bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mineralogical, Microstructural and Compressive Strength Characterization of Fly Ash as Materials in Geopolymer Cement
Authors: Rahmawati Cut , Aprilia Sri , Saidi Taufiq , Aulia Teuku Budi
Published: July 2021

Abstract: This study was designed to examine the mineral, microstructural, and mechanical strength properties of fly ash and its feasibility as a raw material for geopolymer cement. The study used an experimental method by examining the characteristics of fly ash by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), hydrometer method, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and compressive strength testing. For creating the geopolymer cement paste, a concentration of NaOH 10M was used, with a ratio of water/solid = 0.4 and a ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH = 1 using curring at room temperature. The results showed the geopolymer pastes have a compressive strength of 18.1 MPa and 21.5 MPa after 7 days and 28 days. The XRD results showed a decrease in the peak of 2θ at 26.54° because the amorphous part had transformed into a C-S-H solution in geopolymer cement. This finding was supported by the FTIR spectra results showing Si-O-Si bending vibration and the functional group of AlO2. It showed that Nagan Raya fly ash-based geopolymer is a potential construction material.Abstrak: Penelitian ini dirancang untuk mendapatkan sifat mineral, mikrostruktural, dan kekuatan mekanis dari fly ash serta kesesuaiannya sebagai material dasar pada semen geopolimer. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan cara  menguji karakteristik dari fly ash dengan pengujian X-ray Fluorescense Spectrometer (XRF), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectoscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), hydrometer method, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) dan kuat tekan.  Untuk pembuatan pasta semen geopolimer digunakan konsentrasi NaOH 10 M, rasio water/solid 0,4 dan rasio Na2SiO3/NaOH = 1 dengan perawatan pada suhu kamar. Hasil menunjukkan setelah 7 hari pasta geopolimer memiliki kuat tekan 18,1 MPa dan 21,5 MPa pada 28 hari. Hasil XRD menunjukkan adanya penurunan puncak 2θ pada 26,54° ini disebabkan karena bagian amorf dari fly ash telah menjadi larutan C-S-H pada semen geopolimer. Hasil ini diperkuat dengan analisis FTIR spectra yang menunjukkan adanya Si-O-Si bending vibration dan gugus fungsi dari AlO2. Hasil menunjukkan fly ash dari Nagan Raya potensial sebagai bahan material konstruksi berbasis geopolimer.
Characterization of Organic Polymer Monolith Columns Containing Ammonium Quarternary As Initial Study For Capillary Chromatography
Authors: Rahayu Aster , Jamilatun Siti , Fajri Joni Aldilla , Lim Lee Wah
Published: July 2021

Abstract: The polymerization process with a simple step has become the centre of attention of several researchers. Various polymers have been developed, although in general, they use polymerization with a post-modification method. A quaternary ammonium monolith organic polymer has been prepared using a simple single thermal method in this research. 2-(Methacryloyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride was as the monomer, and ethylene dimethacrylate was as crosslinker. The polymerization proceeded in fused-silica capillary (100 mm, 0.32 mm i.d. x 0.45 mm o.d.) using a one-pot approach method. To achieve the perfect macropores, isopropyl alcohol, PEG 400, and ethanol were used as porogen. Characterization of the surface morphology was carried out using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the existence of an amine group was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The distribution size of pores in the polymer was in the range of 1.29 to 3.33 µm.Abstrak: Polimerisasi dengan proses yang sederhana dan simpel menjadi pusat perhatian beberapa peneliti. Berbagai macam polimer telah dikembangkan, akan tetapi pada umumnya menggunakan polimerisasi dengan metode post-modification. Pada penelitian ini, polimer organik yang mengandung amonium kuartener dalam bentuk monolit dengan polimerisasi yang menggunakan suhu tunggal dan sederhana telah dilakukan. 2-(Methacryloyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride digunakan sebagai monomer dan ethylene dimethacrylate sebagai crosslinker. Polimerisasi dilakukan dengan metode one-pot aaproach di dalam kapiler silika (100 mm, 0,32 mm i.d. x 0,45 mm o.d.). Untuk mendapatkan makropori yang sempurna, isopropil alkohol, PEG 400 dan etanol digunakan sebagai porogen. Karakterisasi morfologi permukaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) untuk mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi gugus amina yang terdapat pada polimer. Ukuran distribusi pori pada polimer berkisar antara 1,29 sampai 3,33 µm.
Demokratisasi Konvensi HAM Relasi Islam dan Negara: Kondisi Indonesia
Authors: Salam Abdul Jalil
Published: July 2021

This study aims to look at the Indonesian governmentâ€™s strategy in improving the process of Human rights democratization. Democracy and human rights are two things that can not be separated. However this study has found that besides providing legal penalties to the perpetrators, Indonesian government should also pay attention to the development of social dynamics and the tendency of other countries to understand human rights issues. In this study the author recommend that holistic paradigm is a suitable paradigm offered in human rights issues to be developed in Indonesia.
Keamanan Individu (Personal Security) dan Qanun Hukum Keluarga: Tinjauan Konsep Keamanan Manusia (Human Security)
Authors: Mumtazinur Mumtazinur , Sri Wahyuni Yenny
Published: July 2021

Wacana qanun hukum keluarga di Aceh yang muncul pada pertengahan tahun 2019 sedikit banyak wacana formalisasi qanun ini menyita perhatian masyarakat baik lokal maupun nasional. Kehadiran qanun hukum keluarga ini juga menimbulkan pro dan kontra di kalangan masyarakat dengan argumentasi masing-masing. Tulisan ini mencoba menelaah perihal formalisasi qanun hukum keluarga dari perspektif keamanan manusia (human security) yang berfokus pada keamanan individu (Personal Security). Latar belakang  yang melandasi pembentukan qanun hukum keluarga ini adalah dalam rangka upaya untuk membentuk Qanun Aceh tentang Hukum Keluarga (Ahwal  Al-Syakhshiyah) yang mampu mengatur, membina, menjamin hak-hak dan menyelesaikan berbagai persoalan keluarga secara komprehensif di tengah-tengah masyarakat Aceh. Perspektif keamanan manusia (human security) melihat regulasi ini sebagai bagian dari upaya mewujudkan keamanan personal (personal security) ditingkat lokal yang sejalan dengan agenda utama keamanan manusia. Lebih lanjut sinergitas ini sesuai dengan kerangka kerja HS yaitu adanya tindakan terintegrasi di antara jaringan pemangku kepentingan (From coordination to integration, Mensinergikan berbagai aktor penting seperti pemerintah, masyarakat sipil, komunitas lokal, dan lain sebagainya (Promoting multi-stakeholder partnerships), Menemukan akar penyebab (Localisation and „leaving no one behind‟), dan tindakan pencegahan serta memperkuat ketahanan (Prevention and resilience).
Kedudukan Ahli Waris Sebagai Penerima Hibah Berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Tapaktuan Nomor 18/Pdt.G/2018/MS.Ttn
Authors: Kalam Mohd , Akhyar Gamal , Edward Annisa Purnama
Published: July 2021

Artikel ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya keberadaan ahli waris yang menerima hibah dari bibi semasa hidupnya, sehingga pada saat pembagian warisan ahli waris lainnya mengganggap penerima hibah tidak berhak mendapatkan warisan lagi. Aturan perundang-undangan Pasal 211 KHI yang menyatakan hibah dari orangtua kepada anak dapat diperhitungkan sebagai warisan. Namun dalam putusan Mahkamah Syar’iyah Tapaktuan Nomor 18/Pdt.G/2018/MS.Ttn, majelis hakim telah memutus perkara bahwa ahli waris penerima hibah berhak mendapatkan warisan lagi. Subtansi kajian ini tentang kedudukan penerima hibah sebagai ahli waris dalam mendapatkan harta warisan ditinjau dari perspektif hukum Islam serta pertimbangan hukum hakim pada putusan Nomor 18/Pdt.G/2018/MS.Ttn. Metode deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam kajian ini serta mengumpulkan data melalui penelitian field research (penelitin lapangan) dan library research (penelitian kepustakan). Dari hasil kajian bahwa si penerima hibah pada putusan Nomor 18/Pdt.G/2018/MS.Ttn tidak terhalang untuk mendapatkan warisan. Ddalam pembagian warisan, perlu diperhatikan apakah ahli waris penerima hibah berhak mendapat warisan lagi atau tidak perlu mendapatkan warisan lagi karena hibah nya sudah cukup sebagai harta peninggalan. Ahli waris yang menerima hibah pada putusan Nomor 18/Pdt.G/2018/MS.Ttn berhak untuk memperoleh warisan, hal tersebut dikarenakan hibah yang sudah didapatkannya tidak sesuai dan masih kurang dari bagian warisan yang seharusnya dia terima sebagai ahli waris, sehingga setelah menerima hibah dia juga berhak untuk menerima warisan.
Hadis pada Masa Rasulullah dan Sahabat: Studi Kritis terhadap Pemeliharaan Hadis
Authors: Usman Iskandar
Published: July 2021

Hadis adalah  ucapan, perbuatan, dan perngakuan/persetujuan yang      disandarkan kepada Rasulullah SAW. Hadis merupakan sumber ajaran Islam yang kedua. Hadis dalam hubungannya dengan sumber ajaran Islam yang pertama, Alquran, berfungsi menjelaskan (memperjelas isi/kandungan) Alquran, menguatkan hukum-hukum (yang ditetapkan) Alquran, dan menetapkan beberapa hukum yang tidak dijelaskan (dalam) Alquran. Ada dua hadis yang kontradiktif mengenai penulisan hadis, hadis yang melarang dan hadis yang menganjurkan penulisan hadis. Makalah ini ingin mengkaji secara kritis bagaimana sesungguhnya masalah penulisan hadis pada masa Rasulullah dan sahabat, bagaimana mengkompromikan kedua hadis tersebut dengan pendekatan Ilmu Mukhtalif Hadis dan pendekatan historis mengenai fakta yang terjadi pada masa Rasulullah dan sahabat, juga ingin mengkaji mengapa setelah wafatnya Rasululullah  para sahabat    membatasi periwayatan hadis.
Geomorphometric analysis of Olkhon island region’s relief
Authors: Opekunova M.Y. , Vanteeva Yu.V. , Solodyankina S.V.
Published: July 2021

The use of geomorphometric analysis to obtain relevant data and their interpretation in geomorphological and geographical studies is becoming more widespread in recent times. In this study, such an analysis is used for the Priolkhonsky plateau (Western Baikal region), whose territory has recently been subjected to intense recreational impact. Under such conditions, it becomes relevant to determine the erosion-accumulative potential of the territory, its subsequent regionalization, as well as the possibility of using the obtained results in landscape-recreational zoning. The surface curvature maps were made using a digital elevation model based on ALOS data with a resolution of 30 m. Using geoinformation analysis, slope steepness, horizontal, vertical, and general curvature maps were obtained, and statistical coefficients of these indicators for the study area were determined. A geomorphological interpretation of the areas spatial distribution with different values of curvature was carried out. The analysis of the territory geomorphometric parameters showed that denudation processes prevail within the study area. It was also determined that the territory under favorable climatic conditions could have a significant potential for the development of erosion-accumulative processes. Areas of accumulation associated with the development of linear erosion forms, gullies along unpaved roads, were identified. Areas with the maximum values of curvature in the summit level of the relief have a high potential for the development of landslide processes. In the middle level of relief with positive values of the total curvature, prevail low-intensity processes (downwash, creeping).
Modeling the Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Using a Fractional-Order SIR Approach
Authors: Quintero Anderson S. , Gutiérrez-Carvajal Ricardo E.
Published: July 2021

To show the potential of non-commensurable fractional-order dynamical systems in modeling epidemiological phenomena, we will adjust the parameters of a fractional generalization of the SIR model to describe the population distributions generated by SARS-CoV-2 in France and Colombia. Despite the completely different contexts of both countries, we will see how the system presented here manages to adequately model them thanks to the flexibility provided by the fractional-order differential equations. The data for Colombia were obtained from the records published by the Colombian Ministry of Information Technology and Communications from March 24 to July 10, 2020. Those for France were taken from the information published by the Ministry of Solidarity and Health from May 1 to September 6, 2020. As for the methodology implemented in this study, we conducted an exploratory analysis focused on solving the fractional SIR model by means of the fractional transformation method. In addition, the model parameters were adjusted using a sophisticated optimization method known as the Bound Optimization BY Quadratic Approximation (BOBYQA) algorithm. According to the results, the maximum error percentage for the evolution of the susceptible, infected, and recovered populations in France was 0.05%, 19%, and 6%, respectively, while that for the evolution of the susceptible, infected, and recovered populations in Colombia was 0.003%, 19%, and 38%, respectively. This was considered for data in which the disease began to spread and human intervention did not imply a substantial change in the community.
Study of the Mechanisms of Vortex Variability in the Lofoten Basin Based on Energy Analysis
Authors: Travkin V. S. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, Belonenko T. V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The Lofoten Basin is one of the most energetic zones of the World Ocean characterized by high activity of mesoscale eddies. The study is aimed at analyzing different components of general energy in the basin, namely the mean kinetic and vortex kinetic energy calculated using the integral of the volume of available potential and kinetic energy of the Lofoten Vortex, as well as variability of these characteristics. Methods and Results. GLORYS12V1 reanalysis data for the period 2010–2018 were used. The mean kinetic energy and the eddy kinetic one were analyzed; and as for the Lofoten Vortex, its volume available potential and kinetic energy was studied. Mesoscale activity of eddies in winter is higher than in summer. Evolution of the available potential energy and kinetic energy of the Lofoten Vortex up to the 1000 m horizon was studied. It is shown that the vortex available potential energy exceeds the kinetic one by an order of magnitude, and there is a positive trend with the coefficient 0,23·1015 J/year. It was found that in the Lofoten Basin, the intermediate layer from 600 to 900 m made the largest contribution to the potential energy, whereas the 0–400 m layer – to kinetic energy. The conversion rates of the mean kinetic energy into the vortex kinetic one, and the mean available potential energy into the vortex available potential one (baroclinic and barotropic instability) were analyzed. It is shown that the first type of transformation dominates in summer, while the second one is characterized by its increase in winter. Conclusions. The vertical profile shows that kinetic energy of eddies in winter is higher than in summer. The available potential energy of a vortex is by an order of magnitude greater than the kinetic energy. Increase in the available potential energy is confirmed by a significant positive trend and by decrease of the vortex Burger number. The graphs of the barotropic instability conversion rate demonstrate the multidirectional flows in the vortex zone with the dipole structure observed in a winter period, and the tripole one – in summer. The barotropic instability highest intensity is observed in summer. The baroclinic instability is characterized by intensification of the regime in winter that is associated with weakening of stratification in this period owing to winter convection.
Model and Experimental Estimates of Vertical Mixing Intensity in the Sea Upper Homogeneous Layer
Authors: Chukharev A. M. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Pavlov M. I. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The study is aimed at qualitative and quantitative analysis (based on the updated previously proposed multiscale model) of the experimental data on turbulence intensity and their comparison with theoretical and semi-empirical relationships for the purpose of describing the contributions of various turbulence sources. Methods and Results. A comparative analysis of experimental data and model calculations of turbulence characteristics near the sea surface was performed. The methods of theoretical assessing generation of turbulence in the near-surface sea layer by various physical processes are considered. The results of calculations by the well-known models of turbulent exchange were compared with the experimental data collected by the scientists of the Turbulence Department of MHI, RAS, using the specialized equipment. The analysis results made it possible to determine the possibility of applying the considered models for calculating turbulence intensity under different hydrometeorological conditions. At light winds, none of the models yielded the results which matched the measurement data. At moderate winds, the simulation results showed quite satisfactory agreement with the experiment data; and for strong winds, the multiscale model results were the best. This model was modified to assess the contributions of two other mechanisms of turbulence generation: the Stokes drift and the Langmuir circulations. Conclusions. Objective assessment of the turbulent exchange intensity requires taking into account of three main mechanisms of turbulence generation, namely flow velocity shear, wave motions and wave breaking. Depending on the hydrometeorological situation, each of these mechanisms can dominate in a certain depth range. The calculations performed using the updated model showed that the Stokes drift added 2–17 % to the total dissipation in the upper 30-meter layer, whereas the contribution of the Langmuir circulations calculated through dependence of the vertical velocity of kinetic energy transfer upon the Langmuir number, can reach 15 % for small Langmuir numbers.
Investigation of Airborne Particulate Matter in the Atmosphere of the Black Sea Coastal Zone Based on the Measured and Satellite Data
Authors: Varenik А. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Kalinskaya D. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Myslina М. А. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Purpose. One of the most pressing problems of large cities is air pollution resulting from presence of various large and fine particles in the air. These micro-particles can be transported by the air currents over considerable distances, as well as coagulate various substances also present in the atmosphere. The purpose of the work is to study the content of particulate matter of 2.5 and 10 microns (PM2.5 and PM10) in the atmosphere of Sevastopol, as well as the processes affecting their concentration. Methods and Results. During the period from February to June, 2020, the scientists of Marine Hydrophysical Institute (MHI), RAS measured mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in Sevastopol using the “Atmas” dust analyzer. A total of 180 measurements of the micro-particle concentrations in the air of Sevastopol were done, and 60 values of the PM2.5 and PM10 daily average concentrations were obtained. To analyze the preferred aerosol type for the dates with high content of suspended particles in the air, the CALIPSO satellite data were used. It is shown that the smoke recorded in the Sevastopol atmosphere on 19.02.2020 could lead to increase of the PM10 particles concentration. A day before the increased concentrations of suspended particles were revealed in the Sevastopol atmospheric air, the CALYPSO satellite data on aerosol typing over the Black Sea had shown predominance of the smoke aerosol in the atmosphere over the region under study. Conclusions. The results of the investigation shows that in the atmosphere of Sevastopol, the cases when the PM2.5 and PM10 particles contents exceeded the maximum permissible daily average concentration by up to 3.4 times were detected. It was found that the main cause of air pollution with micro-particles in Sevastopol was the transfer both of air masses from the deserts in the African continent and Asia and the burning biomass aerosol (smoke). Air pollution with the PM10 particles caused by the local source, namely soil exсavation in immediate proximity to the air sampling point, was less significant.
Spectral Contrasts of Short Wind Waves in Artificial Slicks from the Sea Surface Photographs
Authors: Dulov V. A. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Yurovskaya M. V. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The aim of the work is to evaluate the contrasts between the two-dimensional spectra of the short wind waves on a clean sea surface and on the surface covered by a thin film of vegetable oil. The contrast angular dependence, which is still not understood, is of particular interest. The study is intended to widen the base of empirical notions of wave suppression on the surfactant films in field conditions. Its results may be useful both for theoretical modeling the short wind wave spectra, and for developing the methods for remote monitoring of the ocean. Methods and Results. The contrasts were assessed by analyzing the sea surface photographs taken from the Platform of the Black Sea hydrophisical subsatellite polygon (Katsiveli) during the specialized experiments aimed at obtaining artificial slicks using vegetable oil spills. The applied in the study simple method for estimating the contrasts is based on the assumptions of a linear relationship between the brightness and the sea surface slope, and of the invariability of the brightness – slope transfer function at transition from a clean sea surface to a slick. In contrast to the previously applied methods, this approach makes it possible to obtain the contrasts varying both in wavenumber and direction. Obtaining the estimates of the shortest wave characteristics usually constitutes the utmost technical difficulty. In the work, the spectral contrasts are evaluated for the wind waves whose lengths are from ~ 20 to ~ 1 cm. Conclusions. At moderate wind speeds (6–8 m/s), the obtained contrasts increase monotonically with the wavenumber up to the values ~ 10. Under calm conditions (wind speed 0.5 m/s), the spectral contrast maximum (~ 30–50) is observed at the wavenumber peak ~ 100 rad/m that is qualitatively confirmed by the estimates from a string wave gauge. These results are consistent with the previous measurements performed by the other authors. The two-dimensional contrast distributions are anisotropic with the maximum in the direction perpendicular to the wind one. At moderate winds, the anisotropy increases with growth of a wavenumber.
The effects of aridity and grazing on the relation between the dominant shrub Artemisia kopetdaghensis and plants under its canopy
Authors: Rahmanian Soroor , ejtehadi hamid , Farzam Mohammad , Hejda Martin , Memariani Farshid , Pyšek Petr
Published: July 2021

Aridity and intensive grazing have been confirmed to affect the
facilitative effects of dryland shrubs. However, their combined effects
on plant-plant interactions have rarely been tested. To test how these
two factors affect relations between plants, we analyzed 144 plots
(under shrub canopy vs. open areas) at 12 sampling areas established in
the conditions of two grazing regimes (high grazing vs. low grazing
intensity) and two different climatic regions (arid vs. semi-arid) in
northeastern Iran. A dominant shrub, Artemisia kopetdaghensis, was
selected as the model species. Further, we studied changes in plant life
strategies along the combined grazing and aridity stress gradients. We
used relative interaction indices to test the outcomes of plant-plant
interactions, calculated for species richness, Shannon diversity and
species abundances. Then we compared them using linear mixed-effect
models (LMM). The indicator species analysis was used to identify
species typical for the under-canopy of shrub and for the adjacent open
areas. The combination of stress factors affected the type and intensity
of plant-plant interactions and plant life strategies (CSR) of the
indicator species. Artemisia kopetdaghensis showed the highest
facilitation effect under the most intensive stress conditions (high
aridity/high grazing), which turned into competition under the low
stress conditions (low aridity/low grazing). In the arid region, the
canopy of shrub protected ruderal annual forbs and grasses with SR and
R-strategy, respectively, in both high (high aridity/high grazing) and
low grazing intensity (high aridity/low grazing). In the semi-arid
region and high grazing intensity (low aridity/high grazing), the shrubs
protected perennial forbs with C-strategy. Our FINDINGS highlight the
importance of context-dependent shrub management in the restoration of
vegetation damaged by intensive grazing.
Physiological adaptations affecting drug pharmacokinetics in space: what do we really know? A critical review of the literature.
Authors: Russo Cinzia Dello , Bandiera Tiziano , Monici Monica , Surdo Leonardo , Yip Vincent , Wotring Virginia , morbidelli lucia
Published: July 2021

As human spaceflight continues with extended mission durations, the
demand of effective and safe drugs is going to increase. To date, the
medications used during missions (for space motion sickness, sleep
disturbances, allergies, pain and sinus congestion) are administered
under the assumption that they act similarly as on the Earth. During
spaceflights however fluid shifts, muscle and bone loss, immune system
dysregulation and changes in the gastrointestinal tract and metabolism
are documented. These alterations may change the pharmacokinetics (PK)
and pharmacodynamics. The information gained from bed-rest studies and
from inflight observations is partial and demonstrates variability in
drug PK. The objectives of this review are to report: i) the impact of
the space environmental stressors on human physiology in relation to PK;
ii) the state-of-the-art on experimental data in space and/or in
ground-based models; iii) the validation of ground-based models for PK
studies; and iv) the identification of possible research gaps.
Conclusion: Female Leaders Using Coercive Power Motivate Subordinates
Authors: Kovach Mary
Published: July 2021

This manuscript advances prior research (Blau, 1964; Elangovan & Xie, 1999; French & Raven, 1959; Goodstadt & Hjelle, 1973; Hegtvedt, 1988; Randolph & Kemery, 2011; Zigarmi, Peyton Roberts, & Randolph, 2015) and capitalizes on supervisory skills using power dynamics within the workplace, by investigating employee effort resulting from gender dissimilar supervisor-employee dyads and employee locus of control. To offer a more focused approach, this is an evaluation specifically on reward and coercive power derived from French and Raven’s (1959) five power bases. This manuscript proposes that the motivation levels of employees change, based on their locus of control and gender. There were 155 full-time professionals surveyed, this study concluded a positive relationship between the use of reward power and employee effort. Notably, the supplemental analysis indicated a positive relationship between female supervisors who exhibited coercive power and greater employee effort.
Taken for Suckers: Causal Attributions of the Consequences of Overcharging Sales Tax in Daily Deal Transactions
Authors: Foy Joseph , Sampath Vijay S. , Raskin Rachel , Kass-Shraibman Frimette , Gopalakrishna Pradeep
Published: July 2021

In an experimental setting, we examine consumer reactions in daily deal transactions when they are overcharged sales tax. Overcharges arise when the daily deal operators subsequently provide additional discounts to consumers unbeknownst to the merchants. Drawing on social status and attribution theories, we posit that consumers will ascribe causes for the overcharges to the merchants because of their lower status when compared to the higher status of the daily deal operators. We then examine the main and moderating effects of the overcharges on the behavioral intentions of consumers to repurchase from merchants. Merchants' ability to verify correct sales prices, descriptive social norms, and the trust placed in accountants explain variations in repurchase intentions. Overall, the results suggest that ethical norm violations by higher-status entities results in the transfer of negative consequences to lower-status entities. Forensic accountants can be instrumental in helping businesses to understand the effects of ethical norm violations.
Epidemiology, Comorbidity and Risk Factors for Psoriatic Arthritis: A Health Insurance Claims Database Analysis
Authors: Maximilian Reinhardt , Garbe Claudia , Petersen Jana , Augustin Matthias , Kirsten Natalia , Biermann Mona H.C. , Häberle Benjamin M. , Hagenström Kristina
Published: July 2021

Psoriatic arthritis is a frequent manifestation of psoriasis, and has a high level of impact on physical func­tioning, work ability and quality of life. However, there have been few studies of the epidemiology, development of and risk factors for concomitant psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis. This study analysed data from a German public health insurance database of > 2 million individuals. Factors influencing the development of psoriatic arthritis were determined by descriptively analysing comorbidities and Cox regression modelling. The prevalences of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were 2.63% and 0.29% in adults (18+ years) and, respectively, 0.30% and 0.01% in children (0–17 years). The proportion of adult patients with incident psoriasis who developed concomitant psoriatic arthritis within five years after diagnosis of psoriasis (mean 2.3 years) was 2.6%. Cardiovascular diseases are the most frequent comorbidity in patients with psoriasis with or without concomitant psoriatic arthritis. Depression and neurosis/stress disorder were identified as indicators for the development of psoriatic arthritis.
Perception by parents of characteristics that should be found in children’s books
Authors: Yeniasır Mustafa , Karabacak Esra , Gümüş Safa Alpay
Published: July 2021

Children reflect on life what they learn from their family, environment and teachers from an early age. For this reason, in order to ensure that children like books, first of all, mothers and fathers need to love to read books and to be able to choose the works suitable for their children; and for this, they need to know some characteristics of the books in question. The aim of the study is to reveal an understanding for the characteristics that should be found in children's books. The general survey model will be used in the study and the participants will be selected by random method. In line with the determined goal, participants will be asked to write the content, formal and linguistic characteristics that should be found in children's books. The findings obtained will be evaluated according to the scale prepared using different sources to determine the characteristics that should be found in children's books and some recommendations will be made.
PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP GURU BIMBINGAN KONSELING DI SMA NEGERI 1 SARUDU KECAMATAN SARUDU KABUPATEN PASANGKAYU PROVINSI SULAWESI BARAT
Authors: Asnia Asnia , Adam Adam , Latepo Ibrahim
Published: July 2021

The Objective of this research is to determine the role of counseling teachers at SMA Negeri 1 Sarudu. Techniques of data collections are data reduction, data presentation, and data verification (conclusion). The role of counseling teachers in SMA Negeri 1 Sarudu is used to educate and assist students in solving their problems through counseling at school. But the result showed that not all students had good perceptions of the counseling guidance by teachers. There were some of them assumed that counseling teacher at this school was less assertive in dealing with students who often skipped class.
Metallic Ratios in Primitive Pythagorean Triples : Metallic Means embedded in Pythagorean Triangles and other Right Triangles
Authors: Rajput Chetansing
Published: July 2021

The Primitive Pythagorean Triples are found to be the purest expressions of various Metallic Ratios. Each Metallic Mean is epitomized by one particular Pythagorean Triangle. Also, the Right Angled Triangles are found to be more “Metallic” than the Pentagons, Octagons or any other (n2+4)gons. The Primitive Pythagorean Triples, not the regular polygons, are the prototypical forms of all Metallic Means.
Cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Treatment modalities
Authors: Zisis Vasileios , Venou Maria , Poulopoulos Athanasios , Andreadis Dimitrios
Published: July 2021

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) belongs to the most frequent cancer subtypes in the world. Mutations due to genetic and chromosomal instability, syndromes such as Fanconi anemia and the Bloom syndrome, environmental risk factors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol and human papillomavirus infection (HPV) subtypes 16,18,31,33,35,52,58 are implicated in its pathogenesis. The HNSCC belongs to the solid tumors of epithelial origin and consists of stromal, inflammatory, cancer cells and most importantly a fraction of them, the cancer stem cells (CSCs). The identification of the CSCs through their biomarkers such as CD44, CD10, CD166, CD133, CD271, ALDH, Oct4, Nanog, Sox2 and Bmi1, the maintenance of their subpopulation through epithelial to mesenchymal transition, the role of HPV infection regarding their prognosis and of their microenvironment regarding their resistance to therapy, all constitute key elements that must be taken thoroughly into consideration in order to develop an effective targeted therapy. There are already therapies in place targeting specific related biomarkers, important biochemical pathways and growth factors. The aim of this literature review is to illustrate the treatment modalities available against the cancer stem cells of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Hemostatic and histopathological effects of local mineral zeolite and tranexamic acid in experimental femoral artery bleeding model
Authors: Seda Altop , Özdal Zincir , Ünür Meral , Vakur Olgaç , Özyeğin Sevgi
Published: July 2021

Background/Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of local zeolite and tranexamic acid application on hemostasis duration and histopathological changes in the experimental bleeding model, created by puncturing femoral arteries in rats. Material and Methods: A total of 36 Sprague Dawley female rats weighing an average of 240 ± 20 g were used in the study. The three main study groups were the zeolite, zeolite+tranexamic acid, and control groups. Each group was sacrificed on the seventh and fourteenth days of the study, using subgroups for histopathological findings. After piercing the femoral artery of each rat, one gram of the material assigned to the group was applied to the bleeding site after which a 100gram scale weight was placed on the site for 30 SEC intervals, during which temperature was measured. The same sequence of procedures was repeated for the control group, using only standard compression. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 15 statistical software. Significance was evaluated at the level of p< 0.05. Results: The bleeding stop time of the control group was significantly longer than the zeolite and zeolite+tranexamic groups (p< 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the zeolite and zeolite+tranexamic groups' bleeding stop times (p> 0.05) or between the mean wound temperatures of the control and zeolite+tranexamic acid groups when bleeding stopped (p> 0.05). Conclusions: The effectiveness of the zeolite group and zeolite+tranexamic acid mixture is more than the control group in ensuring bleeding control. Their efficacy has been clearly observed in providing hemostasis. In addition, it has been determined that zeolite tranexamic acid mixture causes less exothermic reaction than zeolite group. We believe that this new formula should be developed and used to guide new studies.
Evaluation of antibiotic prescribing patterns in paediatric dental patients: Cross-sectional epidemiological study
Authors: Yigit Tugba , Ezberci Sibel , Gucyetmez Topal
Published: July 2021

Background/Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibiotic prescribing patterns for the treatment of paediatric oral infection, dental trauma and prophylaxis among dentists in Turkey. Material and Methods: A total of 206 paediatric dentists, including general dentists, paediatric dentists and specialist dentists, participated in this crosssectional study. The questionnaire included questions about the number of paediatric patients treated and antibiotics prescribed, the most commonly prescribed antibiotic for oral infections and the clinical conditions under which antibiotics were prescribed. The participants' ages, workplaces and professional experience were also evaluated. Results: The majority of the participants were paediatric dentists (45.1%) and general dentists (42.7%). For the management of dental infections, most dentists prescribed penicillin (94.7%). Their foremost prescription choices for the presence of an anaerobic infection were metronidazole (48.5%) and penicillin (32%). For dental trauma, the most common antibiotic-prescribed cases were avulsion and contaminated wounds, followed by alveolar fracture. Antibiotics were prescribed as a first choice for dental infections and dental infections of anaerobic origin, with no significant differences between professional experience or dental specialty in the dentists (p > 0.05). Practitioners belonging to Ministry of Health dental centres significantly differed from all other groups in preferring the antibiotic cephalosporin for dental infections of anaerobic origin. Conclusions: Adherence to published guidelines for antibiotic prescriptions for anaerobic dental infections and dental trauma was low. Clearer, more specific guidelines and increased post-graduate education could lead to a reduction in the negative consequences of this issue's resultant over-prescribed antibiotics.
The evaluation of medical conditions in patients admitted to the oral diagnosis clinic
Authors: Tuğçe Temur
Published: July 2021

Background/Aim: The aim of this study is to set forth the current systemic diseases of the patients admitted to the oral diagnosis clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry Sütçü İmam University, and the prevalence of these diseases. Material and Methods: This study will be conducted by retrospective evaluation of anamneses in the tooth information management system of patients admitted to the oral diagnosis clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry, Sütçü İmam University for dental treatment. The anamneses taken from the patients before their treatments will be obtained from digital medium. Results: Out of 4077 patients included in the study, 2554 were female, and 1523 were male. Of them, 25.6% had systemic diseases. The mean age of the patients was 35.24%+12.3. It was found that cardiovascular diseases were more common than the other systemic diseases. The most common cardiovascular disease was found to be hypertension (7.5%), while the most common endocrine system disease was diabetes mellitus (7.5%). Conclusions: Dental practitioners must keep themselves up-to-date as they encounter patients with systemic diseases. They must pay attention while taking anamneses from patients. Therefore, they may apply medical consultation to prevent probable complications when necessary.
The image of multilinear polynomials evaluated on 3 × 3 upper triangular matrices
Authors: de Mello Thiago Castilho
Published: July 2021

We describe the images of multilinear polynomials of arbitrary degree evaluated on the 3×3 upper triangular matrix algebra over an infinite field.
Pre-derivations and description of non-strongly nilpotent filiform Leibniz algebras
Authors: Abdurasulov K.K. , Khudoyberdiyev A. Kh. , Ladra M. , Sattarov A.M.
Published: July 2021

In this paper we give the description of some non-strongly nilpotent Leibniz algebras. We pay our attention to the subclass of nilpotent Leibniz algebras, which is called filiform. Note that the set of filiform Leibniz algebras of fixed dimension can be decomposed into three disjoint families. We describe the pre-derivations of filiform Leibniz algebras for the first and second families and determine those algebras in the first two classes of filiform Leibniz algebras that are non-strongly nilpotent.
Weak polynomial identities and their applications
Authors: Drensky Vesselin
Published: July 2021

Let R be an associative algebra over a field K generated by a vector subspace V. The polynomial f(x
1, . . . , xn
) of the free associative algebra K〈x
1, x
2, . . .〉 is a weak polynomial identity for the pair (R, V) if it vanishes in R when evaluated on V. We survey results on weak polynomial identities and on their applications to polynomial identities and central polynomials of associative and close to them nonassociative algebras and on the finite basis problem. We also present results on weak polynomial identities of degree three.
A design methodology for programmable-gain low-noise TIA in CMOS
Authors: Romanova Agata , Barzdenas Vaidotas
Published: July 2021

The work reports on the design of an area-efficient inductor-less low-noise CMOS transimpedance amplifier suitable for entry-level optical time-domain reflectometers. The work suggests a novel approach for implementing a programmable-gain in capacitive feedback TIA with an independent adjustment of the low- and high-frequency behavior using the input stage biasing impedance and one of the feedback capacitors. The approach addresses a typical noise problem of fast feed-forward or resistive feedback topologies while alleviating the trade-off of the key TIA performance indicators. A more accurate amplifier model is proposed which takes into account the effects due to capacitive isolation and both biasing circuits. Further modifications to the reference design are suggested including the PMOS-based implementation of the biasing circuit to address the voltage headroom issue. The circuit was implemented using a standard 180 nm CMOS process and operates from 1.8 V supply with the drawn current of 11.7 mA.
Analysis of Methods for Preventing and Fighting the Self-Heating Phenomena of Coal Used in Jiu Valley Mines
Authors: Rogobete Marius
Published: July 2021

This paper deals with the analysis of two cases of coal self-heating from two longwall mining within the coal exploitations belonging to Complexul Energetic Hunedoara, phenomena that started similarly but later evolved differently, as a result of prevention methods applied or not applied in each case. For the analysis of these self-heating phenomena, the data collected after the occurrence of the first signs were used, respectively the emission of carbon monoxide in the longwall mining area, until the moment of desertion and closure of the longwall with dams in the first case and eradication of the phenomenon in the second case. By analyzing in parallel the two cases, several conclusions are drawn which may help to counteract these types of phenomena that may occur in the longwall exploited in similar conditions.
Spatial Representation of Useful Minerals Deposits
Authors: Herbei Mihai Valentin , Herbei Roxana Claudia , Filip Larisa Ofelia
Published: July 2021

Starting from the fact that in the mining industry and in general in the field of underground constructions, the topographic activity, regardless of which of its manifestations, conditions and substantiates the achievement of economic and technological objectives, implicitly resulting in the dependence between topographic precision and qualitative and quantitative performance of mining. The level at which the professional responsibility of the topographic activity, as a whole is engaged in the achievement of some proposed objectives, depends on the framework resulting from the technological complexity of the mining activity in the conditions of its restructuring and efficiency. Spatial representations of useful mineral deposits in the earth's crust, which meet the quality conditions necessary for the design of underground mining works, can be used to choose the most efficient methods of opening, preparation and exploitation of useful mineral deposits. These analyzes are the basis for the realization of underground topographic networks that have a precise connection with the topographic base at the surface. The use of stereographic projection and stereographic networks can be achieved by faithfully representing the tectonics and positioning of deposits of useful mineral matter inside the earth's crust.
Biomechanics of Rotational Movement in Off-Ice Figure Skating Jumps: Applications to Training
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Anna
Published: July 2021

Introduction

The aim of this study was to characterize kinematic parameters of the rotational body movement during the office figure skating multi-revolution jumping exercise and to propose applications to training.

Material and Methods

Six elite Polish female junior singles figure skaters were examined performing single and their respective maximum total rotation vertical jumps in off-ice conditions. Measurements of the ground reaction force were performed with a KISTLER (500 Hz) piezoelectric sensor platform with BioWare Software, synchronized with the cinematographic analysis using the Vicon T-Series motion capture system.

Results

The analysis revealed positive linear relations between selected jump parameters of the pre-take-off phase and after the landing. Two moments of countering torque were also noticed: the first in the landing phase, and the second before reaching the stabilized position.

Conclusions

Applications of the findings for off-ice training were discussed.
Numerical Estimation of Hull Hydrodynamic Derivatives in Ship Maneuvering Prediction
Authors: Kołodziej Radosław , Hoffmann Paweł
Published: July 2021

Prediction of the maneuvering characteristics of a ship at the design stage can be done by means of model tests, computational simulations or a combination of both. The model tests can be realized as a direct simulation of the standard maneuvers with the free running model, which gives the most accurate results but is also the least affordable, as it requires a very large tank or natural lake, as well as the complex equipment of the model. Alternatively, a captive model test can be used to identify the hydrodynamic characteristics of the hull, which can be used to simulate the standard maneuvers with the use of dedicated software. Two types of captive model tests are distinguished: circular motion tests (CMT) and planar motion mechanism tests (PMM). The paper presents an attempt to develop a computational method for ship maneuverability prediction in which the hydrodynamic characteristics of the hull are identified by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The CFD analyses presented here directly simulate the circular motion test. The resulting hull characteristics are verified against the available literature data, and the results of the simulations are verified against the results of free running model tests. Reasonable agreement shows the large potential of the proposed method.