bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of porosity and fluid saturation in carbonates from rock-physics templates based on seismic Q
Authors: Pang Mengqiang , Ba Jing , Carcione José M. , Picotti Stefano , Zhou Jian , Jiang Ren
Published: July 2019

Rock-physics templates establish a link between seismic properties (e.g., velocity, density, impedance, and attenuation) and reservoir properties such as porosity, fluid saturation, permeability, and clay content. We focus on templates based on attenuation (seismic [Formula: see text] or quality factor), which are highly affected by those properties, and we consider carbonate reservoirs that constitute 60% of the world oil reserves and a potential for additional gas reserves. The seismic properties are described with mesoscopic-loss models, such as the White model of patchy saturation and the double double-porosity model, which include frame and fluid heterogeneities. We have performed ultrasonic experiments, and we estimate the attenuation of the samples and the reservoir by using the spectral ratio method and the improved frequency-shift method. Then, multiscale calibrations of the templates are performed by using laboratory, well log, and seismic data. On this basis, reservoir porosity and fluid saturation are quantitatively evaluated. We first apply the templates to ultrasonic data of limestone using the White model. Then, we consider seismic data of a carbonate gas reservoir of MX work area in the Sichuan Basin, southwest China. A survey line in the area is selected to detect the reservoir by using the templates. The results indicate that the estimated porosity and saturation are consistent with well-log data and actual gas production results. The methodology indicates that the microstructural characteristics of a high-quality reservoir can effectively be predicted using seismic [Formula: see text].
Looking Back at the Phenomenocene
Authors: Suga Keijiro
Published: July 2019

This essay is conceived as a supplement to Masao Miyoshi’s only book of photography. Miyoshi was an avid traveler and photographer all his life. He called his practice “anti-photography” and left a book titled This Is Not Here (2009). His photographic images are interesting in many ways, surprisingly fresh and often beyond words. But what is essential about photography is the fact that photography is never controllable. Photography, by its nature, is anti-ethics and anti-aesthetics. My thoughts are about the world of phenomena, appearances, and bodiless ghosts. These come in a thousand layers around the surface of the globe to allow you to inhabit within this shapeless realm, or a realm with too many shapes. Just like geological upheaval, this regime of images offers a new era that might be called the phenomenocene. This is our commonplace, our common destiny.
Ayotzinapa
Authors: Martínez Ruiz Rosaura
Published: July 2019

This article offers an analysis of some of the reasons why the unveiling of the truth in the Ayotzinapa case, in which forty-three students enrolled in a rural teaching school in Mexico were forcibly taken and then disappeared, must not be postponed. To make a strong case for mourning as a political right, the article first analyzes Hannah Arendt's argument according to which only forgiveness can change a violent course of action, but in order for forgiveness to be offered, the crime to be pardoned must be precisely named. The article then shows how Judith Butler's politics of mourning crosses paths with Arendt's valorization of truth in politics, because both argue for the centrality of reality testing in mourning. In order to add to Butler's account of collective mourning, the article concludes by returning to Freud's psychoanalytic account of the work of mourning, where factual truth proves indispensable to the construction of any history.
Measuring Long Run Risks for Brazil
Authors: Almeida Caio , Brandao Diego
Published: July 2019

We study the temporal structure of risk prices, risk exposures and expected market returns for Brazil assuming the economy follows a long run risks model. The model consists on an endowment economy where aggregate consumption and dividend growth contain predictable components, and a representative agent has Epstein-Zin recursive preferences with CES specification. We show that aggregate consumption in Brazil is sufficiently predictable to generate risk premia associated with Epstein-Zin preferences in excess of traditional compensations induced by power utility. Moreover, risk compensation is dominated by permanent shocks both in the short and long run, as Epstein-Zin preferences mitigate the price of temporary shocks' risk.
Social Promotion in Primary School: Effects on Grade Progression
Authors: Leighton Margaret , Souza Priscila , Stephane Straub
Published: July 2019

This paper evaluates the effect of relaxing promotion criteria in early primary school on grade delay in later years. Exploiting variation in primary school repetition policies across Brazilian municipalities, we find that social promotion in junior primary years reduces grade delay, and that some of this reduction persists through the transition to senior primary school. Cohorts of twelve-year-old students who have been exposed to the social promotion policy since they were seven have almost 5 percentage points fewer members who are delayed a year or more in their studies than do similar cohorts who faced the threat of retention every year. We also find that, when the option is available, students sort across schools in response to the policy in a way consistent with negative selection into social promotion.
First Report of Saprolegnia parasitica from a Marine Species: Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) in Brackish Water Conditions
Authors: DINÇTÜRK Ε. , TANRIKUL T. T. , BIRINCIOĞLU S. S.
Published: July 2019

Saprolegniosis is a serious fungal disease that mostly affects freshwater fish species and eggs. It has a cotton wool-like appearance on the body of amphibians, crustaceans and several fish species. Infected gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) were subjected to clinical, microbiological, parasitological and pathological investigation. On the infected skin samples, grey-white cotton-like patches, erosion of the skin and scale affusion were detected. Lesions covered the whole body of S. aurata in the advanced stages. Bacterial growth and parasitic symptoms were not observed in microbiological examination. Microscopic examination showed hyphaes carrying cysts that were long and branched. In scanning electron microscopy overviews fungal zoospores were observed. In histopathological observations of sections of skin, erosive-ulcerative dermatitis and mycelium of Saprolegnia parasitica were seen in the muscle tissue. Gene sequence-based identification found Saprolegnia parasitica. S. parasitica has not until now been detected in S.aurata. The low salinity of the brackish water is believed to be the predisposing factor of Saprolegniosis in sea bream in this case.
DYNAMICS OF POTATO NUTRIENTS DEPENDING ON THE SEEDING DEPTH OF TUBERS AND ESTIMATED NORMS OF FERTILIZERS
Authors: Самаркин Алексей , Samarkin Aleksey , Мефодьев Георгий , Mefod'ev Georgiy
Published: July 2019

The article discusses the impact of tuber planting density and fertilizer design norms on the dynamics of potato nutrients in the southeastern part of Volga-Vyatka zone. The density of planting tubers and the calculated norms of fertilizers have a direct impact on the dynamics of the nutritional elements of the potato content and removal of mineral nutrition elements by the potato plants on the leached chernozem of the south-eastern part of Volga-Vyatka zone. The accumulation of elements of mineral nutrition is also significantly influenced by the weather conditions formed during the growing season of potato plants. Potatoes are demanding on soil fertility. With a good harvest, it consumes and alienates a large amount of nutrients from the soil. With an increase in the density of planting tubers and the calculated norms of fertilizers, respectively, the removal of mineral nutrients also increases. Studies have shown that the highest nitrogen content in the soil was observed during the beginning of the growing season of potato plants - at the time of emergence. The maximum concentration of phosphorus reached in the phase of budding and flowering of potatoes. During the growing season of potato plants, the content of exchangeable potassium increases and reaches a maximum value in the budding phase. After flowering, the indicator of potassium in the soil began to decline and at the time of harvesting reached a minimum value.
EFFICIENCY OF “MELAFEN” GROWTH STIMULATOR APPLICATION WHEN TREATING WINTER WHEAT SEEDS WITH “POLARIS” SUBSTANCE
Authors: Кузнецов Игорь , Kuznecov Igor' , Поварницына Анастасия , Povarnicyna Anastasiya , Ахметзянов Марсель , Akhmetzyanov Marsel , Вафин Ильшат , Vafin Il'shat
Published: July 2019

The most important task at all stages of modern agriculture development is to increase the yield and quality of grain. Plant growth regulators can play a big role in this. The paper considers an impact of Polaris fungicide on winter wheat seeds and the use of growth regulator Melafen in winter wheat crops in Ufa region of the Republic of Bashkortostan are considered. The soil and climatic conditions of the growing season 2017-2018 years have influenced on formation of the yield and quality of winter wheat grain. Seed treatment with Polaris fungicide in combination with the crop care products provided productivity of 41.8-61.5 centner per hectare. The use of growth regulator Melafen in Ufa region of the Republic of Bashkortostan ensured an increase in crop yield up to 59.2-63.7 centner per hectare or 30.3-40.4%, depending on the processing scheme used. Determining the number of falls in the experience showed that this indicator fluctuated within 215-314 sec., which corresponds to the indicators for higher, first and second class of grain - a state of emergency more than 200 sec. In the experiment, the indicators of the nature of the grain had a value of from 671 to 758 g/l. The use of Polaris in the experiment contributed to the enhancement of the grain nature and reaching the level of the highest, 1.2 grade of grain. Due to the fact that in terms of quality group - all the options corresponded to group 2 of quality or grain of grade 3-5, the assessment of the quality of winter wheat grain shows that in the experience the quality of grain of all options corresponds to class 3.
FORMATION OF THE ASSIMILATION SURFACE OF POTATO LEAVES, DEPENDING ON SEEDING DEPTH OF TUBERS AND PRE-SOWING TREATMENT METHODS
Authors: Шашкаров Леонид , Shashkarov Leonid , Самаркин Алексей , Samarkin Aleksey , Мефодьев Георгий , Mefod'ev Georgiy
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the influence of the seeding depth of tubers and pre-sowing treatment methods on the formation of the assimilation surface of potato leaves in the southeastern part of Volga-Vyatka zone. The depth of planting of tubers and preplant preparation methods of tubers for planting have a direct impact on the formation of the assimilation surface of potato leaves on the leached chernozem of the south-eastern part of Volga-Vyatka zone. The future harvest of potatoes depends on the formation of the leaf surface. Indeed, during the entire growing season, the leaf surface of potato plants does not remain unchanged. It is the leaf surface that is the key element in the synthesis of organic substances, from which tubers are subsequently formed - the future harvest. Therefore, one of the main tasks is to conduct such agrotechnical techniques that can provide assimilation surface of potato leaves of optimal size. In order to get a potato crop of 40-45 tons per hectare, the required assimilation surface area of the leaves of potato plants should reach 40-50 thousand m2 per hectare, and in this case potato plants will provide themselves with nutrients, carbon dioxide and water. The formation of the assimilation surface of potato leaves is inextricably linked with the methods of preparing planting material, the prevailing weather conditions, as well as the level of mineral nutrition. The maximum leaf area was recorded in the flowering phase of potato plants. The leaves of the upper tier had the highest absorption capacity, since they were least shaded. Due to the fact that the leaves of the lower tiers form less organic matter in the process of photosynthesis, their growth and development is largely due to the influx of nutrients from the leaves of the upper tier. The incoming substances are quickly consumed by the leaves, as a result of which they quickly die off. In order to obtain a high yield of good quality, it is necessary to create conditions under which the leaf surface area reaches the optimal size as quickly as possible and remains as long as possible.
EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION ORGANIZATIONS ON THE BASIS OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Authors: Ибрагимова Аминат , Ibragimova Aminat
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the analysis the problems of domestic exploration industry in new economic conditions, in mutual relation with the possible practical implementation of theoretical developments of management accounting, to find possible ways to revive the industry. The aim of the article is to argue the necessity for standardization of management accounting in exploration organizations as a platform for the institutional environment and to consider possible solutions to the problem. The issues of improving management accounting are in the focus of attention of the international scientific community, which in today”s conditions have acquired special significance for domestic accounting. The author has investigated the current state of the industry and made recommendations for strengthening the management technology, based on the management accounting information system. Based on the analysis of the distinctive characteristics of management accounting, in mutual connection with the development of the geological industry, the necessity of putting management accounting in the institutional subjects of this industry and its standardization, acting as an activator of activity, is substantiated. Addressing the issues facing the institutional subjects of exploration depends on the viability of the management accounting system, which can have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the Russian geological industry. In this context, the dispositivity and compilation of management accounting is emphasized, using analytical methods of observation, measurement, synthesis and classification. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to set up a management accounting system and its standardization in the institutional subjects of geological exploration. The article forms the author’s approach to the requirements characterizing the standard of management accounting; its possible elements are considered as an internal regulator of the activity of a geological exploration subject.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PERSONNEL AUDIT PLANNING
Authors: Клычова Гузалия , Klychova Guzaliya , Закирова Алсу , Zakirova Alsu , Кириллова Валерия , Kirillova Valeriya
Published: July 2019

The efficiency of the activities of enterprises oriented towards innovation development has a significant impact on human resources, management, development, and assessment of which ensures competitiveness, strategic advantages and sustainable development of the agrarian sector of the economy. To achieve its goals, management of the organization should be focused on the rational use of not only financial and material, but also labor resources. At the same time, personnel management is one of the important areas of strategic development, since the level of knowledge, abilities and competencies of an employee of an enterprise in an innovative economy places increasingly high demands. Developing the mechanism and management system of personnel potential, it is necessary to ensure the social and economic development of the enterprise, while solving the following tasks: to form a management structure; develop, test and evaluate the most rational systems and forms of organization and remuneration. A special place in the system of this management takes personnel audit. At the same time planning is a key stage of personnel audit. The audit plan in accordance with the requirements of ISA 300 “Planning the audit of financial statements” includes the following sections: understanding of business, understanding of the environment and internal control, description of risk and materiality, description of the nature, timing and scope of procedures. The article discloses a personnel audit planning mechanism in accordance with international auditing standards, examines the basic principles of personnel audit planning, discusses new requirements for the planning process, develops auditor’s working documents to improve the effectiveness of personnel auditing and coordinate audit procedures with the work of the audited entity. In particular, a personnel audit plan has been proposed, which includes the following sections: understanding of business, understanding of the environment and internal control, description of risk and materiality, and establishing the main areas of audit.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF A TWO-GRADE CHOPPER OF BEETS
Authors: Исмагилов Динар , Ismagilov Dinar , Калимуллин Марат , Kalimullin Marat , Абдрахманов Ринат , Abdrakhmanov Rinat , Валиев Ильдар , Valiev Il'dar
Published: July 2019

The two-grade rotary chopper BIR-2 of root and tuber crops with flexible working elements is designed to remove the beets of vegetable leaves before or during the harvest of carrots. It is proposed to use it together with an undermining machine in an aggregate with a tractor of the 1.4 kN class of thrust with a front and rear hitch. In this case, the chopper of beets is hung on the front hitch of the power means, and the working units are driven in rotation by hydraulic motors, which allows the two unitized devices to operate independently of each other. Laboratory studies of the effect of rotational speed, type and diameter of the cross section of work items on the amplitude of their oscillations were carried out on the soil plots Kazan State Agrarian University. Several types of work items were used in the experiments: a rubberized metal cable, a rubber-fabric element, a fishing line. The approbation was carried out when removing the tops of carrots. At this stage of experimental studies, the rotational speed of the working unit was 700 min-1, and the onward speed was 2.5 m/sec. Later, for the experiments, the plasticine pins were made, using which, with the necessary accuracy, the lower and upper points of contact of the working element can be determined, which, in turn, makes it possible to calculate the amplitude of transverse oscillations as the difference between these points. The rotational speed of the working elements at this stage varied from 500 to 900 min-1, the cross-sectional diameter - from 5 to 7 mm. According to the test results, the most rational diameter of the working element, which is equal to 5.5 mm, was determined, the required cutting height of the carrot tops in accordance with agrotechnical requirements, which is 0 ... 20 mm at a frequency of rotation of the working elements 800 min-1. According to the testing results of the developed unit under production conditions, which were carried out in JSC “Kyrlay” of the Republic of Tatarstan, the rational speed of the unit movement was chosen, which amounted to 3.3 m/sec.
Optimization-Based Calibration of Simulation Input Models
Authors: Goeva Aleksandrina , Lam Henry , Qian Huajie , Zhang Bo
Published: July 2019

Studies on simulation input uncertainty are often built on the availability of input data. In this paper, we investigate an inverse problem where, given only the availability of output data, we nonparametrically calibrate the input models and other related performance measures of interest. We propose an optimization-based framework to compute statistically valid bounds on input quantities. The framework utilizes constraints that connect the statistical information of the real-world outputs with the input–output relation via a simulable map. We analyze the statistical guarantees of this approach from the view of data-driven distributionally robust optimization, and show how they relate to the function complexity of the constraints arising in our framework. We investigate an iterative procedure based on a stochastic quadratic penalty method to approximately solve the resulting optimization. We conduct numerical experiments to demonstrate our performances in bounding the input models and related quantities.
After the Fall: How Perceived Self-Control Protects the Legitimacy of Higher-Ranking Employees After Status Loss
Authors: Carson Marr Jennifer , Pettit Nathan , Thau Stefan
Published: July 2019

We investigate how higher-ranking organizational members can protect their legitimacy after status loss. We theorize that after status loss, internal stakeholders will scrutinize the behavior of higher-ranking members to determine whether they are still deserving of their high-ranking position (i.e., legitimate) and that those members who display self-control (e.g., persistence, poise, restraint) after status loss signal legitimacy to scrutinizing internal stakeholders. In a laboratory experiment (Study 1), we found that leaders who displayed higher (versus lower) self-control after status loss were judged as more legitimate and were less likely to be challenged. This effect of higher perceived self-control on legitimacy and challenging behavior after status loss was explained by positively influencing internal stakeholders’ instrumental and moral evaluations of the higher-ranking individual. In an online experiment with working adults (Study 2), we constructively replicated these results and found that high self-control is more important for positive legitimacy judgments after status loss than when no status loss has occurred. Finally, in a critical incident study (Study 3), we explored whether the type of perceived self-control influenced the efficacy of the self-control strategy. We found that self-presentation was the most effective “type” of self-control display after status loss, and displaying self-control in multiple ways (e.g., task-related and self-presentation) increased the efficacy of perceived self-control. We discuss the implications of this research for legitimacy judgments, status loss, and self-control.
Provably High-Quality Solutions for the Meal Delivery Routing Problem
Authors: Yildiz Baris , Savelsbergh Martin
Published: July 2019

Online restaurant aggregators with integrated meal delivery networks have become more common and more popular in the past few years. Meal delivery is arguably the ultimate challenge in last-mile logistics: a typical order is expected to be delivered within an hour (much less if possible) and within minutes of the food becoming ready. We introduce a novel formulation for a meal delivery routing problem (in which we assume perfect information about order arrivals) and develop a simultaneous column- and row-generation method for its solution. The analysis of the results of an extensive computational study, using instances derived from real-life data, demonstrates the efficacy of the solution approach, and provides valuable insights into, among others, the (potential) benefits of order bundling, courier-shift scheduling, and demand management.
Percutaneous fixation with Kirschner wires versus volar locking-plate fixation in adults with dorsally displaced fracture of distal radius: five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Costa M. L. , Achten J. , Rangan A. , Lamb S. E. , Parsons N. R.
Published: July 2019

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation with locking-plate fixation for patients with a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius in the five years after injury.

Patients and Methods

We report the five-year follow-up of a multicentre, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. A total of 461 adults with a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius within 3 cm of the radiocarpal joint that required surgical fixation were recruited from 18 trauma centres in the United Kingdom. Patients were excluded if the surface of the wrist joint was so badly displaced it required open reduction. In all, 448 patients were randomized to receive either K-wire fixation or locking-plate fixation. In the K-wire group, there were 179 female and 38 male patients with a mean age of 59.1 years (19 to 89). In the locking-plate group, there were 194 female and 37 male patients with a mean age of 58.3 years (20 to 89). The primary outcome measure was the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE). Secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life using the EuroQol five-dimension three-level (EQ-5D-3L) assessment, and further surgery related to the index fracture.

Results

At 12 months, 402/448 participants (90%) recruited into the main study provided PRWE scores. At year two, 294 participants (66%) provided scores; at year five, 198 participants (44%) provided scores. There was no clinically relevant difference in the PRWE at any point during the five-year follow-up; at five years, the PRWE score was 8.3 (12.5) in the wire group and 11.3 (15.6) in the plate group (95% confidence interval -6.99 to 0.99; p = 0.139). Nor was there a clinically relevant difference in health-related quality of life. Only three participants had further surgery in the five years after their injury (one in the wire group and two in the plate group).

Conclusion

This follow-up study continues to show no evidence of a difference in wrist pain, wrist function, or quality of life for patients treated with wires versus locking plates in the five years following a dorsally displaced fracture of the distal radius. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:978–983.
Developing a standardized approach to virtual clinic follow-up of hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Preston N. , McHugh G. A. , Hensor E. M. A. , Grainger A. J. , O’Connor P. J. , Conaghan P. G. , Stone M. H. , Kingsbury S. R.
Published: July 2019

Aims

This study aimed to develop a virtual clinic for the purpose of reducing face-to-face orthopaedic consultations.

Patients and Methods

Anonymized experts (hip and knee arthroplasty patients, surgeons, physiotherapists, radiologists, and arthroplasty practitioners) gave feedback via a Delphi Consensus Technique. This consisted of an iterative sequence of online surveys, during which virtual documents, made up of a patient-reported questionnaire, standardized radiology report, and decision-guiding algorithm, were modified until consensus was achieved. We tested the patient-reported questionnaire on seven patients in orthopaedic clinics using a ‘think-aloud’ process to capture difficulties with its completion.

Results

A patient-reported 13-item questionnaire was developed covering pain, mobility, and activity. The radiology report included up to ten items (e.g. progressive periprosthetic bone loss) depending on the type of arthroplasty. The algorithm concludes in one of three outcomes: review at surgeon’s discretion (three to 12 months); see at next available clinic; or long-term follow-up/discharge.

Conclusion

The virtual clinic approach with attendant documents achieved consensus by orthopaedic experts, radiologists, and patients. The robust development and testing of this standardized virtual clinic provided a sound platform for organizations in the United Kingdom to adopt a virtual clinic approach for follow-up of hip and knee arthroplasty patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:951–959.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Recurrent Respiratory Infection pada Anak Usia 2-5 Tahun
Authors: PUJOKUSUMA NOPRIYAN , PAMUNGKASARI ETI PONCORINI , RAHARDJO SETYO S
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is the most prevalent disease with high mortality and morbidity on infant. ARI that happens more than five times annually is called Recurrent Respiratory Infection (RRI). Some mortality of ARI comes from kind of ARI that developed from diseases that could be prevented by immunization. This study aimed to find correlation between immunization status, nutritional status, crowding, smoker in house, mother education level, family income level and RRI incident on children age 2-5 years old in Sibela Primary Health Care (PHC) work area, Surakarta.

Methods: This was an observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach. Sample for this study was children age 2-5 years old from Sibela PHC work area, Surakarta. Sample was taken by cluster sampling method as much as 121 children, the parent interviewed using questioner and children was measured for their height and weight. Data of immunization history was obtained from Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) Book and PHC data information system for ARI diagnosis. Data was analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression.

Result: Chi-square result shows significant correlation between incomplete immunization status and incident of RRI (p=0,000) and OR = 18,774. Logistic regression results shows significant correlation between immunization status and incident of RRI (p=0,000; OR=21,3).

Conclusions: Incomplete immunization status significantly correlate to increasing RRI incident 21,3 times on children age 2-5 years old than children which acquired complete immunization status. Nutritional status, crowding, smoker in house, mother educational level, and family income level has no significant correlation with RRI incidence.
Pengaruh Usia Menarche terhadap Tinggi Badan Wanita di Daerah Endemis Gondok
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Taufiq , Handayani Selfi , Munawaroh Siti
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Height affected by various factor. One factor that can affect female’s height is menarcheal age. Sexual hormone in female’s body will be activated at menarche and it will stimulate the closure of epiphyseal plate. Final height in female with late menarche is higher than female with early menarche. While in goiter endemic areas with Iodine Deficiency Disorder especially in mountain area, it has earlier menarcheal age than normal female that live in non goiter endemic area. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between age at menarche and height endemic goiter.

Methods: This study was an observational study with cross-sectional design. It was held in the goiter endemic Ngargoyoso, Karanganyar. Samples of women aged over 20 years with upright posture that live in Ngargoyoso were obtained by simple random sampling, then measuring the height using statometer and obtaining menarcheal age by questioner. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test (α = 0.05), which had previously been tested for normality by Kolmogorov Smirnov.

Results: The mean age of menarche sample was 13.38 years with the lowest age of 11 years and the highest age of 18 years. While the average height was 156.8 cm samples with the lowest height was 139 cm and the highest was 168 cm. Pearson correlation test results showed that height was significantly associated with age at menarche woman endemic goiter (p = 0.001).

Conclusions: Age of menarche associated with height in an endemic goiter area.
The earlier age of menarche will affect the final height of the woman.

 
Synthesis and Applications of Polymer Chelating Resins Containing Schiff Base
Authors: Hamed Raghad Ali , Mahmood Sabreen Shaker , Salih Ban Dawood
Published: July 2019

In this article, a series of Schiff-base compounds is prepared by consending aromatic dialdehydes and diamines in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. The prepared Schiff bases are characterized by CHNS/O, NMR and FTIR techniques. Moreover, analytical applications of Schiff bases as chelating agent was evaluated by loading (20 %) of compounds (B and C) the urethanic foams. Furthermore, chelating resins type P1 (B) and P2 (C) are also prepared by loading the Schiff base into polymer backbones. Moreover, the batch process is used to study the ability of these resins in recovering metals ions, such as (Mg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cd2+ and Ca2+). The study is performed by considering the contact time and pH value. Finally, the polymer’s maximum loading capacity is in the following sequence: P1 (B) Co2+ > Cr3+ > Mg2+ > Ni2+ > Cd2+ > Ca2+ > Pb2+ > Cu2+; P2 (C) Mg2+ > Cd2+ > Ca2+ > Co2+ > Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Cr3+.
Surfactant-Ruthenium(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization,
DNA Binding, Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Devi R. Suganthi , Kumaraguru N.
Published: July 2019

The interaction of ligand bound ruthenium(II) complexes with DNA have grown fame because of their relevance in the development of new reagents for medicinal applications and the impact of dominating cisplatin. Surfactant-ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(DMP)2(DA)Cl](ClO4) (1) and [Ru(DMP)2(DA)2](ClO4)2 (2) with primary ligand as DMP (2,9-dimethyl[1,10]-phenanthroline) and secondary ligand as dodecyl amine (DA) were synthesized and characterized. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of complexes in aqueous solution were obtained from conductivity measurements. The interaction of surfactant-ruthenium(II) complexes with CT-DNA has been explored by spectroscopic
technique and viscosity dimensions. These complexes were tested for cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities with human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) and pathogenic microorganisms. The results indicate that the complex 2 binds more strongly to DNA than complex 1 further affecting the viability of the cells significantly and also showed moderate antimicrobial activity.
Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Using Saw Palmetto Fruit (Serenoa repens) Waste
Authors: Kruthi H.B. , Shreya H. , Mahendra Ch. , Siva Kiran R.R. , Archna
Published: July 2019

The feasibility of saw palmetto fruit (Serenoa repens) waste as a low-cost bio-sorbent for treating methylene blue dye from synthetic textile effluent was evaluated. Two different types viz., untreated and alkaline treated saw palmetto fruit waste was tested to immobilize methylene blue dye from the synthetic effluent solution. Out of these two, the only alkaline treated saw palmetto fruit waste was found suitable for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous streams. With the untreated saw palmetto fruit waste, the sorption of dye increased with time and after reaching equilibrium, back diffusion of
the sorbed dye was observed. Equilibrium sorption and kinetic studies were performed with alkaline treated saw palmetto fruit waste and the parameters affecting the sorption process such as initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, equilibrium time and temperature were analyzed. The kinetic data generated obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The investigated removal capacity of the saw palmetto fruit waste for the methylene blue dye was comparable with the available sorbents.
DNA Binding Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Heterolyptic Transition Metal Complexes with 2,2-Bipyridyl and 2-Acetylthiophene Thiosemicarbazone
Authors: Srinivasulu Kummara , Reddy Katreddi Hussain , Anuja K. , Dhanalakshmi D. , Ramesh Golla
Published: July 2019

Metal complexes having the composition M(Bipy)Cl2 (where, M = Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II); Bipy = 2,2-bipyridyl) are reacted with 2-acetylthiophene thiosemicarbazone (ATT) to produce heteroleptic transition metal complexes with molecular formula [M(Bipy)ATT]. The complexes are characterized by mass spectra, molar conductivity, infrared and electronic spectra. Electrochemical behaviour of these metal complexes was investigated by cyclic voltammetric studies. The metal complexes show quasi reversible cyclic voltammetric responses for the Cu(II)/Cu(I) couple. The binding properties of these complexes with calf-thymus DNA have been investigated by using absorption spectrophotometry. Metal complexes are screened for their antibacterial activity by using agar well diffusion method against pathogenic bacterial strains viz. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity of the present complexes are comparable with the activity of ciprofloxacin. The Cu(Bipy)Cl2 complex inhibits bacteria more strongly than any other complex. The Ni(Bipy)ATT complex shows more activity than the parent complex, Ni(Bipy)Cl2.
Probing into Methylene Blue Interaction with Polyglutamic Acid: Spectroscopic and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies
Authors: Chatterjee Poonam Mishra , Pandey Tiwari Deepika , Datta Silpi , Chakrabarty Suman , Raval Ritu , Dubey Ashok Kumar
Published: July 2019

Polyglutamic acid (PGA) is an anionic biopolymer which is stained with methylene blue (MB) in agar or polyacrylamide gels for analysis. Polyglutamic acid identification involves a tedious extraction and analytical process. The molecular association of polyglutamic acid and methylene blue can be used for rapid spectroscopic detection of polyglutamic acid production during fermentation. This triggered the study on investigation of polymer-dye interaction mechanism. Concentration range of polyglutamic acid, 0.001 to 0.06 μM with a fixed methylene blue concentration of 25 μM exhibited significant differences in the spectra. Preferential higher order aggregate formation of methylene blue molecules was substantiated with molecular dynamics simulation results. Fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated a quenching effect of polyglutamic acid on methylene blue fluorescence until a certain concentration range, beyond which the Stern-Volmer (SV) plot shows a negative deviation. Polyglutamic acid was observed to promote higher order of intramolecular stacking interactions of methylene blue, possibly due to interplay of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between polyglutamic acid, methylene blue alone and PGA-MB systems
Catalytic Synthesis of Levulinate Esters over Zirconia and its
Modified Forms Coated on Honeycomb Monoliths: Green Synthesis
Authors: Serrao Reena Saritha , Shamshuddin S.Z. Mohamed , D'souza Joyce
Published: July 2019

A series of solid acid catalysts such as ZrO2, Mo(VI)/ZrO2 and W(VI)/ZrO2 have been coated on honeycomb monoliths as well as synthesized in the powder forms and used as catalytic materials for synthesis of ethyl levulinate from levulinic acid and ethanol. These solid acids were characterized by BET, NH3-TPD/n-butyl amine back titration, FTIR, PXRD and SEM techniques. Effects of various reaction parameters towards the reaction performance were studied. The performance of the catalyst was tested based on nature of the catalyst (honeycomb coated or powder form), reaction time (1 to 5 h), molar ratio (1:1 to 1:12 levulinic acid to ethanol) and reusability of the catalytic material. An excellent yield (86-88 %) of ethyl levulinate was obtained under optimized conditions. An attempt is made to correlate the activity of the catalysts in this esterification reaction with their surface characteristics. The honeycomb monoliths coated with zirconia and its modified forms were found to be ecofriendly, cost-effective and reusable catalytic materials compared to their powder forms.
Thermal, Morphological Analysis of Epoxy/Unsaturated Polyester
Blended Nanocomposite with Wollastonite Powder as a Particulate
Authors: Reddy A. Damodara , Deva Kumar M.L.S.
Published: July 2019

In the proposed research article, polymer nanocomposites on the basis of thermoset polymer resultant blends (epoxy/polyester) having wollastonite powder are prepared by high shear mixer (mechanical), followed by an ultra-sonicator for uniform dispersion of wollastonite particulates in the final blend matrix. Wide range percentages of modified wollastonite nano-particulates with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt. % were incorporated into the epoxy/polyester blend matrix in order to evaluate the effect of nanofillers on nanophase morphological structure and to study material properties. Various thermal parameters of
the nanocomposite were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. Further, the scanning electron microscopy images have been employed to know fractured surfaces of the titled compound. From the experimental data it was found that uniform miscibility of epoxy/polyester blend mix and homogenous dispersion of wollastonite nano particulates in the blend matrix was noticed. From the TGA studies, 8 % weight loss and 4 °C rise in decomposition temperature was observed with addition of 5 wt. % wollastonite when compared with the 0 wt. % wollastonite combination of epoxy/unsaturated polyester resin blend. DSC results further revealed that the modified wollastonite nanoparticles is major responsible for the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the nanocomposites.
AN ANALYSIS OF DIURNAL AIR TEMPERATURE RANGE CHANGE AND ITS COMPONENTS IN SHAHEED BENAZIR ABAD SINDH
Authors: Bhatti Nadeem ul karim , Samo Saleem Raza , Keerio Manthar Ali , Ali Ahsan , Ansari Abdul Aziz
Published: July 2019

A study has been carried out to analyse the temporal and seasonal patterns in the trends of diurnal air temperature range (DTR) and its components in Shaheed Benazir Abad for the time period 1996–2014.The magnitude, the slope and the significance of trends were investigated by using the linear regression method, the trend magnitude, the Mann-Kendall test and the Sen’s estimator of slope. The Mann-Kendall test and Sen's estimator of slope were calculated by using Addinsoft's XLSTAT 2015 software. The hypothesis of Mann-Kendall test was investigated at 95% confidence level for all variables. The result shows that minimum temperature of Shaheed Benazir Abad has increased at the rate of 0.063°C per year during study period while the maximum temperature for all months exhibits no change. This increase of minimum temperature contributed to the decreasing trend of diurnal temperature range. The DTR decreased at the rate of 0.057°C /year in Shaheed Benazir Abad. The investigation of seasonal DTR trends revealed that Summer and Spring seasons also witnessed a decreasing trends at the rate of 0.26 °C/year and 0.047°C/year respectively. Winter and aseasons, on the other hand, have experienced the increasing trends of DTR at the rate of 0.136 °C/year and 0.115 °C/year respectively. It is found by MK test that Tmax (winter), Tmax (Spring) and Tmin (Spring) exhibited the significant positive trends at the rate of 0.21°C/year, 0.368 °C/year and 0.421°C/year respectively. The increasing trends of Tmax of winter and spring indicate that winter and spring are warmer now.
THE RESEARCH OF THE VARIATION LAWS OF SETTLEMENT AND INTERNAL FORCE OF PILE GROUPS OF RAILWAY BRIDGE CAUSED BY PUMPING BRINE
Authors: Li Guodong , Wu Huijun , Li Yazhou , Wang Zhongchang
Published: July 2019

Taking Yingzigou Bridge of Dezhou-Dajiawa railway as the engineering background, the three-dimensional fluid-solid coupling models of pile group caps were established on the basis of five-stage field monitoring data of the settlement and groundwater level drop by using FLAC3D software. On the basis of the field monitoring data checking, the variation of axial force and skin friction of piles at different positions under the condition of water level drop was simulated. The results show that with the underground water level dropped, the axial force of pile along the shaft increased first and then decreased. The cross section of maximum axial force moved down constantly. In the same ground water levels drop, the distance between the maximum axial force and neutral point of each pile and the top of the pile was corner pile > side pile> near borehole center pile > center pile. The size of the pile axial force and negative skin friction resistance was corner pile > side pile> near borehole center pile > center pile. The upper part of the pile was subjected to negative skin friction resistance. The skin friction resistance of each pile along the shaft increased first and then decreased. The lower part of the pile was subjected to positive skin friction resistance. The skin friction resistance of each pile along the shaft increased. The location of the maximum negative friction resistance was about 10m distance from the top of the pile. The maximum negative friction resistance of corner pile was -36.5kPa. The distance of neutral point of center pile from the top was 35.2m. The neutral point of each pile was in accordance with the position of the maximum axial force of the pile. A reliable basis was provided for high-speed railway survey and design and the prevention and control of land subsidence along the railway.
PERANAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM PENGUATAN NASIONALISME DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hamid Abdul
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The 21st century is a triumph for the era of globalization. An era that tries to make the world, especially the world incorporated in the third world category (developed) like Indonesia to carefully and firmly address all the effects it produces. Globalization is, in essence, a process of generating ideas, then offered to be followed by other nations that eventually arrive at a common point of agreement and serve as a common ground for nations around the world. Globalization as well as nationalism is a concept of a pluralistic. Substantively also contains a contradictory spirit. Nationalism with the spirit of exclusiveness desires loyalty to the nation and state. Nationalism, in any way, tried to convince a nation that felt the same ground, breathed the same air, and drank water from the same source, that is, Bumi Indonesia. To love the homeland that gives the source of life as a gift of Allah SWT. So that every form of natural produce should be utilized as well as possible for the common welfare as a nation. In the process, Indonesia tries to shed tribal, religious, racial and linguistic identity for a cooperation to achieve prosperity. While Islam is one of the religions that desires the unity and unity among human beings. Encourage his people to love and work for the inhabited country.

Abstrak

Abad 21 merupakan masa kejayaan bagi era globalisasi. Sebuah era yang mencoba  menjadikan  dunia,  khususnya  dunia  yang  tergabung  dalam  kategori dunia ketiga (berkembang) seperti Indonesia untuk secara cermat dan tegas menyikapi segala efek yang ditimbulkannya. Globalisasi pada hakikatnya adalah suatu proses dari gagasan yang dimunculkan, kemudian ditawarkan untuk diikuti oleh bangsa lain yang akhirnya sampai pada suatu titik kesepakatan bersama dan menjadi pedoman bersama bagi bangsa-bangsa di seluruh dunia. Globalisasi  sebagaimana   juga  nasionalisme adalah   sebuah   konsep berwajah majemuk. Secara substansif juga mengandung semangat yang bertolak belakang. Nasionalisme dengan semangat eksklusifisme menghendaki kesetiaan kepada bangsa dan negara. Nasionalisme, dalam rupa apapun sejatinya mencoba meyakinkan bangsa yang merasa berpijak pada bumi yang sama, menghirup udara yang sama, juga meneguk air dari sumber yang sama, yakni Bumi Indonesia. Untuk mencintai tanah airnya yang memberikan sumber kehidupan sebagai anugerah Allah SWT. Sehingga setiap wujud hasil alam harus dimanfaatkan dengan sebaik-baiknya untuk kesejahteraan bersama sebagai suatu bangsa. Dalam prosesnya, Indonesia mencoba menanggalkan identitas kesukuan, agama, ras maupun bahasa demi sebuah kerjasama mencapai kesejahteraan. Sementara  Islam  adalah  salah  satu  agama  yang  sangat  menghendaki adanya  persatuan  dan  kesatuan  antar  umat  manusia.  Menganjurkan umatnya untuk mencintai dan bekerja untuk negeri yang didiami.

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