bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in complication patterns in subgroups of type 2 diabetes according to insulin resistance and beta-cell function
Authors: Cho Yongin , Seo Seong Ha , Seo Da Hea , Ahn Seong Hee , Hong Seongbin , Huh Byung Wook , Lee Yong-ho , Park Seok Won , Suh Young Ju , Kim So Hun
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to determine whether the patterns of diabetic complications differed when patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were simply classified according to insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function. This observational study included 8861 patients with T2DM who underwent concurrent testing for fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and one or more diabetic complications. We categorized the patients into four groups according to insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function. Compared with the reference group (mild insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction), the “severe beta-cell dysfunction” group had lower odds of chronic kidney disease [adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 0.611]. The “severe insulin resistance” group had higher odds of carotid artery plaque presence (aOR 1.238). The “severe insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction” group had significantly higher odds of large fiber neuropathy (aOR 1.397, all p < 0.05). After a median of five years of follow-up, this group distinction did not lead to a difference in risk of new diabetic retinopathy or chronic kidney disease. In addition, there was no significant difference among the groups in plaque progression risk over 8–10 years in the longitudinal follow-up analysis. The patterns of complications differ when patients with T2DM are classified according to insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. However, there were no differences in the risk of developing new complications.
Determination of pholcodine alone or in combination with ephedrine in human plasma using fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Elmansi Heba , Belal Fathalla , Magdy Galal
Published: June 2022

In this study, sensitive, facile, and cost-effective spectrofluorimetric approaches were developed for the determination of pholcodine and ephedrine. Method I is a novel spectrofluorimetric method depending on measuring the native fluorescence of pholcodine at 337 nm after excitation at 284 nm over a concentration range of 0.01–2.4 μg/mL. The method sensitivity reached quantitation and detection limits down to 10.0 and 5.0 ng/mL, respectively. Method II relied on the simultaneous estimation of pholcodine and ephedrine using synchronous fluorimetry for the first time. The cited drugs were measured concurrently at 286 and 304 nm for pholcodine and ephedrine, respectively at Δλ of 40 nm without interference. Excellent linear relationship between concentration and response was obtained over the ranges of 0.05–6.0 μg/mL and 0.02–1.0 μg/mL for pholcodine and ephedrine, respectively. The method showed distinct sensitivity and exhibited quantitation limits of 20.0 and 10.0 ng/mL and detection limits of 10.0 and 5.0 ng/mL, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the syrup dosage form. The two developed approaches were also applied to in-vitro plasma samples, showing good bioanalytical applicability and providing further insights for monitoring drug abuse. The proposed methods were validated according to ICHQ2(R1) guidelines. The proposed methodologies' greenness profiles were evaluated using two greenness assessment tools.
Genomic insights of high-risk clones of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from community infections and commercial meat in southern Brazil
Authors: Soncini João Gabriel Material , Cerdeira Louise , Sano Elder , Koga Vanessa Lumi , Tizura Ariane Tiemy , Tano Zuleica Naomi , Nakazato Gerson , Kobayashi Renata Katsuko Takayama , Aires Caio Augusto Martins , Lincopan Nilton , Vespero Eliana Carolina
Published: June 2022

During a microbiological and genomic surveillance study conducted to investigate the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli from community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) and commercial meat samples, in a Brazilian city with a high occurrence of infections by ESBL-producing bacteria, we have identified the presence of CTX-M (-2, -14, -15, -24, -27 and -55)-producing E. coli of international clones ST38, ST117, ST131 and ST354. The ST131 was more prevalent in human samples, and worryingly the high-risk ST131-C1-M27 was identified in human infections for the first time. We also detected CTX-M-55-producing E. coli ST117 from meat samples (i.e., chicken and pork) and human infections. Moreover, the clinically relevant CTX-M-24-positive E. coli ST354 clone was detected for the first time in human samples. In summary, our results highlight a potential of commercialized meat as a reservoir of high-priority E. coli lineages in the community, whereas the identification of E. coli ST131-C1-M27 indicates that novel pandemic clones have emerged in Brazil, constituting a public health issue.
Spatial–temporal distribution of total organic carbon and its transportation in the Jiulong River Estuary
Authors: Wang Cui , Ding Yi , Guo Zhouhua , Lin Hui , Wu Junwen
Published: June 2022

Spatial and temporal distributions of total organic carbon (TOC) in the Jiulong River Estuary (JRE) were determined using data collected during three cruises in summer 2010, autumn 2010, and spring 2011. The TOC concentration influencing factors were identified, and the export fluxes were calculated. TOC concentration ranges were 0.73–4.17 mg/L in summer, 0.90–5.32 mg/L in autumn, and 1.78–8.03 mg/L in spring, respectively. TOC concentrations of the surface water and nearshore area were higher than those of the bottom water and offshore area, respectively, and the maximum TOC content occurred in the JRE upper reaches. The TOC concentration decreased with increasing salinity and exhibited a significant positive correlation with petroleum and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), indicating the influence of terrestrial input. A weak relationship between TOC and chlorophyll-a indicated that phytoplankton was not the dominant source of TOC. TOC fluxes discharged into the JRE were 50.39 × 103 t/a in 2010 and 46.08 × 103 t/a in 2011, and those transported into the sea were 38.46 × 103 t/a in 2010 and 33.66 × 103 t/a in 2011, respectively, accounting for approximately 75% of the total estuary fluxes. This study elucidates the biogeochemical processes of estuarine organic carbon and provides a quantitative basis for the land–sea integration of carbon dioxide emission reduction and sink increase projects.
An analysis of the dynamic spatial spread of COVID-19 across South Korea
Authors: Kang Dayun , Choi Jungsoon , Kim Yeonju , Kwon Donghyok
Published: June 2022

The first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in South Korea was confirmed on January 20, 2020, approximately three weeks after the report of the first COVID-19 case in Wuhan, China. By September 15, 2021, the number of cases in South Korea had increased to 277,989. Thus, it is important to better understand geographical transmission and design effective local-level pandemic plans across the country over the long term. We conducted a spatiotemporal analysis of weekly COVID-19 cases in South Korea from February 1, 2020, to May 30, 2021, in each administrative region. For the spatial domain, we first covered the entire country and then focused on metropolitan areas, including Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Incheon. Moran’s I and spatial scan statistics were used for spatial analysis. The temporal variation and dynamics of COVID-19 cases were investigated with various statistical visualization methods. We found time-varying clusters of COVID-19 in South Korea using a range of statistical methods. In the early stage, the spatial hotspots were focused in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do. Then, metropolitan areas were detected as hotspots in December 2020. In our study, we conducted a time-varying spatial analysis of COVID-19 across the entirety of South Korea over a long-term period and found a powerful approach to demonstrating the current dynamics of spatial clustering and understanding the dynamic effects of policies on COVID-19 across South Korea. Additionally, the proposed spatiotemporal methods are very useful for understanding the spatial dynamics of COVID-19 in South Korea.
Application of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated Waterlase-assisted photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oral leukoplakia
Authors: Ou Jiali , Gao Yijun , Li Huan , Ling Tianyou , Xie Xiaoyan
Published: June 2022

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative microinvasive approach with satisfying results in the treatment of oral leukoplakia (OL). PDT combined with laser irradiation shows promise, safety and efficacy in treating OL. The efficacy of waterlase (YSGG) combined with PDT was studied by brush and tissue biopsy. Seventy-one patients with histologically diagnosed OL were enrolled, including patients with mild to moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia and various dysplastic tissues. Patients were evaluated at baseline (t0), the end of treatment (t1) and 1 year later (t2). At t1, PDT showed a significant therapeutic effect on OL with mild to moderate dysplasia. Clinical and histological examinations revealed 60 cases (84.51%) of complete remission and 11 cases (15.49%) of partial remission. On brush biopsy, all PDT-treated patients showed reduced aneuploidy and normal histological findings. Unfortunately, at t2, 9 patients relapsed with OL, which may be related to continued smoking and betel nut chewing. At t2, 5 patients developed new severe epithelial dysplasia and even carcinoma in situ in other areas, mostly the tongue. ALA-mediated PDT combined with YSGG is effective in treating OL, particularly that with mild to moderate dysplasia. However, severe dysplasia may present undesirable effects, and the mechanism remains to be further investigated. ALA-mediated PDT combined with YSGG provides a new method for OL treatment.
A cocktail of human monoclonal antibodies broadly neutralizes North American rabies virus variants as a promising candidate for rabies post-exposure prophylaxis
Authors: Ejemel Monir , Smith Todd G. , Greenberg Lauren , Carson William C. , Lowe David , Yang Yong , Jackson Felix R. , Morgan Clint N. , Martin Brock E. , Kling Chantal , Hutson Christina L. , Gallardo-Romero Nadia , Ellison James A. , Moore Susan , Buzby Adam , Sullivan-Bolyai John , Klempner Mark , Wang Yang
Published: June 2022

Human rabies remains a globally significant public health problem. Replacement of polyclonal anti-rabies immunoglobulin (RIG), a passive component of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), with a monoclonal antibody (MAb), would eliminate the cost and availability constraints associated with RIG. Our team has developed and licensed a human monoclonal antibody RAB1 (Rabishield©), as the replacement for RIG where canine rabies is enzootic. However, for the highly diverse rabies viruses of North America, a cocktail containing two or more MAbs targeting different antigenic sites of the rabies glycoprotein should be included to ensure neutralization of all variants of the virus. In this study, two MAb cocktails, R172 (RAB1-RAB2) and R173 (RAB1-CR57), were identified and evaluated against a broad range of rabies variants from North America. R173 was found to be the most potent cocktail, as it neutralized all the tested North American RABV isolates and demonstrated broad coverage of isolates from both terrestrial and bat species. R173 could be a promising candidate as an alternative or replacement for RIG PEP in North America.
An approach to cellular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 through protein–protein interaction and enrichment analysis
Authors: Ortega-Bernal Daniel , Zarate Selene , Martinez-Cárdenas Maria de los Ángeles , Bojalil Rafael
Published: June 2022

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a primarily pulmonary disease that can affect several organs, directly or indirectly. To date, there are many questions about the different pathological mechanisms. Here, we generate an approach to identify the cellular-level tropism of SARS-CoV-2 using human proteomics, virus-host interactions, and enrichment analysis. Through a network-based approach, the molecular context was visualized and analyzed. This procedure was also performed for SARS-CoV-1. We obtained proteomes and interactomes from 145 different cells corresponding to 57 different tissues. We discarded the cells without the proteins known for interacting with the virus, such as ACE2 or TMPRSS2. Of the remaining cells, a gradient of susceptibility to infection was observed. In addition, we identified proteins associated with the coagulation cascade that can be directly or indirectly affected by viral proteins. As a whole we identified 55 cells that could be potentially controlled by the virus, with different susceptibilities, mainly being pneumocytes, heart, kidney, liver, or small intestine cells. These results help to explain the molecular context and provide elements for possible treatments in the current situation. This strategy may be useful for other viruses, especially those with limited reported PPI, such as a new virus.
NiIINPs entrapped within a matrix ofl-glutamic acid cross-linked chitosan supported on magnetic carboxylic acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube: a new and efficient multi-task catalytic system for the green one-pot synthesis of diverse heterocyclic frameworks
Authors: Hasanpour Galehban Morteza , Zeynizadeh Behzad , Mousavi Hossein
Published: June 2022

In this research work, an Fe3O4/f-MWCNT-CS-Glu/NiIIhybrid nanocomposite was synthesized, characterized, and used as a new and efficient multi-task catalytic system for the green one-pot synthesis of diverse heterocyclic frameworks.
Mild phototherapy mediated by manganese dioxide-loaded mesoporous polydopamine enhances immunotherapy against colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Caiying , Li Tan , Niu Kexin , Xiao Zecong , Huang Jing , Pan Ximin , Sun Yi , Wang Yongchen , Ma Decai , Xie Peiyi , Shuai Xintao , Meng Xiaochun
Published: June 2022

The application of MnO2@MPDA-PEG NPs for reshaping the tumor microenvironment under mild PTT inhibits tumor growth.
Two highly crystalline coordination polymers with two-dimensional PbS networks for photocatalytic synthesis of imines
Authors: Li Yang , Cheng Xiuyan , Li Ze , Jin Yigang , Sun Yimeng , Zou Ye , Liu Liyao , Duan Ran , Zhang Jianling , Xu Wei
Published: June 2022

Two highly crystalline coordination polymers, namely, Pb–HBT and Pb–BDT, were synthesized, and their crystal structures were solved. As photocatalysts, they exhibit high activities for the oxidation reactions of amines to imines under mild conditions.
Heterostructured ZnCo2O4–CoOOH nanosheets on Ni foam for a high performance bifunctional alkaline water splitting catalyst
Authors: Wang Congli , Jiu Hongfang , Zhang Lixin , Song Wei , Zhang Yufang , Wei Hao , Xu Qianwen , Qin Yaqi , Che Sicong , Guo Zhixin
Published: June 2022

The ZnCo2O4–CoOOH/Ni heterostructure exhibits excellent catalytic activity for HER, OER, and overall water splitting.
Triboelectric-nanogenerator-enabled mechanical modulation for infrared wireless communications
Authors: Wang Zihan , Jin Yuchao , Lu Chengyue , Wang Jiyu , Song Ziwu , Yang Xu , Cao Yidan , Zi Yunlong , Wang Zhong Lin , Ding Wenbo
Published: June 2022

A self-powered and self-modulated infrared wireless communications system is developed via integrating a triboelectric nanogenerator and mechanical modulation protocols.
Sustainable water generation: grand challenges in continuous atmospheric water harvesting
Authors: Poredoš Primož , Shan He , Wang Chenxi , Deng Fangfang , Wang Ruzhu
Published: June 2022

This perspective provides possible development paths for future advancement of continuously operated sorption and radiative sky cooling atmospheric water harvesting on material and system levels.
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside reduces nanopolystyrene-induced toxicity and accumulation: roles of mitochondrial energy metabolism and cellular efflux
Authors: Chen Wen , Ye Xiang , Tang Qiong , Yu Ting , Tu Pengcheng , Zheng Xiaodong
Published: June 2022

C3G reduces polystyrene nanoplastic toxicity to different models, by which C3G-mediated energy metabolism improved the activity of ABC transporters and cellular efflux of polystyrene.
Structure and transport of polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) micelles incorporating uranyl carbonate: a model for NOM–U(vi) colloids
Authors: Shi Xinpeng , Tian Qiang , Henderson Mark Julian , Li Na , Zhang Jianqiao , Dai Xuezhi , Royal Guy , Yan Minhao , Almásy László
Published: June 2022

A block-copolymer (PS-b-PAA) micelle was demonstrated to be a suitable model particle to predict the migration of pseudo-colloids of natural organic matter (NOM) and uranyl carbonate (UC) in aqueous solutions.
Bioavailability and biotransformation of linolenic acid from basil seed oil as a novel source of omega-3 fatty acids tested on a rat experimental model
Authors: Martínez Rosario , Mesas Cristina , Guzmán Ana , Galisteo Milagros , López-Jurado María , Prados José , Melguizo Consolación , Bermúdez Francisco , Porres Jesus M.
Published: June 2022

Basil seed oil is a good source of α-linolenic acid that did not induce adverse effects in vivo, exhibiting high bioaccessibility, increased ALA, and decreased content of pro-inflammatory precursor arachidonic acid in plasma, liver and erythrocytes.
Glucosamine alleviates zearalenone-induced damage to porcine trophectoderm cells by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Bai Jun , Li Jun , Liu Ning , Jia Hai , Si Xuemeng , Zhou Yusong , Zhai Zhian , Yang Ying , Ren Fazheng , Wu Zhenlong
Published: June 2022

Glucosamine (GlcN) alleviates the toxicity of zearalenone-induced damage in pTr cells by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Protective effects of apple polyphenols on bone loss in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity
Authors: Meng Xiangyuan , Wang Xiaowen , Han Yaling , He Xin , Zhao Pengtu , Zhang Junwei , Sun Yueyang , Chen Lei , Gao Tianlin , Li Duo
Published: June 2022

Schematic illustration of the protective effect of apple polyphenols on bone loss in obese mice induced by a high-fat-diet.
Recent progress in strain-engineered elastic platforms for stretchable thin-film devices
Authors: Cho Hyeon , Lee Byeongmoon , Jang Dongju , Yoon Jinsu , Chung Seungjun , Hong Yongtaek
Published: June 2022

Recent developments in enabling technologies for strain-engineered elastic platforms are highlighted, which can be utilised for realising further reliable stretchable thin-film electronics.
Grafting density and antifouling properties of poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] brushes prepared by “grafting to” and “grafting from”
Authors: Wang Yu-Min , Kálosi Anna , Halahovets Yuriy , Romanenko Iryna , Slabý Jiří , Homola Jiří , Svoboda Jan , de los Santos Pereira Andres , Pop-Georgievski Ognen
Published: June 2022

Poly(HPMA) brushes prepared by a grafting-from method suppress fouling from blood plasma by an order of magnitude better than the polymer brushes of the same molecular weight prepared by a grafting-to method.
Cyanamide-defect-induced built-in electric field in crystalline carbon nitride for enhanced visible to near-infrared light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Zhu Jinyu , Zhang Guoqiang , Xu Yangsen , Huang Wei , He Chuanxin , Zhang Peixin , Mi Hongwei
Published: June 2022

Carbon nitride materials have achieved great accomplishments in solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion under visible light.
Rh(iii)-Catalyzed C–C coupling of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds with iodonium ylides for accessing all-carbon quaternary centers
Authors: Xie Pengfei , Gao Huixing , Li Xingwei , Jiang Yuqin , Liu Bingxian
Published: June 2022

Rhodium-catalyzed inert C(sp3)–H activation/carbene insertion has been realized, leading to the construction of all-carbon quaternary centers.
Noble classical and quantum approach to model the optical properties of metallic nanoparticles to enhance the sensitivity of optoplasmonic sensors
Authors: Kumela Alemayehu Getahun , Gemta Abebe Belay , Desta Tamirat Abebe , Kebede Alemu
Published: June 2022

We report a metallic nanoparticle-based surface plasmonic polariton using quantum and classical models.
Investigation of the structural, electrical, and dielectric properties of La0.5Sm0.2Sr0.3Mn1−xCrxO3 for electrical application
Authors: Abdouli Khouloud , Hassini F. , Cherif W. , Prezas P. R. , Graça M. P. F. , Valent M. A. , Messaoudi O. , Elgharbi S. , Dhahri Ahmed , Manai L.
Published: June 2022

In the present research, polycrystalline samples of La0.5Sm0.2Sr0.3Mn1−xCrxO3 are prepared using the self-combustion method.
As(iii) removal through catalytic oxidation and Fe(iii) precipitation
Authors: Oshima Kazumasa , Kondo Hiromichi , Konishi Eriko , Yamamoto Tsuyoshi , Tsuge Yoshifumi , Watanabe Takayuki , Kishida Masahiro
Published: June 2022

A Pt/SiO2 catalyst promoted an oxidative reaction of arsenite to arsenate with air, and it also functioned as a nucleation site of its precipitate with iron precipitant, achieving high removal efficiency from water.
Supramolecular structures of self-assembled oligomers under confinement
Authors: Paturej Jarosław , Koperwas Kajetan , Tarnacka Magdalena , Jurkiewicz Karolina , Maksym Paulina , Grelska Joanna , Paluch Marian , Kamiński Kamil
Published: June 2022

We study the molecular origin of a prepeak (PP) observed at low q values in the structure factors of three oligomers in a bulk to understand the lowering of the PP intensity detected for oligomers highly confined in cylindrical pores.
A tunable liquid metal electronic oscillator as a DC–AC converter
Authors: Li Dong-Dong , Wang Qian , Liu Jing
Published: June 2022

A liquid metal electronic oscillator with DC–AC conversion capability is presented. Using a resonant droplet as the basic working unit, the electronic oscillator can generate a square wave of different frequencies and duty cycles.
Atomic layer deposition fabricated core–shell nanostructures for enhanced polyetherimide composite dielectrics
Authors: Wu Xudong , Song Guanghui , Zhang Wangle , Feng Hao , Liu Yichen , Huang Enling , Lin Xiaotian , Yang Yixin , Tan Daniel Q.
Published: June 2022

The atomic layer deposition technique is utilized to fabricate core–shell nanostructures for enhancing the energy-storage density of advanced polymer composites dielectrics.
Transport tuning strategies in MOF film synthesis – a perspective
Authors: Zulkifli Muhammad Yazid Bin , Lin Rijia , Chai Milton , Chen Vicki , Hou Jingwei
Published: June 2022

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), sometimes also known as coordination polymers, are a very versatile group of materials consisting of metal nodes and organic linkers forming a tunable porous structure that can exist in different structural phases.
Eu2+ doped halide perovskite KCaCl3 with high-efficiency blue emission and scintillation application
Authors: Lyu Kuangnan , Song Enhai , Xia Zhiguo
Published: June 2022

Eu2+ doped KCaCl3 shows high-efficiency blue emission and has high radiation luminescence intensity for scintillation application.
Biochemical Society 2023 award winners
Authors: Ollett Lucy
Published: June 2022

The work and contribution of 12 bioscientists and early career researchers has been honoured in the Biochemical Society’s Awards 2023. Each recipient has been recognized for excellence in their field, ranging from RNA-binding proteins and centrosome assembly to molecular medicine and anti-cancer drugs, as well as the profound impact their research has had on the scientific community and wider society.
Oncofetal proteins and cancer stem cells
Authors: Yan Qian , Fang Xiaona , Li Chenxi , Lan Ping , Guan Xinyuan
Published: June 2022

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered as a small population of cells with stem-like properties within the tumor bulk, and are largely responsible for tumor recurrence, metastasis, and therapy resistance. CSCs share critical features with embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The pluripotent transcription factors (TFs) and developmental signaling pathways of ESCs are invariably hijacked by CSCs termed ‘oncofetal drivers’ in many cancers, which are rarely detectable in adult tissues. The unique expression pattern makes oncofetal proteins ideal therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. Therefore, elucidation of oncofetal drivers in cancers is critical for the development of effective CSCs-directed therapy. In this review, we summarize the common pluripotent TFs such as OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, MYC, SALL4, and FOXM1, as well as the development signaling including Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog (Hh), Hippo, Notch, and TGF-β pathways of ESCs and CSCs. We also describe the newly identified oncofetal proteins that drive the self-renewal, plasticity, and therapy-resistance of CSCs. Finally, we explore how the clinical implementation of targeting oncofetal drivers, including small-molecule inhibitors, vaccines, antibodies, and CAR-T (chimeric antigen receptor T cell) can facilitate the development of CSCs-directed therapy.
Conceptualizations of the Articulation of Rhotic Sounds in American English and the Role of Clinical Experience in Their Formation
Authors: Diekhoff Megan R. , Lulich Steven M.
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

This study investigates how speech-language pathology student clinicians describe rhotic articulation in comparison with their actual productions as determined by ultrasound recordings. Observations about how student-clinician descriptions and cueing preferences differ in comparison with those of clinical educators are explored.

Method:

Fifteen student clinicians (seven with experience teaching /ɹ/) and seven clinical educators from Indiana University participated in the study. Data were collected from student clinicians in two separate interviews and one ultrasound recording session. Clinical educators participated in a single interview without ultrasound recordings. Verbal descriptions, drawings, and ultrasound recordings of tongue shapes were analyzed following grounded theory and coded as “bunched” or “retroflex.” Following data analysis, two focus groups of four clinicians were held to ensure the quality of interpreted data.

Results:

In comparison with student clinicians with experience teaching /ɹ/, student clinicians without experience teaching /ɹ/ gave self-descriptions of rhotic productions that were often inconsistent and did not always match the ultrasound data of their speech. Clinical educators placed greater emphasis on tongue grooving than did student clinicians. Experience across groups did not predict whether a clinician would prefer to cue a particular tongue shape to a client, but the rationale behind individual preferences was explored.

Conclusions:

Results indicate that student clinicians may not be able to rely on self-perception of articulation alone to inform their understanding of rhotic production. Student clinicians may benefit from direct instruction about a continuum of rhotic tongue shapes and enhanced knowledge of tongue grooving prior to selecting cues to use in therapy.
A cloud Bayesian network approach to situation assessment of scouting underwater targets with fixed‐wing patrol aircraft
Authors: Sun Yongqin , Ma Peibei , Dai Jinjin , Li Dongxin
Published: June 2022

The battlefield situation changes rapidly because underwater targets' are concealment and the sea environment is uncertain. So, a great number of situation information greatly increase, which need to be dealt with in the course of scouting underwater targets. Situation assessment in sea battlefield with a lot of uncertain information is studied, and a new situation assessment method of scouting underwater targets with fixed‐wing patrol aircraft is proposed based on the cloud Bayesian network, which overcomes the deficiency of the single cloud model in reasoning ability and the defect of Bayesian network in knowledge representation. Moreover, in the method, the cloud model knowledge deal with the input data of Bayesian network reasoning, and the advantages in knowledge representation of cloud theory and reasoning of Bayesian network are applied; also, the fuzziness and stochasticity of cloud theory in knowledge expression, the reasoning ability of Bayesian network, are combined. Then, the situation assessment model of scouting underwater targets with fixed‐wing patrol aircraft is established. Hence, the directed acyclic graph of Bayesian network structure is constructed and the assessment index is determined. Next, the cloud model is used to deal with Bayesian network, and the discrete Bayesian network is obtained. Moreover, after CPT of each node and the transformation between certainty degree and probability are accomplished; the final situation level is obtained through a probability synthesis formula. Therefore, the target type and the operational intention of the other side are deduced to form the battlefield situation. Finally, simulations are carried out, and the rationality and validity of the proposed method are testified by simulation results. By this method, the battlefield situation can be gained. And this method has a wider application range, especially for large sample data processing, and it has better practicability.
Resilience, criticality and operating limits of a MALT 30 kV 4‐wire electrical distribution network without conformity of the medium voltage neutral
Authors: Barboura Mohamed , Bouras Adam
Published: June 2022

The present article highlights the atypical power grid resilience of the northernmost point of the African countries against repeated acts of vandalism on its MV distribution lines. To counter this threat, the present article reports a comparison between a 3‐wire and 4‐wire MV power grid in the event of a single‐phase or three‐phase short‐circuits. The evolution of the voltage of the healthy phases during a single‐phase fault and the impact on the power supply signal are mathematically studied. The study shows that an adequate resizing of the protection devices is sufficient to operate the MALT system in complete safety without its neutral wire. Thus, by allowing saving copper wire, this finding is actually a turning point in the implementation of the malt system. To better contextualize this result, which was actually initicated by an unpleasant experience, the article begins with a historical assessment of the 30 kV 4‐wire MALT electrical distribution systems and a technical calibration of its specificities in relation to the two conventional practices of standard IEC 60038.
Robust fast PMU measurement recovery enhanced by randomized singular value and sequential Tucker decomposition
Authors: Pei Jianhua , Wang Ziyu , Wang Jingyu , Shi Dongyuan
Published: June 2022

The development of cyber‐physical power systems raises concerns about the data quality issue of phasor measurement units (PMUs). Low signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) and data losses caused by malicious electromagnetic interference, false data injections, and equipment malfunctioning may jeopardize the data integrity and availability necessary for power system monitoring, protection, and control. To ensure grid resiliency, this paper proposes a robust fast PMU measurement recovery (RFMR) algorithm based on improved singular spectrum analysis (SSA) of Hankel structures. It utilizes single or multiple channels of PMU time‐series to restore the problematic phasor measurements with low‐SNR noises and data losses. Additionally, the traditional singular value decomposition (SVD) and Tucker decomposition (TD) in RFMR are replaced by randomized SVD (RSVD) and sequential TD (STD) to reduce the computational complexity in single‐channel and multi‐channel RFMR, respectively. Numerical case studies demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can recover the noise‐contaminated measurements with higher accuracy than existing methods, such as matrix/tensor decomposition approaches and robust principal component analysis (RPCA), and effectively complement the missing data with the observed measurements corrupted by low SNRs. Moreover, the latency margins of various power system synchrophasor application scenarios can be satisfied with the reduced computational complexity.
11 Level boost inverter topology with dual‐source configuration
Authors: Siddique Marif Daula , Wasiq Mohammad , Iqbal Atif , Mekhilef Saad , Wahyudie Addy , Rawa Muhyaddin
Published: June 2022

With the advancement of the application of power converters in the power industry, the research towards the prominent power converter namely multilevel inverter has gained a lot of attraction. Here, a dual‐source configured 11 level inverter topology is being discussed, which uses nine power semiconductor devices and one capacitor. The proposed topology is able to charge the capacitor up to 2Vdc which provides the boosting feature with the voltage gain of 1.67. An extended comparison with several other topologies has been provided which highlights the major contribution of the work. A low‐power laboratory prototype has been used for the validation of the proposed 11 level topology. Further, a thorough assessment of comparable topologies has been conferred in detail.
Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser, …
Authors: Schmidt Karlheinz , Eggersdorfer Manfred
Published: June 2022

das vorliegende Heft der „Ernährung & Medizin“ ist
ganz auf das Thema „Hundert Jahre Vitamin E“ ausgerichtet.
100 Jahre Vitamin-E-Forschung: Status, Ausblick und
zukünftige Entwicklungen
Authors: Wallert Maria , Eggersdorfer Manfred
Published: June 2022

Neue Ansätze zur Rolle von Vitamin E in verschiedenen Bereichen der
menschlichen Gesundheit werden in verschiedenen Arbeitsgruppen untersucht und
versprechen neue Anwendungen in der gesundheitlichen Unterstützung von
Risikogruppen. Nach 100 Jahren Forschung zu und über Vitamin E
eröffnen neue Technologien und Studien auch für die Zukunft
vielversprechende zusätzliche Funktionen und
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in der Risikoprävention.
Neue Ansätze zur Früherkennung von Vorhofflimmern
Authors: Ohlrogge Amelie H. , Goette Andreas , Schotten Uli , Schnabel Renate B.
Published: June 2022

Vorhofflimmern (VHF) ist mit dem Auftreten von ischämischen Schlaganfällen assoziiert. Orale Antikoagulation kann das Auftreten von Schlaganfällen verhindern. Das Screening auf ein bislang nicht entdecktes VHF erscheint daher ein vielversprechender Ansatz, um das Auftreten von Schlaganfällen zu verhindern. Neben zahlreichen anderen wissenschaftlichen Studien liegen seit August 2021 die Ergebnisse von 2 Studien mit klinischen Endpunkten vor, die STROKESTOP- und die LOOP-Studie. Weitere wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zu dieser Fragestellung befinden sich in der Durchführung.
Konsumutensilienvergabe in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer Befragung
von Einrichtungen der Drogenhilfe und Suchttherapie zur Ausgabe von Utensilien
zum sicheren Drogenkonsum 2018
Authors: Zimmermann Ruth , Krings Amrei , Schneider Franziska , Schäffer Dirk , Neumeier Esther
Published: June 2022

Ziel der Studie Deutschland hat sich dem globalen Public Health-Ziel der
Virushepatitis-Eliminierung bis 2030 verschrieben. Maßnahmen der
Schadensminimierung bei Drogengebrauchenden sind ein zentraler Baustein, um die
Übertragung von HIV, Hepatitis B und C zu verringern. Es fehlte ein
aktueller Überblick für Deutschland über Anzahl und
Verteilung Konsumutensilien-ausgebender Einrichtungen, sowie welche und wie
viele Konsumutensilien jährlich ausgegeben werden. Beide Fragen sollten
mit dem Projekt für 2018 beantwortet werden. Außerdem sollte
geschätzt werden, ob die Zielvorgaben der WHO bis 2020 von
jährlich 200 ausgegebenen Spritzen/Nadeln je Person erreicht
werden.

Methodik Konsumutensilien-ausgebende Einrichtungen wurden mittels der
Datenbank der Deutschen Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen, online
verfügbarer Auflistungen von Spritzenautomaten und
Drogenkonsumräumen sowie durch Projektpartner identifiziert. Ausgebende
Einrichtungen beantworteten einen Fragebogen zur Art und Anzahl der ausgegebenen
Utensilien, Anzahl der versorgten Personen und Budget. Die Anzahl ausgegebener
Konsumutensilien und versorgter Personen wurden deskriptiv analysiert. Die
mittlere Anzahl in 2018 ausgegebener Spritzen/Nadeln pro
OpioidkonsumentIn wurde je Bundesland ermittelt.

Ergebnisse Es wurden 2.158 potenziell ausgebende Einrichtungen
recherchiert, von denen 475 (22%) antworteten und die Ausgabe von
Konsumutensilien bestätigten. Diese entfielen auf 280
Träger/Einrichtungen, von denen 155 (55%) den Fragebogen
zur Art und Anzahl ausgegebener Utensilien beantworteten. Die geographische
Abdeckung war sehr heterogen. Im Durchschnitt wurden 2018 119 Spritzen und 156
Nadeln pro Person ausgegeben. Jeweils 17 bzw. 19 der kreisfreien Städte
oder Landkreise mit Angaben erreichten das WHO-Ziel für 2020 von 200
ausgegebenen Spritzen/Nadeln pro Person. Niedrigschwellige Einrichtungen
und Drogenkonsumräume spielen eine Schlüsselrolle bei der
Konsumutensilien-Vergabe. Mehr als ein Drittel der Einrichtungen gaben an, dass
das Budget für eine bedarfsgerechte Versorgung nicht ausgereicht
habe.

Schlussfolgerung Die erhobenen Daten können als erstmalige
Orientierung für die bundesweite Versorgungslage dienen. Nur in wenigen
Gebieten wurde 2018 das für 2020 gesetzte Ziel der WHO von 200
ausgegebenen Spritzen/Nadeln pro Person erreicht. Eine Steigerung der
Konsumutensilienausgabe und Versorgung auch in strukturschwachen Regionen ist zu
empfehlen, um die Ziele der Hepatitis-Eliminierungsstrategie nicht zu
gefährden. Eine neue Erhebungswelle ist für 2022 geplant.
Injektionstechniken am ISG bei axialer Spondylarthritis als Ergänzung zur manuellen Therapie
Authors: Schneider Markus
Published: June 2022

Im vorliegenden Artikel soll die Entwicklung, Technik und Indikation verschiedener Injektionsmethoden am ISG intra- und extraartikulär aufgezeigt werden. Auf verschiedene Techniken und Zielorte sowie auf die aktuelle Literatur wird eingegangen unter Berücksichtigung der Diagnose einer Spondarthropathie. Beziehungen zur manuellen Therapie werden aufgezeigt.
Lust auf Lust – Frauen und Sexualität
Authors: Martin Beate
Published: June 2022

In ihrer Arbeit als Sexualberaterin und Sexualpädagogin stellt die Autorin seit 40 Jahren keine grundlegenden Veränderungen fest. Noch immer stehen Mädchen* und Frauen* vor der Herausforderung, ihren Körper kennen und lieben zu lernen und ihre sexuellen Wünsche zu erkennen und auszudrücken. In der heutigen Mediengesellschaft ist das teils leichter, teils aber auch schwieriger geworden. Mut braucht es seit eh und je – und auch ein Verständnis dafür, dass das Sexuelle politisch ist.
Selbstbefriedigung wertschätzen!
Authors: Schönherr Marcus
Published: June 2022

In seiner Arbeit als Paartherapeut mit meist heterosexuellen Paaren unterschiedlicher Altersgruppen wird der Autor immer wieder mit sexuellen Problemen konfrontiert. Oft geht es dabei um die geringere Lust oder Unlust der einen Seite und den damit verbundenen Frust auf der anderen Seite. Um nicht in einer unglücklichen Dynamik von Erwartung und Zurückweisung stecken zu bleiben und neue Türen zu öffnen, plädiert der Autor für eine neue Wertschätzung der Selbstbefriedigung.
Repronormativität und reproduktive Gerechtigkeit – eine interdisziplinäre Analyse zur Fortpflanzung im Kontext von Trans
Authors: Nieder Timo O. , Schneider Florian , Bauer Robin
Published: June 2022

Einleitung Im Kontext von Trans gewinnen Fragen zur Reproduktion seit etwa zwei Jahrzehnten zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dabei geht es um Kinderwunsch und Fertilitätserhalt sowie um Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Elternschaft. Einflussreich sind hier jedoch nicht nur die reproduktionsmedizinischen Möglichkeiten, sondern auch die repronormativ geprägten Barrieren, die trans und nicht-cis Personen in unserer Gesellschaft daran hindern, ihren Kinderwunsch zu realisieren oder dies zumindest erheblich erschweren.

Forschungsziele Der vorliegende Beitrag fragt daher aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive nach den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Reproduktion bei trans Personen.

Methoden Zunächst werden der Begriff der Repronormativität eingeführt und das Konzept der reproduktiven Gerechtigkeit elaboriert. Diese konzeptuelle Analyse wird ergänzt um eine narrative Literaturübersicht, die interdisziplinäre Perspektiven berücksichtigt: Juristische und reproduktionsmedizinische sowie psychologische und soziologische Beiträge gehen ein.

Ergebnisse Wir zeigen, wie repronormative Vorstellungen und gesetzliche Regelungen nicht-cis Personen in ihren reproduktiven Möglichkeiten einschränken und diskriminieren. Anknüpfend an den empirischen Forschungsstand zur Reproduktion bei trans Personen werden die praktischen Möglichkeiten der Fertilitätsprotektion im Kontext von Trans vorgestellt.

Schlussfolgerung Auf Grundlage der Befunde argumentieren wir dafür, dass trans Person mit den gleichen reproduktiven Rechten ausgestattet werden wie cis Personen. Insgesamt soll eine öffentliche Diskussion zu Repronormativität und reproduktiver Gerechtigkeit gefördert werden, die Reproduktion nachhaltig für queere Menschen öffnet und erleichtert.
Detektion von Vorhofflimmern nach akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall
Authors: Häusler Karl Georg , Kirchhof Paulus , Endres Matthias
Published: June 2022

Für die diagnostische Abklärung nach einem akuten ischämischen Schlaganfall wird gemäß Leitlinien eine kontinuierliche und qualitativ hochwertige EKG-Ableitung zum erstmaligen Nachweis eines Vorhofflimmerns (VHF) empfohlen. Bei etwa 15–20 % aller ischämischen Schlaganfälle findet sich VHF, das regelhaft eine Indikation für eine Sekundärprävention mittels oraler Antikoagulation begründet. Welche Schlaganfallpatienten einem verlängerten EKG-Monitoring unterzogen werden sollten, basiert vornehmlich auf Expertenkonsens unter Berücksichtigung klinischer, laborchemischer, echo- und elektrokardiografischer Parameter. Zudem sind die optimale Dauer und (Kosten-)Effizienz eines verlängerten EKG-Monitorings für die Sekundärprävention des Schlaganfalls noch unklar. Neben einer kurzen Darstellung der Datenlage stellen die Autoren (stellvertretend für das Scientific Board der Studie) die Ergebnisse der „Impact of standardized MONitoring for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Ischemic Stroke (MonDAFIS)“ Studie dar und geben Empfehlungen für die tägliche Praxis.
Osteopathie
Authors: Sevenich Stefan
Published: June 2022

Im Verlauf des letzten Jahrzehnts erlangte der Begriff Osteopathie eine zunehmende öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit. Insbesondere eine Differenzierung zu Therapiekonzepten der Manuellen Medizin ist häufig erschwert. Historische und konzeptionelle Unterschiede werden betrachtet und anhand eines Fallbeispiels mit primär rheumatischer Genese verdeutlicht.
Rhythmusmanagement bei Vorhofflimmern
Authors: Metzner Andreas , Gunawardene Melanie , Willems Stephan
Published: June 2022

Vorhofflimmern ist die häufigste Herzrhythmusstörung und ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Mortalität, Herzinsuffizienz, Schlaganfälle und Demenz assoziiert. Das therapeutische Management des Vorhofflimmerns hat sich in den letzten Jahren in vielfältiger Hinsicht entscheidend verändert. Die frühzeitige Diagnostik und die Einleitung einer gezielten und individualisierten Therapie spielen hierbei eine große Rolle. Die konsequente Behandlung von Risikofaktoren und Begleiterkrankungen sowie die Prävention thrombembolischer Komplikationen rücken in den Vordergrund. Zudem weisen neuste Studienergebnisse auf eine Prognoseverbesserung durch eine frühe Rhythmuskontrolle hin, welche durch antiarrhythmische Medikation oder eine Katheterablation erreicht werden kann. Im folgenden Artikel wird das Therapiemanagement des Vorhofflimmerns mit Fokus auf rhythmuserhaltende Strategien im Kontext der aktuellen Literatur beleuchtet.
Bedeutung der Manuellen Medizin in der multimodalen Komplexbehandlung des Bewegungssystems
Authors: Holtschmit Jan Holger
Published: June 2022

Patienten mit Manifestation rheumatischer Erkrankungen am Bewegungssystem profitieren von den Möglichkeiten manualmedizinischer Diagnostik und Therapie. Im akutmedizinischen Setting stehen dazu verschiedene subgruppenspezifische Strukturen mit multimodalen Konzepten zur Verfügung. Multimodale Settings, wie sie unter anderem in den ANOA-Kliniken angeboten werden, bieten Patienten, die eine hohe Krankheitsintensität haben, eine hohe Therapiedichte und ein individuell abgestimmtes Behandlungskonzept.
Efficacy of Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Shoulder Impingement
Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ren Kaixin , Ren Chuanjie , Li Liangli , Nie Xin , Wang Zhenyu
Published: June 2022

Background Laser therapy is used as a noninvasive treatment for
musculoskeletal diseases, including shoulder pain, but its efficacy in shoulder
impingement syndrome remains controversial. This study aimed to systematically
evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser therapy in shoulder impingement
syndrome.

Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched
from its establishment to June 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in
shoulder impingement syndrome were included. The primary outcome was pain, and
the secondary outcomes were function and range of motion. Meta-analysis was
performed with RevMan 5.3.

Results A total of 12 RCTs and 669 participants were included. The results
showed that laser therapy exhibited significant efficacy in shoulder impingement
syndrome, especially in terms of pain release (MD=1.26, 95%
CI=0.55–1.97, P=0.0005) and range of motion
(MD=4.27, 95% CI=1.93–6.61, P=0.0003).
However, the effect of shoulder function was uncertain (SMD=0.43,
95% CI=0–0.85, P=0.05). The subgroup analysis of
pain showed that the efficacy of the laser therapy was related to the wavelength
of the laser and the number of combined treatments. No adverse events were
reported in the included trials.

Conclusions Laser therapy can significantly relieve pain in shoulder
impingement syndrome and has no adverse reactions.
Exploring Professionalism among Final Year Dental Students and New Graduates: Translating Knowledge to Practice
Authors: Khalaf Khaled , El-Kishawi Mohamed , Al Kawas Sausan
Published: June 2022

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate senior students' and dental graduates' perception of professionalism as defined by international regulatory bodies and to assess students' ability to apply such knowledge in clinical-based scenarios.

Materials and Methods Knowledge of professional competencies was conducted using a survey based on domains of professionalism for a newly qualified general dental practitioner as defined by international regulatory bodies. This survey consists of 32 items addressing participants' perception of three domains of professionalism. Application of the perceived professional competencies was tested by asking participants to answer questions following the observation of a clinical-based scenario video where participants needed to identify issues related to professional, ethical, and communication skills, which were embedded in the scenarios.

Statistical Analysis Differences were analyzed using ANOVA and t-tests (p<0.05).

Results Data from 146 participants showed no significant differences in the survey scores between the participants' professional levels, place of practice, age groups, and genders. Analyses of correlation between the different domains of professionalism showed significant relationships between pair-wise comparisons of the total domain scores. Paired t-tests revealed that the mean score percentage for each of the three domains of professionalism was significantly higher than the responses reported in the relevant clinical-based scenario questions.

Conclusions This indicates that all domains of professionalism contributed in a similar way to their overall assessment. Furthermore, our findings show that dental practitioners may not be able to apply their knowledge of professionalism in real-life scenarios. This suggests that teaching professionalism at the early stages of the dental curriculum should incorporate innovative approaches to mimic real-life scenarios.