bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rewiring Our Psychologically Informed Physical Therapy Interventions: Triple Network Model, Immunology, Sex, and Pain Perception
Authors: Sandoval Roberto , Galantino Mary Lou
Published: January 2025

While pain remains a subjective experience and unique to the individual, biological sex is a factor influencing each person’s response to nociception and chronic pain behavioral adaptations. Indeed, advances in neuroimmunology have shed light on sex differences in coding for nociception, pain perception, and may open a window into our patients' unique life experience. Additionally, these sex differences offer another opportunity to explore tailored therapeutic interventions to minimize pain and suffering.
Stochastic Diffusive Modeling of CO₂ Emissions with Population and Energy Dynamics
Authors: Arif Muhammad Shoaib , Abodayeh Kamaleldin , Al-Khawar Hisham M. , Nawaz Yasir
Published: January 2025

Climate change, primarily driven by CO2 emissions from energy and non-energy sectors, necessitates effective mitigation strategies. This study develops a stochastic diffusive model to capture the complex dynamics of CO2 concentration, human population growth, and energy production. The objectives are to enhance the predictive accuracy of existing models by incorporating diffusion effects and stochastic variability, offering insights for sustainable environmental policies. A novel numerical scheme, an extension of the Euler-Maruyama algorithm, is proposed to solve stochastic time-dependent partial differential equations governing the model. The scheme's consistency and stability are rigorously analyzed in the mean square sense. Findings reveal that increasing emission rate coefficients in energy and non-energy sectors exacerbates CO2 levels, emphasizing the need for stringent controls. The proposed scheme demonstrates superior accuracy to the non-standard finite difference method, establishing its efficacy in modeling complex environmental processes. This research contributes a robust computational tool to improve existing predictive models, aiding decision-making for long-term ecological sustainability. By addressing uncertainties in the environmental process, the work advances the understanding of interactions between population growth, energy production, and CO2 emissions, offering a significant improvement over the traditional modeling approach. The novelty lies in integrating stochastic dynamics with diffusion to better inform CO2reduction strategies. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-012 Full Text: PDF
Unlocking Potential Score Insights of Sentimental Analysis with a Deep Learning Revolutionizes
Authors: Alzahrani Ibrahim R.
Published: January 2025

Online hate has emerged as a rapidly growing issue worldwide, often stemming from differences in opinion. It is crucial to use appropriate language and words on social media platforms, as inappropriate communication can negatively impact others. Consequently, detecting hate speech is of significant importance. While manual methods are commonly employed to identify hate and offensive content on social media, they are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to errors. Therefore, AI-based approaches are increasingly being adopted for the effective classification of hate and offensive speech. The proposed model incorporates various text preprocessing techniques, such as removing extraneous elements like URLs, emojis, and blank spaces. Following preprocessing, tokenization is applied to break down the text into smaller components or tokens. The tokenization technique utilized in this study is TF-IDF (Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency). After tokenization, the model performs the classification of hate and offensive speech using the proposed BiLSTM-based SM-CJ (Scalable Multi-Channel Joint) framework. The BiLSTM-based SM-CJ model is particularly effective in detecting hate, offensive, and neutral tweets due to its ability to capture both forward and backward contexts within a given text. Detecting hate speech requires a comprehensive understanding of the text and the identification of patterns spanning across multiple words or phrases. To achieve this, the LSTM component of the BiLSTM model is designed to capture long-term dependencies by utilizing information from earlier parts of the text. The proposed SM-CJ framework further aligns the input sequence lengths fetched from the input layer, enabling the model to focus on specific segments of the input sequence that are most relevant for hate speech detection. This approach allows the model to accurately capture derogatory language, and subtle nuances present in hate speech. Finally, the performance of the proposed framework is evaluated using various metrics, including accuracy, recall, F1-score, and precision. The results are compared with state-of-the-art approaches, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed model. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-03 Full Text: PDF
Combination Therapy Using Medicinal Plants: A Novel Approach for Skin Disease Management
Authors: Das Amit , Sarkar Ashish
Published: January 2025

Skin diseases encompass a broad spectrum, ranging from infectious and inflammatory conditions to severe neoplastic disorders. Traditional treatments, including antibiotics and corticosteroids, often present limitations such as adverse effects and resistance. Consequently, herbal remedies have emerged as safer, more sustainable alternatives. This study explores the therapeutic potential of Rubia cordifolia root extract in the management of skin diseases, focusing on its phytochemical composition, antimicrobial properties, and application in a gel formulation. The gel was evaluated for stability, spreadability, and efficacy through in vitro and clinical trials. Results demonstrated significant improvements in parameters such as pH stability, drug release, and patient-reported outcomes, including a 52.05% reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. The study highlights the synergistic effects of combining herbal and conventional therapies, emphasizing the need for further research to establish Rubia cordifolia as a viable, cost-effective treatment for skin conditions.
Goal 4 of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and India’s Education Policy: A Comparison
Authors: Awnish Murari
Published: January 2025

Education and literacy serve as crucial benchmarks for a society, significantly contributing to the socio-economic progress of an entire nation. Recognizing education as the cornerstone of human resource development, the Government of India’s New Education Policy (NEP) has undergone a consultative process. In order to adapt to the evolving needs of quality education, innovation, and research in today’s world, NEP strives to transform India into a center of knowledge by providing students with skill enhancement and advancement opportunities, including ICT and vocational training.
India has made remarkable strides in implementing the Education for All initiative. Various key programs and policies have been launched to ensure that all children between the ages of six and fourteen have access to free and compulsory education as a Fundamental Right. Initiatives like Sarva Siksha Abhiyan (SSA) and Right to Education (RTE) have played a crucial role in boosting the education system in India. While there has been a significant improvement in primary education enrollment rates nationwide, there are still challenges that need to be tackled. This paper primarily focuses on the current strategies adopted by India to align with Goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Indian context, by incorporating them into the development of the New Education Policy and its positive impact on achieving quality education, as highlighted in SDG 4. It also delves into the education achievements at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels in India, as well as the major obstacles hindering quality education and accessibility in the education sector.
La ventaja competitiva del arbitraje en la gestión proactiva de conflictos empresariales
Authors: Herrera Bernal Luis Lauro
Published: January 2025

El presente artículo aborda la importancia del arbitraje como un método eficaz para la gestión proactiva de conflictos empresariales, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. Se destaca la creciente relevancia de los Métodos Alternos de Solución de Conflictos (MASC) en el entorno empresarial actual, con el arbitraje emergiendo como una estrategia eficiente para evitar procesos judiciales prolongados y costosos. El estudio tiene por objetivo analizar mediante una recopilación documental la ventaja competitiva que ofrece el arbitraje en la resolución de disputas, tanto en el ámbito empresarial nacional como internacional. Se exploran casos específicos en el estado de Nuevo León, México, para ilustrar la implementación y eficacia del arbitraje como herramienta clave en la resolución de conflictos empresariales en la región. Se destacan los principales beneficios del arbitraje en el ámbito empresarial, como la imparcialidad en la selección de árbitros, la flexibilidad para adaptarse a las necesidades de las partes y la eficiencia en la emisión de decisiones legalmente vinculantes.
Métodos de Solución de Conflictos
Authors: Zapata María Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Los Métodos Alternativos de Solución de Conflictos (MASC) representan una oportunidad para transformar la manera en que las sociedades enfrentan y resuelven sus disputas. Con una esencia profundamente interdisciplinaria, estos mecanismos combinan conocimientos de diversas disciplinas para ofrecer soluciones imparciales, éticas y sostenibles. Su propósito no es solo resolver conflictos, sino también fortalecer el tejido social mediante la construcción de relaciones más justas, solidarias y basadas en el respeto mutuo. La innovación y la multidisciplinariedad en los MSC permiten abordar los retos complejos del mundo contemporáneo, desde disputas locales hasta controversias internacionales, integrando valores como la dignidad, la libertad y la igualdad. En un mundo caracterizado por la polarización y las tensiones estructurales, los MSC se presentan como herramientas esenciales para promover una cultura de diálogo y colaboración que trascienda las soluciones tradicionales. Este enfoque no solo busca aliviar la carga de los sistemas judiciales, sino también fomentar la reconciliación, el desarrollo social y la paz duradera. Al generar acuerdos proporcionales y efectivos, los MSC trascienden los intereses individuales para promover un bien común que beneficia a la sociedad en su conjunto. En esencia, los MSC son una invitación a repensar nuestras dinámicas de resolución de conflictos, apostando por una justicia más inclusiva, ética y transformadora.
PIONEERING COSMOPOLITAN PANORAMA OF FINANCIAL FRAUD: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Nair Arjun J , Saluja Shefali
Published: January 2025

The research aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of financial fraud scholarship from 1976 to May 2022. By examining publication trends, key contributors, and thematic developments, it seeks to shed light on the evolution and current state of financial fraud research. This study aspires to identify significant journals, authors, institutions, and collaborative networks while highlighting research gaps and emerging areas within the field. It aims at informing future study and practical applications in the area of fraud prevention and control, with actionable insights towards both researchers and practitioners alike. Bibliometric study was used to extract and to analyze peer-reviewed publications into the Scopus database on financial fraud. The data were categorized according to the year of publication, the country, the journal, and the author and the organization for one to assess trends and productivity about the field. Metrics such as citation counts, H-Index scores, frequency, and percentages were computed to assess research impact. Collaborative networks and thematic developments were mapped using co-authorship and keyword analyses. The results of the analysis show that financial fraud research publications have been constantly increasing since 1976, indicating a growing academic and practical interest in the area. The Journal of Financial Crime is the leading publication venue, which reflects its importance in the advancement of the field, with an impact score of 1.5 and an H-Index of 26 as of June 2022. However, the study identifies gaps in the literature, characterized by limited thematic ideologies and keywords, as well as sparse international collaborative networks. This lack of global research connectivity opens up opportunities for creating collaborations to address the intrinsically global nature of financial fraud. Bibliometric data also show annual growth patterns and key performance indicators, which again points to the importance of focused research on emerging fraud threats. The implications of this research are many. It gives academics a clear understanding of underexplored themes and regions in financial fraud studies and guides the direction of further inquiries. For policymakers and practitioners, the study provides a foundation for developing targeted interventions and collaborative strategies to combat fraud on a global scale. The findings further encourage journal publishers and funding bodies to focus on financial fraud research, given its profound societal and economic impacts. Furthermore, the identification of gaps in international collaboration underscores the need for multidisciplinary and transnational research initiatives to tackle financial fraud effectively. This study represents a novel contribution to the financial fraud research domain by presenting one of the few bibliometric analyses covering over four decades of scholarly work.
ATMA NIRBHAR BHARAT: AN ELABORATE STUDY INCLUDING CASES FROM NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN INDIA
Authors: Kumar Ramesh , Bindlish Mohit , Garg Rajesh
Published: January 2025

The suspension of business operations, the closure of industries, and the nationwide lockdown, which lasted for over three months during the pandemic, severely affected the flow of cash and capital in the market, creating an economic environment fraught with uncertainty. In response to this crisis, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) took proactive measures early on, employing a series of monetary policy interventions aimed at restoring liquidity and supporting financial stability. These measures included reductions in key policy rates and a range of initiatives designed to ensure that credit continued to flow to sectors that were most affected by the lockdowns, such as small businesses, agriculture, and the informal economy. Despite these efforts, it was evident that more comprehensive and targeted actions were required to mitigate the far-reaching economic repercussions of the crisis. In this context, the Government of India unveiled the Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) initiative, a broad, multi-faceted economic stimulus package aimed at reviving the economy and addressing both immediate and long-term challenges. Atmanirbhar Bharat was not just an economic strategy but a vision for strengthening India’s resilience and self-sufficiency in critical sectors. The initiative was designed to provide relief to businesses and individuals, stimulate domestic production, and reduce dependency on external markets for essential goods and services. Alongside the economic measures, the government also introduced several legal and social reforms that were intended to streamline business processes, improve the ease of doing business, and address labor and social welfare issues that were intensified during the pandemic. The aim of this study is to critically analyze the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, breaking it down into its core components and assessing its potential impact on India's liquidity situation, legal framework, and social reforms.
Development of PBL-Based Smart Apps Creator Media to Improve Science Learning Outcomes for Grade IV Elementary School Students
Authors: Rizkiah Nora , Asih Sri Sami
Published: January 2025

The use of interactive learning models and media that are not optimal in the science learning process has a negative impact on student learning outcomes. Therefore, a solution is needed to overcome these obstacles, so this study aims to develop, test the feasibility, and effectiveness of learning media in improving the learning outcomes of fourth grade students. The resulting learning media is a smart apps creator based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) about the state of matter and its transformation. The research methodology with Research and Development (RnD) using the ADDIE paradigm includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. A total of 27 fourth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Bojongsari participated in this study. The t-test showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest results with a significance level of 0.00 meaning less than 0.05. The N-gain test shows moderate criteria with a score of 0.55 on a small scale and 0.62 on a large scale. The results of the study indicate that the smart apps creator learning media based on problem-based learning on the material of the state of matter and its changes has been successfully developed and is very feasible and effective in improving the learning outcomes of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Bojongsari.
AS AÇÕES DA EQUIPE MULTIDISCIPLINAR NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA CRIANÇA COM ESPECTRO AUTISTA
Authors: Caldas Ana Carolina Lisboa
Published: January 2025

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Reduplikasi dalam Acara Catatan Demokrasi Tv One dan Manfaat pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Sekolah
Authors: Ashari Renita , Rudi Karma  , Samsuddin Samsuddin
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan reduplikasi dalam acara Catatan Demokrasi pada stasiun Tv One yaitu, bentuk-bentuk dan makna reduplikasi. Objek penelitian ini adalah reduplikasi yang terdapat dalam acara Catatan Demokrasi sementara data diperoleh menggunakan teknik simak dan catat. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan fasilitas berupa Ponsel Samsung Galaxy A13 yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk menyaksikan acara Catatan Demokrasi dan pengguanaan kartu data untuk menstranskripsikan/ mencatat data-data penelitian. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari acara Catatan Demokrasi yaitu, 1) redupliaksi seluruh sebanyak 66 data; 2) reduplikasi  sebagian sebanyak 6 data; 3) reduplikasi yang berkombinasi dengan pembubuhan afiks sebanyak 7 data; dan 4) reduplikasi dengan perubahan fonem sebanyak 2 data. Sedangkan pada aspek makna diperoleh data yaitu, (1) pengulangan yang menyatakan ‘banyak’ terdiri dari 37 data; (2) pengulangan yang menyatakan makna ‘banyak’ terdiri dari 15 data; (3) pengulangan yang  menyatakan bahwa ‘perbuatan tersebut pada bentuk dasar  dilakukan dengan enaknya, santainya, atau senangnya’ terdiri dari 3 data; (4) pengulangan yang menyatakan ‘perubahan tersebut pada bentuk dasar dilakukan berulang-ulang’ terdiri dari 8 data; (5) pengulangan yang menyatakan makna ‘tingkat yang tertinggi yang dapat di capai’ terdiri dari 1 data; (6) pengulangan yang menyatakan intensitas perasaan terdiri dari 4 data; dan  (7) pengulangan yang menyatakan makna kontekstual terdiri dari 13 data.  Dalam konteks pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, reduplikasi memiliki beberapa kaitan penting yang dapat membantu siswa memahami dan menggunakan bahasa dengan lebih efektif
Violation Of Cooperation Principles To Build Humor In Bu Gin's Tiktok And Its Relevance To Indonesian Anecdote Text Learning
Authors: Yunita Alifia Atmawati  , Yunus Sulistyono
Published: January 2025

Violations of the principle of cooperation often occur in TikTok video uploads. One of them is on the tiktok account @Bu Gin's. This research focuses on the violation of the principle of cooperation in the tiktok account @Bu Gin's and the emergence of humor which is motivated by the violation of the principle of cooperation. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method. The data in this research are fragments of conversations contained in video uploads on the TikTok account @Bu Gin's which are suspected to contain maxims that violate the principle of cooperation. The data collection method and technique in this research is by using listening and taking notes. Violations of the principles of cooperation include the maxim of quantity, maxim of quality, maxim of relevance, and maxim of implementation/method. From the data obtained, the occurrence of the maxim of quantity was most frequently found.
Analisis Folklor Menguatnya Gigi dan Sembuhnya Gigi Setelah Memakan Kelapa Bekas Bantengan
Authors: Muhammad Farhan  , Kholik Kholik , Syaifudin Zuhri
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini berfokus pada eksistensi adanya kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap mengguatnya gigi atau sembuhnya gigi setelah memakan kelapa bekas bantengan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah menguak kembali adanya kepercayaan itu di masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat Desa Ganjaran. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mengamati dan menganalisis berbagai cerita masyarakat dari mulut ke mulut tentang adanya kepercayaan menguatnya gigi atau sembuhnya gigi setelah memakan kelapa bekas bantengan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya desas-desus akan kepercayaan mengenai sembuhnya gigi dan menguatnya gigi setelah memakan kelapa bekas bantengan itu bukan isapan jempol belaka, melainkan merupakan kepercayaan yang nyata adanya dan bahkan dilestarikan oleh masyarakat setempat. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan baru dalam studi sastra dan budaya bagi para pemerhati sastra dan budaya.
Rekonstruksi Cerita Pendek Ikan Asin dan Mah Yong menjadi sebuah Naskah Sinema Pendek
Authors: Diana Rosita Dewi  , Wahyudi Siswanto  , Indra Suherjanto
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji proses rekonstruksi cerita pendek Ikan Asin dan Mah Yong karya Rifan Nazhip menjadi sebuah naskah sinema pendek dengan menggunakan teori adaptasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Proses rekonstruksi menggunakan teori adaptasi Hutcheon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat unsur cerita pendek berupa tema, alur, tokoh dan penokohan, latar, sudut pandang, dan amanat. Setelah proses adaptasi, hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan perubahan yang ditandai dengan adanya pengurangan, penambahan, dan perubahan bervariasi. Pengurangan cerita pendek dikategorikan menjadi dua, yaitu  penyederhanaan alur dan pengurangan tokoh. Penambahan dikategorikan menjadi lima, yaitu penambahan karakter atau tokoh, struktur cerita, lokasi, dialog, dan adegan. Perubahan bervariasi cerita pendek terdapat pada nama tokoh, pada cerita pendek menggunakan kata ‘Aku’ berubah menjadi Agus dalam naskah sinema pendek. Dengan demikian, rekonstruksi cerita pendek menjadi naskah sinema pendek merupakan upaya untuk memperkaya dan memperluas pengalaman artistik cerita asli dalam format yang berbeda.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA PERAMPUAN LOMBOK BARAT MELALUI PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Nurul Hadiatun  , Baiq Isti Hijriani  , Sri Sahbany  , Nurul Khatimah Ismatullah  , Detty Agustin Riscal  , Adityani Nugraha Pertiwi  , Reni Chairunnisah  , Bustanul Atfal  , Roushandy Asri Fardani
Published: January 2025

The prevalence of non-communicable diseases including high blood pressure and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) continues to increase among the public. However, awareness and understanding of the importance of checking blood pressure and blood gluocose is still low in rural areas, including in Perampuan Village in West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Therefore, increasing awareness about the importance of checking pressure and blood gluocose for village communities through outreach is relevant. This activity aims to increase the awareness of the Perampuan Village community about the importance of health checks to reduce the prevalence of hypertension and DM. Implementation of community service activities begins with identifying community needs through a preliminary survey. The planning stage includes determining objectives, outreach materials, location and time of activities. Pre-implementation activities include making outreach materials (posters) and preparing examination materials. In carrying out the core activities, blood pressure and blood glucose checks, consultations, and distribution of vitamins are carried out. This counseling and health examination can increase the awareness of the people of Perampuan Village, West Lombok Regency about blood pressure and DM.
Russian ethos: socio-cultural discourse
Authors:   federal state budget educational institution of higher education «Saint Petersburg State University of Culture», Komissarenko Svetlana S.
Published: January 2025

The paper deals with the Russian ethos in the context of socio-cultural processes typical for modern society. Article reveals the essence of the basic concept «Russian ethos» and substantiates its constituent elements. Value-normative problems of the present time ethos and its potential in the social and cultural development of Russia are disclosed.
ANALISIS HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM TERHADAP PUTUSAN BEBAS (VRIJSPRAAK ) (Studi Putusan Nomor 454/PID.B/2024/PN.SBY)
Authors: Kasmarani Yuli
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze acquittal decisions (Vrijspraak) (study decision Number 454/Pid.B/2024/PN.Sby) from the perspective of Islamic Criminal Law and answer the question of whether a judge may decide a case based on his own knowledge. Considering the large number of perpetrators of criminal acts who were acquitted by the judge because based on the results of the trial it was not legally proven and convinced the judge that the defendant had actually committed the crime. This research is normative juridical research sourced from secondary data, collected based on literature studies and then the data is processed and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the research conclude that from the perspective of Islamic criminal law, the actions of the defendant Gregorius Ronald Tanur in decision Number 454/Pid.B/2024/PN.Sby have fulfilled the elements of semi-intentional murder and the sanction is in the form of diyat (a fine that must be paid to the victim's family either in the form of camels, gold, silver, wheat, goats, and jewelry, according to the predetermined diyat levels) if the judge has doubts about imposing a diyat sentence, the judge can replace the diyat sentence with a ta'zir punishment, namely a punishment that is repressive, preventive, and educative. Judges' decisions based on their own knowledge are completely unacceptable nowadays, because many of today's judges are irresponsible.

Keyword: Islamic Criminal Law, acquittal decisions, Vrijspraak
Investigation of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Different Extracts of Muscari armeniacum
Authors: Taşkın Turgut , Avcı Esra , Rayaman Erkan , Yılmaz Beyza Nur , Aydın Saliha , Yılmaz Ayşe Mine , Emre Gizem
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of different extracts obtained by the maceration method of the aerial and bulbs of the Muscari armeniacum. Additionally, the study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extracts on the proliferation of human fibroblasts and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The antioxidant activities of petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol extracts from the aerial parts and bulbs of the Muscari armeniacum were examined by DPPH, CUPRAC and FRAP methods. The amount of total phenolic compounds contained in the extracts was determined using the FCR method. Antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar well diffusion method. The ability ethanol extracts of plant to cytotoxic activity was determined using the MTT assay. It was determined that the chloroform extract of bulbs had higher DPPH (IC50:0.056 mg/mL), FRAP (2.738 mM FeSO4/mg extract) and CUPRAC (3.640 mM trolox equivalent/mg extract) activity potential than other extracts. In addition, it was determined that the aerial parts chloroform extract showed the highest DPPH (IC50: 0.889 mg/mL), CUPRAC (1.166 mM trolox equivalent/mg extract) and FRAP (0.823 mM FeSO4/mg extract activities) antioxidant activity. It was determined that the chloroform extract obtained from bulbs contained higher amounts of phenolic contents than the aerial parts and accordingly showed the highest antioxidant activity. Aerial parts petroleum ether extract was found to have antimicrobial activity against S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. epidermidis ATCC 11228, and the ethanol extract of bulbs was found to have antimicrobial activity only against S. epidermidis ATCC 11228.
The study showed no cytotoxic potential of aerial parts and bulbs ethanol extracts at a dose of 500 µg/mL on human fibroblasts and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The fact that different parts of the plant do not show cytotoxic activity on human normal cell lines suggests that this species can be used as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.
Enginar (Cynara scolymus L.) Yetiştiriciliği Yapılan Bursa İli Kestel İlçesi Seymen Bölgesi Topraklarının Verimlilik Durumu
Authors: Ulubay Serkan , Gürel Serhat
Published: January 2025

Bursa ili Kestel ilçesi Seymen yöresindeki enginar arazilerinin verimlilik durumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 20 bahçeden iki farklı derinlikten (0-30 cm ve 30-60 cm) toplam 40 toprak örneği alınarak analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda enginar bahçelerinin genel olarak orta tekstürde ve toprak reaksiyonlarının çoğunlukla nötr olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprakların tuzsuz olduğu belirlenirken, %65'inin az kireçli, %30'unun ise orta kireçli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprakların organik madde kapsamları orta düzeydedir. Toplam azot (N) her iki derinlikte de yeterli olup, fosforun (P) %75'i birinci derinlikte, tamamı ise 30-60 cm derinlikte yeterli bulunmuştur. Potasyum (K) çoğunlukla eksik ve düşük belirlenmiştir. Kalsiyum (Ca) her iki derinlikte de toprakların çoğunda düşük bulunmuştur. Toprakların magnezyum (Mg) kapsamları iyi olup, sodyumlu değildir. Toprak örneklerinin mikro besin içerikleri değerlendirilmiş; demir (Fe) ve bakır (Cu) bakımından yeterli, çinko (Zn) bakımından eksiklik veya yetersizlik gösterilebilir. Manganez (Mn) bakımından yeterli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; organik gübre kullanımının yetersiz olduğu, incelenen topraklarda K, Ca ve Zn içeriklerinin düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tarımın mevcut yaklaşımla devam etmesi halinde bölgedeki bitkilerde beslenme sorunları yaşanacağı ve verim düşüşlerinin yaşanabileceği değerlendirilmektedir.
Çevre Vergisi Karbon Emisyonlarını Azaltmakta Mı? Panel Eşbütünleşme Analizi
Authors: Atılgan Dilek
Published: January 2025

Sera gazı emisyonlarının atmosfere salınması nedeniyle hızlı iklim değişikliği ve küresel ısınma dünya gündemine damgasını vurmuştur. Sera gazı emisyonlarının etkisinin azaltılması ile mücadelede çevre vergileri en yaygın kullanılan vergilerdir. Ancak çevre vergilerinin sera gazı emisyonları arasındaki karşılıklı bağlantısına odaklanan teorik ve ampirik kanıtlara ilişkin mevcut literatür oldukça yetersizdir. Bu çalışma G7 (Kanada, Fransa, Almanya, İtalya, Japonya, İngiltere ve ABD) ülkelerinde çevre vergisinin karbon (CO2) emisyonunu azaltmada başarılı olup olmadığını incelemektedir. 1994-2014 yıllık veri seti kapsamında çevre vergisinin CO2 emisyonu üzerindeki etkisi kişi başı gayri safi yurtiçi hâsıla (GSYH), enerji tüketimi, yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi gibi değişkenler ile emisyon üzerinde ana etkenlerin önemini araştırmaktadır. Ekonometrik analizler için eşbütünleşme ve eşbütünleşme katsayı tahminci yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, gelirin ve enerji tüketiminin CO2 emisyonları üzerindeki etkisinin pozitif ve istatiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu yönünde iken çevre vergisinin CO2 emisyonları üzerindeki etkisinin negatif ve istatistatiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu yönündedir. Buna göre ilgili ülkelerde çevre vergisi CO2 emisyonlarını azaltmada başarılı sonuçlar ortaya koymaktadır.
Şeytan Elması (Datura stramonium L.) Tohum Ekstraktlarının Bazı Bitkilerin Tohum Çimlenmesine Allelopatik Etkisi
Authors: Turan Murat , Yergin Özkan Reyyan
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmada, şeytan elması (Datura stramonium L.) tohum ekstraktlarının, tarımsal alanlarda ciddi problemlere yol açan sirken (Chenopodium album L.) ve kırmızı köklü horozibiği (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) yabancı otları ile şeker pancarı (Beta vulgaris L.)’nın tohum çimlenmesine allelopatik etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bitki Koruma Bölümü Fitopatoloji laboratuvarında 2019-2020 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada metanol ve su ekstraktları %1, 2, 4, 8 ve %16 konsantrasyonlarında Petri kaplarındaki tohumlara uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda konsantrasyon miktarı arttıkça çimlenmenin azaldığı görülmüştür. Özellikle metanol ekstraktının su ekstraktına göre daha etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Su ekstraktının uygulandığı tüm konsantrasyonlarda bitkilerde çimlenme meydana gelirken, metanol ekstraktının uygulandığı %8 ve %16’lık konsantrasyonlar sirken ve kırmızı köklü horozibiğinin çimlenmesini %100 engellediği görülmüştür. Çalışma ile özellikle tarımsal alanlarda ciddi problemlere yol açan yabancı otlara karşı alternatif bir mücadele yöntemi olarak kullanılması ve yabancı otlarla mücadelede entegre mücadeleye destekleyici bir yere sahip olacağı düşünülmektedir. Ancak çalışmanın pratiğe aktarılabilmesi için elde edilen sonuçların tarla ve sera koşullarında da yapılması gerekmektedir.
Scurtă radiografie a ultimelor discrete propuneri de modificare a Legii contenciosului administrativ adoptate de Parlamentul României la finalul anului 2022
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept a Universității din București, SUĂTEAN Irina
Published: January 2025

The article analyses the most recent amendments to the Law on Administrative Procedure which were approved by the Romanian Parliament at the end of last year and are currently challenged before the Romanian Constitutional Court ahead of their entry in force. Although apparently minor, the amendments target among the most used and relevant provisions of the Law on Administrative Procedure: art. 11 (the limitation term for filing the claim), art. 14 (the stay of the enforcement of the act) and art. 15 (the request for stay through the main claim).
Pensiile de serviciu ale magistraților. Repere și perspective
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept a Universității din București, IANCU Teodor-Radu
Published: January 2025

In the context of the public debate regarding the legislative reform in the matter of magistrates' service pensions, this material aims, on the one hand, to expose a series of relevant terminological, statistical and jurisprudential benchmarks and, on the other hand, to offer some useful perspectives for the future shaping of the status of magistrates from a financial point of view.
Corelarea standardelor de calitate și etică academică în cercetarea științifică doctorală juridică
Authors:   Universitatea Paris 1 Panteon-Sorbona - Colegiul Juridic de Studii Europene, POPESCU Corneliu-Liviu
Published: January 2025

The 4 scientific research papers (3 scientific conferences and 1 article) to be prepared and published by a doctoral student in Legal Sciences during the individual scientific research program (with a normal duration of 3 years and a maximum exceptional duration of 5 years) it must be within the theme of the doctoral thesis, otherwise the quality of the thesis may be affected, their purpose being to help the doctoral student to prepare the doctoral thesis, and not to impose to him additional research, unrelated to the topic of his thesis. The doctoral student can integrate in the doctoral thesis the results of the research or even in full the 4 scientific research papers drawn up and published during the doctoral study program, since the requirement of originality of the scientific knowledge resulting from the scientific doctorate is verified by reference to the doctoral thesis considered not isolated, but as a result of the scientific research carried out during doctoral studies. In order to comply with the prohibition of self-plagiarism, the doctoral student must: indicate in each of the 4 scientific research papers that it was drawn up within the doctoral program; cite, in the doctoral thesis, his respective scientific research papers; not to use, after obtaining the scientific title of doctor, for the purpose of pursuing a university or scientific research career, those 4 scientific research papers distinctly (in addition to the doctoral thesis). In order to respect the individuality of the doctoral thesis, as well as to avoid academic complacency or abuse, the 4 scientific research papers must have the PhD candidate as sole author, and it is all the more serious the situations in which the co-author would be the doctoral supervisor or another person having authority over the doctoral student.
Sinteza modificărilor legislative operate prin Legile nr. 200/2023, nr. 213/2023 şi nr. 214/2023 în materia Dreptului penal, Partea generală
Authors: UDROIU Mihail
Published: January 2025

"The Criminal Code underwent multiple changes in the summer of 2023. In this article, only the changes made in the field of Criminal Law, the general part which essentially concern:
1. Exclusion of the requirement of the passive subject unit in the case of continued crime regardless of the nature of the crime committed;
2. removing the possibility of suspending the execution of the prison sentence applied for the crime of manslaughter committed by a person who has also committed a traffic offense on public roads by driving the vehicle without a license or under the influence of alcohol or psychoactive substances;
3. establishing the method of applying the increased penalty in the case of multiple crimes committed both as a minor and as an adult;
4. regulating the criteria necessary to determine the amount of a days -fine in the case of crimes committed by a legal persons, including in the case where it is the subject of merger or division."
Considerații despre noul regim al posesiei ulterioare
Authors:   Facultatea de Drept a Universității din București, DIACONIȚĂ Vladimir
Published: January 2025

This article aims to present the unusual fate experienced by the institution of subsequent possession. Although the legal texts that make up its legal framework have remained formally unchanged, this legal framework has nevertheless been modified. In the first section of the study, we will present some key elements of the old regime, as well as the arguments for why the solutions of the old regime were correct. We will address the issue of the beginning of the free period, the issue of the effects of patent revalidation, and, finally, the issue of the potential content of subsequent possession. Subsequently, we will present the event that led to this atypical modification of an institution, as well as the alterations to the legal framework of subsequent possession that this event has caused.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) for PTSD & Trauma in XR Using AI Agents
Authors: Ware Alapeti , Montanez Estela
Published: January 2025

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) remains a significant mental health challenge, particularly among military veterans and individuals in underserved communities. Although Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a clinically validated therapy for treating PTSD, its application faces notable barriers, including therapist shortages, lengthy waitlists, high dropout rates, and logistical hurdles—especially for patients who cannot easily access specialized care.This research paper proposes a comprehensive solution by integrating EMDR’s eight-phase protocol with Extended Reality (XR) technology and AI-driven adaptive feedback, underpinned by the SINCLAIR framework. Through real-time biometric monitoring (e.g., eye tracking, heart rate), advanced AI reasoning models (Chain-of-Thought, Forest-of-Thought, and Trilevel Reasoning Graph) dynamically adjust therapy elements such as bilateral stimulation speed or grounding prompts. This approach maintains key EMDR principles while offering unprecedented scalability, personalization, and compliance with regulatory standards (e.g., HIPAA, FDA low-risk classification).By automating repetitive tasks and customizing stimuli to each patient’s emotional state, clinicians can serve more clients without compromising quality. Moreover, telehealth-compatible XR kits help expand access to individuals in remote or underserved areas, directly addressing current capacity and accessibility gaps. Ultimately, this integrated method aims to lower dropout rates, strengthen clinical outcomes, and provide a blueprint for large-scale adoption in both government (VA, DoD) and commercial healthcare contexts—representing a vital leap forward in trauma-focused intervention.
The "Opportunity-Based Approach" for Sustainable Development of Non-Profit Organizations: A Case Study of Japan Korfball Association
Authors: Shinohara Hajime
Published: January 2025

This study examines the effectiveness of an "opportunity-based approach" as a new solution to the challenges faced by non-profit organizations, particularly national governing bodies of minor sports, such as financial constraints and human resource shortages. Using the Japan Korfball Association (JKA), which governs korfball (a sport similar to mixed-gender basketball), as a case study, we analyzed the effects of implementing an organizational management model centered on "opportunities" such as "national team selection slots" and "tournament participation slots" rather than traditional monetary incentives. Through specific measures including a contribution map and evaluation system utilizing website integration, and a framework system that integrates competition and operations, organizational revitalization and development were achieved. As a result, improvements were seen in website content, increased number of tournaments, participation of diverse human resources, and enhanced external relationships. This study presents a sustainable development model for national governing bodies of minor sports while suggesting new possibilities for value creation in sports organization management. Furthermore, this approach has high potential for application to other fields facing similar challenges, such as non-profit organizations and startups, and is expected to have broad social impact as a new organizational management framework that does not overly rely on monetary value.
Tunneling and the Existence Equation: A Detailed Analysis
Authors: Tataru Ovidiu
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces the Existence Equation, a unified framework for understanding quantum tunneling by integrating probability density (), entropy (), and curvature () into a single measure of persistence. The framework extends traditional probabilistic interpretations of tunneling by incorporating entropy as a measure of complexity and curvature as a geometric stabilizing factor. Through analysis of a potential barrier, the study demonstrates how these components dynamically interact to ensure quantum persistence in classically forbidden regions. Testable predictions, such as the role of entropy-curvature interactions in multipartite quantum systems and ultra-cold atom experiments, are proposed. This work redefines quantum tunneling as a balance of energy, order, and structure, paving the way for theoretical and experimental advancements in quantum mechanics.
Thermodynamic Insights into Axonal Signaling: A Unified Electro-Thermal Framework
Authors: Lyoubi-Idrissi Abderrahim
Published: January 2025

Nerve impulse propagation, a cornerstone of neuronal communication, involves a complex interplay of electrical, thermal, and thermodynamic processes. While the Hodgkin-Huxley (H&H) model provides a foundational understanding of action potentials, it neglects key thermodynamic aspects such as energy dissipation and entropy production. To address this limitation, we develop a novel, thermodynamically consistent electro-thermal model of axonal conduction. This model rigorously couples the Telegrapher's equations (derived from Maxwell's equations) with a derived heat equation that explicitly incorporates entropy production. Crucially, we present two distinct approaches for handling entropy production: (1) an explicit term in the heat equation, allowing for direct analysis of thermodynamic irreversibility, and (2) embedding entropy production within the transmembrane current, ensuring thermodynamic consistency through energy conservation. Preliminary simulations suggest that thermal effects may increase propagation speed by up to 5% in unmyelinated axons and predict a nonlinear relationship between axon radius and temperature rise during action potential propagation. This modular framework, accommodating various ionic current models and levels of mechanical complexity, provides a robust platform for studying the interplay between electrical, thermal, and thermodynamic dynamics in axonal signaling. Our approach offers new insights into the energetic costs of nerve conduction and lays the foundation for investigating the role of thermodynamic factors in neuronal function and disease, such as the effects of hyperthermia on nerve conduction.
Reward Sensitivity in Patients Receiving Opioid Agonist and Antagonist Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: An Observational Study
Authors: Trøstheim Martin , Pedersen Mads Lund , Leknes Siri , Hama Lennja Majid , Roland Mathias Nikolai , Lobmaier Philipp Paul , Solli Kristin Klemmetsby , Weimand Bente M. , Tanum Lars , Eikemo Marie
Published: January 2025

Background. Disrupted reward processing is a core component in neurobiological theories of addictions, including opioid use disorder (OUD). While acute opioid agonist and antagonist administration can modulate reward behavior and experiences, it remains unclear how typical long-term OUD treatment with these medications impact patients’ sensitivity to substance-free rewards. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional study of reward sensitivity in opioid agonist- and antagonist-treated OUD patients, and healthy volunteers.Methods. Ninety-six OUD patients on extended-release naltrexone (n=45) or opioid agonists (n=51) and 50 healthy volunteers completed a probabilistic reward task (PRT) and self-report measures of anhedonia, depression, preoccupation with immediate consequences, substance craving and life satisfaction in a single session. We used signal detection analysis and drift diffusion modeling to derive behavioral reward bias measures from PRT performance. Group differences were modeled with beta and linear regression.Results. Patients reported significantly greater anhedonia (Cohen’s ds≥0.64), depression (ds≥0.53) and preoccupation with immediate consequences (ds≥0.54) than heathy volunteers, but differences between naltrexone- and opioid agonist-treated patients were non-significant (ds≤0.26). Group differences in behavioral reward bias were small and non-significant (ps=1, BF01s≥84.13). Anhedonia was significantly associated with lower life satisfaction (OR [95% CI]=1.10 [1.04, 1.17]). There were no other significant associations between reward sensitivity measures and life satisfaction or craving (ps≥0.31, BF01s≥2.58).Conclusion. These data support an association between OUD and reduced well-being irrespective of opioid agonist or antagonist treatment, highlighting patients’ need for psychosocial support and/or adjunct interventions. Major detrimental effects of naltrexone treatment on well-being seem unlikely from these and previous results.