bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In silico prediction of ARB resistance: A first step in creating personalized ARB therapy
Authors: Anderson Shane D. , Tabassum Asna , Yeon Jae Kyung , Sharma Garima , Santos Priscilla , Soong Tik Hang , Thu Yin Win , Nies Isaac , Kurita Tomomi , Chandler Andrew , Alsamarah Abdelaziz , Kanassatega Rhye-Samuel , Luo Yun L. , Botello-Smith Wesley M. , Andresen Bradley T.
Published: November 2020

Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockers (ARBs) are among the most prescribed drugs. However, ARB effectiveness varies widely, which may be due to non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) within the AT1R gene. The AT1R coding sequence contains over 100 nsSNPs; therefore, this study embarked on determining which nsSNPs may abrogate the binding of selective ARBs. The crystal structure of olmesartan-bound human AT1R (PDB:4ZUD) served as a template to create an inactive apo-AT1R via molecular dynamics simulation (n = 3). All simulations resulted in a water accessible ligand-binding pocket that lacked sodium ions. The model remained inactive displaying little movement in the receptor core; however, helix 8 showed considerable flexibility. A single frame representing the average stable AT1R was used as a template to dock Olmesartan via AutoDock 4.2, MOE, and AutoDock Vina to obtain predicted binding poses and mean Boltzmann weighted average affinity. The docking results did not match the known pose and affinity of Olmesartan. Thus, an optimization protocol was initiated using AutoDock 4.2 that provided more accurate poses and affinity for Olmesartan (n = 6). Atomic models of 103 of the known human AT1R polymorphisms were constructed using the molecular dynamics equilibrated apo-AT1R. Each of the eight ARBs was then docked, using ARB-optimized parameters, to each polymorphic AT1R (n = 6). Although each nsSNP has a negligible effect on the global AT1R structure, most nsSNPs drastically alter a sub-set of ARBs affinity to the AT1R. Alterations within N298 –L314 strongly effected predicted ARB affinity, which aligns with early mutagenesis studies. The current study demonstrates the potential of utilizing in silico approaches towards personalized ARB therapy. The results presented here will guide further biochemical studies and refinement of the model to increase the accuracy of the prediction of ARB resistance in order to increase overall ARB effectiveness.
Assessing the effects of agricultural intensification on natural habitats and biodiversity in Southern Amazonia
Authors: Göpel Jan , Schüngel Jan , Stuch Benjamin , Schaldach Rüdiger
Published: November 2020

The ongoing trend toward agricultural intensification in Southern Amazonia makes it essential to explore the future impacts of this development on the extent of natural habitats and biodiversity. This type of analysis requires information on future pathways of land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) under different socio-economic conditions and policy settings. For this purpose, the spatially explicit land-use change model LandSHIFT was applied to calculate a set of high-resolution land-use change scenarios for the Brazilian states Para and Mato Grosso. The period of the analysis were the years 2010–2030. The resulting land-use maps were combined with maps depicting vertebrate species diversity in order to examine the impact of natural habitat loss on species ranges as well as the overall LULCC-induced effect on vertebrate diversity as expressed by the Biodiversity Intactness Index (BII). The results of this study indicate a general decrease in biodiversity intactness in all investigated scenarios. However, agricultural intensification combined with diversified environmental protection policies show least impact of LULCC on vertebrate species richness and conservation of natural habitats compared to scenarios with low agricultural intensification or scenarios with less effective conservation policies.
The epidemiology of muscle-strengthening exercise in Europe: A 28-country comparison including 280,605 adults
Authors: Bennie Jason A. , De Cocker Katrien , Smith Jordan J. , Wiesner Glen H.
Published: November 2020

Objective

Muscle-strengthening exercise (use of weight machines, free weights, push-ups, sit-ups), has multiple independent health benefits, and is a component of the Global physical activity guidelines. However, there is currently a lack of multi-country muscle-strengthening exercise prevalence studies. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of muscle-strengthening exercise across multiple European countries.

Methods

Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013–14), which included nationally representative samples (n = 3,774–24,016) from 28 European countries. Muscle-strengthening exercise was assessed using the European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. Population-weighted proportions were calculated for (1) “insufficient” (0–1 days/week) or (2) “sufficient” muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Prevalence ratios were calculated using multivariate Poisson regression for those reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening by country and by sociodemographic/lifestyle characteristics (sex, age, education, income, self-rated health etc.).

Results

Data were available for 280,605 European adults aged ≥18 years. Overall, 17.3% (95% CI = 17.1%-17.5%) reported sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise (≥2 days/week). Muscle-strengthening exercise was geographically patterned with the lowest prevalence reported in South-eastern European countries (Romania, Malta and Cyprus: range: 0.7%-7.4%), and the highest prevalence in the Nordic countries (Iceland, Sweden, and Denmark: range: 34.1%-51.6%). Older age, insufficient aerobic activity, poorer self-rated health, lower income/education, being female, and being overweight/obese were significantly associated with lower likelihood of reporting sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, independently of other characteristics.

Conclusions

Most European adults do not report sufficient muscle-strengthening exercise, and prevalence estimates varied considerably across countries. Low participation in muscle-strengthening exercise is widespread across Europe, and warrants public health attention.
Renin angiotensin system genes are biomarkers for personalized treatment of acute myeloid leukemia with Doxorubicin as well as etoposide
Authors: Turk Seyhan , Turk Can , Akbar Muhammad Waqas , Kucukkaraduman Baris , Isbilen Murat , Demirkol Canli Secil , Malkan Umit Yavuz , Okay Mufide , Ucar Gulberk , Sayinalp Nilgun , Haznedaroglu Ibrahim Celalettin , Gure Ali Osmay
Published: November 2020

Despite the availability of various treatment protocols, response to therapy in patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) remains largely unpredictable. Transcriptomic profiling studies have thus far revealed the presence of molecular subtypes of AML that are not accounted for by standard clinical parameters or by routinely used biomarkers. Such molecular subtypes of AML are predicted to vary in response to chemotherapy or targeted therapy. The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is an important group of proteins that play a critical role in regulating blood pressure, vascular resistance and fluid/electrolyte balance. RAS pathway genes are also known to be present locally in tissues such as the bone marrow, where they play an important role in leukemic hematopoiesis. In this study, we asked if the RAS genes could be utilized to predict drug responses in patients with AML. We show that the combined in silico analysis of up to five RAS genes can reliably predict sensitivity to Doxorubicin as well as Etoposide in AML. The same genes could also predict sensitivity to Doxorubicin when tested in vitro. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis revealed enrichment of TNF-alpha and type-I IFN response genes among sensitive, and TGF-beta and fibronectin related genes in resistant cancer cells. However, this does not seem to reflect an epithelial to mesenchymal transition per se. We also identified that RAS genes can stratify patients with AML into subtypes with distinct prognosis. Together, our results demonstrate that genes present in RAS are biomarkers for drug sensitivity and the prognostication of AML.
A educação fiscal e a cidadania
Authors: Barbosa Daniela Maciel Peçanha Santana , Nunes Marcus Antonius da Costa
Published: November 2020

Este estudo trata-se de um Delineamento Sequencial Exploratório, visando contribuir com a formação cidadã dos alunos dos anos finais do ensino fundamental, no âmbito da Educação Fiscal. Utilizou-se de dados quantitativos, obtidos por meio do método estatístico, para auxiliar na interpretação dos resultados qualitativos, anteriormente verificados com a pesquisa bibliográfica e com os questionários. Como sujeitos, 94 alunos dos anos finais do ensino fundamental da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Bom Sucesso, São Mateus-ES, e como foco a Oficina Pedagógica “Vendinha Capixaba”, integrante do Programa Estadual de Educação Tributária do Espírito Santo, a qual revelou ter impactos positivos no conhecimento desses alunos. Diante do método indutivo, infere-se que o conhecimento dos alunos que cursam os anos finais do ensino fundamental sobre as questões fiscais é, no geral, modesto, e que esses alunos, ao participarem da oficina pedagógica, estão aptos a adquirir bastante conhecimento sobre o assunto, sendo importante a concentração de esforços para que o tema seja trabalhado com os alunos dessa etapa do ensino, notadamente por meio da metodologia ativa.
El final del silencio dictadura, sociedad y derechos humanos en la transición: Argentina, 1979-1983
Authors: Quiriti Gabriela
Published: November 2020

Reseña cr´ítica de: El final del silencio dictadura, sociedad y derechos humanos en la transición: Argentina, 1979-1983, FCE, 2018.
Editorial: See You in Nashville for the 2018 International Rural Nursing Conference
Authors: Fahs Pamela Stewart
Published: November 2020

DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v17i2.508
EMOGI
Authors: Min Seung Won , Mailthody Vikram Sharma , Qureshi Zaid , Xiong Jinjun , Ebrahimi Eiman , Hwu Wen-mei
Published: November 2020

Modern analytics and recommendation systems are increasingly based on graph data that capture the relations between entities being analyzed. Practical graphs come in huge sizes, offer massive parallelism, and are stored in sparse-matrix formats such as compressed sparse row (CSR). To exploit the massive parallelism, developers are increasingly interested in using GPUs for graph traversal. However, due to their sizes, graphs often do not fit into the GPU memory. Prior works have either used input data pre-processing/partitioning or unified virtual memory (UVM) to migrate chunks of data from the host memory to the GPU memory. However, the large, multi-dimensional, and sparse nature of graph data presents a major challenge to these schemes and results in significant amplification of data movement and reduced effective data throughput. In this work, we propose EMOGI, an alternative approach to traverse graphs that do not fit in GPU memory using direct cache-line-sized access to data stored in host memory.

This paper addresses the open question of whether a sufficiently large number of overlapping cache-line-sized accesses can be sustained to 1) tolerate the long latency to host memory, 2) fully utilize the available bandwidth, and 3) achieve favorable execution performance. We analyze the data access patterns of several graph traversal applications in GPU over PCIe using an FPGA to understand the cause of poor external bandwidth utilization. By carefully coalescing and aligning external memory requests, we show that we can minimize the number of PCIe transactions and nearly fully utilize the PCIe bandwidth with direct cache-line accesses to the host memory. EMOGI achieves 2.60X speedup on average compared to the optimized UVM implementations in various graph traversal applications. We also show that EMOGI scales better than a UVM-based solution when the system uses higher bandwidth interconnects such as PCIe 4.0.
Real-time distance-based outlier detection in data streams
Authors: Tran Luan , Mun Min Y. , Shahabi Cyrus
Published: November 2020

Real-time outlier detection in data streams has drawn much attention recently as many applications need to be able to detect abnormal behaviors as soon as they occur. The arrival and departure of streaming data on edge devices impose new challenges to process the data quickly in real-time due to memory and CPU limitations of these devices. Existing methods are slow and not memory efficient as they mostly focus on quick detection of inliers and pay less attention to expediting neighbor searches for outlier candidates. In this study, we propose a new algorithm, CPOD, to improve the efficiency of outlier detections while reducing its memory requirements. CPOD uses a unique data structure called "core point" with multi-distance indexing to both quickly identify inliers and reduce neighbor search spaces for outlier candidates. We show that with six real-world and one synthetic dataset, CPOD is, on average, 10, 19, and 73 times faster than M_MCOD, NETS, and MCOD, respectively, while consuming low memory.
Seagull
Authors: Poppe Olga , Amuneke Tayo , Banda Dalitso , De Aritra , Green Ari , Knoertzer Manon , Nosakhare Ehi , Rajendran Karthik , Shankargouda Deepak , Wang Meina , Au Alan , Curino Carlo , Guo Qun , Jindal Alekh , Kalhan Ajay , Oslake Morgan , Parchani Sonia , Ramani Vijay , Sellappan Raj , Sen Saikat , Shrotri Sheetal , Srinivasan Soundararajan , Xia Ping , Xu Shize , Yang Alicia , Zhu Yiwen
Published: November 2020

Microsoft Azure is dedicated to guarantee high quality of service to its customers, in particular, during periods of high customer activity, while controlling cost. We employ a Data Science (DS) driven solution to predict user load and leverage these predictions to optimize resource allocation. To this end, we built the Seagull infrastructure that processes per-server telemetry, validates the data, trains and deploys ML models. The models are used to predict customer load per server (24h into the future), and optimize service operations. Seagull continually re-evaluates accuracy of predictions, fallback to previously known good models and triggers alerts as appropriate. We deployed this infrastructure in production for PostgreSQL and MySQL servers across all Azure regions, and applied it to the problem of scheduling server backups during low-load time. This minimizes interference with user-induced load and improves customer experience.
RapidMatch
Authors: Sun Shixuan , Sun Xibo , Che Yulin , Luo Qiong , He Bingsheng
Published: November 2020

A subgraph query searches for all embeddings in a data graph that are identical to a query graph. Two kinds of algorithms, either graph exploration based or join based, have been developed for processing subgraph queries. Due to algorithmic and implementational differences, join-based systems can handle query graphs of a few vertices efficiently whereas exploration-based approaches typically process up to several tens of vertices in the query graph. In this paper, we first compare these two kinds of methods and prove that the complexity of result enumeration in state-of-the-art exploration-based methods matches that of the worst-case optimal join. Furthermore, we propose RapidMatch, a holistic subgraph query processing framework integrating the two approaches. Specifically, RapidMatch not only runs relational operators such as selections and joins, but also utilizes graph structural information, as in graph exploration, for filtering and join plan generation. Consequently, it outperforms the state of the art in both approaches on a wide range of query workloads.
Neural Network Based Drive Cycle Analysis for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Authors: Krithika V. , Subramani C.
Published: November 2020

The progress of automobiles for transportation has been intimately associated with the progress of civilization. The main aim of this article is to develop a vehicle that can run on internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric motor efficiently and lower the fuel usage for a trip. The goal of this article is to analyze the driving speed of a vehicle and switch the energy sources based on the prediction given by a neural network. This ultimately reduces the fuel consumption when compared with a regular vehicle that is powered entirely by fuel. The neural network used in this paper is built using TensorFlow, which is considered one of fastest machine-learning libraries ever, which in turn helps in switching, thus leading to efficiency. The outcome of progress in the automobile sector in the present day is the accumulation of many years of pioneering research development. The usage of battery during low torque helps in reducing the heat dissipation in peak times; furthermore, the usage of ICE during high torque balances the economy of the vehicle.
Sustainable Construction Supplier Selection by a Multiple Criteria Decision-making Method with Hesitant Linguistic Information
Authors: Liao Huchang , Ren Ruxue , Antucheviciene Jurgita , Šaparauskas Jonas , Al-Barakati Abdullah
Published: November 2020

Within the context of resource constraints and ecological environment imbalance, the adoption of green suppliers can help construction enterprises achieve sustainable development and improve their competitiveness. The selection of sustainable construction suppliers is a multi-criteria decision-making problem since multiple factors should be considered. The increasingly complex decision-making environment makes it difficult for evaluators to give accurate evaluation values. In this regard, the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set is a qualitative evaluation tool to represent the comprehensive linguistic evaluation values of experts by considering the hesitancy behaviors of experts. In this paper, a scientific multi-criteria decision-making model based on the improved Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method and the double normalization-based multi-aggregation (DNMA) method in the hesitant fuzzy linguistic environment is proposed. A new distance measure is proposed to measure the differences between hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets with different lengths without changing the original evaluation information of experts. The proposed distance measure is applied to the proposed multi-criteria decision-making model. After improving the calculation steps of the traditional SWARA method, we can determine the weights of criteria effectively through our proposed model. To verify the applicability of the proposed method, we implement it to select sustainable building suppliers. The effectiveness of the method is verified by sensitivity analysis. We also compare the results obtained by our method and those derived by the Weight Aggregated Sum Product ASsessment (WASPAS) method and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The proposed method have a strong applicability to solve the sustainability-related decision problems given that it can effectively determine the weights of criteria and flexibly meet the needs of decision-makers by adjusting the coefficient.
Transmission of Financial Stress Shocks between the USA and the Euro Area During Different Business Cycle Phases
Authors: Dajčman Silvo , Kavkler Alenka , Mikek Peter , Romih Dejan
Published: November 2020

This paper examines the transmission of financial stress shocks between the USA and the euro area for recessionary and non-recessionary regimes in the shock-recipient economy. The investigated period is 1999M1–2017M11, which includes several episodes of recessionary and non-recessionary regimes, endogenously determined by the model, as well as several financial stress episodes. After testing for non-linearity, we employ a five-variable Bayesian threshold vector autoregression model using internationally compatible data for financial stress indices. Our results show significant non-linearities in the financial stress-business cycle interactions for the euro area. In comparison to the non-recessionary regime, the US financial stress shocks are more detrimental to the stability of the European financial system, output growth, and inflation in recessions. US financial stress shocks negatively affect euro area unemployment rate, but the effect is independent of the euro area industrial production growth regime. In contrast, the stability of the US financial system is not susceptible to the euro area’s financial stress shocks. However, due to trade ties, the financial stress in the euro area does lead to output contraction, while not affecting inflation and unemployment in the US. We also found that US industrial production growth and unemployment rate are susceptible to domestic financial stress shocks, more in the recessionary than non-recessionary episodes of the US economy. The results suggest a need for a careful domestic and foreign financial stress monitoring and coordination of monetary authorities. While this may profit both economic areas, this is relevant more for the European Central Bank than its US counterpart.
Black Generational Politics and the Black Lives Matter Movement
Authors: Board Marcus , Spry Amber , Nunnally Shayla C. , Sinclair-Chapman Valeria
Published: November 2020

Despite its advocacy for justice and accountability in the American political system, the Movement for Black Lives is still considered controversial among groups of Americans. The in-your-face and unapologetic tone of today’s movement stands in contrast to romanticized narratives of the peaceful, nonviolent activism of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. The movement’s titular organization, Black Lives Matter, openly rejects respectability politics—the notion that individuals and groups must conform to the expectations of white mainstream norms to protect themselves from the harms of white racism and discrimination. In this article, we examine whether generational politics affect Black attitudes toward protest movements, focusing especially on the Black Lives Matter organization. We expect that protest politics are affected by generations of Black Americans who have been socialized in different eras of social and political advocacy with differing views about the actions that are acceptable for Black politics. Consistent with prior literature, we anticipate that generational differences in attitudes toward contestation, varying awareness about the political and social goals of new movements, differences in access to political information, and overall generational socialization toward respectability politics will all affect the degree to which Black Americans support the Movement for Black Lives. Using national-level data from the 2016 Collaborative Multiracial Post-Election Survey (CMPS), we find that prior theories of generational politics do not fully explain support for Black Lives Matter. Unexpectedly, we find that older generations of Black Americans are more supportive of the movement than younger generations of Black Americans. We do not find strong evidence of generational effects interacting with awareness of the movement, political opportunity structures, or respectability politics, which suggests the diminishing effects of generational differences along with traditional factors that influence support. Our results underscore the need for research on generational effects to consider the context of political socialization, which varies across generations.
The survival through online Sociodrama: COVID-19, what do you want to tell me?
Authors: Castro Amanda , Vidal Gabriela Pereira , Silveira Bruno da Silva da , Oliveira Daniela Cardoso de
Published: November 2020

This article presents an account of an online sociodrama experience. The described session took place in the context of a study group containing 36 participants, including psychology students and psychologists. The meeting took place through an online application that allows video conferencing (Zoom). The proposed theme was: “Covid19, what do you want to tell me?” The action research has a socio-therapeutic focus, with the direction of the session centered on collective creation. The instruments included the director, the scenario, the protagonist, the supporting role, and the public. A final observation was that the online sociodrama created spaces for reorganizing social roles, even in social isolation and crisis.
The accuracy of holes drilled in the side surface of plywood
Authors: Sydor Maciej , Rogoziński Tomasz , Stuper-Szablewska Kinga , Starczewski Karol
Published: November 2020

Dimensional accuracy of machining translates into susceptibility to defects in assembly of furniture elements. In the initial drilling phase, the tip of the drill may slip due to the properties of the workpiece, which may result in inaccurate machining. Taking this into account, it was decided to investigate this phenomenon for drilling in the side of the plywood board. Samples for testing were made of 18 mm thick, 13 layer birch-alder plywood, covered with melamine film, glued with phenol-formaldehyde glue. With the use of an industrial dowel drilling machine, 30 holes in each of three examined layer were made. All holes were made parallel to the layers – on the side of the plywood board, and their axes were located in three adjacent layers: the birch veneer layer, the adhesive layer, and the alder veneer layer. Two types of geometric accuracy of holes were analyzed: the distance between the real center of the hole and the nominal position and also the inclination of the hole axis from the nominal axis. The holes made in the adhesive layer showed approximately twice larger deviations compared with the holes made in two adjacent layers of veneer. There was no significant relationship between the deviations of the angle of holes axis and the inaccuracies in the position of their centers. Main conclusion: When drilling in the side surface of the plywood board, less accurate holes are obtained if the hole axis is located in the adhesive layer, and there is more accuracy if the hole axis is located in the veneer layer.
Assessment of pine biomass density through mid-infrared spectroscopy and multivariate modeling
Authors: Via Brian K. , Fasin Oladiran , Pan Hui
Published: November 2020

The assessment of wood biomass density through multivariate modeling of mid-infrared spectra can be useful for interpreting the relationship between feedstock density and functional groups. This study looked at predicting feedstock density from mid-infrared spectra and interpreting the multivariate models. The wood samples possessed a random cell wall orientation, which would be typical of wood chips in a feedstock process. Principal component regression and multiple linear regression models were compared both before and after conversion of the raw spectra into the 1st derivative. A principal component regression model from 1st derivative spectra exhibited the best calibration statistics, while a multiple linear regression model from the 1st derivative spectra yielded nearly similar performance. Earlywood and latewood based spectra exhibited significant differences in carbohydrate-associated bands (1000 and 1060 cm-1). Only statistically significant principal component terms (alpha less than 0.05) were chosen for regression; likewise, band assignments only originated from statistically significant principal components. Cellulose, lignin, and hemicelllose associated bands were found to be important in the prediction of wood density.
Determination of the parameters of coherent magneto-optical layers on a finite absorbing substrate from thermal radiation spectra
Authors:   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Morozhenko V.O. , Maslov V.P. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine, Bariakhtar I.V. ,   Department of Physics, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467-3804, USA, Kachur N.V. ,   V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 41, prospect Nauky, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

A possibility of determining the parameters of a coherent magneto-optical layer on a finite incoherent absorbing substrate by analyzing the spectra of its thermal radiation (TR) has been investigated. On the example of a plane-parallel InAs semiconductor plate silver-coated on the back surface, it has been shown that a complex analysis of TR spectra, both without and with the presence of magnetic field, makes it possible to determine the thickness, optical, magneto-optical and electric parameters of the layer. Algorithms for the calculation and analysis of TR spectra are adduced, which simplify determination of layer parameters and increase the accuracy of results. Comparing the position of the extremes of the experimental zero-field spectrum with the theoretical calculations, the thickness of the sample and the plasma oscillation frequency in the used semiconductor have been determined. The analysis of the relative contrast of interference oscillations in the TR spectrum in the magnetic field using previously defined parameters enabled to ascertain the spectral dependence of the Faraday rotation angle and to determine the concentration, effective mass and type of current carriers. It has been assumed, that such analysis of luminescence spectra also allows determining the parameters of magneto-optical layers and structures.
Modeling of In0.17Ga0.83N/InxGa1–xN/AlyGa1–yN light emitting diode structure on ScAlMgO4 (0001) substrate for high intensity red emission
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh, Hussain S. , Rahman Md.M. ,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh, Prodhan Md.T. ,   Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Published: November 2020

An In0.17Ga0.83N light emitting diode (LED) structure on ScAlMgO4 (0001) substrate is modeled for high intensity red emission. The high indium composition (In > 15%) inside the c-plane polar quantum well (QW) for longer wavelength emission degrades the structural and optical properties of LEDs because of induced strain energy and quantum confinement Stark effect. To compensate these effects, it has been demonstrated by simulation that an AlyGa1–yN cap layer of 2 nm thick and Al composition of 17% deposited onto QW of 3 nm thick and In composition of 35% will allow to have less defect density and higher intensity red emission at 663 nm than that of In0.17Ga0.83N/InxGa1–xN LEDs grown on ScAlMgO4 (0001) substrate. This LED structure has perfect in-plane equilibrium lattice parameter (αeq = 3.249 Å) and higher logarithmic oscillator strength (Γ = –0.93) values.
The Challenge of Islamic Education in 21st Century
Authors: Uyuni Badrah , Adnan Mohammad
Published: November 2020

AbstractIslam is the way of life. And the Islamic education system is called a holistic approach to learning as it was in the early days of Islamic civilization. Islamic education, therefore, is considered and placed in a very noble position as it emphasizes the importance of the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge over other human activities. The background of this article sets out to assess the Challenges of Islamic Education in the 21st Century by bringing up some brief literature and analysis. In this article there are several topics related to the nature of Islamic education in Islamic education, the reality of Islamic education, Reform of Islamic education in the 21st century in the sectoral sector, curriculum, strengthening human resources, the Islamization of science by embodying Islamic values in science as part of education, the development and strengthening of Soft skills and management as well as entrepreneurial spirit is an inevitable need. But all of that will be able to work well and even become a force for the revival of the Islamic ummah if moral learning and gratitude for everything become the foundation for all reforms carried out in Islamic Education in the 21st Century and beyond.Keywords: Islamic Education, 21st Century, Challenge Abstrak Islam adalah cara hidup. Dan sistem pendidikan Islam disebut dengan pendekatan pembelajaran holistik seperti pada masa-masa awal peradaban Islam. Pendidikan Islam, oleh karena itu, dianggap dan ditempatkan pada posisi yang sangat mulia karena menekankan pentingnya perolehan dan penyebaran pengetahuan atas aktivitas manusia lainnya. Artikel ini dilatarbelakangi untuk mengkaji Tantangan Pendidikan Islam di Abad 21 dengan mengemukakan beberapa literatur dan analisis singkat. Pada artikel ini terdapat beberapa topik yang berkaitan dengan hakikat pendidikan Islam dalam pendidikan Islam, Realitas pendidikan Islam, Reformasi pendidikan Islam abad 21 pada sektor sektoral, kurikulum, penguatan sumber daya manusia, Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan dengan mewujudkan Islam. nilai-nilai dalam ilmu pengetahuan sebagai bagian dari pendidikan, pengembangan dan penguatan Soft skill dan manajemen serta jiwa kewirausahaan merupakan kebutuhan yang tak terelakkan. Namun semua itu akan mampu berjalan dengan baik bahkan menjadi kekuatan bagi kebangkitan umat Islam jika pembelajaran akhlak dan rasa syukur atas segala hal menjadi landasan bagi semua reformasi yang dilakukan dalam Pendidikan Islam di abad 21 dan seterusnya.Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Islam, Abad 21, Tantangan
Perfil dos Psicólogos Brasileiros que Utilizam Testes Psicológicos: Áreas e Instrumentos Utilizados
Authors: Reppold Caroline Tozzi , Wechsler Solange Muglia , Almeida Leandro da Silva , Elosua Paula , Hutz Claudio Simon
Published: November 2020

Resumo O artigo teve como objetivo apresentar um levantamento sobre o perfil dos psicólogos brasileiros que utilizam testes psicológicos no que tange a sua(s) área(s) de atuação, ao uso que fazem dos instrumentos psicológicos em suas práticas e aos testes que utilizam com maior frequência no exercício profissional. Participaram do estudo 668 psicólogos, que exerciam a profissão, em média, a 14,06 anos (DP = 11,34). Os dados foram coletados em plataforma on-line, por meio de questionário que está sendo utilizado em vários países da América do Sul, divulgado a todos os psicólogos brasileiros com apoio de órgãos da classe. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde são as áreas mais prevalentes de atuação principal dos psicólogos brasileiros. Testes psicológicos são utilizados principalmente para fins psicodiagnósticos. Os grupos etários mais frequentemente cobertos pelas avaliações realizadas são adultos. Os testes psicológicos mais utilizados são destinados a avaliação de personalidade ou inteligência. A lista inclui Teste Palográfico, HTP, Rorschach, Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade e as Escalas Wechsler de Inteligência. Os testes projetivos/expressivos ou gráficos são os mais usuais para avaliação da personalidade. A maioria das respostas obtidas na análise dos cinco testes mais utilizados refere-se a algum teste considerado favorável para uso pelo Satepsi. Destaca-se a extensão da lista dos testes citados, o que indica que os psicólogos estão atentos aos novos instrumentos e às opções de que dispõem para qualificar as avaliações realizadas. Contudo, é grande o número de instrumentos utilizados que não têm avaliação certificada de suas propriedades técnicas.
(In)visibilidade Lésbica na Saúde: Análise de Fatores de Vulnerabilidade no Cuidado em Saúde Sexual de Lésbicas
Authors: Lima Michael Augusto Souza de , Saldanha Ana Alayde Werba
Published: November 2020

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar a vulnerabilidade em saúde sexual e as práticas preventivas frente a infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) nas relações afetivo-sexuais de lésbicas. Tratou-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, de caráter transversal e qualitativo. A amostra foi composta por 18 participantes mulheres, brasileiras, que se autodefinem lésbicas, com idades variando de 19 a 42 anos (M = 26; DP = 6,1). Para a coleta dos dados, foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise categorial temática. Foram evidenciados que os supostos métodos existentes não seriam próprios, específicos ou pensados para a prevenção às IST entre mulheres, tendo em vista que a maioria destes meios de prevenção seriam adaptações de métodos já existentes ou adaptações de itens que originalmente seriam utilizados com outras finalidades. Conclui-se que elementos de ordem programática parecem influenciar de maneira mais intensa para a situação de maior vulnerabilidade à saúde das lésbicas, embora estes também estejam relacionados a elementos individuais e sociais.
Plantas medicinais e ritualísticas dos Kaiowá do Tekoha Taquara como contribuição para a demarcação da terra ancestral, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Million Janae Lyon , Veron Valdelice , Vilharva Kellen Natalice , Cáceres Natanael Vilharva , Oliveira Regina Célia
Published: November 2020

Resumo A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com um grupo Kaiowá, do tronco linguístico Tupi-Guarani. O território Kaiowá é denominado Tekoha. Esse grupo vem ocupando uma fazenda cujo território, embora tenha sido reconhecido como a terra original do Tekoha Taquara em 2010 pela Fundação Nacional do Índio, teve a demarcação suspensa por liminar. A ocupação é considerada ilegal e, os indígenas vêm sendo dizimados. As lideranças Kaiowá nos desafiaram a mostrar que o conhecimento que detêm sobre a flora local, seria uma evidência que legitima a reivindicação da área. Para atender a reivindicação o trabalho foi alicerçado sob hipóteses: recursos iguais estão disponíveis aos indígenas e não indígenas e são valorizados distintamente; os Kaiowá possuem conhecimento exclusivo; as plantas da tradição ocorrem na região. Foram feitas turnês guiadas com sete especialistas. Documentaram-se as espécies em herbário, os nomes em guarani e português, usos e partes utilizadas. Compilaram-se as espécies medicinais da literatura e dos bancos de dados dos herbários. O Fator de Consenso dos Informantes (FIC) dos usos foi comparado com artigos. As 90 espécies registradas compõem a maior lista entre artigos com indígenas do MS. Compilou-se 659 espécies medicinais usadas no MS. Das espécies compiladas, 61,1% são citadas exclusivamente no Taquara. O FIC mostrou baixa similaridade. Os Kaiowá usam misturas de plantas na medicina, o que é raramente citado. Os indígenas citam espécies que não mais ocorrem na área. Os resultados apoiam as hipóteses indicando a especificidade do conhecimento dos Kaiowá do Taquara e é um sustentáculo do reconhecimento da área ancestral.
Flora do Ceará, Brasil: Lentibulariaceae
Authors: Guedes Felipe Martins , Matias Lígia Queiroz
Published: November 2020

Resumo Este estudo compreende as espécies da família Lentibulariaceae ocorrentes no estado do Ceará, caracterizadas por apresentarem estruturas vegetativas altamente modificadas para captura de presas como forma de nutrição suplementar. Neste trabalho são apresentadas descrições morfológicas, chave de identificação, comentários taxonômicos, ilustrações, fotografias e dados de distribuição geográfica das espécies. Lentibulariaceae encontra-se representada, na área de estudo, pelos gêneros Genlisea e Utricularia, abrangendo 17 espécies: G. filiformis, U. adpressa, U. cornuta, U. cutleri, U. erectiflora, U. flaccida, U. foliosa, U.gibba, U. hydrocarpa, U. jamesoniana, U. juncea, U. pubescens, U. pusilla, U. resupinata, U. simulans, U. subulata e U. trichophylla. Oito espécies foram registradas em cinco Unidades de Conservação: APA do Lagamar do Cauípe, APA de Jericoacoara, APA do Lagamar do Cauípe, APA da Serra de Ibiapaba, PARNA de Ubajara e TI Jenipapo-Kanindé.
Armazenamento de sementes colhidas de diferentes posições do escapo floral para obtenção de plantas da bromélia imperial - Alcantarea imperialis
Authors: Tamaki Vívian , Carvalho Camila Pereira , Lazarini Rosmari Aparecida de Morais , Nievola Catarina Carvalho
Published: November 2020

Resumo A deiscência não simultânea dos frutos de bromélias deve ser considerada para fins de propagação por sementes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o melhor método para produção de plantas da bromélia imperial considerando a colheita simultânea das sementes de diferentes posições do escapo floral no período da deiscência dos frutos da base e seu armazenamento para posterior uso na obtenção de plantas. As sementes foram colhidas da base, meio e topo do escapo floral e armazenadas por 26, 61, 154 e 213 dias a 10 °C e a 25 °C. Foram avaliadas a emergência de plantas em gerbox com papel de filtro e a germinação e crescimento in vitro com 10, 20 e 30 g.L-1 de sacarose. As sementes colhidas da base e armazenadas por até dois meses a 10 °C foram as que apresentaram maior porcentagem de emergência de plantas (57%) e a melhor concentração de sacarose para germinação in vitro foi de 10 g.L-1 e para o crescimento, 20 g.L-1. Considerando-se a vulnerabilidade desta bromélia, o aproveitamento, ao mesmo tempo, das sementes de todo o escapo floral pode ser uma estratégia de conservação.
Estrutura e processo de trabalho para implantação da teleconsulta médica no Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil, um estudo transversal com dados de 2017-2018
Authors: Catapan Soraia de Camargo , Willemann Maria Cristina Antunes , Calvo Maria Cristina Marino
Published: November 2020

Resumo Objetivo Comparar estrutura e processo de trabalho na Atenção Básica para implantação da teleconsulta médica em municípios de diferentes regiões e portes populacionais (mil habitantes: <25; 25-100; >100). Métodos Estudo transversal, com análise descritiva e bivariada, sobre dados de 2017-2018, para avaliar disponibilidade de computador com internet, câmera, microfone e caixa de som, e processo de trabalho das equipes (utilizar Telessaúde, central de regulação e fluxo de comunicação). Resultados Analisadas 30.346 UBS e 38.865 equipes, a presença de equipamentos para teleconsulta entre UBS variou de 1,2% em municípios grandes do Norte a 26,7% em municípios pequenos do Sul. O processo de trabalho variou de 10,7% em municípios pequenos do Norte a 39,5% em municípios grandes do Sul. Comparados ao Sul, municípios médios do Norte (OR=0,14 - IC95% 0,11;0,17) e do Nordeste (OR=0,21 - IC95% 0,18;0,25) tiveram menores chances de dispor dos equipamentos necessários. Conclusão Significativas desigualdades regionais recomendam investimentos em Saúde Digital.
Mesh Fixation in Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair: Absorbable vs. Non-Absorbable Tacks
Authors: F Iriarte , JF Alberti , RE Croceri , P Medina , DE Pirchi
Published: November 2020

Background: Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is an accepted technique for the treatment of primary inguinal hernias. There are several ways of mesh fixation including absorbable, non-absorbable staplers and even human fibrin glue. Little evidence is found when looking for a difference in recurrence rates between the first two.
Conclusion
Authors: Broumas Antonios
Published: November 2020

The intellectual commons exhibit propensities with a positive potential for society, bearing ethical substance but are in need of protection and advancement under the auspices of law. Theories of the intellectual commons provide substantial justifications for the promotion of commons-oriented institutions in contemporary societies. In this chapter the author details afresh the tendencies, manifestations and moral dimensions of the intellectual commons and how the social research in this book provides empirical evidence about the existence of distinct sequences and circuits of social value circulating. This leads directly to the justification of an Intellectual Commons Law. What might be the fundamentals of such a new body of law? The crucial first step, it is argued, would be the reconstitution of the public domain as a common space of sharing, collaboration, innovation, and freedom of expression through policies for its protection, expansion and enrichment. Secondly, a commons-oriented legal framework ought to unconditionally recognise and protect the creative practices within commons-based peer production and guarantee the characteristics of societal constitutionalism encountered in intellectual commons communities. Finally, commons-oriented legal institutions ought to introduce sets of extensive rights to access, work upon and transform information, knowledge and culture for non-commercial purposes. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future legal research focusing on particular fields within commons-oriented policymaking reimagining the commons-based elements already present within intellectual property law proposing their reconstruction in a novel and systematic way into an independent commons-oriented body of law.
CURSOS PROFISSIONALIZANTES NAS PRISÕES: UTILITARISMO ECONÔMICO OU MANUTENÇÃO DO DESEMPREGO?
Authors: Leal Tatiana Cavalcanti de Albuquerque , Barbosa Ana Clotilde Coutinho
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento de quantas pessoas em livramento condicional efetivamente trabalham em ocupações nas áreas dos cursos técnicos ou profissionalizantes que haviam feito na prisão, a fim de compreender se os cursos realizados realmente fornecem perspectivas futuras aos egressos do sistema prisional. Sabe-se que a inserção do ex-detento no mercado de trabalho é marcada por sérias dificuldades e desafios relacionados aos estigmas que sofrem em decorrência da condenação a um crime. A implantação de assistência educacional dentro dos cárceres surge como estratégia para tornar os sujeitos mais capacitados para o mercado de trabalho e, consequentemente, para a vida de volta na sociedade. Em linhas gerais, foi verificado que a realização de cursos profissionalizantes forneceu perspectivas de trabalho na área destes cursos apenas para uma minoria dos sujeitos, sendo o aproveitamento direto significativamente menor para as mulheres.
The Characteristics of Locally Led Development in the Pacific
Authors: Roche Chris , Cox John , Rokotuibau Mereani , Tawake Peni , Smith Yeshe
Published: November 2020

There is a growing recognition of the effectiveness of locally led processes of social change and development. However, most of the case studies that have been discussed in the literature are focused on programs run by international development agencies. This article examines three locally led processes of change in the Pacific. These include the Simbo for Change Initiative in the Solomon Islands, the Voice in Papua New Guinea and a regional process led by the Green Growth Coalition. We explore how local understandings of leadership, preferences for informal ways of working, holistic ways of thinking, the importance placed upon maintaining good relationships and collective deliberation fundamentally shaped each of the cases. We note how these preferences and ways of working are often seen, or felt, to be at odds with western modes of thought and the practice of development agencies. Finally, we conclude by exploring how these initiatives were supported by external agencies, and suggest further research of this type might provide benchmarks by which Pacific citizens can hold their governments and development agencies to account.