bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trim72 is a major host factor protecting against lethal Candida albicans infection
Authors: Tan Wang , Liu Jiayu , Yu Renlin , Zhao Ping , Liu Yuhan , Lu Qian , Wang Ke , Ding Hao , Liu Yi , Lai Xiaofei , Cao Ju
Published: November 2024

Candida albicans is the most common aetiologic pathogen of fungal infections associated with high mortality in immunocompromised patients. There is an urgent need to develop new antifungal therapies owing to the poor efficacy and resistance of current antifungals. Here, we report that Trim72 positively regulates antifungal immunity during lethal fungal infection. Trim72 levels are significantly increased after Candida albicans infection. In vivo, Trim72 knockout significantly increases mortality, organ fungal burden and kidney damage in mice after lethal Candida albicans infection. Whereas recombinant Trim72 protein treatment protects mice against invasive candidiasis. Mechanistically, Trim72 facilitates macrophage infiltration and CCL2 production, which mediates Trim72-elicited protection against lethal Candida albicans infection. Furthermore, Trim72 may enhance macrophage migration and CCL2 production via NF-κB and ERK1/2 signaling. Inhibition of NF-κB and ERK1/2 signaling abrogates Trim72-mediated protection against lethal Candida albicans infection. Therefore, these data imply that Trim72 may be developed as a host-directed therapy for treating severe systemic candidiasis.
A cerâmica de paredes finas de Augusta Emerita: novos dados tipológicos a partir de um dos seus contextos de produção
Authors: Gadanho André
Published: November 2024

Apresenta-se um conjunto de cerâmicas de paredes finas de produção emeritense, provenientes de um contexto de produção identificado na atual cidade de Mérida (Badajoz, Espanha), onde se situava a capital provincial da Lusitânia, Augusta Emerita, em época romana. Trata-se de uma produção cerâmica que desde 1975, quando foi publicado Les céramiques à parois fines dans la Péninsule Ibérique por F. Mayet, que não é alvo de um estudo aprofundado tanto a nível tipológico como cronológico. Pretende-se com este artigo dar um contributo para a revisão de algumas das formas constantes dessa publicação, bem como dar a conhecer novas morfologias que foram identificadas a partir da análise artefactual deste mesmo contexto.
Datações de radiocarbono para o sítio de Carvalhais (Vila Nova de Paiva, Viseu): povoamento rural na Alta Idade Média
Authors: Afonso Vieira Marina
Published: November 2024

O sítio de Carvalhais enquadra-se no âmbito do povoamento rural de finais do Império Romano do Ocidente e da Alta Idade Média, situando-se na bacia hidrográfica do rio Paiva, mais propriamente no seu curso superior. Neste artigo são apresentados os resultados de sete datações por radiocarbono efetuadas pelo Laboratório de Groningen, com a respetiva calibração e intervalos, abarcando um período do século IV ao século VIII. Os dados são contextualizados com a estratigrafia e fases construtivas.
Natural Support for Autoimmune Rheumatic Conditions
Authors: Sutherland Liz
Published: November 2024

The prevalence of organ-specific and systemic autoimmune conditions is increasing worldwide. This rise is not attributable to improvements in diagnosis, but more likely to increasing exposure to a growing array of unavoidable environmental risk factors.
On the preservation of Lyapunov exponents of integrally separated systems of differential equations under small nonlinear perturbations
Authors: Vu Hoang Linh , Nga Ngo Thi Thanh
Published: November 2024

This paper addresses the Lyapunov exponents of non-vanishing solutions to quasi-linear time-varying systems of differential equations. The linear part is not required to be regular but it is assumed to be integrally separated, which ensures that the associated Lyapunov exponents are distinct and stable. The nonlinear perturbations are assumed to be small in a certain sense, though less restrictive than the condition in Barreira and Valls’ paper, J. Differential Equations 258(2015), 339–361. The main result is a Perron-type theorem for upper and lower Lyapunov exponents, offering an alternative to Barreira and Valls’ result. In addition, an analogous result holds for Bohl exponents.
Advancing and applying Blue Economy in the African Great Lakes
Authors: Van der Knaap M. , Munawar M. , Njiru J.M. , Aura C. M.
Published: November 2024

The three Great African Lakes (Victoria, Tanganyika, and Malawi/Niassa/Nyasa) are important for the Blue Economy growth of their riparian nations, providing, fisheries and aquaculture products, drinking water, microclimatic buffering, relatively cheap transport means, tourism, biodiversity, employment, and sources of energy (hydropower and oil). Economic growth comes with a cost in the form of pollution (municipal waste, industrial waste, sedimentation, agricultural run-off, land-use issues, etc.). Investments are required to augment benefits from improved regional collaboration to manage fisheries and aquaculture, restocking of certain fish species, strengthen transport, further develop tourism, and conserve biodiversity. Investments are also required to reduce the negative effects of climate change, invasive species, eutrophication, overfishing, waste disposal, polluting materials, oil spills in case of exploitation, and other threats to the well-being of the riparian populations, the profitability of economic activities and ecology of the lakes and their basins. The present paper reviews the various activities to advance the concept of the Blue Economy and highlights the utility and importance of lake management. There are excellent Blue Economy growth options for the three African Great Lakes.
Litterfall variation and soil nutrient dynamics in Swietenia macrophylla, Samanea saman and Bambusa blumeana woodstands: Implications for nutrient cycling and soil fertility
Authors: Saducos Abegail G
Published: November 2024

This study addresses the knowledge gap regarding litterfall dynamics in university wood stands, focusing on Tarlac Agricultural University and its diverse tree species. While extensive research exists on soil dynamics and litterfall in large-scale plantations and forested areas in the Philippines, university wood stands remain understudied. The research assesses and compares litterfall variation among Swietenia macrophylla, Samanea saman and Bambusa blumeana, exploring implications for nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and amelioration. Litterfall was collected using the catch net method, followed by soil nutrient analyses to establish correlations. Results indicate significant variations in litterfall quantity, organic matter, phosphorus, and nitrogen across akasya, mahogany, and kawayang tinik woodstands. S. macrophylla (mahogany) shows the highest litterfall production (39.97 gday-1), while S. saman (akasya) exhibits the highest organic matter content in both top and subsoil layers (2.23% and 1.69%). B. blumeana (kawayang tinik) woodstands demonstrate elevated nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the topsoil (0.09% and 27 ppm) while S. saman showing the highest levels in the subsoil (0.08% and 18 ppm). The study also highlights the influence of leaf senescence seasonality on litterfall production and species-specific nutrient composition in soil layers. Notably, kawayang tinik shows promise for soil amelioration due to its substantial litterfall production and positive soil quality impact. In conclusion, this research provides valuable insights into litterfall and soil nutrient dynamics in university wood stands, emphasizing the role of plant species and offering practical implications for soil management strategies. B. blumeana emerges as pivotal for enhancing soil fertility and amelioration, with broader implications for sustainable agriculture practices.
Phytochemical and pharmacological overview on Paerida foetida L. and Sphaeranthus amarnthoides Burm.f.: A Review
Authors: Jena Anima , Sahoo Nityananda , Damarasingu Prasanth , Kanthal Laxmi Kanta
Published: November 2024

The phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the plants Paerida foetida L. and Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm.f. are the goals of this review. The current study's findings are supported by the review literature and published research on the pharmacological and phytochemical characteristics of Sphaeranthus amaranthoides Burm.f. and Paerida foetida L. These plants are useful for antibacterial, anthelmintic, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-diabetic, hypolipidaemic, and hepatoprotective effects. The plant extracts were regarded as safe for animals according to toxicity studies. Both plants contain a variety of phytoconstituents, including tannins, terpenoids, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, and saponins, each of which has a distinct pharmacological action. For many years, people have been exploring the natural world to find novel phytoconstituents that have been employed in the treatment of various illnesses. It also offers a way to discover novel semisynthetic and synthetic molecules as well as new natural entities. This review article examines the claims, traditional knowledge, and phytochemical and pharmacological analyses of these plants, as well as their potential uses in the future.
Synergy of biochar and biofertilizers to improve bell pepper fruit biochemical quality with increased soil carbon, Azospirillum population and mycorrhization
Authors: Samyukta S M S , Viji M M , Manju R V , Anith K N , Nisha S K , Beena R
Published: November 2024

Sustainable crop production depends more on maintaining good soil health. Biochar significantly improves the soil's physical, chemical, biological and nutritional properties while aiding in carbon sequestration. Biofertilizers, which promote nutrient cycling, heavy metal chelation and the production of plant growth substances are crucial to sustainable agriculture. While the individual benefits of biochar and biofertilizers are well-documented, their combined effect in vegetable farming is less studied. The synergistic application of biochar and biofertilizers can improve soil health and nutrient dynamics, enhancing crops' biochemical properties. In a pot culture experiment, California Wonder bell peppers were treated with biochar and biofertilizers, including Azospirillum, Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM), and Serendipita indica. These were applied directly to the soil during transplanting. Results showed that plants treated with biochar + Azospirillum had higher flavonoid, total soluble protein and ascorbic acid content. Biochar + VAM treatment resulted in higher polyphenol content, total dry matter and root volume. S. indica reduced the vegetative period and induced earlier flowering. Biochar also increased soil organic carbon (2.89 %), improved the rhizosphere Azospirillum population and enhanced fungal endophytes' root colonization. Combining biochar and biofertilizer improves bell pepper plant performance, enhances biochemical parameters and improves soil health.
Impact of planting systems and nutrient management on growth and yield of maize and soybean in a maize + soybean cropping system
Authors: Umesh S K , Santhosh K , Paramesh V , Biswajyoti B
Published: November 2024

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2023 at Lovely Professional University, Punjab, using a split-plot design (SPD) with five main plot treatments and five subplot treatments, replicated three times, to evaluate the effects of intercropping and nutrient management on maize growth and productivity. The main plot treatments consisted of cropping systems: Sole maize (M1), Sole soybean (M2), Maize + Soybean (1:1, M3), Maize + Soybean (1:2, M4) and Maize + Soybean (2:3, M5). Subplot treatments included nutrient management strategies: Absolute control (S1), 100% RDF through inorganic fertilizers (S2), 70% RDF + NPK nano fertilizer spray (S3), 70% RDF + homemade NPK spray (S4) and 70% RDF + plant extract NPK spray (S5). Results indicated that monocropped maize and soybean systems outperformed intercropping in terms of growth and grain yield, with similar trends observed for stover yield. Among nutrient management practices, foliar application of plant extract NPK showed the most significant improvement, enhancing growth attributes and crop growth rate (CGR) by 14.1% in maize and 43.4% in soybean and increasing productivity by 18% in maize and 30.6% in soybean compared to the control. The interaction of maize and soybean with foliar plant extract NPK spray led to grain yield increases of 36.6% in maize and 50.7% in soybean compared to untreated controls. Furthermore, the crop equivalent yield and land equivalent ratio were maximized in the maizesoybean intercropping system at a 1:1 ratio. This study underscores the role of strategic nutrient management and intercropping in optimizing maize and soybean productivity, with foliar NPK plant extract spray showing the most promising results for enhancing growth and yield.
Forecasting rice blast disease severity using weather-dependent regression and time series models
Authors: Meena A G , Gopalakrishnan C , Patil Santosh Ganapati , Kamalakannan A , Jagadeeswaran R , Sathyamoorthy N K , Manonmani S
Published: November 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food crucial for food security and economic stability, especially in developing countries. However, rice cultivation faces significant challenges, with rice blast disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, being one of the most severe threats, potentially leading to yield losses of up to 30 %. This study aims to develop and apply regression models, including stepwise regression, multiple linear regression (MLR) and ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average), to predict the severity of rice blast disease based on weather parameters. Weekly data over 7 years (2017-2023) were collected from the Paddy Breeding Station at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, encompassing various weather factors such as temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and solar radiation. Data pre-processing included handling missing values, detecting outliers and creating time-lagged variables. The study revealed distinct seasonal patterns in rice blast incidence, with peak occurrences observed from mid-November to late January. Among the regression models, the ARIMA model incorporating weather variables as external regressors demonstrated superior performance with an R-squared value of 0.92, compared to 0.55 for stepwise regression and 0.57 for MLR. Accurate predictions of rice blast outbreaks could enable farmers and agricultural managers to implement timely and targeted disease management strategies, reducing dependence on broad-spectrum fungicides and minimizing crop losses. This study contributes to data-driven agriculture and disease management, potentially leading to more effective, economically viable and environmentally sustainable rice cultivation practices.
Optimizing hill banana (cv. Virupakshi) production: impact of biostimulants on yield, quality and shelf life, unveiling its phytochemical profile using GC-MS analysis and its pharmacological activity
Authors: Chinnasamy C S , Rajangam J , Kalpana K , Balakumbahan R , Venkatesan K , Anitha T , Muthuramalingam S , Sankar C , Kabilan M
Published: November 2024

This study assessed the impact of various biostimulants on the yield and quality of hill banana (Musa sp.) cv. Virupakshi in Kilakuchettipatti, Kodaikanal Taluk, Tamil Nadu, during 2023-2024. A Randomized Block Design (RBD), different concentrations of biostimulants were tested, including seaweed extract (2 % and 3 %), fulvic acid (2 % and 3 %), panchagavya (2 % and 3 %), moringa leaf extract (2 % and 4 %), protein hydrolysate (1 % and 2 %), vermiwash (2 % and 3 %) and orthosilicic acid (2 % and 4 %), along with a control group. The 3 % seaweed extract was the most effective, significantly improving yield and quality parameters compared to the control, which had lower acidity and higher values in bunch weight, bunch length, hand weight, finger length, pulp weight, peel weight, peel thickness, TSS, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars. The study also analyzed the phytochemical profile of bananas treated with 3 % seaweed extract, revealing enhancements in bioactive compounds like benzopyran, coumarin, allyl urea, and allyl alcohol, known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, the seaweed extract contained 40 major bioactive compounds, with 16 highlighted for their pharmaceutical activity. These findings suggest that biostimulants can enhance the nutritional and health benefits of bananas and improve cultivation practices.
Developing a learners' attitude scale for the 'Diploma in Agri Inputs (DAI)' program in open and distance learning (ODL)
Authors: Kathiresan S , Balasubramaniam P , Sriram N , Gangai Selvi R , Shanmugam P S
Published: November 2024

Attitude is a relatively enduring and general evaluation of an object, person, group, issue, or concept on a dimension ranging from negative to positive. It plays a vital role in the persuasion of one's behaviour concerning a particular psychological object. The present study aims to measure the attitude of learners towards the "Diploma in Agri Inputs (DAI)" programme offered through Open and Distance Learning (ODL) mode in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU). To accomplish this, a standardized attitude scale was developed using Likert's summated raring approach, which followed the steps of item collection, relevancy test, item analysis, reliability test, and validity test. A total of 45 statements were collected, of which 25 were retained after editing. The statements were sent to Judges to judge its proper relevancy with a 5-point continuum. Finally, 14 statements were selected equal to or greater than the "t" value of 1.75. The reliability coefficient was found to be 0.82, which showed the scale's reliability. The developed attitude scale will be useful for researchers and extension functionaries in similar studies. Moreover, results revealed that most (70.86 percent) ODL learners had highly favourable attitudes towards the DAI programme. The reason might be the various attracting factors of the DAI programme, such as the teaching-learning process, Knowledge generation through Personal Contact Programme (PCP) classes, Affordable fees, Course duration, Practical exposure to diagnosing pests and diseases, Advanced study material, Student-centred learning, Success stories of agripreneurs and 'Fertilizer dealership license'.
Machine Learning based modulation format classification framework for inter-satellite optical wireless communication system (IsOWCS)
Authors: Kaur Avneet , Singh Rajandeep , Kaur Ramandeep , Farooque Aitazaz A. , Singh Simranjit
Published: November 2024

The exponential growth in demand for high-capacity optical systems has driven the advancement of advanced modulation formats to upgrade transmission capacity and transmission quality. Effective fault diagnosis and self-configuration in inter-satellite optical wireless communication systems (IsOWCS) depend intensely on the generated data. Machine learning (ML) approaches offer promising solutions in evaluating the execution of these networks. In this study, a dataset was created using OptiSystem 18.0. The dataset was composed of various modulation formats such as duobinary, return-to-zero (RZ), non-return-to-zero (NRZ), 33 % RZ, chirped NRZ, vestigial sideband (VSB) NRZ, carrier-suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ), and VSB CSRZ. The classification of modulation formats has been presented in this study using ML. The dataset was created by varying input power from 0 to 20 dBm and evaluating parameters such as Q factor, input/output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), power, range, eye closure, amplitude, height, eye opening, output OSNR. Four ML classifiers were used to predict the classification of different modulation formats. Random forest (RF) classifier performed exceptionally well and achieved 100 % accuracy. Moreover, an interactive user-friendly web page was also developed using Anvil for modulation format classification. The proposed research underscores the significance of selecting the appropriate modulation format to optimize the performance and transmission distance of IsOWCS, subsequently enhancing the operation of high-speed optical communication systems.
Local Library Authorities in South Indian Public Libraries Acts: A Case Study
Authors: Barman Mitali , Lahkar Narendra
Published: November 2024

Legislation pertaining to public libraries is a helpful instrument for attaining state-mandated library services, financial support, resource and network sharing among libraries, and administrative effectiveness. In order to better understand the history of Public Libraries Acts in the Southern Indian states, this paper looks at a number of public library development aspects. Another focal point of the study is a comparative analysis of the provision of involvement of Local Library Authorities as well as their role and governance model in the Southern Indian states of India. The current work is based on data gathered from primary and secondary sources. To study the Public Libraries Acts of the southern states of India, the respective state government’s gazetteer notification and website of RRRLF were used as sources for data collection. The study has extensively analyzed the Local Library Authorities of Public Libraries Acts of South Indian States and made a comparative study among the different elements of the Local Library Authorities of the Public Libraries Acts. The study finds out that Kerala state has taken several distinctive steps in the development of its Local Library Authorities, including the establishment of block-level libraries. The study reveals that the local community and the Local Library Authorities have a tight relationship and are mutually fulfilling their objectives. Despite having sufficient provision for engagement of Local Library Authorities in the Public Libraries Act of the southern states, there is still debate about the proper implementation of the Acts.
Commutator of fractional integral with Lipschitz functions related to Schrödinger operator on local generalized mixed Morrey spaces
Authors: Celik Suleyman , Guliyev Vagif S. , Akbulut Ali
Published: November 2024

Let

L
=
−
△
+
V

L=-\bigtriangleup +V

be the Schrödinger operator on

R

n

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}

, where

V
≠
0

V\ne 0

is a non-negative function satisfying the reverse Hölder class

R

H

q

1

R{H}_{{q}_{1}}

for some

q

1

>
n
⁄
2

{q}_{1}\gt n/2

.

△

\bigtriangleup

is the Laplacian on

R

n

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}

. Assume that

b

b

is a member of the Campanato space

Λ

ν

θ

(

ρ

)

{\Lambda }_{\nu }^{\theta }\left(\rho )

and that the fractional integral operator associated with

L

L

is

ℐ

β

L

{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal I} }}}_{\beta }^{L}

. We study the boundedness of the commutators

[

b
,

ℐ

β

L

]

\left[b,{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal I} }}}_{\beta }^{L}]

with

b
∈

Λ

ν

θ

(

ρ

)

b\in {\Lambda }_{\nu }^{\theta }\left(\rho )

on local generalized mixed Morrey spaces. Generalized mixed Morrey spaces

M

p

→

,
φ

α
,
V

{M}_{\overrightarrow{p},\varphi }^{\alpha ,V}

, vanishing generalized mixed Morrey spaces

V

M

p

→

,
φ

α
,
V

V{M}_{\overrightarrow{p},\varphi }^{\alpha ,V}

, and

L

M

p

→

,
φ

α
,
V
,

{

x

0

}

L{M}_{\overrightarrow{p},\varphi }^{\alpha ,V,\left\{{x}_{0}\right\}}

are related to the Schrödinger operator, in that order. We demonstrate that the commutator operator

[

b
,

ℐ

β

L

]

\left[b,{{\mathcal{ {\mathcal I} }}}_{\beta }^{L}]

is satisfied when

b

b

belongs to

Λ

ν

θ

(

ρ

)

{\Lambda }_{\nu }^{\theta }\left(\rho )

with

θ
>
0

\theta \gt 0

,

0
<
ν
<
1

0\lt \nu \lt 1

, and

(

φ

1

,

φ

2

)

\left({\varphi }_{1},{\varphi }_{2})

satisfying certain requirements are bounded from

L

M

p

→

,

φ

1

α
,
V
,

{

x

0

}

L{M}_{\overrightarrow{p},{\varphi }_{1}}^{\alpha ,V,\left\{{x}_{0}\right\}}

to

L

M

q

→

,

φ

2

α
,
V
,

{

x

0

}

L{M}_{\overrightarrow{q},{\varphi }_{2}}^{\alpha ,V,\left\{{x}_{0}\right\}}

; from

M

p

→

,

φ

1

α
,
V

{M}_{\overrightarrow{p},{\varphi }_{1}}^{\alpha ,V}

to

M

q

→

,

φ

2

α
,
V

{M}_{\overrightarrow{q},{\varphi }_{2}}^{\alpha ,V}

, and from

V

M

p

→

,

φ

1

α
,
V

V{M}_{\overrightarrow{p},{\varphi }_{1}}^{\alpha ,V}

to

V

M

q

→

,

φ

2

α
,
V

V{M}_{\overrightarrow{q},{\varphi }_{2}}^{\alpha ,V}

,

∑

i
=
1

n

1
⁄

p

i

−

∑

i
=
1

n

1
⁄

q

i

=
β
+
ν

{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}1/{p}_{i}-{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}1/{q}_{i}=\beta +\nu

.
Emission dynamics and spectrum of a nanoshell-based plasmonic nanolaser spaser
Authors: Aradian Ashod , Caicedo Karen , Cathey Andres , Mora Milena , Recalde Nicole , Infusino Melissa , Veltri Alessandro
Published: November 2024

We study theoretically the emission and lasing properties of a single nanoshell spaser nanoparticle with an active core and a plasmonic metal shell. Using time-dependent equations for the gain medium and metal, we calculate the lasing threshold through an instability analysis. Below threshold, the nanoshell acts as an optical amplifier when excited by an external probe field, while above threshold, it enters a regime of autonomous lasing. At the gain threshold, the lasing starts at one frequency, typically a plasmon resonance of the nanoparticle. With increasing gain, the emission then broadens to additional frequencies. This result contrasts with previous findings reporting only a single emission wavelength above threshold. We also compute the full spectrum and linewidth of the nanolaser, revealing strong frequency shifts and an asymmetrical lineshape. Finally, we demonstrate that the emission line can be tuned across the visible spectrum by modifying the aspect ratio of the nanoshell.
Exploring the role of vault complex in the nervous system: a literature review
Authors: Daneshpour Arian , Rezvanimehr Ali , Niktalab Pegah , Sharif Helia , Yazdanpanah Niloufar , Saleki Kiarash , Rezaei Nima
Published: November 2024

Vault RNAs (vtRNAs) are a novel group of non-coding RNAs that are involved in various signaling mechanisms. vtRNAs are joined by three proteins major vault protein (MVP), vault poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (VPARP), and telomerase-associated protein 1 (TEP1) to form the vault complex. In humans, only four vtRNA including vtRNA 1-1, vtRNA 1-2, vtRNA 1-3, vtRNA 2-1) have been discovered. In nerve cells, vtRNA is involved in synapse formation through MAPK signaling. vtRNA travels to the distal area of neurites as a key unit in the vault complex. Moreover, tRNA is detached from the vault complex in the neurite via a mitotic kinase Aurora-A–reliant MVP phosphorylation. Several molecules contribute to the formation of vtRNAs. For instance, SRSF2 and NSUN2 and their attachment to vtRNA1-1 determines the production of small-vtRNAs. Through the same factors, vtRNAs could play a role in neurodevelopmental deficits. Addition the role of vtRNA expression and vault proteins has been recently studied in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Huntington’s disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as well as brain cancers. While the mechanisms of vtRNA involvement in neurological disorders is not well-demonstrated, we believe this could be related to the impact of vtRNA regulation in autophagy, immunoregulation, RNA stability, cellular stress, apoptosis, and regulation of other epigenetic pathways. The present review captures the state-of-the-art regarding the role of vtRNAs in neurodevelopment, normal nervous system function, and neurological disorders.
Spiritualität und Musik – Medical Humanities und Healing Arts
Authors: Ohls Isgard
Published: November 2024

Wenngleich die wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit dem Zusammenhang von Musik und Spiritualität noch in den Anfängen steckt, besteht ein sowohl historisch gut bezeugter als auch für die psychotherapeutische Praxis relevanter Zusammenhang beider Bereiche. Zu erwähnen sind hierbei übergeordnete Zusammenhänge im Bereich von Religion, Musik und Körperlichkeit, Resonanzphänomene in Musik, Spiritualität und Therapie sowie speziell der Bereich von Musiktherapie und Seelsorge. Drei Schnittstellenbereiche stehen beispielhaft für den Zusammenhangs von Musik und Spiritualität: die Kirchenmusik/sakrale Musik; die neue Fächerdisziplin Medical Humanities & Healing Arts im Kontext der Schulmedizin; sowie die Palliativmedizin. In diesen Formen einer musikalischen Praxis des Glaubens mit therapeutischer Intention wird die enge Bezogenheit von Musik und Spiritualität besonders deutlich erkennbar.
The interaction between modality and negation in Turkish
Authors: Baturay Meral Semra , Meral Hasan Mesut
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the scope interaction between modality and negation in Turkish. We observe that modals display a complex picture of scope interaction with negation: both possibility and necessity modals can have scope above or under negation on the one hand and both epistemic and root modals can take wide scope over or narrow scope under negation. This suggests that modals are interpreted in accordance with modal relations, bases, and sources closely associated with discourse and pragmatic factors, but not with lexical idiosyncrasies through which modals are classified as Modal1, Modal2. The study also presents empirical evidence for the idea that scope relations are determined by syntactic structure, indicating that complex grammatical operations are unnecessary to maintain the linear order of the sentence. This suggests that Turkish exhibits scope rigidity in syntax-semantics interface, a situation also noted for scope relations between NPIs and negation. For otherwise cases where scope relations are not read off syntactically, we offer LF movement of negation to a higher position, an operation which has already been introduced for independent grammatical phenomena such as NPI licensing. Hence, there is no need to postulate overt or covert head movement of modals to structurally higher positions to outscope negation.
Implications of incorporating CrFeNiTiZn high-entropy alloy on the tribomechanical and microstructure morphology behaviour of A356 composites processed by friction stir processing
Authors: Dwivedi Shashi Prakash , Sharma Shubham , Khan Aqib Mashood , Kumar Rakesh , Bisht Yashwant Singh , Kalyani Teku , Kumar Abhinav , Abbas Mohamed
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the impact of incorporating a CrFeNiTiZn High Entropy Alloy (HEA) into the A356 aluminum matrix through the friction stir processing (FSP) technique. The CrFeNiTiZn HEA, renowned for its compositional complexity and high-performance potential, was incorporated into the A356 alloy with different weight percent combinations to enhance its mechanical and tribological characteristics. The results revealed a refined microstructure characterized by solid solution phases and potential intermetallic compound formation due to the HEA addition for A356/2 %Cr2 %Fe2 %Ni2 %Ti2 %Zn composition. Strong interfacial bond strength was also observed among the matrix and reinforcement particles for the A356/2 %Cr2 %Fe2 %Ni2 %Ti2 %Zn composition. The number of grains was found to be about 1820.34 (average grain size is 686 µm) for A356/2 %Cr2 %Fe2 %Ni2 %Ti2 %Zn processed composite with FSP per square inch at 500 magnifications. The A356/2 %Cr2 %Fe2 %Ni2 %Ti2 %Zn composite exhibited improved tensile strength (35.70 %) and hardness (63.33 %) after the addition of 2 %Cr2 %Fe2 %Ni2 %Ti2 %Zn into A356 alloy, attributed to the strengthening effect of HEA particles. Furthermore, wear resistance is notably enhanced, likely due to the synergistic effects of the HEA’s inherent hardness and the modified microstructure.
Sensing capability of molten salt synthesize (K, Na) NbO3 ceramic powder
Authors:   Department of Physics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Visakhapatnam-45, India, Chakram D. S. , Godavarti U. ,   Department of Physics, CMR technical campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Kavitha C. ,   Department of Physics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Visakhapatnam-45, India, Dasari M. ,   Department of Physics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Visakhapatnam-45, India
Published: November 2024

At room temperature, K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ceramic particles were tested for sensing. This study
synthesized K0.5Na0.5NbO3 particles using molten salts. X-ray diffraction and scanning
electron microscopy were employed to understand the material. The gas-sensing properties
of a novel material family are greatly improved. Sodium potassium niobate granules detect
ammonia at room temperature. This material offers excellent temporal sensitivity and a
quick response. The sample has oxygen shortages, according to Photoelectron X-ray
spectroscopic investigations.
Synthesis and characterization of MoSe2 doped Co nanoparticles for advanced photocatalytic activity using MB dye
Authors:   Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Salem - 636007, Tamil Nadu, India, Bagyalakshmi S. , Uthrakumar R. ,   Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College (Autonomous), Salem - 636007, Tamil Nadu, India, Aravindan S. ,   Department of Physics, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tirupur - 641602, Tamil Nadu, India, Parasuraman K. ,   Department of Physics, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600 119, India, Kaviyarasu K. ,   UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa
Published: November 2024

MoSe2-infused the sol-gel process was used to create Co nanoparticles, which will aid in
photocatalytic degradation. Reducing the usage of hazardous chemicals and creating a
green, ecologically friendly process for the production of both pure and doped MoSe2
nanoparticles were the primary goals of this effort. Furthermore, the impact of co-doping
on photocatalysis activity was noted. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
analysis, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, the manufactured particles were examined using
X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was
thoroughly characterized. About 93% of the methylene blue dye was removed from the
doped samples after 150 minutes, indicating a considerable increase in photocatalytic
activity
Photocatalytic performance of Ag/CuBi2O4/TiO2 heterostructures
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan, Huang M. H. , Hsu K. C. ,   Department of Marine Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80543, Taiwan, Fang T. H. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan, Shih C. J. ,   Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, Fu Y. S. ,   Department of Greenergy, National University of Tainan, Tainan 701027, Taiwan
Published: November 2024

In this study, CuBi2O4 materials were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method.
CuBi2O4 and TiO2 materials were mixed in different proportions. After verifying that
CuBi2O4 and TiO2 are in a 1:5 ratio, optimal photodegradation of methylene blue under UV
light irradiation is achieved. Under the existing heterostructure nanocatalyst of CuBi2O4 and
TiO2, when a little noble metal or rare earth element is doped, a little Ag is added to
understand the changes in photocatalysis and its characteristics. The Ag-doped TiO2 powder
was ground with the optimal quantitative ratio of CuBi2O4 powder to form Ag/TiO2/CuBi2O4
heterostructure catalysts for photocatalytic degradation evaluation. Photocatalytic behavior
in methylene blue degradation under UV-light irradiation demonstrates that the
Ag/TiO2/CuBi2O4 heterostructure nanocatalyst, doped with 11 wt.% Ag, achieves superior
photocatalytic activity. The degradation efficiency reaches 82.65% after 2 hours, which is a
significant improvement of 34.28% over the original CuBi2O4/TiO2’s 48.37%. Finally, the
photocatalytic mechanism of CuBi2O4/TiO2 in Ag-doped heterostructure nanocatalysts was
discussed.
Digital Didactics Embedded in Ethnomathematics Assessment of Online Mathematics Instruction
Authors: Ali Clement Ayarebilla
Published: November 2024

Online and e-learning programmes have shifted the power bloc to the learner within their cultural settings. In a case study-based qualitative design, the researchers sampled 40 student-teachers to produce and laminate works of prominent women scientists’ contributions. The data was collected through observations and unstructured interviews. The items were coded on four 7-point Likert scales to represent the planning and design (satisfaction), teaching and learning (reflection), as and through learning (priority), formative assessment (quality), and assessment of virtual class (satisfaction). In qualitative content analysis, the medians predominantly pooled 6 while the modes pooled between 5 and 8 (multimodal). In cases where the median was greater than the mode, we had positive skewness and the reverse was negative skewness. The Spearman’s correlation coefficients showed that only one pair recorded strong positive correlation and two to three pairs recorded strong negative correlations. The chi-square tests for independence showed the null hypothesis was rejected to mean that there were associations among the variables. It was concluded that digital didactics was the central point for the design and use of teaching and learning. It was therefore concluded that digital didactics innovated mathematics instruction and learning.
PROPUESTA TAXONÓMICA PARA LAS CABECERAS DE SERIES DE FICCIÓN TELEVISIVA
Authors: Magro-Vela Silvia
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es plantear una propuesta para clasificar los diferentes tipos de openings que se utilizan al comenzar un episodio y que conviven en la actualidad en el ecosistema de las series de ficción televisiva. Este fin viene determinado por dos cuestiones primordiales: de un lado, la ausencia de modelos taxonómicos específicos para el estudio de las cabeceras; de otro, la relevancia adquirida en las últimas décadas por la ficción en el medio televisivo, que se ha erigido como centro gravitacional de la programación de muchos canales. La llegada de las plataformas ha hecho que se intensifique esta cualidad y aumente la producción. A pesar de la dificultad que supone establecer categorías, se ha perfilado un conjunto de grupos que sirven como base para realizar una observación más completa y compleja que favorece la investigación y revierte en un mayor conocimiento de estos reductos creativos.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Focus on Ghrelin
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine, Tymchyi K.I. , Heisun A.A. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine, Kryshchyk O.V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine, Lesnovska O.V. ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Ukraine, Sapronova V.O. ,   Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

Today, diseases of the digestive organs remain one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine. Scientists pay considerable attention to the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying the development of these pathologies. In recent years, new hormones and neurotransmitters have been discovered that regulate energy metabolism and eating behavior, including ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone with various biological features and effects: it stimulates the release of growth hormone, stimulates appetite, has an anabolic effect, and affects carbohydrate metabolism. At the current stage, the biological effects of ghrelin are known, namely appetite regulation, anabolic effects, influence on the secretion of other hormones, and the work of the digestive system. The main expression of the hormone is concentrated in the stomach and decreases along the digestive tract. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by a high level of circulating ghrelin in the blood. Ghrelin protects the gut by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine release and neutrophil infiltration. Ghrelin exerts an antioxidant effect by increasing the release of nitric oxide in the intestine. This paper describes the main physiological mechanisms of ghrelin action in the gastrointestinal tract
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Accessing Antenatal Care at The Federal Medical Centre Ebute Metta, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Adekola Saheed A. , Adefoluke Dorcas Jolaoluwa , Makinde Arinola , Zeberu Abdulahi M. , Dhikroh Oriyomi Adekola , Enemuo Nkiru I. , Ojedapo Victor O.
Published: November 2024

Background: the study aimed to assess the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women at the Federal Medical Centre, Ebute Metta (FMCEB), Lagos State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: this is a retrospective study of GDM cases at the FMCEB Lagos. Two hundred and thirty-four (234) pregnant women at 24 weeks of gestation and above were screened for GDM between the periods of November 2018 to November 2019. During Antenatal clinics, all pregnant women at 24 weeks of gestation and above who were considered to be at risk after undergoing preliminary clinical examination were given a 75g oral glucose load, using the World Health Organization standardized oral glucose tolerance test. GDM was diagnosed if 2 hours of plasma glucose was ≥140 mg/dl. Results: the prevalence of GDM among expectant mothers was 44 (18.8%) and the mean age of women with GDM was 34.5±7.3 years while the age ranged between 20 to 50 years. The age group of 35-39 years old had the highest prevalence of GDM among the studied patients. Specifically, 31.8% (14 out of a total unknown number) of GDM patients belonged to this age group. In contrast, only 2.3% of the subjects were 50 years old, which suggests a significantly lower prevalence of GDM in this age group. Conclusion: the high prevalence of GDM reported in this study highlights the need for increased screening and management of GDM in Nigeria. Further research is needed to develop standardized protocols for the screening and management of GDM in Nigeria, particularly in resource-limited settings.
São Tomé e Príncipe
Authors: Nascimento Augusto
Published: November 2024

A tentação da neutralização da oposição, “herdada” do colonialismo ditatorial, subsiste desde os primórdios da independência. Ainda durante a transição política após o 25 de Abril, beneficiando de uma conjuntura favorável e, em particular, do reconhecimento da OUA, o Movimento de Libertação de São Tomé e Príncipe, partido histórico da independência, neutralizou a Frente Popular Livre, uma débil formação conservadora, e a Associação Cívica Pró-MLSTP, um grupo de jovens radicalizados que passou subitamente de útil a incómodo. Antes da independência, a bem da imperiosa unidade, cerceou-se a mínima expressão da divergência dos intentos, mais intuídos do que explícitos, do MLSTP. À independência, seguiram-se quinze anos de regime de partido único. Após a adoção da democracia representativa em 1990, passou a existir alternância no poder resultante de eleições livres e justas. Em todo o caso, ocasionais locuções indiciavam a menor acomodação com as regras democráticas. Vários atos denunciaram o desejo de neutralização política dos opositores. Recentemente, corolário da sageza de uma estratégia política de longo prazo, poderá ter chegado o momento de maior dificuldade para a democracia, o mesmo é dizer, para qualquer oposição. Neste texto, para além de uma perspetiva histórica, ensaiaremos identificar os fatores avessos – entre outros, provações e carências, pulsões para a adesão à figura redentora e ao “pulso forte”, relativa facilidade de captura e de desvio de finalidade das instituições – à performance das oposições numa exígua sociedade islenha.
Glottodydaktyczne implikacje traumy wojennej na przykładzie uchodźców ukraińskich uczących się języka polskiego
Authors: Grzybowski Szymon
Published: November 2024

The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine sparked Poland' s largest refugee crisis, prompting an examination of Ukrainian refugees well-being in language courses. This study explores trauma's psychological impact on language education, advocating tailored teaching materials for refugees. By analyzing popular resources, specific criteria are proposed to address Ukrainian refugees challenges in language learning. Methodological considerations stress teacher readiness and adaptive approaches. Further research is urged to refine teaching methods for refugees in Polish language courses post-conflict.
Qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de Schinopsis brasiliensis tratadas com bioestimulantes
Authors: Oliveira Valdeir de Souza , Porcino Mirelly Miguel , Nascimento Luciana Cordeiro do
Published: November 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar à eficiência de bioestimulantes a base de aminoácidos sobre a qualidade fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de baraúna. O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Fitopatologia, da UFPB, Campus II, Areia-PB. As sementes foram adquiridas de cinco plantas matrizes localizadas no município de Baraúna, Paraíba. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: Testemunha (Água destilada esterilizada); fungicida (Captana (240 g/100 kg); AgroMos® (300 mL/100 L); Folha Top®Aminoagro (0,5 L ha-1) Liqui-Plex® Fast (150 mL/100L); Liqui-Plex® CaMg+B (150 mL/100L); Liqui-Plex® (150 mL/100L); Bonder Master® RR Ultra (0,5 L ha-1). Foi avaliada, através do Blotter Test, a incidência de fungos nas sementes, com resultados expressos em %. Nos testes de germinação de sementes e emergência de plântulas, foram avaliados o percentual de germinação e emergência e índice de velocidade de germinação e emergência, com resultados expressos em %. Para ambos os testes foram avaliados comprimento e massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz das plântulas, com resultados expressos em g. Os produtos comerciais Liqui-Plex® Bonder e Master® RR são eficientes no controle de Aspergillus sp., Aspergillus niger e Penicillium sp. em sementes de baraúna. O produto comercial Folha Top® Aminoagro, aumenta a taxa de germinação das sementes.
Adatok a honfoglalás kor régészeti időrendjéhez és a kelet-európai 10. századi dirhemforgalom kérdéséhez
Authors: Al Halabi Suleman , Türk Attila , Prohnenko Igor A.
Published: November 2024

Absztrakt

A tiszacsomai (Choma, Чома, UA) 3. sírban talált dirhemet a honfoglalás kori régészeti kutatás az egyetlen olyan dirhemként tartotta számon, mely a 10. század második feléből származik. A kopott és hiányos pénzlelet pontos meghatározása ezért ellenőrzést igényelt egy, az arab nyelvben és numizmatikában járatos szakértő segítségével. 2024-ben lehetőség nyílt a lelet személyes vizsgálatára, mely a honfoglalás kori régészeti időrend pontosítása mellett jelentős betekintést nyújt a 9–10. századi kufikus érmék egykori Kárpát-medencei forgalmába. Az aprólékos elemzés megkérdőjelezte a korábban elfogadott hipotéziseket az iszlám dirhemek folyamatos 10. századi beáramlásáról a régióban. Vizsgálatunk során arra jutottunk, hogy a korábbi dirhemleletek alapján megfogalmazott elképzelés, mely szerint a dirhemforgalom a térségben valószínűleg megszakadt 301–331 AH (914–943) után, továbbra is alátámasztható. A tiszacsomai említett dirhemlelet ugyanis a legnagyobb valószínűséggel al-amīr Nasr Ibn Ahmad vereteként határozható meg. Az eredmények azt hangsúlyozzák, hogy további régészeti ásatások és új felfedezések szükségesek, hogy mélyebb betekintést nyerhessünk a Kárpát-medencében az iszlám pénzforgalom komplex dinamikájának megismerésébe. Az időközben előkerült új kárpátaljai dirhemleletek elterjedése ugyanakkor fontos támpontot szolgáltat a Kárpátok hágóinak feltételezett, mindmáig megválaszolatlan korabeli használatára is.