bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religious Moderation in The Context of Pancasila: A Study of Role and The Impact is Deep Maintaining Social Harmony
Authors: Gumuruh Andika Ronggo
Published: December 2023

Abstract: This study examines religious moderation in the context of Pancasila. There are two research questions reviewed in this study, what is the role of religious moderation in maintaining social harmony? What is the impact of religious moderation on society? This study is a literature review that uses a type of qualitative research. The sources and types of data in this study are secondary data, especially data from the literature. This study finds findings of the role of religious moderation in maintaining social harmony with an emphasis on its relation to Pancasila values, namely Encouraging Constructive Interreligious Dialogue, Reducing the Potential for Religious Conflict, Building Pluralism Awareness, Strengthening National Unity, while the impact of religious moderation on society is Increasing Interfaith Tolerance. Promoting Diversity and Social Justice, Promoting Social Unity and creating an Environment of Peace and Social Stability.
History of Foreign Studies of Organophosphate Induced Delayed Neuropathy
Authors: Inozemtsev V. A. , Nelga I. A. , Medvetsky I. V. , Komissarenko S. A. , Zlobin A. V. , Tretyakov S. V. , Sherstyuk A. V.
Published: December 2023

Сertain organophosphates are highly toxic and can be used as chemical warfare agents. However, some classes of organic phosphorus compounds can cause so-called delayed neurotoxicity. Since the discovery of this phenomenon in 1899, extensive research has been conducted on delayed neurotoxicity caused by organophosphates. Mass poisoning of residents of the United States and Morocco in the last century demonstrated the high danger of substances that cause neurotoxicity, and gave a powerful impetus to research into this phenomenon. In addition to delayed effects, some phosphorus compounds potentiate the action of already known chemical warfare agents, increasing their toxicity by more than 10 times. Research in this direction is conducted under the auspices of the defense departments of the United States, Canada and the Netherlands. The wide distribution of phosphorus compounds in various industries and agriculture, the long hidden period and the irreversibility of lesions caused by neurotoxic organic phosphorus compounds, cause their potential threat to the security of the Russian Federation.
New Chemical Weapons Destruction Technologies as the Key to Successful Completion of Chemical Weapons Disarmament Process
Authors: Kapashin V. P. , Mandych V. G. , Isaev I. N. , Kovalenko I. V. , Veriga V. L.
Published: December 2023

The fulfillment of international obligations of the Russian Federation under the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction required the development and the creation of safe innovative industrial technologies and facilities for the destruction of chemical weapons. The purpose of this work is to give brief characteristics of the technologies for the destruction of chemical weapons developed and commercially implemented at various facilities. The destruction of chemical weapons was carried out at seven facilities specially designed and built for this purpose. These facilities were located in six regions of the country. The choice of technologies for the destruction (utilization) of chemical weapons was carried out on a competitive basis in the period from 1992 to 1995. The priority was given to the so-called two-stage technology. At the first stage, the toxic chemicals were extracted from the munitions or the containers and detoxified chemically in «soft» controlled conditions. Then the empty munitions were degassed. At the second stage, thermal neutralization or bituminization of the reaction masses was carried out with their subsequent burial. The two-stage technology for the destruction of mustard and mustard-lewisite mixtures was based on the interaction of toxic chemicals with an 80 ± 5% aqueous solution of monoethanolamine, which was supplied into the reactor at a temperature of 60–80 °C in the ratio toxic chemical: degassing formulation - 1:1.2 according to mass. The detoxification process was considered completed if the content of toxic chemicals in the reaction mass did not exceed 3,2×10-3%. To destroy lewisite, a «short scheme» in a jet-type reactor was implemented. The mixing of the initial reagents, lewisite and 20% alkali solution, was carried out using a nozzle of a special design, where lewisite was swirled with a special device (swirler) and supplied into the reactor. The first stage of the destruction of V-gases was carried out in munitions cases. The munitions were considered as chemical reactors. The process of detoxification of V-gases was considered completed when the residual content of toxic chemicals was at the level of 5×10-4%, and the reaction mass was delivered for thermal neutralization (second stage). In total, 39966,588 tons of toxic chemicals were destroyed. The whole number of destroyed containers with agents and chemical munitions amounted to 4,158,456 units. On September 27, 2017, the last chemical weapon was destroyed at the Kizner chemical weapons destruction facility, thus completing the process of complete destruction of chemical weapons stockpiles in the Russian Federation.
Quality Assessment of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Juice as An Immune Booster Against Endemic Diseases in East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Elisma Elisma , Indrawati Maria , Laning Ivonne Y , Lenggu Maria Y , Radja Natalia , Lekik Yurike
Published: December 2023

Background: Moringa leaf juice is a natural beverage with high antioxidant properties, making it a potential candidate for traditional medicine and food additive applications. This study aimed to identify the classes of chemical compounds present in moringa leaf juice and evaluate its antioxidant activity, hedonic test and storage stability.

Method: Three different moringa juice formulations were prepared using variations of fresh leaf powder and evaluated for color, taste, aroma, phytochemical content (to confirm the presence of alkaloids flavonoids, saponins, and tannins), antioxidant activity, and storage stability. The optimal formulation was selected based on a panel of experts’ sensory evaluation.

Result: The optimal moringa juice formulation consisted of 120 g of fresh moringa leaves, 50 mL of wild honey, 50 g of local guava, 800 mL of UHT milk, and 200 mL of purified water. Phytochemical testing revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins in the moringa leaf juice. The antioxidant activity was 14,339,974 ppm, indicating that moringa leaf juice is a potent antioxidant. The moringa juice remained stable at room temperature for 6 hours and in cold storage for 24 hours, maintaining the same taste and color as when initially prepared.

Conclusion: Moringa leaf juice is a natural beverage with high antioxidant activity and a rich phytochemical profile, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The good storage stability of moringa leaf juice at room temperature and in cold storage suggests that it is a viable option as an antioxidant beverage.
Sedentary Behavior, Macronutrient Consumption Levels and Children's Nutritional Status Post Covid-19 Pandemic at SMP Negeri 5 Mengwi
Authors: Cahyani Ni Putu Setya Puri , Widarti I.G.A Ari , Ariati Ni Nengah , Suiraoka I Putu
Published: December 2023

Background: Nutritional status is influenced by food consumption and physical activity of a person. Sedentary activity is the behavior of a person sitting or lying down in daily life excluding sleeping. School-age children tend to prefer sedentary activities such as playing on computers and smartphones. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sedentary activity and the level of consumption of macronutrients with the nutritional status of students in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic at Junior High School 5 Mengwi.

Method: The type of research used is Observational analytic with a Cross-Sectional design and using the Simple Random Sampling technique with a total of 90 people. The data was collected by interview and measurement methods. Data is presented with frequency tables and cross tables.  

Result: The results of the Spearman rank analysis test showed that there was a significant relationship between nutritional status and sedentary activity (p=0.000, r=0.63). Furthermore, with the same test, the result that there was a relationship between the level of energy consumption and nutritional status (p=0.000, r=0.659), there was a relationship between the level of carbohydrate consumption and nutritional status (p= 0.000, r =0.427). Furthermore, that there was no relationship between the level of protein consumption and nutritional status (p =0.0619, r =0.053) and then, that there was a relationship between the level of fat consumption and nutritional status (p= 0.001, r =0.338).

Conclusion: Sedentary activity and the level of consumption of energy, carbohydrates and fats are strong variables that affect the nutritional status of school children.
Description of Count of Eosynophil Cells in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Based on Length of Treatment at Jambi City Health Center
Authors: P Rifqi Pratama , Nasrazuhdy Nasrazuhdy , Mustopa RD
Published: December 2023

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The occurrence of infection is closely related to the immune response.  increase in eosinophil cells is an active immune response, increase or decrease in the number of these cells can describe the healing process of TB disease. This research was carried out with the aim of knowing the description of the number of leukocytes based on the length of treatment undertaken in pulmonary TB patients in the Jambi City health center area

Method: This type of research is descriptive research with a cross sectional approach with a variable length of treatment. This research was conducted in February-June 2023 with sample of 40 TB patients from several Community Health Centers in Jambi City.

Result: The results of research conducted on pulmonary TB patients showed that the results of eosinophil examination based on treatment duration ≤ 2 months in pulmonary TB sufferers showed an average result of 1.8%, while the results of eosinophil examination based on treatment duration > 2 months in pulmonary TB sufferers were obtained. The average result was 3.5%.

Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference between the number of eosinophils in pulmonary TB sufferers based on treatment duration ≤ 2 months and > 2 months with a P-value > α (0.05).
The Relationship Between Total Lymphocyte Count and Viral Load Examination Results in HIV on Arv Patients at UPTD Puskesmas Putri Ayu Jambi City
Authors: Liyestiyana Yeni , Dinda Chas , Mustopa RD , Asnailly Asnailly
Published: December 2023

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection causes destruction of the body's immune system in humans, causing AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). The total number of lymphocytes is one of the parameters used as an initial screening to assess the cellular immune response in people with HIV. One of the causes of the decrease in the total number of lymphocytes is the presence of the effect of taking antiretrovirals (ARVs)

Method: The research design is quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The data in this study used 39 samples of HIV patients who received ARV therapy for more than 6 months in the form of the total number of lymphocytes and viral load at the Putri Ayu Health Center. Patients with HIV were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and then the data were analyzed univariately and bivariately with chi-square tests.

Result: Most respondents had a normal total lymphocyte count of 26 people (66.7%) and most respondents had an undetectable viral load of 26 people (66.7%). Based on the Statistical Test Results, a p-value of 0.000 (p, <0.005) was obtained. These results show that there is a significant relationship between the total lymphocyte count and the results of viral load examination.

Conclusion: there is a relationship between the total number of lymphocytes and viral load in HIV patients who received ARV therapy at Putri Ayu Health Center.
Estimating the levels of some vitamins, ions and minerals in elderly and young individuals-A comparative study
Authors: A. Abdullah Salma
Published: December 2023

Essential elements, ions, and vitamins are pivotal in maintaining human health and influencing diverse physiological processes. However, various factors, including inadequate dietary intake, underlying health conditions, and lifestyle choices, can lead to deficiencies in these vital nutrients. Understanding the importance of these micronutrients and the factors contributing to their deficiency is critical for promoting overall well-being and guiding effective preventive measures. This study aimed to measure the levels of vitamins E and D, sodium and calcium ions, and the elements selenium, magnesium, and copper. Ninety samples were collected from young and elderly people, including 40 samples from young people and 50 samples from elderly people, ranging in age from 20 to 60 years. 5 milliliters of venous blood were drawn to obtain serum and used for the above measurements. The results of this study showed an increase in the level of vitamin D and E among young people compared to the elderly at a probability level of greater than or equal to (P≤0.05). Sodium showed a significant increase at the probability level of (P≤ 0.01), where its level in the elderly was higher than in the young group. As for calcium, it showed an increase at the level of probability (P≤ 0.01), where its level in the elderly group was higher than its level in the young group. As for the levels of selenium, copper, and magnesium, their levels showed a significant decrease in the elderly group compared to young people at the probability level (P≤ 0.01).
REMAPPING ECU STANDAR PADA HONDA CBR 150R MENGUNAKAN DRIVER FTDI FT232RL
Authors: AHMAD DWI CAHYO
Published: December 2023

Proses remapping Engine Control Unit ( ECU ) ini pada dasarnya untuk mendongkrak performa kendaraan yang mengalami penurunan performa dengan memanipulasi data tertentu supaya kendaraan kembali pada pengaturan yang terbaik. Tapi seiring berjalanya waktu untuk meningkatkan performa mesin perlu dilakukan ugrade pada sistem kendaraan dengan cara remmaping ECU ataupun tuning ECU. Dalam metode ini FTDI FT232RL berfungsi sebagai driver untuk menghubungkan langsung dalam ECU lewat socket DLC yang ada pada kendaraan sehingga bisa didapatkan data kendaraan yang akan di remapping. Kemudian dari hasil penelitian remapping ECU pada kendaraan pada saat sesudah remapping dapat  dihasilkan nilai efisiensi bahan bakar yang lebih baik dalam kata lain menjadi irit BBM dengan nilai sebelumnya sebesar 42,0km/l menjadi 43,1km/l pada kondisi jalan tanjakan.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF INTRACANAL CRYOTHERAPY ON POSTOPERATIVE PAIN AFTER SINGLE VISIT ROOT CANAL TREATMENT- AN IN VIVO STUDY
Authors: Singh Mohit , Parvez Shahina , Khatri Rohit , Prasad Pankaj
Published: December 2023

In general, successful endodontic treatment is governed by factors like
localization, thorough bio-mechanical preparation of the root canal
system, adequate shaping, proper disinfection, and three-dimensional
obturation of the root canal system. To achieve this, endodontists used
to perform the treatment that required multiple visits for complete
1
disinfection of the canals for the better success of endodontic therapy .
Single-visit endodontic therapy is dened as 'the conservative nonsurgical treatment of an endodontically involved tooth consisting of
complete biomechanical cleansing, shaping, and obturation of the root
2
canal system in the same visit .
A STUDY ON SOME IMPORTANT LABOR LAWS AND THEIR APPLICABILITY IN INDIA
Authors: Bose Shilpi
Published: December 2023

In this work the author study about the different Labor laws that are that are mentioned in Indian constitution to provide
empowerment to Indian Labors. These are related to many sectors including micro and small enterprises. In these laws
many issued are discussed such as issue related to wages, issues related to total working hours, issues related to different types of leaves. This study
provides the summarized information of these different labor laws and their applicability for the growth of micro and small enterprise sectors in
India.
STUDY ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF ARTHROSCOPIC SINGLE BUNDLE ACL RECONSTRUCTION UTILISING HAMSTRING VERSUS PERONEUS TENDON GRAFTS
Authors: Yadav Sachin , Narayan Shukla Vyas , Sahani Ravi , Kumar Sharma Mukesh , Kumar Yadav Arun , Dwivedi Alok Kumar , Sriram Sriram
Published: December 2023

Introduction- The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the principal passive constraint to the anterior translation of the
tibia on the femur. It is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee. This study aims to compare arthroscopic single
bundle ACL reconstruction utilising hamstring versus peroneus tendon grafts. In this study Method- , a total of 30 patients (divided into two
groups, i.e., Group 1- hamstring graft and Group 2- peronious longus graft) of age >18 years with radiological evidence of epiphyseal fusion,
ACL tear and no signs of inammation over affected knee were included. Morbidity, ipsilateral AOFAS, FADI, IKDC, Lysholm, and Modied
Cincinnati scoring systems were used and compared in each group at postop and follow-ups. The mean age of the Hamstring group and Resultsthe Peroneus group were 25.7±8.5 and 24.6±8.1, respectively. The majority of patients belonged to the 18-30 age group. Males were
outnumbered in both groups. The majority of patients in both groups had sports injuries with statistically insignicant differences (p=0.1832).
The mean graft diameter of the Hamstring and the Peroneus groups were 7.58±0.16 and 8.07±0.13, respectively. While analysing intragroup
comparison of mean IKDC, Modied Cincinnati and Lysholm between pre-op and follow-up, a statistically signicant difference was found
between them (p<0.0001*). Differences in thigh circumferences in the operated and sound leg between the Hamstring group and the Peroneus
group were 10.5±2.71 and 1.65± 0.36, respectively. Mean AOFAS and FADI scores had no statistical differences. Peroneus longus Conclusionas the graft of choice in single-bundle ACL reconstruction can be encouraged in clinical practice as it shows comparable functional scores.
LOCUS OF CONTROL CORRELATES TO DEPRESSION AND WELL-BEING AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Hlondo Lalhmingliani , Zokaitluangi Zokaitluangi , puii Lalnun
Published: December 2023

Locus of control has been accepted to have an association with depression and wellbeing with many contradictory
ndings between internal and external locus of control to wellbeing and depression. The study aimed to examine the locus
of control, wellbeing and depression among 240 High School students using (i) The Internal-External Locus of Control Scale (Rotter, 1966), (ii)
The Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), and (iii) The DASS-21 (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). The results portrayed signicant
effects of locus of control on wellbeing and depression with females showing more external locus of control than male students and wellbeing and
depression showed a signicant negative relationship. The results may be interpreted and used to promote psychological support among students
in building locus of control which in turn affects wellbeing and depression.
EVALUATION OF IN VIVO ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF COLEUS FORSKOHLII ROOT EXTRACT (COLEGEX®) BY DETERMINATION OF GLYCEMIC INDEX AND ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST (OGTT) IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Anzar C A , M V Joseph , R Sundaram , G B Vadiraj , C P Prasad , Eranimose Bineesh
Published: December 2023

Diabetes is one of the most lethal metabolic illnesses, with high fatality rates across the globe. Many ailments, including
diabetes and its complications, have been treated with the help of medicinal plants in traditional medicine since the dawn
of time. These medicinal plants are widely accepted, inexpensive, and thought to have few unfavourable side effects. The Lamiaceae family is a
possible source of medicinal compounds for the treatment of metabolic illnesses, such as diabetes. Based on the rise in postprandial blood
glucose, meals high in carbohydrates are classied according to their glycemic index. The sudden increase in blood glucose that occurs right after
eating is known as postprandial hyperglycemia. This study aims to investigate the glycemic index of Coleus forskohlii root extract (Colegex®) in
Wistar rats. When compared to the pathological control group, the Colegex® group demonstrated a mid-level glycemic index of 63.72% and
maintained the blood glucose levels. The effectiveness of Colegex® was evaluated in experimental rats using an oral glucose tolerance test to
measure postprandial blood sugar levels. When compared to the pathological control group, the administered Colegex® demonstrated good
glycaemic control as it was seen to maintain blood glucose levels. The glycemic index and OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) results for C.
forskohlii root extract (Colegex®) have demonstrated good glycaemic control and signicant reduction in blood glucose levels compared to the
pathological control group. Hence, Colegex® has the potential to be developed into a new oral antidiabetic drug for the management of diabetes
mellitus.
INDIA AND INDIAN OCEAN : AN ANALYSES
Authors: Sidda Reddy M.C.
Published: December 2023

The Indian Ocean matters today, arguably more than ever. It is a major conduit for international trade, especially energy. Its
littoral is vast, densely populated, and comprised of some of the world's fastest growing regions. The Ocean is also a
valuable source of shing and mineral resources. And yet its governance and security are under constant threat of being undermined, whether by
non-state actors such as pirates, smugglers, and terrorists, or by furtive naval competition between states.
PLACENTA ACCRETA PRESENTING AS CHRONIC SUBCHORIONIC AND PELVIC HEMATOMA IN THE FIRST AND SECOND TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY- A RARE PRESENTATION
Authors: Chaudhary Gunjan , Gadre Sandhya
Published: December 2023

Adherent placenta is still one of the dreadest complication in modern obstetrics. With the advent of new diagnostic
modalities and treatment options available, the prognosis of such patients has improved to a great extent. Nonetheless , it
is associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is usually diagnosed during second or third trimester, however, it is much more difcult to be
diagnosed in rst trimester because of the lack of standard sonographic guidelines. A rst trimester diagnosis of PAS is considered rare and
challenging. Here we aim to report a case of placenta accreta which presented as chronic subchorionic hemorrhage , nally culminating into huge
pelvic hematoma and ultimately the patient landing in obstetric hysterectomy as life saving measure.
APPLYING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY FOR VALUE-ADDED TAX MANAGEMENT IN VIETNAM
Authors: Ha Van-Sang , Phuong Duyen Ly
Published: December 2023

Value-added tax (VAT) is a key source of government revenue in Vietnam. However, issues like tax evasion, fraud, and
revenue leakage present major challenges. This paper explores the potential of blockchain technology to modernize and
optimize VAT management in Vietnam. Blockchain's decentralized, immutable ledgers can enhance transparency, reduce fraud, and streamline
tax processes. The paper reviews global blockchain case studies in Estonia, China, and the EU. It then analyzes Vietnam's VAT system and
proposes a blockchain framework incorporating digital invoices, smart contracts, and inter-agency data sharing. A phased implementation plan is
recommended focusing rst on e-invoicing, followed by payment automation and advanced data analytics. Blockchain can signicantly improve
VAT collection efciency and transparency in Vietnam. However, success requires strong institutional support, public-private collaboration,
updated regulations, and major investments in digital infrastructure and human capital.
Gut Feelings: Examining the Impact of Ultra-Processed Foods on Public Health Outcomes and Interventions targeting the Gut Microbiota.
Authors: Shah Navya
Published: December 2023

The adoption of Western diets and sedentary lifestyles has been linked to alterations in gut microbiota, which may be
implicated in the heightened prevalence of chronic inammatory diseases, including diabetes, autoimmune diseases,
obesity, depression, and heart disease. Constituting salty and high-fat packaged snacks, confectionery and candied sweets, pastry products,
powdered instant noodles, soups, cereals, children's medications and, in some instances, even baby formula – ultra-processed foods (UPFs) pose
a mounting public health crisis. UPFs disrupt the overall composition of the Gut Microbiota – promoting inammation, gut dysbiosis, and
negatively impacting cognitive function and processes. This paper reviews the intersections between ultra-processed foods, the Gut Microbiota,
and public health issues including food addiction, neuropsychiatric disorders, offspring decits, obesity and type-2 diabetes. It also synthesises
myriad interventions targeting the gut microbiota that can broadly be classied into the categories: gut metabolites, fermented foods and dietary
patterns. To the best of the researcher's knowledge, there is very sparse collation on this subject. This paper emphasises the deleterious
implications that are brought about by UPFs that are hoped to be taken into consideration while adjusting and framing nutritional policies for
proprietary foods.
TESTICULAR HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OBSERVED IN INFERTILE MEN WITH AZOOSPERMIA
Authors: Chengalvarayan G. , V Mahadev.
Published: December 2023

Objective: To identify and categorize various histopathological patterns seen in testicular biopsies of males with
infertility who presented to our institute Materials and Methods: All testicular biopsies from males with infertility
received by referral to the andrology clinic in Institute of urology, madras medical college in the period from June 2020 until June 2023 are
reviewed and histopathologically classied into four categories as follows : Normal spermatogenesis, hypospermatogenesis, maturation arrest ,
Sertoli cell only syndrome Results: 52 testicular biopsies were performed in the studied period. The age of patients ranged from 27-47years with a
mean age of 27.5 years. The histopathological patterns were as follows: 10 cases were reported as normal spermatogenesis;19 cases as
hypospermatogesis; and 19 cases were reported as maturation arrest, 4 cases with Sertoli cell only syndrome Conclusion: Our study showed that
hypospermatogenesis is the commonest pattern in testicular biopsies taken from males with infertility in our region. This study supports the
recommendation of bilateral testicular biopsies when investigating male infertility.
PREVALENCE OF NON-VENEREAL GENITAL DERMATOSIS IN MALE PATIENTS ATTENDING TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN NORTH INDIA
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Paliwal Vijay , Kumar Mathur Deepak
Published: December 2023

Background: Non venereal genital dermatoses constitute a major part of health problem in the dermatology OPD and
associated with social stigma. Its prevalence varies from region to region in our country and keep changing over time.
Objective: Materials and Methods: To know the prevalence of non-venereal genital dermatoses in a tertiary care center in north India. All male
patients presenting in the OPD complaining of genital itching, pain, burning sensation with genital rash or any genital rash which is asymptomatic
were included in the study which were not sexually transmitted. The demographic and epidemiological data collected. Result and conclusion:
The study included 726 male patients with genital dermatoses. A total 17 type genital dermatoses were noted. The most common nonvenereal
genital dermatoses were scabies (42.28%), candidal balanitis (41.73%), scrotal LSC (3.30%), sebaceous cyst (2.20%), scrotal dermatitis (1.92%)
and LSA (1.92%). Other dermatoses included plasma cell balanitis or Zoon's balanitis, lichen nitidus, FDE, Fordyce spot, pearly penile papules,
squamous cell carcinoma and tinea infections. The age ranged from 3 month to 65 years with majority in the age group of 15-45 years.
LOOKING BEYOND THE ORAL CAVITY – A BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR CASE REPORT
Authors: Gandhy Baviskar Mansi , R. Kodical Sanjana. , Jiten Mehta Aayushi , Chaudhary Chinmaya , Pawar Dhanashree
Published: December 2023

Individuals classied as having special health care needs (SHCN) may be more susceptible to oral disease over their
lifetime and may need specialised dental care because of their medical conditions or other constraint. Beta Thalassemia
Major is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy that can take on different clinical expressions, with intense and multiple orofacial manifestations. Dental
professionals must possess in-depth knowledge of the nature of this disorder and must work with a multidisciplinary approach involving many
medical professionals. In the present case, a 3-year-old male with a beta thalassemia major was referred to Department of Paediatric and
Preventive dentistry where denitive treatment to eliminate all dental foci of infection treatment was performed under general anaesthesia.
Multiple tooth extraction was performed. Because of their clinical circumstances, these patients require specialised customized treatment, which
makes managing and changing their behaviour essential to providing high-quality dental care.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN (Hba1c), HYPERTENSION, AND SMOKING HABITS WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION IN MEN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Silitonga Hamid , Warli Syah Mirsya , Prapiska Fauriski , Lelo Aznan , Pahlevi Nasution Iqbal , Nasution Safruddin
Published: December 2023

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread disease with erectile dysfunction (ED) emerging as a growing concern among
diabetic men. Various factors, such as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), hypertension, and smoking, have been linked to ED in diabetic men.The
intricate nature of this relationship, along with the psychological impact of ED, warrants further analysis. This study aims to explore the association
between these factors and ED in type 2 diabetic men, potentially serving as a guide for the importance of diagnosing, treating, and researching ED
in this population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on male T2DM patients aged 19 and above, admitted to Haji Adam Malik
General Hospital and Prof. dr. Chairuddin Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital from January to June 2023. Consecutive sampling was
employed, with data collected through blood examination and a questionnaire adapted from the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF5). Patients' ED status was determined through interviews, while HbA1c, hypertension, and smoking status served as independent variables for
analysis. Descriptive data is presented using means, medians, or percentages. Chi-square tests were employed to examine the relationships
between variables, followed by multivariate analysis through multiple logistic regression. Result: Among T2DM individuals, those with HbA1c
levels between 9.5% and 10.9% were 6.21 times more likely to experience severe ED, while those with HbA1c levels = 11% were 5.56 times more
likely, compared to T2DM patients with HbA1c levels <8%. Hypertension and smoking habits exhibited strong associations with ED (p <0.006 and
p < 0.001, respectively). Age signicantly impacted ED, with higher prevalence and severity observed in older age groups (p < 0.001). Education
level didn't show signicant correlation with ED (p = 0.457). Duration of type 2 diabetes signicantly correlated with both ED prevalence and
severity (p < 0.001). Family history of diabetes did not signicantly relate to ED prevalence or severity. Conclusion: This study highlights
signicant relationship between HbA1c values and ED severity. It's show signicant associations between hypertension, smoking, and prevalence
and severity of ED. Age and duration of T2DM were found to be signicant factors affecting ED, while educational level and family history of
diabetes did not exhibit a signicant correlation with ED prevalence or severity.
UNVEILING SILENT THREATS: EXPLORING PROSTATE ADENOCARCINOMA DISCOVERIES IN TURP SPECIMENS AT A LEADING MEDICAL CENTER
Authors: S B Yashas , H S Samarth , Gokul Gokul
Published: December 2023

Background-Prostate CA is the 2nd most common in males. T1a involves 5% or less of the resected tissue whereas T1b
involves more than 5%. So, here we identied incidentally detected CA prostate in TURP specimens in our hospital and
corelate it with various parameters. This is retrospective study of 2 years Methods- of biopsy specimens of prostate. The inclusion criteria were
patients with BPH, DRE not showing any abnormality and normal PSA value. Patients with elevated PSA, abnormal DRE, documented UTI and
proved adenocarcinoma prostate (CaP) were excluded. We recorded total weight of prostatectomy specimen, occurrence of carcinoma prostate in
the chips, percentage of total tissue resected showing malignancy and Gleason's scores. 100 patients were studied. The incidence of Resultsoccult CaP in study group was 8 %. Out of these, 2 belonged to T1a and 6 belonged to T1b stages. It was noticed that the clinical grading of prostate
did not correlate with incidence of occult CaP whereas the weight of resected specimen correlated with the incidence of CaP. ConclusionsIncidentally detected Ca prostate in patients undergoing TURP for clinically diagnosed BPH was found to be 8 %. The age of the patient and
weight of the resected specimen correlated with incidence of occult prostate cancer.
ADULT ONSET STILLS DISEASE WITH POSITIVE ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODIES-A CASE REPORT
Authors: Majid Matto Sameem , Ajaz Yasmeen's , Khan Asif
Published: December 2023

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare and complex systemic inammatory disorder that presents with a myriad of symptoms, making
diagnosis challenging. Here is a case report of a 43-year-old female presented with fever, joint pains, and rash. The patient exhibited a unique
combination of positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and markedly elevated ferritin levels. Hence the patient was diagnosed with adult onset
Stills disease based on Yamaguchi criteria. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and responded well to the treatment.
POLYPYRROLE INFUSED COTTON FABRICS: AN ELEGANT SOLUTION FOR GAS SENSING
Authors: Sakhare B. K. , Ghorude T. N. , More V. S.
Published: December 2023

Air pollution is a silent killer that has captured many regions of our planet. Nine out of ten human breathe air with pollution levels that surpassing
W.H.O. limits. One of the perilous atmospheric pollutants that endanger both the environment and human life is Nitrogen dioxide (NO2). This
scenario increases the necessity to have device which can detect the NO2 gas. The paper presents a cotton fabric-based gas sensor using polypyrrole
(PPy) as the sensing material. Due to its distinct electrical and chemical characteristics, PPy is considered as a good candidate for gas sensing
applications. The In-Situ chemical oxidative polymerization techniques were used to synthesize PPy with Iron (III) Chloride as oxidant.
This study investigates the creation of a cotton fabric-based NO2 gas sensor with a PPy sensing layer, focusing on reducing NO2 risks and
supporting the use of PPy as the sensing material. The synthesis procedure and characterization methods like FTIR were used to understand the
chemical bonds and chemical makeup of the PPy-coated fabric. Future research should focus on improving sensor performance and exploring
applications in environmental monitoring and safety systems.
Characteristic of hospitalized COVID 19 patients with of gastrointestinal manifestation and liver injury
Authors: Kumbara Cokorde Istri Yuliandari Krisnawardani , Purnamasidhi Cokorda Agung Wahyu , Mariadi I Ketut , Somayana Gde , Wibawa I Dewa Nyoman , Indraswari Putu Gita
Published: December 2023

Background: COVID-19 is known to affect the digestive and liver systems. These can occur during the disease, and the prevalence was varied widely.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and liver injury.
Methods: The data collected from the first 3 months of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (April – June 2020). We analyzed patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea or vomiting, abdominal discomfort or pain, diarrhea, and anorexia) and patients with liver injury (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (> 45 U/L for men and > 34 U/L for women) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level (> 35 U/L for men and > 31 U/L for women) at admission), then compared their clinical features with those who did not show gastrointestinal symptoms and liver injury.
Results: A total of 232 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included. Gastrointestinal symptoms were found in 16.4% of patients. The symptoms were diarrhea (3.01%), anorexia (1.72%), nausea or vomiting (12.06%), and abdominal pain or discomfort (1.72%). The patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were more likely than those without to be admitted to the intensive ward (13.15% vs. 2.5%; p= 0.012). The elevation of liver aminotransferase levels on admission was found in 40.9% of patients. Longer hospitalization (15 days vs 11 days; p= 0.007) more likely to have liver injury.
Conclusion: Patients with liver injury had a longer hospital stay than patients without liver injury, while gastrointestinal symptoms have no significance on the duration of hospitalization.
Violência doméstica contra a mulher: construção e validação de conteúdo para aplicabilidade de um modelo de decisão
Authors: Vieira Carneiro Gomes Lucilla , Fernandes Campos Coêlho Hemílio , Sampaio Juliana , Polliany de Oliveira Silva Vitória , Dayana Tavares de Lucena Kerle , Danielle Bezerra Oliveira Cecília
Published: December 2023

Introdução: a violência doméstica é caracterizada como um problema crescente de saúde pública que gera grandes consequências, além da violação aos direitos humanos das mulheres que se encontram em situação de violencia.
Objetivo: descrever a construção e validação de conteúdo de um instrumento visando identificar a violência doméstica contra a mulher na perspectiva da aplicabilidade de um modelo de decisão.
Método: trata-se de um estudo metodológico composto de duas fases: a primeira foi a elaboração do instrumento, a partir de revisão integrativa da literatura; a segunda, de validação de conteúdo, mediante a avaliação do instrumento por dez especialistas, com expertise na área de violência doméstica contra a mulher. Para análise, calculou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC≥0,80).
Resultados: dos 23 itens submetidos inicialmente à validação, 65,2% (n = 15) alcançaram IVC igual ou maior que (0,80) e 34,8% (n = 8) obtiveram IVC inferior a (0,80). Após realizar as alterações sugeridas pelas especialistas na primeira rodada foi construída uma segunda versão do instrumento e reenviada às juízas participantes, ajustando-se os itens propostos. Nesta segunda rodada de avaliação, os itens ajustados e acrescentados alcançaram IVC igual ou maior que 0.90.
Conclusão: o instrumento foi considerado válido e adequado para identificar a violência doméstica contra a mulher, servindo como fonte para a construção de indicadores de saúde e para o enfrentamento dessa problemática.
Traffic accident mortality of motorcyclists, pedestrians and hospital costs in the city of São Paulo
Authors: Naildo Cardoso Leitão Francisco , Furlan Cleber , Luiz Figueiredo José , Ricardo Perez-Riera Andrés
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The United Nations recognizes traffic accidents as a serious public health problem all over the world, because they are accompanied by a high morbidity and mortality rate. Traffic causes the death of approximately 1.3 million people and the disability of millions more.

Objective: To evaluate mortality from traffic accidents among motorcyclists, pedestrians and hospital costs that occurred in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1999 to 2019.

Methods: This is a retrospective time series study with official micro data, collected by place of occurrence among motorcycle drivers, pedestrians and hospital costs from 1999 to 2019, in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Results: In the city of São Paulo, from 1999 to 2019, there were 144,186 thousand deaths resulting from land transport accidents, projecting 5,293 thousand deaths specifically with motorcyclists. Proportional mortality from was higher in the mean age group of 29 years, predominantly in males, with emphasis on white race/skin color. The costs per death stand out for motorcyclists with an average of R$: 49,078.18, with regard to deaths by sex, male predominated in relation to female.

Conclusion: There was a high death rate, both in motorcyclists and pedestrians, with the latter having a higher average. Thus, these findings provide relevant information on the magnitude of the public health problem to guide us on control strategies for these causes.
Three years of COVID-19 pandemic: comparative analysis of incidence, lethality and mortality among the States of the South Region of Brazil
Authors: De Azevedo Brito Silvana , Carlos de Abreu Luiz , Alvarez Estrada Daniel , Ferraz Campos Marcelo , Paiva Emidio Cavalcanti Matheus , Alves de Siqueira Carvalho Alzira
Published: December 2023

Introduction: in Brazil, the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed on February 26, 2020 As of March 17, 2023, the Ministry of Health recorded 699,634 deaths from COVID-19, with a fatality rate of 1.9%. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil in socioeconomic and health system spheres and a reflection of major regional differences.
Objective: to analyze mortality, incidence and lethality due to COVID-19 in the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, southern Brazil.
Methods: this is an ecological time series study using official Brazilian secondary data for cases and deaths from COVID-19. The data were extracted from the panel of the State Department of Health of the states of Santa Catarina and Paraná. For trend analysis, time series were developed using the Prais-Winsten regression model. Statistical analyzes were performed using STATA 14.0 software (College Station, TX, USA, 2013).
Results: in the analysis of rates in the total period analyzed, the trends for mortality, lethality and incidence in the state of Santa Catarina are decreasing, decreasing and stationary, respectively. In the state of Paraná, rates in the total period showed a stationary, decreasing and increasing trend for mortality, lethality and incidence, respectively.
Conclusion: COVID-19 had a devastating effect on the states of Santa Catarina and Paraná. Both states suffered from the progress of the COVID-19 pandemic, with higher lethality and mortality rates being observed in the state of Paraná, while Santa Catarina had a higher incidence rate over the three years it was in effect. COVID-19 pandemic.
Analysis of incidence, mortality and lethality by COVID-19 in the States of Pará and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: epidemiological aspects of evolution 2020-2022
Authors: Guarnieri da Silva Célia , Elena Guerrero Daboin Blanca , Bandeira de Mello Monteiro Carlos
Published: December 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 unfolded differently in Pará and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, owing to distinct socioeconomic contexts. From 2020 to 2022, both states implemented diverse measures against the virus SARS-CoV-2, including vaccination and variant monitoring, tailored to their specific challenges. Understanding regional impacts on COVID-19 indicators is crucial for designing effective control strategies.
Objective: to analyze the incidence, mortality, and lethality of COVID-19 in Pará and Rio Grande do Sul and the trends of these indicators from 2020 to 2022.
Methods: ecological study with time series from public and official data available in the Health Secretariat of Pará and Rio Grande do Sul, including all cases and deaths by COVID-19 from February 2020 to December 2022. Lethality, mortality, and incidence rates were calculated. Prais-Winsten regression analysis was used, and trends were classified as stationary, increasing, or decreasing. Significant differences were considered when the p-value is <0.05.
Results: when examining the lethality rates between the states of Para and Rio Grande do Sul, an observable trend emerged during the analyzed period. It became evident that the total lethality rate consistently remained higher in Para. Noteworthy peaks in lethality were mainly observed during the months of April 2020, May 2020, and March 2021. The incidence rates showed increasing trends during 2020, both in Pará with a daily percentage change (DPC) of 1.69% (p <0.05) and in Rio Grande do Sul with a DPC of 1.70% (p<0.05). In 2021, the incidence was decreasing (p <0.05) in both states, with a DPC of 0.60% in Pará and 0.64% in Rio Grande do Sul and continued this trend in Pará in 2022 (DPC of -0.50% p <0.05), becoming stationary in Rio Grande do Sul, with a non-significant p-value (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: the positive impact of the vaccination program is reflected in the evolution of the pandemic. During the study period Rio Grande do Sul and Para exhibited a stationary incidence trend, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring of cases and morbidity across various age and demographic groups.
Hypokalemic Nephropathy: Case Report
Authors: Havyarimana Clément , Bothard Helena Victorine Botokoto , Cheggali Abdelhadi , Cheikh Sara , Manirakiza Jean Claude , Aziz Nassima Hissein Abdel , Garba Abdouramane , Medkouri G. , Khayat S. El , Mtiou N. , Zamd M. , Benghanem M.
Published: December 2023

Hypokalemic nephropathy is a rare tubulointerstitial disorder due to chronic hypokalemia that can lead to serious morphological or functional renal alterations. We report a case of a 31-year-old patient from North Africa, admitted to the Department of Nephrology for exploration of proteinuria at 1.2g/24h associated with renal failure at 21mg/l of plasma creatinine in a context of chronic hypokalemia around 2.5mEq/l. The nephropathy check up didn’t show anything particular. The renal biopsy performed revealed renal tubes with vacuolation of the epithelium, with the presence of a few hyaline casts. The interstitial tissue showed minimal fibrosis and a moderate inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes and histiocytes, all easing the diagnosis of hypokalemic nephropathy. The patient was treated with potassium supplementation in combination with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor). The evolution was marked by a progressive improvement of renal function going from an glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 28 ml/min (at admission) to 55 ml/min after 6 months, with negativation of proteinuria. Although the hypokalemic nephropathy seems to have disappeared, it must be considered in the face of any alteration of renal function in a context of chronic hypokalemia. Histology is essential to confirm the diagnosis.