bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Double-Sided Information Bottleneck Function
Authors: Dikshtein Michael , Ordentlich Or , Shamai (Shitz) Shlomo
Published: September 2022

A double-sided variant of the information bottleneck method is considered. Let (X,Y) be a bivariate source characterized by a joint pmf PXY. The problem is to find two independent channels PU|X and PV|Y (setting the Markovian structure U→X→Y→V), that maximize I(U;V) subject to constraints on the relevant mutual information expressions: I(U;X) and I(V;Y). For jointly Gaussian X and Y, we show that Gaussian channels are optimal in the low-SNR regime but not for general SNR. Similarly, it is shown that for a doubly symmetric binary source, binary symmetric channels are optimal when the correlation is low and are suboptimal for high correlations. We conjecture that Z and S channels are optimal when the correlation is 1 (i.e., X=Y) and provide supporting numerical evidence. Furthermore, we present a Blahut–Arimoto type alternating maximization algorithm and demonstrate its performance for a representative setting. This problem is closely related to the domain of biclustering.
Integrins Increase Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Activity for Excitation—Contraction Coupling in Human Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wang Brian X. , Kane Christopher , Nicastro Laura , King Oisín , Kit-Anan Worrapong , Downing Barrett , Deidda Graziano , Couch Liam S. , Pinali Christian , Mitraki Anna , MacLeod Kenneth T. , Terracciano Cesare M.
Published: September 2022

Engagement of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ stores for excitation–contraction (EC)-coupling is a fundamental feature of cardiac muscle cells. Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that form the extracellular scaffolding supporting cardiac contractile activity are thought to play an integral role in the modulation of EC-coupling. At baseline, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) show poor utilisation of SR Ca2+ stores, leading to inefficient EC-coupling, like developing or human CMs in cardiac diseases such as heart failure. We hypothesised that integrin ligand–receptor interactions between ECM proteins and CMs recruit the SR to Ca2+ cycling during EC-coupling. hiPSC-CM monolayers were cultured on fibronectin-coated glass before 24 h treatment with fibril-forming peptides containing the integrin-binding tripeptide sequence arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (2 mM). Micropipette application of 40 mM caffeine in standard or Na+/Ca2+-free Tyrode’s solutions was used to assess the Ca2+ removal mechanisms. Microelectrode recordings were conducted to analyse action potentials in current-clamp. Confocal images of labelled hiPSC-CMs were analysed to investigate hiPSC-CM morphology and ultrastructural arrangements in Ca2+ release units. This study demonstrates that peptides containing the integrin-binding sequence arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (1) abbreviate hiPSC-CM Ca2+ transient and action potential duration, (2) increase co-localisation between L-type Ca2+ channels and ryanodine receptors involved in EC-coupling, and (3) increase the rate of SR-mediated Ca2+ cycling. We conclude that integrin-binding peptides induce recruitment of the SR for Ca2+ cycling in EC-coupling through functional and structural improvements and demonstrate the importance of the ECM in modulating cardiomyocyte function in physiology.
Host Cell Antimicrobial Responses against Helicobacter pylori Infection: From Biological Aspects to Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Zeng Judeng , Xie Chuan , Zhang Lin , Liu Xiaodong , Chan Matthew Tak Vai , Wu William Ka Kei , Chen Huarong
Published: September 2022

The colonization of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in human gastric mucosa is highly associated with the occurrence of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Antibiotics, including amoxicillin, clarithromycin, furazolidone, levofloxacin, metronidazole, and tetracycline, are commonly used and considered the major treatment regimens for H. pylori eradication, which is, however, becoming less effective by the increasing prevalence of H pylori resistance. Thus, it is urgent to understand the molecular mechanisms of H. pylori pathogenesis and develop alternative therapeutic strategies. In this review, we focus on the virulence factors for H. pylori colonization and survival within host gastric mucosa and the host antimicrobial responses against H. pylori infection. Moreover, we describe the current treatments for H. pylori eradication and provide some insights into new therapeutic strategies for H. pylori infection.
Metabolism of 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D in Human Macrophages Is Highly Dependent on Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Nygaard Rie H. , Nielsen Marlene C. , Antonsen Kristian W. , Højskov Carsten S. , Sørensen Boe S. , Møller Holger J.
Published: September 2022

Macrophages synthesize active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D) and express the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus; however, vitamin D metabolism in relation to macrophage polarization and function is not well understood. We studied monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from human buffy coats polarized into M0, M1 (LPS + IFNγ), M2a (IL4 + IL13) and M2c (IL10) macrophage subtypes stimulated with 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (1000 and 10,000 nanomolar). We measured vitamin D metabolites (25-hydroxy-vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D, 24,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D and 3-epi-25-hydroxy-vitamin D) in cell media with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry. The mRNA expression (CYP27B1, CYP24A1 and CYP24A1-SV) was measured with qPCR. We found that reparative MDMs (M2a) had significantly more 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D compared to the other MDMs (M0, M1 and M2c). All MDMs were able to produce 3-epi-25-hydroxy-vitamin D, but this pathway was almost completely attenuated in inflammatory M1 MDMs. All MDM subtypes degraded vitamin D through the 24-hydroxylase pathway, although M1 MDMs mainly expressed an inactive splice variant of CYP24A1, coding the degrading enzyme. In conclusion, this study shows that vitamin D metabolism is highly dependent on macrophage polarization and that the C3-epimerase pathway for vitamin D is active in macrophages.
Long-Lived Individuals Show a Lower Burden of Variants Predisposing to Age-Related Diseases and a Higher Polygenic Longevity Score
Authors: Torres Guillermo G. , Dose Janina , Hasenbein Tim P. , Nygaard Marianne , Krause-Kyora Ben , Mengel-From Jonas , Christensen Kaare , Andersen-Ranberg Karen , Kolbe Daniel , Lieb Wolfgang , Laudes Matthias , Görg Siegfried , Schreiber Stefan , Franke Andre , Caliebe Amke , Kuhlenbäumer Gregor , Nebel Almut
Published: September 2022

Longevity is a complex phenotype influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. The genetic contribution is estimated at about 25%. Despite extensive research efforts, only a few longevity genes have been validated across populations. Long-lived individuals (LLI) reach extreme ages with a relative low prevalence of chronic disability and major age-related diseases (ARDs). We tested whether the protection from ARDs in LLI can partly be attributed to genetic factors by calculating polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for seven common late-life diseases (Alzheimer’s disease (AD), atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary artery disease (CAD), colorectal cancer (CRC), ischemic stroke (ISS), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D)). The examined sample comprised 1351 German LLI (≥94 years, including 643 centenarians) and 4680 German younger controls. For all ARD-PRSs tested, the LLI had significantly lower scores than the younger control individuals (areas under the curve (AUCs): ISS = 0.59, p = 2.84 × 10−35; AD = 0.59, p = 3.16 × 10−25; AF = 0.57, p = 1.07 × 10−16; CAD = 0.56, p = 1.88 × 10−12; CRC = 0.52, p = 5.85 × 10−3; PD = 0.52, p = 1.91 × 10−3; T2D = 0.51, p = 2.61 × 10−3). We combined the individual ARD-PRSs into a meta-PRS (AUC = 0.64, p = 6.45 × 10−15). We also generated two genome-wide polygenic scores for longevity, one with and one without the TOMM40/APOE/APOC1 gene region (AUC (incl. TOMM40/APOE/APOC1) = 0.56, p = 1.45 × 10−5, seven variants; AUC (excl. TOMM40/APOE/APOC1) = 0.55, p = 9.85 × 10−3, 10,361 variants). Furthermore, the inclusion of nine markers from the excluded region (not in LD with each other) plus the APOE haplotype into the model raised the AUC from 0.55 to 0.61. Thus, our results highlight the importance of TOMM40/APOE/APOC1 as a longevity hub.
Demystifying the Functional Role of Nuclear Receptors in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Jayaprakash Sujitha , Hegde Mangala , Girisa Sosmitha , Alqahtani Mohammed S. , Abbas Mohamed , Lee E. Hui Clarissa , Yap Kenneth Chun-Hong , Sethi Gautam , Kumar Alan Prem , Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B.
Published: September 2022

Esophageal cancer (EC), an aggressive and poorly understood disease, is one of the top causes of cancer-related fatalities. GLOBOCAN 2020 reports that there are 544,076 deaths and 604,100 new cases expected worldwide. Even though there are various advancements in treatment procedures, this cancer has been reported as one of the most difficult cancers to cure, and to increase patient survival; treatment targets still need to be established. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a type of transcription factor, which has a key role in several biological processes such as reproduction, development, cellular differentiation, stress response, immunity, metabolism, lipids, and drugs, and are essential regulators of several diseases, including cancer. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of NRs in tumor immunology and proved the well-known roles of multiple NRs in modulating proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. There are surplus of studies conducted on NRs and their implications in EC, but only a few studies have demonstrated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of NRs. Therefore, there is still a paucity of the role of NRs and different ways to target them in EC cells to stop them from spreading malignancy. This review emphasizes the significance of NRs in EC by discussing their diverse agonists as well as antagonists and their response to tumor progression. Additionally, we emphasize NRs’ potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target and their capacity to treat and prevent EC.
From Floral Induction to Blooming: The Molecular Mysteries of Flowering in Woody Plants
Authors: Sun Liyong , Nie Tangjie , Chen Yao , Yin Zengfang
Published: September 2022

Flowering is a pivotal developmental process in response to the environment and determines the start of a new life cycle in plants. Woody plants usually possess a long juvenile nonflowering phase followed by an adult phase with repeated flowering cycles. The molecular mechanism underlying flowering regulation in woody plants is believed to be much more complex than that in annual herbs. In this review, we briefly describe the successive but distinct flowering processes in perennial trees, namely the vegetative phase change, the floral transition, floral organogenesis, and final blooming, and summarize in detail the most recent advances in understanding how woody plants regulate flowering through dynamic gene expression. Notably, the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT) and its antagonistic gene TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) seem to play a central role in various flowering transition events. Flower development in different taxa requires interactions between floral homeotic genes together with AGL6 conferring floral organ identity. Finally, we illustrate the issues and corresponding measures of flowering regulation investigation. It is of great benefit to the future study of flowering in perennial trees.
Proteomic Characterization of Virulence Factors and Related Proteins in Enterococcus Strains from Dairy and Fermented Food Products
Authors: Abril Ana G. , Quintela-Baluja Marcos , Villa Tomás G. , Calo-Mata Pilar , Barros-Velázquez Jorge , Carrera Mónica
Published: September 2022

Enterococcus species are Gram-positive bacteria that are normal gastrointestinal tract inhabitants that play a beneficial role in the dairy and meat industry. However, Enterococcus species are also the causative agents of health care-associated infections that can be found in dairy and fermented food products. Enterococcal infections are led by strains of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, which are often resistant to antibiotics and biofilm formation. Enterococci virulence factors attach to host cells and are also involved in immune evasion. LC-MS/MS-based methods offer several advantages compared with other approaches because one can directly identify microbial peptides without the necessity of inferring conclusions based on other approaches such as genomics tools. The present study describes the use of liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS) to perform a global shotgun proteomics characterization for opportunistic pathogenic Enterococcus from different dairy and fermented food products. This method allowed the identification of a total of 1403 nonredundant peptides, representing 1327 proteins. Furthermore, 310 of those peptides corresponded to proteins playing a direct role as virulence factors for Enterococcus pathogenicity. Virulence factors, antibiotic sensitivity, and proper identification of the enterococcal strain are required to propose an effective therapy. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD036435. Label-free quantification (LFQ) demonstrated that the majority of the high-abundance proteins corresponded to E. faecalis species. Therefore, the global proteomic repository obtained here can be the basis for further research into pathogenic Enterococcus species, thus facilitating the development of novel therapeutics.
Asiatic Acid Attenuates Inflammation Induced by Salmonella via Upregulating LncRNA TVX1 in Microglia
Authors: Zou Wenshu , Zhang Jingyan , Zhang Kai , Peng Zhiping , Xin Ruihua , Wang Lei , Li Jianxi
Published: September 2022

Salmonella typhimurium (S.T) induces damage to the central nervous system; however, the role of Asiatic acid (AA) in this is still unknown. Microglia play a role as macrophages to recognize the invaded pathogenic microbes in the brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of AA on the central nervous system through an in vitro model of S.T infection in microglia. We pre-treated microglia with AA before S.T infection and explored the anti-infection mechanism of AA by sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), and Western blotting. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) sequencing demonstrated that inflammation is a major factor in S.T infection of microglia. RT-qPCR data demonstrated that AA inhibited S.T-induced increases in the mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. Western blotting demonstrated that AA inhibited S.T-induced activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway and activation of the NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Expression of the lncRNA TVX1 in microglia was decreased by S.T infection and increased by pretreatment with AA. Inhibition of TVX1 expression reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of AA, and overexpression of TVX1 in microglia suppressed S.T-induced inflammation. In conclusion, AA attenuated S.T-induced microglial inflammation by upregulating the expression of the lncRNA TVX1.
Optimized In Vitro CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Tool in the West Nile Virus Mosquito Vector, Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Torres Tran Zen B. , Prince Brian C. , Robison Alexis , Rückert Claudia
Published: September 2022

Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes are a globally widespread vector of multiple human and animal pathogens, including West Nile virus, Saint Louis encephalitis virus, and lymphatic filariasis. Since the introduction of West Nile virus to the United States in 1999, a cumulative 52,532 cases have been reported to the CDC, including 25,849 (49.2%) neuroinvasive cases and 2456 (5%) deaths. Viral infections elicit immune responses in their mosquito vectors, including the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway considered to be the cornerstone antiviral response in insects. To investigate mosquito host genes involved in pathogen interactions, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene-editing can be used for functional studies of mosquito-derived cell lines. Yet, the tools available for the study of Cx. quinquefasciatus-derived (Hsu) cell lines remain largely underdeveloped compared to other mosquito species. In this study, we constructed and characterized a Culex-optimized CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid for use in Hsu cell cultures. By comparing it to the original Drosophila melanogaster CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid, we showed that the Culex-optimized plasmid demonstrated highly efficient editing of the genomic loci of the RNAi proteins Dicer-2 and PIWI4 in Hsu cells. These new tools support our ability to investigate gene targets involved in mosquito antiviral response, and thus the future development of gene-based vector control strategies.
Evaluation of an Object Detection Algorithm for Shrapnel and Development of a Triage Tool to Determine Injury Severity
Authors: Snider Eric J. , Hernandez-Torres Sofia I. , Avital Guy , Boice Emily N.
Published: September 2022

Emergency medicine in austere environments rely on ultrasound imaging as an essential diagnostic tool. Without extensive training, identifying abnormalities such as shrapnel embedded in tissue, is challenging. Medical professionals with appropriate expertise are limited in resource-constrained environments. Incorporating artificial intelligence models to aid the interpretation can reduce the skill gap, enabling identification of shrapnel, and its proximity to important anatomical features for improved medical treatment. Here, we apply a deep learning object detection framework, YOLOv3, for shrapnel detection in various sizes and locations with respect to a neurovascular bundle. Ultrasound images were collected in a tissue phantom containing shrapnel, vein, artery, and nerve features. The YOLOv3 framework, classifies the object types and identifies the location. In the testing dataset, the model was successful at identifying each object class, with a mean Intersection over Union and average precision of 0.73 and 0.94, respectively. Furthermore, a triage tool was developed to quantify shrapnel distance from neurovascular features that could notify the end user when a proximity threshold is surpassed, and, thus, may warrant evacuation or surgical intervention. Overall, object detection models such as this will be vital to compensate for lack of expertise in ultrasound interpretation, increasing its availability for emergency and military medicine.
Using Transparent Soils to Observe Soil Liquefaction and Fines Migration
Authors: Chang Jisun , Airey David
Published: September 2022

The cyclic liquefaction of soils and associated mud-pumping can lead to costly repairs of roads, railways, and other heavy-haul infrastructure. Over the last decade, several laboratory studies have been conducted to investigate these phenomena, but, due to the opacity of soil, the typical experimental observations of cyclic liquefaction have been limited to post-test observations of fine movement and the data of water pressures and soil settlements. In this paper, we show how partially transparent soil models can be used to provide the visualization of a moving saturation front and that fully transparent models can be used to observe fine migration during the cycling loading of a soil column. The changing saturation degree was tracked using a correlation between the degree of saturation, soil transparency, and grayscale image values, while particle movements of fines and larger particles were measured using a small number of fluorescent particles and particle tracking velocimetry. Another innovation of the work was in using mixtures of ethyl benzoate and ethanol as a low-viscosity pore fluid with the refractive index matching the fused silica soil particles. The benefits and challenges of these visualization tests are discussed.
Development of Test Methods to Evaluate the Printability of Concrete Materials for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Mortada Youssef , Mohammad Malek , Mansoor Bilal , Grasley Zachary , Masad Eyad
Published: September 2022

This study proposes test methods for assessing the printability of concrete materials for Additive Manufacturing. The printability of concrete is divided into three main aspects: flowability, setting time, and buildability. These properties are considered to monitor the critical quality of 3DCP and to ensure a successful print. Flowability is evaluated through a rheometer test, where the evolution of shear yield strength is monitored at a constant rate (rpm), similar to the printer setup. Flowability limits were set based on the user-defined maximum thickness of a printed layer and the onset of gaps/cracks during printing. Setting time is evaluated through an ultrasonic wave pulse velocity test (UPV), where the first inflection point of the evolution of the UPV graph corresponds to the setting time of the concrete specimen. The results from this continuous non-destructive test were found to correlate with the results from the discrete destructive ASTM C-191 test for measuring setting time with a maximum difference of 5% between both sets of values. Lastly, buildability was evaluated through the measurement of the early-age compressive strength of concrete, and a correlation with the UPV results obtained a predictive model that can be used in real-time to non-destructively assess the material buildability. This predictive model had a maximum percentage difference of 13% with the measured values. The outcome of this study is a set of tests to evaluate the properties of 3D printable concrete (3DP) material and provide a basis for a framework to benchmark and design materials for additive manufacturing.
Starch-Stabilized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Dasgupta Natun , Nayak Milind Ajith , Gauthier Mario
Published: September 2022

The photocatalytic Fenton process, which produces a strong oxidant in the form of hydroxyl radicals, is a useful method to degrade organic contaminants in water. The Fenton reaction uses hydrogen peroxide and Fe2+ ions under relatively acidic conditions (typically pH 2–3) to maintain solubility of the iron catalyst but is troublesome due to the large volumes of decontaminated yet highly acidic water generated. Starch-stabilized iron (Fe2+/Fe3+) oxide nanoparticles were synthesized to serve as a colloidal catalyst system as the hydrophilic starch effectively prevents precipitation of the nanoparticles under conditions closer to neutrality. To evaluate the usefulness of this catalyst system for the photo-Fenton degradation of methylene blue as a model dye, the preparation protocol used and the iron loading in the starch were varied. The photocatalytic Fenton reaction was investigated at pH values up to 4. Not only were the starch-stabilized catalysts able to decolorize the dye but also to mineralize it in part, that is, to degrade it to carbon dioxide and water. The catalysts could be reused in several degradation cycles. This demonstrates that starch is an efficient stabilizer for iron oxide nanoparticles in aqueous media, enabling their use as environmentally friendly and cost-effective photo-Fenton catalysts. These starch-stabilized iron nanoparticles may also be useful to degrade other dyes and pollutants in water, such as pesticides.
Scanning Electron Microscopy Analyses of Dental Implant Abutments Debonded from Monolithic Zirconia Restorations Using Heat Treatment: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Tallarico Marco , Zadrożny Łukasz , Squadrito Nino , Colella Leonardo , Gualandri Maurizio , Montanari Daniele , Zibetti Gianantonio , Santini Simone , Chromiński Witold , Baldoni Edoardo , Meloni Silvio Mario , Lumbau Aurea Immacolata , Pisano Milena
Published: September 2022

Aim: The aim of this in vitro study is to present a debonding protocol developed to remove a screw-retained, monolithic, zirconia restoration from its titanium-base abutment, and to microscopically evaluate the abutment integrity at both the prosthetic and connection levels. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 samples were tested. Each sample consisted of a monolithic zirconia restoration bonded on a titanium link abutment. Five different shapes were designed and fabricated. Randomly, one-third of the Ti-link abutments were subjected to an anodizing process. Then, all the zirconia samples were bonded to the Ti-link abutments according to a pre-established protocol. Forty-eight hours later, the samples were debonded according to the experimental protocol. The outcomes were evaluated by a visual inspection with an optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemical composition analysis. Results: Thirty samples were collected and visually analyzed. Seven samples were randomly evaluated via scanning electron microscopy. In all the examinations, no relevant changes were reported. Chemical composition analysis also relieved no changes in the chemical structure of the titanium. Conclusions: The titanium-base abutments do not alter the structure and properties of the material, not creating phase changes or the birth of oxides such as to induce fragility. Further clinical studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
An Integrated Quantitative Method Based on ArcGIS Evaluating the Contribution of Rural Straw Open Burning to Urban Fine Particulate Pollution
Authors: Wen Xin , Chen Weiwei , Zhang Pingyu , Chen Jie , Song Guoqing
Published: September 2022

This study presents a GIS-based method integrating hourly transport pathways and wind-field grid reconstruction, straw open burning (SOB) source identification, and a two-stage spatiotemporal multi-box modeling approach to quantify the contribution of external sources of SOB to elevated urban PM2.5 concentrations during a specific pollution episode (PE) at a high temporal resolution of 1 h. Taking Jilin Province as an empirical study, the contribution of SOB in province-wide farmlands to urban haze episodes in Changchun during the SOB season of 2020–2021 was evaluated quantitatively using a combination of multi-source datasets. The results showed that Changchun experienced three severe PEs and one heavy PE during the study period, and the total PM2.5 contributions from SOB sources were 352 μg m−3, 872 μg m−3, and 1224 μg m−3 during the three severe PEs, respectively; these accounted for 7%, 27%, and 23% of the urban cumulative PM2.5 levels, which were more obvious than the contribution during the PE. The total PM2.5 contribution from SOB sources (4.9 μg m−3) was only 0.31% of the urban cumulative PM2.5 level during the heavy PE. According to the analysis of the impact of individual factors, some policy suggestions are put forward for refined SOB management, including control spatial scope, burning time interval, as well as burning area limit under different urban and transport pathways’ meteorological conditions and different transport distances.
High-Accuracy Clock Offsets Estimation Strategy of BDS-3 Using Multi-Source Observations
Authors: Yang Jianhua , Tang Chengpan , Zhou Sanshi , Song Yezhi , Liu Jinhuo , Xiang Yu , Liu Yuchen , Tian Qiuning , Yang Yufei , Yang Zuo , Hu Xiaogong
Published: September 2022

Satellite clock offsets are the critical parameters for The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs) to provide position and timing (PNT) service. Unlike other GNSSs, BDS-3 uses the two-way superimposition strategy to measure satellite clock offsets. However, affected by some deficiencies of the two-way superimposition strategy, the accuracy of BDS-3 clock offsets parameters is 1.29 ns (RMS), which is the main bottleneck for BDS-3 to improve its space signal accuracy. After analyzing problems in the clock offsets measurement process of BDS-3, the paper proposes a new strategy to real-time estimate high-accuracy satellite clock offsets. The clock offsets estimated by the new strategy show a good consistency with GBM clock offsets. The averaged STD of their differences in MEO is 0.14 ns, and the clock offsets estimated by the new strategy present less fluctuation in the 1-day fitting residuals. Applying the new clock offsets to prediction, BDS-3 can reduce its clock offsets errors from 1.05 ns to 0.29 ns (RMS), about 72%. The above results indicate that the new clock offsets estimated strategy can improve the accuracy of clock offsets parameters of BDS-3 effectively.
Decoupled Object-Independent Image Features for Fine Phasing of Segmented Mirrors Using Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Yirui , Zhang Chunyue , Guo Liang , Xu Shuyan , Ju Guohao
Published: September 2022

A segmented primary mirror is very important for extra-large astronomical telescopes, in order to detect the phase error between segmented mirrors. Traditional iterative algorithms are hard to detect co−phasing aberrations in real time due to the long-time iterative process. Deep learning has shown large potential in wavefront sensing, and it gradually focuses on detecting piston error. However, the current methods based on deep learning are mainly applied to coarse phase sensing, and only consider the detection of piston error with no tip/tilt errors, which is inconsistent with reality. In this paper, by innovatively designing the form of pupil mask, and further updating the OTF in the frequency domain, we obtain a new decoupled independent feature image that can simultaneously detect the piston error and tilt/tilt error of all sub-mirrors, which is effectively decoupled, and eliminates the dependence of the data set on the imaging object. Then, the Bi−GRU network is used to recover phase error information with high accuracy from the feature image proposed in this paper. The network’s detection accuracy ability is verified under single wavelength and broadband spectrum in simulation. This paper demonstrates that co−phasing errors can be accurately decoupled and extracted by the new feature image we proposed and will contribute to the fine phasing accuracy and practicability of the extended scenes for the segmented telescopes.
CuE réz többtengelyű kovácsolásának szimulációja
Authors: Tamás Bíró , Zsombor Juhász , József Bálint Renkó
Published: September 2022

Kétutas, többtengelyű kovácsolás megvalósítására és a lejátszódó mechanikai folyamatok vizsgálatára egy új tervezésű, zárt üregű, multiaxiális zömítőszerszám készült. A szerszám működtetése MTS 810 típusú anyag- vizsgáló berendezéssel történt, amely az alakítási erőt és a keresztfej elmozdulását rögzítette az idő függ- vényében. A négy alakítási lépésből álló kísérlet alapanyaga lágyított állapotú CuE réz volt. A logaritmikus alakváltozás mértéke lépésenként 0,8 volt, így a kumulált, egyenértékű alakváltozás a folyamat végére 3,2-re adódott. Az aktív szerszámok mozgási sebessége a teljes vizsgálat alatt 2 mm/min volt. A folyamat erőviszo- nyainak vizsgálatára végeselemes szimuláció készült QForm3D szoftverrel, amelyhez a szükséges folyásgör- be felvétele Watts–Ford-méréssel történt.
Új gyártástechnológia kifejlesztése folytonosszál-erősítéses, hőre lágyuló polimer mátrixú kompozitokhoz
Authors: Tóth Csenge , Kovács Norbert Krisztián
Published: September 2022

Munkánkban egy új, hibrid eljárást mutatunk be folytonos szálas, fröccsöntött kompozitok előállítására. Szál- erősített betéteket készítettünk 3D-s nyomtatással, majd ezekre polimer mátrixanyagot fröccsöntöttünk. A befröccsöntött polimer ömledék áramlását és a gyártási paraméterek (kiemelten a szerszámhőmérséklet) hatását fröccsöntési szimulációkkal ellenőriztük. Kísérleteinkkel bemutattuk, hogy aszimmetrikus szálelhe- lyezés esetén az erősítőszálak és a polimer zsugorodása közti különbség vetemedést okoz. A vetemedés kom- penzálását követően 30%-os növekményt értünk el a fröccsöntött kompozitok hajlítószilárdsága és modulusa esetén az erősítetlen referenciához képest.
Hallazgos vigentes de investigaciones pioneras en el desarrollo de la capacidad de localización auditiva en bebés
Authors: Alvarez-Ramirez Leonardo Yovany
Published: September 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar hallazgos vigentes de las investigaciones pioneras en el desarrollo de la capacidad de localización auditiva en bebés mediante la técnica de revisión documental a través de cuatro fases: Preparatoria, descriptiva, interpretativa y sinopsis. Los hallazgos muestran que el umbral de respuesta sonora decrece con la edad del infante, el oído medio aun es inmaduro, igual que la discriminación de frecuencias. El descubrimiento y codificación de nueva información sonora demora solo unos pocos meses en el infante y está afectado por la maduración del oído medio, sin embargo pierde información relevante que debería trasmitirse al cerebro. El infante aprende asociaciones vista-sonido después de nacer así como expectativas sobre estos eventos en una realidad tridimensional en razón a su repetición.
Qualidade de Vida e Sintomas Psicopatológicos: definição de perfis após AVC
Authors: Conceição Patrícia Alexandra Silva da , Carvalho Paula Susana L. Saraiva , Gama Jorge Manuel dos Reis
Published: September 2022

Introdução. Os indivíduos que sobrevivem a um Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) têm frequentemente sequelas permanentes quer sejam físicas quer sejam psicológicas que levam à diminuição da Qualidade de Vida (QV) e ao desenvolvimento de sintomatologia depressiva, ansiosa e somática estando relacionadas com a diminuição da QV. Objetivo. Este estudo pretende avaliar a QV e a presença de Sintomas Psicopatológicos em pessoas após AVC. Método. Participaram neste estudo 100 indivíduos aos quais se aplicou a Escala de Qualidade de Vida Específica para Utentes que Sofreram um Acidente Vascular Cerebral (EQVE-AVC) e o Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI-18). Resultados. Os principais resultados evidenciaram uma correlação negativa moderada entre EQVE-AVC e BSI-18. Além disso, comprovou-se existir diferenças significativas na QV, sintomas psicopatológicos e algumas subescalas dos mesmos tendo em conta o género. Relativamente ao tipo de AVC verificou-se diferenças significativas na QV e os seus domínios, mas não se verificou para os sintomas psicopatológicos. Acrescesse a análise de clusters no qual o Papel Social demonstrou ser a variável mais importante no poder preditivo na constituição dos clusters. Conclusão. Este estudo oferece um conhecimento relativo aos níveis de QV e a presença de sintomas psicopatológicos nesta população tendo em conta variáveis como o género e o tipo de AVC, destacando-se a análise por clusters. Desta forma, contribui para auxiliar a equipa multidisciplinar desde o diagnóstico, tratamento até às orientações para o paciente, familiares ou cuidadores.
Raising public awareness in N. O. Yeshchenko’s performance activity
Authors: Nina Rudenko
Published: September 2022

The article is dedicated to an outstanding personality, Merited Artist of Ukraine, professor of Kharkiv I. P. Kotlyarevsky National University of Arts. Nataliia Olexandrivna Yeshchenko (1926–2015) is the pianist, teacher, artist, scientist, who devoted her entire life to music. In her work she preserved traditions of the Kharkiv piano school, the founders of which were P. Lutsenko, O. Horovyts, M. Khazanovskyi. Her rich and fruitful activity left a noticeable mark in the history of piano performance in Ukraine. The work of the famous performer attracted the attention of reviewers and researchers, but it did not specifically focus on such an aspect as public awareness. The purpose of this article is to consider the educational direction of N. O. Yeshchenko’s performance as an important aspect of the work of an outstanding pianist of the 20th century. In the course of the research, it became necessary to turn to archival materials, in particular personal documents of the pianist, reviews of her concerts in periodicals, audio recordings of her works, her repertoire list. Based on the analysis of the mentioned source base, we support the idea that the performance art of N. O. Yeshchenko had a clearly defined educational orientation. Unforgettable was her concert-educational activity, which manifested itself in various aspects of her performance: numerous monographic concerts dedicated to the works of great composers, performances with a symphony orchestra, playing in a piano duet, accompaniment to vocalists and instrumentalists. She willingly took part in concert lectures, performed in front of a wide audience in sponsor concerts, also took part in various concerts in remote areas of the country. She bequeathed such a broad vision of the musician’s performing mission to her students. Thanks to music she constantly had a dialogue with the audience through numerous publications in periodicals. By including little-known or, unfortunately, forgotten works she showed the audience the layers of beautiful music, and was the first performer of works by Ukrainian composers, including Kharkiv authors. Programs (often organized in collaboration with a musicologist) featuring works of a certain genre, such as waltz, rondo, transcriptions, miniatures, introduced the listener to the world of genres still unknown or little known to them. A significant contribution to the treasure trove of Ukrainian performance was the concert performance of world-famous complex cycles of piano literature: 12 F. Liszt`s “Transcendental Etudes” and “24 Preludes” by S. Rachmaninoff. So, the analysis of N. O. Yeshchenko’s performance art shows that raising public awareness in the performance field was the main direction of her activity.
Panchaboothankal (Five Elements of Nature) as Depicted in Kurunthokai
Authors: M Jagadheeshwari
Published: September 2022

Sangam literature is one of the oldest pieces of literature that deals with the culture and customs of ancient peoples. In this literature, Ettuthokai (the Eight Anthologies) and Patthupaattu (The Ten Idylls) are the best guides for us to understand the aspects of the lives of the people and to live through them, and they provide ideas in many fields, such as science, astronomy, psychology, geography, etc. In that sense, it would not be an exaggeration to say that even though the Kurunthokai songs narrate the lives of the man and the woman, they give way to various creative scientific ideas. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to look at the multifaceted ideas found in the Kurunthokai songs.
DON LUPE ORO C2020: NUEVA VARIEDAD DE TRIGO DURO PARA EL NOROESTE DE MÉXICO
Authors: Borbón-Gracia Alberto , Díaz-Ceniceros Huizar Leonardo , Chávez-Villalba Gabriela , Ammar Karim , Fuentes-Dávila Guillermo , Alvarado-Padilla Jorge Iván , Huerta-Espino Julio
Published: September 2022

El noroeste de México es la principal región productora de trigo cristalino (Triticum durum Desf.). Durante el año 2020 se cultivaron 159,229 ha con este tipo de trigo, las cuales representaron el 90.5 % de la superficie total sembrada en México. Dicha región alcanzó una producción de 1.19 millones de toneladas, con un valor de la producción de 5.25 mil millones de pesos (SIAP, 2021).
Conflictos obreros en la revista Caras y Caretas durante 1916-1930
Authors:   , Di Mare Linares María Fabiola
Published: September 2022

La investigación doctoral analiza la construcción periodística y comunicacional de las huelgas obreras ocurridas durante los primeros gobiernos de la Unión Cívica Radical (UCR), desde la perspectiva de la primera empresa en formato magazine en Argentina, Caras y Caretas. Se realiza un análisis de los principales conflictos laborales experimentados en esa época de profundas transformaciones políticas y sociales, coincidente con la presencia de gobiernos democráticos elegidos por el voto popular masculino y sin fraude. Se incluye el estudio de las huelgas portuarias, ferroviarias, los conflictos en los frigoríficos, la denominada "Semana trágica de 1919". También se abordan las representaciones de la mujer obrera y la niñez. En el capítulo final se profundiza en la legitimación discursiva del golpe de estado de 1930 realizada por el semanario objeto de estudio.
Experiencia de educación sensible en tres centros comerciales de Medellín; una experimentación con arte contemporáneo
Authors: Salazar Vargas Wilde María de las Mercedes
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo emerge de la reflexión sobre unas experimentaciones, con arte contemporáneo, en tres centros comerciales de Medellín, cuyo objetivo fue tensionar las posibilidades de la educación de lo sensible que acontecen en estos centros. Dicha reflexión se inscribió en el método cualitativo, mediante la investigación basada en las artes, permitiendo desplegar dos acciones artísticas: primera, unas estancias de participación sensible, un pasear, anidar; y la segunda, en espacio, un experimento con una vitrina rodante, provocación o invitación a los visitantes a interactuar. Los resultados de las experimentaciones con arte mostraron la necesidad de interrogar las formas de educación de lo sensible, que se dan en los centros comerciales, y el impacto en la vida de las personas, en la conformación de redes de consumidores y en las prácticas socioeconómicas de la ciudad. En este trabajo, se reivindican las maneras de educación sensible otra que producen los espacios de los centros comerciales sobre los cuerpos, y los modos de subjetivación que se despliegan.
tres centros comerciales de Medellín. (2020). Finalmente se pudo evidencia, que en el centro comercial despliega una educación otra.
Desigualdad y estratificación socioeconómica en relación con el individualismo y el colectivismo cultural: una discusión teórica de su construcción desde la psicología social
Authors: Chaverri Chaves Pablo , Fernández Sedano Itziar
Published: September 2022

Se plantea la problemática de la desigualdad en la distribución de la riqueza y la importancia y aporte de la psicología social en su discusión y comprensión, en relación con el individualismo y el colectivismo (IC) cultural. Se llevó a cabo un análisis crítico de contenido basado en una búsqueda sistemática de literatura científica, dando prioridad a la bibliografía de los últimos diez años, con el objetivo de analizar la influencia de la orientación individualista-colectivista de la cultura en la desigualdad y la estratificación socioeconómica desde una perspectiva psicosocial. Luego de revisada la literatura, se organizó el contenido en una lógica descendente, desde lo más general a lo más particular. Primero, se presenta una relación entre psicología y cultura; seguidamente, se plantea el IC cultural desde una visión ecológica. Posteriormente, se revisa el IC con respecto a la imagen de sí mismo. A continuación, se vincula el IC con sus perspectivas vertical y horizontal. Finalmente, se presentan asociaciones entre el IC, la desigualdad socioeconómica y la estratificación social. Se propone que existe una relación entre la orientación cultural individualista-colectivista y la desigualdad socioeconómica, donde las sociedades más colectivistas muestran mayores niveles de desigualdad, lo cual puede estar relacionado con un mayor nivel de conformismo social, tolerancia a la injusticia y obediencia a la autoridad, que son parte del modo en que psicosocialmente se construyen estructuras jerárquicas que son mentales y materiales, al mismo tiempo, en tanto ambas dimensiones interdependen dinámicamente entre sí.
The experience of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» in developing programs for improving the environmental efficiency
Authors: Рублевская О.Н. , Лысова Т.И.
Published: September 2022

Приведен опыт разработки программ повышения экологической эффективности в свете требований к их разработке и одобрению Межведомственной комиссией при Минпромторге Российской Федерации для объектов ГУП «Водоканал Санкт-Петербурга»: Центральной стации аэрации, Северной станции аэрации, Юго-Западных очистных сооружений. Акцентированы следующие вопросы: особенности разработки программ повышения экологической эффективности для водоканалов, эксплуатирующих централизованные системы водоотведения поселений и городских округов, осуществляющих сброс сточных вод в водосборный бассейн Балтийского моря; необходимые сроки для разработки и одобрения программ. Обращено внимание на необходимость жесткого соблюдения требований к разделам программ. Особо отмечены нюансы сопоставления фактического качества сбрасываемых сточных вод по технологически нормируемым веществам с выбранными технологическими показателями наилучшей доступной технологии. Приведены примеры аналитической оценки выбора значений показателей и технологических решений для этапов мероприятий программ. Обращено внимание на необходимость анализа всех наилучших доступных технологий, регламентируемых утвержденными информационно-техническими справочниками. Указаны аспекты отражения в программах результатов инвентаризации сбросов загрязняющих веществ.

The experience of developing programs for improving the environmental efficiency in the context of the requirements for their development and approval by the Interdepartmental Commission under the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation for the facilities of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg» is presented: the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant, Northern Wastewater Treatment Plant, the Southwestern Treatment Facilities. The following issues have been accentuated: the specific features of developing programs for improving the environmental efficiency for water and wastewater utilities operating public wastewater disposal systems in settlements and urban districts that discharge effluents into the Baltic Sea catchment basin; the required dates for developing and approving the programs. Attention is drawn to the need for strict compliance with the requirements to the program components. Particularly noted are the nuances of comparing the actual quality of discharged effluents in relation to the technologically regulated substances with selected process parameters of the best available technology. Examples of the analytical evaluation of the choice of indicator values and technological solutions for the stages of the program activities are given. The focus is drawn toward the need to analyze all the best available technologies regulated by the adopted information and technical reference books. The aspects of highlighting the results of the inventory of pollution discharges in the programs are indicated.
تأثير التمرينات المتناظرة والموجهة للدماغ في تطوير دقة مهارتي المناولة والتهديف بكرة القدم للناشئين
Authors: Prof. dr Furat Jabbar Saadalla
Published: September 2022

يشهد العالم اليوم تطوراً متواصلاً لا يمكن استيعابه من قبل  برامج التعلم وطرائقها مما يُحتم  وجود برامج تُمكن المُتعلم من تطوير المهارات الحركية بهدف تنمية إمكاناته وقابلياته استجابة لميوله ورغباته وتجلت أهمية البحث في معرفة تأثير التمرينات الخاصة بدلالة التمرينات المتناظرة والموجهة للدماغ في تطوير دقة مهارتي المناولة والتهديف لناشئي كرة القدم، وتم استخدام المنهج التجريبي ذو تصميم المجموعتين المتكافئتين التجريبية والضابطة على عينة قوامها (30) ناشئا اختيروا عشوائياً من بين لاعبي المدرسة الكروية بكرة القدم بأعمار (14) سنة للموسم الرياضي 2021/2022، ومن خلال المعالجات الإحصائية تم التوصل إلى إن للتمرينات المتناظرة والموجهة للدماغ أهمية كبيرة في تطوير دقة مهارتي المناولة والتهديف لناشئي كرة القدم، وقد أوصى الباحث إلى استخدام التمرينات المتناظرة والموجهة للدماغ في تطوير دقة مهارتي المناولة والتهديف لناشئي كرة القدم.
" تأثير الاضطرابات السيكوسوماتية (النفسية-الجسمية) على مستوى الابداع الوظيفي لدى العاملين في وزارة الشباب والرياضة "
Authors: Assist. Prof  dr Firas Ajeel Yawar  , Ali Salman Dawood
Published: September 2022

هدفت الدراسة الى اعداد مقاييس (الاضطرابات السيكوسوماتية (النفسية-الجسمية و والابداع الوظيفي) لدى العاملين في وزارة الشباب والرياضة وتم اجراء الاسس العلمية لهذا المقياس استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي ذو العلاقات الارتباطية لملائمته طبيعة الدراسة ، واشتمل مجتمع البحث موظفي وزارة الشباب والرياضة المتمثلة بدائرة( الطب الرياضي) في العراق والبالغ عددهم ( 110 ) وتم اختيار عينة البحث بالطريقة العشوائية اذ تبلغ عينة التطبيق ( 110 ) موظف وتم استخراج الاسس العلمية, واستنتج الباحث(لمقياس الاضطرابات السيكوسوماتية (النفسية-الجسمية للعاملين في وزارة الشباب والرياضة وتمتع موظفي بمستوى (   متوسط  ) في الأبداع الوظيفي.