bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RUINE AND CITY. Procedure suggestion for the Imperial Forums of Rome
Authors: Marcenac Valeria , Ballester Bordes María José , Bosch Roig Luis , Campos Gonzalez Carlos , Bosh Reig Ignacio
Published: July 2018

The actual area of the Imperial Forums is presented as a big urban void in which the scale of the city has been lost. A "no man's land", inhospitable, to which you could assign the qualifying of "non-place". A huge and fragmented "archaeological park" in which the observer is not able of relate the rests and recognise the trace of the ancient forums. This problems have been adressed within the framework of the "Workshop of Conservation and Intervention" of the MCPA Master of the UPV, in which have been suggested differente strategies, both of search of the sewn of the city, and of the recognition of the different historical stratums existing on the place. To the same extent, this topic has been an international contest object, on which the proposal we have presented comes from a “modern” attitude, that helps us going beyond the evocative power of the ruin, or from its value as a referent from the past. An attitude which seeks to inhabit the ruin, occupy and settle it with architectures that renew its value, they are commited with the past and the present, and they guarantee their future presence. In this sense, the wanted and searched condition of "presence", is not as supported by the recovery of what have existed as it is by the ability of the intervention by accepting the transformations which have happened throughout history, introducing in turn a new stratum that besides answering the current needs, strengthen its statement as architecture.   And all of that, urban regeneration is searched through the recuperation of the city’s scale loss. KEY WORDS: ruin, urban void, urban regeneration, scale of the city, presence.   REFERENCES: Bosch, I. “La ruina como valor añadido en el patrimonio. El non finito”. Journal: Ingeniería y Territorio, 2011; Bosch, I. “Interventi sui ponti storici Trinidad e Serranos a Valencia Work on the historic Trinidad and Serranos bridges in Valencia”. Disegnare, Idee immagini. Nº42, 2011 that besides answering the current needs, strengthen its statement as architecture.
The essential purpose of any Urban Project is to define Public Space
Authors: Iribarne Jorge
Published: July 2018

In that aspect, buildings role, no matter their architectural qualities, is to shape that void and give it character. If one asks people about their remembrances of cities they have visited, they usually mention places and the activities that took place there. Architecture, great or bad is the referente of Architects. Only some monuments –Eiffel Tower or Sidney´s Opera- which act as the city´s image are worth recalling. The failure of CIAM´s urbanism was not its lack of  quality, even vition, as some of Le Corbusier designs clearly demostrate, but its disregard of public space, merely a left over  spread between isolated building blocks and  highways. A good instrument to understand this fact are the Figure/ Ground  plans, in which the basic shape of buildings and voids are drawn in black and white. In the tradicional city renders, the public spaces have a clear definition, a presence of its own. In any CIAM project –mostly-  or construction, the public realm is the shapless space left over  by buildings, with no hint about use or limits. A clear demonstration is  the no-space around the Philarmonic, the National Library and the Art Gallery in Berlin. This knowlege is sufficiently incorporated into the practice of most Western Designers, but two perverse conditions are part of the everyday´s life of entire populations in the World: In poor Countries there is an urgent need to incorporate slums to the city structure, culture and services.In Asian Cities, mainly in China, inmense areas are demolished overnight and its tradicional fabric replaced by endless rows of anonymous high rise blocks amid a maze of transport elevated structures, with no place left for pedestrians. An old text advices not to let the urgent erase the important. In today´culture both conditions are unfortunately simultaneous.
The role of residential fabric in the configuration of the city in Spain in the 1940s and 1950s. The case of Jaca
Authors: Bambó Naya Raimundo
Published: July 2018

The housing problem was one of the fundamental concerns of the new State that emerged after the Civil War in Spain. Different official bodies were created to this end, facing the need for reconstruction of different cities and villages and the dwelling shortage. During the 1940s and 1950s there was a progressive shift of interest from rural housing to urban housing. A series of residential projects of different nature were developed in towns and cities, modifying their urban configuration. The objective of this work is to study different public housing projects carried out during the 1940s and 1950s in the city of Jaca by Lorenzo Monclús, municipal architect of the city, regional delegate of the National Housing Institute and urban planning technician. On the one hand, the study focuses on the theoretical models and international references on which they are based, the building types, the architectural language, and the design of the urban space. On the other hand, on the adaptability of these models to the existing city structure and its planning: a 1917 extension project according to nineteenth century models, carried out after the demolition of the city walls, and revised on successive occasions during the studied period. This analysis of a local experience is part of a wider debate: that of the urban culture in Spain during the postwar period. Despite all the limitations, modern functionalist urbanism was assimilated through public housing projects and urban extensions with open edification in smaller settlements, with techniques akin to those used in larger cities throughout the country.
Space Syntax in an idiorrhythmical conglomerate: the case of Jardim Piratininga, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Silva Luciano , Borges Heraldo , Futema Bruno
Published: July 2018

This article is the result of a partnership between the research group Urban Issues: Design, Architecture, Planning and Landscape - Q.URB, and the Group of Studies of the Urban Form in Brazil - FU.bá, both of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of Mackenzie Presbiterian University. It aims to contribute to urban design alternatives in the Jardim Piratininga neighborhood, located in the East Zone of the Municipality of São Paulo, and to offer subsidies for future Urban Intervention Projects (PIU), since this area was defined, by the 2012 Strategic Master Plan, as Special Zone of Social Interest - ZEIS. It is hypothesized that the study area, considered as an emerging urban fabric stratum and lacking in a large part of its area of ​​basic urbanization infrastructures, holds in itself the potential for a future re-adaptation and complementation of its roadway. The methodology that will be used in the analytical approach of the urban form, known as Space Syntax, seeks to provide: support for decision making; tools to calibrate these decisions; evaluate proposed scenarios; as well as combining other methods and tools. This methodology seeks to confirm something we already know - the need to complete ‘mesh design’ in urbanized areas that have, in contemporary cities, a different constitution from that observed in more sedimented and stable areas (traditional city). As a result, possibilities of transformation of the roadway will be presented according to diverse scenarios, but based on the dynamics of the place itself, and also with the surrounding urban fabric.
El Paradigma Universidad-Colegio. Transformación urbana de Alcalá de Henares en el Renacimiento
Authors: Gil Campuzano Miguel Angel , Palomares Figueres María Teresa
Published: July 2018

Con la creación  del modelo universitario boloñés en España nace una tipología docente de nueva implantación. Ante la falta de alojamiento en la reciente creada Universidad Alcalaina, nace el modelo Colegio-Universidad implantado por el Cardenal Cisneros. Se inaugura una nueva etapa al mismo tiempo que se culminan experiencias edificatorias anteriores en las ciudades de Salamanca y Valladolid. El nuevo tipo forja el concepto de Colegio Mayor con una ambición mayor que los ya existentes en el país y capaz de responder a nuevas necesidades de una ciudad de principios de la Edad Moderna. El sistema de crecimiento se jerarquiza a través de nuevos claustros. Estos patios organizan todos los elementos del conjunto. Nace una nueva urbe, convirtiendose ésta en foco investigador de primera magnitud. En su planificación, destaca la constitución de una especie de “ensanche” de época temprana del casco medieval, comprendiendo los edificios tanto docentes como residenciales y de equipamientos. Esta es una experiencia novedosa, se podría atribuir como la primera ciudad universitaria, planificada en cierta medida, de la historia. Tuvo una gran proyección e influencia internacional, teniendo el mayor énfasis en ciudades sudamericanas. Y en la actualidad, en 1998 es incluído este recinto universitario junto al casco antiguo de Alcalá de Henares en la lista Patrimonio Mundial de la Unesco.
Tourist settlements in the Comunidad Valenciana coast: A Typological Map
Authors: Azulay Tapiero Marilda , Mas Llorens Vicente
Published: July 2018

The system of tourist settlements on the Mediterranean coast presents a great complexity, as well as its geographical, landscape, morphological, urban and architectural conditions like for the varied way of relating to it the social and economic groups involved. The purpose of the communication is to expose the research about the need and the possibility of actions providing tourist settlements with urban and territorial cohesion, and enabling new proposals where what is decisive is not only acting on the parties but, globally, on the conditions that defines the scenes of action. In order to deal with the complexity of the tourist development on the Valencian Mediterranean coast, we proposed, as a first step, the identification of settlement types where, contrary to the buildings type, it will be necessary to apply mechanisms that take into account there are structures in the process of evolution. As Giorgio Grassi (1973) already said, a classification is not a type but allows an approximation to it. This has allowed the development of a “Typological Map of Tourist Settlements in the Comunidad Valenciana” where situate case studies while reading the territory as a whole and each settlement in relation to others settlements. A map to add data, based on the definition of parameters related to structure, urban form and architecture, but also to the relationship with the coastal physical environment, and selected for their capacity to provide data for the research purposes.
Neoliberal hegemony and the territorial re-configuration of public space in Mexico City.
Authors: Filipe Narciso Carla Alexandra
Published: July 2018

Sustainability, ecological modernization, citizen participation, public space and rights are concepts that have acquired great importance in international political discourses and that have figured in indicators, guidelines, programs and policies, at national level, giving rise to a urban planning from administrative units or “zoning”, which instead of showing the different structures, forms and functions of cities as a whole, what has generated is a fragmentation of urban space. In a certain way, the implosion of these themes shows the success of capitalism in a period of neoliberal hegemony, since it becomes a smokescreen to hide the class differences superimposed on global discourses of modernization and development, as well as the transformation of natural resources in products, the capitalization of nature and the transformation of politics into management. The text seeks to reflect on the territorial configuration of public space in the light of emerging urban policies and programs in a neoliberal geopolitical context based on two axes of analysis: in the first analyze the neoliberal imposition models on how to construct public space and in the second will analyze the institutional bases, programs and policies of intervention highlighting their objectives, limitations and contradictions that help to understand the material and immaterial forms that the public space adopts at different scales in Mexico City through of the socio-territorial relations that are constructed in a process of mutual reciprocity. References Brenner, N.; Peck, J.; Theodore, N. (2009).Urbanismo neoliberal: La ciudad y el imperio de los mercados. SUR Corporación de Estudios Sociales y Educación, Temas sociales, n.66. Capel, H. (2002). La morfología de las ciudades. I. Sociedad, cultura y paisaje urbano (Ediciones del Serbal, Barcelona). Harvey, D. (2007) Espacios del capital. Hacia una geografía crítica (Akal, Madrid). Narciso, C.; Ramírez, B. (2016). Discursos, política y poder: el espacio público en cuestión. Territorios 35, Bogotá, pp.37-57. Pradilla, E. (2009) Los territorios del neoliberalismo en América Latina (Universidad Autónoma de México/Miguel Ángel Porrúa, México).
Nowa Huta, Krakow, Poland. Old Urbanism, New Urbanism?
Authors: Agata Kantarek Anna , Samuels Ivor
Published: July 2018

This paper considers the first stage of Nova Huta New Town built near Krakow in the 1950s. In contrast to UK and US new settlements of the post war period it is a high density apartment block development which was ignored in the literature for more than half a century because its design, based on a system of streets, is in contrast with contemporary forms of development, either low density garden city or higher density free standing apartment blocks. A discussion of its neglect and the recent rediscovery of its qualities, both in Poland and by exponents of the US New Urbanism (part of the Urban Morphology spectrum somewhat neglected by ISUF) leads to a systematic  investigation  of the development, its influences  and how this project conceived in a radically different political and economic  context, matches or departs from the tenets of the Charter for the New Urbanism. The extent to which the context has determined the differences leads to a conclusion discussing the enduring qualities and contemporary relevance of inherited urban forms. References: Biedrzycka A., Chyb A., Fryźlewicz M. (ed.) Nowa Huta - architektura i twórcy miasta idealnego. Niezrealizowane projekty, Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Krakowa, Kraków 2006. Gauthier,P. and J. Gilliland (2006),   ‘Mapping urban morphology: a classification scheme for interpreting contributions to the study of urban form’, Urban Morphology 10.1, 41-50 Hatherley, O.(2015) Landscapes of Communism. A history through buildings (Allen Lane,London). Juchnowicz, S. (2005) ‘Nowa Huta-przeszłość i wizja. Z doświadczeń warsaztatu projektowego in Nowa Huta-przyszłość i wizja’. Studium muzeum rozprosznego, Biblioteka Krzysztoforska, Krakow. Lisowski, B.  (1968) Modern architecture in Poland (Polonia Publishing House, Warsaw). Plater Zyberk, E. (2015) ‘Traditional urbanism: design policy and case studies’. in Jeleński et al eds. Tradition and heritage in the contemporary image of the city, Volume 1, Wyd. Politechniki Krakowskiej, Krakow. p160-171. The Congress for the New Urbanism (1999) Charter of the New Urbanism (1999)   (https://www.cnu.org/who-we-are/charter-new-urbanism) accessed  4 January 2017. Wyrozumski J. (eds.) Narodziny Nowej Huty Towarzystwo Miłośników Historii i Zabytków Krakowa, Kraków, 1999.
Because people act, cities can be smart: Promoting social innovation in smart-city design-tools in the Mediterranean.
Authors: Navarro Escudero Miriam , Mateo Cecilia Carolina , Serrano Lanzarote Begoña , Valero Escribano Vera
Published: July 2018

Smart city is an innovative paradigm tackling a range of emerging problems associated with urbanization, massively understood from a technology-driven approach. Much of the focus of the smart city movement to date – city authorities and other organizations deploying sensors, networks, decision support tools and data analytics to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of urban systems (like transport, utilities, etc.) – is only half the story. In occasions, citizens struggle with a top-down managing city system that should help public administrators, service providers and citizens, but reports instead on personal frustration. To avoid this, an attempt to promote social innovation processes to the smart city paradigm is now taking place. In this paper, we analyze reactions to a smart city design-tool for energy strategy plans’ definition and implementation, in the three EU most populated Mediterranean countries (Spain, France, Italy). The research is based on the ACCENT study case. Interviews show common challenges with regard to ACCENT smartness, as the needs and dangers of sharing real energy consumption data of buildings, the low willingness of some energy suppliers to offer information, the user-unfriendly interfaces for citizens, the lack of linkage among public bodies, the dispersion of data, the requirement of disseminating mechanisms to make citizens aware of the benefits of the energy renovation, or the inaccessibility to existing information on the state of buildings. These challenges resulting from ACCENT study give rise to three recommendations to foster social innovation in further Mediterranean smart city design-tools: co-responsibility, hand-in-hand co-creation and citizens’ organizational empowerment.
Urban green structure in El Ensanche of Valencia city
Authors: Colomer Alcácer Juan , Portalés Mañanós Ana , Urios Mondéjar David
Published: July 2018

The Valencian urban green structure, constitutes the main field of the present paper. Its form, size and distribution over the urban grid, could be easily comparable to other European cities, that grown highly on the XIX and XX Century behind a medieval wall. In a first stage, in 1884 with the “Primer Ensanche” by Calvo, Ferreres and Arnau, Valencia gets through a process of fine urban sewing, matching both urban structures, medieval one with the new square blocks, based on the Paris of the Haussmann, example that really helped to integrate such a different urban behavior. Thus, small green spaces appear rarely around those new neighborhoods and districts, usually on the lost urban spaces where the building blocks were more difficult to be built. When the second stage of the Valencian urban sprawl comes through, with the “El Segundo Ensanche de Valencia” (1924, Francisco Mora) the main structure was the square blocks with inner patios with its typical cross chamfer. As a result, Valencia sprawl achieves their principal urban troubles, such as overcrowding, sanitation and restructuring. Moreover, it made those goals using the most efficient and sustainable urban model because of its compactness. However, urban changes forgive one of the most demanded spaces by its citizens nowadays, the green structure, car and its roadway where first over the green spaces. This paper analyzes how green spaces are inside the square blocks greed in Valencia “El Ensanche”, and tries to include some alternatives to improve its lack of green infrastructure.Keywords Valencia, El Ensanche, Green structure, urban compactness
Physical activity and quality of life in children treated for leukaemia
Authors: Kowaluk Aleksandra , Woźniewski Marek
Published: July 2018

Introduction

Childhood cancer treatment is aggressive and may lead to a significant limitation of physical activity as well as deterioration of children’s quality of life. Anticancer treatment, though it saves health and life, also leads to problems resulting from the lack of sufficient physical activity. The aim of the study was to assess the level of the physical activity and quality of life in children undergoing leukaemia treatment and examine if there was a correlation between these two.

Methods

Anonymous surveys were conducted. The quality of children’s lives was assessed with the KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire. The level of physical activity was determined with the use of questions from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) questionnaire.

Results

A study group of 30 children undergoing stationary leukaemia treatment and a control group of 30 healthy children were examined. None of the treated children made a physical effort lasting at least 60 minutes a day; 77% of them did not perform any intense physical effort. All the children undergoing leukaemia treatment showed malaise and low quality of life. No correlation was observed between the level of physical activity and life quality among the oncologically treated children.

Conclusions

Children treated for leukaemia had a low level of physical activity and life quality. They did not undertake any form of physical activity contributing to the improvement of parameters of exercise capacity. There was no correlation between the level of physical activity and life quality in children treated for leukaemia.
Islam, politiek en burgerschap: hoe verhouden die zich tot elkaar?
Authors: Meijer Roel
Published: July 2018

Islam, Politics and Citizenship: What is their Relation?

This article analyses the relation between Islam, politics and citizenship. It analyses three currents within Islam: Salafism, Islamism, and modernism. The central argument is that most modern Islamic currents do not have a concept of politics as an independent ‘field’ where compromises can be made concerning societal problems. The only current that provide the space for a pluriform, open political debate is Islamic modernism. Through its humanism and the centrality of the common good and not the text, modernism embraces not only the concept of politics as free space but also the concept of active citizenship.
Een geschonden orde
Authors: van Erp Stephan
Published: July 2018

A Violated Order. A Theological Reflection on Migration and the Christian Identity of Europe

In this article, the author criticizes a variety of views on the Christian identity of Europe in current discussions on migration. Next, he presents his own view on Christian identity, which consists of belief in a God who becomes present in the brokenness of the life of all. Applied to the issue of migration, this leads to a view of identity which develops in the encounter with migration. Then, the author defends the universal message of the Christian faith, and shows how this messages is violated as long as the suffering of migrants lasts. Thus, he holds a plea for a divine order over against the supposed order of christian identity.
Монгол, Японы дипломат харилцаа: гүнзгийрэл, чиг хандлага
Authors: Б Сэржав
Published: July 2018

Монгол Улс Япон улстай дипломат харилцаа тогтоосноос хойш 45 жилийн хугацаа улиран одлоо. Энэ харилцаа Хүйтэн дайны үе болон социалист системийн уналтаар Монгол Улс ардчилал, зах зээлийн тогтолцоонд шилжин цоо шинээр хөгжлийн гарааг эхэлсэн огцом хувьсал бүхий өвөрмөц түүхэн цаг хугацааны сорилтыг туулж, хамтын ажиллагаа өргөжив. Эдүгээ хоёр орны харилцаа Иж бүрэн түншлэлийн харилцаанаас Стратегийн түншлэл, Эдийн засгийн түншлэлийн түвшинд хүрч гүнзгийрэн хөгжиж байна. Эдийн засгийн түншлэлийн хамтын ажиллагаа, стратегийн түншлэлийн дунд хугацааны шинэ хөтөлбөрийн хэрэгжилт нь хоёр орны хамтын ажиллагааны өнөөгийн өргөн боломжийг бүтээлчээр ашиглаж Япон улсын дэлхийд хүлээн зөвшөөрөгдсөн тэргүүний технологи, ноу хау, шилдэгтуршлага, менежментийг өөрийн онцлогт тохируулан нэвтрүүлэх, түүний үндсэн дээр үндэсний үйлдвэрлэлийг хөгжүүлж өрсөлдөх чадвараа дээшлүүлэх, эдийн засгийн бие даасан байдлыг бататгах, улс орныг авч явах үндэсний боловсон хүчнээ бэлтгэх зэрэг өргөн хүрээтэй бололцоог олгож байна.
Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease: Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, Clinical Features and Diagnostic Algorithm—State of the Art
Authors: Szturmowicz Monika , Kacprzak Aneta , Szołkowska Małgorzata , Burakowska Barbara , Szczepulska Ewa , Kuś Jan
Published: July 2018

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) and pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis (PCH) are rare disorders, with the estimated prevalence of less than 1 case per million inhabitants. The vascular pathology in PVOD/PCH involves pre-septal and septal veins, alveolar capillaries and small pulmonary arteries. According to the ERS/ESC classification of pulmonary hypertension (PH) from 2015, PVOD/PCH have been included in the subgroup 1’ of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Recent data indicate, however, the possibility of PVOD/PCH pathology in the patients diagnosed in the group 1. The problem may concern PAH associated with scleroderma, drug- induced PAH, PAH due to HIV infection and up to 10% of patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH). Recently, bi-allelic EIF2AK4 mutations were found in the cases with heritable form of PVOD/PCH and in about 9% of sporadic cases. Moreover, an association between occupational exposure to organic solvents and PVOD/PCH was proved. The present review is an attempt to summarise the current data on pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features and diagnostic algorithm for PVOD/PCH.
ANALYSIS OF AN ANTI-PARALLEL MEMRISTOR CIRCUIT
Authors: Mladenov Valeri , Kirilov Stoyan
Published: July 2018

The basic purpose of the present paper is to propose an extended investigation and computer analysis of an anti-parallel memristor circuit with two equivalent memristor elements with different initial values of the state variables using a modified Boundary Condition Memristor (BCM) Model and the finite differences method. The memristor circuit is investigated for sinusoidal supply current at different magnitudes – for soft-switching and hard-switching modes, respectively. The influence of the initial values of the state variables on the circuit’s behaviour is presented as well. The equivalent i-v and memristance-flux and the other important relationshipsof the memristor circuit are also analyzed.
HARMONIC DOMAIN MODEL OF AN OPEN-LOOP CONTROLLED PWM CONVERTER
Authors: John Malte , Mertens Axel
Published: July 2018

An harmonic domain model is developed for open-loop controlled voltage source inverters, which provides the steady-state solution for integer multiples of the fundamental frequency. The convolution of the switching function spectrum with the converter currents and voltages is used to describe
the coupling of the AC side and the DC side. The modeling is based on a single phase leg and is extended to a single-phase and a three-phase voltage source inverter, which results in a non-linear algebraic equation system. For open-loop control the switching function is independent of the converter currents and voltages and the model is simplified to a linear equation system. This straightforward and fast model is verified by time domain simulations and experimental results. The modeling can be adapted to systems of coupled converters, which is presented for a back-to-back converter system showing the harmonic interaction of the connected subsystems.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTED SEGMENTATION METHODS OF ANATOMICAL BRAIN STRUCTURES
Authors: Dzierżak Róża , Michalska Magdalena
Published: July 2018

An important aspect of analysis medical images is acknowledging the role of the segmentation process of individual anatomical structures. This process allows to show the most important diagnostic details. Owing to the segmentation the areas of interest (ROI) it is possible to adapt the methods of further image analysis considering the specification of selected elements. This process has been widely used in medical diagnostics. The article presents the use of segmentation by thresholding, segmentation by region growth and by edge detection to extract the parts of the human brain the user is interested in. The series of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) images were used. The aim of the research was to develop the methods that would allow comparing the effectiveness various types of anatomical brain structures’ segmentation in two dimensions. The above methods present the different impact that selected types of segmentation, masks or parameters have on the most accurate depiction of a selected human brain element.
OCENA RUCHU PALIWA W PROCESIE SPALANIA NA PODSTAWIE OBRAZU CYFROWEGO
Authors: Pater Łukasz
Published: July 2018

Artykuł dotyczy sposobu wskazania rodzaju ruchu przy pomocy przetwarzania i analizy obrazu cyfrowego na przykładzie sekwencji przemieszczania się pyłu węglowego. Prezentowane podejście ma poszerzyć perspektywę zastosowania systemów wizyjnych w kontroli procesów spalania, podnosząc tym samym ich efektywność. Wyniki pokazały właściwe odzwierciedlenie rzeczywistego ruchu paliwa na dyskretnej powierzchni pól wektorowych przy zastosowaniu metody przepływu optycznego. Dołączenie metody numerycznej, do analizy pól wektorowych, pozwoliło wyznaczyć sześć rodzajów ruchu. Obserwacje, obejmujące fragmentu badanego zjawiska, wyczerpują wszystkie przypadki oceny przemieszczenia cząstek paliwa.
Phytosociological structure of Cladonio-Pinetum Juraszek 1927 of the Western Polissya of Ukraine
Authors: Mertsalo Myroslava , Soroka Myroslava
Published: July 2018

The article presents species composition of lichens occurring in the Cladonio-Pinetum Juraszek 1927dry pine forests that have been identified in the Western Polissya. On 14 sample plots established in the above association, there were found altogether 15 lichen species representing two genera, i.e.CladoniaL.and Cetraria Ach., that were accompanied by four species of mosses. The area of lichen cover varied significantly within the range of 0.4-34.1%. Four species (Cladonia rangiferina, C. mitis, C. uncialis, and C. gracilis out of 15 occurred on all sample plots, while C. digitata was slightly represented on three sample plots, only. There was found a clear relationship between the size of the area covered with lichens and the age of dry pine forests. The dynamics and type of these time related changes varies depending of the dynamics of each individual species of lichen.
Zmiany składu gatunkowego i struktury syntaksonomicznej zespolu Phyllitido-Aceretum Moor 1952 na Roztoczu Ukraińskim
Authors: Soroka Mirosława , Woźniak Andrzej
Published: July 2018

Phyllitido-Aceretum Moor 1952 is a rare association of sycamore mountain in Europe and is protected by the Natura 2000. The occurrence of this association is related to the mountain areas of central and southern Europe, but only a few localities are also present on upland areas. In the area of Ukraine, Phyllitido-Aceretum only occurs in the Carpathians, while his position found in the Ukrainian part of the Roztocze is the only and the most easterly of its range. The study evaluated changes in species of composition and syntaxonomic structure of the association Phyllitido-Aceretum in the years 1986-2016. It has been shown, that Phyllitido-Aceretum in the Ukrainian part of Roztocze is formed with mountain vegetation, especially beech forests, but also from class ASPLENIETEA RUPESTRIA Br.-Bl. 1934 in Meier et Br.-Bl.1934. Trend of the development of association Phyllitido-Aceretum demonstrates its transformation into fertile beechwood Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum W.Mat.1964 et Guzikowa et Kornaś 1969, which is caused by the anthropogenic factor.
Czynnik społeczny w kontekście prowadzenia wielofunkcyjnej i zrównoważonej gospodarki leśnej
Authors: Beker Cezary , Jaszczak Roman
Published: July 2018

The article shows the importance of the social factor in conducting a multifunctional and sustainable forest management.There is an analysis on the co-operation and sharing of forests. Forest management is compared in urban and state forests.
Waloryzacja lasu jako narzędzie oceny potencjału rekreacyjnego obszarów leśnych
Authors: Wajchman-Świtalska Sandra , Jaszczak Roman
Published: July 2018

The paper is dedicated to the social function of forest areas. The aim of this paper is to present the idea of application the forest valuation for evaluation of the potential of recreational areas of woodlands. The authors present exemplary features that might be evaluated. As a conclusion some advantages and disadvantages of the method of the valuation are presented.
Prognostic value of microsatellite instability in adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancer
Authors: Potapov Oleksii A. , Glagolieva Anastasia Y. , Makhmudov Dmytro E. , Komorowski Andrzej L.
Published: July 2018

The dynamics of morbidity and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) has changed little in recent years and consistently remains at a high level. The carcinogenesis of this type of tumors includes a large number of genetic disorders and epigenetic changes, which show a number of features specific for this nosology, providing the basis for the first consensus classification of molecular subtypes for colorectal cancer. One of the main mechanisms chosen as crucial for this classification is the microsatellite instability (MSI) caused by defects in the DNA Mismatch Repair System (MMR).
The clinical significance of this CRC molecular profile parameter is hard to overestimate. Over the past three decades, the MSI and MMR have been actively studied for prognosis evaluation, determination of need and selection of appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy scheme for CRC. Despite the significant accumulation of clinical and experimental study data, currently the prognostic value of this parameter is still not well defined with reference to CRC adjuvant treatment strategies, and the released data remain controversial.
The purpose of this analytic review is to analyze the current status of MSI and MMR in the setting of adjuvant treatment of CRC patients from a perspective of evidence-based medicine.
Smith in Belfast: A Radiophonic Ethnodrama
Authors: Antick Paul
Published: July 2018

A new 25 minute radiophonic ethnodrama by Paul Antick and Jo Langton, Smith in Belfast is the account of one man's journey through a series of situations and conversations, the contents of which refer in sometimes roundabout ways to the linguistic, legal, architectural, social and sartorial aftermath(s) of 'the Troubles' in Northern Ireland.  Composed of a series of relatively unsettling, often absurdly oblique vignettes - staged in pubs, ‘chippers’, parks and on street corners - Smith in Belfast culminates in the troubling impersonation - by its English protagonist Smith - of an ex-paramilitary tour guide careering though memories of old photographs and film footage of ‘the Troubles’ in front of a concerned group of visitors somewhere on the Falls Road. As Brexit negotiations stumble on, Smith in Belfast – an expurgated version of which originally aired on Resonance FM in 2017 - is a strange and timely reminder that although the war in Northern Ireland may be over, many of the contradictions that fuelled the conflict there, contradictions that ostensibly turned on the relationship between issues of national sovereignty and social identity, have never been entirely resolved. Smith in Belfast is a radiophonic alert to the possibility that the pain Brexit could conceivably inflict on the province (and beyond) might, in the face of political solipsism and creeping English nationalism, potentially involve more than a hike in the price of wine. Note that although this production explicitly references some ‘real life’ historical figures and events, and also (apparently) draws on conversations and situations its author enjoyed on the ‘Troubles tours’ of Belfast he attended during the summer of 2014, it, like all of the characters in it, is almost emphatically fictional.
The New Negro and Racial Reinvention
Authors: Wolfskill Phoebe
Published: July 2018

Chapter 1 considers the ideologies surrounding the Negro Renaissance, and establishes the historical question that structures the project: how does an artist construct a “New” Negro detached from the authority of past constructions? The chapter introduces the reader to Motley’s background and history, while addressing key paintings that establish the foundation of the concerns elaborated in the manuscript. The chapter further frames the book’s approach to Motley’s work by sifting through art historical discourses regarding the evolution of African American art history and the treatment of the black artist within this history. It posits that the difficulties of devising a New Negro stems not just from the task of revising black identity but rather from the suggestion that black identity can somehow be reduced or codified into a coherent idea or form of representation. Furthermore, there were as many perspectives on how to represent the New Negro as there were artists and writers seeking to redefine this figure.
The Art of Assimilation
Authors: Wolfskill Phoebe
Published: July 2018

Chapter 2 examines Motley’s conscientious placement of himself within Western traditions of art. Contextualizing the artist’s training at the Art Institute of Chicago, the chapter considers Motley’s early meditations on the role of the black artist, which differed in many ways from how the artist was eventually historicized. Analyzing three significant compositions spanning an almost twenty-year period, the chapter investigates Motley’s approach to citing and revising canonical works of art as a means of situating himself as a Western, and not just Negro, artistic master. Motley’s citations of recognized works of art allow black figures to function as symbols of beauty (albeit limited by Western constructions of the concept), timelessness, history, class, labor, and leisure within an increasingly diverse urban environment, while also exhibiting the artist’s aptitude for formal play and experimentation.
Ultrasound-Assisted Ionic Liquid-Dispersive Liquid–Liquid of Curcumin in Food Samples Microextraction and Its Spectrophotometric Determination
Authors: Unsal Yunus Emre , Tuzen Mustafa , Soylak Mustafa
Published: July 2018

Background: A rapid and new ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid-dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method (UA-IL-DLLME) was presented for the determination of curcumin by spectrophotometry. Objective: To determine trace levels of curcumin in food samples by using green and low-cost method development. Methods: 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was used to extract curcumin from sample solutions with the aid of sonication. Optimum extraction efficiency was determined by examining extraction solvents, pH, centrifugation speed, time, sonication period, and temperature. The influences of diverse ions on the recovery of curcumin were examined. The concentration of curcumin in the final solution was measured by spectrophotometer at 425 nm. Results: The enrichment factor achieved was 167. The LOD and the RSD were 0.51 μg/L and 4.3%, respectively. The presented method was performed to detect curcumin in 20 food samples. Conclusions: The presented UA-IL-DLLME method is simple, low in cost, environmentally friendly, rapid, and sensitive and requires minimal use of toxic organic solvents. Highlights: A microextraction method was applied to increase sensitivity. Higher enrichment factors and lower detection limits were observed. The proposed technique is easy, cost-effective, accurate, and precise.
Rapid Detection of Listeria in Ice Cream in 13 Hours Using the Roka Listeria Detection Assay
Authors: Arias-Rios Elba Veronica , Tenney Kristina , Mai Tam , Anderson Sam , Cantera Ruth Marie , Nadala Lourdes M , Han Sukkyun , Janagama Harish , Pando Jasmine M , Selover Brandon , Lei Sung Shao , Nadala Cesar , Samadpour Mansour
Published: July 2018

Background: Listeria contamination is a major concern in the ice cream industry; therefore, early and accurate detection is vital. Current detection methods require about a 24 h enrichment period for detection. Objective: Enhance the early detection of Listeria in ice cream using the highly sensitive isothermal ribosomal RNA-based Roka/Atlas Listeria Detection Assay. Methods: The R2 Medium was developed for Listeria enrichment by Molecular Epidemiology, Inc. (Seattle, WA). Comparative growth curve studies were performed on the new R2 Medium for Listeria and the currently validated media for the Roka Listeria Detection Assay. Subsequently, a method comparison between the Roka Listeria Detection Assay and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) Chapter 10 reference method on ice cream was carried out. Results: The R2 Medium supports the growth of L. monocytogenes better than Buffered Listeria Enrichment Broth, Demi-Fraser broth, and Modified University of Vermont Broth, as indicated by the faster growth rate of the organism. When used as an enrichment medium in a method comparison study of ice cream, the results showed that R2 Medium–enriched samples tested with the Roka Listeria Detection Assay gave an equivalent performance compared with the 24 h FDA-BAM reference method at 10 and 18 h post-enrichment for Listeria. Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that the new R2 Medium and the highly sensitive Roka Listeria Detection Assay allowed for the rapid detection of Listeria species in ice cream in 13 h. Highlights: The Roka Listeria Detection Assay, in conjunction with a new media formulation (R2 Medium), allowed for the early detection of Listeria in ice cream and may be applied in other food matrixes and environmental samples.
Avaliação no ensino de História: significados e possibilidades
Authors: Oliveira Décio Luciano Squarcieri de
Published: July 2018

Este ensaio constitui-se como parte da pesquisa realizada no Mestrado em Educação da UFSM, sendo aqui problematizados alguns dos muitos significados da avaliação da aprendizagem e trazendo-se, como proposta, atividades que intensifiquem os diálogos em detrimento da exclusividade do conteúdo. A metodologia empregada é o estudo de caso (LUDICE; ANDRÉ, 1986), uma vez que se pesquisa o tema da avaliação em sua singularidade, mas compreendendo-a dentro da multiplicidade da Educação e do contexto em que se manifesta. Sua abordagem qualitativa dedica-se a conhecer o tema como pertencente a um processo e interpreta a avaliação por meio do significado que os próprios sujeitos dão às coisas e à sua vida. Uso como fonte de dados um questionário sobre a representação do professor de História, encaminhado aos acadêmicos do curso de Pedagogia do quinto semestre, no ano letivo de2009. As referências seguem-se por Aróstegui (2006); Bezerra (In: KARNAL, 2005); Vasconcellos (2001); Hoffmann (2003); Jovchelovitch (1998) e Henriques (In: AZEVEDO, 2006). Palavras-chave: avaliação, ensino de História, formação docente.
Os cidadãos-professores e a formação para a cidadania na construção de escolas democráticas
Authors: Stürmer Arthur Breno , Ferreira Liliana Soares
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo discute a formação para a cidadania em escolas públicas estaduais de Santa Catarina, com foco na atuação dos cidadãos-professores e nas Instâncias de Gestão Escolar Democrática (IGEDs).Trata dos pressupostos históricos e legais da escola democrática, aborda as condições de formação dos cidadãos e até chegar ao papel dos cidadãos-professores diante da construção de escolas democráticas. Os dados procedem de pesquisa desenvolvida no Curso de Especialização em Gestão Educacional da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/UAB. A partir do questionamento de dezessete professores, salienta-se que os cidadãos-professores pouco participam das principais IGEDs — Conselho Escolar e a Associação de Pais e Professores —, as quais não funcionam como núcleos de formação para a cidadania. Logo, a experiência de construção de escolas democráticas necessita de maior empenho e estimulo à participação direta, seja dos professores, seja da comunidade como um todo.Palavras-chave: gestão escolar, democracia, cidadania.
Soviet Empire, Childhood, and Education
Authors: Silova Iveta , Palandjian Garine
Published: July 2018

Los niños constituyeron un elemento clave del proyecto de construcción del imperio soviético, la reconfiguración de la infancia y la remodelación del espacio colonial en sí. Los niños de diferentes etnias en los territorios de las repúblicas soviéticas debían estar unidos por el idioma ruso y por un sentimiento de patriotismo soviético, manifiesto en lemas políticos como la "amistad de todos", la "igualdad interétnica" y el "internacionalismo". El currículum educativo y las actividades se utilizaron para facilitar la "fusión" social y cultural de todos los grupos étnicos sobre la base del idioma y la cultura rusa soviética. Al mismo tiempo, el imperio soviético promulgó la idea de la "unidad en la diversidad", permitiendo a las minorías nacionales el derecho a la autodeterminación y cierta autonomía política dentro de un contexto socialista. Basándose en la teoría postcolonial y los estudios de geografía crítica, este artículo analiza cómo se usaron los libros de texto de alfabetización temprana para moldear la infancia soviética mediante la regularización de las mentes, los cuerpos y los hábitos de los niños, así como "ubicándolos" en el espacio y el tiempo del imperio. El artículo proporciona un breve contexto histórico del proyecto de construcción del imperio soviético, seguido de un análisis internacional de los libros de texto de alfabetización temprana publicados en Rusia, Armenia, Letonia y Ucrania. Nuestro objetivo es resaltar las continuidades, contradicciones y rupturas en la visión de la infancia soviética —y el futuro soviético de manera más amplia—, viajando desde el centro del Imperio (Moscú) a sus periferias geográficamente diversas (Armenia, Letonia y Ucrania).
Comparative Education and Empires
Authors: Cowen Robert
Published: July 2018

Hay una gran cantidad de literatura sobre imperios. Hay una gran cantidad de literatura sobre educación e imperios. Sin embargo, solo hay un poco de literatura dentro de la educación comparada sobre imperios. ¿Por qué? Dado el número de personas cuya educación se vio afectada por los imperios, dadas las intenciones declaradas de quienes crearon imperios y sistemas educativos imperiales, dadas las armonías y tensiones en la mayoría de los imperios entre la política y la religión que se desarrollaban en los sistemas educativos, y dadas algunas de las diferencias obvias entre, por ejemplo, los imperios británico, holandés, francés, portugués, ruso, español y soviético y sus discursos y prácticas en la educación, el silencio es llamativo. Este artículo, primero, reflexionará sobre las formas en que los cambios en la «educación comparada» ayudaron a construir ese silencio. En segundo lugar, se trazarán los cambios más recientes en la educación comparada que abren la posibilidad de volver a evaluar los imperios como un tema central de trabajo, no solo en la «historia de la educación», sino en la «educación comparada». Ese argumento se persigue de lleno en la tercera sección del artículo. La conclusión señala otro cambio más en el posicionamiento político de la educación comparada como una materia universitaria y sugiere que, a pesar de los nuevos obstáculos, los imperios deberían ser para nosotros un tema de futuro y no solo del pasado.
Editorial: Empires and Education
Authors: Cowen Robert
Published: July 2018

-