bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transmitter for 1.9 Gbps phosphor white light visible light communication without a blue filter based on OOK-NRZ modulation
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Chen Xiongbin , Xu Yiwu
Published: January 2023

Due to narrow bandwidth and slow yellow light, it is difficult for visible light communication (VLC) systems based on high-power phosphor-coated light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to support high data rates. In this paper, a novel transmitter based on a commercial phosphor-coated LED is proposed, which can achieve a wideband VLC system without a blue filter. The transmitter consists of a folded equalization circuit and a bridge-T equalizer. The folded equalization circuit is based on a new equalization scheme and can expand the bandwidth of high-power LEDs more significantly. The bridge-T equalizer is used to reduce the influence of the slow yellow light generated by the phosphor-coated LED, which is more suitable than blue filters. Utilizing the proposed transmitter, the 3 dB bandwidth of the VLC system using the phosphor-coated LED is extended from several megahertz to 893 MHz. As a result, the VLC system can support real-time on-off keying non-return to zero (OOK-NRZ) data rates up to 1.9 Gb/s at a distance of 7 m with a bit error rate (BER) of 3 × 10−5.
Investigation on hybrid laser ablation and its application in fused silica damage mitigation
Authors: Zhou Li , Jiang Youen , Wei Hui , Zhang Simin , Ma Xiaojun , Zhang Peng , Pan Xue , Fan Wei , Li Xuechun
Published: January 2023

We present and investigate a hybrid laser-based method of surface shaping for damage mitigation on fused silica surfaces. Damage sites were removed and precisely shaped into an optically-benign cone by a procedure of femtosecond laser ablation with a subsequent CO2 laser polishing process. The morphology of the cone rim was quantitatively predicted by a numerical model. Since the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the laser polishing process was effectively confined by the optimization of ablation parameters, the dimensions of the raised rim were reduced by an order of magnitude. The intensity of the on-axis hotspot was positively related to the dimensions of the raised rim, and thus an inapparent downstream intensification was achieved by the rim reduction. Laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the cone was tested to be ∼14 J/cm2 on the input surface. Therefore, the presented method is appropriate to mitigate damage and also provides a promising approach to manufacturing functional microstructures for high-power applications.
Bipolar compressive ghost imaging method to improve imaging quality
Authors: Yu Zhan , Liu Yang , Bai Xing , Chen Xingyu , Wang Yujie , Li Xinjia , Sun Mingze , Zhou Xin
Published: January 2023

Compressive ghost imaging (CGI) can effectively reduce the number of measurements required for ghost imaging reconstruction. In most cases, however, when using illumination patterns as measurement matrices, CGI has not demonstrated the ability to reconstruct high-quality images at an ultra-low sampling rate as perfect as claimed by compressive sensing theory. According to our analysis, the reason is that the non-negative nature of light intensity causes measurement matrix in compressive ghost imaging to be inconsistent with the essential requirements of good measurement matrix in compressive sensing theory, leading to low reconstruction quality. Aiming at this point, we propose a bipolar compressive ghost imaging method to improve the reconstruction quality of ghost imaging. The validity of the proposed method is proven by simulations and experiments.
Quantum electrodynamics of chiral and antichiral waveguide arrays
Authors: Hoskins Jeremy G. , Rachh Manas , Schotland John C.
Published: January 2023

We consider the quantum electrodynamics of single photons in arrays of one-way waveguides, each containing many atoms. We investigate both chiral and antichiral arrays, in which the group velocities of the waveguides are the same or alternate in sign, respectively. We find that in the continuum limit, the one-photon amplitude obeys a Dirac equation. In the chiral case, the Dirac equation is hyperbolic, while in the antichiral case it is elliptic. This distinction has implications for the nature of photon transport in waveguide arrays. Our results are illustrated by numerical simulations.
Broadband near-infrared luminescence in erbium ion single-doped tellurite glass for optical amplification
Authors: Zhou Zhiming , Li Yanchao , Jiang Yiguang , Wang Zaiyang , Yin Pengwei , Zhang Longfei , Zhang Long
Published: January 2023

This Letter proposes a simple approach for the realization of a broadband near-infrared (NIR) luminescence source in erbium ion single-doped tellurite glass, which is bent on tailoring the network structure. Under the collective action of multiple broadening mechanisms and fluorescence capture, broadband fluorescence with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 132 nm (1500–1632 nm) was achieved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest FWHM reported for erbium single-doping of tellurite glass materials. Meanwhile, this fiberglass exhibits excellent thermal stability and high visible to NIR transmittance. Furthermore, a novel equivalent five-level Stark splitting model is proposed that can effectively explain the spectrum broadening. This study is beneficial for the further development of broadband optical amplification.
A tailored 100%-efficient 532/1064-nm demultiplexer in y-cut LiNbO3 crystal
Authors: Liu Hongliang , Li Yuanbo , Yang Quanxin , Zhou Shengqiang , Jia Yuechen
Published: January 2023

In this Letter, we report a tailored 532/1064-nm demultiplexer based on a multimode interference (MMI) coupler with an efficiency of 100%. The device structure is designed according to the self-imaging principle, and the propagation and the wavelength division performance are simulated by the beam propagation method. The demultiplexer is fabricated in a y-cut LiNbO3 crystal by femtosecond laser direct writing (FLDW) combined with the ion implantation technique. The end-face coupling system is used to measure the near field intensity distribution, and the spectra collected from the output ports are obtained by spectrometers. The simulated and the experimental results indicate that the customized demultiplexer in the LiNbO3 crystal presents excellent wavelength division performance operating at 532 nm and 1064 nm. This work demonstrates the application potential of FLDW technology for developing miniaturized photonic components and provides a new strategy for fabricating high-efficiency integrated wavelength division devices on an optical monocrystalline platform.
Measuring the effect of climate change on migration flows: Limitations of existing data and analytical frameworks
Authors: Helbling Marc , Rybski Diego , Schewe Jacob , Siedentop Stefan , Glockmann Manon , Heider Bastian , Jones Bryan , Meierrieks Daniel , Rikani Albano , Stroms Peter
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is to review quantitative large-N studies that investigate the effects of climate change on migration flows. Recent meta-analyses have shown that most studies find that climate change influences migration flows. There are however also many studies that find no effects or show that effects are dependent on specific contexts. To better understand this complexity, we argue that we need to discuss in more detail how to measure climate change and migration, how these measurements relate to each other and how we can conceptualise the relationship between these two phenomena. After a presentation of current approaches to measuring climate change, international and internal migration and their strengths and weaknesses we discuss ways to overcome the limitations of existing analytical frameworks.
Differential protein expression of GABA A receptor alpha 1 subunit and calbindin in rat spermatozoa associated with proteomic analysis in testis following methamphetamine administration
Authors: Kaewman Paweena , Nudmamud-Thanoi Sutisa , Thongleart Jitnapar , Charoenlappanit Sawanya , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Thanoi Samur
Published: January 2023

Methamphetamine (METH) can induce spermatogenesis impairment, testicular apoptosis, and abnormal sperm quality. It also promotes changes in the expression of receptors for sex hormones and neurotransmitters, including GABA receptors in the testis. Proteomic assessment focusing on proteins involved in the calcium signalling pathway in the testis can facilitate diagnostic factors contributing to testicular and sperm functions, especially those related to spermatogenesis and fertilisation. In this study, we proposed to determine the localisation and differential expression of GABA A receptor alpha 1 subunit (GABA A-α1) in the spermatozoa of METH-administered rats. The differential proteomic profile of the testis was also observed by focusing on proteins in the KEGG pathways belonging to the calcium signalling pathway. There were 212 differentially expressed proteins in the rat testis, based on the cut-off value of 1.2-fold change. Most of those proteins, 13 proteins, were classified in the calcium signalling pathway, including 4 down-regulated and 9 up-regulated proteins. An immunolocalisation study of the GABA A-α1 receptor and calbindin revealed their localisation in the equatorial segment of the head in the rat spermatozoa. The expression of calbindin is also found in the middle piece of sperm. An increase in GABA A-α1 receptor in rat spermatozoa was correlated with an increase in abnormal sperm motility and morphology after methamphetamine exposure. Moreover, calbindin expression in sperm decreased in METH-administered rats. All our findings demonstrate that METH influences intracellular calcium homeostasis by acting through the calcium signalling pathway-associated proteins. Moreover, it might disrupt ion homeostasis in sperm through the GABA A-α1 receptor and calbindin, triggering a change in intracellular calcium and chloride ions. These changes may cause abnormalities in spermatogenesis, testicular apoptosis, and sperm quality impairment.
Identifying oral microbiome alterations in adult betel quid chewing population of Delhi, India
Authors: Bahuguna Mayank , Hooda Sunila , Mohan Lalit , Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Diwan Prerna
Published: January 2023

The study targets to establish a factorial association of oral microbiome alterations (oral dysbiosis) with betel quid chewing habits through a comparison of the oral microbiome of Betel quid chewers and non-chewing individuals. Oral microbiome analysis of 22 adult individuals in the Delhi region of India through the 16S sequencing approach was carried out to observe the differences in taxonomic abundance and diversity. A significant difference in diversity and richness among Betel Quid Chewers (BQC) and Betel Quid Non-Chewers (BQNC) groups was observed. There were significant differences in alpha diversity among the BQC in comparison to BQNC. However, in the age group of 21–30 years old young BQC and BQNC there was no significant difference in alpha diversity. Similar result was obtained while comparing BQC and Smoker-alcoholic BQC. BQ smoker-chewers expressed significant variance in comparison to BQC, based on cluster pattern analysis. The OTU-based Venn Diagram Analysis revealed an altered microbiota, for BQ chewing group with 0–10 years exposure in comparison to those with 10 years and above. The change in the microbial niche in early chewers may be due to abrupt chemical component exposure affecting the oral cavity, and thereafter establishing a unique microenvironment in the long-term BQC. Linear discriminant analysis revealed, 55 significant features among BQC and Alcoholic-Smoker BQC; and 20 significant features among BQC and Smoker BQC respectively. The study shows the abundance of novel bacterial genera in the BQC oral cavity in addition to the commonly found ones. Since the oral microbiome plays a significant role in maintaining local homeostasis, investigating the link between its imbalance in such conditions that are known to have an association with oral diseases including cancers may lead to the identification of specific microbiome-based signatures for its early diagnosis.
Did Massachusetts COVID-19 vaccine lottery increase vaccine uptake?
Authors: Kim Yeunkyung , Kim Jihye , Li Yue
Published: January 2023

Objective

We evaluated whether the Massachusetts COVID-19 vaccine lottery increased vaccine uptake.

Methods

We analyzed data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker to identify total number of adults aged 18 to 64 who received at least first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine or who were fully vaccinated in Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Jersey, and Vermont during the study period of March 6 –July 31, 2021. Each of the five states contributed 148 days of a daily report on cumulative number of vaccinated people, comprising 740 state-days as the total sample size. We conducted multivariable, state-day level difference-in-differences (DID) regression using a negative binomial regression model that compared the change in outcomes for Massachusetts to those of four geographically adjacent comparison states without the lotteries, before and after the Massachusetts vaccine lottery announcement (June 15, 2021). Our analyses controlled for key state-level characteristics obtained from the American Community Survey as well as day fixed-effects to capture secular trends in the outcomes.

Results

Massachusetts COVID-19 vaccine lottery was not associated with a significant increase in the number of adults aged 18 to 64 who were fully vaccinated or received at least one dose of the vaccine, compared with other states [Full dose, incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97 to 1.11, P > 0.05; At least one dose, IRR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.06, P > 0.05].

Conclusions

There was insufficient evidence to conclude that Massachusetts COVID-19 vaccine lottery was associated with increased number of adult COVID-19 vaccinations.
Experiencing a significant life event during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of perceived control
Authors: Radjenovic Sonja , Ristl Christina , Nikitin Jana
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a context that might influence how people experience significant life events (such as marriage, job change, or relocation). In the present research, we argue that one important factor of how positively or negatively the pandemic influences the experience of significant life events is how much control people perceive in the situation. An online sample of N = 882 participants aged 18–82 years reported a significant life event that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants described whether the pandemic influenced the life event, to what extent they perceived control over the life event and how they experienced the life event in terms of valence (i.e., positively or negatively). The results showed that the self-reported pandemic influence was significantly associated with the life-event experience. Furthermore, perceived control partly mediated this association. The results persisted even after controlling for the age of the participants. The present research underscores the important role of control for experiencing significant life events in challenging times such as during the pandemic.
A large-scale genetic screen identifies genes essential for motility in Agrobacterium fabrum
Authors: Calvopina-Chavez Diana G. , Howarth Robyn E. , Memmott Audrey K. , Pech Gonzalez Oscar H. , Hafen Caleb B. , Jensen Kyson T. , Benedict Alex B. , Altman Jessica D. , Burnside Brittany S. , Childs Justin S. , Dallon Samuel W. , DeMarco Alexa C. , Flindt Kirsten C. , Grover Sarah A. , Heninger Elizabeth , Iverson Christina S. , Johnson Abigail K. , Lopez Jack B. , Meinzer McKay A. , Moulder Brook A. , Moulton Rebecca I. , Russell Hyrum S. , Scott Tiana M. , Shiobara Yuka , Taylor Mason D. , Tippets Kathryn E. , Vainerere Kayla M. , Von Wallwitz Isabella C. , Wagley Madison , Wiley Megumi S. , Young Naomi J. , Griffitts Joel S.
Published: January 2023

The genetic and molecular basis of flagellar motility has been investigated for several decades, with innovative research strategies propelling advances at a steady pace. Furthermore, as the phenomenon is examined in diverse bacteria, new taxon-specific regulatory and structural features are being elucidated. Motility is also a straightforward bacterial phenotype that can allow undergraduate researchers to explore the palette of molecular genetic tools available to microbiologists. This study, driven primarily by undergraduate researchers, evaluated hundreds of flagellar motility mutants in the Gram-negative plant-associated bacterium Agrobacterium fabrum. The nearly saturating screen implicates a total of 37 genes in flagellar biosynthesis, including genes of previously unknown function.
Clinical and laboratory presentation of first-time antenatal care visits of pregnant women in Ghana, a hospital-based study
Authors: Abuku Vital Glah , Allotey Emmanuel Alote , Akonde Maxwell
Published: January 2023

Background

The WHO recommends pregnant women attend antenatal clinic at least three times during pregnancy; during the first, second and third trimesters. During these visits, an array of clinical and laboratory tests is conducted. The information obtained plays an important role not only in the management and care of pregnancy, but also guides policies targeted at addressing pregnancy-induced health challenges. This study therefore presents laboratory and clinical information of pregnant women at their first antenatal visits.

Methods

The study was cross-sectional in design which retrospectively reviewed laboratory and clinical data of pregnant women attending their first antenatal clinic (ANC) at the Comboni Hospital, Volta region, Ghana. The data reviewed included information on hemoglobin level, hemoglobin phenotype, malaria diagnostics, Human Immunodeficiency Virus test (HIV), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) test, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) test, Syphilis test, blood pressure, age, urine glucose, and urine protein. The hemoglobin level was assayed with a hemoglobinometer. Qualitative lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay techniques were used to diagnose the HIV, HCV, HBV, syphilis, and malaria status of the pregnant women. Urine dipstick was used assay for the urine protein and urine glucose, whilst the methemoglobin test was used for the G6PD deficiency and alkaline hemoglobin electrophoresis for hemoglobin phenotype. Data on demographic, anthropometric and vital signs such as age, weight and blood pressure were also collected. Descriptive statistics were performed. Frequency and percentages were used to describe the categorical variables and means and standard deviations used to describe the continuous variables.

Results

Hemoglobin S(Hb S) was found in 12.8% of the women with 73.4% having hemoglobin levels below 11.5g/dl. On G6PD deficiency, 1.6% and 0.8% were partially and fully defective respectively. Also, urine protein (1.2%) and glucose (0.4%) were detected. The prevalence of HBV, HCV and malaria were 4.4%, 3.6% and 2.4%, respectively.

Conclusion

Anemia in pregnancy was high among the study sample. Malaria and hepatitis infections were observed in the study sample. Policies on maternal health should be targeted at providing better nutritional options, that can enhance the hemoglobin level during pregnancy. Pregnant women should benefit from enhanced surveillance for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis.
Las etapas de la vida
Authors: Pérez-Moro David
Published: January 2023

La terminología relativa a las diferentes etapas del ser humano goza en todas las lenguas de una gran diversidad. A lo largo del presente artículo recogeremos las diferentes clasificaciones documentadas en las fuentes literarias y lexicográficas desde los primeros testimonios griegos hasta la época bizantina. El resultado del estudio permitirá, en primer lugar, conocer la numerosa terminología para referirse a las diferentes etapas de la vida del ser humano y, en segundo lugar, organizarla cronológicamente. Asimismo, este estudio permitirá determinar un patrón común que seguían los diferentes autores a la hora de elaborar estas clasificaciones.
O Visível e o invisível em Platão e Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Coutinho Luciano , Pereira Jéssica
Published: January 2023

A temática da metafísica vem sendo foco de discussão ao longo da História da Filosofia. Platão influencia de maneira direta e indireta muitos filósofos e pensadores que se propõem a adentrar no universo destas questões. Dentre estes, encontra-se Merleau-Ponty, que sofre influência dos pensamentos platônicos ao desenvolver suas teorias, seja para reforçar ou para negar os pensamentos do filósofo ateniense. Este trabalho busca apresentar um apanhado significativo de ambos os filósofos e trazer uma comparação, a fim de entender quais ideias de Merleau-Ponty foram inovadoras para a História da Filosofia, trazendo contribuições de fato, e quais são simplesmente repetições de paradigmas já estabelecidos por Platão, mas que se fazem parecer inovadoras.
“I don’t want her to miss a thing”
Authors: Muñoz-Martínez Sandra
Published: January 2023

The aim of this paper is to analyse two characters who suffered the punishment of not being allowed to close their eyes so as to retain in their retinas the image of the loss of their children: Lamia and Ellaria Sand. The first one, Lamia, is a Greek mythological or folklore character punished by Hera for having an affair with her husband, Zeus. The second one is Ellaria Sand, from the series Game of Thrones (seventh season, third episode, titled “The Queen’s Justice”), who was robbed of her daughter Tyene by Cersei Lannister in King’s Landing. In this paper, the author will also point out the similarities and differences between the two scenarios. For this purpose, she will consider the characters’ antecedents and evolution after being punished with the impossibility of closing their eyes.
Revisitar os Clássicos no Ensino Secundário
Authors: Tavares de Faria Rui
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo apresenta um conjunto de propostas de relação intertextual e interartística entre autores e obras da Antiguidade Clássica e os conteúdos que, no âmbito da Educação Literária, integram os Programas (P), as Metas Curriculares (MC) e as Aprendizagens Essenciais (AE) das disciplinas de Português e de Literatura Portuguesa, ao nível do 10.º ano de escolaridade. Tendo em conta a extensão cronológica e a diversidade de modos e géneros literários elencados nos documentos referidos, circunscreve-se o corpus de exemplificação às obras dos períodos medieval e renascentista.
Vulnerabilidades da segurança hídrica no Brasil frente às mudanças climáticas
Authors: Pereira Vânia Rosa , Rodriguez Daniel Andrés
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho apresenta as análises de impactos e vulnerabilidades frente às mudanças climáticas na segurança hídrica que subsidiaram os estudos da componente de Impactos, Vulnerabilidade e Adaptação (IVA) à mudança do clima, integrante da Quarta Comunicação Nacional (4CN) do Brasil à Convenção do Clima. Analisamos as vulnerabilidades da segurança hídrica a partir das dimensões de disponibilidade, acessibilidade, seguridade e governança. Os estudos de cenários de clima futuro indicam que os atuais impactos e vulnerabilidades na segurança hídrica serão aumentados. Os territórios atualmente marcados pela alta concentração populacional e de intenso uso múltiplo da água, tais como os presentes nos biomas da Caatinga, Cerrado e Mata Atlântica são os que apresentaram redução da disponibilidade hídrica nos diferentes cenários de aquecimento. Os cenários de aquecimento indicam a vulnerabilidade de tais biomas em relação à oferta e demanda de água. Embora sejam vulnerabilidades em todos os biomas brasileiros, a ocorrência de inundações e a baixa qualidade da água nos centros metropolitanos são mais presentes na Amazônia, Mata Atlântica e Caatinga A baixa acessibilidade à água potável e ao esgotamento sanitário são também vulnerabilidades marcantes. A universalização dos serviços de água e esgoto no nível municipal é questão de saúde pública, urgente e considerada uma ação necessária e independente das incertezas dos cenários climáticos. A ausência de informações de qualidade de água nas regiões mais distantes dos centros urbanos, em especial nos biomas Amazônia, Caatinga e Cerrado, dificulta o diagnóstico dos focos de poluição difusa em áreas com expressiva produção agropecuária. A legislação brasileira é avançada e enfatiza a descentralização da gestão hídrica. Porém, a ausência dos instrumentos básicos de gestão hídrica, tais como os planos de recursos hídricos estaduais e de bacias hidrográficas, em algumas regiões do país, é um entrave para que a lei das águas seja cumprida, em especial na Amazônia. A capacidade institucional se apresentou frágil e de abrangência limitada à proximidade de centros urbanos maiores. A universalização dos serviços de água e esgoto, o aumento da capacidade institucional e a ampliação dos sistemas de monitoramento para diagnóstico de maior precisão na escala municipal são pontos relevantes para aprimorar a segurança hídrica no país. A avaliação da efetividade da governança assim como o diagnóstico de lacunas e oportunidades frente aos eventos extremos também contribuem para evitar as crises hídricas, enchentes e inundações recorrentes.
Habilidades Sociais no Contexto de Trabalho: Um Estudo Qualitativo com Gestores Empresariais / Social Skills in the Work Context: A Qualitative Study with Business Managers
Authors: Vieira Aline dos Santos , Pederiva Vanessa , Rossa Isadora , Andretta Ilana
Published: January 2023

O presente estudo objetivou compreender a percepção de gestores sobre as habilidades sociais em seu contexto de trabalho, considerando as especificidades de seus cargos e a modalidade Home Office. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de caráter exploratório e delineamento qualitativo. A coleta dos dados ocorreu mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas com três gestores do Rio Grande do Sul em janeiro de 2021, as quais foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas mediante a técnica da análise de conteúdo. Estabeleceu-se quatro categorias a posteriori: (1) Habilidades de Comunicação; (2) Resolução de problemas; (3) Home office; (4) Desenvolvimento das habilidades sociais no contexto de trabalho. Os resultados corroboraram com autores que destacam a relevância dessas habilidades no contexto laboral e para os cargos de gestão. Entretanto, observou-se que apenas a constante interação proporcionada pelo cargo não auxilia no desenvolvimento de habilidades sociais, é preciso também considerar a variabilidade do ambiente e a exposição a situações novas.Abstract: The present study aimed to understand the perception of managers about social skills in their work context, considering the specifics of their positions and the Home Office modality. This is a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative design. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews with three managers from Rio Grande do Sul in January 2021, which were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using the content analysis technique. Four categories were established a posteriori: (1) Communication Skills; (2) Troubleshooting; (3) Home office; (4) Development of social skills in the work context. The results corroborate with authors who highlight the relevance of these skills in the work context and for management positions. However, it was observed that only the constant interaction provided by the position does not help in the development of social skills, it is also necessary to consider the variability of the environment and exposure to new situations.Keywords: social skills; managers; COVID-19 pandemic; people management.
Políticas de Crédito Rural na Agricultura Familiar no Sertão Pernambucano / Rural Credit Policies in Family Agriculture in the Sertão Pernambucano
Authors: Alves Isadora Cibelly Lima , Sobral Eryka Fernanda Miranda , Melo Fagner José Coutinho de , Lima Filho Raimundo Nonato
Published: January 2023

Esta pesquisa objetivou investigar se o uso de políticas de crédito rural está correlacionado com a formação de renda do produtor rural. Através de uma pesquisa do tipo survey, foi aplicado questionário on-line a produtores rurais do município de Salgueiro, Pernambuco. A partir modelo de regressão linear evidenciou-se uma relação positiva entre o uso de crédito rural e o valor da produção com uma diferença, em média, de 17,4% maior na renda em relação aos que não fazem uso dessa política no município de Salgueiro. Contudo, embora a agricultura familiar tenha uma grande participação na economia do Brasil e através dos créditos disponibilizados consigam expandir sua produção, ainda é necessário um maior investimento em políticas públicas de educação de gestão rural garantindo a melhoria na qualidade de vida das pessoas que lá vivem. Abstract: This research aimed to investigate whether the use of rural credit policies is correlated with the income formation of rural producers. Through a survey, an online questionnaire was applied to rural producers in the municipality of Salgueiro, Pernambuco. From the linear regression model, a positive relationship was evidenced between the use of rural credit and the value of production with a difference, on average, of 17.4% greater in income compared to those who do not use this policy in the municipality of Willow tree. However, although family farming has a large share in the Brazilian economy and through the available credits, they are able to expand their production, there is still a need for greater investment in public policies for rural management education, ensuring an improvement in the quality of life of the people who live there.Keywords: rural credit; family farming; Salgueiro; Pernambuco.
Características e Autonomia dos Gestores das Unidades de Saúde na Atenção Básica / Characteristics and Autonomy of Health Unit Managers in Primary Care
Authors: Oliveira Elias Ricardo de , Mendonça Eliabe Monteiro
Published: January 2023

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a importância de um gestor na Unidade de Saúde da Família e a importância de sua autonomia para implantar ações na comunidade adscrita a sua Unidade de Saúde. A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão bibliográfica na Plataforma da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde em artigos brasileiros nas revistas científicas e livros governamentais além de uma pesquisa qualitativa objetiva realizada através de questionário on-line dirigido a dez gestores de Unidades de Saúde da Família O estudo conclui que a importância dos gestores iguala-se a importante missão de manter a saúde da população residente no país da melhor maneira possível dentro dos limites de sua capacidade buscando ampliar, aperfeiçoar, modernizar e inovar a cada segundo a demanda cada dia maior em nossa sociedade, e compreende a importância da autonomia desses profissionais para desenvolver ações que melhore a oferta dos serviços de saúde para a sociedade.Palavras-chave: Gestão na Atenção Básica; Sistema Único de Saúde; Unidades de Saúde da Família; Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the importance of a manager in the Family Health Unit and the importance of his autonomy to implement actions in the community attached to his Health Unit. The methodology used was a bibliographic review on the Platform of the Virtual Health Library in Brazilian articles in scientific journals and government books, in addition to an objective qualitative research carried out through an online questionnaire addressed to ten managers of Family Health Units The study concludes that the importance of managers is equal to the important mission of maintaining the health of the population residing in the country in the best possible way within the limits of their capacity, seeking to expand, improve, modernize and innovate every day according to the increasing demand in our society, and understands the importance of the autonomy of these professionals to develop actions that improve the supply of health services to society.Keywords: Management in Primary Care; Health Unic System; Family Health Units; Family Health Strategy.
“Câncer não tira a vida, mas me tira da vida”: Vivências de Reconstrução mamária imediata / “Cancer does not take my life, but it takes me out of my life”: Experiences of Immediate Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Alves Vera Lucia , Bastos Rodrigo Almeida , Turato Egberto Ribeiro
Published: January 2023

Resultados psicossociais, decorrentes da reconstrução imediata, no tratamento do câncer de mama, mostram-se contraditórios, quando se compara o procedimento à ausência de reconstrução ou à realizada tardiamente. Entendendo necessárias pesquisas que explorassem a vivência de mulheres submetidas à reconstrução imediata, este estudo utilizou o método fenomenológico, para analisar entrevistas de 36 mulheres, realizadas, em média, 40 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que, para além da continuidade da forma física, elas almejavam a continuidade da rotina de vida, algo que a reconstrução imediata, realizada em uma única cirurgia possibilita, sendo demarcada por:  1) Discurso permeado por pensamento positivo; 2) Enfrentamento do diagnóstico e a ideia inicial de morte; 3) Atribuição de novo significado para o câncer; 4) Manejo das emoções e o recurso à espiritualidade; 5) Vivência da rede de apoio; 6) Ruptura da autonomia na rotina diária; 7) Confronto com a nova forma corporal. Abstract: Psychosocial outcomes, resulting from immediate reconstruction in the treatment of breast cancer, are shown to be contradictory when compared to the absence of reconstruction or to the delayed one. Understanding that studies exploring the experience of these patients are necessary, this study used the phenomenological method to analyze interviews with 36 women, carried out on average 40 days after the surgical procedure. The results indicated that, besides the continuity of physical form, they wanted the continuity of daily life, something that this single surgery reconstruction makes possible. This desire was marked by 1) Speech permeated by positive thinking; 2) Coping with the diagnosis and the initial idea of death; 3) Attribution of new meaning to cancer; 4) Management of emotions and the use of spirituality; 5) Experience of the support network; 6) Rupture of autonomy in the daily routine; 7) Confrontation with the new body shape.Keywords: Breast Neoplasms; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Psycho-Oncology; Psychological Phenomena; Qualitative Research
Atuação da Psicopedagogia na Escrita Científica: Mudanças e Perspectivas / The role of Psychopedagogy in Scientific Writing: Changes and Perspectives
Authors: Neves Maria Rosalba Moreira das , Policarpo Wanderléia de Aguiar , Sousa Léa Barbosa de
Published: January 2023

Resumo: O presente artigo relata a experiência exitosa relacionada a estrutura e construção de trabalhos de conclusão de curso na área de medicina veterinária do Centro Universitário INTA-UNINTA.  O objetivo foi demonstrar as mudanças na estruturação científica dos Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso da Medicina Veterinária para desenvolvimento dos trabalhos de conclusão de cursos, parte integrante das disciplinas de  TCC I e II (Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso). O TCC é um trabalho escrito, relevante na formação do estudante de qualquer graduação, no relato ora apresentado, refere-se à graduação em medicina veterinária. Os objetivos foram: a) Explicar as normas estruturais da instituição para uma escrita científica do TCC I e II; b) Evidenciar e acompanhar a evolução da escrita científica dos discentes diante os desafios que as disciplinas de TCC I e II exigem e, c) Apresentar os aspectos relevantes alcançados a partir da vivência do ensino das duas disciplinas. Os resultados evidenciaram que que o apoio psicopedagógico é relevante no acompanhamento e suporte aos acadêmicos, orientando e direcionando todo o processo da escrita científica, pontuando e estimulando para que estes possam prosseguir com êxito, já que alguns relatam momentos de tensão e ansiedade. Palavras - chave: Escrita científica. Psicopedagogia. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso.  Abstract: This article reports the successful experience related to the structure and construction of course conclusion works in the area of veterinary medicine at the INTA-UNINTA University Center. The objective was to demonstrate the changes in the scientific structuring of the Veterinary Medicine Course Completion Works for the development of course completion works, an integral part of the subjects of TCC I and II (Course Completion Work). The TCC is a written work, relevant in the formation of the student of any graduation, in the report presented here, it refers to the graduation in veterinary medicine. The objectives were: a) To explain the institution's structural norms for a scientific writing of TCC I and II; b) Highlight and monitor the evolution of students' scientific writing in the face of the challenges that TCC I and II disciplines demand and, c) Present the relevant aspects achieved from the experience of teaching both disciplines. The results showed that psychopedagogical support is relevant in monitoring and supporting academics, guiding and directing the entire process of scientific writing, scoring and stimulating so that they can proceed successfully, as some report moments of tension and anxiety.Keywords: Scientific writing; Psychopedagogy; Completion of course work.
A Importância dos Jogos como Ferramenta de Ensino na Educação Infantil
Authors: Gonçalves Cavalcante Pereira Maria Andreza , Rejane Lima Teixeira Verônica
Published: January 2023

A pesquisa científica em tela tem como objetivo principal o respeito às reflexões sobre a importância dos jogos como ferramenta de ensino na educação infantil. É uma pesquisa científica de natureza básica, por isso bibliográfica como metodologia adotada, como forma de adquirir mais conhecimento importante para essa reflexão. Para isso, foi realizada uma busca de subsídios teóricos em livros, revistas e jornais virtuais, como também em estudos produzidos e publicados, leis, normativas e publicações no Google Acadêmico, Biblioteca Virtual e Scielo. Aprimorando conceitos acerca conceituais de jogos e brincadeiras, resgate histórico do ensino, o papel do educador como prática pedagógica, para o desenvolvimento do aprendizado das crianças, contribuindo na construção de atitudes e formação enquanto pessoa.
Hemorragia Pós-Parto: Uma Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Lima da Silva José Ueliton , Lola Hassem Jaqueline , De Lima Silva Henrique Miguel , De Oliveira Marinho Ana Olívia , Pinheiro de Oliveira Raimunda Tânia
Published: January 2023

Nos últimos anos, o aumento de casos de hemorragia pós-parto no Brasil tem feito com que este tema seja fruto de inúmeras investigações científicas. A literatura mostra que a hemorragia pós-parto é um forte condicionante de óbito e, por conseguinte, passou a ser a segunda causa de morte materna no Brasil considerando os estudos de Lima (2019). Além disso, compreende-se como hemorragia pós-parto qualquer tipo de sangramento com volume perdido de sangue superior a 500ml após partos vaginais e 100 após partos cesários. Ainda em se tratando da temática, considera-se como principais fatores condicionantes trauma do canal vaginal, bem como retenção placentária ou problemas coagulatórios. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as principais práticas de prevenção e tratamento da hemorragia pós-parto considerando a literatura vigente. Optamos pela revisão de literatura integrativa, considerando os principais estudos originais publicados entre 2019 e 2022, bem como a partir dos descritores hemorragia pós-parto; prevenção e tratamento da hemorragia pós-parto e saúde da mulher. Dos 60 trabalhos encontrados, 10 preencheram os critérios de inclusão e foram utilizados para análise. Os resultados mostraram que o manejo e seleção de técnica varia de acordo com a situação da paciente e que uso de medicamentos, manejo do cordão umbilical; massagem uterina são os mais recorrentes. Além disso, destaca-se a prevenção da hemorragia considerando toda análise gestacional da mulher, bem como manejo rápido e eficaz no intuito de preservar a vida da paciente e diminuir o número de óbitos decorrentes deste problema de saúde.
As Micro e Pequenas empresas no Contexto da Pandemia
Authors: Torres Daniel Amorim , Santos Lídia Rocha , Sarafim Thiago Ferreira , Andrade Jailza do Nascimento Tomaz
Published: January 2023

No Brasil, foi decretado estado de calamidade pública, sendo regulamentado pela Lei nº 13.979, de 6 de fevereiro de 2020, que dispôs sobre as medidas de enfrentamento da emergência de saúde pública de importância internacional decorrente do coronavírus. Os efeitos da pandemia alastraram-se por diversos segmentos, inclusive na economia, devido ao isolamento e distanciamento, distinção de serviços essenciais e mercado em recessão. Entretanto, o período foi atípico, foram abertas mais de 620 mil micros e pequenas empresas. Nesse sentido, questiona-se: qual o impacto da pandemia para o cenário de micro e pequenas empresas no Brasil? Logo, o objeto do estudo é compreender as micro e pequenas empresas no contexto de pandemia. Na construção do estudo utilizou-se do método de revisão de literatura. Os resultados apontam que a pandemia pressionou os indivíduos ociosos a procurar outras atividades que, em muitos casos, estão relacionados à abertura de empreendimentos dos mais variados. Entretanto, os dados do IBGE e Sebrae apontam que apenas alguns setores obtiveram altas durante a pandemia, dentre eles os setores alimentícios e de fármacos. Já os setores da construção civil e comércio varejista tiveram baixas.
A Case Report on Challenging Management of Multiple Neoplasms in Elderly
Authors: Shanmuganathan Jothi , Palanisamy Vanitha , Wei Ng Syiao , Prahaspathiji Urscilla Jaya , Bin Hj Ahmad Hj Abd Razak , Mahat Mahfida
Published: January 2023

Multiple primary malignancies especially in the head and neck region is no longer a rare occurrence and the prevalence is increasing. They were described as synchronous when the malignancies present within 6 months of another or metachronous tumors if the subsequent malignancy presents 6 months later. Many etiologies had been hypothesised including similar carcinogens exposure, genetic susceptibility and mutation, immunodeficiency or treatment of the index tumor. Among the hypotheses, the most accepted theory was field cancerisation in which the occurrence of multiple primaries in the aerodigestive tract was due to persistent exposure of similar carcinogens through inhalation or oral intake . However the co-incidence of thyroid and aerodigestive malignancies is relatively low. Hereby we would like to report a case of a 74 years old lady with known esophageal squamous cell carcinoma presented with metachronous laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and papillary micro carcinoma of thyroid.
Complementary Food Hygiene Practice among Mothers or Caregivers in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bedada Shumi , Benti Tomas , Tegegne Mekonnen
Published: January 2023

Introduction
Foodborne diseases are a major public health problem which predominantly affects infants and young children. Appropriate complementary food hygiene practice is very important to reduce the prevalence of foodborne illnesses. However, the information regarding this practice is not available and assessed before. Thus, the study was aimed to assess complementary food hygiene practices among mothers of children aged 6-23 months.

Methods
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Robe town on a samples of 517 mother-child pairs, which were selected by using systematic sampling technique. Data was collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaire, and each variable was described in the frequency and percentage. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with complementary food hygiene practice. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to assess levels of significance.

Result
The result indicated that 55% of participated mothers scored above the mean score of food hygiene practices. Mothers of children aged 12-23 months had higher odds to practice good food hygiene measures than those of aged 6-11 months (AOR, 1.82 95% CI (1.21, 2.73)). Mothers whose children attended growth monitoring session practice good food hygiene than their counterpart (AOR, 2.74 95% CI (1.49, 5.06)). Mothers having media exposure, and having knowledge on critical times of hand washing had relatively good food hygiene measures (AOR, 0.73 95 CI (1.14, 2.62)). Among food hygiene measures; handwashing with water and soap were low before eating food (17%), before feeding children (21%) and before preparing food (32%) when compared with after visiting the toilet (81%) and touching dirt (68%).

Conclusion and Recommendation
The study identified that food hygiene practices in the current study were mainly associated with child age, growth monitoring follow-up, maternal awareness about critical times of hand washing, and media exposure. So, improving knowledge of mothers on critical times of handwashing, strengthening growth monitoring follow-up and media promotion are important measures to improve food hygiene practices among mothers of infants and young children.
Colonial Labor Policy and North–South Migration in Ghana
Authors: Kuusaana Mariama Marciana
Published: January 2023

Although European contact with Ghana dates back to the second half of the fifteenth century (1471), it was in the closing decades of the nineteenth century that the northern part of the country had its first European visitor. This was M. J. Bonnat, a French trader, in 1876. Until then, much of European activity was limited to the southern part of the country. As the next century began following this historic visit, the present geographical location of modern Ghana was formerly declared and recognized as a British colony (January 1, 1902). Unlike the South of the Gold Coast, the North was not seen to have any natural resources to bolster the colonial economy. For the entire colonial period, therefore, the most significant benefit to be derived from the North by the colonial government was human labor. This had serious implications for north–south migration in the country. It necessitated the movement of people southwards to satisfy colonial labor needs. The early decades of the twentieth century marked a system of forced migration of only males from the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast to the south (from about 1906 to 1927). Segregation of families, exposure to the vagaries of the weather, disease and death were some of the immediate consequences resulting from the forced migration. For the rest of the colonial period, migration southwards became increasingly voluntary and women were gradually drawn into the migration process. To what extent has this early form of migration affected contemporary outmigration patterns and development in Northern Ghana? This article examines the dynamics that were involved in the forced labor recruitment and the impact arising out of this.
Beyond Resistance
Authors: Ngalamulume Kalala
Published: January 2023

Drawing on oral traditions and archival materials, this article examines the validity of claims made by the French colonial physicians and administrators that the African patients’ mistrust of and resistance to biomedicine had to do with their superstition, apathy, and ignorance, as well as with the pressure exercised upon them by healers, marabouts, and midwives. It argues that the African patients’ therapeutic choices were rational and were informed by their cultural history.