bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knotless Fixation Is Stronger and Less Variable Than Knotted Constructs in Securing a Suture Loop
Authors: Denard Patrick J. , Adams Christopher R. , Fischer Nicole C. , Piepenbrink Marina , Wijdicks Coen A.
Published: May 2018

Background:

Historically, tendon-to-bone fixation has relied on knot tying. However, considerable variability exists in knot-tying strength among surgeons.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of knotted and knotless fixation and to evaluate variability among surgeons. The hypothesis was that knotless constructs would be stronger and have less variability as compared with knotted constructs.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

A total of 34 orthopaedic surgeons participated in a laboratory study to compare knotted and knotless constructs, where 104 knotted constructs were performed with No. 2 suture, 21 knotless constructs with No. 2 suture (K2 group), and 79 knotless constructs with suture tape (KT group). Mechanical testing was performed to compare load at 3 mm of displacement, load to failure, and stiffness of each construct.

Results:

The mean load at 3 mm of displacement was greatest in the KT group, with significant differences among all 3 groups ( P < .001). Load to failure was significantly greater in the KT group as compared with the K2 group and the knotted group ( P < .001), but there was no difference between the K2 and knotted groups ( P ≥ .999). Stiffness and displacement were also greatest in the KT group. Based on the F test, the variance in load to failure was significantly different between the knotted and knotless constructs, with the knotted group demonstrating greater variability (SD, 94 N) than the KT (SD, 38 N) and K2 (SD, 17 N) groups ( P < .001).

Conclusion:

Knotless fixation with suture tape had improved biomechanical performance as compared with knots or knotless fixation with No. 2 suture. In addition, knotless fixation had less variability in biomechanical properties among multiple surgeons.

Clinical Relevance:

This study may be relevant for surgeons choosing between knotted and knotless constructs as well as for considerations in the design of rotator cuff repair constructs.
Silent Leaders in the Workplace: Forms of Leadership Silence, Attributions of Leadership Silence, and Accuracy of Attributions
Authors: Chang Tree , Chou Shih Yung , Han Bo
Published: May 2018

Building upon the extant leadership research, we explore the phenomenon of leaders’ intentionally withholding of relevant information to subordinates. In particular, we conceptualize leadership silence and propose three distinct forms of leadership silence, including safeguarding silence, undermining silence, and disengaging silence. We also incorporate attribution theory and show how subordinates pinpoint the causes of leadership silence. We then discuss the accuracy of subordinates’ attributions of leadership silence. Finally, we present the theoretical contributions and managerial implications.
Resident and Program Director’s Perceptions of Milestone-Based Feedback in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Hariton Eduardo , Bortoletto Pietro , Barnes K Lauren , Kaimal Anjali J , Stagg Amy R
Published: May 2018

Introduction:

In July 2014, US residency programs fully implemented the Next Accreditation System including the use of milestone evaluation and reporting. Currently, there has been little investigation into the result of implementation of this new system. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate perceptions of Obstetrics and Gynecology residents and program directors regarding the use of milestone-based feedback and identify areas of deficiency.

Methods:

A Web-based survey was sent to US-based Obstetrics and Gynecology residents and program directors regarding milestone-based assessment implementation.

Results:

Out of 245 program directors, 84 responded to our survey (34.3% response rate). Of responding program directors, most reported that milestone-based feedback was useful (74.7%), fair (83.0%), and accurate (76.5%); however, they found it administratively burdensome (78.1%). Residents felt that milestone-based feedback was useful (62.7%) and fair (70.0%). About 64.3% of residents and 74.7% of program directors stated that milestone-based feedback is an effective tool to track resident progression; however, a sizable minority of both groups believe that it does not capture surgical aptitude. Qualitative analysis of free response comments was largely negative and highlighted the administrative burden and lack of accuracy of milestone-based feedback.

Conclution:

Overall, both Obstetrics and Gynecology program directors and residents report that milestone-based feedback is useful and fair. Issues of administrative burden, timeliness, evaluation of surgical aptitude, and ability to act on assigned milestone levels were identified. Although this study is limited to one specialty, such issues are likely important to all residents, faculty, and program directors who have implemented the Next Accreditation System requirements.
Mobile Telephony and New Business Formation Rates in BRICS and Beyond: Does Human Capital Matter?
Authors: Abubakar Yazid Abdullahi , Mitra Jay , Modupe Adeyeye Mercy
Published: May 2018

This study examines whether and to what extent ‘domestic’ education level mediates the relationship between mobile phone diffusion and new business formation rates across the developing world, that is, Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) and non-BRICS developing countries. Drawing on the knowledge spillover theory (KST) of entrepreneurship, we suggest that the recent rise in domestic education levels might explain the positive association between mobile phone diffusion and new business formation rates.

Utilising country-level panel data on 66 developing countries, the results indicate that the mediating effect of education on mobile phone diffusion and new business formation rates is not just limited to developing countries (including BRICS) but that this pattern can also be found in non-BRIC developing nations too, with the exception of the least developed countries (LDCs). We conclude with implications for theory and policy.
Progress in Neuroengineering for brain repair: New challenges and open issues
Authors: Panuccio Gabriella , Semprini Marianna , Natale Lorenzo , Buccelli Stefano , Colombi Ilaria , Chiappalone Michela
Published: May 2018

Background:

In recent years, biomedical devices have proven to be able to target also different neurological disorders. Given the rapid ageing of the population and the increase of invalidating diseases affecting the central nervous system, there is a growing demand for biomedical devices of immediate clinical use. However, to reach useful therapeutic results, these tools need a multidisciplinary approach and a continuous dialogue between neuroscience and engineering, a field that is named neuroengineering. This is because it is fundamental to understand how to read and perturb the neural code in order to produce a significant clinical outcome.

Results:

In this review, we first highlight the importance of developing novel neurotechnological devices for brain repair and the major challenges expected in the next years. We describe the different types of brain repair strategies being developed in basic and clinical research and provide a brief overview of recent advances in artificial intelligence that have the potential to improve the devices themselves. We conclude by providing our perspective on their implementation to humans and the ethical issues that can arise.

Conclusions:

Neuroengineering approaches promise to be at the core of future developments for clinical applications in brain repair, where the boundary between biology and artificial intelligence will become increasingly less pronounced.
Experimental investigations of nanosecond-pulsed Nd:YAG laser beam micromachining on 304 stainless steel
Authors: Behera Rasmi Ranjan , Sankar Mamilla Ravi , Baruah Prahlad Kumar , Sharma Ashwini Kumar , Khare Alika
Published: May 2018

The demand for miniaturized components is increasing day by day as their application varies from industry to industry such as biomedical, micro-electro-mechanical system and aerospace. In the present research work, high-quality micro-channels are fabricated on 304 stainless steel by laser beam micromachining process with nanosecond Nd:YAG laser. The laser pulse energy (LPE), scanning speed (SS) and scanning pass number (SP No.) are used as the process parameters, whereas the depth and width of the kerf as well as the surface roughness are used to characterize the micro-channels. It is found that the kerf depth, width and surface roughness decrease with increase in the SS. The kerf depth sharply increases with increase in the SP No. The kerf width is minimum at 30 mJ LPE, 400 µm s‒1 SS and 10 SP No. The minimum surface roughness is observed at 30 mJ LPE, 500 µm s‒1 SS and 10 SP No. The oxygen content is found to gradually decrease with the distance from the centre of the micro-channel. Based on the experimental results, optimized input parameters can be offered to control the micro-channel dimensions and improve their surface finish effectively on stainless steel.
Crowd-figure-pictograms improve women’s knowledge about mammography screening: results from a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Reder Maren , Thygesen Lau Caspar
Published: May 2018

Objective

To evaluate the effect of crowd-figure-pictograms on women’s numeric knowledge about mammography screening in a three-armed parallel randomised controlled trial.

Results

552 women were randomised to receive (1) non-numeric information (n = 192), (2) non-numeric and numeric information (n = 186), or (3) non-numeric and numeric information complemented by crowd-figure-pictograms (n = 174). Baseline numeric knowledge was low (control 0.61, numeric 0.66, and pictogram 0.51 on a scale ranging from 0 to 5). Women in the crowd-figure-pictogram group had a larger knowledge increase than women in the numeric group (2.42 vs 2.06,p= .03). Both groups had significant increases in knowledge compared to the control (0.20,p< .001). Providing numeric information in absolute numbers improves knowledge; even more so when crowd-figure-pictograms are added.

Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register DRKS00014736, retrospectively registered 11 May 2018
Discovery and multi-analytical study of the last missing quarter from René Magritte’s La pose enchantée
Authors: Defeyt Catherine , Herens Elodie , Leen Frederik , Vandepitte Francisca , Strivay David
Published: May 2018

The last missing quarter of La pose enchantée, a 1927 Magritte’s oil painting disappeared in 1932, has been finally found beneath Dieu n’est pas un saint, picture painted by the Belgian surrealist between 1935 and 1936, conserved at the Brussels Magritte Museum (Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium) (inv. 11681). The in-depth study conducted on Dieu n’est pas un saint by means of non-invasive and complementary imaging and analytical techniques has allowed formulating substantiated conclusions regarding this double painting. On the one hand, the routine imaging methods, including XRR, IRR and digital microscopy, have delivered a comprehensive outcome regarding the transformation process of the right top part of La pose enchantée into the current composition. On the other hand, the pigments used for both the visible and the hidden composition have been characterized through the MA-XRF analysis of the whole picture and punctual Raman measurements. Additionally, the present paper proposes a virtual colorization of La pose enchantée, which has been build on the basis of the overall material evidences collected about the right top part lying beneath Dieu n’est pas un saint.
Neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: results of a single‐institute phase II study
Authors: Yu Xin , Wang Qiao‐xuan , Xiao Wei‐wei , Chang Hui , Zeng Zhi‐fan , Lu Zhen‐hai , Wu Xiao‐jun , Chen Gong , Pan Zhi‐zhong , Wan De‐sen , Ding Pei‐rong , Gao Yuan‐hong
Published: May 2018

Background

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is recommended as the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer, reducing local recurrence but not distant metastasis. Intensified systemic therapy is warranted to reduce the risk of distant metastasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods

Patients with stages II to III rectal cancer received one cycle of induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy with XELOX plus bevacizumab. Surgery was performed 6–8 weeks after completion of radiotherapy, and postoperative chemotherapy with three cycles of XELOX and two cycles of capecitabine were given. The primary endpoints were pathologic complete response (pCR) rate and safety, and the secondary endpoints were 3‐year overall survival and progression‐free survival.

Results

Forty‐five patients were enrolled between February 2013 and April 2015. All completed the neoadjuvant therapy. Seven patients (15.6%) refused subsequent surgical therapy for personal reasons, and the other 38 patients received radical resection, with a sphincter preservation rate of 84.2% and a pCR rate of 39.5%. Toxicity was acceptable, with grades 3–4 hematological toxicity and diarrhea observed in six and two patients, respectively. Incidence of anastomotic leak that required surgical intervention was 13.3%. After a median follow‐up period of 37 months, five patients developed disease progression and two died of cancer. The 3‐year overall survival rate and 3‐year progression‐free survival rate were 95.3% and 88.6%, respectively.

Conclusions

The addition of bevacizumab to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy resulted in a satisfying pCR rate and 3‐year survival, but also may increase the risk of anastomotic leak, thus this regimen is not suitable to be considered for regular recommendation for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifierNCT01818973
Long‐ versus short‐interval follow‐up after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: He Wei , Zheng Yun , Zou Ruhai , Shen Jingxian , Yang Junping , Qiu Jiliang , Tao Qiang , Liu Wenwu , Yang Zhiwen , Zhang Yuanping , Li Binkui , Yuan Yunfei
Published: May 2018

Background

Average postoperative follow‐up intervals vary in patients undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection because of limited evidence regarding the optimal interval. We aimed to compare the associations of long‐versus short‐interval follow‐up with survival and recurrence in risk‐stratified HCC patients.

Methods

We performed a retrospective cohort study between 2007 and 2014. In total, 1227 patients treated by curative resection of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A or B HCC were stratified as having a low (n = 865) or high (n = 362) risk of early recurrence (within the first 2 years after resection) based on prognostic factors identified by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operation algorithm. Patients were further classified into long‐interval (every 4–6 months) and short‐interval (every 2–4 months) follow‐up subgroups based on follow‐up within 2 years after resection (low risk, long vs. short: n = 390 vs. n = 475; high‐risk, long vs. short: n = 149 vs. n = 213).

Results

The short‐interval follow‐up did not prolong overall survival in either the low‐risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.152; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.720–1.843) or high‐risk (HR = 1.213; 95% CI 0.702–2.094) patients. Early recurrence occurred in 401 patients. For high‐risk patients, the short‐interval follow‐up subgroup exhibited smaller intrahepatic recurrence than did the long‐interval group (2.6 vs. 3.5 cm, respectively, P = 0.045). However, no significant difference in the rate of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0/A recurrence was found between the long‐ and short‐interval follow‐up groups in either low‐ or high‐risk patients (63.1% vs. 68.2%, respectively, P = 0.580; 31.3% vs. 41.5%, respectively, P = 0.280). The rate of curative intent treatment for recurrence (34.5% vs. 39.7%, respectively, P = 0.430; 14.6% vs. 20.3%, respectively, P = 0.388) was also similar between the follow‐up groups for low‐ and high‐risk patients.

Conclusions

Shortening the postoperative follow‐up interval from every 4–6 months to every 2–4 months within the first 2 years after resection did not increase the rate of curative intent treatment or prolong the overall survival of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A or B HCC.
Boundary Elements of Special Reinforced Concrete Walls Tested under Different Loading Paths
Authors: Haro Ana G. , Kowalsky Mervyn , Chai Y. H. , Lucier Gregory W.
Published: May 2018

Large inelastic tensile strains and wide horizontal cracks primarily caused by in-plane loading, may lead to local out-of-plane deformations of the end regions of reinforced concrete (RC) walls within a buckled zone that comprises the plastic hinge length. Critical parameters that influence the onset of this failure mode have been studied through past experimental tests on RC prisms subjected to axial loading, which simulates the response of end regions of RC walls under in-plane demands. Missing from those studies is the effect of bidirectional loading protocols and the effect of the longitudinal reinforcement ratio on the hysteretic response. Therefore, 12 RC prisms with 3 longitudinal steel ratios representative of prototype boundary elements of typical special RC walls and piers walls were tested. The experimental results showed that the longitudinal steel content and the in-plane loading demands mainly govern the onset of out-of-plane buckling instability of planar RC walls.
Seismic Performance of Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride Sprinkler Pipes
Authors: Carl Jochen , Peng Zheng , Magistrale Harold
Published: May 2018

A major concern about chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) pipes is the large swing of branch lines during earthquake-induced motions. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 13 defines spacing requirements for braces and restraints, based on pipe-bending strength, but does not limit the swing. Shake table tests and numerical simulations show that the swing of CPVC branch lines can be limited to an acceptable level if the ends are braced and the spacing of restraints follows the NFPA 13 requirements for CPVC, or if restraint spacing is reduced to about half of that currently allowed in NFPA 13.
Elucidating the Role of the Maternal Embryonic Leucine Zipper Kinase in Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Kiseljak-Vassiliades Katja , Zhang Yu , Kar Adwitiya , Razzaghi Raud , Xu Mei , Gowan Katherine , Raeburn Christopher D , Albuja-Cruz Maria , Jones Kenneth L , Somerset Hilary , Fishbein Lauren , Leong Stephen , Wierman Margaret E
Published: May 2018

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive cancer with a 5-year survival rate <35%. Mortality remains high due to lack of targeted therapies. Using bioinformatic analyses, we identified maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) as 4.1-fold overexpressed in ACC compared with normal adrenal samples. High MELK expression in human tumors correlated with shorter survival and with increased expression of genes involved in cell division and growth. We investigated the functional effects of MELK inhibition using newly developed ACC cell lines with variable MELK expression, CU-ACC1 and CU-ACC2, compared with H295R cells. In vitro treatment with the MELK inhibitor, OTSSP167, resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in rates of cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell survival, with relative sensitivity of each ACC cell line based upon the level of MELK overexpression. To confirm a MELK-specific antitumorigenic effect, MELK was inhibited in H295R cells via multiple short hairpin RNAs. MELK silencing resulted in 1.9-fold decrease in proliferation, and 3- to 10-fold decrease in colony formation in soft agar and clonogenicity assays, respectively. In addition, although MELK silencing had no effect on survival in normoxia, exposure to a hypoxia resulted in a sixfold and eightfold increase in apoptosis as assessed by caspase-3 activation and TUNEL, respectively. Together these data suggest that MELK is a modulator of tumor cell growth and survival in a hypoxic microenvironment in adrenal cancer cells and support future investigation of its role as a therapeutic kinase target in patients with ACC.
Genetic screening and multipotency in rhesus monkey haploid neural progenitor cells
Authors: Wang Haisong , Zhang Wenhao , Yu Jian , Wu Congyu , Gao Qian , Li Xu , Li Yanni , Zhang Jinxin , Tian Yaru , Tan Tao , Ji Weizhi , Li Luyuan , Yu Yang , Shuai Ling
Published: May 2018

Haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) have been extensively applied in forward and reverse genetic screening. However, the mammalian haploid somatic cell line is difficult to achieve because of spontaneous diploidization in differentiation. As a non-human primate species, monkeys are widely used in basic and pre-clinical research in which haploid cells are restricted to ESCs. Here, we report that rhesus monkey haESCs in an optimized culture medium showed naïve-state pluripotency and stable haploidy. This model facilitated the derivation of haploid neural progenitor cells (haNPCs), which maintained haploidy and differentiation potential into neurons and glia for a long period in vitro. High-throughput trapping mutations can be efficiently introduced into haNPCs via piggyBac transposons. This system served well in the aim to identify gene targets of neural toxicants via a proof-of-concept experiment. Using CRISPR/Cas9 editing, we confirmed that B4GALT6, from the candidate list, is a resistance gene of A-803467 (a tetrodotoxin-like toxin). This model is the first non-human primate haploid somatic cell line with proliferative ability, multipotency, and an intact genome, thus providing a cellular resource for recessive genetic and potential drug screening.
Surgical treatment of obesity
Authors: Albaugh Vance L. , Abumrad Naji N.
Published: May 2018

Obesity prevalence continues to increase worldwide, as do the numerous chronic diseases associated with obesity, including diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The prevalence of bariatric surgery also continues to increase and remains the most effective and sustainable treatment for obesity. Over the last several years, numerous prospective and longitudinal studies have demonstrated the benefits of bariatric surgery on weight loss, mortality, and other chronic diseases. Even though the mechanisms underlying many of these beneficial effects remain poorly understood, surgical management of obesity continues to increase given its unmatched efficacy. In this commentary, we discuss recent clinical advancements as well as several areas needed for future research, including indications for bariatric and metabolic surgery, determination of responders and non-responders, metabolic surgery in non-obese individuals, and the evolving role of bariatric surgery in adolescents.
Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and recombinant human mannose-binding lectin express distinct age- and pathogen-specific antimicrobial activity in human newborn cord blood in vitro
Authors: Scheid Annette , Li Ning , Jeffers Carleen , Borriello Francesco , Joshi Sweta , Ozonoff Al , Pettengill Matthew , Levy Ofer
Published: May 2018

Background:There is a need to prevent and treat infection in newborns. One approach is administration of antimicrobial proteins and peptides (APPs) such as LL-37, a membrane-active cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, and mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a pattern-recognition protein that binds to microbial surface polysaccharides resulting in opsonization and complement activation. Low plasma/serum levels of LL-37 and of MBL have been correlated with infection and exogenous administration of these agents may enhance host defense.

Methods:The antimicrobial activity of LL-37 (15 µg/ml) or rMBL (0.5, 2 and 10 µg/ml) was tested in hirudin-anticoagulated preterm and term human cord blood (N = 12–14) againstStaphylococcus aureus(SA) USA 300 (2x104CFU/ml),Staphylococcus epidermis(SE) 1457 (2x104CFU/ml) andCandida albicans(CA) SC5314 (1x104CFU/ml). After incubation (1, 45, or 180 min), CFUs were enumerated by plating blood onto agar plates. Supernatants were collected for measurement of MBL via ELISA.

Results:Preterm cord blood demonstrated impaired endogenous killing capacity against SA and SE compared to term blood. Addition of LL-37 strongly enhanced antimicrobial/antifungal activity vs SA, SE and CA in term blood and SE and CA in preterm blood. By contrast, rMBL showed modest fungistatic activity vs CA in a sub-analysis of term newborns with high basal MBL levels. Baseline MBL levels varied within preterm and term cohorts with no correlation to gestational age. In summary, exogenous LL-37 demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against SA, SE and CA in term and SE and CA in preterm human blood testedin vitro. rMBL demonstrated modest antifungal activity in term cord blood of individuals with high baseline MBL levels.

Conclusions:To the extent that ourin vitroresults predict the effects of APPsin vivo, development of APPs for prevention and treatment of infection should take into account host age as well as the target pathogen.
Lost in translation
Authors: Nachev Parashkev , Rees Geraint , Frackowiak Richard
Published: May 2018

Translation in cognitive neuroscience remains beyond the horizon, brought no closer by supposed major advances in our understanding of the brain. Unless our explanatory models descend to the individual level—a cardinal requirement for any intervention—their real-world applications will always be limited. Drawing on an analysis of the informational properties of the brain, here we argue that adequate individualisation needs models of far greater dimensionality than has been usual in the field. This necessity arises from the widely distributed causality of neural systems, a consequence of the fundamentally adaptive nature of their developmental and physiological mechanisms. We discuss how recent advances in high-performance computing, combined with collections of large-scale data, enable the high-dimensional modelling we argue is critical to successful translation, and urge its adoption if the ultimate goal of impact on the lives of patients is to be achieved.
Introduction—Platforms and Infrastructures in the Digital Age
Authors: Constantinides Panos , Henfridsson Ola , Parker Geoffrey G.
Published: May 2018

In the last few years, leading-edge research from information systems, strategic management, and economics have separately informed our understanding of platforms and infrastructures in the digital age. Our motivation for undertaking this special issue rests in the conviction that it is significant to discuss platforms and infrastructures concomitantly, while enabling knowledge from diverse disciplines to cross-pollinate to address critical, pressing policy challenges and inform strategic thinking across both social and business spheres. In this editorial, we review key insights from the literature on digital infrastructures and platforms, present emerging research themes, highlight the contributions developed from each of the six articles in this special issue, and conclude with suggestions for further research.
Managing Channel Profits When Retailers Have Profitable Outside Options
Authors: Inderst Roman , Shaffer Greg
Published: May 2018

The channel-coordination literature typically focuses on how a supplier can overcome channel inefficiencies stemming from misaligned pricing incentives. In contrast, we show that when an incumbent supplier faces competition from other suppliers to supply the downstream firms, it may want to create inefficiencies. Our analysis offers useful prescriptions for how incumbent suppliers should react to competitive threats by smaller competitors, how manufacturers should react to powerful retailers who can produce their own private-label brands, and how upstream firms should optimally treat downstream firms who may have different marginal costs of distribution. Our analysis also explains why wholesale prices and thus final-goods prices would be expected to decrease when there is an increase in upstream or downstream competition.

This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Revenue Management with Customers’ Reference Price: Are the Existing Methods Effective?
Authors: Aslani Shirin , Sibdari Soheil , Modarres Mohammad
Published: May 2018

Existing revenue management methods and heuristics rely on specific demand-side assumptions such as customers’ independent decisions over time. We relax the assumption that purchasing decisions depend only on the current price and are independent of previous prices of the same or similar products. On the contrary, we assume that customers’ decisions depend on the product’s past prices through a reference price. With this new dimension, a firm needs not only to manage its remaining capacity but also to control the reference price to maximize its expected future profit. In this situation, we show that some of the main analytical properties such as monotonicity or modularity of the firm’s value function no longer hold. Consequently, the effectiveness of existing heuristics that have been developed based on these properties become limited and might generate poor results. Examples of such heuristics are the bid price and the booking limit, which are popular methods of revenue management in practice. For the new setting, incorporating a reference price, we update the existing revenue management heuristics and measure their updated effectiveness. We use a comprehensive simulation study to illustrate our results.
A eficácia das psicoterapias: apontamentos sobre uma cultura da avaliação em relatório francês de saúde
Authors: Machado Letícia Vier , Aguiar Fernando
Published: May 2018

A crescente expansão das ciências cognitivas na última década tem confrontado a psicanálise como método terapêutico e questionado a respeito de sua eficácia terapêutica. Em 2004, a Direção Geral da Saúde francesa solicitou a um grupo de peritos que realizasse um relatório de avaliação das principais psicoterapias presentes na França e examinasse a eficácia dos tratamentos empreendidos. O objetivo do artigo, resultante de pesquisa teórico-bibliográfica, é apresentar parte desta história recente da psicanálise na França, com a descrição do relatório publicado, analisado e discutido à luz de textos psicanalíticos ou sobre psicanálise. Procuramos explorar seus impasses e algumas questões políticas e econômicas que atravessam a publicação, que concluiu pela ineficácia da psicanálise em relação às demais abordagens avaliadas. As conclusões ressaltam a importância atribuída pela cultura às práticas avaliativas e à busca do completo estado de bem-estar, para em seguida apontar alguns vieses da avaliação da psicanálise pelo método da medicina baseada em evidências e esclarecer as repercussões do relatório na França uma década depois sobre o tratamento do autismo por psicanalistas.
O amor e as suas relações com a alteridade, o desejo e a criação
Authors: Gomes Rebeca , Freire José Célio
Published: May 2018

Seduzidos pelo fascínio que o amor exerce nos mais diversos âmbitos da experiência humana, e convencidos da natureza polissêmica e sempre renovada dos nós amorosos, sentimo-nos instigados a investigar o lugar reservado à alteridade nas relações amorosas na contemporaneidade. Para tanto, estudamos a temática do amor, abordando-a sob diferentes enfoques teóricos. Dentre eles, destacamos as considerações de Zygmunt Bauman, Emmanuel Lévinas, Anthony Giddens e Gilles Lipovetsky, ao mesmo tempo em que, como substrato teórico, atrelamo-nos à noção psicanalítica do amor como suplência à falta constitutiva do sujeito. Por fim, persuadidos das múltiplas formas de arranjo entre o amor e a alteridade, seja pautada pela ética de uma alteridade radical, pela demanda narcísica de um modelo hedonista de sociedade ou pela frouxidão dos laços de um amor líquido, apontamos que, para além dessas questões, o amor encerra uma dimensão estética, cuja relação estabelece-se com o desejo, a beleza e a criação.
Silêncio e segredo: sobre o desenvolvimento da capacidade de pensar
Authors: Gomes Sergio
Published: May 2018

Os psicanalistas sempre se depararam com o não verbalizável, o não dito, o não comunicável, ao tratar dos diversos males da alma daqueles que chegavam ao seu consultório. Quando o silêncio se faz presente em uma sessão de análise, ele manifesta uma pluralidade de sentidos com os quais todo o analista deve manejar no tratamento clínico. Assim, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar as interfaces entre silêncio e segredo na psicanálise, considerando-os como um desenvolvimento da capacidade do pensamento. Investiga-se os conceitos de rêverie, segredo e a capacidade de pensar a partir das teorias dos analistas da Escola Inglesa de Psicanálise. O autor defende a comunicação silenciosa, por um lado, e o direito ao segredo, por outro, como uma condição necessária a ser sustentada pelo analista na constituição psíquica do "eu", a partir de uma análise não invasiva, para que o paciente desenvolva a capacidade de pensar, sonhar e, posteriormente, se comunicar.
Complications in managing tooth wear; exploring a potential pitfall of using the dahl approach – a case study
Authors: Coulter Jamie , McCracken Giles
Published: May 2018

Abstract: Tooth wear (tooth surface loss) is an ever increasing problem which can be challenging to prevent, restore and maintain. These cases frequently have reduced inter-occlusal space and are often managed by re-organizing the occlusion or using techniques such as the Dahl approach. This approach is not without difficulties and can be particularly challenging in cases of Class II skeletal classifications. This report discusses tooth wear in a single case which initially planned the use of a Dahl approach but which was adapted following review due to distalization of the mandible, and so highlights a potential issue with this approach.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: With the increasing incidence of tooth wear it is important that general dental practitioners can assess, manage and restore worn dentitions in a safe and controlled manner.
Cone beam computed tomography: an update for general dental practitioners
Authors: Smith-Jack Freya , Davies Rebecca
Published: May 2018

Abstract: As medical imaging becomes more advanced, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is increasingly used in general dental practice to aid diagnosis and treatment planning. Uses are varied and range from implant planning, endodontic treatment planning, to facial reconstruction. This article aims to give an overview of the legislation, scanner types, advantages and pitfalls of CBCT imaging.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Cone beam CT imaging is becoming a widely used tool for imaging the dentition and facial bones. Justification and optimization of this imaging technique requires knowledge of the radiography of CBCT imaging, and the pros and cons of this technique.
Oral and dental management for people with multiple myeloma: clinical guidance for dental care providers
Authors: Abed Hassan , Burke Mary , Nizarali Najla
Published: May 2018

Abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) is defined as cancer of the plasma cells that is characterized by the production of abnormal immunoglobulin. It most commonly presents in people over 65 years of age, with a higher prevalence in men. People with MM can present with bone pain, renal failure, anaemia, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia, which can arise from the condition itself or from its treatment. A large proportion will be treated with intravenous bisphosphonates, therefore putting them at an increased risk of developing medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This paper aims to provide guidance on the oral and dental management of people with multiple myeloma.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: To provide an update to dental care providers on the oral and dental management of people with multiple myeloma and provide a guide on what factors to consider when deciding on the most appropriate setting for the provision of their dental care.
Residual stress measurements at the interface of spot welded dissimilar metals between carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Triyono Triyono , Jamasri Jamasri , Ilman M. N. , Rifai M. , Soekrisno R.
Published: May 2018

Residual stresses at the interface of spot welded dissimilar metals between carbon steel and austenitic steel have been studied. Carbon steel SS400 with thickness of 3.0 mm and 1.0 mm thick austenitic stainless steel SUS304 were joined in a lap joint by resistance spot weld (RSW). Residual stresses at the interface of spot welded similar metals 3.0 mm and 1.0 mm thick austenitic stainless steel SUS304 were also measured as a comparison. Neutron diffraction was used to determine the normal, radial and hoop residual stresses. Residual stresses, both on the side of carbon steel and stainless steel, either the normal, radial and hoop direction tend to compressive and vary depending on the distance from the nugget center. These stresses differ from the residual stresses at the interface of spot welded similar austenitic stainless steel that tend to tensile.
Empirical models for estimating properties of developed composite material from agro waste
Authors: Osarenmwinda J. O. , Nwachukwu J. C
Published: May 2018

Study was carried out to develop an empirical models for estimating the properties of developed composite material from agro waste (sawdust and palm kernel shell). The properties of the produced composite materials from agro waste obtained in previous experimental investigation were used to determine empirical model for hardness, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity; modulus of rupture, internal bond strength, density, thickness swelling and water absorption .The values obtained from the empirical models were found to compare favourably with the experimental values. The mean percentage error were determined to be -0.02167% (hardness), -0.462167%( yield strength),-0.03625 (ultimate tensile strength), -0.01045% (modulus of elasticity), -0.044057% (modulus of rupture), 0.001033% (internal bond strength),0.2153%(density), 0.5277% (thickness swelling) and 0.1365% (water absorption). These values were insignificant and below the maximum recommended error of 10%. These model performance were therefore found to be satisfactory and show good predictability.
Study of electrical optical and structural properties of lead selenide sulphide ternary thin films
Authors: Jadhav S. R. , Khairnar U. P.
Published: May 2018

Polycrystalline Lead Selenide Sulphide thin films have been deposited on glass substrate at 300 K by thermal evaporation technique. The different sets of samples of varying composition 'x' from 0.1 to 0.9 were deposited and annealed at reduced pressure of 0.1 micron for duration of 4 hours at temp (373) K. The material parameters determined are bulk resistivity 1.450 (Ohm-cm), mean free path 2820Å and carrier concentration 5.5 x 1012 per cm3. The estimated activation energy for heating cycles is larger as compare to cooling cycles. Fermi-energy determine from TEP study are within ranges between band gap energy and activation energy values.

Also the XRD study reveals that all the samples were polycrystalline having cubic FCC, cubic and tetragonal structure. The dependence of absorption coefficient ‘α’ on photon energy has been determined. The analysis of result so that for Lead Selenide Sulphide films of different composition, direct transition occurs with band gap energy in the range of 1.0 eV to 1.4 eV. Refractive indices and extinction coefficient have been evaluated and are in the range 1.20 to 4.80 and 0.005 to 0.0245 respectively. The compositions of films were analyzed using Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX). Also the grain size is determined from X-ray diffraction study. Most of the grain sizes are below 300 Å indicates that the film material exhibits nano structure. The SEM analysis indicates that the film is covered with large number of star shaped microgranuals. The size of the microgranuals increases with increasing ‘x’.
Massive Gauge Boson and its generation: Some comments and discussion
Authors: joshi Mahendra
Published: May 2018

Starting with proper application of Feynman gauge in quantum field theory the proposal has been made to remove the unphysical degree of freedom from the gauge boson propagator. It has also been shown that the unphysical degree of freedom corresponding to the goldstone boson and breaking of global U (1) symmetry alone is sufficient for generation of massive gauge boson.
Development and validation of novel spectrophotometric methods for the determination of ethacridine lactate in bulk
Authors: Venumadhav E. , Praveen P. Sai , Neha T. , Bhargavi P. , Rao G. Devela
Published: May 2018

Three simple and sensitive visible spectrophotometric methods (A-C) for the determination of Ethacridine Lactate in pure samples and pharmaceutical formulations are described. They are based on the formation of colored species by treating with Folin-Ciocalteau reagent (Method A, λmax 600nm) or 3-methyl 2-benzathiazolinone hydrazone in the presence of Ferric chloride (Method B, λmax 580 nm), or 1, 10 Phenathroline in presence of Ferric chloride (Method C, λmax 490nm). These methods were extended to the analysis of pharmaceutical preparations and results are compound with the refernce method (USP).
Thickness dependent electrical characterization of electron beam evaporated n-type CdSe thin films
Authors: Vishwakarma S. R. , Verma Aneet Kumar , Nath Tripathi Ravishankar , Rahul Rahul.
Published: May 2018

The prepared starting materials has composition Cd0.60Se0.40 was used to fabrication of thin films. Cadmium selenide thin films of different thickness (400nm-700nm) deposited by electron beam evaporation technique on well cleaned glass substrate at substrate temperature 300 K. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed that the prepared thin films of composition Cd 0.60Se 0.40 has polycrystalline in nature. The resistivity, conductivity, Hall mobility, carrier concentration of the deposited films were calculated of different films thickness..
A theoretical study of fluid mechanics and its mathematical model with physical interpretation
Authors: Kumar Patidar Ashok , Prajapat Vikas , Kumar Vishal
Published: May 2018

In this paper we have studied of fluid Mechanics and Mathematical models for different kinds of fluids with their physical interpretation, we have analysed importance of fluid mechanics and its important role in the study of astrophysical situation, Meteorology, Osceanography, Geophysics and its numerous application in allmost all branches of engineering and technology.
New advances in intra-operative imaging in trauma
Authors: Richter Peter H. , Gebhard Florian , Eickhoff Alexander , Schütze Konrad
Published: May 2018

The invention of flat-panel detectors led to a revolution in medical imaging. The major benefits of this technology are a higher image quality and dose reduction. Flat-panel detectors have proved to be superior to standard C-arms (= C-arm with radiograph source and image intensifier). Cone-beam computed tomography (cone-beam CT) is a 3D data set, which can be acquired with a flat-panel detector. The cone-shaped beam is used for 3D data generation. For cone-beam CT acquisition, the flat-panel detector rotates around the patient lying on the operating table. Intra-operative cone-beam CT can be a very helpful tool in orthopaedic surgery. Immediate control of fracture reduction and implant positioning in high image quality can reduce the need for secondary revision surgery due to implant malposition. In recent years there has been a revival of standard fan beam CT technology in operating rooms. Fixed and mobile systems are available. Fixed systems are typically placed on a sliding gantry. Different mobile intra-operative CT scanners were recently introduced. Due to their mobility, they are not bound to a specific operating room. The use of standard intra-operative CT scanners results in high 3D image quality but, in comparison with a cone-beam CT scanner, fluoroscopy is not possible. The introduction of flat-panel detectors has led to improvements in intra-operative image quality combined with dose reduction. The possibility of high-quality 3D imaging in combination with navigation can assure optimal implant placement. Due to immediate control of the osteosynthesis, revision surgery at a later time can be prevented.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170055
Head size in primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Tsikandylakis Georgios , Mohaddes Maziar , Cnudde Peter , Eskelinen Antti , Kärrholm Johan , Rolfson Ola
Published: May 2018

The use of larger femoral head size in total hip arthroplasty (THA) has increased during the past decade; 32 mm and 36 mm are the most commonly used femoral head sizes, as reported by several arthroplasty registries. The use of large femoral heads seems to be a trade-off between increased stability and decreased THA survivorship. We reviewed the literature, mainly focussing on the past 5 years, identifying benefits and complications associated with the trend of using larger femoral heads in THA. We found that there is no benefit in hip range of movement or hip function when head sizes > 36 mm are used. The risk of revision due to dislocation is lower for 36 mm or larger bearings compared with 28 mm or smaller and probably even with 32 mm. Volumetric wear and frictional torque are increased in bearings bigger than 32 mm compared with 32 mm or smaller in metal-on-cross-linked polyethylene (MoXLPE) THA, but not in ceramic-on-XLPE (CoXLPE). Long-term THA survivorship is improved for 32 mm MoXLPE bearings compared with both larger and smaller ones. We recommend a 32 mm femoral head if MoXLPE bearings are used. In hips operated on with larger bearings the use of ceramic heads on XLPE appears to be safer.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170061.
Weight-bearing cone beam CT scans in the foot and ankle
Authors: Lintz François , Cesar Netto Cesar de , Barg Alexeij , Burssens Arne , Richter Martinus , Weight Bearing CT International Study Group
Published: May 2018

The 3D anatomical complexity of the foot and ankle and the importance of weight-bearing in diagnosis have required the combination of conventional radiographs and medical CT. Conventional plain radiographs (XR) have demonstrated substantial limitations such as perspective, rotational and fan distortion, as well as poor reproducibility of radiographic installations. Conventional CT produces high levels of radiation exposure and does not offer weight-bearing capabilities. The literature investigating biometrics based on 2D XR has inherent limitations due to the technology itself and thereby can focus only on whether measurements are reproducible, when the real question is whether the radiographs are. Low dose weight-bearing cone beam CT (WBCT) combines 3D and weight-bearing as well as ‘built in’ reliability validated through industry-standardized processes during production and clinical use (quality assurance testing). Research is accumulating to validate measurements based on traditional 2D techniques, and new 3D biometrics are being described and tested. Time- and cost-efficient use in medical imaging will require the use of automatic measurements. Merging WBCT and clinical data will offer new perspectives in terms of research with the help of modern data analysis techniques.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170066