bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Różne oblicza elegii w poezji Adama Zagajewskiego
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet Gdański, Fałtynowicz Michał
Published: February 2022

The article analyses Adam Zagajewski’s poems that observe the elegiac convention.While summarizing the existing critical thought on the function of elegia in Zagajewski’s poetry, the author presents his own interpretations of selected works. He proves that the elegiac form, realised in Zagajewski’s work in many different ways, is not just an expression of the poet’s nostalgia for the past. By recalling past events, by remembering his deceased friends, and bymaintaining thememory of the victims of the Holocaust, Zagajewski makes the lyrical hero of his poems the guardian of the past. This remembrance must be allowed to influence the future.
Atorvastatin Exerts Protective Effect on Cardiopulmonary Bypass Induced Renal Injury in Rats via PPAR-γ
Authors: Zhang Tao , Ge Jianjun , Wei Can
Published: February 2022

Background: To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of atorvastatin pretreatment on renal function after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in rats.
Methods: Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats randomly were divided into three groups: Sham operation group, CPB group, and administration group (N = 8 in each group). The caudal artery and right jugular vein were used to establish the CPB circuit for the CPB and administration groups. Drugs were administered by oral gavage one week before the operation. All rats were executed for succeeding experiments 72h after the operation. Plasma levels of creatinine (Cre) and IL-8 at different time points and levels of TNF-α and MPO in renal tissue were detected by ELISA. Renal pathological changes were observed by HE staining. PPAR-γ expression was determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot.
Results: All rats survived the whole process without incident. Renal function of rats undergoing CPB was impaired to varying degrees based on the plasma Cre concentration, and atorvastatin pretreatment alleviated this effect. The concentrations of six inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6,IL-8, IFN-γ,TNF-α, and MPO) were significantly elevated after CPB procedure, while atorvastatin pretreatment ameliorated the inflammatory condition caused by CPB. Further analysis showed that in both HK-2 cells and renal tissues, atorvastatin promoted the expression of PPAR-γ.
Conclusion: Atorvastatin pretreatment exerted protective effect on CPB-associated kidney injury and inflammation in rats. The activation of PPAR-γ may contribute to the protective effect of Atorvastatin.
Research Progress on Coping Strategies of Cognitive Impairment after Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Yan Yifan , Bhushan Sandeep , Ding Weihao , Ma Chen , Peng Shichuan , Xiao Zongwei
Published: February 2022

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) refers to a complication of neurological dysfunction after surgery, including one or more changes that are significantly lower than those before surgery. The purpose of this study was to review the coping strategies and risk factors of POCD.A systemic research was conducted searching Pubmed, web of science, MEDLINE and other websites with the keywords of cardiac surgery, cognitive impairment and POCD. Multiple factors have been associated with the treatment of POCD, including anesthetic, choice of analgesic drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, erythropoietin, atherosclerosis, emotional factors, surgical and other factors. Targeted treatments are carried out for risk factors that may affect POCD prevention, such as anesthetic drug prevention, anti-inflammatory drug prevention, and intraoperative prevention and other preventive measures are aimed at reducing the incidence of POCD after cardiac surgery
Parameter estimation of fractional uncertain differential equations via Adams method
Authors: Wu Guo-Cheng , Wei Jia-Li , Luo Cheng , Huang Lan-Lan
Published: February 2022

Parameter estimation of uncertain differential equations becomes popular very recently. This paper suggests a new method based on fractional uncertain differential equations for the first time, which hold more parameter freedom degrees. The Adams numerical method and Adam algorithm are adopted for the optimization problems. The estimation results are compared to show a better forecast. Finally, the predictor–corrector method is adopted to solve the fractional uncertain differential equations. Numerical solutions are demonstrated with varied α-paths.
The vascular epiphyte flora in a white-sand ecosystem of the Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve, Central Amazon
Authors: Klein Viviane Pagnussat , Demarchi Layon Oreste , Quaresma Adriano Costa , da Cruz Jefferson , Piedade Maria Teresa Fernandez
Published: February 2022

Amazon ecosystems have suffered constant losses due to fragmentation processes, which as a result puts associated biodiversity at risk. Although vascular epiphytes constitute a representative component of tropical forests, they are still poorly studied in white-sand ecosystems. We present a description and checklist of the vascular epiphytes present in white-sand ecosystems (campinaranas) in the Central Amazon. We also analyzed the structure and determined of the value of epiphytic importance (VEI) for the species. We recorded 112 species, 58 genera, and 16 families of vascular epiphytes. The greatest richness (95 spp.) was observed in forested phytophysiognomies. Orchidaceae (66 spp.), Bromeliaceae (12 spp.), and Araceae (9 spp.) were the richest families. Prosthechea aemula W.E.Higgins (Orchidaceae) had the highest VEI and accounted for about 28% of an abundance of individuals. Among the species, 36.6% have a distribution restricted to the Amazon region, which emphasizes the importance of the conservation of these environments.
The specialized white-sand flora of the Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve, central Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Demarchi Layon Oreste , Klein Viviane Pagnussat , Aguiar Daniel Praia Portela , Marinho Lucas Cardoso , Ferreira Maria Julia , Lopes Aline , da Cruz Jefferson , Quaresma Adriano Costa , Schöngart Jochen , Wittmann Florian , Piedade Maria Teresa Fernandez
Published: February 2022

The consensus is that Amazonian white-sand ecosystems (campinaranas) shelter several endemic plant species. However, recent studies have shown that most species are generalists, and they also occur in other Neotropical ecosystems. To investigate this issue, we analyzed the proportion of endemic/specialist species in a checklist of trees, palms, and shrubs sampled between 2014 and 2020 in campinarana patches of the Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve (USDR), central Amazon. We also provide a description of phytophysiognomies, habitats, distribution, and phenology. We found 167 species belonging to 117 genera and 50 families. Fabaceae was the most representative (21 spp.), followed by Rubiaceae (16 spp.) and Chrysobalanaceae (10 spp.). We found that 30.5% of the species were exclusive to campinaranas, confirming that although there are many endemics, proportionally most species are generalists. The USDR has a rich flora specialized in oligotrophic habitats, which must be considered in the management and conservation strategies of these complex and fragile Amazonian ecosystems. 
Da'wah Patterns through Local Culture of Gesrek Art in Kombongan Village, Garut Regency
Authors: Miharja Deni , Rifani Ipan
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the art of Gesrek as a medium of cultural da'wah and the pattern of da'wah in the local culture of Gesrek art. The research was conducted in Kombongan Village, Pakenjeng Village, Pamulihan District, Garut Regency. The choice of this place was based on the growth and development of the art of Gesrek as one of the local pearls of wisdom of the Garut people. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach through descriptive methods. Where the researcher collects data through observation and in-depth interviews in order to be able to compare the data in the field and the literature review according to the research topic, the results showed that Gesrek art could be used as an effective cultural propaganda medium because this art contains practices that are following Islamic teachings both at the pre-implementation stage and at the time of implementation. The da'wah pattern of dialogue is a form of interaction between Islam and local culture in the art of Gesrek. This is marked by the content of the prayer and the behavior of the art following Islamic teachings and sharia, such as readings sourced from Al-Quran verses and rituals prior to their implementation that follow Islamic teachings.
PERAWATAN DAN PENGOPERASIAN SISTEM PENDINGIN (HEAT EXCHANGER) PADA MESIN INDUK KAPAL KM. SIDO MULYO SANTOSO DI PPN SIBOLGA
Authors: Ziliwu Boby Wisely , Musa Iskandar , Priharanto Yuniar Endri , Tono Tono
Published: February 2022

Sistem pendingin dilengkapi dalam  mesin untuk pendingin dan mencegah terjadinya panas yang berlebihan, sistem pendingin disamping bertujuan untuk mencegah  keadaan tersebut, diperlukan untuk mengatur dan mempertahankan suhu temperatur yang tetap dalam  mesin beroperasi dengan cara mengalirkan media pendingin untuk bagian-bagian mesin yang hendak didinginkan, sistem pendingin juga harus diperhatikan agar mesin dapat beroperasi dengan baik, salah satu komponen sistem pendingin adalah alat penukar kalor (heat exchanger) mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam menunjang kinerja sistem pendingin. Heat exchanger adalah suatu alat yang dimana terjadi aliran perpindahan panas diantara dua fluida atau lebih pada temperatur yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di atas kapal KM. Sido Mulyo Santoso Di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sibolga. Sistem pendingin yang digunakan pada kapal KM. Sido Mulyo Santoso yaitu sistem pendingin tidak langsung, dimana sistem tidak langsung ini air laut dihisap menggunakan pompa sentrifugal kemudian air laut tersebut kemudian dihisap oleh pompa air tawar untuk dialirkan ke komponen mesin induk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana melakukan perawatan dan pengoperasian sistem pendingin pada mesin induk yang ada di atas kapal KM. Sido Mulyo Santoso. Perawatan yang dilakukan ada 2 cara kerja, yaitu perawatan bulanan dan perawatan tak terduga
Challenges and perspectives for integral bridges in the UK: PLEXUS small-scale experiments
Authors: Luo Sha , De Luca Flavia , De Risi Raffaele , Le Pen Louis , Watson Geoff , Milne David , Chapman David , Sextos Anastasios , Cassidy Nigel , Jefferson Ian , Metje Nicole , Smethurst Joel , Richards David , Mylonakis George , Taylor Colin , Powrie William , Rogers Christopher D F
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the investigation of the factors that have limited, so far, the development of a consistent design and assessment approach for integral bridges (IBs). This paper presents a review of previous research and current design practices for IBs, followed by an overview of monitoring studies in the laboratory and in the field. As part of the UK Collaboratorium for Research on Infrastructure and Cities–Priming Laboratory EXperiments on Infrastructure and Urban Systems experimental campaign, a small-scale 1 g physical experiment is described. The test aimed to simulate the soil–structure interaction arising from seasonal expansion and contraction of the bridge deck and assess the performance of different monitoring techniques. Pressure cells were used to measure the lateral stresses behind the abutment wall, particle image velocimetry was employed to monitor the soil behaviour behind the abutment and linear variable differential transformers were used to monitor the backfill surface movements. By combining the data from these instruments, a preliminary assessment of the soil–structure interaction behaviour of the idealised integral abutment under seasonal thermal loading has been obtained. These monitoring methods and the associated understanding of IB behaviour gained from the tests provide definitive evidence for the development of monitoring systems for larger-scale physical tests and field monitoring systems for IBs.
Indoor Radon Levels In Dwellings of Kirklareli, Turkey
Authors: ÖZDEN Selin , AKÖZCAN Serpil
Published: February 2022

The indoor radon concentrations in Kirklareli, Turkey were measured in living rooms of 19 houses during winter in 2019 using Airthings 222 Corentium Home Radon Gas Detector. The short-term and long-term measurements were performed in 1 and 7 days for each house to investigate radioactive radon gas exposure in Kirklareli buildings. The indoor radon concentrations were varied from 23 to 156 Bq m-3 for 1 day period and were varied from 16 to 77 Bq m-3 for 7 days period. The average radon gas concentration was found as 43.5 Bq m-3 and this result is higher than the average of Turkey and the world average. The annual effective doses due to radon gas exposure were also estimated. The annual effective dose rate ranged from 0.61 to 2.94 mSv y-1 with a mean value of 1.09 mSv y-1.
The Dynamics of Global Sourcing
Authors: Hoang Trang
Published: February 2022

This paper studies an import model that incorporates both static crosscountry interdependence and dynamic dependence in firm-level decisions. I find that the benefit of sourcing from one country increases as a firm imports from more countries. Furthermore, using a partial identification approach under the revealed preferences assumption, I provide evidence for the sunk costs of importing, which make establishing relationships with new sellers costlier than maintaining existing ones. The coexistence of cross-country interdependence and sunk costs implies that temporary trade policy changes can have long-lasting effects on both the targeted and non-targeted markets through firm-level decisions.
Neuroenhancement – Einschätzung aus dem klinischen Alltag (Interview)
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schmitz-Spanke Simone , Veselinović Tanja
Published: February 2022

Die Diskussion um das Thema „Neuroenhancement“ hat im 21. Jahrhundert sowohl gesellschaftlich als auch wissenschaftlich an Fahrt aufgenommen. Durch die vielschichtigen Aspekte dieses Phänomens ist es aktuell schwer, Ableitungen für die Prävention zu treffen. Wir haben Frau Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Tanja Veselinović als Oberärztin einer psychiatrischen Tagesklinik gefragt, wie sie aufgrund der aktuellen Wissenslage die Risikobewertung und den Präventionsbedarf durch pharmakoligisches Neuroenhancement (PN) einschätzt.
Update der AWMF-S2k-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Begutachtung asbestbedingter Erkrankungen
Authors:   Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Kraus Thomas , Teschler Helmut ,   AFPR, Ruhrlandklinik, Universitätsmedizin Essen, Ambulantes Lungenzentrum Essen
Published: February 2022

Update of the AWMF S2k guideline “Diagnostics and Assessment of Occupational Asbestos-related Diseases” – What’s new? The S2k guideline “Diagnostics and Assessment of Occupational Asbestos-related Diseases” was updated in November 2020. This article summarises the most important changes. There is a new reference to the risk of potentially high exposures to asbestos fibres when renovating plaster, fillers and adhesives containing asbestos. Biomarkers such as mesothelin and calretinin should currently only be used in the context of research. “Asbestos airways disease”, which can only be diagnosed histologically, is included in the guideline as an early form of asbestosis. Since the UIP („usual interstitial pneumonia“) pattern is not characteristic of asbestosis, computed tomography cases with UIP patterns alone cannot be assigned reliably to asbestosis without the simultaneous detection of pleural plaques. With regard to the evaluation of functional damage, attention is drawn to the importance of flow volume curve, wholebody plethysmography, diffusion capacity and exercise testing. If available, the reference values according to the Global Lung Initiative (GLI) are the basis of assessment. The guideline contains specific recommendations on prevention, medical treatment and, for the first time, the importance of outpatient rehabilitation and training therapy. There are also references to the assessment of the new occupational disease ovarian cancer after occupational exposure to asbestos. Keywords: occupational asbestos-related diseases – guideline – asbestos airways disease – asbestosis
Physikalische Einflüsse auf das kontinuierliche Glukosemonitoring und Insulinpumpenfunktion
Authors: Thomas Andreas , Heinemann Lutz ,   Science Consulting in Diabetes GmbH, Neuss, Rinnert Kurt ,   Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement der Stadt Köln
Published: February 2022

Zunehmend wird moderne Diabetestechnologie (DT) zur Unterstützung oder gar zur Steuerung der Diabetestherapie eingesetzt. Genannt seien Insulinpens, Glukosemesssysteme, auch kontinuierlich messend, Insulinpumpen und automatisierte Insulinpumpen (AID-Systeme). Diese Medizinprodukte sind im Alltag verschiedenen Umweltfaktoren ausgesetzt, speziell physikalischer Natur, wie elektromagnetischen Feldern (EMF), ionisierender Strahlung, Druckunterschieden, Temperatureinflüssen und auch Untersuchungsmethoden im medizinischen Umfeld, die einen Einfluss auf die Funktionssicherheit der DT haben können. Dieser Übersichtsartikel widmet sich einigen solcher physikalischen Einflussfaktoren.
Eine Längsschnittstudie zur Kausalität zwischen Belastung im Studium, Depressivität und kognitivem Neuroenhancement bei Medizinstudierenden in NRW
Authors:   Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der RWTH Aachen University, Gaum Petra , Darwig Julia ,   Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der RWTH Aachen University, Lang Jessica ,   Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der RWTH Aachen University
Published: February 2022

A longitudinal study on the causal relationship between study-related stress, depressive symptoms and cognitive neuroenhancement among medical students in NRW Objectives: Medical students report high levels of study-related stress. They are also subject to an increased risk of depression. Study-related stress may lead to the consumption of a range of different substances in order to meet study requirements (pharmacological neuroenhancement = PN). This study therefore investigates the causal links between study-related stress, depression and PN. Methods: In total, 204 medical students in NRW (North Rhine-Westphalia) participated in the online survey [age: M(SD) = 24.1 (3.6); 20.1% male]. A longitudinal design with two measuring points was used with a 4-week interval. In order to measure PN, we asked how often different substances were consumed in the last four weeks to improve performance or reduce stress. The substances in question were divided and weighted according to soft enhancers, prescription drugs and illegal substances. Depressive symptoms were measured with the PHQ9 and study-related stress with the “Higher Education Stress Inventory”. Cross-lagged regression analysis (CLA) was used in order to determine causality. Results: The prevalence rates of depression were very high at 22.5% (t1) and 15.4% (t2). With regard to the causal relationship, study-related stress is a predictor of depressive symptoms but depression is not a predictor of study-related stress. Study-related stress is also a predictor of PN, but PN is not a predictor of stress. Both CLA effects were equally significant for depressive symptoms and PN. Conclusions: Study-related stress is a predictor of depressive symptoms and performance-enhancing PN. No clear causality could be found for depressive symptoms and PN, as they influence each other. Lecturers and university medical institutions should be made aware of the effects of study-related stress and be given appropriate advice in order to prevent depression and PN. Keywords: cognitive neuroenhancement – study-related stressors – medical students – depressive symptoms
SUBSTANTIATION OF SAUCE TECHNOLOGY USING VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS PROCESSING PRODUCTS TO INCREASE THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FISH SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS
Authors:   Kaliningrad State Technical University, Titova I.M. , Mosharova M.E. ,   Kaliningrad State Technical University
Published: February 2022

The research on the justification of sauce technology to increase the nutritional value of fish semi-finished products is represented. The optimal ratio of the sauce components (apple sauce, obtained from pomace during direct-pressed juice production, and tomato puree) according to organoleptic parameters, dry matter content and viscosity has been established. A comparative analysis of the rheological characteristics of the developed sauce with a sample used in industry is carried out. The changes in the viscosity index of the sauce depending on different temperature technological modes are investigated.
COLONIAL SEABIRDS OF MEDNY ISLAND (COMMANDER ISLANDS)
Authors:   Nature and Biosphere Reserve Commander Islands named after Marakov S.V., Kamchatka Territory, Pilipenko D.V.
Published: February 2022

The results of colonial seabird surveys on Medny Island were presented and the changes in numbers and distribution over the past 20–30 years were analyzed. The number of colonies on the island has not changed. The total number of individuals belonging to19 species is more than 200 thousand pairs. The colonies are distributed on the island relatively evenly along the whole coast and are based on five species – northen fulmar Fulmarus glacialis,black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla, red-legged kittiwake Rissa brevirostris and two species of guillemots. The most numerous species is Northen fulmar. The abundance of the common guillemot Uria aalge has noticeably increased. The glaucous-winged gull Larus glaucescens, the crested auklet Aethia cristatella, the moth horned puffin Fratercula corniculata and the tufted puffin Lunda cirrhata has increased less. The number of parakeet auklet Cyclorrhynchus psittacula has decreased. There was not found significant changes for the rest of species.
SPECIES COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NON-COMMERCIAL CRUSTACEANS OF THE KAMCHATKA GULF SHELF IN 2013
Authors:   Kamchatka Branch of the Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (KamchatNIRO), Blokhin I.A.
Published: February 2022

The distribution of settlement density and biomass of non-commercial crustaceans in the shelf zone of the Kamchatka Gulf in 2013 based on the materials of 23 dredging stations was shown. 130 species of noncommercial crustaceans belonging to 5 taxonomic groups were identified. The most abundant stocks of noncommercial crustaceans were depths from 150 to 200 m. In the northern part of the Kamchatka Gulf near the Kamchatka River mouth a biocenosis has been preserved, identified earlier by A.P. Kuznetsov in his research, and according to the results of our research conducted in the central part of the Kamchatka Gulf shelf at a depth of 186 m, another biocenosis with amphipod dominance can be identified. The cold-water species of the boreal-arctic complex predominate in the shelf zone of the Kamchatka Gulf.
HCCI bir motorda emme manifoldu basıncının performans ve yanma karakteristiklerine etkilerinin incelenmesi
Authors: SOLMAZ Hamit , CALAM Alper , HALİS Serdar , İPCİ Duygu , YILMAZ Emre
Published: February 2022

Homojen dolgulu sıkıştırma ile
ateşlemeli (HCCI) motorların yüksek termik
verimleri ve düşük NOx emisyonları sebebiyle buji ile ateşlemeli
(SI) ve sıkıştırma ile ateşlemeli (CI) motorlara göre önemli üstünlükleri
bulunmaktadır. Ancak HCCI motorlarda yanma başlangıcının kontrol edilmesi
oldukça zordur. Bu çalışmada, dört silindirli SI motordan dönüştürülmüş olan
bir HCCI motoru kullanılmıştır. 373 K hava giriş sıcaklığı için, emme manifold
basıncının HCCI yanma üzerine etkileri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deney
yakıtı olarak RON0, RON20 ve RON40 kullanılmıştır. Manifold basıncının
artmasıyla yanma başlangıcının avansa alındığı gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca oktan
sayısının değişiminin de yanma başlangıcı üzerine önemli etkileri olduğu
gözlenmiştir. En yüksek indike termik verim RON40 yakıtı kullanımında, 120 kPa
manifold basıncında %46,38 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Manifold basıncının
artırılmasına bağlı olarak volümetrik verimin de artması maksimum silindir içi
basınç ve ısı yayılımında artış sağlamıştır.
Studies of Competitiveness in the Russian Economic Literature: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Gordeev Roman V.
Published: February 2022

Competitiveness is one of the most frequently used concepts in the economic literature. Russian scientific journals have accumulated a large stock of research on approaches to the empirical assessment of competitiveness and competitiveness enhancement policies. However, so far there has been no attempt to carry out a comprehensive review of these studies. This paper is aimed to describe the current state and dynamics of Russian research on the topic of competitiveness, indexed by the most important in Russia scientific electronic library: eLIBRARY.ru. The key result of the article is the systematization of the main directions of studies performed by Russian researchers in the field of competitiveness from 2000 to 2020. The article shows that the dynamics of publications on this topic corresponds to the general trends of growth in the number of materials with a gradual decrease in the share of high-quality articles as well as the distribution of publications on the topic of competitiveness by journals and affiliations of authors. The evolution of trends in the choice of tools for improving competitiveness in Russian science is considered. The main practical use of this paper is a comprehensive review of Russian research on competitiveness, which can be beneficial for researchers who conduct empirical competitiveness assessments
Economic Efficiency of Forestry Activities in the Russian Penitentiary System
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary System, Mutovin Sergey I.
Published: February 2022

The industrial and economic activities of penitentiary systems are rarely analysed in the literature. However, given the fact that in terms of the number of prisoners, penitentiary institutions in large countries are comparable to certain sectors of the economy, the study of the efficiency of such aggregates of such enterprises may be of important socio-economic importance. In the present paper, on the basis of the data provided by the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service using the methodology of Data Envelopment Analysis, the first assessment of economic efficiency of forestry activities of production units of the penitentiary system, which together form a spatially distributed forestry complex noticeable for the domestic Russian market, is carried out. The regional departments of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service, which have reserves to increase their efficiency through a more economic use of production factors, are highlighted. It has been suggested to develop the above analysis on the basis of calculation of resources and production factors saving potentials under the condition of achieving high indicators of logging and production of timber products. It is concluded that such work can make a significant contribution to the formation of a comprehensive strategy for the transition of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service to carbon neutrality as part of achieving the national objectives set in the Strategy for socio-economic development of Russia with low greenhouse gas emissions until 2050
The Image of Parfen Rogozhin in «The Idiot», the Opera by M. Weinberg and A. Medvedev
Authors:   Dmitri Hvorostovsky Siberian State Academy of Arts, Voitkevich Svetlana G.
Published: February 2022

The article is to commemorate the 200th anniversary of Fedor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky; it concerns a musical version of his novel, «The Idiot». The Russian writer’s work has attracted attention of many composers. In 1986 Mieczysław Weinberg completed the eponymous opera. The librettist Aleksandr Medvedev follows the logic of the original story and constructs the musical drama preserving the specific features and versatility of each character, which is also reflected in the music. The image of Parfen Rogozhin reveals the development of his contradictory nature. The character is represented with ensemble and solo scenes. Parfen’s Song from Scene Nine stands out among the solos. The song «Akh, talan li moi, talan» (Oh My Bad Luck) is quoted as its source. The lyrics of the song were first published together with its tune in 1790, in a book edited by N. A. Lvov and I. G. Prach, «Collection of Russian Folk Songs with Their Tunes» (Lvov-Prach Collection). The study has found that there are different versions of the text in the oral tradition. Their variety can be reduced to two types: the bridal song and the jailhouse ballad with its steady archetype of «beauty and the rogue». Each type has a semantic correlation in the context of the opera. The quotation obviously changes in the opera. The librettist has introduced his own lines enhancing the tragic focus of the song. The composer renders them in the tune emphasizing the intonation intrinsic to the genre of lamentation
Strength of Curvilinearly Reinforced Plates in a Polar Coordinate System
Authors:   Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics named after S. A. Khristianovich, SB RAS, Nemirovsky Yuri V.
Published: February 2022

А computer simulation of flat structures to create a fiber composite with curved reinforcement along spiral trajectories in the polar coordinate system has been performed. Numerical comparisons of the reachability of limit states for various reinforcement structures by two families of continuous curved fibers have been made. The calculations take into account the influence of a constant temperature field. In this paper, analytical solutions of the reinforcement intensity function of the differential equation of the constancy of the fiber cross sections for the families of logarithmic and algebraic spirals are found. The analysis of the results shows that due to the choice of curved laying of reinforcing fibers, it is possible to obtain a structure with predetermined properties
La población inactiva en Colombia y sus características regionales. Un análisis desde modelos de descomposición microfactual
Authors: Castro Puello Jorge Alberto , Ariza Jose Guillermo , Ardila Delgado Armando
Published: February 2022

Este artículo trata de explicar las diferencias en las tasas de inactividad laboral entre cada departamento de Colombia y el resto del país. Se descompone este diferencial distinguiendo entre discrepancias en características observables —como distribución etaria, porcentaje de hombres y mujeres, ingresos, empleabilidad, etc.) y diferencias en características no observables (cultura, tradiciones, etcétera—. Para esto, se utiliza un modelo de descomposición microfactorial para modelos no lineales aplicado a un modelo probit sobre la decisión de estar o no inactivo laboralmente. Se encuentran cuatro subgrupos de departamentos en función del factor influye más en la definición de su participación laboral. Se encontró que es más frecuente encontrar departamentos con mayor tasa de inactividad atribuida a los factores no observables.
Efecto de la Asignación Universal por Hijo en la reducción de disparidades regionales en Argentina
Authors: Rossignolo Dario
Published: February 2022

En el marco de un incremento significativo en los niveles de gasto público, a partir de 2009 Argentina instrumentó la Asignación Universal por Hijo, un programa de transferencia de ingresos de diseño universal sujeto al cumplimiento de determinadas condicionalidades. Este programa ha tenido efectos en la reducción de disparidades de ingresos, pero el efecto regional no ha sido analizado por la literatura. Utilizando la metodología de diferencias dobles, en este artículose presentan estimaciones que procuran mostrar si el programa ha tenido efectos también en la reducción de las brechas regionales en términos de desigualdades de ingresos, pobreza e indigencia. Los resultados muestran que, si bien pueden apreciarse algunos efectos de reducción de disparidades, no puede asegurarse que las brechas regionales reflejadas en la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (EPH) disminuyan en forma estadísticamente significativa en todos los casos.
Implementation of Augmented Reality Algorithms in Road Transport Navigation Using Open Services
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation, Korotysheva A. A. , Zhukov S. N. ,   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

In the modern world, vehicle drivers use geographic information systems (GIS) — based navigators instead of the conventional paper maps to build traffic routes. One of the promising branches in this area is the use of augmented reality (AR) technology and head-up display (HUD) technology in the form of information projection onto the windshield of a car. The development and implementation of augmented reality algorithms together with the implementation of HUD technology is an urgent task to solve the problem of improving road safety. The objective of the study is to optimize the algorithm for constructing traffic routes for a car using geographic information services and augmented reality technology with projection of information onto the windshield of a car. In the present paper, an algorithm for visualizing objects with dynamic parameters functionally dependent on geographic information data using OpenStreet-Map and OSRM (Open Street Routing Machine) services is proposed and implemented as a software. Features of route optimization in OSRM based on efficient Contraction Hierarchies algorithm are shown, which has a number of advantages compared to commonly used Dijkstra and A* route construction algorithms — higher speed, less memory requirements, a relatively fast preprocessing. The simulation results are provided. Possibilities and prospects of using the proposed algorithm in the software of the vehicle navigation system are presented. The developed algorithm using geographic information services and augmented reality technology with the projection of information onto the windshield of a car makes it possible to optimize the route construction process. The interactive interface of the augmented reality visualization program with the projection of route indicators and other important information onto the windshield of a car has the integrated effect of combining the advantages of AR, HUD technologies and geographic information services. The use of the interface in the vehicle navigation system will help to improve traffic safety.
The Polyphonic Sounds of Europe: Users’ Engagement With Parties’ European-Focused Facebook Posts
Authors: Bene Márton , Magin Melanie , Jackson Daniel , Lilleker Darren , Balaban Delia , Baranowski Paweł , Haßler Jörg , Kruschinski Simon , Russmann Uta
Published: February 2022

It is an old concern in public and academic debates that people are not interested in European-level issues, and even European Parliamentary election campaigns, which are the main democratic tools of the European Union (EU) to involve ordinary people into political decision-making, are mostly about national-level political topics. Moreover, even when European issues emerge, the context of its discussion is often harmful to European integration and strengthens the perceived importance of domestic politics. In the age of social media, however, users’ content preferences may significantly affect the presence of different political levels in political campaigns, but these preferences are still largely uncovered in academic literature. To fill this gap, we investigate the direct and moderated effects of European-focused Facebook posts on user engagement drawing upon a content analysis dataset including 9,688 posts of 68 parties from 12 EU countries. In line with the well-known second-order election hypothesis (Reif & Schmitt, 1980) we hypothesize a negative direct main effect. However, we also assume that this effect is moderated by several content-, and party-level factors, and when people engage with European-level contents they do it with those ones that are posted by populist parties, focused on a few divisive hot topics, and are framed with a negative tone. Moreover, we expect cross-country differences. We find that on the whole, user engagement with national-level political content prevails over the European-level, but in some countries there are no remarkable differences in user engagement patterns of the two levels. While our findings mostly confirm the second-order election hypothesis, they also demonstrate that European politics can spread within social media platforms in a less divisive and negative way than we expected. European-focused posts do not perform better when they are posted by populist parties, focused selectively on the salient issues of immigration or environment, or framed in a negative way.
The Informational Consequences of Populism: Social Media News Use and “News Finds Me” Perception
Authors: González-González Pablo , Marcos-Marné Hugo , Llamazares Iván , Gil de Zúñiga Homero
Published: February 2022

Prior studies have theorized a positive association between people’s populist attitudes and an increased use of social media to consume news, which will be mainly driven by individuals’ engagement with news that reflects their people-centered, anti-elitist, and Manichean understanding of politics. However, such general connection remains elusive. This research seeks to further clarify this strand of the literature by incorporating people’s belief that important political information will find them without actively seeking news—"News Finds Me” perception (NFM). For that, we use online survey data from two European countries that differ regarding the ideological political supply side of populism (Italy and Portugal). The main results suggest that citizens who hold stronger populist attitudes will also develop stronger NFM. Furthermore, findings reveal a mediating effect of social media news use on the effects of populist attitudes over NFM. That is, those who hold stronger populist attitudes tend to use social media to get exposed to public affairs news more often, which in turn explains the development of the NFM. These results emphasize the importance of systematically exploring citizens populists’ attitudes within today’s social media, social networks, and complex information systems.
Hypocretin receptor 1 modulations on specific neuronal subtypes in the ventral tegmental area impact mesolimbic dopamine and cocaine-associated behavior
Authors:   , Black Emily Marie , Raghupathi Ramesh , España Rodrigo A
Published: February 2022

There are currently no approved pharmacotherapies for treating cocaine use disorder. However, the hypocretin system, particularly hypocretin receptor 1 (HCRTr1) which acts on mesolimbic dopamine (DA), seems to be a promising therapeutic target. In this thesis I utilize a novel combinatorial viral approach to selectively knockdown HCRTr1 on DA or GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). I characterize this viral knockdown with infusion confirmations and qRT-PCR. I then use fast scan cyclic voltammetry to examine the effects of HCRTr1 knockdown on VTA DA vs GABA neurons on DA dynamics in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). I also use cocaine self-administration behavioral schedules of reinforcement to examine how different aspects of cocaine taking are impacted by this knockdown. Results from the present study indicate that knockdown of HCRTr1 on VTA DA neurons significantly reduces HCRTr1 mRNA in the VTA, reduces DA sensitivity to cocaine in the NAc, and reduces motivation to self-administer cocaine. Interestingly, HCRTr1 knockdown of HCRTr1 on VTA GABA neurons significantly reduces HCRTr1 mRNA in the VTA, enhances DA sensitivity to cocaine in the NAc, and does not affect cocaine self-administration behavior. Though complex, the findings from the present study set a precedent for investigation of differential neuronal subtypes in the VTA and lead the way for future studies as well as development of improved pharmacotherapies for cocaine use disorder.
The Biochemical Functionality and Cellular Importance of the Vacuolar H⁺ Translocating Pyrophosphatase 1, PfVP1, in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors:   , Solebo Omobukola R. , Ke Hangjun
Published: February 2022

Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent behind the most severe cases of malaria, has been found to encode vacuolar H⁺ translocating pyrophosphatases, or H⁺ -PPases. These evolutionarily ancient proton pumps have been found within prokaryotes and two of the four kingdoms of Eukarya, with metazoa and fungi being the exceptions. The potassium-dependent H⁺ -PPase of P. falciparum, known as PfVP1, has recently been predicted to be essential and this combined with the absence of any homologs in animals have highlighted it as a possible drug target. Here, we have characterized several important aspects of PfVP1 including its subcellular localization, time of action, and mechanism of function using comprehensive genetic and biochemical approaches. We show that PfVP1 is highly expressed and primarily localized to the parasite plasma membrane, with some additional intracellular localization that does not coincide with the food vacuole as previously thought. Importantly, we discovered that PfVP1 is essential for the ring stage development and the PfVP1 knockdown parasite was completely arrested at the ring stage to trophozoite stage transition. We expressed and purified PfVP1 from the heterologous expression system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and confirmed its pyrophosphate hydrolysis and proton pumping activities in vitro. To further verify PfVP1's mechanism of function in vivo, we complemented the knockdown parasite with pyrophosphatases that have either a sole function of PPi hydrolysis (S. cerevisiae soluble pyrophosphatase) or dual functionality of PPi hydrolysis and proton pumping, AVP1 (Arabidopsis thaliana VP1). These genetic studies revealed the dual functionality PfVP1 is required. Together, our data suggest PfVP1 is the major proton pump to maintain the plasma membrane potential during the ring stage development. Such a bioenergetically favorable proton pump is critical for the ring stage likely because this young malaria parasite needs to utilize alternative energy sources during the time it takes for nutrient acquisition routes to become fully established across the host cell membrane.
Propuesta basada en modelos para la monitorización remota de procesos en la industria de producción de petróleo
Authors: Irisarri Edurne , García Marcelo V. , Pérez Federico , Orive Darío , Estévez Elisabet , Marcos Marga
Published: February 2022

Una de las bases sobre las que se asienta la cuarta revolución industrial es la accesibilidad a cualquier información relevante en tiempo real. Esto se alcanza conectando todas las instancias que conforman la cadena de valor. Lo que se persigue, en general, es la gestión de todo el proceso de la cadena de valor, que derivará en una producción más eficiente dando lugar a mejores productos y servicios. Las redes verticales tienen su fundamento en la utilización de sistemas de producción cíberfísicos (CPPSs) y en las organizaciones que posibilitan la integración vertical que va desde los sensores hasta el nivel de empresa de la compañía. Sin embargo, la interoperabilidad global solo se garantiza si se utilizan estándares industriales para modelar las vistas de las partes implicadas y comunicando los dispositivos presentes, diversos y heterogéneos. Este artículo está enfocado al área de la industria de procesos, en particular, a la de producción de petróleo. Para ello se presenta una propuesta de modelado basada en estándares industriales. El objetivo es generar la configuración del servidor OPC UA a partir de los modelos de la planta y de los dispositivos que suministran los datos. Se ha realizado la validación de estos modelos en parte del proceso que desarrolla la compañía Petroamazonas EP de Ecuador.
UWSim, un simulador submarino como herramienta educacional
Authors: Pérez Soler Javier , Fornas David , Marín Raúl , Sanz Pedro J.
Published: February 2022

Debido a la creciente presencia de la robótica en los medios de comunicación se abren oportunidades a la educación utilizando este auge como factor motivador. En este trabajo se hace un análisis de las distintas formas de canalizar la motivación de los estudiantes para iniciar una carrera de futuro haciendo énfasis en las posibilidades de los simuladores. Además se propone un entorno de aprendizaje con un simulador con capacidades de benchmarking como eje central del sistema destacando las ventajas de este tipo de herramientas en el autoaprendizaje. Por último se detallan mejoras al sistema propuesto con un simulador online integrando programación con blockly para un entorno aún más amigable.
Molecular Characterization and Assessment of Population Structure of Hulled Wheats
Authors: DEMİREL Fatih , GÜRCAN Kahraman , AKAR Taner
Published: February 2022

Analysis of genetic diversity among genotypes and differentiation among populations are crucial for determination of conservation strategies and one of the best plant breeding approaches. In this study, ISSR markers were used to determine genetic variation and population structure in 23 hulled wheats. Together with control durum wheat and bread wheat registered cultivars, 32 wheat genotypes were analyzed with 14 ISSR markers located throughout the wheat genome. Number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 13 and the polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.27 for the UBC-852 to 0.37 for the UBC-824 with an average of 0.33. High levels of polymorphism ratio (100%) were observed for ISSR primers. Mean number of polymorphic alleles (N), expected heterozygosity (He), PIC, number of effective allele (Ne), Shanon’s information index (I) and genetic variation (FST) were determined as 10.21, 0.42, 0.33, 1.78, 0.61 and 0.63, respectively. UPGMA analysis based on dice genetic similarity ranged between 0.981 and 0.112 showing the high genetic diversity among hulled wheat genotypes. Results showed that the ISSR markers provided reliable and reproducible fingerprinting profiles for assessment of population structure and genetic diversity of hulled wheat genotypes. These molecular variations obtained from present study can be used in parent choosing for breeding studies.
President Ho Chi Minh and Hanoi National University of Education
Authors: Ho Cong Luu , Nguyen Van Bieu
Published: February 2022

President Ho Chi Minh was the one who laid the foundation for the birth of Vietnamese revolutionary education. During his lifetime, he always paid attention to the country’s education and training. Facing many difficulties and hardships right after gaining independence in 1945, President Ho Chi Minh emphasized the task of fighting “the enemy of hunger” and “the enemy of illiteracy”, promoting the Popular Education movement to eliminate illiteracy among people. During his activities as the country's leader, his works, speeches and articles highlighted his views on a comprehensive education, focusing on both virtue and talent, associating with reality, and combining school, family and social education. He is also a shining role model of self-study, self-training and persistent struggle to improve himself. In a short time, from 1957- 1964, President Ho Chi Minh visited Hanoi National University of Education four times. The devotion of Ho Chi Minh for the country’s education in general and Hanoi National University of Education in particular is an exemplary symbol for school leaders, officials, employees and students to follow and implement so that the university will forever deserve with the title of “the moral university of the whole country” as he always hoped for in his life.