bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The species coalescent indicates possible bat and pangolin origins of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yang Jialin , Skaro Michael , Chen Jiani , Zhan Duna , Lyu Leke , Gay Skylar , Kandeil Ahmed , Ali Mohamed A. , Kayali Ghazi , Stoianova Kateryna , Ji Pensheng , Alabady Magdy , Bahl Justin , Liu Liang , Arnold Jonathan
Published: April 2023

A consensus species tree is reconstructed from 11 gene trees for human, bat, and pangolin beta coronaviruses from samples taken early in the pandemic (prior to April 1, 2020). Using coalescent theory, the shallow (short branches relative to the hosts) consensus species tree provides evidence of recent gene flow events between bat and pangolin beta coronaviruses predating the zoonotic transfer to humans. The consensus species tree was also used to reconstruct the ancestral sequence of human SARS-CoV-2, which was 2 nucleotides different from the Wuhan sequence. The time to most recent common ancestor was estimated to be Dec 8, 2019 with a bat origin. Some human, bat, and pangolin coronavirus lineages found in China are phylogenetically distinct, a rare example of a class II phylogeography pattern (Avise et al. in Ann Rev Eco Syst 18:489–422, 1987). The consensus species tree is a product of evolutionary factors, providing evidence of repeated zoonotic transfers between bat and pangolin as a reservoir for future zoonotic transfers to humans.
Dietary fatty acids differentially affect secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human THP-1 monocytes
Authors: Hung Hao-Chang , Tsai Sheng-Feng , Chou Hsuan-Wen , Tsai Ming-Jun , Hsu Pei-Ling , Kuo Yu-Min
Published: April 2023

Monocytes are a major population of circulating immune cells that play a crucial role in producing pro-inflammatory cytokines in the body. The actions of monocytes are known to be influenced by the combinations and concentrations of certain fatty acids (FAs) in blood and dietary fats. However, systemic comparisons of the effects of FAs on cytokine secretion by monocytes have not be performed. In this study, we compared how six saturated FAs (SFAs), two monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and seven polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) modulate human THP-1 monocyte secretion of TNF, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide. SFAs generally stimulated resting THP-1 cells to secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, with stearic acid being the most potent species. In contrast, MUFAs and PUFAs inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, the inhibitory potentials of MUFAs and PUFAs followed U-shaped (TNF and IL-1β) or inverted U-shaped (IL-6) dose–response curves. Among the MUFAs and PUFAs that were analyzed, docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3) exhibited the largest number of double bonds and was found to be the most potent anti-inflammatory compound. Together, our findings reveal that the chemical compositions and concentrations of dietary FAs are key factors in the intricate regulation of monocyte-mediated inflammation.
N-Heterocyclic carbenes as privileged ligands for nickel-catalysed alkene functionalisation
Authors: Lee Boon Chong , Liu Chen-Fei , Lin Leroy Qi Hao , Yap Kang Zheng , Song NingXi , Ko Charyl Hui Min , Chan Priscilla Hee , Koh Ming Joo
Published: April 2023

This review discusses the applications of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their influence on the reactivity and selectivity of Ni-catalysed alkene functionalisations.
Amelioration of walnut-derived novel peptides against d-galactose-induced cognitive impairment by modulating the gut microbiota composition
Authors: Li Tingting , Lin Like , Li Cong , Zheng Jingyi , Chen Bang , Shen Yehua , Ren Difeng
Published: April 2023

In this work, RLWPF (Arg-Leu-Trp-Pro-Phe) and VLRLF (Val-Leu-Arg-Leu-Phe) were investigated for the effects against d-galactose (d-gal) induced cognitive impairment by modulating the gut microbiota composition.
Integration of silicon chip microstructures for in-line microbial cell lysis in soft microfluidics
Authors: Nittala Pavani Vamsi Krishna , Hohreiter Allison , Rosas Linhard Emilio , Dohn Ryan , Mishra Suryakant , Konda Abhiteja , Divan Ralu , Guha Supratik , Basu Anindita
Published: April 2023

The paper presents fabrication methodologies that integrate silicon components into soft microfluidic devices to perform microbial cell lysis for biological applications.
Cellulose-based slippery covalently attached liquid surfaces for synergistic rain and solar energy harvesting
Authors: Chen Zhixiang , Lu Yi , Manica Rogerio , Lu Jianting , Shi Di , Li Jingqiao , Liu Qingxia
Published: April 2023

For solar cell-triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) integration, the design of the solid substrate for the TENG device becomes one of the challenges.
Zn2+ ion doping for structural modulation of lead-free Sn-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Jang Hyungsu , Lim Hyeong Yong , Park Chan Beom , Seo Jongdeuk , Son Jung Geon , Song Taehee , Lee Jaehwi , Shin Yun Seop , Roe Jina , Kwak Sang Kyu , Kim Dong Suk , Kim Jin Young
Published: April 2023

A facile method of Zn ion doping into Sn-based perovskite through a redox potential difference causes lattice strain relaxation, resulting in the enhancement of optoelectronic properties.
Cationic tetraphenylethylene-based AIE-active acrylonitriles: investigating the regioisomeric effect, mechanochromism, and wash-free bioimaging
Authors: Tian Xiaoyuan , Wang Hui , Cao Shixian , Liu Yunting , Meng Fanda , Zheng Xiaoyan , Niu Guangle
Published: April 2023

The regioisomeric effect on the photophysical properties and the solid-state intermolecular interactions of cationic tetraphenylethylene-based AIE-active acrylonitriles were systematically investigated.
Probing the interaction of ex situ biofilms with plasmonic metal nanoparticles using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Aljuhani Wafaa , Zhang Yingrui , Wylie Matthew P. , Xu Yikai , McCoy Colin P. , Bell Steven E. J.
Published: April 2023

Ex situ biofilm samples were used to study the interactions between SERS-enhancing Ag and Au particles and biofilm components without the complexity associated with highly structured in situ biofilms.
Ultrasensitive electrochemical sensing platform for miRNA-21 detection based on manganese dioxide-gold nanoparticle nanoconjugates coupled with hybridization chain reaction and horseradish peroxidase signal amplification
Authors: Li Mengyao , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Yuzhong
Published: April 2023

In this study, an ultrasensitive electrochemical miRNA-21 biosensor is described.
Simple and fast screening for structure-selective G-quadruplex ligands
Authors: Hashimoto Yoshiki , Imagawa Yoshiki , Nagano Kaho , Maeda Ryuichi , Nagahama Naho , Torii Takeru , Kinoshita Natsuki , Takamiya Nagisa , Kawauchi Keiko , Tatesishi-Karimata Hisae , Sugimoto Naoki , Miyoshi Daisuke
Published: April 2023

New structure-selective G-quadruplex ligands identified by a simple and fast screening system showed a structural selectivity–cytotoxicity relationship of G-quadruplex ligands.
Facile preparation of single-atom Ru catalysts via a two-dimensional interface directed synthesis technique for the NRR
Authors: Chen Yao , Xu Rui , Li Yuchao , Cai Lu , Yang Yubo , Zheng Yanxia , Zuo Cuncun , Huang Haofei , Wen Zijian , Wang Qian
Published: April 2023

The rGO/NC interface, as a protective barrier, can effectively prevent the aggregation of Ru atoms during the repreparation process and promote the NRR process.
Exploring antibiotic resistance with chemical tools
Authors: Velema Willem A.
Published: April 2023

Antibiotic resistance is an enormous problem that is accountable for over a million deaths annually, with numbers expected to significantly increase. Chemical tools can help to uncover the molecular mechanisms involved in resistance development.
Preferential CO2 adsorption by an ultra-microporous zinc-aminotriazolato-acetate MOF
Authors: Singh Piyush , Singh Himan Dev , Menon Abhijith Hari , Vaidhyanathan Ramanathan
Published: April 2023

Ultramicroporous MOFs enable tight packing of the active functional groups, directly impacting the selective guest–framework interactions.
Fabrication of a flexible porous polypyrrole film with a 3D micro-nanostructure and its electrochemical properties
Authors: Wang Jingping , Cao Jinan , Xu Youlong , An Haixia , Li Xifei
Published: April 2023

A porous polypyrrole (PPy) film with 3D micro-nanostructure was fabricated and its area specific capacitance reached 1.36 F·cm−2at a charging/discharging rate of 2 mA·cm−2. The porous PPy films show very good flexibility and cyclic stability.
Coarse-grained molecular simulation of extracellular vesicle squeezing for drug loading
Authors: Islam Khayrul , Razizadeh Meghdad , Liu Yaling
Published: April 2023

A systemic algorithm to simulate nanopore formation to predict drug loading during extracellular vesicle (EV) squeezing.
A new green-to-blue upconversion system with efficient photoredox catalytic properties
Authors: Castellanos-Soriano Jorge , Zähringer Till J. B. , Herrera-Luna Jorge C. , Jiménez M. Consuelo , Kerzig Christoph , Pérez-Ruiz Raúl
Published: April 2023

A new green-to-blue TTA system based on an asymmetric BODIPY and a perylene derived emitter was characterised by spectroscopic techniques. This couple has provided efficient photocatalytic activity in three different coupling reactions.
A new family of luminescent iridium complexes: synthesis, optical, and cytotoxic studies
Authors: Millán Gonzalo , Nieddu Mattia , López Icíar P. , Ezquerro Cintia , Berenguer Jesús R. , Larráyoz Ignacio M. , Pichel José G. , Lalinde Elena
Published: April 2023

A new family of luminescent cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes [Ir(C^N)2(N^N)]+was prepared. The most cytotoxic complex 2a-Cl locates in lysosomes but acts destroying mitochondria, while 3a-PF6 revelled its potential as photosensitiser in PDT.
Group 3 dialkyl complexes of a rigid monoanionic NNN-donor pincer ligand: synthesis, structures, unexpected reactivity with CPh3+, and hydroamination catalysis
Authors: Vasanthakumar Aathith , Gray Novan A. G. , Franko Christopher J. , Murphy Maia C. , Emslie David J. H.
Published: April 2023

A rigid new monoanionic pincer ligand was used to prepare yttrium and scandium dialkyl complexes, and reactivity with CPh3+ is described.
Effect of [Na+]/[Li+] concentration ratios in brines on lithium carbonate production through membrane electrolysis
Authors: Torres Walter R. , Zeballos Nadia C. , Flexer Victoria
Published: April 2023

Lithium carbonate is crystallized from a complex mixture of Li+, Na+and K+chlorides in a water electrolyzer where CO2is absorbed. The efficiency of the process is studied upon increasing the Na+/Li+concentration ratios.
Supercritical CO2-assisted solid-phase etching preparation of MXenes for high-efficiency alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Feng Huajian , Tian Qingyong , Huang Junhao , Cui Xinwei , Jiang Jingyun , Tian Yapeng , Ye Li , Xu Qun
Published: April 2023

A novel solid-phase etching approach to synthesize 2D titanium carbide (MXenes) using FeF3·3H2O with the assistance of supercritical CO2 has been successfully achieved, and moreover, the reaction mechanism behind it is revealed.
A unique case of polymorphism in polyiodide networks resulting from the reaction of the drug methimazole and I2
Authors: Aragoni M. Carla , Arca Massimiliano , Demartin Francesco , Garau Alessandra , Isaia Francesco , Lippolis Vito , Pivetta Tiziana
Published: April 2023

The oxidation of methimazole (C4H6N2S) by I2 in H2O yielded the ionic compound [2(C4H5N2S–SN2C4H6)]I3I5 (1) in 1-triclinic and 1-monoclinic polymorphs.
High-sensitivity silicon carbide divacancy-based temperature sensing
Authors: Luo Qin-Yue , Zhao Shuang , Hu Qi-Cheng , Quan Wei-Ke , Zhu Zi-Qi , Li Jia-Jun , Wang Jun-Feng
Published: April 2023

We developed a high sensitivity (13.4 mK Hz−1/2) silicon carbide divacancy-based thermometer using the thermal dynamical decoupling method and used it to monitor the laboratory temperature variations for 24 hours.
Development of nanoparticle bulk morphology analysis: a multidomain XRD approach
Authors: Smirnov Ilia , Kaszkur Zbigniew , Hoell Armin
Published: April 2023

The appearance of twin/stacking faults in nanoparticles creates strains affecting the catalytic, optical, and electrical properties of nanomaterials.
CNT–MXene ultralight membranes: fabrication, surface nano/microstructure, 2D–3D stacking architecture, ion-transport mechanism, and potential application as interlayers for Li–O2 batteries
Authors: Estili Mehdi , Matsuda Shoichi , Jia Lulu , Sakai Nobuyuki , Ma Renzhi , Suzuki Tohru S. , Uosaki Kohei
Published: April 2023

This study aims to control the structure of MXene macrostructures using individually dispersed MWCNTs to allow for scalability for various energy-related applications.
Gadolinium-loaded LTL nanosized zeolite for efficient oxygen delivery and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Amedlous Abdallah , Hélaine Charly , Guillet-Nicolas Rémy , Lebedev Oleg , Valable Samuel , Mintova Svetlana
Published: April 2023

The search for efficient gas carriers for biomedical applications presents a challenging task due to the kinetics of gas adsorption/desorption. This article presents a novel approach utilizing Gd-LTL zeolite crystals for oxygen delivery combined with an MRI study.
Modulating anthracene excimer through guest engineering in two-dimensional lead bromide hybrids
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Li Xianli , Li Jie , Lian Xin , Xiao Yonghong , Zeng Ruosheng , Ni Shao-Fei , Xu Ke , Kuai Yan , Ni Wen-Xiu , Luo Binbin
Published: April 2023

Through varying the carbon chain length of guests, the stacking configuration of An dimers is finely modulated, which allow a comprehensive understanding of the structure–properties relationship and excimer formation.
Molten salt synthesis of CrMnFeNi alloy nanopowder passivated by TiOx–ZrOy shell used as a superior catalyst support in liquid-phase hydrogenation
Authors: Kobayashi Yasukazu , Yokoyama Shota , Shoji Ryo
Published: April 2023

The enhancement of liquid-phase hydrogenation by NaBH4 over Ni-loaded CrMnFeNi alloy nanoparticles passivated by TiOx–ZrOy.
Correction: Polymers as advanced antibacterial and antibiofilm agents for direct and combination therapies
Authors: Si Zhangyong , Zhong Wenbin , Prananty Dicky , Li Jianghua , Koh Chong Hui , Kang En-Tang , Pethe Kevin , Chan-Park Mary B.
Published: April 2023

Correction for ‘Polymers as advanced antibacterial and antibiofilm agents for direct and combination therapies’ by Zhangyong Si et al., Chem. Sci., 2022, 13, 345–364, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1SC05835E.
Highly modular hepatitis B virus-like nanocarriers for therapeutic protein encapsulation and targeted delivery to triple negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Yur Daniel , Sullivan Millicent O. , Chen Wilfred
Published: April 2023

A modular hepatitis B virus-like particle delivery platform enables enhanced uptake and toxicity in cancer cells.
Tuning the 1D–2D dimensionality upon ligand exchange in silver thiolate coordination polymers with photoemission switching
Authors: Hawila Saly , Massuyeau Florian , Gautier Romain , Fateeva Alexandra , Lebègue Sébastien , Kim Won June , Ledoux Gilles , Mesbah Adel , Demessence Aude
Published: April 2023

Thiol-ligand exchange to form either 1D luminescent or 2D non-emissive Ag(i)-based coordination polymers.
Enabling triferroics coupling in breathing kagome lattice Nb3X8 (X = Cl, Br, I) monolayers
Authors: Feng Yulin , Yang Qing
Published: April 2023

2D intrinsic multiferroics in breathing kagome lattice Nb3X8.
Depth‐aware lightweight network for RGB‐D salient object detection
Authors: Ling Liuyi , Wang Yiwen , Wang Chengjun , Xu Shanyong , Huang Yourui
Published: April 2023

RGB‐D salient object detection (SOD) is to detect salient objects from one RGB image and its depth data. Although related networks have achieved appreciable performance, they are not ideal for mobile devices since they are cumbersome and time‐consuming. The existing lightweight networks for RGB‐D SOD use depth information as additional input, and integrate depth information with colour image, which achieve impressive performance. However, the quality of depth information is uneven and the acquisition cost is high. To solve this issue, depth‐aware strategy is first combined to propose a lightweight SOD model, Depth‐Aware Lightweight network (DAL), using only RGB maps as input, which is applied to mobile devices. The DAL's framework is composed of multi‐level feature extraction branch, specially designed channel fusion module (CF) to perceive the depth information, and multi‐modal fusion module (MMF) to fuse the information of multi‐modal feature maps. The proposed DAL is evaluated on five datasets and it is compared with 14 models. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed DAL outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art lightweight networks. The proposed DAL has only 5.6 M parameters and inference speed of 39 ms. Compared with the best‐performing lightweight method, the proposed DAL has fewer parameters, faster inference speed, and higher accuracy.
Improved SwinTrack single target tracking algorithm based on spatio‐temporal feature fusion
Authors: Zhao Min , Yue Qiang , Sun Dihua , Zhong Yuan
Published: April 2023

Single target tracking based on computer vision helps to collect, analyse and exploit target information. The SwinTrack algorithm has received widespread attention as one of the twin network algorithms with the best trade‐off between tracking accuracy and speed, but it also suffers from the insufficient fusion of deep and shallow features leading to loss of shallow information and insufficient use of temporal information leading to inconsistency between target and template. Semantic information and detailed information are combined and multiple convolutional forms are introduced to propose a multi‐level feature fusion strategy to effectively fuse features in space. Besides, based on the idea of feedback, a dynamic template branching approach is also designed to fuse temporal features and enhance the representation of target features. The effectiveness of this method was verified on the OTB100 and GOT10K datasets.
Model for the cooperative obstacle‐avoidance of the automated vehicle swarm in a connected vehicles environment
Authors: Zhai Donghai , Yang Da , Chen Jing , Luo Ziqi , Yu Mengsi , Zhou Zihan
Published: April 2023

The obstacle‐avoidance problem of automated vehicles is a hot topic in the community of autonomous driving. The majority of the existing studies focused on the obstacle‐avoidance of a single automated vehicle. The connected vehicles technology provides the possibility of controlling a vehicle swarm to avoid the obstacle cooperatively. Through cooperation, the vehicle swarm not only can avoid an obstacle safely but also can minimize traffic delays. Therefore, this paper proposes a cooperative obstacle‐avoidance model for the automated vehicle swarm driving on the freeway based on the A2C reinforcement learning. The proposed model considers the efficiencies of both the individual and swarm in the learning, and a cooperative lane‐changing execution model is proposed to ensure that the optimal decision made by the A2C algorithm can be performed by the vehicles. Furthermore, simulations are conducted to verify the proposed model. The results indicate that the proposed model can significantly improve the overall traffic efficiency compared with the existing models. In a congested state, when the proposed model is applied to control vehicles, an optimal control range can be found (i.e. 700 m here), and within this optimal range, the traffic efficiency increases with the increment of the number of the vehicles controlled by the proposed model.
Optimal planning of a micro‐grid containing tidal barrage equipped to the hydro‐pumps
Authors: Negahdari Mohammad Reza , Ghaedi Amir , Nafar Mehdi , Simab Mohsen
Published: April 2023

Due to the advantages of micro‐grids including power losses and voltage drops reduction, reliability improvement and reduction in transmission network cost, numerous clean micro‐grids including renewable resources such as wind, tidal and solar are developed in different countries of world. The investment cost of the renewable energy‐based generation units especially tidal barrages is high, and to generate the cost‐effective electricity from the renewable resources, the optimization process should be performed. In this paper, optimal planning of a micro‐grid containing energy storage device and new mixture of renewable resources including tidal barrage and photovoltaic system is performed. For this purpose, optimal characteristics of barrage type tidal plant including number of turbines, sluices and hydro‐pumps, turbine tip and hub diameters and sluice width are determined to maximum energy of tidal plant is generated. Then, number of photovoltaic systems and batteries are obtained to supply the required load in minimum cost. To optimize the objective functions, different heuristic approaches including particle swarm, genetic and imperial competitive algorithms (ICAs) are applied, in the paper. To study the effectiveness of the proposed approach, optimal planning of a micro‐grid is performed. It is deduced from the numerical results that the particle swarm method has performed best in determining the optimal solution.
Detection of open cluster rotation fields fromGaiaEDR3 proper motions
Authors: Guilherme-Garcia P. , Krone-Martins A. , Moitinho A.
Published: April 2023

Context.Most stars from in groups which with time disperse, building the field population of their host galaxy. In the Milky Way, open clusters have been continuously forming in the disk up to the present time, providing it with stars spanning a broad range of ages and masses. Observations of the details of cluster dissolution are, however, scarce. One of the main difficulties is obtaining a detailed characterisation of the internal cluster kinematics, which requires very high-quality proper motions. For open clusters, which are typically loose groups with tens to hundreds of members, there is the additional difficulty of inferring kinematic structures from sparse and irregular distributions of stars.

Aims.Here, we aim to analyse internal stellar kinematics of open clusters, and identify rotation, expansion, or contraction patterns.

Methods.We useGaiaEarly Data Release 3 (EDR3) astrometry and integrated nested Laplace approximations to perform vector-field inference and create spatio-kinematic maps of 1237 open clusters. The sample is composed of clusters for which individual stellar memberships were already known, thus minimising contamination from field stars in the velocity maps. Projection effects were corrected using EDR3 data complemented with radial velocities fromGaiaData Release 2 and other surveys.

Results.We report the detection of rotation patterns in eight open clusters. Nine additional clusters display possible rotation signs. We also observe 14 expanding clusters, with 15 other objects showing possible expansion patterns. Contraction is evident in two clusters, with one additional cluster presenting a more uncertain detection. In total, 53 clusters are found to display kinematic structures. Within these, elongated spatial distributions suggesting tidal tails are found in five clusters. These results indicate that the approach developed here can recover kinematic patterns from noisy vector fields, as those from astrometric measurements of open clusters or other stellar or galactic populations, thus offering a powerful probe for exploring the internal kinematics and dynamics of these types of objects.
Site-specific attachment of Anodonta anatina (Bivalvia: Unionidae) glochidia on two new fish hosts translocated in Lake Trasimeno (Italy)
Authors: Ahnelt Harald , Leister Tobias , Kruckenhauser Luise , Duda Michael , Carosi Antonella , Lorenzoni Massimo
Published: April 2023

To complete their life cycle, freshwater mussels of the order Unionida depend on fishes as hosts for their obligatory parasitic larval phase, the glochidium. Here we report the first documentation of gobioid fishes as hosts of glochidia of unionid mussels in the wild in Italy and in southern Europe (outside of the Danube drainage area). We also examined the pattern of the attached glochidia. A recent review reported 326 fish species as suitable hosts for unionids, but only eight (2.5%) of these were Gobioidei. Host identification and the documentation of their benefits or threats for the interaction of the mussels with their hosts is important for conservation of freshwater mussels. But the co-existence of mussels with non-native fish species is only poorly understood, including the compatibility of these two groups. Knipowitschia panizzae and Pomatoschistus canestrinii, two translocated sand gobies, were sampled in 2022 at the east shore of Lake Trasimeno (Italy). Two species of anodontine mussels were present at this locality, the native Anodonta anatina and the translocated Sinanodonta woodiana. Genetic data revealed that both sand gobies hosted glochidia only of A. anatina but not of S. woodiana, possibly because of seasonal bias. About 50% of the specimens of both fish species were infested. The paired fins were the most prominent targets. The examined individuals of both sand gobies carried only few glochidia (max. 5). Nevertheless, the two species showed a divergent pattern of glochidia attachment.
Product feature extraction from Chinese online reviews: application to product improvement
Authors: Shi Lili , Lin Jun , Liu Guoquan
Published: April 2023

Online product reviews are valuable resources to collect customer preferences for product improvement. To retrieve consumer preferences, it is important to automatically extract product features from online reviews. However, product feature extraction from Chinese online reviews is challenging due to the particularity of the Chinese language. This research focuses on how to accurately extract and prioritize product features and how to establish product improvement strategies based on the extracted product features. First, an ensemble deep learning based model (EDLM) is proposed to extract and classify product features from Chinese online reviews. Second, conjoint analysis is conducted to calculate the corresponding weight of each product feature and a weight-based Kano model (WKM) is proposed to classify and prioritize product features. Various comparative experiments show that the EDLM model achieves impressive results in product feature extraction and outperforms existing state-of-the-art models used for Chinese online reviews. Moreover, this study can help product managers select the product features that have significant impact on enhancing customer satisfaction and improve products accordingly.
CCND1-Induced Autophagy Contributes to Lymph Node Metastasis in
Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Su Yi , Zhou Haonan , Ma Zhao , Liu Jing , Li Chen
Published: April 2023

Endometrial cancer with lymph node metastasis shows poor prognosis, while the
biomarker to predict the metastasis is lacking. The relative mRNA or protein
expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and autophagy-related molecules were detected in
real-time PCR and Western blot. Correlation analysis was applied to identify any
significant patterns, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was performed
to assess the prediction value. CCND1 vector was transfected in Ishikawa (ISK)
cells, and the relative expression of autophagy-related molecules was detected
with Western blot. CCND1 was overexpressed in endometrial cancer and correlated
with lymph node metastasis. ROC analysis found that CCND1 had a predictive value
to discriminate tumors from normal tissues (cut off=1.455; sensitivity,
71%; specificity, 84%; area under curve (AUC) 0.82;
p<0.001) and had a predictive value to indicate metastasis (cut
off=1.871; sensitivity, 54.17%; specificity, 75%; AUC
0.674; p=0.003). Increased BECLIN1 (r=0.39, p<0.001) and
ATG5 (r=0.41, p<0.001) expression were positively correlated to
CCND1. On the other hand, the relative protein expression of CCND1, BECLIN1,
ATG5, ATG7, and LC3 I/II were also increased in tumor tissues. CCND1
overexpressed ISK cells showed upregulated BECLIN1, ATG5, ATG7, and LC3
I/II expression. CCND1 promoted autophagy may contribute to lymph node
metastasis in endometrial cancer.
Combined Training Improves Executive Functions Without Changing
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels of Middle-Aged and Older Adults with
Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Silveira-Rodrigues João Gabriel , Gardênia de Holanda Marinho Nogueira Nathálya , Faria Larissa Oliveira , Pereira Daniele Sirineu , Soares Danusa Dias
Published: April 2023

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) provokes executive function and
long-term memory decrements, and aerobic plus resistance training (combined
training) may alleviate this T2DM-related cognitive impairment. Brain-derived
neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels have been found to be related to cognitive
performance.

Aim To analyze the effects of 8-week combined training on executive
functions and circulating BDNF levels of subjects with T2DM and verify the
association between BDNF levels and combined training-induced changes in
executive functions and long-term memory.

Methods Thirty-five (63±8 years old) subjects of both sexes were
allocated to combined training (n=17, thrice weekly for 8
weeks) or the control group (n=18). Executive functions
(evaluated through Trail making test, Stroop color task, and Digit Span),
long-term memory (evaluated through the Taylor Complex Figure Test simplified),
and plasma samples were compared pre- and post-intervention.

Results Combined training improved executive function z-score compared to
control (d=1.31). Otherwise, BDNF levels were not statistically
altered (combined training group: 179±88 pg/mL
vs. 148±108 pg/mL; control group:
163±71 pg/mL vs.
141±84 pg/mL, p>0.05). However,
pre-training BDNF levels explained 50.4% of the longitudinal
improvements in composite executive function z-score (r=0.71,
p<0.01), 33.6% of inhibitory control
(r=0.58; p=0.02), and 31.4% of
cognitive flexibility (r=0.56, p=0.04) in the
combined training group.

Conclusion Combined training improved executive functions independently of
alterations in resting BDNF levels after 8 weeks. Furthermore, pre-training BDNF
levels explained one-half of the variance in combined training-induced
improvements in executive functions.
Synthesis of Dibenzo[f,h]quinolines by Stepwise C–H Arylation of 2-Phenylpyridine and Reductive Cyclodehydrogenation
Authors: Zhong Yu-Wu , He Yan-Qin , Li Zhong-Qiu
Published: April 2023

A synthetic approach to dibenzo[f,h]quinolines and their derivatives via stepwise ruthenium-catalyzed C–H arylation and potassium-mediated reductive cyclodehydrogenation from 2-phenylpyridine and aryl bromides, is presented. One dibenzo[f,h]quinoline derivative is used as a bidentate ligand to prepare a cyclometalated ruthenium complex. Two dibenzo[f,h]quinoline compounds and the ruthenium complex were characterized by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis.
Palladium/Azaphos-Catalyzed Asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling
Authors: Yang Zhiping , Wang Jun , Jiang Yanxin , Cheng Kwai Wun , Zhang Haoyang
Published: April 2023

A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling is described with a unique monophosphine ligand, Azaphos. This method provides a new ligand framework that could be used in asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions to prepare the axially chiral compounds.
Phosphine-Mediated [3+2] Cyclization for the Synthesis of Coumarin-Based CF3-Containing Furanones
Authors: Gan Wenhao , Fu Junfeng , Wang Yongjiang , Han Xiaoyu , Zhou Zhixiang , Cao Sheng , Zhang Zhipeng
Published: April 2023

A tertiary phosphine-mediated [3+2] cyclization reaction of ynones with fluorinated coumarin derivatives has been developed to give a series of coumarin-based CF3-containing furanones in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions. Preliminary investigation into their antitumor activities is also presented.
Community Engagement in Research and Design of a Transgender Health Information Resource
Authors: Morse Brad , Allen Marvyn , Schilling Lisa M. , Soares Andrey , DeSanto Kristen , Holliman Brooke Dorsey , Lee Rita S. , Kwan Bethany M.
Published: April 2023

Background Access to credible and relevant health care information is an unmet need for the transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) community. This paper describes the community engagement methods and resulting community priorities as part of a codesign process for the development of a Transgender Health Information Resource (TGHIR) application.

Methods A lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer advocacy organization and an academic health sciences team partnered to establish a community advisory board (CAB) of TGD individuals, parents of TGD individuals, and clinicians with expertise in transgender health to inform the project. The analytic-deliberative model and group facilitation strategies based on Liberating Structures guided procedures. Affinity grouping was used to synthesize insights from CAB meeting notes regarding roles and perspectives on the design of the TGHIR application. We used the Patient Engagement in Research Scale (PEIRS) to evaluate CAB members' experience with the project.

Results The CAB emphasized the importance of designing the application with and for the TGD community, including prioritizing intersectionality and diversity. CAB engagement processes benefited from setting clear expectations, staying focused on goals, synchronous and asynchronous work, and appreciating CAB member expertise. TGHIR application scope and priorities included a single source to access relevant, credible health information, the ability to use the app discreetly, and preserving privacy (i.e., safe use). An out-of-scope CAB need was the ability to identify both culturally and clinically competent TGD health care providers. PEIRS results showed CAB members experienced moderate to high levels of meaningful engagement (M[standard deviation] = 84.7[12] out of 100).

Conclusion A CAB model was useful for informing TGHIR application priority features. In-person and virtual methods were useful for engagement. The CAB continues to be engaged in application development, dissemination, and evaluation. The TGHIR application may complement, but will not replace, the need for both culturally and clinically competent health care for TGD people.
Five Years Follow-up of Opsoclonus–Myoclonus–Ataxia Syndrome-Associated Neurogenic Tumors in Children
Authors: Aktekin Elif Habibe , Gezer Hasan Özkan , Yazıcı Nalan , Erol İlknur , Erbay Ayşe , Sarıalioğlu Faik
Published: April 2023

Aim Opsoclonus–myoclonus–ataxia syndrome (OMAS) is a rare autoimmune disorder. Approximately half of the cases are associated with neuroblastoma in children. This study's aim is to review management of our cases with OMAS-associated neuroblastoma for treatment approach as well as long-term follow-up.

Methods Age at onset of symptoms and tumor diagnosis, tumor location, histopathology, stage, chemotherapy, OMAS protocol, surgery, and follow-up period were evaluated retrospectively in six patients between 2007 and 2022.

Results Mean age of onset of OMAS findings was 13.5 months and mean age at tumor diagnosis was 15.1 months. Tumor was located at thorax in three patients and surrenal in others. Four patients underwent primary surgery. Histopathological diagnosis was ganglioneuroblastoma in three, neuroblastoma in two, and undifferentiated neuroblastoma in one. One patient was considered as stage 1 and rest of them as stage 2. Chemotherapy was provided in five cases. The OMAS protocol was applied to five patients. Our protocol is intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) 1 g/kg/d for 2 consecutive days once a month and dexamethasone for 5 days (20 mg/m2/d for 1–2 days, 10 mg/m2/d for 3–4 days, and 5 mg/m2/d for the fifth day) once a month, alternatively by 2-week intervals. Patients were followed up for a mean of 8.1 years. Neuropsychiatric sequelae were detected in two patients.

Conclusion In tumor-related cases, alternating use of corticosteroid and IVIG for suppression of autoimmunity as the OMAS protocol, total excision of the tumor as soon as possible, and chemotherapeutics in selected patients seem to be related to resolution of acute problems, long-term sequelae, and severity.
The hard and complex work of implementing new multi-agency risk assessment approaches to policing domestic abuse
Authors: Davies Pamela , Barlow Charlotte , Fish Rebecca
Published: April 2023

In the period since multi-agency working became the dominant approach to tackling domestic abuse, there has been ongoing development and innovation. However, little is known about what tends to enhance or inhibit the roll-out of such initiatives. This article examines the process of building an enhanced flagship multi-agency model for policing domestic abuse. We report on results from semi-structured interviews, observations of meetings and an online survey with stakeholders who were involved in the development of the principles underlying a new multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC) process. The participants representatives from policing, third sector, health, and probation organisation-described positive benefits of the process, whilst challenges coalesced around the focus on and engagement of perpetrators, and the problem of assessing the dynamics of risk.
Regional powers and the politics of scale
Authors: Prys-Hansen Miriam , Burilkov Alexandr , Kolmaš Michal
Published: April 2023

This article discusses the usefulness of studying regional powers through a ‘politics-of-scale’ lens. We argue that this approach, borrowed from political geography, helps to better understand whether and how actors navigate the complex landscape of ‘scales’ in international politics. The combination of regional powers literature with political geography allows us to grasp the unexplored nuances of how power behaviour transcends regional and global levels and what actors (beyond the state) and processes constitute it. We test the empirical applicability of ‘politics-of-scale’ with the help of two country studies within the field of environmental politics: Japan, whose regional power status has been contested, but has used cooperation in the field of environment to establish itself as a regional leader within different spaces of its neighbourhood and Australia, which has reconstructed its climate regionalism in order support domestic politics and related to important domestic interest groups.
Arithmetic phase transitions for mosaic Maryland model
Authors: He Jiawei , Xia Xu
Published: April 2023

We give a precise description of spectral types of the mosaic Maryland model with any irrational frequency, which provides a quasi-periodic unbounded model with non-monotone potential having arithmetic phase transition.
Fabrication of ultrashort sub-meter-radius x-ray mirrors using dynamic stencil deposition with figure correction
Authors: Shimamura Takenori , Takeo Yoko , Kimura Takashi , Perrin François , Vivo Amparo , Senba Yasunori , Kishimoto Hikaru , Ohashi Haruhiko , Mimura Hidekazu
Published: April 2023

This paper presents nanometer-scale production and metrology methods for elliptic-cylindrical x-ray mirrors with an unprecedentedly small tangential radius of curvature of 160 mm. Sub-millimeter-scale figure correction is conducted based on dynamic stencil deposition. The deposition flux through one or two shadow masks is examined by a comparison to a simple model. The masked deposition flux distribution is improved, leading to film thickness profiles that are 50 times sharper in terms of aspect ratio than those obtained using existing differential deposition approaches. Surface roughness deterioration is also effectively suppressed. A 2-mm-long 160-mm-radius mirror is produced with a width of 10 mm and measured using simple interferometry. The results are confirmed by conventional mirror metrology, contact profilometry, and x-ray ptychography. The x-ray focusing profile is diffraction-limited with a 142-nm focus size at a photon energy of 300 eV. The proposed methods have the potential to enhance the ultraprecise fabrication of highly curved mirrors, thus benefiting nanoscale photon-hungry x-ray techniques.
In situ investigation of ion irradiation-induced amorphization of (Ge2Sb2Te5)1−xCx [0 ≤ x ≤ 0.12]
Authors: Lang Eric , Clark Trevor , Schoell Ryan , Hattar Khalid , Adams David P.
Published: April 2023

Chalcogenide thin films that undergo reversible phase changes show promise for use in next-generation nanophotonics, microelectronics, and other emerging technologies. One of the many studied compounds, Ge2Sb2Te5, has demonstrated several useful properties and performance characteristics. However, the efficacy of benchmark Ge2Sb2Te5 is restricted by amorphous phase thermal stability below ∼150 °C, limiting its potential use in high-temperature applications. In response, previous studies have added a fourth species (e.g., C) to sputter-deposited Ge2Sb2Te5, demonstrating improved thermal stability. Our current research confirms reported thermal stability enhancements and assesses the effects of carbon on crystalline phase radiation response. Through in situ transmission electron microscope irradiation studies, we examine the effect of C addition on the amorphization behavior of initially cubic and trigonal polycrystalline films irradiated using 2.8 MeV Au to various doses up to 1 × 1015 cm−2. It was found that increased C content reduces radiation tolerance of both cubic and trigonal phases.
Machine learning reconstruction of depth-dependent thermal conductivity profile from pump–probe thermoreflectance signals
Authors: Xiang Zeyu , Pang Yu , Qian Xin , Yang Ronggui
Published: April 2023

Characterizing spatially varying thermal conductivities is significant to unveil the structure–property relation for a wide range of thermal functional materials such as chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) diamonds, ion-irradiated materials, nuclear materials under radiation, and battery electrode materials. Although the development of thermal property microscopy based on time/frequency-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR/FDTR) enabled in-plane scanning of a thermal conductivity profile, measuring depth-dependent profiles remains challenging. This work proposed a machine-learning-based reconstruction method for extracting depth-dependent thermal conductivity K ( z ) directly from pump–probe phase signals. We demonstrated that the simple supervised-learning algorithm kernel ridge regression can reconstruct K ( z ) without requiring pre-knowledge about the functional form of the profile. The reconstruction method can not only accurately reproduce typical K ( z ) distributions such as the exponential profile of CVD diamonds and the Gaussian profile of ion-irradiated materials but also complex profiles artificially constructed by superimposing Gaussian, exponential, polynomial, and logarithmic functions. In addition to FDTR, the method also shows excellent performance of reconstructing K ( z ) of ion-irradiated semiconductors from TDTR signals. This work demonstrates that combining machine learning with pump–probe thermoreflectance is an effective way for depth-dependent thermal property mapping.
General theory on the growth kinetics of topological domain structure in hexagonal manganites
Authors: Lin H. L. , Yang K. L. , Huang Y. , Lin L. , Yan Z. B. , Liu J.-M.
Published: April 2023

Although the dynamics of domain growth has been a long-standing topic in ferroic systems, its science complexity and important guidance to practical applications cannot be overemphasized. Highly anisotropic systems with only domain-wall-type defects and roughly isotropic systems with only vortex-type defects have been extensively studied as two ideal and extreme examples in terms of domain growth dynamics. The domain growth processes in these two types of systems are believed to follow two different scaling laws. The driving forces behind are domain wall motion and vortex–antivortex annihilation, respectively. However, no realistic ferroic systems have ever been found to exhibit a domain growth process that strictly follows these scaling laws. Fortunately, we now have a realistic ferroic system, i.e., the ferroelectric hexagonal manganite family in which the aforementioned two types of defects coexist. This system supports a fascinating topological vortex–antivortex domain structure and is a unique platform for probing a generalized theory on the domain growth dynamics that covers the two extremes. In this work, we investigate this vortex–antivortex domain structure and its growth dynamics within the framework of the Landau theory using phase-field simulations. It is revealed that morphology of this domain structure can be controlled by a correlation length Lc that is different from the conventional correlation length. More importantly, this domain structure can be seen as an intermediate state between the two extremes in terms of domain growth dynamics. When Lc is very small, the domain growth process in this domain structure is driven by domain wall motion and follows the well-known Allen–Cahn scaling law. As Lc increases, vortex–antivortex annihilation will dominate the domain growth process and the scaling law will need a logarithmical correction. The present work provides a comprehensive understanding of the domain growth behavior in such a realistic ferroic system of much attention and represents a substantial extension of domain growth dynamics toward complicated multi-defect systems.
Characterizing the high-power-microwaves radiated by an axial output compact S-band A6 segmented magnetron fed by a split cathode and powered by a linear induction accelerator
Authors: Belozerov O. , Krasik Ya. E. , Leopold J. G. , Pavlov S. , Hadas Y. , Kuchuk K. , Schamiloglu E.
Published: April 2023

In a recent publication [J. Appl. Phys. 131, 023301 (2022)], microwave generation by a segmented A6 S-band axial output relativistic magnetron (RM) fed by a split cathode and powered by a small pulsed power generator was demonstrated for the first time. In the present article, we add to the same RM a mode converter and an antenna and drive it by using a modified linear induction accelerator (LIA) (≤450 kV, ≤4 kA, ∼150 ns). It was found that the operation of the RM for a split cathode or a common explosive emission cathode differs significantly. For a split cathode, we optimize for the best microwave output, its geometrical parameters, the external magnetic field, and the LIA's charging voltages. For the optimal choice of these parameters, the RM generates ∼160 ns long microwave pulses of ∼130 MW, 1.78 GHz frequency with an electronic efficiency of ∼40%, without pulse shortening. On the other hand, a common solid cathode fed RM showed microwave pulse shortening. We demonstrated that the segmented anode allows using a μs-timescale magnetic field, making it possible for the RM to operate repetitively.
Correlated ion-(ion/neutral) time of flight mass spectrometer
Authors: Abdoul-Carime H. , Mounier F. , Charlieux F. , André H.
Published: April 2023

The fragmentation of molecular systems into ions and neutral species is ubiquitous in fundamental and applied science. While the ion fragments are relatively easily detected by mass spectrometry technique, the information on the neutral product that is formed in correlation is challenging. In this contribution, we present a detailed description of the correlated ion-(ion/neutral) time of flight mass spectrometer, which is dedicated to the study of molecular dissociation induced by electrons at low energies (<20 eV). This new mass spectrometer uptakes the challenge to provide the correlation of ion/neural species produced in low energy electron-molecule collision processes.