bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Medieval Books of Durham
Authors: Gameson Richard
Published: March 2024

Le fonds de la bibliothèque médiévale de la cathédrale de Durham est le plus riche qui nous soit parvenu de toutes les institutions bénédictines d’Angleterre. Ses nombreux catalogues, rédigés entre les xi e et xv e siècles, montrent non seulement la croissance inexorable de la collection, mais aussi la pertinence de son organisation et de son exploitation à travers les âges. Les origines de la communauté de Durham remontent à celle fondée sur l’île de Lindisfarne en 635, ainsi les ouvrages les plus anciens de la collection remontent aux origines du christianisme en Northumbrie, voire au-delà avec ses manuscrits datant de la Rome du xv e siècle. Après avoir transformé la communauté de chanoines en prieuré bénédictin suite à la conquête normande, le premier évêque normand, Guillaume de Saint-Calais, le dote d’une cinquantaine de livres, pour partie réalisés en Normandie et pour partie en Angleterre. L’âge d’or de la production manuscrite à Durham se situe entre la fin du xi e et la première moitié du xii e siècle. Par la suite, comme nombre d’autres communautés religieuses, le prieuré diversifie ses approvisionnements et fait notamment venir des ouvrages du nord de la France. À la fin du xiii e siècle, Durham crée un centre d’études à Oxford, qui devient par la suite la principale source d’enrichissement de la maison-mère, en volumes neufs comme anciens, qu’ils soient édités à Oxford ou fassent l’objet de commerce international de livres, tels les ouvrages de jurisprudence italiens superbement enluminés toujours à son catalogue. Le centre d’études se constitue en faculté au xiv e siècle et devient vite un lieu d’échange fécond (et particulièrement bien documenté) avec la bibliothèque de Durham. Dès la fin du xv e siècle, les moines de la cathédrale se procurent avec enthousiasme les exemplaires nouvellement imprimés des grands textes ; ils n’en continuent pas moins d’utiliser abondamment les manuscrits anciens, comme l’indiquent les nombreuses annotations qui y figurent. L’annotateur le plus prodigue, le moine Thomas Swalwell, décède peu avant la dissolution du prieuré en décembre 1539, ce qui révèle ainsi un usage constant des premiers fonds jusqu’au début de la Réforme anglicane. La mémoire de la bibliothèque médiévale est heureusement préservée au-delà de cet épisode de l’histoire anglaise grâce à une pièce maîtresse de sa collection pour les informations qu’elle contient, éditée à la fin du xvi e siècle, The Ancient Monuments, Rites and Customs of the Monastical Church of Durham before the Suppression .
The Study of Hand-Illumination and Woodcut Illustration in Italian Incunabula, 1960s -2020: Historiography and a Memoir
Authors: Armstrong Lilian
Published: March 2024

L’auteure relate l’histoire de sa passion pour les incunables italiens enluminés à la main, et sa contribution à l’enseignement et à la recherche sur le sujet. Elle relève la rareté des études jusqu’à la fin des années 1960 et salue particulièrement celles menées par Giordana Mariani Canova et Jonathan Alexander depuis 1969. Elle présente ses travaux sur les incunables italiens et nord-européens, réalisés dans les années 1980, puis fait le tableau de l’état de la recherche. Elle décrit le rôle des bases de données électroniques, et notamment celui de l’ISTC (Incunabula Short-Title Catalogue). Depuis les années 1990, les expositions de manuscrits enluminés accordent une place croissante aux incunables enluminés à la main. Illustré par des exemples d’incunables vénitiens enluminés à la main récemment recensés, l’article contient les références bibliographiques de tous les travaux de recherche, dont les actes des colloques des années 1990 et 2000.
La recherche-intervention en CCA. Une analyse réflexive
Authors: Cappelletti Laurent , Khenniche Samia
Published: March 2024

Dans un contexte d’émergence des méthodologies de recherche de terrain en CCA, la problématique de l’article porte sur un modèle de recherche-intervention dans cette discipline. L’article vise à clarifier les principes de la recherche-intervention (son « comment ? ») et ses apports discriminants pour la création de connaissances en CCA (son « quoi ? »). À partir d’une analyse réflexive de 2 000 recherches-interventions en CCA réalisées par un laboratoire de recherche français spécialisé dans cette méthodologie depuis 1974, nous proposons un modèle de recherche-intervention en CCA. Nous appliquons ensuite ce modèle à deux études de cas contrastées pour le mettre à l’épreuve et en dégager des éléments féconds de discussion.
Autonomy and biomedical research in low-income countries
Authors: Behets Frieda
Published: March 2024

Le respect de l’autonomie de la personne est présenté dans une perspective d’éthique de la recherche qui vise à générer de nouvelles connaissances au bénéfice de la société dans un cadre global de poursuite de justice sociale. Respecter l’autonomie de la personne qui participe à une recherche exige son consentement libre et éclairé sauf dans certains cas précis. De nombreux défis contrarient le consentement libre et éclairé mais des outils peuvent aider au cours du processus. La recherche formative qualitative ou mixte peut identifier les pièges et également les pistes de solution. Quelques exemples concrets sont présentés pour illustrer l’intérêt d’effectuer de la recherche formative préalablement à la recherche biomédicale. Dans des contextes précarisés on peut promouvoir l’autonomie des professionnels de santé ainsi que l’auto-détermination des communautés locales par le renforcement des capacités de différents acteurs et structures sanitaires.
« Vouloir mourir »
Authors: Vialla François
Published: March 2024

Dans nos sociétés les frontières de la vie, du terminus a quo au terminus ad quem , sont devenues le pré-carré de la médecine. Refouler la mort, au sens propre comme au sens figuré, nous a conduit à l'hyper-médicalisation et à l'hospitalisation de la fin de vie. La médecine se trouve aujourd’hui prise au piège. Peu soucieux de nos contradictions, nous lui demandons, par des exigences paradoxales, de repousser toujours plus loin l’échéance mais aussi de l’accélérer, voire de la provoquer, lorsque la déchéance se profile.
Le développement de la dimension spirituelle après une expérience de mort imminente (EMI) : une revue de questions
Authors: Berghmann Claude
Published: March 2024

Les expériences de mort imminentes (EMI) qualifiées d’expériences exceptionnelles offrent un champ d’étude pluridisciplinaire très large depuis de nombreuses années. Elles permettent d’appréhender le rapport à la mort sous des angles nouveaux, ainsi que les processus de changement face à de telles expériences. Le domaine de la spiritualité et de la religiosité, qui devient un secteur d’étude spécifique de la psychiatrie, propose des perspectives thérapeutiques alternatives (non développées ici), permettant aux patients confrontés à la souffrance de développer des modes d’adaptation supplémentaires. Dans l’étude du lien entre EMI et spiritualité, nous mettons en avant l’hypothèse de l’accroissement de la dimension spirituelle chez des sujets ayant vécu une EMI. L’analyse de la littérature sur les causes expliquant cet accroissement, vecteur de changements comportementaux, pose la question de l’utilisation et la compréhension de la dimension spirituelle dans une optique clinique, pour mieux accompagner les patients ayant vécu ce type d’expérience.
La société des idées. Pour une synthèse entre histoire intellectuelle et sociologie des concepts
Authors: Geroulanos Stefanos , Sapiro Gisèle
Published: March 2024

L’histoire intellectuelle et la sociologie des intellectuels ont connu des développements séparés aux États-Unis et en France. Le présent article, issu d’une collaboration de plus de six ans ayant donné lieu à la publication du Routledge Handbook of the History and Sociology of Ideas , propose des articulations entre ces approches, tout en dressant un état des lieux des développements récents (et foisonnants) au sein de chacune d’elles. Cette divergence disciplinaire n’a pas lieu d’être et les approches peuvent au contraire se féconder mutuellement tant sur le plan méthodologique que théorique. L’histoire intellectuelle gagne à appréhender plus systématiquement le « contexte » d’énonciation en recourant au concept de champ, à l’analyse des trajectoires individuelles et collectives et à des méthodes quantitatives (par exemple l’analyse des réseaux de citations). Réciproquement, la sociologie des intellectuels qui avait par trop délaissé les contenus, s’enrichit des approches promues par la Begriffsgeschichte , l’épistémologie historique et l’École de Cambridge, partiellement introduites en France non seulement par les historiennes et historiens mais aussi par le programme d’histoire sociale des idées politiques qui suggérait déjà une telle synthèse et a œuvré en ce sens. La présente proposition l’élargit et intègre les apports de l’histoire intellectuelle étasunienne, en plein essor.
Une justice des « petits désordres ». Les tribunaux urbains de simple police entre Meuse et Rhin, sous le Consulat et l’Empire
Authors: Renglet Antoine
Published: March 2024

L’article propose une analyse de l’implantation, du fonctionnement et de l’activité des tribunaux de simple police dans trois villes des départements belges et rhénans annexés à l’Empire français sous le Consulat et l’Empire. Situés au bas de la hiérarchie pénale dessinée par les réformes de la décennie révolutionnaire, les tribunaux de simple police jugent sommairement les infractions aux codes pénaux et aux arrêtés de police municipaux emportant des peines ne dépassant pas trois jours de prison ou la valeur de trois journées de travail. S’y retrouve traduit une population modeste, membre toutefois de la communauté urbaine, auteure de petites infractions réprimées par les règlements de police municipale ou désireuse de poursuivre par voie de justice les auteurs d’injures et de violence légères. Au sein de ces tribunaux municipaux, les juges de paix assurent la présidence tandis qu’à partir du Consulat, les commissaires de police, ou à défaut les maires adjoints, remplissent les fonctions du ministère public.
Enregistrer pour policer. Usages du registre et travail de bureau à la Lieutenance générale de police de Paris, 1730-1760
Authors: Jacquet Marie-Elisabeth , Kérien Goulven
Published: March 2024

Actuellement conservées à la bibliothèque de l’Arsenal (BnF), les archives de la Lieutenance générale de police de Paris laissent apparaître durant les décennies 1740 et 1750 un véritable bond qualitatif des pratiques bureaucratiques de la police. L’accumulation de papiers se double en effet de la floraison d’un nouvel outil administratif, le registre, qui conduit à interroger la place des activités écrites dans les pratiques policières. Ainsi, avant même le célèbre mémoire de l’officier de la maréchaussée Guillauté en 1749, l’enregistrement s’impose comme l’instrument indispensable à la connaissance des populations parisiennes. Ce travail de bureau des policiers représente alors une dimension nouvelle et croissante de leur activité à côté de leur présence sur le terrain jusqu’alors dominante. D’abord apparu comme une nécessité dans le domaine de « la recherche des voleurs » avant le milieu du siècle, le recours aux pratiques d’enregistrement se propage ensuite plus largement dans la police dans le contexte réformateur des lieutenances de Berryer (1747-1757) et Sartine (1759-1774). Consacrant un nouveau style de police fondé sur la surveillance ciblée et l’enregistrement, il favorise à terme l’émergence d’une véritable culture policière de l’écrit. Cette évolution, forgée dans la pratique et marquée par l’empirisme et les tâtonnements, permet néanmoins à la police parisienne de devenir dans les années 1760, aux côtés de l’Armée et de la Marine, l’un des foyers d’une nouvelle culture administrative, ici au service de la régulation de l’ordre urbain dans la capitale du royaume.
Emotion Regulation, Coping Strategies, and Hazardous Drinking Among Family Caregivers of People With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
Authors: Hernandez Chilatra Jessica Andrea , Browning Wesley R. , Yildiz Mustafa , Sullivan Tami P. , Pickering Carolyn E.
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

The current study investigated hazardous drinking and alcohol use disorders among 453 family caregivers of individuals living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).

Method:

We examined the prevalence of hazardous drinking and its relationship with emotion regulation and coping strategies (problem-solving, social support, and avoidance) using data from the first wave of a longitudinal study on daily ADRD caregiving experiences. A binary logistic regression model was performed to predict the relationship between potential risk factors and hazardous drinking.

Results:

Findings revealed that 18.1% of ADRD caregivers screened positive for hazardous drinking based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption. Caregivers experiencing greater difficulties in emotion regulation and greater reliance on avoidance as a coping strategy were at higher risk of screening positive for hazardous drinking.

Conclusion:

These findings stress the importance of targeted interventions to improve emotion regulation and reduce avoidance coping in ADRD caregivers, ultimately enhancing their well-being. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17
(2), 81–90.]
Pourquoi une Généalogie de la morale ?
Authors: Salanskis Emmanuel
Published: March 2024

Redécouvrir le projet de recherche collectif, interdisciplinaire et fondamentalement ouvert que Nietzsche a présenté dans la Généalogie de la morale en 1887 constitue la visée de ce livre. Paradoxalement, la généalogie nietzschéenne a en effet été méconnue par les premiers interprètes qui en ont fait un philosophème à part entière : en particulier par Gilles Deleuze, dont le Nietzsche et la philosophie, paru en 1962, a présenté à tort la généalogie de la morale comme un concept propre à Nietzsche. Ce n’est pas ce que nous dit Nietzsche et il est essentiel de l’entendre. Car non seulement Nietzsche se reconnaît des prédécesseurs en matière de généalogie, comme l’Allemand Paul Rée et l’Anglais Herbert Spencer, mais son intervention personnelle dans ce champ consiste bien souvent à corriger des hypothèses antérieures trop « azurées ». Il faut donc lire les auteurs que Nietzsche a lus pour mesurer ses dettes, discerner ses originalités et saisir les enjeux de son travail. On mesure ainsi le sérieux philologique de son entreprise, qui en accroît à vrai dire la portée philosophique, y compris dans une perspective contemporaine.
Life-threatening Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia with Cytomegalovirus Coinfection in a Follicular Lymphoma Patient During Rituximab-based Chemotherapy
Authors: Yang Mu-Chun , Chiu Sheng-Kang , Hsiao Jong-Kai , Kao Woei-Yau
Published: March 2024

In the era of target therapy, we face the challenge of the risk of opportunistic infection in patients with B-cell lymphoma who receiving rituximab-based chemotherapy. Opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia are life-threatening diseases. However, PJP with CMV coinfection is rare. Here, we report a follicular lymphoma patient who suffered from PJP with CMV coinfection after receiving three cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone regimen and was successfully rescured after timely identification and treatment. We emphasize that physicians should be alert for the coinfection of PJP and CMV in lymphoma patients receiving rituximab-based chemotherapy and the timely recognition, and treatment that may avoid a deadly outcome.
Awardee Summary of 2023 Taiwan Oncology Society Clinical Research Award Recipient: Persistent Endeavors on Research of Digestive Cancers for Three Decades
Authors: Yeh Kun-Huei
Published: March 2024

Objective:

Digestive cancers account for five of the top ten cancer-related deaths in Taiwan. Our team has made persistent endeavors in translational research and clinical trials of digestive cancers for almost three decades.

Data Sources and Study Selection:

We enrolled relevant translational and clinical studies for digestive cancers published by our groups in the past three decades.

Results:

First, we developed a unique weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin regimen (HDFL) in 1992. HDFL exhibits satisfactory single-agent activity, minimal myelosuppression, and mild toxicity. A variety of HDFL-based doublet combinations (such as cisplatin-HDFL, oxaliplatin-HDFL, and paclitaxel-HDFL) have become cornerstone regimens for three decades for the treatment of gastric cancers, with high efficacy and manageable toxicity at our hospital. Second, we have made persistent efforts in translational research and clinical trials on early-stage gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas (MALTomas), gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, colorectal cancers (CRCs), pancreatic cancers, and immuno-oncology. Third, on behalf of the Taiwan Oncology Society, we participated in and published the Pan-Asian adapted European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for locally advanced and metastatic CRC, gastric, and esophageal cancers, and the consensus meeting on tumor-agnostic indications of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) and NTRK.

Conclusion:

In the future, our team will make persistent endeavors in research on digestive cancers for immunotherapy and precision medicine to further improve treatment outcomes.
Correlation of Cyclic Threshold Values Generated by GeneXpert Ultra MTB/RIF and Fluorescence Microscopy to Predict Mycobacterial Burden in Suspected Cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Gota B. V. Apoorva , Shenoy Vishnu Prasad , Kamath Asha
Published: March 2024

Background:

Smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli visualization is important to assess the infectivity rate in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but it has limited sensitivity; hence, it is important to find an alternative strategy. The aim of our study was to compare the fluorescence microscopy grading by Auramine O phenol staining technique of respiratory samples with the cyclic threshold (Ct) values of GeneXpert Ultra (Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin [MTB/RIF]) and assess the diagnostic efficacy of GeneXpert Ultra (MTB/RIF) compared to microscopy in suspected cases of PTB.

Methods:

The study was conducted in the Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, in Kasturba Hospital, Manipal. The study was a prospective, single-centered, cross-sectional study. Four hundred and fifty-two respiratory samples were included in the study. An optimal Ct cutoff value for ruling smear-positivity and smear-negativity and the mean Ct cutoff value were calculated. Clinical and radiological data from the requisition forms were assessed. IBM SPSS statistics software version 22 was used. The correlation between GeneXpert Ultra (MTB/RIF) Ct values and smear status was calculated by polychoric correlation. The extended McNemar’s test was used to find the association between the variables.

Results:

GeneXpert Ultra (MTB/RIF) yielded a higher positivity rate of 22.2% compared to smear microscopy 17.2%. Ct value and smear grading yielded a positive correlation (P = 0.8681; P < 0.05). GeneXpert Ultra (MTB/RIF) yielded nontuberculous mycobacteria in five undetected cases and speciated as Mycobacterium abscessus complex.

Conclusions:

Our study confirms the GeneXpert Ultra (MTB/RIF) Ct value levels as a predictor of smear positivity.
Analysis of the Outcomes of Tuberculosis Treatment and Factors Associated with Successful Treatment at the Bamenda Regional Hospital: A 10-year Retrospective Study
Authors: Chethkwo Fabrice , Tanih Nicoline F. , Nsagha Dickson S.
Published: March 2024

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health issue, impacting millions of people worldwide. This study determined the outcomes of TB treatment managed within a 10 year period at the Bamenda Regional Hospital in Cameroon.

Methods:

A retrospective study was carried out among 2428 patients diagnosed and treated for active TB infection from 2013 to 2022, at the Bamenda Regional Hospital. Data collection was done from March to April 2023 using a data extraction form. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with successful TB treatment outcomes. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 26.

Results:

Of the 2428 patients with TB, 1380 (56.8%) were cured, 739 (30.4%) completed treatment, treatment failures were recorded in 10 (0.4%) patients, and 200 (8.2%) died during or after receiving treatment. Treatment default was the outcome in 99 (4.1%). Successful treatment outcomes were reported in 2119 (87.3%). Patients within age groups 41–50 (P= 0.010), 51–60 (P= 0.041), and >60 years (P= 0.006), male (P= 0.004), and human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients (P< 0.001) had decreased odds of successful treatment outcomes.

Conclusion:

The outcomes of treatment within a 10 year period showed that the treatment success was 2.7% below the World Health Organizations target. Prioritizing vulnerable patient groups in TB management and implementing public health interventions such as financial assistance and nutritional support will go a long way in improving treatment outcomes.
Simultaneous Maxillomandibular Distraction in Hemifacial Microsomia: A Comprehensive Review and Report of Case
Authors: Natarajan Srivalli , Deshpande Gaurav , Gandevivala Adil , Patkar Nitesh
Published: March 2024

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a deformity of variable expressivity with unilateral hypoplasia of the mandible and the ear. Treatment of such poses a challenge as both soft and hard tissue deficiencies are to be addressed. The goal is to improve facial symmetry, allow functional jaw movement, obtain stable occlusion, and achieve patient satisfaction. This article discusses about the management of a patient with HFM using simultaneous maxillomandibular distraction also popularly known as the Oritz-Monasterio Molina technique.
A Study on Knowledge of Autism Spectrum Disorders among a Sample Population of Odisha
Authors: Barik Smitabh , Sharma Sumita , Pattanaik Sumitra , Patnaik Lipilekha
Published: March 2024

Background:

The number of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has increased at an alarming rate in recent years. However, ASD remains undetected in developing countries like India because of lack of knowledge regarding this issue among the common people.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess knowledge about ASD among the general population of Odisha and the factors influencing that knowledge.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 207 people of Odisha were given a self-administered questionnaire, and knowledge was assessed based on their responses. Sociodemographic characteristics were also taken into account.

Results:

In this study, the mean age of respondents was 33.20 ± 11.63 years. Female respondents were 44.5% and male respondents were 55.5%. Females had more knowledge regarding ASD as compared to males. The knowledge regarding the etiology of ASD was poor (<50%), but the clinical features were well known to majority of participants (60%). The study population had poor knowledge (<35%) regarding diagnostic techniques of ASD. Persons who came across any autistic child in their life had a significantly higher knowledge score (16.77 ± 2.63) about ASD as compared to other people who had lack of experience (11.29 ± 4.16 with P = 0.007).

Conclusion:

There is a need of improvement in creating awareness of ASD among the general public. Areas for targeted education should be identified in order to enhance the quality of life of autistic children and their families.
Prevalence of Hypodontia in North Indian Orthodontic Subjects and its Association with Other Dental Anomalies
Authors: Mittal Vasundhra , Sehgal Vikas , Arora Priyanka , Tikoo Priyanka , Vig Sonam
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

The objectives of the present study were to (a) estimate the prevalence of hypodontia in permanent dentition of the North Indian Orthodontic subjects and to compare the results of the present study with specific findings of other populations; (b) evaluate occurrence of hypodontia in relation to gender, tooth type, location and pattern of distribution in maxillary and mandibular dental arches.

Materials and Methods:

Initial Pretreatment Orthodontic records of 1063 patients in the age range of 12–30 years collected from the archives of the department and the subjects who reported to the routine outpatient department of the department for orthodontic treatment and gave their consent for collecting pre–treatment orthodontic records. The initial pretreatment records to diagnose hypodontia and other dental anomalies included (a) orthodontic study models, (b) orthopantomograms, and (c) relevant findings from patient history sheets.

Results:

Thirty-two subjects fulfilled the selection criteria thus, giving the prevalence rate of hypodontia in the North Indian Orthodontic population of 3.01% out of which 21 were females and 11 were males with most common age group of 12–15 years. Maximum number of subjects were found to have only 1 CMT more commonly in the anterior region than the posterior region of the jaw and more in mandibular arch with mandibular central incisor to be the most common type of congenitally missing permanent tooth. In majority of hypodontia subjects, the most common associated dental anomaly was retained primary tooth.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of hypodontia of this study was within the range of that reported in the literature. Prompt diagnosis of hypodontia and other anomalies at an early age can help in planning various treatment modalities with a multidisciplinary team approach to establish a functional and esthetic dentition.
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report and Review
Authors: Sonar Prasanna Ravindra , Panchbhai Aarati S.
Published: March 2024

Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a condition that affects both the primary teeth and the permanent teeth and is autosomal dominant. Opalescent teeth made of irregularly shaped and less mineralized dentin that obliterate the pulp chambers and canals characterize this localized mesodermal dysplasia, which develops in the absence of any underlying systemic illness. In this article, the clinical signs and radiological features of DI are reviewed briefly. We are presenting a case of DI Type-II (DI1) that occurred in an Indian family over two generations.
Promoting Health and Well-being of Institutionalized Destitute Females: A Study from Thar Region of India
Authors: Sharma Himani , Joshi Nitin Kumar , Jain Yogesh Kumar , Bhardwaj Pankaj
Published: March 2024

Context/Background:

Destitute females are largely neglected by society and lead a miserable life, subject to mental and physical abuse. The study was planned to assess the basic health needs of females living in a destitute home and develop a model information, education, and communication (IEC) tool kit package for the specific needs to facilitate better mental and physical well-being.

Aims/Objectives:

This study aims to develop a model IEC toolkit package for specific health needs of females living in destitute homes.

Methodology:

A multiphasic mixed-methods study was conducted at the destitute home of Jodhpur. Females living in the facility were interviewed to assess their basic health needs and an IEC model toolkit was prepared for health promotion. The toolkit was implemented and feedback was taken to refine the final model toolkit.

Results:

All 31 females were included in the study after due consent. The mean age was 31 years (standard deviation = 7.6) and majority (10; 32.3%) were literate with no formal education. Through interviews, priority health needs were derived as mental health, menstrual hygiene, and general hygiene. Interventions designed were yoga, recreation, laughter club and anger coping skills for mental health, visual aids, role plays, and posters for menstrual and general hygiene. The final model was designed specifically for literacy levels using feedback from stakeholders.

Conclusions:

The developed model was received with enthusiasm by participants and implementers. It was deemed to lessen their burden in a long run, ensuring sustainability. Such model is easily implementable and could be replicated by other destitute homes for health promotion amongst destitute females.
Detection of KRAS Mutations in Triple-negative Breast Cancers by Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Vodithala Sahitya , Bhake Arvind
Published: March 2024

Background:

Recently, it has been proven that KRAS gene mutation analysis is an additional in vitro diagnostic method for determining colorectal cancer patients who will not respond to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy. KRAS mutation status assessment may be important in other EGFR-overexpressed cancers, such as breast cancer tumors. Only 5% of breast tumors are KRAS-mutated, yet 60% of triple-negative breast tumors express EGFR, making them potential targets for EGFR inhibitors. To provide a biological foundation for assessing anti-EGFR therapy, we aimed to examine the frequency of KRAS mutations in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Materials and Methods:

Forty breast cancer cases were evaluated. These 40 cases have undergone immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 markers which exhibited a negative reaction and were ascertained as triple negative. The mutation status of KRAS was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect wild or mutant types of KRAS.

Results:

In our study, we observed that, out of the total 40 cases of TNBCs, 14 (35%) cases were of wild type and 26 (65%) cases were mutant type detected by RT-PCR.

Conclusion:

According to our study, KRAS mutations were detected in TNBCs, and EGFR inhibitors may be effective in the treatment of these tumors, which overexpress EGFR in around 65% of cases.
A Comparative Study of Serum Butyric Acid in Subjects with Tongue Cancer
Authors: Suhasini P. C. , Shetty Shilpa S. , Shetty Vijith Vittal , Bhat Vadisha , Roopashree P. G. , Kumari N. Suchetha
Published: March 2024

Aim:

The aim of the study was to study the level of butyric acid in tongue cancer subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty controls and 30 tongue cancer subjects were recruited for the study. Serum butyric acid levels were estimated using ELISA kits. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS vs 22. The Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Butyric acid levels were significantly higher in control subjects when compared to case subjects.

Conclusion:

Butyric acid could be used as a potential anticancer agent in tongue cancer treatment.
Compositional and surface changes of retrieved stainless-steel hardware and its effects on surrounding soft tissues: A prospective study
Authors: James K , Uppada Uday Kiran , Bharadwaj B , Swayampakula Himaja
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the surface, compositional, and histological changes in the overlying soft tissues of retrieved stainless-steel mini-plates and screws used for rigid internal fixation in the maxillofacial skeleton.

Materials and Method:

A prospective study was conducted comprising 60 patients who sustained maxillofacial trauma and underwent ORIF in our unit previously and who required hardware retrieval in the post-operative phase. The retrieved hardware was evaluated for surface and compositional changes with the help of a scanning electron microscope for surface roughness and corrosion changes. Energy-dispersive X-ray study was done to know the composition and metal release from the hardware. The data obtained from these results were compared with a control unused and a sterile stainless-steel mini-plate and screw. The effects of the corrosion changes of this hardware on the adjacent soft tissues were evaluated histologically to assess the cellular changes of the soft tissue cover overlying the stainless-steel mini-plates and screws.

Results:

A total of 96 stainless-steel mini-plates and 380 stainless-steel screws were retrieved from 60 patients. The control plate was smooth without any surface and corrosion defects, while the retrieved mini-plates irrespective of the reason for removal have shown surface roughness. Fe and Ni ions were found to be significantly reduced in the retrieved mini-plates. The presence of CrC in the retrieved plates indicates corrosion, which was seen only in hardware retrieved from symptomatic patients. The histological study revealed chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate with hyalinized connective tissue in all the samples irrespective of the reason for the removal of the plate.

Conclusion:

Stainless-steel mini-plates and screws act as a potent foreign body material and initiate a localized inflammatory reaction due to its corrosive products with longer duration of stay. Hence, the authors advocate the overall shift in the use of stainless-steel hardware to titanium hardware for ORIF.
Bullous erythema multiforme secondary to fluconazole intake: A unique case report managed with photobiomodulation therapy
Authors: Siqueira Juliana Mota , Palma Luiz Felipe , Campos Luana
Published: March 2024

While fluconazole use is generally considered safe and well-tolerated, there has been an increasing number of reports regarding several adverse events. Therefore, the present study aimed to present a unique case in which photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) was employed to manage bullous erythema multiforme lesions secondary to fluconazole intake. A 32-year-old female patient sought emergency dental care due to painful orofacial lesions that had developed two days after oral fluconazole use for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Given the acute clinical features, a diagnosis of bullous erythema multiforme secondary to fluconazole was established. Prednisone 20 mg was then prescribed for five days, and fluconazole intake was immediately discontinued. As the initial treatment strategies failed to show improvement in the clinical condition, three PBMT sessions were proposed every other day. Within seven days, almost complete wound healing was observed, and any pain complaints were no longer present. The resolution of orofacial lesions within a short period suggests that PBMT could be a promising tool for managing drug-induced bullous erythema multiforme. However, more studies are needed to confirm this statement.
Evidence-based effectiveness of Ozone therapy in the treatment for oral lichen planus – A systematic review
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Srivastava Adit , Sah Neha , Sah Sonam , Nair Vinayalekshmy I. N. , Das Aruna , Singh Akhilesh Kumar
Published: March 2024

Oral lichen planus is a common, chronic mucocutaneous condition of uncertain origin. Early treatment of OLP can dramatically reduce the risk of further development, which in turn reduces the risk of developing cancer. Numerous methods can be used to treat OLP. Since the significance of ozone in treating this disease is still uncertain. This systematic review was conducted based on english databases, including PUBMED, SCOPUS, Embase, Ovid, and Journal of Web up to July 2022. We used the search phrases “ozone,” “ozone in the treatment of oral lichen planus,” “oral lichen planus,” and “ozone therapy.” Finally, five papers were selected for qualitative analysis. This review included a total of five papers, four of which were clinical trials and one was a longitudinal study. All studies included the erosive form of OLP, also ozone therapy was applied to patients who did not respond to conventional treatment. Ozone showed significant therapeutic effects in terms of reduction in pain and size of the lesion. The signs and symptoms associated with OLP such as burning sensation, lesion size, and scarring all considerably improved with ozone therapy.
Odontogenic keratocysts: A retrospective histopathological study
Authors: Urs Aadithya Basavaraj , Kumar Priya , Singh Shivani , Mohanty Sujata , Chaudhary Zainab
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is an aggressive recurrent cyst with intriguing features. Various factors such as the surgical procedure are involved, and certain histological features contribute to its recurrence. We assessed the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological data of OKCs to better comprehend the true nature of this cyst.

Material and Methods:

A total of 58 lesions including four cases in association with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) were assessed. Radiographic features and histopathological features within the epithelium and capsule were assessed.

Results:

72% of cases were seen in males and 28% in females. 43% of cases were seen in the mandibular ramus, and 65% exhibited unilocular radiolucency. 95% showed true parakeratinization. Cuboidal basal cell morphology was seen in 41.3% of cases and reversal of polarity in 60%. Basal budding, rete pegs, and mitosis were also observed within the epithelium. The epithelium showed separation at the subbasal level and suprabasal levels in 55 (94.9%) cases.

Conclusion:

Features such as basal cell budding, suprabasal mitotic activity, suprabasal split, localized inflammation, subepithelial hyalinization, and satellite cysts were commonly associated with recurrent cysts. Many newer genetic and molecular hypotheses have generated path-breaking contributions to the understanding of the biology of OKC. With the guidance and help of such factors, improved post-surgery results can be anticipated.
Proliferative potential of impacted tooth lesions using Ki67 labelling index-A clinicopathological insight
Authors: Grover Himani , Islam Atiqul , Gulati Nikita , Jain Anshi
Published: March 2024

Tooth impaction is a frequent phenomenon, and the prevalence and distribution of this entity in different regions of the jaws may vary considerably. The third molars, maxillary canines, maxillary and mandibular premolars, and maxillary central incisors are the most commonly affected teeth. Impacted teeth in children and adolescents are rarely associated with pathological changes, but the prevalence of problems has been found to increase in later decades. Impacted teeth are commonly asymptomatic and not associated with any pathologic lesions for years. Proliferative potential of various odontogenic lesions were calculated using Ki-67 labeling index calculation, with the highest index of Unicystic Ameloblastoma followed by Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, Unicystic Ameloblastoma, followed by the dental follicle. Ki-67 is a marker of cell proliferation, used as an important diagnostic marker in the pathologic differentiation of various lesions. It is always better to orthodontically treat or extract asymptomatic impacted teeth to avoid or to restrict the proliferative capacity of the dental follicle. Treatment decisions about the third molar have important clinical and cost implications.
The immediate impact of mandatory helmet law on maxillo-facial trauma: A comparative study in a major trauma center, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pandey Arun , Chaturvedi Thakur P , Sharma Naresh K. , Singh Akhilesh K. , Kumar Janani A. , Mishra Nitesh
Published: March 2024

Aim:

To analyze the effect of the mandatory helmet rule in helmet usage among motorcycle riders and on facial trauma and to determine the significance of difference in the possibility of facial trauma between the helmeted and non-helmeted motorcycle riders.

Setting and Design:

A retrospective comparative study conducted in a major trauma center at Uttar Pradesh.

Material and Method:

Data for the present study was obtained from records of the Emergency Department of Trauma Center, for a period of two months before and after the implementation of The Motor Vehicles Act in UP. The study included patients with a history of non-fatal motorcycle accidents who sustained facial injuries regardless of the presence of injuries to other areas of the body during the study period. Information regarding helmet usage during the accident was also recorded. The results were compared between the pre-law period and post-law period.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Sample t-test was applied to find the level of significance.

Results:

Out of 219 injured patients, 152 (69.40%) subjects were not wearing helmets, whereas only 67 (30.59%) subjects were wearing helmets. It was observed that around 68.18% of people stated wearing helmets after law implementation with a statistical significance (P value < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Our study shows that the mandatory helmet rule with elevated penalty rates has significantly increased the usage of helmet among the motorcycle riders, and it also proves that the possibility of facial trauma is significantly higher in non-helmeted riders when compared to helmeted riders.
Limonene synergistically augments fluconazole susceptibility in clinical Candida isolates from cleft lip and palate patients
Authors: Ahmedi Saiema , Khan Imran , Ghanem Samah , Manzoor Nikhat
Published: March 2024

Background:

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients are prone to Candida infections (oral thrush) mainly due to poor oral hygiene, repetitive surgeries, and orthodontic procedures.

Aim:

This study was undertaken to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of limonene against clinical Candida isolates from CLP patients.

Materials and Methods:

The antifungal efficacy of limonene was studied alone and in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against six standards, twenty nine FLC sensitive, and three FLC resistant clinical strains using broth dilution, checkerboard microdilution, agar disk diffusion, growth curves, and spot assays.

Results:

This nontoxic monoterpene gave low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 300–375 µg/mL and 500–520 µg/mL for FLC susceptible and FLC resistant strains, respectively. It showed synergistic interaction with FLC in all clinical and standard Candida strains (fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index ≤0.5).

Conclusion:

Significant chemosensitization of FLC was observed even against resistant clinical isolates. Complete suppression of fungal growth was observed when using combinations. Negligible toxicity, easy availability, and potent antifungal properties suggest that limonene and FLC combinations in appropriate doses can make excellent antifungal mouthwashes during CLP treatment pre and post surgery. Impending in vivo studies are needed to validate the present data.
A clinic-pathological research explored the significance of ascorbic acid and iron levels in serum and saliva in premalignant disorder patients at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sachdev Rohan , Garg Kriti , Mehrotra Vishal , Shwetam Samiksha , Singh Praveen , Srivastava Akash
Published: March 2024

Context:

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), or OSMF, is a well-known, potentially premalignant condition of the oral cavity. Monitoring OSMF widespread effects necessitate interventions in at-risk individuals, ideally before the disease becomes aggressive. Ascorbic acid and iron, for instance, are significant micronutrients in the pathogenesis of OSMF.

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the significance of ascorbic acid and iron levels in serum and saliva in patients with premalignant disorder (OSMF) and to correlate variations in ascorbic acid and iron levels with histopathological grading.

Settings and Design:

The present study was conducted on 195 patients over a period of 10 months.

Subjects and Methods:

These patients were divided into two groups, Group I (n = 88, Control), Group II (n = 107, clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of OSMF). Serum and salivary ascorbic acid were analyzed by the dintrophenyl hydrazine method, whereas serum and salivary iron were analyzed by the dipyridyl method.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Paired t-test and Fisher test were used to compare between the mean and to find the level of significance P value.

Results:

The serum and salivary ascorbic acid levels consistently decreased with the progression of histopathological grading of OSMF. Serum and salivary iron levels were also decreased in OSMF patients, and it came as significant.

Conclusions:

Excess collagen synthesis during OSMF may have been promoted with ascorbic acid and iron. As a reason, serum and salivary monitoring may be significant in detecting and diagnosing OSMF early on.
Efficacy of peritonsillar infiltration with dexmedetomidine versus tramadol in comparison to placebo for pain control and sedation after tonsillectomy in pediatric patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Modir Hesameddin , Moshiri Esmail , Naghavi Faezeh
Published: March 2024

Objective:

This article aimed to assess the efficacy of peritonsillar infiltration with dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine versus tramadol-ropivacaine for pain control and sedation after tonsillectomy in pediatric patients.

Materials and Methods:

This double-blind clinical trial recruited 99 eligible children (4–8 years old) undergoing tonsillectomy and assigned to three block-randomized groups, receiving dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine (group A), tramadol-ropivacaine (group B), or placebo-ropivacaine (group C). The vital signs included blood pressure, heart rate, and SaO2 before anesthesia induction, during surgery at regular intervals until 24 h after surgery. The duration of surgery and recovery, complications, and analgesic consumption were recorded and pain scores were measured by Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) and Oucher scales as well as sedation scores by the Wilson sedation scale. Data were analyzed within SPSS 20 at a significance level of 0.05.

Results:

The lowest pain scores were measured by the CHEOPS scale in the dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine group (P < 0.05). Statistically significant difference was observed in the CHEOPS pain score between the first two groups at 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h after surgery (P < 0.01). The differences were revealed in the Oucher pain assessments among all groups from the time of recovery to four postoperative hours (P < 0.05), with the lowest in the dexmedetomidine-ropivacaine group whose sedation score was greater during recovery and 5 min after surgery (P < 0.05). Subjects in tramadol group had six cases of dizziness and nausea, while no side effects were observed in two other groups (P < 0.05). Only seven participants receiving dexmedetomidine required acetaminophen, but 29 in the tramadol group and all in the placebo group demanded to receive acetaminophen (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

The authors concluded that dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine has better performance in local infiltration for intra- and post-tonsillectomy analgesia and postoperative sedation, without any special side effects (like the placebo group), and that it hence is recommended to be used for local infiltration during tonsillectomy.