bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of AI in Teaching International Business: Making Online Lecturing More Inclusive and Interactive
Authors: Grib Maxim , Kirste Laura , Holtbrügge Dirk
Published: December 2024

Online video lectures often represent a passive way of learning which does not fit the needs of a diverse group of students. To tackle this issue, we present a comprehensive structure of an AI-powered international management course with specific technical features (e.g., voice and transcript translation) to create a more personalized and inclusive learning experience. Furthermore, we discuss the risks of the digital divide among students and how IB educators could address them by proper AI integration. For this purpose, we provide three practical steps for educators – assess, evaluate, and engage – to optimize their courses using the AI tools introduced in this paper.
Environmental Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals from Dust and Soil of Some Health Centers in Rutba City, Western Iraq
Authors: Kareem Abu Baker , Abed Mahmood , Taha Taher
Published: December 2024

In this study, three sites were chosen as six samples were collected, three of them were for indoor dust (inside the buildings), and the other three for outdoor soil (garden soil), for three health centers (Al-Rutba Health Center, Daraama Health Center, Al-Hara Health Center), to evaluate the danger of environmental heavy elements in some health centers of the city of Al-Rutba, Western Anbar. The analysis of the samples using XRF to measure the percentage of heavy element concentrations, and by applying the equations of three factors pollution factor, pollution degree index, and geo accumulation index. According to the results of the level of pollution factor (CF), it was found that the first site (Al-Rutba Health Center) is contaminated with the elements Ni, Br, and Mo in comparison with the global percentage of pollution with heavy elements, it was found that the level of a high pollution factor is very high. The results of the second site (Al-Daraama Health Center) were also contaminated with the elements Ni, Br, and Mo. Compared with the global proportions of pollution with heavy elements, it was found that the pollution rate, in addition to the Zn has a very high pollution rate. The third site (Al-Hara Health Center) is contaminated with elements Mo, Br, and Zn and has a high pollution rate, in addition to the Ag with a very high pollution rate. The results of the pollution degree index (Cdeg) showed that all three centers are polluted, and compared to the global rates of heavy metal pollution, it was found that they have a very high level of pollution Cdeg of more than 32. The results of the Igeo indicator also showed that the Daraama Health Center is contaminated with Zn, as it was very high, and Al Hara Health Center is contaminated with Zn and Ag, where it was very high.
Soil Change Detection and Contamination Assessment of Some Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils at Abu-Alkhasib, Basra Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Al Hawi Nagham , Al-Muhamed Rafed , Al-Ali Ali
Published: December 2024

Advanced remote sensing techniques are a powerful tool for monitoring changes that occur over specific periods and providing useful results in soil pollution issues, which are becoming an increasingly important problem worldwide. The study aims to detect changes in vegetation cover between 2014-2022 and assess heavy metal elements contamination in the soils at the center of the Abu-Alkhasib district. Normalized Differences Vegetation Index (NDVI) was applied to three images of Landsat8/Oli for 2014,2018, and Landsat 9/TIRS for 2022. Ten soil samples were collected from many locations (Tareeq Aljalabi, Kut-Alfadj, Alsankar, Nahr Khuz, Jecor, BabTawil, Abu Mughirah, Hay-Alaskary, Kut Al-Selhi, and Mhejiran) to analyze five heavy metals elements (Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Iron, and Copper) in addition, two factors have been measured Enrichment Factor (EF) and Contamination Factor (CF) to assess the contamination by heavy metals elements. NDVI results showed evident changes in the vegetation cover area,classified as poor vegetation. The concentration of heavy elements is extremely low and below the global limits. The EF values revealed a significant amount of Chromium and Copper due to increased fuel and factory waste combustion. In contrast, CF values indicated that the soils are lightly contaminated with heavy elements.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA PADA SEKOLAH PENGGERAK TINGKAT SMA DI KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR
Authors: Sumartono Sumartono , Yuliani Febri , Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan kurikulum merdeka pada Sekolah Penggerak Tingkat SMA di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Serta untuk mengetahui Hambatan dalam mengimplementasikan kurikulum merdeka pada Sekolah Penggerak Tingkat SMA di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Jenis penelitian ini adalah desktiptif kualitatif dengan analisis Grindle yang terdiri atas isi kebijakan (content of policy) dan lingkungan implementasi (context of implementation). Lokasi penelitian adalah SMAN 1 Bagan Sinembah dan SMAN 2 Pujud. Informan penelitian berjumlah 10 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka pada Sekolah Penggerak Tingkat SMA di Rokan Hilir belum sepenuhnya berjalan sesuai dengan Kepmendikbudristek RI No.56/M/2022 Tentang Pedoman Penerapan Kurikulum  dalam Rangka Pemulihan Pembelajaran karena pelaksanaan kurikulum tersebut baru diimplementasikan dalam kurun waktu 2 tahun terakhir. Hambatan-hambatan yang terjadi dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum merdeka pada Sekolah Penggerak Tinggat SMA di Kabupaten Rokan Hilir adalah Kurangnya sumber daya manusia yaitu Guru Penggerak yang ada pada sekolah sehingga implementasi tidak dapat berjalan maksimal. Masih minimnya pengetahuan dan literasi guru-guru dalam memahami dan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis digitalisasi. Fasilitas sekolah yang masih minim, seperti masih kurangnya ruang laboratorium, akses internet juga menjadi kendala dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum
Characterization of Al2O3 Coating on AISI 316 Stainless Steel Using Polyaniline (PANI) Synthesis Method
Authors: Rahmanda Tatagraha , Sulistyo  , Suprihanto Agus , Muhammad Luthfi Bayhaqi
Published: December 2024

Stainless steel exhibits corrosion resistance under ordinary atmospheric conditions; however, corrosion attacks can occur at certain temperatures. Ceramic material coatings are required to improve the corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures. This study aimed to coat stainless steel with Polyaniline/Al2O3/Epoxy and Polyaniline/Al2O3/Al/Epoxy. The research methodology includes sanding specimens with dimensions of 40 mm x 40 mm x 1.5 mm using 60-grit sand paper. The Polyaniline/Al2O3/Epoxy slurry was prepared with an Al2O3 to Polyaniline powder ratio of 3:7. For every 1 gram of Polyaniline/Al2O3 mixture, 15 mL of epoxy was added as the binder. The slurry was applied to the substrate using the wet spraying method, with a spray gun nozzle distance of 100 mm from the substrate and a spraying pressure of 2 bar. The adhesion of the coatings was evaluated using a Hot-Cross-Hatch Adhesion tester. Adhesion tests were conducted on unsanded and sanded substrate specimens. The surface roughness of the unsanded specimen was 0.374 μm, while the sanded specimen showed a surface roughness of 1.521 μm. The hot cross-hatch adhesion tester adhesion test results showed no delamination for the sanded specimens, while the unsanded specimens delaminated by 2.163%.
Improvement of 5G Telecommunication Network Using Adaptive Artificial Intelligent Based Antenna Technology
Authors: Ifeagwu E.N.  , Ihekeremma A.U. Ejimofor,
Published: December 2024

The swift growth of 5G communication networks necessitates creative approaches to improve dependability, effectiveness, and performance. This paper investigates how to enhance 5G network capabilities through the integration of antenna technology based on adaptive artificial intelligence (AI). Complicated and dynamic settings are frequently too difficult for conventional static antenna setups to handle. Adaptive antennas can dynamically modify their characteristics, such as beamforming and power regulation, in real-time to maximize signal quality and coverage by utilizing AI methods, such as machine learning and deep learning. Using both simulations and in-field testing, the study assesses how AI-based adaptive antennas affect important performance measures including spectrum efficiency, latency, bit-error rate and network throughput. The findings show that 5G networks’ capacity and flexibility are greatly increased by AI-based adaptive antenna systems, making them more resistant to changing environmental factors and user density. This technology is expected to play a major role in enabling 5G and beyond network realization.
Yaşlı Bireylerde E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı ve Polifarmasi Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Deniz Elif , Duman İbrahim
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Toplumun yaşlanmasıyla birlikte koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri ve kronik hastalıkların takibi açısından yaşlı bireylerin e-sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinin belirlenmesi son derece önemlidir. Bu araştırma, yaşlı bireylerin e-sağlık okuryazarlığı ve polifarmasi arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel araştırma, 15 Aralık 2023-15 Şubat 2024 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin geriatri polikliniğine başvuran 315 yaşlı birey ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmış, IBM SPSS Statistics V 26 ile analiz edilmiştir. Analizde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Kolmogorov-Smirnov normallik testi, t testi, ANOVA ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan yaşlı bireylerin yaş ortalaması 70,34±5,66 olup, %27’sinde polifarmasi saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği puan ortalaması 20,82±9,15’tir ve bu puan yaş, eğitim durumu, yaşanılan yer, internet kullanım süresi, kronik hastalık varlığı ve sağlık kurumuna gitme sıklığı gibi faktörlerden etkilenmiştir. Katılımcıların günlük internet kullanım süresi ortalaması 2,13±1,19 saat olup, E-Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği puanlarının internet kullanımı ile orta düzeyde pozitif (r=0,487, p=0,001), yaş ve kronik hastalık sayısı ile düşük düzeyde negatif (r=-0,235 ve r=-0,149, p=0,001) korelasyon gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Yaşlı bireylerin e-sağlık okuryazarlığının düşük düzeyde olduğu ve bu düşük okuryazarlık düzeyinin polifarmasi ile ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Yaşlı bireylerin e-sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyinin artırılması ve polifarmasinin olumsuz etkilerinin azaltması için eğitim programları planlanmalı ve ortak hedefler oluşturulmalıdır.
Using Information Technology Management with Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Alzoubi Nadia
Published: December 2024

Objective: The priority ticket and request for charge are crucial services and activities in any organization that must be considered based on their significance.
 
Theoretical Framework: Information technology management (ITM) is the process of supervising and controlling an organization's information technology systems, which includes software, hardware, and network, with the goal of improving the effectiveness of information systems.
 
Method: This study utilized four Artificial Intelligence techniques: multilayer perceptron, decision tree, K closest neighbor, and random forest. Next, we utilized the dataset obtained from the Kaggle website that pertains to the ITM field.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings indicated that the Random Forest (RF) and Decision Tree (DT) algorithms exhibited superior performance in the initial experiment, however all algorithms yielded identical results in the subsequent experiment.
 
Research Implications: We proceed by addressing missing values, transforming feature types into appropriate formats, and standardizing the data. Additionally, we employed four assessment metrics to evaluate the performance of the algorithms: accuracy, f1-score, recall, and precision. Lastly, we conducted two experiments: the first one will include predicting priority tickets, while the second one will focus on anticipating requests for charges.
 
Originality/Value: This paper applied four Artificial Intelligence techniques: random forest, decision tree, K nearest neighbor, and multilayer perceptron. Then, we obtained the dataset from the Kaggle website related to the ITM field and applied three preprocessing steps: filling in missing values, converting types of features from categorical features to numerical features, and scaling the data.
Development and Implementation of Entrepreneurship Learning Design Procedures Based on Digital Skills in Vocational High Schools to Support the Quality of Education in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Purnawirawan Okta , Sutadji Eddy , Mariana Rina Rifqie , Elmunsyah Hakkun , Ichwanto Muhammad Aris
Published: December 2024

Objective: Produce digital skills-based entrepreneurship learning designs and implementation procedures to support quality education in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
 
Theoretical Framework: This study is based on Joyce and Weil's theory of learning design, a method or procedure in helping students to obtain information, ideas, skills and provide training in how to think and learn. The learning design development process uses the ADDIE development model, so the framework in this study is divided into five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation.
 
Method: This research is a type of educational development research. The development model used is ADDIE. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews, questionnaires, and reviewing relevant theories and research. Data analysis techniques use qualitative descriptive analysis. The sample as the object of research is vocational high school students in East Java Province, Indonesia using the random sampling method.
 
Results and Discussion: The successfully developed digital skills-based learning design is divided into four main components, namely: (1) Characteristics of entrepreneurial learning; (2) Entrepreneurial learning system; (3) Character of entrepreneurial learning; and (4) Digital skills. The implementation procedure for this learning design involves collaboration between: (1) Entrepreneurship teachers; (2) Productive of expertise competencies teachers; (3) Informatics/computer teachers; and (4) Guidance and counseling teachers.
 
Research Implications: The results of this study are an alternative for entrepreneurship teachers in vocational high schools in choosing learning designs. Based on the implementation procedure, it provides recommendations to school leaders that entrepreneurial activities are not only the responsibility of entrepreneurship teachers. Entrepreneurial activities will be optimal if there is collaboration between teachers.
 
Originality/Value: The learning design is developed based on the needs of students to have the skills to use digital devices (hardware and software) in entrepreneurial activities. This condition is in accordance with the demands of student competence in the twenty-first century learning system and the era of the industrial revolution 4.0.
Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance in Startups: Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction and Commitment
Authors:   Research Scholar, Dept. Business Administration, ITB, Bandung, Sutio Mikhael Christian
Published: December 2024

Human resources are a valuable asset for any organization. In human resource management, the issue of employee performance is very important because performance has a major impact on the success of an organization. Therefore, researchers want to conduct research by linking the variables of transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment because these variables are considered to be very instrumental in efforts to improve employee performance at company.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transformational leadership on employee performance with job satisfaction and organizational commitment as mediation at company. This research was conducted on employees at company. The sampling method used simple random sampling. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents. This type of research is a type of quantitative research and uses an analysis method with the Smart PLS 3.0 programmed.

The results indicate that transformational leadership does not have a significant positive impact on job satisfaction or employee performance within the company. However, it positively and significantly influences organizational commitment. Additionally, job satisfaction shows no effect on employee performance, whereas organizational commitment demonstrates a positive and significant impact on employee performance. Furthermore, transformational leadership indirectly and significantly affects employee performance.
Analysis of The Preparedness of Public Accounting Firm in Implementing Quality Management Standar 1 (QMS 1) Based on IAPI Guidelines (Case study KAP Nexia KPS)
Authors:   The Professional Accounting Programme (PPAk), Tarumanagara University & Jakarta, Indonesia, Darmawan Triadi , Iskak Jamaludin ,   The Professional Accounting Programme (PPAk), Tarumanagara University & Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Quality Management Standard 1 (QMS 1) is a standard established by the Indonesian Institute of Certified Public Accountants (IAPI) to serve as a framework ensuring that Public Accounting Firms (KAP) deliver services in compliance with predetermined quality standards. The implementation of QMS 1 plays a pivotal role in enhancing quality management practices and fostering public trust in the audit outcomes produced by KAP. This study aims to evaluate the preparedness of KAP in adopting QMS 1 in alignment with the guidelines issued by IAPI. The analysis focuses on critical areas, including the adoption of a risk-based approach, leadership, technological integration, human resource capabilities, and the adequacy of existing internal systems.

The readiness of KAP in implementing SMM 1 is highly dependent on the ability to integrate this standard into all aspects of the KAP organization. By following the guidelines issued by IAPI and overcoming existing challenges, KAP can improve the quality of audit services and meet market expectations for transparency and reliability of financial reports.
A Review of TITAN Trial for Prostate Cancer
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Flores Daniel García , Espinoza José Armando Pérez ,   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
Published: December 2024

The TITAN trial, a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, evaluated the efficacy and safety of apalutamide in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). The trial included 1,052 patients randomized to receive apalutamide or placebo plus ADT, with primary endpoints of overall survival (OS) and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS). Results demonstrated that apalutamide significantly improved OS and rPFS, with a 35% reduction in the risk of death (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.53–0.79; P<0.001) at a median follow-up of 44 months. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was maintained during treatment. Adverse events more common in the apalutamide group included rash (27.1%), hypothyroidism, and ischemic heart disease, but these were manageable.

The TITAN trial established apalutamide plus ADT as an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for mCSPC, offering significant survival benefits while preserving quality of life.
Efecto de la psicomotricidad para coadyuvar a la reducción de la anemia en infantes: Un estudio piloto
Authors: Delgado-Bardales José Manuel , Contreras-Julián Rosa Mabel , Palomino-Alvarado Gabriela del Pilar , Sánchez-Dávila Keller , Melgarejo-Alcántara Marllury Ynés , Ramos-Moreno Jessica Micaela , Albarrán-Gil Jorge Luis
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Bajo el supuesto de que los infantes con anemia deben reposar para evitar debilitarlos; desconocen que la motricidad coadyuva reduciendo la anemia; se identificó dos grupos homogéneos en el Pretest mediante la T de student; luego durante 7 semanas hicieron psicomotricidades diariamente 30 minutos los del Grupo Experimental (GE) y 10 minutos el Grupo Control (GC), 5 minutos después se midieron psicomotricidades; obteniéndose mayores puntuaciones el GE.
Objetivo: Determinar la contribución de la psicomotricidad al reducir la anemia en infantes de grupo piloto de preescolares peruanos de 4 años, durante el segundo trimestre del año 2023, distribuidos 50% en cada  grupo.                                                                                                                                 
Metodología: Investigación con enfoque cuantitativo y diseño descriptivo cuasiexperimental con Pretest y Postest, muestra piloto no probabilística de 12 infantes, Identificados con anemia (hemoglobina<11g/dl) y habilidades psicomotrices semejantes
Resultados: Las actividades psicomotrices adecuadamente secuenciadas,  se evidenciaron con alta correlación de Pearson de 0.91; después de las actividades psicomotrices se  hidrataron combinando suplementos de hierro, en promedio medio litro el GE y cuarto de litro el GC, las docentes registraron consumos promedios diarios de dos huevos el GE, y uno el GC.
Conclusión: Los infantes de ambos grupos disminuyeron su anemia; preponderantemente el GE incrementando su hemoglobina en 1.4 g/dl en comparación con el GC. Según Postest: diferencias significativas de promedios, evidenciándose que las actividades psicomotrices coadyuvaron reduciendo la anemia. Recomendación: incrementando actividades psicomotrices, generan deseos de hidratación, combinando con suplementos de hierro obtenidas gratuitamente del Centros de salud, disminuyen la anemia.
Optimism and resilience: the Golden Path to sportive performance?
Authors: Malán-Ernst Estefanía , Imbernón de Álvaro Julio , Brandão Regina , Reyes-Bossio Mario , Pereira Hernán , Delgado-Campusano Mariel , Ortín-Montero Francisco , García-Mas Alejandro , Tutte-Vallarino Verónica
Published: December 2024

Introduction: the importance of the study lies in understanding the relevance of burnout as a detriment to the quality of life and performance of high performance athletes.
Objective: Identify and describe the dimensions of resilience and optimism that could act as protective variables against the possibility of suffering burnout.
Methodology: The study was conducted with a sample of 194 Uruguayan athletes who participated in the ODESUR 2022 games. Four instruments were used: The Resilience Scale (ER; Ruíz et al., 2012), the Life Orientation Scale-Revised (LOT-R; Scheier, et al., 1994), the Sports Optimism Questionnaire (COD; Batista, 2022) and the Burnout Inventory for Athletes (IBD-R; Garcés et al., 2012).
Results: Athletes present a moderate level of resilience, a high optimism profile and a moderate level of pessimism. Regarding Burnout, 65.5% presented symptoms of Emotional Exhaustion, 67% had symptoms of Depersonalization and 62.9% had symptoms of Reduced Personal Accomplishment. The SEM model explained a very high percentage of the variance in emotional exhaustion scores (79.1%) with resilience being the predictor variable, mediated by the protective role of optimism.
Discussion: The percentages found are shocking and are very similar to those found in Uruguayan athletes previously evaluated, as well as in other research with elite athletes.
Conclusions: The findings allow us to visualize the fundamental role of Resilience and Optimism as protective factors that could reduce the risk of burnout in high performance athletes.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF E-PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC POLICY IN INDONESIA: POTENTIAL, CHALLENGES AND IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC POLICY
Authors: Yanto Pebri , Jumanah Jumanah , Sutoto Sutoto
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis implementasi E-participation dalam kebijakan publik di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada potensi, tantangan, serta dampaknya terhadap kualitas kebijakan publik. E-participation, yang memanfaatkan teknologi digital untuk melibatkan masyarakat dalam proses pengambilan keputusan, telah diimplementasikan melalui berbagai platform seperti LAPOR! dan E-Musrenbang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review sistematis dengan referensi dari studi yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2014 hingga 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terjadi peningkatan dalam jumlah partisipasi masyarakat melalui platform digital, efektivitas dan dampaknya masih terbatas. Tantangan utama dalam implementasi E-participation di Indonesia meliputi ketidakmerataan akses internet, rendahnya tingkat literasi digital, dan resistensi birokrasi. Di beberapa wilayah pedesaan, partisipasi masyarakat sangat minim akibat akses internet yang terbatas, sementara di perkotaan, literasi digital yang rendah menghalangi masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi secara efektif. Selain itu, koordinasi antarinstansi pemerintah dalam mengelola platform E-participation juga menjadi kendala yang signifikan. Meskipun E-participation memiliki potensi besar untuk meningkatkan transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan inklusivitas kebijakan publik, peningkatan kualitas kebijakan belum optimal karena kurangnya tindak lanjut terhadap masukan masyarakat. Untuk memaksimalkan potensi E-participation, diperlukan peningkatan infrastruktur digital, penguatan literasi digital, serta pengembangan mekanisme umpan balik yang lebih efektif dan transparan dalam pengelolaan partisipasi masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: e-participation, teknologi digital, kebijakan publik, literasi digital
Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Testosterone of Smokers
Authors:   Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria, KO Iyevhobu
Published: December 2024

Smoking is a global public health problem associated with excessive morbidity and mortality. We designed this study to estimate the nutritional status and
testosterone levels among smokers in Ekpoma, Edo State. We recruited 100 smokers after obtaining informed consent and also included 50 seemingly healthy
non-smokers as a control group. The study recruited both male and female subjects who had been smoking at least one stick of cigarettes per day for the
past six months. We collected five milliliters (5 ml) of blood from the antecubital vein of both smokers and non-smokers and then transferred it into sterile,
anticoagulant-free sample containers (plain tubes). We performed the determination of total protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol and testosterone
using standard laboratory procedures. The results showed that total protein levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in smokers (7.02 ± 0.87 g/dl) when
compared with the control (6.43 ± 1.06 mg/dl). Albumin levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in smokers (3.70 ± 0.71 g/dl) when compared with the
control (3.32 ± 0.78 g/dl). Globulin levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in smokers (3.32 ± 0.78 g/dl) when compared with the control (3.11 ± 0.92 g/
dl). On the contrary, total cholesterol levels were not significantly different (p > 0.05) in smokers (176.10 ± 45.04 mg/dl) when compared with the control
(184.94 ± 46.39 mg/dl). Testosterone levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in smokers (4.49 ± 1.55 ng/ml) when compared with the control (3.44 ±1.25
ng/ml). These results showed that smoking affected the nutritional parameters and testosterone. This could be attributed to increased synthesis by the liver.
Additionally, smokers showed an increase in serum testosterone, suggesting a potential compromise in its function.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist: Health Care Savings or Healthcare Burden
Authors:   Pharmacist, Independat Research, Tennessee USA, Patel Nirlepkumar
Published: December 2024

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have emerged as a topic of significant interest. Their potential benefits have sparked discussions
among healthcare professionals and gained attention on social media. These agents represent a rare convergence of value and controversy in healthcare,
with their significant advancements in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Beyond their clinical efficacy, GLP-1 RAs have substantial
implications for healthcare economics, influencing both direct medical costs and broader economic outcomes. This article examines the financial impact
of GLP-1 RAs, with a particular focus on their cost-effectiveness, healthcare expenditure, and policy considerations, to keep the audience informed and
aware of the economic considerations in healthcare.
Optimalisasi Pendidikan Islam dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Mental Serta Mengurangi Burnout di Kalangan Pelajar
Authors: Agustin Maulid , Hidayah Ulil
Published: December 2024

Islamic education has an important role to play in improving mental well-being and reducing burnout among students. Burnout, which is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal achievement, is often caused by academic pressure and lack of social support. This research uses the literature study method to collect and analyze information related to optimizing Islamic education in the context of mental well-being and reducing burnout among students. Islamic education emphasizes spiritual and moral values, such as empathy, patience, gratitude and tawakkal, which can help students manage stress and build positive social relationships. With a holistic approach that integrates mental health programs into the school culture, such as mindfulness practices and peer support, Islamic education can create a supportive learning environment. In addition, the concepts of destiny, qadha and qadar in Islam provide a deep understanding of life and the challenges faced. This research used the literature study method to analyze related information, and found that the integration of Islamic values in the education curriculum can prevent burnout and improve students' mental health. Social support from parents, teachers and the community also contributes to mental wellbeing, resulting in a resilient generation that contributes positively to society.
Pengembangan Penilaian Pembelajaran PAI Berbasis Kecerdasan Buatan: Peluang dan Tantangan di MTs Durul Jazil
Authors: Anas Sofyan  , Salito Salito
Published: December 2024

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays a vital role in shaping students' character and morals in Indonesia. In the digital era, artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a potential tool to enhance the effectiveness of PAI learning assessments. This study aims to develop AI-based assessments for PAI at MTs Darul Jazil and explore the opportunities and challenges in its implementation. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the research highlights AI's ability to provide objective, rapid data analysis, improving evaluation efficiency, reducing grading time, and delivering personalized feedback. These advantages support a more responsive and adaptive curriculum tailored to individual student needs and evolving educational demands. However, significant challenges include ethical concerns, data privacy issues, technological readiness, and educators' proficiency in AI usage. Addressing these requires targeted teacher training, robust ethical and privacy policies, and investment in reliable technological infrastructure. A comprehensive strategy enables MTs Darul Jazil to leverage AI, enhance education quality, and foster an effective and efficient learning environment.
Model Moderasi Beragama Pada Masyarakat Tolonggeru Bima Dalam Bingkai Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Salam Abd
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the model of religious moderation within the community of Tolonggeru Hamlet, Bima Regency, in the context of Islamic education. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative approaches, using bibliometric analysis methods with tools such as Publish or Perish and VosViewer to analyze literature trends related to religious moderation in Islamic education. Additionally, the qualitative approach is applied through field observations, in-depth interviews with religious and community leaders, and document analysis to explore the practice of religious moderation in the local community. The results of the study indicate that religious moderation in Tolonggeru Hamlet is realized through a combination of Islamic education principles that prioritize tolerance and respect for diversity and local values that promote harmonious social life, such as mutual cooperation (gotong royong) and interfaith respect. Both formal and non-formal Islamic education play a significant role in shaping a moderate understanding and encouraging interfaith dialogue. The role of religious and community leaders in facilitating open communication and teaching moderation values serves as a key factor in maintaining harmony within a pluralistic society.
Implementasi Metode talaqqi dalam Proses Pembelajaran Hafalan Al-Qur’an Siswa SD Al-Qur’an Wahdah Islamiyah Polewali
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Nurzamsinar Nurzamsinar , Dewi Namira , Mardiah Mardiah , Nurmadia Sitti , Yusriah Yusriah
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out how the talaqqi method is implemented in the Al-Qur'an memorization learning process for students at Wahdah Islamiyah Polewali Al-Qur'an Elementary School and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing the talaqqi method in the Al-Qur memorization learning process. 'an student at SD Al-Qur'an Wahdah Islamiyah Polewali. This type of research is a type of qualitative descriptive research, which is a descriptive analysis of data obtained in the form of words, images or behavior and provides an overview of the conditions studied in the form of a narrative description. The implementation of the talaqqi method in schools is going well with the steps for implementing it, namely: the ustadzah explains, then gives an example of the verse to be memorized with clear articulation and mouth movements, then students imitate the ustadzah's reading. Supporting factors include: Islamic elementary schools, appropriate leaders, qualified teachers, collaboration between teachers, understanding and application of Tajwid rules, mastery of methods, as well as students as objects and their readiness to memorize. Inhibiting factors are teacher indiscipline, less than optimal application of methods, lack of teacher concern for student memorization, student difficulty in pronouncing letters, student indiscipline and less conducive space.
Purifikasi Jabatan Menteri Dari Partai Politik: Tinjauan Filsafat Ketatanegaraan Islam Al-Ghazali
Authors: Utomo Hery Dwi
Published: December 2024

The phenomenon of concurrent positions when the position as Minister and also occupies the position of a member of a political party shows that there is often a conflict of interest if the Minister's position is affiliated with a political party. This study looks at the relevance of these problems with Al-Ghazali's thinking which in its concept juxtaposes government with the principles of theology, this research is conducted with normative legal research with a philosophical approach. This research shows that the review of Al-Ghazali's constitutional philosophy can be seen as an effort to ensure that a minister can devote his full attention to the moral and ethical responsibilities associated with his government, without being hindered by party political interests. Al-Ghazali regarded the office of minister as a mandate that must be carried out with sincere intentions and responsibility for the welfare of the people. Moral and spiritual principles should be the foundation of policies should be driven by values that can benefit everyone. Ministers who are free from political affiliations will be better able to do their jobs in a way that is fair, objective, and responsible to both the people and God.
Peran Persia Sebagai Pusat Global, Geopolitik dan dakwah serta Pemikiran dan Praktik Aliran Syi’ah
Authors: Al Musawa Nabiel , Rasyid Daud , Hidayat Khairul , Farhana Nurfitria , Rahman Deni , Arafah Mudrikatul , Santoso Budi
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the influence of Persia on the development of Shia Islam, particularly from a political perspective, focusing on the roles of the Safavid and Qajar dynasties. The Safavid Dynasty (1501–1736), founded by Ismail I, established the Imami sect as the state religion, uniting various tribes and ethnic groups in Persia and strengthening a national identity rooted in Shia Islam. The legacy of this dynasty is evident in its grand architectural achievements and literary contributions that enriched Persian culture. Subsequently, the Qajar Dynasty (late 18th to early 20th century) continued to play a strategic role in consolidating Shia Islam's position. Initiated by Agha Mohammed Khan Qajar, this dynasty unified Persia’s territories and elevated the role of religious scholars as key figures in society. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach to analyze how these two dynasties institutionalized Shia Islam as the state religion and a cornerstone of national identity. Key findings reveal that the Safavid and Qajar dynasties played crucial roles in establishing Persia as the global center of Shia thought and practice, significantly impacting the geopolitical dynamics of the Islamic world. This influence solidified Persia’s position as a global hub for Shia Islam and reinforced its identity within the Islamic political landscape to the present day.
Implicações entre avanço teleológico e retorno às origens
Authors: Côrtes Tourinho Carlos Diógenes
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo concentra-se no manuscrito de Edmund Husserl de 1936, conhecido do grande público sob o título de “A origem da Geometria”. A primeira parte do artigo aborda a hipótese husserliana segundo a qual haveria uma implicação mútua entre avanço teleológico e retorno às origens nas ciências e, notadamente, na Geometria. A segunda parte examina a passagem do mundo pré-geométrico ao universo da exatidão unívoca. Por fim, o artigo aborda as condições para o nascimento e transmissão da Geometria na concepção de Husserl: a linguagem oral, as conexões intropáticas e, sobretudo, a notação escrita.
Retrospective Analysis of the relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Nocturnal bradycardia
Authors: Nguyen Sophia , Patel Jagdish
Published: December 2024

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent respiratory sleep disorder characterized by recurring apneic episodes during which the upper airway is obstructed (Mayo Clinic, 2023). Globally, approximately 900 million adults – ages 30 to 69 – have been diagnosed with OSA; 44% of whom have moderate to severe OSA (Teo et al., 2022). OSA patients show a relaxation of the pharyngeal muscles, a collection of skeletal muscles located posterior to the oral cavity, these muscles are essential for airway patency and support of the upper airway (Oliven et al., 2008). As a result, the airway narrows and may temporarily collapse, restricting ventilation while increasing respiratory drive as a compensatory mechanism (Jordan & White, 2007). Transient disturbances in airflow may be classified as either hypopnea or apnea. Hypopnea refers to airflow reduction of at least 30% and/or decrease in oxygen saturation of at least 3% for ten or more seconds. Apnea is a complete cessation in breathing for ten or more seconds (Berry et al., 2022). OSA symptoms may include but are not limited to: daytime fatigue, loud snoring episodes, abnormal breathing patterns, excessive night sweating, insomnia, headaches, and frequently waking up while gasping for breath (Slowik, 2022).
Design of a Novel 31.5 THz Bandwidth Hybrid TDFA-HDFA at 2000 nm and Its Applications in Unregenerated DWDM Lightwave Transmission Systems
Authors: Tench Robert E.
Published: December 2024

We report the design and applications of a novel multi-Watt (>1Watt output power) 2000 nm band hybrid Thulium- and Holmium-doped fiber amplifier with record wideband 380 nm (31.5 THz) continuously operating bandwidth from 1720 to 2100 nm. We outline the theory, physics, and simulations behind this design and show by comparison with previously published experimental results that the design presented is accurate to within ±0.5 dB in saturated output power and ±1.0 dB in small signal gain. Applications in future ∼300–400 nm bandwidth wideband 2000 nm Pb/s DWDM lightwave fiber optical transmission systems spanning 10,000 km using new hollow-core fiber designs are discussed. In particular, we demonstrate robust beginning-of-life optical signal-to-noise ratio and Q-factor margins for designs of 0.161 Pb/s DWDM unregenerated (without optical-to-electrical-to-optical or O-E-O electronic functions) all-optical transmission in the 2000 nm band over 10,000 km for representative terrestrial and submarine lightwave applications. We achieve a total capacity × distance product of 1608 Pb/s. km (1.61 Exabits/s. km) over a single one-core optical fiber for the 10,000 km system designs. Applications to designs of 40,000 km deployable unregenerated all-optical DWDM 0.124 Pb/s subsea lightwave transmission systems with 5.21 Exabit/s. km capacity ×distance product are outlined.
 
Received: 9 September 2024 | Revised: 10 December 2024 | Accepted: 26 December 2024
 
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Exail Tm- and Ho-doped gain fiber specifications are openly available at https://cybel-llc.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/IXF-HDF-PM-8-125_edA-Ho-SC-doped-PM-fiber.pdf and https://cybel-llc.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/IXF-TDF-PM-5-125_edA-Tm-SC-doped-PM-fiber.pdf. Data of the component devices in Table 1 are openly available at https://retandassociatesllc.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/GSLEOP2022-Presentation-RET-v.11-08222022.pdf. Other data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Robert E. Tench: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Kitap Okumaya İlgileri ve Kitap Türlerine Yönelik Farkındalıkları
Authors: Aydın Elif , Kazancı Tınmaz Ayşe
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada ortaokul öğrencilerinin kitap okumaya ilgileri ve çocuk kitapları hakkında farkındalıklarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel durum çalışması desenine göre düzenlenen bu araştırmanın verileri 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında Samsun ilinin merkeze uzak bir ilçesinde öğrenim gören 15 ortaokul öğrencisinden toplanmıştır. Veri toplama süreci yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları öğrencilerin; kitap okumaya her gün belirli bir zaman ayırdığını, kitap okumanın çeşitli faydaları olduğunu düşündüklerini, en çok tercih ettikleri kitapların roman, hikâye, masal gibi olaya bağlı türler olduğunu göstermiştir. Öğrenciler çocuklara yönelik kitapların konusunun eğlenceli ve eğitici olmasına, macera içermesine, kitap kapaklarının ilgi çekici olmasına vurgu yapmışlardır. Öğrenciler hayali bir yazar olarak konusu macera olan bir roman yazmayı tercih etmişlerdir. Ulaşılan bulgular doğrultusunda araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin, kitap okumanın faydaları ve okudukları belirli türlere yönelik farkındalığa sahip olduğunu ancak kitap türleriyle ilgili farkındalıklarının düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Öğrenciler çocuk edebiyatında az sayıda türle ilgili farkındalığa sahiptir. Ayrıca çocuk edebiyatı eserlerinin sahip olması gereken içerik özellikleriyle ilgili farkındalıkları biçimsel özelliklere göre daha yüksektir.
Ecofeminismo ecosófico: cartografias do corpo-território na pesca artesanal
Authors: Félix-Silva Antônio Vladimir , Oliveira Maylla Maria Souza , Lopes Gizelly de Castro , Masullo Alessandra Sávia da Costa
Published: December 2024

O que torna o território das águas um território sagrado? Esta pergunta é uma das ressonâncias das cartografias de mulheres de comunidades tradicionais pesqueiras que nos fazem ver e falar de uma tese defendida pelo primeiro autor e corroborada pelas coautoras: os modos de existência e de resistência à vida e à morte racializadas e sua transfiguração enlaçam passado, presente e futuro. Trata-se de um ecofeminismo ecosófico que implica quatro ecologias: ecologia social, ecologia mental, ecologia ambiental e ecologia da ancestralidade.
Jornalista, antropóloga ou nativa? Desafios teóricos, éticos e metodológicos sobre múltiplas inscrições no campo de pesquisa
Authors: Pitasse Fragoso Mariana
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo, descrevo os desafios teóricos, éticos e metodológicos colocados no meu campo de pesquisa em que conjuguei reflexivamente os dilemas em cumprir as tarefas e responsabilidades de meu trabalho com as questões e desenvolvimento da pesquisa etnográfica. Isso porque construí a pesquisa partindo de um olhar particular que não se restringiu ao de uma antropóloga em campo, mas também de uma trabalhadora que participou ativamente da construção de um veículo de comunicação alternativo, chamado Brasil de Fato, organizado pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST). Portanto, de um ponto de vista simultaneamente de etnógrafa, de jornalista e de nativa da própria pesquisa. As análises que apresento aqui, produzidas sobretudo com base na observação participante, partem da descrição resumida do contexto da minha entrada em campo, em seguida, trato sobre as escolhas, as montagens e os conflitos que se apresentaram durante diferentes momentos de construção da pesquisa, da elaboração textual e da divulgação do material finalizado.
Palavras chave: Ética; metodologia; teoria antropológica; pesquisa de campo; reflexividade; ponto de vista.
Loss injuries of the hand
Authors: Woznica Vlastimil , Billich Richard , Třešková Inka
Published: December 2024

Loss injuries of the hand are a common trauma primarily encountered by outpatient surgeons on the front lines. The aim of this article is to systematically describe a thorough examination of the hand and the various options for reconstructing loss injuries of the hand, thereby creating an overview that can be utilized in practice. The article focuses on methods ranging from simple healing by secondary intention to basic techniques of flap reconstruction. It describes the coverage of defects with various types of skin grafts, which are a common and effective solution in many cases. Furthermore, the article addresses the use of local flaps, which provide a reliable alternative where simple skin grafts are not suitable. The article also describes the use of axial, distant flaps, and free flaps, which allow the reconstruction of larger and more complicated defects. Finally, the issue of replantation is discussed, which, despite its difficulty and complexity, can offer the best solution for the preservation and restoration of hand function in certain cases. The goal of the article is to provide a clear and practical guide that can facilitate decision-making for outpatient surgeons and improve treatment outcomes for loss of hand injuries.
The role of neoadjuvant treatment in localized pancreatic cancer
Authors: Němeček Radim , Eid Michal
Published: December 2024

Pancreatic carcinoma is a prognostically unfavorable cancer disease with growing incidence and mortality, which is the 3rd most common cause of cancer-related death in developed countries. The 5-year survival rate does not exceed 11% and is the lowest across all cancer diagnoses. Only about 20–30% of patients have resectable (RPC) or borderline resectable (BRPC) disease at the time of diagnosis. Radical resection is an essential therapeutic modality in these cases and is considered the only potentially curative procedure. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or chemoradiotherapy is established mainly in BRPC. The role of neoadjuvant therapy in RPC is currently under investigation. This review article describes the current options, advantages and disadvantages of neoadjuvant treatment in BRPC and RPC.