bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of in vitro digestion on antioxidant properties of
water-soluble and insoluble protein fractions of traditional Serbian white- brined cheeses
Authors: Vučić Tanja , Milinčić Danijel , Žilić Slađana , Ignjatović-Sredović Ivana , Sarić Zlatan , Ećim-Đurić Olivera , Kostić Aleksandar , Barać Miroljub
Published: September 2020

The influence of simulated in vitro digestion on antioxidant potential of protein fractions of traditional Serbian white-brined cheeses was investigated. Water-soluble (WSF) and water-insoluble fractions (WINF) of three cow’s and three ovine white-brined cheeses were fractionated. Total antioxidant capacity, reducing power and iron (II) chelating properties of these fractions before and after in vitro digestion were assayed. The investigated protein fractions had different antioxidant properties. WSFs had a better total antioxidant capacity and reducing power and less pronounced iron (II) chelating properties than WINFs. A strong negative correlation (-0.818, P<0.05) between the total antioxidant capacities of undigested WSF and WINF of traditional cheeses
were observed. In vitro digestion greatly improved the total antioxidant capacities of WINFs (by 16.61-34.18 times), their reducing power (up to 95.77 %) and except in the case of Svrljig ovine cheese, the iron (II) chelating ability as well. A less pronounced increase (up to 71.29 %) of the total antioxidant capacity of WSFs was induced by in vitro digestion. In vitro digestion reduced reducing power of WSF of investigated ovine cheeses as well as reducing power of WSF of Homolje cow’s cheese. Since there was no significant correlation between the investigated antioxidant properties of digested WSFs and their free amino acids and mineral contents the observed differences should be attributed to different composition and properties of low molecular weight peptides. Thus, further investigations related to their isolation
and characterization needs to be conducted. However, these results indicate that Serbian white-brined cheeses have great potential as source of antioxidant peptides.
Politik Hukum Otonomi Daerah Studi terhadap Desentralisasi Asimetris di Indonesia
Authors: Nurfurqon Ardika
Published: September 2020

Studi ini mencoba untuk mengkaji politik hukum otonomi daerah ruang lingkup desentralisasi asimetris di Indonesia.. Sumber yang diulas berdasarkan juskonstitun yang dibuat dan diberlakukan oleh pemerintah berbentuk UU terhadap daerah-daerah desentralisasi asimetris. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis hukum normative, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara menghimpun peraturan perundang-undangan, buku-buku, jurnal, dan majalah yang berkaitan dengan tema. Studi ini membahas konsep desentralisasi asimetris dengan ketentuan UU pemerintah daerah secara umum, baik bersifat khusus maupun istimewa setiap daerah desentralisasi asimetris di Indonesia memiliki karakter yang berbeda-beda, baik tata cara pengaturannya maupun system pemerintahan yang dijalankannya. Fokus kajian studi ini mengulas politik hukum otonomi daerah ruang lingkup desentralisasi asimetris, dimana terdapat daerah-daerah yang dapat disebut desentralisasi asimetris, yakni, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Pemerintahan Aceh, Otonomi Khusus Papua dan Papua Barat dan Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta.
Distal Arthrogryposis in Newborn: Clinical Case
Authors: Gavrilyuk Vasily P. , Evseeva Yana V. , Cherevko Oleg V. , Severinov Dmitry A.
Published: September 2020

Background. Arthrogryposis is severe congenital musculoskeletal disease with contractures of two or more joints of the lower and/or upper limbs and usually in combination with muscular hypo- or atrophy.

Clinical Case Description. Child F. was hospitalized in the department of newborns and premature babies’ pathology on 6th day of life in critical condition. Spontaneous motor activity was severely decreased. He responds to the examination with little increase in motor activity and weak painful scream. Muscle tone is dystonic: it is diffusely reduced in the proximal parts of the upper and lower limbs, in the distal parts of the upper limbs it is significantly increased, there are flexion contractures of the fingers on both hands (mostly on the left one). Passive fingers contractures reversal is difficult. There were no feet deformities or craniofacial anomalies. Hereditary history is burdened: child’s father (1984 year of birth), great-grandfather and cousin uncle (on the paternal line) have finger deformities on both hands. Father and relatives have not been diagnosed before. The clinical diagnosis was established after consultation of geneticist and orthopedist: «Distal arthrogryposis, type 2A, autosomal dominant type of inheritance with incomplete penetrance». The molecular genetic testing was not performed due to the refusal of the child's parents. Therapeutic gymnastics, stage plaster correction of finger contractures were performed in the department during the child hospitalization (21 days). Positive dynamics was noted: finger extension amplitude has increased.

Conclusion. Early conservative treatment of infants with arthrogryposis allows to correct musculoskeletal deformities. Early initiation of treatment is expected to increase the amplitude of both passive and active movements in the hand joints, whereas, it will improve the function of hand grasping and self-care capacities of patients.
Symptomatic cholelithiasis may be the first sign of sarcoidosis
Authors: Akalın Murat , Atıcı Semra Demirli , Kahraman Dudu Solakoğlu , Tuğmen Cem
Published: September 2020

SUMMARY Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic noncaseating granulomatous disease that rarely affects the gastrointestinal system. The initial diagnosis of sarcoidosis with gallbladder/gallbladder-associated lymph node involvement is a very rare condition in the literature. Herein, we aimed to report a case of newly diagnosed sarcoidosis with lymph node involvement associated with the gallbladder.
Diagnosis and referral flow in the single health system for climacteric women
Authors: Sorpreso Isabel Cristina Esposito , Figueiredo Francisco Winter dos Santos , Silva Adna Thaysa Marcial da , Zangirolami-Raimundo Juliana , Silva Bhárbara Karolline Rodrigues , Adami Fernando , Zuchelo Lea Tami Suzuki , Baracat Edmund Chada , Soares Júnior José Maria , Abreu Luiz Carlos de
Published: September 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The association between gynecological diagnoses and their distribution across healthcare sectors benefits health promotion and the identification of topics for continued education of gynecological care. This study aimed to identify healthcare diagnoses and referral flow in climacteric women. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Women’s Health Clinic of the University Hospital, University of São Paulo, with a reference to gynecology and training for Residents of Family and Community Medicine, between 2017 and 2018. The medical records of 242 women whose sociodemographic and clinical information, gynecological diagnoses, and distribution of healthcare services (primary, secondary, and tertiary) had been processed were collected. Statistical analysis included the chi-square test and odds ratio. RESULTS Smoking (OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.05–4.89; p = 0.035) was associated with the referral of climacteric women to higher complexity services. Considering the distribution of non-oncological diagnoses in climacteric patients, the chance of women being referred to medium- and high-complexity health services presented a 2-fold increase in cases of breast diseases, a 2.35-fold increase in cases of noninflammatory disorders of the female genital tract, and a 3-fold increase in cases of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs. CONCLUSION Climacteric women aged over 55 years, postmenopausal women, and smoking women were most frequently referred to medium- and high-complexity outpatient surgery.
Non causa pro causa: o voto de direita e esquerdano Brasil
Authors: Pereira Frederico Batista
Published: September 2020

Resumo A maioria dos estudos sobre o voto no Brasil converge no diagnóstico de que a escala direita-esquerda não está associada à escolha do eleitorado. Todavia, parte da literatura frequentemente ignora ou desafia tal consenso. Para resolver essa questão, este artigo replica e reanalisa dados de opinião pública utilizados por estudos como evidência de que o eleitorado votaria sim com base na escala direita-esquerda (1989-2014). Os resultados indicam que tais estudos incorrem em equívocos metodológicos que invalidam suas conclusões. A associação estatística entre ideologia e voto é baixa de modo geral e apenas alta em um grupo reduzido de pessoas politicamente mais sofisticadas. Por fim, a análise de dados de painel não encontra evidência de que a associação indique uma relação causal mesmo entre os(as) mais sofisticado(as). Em suma, é preciso buscar novos horizontes na explicação do voto no Brasil.
A reprodução simbólica das desigualdades entre mulheres e homens no Brasil
Authors: Schabbach Letícia Maria
Published: September 2020

Este artigo trata de representações coletivas (Durkheim, 1996) ou representações sociais (Moscovici, 2003) com recorte de gênero (Scott, 1986) sobre assuntos concernentes aos espaços público e privado (Saffioti, 1999; Fougeyrollas-Schwebel, 2009). A partir de compilação e análise de dados da Pesquisa Nacional “Mulheres brasileiras e gênero nos espaços público e privado” (Fundação Perseu Abramo, 2010), almejou-se: a) conhecer a difusão geral das representações; b) comparar as opiniões femininas e masculinas, em suas semelhanças e diferenças. As representações reforçam o papel da mulher como encarregada do trabalho reprodutivo e não remunerado e do homem como provedor do lar e atuante no espaço público, como demonstra, por exemplo, a desconfiança manifestada pelos entrevistados sobre a capacidade político-administrativa das mulheres e sobre a habilidade masculina em executar tarefas domésticas.
Vitamin D-dependent rickets (VDDR) type 1: case series of two siblings with a CYP27B1 mutation and review of the literature
Authors: Dhull Rachita Singh , Jain Reena , Deepthi Bobbity , Cheong Hae II , Saha Abhijeet , Mehndiratta Mohit , Basu Srikanta
Published: September 2020

Abstract Two siblings presented with clinical and biochemical features of rickets, initially suspected as hypophosphatemic rickets. There was no improvement initially, hence the siblings were reinvestigated and later diagnosed as having vitamin D-dependent rickets (VDDR) type 1 due to a rare mutation in the CYP27B1 gene encoding the 1α-hydroxylase enzyme. Both siblings improved with calcitriol supplementation. The initial presentation of VDDR is often confusing and algorithmic evaluation helps in diagnosis. We also present a brief review of the literature, including genetics.
Biomarkers of acute kidney injury in patients with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Tavares Maria Brandão , Melo Caroline Vilas Boas de , Fernandes Paula Neves , Almeida Maria da Conceição Chagas de , Carneiro Marcia Fernanda dos Santos Melo , Santos Rilma Ferreira de Souza , Bahiense-Oliveira Marilia , Martinelli Reinaldo , dos-Santos Washington LC
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Emergence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) requires prompt diagnosis and differentiation between acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and proliferative glomerulonephritis. We studied the potential use of commercial urinary biomarkers' tests in the diagnosis of AKI in patients with NS. Methods: A cross sectional estimate of urinary concentrations of KIM-1 and NGAL was performed in 40 patients with NS: 9 with proliferative glomerulopathy, being 4 with AKI and 31 without proliferative glomerulopathy, being 15 with AKI. AKI was defined using the KDIGO criteria. Results: The mean age was 35 ± 16 years. The main diagnoses were focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (10, 25%), membranous glomerulopathy (10, 25%), minimal change disease (7, 18%), lupus nephritis (6, 15%), and proliferative glomerulonephritis (3, 8%). Patients with ATN had higher levels of urinary KIM-1 (P = 0.0157) and NGAL (P = 0.023) than patients without ATN. The urinary concentrations of KIM-1 (P= 0.009) and NGAL (P= 0.002) were higher in patients with AKI than in patients without AKI. Urinary NGAL and KIM-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with ATN without proliferative glomerulonephritis than in patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis (P = 0.003 and P=0.024, respectively). Conclusions: Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) estimates correlated with histological signs of ATN and were able to discriminate patients with AKI even in conditions of NS. Furthermore, urinary levels of NGAL and KIM-1 may be useful in the differential diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis and exudative glomerulonephritis in patients with nephrotic syndrome.
Post-antibiotic era in hemodialysis? Two case reports of simultaneous colonization and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant bacteria
Authors: Vanegas Johanna M. , Salazar-Ospina Lorena , Roncancio Gustavo A. , Builes Julián , Jiménez Judy Natalia
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT The emergence of resistance mechanisms not only limits the therapeutic options for common bacterial infections but also worsens the prognosis in patients who have conditions that increase the risk of bacterial infections. Thus, the effectiveness of important medical advances that seek to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases is threatened. We report the simultaneous colonization and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant bacteria in two hemodialysis patients. The first patient was colonized by carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The patient had a bacteremia by MRSA, and molecular typing methods confirmed the colonizing isolate was the same strain that caused infection. The second case is of a patient colonized by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. During the follow-up period, the patient presented three episodes of bacteremia, one of these caused by ESBL-producing E. coli. Molecular methods confirmed colonization by the same clone of ESBL-producing E. coli at two time points, but with a different genetic pattern to the strain isolated from the blood culture. Colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria allows not only the spread of these microorganisms, but also increases the subsequent risk of infections with limited treatments options. In addition to infection control measures, it is important to establish policies for the prudent use of antibiotics in dialysis units.
MELD EXCEPTION POINTS PROVIDE AN ENOURMOUS ADVANTAGE FOR RECEIVING A LIVER TRANSPLANT IN BRAZIL
Authors: ARRUDA Soraia , CHEDID Marcio F , JACINTO Michelle Moraes , ÁLVARES-DA-SILVA Mario R
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Current policy for listing to liver transplant (LT) may place cirrhotic patients without MELD exception points (CIR) in a disadvantageous position if compared to patients enlisted with appealed MELD scores - patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or special conditions other than hepatocellular carcinoma (SPE). Transplant rates, delisting, and waitlist mortality of CIR, HCC, and SPE candidates were compared. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to counterweight the listing rate and speed of listing of HCC, SPE, and CIR patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study comparing the outcomes of patients enlisted for SPE to those of HCC and CIR. In several countries worldwide, SPE patients also receive appealed MELD scores in a similar way of HCC patients. METHODS: Two cohorts of patients listed for LT in a single institution were evaluated. The first cohort (C1, n=180) included all patients enlisted on August 1st, 2008, and all additional patients listed from this date until July 31st, 2009. The second cohort (C2, n=109) included all patients present on the LT list on October 1st, 2012, and all additional patients listed from this date until May 2014. RESULTS: In both cohorts, HCC patients had a higher chance of receiving a LT than CIR patients (C1HR =2.05, 95%CI=1.54-2.72, P<0.0001; C2HR =3.17, 95%CI =1.83-5.52, P<0.0001). For C1, 1-year waiting list mortality was 21.6% (30.0% for CIR vs 9.5% for HCC vs 7.1% for SPE) (P<0.001). For C2, 1-year waiting list mortality was 13.3% (25.7% for CIR, 8.3% for HCC, and 4.0% for SPE) (P<0.001). Post-transplant survival was similar among the three groups. CONCLUSION: Compared to CIR, SPE and HCC patients had lower wait list mortality. CIR patients had the highest waitlist mortality and the lowest odd of LT. Current LT allocation system does not allow equitable organ allocation.
Parceria de serviços de saúde públicos e privados com a academia, no combate à COVID-19: relato de experiência em Tubarão, Santa Catarina
Authors: Schuelter-Trevisol Fabiana , Iser Betine Pinto Moehlecke , Marcon Chaiana Esmeraldino Mendes , Mello Rogério Sobroza de , Souza Kellen Meneghel de , Baldessar Maria Zélia , Trevisol Daisson José
Published: September 2020

Resumo Apresenta-se o relato de experiência da integração entre serviços de saúde públicos e privados, gestores e universidade, para a vigilância e controle da epidemia de COVID-19 em Tubarão, SC, Brasil. A cidade, universitária, cenário de grande fluxo de pessoas de diferentes locais do país, foi um dos primeiros municípios do estado catarinense com transmissão comunitária do SARS-CoV-2. São detalhadas as medidas adotadas com a criação do Comitê de Monitoramento da COVID-19, do Centro de Operações de Emergências Municipais em Saúde, e do Plano de Contingência da Doença. Passados 100 dias de pandemia, foram 5.979 casos notificados e 431 (7,2%) confirmados, dos quais 5 (1,2%) foram a óbito. Decisões precoces – suspensão imediata das atividades de comércio e eventos com aglomeração – podem ter limitado a propagação do vírus. As parcerias estabelecidas trazem inovação e subsidiam a gestão pública nas tomadas de decisão pautadas em evidências científicas.
Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and risk factors associated with infection in equids slaughtered for human consumption in Brazil
Authors: Arruda Igor Falco , Freitas Wellington Alves de , Carrijo Kênia de Fátima , Paz Paula Silva da , Silva Marianny Miranda , Sudré Adriana Pittella , Marques-Santos Fabielle , Fonseca Ana Beatriz Monteiro , Amendoeira Maria Regina Reis , Millar Patricia Riddell
Published: September 2020

Abstract Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Ingestion of raw/undercooked meat is considering an important route of infection. Consumption of meat from equids is common in European and Asian countries and an increase in Brazil has been observed. The aim of this study was to evaluate occurrences of anti-T. gondii antibodies and risk factors relating to infection in equids slaughtered for human consumption in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Blood samples from 192 horses and 208 donkeys were collected in the exsanguination area during the slaughter. Serum samples were subjected to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Association analysis was performed using Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2) or Fisher’s exact test, to evaluate risk factors relating to the prevalence of seroreagents. Antibodies against T. gondii were found in 13.5% of the equids, with higher occurrence in horses (18.75%) than in donkeys (8.65%). Associations between seropositivity and the following variables were found (p ≤ 0.05): species, animal origin, purpose of rearing and source of water for animal consumption and contact with cats. Farms need to implement preventive measures to control T. gondii infection in these species and avert transmission of the parasite to the human population that will consume their meat.
The sensitivity of Demodex canis (Acari: Demodicidae) to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia – an in vitro study
Authors: Neves Rita de Cássia da Silva Machado , Barros Luciano Antunes , Mendes Shihane Mohamad Costa , Amorim Thalita Irineu de Souza Werneck de Assis de , Ferraz Vany Perpétua , Mateus Lúcia Aparecida de Fátima , Leite Juliana da Silva , Ferreira Ana Maria Reis
Published: September 2020

Abstract The essential oil of the Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) (tea tree oil) has been effective in previous studies, in the treatment of infestation by Demodex mites in humans. The present study aimed at evaluating the in vitro acaricidal effect of this herbal medicine on Demodex canis. For the parasitological examination, samples were collected from a dog’s skin and examined using optical microscopy. Only samples with intact mites and with evident movement of chelicerae and tarsi were selected. Twenty-one samples were tested with the oil, in seven different concentrations: 100%; 50%; 25%; 12.5%; 6.25%; 5.0% and 3.13%. Three samples were tested with the positive control amitraz, and three with the negative control neutral shampoo. The interval between the time the solution was added and the moment the movement of the last mite ceased defined the survival time in the sample. By comparing the times at different concentrations and controls, the results showed that the higher the concentration of the oil, the more quickly its lethal effect occurred, and that the survival times in the controls were longer than in the different concentrations of melaleuca oil.
Prevalence of intestinal parasite infections in stray and farm dogs from Spain
Authors: Regidor-Cerrillo Javier , Arranz-Solís David , Moreno-Gonzalo Javier , Pedraza-Díaz Susana , Gomez-Bautista Mercedes , Ortega-Mora Luis Miguel , Collantes-Fernandez Esther
Published: September 2020

Abstract Dogs play a potential role as reservoirs for zoonotic parasites, being especially problematic uncontrolled dog populations such as stray and farm dogs with access to populated areas. In order to investigate the prevalence of canine intestinal parasites in at-risk dog populations, we tested a total of 233 faecal samples shed by stray and dairy farm dogs from northern Spain. Telemann method was used to detect the presence of eggs and (oo)cysts of common dog intestinal parasites and Cryptosporidium was detected by PCR. One hundred and forty eight out of 233 samples (63.5%) were positive for at least one intestinal parasite, being Ancylostomidae (35.6%; 83/233) and Trichuris (35.2%; 82/233) the parasites most frequently identified. Cryptosporidium DNA was not detected in any of the faecal samples analysed. The overall prevalence was significantly higher in stray dogs than in farm dogs (72.5% vs 58.8%). Specifically, stray dogs had a significantly higher prevalence of Ancylostomatidae, Toxocara, Toxascaris and Taenidae. These dog populations are an important source of environmental contamination with intestinal parasite forms, which could be of significance to animal and human health.
Safety and Efficacy of Andecaliximab (GS-5745) Plus Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Results from a Phase I Study
Authors: Bendell Johanna , Sharma Sunil , Patel Manish R. , Windsor Kevin S. , Wainberg Zev A. , Gordon Michael , Chaves Jorge , Berlin Jordan , Brachmann Carrie Baker , Zavodovskaya Marianna , Liu JieJane , Thai Dung , Bhargava Pankaj , Shah Manish A. , Khan Saad A. , Starodub Alexander
Published: September 2020

Background

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) expression in the tumor microenvironment is implicated in multiple protumorigenic processes. Andecaliximab (GS-5745), a monoclonal antibody targeting MMP9 with high affinity and selectivity, was evaluated in combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Patients and Methods

This phase I study was completed in two parts: part A was a dose-finding, monotherapy phase that enrolled patients with advanced solid tumors, and part B examined andecaliximab in combination with chemotherapy in specific patient cohorts. In the cohort of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 36), andecaliximab 800 mg every 2 weeks was administered in combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. Patients were treated until unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of consent, disease progression, or death. Efficacy, safety, and biomarker assessments were performed.

Results

Andecaliximab combined with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel appeared to be well tolerated and did not demonstrate any unusual toxicities in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were fatigue (75.0%), alopecia (55.6%), peripheral edema (55.6%), and nausea (50.0%). Median progression-free survival was 7.8 months (90% confidence interval, 6.9−11.0) with an objective response rate of 44.4% and median duration of response of 7.6 months. Maximal andecaliximab target binding, defined as undetectable, andecaliximab-free MMP9 in plasma, was observed.

Conclusion

Andecaliximab in combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel demonstrates a favorable safety profile and clinical activity in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Implications for Practice

The combination of andecaliximab, a novel, first-in-class inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 9, with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma provided a median progression-free survival of 7.8 months and objective response rate of 44.4%. The majority of systemic biomarkers related to matrix metalloproteinase 9 activity and immune suppression increased at 2 months, whereas biomarkers related to tumor burden decreased. Although this study demonstrates promising results with andecaliximab plus chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma, andecaliximab was not associated with a survival benefit in a phase III study in patients with advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction carcinoma.
Pretreatment Blood Parameters Predict Efficacy from Immunotherapy Agents in Early Phase Clinical Trials
Authors: Criscitiello Carmen , Marra Antonio , Morganti Stefania , Zagami Paola , Viale Giulia , Esposito Angela , Curigliano Giuseppe
Published: September 2020

Background

Peripheral blood parameters are correlated to immune-checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in solid tumors, such as melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. Few data are currently available on the prognostic role of these immune-inflammatory biomarkers for other solid tumors and immunotherapy combinations.

Material and Methods

From August 2014 to May 2019, 153 patients with metastatic solid tumors were enrolled in phase I clinical trials testing immunotherapy both as single agents and as combinations. Primary endpoint was to evaluate the impact of baseline blood parameters on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results

The most common tumor types were gastrointestinal, breast, and gynecological cancers (22.9%, 22.2%, and 15.0%, respectively). Higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) were independently associated with reduced PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–2.99; p = .001, and HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.39–3.77; p = .001, respectively) and reduced OS (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.26–3.28; p = .004, and HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.12–3.79; p = .02, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, (single agent vs. combination), patients at “good” (dNLR <3 and LDH < upper limit of normal [ULN]) and “intermediate and poor” (dNLR >3 and/or LDH > ULN) risk had higher and lower PFS, respectively (p for interaction = .002). Conversely, patients receiving monotherapy presented statistically significant difference in OS according to the risk group, whereas this effect was not observed for those treated with combinations (p for interaction = .004).

Conclusion

Elevated LDH and dNLR are associated with poorer survival outcomes in patients treated with immunotherapy in phase I clinical trials, regardless of tumor type. These parameters represent an easy tool that might be considered as stratification factors in immunotherapy-based clinical trials.

Implications for Practice

In this retrospective cohort study of 153 patients with metastatic solid tumors treated with immunotherapy in the context of phase I clinical trials, elevated baseline lactate dehydrogenase and derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with reduced survival regardless of tumor subtype. If prospectively validated, these parameters might represent low-cost and easy biomarkers that could help patient selection for early phase immunotherapy trials and be applied as a stratification factor in randomized studies testing immunotherapy agents.
The Impact of Palliative Care Dose Intensity on Outcomes for Patients with Cancer
Authors: Sedhom Ramy , Gupta Arjun , MacNabb Lindsey , Smith Thomas J.
Published: September 2020

This commentary discusses evidence supporting the importance of full palliative care dose intensity in outcomes for patients with cancer.
Effects of high-diluted colloidal silica grouting on the behaviour of a liquefiable sand
Authors: Ciardi Giovanni , Bardotti Roberto , Vannucchi Giovanni , Madiai Claudia
Published: September 2020

The effectiveness of colloidal silica (CS) treatment in increasing the liquefaction resistance of sandy soils is by now amply demonstrated. However, the best value of the CS content to achieve high performance, minimising economic cost and impact on buildings and the environment, has not yet been quantified. This paper presents the results of a laboratory study aimed to evaluate the influence of different CS contents on the behaviour of a liquefiable sand. The investigation included direct shear, cyclic triaxial, hydraulic conductivity and oedometer tests. CS contents 0, 2 and 5% (by weight) were used for all tests, except for direct shear tests (CS contents 0 and 2%) and oedometer tests (CS contents 0, 2, 3, 5, 10 and 13%). The test results showed that 2% CS content was enough to increase the soil strength under cyclic and monotonic loading conditions. The hydraulic conductivity of treated soil decreased significantly as CS content increased. Oedometer tests pointed out that the main disadvantage of CS treatment is the soil compressibility increase. On the basis of the obtained results, 2% CS content seems to be recommended because it shows effectiveness and capability to improve the liquefaction resistance of sand while minimising the soil compressibility increase.
Porous nanocrystalline WO3 thin films: fabrication, electrical and optical properties
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Su Jiangbin , Qi Hao , Pan Peng , Jiang Meiping
Published: September 2020

A well-designed procedure, including ion beam sputtering of aluminium (Al)–tungsten trioxide (WO3) composite films, annealing at an elevated temperature and dealloying of aluminium component, was carried out in sequence to fabricate porous nanocrystalline tungsten trioxide thin films. The texture, morphology and electrical and optical properties of the tungsten trioxide thin films were each characterised. It was found that when the annealing temperature of the aluminium–tungsten trioxide composite film reached 550°C, the obtained tungsten trioxide thin film after dealloying was nanocrystalline with a more pronounced porous structure. Electrical property tests showed that in contrast to that of amorphous tungsten trioxide films, the resistance of the porous nanocrystalline tungsten trioxide film was much greater, with a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of +4.1 × 10−2/°C at temperatures of −10 to 5°C and a negative TCR of −2.4 × 10−2/°C at temperatures of 5 to 30°C. It was further demonstrated by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy that compared with amorphous tungsten trioxide films, the porous crystalline tungsten trioxide film had much higher transmittance at the wavelength of visible light and a larger forbidden band width of 2.75 eV. Therefore, the porous nanocrystalline tungsten trioxide film exhibits unique or excellent electrical and optical properties, which indicate new potential applications in the fields of photoelectric devices and thermistors.
Nanosized Si space-confined in 3D porous Cu as anode for high-performance lithium storage
Authors: Wang Jiamin , Zhang Zhijia , Sun Shihao , Yuan Shen , Li Weijie , Qiao Zhijun , Yu Zhenyang , Kang Jianli
Published: September 2020

Silicon (Si) possesses high theoretical lithium-ion (Li+)-storage capability but is still limited to a huge volume change in the charging–discharging process and has poor conductivity, which hinders its application. Here, the authors report a novel three-dimensional (3D) continuous porous silicon/copper (Cu) composite film through non-solvent-induced phase separation and heat treatment. The composite film inherits the developed 3D channels of copper with a proper pore size (1–5 μm), while the silicon particles can evenly adhere onto the 3D copper current collector tightly by heat treatment. It provides a reversible capacity of up to 2054.9 mAh/g after 150 cycles under a current of 0.05 C and exhibits a good rate capability (609.9 mAh/g at a high rate of 1 C) when used as an electrode. Naturally, the 3D porous architecture could not only shorten the electron/ion transmission path but also induce space-confined silicon, which provides a stable space for the volume expansion/contraction of silicon to restrict pulverization. This strategy provides ideas for the development of high-energy-density electrodes for next-generation energy-storage systems.
Effect of Neighborhood Food Environment and Socioeconomic Status on Serum Phosphorus Level for Patients on Chronic Dialysis
Authors: Potluri Vishnu S. , Sawinski Deirdre , Tam Vicky , Shults Justine , Cohen Jordana B. , Wiebe Douglas J. , Shah Siddharth P. , Berns Jeffrey S. , Reese Peter P.
Published: September 2020

Significance Statement

Persistently elevated blood phosphorus levels, which are common among patients with ESKD who undergo dialysis, are associated with a heightened risk of death. In this study, the authors used data from a national dialysis provider to investigate whether higher availability of healthier, low-phosphorus food choices, such as fruits and vegetables, in a patient’s neighborhood is associated with better phosphorus levels. However, they found no meaningful association between better availability of healthy food in the patients’ residential neighborhoods or in neighborhoods around the dialysis center and better phosphorus control. These findings suggest that rather than neighborhood availability of healthy food, health literacy, individual patient food preferences, and challenges in interpreting food labels might be the main determinants of diet-related phosphorus levels.

Background

Elevated blood phosphorus levels are common and associated with a greater risk of death for patients receiving chronic dialysis. Phosphorus-rich foods are prevalent in the American diet, and low-phosphorus foods, including fruits and vegetables, are often less available in areas with more poverty. The relative contributions of neighborhood food availability and socioeconomic status to phosphorus control in patients receiving dialysis are unknown.

Methods

Using longitudinal data from a national dialysis provider, we constructed hierarchical, linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the relationships between neighborhood food environment or socioeconomic status and serum phosphorus level among patients receiving incident dialysis.

Results

Our cohort included 258,510 patients receiving chronic hemodialysis in 2005–2013. Median age at dialysis initiation was 64 years, 45% were female, 32% were Black, and 15% were Hispanic. Within their residential zip code, patients had a median of 25 “less-healthy” food outlets (interquartile range, 11–40) available to them compared with a median of four “healthy” food outlets (interquartile range, 2–6). Living in a neighborhood with better availability of healthy food was not associated with a lower phosphorus level. Neighborhood income also was not associated with differences in phosphorus. Patient age, race, cause of ESKD, and mean monthly dialysis duration were most closely associated with phosphorus level.

Conclusions

Neither neighborhood availability of healthy food options nor neighborhood income was associated with phosphorus levels in patients receiving chronic dialysis. Modifying factors, such as nutrition literacy, individual-level financial resources, and adherence to diet restrictions and medications, may be more powerful contributors than food environment to elevated phosphorus.
Evaluation of 3 year surveillance of device associated infections in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: ÜSTÜN Nuran , ÖZÜMÜT Sibel , BULUT Özgül , ARSLANOĞLU Sertaç , OVALI Fahri
Published: September 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the rates of healthcare associated infections (HAIs) and device associated healthcare associated infections (DA-HAIs) as well as the rates of invasive device utilization in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); and to compare findings with national and international reports.

Materials and methods: A total of 1984 patients who admitted to NICU between January 2016 and December 2018 were enrolled. We retrospectively analysed patient’s characteristics, etiologic pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility, mortality from medical charts and infection control committee surveillance reports. Infections were defined using the standart Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria.

Results: During the 3-year period, total 98 HAI cases 69 of which were DA-HAI were detected. The overall incidence of HAIs was 4.9% and rate was 3.7 per 1000 patient days. The most common HAI was blood stream infection (BSI) (n=64, 65.3%) of those 52 were central line-associated (CLA). The CLA-BSI rate was 8.6 per 1000 central line days with central line utilization ratio of 0.22. Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) rate was 5.1 per 1000 ventilator days with ventilator utilization ratio of 0.12. The most common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumonia. (38.9%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (22.1%) and Candida spp. (11.6%). The overall mortality rate was 3%. The HAI-related mortality rate was 9.2%.

Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of an surveillance approach in the NICU setting. HAI rates were lower than the rates reported from developing countries. However, with device utilization rates similar to those in developed countries our HAI rates were higher than that of the developed countries. Continous monitoring and implementation of necessary precautions are essential to decrease the rates of HAIs.
Voltammetric Determination of LSD with a Schiff Base – Chemically Modified Electrode in Aqueous Solution
Authors: M. Ribeiro Maria Fernanda , N. Oiye Erica , M. T. Katayama Juliana , W. C. Junior José , R. Dockal Edward , Firmino de Oliveira Marcelo
Published: September 2020

In recent years, practical, inexpensive, and highly specific electroanalytical methods based on modified electrodes have been increasingly developed for forensic science. Simple modification of the carbon paste electrode with Schiff base complexes has become a promising strategy to detect and quantify narcotics. In this context, we aimed to develop voltammetric methods to quantify lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) by using a carbon paste electrode modified with the complex [UO2(Ac-ophen)]·H2O. The use of an aqueous solution of KCl as supporting electrolyte makes the methodology less polluting, which contrasts with methods that still employ toxic solvents. The developed method for Differential Pulse Voltammetry provides a linear response at various concentrations of LSD and affords analytical curves with standard deviation, detection, and quantification limits around 2.45, 0.625, and 2.08 μmol L-1, respectively. The recovery values of 103 and 108% prove that the developed method is suitable for application in forensic science.
Objective sleep patterns and validity of self-reported sleep monitoring across different playing levels in rugby union
Authors: Leduc Cedric , Tee Jason , Phibbs Padraic , Read Dale , Ramirez Carlos , Thomas Sawczuk , Weaving Dan , Jones Ben
Published: September 2020

Background: Growing evidence highlights that elite rugby union players experience poor sleep quality and quantity which can be detrimental for performance.

Objectives: This study aimed to i) compare objective sleep measures of rugby union players between age categories over a one week period, and ii) compare self-reported measures of sleep to wristwatch actigraphy as the criterion.

Methods: Two hundred and fifty-three nights of sleep were recorded from 38 players representing four different age groups (i.e. under 16, under 18, senior academy, elite senior) in a professional rugby union club in the United Kingdom (UK). Linear mixed models and magnitude-based decisions were used for analysis.

Results: The analysis of sleep schedules showed that U16 players went to bed and woke up later than their older counterparts (small differences). In general, players obtained seven hours of sleep per night, with trivial or unclear differences between age groups. The validity analysis highlighted a large relationship between objective and subjective sleep measures for bedtime (r = 0.56 [0.48 to 0.63]), and get up time (r = 0.70 [0.63 to 0.75]). A large standardised typical error (1.50 [1.23 to 1.88]) was observed for total sleep time.

Conclusion: This study highlights that differences exist in sleep schedules between rugby union players in different age categories that should be considered when planning training. Additionally, self-reported measures overestimated sleep parameters. Coaches should consider these results to optimise sleep habits of their players and should be careful with self-reported sleep measures.
OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEMDEKİ ÇOCUKLARIN YARATICILIK DÜZEYLERİ İLE BENLİK ALGILARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜVEN Yıldız , DOĞANAY KOÇ Esra
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırma, okul öncesi eğitimi alan 48-72 aylık çocukların yaratıcılık düzeyleri ile benlik algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda araştırma, 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılı içerisinde İstanbul ili Maltepe ilçesindeki resmi ilköğretim okullarının anasınıflarına devam eden 48-72 aylık 90 çocuk (53 kız, 37 erkek) ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla; “Hibrit Yaratıcılık Testi” ve “Demoluin Çocuklar İçin Benlik Algısı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre; yaratıcılık tamamlama alt boyutu artıkça benlik algısı azalmaktadır. Araştırmada kız çocukları erkek çocuklarından yaratıcılığın akıcılık, süreklilik ile yeni eleman ekleme alt boyutlarında ve toplam benlik algısı ve öz saygı alt boyutunda daha iyi performans göstermiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular ışığında öneriler getirilmiştir.
11. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN HAREKET TÜRLERİNİ AÇIKLAMA VE İLGİLİ GRAFİKLERİ ÇİZME, YORUMLAMA BİLGİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ERYILMAZ TOKSOY Seyhan
Published: September 2020

Bu araştırmada, öğrencilerin hareket türleri ile ilgili açıklama, grafik çizme ve grafik yorumlama bilgilerini betimlemek ve bu bilgilerin birbiriyle olan ilişkilerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, özel bir okulda 11. sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 20 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler 10 açık uçlu sorudan oluşan, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilmiş bir test aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Cevaplar doğru, kısmen doğru, yanlış gibi kategorilendirilmiş, daha sonra ise sayısallaştırılan veriler non parametrik testler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin sabit ivmeli harekete göre sabit hızlı harekete ilişkin açıklamalarda, örnek vermeye göre tanımlamada daha başarılı oldukları belirlenmiştir. a-t grafiklerini, sabit ivmeli yavaşlayan harekete ait grafikleri ve negatif yöndeki grafikleri çizerken daha fazla yanlış yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin grafik türlerinden ulaşılabilecek bilgileri belirtmede eksikleri olduğu ulaşılan diğer bulgulardandır. Verilen grafiği okumada ise sabit ivmeli hareket, negatif yöndeki hareket ve a-t grafiğinde daha fazla eksikleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların kinematikle ilgili açıklama, grafik yorumlama ve çizme bilgileri arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğu söylenebilir.
Consistency between personality career interest with sciences field among gifted and talented students
Authors: YUSOF Rorlinda , MOKHTAR Mariati , SULAİMAN Siti Nur Ain , - Syafrimen , MOHTAR Mazliza
Published: September 2020

This research is conducted to identify the profiles of career personality and interest towards sciences field among the gifted and talented students (GTS) in Malaysia. The career interest tendency in science is based on the consistency according to Holland Three Letter Code (HTLC). A total of 213 GTS aged 15 to 17 years old were randomly selected to respond to Self-Directed Search–Form Easy (SDS) instrument. Data was collected through questionnaire distribution. Data were then analyzed using SPSS Window 23.0 and Excel 2010 software. The result from the study shows that out of six career interest personality, GTS demonstrate an inclination towards three personality characteristics which are Investigative ((𝑋̅=22.15), Social ((𝑋̅=19.88) and Artistic (𝑋̅=15.94). Based on the HTLC analysis, the study indicates a higher inclination towards sciences career interest (73.24%) as compared to non-sciences career interest (26.76%). “𝑋̅” for mean values and “%” for percentages. The findings also showed the existence of a mixed inclination on sciences and non-sciences or multi-potentiality among GTS. Its proven that GTS have a high sense of inquisitory which allows them to think scientifically and creative in finding solutions in their fields of interest.This study supports the past research findings that showed GTS have a high interest in sciences. The findings of this study have implications in the following areas; career counseling services, career guidance, and academic guidance to guide GTS on developing interest in science related fields of study.
Identification of biology students’ misconceptions in human anatomy and physiology course through three-tier diagnostic test
Authors: ANDARİANA Andi , ZUBAİDAH Siti , MAHANAL Susriyati , SUARSINI Endang
Published: September 2020

University students’ misconceptions have become an important issue to discuss as prior concepts brought by the students into the classroom can affect the acquisition of new information. The current study attempted to identify Biology students’ misconceptions in Human Anatomy and Physiology courses through a three-tier diagnostic test. The participants of this study were 128 students from the Department of Biology Education who were currently enrolled in Human Anatomy and Physiology courses at the Institute of Teacher Training and Educational Sciences (STKIP) Pembangunan Indonesia in Makassar. A three-tier diagnostic test was used as the instrument to identify the number of participants who had developed misconceptions about the concepts introduced in the courses. The test contained 23 items of Certainty of Response Index (CRI) that, on average, achieved a validity score of 0.426 and a reliability score of 0.794. The results of the test analysis showed that the majority (61.51%) of the students developed misconceptions in Human Anatomy and Physiology courses. In detail, there were several misconceptions in 57.81% skeletal system, 52.34% muscular system, 55.47% integumentary system, 51.04% nervous system, 54.69% endocrine system, 66.02% hemolymphatic system, 62.89% cardiovascular system, 68.75% respiratory system, 70.31% digestive system, 70.70% urinary system, and 71.88% reproductive system. Misconceptions were mostly developed on reproductive system sub-materials and less likely found in nervous system sub-materials. Given this information, it can be concluded that the misconceptions of Biology students from the Institute of Teacher Training and Educational Sciences (STKIP) Pembangunan Indonesia in Human Anatomy and Physiology courses are categorized as high. Therefore, there should be an effort to deal with this issue.