bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Addressing an education need for bladder and bowel care in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Elliott Grace , Som Rita
Published: February 2024

Specialist nurses could benefit from improved knowledge and understanding of the bladder and bowel symptoms experienced by people with multiple sclerosis. This article summarises a training day run by Coloplast Professional for nurses with the aim of increasing understanding and awareness of bladder and bowel issues in people with multiple sclerosis. The training day also aimed to raise the awareness of bladder and bowel issues in multiple sclerosis teams to improve patient outcomes.
CISO voices need to be heard in the boardroom
Authors: Wilkinson Chris
Published: February 2024

C-level executives are under pressure from all directions. Cyber security is just one of many issues competing for their attention, and it’s all too easy to overlook. The responsibility for keeping the organisation secure is delegated to the CISO. But to operate effectively, CISOs need an appropriate level of power and to have their voices heard at board level when the time comes to allocate budget and take critical decisions.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM ESPECTRÔMETRO DE REDE DE DIFRAÇÃO COM MATERIAIS DE BAIXO CUSTO
Authors: Lopes Santos Demétrio Galiza , Bruno Wetterich Caio
Published: February 2024

Um espectrômetro de prisma ou rede de difração é utilizado para o estudo das linhas de emissão e/ou absorção de diferentes elementos a partir da medida do desvio sofrido pela luz ao passar pela grade de difração. As linhas espectrais observadas podem ser explicadas através da teoria ondulatória da luz por meio dos conceitos de difração e interferência. Os espectrômetros comerciais apresentam um elevado custo de aquisição dificultando consequentemente sua compra. A ausência desse tipo de equipamento nos laboratórios de Física prejudica a visualização dos fenômenos relacionados à óptica física. Diante disso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi a construção de um espectrômetro de rede de difração utilizando materiais acessíveis e de baixo custo. O espectrômetro construído foi utilizado para o estudo das linhas de emissão dos seguintes elementos: hidrogênio, hélio e mercúrio. O espectrômetro apresentou resultados interessantes desde a observação das linhas de emissão à identificação dos desvios angulares, possibilitando assim a quantificação dos comprimentos de onda.
O MOND SOB DUAS INTERPRETACÕES
Authors: M. Batista Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2024

A matéria escura permanece exercendo forte influência na f´ısica atual com o o objetivo de explicar as curvas planas de rotação de galáxias e as lentes gravitacionais. Em paralelo surgiram as teorias alternativas de gravitação que procuram atingir o mesmo objetivo, mas por um caminho diferente.O MOND (Modified Newtonian dynamics) foi o ponto de partida para as teorias modernas de gravitação dentro desse propóosito. A sua formulação empírica expressa duas possibilidades de interpretação uma da modificação da segunda lei de Newton e outra da modificação da lei da gravitação universal.
Peri-Implant Fracture Following Prior Fixation of Femoral Neck Fracture Using the Femoral Neck System: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Michigan State University, McLaren Macomb Medical Center, Mount Clemens, Michigan, USA,, Gregory David , Small Roy ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Michigan State University, McLaren Macomb Medical Center, Mount Clemens, Michigan, USA,, Milshteyn Michael ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Michigan State University, McLaren Macomb Medical Center, Mount Clemens, Michigan, USA, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, McLaren Macomb, Mount Clemens, Michigan, USA., Vitale Christopher ,   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Michigan State University, McLaren Macomb Medical Center, Mount Clemens, Michigan, USA, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, McLaren Macomb, Mount Clemens, Michigan, USA.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Peri-implant fractures (PIF) reported after cannulated screw and dynamic hip screw fixation historically occur distal to the implant within the subtrochanteric region secondary to the development of a stress riser. Newer implant designs for femoral neck fractures have attempted to combine the benefits of minimally invasive techniques without forgoing rigid angular stability but bring new potential complications. Case Report: We present a case of an intertrochanteric PIF in the setting of a non-displaced femoral neck fracture treated with the DePuy Synthes Femoral Neck System (FNS). Conclusion: We present this case of a unique PIF pattern with the hope of identifying a potential complication associated with the novel FNS. Furthermore, we present a successful treatment option avoiding the need for conversion to hemiarthroplasty. Keywords: Femoral neck fracture, intertrochanteric fracture, femoral neck system, peri-implant fracture.
A Case of “Nonunion Distal Tibia and Fibula Malleoli Fracture with Lateral Malleoli Fracture” Treated with Ilizarov: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Reddy Vijay Narasimman , Reddy Rajlaxmi ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Safiullah Mohamed ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Orthopedic surgeons have long acknowledged the difficulty of treating distal tibia and fibula fractures with lateral malleoli fractures in individuals with medical comorbidities due to a lack of inadequate blood supply. Aged Type 2 diabetic individuals, with distal tibia and fibula fracture with lateral malleoli fracture, are more prone to complications such as non-union, wound infection, and delayed bone healing. It is debatable whether surgical or non-invasive treatment is preferable for diabetic complex fractures. Case Report: A 62-year-old male suffered a right distal tibia and fibula fracture with lateral malleoli fracture following an incidental fall followed by a hit over the iron rod. The patient was treated conservatively with POP for 6 weeks due to the patient’s refusal of surgical management. Radiography after 6 weeks revealed features of non-union. Conclusion: The Ilizarov external fixation with bone graft was planned later to treat the non-union distal tibia and fibula fracture with lateral malleoli fracture. About 18 months after the Ilizarov fixation radiography reviewed the features of the union and clinically also patient improved. Keywords: Ilizarov ring fixator, distal tibia and fibula fracture with lateral malleoli fracture, non-union, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Tibial Component Revision Arthroplasty Using Porous Tantalum Cone for Symptomatic Progressive Periprosthetic Proximal Tibial Ganglion Cyst about All-Polyethylene Tibia Primary Total Knee Replacement: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island,, Liu Jonathan , Zhao Leon ,   Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island,, Chang Kenny ,   Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island,, Laperche Jacob ,   Department of Orthopedics Frank H Netter School of Medicine Quinnipiac University, North Haven, Connecticut, [4] Department of Orthopedics, University Orthopedics Inc., East Providence, Rhode Island., Smith Nathaniel ,   Department of Orthopedics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island,, Jenkins Derek ,   Department of Orthopedics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, Department of Orthopedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island,
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Intraosseous ganglion cysts are an uncommon variant found in the subchondral bone. We report here the development of an intraosseous ganglion cyst of the proximal tibia in the setting of a prior left total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with an all-polyethylene tibial component. Case Report: The cyst was diagnosed on routine follow-up radiographs approximately 4 years status post-TKA. Although initially asymptomatic, 1 year later the patient presented with progressive knee pain and ambulation limitations, so revision TKA was indicated. Computed tomography confirmed an osteolytic lesion suggestive of a penetrating ganglion. Given the absence of malrotation or malalignment of the well-fixed femoral component, the decision was made to proceed with the revision of the stemmed tibial component cemented through a porous tantalum cone. Postoperatively, the patient had complete resolution of pain and instability with 0–120° of stable range of motion, which has persisted to the latest follow-up at over 6 months post-operative, with radiographic resolution of the cyst. Conclusion: This case demonstrates a ganglion cyst surrounding total knee implants as a possible source of persistent pain following TKA. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such a case. This case demonstrates that refractory painful knee implants secondary to tibial ganglion cysts can be treated successfully with revision arthroplasty. Keywords: Knee revision arthroplasty, ganglion cyst, porous cone, outcomes.
Trifocal Injury of the Patellar Tendon- An Exceedingly Rare Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Deore Sandeep , Kale Sachin ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Chalak Ajit ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Ghodke Rahul ,   Department of Orthopaedics, YMT Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Mehta Nrupam ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,, Modi Ravi ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Dr. DY Patil Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Distal pole of patella avulsion fracture with tibial tuberosity avulsion has been frequently reported as a bifocal patellar tendon injury. However, an osteochondral lateral patella facet fracture with a longitudinal split in the patella tendon in addition to these avulsion fractures has never been documented previously. Hence, we now report this trifocal patellar tendon injury. Case Report: An adolescent with a trifocal patella tendon injury underwent a fixation with a combination of transosseous pull- through sutures, suture tape, and knotless anchor. The patient was rehabilitated with gradual increase in 30° of knee flexion weekly and has now attained full knee range of motion. Conclusion: Fixation of the small avulsion fracture can be challenging using conventional methods such as cannulated cancellous screws especially in an immature skeleton as it can crush the fragments. Suture tape, transosseous tunnels, and knotless suture anchors have more flexibility, they avoid the physis and provide adequate strength in such situations compared to metallic implants. Keywords: Inferior pole of patella avulsion, tibial tuberosity fracture, knotless suture anchor, suture tape.
THE MIGRANT OUTLOOK IN COLONIZED AFRICA THROUGH THE NARRATIVE OF ABDULRAZAK GURNAH
Authors: Neumann Gerson Roberto , Bach Luccas César
Published: February 2024

As a representation of the currents of change in the world, the migrant inhabits a dialogic space created on the clash of cultures. They are in constant movement as they assemble their own narratives outside well-established national identities. The present study aims to analyse the construction of such character in Paradise (1994) and Afterlives (2020), published by Abdulrazak Gurnah, a writer recognised by his portrayal of the refugee and the migrants in-between the African and European continents. Both novels were set during the period of the German colonization of Africa (end of the 19th and beginning of 20th century) and depict the relationship between the German colonial troops (the schutztruppe) and their native recruits. The relations of power and the contradictory nature of the schutztruppe reflect on the search for belonging in which Yusuf and Hamza, main characters of above mentioned novels, find themselves.
Martha Nussbaum. the Capability Approach: las emociones éticas y la justica para animales no- humanos
Authors: Goyenechea Elisa
Published: February 2024

Examinamos el enfoque de las capacidades (CA) de Martha Nussbaum como  una teoría de justicia y explicitamos las condiciones de una vida floreciente. La tesis  que guía nuestro trabajo es que el alcance cognitivo de la afectividad, un tema caro a  Nussbaum, le permitió teorizar allende las éticas prevalecientes centradas en el hombre.  Las «emociones éticas» habilitan el desplazamiento del CA y el reconocimiento de  derechos en animales no humanos. El asombro, la compasión y la ira proactiva (Tran sition-Anger), fundan una idea rudimentaria de justicia para los animales no humanos  basada en el CA.
Xenophon’s Cyrus in Paradise: Hunting and the Art of War in Antiquity
Authors: Gish Dustin
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: Xenophon’s portrait of the education of Cyrus the Great in his Cyropaedia depicts a youth with an erotic desire for hunting, which in the ancient world trained men in the art of war. But Cyrus learned quickly from going on hunts in the royal parks or “paradises” of his grandfather, the King of Media, that the luxurious mode of hunting game in parks could not match the thrill of hunting animals in the wild. Moreover, hunting in paradise was a temptation to be avoided, because it failed to educate one in that kind of virtue which (as Machiavelli later argued) alone prepares a prince to conquer and, as in the case of Cyrus, become the founder of an empire.
The Doctors in Tacitus’ Annals : A Case of Ethnic Prejudice
Authors: Arampapaslis Konstantinos
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the portrayals of physicians in the Annals , and argues that they reveal Tacitus’ underlying ethnic prejudice against Greeks. The passages narrating the actions of Eudemus, Charicles, and Xenophon show that the historian portrays them negatively by underscoring their cunningness and involvement, direct or indirect, in the death of an emperor or heir. The pattern at work points to a deeply rooted hostility against them not as medical professionals, but as Greeks. This is further corroborated through the contrast with the non-Greek doctor, Annaeus Statius, and through the comparison with the professional poisoner treated in the Annals , Locusta.
Sustenance and Power: Provision Grounds and Plantation Enterprise in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Jamaican Slavery
Authors: Crawford Nicholas
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This article examines the significance of provision grounds and informal marketing to Jamaican plantation enterprise in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It draws evidence primarily from the papers of the planter Simon Taylor (1739–1813) and traces how managers attempted to control enslaved subsistence practices. Taylor sought to encourage marketing among the enslaved through various managerial incentives and by arranging for the purchase of African captives from certain ethnic groups he considered the most eager to cultivate provision grounds. Yet, his inabilities to direct enslaved cultivation and marketing demonstrated the limits of planters' influence over the provision-ground system.
Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging: introduction to the feature
issue
Authors: Rangarajan Prasanna
Published: February 2024

This joint feature issue of Optics Express and Applied Optics showcases technical innovations by participants of the 2023 topical meeting on Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging and the computational imaging community. The articles included in the feature issue highlight advances in imaging science that emphasize synergistic activities in optics, signal processing and machine learning. The issue features 26 contributed articles that cover multiple themes including non line-of-sight imaging, imaging through scattering media, compressed sensing, lensless imaging, ptychography, computational microscopy, spectroscopy and optical metrology.
Fluorescence saturation imaging microscopy: molecular fingerprinting with a standard confocal microscope
Authors: Yakimov Boris , Rovnyagina Natalia , Hasan Afraa , Zhang Juntao , Wang Haibo , Fadeev Victor , Urusova Liliya , Khoroshilov Evgeny , Sharkov Andrey , Mokrysheva Nataliya , Shirshin Evgeny
Published: February 2024

Molecular specificity in fluorescence imaging of cells and tissues can be increased by measuring parameters other than intensity. For instance, fluorescence lifetime imaging became a widespread modality for biomedical optics. Previously, we suggested using the fluorescence saturation effect at pulsed laser excitation to map the absorption cross-section as an additional molecular contrast in two-photon microscopy [Opt. Lett. 47(17), 4455 (2022).10.1364/OL.465605]. Here, it is shown that, somewhat counterintuitive, fluorescence saturation can be observed under cw excitation in a standard confocal microscopy setup. Mapping the fluorescence saturation parameter allows obtaining additional information about the fluorophores in the system, as demonstrated by the example of peptide hydrogel, stained cells and unstained thyroid gland. The suggested technique does not require additional equipment and can be implemented on confocal systems as is.
Rapid and accurate identification of bacteria utilizing laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Liang J. H. , Wang S. Q. , Zhang W. F. , Guo Y. , Zhang Y. , Chen F. , Zhang L. , Yin W. B. , Xiao L. T. , Jia S. T.
Published: February 2024

Timely and accurate identification of harmful bacterial species in the environment is paramount for preventing the spread of diseases and ensuring food safety. In this study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology was utilized, combined with four machine learning methods - KNN, PCA-KNN, RF, and SVM, to conduct classification and identification research on 7 different types of bacteria, adhering to various substrate materials. The experimental results showed that despite the nearly identical elemental composition of these bacteria, differences in the intensity of elemental spectral lines provide crucial information for identification of bacteria. Under conditions of high-purity aluminum substrate, the identification rates of the four modeling methods reached 74.91%, 84.05%, 85.36%, and 96.07%, respectively. In contrast, under graphite substrate conditions, the corresponding identification rates reached 96.87%, 98.11%, 98.93%, and 100%. Graphite is found to be more suitable as a substrate material for bacterial classification, attributed to the fact that more characteristic spectral lines are excited in bacteria under graphite substrate conditions. Additionally, the emission spectral lines of graphite itself are relatively scarce, resulting in less interference with other elemental spectral lines of bacteria. Meanwhile, SVM exhibited the highest precision rate and recall rate, reaching up to 1, making it the most effective classification method in this experiment. This study provides a valuable approach for the rapid and accurate identification of bacterial species based on LIBS, as well as substrate selection, enhancing efficient microbial identification capabilities in fields related to social security and military applications.
Exploring in-vivo infrared spectroscopy for nail-based diabetes screening
Authors: Lazaro-Pacheco Daniela , Taday Philip F , Paldánius Päivi Maria
Published: February 2024

Diabetes screening is traditionally complex, inefficient, and reliant on invasive sampling. This study evaluates near-infrared spectroscopy for non-invasive detection of glycated keratin in nails in vivo. Glycation of keratin, prevalent in tissues like nails and skin, is a key indicator of T2DM risk. In this study involving 200 participants (100 with diabetes, 100 without), NIR’s efficacy was compared against a point-of-care HbA1c analyzer. Results showed a specificity of 92.9% in diabetes risk assessment. This study highlights the proposed NIR system potential as a simple, reliable tool for early diabetes screening and risk management in various healthcare settings.
Single microparticle characterization using multi-wavelength lens-free imaging
Authors: Mariën Jasper , Jayapala Murali , Lambrechts Andy , Van Hoof Chris , Yurt Abdulkadir
Published: February 2024

Holographic imaging captures an interference pattern, effectively encoding an object‘s properties such as size, shape and refractive index in the hologram. Lens-free holographic imaging offers a scalable solution with large field of view to analyze microparticles or cells in high-throughput biological imaging applications. We studied characterization of single particles based on their holographic fingerprint using multi-wavelength illumination based lens-free holography. Deciphering this information directly in the hologram domain with our multi-wavelength approach allows for reliable estimation of object refractive index along with its size without ambiguity. This work provides a path forward for lens-free imaging-based microparticle characterization that can prove useful in biological studies such as cell analysis and characterization.
Clonorchis sinensis on the prognosis of patients with spontaneous rupture of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis
Authors: Ni Hang-Hang , Lu Zhan , Yang Cheng-Lei , Lv Yu-Ting , Lu Chun-Xiu , Xiang Bang-De
Published: February 2024

Background

We examined the impact of the Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) infection on the survival outcomes of spontaneous rupture Hepatocellular Carcinoma (srHCC) patients undergoing hepatectomy.

Methods

Between May 2013 and December 2021, 157 consecutive srHCC patients who underwent hepatectomy were divided into an no C. sinensis group (n = 126) and C. sinensis group (n = 31). To adjust for differences in preoperative characteristics an inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis was done, using propensity scores. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared before and after IPTW. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether the C. sinensis infection was an independent prognostic factor after IPTW.

Results

In original cohort, the no C. sinensis group did not show a survival advantage over the C. sinensis group. After IPTW adjustment, the median OS for the C. sinensis group was 9 months, compared to 29 months for the no C. sinensis group. C. sinensis group have worse OS than no C. sinensis group (p = 0.024), while it did not differ in RFS(p = 0.065). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that C. sinensis infection and lower age were associated with worse OS.

Conclusions

The C. sinensis infection has an adverse impact on os in srHCC patients who underwent hepatectomy.
Comparative effectiveness of daptomycin versus vancomycin among patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Adamu Yau , Puig-Asensio Mireia , Dabo Bashir , Schweizer Marin L.
Published: February 2024

Background

In the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections (BSIs), vancomycin stands as the prevalent therapeutic agent. Daptomycin remains an alternative antibiotic to treat MRSA BSIs in cases where vancomycin proves ineffective. However, studies have conflicted on whether daptomycin is more effective than vancomycin among patients with MRSA BSI.

Objective

To compare the effectiveness of daptomycin and vancomycin for the prevention of mortality among adult patients with MRSA BSI.

Methods

Systematic searches of databases were performed, including Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) were used to assess the quality of individual observational and randomized control studies, respectively. Pooled odd ratios were calculated using random effects models.

Results

Twenty studies were included based on a priori set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Daptomycin treatment was associated with non-significant lower mortality odds, compared to vancomycin treatment (OR = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.62, 1.06). Sub-analyses based on the time patients were switched from another anti-MRSA treatment to daptomycin demonstrated that switching to daptomycin within 3 or 5 days was significantly associated with 55% and 45% decreased odds of all-cause mortality, respectively. However, switching to daptomycin any time after five days of treatment was not significantly associated with lower odds of mortality. Stratified analysis based on vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) revealed that daptomycin treatment among patients infected with MRSA strains with MIC≥1 mg/L was significantly associated with 40% lower odds of mortality compared to vancomycin treatment.

Conclusion

Compared with vancomycin, an early switch from vancomycin to daptomycin was significantly associated with lower odds of mortality. In contrast, switching to daptomycin at any time only showed a trend towards reduced mortality, with a non-significant association. Therefore, the efficacy of early daptomycin use over vancomycin against mortality among MRSA BSIs patients may add evidence to the existing literature in support of switching to daptomycin early over remaining on vancomycin. More randomized and prospective studies are needed to assess this association.
The marital and fertility sentiment orientation of Chinese women and its influencing factors – An analysis based on natural language processing
Authors: He Yiqing , Tom Abdul Wahab Noor Eshah , Muhamad Haslina , Liu Darong
Published: February 2024

Background

With the evolution of China’s social structure and values, there has been a shift in attitudes towards marriage and fertility, with an increasing number of women holding diverse perspectives on these matters. In order to better comprehend the fundamental reasons behind these attitude changes and to provide a basis for targeted policymaking, this study employs natural language processing techniques to analyze the discourse of Chinese women.

Methods

The study focused on analyzing 3,200 comments from Weibo, concentrating on six prominent topics linked to women’s marriage and fertility. These topics were treated as research cases. The research employed natural language processing techniques, such as sentiment orientation analysis, Word2Vec, and TextRank.

Results

Firstly, the overall sentiment orientation of Chinese women toward marriage and fertility was largely pessimistic. Secondly, the factors contributing to this negative sentiment were categorized into four dimensions: social policies and rights protection, concerns related to parenting, values and beliefs associated with marriage and fertility, and family and societal culture.

Conclusion

Based on these outcomes, the study proposed a range of mechanisms and pathways to enhance women’s sentiment orientation towards marriage and fertility. These mechanisms encompass safeguarding women and children’s rights, promoting parenting education, providing positive guidance on social media, and cultivating a diverse and inclusive social and cultural environment. The objective is to offer precise and comprehensive reference points for the formulation of policies that align more effectively with practical needs.
Audiovisualization of real-time neuroimaging data
Authors: Thibodeaux David N. , Shaik Mohammed A. , Kim Sharon H. , Voleti Venkatakaushik , Zhao Hanzhi T. , Benezra Sam E. , Nwokeabia Chinwendu J. , Hillman Elizabeth M. C.
Published: February 2024

Advancements in brain imaging techniques have significantly expanded the size and complexity of real-time neuroimaging and behavioral data. However, identifying patterns, trends and synchronies within these datasets presents a significant computational challenge. Here, we demonstrate an approach that can translate time-varying neuroimaging data into unique audiovisualizations consisting of audible representations of dynamic data merged with simplified, color-coded movies of spatial components and behavioral recordings. Multiple variables can be encoded as different musical instruments, letting the observer differentiate and track multiple dynamic parameters in parallel. This representation enables intuitive assimilation of these datasets for behavioral correlates and spatiotemporal features such as patterns, rhythms and motifs that could be difficult to detect through conventional data interrogation methods. These audiovisual representations provide a novel perception of the organization and patterns of real-time activity in the brain, and offer an intuitive and compelling method for complex data visualization for a wider range of applications.
Microbiome features associated with performance measures in athletic and non-athletic individuals: A case-control study
Authors: Humińska-Lisowska Kinga , Zielińska Kinga , Mieszkowski Jan , Michałowska-Sawczyn Monika , Cięszczyk Paweł , Łabaj Paweł P , Wasąg Bartosz , Frączek Barbara , Grzywacz Anna , Kochanowicz Andrzej , Kosciolek Tomasz
Published: February 2024

The influence of human gut microbiota on health and disease is now commonly appreciated. Therefore, it is not surprising that microbiome research has found interest in the sports community, hoping to improve health and optimize performance. Comparative studies found new species or pathways that were more enriched in elites than sedentary controls. In addition, sport-specific and performance-level-specific microbiome features have been identified. However, the results remain inconclusive and indicate the need for further assessment. In this case-control study, we tested two athletic populations (i.e. strength athletes, endurance athletes) and a non-athletic, but physically active, control group across two acute exercise bouts, separated by a 2-week period, that measured explosive and high intensity fitness level (repeated 30-s all-out Wingate test (WT)) and cardiorespiratory fitness level (Bruce Treadmill Test). While we did not identify any group differences in alpha and beta diversity or significant differential abundance of microbiome components at baseline, one-third of the species identified were unique to each group. Longitudinal sample (pre- and post-exercise) analysis revealed an abundance of Alistipes communis in the strength group during the WT and 88 species with notable between-group differences during the Bruce Test. SparCC recognized Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, short-chain fatty acid producers with probiotic properties, species strongly associated with VO2max. Ultimately, we identified several taxa with different baseline abundances and longitudinal changes when comparing individuals based on their VO2max, average power, and maximal power parameters. Our results confirmed that the health status of individuals are consistent with assumptions about microbiome health. Furthermore, our findings indicate that microbiome features are associated with better performance previously identified in elite athletes.
An artificial intelligence approach for investigating multifactorial pain-related features of endometriosis
Authors: Kiser Amber C. , Schliep Karen C. , Hernandez Edgar Javier , Peterson C. Matthew , Yandell Mark , Eilbeck Karen
Published: February 2024

Endometriosis is a debilitating, chronic disease that is estimated to affect 11% of reproductive-age women. Diagnosis of endometriosis is difficult with diagnostic delays of up to 12 years reported. These delays can negatively impact health and quality of life. Vague, nonspecific symptoms, like pain, with multiple differential diagnoses contribute to the difficulty of diagnosis. By investigating previously imprecise symptoms of pain, we sought to clarify distinct pain symptoms indicative of endometriosis, using an artificial intelligence-based approach. We used data from 473 women undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy for a variety of surgical indications. Multiple anatomical pain locations were clustered based on the associations across samples to increase the power in the probability calculations. A Bayesian network was developed using pain-related features, subfertility, and diagnoses. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed by querying the network for the relative risk of a postoperative diagnosis, given the presence of different symptoms. Performance and sensitivity analyses demonstrated the advantages of Bayesian network analysis over traditional statistical techniques. Clustering grouped the 155 anatomical sites of pain into 15 pain locations. After pruning, the final Bayesian network included 18 nodes. The presence of any pain-related feature increased the relative risk of endometriosis (p-value < 0.001). The constellation of chronic pelvic pain, subfertility, and dyspareunia resulted in the greatest increase in the relative risk of endometriosis. The performance and sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the Bayesian network could identify and analyze more significant associations with endometriosis than traditional statistical techniques. Pelvic pain, frequently associated with endometriosis, is a common and vague symptom. Our Bayesian network for the study of pain-related features of endometriosis revealed specific pain locations and pain types that potentially forecast the diagnosis of endometriosis.
„A szexuális propaganda megzavarhatja a gyerekeket.”
Authors: Borgos Anna
Published: February 2024

A jelenlegi magyar politika és kormánymédia genderellenes kampányában a pszichológiát és a pszichológus szakértőket gyakran használják hivatkozási pontként a nemek és a szexualitás normáinak igazolásához, különösen a gyermekekre vonatkozóan. Tanulmányomban véleményformáló magyar (konzervatív és „progresszív”) pszichológusok médiamegnyilatkozásait vizsgálom a 2020-as Meseország mindenkié című könyvvel és a 2021-es „gyermekvédelmi” törvénnyel kapcsolatban. Azt járom körül, hogy a pszichológusok hogyan reflektálnak a gyermekvédelem átpolitizált kérdésére, mit tekintenek a gyerekek szexuális sokszínűségéről való beszéd megfelelő idejének és formájának. Megvizsgálom, hogy egyes befolyásos pszichológusok mind a konzervatív és a „progresszív” oldalon milyen fejlődési diszkurzusok mentén érvelnek a (queer) szexualitás tematizálásának kérdésében, és azt, hogy ezek a diszkurzusok hogyan fonódnak össze implicit vagy explicit genderideológiákkal és heteronormatív megközelítésekkel. Azt állítom, hogy a jelenlegi magyarországi politikai térben a kérdés kapcsán a pszichológusok megosztottsága nem annyira szakmai kötődések, mint inkább politikai vagy ideológiai hovatartozás mentén történik.
Successful Treatment of Eosinophilic Enterocolitis in an Adult Patient With Adalimumab
Authors: Fu Yichun , Choi David , Ronen Natali , Dalal Sushila
Published: February 2024

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases are increasing in prevalence, but understanding of their causes and effective treatments remain elusive, especially in adults. We present a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis and colitis with extraintestinal manifestations that was successfully treated with a tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor, adalimumab.
Spinal involvement in gout simulating spondyloarthritis (clinical case)
Authors: Kuzmina Y. I. , Eliseev M. S.
Published: February 2024

The article presents a case of the lumbar spine involvement in a 37-year-old patient with gout who was observed for several years with a diagnosis of spondyloarthritis. Spinal involvement in the context of gout was confirmed by dual-energy computed tomography. This is a relatively new method for the diagnosis of microcrystalline arthritis, which makes it possible to detect urate deposits in the atypical course of the disease, especially when the axial skeleton is affected. We demonstrate the advantages of the modern gout treatment strategy of achieving and maintaining target uric acid levels by prescribing appropriate doses of xanthine oxidase inhibitors (febuxostat at a dose of 120 mg/day) while preventing arthritis flares (low-dose colchicine).
Raised First Trimester Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies May Predict First Trimester Miscarriage: A Case Control Study
Authors: Ago Boniface , Okpani Enya , Abeshi Sylvester , Ekpe Lawson
Published: February 2024

Miscarriages constitute a significant aspect of failed pregnancies and a source of worry for the patient and caregiver. Some of the causes of miscarriages remain unknown. Immunological conditions such as thyroid autoimmunity could play significant roles. Our objective was to determine the relationship between raised thyroid peroxidase antibodies and first trimester miscarriages in a low resource setting. This was a case control study at the Gynaecological Clinic of the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria; from 14th February 2020 to 13th January 2021, involving 145 cases who had first trimester miscarriages, and their matched controls who had apparently normal pregnancies, at same gestational ages. Sera of venous blood from both participants and controls were analysed for thyroid peroxidase antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and analysed using SPSS version 20, and GraphPad Prism 8.4.3 statistical software. Being a civil servant and low social status had significant odds for first trimester miscarriage. Raised thyroid peroxidase antibodies in the first trimester had 10-fold odds for miscarriage. Odds ratio 10.34, 95% CI: 3.22 to 32.98, P-value = 0.0001. The test had a sensitivity of 89.66% and specificity of 54.41%. The positive predictive value was 17.93%, while the negative predictive value was 97.93% and a likelihood ratio of 1.966. Rising thyroid peroxidase antibodies in early pregnancy could be a predictor for miscarriage. This is so because patients with raised thyroid peroxidase antibodies in the first trimester had a 10-fold risk of having a first trimester miscarriage.
Angelica glauca oil exhibits antidepressant-like effect in experimental animals: An in silico, ADMET and in vivo investigation
Authors: Mishra Shanti Bhushan , Mishra Priya , Gupta Nishi
Published: February 2024

Angelica glauca is an aromatic plant of the Apiaceae family. Traditionally A. glauca is used to cure several diseases including anxiety and depression. The present investigation is focused on studying the in silico and in-vivo antidepressant potential of A. glauca essential oil (AGEO). The GC-MS analysis was performed on A. glauca root oil to confirm the genuineness of the drug. Compounds viz. alpha phellandrene, limonene, and z-ligustilide obtained through GC-MS analysis were screened for Monoamine oxidase from Aspergillus niger (MAO-N) (PDB: 2vvl) binding through molecular docking studies by using autoDock/Mcule tool. Prediction of ADME and physicochemical properties of above-detected compounds was done by using preADMET tool version 2.0. The antidepressant activity was investigated by the forced swimming method and tail suspension method. The docking studies exhibits that limonene has a maximum affinity for MAO-N, followed by alpha phellandrene and z-ligustilide. It has been observed that upon oral administration of A. glauca oil (250 & 500 µl/kg b.w.) and reference drug selegiline at the dose of (0.2 mg/kg) shows significant (p<0.01) reduction in immobility in rats in both the behavioral models. All the results were compared with the control group and justified by histopathological analysis of the brain. The data obtained from the study suggests the antidepressant-like action of A. glauca root oil and its phytocompounds in the behavioral models of FST and TST in a dose-dependent manner.
Fitossociologia de componente lenhoso de uma área de vegetação em Floriano, sul do Piauí
Authors: Clara Santos Dantas Maria , Ribamar Sousa Júnior José , Marcelino Monteiro Júlio
Published: February 2024

Esse estudo se propõe realizar um inventário fitossociológico em uma área de vegetação com características de semiárido, no município de Floriano, região Sul do estado do Piauí, visando minimizar a lacunas no conhecimento sobre o bioma. Nesse estado, as fitosisionomias são influenciadas por distintos ecossistemas e apresenta áreas transicionais (caatinga/cerrado) ainda pobremente estudadas. Foi realizada uma amostragem da vegetação na Fazenda Experimental do Colégio Técnico de Floriano (CTF), cujos pontos quadrantes foram dispostos. Parâmetros fitossociológicos (área basal, dominância relativa, frequência relativa e densidade relativa) foram calculados usando o software Fitopac 2.1 e RStudio. Na área inventariada foram contabilizados 684 indivíduos (643 indivíduos vivos e 41 mortos), totalizando 28 etnoespécies, identificados entre 13 espécies, nove gêneros, três ao nível de família e cinco desconhecidos. Combretaceae se destacou na área estudada. Provavelmente por ser pioneira, heliófila e se adaptar bem ao clima local. Assim, a variação no número de espécies encontradas nos diversos estudos para a caatinga e/ou cerrado pode ser explicada por alguns fatores tais como, topografia, tipo e permeabilidade do solo, pluviosidade local, perturbações antrópicas e até os critérios de inclusão para a seleção da amostra. Essas pesquisas são essenciais para a elaboração de estratégias de conservação por conta do conhecimento e registro dos distintos ambientes florísticos e fitofisionômicos da flora local.
Toxic or medicinal? New approach to the pharmacological and toxicological properties of Echinodorus macrophyllus leaves
Authors: Braga Mariana Aparecida , Eleutério Mateus William de Faria , Cesar Pedro Henrique Souza , Konig Isaac Filipe Moreira , Trento Marcus Vinicius Cardoso , Marcussi Silvana
Published: February 2024

Echinodorus macrophyllus contains some phytochemicals that can induce toxicity but are also promising as ingredients in products to promote and maintain health, improve the immune system, and prevent diseases. In this study, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of leaves of this species were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, investigated in vitro regarding their modulating action on snake venom enzymes, and evaluated in digestive enzyme inhibition assays. The extracts inhibited the phospholipase activity induced by Bothrops jararacussu and B. moojeni venoms. The hemolytic activity induced by Crotalus durissus terrificus venom was potentiated by 30-73% by the ethanolic extract at the ratios analyzed. The thrombolytic activity induced by B. moojeni venom was inhibited by 51% and 34% by the aqueous and ethanolic extracts at a ratio of 1:5 (w:w), respectively. The clotting time induced by B. moojeni and Lachesis muta muta venoms was prolonged after incubation with either extract. The extracts also exerted antigenotoxic action on DNA fragmentation induced by L. muta muta venom. Both extracts lowered the enzymatic activity of α-glucosidases, and the ethanolic extract inhibited α-amylases. The inhibition of digestive enzymes suggests the extracts could decrease calorie availability from carbohydrate intake. Results confirm the potential therapeutic use of E. macrophyllus in the prevention and treatment of hemostatic changes, since the proteins of venoms inhibited by it exhibit high homology with human proteins involved in various pathophysiological processes, such as inflammatory responses and blood coagulation.
Knowledge, awareness and decision making of population visiting north indian institute towards dental implant as a treatment modality: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rani Sapna , Dhawan Pankaj , Kumar Ashish , Kumar Hemant , Tripathi Riya
Published: February 2024

Objectives

The knowledge and awareness surrounding dental implants have significantly increased over the years, driven by advancements in technology, improved educational resources, and increased accessibility to dental care. Despite their widespread use, it is essential to assess the level of knowledge and awareness among patients regarding dental implants. The purpose of the present study is to measure the knowledge, awareness and decision making in dental implant therapy in North Indian population.

Settings and design

An analytical closed ended questionnaire based study.

Methods

A cross-sectional well structured questionnaire survey was conducted amongst 300 out patients randomly either by interview or Google form to assess the knowledge and awareness about dental implant as a treatment modality. There were seven questions which were close ended multiple choice type concerning patient knowledge and 10 questions for assessing awareness and decision making towards dental implants. Date was collected and descriptive analysis was done.

Results

43.67 % of population was either well informed or moderately informed about replacement of missing teeth. For replacement of missing tooth, most of them (83 %) had the knowledge of dental implant therapy. Dentist was the main source of information about implants. 90.67 % studied population believed that implants provide better treatment because of increased chewing efficiency of implants as compared to removable partial dentures or fixed partial dentures. 86.67 % patients thought that implantologist is better qualified that general dental surgeon. 94 % patients were keen to know more about implants. There is non-significant difference in knowledge and awareness as well as decision making for males and females (p<0.05).

Conclusion

People have partial knowledge about dental implants and there is need of spreading awareness about implant therapy in the region. Dentist plays a crucial role for dissemination of knowledge. Cost is a constraining factor for this implant therapy to be chosen as a treatment modality.
Numerical simulation study of the effect of nonlinear side blowing on the flow of gas-liquid two-phase flow
Authors: Su XinTao , Wang Shibo , Wang Hua , Xu Jianxin , Xiao Qingtai
Published: February 2024

The hydrodynamic and stirring characteristics of gas-slag-copper matte three-phase in side-blowing melt pool melting were numerically simulated using a combination of the volume of fluid (VOF) model in computational fluid dynamics and the realizable k-ε turbulence model. The study obtained macroscopic flow and gas-liquid two-phase distribution information of the flow field in the melting process. It also examined the effects of isokinetic blowing and nonlinear blowing on the fluid velocity, penetration depth, gas content, and turbulent eddy volume of the flow field, and compared the results. The results indicate that, for the same total gas volume, constant velocity blowing (CVS) inadequately agitates the molten pool, resulting in a large stirring dead zone within the flow field. In contrast, nonlinear blowing enhances the fluid velocity overall. Specifically, sinusoidal variable speed blowing (SWS) and rectangular variable speed blowing (RWS) reduce the stirring dead zone area by 79  and 73.5 %, respectively. This is attributed to the increase in maximum penetration depth and slag phase gas content, as well as the decrease in gas escape during nonlinear blowing. The vortex volume over the total calculated time for the three conditions is enhanced by 6.7  and 1.1 % for SWS and RWS, respectively. Additionally, the turbulent kinetic energy of the fluids is increased by 18.7  and 17 %, respectively.
A Translation of Ernst Troeltsch’s Prädestination I–II, III
Authors: Parker Gregory , Zoutendam Erin Risch
Published: February 2024

This article provides an English translation of Ernst Troeltsch’s 1907 essay titled “Prädestination” in its entirety, accompanied by a concise introduction to Troeltsch’s articulation of the doctrine of predestination and the salient features of the article. Readers can also trace adaptations between the 1907 and 1913 version of “Prädestination” via the footnotes. This translation provides Anglophone readers access to the only essay in which Troeltsch addresses the question of predestination directly. Significantly, predestination provides the foundation to his understanding of that which drives the development of all of history and therefore is crucial to understanding his thought.