bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contamination by Listeria monocytogenes in Latin American Meat
Products and its Consequences
Authors: Evangelista Alberto Gonçalves , Gengnagel Natana
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective:

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most important bacteria
in food technology, causing listeriosis, a disease with high mortality rates, especially in developing
countries. Thus, the objective of this review was to gather recent work on the presence
of L. monocytogenes in meat and meat products in Latin America, in addition to pointing out
control methods and resistance genes that can be disseminated.

Methods:

Original research articles in Portuguese, Spanish and English published since 2017
were selected, reporting the presence of L. monocytogenes in meat and meat products in Latin
American countries. Articles were also reviewed on innovative methods for controlling the bacteria
in food, such as intelligent packaging and the use of essential oils, and on resistance genes
found in L. monocytogenes, pointing out the possible implications of this occurrence.

Results and conclusion:

Some negligence was observed in determining the prevalence of this
bacterium in several countries in Latin America. Although studies on L. monocytogenes have
been found in milk and dairy products, demonstrating the existence of the necessary structure
and knowledge for research development, studies on meat and meat products have not been
found in most countries. In control methods developed against L. monocytogenes, the versatility
of the approaches used stands out, enabling their use in different types of meat products, according
to their technological characteristics. Several resistance genes have been determined to be
possibly disseminated by L. monocytogenes, which adds more importance to the establishment of
methods for its control.
Insights into Chronic Lithium Toxicity - A Case Report
Authors: Varghese Giphy Susan , Rajachandran Karthikkeyan , Murugesan Indhupriyadharshini
Published: April 2022

Background:

Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychological disorder, and lithium remains
the mainstay of therapy. Lithium toxicity can be acute or chronic and the effects may be disabling
or life-threatening. The presence of risk factors can increase the chances of lithium toxicity in a patient
on long-term lithium therapy. We hereby report a case of chronic lithium toxicity in a patient
with a known case of bipolar disorder.

Case Presentation:

A 44-year-old female patient with a known case of bipolar disorder presented
with altered sensorium, seizures, and renal insufficiency. On admission, the patient was severely
dehydrated and the serum lithium level was 3.43 mEq/L. Hemodialysis was performed and she improved
gradually.

Conclusion:

Lithium has constantly proven to be beneficial in lowering suicide rates in bipolar
disorder patients over the years since its approval. However, its use is limited due to the risk of
toxicity. The chances of developing toxicity are higher in patients on long-term lithium therapy.
Patients with high risk factors for toxicity should be monitored frequently as the effects of lithium
toxicity can be fatal.
New Frontier in Antiviral Drugs for Disorders of the Respiratory
System
Authors: Zhang Hai-Long , Li Yong-Xia , Zhou Ai-Feng , Li Yiqian
Published: April 2022

Background:

COVID-19 is still soaring, and the new delta COVID-19 variant is
on the rise and spreading around the world.

Objective:

We conducted a patent analysis to better understand the therapeutic strategy developed
for antivirals available for the disorders of the respiratory system.

Materials and Method:

European granted patents filed from January 2002 to June 2021
were analyzed. We used a combination of International patent classification (IPC)
“A61p31/12” and “A61p11/00” to search the relevant documents.

Results:

Our study showed R&D of antiviral drugs for disorders of the respiratory system to
be decreasing over the past 20 years. Chemical drugs showed various chemical structures.
The development of chemical drugs or herbal medicines appeared to commence earlier than
the biological products. Also, the results indicated that large global companies play a leading
role in developing kinase inhibitors as chemical drugs.

Conclusion:

There are three strategies for developing antiviral drugs for the disorders of the
respiratory system, including chemical drugs, herbal medicines or natural products, and biological
products. Herbal medicines may provide a new insight and approach to developing
antiviral drugs for disorders of the respiratory system. A combination of chemical drugs and
natural products may be a promising therapeutic method for treating patients with COVID-
19.
In Vitro Florigenesis with Special Reference to Orchids- A Review
Authors: Kaur Saranjeet
Published: April 2022

Background:

Orchids are widely used in floriculture as attractive cut flowers all
over the world. The current paper reviews factors affecting the in vitro flowering in orchid
species.

Method:

The phenomenon of in vitro flowering is advantageous as it shortens the breeding
cycle, which is prolonged in the in vivo grown orchid species of commercial value.
Certain genetic and biochemical mechanisms are involved at the time of onset of flowering
in orchid plants. In the present endeavour, efforts have been made to initiate in vitro flowering
in terrestrial and epiphytic orchid species. Various phenomenon involved during transition
of vegetative shoot apex into floral axis is also reviewed.

Results:

In vitro flowering was induced in Dendrobium nobile and Zeuxine strateumatica
in Mitra medium supplemented with BAP at 0.5 in mgl-1.

Conclusion:

In vitro flowering can be initiated by manipulating physical and chemical
stimulus in the nutrient regime. The study would be helpful in better understanding the
complex process of flowering in vitro as well as ex vitro.
A Comprehensive Review on Nanotechnological Approaches for Enhanced Delivery of Nutraceuticals in the Management of Osteoporosis
Authors: Kumar Bhumika , Singh Nisha , Dey Shatabdi , Sahoo Pravat Kumar
Published: April 2022

Osteoporosis is a chronic, progressive bone condition that is most prevalent in postmen-opausal women and the elderly population. An imbalance in the natural bone remodeling process, which is involved in the formation of bone and resorption, is responsible for osteoporosis, leading to bone fragility. It shows no clinical manifestation until a fracture takes place. Osteoporosis is a glob-al epidemic that reduces the quality of life, increases the chances of disabilities, and adds on a huge financial load. Early diagnosis and treatment can help in preventing the disease. Several drug regi-mens are used in treating the condition; however, the drugs are accompanied by several adverse ef-fects. Nutraceuticals, like herbs, minerals, vitamins, and dairy products, support skeletal strength and integrity. Therefore, the use of different types of nutraceuticals can improve overall bone strength and provide improved treatment of osteoporosis. The review paper focuses on providing in-depth knowledge about the various nutraceuticals that are used in the management of osteoporosis along with the novel nanotechnology-based delivery approaches for enhanced delivery of nutraceu-ticals as the advent of nanotechnology in pharmaceuticals have opened new avenues in the chal-lenging arena of nutraceuticals for providing benefits like stability, higher efficiency, solubility, en-hanced bioavailability, permeability, and production without additives.
The Prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety
Disorder among Iranian Adolescents and their Association with
Video Gaming and Internet Use
Authors: Heidari Fariba , Norouzi Sanaz , Kazemi-Shishvan Maryam Alsadat , Rezaei Hamid
Published: April 2022

Background:

Depression and anxiety are among the most common
psychological disorders in adolescents. Studies have suggested a positive correlation
between mental health problems and using the internet.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the burden of anxiety and major depressive
disorder (MDD) and their association with internet use and video gaming in
adolescents.

Methods:

This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents
aged 13 to 18 years referred to the 33-Laleh health center at West Tabriz from March
to September 2019. The short form Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-SF) and Screen
for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) scales were used. The data for
demographic characteristics and the number of hours of internet use and video
gaming per day were collected. The logistic regression test was applied.

Result:

In this study, 150 adolescents were included with a male to female ratio of
1:1. Anxiety and mild, moderate, and severe depressive disorder were detected in 39
(26%), 16 (10.7%), 20 (13.3%), and 6 (4.0%) cases by screening tools, respectively.
The mean age (SD) of participants was 14.8 (1.54) years. The mean duration (SD) of
internet use and video gaming per day was 2.10 (±2.6) and 1.15 (± 1.7) hours,
respectively. The odds of severe depressive symptoms increased by 42% per hour of
video gaming (p=0.003) and 31% per hour of internet use (p=0.016).

Conclusions:

Considering the significant positive association between depressive
symptoms and video gaming and internet use, there is a necessity to call for actions to
plan and implement psychological screening and subsequent supporting and
treatment policies for those in need.
An In silico Study of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Derivatives with Homology
Modelled F1F0 ATP Synthase Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Authors: Jain Surabhi , Sharma Smriti , Sen Dhrubo Jyoti
Published: April 2022

Aim:

To ascertain the binding manner and drug-likeliness profile of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as antitubercular agents on ATP synthase protein.

Background:

: Field-based 3D-QSAR, Homology modelling, Molecular Docking and ADME-T studies have been carried out to determine the binding mode and drug likeliness profile of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives as anti-tubercular agents.

Objective:

To design new anti-tubercular agents using Field- based 3D-QSAR and molecular docking approach.

Methods:

A statistically significant 3D-QSAR model was generated with the dataset of 30 active agonists on ATP synthase whose pIC50 values range from 4.0 µM to 8.30 µM. The same dataset was analysed for ADME-T properties and docked to the homology modeled ATP synthase protein. Moreover, information from 3D-QSAR contour maps was used in designing of new molecules.

Results:

The constructed 3D-QSAR model had a high correlation coefficient (R2=0.9688) and cross-validation coefficient (Q2=0.9045) and F value (176) at 3 component PLS factor. The homology modeled protein ‘ac9’ was validated with various parameters like Ramachandran plot (92.5 %), ERRAT plot (98.43 %), and ProSA (-1.78 chain ‘C’; -2.74 chain ‘A’). The protein was also examined for physico-chemical properties which showed the acidic and hydrophobic nature of protein. The docking score of dataset compound no. PF19 (-9.97 Kcal/mol) was found to be almost similar with that of Bedaquiline (-10.08 Kcal/mol). Based on previous results from 3D-QSAR and Docking, four new molecules was designed. The newly designed molecules (M1-M4) were docked amongst them M3 (-9.82 Kcal/mol) scored the highest. They were further analysed for drug-likeliness, ADME-T and synthetic assesbility. The findings suggested that these compounds had a strong possibility to become ATP-synthase inhibitors.

Conclusion:

The various Insilico approaches used in the present study offer new avenues for designing novel molecules against ATP synthase from M. tuberculosis and can be employed for the drug discovery programme.
Microwave-assisted Synthetic Scheme of Novel Schiff Base Congeners of
Pyrimidine Nuclei by Using Water as Solvent: A Green Approach to Synthesis
Authors: Kumar Dileep , Karati Dipanjan , Mahadik Kakasaheb Ramoo
Published: April 2022

Aim:

The research work aims to develop a sustainable microwave-assisted scheme for the
synthesis of 4-(benzylidene amino)-6-phenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile congeners.

Background:

4-(benzylidene amino)-6-phenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile scaffolds are novel molecules
having various pharmacological activities, such as neurodegenerative, antimicrobial, and anticancer.
Schiff base congeners are considered efficient pharmacophores for research. These activities are due to
the presence of azomethine (CH=N) group in the Schiff base compounds.

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to synthesise different novel Schiff base scaffolds of pyrimidine
nuclei by green chemistry in good yield.

Methods:

The 4-(benzylidene amino)-6-phenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile scaffolds were prepared by
two-step reactions. Both steps were microwave-assisted. The first step was to synthesize 4-amino-6-
phenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile as an intermediate compound. This compound was synthesized by
using benzaldehyde, malononitrile and formamidine hydrochloride. The reaction conditions are as
follows: temperature- 101°C, pressure- 300W, time- 50min.
The final Schiff base congeners were obtained by reacting them with various aromatic aldehydes in the
second step. The yield, reaction condition, and time consumption were all very acceptable for the green
synthetic methods rather than the conventional schemes.

Results:

Microwave-assisted method was more efficient. The reactions were less time-consuming, and
the overall yield of the all-synthesized compounds was in the range of 72-81%. The synthesized congeners
were characterized by different spectroscopic methods. The main functional group, azomethine,
was considered by the IR peak at 1611 cm-1 wavelength.

Conclusions:

This microwave-assisted synthetic method thus emerges as more eco-friendly due to a
much-reduced usage of organic solvents, leading to less harmful residues. Using this scheme, we synthesized
different Schiff base congeners with satisfactory chemical yields.
HUBUNGAN IMT DENGAN KARIES GIGI PADA SISWA KELAS 5 SD DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Widodorini Trining , Linggam Puspaningtyas Kristina
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Karies gigi merupakan sebuah penyakit pada gigi akibat interaksi berbagai faktor, salah satunya adalah makanan dan minuman manis. Meningkatnya asupan makanan dan minuman manis, tidak hanya meningkatkan risiko terjadinya karies, tetapi juga dapat meningkatkan berat badan dan kemudian dapat meningkatkan status gizi seseorang. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh dengan karies gigi pada siswa kelas 5 Sekolah Dasar (SD) di Kota Malang. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa kelas 5 SDN Purwantoro 2 dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 50 siswa kelas 5 SD. Karies gigi diukur menggunakan indeks DMF-T pada gigi permanen dan def-t pada gigi sulung. Status gizi diukur menggunakan indeks massa tubuh menurut umur (IMT/U). Digunakan pula kuesioner mengenai frekuensi asupan makanan dan minuman manis. Hasil: Sebagian besar hasil IMT/U subjek adalah normal (60%), DMF-T sangat rendah (54%), def-t sangat rendah (51,42%), dan frekuensi asupan makanan dan minuman manis adalah sedang (52%). Hasil analisis data menggunakan Uji Korelasi Rank Spearman untuk mengetahui hubungan antara IMT/U dengan DMF-T adalah p=0,999 r=0,000239 dan IMT/U dengan def-t adalah p=0,117 r=(-) 0,270. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara IMT dengan karies gigi sulung maupun gigi permanen.
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) SEBAGAI INHIBITOR LAJU KOROSI KAWAT STAINLESS STEEL PERANTI ORTODONTI LEPASAN
Authors: Damaryanti Endah , Diba Erstyawati Azzahra
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Peranti ortodonti lepasan ditujukan untuk memperbaiki maloklusi ringan. Kawat stainless steel merupakan komponen yang berpotensi mengalami korosi dan berefek negatif bagi kawat serta tubuh manusia. Kulit buah kakao mengandung senyawa antioksidan tanin dan menjadi limbah perkebunan sehingga dimanfaatkan menjadi bahan inhibitor organik korosi pada kawat ortodonti stainless steel. Tujuan: Membuktikan efektivitas ekstrak kulit buah kakao sebagai inhibitor laju korosi kawat ortodonti stainless steel. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan kawat ortodonti stainless steel merk Dentaurum remanium jenis round, spring hard, 0,7 mm/28 dipreparasi panjangnya 6 cm, ditimbang massa awal dan akhir menggunakan neraca analitik. Terdapat 4 kelompok kawat yang direndam 30 menit: K (saliva buatan), dan P dalam saliva buatan dengan ekstrak konsentrasi 600 ppm (P1), 800 ppm (P2) dan 1000 ppm (P3). Proses korosi menggunakan reaksi redoks dan penghitungan laju korosi menggunakan rumus metode weight loss. Hasil: Uji One Way ANOVA menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara laju korosi pada keempat kelompok (p<0,05). Uji Post Hoc Tukey HSD menunjukkan besar nilai perbedaan mean yang signifikan dalam mengurangi laju korosi antara kelompok kontrol dengan P1, P2 dan P3 serta antara PI dengan P2 dan P3 (p<0,05), dan didapatkan perbedaan mean terbesar pada P3. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak kulit buah kakao efektif sebagai inhibitor laju korosi kawat stainless steel pada peranti ortodonti lepasan. Semakin besar konsentrasi inhibitor yang digunakan maka laju korosi akan semakin berkurang dan efektivitas inhibitor semakin meningkat.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN (ANXIETY) DOKTER GIGI DENGAN KESIAPAN PRAKTIK KEMBALI DI MASA TRANSISI PANDEMI COVID 19 di INDONESIA (STUDI PENDAHULUAN)
Authors: balbeid merlya , Lely Rachmawati Yuanita , Mahardika Ningrum Hamida , Anestya Wibowo Marchella
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi Maret 2020 membuat dokter gigi membatasi atau bahkan tidak melakukan kegiatan pelayanannya. Mewaspadai hal ini, PBPDGI mengeluarkan surat edaran nomor : 2776/PB PDGI/III-3/2020 tentang Pedoman Pelayanan Kedokteran Gigi Selama Pandemi Covid-19. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan tingkat kecemasan dokter gigi dengan kesiapan praktik serta dalam menjalankan praktik di masa transisi Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Metode: Cross-sectional, purposive sampling, dan instrumen penelitian menggunakan Google Forms yang disebarkan melalui media sosial Whatsapp. Variabel bebas = kecemasan dokter gigi, variabel terikat = kesiapan dokter gigi untuk praktik kembali (tangible dan intangible). Hasil uji validitas dan reliabilitas 25 dokter gigi di Malang didapatkan data kesiapan sarana prasarana dokter gigi dalam menghadapi adaptasi kebiasaan baru. Hasil penelitian: Hasil kesiapan tangible 64,28% APD level 3, sirkulasi exhaust 50%, intraoral kanula suction 42,85%, extraoral suction 35,71%, respirator 21,42%, sedangkan kesiapan ruangan bertekanan negatif dan hepa filter 14%. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan dengan kesiapan praktik dokter gigi di masa transisi pandemi Covid-19, baik dari sisi tangible maupun intangible.
MONITORING MAJOR CITY URBAN EXPANSION IN KUALA LUMPUR AND PENANG CITY CENTRE
Authors: Yin Izuandi , Mou Leong Tan , Abang Mahmud Dayang Shahrizat , S. Muthuveeran Adam Aruldewan , Hassan Mohd Azren , Yi Lin Tew
Published: April 2022

Malaysia is currently undergoing heterogeneous land-use allocation and conversion in the city centre, resulting in leapfrog urban expansion to the suburban areas. Identification of the growth pattern from land-use conversion and urban growth has defined the limits of development, which could be a feasible way to alleviate the severity of these challenges. The research aims at the expansion factor for the built-up pattern of Kuala Lumpur (KL) and Penang City Centres. The objective of this research is to create a model on the new knowledge of urban built-up patterns generated from Landsat image data and comparison with built-up area from the change in land use, limitation of plot ratio, and floor space. The assessment of land-use changes is crucial in deciding the outcome for future development while considering the completion of committed development. This mechanism will help in the analysis of the data gathered using a remote sensing approach, which involves identifying the built-up area in KL City Centre using satellite images and examining the impact of land use patterns and varied plot ratios. In detail, the focus is directed towards a factor that influences the change of built-up area and development force. This will provide knowledge of Landsat images for the built-up area in urban expansion and the built-up limitations allocated by the local authority.
TORNADO FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT COST ANALYSIS FOR GREEN PROJECT IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Muhamad Halil Faridah , Hasim Mohamad Sufian , Kamaruddin Siti Mazuen , Mat Nasir Nasyairi , Ismail Hafiszah
Published: April 2022

In Malaysia, green building has currently become significant as sustainable development. Most of the established developers have incorporated sustainable development in green building projects. Due to the passive evolutionary effects of real estate on the environment and human health, the development and promotion of green buildings for a sustainable environment have become a market trend to attract buyers in this country. Thereby, the qualitative approach methodology is adopted in this study, where a case study has been selected to observe the significant risk impact on the development cost. An in-depth analysis was carried out using a feasibility study, and a discounted cash flow was performed. The simulation runs using tornado analysis to detect the most significant risk affected by development cost. The results indicate that the building cost, mechanical and electrical works, and piling works are the highest risk in developing a green building. Therefore, the client should take extra precautions in green development to monitor the affected cost to minimise project delay and achieve the project objectives. A tornado analysis makes decisionmaking more explicit by the client. It enables the decision-maker to analyse the risk contributing to the development cost and make more effective decisions.
Diagnóstico turístico en la parroquia Timbara, cantón Zamora, Provincia Zamora Chinchipe (Ecuador)
Authors: León Rodrigo , Chamba Salazar Vicente , León León Lourdes
Published: April 2022

Diagnosticar turísticamente es una herramienta fundamental de planificación para una localidad bajo diversas metodologías; la presente investigación se realiza en la parroquia Timbara, cantón Zamora, tiene por objetivo el diagnosticar la situación turística de esta parroquia como parte del convenio entre el Instituto Superior Tecnológico Juan Montalvo y el GAD Parroquial de Timbara, y nace ante la necesidad de plantear una propuesta para impulsar el desarrollo turístico de esta zona, siendo fundamental ejecutar el diagnóstico turístico. Para lo cual se realizó la caracterización turística, identificación de oferta de atractivos y servicios turísticos, mapeo de actores que confluyen en la localidad, para finalmente con la matriz FODA plantear estrategias de desarrollo turístico que permitan dinamizar y promocionar la localidad. Se utilizó métodos cualitativos que permitieron recolectar información en salidas de campo, revisión de literatura, talleres participativos, que permitió conocer la realidad local en los ámbitos sociocultural, económico y ambiental; la metodología de inventario turístico del MINTUR permitió diagnosticar los atractivos turísticos. Los principales resultados son la identificación de 8 comunidades, 5 establecimientos de educación primaria (2 bilingües), información socioeconómica, ambiental; 16 atractivos turísticos (8 sitios naturales y 8 manifestaciones culturales); se determinó la presencia de 1 institución de educación superior, 3 instituciones gubernamentales y 4 no gubernamental. Finalmente, 4 lineamientos estratégicos determinó la investigación, orientados a: levantamiento de información, diseño de ruta-señalética turística, y diseño de una página web; cuya aplicación futura permitirá promover el desarrollo turístico para dinamizar la economía local sobre la base del turismo rural en la parroquia.
participación y comportamiento de mercado y la asegurabilidad de la rentabilidad en el sector arrocero ecuatoriano
Authors: Haro Alexander
Published: April 2022

las problemáticas que persisten en el sector arrocero han provocado que exista una desestabilización económica y social para dichos comensales, por lo cual, han recurrido a paralizaciones en busca de ayuda, aunque el COVID-19 no ha tenido un impacto significativo al ser un sector prioritario productor de alimentos de primera necesidad, presenta percances que inhiben el desarrollo; el objetivo de la investigación se subdivide en dos etapas, la primera busca analizar el mercado y los precios históricos mediante quiebres estructurales, el segundo apartado pretende indagar si la participación de mercado coadyuva en la generación de rentabilidad económica con respecto al activo y al capital; las metodologías a usar dependerá de la categoría series temporales y datos de panel; los resultados permitieron observar que los precios del arroz en sus diferentes formas han tenido una caída significativa durante largos periodos de tiempo y una mínima recuperación que fue aplacada por otra caída, los quiebres estructurales tienen presencia en el periodo 2016 al 2018 y dicho efecto negativo continúa presente hasta la actualidad, por otra parte, la participación de mercado influye en cierta proporción a la generación de valor económico, asimismo fomenta una solidez financiera que les permite permanecer en el tiempo.
educación y su incidencia en los emprendedores del Ecuador
Authors: Macas Acosta Guido , Macas Lituma Génesis
Published: April 2022

El propósito de este estudio es investigar los principales determinantes de los ingresos de los emprendedores en Ecuador en el 2020. Empleamos un enfoque de regresión por partes donde se seleccionó como nudo los 12 años de educación para investigar los efectos que se generan no haber cumplido los primeros 12 años básico de educación y los que cursaron más años. Los datos provienen de la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo, Desempleo y Subempleo (Enemdu), que elabora el INEC, y se han utilizado los ingresos, edad, sexo, actividad económica y nivel de educación en todo el país. Los resultados del análisis muestran que para aquellos que no han terminado la primaria y secundaria, sus ingresos suben 13 dólares o el 6,6% por cada año de educación; y para aquellos que tienen más de 12 años se incrementan 23 dólares o 3%, resultados que son altamente significativa. También, se encontró que, si bien la el comercio, industria, transporte, agricultura y los sectores de comida, muestran una preferencia de emprendimiento, hay pruebas sólidas de que los promedios de ingresos son también diferentes significativamente. Se considera que los problemas de bajos niveles de educación o capacitación son las principales razones de este hallazgo.
pandemia por Covid-19 y su efecto en el clima laboral de la Clínica Nefrodiaz, periodo 2020-2021
Authors: Correa Feijoo Andrea , Llanos Encalada Mónica
Published: April 2022

El presente estudio se desarrolla en la clínica NEFRODIAZ, una organización vinculada al sector de la salud, que se especializa en el tratamiento de pacientes con disfunción renal. La Pandemia por Covid-19 ha provocado la llegada de personas con este patógeno, poniendo en peligro a los médicos y funcionarios que trabajan en ese lugar; provocando situaciones de estrés que incide en la calidad de vida profesional dentro de su entorno y el clima laboral en general. Por tal motivo se plantea el objetivo de analizar los efectos que ha tenido la Pandemia por Covid-19 en el Clima Laboral de la Clínica NEFRODIAZ, durante el periodo 2020-2021. Este proceso se realizó mediante un cuestionario de 35 preguntas que tiene un coeficiente de fiabilidad de 0.805 y dividiendo la información en aspectos relacionados a: seguridad; desarrollo profesional; jornada laboral; medidas protocolarias y empatía. Concluyendo en el planteamiento de estrategias de solución vinculadas a la optimización del protocolo de bioseguridad a través de talleres relacionados con actividades de integración y el mejoramiento de métodos y horarios de trabajo.
Principios andragógicos para el fortalecimiento del componente emocional de los docentes de educación superior
Authors: Correa Reyes María Luisa , Stay Conforme Angelica
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar la propuesta de un sistema de principios andragógicos para la orientación del componente emocional en la educación universitaria. Acredita la necesidad de considerar pautas que permitan una adecuada organización didáctica que ha de ser desplegada permanentemente en el contexto universitario y permitirá fortalecer la preparación del docente, de forma tal, que viva la experiencia de su desarrollo personal en la unidad de su intelecto emocional y lógico racional y que esta combinación de racionalidad emocional favorezca su praxis. Se fundamenta en la investigación documental, la revisión bibliográfica de textos, artículos de revistas y documentos de autores que valoran el componente emocional como factor que incide en el razonamiento lógico y emocional del docente universitario en la actualidad. El comportamiento del docente universitario con relación al estudiante es de suma importancia, de la forma de actuar del profesor dependen las buenas relaciones entre ambos es su deber tratar de comprender a los estudiantes. También la comprensión del estudiante, es fundamental para que se establezcan lazos de fraternidad, amistad y solidaridad mutua y así lograr los objetivos de la educación superior. En este trabajo, sus recomendaciones establecen los principios y las estrategias para fortalecer el constructo emocional.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of an App-Based Meditation Intervention to Decrease Firefighter Psychological Distress and Burnout: A One-Group Pilot Study
Authors: Pace Thaddeus W W , Zeiders Katharine H , Cook Stephanie H , Sarsar Evelyn D , Hoyt Lindsay T , Mirin Nicholas L , Wood Erica P , Tatar Raquel , Davidson Richard J
Published: April 2022

Background

Firefighters are often exposed to occupational stressors that can result in psychological distress (ie, anxiety and depression) and burnout. These occupational stressors have only intensified with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and will likely persist in the postpandemic world.

Objective

To address occupational stressors confronting firefighters, we pilot tested a novel, cost-effective, smartphone app–based meditation intervention created by Healthy Minds Innovations that focused on mindfulness (awareness) training along with practices designed to cultivate positive relationships (connection), insight into the nature of the self (insight), and a sense of purpose in the context of challenge (purpose) with a sample of professional firefighters from a large metropolitan area in southwestern United States.

Methods

A total of 35 participants were recruited from a closed online group listserv and completed the self-guided 10-unit meditation app over the course of 10 days, at 1 unit per day. We assessed anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, burnout, and negative affect as well as saliva diurnal cortisol rhythm, an objective indicator of stress-related biology, before and after use of the meditation app.

Results

This study demonstrated the meditation app was both feasible and acceptable for use by the majority of firefighters. We also found significant reductions in firefighters’ anxiety (P=.01), burnout (P=.05), and negative affect (P=.04), as well as changes in cortisol diurnal rhythm, such as waking cortisol (P=.02), from before to after use of the meditation app.

Conclusions

Our study findings call for future research to demonstrate the efficacy of this meditation app to reduce psychological distress and burnout in firefighters.
Frameworks for Implementation, Uptake, and Use of Cardiometabolic Disease–Related Digital Health Interventions in Ethnic Minority Populations: Scoping Review
Authors: Ramasawmy Mel , Poole Lydia , Thorlu-Bangura Zareen , Chauhan Aneesha , Murali Mayur , Jagpal Parbir , Bijral Mehar , Prashar Jai , G-Medhin Abigail , Murray Elizabeth , Stevenson Fiona , Blandford Ann , Potts Henry W W , Khunti Kamlesh , Hanif Wasim , Gill Paramjit , Sajid Madiha , Patel Kiran , Sood Harpreet , Bhala Neeraj , Modha Shivali , Mistry Manoj , Patel Vinod , Ali Sarah N , Ala Aftab , Banerjee Amitava
Published: April 2022

Background

Digital health interventions have become increasingly common across health care, both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health inequalities, particularly with respect to ethnicity, may not be considered in frameworks that address the implementation of digital health interventions. We considered frameworks to include any models, theories, or taxonomies that describe or predict implementation, uptake, and use of digital health interventions.

Objective

We aimed to assess how health inequalities are addressed in frameworks relevant to the implementation, uptake, and use of digital health interventions; health and ethnic inequalities; and interventions for cardiometabolic disease.

Methods

SCOPUS, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and gray literature were searched to identify papers on frameworks relevant to the implementation, uptake, and use of digital health interventions; ethnically or culturally diverse populations and health inequalities; and interventions for cardiometabolic disease. We assessed the extent to which frameworks address health inequalities, specifically ethnic inequalities; explored how they were addressed; and developed recommendations for good practice.

Results

Of 58 relevant papers, 22 (38%) included frameworks that referred to health inequalities. Inequalities were conceptualized as society-level, system-level, intervention-level, and individual. Only 5 frameworks considered all levels. Three frameworks considered how digital health interventions might interact with or exacerbate existing health inequalities, and 3 considered the process of health technology implementation, uptake, and use and suggested opportunities to improve equity in digital health. When ethnicity was considered, it was often within the broader concepts of social determinants of health. Only 3 frameworks explicitly addressed ethnicity: one focused on culturally tailoring digital health interventions, and 2 were applied to management of cardiometabolic disease.

Conclusions

Existing frameworks evaluate implementation, uptake, and use of digital health interventions, but to consider factors related to ethnicity, it is necessary to look across frameworks. We have developed a visual guide of the key constructs across the 4 potential levels of action for digital health inequalities, which can be used to support future research and inform digital health policies.
Tuberculosis Treatment Compliance Under Smartphone-Based Video-Observed Therapy Versus Community-Based Directly Observed Therapy: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Kumwichar Ponlagrit , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi , Prappre Tagoon
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The health care system in Thailand has struggled to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in decreased administration of community-based directly observed therapy (DOT) for tuberculosis (TB). As an alternative to failed DOT, video-observed therapy (VOT) or the Thai asynchronous VOT system, “TH VOT,” was devised. We developed a protocol for a study to test the superiority of VOT over DOT in ensuring treatment compliance.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to compare the mean cumulative compliance days of TB patients and their observers under the VOT program with that of individuals under the DOT program during the intensive phase of TB treatment.

METHODS

A cluster randomized controlled trial of pulmonary TB patients and their observers will be conducted over a 2-month period. This study will be conducted in the Hat Yai and Meuang Songkhla districts of Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand. A total of 38 observers working at 38 primary care units (PCUs) will be randomized equally into VOT and DOT groups. The TH VOT system will be implemented in 19 PCUs in the VOT group while the other 19 PCUs will continue with the traditional DOT program. Approximately 1-5 TB patients will be under observation, depending on the PCU jurisdiction in which the patients reside. The inclusion criteria for TB patients will be as follows: patients diagnosed with newly active pulmonary TB with a positive acid-fast bacilli sputum smear, aged >18 years, own a smartphone, and are able to use the LINE (Line Corporation) app. The exclusion criteria will be patients with a condition that requires the intervention of a specialist, rifampicin resistance according to a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (GeneXpert MTB/RIF), unable to continue the treatment, and/or alcohol dependence. After the 2-month observation period, all sessions and follow-up clinical outcomes recorded will be retrieved. An intention-to-treat analysis will be performed to assess the compliance of both patients undergoing drug administration and their observers.

RESULTS

The Human Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University approved the trial on February 19, 2021 (approval number 64-03618-9). The trial was funded in May 2021. The recruitment period will be from January 2022 to July 2022. The observation is scheduled to end by September 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

If the VOT shows superiority in observational compliance among patients and observers, the existing DOT policy will be replaced with VOT.

CLINICALTRIAL

Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20210624002; https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20210624002

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/38796
Geodynamic model of the interaction between the continental lithosphere and the active continental margin in East Asia
Authors: Lobkovsky Leopold , Gabsatarov Yu. , Alekseev Dmitry , Vladimirova Irina , Ramazanov M. , Kotelkin V.
Published: April 2022

We propose a concept for a geodynamic model of East Asia, taking into account the mechanism of the

interaction between the stable part of the regional continental lithosphere and the active continental

margin along the Kuril-Kamchatka and Japan island arcs. The concept involves upper mantle

convection combined with keyboard-block mechanism explaining seismic cycle patterns in the active

continental margin and provides grounds to resolve the paradoxes of the present-day velocity field

observed by satellite geodesy methods. These paradoxes are associated with enormous variation in the

velocity field, such as sometimes contradict directions of surface motions in the adjacent portions of the

earth’s surface. We propose a model that attribute the observed motion pattern to the superposition of

the long-term subduction-driven convection regime beneath the continent causing the ocean-ward

lithosphere extension and the shorter-term cyclic motion of seismogenic blocks with alternating

directions. The model contributes to the development of the physically-based theoretical concepts of

modern plate tectonics and eliminates the contradictions between the observed data and classical plate

tectonics in East Asia region.
Fabrication of Alginate-Based Electrospun Nanofibers for Carbon Dioxide Removal
Authors: Suratman Adhitasari , Astuti Desi Nur , Jonathan Ryan , Kuncaka Agus , Yusuf Yusril
Published: April 2022

A fabrication of eco-friendly and low-cost adsorbent materials is reported for CO2 removal. Alginate nanofibers (NFs) adsorbents were prepared by incorporating poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) into alginate solutions via electrospinning technique from alginate biopolymers. Smooth-surfaced Alg/PVA NFs were obtained with a specific surface area of 9.197 m2 g–1. Zeolite (Z) was impregnated into polymer solutions to enhance the properties and performances of alginate nanofibers. Alg/PVA/Z NFs appeared to be rougher with a specific surface area of 25.998 m2 g–1. Both adsorbents offered great potential for CO2 adsorbent in the future. The adsorption isotherms of Alg/PVA NFs followed the Langmuir model with optimum CO2 adsorption capacity of 3.286 mmol g–1 and  Alg/PVA/Z NFs followed Dubinin-Radushkevich model with optimum CO2 adsorption capacity of 10.710 mmol g–1.
Bioactive Compound Profile and Biological Modeling Reveals the Potential Role of Purified Methanolic Extract of Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus L.) in Inhibiting the Dengue Virus (DENV) NS3 Protease-Helicase
Authors: Tribudi Yuli Arif , Agustin Ayu Tri , Setyaningtyas Dian Eka , Gusmalawati Dwi
Published: April 2022

Dengue fever is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus, and there is no yet effective drug to treat this disease successfully. Our study aimed to identify the bioactive compounds of Acorus calamus L. and its potential role in inhibiting dengue virus NS3 protease-helicase. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analyzed phytochemical constituents. Drug-likeness of the predominant compound methanol extract of Acorus calamus L. was investigated through the SWISS ADME server. Complex molecular interactions were investigated by Hex 8.0 docking program and Discovery studio 2016. Our study revealed that the five largest phytochemicals in the extract were acoric acid, acorone, acoradin, acoronene, and calamendiol. All predominant compounds are potent to be developed as drug candidates. Molecular docking results showed that the five compounds bind to the Arg599, Pro291, Lys388, Pro431, and His487 of the dengue virus NS3 protease-helicase, the ligand-binding site that plays an essential role in viral replication. The ligand-protein binding pattern exhibited hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions. The interaction of the acoradin-NS3 protease-helicase complex had the lowest binding energy of -299.7 kcal/mol. In summary, we conclude that Acorus calamus L. extract may have prospects as a drug for dengue virus infection.
Synthesis of the Novel Nanocatalyst of Pt3Mo Nanoalloys on Ti0.8W0.2O2 via Hydrothermal and Microwave-Assisted Polyol Process
Authors: Ngoc Mai Anh Tram , Pham Nguyen Khanh , Tran Kim Ngan Thi , Ho Van Thi Thanh
Published: April 2022

Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) attracts much attention due to its high abundance, environmental friendliness, and convenient transportation and storage. In this study, a novel catalyst of Pt3Mo alloy nanoparticles (NPs) on non-carbon Ti0.8W0.2O2  support was synthesized by microwave-assisted polyol process. The characteristic of Pt3Mo NPS/Ti0.8W0.2O2 catalyst was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. Pt3Mo NPs had an average diameter of approximate 5.18 nm and were uniformly anchored on Ti0.8W0.2O2 surface. The ratio of Mo in the Pt3Mo alloy was consistent with the theoretical value, which supported the effectiveness of the synthesis method. In addition, Pt3Mo/Ti0.8W0.2O2 electrocatalysts exhibited higher CO-like tolerance in methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) than commercial electrocatalysts, excellent catalytic activity, and strong durability after 2000 cycles. The synergistic effect of Pt-Mo alloy, and the strong interaction between the bimetallic Pt-Mo alloy and the mesoporous Ti0.8W0.2O2 support, could weaken the Pt-CO bond. Besides, the high corrosion resistance and superior electrochemical durability of TiO2-based oxide also contribute to the excellent stability of Pt3Mo/Ti0.8W0.2O2 electrocatalyst in harsh electrochemical media. These results revealed that this material could be a potential catalyst in DMFC technology.
Risk Assessment of Toxic Metals from Drinking Water of Taluka Ghorābāri, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Shar Abdul Raheem , Shar Ghulam Qadir , Jumani Zulfiqar Ali , Pathan Aslam Khan , Bhatti Zubeda , Rind Ali Raza , Jogi Ghulam Mujtaba
Published: April 2022

In the current study, the quality of groundwater used for drinking purposes was assessed in Taluka Ghorābāri, Sindh, Pakistan. Twenty-five sampling locations were selected for the collection of groundwater. Samples were analyzed for physicochemical and heavy metal analysis, followed by standard methods. Detection of heavy metals was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Heavy metals which exceeded the WHO safe limit included Cr (28%), Fe (16%), Mn (48%), and Ni (16%) from the drinking water of the study area. The Cu and Zn were found within the safe limit in all drinking water samples of the study area. The Daily Intake of heavy Metals (DIM) and Health Risk Indexes (HRI) Assessments were calculated to determine risk assessments; the order of mean DIM values was observed as Ni > Cu > Fe > Zn > Cr while HRI was observed in the order of Cu > Mn > Zn > Fe > Cr. The HRI values were observed less than one for both adults and children, which shows the lack of possible health hazards for the people of the study area.
Solubility Enhancement and Characterization of Tamoxifen Citrate Using Co-crystallization
Authors: Gozali Dolih , Sopyan Iyan , Hairunnisa Hairunnisa , Marvita Siska Sari
Published: April 2022

Tamoxifen citrate (TC) is one of the anti-estrogen agents which has low solubility in the water. As TC is still used as the main therapy in breast cancer treatment, modifications are still being made to increase the solubility of TC for a successful treatment. In this research, co-crystallization of TC was performed using Nicotinamide (NIC), Isonicotinamide (ISO), Saccharin (SAC), Aspartame (ASP), and Benzoic Acid (BNZ) as a coformer with the molar ratio of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1. Co-crystal was prepared by solvent drop grinding (SDG) and solvent evaporation (SE) methods using methanol. The results of the solubility test showed that TC-NIC and TC-ISO co-crystals with a 1:2 molar ratio made using the SDG and SE methods gave the best results. Meanwhile, the best dissolution test results were shown by TC-ISO co-crystals with a ratio of 1:2. Based on the characterization of physical stability, the SDG method resulted in more stable TC co-crystals than the SE method. Therefore, in this case, the SDG method could be more advantageous to be used for development in the field of co-crystallization.
Profiling Metabolites through Chemometric Analysis in Orthosiphon aristatus Extracts as α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and In Silico Molecular Docking
Authors: Maulana Faizal , Muhammad Alfari Andiqa , Umar Ali , Mahendra Fachrur Rizal , Musthofa Muhammad , Nurcholis Waras
Published: April 2022

Orthosiphon aristatus (called kumis kucing in Indonesia) is a valuable herb for diabetes mellitus treatment. In this study, LC-MS/MS and PCA analyses were used to investigate the metabolite profile, classify O. aristatus extracts, and assess the inhibitory activity of a-glucosidase and the probable bioactive compounds through in silico study. Results showed that the methanol and ethanol extracts of O. aristatus were active in α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Both extracts contained 86 compounds as known from the LC-MS/MS analysis. PCA analysis identified 10 metabolites that correlated with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Results of in silico analysis obtained rosmarinic acid compound potentially act as anti-diabetic activity, which can be developed for further research.