bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroform Atlas Stent Treatment for 533 Intracranial Aneurysms in a Large Chinese Cohort: Complication Risk Factor Analysis
Authors: Chen Shibao , Kang Huibin , Wang Dili , Li Yan , Aikeba Jamali , Li Yabo , Guan Yuhua , Zhang Yisen
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The newest generation Neuroform Atlas stent™ (by Stryker, Fremont, California)represents a recent advance in cerebral laser-cut microstents for the treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms and the postoperative complications have been observed in cases among Western populations.We assessed predictors of complications, morbidity, and unfavorable outcomes in a large cohort of patients with aneurysm treated with Neuroform Atlas stent in China.
Methods
This retrospective study included subjects treated with the Atlas stent in China from November 2020 to January 2022.
Results
A total of 522 consecutive patients (mean age, 58.9 ± 9.9 years; female, 65.3% [341/522]) with 533 aneurysms were included in the study. In the early postoperative period, neurological morbidity rate was 7.3% (38/522); ischaemic stroke rate was 5.0% (26/522); aneurysm rupture subarachnoid hemorrhage rate was 2.3% (12/522); MRS score deterioration rate was 5.4% (28/522). Mortality rate were 0.8% (4/522) in the postoperative period. Neurologic morbidity at follow-up period were 1.2% (6/486). In multi-factor prediction, cerebral infarction, Hunt-Hess Grade (3–5), procedure duration, stent length and coil protrusion into the parent artery were found to be independent predictors of neurologic morbidity. Procedure duration, stent length and coil protrusion into the parent artery were found to be independent predictors of neurological mRS score deterioration.
Conclusion
The incidence of SCA (stent-assisted coiling)-related complications with the Atlas stent in this study was comparable to that in the Western population. We identified procedure duration and stent length as novel independent predictors of SCA-related ischemic stroke, neurologic morbidity, and mRS score deterioration among the Chinese population.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of Kegel exercise among pregnant women in Abha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Othman Lujain Mohammed Bin , AlHefdhi Hayfa A. , Mahmood Syed Esam , Alamer Shorouq Amer A , Alnaami Fajr Abdulhadi , Alkedaisi Njoud Moghram Jaber , Omari Tahani Khalaf Abdullah AL , Alqahtani Maram Abdullah
Published: February 2024

Background: Kegel exercise or pelvic floor muscle exercise helps in improving strength of the pelvic floor muscles and build up their function.
Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of Kegel exercise among pregnant women in PHC setting in Abha city, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 370 pregnant women. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed the practice of Kegel exercises and various characteristics of the participants. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and p-values were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that educational level and income were significantly associated with the practice of Kegel exercises. Pregnant women with a higher level of education and an income of 5000 to 10000 SAR demonstrated a higher proportion of good practice. The presence of specific chronic diseases among participants, such as psychiatric disorders and diabetes mellitus, was significantly associated with poor practice. Physicians were identified as the primary source of information about Kegel exercises, followed by social media and family/friends.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that education, income level, chronic diseases, and the source of information play significant roles in the practice of Kegel exercises among pregnant women. Healthcare providers should prioritize providing comprehensive education, irrespective of educational background, and ensure equal access to resources for all pregnant women. Tailored support should be provided to women with chronic diseases, and healthcare professionals should actively discuss Kegel exercises during antenatal visits. The study emphasizes the importance of multidimensional approaches to promote the practice of Kegel exercises during pregnancy and enhance pelvic floor health.
Structure of a lasso peptide bound ETB receptor provides insights into the mechanism of GPCR inverse agonism
Authors: Nureki Osamu , Shihoya Wataru , Akasaka Hiroaki , Sano Fumiya , Tanaka Tatsuki , Kawahara Ryo , Jordan Peter , Lechner Anna , Okada Bethany , Cruz Gabriella Machado da , Chaudhari Rajan , Masamune Hiroko , BurK Mark
Published: February 2024

Lasso peptides exhibit a unique lariat-like knotted structure imparting exceptional stability and thus show promise as therapeutic agents that target cell-surface receptors. One such receptor is the human endothelin ETB receptor, which is implicated in challenging cancers with poor immunotherapy responsiveness. The Streptomyces-derived lasso peptide, RES-701-3, is a selective inhibitor for ETB and a compelling candidate for therapeutic development. However, meager production from a genetically recalcitrant host has limited further structure-activity relationship studies of this potent inhibitor. Here, we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of ETB receptor in both its apo form and complex with RES-701-3, facilitated by a calcineurin-fusion strategy. Hydrophobic interactions between RES-701-3 and the transmembrane region of the receptor, especially involving two tryptophan residues, play a crucial role in RES-701-3 binding. Furthermore, RES-701-3 prevents conformational changes associated with G-protein coupling, explaining its inverse agonist activity. A comparative analysis with other lasso peptides and their target proteins highlights the potential of lasso peptides as precise drug candidates for G-protein-coupled receptors. This structural insight into RES-701-3 binding to ETB receptor offers valuable information for the development of novel therapeutics targeting this receptor and provides a broader understanding of lasso peptide interactions with human cell-surface receptors.
Energy flows reveal declining ecosystem functions by animals across Africa
Authors: Loft Ty , Menor Imma Oliveras , Stevens Nicola , Clements Hayley , Santini Luca , Thomas Seth , Tobias Joseph , Malhi Yadvinder
Published: February 2024

A key challenge for ecological science is to understand how biodiversity loss is changing ecosystem structure and function at scales relevant for policy1. Almost all biodiversity metrics are challenging to disaggregate into ecosystem functions, in particular animal-mediated functions such as pollination, seed and nutrient dispersal, and predation. Here, we adopt an ecosystem energetics approach2 as a physically meaningful method of translating animal species composition into a suite of ecosystem functions. We quantify historical changes to energy flows through mammal- and bird-mediated ecosystem functions across sub-Saharan Africa. In total, trophic energy flows have decreased by over one-third, with functions performed by megafauna in particular collapsing outside protected areas. The pattern of decreasing function varies by biome, driven by arboreal birds and primates in forests, terrestrial herbivores in grassy systems, and burrowing mammals in arid systems. Compared to other biodiversity metrics, an energetics approach highlights the ecological importance of smaller animals and keystone species. The results can help practitioners conserve and restore functionally diverse, energetically intact ecosystems across land uses and biomes. By relating biodiversity intactness to energy and material flows, ecosystem energetics can also advance efforts to set local, regional or planetary boundaries3 for biodiversity loss.
Supplementary effects of preservative-free potassium salt eye drops for treating patients with dry eye disease
Authors: Nien Ching-Min , Chen Alexander , Yu Meng-Shan , Lai Ing-Chou , Kuo Ming-Tse
Published: February 2024

Background:
A variety of eye drops are available for treating dry eye disease (DED). The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term result of preservative-free potassium salt solution (PSS) as an add-on treatment for patients with DED.
Method:
This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary referral center, and the parameters of routine clinical and instrumental evaluations at baseline, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months after DED treatment were collected.
Results:
After PSS instillation, patients with dry eye had considerable improvements in average Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and assessable time but had a worse mean score in the temporal bulbar redness and initial tear spreading velocity. Subgroup analysis showed a considerable improvement in the OSDI, initial and stable lipid layer thickness in primary patients with DED, whereas a statistically worse average improvement in the temporal bulbar and limbal redness in patients with primary open angle glaucoma concomitant with dry eye disease.
Conclusions:
Preservative-free PSS may provide a rapid assistance on relieving the subjective and objective ocular symptoms for patients with treated DED as an add-on therapy.
Trial registration:nil
Characterizing the seismic response and basin structure of Cusco (Peru). Implications for the seismic hazard assessment of a World Heritage Site
Authors: Combey Andy , Mercerat Diego , Díaz Jonathan , Benavente Carlos , Pérez Fredy , García Briant , Palomino Anderson , Guevara César
Published: February 2024

Known worldwide for its rich and well-preserved pre-Columbian and Spanish architecture, the city of Cusco (Peru) is listed as a World Heritage Site since 1983. However, less well known is the seismic hazard, which represents a major threat to the 400,000 Cusco’s inhabitants and city’s cultural outreach. Despite the moderate magnitudes recorded in the area, macroseismic data inferred from historical earthquakes (1650, 1950) argue for strong amplification effects of the unconsolidated sediments of the Cusco Basin during ground motion. In order to address this aggravating factor for the first time, we conducted a large-scale passive geophysical survey in the historic city center of Cusco combining Microtremor Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (MHVSR) measurements and Microtremor Array Measurements (MAM). A subsurface wave velocity model and an evaluation of the depth of the engineering bedrock are proposed through joint data inversion. In addition to the characterization the soft sediment thickness, the site response analysis suggests the existence of a strong geological discontinuity beneath the city center of Cusco, consistent with the trace of the Cusco fault. Moreover, the results highlight the complexity of the earthquake site amplification assessment in dense urban areas. Our work paves the way for a comprehensive seismic microzonation of the entire Cusco Basin and opens up new perspectives on the potential of the MHVSR method for blind fault detection.
RETRACTED: Decision-making in professional sporting environments: An International survey of experienced performance support staff perspectives
Authors: Wilson PJ , Roe Gregory , Kiely John
Published: February 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A bioinspired tactile scanner for computer haptics
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Huimin , Lin Jianle , Lin Shuxin , Jiang Bowei , Liu Xinghui , Wu Weisheng , Li Weiwei , Iranmanesh Emad , Zhou Zhongyi , Li Wenjun
Published: February 2024

Computer haptics (CH) is about integration of tactile sensation and rendering in Metaverse. However, unlike computer vision (CV) where both hardware infrastructure and software programs are well developed, a generic tactile data capturing device that serves the same role as what a camera does for CV, is missing. Bioinspired by electrophysiological processes in human tactile somatosensory nervous system, here we propose a tactile scanner together with a neuromorphically-engineered system, in which a closed-loop tactile acquisition and rendering (re-creation) are preliminarily achieved. Based on the architecture of afferent nerves and intelligent functions of mechano-gating and leaky integrate-and-fire models, such a tactile scanner is designed and developed by using piezoelectric transducers as axon neurons and thin film transistor (TFT)-based neuromorphic circuits to mimic synaptic behaviours and neural functions. As an example, the neuron-like tactile information of surface textures is captured and further used to render a texture friction of a virtual surface for “recreating” a “true” feeling of touch.
Development of a continuous multimodal data supply chain for oncology and an expandable clinical decision support system
Authors: Shin Sang Joon , Chang Jee Suk , Baek Eun Sil , Choi Jeong Eun , Lim Joon Seok , Kim Jin Sung
Published: February 2024

Background: This study presents an inter-departmental collaboration to create a comprehensive oncology data framework and clinical decision support system, integrating clinical, genomic, and imaging data.
Methods: A real-time data supply chain was established in an academic cancer center to capture unstructured health data from various sources. For each cancer type, specific selection approaches were developed. Firstly, we predefined 817 features applicable across various cancers, along with a median of 61 histology-specific features and developed a customized Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) algorithm for each feature Standard criteria for data quality control (QC) were formulated, and a web-based computational QC platform enabling manual and automatic inspections was created. This framework has been applied to electronic health data since 2006.
Findings: The data supply chain captured features from 171,128 individuals across 11 cancer types. It updates individual profiles daily and conducts QC checks, including 143 logical comparisons, processing an average of 81 cases daily. Continuous automatic and manual data QC within closed-human-in-loop systems ensured accuracy. Using the developed data warehouse, we were able to showcase survival graphs by tumor stages and demonstrate the framework's ability to expedite data collection for quick clinical hypothesis testing. A dashboard displaying patients’ cancer journeys, including landmark events, treatment progress, and longitudinal tumor tracking, was also developed.
Interpretation: We have developed an automatically updated data supply chain that comprehensively synthesizes multimodal medical data and assesses data QC, aimed at directly assisting clinical decision-making for individual patients. Ongoing learning is essential, depending on the purpose of data use, and further research into its applicability in other environments is required.
Pantoprazole enhances osimertinib activity by inhibiting autophagy in NSCLC cells and tumor xenografts
Authors: Yun Tianyang , Yin Dongtao , Gao Jianjun , Tang Yue , Yi Shaoqiong , Liu Yang
Published: February 2024

Here we examined whether Osimertinib (OSI) resistance which due to induced autophagy could be reversed by inhibiting autophagy with Pantoprazole. The effects of OSI ± pantoprazole were examined in four different non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, along with two human xenograft models. The effects of OSI ± pantoprazole on autophagy and drug effects were evaluated. Alterations in PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation were also evaluated. Combination of OSI and pantoprazole resulted in decreased proliferation and tumor inhibition in NSCLC cells compared to single agent therapy. Treatment with OSI alone resulted in up-regulation of autophagy in NSCLC cells. Pantoprazole inhibited the induction of autophagy and sensitized NSCLC cells to OSI. When used together, OSI and pantoprazole increased apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in NSCLC cells. Pantoprazole effectively reversed OSI-mediated suppression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in NSCLC cells. Pharmacological autophagy inhibition sensitized NSCLC cells to OSI and enhanced the efficacy of OSI.
Deregulation cascades in carcinogenesis
Authors: Herrero Roberto , Gomez Jean Pierre , Gil Gabriel , Gonzalez Augusto
Published: February 2024

Carcinogenesis is one example of transition between two biological states involving strong gene
expression rearrangements. Normal and tumor states are understood as two different states of a
Gene Regulatory Network. In terms of the normal state characteristics, the transition may be
thought as a deregulation process. According to a very abstract model for the transition, the
available data on cancer risk support the idea of a single big jump in expression space, which
may be associated to a deregulation cascade. Here, we use the measured frequency distribution of
gene deregulations, and concepts from the probabilistic theory of causation in order to infer
causal relations between pairs of genes and construct a deregulation causal network. Then, the
deregulated genes in each sample are organized according to the network in such a way that they
show the deregulation cascade behind the transition from the normal to the tumor state. The explicit
analysis for prostate adenocarcinoma is given. In most cases, the cascade happens to be unique and
initiated by a single deregulation event. Using results from a companion paper, we show that
cascades conform classes which may be labeled by the deregulations in a predefined panel of 15
genes. The results of the paper may be checked in experiments with cellular lines or in animal
models, and could have an impact on personalized cancer therapy .
An experimental study on the estimation of the static characteristics and relative displacement of the surfaces of an 88% tin-coated plain bearing
Authors: Kadda Mehala , Nadia Bendaoud , Hadi Boukhatmi , Habib Bendaoud Mohamed
Published: February 2024

In order to prevent warming and deterioration in the surface condition of the plain bearing (shaft/bearing), it was necessary to enhance the heat engines' efficiency by applying a coating containing 88% tin to the internal surface of the bearing. To assess the effectiveness and reliability of these coatings, a testing rigs specifically designed for automotive engine bearings was developed. The University of Poitiers collaborated on the experimental analysis, which explored the impact of different loads and speeds. The results of the analysis confirmed that frictional efficiency tended to improve with low loads and high speeds. The displacement observed in the bearing decreased as the speed increased, particularly in lightly loaded plain bearings. Conversely, heavily loaded sliding bearings exhibited higher displacement values. At the 315º position, the displacement was particularly significant and increased significantly with the load, while it was less significant at the 45º position. In the 315º position, the circumferential face displacement of the shaft decreased notably with increasing speed at low loads. Similarly, for higher loads, the displacement only slightly decreased with increasing speed, but these displacements were very high at the 315º position.
Programmed death-1 inhibitors as treatment for other subtypes of lymphomas not recommended in the guidelines: Real-world data from a single center in China
Authors: Wang Miao , Qian Siyu , Zhang Yue , Chen Qingjiang , Zhang Xudong , Zhang Mingzhi
Published: February 2024

In recent years, PD-1 inhibitors have shined in some subtypes of lymphoma, including Classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Primary Mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma, and Natural Killer/T-cell Lymphoma, recommended by clinical practice guidelines. It is unknown how effective are PD-1 inhibitors used for other subtypes not recommended by the guidelines. We conducted a retrospective study in a real-world setting to evaluate efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors for other subtypes not recommended by the guidelines and discuss the potential biomarkers of treatment outcome. We found that the efficacy in some subtypes seems all right, especially in PCNSL. And the kinetics of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Lactate dehydrogenase may indicate clinical outcomes. Thus, PD-1 inhibitor is a promising choice for lymphoma patients. Further screening and monitoring of patients may bring more clinical benefits.
The COVID-19 pandemic and clinical characteristics of colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Han Yoon Dae , Bae Sung Uk , Kim Woo Ram , Lim Dae Ro , Kim Chang Woo
Published: February 2024

Purpose.
The spread of COVID-19 has led to numerous hospitals prioritizing case management and to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Consequently, many cancer patients have developed life-threatening complications during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer (CRC), including its clinical and pathologic characteristics.
Methods.
This multicenter cohort study was performed at six institutions in Korea and included a total of 3871 patients with CRC treated between March 2019 and February 2021. After exclusion of 211 patients who did not undergo surgery, the data of 3660 patients were compared 1 year before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The patients’ baseline characteristics, CRC-related complications, perioperative outcomes including emergency surgery, R0 resection rates, stoma formations, postoperative complications, and pathologic outcomes were assessed.
Results.
The number of patients decreased during the pandemic (− 18.0%, from 2127 to 1744), but the baseline characteristics did not differ. The pandemic group had greater disease severity given the presence of bleeding, perforation, and obstruction as complications (9.8% vs. 12.7%, P = 0.033). The proportion of patients who had open surgery (15.9% vs. 17.6%, P = 0.049), stoma formation (11.9% vs. 15.4%, P < 0.001), early postoperative complications (13.5% vs. 17.5%, P = 0.001), and adjuvant chemotherapy increased in the pandemic group (45.5% vs. 50.1%, P = 0.003).
Conclusion.
The clinical and pathologic features of CRC partly worsened during the pandemic. Healthcare providers and governments should prepare to encounter patients with CRC having poor clinical features for years and encourage people to participate in cancer screening programs.
Trial registration:
The Clinical Research Information Service (No. KCT0008063), January 2, 2023, retrospectively registered.
Risk factors for central nervous system infection after craniotomy for gliomas: a 8-year experience from a tertiary medical center
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zheng Zhiyao , Guo Xiaopeng , Wang Hai , Gong Le , Liu Delin , Yang Tianrui , Song Yixuan , Huang Hongmin , Cao Yaning , Wang Yu , Guo Fuping , Ma Wenbin
Published: February 2024

Object: Due to the fact that glioma surgery requires manipulation of the brain parenchyma and the expression of inflammatory mediators, there is often a possibility of central nervous system (CNS) infection occurring after surgery. Previous studies on CNS infections related to neurosurgery have uniformly explored the risk factors for CNS infections in all neurosurgery surgeries that require craniotomy, but have not explored the risk factors and clinical characteristics of CNS infections after glioma resection.
Methods: We included patients who underwent glioma resection from January 2015 to March 2023, systematically recorded population characteristics, clinical, surgical, laboratory and survival data, analyzed high-risk factors for postoperative CNS infections, summarized cerebrospinal fluid characteristics, antibiotic use, and explored whether CNS infections affects the long-term prognosis of glioma patients after surgery.
Results:All 337 patients underwent glioma resection, and 61 patients (18.1%) developed CNS infections after surgery. Ventricle Opening, post-op other systemic infections, post-op maximum cavity diameter, and peripheral blood Monocyte% are independent risk factors for postoperative CNS infections. The median protein content in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with CNS infections is 1.73g/L ([IQR] 1.03-3.06), the median glucose content is 2.7mmol/L ([IQR] 1.90-3.70), and the median WBC is 1478×106cells/L ([IQR] 467-4204.25×106), with a median percentage of multinucleated cells of 84.1% ([IQR] 74.55% -90.83%). Meropenem and Vancomycin are the most commonly used antibiotics, with an average usage time of 7.79 days and 8.41 days, respectively. Survival analysis suggests that the occurrence of CNS infections does not affect the long-term prognosis of glioma patients after surgery.
Conclusions: This study separately explored the risk factors for CNS infections in patients with glioma after surgery, instead of all diseases which need craniotomy，and summarized their cerebrospinal fluid characteristics and antibiotic use. Although CNS infection is only one of the possible complications during the treatment of gliomas, we believe that this will make a certain contribution to neurosurgeons' individualized prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of patients in the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.
Prevalence of Abuse in Women with Endometriosis and Relationship to Pain Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Gaerke Alyssa , Jago Caitlin Anne , Flaxman Teresa , Singh Sukhbir S. , Lortie Karine
Published: February 2024

Background
Sexual and physical abuse are associated with endometriosis, but their relationship to pain in endometriosis patients has not been studied. The aim of this study was to characterize the prevalence of sexual and physical abuse history in an endometriosis population and its relationship to severity and type of pain symptoms.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 at a tertiary care gynecology clinic. Women with clinically suspected or surgically confirmed endometriosis were included. Patients completed the Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonization Project (EPHect) Clinical Questionnaire, the International Pelvic Pain Society Pelvic Pain Assessment Form, and the Medical Outcome Survey (SF-36). Relationships between history of sexual abuse or physical abuse, pelvic pain type and severity, anxiety/depression diagnosis, quality of life, and demographics were analysed using Chi square, independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression models.
Results
Forty-four women were surveyed. Severity and type of pain symptoms were similar in patients with and without a history of sexual or physical abuse. Forty-three percent (n = 19) of patients with endometriosis reported history of physical abuse and 43% (n = 19) reported history of sexual abuse with a 68% overlap between both groups. Patients with a history of sexual abuse had significantly higher rates of depression (53% vs 16%; p = 0.012) and anxiety (58% vs 12%; p = 0.001) than those reporting no history of sexual abuse and reported significantly lower mean SF-36 mental component summary scores (34 ± 14 vs 42 ± 12, p = 0.028).
Conclusions
No differences in severity and type of pain symptoms in patients with a history of sexual or physical abuse were observed compared to those without. More than 40% (n = 19) of patients with endometriosis reported a history of sexual abuse, with more anxiety and depression and lower mental quality of life scores compared to patients who reported no history of sexual abuse. This highlights the need for sexual abuse and mental health screening in an endometriosis population.
Association between periodontitis and depression: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Feng Fan , Zhang Min
Published: February 2024

Background and aims: Emerging studies have identified a possible link between periodontitis and depression, but evidence regarding a causal association between periodontitis and the risk of depression is sparse and conflicting. The aim of this study was to assess the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and depression using Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology.
Methods: The MR study was based on summary statistics for periodontitis and depression from different genome-wide association studies. We used eight independent genetic instruments for periodontitis and 90 for depression. Estimates for the association in both directions were combined using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, and several complementary methods were applied
Results: Standard IVW analyses showed no causal effect of genetically predicted periodontitis on depression (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99-1.05; p = 0.193) or vice versa (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.91-1.20; p = 0.570). The results were robust in complementary analyses. No horizontal pleiotropy was detected via MR-Egger regression or in MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier analyses.
Conclusions: The present study provides evidence that periodontitis and depression may not be mutually reinforcing.
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss After General Anesthesia for Basilar Invagination with Atlantolaxial Dislocation: a case report
Authors: Zheng Yuhao , Yang Qiyuan , Bing Tan
Published: February 2024

Background
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) after nonotological surgery is unusual and unpredictable, usually occurring in cardiopulmonary bypass patients with unilateral deafness. A few bilateral SNHLs after spine surgery is reported. The literature is examined for early detection and management, and probable causes are outlined. Timing of onset and unilateral or bilateral symptoms may help determine etiology.
Case Description:
A 46-year-old woman with basilar invagination, atlantoaxial dislocation, immune system problems, and long-term hormone and immunosuppressant use. After a posterior occipital-cervical fusion under general anesthesia, the patient reported bilateral hearing loss and slurring 9 h later. A better MRI scan suggested a fresh brain infarct and increased pure tone audiometry revealed binaural SNHL. Anticoagulation, bacitracin, hyperbaric oxygen, and other symptomatic treatments improved the patient's hearing without affecting daily living. Following the treatment, the patient noted improved hearing, enabling her to talk at a normal distance and volume.
Conclusions
Hyperbolic oxygen and intravenous hormones may cure SNHL, a rare post-surgical spine surgery complication with different infections. Timing and symptoms are crucial for treatment and prognosis.
Real-life Experience With AcrySof® IQ Vivity® Intraocular Lens Implant: Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life
Authors: Giannuzzi Federico , Carlà Matteo Mario , Margollicci Fabio , Stefano Gaetano , Molle Andrea , Hu Lorenzo , Boselli Francesco , Pagliara Monica Maria , Lepore Domenico , Molle Fernando , Rizzo Stanislao
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The extended depth-of-focus AcrySof® IQ Vivity® intraocular lens technology offers promising features for presbyopia management, evaluated in this research in a 6 months real-world setting.
Methods
Prospective interventional mono-centric study including 40 patients who underwent elective bilateral phacoemulsification. We performed one pre-operative visit (V0) and one evaluation six months post-operatively, evaluating uncorrected and corrected visual acuity for near (UNVA/CNVA), intermediate (UIVA/CIVA) and far (UDVA/UCVA), slit-lamp evaluation, tomography with dynamic pupillometry, endothelial cell count and contrast sensitivity chart. In order to assess post-operative Quality of Life, we administered the patients McAlinden's Quality of Vision test and Morlock's Patient-Reported Spectacle Independence Questionnaire.
Results
Mean UDVA significantly improved to 0,04 ± 0,06 LogMar (p = 0.0001), while binocular UDVA was 0,00 ± 0,03 LogMar. For intermediate vision, binocular UIVA was 0.20 ± 0.10 LogMar at 80 cm and 0.30 ± 0.16 LogMar at 60 cm. At 40 cm, monocular and binocular UNVA were 0.52 ± 0.19 LogMar and 0.41 ± 0.16 LogMAR, respectively. Sixty-percent of eyes reached 0,00 LogMar for near vision with an addition of 1,00 D. Overall, 38 (95%) patients had a mean contrast sensitivity value ≥ 1,7 log. Twenty-one (53%) patients reported total independence from their glasses at all distances. The mean difference between the predicted and actual refractive error, as calculated by spherical equivalent, was 0,09 D.
Conclusions
AcrySof® IQ Vivity® is a well-tolerated and effective IOL with optimal refractive target for both distant and intermediate vision, needing slight spherical addition for the best near vision. Great questionnaire-based satisfaction was reported by the patients.
The role of work location in associations between need satisfaction and well-being at work: a daily diary design among Dutch office workers
Authors: Peijen Roy , Niks Irene M.W. , Zwieten Marianne H.J. van , Hengel Karen M. Oude , Wiezer Noortje
Published: February 2024

Background After a quick rise of remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic, hybrid working (i.e., remote and on-site) is becoming common post-pandemic. This study aimed to investigate to what extent work location (i.e., office or home) affects daily associations between psychological need satisfaction (i.e., perceived relatedness and autonomy) and well-being of office workers (i.e., perceived stress and work pleasure).
Methods A daily diary study design with ecological momentary assessments (EMA) was used to investigate day-level relations between work location, need satisfaction, and employee well-being outcomes among 201 Dutch office workers. Measurements took place at the end of each working day (Mondays through Fridays) every month’s first week for three consecutive months. In total, we collected 1,448 daily observations of 201 employees. Multilevel regression models are performed to observe the relationship between daily relatedness and daily autonomy on the one hand and their relationship with both daily work pleasure and daily work stress on the other. Additionally, we explored whether work location serves as a moderator in these relationships.
Results Employees reported more relatedness but less autonomy on office days compared to the days they were working from home. When participants experienced higher daily levels of relatedness or autonomy, they experienced more work pleasure and less work stress. On office days, associations between relatedness and well-being outcomes were stronger than on home working days. Associations between autonomy and well-being did not differ based on work location.
Conclusions This study shows that daily work location may be an important factor to consider in the context of (enhancing) daily need satisfaction and daily employee well-being. Both working at home and working at the office can contribute to daily need satisfaction and employee well-being. It seems particularly important that working in the office is organized in a way that employees are able to make meaningful connections with others.
Analysis of food system drivers of deforestation highlights foreign investments and urbanization as threats to tropical forests
Authors: Sylvester Janelle Marie , Gutiérrez-Zapata Diana María , Pérez‑Marulanda Lisset , Vanegas-Cubillos Martha , Bruun Thilde Bech , Mertz Ole , Castro-Nunez Augusto
Published: February 2024

According to the latest Global Forest Resources Assessment, approximately 90% of global forest cover changes between 2000 and 2018 was attributable to agricultural expansion, positioning food production as the greatest direct driver of deforestation. Our understanding of direct and underlying drivers of deforestation has generally been informed by land systems studies focusing on how interactions between human and environmental systems influence land use change. Yet, despite the prominent role of agricultural expansion for food production in driving deforestation, limited research has explored deforestation through the lens of the food system. Consequentially, little is known about which dimensions of the food system are most influential in driving emissions from deforestation, which in turn impedes the development of effective strategies and policies to reduce food system emissions while achieving zero hunger. Therefore, this study takes a food system approach to analyzing drivers of deforestation at global and continental scales to determine how drivers related to the three dimensions of the food system – (1) consumption/demand, (2) production/supply and (3) trade/distribution – influenced forest cover changes in 40 tropical countries from 2004 to 2021. Results of Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models suggest that trade- and demand-side dynamics, namely foreign direct investments and urban population growth, are playing important roles in influencing deforestation trends at the global, Asia and Latin America scales, suggesting that food system-based interventions could be effective in reducing deforestation in these regions. The model for Africa yielded a weaker explanatory power, suggesting factors beyond the food system might have a more substantial impact on deforestation in the region. The proposed framework provides critical insights into where interventions within the food system are needed to reduce deforestation and how such interventions could contribute synergistically to the achievement of coupled sustainable goals, such as climate action, life on land and zero hunger.
Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Study of Rigid Guanidine and Guanidino-mimetic Analogues of the Neuropeptide FF Receptor Antagonist MES304
Authors: Galal Kareem , Mottinelli Marco , Mesangeau Christophe , Gupta Sampa , McCurdy Christopher , Mollereau Catherine
Published: February 2024

The Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) receptor system has been implicated in mediating opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance. Understanding the structural features that contribute to high binding affinity of ligands to the NPFF receptors could help in identifying potent and selective NPFF-R probes. We conducted a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study targeting the guanidine functionality of our previously identified lead molecule MES304 in order to probe the guanidine binding site of the NPFF receptors. By applying several rigidifying modifications and substitutions on the guanidine moiety, we concluded that while the guanidine group is optimal for strong binding affinity at both receptor subtypes (NPFF1-R/NPFF2-R), other groups may be tolerated. Compound 17b, in which the guanidine was replaced with a piperidine ring, displayed robust binding affinity at both receptor subtypes (Ki < 300 nM) despite lacking a guanidine group. This indicated that strong binding to the NPFF receptors can be achieved with analogues devoid of guanidine.
Synthesis and new DNA targeting activity of 6- and 7-tert-butylfascaplysins
Authors: Dyshlovoy Sergey A. , Mansour Wael Y. , Ramm Natalia A. , Hauschild Jessica , Zhidkov Maxim E. , Kriegs Malte , Zielinski Alexandra , Hoffer Konstantin , Busenbender Tobias , Glumakova Ksenia A. , Spirin Pavel V. , Prassolov Vladimir S. , Tilki Derya , Graefen Markus , Bokemeyer Carsten , Amsberg Gunhild
Published: February 2024

Fascaplysin is a red cytotoxic pigment with anticancer properties isolated from the marine sponge Fascaplysinopsis sp.. Recently, structure-activity relationship analysis reported by our group suggested that selective cytotoxicity of fascaplysin derivatives towards tumor cells negatively correlates with their ability to intercalate into DNA. To validate this hypothesis, we synthesized 6- and 7-tert-butylfascaplysins which reveal mitigated DNA-intercalating properties. These derivatives were found to be strongly cytotoxic to drug-resistant human prostate cancer cells, albeit did not demonstrate improved selectivity towards cancer cells when compared to fascaplysin. At the same time, kinome analysis suggested an activation of CHK1/ATR axis in cancer cells shortly after the drug exposure. Further experiments revealed induction of replication stress that is eventually converted to the toxic DNA double-strand breaks, resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis-like cell death. Our observations highlight new DNA-targeting effect of some fascaplysin derivatives and indicate more complex structure-activity relationships within the fascaplysin family, suggesting that cytotoxicity and selectivity of these alkaloids are influenced by multiple factors. Furthermore, combination with clinically-approved inhibitors of ATR/CHK1 as well as testing in tumors particularly sensitive to the DNA damage should be considered in further studies.
Outcomes of lower extremities Tuberculous wounds in diabetic patients in Eastern Sudan-Kassala: A prospective observational study. 1Abdel
Authors: Elnaim Abdel Latif Khalifa , Mohamed Mamoun Magzoub
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The prevalence of both Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing. DM is a risk factor for TB, while TB will adversely affect DM's treatment. The co-infection is more prevalent in TB-endemic areas and among low socioeconomic populations than others.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective observational study conducted at Kassala State in Sudan between March 2012 to March 2022, including 120 diabetic patients with tuberculous infected ulcers. The outcome measures were wound healing, response to anti-tuberculous drugs, and final treatment outcome.
Results: 120 patients participated, majority were males 66.7%, living in rural areas 75.0%, 70.0% were illiterate, have wounds in the foot 66.7% and 60.8% had their wounds healed in less than 60 days for healing. The mean duration of diabetes was 14 years. Age, gender, residence place, BMI, disease duration, hospital stay, and wound site were associated with wound healing, with a P value< 0.05. Gender (P= 0.002), residence (P > 0.001), and hospital stay (P > 0.001) made a significant contribution to the prediction of the duration of wound healing. For the response to anti-TB drugs, site of the wound, AAFB result, ESR level, and severity of PAD, HbA1c level were significant. For the final treatment outcome, residence, site of wound, severity of PAD, and HbA1c level were significant.
Conclusion: Factors affected wound healing were age, gender, residence, BMI, duration of infection, hospital stay, and wound site. For the response to anti-TB drugs and final treatment outcome, site of the wound, AAFB result, ESR level, severity of PAD, and HbA1c level residence, were the factors with significant impact.
“Quality of Life in Epidermolysis Bullosa” and “Epidermolysis Bullosa Burden of Disease”: Italian translation, cultural adaptation, and pilot testing of two disease-specific questionnaires
Authors: Hachem May El , Diociaiuti Andrea , Zambruno Giovanna , Samela Tonia , Ferretti Francesca , Carnevale Claudia , Linertova Renata , Bodemer Christine , Murrell Dédée F. , Abeni Damiano
Published: February 2024

Background
Inherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of skin fragility disorders characterized by blister formation following minor trauma. Four major types are distinguished based on the level of cleavage within the skin. Most EB forms present severely disabling cutaneous and systemic signs and symptoms. Management relies on daily time-consuming and distressing topical medications, and symptomatic treatment of systemic findings. Disease manifestations, symptoms, and daily care strongly affect patient and caregiver quality of life (QoL). To date, there are two validated EB-specific questionnaires, the “Quality of Life in Epidermolysis Bullosa” (QOLEB) and the “Epidermolysis Bullosa Burden of Disease” (EB-BoD) for the evaluation of patient and family disease burden, respectively. The aim of our study was to develop an Italian translation of the two questionnaires and to pilot-test them.
Methods
The guidelines for translation and cross-cultural adaptation of health-related QoL measures were followed. Initially, two separate translations were generated for each questionnaire, and subsequently reconciled by an expert committee. This was followed by a back-translation process. The original texts and all translations underwent revision by the expert committee, resulting in definitive versions. The final versions were then tested in a pilot study involving cognitive debriefing in a group of 17 families, representative of all EB major types.
Results
The translation and reconciliation process led to minor changes to obtain semantic/idiomatic/cultural equivalence of the Italian versions with the original ones and to reconcile the questions with the answer options. The cognitive debriefing process showed a good understanding and did not require text modifications.
Conclusions
The Italian versions of the QOLEB and EB-BoD provide valuable tools in everyday clinical practice of reference centers, and they allow the participation in multicenter international real-life observational studies as well as in controlled clinical trials. They enable the identification of disease-specific psychological and socioeconomic challenges for EB patients and their families, guiding targeted interventions to ensure appropriate and timely care.
Correlation of a Graded Step-Test Protocol to the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test in Healthy Population
Authors: Collins Demetrius R. , Barta Kristen , Jacobson Kendal
Published: February 2024

Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine if the Step Test Protocol (STP) can achieve a similar trajectory of cardiovascular response in healthy individuals as the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT). We hypothesized that there would be a significant correlation between heart rate and rate of perceived exertion in healthy individuals between the BCTT and the STP.
Methods
Twenty-two participants (males 9; females 13) individuals, with no previous history of concussion or underlying respiratory, cardiovascular, or musculoskeletal injury, performed both the STP and BCTT in succession. Resting heart rate was measured prior to activity and taken again throughout each exercise test. Rate of perceived exertion was also taken at the end of each stage for each exercise test. The percentage of the age-related predicted maximum heart rate for each stage was calculated and a Pearson correlation was used to calculate the relationship between the tests.
Results
All participants completed stage 5 of the STP and stage 8 of the BCTT. A positive correlation was found between the percentage of age-related predicted maximum heart rate achieved during the STP and BCTT for stages completed by all participants.
Conclusions
The STP produces a similar physiological effect as the BCTT in a healthy population.