bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETRIEVAL OF SUGARCANE LEAF AREA INDEX FROM PRISMA HYPERSPECTRAL DATA
Authors: Hamzeh S. , Hajeb M. , Alavipanah S. K. , Verrelst J.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA) satellite of the Italian Space Agency, lunched in 2019, has provided a new generation source of hyperspectral data showing to have high potential in vegetation variable retrieval. In this study, the newly available PRISMA spectra were exploited to retrieve Leaf Area Index (LAI) of sugarcane using a new kind of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) so-called Bayesian Regularized Artificial Neural Network (BRANN). The suggested BRANN retrieval model was implemented over a dataset collected during a field campaign in Amir Kabir Sugarcane Agro-Industrial zone, Khuzestan, Iran, in 2020. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized to reduce the dimensionality of PRISMA data cube. An accuracy assessment based on the bootstrapping procedure indicated RMSE of 0.67 m2/m2 for the LAI retrieval by applying the BRANN model. This study is a confirmation of the high performance of the BRANN method and high potential of PRISMA images to retrieve sugarcane LAI.
DOWNSCALING AND EVALUATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION USING REMOTELY SENSED DATA AND MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS (STUDY AREA: MOGHAN PLAIN, IRAN)
Authors: Hossein Abadi L. , Aghighi H. , Matkan A. , Shakiba A.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Water balance estimation in arid and semi-arid areas is highly essential for water and irrigation management. In arid regions, around ninety percent of the rainfall that reaches the surface of earth is returned to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration process. Evapotranspiration (ET) estimation has been drastically improved by the help of cutting-edge technology of Remote Sensing (RS) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques. Satellite RS approaches can be advantageous in monitoring land surface processes over vast areas and different approaches have been advanced for assessing ET from moderate to low resolutions with the help of remotely-sensed data. This research demonstrated a MODIS 8-day (500m) ET downscaling technique in Moghan plain based on Landsat-8 indices (30m) and Random Forest Regression (RFR), Support Vector Regression (SVR) models. The outcome of this research showed that SVR outperformed RFR for both days. In SVR model, the accuracy assessment indices on the first and second days are respectively: RMSE= 9.28 and 8.65, rRSME= 27.85 and 63.71, MAE= 5.71 and 3.97. This study has illustrated the possibility of implementing ML methods for downscaling MODIS ET product considering their efficacy and relatively ease of execution. Nevertheless, our research has identified that the MODIS ET accuracy is the primary reason of the accuracy of the downscaled ET. Future research can investigate the utility of spatial-temporal fusion models with remotely-sensed data to ultimately improve the spatio-temporal resolution of downscaled ET maps.
INCREASING THE SPATIAL ACCURACY OF THE LAND USE MAP USING FUSION OF OPTICAL AND RADAR IMAGES OF SENTINEL AND GOOGLE EARTH ENGINE
Authors: Jafarzadeh J. , Attarchi S.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Nowadays, exact and real-time land use and land cover (LULC) maps are imperative to supply precise data for energetic observing, arranging and arrive administration. With the appearance of cloud computing frameworks, time arrangement includes extraction methods, and machine learning classifiers, unused openings emerge in more precise and larger-scale LULC mapping. In this research, the aim is to obtain a land use map with a spatial resolution of 10 meters by combining Sentinel-1 radar images and Sentinel-2 optical images. The processing was done in Google Earth Engine cloud computing system. Also, in this research, NDVI map and NDBI map were used to increase classification accuracy. Classification was done using the decision tree method and in eleven classes. To evaluate the classification accuracy and the final map, randomly collected points were used in the study area. The results of the comparison of the ground collection points and the final classified map showed that the classification accuracy in this study was around 94%. The results obtained from such as research can be optimally used in urban planning and crisis management.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF LEARNING-BASED METHODS FOR MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGE MATCHING
Authors: Jovhari N. , Farhadi N. , Sedaghat A. , Mohammadi N.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Multispectral image registration is one of the most critical requirements to achieve reliable remote sensing goals such as change detection, image fusion, etc., due to providing complementary knowledge of the scene. On the one hand, this issue has always been a hot topic of research according to significant appearance differences, including geometric and nonlinear radiometric distortions. On the other hand, developing deep learning methods promises precise results in image processing and, in particular, image registration. It is no longer limited to low-level information structures, such as intensity and gradients. However, it is possible to provide more reliable results by extracting various high-level features and removing feature engineering. Therefore, we need extensive experiments in multispectral image registration to determine an efficient and robust method. To this end, this paper evaluates six well-known recently proposed learning-based feature descriptors, including LOFTR, TFeat, HardNet8, HardNet, SosNet, and HyNet, against geometric distortions within real multispectral images. Evaluations demonstrate the general superiority of the HardNet8 descriptor due to extracting high-level features within eight convolution layers.
DENSITY-BASED METHOD FOR BUILDING DETECTION FROM LIDAR POINT CLOUD
Authors: Mahphood A. , Arefi H.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. In this paper, a new building detection method based on a density of LiDAR point clouds is proposed. In this method, trees, vegetation, and any objects that have points in a vertical plane or column are removed. In the density-based method, a cube is utilized to calculate the density therein. For each point, the cube is used to determine the number of neighbouring points. The density is calculated in two cases: 3D and 2D space. In 3D space, the volumetric density is calculated using the cube. In 2D space, all points are projected onto the horizontal plane, and the surface density is calculated using a square. Next, the two densities are compared and the points with different values in both cases are removed. The method leads to promising results in the removal of vegetation and trees. Moreover, the results achieve more than 94% completeness and correctness at the per-area level.
SEGMENTATION OF ELECTRICAL SUBSTATIONS USING DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Mesvari M. , Shah-Hosseini R.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The location of electrical substations is one of the factors affecting the improvement of electrical energy distribution, as well as the management and control of this energy source. Less cost and manpower will be spent through automating the process of detection and segmentation of these features with the help of deep neural networks and the potential of existing high spatial resolution satellite images. In this study, a deep encoder-decoder neural network was used. This network is one of the most updated deep learning methods in image processing and segmentation. This network has been trained in three RGB bands with the help of high-resolution satellite images (∼1m) and eventually segmented the areas related to electrical substations with relatively high accuracy. As the results of this convolutional neural network, the IOU and Precision parameters were obtained, and their values were 88.2 and 93.7%, respectively, indicating the efficiency of the proposed deep learning method in the segmentation of existing satellite images.
EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL OF AERIAL THERMAL IMAGERY TO GENERATE 3D POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Alebooye S. , Samadzadegan F. , Dadrass Javan F.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. This research evaluates the ability of thermal images obtained from aerial platforms to produce 3D point clouds. In this study, the thermal camera is first calibrated. Then, in order to avoid data redundancy, the key frames of the obtained thermal video are separated from other frames. Afterwards, the point clouds are generated and then the thermal ortho image is created from the key frames. The evaluation is done using visible orthophoto, ground control points and the linearity of the edges of buildings extracted from thermal images. The results of this study show that the thermal ortho image matches the visible ortho image with a good accuracy in the study area. Moreover, the standard deviation of the edges of the buildings has been calculated for a number of reconstructed buildings in thermal ortho with proper dispersion. 77% of the measurements taken from the edges of the buildings coincide with a straight line with an accuracy of better than two pixels, and about half of these values are extracted with an accuracy of better than a pixel.
BUILDING DETECTION FROM AERIAL IMAGERY USING INCEPTION RESNET UNET AND UNET ARCHITECTURES
Authors: Aghayari S. , Hadavand A. , Mohamadnezhad Niazi S. , Omidalizarandi M.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Buildings are one of the key components in change detection, urban planning, and monitoring. The automatic extraction of the building from high-resolution aerial imagery is still challenging due to the variations in their shapes, structures, textures, and colours. Recently, the convolutional neural networks (CNN) show a significant improvement in object detection and extraction that surpasses other methods. To extract building, in this paper two segmentation architectures, the UNet and the Inception ResNet UNet are implemented and then tested on the Inria aerial image datasets. The Inception ResNet UNet utilizes the Inception architecture and residual blocks. This makes the model wide and deep, though there are a few differences between numbers of UNet and Inception ResNet UNet parameters. The analyses show that UNet has a high rate of metrics in the training progress. However, on the unseen dataset, Inception ResNet UNet extracts buildings more accurately (97.95% accuracy and 0.96 in the dice metric) in comparison with UNet (94.30% accuracy and 0.55 in the dice metric).
Asuhan Kebidanan Kompherensif Pada Ibu G1P0A0 di Praktik Mandiri Bidan
Authors: Heriani
Published: January 2023

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) diseluruh dunia pada tahun 2015 diperkirakan 216/100.000 kelahiran  hidup dan angka kematian  neonatal turun 47% antara tahun 1990-2015, yaitu dari 36/1000 kelahiran hidup menjadi 18,6/1000 kelahiran hidup pada tahun 2015. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode obsevasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilakukan oleh penulis melalui pendekatan manajemen kebidanan. Hasil:Hasil yang diperoleh dari Asuhan Kebidanan Komprehensif yaitu pada kehamilan Ny S adalah kehamilan normal tanpa adanya komplikasi. Pada  persalinan proses persalinan yang dimulai dari Kala I sampai dengan Kala IV berjalan dengan normal tanpa ada kegawatdaruratan. Pada masa nifas keadaan baik, pada Bayi baru lahir tidak ditemukan kelainan. Kesimpulan:Berdasarkan dari data pengkajian yang didapatkan Ny S  maka ditegakkan diagnosa kehamilan, nifas, BBL, Neonatus fisiologis. Perencanaan asuhan kebidanan komprehensif telah dilakukan sesuai dengan assesment, pelaksanaan telah dilakukan sesuai dengan perencanaan yang dibuat, evaluasi telah dilakukan sesuai dengan pelaksanaan yang telah dilakukan dan dokumentasi dilakukan dengan metode SOAP.
Penerapan Manajemen Nyeri Pada Asuhan Keperawatan Pasien Dengan Dismenorea
Authors: Fitriani Agustina  , Afriani Berta
Published: January 2023

Dismenore terjadi karena proses kontraksi rahim yang memaksa wanita untuk istirahat atau berakibat pada menurunnya kinerja dan berkurangnya aktifitas sehari-hari. Pada pasien Dismenore yang merasakan nyeri , maka dengan penerapan manajemen nyeri yaitu dengan kompres hangat buli-buli panas dalam ini diharapkan dapat memberikan hasil keperawatan yang lebih baik. Jenis Penelitian studi kasus ini deskriptif dengan metode Pendekatan Studi Kasus. Penelitian Studi Kasus ini dilakasanakan pada 2 klien Dismenore dengan diagnosa keperawatan Nyeri akut berhubungan dengan agen pencedera fisiologis penerapan manajemn nyeri. Proses Keperawatan terdiri dari Pengkajian, Diagnosa, Intervensi, Inplementasi dan Evaluasi. Teknik Pengumpulan data penelitian studi kasus ini adalah observasi dan wawancara. Penelitian Studi Kasus menunjukkan bahwa Klien sudah memahami dan mampu menerapkan manajemen nyeri dengan mandiri. penelitian studi kasus menununjukan masalah nyeri klien teratasi. Penerapan Manajemen Nyeri dapat menurunkan intensitas Nyeri dengan melakukan intervensi yang telah dilakukan pada pasien dismenorea.
Pengaruh Insentif Pajak dan Sanksi Perpajakan terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Nugraheni Hesty
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh insentif pajak dan sanksi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Bandung Cibeunying, dengan subjek penelitian Wajib Pajak Usaha, Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) yang terdaftar di KPP Pratama Bandung Cibeunying.

Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan verifikatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu survey dengan instrument kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah dengan metode simple random sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 31 orang.

Hasil pengujian yang diperoleh peneliti yaitu variabel insentif pajak dan sanksi perpajakan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Nilai koefisien determinasi menggunakan Adjusted R Square sebesar 0,528 atau 52,8%. Hal ini berarti bahwa variabel insentif pajak (X1) dan sanksi perpajakan (X2) menjelaskan sebesar 52,8% terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak (Y) selama pandemi Covid-19.
Pengaruh Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Umur Perusahaan terhadap Ketepatan Waktu Penyampaian Laporan Keuangan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2019)
Authors: Maulana Firnanda Farhan , Suwarno Agus Endro
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh likuiditas, profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan dan umur perusahaan terhadap ketepatan waktu penyampaian laporan keuangan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2019. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 71 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2016-2019.  Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Faktor-faktor tersebut kemudian diuji dengan menggunakan regresi logistic pada tingkat signifikansi 5 persen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan waktu penyampaian laporan keuangan perusahaan manufaktur. Sedangkan likuiditas, profitabilitas dan umur perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketepatan waktu penyampaian laporan keuangan perusahaan manufaktur.
The Effect Of Audit Delay, Debt Default, And Opinion Shopping On Receiving Going Concern Audit Opinions
Authors: Maghriby Bimbim , Almirah Sahda
Published: January 2023

Intense competition makes the need for financial reports to be adequate and accountable for those who need financial report information. The world of capital markets makes investors have a tool to measure the performance of financial conditions through financial reports to view information in the form of financial performance, cash flow and financial position to be used in making investment decisions. Financial reports are able to inform whether a company has a going concern. The method in this study uses secondary data through data acquisition from Mining Sector Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The output of this research is a published journal and is expected to be input for further research
Buteo spassovi sp. n. - a Late Miocene Buzzard (Accipitridae, Aves) from Bulgaria
Authors: Boev Zlatozar , Kovachev Dimitar
Published: January 2023

The tеnth fossil species of the genus Buteo, second of W Palearctic, is described by an almost complete left tibiotarsus from the town of Hadzhidimovo (former Blagoevgrad District, Sofia Region), dated MN zone 11-12. Both sites of g. Buteo in W Palearctic (Grive-Saint-Alban in SE France and Hadzidimovo in SW Bulgaria) mark the S-European distribution of Buzzards (g. Buteo) during the Miocene. Diagnosis: A fossil Late Miocene species of g. Buteo, differing from modern B. buteo, B. rufinus and B. lagopus by the sharper proximal edge of pons supratendineus, narrower sulcus extensorius, almost twice larger tuberositas retinaculi m. fibularis, better developed linea intermuscularis on the cranial surface of diaphysis, blunter (without a tip) distal end of symphisis tibio-fibularis, and widther distal epiphysis, settled widther apart edges of sulcus tendineus on the lateral side of distal epiphysis.
Bulgaria during the Early Cretaceous - a review
Authors: Nikolov Todor , Ruskova Nikolina
Published: January 2023

The Early Cretaceous basin in Bulgaria was of backarc type and was situated to the north of a large island arc. The latter represented a fragment from mountain chains which emerged during the Late Cimerian structuring. The central part of this arc was avolcanic, whereas its northwestern and eastern parts (as well as probably the most southern one) had considerable volcanic manifestations. The basin was strongly asymmetric possessing a steep southern slope and a flat northern one. The island arc to the south was the main source for the supply of terrigenous material during the whole Early Cretaceous epoch. A slight influence of the Dobrodgea land (especially in Northeastern Bulgaria) took place through the Barremian Age. Three basic phases are outlined in the Early Cretaceous geodynamic evolution: 1. Berriasian-Early Barremian; 2. Late Barremian-Aptian; 3. Albian.
Comparative lithological and geochemical studies of the Palaeozoic rocks from western Bulgaria
Authors: Yanev Slavcho , Khrischev Yavor
Published: January 2023

First attempt to link the lithological data for Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian and Upper Carboniferous rocks from the Svoge Anticlinorium and the Sofiyska Stara Planina Mountain to the results from the multivariate mathematics analysis of data for macro- and microchemical composition of the rocks (correspondence and cluster analysis) was made in the present study. Four groups with enhanced content of the certain macroelements were divided: I - with SiO2; II - with CaO; III - with Na2О; III - with Al, Fe, Mn, Mg, K, volatile and Ti; and 9 subgroups (Ia, Ib, Ic, IIIa, IIIb, IIIc, IVa, IVb, IVc). The group Ia includes Ordovician quartzites, Upper Devonian sandstones, Devonian silicites and Upper Carboniferous sandstones; Ib is composed of mainly Upper Carboniferous polymictic sandstones; Ic consists of argillites of Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian ages. Group II contains sandstones abundant in Ca. Group III comprises sandstones of various ages and with diverse degree of transformation (catagenetic and low metamorphic) or with assistance of volcanic rocks in the source province. Group IV contains argillites: IVa - from the Ordovician Grohoten Formation, tightly linked to Al and K; IVb - from the Tzeretzel Formation, from Upper Silurian, Lower and Middle Devonian, and a part of the Upper Carboniferous argillites; IVc - argillites from the transitional interval between Silurian and Devonian as well as chert argillites from the Lower Silurian. Four groups were determined on the dendrogram obtained after cluster analysis with respect to the microcomposition. The first group (I) contains samples with high amount of Mn (Tzeretzel Formation, Upper Silurian, Middle and Upper Devonian silicites and argillites, Carboniferous sandstones and argillites). The second group (II) is abundant of V, Cr, Rb (Silurian graptolite argillites, less Devonian, Ordovician and Upper Carboniferous argillites). The group III is abundant of Zr (clastic rocks from the Grohoten Formation and from Upper Carboniferous) and group IV is composed of samples with high Sr content (mainly Upper Devonian). The detached groups regarding to macro- and microcomposition are resulting from mineralogical and petrographical features of the rocks and thus they correlate with each other in a certain degree. A certain tendency of variations in the geochemical features of the rocks were established regarding to their evolution from mature sediments (Ordovician and Silurian) to immature sediments (Upper Devonian, Upper Carboniferous), to he change of marine sedimentation (Ordovician - Devonian) to continental one (Upper Carboniferous); to the change in the provenance (sedimentary rocks in the Ordovician and the Silurian, the same plus metamorphic in the Devonian, previous plus intrusivc rocks in the Upper Carboniferous); to the influence of the climate (weaker in the marine deposits and stronger in the continental Upper Carboniferous) etc.
Palaeogene sediments in the Padala graben, northwestern Rila Mountain, Bulgaria
Authors: Zagorchev Ivan , Goranov Aleksander , Vulkov Veselin , Boyanov Ivan
Published: January 2023

The Padala Formation represents the sedimentary filling of the Padala graben. It is built up mostly of polymictic breccia and conglomerate interbedded with thin sandstone beds containing coalefied plant debris and thin coal lenses. The formation is of Palaeogene age. The Padala Formation belonged to a larger Palaeogene basin, and was situated close to the source area of the terrigeneous material.
Lithostratigraphic correlation of the geomorphological forms in Central North Bulgaria and South Romania
Authors: Evlogiev Yordan , Enciu Petru
Published: January 2023

The lithology and stratigraphy of the geomorphological forms of the Danube River and its tributaries in the areas between Vit and Yantra rivers in Bulgaria and Olt and Vedea rivers in Romania have been investigated. In the Central North Bulgaria the following geomorphological forms have been found: Pliocene denudational surface (PDS), old erosional-accumulative level (ОЕAL), river terraces Т6, T5,Т2, Т1 and floodplain T0. In the investigated Romanian area the relief is lower and it consists of old аbrаsive-accumulative lеvеl (ОAAL), river terraces Т6, T5, Т4, Т1 and floodplain Т0. The Pliocene denudational surface (PDS) is formed on Cretaceous sediments. А weathered horizon ('terra rossa') consisting of red clays (RC) is developed on these sediments. In this horizon the episodes Jaramillo, Olduvai, Соbb Mountain and Reanion are established. The absolute age of RC is evaluated of 2.60-0.80 Ма ВР. Loess complex having eight loess horizons and seven fossil soils is formed over the RC horizon. The Brunhes-Matuyama boundary is established between the seventh fossil soil and the eighth loess horizon. The old level in the both Bulgarian (ОЕAL) and Romanian (ОAAL) riversides is а result of fluvial and lacustrine-fluvial processes. It consists of alluvial and loessial deposits. The alluvium is composed of а basal gravely-sandy соmplex (ВGSC) and а соvег gravely-clayey соmрlех (CGCC). On the basis of palaeomagnetic and faunal data the absolute age of BGSC and CGCC is evaluated of 2.60-0.99 and 0.99-0.80 Ма ВР respectively. The loess соmрlех is characterized bу the same lithostratigraphy as on the PDS. The alluvial complex of the Т6 –Т1 river terraces is formed during the Glacial Pleistocene. The floodplain Т0 is deposited in the Holocene. The morphometric comparison of the relative altitudes (towards the mеаn water lеvеl of rivers) of the alluvial uррег surfaces and the base of ОEAL, ОAAL and river terraces in Bulgaria and Romania indicates а presence of positive neotectonic movements. Their gradient is different in the beginning of the Glacial Pleistocene, i.e. during the development of the erosional cuttings between the ОEAL/ОAAL-Т6 and T6-T5. The neotectonic positive movements are uniform in the time of formation of T5, Т4, Т2, Т1 and Т0 river terraces.
Chalcophile elements in some Bulgarian coals
Authors: Kortenski Jordan , Sotirov Anton
Published: January 2023

The occurrence and distribution of Сu, Zn, As, Мо, Ag, Sn and Рb was investigated in coals of various rank (ranging frоm lignite to anthracite) frоm thirteen coal basins in Bulgaria. The concentrations of almost all elements in the coal ash and bulk coal samples frоm the Pernik, Samokov and Sofia Basins аrе the highest and higher than the respective Clarke values, ranges fоr most coals. In other coals (from Kyustendil, Karlovo, Oranovo and Maritza-West Basins) the contents only of some elements аrе higher than the Clarke values. The element concentrations in the coals frоm the Belibreg, Suhostrel and Balkan Basins аrе the lowest. The organic affinity of the elements is found to bе very high in the coals from Maritza-West. The organic affinity also predominates in the coals from the Sofia, Karlovo, Stanyantzi, Pernik, Kyustendil, Oranovo and Svoge Ваsins. Оn the other hand, the inorganic affinity was exhibited in coals frоm the Belibreg, Suhostrel and partly Gabrovitza. The organic affinity of As and Мо and inorganic affinity of Sn аrе the highest. The organic affinity of Сu, Рb, partly Ag is also high and Zn has intermediate affinity. Major factors controlling the occurrence and concentrations of the investigated elements in the Bulgarian coals аrе: 1) the occurrence in the plant tissue and in the rocks frоm the peat bog coastline; 2) source areas fоr surfасе and ground waters which transported the elements into the peat bogs; 3) the рН values in the ancient peat bogs, which control the fixation of elements in the metalorganic compounds оr sulfides; 4) degree of fracturing of the coal seams and 5) the presence and composition of mineral waters, which precipitate infiltrational minerals into the fractures of the coal beds.
A contribution in the estimation of tectonic plate motio from the CLG98 SLR solution
Authors: Georgiev Ivan , Shanov Stefan , Chapanov Javor
Published: January 2023

The Central Laboratory for Geodesy (CLG) Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) global geodetic solution CLG98 based оn the analysis of 650 200 LAGEOS 1 satellite nоrmаl points covered the data span of 11 years - from January 1984 till December 1994 is presented. The data reduction and analysis procedure were made bу the SLRP 3.2 software made in CLG using the most recent models and constants leading to reliable estimates of geodetic and orbital parameters. А wide variety of parameters were derived: coordinates and site velocities of approximately 60 globally distributed sites, earth orientation раrameters and length of the day at three day intervals, selected set of geopotential coefficients, orbit parameters and non-modelled acceleration of the satellite. Assessment of the results obtained аrе performed. In the рареr we discuss the strategy and the results of the CLG98 globаl solution with emphasize оn the plate tectonic motion derived. The tectonic results for the major plates and their comparison with the NUVEL1A global model аrе рrеsented. Tectonic results for the areas not suitably described bу the global models, such as Mediterranean tectonic system, аrе also discussed.
Giá trị tiên lượng tử vong của điểm Rotterdam ở bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não nặng
Authors: Huy Nguyễn Quang
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Tìm hiểu giá trị tiên lượng tử vong của điểm Rotterdam ở bệnh nhân chấn thương sọ não nặng. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 56 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán chấn thương sọ não nặng điều trị tại Khoa Hồi sức ngoại, Trung tâm Hồi sức Cấp cứu-Chống độc, Bệnh viện Quân y 103. Nghiên cứu thuần tập tiến cứu. Xác định tuổi, giới tính, nguyên nhân, điểm Glasgow, điểm Rotterdam thời điểm vào viện và đánh giá kết cục trong 28 ngày. Kết quả và kết luận: Điểm Rotterdam trung bình của nhóm tử vong (4,28 ± 1,05) cao hơn so với nhóm sống (3,17 ± 1,20) với p=0,001. Điểm Rotterdam tiên lượng tử vong với diện tích dưới đường cong 0,753, p=0,002, điểm cutoff 3,5 có độ nhạy 81% và độ đặc hiệu 65,7%.
Triệu chứng ngứa da và các yếu tố liên quan trên bệnh nhân vảy nến
Authors: Anh Lê Vân
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Xác định tần suất ngứa và đặc điểm lâm sàng ở bệnh nhân vảy nến đến khám tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả trên 83 bệnh nhân vảy nến. Kết quả: 100% bệnh nhân vảy nến có biểu hiện ngứa, trong đó có 96,4% biểu hiện ngứa mạn tính. Vị trí ngứa thường gặp bao gồm chi dưới, đầu, lưng. Tổng điểm PASI ở bệnh nhân ngứa nhiều (trung vị 15,6) cao hơn so với nhóm bệnh nhân ngứa ít (trung vị 5,7). Kết luận: Ngứa là triệu chứng phổ biến trên bệnh nhân vảy nến, gây khó chịu và ảnh hưởng chất lượng cuộc sống. Do đó, kiểm soát triệu chứng ngứa có thể giúp cải thiện kết cục điều trị.
Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật điều trị dị tật vành tai vùi bằng kỹ thuật nhiều vạt trượt V-Y cải tiến
Authors: Đức Nguyễn Quang
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Kỹ thuật V-Y điều trị bệnh lý vành tai vùi có nhiều ưu điểm, nhưng nhược điểm là lộ sẹo và chân tóc bị thấp. Nghiêu cứu nhằm mục tiêu đánh giá hiệu quả một kỹ thuật cải tiến trong điều trị bệnh lý này. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 6 bệnh nhân với 9 vành tai vùi được điều trị phẫu thuật bằng phương pháp nhiều vạt V-Y cải tiến tại Trung tâm Phẫu thuật Sọ mặt và Tạo hình - Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ tháng 1/2018 đến tháng 12/2021. Thời gian theo dõi từ 6 tháng đến 4 năm. Kết quả: 6 bệnh nhân (4 nam, 2 nữ) tuổi từ 3-15, trung bình 6,67 tuổi. Tái tạo được rãnh sau tai, góc vành tai xương chũm tăng lên từ 10º đến 12º. Kết quả điều trị loại tốt (55,6%), khá (33,3%), kém (11,1%). Có 1 bệnh nhân sẹo lồi. Các đường sẹo mổ được giấu sau tai, chân tóc không thay đổi. Không có bệnh nhân nào tái phát. Kết luận: Kỹ thuật sử dụng nhiều vạt V-Y dạng trượt cải tiến điều trị hiệu quả cho dị tật vành tai vùi. Với tỷ lệ thành công cao, khắc phục được nhược điểm của kỹ thuật V-Y kinh điển. Đây là một sự lựa chọn cho các phẫu thuật viên khi điều trị loại bệnh lý này.
Đánh giá kết quả sử dụng vạt đùi trước ngoài làm mỏng trong tạo hình tổn khuyết phần mềm vùng cổ mặt tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108
Authors: Linh Lê Diệp
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả sử dụng vạt đùi trước ngoài làm mỏng với kỹ thuật có bảo tồn đảo cân mỡ quanh vị trí cuống mạch xuyên cân vào vạt. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, can thiệp lâm sàng không nhóm chứng trên nhóm bệnh nhân có khuyết hổng rộng vùng hàm mặt được điều trị tại Trung tâm Phẫu thuật Sọ mặt và Tạo hình, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội từ 1/2016 đến 1/2022. Kết quả: Tổng số 35 vạt đùi trước ngoài làm mỏng đã được sử dụng cho bệnh nhân cần tạo hình các khuyết hổng phần mềm vùng cổ mặt tại Trung tâm Phẫu thuật Sọ mặt và Tạo hình, Bệnh viện TWQĐ 108. Độ dày vạt trước khi làm mỏng từ 1,3-3,5cm, trung bình là 2,4cm; kích thước vạt được làm mỏng từ 6 × 18cm tới 16 × 25cm, trung bình là 8,6 × 19cm. Độ mỏng của vạt sau khi làm mỏng từ 0,3-0,8cm, trung bình là 0,5cm; thời gian làm mỏng vạt từ 5 đến 12 phút và trung bình hết 8,7 phút. Có 31/35 vạt sống toàn bộ, 2 vạt thất bại không phải do làm mỏng vạt mà do nguyên nhân khác. Kết luận: Vạt đùi trước ngoài có thể làm mỏng với kỹ thuật đơn giản. Kết quả gần và xa sử dụng vạt đùi trước ngoài cho tạo hình các tổn khuyết phần mềm vùng đầu cổ đạt 88,6% và 86,2% loại tốt theo cả tiêu chí chức năng và thẩm mỹ, việc phẫu tích vạt trên lâm sàng thuận lợi, kỹ thuật làm mỏng vạt dễ dàng, tốn ít thời gian, an toàn trong cấp máu cho vạt, không có sự khác biệt so với vạt đùi trước ngoài không làm mỏng.
Ung thư biểu mô nguyên bào men răng (ameloblastic carcinoma) di căn phổi - Báo cáo trường hợp lâm sàng và tổng quan tài liệu
Authors: Công Cung Văn
Published: January 2023

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) là một khối u ác tính của biểu mô nguyên bào men răng, hiếm gặp, thường bắt đầu trong xương hàm. U phát sinh từ biểu mô hình thành nên men răng, hình thái phát triển của biểu mô men răng tương tự như mầm răng đang phát triển và đủ đặc biệt để phân biệt nó với các biểu mô ác tính khác. Hàm dưới là vị trí phổ biến nhất cho sự phát triển của AC; ít gặp ở hàm trên; vô cùng hiếm ở nền sọ trước. Các triệu chứng thường gặp là sưng phồng ngách tiền đình, biến dạng tầng dưới mặt hoặc vùng hàm trên tiến triển tăng dần, có dấu hiệu pingpon tại vùng khối u khi xương hàm bị tiêu mỏng, có thể đau tại vùng khối u, chảy máu chân răng và đau đầu cũng có thể xảy ra. Một số không có triệu chứng. Chẩn đoán xác định bệnh thường căn cứ kết quả giải phẫu bệnh và hoá mô miễn dịch.    AC thường có độ ác tính cao và có thể di căn đến các khu vực khác của cơ thể, đặc biệt là phổi. Xương, gan và não cũng là những vị trí di căn phổ biến. Điều trị u nguyên phát chủ yếu bằng phẫu thuật, xạ trị tại chỗ; hoá trị và miễn dịch bổ trợ hiện chưa chứng minh được tính hiệu quả trong điều trị. Bệnh thường tái phát dai dẳng với tính chất lan rộng tại chỗ, bệnh nhân thường tử vong do những tổn thương thứ phát. Hiện tại ở Việt Nam chưa có nhiều nghiên cứu về loại ung thư này nên việc chẩn đoán, điều trị còn khá nhiều khó khăn. Chúng tôi giới thiệu trường hợp bệnh AC di căn phổi đến khám và điều trị tại Bệnh viện Phổi trung ương với mong muốn bổ sung vào y văn căn bệnh hiếm gặp và khuyến cáo phương cách tiếp cận chẩn đoán, điều trị căn bệnh này.
Nghiên cứu tình trạng nhiễm EBV ở bệnh nhân ung thư dạ dày tại Việt Nam
Authors: Khánh Phạm Hồng
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Xác định tình trạng nhiễm EBV và đặc điểm ung thư dạ dày có EBV dương tính. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 179 bệnh nhân: Ung thư dạ dày (n = 89) và viêm dạ dày mạn (n = 90) được chẩn đoán bằng mô bệnh học. Tình trạng nhiễm EBV được xác định bằng kỹ thuật realtime PCR. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nhiễm EBV nhóm nghiên cứu là 133/179 bệnh nhân (74,3%), trong đó nhóm ung thư dạ dày cao hơn nhóm viêm dạ dày mạn tính (80,9% so với 67,8%), sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê (p<0,05). Ung thư dạ dày có tỷ lệ nhiễm EBV cao nhất ở nhóm tuổi trẻ (dưới 45), vị trí khối u hay gặp ở tâm vị và thân vị (100% và 92,9%, tương ứng). Kết luận: Nhiễm EBV có thể là “nguy cơ” ung thư dạ dày tại Việt Nam. Ung thư dạ dày có EBV dương tính gặp nhiều ở bệnh nhân trẻ tuổi và vị trí khối u ở phần trên của dạ dày.
Mô tả đặc điểm về kích thước mạch máu ngoại vi một số bộ phận gà ta tươi tại Khoa Y học thực nghiệm, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108
Authors: Hùng Vũ Mạnh
Published: January 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả một số đặc điểm kích thước mạch máu ngoại vi của gà ta tươi ứng dụng làm các mô hình đào tạo vi phẫu mạch máu thực nghiệm. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, các bộ phận gà ta tươi, được bảo quản lạnh gồm: Cổ gà, cánh gà, đùi gà, chân gà, mỗi bộ phận gồm 31 cái. Các mạch máu được đánh giá đường kính ngoài và chiều dài gồm: Động mạch cảnh, tĩnh mạch cảnh, động mạch cánh tay, tĩnh mạch nền, động mạch quay, động mạch trụ, động mạch đùi, tĩnh mạch đùi, động mạch chày, tĩnh mạch chày, động mạch mu chân, tĩnh mạch mu chân. Kết quả: Tổng số 434 mạch máu của 14 loại mạch máu trong 31 cổ gà, 31 cánh gà, 31 đùi gà và 31 chân gà được đánh giá. Trung bình đường kính ngoài của tĩnh mạch đùi là lớn nhất (2,52 ± 0,29mm), nhỏ nhất là động mạch quay (0,74 ± 0,25mm). Trung bình chiều dài mạch máu động mạch cảnh phải là dài nhất (137,03 ± 20,08mm), ngắn nhất là tĩnh mạch nền (46,55 ± 7,57mm). Kết luận: Mô hình gà có nhiều loại mạch máu với các phổ kích thước khác nhau về đường kính ngoài và chiều dài. Có thể ứng dụng mô hình cho đào tạo vi phẫu mạch máu và siêu vi phẫu trên thực nghiệm, phù hợp cho cả học viên mới và học viên kinh nghiệm. Mô hình này dễ tìm, chi phí thấp, học viên có thể thiết lập mô hình ở mọi địa điểm và thời gian để rèn luyện kỹ thuật vi phẫu mạch máu.
BFGO: Bamboo Forest Growth Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Shu-Chuan Chu Shu-Chuan Chu , Shu-Chuan Chu Qing Feng , Qing Feng Jia Zhao , Jia Zhao Jeng-Shyang Pan
Published: January 2023

The heuristic optimization algorithm is a popular optimization method for solving optimization problems. However, the main disadvantage of this type of algorithm is the unstable performance, and the performance depends on the specific problem and the designer’s experience, so inappropriate algorithms or parameters will lead to poor performance for solving optimization. In this paper, a new meta-heuristic algorithm—bamboo forest growth optimization (BFGO) algorithm is proposed. The BFGO algorithm refers to the growth law of bamboo: first, take root clearly, and then grow wildly. The growth characteristics of bamboo forests and the optimization process of the algorithm are integrated, and the test is carried out on 30 functions of the CEC2017 test set, and the algorithm is applied to four classical problems of engineering optimization. Compared with well-known heuristic algorithms, the BFGO algorithm has better performance.

 
Frequency of Covid-19 in Pregnant Women and its Effects on Fetal and Maternal Outcome
Authors: Rana Mehreen Yousaf , Abbas Haider , Parveen Uzma , Saifuddin Zahra , Ibad Zoya , Sitwat Roha
Published: January 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of COVID-19 in pregnant women and its effects on feto-maternal outcomes at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of gynae and OBS, at Ziauddin University and Hospital Karachi, from April, 2020 to August 2020. All the pregnant women at term who were admitted for delivery in maternity unit, aged more than 18 years old, and of either parity, were included. After taking written and verbal informed consent women were offered to be tested for SARS-COV2 via Nasopharyngeal PCR swab test. Those women who tested positive for the COVID-19 test were treated according to the severity of the symptoms, and asymptomatic and clinically sound patients were shifted to isolation rooms. Women who presented in spontaneous labour were treated as SARS COV2 positive for safety purposes. SPSS version 22 was used to perform the analysis, all of the data. Results: A total of 454 pregnant females were tested for SARS-CoV2 via a nasopharyngeal PCR swab test, and 12 (3%) women tested positive. Out of the 12 women testing positive, 4 were preterm births, and no significant association was found between COVID PCR being positive (p=0.00) and preterm birth (p=0.112). Five out of 12 women testing positive had an episode(s) of leaking. There was a strong association between COVID PCR being positive and episodes of leaking (p=0.001). Three out of 12 women testing positive had fetal distress, while 19 out of 454 women testing negative had fetal distress (p=0.004). There were no cases of APH or PPH reported in women testing positive; however, out of 442 women testing negative, 1 APH and 3 PPH were reported. There was no mortality in either of the patients, mother or neonate. Conclusion: As per the study conclusion, the frequency of COVID-19 among women during pregnancy was observed to be only 3%, which was significantly linked to the pneumonia, leaking, and fetal distress. Keywords: Covid-19, pregnancy, complications, mortality
Predictors of Early Outcome in Patients Admitted at the Emergency Department with Traumatic Brain Injury: a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Aslam , Shah Irfanullah , Mehmood Khalid
Published: January 2023

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that help predict early mortality in patients in the emergency department that have suffered a severe traumatic brain injury. Study design: A retrospective cross-sectional study Place and duration: Chandka Medical College/ Civil Hospital Larkana. April 2018- March 2020 Methodology: Retrospective analysis was used to study 198 patients that were admitted to the emergency department due to severe traumatic brain injury. The radiological, clinical, basic demographical, and biological data were all recorded when the patient was first admitted and while they were staying in the emergency department. Results: The results showed that 42 patients died. According to the univariate analysis, the presence of low value of Glasgow coma scale, bilateral mydriasis, shock, the high value of injury severity score, and cardiac arrest played a major role in the deaths of such patients. Poor outcome was associated with cerebral hematoma, subdural hematoma, and meningeal hemorrhage. A link was seen between poor prognosis and cardiac arrest and cerebral hematoma. Conclusions: In our study, subdural hematoma, intracranial hematoma, and meningeal hemorrhage were associated with mortality. To improve the prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury, prehospital care has to be improved. Additionally, futile resuscitations should be avoided. It is also very important to take a CT scan of the head as urgently as possible to detect operable mass lesions. Keywords: traumatic brain injury, early outcome, emergency department
To Determine the Frequency of Thrombocytopenia in Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Hussain Ghulam , Ahmad Furqan , Akhtar Sohail , Khan Sara , . Faiza , Haider Zulqarnain
Published: January 2023

Background: During the first month of life, a baby may develop neonatal sepsis, a clinical state of bacterial infection marked by signs and symptoms of systemic involvement. There is a high mortality and morbidity rate linked with neonatal sepsis. Objective: The goal of this study is to quantify the incidence of thrombocytopenia among babies with sepsis who come to the Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar. Methods: This cross-sectional study after the ethical approval the study was conducted at the Pediatrics Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar from 17-03-2020 to 17-09-2020. A total of 112 neonates up to 28 days of age with neonatal sepsis were included in the study in a consecutive manner and checked for platelet count to detect thrombocytopenia. Results: The mean age of the sample was 14.2 ± 6.8 days. Out of 112 neonates included in the study, there were 66.1% male patients and 33.9% female patients. Mean gestational age at birth was 39.4 ± 1.7 weeks. Mean birth weight of the neonate according to records was 3.1 ± 0.8 kg. 46% of the neonates have the Thrombocytopenia. No significant difference in the age (P=0.445), gender of neonate (P=0.085), gestational age at birth (P= 0.356), weight at birth wise (P= 0.456) stratification of the Thrombocytopenia was observed in the study participants. Practical implication: this study will help to determine the frequency of neonatal sepsis in Pakistani general population and will also highlight the factor associated with increased chance of neonatal sepsis in thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Neonates with sepsis often exhibit thrombocytopenia. No firm conclusions can be drawn about the relationship between Thrombocytopenia and sepsis from this research. Keywords: Thrombocytopenia, neonatal sepsis, meningitis, platelet count
Saccharomyces Boulardii Vs. Yogurt Fluid for Acute Diarrhoea: A Clinical Efficacy Comparison
Authors: Tabassum Saima , Hanif Hafiz Haseeb , Riaz Sohaib , Ahmed Nabeel , Ahsan Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Objective: To compare clinical efficacy of Saccharomyces Boulardii vs. Yogurt Fluid for acute diarrhoea. Methodology: We enrolled 100 cases of acute non-bloody diarrhoea (regardless of gender) between 6 months and 2 years of age in which the duration of diarrhoea was less than 14 days from Madinah teaching hospital, Faisalabad during March till September, 2022. Cases were randomly classified into (A) and (B). Group A received Saccharomyces boulardii (250mg BD for five days) whereas Group B received yoghurt fluid (15 mL twice a day for toddlers 2 years and 30 mL twice a day for children 2 years). Both groups were rehydrated and fed. Clinical effectiveness was 3 stools or fewer each day till day 5. Results: In our study, mean age in Group A was 12.36+4.35 months and in Group B 12.96+5.12 months, p-value=0.529, mean No. of stools before treatment was 7.36+1.21 in Group A and 7.50+1.22 in Group B, p-value=0.565, which reduced to 4.38+1.37 in Group A and 5.24+1.00 in Group B, p-value=0.001. Gender distribution shows that male were 57(57%) and 43(43%) were females. Comparison of clinical efficacy shows that 32(64%) in Group A and 21(42%) in Group-B, p-value=0.022 showing a significant difference. Conclusion: We found that Saccharomyces Boulardi had a much better clinical effectiveness than yoghurt fluid in treating acute diarrhoea in children without blood. Keywords: Children, acute diarrhoea, Saccharomyces Boulardii, Yogurt Fluid, clinical efficacy
Assessment of Serum Levels of the Matrix-Metalloproteinase-9, Prostaglandin E-2 and Cyclo-Oxygenase-2 as a Candidate Biomarker of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Riaz Adnan , Ghuman Ahmad Ashar , Khalid Sabeen
Published: January 2023

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are one of the crucial and increasing global health complications. It has highest prevalence not only in Pakistan but also the large cases of COPD are reported world widely. Objective: The study was carried out to find the relationship between elevated serum level of Prostaglandin E2, Matrix-metalloproteinase-9 and Cyclo-oxygenase-2 and Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Study design: It is a case control study conducted at department of biochemistry, Islam Medical College, Sialkot for the duration of six months from February 2022 to July 222. Material and Methods: The patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were selected for the study. Two groups were made, control group contained 41 healthy individuals and diseased group contained 39 patients. All the patients that were not according to the inclusion criteria were excluded from the study. Results: Average age of patients was calculated and it came out to be 57 years in case of control group and 61 for COPD patients. There were almost similar numbers of male and female members in both groups. The body mass index was also calculated and it was found that 15 participants from the COPD group fell under 23-25 kg/m2 group. Conclusion: The level was found to be high for Matrix-metalloproteinase-9, Prostaglandin E-2 and Cyclooxygenase- 2 in the serum of patients suffering from COPD. The level was increasing as the GOLD grading was increased. Smoking is positively related to the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. The level of, PGE-2 and COX-2 showed a positive association with the chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases patients. Keywords: biomarker and Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.