bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Five years with vocational teacher education online
Authors: Oudmayer Runar , Karstensen Steinar
Published: July 2020

After running online Technical and Vocational Teacher Education (TVTE) classes for five years we have collated our experiences and thematically probed them through the following questions: (1) What are the pedagogical and didactic considerations with online TVTE (2) What are the technical challenges? (3) What opportunities and limitations have emerged? (4) How do the teachers and students experience online teaching? (5) How do teachers compare online teaching with on-campus teaching? Our experiences where accumulated through the TVTE in the Technological Programme (TP) at Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), and are based on both teacher and student responses, learning logs, evaluations, and anonymised student data.

In short, online study has helped us to achieve a larger geographical spread of students. The students experience online study as flexible, as they do not have to meet on campus every week. The technology has worked and allows for further development of the subjects being offered. It appears to be an equal opportunity offered compared to the campus-based with greater flexibility according to where the student is located. The workload also appears to be manageable for teachers who are engaged in the online class environment.
Moralisk exkludering - om tiggare i medier i Norr- och Västerbotten
Authors: Nilsson Bo
Published: July 2020

Morality and exclusion – media representations of beggars in the north of SwedenMany public poor from Romania and Bulgaria arrived in the northern parts of Sweden in 2013 and especially in 2014, and a majority of them supported themselves by begging. The media described this new phenomenon in various ways, for example by reporting on how people (Swedes) were outraged because of all the beggars in public spaces. Others, however, described it as if the north of Sweden (finally) had become a part of the rest of the world. This paper discusses how newspapers in Norrbotten and Västerbotten (two large provinces in the north of Sweden) reported on beggars in 2013 and 2014. The overall aim is to qualitatively describe and analyse how the media reported on the beggars, and to discuss the media representations in terms of social inclusion and social exclusion as well as the meanings of morality. This means that the paper examines how journalists and other writers position beggars in relation to a majority population. The aim is also to investigate how journalists and other writers position themselves as moral subjects when they report on this vulnerable group of people. The study identifies four overarching discourses of beggars, and all of these are characterized by social exclusion of beggars even though the writers show inclusive ambitions on moral grounds. One reason for this is found in a subject-object logic that represents an organizing meaning-making principle in all discourses and that results in a categorization of people into “us” versus “them”, with the beggars representing the latter.
Anmälningsbenägenhet vid utsatthet för hatbrott
Authors: Andersson Mika , Mellgren Caroline
Published: July 2020

The tendency to report hate crime victimizationThere are indicators suggesting that the tendency to report hate crime victimization to the police is lower in comparison to crimes without such a motive. There are also reasons to believe that victims of hate crime base their cost-benefit analysis of whether to report on a unique set of factors that differ from other crime types. The present study compares report rates for hate crimes and crimes without a bias-motive among Swedish university students. Reasons from refraining from reporting are also examined though a thematic analysis. The results show that victims of hate crime report their victimization to a significantly lower extent than other victims. Those who refrain from reporting trivialize and normalize their experiences, find alternative solutions to handle their victimization, and/or have a low trust in the police
PENGARUH KONSELING TENTANG AIR SUSU IBU EKSKLUSIF TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER KE III DI PUSKESMAS BIROMARU
Authors: Niluh Nita Silfia  , Henrietta Imelda Tondong  , Sulis Setiyawati
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling tentang ASI Eksklusif terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil trimester ke III di Puskesmas Biromaru. Desain penelitian ini adalah pra experiment one group pretest and posttest design. Populasi adalah semua ibu hamil di Puskesmas Biromaru. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 43 orang dipilih menggunakan teknik Simpel random sampling. Kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan responden meningkat setelah diberikan konseling sebanyak 10 orang (23,2%). Hasil uji-t berpasangan diperoleh nilai Mean Rank -3,163 dan nilai p=0,000 (p≤0,05). Setelah diberikan konseling terjadi perubahan sikap responden sebanyak 12 orang (27,9%). Hasil uji-t berpasangan  diperoleh nilai Mean Rank  -2,880 dan nilai p=0,000 (p≤0,05). Kesimpulan ada pengaruh konseling tentang ASI Eksklusif terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil trimester ke III di Puskesmas Biromaru. Saran bagi Puskesmas Biromaru diharapkan bagi membuat jadwal konseling tentang ASI dan mengembangkan metode konseling sehingga ibu dapat lebih termotivasi untuk menyusui bayinya dengan baik.
Hubungan Konsep Diri Dengan Perilaku Merokok Pada Siswa Di SMP Negeri Satu Atap Toyado
Authors: Agusrianto  , Nirva Rantesigi
Published: July 2020

Perilaku merokok merupakan fungsi dari lingkungan dan individu. Artinya, perilaku merokok selain disebabkan faktor-faktor dari lingkungan, juga disebabkan faktor dari dalam diri individu. Perilaku merokok pada remaja diduga terkait dengan karakter psikologis tertentu yang dimiliki yaitu konsep diri mereka sebagai remaja. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsep diri dengan perilaku merokok di siswa. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional study. Penelitian di SMP Negeri 1 Atap Toyado pada bulan Juni-Juli  2017. Sampel dengan teknik Simpel random sampling berjumlah 92 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukksn 64,7% responden dengan konsep diri tinggi dan berperilaku merokok, dan 35,3% dan responden dengan konsep diri sedang dan berperilaku merokok. Hasil uji statistik dengan uji chi-square diperoleh nilai p=1,000 (p>0,05) tidak ada hubungan antara konsep diri dengan perilaku merokok siswa. Disarankan agar siswa lebih memperkuat wadah  atau organisasi ekstrakurikuler yang terkait upaya pencegahan terhadap bahaya perilaku perilaku merokok agar para siswa tidak melalukan perilaku merokok
PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI NAFAS DALAM TERHADAP INTENSITAS NYERI IBU BERSALIN KALA I FASE LATEN DI PRAKTIK BIDAN MANDIRI ANATAPURA
Authors: Taqwin
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik relaksasi nafas dalam terhadap intensitas nyeri ibu bersalin kala I fase laten di Praktik Bidan Mandiri Anatapura. Metode pre-eksperimental pretest-posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu bersalin kala I fase laten di Praktik Bidan Mandiri Anatapura. Teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Besar sampel sebanyak 15 responden. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 15 responden, sebelum dilakukan teknik relaksasi nafas dalam terdapat 11 orang (73,3%) yang mempunyai nyeri sedang dan 4 orang (26,7%) yang mempunyai nyeri berat dan sesudah dilakukan teknik relaksasi nafas dalam terdapat nyeri ringan 12 orang (80%) dan nyeri sedang 3 orang (20%). Hasil uji wilcoxon nilai p 0,000 (P<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ada pengaruh teknik relaksasi nafas dalam terhadap intensitas nyeri ibu bersalin kala I fase laten di Praktik Bidan Mandiri Anatapura. Diharapkan bagi bidan di PBM Anatapura berperan aktif dalam memberikan penggunaan metode relaksasi nafas dalam saat persalinan guna menurunkan tingkat nyeri persalinan sehingga dapat meningkatkan pelayanan terhadap pasien
EFEKTIFITAS KOMBINASI PERAWATAN PAYUDARA DAN PIJAT OKSITOSIN TERHADAP PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST PARTUM DI BPM SETIA
Authors: Muliani  , Gusman  , Tasya Nurlaila Dilla
Published: July 2020

Prevalensi pemberian ASI eksklusif terhitung rendah. Pada tahun 2016, cakupan ASI eksklusif Puskesmas Kamonji yaitu 57,89% di Kota Palu. Metode yang digunakan untuk melancarkan produksi ASI yaitu kombinasi perawatan payudara dan pijat oksitosin. Hal ini dikarenakan metode tersebut berfungsi membantu merangsang hormon prolaktin dan oksitosin serta mencegah tersumbatnya saluran susu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya efektifitas kombinasi perawatan payudara dan pijat oksitosin terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu postpartum di BPM Setia wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kamonji. Jenis penelitian quasi experimental, dengan posttest-only control design. Digunakan rumus replikasi untuk pemilihan subjek dengan total subjek sebanyak 32 orang, menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Pemberian intervensi dilakukan sejak hari pertama hingga hari ketiga postpartum kemudian dilakukan observasi. Uji normalitas data menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk, analisis data menggunakan uji independent t-test. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai significancy sebesar 0,004 dengan jumlah rerata kelompok kombinasi adalah 4,49 cc dan kelompok kontrol adalah 3,23 cc. Perbedaan rerata antara kedua kelompok adalah 1,26 cc. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kombinasi perawatan payudara dan pijat oksitosin efektif terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu postpartum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disarankan untuk mengembangkan pelayanan dengan memberikan intervensi kombinasi pada ibu postpartum untuk membantu meningkatkan ASI
La psicoterapia en su laberinto
Authors: Fernández Álvarez Héctor
Published: July 2020

El artículo aborda el campo actual de la psicoterapia, sus fortalezas y sus debilidades. Lo hace a través de dos ejes: un recorrido histórico que permite observar el modo en que se fueron desagregando los componentes de la disciplina y un análisis de las circunstancias que favorecen y que amenazan su desarrollo. Las fortalezas se asocian con la eficiencia demostrada y la enorme versatilidad teórico-técnica. La amenaza se enfoca sobre los procedimientos pseudo-científicos y el exceso del consumo de los psicofármacos. El reconocimiento social y la diseminación que logró en algo más de 100 años, terminó generando un territorio sumamente fragmentado, en torno a 4 grandes enfoques teórico y varios centenares de abordajes terapéuticos. Esta fragmentación es una fuente de confusión y el mayor obstáculo para su desarrollo. La integración es el camino más razonable y necesario a recorrer para superar sus limitaciones. Se describen diversas situaciones que ilustran principios de integración ya conquistados y se exponen las tres guías fundamentales a seguir para su consolidación.
El psicoterapeuta en el proceso terapéutico
Authors: Corbella Sergi
Published: July 2020

El psicoterapeuta es uno de los protagonistas del proceso terapéutico. Son muchos los esfuerzos dirigidos a estudiar los factores que influyen en el establecimiento de una buena relación entre psicoterapeuta y paciente que permita lograr un buen resultado psicoterapéutico. En el artículo se profundiza en las características, habilidades y acciones del psicoterapeuta en el contexto de la relación de ayuda del proceso psicoterapéutico. Se plantean algunos principios y retos para contribuir y promover la mejora continua en nuestra práctica profesional como psicoterapeutas.
Glycerol Monolaurate Enhances Reproductive Performance, Egg Quality and Albumen Amino Acids Composition in Aged Hens with Gut Microbiota Alternation
Authors: Liu Tao , Li Chuang , Li Yang , Feng Fengqin
Published: July 2020

As it is known to all that the laying rate of commercial laying hens is significantly decreased during the late laying period, paralleled with increased feed conversion rate (FCR) and declined egg quality. However, recent studies demonstrate that reproductive performance as well as egg quality in aged hens can be largely improved by feed supplements. Among them, glycerol monolaurate (GML), a monoglyceride of medium chain fatty acids, is regarded as a promising supplement in poultry production. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of dietary GML on laying performance, serum biochemical indices, egg quality and gut microbiota in hens during 40–64 weeks of age. A total of 378 (40-week-old) Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly assigned into three treatments (21 hens/replicate and 6 replicates/treatment). The control group received a basal diet, and the treated groups fed basal diets containing 150 and 300 mg/kg GML. The results revealed that laying rate (p < 0.05) was significantly increased and the FCR (p < 0.05) was reduced in GML-containing groups compared with the control group. The egg quality (including eggshell thickness and strength) was notably improved by GML supplementation at the later late laying period, and the content of total amino acids and flavor amino acids in the albumen were also increased. Inclusion of 300 mg/kg GML in diet increased the levels of laying-related sex hormones (serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and estradiol, p < 0.05), serum calcium and lipid (total serum cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, p < 0.05). Moreover, the community and microbial function of gut microbiota were notably altered by GML supplementation. These findings revealed that dietary GML improved the reproductive performance and egg quality mainly by stimulating the sex hormones secretion, serum calcium metabolism and nutrients utilization, which provided us a new approach to simultaneously promote the egg production and improve the egg quality at aged hens.
Effects of Hybrid and Grain Maturity Stage on the Ruminal Degradation and the Nutritive Value of Maize Forage for Silage
Authors: Horst Egon Henrique , López Secundino , Neumann Mikael , Giráldez Francisco Javier , Bumbieris Junior Valter Harry
Published: July 2020

The study aimed to examine the effects of harvesting three maize hybrids at different maturity stages on the ruminal fermentation kinetics, fermentation end-products (volatile fatty acid, ammonia and methane) output, and digestibility of maize plant fractions, as well as the degradability of the resulting silage. Three hybrids were compared (Maximus VIP3, Defender VIP and Feroz VIP) harvested at three grain maturity stages (milk (R3), dough (R4) and dent (R5) grain), while silage samples were collected only at the dent grain stage (R5). Grain digestibility tended to decrease as the maturity stage progressed (p < 0.05), while the whole-plant digestibility increased with increasing maturity for the three evaluated hybrids (p < 0.05). The gas production of whole-plant at 24 h of incubation was higher for the Maximus hybrid than for the others (p < 0.05), with average values of 188, 196 and 207 mL g−1 dry matter at stages R3, R4 and R5, respectively. For the in situ ruminal degradation kinetics of silage, instantly degradable dry matter and fiber potential degradability were greater with Maximus maize forage than with the other two hybrids. From the perspective of in vitro results, the Maximus VIP3 hybrid seems to be the most suitable for silage production when harvested between the dough and the dent grain stage of maturity.
Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity of Rare Substituted 1,2,3-Thiaselenazoles and Corresponding Matched Pair 1,2,3-Dithiazoles
Authors: Laitinen Tuomo , Baranovsky Ilia V. , Konstantinova Lidia S. , Poso Antti , Rakitin Oleg A. , Asquith Christopher R. M.
Published: July 2020

We report our investigations into the underlying differences between 1,2,3-dithiazole and their ultra-rare counterpart, 1,2,3-thiaselenazole. This rare 1,2,3-thiaselenazole chemotype was afforded by sulfur extrusion and selenium insertion into the preconstructed 1,2,3-dithiazoles. We built a library of matched paired compounds to compare and contrast the two ring systems. This led to the development of both narrow and broad-spectrum antimicrobial compounds with sub-micro molar potency, limited to no toxicity and a further understanding of the transition state electronics through molecular simulations. We also identified the potent 4,5,6-trichlorocyclopenta[d][1,2,3]thiaselenazole 11a, for use against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii, all of which have limited clinical treatment options. The 1,2,3-thiaselenazole represents a new class of potential compounds for the treatment of a host of multi-resistant hospital derived infections.
Post-Disaster Recovery Monitoring with Google Earth Engine
Authors: Ghaffarian Saman , Rezaie Farhadabad Ali , Kerle Norman
Published: July 2020

Post-disaster recovery is a complex process in terms of measuring its progress after a disaster and understanding its components and influencing factors. During this process, disaster planners and governments need reliable information to make decisions towards building the affected region back to normal (pre-disaster), or even improved, conditions. Hence, it is essential to use methods to understand the dynamics/variables of the post-disaster recovery process, and rapid and cost-effective data and tools to monitor the process. Google Earth Engine (GEE) provides free access to vast amounts of remote sensing (RS) data and a powerful computing environment in a cloud platform, making it an attractive tool to analyze earth surface data. In this study we assessed the suitability of GEE to analyze and track recovery. To do so, we employed GEE to assess the recovery process over a three-year period after Typhoon Haiyan, which struck Leyte island, in the Philippines, in 2013. We developed an approach to (i) generate cloud and shadow-free image composites from Landsat 7 and 8 satellite imagery and produce land cover classification data using the Random Forest method, and (ii) generate damage and recovery maps based on post-classification change analysis. The method produced land cover maps with accuracies >88%. We used the model to produce damage and three time-step recovery maps for 62 municipalities on Leyte island. The results showed that most of the municipalities had recovered after three years in terms of returning to the pre-disaster situation based on the selected land cover change analysis. However, more analysis (e.g., functional assessment) based on detailed data (e.g., land use maps) is needed to evaluate the more complex and subtle socio-economic aspects of the recovery. The study showed that GEE has good potential for monitoring the recovery process for extensive regions. However, the most important limitation is the lack of very-high-resolution RS data that are critical to assess the process in detail, in particular in complex urban environments.
Incremental Conductance Based Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Global Maximum Power Tracking of Solar-PV under Nonuniform Operating Conditions
Authors: Singh Chawda Gajendra , Prakash Mahela Om , Gupta Neeraj , Khosravy Mahdi , Senjyu Tomonobu
Published: July 2020

In practical operating conditions, the Solar-Photo Voltaic (SPV) system experiences multifarious irradiation and temperature levels, which generate power with multiple peaks. This is considered as the nonuniform operating condition (NUOC). This requires accurate tracking of global power peaks to achieve maximum power from SPV, which is a challenging task. Hence, this paper presents an incremental Conductance based Particle Swarm Optimization (ICPSO) algorithm for accurate tracking of maximum global power from active power multiple peaks generated by the SPV. The proposed algorithm continuously adjusts the individual particle’s weight component, which depends on its distance from the global best position during the tracking process. The proposed algorithm has the merit of continuous adjustment of weight components which reduces active power oscillations at the optimal global position area. Proposed ICPSO algorithm has been successfully designed and implemented for Solar-photo voltaic (PV) under nonuniform operating condition. It is established that the proposed algorithm enhances the output power of the Solar-PV up to 7% with the maximum power tracking of 0.1 s compared to other maximum power point tracking algorithms.
Deep Neural Networks for Dental Implant System Classification
Authors: Sukegawa Shintaro , Yoshii Kazumasa , Hara Takeshi , Yamashita Katsusuke , Nakano Keisuke , Yamamoto Norio , Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Furuki Yoshihiko
Published: July 2020

In this study, we used panoramic X-ray images to classify and clarify the accuracy of different dental implant brands via deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with transfer-learning strategies. For objective labeling, 8859 implant images of 11 implant systems were used from digital panoramic radiographs obtained from patients who underwent dental implant treatment at Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Japan, between 2005 and 2019. Five deep CNN models (specifically, a basic CNN with three convolutional layers, VGG16 and VGG19 transfer-learning models, and finely tuned VGG16 and VGG19) were evaluated for implant classification. Among the five models, the finely tuned VGG16 model exhibited the highest implant classification performance. The finely tuned VGG19 was second best, followed by the normal transfer-learning VGG16. We confirmed that the finely tuned VGG16 and VGG19 CNNs could accurately classify dental implant systems from 11 types of panoramic X-ray images.
Pedagogical Coordination in Secondary Schools from a Distributed Perspective. Adaptation of the Distributed Leadership Inventory (DLI) in the Spanish Context
Authors: García-Martínez Inmaculada , Tadeu Pedro J. Arrifano , Ubago-Jiménez José Luis , Brigas Carlos
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Leadership as the second factor in school improvement needs potential leaders to be effective. Method: The present study aimed to know the potential capacity of leaders in Spanish secondary schools through the adaptation of the DLI questionnaire to Spanish. To accurately adapt this questionnaire, the present research group conducted content validity processes in 2017, using the Delphi Method, in which eight experts from the Spanish Network for Research into Leadership and Academic Improvement were invited to participate (RILME). As part of a pilot test, preliminary tools were administered to 547 participants from secondary schools in Granada and Jaén (Spain). Results: The present study reports on the adaptation of the DLI instrument within the Spanish context. Acceptably high values were obtained in the analysis of reliability and internal consistency, suggesting that this item can be reliably utilised for the exploration of the dynamics of internal functioning in secondary education and the evaluation of the distribution of leadership characteristics. Conclusions: The pilot study highlights how heads of studies and department heads are potential leaders, making it easier to set up and sustain educational projects in schools.
The Determinants of the U.S. Consumer Sentiment: Linear and Nonlinear Models
Authors: El Alaoui Marwane , Bouri Elie , Azoury Nehme
Published: July 2020

We examined the determinants of the U.S. consumer sentiment by applying linear and nonlinear models. The data are monthly from 2009 to 2019, covering a large set of financial and nonfinancial variables related to the stock market, personal income, confidence, education, environment, sustainability, and innovation freedom. We show that more than 8.3% of the total of eigenvalues deviate from the Random Matrix Theory (RMT) and might contain pertinent information. Results from linear models show that variables related to the stock market, confidence, personal income, and unemployment explain the U.S. consumer sentiment. To capture nonlinearity, we applied the switching regime model and showed a switch towards a more positive sentiment regarding energy efficiency, unemployment rate, student loan, sustainability, and business confidence. We additionally applied the Gradient Descent Algorithm to compare the errors obtained in linear and nonlinear models, and the results imply a better model with a high predictive power.
Percutaneous Electrolysis in the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylalgia: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rodríguez-Huguet Manuel , Góngora-Rodríguez Jorge , Lomas-Vega Rafael , Martín-Valero Rocío , Díaz-Fernández Ángeles , Obrero-Gaitán Esteban , Ibáñez-Vera Alfonso Javier , Rodríguez-Almagro Daniel
Published: July 2020

Few studies have considered the effects of percutaneous electrolysis (PE) in the treatment of lateral epicondylalgia (LE). For this reason, the objective of this study was to compare the effects of PE with an evidence-based approach—trigger point dry needling (TDN)—in patients with LE. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in which 32 participants with LE were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, the PE group (n = 16) and the TDN group (n = 16). Both groups received four therapy sessions and an eccentric exercise program to be performed daily. The numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), pressure pain thresholds (PPT), quality of life, and range of motion were measured before treatment, at the end of treatment, and at one- and three-month follow-ups. Significant between-group mean differences were found after treatment for NPRS (p < 0.001) and flexion movement (p = 0.006). At one-month follow-up, significant mean differences between groups were found for NPRS (p < 0.001), PPT (p = 0.021), and flexion (p = 0.036). At three-months follow-up, significant mean differences between groups were found for NPRS (p < 0.001), PPT (p = 0.004), and flexion (p = 0.003). This study provides evidence that PE could be more effective than TDN for short- and medium-term improvement of pain and PPTs in LE when added to an eccentric exercise program.
Obesity and Prostate Cancer: The Tip of a High Mountain Still to Be Conquered
Authors: Nunzio Cosimo De , Ficarra Vincenzo , Tubaro Andrea , Novara Giacomo
Published: July 2020

The narrative review of Fujita K et al [...]
The Migration Pattern of a Cementless Hydroxyapatite-Coated Titanium Stem under Immediate Full Weight-Bearing—A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Model-Based RSA
Authors: Reiner Tobias , Sonntag Robert , Kretzer Jan Philippe , Clarius Michael , Jakubowitz Eike , Weiss Stefan , Ewerbeck Volker , Merle Christian , Moradi Babak , Kinkel Stefan , Gotterbarm Tobias , Hagmann Sébastien
Published: July 2020

(1) Background: High primary stability is important for the long-term survival of cementless femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty (THA). The objective of this study was to investigate the migration pattern of a hydroxyapatite-coated cementless hip stem developed for minimally invasive surgery using model-based radiostereometric analysis (RSA). (2) Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 44 patients with an indication for cementless primary THA were randomly allocated to receive either the SL-PLUS MIA stem, developed for minimally invasive surgery, or the SL-PLUS stem (Smith & Nephew Orthopaedics, Baar, Switzerland) which served as a control group. Unlimited weight-bearing was permitted postoperatively in both groups. Model-based RSA was performed after six weeks and after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. (3) Results: Mean total stem subsidence at two-year follow-up was 0.40 mm (SD 0.66 mm) in the SL-PLUS group and 1.08 mm (SD 0.93 mm) in the SL-PLUS MIA group (p = 0.030). Stem subsidence occurred during the first six weeks after surgery, indicating initial settling of the stem under full weight-bearing. Both stem designs showed good osseointegration and high secondary stability with no further migration after initial settling. (4) Conclusions: Settling of a cementless straight femoral stem occurs during the first six weeks after surgery under full weight-bearing. Although initial stem migration was higher in the SL-PLUS MIA group, it had no influence on secondary stability. All implants showed good osseointegration and high secondary stability with no signs of implant loosening during this two-year follow-up period.
Enclaves of Isolation and Neglect in Rural Areas. Evidence from North-Eastern Poland
Authors: Źróbek-Różańska Alina
Published: July 2020

This article focuses on the specificity of present enclave structures in rural areas that were created decades ago as a result of decisions to establish housing estates for employees, and which acquired negative features as a result of the liquidation of the monopolistic employer. An attempt has been made to answer if workers' housing complexes can turn into permanent enclaves of isolation and neglect after the liquidation of a monopolistic workplace, especially if they are located in rural areas? The aim of the paper is to picture the process of social exclusion emergence in the rural areas, which results from the still unresolved socio-economic problem of the existence of such enclaves of isolation and neglect in Polish rural areas in the 21st century. Despite almost 30 years passing, the areas with spatially and socially isolated settlements have very high unemployment rates, a low level of technical and social infrastructure and a widespread sense of injustice among the people who live there. The empirical basis for the analysis was four cases. The presented stories took place against the historical background of the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodship and the socio-economic background. Studies were conducted in the selected villages with a free-form interview and photographic documentation was prepared. In the result, a close picture of the enclaves was drawn. The examples presented in this article proved that workers' settlements, located around large economic entities distant from existing settlement networks can develop into enclaves of isolation and neglect.
Diversity of the Seedborne Fungi and Pathogenicity of Fusarium Species Associated with Intercropped Soybean
Authors: Chang Xiaoli , Li Hongju , Naeem Muhammd , Wu Xiaoling , Yong Taiwen , Song Chun , Liu Taiguo , Chen Wanquan , Yang Wenyu
Published: July 2020

Maize/soybean relay strip intercropping has been widely practiced in Southwest China due to its high productivity and effective application of agricultural resources; however, several seedborne diseases such as seedling blight, pod and seed decay are frequently observed causing severe yield loss and low seed quality. So far, the population and pathogenicity of the seedborne fungi associated with intercropped soybean remain unexplored. In this study, seeds of 12 soybean cultivars screened for intercropping were collected from three growing regions in Sichuan Province of Southwest China, and the seedborne fungi were isolated from the surface-sterilized seeds. Based on sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS), 148 isolates were identified into 13 fungal genera, among which Fusarium covered 55.0% as the biggest population followed by Colletotrichum. Furthermore, Fusarium isolates were classified into five distinct species comprising F. fujikuroi, F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, F. asiaticum and F. incarnatum through sequence analysis of translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1α) and DNA-directed RNA ploymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2). Among them, F. fujikuroi accounted for 51.22% (42/82) and was isolated from 91.7% (11/12) soybean varieties. Pathogenicity assay showed that five Fusarium species were able to infect the seeds of soybean cultivar “Nandou12” and caused water-soaked or rot symptoms, while F. fujikuroi and F. asiaticum had much higher aggressiveness than other species with significant reductions of seed fresh weight and germination percentage. Accordingly, this study indicates that Fusarium species are the dominant seedborne fungi in the intercropped soybean in Sichuan, China, and this provides some useful references for the effective management of seedborne fungal diseases as well as soybean resistance breeding in maize/soybean relay strip intercropping.
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection of stage 4 (severely symptomatic stage) in the practice of a health professional
Authors: Nikitina A. , Rusanova A. , Zhilenkova A.
Published: July 2020

HIV infection is a significant problem in the modern world, because there are more and more infected people every year. This article will consider: the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of this disease in different countries. Based on these data, the following conclusions will be made to help doctors in their future practice correctly approach the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this disease.
Role of methionine in the correction of oxidative stress with increased physical exertion
Authors: Khisamova A. , Gizinger O.
Published: July 2020

Methionine is an indispensable sulfur-containing amino acid that is involved in processes unique to the body: initiation of protein synthesis; methylation process, an adenosine residue is attached to methionine and S-adenosylmethionine is formed; as a result of metabolic reactions, this methyl group is transferred to a number of substrates. In this case, adrenaline, melatonin, creatine, and other amino acids are formed. This article contains a literature review of articles that prove the antioxidant properties of methionine on the cell and the body as a whole. A large amount of literature and databases, such as Pubmed, Google.Scholar, Embase, have been worked out to search for information.
Statistical methods in medicine: non-parametric criteria of analysis
Authors: Krylov A.
Published: July 2020

Biomedical research on the basis of medical institutions with the appropriate accreditation for this type of activity is gaining momentum from year to year. To plan research work, the doctor must know the basics of statistical research methods in order to correctly form groups of patients and control, periods, analysis of the results.
Treatment outcomes of using paraosseous clamp and cerclage stabilisation technique in long bone fractures of cats: a retrospective study
Authors: ŞEN İlker , SAĞLAM Mehmet
Published: July 2020

The stabilisation technique of paraosseous clamp and cerclage has become one of the most widely used current techniques because of the easy of applicability and low cost. It is a relatively new method providing rigid fixation in the treatment of fractures, especially those which do not have sufficient cortex resistance and have a wide medullar canal in the period when the long bones of the extremity have not completed development. The technique is based on binding 3 double cerclage wires to each other to form a paracortical belt. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of fractures in the extremity long bones of cats treated with the new stabilisation method of paraosseous clamp and cerclage. The study group was formed of 14 cats of various breeds and ages, of both genders, diagnosed with a fracture of the extremity long bone. Clinical and radiographical follow-up examinations were made at 10, 30, and 45 days postoperatively. Clinical healing was achieved in 13 cases on postoperative day 45, and those cases could use the affected extremity. A correlation was determined between the functional healing results and low complication rates, including unstable fractures, and it is supported that this technique could be use of this technique in the treatment of long bone fractures. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that the paraosseous clamp and cerclage stabilisation technique can be used as an alternative method in the treatment of long bone fractures, especially in indicated cases.
FEATURES, INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF ARCHITECTURAL CLUSTERS IN ESPECIALLY VALUABLE RESERVES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF LAKE SKADAR IN MONTENEGRO)
Authors: Herbez V.
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the conditions for the formation of an architectural image in especially valuable nature reserves, such as Skadar Lake Natipnal Park, in Montenegro.

Architectural clusters are becoming relevant due to the possibility of creating dynamic and multifunctional spaces. The author classifies the features that create a special environment for the development of architectural clusters. The analysis of climatic, geographical and historical conditions justifies the thesis about the need for a special approach based on sustainable development in the planning and construction of architectural clusters. The literature on the topic of energy-efficient buildings, the development of resorts, as well as environmental and social aspects of their development are analyzed.

Designing architectural clusters is possible taking into account climatic conditions and the existing cultural and historical environment based on the principles of sustainable development. Clusters as a spatial planning solution will emphasize natural resources and give direction to the development of tourism activities in the Skadar lake region. Using architectural means such as clusters, it is possible to create a harmonious connection between nature and man, without disturbing the natural balance. Design taking into account environmental and economic factors has a direct impact on the future development of society and the entire Skadar Lake region. The choice of building materials for the construction of clusters in the Skadar Lake region, the methods of movement between the clusters, the processing of waste in the cluster zone and the use of alternative energy sources will form the basis for sustainable development. Existing buildings indicate what construction materials were used, so new buildings should be a continuation of traditional principles using modern technologies.
REGULATION OF PROPERTIES OF EPOXY POLYMERS BASED ON DIPHENYLOLMETHANE USING OLIGOBUTADIENE RUBBER WITH TERMINAL CARBOXYL GROUPS
Authors: Kochergin Yuriy , Zolotareva V.
Published: July 2020

The influence of modifying additives of oligobutadiene rubber with terminal carboxyl groups of the SKD-KTR brand on the deformation-strength and adhesive properties of epoxy polymers based on the EDFM-19 product, which is a diglycidyl ether of diphenylolmethane, is studied in a wide range of concentrations. The compositions are cured with triethylentetramine methylphenol UP-583T and triethylentetramine THETA without heat supply from the outside and when heated to a temperature of 120°C. It is found that with increasing rubber concentration, the tensile strength and elastic modulus indicators monotonously decrease, especially intensively when the modifier content is up to 15 mass parts. The dependence of the glass transition temperature and adhesion strength on the amount of introduced rubber is extreme. In the range of modifier concentrations from 5 to 15 parts by weight peaks are observed, the position of which depends on the chemical nature of the hardener of the epoxy resin and the curing mode of the composition. The deformation at break increases monotonously with the increase in the elastomer content, most rapidly in the range of modifier concentrations of 5-25 mass parts. The effect is shown both for samples cured at room temperature and heat-treated compositions. Due to a significant increase in the ability of the sample to develop deformation, despite the decrease in the strength parameter, the work of destruction of modified samples increases significantly. It contributes to improving the performance of composites modified by SKD-KTR rubber under the action of shock and vibration loads.
SOCIAL CIRCUMSTANCES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANLYSIS IN FLAUBERT’S MADAME BOUVARY
Authors: Baharuddin Andi Farid
Published: July 2020

This research aims to elaborate the The social circumstances and psychological analysis which are existing in Madame Bouvary.  Therefore, the researcher will analyze how social circumstance influences the psychological condition of Emma as the main character of this work. In order to analyze this research, the researcher utilizes the literary psychology approach  as the main theory. Besides, to strengthen the psychological analysis in this work, the researcher uses Abbraham Mashlow theory as the additional perspective. Furthermore, the researcher uses qualitative methodology both for collecting data and analyzing data. In collecting the primary data, the researcher gathers the information through the work and for collecting the supporting data, the researcher collects it from books which related to this research. The results research shows that the social circumstance in the novel has been influencing Emma’s characteristics in some particular aspects such as (1) psychological needs, (2) savety needs, (3) the love and belonging needs, (4) self estem, and (5) self actualization.
Clonamiento y expresión de la proteína LipL21 desde Leptospira interrogans serovar canicola aislado en Chile
Authors: Soto Daniel A. , Palma Paula , González Patricia , Badilla Jesús , Muñoz Guillemo , Diaz-Dinamarca Diego A , Manzo Ricardo A , Escobar Daniel F , Maier Liliana , Vasquez Abel Eduardo
Published: July 2020

Leptospira es el agente etiológico de la leptospirosis, que es una zoonosis bacteriana distribuida en todo el mundo. Las infecciones zoonóticas en humanos con Leptospiras son un importante problema de salud pública en los países en desarrollo. Se están desarrollando vacunas y metodologías de detección de Leptospira sp, donde proteínas con un alto nivel de conservación en su secuencia de aminoácidos se están utilizando y representan una buena alternativa. La proteína LipL21 se ha descrito como un buen blanco para estos objetivos. Aquí se describe la purificación de la proteína LipL21 recombinante. Purificamos el ADN cromosómico de Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola aislado en Santiago de Chile. Utilizamos una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa para la amplificación del gen lipl21 y se clonó en el plásmido pET21a y la proteína recombinante se expresó en cultivo bacteriano E. coli BL21 (DE3). La proteína LipL21 recombinante se purificó en un alto grado pureza. Nuestra proteína LipL21 recombinante podría usarse en el desarrollo de pruebas inmunológicas para la detección de IgM e IgG en sueros humanos, considerando que es una enfermedad zoonótica, que además tiene diagnóstico diferencial con Hanta virus.
Investigación en Salud Pública
Authors: Fábrega Lacoa Ricardo
Published: July 2020

Llegamos a la mitad del año 2020 en una situación muy distinta a la que podía ser considerada como probable hace sólo 6 meses atrás por la gran mayoría de los ciudadanos en el mundo entero. La pandemia por Covid19 está en pleno desarrollo y todos los países están sometidos a grandes desafíos. En este cuadro donde hay tanta incertidumbre, todos esperan luces que permitan superar la situación. Para quienes trabajamos en la salud pública nos queda claro que para lograrlo vamos a requerir de muchas cosas, pero sobre todo, de buena ciencia en salud pública. Todo lo que sabemos sobre el Covid19 se basa en una sólida investigación realizada durante años por científicos de todo el mundo, a redes de  investigación y coordinación que se han tejido laboriosamente por un conjunto de personas motivadas por la ciencia, que valoran la disponibilidad y trasparencia del conocimiento, que se apegan a los hechos y al método científico, que exploran los límites siguiendo códigos éticos y que trabajan en forma coherente con espíritu de colaboración.
Programa nacional de farmacovigilancia: presente y futuro
Authors: Roldán Saelzer Juan Alberto , Mena Roa José David
Published: July 2020

La farmacovigilancia es un tema de creciente interés para la salud pública. Esta disciplina cuenta con 50 años de desarrollo en el mundo y 25 años en Chile. Actualmente el país cuenta con un marco normativo que sustenta un sistema nacional de farmacovigilancia en el que participan profesionales e instituciones sanitarias, además de titulares de registro y el propio Instituto de Salud Pública, que alberga al Centro nacional de Farmacovigilancia. El nombramiento de responsables institucionales de farmacovigilancia y el sistema de reporte en línea RED-RAM han mostrado un alto grado de adherencia por parte de las instituciones, lo que ha ido de la mano con un importante incremento en el número de reportes de sospechas de RAM y ESAVI recibidos por el sistema. Permanecen desafíos importantes para el futuro, como integrar a los pacientes al sistema de reporte, extender la farmacovigilancia activa, abordar temáticas como la resistencia antimicrobiana y los efectos adversos de excipientes, e impulsar la educación, la investigación y el uso racional de medicamentos.
Detección y cuantificación de virus de hepatitis A en moluscos en las bahías de Concepción y Arauco, Chile.
Authors: Sanhueza Gonzalo , Cachicas Viviana
Published: July 2020

Antecedentes: El virus de la Hepatitis A (VHA) se asocia comúnmente al consumo y manipulación de alimentos contaminados, entre otras causas, destacándose los moluscos bivalvos como una de las categorías de alimentos frecuentemente relacionadas a grandes brotes. La prevalencia y epidemiología de la enfermedad varía entre y al interior de cada país. En Chile, la región del Biobío es actualmente de alta endemia de VHA, especialmente en comunas del borde costero, asociándose a insuficiencias en el saneamiento ambiental. Objetivo:  Detectar y cuantificar las partículas virales de VHA en moluscos en las bahías de Concepción y Arauco, región del Biobío, Chile, para el año 2016. Como una forma de evaluar la capacidad bioacumuladora de los moluscos bivalvos consumidos localmente y por ende el riesgo de enfermedad Metodología: Se analizaron 72 muestras, de la zona, correspondientes cada una, a un pool de hepatopáncreas proveniente de 10 especímenes. La detección se realizó vía retro PCR en tiempo real (RT-qPCR), y la cuantificación mediante la utilización de curva estándar realizadas para cada virus, interpolando los resultados de Cq observados, solo en el caso de las muestra VHA positivas. Resultados: El virus fue detectado en 35 de 72 muestras de moluscos principalmente  almejas y mejillones  de las dos bahías. La concentración de moluscos encontradas fue entre 10 y 3.900 copias del genoma por gramo de hepatopáncreas. Discusión: Desde al año 2000 al 2013, la región presentaba tasas de baja endemia similares al resto del país, periodo en que el país  logró mejorar significativamente sus condiciones sanitarias. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de reevaluar y fortalecer el saneamiento ambiental.  Es necesario promover políticas que resguarden la producción  formal de alimentos libres de patógenos, pero que también consideren la extracción informal. Así como es necesario generar sistemas de vigilancia de VHA conjuntos, clínicos, epidemiológicos y ambientales.
Auditor Independence and its Impact on Financial Statements Audit (Evidence from Oman)
Authors: Manayseh Mahmoud , Stalin D C
Published: July 2020

Defrauding and error discovering by external auditor influence his relationship with his clients of professional auditing, a financial interest that auditor received it affect on the credibility of auditing and the relationships between the practices associated with the audit and the rules of professional conduct standards factors and changing the external auditor of professional auditing in Sultanate of Oman are investigated analyzed and to know the aspects related to change the External Auditor and its impact on the principle of independence, an issue of stakeholders interest in the companies under review.In the framework of the keenness of financial and administrative control of Oman to keep up with development in the professional work and the adoption of global best practices in audit work so as achieve efficiency and effectiveness in business and goals accomplished device, the study results from the questionnaire concluded that the subsequent discovery of the error, fraud and illegal acts after the issuance of the report shows the negligence of the references in the performance of his professional duties of professional auditing in Sultanate of Oman, the associated application with a review of the professional rules and standards of behavior affect change in the external auditor and also the quality associated with checking the extent of the auditor’s commitment to auditing standards process of professional auditing in Sultanate of Oman.