bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF BIFERROIC PROPERTIES IN THE La0.37Ca0.17Ba0.43Mn0.52Ti0.44Zr0.04O3 COMPLEX PEROVSKITE
Authors: CARDONA-VÁSQUEZ J. A. , GÓMEZ M. E. , LANDÍNEZ-TÉLLEZ D. A. , ROA-ROJAS J.
Published: October 2013

In this paper, details of synthesis and structural, morphological, electrical, and magnetic characterization of the new La 0.37 Ca 0.17 Ba 0.43 Mn 0.52 Ti 0.44 Zr 0.04 O 3 multiferroic complex perovskite are reported. Mixtures with 50% mass of ferromagnetic lanthanum calcium manganite La 0.67 Ca 0.33 MnO 3 and ferroelectric barium-lanthanum zirconate titanate Ba 0.9 La 0.067 Ti 0.91 Zr 0.09 O 3 were prepared by the solid state reaction technique. Patterns of X-ray diffraction showed that the materials have reacted resulting in a new perovskite-like structure with tetragonal symmetry, space group P4mm(#99). The structure of the material was refined using the Rietveld method through the GSAS code. ZFC and FC magnetization curves show the occurrence of two phase transitions at 42.25 K and 203.9 K which have been associated with two different magnetic regimes. Hysteresis curves measured confirm that the relationship between the applied field and the magnetization does not evidence a linear behavior. These curves also show that in the low temperature regime the magnetic memory of the material is greater than in the high temperature region. AC impedance as a function of temperature measurements show the same two regions observed in the magnetization curves. The ferroelectric behavior with relative permittivity of 153.12 is observed by polarization curves performed at room temperature in the synthesized materials.
YOUNG INVESTIGATORS
Authors: Dunlin Geraldine Lai , Lyn Ong Sher , Rou See Jing , Yani Lily , Min Lim Jia
Published: October 2013

P latelets have an important role to play in the clotting of blood. When platelet aggregation is not under control, excessive aggregation occurs, leading to theblockage of the blood vessels. Reduction in blood supply or the dislodging of clots from their site of origin may damage vital organs like the brain or heart; leading to a stroke or heart attack.
AN AGENT-BASED MODEL OF TAX COMPLIANCE: AN APPLICATION TO THE SPANISH CASE
Authors: LLACER TONI , MIGUEL FRANCISCO J. , NOGUERA JOSÉ A. , TAPIA EDUARDO
Published: October 2013

In this paper, we present a new agent-based model for the simulation of tax compliance and tax evasion behavior (SIMULFIS). The main novelties of the model are the introduction of a "behavioral filter approach" to model tax decisions, the combination of a set of different mechanisms to produce tax compliance (namely rational choice, normative commitments and social influence), and the use of the concept of "fraud opportunity use rate" (FOUR) as the main behavioral outcome. After describing the model in detail, we display the main behavioral and economic results of 1,920 simulations calibrated for the Spanish case and designed to test for the internal validity of SIMULFIS. The behavioral outcomes show that scenarios with strict rational agents strongly overestimate tax evasion, while the introduction of social influence and normative commitments allows to generate more plausible compliance levels under certain deterrence conditions. Interestingly, the relative effect of social influence is shown to be ambivalent: it optimizes compliance under low and middle deterrence conditions, but not when deterrence is made harder. Finally, SIMULFIS economic outcomes are broadly in line with theoretical expectations, thus supporting the reliability of the model.
MULTI-SCALE MODEL TO PREDICT THE BALLISTIC IMPACT BEHAVIOR OF MULTI-LAYER PLAIN-WOVEN FABRICS
Authors: MINH C. HA , BOUSSU FR. , IMAD A. , KANIT T. , CRÉPIN D.
Published: October 2013

This paper presents a multi-scale model that can predict the ballistic impact behavior of multi-layer plain-woven fabrics using the finite element method (FEM). Multi-layer fabrics of 30.5 × 30.5 cm, woven by high performance yarns Kevlar® 29 3000 denier, are impacted by a 0.3 fragment simulating projectile (FSP). Using a multi-scale approach, behavior of multi-layer fabrics subjected to different impact velocities is numerically analyzed. Ballistic limit of the fabric can also be predicted. The multi-scale model shows an effective gain of computation time in comparison with current mesoscopic ones. Computational results show a good agreement with experimental data.
Migraine and Despair: Factors Associated with Depression and Suicidal Ideation among Canadian Migraineurs in a Population-Based Study
Authors: Fuller-Thomson Esme , Schrumm Meghan , Brennenstuhl Sarah
Published: October 2013

This study sought to (1) investigate the association between migraine and both depression and suicidal ideation and (2) to identify the factors independently associated with each of these mental health problems among Canadian men and women with migraine. Data were analyzed from the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). Presence of migraine was assessed by self-report of a health professional diagnosis. Current depression was measured using the CIDI-SF, and suicidal ideation was based on a question about serious consideration of suicide at any point during the respondent's lifetime. Migraineurs were found to have elevated odds of depression (men: OR = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.70, 2.41; women: OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.71, 2.10) and suicidal ideation (men: OR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.55, 1.96; women: OR = 1.72; 95% CI = 1.59, 1.86) even when adjusting for sociodemographic variables and disability status. The odds of depression and suicidal ideation were higher among both genders of migraineurs who were younger, unmarried and had more activity limitations; associations with poverty and race depended on gender and whether the focus was on depression or suicidal ideation. While screening for depression is already recommended for those with migraine, this research helps identify which migraineurs may require more immediate attention, including those who are younger, unmarried, and experiencing limitations in their activities.
Identification of DLEC1 D215N Somatic Mutation in Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Melanoma and Melanocytic Nevi Specimens
Authors: Vieira Ricardo , Simões Maria José , Carmona Susana , Egas Conceição , Faro Carlos , Figueiredo Américo
Published: October 2013

DLEC1 has been suggested as a tumor suppressor gene in several cancers. DLEC1 D215N somatic mutation (COSM36702) was identified in a melanoma cell line through whole genome sequencing. However, little is known about the implication and prevalence of this mutation in primary melanomas or in melanocytic nevi. The aim of this study was to genotype DLEC1 D215N mutation in melanoma tissue and melanocytic nevi samples to confirm its occurrence and to estimate its prevalence. Primary melanomas (n=81) paired with synchronous or asynchronous metastases (n=21) from 81 melanoma patients and melanocytic nevi (n=28) were screened for DLEC1 D215N mutation. We found the mutation in 3 primary melanomas and in 2 melanocytic nevi, corresponding to a relatively low prevalence (3.7% and 7.1%, resp.). The pathogenic role of DLEC1 215N mutation is unclear. However, since the mutation has not been previously described in general population, its involvement in nevogenesis and melanoma progression remains a possibility to be clarified in future studies.
Association of RXR-Gamma Gene Variants with Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia: Genotype and Haplotype Analysis
Authors: Sentinelli Federica , Minicocci Ilenia , Montali Anna , Nanni Luisa , Romeo Stefano , Incani Michela , Cavallo M. Gisella , Lenzi Andrea , Arca Marcello , Baroni Marco G.
Published: October 2013

Background. Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), the most common genetic form of hyperlipdemia, is characterized by a strong familial clustering and by premature coronary heart disease. The FCHL locus has been mapped to human chromosome 1q21-q23. This region includes the retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG), a nuclear factor member of the RXR superfamily, which plays important roles in lipid homeostasis.Objective. To investigate the possible role of the RXRG gene in the genetic susceptibility to FCHL.Methods. Variations in RXRG gene were searched by direct sequencing, and the identified SNPs were genotyped by PCR-RFLP in 192 FCHL individuals from 74 families and in 119 controls.Results. We identified 5 polymorphisms in the RXRG gene (rs1128977, rs2651860, rs2134095, rs283696, and rs10918169). Genotyping showed that the A-allele of rs283696 SNP was significantly associated with FCHL (correctedP,Pc<0.01). Also the alleles of the rs10918169 and of the rs2651860 SNP were more frequent in FCHL subjects compared to those in controls, although not significantly after correction. When the clinical characteristics of the FCHL subjects were stratified by allele carrier status for each SNP, the rs2651860 SNP was significantly associated with increased levels of LDL-cholesterol and of Apo-B in T-allele carriers(P<0.04). Finally, haplotypes analysis with all 5 SNPs confirmed the significant association of RXRG gene with FCHL. Specifically, the haplotype containing all 3 “at-risk” alleles, significantly associated with FCHL (A-allele of rs283696, G-allele of rs10918169, and T-allele of rs2651860), showed an OR (Odds Ratio) of 2.02,Pc<0.048. Conversely, the haplotype without all these 3 alleles was associated with a reduced risk for FCHL (OR=0.39,Pc<0.023). The “at-risk” haplotype CTTAG was also associated with higher LDL-C(P<0.015). In conclusion, variation in the RXRG gene may contribute to the genetic dyslipidemia in FCHL subjects.
Establishment of Native Grasses with Biosolids on Abandoned Croplands in Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: Jurado-Guerra Pedro , Sierra-Tristán J. Santos , Lara-Macias Carlos , Saucedo-Teran Ruben , Morales-Nieto Carlos
Published: October 2013

The objective of the work was to evaluate establishment and forage production of native grasses with application of biosolids, a byproduct of waste-water treatment, at an abandoned field, in Ejido Nuevo Delicias, Chihuahua, Mexico. Four biosolids rates from 0 (control) to 30 dry Mg ha−1and two methods of application, surface applied (BioSur) and soil incorporated (BioInc), were evaluated. Seedbed preparation included plowing and harrowing before rainfall. Field plots of 5 × 5 m were manually sown with a mix of blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis) (50%) and green sprangletop (Leptochloa dubia) (50%) in early August 2005. Experimental design was a randomized block with a split plot arrangement. Grass density, height, and forage production were estimated for three years. Data were analyzed with mixed linear models and repeated measures. Green sprangletop density increased under all biosolids rates regardless of method of application, while blue grama density slightly decreased. Biosolids were more beneficial for green sprangletop height than for blue grama height. Blue grama forage production slightly increased, while green sprangletop forage production increased the most at 10 Mg ha−1biosolids rate under BioSur method. It was concluded that BioSur application at 10 and 20 Mg ha−1rates had positive effects on the establishment and forage production of native grasses, especially green sprangletop.
An Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction with Patellar Tendon Autograft
Authors: Witoński Dariusz , Kęska Rafał , Synder Marek , Sibiński Marcin
Published: October 2013

The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of the medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction with a medial strip of patellar tendon autograft after a minimum 2-year followup. Ten patients (10 knees) were operated on by one surgeon, according to the modified technique, described by Camanho, without any bone plug at free graft end. The mean age of the patients was 27.2 years (ranging from 18 to 42 years). The mean follow-up period was 3 years and 7 months. All patients were reviewed prospectively. At the last follow-up visit, all the patients demonstrated a significant improvement in terms of patellofemoral joint stability, all aspects of the KOOS questionnaire, and Kujala et al.’s score (59.7 points preoperatively and 84.4 points at the last followup). No patient revealed recurrent dislocation. The SF-36 score revealed a significant improvement in bodily pain, general health, physical role functioning, social role functioning, and physical functioning domains. The described MPFL reconstruction with the use of the medial 1/3rd of patella tendon is an effective procedure that gives satisfactorily patellofemoral joint functions, improves the quality of life, and provides much pain relief. It is relatively simple, surgically not extensive, and economically cost-effective procedure.
An Interesting Case of Barbiturate Automatism and Review of Literature
Authors: Gokhale Sankalp , Ramos-Estebanez Ciro
Published: October 2013

A 48 year old man with a diagnosis of HIV infection since 1993, on highly active anti-retro viral therapy (HAART) with stable CD4 count and undetectable viral load for years and seizure disorder presented with recurrent drowsiness. His seizures were well controlled on phenobarbitone for years. Repeated laboratory evaluation demonstrated toxic levels of phenobarbitone in his blood. A thorough clinical, psychiatric, laboratory and imaging evaluation did not reveal any obvious etiology for the recurrent barbiturate intoxication in this man. Our findings suggest the possible diagnosis of barbiturate drug automatism in this patient. Though drug automatism is a controversial entity, it merits continued attention. There are recent reports of similar phenomenon with newer sedative agents such as Zolpidem. It is important to be aware of this phenomenon as a possible explanation for recurrent intoxication with barbiturates without a clear etiology for drug overdose.
Sym004, a Novel Anti-EGFR Antibody Mixture, Augments Radiation Response in Human Lung and Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Huang Shyhmin , Peet Chimera R. , Saker Jarob , Li Chunrong , Armstrong Eric A. , Kragh Michael , Pedersen Mikkel W. , Harari Paul M.
Published: October 2013

Sym004 represents a novel EGF receptor (EGFR)-targeting approach comprising a mixture of two anti-EGFR antibodies directed against distinct epitopes of EGFR. In contrast with single anti-EGFR antibodies, Sym004 induces rapid and highly efficient degradation of EGFR. In the current study, we examine the capacity of Sym004 to augment radiation response in lung cancer and head and neck cancer model systems. We first examined the antiproliferative effect of Sym004 and confirmed 40% to 60% growth inhibition by Sym004. Using clonogenic survival analysis, we identified that Sym004 potently increased cell kill by up to 10-fold following radiation exposure. A significant increase of γH2AX foci resulting from DNA double-strand breaks was observed in Sym004-treated cells following exposure to radiation. Mechanistic studies further showed that Sym004 enhanced radiation response via induction of cell-cycle arrest followed by induction of apoptosis and cell death, reflecting inhibitory effects on DNA damage repair. The expression of several critical molecules involved in radiation-induced DNA damage repair was significantly inhibited by Sym004, including DNAPK, NBS1, RAD50, and BRCA1. Using single and fractionated radiation in human tumor xenograft models, we confirmed that the combination of Sym004 and radiation resulted in significant tumor regrowth delay and superior antitumor effects compared with treatment with Sym004 or radiation alone. Taken together, these data reveal the strong capacity of Sym004 to augment radiation response in lung and head and neck cancers. The unique action mechanism of Sym004 warrants further investigation as a promising EGFR targeting agent combined with radiotherapy in cancer therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(12); 2772–81. ©2013 AACR.
Screening Entire Health System ECG Databases to Identify Patients at Increased Risk of Death
Authors: Strauss David G. , Mewton Nathan , Verrier Richard L. , Nearing Bruce D. , Marchlinski Francis E. , Killian Tony , Moxley John , Tereshchenko Larisa G. , Wu Katherine C. , Winslow Raimond , Cox Christopher , Spooner Peter M. , Lima João A.C.
Published: October 2013

Background—

Current methods to identify patients at higher risk for sudden cardiac death, primarily left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%, miss ≈80% of patients who die suddenly. We tested the hypothesis that patients with elevated QRS-scores (index of myocardial scar) and wide QRS-T angles (index abnormal depolarization–repolarization relationship) have high 1-year all-cause mortality and could be further risk stratified with clinical characteristics.

Methods and Results—

We screened all 12-lead ECGs over 6 months at 2 large hospital systems and analyzed clinical characteristics and 1-year mortality. Patients with ECGs obtained in hospital areas with known high mortality rates were excluded. At the first hospital, QRS-score ≥5 and QRS-T angle ≥105° identified 8.0% of patients and was associated with an odds ratio of 2.79 (95% confidence interval, 2.10–3.69) for 1-year mortality compared with patients below both ECG thresholds (13.9% versus 5.5% death rate). Left ventricular ejection fraction was >35% in 82% of the former group of patients, and addition of ECG measures to left ventricular ejection fraction increased the discrimination of death risk (
P
<0.0001). At the second hospital, the odds ratio was 2.42 (1.95–3.01) for 1-year mortality (8.8% versus 3.8%). Adjustment for patient characteristics eliminated interhospital differences. Multivariable adjusted odds ratio combining data from both hospitals was 1.53 (1.28–1.83). Increasing heart rate and chronic renal impairment further predicted mortality.

Conclusions—

Screening hospital ECG databases with QRS-scoring and QRS-T angle analysis identifies patients with high 1-year all-cause mortality and predominantly preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. This approach may represent a widely available method to identify patients at increased risk of death.
Are Asian Business Cycles Different?
Authors: Jung Yongseung , Kim Soyoung , Yang Doo Yong , Yun Tack
Published: October 2013

This paper studies the unusual features of emerging economy business cycles in Asia. When we assess whether approaches from the previous literature can explain Asian business cycles, we conclude that standard models based on permanent growth shocks do not replicate key features of Asian business cycles. The evidence suggests that different transmission mechanisms explain the connections between consumption, net exports, and export or import in Latin America and Asia. For evidence of a special transmission mechanism, we study durable goods business cycles in Asia (Korea), noting that strong pro-cyclical durable goods consumption may be explained by the export-income channel coupled with market laddering by which firms have expanded the variety and quality of their durable goods production.
The Eurozone Crisis and the Competitiveness Legend
Authors: Wyplosz Charles
Published: October 2013

A widely accepted narrative of the European sovereign debt crisis is that it was due, at least in a large part, to a loss of competitiveness suffered by a number of countries. This article argues that this assertion is factually wrong. Working with the same data used to make the assertion, the article shows that the competitiveness loss view is the result of several misleading assumptions. When using a proper definition of competitiveness, the data reveal that whatever loss occurred was being corrected before the crisis erupted and was completely eliminated within three years. It also provides evidence that competitiveness changes have been endogenous to demand shocks. This implies that policies aiming at “restoring” competitiveness look at the symptoms, not the cause.
Shaping up the Form of the Tabernacle
Authors: Hrobon Bohdan
Published: October 2013

Abstract

Sketches of the Tabernacle based on Ex 26 depend on the understanding of the obscure Hebrew termqršymand the even more obscure v. 24 that describes twoqršymof special use. Being a determinative element of a relatively complex construction, the exposition ofqršyminevitably involves some discussion of the other components. Therefore, close attention is paid to the arrangements of the tent curtains as prescribed in vv. 9, 12, and 13, proposing an alternative reading of v. 9 and determining the length of the Tabernacle. Consequently, a novel interpretation of Ex 26:24 that contributes to the Tabernacle’s symmetry and plausibility is suggested.
Translating the Preposition ‘m in the Book of Ruth
Authors: Schipper Jeremy
Published: October 2013

Abstract

This article argues that there are six cases in the Book of Ruth where the preposition ‘m may be translated as “under the authority of . . .” (1:7, 11, 22; 2:6, 19 [2x]). The preposition means more than just “with” in these verses.
Notes on the Temple ‘Restorations’ of Jehoash and Josiah
Authors: Na’aman Nadav
Published: October 2013

Abstract

The article discusses the descriptions of Jehoash’s and Josiah’s restorations of the temple in the Book of Kings. Two Neo-Babylonian legal documents are examined in order to demonstrate how ideological the descriptions of the repair works undertaken by the two kings are. The comparison further shows the cooperation of the royal and temple administrations in Babylonia and Judah in supervising the internal affairs of temples. Epigraphic Judahite documents shed some light on the management of workers in the kingdom. However, in spite of the many cuneiform and epigraphic documents published so far, fundamental elements in the administration of building projects in the First Temple Judah remain practically unknown.
Translating חנם in Job 1:9 and 2:3: On the Relationship between Job’s Piety and His Interiority
Authors: Linafelt Tod , Linafelt Tod , Davis Andrew R.
Published: October 2013

Abstract

The adverb חנם occurs twice (1:9 and 2:3) in the prose narrative of the book of Job. Despite their close proximity, there is a tendency among translators and commentators to interpret the two occurrences differently. Against the consensus that understands חנם in 1:9 as indicating ends (“for no reason”) and in 2:3 as indicating origins (“without cause”), we argue that one can and should interpret חנם in both cases to mean “without effect.” In our reading of 2:3, then, God is saying to the Adversary “You incited me against him, to destroy him with no effect,” that is, with no achieved purpose. The first round of testing has failed to solve the central question driving the opening narrative—namely, the motivation for Job’s piety—and so has been judged by God to have been חנם, thus making another round of testing necessary.
Present Affliction Affects the Representation of the Past: An Alternative Dating of the Levitical Prayer in Nehemiah 9
Authors: Kugler Gili
Published: October 2013

Abstract

This article examines a group of confessional prayers found in Second Temple literature uttered by known/identifiable figures that are characterized by an admission of guilt on the part of the speaker and a request for divine deliverance and redemption. In Nehemiah 9, these elements are very obscure, the passage also demonstrating linguistic and historical signs that suggest it does not belong to this group or the same date. On the basis of the disparity between the prayer and its introduction, an analysis of its content, linguistic elements, and the features stressed in the historical review, this paper proposes that the prayer belongs not to the Second Temple period but to the days prior to the Babylonian exile, when the people were under bondage to foreign kings in their own land.
The Ambiguity of Theological Education: Angles on Integration
Authors: Davison Andrew
Published: October 2013

This paper arises out of contemporary pressures on theological education in the Church of England, and responses currently being proposed. It works with the ambiguity of the phrase ‘theological education’, which applies both to the ongoing education of the church and to a more mission-related task of explaining the faith to the wider society. Both are important, as is recognition that the theological education of the church involves laity as well as clergy. Since clergy education is principally in view in the current changes, a discussion of curriculum suggests a broad coverage that attends to relations between topics, combined with some opportunity for exploration at greater depth. Community is stressed as centrally important, with the impartation of a transforming message happening within a community itself oriented to transformation. Such a community can be the nursery for a confidence based on embracing the risk that the faith is true.
Performing Christ: The Theological Vocation of Lay People
Authors: Ward Graham
Published: October 2013

The development of secular institutions has led to the widespread assumption, even among Christians, that the Church is itself one more institution. There is to this a corresponding privatisation of piety and a depoliticization of the church and of the theologian. The church, however, is not primarily an institution. It is first of all the primordial fellowship of the body of Christ. Seen this way, a renewed emphasis is placed on the full distribution of ministries, in which every lay member bears a part. The church is ‘made to appear’ through the exercise of these roles within the body of Christ. This ‘labour’ is nothing less than the performance of Christ within the other social bodies to which Christians belong. This performance makes every Christian a theologian. The lay Christian is particularly well placed to exemplify a theology that is worked out in action and behaviour as well as words.
The fossil pulmonate snails of Sandelzhausen (Early/Middle Miocene, Germany): Succineidae, Testacelloidea and Helicoidea
Authors: SALVADOR RODRIGO BRINCALEPE
Published: October 2013

Sandelzhausen is an Early/Middle Miocene (Mammal Neogene zone MN5) fossil site near Mainburg, S Germany, and despite its small size it harbors a rich fossil record. Hundreds of fossil continental mollusks, almost exclusively pulmonates snails, were recovered during the excavations, but never received due attention by researchers. Here, the second part of a formal taxonomical treatment of the fossil pulmonates from Sandelzhausen is presented, dealing with the superfamilies Succineoidea, Testacelloidea and Helicoidea, and including the description of a new hygromiid species. The following species were found in the material: Succinea minima (Succineidae); Palaeoglandina sp. (Spiraxidae); Testacella zellii (Testacellidae); Klikia cf. coarctata (Elonidae); Cepaea cf. eversa, Cepaea cf. sylvestrina and Tropidomphalus cf. incrassatus (Helicidae); ?Helicodonta sp. and Helicodontidae indet. (Helicodontidae); Leucochroopsis kleinii and Urticicola perchtae sp. nov. (Hygromiidae).
Revalidation of Saguinus ursula Hoffmannsegg (Primates: Cebidae: Callitrichinae)
Authors: Gregorin Renato , VIVO MARIO DE
Published: October 2013

In this study, we review the taxonomy of Saguinus niger (É. Geoffroy) and revalidate Saguinus ursula Hoffmannsegg as a distinct species. The revalidation is based on pelage coloration, and the pattern of morphological divergence is corroborated by molecular data. Samples from the east bank of the Tocantins River (S. ursulus) were distinct from specimens of S. niger from the west bank in having mid-dorsal hair with an wide (5.0–55 mm) intermediary band of bright and golden buffy color; long (ca. 23–26 mm) dorsal hair at the inter-scapular region; and naked (not noticeably haired) face, hands and fingers. Saguinus ursulus and S. niger are allopatric, and Tocantins River is putatively acting as an effective barrier for gene flow. A lectotype to S. ursulus from syntypes was designated.
Nesticus dimensis new species, a new troglobitic spider from Turkey (Araneae, Nesticidae), with comments on its phylogenetic relationships
Authors: LOPEZ-PANCORBO ALBERTO , KUNT KADIR BOĞAÇ , BLAGOEV GERGIN , DELTSHEV CHRISTO , RIBERA CARLES
Published: October 2013

A new troglobitic spider species, Nesticus dimensis n. sp. (♂ ♀), inhabiting the Dim Cave of Alanya (Antalya Prov., Turkey) is diagnosed and described. The new species belongs to the Eastern Mediterranean Nesticus Group, which includes N. eremita and N. speluncarum as the most common and widespread species along with N. arenstorffi and N. henderickxi. Evolutionary relationships of the taxa belonging to this group of species are discussed on the basis of morphological and molecular data (using cox1, rrnL and H3 gene sequence data).
A new species of Apocellus Erichson, 1839 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) from Argentina with ecological notes
Authors: CHANI-POSSE MARIANA , SCHEIBLER ERICA E.
Published: October 2013

Apocellus andinus sp. nov. from Argentina is described and illustrated, detailed information on its ecology is provided, and a key to species of Apocellus from southwestern South America is given. This species was collected in riparian areas of a mountain dam at 1355 m elevation, and it was found in an unstable wetland environment in association with species tolerant to human perturbations. Lectotypes are designated for Apocellus argentinus Bernhauer, 1908 and Apocellus opacus Bernhauer, 1908.
Cossyphodini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae) in South Africa, Namibia and adjacent regions: New species and records, key to genera, and Old World species catalogue
Authors: SCHAWALLER WOLFGANG
Published: October 2013

Cossyphodini Wasmann, 1899 (Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae) from South Africa, Namibia and adjacent regions are revised, and newly collected material is presented. All species are figured, including as much as possible type specimens of African taxa for comparison. New species are described: Cossyphodes andreaei sp. n. and Cossyphodes caecus sp. n. (both South Africa), Cossyphodes naukluftensis sp. n. (Namibia). New synonyms include: Cossyphodes freudei Basilewsky, 1957 (Cossyphodes uhligi Ferrer, 2004 syn. n.), Cossyphodes wasmanni Reichensperger, 1915 (Cossyphodes brincki Andreae, 1961 syn. n., Cossyphodes reichenspergeri Andreae, 1961 syn. n.). Lectotypes are designated for Cossyphodes arnoldi Brauns, 1925 and Cossyphodes wasmanni Reichensperger, 1915. The aedeagus is of lesser value for species separation. Keys to the four genera in South Africa and adjacent regions, as well as species of Cossyphodes in South Africa are presented. A catalogue of all Cossyphodini from the Old World including full references is added.
Checklist of Turkish Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)
Authors: BEYARSLAN AHMET , FISCHER MAXIMILIAN
Published: October 2013

The Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) species recorded from Turkey until the end of 2011 are listed, the present total number being 182. Changes with respect to the previous Turkish fauna are briefly annotated and the distributions for all the species in each of the 68 biogeographical provinces of Turkey are presented. After the publication of our previous fauna, 174 species have been recorded as new to Turkey. Of these, 105 species are distributed only in Asian Turkey and ten species are distributed only in European Turkey, while 73 species occur in both. The presented checklist covers synonyms, zoogeographical region(s), hosts, host plants of the host species and parasitoid data for the species.In total, 182 species belonging to ten genera are reported for Turkey. The number of species of each genus is represented by: Atormus van Achterberg, 1997: one; Biosteres Foerster, 1862: 17; Bitomus Szépligeti, 1910: three; Diachasma Foerster, 1862: one; Diachasmimorpha Viereck, 1913: one; Eurytenes Foerster, 1862: three; Indiopius Fischer, 1966: three; Opius Wesmael, 1835: 151, Psyttalia Walker, 1860: one; Sternaulopius Fischer, 1965: one.
Health Associations of Drug-Involved and Criminal-Justice-Involved Adults in the United States
Authors: Vaughn Michael G. , Salas-wright Christopher P. , Delisi Matt , Piquero Alex R.
Published: October 2013

A burgeoning criminological literature has identified important intersections between public health, crime, and antisocial behavior. This study is based on public-use data collected between 2006 and 2010 as part of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and an analytical sample of men ( N = 84,054) and women ( N = 95,308) between the ages of 18 and 64. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified three classes: a large normative group, a small drug-involved group, and a criminal-justice-involved group. Chronic health conditions that are more closely associated with longer term medical problems and perhaps cumulative stress such as heart disease and diabetes are not linked to criminal-justice-system-involved or drug-involved offenders. Medical problems that are more closely related to an antisocial lifestyle such as sexually transmitted diseases, pancreatitis, and hepatitis were found to be more prevalent among antisocial subgroups in this sample.
The Transition from Prison to Community Initiative
Authors: Holtfreter Kristy , Wattanaporn Katelyn A.
Published: October 2013

This review examines female offender reentry within the context of the Transition from Prison to Community Initiative (TPCI). Specifically, we consider each stage of the TPCI, noting the extent to which current reentry policies and practices can be informed by gender responsiveness. To illustrate further, we compare reentry approaches and correctional outcomes in two states. Directions for further research on female offender reentry and TPCI evaluations are discussed.
Hemodialysis clearance of iosimenol, a novel iso-osmolar radiographic contrast medium
Authors: Hirao Yukihiro , Kashiyama Eiji , Umehara Ken , Kohno Makoto , Ikei Nobuhiro , Hogstrom Barry
Published: October 2013

Background

Iodinated contrast media (CM) have molecular and pharmacokinetic properties likely to make them highly dialyzable. Controlled clinical studies allowing for comparisons of hemodialysis clearance between different test substances and in multiple hemodialysis filters are, however, complex and not always practically feasible. A miniaturized in vitro method was therefore developed to evaluate the dialyzability of a new CM.

Purpose

To evaluate hemodialysis clearance of iosimenol, a novel iso-osmolar contrast medium (CM), in a select variety of hemodialysis filters and in comparison to commercially available CM.

Material and Methods

Three different high-flux and one low-flux membrane were used in miniaturized dialyzers to evaluate the in vitro blood clearance of iosimenol. Commercially available CM (iodixanol and iohexol) served as control substances. In vitro dialysis parameters were then used to predict clinical hemodialysis clearances. Residual ratios of endogenous substances (inorganic phosphate, urea nitrogen, creatinine, total bilirubin, and albumin) were used as proof of reliability of the in vitro dialysis system.

Results

Dialyzable small endogenous molecules were readily eliminated in all membranes. The removal ratios of iosimenol were generally similar to that of iodixanol in all membranes except the high-flux polysulfone but were consistently lower than that of iohexol. The blood clearance of iosimenol during clinical hemodialysis was predicted as, on average, approximately 85 mL/min with the high-flux membranes and 47 mL/min with the low-flux membrane.

Conclusion

The dialyzability of iosimenol was evaluated using a newly developed in vitro dialysis system, and iosimenol was readily cleared from blood with all four tested membranes. And it is suggested that the dialysis parameters can predict clinical hemodialysis clearance of CM.
Commercial Sex and Condom Use Among Involuntary Bachelors
Authors: Yang Xueyan , Attané Isabelle , Li Shuzhuo
Published: October 2013

In the present context of the Chinese male marriage squeeze, commercial sex is becoming an important way for bachelors to meet their sexual needs. Using data from a survey conducted in a rural district of Anhui province, China, this study analyzes commercial sex experiences and condom use among involuntary bachelors and compares usage in this population to that observed in married men in the same age groups. Our findings indicate that, for both first and most recent sexual intercourse, the prevalence of commercial sex among unmarried men is significantly higher than that reported among married men; indeed, marital status was the only variable that was consistently related to rates of commercial sex for both first and most recent sexual intercourse. The vast majority of sexual intercourse was still unprotected, and the rate of condom use was not only lower among unmarried men than among married men, but was also significantly related to knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases, as well as age, education, and income. Because of their lower condom use, unmarried men face much higher risks of contracting and spreading sexually transmitted diseases than married men do. This situation poses a severe threat to public health.
Plasticity of primary microglia on micropatterned geometries and spontaneous long-distance migration in microfluidic channels
Authors: Amadio Susanna , De Ninno Adele , Montilli Cinzia , Businaro Luca , Gerardino Annamaria , Volonté Cinzia
Published: October 2013

Background

Microglia possess an elevated grade of plasticity, undergoing several structural changes based on their location and state of activation. The first step towards the comprehension of microglia’s biology and functional responses to an extremely mutable extracellular milieu, consists in discriminating the morphological features acquired by cells maintainedin vitrounder diverse environmental conditions. Previous work described neither primary microglia grown on artificially patterned environments which impose physical cues and constraints, nor long distance migration of microgliain vitro. To this aim, the present work exploits artificial bio-mimetic microstructured substrates with pillar-shaped or line-grating geometries fabricated on poly(dimethylsiloxane) by soft lithography, in addition to microfluidic devices, and highlights some morphological/functional characteristics of microglia which were underestimated or unknown so far.

Results

We report that primary microglia selectively adapt to diverse microstructured substrates modifying accordingly their morphological features and behavior. On micropatterned pillar-shaped geometries, microglia appear multipolar, extend several protrusions in all directions and form distinct pseudopodia. On both micropatterned line-grating geometries and microfluidic channels, microglia extend the cytoplasm from a roundish to a stretched, flattened morphology and assume a filopodia-bearing bipolar structure. Finally, we show that in the absence of any applied chemical gradient, primary microglia spontaneously moves through microfluidic channels for a distance of up to 500 μm in approximately 12 hours, with an average speed of 0.66 μm/min.

Conclusions

We demonstrate an elevated grade of microglia plasticity in response to a mutable extracellular environment, thus making these cells an appealing population to be further exploited for lab on chip technologies. The development of microglia-based microstructured substrates opens the road to novel hybrid platforms for testing drugs for neuroinflammatory diseases.
Effectiveness of first-line antiretroviral therapy and correlates of longitudinal changes in CD4 and viral load among HIV-infected children in Ghana
Authors: Barry Oliver , Powell Jonathan , Renner Lorna , Bonney Evelyn Y , Prin Meghan , Ampofo William , Kusah Jonas , Goka Bamenla , Sagoe Kwamena WC , Shabanova Veronika , Paintsil Elijah
Published: October 2013

Background

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up in resource-limited countries, with limited capacity for CD4 and HIV viral load monitoring, presents a unique challenge. We determined the effectiveness of first-line ART in a real world pediatric HIV clinic and explored associations between readily obtainable patient data and the trajectories of change in CD4 count and HIV viral load.

Methods

We performed a longitudinal study of a cohort of HIV-infected children initiating ART at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital Pediatric HIV clinic in Accra, Ghana, aged 0-13 years from 2009-2012. CD4 and viral load testing were done every 4 to 6 months and genotypic resistance testing was performed for children failing therapy. A mixed linear modeling approach, combining fixed and random subject effects, was employed for data analysis.

Results

Ninety HIV-infected children aged 0 to 13 years initiating ART were enrolled. The effectiveness of first-line regimen among study participants was 83.3%, based on WHO criteria for virologic failure. Fifteen of the 90 (16.7%) children met the criteria for virologic treatment failure after at least 24 weeks on ART. Sixty-seven percent virologic failures harbored viruses with ≥ 1 drug resistant mutations (DRMs); M184V/K103N was the predominant resistance pathway. Age at initiation of therapy, child’s gender, having a parent as a primary care giver, severity of illness, and type of regimen were associated with treatment outcomes.

Conclusions

First-line ART regimens were effective and well tolerated. We identified predictors of the trajectories of change in CD4 and viral load to inform targeted laboratory monitoring of ART among HIV-infected children in resource-limited countries.
MT1-MMP in breast cancer: induction of VEGF-C correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis
Authors: Yao Guangyu , He Ping , Chen Lujia , Hu Xiaolei , Gu Fan , Ye Changsheng
Published: October 2013

Background

Recent evidence suggests that vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C)- dependent tumour production promotes lymphangiogenesis, while membrane-type matrix 1 metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is involved in the critical steps leading to carcinogenesis. However, the role of MT1-MMP in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis remains poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between MT1-MMP and VEGF-C in human breast cancer and correlated MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression with lymphangiogenesis and prognosis.

Methods

MT1-MMP and VEGF-C levels were compared in five breast carcinoma cell lines. We used a membrane invasion assay to assess the effect of MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression, as well as anti-MT1-MMP and VEGF-C antibodies, on cancer cell invasion. We further assessed MT1-MMP and VEGF-C immunoreactivity and lymph vessels in a cohort of human breast cancer specimens (n = 106) and associated MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression with clinicopathological parameters, such as lymphatic vessel density (LVD), and patient prognosis.

Results

MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression differed among the five breast cancer cell lines and MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression were correlated with tumour cell invasion. VEGF-C mRNA expression levels and invasive activity of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited by an anti-MT1-MMP antibody in a concentration-dependent manner. A significant correlation was found between the expression of MT1-MMP and VEGF-C in breast cancer patient samples and elevated MT1-MMP and VEGF-C expression was associated with higher LVD, lymph node metastasis, cancer stage, and a decline in overall survival rates.

Conclusions

Our data demonstrate that MT1-MMP expression is closely correlated with VEGF-C expression, and that MT1-MMP promotes lymphangiogenesis by up-regulating VEGF-C expression in human breast cancer. Thus, elevated MT1-MMP may serve as a significant prognostic factor in breast cancer.
Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm after a left upper sleeve lobectomy
Authors: Bao Minwei , Zhou Yiming , Jiang Gening , Chen Chang
Published: October 2013

A 55-year-old man was re-admitted for persistent hemoptysis and high fever three weeks after an initial left upper sleeve lobectomy for a central squamous lung cancer tumor. Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm and pulmonary infection were confirmed by multidetector computed tomography angiography and subsequent emergency completion pneumonectomy. The development of pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm, secondary to post-operative pulmonary infection and pulmonary vascular manipulation, is rare and prompt surgical manipulation is mandatory.
Surgical resection should be taken into consideration for the treatment of small gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Yang Jianjun , Feng Fan , Li Mengbin , Sun Li , Hong Liu , Cai Lei , Wang Wenbin , Xu Guanghui , Zhang Hongwei
Published: October 2013

Background

The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends conservative follow-up for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) less than 2 cm. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and pathological features of small gastric GISTs, re-evaluate the risk potential, and discuss the treatment strategy of small gastric GISTs.

Methods

In this retrospective study, 63 cases of small gastric GISTs (less than 2 cm) were resected surgically from May 2010 to March 2013 in our department. Clinicopathological factors were collected and the malignant potential of small gastric GISTs was analyzed.

Results

The mitotic index of 14 out of 63 cases (22.22%) exceeded 5. The malignant potential of small gastric GISTs was related to tumor location (P = 0.0218). The mitotic index of 4 out of 8 GISTs (50%) located in gastric cardia exceeded 5, 8 out 28 GISTs (28.57%) located in the gastric fundus exceeded 5, and only 2 out of 27 GISTs (7.41%) located in the gastric body exceeded 5. We also discovered a good consistency between mitotic index and Ki-67 expression of small gastric GISTs.

Conclusions

Gastric GISTs less than 2 cm also have malignant potential. Thus, we recommended surgical resection of all small gastric GISTs once diagnosed.
Challenges facing translational research organizations in China: a qualitative multiple case study
Authors: Zhou Laixin , Li Ying , Bosworth Hayden B , Ehiri John , Luo Changkun
Published: October 2013

Background

Translational medicine is attracting much attention worldwide and many translational research organizations (TROs) have been established. In China, translational medicine has developed rapidly, but faces many challenges. This study was aimed at exploring these challenges faced by emerging TROs in China.

Method

A qualitative, multiple case study approach was used to assess the challenges faced by TROs in China. Data were collected between May and August 2012.

Results

Eight cases were identified. Overall, four themes that characterized TROs in China emerged from analyses: 1. objectives, organizer, and funding resources, 2. participating partners and research teams, 3. management, and 4. achievements. All TROs had objectives related to translating basic discovery to clinic treatment and cultivating translational researchers. In terms of organizer and funding resources, 7 out of 8 TROs were launched only by universities and/or hospitals, and funded mostly through research grants. As for participating partners and multidisciplinary research teams, all but one of the TROs only involved biomedical research institutions who were interested in translational research, and characterized as clinical research centers; 7 out of 8 TROs involved only researchers from biomedicine and clinical disciplines and none involved disciplines related to education, ethnicity, and sociology, or engaged the community. Current management of the TROs were generally nested within the traditional research management paradigms, and failed to adapt to the tenets of translational research. Half of the TROs were at developmental stages defined as infrastructure construction and recruitment of translational researchers.

Conclusions

TROs in China face the challenge of attracting sustainable funding sources, widening multidisciplinary cooperation, cultivating multi-disciplinary translational researchers and adapting current research management to translational research. Greater emphasis should be placed on increasing multidisciplinary cooperation, and innovating in education programs to cultivate of translational researchers. Efforts should be made to reform research management in TROs, and establish sustainable funding resources.