bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organocatalyzed Synthesis of Anti-tubercular Agents
Authors: Sharma Sunil , Singh Kavita , Yadav Rakhi , Kumar Ramesh , Sagar Ram
Published: September 2023

This review highlights synthetic developments of anti-tubercular agents by using organocatalysts. Organocatalysts-mediated synthesis is environmentally benign and highly compatible with aqueous-solvent systems, and such catalysts are attractive because of their inexpensive cost, low toxicity, good air and moisture stability and follow many principles of green chemistry. Numerous anti-tuberculosis agents have been synthesized utilizing organocatalysts and tested for their in-vivo and in-vitro anti-mycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv pathogens. The inhibitory concentrations of the reported compounds were compared with the standard reference drugs in order to evaluate their inhibition potency.
Innovation HCI Knowledge
Authors: Singh Kaswan Kuldeep , Baliyan Anupam , Dhatterwal Jagjit Singh , Kaiwartya Om Prakash
Published: September 2023

Design thinking has a significant influence on innovation in business,
education, health, and other vital fields. This involves human-centered approaches lijke
fast prototyping, and abductive reasoning. There are many parallels and contrasts
between design visualized and a path to the innovative design of Human-Computer
Interaction (HCI). In this chapter, we will discuss the method of Hasse diagrams for
structured learning domains visualizing the progress of a learner through this domain
and reducing attrition through early risk identification, improving learning performance
and achievement levels, enabling more effective use of teaching time, and enhancing
performance learning design/instructional design.
Polymer Composites for Automotive Applications
Authors: Veeramani Naveen , Ghosh Prosenjit , Kanti Das Tushar , Chandra Das Narayan
Published: September 2023

The last couple of decades have witnessed exceptional advancements in
automotives; and the use of polymer composites (PCs) in making different automotive
parts has emerged as an integral part of the advancement. Fiber-reinforced PCs offer
weight benefits to automotives, thus enhancing fuel economy. Moreover, these
composites can be engineered for versatile applications, e.g., interior and exterior body
parts. Ease of manufacturing is another advantage of PCs, although several major
technical considerations still need to address before engineering these composites for
wide-scale acceptance in various automotive applications, especially for exterior body
parts. However, PCs are a new class of materials, and developing state-of-the-art
manufacturing technology may enhance the comfort and security of modern vehicles.
This chapter outlines the utility and recent advances in PCs for various automotive
applications. In addition, quality assurance and the advantages of PCs are also given.
The potential of PCs for future perspectives is also discussed.
A Glance Review on Data Science and its Teaching: Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Rao Gundu Srinivasa , Panem Charanarur , Vijaylaxmi J.
Published: September 2023

The word “data science” has become more popular in recent years, with a
growing number of people embracing it. Only a small minority of people, on the other
hand, are able to offer a clear explanation of what the term refers to when it is used in
context. With no defined term to communicate and understand one another, it is
difficult for organizations that are devoted to the collaboration, utilization, and
application Data Science to communicate and understand one another.
As a result of technological advancements, it has become increasingly difficult to
define and execute Data Science in a way that is compatible with how it was previously
considered and understood in the past.
Specifically, we could now set out to develop definitions of Data Science that are
representatives of current academic and industrial interpretations and perceptions, map
these perspectives to newer domains of Data Science, and then determine whether or
not this mapping translates into an effective practical curriculum for academics.
Aspects of data science that differentiate it include how it is now used and how it is
projected to be used in the future. Data science is also characterized by its ability to
forecast the future.
Quercetin Chemistry, Structural Modifications, Sar Studies and Therapeutic Applications: An Update
Authors: Banday Nazia , Ahad Mir Prince , Maqbool Mudasir , Jan Rafia , Shafi Nyira , Mohi-ud-din Roohi , Hassan Mir Reyaz
Published: September 2023

Natural products are investigated for their remunerative effects on health.
Quercetin, a flavonoid, is commonly distributed in vegetables and fruits. Quercetin is
used as a supplement in food and as a phytochemical remedy against several diseases,
including circulatory dysfunction, neurodegeneration, diabetes, cancer, and
inflammation. The most prominent property of quercetin is its antioxidant activity,
enabling it to douse free radicals. Derivatives of quercetin are essential metabolites,
and even various conjugates are being advocated by the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) for use in humans. So, the biosynthesis of quercetin derivatives is a predominant
field of research. Methylation and glycosylation are two essential strategies used to
synthesize various metabolites of quercetin that do not exist in nature. This review summmarizes quercetin chemistry, structural modifications, Structure-Activity
Relationship (SAR) studies, and therapeutic applications of quercetin.
Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Plant Saponins
Authors: Sharma Sakshi , Nagpal Avinash Kaur
Published: September 2023

Saponins are a large family of biologically active amphipathic glycosides of triterpenoids and steroids. These high molecular weight glycosides consist of an oligosaccharide moiety linked with an aglycone, also known as sapogenin (triterpenoid or steroid). Therefore, structurally saponins are classified into two categories, i.e., triterpenoid saponins and steroidal saponins. They have foaming capacity. They are produced mainly by plants belonging to classes Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida and marine organisms such as starfish, sponges and sea cucumbers. They are non-essential for basic plant metabolism, however, they are produced as secondary metabolites in plants in the presence of biotic and abiotic stresses. Saponins are found in all parts of the plant, including flower, fruits, stem, leaves, etc. Many plants that have medicinal properties or are part of the human diet contain saponins. Their concentration in a plant depends on the type of tissue, physiology, genetic makeup and environment of the concerned plant. They impart a pungent and bitter taste to plants. Various studies across the globe have shown that saponins are chemopreventive, anti-tumor, antiinflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity in nature. In this chapter, an account of the role of saponins in the prevention and therapy of different health problems, especially cancer in human beings, is presented. This chapter consists of details about the structure, synthesis, sources and biological activities of saponins found in various plant sources used as food. An attempt is also made to compile results from different studies conducted globally to explain the protective and therapeutic effects of saponins.
¿Es efectivo el uso de la estrategia de hotspots en el Perú? Los resultados de la Estrategia Multisectorial Barrio Seguro en la lucha contra el crimen: Una mirada a la criminalidad y percepción de inseguridad
Authors: Amaya Elar
Published: September 2023

Al igual que otros países en la región, el Perú implementó una estrategia de focalización territorial para prevenir el crimen, el cual afecta a uno de cada cuatro peruanos y ha hecho que más del 80% considere a la falta de seguridad como el principal problema del país. El presente estudio evalúa el impacto de la Estrategia Multisectorial Barrio Seguro (EMBS) en los 92 barrios más peligrosos del país aprovechando su implementación progresiva en el tiempo a nivel barrial (staggered) y datos georeferenciados tanto de la delimitación de los barrios como de los conglomerados muestrales de la Encuesta Nacional de Programas Estratégicos. Con ello, se estimó el efecto del programa mediante Doble Diferencias mútiples períodos y variación en el momento de tratamiento propuesto por Callaway y Sant'Anna (2020) sobre los barrios intervenidos y las zonas de influencia, definidas estas últimas por buffers de 500m, 1km, 3km y 5km. Se aplicaron las siguientes pruebas de robustez: estudio de eventos, balanceos entrópicos, fechas de placebo y test de falsificación. Los resultados muestran que en los barrios donde se implementó la EMBS aumentó la percepción de vigilancia (patrullaje) y se redujo la percepción de inseguridad al caminar de noche por el barrio. No obstante, no hubo efectos sobre la confianza en la policía, la proporción de casos denunciados en comisarías ni sobre la victimización por crímenes patrimoniales y no patrimoniales. A diferencia de intervenciones similares en otros países, la EMBS no ha tenido mayores efectos, lo que, de acuerdo con las entrevistas realizadas, se explica por fuertes debilidades en su diseño e implementación (coordinación territorial, gestión de intervenciones, multisectorialidad, etc.).
DISEÑO DE UN SISTEMA DE CONTROL NO LINEAL MULTIVARIABLE BASADO EN EL MÉTODO DE LINEALIZACIÓN POR REALIMENTACIÓN DE ESTADOS APLICADO A UN ROBOT MANIPULADOR ESFÉRICO DE DOF
Authors: Maravi Pinto Ronald Divio
Published: September 2023

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C,B,R, DE SUBRASANTES ARENOSAS Y LIMO-ARCILLOSAS
Authors: Ordoñez Huaman Abel , Minaya González Silene
Published: September 2023

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EVALUACIÓN Y DISEÑO PRELIMINAR DE UN PROTOTIPO EXPERIMENTAL DE REFRIGERACIÓN POR ADSORCIÓN
Authors: Ramos Miguel , Horn Manfred , Espinoza Rafael
Published: September 2023

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DISCUSSING PHYSICS BY MEANS OF AN OLD CONCEPT: THE AETHER NET
Authors: Valera Palacios Aníbal
Published: September 2023

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Diseño teórico y construcción de un velocímetro láser Doppler para la medición de vibraciones mecánicas
Authors: Powell Villena Andrade , Mosquera Leiva Luis
Published: September 2023

La riqueza de detalles que las técnicas ópticas proporcionan, a acelerado su difusión en diversas aplicaciones de la mecánica experimental, con destaque en las técnicas de ensayo no destructivos. Como parte de las recientes adquisiciones de material de laboratorio, en el marco de un proyecto de innovación tecnológica se ha implementado en el laboratorio de Física de Ingeniería Civil, un equipo óptico de velocimetría láser doppler, que permite medir la respuesta espectral a vibraciones de diversas estructuras y constituye una poderosa herramienta de metrología óptica.
Inecuaciones variacionales y quasivariacionales con aplicación a un problema de filtración a través de un dique mallado con elementos finitos
Authors: Mantilla Nuñez Irla , Roca Galindo Luís
Published: September 2023

El comportamiento de la presión de un fluido que se filtra a través de la pared de un Dique, el cual se supone es de un material poroso, conduce al planteamiento de un problema de contorno que involucra ecuaciones en derivadas parciales bajo condiciones tipo Dirichlet y Newmamn; en algunas fronteras mientras que en otra es desconocida, es decir, conduce a un problema de frontera libre. Para el caso que se considere la sección Irasversal de la pared de forma rectangular, el problema está asociado a una inecuación variacional y para secciones planas no rectangulares, se tiene un problema de fromiera libre asociado a una inecuación quasivariacional. El estudio del primer caso está resuelto en la referencia [4]. En el presente trabajo hemos considerado el estudio numérico del segundo caso. Para resolver este problema, se le hace un tratamiento matemático utilizando la teoría de dualidad. luego; mediante el cálculo de iteraciones de punto fijo, tales que en cada iteración se tiene una inecuación variacional de segunda especie, donde la forma bilineal es no simétrica, pero que mediante un esquema propuesto de minimizar el múmero de iteraciones, se obtiene un problema equivalente de optimización, el cual, permite demostrar la existencia y unicidad de solución, bajo la condición de la existencia los puntos de silla. Entonces para hallar la solución, utilizamos el método de elementos finitos, con lo que finalmente se logra la simulación mumérica del problema de filtración en Digues de base plana no rectangular.
CONTINUIDAD DE LAS EMPRESAS EXPORTADORAS DEL SECTOR CONFECCIONES PERUANO: UNA APLICACIÓN DE LOS MODELOS LOGIT MULTIVARIADOS
Authors: Huamanchumo de la Cuba Luis E. , Rebatta Nieto Javier L.
Published: September 2023

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Good Living in Brussel Post Pandemic
Authors: Uyttebroeck Constance , Newton Caroline
Published: September 2023

Brussel (België) heeft de Covid-19 pandemie een katalyserende en legitimerende rol gespeeld in beleidshervormingen op het gebied van ruimtelijke ordening en regelgeving. De huidige hervorming van de Gewestelijke Stedenbouwkundige Verordening (GSV) is als ‘good living’ verpakt en schuift hoge ambities naar voor qua levenskwaliteit, mede door de flexibilisering van regels voor nieuwbouw. Ondanks een historische traditie van burgerparticipatie in ruimtelijke planning, worden de Brusselse ambities om de levenskwaliteit voor alle inwoners te verbeteren geconfronteerd met ruimtelijke en institutionele uitdagingen. De Europese Commissie, internationale en administratieve kantoorzones, als mede industriële gebieden, coëxisteren in de Brusselse stedelijke matrix. Er bestaat een aanzienlijk contrast in de kwaliteit van huisvesting en openbare ruimtes tussen de zuidoostelijke wijken van de stad en de voormalige industriële zones langs het kanaal. Bovendien heeft de ruimtelijke ordening in Brussel geleden onder institutionele fragmentatie, tegenstrijdige overheidsinstanties, gepolitiseerd planning en sterk marktbetrokkenheid. In dit reflectie-artikel, bespreken we de effecten van de Covid-19 crisis op ruimtelijke planning instrumenten die planningsinstrumenten die gericht zijn op het verbeteren van de levenskwaliteit. Deze bijdrage is gebaseerd op de hervorming van de GSV en de analyse van documenten en interviews met stakeholders van het ruimtelijke planningsysteem. Naast de waardering van buitenruimte heeft de hervorming tot doel om levenskwaliteit door flexibilisering te verbeteren en het voorstel geeft criteria rond dichtheid, functionele menging, groene ruimte, en dergelijke, die in lijn zijn met de principes van de 15-minutenstad. Covid-19 kan een opportuniteit bieden om 'good living' in Brussel te realiseren en de stad veerkrachtiger te maken voor toekomstige gezondheidscrisissen. Het stellen en consolideren van beleidsdoelstellingen is één aspect; het waarborgen van hun implementatie zonder uitsluiting van kwetsbare groepen is een andere cruciale dimensie.
The state of the medical care system of the Donetsk region in the first post-war decade according (to the materials of the statistical office)
Authors: Volonyts Vira , Shypik Natalia
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to highlighting the regional context of the situation in the field of medical care in the first post-war decade. The authors highlight the key problems faced by the medical system after the expulsion of the Nazi occupiers. The specificity of the medical reform of 1947 implementation at the regional level is analyzed. A complex epidemic situation against the background of post-war destruction is characterized. The urgency of the problem lies in the need to ana-lyze the response of the medical system to the challenges faced by society after the end of the war. Consideration of the subject becomes very relevant in the conditions of a large-scale war, which the Russian Federation has unleashed against our country, and which has already led to a significant degree of destruc-tion of medical and social infrastructure facilities. It is necessary to take into ac-count the experience in order to avoid the mistakes made by the Soviet authorities when restoring the medical network and overcoming epidemics accompanying such social cataclysms as war. The novelty of the study is due to the inclusion in the scientific circulation of information arrays from the documents of the regional statistical office, which reflect certain local specifics. It was established that as a result of the war, the main components of the health care system suffered signifi-cant destruction. The attempt to reform it in these difficult conditions led to am-biguous consequences. A positive aspect was the transition from the production principle of medical care to the territorial one. However, the process of combining polyclinics and outpatient clinics with hospitals took place mainly formally, without taking into account personnel and infrastructural capabilities. A characteristic fea-ture was the insufficient level of medical personnel in the region and the lack of medical and diagnostic equipment. The excessive workload of the doctor in the absence of auxiliary means significantly complicated the diagnosis and affected the quality of medical care. The overall high indices of medical care hid a decline in its quality. The practice of locating medical facilities in poorly adapted premises that did not meet the minimum sanitary and hygienic requirements was wide-spread. Difficult social living conditions in a broad context negatively affected the structure of morbidity, threatened epidemics and affected the level of medical measures efficacy
The Number of Colon Crypts in Digital Mucosal Samples: A New Independent Parameter for Diagnosing Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: RUBIO CARLOS A. , LANG-SCHWARZ CORINNA , MATEK CHRISTIAN , KAMARADOVA KATERINA , VIETH MICHAEL
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: It has been demonstrated that most routine biopsies from the colon and rectum display cross-cut crypts (CCC). The aim was to assess the number of CCC in microscopic isometric digital samples (0.500 mm2) from routine colon biopsies. Patients and Methods: Colon biopsies from 224 patients were investigated: 99 in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 31 UC in remission (UCR), 28 infectious colitis (IC), 7 resolved IC (RIC), 19 diverticular sigmoiditis (DS), and 40 normal colon mucosa (NCM). Results: A total of 8,024 CCC were registered: 2,860 (35.6%) in UC, 1,319 UCR (16.4%), 849 (10.6%) in IC, 340 (4.2%) in RIC, 795 (9.9%) in DS, and 1,861 (23.2%) in NCM. The CCC frequencies in UC and IC were significantly lower (p<0.05) than those in UCR, RIC, DS, and NCM. Conclusion: By the simple algorithm of counting CCC in standardized isometric microscopic digital circles measuring 0.500 mm2, it was possible to differentiate between UC (long-lasting inflammation) and IC (short-lasting inflammation) on the one hand, and UCR, RIC, DS (persistent inflammation), and NCM, on the other. The counting of CCC in the algorithm by five pathologists working in three disparate European Countries, was found to be reproducible.
Analysis of Wastewater Samples to Explore Community Substance Use in the United States: Pilot Correlative and Machine Learning Study
Authors: Severson Marie A , Onanong Sathaporn , Dolezal Alexandra , Bartelt-Hunt Shannon L , Snow Daniel D , McFadden Lisa M
Published: September 2023

Background

Substance use disorder and associated deaths have increased in the United States, but methods for detecting and monitoring substance use using rapid and unbiased techniques are lacking. Wastewater-based surveillance is a cost-effective method for monitoring community drug use. However, the examination of the results often focuses on descriptive analysis.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore community substance use in the United States by analyzing wastewater samples. Geographic differences and commonalities of substance use were explored.

Methods

Wastewater was sampled across the United States (n=12). Selected drugs with misuse potential, prescriptions, and over-the-counter drugs and their metabolites were tested across geographic locations for 7 days. Methods used included wastewater assessment of substances and metabolites paired with machine learning, specifically discriminant analysis and cluster analysis, to explore similarities and differences in wastewater measures.

Results

Geographic variations in the wastewater drug or metabolite levels were found. Results revealed a higher use of methamphetamine (z=–2.27, P=.02) and opioids-to-methadone ratios (oxycodone-to-methadone: z=–1.95, P=.05; hydrocodone-to-methadone: z=–1.95, P=.05) in states west of the Mississippi River compared to the east. Discriminant analysis suggested temazepam and methadone were significant predictors of geographical locations. Precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-scores were 0.88, 1, 0.80, and 0.93, respectively. Finally, cluster analysis revealed similarities in substance use among communities.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that wastewater-based surveillance has the potential to become an effective form of surveillance for substance use. Further, advanced analytical techniques may help uncover geographical patterns and detect communities with similar needs for resources to address substance use disorders. Using automated analytics, these advanced surveillance techniques may help communities develop timely, tailored treatment and prevention efforts.
Framework for Classifying Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) Algorithms in Clinical Medicine
Authors: Gniadek Thomas , Kang Jason , Theparee Talent , Krive Jacob
Published: September 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) applied to medicine offers immense promise, in addition to safety and regulatory concerns. Traditional AI produces a core algorithm result, typically without a measure of statistical confidence or an explanation of its biological-theoretical basis. Efforts are underway to develop explainable AI (XAI) algorithms that not only produce a result but also an explanation to support that result. Here we present a framework for classifying XAI algorithms applied to clinical medicine: An algorithm’s clinical scope is defined by whether the core algorithm output leads to observations (eg, tests, imaging, clinical evaluation), interventions (eg, procedures, medications), diagnoses, and prognostication. Explanations are classified by whether they provide empiric statistical information, association with a historical population or populations, or association with an established disease mechanism or mechanisms. XAI implementations can be classified based on whether algorithm training and validation took into account the actions of health care providers in response to the insights and explanations provided or whether training was performed using only the core algorithm output as the end point. Finally, communication modalities used to convey an XAI explanation can be used to classify algorithms and may affect clinical outcomes. This framework can be used when designing, evaluating, and comparing XAI algorithms applied to medicine.
"Internet+Nursing Service" Mobile Applications in China App store: Assessment of Functionality and Quality (Preprint)
Authors: Yuan Shuo , Liu Min , Peng Yuqi , Hu Jinrui , Li Bingyan , Din Xia , Xie Lunfang
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND

As Chinese society ages and concern for health and quality of life grows, the demand for care services is increasing. The widespread use of Internet technology has greatly improved the convenience and efficiency of online services. As a result, the Chinese government has been implementing “Internet + Nursing Service” since 2019, with mobile Apps being the primary way for users to access these services. The quality of these Apps is closely related to user experience and the smooth use of services.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the functionality, services, and quality of these Apps, identify weaknesses, and provide suggestions for improving service programs and the research, development, improvement, and maintenance of similar Apps.

METHODS

In December 2022, two researchers searched for “Internet+Nursing Service” Apps using search criteria on the Kuchuan mobile App monitoring platform. After identifying the Apps to be included based on ranking criteria, they collected information such as developer, size, version number, number of downloads, user ratings, number and name of services. Five trained researchers independently evaluated the quality of the Apps using the uMARS-C, with the total uMARS-C score based on the average score of the five ratings.

RESULTS

A total of 17 “Internet+Nursing Service” Apps were included. Of these, 12 (71%) had been downloaded more than 10,000 times; 10 (59%) had user ratings of 4 or higher; the median App size was 62.67MB (R=22.71-99.8, IQR46.73); 16 (94.1%) Apps provided surgical wound dressing exchange services; 4 (23.5%) covered first-tier cities; only 1 (5.9%) belonged to fourth-tier cities. The median total uMARS-C score was 3.88 (R=1.92~4.92, IQR0.48), which did not correlate with App store user ratings (r=0.003, P=0.992). The quality of most Apps (>60%) was average. Most Apps (>70%) were rated good or above (≥4 points) in terms of information quality, layout, graphics, performance and ease of use; however, the vast majority of Apps (>80%) were rated fair or even poor (<4 points) in terms of credibility and demand.

CONCLUSIONS

“Internet+Nursing Service” Apps need to broaden their service coverage, increase service variety and further optimize their service structure. The overall quality of these Apps is generally poor. App developers should collaborate with medical professionals and communicate with target users before launching their products to ensure accurate content, complete functionality and good operation that meets user needs.
Mongolian Constitutionalism: Traditions, Features and Today
Authors: Janar Turtogtoh
Published: September 2023

The Mongols are the people that have established their own state since ancient times and who pacified the world during the certain time of history. As a result of developing traditions of the Mongolian statehood, the Constitution of Mongolia was ratified on January 13, 1992 and 10 years passed since that time. The decade after the introduction of the Democratic Political system, has been the time to perceive the prospective development trends of constitutions, which regulate basic social relations according to the laws.
The European Union’s Southeast Enlargement
Authors: Qerimi Qerim
Published: September 2023

And, as Christopher Patten, External Relations Commissioner stated: the choice in this case is very clear: either we export stability to the Balkans, or the Balkans export instability to us. I know which I would prefer. There is one more lesson I take from the Balkans today: never, never, never give up. Because what is happening in this region today shows how it is possible to turn failed states into successful states, how it is possible to fashion hope out of despair, how it is possible to make a difference. We have a long way to go in the Balkans: but we are getting there. “The age of national states has come to an end. Everyone must feel that a change has taken place, that an era has vanished and that a new age is dawning in which men will look beyond the borders of their own country and work in fraternal co-operation with other nations for the true aims of humanity… “ Konrad Adenauer, End of Nationalism, 1955
Roma: A Challenge and Opportunity for a New EU Paradigm of Enlargement
Authors: Romanescu Salomeea
Published: September 2023

The hypothesis: for all the relative improvements in the economic and political situation of the Central and Eastern European countries, CEE countries could hardly become members of the European Union without finding solutions to the so-called “Romany problem”, from EU and CEE countries perspective. From the European Civil Society’s perspective, in the mirror, for all the progress in the economic and future political integration of European Union, European Civil Society (resistance against the coercive European Political Society) cannot accept “the embedded neo-liberalism” (the EU’s actual hegemonic Project) without finding solutions for the so-called “social fracture”(including the “Roma problem1 ”). This research is based on two theoretical perspectives: the integrative, and the neo-Gramscian one. The question is: can Romany Civil Society participate to the anti-hegemonic Project of European Civil Society, able to face the hegemonic project of European Political Society, “embedded neo-liberalism”? After examining the Romanian case study the answer is affirmative because this is one example of the efforts of the Romany Civil Society to understand their social situation and the possibilities to change it in alliance with other social forces of the Social Democratic Party. This study of the Roma’s EU integration was made from two perspectives: as a challenge but also as an opportunity for the EU enlargement, by shifting from a paternalistic policies paradigm of coercion2 or mimicry for Roma (hidden structural discrimination) towards a new and more enlightened policies paradigm3 , based more on socio-economic rights and legal status for Roma in Europe.
The Real Face Of The New World Order
Authors: Qerimi Qerim
Published: September 2023

The paper examines the main themes of the connections between globalization and terrorism that appeared in academic literature since the attacks of the September 11, 2001. The events of September 11, 2001 have had profound and far-reaching effects on the world. The fundamental issues about sovereignty and the consequences that the event of September 11th has brought to a crisis are to be addressed. The methodological principles arrived at through the discussion of contemporary theory and practice of the International Relations, which combines textual interpretation with the reference to the contemporary political developments in the world affairs. In concluding, it asserts that global terrorism depends on the success of globalization. International cooperation and multilateral efforts, however, must remain the spirit of the world to come.
Identity Construction of Graduate Students— A Diary Study of Language Majors
Authors: Tu Tongyao
Published: September 2023

The concept of "identity" has been explored in higher education literature over the past two decades, and studies have found that identities are constantly changing and developing. When students enter a new environment, they are faced with new demands. They must adjust their identity to fit the new identity requirements and simultaneously begin a series of identity transitions. While some existing international studies have used different research methods to explore the identity transition of undergraduate and graduate students from different perspectives, few studies have been conducted in China on the identity transition of first-year graduate students. To explore the identity adjustment process of Chinese first-year graduate students majoring in English, as well as influencing factors in this process, this paper uses case study from a qualitative research approach to address the above research questions. The study found that through interaction with teachers, students, and family members, students were able to better understand the demands of graduate studies and get support when they encountered problems in studies and lives, and four students attributed “academic identity” to graduate identity. At the same time, the graduate courses and related assignments helped the students to adjust to their learning process and academic identity, allowing them to acquire the necessary professional academic knowledge and develop their research skills, which were essential for building their academic/researcher identities. The study proposed that the different factors mentioned above differed in their influence on students' identity adjustment due to different individual backgrounds.
Situation and solutions to implement social security policies in Nga Son district, Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Duyen Thi , Dao Thuy Thanh
Published: September 2023

Analyze the current situation and propose solutions in the implementation of social security policies in Nga Son district, Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. 155 family support representatives who are enjoying social security policies in 3 sample units: Nga Thuy, Nga Thang and Nga Son town, the sample is taken based on general consultation and guidance of functional departments related to social security policy implementation in Nga Son district , Thanh Hoa province. Statistics and description of the actual situation of implementing social welfare policy in Nga Son district, Thanh Hoa province in terms of: job creation policy, income; social insurance policies, preferential policies and social allowances, basic social service policies. From there, propose solutions to improve the efficiency of organization and implementation of social security policies in Nga Son district, Thanh Hoa province. Conclusion: The study has successfully analyzed the actual situation of implementing social security policies in Nga Son district, Thanh Hoa province in the period of 2020-2022, specifically in the following contents: Employment, income, employment policy, social insurance, social incentives and allowances, basic social services. The policy implementation process still has a number of limitations, such as: The planning policies to organize the implementation still do not have the participation of the people in the implementation process, mainly from the top down. , there has not been much participation of policy beneficiaries. From those limitations, study the orientation of implementing social security policies in Nga Son district and propose 4 groups of possible solutions.
Molecular Basis of Host-Virus Interactions to Explain Relative Transmission and Severity Caused by Omicron and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Joshi Vinod , Shareef B.M. , Angel Bennet , Angel Annette , Joshi Ramesh , Khan Ambreen Shafaat , Khaneja Poorna , Peer Nuzhat Maqbool , Sharma Bhawna , Singh Neha , Singh Satinder Pal , Barthwal Shilpa , Tomar Komal , Yadav Kiran
Published: September 2023

In India and other affected countries, Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has shown faster transmission but less clinical severities when compared to Delta strain. Present study was aimed to investigate how molecular changes in the spike proteins of Omicron variant has increased its transmission but reduced the disease severity. We report molecular interactions of Spike proteins of Delta and Omicron variants with ACE-2 receptor to explain how change in chemical and physical nature of mutated amino acids of Omicron variant has affected the internalization competence of virus into host cell. The Research Collaboratory Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB) and Protein Data Bank (PDB) were used to construct ACE2-Spike Protein interaction. The binding affinity of both omicron and delta variant spike proteins with human ACE2 receptor was observed. Spike protein of Omicron variants has revealed total number of 93 dissimilarities of amino acids from Delta strain,15 of which are in its Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). Our study showed that RBD of Delta variant contained only one hydrophobic amino acid whereas there were 6 hydrophobic amino acids in the RBD of Omicron variant. We report that increased number of Hydrophobic Amino Acids in RBD of Omicron variant affects its binding with ACE2 receptor to enter into the cell. The failure of internalization of virus has increased concentration of extracellular virions at nasopharyngeal region leading to faster expulsion of infective droplets during coughing or sneezing to increase transmission but has reduced the severity of infection. The reported observations could prove to be of public health and therapeutic significance.
Concentration Dependent Effect of Azadirachta indica (Neem) Seed Oil and Neem Bark extract on Planktonic and Established Biofilm Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Katiyar Ravish , Khare Ekta , Kaistha Shilpa Deshpande
Published: September 2023

Azadirachta indica Juss (Neem) is well documented for its antimicrobial activity. The effect of varying concentrations (0.1 to 50% v/v) of Azadirachta indica derived neem seed oil (NSO), neem seed oil with tween 20 and neem bark extract was evaluated on planktonic, biofilm formation and mature biofilms of multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 using the crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy. NSO showed antimicrobial activity at 25% v/v for P. aeruginosa but not S. aureus in zone of inhibition assay. Neem bark extract on the contrary showed antimicrobial activity against both the isolates at 50% v/v concentrations. Interestingly, in biofilm formation assay, low concentrations of NSO (3.5 to 0.2% v/v) induced biofilm formation while inhibition of both planktonic and biofilm was seen in concentration dependent manner from 12.5% v/v onwards. Complex of NSO and tween in comparison of NSO alone caused low induction in S.aureus biofilm formation, while inhibiting biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa at all the concentrations. In biofilm eradication assay, NSO induced biofilm of both P. aeruginosa (50 to 0.1%v/v) and S. aureus (50 to 3.13%v/v). Eradication effect of neem bark extract was found on P. aeruginosa biofilm in a dose dependent fashion from 50 to 20% v/v followed by 0.2 to 0.1%v/v concentration respectively. S. aureus biofilm were eradicated at 50 to 25%v/v concentrations. At low concentrations, both the neem derivatives induced biofilm mediated growth of the pathogenic organisms. The data also indicate that neem seed oil was more effective against Gram negative P. aeruginosa while neem bark extract was effective against Gram positive S. aureus. This study highlights the crucial but variable effects of concentration dependent effect of phytochemicals and their composition on biofilm induction as well as eradication, the primary growth form in clinical settings. This challenges the notion that all herbal products are safe as antimicrobial activities differ as per microbial growth modes. Hence, concentration dependent effect of medicinal plant derived products requires thorough investigation prior to their use as antimicrobial agents.
Classifying Coffee Maturity through Convolutional Neural Networks and Transfer Learning
Authors: Swapna Dumpala , Rani Dr. V. Uma
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Honduras' vitally farming commodity is espresso. During the 2016-2017 gather, 9.5 million 46-kg sacks of espresso were sent to another country. This is around 5% of the nation's GDP (Gross domestic product) and around 30% of its agrarian Gross domestic product, and it achieves in $1 billion every year in benefits. Lately, movement issues have caused a major drop in espresso supply, leaving ranches without any laborers. Manual approaches to picking espresso consume most of the day and don't set aside cash. It could require a few days and a ton of work to grow a solitary harvest. The objective of this study is to thought of a strategy that can find and depict an espresso plant. This would assist espresso creators with setting aside cash, time, and improve items. A program was made to let know if an espresso plant was "ready" or "not ready" by utilizing a subjective methodology and a testing arrangement. The deep learning technique was instructed with 196 pictures, 108 of which were great and 88 of which were terrible.
KERAGAMAN FENOTIPE SIFAT KUANTITATIF AYAM BURGO, AYAM HUTAN MERAH, DAN AYAM KAMPUNG DI PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Rafian Teguh , Jakaria Jakaria , Ulupi Niken
Published: September 2023

The importance of a good understanding of the characteristics of animal genetic resources is very necessary to serve as a reference for decision making in livestock development and breeding programs. This study aims to identify phenotype diversity of quantitative traits of burgo chickens, red jungle fowl, and kampung chickens especially in Bengkulu, and analyze the determinants of their size and shape. The research material used was 47 burgo chickens, 9 red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus spadiceus), and 18 native chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique and the chicken taken was an adult chicken in Mukomuko Regency, North Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Tengah Regency, Bengkulu City, and Bengkulu Selatan Regency, Bengkulu Province. Based on the results, it can be concluded that: (1) burgo chicken and red jungle chicken have quantitative traits with low level of diversity (monomorphic), conversely kampung chickens having qualitative traits with high levels of diversity (polymorphic), and (2) the determinant of the size of the burgo chicken is the length of the lower thigh (male) and the length of the third toe (female), the red jungle chicken is the length of the lower thigh (male) and the length of the upper thigh (female), and the native chicken is the length of the shank, while the determinant of the shape burgo chicken is the length of the lower thigh, red jungle chicken is the length of the third toe, and the native chicken is the length of the shank.
Análise da dinâmica e especialização das atividades criativas nas capitais brasileiras e cidades criativas da Unesco
Authors: Da Silva Henrique Jonas
Published: September 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir o crescimento das atividades criativas, que fazem interface com o turismo, nas 27 capitais brasileiras e nas cidades criativas reconhecidas pela Organizaçãodas Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura de Santos (SP) e Paraty (RJ). Para tan-to, realizou-se uma aplicação estatística com dados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais de 2011 a 2020. Para comparar as potencialidades locais em diferentes períodos, optou-se pelo uso do quociente locacional, shift-share e seu desdobramento Esteban-Marquillas. Os resultados encontrados ilustram que, a partir de 2017, as taxas de encolhimento das atividades criativas foram superiores ao encolhimento das atividades convencionais. O quociente locacional elucida que não houve mudanças estruturais abruptas em termos de concentração espacial das atividades criativas, o shift-share enfatiza o agravamento do encolhimento da economia criativa, coincidindo com os períodos das crises econômicas/institucionais e de distanciamento social derivado da covid-19.
Gestão de design aplicada à prestação de serviço de tecnologia assistiva realizada por terapeutas ocupacionais: estudo de caso
Authors: AMARAL DANIELA , Schmidt Alves Díaz Merino Giselle , Pessoa da Silva Cabral Ana Karina
Published: September 2023

Este artigo teve como objetivo aplicar a gestão de design na prestação de serviço em tecnologia assistiva realizada por terapeutas ocupacionais. Trata-se de um estudo aplicado, qualitativo e exploratório-descritivo. Os procedimentos técnicos dividiram-se em dois momentos: momento1) referencial teórico, realizado por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que abordou os temas centrais gestão de design, serviço de tecnologia assistiva e terapia ocupacional; e momento 2) estudo de caso, mediante uma pesquisa aplicada que discorreu sobre a prestação de serviço em tecnologia assistiva acontecendo em âmbito acadêmico. As técnicas de coleta utilizadas foram observações sistemáticas, análise documental e grupo focal. Concluiu-se que a gestão de design aplicada contribuiu para um diagnóstico preciso que apontou fragilidades no planejamento das ações conjuntas, na comunicação e sistematização dos processos e potencialidades na atuação da equipe interdisciplinar, com o compartilhamento de saberes e tecnologias, fortalecendo as ações do serviço de tecnologia assistiva.
A Unified Topological Representation for Robotic Fleets in Agricultural Applications
Authors: Das Gautham , Cielniak Grzegorz , Heselden James , Pearson Simon , Duchetto Francesco Del , Zhu Zuyuan , Dichtl Johann , Hanheide Marc , Fentanes Jaime Pulido , Binch Adam , Hutchinson Michael , From Pal
Published: September 2023

Agricultural robots offer a viable solution to the critical challenges
of productivity and sustainability of modern agriculture. The widespread
deployment of agricultural robotic fleets, however, is still hindered by
the overall system’s complexity, requiring the integration of several
non-trivial components for the operation of each robot but also the
orchestration of robots working with each other and human workers. This
paper proposes a topological map as the unifying representation and
computational model to facilitate the smooth deployment of robotic
fleets in agriculture. This topological abstraction of the system state
results in an efficient representation of large-scale environments, but
also offers the scalable and efficient operation of the entire fleet and
allows for ex-situ modelling and analysis of operations. The practical
use of the proposed framework is demonstrated in a horticultural use
case with a fleet of robots supporting the work of human fruit pickers.
The critical components of the system are analysed and evaluated in
deployment in both realistic digital twin and real-life soft fruit farms
of different scales, demonstrating the scalability and effectiveness of
the proposed framework. The presented framework is general and should be
easy to adopt in other multi-robot/multi-human scenarios such as
warehouse logistics, cleaning and maintenance of public spaces.
Litter decomposition generates overyielding when local adaptation of saprotrophic microbes is the underlying driver
Authors: Podzikowski Laura , Duell Eric , Burrill Haley , Bever James
Published: September 2023

Decomposition facilitates the recycling of often limiting resources,
which may promote plant productivity responses to diversity, i.e.
overyielding. However, the direct relationship between decomposition and
overyielding remains underexplored in grassland diversity manipulations.
We test whether local adaptation of microbes, i.e. home-field advantage
(HFA), N-priming from plant inputs, or precipitation drive decomposition
and whether decomposition generates overyielding in an established
rainfall and diversity manipulation. Precipitation was a strong,
independent driver of decomposition. Grass diversity stimulates
decomposition, which decreased with phylogenetic dissimilarity from and
densities of the ‘home’ species, providing strong evidence HFA drives
decomposition through closely related neighbors, rather than
conspecifics. Legumes stimulate decomposition of litter carbon,
suggesting N-priming stimulates decomposition. However, decomposition
and overyielding were unrelated in legume communities and positively
related in grass communities. Combined this suggest diversity stimulates
decomposition through multiple mechanisms, but only HFA generates
overyielding through resource recycling, linking diversity with
ecosystem processes directly facilitating overyielding.
Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitimi Alanındaki Eğitsel Dijital Oyunlara Yönelik Bir Meta-Sentez Araştırması
Authors: KAÇAR Turan
Published: September 2023

Eğitsel dijital oyun, öğrencilerin öğrenmelerini kolaylaştıran etkinliklerdir. Bu araştırmanın amacı Türkiye’de 2000-2023 yılları arasında sosyal bilgiler eğitimi alanındaki eğitsel dijital oyunlara yönelik yapılan araştırmaları meta-sentez yoluyla incelemektir. Türkiye’de 2000-2023 yılları arasında sosyal bilgiler eğitimi alanında eğitsel dijital oyunlara yönelik 10 araştırmaya rastlanılması ve bu konuda meta-sentez içerikli bir araştırmaya ulaşılamaması bu araştırmanın önemini ve özgünlüğünü göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, nitel bir araştırma olup meta-sentez desenindedir. Veri toplamada ERİC, ULAKBİM, YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi, Google Akademik ve TÜBİTAK veri tabanlarından yararlanılmıştır. Veri tabanlarında “oyun, dijital oyun, eğitsel dijital oyun, meta-sentez, sosyal bilgiler” terimleri listelenmiştir. Araştırmacı, yapılan araştırmaları, “araştırmanın yılı, türü, yöntemi, deseni, veri toplama aracı, çalışma grubu ve düzeyi, analiz türü ve araştırmanın etkileri” açısından incelemiştir. Araştırma verileri betimsel içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiştir. Bulgulara göre; sosyal bilgiler eğitimi alanında eğitsel dijital oyunlara yönelik 2000-2023 yılları arasında 10 araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmaların yedisi tez, ikisi makale biri de araştırma projesidir. Sosyal bilgiler alan eğitimcilerinin sosyal bilgiler içerikli eğitsel dijital oyunlara yönelik görüşlerini içeren ve ilkokul öğrencileri üzerinde yürütülen araştırmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.