bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pratiques d’enseignants canadiens francophones du primaire en contexte d’exploitation d’outils numériques en sciences et technologie
Authors: Gareau Alexandre , Lefebvre Sonia , Samson Ghislain
Published: June 2024

Cet article pose un regard sur les pratiques d’enseignants du primaire dans un contexte d’exploitation d’outils numériques dans l’enseignement des sciences et technologie (ST). Depuis plusieurs années, de nombreuses études et rapports ministériels relèvent que l’enseignement des ST s’avère difficile au primaire, et ce, pour différentes raisons souvent contextuelles : curriculum scolaire chargé, faible sentiment de compétence et manque de formation continue (Couture et al., 2015 ; CSE, 2013 ; Milner et al., 2012 ; Minier et Gauthier, 2006). Considérant que les outils numériques tendent à amener des changements positifs dans les façons d’apprendre (Fowler et Leonard, 2021) et d’enseigner (Remery et al., 2019), des chercheurs suggèrent de s’intéresser aux usages du numérique pour bonifier les pratiques d’enseignement en ST (Chai et al., 2019 ; Goodnough et al., 2019 ; Tavares et al., 2021). Cette présente recherche en est une qualitative à visée descriptive et suit comme méthode de collecte de données l’étude multicas (Merriam, 1988). Issues d’un sondage et d’observations réalisées auprès de cinq participants, les pratiques ont été analysées à la lumière du modèle TPaCK de Koehler et Mishra (2009). Il ressort dans les résultats que certains enseignants sont en mesure de mieux soutenir leurs pratiques d’enseignement à partir des outils numériques en ST alors que pour d’autres, cela demeure tout de même un défi. Pour expliquer ce constat, la discussion fait état de certains facteurs contextuels qui émergent, dont la disponibilité et le choix des outils numériques, la culture institutionnelle ainsi que le sentiment de compétence des enseignants.
Enseigner les éléments fondamentaux de la culture kanak
Authors: Wayuone Wadrawane Eddie
Published: June 2024

« En ville, au village ou à la tribu, l’école doit faire le premier pas en direction des familles. C’est l’indispensable marque de respect de notre service public » (Gouvernement de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, 2019 : 5) disait Marie-Noëlle Themereau, ancienne Présidente du gouvernement en 2001, lors de la présentation des programmes pour l’enseignement primaire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. Le « stage d’immersion en tribu » organisé conjointement depuis plus de cinq ans par l’Inspé-UNC et la tribu de Câba en province nord donnant aussi aux lauréats professeurs des écoles en 2ème année l’occasion de « se former en dehors » des espaces conventionnels peut se permettre de répondre en termes de défi socio scolaire et à cette volonté sociopolitique. Le Projet Éducatif de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, voté par le congrès du pays le 15 janvier 2016, vient renforcer cette résolution où à l’article 10-1, nous retrouvons la proposition d’un enseignement obligatoire donné à chaque élève des Éléments Fondamentaux de la Culture Kanak. Six points d’ancrage de cet enseignement dont : « le clan, la personne, la case, la terre et l’espace, l’igname, la langue et la parole » sont arrêtés par décision du conseil partenarial mis en place dès le 17 janvier 2017. Cette nouvelle perspective donne l’occasion de développer au cours du « stage en immersion dans la tribu » non seulement le « rapport symbiotique entre recherche et enseignement » (Astolfi, 1992 : 149), mais encore la visée formative consistant à « se former en dehors ». Le « stage en immersion dans la tribu » favorisera sans nul doute le rapprochement avec les réalités du terrain d’exercice et les contextes d’expression de quelques savoirs et techniques de vie autochtone. Les nouveaux programmes de 2019 encouragent à accentuer les questions de didactique et de pédagogie. C’est d’une certaine manière de contribuer à susciter aussi du rééquilibrage par l’école pour pouvoir refonder de nouveaux rapports aux cultures.
Cybersurveiller et cyberharceler les féministes jusqu’à l’épuisement comme stratégie d’action des réseaux antiféministes en France et au Québec
Authors: Waldispuehl Elena
Published: June 2024

Cet article explore les conséquences des cyberviolences sur les trajectoires des féministes en France et au Québec. Les féministes, souvent ciblées par des attaques en ligne, souffrent de graves impacts sur leur santé mentale et leur engagement militant. Les réseaux antiféministes utilisent les technologies pour épuiser les activistes par des attaques répétées, ajoutant la stratégie de l'épuisement aux tactiques de répression. L'article analyse comment ces cyberviolences transforment l'activisme féministe et questionne les méthodes employées pour épuiser les militantes.
Film de recherche SHS et médiation : l’exemple de Scoper
Authors: Billaudeau Valérie
Published: June 2024

L’intérêt suscité par les projections du documentaire Scoper incite la chercheure réalisatrice à trouver une stratégie de diffusion adéquate. Elle fait le choix d’accompagner le film afin de participer aux débats qui suivent les projections pour comprendre comment le public s’empare du sujet sur les sociétés coopératives et participatives (les scop) proposé dans ce film de recherche. Ces temps d’échange l’amènent à questionner la médiation inhérente au format documentaire. En effet, s’il peut sembler y avoir autant de forme de médiation que d’auteurs et de films, le documentaire Scoper est-il susceptible de trouver un public intéressé par une forme d’organisation méconnue et inhabituelle (où les salariés sociétaires sont décisionnaires des grands axes stratégiques de leur entreprise) ? Les diffusions réalisées dans le cadre de Scoper participent-elles à une possible classification des fonctions de la médiation ? À partir de la littérature sur les films de recherche en SHS, l’auteure propose 12 fonctions de médiation à mobiliser dans d’autres contextes pour être validées. Cette grille d’analyse appliquée à Scoper montre que la médiation est non seulement pédagogique mais peut aussi aller vers l’émancipation du spectateur.
Les représentations de l’excellence véhiculées par les Barbie sportives
Authors: Haissat Sébastien
Published: June 2024

Cette étude explore comment les catalogues de Mattel, en tant que médium de communication polysémiotique, transmettent des représentations sociales à travers la commercialisation des poupées Barbie sportives aux États-Unis de la période des années 1980 jusqu’au début des années 1990. Utilisant une méthodologie qui intègre une analyse thématique des discours du fabricant et une étude sémiotique des images correspondantes, cette recherche montre comment ce jouet personnifié est mis en scène dans les catalogues. Présentée comme un modèle d’excellence à atteindre en termes de mieux-vivre, la poupée transporte en elle des représentations qui façonnent un imaginaire genré de la réussite sociale américaine.
Les aqueducs romains de Lyon et d’ailleurs : nouveaux repères
Authors: Borlenghi Aldo , Coquidé Catherine
Published: June 2024

Introduire le dossier « Aqueducs romains de Lyon et d’ailleurs : nouveaux repères », c’est se placer à la suite de plusieurs générations de chercheurs depuis le xvie s. et présenter le cadre de la recherche archéologique contemporaine. Celle-ci a généré en trois décennies un grand nombre de données qu’il a fallu partager et organiser. Le groupe « Aqueducs lyonnais », où tous les chercheurs, quelle que soit leur institution de rattachement, étaient invités à échanger, s’est attelé à la tâche à partir de 2015 pour aboutir à ce volume. Ce dernier propose de faire un état des lieux en quatre thèmes – tracés, construction, datation, arrivée à Lyon – et y ajoute, à l’aune d’autres adductions de l’Empire, un travail de synthèse à même de poser de nouveaux repères pour l’exploration d’un réseau d'adduction d'eau parmi les plus étendus de son temps.
L’aqueduc du Gier à Lyon : la complexité de la protection au titre des monuments historiques
Authors: Boulon Josiane
Published: June 2024

La protection des aqueducs antiques en France a progressé, à l’instar d’autres monuments depuis 1830, année de naissance du premier service patrimonial. La première institution patrimoniale opérait les repérages de monuments avec les moyens du xixe s., sans l’appui d’aucune loi, et les premières listes de monuments n’étaient accompagnées d’aucun moyen de pression pour empêcher les dégradations ou prévenir les négligences. Ainsi, l’aqueduc du Gier, bien que reconnu par les listes, est resté soumis au pillage de ses matériaux. Des constats sont dressés qui témoignent de sa dégradation, même si des travaux sont entrepris pour le sauver. La loi de 1887, qui sera suivie de celle de 1913, donne les premiers moyens coercitifs aux services de l’État. L’aqueduc du Gier a bénéficié de cette loi car il est désormais classé et inscrit partiellement. Néanmoins, il est regrettable que tout son parcours ne soit pas pris en compte, ce problème ne se résorbant que lentement, un arrêté à la fois. La protection en totalité reste compliquée, surtout pour la partie souterraine du canal. Une étude archéologique globale, associant le service régional de l’archéologie et la conservation régionale des monuments historiques pour le positionner précisément, reste un préalable nécessaire pour une protection générale d’un seul tenant. Cette solution semble compromise par la longueur du monument et les contraintes liées au droit privé.
Une double conduite en bois découverte avenue du Point-du-Jour à Lyon
Authors: Motte Sylvain
Published: June 2024

Un exceptionnel segment d’aqueduc a été découvert aux 73-75-77 avenue du Point-du-Jour à Lyon. Il est constitué de deux conduites en bois de gros diamètre installées dans un large fossé.Sa datation précise du début du ier s. apr. J.-C. et sa localisation pourraient permettre de le mettre en relation avec l’aqueduc de l’Yzeron. Il s’agit peut-être d’un tracé provisoire ou d’une dérivation liée à des travaux sur le canal principal. La possibilité d’un ouvrage indépendant de l’aqueduc de l’Yzeron peut aussi être avancée.Par la suite, une pile maçonnée de l’aqueduc de la Brévenne a été construite sur cet ouvrage au milieu du ier s. apr. J.-C.
La restitution architecturale et hydraulique du rampant des Massues sur l’aqueduc de la Brévenne à Lyon et ses conséquences sur l’aval du parcours
Authors: François Paul
Published: June 2024

Cet article entend proposer une restitution du rampant des Massues, extrémité orientale du siphon d’Écully-Tassin sur le parcours de l’aqueduc de la Brévenne acheminant l’eau jusqu’à Lyon. Outre une restitution architecturale en 3D basée sur les dernières observations archéologiques, il s’agit également d’étudier les conséquences de cette restitution sur le débit admissible de cette structure et sur la suite du parcours de l’aqueduc, depuis le rampant des Massues jusqu’à la colline de Fourvière. En détaillant une méthode accessible de calcul du débit dans un siphon, il est possible de montrer que la restitution choisie, en portant l’altitude du réservoir de fuite à 290 m, autorise un débit maximal de 20 000 à 25 000 m3·jour−1 dans le siphon d’Écully-Tassin selon les estimations de l’altitude du réservoir de chasse. Une telle altitude implique de revoir la morphologie du canal dans la suite du parcours, celui-ci prenant probablement la forme d’une file d’arches de près de 2 000 m avec des hauteurs supérieures à 15 m en plusieurs points. Enfin, en maintenant une pente raisonnable, il serait possible d’atteindre la colline de Fourvière à une altitude de 287,50 m et finalement d’alimenter en eau la fontaine du Verbe Incarné.
Analyse des terres cuites architecturales de l’aqueduc de Nyon/Colonia Iulia Equestris (Suisse)
Authors: Clément Benjamin , Henny Christophe , Schmitt Anne
Published: June 2024

C’est à travers le prisme des terres cuites architecturales que nous avons tenté de mieux cerner la mise en œuvre de l’aqueduc romain Divonne-les-Bains – Nyon. Ces dernières ont ainsi fait l’objet d’un prélèvement systématique, afin d’en réaliser une étude exhaustive qui comprend d’un côté un volet métrologique et typologique, et de l’autre des analyses physico-chimiques de l’argile qui les compose. Cette approche double a permis d’observer l’homogénéité des matériaux employés, constitués quasi exclusivement de briques de module lydien, et d’aborder les questions liées à l’approvisionnement d’un chantier de construction de grande ampleur touchant aussi bien la ville que le territoire de la Colonia Iulia Equestris.
La datation des aqueducs de Lyon : nouvelles données et contribution de l’analyse statistique bayésienne
Authors: Oberlin Christine , Lefèvre Jean-Claude
Published: June 2024

Les quatre aqueducs du Gier, de la Brévenne, du Mont d’Or et de l’Yzeron ont été construits pour alimenter en eau la ville antique de Lyon/Lugdunum. La datation de ces aqueducs a longtemps posé question jusqu’à ces dernières années où l’archéologie préventive a permis d’apporter des données nouvelles. Des analyses radiocarbones, ainsi que des datations dendrochronologiques et archéomagnétiques ont pu être réalisées sur ces aqueducs, excepté sur celui du Mont d’Or, apportant ainsi des informations supplémentaires pour aborder leur chronologie.Le logiciel de modélisation chronologique (ChronoModel) a été employé pour affiner la chronologie en utilisant toutes les datations archéométriques et archéologiques. Des datations peuvent ainsi être proposées pour la construction de ces trois aqueducs : autour du changement d’ère pour l’Yzeron, le milieu du ier s. apr. J.-C. pour celui de la Brévenne et la première moitié du iie s. apr. J.-C. pour celui du Gier.
La datation dendrochronologique du coffrage de fondation d’une pile du pont-siphon de l’Yzeron à Beaunant (Sainte-Foy-lès-Lyon, Métropole de Lyon)
Authors: Blondel François , Baldassari David
Published: June 2024

La pile 18 du pont-siphon de Beaunant, située dans le lit de l’Yzeron et examinée lors d’une fouille préventive, présente un massif de fondation ayant nécessité lors de sa mise en œuvre un coffrage composé de planches en sapin maintenues par des poteaux. Au-delà de l’apport archéologique d’une telle découverte, ces bois présentent, pour certains, un nombre de cernes suffisant pour l’obtention d’une datation par dendrochronologie. Cette dernière, de 110 apr. J.-C., permet de définitivement ancrer la construction de l’aqueduc du Gier sous le règne de Trajan. L’acquisition des données dendrochronologiques permet également d’élargir la réflexion aux pratiques d’exploitation du bois d’œuvre et ses circuits d’approvisionnement, avec une provenance qui est potentiellement à rattacher aux environs du tracé de l’adduction.
À propos de la datation des marques du groupe de Clarianus sur les terres cuites architecturales antiques
Authors: Béal Jean-Claude
Published: June 2024

Les briques estampillées aux noms du groupe de CLARIANUS sont fréquentes dans la vallée du Rhône, mais leur datation a été longtemps discutée. Grâce aux découvertes récentes, les produits de cette entreprise peuvent être datés du iie s. apr. J.-C.
Alimenter la ville de Lyon en eau : les galeries de captage antiques sous les collines de Fourvière et de la Croix-Rousse
Authors: Bernot Emmanuel
Published: June 2024

Ces dernières années, à l’occasion de travaux de confortement souterrains, plusieurs tronçons de galeries de captage romaines ont été découverts sous les collines de Fourvière et de la Croix-Rousse à Lyon/Lugdunum (Métropole de Lyon). Aménagées depuis le Haut-Empire, ces galeries étaient généralement maintenues en pleine terre et captaient les eaux d’infiltration à travers le substrat par capillarité. Au regard des mesures de débit relevées dans certains réseaux de galeries et de l’évaluation du potentiel hydraulique des collines, leur apport peut être estimé à plusieurs milliers de mètres cubes par jour. Ces galeries et les captages de source ont donc pu servir à alimenter en eau les quartiers de la ville basse situés sur les pentes des collines, en rive droite de la Saône et sur la presqu’île, en complément des aqueducs débouchant au sommet de la colline de Fourvière et indispensables à l’alimentation de cette partie de la ville dépourvue de ressources naturelles en eau facilement accessibles.
Les réseaux d’alimentation en eau des pentes de la Croix-Rousse et de la presqu’île de Lyon
Authors: Ramona Jules
Published: June 2024

Jusqu’à présent, les travaux portant sur le système hydraulique antique lyonnais se sont essentiellement concentrés sur la ville haute. Si l’existence d’un réseau d’eau sous pression en ville basse était suspectée, aucune synthèse n’a pour autant été entreprise à ce sujet. À partir d’une collecte exhaustive des données relatives aux structures hydrauliques (puits, tuyaux, bassins et fontaines), un état des connaissances des modes d’alimentation en eau sur les pentes de la Croix-Rousse et en presqu’île est réalisé dans cet article. Malgré des conditions d’installation contraintes au niveau de la terrasse alluviale, la zone d’étude présente en effet un potentiel aquifère important et diversifié, qui a su être exploité dès les premiers temps de l’occupation. Les résultats de l’analyse permettent alors d’apprécier une exploitation directe efficiente de toutes les ressources disponibles, en contexte public, d’habitat ou artisanal : galeries de captage, nappes phréatiques, eaux pluviales, eaux de rivière. Techniquement difficile à mettre en œuvre, la conduite de l’eau propre sous pression pose cependant question. Si son existence est clairement attestée sur les pentes de la Croix-Rousse au moins dès l’époque claudienne, au nord et au centre de la presqu’île à partir de la période flavienne, l’origine de son approvisionnement, les conditions techniques de son fonctionnement et les limites de son extension géographique demeurent hypothétiques.
Building Scholarly Bridges
Authors: Broderick Maggie
Published: June 2024

This chapter establishes the need for scholarly support, describes the creation of the advanced research center (ARC) at National University, and outlines the types of support services that should be provided to scholars pursuing publications and presentations. Examples of specific guidance are provided, such as how to find appropriate opportunities, collaborating with other scholars, and participating in the peer review process. Arguments are made for continued initiatives and projects that support ongoing scholarly inquiry for the university community. The chapter contains a background section about changing times in scholarly pursuits, a literature review on the topic, including a focus on the servant scholarship approach and mindset, a description of the ARC project and initiative's development and trajectory, and practical guidance for scholars based on ARC's ongoing efforts. The metaphor of building, maintaining, utilizing, and connecting bridges with a mindset of service to the community is utilized throughout.
Decision-Making Under Uncertainty, Complexity, and Chaos
Authors: Cepni Elif
Published: June 2024

The complex interdependence of modern world makes global governance both at micro and macro level very difficult. Almost all decisions of individuals, companies, governments and international institutions are taken under a great risk or uncertainty. The world is becoming more interconnected and complex.Numerous key systems incorporated in the life of humans exhibit diverse complexities. Markets compromised of various buyers and sellers all categorized in groups participating in mutual funds, economies with hierarchies of workers, departments, firms, and industries;, the internet with users, stations, servers, and websites. Each of these complex systems exhibits a distinctive property called “emergence” roughly described by a phrase “the whole is more than the sum of the actions of the parts. Decision making is not merely a science; there is a requisite for creative and individuality aspects of it to be examined. In the development of technologies, the human nature, psychological and sociological impacts of these technologies must be analysed in a holistic way.
Fostering Total Quality Management and Group Dynamics in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Authors: Ntalakos Angelos , Viterouli Maria , Belias Dimitrios , Rossidis Ioannis , Koustelios Athanasios
Published: June 2024

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of total quality management (TQM) on the hospitality industry as well as to examine the implementation of the concept of group dynamics in the hospitality industry. In addition, this chapter focuses on highlighting whether there is a connection between the variables of total quality management and group dynamics in the hospitality industry. A systematic literature review was conducted based on journals, articles, conference proceedings, and formal reports retrieved from the most known scientific databases such as Elsevier, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The findings of this research revealed that there are no previous research papers that investigate the relationship between total quality management and group dynamics in all market fields. Similarly, there are no papers indicating this relationship in the tourism and hospitality industry.
The Sustainable Future
Authors: Mondal Moumita , Khan Manas
Published: June 2024

As we are dealing with various environmental challenges, the need for a well-informed and an environmentally literate population becomes more important day by day. This research chapter explores the importance of environmental education in addressing contemporary issues, shaping responsible global citizens, and promoting sustainable practices. As this era is marked by climate change, biodiversity loss and increased use of resources, environmental education helps to spread awareness and action. This research chapter investigates the pressing need and profound importance of environmental education in the 21st century. As our planet faces exceptional challenges, understanding the complex relationship between human activities and the environment becomes the greatest important thing. This chapter explores the significance of environmental education in fostering global mindset that promotes sustainability, ecological awareness, and responsible citizenship.
Vaccine Adverse Effects Following Covishield among Health-care Workers in Central India
Authors: Goldar Shalini , Neog Bhaskar Jyoti , Agrawal Sonu Kumari
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

This study aims to analyze common adverse effects following immunization that are temporally associated after receiving the above 2 doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine (Covishield) COVID-19 vaccines among health-care worker from January 2021 to April 2021, in the central region of India in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:

A surveillance-based study was conducted between January 2021 and April 2021 among the health-care worker of the tertiary care hospital in the central part of India. The study was designed to identify the adverse effects reported after receiving a ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine (Covishield) COVID-19 vaccination and demographic details were collected.

Results:

Within 48 h of the initial immunization dose, 651 mild adverse effects in all participants were documented. Headache (n = 168, 16%), fever (n = 105, 10%), fatigue (n = 115, 11%), and muscular discomfort (n = 115, 10%) were among the frequent side effects. One hundred and five minor adverse effects were reported between 3 and 7 days. No major adverse effects were observed after the first and second doses of vaccine.

Conclusion:

The first 48 h were the most common observational period for the short-term adverse effects of both dosages. After 15 days of both doses, the incidence declined for consecutive weeks until it was completely absent. The symptoms were transient and of a minor in nature. There were no documented severe vaccine-related side effects. Our research demonstrated that the vaccination had a decreased adverse event profile, was safe, and was well-tolerated.
Speech Emotion Recognition in Native and Nonnative Languages
Authors: Bharadwaj Lopamudra , Roy Urmi , Ram Jyoti , Telakkadan Haripriya , Abhishek B. P.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Speech emotion recognition can be experimentally tested in native and nonnative languages, as the mechanisms involved would differ across these languages. The recognition of speech in the native language is mediated through the language, and in nonnative languages, speech emotion recognition is facilitated through affective prosody. Linguistic prosody is anchored by the left hemisphere, whereas the right hemisphere coordinates the right hemisphere. The current study was carried out with the aim of testing speech emotion recognition in native and nonnative speakers with the motive of assessing the basic role of language in mediating prosody.

Methods:

The study was carried out on native and nonnative speakers of Malayalam, Assamese, and Bengali. Fifteen sentences (5 declarative, 5 interrogative, and 5 exclamatory) were recorded from native speakers of the aforementioned languages; these sentences were played to native speakers and nonnative speakers of a given language. For instance, the sentences in Malayalam were played to native speakers of Malayalam and nonnative speakers (speakers of Assamese and Bengali). The response sheet had three smileys, and the participants were asked to mark the appropriate smiley after listening to the sentences. Each correct response was given a score of 1, whereas an incorrect response was given a score of 0.

Results:

The native speakers of Malayalam, Assamese, and Bengali secured scores of 13.14 and 15 in their native languages, respectively. In the nonnative language, the participants secured scores in the range of 2–5. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant difference between the native and nonnative languages. The results depicted that the native speakers of a language were able to identify the speech emotions easily, whereas they had difficulty identifying the sentences in the other two languages. The same trend was observed for speakers of Malayalam, Assamese, and Bengali. This showed that speech emotion recognition was linguistically driven.

Conclusions:

The results highlight that the prosody is more linguistically driven as the performance in the native language was better than in nonnative languages.
Elemental Treatment for All Disorders of Communication
Authors: Hegde M. N.
Published: June 2024

Clinical literature in speech-language pathology highlights the multiplicity of treatment procedures. Clinicians tend to believe that each disorder of communication is treated with a unique set of procedures that are not applicable to other disorders. However, a critical examination of treatment programs and treatment research reports reveals only a few effective treatment procedures: (1) instructions, (2) models, (3) prompts, (4) shaping, (5) fading, and (6) response-contingent consequences. These are the elemental treatment procedures effective in treating all disorders of communication. The same treatment elements are also evaluated in all treatment efficacy research studies. Furthermore, regardless of diagnostic categories, there are only four categories of treatment target behaviors: (1) speech sound production, (2) language production, (3) vocal and resonance characteristics, and (4) fluency. Each of the four categories has multiple subtargets.
Successful treatment of recurrent pilonidal sinus using Ksharasutra: A single case report
Authors: Aadithyaraj Kunnummal Thilakan , Sherkhane Rahul , Mahanta Vyasdev , Meena Priyanka , Katkar Shivani
Published: June 2024

Pilonidal disease is a chronic inflammatory perianal disorder and presents a significant disease burden worldwide, affecting the working-age population. The recurrent nature of the condition and the need for multiple treatments contribute to its significant impact on both quality of life and financial resources. Surgical management is commonly employed for chronic and recurrent cases, although newer non-operative approaches are emerging. In India, Ayurveda Ksharasutra therapy is widely embraced by health seekers as a treatment option for pilonidal disease. A 22-year-old male presented at the Shalya Tantra outpatient department with a recurring issue of swelling in the natal cleft, persisting for 7 months, accompanied by bloody discharge. Despite undergoing a Limberg’s flap operation for the same complaint, the swelling recurred within 10 days post-surgery, followed by subsequent discharge. The failed surgical intervention prompted the patient to seek alternative management. Ksharasutra treatment and oral Ayurvedic medicine achieved complete recovery within a month. Under local anesthesia, the patient maintained regular activities during treatment, with no recurrence observed in a 1-year follow-up. This case highlights the effectiveness of Ksharasutra therapy, a minimally invasive Ayurvedic approach, in managing recurrent pilonidal sinus. The method, providing quick recovery, minimal discomfort, and reduced cost, presents a promising alternative to conventional surgical interventions.
Study protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of an Ayurveda formulation (Ayush-SR) in the management of occupational stress among nurses
Authors: Chiluveri Sudha K , Deshpande Smita N , Bhatia Triptish , Yadav Babita , Gupta Bharti , Jameela Sophia , Rana Rakesh Kumar , Singhal Richa , Chandrasekhara Rao Bhogavalli , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:

Work-related stress has been found to have a detrimental effect on the individual’s productivity, quality of work, health, and personal life. Nursing has been identified as an occupation with high stress levels owing to complex job requirements that demand full physical and mental attributes, high responsibility, and job timings. Many Ayurveda interventions have demonstrated adaptogenic properties, and the proposed manuscript presents the design and protocol of the study, an Ayurveda intervention, Ayush-SR, in occupational stress in nurses.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of Ayurvedic medicine Ayush-SR in the management of occupational stress among nurses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, two-arm study has been designed to enroll a total of 120 nurses from a tertiary hospital in New Delhi, India. They will be screened for occupational stress based on a Professional Life Stress Scale (PLSS) score between 15 and 45, to meet the selection criteria. The participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio and allocated to two tabs of either Ayush-SR in the dose of 500 mg or its matching placebo twice a day after food for 90 days. The two-arm intervention comparison study includes a follow-up of 90 days with an assessment at the end of every 30 days.

OUTCOME MEASURES:

The primary outcome is the change in scores of PLSS. The secondary outcomes include the clinical safety assessment, changes in the scores of Quality of Life (by WHOQOL-BREF), and Manasa Bhava (Ayurveda-based psychobehavioral parameters) factors.

Ethics:

Ethics approval was taken from the Institutional Ethics Committee following which recruitment commenced in February 2021.

Clinical Trial Registration:

CTRI/2020/07/2026276 dated 01.07.2020
Cryotherapy as a non pharmacological alternative for the management of postoperative endodontic pain after one visit root canal treatment using three irrigating regimens at different temperatures
Authors: Pupneja Vartika , Jindal Neetu , Aggarwal Renu , Sachdeva Aman Deep Kaur
Published: June 2024

Background:

The goal of the present study was to assess the effect of cryotherapy application at various temperatures in the reduction of postoperative pain after a single-visit (SV) root canal treatment (RCT).

Aim:

The present study aimed to evaluate the postoperative pain after intracanal cryotherapy with saline at different temperatures.

Methodology:

Sixty participants aged ≥18 years were included in this clinical trial. All patients with good general health indicated for SV RCT were included in the present study. Preoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores were obtained by percussing the tooth, and written consent was obtained. The access cavities were prepared, cleaning and shaping were done, and the patients were allocated into three groups based on final irrigation: Group I – saline at room temperature (37°C) (control group), Group II – cold saline (at 4°C), and Group III – cold saline (at 2.5°C). After drying, the canal obturation was done in the same appointment. Postoperative pain was recorded at 24, 48, and 72 h and 7 days with VAS. In case of severe pain, an analgesic was prescribed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The Chi-square test was used to analyze the data.

Results:

Both cryotherapy irrigation groups showed the lowest postoperative pain at 24, 48, and 72 h and after 7 days. The analgesic intake was higher in Group I as compared to other groups.

Conclusion:

Cryotherapy is a promising nonpharmacological treatment alternative for postoperative pain in SV RCT.
Detection of Barr bodies in exfoliated oral mucosal cells for sex determination using oral rinse-based cytology: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jacob Mathew , Palani Rajathi , Boopathy Narmada
Published: June 2024

Background:

Sex determination is essential in forensic science, anthropology, and medical diagnostics. Traditional methods, such as DNA analysis, are resource intensive and time-consuming. This pilot study explores the utility of oral rinse-based cytology for detecting Barr bodies in exfoliated oral mucosal cells from saliva as a more accessible and efficient alternative.

Aim:

This study aimed to assess the viability of rinse-based cytology in identifying sex through the detection of Barr bodies.

Materials and Methods:

In the study, 60 participants aged 20–30, free of lesions, and nonsmokers/nondrinkers, were evenly divided into male and female groups. Unstimulated saliva was collected from each participant between 9 and 10 am Participants were instructed to tilt their heads slightly forward to accumulate saliva and then spit into disposable sterile containers. After centrifugation, two smears were prepared and stained with Papanicolaou (PAP) and hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stains. The smears were labeled (single-blinded) and examined for the presence of Barr body by two oral pathologists.

Results:

H and E stain had a mean Barr body count of 2.38 and a standard deviation of approximately 2.731, whereas PAP stain had a higher mean count of 3.57 with a standard deviation of 3.933. Levene’s test showed significant differences (P = 0.000) in variances between the staining methods (F = 21.001, df = 118, P < 0.001), but the average Barr body count difference of about 1.183 with P = 0.058 was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Oral rinse-based cytology offers a noninvasive, cost-effective, and time-efficient approach to sex determination. While this pilot study demonstrates its potential, further research involving larger and more diverse populations is required to validate its reliability fully. This innovative approach has the potential to impact various scientific and forensic disciplines, offering a practical alternative to traditional methods.
Perception of dentists toward over-the-counter or nonprescription dental products: A questionnaire-based survey
Authors: Vaid Sanjeev , Sharma Deepak , Singh Atul , Negi Shanta , Malhotra Aditi , Mahajan Ankit
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

The oral health-care market has been one of the leaders in research on the chemistry and biology of the mouth, fostering the development of various oral care products that have significantly enhanced the lives of millions of people around the globe. Considering the many choices of over-the-counter (OTC) products available in the marketplace, it is increasingly difficult to select the proper products. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend the many characteristics of these OTC dental medications.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess the perception and preference of dentists toward OTC or nonprescription dental products using a questionnaire.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the perception among dental surgeons regarding OTC dental products. One hundred and two filled questionnaires were received from various dentists through Google Forms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results:

A total of 102 filled questionnaires were received and analyzed using descriptive statistics. 27.5% of dental surgeons recommended toothbrushes and mouthwash for daily oral hygiene maintenance. 85% recommended mouthwash based on clinical experience with 53% preferring it to maintain gingival health. 89.2% thought that companies misinform people about their products, which sometimes leads to problems such as dental abrasion, gum recession, and hypersensitivity, and 94.1% believed that more stringent regulation should be made to control unscientific publicity of these products.

Conclusion:

Most of the dental surgeons recommended the use of OTC dental products based on clinical experience and the specific indication for underlying disease. The preferred products included toothpaste, toothbrushes, mouthwash, interdental cleaning aids, and herbal products. The majority of dentists thought that the indiscriminate use of OTC dental products could lead to dental abrasion and gum problems, so strict regulation on the sale of such products should be done.
Myospherulosis in the periapical region following root canal treatment
Authors: Datar Uma V. , Kamat Mamata S. , Kamat Sharad
Published: June 2024

This report explores a unique manifestation of myospherulosis in the periapical region of lower anterior teeth following root canal treatment with calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2. A 38-year-old woman complained of enduring pain in her lower front teeth for the past 15 days. During the clinical examination, it was observed that the labial vestibule in the lower anterior region was obliterated. The teeth exhibited tenderness upon percussion. Radiographic examination indicated an ill-defined radiolucency in the periapical region, prompting further investigation into the delayed healing. Histopathological examination of the periapical tissue unveiled cyst-like spaces containing brownish-black-stained spherules, indicative of myospherulosis. Curettage with apicectomy was performed to address the delayed healing. A 6-month follow-up revealed complete healing of the lesion, emphasizing the successful management of myospherulosis-induced delayed healing. The unintended consequence of myospherulosis development emphasizes the importance of preventing medicament overflow into the periapical region during root canal therapy to minimize the delayed healing process.
Herpes simplex keratitis: an epidemiologic study
Authors: El- Sayyad Mai M , El-Shorbagy Mohamed S , Allam Waleed A , Nasef Mohammed H
Published: June 2024

Background

Recurrent keratitis due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is called herpes simplex keratitis.

Aim of the work

The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of herpes simplex keratitis to total infectious keratitis, risk factors, and complications of different presentations of herpes simplex keratitis.

Patients and methods

This prospective and observational clinical study was carried out at the cornea unit of the Tanta University Ophthalmology Hospital on 100 patients who suffered from herpes simplex keratitis during 1 year from the first of January 2021 to the end of December 2021.

Results

The incidence of HSK was 100, 5.12% cases of total cases of keratitis (1950) who attended the Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic. The incidence of HSK peaks in middle age from 20- to 60 years, younger patients tend to have more recurrences and complications leading to a greater reduction of vision.

Conclusion

Recurrences of the disease are the major cause of ocular morbidity. HSV stromal keratitis is found to occur more commonly in recurrences than other types. Earlier diagnosis through increased suspicion in patients with risk factors and rapid diagnostic techniques improve outcomes for HSK patients.
Prevalence of visual loss and compliance to the management plan of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients (hospital-based study)
Authors: El-Hameed Shahber Heba R A , El-Bedewy Hazem A , El-Koddousy Mona S , Eid Tarek E-M
Published: June 2024

Background

Glaucoma treatment seeks to improve the patient’s health and quality of life by maintaining visual function without producing unwanted side effects. Currently, the only known and treatable risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is decreased intraocular pressure. Numerous studies have shown that treating glaucoma or ocular hypertension with ocular hypotensive medications slows the onset of POAG or the progression of visual field loss.

Aims

The purpose of this study was to determine how much visual impairment from glaucoma correlated with how well POAG patients adhere to their care plan.

Patients and methods

From January 2018 to December 2019, 200 Egyptians with POAG were selected for this cross-sectional study from Tanta University’s glaucoma outpatient clinic.

Results

High education, regular follow-up visits, fewer prescription adverse effects, ease of medication use, good visual status, and favorable perception of their vision were all characteristics in univariate analysis that significantly improved adherence levels. Only low education levels, higher difficulty using glaucoma drops, and increased adverse drug reactions were statistically significant predictors of poor adherence to glaucoma treatment in multivariate analysis. Age, sex, visual acuity, the number of glaucoma drops used, the length of therapy, financial support, and glaucoma control did not have a statistically significant prognostic value for low compliance.

Conclusion

This study showed that noncompliance is mostly a multifaceted issue among Egyptian glaucoma patients.
Age Estimation Based on Medial Clavicular Epiphyseal Union in A Sample of Egyptian Population Using Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Zaki Eman A , Reda Alaa M , Lashin Heba I , Kabbash Abdel-moty MK
Published: June 2024

Background

Investigating the medial clavicular epiphysis has been crucial in forensic age estimation. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scanning has been proven to be better than other radiological modalities in forensic identification.

Aim

To estimate the age from medial clavicular epiphyseal union using MDCT scanning in a sample of Egyptian population.

Patients and methods

This study was conducted on thoracic MDCT scans of 139 Egyptian participants (68 males, 71 females). Their age ranged between 10 and 35 years. The right medial clavicular epiphysis in each computed radiography (CT) image was evaluated to detect the stage of epiphyseal union according to Schmeling and colleagues (2004) classification.

Results

There was no significant difference between both sexes regarding the frequency of union stages of the right medial clavicular epiphysis. Stage 3 starts at ages 19–35 in males, and ages 17–24 in females while stage 4 appears at ages 25–35 in males and ages 20–33 in females, with significant differences between both sexes (P < 0.001 and 0.001 regarding stage 3 and 4, respectively). Statistically significant correlations (P < 0.001) were detected between the medial clavicular fusion stage and the chronological age in females, males, and both sexes. Univariate linear regression analyses in males, females, and all participants revealed equations for age prediction from the right medial clavicular stages.

Conclusions

The stages of the right medial clavicular epiphyseal union contributed significantly to age estimation in males, females, and both sexes. Regression equations have been explored, and they warrant further external validation.
The serum-ascites vitamin D gradient: a diagnostic marker for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in Egyptian cirrhotic patients
Authors: Elzennary Maryam E , Sharaf- Eldin Mohamed A-R , Elsharaby Radwa M , Habba Eslam A
Published: June 2024

Background

The most prevalent infectious consequence of liver cirrhosis is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Ascitic fluid polymorph nuclear neutrophils (PMN) counts of more than 250 cells/µL are used as the gold standard for diagnosing SBP. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis also had significantly decreased serum 25-OH vitamin D levels compared with controls.

Aim

Our aim is to investigate the role of (serum ascites vitamin D gradient) as a diagnostic factor for diagnosis of SBP.

Patients and method

This cross-sectional study included 80 cirrhotic ascitic patients from Egypt who were treated at the hospitals affiliated with the Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department at Tanta University. Group 1: 40 ascitic patients with SBP. Group 2: 40 ascitic patients without SBP History taking, clinical examination, laboratory analysis, and imaging studies were applied to every patient.

Results

Child-Pugh score was significant in both groups as child C was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2. Total leucocyte count and differential neutrophil were significantly higher in group 1 than group 2 while child B was higher in group 2 than group 1. Differential lymphocyte was significantly lower in group 1 than group 2. SADG was significantly lower in group 1 than group 2. SADG ratio can significantly predict SBP (P = 0.036 and AUC = 0.632) at cut-off less than or equal to −25.8 with 37.50% sensitivity, 95.00% specificity, 88.2% positive predictive value (PPV), and 60.3% negative predictive value (NPV).

Conclusion

Patients with cirrhotic ascites had decreased SADG and higher SBP. In these cases, it might be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for SBP. Patients with decompensated cirrhosis, independent of SBP, have an increased prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency.
A local surjection theorem with continuous inverse in Banach spaces
Authors: Ekeland Ivar , Séré Éric
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we prove a local surjection theorem with continuous right-inverse for maps between Banach spaces, and we apply it to a class of inversion problems with loss of derivatives.
A New Design of Solid-State Bipolar Nanosecond Pulse High-Frequency
Discharge Power Supply for Engine Ignition System
Authors: Sun Ao , Hu Yong , Rong Weixin , Yu Wenbin , Zhao Feiyang
Published: June 2024

In this study, a bipolar nanosecond pulse all-solid-state power supply was
developed including Lenz capacitance (LC) resonant circuit and full-bridge
inverter circuit to provide plasma ignition mode for internal combustion
engines. The power supply converts the direct current (DC) voltage into voltage
pulses using the inverter circuit with insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT),
and subsequently amplifies the voltage through a pulse transformer. In the
magnetic compression circuit, two capacitors were utilized to store energy
simultaneously and approximately double the voltage. By exploiting the
hysteresis characteristics of the magnetic switch, a nanosecond pulse output was
achieved. An enhanced full-bridge inverter snubber circuit was proposed, which
can effectively absorb surge voltage, with a voltage impact reduction on the
primary winding of the pulse transformer to less than 1%. The newly developed
bipolar nanosecond pulse power supply achieved a good performance with bipolar
pulse frequency of 20 kHz and peak voltage of 7 kV, while the rising time is 550
ns and the half-height full-width duration is 420 ns. With surface dielectric
barrier discharge (SDBD) load, the peak power of single pulse discharge can
reach up to 35 kW, with the highest recorded value of deposited energy per pulse
at approximately 0.9 mJ, and a final stable value observed at approximately 0.55
mJ, a uniform multi-streamer discharge was achieved.