bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A quantitative assessment of intraspecific morphological variation in Gahagan bifaces from the southern Caddo area and central Texas
Authors: Selden Robert Z. , Dockall John E. , Dubied Morgane
Published: March 2019

This investigation aggregates intact or reconstructed Gahagan bifaces from the southern Caddo area and central Texas to test the hypothesis that Gahagan biface morphology differs between the regions. The Gahagan bifaces (n = 102) were scanned, then analysed using a novel landmarking protocol and the tools of geometric morphometrics. Results provide a preview of the significant differences in Gahagan biface morphology expressed between the southern Caddo area and central Texas regions. The size discrepancy represents an inversion of current theoretical constructs that posit a decrease in tool size thought to articulate with an increase in distance from the raw material source. It is posited that the contrasting morphologies represent two discrete communities of practise; one (emergent Caddo horticulturalists) where Gahagan bifaces were enlisted primarily for burial and ritualistic activities, and the other (central Texas hunter-gatherers) where Gahagan bifaces were utilised over a longer time span in more practical and utilitarian contexts.
Digital public relations through the lens of affordances: A conceptual expansion of the dialogic principles
Authors: Zhou Alvin , Xu Sifan
Published: March 2019

Connecting the affordance framework in computer-mediated communication to public relations theories, this essay proposes an affordance perspective on dialogic communication and digital public relations in general. We argue that 1) the enactment of organization-public dialogue on digital platforms requires certain combinations of media affordances; 2) the lens of affordances facilitates a non-dichotomous examination of the “dialogic communication vs. digital media” debate; 3) the fifth dialogic principle “ease of interface” should be conceptually expanded to “favorable affordances,” which asserts that public relations practice should evaluate digital media platforms’ various action possibilities and consider their inherent potentials for organization-public relationship building; and 4) research on digital public relations should incorporate affordance theory to achieve cross-platform theorization.
Canada in the United Nations General Assembly from Trudeau to Trudeau
Authors: Vucetic Srdjan , Ramadanovic Bojan
Published: March 2019

All Canadian governments say that Canada must look to its “friends and allies” and “like-minded partners” to achieve greater cooperation on global issues. But who are these countries exactly? To gain a better understanding of where Ottawa stands in the world, with whom, and under what conditions, we analyze Canada’s voting patterns in the United Nations General Assembly from 1980 to 2017. We find that Canada’s overall record tends towards that of Western European states. We find no evidence of greater affinity with US positions either when the Democrats are in power in Washington or when the conservative parties reign in power in Ottawa. We identify a sharp pro-US turn in the Harper years, and also confirm that the government of Justin Trudeau started off by maintaining rather than reversing this trend.
Developing the Reading Comprehension by Using Grammar Translation Method
Authors: Idris Muhammad
Published: March 2019

The objective of this research is to find out whether the implementation of Grammar Translation Method can develop the reading comprehension of the Eighth Year Students of SMP Neg. 8 Parepare. The research applied quasi-experimental design. The population was the eighth year students of SMP Neg 8 Parepare which the total number was 83 students. Then, the data were analyzed by using t-test formula. Based on the result of this research, it is concluded that there was a significant different achievement between experimental and control group after they were taught reading by using grammar translation method. It means that the implementation of Grammar Translation Method can develop the Reading Comprehension of the Eighth Year Students of SMP Neg. 8 Parepare.
Examining the effect of an aerobic exercise program on stress and triglycerides level in sedentary students
Authors: Singh Sinku Kumar , Afroz Nadeem
Published: March 2019

Background: Stress is a risk factor for developing hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The increased risk of cardiovascular diseases from chronic stress has been linked to increased plaque build-up as a result of elevated cholesterol, hardening of the arteries, change in the blood pressure, and abnormal working rhythm of the heart. The primary aim of this study was to examine the effects of Aerobic Exercise on stress and triglycerides.

Methods: This study is a Pre-experimental Study - One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. A group of 17 sedentary male students whose age ranged between 19-28 years was enrolled in the study. The respondents were free of any type of smoking habit, consumptions of alcohol and drugs before the study. The study respondents participated in Aerobic Exercise Training program which was conducted for six weeks, four days a week and 45 minutes in a day. The pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the intervention.

Results: The mean age, height and weight of the Sedentary Students were 24.34 years, 172.31 cm and 69.22 kg respectively.

Before an aerobic exercise program, 52.94% sedentary students reported mild stress, 29.41 % reported moderate stress and 17.64 % reported severe stress. Whereas, after aerobic exercise program, 58.82% sedentary students reported mild stress, 23.52 % reported moderate stress and only 11.64 % reported severe stress. The Pre-test mean score of Triglycerides was 147.649 mg/dl and the post test was 113.483 mg/dl.

Conclusion: An aerobic exercise program may reduce stress and triglycerides levels in sedentary students. This research provides a platform for further research in this field with higher power and precision.
Disability in Mental illness : A Neglected issue
Authors: Subedi S. , Shyangwa P.M.
Published: March 2019

Mental health has been hidden behind a curtain of stigma and discrimination for too long. It is time to bring it out into the open. The magnitude, suffering and burden in terms of disability and costs for individuals, families and societies are staggering. In the last few years, the world has become more aware of this enormous burden and the potential for mental health gains. However, The disability related to mental illness has always been a neglected issue in the parlane of health.
Rhythm of tantrums
Authors: Sravanti L. , Karki U. , Seshadari S.
Published: March 2019

Temper tantrums are part of the normal course of development occurring most commonly in toddlers. There is a chance that these tantrums can become pathological, more so in case of dysfunctional family dynamics. And as it happens in the context of family, it can become a “family problem” as well. Early identification of abnormal tantrum behaviour and interventions directed to help parents handle these tantrums can prevent their long-term adverse consequences. The focus of this article is on why temper tantrums occur, what elements constitute a tantrum, stages through which they progress and simple methods of handling tantrums. It is done with the help of an example and some illustrations that can be useful in psychoeducation to families about tantrum behaviour.
Prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among prisoners attending OPD of Central Jail Hospital, Kathmandu
Authors: Bhattarai P. , Sharma V.D. , Chapagai M. , Tulachan P.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Prisoners are one of the most vulnerable groups for having high prevalence of mental illness. There is a dearth of major studies conducted amongst prisoners in Nepal. The basic objective of this study is to study prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity in prisoners attending general OPD of Central jail Hospital, Kathmandu.

Material and Method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in prisoners attending OPD of central jail for a period of six months. Initial screening was done with self- reporting questionnaire (SRQ) and those having distress on SRQ were interviewed and diagnosis was made based on ICD-10 DCR and data analysis was done using SPSS version 16.

Results: A total of 121 prisoners out of 300 prisoners attending OPD of central jail hospital during a period of six months had been diagnosed to suffer from psychiatric morbidity. Majority of cases were within age group 26-30 years (20.7%) with male preponderance (76.9%), married (69.4%), educated up to higher secondary level (38%), doing occupation as labor work (24%), Hindus (62.8%) with janajatis (32.2%), having low socioeconomic status (51.2%), belonging to joint family (50.4%) and were from rural areas (45.4%). Murder was the most common offence committed (33.9%) followed by drug trafficking (28.1%). Most common primary diagnosis belong to Neurotic, stress related and somatoform disorder (57%) followed by mood disorder (32.2%). Most common psychiatric morbidity among prisoners was generalized anxiety disorder (36.4%) followed by Moderate depressive episode (23.1%) and somatoform disorder (9.1%). The overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in prisoners attending OPD of central jail hospital was found to be 40.33%.

Conclusion: A substantial burden of psychiatric morbidity exists in prison population of Nepal. Prompt recognition and treatment of mental illness in prison lead to decrease in functional disability and better quality of life.
How Intern Doctors View ‘Psychiatry and Mental health’?
Authors: Shakya D.R.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The knowledge and attitude prevailing during internship of medical education are likely to influence whole career. Psychiatry is seen differently, at times unrealistically. Such views might have adverse consequences. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and views of intern MBBS doctors of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal about ‘Psychiatry and mental health’.

Material and Method: A cross-sectional semi-qualitative survey was done by explaining about the study, distributing a questionnaire and analysing collected samples of the interns.

Results: Within study period, 50 respondents participated. Twenty percent respondents were female. One-third subjects were from Kathmandu valley, followed by other cities of Nepal and India. Two-thirds opted psychiatry posting, half to learn about it. About 25% considered psychiatry for career. Majority viewed psychiatry should integrate with other departments. Only few meant mental illness to be unremitting and chronic only, and considered mental patients dangerous and aggressive. More believed that majority of patients understand others’ feelings, attitudes and behavior; and can be productive if treated appropriately. A great majority felt that the management should be multi-sectorial and multi-dimensional. They expressed dissatisfaction about current position of mental health on national health-policy and advised public awareness as the most important step to change the situation.

Conclusion: Intern-doctors of a tertiary-care teaching hospital with psychiatry teaching, in overall, have favorable attitude towards psychiatry and mental health.
Translation and Adaptation of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS)-Parent Version at a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Gurung B.S. , Rana M. , Shakya S.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The study has examined the psycho-metric properties of the Nepali translation of SCAS-PV in terms of internal consistency and criterion validity

Material and Method: Non probability sampling method was used. Participants were selected purposively under two groups of samples called clinical group and non clinical group. Study population of the study was the patient visiting outdoor and inpatient services of Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, TUTH.

Results: Among 200 (clinical= 98 and a non-clinical=102) sample of Nepalese children and adolescents. The specificity and sensitivity of the tool was assessed. Cronbach Alpha for the total scale (α =0.89), panic disorder (α =0.78), physical injury fear (α =0.72) and separation anxiety disorder (α =0.76) were of acceptable to good range. However, internal consistency of generalized anxiety disorder (α =0.67), obsessive compulsive disorder (α =0.59) and social anxiety disorder (α =0.68) were in questionable range. AUC statistic for total scale was in fair range, with optimum cut off score of 19.5 for the total scale with sensitivity of 65.3% and specificity of 64.7%.

Conclusion: The study supports the utility of the SCAS-PV as a measure of anxiety symptoms in children. It can be used to directly compare symptom reporting across children in clinical. Because of the psychometric properties of the SCAS-PV that have been demonstrated in community and clinical samples, it is recommended that the SCAS-PV can be used in clinical and research contexts.
Prevalence and nature of psychiatric referrals from Intensive Care Unit of a teaching hospital
Authors: Poudel R. , Belbase M.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) are diagnosed with various disorders. There is limited literature on the prevalence of psychiatry disorders in patients admitted to ICU. The aim of the study was toestimate the prevalence and nature of psychiatric referrals from ICU.

Material and Method: Hundred consecutive patient admitted to the ICU (both medical ICU and CCU) in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital (NGMCTH), Kohalpur, Nepal and referred to psychiatry department were enrolled for the study. Study was conducted from October 14, 2017 to June 14, 2018. Informed consent was taken and patients were interviewed by two psychiatrists in different occasions separately and other relevant history was obtained from next of kin. Socio-demographic variables, referring department, reason for referral, purpose of referral, major symptom for referral were the major variables. Psychiatric diagnosis was made using the ICD-10. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 for Windows.

Results: During the study period the total patients admitted to the ICU was 787 among which 100 were referred to psychiatry department. Psychiatry referral rate was 7.87%, average patients referred were 2.4 per day. Psychiatry morbidity was 8.11%. The mean age was 36.87+12.81 years. Most of the patients were female, and from urban background. The most common diagnosis was alcohol use disorder (AUD) followed by intentional self harm (ISH) and delirium respectively. Organic disorder and dissociative disorder were the only disorders significantly associated (p<0.05) with the age of the patient. AUD (p=0.007) and ISH (p=0.011) was common in female compared to males and the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion: Psychiatric referral rate and psychiatry morbidity was low.
To study the relationship between religious coping spiritual well being, and marital adjustment, among the wives of males with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome
Authors: Chettri G.T. , Pathak N.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The impact of alcoholism on marital – family functioning and the influence of marital – family relationship on the development and the maintenance of the alcoholism are challenging problems to both the clinicians and researchers. The aim was to study the relationship between religious coping spiritual well being, and marital adjustment, among the wives of males with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome.

Material And Method: Wives of alcohol dependent male patients admitted in the Department of Psychiatry, Armed Police force Hospital were included in the study after informed consent. a) Semi-Structured Proforma b) The Spiritual Well-Being Scale, C) R- COPE Scale, (D) Dyadic Adjustment Scale. were used to collect the data.

Results: The results of the study show that majorities were from a rural background, low socio economic status, nuclear family and were homemakers. Spiritual well being and religious well being correlated positively with positive religious coping and inversely correlated with negative religious coping. The total score on religious coping correlated inversely with the dyadic adjustment showing that in times of stress and low marital adjustment the sample turned more to religion to help them cope. High negative correlation was seen between the dyadic adjustment of the wives and negative religious coping .The years of drinking inversely correlated with spiritual well being and the subscale of existential well being, indicating that the more number of years the patient consumed alcohol the wife had lower spiritual well being and in particular existential well being.

Conclusion: Spiritual well being enhances the positive religious coping strategies of the wives of men with alcoholism in this study. When the spiritual well being is low more negative methods of religious coping are used.
Surveillance of Avian influenza in Faecal Samples of Wild Birds at Sauraha, Chitwan National Park
Authors: Azad Md. Hus. , Manandhar P. , Sedai D.
Published: March 2019

Wild birds are the carrier of Avian influenza virus as reservoir. They spread virus through faecal drops. Considering this fact, a study was carried out to detect the avian influenza virus in fresh fecal swabs in Chitwan National Park, Sauraha. A total of 40 samples were collected from Baghmara Buffer zone community forest,30 samples from Rapti river bank and 10 samples from National trust for nature conservation areas. The faecal samples were collected during the summer season (March). The test was carried out by using a rapid test kit (synbiotic kit) USA. On rapid test, all the 80 samples were negative. All 80 samples were further inoculated in nine days embryonated eggs for haemagglutination tests for the confirmative diagnosis that showed negative result. Preliminary diagnosis revealed that wild birds were free from Avian Influenza in Chitwan National Park region.
Study of Hematological and Serum Biochemical Profile in Preparturient Murrah Cross Buffaloes in Chitwan District
Authors: Acharya R. , Pal P.B.
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to establish the reference values for hematology and serum biochemistry of pre-parturient Murrah crossbred buffaloes of Western Chitwan (Bharatpur Metropolitancity). The study was cross-sectional in which31 apparently healthy pregnant Murrah cross buffaloes ranging from 5-8 years were selected randomly after confirmation by rectal palpation. Blood samples collected from jugular vein were stored in EDTA tubes for hematological analysis and for biochemical analysis centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 20 minutes to separate serum after 1 hour of collection. Hematological indices were determined manually using routine laboratory techniques and serum biochemicals were analysed using automated analyzer (Dimension RXL). Serum biochemicals like Glucose, BUN, Creatinine, Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium, AST, ALT, total serum Protein and albumin level were found within the normal range. Similarly, hematologic indices Hb, PCV, Platelet counts, RBC counts, WBC counts, and differential leukocyte counts were also in normal ranges. However, eosinophil (7.83±0.82), and monocyte (4.4±0.53) counts were higher at significant numbers which suggests gastrointestinal parasitic infestations and/or allergic diseases along with some chronic infectious diseases in the buffalo herd of Bharatpur Metropolitancity in western Chitwan.
Consolidation In Pakistani Banking Sector
Authors: Memon Ziaul Haque , Shaikh Faisal A.
Published: March 2019

Pakistan’s banking sector has progressed rapidly in the last few years. The trend of consolidation in the industry, which began in the US and spread to Europe, Middle East, and South East Asia, has now reached the subcontinent. A process of consolidation as a viable solution has followed each crisis in the banking sector. In the aftermath of the crisis in South East Asia in 1997, when capital outflow plunged the banking sector, central banks of the states found consolidation as one of the crucial remedies. Since Pakistan was following the South East Asian model of financial liberalization, it also adopted consolidation under the supervision of the International Monetary Fund. After the collapse of Asian tigers, weak banks were asked to increase their paid up capital from PKR 500 million to PKR 1 billion. As a result, banks had to take the consolidation route. State Bank of Pakistan became powerful regulator after an amendment in 1997 Act. The following study is an attempt to find the reasons of consolidation in the banking sector of Pakistan.
Determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the face profile in ukrainian young men and girls with orthognathic bite
Authors: Dmitriev М. О.
Published: March 2019

Modern dentistry requires the definition of individualized values of teleroentgenographic indicators. To solve such problems, methods of regression and correlation analysis are increasingly used, which help to establish not only the existence of various relationships between the anatomical structures of the head and the parameters of the dento-jaw system, but also allow more accurately predict the change in the contour of soft facial tissue in response to orthodontic treatment. The purpose of the study is to develop mathematical models for the determination of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the facial soft tissues by studying the cephalometric indices of young men and women of Ukraine with normal occlusion and balanced faces and conducting a direct stepwise regression analysis. With the use of Veraviewepocs 3D device, Morita (Japan) from 38 young men (17 to 21 years of age) and 55 young women (aged from 16 to 20 years) with occlusal close to the orthognathic bite and balanced faces received side teleroentgenograms. The cephalometric analysis was performed using OnyxCeph³™ licensed software. Cephalometric points and measurements were made according to the recommendations of Downs W. B., Holdway R. A., McNamara J., Schwarz A. M., Schmuth G. P. F., Steiner C. C. and Tweed C. H. With the help of direct stepwise regression analysis, in the licensed package “Statistica 6.0”, regression models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were constructed. In young men with normal occlusion close to the orthognathic bite of 19 possible models, 11 were constructed with a determination coefficient from 0.638 to 0.930, and in young women – 12 models with a determination coefficient from 0.541 to 0.927. The conducted analysis of models showed that in young men most often the regression equations included – angle N_POG, parameters of which indicate a linear interjaw relation in the anterior-posterior direction (14.0%); angle GL_SNPOG, or index of convexity of the soft tissue profile (8.8%); MAX maxillary length (7.0%), and GL_SN_S index, which defines vertical correlations in the facial profile (5.3%). The young women most often models included – the angle N_POG (12.5%); angle GL_SNPOG (7.5%); soft tissue front angle P_OR_N (6.25%); the reference angle ML_NL and the profile angle T (by 5.0%); the angle AB_NPOG, the angle NBA_PTGN, which defines the direction of development of the mandible and the distance PN_A (3.75%). Thus, in the work with the help of the method of stepwise regression with inclusion, among Ukrainians of adolescence age, based on the characteristics of teleroentgenographic indicators, reliable models of individual teleroentgenographic characteristics of the profile of soft facial tissues were developed and analyzed.
Somatotypological features of acrobat girls in different periods of ontogenesis
Authors: Sarafinyuk L. A. , Khapitska O. P. , Yakusheva Yu. I. , Ivanytsia A. O. , Sarafinyuk P. V.
Published: March 2019

The somatotypological characteristic of acrobats in the literature is insufficiently disclosed, especially from the position of the role of sports selection, training and competitive activities in the formation of somatotype in athletes, whose professional activity is marked by coordination, rhythm and artistic movements, and the early onset of the impact of intense physical activity on their body. The purpose of the work is to establish the peculiarities of the components of the somatotype of acrobats with a high level of sportsmanship of prepubertal, pubertal and postpubertal age. We conducted a survey of 122 girls acrobats of high-level sports skills. As a control group, 126 girls were examined, who were not engaged in sports and studied in schools of Vinnytsia. The girls’ passport age was between 8 and 21 years old. In order to determine the biological age, we used the scheme Avtandilov G. G. (1990). The examined girls were divided into three groups according to the degree of biological maturity: prepubertal period (36 acrobats and 39 girls of the control group); puberty period (31 acrobats and 35 girls of the control group); postpubertal period (55 acrobats and 59 girls of the control group). The somatotypological study was performed according to the estimated modification of the Heath-Carters method (1990). The analysis of the obtained results was carried out in the licensed package “Statistica 5.5” using parametric methods of estimation of indicators. It was found that in the prepubertal period of the ontogenesis in the acrobat and in the girls who were not engaged in sports, the group somatotype was ecto-mesomorphic. In this period, the fatty component of the somatotype in acrobats was significantly lower, and mesomorphic - significantly higher than that of non-sports girls. In the puberty period, the somatotype in control and acrobats had distinct features of the ecto-mesomorphic type. It was found that acrobats in this period had a greater linearity of the body, as evidenced by the significantly higher values of their ectomorphic component of the somatotype. In addition, the size of the endomorphic component was significantly lower in athletes than in the control group. In the postpubertal period of ontogenesis, the F- and L-components were not significantly different, unlike in the previous period, which was characterized by intense puberty development. Acrobats only showed a significant predominance of the mesomorphic component of the somatotype. It can be concluded that the peculiarities of acrobatic sports activity in prepubertal, puberty and postpubertal age have the most significant effect on the development of the fatty and muscular components of the somatotype.
Features of quantitative indicators of finger and palmar dermatoglyphics in males and females with ichthyosis
Authors: Dmytrenko S. V. , Klimas L. А. , Kushnir V. A. , Serebrennikova О. А. , Serheta I.V.
Published: March 2019

Heterogeneity by types of genodermatoses inheritance from the group of ichthyosis, which include virtually all possible variants, is the basis for the application of one of the genetic methods of human study - the method of dermatoglyphics. The purpose of the study is to determine the peculiarities of the quantitative indexes of finger and palmar dermatoglyphics in men and women with ichthyosis. Dermatological examination was performed in 49 patients with ichthyosis and 136 dermatologically healthy persons. The sample of patients was conducted randomly. All persons received informed consent for conducting observations. Fingerprint and palm prints are obtained by scanning fingerprints on paper by the Futronic's FS8 USB2.0 Fingerprint Scanner using the ftrScanApiEx.exe program, and then transferring data to a personal computer. Processing of dermatoglyphics data was carried out according to the method of Cummins H. and Midlo Ch. (1961). The quantitative indices of both finger and palmar dermatoglifics were determined. The calculation of the received results was carried out in the licensed software package “Statistica 5.5”. The average sample values (M) and dispersion (σ) were determined in the groups of the subjects surveyed. Using the Mann-Whitney U-test determined the probability of differences in the results obtained for individual groups. A certain complex of quantitative signs of palmar dermatoglyphics is revealed, which is characteristic for men suffering from ichthyosis, which includes indexes of the intensity of the comb formations, the value of the length of the segment c-t, the value of the palm corners and the Cummins index. In women suffering from ichthyosis, such a complex includes, as in men, indicators of the intensity of the combs and the length of the segment c-t, except for which - also the value of palm comb accounts. Given the specific lamellar form of ichthyosis, the dermatoglyphic picture (monomorphism of established signs on both hands: the presence of a single 4-finger flexural fold, a pattern in the III interdigital gap, low localization of the carpal angle atd, and the presence of the ulnar loop, complicated by the internal pattern on the III finger of the left and the IV the finger of the right hand brushes), the authors concluded that the study of ichthyosis should be carried out necessarily for each form of ichthyosis separately, which significantly increases the resolution of the method of dermatoglyphics.
Age and gender features of thigh rheogram indicators in practically healthy adolescents
Authors: Hmel L. L. , Serebrennikova О. А. , Kyrychenko Yu. V. , Gnenna V. O.
Published: March 2019

According to many studies, the rheovasographic index of the thighs can detect slight changes in the vessels, do not constitute a critical inconvenience, but in advance indicate that more serious diseases of the lower limb are approaching. The purpose of the study is to determine the age and gender features of thigh rheogram indicators in practically healthy adolescents in the Podillia region of Ukraine. The rheographic parameters of the thighs of 103 practically healthy boys aged from 13 to 16 years old and 108 girls aged from 12 to 15 years, urban residents of the Podillia region of Ukraine, were determined using a cardiology computer diagnostic complex. The statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the license package “Statistica 5.5” using parametric and nonparametric methods for evaluating the obtained results. In 12-year-old girls, in comparison with other age groups, it was found that most of the amplitude indices (with the exception of the incisura amplitude), the time of the downstream part of the rheogram and the average speed of fast and slow blood flow are significantly higher, while the time of the rising part of the rheogram and fast and slow blood overflow and thumb vascular tone rates in most cases are significantly lower. In most cases, 13 and 14-year-old boys, compared to 15 and 16-year-old adolescents, the basic impedance and amplitude of the systolic wave, as well as most vascular tone rates and average slow-blood flow rates are significantly higher or tend to be higher. It has also been found that most of the time indicators (with the exception of slow blood flow time) in 14-year-old boys are significantly lower or tend to be lower than in other age groups of boys. When comparing rheogram data between boys and girls according to the calendar and biological age, the majority of amplitude and derivative indices, as well as the time of slow blood filling in 14 and 15-year-old girls, are significantly higher in girls. Boys have significantly higher values of the duration of the cardiac cycle and the time of the downstream part of the thigh rheogram, as well as all time and most indicators of vascular tone in 13-year-old boys than in 12-year-old girls. Thus, the expressed age and gender differences in the rheogram data of the thigh in practically healthy adolescents have been established.
Vanités : une invitation à jouir et à se réjouir ?
Authors: Vuillemin Jean-Claude
Published: March 2019

Alors que l’histoire de l’art ne s’est jamais beaucoup intéressée à établir un critère satisfaisant de discrimination entre Natures mortes et Vanités, cet article propose une distinction basée sur le mode de réception adopté : là où une lecture iconographique révèle une Nature morte, une lecture iconologique manifeste une Vanité. Cela dit, l’herméneutique de celle-ci demeure éminemment problématique. Contrairement au message de renonciation aux biens terrestres qu’elle s’efforce en principe de diffuser, la Vanité sera toujours susceptible d’être perçue comme une invitation à jouir et à se réjouir. Tempus fugit ? Donc carpe diem plutôt que memento mori.
Le sablier, la vanité et le sermon protestant français au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Thouin-Dieuaide Christabelle
Published: March 2019

Emblématique du temps qui passe, le sablier est un élément iconique majeur des tableaux de Vanités. Il est aussi, au XVIIe siècle, l’objet qui figure sur la chaire du pasteur protestant qui, dans le temps imparti de l’écoulement du sable, doit exhorter le fidèle à faire bon usage de son temps de mortel, pour aspirer au temps éternel. Le discours théologique et moral des prédicateurs rentre en collision avec les incises récurrentes dans les sermons sur le peu de temps qu’il reste encore au prédicateur pour achever son sermon, signalant ainsi que si la vie humaine n’est que vanité ; le discours qui le porte doit aussi s’en garder, en évitant toute parole creuse ou enflée, et rester dans les limites fixées par le sablier.
Plénitude du vide : dévoiement libertin des vanités classiques
Authors: Ganofsky Marine
Published: March 2019

Les Vanités composeraient-elles l’essence trop souvent oubliée de la littérature dite « libertine » du dix-huitième siècle ? La fiction voluptueuse du siècle des Lumières a observé et problématisé la nouvelle condition humaine à l’aube de la modernité : plus de Dieu capable de remplir le vide ; plus d’éternité à espérer au-delà de la finitude humaine ; plus rien que l’humain, le moment présent et la vérité de la sensation. Les personnages de cette littérature érotique mettent en scène une sagesse de l’homme-bulle qui serait un mécanisme d’adaptation à cette nouvelle réalité. Rien n’est vain pour ces êtres légers, tant que la vanité des plaisirs tient à distance le souvenir de la vanité de l’existence que menace le néant. Cependant, l’ironie de ces narrations libertines suggère, comme dans le modèle classique, que ces jouissances temporelles peuvent ne pas suffire à combler l’angoisse du vide. Une question est posée au lecteur qui surprend, dans la figure du libertin, l’anamorphose de l’humain : toi, te sachant mortel, entre angoisse et insouciance, quelle voie choisis-tu ?
Chateaubriand et la vanité : varietas ou pari pascalien ?
Authors: Garneau de l’Isle-Adam Marie-Christine Alix
Published: March 2019

Chateaubriand a produit une œuvre paradoxale : il fut accusé de vanité bien qu’il ait combattu sans relâche la vanité ; il employa le terme de vanité sous toutes ses acceptions, cela contrairement à ses contemporains ou ses prédécesseurs, Retz et Rousseau. D’où ces questions : doit-on réduire son œuvre à une vaine ποικιλíα, un exercice de rhétorique égocentrique procédant du miroitement et de la profusion, ou doit-on considérer son auteur comme un moraliste, continuateur de Pascal et donc un « monstre incompréhensible » à son siècle ?
Le théâtre des vanités mondaines : le Bois de Boulogne dans les chroniques zoliennes
Authors: Kaczmarek-Wiśniewska Anna
Published: March 2019

L’œuvre journalistique d’Émile Zola touche tous les aspects de la réalité parisienne de son époque : des sujets « sérieux », sociaux et politiques, à ceux qu’on peut qualifier de légers, voire frivoles. L’existence de la gentry de la capitale sous le règne de Napoléon III compte, selon l’écrivain, selon ces derniers, étant focalisée sur les apparences et sur un affichage ostentatoire de la richesse. En effet, la vanité s’avère être le défaut principal de la belle société parisienne du Second Empire, et le paraître devient sa nouvelle religion. La scène préférée de la parade quotidienne des mondains est le Bois de Boulogne, récemment transformé en un parc à l’anglaise. L’article se penche sur quelques éléments de cette « parade des vanités » dans le contexte de l’attitude hostile de Zola à l’égard du régime qu’il déteste.
Lyrisme de la vanité et vanité du lyrisme. Quelques exemples de poétiques du XIXe siècle, de Baudelaire à Laforgue
Authors: Glatigny Sandra
Published: March 2019

À son apogée au XVIIe siècle, la Vanité, grâce à sa codification, perdure au-delà de cette époque propice à son épanouissement. De même que la dimension religieuse et dogmatique tend à s’estomper au XIXe, les symboles de la vacuité et de l’illusion existentielle sont repris de manière partielle. Peut-on alors encore parler de Vanité quand le discours symbolique est lacunaire ou incomplet ? De Baudelaire à Laforgue, les poétiques du XIXe siècle opèrent un déplacement axiologique qui tend à annihiler la portée argumentative initiale. Dès lors, pourquoi reprendre une tradition apparemment incompatible avec le discours lyrique ? En fait, dotée d’une dimension métadiscursive, la Vanité semble participer de la dynamique critique, propre au lyrisme de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle et contribue à le renouveler. Entre sérieux et ironie, la transposition picturale de la Vanité favorise un dialogue intersémiotique qui ménage un espace vacant pour un autre mode de transmission des sentiments.
Mallarmé et les paradoxes de la vanité
Authors: Opiela-Mrozik Anna
Published: March 2019

L’article analyse la notion polysémique de vanité dans la pensée et dans l’œuvre de Mallarmé. Le concept dévoile les paradoxes de la création mallarméenne : le poète jugé obscur et accusé de vanité, était déchiré entre le rêve de gloire et l’autodévalorisation. C’est dans l’Art auto-réflexif par excellence qu’il projetait sa satisfaction d’artiste et trouvait un sens de la vie. Mais ayant vécu une crise spirituelle et découvert la vanité du langage, Mallarmé a choisi de prolonger une illusion de la littérature en trouvant dans le Néant les ressources de sa poésie. À force de « creuser le vers », il construit donc une poétique de la vanité qui reste synonyme d’inanité ou de vide où le sens des mots est relayé par la sonorité du langage. En plus, tout en luttant contre la stérilité poétique, à travers l’écriture des Vanités, Mallarmé s’immerge dans la mort afin de créer un « tombeau idéal » pour son fils disparu.
Entre la danse macabre et l’apologie de la vie, ou les vanités selon Joris-Karl Huysmans
Authors: Litwinowicz Zofia
Published: March 2019

Dans l’œuvre huysmansienne, en particulier celle de la transition entre sa phase décadente, marquée par Là-bas (1891), et la période du naturalisme mystique, dont le fruit le plus mûr reste La Cathédrale (1898), il est possible de retracer la transformation complète et profonde du traitement de la vanitas. Le présent article propose une analyse de trois étapes de cette évolution. Il part de la vanitas macabre de Là-bas, proche de l’esthétique de Félicien Rops, auquel Huysmans s’intéresse dans les années 1880, et du motif de la tentation de saint Antoine dans les arts de la fin du Moyen-Âge et du début de Renaissance. Ensuite, il examine l’approche huysmansienne à la Crucifixion de Cassel et au retable d’Issenheim de Matthias Grünewald, qui constitue un passage entre l’esthétique de la danse macabre et celle du naturalisme mystique. Finalement, il étudie le legs des ekphraseis de Grünewald : l’apologie de la vie et un regard nouveau sur la vanitas dans La Cathédrale.
« Mais qui ose en affronter les suites ? » : Emil Cioran et les rapports entre la vanité, le suicide et l’écriture
Authors: Acquisto Joseph
Published: March 2019

Selon Emil Cioran, tout être humain est « imbu de la conviction que tout est vain ». Par contre, Cioran se demande tout de suite après avoir indiqué cette reconnaissance universelle de la vanité : « Mais qui ose en affronter les suites ? ». En quoi l’écrivain cioranien s’associe-t-il à cette humanité généralisée et en quoi est-ce qu’il s’en distingue ?

Quelle doit être notre réaction alors, face à la vanité de tout ? On pourrait être tenté de dire que la destruction, et surtout l’autodestruction, semble être la réaction la plus raisonnée. Bien que Cioran écrive de manière quasi-obsessionnelle sur le thème du suicide, il n’arrive pas à le recommander comme solution à la vanité justement parce que la vanité résiste à toute solution. L’écrivain se voit ainsi dans une position contradictoire, car à quoi sert-il de déclarer la vanité de tout si cette déclaration ne fait que participer à cette même vanité ? L’acte de publier des livres n’est pas, selon Cioran, plus efficace que le suicide en ce qui concerne l’atténuation de la vanité, mais l’écriture et la lecture en tant que création et destruction simultanées nous permettent d’oublier la vanité au moins assez pour continuer à vivre.
Le Tramway de Claude Simon : une vanité postmoderne ?
Authors: Belarbi Mokhtar
Published: March 2019

Le thème de la vanité occupe une place de choix dans Le Tramway de Claude Simon. Dans ce texte, il a adopté une nouvelle conception de la vanité. Certes, l’auteur a toujours évoqué des thèmes intimement associés à la vanité, tels que le thème de la mort, le thème de la mélancolie, le thème de la guerre, etc., mais la finitude a toujours été pour lui une phase cruciale pour le retour au primordial et à l’origine, pour le commencement d’un nouveau cycle  de la vie. Dans Le Tramway, la vanité du monde est présentée d’une manière tragique. Il n’y a aucune référence à la primordialité ni au retour cyclique des choses. L’auteur insiste sur l’actualisation, dans la mémoire, du temps de la mort. Un nombre important de métaphores et de symboles mettent en exergue ce thème de la mort ; c’est comme si l’auteur lançait au lecteur un memento mori de la part de quelqu’un sur le point de vivre cette expérience funeste qui est irrémédiable et définitive. C’est ce qui confère au texte une dimension tragique et humaine indéniable.
Avant-propos
Authors: Kociubińska Edyta , Niedokos Judyta
Published: March 2019

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Effects of α, β momorcharin extract of momordica charantia in intracellular free calcium on cancer cell lines.
Authors: MANOHARAN GUNASEKAR
Published: March 2019

The Momordica charantia L., (family: Cucurbitaceae) is a scientific name of the plant and its fruit. It is also known by other names, for instance in the USA it is known as Bitter gourd or balsam pear while its referred to as the African cucumber in many African countries. This study was specifically designed to investigate the cellular mechanisms whereby alpha, beta momorcharin an extract of M. charantiacan induce cell death measuring the elevation in intracellular free calcium concentrations in three different cancer cell lines 1321N1, Gos-3 and U-87. The results show that incubation of the three cancer cell lines 1321N1, Gos-3 and U-87 with  α, β momorcharin can result in significant (p < 0.05) time-dependent increases in [Ca2+]i in all three cancer cell lines compared to control (untreated) cells. Maximal increases in [Ca2+]i was attained after 420 min of incubation.In control (untreated cell lines), [Ca2+]i remained more or less stable in both cell lines after 420 min. The results also show that the increase in [Ca2+]i in Gos-3 cell line was much more pronounced following incubation with α, β momorcharin compared to 1321N1 and U-87 cell line. The results show that incubation of the three cancer cell lines with  momorcharin can result in significant (p < 0.05) time-dependent increases in [Ca2+]i in all three cancer cell lines compared to control (untreated) cells. Maximal increases in [Ca2+]i was attained after 420 min of incubation. In control (untreated cell lines), [Ca2+]i remained more or less stable in all three cell lines after 420 min. These results clearly show that  α, β momorcharin extract of M. charantia is exerting its anti- cancer effect via an insult to the mitochondria resulting in apoptosis, calcium overloading and subsequently, cell death.
Conceptual, sociological and materialistic view of innovation-translation dynamics in medicine: The need and directions for a novel multi-pronged initiative
Authors: A Ebinesh , NL Bharath , Naik Harshitha J
Published: March 2019

The recent decades have witnessed overwhelming advancements in medical technologies and the quality of healthcare. A vast majority of the advancements which are capable of revolutionising healthcare still remain dormant within laboratories which is certainly due to the tardive translation and assimilation of these innovations. Innovation-translation is explained by an over-simplified linear model which provides the users with just two option- either to adopt or not. The translation of medical innovation is a cyclical and dynamic process which includes the conception of novel ideas, generation of proof of concept, adoption, post-adoption analysis and emergence of new innovations. Conceptual factors like principle, validity, contextual appropriateness and performance; sociological factors like political climate, professional involvement, interdisciplinary interaction and investment policies; and materialistic factors like resource availability, affordability and apt human resource management are the chief determinants of innovation translation. Loose knit configuration of national policies favour innovation translation than close knit configuration. India suffers from lack of drive for local innovation, lack of succinct aptitude, inadequate local investment and lack of efficient regulation. Innovation studies expose the determinants of successful and failed innovations. Ensuring a favourable political and financial environment that provides systematic innovation assessment, evaluation and regulation, valid operational guidelines, encourage local innovation, and promote intellectual aptitude can drive further innovation. Competitively promoting sustaining and disruptive innovation will enable remarkable advancements. Post-adoption analysis and feedback and Precision medicine are significant tools. Efforts should be made to introduce and ensure meticulous innovation surveillance.

Keywords: Innovation-translation dynamics; Cyclic dynamic model; Innovation surveillance; Regulation.
A critical analysis of Pentecostalism and development in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Nyoni Bednicho
Published: March 2019

Can religion in Africa be a genuine and permanent partner for sustainable development in an asymmetrical world and modern world system? Can indigenous African peoples create African futures within the aforesaid question and in the midst of spiritual coloniality? Despite apparent differences between the regions and cultural groups on this colossal continent, we can identify similar elements in religion. Religion has proven to be the highest social institution with an overwhelming influence on the lives of indigenous peoples in Sub-Saharan Africa, in contrast to other social institutions. This is evidenced by the contemporary realities that wherever you turn in this region’s communities, Churches overwhelm the landscape. Therefore, this is a testimony that belief in religion has grown stronger in the same region compared to the yesteryears. Of colossal interest in this article is the comparison between the classical Pentecostalism and the new Pentecostalism / Charismaticalism Mega-Churches. The former’s approach was and/or is more oriented in empowerment in its thrust – thus, they are conduits for sustainable development, whereas the latter’s thrust is more inclined in food distribution than in development programs and projects, as well as their theological, behavioural activities and characteristics or distinctive are the opposite of the former. The latter’s charismatic prophets and preachers who are sole owners of these Mega-Churches accumulate wealth more than their governments. Their spiritual advice is shrouded with ‘gospreneurship’ premised on carnal, greedy, treacherous and selfish inveiglement that seeks to continue fleecing and milking unsuspecting poor masses of congregants of their hard earned. There is mass enslavement here. Therefore, in relation to the aforesaid challenges posed by these new Pentecostal/Charismatic Mega-Churches in Africa the article’s contention is that there is a need for freedom or liberation from spiritual coloniality for sustainable development in order to create new humanism and genuine African futures.