bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does integration of primary healthcare services improve healthcare delivery and outcomes?
Authors:   Unit for Health Policy and Systems Research, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad  Católica de Chile, Herrera Cristian , Oxman Andy ,   Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, Treweek Shaun ,   University of Aderdeen, United Kingdom.
Published: August 2022

Primary healthcare in many low- and middle-income countries is organised through vertical programmes for specific health problems such as tuberculosis control or childhood immunisation. Vertical programmes can help deliver particular technologies or services, but may lead to service duplication and fragmentation. To address such problems, the World Health Organization and other organizations promote integration, where inputs, delivery, management and organization of particular service functions are brought together. Integration may involve adding a service to an existing vertical programme or full integration of services within routine healthcare delivery.
Speech Substandards Rendering in the Russian Translations of the Middle of the 20th Century
Authors: Achkasov Andrei Valentinovich
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to generalize the practice of rendering speech substandards in the Russian translations of the middle of the 20th century in the context of a discussion between representatives of realistic and formally accurate translation. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the identification of the prevailing trends in the translation of speech substandards by representatives of different translation schools. As a result, it has been ascertained that the general tendency for rendering substandards is expressed in the use of the Russian colloquial-vernacular norm, regardless of the degree of expressiveness and systematic representation of the dialect or the vernacular in the original. This approach was consistent with the ideology aimed at purifying the language from vernacular and regional dialectisms.
Linguopragmatic Features of the Modern Literary Narrative by the Material of the Short Story “Scène” by A. Robbe-Grillet
Authors: Glazkova Anastasiia Victorovna , Chabykina Daria Stanislavovna
Published: August 2022

The study aims to identify the changes that have occurred in the literary narrative driven by the postmodern era. The paper explores the notion of “the narrative”, the classical approach to its definition, determines the specificity of the literary narrative, provides a scheme of its construction. The study is novel in that it identifies the pragmatic potential of the impact that the new type of the literary narrative with a number of specific features has on the reader in connection with a new concept of perception and construction of the text developed under the influence of postmodern and cinema theorists. As a result of the study conducted using the work “Scène” by the classic and “new type of writing” creator Alain Robbe-Grillet as an example, such pragmatic features of the modern literary narrative as the cinematic nature, openness of the text, the author’s cooperation with the reader are demonstrated at the linguistic level.
Goal Setting as a Psycholinguistic Mechanism and Its Implementation in the Modern English-Language Media Discourse
Authors: Guslyakova Alla Victorovna , Guslyakova Nina Ivanovna
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the research is to provide insight into the specifics of functioning of goal setting as a psycholinguistic mechanism in the construction of the English-language media discourse. Scientific novelty of the research lies in considering goal setting as a psycholinguistic mechanism that is an integral, strategically significant component of the functioning of the English-language media discourse determining the vector of its further evolution. As a result, it has been proved that the final “product” of a goal-shaping event is implemented in new mental attitudes, behavioural patterns, special emotional states and updated linguistic habits among the participants of media communication who are actively integrated in the English-language media discourse space.
Spelling Occasionalisms in Spanish Messengers and Social Networks
Authors: Davtian Iuliia Vladimirovna , Kryukova Elena Vladimirovna
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the degree of spelling occasionalisms usage in Spanish social networks and messengers and their influence on the generally accepted norm of Spanish writing. The scientific novelty lies in a classification of Spanish spelling occasionalisms in the Internet discursive space. As a result, the existence of two main types of spelling occasionalisms in the language of the Spanish Internet space has been proved: usualized abbreviations used to save language resources and author’s occasionalisms-graphons, which are the result of a search for expressive means in a message that is often limited in volume and response time.
System of Characters as a Way of Assessing the Events of the Spanish Civil War in Javier Сercas ’ Novel “Lord of All the Dead”
Authors: Ivanova Nina Vladimirovna , Nemtseva Ksenia Igorevna
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the types of assessing the Spanish Civil War events of 1936-1939 contained in the system of characters in Javier Сercas’ novel “Lord of All the Dead”. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time an attempt is made to analyse the system of characters in this novel as a way to assess the events of the civil war in Spain. As a result, it has been found that the characters of the older and middle generation groups demonstrate a similar multidimensional assessment of the civil war events containing somatic, emotional and rational components. The older generation is mainly characterized by somatic reactions caused by direct contact with the traumatic events of the past. Emotional and rational assessment is more vividly presented in the characters of the middle generation, while the object of assessment in this case is not the events of the civil war itself but attitude towards them in modern Spain.
Determining the Optimal Translation Strategy for H. G. Wells’ Novel “The Invisible Man”
Authors: Korshunova Elena Sergeevna
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the optimal translation strategy for H. G. Wells’ novel “The Invisible Man” based on a comparative analysis of expressive means and realia. The author examines the notions of translation adequacy and equivalence, translation norm. Scientific novelty of the study lies in assessing the quality of translations by the two translators D. L. Weiss and O. M. Solovyova, as a result of which the optimal translation variant has been identified. The researcher carried out a comparative analysis of translation transformations used to render stylistic figurative means and realia in the text of the novel. The translators employ such common translation methods as loan translation, transliteration, omission, transposition of lexical units and descriptive translation. As a result, it has been proved that D. L. Weiss’ translation strategy is the most optimal one, since it meets all the translation norms, conveys the writer’s idea and thoughts, emotionally influencing the reader.
The System of Pronunciation Culture Formation in Classes on Practical Phonetics of the English Language at a Pedagogical University
Authors: Mirzoeva Elena Yurevna
Published: August 2022

The paper represents the second stage of studying the issue of pronunciation culture formation in classes on practical phonetics of the English language for first-year students of a pedagogical university. The second stage of the study aims to find optimal ways to improve the methodology of teaching practical phonetics of the English language at university, taking into account a previously conducted diagnostic assessment of the biggest problem areas as pertaining to the level of students’ pronunciation culture formation. Scientific novelty of the study lies in developing and substantiating the feasibility of using the communicative principles of organising classes on practical phonetics of a foreign language at a pedagogical university and creating a system of tasks on their basis that contributes to improving the level of students’ pronunciation culture. As a result, it has been proved that the use of a special system of communicative tasks in classes on practical phonetics of the English language helps to increase the level of pronunciation culture among first-year students of a pedagogical university.
Originality of Twelve Apparitions of Archangel Michael according to Coptic Tradition
Authors: Frangulian Lilia Rubenovna
Published: August 2022

The aim of this article is to analyze a passage from a Coptic text about Archangel Michael and the Penitent thief, which recounts the twelve days of the year associated with the archangel’s participation in certain events. The classification of his apparitions allows us to divide them into three groups: ones of the Old Testament, of the New Testament and non-biblical. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comparative analysis of the event described in the Coptic text and the account of it in the Bible or in Coptic sources. The notes from the Copto-Arab Synaxarium have been also studied in terms of the coincidence/incidence of information about Archangel Michael on the marked day. Such a study has not been carried out so far. As a result, it has been proven that, firstly, the author most freely transmitted the Old Testament plots making certain changes in them. Secondly, the days of remembrance according to the Coptic text under study did not become official and their local nature can be assumed. Finally, the author of this Coptic text did not mention such an important subject as the victory of Archangel Michael over Satan, which may be due to his rejection of the veracity of this story.
Cultural Landscape in Uzheertu’s Story “Hunter’s Fate”
Authors: Khazankovich Yulia Gennadievna
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to identify, describe and interpret the landscape of the Evenki and Chinese cultures by the material of the story of the Evenki prose writer from China Uzheertu “Hunter’s Fate”. Within the framework of the article, the interdisciplinary concept “cultural landscape” in a literary text has been clarified, which refers to the world order as a projection of the author’s mental culture with a special system of value relations to the nature, man and society. Scientific novelty is determined by an interdisciplinary study of the “cultural landscape” by the material of fiction, in particular the national story, the introduction of the “small prose” of the Chinese Evenki literature as an object of study to the Russian literary criticism. As a result, the semantics, functions of the epigraph and title of the story have been revealed, an interpretation of the protagonist’s image and the main conflict of the work has been proposed, it has been concluded that the landscape of culture in Uzheertu’s story is determined by the worldview categories and ethno-reality of the Evenki and Chinese cultures.
Lexeme “Hans im Glück” and Its Functions in Discourse
Authors: Blokhina Elena Nikolaevna
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a linguoculturological description of the phrase “Hans im Glück” / “Hans the Lucky One”. The formation of the phraseological unit recorded in lexicographic sources is traced, and a comparison of the proposed meanings with the actual contexts of use is given. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the approach to the phrase under study as an ambivalent phenomenon that performs the functions of both a phraseological unit and a precedent name. As a result of the research, the structure of the semantic meaning of this boundary phenomenon is proposed taking into account the identified contradictions.
Figurative Content in the Structure of the SPRING Concept in the Evenk Linguoculture
Authors: Kuzmina Raisa Petrovna
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the particular qualities of the verbalization of the SPRING concept figurative features in the Evenks’ linguistic worldview. The article deals with the figurative features in the structure of the SPRING concept in the national worldview objectified in the form of conceptual metaphors and comparative constructions formed with the help of similarity and comparison formants. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time the cognitive features of one of the key concepts in the Evenk language speakers’ minds are singled out and described. As a result of the study, the figurative components of the SPRING concept differentiated by various cognitive features are identified and characterized, the predominant of which are vital, anthropomorphic and objective features. It is determined in the content of the figurative structure of the SPRING concept that in the ethnic vision of the world, the spring season is most often associated with youth and is expressed by conceptual temporal metaphors.
Lu Ji’s Life: With an Ink Brush and a Sword
Authors: Semenenko Ivan Ivanovich
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the main points, collisions and peculiarities of Lu Ji’s life path based on the analysis of biographical information about him in early sources. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive research of various aspects of Lu Ji’s biography contributing to the refinement of its periodization and deeper understanding of the poet’s works. All the fragments from biographies are also translated into Russian for the first time. As a result, the chronology of the stages and periodization of Lu Ji’s biography are clarified, the main collisions in it, their connection with the peculiarities of his worldview and creativity are identified, and associations between the principles of political technology and the poetics of the poet’s main work are revealed.
Features of Using the Arabic Letter Sīn
 to Represent Sounds of the Portuguese Language in Arabic-Portuguese Documents of the XVI Century
Authors: Tikhonova Oxana Viktorovna , Mazniak Maria Mikhailovna
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the study is to provide a systematic description of a linguistic phenomenon called “Portuguese Aljamiado” or “Portuguese Aljamia”. The paper is novel in that it is the first to consider this phenomenon from the perspective of the historical phonetics of the Portuguese language, in particular, the features of using the Arabic letter Sīn
 in Arabic-Portuguese documents. As a result, it has been shown that the letters Sīn
 and Ṣād <ṣ> are not always used to stand for the sounds represented by the Latin ç and c(i/e), as pointed out by the researcher of Arabic-Portuguese texts D. Lopes. The letter Sīn
 is also found to represent the sounds of the Portuguese language for which Latin s, as well as ss, x and ch stand. This leads to alternations with the letter Shīn <š>, which is commonly used in Portuguese documents to transliterate s, ss, x and ch.
Framing in Crisis Communication (Based on the US Government’s Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic)
Authors: Chepurnaya Alena Ivanovna
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study is to identify the main frames in the US administration’s response
to the COVID-19 pandemic. The article reveals the content of the notions of frame and framing and pre-sents the results of a quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the material selected for the study. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the research of the generic frames used by the officials and mem-bers of the US coronavirus task force in response to the pandemic based on the analysis of the lexeme fre-quency. As a result, it has been revealed that the main frames in the studied material are “medicine/
science”, “human interests”, “hope”, “ethnicisation”, “economic consequences” and “conflict”.
Key Areas of Reception of B. L. Riftin’s Research in China
Authors: Zhang Bing
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the study is to determine the key areas of reception of a unique academic approach in B. L. Riftin’s research by Chinese scholars. The study is novel in that it carries out the first-of-its-kind comprehensive analysis of B. L. Riftin’s research activities and their reflection in the academic works of Chinese scholars, which includes a wide scope and opportunities for further research in the field of sinology at the international level. As a result, the author has proved a close relationship between the B. L. Riftin’s sinological research and the academic works of his Chinese colleagues, has made the case for a high evaluation of his research activities by Chinese scholars based on the unique intercultural perspective and context of Chinese culture.
Cognitive Poetics and Cognitive Stylistics: Variation and Incorporation of the Terms. The Onset of Cognitive Poetics and Its Modification at the Turn of the Millennia
Authors: Malneva Ekaterina Yurievna
Published: August 2022

The study aims to provide a historical review of the onset and modification of a new philological discipline of an integrative type, i.e. cognitive poetics, also known as cognitive stylistics in some research. Scientific novelty lies in taking a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach to the interpretation of the term “poetics” (which is currently being analysed in the cognitive light); the science, as has been verified, follows in the footsteps of Aristotelian poetics, borrows certain tenets from the Russian Formalism school of thought and Structural Linguistics and achieves relative completion in the works of cognitive poeticians M. Freeman, P. Stockwell, J. Gavins, E. Semino and others at the turn of the century. As a result, it has been found that cognitive poeticians endeavour to conceive of the cognitive mechanisms that precede the formation of a literary text by the author, alongside the study of possible cognitive phenomena that, arguably, predefine the perception and interpretation of a given literary piece by another cognising mind, that of a reader.
Orthography of Old Spanish Texts in the Arabic Script (by the Examples of Proper Names from The Archive of Toledo’s Mozarabs of the XII-XIII Centuries)
Authors: Tikhonova Oxana Viktorovna , Iakushkina Ksenia Valerievna
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the research is to provide a systematic description of a linguistic phenomenon called “Mozarabic Aljamiado”. The research is novel in that it is the first in Russian Spanish studies to consider this phenomenon from the viewpoint of the historical phonetics of the Spanish language, in particular, the features of using the Arabic letters Tā’/Ṭā’, Kāf/Qāf in Spanish texts in the Arabic script. As a result, it has been shown that the alternations of the letters Tā’/Ṭā’, Kāf/Qāf in some cases reflect the process of consonant voicing in the intervocalic position.
Production of Red and Pink Ginger [ Alpinia purpurata (Viell.) K. Schum] in three municipalities of Tabasco, Mexico
Authors: Pérez Flores Julián , Mejía-Muñoz José Merced , López-Quiroga Asunción , Calderon-Bolaina Vinicio Calderon-Bolaina , Saldaña-Hernández María Isabel , Peña-Gutiérrez Ana María
Published: August 2022

Basic aspects of yield and production of ornamental horticulture are unknown in Tabasco, Mexico. Therefore, this study aim to evaluate the production of Red and Pink Ginger (Alpinia purpurata) flowers in the municipalities of Comalcalco, Centro and Teapa, Tabasco. The production was evaluated in six clumps per variety and per planting on each municipality. Quantitative production traits for flowers, commercial stems and clumps were assessed every two weeks for one year. Comalcalco had the highest production of Red and Pink Ginger stems and flowers per clump with 48.2 Red and 24.7 Pink commercial flowers. Both varieties concentrated about 23% of the commercial flower production in May. In Centro, Red and Pink Ginger commercial flowers were 11.9 and 12.5 per clump with 42.0% and 34.7% concentrated in May. In Teapa, the production of Red Ginger commercial flowers was 10.6 per clump per year with 34.8% of the production recorded in June.
Índice tecnológico de las unidades de producción de tomate en invernadero en Tlahuitoltepec, Oaxaca
Authors: Hernández-Ruíz Jesús , Espinosa-Trujillo Edgar , Míreles Arriaga Ana Isabel , Ruiz Nieto Jorge Eric
Published: August 2022

La producción de tomate en invernadero en la región Mixe de Oaxaca, en los últimos cuatro años comienza a tomar relevancia entre las actividades agrícolas, por lo cual el objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el índice tecnológico de las unidades de producción de tomate, para con base en este factor proponer una categorización. Se aplico una entrevista semiestructurada para recabar datos socioeconómicos y productivos. El análisis descriptivo y de percentiles de datos fue mediante el programa SPSS. La superficie total de invernadero en el área de estudio fue de 16950 m2, en promedio cada productor cuenta con 871 m2, con un rendimiento promedio de 2.97 kg/m2. El nivel tecnológico promedio fue de 0.56, en escala de cero a uno. Se identifico tres estratos de productores donde existe una relación entre el nivel tecnológico, ingreso, rendimiento y tamaño del invernadero. El 45% de los productores vende su tomate a una cooperativa el resto vende pequeños volúmenes en los mercado locales y regionales.
Efectos de los abonos orgánicos en el crecimiento de plantas de geranio y belén
Authors: Huerta Muñoz Elena , Cruz Hernández Javier
Published: August 2022

El procesamiento de estiércoles representa una alternativa viable para elaborar abonos orgánicos, no obstante, es necesario comprobar que son adecuados para el buen desarrollo de especies cultivadas. Se valoró el efecto de cuatro abonos orgánicos, uno comercial, dos compost y un lombricompost derivados de estiércol vacuno y ovino, aplicados proporciones de 75, 50 y 25 %, en el crecimiento y producción de plantas de geranio y belén. Se midió número de hojas, diámetro y longitud del tallo, crecimiento radicular, floración y materia seca, según la especie. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron mediante un Modelo Lineal General (GLM) y prueba de comparación de medias de Tukey (p<0.05). Se encontró que, en general, los tratamientos con lombricompost de estiércol vacuno, resultaron muy favorables para el desarrollo de ambas especies, por el contrario, el abono comercial y el compost de estiércol vacuno a dosis superiores al 50 % generaron efectos negativos.
Evaluación de recubrimientos biodegradables para la conservación en fresco de jitomate Kenton
Authors: Bautista-Baños Silvia , Rives-Castillo Selene C. H. , Ventura-Aguilar Rosa I. , Hernández-López Mónica
Published: August 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar recubrimientos comestibles biodegradables en la conservación de jitomates var. ‘Kenton’ de dos estados de madurez, en diferentes temperaturas. Se elaboraron recubrimientos de quitosano 1 % adicionados con aceite esencial de orégano (AEO) a 0.005, 0.01 y 0.03 % y cera de abeja 0.1 %. Se evalúo la producción de CO2, etileno, pérdida de peso, firmeza, SST, pH, acidez titulable, carotenoides, y determinaciones microbiológicas y sensoriales. En general, el mayor efecto se observó en los jitomates del estado de madurez rojo-maduro y con el recubrimiento con la concentración más alta (0.03 %) de AEO i.e. mayor firmeza, menor pérdida de peso, aumento de carotenoides, menor incidencia y severidad de microorganismos (hongos, levaduras y bacterias) y fitopatógenos, y mayor calidad sensorial respecto al aroma, color y sabor. Los principales géneros de hongos que se aislaron fueron Alternaria, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Geotrichum y Botrytis.
Grammatical Errors in Using Tenses Made by ESP Students
Authors: Fitri Arni , Suryani Nyayu Yayu
Published: August 2022

Sometimes the students of ESP or Non-English majoring error in using tenses. The low level of students' understanding of tense is one of the factors that greatly influences errors in making sentences. The objective of this research was to describe the students’ errors and its causes in using tenses. In this research, the writers used a qualitative method in a form of descriptive analysis (percentage) that included observation, collecting the students’ test, analyzing, and interpreting the data. For collecting the data, the researcher used test as the instrument. This research was conducted to 35 ESP students of Pharmaceutical Study Program of Institute of Health Science of Siti Khadijah Palembang. The result of the research showed that the percentage of the error made by 35 students as the samples in using tenses was 75%, consisted of the error of selection was 30%, the error of omission was 24% and error of ordering 21%. It means that the students of Pharmaceutical Study Program of Institute of Health Science of Siti Khadijah Palembang made error in using tense, because more than 70% of the students made error. The probable sources of the students’ error were interlanguage error and context in learning error, where 52% errors were caused by interlanguage.
The Elements of Multiculturalism in Dwilogi “Angin dari Tebing” by Clara Ng.
Authors: Alamsyah Zulfikar
Published: August 2022

This study discusses the values of multiculturalism contained in the dwilogi of "Angin Dari Tebing" by Clara Ng. This research aims to reveal the multiculturalism elements in Clara NG's dwilogi of “Angin Dari Tebing”. This research is based on the value theory of multiculturalism which Thobroni and Nurgiyantoro coined. The values of multiculturalism in the text are analyzed using Barthes' semiotic theory of connotation and denotation. The results of this study state that there are five values of multiculturalism contained in this dwillogi of children's stories: solidarity and brotherhood, gender equality, family values, a sense of contentment in life, and sharing and control of power. Of the five values, the values ​​of solidarity and brotherhood are described more by Clara. Each character with a different background has a high sense of tolerance and empathy so that no ethnocentrism can damage or negatively influence child readers. This study concludes that this book can be used as good reading material for children with good multiculturalism values. This book can teach about the importance of tolerance and mutual respect despite being in an environment with differences in race, ethnicity, religion, and language, as in Indonesia.
Gender Performativity as Asserted on Kate Chopin’s A Respectable Woman
Authors: Pujimahanani Cahyaningsih , Pasopati Rommel Utungga , Anasis Flora
Published: August 2022

Literature is colored with gender studies that emphasize female struggle through social construction. The understandings widen from equalities between male and female to how woman should define her self-identity. Identity through gender is not static at all, but dynamic through its process as examined by Judith Butler through her concept of gender performativity. A Respectable Woman is Kate Chopin’s short story that tells Mrs. Baroda who is disturbed with the presence of her husband’s friend, Gouvernail, at her home. She is tempted by him but she realizes that and leaves home. She returns home and speaks to her husband, Gaston that she has made up her mind and be ready if his friend will stay over again. Then, how is gender performativity asserted on Kate Chopin’s A Respectable Woman? Through qualitative method on cultural studies, this writing underlines the wife’s firm state for not being tempted as her own self-definition. It becomes usual for a woman to fall to other man, but the wife thinks differently. She is aware of being tempted and she avoids it. Her identity is not defined by common ideas or dictated by male dominations. She is herself with her own determination by being so earnest. In conclusion, the wife’s resolution to step back, to think, and to return to her husband is her approach to define her identity. This is in line with gender performativity that is stated in line with Chopin’s focus on female subjectivity.
Women’s Rebellion to Find Voices in Enola Holmes
Authors: Anggraini Aulia , Retnaningdya Pratiwi
Published: August 2022

Directed by Harry Bradbeer, Enola Holmes (2020) portrays a 16-year-old girl who searches for her mother who disappeared while fighting for women’s rights to vote. In this movie, Victorian women are bound by a law that forbids them from having the right to vote. This article aims to identify and describe women’s rebellion in their struggle for voices in the Victorian era.  Employing Bartlett's rebellious feminism within a feminist perspective of John Stuart Mill, the article analyses how Eudoria Holmes, a female character, undergoes dangerous ways in attempt to fight for women's rights to vote.  Using the script and cinematographical elements, the film analysis reveals that Eudoria Holmes rebels against the values of Victorian society on three levels: individual, familial, and societal. Becoming an independent and courageous mother, she plants the seeds of rebellion to her daughter, Enola Holmes. Moreover, Eudoria also establishes a secretive women’s circle to build solidarity with the purposes of social and political activism in the form of women's suffrage campaigns.
Deixis Analysis on Joe Biden’s Speech “Remarks on Afghanistan”
Authors: Khofiyaa Nidaan , Silalahi Pininta Veronika
Published: August 2022

In communication, a speaker sometime uses language features which to point or indicate objects, places, persons, times, and text passages in a specific context. This language features are called deixis or deictic expression. The aim of this study is to find out and describe what kind of deixis and reference used by Joe Biden in his speech. In conducting the study, the researcher conducts the descriptive qualitative method because the result and discussion of this study is presented in a word and descriptive form and focused on quality of the researcher’s interpretation. This study applied the classification of deixis by Stephen C. Levinson (1983). There are 203 words of person deixis, 54 data of place deixis, 45 data of time deixis, 12 data of social deixis, and 31 data od discourse deixis. The result show that person deixis is mostly use by Joe Biden in his speech. This implies that the speech is considered as important so that the speaker express himself as the president as the center of the speech. The result show that the speech by Joe Biden is not only contains of deixis, but it also contains of reference. The result show that there are two types of reference in Joe Biden’s speech, namely Personal reference and demonstrative reference. This study also applied the theory of reference by Halliday and Hasan (1976). This implies that the speech is not only attract people to understand of what, who, when, and where the speaker means, but the speech is also considered as a text and meaningful.
DISSENSUS: UPAYA UNTUK MENGHADIRKAN PRAKTIK SASTRA DAN BUDAYA YANG LEBIH DEMOKRATIS
Authors: Hari Murti Ghanesya , Suharsono Degita Danur
Published: August 2022

Ranciere is a political thinker who wants to give a spirit of optimism in citizenship equality. This spirit sparks in his view of democracy which he emphasizes not in consensus but dissensus. This means that democracy focuces more on disagreement rather than agreement of the winner in electoral vote because for him democracy should instead focus on votes that were not won. This is an ethical question why those who are marginalized are not accomodated. Only by dissensus, appropriateness and distribution of socio-cultural roles always be transformative and dynamic. In literary works, marginalized voices are important because it is locus of conflict This means that there are undemocratic nuances in literary works which are also the main issue. On the other hand, this also proves that democracy is a struggle that is never final because there is no absolute victory, that is, it is impossible to win votes in total. Hence, there is always a reason why there are votes that are not won? As a result, the consensus of winners is constantly questioned through dissensus since there is disagreement, or reconsideration for the sake of conditions for equitable distribution of justice. Ranciere traces all the problems of democracy not only in the world of politics but also in culture and even literature, which is indeed is full of discrimination that perpetuates the social hierarchy. Thus, this paper wants to provide a conceptual framework for democratization practices in the literary and cultural space by referring to Ranciere's thoughts in order to prevent works not only good representations but also questioned majority-based truth.
HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES OF BLYTON’S THE FAMOUS FIVE
Authors: Fauziah Nurul , Harits Imron Wakhid
Published: August 2022

This article examines the historical and social perspectives in children literature of three series of Blyton’s The Famous Five. The objective of this study is, to explain the historical context and social perspectives of the three series novel of The Famous Five. This study used qualitative method to collect, select and analyze the data. The data of this study is three series of novel The Famous Five by Enid Blyton. This study used document analysis as the process of collecting data in this research. The writer collected the data using some notes and online news as the instrument to get the data. The theory used in this study is historical and social approaches in children literature by Jack Zipes. The study found some historical aspects and social elements in the novel. The result of this study showed that (1) there are twelve historical aspects dealing with place, event, and artifact. (2) there are four social elements dealing with economic condition, gender equality, tradition, and culture. The historical aspects and social elements of Blyton’s The Famous Five are depicted in the form of conversation and paragraphs. Based on the result of this study, the writer concludes that Blyton’s background influences the process of the historical aspects and social elements which are depicted in the three series of Blyton’s The Famous Five.
ROY EBERHARDT’S ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP IN CARL HIAASEN'S HOOT
Authors: Bahroen Ichsan , Hartanto Erika Citra Sari
Published: August 2022

This study aims to describe the main character’s attitude to nature and it influences to his environmental stewardship in Carl Hiaasen’s novel Hoot. Deep Ecology theory by Bill Devall and George Sessions is applied in this study in studying the attitude of Roy Eberhardt to his environment and how it affects his environmental stewardship.

This study used qualitative research as a method to analyze the data. The data of this study are Roy Eberhardt’s utterances, behavior, action and author’s narration in the novel. There are some conclusions based on the study; 1) Roy attitude’s toward nature are active and positive. It causes Roy to feel responsible to the preservation of environment around him like how he tries to save the owls. 2) Roy’s attitude that thought any creatures have the same right to life makes him to take non-violence action to save the nature. The attitude influences Roy to take peaceful actions to stop the owls’ nest destroyed by the industry.
PENINGKATAN PROFESIONALISME GURU MELALUI PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS
Authors: Winarno Winarno , Fitriawati Fitriawati
Published: August 2022

Sebagian besar guru bahasa Inggris SMP di Tarakan mengalami kesulitan dalam menghasilkan karya ilmiah seperti penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Karya tulis ilmiah merupakan salah satu syarat yang harus dipenuhi oleh para guru ketika guru tersebut hendak mengajukan kenaikan pangkat, seperti dari golongan IV/a ke IV/b. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk mengembangkan kompetensi guru bahasa Inggris SMP di Tarakan dalam melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas. Workshop ini memberikan manfaat bagi guru Bahasa Inggris SMP dalam mengatasi permasalahan dalam menyusun Karya Tulis Ilmiah (PTK) yang digunakan untuk memenuhi syarat kenaikan pangkat dan meningkatkan profesionalisme guru Bahasa Inggris. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah guru Bahasa Inggris SMP di Tarakan yang tergabung dalam forum guru mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Workshop PTK dilaksanakan selama tiga hari di ruang pertemuan SMPN 1 Tarakan. Pelatihan dan bimbingan dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan program. Para guru bahasa Inggris dilatih dan dibimbing bagaimana melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas. Hasil dari program tersebut guru bahasa Inggris mampu melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas.
DETERMINAN STRESS PADA DOKTER YANG MENANGANI PASIEN COVID 19 DI RUMAH SAKIT MURNI TEGUH
Authors: Purwana Purwana , Rochadi R. Kintoko , Sitorus Mido Ester J. , Nababan Donal , Silitonga Evawani Martalena , Pane Masdalina
Published: August 2022

Occupations related to hospitals or health have a high tendency to be exposed to work stress or depression. Work stress becomes a risk to the health and safety of workers when the work carried out exceeds the capacity, resources and abilities of workers for a long time. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of stress on doctors at Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan in 2021. This study used a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all doctors at the 2021 Hospital, totaling 85 people. The number of samples is 46 people. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to respondents. Data analysis consisted of univariate analysis, bivariate with Chi Square test, multivariate with Logistic Regression test. The results showed that there was a relationship between workload (p= 0.002; PR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.254 â€“ 4.844), fatigue (p= 0.010; OR = 2.3; 95%CI 1.108-4.870) on the incidence of work stress. to the hospital doctor. While the interaction variables with superiors (p = 0.282; PR = 1.3; 95%CI 0.906-2.077), interaction with coworkers (p = 0.078; PR = 1.6; 95%CI 0.152 â€“ 2.411), job security ( p = 0.516; PR = 1.3; 95% CI 0.829-1.962) on work stress on doctors. The dominant variable related to the incidence of work stress in doctors is the workload variable (p = 0.004; PR = 9.4; 95%CI 2.032-43.854), meaning that doctors who have a high workload have 9.4 times the tendency to experience abnormal stress compared to doctors who have a high workload. with low workload. Thus, it is hoped that the hospital will pay attention to the workload of doctors so that doctors can provide good service and comfort to patients who visit the hospital.
IMPLEMENTASI PENCEGAHAN DAN PENGENDALIAN PENULARAN VIRUS SAR-COV-2 PADA KEGIATAN PERTAMBANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Manullang Herna Rosalin , Modjo Robiana , Gaol Alex  Sander Lumban
Published: August 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan virus SARS-CoV-2 yang dideklarasikan sebagai pandemi pada tanggal 11 Maret 2021, sehingga merubah standar pola hidup (new normal life) secara global. Kegiatan pertambangan meliputi tahapan kegiatan penyelidikan umum, eksplorasi, studi kelayakan, konstruksi, penambangan, pengolahan dan/atau pemurnian, pengangkutan dan penjualan serta pascatambang dengan penyerapan tenaga kerja yang tinggi baik lokal dan tenaga kerja asing, area kegiatan yang tersebar di seluruh Indonesia dan terpencil (remote area) dan sistem kerja shift atau rotasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi pencegahan dan pengendalian penularan virus SAR-CoV-2 pada kegiatan pertambangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif denganÂ  menggunakan data skunder sebagai sumber data utama. Â Subyek penelitian perusahaan pertambangan sebanyak 5.542 perusahaan dengan 83 izin (1,50%) perusahaan PKP2B, 32 izin (0,58%) perusahaan KK, 10 izin (0,18%) perusahaan IUPK, 5.399 izin (97,42%) perusahaan IUP, sedangkan 18 izin (0,32%) perusahaan IPR yang dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2020 sampai dengan 18 Oktober 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanÂ  pekerja tambang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19 sebanyak 37.173 orang dengan persentase kesembuhan 98,07%. CFR pertambangan mineral dan batubara sebesar 0,46% lebih kecil dari CFR Indonesia. Â Pengelolaan pencegahan dan pengendalian penyebaran virus SARS-CoV-2 dilakukan dengan cara sinergi antara Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral dan Batubara melalui Direktorat Jenderal Mineral dan Batubara dengan perusahaan pertambangan dan harus dilaksanakan secara disiplin serta pelaksanaan program promosi dan preventif kesehatan kerja harus dapat mengindetifikasi penularan virus SAR CoV-2 untuk menghindari adanya cluster baru.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMAKAIAN KONTRASEPSI IMPLANT DI PUSKESMAS SIMPANG RAMBUTAN
Authors: Suryani Suryani , Rahmawati Eka
Published: August 2022

Contraception is an attempt to space pregnancies or plan the number and spacing of pregnancies using contraceptive methods. Implant is a contraceptive device in the form of a small capsule containing the hormone lovonorgestril which is placed under the skin of the inner upper arm. The formulation of the problem in this study was to determine the relationship between Fear of Side Effects, Access to Service Facilities, and Husband's Support with the use of Implant Contraception at the Simpang Rambutan Health Center, Banyuasin Regency in 2021. The research design that will be used in this study is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional approach. The research was carried out in the work area of â€‹â€‹the Simpang Rambutan Health Center in July-August 2021 with a sample of 32 respondents. The analysis used is the che square test. Univariate analysis results show that of the 33 respondents most of the respondents did not use implant contraceptives, which amounted to 19 respondents (59.4%) and 13 respondents (40.6%). The results of the chi-square statistical test obtained value = 0.011 for the variable fear of side effects, p value = 0.000 for access to health services, p value = 0.002 for husband's support. shows that there is a significant relationship between fear of side effects, husband's support and access to health services with the use of implant contraceptives at the Simpang Rambutan Health Center, Banyuasin Regency in 2021. The suggestions in this study are that it can be used as study material for the puskesmas in order to increase the coverage of implant contraceptive participants. especially in the work area of â€‹â€‹the Simpang Rambutan Health Center, Banyuasin Regency.
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KeywordsÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  : Implant Contraception, Access to Health Services, Husband's Support.
DINAMIKA DUKUNGAN SOSIAL PADA PEREMPUAN POSITIF HIV/AIDS
Authors: Silubun Theressa Avelia , Abdillah Rijal
Published: August 2022

Someone who has HIV/AIDS will have the HIV/AIDS virus all his life so that it becomes a deadly disease. This situation certainly shapes peopleâ€™s behavior towards people with HIV/AIDS (ODHA) which has an impact on the psychological. ODHA will tend to hide their status, feel isolated, unneeded, have no shelter, and have suicidal thoughts. Therefore, to reduce these negative risks, support from various parties especially families in treatment and care so that those with HIV/AIDS are able to endure their lives with enthusiasm. This study intends to exploration the dynamics of social support for HIV/AIDS positive women.  The purpose of this research is to answer one questions. How are the dynamics of social support for HIV/AIDS positive women. By using data research through purpossive sampling and using phenomenological approach as part of analyzing data for two of research subjects and two sources, the researcher reaches some conclusions. First, there are emotional support from the closest person who is willing to listen and understand without prejudice and differentiation. Second, appreciation support that makes the subject feel valuable and feel safe. Third, instrumental support such as subsidizing drug costs. Fourth, information support related to HIV / AIDS. Fifth, peer group support obtained from fellow people with HIV/AIDS.

Keywords: Social Support, HIV/AIDS
HUBUNGAN ANTARA ASPEK PSIKOSOSIAL DENGAN KELELAHAN MULTIDIMENSI AKIBAT KERJA PADA PEKERJA MIGAS PT.X SELAMA PENDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Shofi Makhrus , Erwandi Dadan
Published: August 2022

The relationship between fatigue and psychosocial aspects in the upstream oil and gas industry is still relatively not widely studied. Since end of 2019, there have been several policies related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which impact to the psychological aspects of the workers in response to those unexpected changing situations. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between psychosocial aspects and the multidimensional work-related fatigue both onshore and offshore upstream oil and gas during the 2020-2021 Covid-19 pandemic. This study is a quantitative analytic study with a cross sectional study design. This study was conducted at one of the upstream oil and gas in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Psychosocial aspects were measured by using the 3rd Version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III) questionnaire, whilst work-related fatigue was measured by using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (MFI-20). Multivariable Linear Regression analysis was used to examine the associations and interactions. The result of study revealed all satisfaction subscales of psychosocial aspects were perceived as good (high level) by workers. Meanwhile dissatisfaction subscales were at medium level during the COVID-19 pandemic. The work-related fatigue tended to be at low level. After the confounding variables were controlled, the Recognition, Job Satisfaction and Work Life Conflict aspects were found to have association with total fatigue in Onshore, whereas the job satisfaction is the only psychosocial aspect that is related to the total fatigue in offshore area. Company is encouraged to concentrate the future fatigue prevention programs particularly on reducing the Work Life Conflicts and developing proactive measures which may improve the meaning of satisfaction at work.
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KeywordsÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  : COPSOQ, MFI-20, Fatigue, Psychosocial, COVID-19, Upstream Oil and Gas
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN RENDAHNYA PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI DALAM RAHIM DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PANTOLOAN KECAMATAN TAWAELI KOTA PALU TAHUN 2015
Authors: Nuraiman Nuraiman , Elfina Elfina , Wahyuni Rizqy
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the relationship between age and knowledge with low IUD use in the Pantoloan Health Center, Tawaeli District,. The research design used an analytical survey with a Cross Sectional Study approach. The population is all active family planning acceptors in the Pantoloan . The sample is 43 people using the Slovin formula, the sample is selected using the simple random sampling method where the sample is taken by drawing a sample. Collecting data through interviews using a questionnaire. Data analysis was in the form of univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square Statistical Test = 0.05 and presented in the form of a frequency distribution table and analysis. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was no relationship between age and low IUD use in the Pantoloan Public Health Center, Tawaeli District, Palu Â (p.value = 0.376>0.05), and there is a relationship between knowledge and the low use of IUDs in the Pantoloan Health Center Work Area, Tawaeli District, Palu (p.value = 0.027 <0.05). Conclusions in this study There is no relationship with the low use of IUDs in the Pantoloan Health Center Work Area, Tawaeli District, Palu Â and there is a relationship between knowledge in the Pantoloan Health Center Work Area, Tawaeli District Kota Palu.
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KeywordsÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  : IUD, Age and Knowledge.