bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Cognitive and Behavioural Problems and Psychiatric Diagnoses in Preterm Born Children between 6-13 Years Old
Authors:   İstanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey, Bingöl Çağlayan Rahime Hülya , Ozcan Burcu Gökalp ,   Sanko University Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey, Yüksel Mine Elagöz ,   Üsküdar University School of Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey, Yanardoner Irem Hamamcioglu ,   Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Istanbul, Turkey, Çeri Veysi ,   Batman University, Child development, Batman, Turkey, Tunçay Merve Minkari ,   Izmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi, Administrative İzmir Turkey, Pamukcu Fatma Çölkesen ,   Free-Lance psychologist, Istanbul, Turkey, Urcan Güneş Özen ,   Free-Lance psychologist, Istanbul, Turkey, Ercan Tuğba Erener ,   Maltepe University School of Medicine Neonatology Department, Istanbul, Turkey, Dogangün Burak ,   İstanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Despite the increased survival rates follow up studies of preterm born children have documented increased prevalence of neurodevelopmental disabilities and cognitive deficits. By using psychiatric assessment, we aimed to evaluate cognitive functions by comparing preterm born babies according to the week of gestation by comparing the scores of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Form (WISC-R) in childhood. Material and methods: Children with a history of birth as preterm babies between 1998-2004 were included in the study. The children born between 27-36 weeks, currently 6-13 years old were admitted to the study. The controls consisted of healthy children chosen from the nearest primary school. The WISC-R test was administered to all children. Classification was made according to gestational age. The comparison of cognitive functions was performed by comparing the WISC-R scores of the preterm group and the control group. Results: 238 children were included in our prospective study. (case group: 175 children, control group: 63 children). Because of the comparison of the WISC-R scores of the preterm and control groups, the WISC-R verbal score and WISC-R total score were found to be statistically significant between the preterm and control groups. In the analysis made according to the gestation age, no statistical significance was found between the WISC-R Verbal, WISC-R performance, and WISC-R total scores according to the week of gestation. No statistically significant difference was found in terms of previous and current psychiatric diagnoses. Conclusions: While the WISC-R score was, found to be statistically significantly higher in the case group compared to controls. Our results differed from those in the literature that preterm children had a lower WISC-R score and it indicates the need to investigate this situation by further studies, even by different tests.
Plasmid carriage and the natural complexity of bacterial populations contributes to plasmid persistence
Authors:   LAL4Bsynbiotics L.L.C., Biotechnology, Los Angeles, California, United States, Hillman Tatiana
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Plasmids carry and transport genes that assist their hosts to survive in many environments. Many studies have examined the conditions for plasmid persistence in bacterial populations. A limitation includes that a majority of the mathematical models for examining plasmid persistence only included bacteria from similar colonies. However, most bacterial cells inhabit complex communities where plasmids disseminate between varied bacterial host cells. Thus, there is a gap in knowledge concerning the persistence of plasmids in natural bacterial populations. To address a few of these gaps in knowledge, the present study attempted to examine the effects of plasmid carriage on intrinsic stages of bacterial populations in Bacillus subtilis co-cultures. Material and methods: B. subtilis cells were transformed with CRISPR-hCas-9 plasmid vectors where the natural phases of bacterial growth, biofilm production, and antibiotic resistance were examined in relation to plasmid carriage. These three natural phases were measured in relation to plasmid carriage through in vitro co-culture assays. Results: After calculating the CFU/mL, bacterial growth in the B. subtilis-Carrier with Escherichia coli (B. sub-C-E. coli) and Vibrio harveyi (B. sub-C-VH) co-cultures significantly decreased with a paired-t-test two-tailed P=0. The WT B. subtilis-V.H samples, the B. subtilis Carrier-V.H co-cultures, and the controls each scored a total of 40, 47, and 46 of crystal violet (CV) intensity of biofilm, respectively. Biofilm formation decreased after co-culturing E. coli with the B. subtilis-Carrier, yielding a P<0.001. The antibiotic resistance levels of the co-cultures increased by 3% for the B. sub-C-V.H samples while the B. sub-C-E. coli co-cultures decreased in antibiotic sensitivity by approximately 1.5%. Conclusions: Plasmid carriage contributes to plasmid persistence via altering the natural phases of bacterial populations.
Takotsubo syndrome and impending thyroid storm: A case report and brief review of the literature
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia, Meza-González Yilmar Alexander , Alfonso-Arrieta Natalia ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia, Florez-García Víctor ,   Department of Public Health, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
Published: July 2022

Stress cardiomyopathy also called Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is characterized by transient regional systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle with electrocardiographic changes and an increase in troponin levels imitating myocardial infarction, but in the absence of angiographic evidence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Although the exact causal process has not been determined, it has been mentioned in connection with thyroid diseases. We describe a woman's case that experienced severe chest pain along with electrical and analytical abnormalities. Significant ventricular dysfunction was present, and the invasive coronary angiography revealed no lesions, which was compatible with stress cardiomyopathy. Impending thyroid storm due to Graves’ disease was observed as a trigger and it is imperative to identify and treat any clinical variables that could put patients at risk for Takotsubo syndrome or have an impact on the course of their treatment.
Effects of neural mobilization in the treatment of chronic low back pain: a systematic review
Authors:   Center of Physical Therapy Research, Centro Universitário de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Souza de Faria Suelen Carla , Carvalho Vilella Renato ,   Center of Physical Therapy Research, Centro Universitário de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, de Castro Toledo Guimaraes Laiz Helena ,   Center of Physical Therapy Research, Centro Universitário de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Crepaldi Lunkes Luciana ,   Center of Physical Therapy Research, Centro Universitário de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil,   Centro Universitário Augusto Motta, UNISUAM, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Low back pain appears in approximately two thirds of the population at some point in life and when it exceeds more than 12 weeks, it evolves to chronic low back pain. Chronic low back pain is considered one of the most common causes of disability and absence from work. A therapeutic technique that can be used as a treatment for chronic low back pain is neural mobilization, capable of restoring compromised neurological structures, restoring movement by improving the elasticity of neural tissue and adjacent tissues. Objective: To verify the effects of neural mobilization in patients with chronic low back pain. Material and methods: All articles were carefully evaluated in order to obtain concrete and reliable information. The databases used were Google Scholar, Scielo, Medline and PubMed due to the methodological quality and articles in the area of interest. The keywords “low back pain”, “chronic low back pain”, “neural mobilization” and “physiotherapeutic intervention” were combined in the most diverse possibilities, in English and Spanish translations. Results: 86 articles were found, nine of which were included in this review. They had a score ≥ 5 on the PEDro Scale, which methodologically qualifies the articles. After analyzing the results obtained through the selected articles, all the data collected, as well as their respective results, were described in a table that contains data from the articles. Conclusions: Neural mobilization reduces pain and improves the extensibility of tissues, causing a reduction in painful sensation and increased flexibility. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research in order to verify new results obtained through this type of intervention.
Keandalan dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Restaurant terhadap Revisit Guest Studi pada Food and Beverage Service di Narendra Restaurant
Authors: Asmara Denny
Published: July 2022

Food and Beverage Service Department bertanggung jawab untuk memenuhi kebutuhan makanan dan minuman para tamunya. Dalam menjalankan kegiatan operasional, pegawai Food and Beverage Service Department harus memiliki pengetahuan tentang cara penyajian makanan dan minuman yang benar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas pelayanan makanan dan minuman. Metode teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, studi pustaka, dokumentasi, dan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan Food and Beverage Department The Sunan Hotel Solo tergolong baik dan meliputi beberapa aspek yaitu tangible, reliability, daya tanggap, empati, jaminan yang dibuktikan dengan tamu yang membuat rekomendasi dan ulangi tamu. Dari penjabaran hasil pembahasan yang telah diuraikan di atas maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan oleh staff Food and Beverage di The Sunan Hotel Solo cukup baik sehingga menghasilkan kepuasan tamu.
Elio Vittorini e il 'caso Eliot' sulle riviste «Politecnico» e «Sud»
Authors: Gallitelli Eleonora
Published: July 2022

Il contributo mira a illustrare come, sulle pagine di «Politecnico» e «Sud», due riviste engagées dirette rispettivamente da Elio Vittorini e da Pasquale Prunas nell'immediato dopoguerra, il secondo e il quarto quartetto di T.S. Eliot abbiano subito, nelle versioni italiane di Raffaele La Capria e Tommaso Giglio, una sorta di appropriazione ideologica che sembra attribuibile allo stesso Vittorini.
Prevalência e Fatores Associados aos Motivos de Procura pelo Serviço de Emergência em Hospital na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba-PR
Authors: Amato Matheus , Ananias Leonardo , Da Silva Franciele Cascaes , Nazário Nazaré Otília
Published: July 2022

Identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados aos motivos de procura pelo Serviço de Emergência de um hospital de pequeno porte na região metropolitana de Curitiba-PR. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal realizado entre março a maio/2021. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de análise dos prontuários e entrevista com duração de 15 minutos com os pacientes. Foi realizada a análise descritiva e empregado o teste qui-quadrado para analisar a associação entre as características demográficas e os motivos de procura no SE mais prevalentes, bem como a RP com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança 95%. Participaram do estudo 170 pacientes: sexo masculino (52,9%), faixa etária entre 18-30 anos (41,2%), sem companheiro (52,4%), ensino médio (63,5%), em atividade ocupacional (52,4%). Foram classificado 82,3% como pouco/não urgentes e 75,9% tiveram alta após a consulta médica. Os motivos de procura pelo SE mais prevalentes foram os sintomas respiratórios (20%), trauma/ferimento (18,2%) e dor abdominal (10,7%). Houve associação com significância estatística entre características demográficas, sexo e faixa etária, com os motivos de procura mais prevalentes. Conclui-se que o perfil dos usuários apresenta discreta predominância do sexo masculino, adultos jovens, status profissional ativo e escolaridade nível médio. Os motivos de procura mais prevalentes foram sintomas respiratórios, trauma/ferimento e dor abdominal, com maior prevalência de atendimentos pouco/não urgentes. O SE presta atendimentos predominantemente de APS, decorrentes do baixo conhecimento dos pacientes dos níveis de atenção do SUS, predileção pelo SE, fragilidade e ineficiência das UBS.
Forage for Pre-weaning Calves: An Update
Authors:   Chief Highly Distinguished Professor and Nutritional Scientist, National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Iran, Nikkhah Akbar , Alimirzaei Masoud
Published: July 2022

Forage nutrition for pre-weaning calves hosts numerous practical questions and on-farm challenges. The present review article aimed to update and address the biological consequences of forage provision to pre-weaned dairy calves. Health, nutrient intake (milk plus solid feed), and rumen development are the most important factors related to calf growth in pre- and post-weaning periods. A growing body of evidence suggests that the health and growth performance of dairy calves in the pre-weaning period are associated with their later performance as dairy cows. It seems that starter feeding strategies, including grain type, processing method, feed texture, and forage inclusion during the critical pre-weaning period may have profound effects on rumen function and calf performance. It is well understood that grain fermentation by-products are essential for increased growth and absorptive capacity of the rumen papillae. Forage provision as a part of a starter diet has been a topic of recent research. The rumen pH is the main factor altering the fate of fermentation and eventually animal health. In the pre-weaned calf, two major hypotheses exist regarding forage feeding. The first hypothesis describes that the rumen is not completely developed in pre-weaned calves and forage provision during this period might increase gut fill, and hence, decrease starter intake. It is believed that depressed starter intake may limit energy intake and finally suppress calf growth rate. The second hypothesis indicates that the rumen pH may decline as calves age and starter intake increases. Accordingly, forage inclusion in calf starter diets could prevent further rumen pH decline and subsequent negative consequences while improving starter intake and calf growth. Research data regarding these hypotheses are controversial. Many factors, such as milk feeding method, grain, forage type, and experimental conditions could affect calf responses to dietary forage. The current review focused on the biological consequence of forage provision to young calves to provide a practical framework for better use of forages in pre-weaned calves feeding programs. Keywords: Forage, Growth, Pre-weaned calf, Rumen development
The Use of Soft Contact Bandage Lenses for Corneal Ulcer in Dogs and Cats: A Review
Authors: Pratumjorn Nattapat , Pumipuntu Natapol , Kusolsongkhrokul Ratchanon , Lorsirigool Athip
Published: July 2022

A corneal ulcer is the characteristic of the destruction of the corneal epithelium layer and loss of the stroma layer at various depths. At present time, soft bandage contact lenses are used in many countries for corneal ulcers in dogs and cats to protect their cornea, increase contact time with topical eyes solutions, and support corneal reepithelialization. This article aimed to review information on the use of soft contact bandage lenses to treat corneal ulcers in dogs and cats interms of their efficacy and precaution. The results of the present review have revealed that soft contact bandage lenses are used to protect the cornea, enhance contact time with topical eye treatments, reduce median healing time, and provide comfort in dogs and cats with corneal ulcers. In the case of serious infections and dry eyes, soft contact bandage lenses are not recommended. Keywords: Corneal ulcer, Incidence, Soft contact bandage lenses, Treatment
The Impact of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as Feed Supplementation on Productive and Physiological Performance of Broiler Chickens
Authors: El-Kaiaty Ahmed Mohamed , Atta Abd-El-Rahman Mohamed , Dawa Doha Tawfiq , El-sayed Tarek Ragab
Published: July 2022

A total of 450 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used to evaluate the effect of different inclusion levels of a partially black soldier fly (BSF), BSF Powder (BSFP), BSF Puré (BSFPr), and BSF frozen whole larvae (BSFL) on the growth performance, blood parameters, humoral immune response, and intestinal bacterial count of broiler chickens. The chickens were reared from day 1 to 35 and assigned to the control and 9 dietary groups with different forms of BSF (3 replicates per group with 15 chicks). Black soldier fly was included at levels of 2%, 4%, and 6% for BSFP, BSFPr, and BSFL, respectively, in the starter and growing diets. The results indicated similar body weight, weight gain, and the growth rate in chickens fed 4% BSFP, and 2% BSFPr during the experiment. There was a marked difference in blood parameters due to the different BSF forms and included percentages. The humoral immunity antibody titers against the Newcastle disease virus fluctuated among the experimental groups of different ages. Finally, it could be concluded that the BSF can be incorporated at a level of 4% in the form of powder and Puré in a broiler diet which seemed to be adequate to achieve the favorable results in growth performance, blood parameters, immunity, and bacteriological examination. Keywords: Black soldier fly, Insects, Black solidier fly powder, Humoral immune response, Soybean substitution
Nutritional Content of Adult Norway Rats for Small Carnivores’ Feeding
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics of the University of San Carlos of Guatemala, Ciudad Universitaria, 11 Avenida, Zona 12, Ciudad de Guatemala 01012, Guatemala, Delboy Natalie Mariel Baudrexel
Published: July 2022

Rats are the natural diet of many free-ranging carnivores. They are also fed to small carnivore mammals, raptor birds, and reptiles in captivity as a sole or partial diet, however, little is known about the nutrients that a rat can provide as animal feed. This study aimed to determine the nutritional content of the whole captive-bred Norway rats. A total of 12 randomly selected weaned male and female Wistar Norway rats were fed ad libitum with a local dry dog food diet. The rats were weighed weekly until an average weight of 300 g was reached. Biochemical and mineral analyses were carried out for each rat. The results of the study showed significant differences between male and female rats in terms of growth rate, crude protein, total fat, and calcium concentrations. Males presented a faster growth rate and reached the desired weight in around half the time (6 weeks), compared to females (13 weeks). Moreover, males had a higher percentage of crude protein (23.57%) on a fed matter basis, calcium (2.61%), and phosphorus (0.98%). Females showed higher total fat (13.92%) and lower crude protein (19.49%), calcium (0.54%), and phosphorus (0.47%), compared to males. The results of this research may be used to determine whether a whole rat can provide all the necessary nutrients to carnivore animals commonly kept in captivity. Present findings indicated that rats could provide the necessary nutrients, however, if given as a sole diet, they could not be enough to supply the nutritional requirements of animals in the long term.
Identification of Blood-sucking Flies of Bats in Lombok Island, Indonesia
Authors: Kholik Kholik , Atma Candra Dwi , Ningtyas Novarina Sulsia Ista’in
Published: July 2022

Bats and blood-sucking bat flies have an important role in transmitting several hemoparasites. Bat flies have been identified as vectors transmitting hemoparasites from wild bats. The purpose of the present study was to identify bats and their blood-sucking flies as vectors of hemoparasites in bat caves located at Lombok Island, Indonesia. In the course of the study, a survey was conducted on three bat caves from September to December 2018. The bats were captured by a net trap and the species of bats and bat flies were identified. A total of 66 captured bats were identified as Hipposideros species (n = 28), Eonycteris spelaea (n = 23), and Taphozouss species (n = 15). The blood-sucking flies were identified as Eucampsipoda sundaica on Eonycteris spelaea, and Stylidia cf. euxesta, Brachytarsina species, Raymondia species, and Megastrebla nigriceps on Hipposideros species. The results showed that five species of blood-sucking flies were present in captured bats. The bat and blood-sucking flies can influence the transmission of Polychromophilus species, Babesia species, Plasmodium species, and Trypanosoma species to humans and other hosts.
Effect of Labazyme on Growth Performance, Physiological Parameters, and Economic Efficiency of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Abdulwahid Ammar Salah , Mohammed Arkan Baraa , Raouf Samah Maiser , Aljumaily Tariq Khalaf Hasan
Published: July 2022

Enzymes have a significant positive effect on nutrient digestion, feed efficiency, and growth rate of poultry. The current experiment aimed to determine the optimal dosage levels of Labazyme as feed additives. A total of 240 one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to four groups with three replicates. The feeding experiment was carried out from hatching to day 42 of age. Three experimental groups contained Labazyme at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mg/kg of the total diet. The control group received a basal diet. Growth performance, European performance efficiency index (EPEI), production index (PI), biochemical and lipid profiles, as well as antioxidant parameters were then measured. The results showed that chickens fed Labazyme supplementation (1 and 1.5 mg/kg) had a higher growth performance than those in the control group. Nonetheless, there was a significant difference between the Labazyme and the control group in terms of feed intake. In addition, Labazyme groups had a significantly positive effect on broiler economic scores. The EPEI and PI of the Labazyme-fed chickens were both higher than the control. There was a non-significant difference in total protein, albumin, globulin, and uric acid. The serum glucose level of the chickens fed Labazyme (1 and 1.5 mg/kg) was lower, compared to the control group. In contrast, chickens that consumed a diet supplemented with Labazyme 1 and 1.5 mg/kg indicated lower serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and very-low-density lipoprotein levels in broilers, compared to the control group. Serum high-density lipoprotein levels were improved and more pronounced in chickens fed Labazyme, compared to the control group. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicated that supplementation of Labazyme could help the improvement of growth performance, lipid profile, and profitability of broiler chickens.
Molecular Diversity and Histopathological Findings of Novel Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains Isolated from Bull Semen
Authors: Abd El-Hafeiz Yasser Gamil Mahmoud , El-Mohamady Rania Salah , Behour Tahani Salama , Azab Ahmed Mohamed Saber , Assi Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed , Badr Magdy Ramadan , Dohreig Ragab Abdelmoneim , Gamal Inas Mohammed , Hassan Hany Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most common viral pathogens affecting the cattle industry worldwide. The present study aimed to molecularly characterize BVDV isolates that are currently circulating in breeding bulls farmed with cattle suffering from reproductive disorders, and also to assess the consequences of BVDV infection on bulls’ semen quality and conception, and its pathological effects on the structure of testicular tissue and spermatozoa. For this purpose, semen, serum, and testicular samples were collected from four breeding bulls in four private dairy farms in the governorates of Kafr-El Sheik, Beni-Suef, Giza, and Assuit, in Egypt from April 2019 to May 2020. An evaluation of sperm abnormalities was carried out by assessing the integrity of the plasma and acrosomal membranes where severe damage and abnormalities were found. Ultrastructure analysis of the spermatozoa by transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of a swollen plasma membrane with segmented outer acrosomal membrane of spermatozoa and vacuolar degenerated mitochondria. Histopathological examination of testicular and epididymal tissues indicated moderate to severe degenerative effects of virus infection on seminiferous tubules with hypospermatogenesis. By detection of virus antigen in the serum samples using ELISA, bulls were identified as persistently infected with BVDV. Virus isolation revealed four noncytopathic (NCP-BVDV) strains that were confirmed by fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) and amplification of the 5′ untranslated genomic region (5’UTR) and molecularly typed by amplification of the Erns glycoprotein region. Isolates’ Phylogenetic analysis revealed two subgenotypes: BVDV-1b (Genbank accession numbers; LC634512, LC634513, LC634515) and BVDV-1d (LC634516). According to the knowledge of the authors of the present study, the circulation of the BVDV-1d subgenotype is not reported in Egypt. Therefore, it would be of great importance to track circulating strains in specific countries for successful vaccination programs or accurate diagnostic tests, and this necessitates regular updates.
Growth, Laying, and Survival Rates of the Galba truncatula Snails Infected with Fasciola hepatica
Authors: Aimeur Fayçal , Mekroud Meriem , Khelifi-Touhami Nadjet Amina , Titi Amal , Ouchene Nassim , Mekroud Abdeslam
Published: July 2022

Fasciolosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases in ruminants in Algeria, of which the intermediate host is Galba truncatula (G. truncatula) snail. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Fasciola sp. in naturally infected G. truncatula snails using multiplex PCR. Secondly, it was targeted toward examining the rate of growth, survival, and laying of the snails in experimental conditions during 6 weeks of rearing in three tanks. This study was conducted in two different regions of Algeria, namely El Tarf and Constantine. The investigated tanks 1, 2, and 3 consisted of 12 (size 3-4 mm), 30 (size 5-6 mm), and 30 (size 7-8 mm) snails, respectively. Fasciola sp. DNA was detected in 33.33% of G. truncatula snails (25% in Constantine and 42.85% in El Tarf). The total survival rates in the first, second, and third tanks were 50%, 43.3%, and 40%, respectively. The obtained results indicated that the growth rate of the snail depended on its initial size (the smaller the initial size, the higher the weekly growth rate). The total growth rates were 3, 1.7, and 1.1 mm in tanks 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The use of multiplex PCR indicated a relatively high level of infestation of the snails by Fasciola sp. Snails larger than 7 mm had the highest lay rate. Further studies are needed to investigate other snails that may be infested with Fasciola sp.
Parascaris equorum in Horses of Payakumbuh City, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Zelpina Engki , Sujatmiko Sujatmiko , Silvia Noor Prima , Lefiana Delli
Published: July 2022

Parascaris equorum is a species of the Ascarididae family which belongs to the phylum nematoda (roundworms) and is a type of parasite that affects equine health, performance, and production. The current study was carried out from April to August 2021 to determine the prevalence of equine Parascaris equorum in horses residing in Payakumbuh City, Indonesia. A total number of 128 fecal samples from horses were examined in the current study. Coprological examination was performed for the detection of Parascaris equorum eggs inside the amassed samples. The overall occurrence of Parascaris equorum was 14.06% (18 out of 128). The prevalence rates of sub-districts differed with the highest in East at 18.18% (8/44), followed by North, South, and West at 16.66% (6/36), 14.06% (2/22), and 7.7% (2/26), respectively. The obtained results indicated a significant difference in the prevalence rate of Parascaris equorum between males and females as well as those horses aged < 5 years (26.22%) and > 5 years (3%). Therefore, it is critical to not only enhance horse health management, maintenance, and health but also to provide anti-parasitic medications on a regular basis.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Diarrheic Sheep
Authors:   Department of Animal Health, Infectious Diseases Unit, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt, Hafez Amani
Published: July 2022

One of the important agents causing gastroenteritis worldwide is Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni). The current study aimed to detect five virulence genes (flaA, virB11, ciaB, iam, and dnaJ) and two antibiotic resistance genes (gyrA and tetO) in C. jejuni obtained from sheep stool. The virulence genes were detected by PCR in 64 C. jejuni strains. The phenotypic resistance to five selected antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin, Gentamycin, Streptomycin, and Tetracycline) was screened with the microdilution method. The isolates with antibiograms were tested for detection of gyrA and tetO genes via PCR using specific primers. The virulence genes flaA (32%) and dnaJ (29%) had the highest prevalence. The tested isolates of C. jejuni revealed high resistance to both quinolone (68.3%) and tetracycline groups (48.4%) with an increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance of gyrA and tetO genes. Gentamycin and erythromycin offered better alternative drugs for the treatment of campylobacteriosis. To generalize the findings, extensive profiling that involves more virulence genes is required in several strains of Campylobacter.
Effect of Oral Administration of Honey on Hemato-biochemical Parameters of Dogs with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Clinical, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Suartha I Nyoman , Sudimartini Luh Made ,   Department of Veterinary Clinical, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Jayanti Putu Devi ,   Department of Veterinary Clinical, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Wijayanti Ni Putu Ayu Dewi ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia
Published: July 2022

Honey from Trigona species is widely used as herbal medicine in humans due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects as well as the potential to increase body resistance and boost blood formation. The current study aimed to determine the hemato-biochemical profile of dogs with atopic dermatitis treated with Trigona honey. The hematology profile included the measurement of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte index, as well as blood biochemical parameters, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and blood sugar. A total of 12 local dogs aged 4 months old were divided into two treatment groups, namely the control group (G1) and treatment with liquid Trigona honey at a dosage of 5 ml/dog/day (G2) for 35 days. Then, blood was collected and tested for routine and chemical blood assay. The results showed that the administration of fresh Trigona honey (5 ml/day for 5 weeks) exhibited a significant increase in most of hematological variables of dogs with atopic dermatitis, compared to G1. The results of blood biochemical profiles (AST, ALT, and blood glucose) remained unaffected by the treatment of Trigona honey. It can be concluded that honey from Trigona spp. was safe to be given to the dogs with dermatitis and no adverse physiological effects were observed during the present study.
The Transmission Pattern of Amoebiasis in Bale Zone, South East Ethiopia
Authors:   School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia, Jilo Sufian Abdo , Kadir Mukarim Abdurahman ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia, Hussein Johar Aliye ,   School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia, Nair Sureshkumar P ,   Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Published: July 2022

Amoebiasis is a primarily zoonotic disease, mainly transferred through the fecal-oral route and waterborne. Amoebiasis is still a big challenge for human and animal health and is a major cause of diarrhea in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, the study was conducted to assess the epidemiology of the disease in humans, dogs, and the occurrence of the parasite in water bodies. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in selected districts of the Bale zone in southeastern Ethiopia. Pet owners were selected randomly. Socio-demographic data were collected using a questionnaire and fecal samples were used to perform microscopic examination. A total of 383 fecal samples of humans, 383 fecal samples of dogs, and 58 water samples were studied from December 2019 to July 2020. Of 383 humans, 179 were males and 186 were females, while 94 individuals were grouped as children younger than 8 years, 164 were grouped as youth within the age range of 8-18 years, and 125 were grouped as adults who were older than 18 years. Of 383 local breeds, dogs were grouped as 87 puppies younger than one year, 192 young dogs with the age range of 1-2 years, and 104 adult dogs who were older than 2 years. Fecal samples were taken from 173 male and 210 female dogs. The water samples were taken randomly from the water sources (river, lake, pond, or water tank) at different sites where dogs and humans can easily contact water to use for different purposes. Of the total samples, 70 humans (18.3%), 63 dogs (16.5%), and 16 water samples (27.6%) were contaminated with the parasite. The major risk factors for the transmissions of parasites were contaminated drinking water, large family size, open-air defecation, and improper handwashing. The present study revealed that the human reservoir was a major risk factor for the spread and transmission of amoebiasis in dogs. The high prevalence of the disease might be due to open-air defecation, unhygienic health practices, domestic animals inside the houses, and using local water bodies as a drinking source.
Diagnosis and Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants Disease in Small Ruminants: A Review
Authors:   Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt, Mahmoud Mohamed A , Ghazy Alaa A ,   Parasitology and Animal Diseases Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt, Shaapan Raafat M. ,   Department of Zoonotic Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, P.O. 12622, Egypt
Published: July 2022

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is an acute highly contagious febrile disease of sheep and goats characterized by erosive and necrotizing stomatitis and associated with severe pneumo-enteritis and bronchopneumonia ended by recovery or death. The aim of the present study was to throw light on the diagnosis and control of PPR. Diagnosis of PPR depends on clinical signs, pathological lesions, and specific detection of the viral antigen, viral genome, or specific antibodies by serological tests and nucleic acid-based assays. The most commonly used diagnostic techniques are cell culture isolation, agar gel immunodiffusion, hemagglutination tests, immunocapture ELISA, and competitive ELISA. In addition to the abovementioned techniques, virus neutralization tests and reverse transcriptase PCR are used. Peste des Petits Ruminants is characterized by high fever associated with watery nasal and ocular discharges, mucopurulent stomatitis, and broncho-pneumonia. Moreover, severe bloody diarrhea and the disease associated with high levels of mortality reached up to 90%. The diagnosis of viral diseases is important in determining the control strategies. Therefore, it can be concluded that recent diagnostic tools are urgently needed not only for the diagnosis but also for following-up combating programs and control of viral diseases. Early and rapid complete identification of infectious viral agents in small ruminants as well as in the surrounding environment is recommended for effective control of PPR. The control program depends mainly on vaccination, hygiene and sanitation measures, and effective quarantine measures.
Bats and Antibiotic Resistance: A Culprit or a Victim?
Authors:   INNO - Veterinary Laboratory, R. Cândido de Sousa 15, 4710-503 Braga, Portugal, Garcês Andreia ,   Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, CRL -CESPU, R. Central Dada Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal,   CITAB - University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
Published: July 2022

In the last decades, the increase of antimicrobial resistance bacteria has become a concern for public health. Bats’ ability to fly, form colonies for a long lifespan, and inhabit a variety of diverse ecological niches make them successful species in terms of adaptation and distribution on earth. Moreover, these characteristics let them act as the potential natural reservoir of numerous zoonotic pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi). Bat bacteriome knowledge is still very scarce, but a few studies have indicated that bats are hosts of antimicrobial resistance and play an important role in the dispersion of resistance in the environment. Moreover, bats are vulnerable to acquiring these pathogens since they sometimes live in close contact with humans and domestic animals. Therefore, the present study aimed to compile the latest studies that describe the presence of antibiotic-resistant in bats. Based on the papers analyzed for this review, it is possible to conclude that bats are hosts of pathogenic bacteria that carry numerous antibiotic resistance. Extended-spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs) or Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus which nowadays days are a great public health concern, have already been reported in these animals, with some isolated strains being of Human origin. Although not completely understood regarding the dynamics and transmission routes, bats seem to have an important role in the dissemination and acquisition of antibiotic resistance in the environment. They can be contaminated by bacteria with antibiotic resistance and disperse through the environment. However, they also can be the host of bacteria that carry antibiotic resistance.
Identification signs of public actions aimed at discrediting the use of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in order to protect the interests of the Russian Federation and its citizens, maintain international peace and security, or exercise the powers of state bodies of the Russian Federation for these purposes (Art. 20.3.3 of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation and Art. 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Бычков Василий Васильевич
Published: July 2022

В статье раскрыты необходимость специальной военной операции на Украине и причины введения в КоАП РФ и УК РФ правовых норм, предусматривающих административную и уголовную ответственность за публичные действия, направленные на дискредитацию использования Вооруженных Сил Российской Федерации в целях защиты интересов Российской Федерации и ее граждан, поддержания международного мира и безопасности, а также исполнения государственными органами Российской Федерации своих полномочий в указанных целях. Рассмотрены объективные признаки правонарушения и преступления, предусмотренных соответственно ст. 20.3.3 КоАП РФ и ст. 280.3 УК РФ. Определен момент окончания правонарушения и преступления. Охарактеризованы термины «Вооруженные Силы Российской Федерации, военнослужащий, публичность, дискредитация, призывы, объекты жизнеобеспечения, объекты транспортной инфраструктуры, объекты социальной инфраструктуры, кредитная организация, объекты энергетики, объекты промышленности, объекты связи». Материал проиллюстрирован примерами судебной практики.

The article reveals the need for a special military operation in Ukraine and the reasons for the introduction of legal norms in the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation and the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation providing for administrative and criminal liability for public actions aimed at discrediting the use of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in order to protect the interests of the Russian Federation and its citizens, maintain international peace and security, as well as the performance by the state bodies of the Russian Federation of their powers for these purposes. The author considers objective signs of an offense and a crime under Article 20.3.3 of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation and Article 280.3 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, and determines the moment of termination of the offense and crime. The article describes the terms “Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, serviceman, publicity, discrediting, calls, life support facilities, transport infrastructure facilities, social infrastructure facilities, credit organization, energy facilities, industrial facilities, communications facilities.” The material is illustrated with examples of judicial practice.
Prevention of crimes related to smuggling detected by customs authorities in international mail
Authors: Кожуханов Николай Михайлович , Пулин Александр Олегович
Published: July 2022

В статье анализируются контрабандообразующие составы преступлений, имеющие место при перемещении товаров в международных почтовых отправлениях, выявление которых отнесено к компетенции таможенных органов. Авторами исследуются формы профилактического воздействия, предусмотренные по законодательству Российской Федерации применительно к рассматриваемым составам преступлений. Методология исследования обусловлена использованием таких методов исследования, как формально-юридический (при исследовании форм профилактического воздействия) и контент-анализ (при анализе практики правоприменения). Авторами определены системные проблемы в применении различных форм профилактического воздействия, направленных на контрабандообразующие составы преступлений, выявляемые таможенными органами в международных почтовых отправлениях.

The article analyzes smuggling, which form the elements of crimes that occur when moving goods in international mail, the identification of which is within the competence of the customs authorities. The authors study the forms of preventive impact provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation in relation to the offenses under consideration. The research methodology is based on the use of formal legal (in the study of forms of preventive impact) and content analysis (in the analysis of law enforcement practice). The authors identifies systemic problems in the application of various forms of preventive action aimed at smuggling crimes detected by customs authorities in international mail.
Defects in the normative model of participation of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in the national system for the prevention of offenses
Authors: Валов Сергей Владимирович
Published: July 2022

Эффективность правового регулирования обеспечивается согласованностью правовых норм, упорядочивающих сходные правоотношения, но дифференцированных по различным законам. Противоречие между единством предмета правового регулирования и отраслевой дифференциацией норм выражается в дефектах нормотворчества. Частным случаем проявления дефектов нормотворчества является правовая модель деятельности Следственного комитета Российской Федерации в национальной системе профилактики правонарушений. Цель: описать, объяснить и упорядочить выявленные дефекты нормотворчества при определении полномочий Следственного комитета Российской Федерации в системе профилактики преступлений, разработать варианты их исправления. Для решения задач применялись методология отраслевой правовой дефектологии, системный подход, метод правового моделирования и методы толкования правовых норм. В результате исследования выделены дефекты правовых норм, определяющих роль и место Следственного комитета Российской Федерации в государственной системе профилактики правонарушений. Установлена необходимость корректировки правовых норм, устанавливающих состав субъектов профилактики, содержание их компетенции и виды нормативных источников. Обосновано разграничение отраслевой принадлежности специальных мер и общего характера форм профилактического воздействия. Разработаны варианты устранения выявленных дефектов нормотворчества.

The effectiveness of legal regulation is ensured by the consistency of legal norms governing similar legal relations, but differentiated according to various laws. The contradiction between the unity of the subject of legal regulation and the sectoral differentiation of norms is expressed in defects in rulemaking. The legal model for the activities of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in the national system for the prevention of offences is a special case of defects in norm-setting. Purpose: to describe, explain and streamline the identified defects in rulemaking in determining the powers of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in the crime prevention system, and develop options for correcting them. To solve the problems, a methodology of sectoral legal defectology, a systematic approach, a method of legal modeling and methods of interpreting legal norms were used. As a result of the study, defects in the legal norms governing the role and place of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in the state system for the prevention of offenses were identified. It is necessary to adjust the legal norms establishing the composition of the subjects of prevention, the content of their competence and the types of regulatory sources. The distinction between the sectoral affiliation of special measures and the general nature of forms of preventive impact is justified. Options for elimination of identified defects in rulemaking have been developed.
On the essence and legal basis of the disclosure of crimes
Authors: Харченко Сергей Владимирович
Published: July 2022

В статье рассматриваются основные признаки понятия «раскрытие преступлений», которые в своей совокупности указывают на его сущность. Обосновывается точка зрения о том, что задача раскрытия преступлений представляет собой многоплановую проблему, которую должны решать не только оперативные подразделения, но и другие органы и должностные лица, призванные осуществлять досудебное производство по уголовным делам. Делаются выводы, что для своевременного и полного раскрытия преступления необходимо осуществить целую систему организационных мер, следственных действий, оперативно-разыскных и иных мероприятий, направленных на выявление (обнаружение) самого преступления, установить через признаки его событие и состав, конкретных лиц, виновных в этом преступлении, обеспечить при необходимости их задержание и наказание.

The article examines the main features of the concept of “crime detection,” which together indicate its essence. The author substantiates the point of view that the task of solving crimes is a multifaceted problem that should be solved not only by operational units, but also by other bodies and officials called upon to carry out pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases. The author concludes that for timely and full disclosure of the crime, it is necessary to implement a whole system of organizational measures, investigative actions, operational-search and other measures aimed at identifying (detecting) the crime itself, to establish through the signs of its event and composition, specific persons guilty of this crime, to ensure, if necessary, their detention and punishment.