bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immigration - Trade Relationship in ASEAN: What Does the Evidence Show?
Authors: Ekakkararungroj Chanida , Ong Sheue-Li , S. Devadason Evelyn
Published: June 2022

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region has become more integrated through trade and migration. Yet, public policies in ASEAN do not consider the interrelations between trade and immigration policies. Therefore, the paper employs a static panel gravity model for the 10 ASEAN countries over five-year intervals between 1990 and 2020 to identify the direct connections between migration and trade (exports, imports and intra-industry trade). The empirical results support a pro-import immigrant effect but not a pro-export immigrant effect. The negative effect of the stock of immigrants on the share of bilateral intra-industry trade implies that immigration better explains one-way trade or inter-industry trade. The limited presence of the immigrant-link effects reflects the large stock of unskilled ASEAN immigrants that reduces the possibilities of creating networks between the home and host countries. The significant immigration-import links, however, is sufficient to justify the importance for ASEAN to work towards connecting migration and trade policies.
ISLAM DAN POLITIK DI MALAYSIA: SATU PENELITIAN AWAL TERHADAP SEJARAH, PERGOLAKAN DAN PERJUANGAN POLITIK HARAKAH, 1987-2007
Authors: Achie Nordi
Published: June 2022

This article aims to analyze two aspects. First, the historical development of Harakah. Second, the Harakah political role and its contribution to the development of politics and Islam in the context of political democratization and controversial democracy in Malaysia. The main questions which this article wishes to address are: how did political crisis scenario influence the reputation of Harakah; and why Harakah could act as an alternative newspaper during the national political crisis since the late 1990s?
INDIVIDUAL GENETIC HETEROGENEITY
Authors: Vihinen Mauno
Published: June 2022

Genetic variation is described from the perspective of an individual.
All the different levels of genetic information and variation are
covered, ranging from whether an organism is unmixed or hybrid, has
variations in genome, chromosomes and more locally in DNA regions,
epigenetic variants or alterations in selfish genetic elements. Genetic
constitution and heterogeneity of microbiota are highly relevant for
health and wellbeing of an individual. Mutation rates vary widely for
variation types e.g. due to sequence context. Genetic information guides
numerous aspects in organisms. Types of inheritance, whether Mendelian
or non-Mendelian, zygosity, sexual reproduction and sex determination
are covered. Functions of DNA and functional effects of variations are
introduced, along with mechanism that reduce and modulate functional
effects, including TARAR countermeasures and intraindividual genetic
conflict. TARAR countermeasures for tolerance, avoidance, repair,
attenuation and resistance are essential for life, integrity of genetic
information and gene expression. The genetic composition, effects of
variations and their expression are considered also in diseases and
personalized medicine. The text synthesizes knowledge and insight on
individual genetic heterogeneity and organizes and systematizes the
central concepts.
A basic community dynamics experiment: disentangling deterministic and stochastic processes in structuring ecological communities
Authors: Jewell Mark , Bell Graham
Published: June 2022

Community dynamics are governed by two opposed processes: species
sorting, which produces deterministic dynamics leading to an equilibrium
state, and ecological drift, which produces stochastic dynamics. Despite
a great deal of theoretical and empirical work aiming to demonstrate the
predominance of one or the other of these processes, the importance of
drift in structuring communities and maintaining species diversity
remains contested. Here we present the results of a basic community
dynamics experiment using floating aquatic plants, designed to measure
the relative contributions of species sorting, ecological drift to
community change over about a dozen generations. We found that species
sorting became overwhelmingly dominant as the experiment progressed, and
directed communities towards a stable equilibrium state maintained by
negative frequency-dependent selection. The dynamics of any particular
species depended on how far its initial frequency was from its
equilibrium frequency, however, and consequently the balance of sorting
and drift varied among species.
Lipedematous alopecia, an entity on the rise
Authors: Riera-Martí Núria , Romaní Jorge , Sáez Empar , Gamissans-Cañada Marta , López-Llunell Cristina , Serrano Vicente Exposito
Published: June 2022

A 59-year-old Afro-American woman presented with a gradual loss of hair
and scalp pruritus for the last year. The complementary tests revealed a
scalp thickness of 10,1mm and a punch biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of
a lipedematous alopecia. This, together with lipedematous scalp, are
uncommon clinicopathologic entities of unknow etiology.
Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies in Serbia
Authors: Rasevic Mirjana , Sedlecky Katarina
Published: June 2022

Infertility is a significant challenge, both on individual and macro levels. The overall aim of this paper is to contribute to better understanding infertility in Serbia by analysing relevant policies and programmes, data on the epidemiology of infertility, health services, and research findings. The investigation is grounded in the action research methodology, which is built on a shared process of reflection between researchers and participants on selected data and documents. The legal framework reflects modern approaches to a number of challenges in this area. Since the end of 2006, the Republic Health Insurance Fund (RHIF) has been financing the National Infertility Treatment Program with biomedically assisted reproduction (BMAR) procedures. The data on the epidemiology of infertility is not sufficiently addressed in health statistics and representative research. The quality of infertility treatment in Serbia is on par with developed countries, but it doesn?t include the donation of reproductive cells and surrogacy. There is also a lack of research on various aspects of infertility in Serbia from the perspective of different scientific disciplines. It is also hard to understand why, despite considerable possibilities for individual solutions to the problem of infertility in Serbia, the share of children born from BMAR procedures is relatively low.
Insulin Response to Oral Glucose and Cardiometabolic Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study to Assess Potential Causality
Authors: Nguyen Anthony , Khafagy Rana , Meerasa Ameena , Roshandel Delnaz , Paterson Andrew D. , Dash Satya
Published: June 2022

Mendelian randomization (MR) suggests that postprandial hyperinsulinemia (unadjusted for plasma glucose) increases BMI, but its impact on cardiometabolic disease, a leading cause for mortality and morbidity in people with obesity, is not established. Fat distribution i.e., increased centripetal and/or reduced femoro-gluteal adiposity, is causally associated with and better predicts cardiometabolic disease than BMI. We therefore undertook bidirectional MR to assess the effect of corrected insulin response (CIR) (insulin 30 min after a glucose challenge adjusted for plasma glucose) on BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), leg fat, type 2 diabetes (T2D), triglyceride (TG), HDL, liver fat, hypertension (HTN), and coronary artery disease (CAD) in people of European descent. Inverse variance–weighted MR suggests a potential causal association between increased CIR and increased BMI (b = 0.048 ± 0.02, P = 0.03), increased leg fat (b = 0.029 ± 0.012, P = 0.01), reduced T2D (b = −0.73 ± 0.15, P = 6 × 10−7, odds ratio [OR] 0.48 [95% CI 0.36–0.64]), reduced TG (b = −0.07 ± 0.02, P = 0.003), and increased HDL (b = 0.04 ± 0.01, P = 0.006) with some evidence of horizontal pleiotropy. CIR had neutral effects on WHR (b = 0.009 ± 0.02, P = 0.69), liver fat (b = −0.08 ± 0.04, P = 0.06), HTN (b = −0.001 ± 0.004, P = 0.7, OR 1.00 [95% CI 0.99–1.01]), and CAD (b = −0.002 ± 0.002, P = 0.48, OR 0.99 [95% CI 0.81–1.21]). T2D decreased CIR (b −0.22 ± 0.04, P = 1.3 × 10−7), with no evidence that BMI, TG, HDL, liver fat, HTN, and CAD modulate CIR. In conclusion, we did not find evidence that increased CIR increases cardiometabolic disease. It might increase BMI with favorable fat distribution, reduce T2D, and improve lipids.
KEBIJAKAN UNI EROPA RED II DAN DELEGATED ACT TERHADAP PERDAGANGAN PRODUK KELAPA SAWIT INDONESIA
Authors: Sinaga Valerie Selvie , Foekh Refindie Micatie Esani
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara produsen sekaligus pengekspor minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Pada tahun 2018 Uni Eropa memberlakukan Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) 2018/2001 dengan maksud untuk mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dan deforestasi sekaligus meningkatkan penggunaan energi terbarukan. Kebijakan RED II dan Delegated Act telah menempatkan secara implisit kelapa sawit sebagai penyebab dari emisi gas rumah kaca dan deforestasi. RED II dan Delegated Act mengkategorikan kelapa sawit sebagai High Indirect Land Use Change Risk. ILUC terjadi apabila lahan yang dahulunya merupakan lahan pertanian dialihfungsikan untuk memproduksi biofuel, ini sering terjadi pada lahan stok karbon yang tinggi seperti hutan, lahan basah dan lahan gambut, sedangkan kelapa sawit hanya tumbuh di lahan gambut. Indonesia selaku penghasil kelapa sawit mengajukan protes dengan mengajukan gugatan inisiasi awal ke WTO tanggal 9 Desember 2019. Dalam artikel ini akan dibahas permasalahan apakah RED II dan Delegated Act oleh Uni Eropa telah melanggar prinsip Most Favoured Nations (MFN)?  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan kesimpulan bahwa kebijakan RED II dan Delegated Act harus dibatalkan karena melanggar prinsip MFN sebagai prinsip utama dalam perdagangan internasional.

Kata kunci: delegated act; hukum perdagangan internasional; prinsip mfn.

 

ABSTRACT

Indonesia is one of the largest producers and exporters of palm oil in the world. In 2018 the European Union enacted the revision of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) 2018/2001 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation while increasing the use of renewable energy. RED II and Delegated Act policies have implicitly placed oil palm as a cause of greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation. RED II and Delegated Act categorize palm oil as High Indirect Land Use Change Risk (ILUC). ILUC occurs when land that was once agricultural land is converted to produce biofuel. This often occurs on high carbon stock lands such as forests, wetlands, and peatlands. Whereas only oil palm grows on peatlands. Indonesia did not accept the RED II Policy and Delegated Act by filing a lawsuit with initial initiation to the WTO on 9 December 2019. This article tried to seek whether RED II and Delegated Act policies violate the Most Favored Nations (MFN) principle. The research method used is normative juridical. It is concluded that RED II and Delegated Act policies must be revoked because they violate the principle of MFN as a main principle in international trade.

Keywords: delegated act; international trade law; mfn principle.
KEBIJAKAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN ATAS PELANGGARAN ADMINISTRASI TATA RUANG DAN ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN SEMPADAN SUNGAI DALAM RANGKA TERWUJUDNYA TATA RUANG YANG BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Siregar Wildan , Nurlinda Ida , Priyanta Maret
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAKPenataan ruang merupakan salah satu instrument pengendalian dan pengeleloaan lingkungan hidup, pemanfaatan ruang harus sesuai dengan peruntukannya dengan mempertimbangkan keberlanjutan lingkungan sesuai dengan fungsinya, pemanfaatan ruang yang berkualitas yakni mewujudkan perlindungan fungsi ruang dan mencegah serta menanggulangi dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan, dan mewujudkan keseimbangan antara kepentingan ekologi, sosial dan ekonomi. Tata ruang sering di abaikan dalam pemanfaatannya, misalnya pelangaran atas sempadan sungai, Sempadan sungai berfungsi sebagai ruang penyangga antara ekosistem sungai dan daratan, agar fungsi sungai dan kegiatan manusia tidak saling terganggu. namun pada kenyataannya sempadan sungai beralih fungsi yang berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan. Penataan ruang memiliki peranan penting untuk menjaga fungsi fungsi ruang yang berkelanjutan, segala pemanfaatan ruang harus berdasarkan kajian RTRW yang sudah di rumuskan ke dalam peraturan tata ruang baik di level Nasional dan daerah, yang saling bersinergi satu sama lain. Untuk di level daerah peran dari pemerintah daerah sangatlah penting dalam pengambilan keputusan pemanfaatan ruang, perlu upaya yang serius dan konsisten untuk selalu bersandar kepada peraturan tata ruang. Sehingga pemanfaatan sesuai dengan fungsinya dapat terwujud dan kerusakan lingkungan dapat di Kelola dengan baik. Kata kunci: penegakan hukum lingkungan; tata ruang; pembangunan berkelanjutan; sempadan sungai

ABSTRACTSpatial planning is one of the environmental control and management instruments, the use of space must be in accordance with its designation by considering environmental sustainability in accordance with its function, quality use of space, namely realizing the protection of space functions and preventing and overcoming negative impacts on the environment, and realizing a balance between ecological interests. , social and economic. Spatial planning is often neglected in its utilization, for example the violation of river boundaries. River borders function as a buffer space between river ecosystems and land, so that river functions and human activities are not disturbed by each other. but in reality the river border has changed its function which has a negative impact on the environment. Spatial planning has an important role to maintain sustainable spatial functions, all spatial uses must be based on the RTRW study that has been formulated into spatial regulations both at the national and regional levels, which synergize with each other. At the regional level, the role of local governments is very important in making decisions on spatial use, serious and consistent efforts are needed to always rely on spatial regulations. So that utilization according to its function can be realized and environmental damage can be managed properly.Keywords: environmental law enforcement; spatial planning; sustainable development; river border
MENINJAU ULANG GAGASAN GREEN CONSTITUTION: MENGUNGKAP MISKONSEPSI DAN KRITIK
Authors: Nur Fauzan Muhammad Pasha
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK

Belakangan, green constitution menjadi kajian hukum yang menarik ketika menyoal perlindungan lingkungan di Indonesia. Beberapa ahli menyoroti prospeknya dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan lingkungan di Indonesia. Namun, terlepas dari prospeknya tersebut, apakah green constitution sebagai gagasan intelektual merupakan gagasan yang valid, terjustifikasi, dan memiliki dasar fakta serta logika yang kuat? Tulisan ini diarahkan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut. Dalam upaya menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis berusaha menguraikan green constitution beserta fondasi filosofisnya dengan membedahnya ke dalam dua titik penekanan, yakni penekanan ontologis dan penekanan etis. Artikel ini mendapati bahwa gagasan green constitution berbicara lebih dari sekedar konstitusionalisasi norma hukum lingkungan, sebab green constitution merupakan kritik terhadap struktur politik yang bersifat antroposentris, sehingga menjadi pangkal dari berbagai masalah lingkungan. Artikel ini juga berkesimpulan bahwa green constitution memiliki beberapa kegagalan dalam segi ontologis dan etis sehingga, gagasan green constitution merupakan gagasan dengan dasar logika dan fakta yang lemah.

Kata kunci: Antroposentrisme; Ekosentrisme; Green Constitution; Konstitusi; Lingkungan

 

ABSTRACT

Green constitution has become an interesting topic in legal studies concerning environmental protection in Indonesia. Some jurists highlight it’s prospect to solve the environmental crisis in Indonesia. However, regardless of its prospective offer, it is still necessary to question whether green constitution as an intellectual idea was valid, justified, with strong logical and factual foundation; this article is aimed to answer that question. This article elaborates the key concept of green constitution and its philosophical foundation by dissecting the concept into two points: ontological and ethical. This article finds that the concept of green constitution is more than just the constitutionalization of environmental law norms. Green constitution is a critique of anthropocentric political structures as a root of various environmental problems. This article then concluded that the concept of green constitution has some failures in both ontological and ethical points; therefore, the concept has no solid logical and factual foundation.

Keywords: Anthropocentrism; Constitution; Ecocentrism; Environment; Green Constitution
DEKONSTRUKSI PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN MELALUI OTONOMI DAERAH DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR PASCA OMNIBUS LAW
Authors: Kusumaputra Ardhiwinda
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK

Dinamika hukum pengelolaan sumber daya air di Indonesia, telah mengarahkan pada suatu bentuk inkonsistensi pengaturannya. Terjadinya tarik ulur hak otonomi, antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah, terlihat sejak adanya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja (Omnibus Law). Terdapat dua masalah utama, pertama, mengapa terjadi reduksi hak otonomi Pemerintah Daerah dalam hal melakukan pengelolaan atas sumber daya air pasca berlakunya UU No. 11 Tahun 2020? Kedua, bagaimana upaya yang dilakukan untuk tetap mengoptimalkan hak otonomi pemerintah daerah dalam melakukan pengelolaan sumber daya air pasca berlakunya UU No. 11 Tahun 2020? Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif. Dilakukan pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan hermeneutika. Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD NRI 1945, menjadi dasar konstitusional bagi Pemerintah Pusat untuk memperkuat kewenangannya atas sumber daya air. Pemerintah daerah lebih diarahkan sebagai pelaksana dari pemerintah pusat. Apalagi, UU No. 11 Tahun 2020 dimaksudkan untuk percepatan pertumbuhan investasi oleh Pemerintah Pusat. Oleh karena itu, dekonstruksi atas prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan ini dilakukan dengan mengarahkan pada prosperity bagi masyarakat ditingkat daerah dari adanya sumber daya air. Memaksimalkan peran pengawasan dari pemerintah daerah.

Kata kunci: Dekonstruksi; Pembangunan Berkelanjutan; Otonomi Daerah; Sumber Daya Air

 

ABSTRACT

Regulation of water resources management in Indonesia, has led to inconsistency in its regulation. The tug-of-war between the central government and local governments has taken place since Law Act Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (Omnibus Law) was introduced. First, why there are a reduction in the autonomy rights of the Regional Government in terms of managing water resources after the enactment of Act No. 11 Year 2020? Second, how are the efforts made to continue to optimize the autonomy rights of local governments in managing water resources after the enactment of Act no. 11 Year 2020? This research is a normativejuridical research. A statutory and hermeneutical approach is carried out. Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia becomes the constitutional basis for the Central Government to strengthen its authority over water resources. Local governments are more directed as implementers of the central government. Moreover, Act no. 11 of 2020 is intended to accelerate investment growth by the Central Government. Therefore, the deconstruction of the principle of sustainable development is carried out by directing the prosperity for the community at the regional level from the presence of water resources. Maximizing the supervisory role of the Regional Government.

Keywords: Deconstruction; Sustainable Development; Regional autonomy; Water resources
ARAH PENGATURAN TERKAIT PEMBANGUNAN PLTU DI INDONESIA SEBAGAI BENTUK KOMITMEN TERHADAP PARIS CLIMATE AGREEMENT
Authors: Dzahabiyyah Nenden , Priyanta Maret , Adharani Yulinda
Published: June 2022

ABSTRAK

Perubahan iklim berdampak pada kehidupan masyarakat dan mengancam keadilan lintas generasi, untuk itulah Paris Agreement dibentuk. Salah satu sektor yang mempengaruhi perubahan iklim adalah sektor ketenagalistrikan yang contohnya adalah penggunaan bahan bakar fosil pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Artikel ini akan membahas mengenai arah pengaturan terkait dengan pembangunan PLTU di Indonesia dengan melihat juga komitmen Indonesia terhadap Paris Agreement. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, tingkat ketergantungan Indonesia terhadap PLTU masih tinggi sampai dengan tahun 2030, akan tetapi pemerintah sudah mulai menyelaraskan target kebutuhan listrik dalam negerinya melalui RUPTL 2021-2030 dengan target capaian yang tercantum pada dokumen NDC sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab Indonesia dalam melaksanakan implementasi dari Paris Agreement. Persentase target pembangunan PLTU menjadi berkurang, dan target pembangunan pembangkit listrik non-energi fosil bertambah. Sehingga, dapat dikatakan bahwa sudah terlihat adanya keselarasan yang dibentuk oleh pemerintah Indonesia antara pemenuhan kebutuhan listrik dalam negerinya dengan tanggung jawab Indonesia sebagai pihak dalam perjanjian internasional.

Kata Kunci: Paris Agreement; Perubahan Iklim; PLTU.

 

ABSTRACT

 Climate change has impacts on people's lives and threatens inter-generational equity, that's why the Paris Agreement was formed. One of the sector that affects climate change is electricity, which is the use of fossil fuels in Steam-Fired Power Plants. This article will discuss the direction of regulation related to the PLTU establishment in Indonesia by looking at Indonesia's commitment to the Paris Agreement. Based on this research, Indonesia's level of dependence on PLTU is high until 2030, however, the government has begun to align its electricity demand-targets through the 2021-2030 RUPTL with the targets listed in the NDC as a form of Indonesia's responsibility on Paris Agreement. The target percentage for PLTU establishment reduced, and for the construction of non-fossil power plants is increasing. Thus, it can be said that there has been an alignment established by the government between the fulfillment of domestic electricity and responsibilities on the agreement.

Keywords: Paris Agreement; Climate Change; Steam-Fired Power Plant.
C. S. Peirce, vida e obra
Authors: Santaella Lucia
Published: June 2022

A vida de Peirce teve um período de ascensão, seguido por um crescente declínio até o ponto de ter sobrevivido, na idade madura, na dependência cada vez mais necessária da generosidade de seu amigo William James. Este artigo acompanha as dificuldades, tortuosidades e vicissitudes, uma verdadeira saga vivida pela organização e publicação das 12.000 páginas que publicou em vida e das 100 mil páginas que deixou em manuscritos. As expectativas de uma publicação à altura do valor dessa obra e as dificuldades para que isso se realize geram um desconcertante paralelismo entre os destinos da vida de Peirce e os de sua obra.
Influence of bioconversion conditions of grain raw materials on the volatile substances composition of distillates
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Palianytsia L. , Berezovska N. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kosiv R. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: June 2022

The qualitative and quantitative composition of volatile substances of distillates obtained by bioconversion of wheat and rye under the conditions of using different enzyme preparations complexes were studied. It is shown that the content of higher alcohols in rye and wheat distillates increases by 33 and 39%, respectively, for which Laminex BG2 was additionally used as a source of cellulase, and the concentration of furfural increases by 2.2-3.5 times. The concentration of volatile substances in distillates indicates that the fungus Protease GS106 is more effective in bioconversion of both cereals than the bacterial Neutrase 1.5MG.
Tekstianalyysin perusteet yleistajuisesti
Authors: Virtanen Mikko T.
Published: June 2022

Arvioitu teos
Vesa Heikkinen: Tekstianalyysi. Miksi kielellisillä vallinnoilla on merkitystä? Helsinki: Gaudeamus 2020. 352 s. isbn 978-952-345-080-6.
Antioxidant capacity and hydrogen peroxide formation by black and orange carrots
Authors: Bartosz Grzegorz , Baran Sabina , Grzesik-Pietrasiewicz Michalina , Sadowska-Bartosz Izabela
Published: June 2022

Anthocyanins are powerful antioxidants with numerous beneficial health effects. However, their autoxidation may produce hydrogen peroxide. Black carrots owe their colour to the high anthocyanin content. The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant capacity of and hydrogen generation by black and orange carrots. Black carrots were found to have a significantly higher anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity estimated by the FRAP assay, DPPH scavenging and ABTS• scavenging. Carrot, like other vegetables, generates hydrogen peroxide upon cooking. Black carrots generated much more hydrogen peroxide than orange carrots (55.0 ± 2.6 µM vs 6.0 ± 2.1 µM in phosphate buffer, 8.7 ± 1.2 vs 0.3 ± 0.1 µM in water, in 1:5 (w/v) homogenates. These small amounts of hydrogen peroxide are not likely to exert deleterious health effects but may have antimicrobial activity.
Experience network platforms in environmental issues and organization of regional fishery activities
Authors: Sergeev Leonid Ivanovich , Sergeev Dmitriy Leonidovich
Published: June 2022

The article generalizes the parameters of the dynamics and the relationship of expenditures under financing from the federal budget for the conservation of aquatic biological resources and the production of commercial aquaculture products. The expenses on conservation of the aquatic bioresources and development of aquaculture under Protection and Control subprogram for the past years and appointments until 2024 are considered. Feedback on services and impressions of the products of the enterprises of the Fisheries Complex are studied on the Internet resources. The complex of various organizational and methodological works of improving the environmental safety and developing the environmental standards of fisheries management is considered. There are shown the results of responses in the Yandex search system to the requests on protection of fish stocks and ecological reproduction of aquatic biological resources. The experience of the research and analytical network products in the field of fisheries management is considered. It is emphasized that by summarizing the information of online representative offices, websites and forums it is possible to attract potential customers and consumers of seafood. The Yandex search system has analyzed the requests on organizing the trade of fish products with responses and results of functioning the relevant sites per month. A case of generalizing the staff reviews in social networks about working conditions at fishery enterprises is demonstrated. The conclusion about the growing expenses of business structures on ecological reproduction is substantiated. It is stated that in the conditions of digital economy the opinions and feedback as important factors of economic development are acquiring a new meaning in the activities of the fisheries complex. The importance of taking into account the feedback and opinions on network platforms to improve the activities of business structures in the fish industry is emphasized.
Regional Economic Integration and Its Impact on Income Distribution and the Poverty Level: The Case of the WAEMU Zone
Authors: Yameogo Claire E. W. , Omojolaibi Joseph A.
Published: June 2022

This study investigated the influence of regional economic integration (REI) on poverty reduction and the revenue distribution in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) over the period 1994–2018. The second generation panel unit root tests and the Westerlund panel cointegration test were employed for preliminary analysis. The elasticities of the variables were investigated using the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) approach. The results showed that REI reduced income inequality and increased the poverty rate. Moreover, the causal relationship revealed the presence of a bidirectional relationship between REI and poverty. The feedback causal effect operated between REI and remittances, while unidirectional causality runs from REI to income inequality, from economic growth per capita to income inequality, from remittances to poverty, from the control of corruption to income inequality, and from remittances to economic growth. Consequently, the study recommends an easing of governmental regional integration restrictions and provision of subsidies that help to increase the volume of trade and financial development while reducing poverty in the union.
Demographic Analysis of the Makkah Province for the Purpose of Evaluating the Balance of the Urban System
Authors: Derbali Amani , Farhi Abdallah
Published: June 2022

Reaching a well-adjusted population distribution is a major challenge for urban settlements. Various research works have been focusing on evaluating the demographic balance of urban systems worldwide. Regularities in population distribution among urban settlements have been noticed and confirmed by empirical studies in the contemporary era. These studies assert that both rank of a city in the demographic hierarchy and its population size are proportionally correlated in a balanced urban system. It has been proved that this correlation is established according to mathematical theories that have been scientifically identified and proved through in-depth research. This article aims to check the conformity of the population distribution of the Makkah Province to two main demographic, organisational theories. In this article, there will be an attempt to measure the variations, evaluate and assess the deviations, interpret the result thereof, and then compare the outcomes of the two methods applied on the Makkah Province.
RANCANGAN DAN PROSES MANAJEMEN RISIKO PADA PT SURYA SELARAS CITA
Authors: Yoewono Janeta Odelia , Prasetyo Aries Heru
Published: June 2022

PT. Surya Selaras Cita (SSC) merupakan anak perusahaan PT. SAMRAT yang bergerak di bidang jasa keuangan dan juga melayani administrasi kantor. Sebagai perusahaan muda, tentunya penting untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran akan pentingnya penerapan manajemen risiko pada seluruh proses bisnis untuk meminimalisir hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan. Rumusan masalah yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah apa saja risiko yang teridentifikasi dalam proses bisnis perusahaan? Sejauh mana tingkat kemungkinan dan dampak di tiap-tiap risiko, bagaimana profil risiko perusahaan dan apa saja usulan perlakuan risiko yang dapat diajukan guna mengawal pencapaian sasaran kinerja perusahaan. Untuk menjawab rumusan masalah tersebut, pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Proses manajemen risiko yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma ISO 31000:2018 karena kesesuaian dengan kebutuhan manajemen puncak untuk mengakomodasi aspirasi pemegang saham yakni meningkatkan valuasi perusahaan. Proses manajemen risiko dilakukan mulai dari menentukan ruang lingkup, konteks dan kriteria, melakukan identifikasi, analisis dan menentukan perlakuan apa yang akan dilakukan terhadap suatu risiko. Setelah proses identifikasi risiko dilakukan, dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat 4 kategori risiko yaitu risiko operasional, kredit, strategi, dan reputasi. Hasil dari penilaian risiko yaitu terdapat 18 risiko berada di area tinggi dan 17 risiko berada di area sangat tinggi. Untuk itu perusahaan harus menyadari tentang adanya risiko dan segera melakukan perlakuan untuk meminimalisir kemungkinan terjadinya dan dampak yang dihasilkan dari risiko.  PT. Surya Selaras Cita is a subsidiary of PT. SAMRAT that provides financial services and office administration. As young company, it is important to implementing risk management in all business processes to minimize unwanted things. The study starts several research questions: what are risks that can be identified? What is the level of risk for each identified risk? What is company’s risk profile and what are risk treatment activity that must be done in order to minimize the risk. The proposed risk management system is developed based on ISO 31000:2018 because in accordance with objectives of ISO 31000 that it creating and protecting company value. The process of risk management is start from determining scope, context, and criteria, identifying, analyzing and determining what treatment will be done. After the risk identification process, it can be seen that there are 4 categories of risk. That is operational risk, credit risk, strategy risk, and legal risk. The result of the risk assessment is there are 18 risks in high area and 17 risk in very high area. Therefore the company must be aware of the risk and immediately determine the treatment to minimize the possibility and impact resulting from the risk.
DIGITAL BASED CAPABILITIES IN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Tobing Agustinus Nicholas , Purba John Tampil , Hariandja Evo , Parani Rizaldi
Published: June 2022

Asuransi jiwa penting karena menawarkan perlindungan untuk mengurangi risiko bagi pemegang polis. Industri asuransi jiwa di Indonesia memiliki kontribusi yang signifikan dalam industri keuangan Indonesia meskipun mengalami fenomena tingkat penetrasi yang rendah, literasi yang buruk, perlindungan konsumen dan praktik misselling. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus melalui serangkaian wawancara mendalam pada beberapa perusahaan asuransi jiwa dengan mengeksplorasi pengamalam transformasi digital mereka. Kajian ini mengeksplorasi kondisi eksisting perusahaan asuransi jiwa Indonesia dalam mengembangkan kapabilitas dinamis berbasis digital serta kapabilitas transformasional penyediaan layanan dalam menciptakan SCA digital untuk bertahan di industri asuransi jiwa Indonesia. Studi ini mengidentifikasi dan membahas tiga tema utama yang terdiri dari pengembangan perjalanan pelanggan yang tepat, mendapatkan kepercayaan, dan tantangan utama sebagai faktor kunci keberhasilan dalam mengembangkan dan menggunakan kemampuan tersebut. Penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga proposisi dan menyarankan studi eksplanatori lebih lanjut untuk mengkaji proposisi-proposisi tersebut. Life insurance is important as it offers protection to mitigate risks for the policyholders. Life insurance industry in Indonesia has a significant contribution in Indonesia financial industry although it experiences phenomena of low penetration rate, poor literacy, consumer protection and misselling practices. This study used case study approach through series of deep dive interviews with selected life insurance companies exploring their digital transformation experiences. This study explored the existing conditions of Indonesia lifeinsurance companies in developing their digital based dynamic capabilities as well as the service provisioning transformational capability in creating the digital SCA to survive in Indonesia life insurance industry. This study identified and discussed three key themes consisted of development of the right customer journey, earn trust, and key challenges as key success factor in developing and exercising the said capabilities. The study resulted in three propositions and suggested further explanatory study to examine the propositions.
PENGARUH FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS DAN KETERAMPILAN TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN WIRAUSAHA WANITA
Authors: Setiawan Jennifer , Soelaiman Lydiawati
Published: June 2022

Wirausaha wanita mempunyai karakteristik yang khusus dibanding wirausaha umumnya yaitu cara menanggapi suatu bisnis sebagai sistem yang saling terhubung dan menyatu antara pekerjaan, keluarga dan masyarakat. Aktivitas kewirausahaan wanita telah diadopsi oleh banyak negara termasuk negara berkembang seperti Indonesia dan telah memberikan kontribusi bagi pembangunan ekonomi, pemberantas kemiskinan, penciptaan lapangan kerja, dan peningkatan sosial. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang perlu menjadi perhatian dalam keberhasilan wirausaha wanita diantaranya yaitu faktor psikologis dan keterampilan. Karakteristik psikologis utama yang terkait dengan kesuksesan kewirausahaan adalah kebutuhan untuk berprestasi, locus of control, kecenderungan mengambil risiko, self-efficacy, dan inovasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh efikasi diri, locus of control, inovasi, kecenderungan mengambil risiko, kebutuhan untuk berprestasi, dan keterampilan terhadap keberhasilan wirausaha wanita di Jakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Data yang terkumpul sebanyak 356 responden wirausaha wanita di Jakarta dan kemudian diolah menggunakan PLS-SEM. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh efikasi diri, locus of control, inovasi, kecenderungan mengambil risiko, kebutuhan untuk berprestasi, dan keterampilan terhadap keberhasilan wirausaha wanita di Jakarta. Female entrepreneurs have unique characteristics such as responding to a business as an interconnected and integrated system of work, family and society. Female entrepreneur’s activities have been adopted in many countries including developing countries like Indonesia. It has contributed to economic growth, poverty eradication, employment, and social improvement. Several factors need more attention in the success of female entrepreneurs such as psychological and skills. The main psychological characteristics associated with entrepreneurial success are the need for achievement, locus of control, risk-taking propensity, self-efficacy, and innovation. This research was conducted to discover whether there is an influence of self-efficacy, locus of control, innovation, risk-taking propensity, need for achievement, dan skills towards female’s entrepreneurial success in Jakarta. This study was used purposive sampling and snowball sampling with a sample of female entrepreurs in Jakarta. The data was collected from 356 participants who responded to the survey and processed using PLS-SEM. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence of self-efficacy, locus of control, innovation, risk-taking propensity, need for achievement, dan skills towards female’s entrepreneur success in Jakarta.
S-COMMERCE CUES SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR TERHADAP REPURCHASE INTENTION: CUSTOMER SATISFACTION SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
Authors: Sherly Sherly , Keni Keni
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memprediksi repurchase intention melalui s-commerce cues (reliability dan responsiveness) dan customer satisfaction sebagai variabel mediasi. Sebanyak 155 responden yang dapat digunakan pada penelitian ini. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) dengan software berupa SmartPLS. Dalam penelitian ini, reliability dan customer satisfaction dapat memprediksi secara positif serta signifikan pada repurchase intention, namun responsiveness dapat memprediksi secara positif repurchase intention, namun tidak signifikan. Reliability dan responsiveness dapat memprediksi secara positif dan signifikan customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction juga dapat memediasi reliability dan responsiveness pada repurchase intention. Melalui penelitian ini, s-commerce dapat mengimplementasikan strategi pemasaran dengan memperhatikan reliability, responsiveness, dan customer satisfaction yang dapat meningkatkan repurchase intention.This study is to shows how customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between s-commerce (social commerce) cues (i.e. reliability and responsiveness) and repurchase intention. Data was collected, where 155 respondents can be used for this study. The hypothesis testing used in this study is Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis with SmartPLS software. The study shows that reliability and customer satisfaction has positive and significant effect on repurchase intention, but responsiveness has been found not significant, but has positive effect on repurchase intention. Reliability and responsiveness has been found positive and significant on customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction has been found can mediate reliability and responsiveness toward repurchase intention. From this study, s-commerce can implement their marketing strategies through reliability, responsiveness and customer satisfaction that may leads to repurchase intention.
THE ROLES OF VIRTUAL CHALLENGE AND DIVERSION IN PAY TO PLAY (P2P) PRACTICES AMONG INDONESIAN MOBILE GAMERS
Authors: Rizky Ghina , Syahrivar Jhanghiz , Wei Yuling , Chairy Chairy
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi niat bermain dan membayar (P2P) pada game seluler. Pasar game seluler sedang tumbuh dan menguntungkan. Dalam hal pendapatan, Indonesia adalah salah satu pasar game terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Namun, perusahaan game lokal hanya memiliki persentase pasar yang sangat kecil. Beberapa konsep yang terkait dengan P2P dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu fleksibilitas waktu, pengalihan, dan tantangan. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan berhasil mengumpulkan 324 mobile gamer bergenre Strategy, Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) dan Action. Untuk menganalisis data, penelitian ini menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) melalui software SPSS dan AMOS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Tantangan memiliki efek positif terhadap niat bermain game seluler dan niat membayar barang virtual 2) Niat bermain game seluler memiliki efek positif terhadap niat membayar barang virtual 3) Pengalihan memiliki efek positif terhadap niat membayar barang virtual dan 4) Niat bermain game seluler memediasi secara parsial hubungan antara tantangan dan niat membayar barang virtual. This research aims to investigate factors influencing the intention to play and pay (P2P) in mobile games. The mobile games market is growing and lucrative. In terms of revenue, Indonesia is one of Southeast Asia's biggest gaming markets. However, local gaming companies only own a very small percentage of the market. Several P2P-related concepts are incorporated in this research, namely time flexibility, diversion, and challenge. This quantitative research used a purposive sampling technique to recruit 324 mobile gamers from Strategy, Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) and Action genres. To analyse the data, this research employed Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) via SPSS and AMOS software. The results show that 1) Challenge has positive effects on the intention to play mobile games and the intention to pay for virtual items 2) The intention to play mobile games has a positive effect on the intention to pay for virtual items 3) Diversion has a positive effect on the intention to pay for virtual items and 4) The intention to play mobile games partially mediates the relationship between challenge and the intention to pay for virtual items.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI LITERASI KEUANGAN MAHASISWA FAKULTAS BISNIS UNIVERSITAS KRISTEN MARANATHA
Authors: Lee Eric Spiro , Ida Ida
Published: June 2022

Mahasiswa merupakan bagian masyarakat yang berpendidikan tinggi mempunyai kebebasan di dalam mengambil keputusan keuangan individu. Mahasiswa cenderung belajar tentang keuangan dari pengalaman mereka sendiri, tetapi itu tidak menjadikan mahasiswa sebagai praktisi keuangan yang pandai di masa sekarang ini. Maksud peneliti melakukan studi ialah guna mendapatkan jawaban atas faktor- faktor yang dapat digunakan sebagai indikator yang memengaruhi literasi keuangan. Peneliti melakukan penyebaran kuesioner untuk menghimpun data kepada mahasiswa Fakultas Bisnis Universitas Kristen Maranatha dan terdapat 98 responden yang menyelesaikan data secara lengkap. Selanjutnya peneliti melakukan analisis data menggunakan Smart PLS 3 untuk melakukan pengolahan data, dengan efek lanjutan yang diperoleh dari studi ini ialah faktor gaya hidup serta pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi dapat dijadikan sebagai variabel yang memengaruhi kemampuan keuangan mahasiswa dikarenakan memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap literasi keuangan dari mahasiswa Fakultas Bisnis Universitas Kristen Maranatha. Responden di dalam studi ini mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan usia 21 tahun, pendapatan orang tua berkisar Rp 4.000.000 – Rp 6.000.000, angkatan 2018, IPK 3,51-4.00. Hasil pada studi yang telah dilakukan bermaksud agar dapat menambah pengetahuan mengenai faktor-faktor yang dapat memberikan pengaruh pada tingkat literasi keuangan.  Students are part of society with a very large financial contribution. Students are also highly educated individuals, so they must have a proper education. Students usually have the freedom to make individual financial decisions. When it comes to finance, many students learn from their own experiences, but that doesn't make them smart financial decision in today's life. The purpose of this research is to explore the elements that can be used as indicators of financial understanding. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to students of the Business Faculty of Maranatha Christian University and there were 98 respondents who completed complete data. The data is processed using Smart PLS 3. The results of the study show that lifestyle and learning factors in higher education can be used as variables that affect students' financial abilities because they have a positive influence students' financial literacy from Maranatha Christian University School of Business. The majority of respondents in this study are women with the age of 21 years, parents' income ranges from IDR 4,000,000 - IDR 6,000,000, 2018 class, GPA 3.51-4.00.. The results of this study are intended to provide the factors that affect the level of financial literacy.
ANALISIS PENGUNGKAPAN EMISI KARBON DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wirawan Jessica , Setijaningsih Herlin Tundjung
Published: June 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui board diversity, profitability, dan leverage memengaruhi carbon emission disclosure. Dalam penelitian ini, jenis kelamin direksi digunakan untuk mengukur variabel independen board diversity, Return on Assets (ROA) untuk mengukur profitability, Debt to Equity (DER) untuk mengukur leverage, dan variabel dependen Carbon Emission Disclosure diukur dengan menggunakan Carbon Emission Disclosure Index yang diadaptasi dari penelitian Choi, et al. (2013). Dalam penelitian ini, media exposure merupakan variabel moderasi. Dengan menggunakan purposive sample, penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan otomotif yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada rentang waktu 2018-2020. Data dianalisis dengan Eviews versi 10.. Hasil penelitian ini adalah board diversity, profitability, leverage secara parsial tidak berpengaruh terhadap carbon emission disclosure. Media exposure memperkuat pengaruh board diversity terhadap carbon emission disclosure. Tetapi media exposure tidak memperkuat pengaruh profitability terhadap carbon emission disclosure dan tidak memperlemah pengaruh leverage terhadap carbon emission disclosure. The purpose of this study is to find board diversity, profitability, and leverage affect carbon emission disclosures. In this study, the gender of the board of directors is used to measure the independent variable of board diversity, Return on Assets (ROA) measured by profitability, Debt to Equity (DER) measured by leverage, and the dependent variable Carbon Emission Disclosure is measured using the adapted Carbon Emission Disclosure Index. from the research of Choi, et al. (2013). In this study, media exposure is a moderating variable. By using a purposive sample, this study uses automotive companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2018-2020 period. The data were analyzed using Eviews version 10. The results of this study are board diversity, profitability, leverage partially have no effect on carbon emission disclosures. Media exposure strengthens the effect of board diversity on carbon emission disclosures. However, media exposure does not strengthen the effect of profitability on carbon emission disclosures and does not weaken the effect of leverage on carbon emission disclosures.