bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA06: Isotype-Switched Antibodies Produced in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Antagonize Human Cancer Progression
Authors: Conejo-Garcia Jose R
Published: February 2025

Many epithelial cancers orchestrate prognostically significant intra-tumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), yet the mechanisms behind their antitumor activity remain unclear. Here we show that intra-tumoral TLS in human cancers contain highly oligoclonal B cells and plasma cells expressing IgA or IgG, which are not found outside the TLS. We demonstrate that these antibodies antagonize the progression of the autologous tumor. Accordingly, TLS enlargement and de novo formation in response to the injection of an oncolytic virus in muscle-invasive, cisplatin-ineligible bladder cancers is associated with complete clincial responses and the production of IgA and IgG antibodies at tumor beds. Our data show that TLS inhibit malignant progression through in situ production of isotype-switched anti-tumor antibodies , underscoring the importance of coordinated cellular and humoral responses in human cancer.

Citation Format: Jose R Conejo-Garcia. Isotype-Switched Antibodies Produced in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Antagonize Human Cancer Progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR IO Conference: Discovery and Innovation in Cancer Immunology: Revolutionizing Treatment through Immunotherapy; 2025 Feb 23-26; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2025;13(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA06.
Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Bonga sheep fed on noug seed cake, mulberry and Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal
Authors: Aleme M. , Mengistu G. , Tulu D. , Bogale A. , Walelign M. , Besufkad S.
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics of the Bonga sheep supplemented with noug seed cake (NSC; Guizotia abyssinica) with dried mulberry leaf meal (DMLM; Morus indica) and higher protein Vernonia amygdalina leaf (DVLM) meal mixtures maintained on Desho (Penisetum glaucifolium) grass hay ad libitum. The five experimental diets were 100% NSC (T1), 75% DMLM+25% DVLM (T2), 100% DMLM (T3), 50% DVLM+25% NSC (T4) and 100% DVLM (T5). Thirty lambs at the age of eight months with an initial body weight (BW) 15.63±1.4 kg were assigned in randomised complete block design with six replications to each experimental diet. The intake of crude protein, ash, neutral detergent fibre, and acid detergent lignin were significantly (P<0.0001) different for animals fed T2, and dry matter intake (DMI), total dry matter intake (TDMI), total dry matter intake as % of body weight (TDMI %BW) and total dry matter intake of metabolic body weight was relatively higher for T3 (P<0.0001). There was a significant (P<0.05) effect on slaughter body weight among treatments which was higher for sheep fed T2 and T3, at 25.7 kg each. There was no effect (P>0.05) on other carcass traits, edible or non-edible offal components. Total DMI was strongly and positively correlated with carcass traits and crude protein intake was positively correlated with body weight. Total replacement with DMLM and the mix of 75% DMLM + 25% NSC with Desho grass hay can be used to give better growth performance and carcass yield of lambs.
Piper kiminensis (Piperaceae) a new species with shingling variegated leaves from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: GAJUREL PADMA RAJ , YAKANG TAGE , KASHUNG SOYALA , BORAH DIPANKAR
Published: February 2025

Piper kiminensis (Piperaceae), a new species, is described from Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India, along with notes on its habitat, ecology, and conservation status. A dioecious, semi-woody climber with distinct dimorphic branches, it is distinguished from other climbing pipers by its vegetative branches possessing shingled, variegated leaves. The new species does share some similarities with P. obtusissimum in its vegetative branches and P. betleoides in its fertile branches, so a table with detailed morphological features for all three species is provided for easy comparison. For aid in recognition, color photographs are also included. The molecular studies based on the ITS sequence also confirmed the distinctness of the new species from other taxa. Moreover, it shows little similarity with any of the existing Piper species.
Nepenthes higaonon (Nepenthaceae), a new species of pitcher plant from the northern Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: LAGUNDAY NOEL E. , BAUL MELBERT JAMES G. , ANSIHAGAN RAMIL P. , AMOROSO VICTOR B.
Published: February 2025

Nepenthes higaonon (section Alatae) is described as a new species from the gravel substrates of northern Mindanao, Philippines. It is morphologically similar to N. viridis from which differs in having a non-decurrent leaf-to-stem attachment (vs. slightly decurrent in N. viridis), rounded leaf apex (vs. acute), 3 longitudinal veins on each side of the midrib (vs. 1–2), monomorphic pitchers (vs. dimorphic) aerial pitchers cylindrical upper 1/3rd (vs. infundibular upper 1/3rd), aerial pitcher lid flattened, ovate, angled up to 90° completely exposing the opening (vs. domed, oval to cordate, angled up to ca. 60 ° covering the opening), aerial pitcher peristome anterior with shallow depression (vs. often raised), inflorescence 1-flowered (vs. 2-flowered), and by its climbing stems up to ca. 10 m (vs. up to ca. 4 m). The species described is assessed herein as Critically Endangered according to IUCN criteria, facing threats of poaching, shifting cultivation, without legislative protection and calls for immediate conservation efforts.
Lepidium colombianum (Lepidieae; Brassicaceae), a new species from South America
Authors: AL-SHEHBAZ IHSAN A.
Published: February 2025

Lepidium colombianum, a new species form Colombia (Cundinamarca Department), is most closely related to L. bipinnatifidum, from which it is readily distinguished by the caducous sepals, glabrous leaves, entire uppermost leaves, and fruiting pedicels puberulent all around.
Pimpinella insignis (Apiaceae) is a synonym of P. pastinacifolia
Authors: LYSKOV DMITRY , PANAHI MEHRNOUSH , SAMIGULLIN TAHIR
Published: February 2025

N/A
Unveiling an iconic Philodendron (Araceae) species from the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo State, Brazil
Authors: MAGNO ALEXANDRE , CALAZANS LUANA S.B.
Published: February 2025

A new species of Philodendron from the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo State, Brazil, previously mistaken to P. bernardopazii, is here described and compared to its closest relatives. We present illustrations, a distribution map and comments on the new species.
Lagenandra rubra (Araceae), a new endemic species from Sinharaja Man and Biosphere Reserve, Sri Lanka
Authors: MADOLA INDRAKHEELA , JAYASINGHE HIMESH , YAKANDAWALA DEEPTHI , YAKANDAWALA KAPILA
Published: February 2025

During the revision of the genus Lagenandra in Sri Lanka we encountered a new species Lagenandra rubra from the Sinharaja Man and Biosphere Reserve of Sri Lanka. The new species can be differentiated from all other described Lagenandra species by its glossy dark red-maroon twisted limb and the absence of warts on the spathe. With the newly described species, the number of endemic Sri Lankan species of Lagenandra rises to fourteen, and the global total rises to twenty-three. Based on the IUCN Red List categories and criteria, the new species is assessed as Critically Endangered under Criterion CR B1ab (ii, iii, iv, v) +2ab (ii, iii, iv, v).
Taxonomic reassessment of Astragalus phanothrix (Fabaceae): insights from morphological and molecular data
Authors: BAGHERI ALI , MAASSOUMI ALI ASGHAR , BLATTNER FRANK R.
Published: February 2025

Astragalus phanothrix has long been a taxonomically controversial species due to conflicting synonymizations and section placements. Originally described under sect. Onobrychium by Bornmüller in 1915, it was later transferred to sect. Hypoglottidei and synonymized with A. saganlugensis. Recent treatments synonymized it with A. cancellatus within sect. Onobrychoidei, highlighting persistent taxonomic ambiguities arising from overlapping morphological characters and the lack of integrative analyses. This study reassessed the taxonomic status of A. phanothrix using morphological examinations and molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS and matK sequences. Morphological comparisons revealed key diagnostic characters that distinguish A. phanothrix from its putative synonyms. Astragalus phanothrix differs from A. saganlugensis by its mixed black and white hairs on the calyx (compared to erect stems with sparser indumentum), and smaller ovate legumes (compared to larger, elliptic legumes). From A. cancellatus it is separated by the absence of bifurcate calyx hairs, its placement in sect. Hypoglottidei (versus sect. Onobrychoidei), and its predominantly white hairs on the peduncle (compared to mixed black and white hairs). Phylogenetic analyses placed A. phanothrix firmly within sect. Hypoglottidei, supporting its recognition as an independent species. These findings resolve the taxonomic doubts surrounding A. phanothrix, re-establishing it as a distinct species, and highlight the value of integrating morphological and molecular evidence to clarify complex taxonomic relationships in Astragalus.
Morphology of larvae and pupae of four species of Neotropical Acanthocinini (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: CASARI SÔNIA A. , BIFFI GABRIEL , NASCIMENTO FRANCISCO ERIBERTO L.
Published: February 2025

Acanthocinini is a tribe of Lamiinae with questionable monophyly and close affinity with Acrocinini and Colobotheini. Despite being the tribe with the largest number of known immature forms, it is poorly characterized, only by arbitrary features of adults. Here we describe and illustrate larva and pupa of four species of Acanthocinini: Baryssinus marisae Martins & Monné, 1974, Oedopeza umbrosa (Germar, 1823), Oxathres sparsa Melzer, 1927 (based on exuviae) and Xylergatoides asper (Bates, 1864), all but O. umbrosa, representing the first immature description of their genera.
A review of the genus Heterogomphus Burmeister, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Oryctini) from Colombia
Authors: MORENO JHON C. NEITA , CLAVIJO-BUSTOS JULIÁN , RATCLIFFE BRETT C.
Published: February 2025

The 10 species of the genus Heterogomphus Burmeister recorded from Colombia are illustrated and diagnosed, and a species checklist and dichotomous keys to distinguish them are presented. Heterogomphus telamon (Burmeister, 1847) is reported for the first time for Colombia, and Heterogomphus onorei Voirin, 1984 is proposed as a new junior synonym of Heterogomphus curvicornis Prell, 1912. Finally, a new species from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia) is described, Heterogomphus kogui Neita Moreno, Clavijo-Bustos, and Ratcliffe new species.
Two new species of Xenocona Gilmour, 1960 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) with biogeographical notes
Authors: NASCIMENTO FRANCISCO ERIBERTO DE L. , BOTERO JUAN PABLO , ÁVILA-JIMENEZ ANGELO JULIÁN , V CAROLINA CRISTAL GOYCOLEA
Published: February 2025

Two new species are described for the genus Xenocona Gilmour, 1960 (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini): Xenocona plagiata sp. nov. from Colombia and X. queros sp. nov. from Peru. Additionally, photographs and distribution maps are provided. The distribution pattern of species was analyzed in relation to the following environmental variables: humidity (%); average annual temperature (°F); altitude (masl); and average annual precipitation. In general, we observed that the temperature and altitude variables are intrinsically related to the distribution. We also observed that the distribution follows that of conifers trees, which are possibly the host plants of Xenocona species.
First record of the flotsam tiger beetle genus Cheiloxya Guérin-Méneville, 1855 (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) from Yungas Forest of Argentina
Authors: RUBIO LUCAS E. , ROIG-JUÑENT SERGIO , MICHAT MARIANO C. , URCOLA JUAN I.
Published: February 2025

Cheiloxya Guérin-Méneville, 1855 is reported for the first time from Argentina, in the Southern Andean Yungas, an ecoregion recognized for its exceptional biodiversity and conservation importance. This represents the most southern record for Cheiloxya, extending the distributional range of the genus by about 900 km.
Graph-based Algorithms for Battery Management in Sensor Networks: Theoretical Insights and Practical Applications
Authors: Millán María , Ceballos Manuel , Orihuela Luis
Published: February 2025

Battery level management is crucial for the reliable operation of sensor networks. In this paper, we present a novel framework that leverages graph theory and computational geometry to enhance battery management, optimize communication, and maintain connectivity. Our approach builds weighted Delaunay Graphs as combinatorial models for sensor networks and investigates theoretical aspects of their hamiltonicity. We introduce six algorithmic methods addressing two main objectives. The first set focuses on battery management by identifying low-battery sensors, computing minimum spanning trees and shortest paths and performing edge contraction to simplify network topology while preserving connectivity. The second set examines the hamiltonicity of Delaunay Graphs using graph labeling and combinatorial techniques to analyze the existence of Hamiltonian paths. Our methodology integrates key graph procedures such as minimum spanning trees, shortest path algorithms, edge contraction, and graph labeling with computational geometry tools like Voronoi diagrams and Delaunay triangulation. This combination allows for an accurate modeling of spatial relationships within the network and dynamic adaptation to battery constraints. A case study on monitoring a sugar cane field demonstrates the practical application of our methods. The computational study reveals the efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithms in optimizing battery usage and improving network performance in real-world scenarios. In conclusion, our work not only addresses critical battery management challenges in sensor networks but also deepens the understanding of the interplay between graph theory and network optimization. This integrated approach paves the way for further research in both theoretical and applied domains, offering promising solutions for enhancing the sustainability and reliability of sensor networks
Investigation of the Physicochemical (Viscosity) Properties of Honey Produced in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Olawole Falade , Adedoyin Osipitan , Timothy Olawumi , Rotimi Kolapo
Published: February 2025

Honey is a natural sweetener with numerous nutritional qualities which provide substantial livelihood benefits. More clarification about the physical properties would help diversify the local applications critical for human livelihood. However, there is a scarcity of information on the physicochemical (viscosity) quality of honey produced in South-Western Nigeria (SWN). Therefore, this study evaluates the viscosity properties of honey produced in SWN. In a two-stage, sampling procedure, Osun, Ogun and Oyo states were purposively selected because of their prevalent apicultural activities. Three localities were chosen per state. In each of Aba Oka, Oke Onitii, Iyemogun, Iwoye, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Tai Solarin University of Education (TASUED), Oke Orogun, Forest Resource Management Department, University of Ibadan (FRMDUI) and Badeku, 15 beekeepers were randomly selected and a set of questionnaires was used to obtain information on the viscosity of their harvested honey. Also, an emergent sampling technique was used to obtain capped-comb honey from one beekeeper per locality. The honey collected was analysed for physicochemical [viscosity (Pa.s)] properties following standard protocols. The data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. TASUED honey viscosity was the thickest, 2000.00±0.00 at 6 rounds per minute (RPM), whereas Oke Orogun was the lightest, 9990.00±0.00 at 6 RPM. Conclusively, TASUED honey was presumed to have the best quality, based on its thickest viscosity.
Supplementary Biomass Addition Enhances the Crop Productivity: Evidence from a Gliricidia sepium - Based Alley Cropping Practices in Gazipur District of Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Abu , Saha Satya , Suhag Md. , Miah Md. , Rahman Md. , Islam Md. , Riyadh Zabid , Mahmud Apple
Published: February 2025

Two consecutive experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of alley cropping practices on the productivity of cauliflower during the winter season of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. An eleven-year-old G. sepium-established alley cropping field was used as the experimental site located in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The experiments were done using a split-plot design. Three alley widths of G. sepium viz. W3.0, W4.5, and W6.0 (3.0 m, 4.5 m, and 6.0 m) comprised factor A, the main plot factor. Within each main plot, five nitrogen (N) doses namely N0, N25, N50, N75, and N100 contributed the five levels of factor B (sub-plot factor) each replicated thrice. Control plots received allied N doses without pruned biomass to facilitate comparison with the alley cropping. The data from the two seasons on cauliflower were subjected to pooled analysis using R-statistics. Results revealed that, growth and yield attributes of cauliflower thrived in all the alley cropping plots compared to control (absence of tree), and increased along with the increase in applied N. Further, we assessed what combinations of alley width and N level provide the highest yield and found that, W6.0×N100 treatment combination yielded the highest cauliflower yield (33.55 t ha‒1) which was statistically equivalent to the yields of W6.0×N75 and W6.0×N50 combinations. It was also observed that all the alley cropped plots given higher economic benefit compared to control, specifically with the first three highest Benefit-to-Cost Ratios (BCRs) calculated in W6.0×N100 (3.27), W6.0×N50 (3.23), and in W6.0×N75 (3.21) treatment combinations. The outcome suggests that using pruned materials can be a viable alternative to enhance crop productivity, profitability and reduce the reliance on nitrogenous fertilizer.
An Accurate Two-Step Optimized Hybrid Block Method for Integrating Stiff Differential Equations
Authors: Gbenro Sunday , Areo Emmanuel , Momoh Adelegan
Published: February 2025

An accurate two-step optimized hybrid block method is proposed for integrating stiff initial value problems of ordinary differential equations. The techniques of interpolation and collocation were applied to a power series polynomial for the derivation of the method using a three-parameter approximation of the hybrid points. The hybrid points were obtained by minimizing the local truncation error of the main method. The discrete schemes were produced as by-products of the continuous scheme and used to simultaneously solve initial value problems (IVPs) in block mode. The analysis of the basic properties of the method revealed that the schemes are self-starting, consistent, zero-stable, and A-stable. Furthermore, the analysis of the order of accuracy of the method showed that there is a gain of one order of accuracy in the main scheme where the optimization was carried out thereby enhancing the accuracy of the whole method. The accuracy of the method was ascertained using several numerical experiments. Comparison of the numerical results of the new method with those of the existing methods revealed that the newly developed method performed better than some of the existing hybrid block methods. Hence, the new method should be employed for the numerical solution of stiff ordinary differential equations to obtain more accurate results.
Mathematical Peace: Exploring the Role of Euler’s Number in Global Strategy and Cooperation
Authors: Rahman Md.
Published: February 2025

Mathematics, humanitarian political leadership and world peace require a combination of these three issues, which is specifically considered as mathematical peace. This paper explores the concept of "mathematical peace" through the lens of Euler's number (e), a fundamental constant in mathematics. The study examines how Euler’s number, known for its appearance in various fields of science and mathematics, can be used to model and foster cooperation, harmony, and conflict resolution in global strategies. Drawing on mathematical models, network theory, and systems theory, this paper seeks to demonstrate how Euler's number may offer insights into building frameworks for global peace. Mathematical Peace is a mathematical model for establishing world peace, the input of which will be humanitarian political leadership. The importance of humanitarian political leadership in establishing peace is immense. It is possible to monitor and verify the role that humanitarian political leadership is playing in establishing peace through mathematical modeling. Peace is a natural subject, like mathematics. Therefore, mathematics naturally has a close relationship with peace. By integrating mathematical constants into real-world applications, this research aims to highlight the potential for improved diplomatic relations, resource allocation, and conflict management.
The Effect of Depression, Suicidal Ideation and Resilience on the Well Being of Indian Farmers: A Review
Authors: Nisar Zoya , Siddiqui Roomana
Published: February 2025

Drought has been the focus of a majority of studies in terms of its influence on agriculture, the economy, health, and the social well-being of farmers, but less research has been done in comparison concerning the psychological well-being of farmers in India. Limited research is available on drought, and even less on the psychological impact of drought. Drought causes a variety of psychological problems that can significantly influence the well-being of farmers. As the psychological health of farmers becomes a more pressing matter with increased psychological distress, this paper focuses on analyzing the studies that explore the impact of drought on the mental health of Indian farmers. The review of literature presented highlights the breadth of research examining factors influencing depression and suicidal ideation among Indian farmers over the last twelve years. Further, the paper also presents the effect that resilience can have on the well-being of farmers and will examine whether resilience plays a role in diminishing the levels of depression and suicidal ideation in farmers. Furthermore, an analytical discussion on depression, suicidal ideation, and Resilience among Indian farmers is also the focus of the paper. This paper can help novice researchers understand the psychological impacts of drought in regards to the mentioned variables and gain clarity on any relationship between them.
Pain and Environmental Stimuli: A Review on Research Methods, Instruments, and Findings
Authors: Kader Sharmin
Published: February 2025

Pain, as a critical health outcome, has been extensively studied across various disciplines. However, the role of environmental stimulation in reducing patients' perceptions of pain in healthcare settings is a relatively emerging area of research. Recent studies have explored the use of environmental stimuli, such as light, nature, music, and virtual reality, as sources of distraction to alleviate pain during medical procedures. This study aims to examine the research objectives, methodologies, and findings of empirical studies in this domain, addressing the following questions: What types of research designs and methods have been employed? What instruments have been used to measure pain? What are the key findings from these studies? A systematic literature search was conducted across four major databases—PsycINFO, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar—using eight keywords: ‘pain,’ ‘environment,’ ‘light,’ ‘nature,’ ‘sound,’ ‘music,’ ‘virtual reality,’ and ‘video.’ Studies were included if they were empirical, published after 2000, measured pain as a health outcome, and emphasized environmental factors. A total of 53 studies met these criteria. An analytical matrix was developed to categorize studies based on research objectives, design, sample size, methodology, and pain measurement tools. The findings were synthesized into four major themes: environmental interventions, research designs, pain measurement techniques, and outcomes. Environmental contexts included exposure to natural light (two studies), sounds of nature (one study), combined view and sound of nature (one study), music therapy (21 studies), and virtual reality (29 studies). Of the selected studies, 44 employed randomized controlled trials, eight used quasi-experimental designs, and one was descriptive correlational. Pain was measured using a variety of validated instruments, and the study provides a comprehensive list of these tools, detailing their strengths and limitations. This article offers valuable insights for future research by identifying methodological gaps, suggesting research designs that incorporate environmental stimuli, and recommending appropriate pain measurement instruments. Additionally, graphical representations of research processes, pain scale administration guidelines, and pain rating scale comparisons are included to assist researchers in designing rigorous studies. These resources are particularly useful for planning randomized controlled trials or quasi-experiments to investigate the effectiveness of environmental stimulation as a distraction for reducing pain perception in healthcare settings.
Concrete Shear Walls with GFRP Bars: Simulation and Economic Design
Authors: Elsayed Mahmoud , Talaei Fereshte , Pettit Clayton , Cruz-Noguez Carlos
Published: February 2025

Premature corrosion of reinforcing steel is a significant concern for steel-reinforced concrete (RC) structures, often leading to deterioration before reaching their design life. To address this issue, glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars have proven effective as a corrosion-resistant alternative in structural elements such as beams, columns, and slabs. Recent studies have shown that concrete shear walls reinforced with GFRP bars exhibit acceptable performance in terms of ultimate strength. However, compared to conventional steel reinforcement, limited data exist regarding their cracking, deformation, creep susceptibility, long-term performance, and cost. In this paper, a parametric study using a finite-element analysis model, validated against experimental data, was conducted to evaluate the effect of common design variables in GFRP-reinforced concrete shear walls. The study identified optimal design solutions where GFRP-reinforced walls outperform conventional RC walls. The analysis revealed that optimal GFRP designs cost approximately 1.5 times more than steel-reinforced walls, with deflection and crack width emerging as critical factors influencing design feasibility. The use of high-strength concrete was found to have minimal impact on the feasible design region, while bond strength between GFRP bars and concrete significantly influenced crack width and overall performance. Furthermore, creep rupture was determined not to be a critical concern under typical loading conditions. The results highlight that feasible GFRP designs are governed by service conditions, whereas ultimate strength remains the primary constraint for steel-reinforced walls.
Mathematical Modeling of Batch Fluidized Bed Drying of Alumina
Authors: Amira Touil , Souhir Gritli , Ahmed Taieb
Published: February 2025

Fluidized bed drying is an efficient and widely used method for drying wet powders and granular products. To optimize this drying process, several approaches for modeling, including empirical, semi-empirical, or more complex computational fluid dynamics models are used. This work aims to simulate batch fluidized bed drying processes of alumina using the multi-phase model equation. Firstly, a thermodynamic characterization of alumina was carried out using the static gravimetric method to determine sorption isotherms, enthalpy and entropy. Than, drying kinetics at different operating conditions (temperature and air flow) are investigated. Finaly, A three-phase mathematical model describing the fluidized bed dryer has been provided based on a numerical method. The system of equations (heat and mass transfer) is solved numerically by the finite element method using "COMSOL multiphasic" software. Results show that, for the sorption isothermes, the increase in temperature inducing the decrease in the equilibrium water content, and that the GAB model can describe correctly experimental isotherms. The high sorption enthalpy value (8000 kJ/mol) is an indication of the strong water-solid surface interaction in the product. The desorption entropy has a high dependence on the water content, particularly for low water contents. The maximum desorption entropy value reaches 200 kJ/mol. K at low equilibrium water contents values. Temperature is the major factor influencing drying kinetics. According to the fluidized bed drying simulation, results show the capacity of the three-phase Kunii-Levenspiel model to describe and predect the spacio-temporal distribution of water content of alumina and temperature in the fluized bed during drying The model was validated on distinct operating conditions.
Evaluation of the Practice of CT-guided Lumbar Infiltration at the Mother Hospital Center Child “The Luxemburg”
Authors: Mahamane Mariko , Mamoudou Camara , Salam Maiga , Alassane Diallo , Bana Abdoul , Diaman Keita , Emmanuel Dena
Published: February 2025

The objectives of this study were to determine the main indications for CT-guided lumbar infiltrations, to list the clinical picture post-CT-guided lumbar infiltration and to describe the intensity of pain post-CT-guided lumbar infiltration in the radiology department. This was a descriptive study to be collected prospectively over a period of seven months from June 2023 to December 2023 relating to CT-guided lumbar infiltration in the radiology and medical imaging department of the Mother Hospital. Child “Luxembourg”. It focused on patients aged 20 to 80 years and over, admitted and having performed a CT-guided infiltration in our department during the period. We glued 50 patients during our study. The 40-59 age group was the most common, at 54%. There is a male predominance with a sex ratio equal to 1.08. The maximum number of patients came from the neurology department (78%). Patients without medical care were the most represented, i.e. 60%. 64% of our patients have not had any infiltration in the last six months. Patients with pain lasting less than 6 months were the most represented, i.e. 40%. The level of pain intensity increasing between 5-7 (severe pain) was the most represented, i.e. 58%. The visual analog scale after three months was estimated between 1-3 and was the most represented, i.e. 70%. The visual analog scale (VAS) estimated between 3-5 after one month was the most represented, i.e. 66%. Discopathy represented 47% followed by the combination of herniated disc and disc disease, i.e. 26.4%. The lesions were more localized at the L5-S1 level, i.e. 62%. Epidural infiltration was performed in 66% of our patients. The complication rate was 0% due to the strict hygiene conditions applied for each procedure. Infiltration is very important in the treatment of active disc disease. Our study demonstrates that epidural infiltrations can be an alternative in the overall management of inflammatory disc disease.
An OBE-Based Approach to Integrating Ideological and Political Education into Sports Anatomy Teaching
Authors: Ren Jianchang , Xiao Haili
Published: February 2025

This study explores the integration of ideological and political education into Sports Anatomy teaching using an Outcome-Based Education (OBE) approach. The increasing professional demands in sports medicine necessitate a comprehensive educational framework that not only emphasizes anatomical knowledge but also nurtures the ethical and humanistic aspects of healthcare. Furthermore, the evolving landscape of higher education underscores the importance of fostering well-rounded professionals who are not only skilled in their technical abilities but also possess strong values and ethical standards. The research addresses current challenges in higher education, where traditional anatomy teaching methods often emphasize technical knowledge while neglecting value-based education and professional ethics. Through systematic analysis and practical implementation, the study identifies key issues including insufficient integration between professional knowledge and ideological education, lack of innovative teaching methods, incomplete educational systems, and the need to enhance teachers' capabilities in delivering integrated content. The paper presents a comprehensive reform framework that incorporates digital technologies, interactive learning platforms, and innovative assessment methods to create a student-centered learning environment. The reformed curriculum successfully combines anatomical knowledge with ethical considerations, professional values, and humanitarian perspectives through case-based learning, virtual anatomy systems, and practical laboratory sessions. The implementation emphasizes professional development, educational philosophy integration, and continuous outcome assessment. Results demonstrate improved student engagement and enhanced learning outcomes in both professional competencies and ethical awareness. The study establishes a model for effectively uniting professional expertise with ideological education while maintaining high academic standards. These findings contribute to the dialogue on educational reform, highlighting the critical role of integrating value-based education within professional training programs. This reformed approach provides valuable insights for future educational reforms in anatomy teaching and related fields, highlighting the importance of balancing technical knowledge with value-based education in preparing students for their professional roles in sports medicine and rehabilitation.
Exploring the Impact of Overage Status on the Academic Performance of Primary School Students in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed Sakil
Published: February 2025

This study explores the characteristics of overaged primary school students in Bangladesh and evaluates their academic performance compared to right-aged peers, based on data from the 2019 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). The findings indicate that socio-economic factors significantly influence overage status, with children from poorer households more likely to be overaged than those from wealthier backgrounds. Parental education emerges as a critical factor, as children with educated parents are less likely to be overaged. Gender differences are also evident, with female students less likely to be overaged compared to male students. In terms of academic performance, overaged students perform notably worse than their right-aged counterparts. Socio-economic disparities further shape learning outcomes, as children from wealthier households and those with educated parents achieve better results. Female students consistently outperform males, emphasizing the need to address socioeconomic inequalities and strengthen parental engagement to ensure equitable and improved educational outcomes.
Concrete-Based Dual-Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell for Continuous Power Generation
Authors: Douma Marie , Katche Musong , Telem Nicole , Ayuk Ayuk , Tsafack Pierre , Ondel Olivier , Mieyeville Fabien
Published: February 2025

The increasing demand for sustainable electricity generation necessitates the exploration of innovative technologies. Biomass technology is emerging as a promising alternative to address the energy crisis for low-power devices and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. One of the methods to generate energy from this biomass is by using microbial fuel cells (MFC). However, the efforts made with this technology are still mainly limited at the laboratory scale, limiting its interest and its utilization for electrical power generation. This paper presents the real-life implementation and feasibility of a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell fabricated with concrete. 15 dual-chamber reactors were manufactured, with a volume of 0.5 liters for each chamber. Inside the anodic chamber, a carbon foam measuring 4.5 x 4.5 cm² was placed and used as the anode electrode. Two different electrode materials were used for the cathode electrodes. Six reactors used 4.5 x 4.5 cm2 carbon foam while the other 9 used graphite rods of 5 mm diameter and 15 cm long. The anode chamber was inoculated with a mixture of 25% cow dung and 75% tap water and then sealed airtight. Each cathode chamber was filled with 0.5 liters of saline solution. After 7 days of manipulation, the Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) obtained from this investigation ranged from 0.415 V to 0.732 V. That reflects the successful conversion of chemical energy of this waste in the concrete-based microbial fuel cell reactor into electrical energy. The average maximum power density obtained using graphite rod cathodes was 14.15 mW/m² while an average of 20.21 mW/m² was obtained from the MFCs using carbon foam cathodes. When the MFCs were stacked together in series, a total voltage of 8.5 V was observed.
Saraswati in Brahmin and Non-Brahmin Tradition: A Discussion
Authors: Chaturvedi Pragya
Published: February 2025

Goddess Saraswati is the patroness of art, culture and the fruits of the intellect. In Vedic hymns her name means “lady of the water” or “Flowing one”. The goddess originally derived her name from the river Saraswati. It has been conjectured that the river was attributed with powers of inspiration because many Vedic hymns were composed on its utterance. The Rigveda praises her intellectually refining presence. In puranic mythology she was associated with male deities such as Brahma and Vishnu, but she resumed autonomous status in puranic theologies and came to be worshipped independently. Saraswati became the goddess of learning, giver of wisdom to the newborn, bestower of poetic skill and granter of knowledge and wisdom. Saraswati is also known as the originator of the musical art. The objective of this paper is to show that the river Saraswati gradually in the form of goddess has been associated with intellect and artistic pursuits who pours forth the nectar of knowledge and artistic inspiration, nourishing the mind and spirit of the people. Various Saraswati images found from different parts of India indicate that the river Saraswati has been recognized in both brahmin and non-brahmin traditions overtime as the goddess of wisdom and goddess of music and art respectively.
Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Dairy Cow Milk Production Among Small-Scale Farmers in Marakwet East Sub-County, Elgeyo-Marakwet County, Kenya
Authors: Chelanga Richard , Ng’eno Elijah , Omega Joseph
Published: February 2025

Milk production in developing has remained lower than 20 litres/cow/day in developed countries. Subsequently the aim of the current study determined the influence of socio-economic factors on dairy cow milk production among small-scale dairy farmers in Marakwet East Sub-County, Kenya. Data was collected using a questionnaire from a sample of 220 small-scale dairy farmers through stratified and systematic random sampling. The descriptive results revealed that small-scale dairy farmers had a mean age of 47.1 ± 8.1 years, with family size of 5 members, farmer experience of 16.8 ± 8.1 years, with average annual income of 900 ± 250 USD. Majority of the small-scale farmers were male (65.8%), married (90.3%), with a primary level of education (53.1%) and were involved in full-time farming activities (63.3%). The multiple linear regression results revealed that socio-economic factors significantly (Adjusted R2 = 0.791, P < 0.01) influenced milk production at 79.1% where a unit increase in the level of education, family/household size, farmer’s experience and total annual farmer’s income had a positive impact of 60.2%, 109.1%, 131.1%, and 112.2% respectively on milk production. Strategies to improve milk production should encourage more women and youth to be proactive in the local dairy sector.
The Impact of Telemedicine in Morocco: A Transformative Shift in Healthcare Delivery
Authors: Jidane Said , Zidouh Saad , Belyamani Lahcen
Published: February 2025

Telemedicine, the remote delivery of healthcare services through digital technologies, has emerged as a transformative tool in modern healthcare systems worldwide. It plays a particularly crucial role in Morocco, where it helps bridge gaps in healthcare access, especially in rural and underserved areas. By enabling remote consultations, telemedicine allows specialists to diagnose, monitor, and treat patients without requiring physical presence, thereby improving the efficiency of healthcare delivery. This has proven especially beneficial for managing chronic diseases, reducing unnecessary hospital visits, and optimizing resource allocation within the healthcare system. Additionally, telemedicine minimizes logistical and financial burdens associated with medical travel, which is often a significant challenge for patients in remote regions. Despite these advantages, the widespread adoption of telemedicine in Morocco faces several barriers. Limited digital infrastructure, particularly in rural areas, remains a significant challenge, as does uneven internet accessibility and variable levels of digital literacy among healthcare providers and patients. So, there is a pressing need for clearer legal and regulatory frameworks to ensure patient data protection, standardize telemedicine practices, and integrate remote healthcare services into the national health system. The lack of formalized reimbursement policies and resistance to technological change among some healthcare professionals further hinder its expansion. This paper explores the current landscape of telemedicine in Morocco, highlighting its impact on healthcare accessibility and efficiency. It examines both the opportunities and challenges associated with its implementation and evaluates key policy and technological considerations necessary for its sustainable growth.
Participatory Planning and Project Performance in Rural Areas: A Case of Nsimbo District Council
Authors: Magesi Hezbon
Published: February 2025

Most rural areas in Tanzania suffer from inadequate service delivery that is due to inadequate social economic development projects that can help them attain such services. The government and other stakeholders have been allocating funds in rural areas to help solve certain pinching problems associated with lack of social economic infrastructures that include but not limited to schools, health facilities, water services and road services. Despite the fact that funds have been allocated to help solve the community’s problems, the communities have remained as they were since there has been lack of total community participation. To achieve the anticipated goals, it is necessary for the rural community to adopt participatory planning approach in implementing various development projects taking place in the community. The objective of this study was to assess how participatory planning affects performance of development projects in rural areas with particular focus of Nsimbo District Council. A sample of 92 respondents was used to achieve the purpose of the study. The study found that more than 70% of the respondents interviewed had knowledge on participatory planning, they knew their local leaders and the roles they played in development projects, and they understood the factors affecting effective participatory planning in attainment of project performance in their community. Respondents interviewed had at least received education of participatory planning, they understood their contribution towards achievement of development projects, they understood the sources of funds for carrying on the projects, and they had clear plans for projects sustainability. The key lesson learned from this study is that, better understanding of participatory planning resulted into robust achievement of social economic development projects in rural areas and thus will address the problems experienced by the local community. This calls for the government and policy makers to design appropriate participatory approach design than the existing Opportunity and Obstacles to Development that is currently being used.
Effect of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy with Awake Prone Position Ventilation vs. Supine Position Ventilation in Patients with Severe Pneumonia: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Zheng Aibo , Sun Kai , Ma Shengjun , Liu Ping , Shen Yibo , Gu Li , Peng Juan
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy combined with awake prone position ventilation (APPV) vs. supine position ventilation (SPV) in patients with severe pneumonia. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study enrolled patients diagnosed with severe pneumonia from the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Fourth People's Hospital of Zigong City between November 2021 and January 2023. The primary endpoint was the treatment effectiveness, and the secondary endpoints included 72 h respiratory rate oxygenation index, oxygenation index, procalcitonin within 72 h, C-reactive protein within 72 h and partial pressure of oxygen within 24 h, blood lactate within 24 h, total length of hospital stay, endotracheal intubation rate within 2 weeks, readmission rate within 6 weeks, mortality rate within 4 weeks and incidence of adverse events. Results: A total of 120 patients with severe pneumonia were enrolled, evenly divided with 60 patients receiving HFNC+APPV and the other 60 receiving HFNC+SPV. The HFNC+APPV group demonstrated higher efficacy (90.0% vs. 76.7%, P=0.040) and shorter length of hospital stay (11.00(9.00,13.00) vs. 12.00(10.00,16.00), P=0.004) compared to the HFNC+SPV group. There was no significant difference in ROX index, CRP, PCT, lactate, PO2 and the onset of days, times of transferred to ICU within 1 week, times of transferred to ICU within 2 weeks, endotracheal intubation rate within 2 weeks, readmission rate within 6 weeks and mortality rate within 4 weeks between the HFNC+APPV group and HFNC+SPV group (P>0.05). The generalized estimation equation showed that the OI index at 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h was significantly higher than that at 0h (P<0.001), however, there was no significant difference in the change between HFNC+APPV group and HFNC+SPV group (P=0.604). There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse events between the HFNC+APPV group and HFNC+SPV group (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that combining HFNC with APPV can enhance treatment efficacy and reduce hospitalization duration in severe pneumonia patients, offering valuable guidance for ventilation treatment positioning.
Symptoms and Impact of Double-J Stent on the Quality of Life After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Vietnam
Authors: Thanh Hien , Thi Lan
Published: February 2025

Background: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common treatment for kidney stones, and double-J (D-J) stenting is often employed post-procedure to ensure proper urine flow and avoid complications. However, double-J stents are known to cause discomfort, leading to a reduced quality of life. This study aims to evaluate the urinary symptoms and overall impact of D-J stents on quality of life following PCNL. Methods: This study was conducted prospectively on 200 patients who underwent PCNL and D-J stenting at Bach Mai Hospital. The Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ) was used to assess the impact on urinary symptoms, body pain, work performance, and general health. Data were collected both four weeks post-stent implantation and four weeks post-stent removal. Results: Among 200 patients (mean age 53.06 years), 82.5% experienced pain, predominantly in the kidney front area (77.4%) and kidney back area (54.7%). Sleep was interrupted in 77.4% of patients due to pain. Urinary symptoms included urgency (90.5%), urge incontinence (42.5%), dysuria (50.5%), and hematuria (40%). The symptoms negatively impacted work performance and sexual health. After stent removal, significant improvements were observed in all domains of the USSQ. Conclusions: Double-J stents are associated with significant symptoms that lower the quality of life in patients post-PCNL. Monitoring and care programs are necessary to manage these adverse effects effectively.