bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tingkat pemahaman siswa kelas V terhadap pembelajaran permainan net menggunakan media video di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Listyarini A Erlina , Ali Jaka Sayidina
Published: May 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman siswa kelas V terhadap pembelajaran permainan net menggunakan media video di SD Negeri se-Dabin I Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode pendekatan survei. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V di SD Negeri se-Dabin I Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo dengan jumlah 70 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes pilihan ganda. Hasil uji coba validitas instrumen menunjukan 30 butir soal dinyatakan valid. Uji reliabilitas instrumen menggunakan rumus Alpha Cronbach’s sebesar 0,872. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman siswa kelas V terhadap pembelajaran permainan net menggunakan media video di SD Negeri se-Dabin I Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo dengan kategori sangat tinggi dengan frekuensi 19 siswa (27,14%), tinggi dengan frekuensi 17 siswa (24,23%), sedang dengan frekuensi 22 siswa (31,43%), rendah dengan frekuensi 10 siswa (14,30%), dan sangat rendah dengan frekuensi 2 siswa (2,90%). Abstract: This research aims to determine the level of comprehension of the fifth grade students on the learning net games using video media in the elementary schools located in Cluster 1, Ngombol District, Purworejo Regency.This research was a descriptive quantitative study with a survey approach method. The research population was all fifth grade students in the elementary schools located in Cluster 1 Ngombol District, Purworejo Regency with a total of 70 students. The research instrument was a multiple choice test. The results of the test of the validity of the instrument showed that 30 items were declared valid. The instrument reliability test used Cronbach's Alpha formula of 0.872. The data analysis technique used the percentage analysis.The results show that the level of comprehension of fifth grade students towards the learning net games using video media in elementary schools located in Cluster 1, Ngombol District, Purworejo Regency is as follows:  in the very high level with a frequency of 19 students (27.14%), in the high level with a frequency of 17 students (24.23%), in the medium level with a frequency of 22 students (31.43%), in the low level with a frequency of 10 students (14.30%), and in the very low level with a frequency of 2 students (2.90%).
Political Activism in the Linguistic Landscape
Authors: Seargeant Philip
Published: May 2023

This graphic novel looks at political activism in the public landscape with a particular focus on the UK activist group Led by Donkeys. The book is both an innovative approach to the presentation of academic research, and an exploration of how political activism can use the linguistic landscape as a resource for communicating its message.
Fyodor Lukich Pereverzev in Opposition to the Drinking Reforms in Russia (late 1850s – early 1860s)
Authors: Goryushkina N. E.
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The article is devoted to the director of the Department of Various taxes and Fees of the Ministry of Finance of Russia in the late 1850s - early 1860s, Fyodor Lukich Pereverzev, who was opposed to the planned wine reform. The plot of the article was not covered in the scientific literature, but it is essential to create a complete picture of the excise transformation.

The purpose of the article is to recreate the image of a high official of the finance Ministry, who prevented the transition from tax payments to the excise system of levying a tax on drinking.

Objectives: to give a description of Pereverzev's official activity; to establish the circumstances that determined his position regarding drinking; to describe the essence of classes in the Special Committee for the Development of Wine Reform.

Methodology. The principles of scientific objectivity and historical anthropologism became the basis for the study of the stated topic. In addition, a personal biographical method was used, which allowed through acquaintance with the biography of Pereverzev to explain his position on the wine reform.

Results. Pereverzev's career path was long, he proved himself both in the military and in the civilian field. The peak of his official career was the post of director of the Department of Various Taxes and Fees. In this position, Fyodor Lukich was included in the Special Committee for the Development of Wine Reform. His work was fruitless, the reform plan was not prepared.

Conclusion. Pereverzev was in opposition to the drinking transformation, since he considered the payoff a proven way of collecting a fee from drinking, and the excise tax a system that requires a long check. He was a staunch follower of E.F. Kankrin and believed that the excise system was good for the West, but not suitable for Russia.
Higher Educational Institutions of the Musical Profile in the Volga Region in the Second half of the 1930s – 1950s: Problems of Personnel Support
Authors: Suetin I. N.
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The state policy of most countries of the world is aimed at increasing the qualitative level and competitiveness of domestic education systems, the development of individual industries in the field of education. Positive changes in this area can help studying the historical experience of building national education models, the use of domestic educational traditions of the past in modern practice.

The purpose of the study is to cover and popularize approaches to ensure the staff of the superior musical and educational institutions in the Volga region in the second half of the 1930s-the 1950s.

The objectives of the study: to study factual material reflecting the ways of solving personnel problems in domestic conservatories in the second half of the 1930s – 1950s; identify the degree of effectiveness of this activity.

Methodology. In the course of the study, the following sources were used: scientific articles, dissertations, collections of documents, archive materials. The methodological basis of the work was the principles of objectivity and comprehensiveness, as well as a number of scientific methods: system analysis, historical, typological, historical and comprehensive.

Results. As a result of this study, approaches to the personnel support of the musical higher educational institutions of the Volga region in the second half of the 1930s-1950s were specified.

Conclusion. The study showed that in the conditions of modernization development of the second half of the 1930s and 1950s, due to migration processes, the problem of personnel recruitment of musical universities (conservatives) was effectively solved in the Volga region. The decisive role in this issue belonged to the state system of distribution of specialists. Capital musicians (Moscow, Leningrad, etc.), evacuated to the region during the Great Patriotic War, played key importance for replenishing and strengthening the states of the Volga conservatory. Thanks to the shots involved during this period, musical and cultural traditions were formed, pedagogical and performing regional schools were created, several generations of professional musicians were brought up.
Consistency of the Actual Prerequisites for the Movement of Law as a New Direction in the Development of the Theory of Legal Facts
Authors: Bakirova D. M.
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The theory of legal facts, despite the rather long period of its formation and subsequent development, is currently not fully developed and requires constant attention from representatives of both the general theory of law and individual legal branches. Recently, the idea of the possibility of constructing various sets of legal facts based on a systematic approach has appeared and attracts increasing attention, which can have a positive impact on the process of forming a system of law. The concept of “large actual system” was introduced, but up to the present time it remains in the state of a general idea (concept).

The purpose is to substantiate the system of views regarding the consistency of the actual prerequisites as a promising direction in the development of the theory of legal facts.

Objectives are to approach; identify the goals of the formation of large actual systems; identify similarities and differences between actual compositions and actual systems as varieties of actual associations; substantiate the need for further development of the property of the systematic nature of legal facts.

Methodology. The study was conducted using the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, as well as methods of analysis, comparison, formal logical methods.

Results. The results of the study are essential in relation to the further development and improvement of the theory of legal facts as a system of ideas regarding the actual basis of legal regulation.

Conclusion. The actual compositions and systems are formed using the principles of the systems approach. The difference between them lies in the difference in their functional purpose. The development of the system property of factual prerequisites is a promising direction in the development of the theory of legal facts.
Criteria for the Effective Application of Competitive Procedures to Meet State and Municipal Needs
Authors: Den De Un
Published: May 2023

Relevance. When concluding contracts with state and municipal customers, it is mandatory to carry out formalized procedures aimed at determining the counterparty. Low efficiency of trade and non-trade procurement methods entails irrational expenditure of budget funds and other valuable resources.

The purpose of this work is to propose criteria for the effective use of competitive procedures aimed at meeting state and municipal needs.

Objectives: on the basis of empirical material to determine the conditions under which the maximum efficiency of competitive methods of determining a supplier for state and municipal needs is achieved.

Methodology: general scientific methods of analysis and induction, observation and forecasting were used in the work.

The results. The article assesses the effectiveness of the current model of the contract system in the field of procurement of goods, works and services for state and municipal needs. The study evaluates the importance of such indicators as the price and quality of goods (work or services), their prevalence, the level of competition in the relevant economic sphere and region, the costs of conducting a competitive procedure.

The statistical data of the Federal Tax Service on the number of registered business entities in various federal districts are presented, which allow us to come to the conclusion that there is a need for a differentiated approach to conducting competitive procedures, taking into account the indicator characterizing the number of business entities and competition in the region.

It is noted that when determining the effectiveness of the use of tenders and auctions, it is necessary to take into account the associated economic and organizational costs.

Conclusion. Bidding, being one of the types of competitive procedures, has a specific range of its application. The author formulates and substantiates the conclusion that the criteria for the effective application of competitive procedures to meet state and municipal needs include: upper and lower price limits; socio-economic situation in the region of the conclusion and execution of the contract; the scope of business activity of the counterparty.
Scientific Views of Russian Civilists of the Late XIX – Early XX Century on the Conclusion of Contracts Using the Telephone and Telegraph
Authors: Trofimov A. A.
Published: May 2023

Relevance. At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, Russia was undergoing a transition to the third technological order based on the use of electricity, which led to the use of the telephone and telegraph for the conclusion of civil law contracts. The use of technical means for the remote (remote) conclusion of contracts in civil circulation required a scientific understanding of the theoretical and practical problems arising in connection with this. Currently, the world is undergoing a transition to a new technological order based on the digitalization of social relations. Contracts are concluded remotely through the use of the digital environment, which requires a doctrinal understanding of the issues of using digital means of communication in civil law relations. Scientific concepts about the remote conclusion of contracts using technical means, formulated by Russian pre-revolutionary civilists, can be used in the science of civil law at the present time. Their application is possible for the development of theoretical provisions regarding the conclusion of contracts using digital communication tools.

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive review of the scientific views of Russian civilists of the late XIX - early XX century on the conclusion of contracts using the telephone and telegraph.

Objectives: analysis of scientific concepts on the genesis of the development of theoretical ideas about the conclusion of civil law contracts using telephone and telegraph in the works of pre-revolutionary Russian civilists: on the legal nature of actions when concluding contracts using telephone and telegraph; about the features of the conclusion, content, subject composition, form of contracts concluded using the telephone and telegraph; on solving the problems of legal liability associated with telegraph errors in pre-revolutionary civil law.

Methodology. In the process of working on the study, methods of synthesis, analysis, induction, deduction, historical and legal, comparative legal, and logical were used.

 Results. In the course of the study, the scientific views of Russian pre-revolutionary civilists of the late XIX - early XX centuries on the problem of concluding contracts using the telephone and telegraph were revealed.

Conclusin. The issue of concluding contracts using the telephone and telegraph in the late 19th - early 20th century was debatable and was the subject of a comprehensive study in Russian pre-revolutionary civil law.
On Compensation for Moral Damage in Cases of Protection of Honor, Dignity and Business Reputation: Theoretical and Law Enforcement Aspects
Authors: Sheluhin K. Y. , Surkov A. N. , Кorotkih O. A.
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The article examines the problem of compensation for moral damage as one of the ways to protect honor, dignity and business reputation in accordance with Art. 151 «Compensation for moral damage» of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Doctrinal approaches to the concept of moral damage and other categories of this institute have been studied, an assessment of the trends in law enforcement practice for resolving such disputes is given. The work reflected new explanations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in cases of recovery of compensation for moral damage, as well as the legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, which recognized Article 151 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation as unconstitutional in part.

The purpose of the study is to deepen scientific knowledge of moral harm as a way to protect honor, dignity and business reputation and to develop theoretical and legislative proposals aimed at the uniform application of compensation for moral damage in such cases.

Objectives: to analyze reviews of judicial practice, decisions on claims for recovery of moral damage, legal positions of the Constitutional and Supreme Courts of the Russian Federation and to identify gaps in the methods of protection of these intangible benefits of a citizen.

The methodology was compiled by general scientific (deductions, induction, analysis and synthesis) and private scientific methods (formal-legal, logical, analysis of judicial practice, system-analytical) in their various combination.

The results contain original proposals of a theoretical, applied and legislative nature, contributing to the effectiveness of the institution of moral damage as a way of compensation for unlawful actions against the honor, dignity and business reputation of a citizen.

Conclusion. The author's position is formulated on the inexpediency of the principle of "presumption of moral damage" and the need to modernize the version of Art. Art. 151 and 1099 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in terms of excluding restrictions on the collection of moral damage caused to a person in relation to property damage. It is stated that there is judicial discretion in determining the amount of compensation for non-pecuniary damage, the limitation of which is possible taking into account the criteria outlined in the new resolution № 33.
Prediction of Chronic Stress and Protective Factors in Adults: Development of an Interpretable Prediction Model Based on XGBoost and SHAP Using National Cross-sectional DEGS1 Data
Authors: Bozorgmehr Arezoo , Weltermann Birgitta
Published: May 2023

Background

Chronic stress is highly prevalent in the German population. It has known adverse effects on mental health, such as burnout and depression. Known long-term effects of chronic stress are cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.

Objective

This study aims to derive an interpretable multiclass machine learning model for predicting chronic stress levels and factors protecting against chronic stress based on representative nationwide data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults, which is part of the national health monitoring program.

Methods

A data set from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults study including demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 5801 participants was analyzed. A multiclass eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was constructed to classify participants into 3 categories including low, middle, and high chronic stress levels. The model’s performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, precision, recall, specificity, and the F1-score. Additionally, SHapley Additive exPlanations was used to interpret the prediction XGBoost model and to identify factors protecting against chronic stress.

Results

The multiclass XGBoost model exhibited the macroaverage scores, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 81%, precision of 63%, recall of 52%, specificity of 78%, and F1-score of 54%. The most important features for low-level chronic stress were male gender, very good general health, high satisfaction with living space, and strong social support.

Conclusions

This study presents a multiclass interpretable prediction model for chronic stress in adults in Germany. The explainable artificial intelligence technique SHapley Additive exPlanations identified relevant protective factors for chronic stress, which need to be considered when developing interventions to reduce chronic stress.
Adapting Transportation Planning e-Tools to Older Adults’ Needs: Scoping Review
Authors: Tahir Sahar , Abdulrazak Bessam , Baillargeon Dany , Girard Catherine , Provencher Véronique
Published: May 2023

Background

Aging is often accompanied by a decrease in physical and sensory capacities and financial resources, which makes travel and the use of public transport a big challenge for older adults. These mobility limitations may prevent them from going out for groceries, medical appointments, or entertainment, which increases the risk of social isolation. A key element in helping older adults to maintain healthy aging and social engagement is to foster autonomy, freedom, and active mobility. A transportation planning e-tool can provide older adults with information about transport and trip options. There are many transportation planning e-tools, but little is known about whether and how their characteristics and functionalities address older adults’ needs and preferences.

Objective

This study aims to map existing transportation e-tools and identify gaps to be filled in order to match their functionalities with older adults’ needs and preferences.

Methods

A scoping review of existing transportation planning e-tools was conducted based on the approach developed by Arksey and O’Malley. A search in the scientific literature (Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SocINDEX, and ERIC) as well as gray literature (TRID Database, Google Scholar, Proquest, Google Play, etc) was conducted in June 2020 and updated 3 times; in September 2021, December 2021, and May 2022. After the studies were selected, a comparative analysis was performed by 2 evaluators; an occupational therapy student and a computer science student. These e-tools were analyzed with respect to some characteristics (eg, tool’s development status, target customers, and geographic coverage) as well as 10 functionalities (time autonomy, walkability, crowd avoidance, incline avoidance, weather consideration, dark avoidance, winter obstacles avoidance, amenities inclusion, taxi driver’s information, and support affordance) that we defined based on older adults’ needs and preferences (mainly Canadians). These needs were identified from a literature review and confirmed by workshops (focus groups).

Results

The scientific and gray literature search yielded 463 sources, and 42 transportation e-tools were included. None of the e-tools reviewed addresses all 10 functionalities. More specifically, functionalities such as dark avoidance and support affordance were not addressed by any of the included e-tools.

Conclusions

Most of the e-tools currently available to plan trips do not address older adults’ needs and preferences. The results of this scoping review helped fill this gap by identifying functionalities to include in transportation planning e-tools designed to promote active aging. The findings of this study highlight the need to use a multicriteria optimization algorithm to address older adults’ mobility needs and preferences.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/33894
The Usability of a Touchpad Active Video Game Controller for Individuals With Impaired Mobility: Observational Study
Authors: Mendonca Christen J , Malone Laurie A , Mohanraj Sangeetha , Thirumalai Mohanraj
Published: May 2023

Background

Video games are a popular sedentary activity among people with impaired mobility; however, active video game hardware typically lacks accessibility and customization options for individuals with mobility impairments. A touchpad video game system can elicit moderate physical activity in healthy adults; however, it is unclear if this system is usable by adults with impaired mobility.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to assess the usability of a touchpad video game controller system adapted for adults with impaired mobility. Additional outcomes explored were enjoyment, perceived exertion, self-efficacy, participant feedback, and researcher observations of gameplay.

Methods

Participants played several video game titles for 20 minutes with a touchpad video game controller as they stood or sat in a chair or their wheelchair. Usability was assessed with the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (Health-ITUES) surveys after gameplay. After each video game, participants reported enjoyment using a visual analog scale (0 to 100 mm) and a rating of perceived exertion using the OMNI 0 to 10 scale. Self-efficacy was measured before and after gameplay. Participants provided feedback at the end of their session.

Results

In total, 21 adults (6 females and 15 males) with a mean age of 48.8 (SD 13.8) years with various mobility impairments participated in this study. The touchpads received mean usability scores on the SUS 80.1 (SD 18.5) and Health-ITUES 4.23 (SD 0.67).

Conclusions

The SUS scores reported suggest the touchpad system is “usable”; however, the Health-ITUES scores were slightly below a suggested benchmark. Participants reported moderate to high enjoyment but perceived the exertion as “somewhat easy.” Self-efficacy was moderate to high and did not differ pre- to postgame play. The participants regarded the touchpads as novel, fun, and entertaining. The generalizability of our results is limited due to the heterogenous sample; however, our participants identified several areas of improvement for future iteration.
Seesaw Effect Between COVID-19 and Influenza From 2020 to 2023 in World Health Organization Regions: Correlation Analysis
Authors: Wang Qing , Jia Mengmeng , Jiang Mingyue , Liu Wei , Yang Jin , Dai Peixi , Sun Yanxia , Qian Jie , Yang Weizhong , Feng Luzhao
Published: May 2023

Background

Seasonal influenza activity showed a sharp decline in activity at the beginning of the emergence of COVID-19. Whether there is an epidemiological correlation between the dynamic of these 2 respiratory infectious diseases and their future trends needs to be explored.

Objective

We aimed to assess the correlation between COVID-19 and influenza activity and estimate later epidemiological trends.

Methods

We retrospectively described the dynamics of COVID-19 and influenza in 6 World Health Organization (WHO) regions from January 2020 to March 2023 and used the long short-term memory machine learning model to learn potential patterns in previously observed activity and predict trends for the following 16 weeks. Finally, we used Spearman correlation coefficients to assess the past and future epidemiological correlation between these 2 respiratory infectious diseases.

Results

With the emergence of the original strain of SARS-CoV-2 and other variants, influenza activity stayed below 10% for more than 1 year in the 6 WHO regions. Subsequently, it gradually rose as Delta activity dropped, but still peaked below Delta. During the Omicron pandemic and the following period, the activity of each disease increased as the other decreased, alternating in dominance more than once, with each alternation lasting for 3 to 4 months. Correlation analysis showed that COVID-19 and influenza activity presented a predominantly negative correlation, with coefficients above –0.3 in WHO regions, especially during the Omicron pandemic and the following estimated period. The diseases had a transient positive correlation in the European region of the WHO and the Western Pacific region of the WHO when multiple dominant strains created a mixed pandemic.

Conclusions

Influenza activity and past seasonal epidemiological patterns were shaken by the COVID-19 pandemic. The activity of these diseases was moderately or greater than moderately inversely correlated, and they suppressed and competed with each other, showing a seesaw effect. In the postpandemic era, this seesaw trend may be more prominent, suggesting the possibility of using one disease as an early warning signal for the other when making future estimates and conducting optimized annual vaccine campaigns.
Prediction of Chronic Stress and Protective Factors in Adults: Development of an Interpretable Prediction Model Based on XGBoost and SHAP Using National Cross-sectional DEGS1 Data (Preprint)
Authors: Bozorgmehr Arezoo , Weltermann Birgitta
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Chronic stress is highly prevalent in the German population. It has known adverse effects on mental health, such as burnout and depression. Known long-term effects of chronic stress are cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to derive an interpretable multiclass machine learning model for predicting chronic stress levels and factors protecting against chronic stress based on representative nationwide data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults, which is part of the national health monitoring program.

METHODS

A data set from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults study including demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 5801 participants was analyzed. A multiclass eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model was constructed to classify participants into 3 categories including low, middle, and high chronic stress levels. The model’s performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, precision, recall, specificity, and the F1-score. Additionally, SHapley Additive exPlanations was used to interpret the prediction XGBoost model and to identify factors protecting against chronic stress.

RESULTS

The multiclass XGBoost model exhibited the macroaverage scores, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 81%, precision of 63%, recall of 52%, specificity of 78%, and F1-score of 54%. The most important features for low-level chronic stress were male gender, very good general health, high satisfaction with living space, and strong social support.

CONCLUSIONS

This study presents a multiclass interpretable prediction model for chronic stress in adults in Germany. The explainable artificial intelligence technique SHapley Additive exPlanations identified relevant protective factors for chronic stress, which need to be considered when developing interventions to reduce chronic stress.
CT and Guidelines based Human-machine Fusion Model for predicting resectability of the Pancreatic Cancer (Preprint)
Authors: Gao Yi , yimamu adilijiang , Li Jun , Zhang Haojie , Liang Lidu , Lei Feng , Wang Yi , Zhou Chenjie , Li Shulong
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Accurate preoperative prediction of the Pancreatic Cancer resectability is an important work.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a hybrid Machine Learning model for predicting resectability of the Pancreatic Cancer which based on CT and NCCN Guidelines.

METHODS

We retrospectively studied 349 patients. 171 cases from Center 1 and 92 cases from Center 2 were used as the primary training cohort, 66 cases from Center 3 and 20 cases from Center 4 were used as the independent test dataset.
Semi-automatic module of ITK-SNAP software was used to assist CT image segmentation to obtain 2D layer by layer tumor ROI, which was then stacked into 3D ROI. 788 3D artificial features were extracted using Pyradiomics, through T-test, LASSO, SVM-SFS filtered the features, then connected to the SVM to construct the cRad model. 3D ROI was used to unify the resolution by 3D spline interpolation method, and the 3D tumor image tensor was constructed (interpolated 3D ROI was placed in the center, and zero was filled around). Using 3D tumor image tensor as input, KSTM and ResNet models were constructed. cRad, KSTM and ResNet are fused into a Multi-classifier Fusion ML model based on CFS-ER. Two experts with more than 10 years of clinical experience were invited to reevaluate each patient based on their CECT following the NCCN Guidelines to obtain resectable, unresectable, and border line resectable diagnoses. The three results were converted into probability values of 0.25 ，0.75 and 0.50 according to the traditional empirical method. Then it is used as an independent classifier and integrated with Multi-classifier Fusion ML model to obtain a Human-machine Fusion ML(HMfML) model.

RESULTS

Multi-classifier Fusion ML model`s AUC:0.8610, ACC:80.23% SEN:78.95%, SPE:80.60%, which is better than cRad, KSTM, and ResNet based single classifier models and their two classifier fusion models. Meaning that three different models have mined complementary CECT feature expression from different perspectives, and can be integrated through CFS-ER, so that the fusion model has better performance. HMfML`s AUC:0.8845, ACC:82.56%, SEN:84.21%, SPE:82.09%. Meaning that ML models might learning extra information from CECT that experts cannot distinguish, thus complementing expert experience and improving the performance of hybrid ML models.

CONCLUSIONS

Our HMfML can predict PC resectability with high accuracy.

CLINICALTRIAL

not applicable
Drug Repurposing for Cancers With Limited Survival: Protocol for a Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rodríguez-Molinero Alejandro , Pérez-López Carlos , Salazar González Jose L , Garcia-Lerma Esther , Álvarez-García Juan A , Soria Morillo Luis M , Salas Fernández Tomás
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Only 5% of the molecules tested in oncology phase 1 trials reach the market after an average of 7.5 years of waiting and at a cost of tens of millions of dollars. To reduce the cost and shorten the time of discovery of new treatments, “drug repurposing” (research with molecules already approved for another indication) and the use of secondary data (not collected for the purpose of research) have been proposed. Due to advances in informatics in clinical care, secondary data can, in some cases, be of equal quality to primary data generated through prospective studies.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to identify drugs currently marketed for other indications that may have an effect on the prognosis of patients with cancer.

METHODS

We plan to monitor a cohort of patients with high-lethality cancers treated in the public health system of Catalonia between 2006 and 2012, retrospectively, for survival for 5 years after diagnosis or until death. A control cohort, comprising people without cancer, will also be retrospectively monitored for 5 years. The following study variables will be extracted from different population databases: type of cancer (patients with cancer cohort), date and cause of death, pharmacological treatment, sex, age, and place of residence. During the first stage of statistical analysis of the patients with cancer cohort, the drugs consumed by the long-term survivors (alive at 5 years) will be compared with those consumed by nonsurvivors. In the second stage, the survival associated with the consumption of each relevant drug will be analyzed. For the analyses, groups will be matched for potentially confounding variables, and multivariate analyses will be performed to adjust for residual confounding variables if necessary. The control cohort will be used to verify whether the associations found are exclusive to patients with cancer or whether they also occur in patients without cancer.

RESULTS

We anticipate discovering multiple significant associations between commonly used drugs and the survival outcomes of patients with cancer. We expect to publish the initial results in the first half of 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This retrospective study may identify several commonly used drugs as candidates for repurposing in the treatment of various cancers. All analyses are considered exploratory; therefore, the results will have to be confirmed in subsequent clinical trials. However, the results of this study may accelerate drug discovery in oncology.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/48925
Self-Guided Mental Health Apps Targeting Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Saad Fiby , Eisenstadt Mia , Liverpool Shaun , Carlsson Courtney , Vainieri Isabella
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

The use of mental health apps (MHAs) is increasing rapidly. However, little is known about the use of MHAs by racial and ethnic minority groups.

OBJECTIVE

In this review, we aimed to examine the acceptability and effectiveness of MHAs among racial and ethnic minority groups, describe the purposes of using MHAs, identify the barriers to MHA use in racial and ethnic minority groups, and identify the gaps in the literature.

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted on August 25, 2023, using Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, PsycExtra, and MEDLINE. Articles were quality appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and data were extracted and summarized to form a narrative synthesis.

RESULTS

A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were primarily conducted in the United States, and the MHAs designed for racial and ethnic minority groups included ¡Aptívate!, iBobbly, AIMhi- Y, BRAVE, Build Your Own Theme Song, Mindful You, Sanadak, and 12 more MHAs used in 1 study. The MHAs were predominantly informed by cognitive behavioral therapy and focused on reducing depressive symptoms. MHAs were considered acceptable for racial and ethnic minority groups; however, engagement rates dropped over time. Only 2 studies quantitatively reported the effectiveness of MHAs among racial and ethnic minority groups. Barriers to use included the repetitiveness of the MHAs, stigma, lack of personalization, and technical issues.

CONCLUSIONS

Considering the growing interest in MHAs, the available evidence for MHAs for racial and ethnic minority groups appears limited. Although the acceptability seems consistent, more research is needed to support the effectiveness of MHAs. Future research should also prioritize studies to explore the specific needs of racial and ethnic minority groups if MHAs are to be successfully adopted.
Effects of Combinational Use of Additional Differential Diagnostic Generators on the Diagnostic Accuracy of the Differential Diagnosis List Developed by an Artificial Intelligence–Driven Automated History–Taking System: Pilot Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Harada Yukinori , Tomiyama Shusaku , Sakamoto Tetsu , Sugimoto Shu , Kawamura Ren , Yokose Masashi , Hayashi Arisa , Shimizu Taro
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Low diagnostic accuracy is a major concern in automated medical history–taking systems with differential diagnosis (DDx) generators. Extending the concept of collective intelligence to the field of DDx generators such that the accuracy of judgment becomes higher when accepting an integrated diagnosis list from multiple people than when accepting a diagnosis list from a single person may be a possible solution.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to assess whether the combined use of several DDx generators improves the diagnostic accuracy of DDx lists.

METHODS

We used medical history data and the top 10 DDx lists (index DDx lists) generated by an artificial intelligence (AI)–driven automated medical history–taking system from 103 patients with confirmed diagnoses. Two research physicians independently created the other top 10 DDx lists (second and third DDx lists) per case by imputing key information into the other 2 DDx generators based on the medical history generated by the automated medical history–taking system without reading the index lists generated by the automated medical history–taking system. We used the McNemar test to assess the improvement in diagnostic accuracy from the index DDx lists to the three types of combined DDx lists: (1) simply combining DDx lists from the index, second, and third lists; (2) creating a new top 10 DDx list using a 1/n weighting rule; and (3) creating new lists with only shared diagnoses among DDx lists from the index, second, and third lists. We treated the data generated by 2 research physicians from the same patient as independent cases. Therefore, the number of cases included in analyses in the case using 2 additional lists was 206 (103 cases × 2 physicians’ input).

RESULTS

The diagnostic accuracy of the index lists was 46% (47/103). Diagnostic accuracy was improved by simply combining the other 2 DDx lists (133/206, 65%, P<.001), whereas the other 2 combined DDx lists did not improve the diagnostic accuracy of the DDx lists (106/206, 52%, P=.05 in the collective list with the 1/n weighting rule and 29/206, 14%, P<.001 in the only shared diagnoses among the 3 DDx lists).

CONCLUSIONS

Simply adding each of the top 10 DDx lists from additional DDx generators increased the diagnostic accuracy of the DDx list by approximately 20%, suggesting that the combinational use of DDx generators early in the diagnostic process is beneficial.
STRATEGI OPTIMALISASI PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM RUJUK BALIK PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS PESERTA BPJS KESEHATAN DI PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN PANCORAN
Authors: Dianingsih Tita Meitia , Adi Utarini  , Haryo Bismantara
Published: May 2023

Background: The Back-Referral Program for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients in the health system in Indonesia demands the role of the Community Health Center in its implementation. The Pancoran Community Health Center seeks to answer the need for Referral Program by innovating service development in the form of an optimization strategy for Referral Program implementation, including increasing Prolanis participants and taking Referral Program prescriptions through clinical teleconsultation. Various factors influencing the success of the Referral Program, including the effectiveness of the innovations implemented, have not yet been evaluated in depth.

Objective: Exploring the factors influencing the continuity of Back-Referral Program patient visits and evaluating strategies for optimizing Back-Referral Program implementation at the Pancoran Community Health Center.

Methods: The research design used is Mixed-Method, sequential explanatory. The research was conducted at the Pancoran Community Health Center, with quantitative research subjects being DM patients who visited to take referral program prescriptions for 2020-2021, with as many as 69 people. The qualitative research subjects were ten patients registered as back-referral program participants in 2021-March 2022, chosen by a purposive sampling technique. In the quantitative study, secondary data were taken from medical records and analyzed in a simple descriptive manner using statistical analysis software. Qualitative research conducted indepth interviews, analyzed through coding, and interpreted descriptively.

Results: There is no relationship between increasing the continuity of the Back-Referral Program 2020-2021 and Prolanis participation or taking Back-Referral Program prescriptions through clinical teleconsultation. The increase in the continuity of Back-Referral Program patient visits was not related to the characteristics of the patient’s gender, age, domicile, educational level, and occupation. There are supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of The Back-Referral Program. Such as the level of satisfaction of patients consulting general practitioners, staff hospitality, easy access to services and information, patient-staff communication, infrastructure, drug availability, family and work support, budget flexibility, waiting time, and health conditions patient.

Conclusion: The increase in the continuity of DM patient visits taking Back-Referral Program prescriptions in 2020-2021 is not significantly related to optimization strategies and variations in patient characteristics. Based on patient perceptions, supporting and inhibiting factors for Back-Referral Program implementation were identified. Comprehensive steps are needed to optimize Back-Referral Program in the short, medium, and long-term stages, including the potential for using new programs based on patient perception.
EVALUATION OF A COMBINATION OF GINGIVAL PHYSIOTHERAPY, FLOSSING, AND BRUSHING TECHNIQUE THROUGH IN-OFFICE OBSERVATION
Authors: BHATNAGAR ANAND , BHATNAGAR EVA
Published: May 2023

Objective: Oral physiotherapy is described as the maintenance of oral hygiene, and its goal is the daily, full elimination of plaque with the least amount of work, time, and equipment feasible.

Methods: Materials and procedures In order to evaluate the brushing time, the effective duration of brushing, the brushing pattern, the order of sextants, and the use of dental floss, 30 patients aged 18 to 65 were divided into two groups, one without prior instruction, and the other in which the technique of modified Stillman brushing and flossing was explained to them.

Results: Despite instruction in hygiene techniques, better results of instruction were found in the control group.

Conclusion: Brushing technique was clearly preserved in the control group, although 10% had deficiencies. With this method, we can demonstrate the effectiveness of teaching a certain brushing technique only to typodont patients, probably, some additional method would strengthen the oral physiotherapy skills of the patient.
Lo público y lo privado: dicotomías de género y re-privatización de las mujeres en el parlamento
Authors: Peroni Lourdes
Published: May 2023

A través de un análisis cualitativo de datos obtenidos en entrevistas con veintidós parlamentarias y ex parlamentarias paraguayas, este artículo presenta algunos mecanismos a través de lo cuales la dicotomía público/privada puede reconfigurarse dentro del espacio público en desventaja de las mujeres. Las mujeres han aumentado su presencia numérica en el espacio político del cual han sido históricamente excluidas. De esta manera, han traspasado las fronteras que las confinaban al ámbito privado y ocupado espacios públicos tradicionalmente reservados a los hombres como los parlamentos. Sin embargo, y como se muestra en este artículo, varios mecanismos pueden operar dentro del espacio público para retornar simbólicamente a las mujeres a la esfera privada. El artículo ilustra algunos de estos mecanismos de re-privatización y las antiguas dicotomías de género excluyentes que los sostienen: cuerpo/mente, emoción/razón, dependencia/independencia. Se espera así arrojar luz sobre la tenacidad de la división público-privada y sobre las formas solapadas en las que puede re-dibujarse dentro del espacio público para excluir a las mujeres.
Animali, senzienza e specismo nella disciplina giuridica sovranazionale europea
Authors: Donadoni Paolo
Published: May 2023

L’analisi delle fonti sovranazionali europee, Unione europea e Consiglio d’Europa, mostra che il concetto di animale viene articolato su una pluralità di categorie giuridiche che richiedono di necessità di ricorrere al plurale: non esiste “l’animale”, come categoria unitaria e compatta, bensì “gli animali”, ognuno con sue specifiche caratteristiche, destinatari di volta in volta, di peculiari discipline e tutele. Nel corso del tempo si ravvisa l’emergere della consapevolezza, mutuata dall’incremento delle conoscenze scientifiche, della capacità di alcuni animali di provare piacere, dolore, paura, angoscia, eccetera, caratteristiche che ne fanno “esseri senzienti” e richiedono una crescita di attenzione e di tutela. Il quadro complessivo, tuttavia, risulta ancora talora ambiguo e comunque in progressiva evoluzione. L’Unione europea ha previsto di predisporre una nuova e coordinata disciplina della materia entro la fine del 2023.
No…, sí…, más bien, depende. Claroscuros de las acciones positivas en la jurisprudencia comunitaria europea en contexto laboral
Authors: Figueroa Bello Aída
Published: May 2023

En el contexto europeo, las acciones positivas han configurado estrategias claramente polémicas, no exentas de notables dificultades, y el plano jurisprudencial no ha resultado ser la excepción. El Tribunal de Justicia comunitario ha sentado sus posturas, en la mayoría de los casos, rechazándolas con una rotunda negativa (Kalanke), para después imprimir una cierta flexibilidad (Marschall y posteriores sentencias), pero resolviendo con marcada agudeza y rigor jurídico en cuanto a los elementos condicionantes para que, tales medidas de igualdad sustancial puedan ser legitimadas y aplicadas. De ahí que, justamente estos dos casos, hayan marcado el parteaguas para considerar un antes y un después en materia de acciones positivas en el ámbito de la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres en el contexto comunitario europeo. Los fallos jurisprudenciales del Tribunal de Justicia comunitario contemplan como único fundamento, el reconocimiento de la igualdad formal, con rasgos liberales de justicia, y caracterizan una diversidad interpretativa llena de vaivenes interpretativos, siguiendo un patrón europeo. Cabe mencionar que todos los asuntos se inscriben en la dinámica laboral propiamente dicha, tal peculiaridad no resulta sorpresiva, atendiendo al origen de este derecho y principio fundamental de igualdad de trato entre mujeres y hombres, definiendo así, el TJ sus líneas jurisprudenciales, siendo éste, el eje conductor de sus resoluciones.