bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative genome analysis of microbial strains marketed for probiotic interventions: an extension of the Integrated Probiotic Database
Authors: Petraro Silvia , Tarracchini Chiara , Lugli Gabriele Andrea , Mancabelli Leonardo , Fontana Federico , Turroni Francesca , Ventura Marco , Milani Christian
Published: September 2024

Background: Members of the Bifidobacterium genus and lactobacilli are the most commonly used probiotics to promote human health. In this context, genome-based in silico analyses have been demonstrated as a fast and reliable tool for identifying and characterizing health-promoting activities imputed to probiotics.

Methods: This study is an extension of the Integrated Probiotic Database (IPDB) previously created on probiotics of the genus Bifidobacterium , facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the genetic characteristics that contribute to the diverse spectrum of beneficial effects of probiotics. The strains integrated into this new version of the IPDB, such as various lactobacilli and strains belonging to the species Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus ) and Heyndrickxia coagulans (H. coagulans ) (formerly Bacillus coagulans ), were selected based on the labels of probiotic formulations currently on the market and using the bacterial strains whose genome had already been sequenced. On these bacterial strains, comparative genome analyses were performed, mainly focusing on genetic factors that confer structural, functional, and chemical characteristics predicted to be involved in microbe-host and microbe-microbe interactions.

Results: Our investigations revealed marked inter- and intra-species variations in the genetic makeup associated with the biosynthesis of external structures and bioactive metabolites putatively associated with microbe- and host-microbe interactions.

Conclusion: Although genetic differences need to be confirmed as functional or phenotypic differences before any probiotic intervention, we believe that considering these divergences will aid in improving effective and personalized probiotic-based interventions.
Quantitative Measurement of Blood Flow in the Internal Jugular Veins in Different Body Positions in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Kawalec Agata , Czaja Joanna , Skuła Marcin , Simka Marian
Published: September 2024

Background. Of as yet, flow in the internal jugular veins has not been quantitatively studied in lateral decubitus position. Optimal venous outflow during sleep has been hypothesized to be potentially protective against neurodegeneration. Methods. Using ultrasonography, we measured the cross-sectional areas and flow volumes in middle parts of the internal jugular veins in group of 25 healthy individuals. These measurements were performed in the supine, upright and lateral decubitus positions. Results. In lateral decubitus positions we revealed collapse of the internal jugular vein located higher, and dilatation of the opposite vein; yet there was also a high heterogeneity of the cross-sectional area changes and in many participants this pattern was not observed. Regarding flow volumes, there was a shift of flow from one vein to the opposite one, depending on which side the person was lying, but in comparison with the supine position the total outflow through both internal jugular veins was not significantly different. Conclusions. In terms of venous outflow, the lateral decubitus position does not differ significantly from the supine one. Working hypothesis of potentially protective effect of this body position during sleep against neurodegeneration, through improved venous outflow, has not been proven, at least in healthy persons.
Redefining Data-Centric Design: A New Approach with a Domain Model and Core Data Ontology for Computational Systems
Authors: Johnson William , Davis James , Kelly Tara
Published: September 2024

This paper presents an innovative data-centric paradigm for designing computational systems by introducing a new informatics domain model. The proposed model moves away from the conventional node-centric framework and focuses on data-centric categorization, using a multimodal approach that incorporates objects, events, concepts, and actions. By drawing on interdisciplinary research and establishing a foundational ontology based on these core elements, the model promotes semantic consistency and secure data handling across distributed ecosystems. We also explore the implementation of this model as an OWL 2 ontology, discuss its potential applications, and outline its scalability and future directions for research. This work aims to serve as a foundational guide for system designers and data architects in developing more secure, interoperable, and scalable data systems.
Investigation of the Protective Effect of Gallic Acid on the Toxicity of Diazinon-Induced Mitochondrial Damage and Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Mice
Authors: Oladzadeh Mobina , Mohammadi Hamidreza
Published: September 2024

Background and Purpose: Oxidative stress is an important factor in the pathogenesis of neurological problems. One of the compounds causing oxidative stress is diazinon. In the present project, the protective role of gallic acid compound in reducing oxidative stress in brain tissue of mice exposed to diazinon was investigated.
Method: In this study, eight groups of six series of mice including the first group (control) of normal saline, the second group of diazinon (40 kg/mg) as IP, three groups of diazinon with gallic acid (50, 100, 200 kg/mg), was prescribed as a single dose and for 24 hours. The atropine + pralidoxime group was also evaluated as a standard treatment group. At 24 hours after the last dose, the animals were sacrificed and brain tissue was examined to assess oxidative stress parameters, including glutathione content, protein carbonyl content, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial function in mitochondria isolated from brain tissue.
Results: The results of this research showed that oxidative stress biomarkers increased significantly (P
An Assessment of Empirical Thinking in Islam
Authors: Kusuma Kumara Adji
Published: September 2024

This research explores the intersection between empiricism and Islamic epistemology, focusing on the limitations of sensory perception in capturing reality. Although empiricism plays an important role in Islamic thought, its exclusive reliance on sensory experience limits the understanding of phenomena beyond perception. Through a comparative analysis of Islamic philosophical texts and empirical literature, this study reveals the compatibility of empirical inquiry with metaphysical insights in Islam. By advocating a holistic approach to acquiring knowledge, this research contributes to the broader philosophical discourse, emphasizing the synthesis of empirical methods with spiritual insights for a comprehensive understanding of reality.
Highlights :
 

Empirical limitations: Highlighting the constraints of sensory perception in grasping reality.
Compatibility of methodologies: Demonstrating the harmony between empirical inquiry and Islamic metaphysical principles.
Synthesis of knowledge: Advocating for a holistic approach that integrates empirical methods and spiritual insights for a comprehensive understanding of reality.

Keywords: Empiricism, Islamic epistemology, Sensory perception, Metaphysical insights, Holistic approach
Government's Role in TPA Waste Management
Authors: Alfi Lisa Dwi , Mursyidah Lailul
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the government's role in waste management at Jabon TPA, Jabon District, Sidoarjo. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data collection involves interviews, observation, and documentation, utilizing purposive sampling. The analysis encompasses data collection, reduction, analysis, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal effective and smooth execution of the government's role in waste management, as evidenced by the fulfillment of various indicators. The study's concise yet comprehensive nature provides valuable insights into the successful governance of waste management practices, offering implications for broader contexts and policy considerations
Highlight :

The study employs a qualitative approach to investigate the government's role in waste management at Jabon TPA, providing valuable insights into the effectiveness of governance practices.
Data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation, utilizing purposive sampling, ensures a comprehensive and thorough examination of the waste management scenario.
The findings demonstrate the successful fulfillment of government roles, marking a significant contribution to the discourse on efficient waste management practices and policy considerations

Keywords: Waste Management, Government Role, Descriptive Research, Qualitative Approach, Jabon TPA
Implementation of Pamsimas: Realizing the Sustainability of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Villages
Authors: Pane Chairunnas , Mursyidah Lailul
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the implementation of Community-Based Drinking Water and Sanitation Provision (Pamsimas) in Sidomulyo Village, Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency. This qualitative research provides an overview of the implementation process in the village. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and data verification techniques proposed by Miles and Huberman. The results indicate that communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure are key indicators of Pamsimas implementation in Sidomulyo Village. Communication is smooth, resources are sufficient, residents are committed, and the bureaucratic structure adheres to standard operating procedures. These findings have implications for the successful implementation of Pamsimas in similar contexts, highlighting the importance of effective communication, adequate resources, community engagement, and adherence to standard procedures
Highlight :

Effective communication is a key indicator of successful Pamsimas implementation.
Adequate resources are necessary for the implementation of Pamsimas.
Adherence to standard operating procedures is crucial for the successful implementation of Pamsimas.

Keywords: Pamsimas, implementation, community-based, drinking water, sanitation.
Enhancing Financial Report Quality in Indonesia Through HR, Standards, and Controls
Authors: Setiawan M. Rizal , NURASIK
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of Human Resources (HR) quality, Government Accounting Standards (SAP) implementation, and Internal Control Systems (SPI) on the financial report quality at the Taman District Office in Sidoarjo Regency. Using a sample of 54 employees and a quantitative approach, data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed with multiple linear regression. Findings show that HR quality, SAP implementation, and SPI significantly influence financial report quality both individually and collectively, with a combined impact of 65.5%. Specifically, HR quality contributes 32%, SAP implementation 36.7%, and SPI 37.3%. To enhance financial report quality, improvements in HR, SAP application, and SPI are recommended.
Highlight:

HR quality, SAP implementation, and SPI significantly influence financial report quality.
Combined impact of these factors on report quality is 65.5%.
HR quality, SAP, and SPI contribute 32%, 36.7%, and 37.3%, respectively.

Keywoard:  Financial reports, Human resources, Government Accounting Standards, Internal Control Systems, Taman District Office
Optimizing Village Accountability Through SISKEUDES Financial System Implementation
Authors: Anggraeni Marita , Fitriyah Hadiah
Published: September 2024

Law no. 6 of 2014 mandates village government accountability, leading to the creation of the Village Financial System (SISKEUDES) by BPKP. This study investigates SISKEUDES implementation in Kepunten Tulangan Sidoarjo Village, focusing on APBDes (Village Budget) accountability. Using qualitative methods, including observation, interviews, and documentation, data were collected from key informants. Findings reveal SISKEUDES significantly enhances accountability and transparency, aiding efficient financial management and timely reporting. This research underscores the importance of technological solutions in improving local governance and promoting transparency.
Highlight:

echnology Boosts Accountability: SISKEUDES enhances village government financial transparency.
Research Methods: Employed qualitative techniques including observation and interviews.
Governance Efficiency: SISKEUDES facilitates efficient financial management and transparency.

Keywoard: SISKEUDES, Accountability, Transparency, Local Governance, Financial Management
Leadership and Rewards Drive Performance-Based Budgeting in Indonesia
Authors: Sunari Sunari , Biduri Sarwenda
Published: September 2024

This research investigates the impact of organizational commitment, human resource quality, leadership style, and rewards on performance-based budgeting in Sidoarjo Regency's local government agencies. Using a quantitative approach and surveying 100 employees, data were collected via closed questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS Statistics software version 26. Results show that while organizational commitment has an insignificant impact, leadership style and rewards significantly influence performance-based budgeting, and human resource quality has no effect. These findings highlight the importance of effective leadership and reward systems in enhancing budget implementation. Limitations include a restricted sample size, suggesting further research with broader scope and additional variables.
Highlight: 

Leadership Impact: Leadership style significantly affects performance-based budgeting implementation.
Rewards Role: Rewards enhance employees' performance and budget implementation.
Human Resources: Quality of human resources does not impact budget implementation.

Keywoard: Organizational Commitment, Human Resource Quality, Leadership Style, Rewards, Performance-Based Budgeting
The Effect of Microwave Oven Power Variations on Co-Pyrolysis Process of Oil Palm Shells and Polystyrene
Authors: Nazarrudin Rizal , Saptoadi Harwin
Published: September 2024

Indonesia has a very large area of ​​oil palm plantations, one of which is the island of Sumatra. However, in processing and handling palm oil product waste in the form of palm shells, it has not been maximized. Therefore, the chemical decomposition process can play an important role in supporting waste management and sustainable energy use in Indonesia which is not yet optimal. In this research, the proper use of power will be tested with the help of microwaves as a reactor for the co-pyrolysis process of oil palm shells and polystyrene plastic. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate power to produce maximum co-pyrolysis products and to investigate the physical characteristics of the oil-pyrolytic products. The test uses a microwave oven which has a power variation of 300 W, 450 W, 600 W, and 800 W with the addition of a catalyst. The ratio of the composition of oil palm shells to polystyrene plastic is 1:1 with a total mass of 105 gr and using coconut shell charcoal as an activated carbon absorber. The pyrolysis temperature is 500 ℃, the nitrogen gas flow rate is 1.5 LPM, and the pyrolysis time is 60 minutes. Furthermore, testing the physical properties of the pyrolysis oil product in the form of density, acidity, and viscosity testing. The results showed that the optimal power to obtain oil-pyrolytic was 600 W with a product oil of 17.6%, and from the physical properties it had a low viscosity value of 2.55 mPa.s with a pH level of 6.6.
Psychological Approach To Riskology
Authors: Dinorokhon Muminova  , Muratova Zulhumor Jamolovna
Published: September 2024

In modern riskology, a certain amount of research experience has been accumulated on risk issues. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to classify theoretical approaches in order to determine the definitions of the main features of riskology. To do this, it is expedient to refer not only to the social, but also to the economic, cultural and statistical features of the studied phenomena
The Process Of Quality Education - As A Mechanical Combination Of Teaching And Learning Processes
Authors: Rustam Abdullayev
Published: September 2024

Quality education depends on the fact that students are well educated. Therefore, the educational process is a combination of educational and pedagogical tasks. One of the factors confirming theintegrity of the educational and pedagogical tasks of education is the fact that teaching methods are expressedas an integral part of teaching methods, and secondly, educational methods themselves are manifested asmethods of motivating learning.
Normal Macroscopic, Morphological, and Morphometric Parameters of the Esophagus of Whiterats
Authors: Temirov Orifjon Olimovich
Published: September 2024

Histological methods of analysis of the morphofunctional status of the esophagus are widely used in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract of various etiologies. However, their results do not always reflect the disruption of the entire organ structure. All this together increases the interest of researchers in the application of new methods of assessing esophageal pathology, which may be associated with microscopic evaluation of criteria for changes in esophageal pathomorphological structures, several anti-inflammatory agents, i.e. help detect changes in polypragmasic state. Therefore, macroscopic and microscopic studies of white esophageal rat esophagus were aimed at studying the normal data of esophageal tissue and comparing them with pathological processes, and 12 white non-white rat esophageal macroscopic and microscopic studies were performed.
The Ascent to the Anthropological Idea of Freedom: the Age of Antiquity
Authors:   The National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Kozyrkov Vladimir
Published: September 2024

The article reveals the process of formation of the anthropological paradigm of the idea of freedom on the materials of ancient culture. The method is dialectics of ascent from the abstract to the concrete. Antique culture produces the first stage of the ascension process, when freedom had a holistic but abstract character. Freedom was defined meaningfully as a qualitative state of man opposite to slavery. The author shows the dialectic nature of this process already at the first stage, when freedom and slavery were considered as opposites, passing into each other. The author analyses the experience of going beyond the ancient paradigm of freedom, which formed the ideological elements and prerequisites of freedom in subsequent epochs.
Psychopathology and Artificial Intelligence: a Space of Subjectlessness?
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis, Tsvetkova Olga
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the problems of diagnostic and psychotherapeutic use of AI in the field of mental health. The problem of the paradigmatic foundations of programming an AI algorithm, the problem of the quality of Big Data on the basis of which AI is trained, the problem of eliminating human-AI differences in psychiatric discourse, as well as the key importance of subjectivity in psychotherapy are considered. The prospects for studying the differences between intersubjective contact and subject-AI contact, the problem of the impact of AI on the subject and the ability of the subject to recognize the imitation of subjectivity are also outlined.
Suarez Francisco
Authors:   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Vdovina Galina
Published: September 2024

The material on the philosophy and theology of Francisco Suarez is collected and analyzed: Suarez's life path is presented, his works are described in detail, including the chronology of their publication and problems, Suarez's contribution to the dogmatic theology of Catholicism, philosophical psychology, metaphysics and philosophical theology as a separate part of metaphysics is summarized. The influence of Suarez's thought on the major philosophers of Modern times is shown.
The Vertex Dialectic of F.M. Dostoevsky: what kind of man is calling out now?
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Simush Petr
Published: September 2024

The article presents the concept of humanity within the framework of F.M. Dostoevsky's dialectical theology. It reveals man's action either good or bad and is addressed to the Absolute demanding the rightness of choice.
At a Crossroads: a Tragicomic Shot of Serial Dehumanization
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Fatenkov Aleksey
Published: September 2024

In correlation with the semantics of the word “crossroads”, the modern worldview situation is conceptualized. The problems of humanism and dehumanization are in focus. While defending the humanist position in general, the author points out its weakness: humanism has not been able to escape the temptation of the idea of immortality, although the project of immortality steadily leads to de-individualization and thus to dehumanization.
Trabajando y cuidando el hogar en tiempos de pandemia: efectos en la calidad de vida de docentes de Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) colombianas
Authors: Bedoya-Dorado Cristian , Campo-Cucuñame Nathalia , Mondragón-Arenas Diana Marcela
Published: September 2024

El confinamiento obligatorio producto de la pandemia por covid-19, obligó a distintas organizaciones a adaptarse a modalidades de trabajo remoto, como fue el caso de las instituciones de educación superior (IES). El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar y contrastar los efectos que tuvo el trabajo remoto en la calidad de vida de docentes pertenecientes a IES colombianas durante la pandemia, desde una perspectiva de género. El estudio empírico de enfoque cuantitativo contó con la participación de una muestra no probabilística de 226 docentes, quienes estuvieron vinculados laboralmente en IES públicas, privadas o mixtas, y respondieron a través de un cuestionario en línea. Los resultados evidencian el efecto que tuvieron las condiciones de trabajo remoto en la percepción de una sobrecarga de trabajo, tensiones en la mediación de la vida laboral y familiar, y efectos colaterales. Desde una perspectiva de género, se encontró que las mujeres docentes reportaron sentir en mayor medida los efectos colaterales del trabajo remoto en relación con manifestaciones psicológicas y fisiológicas que afectaron su bienestar. Asimismo, el cuidado de los hijos, tanto de mujeres como de hombres docentes, tuvo mayor incidencia en la mediación de la vida laboral y familiar. Los resultados del estudio permiten evidenciar los efectos que tiene la organización del trabajo bajo modalidades remotas en la calidad de vida de trabajadores docentes, lo que constituye un insumo para las prácticas y procesos de recursos humanos.
BPPV Nystagmus Signals Diagnosis Framework Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Liu ZhiChao , Wang YiHong , Zhu Mingzhu , Zhang JianWei , He Bingwei
Published: September 2024

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is a prevalent vestibular disorder encountered in clinical settings. Diagnosis of this condition primarily relies on the observation of nystagmus, which involves monitoring the eye movements of patients. However, existing medical equipment for collecting and analyzing nystagmus data has notable limitations and deficiencies. To address this challenge, a comprehensive BPPV nystagmus data collection and intelligent analysis framework has been developed. Our framework leverages a neural network model, Egeunet, in conjunction with mathematical statistical techniques like Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), enabling precise segmentation of eye structures and accurate analysis of eye movement data. Furthermore, an eye movement analysis method has been introduced, designed to enhance clinical decision-making, resulting in more intuitive and clear analysis outcomes. Benefiting from the high sensitivity of our eye movement capture and its robustness in the face of environmental conditions and noise, our BPPV nystagmus data collection and intelligent analysis framework has demonstrated outstanding performance in BPPV detection.
A Systematic Review of Machine Learning in Robotics-Assisted Rehabilitation
Authors: Nicora Giovanna , Pe Samuele , Santangelo Gabriele , Billeci Lucia , Aprile Irene Giovanna , Germanotta Marco , Bellazzi Riccardo , Parimbelli Enea , Quaglini Silvana
Published: September 2024

Robotic technology is expected to transform rehabilitation settings, by providing precise, repetitive, and task-specific interventions, thereby potentially improving patients’ clinical outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have been widely applied in different areas to support robotic rehabilitation, from controlling robot movements to real-time patient assessment. To provide and overview the current landscape and the impact of AI/ML use in robotics rehabilitation, we performed a systematic review focusing on the use of AI and robotics in rehabilitation from a broad perspective, encompassing different pathologies and body districts, and considering both motor and neurocognitive rehabilitation. We searched the Scopus and IEEE Xplore databases, focusing on the studies involving human participants. After article retrieval, a tagging phase was carried out to devise a comprehensive and easily-interpretable taxonomy: its categories include the aim of the AI/ML within the rehabilitation system, the type of algorithms used, and the location of robots and sensors. The selected articles span multiple domains and diverse aims, such as movement classification, trajectory prediction, and patient evaluation, demonstrating the potential of ML to revolutionize personalized therapy and improve patient engagement. ML is reported as highly effective in predicting movement intentions, assessing clinical outcomes, and detecting compensatory movements, providing insights into the future of personalized rehabilitation interventions. Our analysis also reveals pitfalls in the current use of AI/ML in this area, such as potential explainability issues and poor generalization ability when these systems are applied in real-world settings.
Assessment of left atrium appendage morphology by 3D transesophageal echocardiography and itʼs relation to thrombus formation
Authors: Khalil Hend Ahmed , Sakr Sherif A , Sobh Hoda M
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study was to assess different LAA shapes by 3D TEE and to find the relationship between the morphology of the LAA and the incidence of SEC and thrombus formation.
Patients and methods: this is prospective cross sectional study included sixty patients underwent 2D & 3D TEE and assessed for LAA morphology and presence of SEC or thrombus.
Results: regarding different shapes of LAA we found21windsock (35.1%), 17 cactus (28.3%) ,11 chicken wing (18.3%)and 11 cauliflower 11(18.33%). Thrombus found in 3 cases (5.0%), SEC in 15 cases (25.0%). There is significant association between morphology of LAA and presence of SEC; which noticed only in non – chicken wing shapes (7 in cauliflower, 5 in windsock, 3 in cactus and 0 in chicken wing) . There is significant association between morphology of LAA and thrombus formation; the 3 thrombus were found in cactus (100%) and regarding number of LAA lobes that bi lobed were the most common in 41.66% of cases, then single lobed in 33.33% of cases and the least common were multi lobed.
There is significant relationship between shape of LAA and orifice area (p-value =0.009); cauliflower associated with the largest orifice area and chicken wing with the smallest orifice area. The cauliflower had the largest number of lobes 3-5, the smallest number of lobes associated with windsock 1-2.
Conclusion: 3D TEE provide detailed assessment of LAA shapes and it’s special anatomical characteristic. In our study, non-chicken wing LAA shapes was associated with higher prevalence of SEC and thrombus.
PCDH17 induces colorectal cancer metastasis by destroying the vascular endothelial barrier
Authors: Zhang Bin , Dong Fengyun , Zhou Pinghui , Kong Feifei , Cao Sijie , Pan Xiaozao , Cai Shujing , Chen Xinke , Wang Sen , Li Na , He Baoyu , Zhao Rou , Bie Qingli
Published: September 2024

Compromised vascular integrity facilitates the cancer cells extravasation and metastasis. However, the mechanisms leading to a disruption in vascular integrity in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. In this study, PCDH17 expression was higher in the vascular endothelial cells of colon cancer with distant metastasis, and the rates of PCDH17+ endothelial cells (ECs) was associated with the M stage in clinical pathological characteristics analysis and correlated with a poor survival prognosis. The liver and lung metastatic dissemination of MC-38 was significantly decreased in PCDH17–/–mice. The ubiquitination degradation of VEGFR2 was prevented by the interaction between PCDH17 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCH5, which causing the separation of internalized VE-cadherin, then increasing the vascular permeability and metastasis of CRC. These results highlight the importance of PCDH17 in maintaining vascular integrity, which has emphasis for endothelial barrier function in metastatic cancer. PCDH17 has the potential to be a marker for predicting tumor metastasis as well as a viable treatment target for CRC.
Time to viral load re-suppression and predictors among adult patients on Second-line Anti- Retro Viral Therapy at Northeastern Ethiopia: A multi-centered Retrospective Follow-up study
Authors: Melaku Abebe Yehualaw , Cherie Niguss , Birhanu Tarikua Afework , Wudu Muluken Amare
Published: September 2024

Background
Despite the increasing number of patients on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia, there is limited evidence regarding the time to viral re-suppression. Consequently, this study aimed to assess the time to viral load re-suppression and its predictors among adult patients on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Northeastern Ethiopia.
Method
A multi-centered, institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted, including 526 adults living with HIV who were on second-line ART in northeast Ethiopia. A Weibull proportional hazards model was fitted to identify predictors of viral re-suppression among adult patients on second-line antiretroviral therapy in Northeastern Ethiopia.
Result
The median time to viral re-suppression was 9 months (IQR = 3–15 months). Moreover, the rate of viral re-suppression was 44.3 per 1,000 person-months (95% CI: 40.4–49). Predictors of viral re-suppression included disclosure of HIV status [AHR 2.24 (95% CI: 1.4–3.7)], classification in WHO clinical stages I and II [AHR 6.9 (95% CI: 4.4–9.6)], receipt of TB preventive treatment [AHR 3.7 (95% CI: 2.3–5.93)], absence of first-line drug substitution history [AHR 1.44 (95% CI: 1.2–1.8)], and good adherence to treatment [AHR 1.9 (95% CI: 1.4–2.54)].
Conclusion and Recommendations
In this study, the time to viral load re-suppression was longer than expected. Health managers and ART care providers must improve the timing and effectiveness of early disclosure, encourage the early use of TB prophylaxis, and maintain good adherence through various strategies.
Enhancing Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy with DOX-Loaded SiO2 Nanoparticles via mTOR-TFEB Pathway Autophagic Flux Inhibition
Authors: Chen Huanyu , Liu Jun , Cao Zhichao , Li Jiajia , Zhang Hong , Yang Qianqian , Shen Yuxian , He Kewu
Published: September 2024

Chemotherapeutic drugs often fail to provide long-term efficacy due to their lack of specificity and high toxicity. To enhance the biosafety and reduce the side effects of these drugs, various nanocarrier delivery systems have been developed. In this study, we loaded the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and an MRI contrast agent into silica nanoparticles, coating them with pH-responsive and tumor cell-targeting polymers. These polymers enable the carrier to achieve targeted delivery and controlled drug release in acidic environments. This integrated diagnostic and therapeutic strategy successfully achieved both the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Additionally, we demonstrated that the nanocarrier inhibits autophagic flux in liver cancer cells by targeting the autophagy-lysosome pathway and regulating the nuclear translocation of TFEB, thereby promoting tumor cell death. This novel diagnostic-integrated nanocarrier is expected to be a promising tool for targeted liver cancer treatment.
RETRACTED: Effect of erector spinae plane block on intravenous opioid consumption and postoperative pain in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery
Authors: GÜNEL BEDİRHAN , BALABAN ONUR , OKUMUS BUSRA EREN , KOCER HAVVA BELMA , ERDEM ALİ FUAT
Published: September 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Assessment of Adherence to Self-Care Practices of Known Hypertensive Out-Patients in the Cardiology Unit of Tertiary Hospitals in South-Eastern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Authors: Anene-Okeke Chigozie Gloria , Omeje Ezinne Godsgift , Ikeanyi Chinelo Nneka
Published: September 2024

Background
Adherence is a primary determinant of the effectiveness of treatment as poor adherence attenuates optimum clinical benefit and paves the way for complications. The aim of the study was to assess adherence to self-care practices of hypertensive patients.
Results
About 297(59.4%) adhered to medication use, 259(59.4%) was adherent to low salt diet, 255(51.0%) adhered to physical activity while 300(60%) adhered to weight management self-care practices. Most of the patients 361(72.2%) were non- smokers, however, a lot of them consume alcohol 363(72.6%). Gender was associated medication use (X2 (1) = 7.152, p = 0.007) while educational level had an association with physical activity and smoking (X2 (3) = 31.898, p = 0.000).
Conclusion
The hypertensive patients had high level of self-care practices for hypertension, however, adherence to the DASH diet was low. The practice of exercise, and weight control was moderate. Patient-specific targeted interventions are required to improve self-care practices for hypertension. Improving self-management practices for hypertension requires targeted, patient-specific interventions.
Study on the foam production characteristics of air self-suction foam generator by jet
Authors: Lu Caiyuan , Wu Yuxin , zhu Di , Liang Yuntao
Published: September 2024

Confined space fires could easily cause serious casualties and property damage, and foam is an effective means of preventing confined space fires. The existing foam generator does not have both momentum and foam expansion rate (FER) and is poorly suited to confined spaces. In order to develop a foam generator suitable for confined space fire protection, an in-depth analysis of the physical foaming characteristics of self-suction foam is required, and the structure of the foam generator is optimized accordingly. For this reason, this paper analyzes the foaming characteristics and forming principle of air self-suction foam generator, and simulates and studies the over-current ratio of rectifying orifice plate with the help of Fluent software, φ (the ratio of the area of the fluid that can pass through the rectifier disk to the vertical cross-sectional area of the fluid flow), the distribution patterns of flow field, pressure, and turbulence intensity inside the foaming machine are determined by the nozzle cavity spacing and mixing cavity diameter. The study demonstrates that water flow is the most effective means of entraining air, and that the contact between the fluid and foam network is most thorough when the overflow ratio of the fan disc (φ) is 0.455, the distance between nozzle cavities μ (the distance between the nozzle and the closest end face of the foam chamber vertically.) is 200 mm, and the diameter of the mixing chamber (d) is 260 mm. These conditions are optimal for the foam generator. Experimental verification shows that the device has the strongest air entrainment capability at φ 0.455. The foam mesh number (m), foam mesh spacing (l), and number of layers of foam mesh (n) significantly impact the air self-solution foaming of the jet. These factors influence FER, range (L), foam stacking thickness (σ), and unfoamed liquid separation rate (γ, Foam solution not involved in the foaming process.), but the magnitude of their effect varies. Considering the four factors affecting foam production performance, the optimal effect is achieved when the foam mesh of 16, the foam mesh spacing of 3 cm, the foam mesh of 2 layers, the distance between the foam mesh and the nozzle is 22 cm and φ is 0.455. Under these conditions, the foaming ratio (FER) of the jet self-suction foaming machine is 42 times, with L at 13 m, σ at 7 cm, and γ at 0.15 L/s. A device has been developed for long-distance and high FER air self-suction of foam generator, which can significantly assist in fire prevention and extinguishing in confined spaces.
The impact of resection margins in primary resection of high grade soft tissue sarcomas: a single-center analysis of 203 patients
Authors: Steffens Julian Miles , Budny Tymoteusz , Gosheger Georg , Vaal Marieke , Rachbauer Anna Maria , Laufer Andrea , Engel Nina Myline , Deventer Niklas
Published: September 2024

Background:
The World Health Organization’s (WHO) classification of tumors contains around 80 entities of soft tissue sarcomas (STS). Till now surgery is the standard treatment for patients with localized STS but the adequacy of resection margins in soft tissue sarcomas (STS) remains a topic of intense discussion.
Methods:
This single-center study retrospectively reviewed 203 patients with primary high-grade soft tissue sarcoma, including a follow-up period of at least 24 months unless a local recurrence occurred earlier (1-170 months). Patients with prior resection, secondary STS, metastasis at presentation or those who required amputational surgery were excluded from the study. Patients were categorized based on their margin thickness: positive (n = 13, 6.4%), 0–1 mm (n = 67, 33.0%), 1–5 mm (n = 70, 34.5%), and > 5 mm (n = 27, 13.3%).
Results:
A total of 64 out of 203 (31.5%) patients developed a local recurrence. The estimated 5-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was 11.5% (CI 4–25%) for positive margins, 58% (CI 51–64%) for margins 0–1 mm, 76% (CI 70–81%) for margins > 1–5 mm, and 93% (CI 88–98%) for margins > 5 mm. No local recurrences occurred in patients with margins > 5 mm and adjuvant radiotherapy. Margin status significantly influenced the development of distant metastasis and overall survival. Adjuvant radiotherapy improved both local control and overall survival.
Conclusions:
To minimize the risk of local recurrence (LR) and achieve near-complete local control, a resection margin greater than 5 mm should be attained. When adjuvant radiotherapy is applied, the likelihood of LR decreases even more. In scenarios where preserving critical structures is essential, a resection margin of less than 5 mm can be acceptable for ensuring local control. Achieving an R0 resection is imperative for ensuring distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival.
Assessing the Clinical Impact of Cardiac Intensivists in Cardiac Intensive Care Units.: Results from the RESCUE registry
Authors: Bae Dae-Hwan , Lee Sang Yeub , Bae Jang-Whan , Yang Jeong Hoon , Ko Young-Guk , Ahn Chul-Min , Yu Cheol Woong , Chun Woo Jung , Kim Hyun-Joong , Kim Bum Sung , Kwon Sung Uk , Kim Je Sang , Lee Wang Soo , Jang Woo Jin , Jeong Jin-Ok , Park Sang-Don , Lim Seong-Hoon , Cho Sungsoo , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol
Published: September 2024

Background
The presence of dedicated intensive care unit (ICU) physicians is associated with reduced ICU mortality. However, the information available on the role of cardiac intensivists in cardiac ICUs (CICUs) is limited. Therefore, we investigated the association of cardiac intensivist–directed care with clinical outcomes in adult patients admitted to the CICU.
Methods
In this retrospective study, we extracted data from the SMART-RESCUE registry, a multicenter, retrospective, and prospective registry of patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. Overall, 1,247 patients with CS were enrolled, between January 2014 and December 2018, from 12 tertiary centers in Korea. The patients were categorized into two groups based on the involvement of a cardiac intensivist in their care. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality rate.
Results
The all-cause mortality rate was 33.6%. The in-hospital mortality rate was lower (25.4%) in the cardiac intensivist group than in the non-cardiac intensivist group (40.1%). Cardiac mortality rates were 20.5% and 35.4% in the cardiac intensivist and non-cardiac intensivist groups, respectively. In patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the mortality rate at centers with cardiac intensivists was 38.0%, whereas that at centers without cardiac intensivists was 62.2%. The dopamine use was lower, norepinephrine use was higher, and vasoactive-inotropic score was lower in the cardiac intensivist group than in the non-cardiac intensivist group.
Conclusions
Involvement of a cardiac intensivist in CICU patient care was associated with a reduction in in-hospital mortality rate and the administration of a low dose of vasopressors and inotropes according to the cardiogenic shock guidelines.
Scalp Cooling in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia for Early Breast Cancer Patients: Long-Term Outcomes of Real- Life Data
Authors: Pasqualoni Mariangela , Orlando Laura , Loparco Dario , Quaranta Annamaria , Caliolo Chiara , Schiavone Paola , Mastrantoni Luca , Rendini Mariangela , Tortora Giampaolo , Cinieri Saverio
Published: September 2024

Purpose
Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) negatively impacts quality of life of breast cancer patients. The present observational study was designed to confirm the efficacy and safety of scalp-cooling system to prevent CIA in early breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods
We prospectively evaluated all early BC patients undergoing scalp cooling during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy in our Institution. Primary endpoint was to assess the success of scalp cooling system (hair loss ≤ 50%).
Results
We included 252 early breast cancer patients treated from May 2016 to July 2023; median age was 49 years, 46% had stage II disease. Most of them received adjuvant chemotherapy (77.4%) and anthracycline-based regimens (78.2%). Hair loss ≤ 50% was observed in 72% of overall patients: in all patients treated with paclitaxel weekly-based chemotherapy, and in 63% and 75% of pts treated with anthracycline and docetaxel-cyclophosphamide regimens respectively (anthracycline-based versus anthracycline-free regimens, p ≤ 0.05). Hair thickness, straightening, permanent hair and BMI were factors linked to the risk of hair loss (p ≤ 0.05). Sixty-nine percent of patients had almost one adverse event, coldness the most frequent (62%); 13% of patients early discontinued the use of the scalp cooling system. With a median months of follow-up of 35 months, no scalp metastasis was reported.
Conclusion
These results support the use of scalp-cooling in preventing CIA for early breast cancer patients receiving (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy especially if they underwent anthracycline-free regimens, reducing the negative psychological impact of oncological treatments on their lives.
Performance Improvement of Single Phase Grid connected Solar PV System using SOGI-EPLL under Grid Disturbances
Authors: Jaglan Ashish , Panchal Abhishek , Saroha Sumit , Singla Pardeep
Published: September 2024

This paper evaluates the performance of various Phase-Locked Loops (PLL) based control techniques in the context of renewable energy specifically Solar PV integration and power grid synchronization. The controllers used in this investigation include traditional PLL along with advanced counterparts such as: Second-Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) PLL (SOGI-PLL), Cascaded Second-Order Generalized Integrator PLL (CSOGI-PLL), Extended PLL (EPLL), and a proposed technique which is a novel SOGI-based Extended PLL (SOGI-EPLL). Each controller's response has been tested on different disturbances, including changes in amplitude, frequency, DC offsets, and harmonic components to assess its effectiveness in achieving stable and accurate control. The results obtained by experimental analysis in terms of settling time revealed that the proposed SOGI-EPLL technique showcasing its efficiency by achieving stable operation with minimum delay of 2 ms. On the other hand traditional PLL exhibited longer settling time specifically at the time of disturbances. Further, this paper also investigates the performance of all the methods in terms of frequency overshoot, peak phase error of 0.00005 Hz and 0.00005 degree respectively by proposed technique which quantifies the deviation of the output frequency and phase from the desired parameter before stabilization in all the above mentioned disturbances.
Association Between Sex Hormones Levels and Cancer Prevalence in Women：A Study On NHANES 2007-2020
Authors: Zhao Feng , Zhang Feng , Sun Hao , Cheng Guangdong , Xin Ran , Miao Xin
Published: September 2024

Background: Estradiol and testosterone are the two most important sex hormones in the human body. Previous studies have shown that these two sex hormones have a certain relationship with the prevalence of cancer.
Methods: Subject data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis, interaction analysis, RCS, and mediation effects. Measures in the demographic characteristics data were described as mean (SD) to describe the distribution, and t-tests were used to determine differences between groups. Count data were expressed as N (%), and the chi-square test was used to determine differences between groups.
Results: The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed a negative correlation between testosterone levels and cancer prevalence, and a negative correlation between estradiol levels and breast cancer prevalence. Cancer prevalence and breast cancer prevalence were both lower in people with high estradiol and testosterone levels. There was a significant non-linear relationship between estradiol and cancer prevalence (P=0.03), while there was a significant linear relationship between testosterone and cancer prevalence (P=0.27). None of the results of the median analysis showed a significant linear relationship between testosterone and cancer incidence (P>0.05). Association between testosterone and cancer risk mediated by PIR (IE=-6.46e-04, P=0.54;DE=-8.18e-02, P<0.01). Association between testosterone and cancer risk mediated by Energy (IE=-5.45e-04, P=0.89;DE=-8.08e-02, P<0.01).
Conclusion: Serum testosterone levels were more significantly and negatively correlated with cancer prevalence in women. Serum estradiol levels were more significantly and negatively correlated with breast cancer prevalence. There was a significant nonlinear relationship between estradiol and cancer prevalence.
Distribution of Causes of Death and Associated Organ Injuries in Road Traffic Accident-Related Fatalities: A Post-mortem Study at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College
Authors: Sete Gashaw , Temesgen Selam
Published: September 2024

Background: According to the WHO, there were 1.35 million road traffic accident (RTA)-related deaths in 2016, with a significantly higher death rate in developing countries compared to developed ones.
Objective: To assess the distribution of causes of death and associated organ injuries in RTA-related fatalities.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department of Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) from January 1 to March 31, 2018. The study included 207 autopsies of RTA-related deaths. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results: Among 198 victims, the leading causes of death were craniocerebral injury (19.2%), blunt head injury (17.7%), and multiple injuries (14.6%). The majority (49%) died pre-hospital, 37.9% at the hospital, and 5.6% at home. Pedestrians were the most affected (71%), followed by passengers (16%). Urban areas had a higher incidence of accidents (58.1%). All victims had soft tissue injuries, with 75.3% sustaining head injuries, 58.6% musculoskeletal injuries, and 51% thoracic injuries.
Conclusion: Addressing RTA-related deaths requires a multifaceted approach involving various stakeholders.