bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A single hybrid parameter-based model for calibrating hargreaves-samani coefficient in Nigeria
Authors: Nwokolo Samuel , Ogbulezie Julie
Published: August 2017

The present research was designed to locally calibrate Hargreaves-Samani computing model (HS) in twenty-one (21) locations with their corresponding coastal and interior regions in Nigeria employing a single hybrid parameter-based model to obtain the adjusted Hargreaves-Samani coefficient (AHC) for Nigerian environment. To achieve this purpose, meteorological parameters such as extraterrestrial solar radiation, maximum sunshine duration, minimum and maximum temperatures were employed as input parameters to compute the original HS model and equally calibrate the original HS model. The monthly AHCs were obtained by multiplying the 0.17 by the monthly ratio of the observed global solar radiation (H) to H calculated from original HS model. The average value was obtained per station. These observed AHC values were considered as the target values for the development of hybrid parameter-based models (HP) for every station used for calibrating original HS model. On the whole, the result from the statistical indicators confirmed that the locally calibrated HS model performed better than the original HS model in all stations (including coastal and interior regions) investigated. Both the original and calibrated HS models underestimated H at annual timescale, but the calibrated HS model provided closer average values with H, which could confirm the good performances of the calibrated HS model. Therefore, the calibrated HS model obtained in this research could be highly recommended for estimating H in Nigeria when only temperature data are available.
Numerical Solution of Time-Dependent Problems with Fractional Power Elliptic Operator
Authors: Vabishchevich Petr N.
Published: August 2017

An unsteady problem is considered for a space-fractional equation in a bounded domain.
A first-order evolutionary equation involves a fractional power
of an elliptic operator of second order. Finite element approximation in
space is employed. To construct approximation in time, standard two-level schemes are used.
The approximate solution at a new time-level is obtained as a solution of
a discrete problem with the fractional power of the elliptic operator.
A Padé-type approximation is constructed on the basis of special
quadrature formulas for an integral representation of the fractional power elliptic operator
using explicit schemes. A similar approach is applied in the numerical implementation of implicit schemes.
The results of numerical experiments are presented for a test two-dimensional problem.
Estimating the number of solutions of systems of nonlinear equations with linear recurring arguments by the spectral method
Authors: Kamlovskiy Oleg V.
Published: August 2017

A general approach is proposed for obtaining estimates of the number of solutions of systems of nonlinear equations. Final estimates are established in the case when the arguments of functions in the system are the signs of linear recurrent sequences over Galois rings.
Combining Ability Analysis for Achene Yield and Related Components in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Riaz Adeel , Tahir Muhammad Hammad Nadeem , Rizwan Muhammad , Nazir Mian Faisal , Riaz Bisma
Published: August 2017

For determination of best general and specific combiners for achene yield and related components, a study on a 7×7 diallel fashion in sunflower was conducted at experimental field of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The data were recorded on quantitative traits; days to maturity, plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, number of leaves, Achene per head, achene yield per plant, 100-achene weight, filled achene percentage and oil contents and subjected to Analysis of variance and combining abilities. The accessions were significant for studied traits except oil contents. The accessions A-544, A-554 and A-552 showed significant general combining ability effects days to maturity, plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, number of leaves and filled achene, achene per head and achene yield per plant. The best cross combination A-546×A-560 showed significant specific combining ability effects for number of leaves and filled achene percentage. Among reciprocal crosses, the cross A-560×A-534 proved best for plant height and stem diameter while A-548×A-546 for number of leaves and achene per head.
Frequency Based Risk Assessment of a Power Producer in Indian Electricity Market
Authors: Panda Debasmita , Singh S. N , Kumar Vimal
Published: August 2017

The power producers in Indian electricity market face risks pertaining to real time frequency deviation and spot price volatility. An increase in real time demand lowers the system frequency. This forces the producers to draw unscheduled interchange (UI) power by paying a penalty, known as availability based tariff (ABT). The paper proposes a novel framework for optimal portfolio strategy selection of a power producer using uncertainty of frequency deviation and spot electricity market. Mean variance portfolio theory is used to model the stochastic optimization problem. In Stage 1, the operational ABT uncertainty structure is modeled and optimization is performed to determine optimal portfolio allocation, considering spot market and bilateral contract as available trading options. In stage 2, optimal involvement of options to hedge the cost side risk of unscheduled power interchange (UPI) is studied. Spot price volatility is introduced during hedging analysis and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) technique is used to forecast the spot price range. A stochastic pseudo inspired particle swarm optimization (PIPSO) technique is proposed for enhanced profit-risk tradeoff. The model reflects that, spot and option trading could offer high risk protection vis-à-vis bilateral contract and can predominantly help in managing frequency penalty risk.
Power Smoothing Control of PMSG Based Wind Generation Using Supercapacitor Energy Storage System
Authors: Worku Muhammed Y.
Published: August 2017

This paper proposes an efficient power smoothing control strategy for variable speed grid connected permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind turbine generator (WTG) with supercapacitor energy storage system (SCESS). As WTG installations are increasing, these systems generate a fluctuated output power as a result of varying wind speed and need to have a power smoothing capability to have a smooth output power profile. The optimal size of the SCESS is determined and a controller is proposed and implemented to continuously charge and discharge the SCESS to achieve its objectives. The SCESS is exploited to minimize the short term fluctuation to have a smooth power profile during normal operation. A bi-directional buck boost converter is used to integrate the SCESS with the system. Two back to back connected three level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) converters are used for the power conversion. The control strategy and the system model have been developed for the NPCs, the buck boost converter and the variable speed WTG system. The Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) based results conducted on 2 MW/4 kV PMSG verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed controller.
High Speed Method for CCT Estimation: Fundamental, Implemention and Application in Real-Time Simulation
Authors: Zareian Jahromi Mehdi , Montaser Kouhsari Shahram
Published: August 2017

This paper proposes a hybrid method based on corrected kinetic energy to determine the critical clearing time. The proposed method structure has been implemented utilizing network preserving model to take details of power systems into consideration. To implement proposed method, the initial critical point is estimated using new concept of equal area criterion. Critical corrected kinetic energy is obtained using method which determines the amount of severity of generator contribution in a fault scenario. Due to the latter, the behavior of AVR and governor are taken into account. From initial and corrected kinetic energy of generators and consequently system, high precision critical clearing time is calculated. In order to validate the proposed method, some comprehensive case studies have been conducted on the IEEE9-bus, IEEE39-bus and IEEE68-bus test systems. Some comprehensiveness in considering the details, simplicity in implementation and low computational cost are the outstanding features of the proposed approach. Also, simulation results approve that the proposed approach can be used in real-time application without loss of any detail in transient stability assessment.
Fusion Algorithm of Multi-focus Images with Weighted Ratios and Weighted Gradient Based on Wavelet Transform
Authors: Chen Wei-bin , Hu Mingxiao , Zhou Lai , Gu Hongbin , Zhang Xin
Published: August 2017

Multi-focus image fusion means fusing a completely clear image with a set of images of the same scene and under the same imaging conditions with different focus points. In order to get a clear image that contains all relevant objects in an area, the multi-focus image fusion algorithm is proposed based on wavelet transform. Firstly, the multi-focus images were decomposed by wavelet transform. Secondly, the wavelet coefficients of the approximant and detail sub-images are fused respectively based on the fusion rule. Finally, the fused image was obtained by using the inverse wavelet transform. Among them, for the low-frequency and high-frequency coefficients, we present a fusion rule based on the weighted ratios and the weighted gradient with the improved edge detection operator. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed algorithm is effective for retaining the detailed images.
Fractional vector calculus and fluid mechanics
Authors: Lazopoulos Konstantinos A. , Lazopoulos Anastasios K.
Published: August 2017

Basic fluid mechanics equations are studied and revised under the prism of fractional continuum mechanics (FCM), a very promising research field that satisfies both experimental and theoretical demands. The geometry of the fractional differential has been clarified corrected and the geometry of the fractional tangent spaces of a manifold has been studied in Lazopoulos and Lazopoulos (Lazopoulos KA, Lazopoulos AK. Progr. Fract. Differ. Appl. 2016, 2, 85–104), providing the bases of the missing fractional differential geometry. Therefore, a lot can be contributed to fractional hydrodynamics: the basic fractional fluid equations (Navier Stokes, Euler and Bernoulli) are derived and fractional Darcy’s flow in porous media is studied.
Perinatal outcomes after previable preterm premature rupture of membranes before 24 weeks of gestation
Authors: Kiver Verena , Boos Vinzenz , Thomas Anke , Henrich Wolfgang , Weichert Alexander
Published: August 2017

Objective:

A current descriptive assessment of perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by previable preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPPROM) at <24 weeks of gestation, after expectant treatment.

Study design:

Maternal and short-term neonatal data were collected for patients with pPPROM.

Results:

Seventy-three patients with 93 fetuses were hospitalized with pPPROM at 15–24 weeks’ gestation. Among these patients, 27.4% (n=20) chose pregnancy termination, 27.4% (n=20) miscarried and 45.2% (n=33) proceeded to live births. After a median latency period of 38 days, ranging from 1 to 126 days, 24 singletons and 20 multiples were live-born, of whom 79.5% (n=35) survived the perinatal period. The main neonatal sequelae were pulmonary hypoplasia (29.5%; n=13), connatal infection (56.8%; n=25), intraventricular hemorrhage (25%; n=11; resulting in five neonatal deaths) and Potter’s syndrome (15.9%; n=7). Nine newborns died, within an average of 2.8 days (range, 1–10 days). The overall neonatal survival rate was 51.5% – including miscarriages but not elective terminations. The intact survival rate was 45.5% of all live-born neonates.

Conclusions:

Even with limited treatment options, overall neonatal survival is increasing. However, neonatal mortality and morbidity rates remain high. The gestational age at membrane rupture does not predict neonatal outcome.
Start-Up and Acceleration Profile for Protected Left-Turn Vehicles at Signalized Intersections
Authors: Chen Yixin , He Yulong , Sun Xiaoduan
Published: August 2017

The law of start-up, acceleration profile and leave-out for queuing vehicles at signal intersections is a fundamental question for the queuing theory, traffic simulation and etc in traffic engineering. This paper investigates the vehicular flow at two protected left-turns by video cameras installed at signal intersections, and checks the accuracy of speed processing software. Based on the statistical analysis and the method of curve fitting, the research team establishes the model of start-up and speed-time profile for the queuing vehicles in the protected left-turns at signal intersections. Then the leave-out time of vehicles is calculated based on the established formulas in these models, which is consistent with the observed leave-out time of vehicles by the video. The developed models proved to be accurate. The paper concludes that the queuing vehicles follow by a linear start after the green light, and the speed-time profile indicates an “S” shape from vehicles starting to reach the stable saturation flow. The speed and the queue sequence of first vehicle of saturation flow are different at different intersections, but the law of start-up of vehicles is the same: The same reaction time for the first vehicle and the same linear start-time interval for the adjacent vehicle in the queue. The relationship of leave-out time and the queue sequence of vehicle is nonlinear before the saturation flow. According to the models developed in this paper, the queue sequence of first vehicle of saturation flow and the law of leave-out time of vehicles can be calculated accurately, which is the fundamental for the queuing theory and the traffic simulation.
Construction and Practice of the Optimal Smooth Semi-Supervised Support Vector Machine
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Li Ang , Ran Pan
Published: August 2017

The standard semi-supervised support vector machine (S3VM) is an unconstrained optimization problem of non-convex and non-smooth, so many smooth methods are applied for smoothing S3VM. In this paper, a new smooth semi-supervised support vector machine (SS3VM) model , which is based on the biquadratic spline function, is proposed. And, a hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GA)/ SS3VM approach is presented to optimize the parameters of the model. The numerical experiments are performed to test the efficiency of the model. Experimental results show that generally our optimal SS3VM model outperforms other optimal SS3VM models mentioned in this paper.
Generating Behavior in the University-Industry Collaboration Network: Based on the Configuration of Motifs
Authors: Zhou Wen , Chen Wei , Wang Zhanzhao , Ma Yonghong
Published: August 2017

University-industry collaboration networks consist of heterogeneous subjects; in fact, the interactions among these subjects lead to the emergence of the complex characteristics of university-industry collaboration networks and even to the emergence of the networks themselves. Thus, understanding the behavior that generates university-industry collaboration networks is essential to their construction and optimization. To more fully comprehend this generating behavior, we considered a university-industry collaboration network in the ocean energy industry in China as a case study. Employing the motif analysis method, we analyze the network’s generating behavior from four perspectives: motif characteristics, motif classification, motif combination and motif clustering. Furthermore, we explore agents’ modes of adaptive collaboration — and the causes of such collaborations — and summarize the characteristics and modes of networks’ generating behavior. The results indicate that universities and industries tend to form highly stable and close cooperative relationships. The constraints of the network’s generating behavior — which influences the subjects’ interactions through relational and structural embeddedness — include asymmetric information, resource and cost constraints, risk aversion and geographical constraints. Our research presents the benefits of using the motif analysis method to study the network’s generating behavior and its implications in constructing and optimizing a university-industry collaboration network.
Austempering and Boro-Austempering Treatments in Gray Cast Iron
Authors: Mariani Fábio Edson , Bortoluci de Assis Gustavo , Casteletti Luiz Carlos , Neto Amadeu Lombardi , Totten George Edward
Published: August 2017

Austempering heat treatment of gray cast iron can significantly improve its mechanical properties. In addition, increasing its surface hardness by means of thermochemical treatments such as boriding can further extend its range of use. In this work, gray cast iron samples with the composition 3.6 % C - 2.1 % Si - 0.43 % Mn - 0.26 % Cr - bal Fe were subjected to austempering treatment using austenitizing at 900°C, with subsequent cooling using austempering salt baths at temperatures of 240°C, 300°C, and 360°C for 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours with subsequent cooling in air. Another set of samples was subjected to boro-austempering treatments, which consisted of boriding at 950°C for 2 to 4 hours in molten borax and followed by cooling in salt baths at temperatures of 240°C, 300°C, and 360°C for 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours, with subsequent air cooling. This approach avoids the need for further heating the work piece to perform the austempering treatment. Subsequently, the samples were characterized for micro-hardness and adhesive wear behavior. The austempering treatment significantly increased material performance, and the boro-austempering treatment further improved its properties.
Failure to Comply: Madness and/as Testimony
Authors: Morrigan Clementine
Published: August 2017

Self-harm, suicide attempts, disordered eating, addiction, and other forms of “acting out” are associated with the trauma of surviving violence. While these behaviours are pathologized as symptoms of mental illness, they can be understood, instead, as strategies of resistance against violence. When violence is ignored or normalized, the “acting out” associated with trauma can be a means of sounding an alarm that something is very wrong. This “acting out” can be understood as an embodied form of testimony. When direct resistance to violence, such as fighting back or escaping, is thwarted or impossible, traumatic “acting out” can be a way to draw attention to and resist violence. Psychiatry, instead of answering the call of trauma by addressing the underlying violence, works to silence that call. Through incarceration, sexual violence, enforced isolation, restricted motion, threats, coercive drugging, gaslighting, and other abusive tactics, psychiatry works to undermine the embodied testimony of trauma by producing compliance. The source of the problem is shifted from the original violence and located instead in the body of the traumatized person. Successful treatment is understood as the reduction or elimination of the very “symptoms” which are in reality acts of resistance to violence. Therefore, successful treatment essentially means submission. The carceral space of psychiatry continues the work of producing compliance even after the patient has left its enclosures, extending the space of the psych ward into the everyday lives of psychiatric survivors.
Escaping “The Organism, Signifiance, and Subjectification” in the Recounting Huronia Project
Authors: Fancy David
Published: August 2017

Describing creative activity undertaken by researchers and co-researcher survivors in the context of the Recounting Huronia project, this paper extends existing literature on Deleuze & Guattari and disability arts by exploring how artistic activity provides opportunities for escape from the constraints of what Deleuze and Guattari (1987) describe as the three central strategies by which restrictive systems capture bodies, namely the stratifications of “the organism, signifiance, and subjectification.” Examined in this paper are the specific ways in which one survivor’s involvement in storybook making, poetry, and performance lead to the bundle “percepts” and “affects” in such a way as to generate what Deleuze and Guattari (1994) describe as artistic “monuments.” Far from being constituted by fixities, such monuments provide key pathways for potentially liberatory disarticulations of the restrictive organism, for experimentation in the face of limiting signifiance, and new individuations beyond institutionally coded subjectifications.
Soundfull: A Wall Speaks, A Door Shakes, A Floor Trembles
Authors: Hlady Marla , Migone Christof
Published: August 2017

What if you could use your voice to move the room you are standing in? What if your voice could crumble down walls? When the researchers of Recounting Huronia invited us to conceive of a participatory, sited sound work in the Huronia Regional Centre for the last three days of public tours October 16-18, 2014, we devised a purpose-built mobile sound-amplifying cart. It functioned as the nerve center for a solitary stereo microphone feeding an array of speakers spread over five rooms that formally constituted the first-aid nursing station of the Centre’s B- Wing. With this instrument we were able to amplify the resonances, physical and beyond, of the institution. In other words, by deploying this instrument we intended to both convey its architecture and conjure its past.
Így kezeljük az autológ őssejt-transzplantáció után kiújult Hodgkin-lymphomát
Authors: Illés Árpád , Simon Zsófia , Udvardy Miklós , Magyari Ferenc , Jóna Ádám , Miltényi Zsófia
Published: August 2017

Abstract:

Approximately 10–30% of Hodgkin lymphoma patients relapses or experience refractory disease after first line treatment. Nowadays, autologous stem cell transplantation can successfully salvage half of these patients, median overall survival is only 2–2.5 years. Several prognostic factors determine success of autologous stem cell transplantation. Result of transplantation can be improved considering these factors and using consolidation treatment, if necessary. Patients who relapse after autologous transplantation had worse prognosis, treatment of this patient population is unmet clinical need. Several new treatment options became available in the recent years (brentuximab vedotin and immuncheckpoint inhibitors). These new treatment options offer more chance for cure in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin patients. Outcome of allogenic stem cell transplantation can be improved by using haploidentical donors. New therapeutic options will be discussed in this review. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(34): 1338–1345.
A SHOX géndeletio előfordulása idiopáthiás alacsonynövésben. Multicentrikus tanulmány
Authors: Dávid Anna , Butz Henriett , Halász Zita , Török Dóra , Nyirő Gábor , Muzsnai Ágota , Csákváry Violetta , Luczay Andrea , Sallai Ágnes , Hosszú Éva , Felszeghy Enikő , Tar Attila , Szántó Zsuzsanna , Fekete Gy. László , Kun Imre , Patócs Attila , Bertalan Rita
Published: August 2017

Abstract:

Introduction: The isolated haploinsufficiency of the SHOX gene is one of the most common cause of short stature determined by monogenic mutations. The heterozygous deviation of the gene can be detected in 2–15% of patients with idiopathic short stature (ISS), in 50–90% of patients with Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis syndrome (LWS), and in almost 100% of patients with Turner syndrome. Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the frequency of SHOX gene haploinsufficiency in children with ISS, LWS and in patients having Turner syndrome phenotype (TF), but normal karyotype, and to identify the dysmorphic signs characteristic for SHOX gene deficiency. Method: A total of 144 patients were included in the study. Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) method was used to identify the SHOX gene haploinsufficiency. The relationships between clinical data (axiological parameters, skeletal disorders, dysmorphic signs) and genotype were analyzed by statistical methods. Results: 11 (7.6%) of the 144 patients showed SHOX gene deficiency with female dominance (8/11, 81% female). The SHOX positive patients had a significantly higher BMI (in 5/11 vs. 20/133 cases, p<0.02) and presented more frequent dysmorphic signs (9/11vs 62/133, p = 0.02). Madelung deformity of the upper limbs was also significantly more frequent among the SHOX positive patients (4/11, i.e. 36%, vs. 14/133, i.e. 10%, p = 0.0066). There were no statistically significant differences between the mean age, mean height and auxological measurements (sitting height/height, arm span/height) between the two groups of patients. Conclusions: The occurrence of SHOX gene haploinsufficiency observed in our population corresponds to the literature data. In SHOX positive patients, in addition to short stature, the dysmorphic signs have a positive predictive value for SHOX gene alterations. However, the SHOX deletion detected in a patient with idiopathic short stature without dysmorphic signs suggest that SHOX deletion analysis can be recommended in patients with ISS. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(34): 1351–1356.
Micromortevida Severina? A comunicação preemptiva dos riscos
Authors: Castiel Luis David , Vasconcellos-Silva Paulo Roberto , Moraes Danielle Ribeiro de
Published: August 2017

Resumo: Este ensaio problematiza a abordagem dominante da comunicação dos riscos em saúde. Para isso, acessa e toma para análise conteúdos provenientes tanto de autores que se apresentam como especialistas na área de comunicação de riscos quanto de sequências de mídia audiovisual de amplo acesso. Enquanto parece se configurar uma área de mediação entre expertos e leigos, potencial geradora de inovação tecnológica e de mercadorias passíveis de serem consumidas, a comunicação de riscos em saúde ocupa um lugar biopolítico de reforço da culpabilização dos indivíduos e de propostas individualizantes de evitação dos riscos. O apagamento dos contextos em que ocorrem as exposições ao risco alimenta e é alimentado pela conjuntura neoliberal em que vivemos. Além das tentativas de mediação que são muitas vezes problemáticas, a perspectiva de gestão racional e individual dos riscos, por mais aparelhada por tecnologias inovadoras, não minimiza a precariedade contextual em que ocorre a produção dos riscos sanitários. Paradoxalmente, a crença na gestão dos riscos, presente na abordagem dominante da comunicação dos riscos em saúde, acaba por produzir moralização, ansiedade e mal-estar.
La percepción del colectivo médico sobre la gestión del proceso de desvinculación
Authors: Monreal-Bosch Pilar , Perera Santiago , González Maite Martínez , Selva Clara
Published: August 2017

Resumen: El concepto y el proceso de desvinculación están evolucionando rápidamente. El objetivo del artículo es conocer las percepciones de los profesionales de la medicina de Cataluña (España) sobre el proceso de desvinculación e identificar estrategias y configurar propuestas que permitan un ajuste más satisfactorio. Mediante una aproximación cualitativa, se han realizado 16 entrevistas en profundidad a personas clave del contexto sanitario (fase 1) y 6 grupos focales a 72 personas, atendiendo a criterios muestrales (fase 2). El análisis es interpretacional, siguiendo los supuestos de la Grounded Theory. La comparación y triangulación constante de los resultados generados por las diferentes técnicas e investigadores muestra la representación social que tiene la organización sanitaria actual, inmersa en el nuevo modelo de gestión pública, sobre el colectivo médico y su proceso de desvinculación. En este sentido, la jubilación es vista como un tema personal y ajeno a las políticas de recursos humanos, más interesadas en rejuvenecer plantillas con un “coste” menor. Ante esta situación se proponen alternativas que valoren la pericia y experiencia del médico antes de desvincularse de la organización sanitaria.
Infecção latente por tuberculose entre pessoas com HIV/AIDS, fatores associados e progressão para doença ativa em município no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Santos Danielle Talita dos , Garcia Maria Concebida , Costa Arlete Alves Nunes Fragoso da , Pieri Flávia Meneguetti , Meier Denise Andrade Pereira , Albanese Silvia Paulino Ribeiro , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Dessunti Elma Mathias
Published: August 2017

Resumo: Propôs-se levantar a prevalência de infecção latente por tuberculose (ILTB) entre pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHA), fatores associados e se entre os casos identificados houve progressão para tuberculose ativa. Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico e descritivo. A população foi composta de PVHA, atendidas entre 2003 e 2014 em um centro de referência para HIV/AIDS. Os dados foram coletados com base em prontuários e fichas do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Procedeu-se à estatística bivariada, com aplicação do teste qui-quadrado, em que as variáveis com valores de p < 0,2 foram selecionadas para entrar no modelo de regressão múltipla. Foi fixado em todos os testes o erro tipo I em 5% (p < 0,05). No estudo, 690 casos foram analisados, sendo que 66 (9,4%) apresentaram o diagnóstico de ILTB, tendo uma prevalência de 7,5 casos para cada 100 pacientes. Dos 53 (80,3%) casos de ILTB que tiveram o tratamento indicado com isoniazida, apenas 26 (39,4%) concluíram e 10 (15,1%) abandonaram. Observou-se que as variáveis sexo masculino (OR ajustado = 1,8; IC95%: 1,1-3,3), situação prisional (OR ajustado = 7,6; IC95%: 2,35-24,9) e contagem de linfócitos mais altos são fatores associados ao diagnóstico de ILTB (OR ajustado = 1,1; IC95%: 1,1-1,2). Verificou-se que 47 (6,7%) dos casos de ILTB progrediram para TB ativa. O diagnóstico e o tratamento de ILTB nas PVHA não foram priorizados, o que contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de doença ativa entre os casos. O trabalho contribuiu para o avanço do conhecimento acerca da ILTB entre PVHA, demonstrando aspectos cruciais no que tange ao manejo de PVHA e ainda a importância da detecção da ILTB e a instituição precoce da isoniazida, visando à melhor qualidade de vida e prognóstico das PVHA.
Preferências para o trabalho na atenção primária por estudantes de medicina em Minas Gerais, Brasil: evidências de um experimento de preferência declarada
Authors: Girardi Sabado Nicolau , Carvalho Cristiana Leite , Maas Lucas Wan Der , Araujo Jackson Freire , Massote Alice Werneck , Stralen Ana Cristina de Sousa van , Souza Osmar Ambrósio de
Published: August 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados da aplicação de um experimento de preferência declarada (DCE - discrete choice experiment) realizado em 2012 com 277 estudantes do último ano dos cursos de medicina do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. O experimento permitiu investigar as preferências dos estudantes sobre o trabalho futuro como médicos na atenção primária à saúde, com base em de cenários de emprego hipotéticos que visavam aferir a probabilidade de deslocamento para áreas com escassez de médicos. A aplicação do DCE envolveu (i) uma etapa qualitativa para definição dos atributos e seus respectivos níveis que comporiam os cenários de emprego, (ii) uma etapa de construção e aplicação do instrumento e (iii) uma etapa de análise com a aplicação de logit multinomial de probabilidade condicional para estimativa dos pesos de cada atributo e construção de cenários de probabilidade de escolha. Os resultados apontaram que o atributo do emprego que mais impactou a escolha dos respondentes foi o de localização do trabalho, seguido por condições de trabalho, remuneração, acesso à residência médica, tipo de vínculo e carga de trabalho. Constatou-se que os entrevistados de faculdades privadas, com maior renda familiar e do sexo feminino, em geral, têm maior resistência para deslocar-se para as regiões urbanas inseguras e áreas remotas do interior. Os cenários de emprego que se mostraram mais plausíveis em termos de intervenção pública foram aqueles que combinavam os salários de valores intermediários, boas condições de trabalho e obtenção de 10 a 20 pontos adicionais nos exames de residência médica.
Health transition in Brazil: regional variations and divergence/convergence in mortality
Authors: Borges Gabriel Mendes
Published: August 2017

Abstract: This study analyzes the main characteristics of the health transition in Brazil and its five major regions, using a framework that accounts for regional inequalities in mortality trends. The regional mortality divergence/convergence process is described and discussed by considering the specific contributions of age groups and causes of death in life expectancy variations. Results show that mortality change in Brazil has follow the epidemiologic transition theory to some extent during the period under analysis - for instance, the sharp decline in infant mortality in all regions (first from infectious and parasitic diseases and then from causes associated with the perinatal period) and the increase in the participation of chronic and degenerative diseases as the main cause of death. However, some features of Brazilian transition have not followed the linear and unidirectional pattern proposed by the epidemiologic transition theory, which helps to understand the periods of regional divergence in life expectancy, despite the long-term trends showing reducing regional inequalities. The emergence of HIV/AIDS, the persistence of relatively high levels of other infections and parasitic diseases, the regional differences in the unexpected mortality improvements from cardiovascular diseases, and the rapid and strong variations in mortality from external causes are some of the examples.
ESTRUTURA DO DOSSEL E CARACTERÍSTICAS DE PERFILHOS EM PASTOS DE CAPIM-PIATÃ MANEJADOS COM DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO E PERÍODOS DE DIFERIMENTO VARIÁVEIS
Authors: Santos Manoel Eduardo Rozalino , Sousa Braulio Maia de Lana , Rocha Gabriel de Oliveira , Freitas Cássia Aparecida Soares , Silveira Márcia Cristina Teixeira da , Sousa Diogo Olímpio Chaves de
Published: August 2017

Resumo Este trabalho foi desenvolvido de 25 de fevereiro a 01 de julho de 2012 para recomendar a(s) dose(s) de nitrogênio e o(s) período(s) de diferimento que resultam em pastos diferidos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã (capim-piatã) com características estruturais adequadas ao consumo animal. Foram avaliadas combinações entre períodos de diferimento e condições de adubação nitrogenada. Os períodos de diferimento foram longo (127 dias) e curto (79 dias). As doses de nitrogênio foram de 0, 40, 80 e 120 kg/ha. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. O índice de área foliar (IAF) e a interceptação luminosa (IL) aumentaram com a aplicação de nitrogênio. Na ausência ou dose pequena de nitrogênio, o pasto diferido por curto período apresentou IAF e IL inferiores ao manejado com longo período de diferimento. A dose de nitrogênio só influenciou a densidade de perfilhos basais vegetativos. O menor período de diferimento resultou em maiores números de perfilhos basais e aéreos vegetativos, assim como número inferior de perfilho basal reprodutivo. O nitrogênio aumentou o comprimento da lâmina foliar e do colmo do perfilho vegetativo. Longo período de diferimento resultou em colmo e lâmina foliar mais compridos e maior número de folhas mortas. O capim-piatã pode ser diferido por 80 dias, com aplicação de 80 kg/ha de nitrogênio no início do período de diferimento.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE Helicobacter spp. EM MUCOSAS GÁSTRICA E DUODENAL DE CÃES (Canis familiaris) UTILIZANDO A TÉCNICA DE WARTHIN-STARRY
Authors: Kuszkowski Fernanda Silva , Silva Fernando Soares da , Miranda Neli Branco de , Silva Tiffany Christiny Emmerich da , Lucioli Joelma
Published: August 2017

Resumo Bactérias do gênero Helicobacter spp. têm sido identificadas na mucosa gástrica de diferentes espécies de mamíferos, inclusive em caninos. Pacientes infectados têm gastrite histológica; no entanto, não são todos os portadores que apresentam sinais clínicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as bactérias sugestivas de Helicobacter spp. pela impregnação pela prata e caracterizar as lesões histopatológicas observadas. Foram analisadas amostras de mucosas gástrica e entérica de 26 caninos. Para avaliação histopatológica, foi realizada avaliação qualitativa, na qual foram atribuídos escores de ausente (-) a acentuada (+++), considerando a densidade de bactérias espiraladas por campo (400x), presença de células inflamatórias e aglomerados linfoides. Dos 26 animais avaliados, 34,6% apresentaram positividade para helicobacteriose. A gastrite foi observada em 15,38% dos animais e a maior ocorrência de bactérias do gênero Helicobacter spp. foi observada em região de corpo/fundo gástrico (23%). Em nove amostras, seis de corpo/fundo gástrico e três de antro pilórico, foram observados aglomerados linfóides associados a Helicobacter spp. Por meio de Teste de Fisher, verificou-se associação positiva entre a presença de Helicobacter spp. e agregados linfoides (p<0,001). A infecção por Helicobacter spp. está associada com a presença de aglomerados linfóides em caninos.
ASSOCIATED POSTERIOR PELVIC INJURY PATTERNS IN TRANSVERSE-ORIENTED ACETABULAR FRACTURE
Authors: Selek Ozgur , Baran Tuncay , Gok Umit , Ceylan Halil , Sarlak Ahmet Yilmaz
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: Our study analyzed the incidence of posterior pelvic injury patterns and their influence on the surgical treatment of transverse-oriented acetabular fractures . Methods: Fifty-one transverse-oriented acetabular fracture cases admitted between 1999 and 2013 were evaluated retrospectively. Comparative studies were performed for groups organized by acetabular fracture type, degree of sacroiliac separation, and postoperative reduction quality . Results: Associated posterior pelvic injuries were found in 34 (66.7%) of the 51 patients. There were 32 sacroiliac separations in the 34 patients with associated posterior pelvic injury, and ipsilateral sacroiliac separations were more frequent in this subgroup. Measurements guided by computerized tomography showed that 16 sacroiliac separations were ≤0.5 cm (mean=0.43±0.14 cm), 10 were 0.5-1 cm (mean=0.73±0.17 cm), and the remaining 6 were >1 cm (mean=1.55±0.15 cm). In the group of 34 patients with associated posterior pelvic injury, acetabular reduction was anatomic in 19 (55.9%) patients, imperfect in 10 (29.4%) patients, and poor in 5 (14.7%) patients. For isolated acetabular fractures, reduction rates were as follows: 12 (70.6%) anatomic, 3 (17.6%) imperfect, and 2 (11.8%) poor. The rate of anatomic reduction was significantly higher when sacroiliac separation was ≤0.5 cm (p=0.027) . Conclusion: Associated posterior pelvic injuries, especially ipsilateral sacroiliac joint separation, accompany most transverse-oriented acetabular fractures and may influence the quality of acetabular reduction. Level of Evidence III, Therapeutic Studies Investigating the Results of Treatment.
POSTURAL CONTROL ASSESSMENT IN PHYSICALLY ACTIVE AND SEDENTARY INDIVIDUALS WITH PARAPLEGIA
Authors: Magnani Paola Errera , Cliquet Junior Alberto , Abreu Daniela Cristina Carvalho de
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate functional independence and trunk control during maximum-range tasks in individuals with spinal cord injuries, who were divided into sedentary (SSI, n=10) and physically active (PASI, n=10) groups . Methods: Anamnesis was conducted and level and type of injury were identified (according to the American Spinal Injury Association protocol, ASIA) and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) questionnaire was applied. For the forward and lateral reach task, the subjects were instructed to reach as far as possible. Mean data were compared using the unpaired t test and Mann-Whitney test and differences were considered significant when p<0.05 . Results: The PASI group performed better in self-care activities (PASI: 40.8±0.42 points, SSI: 38.0±3.58 points, p=0.01), sphincter control (PASI: 10.5±1.84 points, SSI: 8.2±3.04 points, p=0.02), transfers (PASI: 20.7±0.48 points, SSI: 16.9±4.27 points, p=0.04), and total FIM score (PASI: 104.0±2.30 points, SSI 105.1±8.56 points, p=0.01). On the maximum reach task, the PASI group had a greater average range in all directions evaluated (p<0.05) . Conclusion: The continuous practice of exercise increased motor function independence and trunk control in individuals with complete spinal cord injury. Level of Evidence II, Prospective Comparative Study.
Diversity of ants and mites in the diet of the Brazilian frog Chiasmocleis leucosticta (Anura: Microhylidae)
Authors: Lopes Mariana S. , Bovendorp Ricardo S. , Moraes Gilberto José de , Percequillo Alexandre Reis , Bertoluci Jaime
Published: August 2017

Abstract We describe here the diet of the microhylid frog Chiasmocleis leucosticta based on the stomach contents of 72 individuals (47 males and 25 females) collected in pitfall traps at the Reserva Florestal de Morro Grande, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. We identified 1,981 food items distributed in 13 prey categories of arthropods, mainly ants, mites and collembolans. Formicidae was the most abundant and frequent prey category, including 16 genera from seven subfamilies, and data on ant availability in the habitat suggest that C. leucosticta selects ants actively. The second main prey category was Acari, predominantly represented by mites of the suborder Oribatida. This is the first work identifying mites to the family level in the diet of a Microhylidae. There was no statistical difference between males and females regarding diet composition.
Influence of caries risk on the retention of a resin-modified glass ionomer used as occlusal sealant: a clinical trial
Authors: TAGLIAFERRO Elaine Pereira da Silva , PARDI Vanessa , AMBROSANO Gláucia Maria Bovi , MENEGHIM Marcelo de Castro , PASCHOAL Marco Aurelio Benini , CORDEIRO Rita de Cássia Loiola , PEREIRA Antonio Carlos
Published: August 2017

Abstract Introduction Little is known whether caries risk influence occlusal sealants retention. Objective To determine the retention rates (RR) of the resin-modified glass ionomer cement used as occlusal sealant in permanent first molars of 6-8-year old schoolchildren and to analyze the influence of caries risk at baseline on the RR of the sealant, over a 24-month period. Material and method The sealant application was performed in a dental office at the beginning of the study, after children being allocated into high caries risk group (HR) and low caries risk group (LR). The examinations were performed by the same calibrated dentist at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Retention rates were estimated, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival probabilities; and the comparison between HR and LR groups was evaluated by Wilcoxon and log-rank test. Result The results showed that 14% of sealed teeth showed total loss (16% for HR and 12% for LR) and 46% showed partial loss during the study (51% for HR and 41% for LR), in relation to the baseline sample. No difference could be demonstrated by the survival analysis between HR and LR groups (p>0.05). Conclusion Caries risk did not influence the retention rates of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement used as occlusal sealant in 6-8-year old schoolchildren.
Air pollution and low birth weight in an industrialized city in Southeastern Brazil, 2003-2006
Authors: Reis Marcelo Moreno dos , Guimarães Mariana Tavares , Braga Alfésio Luís Ferreira , Martins Lourdes Conceição , Pereira Luiz Alberto Amador
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Birth weight is an important indicator of several conditions that manifest earlier (as fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, inhibited growth and cognitive development) and later in life such as chronic diseases. Air pollution has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Objective: Retrospective cohort study investigated the association between low birth weight (LBW) and maternal exposure to air pollutants in Volta Redonda city, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 2003 to 2006. Methods: Birth data was obtained from Brazilian Information System. Exposure information (O3, PM10, temperature and humidity) was provided by Governmental Air Quality Monitoring System. Linear and Logistic models, adjusted for sex, type of pregnancy, prenatal care, place of birth, maternal age, parity, education, congenital anomalies and weather variables were employed. Results: Low birth weight (LBW) represented 9.1% of all newborns (13,660). For an interquartile range increase in PM10 it was found OR2 ndTrimester = 1.06 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.10), OR3 rdTrimester = 1.06 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.10) and, in O3 it was found OR2 ndTrimester = 1.03 (95%CI 1.01 - 1.04), OR3 rdTrimester = 1.03 (95%CI 1.02 - 1.04). The dose-response relationship and a reduction in birth weight of 31.11 g (95%CI -56.64 - -5.58) was observed in the third trimester of pregnancy due to an interquartile increase of O3. Conclusion: This study suggests that exposures to PM10 and O3, even being below the Brazilian air quality standards, contribute to risks of low birth weight.
Satisfaction with mental health community services among patients’ relatives
Authors: Kantorski Luciane Prado , Jardim Vanda Maria da Rosa , Treichel Carlos Alberto dos Santos , Demarco Daiane Aquino , Neutzling Aline dos Santos , Oliveira Michele Mandagará de , Coimbra Valéria Cristina Chirstello
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT: Objective: This study aims to assess the satisfaction of family members of patients of mental health community services through a tested, validated and previously applied scale in order to allow comparison of results. Methods: The results were obtained by applying the scale SATIS-BR to 1242 relatives of patients of 40 mental health community services in Brazil. The average scores of the three subscales of the SATIS-BR scale were compared using the Wilcoxon test. To measure statistical significance for each item of the scale, the Friedman test was applied, considering significant p-value < 0.05. Results: The average overall satisfaction score was 4.35 with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.44, with a range varying from 1 to 5. The subscale with the highest score refers to the “Results of Treatment”, what presents scores of 4.54 with SD of 0.66. As for the other subscales, which refer to “Reception and Staff Competence” and “Service Privacy and Confidentiality” had scores of 4.25 (SD: 0.51) and 4.17 (SD: 0.51). Conclusion: The high level of satisfaction with the service among families of patients highlights the potential of these services and their contribution to the advance of a model of mental health community care, as it seems to be the global trend. The different results between the scales further suggest that the family distinguishes different aspects of the service and evaluates separately, providing a good reference for evaluation studies.