bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR MATERI EKOSISTEM DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM DI MAN 1 SEMARANG
Authors: Tiarani Mayang Arundina
Published: July 2020

Bahan ajar merupakan salah satu perangkat yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar pada materi ekosistem yang didalamnya bukan hanya berisi materi saja melainkan juga syariah atau hukum Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang mengacu pada Sugiyono (2010). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar mendapat penilaian sebesar 3,56 dengan kriteria layak dari ahli setelah melalui beberapa tahapan revisi. Bahan ajar mendapatkan keterbacaan yang baik dengan respon positif siswa sebesar 92%. Bahan ajar efektif digunakan oleh siswa dilihat dari keaktifan serta nilai ketuntasan klasikal yang mencapai 78,95%. Karakter peduli lingkungan pada siswa saat dirumah mencapai 92,54% dengan kriteria membudaya dan saat di sekolah mencapai 70,39% dengan kriteria mulai berkembang. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar yang dikembangkan mendapat penilaian layak dari pakar, memiliki keterbacaan yang baik serta efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran oleh siswa kelas X MAN 1 Semarang.
Private Community Assistance in Antenatal Care at High Risk Pregnant Women in Public Health Center of Jelakombo Jombang
Authors: Rahayu Dewi Taurisiawati , Askabulaikhah Askabulaikhah
Published: July 2020

Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in 2012 was 359 per 100,000 live births. In 2015, based on 2015 SUPAS data, both MMR and IMR showed a decrease (MMR 305 / 100,000 KH; IMR 22.23 / 1000 KH). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of cadre assistance on antenatal care (ANC) visits of high-risk pregnant women in Jelakombo Jombang.This type of research is correlational with the Cross Sectional approach. Population 63 high risk pregnant women, sample 54 high risk pregnant women. The study was conducted from 03 to 17 July 2019. The independent variable was the implementation of cadre mentoring and the dependent variable was the ANC visit. The side technique used is simple random sampling. Data obtained from ANC questionnaire and MCH Book Checklist. Data analysis using the Mann Whitney test.The results of the implementation of cadre mentoring were quite good as many as 32 respondents (59.3%). ANC visits were mostly active in visiting ANC, namely 40 respondents (74.1%). Implementation of pregnant women by good cadres 32 respondents, most respondents 32 high risk mothers (93.8%) actively visited ANC. Statistical test results using the Mann-Whitney U test obtained r = 0,000 (r<0.05) so that Ho was rejected means that it was concluded there was a correlation between the Implementation of Cadre Assistance with ANC Visit of Risti Pregnant Women at Jelakombo Health Center in Jombang Regency.
Mothers’ Experience In Support Of Exclusive Breastfeeding: Scoping Review
Authors: Nurvitriana Nidya Comdeca , Triratnawati Atik , Warsiti
Published: July 2020

Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the important strategies to reduce child mortality which has been recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as the provision of nutritional intake to infants from the first time of birth until at least 6 months can without additional food and drinks. In 2016 WHO showed that the average level of breastfeeding worldwide was only 38% which occurred in urban areas. In the city area it was found that many breastfeeding mothers worked and obstacles and support arose. Working mothers have low trust and intention so as to increase the frequency of failure to give exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to review support for exclusive breastfeeding. The systematic literature review covers eight stages, namely: Identifying middle frequency problems, Determining priority problems and research questions, Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria, literature search, Selecting articles, data extraction, Critical Assessment, Data collection and Mapping. Data searched from Pubmed and Onesearch. The researchers, then, examined the feasibility of finding documents. Finally, researchers found 9 documents that research criteria. Information on exclusive breastfeeding support was found from 5 journals, namely internal factors (self, family), while external factors (health workers, work environment) were found from 5 journals from 9 journals. The highest influence of support was a work environment characterized by a lack of support from facilities, coworkers, workloads of institutions that influenced the mothers' own intentions. The mother's experience of getting support from exclusive breastfeeding includes internal (self, family) and external (health worker, work environment).
Systematic Literature Review: Experience Of Pregnant And Post Partum’s Mother Who Have Baby With Birth Defects
Authors: Mahmudah Aji Pamungkas Atik , Triratnawati Atik , Utami Fitria Siswi , Suryantoro Purnomo
Published: July 2020

According to Ministry of Health in 2019infant deaths due to birth defects have increased by 1.4% in newborns with birth defects. Mothers who do not know from the beginning of birth defects experienced by the fetus in their womb can increase the occurrence of postpartum mental health disorders. This occurs because of the unpreparedness of the mother in accepting infants who experience congenital abnormalities.The study aims to review experience of pregnant and post partum’s mother who have babies with congenital abnormalities. The data were searched from Proquest and PubMed. Finally, the researcher found 11 documents that were in accordance with the study criteria. The results was foundthat early prevention of birth defects is needed such as consuming adequate micronutrients, such as folic acid and iodine obtained through additional products or vitamins before and during pregnancy. Early detection are possible to determine the abnormalities in the fetus. Supporting examinations that can be done by mothers such as blood tests, pregnancy ultrasound, and examination of amniotic fluid samples in pregnant women, because the review results state that the incidence of stress of pregnant women who know the diagnosis of birth defects after giving birth is higher than mothers who know the diagnosis during pregnancy.. Conclusion of the study experience of pregnant and post partum’s mother who have babies with congenital abnormalities included that screening and special psychological assistance is needed for pregnant and post partum women with congenital abnormalities’s baby.
A Holistic-Comprehensive Approach: Best Practices to Improve Health Policy for COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Setyawan Febri Endra Budi , Lestari Retno
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic affects entire communities and causes a huge impact on all life aspects which include biological, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being. Health systems and health policies are promising developments and opportunities to review progress and accelerate interventions in COVID-19 control. Studies devoted to core holistic-comprehensive issues surrounding this pandemic are limited. Therefore, this article aimed to review several best practice studies that reflect holistic-comprehensive approaches to COVID-19. A comprehensive literature review was written based on 15 articles from the  data sources which are Google Scholar, Science Direct, ProQuest Health, and Medical Complete, and ProQuest Science Journals from 2010 to 2020, searched terms related to holistic, comprehensive, outbreak, pandemic, epidemics, and COVID-19. There are many evidence-based practices on safe and effective strategies to improve all aspects of well-being before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Among these promising strategies, a holistic-comprehensive approach could also be considered as a necessary action to improve health policy during the pandemic. A holistic-comprehensive approach involved providing bio-psycho-socio-spiritual care and offered a continuum of healthcare that provides promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services. A holistic-comprehensive approach to the COVID-19 pandemic requires a sustained commitment from entire communities, stakeholders, and policymakers to achieve better health outcomes for all.
The Use of Masks during the Pandemic Period in Indonesian People
Authors: Yudhastuti Ririh
Published: July 2020

The use of masks protects individuals from the spread of COVID-19 and control the source of transmission through droplets, but with limited medical masks, a cloth face mask can be used as an alternative personal protection from COVID-19. This study aims to describe the use of cloth face mask as an alternative personal protection during the pandemic. WHO recommends the use of non-medical masks both at home and in public places. The use of face masks is a WHO’s recommendation on April 6, 2020. Medical masks are categorized as medical waste, then the disposal must be appropriate to prevent COVID-19 transmission in community. Cloth face mask can be used repeatedly and washed, its use can be adjusted to face. However, using a face mask alone is not enough to provide an adequate protection level. Other steps must be taken, such as washing hands with hand soap in running water, keeping a physical distance of minimum one meter from people, especially from those showing respiratory tract symptoms (coughing, sneezing), cleaning items touched by hands of people such as door handles and handles stairs. Therefore, the use of cloth face mask must be carried out together with clean and healthy living behaviors.
Pre-testing of the WHO’s Educational Video: “How to Protect Yourself Against COVID-19”
Authors: Fadliyah Hilyatul , Muhtar Manendra , Munih Munih , Risgiantini Sylviasari , Wulandary Weny , Pratomo Hadi
Published: July 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a public health emergency in many countries, including Indonesia. The World Health Organization (WHO) released an educational video, entitled "How to Protect Yourself Against COVID-19", which explained how to prevent the spread of COVID-19. This study is a qualitative study that aims to pre-test this video, based on the Information, Education, Communication (IEC) theory, by analyzing teenagers’ perceptions of the video. The design used was a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP), and the data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with participants, through virtual meetings. The data were analyzed using a qualitative data matrix and thematic analysis. The results showed that all participants found the video regarding the prevention of COVID-19 spread to be attractive and comprehensible. In addition, the participants felt that the contents of the video were not contradictory to their personal values and that the message was targeted to everyone, including themselves. The video was also perceived to be persuasive. Overall, the participants held a generally positive perception of the video.
Analysis of Epidemiological Surveillance Activity of the COVID-19 at Airport (Case Study at Juanda International Airport, Surabaya by Port Health Office Class I on January 2020)
Authors: Nastiti Rizma Dwi , Artanti Kurnia Dwi , Faqih Achmad Faridy
Published: July 2020

The Surabaya Port Health Office (PHO) Class I is tasked with the disease prevention by detection, response and protection at entrance gates for the sea- and airports and over the state cross-border posts regarding Public Health Emergency of International Concern situation of COVID-19. This analysis aims to assess activities of early warning alert and response system to COVID-19 at Juanda International Airport on January 2020 and provides recommendations to enhance the system in the future. The method used includes interviewing four informants, studying of documents and directing field-observation by following regular activities of PHO representatives, who supervise, inspect General Declarations, distribute, and collect the Health Alert Card (HAC) and monitor body temperature of travelers. The analysis uses a system approach (input, process, output) and a 4M model with modification by adding time, technology and information variables. Activities in the early warning alert and response system of COVID-19 are in accordance with the Preparedness Guidelines by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The outputs of reported activities have been classified as appropriate. The HAC form is lacking as a source of COVID-19 surveillance with regards to address information, which often being misinterpreted by travelers. It is necessary to add additional questions regarding the destination address of travelers in Indonesia, and to educate on how to fill in a HAC correctly through a completed example form; communication and direction from Surabaya PHO Class I operatives are also necessary so that the effectiveness of HAC can be maximized.
Review of Trial Therapy and Treatment for COVID-19: Lessons for Indonesia
Authors: Mukhlida Halma Zahro , Maulida Hilma Hasro , Khairunnisa Gunanti , Mantrono Margaretha Josephine , Hartono Risky Kusuma , Rindu Rindu , Purnamasari Eka Rokhmiati Wahyu , Meirawan Rizky Fajar
Published: July 2020

The infectious disease from  corona virus, or COVID-19, has quickly spread world-wide since 2019. Therapies for managing COVID-19 have yet to be confirmed as medication for the severe sickness that the disease may cause. This study uses PRISMA guidelines as a method for conducting a systematic literature review. We selected relevant studies published from January 2020 to March 2020 by searching Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The research focuses on the treatment of and therapies for COVID-19 only to the patients in the hospital. The inclution 8 articles  were screened by using a PRISMA flow after reading 28 abstract  and 28 from whole articles. Sixty-seven articles were collected from several online journal databases, and various therapies were found that are effective in the treatment and management of COVID-19. Clinical improvements and Recovery rate have been achieved in a short time compared to standard care only. The findings of the study show that several therapies are effective in managing the severe illness that can be caused by COVID-19. Nevertheless, research into effective therapies for COVID-19 must be continued to find the best therapy and treatment.
Analysis of Government Budgeting for Health: Case Study of COVID-19 in East Java Province 2020
Authors: Rokhmah Dewi , Ridzkyanto Ricko Pratama , Khoiron Khoiron
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 in Indonesia was first reported on March 2, 2020 with two cases, and the number has increased each day until April 23, 2020 and reached 7,775 positive cases of COVID-19. East Java Province ranks the third in Indonesia with 662 cases. COVID-19 requires a health financing system aimed for COVID-19 patients and hospital services. The study aimed to describe the amount of COVID-19 and the use of funds for COVID-19 in East Java Province. This study applied descriptive analytic method. Secondary data analysis used the COVID-19 fund data of 31 districts/cities in East Java Province from the Regional Development Agency of East Java Province in period of March 23 - April 23, 2020. The results showed that the total budget for COVID-19 in the province was worth IDR2,102,600,000,000 divided for Curative IDR727,654,880,535, Promotive Preventive IDR97,134,092,873, Social Safety Net IDR877,301,513,766 and Recovery IDR400,50,512,826. The total fund for COVID-19 per capita in the province was IDR1,997,139 divided for Curative IDR691,158, Promotive Preventive IDR92,262, Social Safety Net IDR 833,299 and Recovery IDR 380,421. According to districts/cities, the highest budgeting is Jember District, Surabaya City, and Gresik District. The highest per-capita funds, according to districts/cities, are Batu City, Jember District, and Trenggalek District.
From Social Distance to Physical Distance: A Challenge for Evaluating Public Health Interventions Against COVID-19
Authors: Pratomo Hadi
Published: July 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected every country. Currently, no suitable vaccine or treatment has been identified; therefore, each country has attempted to issue appropriate policies, designed to reduce and prevent increases in the numbers of extreme cases. Transmission can be prevented by implementing social restrictions, also known as social distancing. The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued several methods for the prevention of transmission, including social distancing, washing hands with soap (or using hand sanitizer containing at least70% alcohol), and using masks. Over time, the term social distance has changed to physical distance. Evaluating the impacts of different types of non-pharmacological interventions has been challenging.
Prólogo Monográfico Cultura ludonarrativa: puntos de encuentro entre los medios tradicionales y los videojuegos
Authors:   Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Hernández Pérez Juan Francisco , Albaladejo Ortega Sergio ,   Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
Published: July 2020

Desde su nacimiento, y a lo largo de sus cerca de setenta años de existencia, el videojuego ha evolucionado de manera exponencial e imparable, pasando de ser una especie de versión computerizada y rudimentaria de juegos tradicionales, solo accesibles a través de máquinas de gran envergadura, a adoptar innumerables formas lúdicas que explotan sobremanera los últimos avances tecnológicos y acogen estrategias narrativas propias de la ficción cinematográfica en dispositivos de tamaño reducido que pueden llevarse incluso en el bolsillo.
Front-matter
Authors: Siregar Tongku Nizwan
Published: July 2020

Cover Vol. 13 No. 1, March 2019
Back-matter
Authors: Siregar Tongku Nizwan
Published: July 2020

Back cover Vol. 13 No. 1, March 2019
Front-matter
Authors: Siregar Tongku Nizwan
Published: July 2020

front cover
Circulating miR-660-5p is associated with the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: zhang jian-wei , Hu Cheng-ping , Zhao Ying-xin , He Ling-jie
Published: July 2020

Background: The no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) is an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This study aims to investigate the association of circulating miR-660-5p with NRP in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing PPCI.Methods: Consecutive patients diagnosed with anterior STEMI within 12 h of pain onset were included in the study; in these patients, coronary angiography confirmed that the infarct-related artery was the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Angiographic NRP was defined as a final TIMI flow of 2 or a final TIMI flow of 3 with a myocardial blush grade (MBG) < 2. High miR-660-5p was defined as a value in the third tertile. The relationship of circulating miR-660-5p with NRP was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: Fifty-two eligible patients were finally included in this study (mean age: 56±12.4 years, >65 years: 53.8%, male: 76.9%, and mean BMI: 26.3±3.5). The incidence of NRP was 38.5%. Circulating miR-660-5p was significantly related to the mean platelet volume (MPV). Patients were divided into tertiles by miR-660-5p levels (Q1: ≤ 7.18, Q2: 7.18-11.31, Q3: > 11.31). Patients in the high microRNA-660-5p group had almost a 6-fold higher risk of NRP than those in the low microRNA-660-5p group [(odds ratio (OR)=5.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40-23.07, p=0.015). When analysed by tertiles, consistent trends of an increasing relative odds of NRP were reported (OR1 for Q2 VS. Q1: 1.25, 95% CI: 0.27-5.73, p=0.77; OR2 for Q3 VS. Q1: 5.96, 95% CI: 1.33-26.66, p=0.02), even after multivariable adjustment. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the microRNA-660-5p level of 10.17 was the best cut-off level to predict the incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.768 (95% CI: 0.636-0.890).Conclusion: Circulating miR-660-5p was significantly associated with NRP, and it may be a useful biomarker to predict the incidence of NRP in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI.
Auricular acupressure for hot flashes in patients with prostate cancer: protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Jianfu , Lin Rongwu , Liu Xuehua , Lv Liguo , Wang Shusheng , Chen Zhiqiang , Wang Zhichao , Xiang Songtao
Published: July 2020

BackgroundHot flashes, characterized by intense heat sensation and diaphoresis, are common side effects resulted from hormonotherapy in patients with prostate cancer. Cumulated studies have revealed beneficial role of acupuncture as complementary and alternative recipe for the management of hot flashes. However, little is known about the auricular acupressure (AA), a micro-acupuncture technique whose therapeutic purpose is similar with conventional acupuncture. Therefore, this current study aims to explore the effects and determine the feasibility of AA for hot flashes in patients with prostate cancer.Methods/DesignThis proposed pilot study is a two-arm parallel, single-blinded, randomized sham-controlled trial. A total of 72 participants of prostate cancer suffered with hot flashes will be recruited and randomly allocated into two groups in a 1:1 ratio. Equal randomization is conducted using a computer-generated random allocation sequence. Sheng Zhi Qi (TF2), Nei Fen Mi (CO18), Shen Men (TF4), Shen (CO10) and Pi Zhi Xia (AT4) are selected as experimental acupressure points, and five helix points (HX 8-12) are used as sham control acupressure points. Participants in the experimental group and control group will receive AA and sham-AA treatment, respectively. The duration of the treatment is 6 weeks with two sessions per week, and the follow-up period is 12 weeks. The primary outcome is Hot Flash Score (HFS). The secondary outcomes include Quality of Life (QoL), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS). All outcomes measurement will be conducted before and through treatment period as well as follow-up period. Safety assessment will be carried out through treatment and follow-up period.DiscussionThis pilot study will for the first time advance our knowledge on feasibility of AA in alleviating hot flashes in patients of prostate cancer and provide preliminary evidence for a further full-scale trial.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900026694. Registered on 19 October 2019.
Risk factors and pregnancy outcomes of heterotopic pregnancy secondary to in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: A case series study
Authors: Zhu Shaomi , Zhang Qinxiu , Song Linjiang
Published: July 2020

Background: The early diagnosis and treatment of heterotopic pregnancy (HP) remain one of the biggest challenges in the field of gynecology. A coexisting intrauterine gestation makes the ectopic pregnancy in HP more difficult to diagnose. This case series analysis is designed to explore factors affecting the incidence of HP secondary to in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and that affecting pregnancy outcomes after surgical treatment of HP.Methods: From the IVF registry system, the clinical data of 29 patients with HP and 92 with an intrauterine-only pregnancy (IUP) following embryo transfer from January 2009 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Results HP had a higher proportion of previous ectopic pregnancies, multiple abortion history ( ≧ 2 times) and tubal indication for IVF than IUP. In patients with HP, 31.03% had spontaneous abortion, 25.00% had preterm delivery and 58.62% resulted in a live birth. According to the results from logistic regression, history of multiple abortions (odds ratio (OR) 3.031, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.087-8.453; P=0.034), tubal infertility (OR 3.844, 95% CI 1.268-11.656; P=0.017), previous ectopic pregnancies (OR 2.303, 95% CI 0.625-8.490; P=0.021) and multiple embryo transfer ( OR 0.300, 95% CI 0.092-0.983; P=0.037) resulted in an elevated proportion of HP in IVF cycles. Incidence of HP was comparable between patients transferred with blastocyst and cleavage embryos. Shorter operative duration, smaller size of the ectopic mass and location in the ampulla of the fallopian tube were associated with higher chance of survival in the coexistent intrauterine pregnancy after surgical treatment with HP.Conclusions:The early diagnosis of HP remains a challenge. Previous history of ectopic pregnancy, multiple abortions, tubal infertility and multiple embryo transfer may be considered as meaningful risk factors of subsequent HP following IVF-ET. In patients with HP treated by surgery, shorter operative duration, smaller size of the ectopic mass and location in the ampulla of the fallopian tube means better reproductive prognosis.
The Relationship Between Moral Courage and the Perception of Ethical Climate in Nurses
Authors: Hakimi Hamideh , Mousazadeh Noushin , Nia Hamid Sharif , Nazari Roghieh , Dehghani Maryam
Published: July 2020

Background: Moral courage, as a strategy to reinforce ethics and doing courageous deeds, is essential in providing nursing cares. Proper management of ethical challenges, professional commitment to patients, and ethical performance require moral courage. In addition, this concept is affected by personal and professional traits and organizational cultural. Ethical climate is a part of organization character, represents ethics in the organization. Ethical climate helps individuals to assess the problems and also acts as a guide for making decision about acceptable and unacceptable behaviors. The present study is an attempt to examine some of the predicting variables of moral courage in nurses. Methods: The study was carried out as predictive study in 2019. The subjects were 267 nurses working in hospitals who were selected through simple random sampling. Data gathering tool included a demographics form, Sekerka’s job satisfaction standardized questionnaire, and Elson’s ethical climate standardized questionnaire. Results: The mean scores of moral courage and ethical climate in nurses were 87.07±15.52 and 96.12±17.17 respectively. The findings showed that 16% of moral courage score in nurses was attributed to ethical climate and overtime work hours per month. Conclusions: Although, ethical climate and overtime work hours were the main factors in moral courage, not a notable percentage of the variance of moral courage was attributed to them. Therefore, there is a need to determine other factors in moral courage.
Characterization of Crude Cellulases From a Bacillus Sp. Isolated From Lake Bogoria, Kenya
Authors: Ogonda Lydia Awuor , Muge Edward Kirwa , Wamalwa Benson Munyali , Mulaa Francis Jackim , Tellier Charles
Published: July 2020

Background The demand for a carbohydrate driven economy coupled with the abundant cellulosic biomass has driven the search for cellulases that can be applied for the utilization of the cellulosic biomass.Context of the study Of special focus for our study is cotton, which is the preferred textile fiber given its favorable high quality. In addition, sugar, which is an important feedstock for several chemical industries, can be readily produced from cellulosic biomass. Purpose of the studyWe therefore sought to characterize cellulases from favorable ecosystems in order to gauge the validity of their inclusion in cellulosic biomass industrial utilization. ConclusionWe have shown the production of saccharides from cellulosic biomass (cotton and filter paper). Further, we established the stability of the cellulases in 40% (v/v) organic solvents; propanol, methanol, ethanol. In addition, the enzymes showed tolerance to the accumulation of sugars. Moreover, the cellulase enzymes were most stable at pH 6 and demonstrated a wide activity temperature range of 20°-80°C. Optimal cellulase activity was recorded at 60°C confirming the thermophilic nature of the enzymes. Brief SummaryThis validates and shows the potential of these enzymes in co-expression bio-factories and applications requiring high sugar yields Potential ImplicationsThis work adds to the study on the activity of the pure extracted cellulases from this microorganism under review at the journal of applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. These findings substantiate the potential inclusion of either this microorganism or its isolated/extracted enzymes in the industrial processing of cellulosic biomass including but not limited to cotton and paper.
Synthesis, Characterization and Anionic Dye Sequestration Capacity of Cellulose Nanocrystals Derived From Sugarcane Bagasse: Experimental and Regression Modelling
Authors: Azeez Luqmon , Adejumo Ayoade L. , Oyedeji Abdulrasaq O. , Busari Hassan K.
Published: July 2020

This study reported the extraction of cellulose nanocrystals from sugarcane bagasse using acid hydrolysis method. Nanocrystals were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy and investigated for their adsorptive capacity for methyl orange (MO) sequestration. The disappearance of peaks at 1736 and 1429 cm-1 in addition to higher carbon content, greater crystallinity index from 1.09 to 1.21, predominantly nano range of particles (0.045 – 0.082 µm) and larger porosity are parameters that better-defined cellulose nanocrystals. A 2-fold improvement in monolayer adsorption capacity was obtained for cellulose nanocrystals (432.17mgg-1) described by Langmuir isotherm over bagasse (170.99 mgg-1) described by Freundlich isotherm. Adsorption processes on both adsorbents were spontaneous, exothermic and best fitted to pseudo second order kinetics ensuing chemisorption. Polynomial regression model appropriately predicted equations that best describe the effects of different batch adsorption parameters on MO removal with better fittingness than experimentally generated data.
Methylation Degrees of NIS and TIMP-3 Promoters in Well-Differentiated Thyroid Tumors
Authors: Arab Noman , Zarkesh Maryam , Nozhat Zahra , Sheikholeslami Sara , Salehi Marziyeh , Fanaei Seyed Ahmad , Hedayati Mehdi
Published: July 2020

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the DNA methylation pattern in CpG islands of NIS and TIMP-3 promoters in thyroid cancers and the matched non-tumoral tissues as well as multinodular goiter (MNG) tissues. This cross-sectional study was performed on total 64 patients including 28 papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), 9 follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and 27 MNG cases. Method: The bisulfite sequencing PCR technique was used to evaluate the promoter methylation pattern of the NIS and TIMP-3 genes.
Results

NIS mRNA levels were decreased in both of PTC and FTC tumoral tissues compared to their adjacent normal tissues (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). TIMP-3 expression was also reduced in both PTC and FTC tumoral tissues compared to the adjacent non-tumoral tissues (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). Moreover, a significant reduction in TIMP-3 expression was observed in FTC tissues compared to the MNG samples (P = 0.05). The methylation on NIS promoter was not a common event in PTC samples, but it was frequent in FTC (P < 0.05). A significant hyper-methylation was shown in TIMP-3 promoter in both PTC and FTC tissues compared to the non-tumoral and MNG samples (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Aberrant promoter DNA methylation suggests potential utility to differentiate benign and malignant PTC and FTC tissues for early diagnosis, and contribution for personalized clinical management and surveillance. According to the reversibility of DNA methylation, these events may be potential targets for demethylating treatments.
Minocycline Alleviate A Rat Model Of Gulf War Illness Via Altering Gut Microbiome, Attenuating Neuroinflammation And Enhancing Hippocampal Neurogenesis
Authors: Liu Liang , Wang Er-Qiang , Du Cheng , Chen Hui-Sheng , Lv Yan
Published: July 2020

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that deficits in neurogenesis, chronic inflammation and gut microbiome dysregulation contribute to the pathophysiology of Gulf War Illness (GWI). Minocycline has been demonstrated to be a potent neuroprotective agent and could regulate neuroinflammation. The present study intended to investigate whether treatment of minocycline maintain better cognition and mood function in a rat model of GWI and the potential mechanism. Methods: Rats received 28 days of GWI-related chemical exposure and restraint stress, along with daily minocycline or vehicle treatment. Cognitive and mood function, neuroinflammation, neurogenesis and gut microbiota were detected.Results: We found that minocycline treatment induced better cognitive and mood function in a GWI rat model, as indicated by open-field test, elevated plus maze test, novel object recognition test and forced swim test. Moreover, minocycline treatment reversed the altered gut microbiome, neuroinflammation and the decreased hippocampal neurogenesis of rats with GWI. Conclusion: Taken together, our study indicated that minocycline treatment exerts better cognitive and mood function in GWI rat model, which is possible related to gut microbiota remodeling, restrained inflammation and enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis. These results may establish minocycline a potential prophylactic or therapeutic agent for the treatment of GWI.
'Dissonant' Heritage of Cold War Modernism or European Heritage of Modernist Architecture of the second half the 20th century in conservation perspective: residential houses of Katowice, Poland - a case study
Authors: Żmudzińska-Nowak Magdalena , Krause Magdalena , Bródka Jakub
Published: July 2020

The architectural heritage of the second half of the 20th century in countries of the former Eastern Bloc, including Poland, that inherently accompanied by the cold war spectre of the Iron Curtain was until recently treated as a „dissonant" heritage of Communism. The increasing time distance allows an objective look at this architecture of so-called Cold War Modernism in the European or even global perspective, and to reject of the political connotations allowed its value to be identified. Interest in sites built during that period is on the rise and the discussion of the need to undertake actions protecting such sites against demolition is very timely. The process of conservatory protection of this architectural heritage is very difficult and complex, particularly if it concerns individual residential houses of those times. Currently, such sites, remaining in the hands of private owners, undergo uncontrollable transformations and often incorrect upgrades, leading to their irreversible deformation and to a loss of their architectural and stylistic values. No studies, directives or systemic solutions dedicated to their protection are available in our country. The objective of the presented project was to create a model of research procedure and a package of conservation guidelines and project recommendations for selected example of a building from this group of sites located in Katowice, Silesia. The area selected for the study is rich with examples of such architecture, as confirmed by the subject literature and local visits. In order to analyse the problem, the Authors have assumed a view based on quality studies, preceded by a source analysis, as well as by a survey. They performed a full range of conservatory studies of the site (archive, architectural and conservatory, structural and physical studies using advanced, non-invasive techniques). The obtained results may be used as the basis for creation of a model conservatory procedure related to the studied individual residential houses and for determination of rules for their upgrades and adaptation to modern standards.
Thermal effect on energetic physiology in the ark shell Scapharca subcrenata
Authors: Kang Hee Yoon , Seong Jaeeun , Lee Young-Jae , Kim Changseong , Lee Won Chan , Chang-Keun Kang
Published: July 2020

Background: Clams inhabiting temperate coastal zones are affected not only by seasonal thermal variation, but also by changes in the prevailing thermal regime of their habitats. Understanding the physiological processes required for adjusting the energy balance of the ark shell Scapharca subcrenata to varying thermal conditions is pivotal for predicting its growth and further phenology, and ultimately promoting successful aquaculture activity. Thermal effects on the physiological processes and the combined energetic physiology at the organism level of S. subcrenata were assessed over a temperature range corresponding to field conditions (3–28 °C). Results: Physiological rates of S. subcrenata were well correlated with its dry tissue weight, formalizing allometric relationships. Extremely low weight exponent values for filtration rate and metabolic rate were detected at lower (3–8 °C) compared to higher (8–28 °C) temperatures. In addition to marked reductions at 3 °C, weight exponents were identical and intercept estimates increased progressively with rising temperature over the temperature range (8–28 °C). Identical weight exponents and increasing intercept estimates for both feces production and excretion rates across the experimental temperatures indicated that energy losses by egestion and excretion increased gradually with rising temperature. Scope for growth and net growth efficiency showed relatively constant and positive values at 8–23 °C, suggesting an optimal temperature range for production, but dropped drastically to negative values at 3 and 28 °C, indicating thermal (both cold and heat) stress. The Q10 values revealed that the metabolic and filtration rates are more sensitive at 23–28 and 3–8 °C, respectively. Conclusions: Allometric size-scaling of physiological rates in S. subcrenata highlights species-specific responses to changes in temperature. The observed weight exponents and intercept estimates for filtration and metabolic rates reveal the variation of the thermal effects according to size as well as an incapability of acclimation to varying temperatures. Reversed thermal sensitivities in both components confirm that energy acquisition by feeding does not offset the metabolic energy cost outside the optimal thermal range. Our empirical analysis allowed further understanding of the seasonal energy dynamism and biological cycle of S. subcrenata in temperate habitats subject to highly variable thermal regimes.
Prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti infection in human and vector populations from Center-East, East and South-West regions of Burkina Faso: preliminary results
Authors: Coulibaly Sanata , Hien Aristide Sawdetouo , Bamogo Rabila , Some Fabrice A. , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Sangaré Ibrahim , Ouedraogo Georges Anicet , Fournet Florence , Bougouma Clarisse , Bougma Roland Windaré , Koudou Benjamin B. , Dabire Roch Kounbobr
Published: July 2020

Background

To eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF), since 2001, Burkina Faso adopted a community-based treatment with annual mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin-abendazole. However, after more than 11 rounds of MDA, it remained some hotpots where transmission is still being active. Therefore, to better scale up elimination measures toward 2030, it seems necessary to assess the prevalence of Wuchereria bancrofti both in human and vector populations.
Methods

Parasitological and entomological surveys were conducted in August 2014 and in September 2015, in six hotpots areas dispersed in Centre-East, East and South-West health regions for blood and vector’s collections. Nocturnal finger-prick blood samples and microscopic observations were performed to determine the prevalence of W. bancrofti in humans. Mosquitoes were collected by human landing catches and indoor spraying collections. They were identified morphologically and those of the Anopheles gambiae s.l. were confirmed by PCR. Then the W. bancrcofti prevalence within such vector populations was determined by conventional and LAMP PCR technique using the DNA of pooled mosquitoes grouped by species.
Results

The results highlighted the persistence of W. bancrofti infection both in human and vector populations after multiple rounds of MDA in the sites. The prevalence of W. bancrofti in human populations was reduced in 2015 compared to 2014. Within the An. gambiae s.l., only An. coluzzii was found infected by W. bancrofti respectively in Centre-East and East health regions, whereas An. nili was the most infected vector in Saptan in the South-West health region. Some specimens of An. funestus s.l. were tested positive to W. bancrofti with the LAMP PCR but failed to be confirmed by the conventional technique.
Conclusions

Despite the MDA campaigns supplied by vector control interventions relied on the mass coverage of insecticide treated nets, the incidence of LF is still effective in these hotspots but luckily in decreasing trend. The novelty is that An. nili was found infected by W. bancrofti that increased the number of potential vectors of W. bancfrofti in Burkina Faso.
A cross-sectional study of opioid involvement in non-poisoning suicide – risks and prevention opportunities
Authors: Mason Maryann , McLone Suzanne , Bartell Tami , Welch Sarah , Sheehan Karen , Post Lori
Published: July 2020

Background

The current opioid epidemic has drawn attention to drug overdose deaths including unintentional and suicide poisoning deaths which peaked in the United States in 2017. Concurrent with the opioid epidemic, the number and rate of suicides in the United States has increased. At the same time, the proportion of suicide deaths across cause of death has shifted and the proportion of suicides by poisoning (including overdose) has decreased. On the face of it, it would appear that the opioid epidemic has not intersected with suicide as signaled by the decline in suicide deaths due to poisoning. However, opioid use and misuse is associated with suicidal ideation and attempts and therefore it is plausible that opioids may play a role in suicide deaths by causes other than poisoning.
Objective

This study examines opioid involvement (as measured by the presence of opioids but below the lethality threshold) in suicides by causes other than poisoning,
Methods

A cross-sectional study utilizing Illinois National Violent Death Reporting System data including all suicides toxicology screened for opioids. Chi-square tests were used to compare decedent and incident circumstance characteristics by opioid toxicology screen status.
Results

Of 1007 non-poisoning suicides screened for opioids, 83.6% (842) were opioid negative and 16.4% (165) were opioid positive. Over half (52.7%) of decedents positive for opioids died by firearm. White race, age 75 and over, and widowed or unknown marital status were associated with opioid positivity. Opioid positivity is linked to testing positive for other substances. One quarter of decedents testing positive for opioids had a history of substance abuse. Twenty eight percent of opioid positive decedents suffered from physical health problems.
Conclusion

Suicide decedents who are opioid positive and who die from causes other than poisoning have distinct characteristics which suggest an array of suicide prevention efforts – for example -- including information on risk of suicide for opiate users in firearm sales, including suicide prevention counseling in health care settings in which opiates and/or benzodiazepines are therapeutically prescribed, and close monitoring of pain symptoms among patients experiencing chronic pain. ​
WITHDRAWN: Development of the “COVID-19 Psychological Destruction Scale”: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Akan Yunus
Published: July 2020

This research is a scale development study to determine the level of destruction that COVID-19 has created on the psychology of individuals in the 18-50 age group. Data were collected by convenience sampling method, which allowed us to reach total 1604 participants, aged between 18 and 50 years, from 7 regions in Turkey. At the end of exploratory factor analysis performed on a 60-item pilot form, a two-factor structure was obtained explaining 61.74% of the total variance. The “Collapse” dimension has 14 items and the “Fear” dimension has 4 items. Load values of the items in the “Collapse” dimension are between 0.700 - 0.855 and the load values of items in the "Fear" dimension are between 0.736 - 0.797. While the reliability analysis showed a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.951 for the whole scale, the Cronbach's Alpha values for the dimensions were 0.937 and 0.791, respectively. A survey was implemented with 597 new participants for convergent and discriminant validity, and the Pearson Moments Product Correlation coefficient between the developed “COVID-19 Psychological Destruction Scale” and “Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)” was found to be 0.748. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the new data set with 597 participants and the goodness of fit index values obtained showed that the model perfectly fit. The result of the research reveals that the “COVID-19 Psychological Destruction Scale” is a valid and reliable scale that can be applied to individuals aged 18-50.
Whole Body Positron Emission Tomography Attenuation Correction Map Synthesizing using 3D Deep Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Colmeiro Ramiro Rodriguez , Verrastro Claudio , Minsky Daniel , Grosges Thomas
Published: July 2020

Background: The correction of attenuation effects in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging is fundamental to obtain a correct radiotracer distribution. However direct measurement of this attenuation map is not error-free and normally results in additional ionization radiation dose to the patient. Here, we propose to obtain the whole body attenuation map using a 3D U-Net generative adversarial network. The network is trained to learn the mapping from non attenuation corrected 18-F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET images to a synthetic Computerized Tomography (sCT) and also to label the input voxel tissue. The sCT image is further refined using an adversarial training scheme to recover higher frequency details and lost structures using context information. This work is trained and tested on public available datasets, containing several PET images from different scanners with different radiotracer administration and reconstruction modalities. The network is trained with 108 samples and validated on 10 samples.Results: The sCT generation was tested on 133 samples from 8 distinct datasets. The resulting mean absolute error of the network is 103 ± 18 HU and a peak signal to noise ratio of 18.6 ± 1.5 dB. The generated images show good correlation with the unknown structural information.Conclusions: The proposed deep learning topology is capable of generating whole body attenuation maps from uncorrected PET image data. Moreover, the method accuracy holds in the presence of data form multiple sources and modalities and is trained on publicly available datasets.