bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adjacent Segment Disease Associated with Klippel-Feil Syndrome: A New Classification System with Corresponding Therapeutic Options
Authors: Yilmaz Murat , Ikizoglu Ersin , Arslan Mert , Yucesoy Kemal , Erbayraktar Serhat R.
Published: December 2022

Background
Klippel-Feil Syndrome (KFS) is described as the clinical triad of short neck, low posterior hairline, and limitation of neck mobility.

Objective
Topresent our clinical experience with KFS patients who also had adjacent segment disease (ASD) and to propose a novel classification system for these patients.

Methods
This retrospective study was performed in the neurosurgery department of our tertiary care center. Data were gathered using the medical records of 22 KFS patients (10 males, 12 females) with ASD. Diagnosis was confirmed with imaging modalities including X-ray, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical and radiological findings as well as therapeutic outcomes were noted.

Results
The average age of our series was 56.09 (range: 41 to 67) years. The operative technique was selected as for our novel “Yilmaz-Yucesoy Classification System”. Accordingly, one patient (4.54 %) received non-surgical treatment (Yilmaz-Yucesoy Grade 1), six cases (27.27 %) underwent anterior cervical arthroplasty, seven patients (31.81 %) underwent anterior cervical discectomy or corpectomy and fusion with cervical cage and plate (Yilmaz-Yucesoy Grade 3). Eight patients (36.36 %) with cervical spinal instability had anterior cervical discectomy or corpectomy and fusion with cervical cage and plate (Yilmaz-Yucesoy Grade 4). No mortality or remarkable complications were detected.

Conclusion
Appropriate and timely recognition and classification of patients with KFS and ASD based on our newly proposed “Yilmaz-Yucesoy Classification System” yielded promising treatment outcomes. However, further prospective, randomized, controlled trials are warranted on larger series to validate our preliminary results.
Design of Stopwatch based on STC89C52 Single Chip Microcomputer
Authors: Wang Wei , Sun Yongjian
Published: December 2022

This design is according to the requirements of the wide rider, and the Multi-function bike computer has the function of velocity measurement, display, timing, lighting, buzzer warning, which could satisfy the requirements of cycling enthusiasts. This design is based on STC89C52 SCM (Single Chip Microcomputer) smallest system and uses hall sensor receives the bicycle wheel rotation numbers date, and then transmit the received data into the SCM. After the SCM’s calculation and processing, it gets the bicycle’s instantaneous speed, mileage, riding time through the LED display the date. The part of software programming use C language, which compiles and downloads by the Keil and STC-ISP. This design uses Proteus to make the circuit diagram drawing and system simulation. The overall program adopted modular approach, and each module has a special function. The idea which makes the program more clear, is advantageous to the optimization of code logic and modification.
Understanding the Stealth Properties of PEGylated lipids: A Mini-Review
Authors: Poornima Kalyanram , Puri Anu , Gupta Anju
Published: December 2022

PEGylation is a well-established strategy for improving the target specificity, circulation time and stability of liposomes, thereby improving their stealth properties. This brief review provides an insight on the composition of PEGylated liposomes and the characteristics that dictate the functionality of PEGylated liposomes such as surface density, molecular weight, presence of linkers and acyl groups. Physicochemical techniques used to characterize the PEG liposomes and test their stability are also discussed along with their clinical implications. This review provides the readers with a broad range of understanding of various PEGylated lipids, techniques to access their stability in liposomal formulations and state-of -the-art development of PEGylated liposomal formulations.
The Implementation of Health Promotion Concept During the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Case of the Neighborhood Alert Program in Surabaya City, Indonesia
Authors: Soedirham Oedojo , Putra Muhammad Baharuddin Wisudawan
Published: December 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a disease caused by a virus from the Coronavirus group. Covid-19 has spread to almost all parts of the world and has increased the number of accumulative cases continuously to date.  In Indonesia, East Java Province is one of the provinces with the highest cumulative confirmed cases of Covid-19.  This problem has prompted the government to make efforts to contain Covid-19.  Covid-19 Task Force Neighborhood Association Alert is a form of collaboration between Healthcamp.id and the Provincial Government of East Java through the East Java Covid-19 Task Force to promote health with a community approach within the Neighborhood Association.  Therefore, one of the authors participated in this activity in helping to prevent and overcome Covid-19 in East Java Province, especially in the City of Surabaya. Volunteer activities are participatory observational with online and offline methods. Volunteer activities were carried out on 12 May 2020 - 2 July 2020.  Volunteers made various efforts to tackle Covid-19, including health education, health screening, data collection of aid, monitoring of citizen health, monitoring of residents' territorial conditions, and distributing aid.  These activities are then analyzed and evaluated based on what is health promotion action means. This activity concludes that all efforts to combat Covid-19 have been carried out according to the program.  It is known that the knowledge of residents in the Neighborhood Association (NbA) Alert the City of Surabaya program area is mostly good with the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol, namely as many as 99% of respondents.  The attitude of residents in the NbA Alert the City of Surabaya program area is good with the protocol for implementing the Covid-19 health, which is 100% of respondents.  Most of the actions of residents in the NbA Alert the City of Surabaya program area have been good with the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol, namely as many as 97% of respondent.
Explore the Method for College English Teaching and Improvement—Basing on the Use of Intelligent Classroom
Authors: Ruiyang Wang , Yaoli Zhu
Published: December 2022

Recently, with more and more modern applications being put into use, the college English teaching innovation is facing a huge change. How to integrate those new apps with the real classroom teaching has become a big challenge. This paper will discuss about the process and frequency of using the app (represented by Rainclassroom) , based on the students’ performance, from several aspects, and further providing some benefits deriving from the use of the app .
Jonarāja as commentator: specialized literature, philological effort, and poetic interpretation
Authors: Livio Chiara
Published: December 2022

The historian Jonarāja (Kashmir, fifteenth century) is known mainly for his chronicle of the kings of Kashmir, the Dvitīyā Rājataraṅginī, a continuation of Kalhaṇa’s chronicle up to the Muslim Sultanate of Zayin al-’Ābidīn (r. 1419/20–1470). However, Jonarāja also authored the commentaries of three court poems (mahākāvyas), namely Bhāravi’s Kirātārjunīya, Maṅkha’s Śrīkaṇṭhacarita, and Janaka’s Pṛthvīrājavijaya. The present article aims at providing a closer look at Jonarāja’s commentarial strategies, focusing on four cantos (4, 5, 6, and 17) of the Śrīkaṇṭhacarita. First, some examples of how Jonarāja employed specialized literature are presented, particularly quotations from grammar (vyākaraṇa) and Sanskrit dictionaries (kośas). Second, Jonarāja’s philological attempt at restoring Maṅkha’s root text (mūla) is addressed and subsequently analyzed based on the available manuscripts. Lastly, some common concepts contained in Maṅkha’s Śrīkaṇṭhacarita and Bhāravi’s Kirātārjunīya are explored to evaluate how Jonarāja comments on similar verses, and to draw some preliminary conclusions on the style and personal interpretation of the commentator.
More than Meets the Eye – The Intricate Relationship between Selfies at Holocaust Memorial Sites and Their Subsequent Shaming
Authors: Hinckley Samantha , Zühlke Christin
Published: December 2022

As the ethical barriers surrounding ‘digital Holocaust etiquette’ remain contested, scholars like Daniel Magilow and Lisa Silverman question whether there can be unwritten rules of behavior at sites of historical trauma. Because of significant shifts in the digital arena, too, legacy types of memory formation, such as collective memories associated with physical spaces, are being challenged by a new type of digital archive that is both active and passive. This article seeks to interrogate the socio-psychological aspects of selfies taken at Holocaust memorial sites and of their subsequent shaming. We wish to juxtapose current research findings with the public audience’s reaction to these photos after they have been posted on social media. In many respects, commenters may offer insight into a larger phenomenon outside of what is deemed appropriate in terms of Holocaust memory. Our article may not provide solutions or easy answers, but this is not our goal. Rather, our research aims to point to the complex, often uncomfortable, nature of this topic due to the fact that selfies encapsulate both micro and macro histories, reality and virtual reality, and a shift in traditional types of memory formation.
Detection of early stage of ductile and fatigue damage presented in Inconel 718 alloy using instrumented indentation technique
Authors: Malicki Maciej , Socha Grzegorz , Krysztofik Józef
Published: December 2022

Structural materials under various mechanical loads are damaged as a result of their plastic deformation and subsequent nucleation and propagation of cracks. Detection of damage in its initial phase is crucial to ensure safety and durability of construction elements. In this work, we proposed contact stiffness (

S

S

) determined using the instrumented indentation technique as the damage indicator. New procedure for deformation-induced damage investigation is proposed and the indentation tests were performed in the specially designed specimens made from Inconel 718 alloy, which was previously subjected to mechanical loads. Damage parameter (

D

ε

{D}_{\varepsilon }

) determined on the basis of Johnson–Cook damage model was used as a reference measure of damage degree. Fracture analysis was carried out to investigate the early stage of damage development in the tested specimens. The value of contact stiffness determined from the instrumented indentation shows linear correlation with the value of damage parameter. This innovative approach was used in the presented investigation.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activities
Authors: Mouzaki Mustapha , Maroui Itto , Mir Youssef , Lemkhente Zohra , Attaoui Hind , El Ouardy Khadija , Lbouhmadi Rkia , Mouine Hanane
Published: December 2022

Nanotechnology offers a solution to bacterial antibiotic resistance, which poses a serious threat to global health. Green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is gaining increasing attention due to its environmental benefits. This study aimed to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by microwave irradiation through silver nitrate reduction using starch and microalgae biomass; characterize them using UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and X-ray diffraction; and evaluate their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus clausii, and Staphylococcus aureus using disk diffusion and broth dilution methods. Synthesized AgNPs showed a single peak related to surface plasmon resonance at 430 nm. Size range of spherical AgNPs was 40–150 or 90–400 nm for starch- or biomass-mediated NPs, respectively. Biomass-mediated AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity with the inhibition zones of 8, 12, and 10.5 mm against E. coli, B. clausii, and S. aureus, respectively; those starch-mediated showed inhibition of 7, 13, and 12 mm, respectively. AgNPs’ minimum inhibitory concentrations were 6.25 μg·mL−1 toward both E. coli and S. aureus and 12.5 μg·mL−1 against B. clausii when using starch in biosynthesis, whereas they were 19.6 μg·mL−1 against both E. coli and S. aureus and 9.81 μg·mL−1 toward B. clausii when using biomass. Synthesized AgNPs have promising antibacterial potential.
Gas Analysis and Optimization of Debinding and Sintering Processes for Metallic Binder-Based AM*
Authors: Strauß A. , Quadbeck P. , Andersen O. , Riecker S. , Böhm H.-D. , Weißgärber T.
Published: December 2022

Binder-based additive manufacturing processes for metallic AM components in a wide range of applications usually use organic binders and process-related additives that must be thermally removed before sintering. Debinding processes are typically parameterized empirically and thus far from the optimum. Since debinding based on thermal decomposition processes of organic components and the subsequent thermochemical reactions between process atmosphere and metal powder materials make uncomplicated parameterization difficult, in-situ instrumentation was introduced at Fraunhofer IFAM. This measurement method relies on infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry in various furnace concepts to understand the gas processes of decomposition of organic components and the subsequent thermochemical reactions between the carrier gas atmosphere and the metal part, as well as their kinetics. This method enables an efficient optimization of the temperature-time profiles and the required atmosphere composition to realize dense AM components with low contamination. In the paper, the optimization strategy is presented, and the achievable properties are illustrated using a fused filament fabrication (FFF) component example made of 316L stainless steel.
Prediction of rotor slot width in induction motor using Dyadic wavelet transform and softmax regression
Authors: Anish Kumar J. , Gowthambigai M. , Shanker N. R. , Jasper J.
Published: December 2022

Predictive maintenance is required for Induction Motor (IM) to avoid sudden breakdown. In this paper, multimodal sensor data are used for prediction of the rotor slot width variation during runtime of IM. Moreover sensor data are visualized through visual image obtained using Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and matching dictionary for various faults in motor such as overload, high speed, Broken Rotor bar (BRB), and unbalance magnetic pull. The multimodal sensor signals data acquired from different parts of three phase induction motor are analysed using various transforms such as Over Complete Rational Dilation Wavelet Transform (ORaDWT), Tuneable Q Wavelet Transform (TQWT), Polynomial Chirplet Transform (PCT) and Dyadic Wavelet Transform (Dyadic WT) for various fault conditions and rotor slot width mentioned during runtime condition of motor. The rotor slot width is predicted using Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Polynomial Regression (PR), Logistic Regression (LR) and Soft-max Regression (SR) methods through the mean value and energy band of the acquired sensor signal. The Dyadic WT and SR perform better for rotor width prediction. The proposed method such as Dyadic WT and SR provides the prediction accuracy of about 95.2%. From experimental results the rotor slot width expansion more than 2% needs immediate attention to avoid breakdown of motor.
Racism, Death, and Protests in Brazil: digital and traditional news coverage of Black Awareness Day after a racism crime on Twitter
Authors: de-Lima-Santos Mathias-Felipe , Ceron Wilson
Published: December 2022

Purpose

On November 19, 2020, a man was brutally murdered by security guards of a supermarket chain located in a city in the very south of Brazil, home to the world’s largest Afro-Black community outside Africa. This killing triggered protests across the country, as a Black man was killed one day before Black Awareness Day. This large popular mobilization happened at the end of 2020 and resembled the George Floyd protests. Despite the anger resonating across communities in Brazil and abroad, the news media coverage on social media resulted in an inequitable distribution of editorial space to both the affective and critical dimensions. As users often adopt view-based practices by not clicking on social media content shared through URLs, it is essential to understand how news media portrays content in short text posted online.

Study design

Under the lens of news frame and social media theories, our study was built on a multi-method approach combining computational, quantitative, qualitative methods to understand how news media portrays content in a tweet. To do so, we collected 267,576 tweets. They were filtered through the case’s perspective and analyzed using frame theory.

Findings

Results show that Brazilian news media value different angles concerning Mr. Freitas’s death and subsequent events. While traditional media tends to be more neutral in portraying protests and the killing, digital media raised the debate on the issue and about racism in the country, highlighting protests and using supporting hashtags. Furthermore, cultural hybridity can be seen in Brazil with Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement.

Practical and social implications

In a media system that shares some aspects with those found in the United States, such as highly commercial media, our study demonstrates the importance of digital media for articulating racial issues and segregation in Brazil.

Originality/value

A long tradition of scholarship in sociology and communication studies has investigated how news media frames social movements and the impact this coverage might have on protesters and their ability to gather public support in Western-rich democracies. Less well documented is the use of news frames in Brazil. Furthermore, it shows how BLM is hybridized with local topics and has gained traction with digital media outlets. This study aims to fill this gap by becoming the first study investigating how news media frames social movements against racism in Brazil.
Broadband, effective labor, and economic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic period: evidence from a cross-country study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqun
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study attempts to explore the mechanism of how broadband influences economic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic period, and examine different impacts of fixed and mobile broadband on economic growth during this period.

Design/methodology/approach

The panel data regression method and across-country data are used to estimate the impacts of fixed broadband and mobile broadband on economic growth rate.

Findings

The mobile broadband penetration rate and the mobile broadband network size have positive and significant correlations with economic growth rate during 2020–2021.

Practical implications

The findings have the policy implications that governments should promote the diffusion of mobile broadband especially 5G to sustain economic growth during the time of the pandemic.

Social implications

The diffusion of mobile broadband and 5G further facilitates telework mode.

Originality/value

This study theorizes the role of broadband in economic growth by proposing a new concept – effective labor – which reflects the extent of labor participation in productive activities when the containment measures of the pandemic are implemented.
RNA-based isothermal amplification technology and its clinical application in pathogen infection
Authors: Teng Jie , Liu Fang , Chang Li , Yang Qiuxia , Che Guanglu , Lai Shuyu , Tan Yuan , Duan Jiaxin , Jiang Yongmei
Published: December 2022

It is very important to detect pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or fungi in a patient’s secretion or body fluid samples as soon as possible to determine the patient’s recovery. For certain pathogens, the amount of ribosomal RNA copies contained is often tens of thousands of times higher than the amount of DNA copies, so the detection of RNA has higher sensitivity. In addition, whether for DNA pathogens or RNA pathogens, the direct detection of ribonucleic acid transcribed by pathogensin vivocan distinguish active infection or past infection, can eliminate the influence of residual DNA of pathogens that have died in the lesions, and can also avoid excessive medical interventions for transient infections, which is of great significance in the field of infectious pathogen detection. Isothermal amplification technology played important roles in molecular diagnosis because of its significant advantages. Highly sensitive RNA detection can be achieved by both direct transcription amplification and indirect amplification based on reverse transcription. Direct transcription amplification technologies relies on reverse transcriptase and T7 RNA polymerase to achieve linear transcription amplification of RNA on one-step; while the indirect amplification technology depends on a reverse transcriptional process at the beginning of the reaction. Both methods have outstanding advantages in clinical application, and commercial kits and commercial all-in-one machines based on these principles have been put into clinical use. This review mainly introduces the clinical application of isothermal amplification technologies in the detection of RNA pathogens and the main difficulties faced at this stage. It is hoped to provide insightful ideas for the construction of pathogen RNA detection technology to meet the needs of point-of-care testing in the future.
The Influence of the Discursive Power of Unions in the Swift Re-regulation of Slaughterhouse Labour during the COVID-19 Crisis in Germany
Authors: Seeliger Martin , Sebastian Marcel
Published: December 2022

The article analyses the re-regulation of labour in the German meat industry during the COVID-19 crisis. While working and employment conditions have long been criticised with only minor results, the massive coronavirus outbreaks in German slaughterhouses led to a rapid reform of work in the meat industry. We argue that unions were able to exert influence on policy-makers based on the discursive power that they accumulated prior to COVID-19, but that they needed to adapt their framing strategies by including public health concerns to their criticism. That was possible because the outbreaks endangered local residents as well as the slaughterhouse workers, which decisively increased the pressure on policy-makers. The article contributes to the approach of discursive power resources and strategic framing by unions, and elaborates the relevance of the process of gaining discursive power over time as well as the unforeseeable changes that can dramatically increase a union’s chances of political influence.
KEYWORDS: coronavirus; COVID-19; power resources; unions; meat industry
DIONIZO POŠKOS RAUDŲ ISTORINĖ TOPIKA
Authors: Bončkutė Roma
Published: December 2022

The article investigates the source of the historiographical topic of heroic paganism in the laments/elegies of Dionizas Poška (1764–1830). It is known that Poška read the manuscript of the first history of Lithuania (1822) by Simonas Daukantas (1793–1864). The article hypothesises that the choice of Poška’s written language ‘to lean towards the Samogitian dialect’, and the increase in a lexicon characteristic of the historiographical genre in the laments, are connected with his reading Daukantas’ manuscript. Since until now researchers into Daukantas’ legacy do not agree on the date of the completion of his first manuscript history, it is believed that research of this kind will make it possible to clarify it. The research leads to the conclusion that Poška read the ‘History of Lithuania’ by Daukantas in 1824, because in verse dating from that year we find a lexicon which is characteristic of Daukantas’ work. In elegies written after 1824, Poška found Lithuanian equivalents of the traditional topics of the heroic and lost nation, which are often taken from the text of Daukantas, and are not literal translations of Polish literature. Daukantas’ text inspired Poška to talk about a lost Golden Age, and so he can be considered a pioneer of Lithuanian historical elegy. Following Daukantas, the poet learned to replace rhetorical writing with an authentic expression of thought characteristic of Romantic authors.
Palangos liuteronų bendruomenė nuo jos ištakų XIX a. pradžioje iki sovietinės okupacijos
Authors: Petkūnas Darius
Published: December 2022

The article describes the origins and development of the Palanga Lutheran congregation, from its formation at the beginning of the 19th century to its closure by the communist authorities in the early postwar years after the Second World War. The life of the affiliate in the parish of Rucava is discussed, as well as its attempts to build its own church in Palanga. The congregation’s life was particularly revitalised after the city was reunited with Lithuania in 1921. As an affiliate of the Kretinga parish, and supported by it and the Gustav-Adolf-Werk, it bought its own prayer house in 1928. The article describes ecclesiastical life in this period, the disastrous effects of the 1938 fire, when the congregation lost its place of worship, and the challenges it faced in the first years of the Soviet occupation.
NAŠLYSTĖS FENOMENAS ŠIUOLAIKINĖJE VISUOMENĖJE: PSICHOLOGINIAI ASPEKTAI
Authors: Guzikauskienė Audronė , Ramonas Arvydas
Published: December 2022

The central principle and goal of Christian life is the lifelong pursuit of Christ-likeness in our thinking and our relationships with people and the world. People are called to grow, to celebrate, to seek true friendship with God in their present life situation. The essence of holiness, the fullness of the Christian life, is union with Christ, living his mysteries, which is possible in every situation of life. The period of widowhood is painful, but it is an invitation to purify oneself inwardly, to grow in love, and to serve one’s neighbours and all other members of the Church and of society. This is the origin of the spirituality of widowhood, a holiness based on faith. Widows can contribute to the holiness of the Church by living in God’s grace, by accepting and managing their situation psychologically, and by giving themselves up to God and to others. Widows often experience the loss of a spouse as an irreversible fact, a loss that matures them, so that, in the light of their faith, they are able to adapt to the changed reality and rebuild their lives.
Senyvo amžiaus žmonių egzistencinė vienišumo perspektyva
Authors: Virbalienė Akvilė , Šiurys Petras , Vaitkevičius Andrius
Published: December 2022

The article presents the phenomenon of the existential loneliness of elderly people. The concept of existential loneliness is analysed from philosophical, theological, psychological and sociological points of view. The existential loneliness of elderly people is treated as a social problem that begins with a decrease in social abilities and individual differences. Signs of existential loneliness and methods of recognition are presented.
Home-Enclosure-Based Behavioral and Wireless Neural Recording Setup for Unrestrained Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Hansmeyer Laura , Yurt Pinar , Agha Naubahar , Trunk Attila , Berger Michael , Calapai Antonino , Treue Stefan , Gail Alexander
Published: December 2022

Electrophysiological studies with behaving nonhuman primates often require the separation of animals from their social group as well as partial movement restraint to perform well-controlled experiments. When the research goal per se does not mandate constraining the animals’ movements, there are often still experimental needs imposed by tethered data acquisition. Recent technological advances meanwhile allow wireless neurophysiological recordings at high band-width in limited-size enclosures. Here, we demonstrate wireless neural recordings at single unit resolution from unrestrained rhesus macaques while they performed self-paced, structured visuomotor tasks on our custom-built, stand-alone touchscreen system [eXperimental Behavioral Instrument (XBI)] in their home environment. We were able to successfully characterize neural tuning to task parameters, such as visuo-spatial selectivity during movement planning and execution, as expected from existing findings obtained via setup-based neurophysiology recordings. We conclude that when movement restraint and/or a highly controlled, insulated environment are not necessary for scientific reasons, cage-based wireless neural recordings are a viable option. We propose an approach that allows the animals to engage in a self-paced manner with our XBI device, both for fully automatized training and cognitive testing, as well as neural data acquisition in their familiar environment, maintaining auditory and sometimes visual contact with their conspecifics.
Enforcement actions and their suspension: the concept and legal regulation in Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Armenia
Authors: Sergiienko Nataliia , Prylovskyi Volodymyr V. , Burdin Mykhailo , Dei Maryna O. , Ostapenko Hanna Z.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research paper is to study the concept and legal regulation of enforcement actions and their suspension in Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Armenia. The methodology of this article is based on the application of various methods of scientific knowledge, including analytical method, deductive method, synthesis method, hermeneutic method, comparative method, modeling method. The results of scientific research presented in this article contain the author's definitions of "enforcement actions", "suspension of enforcement actions", generalization of legal regulation of enforcement actions and their suspension under the laws of Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Armenia. The practical significance of the results presented in the article lies in the possibility of taking them into account both by legal theorists, in particular those working on the subject of enforcement proceedings, and legal practitioners, in particular those involved in the enforcement of various jurisdictional decisions.
Reformulation of the Criminal Justice System for Children in Conflict Based on Pancasila Justice
Authors: Rasdi Rasdi , Pujiyono Pujiyono , Rochaeti Nur , Rehulina Rehulina
Published: December 2022

The writing of this paper aims to examine the policy of the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the law and reformulation of the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the Pancasila justice. The main problem in writing this paper is that why it is considered important to reform the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the law based on Pancasila justice? This study uses secondary data by analyzing the laws of the juvenile justice system in Indonesia and comparing them to the laws and regulations regarding the juvenile justice system in Greece and Yoslavia.  The results of the study found that the age requirement for criminal responsibility for children is too low, namely 12 (twelve) years and the terms of diversion, that the threat of criminal acts that can be carried out by diversion and not repetition of criminal acts is not in line with the aim of diversion, namely to prosper and achieve the best interests of children such as recommended by the Convention on the Right of the Child and The Beijing Rules. Therefore, it is important to reformulate/reformulate immediately regarding these diversion requirements. The conclusion of this paper emphasizes the importance of reformulating the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the law (the criminal child) based on Pancasila justice.
Current Trends in Cleft Lip and Palate Publications During the Last 10 Years: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: DURAN Gökhan Serhat , YURDAKURBAN Ebru , DOĞRUGÖREN Rüveyda , GÖRGÜLÜ Serkan
Published: December 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the apparent trends in cleft lip and palate (CLP) studies published over the last 10 years, and assesses the effectiveness of the studies.

Materials and Methods: The SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) data were utilized to select the journals with a high SJR indicator in each of the orthodontics, pedodontics, general dentistry, speech therapy, clinical genetics, pediatrics, plastic esthetic and reconstructive surgery and oral surgery areas. CLP-related studies were identified in the databases accessed through Web of Science owned by Clarivate Analytics. The articles were assessed in terms of year of publication, journal title, specialty, article subject matter, affiliations of the authors, citation relationships and countries/regions of origin. A total of 2,696 CLP-related articles published over the last 10 years were identified based on our search criteria.

Results: The analysis revealed that the most prominent keywords were “palatoplasty”, “alveolar bone grafting”, “distraction osteogenesis” and “orthognathic surgery” among the treatment procedures. The most common WoS categories among the articles were dentistry, oral surgery & medicine, and surgery. The most cited publications over the last decade have included such terms as “environmental risk factor”, “GRHL3”, “FGFR2”, “loci”, “candidate gene” and “BMP”.

Conclusion: Recent CLP articles in the literature have focused mainly on treatment procedures, with the most-cited articles generally containing evaluations of the relationship between CLP and genetics. More recent methods have been discussed in only a limited number of studies.
Fiberle güçlendirilmiş rezin tutuculu kompozit ile lateral diş eksikliğinin restorasyonu: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Zuhal , AKGÜL Sinem , BALA Oya
Published: December 2022

Ön bölgede diş kaybının hastada yarattığı estetik sorunlar diş hekimleri tarafından birçok şekilde çözüme kavuşturulabilir. Sabit bölümlü protez, implant üstü protez, hareketli protez, rezin tutuculu köprü bunlardan bazılarıdır. Fiberle güçlendirilmiş kompozit köprüler ise geleneksel tedavilere bir alternatif olarak, düşük maliyeti, kolay uygulanması, az zaman alması gibi özelliklerinden dolayı öne çıkmaktadır.

12 numaralı dişinin aşırı madde kaybı nedeniyle çekilmesi üzerine kliniğimize başvuran 25 yaşındaki erkek hastanın yapılan klinik ve radyolojik muayenesinde, ağız içi dokularının sağlıklı olduğu görülmüştür. Hasta daha ekonomik ve hızlı bir tedavi istediği için implant tedavisi yapılana kadar geçici olarak bu boşluğun, fiberle güçlendirilmiş rezin kompozit bir gövde kullanılarak restore edilmesine karar verilmiştir.

Fiberle güçlendirilen rezin tutuculu köprüler; hızlı, ekonomik, estetik ve fonksiyonel bir minimal invaziv yaklaşımdır. Fiberle güçlendirilen rezin tutuculu köprüler; ekonomik açıdan kapsamlı tedavileri karşılamakta zorluk çeken ve uzun tedavileri tolere edemeyen hastalarda uygulanabilir.
Optimization of headspace solid-phase microextraction of volatile organic compounds from dry soil samples by porous coatings using COMSOL Multiphysics
Authors: Kenessov Bulat , Kapar Anel
Published: December 2022

Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HSSPME) is one of the simplest and cost-efficient sample preparation approaches for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soil. This study was aimed at the development of the model for numerical optimization of HSSPME of volatile organic compounds from dry soil samples by porous coatings using COMSOL Multiphysics (CMP). ‘Transport of Diluted Species in Porous Medium’ physics was used for modeling. Effect of sample mass, pressure, fiber-headspace and soil-headspace distribution constants on extraction profiles and time of 95% equilibrium has been studied using the developed model. Equilibrium extraction under atmospheric pressure (1 atm) can take up to 97 min, while under vacuum (0.0313 atm) – 2.3 min. Equilibration time under vacuum was 42-43 times lower than under 1 atm at all studied distribution constants and sample masses. The developed model was modified for optimization of pre-incubation time using ‘Transport of Diluted Species’ physics. According to the obtained plots, 95% equilibration time can reach 13.3 min and depends on both sample mass and soil-headspace distribution constant of the analyte. The developed model can be recommended for optimization of pressure, preincubation and extraction time when fiber-headspace and soil-headspace distribution constants, soil porosity and density are known.
Efecto repelente y tiempo de protección de aceites esenciales frente al estadio adulto de Aedes aegypti
Authors: Soto-Cáceres Víctor Alberto , Díaz-Vélez Cristian , Becerra-Gutiérrez Lizzie K. , Arriaga-Deza Emma V. , Meoño-Asalde Cecilia N. , Reyes-Damián Juan R. , Peña-Vega Katherine M. , Vera-Oblitas Laura C. , Suyón-Jiménez Jank P. , Segura-Muñoz Dina M. , Vargas-Tineo Otto W. , Silva-Díaz Heber
Published: December 2022

El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto repelente y tiempo de protección de aceites esenciales frente al mosquito adulto de Aedes aegypti. Se trabajó con un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial que incluyó 10 aceites esenciales (Minthostachys mollis, Schinus molle, Ruta graveolens, Piper aduncun, Myrica pubescens, Lippia alba, Mentha piperita, Lantana glutinosa, Cymbopogon citratus, Eucalyptus globulus y el control DEET 10%) y cuatro concentraciones de los aceites (125, 250, 500 y 1000 mg/ml). Cada grupo experimental se constituyó por 50 mosquitos hembra adultos de A. aegypti criados en laboratorio y el efecto repelente y tiempo de protección se evaluaron usando un cebo animal sedado (Rattus rattus) con aplicaciones de 0.1 ml de los aceites en patas, cola y cara. Las ratas y los mosquitos se encontraron en dos jaulas comunicadas de 25x25x40 cm. Los aceites con mayor efecto repelente y tiempo de protección, respectivamente, fueron: C. citratus (97.4%; 165 minutos), E. globulus (95.8%; 165 minutos), L. glutinosa (93.8%; 180 minutos) y M. piperita (93.5%; 180 minutos) en su concentración mayor concentración (1000 mg/l); con diferencias entre aceites y entre concentraciones (p<0.001). Asimismo, el DEET 10% obtuvo una repelencia de 95.3 % y tiempo de protección de 173 minutos. Se concluye que los aceites esenciales de C. citratus, E. globulus, L. glutinosa y M. piperita pueden considerarse con potencial repelente natural para A. aegypti.
Características de la fibra de alpacas en la zona agroecológica seca en el altiplano peruano
Authors: Málaga Apaza Julio , Canaza Cayo Ali William , Yana Viveros William , Pérez Guerra Uri Harold , Rodríguez Huanca Francisco Halley
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las principales características físicas y correlaciones del diámetro de fibra (DF), coeficiente de variación (CVDF), factor de confort (FC) y factor de picazón (FP) de la fibra de alpaca en la zona agroecológica seca de la región Puno, Perú. Se colectaron 14 068 muestras de fibra que fueron analizadas con el equipo OFDA 2000. Se consideraron los factores sexo (macho, hembra), raza (Suri, Huacaya), edad (DL: dientes de leche; 2 DL: dos dientes; 4D: cuatro dientes; BLL: boca llena) y provincia (Melgar, Chucuito, Puno, El Collao, Lampa, San Román) a través de un arreglo factorial de 2×2×4×6. El DF estuvo influenciado por la edad, sexo, raza y provincia (p<0.01), siendo de menor diámetro en alpacas diente DL (20.10 μm) y de mayor grosor en BLL (23.29 μm). En machos fue 21.25 μm y en hembras 21.91 μm (p<0.05) y en alpacas Huacaya 21.25 μm y en Suri 22.21 μm (p<0.05). Las variables CVDF y FP variaron según edad, sexo, raza y provincia (p<0.01), al igual que el FC con excepción del sexo. El DF y FC mostró (r=-0.89) correlación alta y negativa y el DF con CVDF tuvo una correlación baja y negativa (r=-0.11). Las correlaciones del FC y FP fueron negativas y altas (r=-0.67). Las alpacas de la zona agroecológica seca de la región de Puno producen una buena calidad de fibra con buen potencial para su mejoramiento genético.
Lactation curves of Holstein x Gyr dual-purpose cows under humid tropical conditions
Authors: Peralta-Torres Jorge Alonso , Izquierdo-Camacho Yuliana , Ojeda-Robertos Nadia Florencia , Severino-Lendechy Víctor Hugo , Ek-Mex Jesús Enrique , Segura-Correa José Candelario
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study was to identify the foremost model that depict the lactation curve of dual-purpose crossbred cows under a humid tropical environment. Six models were compared to describe the lactation curves of three breed groups using 1231 milk records of 160 cows. The breed groups were 0-25%, F1 (50%) and 62.5-75% Holstein x Gyr crosses. Parameters of the models and curves were estimated using non-linear procedures. The best model was determined by the Akaike information criterion. Wood, Sikka and Wilmink models provided a good fit to the lactation curves for the breed groups; however, the Wood model was applied to depict the lactation curves, the day at which lactation peak was reached and milk yield at the peak. The aspect of the curves differed according to the breed group. The low graded Holstein cows had typical standard curves, and the F1 and high graded cows had no lactation curve peak. Milk yield at start of lactation increased as the Holstein blood increased. The rate of milk per day was close to zero (0.0813 for 0-25% Holstein cows; 0.0247 for F1 and 0.0023 kg/day for 62.5-75% Holstein cows). The aspect of the lactation curve varied depending on the non-linear model and the grade of Holstein. The shapes of the lactation curves vary according to the breed group from normal to without peak milk yield.
Presupuesto de alimentación: Una herramienta para apoyar la gestión de los sistemas de producción ganaderos
Authors: Vargas Martínez Juan , Duter Elena , Mancipe Muñoz Edgar , Castillo Javier , Avellaneda Avellaneda Yesid
Published: December 2022

La gestión de los forrajes, la suplementación estratégica y la incorporación de herramientas de seguimiento para la toma de decisiones oportunas permiten el desarrollo de los sistemas de producción ganaderos. De esta forma, el presupuesto de alimentación es una herramienta que permite hacer un balance de la materia seca de la finca en un periodo de tiempo definido, al comparar diferentes unidades de medida y tomar decisiones respecto al manejo de los forrajes y la compra de recursos alimenticios externos como estrategias de alimentación. Así mismo, se debe tener en cuenta elementos como los requerimientos de materia seca de los grupos de animales de la finca y la oferta de forraje seco a lo largo del año y su costo de producción. A partir de la comparación de resultados provenientes de la ejemplificación de escenarios productivos contrastantes se encontró que, al tener una oferta de forraje sin restricción, se incrementan los costos de alimentación en 208% por la aplicación de fertilización, la siembra de cultivos forrajeros y la compra de alimentos externos a la finca. En otro escenario, al evidenciarse una disminución en la oferta de forraje, el escenario en donde se usan cultivos forrajeros es el que presenta menor costo de alimentación (COP$201/kg MS). En conclusión, el presupuesto de alimentación permite crear escenarios de alimentación que apoya a la toma de decisiones del productor, permite reducir los costos de alimentación y cumplir con las metas productivas.
Caracterización y tipificación de la avicultura de traspatio en Boyacá, Colombia, y su efecto sobre la seguridad alimentaria
Authors: Hortúa-López Laura , Cerón-Muñoz Mario , Zaragoza-Martínez María , Angulo-Arizala Joaquín
Published: December 2022

La avicultura de traspatio es una práctica productiva tradicional de la agricultura familiar que aporta a la nutrición de las familias, el empoderamiento femenino y la cohesión en los territorios. Este estudio tuvo como objetivos caracterizar y tipificar a los sistemas de avicultura de traspatio (SAT) en el área periurbana de Tunja (Boyacá-Colombia) y determinar su contribución a las dimensiones de la seguridad alimentaria. Se utilizaron variables socioculturales, socioeconómicas, técnicas y de planificación. Se analizó la percepción de inseguridad alimentaria de las personas participantes empleando la Escala Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Seguridad Alimentaria. Se tipificaron 138 SAT de 11 municipios de Boyacá por medio de análisis clúster de datos mixtos. Los SAT se caracterizaron por estar a cargo de mujeres adultas mayores con bajos niveles de escolaridad, en fincas propias de menos de 5 ha. Las aves son mantenidas con prácticas de manejo deficiente, infraestructura precaria y baja atención sanitaria. Los SAT pueden tipificarse en tres categorías: 1) SAT-tradicional de autoconsumo (40.5%); 2) SAT-tradicional de venta y autoconsumo (44.2%); y 3) SAT-en transición (13.7%). La avicultura de traspatio contribuye a las dimensiones de la seguridad alimentaria, pues favorece de forma estable a la disponibilidad y el acceso directo a alimentos de alto valor biológico, como la carne de pollo y los huevos, permite que este tipo de alimentos lleguen a lugares apartados, donde la calidad de vida de sus habitantes es baja en función de la relación entre condiciones de la vivienda, el tamaño de los predios y el acceso a servicios públicos.
Dos protocolos para sincronizar el estro de ovejas lactantes utilizando progestágenos
Authors: Espinoza Molina Saúl , Espinoza Rojas Gabriela , Ticona Huaroco Chessyra , CCari Huayta Mario , Pérez Guerra Uri Harold , Julio Cruz Danny
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar dos protocolos para sincronizar el celo utilizando progestágenos intravaginales. En el estudio se utilizaron 64 ovejas con corderos al pie de 30-40 días. Los animales fueron asignados de dos grupos: (T1): aplicación de un protocolo de sincronización corto (6 días) con supresión del amamantamiento por 30 horas (n1=32) y (T2): aplicación de un protocolo largo o convencional (12 días) con supresión del amamantamiento por 54 horas (n2= 32). Se realizó inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo (IATF) con semen refrigerado por vía transcervical al término del destete temporal. Se determinó la tasa de preñez sin retorno de celo a los 16-17 días pos-IATF, tasa de preñez a 41 días por ecografía, tasa de preñez a los 90 días mediante balotaje y tipo de parto. La tasa de no retorno de celo a los 15-17 días pos-IATF fue de 81.25% para T1 y de 87.50% para T2 (p<0.05). Asimismo, los porcentajes de preñez por ecografía y al balotaje fueron estadísticamente similares entre tratamientos. La tasa de partos dobles fue ligera, pero no significativamente diferente en T2 (26.92%) que en T1 (19.2%). Los resultados demuestran que al aplicar un protocolo de sincronización corto se consigue resultados similares que al aplicar el protocolo de sincronización convencional y con la ventaja que se realiza en menos tiempo.
Seroprevalencia del virus de Lengua Azul en cabras (Capra hircus) de la Región Norte del Perú
Authors: Escano L. Josselyn , Navarro M. Dennis , Jurado P. Jessica , Ara G. Miguel , Mantilla S. Jorge , Ramìrez V. Mercy , Rivera G. Hermelinda
Published: December 2022

Lengua Azul es una enfermedad endémica en regiones tropicales y subtropicales y el virus causante de la enfermedad es transmitido por mosquitos vectores del género Culicoides. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia del virus de Lengua azul (VLA) en cabras de los departamentos de Tumbes, Piura, Lambayeque, Cajamarca y La Libertad (Perú). Se colectaron muestras de sangre (n=424) entre junio a octubre de 2017 de cabras mayores a 6 meses de edad, sin signos clínicos de enfermedad y criadas en forma extensiva. Los sueros fueron analizados con kits comerciales de ELISA de competición para determinar anticuerpos contra VLA. Se encontró una seroprevalencia de 23.8% (IC 95% 19.84-28.16). Los resultados por departamento indican que 34.9% (81/232), 20.9% (13/62), 9.5% (4/42) y 6.0% (3/50) y 0% (0/38) de las cabras de Piura, Tumbes, Cajamarca. Lambayeque y La Libertad, respectivamente, tuvieron anticuerpos contra el VLA. La seropositividad al VLA mostró una asociación positiva (p<0.05) con la edad de las cabras y negativa (p<0.05) con la altitud (msnm) de crianza.