bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Possíveis desfechos de longo prazo da Covid-19: uma revisão sistemática de escopos
Authors: Lucchetta Rosa Camila , Lemos Isabele Held , Santos Ana Caroline Silva , Borba Helena Hiemisch Lobo , Bonetti Aline De Fátima , Gini Ana Luísa Rodriguez , Oliveira Layssa Andrade , Pontarolo Roberto , Wiens Astrid , Mastroianni Patricia De Carvalho
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: mapear os possíveis desfechos de longo prazo da COVID-19 no mundo. Métodos: em acordo com as recomendações do Joanna Briggs Institute, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de escopo de estudos experimentais e observacionais com busca nas bases de dados PubMed e Scopus, complementada por busca manual. Resultados: de 5.325 registros, 121 atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade, os quais incluíram 1.638 recuperados da COVID-19. Foram identificados 52 potenciais desfechos de longo prazo da COVID-19, principalmente disfunção olfatória (n=605), disfunção gustativa (n=372), dispneia (n=233) e lesões pulmonares (n=225). Entre os cuidados de longo prazo, destacam-se início de terapia medicamentosa, terapia de substituição renal e amputação. Conclusão: foram mapeados 52 possíveis desfechos de longo prazo da COVID-19 e recomendações de continuação de cuidados, que variaram de manifestações leves a graves com duração menor ou igual a um mês e maior que um mês.
Η επίδραση της ορμονικής υποκατάστασης στην στοματική κοιλότητα και απώλεια οστικής μάζας άνω και κάτω γνάθου σε μετεμμηνοπαυσιακές γυναίκες
Authors: Σταύρογλου Αθανασία
Published: November 2021

Σκοπός: Ο σκοπός της παρούσης μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της επίδρασης της χορήγησης θεραπείας ορμονικής υποκατάστασης (ΘΟΥ) στο περιοδόντιο σε μετεμμηνοπαυσιακές γυναίκες βασιζόμενη στον έλεγχο συστηματικών παραμέτρων φλεγμονής .Ασθενείς και μέθοδοι: Συνολικά 169 μετεμμηνοπαυσιακές γυναίκες συμμετείχαν σε μια προοπτική κλινική μελέτη. Χωρίστηκαν σε δύο ομάδες: Η Α ομάδα (n = 69) έλαβε ΘΟΥ ενώ η Β ομάδα (n = 100) δεν έλαβαν ΘΟΥ, αλλά στην καθημερινή ρουτίνα συνέχισαν με σωματική άσκηση και καθημερινή κατάλληλη δίαιτα. Έγιναν μετρήσεις στον ορό του αίματος των κάτωθι παραμέτρων : Ιντερλευκίνη-1α (IL-1a). Ιντερλευκίνη-1b (IL-1b); Ιντερλευκίνη-6 (IL-6); Παράγοντας νέκρωσης όγκου (TNF-α), C-αντιδρώσα πρωτεΐνη ορού (CRP), Αλκαλική φωσφατάση (ALP), και Activin A. Πέραν τούτων εξετάστηκαν επίσης: η οστική πυκνότητα.και μικροβιακές καλλιέργειες της στοματοφαρυγγικής κοιλότητας και με τη χρήση περιοδοντικού ανιχνευτή ο οδοντικός θύλακας Αποτελέσματα: Οι εργαστηριακές αναλύσεις έδειξαν στατιστική σημαντική μείωση των TNF-a (p <0,001), IL-6 (p <0,001), IL-1a (p <0,001), IL-1b (p <0,001), αλκαλικής φωσφατάσης (p <0,001) και CRP (p <0,001) στην ομάδα που ελαβε ΘΟΥ σε σύγκριση με τη μη χρήση ΘΟΥ. Η ακτιβίνη Α μειώθηκε επίσης αλλά όχι στατιστικά σημαντικά (p = 0,549). Οι καλλιέργειες στοματοφαρυγγικής κοιλότητας ήταν όλες αρνητικές στην ομάδα με χρήση ΘΟΥ.Συμπεράσματα: Βάσει των αποτελεσμάτων μας συμπεραίνουμε ότι οι μετεμμηνοπαυσιακές γυναίκες μετά τη χορήγηση ΘΟΥ προστατεύονται από προβλήματα στοματικής κοιλότητας όπως η περιοδοντίτιδα και άλλα τοπικά συμπτώματα.
Boesenbergia pandurata application in Goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) Feed to Enhancing Fish Growth, Immunity System, and Resistance to Bacterial Infection
Authors: Hardi Esti Handayani , Saptiani Gina , Nugroho Rudi Agung , Rahman fadlul , Sulistyawati Sulistyawati , Rahayu Widyaningsih , Supriansyah Ali , Kusuma Irawan Wijaya
Published: November 2021

Background: This study investigated how the inclusion of Boesenbergia pandurata extract (BPE) in goldfish feed affects fish growth, immunity, and resistance to infection by Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens.  

Methods: Four fish feeds, were prepared by adding BPE at the concentrations of 0 (control), 2, 4, and 6 g kg-1, respectively, and 120 goldfish (Cyprinus carpio; initial weight 5 g) were separated into 12 boxes and fed with specific pellets and examined thrice. The experiment lasted 12 weeks, beginning with the different feeds, fish growth was measured at Weeks 4 and 8 after the feeding period. Moreover, a challenge test with pathogen bacteria to assay disease resistance was administered at Week 8 after the feeding period, and the survival rate and relative percentage of survival were quantified at Week 12.  

Results: At Week 8, the goldfish that were fed BPE-containing feeds were significantly heavier than the fish that received the control feed (pellet without BPE), and the highest weight gain, reaching 72.44 g, was obtained with Pellet 3; accordingly, the specific growth rate after BPE treatment (5.7%) was higher than that after control treatment. Conversely, the feed conversion ratio in the control group, 2.03, was higher than the ratios in the BPE groups, which were decreased to 0.55–0.90. Lastly, BPE treatment consistently enhanced the immunity parameters of goldfish (relative to control treatment) at weeks 4 and 8, and following BPE treatment, the rate of resistance against bacterial infection, 68.3%–77.0%, was higher than that after control treatment.  

Conclusions: BPE addition in goldfish feed clearly produces a positive effect by enhancing fish growth, immunity, and resistance to infection by pathogenic bacteria, and 4 g kg-1 is the optimal BPE concentration in feed prepared for goldfish.
Inequality and migration in Kenya: Investigating the subnational associations using census data
Authors: Muyonga Mary , Otieno Alfred , Odipo George
Published: November 2021

Background: Since the early 2000s, there has been an extensive debate on whether migration and inequality are interlinked, with varying conclusions arising from methodological as well as theoretical dispositions. The aim of this study is to contribute to this debate by exploring the nexus between several dimensions of inequalities and migration in Kenya.

Methods: This study used the subnational(county) data on inequalities and migration in Kenya obtained from several reports. Four explanatory variables including access to water, electricity, composite index of County Human Development Index (County HDI) and County Gini were used. Our dependent variable was migration intensity, measured by the Revised Weighted Net Migration Rate. Correlation and spatial regression analysis were performed to model the relationship between migration and inequality.  

Results: Findings revealed that migration had a non-linear relationship with income inequality, such that a change in one unit of migration intensity results in a 567 negative change in County Gini. The County Gini had the highest explanatory power in our model, although counties with high HDI tend to have higher migration intensities. Migration intensities in the country were not randomly distributed as we found evidence of spatial clustering with two key emergent hotspots, a high-high in the lake region and a low-low in the coastal region. Regions with low migration intensities correspond with higher poverty, implying that structural factors may explain the migration intensities in the country.  

Conclusions: The study highlights that the subnational income inequality reduces as migration intensifies. We conclude that migration has an equalizing effect on inequality as observed in some studies. Regions with high poverty tend to have lower migration intensity, implying that structural factors are important in influencing migration. Use of migration intensity and application of spatial analysis have improved our understanding of migration and inequality, and should be applied in future research.
RETRACTED: Effect of the solid retention time in the obtention of polyhydroxyalkanoates [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]
Authors: Calero Rolando , Martínez Manuel
Published: November 2021

At the request of the authors, the article titled "Effect of the solid retention time in the obtention of polyhydroxyalkanoates" [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]. F1000Research 2021, 10:864 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.28852.1) has been retracted from F1000Research.

Since publication of the article, the corresponding author has notified the Editorial team that this work was originally performed at University of A Coruña with the involvement of María C. Veiga and Christian Kennes, who were not notified regarding the submission of this manuscript or listed as authors. After discussion with all parties, including contact with the corresponding author’s institution, it was agreed that the article would be retracted in order to correct the academic record. As the article contains content which potentially should not have been made publicly available the content of the article has been removed. The authors apologise for this honest error.
Systematic review of topical interventions for the management of odour in patients with chronic wounds or malignant fungating wounds: a study protocol
Authors: Butler Karen , Vellinga Akke , Ivory John D. , Cunningham Stephen , Joshi Lokesh , Oommen Anup , Sezgin Duygu , Carr Peter , Gethin Georgina
Published: November 2021

Background: Chronic wounds including venous, arterial, diabetic and pressure ulcers affect up to 2.21 per 1000 population. Malignant fungating wounds affect up to 6.6% of oncology patients. These wounds impact patients and health care systems significantly. Microbes colonising chronic wounds can produce volatile molecules with unpleasant odours. Wound odour adversely affects quality of life, yet management strategies are inconsistent. Clinicians express uncertainty regarding the current range of odour management agents, which therefore requires evaluation for effectiveness.   

Objective: To determine the effects of topical agents in the management of odour in patients with chronic and malignant fungating wounds.

Methods: Searches of Embase, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the clinicaltrials.gov and WudracT trial registries from inception to present will be conducted without language limits. Randomised controlled trials including adults with venous, arterial, mixed arterio-venous, diabetic, decubitus or malignant fungating wounds, investigating topical agents to manage odour are eligible. Reference lists of included studies and identified systematic reviews will be scanned, and unpublished studies will be sought in the BASE database, in conference proceedings and through contacting authors. Two reviewers will independently scan titles/abstracts and full text articles against predetermined eligibility criteria, with discrepancies resolved by discussion between reviewers or through third-party intervention. Two reviewers will independently extract data from included studies. Disagreements will be resolved by discussion between reviewers or through third-party intervention. Bias risk and evidence quality will be assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2 and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) system. Meta-analysis will be applied where appropriate. Otherwise, data will be synthesised narratively.

Discussion: Wound odour management typically takes a trial-and-error approach. Clinicians are critical of odour management agent effectiveness. This review will evaluate the range of available agents to inform practice and research.

PROSPERO registration: CRD42021267668 (14/08/2021)
Protocol for the development of a core outcome set for evaluating mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson’s Disease and stroke
Authors: O'Malley Nicola , Coote Susan , Clifford Amanda M
Published: November 2021

Background: Given the high incidence of falls and their associated negative effects, the development of effective falls prevention interventions for people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and stroke is a priority. Currently the implementation of condition-specific falls prevention interventions is challenging in the community due to lack of participants and resources. Given the similarities in falls risk factors across stroke, PD and MS, the design of mixed-diagnosis interventions for groups comprising of people with these three neurological conditions may solve these implementation challenges. Having a core outcome set (COS) for evaluating these interventions would enable the comparison and combination of data, thereby facilitating progress in this research area. Therefore, the aim of this research study is to develop a COS for evaluating mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with MS, PD and stroke.

Methods: This will be a mixed-methods, international, multi-perspective Delphi consensus study with five stages. Stage one will involve the identification of potential outcomes through a systematic literature search, patient focus groups, and consultation with our Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) panel. The second stage will be the development of the Delphi survey using the outcomes elicited from stage one. Stage three will be the prioritisation of outcomes using a two-round online Delphi survey involving patients, clinicians, researchers and policy-makers/service-planners. The fourth stage will be to identify and recommend outcome measures and definitions. The final stage will be a consensus meeting with representatives from each stakeholder group to agree upon the final COS.

Discussion: Adoption of this COS in future trials investigating the effectiveness of mixed-diagnosis falls prevention interventions for people with MS, PD and stroke will facilitate the comparison and combination of research findings. This should translate into improved decision-making by service-planners/policy-makers and clinicians regarding the implementation of evidence-based falls prevention interventions into practice.
Hydrothermal carbonization as an alternative sanitation technology: process optimization and development of low-cost reactor
Authors: Chung Jae Wook , Gerner Gabriel , Ovsyannikova Ekaterina , Treichler Alexander , Baier Urs , Libra Judy , Krebs Rolf
Published: November 2021

Background: The provision of safe sanitation services is essential for human well-being and environmental integrity, but it is often lacking in less developed communities with insufficient financial and technical resources. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been suggested as an alternative sanitation technology, producing value-added products from faecal waste. We evaluated the HTC technology for raw human waste treatment in terms of resource recovery. In addition, we constructed and tested a low-cost HTC reactor for its technical feasibility.

Methods: Raw human faeces were hydrothermally treated in a mild severity range (≤ 200 °C and ≤ 1 hr). The total energy recovery was analysed from the energy input, higher heating value (HHV) of hydrochar and biomethane potential of process water. The nutrient contents were recovered through struvite precipitation employing process water and acid leachate from hydrochar ash. A bench-scale low-cost reactor (BLR) was developed using widely available materials and tested for human faeces treatment.

Results: The hydrochar had HHVs (23.2 - 25.2 MJ/kg) comparable to bituminous coal. The calorific value of hydrochar accounted for more than 90% of the total energy recovery. Around 78% of phosphorus in feedstock was retained in hydrochar ash, while 15% was in process water. 72% of the initial phosphorus can be recovered as struvite when deficient Mg and NH4 are supplemented. The experiments with BLR showed stable operation for faecal waste treatment with an energy efficiency comparable to a commercial reactor system.

Conclusions: This research presents a proof of concept for the hydrothermal treatment of faecal waste as an alternative sanitation technology, by providing a quantitative evaluation of the resource recovery of energy and nutrients. The experiments with the BLR demonstrate the technical feasibility of the low-cost reactor and support its further development on a larger scale to reach practical implementation.
The genome sequence of the painted lady, Vanessa cardui Linnaeus 1758
Authors: Lohse Konrad , Wright Charlotte , Talavera Gerard , García-Berro Aurora ,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: November 2021

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Vanessa cardui (the painted lady; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae). The genome sequence is 425 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the W and Z sex chromosome assembled. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 12,821 protein coding genes.
Direction change in a distal bypass graft due to increased collateral perfusion after the free flap transfer: a case report
Authors: Seo Dongkyung , Dannoura Yutaka , Ishii Riku , Tada Keisuke , Horiuchi Katsumi
Published: November 2021

Distal bypass combined with a free flap is a frequent surgical option for ischemic ulcers of the lower extremities. Here, we describe a patient in whom there was a change in the direction of blood flow in a distal bypass graft. A 68-year-old male patient with an ischemic ulcer on his left heel was referred to our facility by a local dermatology clinic. Surgical revascularization was performed between the popliteal artery and the dorsalis pedis artery using an ipsilateral great saphenous vein as the graft vessel. The wound site did not heal postoperatively, so it was covered using a free latissimus dorsi muscle flap. At the same time, the thoracodorsal artery was anastomosed to the bypass graft in an end-to-side manner to serve as a nutrient vessel. Initially, blood flow into the thoracodorsal artery from the bypass graft was via the popliteal artery. However, after occlusion of the proximal anastomotic site of the bypass graft, blood flow into the thoracodorsal artery from the bypass graft was via the dorsalis pedis artery, which was the distal anastomotic site. The change in direction of blood flow might have been the result of an increase in blood flow in the collateral vessels in the ischemic lower leg, which eventually overwhelmed the blood flow in the bypass graft.
Una broma muy seria
Authors: Husar-Poliszuk Wioletta
Published: November 2021

Satyryczna, wyimaginowana koncepcja utworzenia Tabarni w ostatnich latach zyskała na popularności nie tyle z powodu swojej użyteczności, ile z uwagi na fakt, iż obnaża napiętą sytuację społeczno-polityczną w Katalonii. Głównym celem artykułu nie jest zatem możliwość implementacji projektu, ale powody, dla których powstał, oraz jego implikacje. Ponadto podczas analizy skupiono się na znaczeniu koncepcji w kontekście procesu radykalizacji independentyzmu katalońskiego.
Święta Eulalia z Barcelony – początki kultu pierwszej patronki miasta
Authors: Zimnowodzka Anna
Published: November 2021

Święta Eulalia, męczennica z początku IV wieku, była pierwszą – i do XIII wieku jedyną – patronką Barcelony. Choć do jej szczątków, spoczywających dziś w poświęconej jej od IX wieku katedrze, do dziś przybywają pielgrzymi z różnych stron świata, jest to postać pod wieloma względami problematyczna. Źródła pisane są późne, a archeologiczne niejednoznaczne. Niniejszy artykuł, uwzględniający ponowną weryfikację tekstów źródłowych i wyników dotychczasowych badań archeologicznych, stanowi próbę uporządkowania informacji i włączenia się w trwającą od lat dyskusję badaczy na temat „prawdziwych” początków kultu Świętej Eulalii w Barcelonie.
Antibacterial properties of lauric acid in combination with organic acids against major pathogens causing dairy mastitis
Authors:   Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Pangprasit Noppason , Srithanasuwan Anyaphat ,   Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Suriyasathaporn Witaya ,   Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand and Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Chaisri Wasana ,   Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand and Research Center of Producing and Development of Products and Innovations for Animal Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial properties of lauric acid in combination with acetic acid and lactic acid against major dairy mastitis pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. The antibacterial effect of each acid and the acid mixtures was evaluated by their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) using broth microdilution method. The differences in, MIC and MBC values of lauric acid and acid mixtures for each pathogen were calculated by applying the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Turkey’s multiple-range tests were used for pairwise comparison. Results demonstrated that acetic acid had the highest inhibitory and bactericidal effect against all tested pathogens with the lowest MIC and MBC values of 0.125% and 0.25-1 %w/v, respectively. The mixture of lauric acid with acetic and lactic acid exhibited significant higher inhibitory and bactericidal effects by having the lower MIC and MBC values against all tested pathogens when compared with lauric acid alone (P < 0.05). In conclusion, acetic and lactic acid can enhance antibacterial properties of lauric acid against major mastitis pathogens.
Haemoparasites infection in bullfighting cattle in southern of Thailand
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University. Chulabhorn karoonyaraksa building, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand, Ngasaman Ruttayaporn , Keawchana Narissara ,   Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Sonkla University, Kanjanavanich road, Korhong, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand, Rakwong Pirayu ,   Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Sonkla University, Kanjanavanich road, Korhong, Hatyai, Songkhla, Thailand
Published: November 2021

Haemoparasites affect animal health and the production leading to economic losses and may have effects on human health. In Thailand, there are few reports of infections in the bullfighting cattle are for cultural fighting competitions. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the distribution of haemoparasites infection in bullfighting cattle in order to control the transmission of disease to the local domestic cattle. A total of 1906 blood samples were collected from the bullfighting cattle from eight provinces in southern Thailand from 2017 to 2020. Those cattle showed the clinical signs of gasping, pale mucous membrane, haematuria, anorexia, sneezing and weakness. Micro-haematocrit centrifugation and thin blood smears with Giemsa’s staining were used. The results indicated 42.50% (810/1906) of cases positive for haemoparasites infection. The most commonly found was Theileria spp. (38.20%, 728/1906) followed by microfilaria of Setaria spp. (2.68%, 51/1906), Trypanosoma spp. (1.21%, 23/1906), Babesia spp. (0.94%, 18/1906) and Anaplasma spp. (0.10%, 2/1906). Out of 810 positive samples, there was co-infection between Theileria spp. and Setaria spp. (1.36%, 11/810), Theileria spp. and Babesia spp. (0.99%, 8/810), and Theileria spp., Trypanosoma spp. and Setaria spp. (0.37%, 3/810). The distribution of haemoparasites infection in eight raising areas ranged from 39.71 to 75%, with no significantly differences. From this result is was determined that haemoparasites were of generalised distribution in southern Thailand. Therefore, there should be strict surveillance and control of movement of cattle into the fighting arena. Moreover, vector control and blood checking before fighting should be promoted.
A retrospective study of suspected pyometra causing systemic illness in 348 dogs
Authors:   Master’s Degree Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand, Rungphattanachaikul Surapa , Akatvipat Areerath ,   Department of Companion Animals and Wildlife Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand, Chuan Chia Michael Pheng ,   Hamilton Hill Veterinary Hospital, 10/1 Simms Road, Hamilton Hill, WA 6163, Australia, Na Lampang Kannika ,   Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand, Sthitmatee Nattawooti ,   Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
Published: November 2021

A retrospective study was used to investigate the prevalence, mortality rate, treatment outcomes, risk factors for death, and accompanying costs for canine pyometra cases reported in 2016 to 2018 from a single vet teaching hospital in Thailand. The prevalence of canine pyometra was 375 cases from 35,138 of canine outpatients (1.07%) with 348 cases undergoing surgery at the hospital. Mongrel dogs were most affected (37.33%) followed by Poodles (14.67%) and Shih Tzus (12.27%). The median age of pyometra cases was 7 years (range of 11 months to 16 years). The mortality rate was 10.63 % (37/ 348 dogs). Mortalities occurred in 3 dogs prior to surgery. Post-operative mortalities were reported in 24 dogs, and 10 dogs with undefined time periods. The main contributing mortality factor was uterine rupture (adjusted OR 7.38 (95% CI =2.73,19.93)). The cost of hospital treatment per case ranged between 93 to 939 United States Dollars. Surgical ovariohysterectomy is an effective treatment and preventative procedure for pyometra. Comprehensive and careful pre-operative and sufficient post-operative planning is recommended to improve treatment outcomes.
Prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in surgical practice and laboratory dog husbandry room environments at Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok Veterinary Hospital
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok. Chonburi 20110, Thailand., Nakbubpa Kulchai , Phattanakitjumroon Kunyavee ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok. Chonburi 20110, Thailand, Chukiatsiri Thitichaya ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok. Chonburi 20110, Thailand, Rommaneeyachitto Krittamet ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok. Chonburi 20110, Thailand, Jivarangsan Visuda ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok. Chonburi 20110, Thailand, Pornsukarom Suchawan ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok. Chonburi 20110, Thailand
Published: November 2021

Klebsiella pneumoniae is commonly found in environments, causing secondary infections in both human and animals, as well as antibiotic resistance problem. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of K. pneumoniae contaminated in the environments of surgical practice and laboratory dog husbandry rooms at Animal hospital, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok during 2019 - 2020. Two-hundred-swabbed samples were collected from these nearby environments and laboratory dogs themselves. Then, all samples were tested for K. pneumoniae and antibiotic susceptibility using disk diffusion method. From the results, the total prevalence was 3.5% and the high frequencies were found in three categories: laboratory dogs (35.7%), veterinarian belongings (3.3%) and building structure (2.5%). The antibiotic resistance was also detected including Cephalexin, Ceftazidime and Penicillin G (100%), Gentamicin and Colistin (85.71%), Amikacin (42.86%), and Ciprofloxacin (14.29%). Owning to the fact that laboratory dogs exposed to an external environment leading to bacterial contamination into themself and the husbandry room. Therefore, the hygiene of laboratory dogs and area in husbandry room should be primarily considered. Our study would be the preliminary baseline for the study of antibiotic resistant K. pneumoniae contamination in dogs, human, and their environments.
Multidrug-resistance and mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes of Salmonella isolates from pork in Thailand during 2014-2017: comparison between two different types of slaughterhouses and retails
Authors:   Interdisciplinary Veterinary Science, Graduate School, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Wongsrichai Supaporn , Phuektes Patchara ,   Division of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Jittimanee Suphattra ,   Division of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
Published: November 2021

Food-producing animals are the major reservoir for Salmonella infections in humans. Salmonella contamination and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes can occur during the production chain of animal products. The aims of this study were to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns and compare the proportions of multidrug resistance and the presence of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes, mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3, among Salmonella isolates which were recovered from pork at two different standard practice slaughterhouses and retails during 2014-2017 in Thailand. Salmonella isolates recovered from good standard practice slaughterhouses (GSH, n=75), below standard practice slaughterhouses (BSH, n=75), good standard practice retails (GRT, n=75) and below standard practice retails (BRT, n=75) were examined for their antimicrobial resistance patterns and the existence of mcr-1 to mcr-3 genes. Salmonella strains of the 4 origins showed similar resistance rates to almost all antimicrobial agents tested. BRT origin (33/75, 44%) had slightly higher proportion of MDR Salmonella than the others group with no statistical difference. Five MDR Salmonella isolates carrying the mcr-3 gene were detected among isolates of all origins, while only 4 isolates (1.33%) displayed colistin resistance phenotype (MIC 4-8 ug/mL). This study revealed that MDR Salmonella isolates have widely spread in both standard and low hygiene practice slaughterhouses and retails. This is the first report of mcr-3 positive MDR Salmonella isolates from pork in Thailand. Effective monitoring program in slaughterhouses and retails should be continually implemented to reduce the contamination of MDR Salmonella carrying the mcr gene to consumers.
Establishment of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in cyprinid fish
Authors:   Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Pikulkaew Surachai , Potibut Panyisa ,   Aquaculture Service Development and Research Team, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
Published: November 2021

The objective of this research was to establish loop-mediated isothermal amplifications (LAMP) that could be used to detect parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (I. multifiliis) in freshwater cyprinid fish. Primers were developed from the distinguishing fragments of 18S ribosomal RNA of I. multifiliis and the LAMP test was then used to evaluate and optimize various concentrations of chemicals, time and temperature. The results indicated that LAMP required 1.6 μM of FIP primers and BIP primers, 0.2 μM of F3 and B3, 2 mM of Mg2+, 1 M of Betaine, and 0.6 mM of dNTP. This assay was able to detect parasite DNA within a 40 min period of incubation and at a constant optimal temperature of 64oC. The positive sample appeared as a clear ladder like pattern on gel electrophoresis, while a yellowish green color appeared with SYBR Green I under ultraviolet light with the use of a heating block. The LAMP test was determined to be more sensitive than conventional PCR in the detection of I. multifiliis. In conclusion, we have presented a sensitive and specific rapid detection system for I. multifiliis based on isothermal DNA amplification. Importantly, this system could then be employed as an alternative and effective diagnostic method in place of other molecular techniques.
Cultivation of bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance in canine periapical tooth abscesses
Authors:   Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Chawnan Natcha , Na Lampang Kannika ,   Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Mektrirat Raktham ,   Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand,   Epidemiology Research Center of Infectious Disease, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Awaiwanont Nattakarn ,   Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Thongkorn Kriangkrai ,   Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
Published: November 2021

This research aimed to assess the occurrence of bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance in dogs presenting with canine periapical tooth abscesses. Sample swabs were performed on 45 dogs who had undergone dental surgery between January 2019 and August 2020 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Chiang Mai University. Samples were analyzed within 24 hours at Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Chiang Mai University to identify any bacterial species and to investigate their potential antimicrobial susceptibility according to CLSI guidelines. A high proportion of gram-negative and facultative species were identified. Out of the 17 species obtained, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.6 %) was determined to be the predominant species followed by Escherichia coli (15.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.5%), respectively. P. aeruginosa was highly resistant (100.0%) to ampicillin and clindamycin, while E. coli and K. pneumoniae were found to be highly resistant (100.0%) to clindamycin in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility. However, E. coli was more resistant to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, and norfloxacin than K. pneumoniae. When focusing on the resistance rates of all species, clindamycin exhibited the highest degree of resistance, followed by ampicillin and amoxicillin, respectively. Amoxicillin-clavulanate is an empirical antibiotic in our area that has exhibited a resistance rate of 48.7%. The outcomes of our study have suggested that fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside could be used to treat canine periapical tooth abscesses. However, the renal effect of these drugs must be considered. Importantly, antibiotic selection must depend upon the results of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests in order to reduce any potential antimicrobial resistance issues.
A lesson from our institute; Why do veterinary schools need an anatomy museum?
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand, Kongtueng Piyamat , Yotanyamaneewong Saengduean ,   Faculty of Humanities, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: November 2021

Anatomy has always been a key discipline in the field of veterinary medicine, as this fundamental scientific discipline offers vital foundational knowledge on how the structure of an organ relates to its function and health. It demonstrates how the three-dimensional structure of an organism relates to the physical diagnosis of a disease, as well as to help shed light on how surgical and medical approaches can be employed to treat various diseases. This review provides supportive evidence on the importance and usefulness of the anatomy museum located within our veterinary institute. Furthermore, our outcomes will encourage all veterinary schools to consider having their own on-site anatomy museum. From our experience, the practical usefulness of an anatomy museum can be divided into 4 categories that include the study of anatomy, the study of histology, elemental study, and social education. The samples housed in an anatomy museum can increase the publishing potential of all staff members of the parent institute, as well as to elevate the reputation and general recognition of the institute. Moreover, an anatomy museum can facilitate out-of-class learning opportunities for non-university educational facilities such as kindergartens, and primary or secondary schools.
Ultimate phase sensitivity in surface plasmon resonance sensors by tuning critical coupling with phase change materials
Authors: Berguiga Lotfi , Ferrier Lydie , Jamois Cécile , Benyattou Taha , Letartre Xavier , Cueff Sébastien
Published: November 2021

Surface plasmon resonance phase interrogation is assumed to be more sensitive than intensity or wavelength interrogation. We propose for the first time theoretical and numerical studies of the phase in surface plasmon resonance sensor and establish a quantitative relation between phase sensitivity and wavelength interrogation. We reveal the link between ultra-high phase sensitivity and critical coupling condition. However, reaching this condition requires a technically infeasible angstrom-level precision in the metal layer thickness. We propose a robust solution to overcome this limitation by coupling the SPR with a phase-change material (PCM) thin film. By exploiting the multilevel reconfigurable phase states of PCM, we theoretically demonstrate ultra-high phase sensitivities with a limit of detection as low as 10−10 refractive index unit (RIU). Such a PCM-assisted SPR sensor platform paves the way for unprecedented sensitivity sensors for the detection of trace amounts of low molecular weight species in biomedical sensing and environmental monitoring.
Fast tracking and imaging of a moving object with single-pixel imaging
Authors: Wu Jingjing , Hu Lifa , Wang Jicheng
Published: November 2021

Because of the low temporal resolution, it is difficult to imaging a moving object using single-pixel imaging. In previous studies, either the frame rate is limited, or the speed and direction is limited to constant. In this work, a fast tracking and imaging method for moving objects is proposed. By using cake-cutting order Hadamard illumination patterns and the TVAL3 algorithm, low-resolution images of each frame are obtained. The displacement is calculated via the cross-correlation between the low-resolution images, and the illumination patterns are modified according to the location results. Finally, a high-quality object image is obtained. This scheme is suitable for moving object imaging with varying speeds and directions. The simulation and experimental results prove that for a 128 × 128 pixels scene, the location and imaging can be realized when 30 samplings are performed for each time interval. We experimentally demonstrate that the proposed method can image a moving object with variational speed with a resolution of 128 × 128 pixels at a frame rate of 150 fps by using a 9 kHz digital micromirror device. The proposed scheme can be used for three-dimensional and long-distance moving object imaging.
Characterization of isotropic laser cooling for application in quantum sensing
Authors: Wang Xin , Sun Yuan , Liu Liang
Published: November 2021

Quantum sensing with cold atoms is attracting more and more attention in the research frontier of quantum technologies. Isotropic laser cooling serves as a promising platform for this area and its many advantages include compactness, robustness, and not requiring fine-tuning of the optical alignment or magnetic field, which are particularly suitable for field and space applications. We have designed and demonstrated a special form of isotropic laser cooling system that is specifically tailored for the purpose of quantum sensing. In particular, the diffused cooling optical field is generated by hollow laser beam injection and the quality of detection process is improved. Moreover, the effective strength of diffused cooling laser is quantitatively deduced. We have carefully characterized the properties of our system, including the laser cooling performances with respect to different parameter settings, the influences of cooling laser polarization and repumping laser power, and radial atom density distribution. We anticipate that our progress will contribute to the future development of isotropic laser cooling for quantum sensing and quantum precision measurements.
Turnkey generation of Kerr soliton microcombs on thin-film lithium niobate on insulator microresonators powered by the photorefractive effect
Authors: Lin Zongxing , Kang Zhe , Xu Peipeng , Tian Ye , He Sailing
Published: November 2021

Generation of Kerr soliton microcombs on microresonators enables power-efficient, phase-coherent, and broadband frequency teeth generation, which has revolutionized a wide range of scientific areas such as astronomy, metrology, spectroscopy, communications, etc. However, compared with a conventional frequency scanning method that requires a complex start-up and feedback control, turnkey generation of soliton microcombs remains challenging and a more promising solution is desired. Here, we propose for the first time and numerically demonstrate that turnkey generation of soliton microcombs can be achieved on thin-film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) microresonators for polarization along the ordinary axis of lithium niobate (LN) for which the photorefractive (PR) effect dominates. The PR effect shows power-dependent refractive index change, which is strong and opposite to that of the Kerr effect and thermal effect, thus enables the self-routing and converge of the total pump-resonator detuning into the existence region of soliton. Our results show that initiated with a certain amount of initial pump-resonator detuning on either blue- or red-detuned side, generation of soliton microcombs can self-start, self-route, and finally get stable without any artificial frequency scanning. Moreover, we show that deterministic and turnkey generation of single soliton microcombs can be achieved by leveraging a phase-modulated pump laser. Thanks to the inherent electro-optic effect of LNOI, a lab-on-a-chip device with monolithically integrated high-speed phase modulators and high-Q microresonators is feasible.
Designing transparent nanophotonic gratings for ultra-thin solar cells
Authors: Pearce Phoebe M. , Camarillo Abad Eduardo , Hirst Louise C.
Published: November 2021

Integration of a rear surface nanophotonic grating can increase photocurrent in ultra-thin solar cells. Transparent gratings formed of dielectric materials and high bandgap semiconductors can offer efficient diffraction with lower parasitic absorption than more widely studied metal/dielectric equivalents. In these systems, the maximum photocurrent which can be obtained for a grating made of a given combination of materials is shown to follow a simple empirical model based on the optical constants of these materials and independent of grating dimensions. The grating dimensions still require optimization in order to maximize the photocurrent for a given active layer thickness by balancing the effects of diffraction outside the front surface escape cone and the tuning of waveguide modes in long wavelength regions which are poorly absorbed in an ultra-thin film. The optimal grating pitch is shown to be of particular relevance for both effects, changing nonmonotonically as the absorber gets thicker in order to track favourable waveguide mode resonances at wavelengths near the absorber bandgap. These trends together with the empirical model for material selection drastically reduce the design space for highly efficient light trapping with transparent gratings.
Simultaneous detection of K, KOH, and KCl in flames and released from biomass using photofragmentation TDLAS
Authors: Thorin Emil , Zhang Kun , Valiev Damir , Schmidt Florian M.
Published: November 2021

Gaseous potassium (K) species released from biomass during thermochemical conversion pose challenges to reactors and human health. Photofragmentation tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (PF-TDLAS) was used for simultaneous, high-dynamic range measurements of atomic K, potassium hydroxide (KOH) and potassium chloride (KCl) in flat flames seeded with KCl salt. An expression for the PF-TDLAS signal is presented and experimentally verified. Axial K species concentration profiles recorded at fuel-air equivalence ratios of 0.8 and 1.3 are compared to 2D axisymmetric reacting flow simulations. An overall good agreement is found, but KOH is over-predicted in simulations of fuel-rich flames at the expense of atomic K. Quantification of K species close to softwood and wheat straw particles converted in the flames is demonstrated.
Microstructuring of the end-surface for silver halide polycrystalline fibers to suppress Fresnel reflection
Authors: Adomavičiũtė-Grabusovė Sonata , Hinkel Jonas , Usenov Iskander , Novikov Alexander S. , Sakharova Tatiana , Döhler Torsten , Geißler Ute , Feliksberger Elena , Artyushenko Viacheslav
Published: November 2021

Silver halide polycrystalline infrared fibers (PIR) have unique properties such as excellent transmittance in the spectral range from 3 to 17 µm, while also being highly flexible, non-toxic, and non-hygroscopic. They are used in industry and medicine for CO2-laser power delivery, flexible infrared imaging, and remote process spectroscopy. While PIR fibers possess a quite low attenuation (0.1-0.5 dB/m) in the 8-12 µm range, their total transmittance is limited by significant Fresnel reflections at the fiber end faces due to the high refractive index of silver halide (>2.1). Functionalization of these surfaces with specially designed Anti-Reflective Microstructures (ARMs) enables a striking enhancement of fiber transmittance. In this work, direct imprinting (or embossing) of microstructures to fiber ends and their profiling with a microstructured knife was applied to fabricate such ARMs. The resulting two-dimensional Moth-eye microstructures and one-dimensional microgrooves at the PIR-fiber ends enable to an increase of fiber transmittance in a broadband range of (5-17 µm) as well as to reach up to 20% improvement for PIR-fiber laser cables used for power delivery of CO2-lasers at 10.6 µm.
Desmoid tumor of the abdominal wall: Case report
Authors: Danilo Leite da Silva Rocha Kaio , Hugo Melo Carvalho Victor , Ivo Martins Cidade Pedro , Sávio Soares Macedo Allan , Fernandes Peixoto Furtado Maria Isabel , Carvalho Bezerra de Brito Vieira Lívia
Published: November 2021

Tumores desmoides extra-abdominais são uma condição rara causada pela proliferação de fibroblastos e baixo índice mitótico. O diagnóstico baseia-se na história clínica, exame físico, método de imagem, exame citopatológico e/ou histopatológico, além de imuno-histoquímica. É descrito um caso de tumor desmoide de grandes proporções localizado na parede abdominal em uma paciente de 18 anos, sem comorbidades que deu entrada no Hospital Regional do Cariri (HRC) com queixas de dores abdominais intensas, sangramento vaginal e dificuldade de evacuação. O estudo imuno-histoquímico revelou expressão nuclear para β-catenina, portanto, os achados foram consistentes com fibromatose do tipo desmoide. O tratamento cirúrgico consistiu na ressecção do tumor com margem segura. Seguiu-se o fechamento do defeito da parede abdominal com tela laminada flexível, e construção de neoumbigo. Houve boa recuperação e a evolução do caso será acompanhada de prevenção de recidiva.
 
Palavras-chave:  Fibromatose agressiva/cirurgia; Parede abdominal; fibromatose abdominal.