bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical characterization and thermal properties of kernel oils from Tunisian peach and nectarine varieties of Prunus persica
Authors: Chamli D. , Bootello M. A. , Bouali I. , Jouhri S. , Boukhchina S. , Martínez-Force E.
Published: September 2017

A comparative study was conducted to determine the fatty acids, triacylglycerol compositions and thermal properties of Tunisian kernel oils from the Prunus persica varieties, peach and nectarine, grown in two areas of Tunisia, Gabes and Morneg. Qualitatively, the fatty acids composition and triacylglycerol species were identical for all samples. Oleic acid (67.7-75.0%) was the main fatty acid, followed by linoleic (15.7-22.1%) and palmitic (5.6-6.3%) acids. The major triacylglycerol species were triolein, OOO (38.4-50.5%), followed by OOL (18.2-23.2%), POO (8.3-9.7%) and OLL (6.3-10.1%). The thermal profiles were highly influenced by the high content of triolein due to the importance of oleic acid in these oils. Moreover, the fatty acids distribution in TAG external positions was determined as corresponding to an α asymmetry coefficient that was between 0.10 and 0.12, indicating a high asymmetry in the distribution of saturated fatty acids in the position sn-1 and sn-3 in the TAG species of all samples.
A comparative study of solvent and supercritical CO2 extraction of Simarouba gluaca seed oil
Authors: Anjaneyulu B. , Satyannarayana S. , Kanjilal Sanjit , Siddaiah V. , Prasanna Rani K. N.
Published: September 2017

In the present study, the supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) extraction of oil from Simarouba gluaca seeds was carried out at varying conditions of pressure (300–500 bar), temperature (50–70 °C) and CO2 flow rate (10–30 g·min-1). The extraction condition for maximum oil yield was obtained at 500 bar pressure, 70 °C and at 30 g·min-1 flow rate of CO2. The extracted oil was analyzed thoroughly for physico-chemical properties and compared with those of conventional solvent extracted oil. An interesting observation is a significant reduction in the phosphorus content of the oil (8.4 mg·kg-1) extracted using supercritical CO2 compared to the phosphorous content of the solvent extracted oil (97 mg·kg-1). Moreover, the content of total tocopherols in supercritically extracted oil (135.6 mg·kg-1) was found to be higher than the solvent extracted oil (111 mg·kg-1). The rest of the physico-chemical properties of the two differently extracted oils matched well with each other. The results indicated the possible benefits of supercritical CO2 extraction over solvent extraction of Simarouba gluaca seed oil.
Hypocholesterolemic impact of newly isolated sophorolipids produced by microbial conversion of safflower oil cake in rats fed high-fat and cholesterol diet
Authors: Nooman M. U. , Mahmoud M. H. , Al-kashef A. S. , Rashad M. M.
Published: September 2017

The present study aims to produce low cost sophorolipids, and to evaluate their potential hypocholesterolemic impact. Sophorolipids were produced by Candida bombicola grown on safflower oil cake, extracted by methanol followed by ethyl acetate with a yield of 24.4 and 48.3 g·100 g-1 mixed substrate, respectively. Their structure was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR and proven to be safe when subjected to an acute toxicity test. A biological experiment was done on 42 male albino rats classified into six groups for 4 weeks following an induction period for hypercholesterolemia of 8 weeks. The two extracts and their mixture were examined for their hypocholesterolemic effect compared to rosuvastatin. The results revealed a reduction in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherogenic index, liver transaminases’ activity and malondialdehyde. They also revealed an elevation in high density lipoprotein cholesterol and antioxidant enzymes which was more efficient than rosuvastatin. Histopathological examination confirmed these results. In conclusion, the newly isolated sophorolipids are powerful hypocholesterolemic compounds which are even more efficient and safer than rosuvastatin.
Influence of different irrigation and nitrogen levels on crude oil and fatty acid composition of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Kaplan M. , Kale H. , Karaman K. , Unlukara A.
Published: September 2017

The effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer levels on the crude oil and fatty acid composition of maize cultivars was studied. Three levels of irrigation (50, 75 and 100% of field capacity) and nitrogen (100, 200 and 300 kg·ha-1) were used for treatment groups. After harvest, the crude oils were extracted and fatty acid profiles were determined by Gas Chromatography system. The study was repeated for two years and the interaction effects of fertilizer and irrigation were determined. Our results show that the crude oil content was affected positively by the fertilizer and the irrigation applications. As expected, the most abundant fatty acid was linoleic and the harvest year did not alter it. The highest linoleic acid content value was obtained with a 50% field capacity and 300 kg·ha-1 fertilizer treatment combination. In addition, fatty acid contents varied with the changing of interaction effects except for myristic and palmitic acid. Oleic acid was the second abundant fatty acid in the oil samples and the lowest oleic acid value was obtained with a 50% field capacity and 300 kg·ha-1 fertilizer treatment combination. Oleic acid content tended to increase with 75% field capacity but 100% field capacity treatment decreased in it.
Physicochemical characteristics, thermal stability and antioxidant characteristics of Trichosanthes kirilowii maxim seed oil as affected by different extraction methods
Authors: Hou Z. K. , Ji Q. Z. , Yang L. , Gao Z. Q. , Wang B. C.
Published: September 2017

In conducting this study, the extraction of Trichosanthes kirilowii maxim seed oils (TSO) was carried out with the help of cold pressing (CP), hot pressing (HP) and soxhlet extraction (SE). Investigation, together with comparison, was carried out with respect to the physicochemical properties, thermal stability and antioxidant action of TSO. The key ingredients in the seeds consisted of fat, fiber and protein. The physicochemical characteristics of the oils brought to light the fact that CPTSO possessed top oil quality. The findings also suggested that linoleic acid, punicic acid and oleic acid were the leading unsaturated fatty acids in TSO. It was also discovered that TSO had an almost identical chemical composition regardless of the extraction method was used. It was demonstrated by TG/DTG curves that both HPTSO and CPTSO had more thermal stability in comparison with SETSO. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity assessments emphasized that CPTSO had better radical scavenging potential. CP had the ability to deliver an extract with higher quality as well as antioxidant activity in comparison with HP and SE methods and can be taken into consideration as a more suitable method in order to attain high quality oil.
A study of the differences between trade standards inside and outside Europe
Authors: García-González D. L. , Tena N. , Romero I. , Aparicio-Ruiz R. , Morales M. T. , Aparicio R.
Published: September 2017

The definitions of olive oil categories are common or very similar for all the international regulatory bodies, and in many cases the text is even literally the same. However, the values of some parameters which chemically define the different categories do not have the same degree of agreement. These disagreements mean a difficult task for importers and exporters who have to deal with these differences when they need to defend the quality and genuineness of their product. This work analyzes the differences found when scrutinizing the current trade standards and regulations from a critical viewpoint, with comments and useful tips for improving the current International Olive Council methods when possible, as well as alternatives from non targeted techniques. The values of precision associated with the International Olive Council methods are also examined and the need for re-validating methods to update the analytical quality parameters is discussed.
Primera generación de autores con difusión internacional en la investigación turística española
Authors: López-Bonilla Jesús Manuel , Granados-Perea Concepción , López-Bonilla Luis Miguel
Published: September 2017

Los investigadores españoles han mostrado un interés creciente en los análisis bibliométricos sobre la investigación turística. Sin embargo, no se ha realizado todavía un análisis de autoría suficientemente exhaustivo en la investigación turística española. Este estudio analiza la producción científica con difusión internacional de los autores afiliados a instituciones españolas. Para ello, la búsqueda se ha realizado a través de la base de datos de Scopus durante el período 2002-2013. Se ha establecido un ranking de 79 autores españoles que han publicado seis o más trabajos en revistas científicas con difusión internacional. La media de co-autores españoles por trabajo publicado es elevada respecto a los autores internacionales. Asimismo, se observa una clara desigualdad de género, con predominio de autores masculinos. En este ranking destacan por número de trabajos publicados las áreas de Economía Aplicada y de Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados, así como las universidades de Islas Baleares y de Alicante.
Determinación de grupos de usuarios de bibliotecas digitales mediante el análisis de ficheros log
Authors: Martínez-Comeche Juan Antonio
Published: September 2017

En este estudio se analiza el modo en que los usuarios realizan tareas de búsqueda y recuperación de información mediante consulta en la Biblioteca Digital Hispánica, distinguiendo grupos de usuarios en función de su distinto comportamiento informacional. Para ello se emplean los ficheros log recopilados por el servidor durante un año y se cotejan distintos algoritmos de agrupamiento. Se observa que el algoritmo k-means es un procedimiento de agrupamiento adecuado al análisis de extensos ficheros log de consultas en bibliotecas digitales. En el caso de la Biblioteca Digital Hispánica se distinguen tres grupos de usuarios cuyo comportamiento informacional distintivo se describe.
Influencia de la fecha de publicación online de los artículos científicos en los indicadores bibliométricos
Authors: Echeverría Mercedes , Stuart David , Cordón-García José Antonio
Published: September 2017

Este artículo analiza la distancia temporal entre la disponibilidad online de los artículos y su publicación en papel y cómo este lapso de tiempo afecta a los indicadores bibliométricos Factor de Impacto (JIF) e Índice de Inmediatez. Esta investigación examinó 18.526 artículos, la colección completa de artículos y revisiones publicadas por un conjunto de 61 revistas de Urología y Nefrología en 2013 y 2014. Los resultados hallados sugieren que la Publicación Electrónica Anticipada (AOP) acelera la citación de artículos, afectando a los valores de JIF e Índice de Inmediatez. Respecto a los valores de JIF, la comparación entre revistas con AOP y sin esta característica mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas (P=0,001, U test Mann-Whitney). La correlación de Spearman entre JIF y la mediana del intervalo de tiempo publicación online-papel no resultó ser estadísticamente significativa. En cuanto al Índice de Inmediatez, se halló una correlación de Spearman significativa respecto a la mediana del intervalo de publicación online-papel (rs=0,280, P=0,029) para las revistas publicadas en 2014, pero sin correlación significativa para las publicadas en 2013. La mayoría de las revistas examinadas (n= 52 de 61) publicaron sus artículos en AOP. El análisis mostró también diferentes prácticas de los editores, ocho revistas no indicaron en el texto completo las fechas de publicación online, y nueve revistas publicaron los mismos artículos con dos fechas diferentes de publicación online, la fecha proporcionada por la web de la revista y la fecha suministrada por Science Direct de Elsevier. Estas prácticas sugieren la necesidad de transparencia y estandarización de las fechas de publicación online de artículos científicos para el cálculo de los indicadores bibliométricos de las revistas.
Validation of an Embedded-Atom Copper Classical Potential via Bulk and Nanostructure Simulations
Authors: Kozlowski Miroslaw , Scopece Daniele , Janczak-Rusch Jolanta , Jeurgens Lars P.H. , Abdank-Kozubski Rafał Leszek , Passerone Daniele
Published: September 2017

The validation of classical potentials for describing multicomponent materials in complex geometries and their high temperature structural modifications (disordering and melting) requires to verify both a faithful description of the individual phases and a convincing scheme for the mixed interactions, like it is the case of the embedded atom scheme. The present paper addresses the former task for an embedded atom potential for copper, namely the widely adopted parametrization by Zhou, through application to bulk, surface and nanocluster systems. It is found that the melting point is underestimated by 200 degrees with respect to experiment, but structural and temperature-dependent properties are otherwise faithfully reproduced.
Effect of wheelchair design on wheeled mobility and propulsion efficiency in less-resourced settings
Authors: Stanfill Christopher J. , Jensen Jody L.
Published: September 2017

Background: Wheelchair research includes both qualitative and quantitative approaches, primarily focuses on functionality and skill performance and is often limited to short testing periods. This is the first study to use the combination of a performance test (i.e. wheelchair propulsion test) and a multiple-day mobility assessment to evaluate wheelchair designs in rural areas of a developing country.Objectives: Test the feasibility of using wheel-mounted accelerometers to document bouts of wheeled mobility data in rural settings and use these data to compare how patients respond to different wheelchair designs.Methods: A quasi-experimental, pre- and post-test design was used to test the differences between locally manufactured wheelchairs (push rim and tricycle) and an imported intervention product (dual-lever propulsion wheelchair). A one-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to interpret propulsion and wheeled mobility data.Results: There were no statistical differences in bouts of mobility between the locally manufactured and intervention product, which was explained by high amounts of variability within the data. With regard to the propulsion test, push rim users were significantly more efficient when using the intervention product compared with tricycle users.Conclusion: Use of wheel-mounted accelerometers as a means to test user mobility proved to be a feasible methodology in rural settings. Variability in wheeled mobility data could be decreased with longer acclimatisation periods. The data suggest that push rim users experience an easier transition to a dual-lever propulsion system.
Die lewe en werk van Martin Luther (1483–1546): ŉ Leksikografiese bydrae tot Reformasie 500
Authors: Van Wyk Ignatius W.C.
Published: September 2017

This is a lexicographic contribution to Reformation 500. The life, work and legacy of Martin Luther is discussed. The article wants to introduce Martin Luther to readers who are not acquainted with him. After reading the article readers should know a few basic facts of his complicated biography. They should have an idea of the themes he discussed, where his works could be accessed and the latest literature relating to Luther. We also let Luther himself speak to us via his table-talks. Through the selected table-talks, one gets to know Luther as the family man who dearly loved his wife and children. A few hundred words cannot do justice to the legacy he left behind. The short notes on his huge legacy want to motivate the reader to read more about the man who changed the course of history.
Classroom acoustics as a consideration for inclusive education in South Africa
Authors: Van Reenen Coralie , Karusseit Catherine
Published: September 2017

Background: It can hardly be disputed that a school environment should be conducive or, at the very least, not prohibitive to effective learning. The provision of fair, equal and barrier-free access to education is referred to as inclusive education. South Africa supports a policy of inclusive schooling, striving to accommodate all children, including those with disabilities, in mainstream schools. This article sets out to prove that noise control in classrooms is a relevant, yet neglected, aspect of inclusive classroom design in South Africa and requires specific attention.Objectives: The objectives of this study are to: (1) establish the impact that noise has on learners with sensory, language or learning impairments; (2) establish the preferred listening conditions for these learners by examining prior research and guidelines available in other countries; and (3) outline the current South African regulations pertaining to classroom acoustics and assess them against the preferred listening environment.Method: This research was conducted as a systematic review with reference to the South African context. Local and international research and guidelines were used as references, providing an overview and evaluation of data concerning noise and learning.Results: Noise is disadvantageous for learners, particularly those with sensory, language or learning impairments. Research and international guidelines show that the ideal ambient level is 30 dBA – 35 dBA, allowing the achievement of an ideal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of +15 dB, and the ideal reverberation time is 0.4 s – 0.6 s. Various South African regulations discussed are inconsistent regarding ambient noise level (ranging from 35 dBA – 50 dBA) and say little about reverberation time for classrooms.Conclusion: South African regulations regarding classroom acoustics require revision to ensure inclusion of all learners with disabilities. The current status does not enforce barrier-free environments in mainstream schools for children with sensory, language or learning impairments.
Evidence-Based Pharmacy Practice?
Authors: Chant Clarence
Published: September 2017

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Pharmacist Performance of Physical Assessment: Perspectives of Clinical Pharmacists Working in Different Practice Settings
Authors: Chua Doson , Ladha Fatima , Pammett Robert T , Turgeon Ricky D
Published: September 2017

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Effect of Tubing Flush or Preconditioning on Available Insulin Concentration for IV Infusion: A Pilot Project
Authors: Newby Brandi , Holmes Daniel T
Published: September 2017

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Patient-Centred Care through Storytelling
Authors: Barry Arden R
Published: September 2017

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Drug Utilization Research: Methods and Applications
Authors: Neville Heather , Trenaman Shanna C
Published: September 2017

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Classification and Visualization of Physical and Chemical Properties of Falsified Medicines with Handheld Raman Spectroscopy and X-Ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Kakio Tomoko , Yoshida Naoko , Macha Susan , Moriguchi Kazunobu , Hiroshima Takashi , Ikeda Yukihiro , Tsuboi Hirohito , Kimura Kazuko
Published: September 2017

Analytical methods for the detection of substandard and falsified medical products (SFs) are important for public health and patient safety. Research to understand how the physical and chemical properties of SFs can be most effectively applied to distinguish the SFs from authentic products has not yet been investigated enough. Here, we investigated the usefulness of two analytical methods, handheld Raman spectroscopy (handheld Raman) and X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT), for detecting SFs among oral solid antihypertensive pharmaceutical products containing candesartan cilexetil as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). X-ray CT visualized at least two different types of falsified tablets, one containing many cracks and voids and the other containing aggregates with high electron density, such as from the presence of the heavy elements. Generic products that purported to contain equivalent amounts of API to the authentic products were discriminated from the authentic products by the handheld Raman and the different physical structure on X-ray CT. Approach to investigate both the chemical and physical properties with handheld Raman and X-ray CT, respectively, promise the accurate discrimination of the SFs, even if their visual appearance is similar with authentic products. We present a decision tree for investigating the authenticity of samples purporting to be authentic commercial tablets. Our results indicate that the combination approach of visual observation, handheld Raman and X-ray CT is a powerful strategy for nondestructive discrimination of suspect samples.
Physician Assistants and the Expanding Global Health-Care Workforce
Authors: Rick Tara J. , Ballweg Ruth
Published: September 2017

The physician assistant and other types of medical providers with accelerated and focused training were developed to serve the specific health-care needs of individual countries. They have an important role in providing care globally in response to physician shortages. Working in over 50 nations, these clinicians increase access to team-based health care. This perspective explores the successes and challenges of these professionals as an international community. Steps are proposed to increase global awareness and acceptance of these professionals including platforms to increase discussion, scholarly activity, and collaboration.
Stylized and photographic eye images do not increase charitable donations in a field experiment
Authors: Lennon Paul , Grant Rachel , Montrose V. Tamara
Published: September 2017

The effects of watching eyes upon prosocial behavior have been explored in various contexts, for example, in relation to charitable donations, honor-system payments and littering. Whilst studies have explored the effects of both photographic and stylized eyes upon prosocial behavior, no study, to our knowledge, has compared stylized eyes to photographic eyes. Here we explored the effects of stylized and photographic eye images upon prosocial behavior assessed via charitable donations in a ‘free cakes’ field experiment. Charitable giving was assessed under six eye image conditions, three stylized eye images (evil eye, eye of Horus, all-seeing eye), one photographic eye image (human eye image) and two control images (geometric shape control and blank control). No difference in the amount of money donated was found between any of the eye image conditions. These results suggest that watching eyes, whether stylized or photographic, are not effective at eliciting prosocial behavior via charitable giving. However, further study contrasting single and paired eye imagery, and exploration of the effects of stylized eye imagery in deterring littering and crime, would be beneficial.
Changes in domestic heating fuel use in Greece: effects on atmospheric chemistry and radiation
Authors: Athanasopoulou Eleni , Speyer Orestis , Brunner Dominik , Vogel Heike , Vogel Bernhard , Mihalopoulos Nikolaos , Gerasopoulos Evangelos
Published: September 2017

Abstract. For the past 8 years, Greece has been experiencing a major financial crisis which, among other side effects, has led to a shift in the fuel used for residential heating from fossil fuel towards biofuels, primarily wood. This study simulates the fate of the residential wood burning aerosol plume (RWB smog) and the implications on atmospheric chemistry and radiation, with the support of detailed aerosol characterization from measurements during the winter of 2013–2014 in Athens. The applied model system (TNO-MACC_II emissions and COSMO-ART model) and configuration used reproduces the measured frequent nighttime aerosol spikes (hourly PM10  >  75 µg m−3) and their chemical profile (carbonaceous components and ratios). Updated temporal and chemical RWB emission profiles, derived from measurements, were used, while the level of the model performance was tested for different heating demand (HD) conditions, resulting in better agreement with measurements for Tmin < 9 °C. Half of the aerosol mass over the Athens basin is organic in the submicron range, of which 80 % corresponds to RWB (average values during the smog period). Although organic particles are important light scatterers, the direct radiative cooling of the aerosol plume during wintertime is found low (monthly average forcing of –0.4 W m−2 at the surface), followed by a minor feedback to the concentration levels of aerosol species. The low radiative cooling of a period with such intense air pollution conditions is attributed to the timing of the smog plume appearance, both directly (longwave radiation increases during nighttime) and indirectly (the mild effect of the residual plume on solar radiation during the next day, due to removal and dispersion processes).
II. Entre las literaturas nacionales y la reformulación de un corpus continental
Authors: Arredondo Erika
Published: September 2017

La ciencia ficción en América Latina. Aproximaciones teóricas al imaginario de la experimentación cultural.
On derivations of prime and semi-prime Gamma rings
Authors: Kamali Ardakani Leili , Davvaz Bijan , Huang Shuliang
Published: September 2017

The concept of $\Gamma$-ring is a generalization of ring. Twoimportant classes of $\Gamma$-rings are prime and semi-prime$\Gamma$-rings. In this paper, we consider the concept of derivations on prime and semi-prime $\Gamma$-rings and we study some of their properties.
On extended generalized -recurrent (LCS)2n+1-manifolds
Authors: Yadav Sunil Kumar , Suthar Daya Lal , Hailu Mebrahtu
Published: September 2017

We introduce the notion of extended generalized -recurrent (LCS)2n+1-manifolds and study its various geometric properties with example. Finally, we construct an example of 3-dimensional extended generalized -recurrent (LCS)2n+1-manifold which is neither -recurrent nor generalized -recurrent.
Circulating Tumor DNA is Effective for Detection of KRAS Mutation in Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tang Min , Deng Zhenghua , Li Baolin , Peng Ying , Song Min , Liu Jinbo
Published: September 2017

Background

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) offers a novel and minimally invasive approach to the detection of the KRAS oncogene mutation in colorectal cancer. This study was conducted to compare the prognostic value of ctDNA with that of the current gold standard tumor tissue analysis.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted to identify relevant articles published from inception to December 27, 2016; the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched. Pooled specificity, sensitivity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) estimates and areas under summary receiver operating characteristic (AUSROC) curves were calculated. We also performed subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

Results

Twenty-three studies with 1,715 colorectal cancer patients were included. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.82) and 0.98 (CI, 0.95-0.99), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 31.8 (95% CI, 14.8-68.3), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.26 (95% CI, 0.19-0.36). In addition, the AUSROC and DOR were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.93-0.97) and 123 (95% CI, 52-291), respectively. Substantial heterogeneity was observed across studies (I2 = 95%, 95% CI, 91-99). None of the subgroups investigated, including those defined by blood sample type, study region, TNM stage, detection site and detection method, could indicate the source of the observed heterogeneity. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicated that the results of our meta-analysis were stable.

Conclusions

Circulating tumor DNA may serve as a viable alternative to tissue analysis for the detection of KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer.
Significance of stroma in biology of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Vucicevic Boras Vanja , Fucic Aleksandra , Virag Mihajlo , Gabric Dragana , Blivajs Igor , Tomasovic-Loncaric Cedna , Rakusic Zoran , Bisof Vesna , Novere Nicolas Le , Velimir Vrdoljak Danko
Published: September 2017

The worldwide annual incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is over 300,000 cases with a mortality rate of 48%. This cancer type accounts for 90% of all oral cancers, with the highest incidence in men over 50 years of age. A significantly increased risk of developing OSCC exists among smokers and people who consume alcohol daily. OSCC is an aggressive cancer that metastasizes rapidly. Despite the development of new therapies in the treatment of OSCC, no significant increase in 5-year survival has been recorded in the past decades. The latest research suggests focus should be put on examining tumor stroma activation within OSCC, as the stroma may contain cells that can produce signal molecules and a microenvironment crucial for the development of metastases. The aim of this review is to provide an insight into the factors that activate OSCC stroma and hence faciliate neoplastic progression. It is based on the currently available data on the role and interaction between metalloproteinases, cytokines, growth factors, hypoxia factor and extracellular adhesion proteins in the stroma of OSCC and neoplastic cells. Their interplay is additionally presented using the Systems Biology Graphical Notation in order to sublimate the collected knowledge and enable the more efficient recognition of possible new biomarkers in the diagnostics and follow-up of OSCC or in finding new therapeutic targets.
Judicialização da saúde pública no Brasil: padrões e divergências decisórias na Justiça Civil Comum do Estado de São Paulo, Comarca de Campinas | Judicialization of public health in Brazil: standards and decisional disagreements of the Common Civil Court of Sao Paulo State, judicial district of Campinas
Authors: Pimenta Keyla Ketlyn Passos , Gonçalves Junior Oswaldo
Published: September 2017

Resumo: O presente estudo busca identificar e analisar padrões decisórios da Justiça Civil Comum do Estado de São Paulo, em primeira e segunda instância, quanto ao fenômeno da judicialização da saúde pública, com base em um conjunto de ações judicias oriundas da Comarca de Campinas e julgadas pelo tribunal no ano de 2012. Trata-se de estudo empírico, descritivo e retrospectivo, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de consulta aos processos judiciais. Utiliza de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos de análise. Os resultados revelam determinados padrões nas causas estudadas e a ocorrência de divergências entre os padrões decisórios de primeira e segunda instância. As decisões em primeira instância, mais diversas, indicam relações com outros elementos processuais, como a patologia declarada, inclinação pessoal do magistrado, contato mais próximo com gestores públicos locais, entre outros.
Palavras-chave: Divergências decisórias. Judicialização da saúde pública. Poder judiciário. Padrões decisórios.

Abstract: This study aims to identify and to analyze decisional standards of the Common Civil Court of São Paulo State, in first and second instance, regarding to the phenomenon of public health judicialization, based on series of lawsuits from the Judicial District of Campinas and judged by the court in the year of 2012. This is an empirical, descriptive and retrospective study, which data were collected through the consultation of lawsuits. The study uses qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis. The results reveal certain standards in the lawsuits and the occurrence of divergences between first and second instance decisional standards. The decisions at first instance, diversified, indicate relations with other elements of the judicial process, such as the declared pathology, personal inclination of the judge, closer contact with local public managers, among others.
Keywords: Decisional standards. Decisional divergences. Judicialization of public health. Judiciary.
O valor econômico da savana metalófita da Floresta Nacional de Carajás, estado do Pará: uma contribuição teórica e metodológica
Authors: De Santana Antônio Cordeiro , Salomão Rafael Paiva , De Santana Ádamo Lima , Castilho Alexandre F. , Gomes Sérgio Castro
Published: September 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é estimar o valor econômico da vegetação de canga da Flona de
Carajás, que inclui espécies raras e endêmicas. Utilizou-se uma abordagem econômica e
ecológica na escolha das variáveis explanatórias do modelo integrado de avaliação contingente (MIAC), especificado pelas equações de disposição a pagar (DAP), pela preservação de
disposição a receber (DAR) e pela indenização da canga. Os valores médios da DAP e da DAR
foram, respectivamente, de R$ 4.073,84/ha e R$ 4.415,56/ha. A diferença entre esses valores
médios foi de apenas 8,39% em função do esclarecimento feito aos entrevistados sobre as
características e as potencialidades econômicas e ecológicas da canga. Os valores da DAP e
da DAR foram compostos pelas dimensões econômica de 52,1% e de 59,5%, sociodemográfica
de 11,7% e 10,2%, de serviços ecossistêmicos de 20,05% e 16,8% e a tácita de 15,7% e 13,6%.
Cadeia de Criação e Comercialização do Cavalo Crioulo no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Da Silva Bruna Pacheco , Silva Farias Claudio Vinicius
Published: September 2017

Este trabalho possui como objetivo analisar a cadeia de criação e comercialização do Cavalo

Crioulo no Rio Grande do Sul, tendo em vista sua importância econômica e sua tradição na

atividade produtiva do estado, participando, inclusive, do imaginário da região do pampa.

A pesquisa está fundamentada no estudo sobre os Sistemas Agroindustriais, a Coordena-

ção e Estruturação de Cadeias, à luz da Nova Economia Institucional. A coleta de dados foi

realizada através de análise documental, de análise de dados secundários e de entrevistas

em profundidade com agentes da cadeia, se caracterizando em um estudo exploratório de

abordagem qualitativa. Foi realizada uma análise histórica do mercado de Cavalos Crioulos e apresentada uma proposta de estrutura da cadeia analisada, seus elos (agentes da

cadeia) e como estes se relacionam.

Palavras-chave: Cavalo Crioulo. Coordenação e Estruturação de Cadeias. Nova Economia

Institucional. Sistemas Agroindustriais.
A gestão do conhecimento no setor público: seus conceitos, modelos e ferramentas
Authors: De Camargo Evandro José Bilycz , Pereira André Da Silva
Published: September 2017

A gestão do conhecimento, vista como forma processual, está junto das necessidades institucionais e organizacionais, formalizadas como modos de gestão. O objetivo deste trabalho é conceituar e apontar as melhores práticas de gestão do conhecimento junto ao setor

público. Para isso, traz a abordagem de Nonaka e Takeuchi (1997), Davenport e Prusak

(1998), Dixon (2000), dentre outros. É uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que procura identificar

os meios para a administração pública alcançar uma capacidade mais orientada de abordagem gerencial e produtiva, inclusiva e concomitante.

Palavras-chave: Conhecimento. Gestão. Setor público.
Asset-building payments for ecosystem services: assessing landowner perceptions of reforestation incentives in Lebanon
Authors: Sarkissian Arbi J. , Brook Robert M. , Talhouk Salma N. , Hockley Neal J.
Published: September 2017

Aim of study: Incentivising landowners to supply ecosystem services remains challenging, especially when this requires long-term investments such as reforestation. We investigated how landowners perceive, and would respond to, distinct types of incentives for planting diverse native trees on private lands in Lebanon. Our aim was to understand landowners’ attitudes towards hypothetical Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) contracts options; their likely participation; and the potential additionality they would provide. Area of study: Highland villages situated within eight of Lebanon’s 20 Important Plant Areas Materials and methods: Mixed-methods surveys were conducted with 34 landowners to determine past, present and future land-use strategies. Study participants were presented with three differently structured reforestation contract options (or schemes). The three schemes (results-based loan, action-based grant, and results-based payments) differed in their expected risks and benefits to landowners. Qualitative debriefing questions followed each of the schemes presented. Main results: Although the results-based loan did deter uptake relative to the lower risk action-based grant, results-based payments did not significantly increase uptake or planting area, suggesting asymmetric attitudes to risk. Qualitative probing revealed economic, social (e.g. trust) and institutional factors (e.g. legal implications of planting forest trees on private land) that limited willingness to participate in the results-based contract option. Research highlights: This study demonstrates the importance of combining qualitative and quantitative methods to better understand landowner perceptions of incentives and risks, particularly in challenging socio-political contexts.
Towards Sustainable New Settlements in Egypt: Lessons Learned from a Comparison between Traditional and Modern Settlements in Greater Cairo Region - Egypt
Authors: Ghonimi Islam
Published: September 2017

The last few decades, Egypt drawn into a dramatic socio-economic change that causes a relative change in adopted development patterns. Different typologies of new residential districts have turned from globalized westernized world into Egyptian context. Planners and authority thought that changing adopted development patterns from traditional to modern neighborhood could provide solutions for old town's problems. On the other hand, different scholars have emphasized that traditional compact, mixed use, high-density urban forms are important for reaching sustainability goals in term of environmental, economic and social advantages. Based on a comparison of the sustainability of three case studies Shubra, Heliopolis, and new Cairo city; this research examine analyze the sustainability of New Egyptian Settlements. The analysis depends on observation and spatial analysis to investigate the variations of performances between the three case studies in terms of urban, social, environmental, and economic sustainability indicators. The research aims to assess the sustainability of moving from traditional to modern urban form in GCR' new towns and to extract development criteria and lessons learned from traditional urban form to enhance the sustainability of modern settlements. The research concluded that both traditional early developed settlements like Shubra and new planned settlements like new Cairo recorded low performance in sustainability issues, each one in its own way; and that early planned settlements like Heliopolis recorded moderate performance in sustainability issues, this paves the way for criteria to prepare new plans of new settlements and provide intensification repair tools to fix existing new settlements.
Transition and Social Practices
Authors: Liedtke Christa , Hasselkuß Marco , Speck Melanie , Baedeker Carolin
Published: September 2017

Against the background of environmental problems arising from the growing extraction of natural resources and resource depletion, achieving a sustainable development is an indispensable challenge in the twenty-first century. In this article we want to show how socio-technical and product-service innovations can change social practices – the routine doings in everyday life – and, thus, support transition of socio-technical systems. We introduce theoretical considerations on how social practice theories and the framework of the Multi-Level Perspective in transition research can be linked to better understand transition processes from a micro-macro-link perspective. We then present cases based on desk research in the field of practices in bathing, heating and nutrition to show how these have changed over the past decades. Building on this, examples of concepts for sustainable product-service-design in these areas are introduced as leverage points to change social practices in everyday life. These have been developed in research projects or design student seminar works, respectively. We argue that this implies sustainable product-service-systems should be developed in a user- and actor-integrated framework, such as Sustainable LivingLabs. The integration of users and other stakeholders into participatory co-creation processes enables tailored solutions that take actual routines and dependencies seriously into account.
Veiligheid en welzijn van Eritreeërs in het geding?
Authors: Horbach Desiree , Rijken Conny
Published: September 2017

Concerns about the well-being and safety of Eritreans in the Netherlands

The rationale behind refugee law is that people who fear persecution in their home country can seek and find a safe haven in another country. The situation in Eritrea with its national service and wide-spread human rights violations is reason why many Eritreans flee their country. A vast number of them want to apply for asylum in European countries. After a risky journey over the African continent where they face risks of kidnappings, trafficking for ransom, and situations of inhuman and degrading treatment, they reach Europe. Some of them continue their journey to the Netherlands. The central question in this article is whether or not their safety and well-being are at stake once they arrive in the Netherlands. Situations of involvement of and intimidation by the Eritrean regime in the Netherlands, diaspora tax that is forcibly collected, involvement of the Orthodox Church and indications of human trafficking have been reported in media and reports, by individuals and organisations. In this article the outcomes of a research on the concerns about the well-being of Eritrean asylum seekers in reception centres among employers of organisations responsible for their safety and well-being are presented and discussed. Data were collected and discussed during four focus group meetings with a total of 33 professionals. The concerns are divided in three groups: 1) Concerns about the capacities and possibilities to integrate in Dutch society, 2) Concerns about religion and rituals, and 3) Concerns about indications of human trafficking. These concerns are further elaborated based on which the conclusion is drawn that more tailored support and assistance is required for successful integration of Eritreans in Dutch society, their empowerment and resilience against threats and challenges in Dutch society.
Op de grens van het vreemdelingentoezicht: discretionaire beslissingen binnen het Mobiel Toezicht Veiligheid
Authors: Brouwer Jelmer , van der Woude Maartje , van der Leun Joanne
Published: September 2017

Monitoring migration or catching criminals? Discretionary decision making in the context of the Mobile Security Monitor

The Mobile Security Monitor (MSM) is a form of migration policing in the border areas of the Netherlands, carried out by the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee (KMar). The MSM has a complex legal and policy framework, merging migration control aims with certain elements of crime control. This raises the question how the officers carrying out the MSM interpret the exact aim of the instrument and their own accompanying powers and what this means for the way they carry out their task. Our results show that many officers see ‘catching criminals’ an important part of their job and that in order to achieve this, they sometimes make ‘creative use’ of their wide-ranging powers. Although similar results have been found in research with the police, KMar officers differ because of their ability to combine migration law and criminal law powers. This fits in with the process of crimmigration and the broader tendency of ad-hoc instrumentalism, which refers to a way of thinking about law and legal procedures in which the formal distinction between legal domains is considered less important and criminal justice actors can freely choose the most effective instrument to deal with the situation at hand. This means that the formal ground for a decision is not always transparent, especially not for people that are subjected to the MSM. Moreover, criminal law enforcement contains many more legal and procedural safeguards than administrative controls.
Leprosy – one of the many forgotten tropical diseases
Authors: Zwolska Zofia , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa
Published: September 2017

Leprosy or Hansen disease is caused by an infection of Mycobacterium leprae. The large number of undetected cases (2000-2012 years 4 mln people) remains a threat to the elimination of leprosy. Leprosy is an unheard in Poland and generally is considered a condition so “exotic” that it is not worth to spend more attention to it. Forgotten disease in developed countries still thrives in an environment of poor and uneducated. Regardless of the conclusion that in the 21st century none infectious disease should not be treated as a disease on the designated regions of the world, other than our own, it should be recalled that the M. leprae was discovered in Europe, where for many years there were leprosaria and still infectious hospitals in Great Brittan, France or Spain get patients suspected of leprosy. The mobility of the inhabitants of the globe caused by wars, ethnic conflicts or a simple tourism causes that any infectious disease can not be treated as solely limited to distant us regions. The best proof of this were the viral diseases, formerly found in only in Asia or Africa, and currently transmitted to Europe [1]. At any moment, we can stand up against the problem of diagnostics of humans toward leprosy. Many medical reports indicate that leprosy as a disease with many symptoms encountered difficulties in its diagnosis. Only the experience of medical professionals and good microbiological diagnosis may speed up the diagnosis of leprosy.
Characterization of LL25X, a Newly Isolated Anti-SIV Monoclonal Antibody, to Determine Binding Specificity
Authors: Park Zackary Tajin
Published: September 2017

A phage display library was previously constructed from an SIV-infected rhesus macaque. Several single chain Fv (scFv), including SU24, SU343 and LL25X, were selected using phage display technology. Sequences corresponding to SU24, SU343 and LL25X were optimized for expression in a mammalian system and commercially synthesized. SU24 and SU343 had previously been cloned into a mammalian expression vector. In this study, we aimed to characterize the specificity of SU24, SU343, and LL25X.. The codon-optimized version of the scFv LL25X gene sequence was cloned into a mammalian expression vector (pCEP4).  LL25X DNA was amplified by PCR, and the PCR product and mammalian expression vector were both digested with KpnI/SapI restriction enzymes. Digested fragments were purified, and the fragments were ligated using T4DNA ligase. E. coli cells were transformed with the ligation reaction. Single colonies were selected on LB agar plates containing the selective antibiotic (ampicillin). Positive colonies were identified after DNA mini-preparation and test-digestion with KpnI and SapI. Sanger sequencing confirmed cloning results and DNA sequence accuracy. Following transfection of mammalian cells (293T), LL25X-Fc cells, and purifying our protein, the binding of LL25X-Fc to the SIV gp140 envelope protein was confirmed via ELISA and Western Blotting.