bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Large Language Models for Automated Reporting and Data Systems Categorization: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Qingxia , Wu Qingxia , Li Huali , Wang Yan , Bai Yan , Wu Yaping , Yu Xuan , Li Xiaodong , Dong Pei , Xue Jon , Shen Dinggang , Wang Meiyun
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Large language models show promise for improving radiology workflows, but their performance on structured radiological tasks such as Reporting and Data Systems (RADS) categorization remains unexplored.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate 3 large language model chatbots—Claude-2, GPT-3.5, and GPT-4—on assigning RADS categories to radiology reports and assess the impact of different prompting strategies.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study compared 3 chatbots using 30 radiology reports (10 per RADS criteria), using a 3-level prompting strategy: zero-shot, few-shot, and guideline PDF-informed prompts. The cases were grounded in Liver Imaging Reporting & Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018, Lung CT (computed tomography) Screening Reporting & Data System (Lung-RADS) version 2022, and Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting & Data System (O-RADS) magnetic resonance imaging, meticulously prepared by board-certified radiologists. Each report underwent 6 assessments. Two blinded reviewers assessed the chatbots’ response at patient-level RADS categorization and overall ratings. The agreement across repetitions was assessed using Fleiss κ.

RESULTS

Claude-2 achieved the highest accuracy in overall ratings with few-shot prompts and guideline PDFs (prompt-2), attaining 57% (17/30) average accuracy over 6 runs and 50% (15/30) accuracy with k-pass voting. Without prompt engineering, all chatbots performed poorly. The introduction of a structured exemplar prompt (prompt-1) increased the accuracy of overall ratings for all chatbots. Providing prompt-2 further improved Claude-2’s performance, an enhancement not replicated by GPT-4. The interrun agreement was substantial for Claude-2 (k=0.66 for overall rating and k=0.69 for RADS categorization), fair for GPT-4 (k=0.39 for both), and fair for GPT-3.5 (k=0.21 for overall rating and k=0.39 for RADS categorization). All chatbots showed significantly higher accuracy with LI-RADS version 2018 than with Lung-RADS version 2022 and O-RADS (P<.05); with prompt-2, Claude-2 achieved the highest overall rating accuracy of 75% (45/60) in LI-RADS version 2018.

CONCLUSIONS

When equipped with structured prompts and guideline PDFs, Claude-2 demonstrated potential in assigning RADS categories to radiology cases according to established criteria such as LI-RADS version 2018. However, the current generation of chatbots lags in accurately categorizing cases based on more recent RADS criteria.
COVID-19 Pandemic-related Racism and Mental Health among Asian Americans: An Integrative Review (Preprint)
Authors: Von Visger Tania , Lyons Amy , Zhou Yanjun , Wardlaw Kayla , Park Eunhee , Chang Yu-Ping
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Background: Racism against Asian Americans (AAs) escalated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The degree of impact racism has on mental health and wellness among Asian Americans requires investigation, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

Background: Racism against Asian Americans (AAs) escalated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The degree of impact racism has on mental health and wellness among Asian Americans requires investigation, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Methods: We conducted an integrative review of peer-reviewed publications in English reporting anti-Asian sentiments and racism’s impacts on mental health among Asian Americans in the US.

RESULTS

Results: The 28 eligible articles utilized cross-sectional survey designs with various sample sizes. Racism is directly correlated with the prevalence of depression and anxiety experienced by victims of racist acts. The prevalence of in-person direct racism (racist expression aimed directly at the victim) is lower than in-person indirect racism (racist expression aimed at the ethnic group the victim belongs to). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of explicit online racism was lower than online indirect racism.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: COVID-19-related racism exacerbated preexisting racism, contributing to worse depression and anxiety among Asian Americans. To address this issue, we propose two main approaches: increase public awareness and education about recognizable racist sentiments/acts, and systematized reporting of racially motivated crimes to guide political action. At an individual level, culturally responsive trauma-informed interventions promoting cultural support and cohesion for various Asian American groups will foster this empowerment. These proposed actions will help alleviate racism by reducing stereotypes, empowering victims, and chipping away at the systemic racism structure.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable. Not a clinical trial.
Evaluation Of Comparative Efficacy Of Sida Cordifolia Oil Via Nasal Administration (Bala Taila Nasya) Against Piper Longum Oil Via Nasal Administration (Pippalyadi Taila Nasya) In The Management Of Tension-Type Headache (Vataj Shirashoola): A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Wargantiwar Vedangi , ade vinod , Parwe Shweta , Sawarkar Punam
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Tension-type headache is a disease that is caused by the vitiation of only one bodily humor (dosha) (Vataj shirashoola). The body's humor gets vitiated and accumulates in the head, causing discomfort to radiate from the forehead center, to the temporal area, and to worsen at night, especially when accompanied by giddiness, stiff neck, and photophobia. The most prevalent type of headaches are tension-type headaches, which are repeated headache episodes that can last anywhere from minutes to weeks. Apart from the detrimental impact on an individual's well-being, the illness also considerably diminishes their quality of life and daily activities. Ayurveda suggested a treatment for Tension type headaches (TTH) to avoid and control the condition. There are numerous therapies in Ayurveda, and Oil administration through the nostrils has been given a significant role in upper clavicular disease (Uurdhvajatrugata roga).

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the efficacy of Piper longum oil via nasal administration (Pippalyadi Taila Nasya) in Tension-Type Headaches (Vataj Shirashoola) on a Quality-of-life scale, VAS, R.O.M. And To evaluate the efficacy of Sida cordifolia oil via nasal administration (Bala Taila Nasya) in Tension-Type Headaches (Vataj Shirashoola) on a Quality-of-life scale, VAS, R.O.M. And To compare the efficacy of Piper longum oil via nasal administration (Pippalyadi Taila Nasya) with Sida cordifolia oil via nasal administration (Bala Taila Nasya) in Tension-Type Headache (Vataj Shirashoola) on a Quality-of-life scale, VAS, R.O.M.

METHODS

For this study, 60 patients will be divided into two groups. Group P will receive eight drops of Sida cordifolia oil daily by nasal delivery (Bala Taila Nasya) for seven days. The remaining thirty patients, or group Q, will receive Piper longum oil by nasal administration (Pippalyadi Taila Nasya) using the same method

RESULTS

Data will be compared following therapy, and the outcome will be evaluated using the baseline of the objective parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

conclusions will be drawn there after the studies.

CLINICALTRIAL

CTRI/2023/10/058733
It’s getting heated: how climate change affects human behaviour-effects on aggression
Authors: Abass Aisha
Published: July 2024

A Word from the Author
As a child, climate change was only a looming disaster I had to face in the future. However, in the last few years, we have begun to see climate change's impact start to unfold, and I have noticed that climate change affects more than I thought it would as a child. When I started my research, I was curious if there was a link between climate change and mental health. I discovered many papers that investigated the relationship between the two. What stuck out to me the most was how climate change affects aggression. Not only does climate change increase global temperature, but it also correlates with violence; it heats the world literally and theoretically by sparking violence with aggression.
Perfil das prescrições de fitoterápicos anabolizantes comercializados por uma farmácia magistral no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Lippi Oakim Costa Renata , Santos Maria Isabel Sampaio dos
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Since antiquity, humans have used plants for various purposes, including improving physical performance. However, in recent years, the search for   herbal medicines aimed at mimicking the anabolic effect, with lower health risks and without being detected in doping control, has sparked the interest of athletes and gym users. Objective: To evaluate which herbal drugs with possible androgenic activity are prescribed as magistral formulations in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Method: Data from 10,276 prescriptions recorded in the database of a network of compounding pharmacies located in the city of Rio de Janeiro between January and December 2020 were collected and  analyzed. The prescribed and dispensed formulations contained Ajuga turkestanica, Cyanotis vaga, Eurycoma longifolia, Lepidium meyenii, Mucuna pruriens, Tribulus terrestris, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Withania somnifera. Results: Most prescriptions (57.0%) were for women, prescribed by specialists in orthomolecular medicine (38.0%), and only 4.0% of prescriptions were prescribed by nutritionists. Regarding the types of medications, 8,116 prescriptions (79.0%) were formulations of combinations of one or more anabolic herbal drugs with pharmaceuticals. M. pruriens was the most prescribed herbal drug (29.0%), with or without combination. Conclusions: Most of the prescribed plants still do not have proven efficacy and safety regarding anabolic action; therefore more clinical studies are necessary to determine the possible drug interactions and adverse effects of these herbal drugs.
PHARMA'S NITROSAMINE CHALLENGE: A REVIEW OF A CALL FOR VIGILANCE
Authors: Eissa Mostafa Essam
Published: July 2024

Nitrosamines are potential carcinogens (cancer-causing agents) that can form in medications under specific conditions. The British Pharmacopoeia (BP) and the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) both set strict guidelines to minimize their presence. Nitrosamines form when nitrites and amines react in acidic environments, potentially occurring in the stomach or during drug production. They are classified as probable human carcinogens, meaning long-term exposure at high levels may increase cancer risk. Fortunately, nitrosamine levels in most medications are very low and unlikely to pose significant health risks. Both BP and USP have implemented a new general chapter: Nitrosamine Impurities (BP: 5.20 and USP: <1469>).These chapters outline acceptable intake limits for six specific nitrosamines and a four-step risk assessment and control strategy. They also detail testing procedures and analytical methods for detecting and measuring nitrosamines in medications. There are similarities between BP and USP as both set comparable acceptable intake limits for the same six nitrosamines. Also, both employ a similar four-step risk management approach. Moreover, both provide information on testing procedures and analytical methods. Nevertheless, there are few differences between both references. There may be slight variations in the specifics of analytical procedures (e.g., detection limits, chromatographic conditions).Regulatory agencies are actively monitoring and controlling nitrosamine levels in medications, ensuring patient safety. Both BP and USP play crucial roles in setting stringent standards and ensuring their consistent implementation across the pharmaceutical industry.
                  
Peer Review History:
Received 28 March 2024;   Revised 2 May 2024; Accepted 25 June; Available online 15 July 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, ari@ankara.edu.tr
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr.  Maya Shaaban Eissa Hussein, Egyptian Russian University, Egypt, maya-shaaban@hotmail.com
Dr. Michael Otakhor Erhunmwunse, St. Philomena Catholic Hospital, Nigeria,dedoctor4life@yahoo.com
Entropic distinguishability of quantum fields in phase space
Authors: Ditsch Sara , Haas Tobias
Published: July 2024

We present a general way of quantifying the entropic uncertainty of quantum field configurations in phase space in terms of entropic distinguishability with respect to the vacuum. Our approach is based on the functional Husimi Q-distribution and a suitably chosen relative entropy, which we show to be non-trivially bounded from above by the uncertainty principle. The resulting relative entropic uncertainty relation is as general as the concept of coherent states and thus holds for quantum fields of bosonic and fermionic type. Its simple form enables diverse applications, among which we present a complete characterization of the uncertainty surplus of arbitrary states in terms of the total particle number for a scalar field and the fermionic description of the Ising model. Moreover, we provide a quantitative interpretation of the role of the uncertainty principle for quantum phase transitions.
ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION (PAI) LEARNING IN THE SOCIETY 5.0 ERA TO IMPROVE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS
Authors: Hayati Aziza Nur
Published: July 2024

The development of technology, information, and communication requires people in the era of Society 5.0 to have various life skills. One such skill is critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills are useful for minimizing the occurrence of various negative impacts of technological advances. In addition, people who have critical thinking skills will easily solve various problems in life. This study aims to determine the implementation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in the era of Society 5.0, evaluate critical thinking skills, and analyze the implications of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in the era of Society 5.0 in improving critical thinking skills. This research uses qualitative methods with questionnaire instruments, observation and interview guidelines, and documentation. The results showed that: 1) in the era of society 5.0, PAI teachers use a problem-based contextual learning model, utilize technology as a learning medium, and encourage students to actively seek information from various sources, 2) students' critical thinking skills are in a good category, 84% of students already have critical thinking skills in the medium and high categories, 3) Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in the era of society 5.0 has implications for skills critical thinking.
Kebijakan Sertifikasi Dosen Terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Dosen Pascasarjana Prodi Pendidikan Agama Islam UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Widyanto Anton
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the lecturer certification policy to improve the performance of lecturers in the Islamic Education Study Program of Postgraduate UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. This research method is descriptive with a qualitative approach, with data collection techniques carried out using library study techniques and field studies, The informants in this study are 1) Lecturers who have passed the certification, 2) Head of the Islamic Education Study Program, 3) Students of the Islamic Education Study Program. The results showed that the implementation of lecturer certification in general is not only limited to fulfilling the obligations of the Lecturer Workload (BKD) but also an effort to improve the quality expected by the Lecturer Certification Program, and lecturers who receive certification benefits support efforts to improve the quality of learning and performance
Perfil antropométrico de pacientes oncológicos em uma associação no sudoeste da Bahia
Authors: Jesus Brito Alane , Alves Alanna Sthefani de Souza , Souza Raquel Christina da Silva , Costa Ruama Larissa Santos da , Ferreira Christini Gomes Senhorinho
Published: July 2024

RESUMO
A avaliação e a intervenção nutricional desempenham um papel crucial na saúde e qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos, como prevenir deficiências nutricionais. Esta pesquisa objetivou descrever o perfil antropométrico de pacientes oncológicos de uma associação. Trata-se de estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com pacientes oncológicos cadastrados em uma associação de um município no sudoeste da Bahia. Para avaliação do perfil antropométrico utilizou-se o índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência do braço e prega cutânea tricipital. Os dados foram analisados pelo Microsoft Excel®. Dos 29 pacientes com idade média 50,93 anos, a maioria eram do sexo feminino e 52% sedentários. O câncer prevalente foi de mama (45%). De acordo com IMC, circunferência do braço e área muscular do braço a maioria estavam eutróficos. A prega cutânea tricipital teve predominância de obesidade e 17% dos pacientes apresentaram desnutrição grave. Percebe-se que a desnutrição não foi predominante, entretanto em algumas medidas mostram um alerta quanto ao excesso de gordura corporal. Sendo ambas situações podem afetar a resposta ao tratamento e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes oncológicos. Ressalta-se a importância da avaliação nutricional detalhada para uma intervenção eficiente com foco em melhorar o tratamento e a qualidade de vida dessa população.  
Palavras-chave: Avaliação Nutricional; Antropometria; Índice de Massa Corporal; Oncologia.
ABSTRACT
Nutritional assessment and intervention play a crucial role in the health and quality of life of cancer patients, such as preventing nutritional deficiencies. This research aimed to describe the anthropometric profile of cancer patients from an association. This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with cancer patients registered in an association in a municipality in the southwest of Bahia. To evaluate the anthropometric profile, body mass index (BMI), arm circumference and triceps skinfold were used. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel®. Of the 29 patients with a mean age of 50.93 years, most were female and 52% were sedentary. The prevalent cancer was breast (45%). According to BMI, arm circumference and arm muscle area most were eutrophic. The triceps skinfold had a predominance of obesity and 17% of patients had severe malnutrition. It is noticed that malnutrition was not predominant, however in some measurements they show a warning about excess body fat. Both situations can affect the response to treatment and the quality of life of cancer patients. The importance of a detailed nutritional assessment is emphasized for an efficient intervention focused on improving the treatment and quality of life of this population.
 
Keywords: Nutritional Assessment; Anthropometry; Body mass index; Oncology.
Publicidade odontológica nas redes sociais: uma análise dos aspectos éticos relacionados
Authors: Brito Lima Larissa Bárbara , De Almeida Vaz Micaele , Donha Yarid Sérgio , Correa Peixoto Saulo , Da Silva Souza Saú
Published: July 2024

A saturação no mercado de trabalho odontológico e a alta concorrência na odontologia trouxe a necessidade de implantar novas ferramentas para atrair o cliente. Dessa forma, o marketing profissional realizado por meio das redes sociais, tornou-se uma ferramenta fundamental para o estabelecimento de vínculos entre profissionais e clientes. Contudo, estas publicidades nem sempre seguem as normas instituídas pelo Código de Ética Odontológica, caracterizando infrações éticas. Foi analisado o que apontam as evidências científicas sobre as infrações éticas previstas no Código de Ética Odontológica Brasileiro no que tange à  prática da publicidade veiculada por cirurgiões-dentistas nas redes sociais. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, entre os meses de março e abril de 2023. Foram consideradas as publicações a partir do ano de 2012. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a busca resultou na seleção de cinco artigos. Verificou-se que a maioria dos cirurgiões-dentistas não cumprem as normas estabelecidas pelo capítulo XVI do código de ética odontológica no que concerne a realização de anúncios, propagandas e publicidades, nas redes sociais.
The impact of CEO compensation and governance disclosure on firm value moderated by integrated reporting
Authors: Utomo Stephanus Dwiarso , Machmuddah Zaky
Published: July 2024

Firm value can increase market confidence, not only for current performance but also for the company’s prospects in the future Fama (1978). To prove empirically the effect of chief executive officer (CEO) compensation and governance disclosure on firm value moderated by integrated reporting (IR) is the aim of this study. The study population is Asian companies registered in the Integrated Reporting database examples. Based on the specified sample criteria, 135 secondary data were obtained from 2019–2021. The analysis tool used to process the data is WarpPLS 7.0. This study gives the result that firm value is influenced by governance disclosure and IR moderates the effect of governance disclosure on firm value, while CEO compensation has no effect on firm value. The practical implications of this study are to confirm the importance of corporate governance disclosure, the role of IR in increasing the value of companies, and its impact on investment decisions. In addition, this study is also useful for regulators in relation to the preparation of corporate financial reporting policies so that they are transparent and accountable.
SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE ACCESO UTILIZANDO TECNOLOGÍAS RFID
Authors: Duque Suárez, María Carolina , Clavijo Pérez, Carlos Mario , Molina Granados, Julián Enrique , Duque Suárez, Oscar Manuel
Published: July 2024

Este artículo establece los criterios de diseño necesarios para el sistema de control de accesoutilizando tecnologías RFID, la selección de los elementos de procesamiento, control visualización,instrumentación y demás necesarios en los sistemas de control de acceso, el diseño, construcción yprueba de funcionamiento del sistema en un entorno real, estas pruebas se ejecutaron con aprendices delprograma Tecnoacademia Nodo Cúcuta, así mismo se logra validar su correcto funcionamiento yconsideraciones a tener en cuenta cuando el sistema este en uso continuo.
Fortalecimiento de la cultura archivística para la conservación del patrimonio documental en empresas públicas del Área Metropolitana de Pereira
Authors: Mejía Medina Olga Liliana , Duque Galeano Gislesa Gislena , Escarpeta Mena Gloria Stella
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo surge como producto del proyecto de investigación que se formuló y se ejecutó en el año 2022, con aprendices e instructoras del programa formativo tecnólogo en Gestión Documental del SENA, Regional Centro Comercio y Servicios; con el objetivo de indagar y conocer la situación actual de algunas empresas públicas y privadas con funciones públicas, especialmente en todo lo relacionado con el cumplimiento de la normativa de gestión documental del Archivo General de la Nación de Colombia y la aplicación de los diferentes instrumentos archivísticos.
En este proceso, se aplicó una metodología cualitativa y se acudieron a varias técnicas de recolección de información como: entrevistas semiestructuradas, visitas a empresas y por último se realizó un Evento de Divulgación Tecnológico para fortalecer y sensibilizar a los asistentes enviados de las diferentes empresas y público en general, acerca de la importancia de velar por la adecuada gestión documental en las entidades.  El resultado de este trabajo refleja la falta de conciencia archivística en la Región teniendo en cuenta que de 74 empresas a las cuales se les aplicó la entrevista muy pocas cuentan con un programa de gestión documental.  En la capacitación de sensibilización se contó con la asistencia de 230 personas conectadas a través de la plataforma Meet y 100 personas de manera presencial, certificando 282 personas
Valoración económica de los servicios ecosistémicos producto de compensaciones ambientales voluntarias por empresas del departamento del Quindío, Colombia
Authors: Garcés Upegui Luz Deisy , Martínez Giraldo Claudia del Socorro , Naranjo Pardo Jhon Faber , Gutiérrez Rodas Daniel Esteban
Published: July 2024

La investigación propicia escenarios de conservación ambiental a través de una plataforma sostenible, con el propósito de valorar económicamente los Servicios Ecosistémicos (SE) producto de compensaciones ambientales voluntarias a través de la implantación de las Herramientas del Manejo del Paisaje (HMP), contribuyendo a la toma de decisiones relacionadas con la asignación y prevención de los impactos antrópicos. El estudio contempla la definición de variables, elaboración de herramientas, matrices y análisis de resultados a través de software. Los SE de mayor importancia se encuentra el abastecimiento de agua, la regulación hídrica y la conectividad de parches boscosos, respecto a la percepción de los impactos sociales se resalta la equidad de género, la aplicación de prácticas ancestrales o tradicionales y la importancia de conservar la biodiversidad en los predios objeto de estudio, finalmente, establece una valoración económica a través de los métodos de valoración contingente y gastos de prevención, reforestación y remplazo.
El Uso de las TIC para Fomentar la Resiliencia y la Gestión del Estrés en los Educadores
Authors: Saquisari Pillajo Armando Patricio ,   Instituto Superior Universitario Japón, Espinosa Cevallos Paola Alejandra ,   Instituto Tecnológico Universitario Cordillera
Published: July 2024

El uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en la educación ha demostrado ser crucial para fomentar la resiliencia y gestionar el estrés en los educadores. La integración de TIC facilita la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la administración de tareas, reduciendo así la carga laboral y el estrés asociado. Diversos estudios resaltan que una formación continua en competencias digitales es esencial para el desarrollo profesional de los docentes, mejorando su capacidad para adaptarse a los desafíos contemporáneos. La implementación de metodologías innovadoras, como la infopedagogía, facilita la creación de contenidos interactivos y personalizados, apoyando tanto a estudiantes como a educadores. Además, programas específicos de formación en TIC han demostrado reducir significativamente los síntomas de burnout, permitiendo a los docentes equilibrar mejor sus responsabilidades profesionales y personales. los resultados de la investigación muestran que las estrategias basadas en TIC no solo mejoran el rendimiento académico, sino que también crean entornos de aprendizaje más dinámicos y resilientes. En conjunto, estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de seguir invirtiendo en la capacitación tecnológica de los docentes para asegurar una educación de calidad y un entorno laboral sostenible. La evidencia destaca que el uso adecuado de TIC es fundamental para enfrentar y superar los desafíos del entorno educativo moderno, promoviendo el bienestar integral y la resiliencia de los educadores.
Análisis del Uso de Machine Learning para Sistema de control predictivo a nivel industrial
Authors: Chango Chango Diego Alexis ,   Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, La Maná, Ecuador, Paredes Anchatipán Alex Darwin , Romero Bedón Freddy Rodrigo ,   Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi Ecuador,   Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi Ecuador
Published: July 2024

Este estudio analiza la integración del Machine Learning (ML) en sistemas de control predictivo a nivel industrial, revelando una tendencia creciente y prometedora en diversos sectores. La investigación muestra un aumento exponencial en la aplicación de técnicas de ML, como redes neuronales recurrentes (LSTM), Random Forest y redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN), en control predictivo industrial. Los casos de estudio examinados, que abarcan desde la industria petroquímica hasta la manufactura automotriz y el monitoreo ambiental, demuestran mejoras significativas en eficiencia, precisión y productividad. Se observa una adopción global de estas tecnologías, incluyendo implementaciones exitosas en países en desarrollo como Ecuador. A pesar de los beneficios evidentes, se identifican desafíos persistentes, como la necesidad de grandes conjuntos de datos de calidad, problemas de interpretabilidad y complejidad computacional. El estudio destaca la tendencia hacia enfoques híbridos que combinan conocimiento basado en principios físicos con ML, ofreciendo un equilibrio entre interpretabilidad y adaptabilidad. Se concluye que la integración de ML en control predictivo industrial representa una solución transformadora en la automatización industrial, con el potencial de revolucionar la gestión y operación de sistemas industriales complejos, impulsando la innovación en fabricación y control de procesos.
Contribución de los Sistemas Fotovoltaicos conectados a la Red Eléctrica para la Reducción de la emisión de CO2
Authors: Soria Yánez Daniel Santiago ,   Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi Ecuador, Vásquez Carrera Jovanni , Hidalgo Osorio William Armando ,   Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi Ecuador,   Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi Ecuador
Published: July 2024

La aceleración del cambio climático y sus efectos adversos en el medio ambiente generaron una creciente preocupación a nivel global. Este estudio analizó la contribución de los sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a la red eléctrica (GCPV) en la reducción de las emisiones de CO2, destacando los beneficios económicos y ambientales asociados. La investigación se basó en datos empíricos y en una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura reciente. Los resultados mostraron que la capacidad instalada de sistemas fotovoltaicos aumentó significativamente, de 500 GW en 2019 a 1,100 GW en 2023, lo que llevó a una reducción de las emisiones de CO2 de 350 millones de toneladas a 770 millones de toneladas en el mismo período. Este crecimiento fue impulsado por la disminución de los costos de instalación y mantenimiento, así como por mejoras en la eficiencia de los módulos fotovoltaicos. A pesar de los beneficios, la integración de GCPV presentó desafíos técnicos, como la intermitencia de la generación solar y la necesidad de infraestructura adecuada. Las políticas gubernamentales y los incentivos fiscales son políticas primordiales para la adopción de esta tecnología. Sin embargo, se requirió una mayor inversión en tecnologías de almacenamiento de energía y modernización de la infraestructura de red para superar estos obstáculos.
Digital Forensics in the Age of AI and ML: Evidence Handling, Validation and Reporting
Authors: M Ramchandra , H Pravin , S Pravin
Published: July 2024

In the age of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), digital forensics has undergone substantial transformations increasing the efficiency and accuracy of evidence management, validation and reporting. This article investigates the incorporation of AI and machine learning technology into digital forensic techniques, with a focus on automating data processing, discovering trends and enhancing the overall dependability of forensic investigations. Key areas of evidence processing, such as collection, preservation and chain of custody, are evaluated in light of AI-powered technologies. The validation process is explained, with an emphasis on using ML algorithms to assure data integrity and authenticity. Furthermore, the article goes into new reporting methodologies made possible by AI, which provide complete and understandable information for legal and investigative purposes.
O PERFIL DAS ESTUDANTES DO CURSO DE SERVIÇO SOCIAL: UM DEBATE SOBRE AS DIRETRIZES CURRICULARES
Authors: Pinto Carolina Quemel Nogueira , Pereira Amanda Gomes
Published: July 2024

Analisamos neste trabalho a interface entre a política de ação afirmativa de cotas e de auxílio permanência com a presença/entrada de um perfil mais diversificado de estudantes no curso de Serviço Social; e em que medida o currículo corresponde com esta mudança na graduação e pós-graduação. Para tanto, analisamos o perfil das estudantes do curso presencial de Serviço Social nas Universidades públicas e privadas do Rio de Janeiro para, desta forma, problematizar sua epistemologia e a ausência de disciplinas com temas acerca das questões de gênero e étnico-racial. Constatamos um movimento para acompanhar a nova demanda, porém com um longo percurso de estudos e lutas para um Serviço Social tanto anticapitalista antirracista e feminista, visto que o capitalismo, machismo e o racismo se retroalimentam e viabilizam a desigualdade racial.
COMMUNICATIVE SUPPORT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CHARITY INITIATIVES BY JOURNALIST TEAMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
Authors:   State Tax University, Hyrina Tetyana
Published: July 2024

The study of the vectors of deepening the interaction between journalism and philanthropy during the war is based on the results of an expert survey using a questionnaire of media owners (December 4, 2023–December 10, 2023; n = 26). The orientation of users towards systematic charity work both as a personal person and as a member of the work team was established, where 34.6 % of respondents confirmed the constant work in the media they represent of holding charity meetings, another 23.1 % of editorial offices periodically organize such meetings, and 26.9 % join the initiatives of other organizations. Military personnel (92.3 %), children (65.4 %), the seriously ill (57.7 %), animals (65.4 %), and the elderly (50 %) are mostly recipients of such assistance. The polyphony of charitable activities in the structure of informational interest of Ukrainian media at medium (42.3 %) and high levels (30.8 %). Such activity is aimed at benefiting society (76.9 %) and the charitable organization that accumulates it (53.8 %). Mostly, the heart of media people responds to the requests of volunteers whom they trust (65.4 %) and individual activists with local initiatives (34.6 %). In the context of communicative support, the media provide publicity for announcements about needs and current meetings (80.8 %), contribute to the formation of a receptive image of a charitable organization (76.9 %). The optimal forms for the presentation of a charity initiative are the objective justification and the amount, purpose and deadlines (53.8 %), and messages in the format of storytelling (46.2 %) Under no circumstances should these be neutral and impersonal appeals (0 %). 91 % of respondents believe in the victory of our state against 8 % who are not sure about it.
Freedom of Expression on the Internet Between Security and Criminalization
Authors:   Department of Law, College of Law, Knowledge University, Abdul Qadir M. Muataz , Hamdi Mahdi Mahdi ,   Department of Law, College of Law, Knowledge University, Omar Khalil Shwan ,   Department of Law, College of Law, Knowledge University
Published: July 2024

الانتشار الواسع للأنترنت أدى الى ظهور مساحات جديدة لممارسة حرية التعبير وابداء الرأي ومع التطور المستمر لهذا الفضاء وتوسعه في اتجاه انتاج الصوت والصورة بإمكانيات قليلة متوفرة عملت على اثراء حرية التعبير وساعدت كثيرا على ابداء الرأي في مجمل القضايا وانتقاد السلطات والحكومات. غير أن حرية الرأي وحرية التعبير على الأنترنت استخدمت كوسيلة للمساس بحرية الآخرين والتشهير بهم والطعن في كرامتهم وشرفهم، كما استخدمت ذريعة حرية العبير في المساس بالأمن القومي والاخلال به مما يعرض أمن الدول والمجتمعات الى الخطر واللااستقرار. لذلك يمكن القول ان المرء يجب ان يكو مدركاً لبعض الشواغل الموجودة بشأن استخدام هذه التكنولوجيات الجديدة، ولا سيما استخدامها كوسائل إجرامية او ادوات يمكن من خلالها تنفيذ اجندة معينة تضر بالصالح العام او العادات والتقاليد السائدة. في حين أن الحكومات لها حق شرعي بل وملزمة بمعاقبة ومنع الجريمة الالكترونية، فإن الضمانات ضرورية لضمان أن الحكومات لا تسيء استخدام سلطتها وأن حرية التعبير لا تُحرم بذريعة حماية المجتمع من الجريمة عبر الإنترنت.
Enhancing hotel employees' well-being and safe behaviors: The influences of physical workload, mental workload, and psychological resilience
Authors: El-Sherbeeny Ahmed M. , Alsetoohy Omar , Sheikhelsouk Samar , Liu Sijun , Abou Kamar Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

Research background: Despite the dynamically growing cross-sectional academic studies conducted on various aspects related to physical and mental workloads in the context of workplace safety, there is still room for further in-depth analyses of how these workloads affect employees' behavior and well-being. This phenomenon is of particular interest in the case of hospitality, where hotels should recognize the workloads imposed on their employees, since they are considered the most critical and influential stressors in the workplace.
Purpose of the article: Based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory, our study aims to examine how hotel employees' physical and mental workloads affect their well-being and safe behaviors. The study also investigates how employee well-being and psychological resilience play a role in these patterns.
Methods: The study employs an experience-sampling methodology to assess the physical and mental workloads of a group of full-time employees working in luxury hotels in the USA.
Findings & value added: The findings derived from Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) reveal that both physical and mental workloads negatively impact overall well-being and safe behaviors. Additionally, physical workload influences mental workload. Also, employee well-being has been identified as a mediating factor in the relationship between workloads, psychological resilience, and safe behaviors. Notably, psychological resilience has not exhibited a moderating effect. This study expands on the COR theory by examining its impact on the hospitality industry. The study has developed and validated a model for assessing hotel employees' physical workload. Moreover, it emphasizes the significance of employees' well-being and psychological resilience in promoting safe behaviors in hotels. Therefore, this model is a significant step forward toward effectively measuring and maintaining the overall well-being and safe behaviors of employees in the hospitality industry. Furthermore, the value of the research is enhanced by surveying hotel employees directly rather than relying on subjective opinions from management about employee involvement in workplace health and safety. This approach avoids the bias often present in management assessments and provides a more accurate depiction of employee participation.
The impact of digital finance and financial inclusion on banking stability: International evidence
Authors: Anton Sorin , Afloarei Nucu Anca Elena
Published: July 2024

Research background: Achieving a jointly stable and inclusive financial system represents an important pillar of the call for action among Sustainable Development Goals. Considerable attention from previous research has been given to traditional financial inclusion (FI) and its implications on financial stability and overall development, but the findings are mixed. Furthermore, there is limited evidence related to the implications of digital financial inclusion on banking system stability. Therefore, the present study tends to address two main research questions, as follows: Can traditional financial inclusion protect banking stability? Can digital finance inclusion become a new driving force to promote banking stability?
Purpose of the article: The paper aims to assess the influence of both traditional and digital financial inclusiveness on banking stability, using quantile regression, across a panel of 81 countries. We also examine the potential transmission channels through which financial inclusiveness influences banking stability.
Methods: We construct three different financial inclusion indices, which capture the degree of access and usage of financial services, based on a three-stage Principal Component Analysis. Next, based on quantile analysis, we test the role of these financial inclusion indices in shaping banking stability.
Findings & value added: We provide international evidence on the non-linear relationship between traditional and digital FI and banking stability, respectively. Our empirical findings suggest that FI indices are negatively related to banking stability until a certain threshold, after which, increases in financial inclusiveness have a positive effect on banking stability. The magnitude of the impact is more sizeable for low-range quantiles, meaning that the effect of digital inclusiveness is more pronounced in countries with excessive risk-taking tendencies. We find support for operational efficiency transmission channels and uncover new evidence on the association between digital FI and banking stability.
Calculation of elastic tensile behavior of CF/PA6 composite material disc
Authors: Kayiran Hüseyin Fırat
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the characteristic behavior of the disc consisting of thermoplastic composite CF/PA6 material was considered. Analysis was made by taking into account the usage areas of the materials and referring to certain temperatures between 30 ℃ and 150 ℃. Composite materials are lightweight; they show high strength. For these reasons, they are preferred in technology, especially in the aircraft and aerospace industry. With this study, the radial and tangential stresses determined within a certain temperature The temperatures were determined and compared with previous studies in the literature. According to the results obtained, it is believed that the thermoplastic composite CF/PA6 disc design can be used in engineering.
Етноніми в поемі івана котляревського енеїда
Authors: Hdakovych Mariana
Published: July 2024

The semantics and functioning of ethnonyms in the poem Aeneid by Ivan Kotlyarevsky are covered in the article. It has been established that the text of the poem contains 44 ethnonym names referring to two time-spaces – the ancient (15 ethnonyms) and the early modern time of writing the Aeneid (29 ethnonyms). Ethnonyms are a reflection of inter-ethnic contacts, represent the linguistic picture of the world at the end of the turn of the 19th century. The text contains neutral and expressive ethnonyms, as well as ethnophaulisms. The ethnonyms of the Aeneid implicate the ethno-cultural specificity of peoples and at the same time are the historical and cultural realities of their time. The text contains the names of household items of ethnonymic origin. Literary ethnonyms record the connotative stereotyped images of peoples, in particular, the nearest neighbours of the Ukrainians. Against the background of other peoples, the self-identification of one's own people can be clearly traced, which the author designates with auto-ethnonyms – Cossacks, Our people, Baptized people. Literary ethnonyms reveal the linguistic identity of the author of the Aeneid as an educated Ukrainian who identified himself with the Cossack people.
Marine litter and plastic detection on Black Sea beaches by using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
Authors: Marin Dragoș , Ciucă Andreea-Mădălina , Filimon Adrian , Stoica Elena
Published: July 2024

Plastic and marine litter is one of the current growing issues worldwide, affecting the unique Black Sea ecosystem as well. Litter is yearly monitored for assessing ecological status across the Romanian beaches. We tested aerial drone-inspection or UAV method versus visual census for efficiency of litter monitoring on two Black Sea beaches, located in the Danube Delta area. The detection probability varied between size-category of items, with 71 – 100% accuracy of visual screening of drone images. Our pilot study showed the successful combination of the traditional visual census method with the new emerging UAV techniques for marine litter monitoring in the selected areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the UAV method for fast-screening of not-easily accessible sites at the Romanian coast of the Black Sea.
Geoprocessing of archival aerial photos and their scientific applications: A review
Authors: Kostrzewa Adam
Published: July 2024

Poland as well as other countries keep extensive collections of 20th and 21st-century aerial photos, which are underexploited compared to such other archival materials as satellite imagery. Meanwhile, they offer significant research potential in various areas, including urban development, land use changes, and long-term environmental monitoring. Archival photographs are detailed, often obtained every five to ten years, and feature high resolution, from 20 cm to 1 m. Their overlap can facilitate creating precise digital models that illustrate topography and land cover, which are essential variables in many scientific contexts. However, rapidly transforming these photographs into geographically accurate measurements of the Earth’s surface poses challenges. This article explores the obstacles in automating the processing of historical photographs and presents the main scientific research directions associated with these images. Recent advancements in enhancing work˚ows, including the development of modern digital photogrammetry tools, algorithms, and machine learning techniques are also discussed. These developments are crucial for unlocking the full potential of aerial photographs, making them easier accessible and valuable for a broader range of scientific fields. These underutilized photographs are increasingly recognized as vital in various research domains due to technological advancements. Integrating new methods with these historical images offers unprecedented opportunities for scientific discovery and historical understanding, bridging the past with the future through innovative research techniques.
Analysis of Junior High School Students’ Misconceptions About the Human Excretion Using a Four-Tier Diagnostic Test
Authors: Saputri* Irma Dwi , Rusyati Lilit
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to measure middle school students’ conceptions and misconceptions related to human excretion using a four-tiered diagnostic test. Using a cross-sectional survey design, responses of 113 eighth-grade students, convenience sampled from two schools in Bandung were collected. A four-tiered instrument was developed specifically for the focus of this study and the data analyzed below consists of test results and interviews with teachers. The findings indicate that students’ conceptions of the human excretory system fall into several categories: scientific knowledge (SK) at 46.90%, false positive (FP) at 13.09%, false negative (FN) at 6.13%, misconception (M) at 20.45%, and lack of knowledge (LK) at 13.43%. The most common misconceptions relate to diseases and disorders (38%) and sweating and body thermoregulation (31%). These misconceptions may arise due to factors such as students’ lack of enthusiasm for learning and limited engagement during the learning process. Consequently, there is a need for improved teaching approaches to address misconceptions associated with human excretion and to foster a more comprehensive scientific understanding among students.