bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complementary use of analytical equations and numerical models for composite liner designs
Authors: Yu Y. , Hu W. , Rowe R. K.
Published: August 2024

The finite element (FE) method is used to identify limitations and extend the applicability of an analytical solution for leakage through holed wrinkles in composite liners. The limiting assumption in the analytical model is relaxed based on FE results, providing a means of obtaining good agreement through the two methods over a wide spectrum of cases. Despite the flexibility of the FE, the analytical model has the advantage of readily accommodating a wide range of dimensions and material properties that, even with a very large mesh, may be difficult to analyze using FE. In addition, the analytical equation is well-suited for Monte Carlo simulation. This is illustrated by the use of the modified analytical equation and the Monte Carlo simulations to compare the performance of two types of composite liners currently approved for use in Chinese landfills with a generic design in Canada and other parts of the world. It is shown that even with a relatively small number of holed wrinkles leakage through the geomembrane composite liner can differ by up to two orders of magnitude between composite liners considered to be equivalent. The paper also notes the need to revise regulations to reflect the evolution of knowledge.
La postura de los ministros de trabajo en Colombia entre 2018 y 2023 frente al contrato “cero horas”
Authors: Gómez García Natalia
Published: August 2024

El objetivo es analizar comparativamente la postura de los ministros de trabajo frente al contrato “cero horas” en Colombia durante 2018 y 2023. Como método de investigación se adoptó el análisis comparativo, para ello se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para definir y rastrear el desarrollo de este tipo de contratos en los últimos 6 años, así como una revisión normativa para identificar las leyes y regulación que rigen el trabajo en el país. La comparación entre ambos periodos se realizó a partir de tres variables: principio de progresividad, flexibilización laboral y desregularización laboral. En los resultados se encontró que Alicia Arango (2018-2020) abogó por la desregularización y la flexibilización laboral y sus declaraciones dejaron abierta la puerta a la posibilidad de implementar el contrato cero horas. Ángel Custodio Cabrera (2020-2022) asumió una postura más moderada debido a la emergencia sanitaria por Covid-19, aunque para hacer frente al desempleo causado por la pandemia, se mostró a favor de la flexibilización. Gloria Inés Ramírez (2022-actual) ha adoptado una postura más radical en la que los derechos de los trabajadores prevalecen por encima de otros intereses y se concluye que la política laboral durante 2018 y 2022 estaba más inclinada hacia la creación de empleo al flexibilizar las condiciones de los empresarios, lo que explicaría su afinidad con el contrato cero horas, mientras que, en el último año y medio esta cartera ha estrechado su cercanía con los sindicatos y los lineamientos de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) lo que daría razón sobre la falta de debate a propósito de este tipo de contratos en el país.
Metodología de investigación en Derecho y Literatura para la educación jurídica y derechos humanos
Authors: Avellaneda Vásquez Jainor
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de este artículo fue diseñar una metodología interdisciplinaria para la investigación en Derecho y Literatura, exactamente, sobre cómo la literatura puede potenciar la enseñanza-aprendizaje del derecho, promover la justicia y respeto de los derechos humanos. La metodología utilizada fue cualitativa interdisciplinaria de análisis documental con un alcance exploratorio-descriptivo y un método hermenéutico. Los resultados ofrecieron una guía metodológica que pondera el paradigma hermenéutico y crítico, el enfoque cualitativo, el alcance exploratorio, los métodos sociológico jurídico, comparativo jurídico, hermenéutico y estudio de caso, etc. Se destacó el estudio de caso al asumir a las obras literarias como casos, sujetos a un análisis teórico y una corroboración socio-contextual. Además, desde la vertiente del derecho en la literatura se resaltó a la literatura, de un lado, como recurso didáctico eficaz para la enseñanza del derecho, útil para promover la adopción de una conciencia jurídica crítica, constructiva y pragmática en los estudiantes; de otro lado, como mecanismo de protección de derechos humanos buscando que las violaciones contra estos sean conocidas y nunca olvidadas. En conclusión, la investigación en Derecho y Literatura es esencial y una propuesta metodológica le otorga un carácter científico y le proporciona una comprensión más amplia, humana y accesible del derecho.
Do great apes switch perspectives? Husserl, Tomasello, and operative intentionality
Authors: van Mazijk Corijn
Published: August 2024

In Becoming Human (2021), evolutionary psychologist Michael Tomasello provides a comprehensive account of the social intentionality which makes us human. One of the many themes discussed is the intentionality required for switching between perspectives. A number of interesting claims are made in these parts, including that great apes (and young infants) have no sense of perspective, no understanding of false beliefs, and do not know they could be wrong about how they experience things. While I am sympathetic to the general purport of Tomasello’s theory of switching perspectives, I believe his theory mispresents the intentional skills that are involved in various pre-conceptual forms of switching perspectives, to the extent that it is worth a brief commentary. I first outline Tomasello’s theory of perspectivalness, and subsequently develop an alternative, based on the phenomenological distinction between operative and thematic intentionality.
JAX-Sen: Mice selection criteria v1
Authors: Ramasamy Ramalakshmi , Alcoforado Diniz Juliana
Published: August 2024

We aim to select 12 mice (C57BL/6), 6 male and 6 female at 6 and 12 months of age, 3 mice in each age and sex group.
Liquid Growth Medium - Yeast v1
Authors: Hammer Mathias , Rossouw Ammeret , Lari Azra , Montpetit Ben , Grunwald David
Published: August 2024

This protocol describes the steps to prepare liquid culture medium for Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Infecting Cells with SeV or RSV in A549 or LLCMK2 cells v2
Authors: Lopez Carolina
Published: August 2024

Infection of SeV or RSV in A549 or LLCMK2 cells
Pre-Imaging Liquid Growth Medium for Methionine promoted Labeling Systems - Yeast v1
Authors: Hammer Mathias , Rossouw Ammeret , Lari Azra , Montpetit Ben , Grunwald David
Published: August 2024

This protocol describes the steps to prepare liquid culture medium for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This liquid medium is used to optimize yeast cultures for fluorescence imaging by the reduction of auto-fluorescence through an abundance of Adenine [1]. The surplus of Methionine in the medium represses the pp7-CP expression, which reduces the level of CP aggregates [2].
OSTAFIY DASZKOVYCH`S FAMILY
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lastovskyi Valerii
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the study and organization of all information concerning the family status of the famous military and political figure of the early sixteenth century Ostafy Dashkovich. He is best known for his work as mayor of Cherkasy and Kaniv in 1514-1535. Since this figure is largely mythologized, the same applies to her family status. Comparative, logical and structural-system methods were used to clarify this issue. A study of historiography has revealed that there is currently no generalized study on this topic. Many publications contain factual errors and incorrect conclusions. The reason for this was the lack of use of some historical sources. In particular, researchers practically ignored such documents as the Monuments of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra and St. Michael’s Golden-Domed Monastery. A comparative analysis of these and other documents allows us to express our opinion about the local origin of the Dashkovych family and their connections with the local elite. Issues related to the reflection in the sources of information about the father, mother, sister and nieces of Ostafy Dashkovich are considered in detail. It is believed that the authority of the elder became the basis for the creation of the authority of Prince Ostafy Ruzhynsky. There is also a version of the possibility of the existence of Ostafy Dashkovich at an earlier time. The reason for this is the material related to the Church of the Resurrection, the founder of which is traditionally considered to be Mr. Ostafy. The conclusions deny the possibility of the Tatar origin of the family of Ostafy Dashkovich and its kinship with the Belarusian noble families. Emphasis is placed on family relations primarily with noble families of Kyiv region.
LIFE AND LEISURE OF WOMEN IN UKRAINE ON THE PAGES OF THE JOURNAL «SOVIET WOMAN» (1965-1991)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Frusevych Alina , Kotsur Halyna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study is to outline the daily worries and concerns of women, as well as to highlight the ideal image of a Soviet woman, which appears in the pages of the magazine «Soviet Woman». The time frame of the study - 1965-1991. To solve this goal, the following methods are used: systems analysis, critical analysis, descriptive, historical-comparative, biographical, as well as methods of reconstruction, observation, and comparison. The article provides brief information about the periodical «Soviet Woman» and its features. Based on the processed publications the information on leisure and the life of the Soviet women is revealed and allocated. An attempt was made to reconstruct the image of the ideal Soviet woman, who combined a wife, a mother, a housewife, and a worker. Through the use of various information from different sections of the periodical, which related to life, motherhood, professional activities, family, leisure, appearance and fashion, everyday realities of women's lives, their domestic responsibilities to family and husband, was described the challenges and problems faced by women in everyday practice, as well information about the hobbies, skills, and preferences of different heroines. It is emphasized that the propagated image of the Soviet woman in the USSR in 1965-1991 within the limits of ideological clichés differed from the realities of women's everyday life. Most of the publications were presented in the context of reflecting the role of women in building a socialist society. The magazine, like other publications of the time, helped to shape the image of a new, Soviet woman - a worker, activist, fighter for a bright future. Accordingly, a woman was required to have a different system of behavior, to change the hierarchy of values ​​in both public and family life. Emphasis is made on the fact that the magazine «Soviet Woman» is an important historical source for the study of everyday life of Soviet women. Researchers in various fields turned to the periodical «Soviet Woman», studying the magazine's transformation, gender aspects, Soviet fashion, the image of the Soviet woman, child protection in the USSR, but never viewed it as a comprehensive source on the history of everyday life of Soviet women in Ukraine. The materials obtained from the study can be used in other studies, but with the involvement of a wide range of sources.
TO THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL SECURITY OF BULGARIAN AGRICULTURAL WOCES AFTER ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   National Transport University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Georgieva Mariya
Published: August 2024

The article considers the issue of social security of the rural population in Bulgaria after accession to the European Union. The peculiarities of the implemented measures of public authorities to improve the social protection of the rural population, in particular, those engaged in agricultural production, have been clarified. The influence of market transformations on the complex of social problems is analyzed. However, these processes were not easy, in conditions of instability, structural adjustment and was accompanied by a change in the production potential of the agricultural sector of the Bulgarian economy. With the introduction of qualitative changes in agricultural production in accordance with European requirements, it became necessary to improve social legislation and create socially necessary foundations for rural development. It is determined that without social support the problem of revival and development of the Bulgarian countryside cannot be solved. This support depended on many factors: the state of production of industrial and agricultural products, the pace and quality of agrarian reform, the activities of the social infrastructure of the village, the social policy of the state in the countryside. The author of the scientific article used the following research methods: the method of systematic analysis made it possible to study the issues of public administration in the field of social protection of the rural population of Bulgaria. In the process of summarizing information on the problem, which is considered in the proposed article. Comparative retrospective and historical methods were used to study aspects of the formation of the social policy system in the Bulgarian countryside. Thus, the study showed that the tasks were implemented and the following conclusions were made: the system of state social policy of Bulgaria was part of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union; improvement of public administration measures on the issue of social protection of the rural population was a necessary condition for the integration of the agricultural sector of the Bulgarian economy into the European space; reforming the social sphere of the Bulgarian countryside was to increase the competitiveness of the industry and improve the living standards of the rural population.
Terörizmde Sırada Ne Var? Yeni Bir Terörizm Dalgasına Yol Alırken
Authors: Kurt Selim
Published: August 2024

Siyasal amaçlı şiddet kullanımı olarak özetlenebilecek olan terörizme dayanak oluşturan fikirler zaman içinde dönüşmüştür. Bu dönüşümü açıklama amacı güden teorilerden biri olan ve David C. Rapoport tarafından ortaya atılan “dalga teorisi” modern terörizmin günümüze kadar dört dalga halinde ilerlediğini iddia etmektedir. Dördüncü dalga ise halen içinde bulunduğumuz “dini dalga”dır. Kendisinden önceki dalgalardan gerek motivasyon gerekse organizasyon, hedef seçimi, eylem sahası, kullanılan taktikler ve teknolojinin etkin kullanımı gibi hususlarda önemli farklılıklar arz ettiği için bu dalgayı “yeni terörizm” olarak nitelendirenler de bulunmaktadır. Yukarıda belirtilen niteliklerdeki farklılaşmanın en belirgin olarak görüldüğü olay ise hiç şüphesiz 11 Eylül saldırılarıdır. 2023 yılına ait Global Terör Endeksi raporunda ise dini motivasyonlu terör örneklerinin zirve yaptığı 2016 yılından bu yana yüzde 95 oranında azaldığına dikkat çekilmekte olup, bu durum “şimdi sırada ne var?” sorusunu akıllara getirmektedir. Yakın dönemdeki terör eylemleri incelendiğinde ise ideolojik çeşitlilik, merkeziyetsizleşme ve bireyselleşme, dezenformasyon ve ölümcüllük gibi nitelikleriyle ön plana çıkan yeni bir terörizm dalgasının doğuşuna şahitlik edildiği görülmektedir.
Preparing for a Diagnostic Interview of People with Mental and Speech Disorders, Using Augmentative and Alternative Communication. Case Study
Authors: Karanevskaya O.V. , Sisneva M.E.
Published: August 2024

Objectives. Conducting diagnostic assessment of people with mental disorders who do not use speech as the main mean of communication is closely related to evaluating their abilities (communicative, social, cognitive) for participating in an interview, including their readiness to use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). To evaluate these capabilities and form the communicative involvement of respondents, research was carried out on the selection of AAC tools at the preparatory stage of the diagnostic interview to determine their degree of independence and required assistance.

Methods. The study involved 50 respondents aged 17 to 58 years with intellectual disabilities, autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, living in psycho-neurological residential facilities. Their mental states and specifics of speech disorders varied. To achieve the research objectives, the case method was chosen. In addition to AAC tools and visual aids, directed observation, a learning game situation, and implementation of practical tasks were used. The results were recorded as case study.

Results. The necessary materials for the successful conduct of the interview’s preparatory stage were selected: objects, im ages, and symbols. The tasks of the preparatory stage were formulated: explaining the purposes of the interview, obtaining consent, identifying available methods of communication, providing communicative support, and training to use communi cative symbols. It was revealed that, due to an individual differentiated approach, the case method is effective in achieving the goals of the interview’s preparatory stage and ensuring the direct participation of respondents in the interview.

Conclusions. Direct participation in a diagnostic interview of respondents with mental disorders who do not use speech as the main means of communication can be ensured by organizing the preparatory stage of the interview. During this stage, the optimal AAC and visual aids for each respondent were selected, and additional training opportunities for new AAC tools were used. As a result, recommendations were prepared for the residential facilities on their further work with respondents, the success of which needs to be verified.
Communication Training for Young People with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Evidence-Based Study
Authors: Fomina E.A. , Suvorova I.Y.
Published: August 2024

Objectives. Psycho-educational programs for children and young people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are aimed to train social and daily skills. The value of emotional exchange often remains outside the focus of teachers. However, the depression and self-harmful behavior experienced by young people with ASD are explained as a lack of social motivation and internal emptiness. The goal of present article is to evaluate the effectiveness of communication training as a safe space for emotional exchange.

Methods. The training is based on the idea of communication as a complex process of interaction, the dynamics of which is influenced by the experience of different type of relationships: mother-child, child-family, child-school, etc. The training involves work through each level of interaction. The trainig effectiveness was evaluated using a formative experiment aimed at assessment of changes in communication of young people with ASD. The experimental sample included 25 people with ASD aged 20 to 25 years (M = 22.7; SD = 1.7), 5 persons in each group. The control sample also included 25 people aged 21 to 25 years (M = 23.3; SD = 1.43). All participants are male. For the primary and control sections, observation units were developed: frequency of violation of social norms, number of completed communicative acts and frequency of social stress. For statistical processing, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wil coxon W test were used.

Results. Using the Wilcoxon W test, the effectiveness of the impact of communicative training on the experimental group was proven: violation of social norms (W = 325; p ≤ 0.01; d = 2.04), completed communicative acts (W = 115; p ≤ 0.01; d = 0.89), social stress (W = 244; p ≤ 0.01; d = 1.04). Using the Mann-Whitney U test, the insignificance of the influence of group dynamics on the training effectiveness indicators in the control group was proven: violation of social norms (U = 615; p ≤ 0.01; d = 3.24), completed communicative acts (U = 184, 5; p ≤ 0.01; d = 0.86), social stress (U = 453.5; p ≤ 0.01; d = 0.93).

Conclusions. Consistent processing of experiences at the level of relationships: mother — child, child — family, child — school, etc. became an effective method for developing communication skills in young people with ASD. In the future, it is necessary to check the duration of the effect after the end of the training, as well as the transfer the acquired skills to other areas of life.
Development of the Independence and Self-Regulation in Music Sessions for Adolescents with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Konstantinova I.S.
Published: August 2024

Objectives. In psycho-educational work with adolescents who have disabilities, the focus lies on fostering independence. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the successful development of self-regulation and independence skills among adolescents with disabilities participating in music classes within the pre-vocational guidance and socialization group at the Center for Curative Pedagogy.

Methods. Based on an individual and environmental approach, an environment for the development and upbringing of children was developed. Each adolescent was assessed twice a year. We used: participant observation of behavior and activity, neuropsychological and speech therapy examinations. The results were recorded in a Dynamic Observation Card based on the Portage Guide to Early Education, which included sections: social situation, emotional contact, play activity, behavior and interaction, motor skills, sensory sphere, speech and communication, cognitive abilities, self-care skills, and independence skills were assessed using the adapted I.C.A.N. scale (self-care skills, housekeeping, budget, use of money, communication skills with others, use of communication tools, concepts of time, general professional skills). Participants — 11 teenagers (5 girls, 6 boys) 10—15 years old with various developmental disorders, who attended a pre-vocational guidance and socialization group. Music classes were held weekly in a group format.

Results. After a year of visiting the group, positive changes were recorded among the participants: increased activity, independence, strengthened self-control, etc. A number of factors that determined the positive dynamics were identified and described in detail: providing an accessible method of communication, an individual approach to organizing classes, to the formation of a repertoire, thoughtful organization of interaction between participants, spatiotemporal organization of the environment, diversity of musical and behavioral repertoire.

Conclusions. Music classes, conducted on the basis of individual and environmental approaches using Alternative Augmentative Communication, allow teenagers with developmental disabilities to be included in the process of general musical activity and have a positive impact on the development of behavior regulation capabilities, increased activity and independence.
The Well-being of Particularly Vulnerable Categories of Children: Based on the Results of the Scientific and Practical Conference
Authors: Omelchenko A.S. , Kolesnikova U.V.
Published: August 2024

The article was prepared based on the results of the international scientific and practical conference “Child welfare: from scientific research to practical application in the interests of children”, held in November 2023. Presentations by specialists from various regions of the country within the framework of the session “Welfare of particularly vulnerable categories of children” were devoted to the study of factors affecting the well-being of particularly vulnerable groups of children, conducting monitoring, identifying targets of assistance, as well as implementing support programs. The importance of information and educational work for the formation of a positive attitude of society towards foster children and families, children with lifelong medical diagnoses was noted. The research results have shown how important it is to involve children in assessing their own well-being. This approach not only strengthens their voice, but also contributes to a better and more individualized support for families raising children of this category. With regard to children of particularly vulnerable categories, conclusions are drawn about the additional importance of environmental factors (micro, macro, meso levels) for the formation of a sense of well-being, as well as about the influence on well-being of specific factors related to the child’s previous life, peculiarities of socio-psychological development, medical diagnosis and many others. In turn, this leads to the fact that not only development, but also stabilization and preservation can be an indicator of well-being.
Criteria for Assessing the Quality of Life in Projects Supporting Adolescents and Young Adults with Mental Disabilities and Severe Multiple Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Zhulina Yu.A.
Published: August 2024

Criteria for assessing the quality of life of adolescents and young adults with mental disabilities and severe multiple developmental disabilities should take into account their needs, limitations and individual characteristics. This article describes the experience of evaluating the effectiveness of support programs through the analysis of changes in indicators of spatial and temporal orientation, social, communicative, craft skills and emotional-volitional sphere, based on systematic supervision of specialists and keeping a development diary. It is shown that such an approach to assessing the well-being of wards allows you to identify support targets in time and thereby contribute to the development of their independence skills and successful socialization.
An Inside Look: Assessing the Well-being of Palliative Care Children
Authors: Kuznetsova Y.Y.
Published: August 2024

In most cases, self-assessment techniques are used to assess the well-being of children, however, more than 75% of palliative respondents cannot assess their well-being due to the limitations associated with the disease. The article considers an approach to assessing the well-being of palliative children based on the analysis of the dynamics of their development and improvement of emotional relationships in the family. As part of the study, communication passports were developed for children with communication restrictions, special classes were held aimed at improving child-parent relations and preventing emotional burnout. A total of 40 children took part in the study. The assessment of child-parent relations was carried out only among children living in families. It has been shown that improving family relationships has a beneficial effect on the dynamics of respondents’ development.
Assessment of the Well-being of Adolescents Living with HIV through a Mentoring Program
Authors: Bryanskaya M.S. , Galtsova P.S. , Efremova V.S.
Published: August 2024

This article presents the results of a study of the well-being of adolescents living with HIV participating in a mentoring program. The specifics of working with adolescents with the human immunodeficiency virus are described. The material allows you to get an idea of the factors affecting the well-being of adolescents, tools and ways to evaluate the indicator. The decisions that were made based on the results are given.
Gangguan Skizofrenia Ditinjau melalui Pendekatan Neuropsikologi
Authors: Muhammad Aldwin Priyatama  , Natasya Azahra  , Laila Indra Lestari
Published: August 2024

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects an individual's thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Data indicates that the prevalence of schizophrenia in Indonesia is relatively high. This research aims to examine schizophrenia from a neuropsychological perspective, with a focus on the need for information regarding schizophrenia and its impact on the behavior of individuals with the condition. The research employs a literature review method. Based on the findings of the conducted research, it is evident that the causes of schizophrenia are primarily attributed to biological factors such as monozygotic twins, psychosocial factors, and environmental factors. Individuals with schizophrenia have abnormal brain. Abnormalities in brain structure among individuals with schizophrenia include white matter structure, decreased volume in the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, and intracranial volume, hypoactivation in the left frontal lobe, as well as decreased electrical potential in the parietal lobe. When the brain, which typically functions cohesively, experiences abnormal structural conditions, it impacts the overall functioning of the brain and subsequently affects the behavior of individuals with schizophrenia. Abnormalities in brain structure lead to changes in cognitive function, memory, the limbic system, executive system, and abnormalities in the release of dopamine and serotonin.
AbstrakSkizofrenia merupakan gangguan jiwa berat yang memengaruhi pikiran, perasaan, dan perilaku individu. Data menunjukkan bahwa penderita skizofrenia di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji gangguan skizofrenia ditinjau melalui perspektif neuropsikologi dan urgensi pada penelitian ini terletak pada kebutuhan akan informasi mengenai skizofrenia dan pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku penderitanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan bahwa penyebab dari skizofrenia secara garis besar disebabkan oleh faktor biologis seperti kembar monozigot, psikososial, dan lingkungan. Penderita skizofrenia memiliki struktur otak abnormal. Abnormalitas struktur otak pada pengidap skizofrenia mencakup struktur white matter, penurunan volume pada hipokampus, amigdala, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, volume intrakranial, hipoaktivasi pada lobus frontal kiri, dan penurunan potensial listrik pada lobus parietal. Otak yang pada dasarnya bekerja secara bersamaan ketika strukturnya mengalami kondisi yang abnormal akan memengaruhi sistem kerjanya secara keseluruhan sehingga berpengaruh pada perilaku penderita skizofrenia. Abnormalitas pada struktur pada otak menyebabkan perubahan pada fungsi kognitif, memori, sistem limbik, sistem eksekutif, dan abnormalitas pada pelepasan dopamin dan serotonin.
Krisis pada Quarter-life, Peran Dukungan Sosial dalam Membantu melewatinya
Authors: Amelia Dwi Rahmah  , Ulfa Masfufah
Published: August 2024

Humans face a variety of challenges and developmental journeys in every phase of life, including the emerging adulthood phase or at 18-25 years old, in which individuals build relationships, commit themselves to life's goals, and develop themselves. The shift from adolescence to adulthood frequently gives rise to doubt and unease, leading to a period of uncertainty known as a quarter-life crisis. This article aims to explore the role of social support from various sources affecting individuals who are experiencing quarter-life crises during the emerging adulthood phase. The research method used in the study of literature examines 10 journal articles that are relevant to the author's research. The data used in this research is secondary data, which is a type of data obtained indirectly. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively and thematically to describe findings in the literature and to identify key themes as well as relationships between information. The results show that the social support role of family, peers, and surroundings has a positive impact on reducing the rate of quarter-life crises in individuals between the ages of 18 and early 30 years.
AbstrakManusia menghadapi berbagai tantangan dan perjalanan perkembangan dalam setiap fase kehidupan, termasuk dalam tahap emerging adulthood, dimana individu menjalin hubungan, berkomitmen pada tujuan hidup, dan mengembangkan diri. Peralihan dari remaja ke dewasa seringkali menimbulkan ketidakpastian dan kecemasan, memuncak dalam krisis pada quarter-life. Krisis ini dipicu oleh tuntutan dan tanggung jawab peralihan, serta tekanan sosial. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran dukungan sosial sehingga mampu memengaruhi individu yang sedang mengalami krisis pada quarter-life selama tahap emerging adulthood. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa studi literatur menelaah 10 artikel jurnal yang relevan dengan kata kunci. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder, merupakan jenis data yang diperoleh secara tidak langsung. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan tematik untuk menggambarkan temuan dalam literatur dan mengidentifikasi tema-tema utama serta hubungan antar informasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diamati bahwa adanya peran dukungan sosial dari keluarga, teman sebaya, dan lingkungan sekitar memiliki pengaruh positif dalam mengurangi tingkat krisis pada quarter-life pada individu yang berusia antara 18 hingga awal 30 tahun.
Literature Review Perilaku Prososial: Faktor Pengaruh, Manfaat, dan Penelitian Perilaku Prososial di Indonesia
Authors: Zanjabila Ubaida  , Mutia Husna Avezahra
Published: August 2024

Prosocial behavior is one of the most important behaviors in social life. In practice, there are a variety of influencing factors that can lead to variations in the level of prosocial behavior in different cultures or countries. This study aims to review the influence factors of prosocial behavior, the impacts, and benefits of prosocial behavior, and to review research related to prosocial behavior in Indonesia. This study reviews and systematically reviews ten articles on the theme of prosocial behavior using different methodologies and approaches. From the literature review that has been conducted, there are several factors that influence the level of individual prosocial behavior, namely parental expectations, empathy, target power, and parenting patterns in the individual's early development phase. Then, prosocial behavior has an impact or benefit, namely it can increase the level of happiness in individuals to be one factor that can be a predictor in the formation of close and warm relationships between mothers and children. In addition, research related to prosocial behavior conducted in Indonesia shows that there are no significant differences in the level of prosocial behavior in Indonesian society, even though Indonesia is a country with a variety of values and cultures.
AbstrakPerilaku prososial merupakan salah satu perilaku yang penting ada di dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Dalam praktiknya, terdapat berbagai macam faktor pengaruh yang dapat menyebabkan variasi pada tingkat perilaku prososial di budaya atau negara yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas terkait faktor pengaruh dari perilaku prososial, manfaat dari perilaku prososial, serta mengulas terkait penelitian perilaku prososial di Indonesia. Penelitian ini meninjau serta mengulas secara sistematik sepuluh artikel dengan tema perilaku prososial yang menggunakan metodologi serta pendekatan yang berbeda. Dari literatur review yang telah dilakukan, terdapat beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat perilaku prososial individu, yaitu parental expectations, empati, target’s power, dan pola pengasuhan di fase perkembangan awal individu. Kemudian, perilaku prososial memiliki manfaat yaitu dapat meningkatkan tingkat kebahagiaan pada individu menjadi salah satu faktor yang dapat menjadi pemrediksi dalam terbentuknya hubungan yang akrab dan hangat antara ibu anaknya. Selain itu, penelitian terkait perilaku prososial yang dilakukan di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada tingkat perilaku prososial pada masyarakat Indonesia meskipun Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan variasi nilai serta kebudayaan.
Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Perilaku Bunuh Diri pada Remaja: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
Authors: Hardinata Jesicha Ramadhani Puteri , Ulfa Masfufah
Published: August 2024

Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood. One aspect of development in adolescents is socio-emotional. If teenagers do not adapt to the changes that occur, they will have difficulty making choices, so when faced with problems, teenagers are unable to solve them. This article uses a research design that uses a literature review method from journal articles. The object of this research is the risk factors for suicidal behavior experienced by adolescents. The literature review was carried out from national journal articles. Searching for journal articles published in the 2018-2023 period using Google Scholar with several keywords, filtering was carried out using several criteria, namely articles showing a match with teenage suicidal behavior, the presence of suicidal behavior described in the article, and showing the underlying factors. Adolescents have suicidal behavior. Based on the results of literature studies, it is known that the risk factors for suicidal behavior in adolescents consist of three main factors: family, peers, and psychology. Low parental attention contributes to the risk of suicidal behavior in adolescents. Peer relationships and psychological factors such as mental disorders also play an important role.
AbstrakRemaja merupakan masa peralihan dari masa kanak-kanan menuju dewasa. Salah satu aspek perkembangan pada remaja, yaitu sosio-emosional. Jika remaja tidak berhasil beradaptasi dengan perubahan yang terjadi, remaja akan mengalami kesulitan untuk menentukan pilihan sehingga ketika menghadapi permasalahan remaja tidak mampu untuk menyelesaikannya. Artikel ini menggunakan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kajian literatur (literature review) dari artikel jurnal. Objek penelitian ini adalah faktor-faktor risiko perilaku bunuh diri yang dialami oleh remaja. Literature review dilakukan berasal dari artikel jurnal nasional. Pencarian artikel jurnal yang digunakan terbit pada rentan tahun 2018-2023 menggunakan Google Scholar dengan beberapa kata kunci, dilakukan penyaringan dengan beberapa kriteria, yakni artikel menunjukkan kecocokan dengan perilaku bunuh diri remaja, adanya perilaku bunuh diri yang dijelaskan pada artikel, dan menunjukkan faktor yang mendasari remaja memiliki perilaku bunuh diri. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur, diketahui bahwa faktor risiko terjadinya perilaku bunuh diri pada remaja terdiri dari tiga faktor utama, yaitu keluarga, teman sebaya, dan psikologis. Perhatian orang tua yang rendah, berkontribusi terhadap risiko perilaku bunuh diri pada remaja. Hubungan teman sebaya dan faktor psikologis seperti gangguan mental juga memainkan peran penting.
Coping Mechanism Remaja Akhir Pasca Putus Cinta
Authors: Sitompul Rianti Natasya , Rakhmaditya Dewi Noorrizki
Published: August 2024

The problem of adolescents' helplessness in coping with stress is a problem that can interest researchers to examine more deeply because adolescents who cannot cope tend to harm themselves, such as attempting suicide. This study aims to understand coping mechanisms after a breakup in late adolescence. The research method used in this study is a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The subjects of this study were five adolescents aged nineteen to twenty years who were students at the State University of Malang and had experienced or were currently experiencing a breakup. This study shows that five subjects going through a breakup or have experienced a breakup use problem-focused, emotion-focused, meaning-focused, and social coping (seeking support). Based on the results of the interviews that have been conducted, three subjects use problem-focused coping; one subject uses emotion-focused coping, and one subject uses meaning-focused and social coping, where the subject manages the meaning of the situation and seeks emotional support from friends or family.
AbstrakMasalah ketidakberdayaan remaja dalam mengatasi stres adalah permasalahan yang dapat menarik minat peneliti untuk menelaah lebih dalam dikarenakan remaja yang tidak bisa melakukan coping cenderung untuk menyakiti diri, seperti mencoba untuk bunuh diri. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk memahami coping mechanism setelah putus cinta pada remaja akhir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah lima remaja yang berusia sembilan belas tahun hingga dua puluh tahun, merupakan mahasiswa di Universitas Negeri Malang dengan kategori pernah atau sedang mengalami putus cinta. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lima subjek yang sedang putus cinta atau sudah mengalami putus cinta menggunakan strategi coping berfokus pada masalah, coping berfokus pada emosi, coping berfokus pada makna, dan coping sosial (mencari dukungan). Berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang telah dilakukan, tiga subjek menggunakan coping yang berfokus pada masalah, satu subjek menggunakan coping yang berfokus pada emosi, satu subjek menggunakan coping yang berfokus pada makna dan sosial, yang dimana subjek mengelola makna situasi dan mencari dukungan emosional dari teman atau keluarga.
Peningkatan Adiksi Internet Selama Pandemi COVID-19 Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Psikologi Sosial
Authors: Annisyah Rahmania Rayhan  , Alvania Claresta Sarah Christian  , Afi Rizqi Zakaria  , Mochammad Sa’id
Published: August 2024

Pemberlakuan berbagai kebijakan sebagai respon dari penyebaran pandemi COVID-19 di seluruh dunia yang bertujuan untuk mencegah bertambahnya angka pasien positif COVID-19 ini menimbulkan berbagai macam dampak. Salah satunya adalah naiknya angka adiksi atau kecanduan internet. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah guna mengetahui bagaimana pandangan ilmu psikologi sosial dalam melihat kenaikan angka kecanduan internet yang terjadi selama pandemi COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksplanasif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab yang berkorelasi dengan kenaikan angka kecanduan internet ini adalah faktor psikologis dan tujuan serta motivasi dari penggunaan internet itu sendiri. Teori lainnya yang dapat menjelaskan kenaikan tersebut adalah social exchange and interdependence theory, fearful attachment style, dan social comparison theory. Agar angka kecanduan internet ini tidak semakin bertambah, kita dapat menekannya dengan melakukan usaha kontrol diri baik secara mandiri maupun dengan bantuan orang lain di mana upaya tersebut akan semakin maksimal apabila dibarengi dengan motivasi yang kuat dan efikasi diri yang positif.
AbstractThe implementation of various policies in response to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic around the world was carried out to prevent an increase in the number of positive COVID-19 patients from causing various kinds of impacts, one of which is increasing the number of internet addictions. The purpose of this research was to find out how social psychology considered the increasing number of internet addictions. The method is used for explanatory purposes with a qualitative approach. The analysis results show that the causative factors that correlate with the increase in the number of internet addictions are psychological factors and the purpose and motivation of using the internet. Other theories that can explain the increase are social exchange and interdependence theory, fearful attachment theory, and social comparison theory. We can prevent an increase in the number of Internet addictions by exercising self-control, both independently and with the assistance of others. If there is strong motivation and positive self-efficacy, these efforts will be maximized.
Literature Review: Eksplorasi Perbedaan Ideologi Peran Gender di Berbagai Lingkup Kehidupan dalam Perspektif Lintas Budaya
Authors: Safira Calfina Izzumi  , Mutia Husna Avezahra
Published: August 2024

Gender adalah ekspektasi peran sosial terbentuk akibat pengalaman dan budaya yang berkembang. Ekspektasi peran gender sangat beragam sesuai dengan budaya yang berkembang di wilayah setempat. Perilaku gender ini tidak terlepas dari konteks sosiokultural, yakni menyesuaikan dengan tempat individu tinggal dan berkembang. Tujuan studi literatur ini untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan ideologi peran gender dari perspektif lintas budaya. Temuan dari studi literatur ini dapat diimplikasikan dalam manfaat praktis, kebijakan, dan penelitian selanjutnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah studi literatur melalui database online journal yaitu Google Scholar. Perbedaan ideologi peran gender terlibat dalam berbagai aspek seperti niat kewirausahaan, ekonomi, pendidikan, aktivitas agrikultural, self-esteem, dan aktivitas yang dilakukan saat waktu luang. Peran gender dapat kaku dan fleksibel tergantung keadaan. Norma terhadap gender seringkali berbeda dalam lintas generasi, bidang ilmu dalam perkuliahan, kelompok etnik dan kultural, dan wilayah geografis. Di berbagai negara, perbedaan gender akan tetap melekat pada masyarakat akibat keyakinan mengenai peran gender yang sudah tertanam. Namun di sisi lain, perkembangan kesetaraan gender mulai terlihat dengan berkurangnya dominasi laki-laki serta perempuan yang semakin menunjukkan eksistensinya.
AbstrakGender is a social role expectations are formed due to experience and developing culture. Gender role expectations vary greatly according to the culture that develops in the local area. Gender behavior cannot be separated from the sociocultural context, namely adapting to where the individual lives and develops. The method used in this article is a literature study through an online journal database, namely Google Scholar. This literature study aims to determine differences in gender role ideology from a cross-cultural perspective. The findings from this literature study can have implications for practical benefits, policies, and further research. Differences in gender role ideologies involve various aspects such as entrepreneurial intentions, economics, education, agricultural activities, self-esteem, and activities carried out in free time. Gender roles can be rigid and flexible depending on circumstances. Norms regarding gender often differ across generations, fields of study, ethnic and cultural groups, and geographic regions. In various countries, gender differences will remain embedded in society due to ingrained beliefs about gender roles. On the other hand, developments in gender equality are starting to be seen with the reduction of male dominance and women increasingly showing their existence.