bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keanekaragaman Arthropoda di Permukaan Tanah pada Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max L.) yang Diaplikasi dengan Beberapa Pestisida Di Lahan Pasang Surut
Authors: Hilmuddin Hilmuddin , Soedijo Samharinto , Liestiany Elly
Published: June 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian keanekaragaman arthropoda di permukaan tanah pada tanaman kedelai(Glycine Max L.) yang diaplikasi dengan beberapa pestisida di lahan pasang surut. Penelitiandilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober – Desember 2018. Tempat penelitian di Desa Sidomulyo KecamatanTamban Catur Kapuas. Identifikasi serangga dilakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi FakultasPertanian Universitas Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru. Keanekaragaman ditentukan dengan indekskeanekaragaman (H’) (Shannon-Winner). Di samping itu juga ditentukan kelimpahan arthropodanya,dengan menghitung arthropoda yang tertangkap. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah Kontrol (tanpapestisida), pestisida Biologi (pestisida berbahan aktif Bacillus thuringiensis), pestisida Piretroid(berbahan aktif Deltametrin), pestisida Nabati ( campuran ekstrak buah cabe jawa dan biji Srikayadengan perbandingan 1:9), pestisida Organofosfat (bahan aktif Propenopos) dan diulang 5 kali. Hasilpenelitian yang menunjukkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi adalah perlakuan pestisidaPiretroid (H’= 2,51), diikuti dengan perlakuan pestisida Nabati (H’= 2,39), pestisida Biologi (H’=2,33) tanpa penggunaan pestisida /Kontrol (H’=2,31) dan pestisida Organofosfat (H’=2,51). Nilaikelimpahan arthropoda yang tertinggi yaitu Piretrioid merupakan perlakuan dengan tingkat kelimpahanarthropoda tertinggi sebesar (130 ekor), diikuti dengan perlakuan Biologi (118 ekor), Nabati (112ekor) tanpa penggunaan pestisida /Kontrol (107 ekor) dan Organofosfat (100 ekor).
Eksplorasi Cendawan Rizosfer Asal Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Adam yang Berpotensi Sebagai Antagonis untuk Mengendalikan Jamur Akar Putih (Rigidoporus Lignosus)
Authors: Mufidah Elfirdha Anas , Marsuni Yusriadi , Fitriyanti Dewi
Published: June 2022

Rigidoporus lignosus atau yang sering kita sebut Jamur Akar Putih adalah penyakit utama yang sangat merugikan pada tanaman karet, menyebar melalui tanah (penyakit tular tanah), R. lignosus menular melalui akar tanaman sakit dan basidiospora yang dibawa melalu angin yang menyebabkan pohon mati dan kerugian produksi yang besar. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan biofungisida trico atau pengendalian hayati mampu mengendalikan Jamur Akar Putih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan plasma nutfah pada tanah Taman Raya Sultan Adam Mandiangin (Tahura) yaitu cendawan  antagonis dan mengetahui cendawan rizosfer asal tahura yang berpotensi dalam menekan pertumbuhan R. lignosus secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji antagonis terhadap patogen R. lignosus dengan RAL 1 faktor dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan 6 cendawan pada rizosfer mampu menekan pertumbuhan R. lignosus secara in vitro dari 10 yang didapat. Berdasarkan persentase daya hambat >50% dan kemampuan kompetisi ruang di dapat isolat uji  Trichoderma spp. sebesar (66.00%).
Pemanfaatan Serbuk Kulit Durian Sebagai Pestisida Nabati Untuk Mengendalikan Fusarium oxysporum Penyebab Penyakit Moler Pada Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Rahmayani Ria Putri , . Salamiah , Pramudi Muhammad Indar
Published: June 2022

Fusarium oxysporum merupakan penyakit penting pada bawang merah. Gejala khas yang ditimbulkan berupa daun yang memelintir sehingga penyakit ini dikenal dengan sebutan penyakit moler. Pengendalian yang paling sering digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan  pestisida kimia. Memperhatikan dampak negatif dari pestisida kimia berupa kerusakan lingkungan dan terancamnya kesehatan makhluk hidup non target maka salah satu solusinya adalah dengan menggunakan pestisida nabati yang ramah lingkungan dan lebih aman seperti memanfaakan kulit buah durian. Kulit buah durian telah dikonfirmasi mengandung senyawa yang bersifat sebagai antifungi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi kulit durian dalam bentuk serbuk sebagai pestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan penyakit F. oxysporum pada tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 tahap yaitu in vitro dan in vivo. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan pada in vivo adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan (kontrol negatif (Inokulasi F. oxysporum), kontrol positif  (F. oxysporum+Fungisida (Benomil), Serbuk kulit durian 0,125 kg/ha + F. oxysporum, Serbuk kulit durian 0,25 kg/ha  + F. oxysporum, Serbuk kulit durian 0,375 kg/ha+ F. oxysporum) dan 4 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serbuk kulit durian berpotensi dijadikan sebagai pestisida karena mampu menghambat pertumbuuhan F. oxysporum baik secara in vitro ataupun in vivo.
Pengaruh Umur Tanaman Kacang Nagara Terhadap Intensitas Penyakit Karat
Authors: Yanti Risky , Mariana Mariana , Pramudi M Indar
Published: June 2022

Kacang Nagara (Vigna unguiculata sp. cylindrica) merupakan sumber daya genetik lokal yang dapat tumbuh dengan baik di Kalimantan Selatan, khususnya di daerah Nagara Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Selatan. Penyakit karat pada kacang-kacangan sangat merugikan bagi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh umur tanaman kacang nagara saat diinokulasi patogen terserang penyakit karat. Penelitian ini menggenakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 taraf yaitu 7 hari, 14 hari, 21 hari, 35 hari dan 42 hari. Ada 3 jumlah varietas dengan 4 ulangan sehingga didapatkan 72 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serangan penyakit karat pada tanaman kacang nagara dipengaruhi oleh umur tanaman. Kacang nagara yang berumur 42 hari lebih mudah terserang penyakit karat dibanding bila serangan datang pada saat tanaman berumur 7 hari dan 14 hari. Hal ini juga terjadi pada kacang tunggak sedangkan kedelai varietas Dena-1 tetap tidak terserang sampai dengan pengamatan terakhir.
Konsentrasi Larutan Daun Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) Untuk Menekan Kejadian Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum sp) Pada Cabai Rawit Varietas Hiyung Di Desa Hiyung
Authors: Norsalehah Norsalehah , Mariana Mariana , Budi Ismed Setya
Published: June 2022

Jamur Colletotrichum sp yaitu patogen yang menyebabkan penyakit antraknosa. Penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai rawit hiyung merupakan kendala utama bagi petani. Penanaman cabai terus dilakukan sepanjang musim, dan pestisida kimia dipakai secara terus menerus menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi konsumen, lingkungan dan patogennya. Solusinya yaitu pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan, salah satunya menggunakan kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris).Tanaman kelakai mudah di dapat sehingga punya prosfek bila terbukti efektif mampu menghambat terjadinya penyakit, untuk dikembangkan sebagai biopestisida yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi larutan daun kelakai terhadap kejadian penyakit antraknosa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan Di Desa Hiyung, Kec Tapin Tengah Kab Tapin dari bulan Mei – Oktober 2021. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sehingga ada 16 satuan percobaan. Perlakuannya adalah kontrol = (air), perlakuan  K50 gr/l, K100 gr/l dan K150 gr/l larutan daun kelakai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larutan daun kelakai berpengaruh terhadap kejadian penyakit antraknosa. Konsentrasi K50 gr/l, K100 gr/l dan K150 gr/l mempunyai kemampuan yang sama dalam menekan kejadian penyakit antraknosa namun dengan kontrol berbeda.
Uji Daya Antagonis Beberapa Khamir Sebagai Agen Pengendali Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotricum sp.) Pada Buah Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Mutmainnah Nur , Mariana Mariana , Rosa Helda Orbani
Published: June 2022

Tomat merupakan sayuran buah yang banyak diminati dan mempunyai nilai ekonomi. Salah satu penyebab terjadinya penurunan produksi tomat akibat antraknosa (Colletotrichum sp.) khamir merupakan mikroba antagonis yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit pascapanen pada buah tomat akibat serangan antraknosa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh khamir dalam menekan pertumbuhan Colletotrichum sp. baik secara invitro maupun invivo dengan khamir yang di dapat dari beberapa buah yaitu tomat, cabai, terong ungu, terong pipit dan kentang Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan khamir tidak berpengaruh terhadap keterjadian penyakit antraknosa pada buah tomat. Namun khamir berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan colletotrichum sp. secara invitro.
Effect of Methane Cracking on Carbon Isotope Reversal and the Production of Over Mature Shale Gas
Authors: Mi Jingkui , Wu Wei , Zhu Di , Feng Ziqi
Published: June 2022

Exploration practices have proven that over mature shale gas exhibits a feature of carbon isotope reversal. The geochemical statistics indicate that the wetness (C2-C5/C1-C5) of shale gas with carbon isotope reversal is less than 1.8%. In addition, the magnitude of carbon isotope reversal (δ13C1- δ13C2) for the over mature shale gas presents a parabolic variation with decreasing wetness. δ13C1-δ13C2 increases with decreasing wetness within a wetness range of 0.9% ~1.8% and then decreases with decreasing wetness at wetness < 0.9%. The CH4 cracking experiment demonstrates that CH4 polymerization occurring in the early stage of CH4 cracking is an important factor involved in isotope reversal of over mature shale gas. Moreover, δ13C1- δ13C2 decreases with an increase in experimental temperature prior to CH4 substantial cracking. The values of δ13C1 and δ13C2 tend to equalize during CH4 substantial cracking. The δ13C1-δ13C2 of mud gas present at different depths during shale gas drilling in Sichuan Basin increases initially, then decreases with further increase in the depth and finally tends to zero, with only a trace hydrocarbon gas being detectable. Statistical data suggests that the shale gas production in Sichuan Basin decreases with the decreasing δ13C1-δ13C2 value and wetness. Thus, δ13C1-δ13C2 and wetness could potentially serve as useful criteria to screen CH4 cracking degree and to determine the largest depth of natural gas exploration. Great care should be taken during shale gas exploration in deeper layers, with wetness and δ13C1-δ13C2 less than 0.2% and 1%, respectively, since very low wetness (<0.2%) and δ13C1-δ13C2 (<1%) might be indicative of CH4 substantial cracking in a geological setting.
Association between Mortality and Cardiovascular Diseases in Vulnerable Mexican Populations, A Retrospective Study of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Padilla-Rivas Gerardo R. , Delgado-Gallegos Juan Luis , Garza-Treviño Gerardo , Galán-Huerta Kame A. , G-Buentello Zuca , Roacho-Pérez Jorge A. , Franco-Villareal Héctor , Leyva-López Ahidée , Estrada-Rodriguez Ana , Moreno-Cuevas Jorge E. , Ramos-Jiménez Javier , Rivas-Estrilla Ana Ma. , Garza-Treviño Elsa N. , Islas Jose Francisco
Published: June 2022

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD´s) continue as the primary cause of death worldwide. During the past couple of years, and with the surge of the COVID-19 pandemic, deaths linked to CVD´s were -slightly overshadowed by those deaths related to COVID-19, albeit during the highest peaks of the pandemic. The present study derived form understanding the correlation between both diseases, from the standpoint of patients already diagnosed with CVD´s (n = 41883) and what comorbidities had the highest influence on overall patient death (n = 3637). Obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are all linked to worsening the outcome of COVID-19 positive patients, hence they were considered when looking at the overview of all CVD positive patients. Our finding showed that 1697 deaths were related to diabetes (p < 0.001), 987 deaths were related to obesity (p < 0.001), and lastly 2499 deaths were attributed to hypertension (p < 0.001) individually. Using logistic regression modeling, we found diabetes (OR: 1.744, p < 0.001) and hypertension (OR: 2.179, p < 0.001) had a high impact on patient deaths. Hence, having a CVD diagnosis, with hypertension and/or diabetes seems to increase the likely-hood of complication leading to death in COVID-19 positive patients.
Dynamic Model Used for Describing the Coupled Vibration of Gear Pair and Bearing in the Gearbox
Authors: Yan Shuping , Dai Peng , Shu Da , Wang Jianbin , Sun Jie , Zhang Dabin , Li Hongwei
Published: June 2022

The fault diagnosis of the gearbox is primarily based on the analysis of the harmonic response. However, the generation mechanism of the harmonic response of the gear pair is still not distinctly explained in a healthy gearbox. Therefore, this paper is dedicated to establishing a dynamic model of the gearbox for this issue. In this model, the contact force of the bearing and the meshing stiffness of the gear pair are determined by the Hertz theory and the potential energy method, then the shaft motion is used as the connection to establish the coupling relationship between the gear pair and the bearing. After this dynamic model is confirmed by experiments and existing models, the coupling relationship inside the gearbox and the harmonic response of the gear pair are studied using this model. The result demonstrates that a closed control loop is formed due to the vibration transmission between the gear pair, the bearing and the shaft, and there is a strong coupled vibration between the gear pair and the bearing in the gearbox. Due to the generation of the center distance error, misalignment angle and disorganized meshing process of the gear pair, the meshing stiffness is altered, which excites the harmonic response of the gear pair. When the speed of the gearbox is increased, although the vibration amplitude of the gearbox is increased, the system predominantly vibrates at the fundamental frequency, and the harmonic of the gear pair is also shifted to the low frequency band.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Biofilm-Forming Staphylococcus aureus from Different Food Sources in Bangladesh
Authors: Ballah Fatimah Mohammad , Islam Md. Saiful , Rana Md. Liton , Ferdous Farhana Binte , Ahmed Rokeya , Pramanik Pritom Kumar , Karmoker Jarna , Ievy Samina , Sobur Md. Abdus , Siddique Mahbubul Pratik , Khatun Mst. Minara , Rahman Marzia , Rahman Md. Tanvir
Published: June 2022

Staphylococcus aureus is a major food-borne pathogen. The ability of S. aureus to produce biofilm is a significant virulence factor triggering its persistence in hostile environments. In this study, we screened a total of 420 different food samples and human hand swabs to detect S. aureus and to determine their biofilm formation ability. Samples analyzed were meat, milk, egg, fish, fast foods, and hand swabs. S. aureus were detected by culturing, staining, biochemical, and PCR. Biofilm formation ability was determined by Congo Red Agar (CRA) plate and Crystal Violet Microtiter Plate (CVMP) tests. The icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, and bap genes involved in the synthesis of bio-film-forming intracellular adhesion compounds were detected by PCR. About 23.81% (100/420; 95% CI: 14.17-29.98%) samples harbored S. aureus as revealed by detection of the nuc gene. CRA plate revealed 20% of S. aureus isolates as strong biofilm producers, while 69% and 11% as in-termediate and non-biofilm producers, respectively. By the CVMP staining method, 20%, 77%, and 3% of the isolates were found strong, intermediate, and non-biofilm producers. Furthermore, 21% of S. aureus isolates carried at least one biofilm-forming gene, where icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, and bap genes were detected in 15%, 20%, 7%, 20%, and 10% of the S. aureus isolates, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed high significant correlations (p<0.001) between any of the two adhesion genes of S. aureus isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Bangladesh describing the detection of biofilm-forming S. aureus from foods and hand swabs with molecular-based evidence. Our findings suggest that food samples should be deemed a potential reservoir of biofilm-forming S. aureus that indicates a potential public health significance.
Математическое моделирование как неотъемлемая часть методологии эксперимента в аэродинамических трубах
Authors: Босняков Сергей Михайлович , Bosnyakov Sergei Mikhailovich , Енгулатова Марина Фаритовна , Engulatova Marina Faritovna , Матяш Сергей Владимирович , Matyash Sergei Vladimirovich , Михайлов Сергей Владимирович , Mikhailov Sergei Vladimirovich
Published: June 2022

Показано, что предварительное математическое моделирование является неотъемлемой частью экспериментальной методики. Оно может использоваться на разных
этапах подготовки эксперимента в аэродинамической трубе (АДТ). Полученная в
расчете предварительная информация задает направление экспериментальных исследований, помогает выбрать области для установки экспериментального оборудования, а также избегать ошибок во время проведения эксперимента.
Distal Clavicle Physeal Fracture in a 15-Year-Old Adolescent Boy
Authors: Radi Joshua K. , Min Kyong S.
Published: June 2022

The following article addresses a case study regarding a 15-year-old adolescent boy who presented with right shoulder pain after a hockey injury and was diagnosed and treated for a distal clavicle physeal fracture. Topics include anatomy, mechanism of injury, prevalence, workup and diagnosis, treatment (operative vs. nonoperative), and return-to-sports guidance. This is a rare injury in the pediatric population, but with proper diagnosis and management, the prognosis is a full recovery after 3 months.
Fungal endophytes of Himalayan Cold Desert Induces Heat tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: S Arpitha P , N Earanna , S Shivashankara K , H Laxman R
Published: June 2022

The plants growing in cold desert of western Himalaya have inhabited diversified endophytes. These endophytes can provide fitness to plant under harsh environmental situations. In the current study, 22 fungal endophytes isolated from Artemisia and Xerophytic plants growing in the cold desert were screened for thermo-tolerance at different temperature ranges (28, 30 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40oC) under in vitro. The only three isolates viz., A2, A7 and X5 exhibited growth up to 40oC and identified as Penicilium funiculosum (A2), Ceriporia lacerate (A7) and Endomelanconiopsis endophytica (X5) using ITS region. These endophytes inoculated to rice seedlings and exposed to elevated temperature (45℃) for 7hr per day for 10 days to study their effect on tolerance of rice to heat stress. The results revealed that endophytes inoculated seedlings showed sustained improvement in shoot and root growth. The E. endophytica was chosen to be the best endophyte to impart heat stress as per Fernandez model. This study suggested that cold desert endophytes could induce heat tolerance in plants.
Differing SAGA module requirements for NCR-sensitive gene transcription in yeast
Authors: Georis Isabelle , Ronsmans Aria , Vierendeels Fabienne , Dubois Evelyne
Published: June 2022

Nitrogen Catabolite repression is a means for yeast to adapt its transcriptome to changing nitrogen sources in its environment. In conditions of derepression (under poor nitrogen condition, upon rapamycin treatment, or when glutamine production is inhibited), two transcriptional activators of the GATA family are recruited to NCR-sensitive promoters and activate transcription of NCR-sensitive genes. Earlier observations have involved the SAGA chromatin remodelling complex in these transcriptional regulations. In this report, we provide an illustration of the varying NCR-sensitive responses and question whether differing SAGA recruitment could explain this diversity of responses.
Lactobacillus spp. isolated from prebiotic-derived raw goat milk: probiotic characteristics, cholesterol assimilation and folate production
Authors: TULUMOĞLU Şener , KARİPTAŞ Ergin , ERDEM Belgin
Published: June 2022

Many studies have shown that Lactobacillus species are bacteria that are mostly used as probiotics. Here, we evaluated cholesterol assimilation and folic acid production by determining the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus spp from raw goat milk, which has prebiotic properties. Bacteria were isolated from goat milk, and API 50 CHL and 16sRNA identification was performed. Probiotic properties were determined based on bile salt and acidic tolerance, hydrophobicity, haemolytic activity, antibiotic susceptibility, antagonistic effect, and exopolysaccharide production. In addition, cholesterol assimilation and folate production of cultures were determined. The exopolysaccharide production of Lactobacillus plantarum GM-12 was moderate (++), with the highest folate production (179 ng /dl), and high cholesterol assimilation (60 mg / dl). The exopolysaccharide production of L. plantarum GM-15 was high (+++), with high folate production (160 ng / dl) and high cholesterol assimilation (58 mg / dl). It is understood that these two strains may be potential probiotics and At the same time, these two lactobacilli are strong candidates for use as starter cultures.
Elevated nest temperature has opposing effects on host species infested with parasitic nest flies
Authors: Albert Lauren , RUMSCHLAG SAMANTHA , PARKER ALEXANDRA , VAZIRI GRACE , KNUTIE SARAH A.
Published: June 2022

Environmental factors, such as elevated temperature, can have varying effects on hosts and their parasites, which can have consequences for disease outcomes. The individual direct effects of temperature must be disentangled to determine the net-effect in host-parasite relationships, yet few studies have determined the net-effects in a multi-host system. To address this gap, we experimentally manipulated temperature and parasite presence in the nests of two host species infested by parasitic blowflies (Protocalliphora sialia). We conducted a factorial experiment by increasing temperature (or not) and removing all parasites (or not) in the nests of eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) and tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). We then measured nestling morphometrics, blood loss, and survival and quantified parasite abundance. We predicted that if temperature had a direct effect on parasite fitness, then elevated temperature would cause similar directional effects on parasite abundance across host species. If temperature had a direct effect on hosts, and therefore an indirect effect on the parasite, parasite abundance would differ across host species. Heated swallow nests had fewer parasites compared to non-heated nests. In contrast, heated bluebird nests had more parasites compared to non-heated nests. The results of our study demonstrate that elevated temperature can have differential effects on host species, which can impact infestation susceptibility. Furthermore, changing climates could have complex net-effects on parasite fitness and host health across multi-host-parasite interactions.
Novel WSN Coverage Optimization Strategy via Monarch Butterfly Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Yue Yinggao , Cao Li , Zhong Yong
Published: June 2022

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) show disadvantages of redundancy and relatively high network cost. Aiming at the problems of redundancy and increased network cost in the deployment of nodes in the wireless sensor network. Taking network coverage as the optimization goal, combined with the probability perception model, a new WSN coverage optimization method is proposed. With network coverage as the optimization goal, and a coverage optimization strategy for WSNs based on the improved monarch butterfly optimization algorithm is proposed. A mathematical model based on energy consumption, work efficiency, and coverage of the sensor network is established. To accelerate the convergence speed of the monarch butterfly algorithm, extend its search range, and prevent falling into local extreme values, the butterfly adjustment ratio is adjusted as per the number of iterations. A hybrid update rule is established based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm wherein the population is divided into three parts which are updated through migration, butterfly adjustment, and particle swarm update rules. A series of benchmarking functions are utilized to compare the proposed method with other WSN coverage optimization methods. The results show that the proposed algorithm effectively improves network coverage and node utilization while reducing network consumption.
Functional lung volume measurement method for the prediction of postoperative pulmonary function
Authors: Fan Zheyuan , Zhao Shilei , Wang Ling , Li Fengzhou , Wang Jin , Gu Chundong
Published: June 2022

Background
Functional lung volume (FLV) obtained from computed tomography images was a breakthrough for lung imaging and functional assessment. We compared the accuracy of the FLV measurement method and the segment-counting (SC) method in predicting postoperative pulmonary function.
Methods
A total of 113 patients who underwent two thoracoscopic surgeries were enrolled in our study. We predicted postoperative pulmonary function based on the FLV measurement method and the SC method. Novel formulas based on the FLV measurement method were established using linear regression equations between the factors affecting pulmonary function and the measured values.
Results
The measured pulmonary function by the FLV measurement method showed a better match with the postoperative pulmonary function than the SC method for forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Regression analysis showed that the measured preoperative pulmonary function parameters and the ratio of reduced FLV to preoperative FLV were significantly associated with the postoperative pulmonary function parameters and could predict these parameters. The feasibility of using these equations to predict the pulmonary function parameters after wedge resection was also verified.
Conclusions
The new FLV measurement method is valuable in predicting postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing lung resection surgery with an accuracy and consistency similar to those of the conventional SC method.
Investigating water quality transformation and the dominant driving mechanism of rivers under sluice scheduling
Authors: Mi Qingbin , Dou Ming , Xia Rui , Li Guiqiu , Liang Li
Published: June 2022

The complicated biogeochemical behavior of matters in the water environment caused by sluice scheduling result in the transformation of water quality to present the characteristics of multi-media, multi-phase and multi-form. Based on the complex reaction mechanism induced by sluice scheduling in water environment system, a mathematical expression describing the mass transfer process of water components between various phases was proposed, a multi-phase transformation model of water quality with certain physical mechanism was established, and the water quality concentration under different sluice scheduling situations were simulated. By comparing with the no sluice scenario, the water quality concentration change rate under different sluice scheduling situations was calculated; the role of sluice scheduling in the transformation process of water quality was quantitatively evaluated; the driving effect of sluice scheduling on various reaction mechanisms in water was analyzed; and the dominant driving mechanism was identified. This study found that the change in pollutant concentration was significantly affected by sluice scheduling. Furthermore, the water quality concentration change rate was inversely associated with the change in the gate opening height, and the water quality concentration change rate in dissolved phase was larger than that in other phases. The strength and weakness of different dominant reaction mechanisms changed alternately with a change in sluice scheduling. For Huaidian Sluice, when the gate was fully open at 18 holes and the opening was approximately 40 cm, the contribution ratio of each corresponding reaction mechanism in water quality transformation was approximately same, and the dominance was relatively balanced, which could effectively suppress an increase in the nitrogen content and reduce the risk of nitrogen pollution.
Efficacy of Medical Legal Partnerships to Address Health Harming Legal Needs: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies in the Field
Authors: John Jemima , Murphy Thomas , Zientek Emily , Nguyen Thien-An , Liaw Winston , Burnett Catherine , Aitken Mary , Sharma Shreela
Published: June 2022

Objectives
Medical legal partnerships (MLPs) function by leveraging partnerships between legal and medical entities to holistically target the health harming legal needs (HHLNs) of vulnerable patients. Yet, despite their documented success, robust experimental-based research is still lacking on their efficacy. This review synthesizes the findings of MLP interventions and identifies gaps and opportunities for MLP expansion across vulnerable communities.
Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted across Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, Westlaw and LexisNexis databases between January 12th 2021 and April 25th, 2021. Articles were eligible if they used an experimental design, tested the effects of an MLP intervention on HHLNs, and had full text for review, with no restrictions on publication year, place, or population (adult or child). Two reviewers independently screened articles for inclusion in Rayyan QCRI- a systematic review tool and also independently assessed the quality (risk of bias) of each study.
Results
Our search yielded 1267 articles; six studies were ultimately eligible. Populations were largely racially-ethnic minorities, women, of lower socioeconomic status and with HHLNs including food and housing insecurity, unemployment, immigration, and education concerns. All studies’ MLPs demonstrated positive effects on primary endpoints including perceived stress, diabetes, immunization rates, and additional child health outcomes. Two experimental studies had low bias, while the four remaining studies (quasi-experimental) had moderate risk of bias.
Conclusion
Studies highlighted the promising ability of MLPs to address HHLNs. However, additional rigorous research in MLPs is needed to establish an evidence-based approach to addressing social needs and health outcomes.
A cross-sectional national investigation of COVID-19 outbreaks in nurseries during rapid spread of the Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant of SARS- CoV-2 in England
Authors: Aiano Felicity , McOwat Kelsey , Obi Chinelo , Powell Annabel A , Flood Jessica , Bhardwaj Shivraj , Stoker Kelly , Haskins Donna , Wong Brian , Bertran Marta , Zavala Maria , Bosowski Johanna , Jones Samuel , Amin-Chowdhury Zahin , Coughlan Laura , Sinnathamby Mary , Zaidi Asad , Merrick Rachel , Zhao Hongxin , Ismail Sharif , Ramsay Mary E , Ladhani Shamez N , Saliba Vanessa
Published: June 2022

Background
In England, the emergence the more transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variant Alpha (B.1.1.7) led to a third national lockdown from December 2020, including restricted attendance at schools. Nurseries, however, remained fully open. COVID-19 outbreaks (≥ 2 laboratory-confirmed cases within 14 days) in nurseries and assess the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and incidence rates in staff and children over a three-month period when community SARS-CoV-2 infections rates were high and the Alpha variant was spreading rapidly across England.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional national investigation of COVID-19 outbreaks in nurseries across England Nurseries reporting a COVID-19 outbreak to PHE between November 2020 and January 2021 were requested to complete a questionnaire about their outbreak.
Results
324 nurseries, comprising 1% (324/32,852) of nurseries in England, reported a COVID-19 outbreak. Of the 315 (97%) nurseries contacted, 173 (55%) reported 1,657 SARS-CoV-2 cases, including 510 (31%) children and 1,147 (69%) staff. A child was the index case in 45 outbreaks (26%) and staff in 125 (72%) outbreaks. Overall, children had an incidence rate of 3.50% (95%CI, 3.21–3.81%) and was similar irrespective of whether the index case was a child (3.55%; 95%CI, 3.01–4.19%) or staff (3.44%; 95%CI, 3.10–3.82%). Among staff, incidence rates were lower if the index case was a child (26.28%; 95%CI, 23.54–29.21%%) compared to a staff member (32.98%; 95%CI, 31.19–34.82%), with the highest incidence rate when the index case was also a staff member (37.52%; 95%CI, 35.39–39.70%). Compared to November 2020, outbreak sizes and incidence rates were higher in January 2021, when the Alpha variant predominated. Nationally, SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in < 5 year-olds remained low and followed trends in older age-groups, increasing during December 2020 and declining thereafter.
Conclusions
In this cross-sectional study of COVID-19 outbreaks in nurseries, one in three staff were affected compared to one in thirty children. There was some evidence of increased transmissibility and higher incidence rates associated with the Alpha variant
Deep-Cloud: A Deep Neural Network-Based Approach for RNA-seq Gene Expression Analysis
Authors: Ge Qinyu , Zhou Ying , Jia Erteng , Shi YHuajuan , Liu Zhiyu , Sheng Yuqi , Pan Min , Tu Jing , Lu Zuhong
Published: June 2022

Background
Presently, the field of differential expression analysis of RNA-seq data is still in its infancy with new approaches constantly being proposed. Combining deep neural networks to explore gene expression information in RNA-seq data provides a novel possibility in this field.
Results
This study focuses on the development of a deep neural network-based RNA-seq gene expression analysis model, named Deep-cloud. Its main advantage is not only the excellent construction of deep learning network models using convolutional neural network and long short-term memory to predict the gene expression of RNA-seq, but also the more in-depth analysis of the differential gene expression between disease and normal groups of transcriptome data by combining the statistical methods of cloud model.
Conclusion
Comparing the results of this data analysis with those obtained by traditional differential gene analysis software such as DESeq2 and edgeR, the Deep-cloud model further improves the sensitivity of obtaining differential expressed genes. Overall, the proposed Deep-cloud paves a new pathway for the biomedical field.
Assessment of psychosocial wellbeing of parents & Quality of Life (QoL) of children with 46, XY Differences of Sex Development (46, XY DSD) followed up in endocrine clinics at Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children (LRH), Colombo, Sri Lanka
Authors: Prematilake Dilusha Chaturani , Koralage Buddhika Mahesh Pasyodun , Atapattu Navoda , de Silva Varuni , de Silva Shamya
Published: June 2022

Objectives46, XY Differences of Sex Development imposes potential psychological trauma to parents and poor quality of life (QoL) of children. Primary objective of this study was to assess, psychosocial wellbeing of parents of children with 46, XY DSD and Quality of Life of children with 46, XY DSD aged more than 12 years. Secondary objective was to describe clinical profile of 46, XY DSD patients followed up in Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children.Results 28 (53%) mothers and 23 (45%) fathers had psychological-morbidity with GHQ-30. Patients’ age was negatively correlated with GHQ-scores of both parents (p<0.05). Median (IQR) psychosocial wellbeing scores for mother (44.0) and father (50.8) were positively correlated (p<0.001). Psychosocial wellbeing scores were negatively associated with age of child (p<0.01). Median (IQR) scores of PaedQL were 75.0 (60.8-78.3) and 73.3 (58.3-80.8) for parental and child components. Scores of parental components were negatively associated with age of child (p<0.01). Among school-aged children,17 children (65.4%) were not drinking water from school-sources, 15 (57.7%) did not use washrooms and 17(65.4%) did not participate in sports. 46, XY DSD associated with significant psycho-social morbidity in parents and psychological distress in children.
Persistence and Effectiveness of Atrazine Herbicide in Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Cultivation with Different Organic Ingredients in Doses
Authors: Sumekar Yayan , Widayat Dedi , Umiyati Uum , Fitri Alifhia
Published: June 2022

The presence of weeds in sweet corn is one of the obstacles that can reduce crop yields, this is due to competition in taking nutrients, light, growing space, and water. Weed control is mostly done by using the herbicide atrazine. Herbicide persistence in the soil is strongly influenced by the organic matter content in the soil. The research objectives were to obtain the highest yield of sweet corn with the application of the herbicide Atrazine, as well as to determine the persistence of the herbicide used at each prescribed application dose. The results showed that atrazine herbicide treatment starting at a dose of 1–2,6 kg a.i./ha had an effect on reducing total weed dry weight and corn cob weight. The application of organic matter can increase the rate of herbicide degradation in line with the increased activity of microorganisms in the soil.
Preclinical mouse studies of vector immunity and long-term responses to CORAVAX, a Rabies virus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Schnell Matthias , Yankowski Catherine , Wirblich Christoph , Kurup Drishya
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study is to further analyze the recombinant Rabies virus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, CORAVAX, as an effective COVID-19 vaccine strategy. CORAVAX has proven immunogenic and protective against SARS-CoV-2 in animal models. Here, we have screened adjuvants for the highest quality antibody titers, negated the concern of pre-existing Rabies-vector immunity, and established its potential as a long-term COVID-19 vaccine. We have tested TLR4 agonists, inflammasome activators, and Alum adjuvants in CORAVAX and found TLR4-activating MPLA-AddaVax to have the greatest potential. We followed the humoral immune response to CORAVAX in mice with pre-existing Rabies virus immunity and saw no significant differences compared to naïve mice. We then followed the immune response to CORAVAX over several months and 1 year post-immunization. Mice maintained high antigen-specific serum antibody titers as well as long-lived antibody-secreting cells in the spleen and bone marrow. We believe this Rabies-vector strategy combats the problem of waning immunity of other COVID-19 vaccines. These results together support CORAVAX’s potential during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Urinary exosomal hsa_circ_0001250 as a novel diagnostic biomarker of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.
Authors: Li Qianyu , Xu Mingzhu , Zhang Zhiping , Yin Min , Zhang Yucheng , liu feng
Published: June 2022

Aims
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a common cause of adult nephrotic syndrome. Currently, the diagnosis of IMN mainly depends on renal biopsy, which is invasive. What’s more, markers already known for the clinical diagnosis of IMN are not sensitive enough. The present study aims to investigate the profiling of urinary exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) of IMN, and to look for a potential biomarker for diagnosis of IMN.
Methods
Urine exosomes were collected from patients with IMN and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), as well as healthy controls (HCs) by ultracentrifuge. A pairwise comparison between 5 IMN and 5 HC was performed by high-throughput sequencing. Enrichment analysis were performed to explore the potential functions of differentially expressed circRNAs in IMN. Among three differentially expressed circRNAs which may be involved in signaling pathways of pathogenesis of IMN and matched conserved mouse circRNAs, hsa_circ_0001250 was selected as the target circRNA after quantitative polymerase chain reaction among 23 IMN, 19 INS and 23HC. Sanger sequencing and RNase R digestion assay were performed to validated the ring-structure and sequence of hsa_circ_0001250. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve correlation analysis was used to further validate the potential utility of hsa_circ_0001250 as a diagnostic biomarker of IMN. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed to reflect the relationship between hsa_circ_0001250 and its target miRNAs and mRNAs.
Results
766 up-regulated and 283 down-regulated circRNAs were identified in IMN patients. Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed signaling pathways of pathogenesis of IMN which the different expressed circRNAs may participate in. The ring-structure and the sequence of hsa_circ_0001250 were confirmed, the expression of hsa_circ_0001250 was validated significantly increased in IMN, relevant with high level of proteinuria. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network reflected that hsa_circ_0001250 may play a role in the pathogenesis of IMN by target hsa-miR-639 and hsa-miR-4449.
Conclusion
We revealed the expression and functional profile of differentially expressed urinary exosomal circRNAs of IMN patients. Urinary exosomal hsa_circ_0001250 was tested as a potential biomarker of IMN and a predicted circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed.
CLEC10A is a prognostic signature and associated with tumor microenvironment in breast cancer and experimental verification
Authors: FANG zhixin , WU Hong-yan , LIU Jia-qing , WU Hui , SHEN Wen-bin , WANG Hui-ying , XING Xue-kun
Published: June 2022

Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) is a high risk malignancy among women worldwide, finding valuable biomarkers for BRCA prevention and treatment has become a top priority.CLEC10A belongs to the C-type lectin domain family, plays the leading action in the initiation of immune response and is of great value in tumor targeted immunotherapy, but the prognostic importance and immunomodulatory mechanism of CLEC10A in BRCA have not been reported.Methods: Data from TCGA and GTEx and immunohistochemistry were recruited to check the differential expression of CLEC1OA1 in BRCA, as well as its clinicopathological features, prognostic value, protein network interaction and functional enrichment analysis, and immune infiltration analysis.Results: We confirmed that the decreasing expression of CLEC10A was linked with dismal prognosis in BRCA, and the expression of CLEC10A was positively related with the infiltration condition of important immune cells.Conclusions: These findings provide an important basis for CLEC10A as a latent immunotherapy target and prognostic judgement for BRCA.
Plasmonic biosensor for the study of blood diseases by analysis of hemoglobin concentration
Authors: Ilyes HABIA Mohamed , aissa manallah , khaled ayadi
Published: June 2022

Plasmonic materials and phenomena are widely studied and applied in multiple fields for an extended time. One among the foremost promising applications is within the engineering of biosensor devices, Diseases of the red blood cells are among the diseases of the blood. Anemia as an example is an abnormal reduction within the concentration of hemoglobin within the blood. When the amount of red blood cells decreases, so does the concentration of hemoglobin. The tissues and organs not receive sufficient oxygen to work normally. This numerical study will give a contribution or approach on the behavior of blood with surface plasmons resonance SPR by analyzing the performance of SPR with any changes in hemoglobin concentrations (refractive index) for the application of technique in the detection of blood diseases.
Threshold of Anthropogenic Sound Levels Within Protected Landscapes in Kerala, India for Avian Habitat Quality and Conservation
Authors: Rajan Sajeev C , M Vishnu , Mitra Ahalya , P Sooraj N , K Athira , M Somasekharan Pillai , R Jaishanker
Published: June 2022

Anthrophony is an important determinant of habitat quality in the Anthropocene. Acoustic adaptation of birds at lower levels of anthrophony is known. However, threshold anthrophony, beyond which biophony starts decreasing, is less explored. Here, we present empirical results of the relationship between anthrophony and biophony in four terrestrial soundscapes. The constancy of the model predicted threshold vector normalised anthropogenic power spectral density 0.40; at all the study sites is intriguing. The results pave the way to determine permissible sound levels in protected landscapes.
IL-10/STAT3 signalling pathway-mediated T-cell suppressors upregulation in severe HFMD with EV71 infection
Authors: Zhang Yaozhong , Peng Qi , Yuan Xu , Lin Zitian , Jiang Zaixue , Zhang Yinghong , Guo Xing , Lu Xiaomei , Zhong Baimao
Published: June 2022

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in many countries, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. The EV71 engages diverse strategies to escape immune responses during infections. Arg-1, iNOS and COX-2 are particular suppressors secreted by MDSCs to inactivate T cells, which have been considered to play a significant role in the immune escape of viruses or malignant tumours. However, whether EV71 escapes the immune response through T-cell suppressors remains unknown. We established an animal model of HFMD by EV71 infection in BALB/c mice. The expressions of cytokines IL-10 and Arg-1, iNOS and COX-2 were detected by ELISA and qRT-PCR. The phosphorylation of STAT3 was detected by western blot. The number of MDSCs in PBMCs was examined by flow cytometry. The number of MDSCs in HFMD mice was significantly higher than that in the control, which is in agreement with the upregulation of T-cell suppressors (Arg-1, iNOS and COX-2) secreted by MDSCs in the infection group. The percentage of the gMDSC subpopulation was significantly increased in severe HFMD mice. The serum level of IL-10 and p-STAT3 were upregulated significantly in the infected group whilst inhibition of IL-10 and STAT3 led to the reduction in the T-cell suppressors. Our results suggest that T-cell suppressors (Arg-1, iNOS and COX-2) upregulated in HFMD in response to EV71 infection is attributable to STAT3 signalling activation triggered by IL-10 induction. We speculate that it was caused by elevation of MDSCs to facilitate the immune escape of EV71 in severe HFMD.
Differential gene expression analysis of the whole blood transcriptome between young and old companion border collie dogs
Authors: Jónás Dávid , Tátrai Kitti , Egyed Balázs , Kubinyi Eniko
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAging is the most significant risk factor in many diseases and for mortality alike, and it is known to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Due to dogs’ importance in human societies, the study of aging in companion dogs is worthwhile in its own right. Still, dogs could also be ideal translational model animals for human aging research. In this study, our primary goal was to investigate the gene expression changes with age in whole blood samples of dogs. The advantage of using blood is its accessibility and known biomarkers for diseases.MethodsWe sequenced the poly(A)-tailed RNA fraction in the blood samples of five young and five old companion border collie dogs and implemented a differential gene expression analysis. We removed haemoglobin related reads in silico, following standard raw data quality control and alignment to the reference genome. Sample collection and preparation, sequencing and data analysis were implemented using standard laboratory methods and RNA-seq data analysis pipelines.ResultsThe estimated statistical power of the study was 98% according to an initial power analysis with a 10% false discovery rate and minimum fold change of 3. Raw sequence data quality was high with an 86% alignment rate to the CanFam 3.1 dog reference genome. Following in silico haemoglobin read removal, 23-74 million reads remained for the differential gene expression analysis. In contrast to our expectations, we could not differentiate age clusters in either a multidimensional scaling analysis or in a principal component analysis. We found only a limited number of differentially expressed genes (n=61) between young and old dogs’ blood transcriptome. The only significant gene ontology term was response to bacterium with a fold change of 8.62.ConclusionsIn contrast with the large number of differentially expressed genes in the prefrontal cortical brain region of dogs, we could identify only one blood biomarker for aging in blood. Confounding factors (e.g., diet) might have influenced our results. Future research could also use biological age instead of the animals’ chronological age.