bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Long-Term Administration of Tadalafil on Arteriosclerosis
Authors: Hayashi Keiichiro , Sasaki Haruaki , Fukagai Takashi , Noguchi Tetsuo , Hirayama Kidai , Ogawa Yu , Igarashi Atsushi , Morita Masashi , Ishikawa Kimiyasu , Ogawa Yoshio
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

The aim of this study is to prospectively investigate whether the long-term administration of tadalafil, which is commonly used for erectile dysfunction, could reduce arteriosclerosis.

Materials and Methods:

This study included 85 patients who presented to one of the three hospitals with lower urinary tract symptoms. Tadalafil was administered daily (5 mg/d), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured before administration and at weeks 12, 24, 36, and 48. The International Prostate Symptom Score, Overactive Bladder Symptom Score, and Erection Hardness Score were simultaneously assessed at the same time points. Further subanalyses were performed in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular events, those aged 75 years or older, and those younger than 75 years. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

Compared with pretreatment values, the PWV did not show any statistically significant decrease at any time point. The group at high risk of cardiovascular events showed significant improvement at weeks 24 and 36, whereas the 75 years or older group showed significant improvement at only week 24. However, the three aforementioned scores significantly improved in all patients during treatment.

Conclusions:

The long-term administration of tadalafil (5 mg/d) might inhibit the progression of arteriosclerosis or prevent its future development.
The Effect of Treatment Timing and Urinary Drainage on the Outcome of Urinary Tuberculosis
Authors: Lin Tsu-Feng , Lin Wun-Rong , Chen Marcelo , Chang Huang-Kuang , Lin Wen-Chou , Tsai Wei-Kung , Yang Stone , Chiu Allen W.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Urinary tuberculosis (TB) has a variety of clinical manifestations and is a diagnostic challenge for urologists. Delayed treatment can lead to loss of renal function and structural destruction. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the timing of treatment and outcomes in patients with urinary TB.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with urinary TB from 1978 to 2016 at our hospital and analyzed the patients' symptoms, diagnostic methods, imaging studies, time to diagnosis, treatment methods, and follow-up.

Results:

Twenty-one patients (median age: 49 years) had urinary TB, of whom 18 had hydronephrosis and hydroureter. No bilateral renal involvement was noted. The median duration from symptom onset to anti-TB treatment was 78.5 days. There was no significant relationship between symptom-to-treatment time and posttreatment changes in renal function (Pearson's r = 0.103, P > 0.05); however, the symptom-to-treatment time was linearly associated with pre- and posttreatment hydronephrosis grade (Pearson's r = 0.667, P= 0.03, and r = 0.710, P= 0.007, respectively). In multivariate analysis, the symptom-to-treatment time was found to be an independent predictor of improvements in hydronephrosis but was not associated with renal function change. Of nine patients with upper urinary tract drainage, hydronephrosis improved in three and was stable in five patients. Of 12 patients without drainage, four experienced renal loss.

Conclusion:

Urinary TB has vague clinical manifestations and is prone to a delayed diagnosis. Early diagnosis and prompt internal ureteral stenting may prevent renal loss in certain patients.
Olea europaea subsp. Cuspidata and Juniperus procera Hydroalcoholic Leaves' Extracts Modulate Stress Hormones in Stress-Induced Cystitis in Rats
Authors: Nassir Anmar M. , Aziz Ibrahim Ibrahim Abdel , Afify Mohamed A. , ElSawy Naser A. , Imam Mohammad Tarique , Shaheen Mohammad Hassan , Basyuni Mohammed Adel , Bader Ammar , Azhar Raed A. , Shahzad Naiyer
Published: December 2021

Objective:

To study the effect of Saudi medicinal plant in stress-induced cystitis in experimental rats.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy-two female Sprague Dawley rats (200–250 g) were divided into eight groups of 9 rats each. Group 1 and 2 are controls assigned nonstressed and stressed, respectively. Other six groups received different treatments for 2 weeks. After the 14 days of treatment, each group was exposed to water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS) for 30 min. Blood samples were collected to measure the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels. The rats were sacrificed, and their urinary bladders were isolated immediately for a histological and immunohistochemical examination.

Results:

Rats exposed to WIRS had lesions in the urinary bladder, with a significant increase in plasma CRH and ACTH levels in comparison to the nonstressed controls. Bladder cut sections in stressed rats showed no gross structural abnormality in smooth muscle and connective tissue ratio. There were noticeable variations in mast cell (MC) infiltration and activity with a loss of more than 20% of cellular staining and a significant increase in the number of red blood cell-filled blood vessels. Our findings showed that supplementation of Olea europaea leaf extract (OEE) or Juniperus procera leaf extract (JPE) reduced the MC infiltration and significantly reduced stress hormones compared to the stressed controls.

Conclusions:

The present study demonstrated that OEE/JPE alone and their combination have a potential protective effect against stress-induced cystitis in rats. The underlying mechanism of the present study also resulted in a decrease in CRH and ACTH stress hormones.
The Impact of Obesity on Serum Testosterone Levels and Semen Quality in a Population of Infertile Men
Authors: Chen Yu-An , Chang Hung-Chiang , Liao Chun-Hou
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Multiple factors contribute to male infertility, with hypogonadism and low testosterone levels possibly affecting fertility in different aspects. This study focused on factors for low testosterone in infertile male patients.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively collected data of patients who were diagnosed with infertility and visited the National Taiwan University Hospital from January 2015 to October 2017. Patients' weight and height, basic blood test results, sperm analysis, and sex hormone profile were recorded. Patients diagnosed with obstructive azoospermia, particularly absence of bilateral vas deferens, those who received a vasectomy or orchiectomy, and patients diagnosed with cancer undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy were excluded. Pearson's correlation test was applied for detecting associating factors for serum testosterone. Multivariate linear regression was used for detecting independent factors predicting serum testosterone. An independent t-test was used to analyze continuous variables, and the Chi-square test was used for categorical variables.

Results:

Two hundred and forty-seven patients had serum sex hormone profile and semen profile recorded. The mean age was 36.48 ± 8.68 years. Pearson's correlation test showed that serum testosterone was correlated with serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, and body mass index (BMI). However, multivariate linear regression showed BMI (P = 0.001) and smoking (P = 0.029) to be independent factors predicting serum testosterone. On comparing sex hormone profile and semen profile between obese (BMI ≥30), overweight patient (BMI ≥25, <30), and nonoverweight patients (BMI <25), (i) serum testosterone was significantly lower in the obese and overweight group comparing to nonoverweight group (nonoverweight: 3.61 ± 1.63 ng/ml vs. overweight: 2.87 ± 1.27, P = 0.001; nonoverweight: 3.61 ± 1.63 vs. obese 2.89 ± 1.59, P = 0.035). Follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin did not differ significantly between the groups. No significant difference in sperm parameters, namely the total sperm count, sperm concentration, total sperm motility, and morphology, was observed between the groups.

Conclusion:

In the infertile Taiwanese male population, obese patients (BMI ≥ 30) and overweight patients (BMI ≥25) had a significant lower serum testosterone than the nonoverweight patients. Body weight control and treatment of metabolic syndrome, and diabetes could improve serum testosterone levels.
The Role of Body Mass Index Predicting Outcome of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Chen Tsai-Feng , Chen Chung-Hsin , Lee Yuan-Ju
Published: December 2021

Objective:

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on clinical outcomes and safety profiles of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the patients who received PCNL between January 2015 and December 2016. A total of 182 consecutive patients were enrolled. The patients were categorized into three groups according to BMI (normal: BMI ≤24, overweight: 24 < BMI ≤27, obesity: BMI >27). The stone clearance rate, operation time, duration of hospital stay, postoperative analgesic use, and postoperation complications were compared among groups. The categorical variable was analyzed by Chi-square test, and the continuous variable was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test. The possible prognosticators for stone clearance were also analyzed using logistic regression method.

Results:

There were no significant differences among groups in terms of age, gender, stone character, stone size, and laterality. A higher proportion of hypertension was observed in the larger BMI groups and lower hemoglobin level in the smaller BMI group. No significant differences of stone clearance rate (66%, 76%, 70% in normal size, overweight, and obesity groups, respectively), duration of hospital stay, postoperative analgesic use, and complication rate were identified among groups. The most common complication was postoperative fever in overweight and obesity groups. Multivariable analysis showed the stone character was a significant prognosticator for stone clearance.

Conclusion:

BMI did not reveal the impact on the stone clearance, operative time, duration of hospital stay, postoperative analgesic requirement, and postoperative complication in patients undergoing PCNL.
Consensus Report on Controversial Use of 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia under Taiwan National Health Insurance Regulations
Authors: Chuang Te-Yen , Wang Chung-Cheng , Chen Po-Cheng , Kao Ming-Hong
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Although the National Health Insurance regulations for 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor (5ARI) use is well documented, urologists and medical claims review committee members have sometimes felt confused when determining claims for 5ARI use in certain circumstances. Thus, a consensus meeting was held to discuss how to use 5ARI appropriately in such circumstances.

Materials and Methods:

The expert urologists and medical claim review committee members reviewed seven controversial cases with related clinical evidence and voted for approval of the use of 5ARI after vigorous discussion.

Results:

Among the seven cases, a consensus was achieved in four. First, transrectal ultrasound of the prostate was not necessary if the patient already had other images. Second, prescribing 5ARI was affirmed in patients who had high prostate-specific antigen but who refused biopsy. Third, the normal prostate-specific antigen range was based on the 2003 version of the consensus of prostatic cancer of the National Health Research Institutes. Four, 5ARI could be prescribed in patients with improved clinical data but who were unable to meet the other regulatory criteria. Finally, of the three remaining cases, one case was denied, and in two cases, half of the members approved, and half rejected the claim for 5ARI use.

Conclusion:

This consensus report provided clarification for Taiwanese urologists and medical claims review committee members on reimbursable use of 5ARI in controversial cases.
Renal Aspergillosis in a Patient with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Flores-Lovon Kevin , Lozano Noris , Cuba Nicolas , Gutierrez Ericson L.
Published: December 2021

Renal aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by Aspergillus, which develops in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who developed renal aspergillosis. He underwent abdominal tomography (computerized tomography) which showed an abscess in his left kidney. A nephrectomy was performed, and pathology revealed Aspergillus conidia.
Smaller Prostate Volume is Associated with Adverse Pathological Features and Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Buie John , De Riese Werner , Sharma Pranav
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

The relationship between prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia is unclear. Reduction in androgenicity and lower intraprostatic growth factor concentrations in smaller prostates may serve a more ideal environment for the development of aggressive tumors. We determined if prostate volume was associated with adverse pathological features, tumor volume, and biochemical recurrence (BCR) in men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for PCa.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively identified 192 men who underwent RP at our institution for PCa from 2010 to 2016 years. Prostate volume was based on RP specimen weight, and cumulative tumor volume was calculated. Means were compared with one-way ANOVA test and proportions with Chi-square analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine independent predictors of BCR after RP.

Results:

Patients with prostate volume >60 g were less likely to have high-risk PCa (Gleason grade group >4) (7.1% vs. 13.4%; P = 0.042), node-positive disease (7.1% vs. 13.4%, P = 0.042), and BCR (10.7% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.002) after surgery. Linear regression showed an inverse relationship between prostate and tumor volume (R = 0.267; P < 0.05). On multivariate logistic regression, prostate volume >30 g (odds ratio [OR]: 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.09–0.88; P = 0.015) and >60 g (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.74; P = 0.002) were independent predictors of reduced BCR at mean follow-up of 24 months.Conclusions: Smaller prostate volume was associated with adverse pathological features, increased tumor volume, higher incidence of pathological node-positive disease, and increased rates of BCR. Prostate volume should be considered as a prognostic feature when counseling patients with both elevated prostate-specific antigen and newly diagnosed PCa.
Comparative Persistence, Switch Rates, and Predictors for Discontinuation of Antimuscarinics for Overactive Bladder
Authors: Chen Hao-Wei , Chen Yu-Chen , Wu Wen-Jeng , Li Ching-Chia , Chang Yu-Han , Geng Jiun-Hung , Shen Jung-Tsung , Jang Mai-Yu , Yang Kai-Fu , Juan Yung-Shun
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

Although antimuscarinic drugs are considered the gold standard for overactive bladder (OAB), high discontinuation rates have been observed. However, no information is known about this in Taiwan. We investigated the persistence and switch rates among different antimuscarinics prescribed for OAB and evaluated whether different comorbidities impacted the persistence with prescribed antimuscarinics in Taiwan.

Materials and Methods:

We obtained retrospective claims from a Taiwanese health insurance database for patients with OAB; any first claim for the target drugs (tolterodine extended release [ER], tolterodine immediate release [IR], oxybutynin ER, oxybutynin IR, solifenacin, propiverine, and flavoxate) between January 2004 and December 2013 was included. The prescription claims were tracked for 1 year to calculate the time of persistence and switch rates. Comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia, were recorded. Significant factors for discontinuation were investigated by using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results:

A total of 24,381 patients with OAB were prescribed the target antimuscarinics. The most prescribed drug during the 10-year period was flavoxate (8339 patients). Of the 3481 patients with chronic OAB, the drug with the longest mean persistence was solifenacin (125 days). At 12 months, the persistence rate varied from 7.6% for oxybutynin ER to 4.3% for propiverine. The switch rates varied from 40.3% for propiverine to 25.7% for solifenacin. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that hyperlipidemia was the only comorbidity significantly associated with discontinuation (hazards ratio: 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.21, P = 0.006).

Conclusions:

In this large nationwide Taiwanese study, 12-month persistence was generally low for all antimuscarinics. Solifenacin was associated with the longest mean persistence and the lowest switch rates, oxybutynin ER had the highest 12-month persistence rate, and hyperlipidemia was significantly associated with lower persistence.
Unusual Presentation of Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of Ureter Posing Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Piplani Gaurvi , Prasad Kishan H. L. , Sajitha K. , Rajeev T. P. , Bhat Shubha , Hegde Suraj
Published: December 2021

The mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (MEST) family comprises a spectrum of tumors varying from predominantly cystic tumors such as adult cystic nephroma, to variably solid tumors such as MESTs. These rare renal tumors typically affect women in their perimenopausal age. Most of these tumors are benign; however, at some rare occasions, they are associated with malignant transformation. The current article reports a rare case of MEST arising from the proximal ureter in a perimenopausal woman, manifested as a cord-like structure in the ureter, and posing the diagnostic dilemma.
Prostate Tuberculosis
Authors: Eziyi Amogu K. , Oluogun Waheed A. , Adedokun Kamoru A. , Oyeniyi Ganiyu A.
Published: December 2021

Prostate tuberculosis (PTB) is an extremely rare complication of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) that is alien to many urologists due to unaccustomed prostate involvement, thus posing a high tendency of confusion with prostate cancer. A 55-year-old Nigerian male presented with lower urinary tract symptoms with micturition difficulty, characterized by dysuria and weak urine stream that did not improve with straining, urge incontinence, and feeling of incomplete bladder emptying, some months after the completion of anti-Koch chemotherapy. The assessment of chronic bladder outlet obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia was done, following a digital rectal examination which showed malignant features. The finding prompted requests for serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and prostate biopsy. PSA level was 22.6 ng/ml, whereas histopathological examination showed Langhans-type giant cells suggestive of PTB. There is a high chance of missing out PTB in the diagnosis. Hence, a high index of suspicion is crucial in all TB-burden countries to make a differential diagnosis of PTB from classical prostate cancer.
A Case with Small Renal Tumor Complicated with Pulmonary oil Embolism after Transcatheter Arterial Embolization
Authors: Hsu Jui-Shan , Chow Po-Ming , Liang Po-Chin , Chen Yu-An
Published: December 2021

An 85-year-old gentleman was diagnosed with a small right renal cell carcinoma by a radiologist. The patient opted for cryotherapy instead of partial nephrectomy. One day before the scheduled cryoablation, the patient received trans-catheter arterial embolization (TAE) with lipiodol and it was complicated with tumor rupture and peri-renal hematoma formation. The patient was discharged under a stable condition after 12-day's conservative treatment. However, upon arriving home, the patient lost consciousness and was sent to our ER, and presented with asystole. Emergent CT revealed hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and pulmonary embolism with bilateral lungs filled with lipiodol. We herein describe a very rare case with complication after treating renal cell carcinoma and review the relevant literature.
Smoking Behavior and Survival Outcomes in Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Chu Wei-Chung , Chen Chung-Hsin
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to compare the survival outcomes of bladder cancer patients with different smoking behaviors.

Materials and Methods:

Between January 2011 and December 2014, a total of 565 bladder cancer patients were included from one institute retrospectively. Regarding smoking behavior, among these patients, 337 were nonsmokers, 52 were “quitters” (patients who had quit smoking ≥10 years ago), 54 were ex-smokers (patients who had quit smoking <10 years ago), and 117 were current smokers. We compared the clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes among these four groups.

Results:

In this cohort, the 3-year overall survival (OS) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of the nonsmoker, quitter, ex-smoker, and current smoker groups were 75.6% (95% CI: 72.9%–78.3%), 67.4% (95% CI: 59.8%–75%), 84.1% (95% CI: 78.9%–89.3%), and 83.2% (95% CI: 79.3%–87.1%), respectively. Nonsmoker patients included a higher number of females, and quitters were older than the patients in the other groups. Larger tumors in quitters and higher clinical stages in ex-smokers were observed more frequently than in the patients of the other groups. Compared with nonsmokers, quitters, and ex-smokers, current smokers had no impact on OS (P = 0.541, 0.406, and 0.175, respectively) nor on cancer-specific survival (CSS) (P = 0.631, 0.388, and 0.193, respectively). Higher diagnostic age, being underweight, larger tumor sizes, and higher clinical stages were independent factors predicting OS.

Conclusion:

Smoking behavior seemed to not directly contribute to the deterioration of overall or CSS duration in patients with bladder cancer.
Применение метода $\bar\partial$-одевания к $(2+1)$-мерному дифференциальному уравнению
Authors: Chai Xue Dong , Zhang Yufeng , Zhao Shiyin
Published: November 2021

Замечательным методом исследования решений нелинейного солитонного уравнения является метод $\bar\partial$-одевания. Хотя для этой цели также могут применяться другие подходы, $\bar\partial$-одевание оказывается наиболее понятным и непосредственно приводящим к конечным результатам. Изучается $(2+1)$-мерное уравнение Савады-Котеры. Для его решения используются собственные функцие и функция Грина представления Лакса, а также обратное спектральное преобразование, которое трансформируется в новую $\bar\partial$-задачу. На основе этой $\bar\partial$-задачи путем выбора надлежащего спектрального преобразования строится решение. Если задана временна́я эволюция спектральных данных, то можно получить окончательное формальное выражение для решения уравнения Савады-Котеры.
Майорановские фермионы, суперсимметрия и термополевая динамика
Authors: Trindade M A. S , Floquet Sergio
Published: November 2021

Для произвольного (четного или нечетного) числа майорановских фермионов без использования какой-либо симметрии гамильтониана показано, что спектр системы обладает свойствами суперсимметрии и вырожденности. Исследуется суперсимметрия при конечной температуре. Этот анализ основан на введении зависимости от температуры в формализм термополевой динамики для майорановских фермионов. С помощью преобразований Боголюбова вычислены сплетающие операторы при ненулевой температуре и найдено их действие на температурное состояние Белла. На основе степени совпадения квантовых состояний вычисляется расстояние между состояниями при ненулевой температуре и соответствующими чистыми состояниями. В пределе нулевой температуры восстанавливаются чистые состояния и степень совпадения стремится к единице. Результаты этих вычислений позволяют проанализировать влияние температуры на эволюцию системы.
Асимптотика спектра оператора типа Хартри с экранированным кулоновским потенциалом самодействия вблизи верхних границ спектральных кластеров
Authors: Pereskokov Alexandr Vadimovich
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрена задача на собственные значения для оператора типа Хартри с экранированным кулоновским потенциалом самодействия и с малым параметром перед нелинейностью. Найдены асимптотические собственные значения и асимптотические собственные функции вблизи верхних границ спектральных кластеров, которые образуются около уровней энергии невозмущенного оператора.
Нелинейное эволюционное уравнение Шредингера в сверхкритическом случае
Authors: Nasibov Sharif Mamed ogly
Published: November 2021

Доказано, что решения задачи Коши для нелинейного уравнения Шредингера в сверхкритическом случае при некоторых начальных данных разрушаются через конечное время, точное значение которого оценивается сверху. Для скорости разрушения решения получены оценки снизу в некоторых нормах. Выделено множество начальных данных, при которых решение задачи Коши нелинейного уравнения Шредингера в сверхкритическом случае существует глобально.
Um Ensaio Sobre a Avaliação e o Ensino de Matemática na Atualidade Pandêmica
Authors: Alvarenga Karly B. , Fernandes da Silva José , Ventura Viana Marger da Conceição
Published: December 2021

Este ensaio tem dois objetivos principais: promover reflexões sobre a avaliação no âmbito do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem da Matemática, em especial, na Educação Superior em tempos de pandemia e apresentar opções avaliativas, baseadas em experiências de alguns autores, para aquilatar o desenvolvimento do estudante e, consequentemente ações docentes na direção de uma formação integral deste. Este trabalho é fruto de leituras sobre as dificuldades, os instrumentos e os processos da avaliação formativa. Destaca-se que tanto docentes, quanto discentes com acessos aos recursos tecnológicos enfrentam, nesse momento, ainda mais desafios atinentes sobre como usá-los em prol de uma aprendizagem efetiva.  Nesse contexto, são apontadas direções para uma reflexão: a escrita matemática; a validade das respostas; o tradicional paradigma de como conhecer o que os discentes conhecem e também são propostas algumas estratégias e práticas formativas: elaborar portfólios; aplicar questionários contínuos; implementar modelagens matemáticas; projetos pedagógicos de pesquisas; estimular o uso de aplicativos como Kahoot, Padlet, e outros.
God’s Omnipotence: A Literary Investigation
Authors: Harold Prof. Dr. Godfrey
Published: November 2021

The omnipotence of God can be defined as the perfect ability of God to do all things that are consistent with the divine character. Open theists see God as one who is influenced as God interacts with human beings in time and space (temporally). Thus, for Open Theists, God is affected and influenced by the world. This paper revisits the historical, biblical and theological grounds for the doctrine of omnipotence with the aim of re-establishing the relevance of divine omnipotence. Using a literary investigation this article traces the developments of the doctrine of God’s power from the Early Church Fathers to the Reformers to establish whether the articulation of God’s power within Open Theism resonates with Orthodox Theology and Evangelicalism.
Osmanlı Hanedan Şairleri: Osman Bey'den Sultan Vahdettin'e
Authors: SÖYLEMEZ İdris
Published: November 2021

İslam medeniyeti sahasına dâhil olan Türkler, kendisinden önce Müslüman olan Arap ve Farslardan dinî, ilmî, kültürel ve edebî sahada fazlasıyla etkilenmişlerdir. Kendisinden önceki İslam medeniyeti sahasında kurulmuş olan Müslüman devletlerin mirasçısı konumunda inşa edilen Osmanlı İmparatorluğu bu kadim gelenekte inşa edilen edebî geleneği benimsemiş ve onu daha üst bir mecraya taşımıştır. Halkın büyük bir kısmının Türkçe konuştuğu bu devlette, ilim dili Arapça ve edebiyat dili Farsçaydı. 13. yüzyıldan itibaren ilkin tercüme daha sonra uyarlama yoluyla dâhil olunmuş olan bu edebî sahada çok kısa bir zaman diliminde güçlü şairler yetiştirilerek onların gayretiyle orijinal eserler ortaya konmuştur. Hayatlarının ilk dönemlerinden itibaren dinî, ilmî ve edebî bakımdan en güzel şekilde yetiştirilen Osmanlı Devleti şehzadeleri edebiyatla ve şiirle çok erken zamanda tanışmışlardır. Osmanlı tahtına geçmiş otuz altı sultan ile bu sultanların şehzadelerinin neredeyse tamamı şiirle alakadar olmuşlardır. Sultanlardan ve şehzadelerden bazıları ise divan, divançe ve farklı meseleleri konu edinen eserler ortaya koyabilecek kadar sanata ve dolayısıyla şiir diline ve nazım şekillerine hâkimdirler. Bu çalışmada “Osmanlı Hanedan Şairleri: Osman Bey’den Sultan Vahdettin’e” isimli eser üzerine bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Eserin ön sözünden başlayarak eser hakkında bilgiler verilmiş ve eser bütün boyutlarıyla tanıtılmıştır.
Demand for Frigate on Rhodes Island
Authors: BAYKARA TAŞKAYA Arzu
Published: November 2021

The frigate was the most common type of ship constructed on Rhodes Island in the 19th century. We know that these ships were generally constructed by the administrators of the region, which were necessary for the navy for Istanbul. The ships constructed for Istanbul had to be finished and sent in a certain period of time. For this reason, it was requested in the documents to complete the shipbuilding as soon as possible. Undoubtedly, the most important person involved in shipbuilding was the Mütesellim Murâbıtzâde Captain Hasan. The state trusted this person, who also carried out several duties with him, and he was very useful in the construction of galleons and frigates for the Mütesellim Yusuf Bey served at the state level after the Mütesellim Murâbıtzâde Captain Hasan, we also see that this person had successfully completed the construction of many frigates. These people, who were personally responsible for the construction of many ships in different periods, had the ships constructed for the army. In article, which we wrote using archival documents, how the change in ship technology was reflected in shipbuilding; with the help of the aid received from Istanbul, we tried to trace the archival documents, under which conditions the shipbuilding took place at the maximum capacity that could be done on the island of Rhodes, which was a large-scale island, and how the people had a significant economic power with this business capacity created on the island.
Development of Smart Monitoring System for Wind Energy System
Authors: Mahaveera Apapol , Pasuk Sanya
Published: November 2021

The paper presents the development of monitoring system for a wind turbine prototype system. The proposed monitoring system is developed by the Labview computer programming. The system can connect to the wind turbine via the internet – as well as acquire monitored values and upload values into memories. Meanwhile, the system will show real-time values. Operating staffs can observe the wind turbine using the monitoring system and can take any actions on-time, if the wind turbine is not working properly. The results of the monitoring system indicate that the monitoring system is able to work properly and information can be used for investigation - the wind turbine and system analysis. The investigation process is very important for wind turbine operation in order to transmit energy to destinations.
The Role of Presence, Flow and Education Components in the Continuing Intention to e-Learn
Authors: Rodríguez-Ardura Inma , Meseguer-Artola Antoni
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates learners’ experiences in virtual education environments and the impact on their continued intention to e-learn. We study how presence and flow affect behavioral intention to continue e-learning, and analyze the role of TAM perceptions on core components of the virtual education environment. We develop an integrated conceptual model, and we test it by means of a questionnaire-based survey and registered data collected from a broad sample of learners within a virtual education environment. The results strongly support the conceptual model, suggesting that the virtual education environment’s components (categorized by professor attitude and perceived didactic resource quality) play a key role in prompting learners’ perceptions, attitudes and behavioral intentions
Dynamics of Mechatronics Engineering in Pakistan
Authors: Mir Aqeela , Malik Akhtar Nawaz , Iqbal Javaid
Published: November 2021

Mechatronics, being a new engineering discipline in Pakistan, has to face many risks for its successful establishment and growth. Every discipline owes its evolution and progress to the stakeholders, government, universities and experts. This paper discusses the general view of Mechatronics engineering education in Pakistan, the evolution of Mechatronics engineering in Pakistan and the status of Mechatronics in the industries of Pakistan. The paper presents a survey based approach and the use of Cronbach Alpha for assessing reliability of the data
System Architecture of Unobtrusive Sensors for Supporting Home Care and Independet Living
Authors: Pirš Cvetko , Cigale Boris , Zazula Damjan , Usar Dejan
Published: November 2021

The paper deals with an implementation of unobtrusive sensors installed in home environment for continuous monitoring of functional-health parameters of the observed persons. A multi-tier architecture links sensory devices through sensor-data concentrators to a home server. Automated sensory measurements are supported by a concept of sensoractivated events, event-driven data transmission and processing by a dedicated application interface. Its logic and data structures are revealed. Examples of three typical execution scenarios are given and a short description depicts clinical installation of proposed system for testing purposes.
HUXLEY SURROGATE MODEL FOR TWITCH MUSCLE CONTRACTION
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Milićević Bogdan , Ivanović Miloš , Stojanović Boban , Filipović Nenad ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science
Published: November 2021

Biophysical muscle models, often called Huxley-type models, are based on the underlying physiology of muscles, making them suitable for modeling non-uniform and unsteady contractions. This kind of model can be computationally intensive, which makes the usage of large-scale simulations difficult. To enable more efficient usage of the Huxley muscle model, we created a data-driven surrogate model, which behaves similarly to the original Huxley muscle model, but it requires significantly less computational power. From several numerical simulations, we acquired a lot of data and trained deep neural networks so that the behavior of the neural network resembles the behavior of the Huxley model. Since muscle models are history-dependent we used time series as an input and we trained a recurrent neural network to produce stress and instantaneous stiffness. The real challenge was to get the neural network to predict these values precisely enough for the numerical simulation to work properly and produce accurate results. In our work, we showed results obtained with the original Huxley model and surrogate Huxley model for several muscle twitch contractions. Based on similarities between the surrogate model and the original model we can conclude that the surrogate has the potential to replace the original model within numerical simulations.
BLOOD FLOW SIMULATION USING SPH METHOD IN LS-DYNA, ANALYSIS OF ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Topalovic Marko , Nikolic Aleksandar , Zivkovic Miroslav
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research was to investigate the possibility of blood flow modelling in LS-DYNA using its SPH solver and SPH-FEM coupling. SPH and FEM methods are both based on the continuum mechanics, and SPH uses Lagrangian material framework, while FEM can use both Lagrangian for solid, and Eulerian formulation for fluid analysis. SPH implementation is mesh-free giving it the capability to model very large deformations without mesh distortions. However, this comes at a high computational price, so the number of SPH particles needs to be significantly lower in comparison to the number of FEM elements in the Eulerian analysis of the same fluid domain. In the case of combined SPH-FEM analysis, the blood vessel wall is modelled with FEM shell elements, while the blood inside is modelled with SPH particles. The contact between the two is done using nodes to surface algorithm, while if we use the SPH only, there is no need for the specific contact definition. The Lagrangian framework of the SPH method means that we need to generate particles at one end, and to destroy them on the other, in order to generate a continuous fluid flow. To do this we used activation and deactivation planes, which is a solution implemented in the commercial LS-Dyna SPH solver. In the results section of the paper, the velocity field of blood obtained by implementation of described modelling methodology is shown. SPH-FEM coupling offers greater possibilities to study the effects of wall deformations, tracking of movement of solid particle inclusion, or mixing two different fluids, but it requires elaborate contact definition, and prolonged analysis time in comparison to the FEM CFD analysis.
ADDITION OF REMESHING TECHNIQUE TO THE STENT IMPLANTATION SOFTWARE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE SIMULATION OUTCOME
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Djukic Tijana , Saveljic Igor , Filipović Nenad
Published: November 2021

Stent implanation is one of the clinical treatments of stenotic arteries. This clinical procedure requires careful planning that considers the geometry of the artery of the particular patient. The numerical simulation can be very useful to analyze the state of the arterial wall during and after this intervention. The numerical model considered within this paper simulates the expansion of the stent and subsequent deformation of the arterial wall using finite element method. This model was validated in literature against clinical data. Within the implementation, the tetrahedral finite elements were used. But, this type of elements can cause inaccuracies and instability during simulations. Within this paper, the stent implantation software was improved by implementing hexahedral finite element mesh and applying an additional remeshing technique in order to ensure better prediction of forces exerted on stent and stress within arterial wall. The benefits of these additions are demonstrated on the simulation of stent implantation with patient-specific coronary artery. This software can be used to analyze quickly the effect of different stent size and position on the state of the arterial wall after the intervention. It represents a valuable and reliable tool for the clinicians that can help them determine the outcome of the stenting intervention and thus improve the patient-specific pre-operative planning process.
Deficiência adquirida de vitamina D
Authors: Muszkat Patrícia , Maeda Sergio Setsuo , Castro Marise Lazaretti
Published: November 2021

A vitamina D surgiu há mais de 750 milhões de anos. Desde organismos simples como zooplânctons, fitoplânctons até a maioria das plantas e animais têm capacidade de sintetizar vitamina D (1). A principal função fisiológica da vitamina D é manter a oferta de cálcio e fósforo para a completa mineralização do tecido ósseo. Tamanha é sua importância que houve uma adaptação na cor da pele dos seres humanos no planeta para otimizar sua exposição à luz solar, haja vista a tendência de se encontrar os povos de pele mais pigmentada vivendo próximos ao Equador, e de pele mais clara nas latitudes mais extremas, próximos aos polos. Isto porque a melanina é o filtro solar natural que absorve os raios ultravioleta, amenizando sua energia e neutralizando a ação dos radicais livres. A pigmentação da pele evoluiu no sentido de impedir a destruição das reservas de folato, fator essencial para a síntese do DNA na divisão celular, espermatogênese e o fechamento do tubo neural. Por outro lado, o clareamento da pele foi resultado também da seleção natural para os povos que migraram para o norte do planeta. A redução das quantidades de melanina na pele possibilitou a manutenção da síntese de vitamina D, em regiões do planeta com pouca insolação (2). Esta necessidade de adaptação traduz a importância vital da vitamina D para o ser humano.
The university teacher: Catalyst of the emotional-technological-ontological logic in the teaching of exact sciences
Authors: Jose Mendoza Velazco Derling , Francisca Cejas Martinez Magda , Víctor Villavicencio Álvarez , Mayrene Flores Hinoztroza Elizeth , Mercedes Navarro Cejas
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to design a theoretical approach to the existing techno-ontological logical emotions of university mathematics teachers working in universities in Ecuador. The research was qualitative. For the selection of the sample, a random selection was carried out under the criterion of intentionality. Twenty (20) students and eight (8) mathematics teachers from different universities participated. For data collection, we used a participatory digital observation guide and an open-ended interview. Three categories emerged from the results: the andragogic retrotopia of being a mathematician, the emotional scar in teacher training and the educational perception of the university student. We conclude with a theoretical approach in which the deficit of professional digital training in mathematical sciences allows the emotional logic of the Ecuadorian teacher to drive him/her to portray an academic being that generates hatred and rejection in the university educational community.
Realizing Collective Capacities to Navigate Complexity
Authors: Rajagopalan Raghav
Published: December 2021

In describing one experimental approach to building organisational capacity for navigating complexities, an evocative testimony about the shift to discovering a collective capability is embedded in a report on a sensitive research inquiry – into how sensing and perceptionsshape unfolding patterns of behaviour and prescribe or circumscribe action potential. The commentary discusses sensing as a tool and the potential role of action research as scientific inquiry into sensing.
Case Study on Moolakabeejadi Lepa in Dadru Kushta
Authors: Kusum Mahajan  , Yasmeen A. Phaniband
Published: November 2021

In recent years; there has been a considerable increase in the incidence of skin problems in the developing countries like India and tropical countries due to less immunity, unhygienic, living conditions, and nutrition. The most exposed part of the body is skin. In cosmetic point of view patient who suffers with any skin diseases leads to experience physical, emotional and socio-economic embarrassment in his/her society because mirror that reflects internal & external pathology in such diseases is skin which helps in diagnosis. In among the various skin infections tinea/ringworm is one which is spreading rapidly and affecting all the age group of population. Skin infection is termed as Twak Vikara or Kushta roga in Ayurveda. In among the Kushta Roga, Dadru termed as a Dadru Kushta. In contemporary medicine, tinea/ringworm which is skin fungal infection is correlated to Dadru Kushta due to similarities in their signs and symptoms. Large community prevalence studies have demonstrated that between 20-30% of the population have various skin problems requiring attention. Present study was conducted on diagnosed patients of Dadru Kushta in patients Moolakabeejadi Lepa was applied. The drugs used in the formulations having Kandughana, Kushtahara, Krimighna, Shodhana and Tridoshahara in their properties. The results revealed highly significant effect of Moolakabeejadi Lepa in various subjective and objective parameters like Raga, Kandu and number of Pidika, number of Mandala after treatment. During follow up period of 15 days the drug effect suggested the sustained effect on the disease.
A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Asthapana Basti and Uttar Basti in Asrigdara w.s.r to Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Kaminey  , Soni Kapil  , Anil Bhardawaj
Published: November 2021

Regular periods are necessary to maintain good health of women. Any abnormality in Rituchakra leads to excessive and irregular uterine bleeding which is known as Asrigdara which can be correlated to Abnormal Uterine bleeding. In Ayurvedic text, many preparations are described to treat Asrigdara. Samshodhan therapy is mainstay in the management of Artava related disorders of which Basti is supreme to manage Asrigdara. In conventional science, Hormonal therapy is given but chances of recurrence of the disease are high. This study was planned to provide simple, safe, non- hormonal drug for the patients of Asrigdara. Total 40 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected randomly from Dept. of Stree roga and Prasuti tantra O.P.D.and I.P.D. The total effect of drug was evaluated on the basis of signs and symptoms after completion of therapy. Overall effect of therapy shows in group-I 6 (60%) patients were markedly improved, 11 (61.11%) were partially improved and 1 (5.6%) was not improved and group II- 6 (33.33%) patients were cured, 9 (50%) were markedly improved, 2 (11.1%) were partially improved, and 1 (5.6%) was unimproved. Thus, Basti Chikitsa manifested promising results for the management of Asrigdara, although hormonal pill manifested better cycle but for shorter duration.
Conceptual Study of Garbhini Paricharya as per Harita Samhita
Authors: Ekta  , Seema Shukla
Published: November 2021

God has blessed the females with most valuable gift of motherhood. Ayurveda is the science which offers a specific routine to the pregnant woman and systematic supervision known as Garbhini Paricharya as pregnant woman’s diet and activities performed during the period of pregnancy reflect on the fetus. Hence in Ayurveda, our Acharyas have given great emphasis on Garbhini Paricharya or Antenatal care. Acharyas have thrown an immense light on the concept of type of diet, behaviour, conduct, medications during pregnancy that a pregnant woman should follow and avoid, known as Garbhini Paricharya. Basic objective of Garbhini Paricharya depicted in Ayurveda is to achieve a healthy progeny as well as to ensure the good health of mother and fetus during the period of pregnancy, during labor and in the postpartum period. In this paper we have described the monthly dietary regimen and lifestyle for whole nine months of pregnancy that is essential for the wellbeing of the growing fetus and pregnant woman according to Harita Samhita as well as the scientific aspects of the antenatal care. As antenatal care should be done in an integrated way i.e., as per modern science and as mentioned in Ayurvedic classics.
ALKOL, UYUŞTURUCU VEYA UYARICI MADDELERİN ETKİSİ ALTINDA ARAÇ SÜRME YASAĞI
Authors: SAĞLAM Kadir
Published: December 2021

Karayollarında meydana gelen trafik kazalarının farklı nedenleri bulunmakta, bu kazaların en önemli nedenlerinin başında da alkol veya uyuşturucu madde etkisi altında araç sürme gelmektedir. Trafik kazalarını önlemek amacıyla alkol veya uyuşturucu madde etkisi altında araç sürmek, 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanunu'nun 48. maddesi ile yasaklanmıştır. Yapılan bu düzenleme çalışmamızın konusunu oluşturmakta ve çalışmamız iki kısımdan oluşmaktadır. Birinci kısımda trafik mevzuatındaki düzenlemeler ve uygulamadaki bazı sorunlar yargı kararları ile birlikte kısaca değerlendirilecek; ikinci kısımda vücuttan örnek alma uygulamasının şartları ile hukuka uygunluk durumu irdelenecektir.