bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Participation of EU Member States’ Citizens on Foreign Culture and Cultural Products
Authors: Ardielli Eva
Published: December 2019

Culture is an important topic of the present time. It is at the heart of contemporary debates about identity, social cohesion, and the development of a knowledge-based economy. The international organizations, like UNESCO, OECD, Council of Europe, as well as European Commission are affirming, that respect for the diversity of cultures, tolerance, dialogue and cooperation, in a climate of mutual trust and understanding, are among the best guarantees of international peace and security. Therefore the cultural and creative sectors are considered as very important in European Union countries. The article deals with the issue of the participation of EU citizens on foreign cultures and cultural product as the expression of interest and openness of the citizens of individual EU member countries to get known foreign culture of other EU member state. The willingness of EU citizens to participate in foreign cultures across EU is evaluated based on the indicators describing the level of foreign languages knowledge and the participation in foreign cultural products. The evaluation was performed by usage of multi-criteria decision making methods, of MAPPAC method. As the result of the analyse is evident the different attitude to foreign culture of citizens in individual EU countries.
IGUALDAD Y NO DISCRIMINACIÓN EN EL DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL ARGENTINO
Authors: Salerno Gonzalo
Published: December 2019

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Information and tool support of business analysis procedures
Authors: Belyeva G. V. , Nuzhdin R. V. , Ponomareva N. I. , Savvina E. A. , Artemenko T. D.
Published: December 2019

Information and instrumental support of business analytical procedures involves the selection of methods and the development of tools, which together constitute a methodological justification (scheme) for the formation of accounting information. The sequence of hierarchical procedures consists of evaluating strictly justified parameters and indicators, identifying deviations that characterize compliance with norms and standards, normative and planned values. It is proposed to carry out the algorithmization of procedures in accordance with the sequence of implementation of the main business processes, which includes four stages: procurement of materials, production of products, sale of products, determination of financial results. Due to the lack of a unified methodology for accounting for deviations for the purposes of indicative management in domestic practice, as well as to eliminate contradictions and shortcomings in the existing approaches, it is proposed to supplement the tools of the Standard-cost system with new accounting and analytical attributes. Enhanced systematization of the revealed deviations by their types (quantitative, qualitative and cost (monetary)) and by the stages of the implementation of business processes are provided by the developed multi-level analytical accounts and specific accounting records. Detailing by level and accounting for deviations make it possible to generate data with a high analytical capacity and using summarizing tools to obtain summarizing information for making effective management decisions. Implementation of the proposed information-instrumental approach in business analytical practice will provide an opportunity to proactively monitor the vector and level of deviations, identify the causes of their manifestations and those responsible, more accurately predict the results of efforts and take operational measures to ensure the proper level of achievement of goals in accordance with strategic and operational interests organization.
Is Reduced Planck’s Constant- An Outcome of Electroweak Gravity?
Authors: Seshavatharam U.V.S. , Lakshminarayana S.
Published: December 2019

To understand the mystery of final unification, in our earlier publications, we proposed that there exist three atomic gravitational constants associated with electroweak, strong and electromagnetic interactions. During cosmic evolution, if one is willing to give equal importance to Higgs boson and Planck mass in understanding the massive origin of elementary particles, then it seems quite logical to expect a common relation in between Planck scale and Electroweak scale. Based on these two points, we noticed that, electroweak field seems to be operated by a primordial massive fermion of rest energy 585 GeV. It can be considered as the zygote of all elementary particles and galactic dark matter. H-bar seems to be a characteristic outcome of unified electroweak gravity. Electron rest mass seems to be a characteristic outcome of electroweak and strong gravity. Proton rest mass seems to be a characteristic outcome of electroweak, strong and electromagnetic gravity. Recently observed 3.5 keV photon seems to be an outcome of annihilation of charged baby lepton of rest energy 1.75 keV. Interesting point to be noted is that, Schwarzschild radius of electron is 0.48 nanometer and it needs further investigation with respect to emerging nano-science and technology. Proceeding further, by considering electromagnetic and weak gravitational constants, neutron life time can be understood.
Superintelligent Deep Learning Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Adamu Jamilu
Published: December 2019

Activation Functions are crucial parts of the Deep Learning Artificial Neural Networks. From the Biological point of view, a neuron is just a node with many inputs and one output. A neural network consists of many interconnected neurons. It is a “simple” device that receives data at the input and provides a response. The function of neurons is to process and transmit information; the neuron is the basic unit in the nervous system. Carly Vandergriendt (2018) stated the human brain at birth consists of an estimated 100 billion Neurons. The ability of a machine to mimic human intelligence is called Machine Learning. Deep Learning Artificial Neural Networks was designed to work like a human brain with the aid of arbitrary choice of Non-linear Activation Functions. Currently, there is no rule of thumb on the choice of Activation Functions, “Try out different things and see what combinations lead to the best performance”, however, sincerely; the choice of Activation Functions should not be Trial and error. Jamilu (2019) proposed that Activation Functions shall be emanated from AI-ML-Purified Data Set and its choice shall satisfy Jameel’s ANNAF Stochastic and or Deterministic Criterion. The objectives of this paper are to propose instances where Deep Learning Artificial Neural Networks are SUPERINTELLIGENT. Using Jameel’s ANNAF Stochastic and or Deterministic Criterion, the paper proposed four classes where Deep Learning Artificial Neural Networks are Superintelligent namely; Stochastic Superintelligent, Deterministic Superintelligent, and Stochastic-Deterministic 1st and 2nd Levels Superintelligence. Also, a Normal Probabilistic-Deterministic case was proposed.
Urbanization: Exploring Rural-Urban Migration, Conflict, and Anthropogenic Change in Colombia
Authors: Camargo Guibor , Sampayo Andrés Miguel , Peña Galindo Andrés , Escobedo Francisco , Carriazo Fernando , Fejed-Rivadeneira Alejandro
Published: December 2019

Anthropogenic change is generally associated with population growth, land use change, and changing economies. However, internal migration patterns and armed conflicts can also be key drivers behind these anthropogenic change and demographic change processes. To better understand this dynamic, we explore the spatial relationship between forced migration due to armed conflict and changing demographic factors in Colombia; a country with a recent history of 7 million internal migrants. First, we spatiotemporally analyzed the relationship between anthropogenic and demographic change due to forced migration from internal armed conflicts using remote sensing to measure anthropogenic change during 1984-2018 and we then used statistical and spatial analyses of demographic data. We found that anthropogenic change is significantly and positively related with increased rural-urban migration. Results show that interregional expulsion is also negatively associated with such anthropogenic change. Indeed, different regions anthropogenic prints have had different sensibilities towards forced migration, and across different time periods. Findings are then used to discuss how social and political phenomena such as armed conflict can have significant effects on the dynamics and trajectories of humans and territories in countries such as Colombia.
Communication with Self-growing Character to Develop Physically Growing Robot Toy Agent
Authors: Lee Mingu , Kim Jiyong , Jeong Hyunsu , Pham Azure , Lee Changhyeon , Lee Pilwoo , Soe Thiha , Kim Seong-Woo , Eune Juhyun
Published: December 2019

Robots for communication are developed extensively with emphasis on sympathy. This study deals with the growth of character and the control of its operation accordingly. The child has time to be alone with the nature of his/her robot friend. The child can interact with other people's emotional expressions through a robot. Step by step, the robot character will grow as the child grows. Through design studies, qualitative processes such as {customer experience audit, eye tracking, mental model diagrams, semantic differences} have been executed for the results. The participatory behavior research approach through user travel is mapped from the user's lead to the evidence-based design. This research considers how the synthetic characteristics can be applied to the physical growth of robot toys through the product design process. With the development of robot toy "Buddy", we tried making two variations on the robot to achieve recognizable growth. (1) An one-dimensional height scaling and (2) facial expression including the distance between two eyes on the screen. Observations represented children's reactions when "Buddy" was released to with the children. As an independent synthetic character, the robot was recognized by children who had the designed function. Robots for training may require more experimentation.
Genetic Algorithm Design of MOF-Based Gas Sensor Arrays for CO2-in-Air Sensing
Authors: Day Brian A. , Wilmer Christopher E.
Published: December 2019

Gas sensor arrays, also known as electronic noses, leverage a diverse set of materials to identify the components of complex gas mixtures. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising materials for electronic noses due to their high-surface areas and chemical as well as structural tunability. Using our recently reported genetic algorithm design approach, we examined a set of 50 MOFs and searched through the over 1.125x1015 unique array combinations to identify optimal arrays for the detection of CO2 in air. We found that despite individual MOFs having lower selectivity for O2 or N2 relative to CO2, intelligently selecting the right combinations of MOFs enabled accurate prediction of the concentrations of all components in the mixture (i.e. CO2, O2, N2). We also analyzed the physical properties of the elements in the arrays to develop an intuition for improving array design. Notably, we find that diversity among the surface areas in the MOFs leads to improved sensing. Consistent with the observation, we found that, as one might expect, the best arrays consistently had more structural diversity than the worst arrays.
Identification of a Novel Fumarate Reductase Potentially Involved in Electron Bifurcation
Authors: Van Kranenburg Richard , Koendjbiharie Jeroen Girwar
Published: December 2019

In the succinic acid-producing bacterium Pseudoclostridium thermosuccinogenes the fumarate reductase (FRD) genes reside in an operon together with those encoding an electron bifurcating complex (FlxABCD-HdrABC) that shuttles electrons from NADH to ferredoxin and a disulfide bond. Based on phylogeny and genomic co-occurrence we propose two hypothetical mechanisms via which the FRD is involved in electron bifurcation: (I) A disulfide bond from a hitherto unknown cofactor is reduced by the electron-bifurcating FlxABCD-HdrABC complex, using NADH to generate two thiol groups, while facilitating the unfavourable reduction of ferredoxin by NADH. The disulfide bond is subsequently regenerated via the reduction of fumarate by the FRD using the previously formed thiol groups. (II) The FRD forms an integral part of the FlxABCD-HdrABC complex, and NADH is used to reduce ferredoxin and fumarate directly, without an intermediate disulfide-forming cofactor. Either way enables the conservation of additional energy by a soluble FRD, analogous to fumarate respiration.
Time- and Dose-Dependent Effects of Ionizing Irradiation on the Membrane Expression of Hsp70 on Glioma Cells
Authors: Fellinger Helena , Stangl Stefan , Hernandez Alicia , Pieper Marija , Shevstov Maxim , Multhoff Gabriele
Published: December 2019

The major stress-inducible Hsp70 (HSPA1A) is overexpressed in highly aggressive tumor cells including glioblastoma multiforme and presented on their plasma membrane. Ionizing irradiation increases cytosolic and membrane-bound Hsp70 (mHsp70) on tumor cells. Depending on its intracellular or membrane localization, Hsp70 either promotes tumor growth or serves as a target for the innate immune system. To define the optimal window for a therapy with Hsp70-tageting NK cells the kinetics of the mHsp70 density on the plasma membrane of human glioma cells (U87) has been studied after radiotherapy by multiparameter flow cytometry. Cell cycle dependent alterations in the mHsp70 expression were excluded by seeding different cell numbers on day 0. Low dose irradiation (2 Gy) results in a slow upregulation of the mHsp70 density in U87 cells which peaks on day 4 and starts to decline from day 7 onwards. In contrast, higher radiation doses (4 Gy, 6 Gy) resulted in a faster upregulation of mHsp70 expression on days 2 and 1, respectively, followed by a decline from day 5 onwards. Functionally, elevated mHsp70 densities correlate with an improved lysis by Hsp70-targeting NK cells. In summary, the kinetics of changes in the mHsp70 density upon irradiation on tumor cells is time and dose-dependent.
Concrete-Galvalume Composite Behavior under Elevated Temperatures, Experiment and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Maryoto Agus , Aylie Han , Marius Jonkers Hendriks
Published: December 2019

A galvalume corrugated sheet was utilized as formwork for a reinforced concrete beam in flexure. A numerical model was validated to the experimentally obtained data, and further adopted to simulate the behavior of this composite structure under elevated temperatures. The properties and constitutive stress-strain data of the basic materials were obtained from experiments, and superimposed into the finite element model. The study concluded that the load carrying capacity of the member decreased as a direct function on temperature increase, and the cracking moment was very sensitive to the temperature fluctuation. The elevated temperatures also altered the failure mode.
A New Secure RFID Anti-Counterfeiting and Anti-theft Scheme for Merchandise
Authors: Khalil Ghaith , Doss Robin , Chowdhury Morshed
Published: December 2019

Counterfeiting and theft have always been problems that incur high costs and results in considerable losses for the international markets. In this research paper, we will address the issue of counterfeiting while using RFID technology in retailer systems or other industries by presenting a new anti-counterfeiting and anti-theft system for the retailer market. This system will address the two above mentioned issues and provide a solution that can save the retailer systems millions of dollars yearly. This proposed system will achieve the objective of preventing or minimising the counterfeiting and theft of tagged products. At the same time, it will provide a strong indication for suspiciously sold or obtained items. Furthermore, we conducted a security analysis to prove the correctness of our protocol on the basis of the strand spaces.
Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Groundnut Breeding in Burkina Faso
Authors: Konate Moumouni , Sanou Jacob , Miningou Amos , Okello David Kalule , Desmae Haile , Pasupuleti Janila , Mumm Rita H.
Published: December 2019

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major food and cash crop in Burkina Faso. Due to growing demand for raw oilseeds, there is an increasing interest in groundnut production from traditional rain-fed areas to irrigated environments. However, despite implementation of many initiatives in the past to increase groundnut productivity and production, the groundnut industry still struggles to prosper, due to several constraints including minimal development research and fluctuating markets. Yield penalty due to drought and biotic stresses continue to be a major drawback for groundnut production. This review traces progress in the groundnut breeding that started in Burkina Faso before the country’s political independence in 1960 through to present times. Up to the 1980s, groundnut improvement was led by international research institutions such as IRHO (Institute of Oils and Oleaginous Research) and ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics). However, international breeding initiatives were not sufficient to establish a robust domestic groundnut breeding programme. This review also provides essential information about opportunities and challenges of groundnut research in Burkina Faso, emphasising the need for institutional attention to genetic improvement of the crop.
Cavitation Simulation and Mechanism Analysis of Underwater Jet of Cleaning Equipment for Aquaculture Fishing Net
Authors: Yuan Taiping , Huang Xiaohua , Hu Yu , Wang Shaomin , Liu Haiyang , Tao Qiyou , Guo Gengxi
Published: December 2019

In order to reveal the mechanism and influencing factors of high pressure jet cavitation of nozzle in submerged environment, this study focused on the evolutionary process of cavitation bubbles and combined finite volume method and mixed multi-phase flow model to analyze the cavitation, velocity distribution and experimental cavitation intensity of fishing net cleaning equipment. Results show that the cavitation inception, growth and collapse mainly occurred in the peripheral region of the flow field. Ring-shaped cavitation erosion zone appeared on the test sample target. A lot of small dense erosion pits were densely distributed in the ring-shaped erosion zone, erosion marks were observed in the center. The cavitation erosion intensity was greatly affected by the nozzle structure. As the diameter of nozzle increased from 0.6 mm to 1 mm, the maximum gas volume fraction increased by 8.53%. The nozzle outlet enlargement angle greatly increased the cavitation intensity. The nozzle with an outlet angle of 30° exhibited the optimal cavitation erosion performance . The cavitation volume fraction of the nozzle with short necking structure was slightly larger than that of the nozzle with long necking structure at the same level in the necking length rang of 3mm to 7mm. In terms of the influence of nozzle structure on the cavitation erosion effect, the nozzle diameter D ranked the first, followed by the outlet angle α, and the necking length L was at the last.
Business English Teaching Mode Under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Yan Li
Published: December 2019

Based on big data, business English teaching mode is a reform of traditional teaching mode. It comprehensively records the teaching process through real-time data sharing. This paper discusses the application of "big data" in business English teaching design, teaching content, teaching methods and teaching evaluation. It is proposed that business English teaching mode under the background of big data can fully mobilize autonomy and creativity, which is conducive to deepening classroom teaching reform, carrying out all-round independent learning, strengthening daily teaching management, optimizing talent training mode and promoting educational informatization reform.
Impact of Seeds of Andizhan-36 Cotton Light And Various Methods for Cotton Harvesting
Authors: Atabaeva Mamura Sadirdin Kizi  , Qodirov Odiljon  , Xoliqova Gulirano
Published: December 2019

With the use of resource-saving agricultural technology, using a new combine unit, once in the fall, nitrogen was applied at 50% of the annual rate of nitrogen 200% in liquid ammonia and the remaining 50% in the form of cotton ammonium nitrate. In the series and double-planted variants, the planting thickness of the cotton was greater than 1.2-5.9 thousand tons per hectare compared to the other variants of the system. 0.4 c / ha, yielding an additional yield of 4.1-5.9 c / ha compared to the control options and achieving maximum economic efficiency. Net profit from this option is 2079,1-2793.7 thousand sum, profitability rate is 52.3-68.4%, net profit per control option is 1127,7-1569,3 thousand sum, profitability rate is 29,1% up to 38.8%.
What does the effectiveness of management depend on ?
Authors: Khasanov Ilyosbek
Published: December 2019

This paper makes analyses on improving the effectiveness of the agricultural management system will depend primarily on management functions. Management of these functions relies on the liberalization of the economy. Improvement of economic methods depends on economic, administrative and social-psychological research
How to put into practice the Integration Methods
Authors: Sadilloyevna Umarova Shirinoy
Published: December 2019

Till graduating bachelor's degree at University it is admittable fact that most graduators essentially practice only on receiving specific knowledge, resulted that the lack of Utilisation of educational intelligence that is way it is purposed to lead the fresh bachelors of pedagogical units of High Education getting on how to deliver their learners obtained substances. It is directed that analyzing of Integration that promotable comprehensive Methodology on Teaching English language. Furthermore, the strategies of the integrating skills and the techniques about how to present knowledge during the procedure of lesson at GES (general education schools). It is brilliant brief instruction not only for the new teachers who just starting working with learners but also for the experienced teachers.
Use of semantic analysis in ecological education
Authors: Z.Djurabaeva
Published: December 2019

The present work deals with the use semantic analysis in ecological education. The article explores the use of semantic analysis to explain the meaning of lexical units related to ecology and the hyper-hyponymic relationship that occurs between lexemes.
Anemia during different trimesters of pregnancy and hypertensive disorders are associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in Bekwai Municipality, Ghana: protocol for a prospective cohort study.
Authors: Acheampong Kwabena , Pan Xiongfeng , Liu Aizhong
Published: December 2019

Background: Data examining whether anemia during different trimesters of pregnancy affects maternal and birth outcomes is lacking. Studies typically look at associations between risk factors and anemia or anemia and birth outcomes but have limited information as to whether birth outcomes differ with different trimesters of anemia. The main objective of this study is to determine whether anemia during different trimesters of pregnancy and hypertension disorders is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in Ghana.Methods: This will be a primary analysis of data from a hospital-based prospective cohort study in four selected hospitals in the Bekwai Municipality, Ghana from February 2020 to August 2020. All singleton pregnancy at less than 20 weeks to women with at least one hemoglobin measure during pregnancy will be included. The risk of maternal and perinatal outcomes will be measured. Descriptive statistics will be used to describe the baseline characteristics of our cohort. Baseline characteristics of the two groups will be compared using Pearson Chi-square (χ2) test for categorical variables; the independent t-test and Mann–Whitney U test for parametric and nonparametric continuous variables, respectively. The risk associated with anemia and maternal and perinatal outcomes, using the history of anemia (Hb<11g/dL) in different trimesters will be calculated by logistic regression analysis, conditional on the baseline covariates. Possible confounding variables will be identified from background data, obstetric risk factors, and health behaviors. Multivariate analysis of significant effects (p<0.05) will be based on multiple logistic regression analysis. Confidence intervals will be evaluated at 95%. Data will be coded and examined using the SPSS program IBM version 20.Discussion: The better understanding of whether anemia during different trimesters of pregnancy and hypertension disorders is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in Bekwai Municipality of Ghana. This study will establish targets for early intervention and identify risk factors to save and improve the lives of pregnant women and inborn by developing solutions that promote the quality and accountability of health services for the most vulnerable. These findings will be served as a policy document to governments in designing effective programs to curb the increasing prevalence of anemia and its associated health consequences.
Lifetime Patient Outcomes and Healthcare Utilization for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) and Extreme Preterm Infants: A Microsimulation Study
Authors: Thavorn Kednapa , Katwyk Sasha van , Augustine Sajit , Thébaud Bernard
Published: December 2019

Objectives Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is among the most severe chronic lung diseases and predominantly affects premature infants. There is a general understanding of BPD’s significant impact on the short-term outcomes however there is little evidence on long-term outcomes. Our study estimates the lifetime clinical outcomes, quality of life, and healthcare costs of BPD and associated complications.Methods We developed a microsimulation model to estimate lifetime clinical and economic burden of BPD among extreme preterm infants (≤28 weeks gestational age at birth) and validated it against the best available Canadian data. We further estimate the cumulative incidence of major complications associated with BPD, differentiated by BPD severity and gestational age category.Results We find, on average, patients with BPD and resulting complications will incur over CAD$700,000 in lifetime health systems costs. We also find the average life expectancy of BPD patients to be moderately less than that of the general population and significant reductions in quality-adjusted life year due to major complications. Healthcare utilization and quality of life measures vary dramatically according to BPD severity, suggesting significant therapeutic headroom for interventions that can prevent or mitigate the effects of BPD for patients.Conclusions Our study adds a significant expansion of existing evidence by presenting the lifetime burden of BPD based on key patient characteristics. Given the extreme cost burden at the earliest stage of life and lifetime negative impact on quality of life, there is larger headroom for investment in prevention and mitigation of severe BPD than is currently available.
Natural history of gastroesophageal reflux in infancy: new data from a prospective cohort.
Authors: Chotard Marlene Curien- , Jantchou Prévost
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveGastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in infants. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is defined as GER leading to troublesome symptoms that affect daily functioning and/or complications. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and progression of GER and GERD in a cohort of healthy term infants from birth to 12 months old.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study including all full-term living neonates born at Besançon Teaching Hospital, France. Exclusion criteria were: congenital anomaly. Parents completed a clinical report form and the Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised (I-GERQ-R) at 1, 3, 6, 10, and 12 months of age. GER was defined as score ≥1 to the first question with I-GERQ-R score < 16 ; and GERD as score ≥1 to the first question with I-GERQ-R score ≥ 16.Findings 157/347 births were included (83 boys). The prevalence of regurgitation at least once a day was 45.7% overall. In total: 72%, 69%, 56%, 18% and 13% of infants regurgitated at least once a day at 1, 3, 6, 10, and 12 months of age, respectively. Physiological GER affected 53%, 59%, 51%, 16%, and 12% of infants; GERD, 19%, 9%, 5%, 2%, and 2%, respectively. Two risk factors were identified: family history of GER and exposure to passive smoking. Treatment included dietary modification (14%) and pharmacotherapy (5%).ConclusionPhysiological GER peaked at 3 months, GERD at 1 month. Most cases resolved on their own. Parents should be reassured/educated regarding symptoms, warning signs, and generally favorable prognosis. Pharmacologic agents are justified only for ascertained GERD. I-GERQ-R does not replace more invasive investigations to confirm diagnosis in selected cases.
Production routes to bio-acetic acid: Life cycle assessment
Authors: Budsberg Erik , Morales-Vera Rodrigo , Crawford Jordan , Bura Renata , Gustafson Rick
Published: December 2019

Background: Similar to biofuels, numerous chemicals produced from petroleum resources can also be made from biomass. In this research we investigate cradle to biorefinery exit gate life cycle impacts of producing acetic acid from poplar biomass using a bioconversion process. A key step in developing acetic acid for commercial markets is producing a product with 99.8% purity. This process has been shown to be potentially energy intensive and in this work two distillation and liquid-liquid extraction methods are evaluated to produce glacial bio-acetic acid. Method one uses ethyl acetate for extraction. Method: two uses alamine and diisobutyl ketone. Additionally two different options for meeting energy demands at the biorefinery are modeled. Option one involves burning lignin and natural gas onsite to meet heat/steam and electricity demands. Option two uses only natural gas onsite to meet heat/steam demands, purchases electricity from the grid to meet biorefinery needs, and sells lignin from the poplar biomass as a co-product to a coal burning power plant to be co-fired with coal. System expansion is used to account for byproducts and co-products for the main life cycle assessment. Allocation assessments are also performed to compare the life cycle tradeoffs of using system expansion, mass allocation, or economic allocation for bio-acetic acid production. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine potential effects of a decrease in the fermentation of glucose to acetic acid.Results: Global warming potential (GWP) and fossil fuel use (FFU) for ethyl acetate extraction range from 1000 - 2500 kg CO 2 eq. and 32 - 56 GJ per tonne of acetic acid, respectively. Alamine and diisobutyl ketone extraction method GWP and FFU ranges from -370 - 180 kg CO 2 eq. and 15 - 25 GJ per tonne of acetic acid, respectively.Conclusions: Overall the alamine/diisobutyl ketone extraction method results in lower GWP and FFU values compared to the ethyl acetate extraction method. Only the alamine/diisobutyl extraction method finds GWP and FFU values lower than those of petroleum based acetic acid. For both extraction methods, exporting lignin as a co-product produced larger GWPs and FFU values compared to burning the lignin at the biorefinery.
The Sabadell score is an independent predictor of five-year outcome after critical care discharge
Authors: Morton Ben , Penston Victoria , McHale Phillip , Hungerford Daniel , Dempsey Ged
Published: December 2019

Background: Critical care survivors frequently suffer persistent morbidity and increased risk of mortality compared to the general population. However, there are no standardised tools to identify at-risk patients to target potential interventions. Our aim was to establish whether the “Sabadell score”, a simple tool applied upon critical care discharge, is an independent predictor of five-year mortality.Methods: Prospective observational cohort study of adults admitted to a mixed critical care unit at Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom. Sabadell score applied to all patients from September 2011 to December 2017. Primary outcome: five-year mortality assessed using a multivariable flexible parametric survival analysis adjusted for demographics, and clinically relevant covariates. Primary outcome: Adults discharged alive following critical care admission. Results: There were 5954 patients with a minimum of 18 months follow-up. Mean age was 59.5 (SD±17) and 57.1% were male. Patients were categorised into Sabadell scores, zero (38.4%), one (47.9%), two (10.5%) and three (3.1%). Adjusted hazard ratios for mortality were 2.09 (C.I. 1.85–2.36), 3.95 (C.I. 3.39–4.60) and 21.04 (C.I. 17.24–25.68) respectively. Sabadell score three predicted 99.9%, 99.5%, 98.5% and 87.4% mortality at five years for patients ³80 (aHR 3.37), 60-79 (aHR 2.52), 40-59 (aHR 2.03) and 16-39 respectively. A Sabadell score of two predicted 71.0%, 52.7%, 44.8% and 23.7% mortality at five years for these age categories.Conclusions : Sabadell score is an independent predictor of five-year survival after critical care discharge. These findings could be used to guide provision of increased support for patients after critical care discharge and/or informed discussions with patients and relatives about dying to ascertain their future wishes.
Nach wie vor glücklich trotz Prekariat?
Authors: Bellinger Franziska , Bolten Ricarda , Grünberger Nina , Ruge Wolfgang B.
Published: December 2019

Die im Jahr 2016 von Dander et al. publizierten Ergebnisse zur Situation des wissenschaftlichen «Nachwuchses» sensibilisierten für eine zunehmende Prekarisierung der Beschäftigungsverhältnisse von Qualifikandinnen und Qualifikanden in der deutschsprachigen Medienpädagogik, die sich auch auf den privaten Kontext ausweitet. Die Kolleginnen und Kollegen wiesen damit auf Problemlagen von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler in Qualifikationsphasen hin, um so eine kritische Diskussion und Reflexion in der eigenen Disziplin anzuregen. Knapp vier Jahre nach der ersten Erhebung wurde eine erneute Fragebogenuntersuchung zur Lage der Qualifikandinnen und Qualifikanden in der Medienpädagogik durchgeführt, die eine Vergleichsbasis zur Umfrage aus 2014 bieten soll. Neben den thematischen Schwerpunkten zur a) Zufriedenheit mit den Arbeits- und Beschäftigungsbedingungen, b) Zufriedenheit mit der Betreuungssituation und c) der Work-Life-Balance wird hierin auch den Aspekten d) Internationalisierung und Vernetzung Beachtung geschenkt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Zufriedenheit im Vergleich zu von vor vier Jahren leicht abgenommen hat, obwohl der Arbeit an den Qualifikationsarbeiten auf den Stellen tendenziell mehr Zeit eingeräumt wird. Die mangelnde Planbarkeit der Karriere und oftmals fehlende berufliche Sicherheit zählt nach wie vor zu den problematischsten Aspekten für die Qualifikandinnen und Qualifikanden in der deutschsprachigen Medienpädagogik.
Endüstriyel Atık Katkılı Kum Zeminlerin Geçirimsizlik Davranışının Araştırılması
Authors: BAĞRIAÇIK Baki , GÜNER Esra Deniz
Published: December 2019

Yeniden
kullanım potansiyeline sahip olan, endüstriyel atıkların yeni alternatif
yöntemlerle değerlendirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Arıtma tesisi çamurları ve
uçucu kül faydalı geri kullanım potansiyeli olduğu bilinen endüstriyel
atıklardandır. Bu endüstriyel atıkların yararlı yeniden kullanımları, çevresel
kirliliğin azaltılması, depolama maliyetlerini düşürülmesi, sınırlı olan doğal
kaynakların kullanımının azaltılması ve yeni nesil malzeme sağlanması ile
kuruluşların ve ülkenin ekonomik gelişimine katkı sağlayabilecektir. Üzerine
yapı inşa edilen zemin ve kaya ortamların jeolojik kökenleri çok değişken bir
yapıya sahiptir ve farklı tipteki jeolojik malzemeler tasarım açısından farklı
çözümler gerektirir. Zayıf zemin şartlarına sahip sahalarda inşa edilecek yapılarda
geleneksel temel inşaatı yöntemleri pahalıya mal olmakta ve ekonomikliğini
kaybetmektedir. Bu tür zeminlerde geleneksel yöntemler ile yapılan inşaat
maliyetinin yüksek olması, çevre faktörlerinin oluşturduğu sayısız sıkıntılar bulunmaktadır.
Günümüzde farklı katkı malzemeleri ile zeminlerin nasıl davranış gösterdiği
oldukça önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, endüstriyel atık olan içme suyu arıtma
tesisi çamurları ile uçucu kül malzemelerin kumlu zemin ortamında geçirimsizlik
davranışları incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında kum zemine, %2, %4, %6, %8, %10,
%12, %14, %16, %18, %20, %22 oranlarında ağırlıkça içme suyu arıtma çamuru ve
uçucu kül eklenmiştir. Hazırlanan karışımların geçirimlilik davranışları, küçük
ölçekli model deneyler yardımı ile katkı oranlarına ve zamana bağlı olarak
araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, her iki endüstriyel atık
malzemelerin de kumlu zeminlerde geçirimsizliğini kayda değer oranda artırdığı
görülmüştür. Endüstriyel atık malzemelerin %2 oranında katıldığında 106 ve %22
oranında katıldığında ise 1691 kata varan artışlar tespit edilmiştir.
Ética, Valores Pessoais e a Compra de Falsificados
Authors: Andrade Matheus Lemos de , Leite Ramon Silva , Ibrahim Simone Teresinha Chaves de Andrada
Published: December 2019

Tido como um comportamento desviante devido aos seus efeitos econômicos e sociais, a compra de falsificados é um comportamento enraizado e socialmente aceito entre diversos segmentos da sociedade brasileira. O presente estudo se fundamentou nas teorias sobre valores pessoais e ética para compreender e explicar a propensão à compra de produtos falsificados. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa com 479 consumidores mineiros. A análise dos dados envolveu estatísticas descritivas, testes de comparação de média e Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (PLS). Os resultados revelam maior propensão à compra de falsificados entre consumidores com menor escolaridade, renda familiar e faixa etária. Verificou-se a influência positiva da racionalidade teleológica nas atitudes em relação aos falsificados, assim como uma relação negativa entre tais atitudes e a racionalidade deontológica. Sobre os valores pessoais, tem-se que enquanto os tipos motivacionais Estimulação e Hedonismo favorecem tais atitudes, a Autodeterminação e a Realização as inibem.
Nemzetközi tudásmenedzsment modellek összehasonlító elemzése
Authors: Lukács Andrea , Dorner Helga
Published: December 2019

A tudásmenedzsment, amely a tanuló szervezet alapját képezi, azokat a folyamatokat írja le, amelyek a tudás és ismeretek összegyűjtésére, katalogizálására, átadására, áramlására és felhasználására irányulnak. E folyamatok összehangoltságának eredményeképpen a szervezet hatékonysága növelhető; ennek azonban feltétele a szervezeten belüli stratégiai gondolkodás és a tudatos rendszerépítés. Tanulmányunk célja, hogy öt tudásmenedzsment modell elméleti kereteinek alapos tanulmányozásával feltérképezzük azok erősségét, esetleges hiányosságait, valamint képet kapjunk azok gyakorlatra vonatkoztatható hasznosságáról is. Négy elemzési szempont mentén tárgyaljuk a modelleket: a tudásalkotás, a folyamatok, a szervezeti kultúra és a technológiai tényezőkre helyeztük a hangsúlyt. Összehasonlító elemzésünk segítséget nyújthat a szervezeti tanulásra irányuló, esettanulmányokon alapuló, empirikus kutatások megtervezésében és a fókuszpontok kijelölésében is. Úgy véljük, hogy a modellek gyakorlatban történő implementálására irányuló empirikus kutatások nyomán, mód nyílhat a tudásmenedzsment módszerek szisztematikus, stratégiai alapokon nyugvó alkalmazására, mely támogatást nyújthat bármely, a tudásmenedzsment-rendszerét tökéletesíteni akaró szervezet számára.
Szülők és pedagógusok vélekedése az óvodáskorú gyermekek problémás helyzetekre adott válaszreakcióiról
Authors: Hegedűs Szilvia
Published: December 2019

A másik személy érzelmi állapotának megértése és az arra adott válaszreakciók proszociális viselkedések formájában, a társas viselkedés lényeges elemeiként jelennek meg. Egy társ affektív állapotára azok a gyermekek tudnak megfelelően reagálni, akik fejlett érzelemmegértési képességgel rendelkeznek, képesek a nézőpontváltásra, valamint kellően motiváltak, hogy tevékeny közbelépéssel beavatkozzanak a másik személy problémát jelentő helyzetébe, csökkentve annak negatív érzelmi állapotát. A gyermekek felnőtt distresszre adott proszociális reakcióit széles körben tanulmányozták, azonban kortársuk problémás helyzetére adott válaszaikról kevés adattal rendelkezünk. Jelen vizsgálat célja annak feltárása, hogy az óvodáskorú gyermekek milyen válaszreakciókat produkálnak egy kortársuk negatív érzelmi állapota esetén. Mivel az ilyen problémás helyzetek egy-egy kutatás során ritkán előforduló jelenségek, ezért vizsgálatukra azon személyek véleményét kérdeztem, akik a gyermekek mindennapjaiban részt vesznek és kellő információkkal rendelkeznek a gyermekek viselkedéséről. A mérés során egy korábbi, megfigyelés módszerével végzett kutatás (Phinney, Feshbach & Farver, 1986) eredményein alapuló kérdőívet használtam, amely olyan állításokat tartalmaz, melyek alapján a szülők (N=189) és a pedagógusok (N=26) véleményt alkothatnak a vizsgált gyermekek egy kortárs sírására adott válaszreakcióiról. A kutatás során a szülők és a pedagógusok válaszai közti különbségek feltárása mellett vizsgálat alá vontam az általuk vélt legjellemzőbb és legritkább válaszreakciókat, valamint elemeztem ezen viselkedések különbözőségeit néhány háttérváltozó mentén. Az eredmények azt mutatták, hogy a szülők és a pedagógusok véleménye több esetben is eltérő, azonban felfedeztem egybehangzó vélekedéseket is néhány háttérváltozó kapcsán. A kutatás értékes információkkal szolgálhat az óvodáskorú gyermekek proszociális viselkedéseinek megjelenéséről olyan helyzetek kapcsán is, amelyek egy-egy direkt vizsgálat során kevésbé jelennek meg intézményes környezetben.
Erken Çocukluk Döneminde Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Aile Merkezli Müdahaleler
Authors: ORUM ÇATTIK Esra , YETKİN Ahmet İlkhan , DİKEN İbrahim Halil
Published: December 2019

Aile, her çocuğun yaşamında önemli bir yeri olan, çocukların
gelişimini destekleyen ve onların yaşadıkları toplumun kurallarına uygun olarak
yetişmelerini sağlayan toplumsal bir kurum ve sistemdir. Normal gelişim
gösteren çocuklar doğal yaşantıları içerisinde birçok beceri ya da davranışı
aileleri ile gerçekleştirdikleri doğal yaşantılar ile kolaylıkla kazanırken söz
konusu otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan bir çocuk olduğunda aynı beceri ve
davranışların kazandırılmasında sistematik öğretim süreçlerine yer verilmesi
gerekmektedir. Otizm spektrum bozukluğunun tanısı son yıllarda oldukça erken
dönemlerde konulabilmekte ve aileler erken dönemde çocuklarının eğitim sürecine
nasıl ve ne şekilde katılacaklarını bilememektedir. Aile merkezli uygulamalar
pek çok yetersizlik türündeki farklı yaş grubundaki çocuklarda, beceri ve
davranışların kazandırılmasında ve davranış problemleri ile başa çıkmada
kullanılabilen kanıt temeli uygulamalardan birisidir. Bu makalede aile merkezli
uygulamaların kuramsal temelleri, erken çocukluk döneminde otizm spektrum
bozukluğu olan çocuklar ve aileleri için önemi, aile merkezli uygulamaların
uygulanması hakkında genel bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca NAC, NPDC ve
Evidence Based Practices for Children, Youth and Young Adults with Autism
Spectrum Disorder raporlarında yer alan erken çocukluk döneminde otizm spektrum
bozukluğu olan çocuklarla gerçekleştirilen araştırmaların sonuçları paylaşılmış
ve ileri araştırmalar için uygulamacılara ve araştırmacılara önerilerde
bulunulmuştur.
Diretrizes de segurança pessoal e patrimonial para profissionais e clínicas de saúde
Authors: Kawamoto Júnior Luiz Teruo , Shirosaki Sidnei , Carvajal Júnior Claudio José , Da Silva Adriano Maniçoba , Machado Sivanilza Teixeira , Mello Tatiana Ribeiro de  Campos
Published: December 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa é elaborar um guia com diretrizes de segurança pessoal e patrimonial para profissionais e clínicas de saúde. Um dos aspectos importantes na gestão de micro e pequenas empresas é a segurança pessoal e patrimonial. Em clínicas de saúde, a situação se agrava pois, muitas possuem somente o profissional de saúde, facilitando roubos e furtos. Foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica para se conhecer diretrizes gerais e específicas para a área da saúde sobre segurança e, elaborou-se uma primeira versão do guia. Em seguida, foi feita uma avaliação por uma cirurgiã dentista, que avaliou se o guia estava entendível, além de um coronel da Polícia Militar e um delegado da Polícia Civil para avaliar, se de acordo com a experiência deles, os conceitos estavam corretos. Então, foram feitos ajustes solicitados e foi feita a validação pela escala de Likert com os mesmos profissionais que aprovaram a versão final do guia.
?E eu, o que faço com esses números??: Importância da utilização de informações contábeis
Authors: Gomes Núbia Kelly da Silva , Silva Emmanuel de Castro , Santos Sandra Marina dos , Bezerra Elenildo Santos , Pereira Mércia de Lima
Published: December 2019

A contabilidade é uma ferramenta na gestão de empresas e, nos dias atuais, o conhecimento de importantes relatórios trazidos por essa Ciência Social Aplicada tem passado despercebido por uma considerável parte dos empresários. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo é identificar quais informações provenientes dos relatórios contábeis os empreendedores de micro e pequenas empresas utilizam para sua tomada de decisão. Do ponto de vista metodológico, o estudo se caracteriza como descritivo e quantitativo, sendo os dados obtidos por meio de questionários elaborados e disponibilizados na ferramenta Google Formulários. A aplicação do questionário foi direcionada a micro e pequenos empresários da região metropolitana do Recife. Os principais resultados apontam que os gestores das micros e pequenas empresas recebem as informações por meio dos relatórios fornecidos pela contabilidade e as põem em uso, considerando-as para a tomada de decisões. Entretanto, os respondentes apontam as informações fiscais como as mais utilizadas e, que o balanço patrimonial e demonstração de resultado não são recebidos da contabilidade em mais da metade das empresas, o que pode indicar que as empresas podem estar subutilizando as informações que a contabilidade pode proporcionar.
Análisis de competitividad del sector microempresarial colombiano: una mirada con enfoque asociativo
Authors: Rubio-Rodríguez Gustavo Adolfo , Mejía Aracelly Buitrago
Published: December 2019

Dado que el sector microempresarial en Colombia representa alrededor del 97% del total de las empresas, existe interés de los sectores público y privado por lograr que éstas alcancen un alto grado de competitividad; esto, con el propósito de que consigan insertarse sin mayor restricción en los mercados globalizados. Por tanto, se requiere conocer cuál es el nivel de competitividad y cuáles son las debilidades que afrontan, con miras de disponer de un diagnóstico de gestión administrativa con el cual ambicionan impulsar su desarrollo. Por lo anterior, este manuscrito presenta un análisis reflexivo que permite identificar cuáles son los factores que influyen en las microempresas para obtener cierta competitividad, en razón a que existen documentos de política pública y privada que consideran que la asociatividad en el sector microempresarial podría perfeccionarse.
Sistema eletromecanico para elevação de cadeira de rodas
Authors: Do Carmo Sidnei Lima de Oliveira , Da Silva Renan Cordeiro , Capelli Olímpio Murilo , Freitas Carlos Alberto de
Published: December 2019

Este projeto teve com objetivo o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de um dispositivo eletromecânico para ser adaptado a uma cadeira de rodas convencional, de forma que possibilite a elevação da cadeira juntamente com o cadeirante a fim de que ele possa ter acesso a objetos que estejam localizados em partes superiores de móveis, prateleiras, entre outros, tanto em locais públicos quanto em sua propria residência, melhorando a acessibilidade.