bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zakat Para Youtuber dalam Pandangan Hukum Islam
Authors:   Al Azhar University, Nurrohim Ahmad Hujaj
Published: June 2022

Zakah of YouTubers. Besides being a medium of entertainment and information, YouTube is currently one of the jobs. This article provides answers to the income problems of YouTubers. First, identify YouTuber income from the standpoint of Islamic law. Second, the pros and cons of the amount of zakat that must be excluded from their income. Zakat Para YouTuber. Selain menjadi media hiburan dan informasi, YouTube saat ini menjadi salah satu lapangan pekerjaan. Artikel ini memberikan jawaban terhadap masalah penghasilan para YouTuber.Pertama, mengidentifikasi penghasilan YouTuber dari sudut pandang hukum Islam. Kedua, pro-kontra besaran zakat yang wajib dikeluarkan dari penghasilan mereka.
Nalar Metodologi Fiqh Imam Nawawi Tentang Jual Beli Buah Sebelum Layak Panen
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Sobah Achmad Nur
Published: June 2022

Imam Nawawi memperbolehkan jual beli buah sebelum layak panen dengan syarat harus dipetik dan buah yang dipetik tersebut harus memiliki kemanfaaan bagi manusia. Dalam hal ini beliau secara teks, hukum yang diterapkan oleh Imam Nawawi tersebut bertentangan dengan hadis Nabi, pemikiran beliau tidak serta merta meninggalkan hadis, justru beliau mendatangkan Hadis yang secara tidak langsung memberikan indikasi bahwa hukum jual beli buah sebelum layak panen diperbolehkan dengan syarat buah yang dibeli harus dipetik secara langsung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pustaka (Library Research). Data dianalisa dari kitab-kitab fiqh karya Imam Nawawi. Aspek yang diteliti dalam pembahasan ialah pemakaian serta penerapan dasar Al-quran, Hadis dan Ijmā’ serta argumentasi Imam Nawawi tentang persyaratan manfaat pada buah sebelum layak panen, kesahihan dalil, aspek manfaat dan mudarat atas konsekuensi hukum kebolehan jual beli buah sebelum layak panen dengan syarat harus langsung dipetik buahnya saat akad. Kesimpulan yang muncul pada pembahasan ini ialah, pertama bahwa penetapan hadis yang digunakan oleh Imam Nawawi sesuai dengan maksud hadis. Kedua, persyaratan manfaat atas buah yang buah sebelum layak panen sesuai dengan syara dan rukun jual beli. Ketiga, dalil yang digunakan oleh Imam Nawawi dinyatakan Şahīh serta Ijma yang dimaksud dalam istilah penentuannya ialah Ijma Zanni.
Pendekatan Maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah Kontemporer dalam Perilaku Ekonomi
Authors:   UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Abdurrahman Landy T.
Published: June 2022

The maqāṣid asy-Syarī‘ah (objectives of syariah) have become a growing discussion in the contemporary Islamic world. Maqāṣid asy-Syarī‘ah is now developed into an approach, not just as a concepts. The maqāṣid asy-Syarī‘ah approach should be applicable to various problems and also should be used to measure the extent to which the objectives of Shari'a are realized in human behavior also in human’s economic behavior. The maqāṣid asy-Syarī‘ah approach developed by Jasser Auda has put the maqāṣid asy-Syarī‘ah as a philosophical foundation for the existence of Islamic law. Maqāṣid asy-Syarī‘ah approach is no longer the normative measure of a Islamic law (fiqh) product, but rather the application and implications of the establishment of a product of Islamic law (fiqh).
Prinsip Investasi di Pasar Modal Syari’ah (Tafsir Ayat Investasi)
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Author M. Nailul
Published: June 2022

Manusia tidak akan tahu apa yang akan terjadi di masa depannya, sehingga harus mampu mempersiapkan apa saja yang menjadi penunjang kebutuhan di masa depannya. Untuk mencukupi kebutuhan dan meminimalisir hal buruk yang akan terjadi, manusia dapat melakukan investasi sebagai penopang kelangsungan hidupnya di masa depan. Salah satu bentuk menjaga kelangsungan hidup pada masa yang akan datang yaitu melalui investasi yang merupakan upaya menahan harta, hal tersebut diperbolehkan dalam Islam. Salah satu kegiatan investasi yang dilakukan oleh investor adalah menanam saham di pasar modal syari’ah. Islam telah mengatur investasi dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadis untuk pedoman bagi umat manusia. Maka dari itu untuk mengetahui hal tersebut penulis akan melakukan penelitian beberapa ayat Al- Qur’an dan Hadis Nabi saw melalui tafsir tematik atau maudhu’i mafhum ma’nawi yang merupakan metode tafsir yang dilakukan sesuai dengan tema dan merupakan makna yang berkesuaian bertujuan agar terhindar dari larangan agama. Dalam penelitian yang pernah dilakukan menghasilkan bahwa investasi sudah tertulis dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadis dan hal tersebut diperbolehkan selama tidak melanggar aturan. Sementara hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat beberapa ayat yang membahas tentang prinsip investasi serta pengklasifikasian ayat Makiyyah dan Madaniyyah beserta tafsirannya dan terdapat hadis yang menjelaskan.
Kewajiban Nafkah Suami Penyandang Disabilitas
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Hasmiyati Cut
Published: June 2022

Hukum Islam membebankan kewajiban nafkah keluarga pada suami. Pembebanan ini mengharuskan seorang suami untuk memiliki kematangan fisik, tetapi perlu disadari bahwa tidak semua manusia yang terlahir di muka bumi ini dalam keadaan normal. Ada sebagian manusia yang lahir dalam keterbatasan fisik maupun psikis, atau terlahir dalam keadaan normal kemudian menjadi penyandang disabilitas akibat sakit atau kecelakaan. Dalam penelitian ini penulis ingin mengkaji lebih dalam terkait bagaimana pemenuhan kewajiban nafkah suami penyandang disabilitas dan bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pemenuhan nafkah dari suami penyandang disabilitas di Kelurahan Demangan Kecamatan Gondokusuman Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian lapangan yang bersifat deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan normatif. Hasil penelitian kewajiban nafkah suami penyandang disabilitas sebenarnya masih bisa diupayakan dengan keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh seorang suami, namun masih belum bisa mencukupi kebutuhan hidup keluarganya. Ada lima keluarga yang suaminya telah menyandang disabilitas jauh sebelum terjadinya pernikahan akan tetapi isterinya ikhlas dengan kondisi yang dialami oleh suaminya dan ada satu keluarga yang suaminya sebagai penyandang disabilitas setelah terjadinya pernikahan yang isteri tidak bisa menerima kondisi tersebut. Dari keenam keluarga tersebut semuanya sesuai dengan apa yang disyari’atkan dalam hukum Islam. Apabila para suami tidak mampu memberikan nafkah karena sakit atau cacat maka hal ini merupakan suatu ‘illat pengecualian.
Urgensi Hakam dalam Pelestarian Perkawinan Menurut Pandangan Ulama Tafsir
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Mustahal Muhamad
Published: June 2022

Hakam adalah salah satu unsur yang penting dalam penyelesaian permasalahan perceraian, karena hakam adalah pihak ketiga yang berusaha menyelesaikan permasalahan dengan bijaksana. Dan ini sesuai dengan perintah Allah untuk mengutus hakam jika dikhawatirkan akan terjadi percekcokan antar suami istri. Adanya petunjuk Qur’ani ini sudah menjelaskan akan pentingnya hakam dalam membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan keluarga baik yang berpendapat bahwa perintah itu lil wujub atau hanya sunat. Dari beberapa kitab tafsir yang membahas pendapat para ulama tafsir adalah tafsir al-Qurtubi. Oleh karena itu objek penelitian ini ditumpukan pada tafsir al-Qurtubi, selain kitab-kitab lain sebagai tambahan referensi. Dalam tulisan ini ditemukan bahwa Peran hakam begitu penting dalam proses pelestarian perkawinan. Adanya perintah mengutus hakam dari pihak suami dan pihak istri ketika kondisi keluarga sudah mencapai puncak pertengkaran dan perselisihan menjadi bukti akan pentingnya hakam.
Kritik Pemikiran Taqiyyudin Al-Nabhani Tentang Zakat Uang Kertas
Authors:   Pondok Pesantren An Nawawi Purworejo, Rifa’i Rifa’i
Published: June 2022

Money is usability standard contained in the goods and labor. Money can be classified into two types, namely coins and paper money. Coin money is made ​​of minerals such as gold, silver, copper, tin and nickel. Paper money is money which is made ​​of paper, as a replacement of gold or silver or made ​​of a mixture of gold or silver or a mixture of both is secured wholly or partly by gold and silver. Paper money as a kind of currency that existed at this time has dominated the economy and replaced the gold and silver as a means of exchange. By the money, the actors of economic can conduct transactions anytime, anywhere, and with anyone easily and efficiently. This will certainly lead to the rapid development of the real sector, because it is considered an asset that can be used as a means of exchange and received by the general public, the Al-Nabhani charity requires it. In the excavation of law relating to zakat of paper money, al-Nabhani used the literal approach and used the method of qiyas. The lawyer-as the basis of qiyas are passages that describe the zakat of gold and silver as well as the Hadith that shows about currency and valuables, such as word riqqah, wariq, dinars and dirhams, hadith about diyat, and prohibition ihtikar. The essence of Allah forbade the hoarding of gold and silver, and ordered to remove the charity from both. The money is legal equated with gold and silver because there are 'illat that on the day of the gold and silver that paragraph applies as currency, in addition to his position as a mineral that has essential value. 'Illat is justifiable because history proves that gold and silver are the currency used to trade through out the life of the Prophet and the caliphs afterwards.
Iḥtikār dalam Pemikiran Imam Ghazali dan Yusuf Qardhawi
Authors:   STAIN Bengkalis, Fakhruddin Imam
Published: June 2022

Imam Ghazali berpendapat dalam kitabnya yang terkenal Iḥyā’ ̒Ulūmuddīn bahwa penimbunan itu terkait dengan jenis dan waktunya. Selanjutnya Imam Ghazali menyatakan, bahwa dari segi jenisnya, larangan penimbunan hanya terdiri dari makanan pokok saja, sedangkan sesuatu yang bukan makanan pokok dan tidak membantu makanan pokok seperti obat-obatan, pakaian, wewangian dan lainnya tidak dikenai larangan penimbunan. Sedangkan pendapat Yusuf Qardhawi dalam kitab al-Halāl wa al-Harām fī al-Islām beliau berbeda pendapat dengan Imam Ghazali, bahwa beliau tidak secara spesifik menyebutkan jenis barang tertentu. Beliau mencontohkan pada zaman sekarang obat-obatan telah menjadi kebutuhan pokok manusia, demikian pula halnya dengan pakaian dan lain-lain. Dengan demikian dalam pandangannya haram hukumnya untuk menimbun setiap macam kebutuhan manusia seperti makanan, obat-obatan, pakaian, alat-alat sekolah, alat-alat rumah tangga, alat-alat kerja dan sebagainya. Oleh karena itu, maka penulis tertarik untuk meneliti kajian tentang iḥtikār menurut pemikiran Imam Ghazali dan Yusuf Qardhawi. Dalam karya ilmiah ini, jenis penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research), pendekatan yang penulis gunakan adalah pendekatan Uṣhūliyyah yaitu penggalian hukum atau masalah yang diteliti dan dibahas. Sedangkan Analisis data yang penulis gunakan adalah analisis data kualitatif yaitu menganalisis data yang terkumpul dengan metode deskriptif analitik, yaitu menggambarkan tentang obyek yang akan diteliti. Dari penelitian ini Imam Ghazali mendasari pendapatnya dengan menggunakan dalil Hadis yang bermakna khusus, yaitu iḥtikār diharamkan hanya terhadap makanan kebutuhan pokok saja. Menurut beliau iḥtikār mengandung unsur kezaliman dan bertentangan dengan konsep al-Maqāṣid al-Syar’iyyah. Akhirnya penulis menyimpulkan bahwa pendapat Imam Ghazali tentang iḥtikār diharamkan tergantung pada tingkat ke-maḍarat-an yang ditimbulkan. Sedangkan Yusuf Qardhawi mendasari pendapatnya dengan menggunakan dalil Hadis yang bermakna umum, yaitu iḥtikār diharamkan terhadap semua jenis barang yang menjadi kebutuhan pokok manusia. Pendapat Yusuf Qardhawi inilah yang relevan dengan kehidupan masa kini.
Polemik Sultan Perempuan di Yogyakarta (Studi Pasca Kebijakan Penetapan Gusti Pembayun Menjadi Putri Mahkota)
Authors:   UINSunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Adiakarti Farid Muhammad Rifa’at
Published: June 2022

Yogyakarta is led by a Sultan who concurrently serves as governor. The sultan who ruled at this time, Sultan Hamengkubuwa X did not have a son to be appointed as crown prince but according to court customs, if he did not have a son then the royal throne would fall to the sultan's younger brother. At present, the Sultan has appointed his eldest daughter to be the legitimate heir to the royal throne, contrary to customs. This raises the pros and cons of the internal and external courts. This paper looks at the issue of the appointment of the crown princess as the victory of the struggle of the women's movement to achieve equal rights and degrees towards men.
Implementasi Konvensi Hak Anak (KHA) dalam Putusan Ḥaḍānah di Pengadilan Agama Sleman
Authors:   UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Rofiki Fakhris Lutfi
Published: June 2022

The author is interested in the decision regarding Child Custody which originated from the existence of divorce, so that when the verdict regarding divorce occurred indirectly it would be a matter of ḥaḍānah. With the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in which there is a problem of good principles for children, according to the authors it is interesting to study, using the best interest of child theory, how later the implementation of the Convention on Child Rights in a Child Custody decision and how later the judge in considering a case ḥaḍānah will refer to the principles of the CRC or not, besides using the Compilation of Islamic Law and the Marriage Law etc. This is the qualitative research based on descriptive analytic. Research results that the application of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in the ḥaḍānah decision in the Sleman Religious Court is inseparable from seeing the condition of the child (whose willingness / comfort to live with, environment, education) all must see or refer to the child or the child's interests without exception.
Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Pembentukan Keluarga Sakinah pada Prajurit TNI di Batalyon Infanteri 403/Wirasada Pratista Yogyakarta
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Abqori Najih
Published: June 2022

This study examines the consideration of forming a sakinah family, Every TNI family in Infantry Battalion 403 / WP had their respective efforts in forming a sakinah family. In these efforts there are various obstacles, such as when a husband is assigned to a certain area for a period of six months to one year and the wife must be in the dormitory. Given this phenomenon, the authors are interested in researching and knowing more about the efforts in forming a sakinah family and reviewing these efforts with a review of Islamic law. This type of research is field research using qualitative data analysis. This research is a descriptive analysis, while the data collection used is observation and interviews. The approach used is normative-juridical. Based on the research that the author did, the efforts made are: First, maintaining good communication. Second, be honest, trust each other, look after each other, teach courtesy, respect each other and remind each other. Third, apply the principle of deliberation. Fourth, teach religious education. The environment in the Yonif 403 / WP military dormitory can have an effect, but not all of it, is the main reason for forming a sakinah family, because a sakinah family is a goal to be achieved by each family.
Dinamika Sengketa Perdata Islam di Pengadilan Agama Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors:   UIN Walisongo Semarang, Rofiq M Khoirur
Published: June 2022

The authority of the Religious Courts is regulated in Law Number 7 of 1989, then changed to Law Number 3 of 2006, and changed back to Law Number 50 of 2019. Inside it explained that the Religious Court has the authority to examine, decide upon, resolve cases at the first level among people who are Muslim in the fields of marriage, inheritance, wills, grants, endowments, zakat, infaq, shadaqah, and sharia economics. The purpose of this study is to describe the dynamics of the case in the Yogyakarta Religious Court in accordance with its legal authority (2010-2014). The exercise of authority of the Religious Courts in Yogyakarta has been carried out in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations, the types of disputed cases include family and sharia economic matters which are divided into several cases; (1) Polygamy, (2) Prevention of Marriage and Cancellation of Marriage, (3) Rights and Obligations of Husband and Wife, (4) Divorce Cases, (5) Sharing of Common Assets, (6) Disputes over the Rights of the Child, (7) Cases of Child Endorsement , (8) Revocation of Parental Power from Children, (9) Case of Guardianship, (10) Proof of Child's Origin, (11) Marriage Isbat, (12) Application for Marriage Permit and Marriage Dispensation, (13) Case of Guardian Adhol, ( 14) Shari'a Economic Cases, (15) inheritance disputes, (16) Probate disputes, (17) Grant disputes, (18) Wakaf property management disputes, (19 Requests for determining inheritance assets distribution.
A Personal Social Responsibilty In Hadits Personal Social Responsibilty dalam Hadis Nabi (Sebuah Kajian Hadis Nabi “Setiap Orang Muslim Wajib Bersedekah")
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Nur Muhammad
Published: June 2022

Bersedekah tidak terbatas dengan harta atau materi saja, dengan menggunakan fisik juga bisa. Salah satunya yaitu dengan melakukan perbuatan baik kepada seseorang, itu sudah termasuk ke dalam kategori bersedekah. Dalam hal ini konteks Hadis yang menjelaskan tentang seputar sedekah pun tidak sedikit jumlahnya dan tidak terdapat hanya dalam satu kitab, tetapi terdiri dari berbagai kitab. Disampig itu buku-buku yang membahas dan menguraikan hadis-hadis tentang sedekah juga sudah banyak. Tetapi kebanyakan pembahasanya lebih banyak yang berkenaan dengan sedekah materi dan juga tidak ada penjelasan tentang kualitas hadis-hadisnya. Padahal sedekah non materi juga mempunyai keutamaan dan pengaruh yang luar biasa serta bisa memperbaiki kehidupan umat Islam. Oleh karena itu pembahasan tentang sedekah dalam perspektif hadis ini menurut tulisan ini sangat penting untuk dikaji, sehingga bisa memberikan gambaran tentang kualitas hadits kewajiban bersedekah dan supaya tidak memunculkan keraguan serta kesulitan lagi bagi umat Islam yang ingin melaksanakan ibadah sedekah.
Konsep Negara Ideal Dalam Perspektif al-Quran
Authors:   STAI KHOZINATUL ULUM BLORA, Mufid Abdul
Published: June 2022

Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dimensi negara yang ideal dalam perspektif Alquran. Sebagaimana diakui bersama di kalangan muslimin, bahwa Alquran adalah sumber kehidupan. Solusi dari semua problem yang muncul dapat dicarikan jawabannya dari Alquran, baik aspek politik, ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan lain sebagainya. Tak terkecuali bidang pemerintahan yang di dalamnya terdapat topik negara ideal. Kajian seperti urgen untuk diangkat, mengingat bangsa Indonesia yang sudah merasakan kemerdekaan lebih dari satu abad dan telah berganti-ganti pemimpin, belum semuanya merasakan kenyamanan dalam berwarganegara. Untuk itu pertanyaan yang akan dicarikan jawabannya adalah bagaimana negara yang ideal menurut Alquran? Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa paling tidak ada empat tempat dalam Alquran yang membincang soal negara ideal, yakni surat Ibrahim ayat 35, surat surat al-Baqarah ayat 126, surat at-Tin ayat 3, dan surat Saba’ ayat 15.
Studi Pemahaman Fikih Hadis, Wakaf Temporal Dalam Membantu Permodalan Bank Wakaf Mikro
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Arkham Sitta Ala
Published: June 2022

Pemahaman mengenai hadis dikenal dengan istilah fikih hadis, sebuah usaha yang digunakan untuk memahami maksud dan tujuan dari suatu hadis, sehingga membantu dalam menghasilkan pemahaman yang komperhensif, sampai ke makna paling tersembunyi dari suatu hadis. Menggunakan pendekatan fikih hadis yang dikembangkan oleh Dr. Hasyim Abu Khomsin, terdapat 8 kriteria dalam memahaminya; selaras dan beriringan dengan alqur’an, mengetahui nasikh mansukh, gharib hadis, perbedaan hadis, asbabul wurud, mendiamkan jika hukum itu tidak bisa dilakukan, pendapat ulama seputar hadis dan fikihnya. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai fikih hadis tentang wakaf, utamanya wakaf temporal dan penerapannya di bank wakaf mikro. Berjenis penelitian pustaka (Library Reseach) yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, dengan cara mengkomparasikan dan mengkontraskan beberapa hadis dari ulama fikih. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, meskipun redaksi hadis tentang wakaf berbeda-beda, namun inti dari dari hadis ialah menjaga kekekalan dan mentasarufkan manfaatnya. Tidak adanya redaksi waktu tertentu dihadis, memungkinkan untuk diberlakukannya wakaf temporal, dan hal ini didukung oleh Imam Malik. Diperbolehkannya wakaf temporal sedikit banyak bisa membantu permodalan dalam bank wakaf mikro. Karena wakaf temporal bisa dijadikan modal, tanpa harus bank memikirkan penambahan bunga sebagaimana yang biasanya lazim diterapkan bagi lembaga yang meminjam uang.
Hermeneutika Etik Paul Ricoeur (1913-2005) dan Relevansinya Terhadap Penafsiran Al-Qur’an
Authors:   Universitas Sains Al-Qur’an (UNSIQ) Wonosobo, Al Wasim Arif
Published: June 2022

Al-Qur`an mempunyai kedudukan dan fungsi yang sangat sentral dalam pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan humaniora keislaman. Al-Qur`an dapat dipandang sebagai teks yang sudah baku dan tetap (fixed text), karena adanya jarak antara transmisi dan pembacanya. Hermeneutika Paul Ricoeur (1913-2005) menawarkan sudut pandang dan model pembacaan baru, yang menempatkan pembaca atau audien dalam lingkaran makna teks. Hermeneutika Paul Ricoeur adalah hermeneutika filosofis, hermeneutika fenomenologi/eksistensial, hermeneutika keimanan, dan hermeneutika etik. Dalam pandangan hermeneutika Paul Ricoeur teks adalah wacana yang dibatasi oleh tulisan, sedangkan simbol adalah struktur penandaan dimana sebuah makna langsung menunjuk kepada makna lain yang tidak langsung.
Telaah Hadis Perpecahan Umat (Aplikasi Metode Isnad Cum Matn)
Authors:   UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Faiqoh Ulfiya Nur
Published: June 2022

Tulisan berikut mengkaji hadis-hadis tentang perpecahan umat menjadi 72 atau 73 golongan dengan menggunakan metode penanggalan Isnad cum Matn. Hadis-hadis tentang perpecahan umat yang telah masyhur ini menjadi polemik tersendiri di tengah umat Islam yang majemuk. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kajian pustaka. Kajian dilakukan tidak hanya dengan analisis sanad, tetapi juga dengan analisis matan hadis. Hasilnya didapati bahwa yang diduga menjadi common link dalam periwayatan hadis-hadis ini adalah Muhammad bin ‘Amru. Sementara berdasarkan analisis matan dapat diketahui bahwa matan hadis yang di dalamnya terdapat common link yang berpangkal pada riwayat Abu Hurairah, kontennya hanya berisi keterangan perpecahan umat menjadi 71, 72, atau 73 golongan.
Praktik Penyerahan Zakat Fitrah Terhadap Sabīlillāh Menurut Perspektif Imam Ibnu Hajar Al-Haitami (Studi Kasus di Desa Rowobranten Kecamatan Ringinarum Kabupaten Kendal)
Authors:   STAI An Nawawi Purworejo, Sudarmaji Waluyo
Published: June 2022

Zakat merupakan salah satu rukun Islam yang memiliki dua hubungan niali, yaitu hubungan dengan Allah dan hubungan dengan sesame manusia dalam rangka untuk memberikan sebagian harta yang telah dititipkan kepadanya untuk diberikan haknya kepada orang lain yang berhak menerimanya dengan syarat-syarat tertentu sesuai syariat Islam. Adapun orang yang berhak menerima zakat fitrah sebagaimana disebutkan dalam QS. at-Taubah [9]:60 yaitu fakir, miskin, pengurus zakat, muallaf,budak, orang yang berhutang, untuk orang yang berjuang dijalan Allah Swt. dan untuk orang-orang yang dalam perjalanan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan (field reseach), sifat penelitiannya adalah deskriptif analitik. Distribusi zakat fitrah yang terjadi di masyarakat sudah mengakar dan menjadi suatu kebiasaan yang kurang baik bahkan selalu dilakukan oleh umat Islam khususnya. Dalam hal guru ngaji yang mendapatkan tunjangan tetap dari pemerintah juga masih dalam permasalahan yang polemic bagi masyarakat yang ditunjuk sebagai penerima zakat fitrah. Kesimpulan dari skripsi ini bahwa pendistribusian zakat fitrah yang belum sesuai dengan hokum islam menurut pemikiran Imam Ibnu Hajar al-Haitami.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Pasien Skizofrenia Di Poliklinik Jiwa Rumah Sakit Budi Kemuliaan Kota Batam
Authors: Esmiralda Nopri , Sahreni Sukma , Aprillia Bella
Published: June 2022

Background :Schizophrenia is one of the most serious and disturbing mental disorders. Mental disorders are a very serious problem in the world. Management of schizophrenia requires long-term medication to keep symptoms under control and to prevent relapse. Methods : This research is an observational analytic study with a cross sectional research design. This research was conducted at the Mental Polyclinic of Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Batam in Juni 2021. The population of this study were families and patients with paranoid type of schizophrenia with a total sample of 60 people. The sampling method is Accidental Sampling. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data analysis using Fisher's exact test. Result : The results of this study found that age, gender, education, occupation, length of treatment and family support had a relationship with medication adherence in schizophrenic patients, while marital status had no relationship with medication adherence in schizophrenic patients. Fisher's statistical test results obtained age with p value 0.000, gender p value 0.006, marital status p value 0.844, education p value 0.020, occupation p value 0.004, duration of treatment p value 0.018 and family support p value 0.000. Conclusion : Based on the results of data processing, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between age, gender, education, occupation, duration of treatment and family support with medication adherence in schizophrenic patients and there is no significant relationship between marital status and medication adherence in schizophreni.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Ikterus Neonatorum Di Rumah Sakit Budi Kemuliaan
Authors: Edward Zulkarnain , Ipaljri Andi , Hafid Amalza Irene
Published: June 2022

Background Neonatal jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the baby's skin, conjunctiva, and sclera as a result of increased levels of toxic bilirubin in the blood. Neonatal jaundice is one of the causes of kernicterus and infant mortality. Factors that are thought in cases of neonatal jaundice which are between the baby and the mother. Infant factors consist of gender, low birth weight (LBW), and prematurity in infants. While the maternal factor is the type of delivery. The risk is increased in infants with LBW, prematurity, male sex, and type of cesarean delivery. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors related to neonatal jaundice at RSBK Batam for the 2017-2020 period. Methods : This study used an observational analytical research design with a cross sectional approach which was carried out in the perinatology room of RSBK Batam in November 2021. The sampling technique was consecutive sampling with a total sample of 124. The results were analyzed by frequency distribution, then tested by chi-square. Results : From the results of this study, it was found that LBW, prematurity, gender, and type of delivery had a relationship with neonatal jaundice. the results of the chi-square statistical test showed p for LBW 0.000, prematurity 0.000, sex 0.003, and type of delivery 0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of data management, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between LBW, prematurity, gender, and type of delivery with neonatal jaundice at RSBK Batam for the 2017-2020 period.
Hubungan Tingkat Kesepian Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pada Lansia Di Panti Jompo Tresna Werda Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Batubara Saiful , Hotmatua Siregar Julahir , Fuad Aulia
Published: June 2022

Background : Loneliness in elderly usually caused by spouse's death, physical deterioration or limited social skill also the lack of support from family or relatives. The loneliness in elderly will effect the emotional condition, coping mechanism, or acceptance and in the end will effect the quality of life in elderly. Methods : This research is an analytic observational study with a cross sectional research design. This research was conducted at Nursing House Tresna Werda of Bengkulu in November 2021. The sample in this study was 68 respondens. The sampling technique is total sampling. To determine the relationship between Loneliness Levels and Quality of Life, the data analysis used was the Spearman rho’s. Result : From 68 respondents, elder with high stage loneliness and  poor quality of life is 57 person (93,4%). The results of the Spearman rho’s statistical test obtained p value = 0,00 (p<0,05), so Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. Conclusion : In conclusion, the findings suggest significant correlation of Loneliness Levels and Quality of Life in the Elderly in Nursing House Tresna Werda of Bengkulu Year 2021
Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Timbulnya Acne Vulgaris Pada Mahasiswi Angkatan 2021 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Batam
Authors: Aziz Thamrin , Suryanti2 Suryanti , Ramanda Wahyu
Published: June 2022

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammation of the polysebasea follicles characterized by blackheads, papules, pustul, nodes and cysts. Acne vulgaris incidence in men is 42.5% and 50.9% in women settling into their 20s. Some factors acne vulgaris namely hormones, food, cosmetics, stress and sleep patterns. Methods: The study uses research design with observational analytical methods with a cross sectional approach. This research was conducted at the Campus of the Faculty of Medicine, Batam University in November 2021. Sampling technique uses a total sampling of 74 female students. Used univariate data analysis and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square Test. Results: Respondents who suffered from acne vulgaris with abnormal menstrual cycles by 40.5%, patients with food had an effect of 52.7%, patients with cosmetics had an effect of 41.9%, patients with moderate to very severe stress by 70.3%, patients with poor facial cleaning habits by 31.1%, and patients with poor sleep patterns by 54.1%. Conclusion: The incidence of acne vulgaris in students in the class of 2021, Faculty of Medicine, Batam University, is 59.5%. There is no meaningful relationship between the menstrual cycle and acne vulgaris obtained values P-value 0.143 (>0.05) and there is a meaningful relationship between food risk factors (p-value = 0.004), cosmetics (p-value = 0.002), stress (p-value = 0.016), habits of cleaning the face (p-value = 0.001), sleep patterns (p-value = 0.00) with acne vulgaris
Antibiogram of bacterial isolates from clinical specimens during 2018-2020 at Al-Aqsa hospital, Gaza, Palestine
Authors: Elmanama Abdelraouf A , El-Aydi Islam , Al-Reefi Mariam , Ferwana Naema
Published: June 2022

Background: The increased resistance of microorganisms to widely prescribed antibiotics in current medical practice has become a major challenge. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are complications of healthcare and linked with high morbidity and mortality. This study aims to investigate the susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from different bacterial infections to commonly used antimicrobials from Al-Aqsa hospital in Gaza Strip, Palestine.
Methods: A total of 8062 various clinical specimens were collected from August 2018 to February 2020 and sent to Al-Aqsa medical microbiology laboratory for bacteriological culture. Specimens were processed based on the recommended microbiology procedures. The modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing on Muller Hinton agar (MHA) as per the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline.
Results: Enterobacteriaceae were the most frequent of all isolated pathogens (58.3%), followed by Staphylococcus spp (24.6%), Pseudomonas and Non-fermenters (6.9%), Streptococcus and Enterococcus (6.2%), and others (4.0). E. coli was the most frequent of all isolated pathogens (38.2%), followed by Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (14.9%), Klebsiella spp (14.2%), and Staphylococcus aureus (9.4%). The resistance of Gram-negative isolates for Piperacillin, Cephalexin, Cefuroxime, Cefotaxim, Ceftazidim, Ceftriaxone, Cefazolin, Co Trimoxazole, Nalidixic acid, Aztreonam, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Meropenem and Techoplanin was between 62% and 92%. On the other hand, Gram-positive isolates (Staphylococcus spp) were found susceptible to Cloxacillin (65.0%), Erythromycin (47.3%), Clindamycin (81.7%), Levofloxacin (100.0%), Rifampicin (95.2%) and Vancomycin (89.2%).
Conclusion: High rates of resistance were found among bacterial pathogens isolated from Al-Aqsa hospital. Regular antimicrobial resistance surveillance should be a continuous process to provide up-to-date information to physicians with local antimicrobial resistance data.
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, Healthcare-associated infections, Gaza, Palestine.
Role of Circulating Hematopoietic Fibrocytes in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Induced Liver Fibrosis
Authors: El-Bassiouni Nora , Amin Noha , Rizk S. H. , El Azayem M. K. Abo , Madkour Mona , Garem Hasan , Ibrahim Raafat , El Nil Ola Abo
Published: June 2022

Background: Bone marrow derived fibrocytes may play an important role in pathogenesis and resolution of liver fibrosis. These cells may offer new approaches for better understanding the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.
Aim of the work: To define the proportion of circulating fibrocytes with hematopoietic progenitor origin as defined by CD45 and CD34 positivity and to assess whether they are increased in patients with chronic C hepatitis in correlation to the degree of liver fibrosis.
Subjects and Methods: Sixty HCV patients were classified according to METAVIR score into 4 stages of liver fibrosis, 15 age and sex-matched controls were included. Flowcytometric analysis for circulating levels of fibrocytes CD34+ve cells, CD45+ve cells, collagen type I+ve cells and CXCR4+ve cells was carried out using monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD34, CD45, collagen type I and CD184). GM-CSF, TGF-β and α-SMA were assessed using ELISA.
Results and Conclusions: A significant increase in the circulating levels of GM-CSF, TGF- β and α-SMA, with a significant increase in the percentage of cells express CXCR4and in the co expression of CD34, CD45 and collagen type I positive cells in different groups of patients compared to control group, denoting the presence of an increased proportion of circulating fibrocytes in peripheral blood of these patients. The percentage of fibrocytes that positively expression CD34, CD45, collagen type I and CXCR4, were increased in step wise fashion in conjunction with worsening severity of liver disease.
Liver fibrosis is associated with increased levels of circulating TGF-β1 and lipopolysaccharide, activation of myofibroblasts, and extensive deposition of extracellular matrix, mostly collagen Type I. TGF-β and LPS play a critical role in fibrogenesis and trigger fibrocyte recruitment to the injured liver promoting their differentiation into collagen type I producing myofibroblast, supporting that fibrocytes may become a novel target for anti fibrotic therapy.
TILTing Assignments in In-Major Undergraduate Courses
Authors: McRae Rod , Greeen Katherine B. , Brandenburg Jamie
Published: June 2022

This chapter shares how the Transparency in Learning and Teaching (TILT) assignment design framework was investigated and implemented in face-to-face and fully online courses. After a brief introduction and literature review, the authors showcase two TILT empirical studies with undergraduate students. The two studies are shared in the form of vignette case studies. The first case study was an investigation and implementation of a TILT assignment in a fully online course. The authors will share the results from student surveys using the Transparency in Learning and Teaching Project survey. The second case study investigated student performance on a key assessment, prior to TILTing the directions and after the key assessment was TILTed. Student results, as well as lessons learned and implications for college professors and administrators, are discussed. One component of the chapter describes faculty development on TILT-based assignments, along with perceptions of and benefits of implementing TILT in the classroom.
Resistance of chickpea cultivars to Chloridea virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Borella Júnior Célio , Correa Fernanda , Silva Anderson Rodrigo da , Siqueira Ana Paula Silva , Nascimento Warley Marcos , Almeida André Cirilo de Sousa , Jesus Flávio Gonçalves de
Published: June 2022

Chickpea is a legume with nutrient-rich grains important for human feeding. Tobacco budworm, Chloridea virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most major pests of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Brazil. This pest damages leaves, flowers, pods, and grains. Plant resistance to insects is an important tactic of pest management, which usually facilitates and reduce costs of implementing an Integrated Pest Management for farmers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the resistance in chickpea cultivars to C. virescens. Six chickpea cultivars were evaluated for antixenosis, initial antibiotic parameters, and behavior under field conditions. The cultivars BRS Kalifa and BRS Cícero were less attractive in a free-choice test, while Jamu 96 and BRS Kalifa were less attractive in a no-choice test. BRS Kalifa and BRS Toro leaves had a higher trichome density. Jamu 96 and BRS Toro had higher contents of oxalic and malic acids. C. virescens larvae in BRS Cícero, BRS Toro, and BRS Kalifa showed the lowest weights. Jamu 96 pods were the least damaged, and BRS Aleppo and Jamu 96 had the highest yields. The chickpea cultivars Jamu 96 and BRS Aleppo, which had resistance levels and mechanisms, can be used in integrated pest management programs to control C. virescens.
A model problem for multiplicative chaos in number theory
Authors: Soundararajan Kannan , Zaman Asif
Published: June 2022

Resolving a conjecture of Helson, Harper recently established that partial sums of random multiplicative functions typically exhibit more than square-root cancellation. Harper’s work gives an example of a problem in number theory that is closely linked to ideas in probability theory connected with multiplicative chaos; another such closely related problem is the Fyodorov–Hiary–Keating conjecture on the maximum size of the Riemann zeta function in intervals of bounded length on the critical line. In this paper we consider a problem that might be thought of as a simplified function field version of Helson’s conjecture. We develop and simplify the ideas of Harper in this context, with the hope that the simplified proof would be of use to readers seeking a gentle entry-point to this fascinating area.
Effects of Phoenix dactylifera Tree Fruit Extract on Cadmium Induced Renal Damage in Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Ehimigbai R. O. A , Nwosu F.
Published: June 2022

The objective of the study is to investigate the ameliorative potential of date palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera) fruit on cadmium induced kidneydamage in adult Wistar Rat using standard technique. Thirty (30) adult Wistar rats were divided into six groups of five rats per group.  Group A (control); Group B (0.1ml/kg body weight of cadmium); Group C (200mg/kg body weight of Phoenix dactylifera); Group D (600mg/kg body weight of Phaoenix dactylifera); Group E (0.1ml/kg body weight of cadmium and 200mg/kg body weight of Phoenix dactylifera); Group F (0.1ml/kg body weight of cadmium and 600mg/kg body weight of Phoenix dactylifera). Treatments were administered once daily for 30 days. After day 30, biochemical and histopathological studies were conducted to appraise oxidative stress and renal toxicity. Serum levels of creatinine, urea, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were quantified. Animals treated alone with cadmium (Group B), showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in serum urea, serum creatinine and CAT, SOD levels statistically. Treatment of rats with Phoenix dactyliferaalongside cadmium (Group E and F) showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement in renal function and restoration of biochemical parameters mentioned earlier. Histopathological findings confirm these conservations. Therefore, the administration of aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera has protective effect on cadmium-induced renal toxicity and oxidative stress in wistar rats which can be attributed to Phoenix dactylifera antioxidant activity.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Healthy and Leaf Curl Virus Infected Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) Leaves
Authors: Mohammed N. , Abdullahi I. , Bala S. K.
Published: June 2022

The present investigation deals with the determination of phytochemical constituents of healthy and leaf curl virus infected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves. Specimens were collected from Koraye in Zaria and transported to the Herbarium unit for proper authentication. Healthy and curl leaves of Solanum lycopersicum were washed thoroughly three times with running tap water and once with sterile distilled water, air dried at temperature on a sterile blotter. After complete drying, young leaves were pulverized. The powdered material was weighed and kept in air tight container in dark place for further extraction procedure. Extraction was done by methanol method, where 100g each of pulverized powder of both healthy and infected Solanum lycopersicum leaves was put in a cornical flask and (1000ml) of measuring cylinder was used to measure 500ml of 70% methanol. The results obtained from the qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of; Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tanins, Cardiac glycosides, Phenols and Saponins in both healthy and infected leaves of Solanum lycopersicum and the absence of; Carbohydrates, Steroids and Anthroquinone in both healthy and infected leaves of Solanum lycopersicum. While the quantitative analysis revealed the presence of 8.2% and 3.8% Alkaloids, 49.6% and 48.2% Flavonoids, 30.6% and 19.99%, Tanins 30.6% and 19.9%, Phenols 13.6% and 7.022% Saponins 1.2% and 0.1% in both healthy and infected leaf curl of Solanum lycopersicum. Evidently, from the above investigation there are no reducing sugars in Solanum lycopersicum leaves and there are metabolites in some healthy and infected leaf curl of Solanum lycopersicum leaves.
Obesity and Insulin Resistance Components of Metabolic Syndrome Induced by High-fructose Diet in Wistar Rats could be attenuated by Spices-Supplemented Diets
Authors: Imam N. U. , Idoko A. S. , Osibemhe M. , Lawal N. , Zaharaddeen A. S.
Published: June 2022

Constant consumption of fructose-sweetened diets and beverages has led to increasing incidences of metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MS). This research was designed to evaluate the potentials of supplementing diets with some locally available spices in ameliorating obesity and insulin resistance in induced metabolic syndrome. Thirty out of thirty-five rats weighing 128.08±5.29g were induced with MS, divided into six groups and treated with diets supplemented with powders of garlic, ginger, turmeric, black pepper and equal mixture of the spices while the other 5 rats were maintained on normal diet throughout the experiment. The weight and blood glucose were recorded weekly, while serum insulin level was determined on the 56th day of the treatment after which HOMA-IR was computed. The group of MS-induced rats fed normal diet had significantly (p<0.05) higher weekly average weight gain of 11.43g±0.63g compared with other groups. Our data show that blood glucose level (mmol/L) ranged from 4.61±0.22 - 5.99±0.17; Insulin (μU/mL) 8.00±0.41 - 22.00±0.58 and HOMA-IR 1.65±0.14 - 5.47±0.07. The treated groups had significantly (p<0.05) higher percentage decrease in blood glucose and HOMA-IR when compared with the control but all the MS-induced rats maintained on supplemented diets had significantly (p<0.05) lower blood glucose and HOMA-IR when compared with MS-induced rats maintained on normal diet. From our finding, obesity and insulin resistance due to consumption of MS-causing diets could be ameliorated by consumption of diets fortified with any of the four spices, but fortification with a blend of the spices could give a better result.
Seismic Interpretation and Petrophysical Analysis for Evaluation of Ataga Field, Onshore Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Ehinlaiye M. D. , Osisanya O. W. , Ighrakpata F. C. , Saleh A. S. , Ibitoye T. A.
Published: June 2022

The majority of geophysical survey in hydrocarbon exploration and production sector is driven by the ability to describe reservoirs. This research is aimed at describing the interpretation and petrophysical analysis of the reservoirs in Ataga field Niger Delta using a combination of seismic and well-log data. The Ataga Field in the Niger Delta was subjected to 3-D seismic interpretation and petrophysical study to perform comprehensive structural interpretation, prospect evaluation, and volumetric calculation. Two reservoir windows “1” and “2” were identified and correlated from four wells ATA 10, ATA 11, ATA 5 and ATA 7. Detailed evaluation was done on well ATA 11 since it is the only well that has sufficient data for both qualitative and quantitative interpretation. Structural interpretation for inline 5731 revealed fifteen faults on the seismic vertical section through ATA 11, most of which are antithetic faults while the rest are synthetic faults. Top and base of each reservoir window was delineated from the well. Result of the petrophysical assessment of reservoir A, B and C for ATA 11 revealed that the porosity values range from (24 -29) % which are indicative of very good to excellent porosity value according to Rider (1996). While the permeability values range from (1887-2582) mD were obtained from the three reservioir A, B and C of ATA 11 which depict very good to excellent reservoir units. Since, .all of the wells were discovered to have hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir formations (sandstones), the integration of structural interpretation and well logs have successfully revealed that the reservoirs are mostly oil-bearing zones.
Impact of intravenous administration of anisodamine on coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Chen Liang , Lei Bei , Lou Ying , Chen Lixiu , Jiang Jinqi
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To analyze intravenous administration of anisodamine’s impact on coronary microvasculardysfunction (CMD) in obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: Enrollment of 210 patients in Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University with CMD was done in a randomized-controlled study. They were divided randomly into groups, viz, anisodamine (A) group and nitrate (N) group. A 14-day course of treatment was carried out in each group. 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), treadmill exercise test (TET) and two dimensional echocardiography (TDE) were performed, and the symptoms of angina pectoris were recorded before and after treatment according to the classification, frequency, and duration of angina, as defined by Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS).Results: After treatment, summed stress score (SSS) and summed rest score (SRS) of MPI in group A significantly decreased after treatment (p < 0.001, respectively) and were remarkably lower than those in group N (p < 0.001, respectively). The CCS class in group A improved after treatment (p < 0.001) and was also better than in group N (p < 0.001). The frequency and duration of angina attack in group A significantly reduced after treatment (p < 0.001, respectively) and were notably lower than in group N (p < 0.001, respectively). Left ventricular ejection fraction in group A after treatment was higher than that before treatment (p = 0.046) and than that in group N (p = 0.048). Furthermore, the side effects of anisodamine were slight and tolerable.Conclusion: Intravenous administration of anisodamine is a potentially suitable optional treatment for CMD in patients with obstructive epicardial CAD who have undergone PCI.