bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A chromodomain protein mediates heterochromatin-directed piRNA expression
Authors: Huang Xinya , Cheng Peng , Weng Chenchun , Xu Zongxiu , Zeng Chenming , Xu Zheng , Chen Xiangyang , Zhu Chengming , Guang Shouhong , Feng Xuezhu
Published: June 2021

Significance

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are highly conserved among metazoan and act to distinguish self and nonself nucleic acids, silence transposable elements, defend against viral infections, protect germline integrity, and mediate transgenerational inheritance. How piRNA source loci are efficiently transcribed is poorly understood. In this work, we used both forward and reverse genetic approaches to decipher the molecular mechanisms of piRNA transcription in the
Caenorhabditis elegans
germline. We identified a chromodomain protein, UAD-2, that is required for piRNA focus formation, the association of an upstream sequence transcription complex with the piRNA genes, and piRNA production. This work suggested that transcription of heterochromatic piRNA loci relies on coordinated recruitment of both the readers of histone marks and the core transcriptional machinery.
Promoter-sequence determinants and structural basis of primer-dependent transcription initiation in
Escherichia coli
Authors: Skalenko Kyle S. , Li Lingting , Zhang Yuanchao , Vvedenskaya Irina O. , Winkelman Jared T. , Cope Alexander L. , Taylor Deanne M. , Shah Premal , Ebright Richard H. , Kinney Justin B. , Zhang Yu , Nickels Bryce E.
Published: June 2021

Significance

Primer-dependent transcription initiation—the use of RNA primers as initiating entities in transcription initiation—yields RNA products having a 5′-hydroxyl. Here, we show that primer-dependent initiation in vivo in
Escherichia coli
involves predominantly dinucleotide primers, involves any of the 16 possible dinucleotide primers, and depends on promoter sequences in, upstream, and downstream of the primer binding site. Crystal structures explain the structural basis of sequence dependence at the promoter position immediately upstream of the primer binding site, namely, interchain base stacking between the promoter template-strand nucleotide and primer 5′ nucleotide. Taken together, our findings provide a mechanistic and structural description of primer-dependent initiation in
E. coli
.
Activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis by exogenous and endogenous GDF15
Authors: Cimino Irene , Kim Hanna , Tung Y. C. Loraine , Pedersen Kent , Rimmington Debra , Tadross John A. , Kohnke Sara N. , Neves-Costa Ana , Barros André , Joaquim Stephanie , Bennett Don , Melvin Audrey , Lockhart Samuel M. , Rostron Anthony J. , Scott Jonathan , Liu Hui , Burling Keith , Barker Peter , Clatworthy Menna R. , Lee E-Chiang , Simpson A. John , Yeo Giles S. H. , Moita Luís F. , Bence Kendra K. , Jørgensen Sebastian Beck , Coll Anthony P. , Breen Danna M. , O’Rahilly Stephen
Published: June 2021

Significance

GDF15, a hormone produced by a wide variety of cells undergoing different types of stress, acts on a receptor in the brain where it transmits signals that are perceived by the organism as aversive. We now report an action of GDF15, whereby it activates the endocrine stress response and increases circulating levels of the principal glucocorticoid (a “stress” steroid). By studying mice genetically deficient in GDF15, we also demonstrate that GDF15 is a key signal through which damage due to toxic chemicals activates the steroid stress response. GDF15 is currently being explored as an antiobesity drug and examination of the degree and duration of the steroid effect will need to be incorporated into any human trials.
Understanding Adult Learning Principles, CGMP Training Modalities and the Pharmaceutical Regulatory Landscape
Authors:   Technological University Dublin, Richter Lori
Published: June 2021

In this first article, we consider whether our CGMP learning programs providing the benefits that we are seeking; with effective knowledge transfer relevant to the adult learner in the CGMP environment. In the second and third article in this series, we will explore these questions, with actual examples to determine if the needs of the adult learner are being met.
Knowledge As The Currency Of Managing Risk: A Novel Framework To Unite Quality Risk Management And Knowledge...
Authors:   Technological University Dublin, Lipa Marty
Published: June 2021

This particular study represents novel thinking around the concepts of Knowledge Management (KM) and Quality Risk Management (QRM) practices, both as they relate to each other, as well as the regulatory governance on which life science organizations rely. Further, this paper is relevant to the ongoing revision of ICH Q9, Quality Risk Management, announced by ICH earlier this year which aims to improve the understanding and consistent application of QRM, specifically related to QRM outputs and risk-based decision making. These two areas have been identified in this paper as topics that may benefit from better linkages between QRM and KM, as a better use of knowledge can lead to risk assessments that have lower levels of subjectivity via an increased use of scientific data, and more reliable estimates of risk and risk reduction. Focusing risk-based decision making on knowledge and designing KM systems to support QRM activities has many potential benefits. First and foremost, there can be increased protection and value for patients – via the decisions reached that resulted in consistently high quality and available medicines for patients, in addition to operational benefits for companies.
The role of dimensionality and geometry in quench-induced nonequilibrium forces
Authors: Nejad M R , Khalilian H , Rohwer C M , Moghaddam A G
Published: June 2021

We present an analytical formalism, supported by numerical simulations, for studying forces that act on curved walls following temperature quenches of the surrounding ideal Brownian fluid. We show that, for curved surfaces, the post-quench forces initially evolve rapidly to an extremal value, whereafter they approach their steady state value algebraically in time. In contrast to the previously-studied case of flat boundaries (lines or planes), the algebraic decay for curved geometries depends on the dimension of the system. Specifically, steady-state values of the force are approached in time as t
−d/2 in d-dimensional spherical (curved) geometries. For systems consisting of concentric circles or spheres, the exponent does not change for the force on the outer circle or sphere. However, the force exerted on the inner circles or sphere experiences an overshoot and, as a result, does not evolve to the steady state in a simple algebraic manner. The extremal value of the force also depends on the dimension of the system, and originates from curved boundaries and the fact that particles inside a sphere or circle are locally more confined, and diffuse less freely than particles outside the circle or sphere.
Chimera states through invariant manifold theory
Authors: Eldering Jaap , Lamb Jeroen S W , Pereira Tiago , Roque dos Santos Edmilson
Published: June 2021

We establish the existence of chimera states, simultaneously supporting synchronous and asynchronous dynamics, in a network of two symmetrically linked star subnetworks of identical oscillators with shear and Kuramoto–Sakaguchi coupling. We show that the chimera states may be metastable or asymptotically stable. If the intra-star coupling strength is of order ɛ, the chimera states persist on time scales at least of order 1/ɛ in general, and on time-scales at least of order 1/ɛ
2 if the intra-star coupling is of Kuramoto–Sakaguchi type. If the intra-star coupling configuration is sparse, the chimeras are asymptotically stable. The analysis relies on a combination of dimensional reduction using a Möbius symmetry group and techniques from averaging theory and normal hyperbolicity.
Characterisation of a laser plasma betatron source for high resolution x-ray imaging
Authors: Finlay O J , Gruse J-N , Thornton C , Allott R , Armstrong C D , Baird C D , Bourgeois N , Brenner C , Cipiccia S , Cole J M , Gregory C , Jamison S , Katzir Y , Lopes N C , Mangles S P D , Murphy C D , Najmudin Z , Neely D , Pickard L R , Potter K D , Rajeev P P , Rusby D , Selwood M P , Symes D R , Underwood C I D , Wood J C , Thomas A G R , Streeter M J V
Published: June 2021

We report on the characterisation of an x-ray source, generated by a laser-driven plasma wakefield accelerator. The spectrum of the optimised source was consistent with an on-axis synchrotron spectrum with a critical energy of

13.8

−
1.9

+
2.2

keV and the number of photons per pulse generated above 1 keV was calculated to be

6

−
0.9

+
1.2

×

10

9

. The x-ray beam was used to image a resolution grid placed 37 cm from the source, which gave a measured spatial resolution of 4 µm ×  5 µm. The inferred emission region had a radius and length of 0.5 ± 0.2 µm and 3.2 ± 0.9 mm respectively. It was also observed that laser damage to the exit aperture of the gas cell led to a reduction in the accelerated electron beam charge and a corresponding reduction in x-ray flux due to the change in the plasma density profile.
Experimental Study of the Processes of Formation, Drift and Coalescence of Vapor-Gas Bubbles in Aqueous Solutions of Salts and Surfactants in a Sonochemical Reactor
Authors: Fattalov O , Lyubimova T , Rybkin K , Kozlov M , Kuchinskiy M
Published: June 2021

An experimental study of the activity of cavitation processes and the intensity of coalescence of vapor-gas bubbles arising in the volume of a liquid in the presence of ultrasonic (US) exposure in a NaCl salt solution and at various concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a surfactant has been carried out. The process of bubble formation and drift was recorded using a highspeed camera in the plane of the cuvette illuminated by a laser knife. It is shown that the addition of a surfactant to an aqueous solution of NaCl salt leads to a partial inhibition of the coalescence of the observed bubbles and a change in the degassing mode of the liquid in the presence of ultrasonic treatment. The maximum activity of cavitation processes and the formation of vapor-gas bubbles was observed in the presence of salt and a low concentration of SDS. Thus, the presence of a surfactant in an aqueous solution of 0.1 M NaCl salt leads to a change in the growth dynamics of the bubble ensemble, since small bubbles are not able to float to the surface, due to the prevalence of viscous and vibrational forces over buoyancy force.
On the Inherent Polycrystal Stress Concentration
Authors: Gulin V V , Nikitin A D
Published: June 2021

When analyzing the structural integrity of a material or structural part, the mechanics of continuous media is traditionally used with the concept of the homogeneity and isotropy of material properties; with this approach, the fracture criteria are related to the integral characteristics of the material and are described by the invariants of the stress tensor. However, this approach does not consider the physical aspects of the occurrence of local areas of plastic deformation, which ultimately means the impossibility of predicting the fracture, and, consequently, the resource of the structure. This is especially evident in the conditions of cyclic loading, when the material can fail at stresses well below the traditional «fatigue limit». In the current work, an approach is proposed that allows to save traditional methods of design and resource forecasting by expanding the scale of modeling. The paper introduces the concept of inherent stress concentration in any structurally heterogeneous medium as its inherent attribute. A universal algorithm for determining this characteristic is presented.
Experimental Study of the Acoustic Pressure Distribution in a Sonochemical Reactor
Authors: Kuchinskiy M , Lyubimova T , Rybkin K , Fattalov O
Published: June 2021

The work is devoted to an experimental study of the main parameters of the acoustic flow that occurs in a liquid under the influence of an ultrasound source (US) with a frequency of 1.7 MHz. To study the type of emerging currents, the method of tracer and fluorescence imaging was used; the distribution of relative acoustic pressure was found using a vibration sensor; to measure the intensity of cavitation events, thermocouple measurements were used. Experiments have shown that an increase in the concentration of the NaCl salt in the water solution reduces the intensity of vibrations when the sensor is removed from the ultrasonic source. The maximum intensity of cavitation events also changes its position, moving to the area near the ultrasonic source. Thus, the effect of an increase in the salt concentration on the type of flow in a sonochemical reactor was noted, which was also experimentally recorded in the work using light-reflecting particles.
Controlling the Vibration Amplitude of a System with a Piezoelectric Element by Applying an Electric Voltage to it
Authors: Oshmarin Dmitrii A , Iurlov Maksim A , Iurlova Nataliia A , Sevodina Natalia V
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the mechanical response of an electro-viscoelastic structure if an electric voltage with given characteristics supplied to a piezoelectric element attached to the surface of the structure. A cantilever plate made of a viscoelastic material is considered as a structure under study. The amplitude of displacements of the free end of the plate in resonance modes occurring at forced steady-state vibrations is considered as the mechanical response. Excitation of vibrations is realized by a harmonic movement applied to the clamped end of the plate. The control of the mechanical response within the framework of this work is supposed to be performed by supplying an electric signal to the piezoelectric element. This signal changes harmonically and has the form of a potential difference which changes according to a harmonic law. The magnitude of the vibration amplitude of the structure is determined numerically by the finite element method implemented in the ANSYS software package. The viscoelastic properties of the plate material are described according to the relations of hereditary theory of viscoelasticity in terms of complex dynamic moduli. Within the framework of this work, the relations between the mechanical response of the structure and the magnitude and polarity of the electric voltage applied to the piezoelectric element were obtained. It is shown that by a proper selection of the characteristics of the electric voltage, it is possible to control the magnitude of the amplitude of forced steady-state vibrations.
The Action of an Electromagnetic Force on an Elongated Inclusion in an Electrically Conductive Liquid
Authors: Ozernykh Vladimir S , Kolesnichenko Ilya V
Published: June 2021

The impact on the molten metal with electromagnetic forces makes it possible to create specific flows in the metal, which, in turn, are able to concentrate particles of inclusions in a given area, from where they can be removed mechanically. In this case, it is important to determine the shape of the inclusions, which will provide the best efficiency of impact on them with electromagnetic forces. The use of such an effect is possible in the process of crystallization (transfer of partially crystallized small regions of the metal), as well as during the separation of impurities from liquid metals using electromagnetic forces.

The work is devoted to a numerical study of the features of the effect of electromagnetic forces on inclusions (in shape that differs from spherical) in an electrically conductive medium.
On Malleability of Rhenium at Room Temperature
Authors: Panfilov Peter , Zaytsev Dmitry , Panfilov Gleb P. , Milenina Irina , Yermakov Alexander
Published: June 2021

The problem of the malleability of rhenium at room temperature is discussed. It has shown that rhenium manufactured by the mean of the electron beam melting is able to the mechanical treatment by rolling at room temperature. The primary condition for mechanical treatment is the minor share of the tensile stress in the processing scheme. It suppresses the grain boundary sliding in a coarse-grained workpiece of this refractory HCP-metal.
Experimental Study of the Flow Structure Stability on the Bubble Surface
Authors: Shmyrova Anastasia , Shmyrov Andrey
Published: June 2021

The results of the flow structure visualization experiments conducted on the surface of a single bubble streamlined by uniform flow are presented. It is shown that, at certain critical values for bubble size, flow velocity, and contamination level, the axial symmetry of the surface flow loses its stability in a threshold manner, and the first instability mode in the form of two vortices appears. Below the threshold, the stationary flow on the bubble surface is impossible. The experimental results indicate that the assumption about the axial symmetry of the motion on the bubble surface containing surfactants, which is used in most theoretical and numerical studies, is invalid. Analysis of the results has revealed the most likely reason for the spiral form of the trajectory in the problem of a small rising bubble in the surrounding fluid. For the surfactant-free surface realized in the experiments with isopropyl alcohol, the rising trajectory was a straight line, and no vortex structures were observed on the bubble surface. In the experiments with water, a spiral rising trajectory was observed, and the first instability mode was formed on the bubble surface.
Pulse Related Changes in Electrical Impedance of Blood Vessels: Physical, Experimental and Modelling Aspects
Authors: Zuev A L , Shakirov N N , Sudakov A I , Ju Mishlanov V
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of studies directed toward the determination of physical mechanisms and causal factors responsible for variations in the electrical impedance of the cardiovascular system. Experiments were carried out using the original hydrodynamic apparatus modelling different hemodynamic conditions, i.e., a pulsatile flow in a blood vessel of variable diameter, ramified pulmonary blood flows and the function of a cardiac valve. Computer-assisted signal processing techniques provided measurements of the active and capacitive components of the electrical conductivity with an error not exceeding 0.1%. Impedance values were analyzed for different vessel size and geometry, flow rate, temperature, concentration of ionic and dielectric components in some model biological fluids at different frequencies of the probing alternating current. It has been found that bioimpedance oscillations can be mainly attributed to the local modulations of the diameter of blood vessels such as the function of cardiac valves.
Artificial Intelligence Vision Based on Computer Digital Technology in 3D Image Colour Processing
Authors: Zhang Tianshuang , Ma Yunfeng
Published: June 2021

Based on computer digital technology, the paper first uses the method of non-equal interval quantization to quantize the pixels in the 3D image, and introduces the artificial intelligence vision technology HSV colour space to construct the feature vector formula after non-equal interval quantization to calculate the difference between the two images the final distance between. Experiments have shown that the algorithm has better robustness to changes in light intensity while maintaining the lower number of quantized bins in the Tahoun algorithm. At the same time, the algorithm can effectively reduce 3D colours, with better visual effects, and better than the original. The interference of images with large differences on the search results improves the recall rate of the image library used in the experiment.
Train the Neural Network by Abstract Images
Authors: Yang Liqun , Liu Yan , Zeng Wei , Yang Yijun
Published: June 2021

Like the textbook for students’ learning, the training data plays a significant role in the network’s training. In most cases, people intend to use big-data to train the network, which leads to two problems. Firstly, the knowledge learned by the network is out of control. Secondly, the space occupation of big-data is huge. In this paper, we use the concepts-based knowledge visualization [33] to visualize the knowledge learned by the model. Based on the observation results and information theory, we make three conjectures about the key information provided by the dataset. Finally, we use experiments to prove that the artificial abstracted data can be used in networks’ training, which can solve the problem mentioned above. The experiment is designed based on Mask-RCNN, which is used to detect and classify three typical human poses on the construction site.
An Improved Fully Convolutional Network for Semantic Segmentation
Authors: Wang Gaihua , Wan Xizhou , Zheng Xu , Guo Zhao
Published: June 2021

A novel loss function based on category distribution for semantic segmentation is proposed in this paper. The new loss function is composed of two parts: (1) Pixel-wise cross-entropy. (2) Category distribution loss proposed. Most of existing semantic segmentation networks adopt a single pixel-wise cross-entropy loss function, which guides the network to independently predict the class each pixel belongs to. The downside is that ignoring global information of the image -- the distribution of all kinds of objects in the image, resulting in an unsatisfactory segmentation result. Category distribution loss proposed in this paper obtins category distribution information of the whole image by calculating the percentage of pixels to each class of objets. Acquired category distribution information can be represented as a feature vector, the distance of two vectors between prediction and ground truth forms category distribution loss. The new loss function measures the difference between pixels as well as the difference between global information. We apply the new loss to several classical networks, its pixel accuracy and mIoU accuracy on two benchmark datasets CamVid and Pascal VOC2012 are improved compared to using only pixel-wise cross-entropy. In addition, we also introduced the attention mechanism, which proved to be able to improve segmentation accuracy of the networks as well.
Research and application of cable pipeline robot for underground pipeline 3D simulation technology
Authors: Li Qian , Fang Yongyi , Liu Baoan , Xing Kun , Wang Lijun , Qian Hengjian
Published: June 2021

In this paper, an underground cable intelligent pipeline detection robot is designed for the collection of pipeline position information. First of all, its mechanical structure is developed. In addition, the research of operation control algorithm is discussed. Finally, the digital image and pipeline space coordinate acquisition and communication methods are studied. In the design stage, the design scheme of each module is first determined and researched, designed and improved; then the integration and verification are carried out; finally, the field test and improvement are carried out; the prototype is produced and operated after meeting the conditions of trial operation, and the operation data are actively collected for improvement and improvement.
Research on Ship Arrival Law Based on Route Matching and Deep Learning
Authors: Pan Nian , Ding Yan , Fu Jia , Wang Jiwei , Zheng Hao
Published: June 2021

Maritime transportation has always been the most important mode of transportation in international trade. With the deepening development of economic globalization, the scale of international trade, which is the core content of economic globalization, is also expanding, and the shipping industry is also developing greatly. In this paper, aiming at improving the operation efficiency of container terminals, AIS data is used as the research basis to predict the arrival time of ships and reduce the uncertainty of arrival time of ships, so as to provide support for the construction of smart ports. The transitive closure method based on equivalence relation is used to fuzzy cluster the routes to be matched and the historical routes used for matching, and the optimal route matching is realized by cutting set selection. At the same time, the navigation trajectory features based on AIS data are constructed, and the RNN-LSTM (Recurrent Neural Networks-Long Short-Term Memory) model is proposed by using the characteristics of deep learning and time series.The results show that the RNN-LSTM ship trajectory prediction model based on deep learning can achieve excellent prediction results and provide technical support for intelligent transportation at sea.
Research on Visual Communication Graphic Design Information System Based on Computer Simulation
Authors: Ying Yu , Yue Sun
Published: June 2021

The article is based on the basic theories of computer graphic image design and visual communication design, combined with the historical background, tasks, creative rules, educational methods, involved fields and thinking styles of computer visual communication design. Combining the needs of visual communication graphic design, the paper designs a graphic design visual aesthetics computer-aided analysis system based on design geometry, which realizes the import of graphic design works, the interactive segmentation and acquisition of design elements, and the analysis and judgment of the relationship between proportion and composition. And other basic functions. The system can be used to judge the visual aesthetics of design works and can also provide design support related to geometric aesthetic principles to users engaged in graphic design.
Research on Defect Classification and Detection Technology of Image Processing Collected by Computer
Authors: Luo Xiaojing , Cai Guangxing
Published: June 2021

The paper uses median filter computer algorithms to detect and classify machine component image defects using image processing, pattern recognition and machine vision theories. In the experiment, automatic extraction of defect images and minimization of defect images are completed to reduce processing volume and storage space requirements, and automatically determine defect categories. The article processes the collected defect images, and the experimental results prove that the method can correctly realize the detection of track surface defects and has certain applicability.
Virtual Reality Modelling of Garden Geography and Geology Based on 3D Modelling Technology
Authors: Zhang Qiumin
Published: June 2021

The work of 3D garden geo-geological modelling is very tedious and complicated, in order to reduce the labour intensity of the operators and improve the visualization effect of the model. This article proposes a method for 3D stratum visualization based on the combination of limited Delaunay triangulation and OpenGL. We can use the limited triangulation algorithm to generate stratum surface triangulations with any boundary shape, any size, or with multiple holes. At the same time, the paper uses OpenGL’s object picking mechanism to realize the visualization management of drilling data and human-computer interaction stratum modelling. Finally, we applied the model to garden geology, and the results showed that the system can quickly and accurately construct a three-dimensional model of the stratum. At the same time, the model realizes the three-dimensional visualization processing of garden geology.
Research on Physical Phenomenological Innovation Technology in Virtual Reality Movies
Authors: Li Moyang
Published: June 2021

From the perspective of physical phenomenology, the experience of the experiencer in the virtual reality space is not only achieved by external technical means. The key to the experience of the experience is the operation of the “body field“. This process involves three important roles: body space, body intentionality, and body habits. Based on phenomenological theory, virtual reality technology has been widely used in genres of science fiction, magic and other themes, making movies more appealing. Based on body phenomenology, this article discusses the application of virtual reality technology in the design mode of movie scenes.
Study on Aluminium Alloy Bumper of Benchmark Car Using LS-DYNA Simulation Analysis on In-Flight Collision
Authors: Su Jintao , Lou Jianping , Jiang Xiaolu
Published: June 2021

At present, aluminum bumper has been used in the field of passenger cars. In order to provide technical reference for the aluminum alloy bumper to be developed, and to better develop the aluminum alloy bumper, this project analyzes the material and process of an existing aluminum alloy bumper from the perspective of mechanical properties, material composition, and the connection method between each component. Through crushing, static pressure, collision test and simulation technology, the performance of aluminum alloy bumper of benchmarking car is analyzed.
Research on Working Target Detection of Bulldozer Based on Binocular Vision
Authors: Li Mingchun , Dong Quancheng , Xing Renpeng , Cao Shukun , Sun Xuan , Ma Changchun
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the problem of bad working environment of bulldozer in landfill, this paper presents a target detection method suitable for autonomous working bulldozer. Firstly, the working environment information was obtained by the binocular camera, the maximum inter-class variance method was used to remove the sky background by binarization of the image, and the color component of the ground was extracted from the HSV color space and converted into a binarization image. The absolute value of the difference between the two binarization images was the approximate area of the working target. Then the binocular camera was calibrated and the feature points were detected and matched in the target area. The parallax was obtained by triangulation principle to obtain the depth information of the target. The experimental results show that the method can correctly extract the depth information of the target area and target, and the accuracy is high, which can meet the requirements of the bulldozer in the landfill for target detection.
Research on multi-sensor data fusion algorithm for unmanned vehicles under extreme conditions
Authors: Zhang Ruiqi
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the problem of insufficient accuracy in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping of vehicle robot using a single sensor in extreme environment scenes, according to the characteristics of the sensors, a method of fusing the data of lidar and inertial sensors is proposed, the vehicle robot system is designed, and the positioning principle of lidar and inertial sensor is elaborated. Two data fusion algorithms, weighted fusion and Kalman filter, are mainly studied, and the experiments prove that the Kalman filter algorithm has higher positioning accuracy.
Research and Implementation of Deep Learning Counter Attack Defense Strategy
Authors: Chang Zhuonan
Published: June 2021

In recent years, deep learning technology has made excellent achievements in many fields, such as computer vision, natural language processing, and speech processing. More and more related applications have appeared, which has brought a lot of convenience to people’s lives. However, while deep learning performs well, it also has the flaws in being vulnerable. The attack method can make the deep learning model make wrong judgments by adding some small disturbances to the input samples. This brings huge security issues to deep learn applications At present, there have been many research results from defense against attacks. This article first analyzes a variety of classic adversarial attack methods in detail, and classifies these attack methods according to their attack scope. The differences and common points are abstract from the classification, and it is found that there are sensitive points in the counter disturbance, and the fluctuation of the sensitive points affects the classification of the deep learning model. Inspired by this, we propose a defense strategy that only filters sensitive points in the adversarial sample, avoiding the processing of non-sensitive points, reducing calculations, and improving efficiency.
Research on Improving Kinematics Equation of Traditional Orbit Parameters Based on Orbital Dynamics
Authors: Gong Yanxiang
Published: June 2021

Complex space missions have higher and higher requirements for orbit representation, orbit prediction and orbit control. Traditional orbit parameters have many shortcomings in orbit representation and orbit extrapolation. From the point of view of improving the shortcomings of traditional orbital parameters, this paper analyzes several groups of orbital parameters including unit quaternions. Based on a group of quaternion orbital elements composed of unit quaternion and vector parameters such as radial distance, radial velocity and angular momentum, the orbital dynamics and kinematics equations are derived, and the transformation relationship between quaternion orbital elements and traditional orbital parameters is given. The simulation example proves the effectiveness of improving the traditional kinematic equation method of orbit parameters.
Application of Satellite Remote Sensing Technology on Electrified Railway Network Greening Engineering
Authors: Zhou Hang , Cao Tingting
Published: June 2021

As the awareness of development of ecological civilization continues to strengthened, public expectations for landscape greening along the railway have gradually increased. The railway landscape greening has multiple functions of safety, environmental protection and aesthetics. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively combine the characteristics of the local area’s natural ecology, custom and culture. To reflect the corresponding key points in the landscape greening design process, and apply the scientific greening concept to the engineering design.
Optimal Control Method for Reconstruction of Geometric Optical Transmission Characteristic Data
Authors: Xiao Gengyi
Published: June 2021

Geometrical optical projection three-dimensional profile measurement has the advantages of non-contact, non-destructive, and fast data acquisition. Its measurement system is the most promising kind of macro-optical profiler. The thesis analyzes the laser light source image acquisition and image processing, designs the tomographic image reconstruction and three-dimensional image display experimental system of the imaging system, and conducts theoretical analysis of its imaging theory, imaging quality and imaging error. At the same time, the paper uses compressed sensing algorithm (CS) to reconstruct and optimize the transmission data, and realize the analysis of the transmission characteristics of geometric optics.
Technical Analysis of the Station Equipment IOT Management System
Authors: Jin Hui , He Zhixin , Liu Liping , Huang Qiang , Jia Jingkun , Chen Xiaoli
Published: June 2021

Traditional BAS systems in subway stations have problems such as inflexible deployment, high implementation costs, weak edge computing capabilities, and low integration, which are not conducive to the realization of convenience and intelligence. In response to the problems of the traditional BAS system, Guangzhou Railway Institute designed and applied a brand-new station equipment IOT management system. This article first analyzes the overall technology of the new system. In addition, the article also shows the hardware and software and core applications of the new system. Finally, the article describes the characteristics and main benefits of the new system.
Mathematical Modeling and Experimentation of Airflow Disturbance in Tramcar-roadway System
Authors: Si Junhong , Li Lin , Wang Yiqiao , Cheng Genyin , Shao He
Published: June 2021

This paper analyzes the variation law of equivalent air resistance in a mine car-roadway system, establishes the index system of influencing factors of airflow disturbance. Using experimental system of mine ventilation simulation, the characteristics of air supply of the roadway, blocking coefficient and disturbance of air resistance in roadway are studied. Furthermore, the mathematical model for calculating the equivalent disturbance air resistance is built in the different tramcar positions. The result shows that the tramcar-roadway system has a positive disturbance effect when the tramcar’s speed is greater than the air velocity of the roadway, and it is equivalent to air regulation by addition of pressure of the mine ventilation system. The negative disturbance effect is equivalent to air regulation by addition of resistance. It has the stronger disturbance effect if the air velocity or the roadway section is small. The maximum disturbance variation of air resistance occurs at the moment while the tramcar mine car enters or leaves the roadway. The error between the mathematical model and the measured data is 8.12 %. The research results can provide theoretical basis for intelligent regulation of mine ventilation system.
Study on the Evaluation System of Forest Ecological Protection Using Big Data Technology and Adaptive Fuzzy Logic System
Authors: Yin Chujie , Pan Wenbin
Published: June 2021

This paper takes Hunan Forest Botanical Garden as the research object, and selects 23 indicators from three criterion levels--the regional environmental quality, developing conditions and the characteristic value of scenic spot, to evaluate the ecological tourism development potential. Analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight of each index, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is also applied to evaluate the three criterion levels and the ecological tourism development potential. The results show that the score of ecological tourism development potential of Hunan Forest Botanical Garden is 8.7344, which represents a direction of development from “good” to “great”; the score of regional environmental quality is 9.4038, the highest score among the three criterion levels. It is suggested that the scenic area should maintain its own advantages, enhance tourism characteristics, and strengthen the construction of ecological civilization to promote the in-depth development of ecotourism.
Research on User Operation of High-density Entity Interactive Target Quantitative Simulation Interface
Authors: Wu Fengnan
Published: June 2021

The paper determines the general cognitive model of people in visual information search, and summarizes the basic design criteria that conform to the user’s cognitive model. Under the premise of the consistency of user needs, we disassemble and analyse each step of the user interaction process through the tool visualization simulation model, find out the user’s inner cognitive law under the guidance of different interfaces, and discuss the interface layout the impact of the difference on the user’s search time. The study found that through the numerical comparison of the experiment combined with the simulation analysis of Cog Tool and the target interaction experiment, the intrinsic cognitive law of the user in the interaction process was extracted. Therefore, we can conclude that the design guidelines for interface layout proposed in the paper can help art designers improve the efficiency of information cognition.
Automated Method for Solid State Nuclear Track Measurements
Authors: Pan Yi , Qiu Lei
Published: June 2021

Solid state nuclear track detection technology is an important nuclear technology based on the measurement of track density and geometric parameters, but manual measurement is difficult to ensure the accuracy and efficiency. Aiming at the uneven brightness, low contrast and noise pollution of nuclear track images, this paper proposes a method of acquisition, brightness correction, de-noising filter, target segmentation, boundary extraction, recognition of solid nuclear track image, and finally obtaining the geometric characteristic parameters of nuclear track, which improves the accuracy and efficiency of nuclear track parameter measurement.
Efficient Byzantine Defense Algorithm for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Chen Ze , Wu Jun
Published: June 2021

Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) is a process of achieving spatial diversity gain to make global decision for cognitive radio networks (CRNs). However, the accuracy of the global decision effects owing to the presence of Byzantine during cooperative sensing, therefore causing severe performance degradation of CSS. In front of malicious users (MUs) launching Byzantine attack, a robust defense framework is proposed to defend against Byzantine attack and improve the efficiency of the CSS. For this aim, a novelty weighted single symbol (WSS) algorithm based on the reputation value update mechanism and the single symbol report method is proposed in this paper. We first propose a defense framework based on the reputation value distribution. In order to ensure the accuracy of Byzantine identification, we further evaluate the reputation value of secondary users (SUs)’ reports by mean of data transmission consistency verification. Moreover, the single symbol report method is utilized to improve the efficiency of Byzantine defense algorithm and reduce the report sample size. Finally, a series of mathematical analyses prove that the proposed defense framework improves the efficiency of CSS under Byzantine attacks.
ECG Signal Processing and Human State Detection Based on Wearable Electrodes
Authors: Bohan Cui , Yang Hongliu
Published: June 2021

Detection and Recognition of a human’s continuous states in real time plays an important role in wearable devices. We present an approach for heart rhythm recognition and human status detection through the analysis of ECG signal. The algorithm is comprised of four components, including noise removal, QRS-P-T wave detection, features extraction and human states classification. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is applied for random background noise removal. “Moving Integral – Changing Slope” method is used to determine the location of QRS complex waves and other characteristic waves of ECG signal. Time interval, location, amplitude, area of characteristic waves and coefficients of the transform as the features of each ECG segment are input into support vector machine (SVM) so that the machine can judge the states of the human body. Finally, we develop a single-lead ECG delineation wearable system to collect data from 30 users of different ages and human body states for experimental verification. Our evaluation shows that this method can accurately detect different states of the human body in real time. In the future, it can be implemented on wearable devices to assist real-time physiological status monitoring or customized health planning.
Electrohydrodynamic lubrication model in point contacts with consideration of surface coating
Authors: Ma Mingfei , Wang Wen
Published: June 2021

An electrohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model in point contacts with consideration of surface coating is presented. The disturbance displacement caused by the coating on the surfaces is calculated using the finite element method (FEM). The effects of coating’s hardness and thickness on oil film pressure, thickness, and subsurface von Mises stresses are investigated. The results show that hard coating causes a significant increase in the oil film pressure, while soft coating has the opposite effect. A significant stress concentration occurs at the subsurface when there is a hard coating. And when the thickness of the coating reaches a certain value, the subsurface stress reaches its maximum. While when there is a soft coating, the maximum stress on the subsurface is slightly reduced.
Air water intake device based on heat slow-release system
Authors: Yu Bingqing , Zhang Renfei
Published: June 2021

In the arid desert regions of the northwest, fresh water is extremely scarce. But in the desert area’s early morning, the day and night temperature are very different, and the air relative humidity will also reach the peak in the day at this time. In this paper, we plan to design an air water intake device in arid area. By using bionics, combining with the traditional water mist water intake method and chimney effect, we design a water intake device to direct the air with high humidity to extract water effectively. The heat release system is designed by using the heat absorption and exothermic characteristics of the phase change energy storage material under the influence of the temperature difference between day and night.
Simulation Research on Three-point Contact Outside Diameter Online Measuring Device
Authors: Song Peilong , Hu Lai , Chen Yaolong
Published: June 2021

In the grinding process of workpiece, because the grinding wheel will produce wear, it is difficult to control the machining accuracy of the workpiece by the grinder itself. Using radial measuring instrument to measure the size of the workpiece in real time, detect the change of the size of the workpiece, and guide the adjustment of grinding parameters can improve the production efficiency of the grinder and reduce the machining cost. It is an important link in the grinding process of the grinder. Different from the traditional two-point contact on-line measurement technology of outer diameter, this paper designs and develops a set of three-point contact on-line measurement device of outer diameter based on the principle of bow height and chord length. In the measuring process, two fixed probes and one displacement sensing probe are in contact with the outer diameter of the workpiece at the same time, and the on-line measurement of the outer diameter of the workpiece is realized by solving the positional relationship among the three probes. In order to explore the force-measuring extrusion deformation of the device in the measuring process, this paper simulates and analyzes the three-point contact on-line measuring device for outer diameter.
Research on the Design of Automatic Testing Software for Modular Terminal Full Performance
Authors: Zhu Wenjun , Wang Xingang , Huang Ruili , She Juan , Zhou Qiang , Shan Zhaoguo
Published: June 2021

Design the terminal full-performance automatic detection system software to realize the functional logic test of the actual table and the virtual table. The detection system is aimed at the detection of collection terminals. The system software is compatible with multiple protocols and supports system expansion. The automatic detection system adopts a multi-layer technical system design, through the service bus to realize the collaborative work of the components of the system, and realize the integration of all levels. The control terminal is connected with the collection terminal under test to simulate the communication situation. The inspection software supports business process testing, logic validity testing, performance limit testing and equipment compatibility testing. The designed automatic detection system software has the characteristics of low coupling, high flexibility, high scalability, and high reliability.
Influence of Intercluster Connection Mode on Cluster Network Synchronization
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Zhihui
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the cluster network composed of BA scale-free network, this paper proposes two one-way driving inter-cluster interconnection methods. One inter-cluster interconnection method is connected to the generous node of the driven sub-network, referred to as BDN mode. The other is a small node connected to the driven subnet, referred to as SDN mode. Using the second eigenvalue and the synchronization dynamics to compare the synchronization capabilities of cluster networks in different inter-cluster interconnection modes, it is found that the cluster networks interconnected by BDN mode have stronger synchronization capabilities.