bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organisation and management of multi-professional care for cancer patients at end-of-life: state-of-the-art from a survey to community and hospital-based professionals
Authors: Zuccarino Sara , Gioia Angela , Quattrone Filippo , Nuti Sabina , Emdin Michele , Ferrè Francesca
Published: October 2024

Providing timely and satisficing End-of-Life care (EOLC) is a priority for healthcare systems since aging population and chronic diseases are boosting the global demand for care at end-of-life (EOL). In OECD countries the access to EOLC is insufficient. In Italy, the average rate of cancer patients assisted by the palliative care (PC) network at EOL was 28% in 2021, with high variability in the country. Among the Italian regions offering the best coverages, Tuscany has a rate of about 40%, but intraregional variation is marked as well. The study aims to explore the delivery of EOLC to adult cancer patients in public facilities in the Tuscany region through survey data collection among professionals. Two online surveys were delivered to Directors of community-based PC Functional-Units (FUs) and Directors of hospital-based medical-oncology units. All FU Directors responded to the survey (n = 14), and a response rate of 96% was achieved from hospital-unit Directors (n = 27). The results highlight the availability of numerous dedicated services, but reveal heterogeneity among and within organisations, including variations in the professionals involved, pathways, and tools adopted. Care continuity is supported by institutionalized collaboration between hospital and community settings, but hindered by fragmented care processes and heterogeneous transition pathways. Late referral to PC is perceived as a major constraint to EOLC. Developing structured pathways for patient transition to end-stage PC is crucial, and practices/processes should be uniformly implemented to ensure equity. Multi-professional care should be facilitated through tailored supporting tools. Both hospital-unit and FU Directors suggest developing shared pathways between organisations/professionals (82% and 80% respectively) and digital information sharing (61% and 80% respectively). Hospital and community-based professionals have similar perceptions about the concerns and challenges to EOLC provision in the region, but community-based professionals are more sensitive to the importance of improving communication on PC to the public and early discussing EOLC with caregivers. This finding suggests the need of enhancing hospital personnel’s awareness about these issues. Professional training and the capacity to assess patients’ needs and preferences should be improved. The identified needs can inform future research and interventions to improve the quality and outcomes of EOLC for cancer patients.
Challenges in performing a structured follow-up in Swedish nursing home residents after stroke: a pilot feasibility study
Authors: Lindgren Ingrid , Rejnö Åsa , Netterheim Anna , Midlöv Patrik , Ervander Cecilia , Pessah-Rasmussen Hélène
Published: October 2024

Multidisciplinary team-based follow-ups are recommended for all stroke patients in Sweden including those discharged to nursing homes. We aimed to explore the feasibility of a structured follow-up with the Post Stroke Checklist (PSC) in nursing home residents, and to map stroke related problems and planned interventions. Due to a complex recruitment process and low recruitment rate, the study protocol was adapted to an explorative design. Nine health professionals and five nursing home residents participated. The health professionals were generally satisfied with the PSC. Many stroke related problems were identified, and several inexpensive ongoing or planned interventions were considered. However, several obstacles for performing a routine structured stroke follow-up were identified, such as lack of coordination between different stakeholders, fear of increased paperwork and lack of referral options for some of the suggested interventions, indicating that there is a need to build up a suitable organization able to take action for the identified problems. Various hinders performing the study itself were also identified. Difficulties in recruiting physically and mentally frail participants in studies might lead to an inadequate basis for decision-making, hindering people with extensive disabilities to receive scientifically based interventions.
Deathscape, materiality and memorialisation: Arandora Star remembrance in Scotland
Authors: Colpi Terri
Published: October 2024

This article progresses Second World War historiography of ‘enemy alien’ internment, especially of the SS Arandora Star, sunk in 1940 with a high loss of Italian civilian lives. Employing a new paradigm, that of the deathscape, defined as a topography of death and the practices that surround it, this investigation recontextualises Arandora Star remembrance in Scotland. Ambiguous loss, complicated grieving, disenfranchisements in mourning and absences in multiple layers of the deathscape form overarching themes that are explored in parallel to emotional-affective memory. The previously neglected study of individual memorialisation, both private and ‘official’, provides an important primary source in the fragmented materiality of the deathscape, allowing fresh insight on both cultural manifestations and political context. As the material and cultural apex of the deathscape, the Italian Cloister Garden and Arandora Star Memorial in Glasgow, created by Archbishop Mario Conti in 2011, are evaluated through the lenses of leadership, identity and heritage activism.
Raising the Arandora Star: history and afterlife of the Second World War sinking
Authors: Colpi Terri
Published: October 2024

Since the sinking of SS Arandora Star 84 years ago, the memory of this tragic wartime incident has been strongly held and developed within the British Italian community, moving through several phases, from oblivion to recognition and commemoration to a more recent growing awareness in a wider mnemonic community of interest. The aim of this special issue is threefold: to raise further the profile of the Arandora Star; to consolidate and secure the uncertain historical foundations of the event; and to advance the historiography by introducing new facts and perspectives and uncovering previously hidden or unknown aspects both of the past and the continuing afterlife. The six articles presented move logically through the history and stages of memory evolution and its manifestation – internment and deportation, the sinking itself, material, cultural and political aspects of the deathscape, oral histories, the multimedia ‘archive’, with finally, an embarkation listing to plug a serious knowledge gap.
The theological foundations of Muslim modernism and traditionalism in South Asia
Authors: Tareen SherAli
Published: October 2024

This article examines the theological and hermeneutical foundations and fault lines of Muslim modernism and traditionalism in South Asia. It does so through a close reading of a massively consequential but thus far unstudied debate on the normative sources and interpretive parameters of religion in colonial modernity between the scholars Sayyid Ahmad Khan (d. 1898) and Muhammad Qasim Nanautvi (d. 1877), founders of arguably the most prominent bastions of modernism and traditionalism in Muslim South Asia: the Aligarh Muslim University and the Deoband Madrasa, both established in the late nineteenth century.
Muslim feminism as Islamic modernism: Women’s activism in India between the Quran and the Constitution
Authors: Jones Justin
Published: October 2024

The last 15–20 years have seen the emergence of a new trajectory of ‘Muslim feminism’ in India which has grounded Muslim women’s rights discourse both in the direct interpretation of Islamic scriptures and also in principles derived from the Indian Constitution. Examining two prominent Muslim women’s organizations—the All India Muslim Women’s Personal Law Board and the Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan—this article examines how this form of Muslim feminism has become a central repository of Islamic modernist thought in India in light of its perceived failure in some other sections of Muslim public life. Based on writings and educational materials produced by these organizations, this article discusses their methods of harnessing the teachings of the Quran, their application of ‘Islamic feminist’ methodology to interpret Islamic family laws, their identification of equivalence between Islamic and constitutional values, and their attempts to engage the state in their efforts to promote the modernization of Muslim Personal Law.
Partial recovery and weak consistency in the non-uniform hypergraph stochastic block model
Authors: Dumitriu Ioana , Wang Hai-Xiao , Zhu Yizhe
Published: October 2024

We consider the community detection problem in sparse random hypergraphs under the non-uniform hypergraph stochastic block model (HSBM), a general model of random networks with community structure and higher-order interactions. When the random hypergraph has bounded expected degrees, we provide a spectral algorithm that outputs a partition with at least a $\gamma$ fraction of the vertices classified correctly, where $\gamma \in (0.5,1)$ depends on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the model. When the SNR grows slowly as the number of vertices goes to infinity, our algorithm achieves weak consistency, which improves the previous results in Ghoshdastidar and Dukkipati ((2017) Ann. Stat.45(1) 289–315.) for non-uniform HSBMs.

Our spectral algorithm consists of three major steps: (1) Hyperedge selection: select hyperedges of certain sizes to provide the maximal signal-to-noise ratio for the induced sub-hypergraph; (2) Spectral partition: construct a regularised adjacency matrix and obtain an approximate partition based on singular vectors; (3) Correction and merging: incorporate the hyperedge information from adjacency tensors to upgrade the error rate guarantee. The theoretical analysis of our algorithm relies on the concentration and regularisation of the adjacency matrix for sparse non-uniform random hypergraphs, which can be of independent interest.
Aberrant right subclavian artery intervention can provide relief of dysphagia
Authors: Medina Cathlyn K. , Kucera John A. , Aykut Berk , Prabhu Neel K. , Kang Lillian , Lim Hoe K. , Beckerman Ziv , Overbey Douglas M. , Turek Joseph W.
Published: October 2024

Background:

An aberrant right subclavian artery represents the most common aortic arch vascular anomaly. Conventional wisdom states that these anomalies do not result in dysphagia, but rather serve as “red herrings”. Clearly, in the vast majority of cases, this holds true. Nonetheless, one should never say never.

Methods:

Herein, we present a cohort of four children with debilitating dysphagia resulting from an aberrant right subclavian artery. Subclavian reimplantation via a right posterolateral thoracotomy was performed successfully in all cases.

Results:

Dysphagia resolved postoperatively, and all patients were able to advance to a normal diet. They were able to gain appropriate weight postoperatively and continue to do well at most recent clinical follow-up.

Conclusions:

This case series suggests that aberrant right subclavian artery anatomy should be considered a potential aetiology of dysphagia, albeit rarely. Surgical intervention for select patients can provide dramatic resolution of symptoms.
Reducing Counterproductive Work Behavior
Authors: Machek Ondřej , Machek Martin
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This study explores the effects of mental load and emotional load on counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Building on the conservation of resources theory and the challenge–hindrance stressor framework, we hypothesize that mental load enhances the effort and engagement of employees to accomplish goals and subsequently reduces organizational deviance (e. g., working time fraud), while emotional load, through resource depletion, weakens this relationship. We also suggest that by depleting emotional resources, emotional load could increase interpersonal deviance, with mental load exacerbating this effect due to synergistic effects. The results of a two-wave survey among 303 UK employees show that mental load reduces organizational deviance only when emotional load is low to moderate; when emotional load is high, mental load may even increase organizational deviance. The results also show that emotional load increases interpersonal deviance, irrespective of the level of mental load. The findings underscore the distinct nature of interpersonal and organizational deviance, challenges previous interpretations of the relationship between workplace stressors and CWB, and highlights the importance of considering the complex interplay between different types of stressors in predicting workplace outcomes.
Ultra-high brightness Micro-LEDs with wafer-scale uniform GaN-on-silicon epilayers
Authors: Wu Haifeng , Lin Xiao , Shuai Qin , Zhu Youliang , Fu Yi , Liao Xiaoqin , Wang Yazhou , Wang Yizhe , Cheng Chaowei , Liu Yong , Sun Lei , Luo Xinyi , Zhu Xiaoli , Wang Liancheng , Li Ziwei , Wang Xiao , Li Dong , Pan Anlian
Published: October 2024

Owing to high pixel density and brightness, gallium nitride (GaN) based micro-light-emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs) are considered revolutionary display technology and have important application prospects in the fields of micro-display and virtual display. However, Micro-LEDs with pixel sizes smaller than 10 μm still encounter technical challenges such as sidewall damage and limited light extraction efficiency, resulting in reduced luminous efficiency and severe brightness non-uniformity. Here, we reported high-brightness green Micro-displays with a 5 μm pixel utilizing high-quality GaN-on-Si epilayers. Four-inch wafer-scale uniform green GaN epilayer is first grown on silicon substrate, which possesses a low dislocation density of 5.25 × 108 cm−2, small wafer bowing of 16.7 μm, and high wavelength uniformity (standard deviation STDEV < 1 nm), scalable to 6-inch sizes. Based on the high-quality GaN epilayers, green Micro-LEDs with 5 μm pixel sizes are designed with vertical non-alignment bonding technology. An atomic sidewall passivation method combined with wet treatment successfully addressed the Micro-LED sidewall damages and steadily produced nano-scale surface textures on the pixel top, which unlocked the internal quantum efficiency of the high-quality green GaN-on-Si epi-wafer. Ultra-high brightness exceeding 107 cd/m2 (nits) is thus achieved in the green Micro-LEDs, marking the highest reported results. Furthermore, integration of Micro-LEDs with Si-based CMOS circuits enables the realization of green Micro-LED displays with resolution up to 1080 × 780, realizing high-definition playback of movies and images. This work lays the foundation for the mass production of high-brightness Micro-LED displays on large-size GaN-on-Si epi-wafers.
The clinical evolution of patients with idiopathic spinal cord herniation: a case series
Authors: Flageol Stéphanie , Carrondo-Cottin Sylvine , Turmel André , Côté Isabelle , Paquet Jérôme
Published: October 2024

Study design

Retrospective case series of 48 patients.

Objectives

This study’s primary objective was to provide a clinical description of a group of individuals with a working diagnosis of idiopathic spinal cord herniation (ISCH). The secondary objectives were to appreciate the natural history of these patients and describe their clinical evolution with conservative or surgical management.

Setting

The study was carried out at l’Hôpital de l’Enfant-Jésus, CHU de Québec (Québec, Canada), a tertiary care university hospital.

Methods

This case series study is based on routinely collected data. Forty-eight (48) cases were identified as having an ISCH on MR imaging, between 2009 and 2019. Their medical files have been searched retrospectively. Patient characteristics were described according to their asymptomatic or symptomatic status.

Results

The mean age of patients at the time of diagnosis was 52.5 years. Most of the patients identified were asymptomatic (69%) and followed clinically. The main neurologic presentation for the symptomatic group was Brown-Séquard-like syndrome. 20% of the symptomatic patients were rapidly treated surgically after consultation with the neurosurgeon. The mean follow-up duration was 56 months for asymptomatic patients and 51 months for symptomatic patients. Most of our patients (41 out of 45) were considered stable or unchanged at follow-up. There was no neurological progression in all asymptomatic patients.

Conclusions

Our study shows that ISCH and its variants are not always symptomatic and may be a fortuitous finding. As the natural history may be non-progressive, it is probably appropriate to treat some cases expectantly.
CircMETTL3-156aa reshapes the glycolytic metabolism of macrophages to promote M1 polarization and induce cytokine storms in sHLH
Authors: Xie Longlong , Deng Xiangying , Li Xiao , Li Xun , Wang Xiangyu , Yan Haipeng , Zhao Lin , Yang Dan , Luo Ting , Yang Yufan , Xiao Zhenghui , Lu Xiulan
Published: October 2024

Persistent macrophage activation and cytokine storms are critical causes for the rapid disease progression and high mortality rate of Secondary Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH). Identification of key regulatory factors that govern the activation of macrophages is vital. Plasma exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered important biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for various diseases, however, their function in sHLH is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that circMETTL3, derived from METTL3, is upregulated in sHLH patient plasma exosomes, which may plays an important role in the diagnosis of sHLH. Significantly, we also revealed that a novel peptide encoded by circMETTL3, METTL3-156aa, is an inducer of M1 macrophage polarization, which is responsible for the development of cytokine storms during sHLH. We then identified that METTL3-156aa binding with lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and promotes M1 macrophage polarization by enhancing macrophage glycolysis. Additionally, the glycolysis metabolite lactate upregulates the cleavage factor SRSF10 expression by lactylation. This results in increased splicing of the pre-METTL3 mRNA, leading to an enchance in the production of cirMETTL3. Therefore, our results suggest that the circMETTL3/METTL3-156aa/LDHA/Lactate/SRSF10 axis forms a positive feedback loop and may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of sHLH.
Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in a heterogenous cohort with Stargardt disease
Authors: Shah Mital , Downes Susan M. , Smithson Hannah E. , Young Laura K.
Published: October 2024

Image based cell-specific biomarkers will play an important role in monitoring treatment outcomes of novel therapies in patients with Stargardt (STGD1) disease and may provide information on the exact mechanism of retinal degeneration. This study reports retinal image features from conventional clinical imaging and from corresponding high-resolution imaging with a confocal adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) in a heterogenous cohort of patients with Stargardt (STGD1) disease. This is a prospective observational study in which 16 participants with clinically and molecularly confirmed STGD1, and 7 healthy controls underwent clinical assessment and confocal AOSLO imaging. Clinical assessment included short-wavelength and near-infrared fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and macular microperimetry. AOSLO images were acquired over a range of retinal eccentricities (0°–20°) and mapped to areas of interest from the clinical images. A regular photoreceptor mosaic was identified in areas of normal or near normal retinal structure on clinical images. Where clinical imaging indicated areas of retinal degeneration, the photoreceptor mosaic was disorganised and lacked unambiguous cones. Discrete hyper-reflective foci were identified in 9 participants with STGD1 within areas of retinal degeneration. A continuous RPE cell mosaic at the fovea was identified in one participant with an optical gap phenotype. The clinical heterogeneity observed in STGD1 is reflected in the findings on confocal AOSLO imaging.
Advances in the study of metal–organic frameworks and their biomolecule composites for osteoporosis therapeutic applications
Authors: Li Jiahui , Yin Shihai , Zhou Luyi , Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh Alireza , Pan Ying , Qiu Longhai , Liu Jianqiang , Zhou Zhikun
Published: October 2024

The research progress of MOF composites formed by different metal ions in the treatment of osteoporosis is reviewed and categorized by MOF types.
Experimental VLP vaccine displaying a furin antigen elicits production of autoantibodies and is well tolerated in mice
Authors: Lampinen Vili , Ojanen Markus J. T. , Caro Fernanda Muñoz , Gröhn Stina , Hankaniemi Minna M. , Pesu Marko , Hytönen Vesa P.
Published: October 2024

A nanoparticle-based vaccine against furin generated autoantibodies in mice.
Kinetics of the valorization of hexoses with Sn-USY catalysts in methanolic media: glycosidation vs. retroaldol cleavage
Authors: Jimenez-Martin J. M. , El Tawil-Lucas M. , García-Jerez C. , Moreno J. , García A. , Hernández B. , Iglesias J.
Published: October 2024

Two operational regions in the transformation of hexoses have been revealed by experimental and kinetic analysis: glycosidation and retroaldol cleavage at low and high temperatures, respectively.
Characterization of pitch carbon coating properties affecting the electrochemical behavior of silicon nanoparticle lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Huey Zoey , Schulze Maxwell C. , Carroll G. Michael , Engtrakul Chaiwat , Jiang Chun-Sheng , DeCaluwe Steven C. , Tremolet de Villers Bertrand J. , Han Sang-Don
Published: October 2024

700 °C is the optimal heat treatment temperature for pitch-coated silicon electrodes. Both the amorphous carbon/pitch and silicon are active materials but store Li+ ions through different ion storage mechanisms and contribute to overall performance.
Features of the technology for producing combed yarn from medium-fiber cotton
Authors: Matismailov S.L. , Matmuratova K.R. , Yuldashev A.T. , Khusanova N.A. , Korabayev Sherzod
Published: October 2024

The article examines the features of the technology of production of re-combed yarn from medium fiber cotton selection varieties. The experiments were carried out under production conditions on the Rieter E-66 combing machine. To determine the optimal technological parameters of the machine, a full factorial experiment was conducted to determine the unevenness of the 1-meter-long braid, the output of recombing tension, the staple length of the fibers in the strand, and regression equations were obtained. According to the results of the full-factor experiment, the improvement of the quality parameters of the recombing machine was achieved when the speed of the comb drum of the combing machine is 400 min-1, the distance between the lower jaw of the clamps and the comb segment is 0.2 mm, and the distance between the lower jaw of the clamps and the separating cylinder is 16.5 mm. According to the theoretical and experimental evaluations, using the optimal parameters of the high-speed combing machine, the cotton re-combed from the cotton fibers meeting all requirements was produced on the G-3 warped spinning machine of the Rieter company, with a drawing density of 14.8 tex (Ne 36). As a result of improving the physical and mechanical quality of spun yarn, the number of yarn breaks that damage 1000 yarns has decreased by 25%, and machine productivity has increased.
Macro and microelements in persimmon fruits of Uzbekistan
Authors: Normakhmatov Ruziboy , Tilavov Khaitmurod , Devletshayeva Elnara , Tashmanov Rakhmatullo
Published: October 2024

The study’s findings on the macro and microelement contents of three pomological persimmon fruit varieties—Hiyakume, Zenju-Maru, and Denaus sugar—grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan’s weather-climatic circumstances are presented in this article. The research demonstrated that Uzbekistan’s climate favors persimmon cultivation, which is distinguished by a high concentration of macro and microelements. Studies have established that the accumulation of macro and microelements by fruits is significantly influenced by the pomological variety of persimmon fruits and the weather and climatic conditions of cultivation. As a result, compared to persimmon fruits grown in Surkhandarya region’s Bandykhan Valley, those grown in Fergana Valley have about three times the magnesium concentration. The salt level of the several persimmon fruit kinds under study varied considerably from one another as well. For instance, Fergana Valley persimmon Hiyakume fruits had 6.30 mg/100 g of this element; Bandykhan Valley persimmons of the same type had 28.70 mg/100 g of this element. The fruits of the persimmon variety Zendji-Maru from Fergana Valley were the richest in iron macronutrient content among the studied varieties. For example, the iron content in fruits of Zendji-Maru variety was 10.64 µg/100 g, i.e., almost two times higher than the iron content in fruits of the same variety grown in Bandykhan zone of Surkhandarya region. However, an inverse dependence on manganese content was observed. Persimmon fruits grown in the weather and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan were also rich in iodine content, which is deficient for the region. Overall, it was shown that persimmon fruits may be effectively employed in preventative nutrition and are a good source of potassium, salt, calcium, and several trace elements, including copper, iron, zinc, manganese, and iodine.
Text processing using LLM for automatic creation of agricultural crops knowledge bases
Authors: Andreev Aleksandr , Kotsenko Anton , Varlamov Oleg , Kim Radmir , Goryachkin Boris
Published: October 2024

The complexity of subject areas in which intelligent information systems operate is steadily increasing. Tasks assigned to smart agriculture systems are increasingly focused on automating and robotizing areas of human activity. Solving such tasks requires adaptive and flexible methods capable of accommodating dynamic changes in the environment in real-time. The mivar approach to creating intelligent decision-making systems enables working with adaptive discrete structures and provides methods for managerial decision-making based on adaptive active logical inference from the mivar rule knowledge base. The mivar logical inference machine forms the core of expert systems based on the mivar approach. As a result of the development of the mivar approach across various subject areas, different versions of mivar logical inference machines with their algorithms for rule traversal in the knowledge base have been created. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning have opened new opportunities for enhancing the mivar approach. The integration of large language models for automating text processing in mivar systems significantly enhances the accuracy and efficiency of decision-making processes based on expert systems for sustainable agriculture. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using automated text processing, intended for human training, through large language models, and its subsequent application in action planning tasks within technical systems. The proposed methodology is aimed at creating extensive knowledge bases based on textual information for real-time monitoring and decision-making in smart agriculture systems.
Watermelon yield in both mulched and unmulched fields: The impact of drip irrigation on watermelon production
Authors: Zokirov Kurbonalijon , Sullieva Suluv , Abdullayev Dadaxon , Abdinazarova Xidoyatxon , Tojiyeva Feruza , Naurizbaev Alliyar , Qodirov Farrux
Published: October 2024

Four irrigation regimes were established, varying the amount of irrigation water applied: 60%, 65%, 70%, and 75% of the soil moisture. The fields were left without mulch or covered with white and black polyethylene films. Prior to irrigation, the soil moisture in this case ranged from 60% to 75% in the 0-20 cm soil layer during the “sowing -shatrik” phase and in the 0-40 cm soil layer during the “shatrik -bloom” period, according to the experimental alternatives. During the time of “bloom fruit formation,” the soil layer from 0 to 50 cm was maintained at levels of 70%, 75%, 80%, and 85%. Similarly, during the “fruit formation ripening” period, the soil layer from 0 to 50 cm was maintained at levels of 60%, 65%, 70%, and 75%. One of the study options was the use of drip irrigation, which maintained soil moisture levels at 70%, 80%, or 70% depending on the phenophases of the watermelon plant. This approach led to a significant increase in both the production and quality of the watermelon crop.
Development of a model for predicting soil moisture dynamics
Authors: Degtyareva Ksenia , Tynchenko Vadim , Kozlova Anastasia , Tkachenko Danil
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses the development of a model for predicting soil moisture dynamics based on remote sensing data and soil characteristics using neural networks. In the course of the study, preliminary data processing was carried out, including scaling of features and analysis of correlations between them. The constructed model showed high accuracy of predictions, which is confirmed by the values of the standard error (0.00849) and the coefficient of determination (0.854). The test results demonstrated the ability of the model to effectively reproduce the actual values of soil moisture, which makes it a useful tool for water management and planning of agrotechnical measures. In conclusion, possible ways to further improve the model and expand its application are discussed.
Use of decision trees for water quality assessment: Analysis of key parameters
Authors: Glinscaya Anna , Panfilov Ilia , Kukartsev Anatoliy , Suprun Elena , Boyko Andrey
Published: October 2024

The paper investigates the application of the decision tree method for analyzing and predicting water quality. The main objective of the study is to identify the key physical and chemical parameters that affect the potability of water. The Decisive Tree Method is used to create a model capable of classifying water as suitable or unsuitable for drinking. The results of the study showed that the decisive trees model achieved an accuracy of 62.03% and F1 Score of 0.5292. The most important parameters affecting the model predictions include sulfate content, pH and water hardness. The error matrix and feature importance plot provided valuable information to further improve the model and understand the effect of different parameters on water quality.
Development of a model for assessing water quality and its impact on agro-industry using the random forest method
Authors: Tynchenko Vadim , Kukartseva Svetlana , Glinscaya Anna , Kukartseva Oksana
Published: October 2024

This article considers the application of the random forest algorithm to build a model designed to assess water quality and analyze its impact on agro-industrial complex. The main objective of the study is to identify the key factors affecting water quality and their interaction with indicators important for agricultural production. The random forest algorithm was chosen for its ability to process large amounts of data and identify complex non-linear dependencies. The random forest model was trained on historical data and tested on new samples to assess its accuracy and reliability. The study analyzed various physical and chemical parameters of water such as pH, organic and inorganic content, mineralization and their impact on agro-industrial indicators including crop yield, soil health and crop health. The results showed that the random forest algorithm is able to effectively classify water quality and identify its impact on agro-industrial complex. Analyzing the importance of attributes allowed us to identify the key parameters that most strongly affect water quality and agricultural land health.
Intro in Ice properties and BIO-factor
Authors: Sharapov Dmitry
Published: October 2024

Microorganisms could play a significant role in shaping the properties of ice. This overview examines the existing knowledge on the influence of microorganisms on ice, focusing on glacial, polar, and marine ice systems. The interaction between microorganisms and ice mechanics is complex and multifaceted. Studies have shown that microbial activity, including biofilm formation, enzymatic processes, and ice nucleation, can impact ice strength and int interaction with structures. Microbial colonization has been found to weaken ice structures, alter ice permeability, and influence ice deformation behavior. Additionally, microbial communities associated with ice surfaces have been shown to enhance ice adhesion and frictional properties. Understanding the role of microorganisms in ice mechanics is crucial for comprehending the dynamics of frozen environments and their response to environmental changes. Further research in this field will contribute to improved predictions of ice behavior and its implications for climate, engineering, and environmental processes.
Design of ergonomic hospital clothing based on the morphological transformation principle
Authors: Akhmedova Z.M. , Shin I.G. , Tyurin I.N. , Tashpulatov S.Sh.
Published: October 2024

The article presents materials on the design of ergonomic hospital clothing for people with temporarily limited mobility based on the principle of morphological transformation. In addition to existing methods of designing hospital clothing, a new principle of “dismemberment-recovery” has been proposed, in which an item of clothing is dismembered into a separate zone and restored to its original shape using a temporary Velcro fastener after medical procedures.
Competition protection and social orientation in the pharmaceutical market: Regional aspects
Authors: Krutikov Valery , Yakunina Maria , Yakunina Vasilisa , Sharov Sergei
Published: October 2024

In the article the processes connected with the development of the domestic pharmaceutical market and the formation of biopharmaceutical and medical clusters, as well as the nuclear educational cluster in the Kaluga Oblast are studied. The results of the conducted scientific work allowed to formulate a number of features characterizing the modern pharmaceutical market: positive dynamics of development, state support of the competitive environment, reliance on innovative projection of digital technologies and the triple helix model, clearly expressed social function of providing the population with medicines. Proven long-term development prospects and effective results of the implementation of cluster policy, carried out within the framework of domestic and international trends, leading countries and companies of the world, integrating technological innovation (bioengineering, biotechnology, biomedicine). In recent years, the provisions of the Strategy for the Development of the Pharmaceutical Industry of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 have been actively implemented. Kaluga Oblast is purposefully improving its activities on the formation of modern cluster policy, the priority direction of which is the development of the cluster of innovative pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, bioengineering and biotechnology. The creative orientation of nuclear and radiological scientists in their scientific research was not limited to narrow specialization, but made a breakthrough in pharmacology, medicine and biology. And innovative knowledge is brought to the stage of commercialization, objectively giving a new projection to the conditions of formation of the pharmaceutical market, which acquires features of constructive competition, creating socially oriented mechanisms of cost management, which leads to lower prices of medicines.
Study of the antimicrobial activity of the drug "DB" when exposed to various test surfaces
Authors: Tarasova Evgenya , Khuzin Damir , Potekhina Ramziya , Mingaleev Danil , Yusupov Sultan , Bykova Polina , Lukina Guliya , Mukhammadiev Rinat , Mukhammadiev Rishat , Kalimullin Farit
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the results of a study of the antimicrobial activity of the drug «DB» when exposed to various test surfaces. Among the many reasons for the occurrence of mass lesions of the fingers and hooves of cattle, one of the main ones is the untimely provision of veterinary and zootechnical care to animals with limb injuries and the inadequate sanitary and hygienic condition of the floor coverings of premises, leading to rapid infection and illness of a large number of animals. The active and excipients of the developed medicinal product «DB» are inexpensive and widely available on the country’s market: bentonite, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, perlite, camphor oil and sodium benzenesulfochloramide. Material costs and time for organizing therapeutic and preventive measures using «DB» are minimal and are combined with the production process, which allows for the systematic prevention and treatment of finger diseases at the very beginning of the development of the pathological process, thereby significantly reducing the concentration of microorganisms in the wound area and floor coverings, effectively preventing the development of infection. Based on the results of laboratory studies, it was shown that «DB» has antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as fungicidal activity and, in the future, will help not only reduce the incidence of disease in livestock, but also significantly reduce the microbial load on the floor coverings of livestock buildings.
Psychosemantic analysis of environmental consciousness as a factor of sustainable society development
Authors: Drozhzhina Natalia , Tarasova Svetlana , Dukhina Tatiana , Taranova Evgenia
Published: October 2024

The study of psychosemantic aspects of the environmental consciousness of students is an extremely relevant topic in modern realities. This research provides understanding the ways the environmental consciousness of the young generation is formed and developing effective strategies for the education of responsible citizens with a high level of environmental culture, scientific knowledge of the natural environment, methods of environmental safety, capable of ensuring the sustainable development of our society. The purpose of this scientific work is to study the everyday ecological consciousness of students of Stavropol State Agrarian University. The method of experimental psychosemantics, semantic differential method, and the method of multivariate statistics factor analysis were used for the research. The basic constructs determining the students’ perception of the modern ecological reality in the natural environment were identified in the students’ everyday consciousness. The analysis of the results of the research of ecological consciousness of first- and fourth-year students is presented. It is shown that the first-year students perceive the ecological reality through the constructs “responsibility - irresponsibility” and “ecological centrality - anthropocentrism”, and the fourth-year students - through the constructs “ecological literacy”, “rational - irrational use of nature”. First year students perceive the image of an ecologically literate person, a carrier of eco-culture and a nature protector, a person leading an ecologically sustainable lifestyle and a modern student as ecologically responsible and ecologically centered. The novelty of this research lies in the application of psychosemantic method for studying the environmental consciousness of students of agrarian university.
Agrotourism as a way to develop rural areas of Rostov region, Russia
Authors: Kalinina Natalya , Degtyaryova Tatiana , Shitova Elena , Shcherbakova Nadezhda , Mikulina Marina
Published: October 2024

This paper examines one type of tourism: agrotourism (rural). This research will analyze the development of agrotourism and determine the prospects for its continued growth in the Rostov region, Russia. The authors use a range of scientific research methods, including the analysis of regulatory and legal documents, scientific, analytical, and other materials, as well as the method of systematic generalization and data analysis. These methods allow them to identify the specifics of agritourism, its role in the development of tourism and rural areas, the potential for agritourism in the Rostov region, and to determine the prospects for its development in the region. The research materials can be used for further agritourism research, tourism master planning, and the development of a compelling tourist offer and the attractiveness of rural areas in the Rostov region, Russia.
Carbon dioxide emission estimation in different zones of the south of Western Siberia
Authors: Bobrenko Igor , Kadermas Irina , Bobrenko Elena , Goman Natalia , Drofa Olga
Published: October 2024

The research was carried out in key areas of fallow land in three natural agricultural zones of the south of Western Siberia in the Omsk Oblast: steppe (Cherlaksky district, v. Preobrazhenka), forest-steppe (Kormilovsky district, v. Sosnovka), subtaiga (Tarsky district, Tara); in each zone there are three sites with fallow land of different ages: 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 years. When comparing the intensity of carbon dioxide emission from fallow lands depending on the conditions of natural and climatic zones, it can be noted that its highest value was in the subtaiga zone (average for April-September 39.4 CO2/m2 per day), which is higher than the emission in the forest-steppe zone (14.7) and steppe zone (16.6). The maximum intensity of fluxes was observed in the subtaiga zone in August, and in the forest-steppe and steppe zones in July. One of the main reasons for this pattern was the air and soil temperature: the higher it is, the more intensive is the release of carbon dioxide. The influence of the age of fallow land on the level of soil carbon dioxide emission is observed. Younger fallows are characterized by a higher value of CO2 emission compared to older ones, so in the subtaiga zone the average seasonal emission of fallows of 5-10 years is 1.51 times higher than fallows of 20-30 years, in the forest-steppe zone - 1.46 times, steppe zone - 1.48 times.
Geothermal monitoring as a tool for observing climate change
Authors: Frolov D.M. , Gagarin V.E. , Koshurnikov A.V. , Nikolaeva E.S.
Published: October 2024

The paper examines weather anomalies the first half of 2024 and presents climatic studies at the Lomonosov Moscow State University Meteorological Observatory as a model for the global network of geothermal monitoring systems of permafrost soils. Therefore, within the framework of the state budget topic on the study of the danger and risk of natural processes and phenomena, employees of the research laboratory of snow avalanches and mudflows of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University are working on the territory of meteorological observatory, including monitoring the spatial and temporal variability of snow cover, as well as the thermal state of soils.
Increasing the productivity of hydrolase producers by induced mutagenesis and their comparative characteristics
Authors: Mukhammadiev Rinat , Valiullin Lenar , Mukhammadiev Rishat , Saifullin Almaz , Tarasova Evgenya , Zaynullin Lenar , Sorokina Diana , Karimullina Ilsiyar , Nesterova Irina , Samsonov Andrey
Published: October 2024

In order to study the increase in productivity of natural hydrolase producers B. subtilis (producer of amylolytic and proteolytic enzymes) and T. harzianum (producer of xylolytic and cellulolytic enzymes), the efficiency of various approaches to non-directed induced mutagenesis was studied and their comparative characteristics were carried out. Using chemical and physical mutagenesis, new highly active producers of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes B. subtilis strain MB085-1457, B. subtilis strain MB085-2701, B. subtilis strain MB085-3689, T. harzianum strain MF091-962, T. harzianum strain MF091-2093 and T. harzianum strain MF091-3416 were obtained. Comparison of various methods of induced mutagenesis, namely methods of mutagenesis using nitrosoguanidine and nitrosomethylurea, UV and gamma irradiation showed that the greatest efficiency was achieved after mutagenesis using gamma rays. Various methods of induced mutagenesis can be used not only to create effective schemes for increasing the level of accumulation of target enzymes of producers, but also to obtain new drugs based on highly productive strains of microorganisms with hydrolase activity for the purpose of using them in resource-saving technologies for processing agricultural waste (into useful resources) and reducing the negative impact on the environment.
Optimal parameters for producing ferrosilicon from a mixture of diatomite and opoka
Authors: Mirkayev Nurseit , Shevko Viktor , Badikova Alexandra
Published: October 2024

In view of the limited reactivity of crystalline silica used in the production of ferrosilicon, it is necessary to search for silica-containing raw materials that have this property to a higher degree. The article presents the results of studies on the production of ferrosilicon from a mixture of amorphous silica-containing rocks – opoka and diatomite in a 1:1 ratio in the presence of coke and steel shavings. The studies have included the electric smelting of the charge in a single-electrode arc furnace and using the second-order rotatable designs of experiments (Box-Hunter plans) followed by graphical optimization. The research has established that FeSi25 (24.5-30% of Si), FeSi45 (41-47% of Si), and FeSi50 (47-51% of Si) grades of ferrosilicon can be smelted from a mixture of diatomite and opoka, depending on the amount of coke and steel shavings. The optimal parameters for producing FeSi25 ferrosilicon (with the extraction of 80-82.4% of silicon into the alloy) were 35.0-37.2% of coke and 33.75-35.0% of steel shavings. FeSi45 ferrosilicon (with extraction of 80-84.6% of silicon) was formed with 38.0-45.0% of coke and 29.2-33.2% of steel shavings. At 40.4-45.0% of coke and 29.2-31.1% of steel shavings, FeSi50 ferrosilicon was formed; the extraction of silicon into the resulting alloy was more than 80-81.5%. At the balance electric smelting of the diatomite and opoka mixture in the presence of 45% of coke and 30% of steel shavings, ferrosilicon of FeSi50 grade (51.8-52.6% of Si) was produced with the 82% silicon extraction degree.
The results of studying the contents of the uterus in endometritis of cows
Authors: Smolentsev Sergey , Ovchinnikova Olesya , Zabrodina Anastasia , Kutimskaya Violetta , Novoselova Alika , Stepanova Dariya , Fedorova Anna
Published: October 2024

The etiological factor in the occurrence of endometritis should be considered pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora that penetrates into the uterus if the rules of asepsis and antiseptics are not followed. Bacterial contamination of the uterine cavity occurs more often in cows after calving or artificial insemination. The presence of clinical endometritis depends on the balance between microbes, the body’s resistance and a number of other factors. To study the uterine contents in endometritis in cows, the samples of N.A. Flegmatov, V.S. were used. Dyudenko and Katerinova, as well as the species composition of microorganisms and their sensitivity to antibiotics were determined by the disco diffusion method. The results of the research showed that the microflora of the contents of the uterus is mainly represented by bacteria of the E. coli group, opportunistic microflora and pathogenic fungi more sensitive to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin.
Improvement of quality indices of leather fabrics of fur skins
Authors: Bahadirov Gayrat , Nabiev Ayder , Tsoy Gerasim
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to research on improving the quality indices and elastic-plastic properties of leather fabric of fur skins. An improved method and operative parts were developed that help ensure high elastic-plastic properties of leather fabrics of fur skins after mechanical processing. The design and geometric parameters of the operative parts of the improved design were studied and analyzed. It was determined that when using the recommended operative parts, the required quality of leather fabrics of fur skins is achieved by increasing the contact points between the operative parts and the processed material.