bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Literature Review on Theories of International Trade and Policies Behind Modern World Trade
Authors:   Centre for Economic Studies and Planning (CESP), Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, Bharat Bharat , Kumar Vijay , Sharma Sachin ,   Department of Economics, Chaudhary Ranbir Singh University, Jind, Haryana, Sehgal Shallu ,   Shoolini Institute of Life Sciences and Business Management, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, Jakhar Babloo ,   Department of Extension Education, Regional Institute of Education, Ajmer, India
Published: September 2023

Purpose The essay aims to critically examine different theories proposed in the literature on international trade. Design/methodology/approach The essay is based on theoretical literature on the theories of international trade and working policies behind modern world trade globally. Findings The essay starts with traditional theories of international trade and an account of the mercantilist pattern of trade is provided, and comments are made on the use of simplified models in the classical theories. Significant focus is laid on the new trade theory and the use of strategic trade policies by advanced countries. A helpful supplement is provided regarding the role of FDI and technology in trade. A further effect of trade on growth is also analyzed. Theories of the 21st century are discussed with a call for models that can incorporate income inequality, political strategies, and other real-world factors. Research limitations/ implications The essay deals with only theoretical literature on international trade theories and policies. Findings and interpretation are subject to the theoretical development of international trade. Originality/ value The essay provided a critical explanation of international trade theories and tried to explain the paradigm shift in the theoretical framework of international trade.
Pengembangan Kampung Budaya Polowijen melalui Ikon Digital Pariwisata Sastra Ragil Kuning sebagai Strategi Bertahan di Masa Pandemi
Authors:   Faculty of Cultural Studies, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Fatoni Rohman Muhammad , Zurinani Siti , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: September 2023

Kegiatanini menawarkan perspektif baru dalam memandang pariwisata sebagai sastra. Ada korelasi yang melibatkan bentuk sastra lisan sebagai salah satu daya tarik pariwisata. Pengembangan wisata berbasis sastra lisan disajikan dalam mitologi cerita Panji yang dapatditemukan di Kampung Budaya Polowijen. Mitologi tersebut divisualisasikan dalam kesenian Topeng Malangan. Frame story yang disajikan kembali mengembangkan penokohan Ragil Kuning dalam kesenian Topeng Malangan. Ragil Kuning adalah adik dari Panji Asmorobangun dari Kerajaan Panjalu Daha. Bingkai ikon Ragil Kuning mulai dikembangkan dan dibentuk dalam seni pertunjukan dan festival. Namun, ketika pandemi Covid-19 terjadi, hal itu berdampak signifikan terhadap eksistensi pariwisata. Kebijakan mobilitas sosial mempengaruhi pariwisata dan juga ekonomi masyarakat. Dalam konteks ini, pariwisata menjadi sektor yang rentan karena pandemi. Namun, di sisi lain, sektor pariwisata juga bisa menjadi kuat atau tangguh. Ketahanan tersebut ditunjukkan dengan upaya strategis yang dilakukan masyarakat Kampung Budaya Polowijen untuk mengembangkan wisata budaya berbasis digital dan memperkuat rangkaian narasi Ragil Kuning sebagai daya tarik wisata Kampung Budaya Polowijen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi digital dan etnografi tambal sulam. Metode-metode tersebut dipilih sebagai upaya dalam melakukan penelitian di era pandemi ini.
Efforts To Enhance Mental Health Among School-Aged Children During The Covid-19 Pandemic Through The Teacher And Parent Empowerment
Authors:   School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Hidayah Ridhoyanti , Nova Renny , Kartika Sari Efris
Published: September 2023

School-aged children, as a developmental stage, are a group at high risk for mental health issues, particularly during this pandemic of COVID-19. Children may be perpetrators, witnesses, or victims of violence or irregularities perpetrated directly or through social media. This community service activity is designed to improve the mental health of children during the COVID-19 pandemic through early detection, prevention and early treatment of mental health issues through parental and teacher empowerment programs. When children learn online and do more activities at home with their families, there are many factors that affect children's mental health. For instance, cyberbullying, addiction to gadgets and the Internet, withdrawing from family interactions, anxiety, dishonesty and discipline in the performance of duties and children as witnesses and victims of abuseby those closest to them. This is not widely known by the school, teachers, counsellors and parents clearly, which results in the state of the child getting worse. Through an empowerment program that was conducted with socialization and training on early detection, preventive efforts and early treatment of mental health problems among school-aged children, they can discover early deviations that occur and take preventive measures with early treatment efforts. Henceforth, through this empowerment program, teachers and parents work together to carry out counselling activities and reflection sessions to understand the issues faced by students so that they can intervene immediately. Teachers and parents can work as a team to help children improve physical and mental health through online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
Strategy For Reducing Impulsive Buying Behavior In Online Consumers As The Impact Of Work From Home During The Pandemic
Authors:   Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Brawijaya, Susilowati Susilowati
Published: September 2023

Impulsive buying sebagai gaya berbelanja yang tidak terencana, banyak dipengaruhi oleh emosi konsumen, sehingga dapat mengenyampingkan faktor interaksi sosial secara langsung dalam pengambilan keputusan yang dibuat. Tekanan hidup di masa pandemi mengakibatkan stress dan mendorong perilaku pembelian yang tidak terencana. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui strategi yang dapat mengurangi perilaku Impulsive buying konsumen online yang bekerja secara Work From Home. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan memakai metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah studi kepustakaan dan penyebaran kuesioner. Perilaku Impulsive buying terjadi karena adanya rangsangan dari toko yang menawarkan barang yang menarik sehinggamengakibatkan adanya dorongan untuk membeli lebih banyak. Responden sebanyak 268 orang adalah masyarakat Provinsi Jawa Timur kelompok usia produktif yaitu 15 –64 tahun yang bekerja secara Work form home selama pandemi covid ini. Strategi yang dapat dipakai untuk mengurangi perilaku impulsive buying pada konsumen online sebagai dampak work from home di masa pandemi covid 19 adalah Tidak membuka lapak toko online, Mengingat kembali tujuan keuangan, Mempertimbangkan fungsi produk yang akan dibeli, Tidak terlalu sering membuka aplikasi belanja online, Memastikan apakah barang perlu dibeli atau tidak dalam 30 hari. Disarankan agar belanja sesuai kebutuhan
A educação experimental: Cartas de Almeida Garrett à filha
Authors: Santos Maria Teresa
Published: September 2023

O texto apresenta e analisa as cartas privadas de João Baptista de Almeida Garrett (1799-1854) enviadas a sua filha Maria Adelaide, no período em que esta se encontrava como porcionista das Salésias, entre novembro de 1853 e 1854. Trata-se de um conjunto de 40 cartas manuscritas que permaneceram inéditas até à publicação de Correspondência Familiar (2012). Não obstante serem documentos privados de carácter inviolável, quando se lhes autoriza a publicação assumem valor histórico por reconstruírem situações da esfera familiar numa perspetiva informal raramente dada a conhecer. Num estilo direto e despretensioso, as 40 cartas são um genuíno testemunho de amorosidade paterna e um registo do investimento educativo em oitocentos, não comum em Portugal. Daí o seu significado para a literatura pedagógico-política, parca em correspondência doméstica, a que acresce o contributo para compreensão do que se afigura coerente no pensamento liberal português sob influência do romantismo: por um lado, a correlação entre ilustração e civilidade; por outro, o desnivelamento da exigência da educação em função do género. Sabendo-se que Garrett escreveu as cartas 24 anos depois da publicação do livro Da Educação (1829), pergunta-se pela confirmação da coerência ideológica na transição do plano teórico generalizado para o plano prático individualizado.
Role of professional Environment on Content Editing in Kurdish Satellite Channels
Authors: Fathulla Ibrahim Saeed , Abdulrahman Kawa Ezzaddin
Published: September 2023

This research in time with the wide range of  the democracy and ethics duty spreads  in KRG Television station  out of any requirements on the journalist's, day after day everything gets changed, but the action will request more awareness of how to collect and edit the information and how to broadcast it. The objectives of this research relate to a warning about how the media content influences the political environment on the KRG satellite Channels. For this reason, this research depends on the survey methodology, a survey to find out the opinions of expertise and employees in the news Kurdish satellite channel in the Kurdistan Region-Iraq, duration from February, 1st till August 1st, 2022. The conclusion of the research shows that more than half of journalists relate to the ideological and parties owner of the news channels in the Kurdistan Region-Iraq. On the other hand, the researchers come to the conclusion that the political environment affected the media contents. At the same time, besides the demography of the research, there are no differences in measurements that will reveal the positive direction. All the journalists thought that the environment skills have a positive effect on the media editing contents especially on the media’s sample research, there is only the difference between the gender return to male.
Personalized Coaching via Texting for Behavior Change to Understand a Healthy Lifestyle Intervention in a Naturalistic Setting: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Bäccman Charlotte , Bergkvist Linda , Wästlund Erik
Published: September 2023

Background

Digital health interventions, such as personalized SMS coaching, are considered affordable and scalable methods to support healthy lifestyle changes. SMS, or texting, is a readily available service to most people in Sweden, and personalized SMS coaching has shown great promise in supporting behavior changes.

Objective

This study aims to explore the effectiveness of highly personalized SMS coaching for behavior change according to the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation–Behavior (COM-B) model on a sample of physically inactive adults in a nonprofit fitness organization in Sweden.

Methods

The study used a mixed methods design in which clients acted as their own controls. The participants were clients (n=28) and fitness consultants (n=12). Three types of data were collected: (1) quantitative data at baseline and after the SMS intervention and the waitlist from the clients, (2) qualitative data from semistructured interviews with the fitness consultants, and (3) pseudonymized texting conversations between the fitness consultants and clients.

Results

Overall, the results showed that personalized SMS coaching was effective in supporting the clients’ behavior changes. The quantitative analysis showed how the clients’ capabilities (Cohen d=0.50), opportunities (Cohen d=0.43), and relationship with the fitness consultants (Cohen d=0.51) improved during the SMS intervention in comparison with baseline. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis revealed how personalized texts added value to existing work methods (eg, increasing continuity and flexibility) and how the relationship between the clients and fitness consultants changed during the intervention, which helped motivate the clients.

Conclusions

Personalized SMS coaching is an effective method for supporting healthy behavior changes. The human connection that emerged in this study needs to be further explored to fully understand the effectiveness of a digital health intervention.
Usefulness of a Video of a Gatekeeper Training Program for Suicide Prevention among university students on campus: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Nomura Kyoko , Iwasawa Atsushi , Hirayama Junko , Kimura Takumi , Umakoshi Akise , Ito Mari , Kitajima Masato , Ando Hideaki , Fushimi Masahito , Mishima Kazuo , Sasaki Hisanaga , Yamamoto Fumio
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has extensively impacted the mental health of university students, resulting in increased depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. In response, we developed a 48 min video to train suicide gatekeepers among university students and expanded it to a campus-based mental health support program.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the usefulness of a 48 min video developed to address suicidal ideation among university students.

METHODS

Pre-video viewing procedures were conducted through web-based platforms, in which students participated by accessing QR codes posted on electronic bulletin boards on campus and classroom websites. Using a open label randomized controlled trial, 293 students (mean age, 20 years) from a national university were allocated into two groups using block randomization: a video-viewing group (n=120) and a control group (no viewing group, n=131). The participants were asked to answer a questionnaire immediately after allocation (t1). A follow-up survey was conducted six months later (t2, n=103 vs. n=116).

RESULTS

At t1, the presence of insomnia according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, third edition; Patient Health Questionnaire; and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores were generally insignificantly different between the two groups. Significantly large proportion of students in a video viewing group compared to control were more likely to be confident on being a gatekeeper at campus (64.2% vs. 40.5%, P < .001), have higher levels of basic knowledge about depression (4/5 items, all Ps < .05), have detection skills of friend’s mental ill-health (4/5 items, all Ps < .05), select one best choice of how to treat with suicidal ideation (65% vs. 15%, P < .001), and select correct meaning of active listening of “accepting own's worry, sorrows, hardships with general open mind (90.8% vs. 83.2%, P = .07).” At t2, the subjective assessment item "I am confident in being a gatekeeper" no longer demonstrated statistical significance (57.3% vs. 50%, P < .29). However, we still observed marked differences in the objective assessment items; students in the video viewing group compared to control were more likely to have higher levels of basic knowledge about depression (3/5 items, all Ps < .05), detection skills of friend’s mental ill-health (3/5 items, all Ps < .05), and selection of best option for how to treat with suicidal ideation (49.5% vs. 19.8%, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study suggests that a video-based suicide prevention program may be useful for training suicide gatekeepers among university students for a relatively long period, such as 6 months.

CLINICALTRIAL

The present trial was registered at Akita University under the registration number UMIN000047234.
The Impact of Multimodal Large Language Models on Health Care’s Future (Preprint)
Authors: Meskó Bertalan
Published: September 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

When large language models (LLMs) were introduced to the public at large in late 2022 with ChatGPT (OpenAI), the interest was unprecedented, with more than 1 billion unique users within 90 days. Until the introduction of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) in March 2023, these LLMs only contained a single mode—text.
As medicine is a multimodal discipline, the potential future versions of LLMs that can handle multimodality—meaning that they could interpret and generate not only text but also images, videos, sound, and even comprehensive documents—can be conceptualized as a significant evolution in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). This paper zooms in on the new potential of generative AI, a new form of AI that also includes tools such as LLMs, through the achievement of multimodal inputs of text, images, and speech on health care’s future. We present several futuristic scenarios to illustrate the potential path forward as multimodal LLMs (M-LLMs) could represent the gateway between health care professionals and using AI for medical purposes. It is important to point out, though, that despite the unprecedented potential of generative AI in the form of M-LLMs, the human touch in medicine remains irreplaceable. AI should be seen as a tool that can augment health care professionals rather than replace them. It is also important to consider the human aspects of health care—empathy, understanding, and the doctor-patient relationship—when deploying AI.
Маскована гіпертензія як фактор високого ризику серцево-судинних захворювань і смертності
Authors: Skybchyk V.A. , Pylypiv O.S.
Published: September 2023

Маскована гіпертензія (МГ) є одним з фенотипів артеріального тиску з високим ризиком прогресування до стійкої гіпертензії і тотожним ризиком серцево-судинних захворювань і смертності. Саме тому потенційно важливо не пропустити діагноз маскованої гіпертензії і вчасно запобігти можливим несприятливим ефектам, які пов’язані з нею. У статті узагальнено дані щодо визначення, діагностики, факторів ризику, клінічних наслідків і лікування маскованої гіпертензії.
Pengembangan Video Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kota Cirebon
Authors: Widiyastuti Dyah , Nurcahyani Lia
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang: Batasan usia remaja berdasarkan WHO adalah 10-19 tahun. Seks pranikah merupakan masalah yang sangat rentan terjadi pada remaja. Faktor penyebab munculnya perilaku seksual adalah kurangnya pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Pemberian pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja sangat penting, Berbagai penelitian telah merekomendasikan pentingnya pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi sejak dini.Tujuan: melakukan pengembangan video pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi remaja bagi siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kota CirebonMetode: Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development), dengan jenis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini subjek ahli/ pakar (psikolog, petugas UKS, dosen Kesehatan Reproduksi, ahli informasi dan teknologi).  Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner dan 3 buah video. Analisis data meliputi univariabel dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi. Data kualitatif dianalisis dengan content analysis.Hasil dan Pembahasan: hasil analisis uji kelayakan video pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa SD menurut psikolog, petugas UKS, dosen kespro dan ahli media adalah layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran kesehatan reproduksi remajaKesimpulan : video pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi pada siswa SD menurut psikolog, petugas UKS, dosen kespro dan ahli media adalah layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran kesehatan reproduksi remaja
Premenstrual Syndrome pada Remaja Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2021
Authors: Ramadhanty Nadia , Pristya Terry Y.R. , Karima Ulya Qoulan
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) adalah kumpulan gejala fisik, psikologis, perilaku dan bisa terjadi seminggu atau beberapa hari sebelum menstruasi. Kondisi pandemi covid-19 berpengaruh pada PMS.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan PMS pada remaja di DKI Jakarta selama pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2021Metode: Penelitian observasional ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan  jumlah sampel 294 remaja. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik berganda.Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikans antara stres berat (p= 0.000 POR = 6.667 95% CI 3.393-13.097) dan pola olahraga (p=0.015 POR = 2.442 95% CI 1.224-4.872) terhadap PMS. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan stres berat paling berpengaruh terhadap PMS (nilai p=0,000 POR=6,483 95% CI 3,268-12,861) setelah dikontrol variabel pola olahraga dan IMT. Kesimpulan: Stres berat dan pola olahraga berhubungan dengan PMS selama pandemi covid-19. Stres  berat paling berpengaruh terhadap PMS setelah dikontrol variabel pola olahraga dan IMT.
Pencegahan Kehamilan Tidak Diinginkan pada Remaja: Studi tentang Peran Komunitas di Kecamatan Srumbung
Authors: Pertiwi Nur Fitri Ayu , Triratnawati Atik , Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih , Handayani Sri
Published: September 2023

Background: Adolescence is a period that is quite prone to deviations in premarital sexual behavior. The incidence of unwanted pregnancies in Srumbung District is 28 cases in 2019. Prevention of unwanted pregnancies needs to be done in order to realize a golden generation that is physically and mentally mature in carrying out the role of parents. The impact of unwanted pregnancy is the increased physical and psychological risk of adolescents from pregnancy to the future.Objective: This study aims to determine the role of the community in preventing unwanted pregnancies in adolescents in Srumbung District, Magelang Regency.Method: This study uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Data was collected by means of in-depth interviews. Informants are teenagers aged 15-19 years who experienced unwanted pregnancies in the last 1 year as many as 6 people. Additional informants in this study were parents of teenagers, friends, and community leaders.Results and Discussion: The role of parents in providing reproductive health information and monitoring opposite sex relationships is not optimal so cases of unwanted pregnancies still occur. Community leaders play a role in regulating opposite sex relationships and social sanctions. Youth organizations and their associates have not been able to play a role in preventing unwanted pregnancies. The influence of social friends causes the mindset of teenagers about premarital adolescent sex behavior to be permissive.Conclusion: The community has not been able to play an effective role in preventing unwanted pregnancies in adolescents. Parents, friends, and community leaders have not been able to play a role in preventing unwanted pregnancies. Families have not been able to carry out their functions optimally. Keywords: unwanted pregnancy; community; teenager
Depresi Ibu Hamil setelah Intervensi Guided Imagery
Authors: Soetrisno Soetrisno , Amrih Lestari Sinta Dyah , M Fanani M Fanani , Nurinasari Hafi
Published: September 2023

Latar Belakang : Sebuah penelitian menunjukan prevalensi depresi antepartum, sebesar 26,6 %. Depresi selama kehamilan terbukti menghasilkan perinatal yang tidak diingikan misalnya persalinan premature, berat badan bayi lahir rendah, preeklamsia, bayi lahir dengan Apgar, Apgar skor pada 1 dan 5 menit rendah. Korteks adrenal mengeluarkan kortisol sebagai respons terhadap ACTH, ritme diurnal, dan stres. Guided imagery teknik relaksasi dengan menggunakan kata-kata dan suara menenangkan; mengarahkan pengguna membayangkan keadaan psikologis atau fisiologis dengan santai.Tujuan Penelitian : Menganalisis pengaruh guided imagery terhadap depresi dan kadar kortisol ibu hamil di poli rawat jalan Obstetri Rumah Sakit dr. Moewardi (RSDM/ FK UNS) Surakarta.Metode : Penelitian eksperimental, dengan pretest – posttest control group design. Subjek penelitian ibu hamil, memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengambilan subyek dengan purposive sampling, didapatkan 34 subyek, 17 sebagai kelompok perlakuan, diberikan guide imagery dan terapi standar sedang 17 kontrol, hanya diberikan terapi standar. Dilakukan pemeriksaan skor depresi dengan Hamilton Rating Scale For Depression (HRSD) dan kadar kortisol darah, sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Data dianalisis dengan uji t memakai spss 16,0Hasil: Selisih perubahan skor HDRS posttest-pretest kelompok perlakuan 4,88±1,90 dan kontrol 1,18±1,47, dengan nilai p = 0,000 (p < 0,05) berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan rerata skor depresi antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Selisih perubahan skor kadar kotisol posttest-pretest kelompok perlakuan 3,28±1,34 dan kontrol 0,70±1,22, dengan nilai p = 0,000 (p < 0,05) berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan rerata skor kadar kortisol antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Simpulan : Penelitian menunjukan bahwa guided imagery berpengaruh baik terhadap depresi dan kadar kortisol pada ibu hamil. Kata kunci : Guided imagery, ibu hamil, depresi, kortisol
Kompres Hangat Sebagai Strategi Perawatan Diri untuk Meredakan Dismenore Primer pada Remaja
Authors: Sholihat Siti , Dewi Intan Rosmita , Zani Benny Novico
Published: September 2023

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is a problem that often occurs in adolescents, the incidence of dysmenorrhea is high so it is necessary for adolescents to understand how to deal with dysmenorrhea pain problems independently.Objectives: This study aims to determine the impact of warm compresses in reducing dysmenorrhea in adolescentsMethods: Pre-experimental research design with one group pretest-posttest type, on 30 female students based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The application of warm compresses was carried out independently, previously given training on SOPs for warm compresses, paying attention to pain using the Verbal Descriptor Scale (VDS) instrument, data analysis using Wilcoxon with a significant level of 0.05.Results and Discussion: The results of the characteristic study found that respondents were at the age of 21 years, the median body mass index (BMI) was 22.2, some respondents had a menstrual period of 27.5 days with regular menstrual cycles and dysmenorrhea that occurred on the first day. The median score before intervention was 5.5 with an interquartile range (IQR) of 1.75 while the median after intervention was 0 with an IQR value of 2. The Wilcoxon test results found a significant reduction in pain before and before warm compresses with a level of 0.000 Conclusion: Compresses have a positive impact in reducing dysmenorrhea pain and can be an alternative to self-care that teenagers can do Keywords: dysmenorrhea; pain; warm compress
Analisis Faktor Risiko Cedera Buli Iatrogenik pada Operasi Obstetri
Authors: Pravitasari Pravitasari , Ganap Eugenius Phyowai , Trirahmanto Addin
Published: September 2023

Background: Bladder is one of urinary tract that is anatomically close to gynecological organs. The risk of iatrogenic bladder injuries is an undesirable event. It can increase in obstetric and gynecological  procedures. We can identified  the risk factors for iatrogenic bladder injuries can be identified at the beginning of operations. One of which is related to distorted pelvic anatomy, including adhesions, history of surgery, endometriosis and obesity. The type of surgery also plays a role in increasing risk of iatrogenic bladder injuries. This study aims to determine the risk factors that can increase iatrogenic bladder injuries in obstetric and gynecological surgery at Dr. RSUP. Sardjito in 2015-2020.Objective: To determine the risk factors that increase iatrogenic bladder injury in obstetric and gynecological surgery at dr. Sardjito in 2015-2020Method: Case control study was conducted at Dr. RSUP. Sardjito, Yogyakarta from January 2021 to March 2022. There were 120 patient subjects who underwent obstetric and gynecological procedures at Dr. Sardjito Hospital from 2015 to 2020 who entered the inclusion criteria. The relationship between risk factors and the incidence of iatrogenic bladder injuries was analyzed using the Chi Square test. Multivariate analysis to determine the most important risk factors were analyzed using Logistic Regression test. Data analysis with SPPS version 22.0Results and Discussion: In this study, there was an association between adhesions and the incidence of iatrogenic bladder injuries (OR = 28,895 (95% CI 9111 – 91,641); p < 0.001). However, there was no association between endometriosis, type of surgery, previous surgery, body mass index, age, parity, amount of bleeding, timing of surgery and malignancy with the incidence of iatrogenic bladder injuries (p > 0.05).Conclusion : Adhesions had 29 times risk for increasing iatrogenic bladder injuries in this study.Keywords: Adhesions, Distorted Pelvic Anatomy, Risk Factors, Iatrogenic Bladder Injuries, Obstetrics, Gynaecology
Perbandingan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Endometriosis Pascaoperasi sebelum Dan Sesudah Pemberian Terapi Hormonal
Authors: Novitasari Dian , Dewanto Agung , Attamimi Ahsanudin
Published: September 2023

Latar belakang: Endometriosis merupakan penyakit yang ditandai adanya jaringan endometrium di luar cavum uterus, yang menimbulkan reaksi peradangan kronis. Gejala endometriosis paling sering adalah nyeri pelvis dan infertilitas. Endometriosis berpengaruh terhadap kualitas hidup penderitanya, terutama karena rasa nyeri yang ditimbulkannya, bisa menghambat dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari. Kombinasi dari terapi operatif dan medikamentosa efektif untuk menurunkan rekurensi, mengurangi nyeri dan meningkatkan fertilitas pada pasien dengan endometriosisTujuan: Membandingkan kualitas hidup dan skor nyeri pasien pasca operasi endometriosis sebelum dan sesudah pemberian terapi hormonalMetode: Kualitas hidup pada pasien endometriosis yang telah menjalani laparoskopi ataupun laparotomi dievaluasi dengan metode kohort prospektif menggunakan kuesioner Endometriosis Health Profile-30 (EHP-30). Kuesioner diberikan sebelum terapi hormonal dan diulang lagi setelah selesai terapi hormonal. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai masing-masing domain dari kuesioner inti dan kuesioner moduler sebelum dan sesudah terapi hormonal.Hasil: Total responden adalah 73 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Terapi hormonal pada pasien endometriosis dapat memperbaiki kualitas hidup secara keseluruhan dengan rerata skor 29,89 (SD ± 17,80) menjadi 16,5 (SD ± 16,7) (p <0,001) sebelum mendapatkan terapi hormonal. Terdapat perbaikan pada semua domain kuesioner inti, dengan nilai yang bermakna secara statistik pada domain nyeri dengan rerata 41,73 (SD ± 27,08) menjadi 13,70 (SD ± 22,39) (p <0,001), domain kendali & ketidakberdayaan; rerata 34.21 (SD ± 25,63) menjadi 16,66 (SD ± 19,58) (p <0,001), domain kesehatan emosional rerata 29,84 (SD ± 21,18) menjadi 19,11 (SD ± 19,22) (p <0,001); dan domain dukungan sosial rerata 26,97 (SD ± 20,70) menjadi 20,30 (SD ± 22,37) (p=0,006), sedangkan pada domain citra diri tidak terdapat perbaikan secara signifikan. Pada kuesioner modular terdapat perbaikan signifikan pada domain pekerjaan dengan rerata 30,37 (SD ± 24,99) menjadi 13,57 (SD ± 18,62) p <0,001, domain hubungan dengan anak rerata 13,82 (SD ± 20,13) menjadi 9,58 (SD ± 17,08) dan nilai p=0,017; dan domain perasaan terhadap infertilitas rerata 45,96 (SD ± 29,80) menjadi 36,67 (SD ± 29,77) p=0,001, sedangkan pada domain hubungan seksual, hubungan dengan tenaga kesehatan dan perasaan terhadap terapi tidak terdapat perubahan yang signifikan.Kesimpulan: Kualitas hidup setelah pemberian terapi hormonal lebih baik bila dibandingkan sebelum pemberian terapi hormonal pada pasien endometriosis pascaoperasi
Malformasi Genital Perempuan: Kasus di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta Tahun 2019
Authors: Widyasari Anis , Rahman Muhammad Nurhadi , Dwi Saputra Akbar Novan , Pangastuti Nuring
Published: September 2023

BackgroundReproductive tract malformations are rare in general population but are commonly encountered in women with infertility and recurrent pregnancy loss. Their true prevalence in the general population is not absolutely known mainly owing to methodological bias. Common uterine anomalies are important owing to their impact on fertility, and certain Mullerian malformations are particularly important because they cause serious clinical symptoms and affect woman’s quality of life. Identification of symptoms and timely diagnosis are an important key to the management of these defects. Although MRI being gold standard in delineating uterine anatomy, recent advances in imaging technology, specifically 3-dimensional ultrasound, achieve accurate diagnosis. Surgical management depend on the type of anomaly and its complexity and also involves multiple specialties; thus, patients should be referred to centres with experience in the treatment of complex genital malformationsObjectiveDetermined the description of cases of female genital malformation at Dr. Sardjito Hospital in 2019.MethodThis is descriptive study. The subject in this study were all new patient with female genital malformation at Obgyn Polyclinic Dr. Sardjito Hospital January-December 2019. Obtained  30 cases of female genital malformation.ResultThere is 30 cases of genital malformation in 2019. They were 4-44 years with mode at group 16-20 years. They consist of vaginal and cervicovaginal agenesis 14 cases, Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) Syndrom 6 cases, hematometra of hemiuterine 4 cases, Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome 3 cases, imperforate hymen, didelphys uterus and genital ambiguous each 1 case. Five cases of cervicovaginal agenesis have been done sigmoid vaginoplasty, all of them have good sexual function after procedure. One case MRKH syndrome has been done sigmoid vaginoplasty with good sexual function after that. Two cases HWW syndrome have been surgical treatment that are vaginal septectomy and vaginal septectomy with laparascopic cystectomy.ConclusionThe correct knowledge of embryology of the genitourinary is essential for the understanding, study, diagnosis and management of genital malformations, especially complex ones and those that lead to reproductive problems. Surgical techniques for correcting genital malformations depend on the type of anomaly and complexity.
Penatalaksanaan Dismenore Primer pada Remaja dengan Pemberian Jus Wortel dan Air Kelapa Hijau
Authors: Dewi Ratna , Petasari Widia , Yanniarti Sri
Published: September 2023

ABSTRAKBackground: Menurut WHO tahun 2018 bahwa angka kejadian dismenore di dunia ini sangat besar. Dismenore dapat dikurangi dengan tindakan farmakologi dan non-farmakologi. Salah satu pengobatan non-farmakologi untuk mengurangi dismenore  menggunakan jus wortel dan air kelapa hijau. Objective: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pemberian jus wortel dan air kelapa hijau terhadap penurunan skala nyeri dismenore primer pada remaja putri di SMPN 02 Kota Bengkulu. Method: Desain penelitian quasi eksperiment dengan rancangan penelitian two group pretest-posttest. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara proportional random sampling dengan jumlah masing-masing kelompok sebanyak 13 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrument penelitian berupa lembar pengukuran skala nyeri NRS (numeric rating scale). Analisis data berupa analisis univariat dan bivariat. Results and Discussion: Hasil Penelitian menunjukan terdapat penurunan skala nyeri setelah diberikan jur wortel dan air kelapa hijau. Tidak ada perbedan antara pemerian jus wortel  dan  air kelapa hijau terhadap penurunan skala  nyeri  dengan p value 0.740 >0,05. Conclusion: Penatalaksanaan dismenore pada remaja yang mengalami dismenore dapat mengkonsumsi jus wortel atau air kepala hijau secara rutin pada saat mulai mentsruasi.Keyword: Jus wortel; air kelapa hijau; dismenore
Evaluasi KIPPas (Kartu Instrumen Prediktor Pangastuti) Jogja sebagai Instrumen Prediktor Disfungsi Dasar Panggul Pasca Persalinan Vaginal
Authors: Maliki Fauzan Achmad , Pangastuti Nuring , Siswishanto Rukmono
Published: September 2023

Background: Postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction is pelvic floor disorder, which can be in the form of pelvic organ prolapse, urinary problem, defecation problem or sexual dysfunction. The incidence of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction occurs in 46% of postpartum women. Until now, there is no standard instrument used to estimate the incidence of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction. In previous studies, an instrument was obtained, namely KIPPas Jogja, to estimate the incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction after delivery, but it was still not sufficient for the number of research samples needed.Objective: To evaluate the Pangastuti Jogja Predictor Instrument Card (KIPPas Jogja) as a predictor of pelvic floor dysfunction in the form of pelvic organ prolapse after vaginal delivery.Method: This study was a prospective cohort study. Subjects who gave vaginal delivery were examined according to the KIPPas Jogja instrument and then evaluated for the diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction in the form of pelvic organ prolapse with POPQ examination and complaints of pelvic floor dysfunction using the PFDI and FSFI instruments at 3 months postpartum.Results and Discussion: From 133 research subjects, the results of the KIPPas Jogja assessment are high risk in 42.9% of subjects and low risk in 57.1% of subjects. The incidence of pelvic floor dysfunction in the form of pelvic organ prolapse was found in 69.17% subjects. Complaints of pelvic floor dysfunction were present in 20.31% subjects and complaints of sexual dysfunction in 11.3% subjects. The sensitivity of KIPPas Jogja is 80% and specificity is 95% with a positive predictive value of 97% and a negative predictive value of 68% to detect pelvic dysfunction in the form of pelvic organ prolapse. Meanwhile, to predict complaints of pelvic floor dysfunction, measured with PFDI-20, the sensitivity was 93% and specificity was 52%, and the positive predictive value was 33% and the negative predictive value was 96%. To predict sexual dysfunction, KIPPas obtained sensitivity of 64%, specificity of 42% with a positive predictive value of 10% and a negative predictive value of 92%.Conclusion: KIPPas Jogja can be used as a predictor of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction. Keywords: postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction, KIPPas Jogja, POPQ, PFDI-20, FSFI
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Cakupan Skrining Kanker Serviks dan Loss to Follow Up pada Wanita dengan IVA Positif yang Menjalani Krioterapi di Negara Berkembang: Scoping Review
Authors: Adistyatama Rizkha , Ganap Eugenius Phyowai , Trirahmanto Addin
Published: September 2023

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the main health problems in developing country and the second most common cancer in Indonesian women. For a better outcome, it is necessary to pay attention for discovery of the disease at an early stage. Single visit approach with visual inspection of acetic acid (VIA) followed by cryotherapy considered efficient and cost effective. However, low uptake of screening and loss to follow up after cryotherapy remain the biggest challenge.Objective: We aimed to identify factors affecting low uptake of cervical cancer screening and loss to follow up women with VIA positive undergone cryotherapy in developing countries.Method: This study is a literature review with scoping review design. Systematic search were conducted from databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGE journals, Scopus and Google Scholar. Total 42 articles were selected for analysis, 35 articles discussed factors affecting cervical cancer screening uptake in developing countries and 7 articles discussed loss to follow-up women with VIA positive undergone cryotherapy.Results and Discussion: Factors identified affecting cervical cancer screening uptake and loss to follow up from demand side included lack of knowledge, perception and awareness, access constrain, fear or shame feeling and cost related problem. From supply side or healthcare system, these factors included lack of trained providers, lack of infrastructure, lack of information, coordination and communication, as well as ineffective administrative processes.Conclusion: Problems of cervical cancer screening uptake and loss to follow up after cryotherapy were identified from demand side and health service provider side. Recommendation of service improvement must consider influencing factors and limitations encountered on the field. Keywords: cervical cancer, screening, visual inspection of acetic acid, loss to follow-up, cryotherapy
Understanding Schizophrenia and Tackling Stigma
Authors: - Anon
Published: September 2023

None
The Role of Parents\' and Carers\' Attitudes in (Re)Formulating Language Policy(ies) on Bilingual Education
Authors: Chonane David Zefanias
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This article reflects on the role of parents' and carers' attitudes in the (re)formulation of language policies on bilingual education in Maputo province in general and in Manhiça district in particular. Its specific objectives are (i) to identify the role of attitudes in the development of language policies; (ii) to survey the attitudes of parents and guardians when their children are placed in bilingual education classes; (iii) to analyse the attitudes of parents and guardians towards bilingual education. The methodological approach we followed is qualitative-interpretive. In this approach, we focus on the complexity of parents' and carers' perceptions and attitudes as they emerge, without predefining variables to obtain qualitative data. We used interviews and observation of the attitudes shown by parents and carers when approached about integrating their children into bilingual education classes as data collection techniques. The data was analysed using the content analysis method, which is seen as an instrument of communication analysis techniques (Bardin 2011, 1995).
Tooth Brushing Skills and Personal Hygiene Performance Modified (PHP-M) Index in preschool children
Authors: Purnama Tedi
Published: September 2023

Background: The prevalence of caries in children aged 5-6 years is 92.6% with a def-t index of 8.43, meaning that young children in Indonesia have experienced 8-9 cavities per child. The high number of dental and oral diseases currently is greatly influenced by several factors, one of which is the behavior of people who do not realize the importance of maintaining dental and oral health. Brushing teeth is a simple act of removing plaque and food residue with a brush and toothpaste, because plaque and food residue are the main causes of dental caries. The Personal Hygiene Performance Modified (PHP-M) Index is an indicator for measuring dental hygiene status in mixed dentition. Objective: The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between tooth brushing skills and the Personal Hygiene Performance Modified Index in preschool children in Pondok Labu Village, Cilandak District, South Jakarta in 2023. Method: This research uses observational analytical methods with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique for this research used a purposive sampling technique of 66 respondents. The data collection instrument uses a tooth brushing observation sheet to measure teeth brushing skills and the Personal Hygiene Performance Modified Index. Data analysis used the chi-square test with the SPSS application. Results: Chi-square test results show that tooth brushing skills influence the Personal Hygiene Performance Modified Index in Preschool children (p=0.022). Conclusion: there is a relationship between tooth brushing skills and the Personal Hygiene Performance Modified Index in preschool children
Keywords: Tooth brushing skills, PHP-M Index, Preschool Children
Evaluasi Pembelajaran PAI Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Fatih Bilingual School Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Hafiza Nora
Published: September 2023

Evaluation in the teaching and learning process is an important component that cannot be separated from the entire learning process. Even in Islamic learning, teachers need to evaluate with the aim of measuring the level of success of students to be achieved in learning activities. However, during the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus in Indonesian territory, how can teachers still carry out the process of evaluating Islamic religious education learning in schools. SMA Fatih Bilingual School is one of the leading schools in Banda Aceh City which also implements online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a descriptive-analytical qualitative research that aims to describe the process of planning, implementing, and evaluating Islamic religious education learning during the Covid-19 pandemic by examining data obtained from SMA Fatih Bilingual School, Banda Aceh City. Based on the theoretical study and the results of research in the field, the researcher concludes that the results of research on the evaluation of Islamic religious education learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at SMA Fatih Bilingual School Kota Banda Aceh are as follows: PAI learning evaluation is a series of activities in collecting various information systematically. That way, teachers can describe the ability of students during the learning process and can be used as a follow-up in making a decision in the future. The learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic is carried out through a hybrid learning system by combining blended learning strategies.
Prevalence of Dermatophyteic Infection in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai in India
Authors: M.S Nandini , D Bindu. , Puhazhendi
Published: September 2023

Dermatophytes are fungi that infect keratinized tissues in animals and humans. The group's most prevalent and only anthropophilic species is Trichophyton rubrum, whereas species from the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex are zoophilic and anthropophilic. The prevalence of dermatophyte infections varies depending on environmental factors and location, with higher rates observed in tropical countries like India. Hence, this study was conducted to comprehend the distribution of various species and clinical symptoms to assess the prevalence and features of dermatophyte infections in patients receiving tertiary care. This study's main objective was to identify the frequency of dermatophyte species in clinical samples taken from suspected patients in a tertiary care centre.1000 patients attending Sree Balaji Medical College in Chennai were the subjects of cross-sectional observational research. The prevalence of dermatophyte infection was assessed using clinical sample data. The analysis included information on gender, age group, and clinical symptoms. In the examined samples, dermatophyte infection was shown to be clinically prevalent (14.2%). More men (64.7%) than women (35.2%) were impacted. The most common age group for dermatophyteic infection was those between 31 and 40 years. The most typical clinical presentation was tinea corporis, characterized by scaly, red areas on the skin. The most frequent dermatophyte species found was Trichophyton rubrum. The study revealed that the clinical samples taken from the tertiary care centre had a significant prevalence of dermatophyteic infection. These infections were more likely to affect men and those in the age range of 31 to 40 years. The most commonly noticed clinical sign was tinea corporis, caused by Trichophyton rubrum. These findings emphasize the need to detect and treat dermatophyteic infections, particularly tinea corporis, highlighting the need for suitable treatment techniques in the population under study.