bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical Image of the Month: COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis in a Post-Liver Transplant Patient
Authors:   Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India, P Anandajith , Mohamed Zubair , Balakrishnan Dinesh , Sudhindran S
Published: October 2021

No abstract available. Article truncated after first 150 words. A previously healthy, 48-year-old woman, admitted with a working diagnosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure (Grade III) secondary to an autoimmune etiology, was found to be SARS COV-2 RTPCR positive on routine admission screening. She was initially managed with standard medical care for COVID, including steroids. She required invasive ventilation for worsening encephalopathy and when her antigen test was negative 10 days later, she underwent an urgent liver transplantation. Her preoperative infection screen (culture of blood, bronchoalveolar lavage, urine) was negative and computerized tomography (CT) of the chest was normal (Figure 1). She was extubated on day 3 after liver transplantation. Her recovery was uneventful until the 10th postoperative day when she developed cough and desaturation. A repeat CT chest showed multiple multilobular consolidatory nodules with central breakdown involving both lung (Figure 2). Her bronchoalveolar lavage culture grew Aspergillus fumigatus (azole sensitive) which fulfilled criteria for proven COVID-19 Associated pulmonary aspergillosis …
The Conspicuousness of High Endothelial Venules in Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma Is Due to Increased Cross-sectional Area, Not Increased Distribution Density
Authors: Kogami Akiya , Fukushima Mana , Hoshino Hitomi , Komeno Takuya , Okoshi Tadakazu , Murahashi Masataka , Akama Tomoya O. , Mitoma Junya , Ohtani Haruo , Kobayashi Motohiro
Published: October 2021

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a T-cell lymphoma of follicular helper T-cell origin. Histologically, neoplastic T-cells proliferate to form clusters adjacent to or between arborizing high endothelial venules (HEVs). HEVs in normal lymph nodes express sulfated glycans called peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd); however, it remains unclear whether PNAd is also expressed on HEVs in AITL. Furthermore, although it is widely accepted that HEVs are conspicuous in AITL due to their proliferation, quantitative histological support for this concept is lacking. To investigate these issues, we employed monoclonal antibodies recognizing PNAd, namely, MECA-79, HECA-452, and 297-11A, and performed quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of HEVs in 36 AITL-affected and 67 normal lymph nodes. Staining with all three antibodies confirmed that AITL HEVs express PNAd. Moreover, AITL HEVs were bound calcium-dependently by L-selectin-IgM fusion proteins, indicating that they function in the recruitment of L-selectin-expressing lymphocytes. Unexpectedly, HEV distribution density was not increased but rather decreased in AITL compared with normal lymph nodes, but HEV cross-sectional area in AITL was significantly greater than that seen in normal lymph nodes. Overall, these results indicate that the prominence of AITL HEVs is likely due to increased cross-sectional area rather than increased distribution density.
Smart testing and critical care bed sharing for COVID-19 control
Authors: Silva Paulo J. S. , Pereira Tiago , Sagastizábal Claudia , Nonato Luis , Cordova Marcelo M. , Struchiner Claudio J.
Published: October 2021

During the early months of the current COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing measures effectively slowed disease transmission in many countries in Europe and Asia, but the same benefits have not been observed in some developing countries such as Brazil. In part, this is due to a failure to organise systematic testing campaigns at nationwide or even regional levels. To gain effective control of the pandemic, decision-makers in developing countries, particularly those with large populations, must overcome difficulties posed by an unequal distribution of wealth combined with low daily testing capacities. The economic infrastructure of these countries, often concentrated in a few cities, forces workers to travel from commuter cities and rural areas, which induces strong nonlinear effects on disease transmission. In the present study, we develop a smart testing strategy to identify geographic regions where COVID-19 testing could most effectively be deployed to limit further disease transmission. By smart testing we mean the testing protocol that is automatically designed by our optimization platform for a given time period, knowing the available number of tests, the current availability of ICU beds and the initial epidemiological situation. The strategy uses readily available anonymised mobility and demographic data integrated with intensive care unit (ICU) occupancy data and city-specific social distancing measures. Taking into account the heterogeneity of ICU bed occupancy in differing regions and the stages of disease evolution, we use a data-driven study of the Brazilian state of Sao Paulo as an example to show that smart testing strategies can rapidly limit transmission while reducing the need for social distancing measures, even when testing capacity is limited.
Idem in me. Legión, familia y sociedad en el occidente romano
Authors: López Casado Roberto
Published: October 2021

Tomando como base la documentación epigráfica, esta obra aborda la figura del legionario romano y su entorno social en las provincias occidentales del Imperio (Hispania, Gallia y Britannia) durante los siglos altoimperiales. A través del estudio de los monumentos epigráficos que recogen estructuras sociales, el autor analiza las relaciones creadas por los legionarios en estas provincias, resaltando factores políticos, sociales y militares, tanto a nivel provincial como a nivel imperial, que incidieron en la formación de dichos vínculos. Además de ahondar en los aspectos sociales, este trabajo profundiza igualmente en los aspectos onomásticos, demográficos, jurídicos, militares o religiosos de los individuos presentes en las inscripciones, los verdaderos protagonistas de la historia.
Actinomycetes of secondary metabolite producers from mangrove sediments, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Setyati Wilis Ari , Pringgenies Delianis , Soenardjo Nirwani , Pramesti Rini
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim: Actinomycetes are a group of Gram-positive bacteria with a fungus-like morphology. Their natural habitat encompasses terrestrial and water areas, including mangrove ecosystems. This study aimed to assess the PKS and NRPS genes as the producers of secondary metabolites and to determine the target bacterial species using molecular DNA tests.

Materials and Methods: In this study, we isolated bacteria from sediment samples from mangrove forests located on Karimunjawa Islands and in Semarang city, purified bacteria, screened for antibacterial activity, extracted bacterial DNA, amplified the NRPS gene, detected and amplified the PKS-I and PKS-II genes, amplified and sequenced the 16S rRNA, processed molecular data, and simulated a map of secondary metabolite producing genes.

Results: Samples from the Karimunjawa Islands yielded 19 bacterial isolates, whereas samples from Semarang yielded 11 bacterial isolates after culture in different media. Further experiments identified three active isolates, which were termed PN.SB.6.2, S.SK.6.3, and S.SK.7.1, against pathogenic species of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Isolate PN.SB.6.2 was determined to possess three biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), whereas the remaining two isolates, S.SK.6.3 and S.SK.7.1, only possessed two BGCs, namely, NRPS and PKS II.

Conclusion: Products were estimated to be in the NRPS, thiopeptide, RiPP-like, siderophore, betalactone, terpene, Type III PKS, CDPS, and lassopeptide groups. DNA identification of the isolates found three species of actinomycetes with antibacterial potential, namely, Virgibacillus salaries, Bacillus licheniformis, and Priestia flexa.
Promiske Sexualität oder monogame Beziehung?
Authors: Lehne Adrian , Springmann Veronika
Published: October 2021

A question that was and remains central to the history of homosexualities is how relationships and sexuality are interlinked. Through discussions around heteronormative relationship norms, the West German gay1 (liberation/rights) movement engaged in heated debates around the question of how sexuality could and should be lived out. This article outlines that debate, starting with the release of Rosa von Praunheim’s film »Nicht der Homosexuelle ist pervers, sondern die Situation, in der er lebt« (»It Is Not the Homosexual Who Is Perverse, But the Society in Which He Lives«; 1971) and proceeding to examine the convulsions of the AIDS crisis. As the debate went on, its focus shif ted from morality to responsibility as the central topic. The increasing visibility of lived sexuality brought about by AIDS and the development of safer sex in reaction to HIV/AIDS in particular contributed to establishing the concept of responsible sexuality. This concept could in turn be positioned against a coupling of relationship and sexuality predicated on moral imperatives.
»Schnitt im Kopf«
Authors: Althaus Andrea , Janett Mirjam , Streuli Jürg , Gobet Rita , Condrau Flurin
Published: October 2021

In the second half of the twentieth century, the Zurich Children’s Hospital (Kispi) developed into an internationally renowned treatment center for »intersexuality.« Children with ambiguous body-sexual characteristics were given there a clearly male or female identification by means of surgical interventions and/or hormone therapies. This study examines the question of how medical and family communication shaped the (narrated) experience of »intersex« treatments. Our analysis is based on nine oral history interviews with former Kispi patients. We show that communication in connection with the treatments was semi-tabooing and directive. We discuss the mode of communication in its social and medical-historical conditions (tabooing of the clitoris and »intersex,« paternalistic relationship between doctors and patients, concealment of »intersex« diagnoses as a doctrine), examine its biographical effects (ignorance of one’s own body, feelings of shame, stigmatization) and address individual processing strategies (breaking taboos, acquisition of knowledge).
Dental use of cone beam computed tomography in pediatric embolized arteriovenous maxillofacial malformation
Authors: Olszewski Raphael , Theys Stéphanie
Published: October 2021

Objective: Pediatric facial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare but can cause potentially fatal hemorrhages during dental procedures and oral surgery. In this article we present a systematic review of the medical open access literature on pediatric facial AVM.

Case report: We illustrate our purpose with clinical dental use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in pediatric embolized facial AVM to define the presence and the position of the right upper impacted canine.

Conclusions: We advocate the use of CBCT as additional imaging tool in the follow-up of pediatric dentomaxillofacial AVM, and for depiction of dentoalveolar structures that are inaccessible by conventional dental radiography.
Daily Field Observations of Retrogressive Thaw Slump Dynamics in the Canadian High Arctic
Authors: Ward Jones Melissa K. , Pollard Wayne H.
Published: October 2021

With observed increases in retrogressive thaw slump (RTS) number, rates, and size in recent decades, there is a need to understand these highly dynamic landforms as they impact surrounding ecosystems and infrastructure. There is a general lack of detailed (e.g., daily) field observations of change in RTSs; we help fill this gap by monitoring three RTSs for much of the 2017 thaw period by setting up and tracking survey transects on a near daily basis. We correlated mean daily and cumulative retreat to mean daily air temperature (MDAT), total daily precipitation (TDP), and cumulative thawing degree days (TDD) using various polynomial regressions and Pearson correlation techniques. Our results show that July retreat was highly variable, and periods of increased RTS retreat did not always align with periods of increased air temperature. Also, multiple periods of increased retreat largely driven by sediment distribution in the RTS floor could occur within a single period of increased air temperature. Retreat rates decreased suddenly in early August, indicating a threshold of either air temperature, solar radiation or a combination of both must be reached for increased retreat rates. A statistically significant correlation was found between daily mean and mean cumulative retreat with MDAT (p > 0.001) and TDD (p > 0.001 and > 0.0001) but not with total daily precipitation. Correlating mean cumulative retreat and TDD using polynomial regression generated R2 values greater than 0.99 for all three sites. Both cumulative retreat and TDD account for past and current conditions, as well as lag responses, within the monitoring period. The high R2 values for the correlation of mean cumulative retreat and TDD suggest the potential for accurately modelling RTS retreat with minimal field data (air temperature and headwall position), however modelling is currently restricted to individual RTSs and only within short time scales. Monitoring RTSs on a daily scale allows RTS behaviour and trends to be identified that may be obscured at annual time scales and highlights the importance of all system inputs when considering RTS retreat dynamics.
Investigating Mimetics of a Peptide Derived from the Effector Domain of MARCKS as Possible Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Tschang Monica , Schachner Melitta
Published: October 2021

Like other conditions affecting the central nervous system, spinal cord injury (SCI) is difficult to treat with molecular therapies because the blood-brain barrier makes intravenous treatments largely ineffective. For example, a synthetic peptide chain derived from the effector domain (ED) of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) has been found to improve functional recovery after SCI in female mice; however, peptides do not always pass the blood-brain barrier and are easily degraded due to natural proteases and are excreted during kidney filtration. Therefore, the ED peptide cannot access the central nervous system to exhibit its effects if administered intravenously. Instead of injecting the ED peptide into the bloodstream, we propose to find compounds that can pass the blood-brain barrier in place of the ED peptide, improving treatment compatibility. To find such alternatives, we screened compound libraries via competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and identified five potential ED peptide mimetics—compounds that mimic the structure and function of the ED peptide. We then used another competitive ELISA to verify their structural similarity to the peptide. After performing toxicity tests to determine the appropriate concentrations of the mimetics to use in functional assays, we found that all five mimetics trigger a significant increase in neurite length in neurons from female mice, but not male mice, when compared to the vehicle control solution. Although more functional tests are necessary, these results suggest that these mimetics trigger ED peptide functions and may provide a more efficient treatment alternative for SCI.
Observing the Demographic Factors of Peer-Nominated Leaders in Urban Middle Schools
Authors: Daniel Simon , Wang Angela W. , Elias Maurice J.
Published: October 2021

This study investigated the relationship between adolescent students' gender and racial/ethnic backgrounds and their likelihood of being identified by their peers as having leadership qualities. A survey designed to gauge peer perceptions of leadership qualities was administered to 1003 middle school students from three diverse public middle schools in a Northeastern US city. The survey asked students to nominate as many students as possible who possess specific leadership characteristics. Female students consistently received more nominations across all survey items at two schools. This pattern was observed for five out of the ten survey items at the third school. At a school with a Hispanic majority, Hispanic students received more nominations for most survey items than Asian, Black, and White students. Additionally, at a school with a Black majority, Asian students received more nominations for all survey items compared to Black and Hispanic students and for nine survey items compared to White students. The results indicate that students' gender and schools' racial/ethnic composition may have some influence on peer perceptions of leadership. Furthermore, significant differences in how youths perceive leadership among peers of different backgrounds may be indicative of bias. Educators and administrators can use this information to make sure that students from marginalized backgrounds have opportunities to grow as leaders.
Gynostemium morphology and floral biology of Thottea duchartrei Sivar., A.Babu & Balach. (Aristolochiaceae), an endemic species from Western Ghats, India
Authors: Sayoojia K S , Sreekala A K , Shaiju P N
Published: October 2021

Gynostemium is a putative floral structure formed by the fusion of the male and female reproductive parts (stamens and carpels) through a process during its development called synorganization. Most of the Indian species of Thottea Rottb. have a prominent gynostemium in their floral architecture, with varying degrees of adnation and complexity. Even though the gynostemium is a significant taxonomic marker for the inter-specific systematics in Thottea, the scepticism and arguments on deciphering its morphology and functional parameters, including the existence of staminodes, makes it imperative to be examined in detail. The present study is the first attempt in this line which aims to explore the morphological characters of gynostemium and reproductive biology of Thottea duchartrei Sivar., A.Babu and Balach., an endemic species in the Western Ghats. Stereo zoom microscopy, SEM and reproductive biological studies were conducted providing special emphasis to the gynostemium. Detailed analysis revealed the structural and functional diversity of gynostemium with regard to its components. The study also helped to recognize the columnar outgrowths on the gynostemium as staminodes. In total, the present study helps to solve the confusions regarding the functional identity of the gynostemium T. duchartrei with regard to its morphology.
Study on hot deformation behavior and workability of stir-cast Al6063-6wt.% steel
p
based composites
Authors: Alaneme Kenneth Kanayo , Babalola Saheed Adeoye , Chown Lesley Heath , Maledi Nthabiseng Beauty , Bodunrin Michael Oluwatosin
Published: October 2021

Investigation on the hot deformability and workability of stir cast 6 wt.% steel particles reinforced aluminium 6063 matrix composites was undertaken in this study. Flow stress – strain curves generated from hot compression tests performed at strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 s−1, and temperatures between 200–400°C, were used to study the flow behavior of the composite, while processing map developed from analyses of the deformation data, was used to establish the deformation mechanisms and processing safe zones for effective workability. Flow stress oscillations were observed to be prevalent at lower deformation temperatures and strain rates; largely due to the settling of reinforcement particles at grain boundary vicinities, rather than a homogeneous distribution. Also, the flow behaviour was largely strain rate insensitive. The dominant flow mechanism based on the flow stress patterns, processing map and microstructural validation was established to be dynamic recovery. Safe regions for processing based on Murty's and Gegel's criteria established the safe processing zones to be ~270–400°C at 0.01–1.0 s−1 and 380–400°C at 10 s−1. Deformation processing was unsafe at 200–260°C at 0.01–1.0 s−1 and between 200–380°C at 1.0–10 s−1.
“Chunking” spoken language: Introducing weak cesuras
Authors: Barth-Weingarten Dagmar , Ogden Richard
Published: October 2021

In this introductory paper to the special issue on “Weak cesuras in talk-in-interaction”, we aim to guide the reader into current work on the “chunking” of naturally occurring talk. It is conducted in the methodological frameworks of Conversation Analysis and Interactional Linguistics – two approaches that consider the interactional aspect of humans talking with each other to be a crucial starting point for its analysis. In doing so, we will (1) lay out the background of this special issue (what is problematic about “chunking” talk-in-interaction, the characteristics of the methodological approach chosen by the contributors, the cesura model), (2) highlight what can be gained from such a revised understanding of “chunking” in talk-in-interaction by referring to previous work with this model as well as the findings of the contributions to this special issue, and (3) indicate further directions such work could take starting from papers in this special issue. We hope to induce a fruitful exchange on the phenomena discussed, across methodological divides.
„Feuerböcke“ der jüngeren Vorrömischen Eisenzeit im Milieu der Zarubincy-Kultur
Authors: Iarmulschi Vasile
Published: October 2021

Zu den Objekten aus Ton, die in den Siedlungen der Zarubincy-Kultur von Belii Grud und Litvinovič 3 gefunden wurden, gehören sog. Feuerböcke. Bislang sind lediglich zwei solcher Exemplare bekannt. Die Analogien zu diesen Exemplaren sind im Milieu der Poienești-Lucașeuca-Kultur – Borosești, Lunca Ciurei – sowie in Siedlungen des nördlichen Mitteleuropa, die in die Vorrömische Eisenzeit datiert werden – Bastrup, Hamburg-Volksdorf, Nowa Wieś, Ribe Amt usw. – zu verorten. Da die im nördlichen Mitteleuropa gefundenen Stücke älter sind, liegt der Ursprung der Feuerböcke wahrscheinlich im Norden.
Populismus als Untersuchungsfeld der Zeitgeschichte
Authors: Reitmayer Morten
Published: October 2021

Der Aufsatz diskutiert verschiedene Definitionen des Populismus aus der neuesten internationalen politik- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschungsliteratur. Er argumentiert gegen eine unreflektierte Übernahme der politikwissenschaftlichen Definitionen des Populismus, besonders da gegenwärtig konkurrierende Definitionen des Begriffs existieren: Einerseits gibt es eine einflussreiche Strömung, die den Populismus als eine schwache, „dünne“ Ideologie ansieht. Andererseits wird Populismus als eine Strategie zu Machtgewinn und Massenmobilisierung verstanden. Zudem gibt es kaum empirisch bestätigtes Wissen über eine der zentralen Annahmen fast aller Populismusdefinitionen: er sei im Kern ein Anti-Elitismus. Schließlich formuliert der Aufsatz Forschungsfelder und Leitfragen für zeitgeschichtliche Populismusforschung, die auf diesen und anderen konzeptionellen Problemen basieren.
O estado de exceção, antagonismo político e “combates” à corrupção
Authors: COELHO Victor de Oliveira Pinto
Published: October 2021

The following work analyzes the problem of the state of exception with a focus on Brazil’s recent political situation. First, we highlight the citing of the theory of exception by conservative legal expert Carl Schmitt in the TRF-4 court, allowing the then-Judge Moro to escape punishment for having leaked the contents of a telephone call between President Dilma Rousseff and former President Lula. Second, we then use this as a basis to outline the relationship between recent legal activism, present in the so-called “war on corruption”, with a longer-term tension in law in liberal societies, that is the hiatus between legality and legitimacy. Third, and finally, we seek to reveal that the anti-corruption agenda acquired impetus by means of the politicization and polarization of the country as of 2013, particularly with the emergence in 2014 of the Operação Lava Jato [Operation Car Wash] and the prominence of Judge Sérgio Moro. Our hypothesis is that a political antagonism was configured as a political strategy, framing all social demands to have emerged in 2013 as an opposition to “corruption” and the “state”. As a theoretical-conceptual framework for the conceptualizing of political antagonism, we highlight the theoretical contribution of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffee and works pointing to the hypertrophy of Criminal Justice, with the central focus on of the figure of the enemy. Our method was bibliographical analysis and a qualitative selection of sources.
Intercultural Education in Schools: From Policies to Practices in Catalonia (Spain)
Authors: Macià Bordalba Mònica , Torrelles Montanuy Àngels
Published: October 2021

Intercultural education is considered to be the most appropriate pedagogical model to promote inclusion, coexistence, and social cohesion both in Catalonia and in other countries. However, its philosophy is often misunderstood at the political or practical level. In this regard, this article examines the connection between national policies and what really happens in schools in Catalonia (Spain), a pioneering region in the reception of foreign students and, therefore, also a pioneer in the inclusion of intercultural discourse. Specifically, we first examine the Catalonian policies aimed at managing cultural diversity and intercultural education that have been developed since the 2000s up until today. Secondly, we present the results of a quantitative study carried out in 545 primary schools in Catalonia, in order to acknowledge the practices implemented in schools to prepare students for living in our increasingly diverse society, as well as their needs and requirements to better achieve such a commitment. Results show that whilst schools are implementing actions aimed at both fostering the integration of culturally diverse pupils as well as enhancing the intercultural competence of all students, there are still some gaps at the political level that prevent schools from developing a holistic intercultural education.
Los centros de internamiento de extranjeros (CIE) en España: función, perfiles de la población internada y posibilidades de asistencia social en su interior
Authors: Bayón-Torres Laura Zanón
Published: October 2021

En las dos últimas décadas, especialmente desde la crisis económica de 2008, la Unión Europea ha endurecido las políticas migratorias. Actualmente, el control de los flujos migratorios se centra en tres objetivos: limitar la entrada de personas extranjeras, dificultar su regularización administrativa y facilitar su expulsión del territorio europeo. España, por sus peculiaridades geopolíticas, es uno de los países de entrada a Europa, tanto desde África como desde Latinoamérica, y, por tanto, presenta una actividad importante referente a internamientos y expulsiones de personas extranjeras, por lo que cuenta con varios centros de internamiento de extranjeros distribuidos por el país. Mediante una investigación empírica de corte cualitativo, el presente artículo identifica los principales retos a los que se enfrentan los trabajadores sociales en su desempeño profesional en el centro de internamiento de extranjeros de Aluche. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica y documental y un análisis jurídico-normativo, reflexionando sobre algunas de las necesidades y características más relevantes de la población internada en el centro y sobre cómo la propia estructura y el funcionamiento del centro limitan el quehacer profesional.
Synthesis and characterization of aluminum dope zinc sulfide (Al:ZnS) thin films by chemical bath deposition techniques
Authors: Megersa Jigi Gemechis , Abza Tizazu , Girma Asnake
Published: October 2021

A well adherent thin films of Aluminum doped zinc sulphide (Al:ZnS) has been deposited on silica glass substrates using acidic chemical bath deposition (CBD) containing zinc acetate, Aluminum Chloride, and thioacetamide. EDTA was used as complexing agent to control the free ion concentration of the thin films. Aluminum concentrations were doped by 2%, 4%, and 6% while keeping other deposition parameters constant as deposited Al:ZnS thin films. The samples were characterized by BrukerD8 diffractometer with cuKα (λ=1.5406A˚) radiation working at 40 mA and 40 kV, JOEL-2300 Analysis Station Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Perkin Elmer Lambda 950 UV-vis/NIR spectrophotometer. The structural characterization of the samples show that no intense peaks were observed indicating the amorphous nature of the films. The surface morphology studies of as deposited Al:ZnS thin films shown the films were uniform, dense, and composed of spherical shaped grains. EDAX shows the elemental composition of Zn, S, and Al. The ratios of Zn/S in Stoichiometric even though the concentration of Aluminum is increased. Optical absorbance of the films decreased with increase Aluminum concentration. The large band gap makes them good materials for application as a window layer for solar cells.
GEOCHRONOLOGY OF CRYSTALLINE ROCKS OF THE SHUMYLIV SECTION OF THE SOUTH BUG RIVER VALLEY (HAISYN BLOCK)
Authors: Stepanyuk L.M. , Dovbush T.I. , Belskyi V.M. , Vysotsky O.B. , Bilan O.V. , Kotvitska I.M.
Published: October 2021

The Haisyn complex rocks (sobites (Shcherbakov, 2005)), consisting of diorite-like rocks and amphibolites, which biotite granites develop, is outcroping near the village of Shumyliv along the South Bug river and in an abandoned open pit mine (on South of Shumyliv). The rocks are characterized by high magnetization according to magnetic survey results. A linear magnetic anomaly extends in the north-east direction (NE 69º) with a distance of more than 35 km. Entin et al. (2019) proposed that this magnetic anomaly is caused by a dyke with a felsic or intermediate composition. The internal structure of accessory zircon crystals from quartz diorite and granite were studied. In both types of rocks, zircon crystals are complex and consist of three different generations. The first generation consists of fractured nuclei of light pink color, which apparently grew in rims of zircon of the 2nd and/or 3rd generation. Zircon of the second generation is light pink in color. It forms rims around the first generation of zircon, but also occasionally occurs the interior core areas of crystals. Third generation zircon forms rims around the first two generation zircons, or growth episodes. As usually, the heads of crystals have a light brown to brown color. The age of formation of monazite in the granite and titanite in the quartz diorite was determined by the uranium-lead isotope method. The two endogenous geological processes have ages of 2049 ± 6 million years and 2005±2 million years, respectively.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Bagi Murid Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Hanifa Millata , Permana Rusma , Ulfah Miftahul
Published: October 2021

The existence of madrasah ibtidaiyah is equivalent to elementary school as part of basic education. The core activity of a school or madrasa is learning. Children enrolled by their parents in the madrasah ibtidaiyah are so that children can easily learn a number of important basic subjects so that children become pious children. In other words, children who learn will become adults, because they master a number of subjects, or the knowledge needed according to the curriculum to live in society, or continue to higher education. For this reason the effectiveness of learning becomes the teacher’s task, because it requires professional teachers who are able to realize successful learning, especially seen from changes in student behavior, both cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.
Aplicación del modelo de pérdida de ADN para el diseño de cebadores en Potamotrygon magdalenae (Potamotrygonidae)
Authors: López-Ardila Iván Yesid , Martínez-Pérez Francisco José , Rondón-González Fernando
Published: October 2021

El diseño de cebadores es fundamental para amplificar regiones de genes debido a que la especificidad que mantienen cebador-secuencia de interés puede causar el éxito o fracaso en la reacción de PCR. En relación a Potamotrygon magdalenae (especie de interés de acuerdo al PAN Tiburones-Colombia), existe poca información disponible de aspectos relacionados con la genética poblacional de esta Raya. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en diseñar cebadores bajo los criterios del Modelo de Pérdida de ADN (DNA-LM), que permitan evaluar el estado genético de las poblaciones de P. magdalenae. Alineamos secuencias de la superfamilia Dayastoidea, disponibles en el NCBI, de los genes mitocondriales Citocromo C Oxidasa 1 (MT-CO1) y Citocromo b (MT-CYB). Se guimos los parámetros Gap open penalty (5), Gap extension penalti (0,2) y Terminal gap penalties (0,1) y seleccionamos dos pares de cebadores de acuerdo con el DNA-LM. Estimamos el producto amplificado del gen MT-CO1 en 916 pb y del gen MT-CYB en 774 pb, en muestras de P. magdalenae procedentes de diferentes ciénagas del Magdalena medio. Discutimos los resultados desde la perspectiva de validar la especificidad de los cebadores diseñados, teniendo en cuenta la correspondencia e identidad de las secuencias de los genes considerados. Los cebadores aquí reportados pueden contribuir a ampliar el conocimiento de la genética poblacional, biogeografía y filogenética de la raya de agua dulce P. magdalenae.
Selectividad de red de enmalle para captura de bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae, Prochilodontidae) en la ciénaga de Zárate
Authors: Arrieta Atencio Jesús David , Zúñiga Harley , Altamar Jairo
Published: October 2021

La estimación precisa de curvas de selectividad de redes de enmalle en una población de peces es un requisito importante para la sostenibilidad de los stocks explotados. Sin embargo, los trabajos de selectividad para artes de pesca que operan en ecosistemas continentales de Colombia son muy escasos. Este estudio determinó los parámetros de selectividad de redes de enmalle utilizadas en la captura del bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae). El diseño experimental evaluó tres tamaños de malla (5,72; 6,35 y 8,89 cm) y las capturas se realizaron en diferentes sitios de pesca de la ciénaga de Zárate. Con la utilización del método SELECT se estimaron los parámetros de selectividad y mediante un análisis de Kruskall Wallis se determinaron las diferencias en la captura por unidad de esfuerzo. Además, el tamaño de malla óptimo fue calculado a partir del principio de similaridad geométrica de Baranov. Los resultados muestran que el modelo normal con varianza proporcional al tamaño de malla es el que mejor ajuste presentó para la captura de bocachico. Las longitudes modales calculadas con el modelo normal con varianza proporcional al tamaño de malla fueron 22,90, 25,45 y 35,63 cm para tamaños de malla de 5,72, 6,35 y 8,89 cm, respectivamente. El tamaño de malla óptimo calculado fue 6,99 cm. Los resultados indican que las redes con tamaños de malla de 5,72 cm e inferiores tienen un efecto sobre la estructura de tamaños del bocachico. Estas redes requieren ser priorizadas en la formulación de medidas de manejo basadas en la ordenación de este arte de pesca, lo que permitirá la sostenibilidad de la pesquería.
Resiliencia comunitaria ante la Falla de San Ramón: un estudio exploratorio desde dirigentes sociales
Authors: Caro Zúñiga Camilo Andrés , Prosser Bravo Gabriel , Stark Gutiérrez Valentina , Jara Pacheco Jorge Ignacio , Pérez Tello Sonia
Published: October 2021

En el campo de la Gestión del Riesgo ante Desastres (GRD) la noción de resiliencia comunitaria ha motivado una serie de estudios enfocados en conceptualizar, dimensionar y definir los pilares de este constructo. El presente estudio busca describir las dimensiones de la resiliencia comunitaria frente a la amenaza de una falla geológica activa del sector precordillerano de la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 43 dirigentes sociales de Peñalolén, posteriormente, se realizó un análisis estadístico de los 27 ítems cerrados y un análisis temático cuantitativo de los 3 ítems abiertos. Los resultados indican cinco dimensiones claves de la resiliencia comunitaria: gobernabilidad; evaluación del riesgo; conocimientos culturales y educación; gestión de riesgos y reducción de vulnerabilidad; y estrategias organizativas para la preparación y respuesta ante desastres. Se discute la importancia de estas dimensiones de la resiliencia comunitaria en contextos de vulnerabilidades crónicas y superpuestas, a la vez que se resalta la necesidad de desarrollar mejores medidas institucionales de prevención, preparación y respuesta ante desastres.
Reflexos do Pibid
Authors: Darroz Luiz Marcelo
Published: October 2021

Apresentam-se, neste trabalho, os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada junto a um grupo de professores de Física da rede pública estadual que participaram do Programa Institucional de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) implementado numa universidade do Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. A investigação buscou evidenciar aprendizagens docentes desenvolvidas/ampliadas nos pesquisados durante sua participação no programa. Para a coleta de dados, fez-se uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas que foram gravadas em áudio e posteriormente transcritas. A partir dos materiais coletados, realizou-se uma análise textual discursiva dos dados, tendo como categorias a priori uma adaptação dos Focos da Aprendizagem Docente. Os resultados apontam que, ao participar das atividades do Pibid, os professores ampliaram suas aprendizagens relacionadas à docência, demonstrando, dessa forma, que a formação docente deve estar centrada na troca de experiências, na análise de casos concretos do cotidiano escolar e em momentos reservados para o planejamento e para a reflexão acerca das atividades profissionais.
Palavras-chave: Pibid; supervisor; aprendizagem docente; reflexos do Pibid.
First record of Hylaeus pictipes Nylander, 1852 (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) in Virginia, United States of America
Authors: Ostrom Robert B. J. , Grayson Kristine L.
Published: October 2021

Insect surveys of developed areas can provide important new species records as these areas are often under-surveyed and assumed to have low biodiversity. These surveys are of increasing importance as fragmentation and habitat conversion further alters the biosphere. We report a new state species record from Virginia: five Hylaeus (Paraprosopis) pictipes Nylander, 1852 (Hymenoptera, Colletidae). Field surveys in Richmond and the surrounding areas found this species from 28 April to 5 August 2019. This is the furthest south H. pictipes has been recorded on the east coast of the USA.
Relationships between body composition and anaerobic performance parameters in female handball players
Authors: Kale Mehmet , Akdoğan Erkan
Published: October 2021

Background and Study Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate of the relationships between total/segmental body composition and anaerobic performance parameters in female handball players.
Material and Methods. Voluntary 16 women handball players (age= 19.6±2.6years, body height= 168.0±5.5cm, body weight= 64.7±10.7kg), trained last 3 years, were participated to the study. Twelve of them were students from Faculty of Sports Sciences. All measurement and tests were completed in the week right after Turkish Women Handball 1th League. Total and segmental body composition parameters (body fat percentage, body fat mass, lean body mass, leg fat percentage, leg fat mass, lean leg mass, torso fat percentage, torso fat mass, and lean torso mass) of each player were evaluated with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. Squat jump test for explosive power, countermovement jump test for elastic (reactive) power, and Wingate test for anaerobic power (WAnT AP) and anaerobic capacity (WAnT AC) were used. Relationships of total/segmental body composition parameters with jump and anaerobic power-capacity parameters were analysed with Pearson correlation and the probability level was set to p£0.05.
Results. As a result of statistical analyses, there were negative relationships (p<0.05) between anaerobic performance parameters (countermovement jump and anaerobic power-capacity) and total/segmental body composition parameters except for lean body mass, lean leg mass, and lean torso mass.
Conclusions. Total/segmental body composition parameters based on endomorphy had negative effects on explosive power, elastic power, WAnT AP and WAnT AC. It is suggested that coaches should not allow female handball players to rise in ectomorphy for the anaerobic performance loss in the season finale.
The effects of 5x5 exercises on a quality of life of university students, who use smartphones during long periods
Authors: Tuncer Aysenur , Maden Tuba , Badat Tugba , Kocamaz Deniz
Published: October 2021

Background and Study Aim. The present study investigated the effect of a 5x5 exercise program on sleep quality, fatigue, neck pain, head posture, daily walking, sitting, sleeping and smartphone usage time.

Material and Methods. An exercise program was applied to 54 university students (17 males, 37 females) between October and November 2019. The five exercises lasted approximately 15- 20 minutes in each training session (diaphragmatic breathing, axial neck extension, cervical stabilization, pectoral stretch, and shoulder retractor strengthening) that was performed 5 times a day, 5 days a week for 5 weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Forward Head Posture (FHP), number of daily steps, sitting time, sleep time, and smartphone usage time were compared before and after the exercise program. The Paired Samples t-test was used to compare differences between the pre-exercise and post-exercise variables. Statistical significance level was set at 0.05.

Results. Following the 5-week exercise program, sleep quality improved, and levels of neck disability and fatigue were lower and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). No change was determined in FHP, daily sitting time and daily number of steps, sleep hours, and smartphone usage time (p>0.05).

Conclusion. The 5-week program of posture correction, stretching and strengthening exercises improved sleep quality, fatigue levels, and neck disability. The findings of this study can be used to improve the sleep quality, fatigue and neck problems of both students and sedentary workers.
Study on characterization of chalcone synthase gene from \(\textit{Pueraria lobata}\) and \(\textit{Pueraria mirifica}\) in Vietnam
Authors: Thu Hue Huynh Thi , Phuong Nguyen Minh , Canh Nguyen Xuan
Published: October 2021

Two species of genus Pueraria ((Pueraria lobata (synonym: Pueraria montana var. lobata) and Pueraria mirifica (synonym: Pueraria candollei var. mirifica)) are traditional plants used in medicine since ancient times. These plants have been used and became commercially crucial indigenous medicinal plants. Currently, both roots and flowers of P. mirifica are used as a dietary supplement and functional food for women because of their rich source of phytoestrogen and nutrition. However, little information of genes on both species of Pueraria genus (P. lobata and P. mirifica) are known in Vietnam. The purpose of this research is to support more understanding about Chalcone synthase (CHS) genes by determining and sequence analyzing an encoding region of CHS genes that were isolated from P. lobata and P. mirifica. The full-length open reading frame (ORF) sequence CHS was identified with 1170 bp which encodes 389 amino acids by Sanger sequencing. The isolated CHS gene of P. lobata has no difference in sequence with CHS reported on GenBank (D10223.1), whereas a difference of 26 nucleotide positions in CHS sequence of P. mirifica compared with the published gene sequence (JQ409456.1) as consequential having  97.78% genetic similarity. The CHS genes sequence of P. lobata and P. mirifica are homologous with 98.4% because of having 19 nucleotide differences. Chalcone-stilbene synthase N-C terminal, PLN03173, CHS-like, BH0617, fabH are some important domains predicting the CHS genes. Especially, the family signature ‘GVLFGFGPGLTI’ motif of CHS gene as a part of the active-site scaffold contributes to decide the product of cyclization reactions performing the stereochemistry of cyclization which was also observed in P. lobata and P. mirifica, but it was not included for all members in Fabaceae family. With in sillico analysis, the P. lobata and P. mirifica CHS sequences have highly conserved regions to maintain their structure and function, so that it needs further studies to clarify these points.
\(\textit{rbc}\)L DNA region revealed as the best DNA barcode for identification of \(\textit{Mahonia}\) and \(\textit{Berberis}\) species (Berberidaceae)
Authors: Trang Nguyen Thi Phuong
Published: October 2021

Berberidaceae contains 17 genera and nearly 650 species, in which the genus Berberis and the genus Mahonia are sisters with a very close relationship and share many similar characteristics. In the past, the two genera were merged into the genus Berberis. At present, the Berberidaceae is at risk and is prioritized for conservation, especially the species of Mahonia and Berberis. In the fact, identification for the Berberidaceae species based on the morphology of parts for sale (such as roots, stems, leaves) without reproductive organs (flowers and fruits) is impossible.
In recent years, molecular biology techniques are being applied widely and effectively in research on the evolution, classification and genetic diversity of populations. Study based on DNA has highly accurate and particularly useful for closely related species which morphological observations are not sufficient to distinguish. Results from DNA analysis allow authentic species, populations or individuals from un-intact specimens accurately and especially, it is not affected by objective factors such as the environment or human.
In this study, we assessed the taxonomy ability of three commonly DNA barcoding regions used for classification including rbcL, trnH-psbA and ITS2 on 12 samples of the Berberidaceae family, in which 7 samples are genus Mahonia, 4 samples are genus Berberis and one sample of Epimedium was used as the control sample. The results of the study will contribute to the selection of suitable DNA barcode for the identification of Mahonia and Berberis samples.
The results demonstrated that the rbcL region showed the most obvious ability to distinguish the 12 Berberidaceae species. The ITS2 sequences of Berberis julianeae and Mahonia bealei of Vietnam were submitted to GenBank with accession numbers MT073031 and MT008067, respectively. The sequence of rbcL of Mahonia bealei was also submitted to GenBank with accession number MT457415.1.
Association of \(\textit{FSIP2}\) rs4666689 and \(\textit{PON2}\) rs7493 with male infertility in Vietnamese population
Authors: Huu Dinh Tran , Thanh Thao Dinh , Lan Anh Luong Thi , Minh Duc Bui , Thuy Duong Nguyen
Published: October 2021

Reproductive impairment in men is a multifactorial disease and is currently considered a global health issue. Previous studies have investigated the correlation between genetic variants and male infertility in different populations. However, such studies have appeared in limited amounts in the Vietnamese population. This study aimed to assess the association of polymorphisms FSIP2 rs4666689 and PON2 rs7493 with male infertile susceptibility in the Vietnamese population. Total DNAs were isolated from 376 samples, including 175 males with infertility and 201 controls having at least one child. For FSIP2 rs4666689, all 376 samples were applied for genotyping using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). For PON2 rs7493, only 178 samples (80 infertile patients and 98 controls) were used to assess genotype frequencies. By using statistical methods, we showed that the distribution of their genotypes was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p-values > 0.05). However, no association between both polymorphisms (FSIP2 rs4666689 and PON2 rs7493) and male infertility in the Vietnamese population was detected (p-values > 0.05). This study would help enrich to the knowledge about the effects of hereditary factors on male infertility in the Vietnamese population.