bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Perception of Induction System on Headteachers and Assistance on Public Basic School in West Mamprusi Municipality in the Northeast Region of Ghana
Authors: Surazu Mohammed Mutala
Published: November 2021

The study was conducted to investigate the perception of induction system on public basic schools in the West Mamprusi Municipal in the Northeast Region. The objectives of the study were to find out some of the training and induction  programs that are organized in basic schools in the study area, determine the causes of ineffective induction programs organized in  basic schools in the study area and to ascertain the perception of induction programs on teaching and learning in  basic schools in the study area. The researcher used descriptive survey design to collect quantitative data for the study. The targeted population was one hundred and twenty 120 head teachers and assistant head teachers of the public basic schools in the West Mamprusi Municipality. Based on the findings, some other induction programs organized in some of the schools include; training on the use of methodologies in teaching, training on guidance and mentoring new teachers, training on school and community relationship, health and safety training, training on GES code of ethics and training on lesson plan preparation. Based on the findings it can be concluded that induction programs supports and mitigates teacher attrition, increases career commitment, and contributes to retention through meeting teachers' personal and professional needs which also include improvement in professional growth and development, effective integration of new employees to the organization and providing new teachers with training tools and Other needs. Also working conditions play a significant role in teacher career satisfaction and commitment as the findings depicted.
Understanding the Allied Health Professions Student Experience of Practice Placements during the First Wave of the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Marchant Julie
Published: November 2021

In England, a national lockdown came into effect on 23 March 2020 in response to the rapid spread of the Coronavirus. Healthcare services were quickly redesigned or scaled back to meet the significant and rising demands. Many practice placements were discontinued, which resulted in large numbers of Allied Health Professions (AHPs) pre-registration students requiring placements to meet the required practice hours. The challenge for placement providers, who were experiencing increased demand and uncertainty, was to continue providing quality placements. At the local trust, 58 AHP students had a placement between April and July 2020. Some clinical areas offered traditional placements. However due to social distancing rules many placements utilised blended practice; using aspects of both direct face-to-face and remote practice. It is important to understand the student experience in anticipation of future surges of Coronavirus. In total, 36 students responded to a placement survey. Results showed the majority of the students reported positive placement experiences overall. Despite the ever-changing placement landscape and the need for flexibility, it is important to ensure that placements are well planned and that students are well informed about the safety measures in place. It is vital that student’s feel welcomed and valued in order to learn and reach their full potential whilst on placement. The use of a blended placement model provided valuable learning experiences, however consideration needs to be given to ensure that students feel part of the team and have confidence that their learning needs are met.
Basic considerations on magnesium in the management of neurocritical patients
Authors: Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Padilla-Durán Teddy Javier , González-Monterroza Jhon Jairo , Aguilar-Espinosa Daniel Alfonso , Molina-Perea Kelly Nathalia , Camargo-Martinez William , Llamas-Medrano Luz , Hurtado-Pinillos Mariana , Guerrero-Mejía Alejandra , Janjua Tariq , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael
Published: November 2021

Magnesium is an essential chemical element in human life. In the brain, it is physiologically responsible for a large number of processes involved in intracellular homeostasis, blood-brain barrier integrity, protein synthesis, neuronal proliferation, aging, and apoptosis. Considering that neurocritical care is a relatively new discipline in certain regions of the world and is an independent protective factor of neurological diseases in critical care, it is essential to disseminate basic concepts and utilities of tools that can positively impact the neurological disease burden. Magnesium and its use in neurocritical care are poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to review basic concepts regarding the physiology of magnesium in neurological dynamics, its role in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, and the outcome of its use in the management of neurocritical illnesses.
Wpływ warunków atmosferycznych na zdarzenia drogowe na przykładzie województwa łódzkiego
Authors: Ścieszko Joanna , Papiernik Żaneta
Published: November 2021

W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano wpływ zjawisk atmosferycznych na zdarze-nia drogowe w województwie łódzkim w latach 2007‒2011. Dane, które posłużyły do analizy pochodzą ze strony internetowej www.ncdc.noaa.gov i odnoszą się do stacji Łódź-Lublinek, gdyż jest ona uznawana za najbardziej reprezentatywną dla całego województwa. Dane dotyczące liczby wypadków i kolizji pochodzą z bazy Komendy Powiatowej Policji w Zgierzu. Analiza ukazała, że w badanym pięcioleciu niesprzyjające warunki meteorologiczne odpowiadały za niewielki procent wypadków i kolizji. Wysoka liczba zdarzeń drogowych wystąpiła w dniach ze znaczną zmianą średniego dobowego ciśnienia atmosferycznego oraz kiedy pojawiły się opady deszczu i deszczu ze śniegiem, przede wszystkim po dłuższym okresie bezopadowym. Wszystkie minima wystąpiły w dzień wolny od pracy, a więc sprzyjało im niewielkie natężenie ruchu drogowego. Trudno jest jednoznacznie stwierdzić, które z elementów biometeorologicznych będą bezwzględnie odpowiadać za wzrost liczby zdarzeń drogowych, ponieważ do wypadków i kolizji dochodzi na skutek złożoności wielu procesów. Jest to także zmienność natężenia ruchu drogowego, stan techniczny pojazdu, nadmierna prędkość, nieudzielenie pierwszeństwa przejazdu i inne.
A AQUISIÇÃO DA PROPRIEDADE PELA BOA-FÉ E OS DESAFIOS DA JURISPRUDÊNCIA
Authors: Araújo Fábio Caldas de
Published: November 2021

A boa-fé assume papelo fundamental no sistema jurídico atual tanto no direito processual como no direito material. Na seara dos direitos reais, a boa-fé tornou-se fonte imediata de aquisição da propriedade, o que exige nova reflexão da doutrina e da jurisprudência.
Penyakit Parkinson: Tinjauan Tentang Salah Satu Penyakit Neurodegeneratif yang Paling Umum
Authors: Alia Safia , Hidayati Hanik Badriyah , Hamdan Muhammad , Nugraha Priya , Fahmi Achmad , Turchan Agus , Haryono Yudha
Published: November 2021

Penyakit Parkinson (PP) adalah penyakit neurodegeneratif paling umum ke dua yang melibatkan hilangnya neuron dopaminergik di otak tengah yang menyebabkan gejala motorik dan nonmotorik pada pasien yang mengalaminya. Gejala motorik ini dapat dikelola dan dikendalikan dalam  jangka waktu tertentu dengan menggunakan obat-obatan seperti levodopa. PP mempengaruhi jutaan orang di seluruh dunia, oleh karena itu tinjauan pustaka tinjauan pustaka tentang PP menjadi penting dan kami akan menyampaikan berbagai hal penting dari PP mulai dari patofisiologi hingga tindakan pengobatan baik medikamentosa maupun tindakan intervensi.
Estudios sobre la corrección de la disgrafía caligráfica en escolares con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Santana del Sol Yisel , LLópiz Guerra Karel , Sugasty Medina Marilyn Oderay , Gonzales-Sánchez Aracelli , Valqui Oxolon José Mercedes
Published: November 2021

En este artículo se realiza un estudio teórico relacionado con la corrección de la disgrafía caligráfica, así como las características de los escolares con discapacidad intelectual con este tipo de trastorno. Se revisaron teorías y concepciones existentes acerca de la corrección de la digrafía caligráfica, identificando las fallas o síntomas que presentan estos escolares con discapacidad intelectual. Para una educación con calidad, resulta conveniente señalar, la importancia que reviste la atención educativa integral al escolar con necesidad educativa especial en la comunicación escrita, de ahí la necesidad de prepararlo en la corrección de los trastornos de escritura, que necesitan de métodos y alternativas especializadas, en función de su desarrollo.
CONTACT INTERACTION OF DISCRETE-CONTINUALLY STRENGTHENED PARTS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Authors: Tkachuk М.А. , Kravchenko S. O. , Grabovskiy A. V. , Tkachuk М.М. , Veretelnik O. V. , Kutsenko S. V. , Klochkov I. E. , Saverska M. S.
Published: November 2021

Studies of the stress-strain state of discrete-continuously strengthening parts of internal combustion engines are described in the paper. A parametric model of a microcell containing a two-part cell has been developed. The first part simulates a fragment of an aluminum part with a surface corundum layer. The second part is a fragment of a cast iron part with a zone of discrete strengthening of steel. Vary: modulus of elasticity of the corundum layer material and the shape of the discrete hardening zone. The dependences of the strength and stiffness characteristics of the studied system on the varied parameters are established. They are the basis for substantiation of rational modes of technology of discrete-continuous strengthening of parts of internal combustion engines.

In the course of research, it was found that previously determined for discrete strengthening, the effects of a favourable redistribution of contact interaction between parts are preserved for discrete-continuous strengthening. The characteristic dependences of the features of the stress-strain state of the elements of discrete-continuously strengthening parts on the varied properties of the surface layers of the continuously strengthened part, on the one hand, and the shape of the discrete strengthening zone, on the other, are determined. This makes it possible to determine the sensitivity of the characteristics to purposeful or random variation of these factors. It is also expedient to set and solve optimization problems to determine such modes of technological operation of discrete-continuous strengthening, which increase the characteristics of strength, durability, efficiency of internal combustion engines and other machines, units and assemblies containing such strengthened parts.

The developed approach, models and research methods will be further applied to studies of the stress-strain state of contacting discrete-continuously strengthened parts of structures to improve the technical and tactical and technical characteristics of products of machine-building enterprises.
PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SAVING PROJECTS BASED ON THE MARKOVITS THEORY
Authors: Kiyko S. , Deineha L. , Basanets M. , Kamienskyi D. , Didenko A.
Published: November 2021

The goal of the work was to identify research and compare methods of portfolio management of energy saving projects and to develop software for optimizing portfolio investments using several methods. The key elements and strategies of creating an effective investment portfolio are considered: diversification, rebalancing, active portfolio management, passive portfolio management.

Given the basic principles of investment theory, the task of portfolio investment is to form an investment portfolio with known shares of certain assets to maximize returns and minimize risk. To solve this problem, the method of Harry Markowitz, known as modern portfolio theory, was chosen. This is the theory of financial investment, in which statistical methods are used to make the most profitable risk distribution of the securities portfolio and income valuation, its components are asset valuation, investment decisions, portfolio optimization, evaluation of results. From a mathematical point of view, the problem of forming an optimal portfolio is the problem of optimizing a quadratic function (finding the minimum) with linear constraints on the arguments of the function.

Methods of optimization of portfolios of energy saving projects taking into account the specifics of the subject area are analyzed. According to the results of the analysis, the methods of finding the maximum Sharpe’s ratio and the minimum volatility from randomly generated portfolios were chosen.

A software application has been developed that allows you to download data, generate random portfolios and optimize them with selected methods. A graphical display of portfolio optimization results has also been implemented. The program was tested on data on shares of energy saving companies. The graphs built by the program allow the operator to better assess the created portfolio of the energy saving project.
HUBUNGAN KEBERSYUKURAN DENGAN TEACHER WELL-BEING PADA GURU YANG MENGAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR INKLUSI
Authors: Issom Fitri Lestari , Nadia Zulfa
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebersyukuran dengan teacher well-being pada guru yang mengajar di sekolah dasar inklusi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 185 orang guru sekolah dasar inklusi yang didapat dengan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel kebersyukuran diukur dengan menggunakan The Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6) yang dikembangkan oleh McCullough, Emmons, dan Tsang (2002) dan variabel teacher well-being diukur menggunakan Teacher Well-Being Scale (TWBS) yang dikembangkan oleh Collie et al., (2015). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan ke arah positif kebersyukuran dengan teacher well-being pada guru yang mengajar di sekolah dasar inklusi. Hubungan positif antara kebersyukuran dengan teacher well-being diartikan sebagai semakin tinggi kebersyukuran maka akan semakin tinggi pula teacher well-being pada guru yang mengajar di sekolah dasar inklusi.
Analisis penentu biaya kesulitan keuangan
Authors: Hendi Hendi , Jessica Jessica
Published: November 2021

Empirical studies aims to prove that the selected independent and control variables are indicators of determining the cost of financial distress. The object of research is all public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) which are classified into 8 (eight) sectors, except for the financial sector. Data analysis uses Panel Regression analysis on secondary data samples obtained from the company's annual financial statements for the period of 2016-2020. The findings found that there is a significant negative effect between change in investment, return on assets and firm size on the cost of financial distress. The variables of probability of financial distress, holding of liquid assets, liquidity ratio, change in employment, leverage, return on equity, tobin's q, average profitability of its sector do not have a significant relationship to the cost of financial distress. Recommendations for future researchers are suggested for future research coverage not to occur during a pandemic. It is advisable for the next research to separate research that occurred during the pandemic period or the time range during normal conditions so that the sample comparison is fairer.
Development of Prognostic Model Based on Five-gene Related to Tumor Mutation Burden in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shujun Zhou , Li Qingling , Yu Bin , Ye Qifa , Wang Yanfeng
Published: November 2021

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) , the incidence rate ranks sixth and regards as the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) , a novel biomarker featured with microsatellite instability, has been thought to be closely related to tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy.MethodsIn this study, the 357 HCC samples were download from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed.ResultsSingle nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and C > T variation had the most missense mutations, and we also observed the higher mutation frequency in TP53, TTN, CTNNB1. With an optimal cut-off value of 4.61, the high level of TMB presented a worse prognosis. Functional analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed they were enriched in the pathway of the formation of extracellular matrix organization and sulfur compound metabolic. A 5-gene-based (including SFRP4, IL7R, FBLN2, COLEC10 and CHGA) model has been constructed to explore the independent prognosis capacity of each HCC patient.ConclusionsThe establishment of 5-gene-based prognosis model functions well in predicting the median of 1- , 3- and 5-year outcome of the individual patient and which will be beneficial for pre-clinical diagnosis and therapeutic decision-making.
Effect of Temperature On Re-entrant Condensation of Globular Protein in Presence of Tri-Valent Ions
Authors: Pandit Subhankar , Kundu Sarathi
Published: November 2021

Globular proteins play several essential roles in functioning different mechanisms of the living organisms, and the stability of such protein molecules in an aqueous solution is strongly affected by multivalent ions. In this article, we have systematically studied the effect of temperature (between 5 and 25ºC) on the re-entrant condensation behaviour of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of trivalent ions, Yttrium (Y3+), and Lanthanum (La3+). The effect of temperature is explained considering the optical properties of the protein, i.e., from the optical absorption and emission behaviours. The absorption in the visible region and the fluorescence emission of BSA becomes maximum at the lowest temperature. The decrement of mobility at lower temperature is responsible for fluorescence enhancement. Moreover, the activation energy of the turbid or viscus phase of the BSA protein under re-entrant condensation is enhanced in comparison with the transparent phase and the corresponding energy value is estimated from the fluorescence study.
Development and Validation of a Predictive Score and Application of Ultrasound for Difficult Caudal Epidural Blockade in Adult Patients：A Prospective Study
Authors: Zhao Jialian , Xie Guohao , Chu Lihua , Song Shengwen , Wang Ya , Lai Dengming , Cheng Baoli , Fang Xiangming
Published: November 2021

Background: We aimed to develop a predictive difficult caudal epidural blockade (pDCEB) model when ultrasound was not available and verify the role of ultrasound in difficult caudal epidural blockade(CEB).Methods: This study consisted of three phases. First, we prospectively enrolled 202 patients and assessed risk factors to develop the predictive scoring system. Second, we enrolled 87 patients to validate it. Third, we enrolled 68 patients with a high risk of difficult CEB (pDCEB score ≥ 3) and randomized them into ultrasound and landmark groups to verify the role of ultrasound. Result: The rate of difficult CEB was 14.98% overall 289 patients. We found a correlation of unclear palpation of the sacral hiatus (OR 9.688) and cornua (OR 4.725), number of the sacral hiatus by palpation ≥ 1 (OR 4.451), and history of difficult CEB (OR 39.282) with higher possibility of difficult CEB. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the pDCEB model involving the aforementioned factors was 0.889 (95% CI, 0.827-0.952) in the development cohort and 0.862 (95% CI, 0.747-0.977) in the validation cohort. For patients with a pDCEB score ≥ 3, pre-procedure ultrasound scan could reduce the incidence of difficult CEB. Conclusion: This novel pDCEB score, which takes into account palpation of the sacral hiatus/cornua, number of the sacral hiatus by palpation ≥ 1, and history of difficult CEB, showed a good predictive ability of difficult CEB. The findings suggested that performing an ultrasound scan is essential for patients with a pDCEB score ≥ 3. 4 Trial registration: No: ChiCTR1800018871, Site url: https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=31875&htm=4
Access to Reproductive Health Care Services among African Women Living in Beijing: Understanding the Challenges
Authors: Asuamah Mavis Adu , Boateng Raymond
Published: November 2021

A growing body of research has explored the health care experiences of African migrants in China. However, within this body of research, there is a lacuna on access to reproductive health care among African women within this population. The study adopted semi-structured interviews in exploring the challenges to reproductive health care services among African women in Beijing. Results indicate that African women face multiple barriers to accessing reproductive health care. In particular, the absence of reproductive health education and awareness, discriminatory immigration policy, discontentment with health care services, and language barrier were the key challenging factors identified. The study recommends the implementation of secure and equitable policies that cater for the need of minority groups in a multicultural context.
Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1 Mediates Cell Cycle Arrest In The S Phase
Authors: Liu Yuanzhi , Li Yanglin , Wang Mingshu , Cheng Anchun , Ou Xumin , Mao Sai , Sun Di , Wu Ying , Yang Qiao , Jia Renyong , Tian Bin , Zhang Shaqiu , Zhu Dekang , Chen Shun , Liu Mafeng , Zhao Xinxin , Huang Juan , Gao Qun , Yu Yanling , Zhang Ling
Published: November 2021

Background: Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is one of the most serious pathogens endangering the duck industry. However, there are few studies on the regulation of the cell cycle by DHAV-1.Methods: In this study, flow cytometry was applied to analyze the effect of DHAV-1 infection on the cell cycle of duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs). Subsequently, we analyzed the effects of cell cycle phases on DHAV-1 replication by real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (real-time RT-qPCR).Results: Flow cytometry data analysis found that DEFs in the S phase increased by 25.85% and 54.21% at 24h and 48h after DHAV-1 infection, respectively. The levels of viral RNA detected by real-time RT-qPCR were higher in the DEFs with synchronization in the S phase or G0/G1 phase than in the control group. However, there was no difference in viral copy number between the G2/M phase arrest and control groups. In addition, nonstructural protein 3D of DHAV-1 significantly increased cells in the S phase, indicating that 3D protein is one of the reasons for the cell cycle arrest in the S phase.Conclusions: In summary, DHAV-1 infection induces the cell cycle of DEFs to be arrested in the S phase. Both S phase and G0/G1 phase synchronization facilitate the replication of DHAV-1, and 3D protein is one of the reasons for the S phase arrest.
All-optical control of pendular qubit states with nonresonant two-color laser pulses.
Authors: Mun Je Hoi , Shinichirou Minemoto , Kim Dong Eon , Sakai Hirofumi
Published: November 2021

Practical methodologies for quantum qubit controls are established by two prerequisites, i.e., preparation of a well-defined initial quantum state and coherent control of that quantum state.
Here we propose a new type of quantum control method, realized by irradiating nonresonant nanosecond two-color ($\omega$ and 2$\omega$) laser pulses to molecules in the pendular (field-dressed) ground state.
The two-color field nonadiabatically splits the initial pendular ground state $\vert\tilde{0},\tilde{0}\rangle$ to a superposition state of $\vert\tilde{0},\tilde{0}\rangle$ and $\vert\tilde{1},\tilde{0}\rangle$, whose relative probability amplitudes can be controlled by the peak intensity of one wavelength component ($\omega$) while the peak intensity of the other component (2$\omega$) is fixed.
The splitting of the quantum paths is evidenced by observing degrees of orientation of ground-state-selected OCS molecules by the velocity map imaging technique. This quantum control method is highly advantageous in that any type of polar molecules can be controlled regardless of the molecular parameters, such as rotational energy, permanent dipole moment, polarizability, hyperpolarizability, and hyperfine energy structures.
Characterization and Establishment of a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Pepper
Authors: Hao Kaiqiang , Gu Ming , Yang Miaoren , Gao Xinran , Xia Zihao , An Mengnan , Wang Zhiping , Zhao Xiuxiang , Wu Yuanhua
Published: November 2021

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most economically destructive and scientifically challenging plant viruses, which has seriously affected the production of commercial crops. At present, there is no effective strategy to control this virus. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rapid and simple method to detect TSWV, which is of great significance to prevent its spread. In this study, an isolate of TSWV (TSWV-LNTL) infecting pepper from Liaoning Province of northeast China was obtained. A phylogenetic tree based on neighbor-joining using coat protein (CP) gene was established. A rapid method for detecting TSWV by recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) was established. The phylogenetic tree based on the nucleotide sequences of coat protein (CP) genes of different TSWV isolates showed that the genetic relationship of TSWV-LNTL was most closely related to that of TSWV-LX-Lettuce-12 (Yunnan) and TSWV-TSHL (Shandong) isolates in China. It can be finished at 39 °C for 20 min and then purified by heating at 65 °C for 10 min. The RPA primers were highly specific and no cross-reactivity was detected with other selected viruses infecting pepper. The results of sensitivity test revealed that the detection limit of RPA is 1.0 × 103 copies/μL, which was tenfold lower than that of PCR method. In addition, the RPA method was successfully applied to detect TSWV in field samples. These results reported the occurrence of TSWV on crop in Liaoning Province of northeast China and demonstrated that the established RPA assay provided an effective molecular diagnostic tool for the accurate and rapid detection of TSWV to prevent its spread.
Incisional Hernia Prevention By Modification of The Abdominal Wall Closure Technique: Systematic Review And Meta-analysis
Authors: Hernández Edgard Efren Lozada , Bonilla Juan Pablo Hernandez , Ugarte Diego Hinojosa , Garcia Miguel Magdaleno , Gonzalez Juan Carlos Mayagoitia , Vazquez Luis Abraham Zuñiga , Moreno Enrique Obregon , Reyna Juan Ramon Varela , Herevia Aldo Edyair Jimenez
Published: November 2021

Background: Incisional hernia (IH) is the main complication after laparotomy. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of closure technique modification (CTM) for reducing the incidence of IH to provide objective support for its recommendation.Methods: A meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The primary objective was to determine the incidence of IH, and the secondary objective was to determine the incidence of acute evisceration and postoperative complications. Only published clinical trials were included. The risk of bias was analyzed, and the random effects model was used to determine statistical significance.Results: Nine studies comparing 2,612 patients were inclued. The incidence of IH was significantly lower in the CTM group than in the control group, with an OR of 0.39 (95% CI 0.26-0.57). The incidence of acute postoperative evisceration was also reduced, with an OR of 0.46 (95% CI 0.23-0.92). Associated complications, including hematoma, seroma, and postoperative pain, could not be analyzed; however, CTM did not increase the risk of surgical site infection.Conclusion: CTM for midline laparotomy significantly reduces the incidence of IH compared to conventional closure. Limitations of the analysis included differences in follow-up, patient selection, diagnostic methods, and the reporting of postoperative complications among the studies.Funding Information: No funding was received.Registration: This study was prospectively registered in the PROSPERO database under registration number CRD42021231107.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Hydrazone Linkage-Based Aryl Sulfonate Derivatives as Apoptosis Inducers
Authors: şenkardeş sevil , Han M.İhsan , Gürboğa Merve , Özakpınar Özlem Bingöl , Küçükgüzel Ş. Güniz
Published: November 2021

In the present study, the various 28 hybrid molecules containing hydrazone and sulfonate moiety were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy and LC-MS spectrometry, besides elemental analysis. The compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative effects against six cancer cell lines, namely A549 (non-small cell lung cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer), HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma cancer), PC-3 (androgen-independent prostate adenocarcinoma), Hep3B (hepatocellular carcinoma cancer), and HeLa (epitheloid cervix carcinoma cancer). Among all the target compounds, compounds 4g and 4h exhibited more promising effects on MCF-7 cell lines (IC50=17.8 mM and 21.2 mM, respectively) with high selectivity. Further mechanistic studies proposed that compounds 4g and 4h induced apoptosis is mediated through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway with changes in mitochondrial membrane potential by finally activating caspase-9 and caspase-3. The results have been encouraging enough to merit further investigation.
Survey On Disclosing Information To Children With Genetic Conditions And Their Siblings In Japan
Authors: Kaneko Mikiko , Oba Daijyu , Ohashi Hirofumi
Published: November 2021

Many parents face the dilemma of when, how, and what to disclose to their children regarding their genetic conditions. The purpose of this study was to learn about the experiences of parents regarding disclosing information to their children with genetic conditions.Methods: A questionnaire was sent to 378 parents of children and adolescents with the following genetic conditions: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Noonan syndrome, Russell-Silver syndrome, Kabuki syndrome, Williams syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Sotos syndrome. Findings were analyzed using descriptive statistics for multiple-choice questions and thematic analysis for open-ended questions.Results: Of the parents surveyed, 158 (41.8 %) responded to the questionnaires. The average age of children with genetic conditions was 12 years. Sixty-seven parents had disclosed relevant information to their children, whereas 91 had not. Sixty-eight out of 91 respondents were planning to disclose information in the future. Many respondents who had disclosed information did not regret this. They felt good talking about genetic conditions, and had talked about genetic conditions with the affected children following disclosure.Conclusion: This study contributed to our understanding of the attitudes of parents towards disclosing information to children with genetic conditions.
Pancreatic Safety of DPP-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Millitus—Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhao Quanlin , Dong Youzi , Li Baohua , Ning Bobiao
Published: November 2021

Background: Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitor (DPP-4i) is a common hypoglycemic medication in treating type 2 diabetes millitus (T2DM). It has become widely utilized in clinical practice due to its ability to effectively manage blood glucose while posing a low risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. However, there is no consensus on DPP-4i's pancreatic safety due to a paucity of clinical evidence. The safe event appears to be easily overlooked. This review aims to evaluate the pancreatic safety of DPP-4i in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using the standard pairwise and network meta-analysis (NMA) methods.Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be used to search for published literature and clinical trial registries (such as www.ClinicalTrials.gov) will be used to look for unpublished trials. English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen literature for eligibility, extract available data, and assess the risk of bias. All divergences will be resolved after rechecking the source papers and further discussion among the reviewers with a complete consensus before inclusion. Pancreatic safety events involving acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer will be the primary outcome. The secondary result will be the change in pancreatic enzyme from the baseline. A random-effects model will be used for pairwise meta-analysis with a 95% confidence interval, and Bayesian network meta-analysis will be conducted between the various interventions.Discussion: This systematic review and network meta-analysis will evaluate the pancreatic safety of DPP-4i in patients with type 2 diabetes millitus. The findings of this study may supplement the evidence-based information on DPP-4i, improve existing understanding of this issue, and assist patients and clinicians in making better treatment decisions by raising their awareness of the problem. Systematic review registration: submitted in PROSPERO, 31 August 2021
Productivity Impact of Climate Change on Primary Export Commodity in Africa
Authors: Gebrehiwot Berihu Assefa , Weldesilassie Alebel B.
Published: November 2021

Using a large household survey dataset and climate data, we estimated and analyzed the productivity impact of climate change on two strategic export commodities, cotton, and sugarcane, in Ethiopia. The productivity impact revealed that it is likely that climate change will significantly reduce the productivity of sugarcane and cotton. In addition, net revenue from sugarcane and cotton will also be reduced due to an increase in annual and seasonal temperature as well as changes in mean annual and seasonal rainfall. We have presented results for various climate scenarios and seasons. We also found that non–climate drivers of vulnerability such as gender, education, access to extension services and credit, technology use, access to land and non – farm income, and natural assets will exacerbate the negative impacts of climate change.
Identification of Key Genes and Competitive Endogenous RNA Network Construction in Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Dinglong Yang , Shuai Chen , Yujing Chen , Beiyang Wang , Guohao Zhang , Zhiqiang Zhang
Published: November 2021

Background: Despite cumulative evidence shows osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) could result in the progressive collapse of the femoral head. The pathogenesis of ONFH remains unclear. Early ONFH is difficult to diagnose due to the lack of effective biomarkers. Method: In Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we searched the Microarray datasets for serum (GSE123568) in ONFH and normal controls to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by R software. The enrichment analyses were performed to enrich pathways of DEGs. Protein–protein interaction (PPI), miRNA-mRNA co-expression, ceRNA networks were constructed using Cytoscape to identity top15 hub genes, target miRNAs of hub genes and potential regulatory pathways. Furthermore, hub genes validated in GSE74089 with high diagnostic value for ONFH were selected as key genes. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and Bgee Database were used to find out the subcellular and tissue distribution of key genes.Results: A total of 568 DEGs were identified between 30 ONFH samples and 10 normal controls. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that DEGs are mostly enriched in innate immune responses, thrombosis and signal transduction. Fifteen hub genes were identified by PPI network using Cytoscape. The 15 hub genes were almost all positively correlated with each other. The expression of PLEK (P＜0.001), TLR2 (P＜0.05), and TREM1 (P＜0.001) were validated in dataset GSE74089 and they had high diagnostic value (AUC＞0.8) for ONFH. MALAT1-miR-146b-5p-TLR2, MALAT1-miR-664b-3p-PLEK, NORAD-miR-106b-5p-TLR2, and MSMO1-miR-106b-5p-TLR2 might be potential RNA regulatory pathways in the disease progression of ONFH. PLEK mainly expressed in nucleus, TREM1 in dictyosome, and TLR2 in nucleoplasm and mitochondria.Conclusions: In this study, we found that PLEK, TLR2, and TREM1 might be potential biomarkers in diagnostic and play a vital role in the progression of ONFH.
A nomogram for predicting overall survival in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma: A population-based analysis
Authors: Wang Miao , Qiu Ye , Tang Fang , Liu Yi-Xin , Li Yi , Wang Xu-Long , Li Shi-Yi , He Li , Zhang Bo-Yu , Liang Wen-Jing , Wei Yongchang
Published: November 2021

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine skin cancer with increasing incidence and poor prognosis. We sought to develop and validate a nomogram to estimate overall survival (OS) of MCC patients. Methods: 1863 MCC patients between 2010-2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database were randomly divided into the training and validation cohort. Independent prognostic factors determined by Cox regression analysis in the training cohort were used to establish a nomogram. We evaluated prognostic performance using the concordance index (C-index), area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration curves. Decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to compared the the nomogram’s clinical utility with that of the staging system.Results: eight independent prognostic factors were incorporated in the nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.744, which was superior to the C-index of AJCC TNM Stage (0.659). The AUC was greater than 0.75 and the calibration plots of this model exhibited good performance. Additionally, the positive NRI and IDI of nomogram versus the staging system illustrated that the nomogram had better predictive accuracy than the staging system (P<0.001) and the DCA showed great clinical usefulness of the nomogram. MCC patients were perfectly classified into three risk groups by the nomogram, showing better discrimination than the staging system.Conclusions: We developed and validated a nomogram to assist clinicians in evaluating prognosis of MCC patients.
Effect of Footwear on Running Impact Loading in the Preschool Years
Authors: Plesek Jan , Hamill Joseph , Blaschova Denisa , Silvernail Julia Freedman , Jandacka Daniel
Published: November 2021

Background
Previous research indicated that running barefoot or in minimalist shoes led to lower impact loading in an adolescent and adult population. Running as fundamental locomotor skill significantly develops during early childhood (preschool age). However, no study has focused on effect of footwear condition on lower limb impact loading during running in this age. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess effect of footwear conditions (barefoot, minimalist and standard running shoes) on running impact loading in the preschool years.
Methods
Fourty-eight habitually shod preschool children were divided into 4 age groups. Children performed simple running game in 3 different footwear conditions (random counter-balanced order), 3-dimensional biomechanical analysis were carried out during overground running. The key dependent variables included vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) and vertical instantaneous loading rate (VILR). Statistical parametric mapping was performed to reveal possible differences in VGRF and one-way repeated measures ANOVA in VILR.
Results
Three-year-old children displayed significantly lower impact peak of VGRF in barefoot condition compared to minimalist (3-7% stance, P = 0.012) and standard running shoes (7-11% stance, P = 0.009). Furthermore, in 3-year-old in minimalist shoes had higher loading than in standard running shoes (0-4% stance, P = 0.007). There were also differences in VILR, where 3-year-old had lower loading in barefoot than in minimalist (P = 0.010, d = 1.19) or standard running shoes (P = 0.045, d = 0.98). No differences were found in older children.
Conclusion
Running in minimalist shoes did not imitate barefoot running and did not lower impact forces compared to standard running shoes in 3-year-old children. On the contrary, increased loading was observed in minimalist shoes in early running developmental stages. Professionals who work with children should consider effect of minimalist shoes on impact loading (running on hard surfaces).
The Use of Wavelet Transform To Evaluate The Sensitivity of Acoustic Emission Attributes To Variation of Cutting Parameters in Milling Aluminium Alloys
Authors: Asadi Reza , Anahid Mohamad Javad , Heydarnia Hoda , Mehmanparast Hedayeh , Niknam Seyed Ali
Published: November 2021

Appropriate acquisition and assessment of the dominant acoustic emission (AE) signal attributes generated under various experimental cutting conditions may provide significant knowledge. Consequently, it enhances the efficiency in manufacturing process monitoring and control. However, according to the literature, a lack of information was noticed on the behavior of AE signal attributes under various cutting conditions. Considering that milling is among the most widely used machining operations, the aim of this investigation is to acquire adequate knowledge about interactions between cutting parameters and their direct and indirect effects on the obtained AE signals attributes from the milling process. In the course of this work, the effects of cutting conditions on the attributes calculated from wavelet transform (WT) of AE signals will be presented. WT signal processing was conducted with five models of mother wavelets, and appropriate decomposition numbers were deployed. The approximated signal attributes obtained from each decomposition were assessed. According to signal processing and statistical calculations, cutting speed, feed rate, and coating significantly impacted the variation of AE signal attributes. Also, the most sensitive AE signal attributes and decompositions were rms, std, entropy and energy, and 2nd and 6th decompositions, respectively. The outcome of this work can be integrated into advanced artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to implement real-time monitoring of manufacturing processes.
Clinical Significance and Regulatory Network of Mast Cells in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Zhen , Luo Bin , Duan Pengfei , Yang Han , Lin Peng
Published: November 2021

Background The role and upstream regulation of mast cells (a crucial constituent of the tumor immune microenvironment) in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. Methods Using CIBERSORT, we analyzed the expression profile downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Next, using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and enrichment analysis, we identified upstream regulators of mast cells. Finally, we verified their relevance using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Results Among patients with early-stage LUAD, those with high mast cell infiltration levels had a better prognosis, and mast cell infiltration levels were closely associated with the mutation status of TP53, STK11 and EGFR. CAMK2D, AURKA, AURKB, PLK1 and EZH2 showed strong correlations with mast cell infiltration and a key growth factor of mast cells (KITLG), and these 5 regulators were closely correlated with the survival of patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusion Mast cells play a protective role in patients with early-stage LUAD. We speculate that CAMK2D, AURKA, AURKB, PLK1 and EZH2 promote or inhibit the infiltration of mast cells in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma tissues by regulating KITLG, likely serving as novel targets in immunotherapy for LUAD.
The Role of Pre-operative MRI For Prediction of High-Grade Intracranial Meningioma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lekhavat Vitit , Radeesri Kan
Published: November 2021

Introduction: High histological grade (WHO grade II and III) intracranial meningiomas have been linked to greater risk for tumor recurrence and worse clinical outcomes compared to low-grade (WHO grade I) tumors. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a crucial role tumor evaluation prior to decisions regarding management and allows for a better understanding of the tumor grading, which could potentially alter clinical outcomes. The present study sought to determine whether preoperative MRI features of intracranial meningiomas can serve as predictors of high-grade tumors.Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 327 confirmed cases of intracranial meningiomas, among whom 210 (64.2%) had available preoperative MRI studies. Thereafter, data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses.Results: Accordingly, multivariate analysis found that peritumoral brain edema and the presence of necrosis or hemorrhage were predictors of high-grade tumors, whereas hyperostosis was a predictor of low-grade tumors.Conclusions: Our study suggested that preoperative MRI features could potentially assist in decision-making regarding the appropriate management and surgical approach in order to achieve the desired clinical outcomes.
Novel Lung Targeting Cell Penetrating Peptides as Vectors for Delivery of Therapeutics
Authors: Zahid Maliha , McCandless Kayla , Mishra Sanjay , Stiltner Jeffrey , Feldman Kyle , Yagi Hisato , Yurko Raymond , Islam Kazi , Brown Jonathan , Frizzell Raymond
Published: November 2021

Cell penetrating peptides are unique, 5-30 amino acid long peptides that are able to breach cell membrane barriers and carry cargoes intracellularly in a functional form. Our prior work identified a synthetic, non-naturally occurring 12-amino acid long peptide that we termed cardiac targeting peptide (CTP: APWHLSSQYSRT) due to its ability to transduce cardiomyocytes in vivo. Studies looking into its mechanism of transduction identified two lung targeting peptides (LTPs), S7A (APWHLSAQYSRT) and R11A (APWHLSSQYSAT). These peptides robustly transduced human bronchial epithelial cell lines in vitro and mouse lung tissue in vivo. This uptake occurred independently of clathrin mediated endocytosis. Biodistribution studies of R11A showed peak uptake at 15 minutes with uptake in liver but not kidneys, indicating primarily a hepatobiliary mode of excretion. Cyclic version of both peptides was ~100-fold more efficient in permeating cells than their linear counterparts. As proof of principle, we conjugated anti-spike and anti-envelope SARS-CoV-2 siRNAs to cyclized R11A and demonstrate anti-viral efficacy in vitro. Our work presented here identifies two novel lung-specific cell penetrating peptides that could potentially deliver myriad therapeutic cargoes to lung tissue.