bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application of Aluminum and Hydrochloric Acid to Produce Hydrogen for Internal Combustion Engine via Hydrogen Mixture with Gasoline Based on Specific Fuel Consumption
Authors: Razali Halim , Sopian Kamaruzzaman , Mat Sohif
Published: February 2014

Combustion performance from the use of hydrogen generated through chemical activity between aluminum and hydrochloric acid that can be applied as an alternative fuel source for internal combustion engine needs is the aim of this paper. Applications of a mixture of hydrogen with petrol can be used to increase the combustion performance especially on the effect of sfc. Sfc is the parameter used in stoichiometric ratio for the combustion process. The methodology includes the production process of hydrogen, interpretation of reaction rates and the effect on specific fuel consumption (sfc) for internal combustion engine. This results showed 0.7412 mole of hydrogen can be generated through the chemical reaction between 20 grams of aluminium with 250 ml of hydrochloric acid or 1 kg of aluminium can produce 37.06 moles which is equivalent to 108 grams hydrogen. Fuel economy of each load test was 6.5% (L0), 18.5% (L1) and 30% (L2) in grams per kilowatt hour. The rate used in each test load was 100 g/kWh (L0), 80.77 g/kWh (L1), and 112 g/kWh (L2) compared to petrol of 107 g/kWh (L0), 99.23 g/kWh (L1) and 162 g/kWh (L2). Results from the combustion of petrol, air and hydrogen in proportion of 100 g/kWh, 80.77 g/kWh and 112 g/kWh was able to improve the quality of combustion compared to the normal fuel consumption. The total use of sfc achieved 20.3% savings in grams per kilowatt hour for the engine (G + H2) with an average value of 98 g/kWh compared to the engine (G) with an average value of 123 g/kWh.
Energetic Efficiency - A New Tool, Methodology of Integrate Design for Buildings' Openings
Authors: Georgi Vendramin Aurea Lucia , Yamamoto Carlos Itsuo , Souza Melegari Samuel N.
Published: February 2014

The Residential sector in Brazil is responsible for 26% of energy consumption for illumination, refrigeration and heating, because of this there is a necessity to project in a correct way the openings and choose better materials for construction, targeting the energy rationalization. This article describes the development of a new model that uses a method where openings are represented by single glass and double glass. The model is based on a healthy balance equations purely theoretical and empirical data. Simplified equations are derived through a synthesis of the measured data obtained from meteorological stations, as well as the literature. The implementation of the model in a design tool integrated naturally lit buildings is discussed in this article, to better punctuate the requirements of comfort and energy efficiency in architecture and engineering. Assumes significant importance in studies of heatstroke buildings, aiming to guide the professionals through the process of architectural design, preliminary study and detail of construction elements. It was used a method of degree-days for an assessment of the energy performance of a building showed that the design of the architectural design should always be considered the materials used and the size of the openings. The energy performance was obtained through the model, considering the location of the building in the city of Curitiba, Foz do Iguaçu, Londrina and Cascavel - PR. Obtained climatic data of these locations and in a second step, it was obtained the coefficient of total heat loss in the building pre-established so evaluating the thermal comfort and energy performance. It was observed that heating degree days in winter are of 77.78 to Curitiba the base temperature of 14 ° C and cooling degree days in winter 30.17. For Curitiba lower air exchange, the lower the energy consumption for heating and thus the higher the intake, the greater exchange of air. This means that the more openings in buildings in Curitiba, and are installed to the east side, they may be higher because the glass added to the geometry of architectural spaces will cause the environment conserve energy.
Discussion on Operation Modes to the Electric Vehicle Charging Station
Authors: Tan Xian Qiu , Yang Sheng Chun , Fang Yan Ping , Xue Dong
Published: February 2014

Electric vehicle charging station provides power supply for electric vehicles running, and it is the most important supporting infrastructure of electric vehicles. The article analyses three modes of electric vehicle charging station charging methods, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each model, gives the developing trend of the pattern of the operation of electric vehicles, and provides some effective suggestions for electric vehicle charging station for the future.
Preparation and Properties of TiO2(B)/Graphene Nanocomposites as Anode Materials Fo Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Tang Yi Ping , Wang Shi Ming , Ding Jia Feng , Hou Guang Ya , Zheng Guo Qu
Published: February 2014

In this work, TiO2(B) nanotubes with uniform diameter were prepared by the simple route of hydrothermal synthesis, and graphene nanosheets were added to form TiO2(B)/graphene nanocomposites, the two kinds of materials were comparatively studied as anode materials. The morphology and crystal structure were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performance was evaluated by galvanostatic chargedischarge tests. The results show that the nanocomposite electrode material has good electrochemical performance due to the contributions of graphene. At the current density of 50mA/g, the capacity of TiO2(B)/graphene is 135.8 mAh/g, and the coulombic efficiency is 61.8%, after 10 charge-discharge cycles it still retains 113.2mAh/g . However, TiO2(B) anode reduces rapidly to 65.6 mAh/g.
Gasification of Biomass in a Fixed Bed Reactor
Authors: Delgado Arnoldo Emilio , Avilés Oscar F.S. , Aperador William
Published: February 2014

Currently, there are different kinds of alternative fuels called "clean fuels" within which hydrogen gas is considered. The hydrogen can be produced by various methods. The aim of this research is producing hydrogen gas by gasification of biomass in a fixed bed reactor, using a gaseous mixture with a high energy potential.
Theoretical Investigation of a Power Cycle Using Ammonia-Water as Working Fluid
Authors: Yuan Han , Mei Ning , Yang Shuai , Hu Si Yuan
Published: February 2014

A novel ammonia-water power cycle is proposed, which uses low-temperature heat sources such as oceanic-thermal, biomass as well as industrial waste heats. An ejector is introduced between the turbine and the absorber. The main emphasis is placed on the energy and exergy analysis to guide the thermodynamic improvement for the cycle; parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the effects of thermodynamic parameters on the cycle performances. The result shows that the thermal efficiency can reach to 5.31% and the exergitic efficiency varies between 13.3% and 24.4% under the given condition. In addition, the generator pressure, the deflation ratio variation and the turbine outlet depressurization made by ejector have significant effects on the performance of the power cycle.
Joint Optimization of the Wind-Pumped Storage System
Authors: Zhang Ming Guang , Hu Yun
Published: February 2014

To improve the connected-grid wind power quality as well as profit, the pumped storage station is used to configure the wind farm. The economical benefit and deviation models are built as objective functions, the united operation is based on fuzzy multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (FMOEA). In order to outstand method advantages, the results are compared with the consequences from each objective function that are optimized respectively. The analysis shows that a wind farm with a pumped storage station is as a combined system and uses FMOEA, not only improving profit, but also paying attention to reduce deviation so that can achieve the total net profit increase.
Research on Power Flow Interface Oriented Regional Wind Power Forecasting Method
Authors: Yu Yun , Yang Bo , Ge Fu Jiang
Published: February 2014

Accurate regional wind power forecasting guarantees the security and economics of the power system integrated with large scale of wind power. Aiming at the gross wind power output of the whole regional grid area, existing regional wind power forecasting methods fails to characterize the locally gross output power of the wind farm aggregation forming a power flow interface with specified flow restraints. In this paper, the work flow of the power flow oriented regional wind power forecasting method based on whole-grid regional wind power forecasting methods was presented first. Then, the data preparation, data preprocessing and the mathematical description of the algorithm for our method were presented. Finally, the case study proved the feasibility and effectiveness of our method. The conclusion indicates that the method presented in this paper implements a multiple temporal and spatial scale regional win power forecasting technology, which can obviously improve the accuracy of regional wind power forecasting, relieve the pressure for the grid side and improve the utilization rate of wind power.
Finite Element Method for Simulating the Effects of Torque and Drag on Buckling of Tubular inside Borehole of an Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Bagadi Yousif , Fadol Abdelwahab M. , Gao De Li
Published: February 2014

Tubular buckled inside wellbore section of oil or gas wells may cause problems such as: Casing wear/failure, Eliminates the transmission of axial load to the Bit, Drillpipe fatigue, Bit direction change, Severe drag and torque, Tubing seal failure, Connection failure. According to what mentioned above, it would be necessary to make an investigation on the effect of drag and/or torque on buckling of tubular inside horizontal wellbore (the so-called torque-drag-buckling relationship), the study depends mainly on conducting experimental tests and develop Finite Element Model, and utilize the results to predict the tubular behavior under different circumstances of torque and drag, also these results were compared and verified with some of theoretical approaches. Results obtained from this study indicates that torsion load had a little effect on buckling of tubular in horizontal section, this effect increase with decrease in pipe stiffness. Helical buckling tends to increase highly drag force, and thus eliminates transmission of axial load to the bit. Drag force tend to increase with torsion load as a result drag increase helical buckling. For prediction of helical buckling Lubinski and Woods, Gao Deli and Chen et. al provided a good agreement with one-end hinge condition, and Dellinger equation is the best for two-end hinge boundary condition.
Application of ZnO Nanostructure by Hydrothermal Growth in Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Bao Li , Zou X.P. , Lv X.M. , Yang G.Q. , Wei C.L. , Sun Z. , Huang Z.B. , Zhou H.Q.
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we mainly talk about two kinds of ZnO nanostructure materials which are rod and flower structure by hydrothermal growth as photoanode of quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). Using chemical bath deposition to assemble CdS quantum dots onto ZnO nanostructure materials, and after different CBD cycles we could get the cell parameters of different CBD cycles respectively in their I-V curves, from which we could see it is the flower structure that has the highest efficiency which is 0.346% after 9 CBD cycles and the short-circuit current is 2.88 mA/cm2. Therefore, we could see that ZnO flower structure has a potential application in solar cell devices as the photoelectrode to gain higher photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE).
Dust Effect on the Performance of Photovoltaic
Authors: Kazem Hussein A. , Al-Bahri Said , Al-Badi Saud , Al-Mahkladi Haifa , Al-Waeli Ali H. A.
Published: February 2014

Dust represents one of the important environmental parameters that effect photovoltaic (PV) performance. PV performance may be considerably affected when dust particles are deposited on the PV panels. In this paper, the experimental data concerning the effect of three types of dust pollutants (red soil, ash and sand) on the performance of PV panels (mono-c, multi-c and a-Si technologies investigated) have been investigated. It is found that ash have the highest effect in comparison with other pollutants. Also, it is found that a-Si is performing better than mono-c and multi-c in dusty environment.
Sensitivity of Induction Motor under Symmetrical Voltage Sags and Interruption
Authors: Hardi Surya , Daut Ismail , Rohana Ismail , Hafizi Muhd
Published: February 2014

Voltage sags and interruption are one of most important of power quality problems. They can influence performance of equipment such as induction motors. They are generally caused by short circuit faults in transmission and distribution systems which propagate in entire of power systems. When their appear at a motor terminal, its effects are the speed and the torque will decrease to a level lower than values of the normal and even the motor become stall if magnitude of the voltage sags and duration exceed certain limit. The voltage can return to nominal voltage after end of the voltage sag and interruption. The motor will experience re-acceleration to normal condition is accompanied by large inrush current. A study on induction motors was carried out to confirm these effects. Single-phase and three-phase of small induction motors were used for investigating the effects caused by symmetrical voltage sags and interruption through experimental and simulation.
The Design of the Hybrid Energy Storage System in Hybrid Construction Machinery
Authors: Wang Hong Mei
Published: February 2014

The energy storage system (ESS) is playing an important role in the hybrid system. Because of the high power density of the supercapacitor (SC) and the high energy density of the battery, the hybrid ESS with the two energy storing devices is widely used in the hybrid vehicles. But the research on the hybrid ESS in hybrid construction machinery is nearly blank. According to the characteristics of the hybrid ESS, the structure applied to the hybrid construction machinery is put forward, and the power converter DC-DC is designed and simulated, too. The simulation results prove that the bidirectional DC-DC can meet the requirement of the hybrid ESS.
Application of Embedded System in Energy Management System
Authors: Wu Yu En , Huang Kuo Chan , Shen Chih Lung
Published: February 2014

In this paper, a custom-made energy management system based on embedded system with a touch panel/LCD/FPGA and microprocessor is implemented, it not only solve the problem of energy waste, control scattered energy supply and saving, but also generate a user-friendly control platform. The life of the proposed system is also longer than an EMS with personal computer. In the proposed embedded EMS, a simulation of FPGA is firstly designed and processed with the control circuit of touch panel, RENESASs micro-processor, and communication panels of ZIGBEE and CAN BUS to constitute the system hardware. Analysis and allocation of energy is then done to complete the software design. Finally, experimental results are used to verify the feasibility and reliability of the proposed EMS.
Natural Light and Building Materials
Authors: Burlacu Laura Andreea
Published: February 2014

Architecture is the one that must satisfy the needs of human activities and therefore depends on the day/night cycle in the process of building designing, in the functional distribution and also in the way the image is perceived by people, in different moments of the day. This is where the concern for intensity and light type appears when designing a building. Light features, heat, air circulation represent key words in assessing the energy consumption of a building. When these features are correctly manipulated and controlled, they will diminish the consumptions made by used inside artificial lighting systems and will lead to the growth of energetic efficiency and thermal comfort. Thus, the architect should know all possibilities, usage and imaginary methods for materials, as well as the effects one can expect when applying and exploiting natural and artificial light. Sustainable development means minimizing environment costs and maximizing economic profit, so that satisfaction of the present needs can be possible without compromising the possibility for future generations to satisfy their own needs.
Adsorptive Removal of Pb(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution Using Rice Husk-Based Activated Carbon
Authors: Taha Mohd Faisal , Rosman Ahmad S. , Shaharun Maizatul Shima
Published: February 2014

The potential of rice husk-based activated carbon as an alternative low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution was investigated. Rice husk-based activated carbon was prepared via chemical activation process using NaOH followed by the carbonization process at 500°C. Morphological analysis was conducted using field-emission scanning electron microscope /energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM/EDX) on three samples, i.e. raw rice husk, rice husk treated with NaOH and rice husk-based activated carbon. These three samples were also analyzed for their C, H, N, O and Si contents using CHN elemental analyzer and FESEM/EDX. The textural properties of rice husk-based activated carbon, i.e. surface area (253 m2/g) and pore volume (0.17 cm2/g), were determined by N2 adsorption. The adsorption studies using rice husk-based activated carbon as an adsorbent to remove Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution were carried out at a fixed initial concentration of Pb (II) ion (150 ppm) with varying adsorbent dose as a function of contact time at room temperature. The concentration of Pb (II) ion was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution increased from 35 % to 82 % when the amount of rice husk-based activated carbon was increased from 0.05 g to 0.30 g. The equilibrium data obtained from adsorption studies was found to fit both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms.
Nonlinear Dynamics Analysis of Gear System Considering Unbalance and Loosening Faults
Authors: Cui Li , Shi Da Fang , Zheng Jian Rong , Song Xiao Guang
Published: February 2014

Considering backlash, radial clearance of bearing and time-varying mesh stiffness, nonlinear dynamic model of gear bearing rotor system is established considering unbalance and loosening fault. Nonlinear dynamic equations are solved using Runge-Kutta method and Newton-Raphson method. Numerical simulations of the dynamic equations and the affection of the depth of crack and length of wear to the nonlinear dynamic behavior are studied. The results shows that tooth off, bilateral impact phenomenon are occurred, with increasing gear failure when unbalance occurs, and the gear system exhibits a diverse range of periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic motion. When loosening fault occurs, the range of chaos motion is increased, and gear burnishing is also intensified.
Nonstationary Response of Optimal Controlled Stochastic Van Der Pol Oscillator
Authors: Qi Lu Yuan , Xu Wei , Gao Wei Ting
Published: February 2014

A procedure to calculate the transient response of optimal controlled stochastic Van Der Pol oscillator is proposed. The stochastic averaging method is employed to obtain a partially averaged Itô equation for the amplitude process. The dynamical programming equation is adopted to minimize the system response. An optimal control law with a control constraint is established. The completed averaged Itô equation is obtained. The transient probability density function is solved from Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation by Galerkin method. Results obtained show the proposed method is accurate. The effective of the control strategy is significant.
A Novel Image Segmentation Enhance Technology for Motion Human Body
Authors: Gao Da Peng , Zhu Qing Xing , Li Chao Rong , Li Ting Yuan
Published: February 2014

In this paper, a novel technology, which detects and forecasts human's abnormal behavior, is proposed. Taking an abnormal behavior, the robbery, as an example, the accuracy of the technology is demonstrated successfully. There are 3 innovations in this paper. A) A robbery incident is divided into 5 phases occurred orderly. By its order, a robbery is detected. B) By human body's motion character, the human body's speeds are measured in different areas and at different times. It improves the accuracy rate of a classifier. C) The technology can forecast an abnormal human behavior in a short time advance. Experiment shows that the technology detecting and forecasting accuracy are high enough to be used in practice.
Higher Order Sliding Mode Control for the Tracking Trajectory - The Twisting Algorithm Applied to the Vehicle Model
Authors: Diallo Thierno Mamadou Pathe , Li Hong Sheng , He Ning Hui
Published: February 2014

In this paper a higher order sliding mode control based on the twisting algorithm is studied. The aim is to prove the impact of the choice of sliding surface in the design of the control law. The simulation results shows, a proper selection of the sliding surface in the design of the control law can eliminate or reduce the phenomenon of reluctance. The phenomenon of reluctance or chattering is a major drawback significant in sliding mode control because, although it is possible to filter the output of the process, it is likely to excite high frequency modes that have not been included in the model of the system. This can degrade performance and even lead to instability. For the design of the control law of vehicle model, two sliding surfaces are integrated; the first show a good tracking in the simulation result with disadvantage of the chattering presence in the control law while the second provide a good performance without chattering.
A New Design of Variable Traction Tracked System
Authors: Low Tan Jung , Yong Suet Peng , Ung Choon Leong , Leong Chan Weng
Published: February 2014

This paper discussed the possibility of deploying the proposed Variable Geometry Tracked Vehicle (VGTV) in our first robotic based prototype called REC-01. REC-01 is being developed as a miniature scouting and search & rescue all-terrain robotic vehicle. Its comparatively small size and mass limit its power capacity and navigational capabilities for larger obstacles. The VGTV is a unique concept used to overcome these shortcomings. The main part of this paper is to discuss the mechanical efficiency of the tracked systems in some specific field conditions and compare the results with the conventional tracked propulsion. The outcomes of the first prototype are also briefly discussed in this paper.
Underwater Motor Sealing Based on Magnetic Force Coupling
Authors: Tan Ding Zhong , Qiu Ying , Wang Qi Ming
Published: February 2014

According to the requirements of sealing a deepwater motor on an underwater device, the overall structure of the magnetic-driven sealer is designed, and its magnetic structure is determined in this paper. The arrangement of magnet is researched and determined, a reasonable aspect ratio of the magnetic circuit is chosen as well. The problem of reasonable matching between thickness of permanent magnet and the arc of active surface of magnetic pole is analyzed, and the operating point of permanent magnetic materials is determined. The torque of magnetic circuit is calculated, the power matching and correction are studied, and the design and calculations of the torque of magnetic-driven sealer are completed, and the dimension of the overall structure is designed. Permanent magnetic materials, soft magnetic materials, yoke steel material and the materials of isolated sets are analyzed, respectively, and at last reasonable materials are chosen. Moreover, the design of isolated sets is accomplished, and the loss of eddy current and the hydraulic friction, existing on magnetic-driven sealer, are analyzed and calculated. Based on the calculation of analytical method and by using software of ANSYS, the magnetic circuit of magnetic-driven sealer is simulated and analyzed. The magnetic field distribution of model is analyzed when the angle difference, the number of the magnetic poles or thickness of yoke steel is changed, respectively. In conclusion, the simulation results are consistent with the theoretical calculation.
Random Vibration Structure Fatigue Analysis Based on Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Liu Long Tao , Li Chuan Ri , Rong Shuang Long , Jin You Gang
Published: February 2014

In order to analyze the fatigue of the airborne product structure, the modal analysis and random vibration analysis are conducted for the product by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS. The modal analyzing results are compared with the modal test results and the finite element model is corrected. The stress response power spectral density is obtained from random vibration analyzing. A frequency domain method for calculating the fatigue damage of the structure is presented. The simulation results are in agreement with the reliability enhancement testing results. An optimization scheme for the product structure design is given.
Irreversible Crystal to Crystal Transformation of Nano Lead(II) Coordination Polymer by Solid State Anion-Replacement
Authors: Morsali Ali , Safarifard Vahid
Published: February 2014

Irreversible crystal-to-crystal transformation of 3D lead (II) coordination polymer with the ligand 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylic acid (HL), [Pb (L)(μ1,1-NCS)(H2O)]n (1) to 3D supramalecular compound [Pb (L)(μ2-I)]n (2) by solid state anion-replacement have been studied. Structural determination of compound 2 reveals the Pb (II) ion is five coordinated with hemidirected geometry, bonded to one nitrogen atom, two oxygen atoms from the Lˉ ligand and two iodide ions. The irreversible solid state structural transformation of compound 1 to compound 2, by anion-replacement processes under mechanochemical reaction have been verified by PXRD measurements. Nanoparticles of compound 1 was synthesized by sonochemical process and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The SEM images showed that no morphology change occur during this solid state anion-replacement.
Both Side Linked Fuzzy Controlled Antennas Array Systemdevelopment for Small Satellite Application: ERP Sat_1
Authors: Hamrouni Chafaa , Neji Bilel , Alimi Adel M.
Published: February 2014

Pico Satellite Telecommunication with Ground Station (GS) is Characterized by a Limitedline of Sight that Affects Transmission Delay and Data. in this Paper, a New Fuzzy Logic Control Systemmodel is Proposed to Ensure a Long Lasting Ground Station (G.S) Visibility to Pico Satellite Duringorbiting in Leo. Developed System is Helpful to Control Wave Propagation for Transmission. Presentedmethod Describes a Fuzzy Switching Control System for both Side Microstrip Antennas Array Systemmodel that Guarantee a Maximum Transmission Time and Achieves Small Satellite Communicationcontrol Performance with Simplified Control Scheme. the Method Includes Switched Systemmodeling, Fuzzy Control System Design, and Optimized Fuzzy Modeling Algorithm; in Addition Petri Netmodeling is Developed to Predict System Behavior. Added Algorithms were Simulated and Tested.Proposed System and Integrated Algorithms Performance were Demonstrated in the Reportedsimulations and Tests Results.
Study of Vibration Characteristics of the Reciprocating Compressor on the Offshore Platform Based on Harmonic Wavelet Packet Transform
Authors: Huang Ye Hua , Dai Guo Hua
Published: February 2014

In order to determine the vibration characteristics of the reciprocating compressor on the offshore platform, the vibration signal from the reciprocating compressor on the offshore platform was investigated by applying the harmonic wavelet packet transform. The energy variation of vibration signal under the different frequencies was discussed. It was shown that the vibration energy of the reciprocating compressor in the horizontal and vertical directions is mainly concentrated in the low frequency of 25Hz and 50Hz, and the vibration energy of other frequency is small and smooth. In the axial direction, the vibration energy of the reciprocating compressor extends to the medium-high frequency, and the large energy appears in the 225 Hz. Therefore, the harmonic wavelet packet transform can be used to research the vibration characteristics of the reciprocating compressor on the offshore platform.
Research of Thermoanalysis of Horizontal Casting Machine Supporting Parts Based on Finite Element
Authors: Ren Li Na , Liu Chun , Rui Zhi Yuan , Kou Ming Yan
Published: February 2014

Horizontal casting machine is one of the key equipments of the continuous casting production line for aluminum ingot, the stable running of transporting chain has direct effects on the surface roughness of the finished aluminum ingots and the technical data of the machine. The casting machine supports are the main carriers of molds,the drive chain and other components,which have long-term work in hot and humid environment and easily leads to the running stationarity of transporting chain reduced. So in order to improve the operation stability of the transporting chains of the casting machine and the surface roughness of the finished aluminum ingots, the sequential coupling analysis methods of thermal structural coupled analysis module of the finite element software ANYSYS is used to analysis of thermal deformation and temperature field simulation for the casting machine supports, and determine the size and distribution pattern of the thermal deformation and thermal stress of the casting machine bearing parts,the simulation results provide a theoretical basis for new product design and development work in the selection ,structure and layout optimization.
Design and Implementation of a Robot Based on Voice Recognition
Authors: Yu You Ming , Zhao Guo Qing , Du Tian Cang
Published: February 2014

With the continuous improvement of voice technology and the rapid development of Single-chip Microcomputer technology, voice recognition robots emerged. In this paper, a voice recognition robot was designed and Implemented by combining of toy robot and a microcontroller SPCE061A with some transformation. It can be controlled by trainers voice to walk forward, backwards, turn left, turn right, dancing with the music, left or right to aim, launch and continuous emission and other interesting action. This work is valuable to education teaching and research.
Microstructure of Porous V2O-CeO2-SiO2 Catalyst for SCR of NO with NH3 at Low Temperature
Authors: Sohot Mohd Razali , Jais Umi Sarah , Sulaiman Muhd Rosli
Published: February 2014

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a well-proven method to reduce NO emission. However, to choose the right catalyst that provides a surface for reaction between NO and ammonia at low temperatures is a challenging task for a catalysts developers. In an earlier study, we prepared V2O5-CeO2-SiO2 catalyst with increasing V2O5 content by sol-gel route and found that the catalytic activity improved with increasing the V2O5 loading up to 0.5%. The catalytic activity, however, dropped when V2O5 loading was about 1% and increased back when the loading of V2O5 was about 5%. In this study, we looked into the microstructural relationship to explain these findings. The microstructures of the catalysts before and after exposure to NO gas revealed that the catalysts with 0.2% and 0.5% V2O5 were more porous after the reduction process possibly due to improved breakdown of (NH4)HCO3 to NH3 by the possible interaction with the V2O5 and CeO2-containing catalysts which consequently resulted in a more efficient NO reduction to N2 and H2O at low temperature. The microstructure of the catalyst with 1% V2O5 content to 5%, improved back the efficiency although clogging by CeVO4 phase still possible due to its presence based on XRD. The well-ordered micropores before exposure to NO and the more efficient breakdown of (NH4)HCO3 could have contributed to increase back the catalytic activity at low temperature.
A Null Constrained Weight Based on Focused Beam Forming
Authors: Zhou Wei , Xu Feng
Published: February 2014

The performance of acoustic image measurement technique will be affected badly by coherence interference, even unable to get the noise targets image at all. A null weight constrained by zero and first derivative based on focused beam forming is proposed in this paper. The weight can put null on the given positions which are only decided by the interferences positions. The weight also has advantages in high robustness and low computation account which doesnt have to be calculated on real time. Simulations about single and multiple interferences on the condition of different SIR are proposed in the paper. And the results show that the new weight proposed in this paper can get targets image while putting nulls on the coherent interferences position.
Dynamic Simulation of Hydraulic Driving Mechanism Based on ADAMS
Authors: Zhu Xue Biao , Chen Kui Shen , Mei Yuan Yuan
Published: February 2014

It establishes the model of hydraulic driving quadruped walking robot by Lagranges equation according to mechanism parameter. It determines the relationship between joint space and operating space. Comprehensive using the software Pro/E and ADAMDS, then build its virtual model and present dynamics simulation. It analyses the robots walking tracks and stability of motion. It provides theory reference for optimized out reasonable quadruped walking robots structure parameter.
Design and Simulation Research on Mechanical Ventilation System for Small Underground Granary
Authors: Zhang Hai Hong , Wang Zhong Ying , Liu Qiang , Ma Peng Fei
Published: February 2014

The mechanical ventilation system of new type underground granary was designed and three wind pipe models with different length were investigated in this paper. Dynamic numerical simulation was applied for evaluating the cooling effect of mechanical ventilation of the granary. The simulation results, including temperature field, flow field and pressure field results, show that the cone shaped base of grain granary is better than flat shaped base. It is an optimal project that the main wind pipe opens with mesh only in the bottom. In addition, four vertical guide plates were set up around the main wind pipe, which have the function of saving energy and reducing consumption.
Design of a High-Performance Programmable Filter Based on TLC7528
Authors: Zhang Wei Min , Zhu Pei Min , Wang Xi Feng , Li Ya Min , Gao Yong
Published: February 2014

High-performance filter is the key to improving the detection accuracy of geophysical instruments. In order to achieve high-precision measurement of small signals, this paper presents a design of high-performance programmable filter based on TLC7528. The system design mainly included programmable amplifier circuit design, programmable filter circuit design, amplitude-frequency test circuit design, display circuit and the keyboard circuit design. The system used a microcontroller as the control center for system parameters setting and control, adopted analog switches and selected low-noise op amp to achieve programmable gain control, used TLC7528 to realize the filter cut off frequency adjustable by changing its internal resistance value and used the DDS chip and RMS conversion chip to design the circuit of amplitude-frequency characteristics, so as to test and analysis the signal amplitude and frequency of the system design filter. The experimental test data showed that the high performance filter has the characteristics of good linear, small voltage gain error, low power, flexibility and little environmental impact. It can significantly improve the accuracy of the geophysical detection equipment.
An Algorithm to Separate 1090ES ADS-B Signals
Authors: Gong Feng Xun , Wang Kai , Ma Yan Qiu
Published: February 2014

Multiple 1090ES ADS-B signals may be overlapped in the receiver systems on the ground. At the same time, 1090ES ADS-B signals may be interfered by A/C replies with the same carrier frequency. To address these problems, firstly, principle component analysis (PCA) is employed to pre-whiten the observed signals in order to reduce the relevance between signals. Then extended projection algorithm (EPA) is applied to separate 1090ES ADS-B signals. Effect of the separated signal is verified by simulation. The performance of this algorithm is also analyzed in several aspects. Simulation results show that this algorithm not only can succeed in separating multiple 1090ES ADS-B signals effectively but also has both higher precision and strong ability of stability.
A Filtering Control Method of the Gimbal Rate-Servo System in DGMSCMG Based on Strong Tracking Filter
Authors: Chen Xiao Cen , Chen Mao Yin
Published: February 2014

This paper proposes a filtering control method of the gimbal rate-servo system in DGMSCMG based on strong tracking filter. Due to the low angle measurement accuracy of the angle measurement device, this signal processing technology can overcome the shortcoming as well as improve the robustness of the controlled plant to the environment disturbance and parameter change. Meanwhile, high accuracy of modeling is not required owing to the advantage of the strong tracking filter. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the method.
An Intelligent Transport System Methodology to Identify and Controlling of Faulty Vehicles
Authors: Elumalai G. , Bhaskar G.B.
Published: February 2014

In Indian Transport System identification of faulty vehicle is a challenging task for the enforcing authority within a specified time. Faulty vehicles include hit and run accident vehicle, traffic violators, theft vehicles, escaping an accused in a vehicle and non-payment of tax vehicle etc. In the existing Intelligent Transport System (ITS), only the vehicles are being monitored, instead of catching the faulty vehicle. In this methodology, the vehicles are controlled by controlling the fuel mixture through Global Positioning System (GPS) and Electronic Control Unit (ECU) within stipulated time duration from the control room itself. To conclude, the prime objective of this work involves conducting an experiment to monitor as well as controlling the vehicle through GPS from the control room itself.
Structure and Properties of (Ti,Cr)N Films by Arc Ion Plating
Authors: Huang Mei Dong , Xue Li , Meng Fan Yu , Li Hong Yu , Fan Xi Ying
Published: February 2014

Ti,Cr)N films were fabricated on the well-polished high-speed-steel substrate under various deposition conditions by arc ion plating. X-ray diffraction was employed to characterize the phase and microstructure of the films, and the preferred orientation of the crystalline plane was discussed in terms of negative bias and nitrogen flow, respectively. The morphology of the films was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The size and density of macro-particles were compared for different bias and nitrogen flow. The mechanical properties of the films were investigated. The hardness and elastic module were tested by the XP nanoindenter. The results show that the size as well as the number of the macro-particles decreases with increasing negative bias, presenting a smoother surface. The films have preferred (111) plane at low biases but (200) plane at high ones. The hardness and elastic modulus of (Ti,Cr)N films increases with increasing negative bias. Larger hardness can be achieved by increasing nitrogen flow. It is found that the mechanical properties, such as hardness and elastic module of (Ti, Cr)N films are better than those of TiN films, according to the comparison of the experimental results. It indicates that the mechanical properties of TiN can be enhanced by doping Cr. The mechanism is also discussed and analysed by taking deposition parameters into account.
Improved Dynamic Bayesian Networks in Sea-Battlefield Situation Assessment
Authors: Yu Yong Tao , Ding Ying
Published: February 2014

How to efficiently evaluate the dynamic and complex the sea-battlefield situation facing the reality of the problem is the operational decision support. According to research sea-battlefield situation assessment based on improved dynamic Bayesian networks. First constructed the sea-battlefield situation assessment Bayesian networks model; second specific assessment task to establish the corresponding dynamic Bayesian networks; again reintroduced extended hidden variables, supplemental situation information to construct improved dynamic Bayesian networks; finally, according to the battlefield event reasoning, complete sea-battlefield situation assessment.
The Modular Parallel Mechanism of Single-Driven Multi-Legged Robots
Authors: Xie Hong , Wang Tao , Wang Xu Hong , Wei Ke Fan , Yin Qi Xin
Published: February 2014

This paper designs a modular parallel mechanism for single-driven multi-legged robots. The mechanism achieves the goal to coordinate the lifting and swinging of all the legs with only one actuator and has good motion characteristics. The mechanism is not only easy to control, but also capable to optimize the trajectory of the robot legs by changing the structure size of the mechanism. This paper implements the trajectory simulation and dynamic simulation of the key points of the mechanism on the basis of the kinematics model, and the results show that the mechanism has a good trajectory and motion characteristics. The modular parallel mechanism is also applicable to those multi-legged robots such as quadruped robots and eight-legged robots, indicating that it has a good scalability.
Use of Swimming Cells of Green Paramecia for Detection of Toxic Rare Earth Ions at Lethal and Sub-Lethal Concentration
Authors: Kawano Tomonori
Published: February 2014

Paramecium bursaria is an unicellular organism that lives widely in fresh water environments such as rivers and ponds. Recent studies have suggested that in vivo cellular robotics using the cells of P. bursaria as micro-machines controllable under electrical and optical stimuli, has a variety of engineering applications such as transport of micro-sized particles in the capillary systems. The present study aimed to test if the swimming cells of P. bursaria, implementable in capillaries or on chips, are applicable for detection of metal ions. For model assays, rare earth elements (REEs) were chosen as target chemicals. In P. bursaria, LC50 values for REE ions ranged between 2.0 and 62.7 µM. Among them, Sc was shown to be most toxic. In addition to the lethal impacts of REE ions, most of REE ions at sub-lethal concentrations at around 10 - 30 µM, showed inhibitory action against the motility of the cells during the electrically forced motility known as galvanotaxisis. In conclusion, in the non-lethal ranges of REE concentration, swimming cells of P. bursaria report the presence of REE ions, by lowering the motility.
A Software Tool for Automatic Identification of Dynamic Models
Authors: Gianni Bruno C. , Hatem João B.A. , Normey-Rico Julio E. , Flesch Rodolfo C.C. , Plucênio Augustinho
Published: February 2014

This paper presents a software tool developed for aiding the identification process of dynamic systems. This first version of the tool allows the user to generate excitation signals that are suitable for each kind of plant and also to automatically treat the raw process data in order to identify different types of models, which may include multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) and nonlinear behaviors. The potential of the tool is illustrated by performing the identification process of an industrial test stand for the energetic performance evaluation of refrigerant compressors. The results compare linear and nonlinear models for the process around an operating point and show that the proposed tool provides good results even for this nontrivial MIMO process, which presents dead times and other nonlinearities.
Dynamic and Fatigue Study of the Automotive Upper Arm Suspension System
Authors: Bouazara Mohamed , Saoudi Abdelhamid
Published: February 2014

Optimum design of an automotive part under random loading must satisfy two principal conditions: a safe fatigue life and a natural frequency far from the road power spectral density spectrum. Dynamic behaviour of the upper arm suspension was modelled solving the equation of motion. The quasi-static analysis was used in this study as it is highly efficient when the frequency of excitation is below the resonance frequency. The fatigue life was calculated from the multiaxial criterion equivalent to the uniaxial one based on Strain Energy Density. Finally, the critical elements were detected using a Matlab interface developed in previews work.
Application and Integration of Control Network and Information Network
Authors: Zhou Geng Lie , Hu Chi Bing , Wang Ya Zhou , Xie Juan Wen
Published: February 2014

Enterprise integrated automation is the general trend of industrial control development. The combination of control network and information network provides comprehensive information services for enterprise as production information, production control, planning decisions and sales management as well. The industrial control network and information network integration can realize the information and resources sharing among the enterprises networks and further improve the enterprises informationization and integrated automation level so as to achieve the situation that the enterprise production and management is more efficient and more flexible. The study introduces the information integration of the fieldbus control network and the information network and analyze the information integration technologies such as internetworking, dynamic data exchange (DDE), Open Database Connectivity (ODBC), OLE for Process Control (OPC), control network and information network with unified protocol standards. the integration application of bus system is illustrated with the example of Controller Area Network (CAN) bus.
The Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Cadmium Sulphide Nanocrystallites and their Thin Films
Authors: Arain Shafique Ahmed , Wilkins Christopher , Badaruddin Hafiz
Published: February 2014

Diethyl dithiocarbamate [Cd (S2CN Et2)2] complex is used to deposit the cadmium sulphide thin film at much lower temperature by Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour deposition (AACVD) and same precursor is used to synthesize the nanocrystals in Oleylamine at elevated temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that precursor [Cd (S2CN Et2)2] decomposes in the single stage, losing 62% of total weight. Deposition of thin films at 300 °C and 400 °C showed the growth of CdS clusters which were made of granular crystallites. These results are confirmed by SEM analysis. Thermolysis of the precursor in oleylamine at 240 °C gave the nanoparticles most of them are monodispersed spherical shape, few having mono and dipod structures. TEM images confirm the structures. XRD results show the thin films and nanoparticles have hexagonal phase of CdS.
Fluorescence and Judd-Ofelt Analysis of Er3+ Doped CaF2 Transparent Ceramic
Authors: Xing Ru Zhen , Mei Bing Chu , Song Jing Hong , Li Xiao Nv
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we evaluated the spectra parameters of Er3+.The absorption spectra of Er3+:CaF2 transparent ceramic was measured at room temperature (RT). Based on the Judd–Ofelt theory, the intensity parameters were Ω2= 5.02×10−20 cm2, Ω4 = 3.40×10−20 cm2 and Ω6 = 0.38×10−20 cm2, and then the values of the radiative transition probabilities, radiative lifetimes and integrated emission cross-sections of excited states were calculated. Full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the fluorescence spectra for 4I13/2→4I15/2 transition was investigated, being 17nm. The decay time was found to be 24.3ms, which is longer than the theoretically calculated value indicating a radiation trapping effect in this work.