bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the Fatigue‐Induced Strain Evolution of Concrete Bridges using Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Becks Henrik , Brockmann Daniel , Hegger Josef , Classen Martin
Published: September 2023

Concrete bridges with low shear reinforcement ratios erected in the mid‐20th century are subjected to rapidly increasing traffic loads in the last decades. In the absence of precise methods for assessing the remaining service life, the detection of the slightest damage (e.g., cracks and corrosion) immediately leads to a partial or complete restriction of traffic. Major parts of the ultimate fatigue capacity are therefore not yet utilized. Addressing the aspects of sustainability and capacity of traffic infrastructure, it is crucial to extend the service life of existing bridges by optimized assessment concepts that cover the development of the actual damage state of the critical structural components. Therefore, this paper presents a novel monitoring concept for the strain development of pre‐damaged concrete structures. First experimental studies demonstrate that Fiber Optic Sensors (FOS) are ideally suited to capture the strain development of concrete structures under fatigue loading. Therefore, the developed measurement concept is based on this technology and can contribute to extend the service life of concrete bridges through comprehensive monitoring strategies.
Towards an Automated Crack Monitoring using Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors
Authors: Richter Bertram , Herbers Max , Marx Steffen
Published: September 2023

The high spatial resolution of distributed fiber optic sensors enables quasi‐continuous strain measurements, which makes it a promising technology for structural health monitoring. From this quasi‐continuous strain data, location and width of cracks can be estimated. For major benefit to infrastructure maintenance, this crack width calculation is need to be automated. A framework for crack width estimation is presented, streamlining the different approaches for concrete and steel sensors, mainly differing in the compensation of tension stiffening. Relevant parameters for the analysis are identified and their influence is studied. Two sensors – a concrete embedded one and a reinforcement attached one – are used to estimate crack width using the presented framework. The results are compared to digital image correlation. Accurate estimates are achieved. Tension stiffening showed to have a negligible small influence on the estimated crack widths. The concrete embedded sensors have a higher sensitivity and are recommended for crack width monitoring.
Cutting Stock Problem (CSP) applied to Structural Optimization for the minimum waste cost
Authors: Cucuzza Raffaele , Domaneschi Marco , Rosso Marco Martino , Martinelli Luca , Marano Giuseppe Carlo
Published: September 2023

In this study, an optimization method to design simple truss structures for the evaluation of the optimal stock of existing elements is introduced. To achieve this goal, the well‐known Bin Packing Problem (BPP) will be implemented within the structural optimization procedure. Specifically, among all the BPP variants, one of the most common applications in real‐world cases is the Cutting Stock Problem (CSP) in which the objective is to produce dj copies of each item type j by employing the minimum number of bins. In the civil engineering field, structural optimization is often employed aiming to improve the load‐bearing capacity of the structure itself, i.e. maximization of the performance ratio through the minimization of the structure weight. However, this goal doesn't guarantee maximum efficiency in terms of minimization of waste during the industrial production phase. To overcome these limits, authors propose a stock‐constrained structural optimization in which a heuristic search technique is adopted and the best arrangement of bars whit the lowest cut‐off waste is obtained for a 10‐bar‐truss case study. For completeness reasons, a comparison between the solution obtained by the classic minimum weight optimization problem and the stock‐constrained one is discussed.
Shear strengthening of a concrete trough bridge using embedded through‐section (ETS) FRP bars
Authors: Carrasco Carlos Hermosilla , Farré Alfredo García , Gonzalez‐Libreros Jaime , Wang Chao , Carolin Anders , Kjellman Jouko , Sas Gabriel
Published: September 2023

As worldwide infrastructure is ageing, significant efforts have been paid to the development of strengthening techniques that will restore or increase the initial capacity of existing structures. Considering that it is expected that shear failure happens in a less ductile mode than that observed under bending actions, special attention has been devoted to shear strengthening methods. These methods included externally bonded fiber reinforced polymers (EB‐FRP), near‐surface mounted (NSM‐FRP) method, and the embedded trough‐section (ETS) technique, among others. In this paper, ETS method is used for the strengthening in shear of a reinforced concrete railway bridge located in Finland. The ETS method consists in the embedment of FRP or steel bars through predrilled holes into the concrete core. The bars are bonded to the concrete using adhesives. The paper includes a brief review of recent advances in the use of ETS and comparison with other available techniques, the description of the case study, instrumentation of the bars using fiber optic sensors (FOS) for strain monitoring, the procedure used for the installation of the bars in the field, and a preliminary analysis of the data collected.
Neutral Silylyne Complex of Molybdenum: Synthesis, Properties, and Access to Silaiminoacyl Complexes via [2+3] Cycloaddition
Authors: Hashimoto Hisako , Watanabe Kohei , Yoshimoto Takashi , Hayakawa Naoki , Matsuo Tsukasa , Tobita Hiromi
Published: September 2023

A neutral silylyne complex of molybdenum was synthesized by the stepwise dehydrogenation method and its properties were compared with those of the tungsten analog. The complex takes a dimeric form as crystals but afford a monomer‐dimer equilibrium in solution. The replacement of the central metal from W to Mo led to a monomer dominant (~98 %) solution at room temperature. The monomer‐dimer dynamics was investigated based on thermodynamic parameters. The molybdenum silylyne complex underwent [2+2] cycloaddition with alkynes much faster than the tungsten analog. The reactions with organic azides led to the formation of the first example of silaiminoacyl complexes through [2+3] cycloaddition. The structures and bonding aspects of the products were clarified by multiple measurements and DFT calculations.
Chalcogen Bonding Catalysis: Tellurium, the Last Frontier?
Authors: Pale Patrick , Mamane Victor
Published: September 2023

Chalcogen bonding (ChB) is the non‐covalent interaction occurring between chalcogen atoms as Lewis acid sites and atoms or groups of atoms able to behave as Lewis bases through their lone pair or π electrons. Analogously to its sister halogen bonding, the high directionality of this interaction was implemented for precise structural organizations in the solid state and in solution. Regarding catalysis, ChB is now accepted as a new mode of activation as demonstrated by the increased number of examples in the last five years. In the family of ChB catalysts, those based on tellurium rapidly appeared to overcome their lighter sulfur and selenium counterparts. In this review, we highlight the Lewis acid properties of tellurium‐based derivatives in solution and summarize the start‐of‐the‐art of their applications in catalysis.
Yttrium Complexes with Group 13 Heterobenzene‐Type Ligands
Authors: Lebon Jakob , Barisic Damir , Maichle‐Mössmer Cäcilia , Anwander Reiner
Published: September 2023

The yttrium gallabenzene complex [(1‐Me‐3,5‐tBu2−C5H3Ga)(μ‐Me)Y(2,4‐dtbp)] is accessible from Y(GaMe4)3 and K(2,4‐dtbp) via a tandem salt metathesis/methane elimination (2,4‐dtbp=2,4‐di‐tert‐butyl‐pentadienyl). The pentadienyl ligand in [(1‐Me‐3,5‐tBu2−C5H3E)(μ‐Me)Y(2,4‐dtbp)] (E=Al, Ga) is easily displaced by salt metathesis with KC5Me5 and KTpMe,Me (TpMe,Me=tris(pyrazolyl‐Me2‐3,5)borato) affording [(1‐Me‐3,5‐tBu2−C5H3E)(μ‐Me)Y(TpMe,Me)] and [(1‐Me‐3,5‐tBu2−C5H3E)(μ‐Me)Y(C5Me5)]. The yttrium center in [(1‐Me‐3,5‐tBu2−C5H3E)(μ‐Me)Y(2,4‐dtbp)] readily forms adducts with neutral Lewis bases like 4‐DMAP (4‐dimethylaminopyridine), PMe3, DMPE (1,2‐bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane), and DME (1,2‐dimethoxyethane). In stark contrast, addition of TMEDA (N,N,N’,N’‐tetramethylethylenediamine) results in methyl/pentadienyl exchange between aluminum and yttrium resulting in [(1‐(2,4‐dtbp)‐1‐Me‐3,5‐tBu2−C5H3Al)Y(Me)(tmeda)]. The bonding features of the newly synthesized complexes are analyzed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) and heteronuclear (89Y, 31P) NMR spectroscopy.
Halogen Bonding in Brominated BODIPY Crystals: a Crystallographic and Computational Study
Authors: Farfán‐Paredes Mónica , Labra‐Vázquez Pablo , González‐Antonio Oscar , Martínez‐Bourget Diego , Guzmán‐Cedillo Cristian , Galindo‐Hernández Aylin , Romero Margarita , Santillan Rosa , Farfán Norberto
Published: September 2023

The study of halogen bonds (XBs) has been a subject of great interest in recent years due to its clear application in catalysis, liquid crystals, and crystal engineering. In this study, we analyzed the intermolecular interactions, in particular halogen bonds in BODIPYs with an increasing number of bromine atoms. The computational study included analyses through three different methods: the first approach of close contacts provided by mercury, then the expanded approach of the electron density partition of the molecules in the crystals provided by the analysis of Hirshfeld surfaces, and finally, the approach of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QT‐AIM) to characterize the non‐covalent interactions through finding electron density critical points between atoms and between neighboring molecules. The use of different computational methods allowed to gain insight into the interactions directing the crystal packing as the number of bromine atoms increased in the BODIPY moiety. Monocoordinated and bifurcated halogen bonds involving halide/halide were found. The penta‐brominated BODIPY showed four‐center cyclic nodes where each node is linked via XBs. This kind of motif can be useful in supramolecular chemistry and self‐assembly.
Incidence, risk factors, and management of alpelisib‐associated hyperglycemia in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Shen Sherry , Chen Yuan , Carpio Andrea , Chang Cassandra , Iyengar Neil M.
Published: September 2023

Purpose

The combination of fulvestrant with alpelisib, a PI3K inhibitor, improves progression‐free survival in metastatic hormone receptor–positive, PIK3CA‐mutant breast cancer. This study describes the incidence, risk factors, and treatment of alpelisib‐associated hyperglycemia.

Methods

Patients with metastatic breast cancer who received alpelisib from 2013 to 2021 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were included in this retrospective study. Alpelisib prescription dates and patient/tumor characteristics were abstracted from medical records. Risk factors associated with hyperglycemia and alpelisib dose reduction/discontinuation were evaluated using Pearson’s χ2 tests.

Results

Among 247 patients, baseline median body mass index was 25.4 kg/m2 and median hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was 5.5%. A total of 152 patients (61.5%) developed any‐grade hyperglycemia and 72 patients (29.2%) developed grade 3–4 hyperglycemia; median time to onset was 16 days. A total of 100 patients (40.5%) received alpelisib on a clinical trial; rates of hyperglycemia were significantly higher in patients treated as standard care versus on a clinical trial (any‐grade hyperglycemia 80.3% vs. 34.0%, grade 3–4 hyperglycemia 40.2% vs. 13.0%, p < .001). Baseline HbA1c was significantly associated with development of hyperglycemia (p < .001) and alpelisib dose reduction/discontinuation (p = .015). Among those who developed hyperglycemia, 101 (40.9%) received treatment, most commonly with metformin. A total of 49 patients (19.8%) were referred to an endocrinologist, which was associated with SGLT2 inhibitor prescription (p = .007).

Conclusions

Rates of hyperglycemia among patients treated with alpelisib as standard care were significantly higher than patients treated on clinical trials. Elevated baseline HbA1c is associated with alpelisib‐induced hyperglycemia and requiring dose modification. Optimization of glycemic status before alpelisib initiation should become routine practice.
Detection of clinically actionable gene fusions by next‐generation sequencing‐based RNA sequencing of non–small cell lung cancer cytology specimens: A single‐center experience with comparison to fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Diks John , Tang Zhenya , Altan Mehmet , Anderson Sarah , Chen Hui , Rashid Asif , Yang Richard Kenneth , Routbort Mark J. , Patel Keyur P. , Toruner Gokce A. , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Tang Guilin , Luthra Rajyalakshmi , Roy‐Chowdhuri Sinchita
Published: September 2023

Background

Genomic profiling is needed to identify actionable alterations in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Panel‐based testing such as next‐generation sequencing (NGS) is often preferred to interrogate multiple alterations simultaneously. In this study, we evaluate the utility of an RNA‐based NGS assay to detect genomic alterations in NSCLC cytology specimens and compare these results to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed of 264 NSCLC cytology specimens that were concurrently tested for gene fusions by RNA‐based NGS and ALK, RET, and/or ROS1 by FISH.

Results

Genomic alterations were detected in 29 cases by NGS, including ALK, RET, ROS1, NTRK, NUTM1, and FGFR3 fusions and MET exon 14 skipping alterations. Of the 20 cases with ALK, RET, and ROS1 fusions detected by NGS, 16 (80%) were concordant with the corresponding FISH results. Three cases showed discordance, where EML4::ALK (n = 2) and SLC34A2::ROS1 (n = 1) fusions were not detected by the corresponding FISH assay; one case with EZR::ROS1 was inadequate for FISH. No gene fusions were detected in 181 cases by NGS and 54 cases failed testing. The concordance rates for detecting ALK, RET, and ROS1 fusions using NGS and FISH were 97%, 100%, and 99.5%, respectively.

Conclusion

RNA‐based NGS can be used to detect gene fusions in NSCLC cytology cases with high concordance with FISH results. However, RNA‐based NGS may have high failure rates and therefore a low threshold for reflexing inadequate cases to an orthogonal testing method is essential for comprehensive genomic profiling.
The Challenge of ab Initio Calculations in Small Neon Clusters
Authors: Ema Ignacio , Ramírez Guillermo , López Rafael , San Fabián Jesús , García de la Vega José M.
Published: September 2023

Weakly bound neon dimer, trimer and tetramers are studied at HF and CCSD(T) levels using Dunning, ANO and SIGMA‐s basis sets. Their ground‐state binding energies are studied along with some structural properties. SIGMA‐s basis sets have been developed explicitly for this issue but in a manner that can be readily applied to other atoms for the study of larger weakly bound systems. The difficulties for attaining accurate results on these systems are assessed by the computation of total, atomization and correlation energies, as well as equilibrium distances, with several basis sets of increasing size, ranging from non‐augmented to double‐augmented versions. Extrapolations are proposed to predict stabilization energies and the results are compared with previously published data.
Time‐Resolved Spectroelectrochemical Dynamics of Carotenoid 8’‐apo‐β‐Carotenal
Authors: Keşan Gürkan , Özcan Emrah , Chábera Pavel , Polívka Tomáš , Fuciman Marcel
Published: September 2023

This work examines the influence of applied external voltage in bulk electrolysis on the excited‐state properties of 8′‐apo‐β‐carotenal in acetonitrile by steady‐state and ultrafast time‐resolved absorption spectroscopy. The data collected under bulk electrolysis were compared with those taken without applied voltage. The steady‐state measurements showed that although intensity of the S0‐S2 absorption band varies with the applied voltage, the spectral position remain nearly constant. Comparison of transient absorption spectra shows that the magnitude of the ICT‐like band decreases during the experiment under applied voltage condition, and is associated with a prolongation of the S1/ICT‐like lifetime from 8 ps to 13 ps. Furthermore, switching off the applied voltage resulted in returning to no‐voltage data within about 30 min. Our results show that the amplitude of the signal associated with the ICT state can be tuned by applying an external voltage.
A Mechanistic Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Platform Model to Guide Adult and Pediatric Intravenous and Subcutaneous Dosing for Bispecific T Cell Engagers
Authors: Zhang Xinwen , Lumen Annie , Wong Hansen , Connarn Jamie , Dutta Sandeep , Upreti Vijay V.
Published: September 2023

Bispecific T cell engagers (Bi‐TCEs) have revolutionized the treatment of oncology indications across both liquid and solid tumors. Bi‐TCEs are rapidly evolving from conventional intravenous (i.v.) to more convenient subcutaneous (s.c.) administrations and extending beyond adults to also benefit pediatric patients. Leveraging clinical development experience across three generations of Bi‐TCE molecules across both liquid and solid tumor indications from i.v./s.c. dosing in adults and pediatric subjects, we developed a mechanistic‐physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) platform model for Bi‐TCEs. The model utilizes a full PBPK model framework and was successfully validated for PK predictions following i.v. and s.c. dosing across both liquid and solid tumor space in adults for eight Bi‐TCEs. After refinement to incorporate physiological ontogeny, the model was successfully validated to predict pediatric PKs in 1 month – < 2 years, 2–11 years, and 12–17 years old subjects following i.v. dosing. Following s.c. dosing in pediatric subjects, the model predicted similar bioavailability, however, a shorter time to maximum concentration (Tmax) for the three age groups compared with adults. The model was also applied to guide the dosing strategy for first generation of Bi‐TCEs for organ impairment, specifically renal impairment, and was able to accurately predict the impact of renal impairment on PK for these relatively small‐size Bi‐TCEs. This work highlights a novel mechanistic platform model for accurately predicting the PK in adult and pediatric patients across liquid and solid tumor indications from i.v./s.c. dosing and can be used to guide optimal dose and dosing regimen selection and accelerating the clinical development for Bi‐TCEs.
How does digital transformation affect corporate social responsibility performance? From the dual perspective of internal drive and external governance
Authors: Sun Ziyuan , Wang Wenjiao , Wang Wei , Sun Xiao
Published: September 2023

Digital transformation has become a wave sweeping across the globe, affecting all industries with unprecedented speed and breadth, and it is urgent to introduce digital transformation into the corporate social responsibility (CSR) field. This study aims to investigate the impact of digital transformation on CSR performance and its influencing mechanism. The findings are as follows: (1) digital transformation can improve CSR performance; (2) from the dual perspective of internal drive and external governance, we figure out that digital transformation improves CSR performance by improving green management innovation and analyst coverage; (3) further analysis shows that the impact of digital transformation on CSR performance differs under different resource endowments and institutional environments (i.e., formal and informal institutions). Specifically, this promoting effect is only reflected incorporates more resources (i.e., human resources, cultural resources, employment resources, and economic resources), with strong environmental enforcement or high media attention. In the context of digital transformation, this study enriches the mechanism of improving CSR performance and is of great practical significance for corporates, markets, governments and other stakeholders. Meanwhile, the findings of this study are of practical guidance for promoting corporates to fulfill their social responsibility and achieve sustainable development goals in the digital era.
Virtual inertia and droop parameters quantitative determination method for VSC‐HVDC in receiving‐end area power systems with online inertia estimation based
Authors: Liu Bo , Du Puliang
Published: September 2023

Voltage source converter‐based high voltage direct current (VSC‐HVDC) transmissions are commonly employed to deliver as much inertial and primary frequency regulation (PFR) power as possible to a frequency‐disturbed system to ensure stable operation, which causes the unreasonable application of limited frequency regulation resources. Hence, this paper, based on online inertia estimation results, presents a novel method to determine the virtual inertia and droop parameters (MDVID) for VSC‐HVDC to weaken this deficiency. Firstly, the measured ambient active power and frequency variation data are applied as input and output of the auto‐regressive moving average with extra input (ARMAX) identification model, which is used to obtain the effective inertia of the studied system. Next, compared with the expected system dynamic frequency response characteristics under disturbance, the required and quantitative variation of the studied system inertia and droop parameters is acquired through the system frequency response (SFR) model. Then, the obtained variation of inertia and droop parameters is assigned to VSC‐HVDC based on the ratio of the rated capacity of the studied system to that of VSC‐HVDC. Finally, the simulation results confirmed the predominance of the proposed MDVID compared with other strategies in the event of a fault and step load variation.
A novel technique using stretching, repulsion, and chimp optimization algorithm to find global maximum power point considering complex partial shading conditions
Authors: Ashraf Hafiz Muhammad , Elahi Muqaddas , Kim Chul‐Hwan
Published: September 2023

The demand for green energy sources has led to the exploration of photovoltaic (PV) systems as a sustainable and cost‐effective solution. However, PV systems have an uncertain nature that makes the tracking of global maximum power point a challenge. To get the optimal benefits from the PV source, the extraction of power is required in a precise manner, especially in the case of irregular complex partial shading conditions (CPSCs). In the case of CPSCs, the global maximum point tracking (GMPP) is a bit difficult to manage by the conventional algorithms presented so far. As the power peaks increase with CPSCs, the conventional algorithms are usually stuck in the local maxima. To avoid sticking at all the local maxima points and to find GMPP with better efficiency, stretching is used here along with the repulsion technique. Stretching and repulsion techniques are merged with the chimp optimization algorithm (SRCA). The tuning parameters of SRCA are so effective that remove all local points and lead to finding the GMPP accurately. The proposed algorithm is applied to the PV array to extract optimal power off‐grid and on‐grid as well. The average tracking time and output power efficiency in the case of off‐grid is observed as 0.4 s and 99.87% while in the case of on‐grid as 0.09 s and 98.88%, respectively.
Rnd3 suppresses endothelial cell pyroptosis in atherosclerosis through regulation of ubiquitination of TRAF6
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhu Zhengru , Cao Yang , Xiong Zhenyu , Duan Yu , Lin Jie , Zhang Xuebin , Jiang Mengyuan , Liu Yue , Man Wanrong , Jia Tengfei , Feng Jiaxu , Chen Yanyan , Li Congye , Guo Baolin , Sun Dongdong
Published: September 2023

Background

As the main pathological basis for various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, atherosclerosis has become one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Emerging evidence has suggested that Rho GTPase Rnd3 plays an indisputable role in cardiovascular diseases, although its function in atherosclerosis remains unclear. Here, we found a significant correlation between Rnd3 and pyroptosis of aortic endothelial cells (ECs).

Methods

ApoeKO mice were utilized as a model for atherosclerosis. Endothelium‐specific transgenic mice were employed to disrupt the expression level of Rnd3 in vivo. Mechanistic investigation of the impact of Rnd3 on endothelial cell pyroptosis was carried out using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS), co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) assays, and molecular docking.

Results

Evidence from gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function studies denoted a protective role for Rnd3 against ECs pyroptosis. Downregulation of Rnd3 sensitized ECs to pyroptosis under oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) challenge and exacerbated atherosclerosis, while overexpression of Rnd3 effectively prevented these effects. LC‐MS/MS, Co‐IP assay, and molecular docking revealed that Rnd3 negatively regulated pyroptosis signaling by direct interaction with the ring finger domain of tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor 6 (TRAF6). This leads to the suppression of K63‐linked TRAF6 ubiquitination and the promotion of K48‐linked TRAF6 ubiquitination, inhibiting the activation of NF‐κB and promoting the degradation of TRAF6. Moreover, TRAF6 knockdown countered Rnd3 knockout‐evoked exacerbation of EC pyroptosis in vivo and vitro.

Conclusions

These findings establish a critical functional connection between Rnd3 and the TRAF6/NF‐κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway in ECs, indicating the essential role of Rnd3 in preventing pyroptosis of ECs.
IGF2BP3 mediates the mRNA degradation of NF1 to promote triple‐negative breast cancer progression via an m6A‐dependent manner
Authors: Zhang Xu , Shi Liang , Sun Han‐Dong , Wang Zi‐Wen , Xu Feng , Wei Ji‐Fu , Ding Qiang
Published: September 2023

Background

N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant reversible modification in eukaryotic mRNAs. Emerging evidences indicate that m6A modification plays a vital role in tumourigenesis. As a crucial reader of m6A, IGF2BP3 usually mediates the stabilisation of mRNAs via an m6A‐dependent manner. But the underlying mechanism of IGF2BP3 in the tumourigenesis of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unclear.

Methods

TCGA cohorts were analysed for IGF2BP3 expression and IGF2BP3 promoter methylation levels in different breast cancer subtypes. Colony formation, flow cytometry assays and subcutaneous xenograft were performed to identify the phenotype of IGF2BP3 in TNBC. RNA/RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)/methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) sequencing and luciferase assays were used to certify the target of IGF2BP3 in TNBC cells.

Results

IGF2BP3 was highly expressed in TNBC cell lines and tissues. TET3‐mediated IGF2BP3 promoter hypomethylation led to the upregulation of IGF2BP3. Knocking down IGF2BP3 markedly reduced the proliferation of TNBC in vitro and in vivo. Intersection co‐assays revealed that IGF2BP3 decreased neurofibromin 1 (NF1) stabilisation via an m6A‐dependent manner. NF1 knockdown could rescue the phenotypes of IGF2BP3 knockdown cells partially.

Conclusion

TET3‐mediated IGF2BP3 accelerated the proliferation of TNBC by destabilising NF1 mRNA via an m6A‐dependent manner. This suggests that IGF2BP3 could be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.
Cytomorphology of pulmonary low‐grade fetal adenocarcinoma in bronchial brushing specimen prepared by BD SurePath: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lee Wen‐Ying , Su Ying‐Chieh , Chuang Shi‐Sung
Published: September 2023

Low‐grade fetal adenocarcinoma (LGFA) of the lung is a rare subtype of lung adenocarcinoma, resembling developing fetal lung in pseudoglandular stage. LGFA is very different to conventional adenocarcinoma. It is more likely to occur in young adults and has favorable prognosis. Reports on the cytology of LGFA are very rare; only 10 cases have been reported previously in the English literature. Our case report adds to the cytological features of this tumor sampled by bronchial brushing and is the first case prepared by the BD SurePath liquid‐based cytology. We present a case of 31‐year‐old male with endobronchial involvement of right bronchus. The cytological features of diagnostic clues for LGFA include three dimensional glandular arrangements of uniform, columnar cells with inconspicuous nucleoli. It is important to recognize this rare and favorable variant of lung adenocarcinoma. In this report, we present the cytological and pathological features of LGFA, along with a literature review.
Preliminary data that psychological treatment and baseline anxiety are associated with a decrease in postprandial fullness and early satiation for individuals with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorder
Authors: Forney K. Jean , Burton Murray Helen , Himawan Lina , Juarascio Adrienne S.
Published: September 2023

Objective

Gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly postprandial fullness, are frequently reported in eating disorders. Limited data exist evaluating how these symptoms change in response to outpatient psychological treatment. The current study sought to describe the course of postprandial fullness and early satiation across psychological treatment for adults with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorders and to test if anxiety moderates treatment response.

Methods

Secondary data analysis was conducted on questionnaire data provided by 30 individuals (80% white, M(SD)age = 31.43(13.44) years; 90% female) throughout treatment and six‐month follow‐up in a pilot trial comparing mindfulness and acceptance‐based treatment with cognitive‐behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa. Participants completed items from the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire for Adult Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory.

Results

Postprandial fullness and early satiation both significantly decreased over time (ds = 1.23–1.54; p's < .001). Baseline trait anxiety moderated this outcome, such that greater decreases were observed for those with higher baseline anxiety (p = .02).

Discussion

Results extend prior work in inpatient samples by providing preliminary data that postprandial fullness and early satiation decrease with outpatient psychological treatment for bulimia nervosa. Baseline anxiety moderated this effect for postprandial fullness. Future work should replicate findings in a larger sample and test anxiety as a mechanism underlying postprandial fullness in eating disorders.

Public Significance

The current study found that common gastrointestinal symptoms (postprandial fullness and early satiation) decrease over the course of outpatient psychotherapy for adults with full and subthreshold bulimia nervosa. Postprandial fullness decreased more across time for those high in anxiety.
Microhabitat conditions drive uncertainty of risk and shape neophobic responses in Trinidadian guppies, Poecilia reticulata
Authors: Feyten Laurence E. A. , Ramnarine Indar W. , Brown Grant E.
Published: September 2023

In response to uncertain risks, prey may rely on neophobic phenotypes to reduce the costs associated with the lack of information regarding local conditions. Neophobia has been shown to be driven by information reliability, ambient risk and predator diversity, all of which shape uncertainty of risk. We similarly expect environmental conditions to shape uncertainty by interfering with information availability. In order to test how environmental variables might shape neophobic responses in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata), we conducted an in situ field experiment of two high‐predation risk guppy populations designed to determine how the ‘average’ and ‘variance’ of several environmental factors might influence the neophobic response to novel predator models and/or novel foraging patches. Our results suggest neophobia is shaped by water velocity, microhabitat complexity, pool width and depth, as well as substrate diversity and heterogeneity. Moreover, we found differential effects of the ‘average’ and ‘variance’ environmental variables on food‐ and predator‐related neophobia. Our study highlights that assessment of neophobic drivers should consider predation risk, various microhabitat conditions and neophobia being tested. Neophobic phenotypes are expected to increase the probability of prey survival and reproductive success (i.e. fitness), and are therefore likely linked to population health and species survival. Understanding the drivers and consequences of uncertainty of risk is an increasingly pressing issue, as ecological uncertainty increases with the combined effects of climate change, anthropogenic disturbances and invasive species.
Progression of diabetic nephropathy and vitamin D serum levels: A pooled analysis of 7722 patients
Authors: Dean Yomna E. , Elawady Sameh Samir , Shi Wangpan , Salem Ahmed A. , Chotwatanapong Arinnan , Ashraf Haya , Reddi Tharun , Dundi Prashant Obed Reddy , Habash Waleed Yasser , Habash Mohamed Yasser , Ahmed Safaa , Samir Hana M. , Elsayed Ahmed , Arora Aryan , Arora Abhinav , Elsayed Abdelrahman , Mady Tamer , Tanas Yousef , Hazimeh Yusef , Alazmy Mohamed , Aiash Hani
Published: September 2023

Background and Aim

Low serum Vitamin D levels have been associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our study aimed to analyse the serum levels of vitamin D in patients suffering from DN and the subsequent changes in serum vitamin D levels as the disease progresses.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS and Web of Science were searched using keywords such as ‘25 hydroxyvitamin D’ and ‘diabetic nephropathy’. We included observational studies that reported the association between the serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels and diabetic nephropathy without restriction to age, gender, and location. R Version 4.1.2 was used to perform the meta‐analysis. The continuous outcomes were represented as mean difference (MD) and standard deviation (SD) and dichotomous outcomes as risk ratios (RR) with their 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Twenty‐three studies were included in our analysis with 7722 patients. Our analysis revealed that vitamin D was significantly lower in diabetic patients with nephropathy than those without nephropathy (MD: −4.32, 95% CI: 7.91–0.74, p‐value = .0228). On comparing diabetic patients suffering from normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, or macroalbuminuria, we found a significant difference in serum vitamin D levels across different groups. Normoalbuminuria versus microalbuminuria showed a MD of −1.69 (95% CI: −2.28 to −1.10, p‐value = .0002), while microalbuminuria versus macroalbuminuria showed a MD of (3.75, 95% CI: 1.43–6.06, p‐value = .0058), proving that serum vitamin D levels keep declining as the disease progresses. Notwithstanding, we detected an insignificant association between Grade 4 and Grade 5 DN (MD: 2.29, 95% CI: −2.69–7.28, p‐value = .1862).

Conclusion

Serum Vitamin D levels are lower among DN patients and keep declining as the disease progresses, suggesting its potential benefit as a prognostic marker. However, on reaching the macroalbuminuria stage (Grades 4 and 5), vitamin D is no longer a discriminating factor.
Does policy uncertainty affect non‐financial disclosure? Evidence from climate change‐related information
Authors: Assaf Cynthia , Benlemlih Mohammed , El Ouadghiri Imane , Peillex Jonathan
Published: September 2023

We examine the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and the release of climate change‐related information as a representation of non‐financial information. We argue that firms are likely to disclose their climate change‐related information to gain ethical legitimacy, especially during uncertain times. Using the policy uncertainty measure from Baker, Bloom, and Davis (2016) and an extensive dataset from the CSRwire platform, we provide strong evidence that policy uncertainty is positively associated with releasing climate change‐related news. Our findings are robust to alternative measures of policy uncertainty and when controlling for endogeneity. In a set of additional analyses, we show that the industries within which firms operate and their environmental performance are channels that explain the release of climate‐related information. Taken together, our results highlight the role that climate change‐related information may play in providing firms with ethical legitimacy and building trust among all stakeholders in times of political uncertainty.
An effective classification approach to categorize the breast cancer using modified support vector machine as a classifier
Authors: Muvva Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy , Dayanand Lal N. , Shah Syed Mehr Ali
Published: September 2023

Breast cancer is a type of cancer which threatens the health of women and occupies first in female cancer mortality. In recent days, the machine learning techniques are widely utilized in various medical fields particularly in the application related to detection and classification. However, the accuracy obtained from the existing machine learning techniques was reliably low and results in poor classification. To overcome the issues in existing algorithms, this research introduced a Modified Support Vector Machine (MSVM) to classify the breast cancer as benign and malignant. The input data is obtained from Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD) and the pre‐processing is performed to remove the inappropriate information from the raw data. Then, Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is used in the process of dimensionality reduction. The reduced dimensions are subjected into the stage of feature extraction using linear Discriminant analysis (LDA) and finally the classification is performed using the proposed MSVM. The experimental results show that the proposed approach achieved better classification accuracy of 99.34% which is comparatively higher than the existing Deer canid based Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN), LDA‐SVM, Fuzzy rule based system and Intelligent Ensemble Classification method on the basis of Multi‐Layer Perceptron (IEC‐MLP) with classification accuracy of 98.12%, 97.65%, 97.22% and 98.74% respectively.
Meat and meat substitutes—A hedonic‐pricing model for the German market
Authors: Petersen Thies , Tatic Milan , Hartmann Monika , Hirsch Stefan
Published: September 2023

In this study, a hedonic pricing model with a stochastic frontier is applied to a sample of 183,717 observations of product sales of sausages in Germany to determine the valuation of attributes in the market. The average price of sausages is 1.14€/100 g, with meat substitutes valued at 1.53€/100 g and meat sausages at 1.01€/100 g. Our results show that credence attributes can induce a price premium, but that the effect strongly depends on the type of attribute. This may be important for deriving marketing strategies, as uniform measures may not be effective for both markets.
Wide‐field Mueller matrix polarimetry for spectral characterization of basic biological tissues: Muscle, fat, connective tissue, and skin
Authors: Pardo Iago , Bian Subiao , Gomis‐Brescó Jordi , Pascual Esther , Canillas Adolf , Bosch Salvador , Arteaga Oriol
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the polarimetric properties of skin, skeletal muscle, connective tissue, and fat using Mueller matrix imaging. It aims to compare the polarimetric characteristics of these tissues and explore how they evolve with wavelength. Additionally, the temporal evolution of certain tissues during meat aging is studied, providing insights into the dynamic behavior of polarimetric properties over time. The research employs back‐scattering configuration and the differential decomposition analysis method of Mueller matrix images. Both in‐vivo and ex‐vivo experiments were conducted using a consistent instrument setup to ensure reliable analysis. The results reveal wavelength‐dependent variations in tissue properties, including an increase in depolarization with wavelength. Significant differences in the polarimetric characteristics of meat tissues, particularly for skeletal muscle, are observed. Over a 24‐h period, intensity, diattenuation, and retardation experience alterations, being the decreased retardation in skeletal muscle and the increased retardation in fat the most notable ones.
Neuron‐derived extracellular vesicles contain synaptic proteins, promote spine formation, activate TrkB‐mediated signalling and preserve neuronal complexity
Authors: Solana‐Balaguer Julia , Campoy‐Campos Genís , Martín‐Flores Núria , Pérez‐Sisqués Leticia , Sitjà‐Roqueta Laia , Kucukerden Melike , Gámez‐Valero Ana , Coll‐Manzano Albert , Martí Eulàlia , Pérez‐Navarro Esther , Alberch Jordi , Soriano Jordi , Masana Mercè , Malagelada Cristina
Published: September 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in intercellular communication as carriers of signalling molecules such as bioactive miRNAs, proteins and lipids. EVs are key players in the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) by influencing synaptic events and modulating recipient neurons. However, the specific role of neuron‐to‐neuron communication via EVs is still not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that primary neurons uptake neuron‐derived EVs in the soma, dendrites, and even in the dendritic spines, and carry synaptic proteins. Neuron‐derived EVs increased spine density and promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6), via TrkB‐signalling, without impairing the neuronal network activity. Strikingly, EVs exerted a trophic effect on challenged nutrient‐deprived neurons. Altogether, our results place EVs in the spotlight for synaptic plasticity modulation as well as a possible therapeutic tool to fight neurodegeneration.
On the number of star‐shaped classes in optimal colorings of Kneser graphs
Authors: Daneshpajouh Hamid Reza
Published: September 2023

A family of sets is called star‐shaped if all the members of the family have a point in common. The main aim of this paper is to provide a negative answer to the following question raised by Aisenberg et al., for the case . Do there exist ‐colorings of the ‐Kneser graphs with more than many non‐star‐shaped color classes?
Closed loop supply chains in apparel: Current state and future directions
Authors: Denizel Meltem , Schumm Caroline Z.
Published: September 2023

The apparel and textile industry (AT) is considered one of the most polluting industries in the world due to the complexity of the supply chain and the high volume of natural resources and toxic chemicals used during manufacturing. Closed loop supply chains (CLSC) for apparel and textile are unique and therefore the circular economy solutions that exist for other industries, especially the electronics industry where these solutions are used extensively, may not be successful. This study aims to evaluate the practices of fashion brands that currently employ a CLSC to better understand the existing strategies and prevalent issues in comparison to the electronics industry. We developed a framework based on factors that identify the delineating aspects of a CLSC and performed a content analysis of the publicly available sustainability reports of companies. The results show the need for different solutions between the industries and indicate a need for research that is informed by the AT specific contextual factors since one‐fits‐all solutions will not work well across industries.
Glacier changes since the Last Glacial Maximum on two slopes of Mt Noijin Kang‐Sang, Southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Jinhua , Li Yingkui , Yi Chaolu , Hu Haiping , Ma Baihui , Wan Li
Published: September 2023

In recent decades, most glaciers have been melting, thinning and retreating globally in response to continuously increasing temperatures. We simulated ice thicknesses and volumes on the east and west slopes of Mt Noijin Kang‐Sang, Southern Tibetan Plateau (TP), since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), using a glacial flowline model. The simulated average ice thicknesses during the LGM and Lateglacial (LG), Early Holocene, Neoglacial and the Little Ice Age (LIA) periods were 1.4, 1.3, 1.1 and 1.2 times greater than those of modern glaciers in the Gangbu (eastern slope) and western valleys, respectively. In the Gangbu Valley, areas from the LGM‐LG to LIA periods were 1.7, 1.5, 1.4 and 1.2 times greater than the modern glacier area, and the volume expansion indexes were 2.2, 1.9, 1.5 and 1.4. In the western valleys, the area expansion indexes were 2.2, 1.9, 1.5 and 1.4 times greater than the modern glacier, and volumes were 5.4, 4.4, 3.4 and 2.9 times greater, respectively. Glaciers in the western valleys retreated more extensively than those on the eastern slopes of Gangbu Valley after the LGM‐LG, probably due to the smaller glaciers on the leeward western slopes with lower elevations. Equilibrium‐line altitudes dropped ~425 m in Gangbu Valley and ~385 m in the western valleys during the LGM‐LG, corresponding to a 3.8–4.1 °C temperature decrease in this region, which was consistent with cooling on the central Tibetan Plateau, but lower than cooling at the south‐eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau.
Influence of myoglobin on the antibacterial activity of carvacrol and the binding mechanism between the two compounds
Authors: Yuan Dongdong , Du Jing , Xin Mengna , Bai Guohui , Zhang Chan , Liu Guorong
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

Myoglobin (MB), a pigmentation protein, can adversely affect the antibacterial activity of carvacrol (CAR) and weaken its bacteriostasis effect. This study aimed to clarify the influence of MB on the antibacterial activity of CAR and ascertain the mechanism involved in the observed influence, especially the interaction between the two compounds.

RESULTS

Microbiological analysis indicated that the presence of MB significantly suppressed the antibacterial activity of CAR against Listeria monocytogenes. Ultraviolet–visible spectrometry and fluorescence spectroscopic analysis confirmed the interaction between CAR and MB. The stoichiometric number was determined as ~0.7 via double logarithmic Stern–Volmer equation analysis, while thermodynamic analysis showed that the conjugation of the two compounds occurred as an exothermal reaction (ΔH° = −32.3 ± 11.4 kJ mol−1 and ΔS° = −75 J mol−1 K−1). Circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed hydrogen bonding in the carvacrol–myoglobin complex (CAR‐MB). Molecular docking analysis confirmed that amino acid residues, including GLY80 and HIS82, were most likely to form hydrogen bonds with CAR, while hydrogen bonds represented the main driving force for CAR‐MB formation.

CONCLUSION

CAR antibacterial activity was significantly inhibited by the presence of MB in the environment due to the notable reduction in the effective concentration of CAR caused by CAR‐MB formation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.