théoret
Authors: Drapeau-Bisson Marie-Lise
Published: July 2023

Dans le travail de mémoire effectué pour son amie et collègue, Louky Bersianik, France Théoret se trouve dans une impasse archivistique qui fait écho à l’expérience des féministes lesbiennes et queers qui ne peuvent se fier à des stratégies d’archivage conventionnel et qui se tournent vers la documentation de l’intime pour la transmission de leur héritage. Dans le cas de Théoret, le recours à l’intime constitue plutôt une stratégie de dernier recours, qui pallie les absences résultant des structures hétéronormatives auxquelles elles se sont fiées – l’institution littéraire, la famille biologique et les pratiques archivistiques traditionnelles. L’autrice explore dans le présent article la manière dont les écueils de l’hétérosexualité et les privilèges qu’elle confère dans la construction d’un héritage féministe façonnent le legs de Bersianik.
Le préservatif lors des rapports hétérosexuels occasionnels : l’utiliser ou l’abandonner? Le plaisir sexuel féminin au prisme du genre
Authors: Carbajal Myrian
Published: July 2023

Le plaisir sexuel peut prendre la forme d’une injonction sociale. Cette injonction aurait comme effet de renforcer la responsabilité des femmes, qui devraient, lors de leurs rapports sexuels occasionnels, non seulement éviter des grossesses et des infections sexuellement transmissibles, mais aussi ressentir du plaisir. Par l’analyse de deux cas de figure (rapports sexuels d’ordre pénovaginal protégés et non protégés) issus d’entretiens avec des jeunes femmes d’origine latino-américaine en Suisse, l’auteure propose, dans cet article, de lire ces interactions sexuelles comme des tentatives de faire face à l’injonction sociale au plaisir sexuel. Que ce soit dans un cas (protection) comme dans l’autre (non-protection), il est question de créer des conditions propices à la production du plaisir sexuel féminin compris comme complémentaire à celui du partenaire ou pensé, avant tout, à partir de son propre plaisir.
Perspectives critiques du féminisme en Afrique : femmes « sous silence » au Sénégal
Authors: Sonko Fatoumata Bernadette
Published: July 2023

Au Sénégal, le patriarcat continue à construire et à légitimer socialement et religieusement la sous-représentation des femmes dans les médias. L’auteure essaie de montrer comment les idées héritées de la colonisation et perpétuées par les autorités sénégalaises depuis 1960, combinées au poids des traditions, mettent les femmes « sous silence ». Basée sur une démarche qualitative, l’étude tente de décortiquer toute la complexité entourant le silence des femmes dans les médias, une attitude qui dépasse largement les limites de la sphère médiatique.
A critical role for heme synthesis and succinate in the regulation of pluripotent states transitions
Authors: Detraux Damien , Caruso Marino , Feller Louise , Fransolet Maude , Meurant Sébastien , Mathieu Julie , Arnould Thierry , Renard Patricia
Published: July 2023

Using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in regenerative medicine or in disease modeling requires a complete understanding of these cells. Two main distinct developmental states of ESCs have been stabilized in vitro, a naïve pre-implantation stage and a primed post-implantation stage. Based on two recently published CRISPR-Cas9 knockout functional screens, we show here that the exit of the naïve state is impaired upon heme biosynthesis pathway blockade, linked in mESCs to the incapacity to activate MAPK- and TGFβ-dependent signaling pathways after succinate accumulation. In addition, heme synthesis inhibition promotes the acquisition of 2 cell-like cells in a heme-independent manner caused by a mitochondrial succinate accumulation and leakage out of the cell. We further demonstrate that extracellular succinate acts as a paracrine/autocrine signal, able to trigger the 2C-like reprogramming through the activation of its plasma membrane receptor, SUCNR1. Overall, this study unveils a new mechanism underlying the maintenance of pluripotency under the control of heme synthesis.
SDN-IoT: SDN-based efficient clustering scheme for IoT using improved Sailfish optimization algorithm
Authors: Mohammadi Ramin , Akleylek Sedat , Ghaffari Ali
Published: July 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) includes billions of different devices and various applications that generate a huge amount of data. Due to inherent resource limitations, reliable and robust data transmission for a huge number of heterogenous devices is one of the most critical issues for IoT. Therefore, cluster-based data transmission is appropriate for IoT applications as it promotes network lifetime and scalability. On the other hand, Software Defined Network (SDN) architecture improves flexibility and makes the IoT respond appropriately to the heterogeneity. This article proposes an SDN-based efficient clustering scheme for IoT using the Improved Sailfish optimization (ISFO) algorithm. In the proposed model, clustering of IoT devices is performed using the ISFO model and the model is installed on the SDN controller to manage the Cluster Head (CH) nodes of IoT devices. The performance evaluation of the proposed model was performed based on two scenarios with 150 and 300 nodes. The results show that for 150 nodes ISFO model in comparison with LEACH, LEACH-E reduced energy consumption by about 21.42% and 17.28%. For 300 ISFO nodes compared to LEACH, LEACH-E reduced energy consumption by about 37.84% and 27.23%.
Track cycling sprint sex differences using power data
Authors: Ferguson Hamish , Harnish Chris , Klich Sebastian , Michalik Kamil , Dunst Anna Katharina , Zhou Tony , Chase J Geoffrey
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Currently, there are no data on sex differences in the power profiles in sprint track cycling. This cross-section study analyses retrospective data of female and male track sprint cyclists for sex differences. We hypothesized that women would exhibit lower peak power to weight than men, as well as demonstrate a different distribution of power durations related to sprint cycling performance.

Design

We used training, testing, and racing data from a publicly available online depository (www.strava.com), for 29 track sprint cyclists (eight women providing 18 datasets, and 21 men providing 54 datasets) to create sex-specific profiles. R2 was used to describe model quality, and regression indices are used to compare watts per kilogram (W/kg) for each duration for both sexes against a 1:1 relationship expected for 15-s:15-s W/kg.

Results

We confirmed our sample were sprint cyclists, displaying higher peak and competition power than track endurance cyclists. All power profiles showed a high model quality (R2 ≥ 0.77). Regression indices for both sexes were similar for all durations, suggesting similar peak power and similar relationship between peak power and endurance level for both men and women (rejecting our hypothesis). The value of R2 for the female sprinters showed greater variation suggesting greater differences within female sprint cyclists.

Conclusion

The main finding shows female sprint cyclists in this study have very similar relationships between peak power and endurance power as men. Higher variation in W/kg for women in this study than men, within these strong relationships, indicates women in this study, had greater inter-athlete variability, and may thus require more personalised training. Future work needs to be performed with larger samples, and at different levels to optimize these recommendations.
NA FAMÍLIA, NA ESCOLA, NA PRÁTICA DOCENTE: RELATOS DE BARREIRAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO E DE ACESSIBILIDADE ENFRENTADAS PELAS PESSOAS SURDAS
Authors: Romário Lucas , Oliveira Lincoln Damacena , Lima Vanessa Ferreira
Published: July 2023

Este artigo aborda as barreiras de comunicação e de acessibilidade presentes na vida das pessoas surdas no âmbito familiar, escolar e na prática docente, tendo em vista que os sujeitos da pesquisa eram professores/as da Educação Básica e do Ensino Superior. Articulada aos Estudos Surdos, a metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa, e o instrumento para a obtenção de dados foi o questionário. Os sujeitos do estudo apontaram que as barreiras são percebidas desde o início de suas trajetórias, quando a família ouvinte não domina a língua de sinais, e transcorrem ao longo de suas vidas estudantil e profissional. A presença ou a ausência da língua de sinais impacta diretamente tanto as crianças surdas, como os/as adultos/as, que sentem as barreiras comunicacionais e de acessibilidade nos diferentes ambientes que participam, quando ela é relegada.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO: reflexões teóricas para a Educação em Ciências
Authors: Rodrigues Alessandra , Machado Gisele Ferreira
Published: July 2023

Neste ensaio teórico, fruto de uma investigação mais abrangente, apresentamos reflexões acerca do papel das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) para a construção da Alfabetização Científica (AC) em contextos escolares. Entendemos que as TDIC e seus alcances podem ter impacto sobre o processo de desenvolvimento da AC – também alterado, por sua vez, diante das inovações tecnológicas e comunicativas que possibilitam cada vez mais interatividade, autoria e troca de conhecimentos por meio das mídias digitais. O uso das TDIC nesse contexto deve promover a formação de um cidadão capaz de confrontar textos construídos por meio das mais distintas linguagens, mas também de um leitor crítico e capaz de interpretar e utilizar termos científicos, confrontar informações científicas com outras fontes compreendendo a natureza da ciência bem como suas relações com a tecnologia, a sociedade e o meio ambiente.
A ESCRITA EM AULAS DE QUÍMICA E AS PRÁTICAS EPISTÊMICAS MOBILIZADAS PELOS ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Aguilar Juliana Aparecida , Silva Fernando César
Published: July 2023

Entendemos a escrita nas aulas de Ciências como uma prática social com normas convencionalizadas por uma comunidade. Nesse sentido, buscamos compreender como os estudantes se engajam em atividades de escrita em aulas de Química. Orientados pela pesquisa de natureza interventiva, exploramos os registros escritos produzidos pelos estudantes, identificando as práticas epistêmicas mobilizadas pelos estudantes. Os resultados revelaram que essas práticas podem se dar mesmo que os consensos registrados sejam mais próximos do científico, não necessitando obrigatoriamente de ser em uma primeira versão. Isso porque as práticas epistêmicas se relacionam aos movimentos que estudantes realizam para escrever seus consensos, que podem ser constantemente reavaliados. Como implicações mostramos que a interação entre estudantes e professor não se encerra no discurso oral.
E-Cigarettes and Stroke Risk—Present Uncertainties and Future Directions
Authors: Elser Holly , Vijayaraghavan Maya , Kasner Scott E.
Published: July 2023

This Viewpoint describes the need for epidemiological studies of the association between e-cigarette use and risk of stroke to inform decision-making among patients, health care practitioners, and policy makers.
Patterns of Outpatient Follow-up Visits After Hospitalizations for Acute Bronchiolitis
Authors: Shapiro Daniel J. , Wu Ann Chen , Hersh Adam L. , Coon Eric R.
Published: July 2023

This cohort study examines the associations of posthospitalization follow-up with emergency department visits, readmissions, and use of nonrecommended medications among children with bronchiolitis.
What makes a good pollinator? Abundant and specialised insects with long flight periods transport the most strawberry pollen
Authors: Villa‐Galaviz Edith , Cirtwill Alyssa R. , Gibson Rachel , Timberlake Thomas , Roslin Tomas , Memmott Jane
Published: July 2023

Despite the importance of insect pollination to produce marketable fruits, insect pollination management is limited by insufficient knowledge about key crop pollinator species. This lack of knowledge is due in part to (1) the extensive labour involved in collecting direct observations of pollen transport, (2) the variability of insect assemblages over space and time and (3) the possibility that pollinators may need access to wild plants as well as crop floral resources.

We address these problems using strawberry in the United Kingdom as a case study. First, we compare two proxies for estimating pollinator importance: flower visits and pollen transport. Pollen‐transport data might provide a closer approximation of pollination service, but visitation data are less time‐consuming to collect. Second, we identify insect parameters that are associated with high importance as pollinators, estimated using each of the proxies above. Third, we estimated insects' use of wild plants as well as the strawberry crop.

Overall, pollinator importances estimated based on easier‐to‐collect visitation data were strongly correlated with importances estimated based on pollen loads. Both frameworks suggest that bees (Apis and Bombus) and hoverflies (Eristalis) are likely to be key pollinators of strawberries, although visitation data underestimate the importance of bees.

Moving beyond species identities, abundant, relatively specialised insects with long active periods are likely to provide more pollination services.

Most insects visiting strawberry plants also carried pollen from wild plants, suggesting that pollinators need diverse floral resources.

Identifying essential pollinators or pollinator parameters based on visitation data will reach the same general conclusions as those using pollen transport data, at least in monoculture crop systems. Managers may be able to enhance pollination service by preserving habitats surrounding crop fields to complement pollinators' diets and provide habitats for diverse life stages of wild pollinators.
Regulation of Dendritic Cell Functions by Vitamins as Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Immune System Disorders
Authors: Ghahramanipour Zahra , Alipour Shiva , Masoumi Javad , Rostamlou Arman , Hatami‐Sadr Amirhossein , Heris Javad Ahmadian , Naseri Bahar , Jafarlou Mahdi , Baradaran Behzad
Published: July 2023

A functional immune system is crucial for a healthy life, protecting from infections, tumors, or autoimmune disorders; these are accomplished by the interaction between various immune cells. Nourishment, particularly micronutrients, are very important components in the immune system balance, therefore this review emphasizes the vitamins (D, E, A, C) and Dendritic cells’ subsets due to vitamins’ roles in immune processes, especially on dendritic cells' functions, maturation, and cytokine production. Current studies reveal significant benefits related to vitamins, including vitamin E, which can contribute to the control of dendritic cells’ function and maturation. Furthermore, vitamin D plays an immunoregulatory and anti‐inflammatory role in the immune system. Metabolite of vitamin A which is called retinoic acid leads to T cells’ differentiation to T helper 1 or T helper 17, so low levels of this vitamin exacerbate the menace of infectious diseases, and vitamin C has anti‐oxidant effects on dendritic cells and modulate their activation and differentiation program. Additionally, the correlation between the amount of vitamin and the occurrence or progression of allergic diseases and autoimmunity disorders is discussed according to the results of previous studies.
Narrow‐Bandgap Mixed 0D/1D Bismuth Bromide Perovskite Hydrate Enabled by Aromatic Ditertiary Ammonium Spacer
Authors: Chen Junnian , Xiao Xingfu , Chen Yue , Li Mingkai , Fang Wenyu , Yu Zixian , He Biqi , Zhai Tianyou , He Yunbin
Published: July 2023

Perovskite hydrates have attracted extensive attention in diverse fields with intriguing optoelectronic properties, while their structural distortions usually cause large band gaps, which yield inferior light absorption and diminished optoelectronic device performance. Herein, modulating the structural distortion by steric hindrance effects is reported. Specifically, an N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyl‐1,4‐phenylenediammonium (TMPD)2+ is adopted to template regular BiBr5 chains by interacting with bismuth bromide via weakening and reorienting H‐bonds, yielding a mixed 0D/1D (TMPD)2Bi2Br10.H2O with a narrow bandgap of 1.89 eV. The 0D/1D (TMPD)2Bi2Br10.H2O can be reversibly transformed into 0D (TMPD)2Bi2Br10 (Eg = 2.55 eV) with good cycling behavior. The (TMPD)2Bi2Br10.H2O turns out to be more stable than (TMPD)2Bi2Br10, and a mechanism involving vacancy‐assisted bromide ion migration is proposed for understanding the formation of BiBr5 chains. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the (TMPD)2+ triggered hydration has a crucial impact on the downshift of the conduction band edge, thus decreasing the band gap. Moreover, the (TMPD)2Bi2Br10.H2O single crystal exhibits promising photoconductive behavior under a high moisture atmosphere, showing superiority over the conventional CH3NH3PbI3 perovskites that cannot survive moisture. This finding offers new insights into developing narrow band gap perovskite hydrates toward practical optoelectronic applications.
The Strategy to Improve the Phase Matching Ability in Tetrahedron‐Based Deep‐Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystals
Authors: Sha Hongyuan , Shang Yanran , Wang Zujian , Su Rongbing , He Chao , Yang Xiaoming , Long Xifa
Published: July 2023

Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals that can generate deep‐ultraviolet (DUV) lasers by the frequency conversion processes play an important role in many basic and frontier research fields. Tetrahedron‐based NLO crystals, which are decent DUV NLO candidates, always exhibit a large DUV transparency window. However, their insufficient birefringence often makes it difficult to satisfy the phase matching condition in the DUV or even UV region. Therefore, some strategies are put forward to improve the phase matching ability of tetrahedron‐based DUV NLO crystals. In this review, the relevant reports are summarized into four categories, including the heterozygosity of tetrahedral groups, the introduction of the planar groups, the combination of the heteroleptic tetrahedrons and the planar groups, and the recombination of polar structures with ferroelectricity. Furthermore, the development tendency of tetrahedron‐based DUV NLO crystals is also discussed. Therefore, this review will be helpful to the exploration of new DUV NLO crystals.
Generation of Mid‐Infrared Noise‐Like Pulses from a Polarization‐Maintaining Fluoride Fiber Oscillator
Authors: Yu Linpeng , Liang Jinhui , Tang Ziya , Zeng Qinghui , Wang Jinzhang , Wang Jiachen , Luo Xing , Yan Peiguang , Dong Fanlong , Liu Xing , Lue Qitao , Guo Chunyu , Ruan Shuangchen
Published: July 2023

Noise‐like pulses (NLPs) are becoming increasingly attractive for a variety of applications such as supercontinuum generation, materials processing, and low‐coherence spectral interferometry. Related research in the near‐infrared region is extensive, yet few studies have been reported in the mid‐infrared (MIR) region. Herein, a systematic investigation of MIR NLPs is made for the first time. An approach is presented by exploiting a polarization‐maintaining fluoride fiber in the mode‐locked oscillator to cause a polarization‐dependent delay between the orthogonal‐polarized components of intracavity circulating pulses, thus generating a series of ultrashort pulses which will eventually form a stable wave packet, namely, NLP. Numerical simulations based on the extended coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations predict the generation of NLPs, and reveal key aspects of the pulse evolution. Experiments yield linearly polarized NLPs at 2.8 μm with a maximum average power of 498 mW and a spike width of 4.3 ps, corresponding to a pulse energy of 12 nJ. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. This work constitutes a major step toward the development of MIR ultrafast fiber lasers with NLPs output.
Flexible Organic Polymer Gas Sensor and System Integration for Smart Packaging
Authors: Li Siying , Tang Wei , Chen Sujie , Si Yuying , Liu Ruili , Guo Xiaojun
Published: July 2023

With high demands and rapid development of consumer electronics related to the Internet of Things, various methods have been developed to incorporate different indicators or sensors into packaging for inspecting the safety and quality of food products conveniently. Smart packaging technology is an effective method of monitoring the status of packaged food, thus reducing food waste and food‐borne related illnesses. Food quality can be directly detected from volatile compounds associated with food degradation and/or gas content of the modified atmosphere packaging. Flexible gas sensors based on organic/polymer functional materials have been widely explored to detect trace amounts of gases by exploiting their electrical or mechanical properties. This review first discusses the requirements of gas sensors and system integration for smart packaging. Then, the paper reviews recent advances and strategies of flexible organic/polymer‐based gas sensors and system integration for smart packaging applications. Finally, this review summarizes the challenges and opportunities of flexible gas sensors and system integration for smart packaging applications.
Optimizing the Shape and Chemical Ordering of Nanoalloys with Specialized Walkers
Authors: Rapetti Daniele , Roncaglia Cesare , Ferrando Riccardo
Published: July 2023

New algorithms for the optimization of alloy nanoparticles (nanoalloys) are presented. The new algorithms are based on the concept of multiple basin‐hopping walkers running in parallel, each with its own specialized task—the flying walker, exploring the energy landscape at high temperatures to sample different geometric structures, and the landing and hiking walkers mainly refining the optimization of chemical ordering at low temperatures. These algorithms are referred to as flying‐landing (FL) and flying‐landing‐hiking (FLH). The algorithms are tested against several benchmarks (AuCu and AuRh clusters of 400 atoms and PtNi clusters of 38 and 55 atoms). In all cases, both FL and FLH are shown to perform very well compared to previous results in the literature. In addition, the algorithms are applied to the optimization of larger AgCu nanoparticles, with sizes up to 4000 atoms, in order to establish the behavior of the mixing energy and to compare full global optimization of shape and chemical ordering with optimization of chemical ordering alone at a fixed shape. In general, the results show that the simultaneous optimization of shape and chemical ordering is necessary in many cases, and that the FLH approach is especially efficient for that purpose.
Single‐Nucleus Transcriptome Profiling of Locally Advanced Cervical Squamous Cell Cancer Identifies Neural‐Like Progenitor Program Associated with the Efficacy of Radiotherapy
Authors: Zhang Lei , Ma Jun , Zhou Di , Zhou Junjun , Hu Bin , Ma Xiumei , Tang Jianming , Bai Yongrui , Chen Haiyan , Jing Ying
Published: July 2023

Radiotherapy is the first‐line treatment for locally advanced cervical squamous cell cancer (CSCC). However, ≈50% of patients fail to respond to therapy and, in some cases, tumors progress after radical radiotherapy. Here, single‐nucleus RNA‐seq is performed to construct high‐resolution molecular landscapes of various cell types in CSCC before and during radiotherapy, to better understand radiotherapy related molecular responses within tumor microenvironment. The results show that expression levels of a neural‐like progenitor (NRP) program in tumor cells are significantly higher after radiotherapy and these are enriched in the tumors of nonresponding patients. The enrichment of the NRP program in malignant cells from the tumors of nonresponders in an independent cohort analyzed by bulk RNA‐seq is validated. In addition, an analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset shows that NRP expression is associated with poor prognosis in CSCC patients. In vitro experiments on the CSCC cell line demonstrate that downregulation of neuregulin 1 (NRG1), a key gene from NRP program, is associated with decreased cell growth and increased sensitivity to radiation. Immunohistochemistry staining in cohort 3 validated key genes, NRG1 and immediate early response 3 from immunomodulatory program, as radiosensitivity regulators. The findings reveal that the expression of NRP in CSCC can be used to predict the efficacy of radiotherapy.
Enantiopure Dinaphtho[2,3‐b:2,3‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophenes: Reaching High Magnetoresistance Effect in OFETs
Authors: Volpi Martina , Jouclas Rémy , Liu Jie , Liu Guangfeng , Catalano Luca , McIntosh Nemo , Bardini Marco , Gatsios Christos , Modesti Federico , Turetta Nicholas , Beljonne David , Cornil Jérôme , Kennedy Alan R. , Koch Norbert , Erk Peter , Samorì Paolo , Schweicher Guillaume , Geerts Yves H.
Published: July 2023

Chiral molecules are known to behave as spin filters due to the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Chirality can be implemented in molecular semiconductors in order to study the role of the CISS effect in charge transport and to find new materials for spintronic applications. In this study, the design and synthesis of a new class of enantiopure chiral organic semiconductors based on the well‐known dinaphtho[2,3‐b:2,3‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (DNTT) core functionalized with chiral alkyl side chains is presented. When introduced in an organic field‐effect transistor (OFET) with magnetic contacts, the two enantiomers, (R)‐DNTT and (S)‐DNTT, show an opposite behavior with respect to the relative direction of the magnetization of the contacts, oriented by an external magnetic field. Each enantiomer displays an unexpectedly high magnetoresistance over one preferred orientation of the spin current injected from the magnetic contacts. The result is the first reported OFET in which the current can be switched on and off upon inversion of the direction of the applied external magnetic field. This work contributes to the general understanding of the CISS effect and opens new avenues for the introduction of organic materials in spintronic devices.
[2+2+1+1] Cycloaddition for de novo Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Phenols
Authors: Wei Wei , Cheung Ka Key , Lin Ran , Kong Lam Cheung , Chan Ka Lok , Sung Herman H. Y. , Williams Ian D. , Tong Rongbiao , Lin Zhenyang , Jia Guochen
Published: July 2023

A unique benzannulation strategy for regioselective de novo synthesis of densely functionalized phenols is described. Through metal‐mediated formal [2+2+1+1] cycloaddition of two different alkynes and two molecules of CO, a series of densely functionalized phenols were obtained. The benzannulation strategy allows efficient regioselective installation up to five different substituents on a phenol ring. The resulting phenols have a substitution pattern different from those obtained from Dötz and Danheiser benzannulations.
An Aptamer‐Functionalized DNA Circuit to Establish an Artificial Interaction between T Cells and Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Zhimin , Zhang Yue , Wu Limei , Chen Jianghuai , Xie Sitao , He Jiaxuan , Zhang Qiang , Chen Hong , Chen Fengming , Liu Yue , Zhang Yutong , Zhuo Yuting , Wen Nachuan , Qiu Liping , Tan Weihong
Published: July 2023

Nongenetic strategies that enable control over the cell‐cell interaction network would be highly desired, particularly in T cell‐based cancer immunotherapy. In this work, we developed an aptamer‐functionalized DNA circuit to modulate the interaction between T cells and cancer cells. This DNA circuit was composed of recognition‐then‐triggering and aggregation‐then‐activation modules. Upon recognizing target cancer cells, the triggering strand was released to induce aggregation of immune receptors on the T cell surface, leading to an enhancement of T cell activity for effective cancer eradication. Our results demonstrated the feasibility of this DNA circuit for promoting target cancer cell‐directed stimulation of T cells, which, consequently, enhanced their killing effect on cancer cells. This DNA circuit, as a modular strategy to modulate intercellular interactions, could lead to a new paradigm for the development of nongenetic T cell‐based immunotherapy.
Bioelectrocatalytic Synthesis: Concepts and Applications
Authors: Boucher Dylan G. , Carroll Emily , Nguyen Zachary A. , Jadhav Rohit G. , Simoska Olja , Beaver Kevin , Minteer Shelley D.
Published: July 2023

Bioelectrocatalytic synthesis is the conversion of electrical energy into value‐added products using biocatalysts. These methods merge the specificity and selectivity of biocatalysis and energy‐related electrocatalysis to address challenges in the sustainable synthesis of pharmaceuticals, commodity chemicals, fuels, feedstocks and fertilizers. However, the specialized experimental setups and domain knowledge for bioelectrocatalysis pose a significant barrier to adoption. This review introduces key concepts of bioelectrosynthetic systems. We provide a tutorial on the methods of biocatalyst utilization, the setup of bioelectrosynthetic cells, and the analytical methods for assessing bioelectrocatalysts. Key applications of bioelectrosynthesis in ammonia production and small‐molecule synthesis are outlined for both enzymatic and microbial systems. This review serves as a necessary introduction and resource for the non‐specialist interested in bioelectrosynthetic research.
Base‐Modulated 1,3‐Regio‐ and Stereoselective Carboboration of Cyclohexenes
Authors: Kong Weiyu , Bao Yang , Lu Liguo , Han Zhipeng , Zhong Yifan , Zhang Ran , Li Yuqiang , Yin Guoyin
Published: July 2023

While chain‐walking stimulates wide interest in both polymerization and organic synthesis, site‐ and stereoselective control of chain‐walking on rings is still a challenging task in the realm of organometallic catalysis. Inspired by a controllable chain‐walking on cyclohexane rings in olefin polymerization, we have developed a set of chain‐walking carboborations of cyclohexenes based on nickel catalysis. Different from the 1,4‐trans‐selectivity disclosed in polymer science, a high level of 1,3‐regio‐ and cis‐stereoselectivity is obtained in our reactions. Mechanistically, we discovery that the base affects the reduction ability of B2pin2 and different bases lead to different catalytic cycles and different regioselective products (1,2‐ Vs 1,3‐addition). This study provides a concise and modular method for the synthesis of 1,3‐disubstituted cyclohexylboron compounds. The incorporation of a readily modifiable boronate group greatly enhances the value of this method, the synthetic potential of which was highlighted by the synthesis of a series of high‐valued commercial chemicals and pharmaceutically interesting molecules.
MXene Fibers for Flexible and Wearable Electronics: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives
Authors: Li Fengchao , Zhao Shuiying , Wang Hongyan , Zhu Guang , Li Hongpeng
Published: July 2023

With the impetus of flexible electronics and micro‐nano fabrication technology, the human demand for flexible intelligent wearable devices is on an upsurge. In recent years, new functional fibers have undergone rapid development and emerged as an indispensable carrier of flexible wearable e‐textiles. However, to achieve their functional applications and durability, new functional fibers must possess good electrical and mechanical properties. As an emerging two‐dimensional material, MXenes have attracted immense attention for their high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, specific surface area, adjustable surface properties, and exceptional processability. As such, MXenes have become an ideal candidate for the primary functional component of functional fibers. This paper presents a comprehensive review of research progress on MXene‐based fibers in the construction of flexible wearable electronic textiles. Firstly, we briefly outline the preparation methods of MXenes materials. Next, we summarize the processing types of MXene‐based fibers and highlight their performance parameters. Lastly, we summarize the primary application scenarios of MXene‐based fibers and anticipate the future development of flexible wearable e‐textiles.
Photo‐generated Charge Trapping in Phase Segregated Halide Perovskites – A Comprehensive Approach towards Efficient Photo‐Rechargeable Ion Capacitors
Authors: Kumar Tanuj , Kumar Ankush , Beniwal Shivang , Kumar Ramesh , Bag Monojit
Published: July 2023

The right balance between photo‐absorption and electronic‐ionic conductivity is needed for photo‐rechargeable bifunctional devices for off‐grid energy applications. Recently halide perovskites have been utilized for photo‐rechargeable supercapacitors, but the mechanism of photo‐capacitance enhancement is not known. Herein, we have fabricated mixed halide perovskites‐based photo‐rechargeable supercapacitors in two ways and examined the energy harvesting and storage capabilities of these devices. The porous electrode prepared from the mixed halide perovskites (CH3NH3PbBr2I) shows photo‐capacitance enhancement up to 15 F/g, while the electrode prepared from the blend of CH3NH3PbBr3 and CH3NH3PbI3 (2 : 1 by molar ratio) shows the photo‐capacitance diminution up to 12 F/g. Despite higher specific capacitance (~38 F/g in dark) in blend perovskites due to increased ion diffusion, the photo‐generated charge trapping at nanoscale phase segregation is responsible for the diminution in photo‐capacitance of these bifunctional devices, while a uniform mixing of halide ions in mixed halide perovskites nanocrystals leads to increased photo‐capacitance.
Teratogenesis and the epigenetic programming of congenital defects: Why paternal exposures matter
Authors: Golding Michael C.
Published: July 2023

Until recently, clinicians and researchers did not realize paternal exposures could impact child developmental outcomes. Indeed, although there is growing recognition that sperm carry a large amount of non‐genomic information and that paternal stressors influence the health of the next generation, toxicologists are only now beginning to explore the role paternal exposures have in dysgenesis and the incidence of congenital malformations. In this commentary, I will briefly summarize the few studies describing congenital malformations resulting from preconception paternal stressors, argue for the theoretical expansion of teratogenic perspectives into the male preconception period, and discuss some of the challenges in this newly emerging branch of toxicology. I argue that we must consider gametes the same as any other malleable precursor cell type and recognize that environmentally‐induced epigenetic changes acquired during the formation of the sperm and oocyte hold equal teratogenic potential as exposures during early development. Here, I propose the term epiteratogen to reference agents acting outside of pregnancy that, through epigenetic mechanisms, induce congenital malformations. Understanding the interactions between the environment, the essential epigenetic processes intrinsic to spermatogenesis, and their cumulative influences on embryo patterning is essential to addressing a significant blind spot in the field of developmental toxicology.
State‐space prior distribution for parameter of nonhomogeneous Poisson spatiotemporal models
Authors: Morales Fidel Ernesto Castro
Published: July 2023

This article proposes a new class of nonhomogeneous Poisson spatiotemporal model. In this approach, we use a state‐space model‐based prior distribution to handle the scale and shape parameters of the Weibull intensity function. The proposed prior distribution enables the inclusion of changes in the behavior of the intensity function over time. In defining the spatial correlation function of the model, we include anisotropy via spatial deformation. We estimate the model parameters from a Bayesian perspective, employ the Markov chain Monte Carlo approach, and validate this estimation procedure through a simulation exercise. Finally, the extreme rainfall in the southern semiarid region in northeastern Brazil is analyzed using the R10mm index. The proposed model showed better fit and prediction ability than did other nonhomogeneous Poisson spatiotemporal models available in the literature. This improvement in performance is mainly due to the flexibility of the intensity function that is achieved by allowing the incorporation, in time, of the climatic characteristics of this region.
Random forest and live single‐cell metabolomics reveal metabolic profiles of human macrophages upon polarization
Authors: Tang Huaqi , Ali Ahmed , Abdelazem Eman , Ottenhoff Tom H. M. , Heeren Ron M. A. , Mashaghi Alireza
Published: July 2023

Human macrophages are innate immune cells with diverse, functionally distinct phenotypes, namely, pro‐inflammatory M1 and anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages. Both are involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes, including would healing, infection, and cancer. However, the metabolic differences between these phenotypes are largely unexplored at single‐cell resolution. To address this knowledge gap, an untargeted live single‐cell mass spectrometry‐based metabolomic profiling coupled with a machine‐learning data analysis approach was developed to investigate the metabolic profile of each phenotype at the single‐cell level. Results show that M1 and M2 macrophages have distinct metabolic profiles, with differential levels of fatty acyls, glycerophospholipids, and sterol lipids, which are important components of plasma membrane and involved in multiple biological processes. Furthermore, we could discern several putatively annotated molecules that contribute to inflammatory response of macrophages. The combination of random forest and live single‐cell metabolomics provided an in‐depth profile of the metabolome of primary human M1 and M2 macrophages at the single‐cell level for the first time, which will pave the way for future studies targeting the differentiation of other immune cells.
Sex differences in skeletal muscle fiber types: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Nuzzo James L.
Published: July 2023

Biopsies have been acquired from living men and women to determine proportions of Type I (slow‐twitch) and II (fast‐twitch) skeletal muscle fibers since the 1970s. Sex differences have been assumed but the literature has not been submitted to meta‐analysis. Here, the aim was to generate effect sizes of sex differences in muscle fiber cross‐sectional areas, distribution percentages, and area percentages. Data from 2875 men and 2452 women, who participated in 110 studies, were analyzed. Myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase histochemistry was used in 71.8% of studies to classify fibers as Type I, II, IIA, and/or IIX; immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, or sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used in 35.4% of studies to similarly classify myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform content. Most studies involved biopsies from vastus lateralis (79.1%) in healthy individuals (92.7%) between 18 and 59 years old (80.9%). Men exhibited greater cross‐sectional areas for all fiber types (g = 0.40–1.68); greater distribution percentages for Type II, MHC II, IIA, IIX fibers (g = 0.26–0.34); greater area percentages for Type II, IIA, MHC IIA, IIX fibers (g = 0.39–0.93); greater Type II/I and Type IIA/I fiber area ratios (g = 0.63, 0.94). Women exhibited greater Type I and MHC I distribution percentages (g = −0.13, −0.44); greater Type I and MHC I area percentages (g = −0.53, −0.69); greater Type I/II fiber area ratios (g = −1.24). These data, which represent the largest repository of comparative muscle fiber type data from living men and women, can inform discussions about biological sex and its impact on pathologies and sports performance (e.g., explaining sex differences in muscle strength and muscle endurance).