bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reminiscências de um Neurocirurgião (atualmente o mais antigo do Brasil)
Authors: Drummond Murillo Côrtes
Published: December 2020

Homens pré-históricos, no afã de liberar maus fluidos abriam crânios, esvaziando hematomas. Seriam eles os primeiros neurocirurgiões?
Fatos Pitorescos da Vida de um Neurocirurgião
Authors: Ramina Ricardo
Published: December 2020

Nos idos de 1973, iniciando a minha formação em Neurocirurgia como estudante estagiário no serviço de neurocirurgia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba, os diagnósticos de doenças neurológicas e neurocirúrgicas eram realizados através de arteriografias por punção direta das carótidas, pneumoencefalografias e mielografias. [...]
Rural landscapes in Latvia: a comparative analysis of representations and perceptions
Authors:   Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Social, Economic and Humanities Research, Klepers Andris , Druva-Druvaskalne Iveta ,   Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Social, Economic and Humanities Research
Published: December 2020

As a reflection of Latvian identity, the country’s rural landscapes are a living embodiment of both natural and cultural heritage, contributing to quality of life for local communities and serving as a magnetic pulling factor for international tourists. Traditional farmsteads (viensētas) are perceived as symbolic spaces which have developed gradually, especially since the 19th Century, through annual cycles of farm work alongside extensive farming. Yet their existence is threatened by the impact of transitional changes such as depopulation, globalisation, the non-competitive nature of traditional farming models, and changes in society and the lifestyle of young people. Many abandoned farmsteads are disappearing under large areas of cropland or forest, and some newly built private houses do not have a connection with the traditional rural landscape. The aim of this study is to explore the way that perceptions of farmsteads and rural landscapes have changed over time within local communities. This is done by comparing representations of countryside landscape ideals in the media from 1920 to 1940 and perceptions of farmsteads as an element of countryside landscapes within local rural communities today (<12 % of the population of Latvia lived on a farmstead in 2019). The findings show that in the period when most people lived in the countryside, a particular kind of idealised rural landscape was often visually represented in the mainstream media, strengthening stereotypes about symbolic landscapes. These concepts are still strongly rooted in the perceptions of current rural inhabitants and there was consensus among respondents about the elements which are associated with high-quality rural landscapes. Although the daily routines of the traditional farmstead today have been changed by a number of factors and many elements of the rural landscape have lost their functionality, symbolism — including the iconic image of separate family farmsteads — helps to maintain a continuing metanarrative of national identity, creating nostalgic ties which lead many to have a preference for living in the countryside, holding perceptions about the availability of various ecosystem services next door which will improve their quality of life.
Seasonality in the landscape of Latvia: a phenological calendar
Authors:   University of Latvia, Kalvāne Gunta , Kalvāns Andis ,   University of Latvia
Published: December 2020

Phenological parameters such as blooming, maturity phases and bird migration are among the most visible indicators of climate change. In this study, we carried out a complete evaluation of available phenological data for the territory of Latvia for the period from 1970 to 2018. We examined 148 phenological phases spanning six taxonomic groups – plants, animals, insects, amphibians, fish and mushrooms. Separately we considered crops and abiotic phenomena like the first snowfall, the last spring frost and agricultural activities such as the beginning of livestock grazing, potato planting, etc. As a result, a calendar of natural rhythms was established for the Latvian landscape, indicating the most frequent or most representative accession time for these phenological phases and the earliest and latest accession values between 1970 and 2018.
The film industry in Latvia as a potential resource for tourism development
Authors:   Turiba University, Faculty of International Tourism, Vinklere Daina , Kasa Ilze ,   Turiba University, Faculty of International Tourism, Ludzina Ingrida ,   Turiba University, Faculty of International Tourism
Published: December 2020

During a time of increasing competition in the tourism sector and growing demand for new tourism products, all stakeholders must more actively utilise non-traditional tourism resources. The film industry certainly counts as one of them. Although film-induced tourism has become quite popular round the world and maintains significant influence, these developments and research into this area have not gained enough attention in Latvia. The objective of this research is to examine the film industry as a tourism resource based on an analysis of the available public information on film production locations, related promotions for tourists in Latvia and the interest and experience of the general public in these types of tourist attractions. The results of the research prove the potential of the film industry, the existence of certain pieces of groundwork and at the same time the moderate interest of potential clients in engaging these resources and adding to Latvia’s tourist turnover.
Analisis faktor prioritas dan kriteria keberhasilan implementasi TQM pada industri module maker
Authors: Saputra Yayan , Hasibuan Sawarni
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research is to determine the key success factors for the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) as the core of quality improvement in all elements of the module-making industry, which during the past five years did not have achieved the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) customer standard. In the initial stage, a literature review and previous research were carried out on critical success factors for the implementation of TQM in various sectors, then a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted to determine the structuring of the relationship between the success factors and the weight of the success factors for TQM implementation in the module maker industry using the Analytic method. Network Process (ANP). The main priority factors for the successful implementation of TQM in the module maker industry are the perspective of total organizational involvement, followed successively in the quality system perspective, the partnership perspective for customers & suppliers, the training & education perspective, and the measurement & information perspective. The most important criteria for each perspective are top management commitment, continuous improvement, focus on customer satisfaction, and performance measurement.
Increased sensitization rate to tree pollen of allergic children and altered pollen season in Seoul metropolitan area, Korea
Authors: Lee Kyung Suk , Kim Kyunghoon , Choi Young-Jin , Yang Seung , Kim Chang-Ryul , Moon Jin-Hwa , Kim Kyu Rang , Lee Yung-Seop , Oh Jae-Won
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Children with allergy may increase a chance to sensitize
the allergic pollens with several environmental changes. Purpose of this
study was to investigate the correlation with alternation of pollination
associated with meteorological changes and increased sensitization rate
of pollen allergens of children in Seoul metropolitan area, Korea.
Methods: There were recruited 8,295 children who visited the pediatric
allergic clinics at Hanyang University Seoul and Guri Hospital for
allergy symptoms from January 1st, 1998 to December 31st, 2019. The
pollen was collected by Burkard 7 days-sampler in 2 hospitals during the
study. Meteorological data was investigated from Korea Meteorological
Administration. Results: Allergic sensitization of oak, hazel, and alder
pollens had the highest rate of increase among major tree pollens, an
increase of 0.28% annually. The sensitization rate to pollen was
increased with younger age group yearly. The duration of pollen season
was 98 days in 1998, but 140 days in 2019. The duration of the pollen
seasons and pollen sensitization rate to trees were positively
correlated. The relationship between the sensitization rate to pollens
and accumulated temperature were also correlated, positively.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the correlation between the weather
changes and consequent changes of pollen seasons with increasing the
sensitization rate to allergic pollens in children in Seoul metropolitan
area. In addition, there was an increase in the sensitization rate in
younger age group from year to year. Continuous changes in distribution
of pollens raised from meteorological changes are expected from now on.
Impacts of global warming of 1.50C, 2.00C and 3.00C on hydrologic regimes in the northeastern U.S.
Authors: Siddique Ridwan , Mejia Alfonso , Mizukami Naoki , Palmer Richard
Published: December 2020

Regional climate change impacts show wide range of variations under
different levels of global warming. Watersheds in the northeastern
region of United States (NEUS) are projected to undergo most severe
impacts from climate change in the forms of extreme precipitation
events, floods and drought, sea level rise etc. As such, there is high
possibility that hydrologic regimes in the NEUS may get altered in the
future which can be absolutely devastating for managing water resources
and ecological balance across different watersheds. In this study,
therefore, we present a comprehensive impact analysis using different
hydrologic indicators across selected watersheds in the NEUS under
different thresholds of global temperature increases
(1.5C, 2.0C and
3.0C). Precipitation and temperature projections from
fourteen downscaled GCMs under RCP8.5 greenhouse gas concentration
pathway are used as inputs into a distributed hydrological model to
obtain future streamflow conditions. Overall, the results indicate that
majority of the selected watersheds will enter into a wetter regime
particularly during the months of winter while flow conditions during
late summer and fall indicate a dry future under all three thresholds of
temperature increases. The estimation of time of emergence of new
hydrological regimes show large uncertainties under
1.5C and 2.0C global temperature
increases, however, most of the GCM projections show strong consensus
that new hydrological regimes may appear in the NEUS watersheds under
3.0C temperature increase.
Infective endocarditis of composite aortic valve grafts
Authors: Olevano Carlo , Malvindi Pietro , Luthra Suvitesh , Ohri Sunil
Published: December 2020

Background The Infection of aortic valve graft conduit is still burdened
by notable morbidity and mortality. Medical and surgical strategies play
a crucial role in patient outcome and vary depending on infection extend
into adjacent cardiac structures, systemic spread and micro-organism
involved. Methods In this retrospective study, we report our experience
in the management of thirty consecutive patients admitted to our centre
with composite aortic valve graft infection during the period 2008-2018.
We review the early and mid-term outcomes of patients who underwent a
reoperation or received a conservative medical treatment. Results Twenty
patients underwent redo surgery with an early mortality of 10% and a
survival of 83% at 7-year follow-up. Ten patients were treated
medically and experienced an early mortality of 30% and a mid-term
survival of 33%. Conclusion A surgical reoperation, despite a
non-negligible perioperative risk, is the only radical treatment able to
provide a good survival also in patients with complicated infective
endocarditis.
A Structural Equation Model of Social Support, Stress and Depression in Pregnant Women During Epidemic Period
Authors: Liang Yi , Dong Shengfeng , Zhu Liling , Zhao Danqing , Shen Liming
Published: December 2020

Objective: To investigate the connections among social support, stress,
and depression. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Guizhou Province
in China. Population or Sample: An aggregate of 1,056 expectant ladies,
had finished our questionnaire during pregnancy from March to April in
2020. Methods: The Edinburgh prenatal sadness scale, an independent
pressure scale, and social support scale evaluated the downturn, stress,
and social support of pregnant people during the pestilence. An
auxiliary condition model was utilized to examine the immediate and
aberrant connection between social support and prenatal misery. Main
Outcome Measures: Incidence of depression. Results: During the pandemic
time, 73.01% of pregnant ladies experienced prenatal misery. The model
is suitable (chi-square = 11.96, CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.07, RMR = 0.03).
The auxiliary condition model indicated that the immediate pathway of
social support to depression was critical (normalized pathway
coefficient = - 0.34), and the aberrant pathway of stress to depression
via social support was additionally huge (normalized pathway coefficient
= 0.50). Stress partially intercedes the connection between social
support and depression. Conclusion: Our discoveries posit that social
support is related to an expanded danger of depression. Stress is
decidedly corresponding to depression and assumes an interceding
position between social support and stress. Thusly, directed mediation
ought to be completed to lessen the depression of pregnant ladies and
improve their psychological wellness status. Keywords: stress,
depression, social support, structural equation model
Role of EDTA capped cobalt oxide nanomaterial in photocatalytic degradation of dyes
Authors: Singh Meena , Vaya Dipti , Kumar Ravi , Das Bijoy
Published: December 2020

Dyes released from textile, paint, and various other industries in wastewater have posed long term environmental damage. Functional nanomaterials provide a hope and opportunities to treat these effluent wastes in a rapid and efficient way due to their large surface area to volume ratios. Synthesis of 2,2',2'',2'''-(ethane-1,2-diyldinitrilo)tetraacetic acid (EDTA) capped cobalt oxide nanomaterial, as a photocatalyst, has been investigated and used for the rapid and efficient removal of malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV) dyes. The morphological, structural, optical, chemical and thermal properties of the synthesized nanomaterial were analysed using different characterization tools such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultra violet?visible and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The prepared EDTA capped cobalt oxide nanomaterials display better photocatalytic degradation, 56.3 % for MG and 37.9 % for CV in comparison to the pure cobalt oxide, 47.7 and 27.6 %, respectively, under visible light illumination. The kinetics of the degradation followed the pseudo-first order and it corresponds to Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. The incremental photodegradation of these two dyes was attributed by morphology of the nanomaterial which favour effective electron/ hole separation.
Introduksjon: Når krig blir hverdag
Authors: Holm Minda , Dreyer Jakob
Published: December 2020

Dette er introduksjonsartikkelen til fokusnummeret "Når krig blir hverdag. Militæraktivisme i de skandinaviske landenes utenriks- og sikkerhetspolitikk".
Abstract in English: When War Becomes Daily LifeThis is the introductory article for the special issue "When War Becomes Daily Life. Military activism in the Scandinavian Countries Foreign and Security Policies".
EUs nye retningslinjer for foretaksrapportering av klimarelaterte opplysninger – byggverk på utrygg grunn?
Authors: Olsen Anders Berg , Knardal Per Ståle
Published: December 2020

I de siste årene har det i økende grad blitt fokusert på klima og bærekraft. Dette er en utvikling som også har fått økt oppmerksomhet i virksomheters rapportering, og en rekke aktører tar i bruk nye kriterier knyttet til bærekraft i sine retningslinjer og modeller for økonomiske beslutninger. Med utgangspunkt i regnskapsdirektivet har EU-kommisjonen utgitt retningslinjer for rapportering fra store foretak om ikke-finansiell informasjon. I dette kapittelet bygger vi på kunnskap fra utviklingen av finansiell rapportering og kriterier som har blitt utviklet for å forbedre og understøtte denne, og vurderer fundamentet for retningslinjer for rapportering av klimarelaterte opplysninger. Kapittelet bygger på en dokumentanalyse for å belyse grunnleggende forutsetninger om rapporteringsenhet, rapporteringens formål og kvalitetskriterier for ikke-finansiell foretaksrapportering. Dokumentanalysens resultat indikerer at kravene til ikke-finansiell rapportering kan videreutvikles med hensyn til systematikk og konsistens tilsvarende det som er utviklet for finansiell rapportering. Grunnlaget for rapportering av ikke-finansiell informasjon fremstår som uklart med hensyn til rapporteringsenhet, rapporteringens formål og sentrale kvalitetskriterier. Med bakgrunn i analysen foreslås det at det bør utvikles kvalitetskriterier for ikke-finansiell informasjon basert på kvalitetskrav til informasjon IFRS konseptuelt rammeverk for finansiell rapportering. Det er også behov for økt forskning innen ikke-finansiell rapportering.
IASBs syn på sammenlignbarhet i finansregnskapet
Authors: Røsok Kjell Ove
Published: December 2020

Sammenlignbarhet er en ønsket kvalitet ved finansregnskapet, og IASB referer hyppig til denne kvaliteten i sitt arbeid med utvikling av IFRS. Men sammenlignbarhet er et vanskelig konsept å forstå (Zeff, 2007), og forskning viser at det er vanskelig å måle (De Franco et al., 2011). I dette kapitlet analyserer jeg IASBs bruk av konseptet. IASB legger stor vekt på konsistens, spesielt for at like ting skal fremstå som like, men IASB søker også å utvikle standarder som er tilstrekkelig robuste til at ulike ting skal fremstå som ulike. Samtidig baserer IASB sin argumentasjon delvis på uuttalte forutsetninger uten å drøfte hva som gjør ting like og ulike. Analysene i kapitlet indikerer at IASB refererer til konseptet vel så mye for å skape inntrykk av kvalitet i standardene som for å gi reell begrunnelse for valgte løsninger.
Regnskapsplikten for små foretak med forenklinger i fokus1
Authors: Baksaas Kjell Magne , Stenheim Tonny
Published: December 2020

Ulike regler for finansregnskap og skatteregnskap medfører betydelige administrative byrder for små foretak. Slike byrder bør reduseres, og Finansdepartementet utreder nå muligheten for ytterligere forenklinger ved i større grad å harmonisere regnskaps- og skattereglene (se Schwencke, 2019). Robuste og reelle forenklinger må balansere mellom på den ene siden de formålene som finansregnskapet og skatteregnskapet har, og på den andre siden hva som kan gi størst lettelser.

Vi argumenterer for at harmonisering av regler for innregning og måling i finansregnskapet og skatteregnskapet kan skje på en rekke områder. Blant annet kan det oppnås stor grad av harmonisering for anleggsmidler, varer og kundefordringer ved at skattereglene i noen grad tilpasses reglene for finansregnskapet. Det skal imidlertid være enkelt å kontrollere etterlevelsen av skattereglene, og dette vil gjerne føre til regler som gir lite rom for bruk av skjønn. Dette kan i noen grad stå i et motsetningsforhold til finansregnskapets formål, som også for små foretak er å gi beslutningsnyttig informasjon. Spesielt viktig er det at finansregnskapet reflekterer urealiserte tap. Hvert foretak må uavhengig av forenklingsreglene se til at finansregnskapet som helhet ikke gir et for positivt bilde av resultat og balanse.

Vi mener det bør innføres en egen foretakskategori for særlig små foretak (mikroforetak), med betydelige forenklinger gjennom å videreutvikle koblingsmodellen, det vil si lempinger ved måling av utsatt skatt, og innføre forenklede krav til oppstillingsplanene. Forenklingsreglene bør velges ved sporvalg.

Vi foreslår også at formuesfastsettelsen i langt større grad enn i dag skjer med utgangspunkt i regnskapsmessige verdier. Dette vil gi betydelig forenkling.
Standardisert elektronisk regnskapsrapportering i Norge: bruk av XBRL
Authors: Kulset Ellen M. , Baksaas Kjell Magne
Published: December 2020

Elektronisk utveksling av finansiell informasjon skjer i stadig større grad ved hjelp av rapporteringsformatet XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language), som sies å gi både regnskapsprodusenter og regnskapsbrukere fordeler, blant annet i form av effektivitet og mer sammenlignbar informasjon. Fra og med 01.01.2020 stilles det for eksempel krav om at børsnoterte foretak i EU må benytte en form for XBRL-rapportering i sine konsernregnskap. Samtidig stilles det spørsmål ved om informasjonen som kommuniseres ved hjelp av denne typen formater, vil være mindre beslutningsnyttig, og om ikke dette er spesielt problematisk dersom man befinner seg i et prinsippbasert regnskapsregime som IFRS. I dette kapittelet undersøker vi først (1) hvilke former for elektronisk rapportering av finansiell informasjon som benyttes i Norge. I forbindelse med implementering av XBRL i EU er det interessant å kunne bygge på erfaringer fra bruk av XBRL-formatet i USA, og vi oppsummerer derfor tidligere forskning for å svare på følgende spørsmål: (2) I hvilken grad preges XBRL-regnskap av rapporteringsfeil? (3) Når benytter selskap egentilpassede rapporteringselementer? (4) Hvilken betydning har bruk av egentilpassede rapporteringselementer for regnskapsbrukerne? (5) Blir finansregnskap mer sammenlignbare etter implementering av XBRL? Vår oppsummering konkluderer med at forskningen på dette området i liten grad gir klare svar på disse spørsmålene, og det bør oppmuntres til ytterligere forskning.
Bruk av informasjon fra foretaks miljørapportering til ressursallokerings- og kontrollformål
Authors: Fallan Even
Published: December 2020

Formålet med studien er å undersøke ulike norske interessentgruppers etterspørsel etter og bruk av foretaks miljørapportering.1 På grunn av de miljøutfordringer samfunnet står overfor, er slik kunnskap viktig i seg selv. Generelt kan studier av etterspørsel etter miljørapportering si noe om i hvilken grad dagens miljørapporteringspraksis blir oppfattet å være vesentlig og nyttig. Dette er ekstra relevant siden det er dokumentert at den generelle kvaliteten på foretaks miljørapportering er svært lav. På sikt kan kunnskap om etterspørsel og bruk bidra til å identifisere og eventuelt tette forventningsgap mellom tilbud og etterspørsel etter foretaks miljørapportering.2

De tradisjonelle formålene med regnskap blir benyttet som rammeverk for å analysere bruken av rapporteringen. Miljørapportering har imidlertid noen naturlige særtrekk som utvider grensene sammenlignet med finansregnskapet, slik som eksterne effekter og ikke-finansielle målsettinger. Det er derfor utviklet et rammeverk som spesifiserer fire typer bruk av (og etterspørsel etter) informasjon. Ressursallokeringsformålet deles i verdsettingsformål og andre ressursallokeringsformål. Kontrollformålet deles i bruk av informasjon ex-ante og ex-post.

Feltstudiens empiri stammer fra intervjuer med og/eller dokumentstudier knyttet til 23 interessenter fra ulike interessentgrupper (investorer, kreditorer, kunder/innkjøpere, NGO-er, og ulike myndigheter). Både privat og offentlig sektor og enheter med profitt- og ideelt/sektorpolitisk formål er inkludert.
“Our Fatherland, the Empire”: Evolution of State Ideology in the Context of Politics in the Western Provinces (1830s –1840s)
Authors: Udalov Sergey V. 
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the mutual influence of the state ideology “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality” and the policy of the Russian government in the Western Provinces in the 1830s–1840s.
Neo-Western Russianism, Pseudo-Western Russianism: Attempts of the Idea Transformation
Authors: Gronsky Alexander D. 
Published: December 2020

The article examines the phenomena of neo-Western Russianism and pseudo-Western Russianism. These ideologies exist alongside with Western Russianism. Neo-Western Russianism is partly based on historical conceptions of the Soviet period. Those concepts replaced some of the basic ideas of Western Russianism. Pseudo-Western Russianism strives to distort the ideas of Western Russianism adding neo-pagan elements to the Christian principles of Western Russianism.
Ethno-cultural Nature of the East Slavic Population of Gabsburg Empire as Covered in the “Russkaya Pravda” Journal (Chernovtsy, 1910–1913)
Authors: Kazak Oleg G.
Published: December 2020

The article examines «Russkaya Pravda» («Russian Truth») journal publications issued in Chernovtsi in 1910–1913. This periodical advocated the idea that the East Slavic population of the Habsburg monarchy (Bukovina, Galicia, Ugric Rus) belonged to the common all-Russian national-cultural community. The main issue covered in «Russkaya Pravda» publications was that of the nature of the Ukrainian national movement somewhat supported by the authorities. The periodical analyzed the main mechanisms of all-Russian movement suppression in Austria-Hungary (namely, the ban on Russophile institutions, manipulations during the 1910 population census, numerous violations and abuses during the parliamentary campaign of 1911, persecution of the Orthodox Church). «Russkaya Pravda» journal is a valuable information source on the history of the East Slavic population of the Habsburg monarchy on the verge of the First World War.
Effect of cooperative learning model type of group investigation and adversity quotient of students on mastery of chemical concepts on salt hydrolysis material
Authors:   Chemisrty Education Study Program, Postgraduate, Jambi University, Jambi 36361, Indonesia, Havizhah Havizhah , Muhaimin Muhaimin ,   Departemen of Chemisrty Education, Jambi University, Jambi 36361, Indonesia, Muhammad Damris ,   Departemen of Chemisrty Education, Jambi University, Jambi 36361, Indonesia
Published: December 2020

This study aims to see the effect of the cooperative learning model type of group investigation and adversity quotient of students on the mastery of chemical concepts on salt hydrolysis. This research is a quasi-experimental research with a control group posttest only design using a 2 × 3 factorial design. The research was conducted in class IX MIA SMA N 10 Batanghari with two classes. Sampling was done by total sampling. Data collection techniques are questionnaires, tests and documentation. The test instrument was used to determine the value of mastery of chemical concepts on salt hydrolysis. Meanwhile, the questionnaire instrument was used to determine the level of adversity quotient of students. Data processing used two-way ANOVA. The results showed that the cooperative learning model group Investigation type and the adversitiy quotient of the climber type students had high mastery of chemical concepts, but there was no interaction between the group investigation type learning model and the adversity quotient on the mastery of chemical concepts on salt hydrolysis due to the learning model and adversity quotient influence on mastery of chemical concepts independently. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded: (1) there is an effect of the group investigation type cooperative learning model on the mastery of chemical concepts (2) there is an effect of students adversity quotient on chemical concept mastery (3) there is no interaction between the cooperative learning model group investigation type with students' adversity quotient on mastery of chemical concepts in salt hydrolysis.
Pohutukawa
Authors: Melbourne-Gibson Kararaina
Published: December 2020

Ko Pohutukawa tōku ingoa, Pohutukawa is the name. My mum named me Pohutukawa because I was conceived under the biggest Pohutukawa tree in the world! Pretty mean aye? You would think she named me Pohutukawa because my red cheeks reminded her of those flowers, or because my eyes shine like stars - those damn stars. I live on the East Coast of New Zealand, in the small town of Te Araroa, where the biggest Pohutukawa tree also resides. A place where the birds can swim, the fish can fly, and where you can get an ice block at the shop for free! It's also where my missus lives. She comes to visit me now and then, but I usually just follow that amateur around, sticking to her like a fly on a bloody teko; at least this teko is an East Coast teko. The East Coast provides only the best of everything! Best kina, best awa, best stags, and the best kōtiro. Have you met an East Coast girl? They’re pretty fly, they make me wanna touch the sky; they make me wanna pop their tops off with my lighter. My East Coast girl is as beautiful as Rehua on a hot summer night. What the fuck is this lovey-dovey shit? You know, I was never into stars until I met her; Kamaea Rora.
Seeker
Authors: Thomas Cheyenne
Published: December 2020

Tāwhirimātea appeared to me in the backseat of a bus that shuddered and groaned as it passed through Matatā and headed north of Whakatāne. He moved between the aisle of patched chairs with no sound. His hair cascading down his shoulders in thick waves, unruly and twisting like turbulent winds. His skin was golden-brown and weathered from some unspeakable storm, but his eyes appeared like clouds. Shades of grey and white. No one else paid him any mind, but the air around me felt suddenly choked. Pressurized and barely contained. When he spoke his voice was soft as an autumn breeze, whispered and chilly.
PEDAGOGICAL PERSONNEL IN THE BRYANSK DISTRICT OF THE ORYOL PROVINCE AT THE TURN OF THE XIX-XX CENTURIES: SOCIO-SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors:   Bryansk state University named after academician I. G. Petrovsky, Golenkova O.V. , Lifanova T.A. ,   Bryansk state University named after academician I. G. Petrovsky, Shilina S.A. ,   Bryansk state University named after academician I. G. Petrovsky
Published: December 2020

In the light of such a direction of sociology as "social structure, social institutions and processes" (22.00.04), it is important to consider such a fundamental social institution as education. The article deals with the issues of training teachers in the diachronic aspect. A socio-sociological analysis of the state of the issue in a particular region of Russia-the Bryansk district of the Oryol province at such a time interval as the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The relevance of the review of historical experience in the selection and training of teaching staff is not in doubt. The success of education at all times depended crucially on the level of teaching. In modern society, the issues of education reform are very acute, so it is legitimate to turn to the historical past. After the peasant reform, the need for educated people increased dramati- cally, and consequently, it was necessary to train many teachers. Various long-term and short-term pedagogical courses have played a huge role in improving the skills of teachers. The following research methods were used for data analysis: historical, sociological, and quantitative methods of data analysis (one-dimensional statistical analysis). A deep analysis of the source base of the study-the works of Gusev D.V., Zabolotny N.F., Kos- modamianskogo M., Sokolov Ya.D., materials of the state archives of the Bryansk and Oryol regions. The results of the study are that the system of training teachers in this period of time is analyzed, and a detailed picture of this phe- nomenon is given in a single district of the Russian Empire. This analysis is necessary for applying historical experience in modern conditions - during the period of systemic innovations in Russian education. The results of historical and archival research can be applied in such fields of knowledge as regional history, educational history, his- torical local history, and sociology.
SOCIAL CREATIVITY OF GIFTED CHILDREN AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ECONOMIC DECISIONS IN THE PROCESS OF SOCIAL DESIGN
Authors:   Kazan State Power Engineering University, Nurullina E.R.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problem of developing skills of social creativity and social design among gifted children, which is associated with important scientific and practical tasks in various related fields of sociological knowledge, such as the sociology of education, economic sociology, social psychology, marketing sociology, political sociology, and many others. The significance of the research is due to the fact that currently the development of society, its rapid renewal and innovation dictates the need to expand the traditional knowledge about the models of formation and development of gifted youth as a special socio-demographic group, search for and identify innovative complex sociological models of competencies and their empirical inclusion within the modules in the educational process. The article considers the results of the research within the framework of the project "Modeling of groups of competencies of social creativity of gifted youth in the Republic of Tatarstan" with the financial support of the Kazan open University of talents 2.0. The methodological and theoretical research on social creativity is based on a fairly extensive analysis of the essence and sources of social creativity, its types and forms, and the features of its formation in the conditions of society. The article discusses and compares theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of social creativity. The article shows the identified, analyzed and systematized competencies of social creativity of gifted youth as tools for the social effectiveness of economic decisions in the process of social design. Building a competence model based on the degree of their determination involves determining labor knowledge, labor skills, and labor skills, as well as identifying their criteria and indicators in order to form educational modules and determine the best ways to implement it in practice based on the model of social creativity competence groups.
SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF EXTREMISM AMONG THE YOUTH
Authors:   Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics and Law, Ishkov D.N.
Published: December 2020

This article examines the main causes and social prerequisites of extremism among young people. The problem of youth ex- tremism and its spread in Russia is very relevant for the modern state and society. The article presents statistics that reflect crimes of an extremist nature. Examples of various youth associations (subcultures) that engage in illegal anti-social activi- ties, professing the cult of force and carrying out destructive behavior towards people with a different skin color, religious or gender affiliation are considered. This article identifies the social background of youth extremism, including the processes of modernization and urbanization, the processes of cultural decline, as well as the political and ethno-confessional situation. The main characteristics of the concept of "extremism" are given. The Strategy of countering extremism in the Russian Fed- eration until 2025, approved by the President of the Russian Federation, has not been ignored, where uncontrolled migra- tion and violations that it causes in regions with a well-established ethno-confessional climate are specifically highlighted as factors that provoke the manifestation of youth extremism. This article discusses the main approaches to the study of the stated topic from a sociological perspective. The main socially significant factors that have a certain impact on the for- mation of extremist moods in the minds of young people are also highlighted. The study of this problem leads to the conclu- sion that extremist youth movements are most widespread in major cities. In this regard, comprehensive work is needed not only to prevent extremism among young people at the preventive level, but also to eliminate the influence of those social factors that contribute to its emergence in modern conditions.
ATTITUDE YOUTH AND ADULTHOOD YAKUTIA IN OLD AGE AND A WILLINGNESS TO CARE FOR ELDERLY
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosova, Egorova V.N. , Azarova U.A. ,   North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosova
Published: December 2020

Currently, the questions of how older people fit into the context of modern reality, to what extent their inherent life ideas are consistent with existing social norms are becoming relevant. The history of the development of attitudes towards the elderly, the position of old people is constantly changing. It is known that the life of old people largely depends on their social status in society. The article presents the results of studying the attitude of young people and people of mature age in Yakutia to old age and readiness to care for the elderly. The study involved representatives of young and mature age in the amount of 222, including 109 men, 113 women. 142 (64%) respondents live in cities, 80 (36%) - in rural areas. 68 (31%) of the respondents have higher education, the rest - secondary, 85.3% of the respondents are of mature age and 14.7% of young people live with their parents. The analysis of ethnographic works, folklore materials was used as research methods; survey method. The reliability of the difference in indicators was checked using the angular Fisher transformation. Analysis of the research results allows us to note that respondents treat elderly people with patience and care, however, young people tend to be indifferent to aging parents. The attitude towards the placement of parents in nursing homes is also noticeably different: young people are ready to place their parents in nursing homes if the circumstances are difficult. Comparison was also made of the opinions of representatives of different nationalities about their attitude to old age, and their willingness to care for elderly parents, it found that they also differ. Comparison of the research indicators showed that there is a high connection with the family among representatives of the small peoples of the north, they are also more re- sponsible for their parents, although in other nations, the readiness to care for the elderly is high among the Yakuts (p <0.05). In the future, the study of attitudes towards old age will be relevant, since the aging of the population is observed throughout the world.
Russian Philosophy on the National Identity of National Science
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod Institute of Management (branch) Russian Presidential Academy  of National Economy and Public Administration, Saberova Marina Shamilyevna , Osyanin Andrei Nikolayevich ,   Nizhny Novgorod Academy  of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Shkapov Pavel Yuryevich ,   Nizhny Novgorod Academy  of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: December 2020

The paper discusses the issues of preserving the identity of national culture in the context of globalization. The authors emphasize that the maintenance of national identity means the formation and preservation of the national and cultural identity of society, which in turn is the key to social unity, a condition for overcoming the most difficult problems. This research is based on the positions of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of history and philosophy of science, social philosophy, philosophy of culture, and philosophical anthropology. This study attempts to study the features of the national scientific culture, the manifestations of national and international elements in it. It becomes obvious that modern domestic science is a kind of collaboration of world science and certain reactions of the domestic scientific community, due to the heritage of the national scientific culture. Today, it is especially important to preserve the best traditions of Russian scientific culture and develop them using the achievements of world science.
Inns, Taverns and Alehouses in Hampshire 1300–1600
Authors: Roberts Edward
Published: December 2020

In late-medieval and Tudor England inns, taverns and alehouses were perceived to be three classes of building that could be distinguished one from another. In a Privy Council Certificate of 1577 regarding Hampshire, such distinctions and differences were tacitly understood rather than
explicitly defined. This study seeks to identify these defining characteristics: specifically, the plan-forms and typical locations in which inns, taverns and alehouses were to be found. To this end the physical remains of some Hampshire buildings are analysed and documentary evidence is assessed.
The year 1300 has been set as a start-date for this study because it was in the 14th century that inns in England were emerging as public, commercial enterprises and the year 1600 has been set as an end-date because around this time the distinction between inns, taverns and ale-houses was
beginning to blur to such an extent that their study becomes problematic.
Aprendizaje Significativo: la Visión Clásica, otras Visiones e Interés
Authors: Moreira Marco Antonio
Published: December 2020

Se entiende que varias corrientes psicológicas han influenciado la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. El objetivo de este texto es abordar la Teoría del Aprendizaje Significativo (TAS) de Ausubel y lo presentado deja claro que esta es una teoría cognitivista constructivista de aprendizaje. Surge como una hipótesis que la TAS no es una teoría aislada y superada. Primeramente, el concepto de aprendizaje significativo es abordado desde la visión clásica de David Ausubel. En continuidad, son presentadas visiones de otros autores buscando mostrar que ese concepto es compatible con esas visiones. Finalizando, la predisposición para aprender, una de las condiciones básicas para la ocurrencia del aprendizaje significativo, es tratada en la perspectiva del interés, según John Dewey y otros educadores y se infieren conclusiones.
GUNUNG KAWI TEMPLE TAMPAKSIRING: RELIGIOUS EDUCATION SITE DURING ANCIENT BALI
Authors: Prawirajaya R Kadek Dedy , Purwanto Heri , Titasari Coleta Palupi
Published: December 2020

Kajian terhadap bangunan suci yang berfungsi sebagai tempat pendidikan agama masa lalu yang sering disebut dengan mandala kadewaguruan jarang disentuh oleh peneliti. Candi Gunung Kawi Tampaksiring sebagai salah satu bangunan suci keagamaan masa lalu telah memberikan petunjuk bahwa kemungkinan tempat ini difungsikan juga sebagai ruang belajar-mengajar. Untuk itu studi ini ingin menelusuri bukti-bukti yang memperkuat dugaan tersebut dan ingin menjelaskan kehidupan masyarakat pendukungnya. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung ke lapangan (observasi) dan studi pustaka. Analisis data yaitu mengunakan analisis kualitatif, kontekstual, dan komparatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Candi Gunung Kawi Tampaksiring merupakan sebuah bangunan suci yang berstatus sebagai mandala kadewaguruan. Hal ini buktikan dengan beberapa variabel yakni tempat yang luas, ditemukan berbagai tinggalan arkeologi keagamaan, ditemukan gerabah, dan diberitakan dalam prasasti. Kehidupan yang dilakukan oleh kaum ṛṣidan pertapa menunjukkan aktivitas yang kompleks yakni memenuhi kebutuhan sosial yang berkenaan dengan kegiatan estafet pendidikan agama, memenuhi kebutuhan religius yang senantiasa mengadakan berbagai upacara keagamaan, dan memenuhi kebutuhan hidup yang berkaitan dengan makanan dan minuman. The study of sacred buildings that served as religious education sites in the past or often called as rarely carried out by researchers. Gunung Kawi Temple Tampaksiring as one of the sacred religious buildings in the past has given hints of the possibility of this place used as learning and teaching space. For this reason, this study aims to find out the evidence that reinforce the assumption and to explain the life of the supporting community. Data was collected through observations and literature reviews. The data was analyzed by using qualitative, contextual and comparative analysis. The results of this study show that Gunung Kawi Temple is a sacred building with a Mandala Kadewaguruan status. It is proven by evidences such as, i.e. its wide place, variety of religious remains findings, ceramics findings, and inscription reports. The life of the rṣi dan hermits showed complex activities meeting social needs related to learning and teaching,fulfilling religious needs by conducting various ceremonies as well as fulfilling the needs life related to foods and drinks.
Efecte ale stilului de leadership asupra performantei în mediul organizational
Authors: Stăvilă Rîlea Veronica
Published: December 2020

Bazându-se pe teoria leadershipul-ui transformațional; studiul de față investighează tipul de leadership ca predictor al performanței manifestată prin tipurile de comportamente la locul de muncă a 60 de manageri din mediul organizațional. Pentru evaluarea acestor leaderi au fost implicați în cercetare 138 de participanți subalterni ai acestor manageri. Acestora li s-au aplicat, pentru măsurarea predictorilor, chestionarul de personalitate BFQ si chestionarul heteroevaluator a tipului de leadership MLQ (Multifactor Leadership Questionaire). Pentru măsurarea variabilelor criteriu s-au aplicat următoarele instrumente: IODS ce măsoară comportamentele contraproductive la locul de muncă, Scala CCO care evaluează comportamentul cetățenesc organizațional manifestat la locul de muncă, si MLQ prin intermediul căruia s-a evaluat efortul suplimentar depus de către subordonați, satisfacția cu managerul si eficiența superiorului. Rezultatele obținute în urma acestui studiu, indică faptul că comportamentelele prosociale sunt relaționate pozitiv cu un stil de leadership Transformațional si negativ de stilul de leadership Laissez-Faire. Comportamentele contraproductive sunt asociate pozitiv cu un stil de leadership Laissez-Faire si negativ cu Leadership-ul Transformațional. Conform rezultatelor obținute în studiul de față efectele leadershipului tranzacțional asupra comportamentelor prosociale si deviante manifestate de către subalterni la locul de muncă sunt nesemnificative.
Pemaafan pada keluarga korban ledakan bom di Surabaya
Authors: Pratama Charis , Kristinawati Wahyuni
Published: December 2020

Bencana teknologi yang menyebabkan meninggalnya anggota keluarga dapat menimbulkan kesedihan dan kemarahan pada individu. Meski mengalami trauma yang serius, persepsi serta reaksi individu atas bencana tersebut beragam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran proses pemaafan pada individu yang kehilangan anggota keluarga (anak dan pasangan) dalam peristiwa bom di Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deduktif terhadap dua partisipan, dengan teori interpersonal process of forgiveness and unforgiveness sebagai kerangka berpikir. Analisis tematik digunakan sebagai metode analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat empat tema utama mengenai pemaafan pada korban: konteks personal (ciri kepribadian dan komitmen agama), persepsi pasca kejadian, respons emosional, dan respons perilaku. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses pemaafan dapat berbeda antara satu individu dan individu yang lain, bergantung pada perbedaan ciri kepribadian, komitmen agama, dan persepsi terhadap kejadian yang memengaruhi respons emosional dan perilaku individu terhadap pihak yang dianggap bersalah.