bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potensi Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Perekonomian Nasional
Authors: Sulistiyaningsih Nur , Shultan Shul Thanul Azkar
Published: October 2023

The merger of three BUMN Sharia Banks namely BRI Syariah (BRIS), Mandiri Syariah Mandiri (BSM), and BNI Syariah (BNIS) which became Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) brought new breakthroughs and led the bank to be ranked 7th national bank based on assets. . The government has high hopes for the usefulness of the Indonesian Sharia Bank because it is a momentum that will affect public awareness of the Islamic financial industry, especially Islamic banking. However, behind the opportunities for an industry there is a challenge that must be resolved, as for the challenge is related to increasing financial literacy, how to adapt a new work culture which of course between the three previous Islamic banks has different characteristics, bank management which ensures that integration runs well without sacrificing previous quality resources, and how to create competitive financial services and be able to accommodate and facilitate financing related to MSMEs. Bank Syariah Indonesia can make the Islamic finance industry compete both regionally and internationally so that it can help develop national economy.
 
Abstrak: Merger yang dilakukan terhadap tiga Bank Syariah BUMN yaitu BRI Syariah (BRIS), Mandiri Syariah Mandiri (BSM), dan BNI Syariah (BNIS) yang menjadi Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) membawa terobosan baru dan mengantarkan bank tersebut menjadi peringkat 7 bank nasional berdasarkan aset. Pemerintah menaruh harapan besar terhadap kebermanfaatan dari Bank Syariah Indonesia karena merupakan sebuah momentum yang akan mempengaruhi kesadaran masyarakat terhadap industri keuangan syariah terutama perbankan syariah. Namun, dibalik peluang suatu industri terdapat sebuah tantangan yang harus diselesaikan, adapun tantangan tersebut ialah berkaitan dengan peningkatan literasi keuangan, bagaimana mengadaptasi budaya kerja baru yang tentu di antara ketiga bank syariah sebelumnya memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda, manajamen  bank yang memastikan bahwa integrasi berjalan baik tanpa mengorbankan Sumber Daya berkualiatas sebelumnya, dan bagaimana caranya membuat jasa keuangan yang dapat bersaing serta mampu mengakomodir dan memfasilitasi pembiayaan yang berkaitan dengan UMKM. Bank Syariah Indonesia dapat menjadikan industri keuangan syariah bersaing baik tingkat regional maupun internasional sehingga dapat membantu pembangunan perkonomian nasional.
Konstruksi Fikih Kebangsaan Nahdlatul Ulama
Authors: Sholihuddin Muh. , Jazil Saiful
Published: October 2023

National jurisprudence is actually a response to the discourse on the relationship between religion and the State. Some Islamic groups who have the view of Islamic religious and political unity (al-Islam din wa daulah) that the three concepts are a complete and inseparable unity. The others said that the unity of religion and the State had ended when finally of al-Khulafa 'al-Rashidun. This matter when contextualized in Indonesia also becomes a long debate about the shape of the Indonesian state. Some want Islam to be the basis of the state and others want a nation-state. This is where national jurisprudence emerges as a way of looking at the relationship between religion and the State. Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) as an Islamic organization since the beginning of the emergence of the State has very strong national fiqh nuances. NU's acceptance of the nation-state as a form of State is evidence of this. With this manhaj fiqh siyasah, NU introduced the building of national political arguments without leaving Islamic teachings. Indonesia as a plural country is certainly the choice of the nation-state is the most ideal choice because it can minimize the potential for discrimination.
 
Abstrak: Fikih kebangsaan merupakan respons atas wacana hubungan agama dan Negara. Sebagian kelompok memandang bahwa agama dan politik Islam (al-Islam din wa daulah) merupakan kesatuan yang utuh tak terpisahkan. Sebagian lain menyatakan bahwa kesatuan agama dan Negara itu sudah berakhir dengan selesainya al-Khulafa’ al-Rashidun. Dan ketika dikontekstualisasi di Indonesia menjadi perdebatan yang cukup panjang tentang bentuk Negara Indonesia. Sebagian menghendaki agar Islam menjadi dasar negara dan sebagian yang lain menghendaki nation-state. Di sinilah kemudian muncul fikih kebangsaan sebagai cara pandang dalam melihat hubungan agama dan Negara. Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) sebagai organisasi Islam sejak awal munculnya Negara sudah sangat kental nuansa fikih kebangsaannya. Penerimaan NU atas nation-state sebagai bentuk Negara menjadi bukti akan hal itu. Melalui manhaj fiqh siyasah ini, NU mengenalkan bangunan argumentasi politik kebangsaan tanpa meninggalkan ajaran Islam. Indonesia sebagai Negara yang plural tentu pilihan nation-state merupakan pilihan yang paling ideal karena dapat meminimalisasi potensi diskriminasi.
Implementasi Pasal 183 KHI dalam Pembagian Harta Waris pada Surat Perjanjian Bermaterai (Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah)
Authors: Affarudin Muhammad Agung Ilham , Darmawan Darmawan
Published: October 2023

This study purpose to describe the amicable inheritance distribution system in a letter of agreement by implementing Article 183 KHI. The research methods used are library research and field research. The techniques used in this study were compiled from text studies and interviews with several heirs. From the results of this study, it is known that: First, the legal basis that allows the distribution of inheritance to be carried out peacefully by way of deliberation in Indonesia is Article 183 of the KHI, even so, it is in accordance with the concept of mas}lah}ah mursalah}. Second, the technical distribution is the stages of division by fara>id} first, then the distribution in a peaceful family manner. The distribution technique is carried out wisely, peacefully, and based on the principle of kinship which has been agreed upon and made in a stamped agreement letter. In addition, the technical distribution represents the principle of balanced justice, where the heirs divide the inheritance according to their needs and uses wisely.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang sistem pembagian waris secara damai dalam surat perjanjian dengan mengimplementasikan KHI Pasal 183. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni library reseacrh dan field research.  Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dihimpun dari telaah teks dan wawancara beberapa ahli waris. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa: Pertama, dasar hukum yang membolehkan pembagian waris dilakukan secara damai dengan jalan musyawarah di Indonesia adalah Pasal 183 KHI, pun demikian sudah sesuai, dengan konsep mas}lah}ah mursalah}. Kedua, teknis pembagiannya yakni dengan tahapan pembagian secara fara>id} terlebih dahulu, kemudian pembagian secara damai kekeluargaan. Teknis pembagian yang dilakukan secara bijaksana, damai, dan berdasarkan asas kekeluargaan yang telah disepakati dan dibuat dalam surat perjanjian bermaterai. Selain itu, teknis pembagian tersebut merepresentasikan asas keadilan berimbang, dimana ahli waris membagi harta waris sesuai keperluan dan kegunaan dengan bijaksana.
Pergeseran Hukum Keluarga di Maroko dari Mudawwanah Tahun 1957-1958 ke Mudawwanah Tahun 2004
Authors: Ali Trigiyatno  , Qomariyah Siti , Aryanto Eko Yuni , Yusuf Salafudin , Sulaiman Amat
Published: October 2023

A law being reviewed and amended would not be a strange phenomenon. In Morocco, family law has been changed from the old Mudawwanah to the new Mudawwanah. Even though they belong to the Maliki school of thought, Morocco still wants to take from other schools that they feel are more substantial and beneficial. This article intends to explain the shift in family law provisions in Morocco from the old Mudawwanah, ratified in 1957-58, to the new Mudawwanah, approved in 2004. Despite opposition from various groups, the Mudawwanah al-Usrah in 2004 was successfully ratified and enforced for Moroccan citizens. Many parties, especially gender activists, praised the 2004 Mudawwanah as a progressive family law that cares about gender in Arab countries. There were at least seventeen issues in the 2004 Mudawwanah, which underwent quite fundamental and significant shifts compared to the provisions in the previous Mudawwanah. The new provision seeks to strengthen the rights and position of Moroccan women as well as legal protection and guarantees for children.
 
Abstrak: Sebuah undang-undang ditinjau dan diamandemen kiranya bukan persoalan aneh lagi. Di Maroko, telah terjadi amandemen hukum keluarga cukup signifikan dari Mudawwanah lama dengan Mudawwanah baru. Walau bermazhab Maliki, namun Maroko tetap mau mengambil dari mazhab lain yang dirasa lebih kuat dan maslahat. Artikel ini hendak menjelaskan pergeseran ketentuan hukum keluarga di Maroko dari Mudawwanah lama yang disahkan tahun 1957-58 dengan Mudawwanah baru yang disahkan tahun 2004. Walau ada penentangan dari berbagai kalangan, namun akhirnya Mudawwanah al-Usrah tahun 2004 berhasil disahkan dan diberlakukan bagi warga negara Maroko. Banyak pihak terutama aktifis jender memuji Mudawwanah tahun 2004 sebagai hukum keluarga yang progresif dan peduli jender untuk ukuran negeri-negeri Arab. Sekurangnya ada tujuh belas isu dalam Mudawwanah tahun 2004 yang mengalami pergeseran cukup mendasar dan signifikan dibanding ketentuan dalam Mudawwanah sebelumnya. Ketentuan baru tersebut pada dasarnya berupaya untuk menguatkan hak-hak dan kedudukan kaum wanita Maroko serta perlindungan dan jaminan hukum bagi anak-anak.
Equity Crowdfunding: Financing Instruments MSMEs Compilation of Perspective Sharia Economic Law
Authors: Febriyanti Novi
Published: October 2023

This study aims to analyze financing instruments for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) through equity crowdfunding and examine equity crowdfunding in the perspective of compilation of Sharia economic law (KHES). This type of research is descriptive qualitative research, namely research that seeks to describe and explain the data obtained with secondary data. This study uses a literature research approach, where the data sources are obtained from literature studies and various kinds of literature that are worthy of discussion, including the study of OJK Regulation No. 37/POJK.04/2018 and DSN MUI Fatwa No. 117 /DSN-MUI/II/2018. The results of this study indicate that the financing instrument carried out contains business actors, investors and fund distribution institutions. While the review of Islamic economic law regarding equity crowdfunding leads to 2 types of contracts, namely mudharabah and musyarakah contracts that can be used as references.
Pandangan Dosen Prodi KHI UINSA Surabaya terhadap Kebijakan Pencatatan Nikah Siri dalam Kartu Keluarga Perspektif Maslahah
Authors: Ulya Zakiyatul
Published: October 2023

This paper is motivated by controversies among the public in the emergence of the policy of registering unregistered marriages on family cards, leading to. It aims to determine the opinion of lecturers of the Islamic Family Law Study Program at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya as the competent party regarding this policy to be analyzed using the problem concept. The study results show that there are differences of opinion among lecturers regarding this policy, some agree based on several reasons for the benefit contained therein, and some disagree based on reasons for the harm that will be raised. Lecturers who agree with the view that the policy of registering marriage on the family card does not conflict with the texts of syara', is in line with the objectives of syara', contains benefits and concerns the interests of the people, in contrast to lecturers who do not agree to have the opposite view.
Resposisi Agama dalam Perang
Authors: Ayu Rikza
Published: October 2023

Religion is two blades which one side can be a tool to legitimize stabbing humans, but on the other hand can be a source of hope. Religion in the Afghanistan conflict is not only a justification for jihadist acts, but also a hidden cause of conflict between religious communities there which gave birth to ethnic and religious group disintegration. This is compounded by the absence of structural institutions that accommodate national unity. The difficulty of reconciliation carried out by state actors and international organizations in the resolution of the Afghanistan conflict has led to the use of second-track diplomacy to help resolve this never-ending revolution. The appointment of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) which is a religious-based civil society organization as a mediator by Indonesia in supporting reconciliation efforts is the turning point of the conflict transformation effort in Afghanistan. NU has a vision to create positive peace that aims to mitigate religious teachings in contributing to the conflict and eliminate the justification of religion as a tool to perpetuate civil conflict. In the context of public diplomacy, NU uses a model of religious diplomacy that can be defined as "the use of religion to communicate with the global public as a way to overcome the Afghan conflict”. This paper seeks to explain how NU uses religious diplomacy in conflict transformation efforts in Afghanistan.
Peran Unchr dalam Permasalahan Pengungsi Konflik Ethiophia-Tigray
Authors: Feyza  Raharsh Lumintosari
Published: October 2023

The conflict between Ethiopia and Tigray which began in November 2020 is a conflict caused by political and ideological differences between the Federal government of Ethiopia and the Tigray ethnic group until a clash between the two caused thousands of people to die, not only a ceasefire, the Ethiopia-Tigray conflict also caused a humanitarian crisis. one of the reasons is because the Ethiopian federal government has closed access to the Tigray area so that no one can enter or leave the Tigray area and make thousands of other people have to flee to other places due to conditions that are no longer conducive. By using the question how is the role of UNCHR in providing protection for refugees from Tigray, because as an organization that is engaged in refugee issues and is tasked with finding solutions for refugees by collaborating with partners in providing facilities to refugees and providing international protection. This writing uses qualitative methods with library studies which are then analyzed descriptively.

Konflik antara Ethiophia dan Tigray yang dimulai pada November 2020 merupakan konflik yang disebabkan oleh Perbedaan politik dan Ideologi antara pemerintahan Federal Ethiophia dan kelompok etnis Tigray hingga terjadi benturan diantara keduannya yang menyebabkan ribuan orang meninggal tidak hanya gencatan senjata konflik Ethiophia-Tigray juga menyebabkan adanya krisis kemanusiaan salah satu penyebabnya adalah karena pemerintah federal Ethiophia menutup akses wilayah Tigray sehingga tidak ada yang bisa masuk atau keluar dari wilayah Tigray dan membuat ribuan orang lainnya harus mengungsi ke tempat lain dikarenakan kondisi yang sudah tidak kondusif lagi. Dengan menggunakan pertanyaan bagaimana peran UNCHR dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap pengungsi dari Tigray, karena sebagai organisasi yang bergerak dalam permasalahan pengungsian dan bertugas mencari jalan keluar bagi para pengungsi dengan bekerjasama dengan mitranya dalam memberikan fasilitas kepada para pengungsi dan memberikan perlindungan interasional. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan studi Pustaka yang kemudian di analisis secara deskriptif.
Dampak Perdamaian Dunia Arab dan Israel Terhadap Hubungan Diplomatik antara Palestina dan Uea
Authors: Subdihadi Rifka nurohma
Published: October 2023

Keputusan Normalisai Uni Emirat Arab terhadap Israel sangat mengejutkan bagi negara-negara Islam. Dampak dari Normalisasi terhadapa hubungan diplomatik Dunia Arab kepada Palestina terancam. Metode penelitian Kualitatif bertujuan untuk menggali dan memahami makna perilaku atau interaksi sosial. Konsep dari Normalisasi hubungan Uni Emirat Arab, digunakan di dalam penelitian ini untuk menelaah dan mengetahui tujuan dari perdamaian kedua negara tersebut. Kemudian penelitian ini bisa menjadi pengetahuan makna, proses dan konteks dari suatu isu. Konflik Palestina-Israel terjadi sangat lama dan tidak menemukan tiitk terang, namun tiba-tiba UEA  menormalisasikan hubungannya dengan Israel dan dikecam oleh negara-negara islam lainnya sehingga disebut sebagai penghianat muslim.
DINAMIKA EKONOMI-POLITIK ASEAN
Authors: Khaldun Riady Ibnu
Published: October 2023

erjasama negara-negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara yang dikenal dengan nama ASEAN telah berlangsung selama beberapa tahun semenjak disepakati pada Tahun 1967 oleh lima negara pengusul yaitu Thailand, Indonesia, Singapura, Vietnam, dan Malaysia. Hingga saat ini, telah terpenuhi jumlah anggota negara ASEAN menjadi sepuluh di mana terdapat dua negara lainnya di luar anggota yang masih berstatus sebagai pengamat. Dalam kurun beberapa tahun masa berdiri ASEAN sampai sekarang telah meratifikasi berbagai kebijakan ekonomi guna mendorong terciptanya kesejahteraan negara anggota yang tertuang di dalam piagam ASEAN. Satu di antaranya adalah kebijakan pelaksanaan free trade dengan tujuan untuk melonggarkan arus perpindahan baik barang maupun jasa di kawasan ASEAN melalui mekanisme pasar tunggal dengan menggunakan skema CEPT.  Sejak didirikannya ASEAN telah terdapat berbagai kebijakan yang telah diratifikasi seperti AFTA namun pada implementasinya belum terlaksana dengan optimal khususnya dalam memaksimalkan keuntungan melalui kebijakan tersebut sehingga perlu untuk ditingkatkan terkait dengan pengelolaan komoditas unggulan serta pengembangan daya saing produk unggulan yang dimiliki.
Doulas da morte: uma revisão de escopo
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Campina Grande – UFCG, campus Cuité-PB, Brasil, Agra Glenda , Gomes Rafael Kádla Jocelli , de Lima Monteiro Maria Heloyse , Freire Avelar Maria Aparecida , de Souza Neto Olavo Mauricio , Barbiere Santana Tatiana
Published: October 2023

Introdução. O profissional doula da morte é considerado um colaborador solidário, cujo objetivo é melhorar a qualidade de morte no processo de terminalidade de pacientes, de forma a proporcionar uma ‘boa morte’. Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo é mapear as evidências científicas sobre os papéis das doulas da morte na terminalidade da vida. Materiais e Métodos. Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo realizada nas bases de dados CINHAL, EMBASE, WOS, PUBMED e LILACS usando descritores de saúde conectados pelos operados booleanos AND e OR no espaço temporal entre 2000 e 2021. Resultados: Dos 467 artigos encontrados, somente 11 fizeram parte da amostra final. Dentre a diversidade e flexibilidade de papéis, os profissionais doulas realizam tarefas, serviços e prestam cuidados práticos e não clínicos durante todo o processo de morrer, morte, pós-morte e luto de pacientes e seus familiares, bem como promovem educação para a morte, levando em consideração as dimensões biopsicossocial e espiritual do cuidado humano. Possíveis barreiras no movimento de doulas da morte incluem a inconsistência nos programas de treinamento existentes e a ausência de um órgão regulamentador para a supervisão da prática e a padronização de honorários. Discussão. O trabalho das doulas da morte concentra-se na presença e atenção plenas, escuta sensível, compassiva e centrada na pessoa em processo de terminalidade, respeitando os seus desejos e horando sua biografia. Conclusão. As doulas de morte podem aumentar os serviços de cuidados de fim de vida existentes, fornecendo serviços de cuidados holísticos e personalizados em todos os cenários da rede de atenção à saúde, contudo, há necessidade de estudos mais rigorosos para explorar a percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre esse papel e investigar resultados clínicos entre pessoas que estão morrendo e suas famílias.
Relationship between Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of the Use of Face Mask with Acne among Health Workers at General Hospitals in Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Rifdayani Dinda , Hidajat Dedianto , Istikharoh Umu
Published: October 2023

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus a global emergency transmitted by droplets. Personal protective equipment (PPE) such as masks can help lower the  viral infection risk. However, prolonged use of PPE can cause skin lesions and aggravate acne. Acne that develops because of the usage of masks is called mask acne (maskne). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health workers regarding the use of face masks can help minimize the occurrence of maskne. This study aimed to assess the relationship between knowledge, attitude ,and practices of the use of face masks with  mask acne among health workers in general hospitals in Mataram City, Indonesia.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analytic observational study involving health workers from type b and c general hospitals in the city of Mataram, specifically the West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Hospital and the Mataram University Hospital. Primary data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and practice of using masks, then analyzed using Lambda test.Results: In total, 104 respondents were included, of whom 39.4% (n=41) had good knowledge, 35.6% (n=37) had a good attitude towards the use of masks, and 25.0% (n=26) had good practice. Interestingly, 42.3% (n=44) had experienced maskne. Lambda test showed that a relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practices towards the usage of masks and the incidence of maskne (p = 0.014; p = 0.000; p = 0.006).Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practice of health workers regarding the usage of masks with the prevalence of mask acne at the general hospitals type b and c in the Mataram City. This study implies  is that health workers can prevent the occurrence of mask acne, which can make the work of health workers more difficult.
Nursing theories in the care of stroke patients: a scoping review
Authors: Lima Josefa Nayara de , Lima Layane Ribeiro , Cavalcante Edilma Gomes Rocha , Quirino Glauberto da Silva , Pinheiro Woneska Rodrigues
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map and synthesize nursing theories and conceptual frameworks that have been applied in the practice of nursing care for stroke patients in hospital settings. Methods: a scoping review was conducted in October 2022 using the MEDLINE (accessed via PubMed), CINAHL, Scielo, and Web of Science databases, following The Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Results: nine studies incorporated six nursing theories and three conceptual frameworks, which were employed to enhance stroke patient care. The objective of these theories and conceptual frameworks was to facilitate the identification of the patient’s psychobiological, psychosocial, and psychospiritual needs, elucidate the nurse’s role and expand their perspective on rehabilitation, and acknowledge the survivor’s process of transition. Final Considerations: this mapping exercise identified major nursing theories, middle-range theories, and conceptual frameworks applied to the care of stroke patients.
Qualidade da assistência à saúde na Atenção Primária: perspectiva de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Palasson Rosilene Rocha , Paz Elisabete Pimenta Araújo , Marinho Gerson Luiz , Pinto Luiz Felipe da Silva , Teston Elen Ferraz , Gomes Margareth de Almeida , Souza Maria Helena do Nascimento , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar como pessoas com diabetes avaliam a assistência ofertada pelas equipes da Atenção Primária. Métodos: estudo seccional, realizado a partir de entrevistas estruturadas com aplicação do instrumento Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness a pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus 2. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados: participaram do estudo 451 indivíduos, sendo mais da metade com 60 anos ou mais (64,0%); 63,9% tinham diagnóstico há mais de cinco anos; e 23,9% faziam uso de insulina. O escore médio obtido foi de 2,5, o que indicou pouco envolvimento no autocuidado e baixo suporte ao cuidado da condição crônica por parte da equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família, e foi maior entre as mulheres e pessoas com companheiro(a). Conclusões: as pessoas com diabetes consideram que não recebem tratamento individualizado, com diálogo e discussão para o estabelecimento de metas, e que não são preparados para a autogestão da condição de saúde.
The effect of foot reflexology on fatigue in hemodialysis patients: a meta-analysis study
Authors: Şahan Seda , Güler Sevil
Published: October 2023

Objective: this meta-analysis study analyzed the effect of foot reflexology on fatigue in hemodialysis patients by combining the results of independent studies on this subject. Method: meta-analysis study. A literature search was conducted in seven databases. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v3 was used for meta-analysis. Results: eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. The result of the meta-analysis standardized mean difference = 1.580 (95% Confidence Interval = 1.075 – 2.085 p = 0.000). The result of the subgroup analysis performed based on the number of foot reflexology sessions standardized mean difference = 1,478 (95% Confidence Interval = 1,210 – 1,747, p = 0.000). Conclusion: it was concluded that foot reflexology can be used to reduce fatigue in hemodialysis patients. No information was provided in the investigated studies about the possible side effects and negative effects of foot reflexology.
Assessment of the impact of feeding technology of black-and-white breed heifers on growth and development indicators during the dairy period
Authors: Papusha N. , Smailova M. , Bermagambetova N. , Kubekova B. , Muratov D.
Published: October 2023

Abstract Proper cultivation of heifers largely determines the optimal manifestation of the genetic productivity of animals. The purpose of this study was to identify the optimal technology for growing black-and-white heifers in the dairy period to realize the genetic potential in the conditions of the northern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, namely the Kostanay region. To conduct experiments on the farm, two groups of heifers of 10 heads each were formed, immediately after their birth. The selected groups differed in feeding technologies: the control group received the diet adopted on the farm, the feeding technology was changed for the experimental group in order to increase the intensity of heifer growth. The live weight and linear body sizes of heifers were monitored monthly. The new technological scheme of cultivation for the experimental group of heifers included the rejection of dairy feed at the age of two months and the use of ViaCorn 4 starter compound feed, as well as the active use of juicy and coarse feeds, unlike the heifers of the control group who were fed dairy feed until the end of the dairy growing period (up to 6 months). The live weight, average daily gain and linear body sizes of heifers of the experimental group significantly exceeded similar indicators of peers of the control group. The superiority in average daily live weight gains over the heifers of the control group averaged 287.6 g over 6 months. The change in the technological scheme of feeding towards the rejection of dairy feeds at 2 months and the addition of a starter, as well as compliance with the technology of milking colostrum in newborn calves in the experimental group contributed to the better development of the axial and peripheral skeleton, chest organs of animals, which will create prerequisites for the formation of highly productive cows of a pronounced dairy type. The concentration of total protein in the blood of the heifers of the experimental groups at 2 months of age was higher than that of the control group peers by an average of 1.89 g/l and at the age of 6 months - by 3.37 g/l, which indicates a higher protein metabolism in the blood of the heifers of the experimental group.
The training of Medical students to health care of LGBTI+ people
Authors: Medeiros Eduardo Silveira , Oliveira Junior João Batista de , Leiria Maikon , Moretti-Pires Rodrigo Otávio , Mello Mônica Machado Cunha e
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Introduction: Brazil national public policy for the comprehensive healthcare of the LGBTi+ population consists of several guidelines and plans that include the training of health professionals. Through actions and strategies, it aims to minimize the effects of gender and sexuality discrimination on this historically marginalized population. Studies were found that show a lack of specific hours for gender and sexuality, a lack of transversality of the LGBTI+ topic and a lack of addressing the socioeconomic, political and racial aspects of LGBTI+ health in the curricula of Faculties of Medicine in Brazil and in the world. Objective: To compare the perception between admittedly LGBTI+ students and heterosexual students regarding the training of medical students on the health of sexual and gender minorities. Methodology: An in-depth qualitative study was carried out through two focus groups: one with LGBTI+ students and the other with non-LGBTI+ students. In addition, a semi-structured questionnaire was also applied. The analysis was made through the analysis of Spink’s Discursive Practices. Result: Current problems were identified: low number of programmatic hours on the topic; lack of transversality; addressing the topic through a pejorative and prejudiced look; association of LGBTI+ people with infectious or psychiatric diseases; lack of addressing socioeconomic, cultural and racial aspects; Primary Care as a space of greater openness to fight against the cisheteronormative hegemony; Conclusion: LGBTI+ health education is still insufficient, as students feel unprepared to address the issue of gender and sexuality, which directly impacts the healthcare of this population. Additionally, further studies on medical education in LGBTI+ health are needed.
Strategies for producing healthier chicken nuggets - a review
Authors: Barros Julliane Carvalho , Trindade Marco Antonio
Published: October 2023

Abstract The aim of this review was to address some alternatives that can be applied to turn chicken nuggets into healthier products. One of the alternatives is to reduce the sodium content in nuggets by replacing sodium chloride with other salts, without affecting their sensory and technological properties, and to balance the consumption of mineral salts in the body. The addition of fibres can improve nutritional and functional properties when incorporated into meat products because they increase water and oil retention capacities. Reformulation of meat products by adding vegetable oils with low saturated and high unsaturated fatty acids contents makes breaded meat products healthier. The oil absorption by foods during frying can be reduced by the use of coating systems that serve as a barrier to protect the product. Therefore, different strategies have been used with the aim of making chicken nuggets healthier, due to the addition of functional compounds, the reduction in the fat content, the improviment in the lipid profile, the reduction of the sodium content in the nuggets and the increasing in the consumption of minerals. It is expected that new studies can be evaluated and applied within the industrial scale that can serve the entire population, even though it is a fried meat product, but that has a reduced sodium content and high functional compounds.
Reflections on Divine Violence: Forum on the Actuality of Benjamin’s ‘Critique of Violence’ at Its Centenary, Part III
Authors: Cruz Melany , Ghoreishi Kaveh , Minelli Sara
Published: October 2023

Abstract Walter Benjamin published his influential essay ‘Critique of Violence’/‘Zur Kritik der Gewalt’ in 1921, and the work has troubled and provoked thinkers across disciplines for over a century now. This Forum gathers a group of scholars in philosophy, political science, international relations and legal studies to reflect on the actuality of Benjamin’s essay for contemporary critical theory. Melany Cruz, Kaveh Ghoreishi and Sara Minelli engage Benjamin on ‘divine violence.’ As Cruz notes, lynching in contemporary Mexico has become a recurrent phenomenon in nota roja outlets. Due to its brutality, perceptions of lynching have been reduced to a form of uncivilised and irrational crime. In opposition to this perspective, Cruz theorises the political dimension of the violence of lynching by drawing from Benjamin and argues that such violence symbolically and affectively dramatises the suspension of ‘mere life’ in which the communities enacting the lynchings are immersed in the current conditions of neoliberal Mexico. In this way, it is possible to claim that lynching, in Benjamin’s terms, constitutes a form of divine violence that has the capacity to reveal and communicate the need to end the fear- and anger-provoking condition of ‘mere life.’ In the second section, Ghoreishi and Minelli propose a reading of ‘divine’ as opposed to ‘mythical violence’ that brings out the radical elements of some contemporary struggles by interpreting some examples of strike which took place in Iranian Kurdistan (Rojhilat) in the last forty years. They understand the revolutionary ‘general strike’ considered by Benjamin as what Jesi has called a ‘suspension of time,’ bringing ‘normal’ economic and social relations to a halt. In this sense, the general strikes in Kurdistan can be said to bring the mythological temporality of oppression to an end. These struggles, in which new forms of collectivity have emerged and been experimented, should, therefore, be seen as anticipations of the ‘divine violence’ that puts an end to ‘mythical violence.’
Language Model-Based Player Goal Recognition in Open World Digital Games
Authors: Kim Yeo Jin , Goslen Alex , Rowe Jonathan , Mott Bradford , Lester James
Published: October 2023

Devising models that reliably recognize player goals is a key challenge in creating player-adaptive games. Player goal recognition is the task of automatically recognizing the intent of a player from a sequence of observed player actions in a game environment. In open-world digital games, players often undertake suboptimal and varied sequences of actions to achieve goals, and the high degree of freedom afforded to players makes it challenging to identify sequential patterns that lead toward specific goals. To address these issues, we present a player goal recognition framework that utilizes a fine-tuned T5 language model, which incorporates our novel attention mechanism called Temporal Contrary Attention (TCA). The T5 language model enables the framework to exploit correlations between observations through non-sequential self-attention within input sequences, while TCA enables the framework to learn to eliminate goal hypotheses by considering counterevidence within a temporal window. We evaluate our approach using game trace data collected from 144 players' interactions with an open-world educational game. Specifically, we investigate the predictive capacity of our approach to recognize player goals as well as player plans represented as abstract actions. Results show that our approach outperforms non-linguistic machine learning approaches as well as T5 without TCA. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design and development of player goal recognition models to create player-adaptive games.
SceneCraft: Automating Interactive Narrative Scene Generation in Digital Games with Large Language Models
Authors: Kumaran Vikram , Rowe Jonathan , Mott Bradford , Lester James
Published: October 2023

Creating engaging interactive story-based experiences dynamically responding to individual player choices poses significant challenges for narrative-centered games. Recent advances in pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize procedural content generation for narrative-centered games. Historically, interactive narrative generation has specified pivotal events in the storyline, often utilizing planning-based approaches toward achieving narrative coherence and maintaining the story arc. However, manual authorship is typically used to create detail and variety in non-player character (NPC) interaction to specify and instantiate plot events. This paper proposes SCENECRAFT, a narrative scene generation framework that automates NPC interaction crucial to unfolding plot events. SCENECRAFT interprets natural language instructions about scene objectives, NPC traits, location, and narrative variations. It then employs large language models to generate game scenes aligned with authorial intent. It generates branching conversation paths that adapt to player choices while adhering to the author’s interaction goals. LLMs generate interaction scripts, semantically extract character emotions and gestures to align with the script, and convert dialogues into a game scripting language. The generated script can then be played utilizing an existing narrative-centered game framework. Through empirical evaluation using automated and human assessments, we demonstrate SCENECRAFT’s effectiveness in creating narrative experiences based on creativity, adaptability, and alignment with intended author instructions.
The Five-Dollar Model: Generating Game Maps and Sprites from Sentence Embeddings
Authors: Merino Timothy , Negri Roman , Rajesh Dipika , Charity M , Togelius Julian
Published: October 2023

The five-dollar model is a lightweight text-to-image generative architecture that generates low dimensional images or tile maps from an encoded text prompt. This model can successfully generate accurate and aesthetically pleasing content in low dimensional domains, with limited amounts of training data. Despite the small size of both the model and datasets, the generated images or maps are still able to maintain the encoded semantic meaning of the textual prompt. We apply this model to three small datasets: pixel art video game maps, video game sprite images, and down-scaled emoji images and apply novel augmentation strategies to improve the performance of our model on these limited datasets. We evaluate our models' performance using cosine similarity score between text-image pairs generated by the CLIP VIT-B/32 model to demonstrate quality generation.
Modeling Morality-Based Argumentation for Believable Game Characters: A Design Postmortem
Authors: AlJammaz Rehaf , Mateas Michael , Wardrip-Fruin Noah
Published: October 2023

An ability to morally reason is crucial to the believability of
many fictional characters, from Jane Austen’s heroines to the
denizens of The Good Place. These works often foreground
the complexity of moral questions and the circumstances un-
der which different forms of behavior might be justified.
Morality is also foregrounded in many games, from Black and
White to Mass Effect 3. Yet, most in-game characters judge
other characters (or the player) based on a single reputation
scale or binary values of right and wrong. There has been
little exploration in games of the relationship between char-
acter values and beliefs and moral reasoning. In keeping with
this year’s conference theme, “Oh the Humanity,” this design
postmortem paper describes the design and development of
Argument Box, a model of moral argumentation and reason-
ing based on Lakoff’s metaphor theory of moral politics. We
describe our design approach, iterations, and authoring con-
cerns — covering what went right and wrong in our attempts
to model morality-based argumentation for believable game
characters.
Learning of Generalizable and Interpretable Knowledge in Grid-Based Reinforcement Learning Environments
Authors: Eberhardinger Manuel , Maucher Johannes , Maghsudi Setareh
Published: October 2023

Understanding the interactions of agents trained with deep reinforcement learning is crucial for deploying agents in games or the real world. In the former, unreasonable actions confuse players. In the latter, that effect is even more significant, as unexpected behavior cause accidents with potentially grave and long-lasting consequences for the involved individuals.
In this work, we propose using program synthesis to imitate reinforcement learning policies after seeing a trajectory of the action sequence. Programs have the advantage that they are inherently interpretable and verifiable for correctness. We adapt the state-of-the-art program synthesis system DreamCoder for learning concepts in grid-based environments, specifically, a navigation task and two miniature versions of Atari games, Space Invaders and Asterix. By inspecting the generated libraries, we can make inferences about the concepts the black-box agent has learned and better understand the agent's behavior. We achieve the same by visualizing the agent's decision-making process for the imitated sequences. We evaluate our approach with different types of program synthesizers based on a search-only method, a neural-guided search, and a language model fine-tuned on code.
Probabilistic Logic Programming Semantics For Procedural Content Generation
Authors: Madkour Abdelrahman , Martens Chris , Holtzen Steven , Harteveld Casper , Marsella Stacy
Published: October 2023

Research in procedural content generation (PCG) has recently heralded two major methodologies: machine learning (PCGML) and declarative programming. The former shows promise by automating the specification of quality criteria through latent patterns in data, while the latter offers significant advantages for authorial control. In this paper we propose the use of probabilistic logic as a unifying framework that combines the benefits of both methodologies. We propose a Bayesian formalization of content generators as probability distributions and show how common PCG tasks map naturally to operations on the distribution. Further, through a series of experiments with maze generation, we demonstrate how probabilistic logic semantics allows us to leverage the authorial control of declarative programming and the flexibility of learning from data.
CALYPSO: LLMs as Dungeon Master's Assistants
Authors: Zhu Andrew , Martin Lara , Head Andrew , Callison-Burch Chris
Published: October 2023

The role of a Dungeon Master, or DM, in the game Dungeons & Dragons is to perform multiple tasks simultaneously. The DM must digest information about the game setting and monsters, synthesize scenes to present to other players, and respond to the players' interactions with the scene. Doing all of these tasks while maintaining consistency within the narrative and story world is no small feat of human cognition, making the task tiring and unapproachable to new players. Large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3 and ChatGPT have shown remarkable abilities to generate coherent natural language text. In this paper, we conduct a formative evaluation with DMs to establish the use cases of LLMs in D&D and tabletop gaming generally. We introduce CALYPSO, a system of LLM-powered interfaces that support DMs with information and inspiration specific to their own scenario. CALYPSO distills game context into bite-sized prose and helps brainstorm ideas without distracting the DM from the game. When given access to CALYPSO, DMs reported that it generated high-fidelity text suitable for direct presentation to players, and low-fidelity ideas that the DM could develop further while maintaining their creative agency. We see CALYPSO as exemplifying a paradigm of AI-augmented tools that provide synchronous creative assistance within established game worlds, and tabletop gaming more broadly.
Language as Reality: A Co-Creative Storytelling Game Experience in 1001 Nights Using Generative AI
Authors: Sun Yuqian , Li Zhouyi , Fang Ke , Lee Chang Hee , Asadipour Ali
Published: October 2023

Generative AI (GenAI), encompassing image generation and large language models (LLMs), has opened new avenues for gameplay experiences. This paper introduces "1001 Nights", a narrative game centered on GenAI. Drawing inspiration from Wittgenstein's note, "The limits of my language mean the limits of my world", the game exemplifies the concept of language as reality. The protagonist, Shahrzad, possesses a unique power: specific keywords, such as "sword" or "shield", when spoken by others in tales, materialize as tangible weapons, serving as battle equipment against the King. Players guide the LLM-driven King in co-creating narratives, with GPT-4 employing LLM reasoning methods to ensure story consistency. As these narratives progress, the depicted world is dynamically generated and visualized through Stable Diffusion, blurring the boundaries between narrative and in-game reality. This fusion of interactive storytelling combines gameplay paradigms and story together with dynamic content generation. Players not only aim to alter Shahrzad's fate from the original folklore, but also leverage the power of natural language to shape the game's world. With this example, we propose the term "AI-Native games" to categorize innovative games where GenAI is fundamental to the game's novel mechanics and very existence.
Antiviral Activity of Some Compounds of Gasteroid Mushrooms from Western Siberia
Authors: Makarevich Elena V. , Teplyakova Tamara V. , Mazurkov Oleg Yu. , Filippova Ekaterina I. , Mazurkova Natalia A.
Published: October 2023

The antiviral activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts from the fruiting bodies of gasteroid Basidiomy-cetes of Western Siberia: Lycoperdon pyriforme, Lycoperdon perlatum, and Phallus impudicus, as well as an aqueous extract from cultivated mycelium of P. impudicus and total polysaccharides from it, on MDCK cell culture against influenza A virus, was studied. Aqueous and ethanol extracts from the fruiting bodies of all studied gasteroid fungi showed antiviral activity against human influenza virus A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and bird A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 virus (H5N1). At the same time, extracts from P. impudicus and L. pyriforme showed more pronouncing antiviral activity compared to the activity of the reference drug Tamiflu against the A/H5N1 avian influenza virus. A high antiviral efficacy of an aqueous extract from cultivated mycelium of the P. impudicus and a sample of total polysaccharides from this extract against the A/H5N1 avian influenza virus was revealed.
Evaluating the efficiency of water development–utilisation–treatment system: a DEA-BPNN model
Authors: Yan Shiyu , Yao Liming , Hu Zhineng
Published: October 2023

With rapid economic growth and urbanisation, water shortage and water pollution are becoming more and more serious. It is very important for decision makers to understand the efficiency of the water system and know its development trend. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a robust tool for assessing efficiency. However, the DEA model lacks predictive capabilities, and cannot give guidance on future development. In contrast, a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) offers powerful non-linear mapping and adaptive prediction capabilities. To compensate for the deficiencies of the DEA model, a three-stage DEA-BPNN model is developed based on environmental compatibility and economic development. This model enables specific efficiency measurements, identifies system weaknesses and anticipates future trends. Then, the proposed model is applied to a ‘one belt and one road’ region, comparing its predictive performance with that of linear regression, a generalised additive model, support vector machines, k-nearest neighbours, random forest and gradient boost decision trees. Results reveal that following determination by several prediction models, the BPNN model obtains the more accurate prediction results.