bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Communication and Organizational Ability in the Activity of Engineering Staff
Authors: Alimirzayev Nodirbek Avazbek o’g’li
Published: March 2024

This in the article leadership qualities communicativeness and organization features regarding concepts given. Engineer employees in the activity communicativeness and organization feature developed to go process about concepts given.
Cyber Security and its Fundamentals
Authors: Axmetov Rustam Dilshotovich
Published: March 2024

Ransomware typically targets large commercial targets. However, random victims who are unable to repel a cyber attack also fall under their attacks. This article will talk about how malware can harm the life of an entire city, and even a country. This article provides information on cyber security, a summary of its worldwide research status and implications, and statistical sources.
1807-1813 Military Campaign of Khiva Khan Muhammad Rahimkhan I
Authors: Saparbaev Bunyodbek
Published: March 2024

This article talks about the military campaigns of Khiva Khan Muhammad Rahimkhan I (1806-1825) in the first years of his reign, i.e. 1807-1813. Khan’s military expeditions to the Kungirat, Karakalpak clans and tribes and Dashti Kipchak, as well as the occupation of those territories, and the comrades who helped Muhammad Rahimkhan I (1806-1825) were given information.
The Embodiment of Jaloliddin Manguberdi in the Work of Maksud Sheikhzade
Authors: Shavkatov Xusniddin Ruslanbek oʻgʻli
Published: March 2024

Maksud Sheikhzade was one of the major representatives of Uzbek literature. He worked side by side with such artists of words as Oybek, Gafur Ghulam. Maksud Sheikhzadeh was a poet. It can be said that Maksud Sheikhzadeh was a scientist in creativity, a scientist in poetry and a poet in science. The works of Maksud Sheikhzade are works created in a philosophical spirit.
Captive Lifestyle of Reptiles in the Tashkent Zoo
Authors: Khonnazarova Mamlakat T.
Published: March 2024

As we know, ancient reptiles - Cotylosaurs - evolved from Stegocephalus in the Middle Carboniferous period. Stegocephalus later divided into 2 branches; from one of them - mammals, and the other - birds. Reptiles (Reptilia) belong to the class of vertebrates. Currently, there are 3 zoos in the Republic of Uzbekistan. These zoos are located in Surkhandarya region, Fergana region, and the city of Tashkent. In total, these zoos contain 14,443 species of animals. 304 of them are reptiles. Nowadays the Tashkent Zoo occupies 21.5 hectares and has 373 animal species. 12 animal displays and the zoo are open to the public. The new territory has animal cages, including big wintering quarters.

 

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Innovative Motivation Methods of Staff At Small and Private Business Enterprises
Authors: Maripova Shahlo Akramovna
Published: March 2024

.This article discusses one of the crucial challenges for small businesses today- issue of motivation at staff members which in the long run can lead either to prosperity of business or to the failure of it. The aim of this work is to study the reasons and consequences of this phenomenon for small business and private enterprises. During our research we comprehensively studied the works of world expertise on the raised issue, different research methods were used such as abstraction, induction   and   deduction, methods of observation, logical and structural analysis, grouping, mutual and comparative comparison. Various concepts of work motivation were analysed, concepts proposed by A.Maslow, K.Alderfer, McCelland, F.Herzberg were studied in detail taking into account the specific of human resource management at small business companies. In conclusion, several recommendations were given for small businesses’ managers regarding creating favourable conditions for staff motivation at workplace.
Preliminary Monitoring of Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Migration Patterns in the Waters Botubarani Village Gorontalo Based on Satellite Marker Monitoring
Authors: Sukirman DJ. Tilahunga  , Abdul Hafidz Olii  , Femy Mahmud Sahami  , Abdy Wunanto Hasan  , Moch. Iqbal Herwata Putra  , Mark V. Erdmann
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the migration patterns of Whale Sharks using satellite markers in the waters of Botubarani Village, Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province. This research was conducted from April 2023 to December 2023 using satellite-based technology by installing satellite tagging (Finmount Tag) on two individual whale sharks that often appear at the research location with codes ID 53 and ID 55. Tagging was carried out using the containment method. using nets and boats. The results showed that the two individuals showed different migration patterns both spatially and temporally. The individual with ID code 53 was recorded as having migrated for 79 days and the individual with ID code 55 was recorded as having migrated for 54 days to return to Botubarani beach, Gorontalo. Based on monitoring results, the two of them have different migration patterns but are still in the Tomini Bay waters. The results of this research have contributed to knowledge about the behavior of Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus) in the waters of Tomini Bay which can be useful as a basis for future management.
Effect of Different Planting Schemes and Feeding Area on Growth, Development and Yield of Lemon Plant
Authors: Faxrutdinov Nuritdin Zaynutdinovich
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of a study conducted to study the effect of different planting schemes and feeding area on the growth, development and productivity of lemon plants. Also, the article describes the phenological observations, biometric calculations, productivity and quality of fruits in the growth and development of lemon seedlings planted in different schemes.
Natural Distribution and Medicinal Properties of the Ferula L Genus Growing in Mountainous and Desert Areas in Uzbekistan
Authors: O‘g‘li Eshmatov G‘ayrat Xurram , O‘g‘li Xakimov Akbar Sanjar
Published: March 2024

This article presents literature data on the natural distribution and medicinal properties of Ferula L, which grows in Uzbekistan in mountainous and desert regions.
Psychoanalytic Study of Literature in the Novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata and its Implications for Literature Learning
Authors: Morein Gabriela  , Donal M. Ratu  , Sherly F. Lensun
Published: March 2024

The problems in this research are (1) What are the structural elements that build the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata? (2) What is the character of the main character in the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata? (3) What are the implications of the learning model for the novel Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata in learning literary appreciation in class VIII junior high school? The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method. The research results are as follows: 1. The structure of the novel Laskar Pelangi is (a) Theme; This novel has a theme about education. (b) Characterization; The main characters in this novel are Ikal (aku), Lintang and Mahar (c) Setting; Muhammadiah School, Building, PN School, (d) Point of View; My point of view as the main character. (e) Mandate; gratitude in life, teachings 2. Viewed from a literary psychology perspective, the characters in the novel Laskar Pelangi use a deepening of Sigmund Freud's theory, regarding the elements of personality (id, ego, and superego), it can be understood the character formation of each character: (a) Curls ; Ikal's character in his soul, id can be defeated with super ego. The 'I' character doesn't just want to beat Lintang's character in terms of intelligence, if Ikal's id is very strong, maybe he will hate or even not want to be friends with his deskmate anymore because feel defeated, but the super ego defeats the id. (b) Latitude; Ego is a psychological aspect of personality that arises from the individual's need to relate well to the real world. Lintang has an id, namely extraordinary intelligence that he was born with coupled with his passionate ego. His enthusiasm for learning was to uplift his very poor family. makes him very enthusiastic about learning. However, the super ego itself makes Lintang no longer carry on his id and ego. 3. Implications of the Cultural and Educational values contained in the Novel Laskar Pelangi which need to be emulated and taught in literature learning at school, namely: Religious Values, Social Values, Moral or Ethical Values and Aesthetic Values
How to Develop Writing Skills
Authors: Tirkashovna Tursunova Ozoda
Published: March 2024

Effective writing requires a combination of skills, including grammar, vocabulary, and time management. By using active voice, keeping it simple, and tailoring your writing to your audience, you can create engaging and impactful content. Additionally, taking breaks, using examples, and staying motivated can help you overcome writer's block and achieve your writing goals. With practice and dedication, anyone can improve their writing skills and become a more effective communicator.
The Role of Amir Temur in the History of Europe
Authors: Ugli Alikulov Azamat Shavkat
Published: March 2024

Amir Temur, also known as Tamerlane, was one of the most influential figures in history and had a lasting influence on Europe. Through his military invasions and diplomatic tactics, he changed the political landscape of the region. This article examines various aspects of Amir Temur's role in European history.
The Peculiarities of Using Aphorisms in Context
Authors: Shoniyozova Maftuna Ramzaevna
Published: March 2024

Aphorisms have long been the subject of research. The analysis of aphorisms was carried out based on the work of individual authors, their collections, as well as individual thematic groups of aphorisms. The research was based on material from various languages; aphorisms were examined from the ancient era to the present. Aphorisms as a topic of research represent rich material, the relevance of which for philologists is undeniable. The subject of our research is the analysis of the linguistic-stylistic features of the aphorism genre from the perspective of text theory.
Uzbek Poetry of the Independence Period and Salim Ashur's Work
Authors: Rozimurodova Norbibi Chorikhojhayevna
Published: March 2024

In this article, the poetry of the independence period is given. The attitude towards the literature of this period is expressed. Some poems of Salim Ashur are analyzed.
Theoretical Analysis of Transportation of Cotton to Bank and Warehouses
Authors: Mominov M. R  , Topvoldiev A. A
Published: March 2024

The analysis of the processes related to the process of ginning cotton in open and closed warehouses showed that the gin formation in the process of cotton preparation is the process that requires the most manual labor. is coming. In this article, based on the existing physical laws, the answer to such questions as the heavy forces of the transported cotton and the movement of the cotton was found.
(Fe)male Voices on Stage
Authors: Terwisscha van Scheltinga Marly , Budts Sara , Puttevils Jeroen
Published: March 2024

Dit artikel onderzoekt de patronen in loterijrijmpjes uit de laatmiddeleeuwse en vroegmoderne Lage Landen, met een focus op de rijmpjes geschreven door vrouwen. Loterijen waren een populaire methode om geld op te halen, en de loterijrijmpjes, persoonlijke boodschappen die werden neergeschreven op de loten, zijn een waardevolle bron voor historici. We verzamelden meer dan 11,000 gedigitaliseerde korte teksten afkomstig van vijf loterijen die plaatsvonden tussen 1446 en 1606. In de analyse maakten we gebruik van GysBERT, een taalmodel voor historisch Nederlands, om kenmerkende discoursen voor mannelijke en vrouwelijke auteurs te identificeren. Hoewel GysBERTs resultaten ons op het spoor brachten van enkele interessante patronen, lieten ze ook zien dat de rijmpjes geschreven door mannen en vrouwen niet radicaal van elkaar verschillen. Dit is in lijn met inzichten uit de historiografie over vroegmoderne vrouwen, waarin wordt benadrukt dat vrouwen functioneerden binnen maatschappelijke, en in dit geval ook literaire, conventies. Soms werden deze conventies door vrouwen ondermijnd, soms aangepast, maar soms ook zonder verandering overgenomen.
This article explores the patterns in lottery rhymes produced in the late medieval and early modern Low Countries, with a focus on the rhymes written by women. The lottery was a popular fundraising event in the Low Countries. Lottery rhymes, personal messages attached to the lottery tickets, provide a valuable source for historians. We collected more than 11,000 digitised short texts from five lotteries held between 1446 and 1606. We have used GysBERT, a language model of historical Dutch, to identify distinctively male and female discourses in the lottery rhymes corpus. Although the model pointed us to some interesting patterns, it also showed that lottery rhymes written by men and women do not radically differ from each other. This is consistent with insights from premodern women’s history which stresses that women worked within societal, and in this case literary, conventions, sometimes subverting them, sometimes adapting them, sometimes adopting them unchanged.
Daan op zijn knieën
Authors: Pekelder Jacco , Teneyken Neele
Published: March 2024

In deze forumbijdrage kijken wij kritisch naar Het verhaal van Nederland (2022), de tiendelige televisieserie van de NPO. Op basis van drie criteria – de educatieve meerwaarde voor met name jonge (Duitse) kijkers, de aansluiting bij recente geschiedwetenschappelijke inzichten en de bijdrage aan kritisch-historisch besef – beoordelen we de opbouw, inhoud en opmaak van de serie. Onze bijzondere aandacht gaat daarbij uit naar het gebruik van re-enactment, omdat die techniek in de Nederlandse geschiedenistelevisie relatief uniek is. Ons oordeel pakt deels negatief uit: inzake de eerste twee criteria scoort Het verhaal goed, op het derde punt minder. Mede door de re- enactmentscènes ligt alle nadruk in de nieuwe serie op ‘het verhaal’. Nadat voorgangers van deze televisieserie juist het kritisch meedenken door de kijker over de constructie van geschiedenisverhalen hadden bevorderd, zien wij dit als stap terug.
Geschiedenis zonder bewegend beeld – en toch op televisie
Authors: Prak Maarten
Published: March 2024

Historicus Maarten Prak reflecteert in dit essay op zijn eigen bijdrage aan een episode van Het verhaal van Nederland. Hij verbindt dit aan de doelstellingen van deze serie uit 2022 en aan de opzet en receptie van eerdere televisiereeksen over Nederlandse geschiedenis waaraan hij heeft deelgenomen.
JESUÍTAS, OS FUNDADORES DA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA: HISTÓRICO, MÉTODO, ENSINO E CONTRIBUIÇÕES
Authors: Souza Antonio Coelho de
Published: March 2024

A educação jesuíta no Brasil, constituiu-se de uma das primeiras tentativas de implantação de um sistema de ensino formal e, indiscutivelmente, o primeiro em grande escala em terras brasileiras. Dessa maneira, o estudo da educação jesuíta e de seu método de ensino é imprescindível para a compreensão da formação histórica da educação, da cultura e do próprio Estado brasileiro. Assim, o presente artigo tem por objetivo principal discorrer sobre a educação jesuíta, atualizando o estado do conhecimento sobre o tema e contribuindo para novas reflexões sobre o assunto, sendo justificado, dentre outras coisas, pela escassez de bibliografia científica que verse sobre o tema. Dessa forma, no artigo serão trabalhados o histórico da Ordem, o Ratio Studiorum, o ensino e as contribuições da educação jesuíta. Para o desenvolvimento do presente estudo foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico, garantindo à pesquisa o caráter metodológico Qualitativo. Concluindo-se que, o ensino jesuíta desempenhou um papel decisivo nos primeiros séculos da formação do Brasil, sendo seu método bastante robusto para a época.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR PARA A FORMAÇÃO DOS INDIVÍDUOS
Authors: Torino Luciana Garcia , Sousa Keilor da Silva de , Rodriguez Jesus Alves
Published: March 2024

É sabido que os professores devem analisar suas práticas e conteúdos visando contribuir para a formação dos alunos, uma vez que é essencial que o professor de Educação Física busque diferentes métodos que auxiliem no progresso do ensino, desenvolvendo assim um planejamento consistente para enfrentar os desafios da disciplina nas escolas. O objetivo principal da pesquisa é debater sobre a importância da Educação Física escolar na formação dos alunos, buscando contribuir para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, com objetivos específicos como a descrição da Educação Física escolar e seu contexto histórico, identificação dos princípios da disciplina e sua influência na transformação social, papel do professor na formação integral dos alunos, análise das bases legais da Educação Física escolar, abordagens pedagógico-sociais e como contribuem para a formação dos indivíduos. A prática de Educação Física nas escolas contribui significativamente para a mudança social dos alunos, por meio da construção coletiva de conhecimento e conteúdos relevantes. Além disso, promove a satisfação e o prazer, estimulando novas descobertas e conscientizando sobre a importância do desenvolvimento corporal. Portanto, a Educação Física desempenha um papel estratégico na transformação social do indivíduo.
A novel method to detect the tropopause structure based on bi-Gaussian function
Authors: Zhang Kun , Luo Tao , Li Xuebin , Cui Shengcheng , Weng Ningquan , Huang Yinbo , Wang Yingjian
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The tropopause is important as a diagnostic of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere structures, with unique atmospheric thermal, dynamic structures. A comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the fine tropopause structures is necessary and primary to further study the complex multi-scale atmospheric physicochemical coupling processes in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Utilizing the bi-Gaussian function, a novel method is capable of identifying the characteristic parameters of tropopause vertical structures, as well as providing the information of double tropopauses (DT) structures. The new method improves the definition of cold point tropopause, and detects one (or two) most significant local coldest point(s) in mathematical statistics by fitting the temperature profiles to the bi-Gaussian function, which is (are) defined as the tropopause height(s). The bi-Gaussian function exhibits remarkable potential for explicating the variation trend of temperature profiles. The recognition results of the bi-Gaussian method and lapse rate tropopause, as defined by World Meteorological Organization, are compared in detail for different cases. Results indicate that the bi-Gaussian method possesses a lower missed detection rate and false detection rate than lapse rate tropopause, because it is not restricted by thresholds, even in the presence of multiple temperature inversion layers at higher elevations. Five-year (from 2012 to 2016) historical radiosondes in China revealed that the occurrence frequency and thickness of DT, as well as the single tropopause height, and the first and second DT height displayed significant meridional monotonic variations. The occurrence frequency (thickness) of DT increased from 2.93 % (2.61 km) to 72.45 % (6.84 km) in the latitude range [16° N, 50° N]. At mid-latitudes [30° N, 40° N], the meridional gradients of tropopause height were relatively large, essentially corresponding to the climatological location of the subtropical jet and Tibetan Plateau. The average DT thickness reported in this study is approximately 1–2 km thicker than that in previous studies, particularly in the mid-high latitudes [45° N, 50° N], which may be related to the different vertical resolution of temperature profiles provided by various data sources. DT structure occurs most frequently and has the largest meridional gradient in the mid-latitudes, formatted by a combination of poleward advection in the low-latitude upper troposphere and equatorward advection in the high-latitude lower stratosphere. In addition, although DT is thick in winter, the DT temperature difference is small, even the case of the first tropopause temperature is lower than the second tropopause temperature happens occasionally.
Interactions of fertilisation and crop productivity on soil nitrogen cycle microbiome and gas emissions
Authors: Kuusemets Laura , Mander Ülo , Escuer-Gatius Jordi , Astover Alar , Kauer Karin , Soosaar Kaido , Espenberg Mikk
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Fertilised soils are a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O), a highly active greenhouse gas and stratospheric ozone depleter. Nitrogen (N) fertilisers, while boosting crop yield, also lead to N2O into the atmosphere, impacting global warming. We investigated relationships between mineral N fertilisation rates and additional manure amendment with different crop types through the analysis of abundances of N cycle functional genes, soil N2O and N2 emissions, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), soil physicochemical analysis and biomass production. Our study indicates that N2O emissions are predominantly dependent on the mineral N fertilisation rate and enhance with increased mineral N fertilisation rate. Higher N2O emissions were attained with the application of manure. Manure amendment also increased the number of N cycle genes that are significant in the change of N2O. Contrary to our hypothesis, there was no significant influence of crop type on soil N2O emissions. The study indicated dominance of nitrification over denitrification in the soil. Microbial analyses also showed the potential role of comammox and DNRA processes as a source of N2O. Our study did not find soil moisture to be significantly linked to N2O emissions. Results of the study provide evidence that for wheat, a fertilisation rate of 80 kg N ha−1 is closest to the optimal rate for balancing biomass yield, N2O emissions, and achieving high NUE. Sorghum showed potential for cultivation in temperate climate, as sorghum maintained low N2O emissions and N losses on mineral N fertilisation rate of 80 kg N ha−1.
The Atmospheric Oxidizing Capacity in China: Part 2. Sensitivity to emissions of primary pollutants
Authors: Dai Jianing , Brasseur Guy P. , Vrekoussis Mihalis , Kanakidou Maria , Qu Kun , Zhang Yijuan , Zhang Hongliang , Wang Tao
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The Atmospheric Oxidation Capacity (AOC), often referred to as the self-cleansing ability of the atmosphere, considerably affects the concentrations of photochemical air pollutants. Despite substantial reductions in anthropogenic emissions of key chemical compounds in China, the mechanisms that determine the changes in the atmospheric oxidation capacity are still not sufficiently understood. Here, a regional chemical transport model is employed to quantify the sensitivity of air pollutants and photochemical parameters to specified emission reductions in China for conditions of January and July 2018 as representative. The model simulations show that, in winter, a 50 % decrease in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions leads to an 8–10 ppbv (15–20 %) increase in surface ozone concentrations across China. In summer, the ozone concentration decreases by 2–8 ppbv (3–12 %) in NOx-limited areas, while ozone increases by up to 12 ppbv (15 %) in volatile organic compounds (VOCs)-limited areas. This ozone increase is associated with a reduced NOx-titration effect and higher levels of hydroperoxyl (HO2) radical due to decreased aerosol uptake. With an additional 50 % reduction in anthropogenic VOCs emission, the predicted ozone concentration decreases by 5–12 ppbv (6–15 %) in the entire geographic area of China, with an exception in the areas, where the role of BVOCs is crucial to ozone formation. Further, the adopted reduction in NOx emission leads to an increase of AOC by 18 % in VOC-limited areas. This specific increase is associated with the combined effect of enhanced radical cycles associated with the photolysis of oxidized VOCs (OVOCs) and the oxidation of alkenes by hydroxyl (OH) radical and O3. A large reduction of daytime AOC in summer results from the reduction in anthropogenic VOCs emission, with a dominant contribution from the reaction of OH radical with reduced alkenes, followed by the reactions with depleted aromatics and OVOCs. This study highlights that photolysis of OVOCs and oxidation of alkenes in urban areas when NOx emission is reduced leads to an increase in O3. To mitigate ozone rises in urban areas, a joint reduction in the emission of NOx and specific VOCs species, including alkenes and aromatics and photodegradable OVOCs, should be implemented.
Ecohydrological responses to solar radiation changes
Authors: Wang Yiran , Meili Naika , Fatichi Simone
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The potential implementation of future geoengineering projects alters solar radiation to counteract global warming trends. These changes could have effects on ecohydrological systems with impacts which are still poorly quantified. Here, we compute how changes in solar radiation affect global and local near surface meteorological variables by using CMIP6 scenario results and we compute climate sensitivities to solar radiation. These sensitivities are used to construct two sets of numerical experiments: the first focuses on solar radiation changes only, and the second systematically modifies precipitation, air temperature, specific humidity, and wind speed using the CMIP6 derived sensitivities to radiation changes, i.e., including its climate feedback. We use those scenarios as input to a mechanistic ecohydrological model to quantify the responses of the energy and water budget as well as vegetation productivity spanning different biomes and climates. In the absence of climate feedback, changes in solar radiation tend to reflect mostly in sensible heat changes, with minor effects on the hydrological cycle and vegetation productivity correlates linearly with changes in solar radiation. When climate feedback is included, changes in latent heat and hydrological variables are much more pronounced, mostly because of the temperature and vapor pressure deficit changes associated with solar radiation changes. Vegetation productivity tends to have an asymmetric response with a considerable decrease in gross primary production to a radiation reduction not accompanied by a similar increase with a radiation increase. These results provide important insights on how ecosystems could respond to potential future solar geoengineering programs.
Exploring for the Future – precompetitive geoscience insight for resource discovery and development
Authors: Czarnota Karol , Team Exploring for the Future
Published: March 2024

The world is turning to the mining sector to resource the Net Zero transition and meet sustainable development goals. It is generally agreed that global inventories of critical minerals, strategic materials, natural hydrogen, and carbon sequestration sites are insufficient to meet forecast demand thereby necessitating new discovery and development. At the same time exploration success rates are declining across the world as resources become harder to discover and develop. These factors are compounded by the long average lead time from discovery to resource extraction, making the imperative to act now to ensure a sustainable resource pipeline. To reverse this worrying trend Australia has invested heavily into precompetitive geoscience aimed at characterising the geological, geochemical, and geophysical architecture of Australia from the surface to the mantle and across scales from which new insights into the spatiotemporal controls on resource distribution are emerging. Uptake of this information by Australia’s entrepreneurial exploration sector has led to the highest exploration success rate in the world. Here, we will review the value of precompetitive geoscience in Australia within a global context and showcase results arising from the Exploring for the Future program, Australia’s flagship investment in precompetitive geoscience of $225 m over the last eight years.  Specifically, we will highlight new insights into processes controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of sediment and crystalline basement-hosted mineral systems arising from assessments of the predictive power of new national datasets (e.g., passive seismic, magnetotelluric, airborne electromagnetic and isotopic maps). We will conclude with how these insights can be integrated across scale within a systems framework to test the resource potential of frontier region for metals as well as hydrogen and carbon capture and storage.
Methane dynamics in the Baltic Sea: investigating concentration, flux and isotopic composition patterns using the coupled physical-biogeochemical model BALTSEM-CH4 v1.0
Authors: Gustafsson Erik , Gustafsson Bo G. , Hermans Martijn , Humborg Christoph , Stranne Christian
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Methane (CH4) cycling in the Baltic Sea is studied through model simulations that incorporate the stable isotopes of CH4 (12C-CH4 and 13C-CH4) in a physical-biogeochemical model. A preliminary CH4 budget identifies benthic release as the dominant CH4 source, which is largely balanced by oxidation in the water column and to a smaller degree by outgassing. The contributions from land loads and net export to the North Sea are of marginal importance. Simulated total CH4 emissions from the Baltic Sea correspond to an average 0.04 g CH4 m−2 y−1, which can be compared to the calibrated sediment source of 0.3 g CH4 m−2 y−1. A major uncertainty is that spatial and temporal variations of the sediment source are not well known. Further, the coarse spatial resolution prevents the model to resolve shallow-water near-shore areas for which measurements indicate occurrences of considerably higher CH4 concentrations and emissions compared to the open Baltic Sea. Modeling of stable CH4 isotopes can help to constrain process rates; to our knowledge this is the first time that CH4 isotopes have been included in a physical-biogeochemical model. A large-scale approach is used in this study, but the parametrizations and parameters presented here could also be implemented in models of near-shore areas where CH4 concentrations and fluxes are typically substantially larger and more variable. Currently, it is not known how important local shallow-water CH4 hotspots are compared to the open water outgassing in the Baltic Sea.
Review of Gridded Climate Products and Their Use in Hydrological Analyses Reveals Overlaps, Gaps, and Need for More Objective Approach to Model Forcings
Authors: Mankin Kyle R. , Mehan Sushant , Green Timothy R. , Barnard David M.
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Climate forcing data accuracy drives performance of hydrologic models and analyses, yet each investigator needs to select from among the numerous gridded climate dataset options and justify their selection for use in a particular hydrologic model or analysis. This study aims to provide a comprehensive compilation and overview of gridded datasets (precipitation, air temperature, humidity, windspeed, solar radiation) and considerations for climate product selection criteria for hydrologic modelling and analyses. All datasets summarized here span at least the coterminous U.S. (CONUS), and many are continental or global in extent. Gridded datasets built on ground-based observations (17), satellite imagery (20), and/or reanalysis products (23) are compiled and described, with focus on the characteristics that hydrologic investigators may find useful in discerning acceptable datasets (variables, coverage, resolution, accessibility, latency). Best-available-science recommendations for dataset selection are based on a review of 28 recent studies (past 10 years) that compared performance of various gridded climate datasets for hydrologic analyses. No single best source of gridded climate data exists, but several common themes arose. Gridded daily temperature datasets improved when derived over regions with greater station density. Similarly, gridded daily precipitation data were more accurate when derived over regions with higher-density station data, when used in spatially less-complex terrain, and when corrected using ground-based data. In mountainous regions as well as humid regions, reanalysis-based datasets generally performed better than ground-based when underlying data had low station density, but for higher station densities, there was no difference. Ground-based precipitation datasets generally performed better than satellite- or reanalysis-based datasets, though better precipitation and temperature datasets did not always translate into better streamflow modelling. Hydrologic analyses would benefit from improved gridded datasets that retain dependencies among climate variables and better represent small-scale spatial variability of climate variables in complex topography.
“Estar Tranquilo”: Using a Life-course Approach to Explore Perceptions of Well-being among Older Adults in Curicó, Chile
Authors: Salazar-Norambuena Carola
Published: March 2024

This study assesses perceptions of well-being between two groups of older adults in Curicó, Chile. One group (n=12) were residents of a long-term care center (known as ELEAM), while another group (n=13) were members of two clubs for older adults – Estrellitas del Vaticano (Vatican’s Little Stars) and Club Campo Lindo (Beautiful Countryside) – who lived in their own homes. Data collection consisted of life-story narratives to explore differences in how older adults in different living situations – long-term residential care vs. independent living – define and perceive what it means to be well in older age. Both groups were paired according to the variables of age, educational level, socioeconomic status, and physical status. In this article, I explore how both groups expressed their desire to estar tranquilo or “be peaceful” in their older age; however, each group achieved this state in different ways. ELEAM residents focused on fostering good relationships with fellow residents and maintaining their autonomy. In contrast, club members focused on practicing their religion, maintaining family relationships, and engaging in activities. Although participants shared similar backgrounds and lived through the same historical events (i.e., military dictatorship), their current situations impacted their perceptions of well-being.  For individuals to achieve their desired level of well-bing or to estar tranquilo required that they adapt to different living arrangements: club members had to adapt to living without their children, and ELEAM residents to living in an institution.
“If you wish to see some great theatre…”
Authors: Rybina Polina
Published: March 2024

David Henry Hwang’s play M. Butterfly (1988), reworked by David Cronenberg into a film (1993), is well-known for its suspension of disbelief (which resulted in some rewriting for the 2017 Broadway revival). While the play and its film adaptation have been extensively discussed in terms of gender and race, performing femininity and masculinity, East and West (Chow, de Lauretis, Levin), I will look at the trope of theatricality in film (Bazin, Sontag, Knopf, Loiselle) and the effects of liminality that it mediates. M. Butterfly ascribes the “betwixt and between,” liminal quality to all complex issues of human existence, including art and politics. The essay illuminates four aspects of the liminal experience: its ability to blur spatial boundaries, to disorient temporarily, to intensify perceptions, and to transform the observers into participants (Turner, Schechner, Fischer-Lichte). M. Butterfly is the story of a French diplomat René Gallimard’s (Jeremy Irons) love for a Peking opera diva Song Liling—a spy and a man in disguise (John Lone). Hwang’s play elaborates on the spatio-temporal aspects of the liminal: the blurred boundaries between the past and the present, the inside and the outside, or the ego versus alter ego. The film places emphasis on the intensifying and transformational potential of the liminal space, relying upon intermedial effects of the theatre within a film. Theatricality flows over into the cinematic reality and creates—through intermedial contact—an alternative reality, self-conscious, disorienting, and hallucinatory. Condensing various liminality effects, the play and its adaptation foster liminal sensibilities in the audiences.
L’adaptation comme incorporation
Authors: Malcor Adrien
Published: March 2024

Avec Crimes of the Future en 2022, David Cronenberg revient à sa science-fiction : le film est basé sur un scénario original écrit par le cinéaste dans la foulée d’eXistenZ. Mais vingt ans avant sa sortie, ce film (intitulé Painkillers à l'époque) avait parfois été annoncé dans la presse comme une adaptation du « Manifeste de l’Art charnel » de l’artiste française ORLAN. On peut montrer que Cronenberg a bel et bien pris au sérieux les idées d’ORLAN sur l’« athéisme » de la performance chirurgicale (médicalement assistée), et qu’il leur a fait subir la pression de ses lectures philosophiques et de ses intérêts biologiques. Qu’est-ce que le « syndrome d’évolution accélérée » dont souffre l’artiste Saul Tenser ? Comment l’enfant Brecken digère-t-il le plastique ? L’humanité de Crimes of the Future semble à nouveau aux prises avec l’évolution darwinienne, mais le film raconte aussi bien l’affrontement des contre-hypothèses. L’adaptation de la théorie rencontre ici les théories de l’adaptation. Si Crimes of the Future est un film sur l’adaptation, c’est d’abord qu’il met en scène le débat Nietzsche versus Darwin à l’aune des problèmes artistiques et scientifiques contemporains.
أساليب التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية لرفع كفاءة المعلمات وتحسين نواتج التعلم لدى طالبات الصف الثامن الأساسي بمدرسة أصيلة بنت قيس البوسعيدية (5- 8)
Authors:   ماجستير مناهج وطرق تدريس العلوم، كلية التربية، جامعة السلطان قابوس/ وزارة التربية والتعليم، سلطنة عُمان, المخمرية شيخة
Published: March 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أساليب التغذية الراجعة الأكثر ممارسة من وجهة نظر المعلمات والطالبات، ومدى إلمام المعلمات بأهمية تطبيق التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية، كما هدفت إلى الكشف عن طرق رفع كفاءة المعلمات في تطبيقها، وأثر تفعيلها على نواتج تعلم الطالبات، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (31) طالبة، و(31) ولي أمر، بالإضافة إلى معلمات الصف الثامن البالغ عددهم (20) معلمة بمدرسة أصيلة بنت قيس البوسعيدية (5- 8) بمحافظة مسقط بسلطنة عمان. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم استخدام بعض الأدوات البحثية وهي الاختبار التحصيلي القبلي والبعدي، استبانة لقياس آراء الطالبات والمعلمات حول واقع التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية وأهميتها من وجهة نظرهم، وللإجابة عن أسئلة البحث ثم استخدام النسب المئوية لتحليل الاختبارين، والحسابية والانحرافات المعيارية لتحليل الاستبانتين. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج الآتية: جاءت أبعاد التغذية الراجعة حسب تقديرات العينة مرتبة تنازليًا كما يلي: التصحيحية والتفسيرية، التعزيزية، الإعلامية، تسهم التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية في دعم التوافق النفسي والدراسي للطلاب وتعزز قدراتهم ودافعيتهم، الزيارات التبادلية والتنمية المهنية الذاتية لها أكبر الأثر في رفع كفاءة المعلمات في تقديم التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية من وجهة نظر المعلمات وفريق التقويم الذاتي، وفي ضوء هذه النتائج توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من التوصيات من أهمها الاستمرار في نشر ثقافة التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية بين أفراد المجتمع المدرسي وتضمينها في برامج إعداد المعلمين وخطة الإنماء المهني، وتحديث البروتوكول الصحي للمدارس والتأكيد على أهمية متابعة المعلم لجميع الأعمال التحريرية للطلبة وتقديم التغذية الراجعة المناسبة.
International Forced Migration and Employment Relations: The Case of Syrians in Turkey
Authors: Uludağ Güler Çiğdem , Bükey Abdullah Miraç
Published: March 2024

Due to the political unrest following the civil war in 2011, several million Syrians had to flee from their own country to save their lives. This form of migration is called as forced migration given rise to reasons such as environmental disasters, climate change, civil conflict, and war. The mass migration movement of Syrians, first within the country and then towards neighboring countries, brought along many socio-economic problems. One of the most affected countries has been forced migration from Turkey to the Syrian hosts, including about 5 million registered and unregistered. Although it has been 9 years since the process, which was initially established through temporariness, a solution could not be found and the dream of returning Syrians has weakened day by day. This study aims to reveal how the Syrians, who are included in the labor market in an unplanned way, affect the Turkish labor market. Dynamic Panel data analysis was carried out using the data of 26 regions of Turkey. As a result, a 1% increase in the immigrant rate, which represents the share of Syrian immigrants in the region’s population, increases the employment rate by approximately 0.02%.
Almanya’nın İslam Politikası: Alman İslam Konferansına Dair Bir İnceleme
Authors: Altıntaş Ömer Faruk
Published: March 2024

Almanya’da önemli oranda Müslüman nüfus yaşamakta ve sayıları da yıllar geçtikçe artmaktadır. Söz konusu Müslümanların çoğunluğunu 1961 yılında imzalanan iş gücü antlaşması çerçevesinde Türkiye’den Almanya’ya çalışmaya gidenler ve onların nesilleri oluşturmaktadır. Son on yılda buna Suriye iç savaşı neticesinde Almanya’ya göç eden kalabalık bir nüfus eklenmiştir. Almanya’daki Müslümanlar geçen altmış yıl içerisinde din, kültür ve kimliklerini muhafaza etmek için kurumsallaşmış ve toplumda görünürlük ve etkinlikleri artmıştır. Özellikle 2000’li yıllardan itibaren küresel düzeyde İslam ve Müslümanlar bağlamında yaşanan gelişmeler sonrasında Almanya da ülkede yaşayan Müslüman nüfus ile ilgili politikalar geliştirmeye başlamıştır. Önceleri göçmenler ya da yabancıların ülkeye uyumu ile başlayan tartışmalar, sonraları entegrasyon, asimilasyon, ekstremizmle mücadele, radikalleşmenin önlenmesi gibi öncelikle olumsuz çağrışımları olan başlıklar ile devam etmiştir. Bu konular esasen Almanya’da İslam politikasının da öncelikli gündemidir. Makalede Almanya İslam Politikası, bunun kurumsal yansıması olan Alman İslam Konferansı üzerinden değerlendirilmekte; ele alınan konular, yaptırılan araştırmalar, tavsiyeler, ortaya çıkan uygulama ve projeler incelenmekte bunların genel olarak Almanya’daki Müslümanlar özelde de Türk diasporası üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde durulmaktadır.
PENTINGNYA PROGRAM KECAKAPAN HIDUP (LIFE SKILLS) UNTUK PARA SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Alquriyah Yusroh , Ahmadi Ahmadi
Published: March 2024

Pendidikan didefinisikan sebagai kegiatan manusia yang bertujuan untukmemelihara kelangsungan hidup sebagai individu dan sebagai anggotamasyarakat berupa pewarisan pengetahuan, nilai, budaya, dan keterampilan darigenerasi ke generasi dalam rangka mempertahankan jati diri bangsa(peradaban). Agar peserta didik dapat menjalankan fungsinya sebagai manusiapembelajar sejati, diperlukan dukungan dari berbagai pihak seperti: lingkungan,masyarakat, pemerintah dan yang terpenting keluarga terutama orang tua.Pesantren merupakan salah satu rahim yang menginspirasi para pejuang yangbertanggung jawab penuh atas diri sendiri, tugas dan lingkungannya serta yangbertanggung jawab atas kelahiran dan membesarkan Indonesia baik secaravertikal maupun horizontal. Medan perang saat ini adalah berbagai permasalahanyang dihadapi masyarakat baik internal maupun eksternal. Pesantren merupakanmodal dan modul kehidupan sebagai solusi dari berbagai permasalahan yangdihadapi santri sebagai life skill. Semua warga negara harus menguasaikecakapan hidup untuk menghadapi tantangan perubahan hidup yang melibatkanberbagai kompetensi intens untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Dengankeunikannya, pesantren memiliki sejuta kesempatan untuk menempa santridengan berbagai keterampilan yang diwajibkan secara hukum denganmempelajari pembentukan karakter, berpikir kritis, bersosialisasi, dan jugamenginternalisasi keterampilan melalui metode pembiasaan.
Measurement invairance and construct validity of the Turkish version of the learner autonomy scale in a sample of high and secondary school students
Authors: Deniz Emrullah , Kazu Hilal
Published: March 2024

The goal of this research is to adapt the 24-item "Learner Autonomy Scale" developed by Sereti and Giossos (2018) in higher education samples into Turkish by examining the psychometric properties of high school and secondary school samples, and to determine whether these groups are equivalent in terms of measurement invariance. The scale was applied in high school (n = 475) and secondary school (n = 395) samples consisting of 870 students. Different from the original four-factor scale form, EFA applied to both groups revealed a two-factor (factor load range: .308-.775) and 21-item. Correlation values (r = .209-.392, p˂.001) indicate that the factors are not strongly related. The factors produced adequate internal consistency coefficients (α = .706-.866; ω = .708-.871) and were validated by meeting the fit indices accepted in the literature for CFA. Measurement invariance tests revealed strong invariance for the structural and metric tests and partial invariance for the scalar test in high school and secondary school samples. More research is needed to determine why the intersections of items 19, 20, and 21 are not invariant. The main contribution to "learner autonomy" in this study is the adaptation and justification of a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining autonomy in the adolescent age group. The use of the adapted scale in different educational environments and in the examination of "autonomy" by adapting it specific to the field (science, mathematics, etc.) will provide important implications for further theoretical studies.
Analysis of the Impact of Domestic Debt on the Nigerian Economy: 1980-2021
Authors: A. B. El-Yaqub , M. Ibrahim , M. Sule
Published: March 2024

The study investigates the impact of domestic debt on the Nigerian economy from 1980 to 2021 to ascertain, among other things, the relative significance and impact of domestic debt on Nigeria's GDP growth. The study uses quantitative research with a secondary focus on CBN data. The Debt Management Office and Central Bank of Nigeria provided information on the stock of domestic debt, GDP, interest on domestic debt, and capital spending for Nigeria between 1980 and 2020. The gathered data were subjected to a linear regression model, and the model's effectiveness was evaluated using the E-view statistical program. The Unit Root Test and Ordinary Least Square Method were the techniques utilised in this study to assist in explaining the variation and other explanatory variables. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL)-Bound Test is used in the study to investigate and analyse cointegration. According to the findings, Nigeria's economy is negatively impacted by domestic wagers, interest rates on domestic debt and capital expenditures, budget deficits, and private-sector lending. The study suggests good domestic debt management and suitable debt-servicing strategies for the efficient expansion of the economy in light of this finding.
Barriers to the Participation of Persons with Disabilities in Rural Local Governance: The Case of Bikita District, Zimbabwe
Authors: L. D. Zenzo , Z. Shamiso
Published: March 2024

The paper was qualitative and inductive through the interpretivist’s paradigm. It sought to access the barriers to the participation of persons with disabilities (PwDs) in Bikita’s local governance in Zimbabwe. Data collection was through key informant interviews (KIIs), focus group discussions (FDGs) and observations. The KIIs targeted the chiefs, headman, councillors, state actors and Zimbabwe’s Association for the Visually Handicapped whereas the FDGs included the disabled and the non-disabled. The sampling was purposive. The human rights-based approach as espoused in the critical disability theory framed the empirical. The paper unearthed that Bikita Rural District Council structures were not disability inclusive. PwDs were marginalised in local governance/development processes. This led to higher incidences of abject poverty. The paper charged that the lack of inclusivity is in itself discriminatory. It argued that the drive towards inclusivity should include inter alia disability-mainstreaming, provision of disability-accessible information and disability awareness campaigns.