bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric processes as a versatile tool to harness quantum light
Authors: Baboux Florent , Carusotto Iacopo
Published: May 2024

The parametric generation of quantum states of light holds a central position across various fields of quantum technologies. Starting from the seminal experiments in the 1970’s, we retrace the history of this powerful approach for creating and tailoring entangled photon pairs or squeezed states of light from the interaction of strong laser fields with optically nonlinear media. From its inception to its latest applications, this technique not only continues to play a pivotal role in the burgeoning fields of quantum computation, communication, and metrology, but shares also fundamental links with general concepts of quantum field theories in curved space-times.
A New Synthesis of UK-2A Acid Facilitated by a Triple Chloro-Pummerer Activation
Authors: Beaudegnies Renaud , Fröscher Alicia , Lamberth Clemens
Published: May 2024

A new method for the preparation of 3-hydroxy-4-methoxypicolinic acid, the acid moiety of the fungicidally active natural product UK-2A is reported. In contrast to the two previously reported routes to UK-2A acid, which start from 3-hydroxypyridine and furfural, this novel synthesis applies maltol as inexpensive starting material and proceeds via a unique modification of the Pummerer reaction.
Association between Group B Streptococcus and Clinical Chorioamnionitis by Gestational Week at Delivery—A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: McCoy Jennifer A. , Peled Tzuria , Weiss Ari , Levine Lisa D. , Grisaru-Granovsky Sorina , Rottenstreich Misgav
Published: May 2024

Objective In the era of group B Streptococcus (GBS) screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP), GBS colonization has been associated with a lower risk of chorioamnionitis, possibly due to a protective effect of IAP. We sought to confirm this finding and assess whether this association varies by gestational week at delivery.

Study Design We performed a retrospective cohort study of term (37.0–42.6 weeks), singleton parturients with known GBS status who delivered from 2005 to 2021 at two academic medical centers in Israel. We excluded patients who underwent planned cesarean, out of hospital birth, or had a fetal demise. Patients received GBS screening and IAP for GBS positivity as routine clinical care. The primary outcome was a diagnosis of clinical chorioamnionitis as determined by the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code, compared between GBS-positive and -negative groups, and assessed by gestational week at delivery.

Results Of 292,126 deliveries, 155,255 met inclusion criteria. In total, 30.1% were GBS positive and 69.9% were negative. GBS-positive patients were 21% less likely to be diagnosed with clinical chorioamnionitis than GBS-negative patients, even after controlling for confounders (1.5 vs. 2.2%, adjusted odds ratio: 0.79, 95% confidence interval: 0.68–0.92). When assessed by gestational week at delivery, there was a significantly greater difference in rates of clinical chorioamnionitis between GBS-positive versus GBS-negative groups with advancing gestational age: 1.5-fold difference at 38 to 40 weeks, but a twofold difference at 42 weeks. The risk of clinical chorioamnionitis remained stable in the GBS-positive group, but increased significantly in the GBS-negative group at 41- and 42-week gestation (2.0 vs. 2.9%, p < 0.01 at 41 weeks; up to 3.9% at 42 weeks, p < 0.01).

Conclusion In a large multicenter cohort with universal GBS screening and IAP, GBS positivity was associated with a lower risk of chorioamnionitis, driven by an increasing rate of chorioamnionitis among GBS-negative patients after 40 weeks.

Key Points
Impact of Semantic Cueing of Verb and Its Thematic Role on Discourse Skills of Persons with Aphasia
Authors: Puttanna Deepak , Puri Goswami Sathyapal , Swamy Akshaya
Published: May 2024

Introduction Understanding the relationship between word retrieval treatment and discourse skills is deemed pivotal, as it gives the individuals a more naturalistic linguistic performance.

Objective The aim of this study was to unravel the impact of word retrieval treatment on discourse skills.

Method and Materials Semantic cueing of verbs and its thematic role (SCVTr) treatment were rendered to 11 persons with aphasia (PWAs). Subsequent to therapy, discourse skills were evaluated in the pretreatment, midtreatment, posttreatment, and follow-up phases using both qualitative (discourse analysis scale) and quantitative (T-unit analysis) measures. The follow-up phase in the study began after 1 month of cessation of treatment.

Results The outcome of the study evinced statistical differences in the discourse skills in both qualitative and quantitative measures of discourse between pre-, mid-, and posttreatment phases. However, no statistical difference was found between the posttreatment and follow-up phases across qualitative and quantitative measures. This signifies there are no differences in discourse skills after the cessation of treatment.

Conclusion The study findings seemed to be novel, as the study explored the impact of word retrieval treatment on discourse skills. It also sheds light on the importance of discourse analysis and the ways of measuring it in PWAs. Overall, the study finding seems conducive as it posits positive outcomes in both qualitative and quantitative measures of discourse skills following word retrieval treatment.
Is Neck Circumference Independently Associated with Metabolic Syndrome?
Authors: Shah Divit , Patel Mansi , Phate Neha , Kumar Sunil , Acharya Sourya , Agarwal Sachin , Pantbalekundri Nikhil , Reddy Harshitha , Batra Nitish
Published: May 2024

Background Abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, increased blood pressure (BP), and increased plasma glucose are all elements of metabolic syndrome (MS). Patients with above diseases have higher risks of developing insulin resistance, visceral obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and thus coronary artery disease and stroke. So, the purpose of this study was to explore potential neck circumference (NC) cutoff lines for the diagnosis of MS.

Methods Between November 2020 and November 2022, a total of 150 patients with MS along with age and sex-matched controls (150) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric indices like waist–hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), NC, as well as biochemicals like lipid profiles, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and BP were assessed.

Results MS was found to be substantially correlated with NC. The NC threshold for diagnosing MS was 34 cm, with 77% sensitivity and 73% specificity. NC was found to be significantly correlated with BMI, systolic and diastolic BP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, FBS, and WHR, with p-values of all variables less than 0.001.

Conclusion MS can be evaluated using NC. To identify people at risk of developing MS, a cutoff value might be employed.
An Adult Case of Medulloblastoma with Multiple Lung Metastatic Lesions—Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Azab Mohammed A.
Published: May 2024

Medulloblastoma (MB) cerebelli is a common brain tumor of the childhood. MB commonly spreads through cerebrospinal fluid; however, there are several reported cases of extracranial spread. The most common sites of extracranial metastasis are bones and bone marrow followed by peritoneum, liver, and lungs. Here, we report a case of pulmonary metastatic lesions of adult cerebellar MB that were discovered 1 year after the primary surgical treatment. We also tried to highlight similar reported cases in the literature.
Fourth Ventricular Rosai–Dorfman Disease Mimicking Intraventricular Tumor in Young Adult: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Chougule Meghana V. , Prabhakar Shankaran , Tadwalkar Nikhil , Ranade Atul
Published: May 2024

Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD) or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy can present with or without systemic disease. It is a benign histioproliferative disorder characterized by generalized lymphadenopathy, weakness, anemia, and rarely extranodal involvement. While RDD most commonly affects lymph nodes, extranodal involvement of multiple organs has been reported, including the central nervous system (CNS). However, CNS involvement in RDD is rare and is not well characterized. Isolated involvement of the fourth ventricle is even rarer. Such lesions may be mistaken for intraventricular tumors such as ependymoma or medulloblastoma. This report highlights the necessity to consider RDD as a differential diagnosis in case of intraventricular space-occupying lesion.
Group-constrained assortment optimization under the multinomial logit model
Authors: Heger Julia , Klein Robert
Published: May 2024

We study an assortment problem under the multinomial logit model with two new types of group constraints that are motivated by a joint project with the German car manufacturer BMW. Under group constraints, products are either attributed to exactly one group or to several groups at once and there is either a bound on the number of products offered per group or on the number of groups from which products are offered. We formulate both optimization problems as binary fractional linear program and provide reformulations that can be solved using state-of-the-art solvers. Finally, we conduct a numerical study and find that all instances of the products-per-group constrained problem as well as small to medium size instances of the number-of-offered-groups constrained problem can be solved within fractions of a second, whereas large instances of the latter problem might take some seconds to be solved.
Knowledge creates value: the role of financial literacy in entrepreneurial behavior
Authors: Xu Shulin , Jiang Kangqi
Published: May 2024

Under the backdrop of economic globalization and the digital economy, entrepreneurial behavior has emerged not only as a focal point of management research but also as an urgent topic within the domain of family finance. This paper scrutinizes the ramifications of financial literacy on household entrepreneurial behavior utilizing data from China’s sample of the China Household Finance Survey spanning the years 2015 and 2017. Employing the ordered Probit model, we pursue our research objectives. Our findings suggest that financial literacy exerts immediate, persistent, and evolving positive effects on households’ engagement in entrepreneurial activities and their proclivity toward entrepreneurship. Through the mitigation of endogeneity in the regression model, the outcomes of the two-stage regression corroborate the primary regression results. An examination of heterogeneity unveils noteworthy disparities between urban and rural areas, as well as gender discrepancies, in how financial literacy influences household entrepreneurial behavior. Furthermore, this study validates three potential pathways—namely income, social network, and risk attitude channels—demonstrating that financial literacy significantly augments household income, expands social networks, and enhances risk attitudes. Moreover, through supplementary analysis, we ascertain that financial education amplifies the impact of financial literacy on entrepreneurial behavior. Our study contributes to the enrichment of human capital theory and modern entrepreneurship theory. It advocates for robust efforts by governments and financial institutions to widely disseminate financial knowledge and foster family entrepreneurship, thereby fostering the robust and stable operation of both the global financial market and the job market.
How the communication style of chatbots influences consumers’ satisfaction, trust, and engagement in the context of service failure
Authors: Cai Na , Gao Shuhong , Yan Jinzhe
Published: May 2024

This study examines consumers’ reactions to the communication styles of chatbots during failed service experiences. The current study explores whether the communication style adopted by a chatbot impacts consumer satisfaction and behavior intention and how expectancy violations can moderate these relationships in the service context. A pre-test examined the validity of the stimuli of chatbots that were either task-oriented or social-oriented after consumers encountered service failure. For more information, the experiment was designed to manipulate the AI-based chatbot agent’s process and style of communication and measure the role of expectancy violations. The main experiment results showed that interactions with social-oriented communication style chatbots enhance the level of consumers’ interaction satisfaction and intention of behavior. Respondents experienced a higher perception of warmth when interacting with social-oriented communication style chatbots than task-oriented. Moreover, expectancy violation moderates the mediation of warmth on the relationship between the chatbot’s communication style/type and interaction satisfaction, trust, and intention of patronage. Setting chatbots’ communication styles to be social-oriented can help reduce negative emotions among consumers caused by service failure; specifically, the perception of warmth created by the social-oriented communication style can alleviate negative evaluations of service agents and companies, such as dissatisfaction and loss of interest. Therefore, in managerial practice, the firm should choose the social-oriented communication style chatbot agent to recover the customer relationship after a service failure.
Fractal structures in the chaotic advection of passive scalars in leaky planar hydrodynamical flows
Authors: Viana Ricardo L. , Mathias Amanda C. , Souza Leonardo C. , Haerter Pedro
Published: May 2024

The advection of passive scalars in time-independent two-dimensional incompressible fluid flows is an integrable Hamiltonian system. It becomes non-integrable if the corresponding stream function depends explicitly on time, allowing the possibility of chaotic advection of particles. We consider for a specific model (double gyre flow), a given number of exits through which advected particles can leak, without disturbing the flow itself. We investigate fractal escape basins in this problem and characterize fractality by computing the uncertainty exponent and basin entropy. Furthermore, we observe the presence of basin boundaries with points exhibiting the Wada property, i.e., boundary points that separate three or more escape basins.
Fostering connection: Principles and practices for well-designed public engagement in physics
Authors: Fracchiolla Claudia , Lau Alexandra Claire , Schrode Nicole
Published: May 2024

Public engagement stands at the core of fostering meaningful connections between physicists and the public, amidst growing public skepticism toward science and scientists. Increasing representation requires a transformative approach to public engagement, emphasizing a collaborative and bidirectional interaction that transcends conventional outreach models. In this paper, we articulate and promote the principles of effective public engagement for physicists. We highlight the successful collaboration between the American Physical Society (APS) Public Engagement and the APS Division of Plasma Physics (DPP) members in developing plasma kits for PhysicsQuest. By sharing insights, examples, and lessons learned, we aim to inspire a cultural shift within the physics community, fostering more inclusive and impactful engagement with diverse audiences.
A multi-electrode two-dimensional position sensitive diamond detector
Authors: Ditalia Tchernij S. , Siciliano D. , Provatas G. , Forneris J. , Picollo F. , Campostrini M. , Rigato V. , Siketic Z. , Jaksic M. , Vittone E.
Published: May 2024

In multi-electrode devices, charge pulses at all the electrodes are induced concurrently by the motion of the excess charge carriers generated by a single ion. This charge-sharing effect is such that the pulse amplitude at each sensitive electrode depends on the device geometry, its overall electrostatic configuration, and the charge transport properties of the detecting material. Therefore, the cross-analysis of the charge pulses induced at each electrode offers implicit information on the position of the ion impact. In this work, we investigate the two-dimensional position sensitivity of a diamond detector fabricated by deep ion beam lithography. By exploiting the ion beam induced charge technique, the device was exposed to a 2 MeV Li+ ion micro-beam to map the spatial dependence of the charge collection efficiency (CCE) on the nominal micro-beam scanning position. The combination of the CCE maps revealed a two-dimensional position sensitivity of the device with micrometric resolution at the center of the active region.
Guest Editorial: Implantable bioelectronics
Authors: Hanein Yael , Goding Josef
Published: May 2024

The realm of implantable bioelectronics represents a frontier in medical science, merging technology, biology, and medicine to innovate treatments that enhance, restore, or monitor physiological functions. This field has yielded devices like cochlear implants, cardiac pacemakers, deep brain stimulators, and vagus nerve stimulators, each designed to address a specific health condition, ranging from sensorineural hearing loss to chronic pain, neurological disorders, and heart rhythm irregularities. Such devices underscore the potential of bioelectronics to significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Recent technological breakthroughs in materials science, nanotechnology, and microfabrication have enabled the development of more sophisticated, smaller, and biocompatible bioelectronic devices. However, the field also encounters challenges, particularly in extending the capabilities of devices such as retinal prostheses, which aim to restore vision but currently offer limited visual acuity. Research in implantable bioelectronics is highly timely, driven by an aging global population with a growing prevalence of chronic diseases that could benefit from these technologies. The convergence of societal health needs, advancing technological capabilities, and a supportive ecosystem for innovation marks this era as pivotal for bioelectronic research.
Influence du compte-rendu intégré des problèmes et décisions (CRIPD) sur la qualité de la
traduction
Authors: Meyers Charlène
Published: May 2024

Cet article a pour objectif de tester la méthode de rapport des problèmes et stratégies de traduction
(Compte-rendu intégré des problèmes et décisions abrégé CRIPD) de Gile (2004, 2005) en confrontant les commentaires de traduction rédigés par des
étudiants avec les erreurs qu’ils ont commises dans leurs traductions. L’hypothèse formulée est que plus les commentaires sont
nombreux, variés et précis, moins les traductions comporteront d’erreurs. Pour vérifier cette hypothèse, nous avons constitué un
corpus électronique de 60 traductions commentées dans le cadre du cours de traduction spécialisée du Master en traduction
multidisciplinaire de l’Université de Mons. Les résultats montrent qu’il y a effectivement un lien de corrélation entre la
quantité et la qualité de commentaires et le nombre et le type d’erreurs relevées : les étudiants ayant fourni des commentaires
(i) nombreux (ii) variés et (iii) précis ont tendance à faire globalement moins d’erreurs que ceux qui rédigent peu de
commentaires ou des commentaires peu variés et moins précis. Ces résultats ouvrent des pistes d’encadrement individuel ciblé sur
les besoins de chaque étudiant en traduction.
Visualizing biodiversity on maps
Authors: Scheller Katharina
Published: May 2024

Maps play a central role in the transfer of knowledge for biodiversity conservation. However, their production and reception contexts have not been sufficiently investigated so far. While critical cartography has demonstrated that maps are not objective representations of nature but are influenced by social conventions, these insights have not been fully reflected in ecological mapping practice. This paper draws on critical map theory and expands it with a critical evaluation of map visualization. By analyzing the design of biodiversity maps, our study demonstrates that the way biodiversity is visualized in maps does not adequately reflect the dynamics and interdependencies of natural systems, nor does it adequately reflect the species-specific needs. It is argued that design-led research provides relevant knowledge about evaluating maps in terms of their functionality as communication tools. This is of central importance if we wish to further develop ecological cartography and make it practicable and effective in its field of application.
From vulnerability to accessibility, and expansion possibilities
Authors: Rong Anqi , Hansopaheluwakan Edward Nina , Li Dian
Published: May 2024

The importance of research in designing for the vulnerable lies in its commitment to address the inherent
inequalities and injustices that pervade our socio-cultural fabric. This article presents a comprehensive systematic review and
meta-analysis focused on the transition from vulnerability to accessibility in design for vulnerable populations, exploring the
possibilities of extending this vital area to information design. Employing the PRISMA approach, the study meticulously analyses
30 selected papers to uncover insights into how design practices and methodologies are evolving to better address the needs of
those often marginalized or overlooked. The findings illuminate the multifaceted nature of vulnerability, challenging information
designers to think beyond traditional norms and engage in innovative practices that not only make solutions accessible but also
ensure they are comprehensible. This research underscores the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration and participatory
approaches, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive, user-centered design solutions. The study culminates in
identifying novel areas for future research, particularly emphasizing the development of information design that is tailored to
the unique needs of vulnerable populations, thereby fostering inclusive growth.
Depth-enhancement network for monocular 3D object detection
Authors: Liu Guohua , Lian Haiyang , Guo Changrui
Published: May 2024

To accurately obtain 3D information, the correct use of depth data is crucial. Compared with radar-based methods, detecting objects in 3D space in a single image is extremely challenging due to the lack of depth cues. However, monocular 3D object detection provides a more economical solution. Traditional monocular 3D object detection methods often rely on geometric constraints, such as key points, object shape relationships and 3D to 2D optimization, to address the inherent lack of depth information. However, these methods still make it challenging to extract rich information directly from depth estimation for fusion. To fundamentally enhance the ability of monocular 3D object detection, we propose a monocular 3D object detection network based on depth information enhancement. The network learns object detection and depth estimation tasks simultaneously through a unified framework, integrates depth features as auxiliary information into the detection branch, and then constrains and enhances them to obtain better spatial representation. To this end, we introduce a new cross-modal fusion strategy, which realizes a more reasonable fusion of cross-modal information by exploring redundant, complementary information and their interactions between RGB features and depth features. Extensive experiments on the KITTI dataset show that our method can significantly improve the performance of monocular 3D object detection.
Efficient multi-scale network for semantic segmentation of fine-resolution remotely sensed images
Authors: Zhang Yuzhu , Gao Di , Du Yongxing , Li Baoshan , Qin Ling
Published: May 2024

Semantic segmentation of remote sensing urban scene images has diverse practical applications, including land cover mapping, urban change detection, environmental protection, and economic evaluation. However, classical semantic segmentation networks encounter challenges such as inadequate utilization of multi-scale semantic information and imprecise edge target segmentation in high-resolution remote sensing images. In response, this article introduces an efficient multi-scale network (EMNet) tailored for semantic segmentation of common features in remote sensing images. To address these challenges, EMNet integrates several key components. Firstly, the efficient atrous spatial pyramid pooling module is employed to enhance the relevance of multi-scale targets, facilitating improved extraction and processing of context information across different scales. Secondly, the efficient multi-scale attention mechanism and multi-scale jump connections are utilized to fuse semantic features from various levels, thereby achieving precise segmentation boundaries and accurate position information. Finally, an encoder-decoder structure is incorporated to refine the segmentation results. The effectiveness of the proposed network is validated through experiments conducted on the publicly available DroneDeploy image dataset and Potsdam dataset. Results indicate that EMNet achieves impressive performance metrics, with mean intersection over union (MIoU), mean precision (MPrecision), and mean recall (MRecall) reaching 75.99%, 86.76%, and 85.07%, respectively. Comparative analysis demonstrates that the network proposed in this article outperforms current mainstream semantic segmentation networks on both the DroneDeploy and Potsdam dataset.
Breathing impure plasmas
Authors: Kosuga Y , Bourgeois J , Lesur M , Oyama I
Published: May 2024

A theory is presented to describe fluctuation dynamics in magnetized plasmas with impurities. In particular, it is shown that impurities can significantly facilitate an abrupt transient increase of fluctuation amplitude. To demonstrate this, a fluid model is derived to describe how impurities enter fluctuation dynamics. At the linear level, a wave similar to a drift wave can be excited in the presence of impurities. The nonlinear dynamics of this wave is formulated via modulational analysis, and it is demonstrated that drift waves with impurities can develop into a breather, a nonlinear wave that exhibits transient increase of amplitude. Our model indicates that nonlinear breathers become easier to be excited as impurity concentration increases. Breathers transiently increase fluctuation amplitude, and hence may be important to expel impurities. Implications on basic experiments and magnetic fusion are discussed as well.
Active many-particle systems and the emergent behavior of dense ant collectives
Authors: Anderson C , Fernandez-Nieves A
Published: May 2024

This article discusses recent work with fire ants, Solenopisis invicta, to illustrate the use of the framework of active matter as a base to rationalize their complex collective behavior. We review much of the work that physicists have done on the group dynamics of these ants, and compare their behavior to two minimal models of active matter, and to the behavior of the synthetic systems that have served to test and drive these models.
Detecting Moving Objects in Photometric Images Using 3D Hough Transform
Authors: Zhang Bo , Hu ShaoMing , Du Junju , Yang Xu , Chen Xu , Jiang Hai , Cao Hai , Feng Shuai
Published: May 2024

In response to the exponential growth of space debris, an increasing number of observation devices are being used for the observation of moving objects, such as space debris and asteroids, which require further improvements in data-processing capabilities for the detection of moving objects. In this study, we propose a rapid detection algorithm designed for detecting moving objects, leveraging the power of the 3D Hough transform. By the simulated image experiments, our results show that the detection rate increases with the number of continuous images when fully extracting objects. Based on this foundation, the object detection rate is at least 87% regardless of the object number in the image sequence when detecting objects from at least six continuous images. In the observed image experiments, we used source-extractor to extract sources. The results show the method can successfully detect objects with signal-to-noise ratio higher than three from sidereal tracking images and can identify asteroids from asteroid tracking images while maintaining a detection speed that meets the requirements for real-time processing.
Spin wave resonance frequency in bilayer ferromagnetic films with the biquadratic exchange interaction
Authors: Zhang 张 Xiaojie 晓洁 , Wang 王 Yuting 雨汀 , Chang 常 Yanqiu 艳秋 , Wang 王 Huan 焕 , Rong 荣 Jianhong 建红 , Yun 云 Guohong 国宏
Published: May 2024

The dependences of spin wave resonance (SWR) frequency on the surface anisotropy field, interface exchange coupling, symmetry, biquadratic exchange (BQE) interaction, film thickness, and the external magnetic field in bilayer ferromagnetic films are theoretically analyzed by employing the linear spin wave approximation and Green’s function method. A remarkable increase of SWR frequency, except for energetically lower two modes, can be obtained in our model that takes the BQE interaction into account. Again, the effect of the external magnetic field on SWR frequency can be increased by increasing the biquadratic to interlayer exchange ratio. It has been identified that the BQE interaction is of utmost importance in improving the SWR frequency of the bilayer ferromagnetic films. In addition, for bilayer ferromagnetic films, the frequency gap between the energetically highest mode and lowest mode is found to increase by increasing the biquadratic to interlayer exchange ratio and film thickness and destroying the symmetry of the system. These results can be used to improve the understanding of magnetic properties in bilayer ferromagnetic films and thus may have prominent implications for future magnetic devices.
Astrometric Observations of NEA 1998 HH49 Using the Daocheng 50 cm Telescope
Authors: Xu Huan , Cheng Xiang-Ming , Zhang Yi-Gong , Song Teng-Fei , Zhang Zhen-Jun , Peng Qing-Yu
Published: May 2024

This study details an astrometric observation campaign of the Near-Earth Asteroid 1998 HH49, conducted with the aim of refining our understanding of its physical characteristics. Utilizing the 50 cm telescope located at the Wumingshan Mountain in Daocheng, Sichuan, images were obtained over four nights, from 2023 October 19 to October 22. These observations were processed using Astrometrica software, facilitating the precise determination of the asteroid’s position. The observational results were compared with the ephemerides from three distinct sources to verify accuracy: the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) Horizons System, the Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides (IMCCE) Miriade, and the Near-Earth Objects Dynamic Site (NEODyS-2). When compared with the JPL ephemeris, a mean observed-minus-calculated (O-C) result of 0.″07 in the R.A. direction and −0.″35 in the decl. direction was yielded. Furthermore, the comparison with the IMCCE ephemeris yielded mean O-C results of 0.″08 in the R.A. direction and −0.″06 in the decl. direction. The comparison with the NEODyS-2 ephemeris yielded the mean O-C results of 0.″06 in R.A. and −0.″49 in decl. direction. The study’s findings demonstrate a general consistency between the observed data and the ephemeris predictions, with minor discrepancies observed across the data sets. Notably, both the JPL and NEODyS-2 ephemerides show that the residuals in the decl. direction exceed those in the R.A. direction. The disparities may result from atmospheric differential color refraction, ephemeris discrepancies, observational errors, and other factors. Additionally, it is worth noting that further investigation is required due to the potential influence of additional factors. Overall, the Daocheng 50 cm Telescope exhibits the ability to conduct high-precision positional measurements.
Estrus detection of PE goats using the ASM application and confirmed by vagina cytology
Authors: Nurcholis  , Sumaryanti L.
Published: May 2024

The estrus cycle is the initial stage of increasing the milk production of PE goats. Estrus detection in PE goats is generally done manually by looking for signs of sound, restlessness, and aggression. The use of voice recording applications to detect estrus has been carried out, one of which is ASM. However, to increase the accuracy of detection based on ASM audio-visual, it is necessary to confirm the cytological status of bovine vaginal cells. This study aimed to detect estrus using audio-visual and vaginal cytology of goats. Eight female PE goats were observed on small breeders for their reproductive cycle, behavior, vocalization with ASM, and cell cytology sampling through vaginal mucus. They are processing data using Spearman rank correlation (SD). The results show aggressive behavior, frequent voices, and signs of clear discharge, and the tail is often moved. ASM detected the sound of goats in estrus at 430.0 Hz – 494.3 Hz and confirmed the superficial cell status, which predominated in PE goats. It can be concluded that the audio of goats in the 472 Hz range recorded using the ASM application can be used as a reference that goats are in estrus and ready to be mated.
Identification of reproduction performance of Thoroughbred and Gayo horses in Bener Meriah Regency, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah M A N , Pahlasari D , Nurhaliza A , Hasanah U , Sari E M , Novita C I , Ammar M
Published: May 2024

The objective of this research was to identify the reproductive performance of Gayo horses and Thoroughbred horses. This research was conducted in Bener Meriah District, Aceh Province through a survey method. In this case, the research location was chosen intentionally (purposive sampling). The total population of Gayo horses in Bener Meriah is currently 227 horses. Among them, 78 horses were taken as the research samples with minimum requirement that the horses involved have at least given birth 2 times. Furthermore, the required data in this study were the reproductive performance characteristics of Gayo horses and Thoroughbred horses including: (1) estrous cycle; (2) estrous duration; (3) first mating age; (4) gestation period; (5) foaling interval; and (6) postpartum mating age. Based on the results, the data obtained are that the average length of estrous cycle of Gayo horses is 20.75±1.67 days, while Thoroughbred horses is 29±1.59 days. Furthermore, the length of time in estrous for Gayo horses is 5.80±1.20 days, while Thoroughbred Horses is 7.30±1.70 days. In addition, the average first mating for Gayo horse is 3.78±1.19 years, while for Thoroughbred horses is 3.10 ± 0.65 years. Furthermore, the gestational period of Gayo horse has an average of 335.40±5.00 days, while for Thoroughbred horses is 336.66±3.41 days. The foaling interval of Gayo horse is 458.43±37.14 days, while Thoroughbred horse is 477±16.65 days. Last, the average postpartum mating of Gayo horse is 123.03± 37.73 days, while the Thoroughbred horse is 141.26±15.88. Furthermore, the data obtained identified that the reproductive performance of Gayo and thoroughbred horse in Bener Meriah Regency is in normal condition.
The effect of rest duration on the physical and chemical quality of Brahman-Cross beef
Authors: Gaznur Z M , Abubakar A , Muhammad F , Heraini D , Rahly F , Yusriani Y
Published: May 2024

Brahman Cross (BX) cattle are cattle produced by crossing Brahman cattle with European cattle. Brahman Cross is one of the beef cattle that has high productivity, resistance to high temperatures, resistance to relatively dry tropical environments, and good meat quality. This study was carried out to determine the effect of rest duration on the physical and chemical quality of Brahman Cross cattle on pH, water holding capacity, as well as fat and protein content of meat. The research was conducted at Mabar RPH Medan City. Meat physical and chemical tests were carried out at the Food Chemistry Analysis Laboratory, University of North Sumatera. Furthermore, this study used 48 Brahman Cross cattle and was designed with a statistical T-test consisting of 2 variables and 24 replications. The research treatment consisted of 24 Brahman Cross cattle without rest (0 hours), and 24 Brahman Cross cattle rested for 24 hours. The results showed that the duration of 0 hour rest and 24 hours rest before slaughter had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the pH and protein content, but had a significant effect (P>0.05) on water holding capacity and fat content.
Enhancing quality of chicken egg by adding Moringa oleifera leaves extract in drinking water
Authors: Riyanti  , Nova K , Septinova D , Arini S M , Anggraini G , Gani F T , Hasiib E A
Published: May 2024

Nowadays consumer are very concerned about food safety of chicken eggs. This condition makes researchers look for other ways to create solution on its feed to make safety feed. This study was designed to investigate Moringa oleifera leaf ethanol extract in drinking water on the performance and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred and twenty Isa Brown laying hens on twenty-two-week-old with homogenous body weight were used in this complete randomized design study with four treatments and six replications. Each replication consist of of five chickens on each cage. The laying hens were randomly divided into four treatment groups: T1: without Moringa oleifera leaves ethanol extract, T2: drinking water with 0.5% Moringa oleifera leaves ethanol extract, T3: drinking water with 1% Moringa oleifera leaves ethanol extract and T4: drinking water with 1.5% Moringa oleifera leaves ethanol extract. This study showed that supplementation of 0,5-1,5% Moringa oleifera leaves ethanol extract in drinking water increased increasead egg weight, eggshell thickness, haugh unit, albumen index, and yolk color in laying hens without increased of feed consumption, egg production, and yolk index.
Analysis of Local Forage and Income Over Feed Cost Under Ruminant and Palm Plantation Integrated System (SISKA) in West Kalimantan
Authors: Setiawan D , Nugraha A , Muliani  , Radiansah D , Syamsiah N O
Published: May 2024

Inter-plant forage found in oil palm plantations is a potential feed for ruminants. For this reason, special attention is needed to the availability and quality of the forage. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the potential of local forages in oil palm plantations in terms of the availability of forage types, botanical composition and income over feed cost. Data collection was carried out at smallholder oil palm plantations in Sengah Temila Sub-district, Landak Regency and company oil palm plantations in Kapuas Sub-district, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Province, starting from March to May 2023. The research was conducted using a survey in the form of interviews using questionnaires and field observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, linear model analysis and Duncan’s further test. The research results obtained 32 types of forage in the smallholder oil palm plantation area and 22 types of forage in the company’s oil palm plantation area. The botanical composition of forage in smallholder oil palm plantations is dominated by Paspalum conjugatum, while in corporate oil palm plantations, the botanical composition is dominated by Axonopus compressus. Smallholder oil palm plantation land was also dominated by Paspalum conjugatum Berg with an Important Value Index (IVI) value of 49.33%. In contrast, the company’s oil palm plantation’s land was dominated by Axonopus compressus, which mostly covered the land surface with an IVI value of 40.47%. The IOFC value of smallholder oil palm plantations is lower than company oil palm plantations. Smallholder oil palm plantations and company oil palm plantations in West Kalimantan have the potential to be developed as forage based on forage types, botanical composition and IOFC values, which are still profitable in both research locations.
Nutrient, total colony, and calory analysis of “ampiang dadiah” in Bukittingi
Authors: Sukma A , Rakhmadi A , Afdhol  , Alzahra H , Fitria N
Published: May 2024

Dadiah (some reference called dadih) is fermented buffalo milk originally from the Minangese, mostly located in West Sumatra. One diversity to serve on the table combines Flake Glutinous Rice (FGR) with syrup palm sugar and grated coconut as a topping. At the origin place, the meal known as Ampiang Dadiah is usually consumed as breakfast. However, there has yet to be any literature discussing the nutrients of Ampiang Dadiah up to now. This paper explores the nutrient content, calories per 100 g, and total Lactic Acid Bacteria as traditional buffalo milk derivates with a million benefits. The study was conducted in Bukittinggi, a city whose campaign is in place of central Minangese culture in West Sumatra. The method of research is an in-depth interview. Purposive sampling is supported by laboratory descriptive observation of the product based on the criteria of selling Ampiang Dadiah for more than the one-year minimum, producing Ampiang Dadiah daily, and having a permanent food stall. The study shows the nutrient rate of Ampiang Dadiah is protein 6.87% ± 1.84, fat content 0.75% ± 0.23, moisture 61.37% ± 3.25, Calorie 141.92 Kcal/100 g or equal to 515 Kcal/portion with total Lactic Acid Bacteria 28 x 107. In conclusion, although Ampiang Dadiah is a fermented milk derivative of meals, the Total Lactic Acid Bacteria still supports categories as a functional food. The nutrient content and calories are still available as breakfast, especially for locals.
Proximate Analysis of Dadih from Batu Payung Village, Lareh Sago Halaban District, Limapuluh Kota Regency, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Alzahra H , Melia S , Purwati E
Published: May 2024

Dadih is a traditional food made from fermented buffalo milk from West Sumatera, Indonesia, for 24-48 hours at room temperature. Dadih is one of the processed dairy products which is efficacious as a functional food. Dadih is a functional food that is a probiotic that contains lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This study aimed to determine the proximate properties of Dadih from Batu Payung Village, Lareh Sago Halaban District, Limapuluh Kota Regency West Sumatera, Indonesia. The research method was a descriptive method and analysis in the laboratory. The measured variables were protein content, fat content, water content, and pH. The sample used was taken from Batu Payung Village, Lareh Sago Halaban District, Limapuluh Kota Regency, West Sumatera, Indonesia because it is one of the buffalo milk producing centers in Limapuluh Kota Regency, which is then processed into Dadih. The results of this study indicate that Dadih from Batu Payung Village, Lareh Sago Halaban District, Limapuluh Kota Regency, West Sumatera has protein content ranging from 6.83%-7.90%, 5.11%-5.92% fat, 74.18%-75.71% moisture content, and pH 5.0-5.3. The conclusion is that Dadih has good nutritional quality.
Characteristics of amilose and amilopectin content of reject duck nuggets using provit A1 corn flour as filling material
Authors: Ma’ruf W , Rumondor D B J , Komansilan S , Sakul S , Tangkere E
Published: May 2024

Nugget is a ground meat product which is seasoned, then covered with flour adhesive, breaded and half-fried and then frozen to maintain its quality during storage. The addition of carbohydrates or fillers to nuggets can reduce costs derived from the main ingredient, namely meat. This study aims to analyze the starch content, amylopectin, amylose, and water content of Provit A1 corn flour used in the processing of rejected duck nuggets. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment in this study was Provit A1 corn with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% content, with 4 replications. The measurement variables were: starch content, amylose content, amylopectin content, air content. The results showed that the use of provit A1 corn flour had a significant effect (P<0.05) on starch content, amylose content, amylopectin content, water content. The conclusion of the results of this study is the use of provit A1 30% corn flour can give good results as a filler for starch content, amylose content in rejected duck nuggets.
Physicochemical and sensory properties of cow skin crackers from dry salt-preserved skin utilizing sodium meta-bisulfite (SMB)
Authors: Novia D , Juliyarsi I , Yuherman  , Setiawan R D , Afriyeni R , Nurhayani F
Published: May 2024

Cow skin cracker is a traditional Indonesian snack originating from West Sumatra, Indonesia, which is a product of livestock made from cowhide. Sulfites have been widely used for the pretreatment of foodstuffs to improve and maintain process and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sodium metabisulfite (SMB) added to the soaking process during the manufacture of cow skin crackers at concentrations of 0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45%, 0.6%, 0.75%, and 0.9% on the physicochemical and sensory properties. Moreover, the residual sulfite content in skin crackers was also evaluated. Adding a higher SMB concentration increases the hardness value and gives a higher residual value; conversely, it can lower the skin crackers’ pH and fat content. The addition of SMB also increased the brightness and reduced the redness and yellowness of skin crackers. Adding 0.3% SMB in the sensory evaluation gave the highest value for taste and texture attributes.
Application of C.odorata liquid fertilizer and leaves maize trimming as an integration of maize- livestock and farming analysis supporting food security
Authors: Jamilah  , Maida Y , Haryoko W , Mulyani S , Yusnaweti
Published: May 2024

This experiment aimed to determine the effect of trimming the maximum vegetative phase which was applied C.odorata liquid fertilizer (CLF) to increase food security and animal feed as well as to analyze its farming. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) by factorial. The first factor was trimming consisting of an untrimmed and trimmed maize plant top. The second factor was the concentration of C.odorata liquid fertilizer (Crocober Plus), namely: 0 ml L−1; 50 ml L−1; 100 ml L−1, which was repeated 4 times. Data were analyzed using an F test at level 5%. Based on the experimental results, it can be concluded that 50 ml L−1 CLF is the optimal dose for producing a model of integration of livestock maize in increasing food security for farmers and ranchers. The results demonstrated that the integration of maize and the procurement of forage by trimming maize plants at 43 DAP along 30 cm at the top to down, was very profitable for farmers with an R/C ratio of 4.29 and provided an income of IDR 7,548,750. There was a difference in IDR—5,420,000,- per each harvest for 4 months between trimming and un-trimming.
Enzymatic hydrolyzation of fermented palm kernel meal with the addition of ammonium sulfate in poultry diet
Authors: Sundu B , Asril A , Hafsah H , Saloko F
Published: May 2024

A study was conducted to determine the effect of fermented palm kernel meal (FPKM) with different levels of ammonium sulfate (AS) plus enzymatic hydrolyzation on the nutritive value and digestibility of the diets. The PKM was added with 0, 3, and 6% AS and then fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 5 days. The FPKM was hydrolyzed with a multi-enzyme product (FHPKM) and then included in the diets. The diets were: T-1 (PKM), T-2 (FPKM), T-3 (FHPKM), T-4 (FPKM with 3% AS addition), T-5 (FHPKM with 3% AS addition), T-6 (FPKM 6% AS addition), T-7 (FHPKM with 6% AS addition). The diets were fed to 140 laying hens for 30 days. The study used a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 5 replications. Data were analyzed with the variance analysis. The results showed that fermentation increased the protein content of PKM and decreased the crude fiber content. The AS addition increased protein content linearly. Enzymatic hydrolyzation of FPKM increased significantly protein and crude fiber digestibilities (P<0.05). The addition of 6% AS increased the apparent metabolizable energy of the diets significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, Fermentation increased the quality of PKM, and enzymatic hydrolyzation of FPKM increased protein and crude fiber digestibilities.