bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Clinical Assessment Methods to Measure Scapular Upward Rotation: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Silverson Oliver , Cascia Nicole , Hettrich Carolyn M. , Hoch Matt , Uhl Tim
Published: May 2018

Clinical Scenario: Assessing movement of the scapula is an important component in the evaluation and treatment of the shoulder complex. Currently, gold-standard methods to quantify scapular movement include invasive technique, radiation, and 3D motion systems. This critically appraised topic focuses on several clinical assessment methods of quantifying scapular upward rotation with respect to their reliability and clinical utility. Clinical Question: Is there evidence for noninvasive methods that reliably assess clinical measures of scapular upward rotation in subjects with or without shoulder pathologies? Summary of Key Findings: Four studies were selected to be critically appraised. The quality appraisal of diagnostic reliability checklist was used to score the articles on methodology and consistency. Three of the 4 studies demonstrated support for the clinical question. Clinical Bottom Line: There is moderate evidence to support reliable clinical methods for measuring scapular upward rotation in subjects with or without shoulder pathology. Strength of Recommendation: There is moderate evidence to suggest there are reliable clinical measures to quantify scapular upward rotation in patients with or without shoulder pathology.
White matter microstructural alterations in amblyopic adults revealed by diffusion spectrum imaging with systematic tract-based automatic analysis
Authors: Tsai Tzu-Hsun , Su Hsien-Te , Hsu Yung-Chin , Shih Yao-Chia , Chen Chien-Chung , Hu Fung-Rong , Tseng Wen-Yih Isaac
Published: May 2018

Background/aim

We investigated the microstructural changes in white matter of adults with amblyopia using diffusion spectrum imaging with systematic tract-based automatic analysis of the whole brain.

Methods

Ten adults with amblyopia (six women and four men, 33.6±10.6 years old on average) and 20 age- and sex-matched normal-sighted controls were enrolled. The mean generalised fractional anisotropy (GFA) was measured in 76 white matter tracts and compared between the experimental and control groups using a threshold-free cluster-weighted method andt-test. A 2-percentile cut-off was used to identify segments with the greatest differences between the two groups.

Results

Participants with amblyopia had significantly lower GFA values than the controls in 11 segments located in nine white matter tracts, which included the following: left arcuate fasciculus, left frontal aslant tract, left fornix and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus of the association fibres; left thalamic radiations of the auditory nerve and bilateral optic radiations of the projection fibres; and genu and middle temporal gyrus of the callosal fibres. Amblyopic participants had statistically higher GFA values in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus than those of the controls.

Conclusion

This preliminary study using whole-brain tractographic analysis of white matter reveals association between abnormal early visual processing and alterations in brain architecture, which may be related to various higher-level deficits, such as audiovisual integration and hand−eye coordination in patients with amblyopia.
Reducing inequity of cataract blindness and vision impairment is a global priority, but where is the evidence?
Authors: Ramke Jacqueline , Evans Jennifer R , Gilbert Clare E
Published: May 2018

Throughout the world, people who are socially or economically disadvantaged disproportionately experience blindness and vision impairment caused by cataract. Reducing vision loss from cataract and its unequal distribution must be a priority if the WHO’s aim of ‘universal eye health’ is to be realised. To help achieve this, decision-makers and service planners need evidence on which strategies improve access to cataract services among disadvantaged populations, and under what circumstances. Unfortunately, despite many strategies to improve cataract services being implemented in recent decades, evidence of what works, for who and in what circumstances is not readily available. This paper summarises the extent of the evidence on interventions to reduce inequity of vision loss from cataract and makes suggestions for how the evidence base can be strengthened.
Establishing a protocol for building a pan-Canadian population-based monitoring system for early childhood development for children with health disorders: Canadian Children’s Health in Context Study (CCHICS)
Authors: Janus Magdalena , Brownell Marni , Reid-Westoby Caroline , Bennett Teresa , Birken Catherine , Coplan Robert , Duku Eric , Ferro Mark A , Forer Barry , Georgiades Stelios , Gorter Jan Willem , Guhn Martin , Maguire Jonathon L , Manson Heather , Pei Jacqueline , Santos Rob
Published: May 2018

Introduction

Health disorders early in life have tremendous impact on children’s developmental trajectories. Almost 80% of children with health disorders lack the developmental skills to take full advantage of school-based education relative to 27% of children without a health disorder. In Canada, there is currently a dearth of nationally representative data on the social determinants of early childhood development for children with health disorders. Evidence from Canada and other countries indicate that poorer developmental outcomes in typically developing children are associated with lower socioeconomic status (SES). However, to date, it is not known whether this relationship is stronger among children with health disorders. The study’s objectives are to estimate the prevalence and to investigate social determinants of developmental outcomes for young children with health disorders, using the Early Development Instrument (EDI).

Methods and analysis

Study objectives will be achieved through three steps. First, using existing EDI data for 10 provinces and 2 territories collected from 2004 to 2015, we will investigate differences in developmental health outcomes among children with identified health disorders. Second, population-level EDI data will be linked with neighbourhood sociodemographic census data to explore associations between socioeconomic characteristics and rates of specific diagnoses among children aged 5–6 years, including trends over time. Third, for 3 of these 12 regions, additional health and/or education databases will be linked at an individual level. These data will be used to establish differences in EDI outcomes in relation to the age-of-onset of diagnosis, and presence of intervention or treatment.

Ethics and dissemination

Study methodologies have been approved by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board. The results of the analyses of developmental health outcomes for children with health disorders combined with SES will have implications for both health service delivery and school-based intervention strategies. Results will contribute to a framework for public policy.
Emission of primordial bosonic radiation during inflation
Authors: Arcodía Marcos R.A. , Ridao Luis Santiago , Bellini Mauricio
Published: May 2018

We study the emission of neutral massless (1, 2)ħ-spin bosons during power-law inflation using unified spinor field theory. We show that during inflation, gravitons and photons were emitted with wavelengths (on physical coordinates) that increase with the Hubble radius λPh ∼ a/H. The quantised action related to these bosons is calculated and determined to be a fraction of the Planck constant.
Theoretical Evalution and Experimental Research on Thermal Insulation Performance of Graphitic Carbon-Doped Silica Aerogels
Authors: Xu Qinfeng , Zhu Jiayi , Luo Xuan , Chen Zhaodong , Ren Hongbo , Bi Yutie , Zhang Lin
Published: May 2018

Graphitic carbon-doped silica aerogels, including graphite-doped and graphene-doped silica aerogels, were fabricated by the sol–gel method. Thermal resistance was a significant comprehensive parameter which could reflect the ability to prevent the heat transfer. In order to give a direct evaluation of the thermal insulation performance, the calculated formula of thermal resistance for graphitic carbon-doped silica aerogel thermal insulation layers had been given through theoretic analysis on the basis of the thermal conductivity and the aerogel-based heat insulation layers showed good thermal insulation performance. It was expected that theoretical evaluation and experimental research could provide a reference for the reliability and performance in the field of the aerogel-based insulation layers.
An Integrated Signature-Based Framework for Efficient Visual Similarity Detection and Measurement in Video Shots
Authors: Bekhet Saddam , Ahmed Amr
Published: May 2018

This article presents a framework for speedy video matching and retrieval through detection and measurement of visual similarity. The framework’s efficiency stems from its power to encode a given shot content into a compact fixed-length signature that helps in robust real-time matching. Separate scene and motion signatures are developed and fused together to fully represent and match respective video shots. Scene information is captured through the Statistical Dominant Color Profile (SDCP), while motion information is captured through a graph-based signature called the Dominant Color Graph Profile (DCGP). The SDCP is a fixed-length compact signature that statistically encodes the colors’ spatiotemporal patterns across video frames. The DCGP is a fixed-length signature that records and tracks the gray levels across subsampled video frames, where the graph structural properties are used to extract the signature values. Finally, the overall video signature is generated by fusing the individual scene and motion signatures. The signature-based aspect of the proposed framework is the key to its high matching speed (> 2000 fps) compared to current techniques that rely on exhaustive processing. To maximize the benefit of the framework, compressed-domain videos are utilized as a case study following their wide availability. However, the framework avoids full video decompression and operates on tiny frames rather than full-size decompressed frames. Experiments on various standard and challenging dataset groups show the framework’s robust performance in terms of both retrieval and computational performance.
Singular Perturbation of Nonlinear Systems with Regular Singularity
Authors: Marchetti Domingos H. U. , Conti William R. P.
Published: May 2018

We extend Balser-Kostov method of studying summability properties of a singularly perturbed inhomogeneous linear system with regular singularity at origin to nonlinear systems of the form εzf′=Fε,z,f with F a Cν-valued function, holomorphic in a polydisc D-ρ×D-ρ×D-ρν. We show that its unique formal solution in power series of ε, whose coefficients are holomorphic functions of z, is 1-summable under a Siegel-type condition on the eigenvalues of Ff(0,0,0). The estimates employed resemble the ones used in KAM theorem. A simple lemma is applied to tame convolutions that appear in the power series expansion of nonlinear equations. Applications to spherical Bessel functions and probability theory are indicated. The proposed summability method has certain advantages as it may be applied as well to (singularly perturbed) nonlinear partial differential equations of evolution type.
Severely Circumferentially Calcified Neointima as a New Cause of Undilatable In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Kashiwagi Manabu , Tanimoto Takashi , Kitabata Hironori
Published: May 2018

A 74-year old man presented recurrent angina pectoris due to in-stent restenosis (ISR) with severely calcified neointima. In-stent neoatherosclerosis (NA) is associated with late stent failure, and NA with calcified neointima occurs in some cases. Because the presence of neointimal calcification could lead to underexpansion of newly implanted stent for ISR, a scoring balloon was selected for predilatation to obtain maximum extrusion of the neointimal plaque and subsequently, an everolimus-eluting stent was implanted. However, moderate stenosis remained on coronary angiography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed underexpansion of the newly implanted stent because an attempt at balloon dilatation of neointimal calcification failed. Although OCT can clearly discriminate stent struts from neointimal calcification, we did not perform OCT assessment between scoring balloon and stenting. It is highly recommended to confirm whether the lesion is adequately treated by balloon angioplasty before stenting in cases with calcified ISR.
A Coal Burst Mitigation Strategy for Tailgate during Deep Mining of Inclined Longwall Top Coal Caving Panels at Huafeng Coal Mine
Authors: Feng Guorui , Wang Pengfei , Chugh Yoginder P. , Zhao Jingli , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Zhipeng
Published: May 2018

A coal burst mitigation strategy for tailgate in mining of deep inclined longwall panels with top coal caving at Huafeng Coal Mine is presented in this paper. Field data showed that coal bursts, rib sloughing or slabbing, large convergence, and so forth frequently occurred within the tailgate entries during development and panel retreating employing standard longwall top coal caving (LTCC) layout which resulted in fatal injuries and tremendous profit loss. The contributing factors leading to coal bursts were analyzed. Laboratory tests, in situ measurement, and field observation demonstrate that the intrinsic bursting proneness of the coal seam and immediate roof stratum, deep cover, overlying ultrathick (500–800 m) conglomerate strata, faults, and, most importantly, improper panel layout led to coal bursts. By employing a new strategy, that is, longwall mining with split‐level gateroads (LMSG), gateroads on either end of a LMSG panel are located at different levels within a coal seam, adjacent LMSG panels overlap end to end, and the tailgate of the adjacent new LMSG panel can be located below the headgate entry of the previous LMSG panel or may be offset horizontally with respect to it. Numerical modeling was carried out to investigate the stress distribution and yield zone development within surrounding rock mass which was validated by field investigation. The results indicate that standard LTCC system gave rise to high ground pressure around tailgate entries next to the gob, while LMSG tailgate entry below the gob edge was in a destressed environment. Therefore, coal bursts are significantly mitigated. Field practice of LMSG at Huafeng Coal Mine demonstrates how the new strategy effectively dealt with coal burst problems in mining of deep inclined longwall panels with a reduced incidence of ground control problems. The new strategy can potentially be applied in similar settings.
Acute Ascending Flaccid Paralysis Secondary to Multiple Trigger Factor Induced Hyperkalemia
Authors: Hemachandra K. H. D. Thilini , Chandimal Dayasiri M. B. Kavinda , Kannangara Thamara
Published: May 2018

Background. Acute flaccid paralysis is an uncommon, but potentially life threatening, sequel of severe hyperkalemia. Reported primary aetiologies include renal failure, Addison’s disease, potassium sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, and dietary excess. Coconut water, when consumed in excess, has been reported to cause severe hyperkalemia. We report the case of acute ascending flaccid paralysis secondary to hyperkalemia induced by multiple trigger factors—king coconut water, renal failure, diabetes, metabolic acidosis, and potassium sparing diuretics. Case Presentation. A 78-year-old man presented with acute ascending type flaccid paralysis over five-hour duration and subsequently developed preterminal cardiac arrhythmias secondary to severe hyperkalemia (serum potassium: 7.02 mEq/L). He was on Losartan and Spironolactone for ischemic heart disease. Dietary history revealed excessive intake of king coconut water (Cocos nucifera) over past one week. Electrocardiogram returned to normal rhythm and serum potassium was 6.1 mEq/L within 2 hours of institution of emergency management for life threatening hyperkalemia. Neurological symptoms completely recovered within twenty-four hours without the need for dialysis. Electromyogram three days after the initial presentation revealed normal findings. Conclusions. The report describes a rare case of secondary hyperkalemic flaccid paralysis induced by multiple trigger factors. It is important that patients with risk factors for hyperkalemia are educated regarding avoiding excess dietary potassium. Regular follow-up of these patients is mandatory with review of medication related side effects and serum electrolytes.
Psychological Aspects and Depression in Patients with Symptomatic Keratoconus
Authors: Moschos Marilita M. , Gouliopoulos Nikolaos S. , Kalogeropoulos Chris , Androudi Sofia , Kitsos George , Ladas Dimitrios , Tsatsos Michael , Chatziralli Irini
Published: May 2018

Purpose. To assess the psychological status of keratoconus sufferers and to determine the relationship between depression and visual impairment in this group of patients. Methods. Fifty-six patients with keratoconus and forty-seven age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects were retroprospectively analyzed. Every participant underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. Keratoconus diagnosis was confirmed with corneal topography and tomography. Zung Depression Inventory Questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were completed by everyone. Results. Visual acuity (logMAR 0.53 ±0.30 versus 0.11 ± 0.16), PHQ-9 score (10.20 ± 4.00 versus 5.40 ± 5.01), and Zung score (46.52 ± 8.70 versus 38.53 ± 8.41) showed a statistically significant difference between keratoconus patients and healthy controls (p<0.001 for all). Worse visual acuity was strongly correlated with older individuals (rho = 0.339, p=0.011) and higher PHQ-9 (rho = 0.765, p<0.001) and Zung score (rho = 0.672, p<0.001). Conclusion. Depressive disorders appear to be directly associated with keratoconus, both in frequency and intensity. Worse visual acuity and older age could be identified as predictive factors for their emotional status. Moreover, the disease itself could be recognized as an independent risk factor for depression development, underlying the need for close monitoring and supportive management. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first in the literature to elaborate the association between keratoconus and depression, by assessing two different questionnaires simultaneously.
Research on Bogie Frame Lateral Instability of High‐Speed Railway Vehicle
Authors: Wang Chen , Luo Shihui , Xu Ziqiang , Gao Chang , Ma Weihua
Published: May 2018

In order to find out the reason for the bogie frame instability alarm in the high‐speed railway vehicle, the influence of wheel tread profile of the unstable vehicle was investigated. By means of wheel‐rail contact analysis and dynamics simulation, the effect of tread wear on the bogie frame lateral stability was studied. The result indicates that the concave wear of tread is gradually aggravated with the increase of operation mileage; meanwhile the wheel‐rail equivalent conicity also increases. For the rail which has not been grinded for a long time, the wear of gauge corner and wide‐worn zone is relatively severe; the matching equivalent conicity is 0.31‐0.4 between the worn rail and the concave‐worn‐tread wheel set. The equivalent conicity between the grinded rail and the concave‐worn tread is below 0.25; the equivalent conicities are always below 0.1 between the reprofiled wheel set and various rails. The result of the line test indicates that the lateral acceleration of bogie frame corresponding to the worn wheel‐rail can reach 8.5m/s2, and the acceleration after the grinding is reduced below 4.5m/s2. By dynamics simulation, it turns out that the unreasonable wheel‐rail matching relationship is the major cause of the bogie frame lateral alarm. With the tread‐concave wear being aggravated, the equivalent conicity of wheel‐rail matching constantly increases, which leads to the bogie frame lateral instability and then the frame instability alarm.
Effect of Emotion and Type of Encoding on Memory for Actions: Verbal and Subject-Performed Tasks
Authors: Borg Céline , Bouazza Zineb , Godeau Marielle , Getenet Jean-Claude , Chainay Hanna
Published: May 2018

Background: The present study examines whether the interaction between emotion and the enactment effect (body involvement) improves memory in people with Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Two experiments with drawings of actions were conducted, in which two types of encoding were used: motor and verbal. In experiment 1, with 13 AD patients and 13 older healthy adults, the encoding was incidental. In experiment 2, with 17 mild AD patients and 21 older healthy adults, it was intentional. Results: In experiment 1, no effect of enactment or emotion was observed in the AD patients. In experiment 2, effects of enactment and emotion (better recall for negative actions) were observed in the AD patients. This pattern of results was also observed in the elderly control adults in both experiments. Conclusion: These results confirm effects observed in normal ageing and indicate a more subtle effect on AD.
Barrett’s Esophagus after Bimodality Therapy in Patients with Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Amlashi Fatemeh G. , Wang Xuemei , Davila Raquel E. , Maru Dipen M. , Bhutani Manoop S. , Lee Jeffrey H. , Weston Brian R. , Mizrak Kaya Dilsa , Vassilakopoulou Maria , Harada Kazuto , Blum Murphy Mariela A. , Rice David C. , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Davila Marta , Nguyen Quynh-nhu , Ajani Jaffer A.
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) may be present in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) after bimodality therapy (BMT). There is no specific guidance for follow-up of these patients with regard to the presence of BE or dysplasia. In this study, we assessed the outcomes of patients who, after BMT, had BE and those who did not. Method: Patients with EAC who had BMT were identified and analyzed retrospectively in two groups, with and without BE. We compared patient characteristics and outcome variables (local, distant, and no recurrence). Results: Of 228 patients with EAC, 68 (29.8%) had BE before BMT. Ninety-eight (42.9%) had BE after BMT, and endoscopic intervention was done in 11 (11.2%). With a median follow-up of 37 months, the presence of post-BMT BE was not significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS). Similarly, endoscopic intervention was not significantly associated with OS and LRFS. Fifty (73.5%) patients with BE before BMT had BE after BMT (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The presence of BE after BMT was not associated with increased risk of local recurrence. The local recurrence rate was not influenced by endoscopic intervention. Prospective studies are warranted to generate guidance for intervention, if necessary, for this group of EAC patients.
Repetitive Transient Ischemia-Induced Cardiac Angiogenesis is Mediated by Camkii Activation
Authors: Chen Zhuobin , Li Benlei , Dong Qiaoqiao , Qian Cheng , Cheng Jun , Wang Yanggan
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: Coronary angiogenesis is an important protective mechanism in response to myocardial ischemia in coronary artery disease. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we investigated the role of CaMKII activation in ischemia-induced cardiac angiogenesis. Methods: Repetitive transient ischemia model was established in C57/BL6 mice by daily multiple episodes (3 times/day) of short time (5 min) occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 7 days. Coronary angiogenesis was detected by immunofluorescent staining. RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of CaMKII, p-CaMKII and VEGF. Primary cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were isolated to investigate the effects of KN93 on cell proliferation and migration in hypoxic condition. Results: We found that angiogenesis was induced in the ischemic myocardium and suppressed by chronic intraperitoneal injection of CaMKII inhibitor KN93. RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses showed that myocardial ischemia induced an increased expression and autophosphorylation of CaMKII. VEGF expression was increased in the ischemia model but blunted by KN93. Moreover, KN93 suppressed the proliferation and migration of cardiac endothelial cells in hypoxic condition in which the protein expression of CaMKII, p-CaMKII and VEGF was increased. Conclusion: CaMKII is an important mediator for the ischemia-induced coronary angiogenesis, in which CaMKII-triggered VEGF expression plays a key role.
Niclosamide Exhibits Potent Anticancer Activity and Synergizes with Sorafenib in Human Renal Cell Cancer Cells
Authors: Yu Xinyi , Liu Feng , Zeng Liyi , He Fang , Zhang Ruyi , Yan Shujuan , Zeng Zongyue , Shu Yi , Zhao Chen , Wu Xingye , Lei Jiayan , Zhang Wenwen , Yang Chao , Wu Ke , Wu Ying , An Liping , Huang Shifeng , Ji Xiaojuan , Gong Cheng , Yuan Chengfu , Zhang Linghuan , Feng Yixiao , Huang Bo , Liu Wei , Zhang Bo , Dai Zhengyu , Wang Xi , Liu Bo , Haydon Rex C. , Luu Hue H. , Gan Hua , He Tong-Chuan , Chen Liqun
Published: May 2018

Background/Aims: As the most lethal urological cancers, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) comprises a heterogeneous group of cancer with diverse genetic and molecular alterations. There is an unmet clinical need to develop efficacious therapeutics for advanced, metastatic and/or relapsed RCC. Here, we investigate whether anthelmintic drug Niclosamide exhibits anticancer activity and synergizes with targeted therapy Sorafenib in suppressing RCC cell proliferation. Methods: Cell proliferation and migration were assessed by Crystal violet staining, WST-1 assay, cell wounding and cell cycle analysis. Gene expression was assessed by qPCR. In vivo anticancer activity was assessed in xenograft tumor model. Results: We find that Niclosamide effectively inhibits cell proliferation, cell migration and cell cycle progression, and induces apoptosis in human renal cancer cells. Mechanistically, Niclosamide inhibits the expression of C-MYC and E2F1 while inducing the expression of PTEN in RCC cells. Niclosamide is further shown to synergize with Sorafenib in suppressing RCC cell proliferation and survival. In the xenograft tumor model, Niclosamide is shown to effectively inhibit tumor growth and suppress RCC cell proliferation. Conclusions: Niclosamide may be repurposed as a potent anticancer agent, which can potentiate the anticancer activity of the other agents targeting different signaling pathways in the treatment of human RCC.
The whole Iliad is a Stage. Christopher Logue’s War Music and the Performative Nature of the Iliad
Authors: Faia Tatiana
Published: May 2018

Este ensaio toma a adaptação de Christopher Logue da Ilíada, War Music, como ponto de partida para considerar a natureza performativa do poema homérico. Discutindo a versão de Logue como uma leitura crítica do poema, exploro os modos em que esta adaptação se configura como uma resposta ao potencial performativo do poema, enquanto, ao mesmo tempo, constitui uma interpretação desafiante de perguntas recorrentes que se relacionam com a noção de personagens como intérpretes. Concentro-me especialmente no primeiro livro da Ilíada e na primeira parte de War Music., Kings.
Between man and god: the imperial ritual of apotheosis in ancient Rome
Authors: Machado Carlos Augusto Ribeiro
Published: May 2018

O culto imperial ocupa um lugar central na historiografia sobre a religião romana na época do império. A despeito disso, o ritual central para este culto – a consagração do imperador morto como deus – ainda é objeto de maus entendidos e controvérsias entre estudiosos. Este artigo visa discutir esta questão, considerando os limites entre política e religião na Roma antiga, e como uma dimensão estava inextricavelmente ligada à outra.
Imagens no Satyricon: um Ensaio sobre Ars Memoriae
Authors: Martins Caroline Morato
Published: May 2018

Este artigo discute as noções de memória e imagem na Antiguidade greco-romana. Analisamos essas noções nas obras selecionadas que se relacionam ao que tentamos entender como uma história da arte da memória antiga. Há inúmeras fontes que, talvez, pudessem compor um trabalho com intuito de pensar a história da arte da memória clássica, mas destacamos: Fedro (Platão), De Anima (Aristóteles), De oratore (Cícero), Rhetorica ad Herennium (sem autoria definida) e Naturalis Historia (Plínio, o Velho). Estas obras serão utilizadas para situarmos o uso de recursos ecfrásticos no Satyricon, obra atribuída a Petrônio, um cortesão do período neroniano, segundo Tácito (Ann. XVI, 18-19), elegantiae arbiter da corte de Nero. Salientamos o episódio da Cena Trimalchionis (25-78), devido à composição do retrato do rico liberto Trimalquião, descrições de sua casa e monumento e, posteriormente, o episódio ambientado em uma pinacoteca (83-89), devido à discussão sobre arte encarnada por Encólpio e Eumolpo, quando apresentaremos uma aproximação entre esta obra e a Naturalis Historia, justificada por uma concordância entre ambas relativa à arte ou à valoração que se dá à arte e pela denúncia de uma decadência moral e artística contemporânea. Entendemos que uma leitura adequada do Satyricon requer a elaboração de um panorama crítico e um estudo aprofundado da ars memoriae na Antiguidade, sendo essa a função do artigo.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Changes in Preeclampsia
Authors: Ciampa Erin , Li Yunping , Dillon Simon , Lecarpentier Edouard , Sorabella Laura , Libermann Towia A. , Karumanchi S. Ananth , Hess Philip E.
Published: May 2018

The molecular mechanisms underlying seizure susceptibility in preeclampsia are unknown. We hypothesized that altered expression of distinct proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may reflect pathophysiological changes in the central nervous system that contribute to the neurological manifestations of severe preeclampsia. We obtained CSF samples from 13 patients with preeclampsia and 14 control patients during spinal anesthesia before delivery and analyzed them by SOMAscan, an aptamer-based proteomics platform for alterations in 1310 protein levels. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was conducted to highlight relationships between preeclampsia-specific proteins found to be significantly altered. For 2 of the target proteins, we validated the difference in CSF concentrations by ELISA. SOMAscan revealed 82 proteins, whose expression levels were significantly different (
P
<0.05) in CSF from patients with preeclampsia versus controls. Principal component analysis achieved perfect separation of the preeclampsia and control groups in 2 dimensions. The differentially expressed proteins converge around 4 signaling molecules: TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β), VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A), angiotensinogen, and IL-6 (interleukin-6). Within the TGF-β pathway, upregulation of activin A (301.6±47.4 versus 151.6±20.5 pg/mL;
P
=0.0074) and follistatin-related gene (5129±347 versus 3016±188 pg/mL;
P
<0.0001) in preeclampsia was confirmed by ELISA. In summary, signaling pathways important for vascular remodeling, inflammation, and neuronal growth, signaling, and electrophysiology were well represented among the proteins found to be altered in CSF in patients with preeclampsia.
Animals, Ethics, and the Art World
Authors: Nannicelli Ted
Published: May 2018

This paper argues that debates over art exhibitions that make use of live animals, such as the Guggenheim Museum's 2017 Art and China After 1989: Theater of the World, are reflective of a schism between two general approaches to the ethico-political criticism of art. One of these approaches, the interpretation-oriented approach, is dominant in the art world and its adjacent institutions. The other, the production-oriented approach, is tacitly adopted by art-interested non-specialists. This rift explains why the use of animals in contemporary art—a practice that many art-interested people outside of the art world find bizarre and prima facie unethical—is so rarely discussed critically within art world institutions such as museums and journals. In an attempt to redress this oversight, the paper argues that the production-oriented approach is not only conceptually sound, but rationally preferable to the interpretation-oriented approach in many such cases.
Idimanthus: A new aroid genus (Araceae—Caladieae) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brasil
Authors: GONÇALVES EDUARDO G.
Published: May 2018

The monotypic genus Idimanthus (Araceae-Caladieae), represented by the species Idimanthus amorphophalloides, is here described and illustrated. It differs from all Caladieae by its connective ending in a rostrate beak turned downward, but the combination of cormous geophytic stem, copious endosperm, densely arranged fertile flowers and sterile flowers densely arranged in an apical appendix did not match any other genera in the tribe. It was collected in a marble outcrop in Northern Rio de Janeiro state, in the county of Italva, nearby the city of Cardoso Moreira as an understory herb. The aspect of leafless inflorescences with a long apical staminoidal area appearing directly from the soil is remarkably peculiar for Southeastern Brazilian aroids.
A new species of the genus Phyllodesma (Phyllodesma) Hübner, [1820] 1816 from southern China (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)
Authors: SALDAITIS AIDAS , ZOLOTUHIN VADIM V.
Published: May 2018

A new species, Phyllodesma kopetzi sp. nov. (type locality: China, W. Sichuan, Road Daocheng/Litang, 4100 m, N29°36.788’, E100°19.825’), is described from the southwestern part of China’s Sichuan Province. The holotype is deposited in the World Insect Gallery (Joniškis, Lithuania) collection. It is compared with the poorly known Phyllodesma sinina (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891) described from Sinin-Shan [Qinghai, China].
The Juggler of Notre Dame and the Medievalizing of Modernity
Authors: Ziolkowski Jan M.
Published: May 2018

This ambitious and vivid study in six volumes explores the journey of a single, electrifying story, from its first incarnation in a medieval French poem through its prolific rebirth in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Juggler of Notre Dame tells how an entertainer abandons the world to join a monastery, but is suspected of blasphemy after dancing his devotion before a statue of the Madonna in the crypt; he is saved when the statue, delighted by his skill, miraculously comes to life.

Jan Ziolkowski tracks the poem from its medieval roots to its rediscovery in late nineteenth-century Paris, before its translation into English in Britain and the United States. The visual influence of the tale on Gothic revivalism and vice versa in America is carefully documented with lavish and inventive illustrations, and Ziolkowski concludes with an examination of the explosion of interest in The Juggler of Notre Dame in the twentieth century and its place in mass culture today.

The Juggler of Notre Dame and the Medievalizing of Modernity is a rich case study for the reception of the Middle Ages in modernity. Spanning centuries and continents, the medieval period is understood through the lens of its (post)modern reception in Europe and America. Profound connections between the verbal and the visual are illustrated by a rich trove of images, including book illustrations, stained glass, postage stamps, architecture, and Christmas cards.

Presented with great clarity and simplicity, Ziolkowski's work is accessible to the general reader, while its many new discoveries will be valuable to academics in such fields and disciplines as medieval studies, medievalism, philology, literary history, art history, folklore, performance studies, and reception studies.
Simulated Sensitivity of Urban Green Infrastructure Practices to Climate Change
Authors: Sarkar Saumya , Butcher Jonathan B. , Johnson Thomas E. , Clark Christopher M.
Published: May 2018

Climate change is likely to alter the quantity and quality of urban stormwater, presenting a risk to water quality and public health. How might stormwater management practices need to change to address future climate? Answering requires understanding how management practices respond to climate forcing. Traditional “gray” stormwater design employs engineered structures, sized based on assumptions about future rainfall, which have limited flexibility once built. Green infrastructure (GI) uses vegetation, soil, and distributed structures to manage rainwater where it falls and may provide greater flexibility for adaptation. There is, however, uncertainty about how a warmer climate may affect performance of different types of GI. This study uses the hydrologic and biogeochemical watershed model, Regional Hydro-Ecologic Simulation System (RHESSys), to investigate sensitivity of different GI practices to climate. Simulations examine 36 urban “archetypes” representing different development patterns (at the city block scale) of typical U.S. cities, 11 regional climatic settings, and a range of mid-twenty-first-century scenarios based on downscaled climate model output. Results suggest regionally variable effects of climate change on the performance of GI practices for water quantity, water quality, and carbon sequestration. GI is able to mitigate most projected future increases in surface runoff, while bioretention can mitigate increased nitrogen yield at nine of 11 sites. Simulated changes in carbon balance are small, while local evaporative cooling can be substantial. Given uncertainty in the local expression of future climate, infrastructure design should emphasize flexibility and robustness to a range of future conditions.
The Downward Influence of Uncertainty in the Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex Response to Climate Change
Authors: Simpson Isla R , Hitchcock Peter , Seager Richard , Wu Yutian , Callaghan Patrick
Published: May 2018

General circulation models display a wide range of future predicted changes in the Northern Hemisphere winter stratospheric polar vortex. The downward influence of this stratospheric uncertainty on the troposphere has previously been inferred from regression analyses across models and is thought to contribute to model spread in tropospheric circulation change. Here we complement such regression analyses with idealized experiments using one model where different changes in the zonal-mean stratospheric polar vortex are artificially imposed to mimic the extreme ends of polar vortex change simulated by models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The influence of the stratospheric vortex change on the tropospheric circulation in these experiments is quantitatively in agreement with the inferred downward influence from across-model regressions, indicating that such regressions depict a true downward influence of stratospheric vortex change on the troposphere below. With a relative weakening of the polar vortex comes a relative increase in Arctic sea level pressure (SLP), a decrease in zonal wind over the North Atlantic, drying over northern Europe, and wetting over southern Europe. The contribution of stratospheric vortex change to intermodel spread in these quantities is assessed in the CMIP5 models. The spread, as given by 4 times the across-model standard deviation, is reduced by roughly 10% on regressing out the contribution from stratospheric vortex change, while the difference between models on extreme ends of the distribution in terms of their stratospheric vortex change can reach up to 50% of the overall model spread for Arctic SLP and 20% of the overall spread in European precipitation.
Numerical Simulations to Project Argo Float Positions in the Middepth and Deep Southwest Pacific
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Gille Sarah T. , Mazloff Matthew R. , Zilberman Nathalie V. , Du Yan
Published: May 2018

Argo float trajectories are simulated in the southwest Pacific basin (25°–45°S, 170°E–165°W) using velocity fields from a 1/12° Southern Ocean model and a Lagrangian particle tracking model programmed to represent the vertical motions of profiling Argo floats. The system is applied to simulate both core Argo floats (typically parked at 1000-m depth and profiling to 2000-m depth) and Deep Argo floats (parked 500 m above the seafloor). The goal is to estimate probability density functions (PDFs) predicting future float positions. Differences are expected in the trajectory statistics, largely because of limitations in the temporal and spatial resolution of the model fields and uncertainties associated with a random walk component included in the particle advection scheme to represent this unresolved variability. Nonetheless, the core Argo float displacements over ~100-day time intervals are mostly consistent with the derived PDFs, particularly in regions with stable midlayer flows. For the Deep Argo floats, which are released into the open ocean and parked near the bottom, the simulations predict an average total displacement of less than 50 km within 100 days, in good agreement with the Deep Argo floats deployed as part of a pilot study. The study explores both the representativeness and the predictability of float displacements, with an aim to contribute to planning for the float observing system.
“Sometimes da #beachlife ain't always da wave”: Understanding People’s Evolving Hurricane Risk Communication, Risk Assessments, and Responses Using Twitter Narratives
Authors: Demuth Julie L. , Morss Rebecca E. , Palen Leysia , Anderson Kenneth M. , Anderson Jennings , Kogan Marina , Stowe Kevin , Bica Melissa , Lazrus Heather , Wilhelmi Olga , Henderson Jen
Published: May 2018

This article investigates the dynamic ways that people communicate, assess, and respond as a weather threat evolves. It uses social media data, which offer unique records of what people convey about their real-world risk contexts. Twitter narratives from 53 people who were in a mandatory evacuation zone in a New York City neighborhood during Hurricane Sandy in 2012 were qualitatively analyzed. The study provides rich insight into the complex, dynamic information behaviors and risk assessments of people at risk, and it illustrates how social media data can be collected, sampled, and analyzed to help provide this understanding. Results show that this sample of people at significant risk attended to forecast information and evacuation orders as well as multiple types of social and environmental cues. Although many tweeted explicitly about the mandatory evacuation order, forecast information was usually referenced only implicitly. Social and environmental cues grew more important as the threat approached and often triggered heightened risk perceptions or protective actions. The results also reveal the importance of different aspects of people’s cognitive and affective risk perceptions as well as specific emotions (e.g., fear, anger) for understanding risk assessments. People discussed a variety of preparatory and protective behavioral responses and exhibited multiple types of coping responses (e.g., humor) as the threat evolved. People’s risk assessments and responses were closely intertwined, and their risk perceptions were not continuously elevated as the hurricane approached; they exhibited different ways of interpreting, coping, and responding as they accessed and processed evolving information about the threat.
Steroid Versus Antibiotic Drops in the Prevention of Postoperative Myringotomy Tube Complications
Authors: Alvi Sameer A. , Jones Joel W. , Porter Paul , Perryman Mollie , Nelson Karen , Francis Carrie L. , Larsen Christopher G.
Published: May 2018

Objectives:

To determine the incidence of early postoperative tympanostomy tube insertion otorrhea and obstruction in pediatric patients receiving antibiotic ear drops with or without steroid perioperatively.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent outpatient myringotomy and tube placement. Patients from June 2013 to February 2014 received ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone perioperatively while patients from May 2014 to April 2015 received ofloxacin. Statistical analysis was performed to compare outcomes between the cohorts.

Results:

One hundred thirty-four patients received topical ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone, and 116 patients received topical ofloxacin. The rate of postoperative otorrhea was 5.2% for the ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone group and 8.2% for the ofloxacin group. Tube obstruction was seen in 6.0% of the ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone group and 5.2% in the ofloxacin group. Neither outcome had a statistically significant difference ( P = .21 and .85, respectively). There was no difference in the rate of effusion at the time of tube placement between the 2 cohorts ( P = .16), and this included subgroup analysis based on effusion type (mucoid, purulent, serous). Patients with a mucoid effusion at the time of surgery were more likely to experience otorrhea/obstruction than patients with dry ears (odds ratio = 2.23, P = .02).

Conclusion:

No significant difference in the incidence of immediate postoperative tympanostomy tube otorrhea or obstruction was seen between the antibiotic-steroid and antibiotic alone cohorts, regardless of effusion type. Overall, patients with mucoid effusions are more likely to develop tube otorrhea or obstruction at follow-up. Cost-effective drops should be used when prescribing topical therapy to prevent complications after ear tubes.
Adequate or Inadequate? The Volume of Blood Submitted for Blood Culture at a Tertiary Children’s Hospital
Authors: Harewood Freya C. , Curtis Nigel , Daley Andrew J. , Bryant Penelope A. , Gwee Amanda , Connell Thomas G.
Published: May 2018

The volume of blood sampled for culture critically influences the results. This study aimed to determine (1) the volume of blood submitted for culture, (2) the proportion of blood cultures with adequate volume, (3) whether measured improvement from a previous educational intervention had been sustained, and (4) the impact of blood volume on culture result. The volume of blood submitted for cultures was determined over a 13-month period by weighing bottles before and after collection and before and after an educational intervention. The volume of blood submitted in 5127 culture bottles were measured. Fewer than 50% of all cultures were deemed adequate. A significant pathogen was isolated in 4.7% of blood cultures, and low-volume cultures were more likely to yield contaminant isolates (47/2422 [1.9%] vs 22/2705 [0.8%], P = .0005). Subsequently, the higher rate of contaminant isolates from low-volume cultures may affect selection and rationalization of antibiotic therapy.
A Case Report of Hypertensive Emergency and Intracranial Hemorrhage Due to Intracavernosal Phenylephrine
Authors: Palagiri Raga Deepak Reddy , Chatterjee Kshitij , Jillella Anusha , Hammond Drayton A.
Published: May 2018

Background: Intracavernosal injection of phenylephrine is a commonly used therapy for ischemic priapism and is typically well tolerated with few severe adverse side effects. We report a case of intracranial hemorrhage related to hypertensive emergency due to intracavernosal phenylephrine. Case Report: A 43-year-old Caucasian man with history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus type I, end-stage renal disease status post a combination kidney-pancreas transplant, and recurrent idiopathic priapism presented to emergency department with an episode of priapism. His home medications were lisinopril, metoprolol tartrate, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and tacrolimus. After local injection of 2 rounds (1 hour apart) of 100 µg phenylephrine into each corpus cavernosa, priapism resolved. Within 5 minutes, the patient had headaches, dyspnea, and excruciating chest pain. His blood pressure (BP) was noted to be 240/130 mm Hg but normalized spontaneously within few minutes. During this period, he developed new-onset right arm and leg weakness and found to have intracranial hemorrhage in the midbrain. Conclusion: A careful review for pharmacologic interactions should be performed prior to intracavernosal phenylephrine administration, and close monitoring should occur after its administration.