bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the legal status of women in contractual relations: From discrimination to equality in business
Authors: Prelević-Plavšić Snežana , Rašević Živorad
Published: December 2024

The fundamental principles of the European-continental legal systems, particularly regarding the status of natural persons, have their roots in Roman law. Roman law recognized a broad range of population categories, whose legal and business capacity, among other things, depended on the individual's social status within the family. Women held a specific legal status and were under the guardianship (tutela) or authority (manus) of a man, typically their father or husband. Their legal capacity was restricted, especially in terms of entering into contracts and other business dealings. The natural law school, which revived the ancient notion of inalienable natural rights (ius naturales), had a significant influence on the French bourgeois revolution, whose motto "liberté, fraternité, égalité" was embedded in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. The principle of legal equality, which presupposes the equal application of legal norms to all, reflects one of the fundamental principles of the rule of law and is considered a key tenet of a just legal system. However, the Global Gender Gap Report for 2023, published by the World Economic Forum, shows that the gender gap in the field of entrepreneurship stands at 31.6%. According to these figures, it will take an additional 131 years to achieve full gender equality in entrepreneurship globally, indicating that despite significant legal reforms that have improved the position of women in business, full gender equality in this area has not yet been attained.
Persons with disabilities in the labor market in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Canković Nevena
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the concept of persons with disabilities in the context of the labor market in the Republic of Serbia, defining their rights and challenges. It analyzes the legal framework, including key legal acts that regulate this area, such as the Law on Professional Rehabilitation and Employment of Persons with Disabilities. Data from two population censuses and four annual reports from the National Employment Service are examined to present trends in employment and the participation of persons with disabilities. Based on the findings, the paper offers recommendations for improving institutional support and more effective implementation of legal mechanisms. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of greater inclusion of persons with disabilities in the workforce and the need for stronger cooperation between government bodies, employers, and organizations advocating for the rights of persons with disabilities.
Effectiveness of alternative mechanisms for financial support of promising technologies
Authors: Serzhanov Vitaliy , Abramov Fedir , Andryshyn Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The main task of this article is to study the problem of the effectiveness of the main mechanisms of financial support for promising technologies and to determine the main ways of increasing their effectiveness. This work highlights three main mechanisms of financial support for promising technologies: funding of research by the corporate sector; direct state funding of promising research; funding of research thanks to grant support; and a comparative analysis of the mentioned support mechanisms is carried out. It is shown that the main disadvantages of research funding by the corporate sector, as a mechanism of financial support for the development of new promising technologies, are, firstly, the possibility of financial support exclusively for those scientific studies that have commercial potential; secondly, the presence of strict restrictions on the free dissemination of information on the results of research conducted by the research units of corporations. At the same time, direct state funding of promising research, which opens up the opportunity for funding research and further implementation of technologies that for one reason or another do not arouse interest in business, also has its own shortcomings. The main ones are: a limited list of research that can receive direct state funding (dictated, mainly, by the need to ensure the technological leadership of the country and its security); low efficiency in the use of financial resources allocated for research and the impossibility of using this mechanism to reveal the full potential of relevant technologies. Unlike the two previous mechanisms of financial support for promising technologies, research funding through grant support allows solving the problem of expanding the list of research that can receive the necessary financial support. However, this mechanism of financial support for promising technologies is characterized by a low level of efficiency in the distribution of funds and the efficiency of their use. It has been proven that ensuring proper support of most promising technologies requires the creation of favorable conditions for the most effective integrated application of all considered support mechanisms.
Quality system management for achieving business excellence
Authors: Živanović Slađana , Abramović Nikola
Published: December 2024

The comprehensive, integrated concept of quality management in the enterprise economy is the latest instance of the evolutionary process of development of quality management, known as the concept of business excellence. This concept relies heavily on total quality management; it, however, includes models of business excellence that aim to concretize and operationalize the concept itself. These models are the cornerstone for company evaluation, on the basis of which business strengths and weaknesses can be identified. This paper analyzes the elements and significance of the business excellence model, as well as its presence in small and medium-sized enterprises. The model of business excellence includes certain criteria on the basis of which company management can perform self-evaluation. They are also the basis for assessing business excellence in the quality award process. As there are a number of quality awards within business excellence, the criteria for these quality awards (Deming Award, Malcolm Baldridge, Australia, European Quality Award) are awarded.
Specificities of concert cancellation insurance
Authors: Jovanović Slobodan
Published: December 2024

Music industry generates revenue through various mediums and communication channels, with concerts being another profitable way to sell music and entertainment. Planning, organizing and holding concerts requires adequate time, contacts, necessary contracts, permits and consents, thus determining costs types and amount incurred by the promoter in case of concert cancellation. This paper analyzes the features of this insurance as a means of economic protection for concert promoters against the financial loss in case of concert cancellation and the risk of performers absence or nonappearance. Special focus is on who can be the insured, what the insured compensation embraces and which risks remain uncovered. This type of insurance belongs to financial loss insurances in the field of non-life insurance. At the end, it was concluded its specifics lie in the way of concerts organization, the performers' personal nature and their inherent risks.
Urban AI strategies based on the economic impacts of smart cities
Authors: Stojanović Katarina , Cico Snežana , Pejanović Radovan
Published: December 2024

The way artificial intelligence systems are developed has major consequences for society as a whole. It is important how policy issues are resolved, ethical conflicts are reconciled, legal realities are resolved and how much transparency there is. It includes areas such as finance, national security, health care, criminal justice, transportation and smart cities. City governments are using AI to improve city service delivery. This research aims to define guidelines to help cities and local communities develop artificial intelligence systems that are consistent with inclusiveness and sustainable development goals. It includes considerations for creating an enabling environment, fostering cooperation and building local capacity. Regulation is a key tool for cities to direct the development of artificial intelligence and its interactions in the local environment.
Inequalities throughout history in theory and practice: The example of Serbia
Authors: Cogoljević Vladan , Salamzadeh Aidin , Beslać Milan
Published: December 2024

Inequalities have existed for as long as anyone can remember. They mostly had its ups, but sometimes also downs. The twenty-first century is the century in which societies should be organized so that inequalities are at a low level. They also have a positive side, because if there is formal equality, then it affects productivity, innovation, commitment, education, and the like. Inequality is most often looked at from the standpoint of income, although other forms are also very significant. The aim of this paper is to show that inequalities have always existed and that they will exist in the future, but at the same time to show that inequalities should be reduced to an acceptable level. When it comes to economic inequality, the balance of labor and capital must be taken into account. This paper aims to present inequalities in Serbia throughout its history. During the preparation of the paper, the methods of analysis, synthesis, description and deduction were used.
Trends in foreign trade of Serbia: A case study of agricultural products
Authors: Vujičić Slađana , Nedeljković Miroslav , Ćosić Milivoje
Published: December 2024

The agriculture sector in the Republic of Serbia holds significant economic and social importance due to its substantial contribution to domestic gross domestic product (GDP) and employment of a large number of people. Agricultural products play a crucial role in Serbia's export structure. Food is one of Serbia's major export products, with a trade surplus steadily increasing since 2005. Fruit cultivation, as part of the agricultural sector, is of great importance, with domestic producers effectively utilizing natural advantages for production, thus achieving recognition and competitiveness internationally. This study aims to analyze the trends in foreign trade parameters over a decade, focusing on one agricultural product, specifically apricots. The research employs a quantitative research method using standard descriptive statistical instruments. Results indicate that Serbia maintains a trade surplus in apricots, with significant fluctuations and varying growth and decline trends in analyzed trade parameters over the period.
Dependence on technology and market manipulation as potential risks of using artificial intelligence in finance
Authors: Petronijević Jovan , Radić Nikola , Gavrilović Milan
Published: December 2024

This paper examines two critical risks associated with the increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the financial sector: the growing dependence on technology and the potential for market manipulation. As AI becomes more integrated into core financial operations, from algorithmic trading to risk assessment, it brings both unprecedented opportunities and significant challenges. The study highlights how technological dependence exposes financial institutions to risks such as system failures, data breaches, and the erosion of human expertise. It also explores the ways in which sophisticated AI systems could be exploited for market manipulation, potentially undermining market integrity and stability. The paper discusses the current regulatory landscape, noting the challenges faced by regulators in keeping pace with rapid technological advancements while balancing innovation with risk mitigation. Ethical considerations, including issues of fairness, transparency, and accountability in AI-driven financial systems, are also addressed. To mitigate these risks, the paper proposes several strategies, including developing robust AI governance frameworks, maintaining human oversight, promoting transparency in AI systems, enhancing cybersecurity measures, and investing in AI education for financial professionals. The importance of collaboration between industry stakeholders, regulators, and technology experts is emphasized. Looking to the future, the paper explores emerging trends in AI and finance, such as quantum computing and explainable AI, and considers their potential long-term implications. It concludes by stressing the need for a balanced approach that harnesses the benefits of AI while effectively managing its risks, ultimately aiming to create more efficient, inclusive, and resilient financial systems. This research underscores the importance of proactive risk management, ethical considerations, and adaptive regulatory frameworks in shaping the future of AI in finance. It calls for ongoing dialogue and collaborative efforts to ensure that AI serves as a tool for enhancing, rather than undermining, the integrity and stability of global financial markets.
Comparing fraud cases in Nigerian and US banks: Lessons for prevention and regulation
Authors: Itua Omoyemi , Obasi Rosemary , Monday Daniel , Asale Alemaheyu , Abo Tagese
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the prevalence, types, and impacts of bank fraud in Nigeria, comparing it with similar cases in developed countries. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative and qualitative data from annual reports, academic articles, and case studies. By analysing these sources, the study identifies the factors contributing to bank fraud in Nigeria and evaluates the effectiveness of preventive measures implemented by Nigerian banks. The findings reveal that while Nigeria has experienced a significant increase in bank fraud cases, the average amount lost per case is lower than in developed countries. The most common types of fraud are ATM/card cases and electronic fraud. Factors contributing to bank fraud include inadequate internal controls, technological vulnerabilities, insider threats, and external pressures. The study also evaluates the effectiveness of preventive measures implemented by Nigerian banks, such as advanced technologies, internal controls, and employee training. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers, regulators, and banks in addressing the challenges of bank fraud in Nigeria.
Traditional Chinese Medicine as an Adjunctive Therapy Improves Cardiac Function and Reduces Serum Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Huang Chunhui , Zhang Wei , Shi Yiping , Chen Fangchao , Zhou Jianru , Zheng Yonghong
Published: December 2024

Background: To analyze the effects of traditional Chinese medicine treatment compared to standard treatment in improving cardiac function and lowering serum biomarker levels in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).
Methods: A total of 40 CHF patients admitted to the Cardiology Department of our hospital from January 2021 to August 2023 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into an observation group (treated with traditional Chinese medicine) and a control group (treated with Western medicine standard therapy) based on a random number table, with 20 cases in each group. The clinical efficacy, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scores before and after treatment, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) results, cardiac output (CO), ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were observed and compared between the two groups. Adverse reaction rates were also recorded.
Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the intergroup comparison showed statistical differences (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in MLHFQ scores, 6MWT results, CO, EF, LVEDP, serum hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and NT-proBNP levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, after treatment, the MLHFQ scores, LVEDP, serum hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and NT-proBNP levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the 6MWT results, CO, and EF were higher than those in the control group, and the intergroup comparisons showed statistical differences (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the intergroup comparison showed statistical differences (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Compared to standard treatment, traditional Chinese medicine treatment is more effective in improving cardiac function, enhancing exercise tolerance and quality of life, lowering serum inflammatory markers and NT-proBNP levels, and reducing the incidence of adverse reactions in patients with chronic heart failure.
Tourist valuation of geoheritage for the needs of valorization and geoconservation of geolocality: Case study North-east Montenegro
Authors: Brđanin Eldin , Milanović Miško
Published: December 2024

The northeastern region of Montenegro is a sandy-shale area, surrounded by high mountains, with various geological and geomorphological characteristics. The mountain ranges that are the highest in Montenegro are located in this area (Zla Kolata 2,534 m in Prokletije), also, the region is rich in pastures, forests and many mountain lakes. A large variety of geodiversity and geoheritage occurs in a relatively small area, which is very important for the development of tourism, ie geotourism, which is one of the leading economic branches of this country. The geolocalities included in this research are: Ganića stone (Rožaje municipality), Tifran gorge (Berane municipality), Velika Cave (Andrijevica municipality), Hridsko Lake (Plav municipality), Oko Skakavica (Gusinje municipality), Bratimin spring (Petnjica municipality) . The research was conducted by applying the modified geolocation assessment model (M-GAM) to six evaluated geolocations in six municipalities of the northeastern region of Montenegro. The main goal of the research is related to the evaluation of the scientific, educational, landscape, aesthetic, functional and touristic values of the selected geolocalities, as well as their current protection and preservation. Based on the M-GAM model, a major role in the research is played by tourists who were examined through a survey, where their results were entered via the importance factor (Im) in the final results and were displayed via the M-GAM matrix. Based on the research and the obtained results, it can be concluded that the northeastern region of Montenegro has a great tourist potential for the development of geotourism, with great landscape and aesthetic values, but it is necessary to improve the level of protection of geolocalities as well as improve additional values in order for this region to become recognized in the right way as a geotourism destination in the future.
Curtural and historical heritage in the function of tourism development of the city of Prnjavor
Authors: Marinković Draško , Strugar Mladen
Published: December 2024

The cultural-historical heritage represents an important tourist potential of the Prnjavor region, because it tells about its history and development, as well as about the characteristics that can be important for the formation of the tourist off er. The paper deals with the analysis of the possibility of including the cultural and historical heritage in the development of tourism in the area of the city of Prnjavor. Thanks to natural and antropogenic potentials, this area has significant tourist potential. The town of Prnjavor has a rich cultural and historical heritage. There are traces of different historical periods and archaeological sites. Cultural monuments, religious buildings, folklore, fulk customs and various manifestations enable the development of tourism. The curtural and historical heritage has not been fully presented to the public, so its tourism valorization has also been absent. Tourism is one of the most promising economic branches in the area of the City of Prnjavor.
Tourist valorization of resources in the municipality of Kolasin
Authors: Vujačić Duško , Perović Đurđica , Zajić Jovana
Published: December 2024

The municipality of Kolasin promotes its authentic area, using its resources as a strategic potential for the progress of the local community and its citizens. The entire area of the municipality of Kolasin can be considered an authentic landscape, slightly changed by human activity. Prosperity is based on a well-thought-out natural heritage management policy. The development of this area should be based on balanced and harmonious relations between natural heritage and new contents, between social needs, economic activities and the natural environment. Although Kolasin has a unique city development strategy, there are also financial and personnel problems, shortcomings in the existing regulation and its implementation. The cause is often the neglect of the authenticity of natural heritage and inadequate valorization. In order to valorize the city's natural resources for tourism, the identity of the local population and its active role are of extreme importance, since the citizens' vision should be the starting point in creating the city's image. The historically based identity of the city must be nurtured, along with the simultaneous standardization of the content of the place, due to the need for the city space to be suitable for users of various natural values and to guarantee a predictable and safe experience.
The role of children in museums: Children as a museum audience
Authors: Vladušić Ljubica
Published: December 2024

A cultural audience is formed from early childhood. The activity of museum is increasingly directed towards children and their families. More and more emphasis is being placed on cooperation between schools and museums by creating programs for children worldwide. With the internet and computers, children today need a different type of simulation compared to the classics display of exhibits. Today, museums are trying to offer something new with a creative approach, interaction, and encouragement of mutual communication between children and family members, witch will create a new audience. With the education of the museums staff , their creative activity, and cooperation with school institutions, children will be able to present the museum as a place interests them and encourages them to express themselves creatively. In this way, there will be increased museum visits, and museums become places where families gather.
Role and significance of the museums in the tourist offer of the municipality of Požarevac
Authors: Vučković Stojan
Published: December 2024

The subject of this paper is an examination of the role and significance of museums that have in tourist offer of the municipality of Požarevac. In the introductory part of the paper, museums are presented that are part of the cultural and historical heritage of the municipality itself. The research method that will be used for this work is a survey, that is, an examination of the attitudes of tourists about the offer of museum facilities in the municipality of Požarevac. The results of the research should give us an insight into the quality of the museum offer in the chosen destination, whether and how satisfied tourists are with the offer of museum facilities that Požarevac has, what role and significance do museums have in the tourist offer of the municipality, what are the perspectives of the development of museum tourism in the municipality that would help us to take appropriate measures for the sake of greater attractiveness of the museums in the municipality, but also in the wider environment.
The touristic function of tradition: Case study of Chinese-Serbian wedding in Kosjerić
Authors: Marković Nevena
Published: December 2024

Tradition, a form of intangible cultural heritage, finds its place in the consumers' consciousness, as an important factor in destination's selection. The contribution to the tourist's overall experience is unpredictable, therefore adequate planning of all phases of creation, promotion and sale of this specific tourist product is extremely important. Given that the primary stimulus for travel are natural and/or cultural motives, and the key conditions for the realization of movement are free time, good will and independent finances, the conclusion is that tradition has a complementary role. Frequently, the implementation of the same in the itinerary contributes to the variation of expected feedback. As the effect of presenting tradition is greater in front of foreign guests than natives, planning is more demanding. If the offer is personalized, similarities and differences between host and tourist cultures are crucial, in order to avoid the negative results of acculturation. The staff that structures the tourist product must be informed with all organizational details, foresee both unforeseen situations on the ground, and potential solutions. The responsibility is great on the tourist guides, whose work is immeasurably permeated by animation and improvisation. Formality is an integral part of project finalization, but cordiality, originality and a personalized approach give a personal touch to the experience. Gastronomy is an indispensable part of Serbian heritage and used as an element of the marketing mix at the destination. The fact that the Chinese nation has different habits in the organization of the nutritional values of the meal, the layout of the food, the order of the dishes, and the size of the portions shows how relevant the knowledge of the guest's culture is. These factors are diametrical in relation to Serbian cuisine, which has been intertwined with the surrounding countries' recipes for centuries. The focus is at the Chinese-Serbian wedding in Kosjerić, where during a seven-day itinerary, the Chinese group visits rural household, and later is simulation of a Serbian wedding with the application of all customs, where each guest has a specific role. In the continuation of the work, the elements of tradition as a tourist product will be processed in more detail, the obstacles that human resources encounter during the implementation of the routes and one of the examples of work in the field will be presented.
Application of multi-criteria AHP GIS analysis in the selection of favorable locations for the construction of wind farm in the territory of Zrenjanin municipality
Authors: Nikolić Natalija
Published: December 2024

Wind energy has a great potential for use in today's conditions of increasing energy needs. In addition to being a "cleaner", renewable energy source, wind energy is also suitable for use due to the low cost of maintenance, energy production and low impact on the environment. In the studies conducted by different institutions and scientists, the territory of Zrenjanin Municipality is located mainly in the second and third wind power zones. The most dominant wind is koshava, which blows from the southeast and south. The data processing method used in this study was the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The criteria in this paper were the distance from settlements, roads and protected areas, as well as land use. The scores had values of 0-4, where only the suitability classes where it is not at all possible to build wind parks had a value of 0. The obtained results show that as much as 46.84% of the territory has the most favorable conditions for building a wind park based on the mentioned criteria. It is not possible to build wind farms on 32.56% of the territory, and 3% has unfavorable conditions. 17.6% of the territory has favorable conditions for construction. It can be concluded, based on these criteria, that it is possible to build a wind farm in Zrenjanin on almost 65% of the territory.
Strategies and projects of the revitalization of the Aral Sea and its basin
Authors: Ranković Radoslav
Published: December 2024

The paper deals with the analysis of the biggest global environmental disaster and the possibilities of its rehabilitation. The expansion of cotton fields and irrigation systems in Central Asia initiated the modern regression of the Aral Sea during the 1960s. The lake was divided in 1987 into two parts due to excessive water use. However, the destruction of the water body did not stop, because alternatives were devised to fill the lake. A pioneering solution involved the transposition of water from the Ob River, while other strategies implied the use of water from other rivers and lakes. However, the first concrete project was achieved by raising the Kokaral dam in 2005, which saved the waters of Syr Darya and formed the Small Aral. A noticeable increase in the water level and a decrease in salinity provided the basis for further revitalization. On the other hand, there was no success in the area of reconstruction of the Large Aral, and its tributary Amu Darya did not reach its mouth for some years. Consequently, at the beginning of the century, the fragmentation of the Large Aral occurred as well as the partial drying of the bottom and the formation of the Aralkum desert. Today, the Aral disaster is an anomaly, as a result of which many changes occurred (division of the unique water area, disruption of the underwater world, climate modification, change in water quality, soil hypersalinization, desertification and air pollution). Studies have shown that Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan have saline soil, which can be recovered by cultivating certain plant crops. Although the positive effects of licorice or sorghum would increase economic profits, the established ecological sustainability of this region would be more important. Also, the Aral issue is characterized by a political moment because inadequate water use has fueled international conflicts, although adequate water resources management would become the key to solving the problem of the Aral crisis.
The influence of history in shaping modern Serbian geopolitics
Authors: Teodosić Dimitrije
Published: December 2024

Geopolitics as a scientific discipline in its classic setting brings geography and politics together. However, in addition to the mentioned two sciences, different perspectives were needed for a better understanding and analysis of the problems brought about by geopolitics. Thus, economic, military, historical, legal, sociological perspectives and many others are included in solving complex geopolitical problems. In Serbia, geopolitics appeared due to major state changes, the abandonment of ideological beliefs and the strengthening of nationalism in the 90s of the 20th century. Although at the core of geopolitics are geography and politics, what most drives Serbian geopolitics is the historical factor that is very strong and increasingly present in the country for the last 30 years. The paper will analyze the influence of history on geopolitical decisions and geopolitical events that Serbia went through in that period. Using the historical-geographical and geopolitical method, the cause-and-effect relationships of geopolitical decisions and how they created the geopolitical position of Serbia today will be processed. This method will provide a framework for understanding the intricate connection between Serbian history, the geography of the areas where it takes place, and the contemporary geopolitical position. The method emphasizes the ways in which historical-geographical factors have shaped Serbian geopolitical identity over time. The work consists of three parts, the first one analyzes the determinants that shape Serbia's geopolitical decisions, while the second part analyzes history as a determinant of geopolitics. The focus of the work is the third chapter, which has an emphasis on the analysis of important geopolitical events for Serbia in the 21st century, what significance they have for the Serbian people and for today's Serbian state. The aim of this paper is to present as best as possible the interdependence of Serbian geopolitical decisions and events and historical factors.
Emigration intentions of the residents of the city of Zaječar through the perspective of migrant networks
Authors: Petrović Marko
Published: December 2024

Since the mid-sixties of the last century, the area of Eastern Serbia has been facing a process of intensive emigration of the population. During the process of emigration, social migrant networks are created between the countries of origin of the migrants and the countries of their destination. As networks play a key role in shaping migration decisions and experiences, it is very important to examine their role and importance in the Republic of Serbia, and above all in its emigration zones. As the eastern part of Serbia (Braničevo and Zaječar regions) belongs to the oldest emigration zone, it is very important to determine how the networks were formed, their evolution and transformation, but first of all the influence on the attitudes and intentions of the population of this part of Serbia regarding migration. The work is based on the results of field research conducted in 2019, which investigated various aspects of migration phenomena, as well as the role of migrant networks, i.e. family, friends and acquaintances abroad in attracting new immigrants. In the research, the methods of focus group interviews , semi-structured interviews, as well as field observations in the urban and rural areas of the City of Zaječar were applied. The results showed that migrant networks shape decisions about migration and its outcomes, and their role is most often of key importance in making the decision about migration, because they represent the best and fastest way to obtain information about the potential country of destination, employment opportunities, but also in financial support upon arrival. The study of migration networks in Serbia, through comparison with other countries, will lead to a better understanding of this phenomenon, influence on future decisions on migration, as well as a more significant connection between local self-government and the diaspora in the function of development.
Smart agent for decision making on probable harm legal rule for computer crime prevention
Authors: Hamrouni Chafaa , Alutaybi Aarif , Ouerfelli Ghofrane
Published: December 2024

The increasing use of automation highlights the need to minimize human involvement in decision-making for legal principles related to probable harm, international regulations, and agreements that protect computer programs. Automation improves the accuracy of contracts, especially when adapting to changes in laws, court rulings, and legal interpretations. Protecting computer programs under intellectual property laws is crucial, recognizing them as both literary and artistic works. The complexity of cybercrimes and intellectual property issues requires intelligent systems for effective support. In this research work, we propose a smart decision-support agent to address these challenges. Based on advanced technologies, we successfully developed a proposed system able to interpret, apply international laws, and legal standards related to computer crimes. The proposed system assesses probable harm, ensures compliance with regulations, and adapt to changing legal frameworks. Test results validate, by aligning with judicial reasoning and legal developments, that the system offers a flexible and adaptive approach. Automated assessments improve auxiliary decision-making accuracy and help harmonize global standards for computer program protection. The system’s knowledge base will include international laws, treaties, and precedents, using machine learning and natural language processing to analyze legal texts and predict outcomes. By reducing human input, the system ensures efficiency and consistency while strengthening enforcement of intellectual property rights and addressing jurisdictional challenges. Combining technology with legal practices, this intelligent agent represents a major step forward in enhancing cybersecurity and protecting intellectual property. Focused on safeguarding computer programs, this innovation supports the evolving needs of legal systems in the digital era.
Synthesis and characterization of high-performance sustainable polymers for FDM applications
Authors: Subramani Raja , Ali Rusho Maher , Thimothy Pandi , Mustafa Wael Waleed , Ali Suaad Turki , Hashim Raid D. , Jawad Zainab Nizar , Mustafa Mohammed Ahmed , Kumar Avvaru Praveen
Published: December 2024

The trend toward a new era of sustainable production motivates the demand for compatible high-performance polymers designed for fused deposition modeling (FDM) applications. In our synthesis and characterization work toward green polymers designed in conformance with the highest stringent mechanical requirements for specific application areas of FDM technologies, we focus on polymer composite materials that are potentially both biodegradable as well as bio-based polymers. Mechanical characterization is done on the tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance of the synthesized polymers. The results show that these polymers possess enough mechanical toughness for FDM. In addition, the adhesion among the layers increases with the help of these sustainable polymers, which gives the printable form. If sustainability is retained to meet the required mechanical conditions by FDM, then the outcome presents a route toward increasing their application in the manufacturing industries and adds less to the degradation of the environment while not retarding its performance. This work contributes to the field of sustainable additive manufacturing by providing viable alternatives to traditional materials, thus opening avenues for environmentally friendly and high-performance polymers to be used in FDM.
A Review on Disease Prediction Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Pallavi Patil  , Kirankumari Patil
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used for disease prediction in various ways. AI can analyze medical images such as X-rays, MRI scans, CT scans, and mammograms to detect abnormalities and identify potential diseases. This can help in early detection and diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. AI can analyze electronic health records (EHRs) to identify patterns and correlations in patient data. This can assist identify patients who are at risk of developing certain diseases and enable proactive intervention.AI can analyze data collected from wearable devices such as fitness trackers and smart watches to monitor health parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and sleep patterns. This can help identify early signs of diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and sleep apnea.AI can analyze patient symptoms and medical history through natural language processing (NLP) to identify potential diseases. This can help healthcare professionals to make a more accurate diagnosis and recommend suitable treatments. Overall, AI has the latent to revolutionize disease prediction by enabling early detection and proactive intervention, which can mend patient outcomes and moderate healthcare costs.
English Phonology for Second Languange Learner
Authors: Safitri Dea , Nurul Fhadilah  , Yani Lubis
Published: December 2024

This article provides an overview of English phonology for second-language learners. It employs qualitative methods with library research data collection techniques, specifically analyzing scientific journals and other relevant articles. The aim is to explore the intricacies of English phonology and its challenges for non-native speakers. The study delves into the various aspects of English phonetics and phonology, including segmental and suprasegmental features, vowel and consonant sounds, stress, intonation, and rhythm. It examines common pronunciation difficulties second language learners face and offers insights into practical strategies for improving pronunciation skills. The findings of this research contribute to the existing body of knowledge on English phonology and provide valuable guidance for educators and learners seeking to enhance their spoken English proficiency.
Exploring The Influence of Electrode Material on Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ahmad Zarkasi  , Mohammad Asrul  , Kholis Nurhanafi  , Rahmawati Munir  , Amirin Kusmiran  , Kormil Saputra
Published: December 2024

Electrodes play a crucial role in impedance measurements using the EIS method. This study undertook a comparative analysis of impedance measurement outcomes using aluminum, iron, stainless steel, copper, and tin electrodes with mineral water and distilled water as the measurement objects. The impedance Bode plots for mineral water and distilled water showed similar trends across all electrodes, while the phase difference trends varied. In this experiment, copper electrodes emerge as the preferred choice due to their consistently low impedance, particularly at higher frequencies, and their stable phase difference patterns. Additionally, copper electrodes showed superior stability up to 25 kHz, while tin electrodes remained stable up to 50 kHz, albeit valid only from a frequency of 100 Hz. The varying impedance and phase difference in mineral water measurements align with the Warburg impedance circuit, due to the presence of more complex capacitive and inductive elements. Furthermore, measurements with distilled water showed a uniform Bode plot pattern of both impedance and phase difference across all electrodes, making the Randles circuit approach the most appropriate choice in this case. Overall, all electrode types exhibited distinct characteristics.
The Impact of Noise Exposure on the Number of Primary Spermatocyte Cells in Mice (Mus musculus): An Experimental Study at UD Dua Saudara Demak
Authors: Purwito Soegeng Prasetijono  , Dong-Ha Nam  , Michael Adebayo
Published: December 2024

The utilization of machinery in the production process can increase output, but it also generates significant noise, potentially disrupting activities and causing noise stress. Noise stress can affect the spermatogenesis process. This study aims to investigate the effect of noise exposure on the number of primary spermatocyte cells in mice (Mus musculus) in the UD Dua Saudara Demak wood cutting environment. The study was conducted using mice as subjects, given the ethical and operative limitations on humans. Mice exposed to noise with an intensity of 90 dB for 35 days were divided into three groups: Treatment Group I (KP I) consisting of six mice using ear protective equipment (APT), Treatment Group II (KP II) without APT, and Control Group (KK) with 60 dB noise. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests with a significance level of p<0.05. The results of the analysis showed the number of primary spermatocyte cells in the Control Group (KK) was 64.13 ± 1.99; KP I was 64.88 ± 1.45; and KP II was 51.88 ± 0.82. The One Way ANOVA test resulted in p=0.000, which indicates there is a significant difference between the two groups. Bonferroni post hoc test showed significant differences between KK and KP II, as well as between KP I and KP II, while there was no significant difference between KK and KP I (p=0.399). There is an effect of noise exposure on the number of primary spermatocyte cells in mice (Mus musculus) wood cutting.
A Review of De Novo Programming
Authors: Mega Yumia  , Febrianto Afli
Published: December 2024

The article explores some of the developments in de novo programming. The research that has been chosen for discussion may be obtained on Google Scholar by searching for "De Novo Optimalization"; it is not a case study. Integrating uncertainty into De Novo programming through the addition of fuzzy functions and strategies for its resolution is one of the primary research development goals for the discipline.
Development of a Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Measurement Device Using the Wheatstone Bridge Method Based on Arduino
Authors: Huamaidillah Kurniadi Wardana  , Vincent Andrew Akpan  , Mohamed Bakry El Mashade  , Bidya Debnath  , Anderson L. Silva
Published: December 2024

Monitoring blood glucose levels in the body of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients regularly is an essential part of managing blood sugar levels, which can improve the quality of life for DM patients. One approach in health technology for non-invasive blood glucose detection is through the use of the patient's urine. In this study, a blood glucose measurement device was designed using Arduino Uno, a Wheatstone bridge circuit, a voltage amplifier, and a 16x4 LCD to display the measurement results. The measurement process involves placing a urine sample on one arm of the Wheatstone bridge circuit, where two copper electrode cells are positioned. Changes in the output voltage of the bridge circuit result in a voltage variation, which is then amplified by the voltage amplifier, allowing it to be read by the Arduino. The measurement results indicate that the Wheatstone bridge method can be used to detect glucose in urine, with changes in voltage observed for each tested urine sample.
EFECTIVE COMMPENSATION FOR VICTIMS OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES ACCORDING TO ALBANIAN AND ITALIAN LEGISLATION
Authors: KLLAPI Sotir , SHEHAJ Enerjeta , CUKAJ Lirime
Published: December 2024

The protection of the victim in a criminal activity is guaranteed first by international legislation and further by national legislation, which is approaching international law. The European Union countries, increasingly, have sought to have a unified law. While countries that want to join the EU, as well as Albania, have a legal obligation to have their internal laws in line with the EU acquis, as the latter is considered as the model to be followed in domestic law, it is the right to be achieved and that should be. The reforms undertaken in the Criminal Procedure Code, from 2016 onwards, have brought about a significant improvement of the victim of the criminal offense, giving her a more active role and recognition of many procedural rights. Despite the significant improvement of the victim's position in criminal proceedings, there are still legally and practically unresolved problems. One of the very important rights is the right to compensation or reparation of the victim of the criminal offense, in all kinds of damages he has suffered. Legal remedies to address the court are either civil lawsuits in the criminal process or civil lawsuits in the civil process. Victims also manage to get positive decisions from Albanian courts, which cannot be executed effectively. The lack of such legal regulation in Albania has left the victim without an effective compensation/reparation, as an obligation of the state to realize these rights!! This paper attempts to bring about the legal regulation regarding the compensation/reparation of the victim in Albania, is it complete? What is the compensation of victims in practice? This paper tries to be comparative, comparing with the legislation of EU member states such as Italy.