bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dioxin Destruction by Supercritical Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhao Qi Cheng , Dong Xu , Zhou Ming Hui , Wang Jing Chang
Published: December 2013

Dioxin is a typical aromatic compound and also a common component of the wastewater from the manufacture of dye, rubber, drug, plastic, paint, etc. The supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) has been recognized as promising technology for waster treatment, and The organic compounds can be decomposed completely in a few minutes.The experiments are conducted at an initial concentration 0.012 mol/l for Dioxin and an excess multiple 10 for H2O2. The effects of the residence time, temperature and pressure on Dioxin destruction rate are examined.
Genotoxicity of Environmental Hormones: A Review
Authors: Zhang Chao , Li Yan Hong , Mo Ling Yun , Qin Li Tang
Published: December 2013

More and more environmental hormones (EHs) had been released into the environment, and it has caused a certain influence and interference on normal activities of the organisms. The EHs genetic toxicity testing methods have been constantly improved with the development of molecular biology techniques. This paper mainly reported the gene-toxicity methods, present status and took an outlook for the research trend on EHs.
Performance of MDEA-PZ-TETA for Absorption and Desorption of CO2
Authors: Jin Mei , Zhou Li Yan , Lu Ping , Wang Jin Huang , Yu Guo Xian
Published: December 2013

The absorption performance of CO2 from the simulated flue gas using fresh MDEA-PZ-TETA absorbent and the desorption behavior of CO2 from the CO2-saturated absorbent were investigated. In the process of CO2 absorption, the absorption temperature and the inlet flow rate of CO2 played important effects on the absorption performance. The experimental results showed that the suitable absorption condition of CO2 using fresh absorbent was the absorption temperature of 20 oC for 18 min and the inlet flow rate of CO2 of 50 mL/min. In the process of CO2 desorption from the used absorbent, the desorption temperature played an important role and the regeneration time had little effect on the desorption behavior. The suitable desorption condition was the desorption temperature of 105 oC for 1.0 h and the regeneration time of 1.
Research of Selective H2S Removal by Methyldiethanolamine Solutions in Experimental Simulation Apparatus
Authors: Xu Hong Jian , Li Hao Ran , Wang Shu Fang , Jin Ji Zhao , Pan Wei Guo , Guo Rui Tang
Published: December 2013

In this research, an experimental apparatus that composed of adiabatic packed absorption and regeneration columns was established to simulate H2S removal process. The results show that the reaction between CO2 and MDEA can be regarded as a rapid pseudo-first-order reversible reaction and the CO2 absorption mainly is controlled by liquid film resistance while the reaction between H2S and MDEA are reversible instantaneous. For H2S absorption, it is mainly controlled by gas film resistance but the rate of liquid film resistance to the total resistance of H2S absorption was distributed from 25.7% (column bottom) to 12.6% (column up).
Adsorption of Phenanthrene and Bisphenol A on Organo-Nano Iron Oxide Complexes
Authors: Liang Ni , Zhang Di , Wu Min
Published: December 2013

Organo-mineral complexes are important in regulating the transport and retention of hydrophobic organic contaminants in soils/sediments. Humic acid will be fractionated during adsorption on mineral. This study examined the sorption of model compounds with different properties (tannin acid, gallic acid, fumaric acid sodium and sodium oleate) on nanoiron oxide minerals and determined the sorption of phenanthrene and Bisphenol A on these organooxide complexes. The results showed that the sorption of model compounds on nanoFe2O3 followed the order of O > T > G> F. The higher adsorption of O and T was likely attributed to their higher molecule weight. The sorption of PHE and BPA on organomineral complexes was controlled by hydrophobic interactions. HOCs will adsorb preferentially on hydrophobic aliphatic compositions of organic matter.
Discussion and Analysis on Effect of Hot Secondary Air Governance Gypsum Rain on the Power Plant Unit
Authors: Lu Kun , Chen Da Wei , Li Zhuang
Published: December 2013

For gypsum rain phenomenon in limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization system. This article made programme that has used unit existing equipment allowance. Extracted hot secondary air to heat purified flue gas to eliminate "gypsum rain". This programme is implemented which makes temperature of purified flue gas rising to 70 °C. That almost eliminate "gypsum rain" phenomenon. While temperature of boiler exhaust gas declined, and temperature of hot air reduced, and boiler thermal efficiency declined, unit of power coal consumption rosed. Comparing to other programmes, this programme has a larger advantage in technology, economic, and security aspects.
Experimental Study on Inactivation of Heterosigma akashiwo by Pulsed Electric Field and Engine Waste Heat Treatment
Authors: Zhou Jun Feng , Xu Le Ping , Wang Zhong Cheng , Xie Ting Fei , Yang Kai Liang
Published: December 2013

Ballast water (BW) is essential in maintaining the balance and structural integrity of ships during voyage. However, invasive aquatic species discharged through ballast water is one of the most serious problems posed nowadays in the marine environment. Experimental inactivation effect on Heterosigma akashiwo by combined PEF and engine waste heat pretreatment was studied. Effect factors such as pulsed voltage, electrode gap, pulse width and preheating temperature were explored, and its mechanism of inactivate the Heterosigma akashiwo was analyzed. It was prospected to be effective to inactive the mircoalgae of ships ballast water by combined PEF and engine waste heat so as to obtain a cost-effective BW treatment with minimized environmental impacts.
Research on Mitigating Methods to Reduce Civil Aviation Emission
Authors: Pan Wei Jun , Huang Chen Yu , Wang Wen Bo
Published: December 2013

As the booming civil aviation industry has seriously polluted air and tremendously jeopardized environment, ICAO has published a specific goal on the reduction of civil aviation emission. Besides, petroleum crisis is more and more severe, consequently alternative energy and emission reduction form a strong impediment for further development of civil aviation industry. In this paper, focusing on how to solve the challenges faced by civil aviation industry, combining with current situation, three mitigating methods are introduced and contrasted. Furthermore, According to the historical data of civil aviation industry development, the feasibility and prospect of three solutions are analyzed with the method of AHP. Finally, considering present aviation techniques and time cost, a dynamic mitigating method to reduce aviation emission is proposed.
An/OSBR Process for Phosphorus Removal Effect of Different Sludge Load and Nitrate Concentration Condition
Authors: Tian Xiao Yan , Wang Liang
Published: December 2013

Based on An / OSBR, the paper explores the different sludge loading and nitrate concentrations under the conditions of An / OSBR effects of biological phosphorus removal systems.The influent phosphorus concentration constant at 10 ± 0.5mg / L, in order to compare the end of the anaerobic and effluent TP concentration.The results showed that: ①With the increasing of nitrate concentrations , PAOs release phosphorus in the anaerobic reaction zone is decreased, nitrate appears to reduce the synthesis of PHB, which is due to PHB synthesis and denitrification requires a simple carbon source as hydrogen donor, resulting in competition;② With the COD sludge load increases, the effluent TP concentration decreased, when the COD sludge load ≥ 0.46mgCOD/mgMLSS · d, the effluent TP concentrations is less than 1mg / L;③ When the reaction temperature was 25 °C and 15 °C , the releasing phosphorus in anaerobic and COD sludge load have a good correlation,Linear relationship between the two were: y = 0.72 +71.91 x ( 25 °C), y = 2.81 +73.33 x (15 °C);
Utilization and Prospect of Greening Waste Biomass Energy
Authors: Wang Fang , Li Hong Yuan , Yang Jia Nan
Published: December 2013

Greening waste biomass is a potentially underutilized renewable biofuel feedstock.Economic, efficient and resource utilization of greening waste is one of important content in modern urban development. In view of the difficulty of disposing the increasing greening waste in China, this paper described the situation of the greening waste disposal and utilization in China. Then it introduced the foreign and domestic development and utilization of greening waste biomass energy. Last, the paper pointed out that compared with developed countries, there were still existed many problems in China. So it needs to solve the existing problems to achieve sustainable development of greening waste.
Removal of Organic Impurities in Lithium Cobalt Oxide from Spent Lithium Ion Batteries by Ultrasonic Irradiation
Authors: Zhu Shu Guang , He Wen Zhi
Published: December 2013

In the present work, spent LiCoO2 was processed to remove impurities by ultrasound with the aim to renovate its electrochemical characteristics. The composition and amount of organic materials remained in the LiCoO2 particle surface were characterized by GC-MS, FT-IR and TGA, respectively. The morphology and particle sizes of PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride) was analyzed by SEM. Experimental results show that ultrasonic cavitation could be effectively used to remove organic substance stuck on LiCoO2 surface. At room temperature, the spent LiCoO2 was successfully remove impurities, including EC (Ethylene carbonate) and PVDF, with ultrasound applied for 12 h. It can be considered that most of the PVDF (82.0 wt.%) has decomposed under ultrasonic irradiation. Furthermore, the EC has completely decomposed under such ultrasonic irradiation.
p-Nitrophenol (PNP) Removal in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor
Authors: Xu Xiao Peng , Hua Cong Xin , Han Yan , Zhang Li Bin , Shen Jin You
Published: December 2013

In this study, co-metabolism reduction ofp-nitrophenol (PNP) under anaerobic condition was investigated in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor.p-Aminophenol (PAP) was identified as the dominant product of PNP reduction in UASB, and no further degradation of PAP was observed under anaerobic condition in UASB. The performance of three cosubstrates, namely sodium acetate, glucose and methanol, was compared, demonstrating that sodium acetate had the best performance as the external cosubstrate. Both PNP removal and PAP formation increased with the increase of acetate concentrations and the increase of hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Both PNP removal and PAP formation was significantly influenced by initial PNP concentration, exhibiting the inhibitory nature of PNP.
Influence of Na2CO3 on Thermal Decomposition of Waste Printed Circuit Board in Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhou Qiu Ping , Hong Li
Published: December 2013

The influence of Na2CO3on RF4-type waste printed circuit board (PCB) pyrolysis in carbon dioxide was studied with thermogravimetric analysis, and the reaction kinetics was calculated based on the Coats - Redfern method. It is shown that the weight loss process of waste PCB in carbon dioxide includes two stages. The first stage of weight loss is between 280 °C and 450 °C, at which the decomposition of epoxide resin leads to volatile materials release. The second stage of weight loss is the reaction between carbon residue and carbon dioxide between 600°C~960 °C, and carbon monoxide is formed. Addition of Na2CO3decreases the initial temperature of the second weight loss stage of waste PCB and increases the weight loss rate, which indicates the enhancement effect on gasification reaction between carbon residue and carbon dioxide. From the different mechanism function, the optimal mechanism function isf(a)=5(1-a)/4[-ln(1-a)]4and the range of activation energy is 75～135 kJ/mol.
The Experimental Research on Performance of the Composite Ion-Exchange Regenerant FH-30
Authors: Yang Lin , Zhao Jun Ming , Yuan Bin , Huang Jie Yang
Published: December 2013

The composite ion-exchange regenerant FH-30 was made using the own patent technology. The effect of softened water quality and running cycle, after the use of FH-30, was studied under simulation of industrial boiler softened water preparation process conditions. The dynamic simulation experimental results showed that at room temperature, the flow speed of 35 cm/min, the running cycle would not change when the dosage of regenerant was changed, the sodium and ammonium ion content would decrease with the increase of the running time in the softened water preparation process, the sodium ion content would decrease a bit faster at the later running cycle when the dosage of regenerant was greater, the molar ratio of sodium and ammonium almost not changed in the softened water preparation process when the regenerant dosage was 2.1 gram per milliliter resin, composite regenerant can completely replace single sodium salt regenerant. Through the measurement of sodium and ammonium ion in the regeneration resin and failure resin, proved that sodium and ammonium ion were not accumulated in the resin layer.
Physiological Variation of Tea Plant under Mercury Stress
Authors: Xiong Hua Bin , Duan Chang Qun , Yan Kai , He Feng , Fu Deng Gao , Liang Ming Zhi
Published: December 2013

Environment pollution from mercury is very serious because of widespread use in many fields, and physiological characteristics change can reflect stress response of plant in many times. In the research various content of mercury added artificial into tea plant soil and then relative physiological traits were detected to discuss differential characteristics of tea plant to mercury stress. The results showed that in different Hg concentration stress chlorophyll content of YK and ZJ were decline, and MDA content of YK, FX and MH also express ascend situation, but their proline content were decline than ones of control. As a word, heavy metal Hg resistance of YK is lowest in five materials, but resistance of FX was higher than other materials.
Research Progress of Water Treatment by Advanced Oxidation Technology
Authors: Lai Yang , Yang Long Yun
Published: December 2013

Advanced Oxidation Technology (AOPs) is a new water treatment process, especially, for refractory organic wastewater treatment. This paper emphatically introduced the mechanism and research progress of Fenton oxidation method and Fenton method, ozone oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, wet air oxidation, supercritical water oxidation, electrochemical oxidation, and ultrasonic oxidation technology. The cheaper and more effective catalyst and oxidant is the main development trend in the future AOPs.
Research of Effect on Water Quality of Combined Stainless Steel Plastic Pipe and PPR Pipe
Authors: Wu Tao , Wang Zeng Zhang
Published: December 2013

Taking combined stainless steel plastic pipe and PPR pipe which was widely used in the secondary water supply system as research objects, we do a research of effect on water quality of these pipelines. These test indexes were divided into basic indexes and additional indexes. In addition, heterotrophic bacteria plate count was used to observe the attached bacteria on the inner wall of these two different pipes. The results showed that these two kinds of pipes are qualified for their hygienic safety as drinking water distribution equipments. The effects of pipe wall on water quality increased with the immersion time. Combined stainless steel plastic pipe is better than PPR pipe for less impact on water quality, less biofilm microbes attached, better stability, superior antibacterial effects. The combined stainless steel plastic pipe can give a better hygienic safety protection for drinking water.
Application of Extenics in Evaluation of Utilization Degree of Irrigation Water
Authors: Cao Ai Wu , Zhu Feng , Liu Yu Wei , Qian Yang
Published: December 2013

The utilization degree of irrigation water is the key indicator of agricultural water-saving efficiency. Currently, water efficiency of irrigation is used to reflect the utilization degree of irrigation water, people commonly uses hydrodynamic measurement and static water measurement, but the result is still affected by many factors. This thesis is based on the method of extenics that combines with various kinds of irrigated area characteristics, realizes the comprehensive evaluation of irrigation and irrigation water utilization. And a simple example shows that is more reasonable compared with traditional methods.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Ocean Development
Authors: Yu Yang , Gu Lei Lei , Wu Xiang Qi
Published: December 2013

Under the background of global ocean development, artificial intelligence has increasing importance which urges the improvement of traditional research and exploration methods. Marine applications of artificial intelligence have been further practiced and expanded in recent years, which reflect in at least three major areas: firstly, the foundations of technical thought kernel, network expansion and intelligent navigation are laid in Maritime Internet of Things; secondly, in the field of far-reaching sea exploration, unmanned probe (deep-sea robot) relied on artificial intelligence technology has gradually become a major force in international competition; thirdly, as an ocean information and management comprehensive integration platform, digital ocean is applied to crack ocean information solitary island, jumbled information and other difficult problems through cooperation development, function integration and affinity services, enhancing the public ocean consciousness.
Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Plumula nelumbinis Oil Rich in γ-Sitosterol Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Jia Dong Dong , Lan Rong , Sun Yong Yue
Published: December 2013

Supercritical CO2extraction ofPlumula nelumbinisoil rich in γ-sitosterol was investigated with a 42full factorial design and response surface analysis. At optimal conditions (P=35 MPa,T=55 C,dp=0.22 mm,Q=2.0 L/min), the yield of the extracted oil was up to 12.2%, in which the concentration of γ-sitosterol was 7.38%, indicating that the γ-sitosterol contents inPlumula nelumbinisand its oil were much higher than that in other vegetables.
Environmental Evaluation of Different Heating Systems
Authors: Chen Cheng Min , Xu Min , Sun Rong Feng , Fan Xiao Xu
Published: December 2013

This study compares environmental impact of different heating systems with life cycle analysis, and get out if heat pump system has advantage in replacing boiler heating systems. Systems energy use are compared in one-year operation phase for residential buildings located in Tianjin city, including waste water heat pump system, coal boiler system and gas boiler system.
In order to analyzed the environment performance of heat pump system in different conditions. The power structure impact to heat pump systems is analyzed using life cycle analysis method. The results indicate that with COP=4, even if 100% coal power is used, heat pump has advantage in the most impact factors, and if more clean power is used, the environment impact in heat pump system will be reduced obviously. The result also shows that waste water use in heat pump system impact the result little for its small quantity.
Nomenclature
GW, Global Warming; NRC: Non-renewable Resource Consumption; OD: Ozone Depletion; ACI, Acidification; EUT, Eutrophication; SPO, Synthesis of photochemical ozone; SW, Solid Waste; HW, Hazardous Waste; SD, Smoke and Dust. RC: Renewable Resource Consumption
Drought Causes and Solutions of Down-Faulted Basin Groups in Nandong Underground River Basin
Authors: Mo Mei Xian , Li Feng , Wang Yu , Li Chun Yan
Published: December 2013

For many years, drought is severe in the basins and the mountain area of Nandong underground river basin. The author analyzes the reasons of the drought from the hydrogeological characteristics of the basin, climate characteristics, groundwater pollution ,and study indicates that the drought causes is that shallow groundwater and surface water has been seriously polluted, and it is extremely difficult to look for underground karst water. Then the author analyse solutions to solve these problems: building underground dam in Moshigou to develop Nandong underground river; rising underground water level elevation up to 1253m,it can intercept about 306 million m3 underground water. In this way, the author predict that the water shortage problem can be solved fundamentally in these three basins.
The Ocean Temperature Reconstruction of Center Tropical Cyclone Based on Argo
Authors: Zhu Jiong , Kang Jian Cheng
Published: December 2013

There is a correlation between sea surface temperature of the upper boundary waters and the intensity of typhoon. This paper analyzes the use of Argo float data and using inverse distance weighted interpolation method to calculate its internal regional sea surface temperature, when typhoon and other data were compared and error analysis. The results showed that: the method is reliable. When you select a point closer distance calculation and spatial distribution of Argo floats as closely as possible, the weight coefficients taken 2, known buoy number is 4-6, the relative error of calculated is less than 0.4%, RMSE error is less than 1.2 in the 0-600m depth layer
The Application of Seawater Desalination Technology in Guangdong
Authors: Huang Guan Jia , Fang Shao Mei , Xian Jian , Jiang Jie Mei
Published: December 2013

With the growth of population and the increasing scarcity of water resource, making a good water strategy is more and more important. Seawater desalination is the technology to get fresh water from seawater. We construct a model to estimate the cost of desalinization in 2025 and give some advises about the desalination project.
Analysis of the Three Gorges Reservoir Operation on the Water Level of Yangtze River during the Non-Flood Season
Authors: Zheng Jing
Published: December 2013

In the middle and downstream area of the Yangtze River, low water levels had occurred at post-flood season or before the flood season in recent years, since the trial impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in 2008. Based on the analysis of the low water levels, both rating curve of main stations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the operation of TGR in the dry season were analyzed in study to reveal the effects of the impoundment of TGR on water level of downstream areas. The research results show that the water supplement of the TGR could raise the downstream water level, which has positive effect on water supplement and navigation in this area.
Resettlement Implementation Effect Evaluation Based on Entropy Weight - Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Li Run Jie , Yao Kai Wen , Yang Chen
Published: December 2013

To objectively evaluate the resettlement implementation effect of migration which resulted from the development of hydroelectric energy, through the combination of field investigation and the interior work plenty monitoring and evaluation data concerning resettlement of Sui County in China has been collected, and according to the characteristics of resettlement work resettlement implementation effect evaluation indexes have been selected. To optimize indexes whose number and category are complex and deal with the porblem of weighting indexes subjectively, principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to reduce the evaluation index dimensions and to extract the principal component indexes, combining with the entropy weight method to objectively weight the indexes. Case study of Sui County shows that the method can quantitatively give each immigrant village a comprehensive resettlement effect score, and provide theoretical basis for subsequent resettlement management decision-making, it also contribute to the harmony and stability in the resettlement area and the sustainable development of hydropower.
Study of Wave Dissipation on Curtain Wall Structures Based on the SPH Method
Authors: Ying Geng , Cao Ai Wu , Zhu Feng
Published: December 2013

In this paper, the effect of wave dissipation on curtain wall structures is analyzed. We use physical model experiment and simulation of SPH method to study the interaction process of waves with the building, and examine the wave dissipation effect of curtain wall structure under different draft or different wave-breaking chamber’s length. Meanwhile, movement of water body in the chamber is researched. Studies show that: when the experimental depth is 0.4m, the effect of wave dissipation on curtain wall structures is most obvious when width of wave-breaking chamber is 0.12 times the wave length and the relative draft depth of curtain wall is 0.5m.
Application of Elm Neural Network in Dam Displacement Early Warning Model
Authors: Tu Tu , Zhu Feng , Cao Ai Wu , He Lu , Ying Geng
Published: December 2013

The dam displacement is related to multiple factors such as time, temperature, water level and etc. And it presents a strong nonlinear and certain randomness.Neural network model because of its inherent characteristics can better simulate the dam displacement.Nowadays,It has methods to estimate the displacement of the dam by constructing physical model and BP neural network model.But BP neural network's training time is too long and the forecast effect is not very good.So this paper introduces Elm neural network model,establishs Elm neural network model of dam displacement early warning considering multiple factors to estimate the displacement.By a simple example and compared with BP neural network model to reflect the rationality and scientificity of this method.
Numerical Simulation of Tectonic Stress Field in the Southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Yang Li , Li Jian Lin , Luo Shi Wei
Published: December 2013

The tectonic stress field plays an important role in the research of crustal stability, fault activity and the geological disaster effect. On the basis of related geological data, ANSYS and FLAC3D are applied in this paper to set up a reasonable geological structure model and boundary conditions, aiming at making a numerical simulation analysis of tectonic stress field in the southeast of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The result and the measured data fit better, which provides a reference for the further study of the project.
Study on Flood Pre-Discharged Rule-Making for Xihe Reservoir Flood Control
Authors: Liu Zhao , Wang Qing , Xi Qiu Yi , Jia Zhi Feng , Xu Chun Yan
Published: December 2013

In order to increase power generation of hydropower station,a higher flood control level was favorable for most of the hydropower station in flood season,but this could bring about high risk for reservoir operation sometimes.Taken Xihe reservoir for example in this paper,by analyzing the long series of the flood characters on damsite,storage and discharge capability of the reservoir,a feasible flood control level was put forward in the premise of ensuring flood control safety.Moreover,the pre-discharged rule was figured out on the basis of formulated pre-discharged index,pre-discharged flow and scheme comparison, finally, the safety of the rule application was confirmed by flood routing.It is expected that more power could be generated in flood season as a result of risen water level before the dam.
Cadmium Impairs Early Seedling Growth, Mineral and Carbohydrate Mobilization during the Germination of Rice Seeds
Authors: He Jun Yu , Ren Yan Fang , Lv Yin Fei , Chang Hui Qing
Published: December 2013

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant extremely toxic to plants and other living organisms including humans. To assess Cd phytotoxicity, the seedling growth, mineral (K, Fe, Zn) and carbohydrate contents and hydrolase activities in the endosperm and seedlings during rice seed germination subjected to Cd stress were investigated. The results showed that Cd caused a reduction in seedling growth and distribution of biomass, mineral contents, compared to the control. Cd accumulation in seedlings increased in the duration of treatment. Cd exposure caused a deleterious fall in mineral nutrient supply in seedlings. Moreover, Cd decreased the content of starch and sustained a higher level of soluble sugar in the endosperm of rice seeds. Activities of α-amylase and acid invertase were inhibited in Cd-treated seeds during the germination. The results suggest that Cd inhibits early seedling growth due to restriction of mineral and carbohydrate reserves mobilization.
Stable Isotope Analysis of Water Uptake Sources of Primary Forests in the Central Yunnan Karst Plateau
Authors: Fan Tao , Li Jie
Published: December 2013

Ecosystems in the central of Yunnan karst plateau are very fragile due to thin soil layer and intensive infiltration capacity of rock fracture, which result in a very limited amount of water storage for plant uptake. Water retention in the soil zone and shallow fractured rock zone (subcutaneous) is a key factor for plant growth. Distinction of water sources taken by karst plants is a challenging task for botanists and hydrologists but is needed for ecosystem management. In this study, stable isotope analysis was used to investigate water sources for Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides primary forests at Shilin Geopark in Bajiang vally, central Yunnan of China. Proportions of water sources for plant uptake were determined by the δD and δ18O values of plant stem water, and water taken from soil layers and the subcutaneous zone. The analysis reveals that water was mainly taken from the soil layers and to less degree the subcutaneous zone as well. In dry seasons with scarce precipitation, plants in the primary forest were prone to take more water from subcutaneous zone and deeper layer of soil. Different species had different water use strategies, Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides took a larger proportional water from the deeper layer of soil, suggesting its deeper roots and wider range of shallower roots. However, Olea yunnanensis and Pistacia weinmannifolia extracted more percentage of water from the deeper soil water and subcutaneous water because of its deeper roots.
Investigation and Study of Wild Vegetable Resources of the Upper Reach of the Minjiang River
Authors: Yang Zi Song
Published: December 2013

With an investigation of the wild vegetable plant resources in the upper reach of the Minjiang River, it was found that there are 183 species of wild vegetables belong to 62 families and 159 genera. It can help comprehensively developing, utilizing and protecting the wild vegetable plant resources for the sustainable development.
Effects of Ozone and Drought on Biomass Allocation of Four Seedlings in South China
Authors: Ye Long Hua , Bao Hai Yong , Wang Zhi Yun , Lie Gan Wen , Chen Hong Yue , Zhang Xue Ping , Chen Xiang , Ke Huan , Tian Xue Qin , Tan Jia De
Published: December 2013

Seedlings ofMichelia macclurei,Cinnamomum camphora,RhodoleiachampioniiandMytilaria laosensiswere placed in open-top chambers (OTC) with three ozonic treatments including E20 (20 ppb), E40 (nature air, 40 ppb) and E160 (160 ppb) and two water treatments. Root biomass, stem biomass and leaf biomass total biomass and root/shoot ratio of four seedling types were evaluated. The results showed that there were no significant differences in impacts of ozone stress and drought stress on root, stem, leaf, and total biomass ofM. macclureiamong different treatments. The biomass ofM. laosensisdecreased with increasing ozone concentration, whereas biomass ofC. camphoraandR. championiichanged irregularly. Most of the biomass of four kind seedlings under ozone and drought intercross stresses was lower than those under ozone stress. The root/shoot ratios of four seedling species were all low. The ratios under high concentration ozone (160 ppb) were lower than the control treatment. And the ratios of different treatments under drought were lower than those were not under drought when they were under the same concentration of ozone.
Research on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release from Sediments in Small Inland Freshwater Lakes
Authors: Xu Cheng Rui
Published: December 2013

Indoor simulation method was applied to study the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediments in small freshwater lake Huangjia Lake. Meanwhile, the grading determination method of inorganic phosphate was applied to study the existing form of inorganic phosphate in sediments. The results showed that sedimentary environment in various areas of Huangjia Lake would have influence on release of nitrogen and phosphorus. At the same time, the temperature and pH value were proved to have obvious influence on release of nitrogen and phosphorus.
Identification and Evaluation of the Virus-Induced Mosaic Camellia reticulata in Southwest China
Authors: Chang Qing , Li Pei , Wang Chen , Liu Xiao Ming , Zheng Wei
Published: December 2013

The virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata cultivars in southwest China were identified, and evaluated for their ornamental value and bio-security in landscape. The results show that 11 virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata cultivars are found. The virus in mosaic leaves is spherical, with 30-50 nm in diameter. For the mosaic leaves, the chloroplasts are degraded in the yellow macular region, and the content of chlorophyll is significantly decreased. However, the virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata grow normally, and with significantly improved of visual appeal due to mosaic leaves. Further, the virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata have no bio-security threats to the main crops and other landscape plants. Thus, the virus-induced mosaic Camellia reticulata can be cultivated normally in the landscape in southwest China.
The Model of the Integrated Control of Plant Pests with Natural Enemy
Authors: Lv Xu Ying , Yao Tian Wen , Wang Ding Jiang
Published: December 2013

This paper mainly indicates the pest-control problem by using the biological control and the pesticide control. Firstly, it analyzed the continuous changing population of the three species-plants, plant pest and natural enemy-and the pesticides’ effects to establish a three-species model of the pests’ integrated control. Secondly, the pest equilibrium points with the natural enemy and that without natural enemy were obtained. We discussed the stability of the equilibrium points by the Hurwitz theorem and the first approximation method of stability and got the sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability. Finally, numerical simulations were performed by Matlab to analyze and verify the integrated control of plant pests in the situations with some natural enemies and without enemy. Moreover, the effects of spraying pesticides which have different killing rates on enemy and plant pest were analyzed.
Plant Genetic Resources Management for Sustainable Development
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Zhang Hong Dao , Li Zheng Hong , Zhang Cheng , Li Ji Lin , Li Yu Xin , Zhang Yan Ming
Published: December 2013

The appearance of agriculture roughly 10,000 years ago disrupted the ecological balance of numerous systems. Fortunately, the process of domesticating plants and animals and the spread of agriculture were slow enough to allow a new equilibrium to emerge. Plant genetic resources include primitive forms of cultivated plant species and landraces, modern cultivars, obsolete cultivars, breeding lines and genetic stocks, weedy types and related wild species, which provide the building blocks that allow classical plant breeders and biotechnologists to develop new commercial varieties and other biological products. Therefore, it is obviously very important to manage plant genetic resources for sustainable development in all of country. This article describes the management of plant genetic resources from conservation to utilization, introduces the status of international cooperation for sustainable development and perspectives that the significant plant genetic resources management for sustainable development in the future.
Effect of Wind Power Station on Underlying Surface Soil Bulk Density in Northern China
Authors: Xie Yun Hu , Zhou Rui Ping , Cheng Cong Cong , Jiang Hong Tao , Li Xiao Jia , Zhang Min , Hai Chun Xing
Published: December 2013

This study sampled and tested the soil samples in wind power station of Huitengxile. Analyze soil bulk density in the different space and time and study the effect of wind power station on soil bulk density in different space and time. Results show that the mean soil bulk density of each year has the tendency of increase with the increase of depth in the range of 0 to 50 centimeters, but the increase extent is not much. The increase of soil bulk density in deep soil layer is the biggest in 1996 and the smallest in 2009 comparing that in the surface soil. The soil bulk density in the range of 0 to 40 centimeters is without obvious change regularity contrasting the control samples. The soil bulk density of control sample is greater than other experiment samples in the range of 40 to 50 centimeters. The change of topsoil soil bulk density is not significant with the increase of wind power station production time in the 10 to 30 centimeters. The change of soil bulk density is significant with the increase of wind power station production time at the depth of 40 to 50 centimeters. The mean soil bulk density takes the trend of decrease with the distance increasing from the wind power station base in different production time. The trend of mean soil bulk density is decreasing more significant in range of 0-60 meters. The change of mean soil bulk density is not big in the range of 80 to 100 meters from the base, and the value of soil bulk density trend to stability. It has not significant change contrasting the mean soil bulk density of different direction. The electricity generated by wind power has not effect on the direction of soil bulk density.
Ecological Water Requirement Estimates for Natural Vegetation in Arid Areas
Authors: Li Qin , Bao An Ming , Chen Xi , Sun Hai Jun , Pang Gui Bin
Published: December 2013

Data of natural vegetation coverage in the Central Asia and Xinjiang of Chinese in 2005 was obtained by statistical analysis on MODIS Land cover data, then the ecological water requirement (EWR) of natural vegetation was brought out which based on the evapotranspirtation (ET) retrieval using SEBS model and natural vegetation areas. Results showed that the total EWR of wood land and grass land during the 2005 growing season was 70.10×108m3 and 3251.91×108m3,respectively. It is applicable for reference in the project of regenerating ecology and rationally redistributing water resources in arid areas.
Effects of Sandbag Sand Barrier on Soil Hardness
Authors: Cheng Cong Cong , Yan De Ren , Jiang Hong Tao , Xie Yun Hu , Zhang Min , Hai Chun Xing
Published: December 2013

According to different specifications of sand barrier and different parts of dunes, soil hardness of topsoil and different depths of soil were measured, then analyzed the influences of sandbag sand barrier on soil hardness, the results show: The soil hardness of dunes which lay 1m × 1m, 2m × 2m and diamond 3 kinds of specifications sand barrier are significantly higher than the soil hardness of bare dunes (P<0.05), and the soil hardness of 1m × 1m, 2m × 2m sand barrier does not differ obviously, but significantly higher than the soil hardness of diamond sand barrier. The soil hardness of different parts of dunes which lay 1m × 1m, 2m × 2m sand barrier have similar trend, both the lower of windward slope > middle > upper, and the soil hardness of the 3 parts have significantly different (p<0.01), while diamond sand barrier have no significant trend. The soil hardness of 3 specifications sand barrier within a single barrier grid is unevenly distributed. Sandbag sand barrier have impact on vegetation, the soil hardness at different depths is indirectly affected by the vegetation to be affected.
Analysis of Ecological Landscape Pattern Change in the Poyang Lake Eco-Economic Zone of China
Authors: Liu Gui Ying , Wang Peng , Xie Hua Lin
Published: December 2013

In this paper, based on RS and GIS technology and landscape pattern analysis, the changes of ecological landscape in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone were analyzed from 1990 to 2005. Main results are as follows. There was a decreasing trend of wetland and forest from 1990 to 2005. The result of landscape pattern analysis showed that there was an increase in the degree of fragmentation of ecological landscape in the study area. The increased Perimeter-area fractal dimension indicated the shape of ecological landscape became more and more rules. Aggregation Index (AI) of lake increased from 86.0066 in 1990 to 86.123 in 2005, which showed that the overall aggregation degree of ecological landscape in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone is in rise.
Experimental Study on the Landscape Combined Sewage Treatment Technology
Authors: Song Li , Jiang Gui Fang , Xie Zhi Gang , Li Qing , Ding Wu Quan
Published: December 2013

In this paper, artificial wetland systems, aeration tanks, rapid filter combined biological wastewater treatment process facilities for domestic sewage treatment. Test systems,TN treatment effect, are higher than the value of surface water quality standard GB3838-2002 in V class standards.Treatment effect to achieve the urban sewage treatment plant pollutant discharge standards GB18918-2002 a class of emission standards, the treatment system, low cost, easy management, stable operation.
Analyzed the Toxicity of Ganaxolide on Phanerochaete chrysosporium by AFLP
Authors: Huang Wei , Liu Chang Bing , Lin Yu , Xiong Hong Xia , Hu Jian Bo
Published: December 2013

Galaxolide (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-γ-2- benzopyran, HHCB) is recognized as a novel contaminant in water and has potential adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. The toxic effect of HHCB on Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated by exposure of the fungus in nitrogen-limited culture medium to various concentrations of HHCB. DNA damage of P. chrysosporium by HHCB was detected. Comparing with that in the control, the percent polymorphism under different concentrations of HHCB increased, from 21.4% to 42.9%. In addition, the result of UPGMA (un-weighted pair group method of arithmetic means) dendrogram showed that the Simple Matching Coefficient (SM) was decreased with an increase in the concentrations of HHCB. Thus, as an environmental pollutant, HHCB has the toxic effect on P. chrysosporium at molecular level.
Study on Influence Factors of Land Price Based on Rough Set
Authors: Zhi Yan An , Bei Jia , Li Min Sun
Published: December 2013

The influence factors of land price can give reasonable explanation to the spatial pattern of land price, at the same time provide the scientific reference for real estate development, government price control and people satisfied with the purchase. Rough set deletes redundant attributes and simplifies data processing, reduces the large amount of datas complex computation, fully excavates intrinsic objective regularity of the data itself. Rough set has attribute reductions advantages, and has the significant advantages in the aspect of determining weights. The improved rough set to determine weight gives full consideration to the effects of each condition attribute to single attribute weight, that makes the calculating weights are more scientific and reasonable. Therefore, in this paper use the improved rough set to analyze the influence factors of Shanghai commodity housing land price, and compare the results with the results of grey correlation degree and principal component analysis combined with significant regression equation which also are the method of calculating the objective weight. Fully confirm that the rough set applied to the research of land price influence factors is scientific and reasonable, explain the spatial distribution pattern of Shanghai commodity housing land price, provide the reference for making and adjusting the local land market commodity residential land price, and provide a more advanced method for land price influence factors analysis and research in academic research.
The Analysis of Dynamic Change of Wetland in Liao River Basin Based on RS and GIS
Authors: Wu Song , Jiang Qi Gang , Lin Nan
Published: December 2013

Based on the GIS technology, ETM date of 2000 and CBERS date of 2007 have been used as main data source in this paper.The dynamic degree and transfer matrixof wetland in the study area have been analyzed in order to clear the dynamic change of the wetland in liaohe river water system area in recent years.The results show that the wetland area in liaohe river region during 2000-2007 is obviously the volatility of the whole the increasing trend,the river area and offshore area and coastal wetlands area have been decreased,the areas with decreased river area is mainly distributed in the north of liaohe river region and central region.The areas with increased artificial wetland is mainly distributed in the north centre of liaohe river region. The increase of artificial Wetland and swamp meadow wetland area mainly comes from the transformation of non wetland area,the wetland types and changes of areas also have some correlation among the temperature and precipitation.
A Study of Urban Thermal Environment Spatial Pattern in Harbin City Based on TM Image
Authors: Wang Lei , Yao Yun Long , Chen Jiao , Wang Lan Xia
Published: December 2013

This paper takes land surface temperature as main indicator of urban thermal environment. Using the TM images of September 22, 2010, Harbin city, we analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of land surface temperature by mono-window algorithm. The results can be summarized as follows. The land surface temperature of estimation in Harbin City was between 9 to 27 °C. According to temperature gradient of different colors, urban land surface temperature was significantly higher than the suburbs in Harbin, and there were a few places, that was, high temperature and low temperature area showed obvious heat island effect. Strong heat island area were in the multiple center, distributed in DaoWai District, Nangang District and along the railway. From the faubourgs to the downtown area, the proportion of heat island increased gradually, the more strong the heat island effect was in the area located in the centre. From the point of the cause of heat island distribution in Harbin city, urban construction, population growth and real estate development were the main influence factors. The results of the study has important reference value for improving ecological environment of Harbin City, and mitigating urban heat island effect.
Effects of DOM on the Migration of Cr (VI) in Soils
Authors: Fu Chuan , Dong Jian Feng , Fang Fang , Ping Wei , Lin Jun Jie
Published: December 2013

Dissolved organic matter is an important and active component in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. It has become a hotspot in environment science, with active functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino that can influence adsorption and migration of heavy metal contaminants in soil system. Through soil column leaching experiment the article demonstrates that Cr (VI) is dominated by physical adsorption in soils. By using DOM eluent and distilled water to leach at different temperatures in soil, this article shows that release ability of Cr increases with temperature rising, while its deposition capacity increases with temperature decreasing in Water Level Fluctuating Zone. Combined with Gibbs theory, Cr (VI) may take complexation reaction with DOM in soil medium. Thus, new substances appear under the proof of XRD graph.
Establishment of High Precision Horizontal and Vertical Control Network in Zoucheng City
Authors: Wang De Bao , Liu Yong Xiang , Yang Wen Jing
Published: December 2013

The paper uses D level, E level and the level of GPS control network establishment satellite space geodetic network in Zoucheng city, through the baseline calculating, classic adjustment of free network, three-dimensional unconstrained adjustment and two-dimensional constraint adjustment to get the WGS-84 three dimensional coordinates and 1980 xi 'an horizontal coordinates of control points; then using the fourth-order levelling connection survey all D-level and part E-level control points to build vertical control network, for the remaining GPS control points we utilize quadric function method using GPS elevation fitting given its elevation seek to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of all the basic control points.