bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Особливості лікування вертеброгенного больового синдрому
Authors: Klymenko O. V. , Belska I. V.
Published: November 2023

У статті наведено результати вивчення патогенетичних особливостей формування болю в спині при вертеброгенній патології хребта, а також порушень при цьому життєдіяльності хворих. Обгрунтовано застосування терапії з використанням стандартної схеми лікування і комплексного комбінованого метаболічного препарату Кокарніт.
Вплив квінаприлу в комбінації з ангіоліном на компоненти сполучної тканини щурів при експериментальній гіпертензії
Authors: Nagorna O. O. , Magomedov S. , Gorchakova N. O. , Belenichev I. F. , Chekman I. S. , Kuzub T. A.
Published: November 2023

Одним з найактивніших інгібіторів ангіотензиперетворюючого ферменту (ІАПФ) є квінаприл, високо споріднений до тканинного АПФ, він поліпшує ендотелійзалежну вазодилатацію, виявляє широку терапевтичну дію та позитивно впливає на серцевий ритм. Новою біологічно активною сполукою з антиоксидантною дією, що також має ендотелійпротекторну, кардіопротекторну, протиішемічну активністю, є ангіолін. При експериментальній артеріальній гіпертензії в сироватці крові тварин підвищується активність колагенази, вміст вільної і протеїнзв’язаної фракцій гідроксипроліну та показники, що відображають метаболізм глікозаміногліканів (ГАГ). Ангіолін підвищує активність колагенази, вміст вільної та протеїнзв’язаної фракцій гідроксипроліну порівняно з контролем. Концентрація ГАГ також вища від показників норми. Квінаприл має подібну ангіоліну спрямованість дії щодо компонентів сполучної тканини, хоча і поступається за впливом на протеїнів’язану фракцію гідроксипроліну. Поєднане застосування квінаприлу з ангіоліном найбільш ефективно впливає на стабілізацію метаболічних процесів в експериментальних тварин.
Вплив адеметіоніну на енергетичний обмін, прооксидантноантиоксидантну систему в печінці, міокарді та головному мозку щурів при дихлоретановому гепатиті
Authors: Pogotova G. A.
Published: November 2023

При дихлоретановому токсичному гепатиті відмічаються негативні зміни в енергетичному обміні й прооксидантно-антиоксидантній системі не тільки в печінці, але й у міокарді та головному мозку щурів. При цій патології має місце активація оксидативного стресу з пошкодженням клітин органів-мішеней за вільнорадикальним механізмом з порушенням енергетичного обміну. Гепатопротектор адеметіонін відновлює енергетичний обмін, функцію антиоксидантної системи та окисної модифікації білка при дихлоретановому токсичному гепатиті не тільки в гепатоцитах, але й у міокарді та головному мозку щурів.
Localized focal cortical dysplasia type II: seizure freedom with lesionectomy guided by MRI and FDG-PET
Authors: Usui Naotaka , Kondo Akihiko , Matsuda Kazumi , Ogawa Hiroshi , Nishida Takuji , Tokumoto Kentaro , Kawaguchi Norihiko , Matsudaira Takashi , Araki Yasukiyo , Fukuoka Masataka , Omatsu Hirowo , Otani Hideyuki , Yamaguchi Tokito , Imai Katsumi , Takahashi Yukitoshi
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

The authors perform thorough, noninvasive presurgical evaluations for intractable epilepsy at their center and avoid unnecessary intracranial EEG when possible. The purpose of this study was to clarify the appropriateness of their lesion-oriented surgical strategy for localized focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type II.

METHODS

Fifty-one patients with pathologically proven localized FCD type II who were followed for at least 1 year after surgery were included. Patients with FCD type II with lobar or multilobar distribution were excluded. The results of presurgical evaluations, including thin-slice 3-T MRI, FDG-PET, and ictal SPECT, as well as surgical procedures and postoperative seizure and functional outcomes, were examined retrospectively.

RESULTS

MRI was positive in 46 (90%) of 51 patients, and FDG-PET revealed localized hypo- or hypermetabolism in 47 (92%) of 51 patients. Ictal SPECT revealed concordant hyperperfusion in 37 of 42 patients examined. Intracranial EEG was used in only 13 patients (25%), including 5 with negative MRI results and 4 with subtle MRI findings. Of the 15 patients with FCD in the vicinity of eloquent (sensorimotor and language) areas, intracranial EEG was used in 4. Lesionectomy was performed in all 51 patients. Intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) was performed in 8 patients, but the findings were not used to tailor the extent of resection. Postoperative seizure outcomes were Engel class I in 47 patients (92%) and Ia in 45 (88%). In the 15 patients with FCD in the vicinity of eloquent areas, 13 (87%) achieved a class I outcome. Predictive factors for favorable seizure outcome were complete resection of the MRI lesion (p = 0.006) and frontal lobe surgery (p = 0.012). Postoperative neurological deficits were noted in only 4 (27%) of 15 patients with FCD in the vicinity of eloquent areas. All 5 MRI-negative patients achieved an Engel class I outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

In most of the patients with localized FCD type II, MRI and/or FDG-PET detected the localized abnormality. Lesionectomy without intracranial EEG led to seizure freedom in most cases. Even when lesions were in the vicinity of eloquent areas, seizure and functional outcomes were favorable. Intraoperative ECoG may thus be unnecessary. Complete resection of the lesion is essential for favorable seizure outcome in MRI-positive patients. In MRI-negative patients, surgery with intracranial EEG guided by FDG-PET provided seizure-free outcomes.
A novel high-precision fiber tractography for nuclear localization in transcranial magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound surgery: a pilot study
Authors: Hori Hiroki , Taira Takaomi , Abe Keiichi , Hori Tomokatsu
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

In transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound (TcMRgFUS), fiber tractography using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been proposed as a direct method to identify the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim), the ventral caudal nucleus (Vc), and the pyramidal tract (PT). However, the limitations of the DTI algorithm affect the accuracy of visualizing anatomical structures due to its low-quality fiber tractography, whereas the application of the generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI) algorithm enables the visualization of high-quality fiber tracts, offering detailed insights into the spatial distribution of motor cortex fibers. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the usefulness of high-precision fiber tractography using the GQI algorithm as a planning image in TcMRgFUS to achieve favorable clinical outcomes.

METHODS

This study included 20 patients who underwent TcMRgFUS. The Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor (CRST) scores and MR images were evaluated pretreatment and at 24 hours and 3–6 months after treatment. Cases were classified based on the presence and adversity of adverse events (AEs): no AEs, mild AEs without additional treatment, and severe AEs requiring prolonged hospitalization. Fiber tractography of the Vim, Vc, and PT was visualized using the DTI and GQI algorithm. The overlapping volume between Vim fibers and the lesion was measured, and correlation analysis was performed. The relationship between AEs and the overlapping volume of the Vc and PT fibers within the lesions was examined. The cutoff value to achieve a favorable clinical outcome and avoid AEs was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

RESULTS

All patients showed improvement in tremors 24 hours after treatment, with 3 patients experiencing mild AEs and 1 patient experiencing severe AEs. At the 3- to 6-month follow-up, 5 patients experienced recurrence, and 2 patients had persistent mild AEs. Although fiber visualization in the motor cortex using the DTI algorithm was insufficient, the GQI algorithm enabled the visualization of significantly higher-quality fibers. A strong correlation was observed between the overlapping volume that intersects the lesion and Vim fibers and the degree of tremor improvement (r = 0.72). Higher overlapping volumes of Vc and PT within the lesion were associated with an increased likelihood of AEs (p < 0.05); the cutoff volume of Vim fibers within the lesion for a favorable clinical outcome was 401 mm3, while the volume of Vc and PT within the lesion to avoid AEs was 99 mm3.

CONCLUSIONS

This pilot study suggests that incorporating the high-precision GQI algorithm for fiber tractography as a planning imaging technique for TcMRgFUS has the potential to enhance targeting precision and achieve favorable clinical outcomes.
Validation of age-adjusted pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis and lordosis distribution index for assessing adjacent-segment disease after short-level lumbar fusion surgery: minimum 5 years of follow-up
Authors: Wang Muyi , Zhou Ruikai , Wang Xin , Wu Jingbin , Shen Yifei , Qiu Yong , Sun Xu , Zhou Dong
Published: November 2023

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sagittal alignment according to age-adjusted pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis (PI-LL) and lordosis distribution index (LDI) on the occurrence of adjacent-segment disease (ASD) after lumbar fusion surgery.

METHODS

This study retrospectively reviewed 234 consecutive patients with lumbar degenerative diseases who underwent 1- or 2-level lumbar fusion surgery. Demographic and radiographic (preoperative and 3-month postoperative) data were collected and compared between ASD and non-ASD groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate adjusted associations between potential variables and ASD development. A subanalysis was further conducted to assess their relationships in the range of different PI values.

RESULTS

With a mean follow-up duration of 70.6 months (range 60–121 months), 118 patients (50.4%) were diagnosed as having cranial radiological ASD. Univariate analyses showed that older age, 2-level fusion, worse preoperative pelvic tilt and LL, lower pre- and postoperative LDI, and more improvement in sagittal vertical axis were significantly correlated with the occurrence of ASD. No significant differences in the PI-LL and age-adjusted PI-LL (offset) were detected between ASD and non-ASD groups. Multivariate analysis identified postoperative LDI (OR 0.971, 95% CI 0.953–0.989, p = 0.002); 2-level fusion (OR 3.477, 95% CI 1.964–6.157, p < 0.001); and improvement of sagittal vertical axis (OR 0.992, 95% CI 0.985–0.998, p = 0.039) as the independent variables for predicting the occurrence of ASD. When stratified by PI, LDI was identified as an independent risk factor in the groups with low and average PI. Lower segmental lordosis (OR 0.841, 95% CI 0.742–0.954, p = 0.007) could significantly increase the incidence of ASD in the patients with high LDI.

CONCLUSIONS

Age-adjusted PI-LL may have limited ability to predict the development of ASD. LDI could exert an important effect on diagnosing the occurrence of ASD in the cases with low and average PI, but segmental lordosis was a more significant risk factor than LDI in individuals with high PI.
MEDIA CONSUMPTION HABIT AMONG STUDENTS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC BAUCHI NIGERIA
Authors: Abdullahi Abdulkadir
Published: November 2023

The aimed of the study is to examine the preferences and behaviors of young individual concerning media usage among the student of federal polytechnic Bauchi. I sought to determine the types of media content students were expose to, the time allocated to various media sources daily, and their overall perception of media. The study was informed by the inadequacy of literature on the topic in the developing countries; Nigeria inclusive. I employed a well structure questionnaire to collect comprehensive insight into the prevalent media consumption patterns among polytechnic student. one hundred (100) respondents were randomly selected from the school of general studies, school of environmental studies and school of business studies I recommended the implementation of an orientation program within the polytechnic to raise awareness about fostering healthy media consumption habits within the polytechnic student. Media consumption habit are dynamic and may change over time due to technological advancements, shifts in preference and access to new platforms and content. Online streaming services such as Facebook, twitter and Tiktok has more patronage followed by newspaper and radio with very low listeners
New model of maritime law enforcement for the empowerment of Indonesian marine agent security
Authors: Maruf Irma Rachmawati , Abdullah Kamarulnizam
Published: November 2023

Law enforcement is very crucial for Indonesian safety in sea maritime. In many countries, the agency enforces maritime law. Mostly of legal international trade moves by seas and is illegally used by smugglers transporting prohibited substances or illegal migrant workers.   Ships are also vulnerable to violence. Ships are robbed or hijacked, raising concerns that such attacks could finance terrorism or result in seized vessels being used as floating bombs to attack essential ports. The Indonesian Government may also have a strategic policy to prevent such illegal carriage by sea. It must have harmonies of the regulations state competing interest in exploiting and regulating maritime activities. This article will seek agencies to implement law, security, and safety at sea and review marine agencies. The agents are expected to avoid law enforcement in the sea, which is currently ineffective, causing competition between authority institutions or interests, all of which are detrimental to implementing the rule of law itself. In Indonesian shipping law, law enforcement of marine law is not only be handled by one department. Some regulations give different authority to any department to force the direction. So, there is no integration system to move the marine law if the law separates the sectoral approach that caused many law problems; one of them is an overlap in authority which tends to be a conflict of interest among them. Law enforcement at sea has particular characteristics and extraordinary scopes under the applicable legal regime in the sea area
Implementation Of Legal Protections Of Geographical Indications Of Lampung Robusta Coffee In Improving The Economy Of West Lampung Coffee Farmers
Authors: B Erlina
Published: November 2023

West Lampung Regency is one of the Robusta coffee producing areas. Lampung Robusta Coffee is registered by obtaining a Geographical Indication Certificate Number: ID G 000000026 dated May 13, 2014. The problems in this study are a) How is the implementation of legal protection for Lampung Robusta coffee geographical indications in improving the economy of West Lampung coffee farmers and b) What are the factors What are the obstacles in implementing legal protection for Lampung Robusta coffee geographical indications in improving the economy of West Lampung coffee farmers? The research method used is juridical normative and juridical empirical. The conclusion of this study is the implementation of legal protection for Lampung Robusta coffee geographical indications in improving the economy of West Lampung coffee farmers is to provide preventive and repressive forms of protection with reference to the theory of Intellectual Property Rights Robert M. Sherwood. The constraining factors in the implementation of legal protection for Lampung Robusta coffee geographical indications in improving the economy of West Lampung coffee farmers are the low level of public education, the lack of awareness of coffee farmers in West Lampung Regency in including West Lampung Robusta Coffee Geographical Indications in product design, the absence of regulations at the level The Government of West Lampung Regency in implementing the inclusion of Geographical Indications for West Lampung Robusta Coffee and the weak legal awareness of the community towards the importance of Geographical Indications
Asymmetric Decentralization on the Recognition of Customary Law Community Units turned Customary Villages in Indonesia
Authors: Ifdal Abdurrahman Al-Fatih , Lestarini Ratih
Published: November 2023

Transformation from a customary law community unit (kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat) in Indonesia into a customary village (desa adat) indicates a move enacted by the government of Indonesia to promote asymmetric decentralization. The problem that arises therein is the loss of self-governing community autonomy when the autonomy is combined with local self-government functions, especially when the supervision from the central government to local units in each local government becomes too excessive. As such, the study aims to examine how asymmetric decentralization affects the paradigm of recognition of government functions (local self-government) in customary law community units turned customary villages. The focus of this research is on the recognition of the Baduy tribe in Kanekes Village, Leuwidamar District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province as a customary village. The output of this research is to know the consequences of adopting asymmetric decentralization to the paradigm of local self-government in customary law community units that become customary villages.
Protection and Certainty of Social Welfare Law in the Concept of a Welfare State: Perspective of State Administrative Law
Authors: Fasyehhudin Mohamad
Published: November 2023

The intervention of the state administration in providing legal protection and certainty for social welfare insurance is very important. However, there are still problems occurring in society, including acts of discrimination against accessing social needs, causing social inequality. The goal of this research is to determine how the government's responsibility in implementing social welfare is to provide legal protection and certainty to the community in the concept of a welfare state from the standpoint of state administrative law and how Arrangements for Social Welfare Policy Based on Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 39 of 2012 Concerning Implementation of Social Welfare This research method is normative-juridical. The results of this study show that the responsibility and authority of the government in implementing social welfare and carrying out the duties of executive power must be based on the will of the state, which is based on statutory regulations established by the legislature. The policies regulated in the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 39 of 2012 concerning the Implementation of Social Welfare are rehabilitation policies, social security policies, social empowerment policies, social protection policies, infrastructure standard policies, community participation policies, registration procedures policies, and policies for institutions that organize social welfare
The Enforcement of Marriage Law (No 16 of 2019) Through The Ambassadors of Child Marriage Prevention in Tembarak District, Temanggung Regency
Authors: Ulfa Hidayatun , Kurniandini Sholeh , Ihsan Azim Miftachul , Nashihin Husna
Published: November 2023

The enforcement efforts of Law Number 16 of 2019 on marriage performed in Temanggung are designed to minimize the divorce rate in Temanggung through the empowerment of Sakinah family ambassadors through pre-marriage education to actualize family resilience. The practical benefit of this study is that it can give insight to the ambassadors about the age limit of marriage and the consequences of early marriage. The ambassadors are meant to use the insight to take action against early marriage so that the number of cases of early marriage in the Tembarak district continuously decreases or even reaches zero. This study employs a descriptive qualitative research approach to explain the enforcement efforts of Law Number 16 of 2019 on marriage in Temanggung. The implementation of Marriage Law Number 16 of 2019 is carried out through a number of Focus Group Discussions (FGD): youth guidance, and ambassadors coaching to prevent early marriage; mentoring; monitoring and evaluation; and outcome exposure. This research intends to lower the number of early marriages among Tembarak District school-age students (Junior and High school students: SMP/MTs and SMS/MA/SMK). The implementation of Law Number 16 of 2019 on marriage is carried out through intense socialization in school assemblies in Temanggung
PENGUATAN FUNGSI LEMBAGA PENJAMIN SIMPANAN UNTUK PENINGKATAN PERLINDUNGAN NASABAH PENYIMPAN DAN PEMEGANG POLIS ASURANSI
Authors: Sihombing Jonker
Published: November 2023

Law No. 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector amended the provisions relating to the Deposit Insurance Corporation revised clauses related to the Deposit Insurance Corporation. Earlier clauses covered bank customer deposits, it broadened to encompass insurance policies. This research delves into understanding how roles, responsibilities, powers of the Deposit Insurance Corporation bolstered with the introduction of this Law, aiming to better safeguard depositors and insurance policyholders. Normative juridical approach forms the backbone of this research. Secondary data is the primary source of information, with primary legal documents like laws, regulations supplemented by secondary legal resources such as books, literature, academic journals. Findings indicate this Law provides depositors with assurance regarding security of their deposits in the event a bank is deemed to be resolute, deposit repayments process are more transparent. Insurance policyholders benefit as the law now clearly outlines the claim repayment.
Elimination of Criminal Sanctions in a Forced Defense that Transgresses Limits as a Form of Justice
Authors: Susanti Heni , Meduri Mutia
Published: November 2023

The aim of the article is to prove that not all criminal acts can be punished. There is a rule that states if someone commits a crime for reasons of compulsion that exceeds the limit, it cannot be punished. The urgency of this research is that justice must be upheld, therefore criminals who commit crimes for reasons of Noodweer Excesses must be protected and given the opportunity for their rights as citizens to get justice in accordance with existing rules.. This research is a type of normative legal research. Normative research is a process to find the rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer the legal issues faced. The form of justice can be seen in the fulfillment of the elements of Article 49 Paragraph 2 of the Criminal Code regarding forced defense that exceeds the limit: the existence of a great mental shock due to attacks carried out by witnesses, causing the forced defense transgresses the limit. The act of defense is balanced with the attack that is threatened. Severe mental agitation is not only limited to asthenische affecten as in the form of anxiety, fear, or helplessness, but is a sthenische affecten such as anger, wrath or irritation and the consequences of turning self-defense into an attack and excessive or at least using drastical or disproportionate efforts. There is a threat of attack and an ongoing attack or danger is still threatening.
The Attachment Of Client Photo During The Signing Of The Authentic Minutes Deed
Authors: - Hengky , Mekka Putra Mohamad Fajri
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the urgency of attaching the photo of the person at the time of signing the deed in the minutes of the deed and to examine more deeply the position of the photo as evidence in the trial. The form of this research is juridical-normative which relies on written legal sources with a research typology that is explanatory and in the form of prescriptive. The type of data used in the form of secondary data sourced from primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials with qualitative data analysis methods. Attaching a photo of the person at the time of signing the deed in the minutes of the deed is expected to further guarantee the Notary in carrying out his obligations in the deed inauguration process, so that he does not only adhere to the presence of fingerprints which also have the potential to be taken at different times, because essentially the role of affixing fingerprints on the sheet separate evidence is as additional evidence if the appearer denies his signature and guarantees that the appearer is actually dealing with the notary at the time of signing the deed, but does not guarantee that the signing is done at the same time
Constitutional Court Decision to Protect the Rights of Women and Children in Improving Justice and Legal Certainty
Authors: Ardhanariswari Riris , Fauzan Muhammad , Azzahro Fathimah
Published: November 2023

This paper aims to analyze how the Constitutional Court protects human rights, especially the rights of women and children. Through one of the powers of the Constitutional Court is to conduct a judicial review of the Constitution. The authority of the Constitutional Court is a push for the realization of the constitutionality of the law in order to protect human rights for everyone, including women and child right. The purpose is to analyze the extent to which the Constitutional Court performs its function as the guardian of the Constitution. The research uses statute approach, the comparative approach, the conceptual approach, and the historical approach, based on four judicial review cases: Constitutional Court Decision No.20/PUU-XI/2013 concerning Judicial Review No. 10 of 2008 of General Elections, Constitutional Court Decision No.46/PUU-VIII/2010 concerning Judicial Review Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage, Constitutional Court Decision No.22/PUU-XV/2017 concerning Judicial Review Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage, and Constitutional Court Decision No.24/PUU-XX/2022 concerning Judicial Review Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage. The results of the review demonstrate that: (1) there is an imbalance in legal products that harm women and children; and (2) the Constitutional Court has a mechanism to correct inequality in legal products through a judicial review mechanism. This paper finds that the Constitutional Court plays a significant role in safeguarding women's rights in law through judicial mechanisms. Moreover, this article provides an academic-based assessment of the Constitutional Court's decisions to provide optimal protection for the fulfilment of the rights of women and children.

Keywords: Protection, Woman and Children, Rights, Constitutional Court
The Role of Intelligence in Law Enforcement for Combating Terrorism Cases in Indonesia
Authors: Huda Achmad Zainal
Published: November 2023

Intelligence is defined as information or knowledge needed to guarantee national security. Intelligence information is needed to read and analyze the movements of terrorist groups, to prevent and minimize the impacts that arise in counter-terrorism efforts. Preliminary evidence from intelligence reports authorizes Special Detachment 88 to arrest suspected terrorists. This research is a case study research that aims to analyze the role of intelligence in countering terrorism in Indonesia in the Thamrin Bombing, the Poso violence, and the Bombing in front of the Cathedral, Makassar. This research finds that intelligence has a very significant role in countering terrorism in Indonesia. However, this role is hampered by the limits of authority and responsibility that can be carried out by the Intelligence Agency or Agency. This condition can be overcome by the synergy between intelligence organizations and counterterrorism agencies in Indonesia. In addition, intelligence can also be given the authority to take priority actions for early prevention.
Through-the-cycle to Point-in-time Probabilities of Default Conversion: Inconsistencies in the Vasicek Approach
Authors: Basson L. J. , Van Vuuren Gary
Published: November 2023

While regulators generate and advocate the use of through the cycle (TtC) probabilities of default (PDs) for regulatory capital calculations, accounting standards (such as IFRs9) require organisations to use point in time (PiT) PDs. TtC PDs are based on long-term average conditions and do not adequately capture current credit risk conditions, underestimating credit losses during economic downturns or periods of financial stress. PiT PDs reflect the specific risk conditions prevailing at a given moment in time and provide a more granular assessment of credit risk. While many techniques measure PiT PDs directly, mathematical approaches also exist which convert TtC PDs into PiT PDs. PiT PDs are also routinely forecasted, projected into the future to allow estimation of the present value of future possible credit-related losses. Vasicek’s (1987) model is in common use for this purpose. Using a stylistic range of possible input values for Vasicek’s model, loan credit quality is found to be differentially affected (improving for some and deteriorating for others) for some of these values. This is counterintuitive and reflects a functional flaw in the model.
Derivatives Market: A Survey
Authors: Alalmai Somaiyah
Published: November 2023

Our research paper surveys prior research on derivatives markets. We mainly review the literature investigating the impact of introducing derivatives markets on the underlying market and the overall economic development. Particularly, we summarize papers investigating the effects on the spot market liquidity, spot market volatility, and the price discovery process. We review the literature on several countries, but the survey paper appears to be concentrated on Saudi Arabia. Our paper contributes to the literature and sheds light on introducing the derivatives market in Saudi Arabia. This survey is useful to policymakers and investors as well.
Modeling the Subscription Ratio and IPO Returns Non-Linear Relationship: Evidence from the Tunisian Stock Market
Authors: Mellouli Dhoha , Ellouz Siwar
Published: November 2023

To capture the herd behavior of IPO investors, the relationship binding IPO underpricing and the subscription ratio is often assumed to represent a straight line in the relevant literature, due mainly to recurrent general linear modeling in the data analysis process. In Tunisia, however, and following the subscription result declaration, all IPOs are usually met with noticeable success owing to over subscription issues, resulting in persistent herd behavior. In this context, the present paper is deigned to highlight how Tunisian investors tend to mimic each other on setting out to make trading decisions. More particularly, we attempt to specify the non-linear relationship binding the subscription ratio and IPO returns within a quantile regression, highlighting the investors’ noticeable sensitivity to high subscription, thereby, easily inducing the spread of herd behavior and increasing IPO returns.
Impact of the Global Financial Crisis and the Tunisia’s Jasmine Revolution on the Corporate Capital Structure: Evidence from Four Arab Countries
Authors: Hamouda Raja Zekri Ben , Jilani Faouzi
Published: November 2023

This paper provides new evidence on capital structure determinants in the Arab world with special focus on the impact of the 2008 global financial crisis and the Jasmine Revolution on four different corporate leverage ratios. The sample consists of 440 non-financial listed companies from four Arab- Mediterranean countries (Egypt, Jordan Morocco and Tunisia) and the panel data are analyzed from the period 2003–2019. Statistical analysis of results are carried out by using the ordinary least squares ; three dummy variables are included (time, country and industry). The results indicate cross-country variations in four different leverage ratios. Moroccan firms, contrary to those in Tunisia and Jordan, show lower leverage ratios. By contrast, they report higher levels of « size », « profitability » and « growth opportunities ». The results also show that the Jasmine Revolution as well as the 2008 global financial crisis affects the impact of firm-specific determinants : After crisis and Jasmine Revolution, the positive and the negative effects of « size » and « profitability », respectively, become more important. Profitability is the most significant explanatory factor of corporate capital structure in Arab countries.  During the two sub-periods, the growth opportunities and their negative impact on the corporate financial decisions depend on the choice of the leverage ratio (total debt versus long term debt – book values versus market values). Asset tangibility is the most critical factor : its positive effect on capital structure is more important before the Jasmine revolution and/or the global financial crisis. The effect is initially positive but becomes negative when leverage ratio is calculated using total values of debt (book and market values of debt). Results on capital structure determinants in the Arabic context not depend only on the choice of the leverage ratio, but also on the period considered.
PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH JERAMI MENJADI KOTAK TISSUE PADA ANAK-ANAK DESA JATITENGAH BLOK KAMIS
Authors: Afdhila Naela , Harun Harun
Published: November 2023

Limbah jerami merupakan salah satu material yang melimpah di Desa Jatitengah, merekamampu panen padi tiga kali selama setahun. Beberapa petani memanfaatkan jerami untuk pakanternak dan keperluan industri, namun sisa gunungan yang tidak termanfaatkan biasanya dibakar dengan alasan mempercepat proses pembukaan lahan baru untuk proses penanaman padi kembali. Sehingga menyebabkan polusi udara wilayah sekitar menjadi kurang baik yang akan berakibat gangguan kesehatan bagi petani, masyarakat serta unsur hara yang ada di dalam tanah.Berangkatdari latar belakang tersebut timbul satu permasalahan untuk mengangkat jerami yangmelimpah menjadi bernilai guna, baik secara material maupun fungsional. Tujuan daripengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pelatihan atau pengetahuan kepadamasyarakat tentang alternative pemanfaatan limbah jerami untuk kerajinan kotak tissue yanglebih bernilai ekonomi serta untuk melatih kreativitas, bakat serta minat anak-anak dibidangseni. Pelatihan ini memilikikeunggulan diantaranya bahan mudah di dapatkan, biaya produksirendah, melatih fokus dan kesabaran pada anak-anak. Metode yang digunakan menggunakanmetode pelatihan dan pendampingan sampai menghasilkan produk yang layak jual. Hasil darikegiatan ini berupa prototype atau model kerajinan kotak tissue dari jerami yang memiliki nilaijual.
PELATIHAN DAN PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH ORGANIK DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EFFEKTIVE MIKROORGANISME (EM-4) SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR
Authors: Jubaedi Muhammad , Amaresa Huda Dwi , Ukmawati Ukmawati , Diana Diana , Wahyudi Hendi , Hidiyanto Wisnu , Susanti Susanti
Published: November 2023

Desa Cibunut memiliki potensi hasil perkebunan yang saat ini terus dikembangkan sebagai salah satu pemasukan sumber pendapatan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar. Bahkan ekosistem perkebunan di Desa Cibunut menjadi salah satu ikon untuk desa tersebut. Selain perkebunan terdapat juga ekowisata bukit Sirkuit untuk perlombaan balap motor Trail, Desa Cibunut juga khas dengan produk olahan berupa makanan seperti dodol, gula aren dan pupuk kompos. Namun produktivitasnya terkendala oleh ketersediaan bahan - bahan yang tergantung dengan musim. Beranjak dari hal tersebut maka perlu dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat untuk memberikan edukasi tentang potensi dan manfaat limbah tanaman bawang merah baik berupa batang, daun, kulit dan buah dari aspek yang lain. Yaitu bahwa selain dapat diolah sebagai bahan pangan limbah tanaman bawang merah juga dapat diolah menjadi produk bernilai tinggi lainnya, salah satunya sebagai pestisida organik/alami. Banyaknya rumah tangga yang menggunakan bawang merah untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bumbu dapur berlebih berdampak melimpahnya limbah kulit bawang merah. Limbah kulit bawang merah tersebut menjadi suatu problematika apabila tidak adanya penanganan lebih lanjut. Tujuan peneliti membuat artikel ini sebagai sarana informasi untuk semua individu dengan memberikan suatu pengetahuan baru mengenai manfaat limbah kulit bawang merah sebagai bahan dalam pertumbuhan tanaman. Limbah kulit bawang merah memiliki potensi manfaat yang sangat besar untuk bahan baku pestisida organik. Pada kulit bawang merah terdapat zat dan senyawa yang dapat melakukan aplikasi pestisida organik limbah kulit bawang merah pada tanaman. Pengaplikasian pestisida organik limbah kulit bawang merah dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan mengendalikan serangan hama pada tanaman. Pendayagunaan limbah dari kulit bawang merah menjadi solusi yang baik dalam mengurangi sampah rumah tangga.
DAMPAK PESTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN DAN EFISIENSI BIAYA PERAWATAN POHON MANGGA GEDONG GINCU PADA PETANI DI DESA SEDONG LOR
Authors: Rifaldy Dwi A Mochamad , Dewi Yulianty Puspa
Published: November 2023

Desa Sedong Lor memiliki potensi Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) yang bersumber dari perkebunan. Penggunaan pestisida kimia telah banyak memberikan dampak negatif pada lingkungan, mahalnya biaya pestisida kimia serta sulitnya ketersediaan pestisida kimia yang didapat oleh petani mangga gincu di desa sedong lor, Kecamatan Sedong, Kabupaten Cirebon. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk penambahan pengetahuan tentang pestisida nabati agar para petani mangga gincu dapat mengaplikasikan pembuatan dan cara penggunaan pestisida nabati untuk menuju pertanian yang ramah lingkungan dan menghemat biaya perawatan tumbuhan. Diharapkan dari hasil pelatihan ini memberikan pemahaman tentang dampak positif dari pestisida nabati untuk para petani mangga gedong gincu di desa Sedong Lor. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode diskusi tatap muka dengan para petani mangga gedong gincu sebagai pelaku UMKM Dodol Gincu. Waktu pelaksanaan peneletian ini selama satu bulan. Hasil KKN ini menunjukkan upaya agar petani gedonggincu dapat beralih dari menggunakan pestisida kimia menjadi pestisida nabati.
Edukasi Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer Berbasis Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Pada Masyarakat Desa Panambangan, Sedong
Authors: Novitasari Novitasari , Prasetyo Tri Budi
Published: November 2023

Artikel ini menyajikan hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat melalui penyuluhan, permasalahannya yaitu kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menjaga pola hidup sehat terutama kebersihan tangan. Kebersihan tangan sangat perlu dijaga dan diperhatikan karena dari tangan bisa menyebabkan terjadinya berbagai awal penyakit mengjangkit tubuh kita. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat desa Panambangan dalam menjaga pola hidup sehat dan menjaga kesehatan lingkungan terutama menjaga kesehatan tangan yaitu dengan menggunakan hand sanitizer. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melalui penyuluhan dan edukasi kepada masyarakat desa Panambangan. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu masyarakat menjadi lebih paham dalam menjaga kebersihan tangan dan pemanfaatan lidah buaya dalam pembuatan hand sanitizer.
Pengaruh Program Bank Sampah Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Lingkungan Yang Sehat Di SDN Kertasari, Kabupaten Majalengka
Authors: Ijaj Kodrul , Irfan Muhamad , Nurmalasari Mila , Nuraeni Nuraeni , Setiawati Tia
Published: November 2023

Kesehatan merupakan hal yang penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Kesadaran tentang kesehatan dimulai dari kehidupan sehari-hari berkaitandengan limbah sampah. Paradigma berpikir masyarakat bahwa sampah merupakan sesuatu yang tidak berguna yang dibuang begitu saja.Mengelola sampah dapat menjadi sesuatu yang memiliki nilai dan harga. Melalui pengolahan bank sampah, masyarakat bisa membuang sampahyang dalam kurun waktu tertentu bisa menghasilkan uang. Pengaruh dari penyuluhan program Bank Sampah sangat membantu masyarakatterutama bagi peserta didik dan guru dalam merawat dan menjaga lingkungan sekolah. Bank Sampah menerapkan sistem seperti perbankan untuksampah. Adanya Bank Sampah semakin mempermudah kita dalam mengatasi dan menyalurkan sampah ke pihak yang tepat. Selain dapatmengurangi tumpukan sampah di sekolah, peran Bank Sampah dapat memberikan keuntungan berupa peningkatan kesehatan dan pendapatan.Dengan mengoptimalkan program Bank Sampah, tentunya akan membantu mewujudkan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan memberikan dampakyang besar menuju lingkungan yang sehat dan bersih. Metode dalam pengabdian ini menggunakan pendekatan penyuluhan. Penyuluhan inimerupakan salah satu alternatif dalam menumbuhkan kebiasaan-kebiasaan positif dari peserta didik. Dalam hal ini dampak ditujukan terhadapkehidupan dilingkungan sekolah SDN Kertasari, baik untuk peserta didik maupun guru.
Problems and prospects of the development of foreign economic activity of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of war
Authors: Tkachuk V. , Batyuk R.
Published: November 2023

In 2022, the share of agri-food products in the total export of Ukraine increased to 53 % from 41 % in 2021, maintaining the leadership in its product structure and becoming the maximum since the inde-pendence of our state. According to the data of the State Customs Service of Ukraine, at the end of 2022, Ukraine exported agricultural food products in the amount of 23.6 billion USD. In 2022, 38.5 million tons of domestic grain worth $9.1 billion were exported to foreign markets. According to the State Customs Service of Ukraine, in 2022 the value of the export of seeds and fruits of oil crops amounted to almost 3.8 billion USD. This is 54 percent more than in 2021. The most noticeable and multiple increase in sunflower exports was from 0.08 million tons in 2021 to 2.8 million tons in 2022. A characteristic feature of 2022 was the further consolidation of the European Union's position in the fruit and seed markets of domestic oil crops. Last year, the countries of this region bought more than 3/4 of the value of supplies of all oil crops from Ukraine. Despite the war, Ukraine was able to increase the export of meat and offal by 9 %, bringing its figures to 925 million USD. The Netherlands became the leader in the export of Ukrainian meat, purchasing more than 27 % of production for 252 million USD. Among the leaders were also Slovakia, China, UAE and Turkey. Their shares are 7 %, 4.8 %, 4.5 %, 3.6 %, respectively. In 2022, despite the war and blockade of sea ports, Ukraine exported dairy products worth 344.6 million USD, which is 39% more than in 2021. In 2022, dynamic changes took place in international trade. The war made adjustments to the strategic issues of international trade in agricultural products, particularly export and logistics. In April 2022, the Netherlands, Germany, the Czech Republic, and Austria canceled the requirements for obtaining permits for international cargo transportation for humanitarian cargo, and Turkey, Bulgaria, Georgia, and others temporarily completely canceled the requirements for obtaining permits for bilateral inter-national and transit transportation. On August 30, 2022, Ukraine joined the Convention on the Common Transit Procedure. There was a dynamic reorientation of Ukraine's foreign trade to European markets and new logistics routes, which significantly eased the restrictions imposed by the Russian's blockade of the Black Sea seaports.
Shadow economy in Ukraine and its determinants
Authors: Yanishin Y. S. , Dudyak R. P. , Vovk O.-V. M.
Published: November 2023

The article examines various definitions of the shadow economy, its essence, the causes of its occurrence and destructive results for the country's economic development. Various interpretations of this concept by domestic and foreign scientists have been studied. Various methods of determining the level of shadowing of the economy have been studied. A comparative analysis of indicators of economic toning of Ukraine from 2010 to 2021 with individual European countries was conducted. Indicators of shadowing of the economy are highlighted. The 10 main determinants of the shadow economy and the method of their influence on the level of toning of the economy have been determined. Attention is drawn that the high level of taxation is one of the key determinants for the existence of the shadow sector of the economy. Attention is focused on the phenomena of bureaucracy and corruption in state structures, the state of the labor market, which is dominated by illegal employment and calculation in envelopes, electronic commerce, which creates wider opportunities for tax evasion, powerful pressure from oligarchs who lobby in their own interests with for the purpose of personal entrepreneurship, smuggling of goods by self-employed persons, illegal import of goods under the guise of humanitarian aid from military operations and evasion of customs clearance of goods imported into the territory of Ukraine. It is noted that this state has a negative impact on the economic development of the country, generating destructive results. The authors formulated proposals for reducing the impact of the named determinants on reducing the level of shadowing of the country's economy in the future. These measures may include optimization of the taxation system, reduction of bureaucratic barriers, fight against corruption and other policies aimed at supporting legal economic processes and stimulating activities in the legislative field. Also, the direction of the perspective of future research related to the evaluation of the results of the implementation of the recommendations.
Ensuring the financial and economic security of enterprises of priority industries in the system of economic security of the state
Authors: Lupak R. L. , Vasyltsiv T. G. , Kunytska-Iliash M. V. , Berezivskyi Y. P.
Published: November 2023

Ensuring the financial and economic security of enterprises in priority sectors of the economy must be a clearly institutionalized process that takes place on an ongoing basis in accordance with the planned phasing of measures and their results on the way to achieving the defined general goal of state regulation. In order to achieve the expected results, an important place is taken by the selection of general scientific and specialized methodological tools, and preference is given to the methods of logical generalization, grouping, structural-functional analysis, and monographic description. A phasing scheme of shifts in the process of implementation by enterprises is proposed, as well as tools and institutional guidelines of the state policy of strengthening the financial security of priority sectors of the national economy of Ukraine. Staged changes in ensuring the financial and economic security of enterprises in priority sectors of the economy of Ukraine are divided into the context of economic (economic and legal regulation, detinization and modernization of capacities, investment and capitalization, development of the market environment, financial support and credit policy) and organizational (institutional support, business qualification – processes, financial and economic integration and cooperation, strategic management, infrastructural support) tools. Institutional guidelines for ensuring the financial and economic security of enterprises in the priority sectors of the Ukrainian economy are formed based directly on the financial (investment, monetary, fiscal, debt, banking, currency, fund, insurance) and economic (normative-legal, institutional-organizational, information-communication) tools , educational and educational, anticyclical, structural, regulatory, competitive) directions. In the perspective of research, it is appropriate to concentrate on improving institutional and legal provisions, identifying tools for the development of organizational and institutional infrastructure, implementing institutional and economic incentives, improving the regulatory and methodological base of financial and economic security of enterprises, priority industries and the state.