bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATIVIDADE PREDATÓRIA DE EUSEIUS CITRIFOLIUS DENMARK & MUMA (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) SOBRE TENUIPALPUS HEVEAE BAKER (ACARI: TENUIPALPIDAE)
Authors: Cardoso M.S.M. , Vieira M.R. , Figueira J.C. , Silva H.A.S.
Published: December 2020

RESUMO O ácaro-plano-vermelho-da-seringueira, Tenuipalpus heveae Baker é uma importante praga de Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex. Adr. de Juss.) Müell. Arg. Entre os ácaros predadores, Euseius citrifolius Denmark & Muma tem sido frequentemente registrado nessa cultura. Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar a atividade predatória de E. citrifolius sobre as fases de ovo, larva, ninfa e adulto de T. heveae. Os experimentos foram realizados em placas de Petri de 9 cm de diâmetro, contendo uma camada de algodão umedecido e sobre ela um disco de folha de seringueira de 2,5 cm de diâmetro, obtido de folhas naturalmente infestadas no campo. Em cada disco foram deixados vinte espécimes da fase biológica de T. heveae a ser testada, eliminando-se o restante com um estilete. Cada placa recebeu um exemplar do predador (larva, ninfa ou fêmea), proveniente de uma criação de laboratório. Para cada fase de E. citrifolius testada, foram considerados quatro tratamentos (fases de T. heveae) e vinte repetições em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. As avaliações foram realizadas após 24 horas para larvas e ninfas do predador e após 24, 48 e 72 horas para as fêmeas. Larvas e ninfas de E. citrifolius tiveram preferência por larvas de T. heveae, seguida por ninfas, ovos e adultos. Em 72 horas, cada fêmea do predador consumiu 15,0 larvas, 14,5 ninfas, 7,4 adultos ou 2,2 ovos de T. heveae. Assim, pode-se concluir que o ácaro-plano-vermelho é uma presa aceita por E. citrifolius, que apresenta preferência pelas fases de larva e ninfa.
Similar quality in chronic kidney disease multidisciplinary follow-up between kidney
Authors: Carminatti Moisés , Fernandes Natália Maria Silva , Colugnati Fernando Antonio Basile , Sanders-Pinheiro Helady
Published: December 2020

Abstract Introduction: Multidisciplinary clinics are the best approach towards Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients in pre-dialysis phases. The few studies regarding kidney transplant recipients (KTR) compare multidisciplinary and non-multidisciplinary clinics. Methods: In this study, we compared the quality of multidisciplinary CKD care between 101 KTR and 101 propensity score-matched non-transplant pre-dialysis patients (PDP). Prevalence of patients without specific treatment at any time and percent time without specific treatment for CKD complications were the main outcomes and patient and kidney function survival, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline, prevalence of CKD-related complications, and percent time within therapeutic goals were the exploratory ones. Results: Time within most goals was similar between the groups, except for diastolic blood pressure (83.4 vs. 77.3%, RR 0.92, CI 0.88-0.97, p = 0.002) and hypertriglyceridemia (67.7 vs. 58.2%, OR 0.85, CI 0.78-0.93, p < 0.001), better in non-transplant PDP, and for proteinuria (92.7 vs. 83.5%, RR 1.1, CI 1.05-1.16, p < 0.001), better in KTR. Patient survival and GFR decline were similar between the groups, although non-transplant PDP tended to progress earlier to dialysis (9.9% vs. 6.9%, HR 0.39, p = 0.07, CI 0.14-1.08). Discussion: The similar findings between non-transplant PDP and KTR suggests that good and comparable quality of multidisciplinary is a valid strategy for promoting optimal clinical management of CKD-related complications in KTR.
DA REVOLTA ÀS REGATAS: O REMO E A “RECONSTRUÇÃO” DE NITERÓI (1895-1904)
Authors: Melo Victor Andrade de
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a mobilização do esporte no processo de “reconstrução” de Niterói (1895-1904), cidade que foi muito atingida pelos conflitos da Revolta da Armada. Especificamente, são abordadas as iniciativas de agremiações náuticas, com especial interesse pelas ações do Grupo de Regatas Gragoatá e do Clube de Regatas Icaraí. Debate-se também os posicionamentos de cronistas acerca dessas atividades, suas considerações sobre a importância do remo. O recorte temporal tem em conta o período em que a modalidade esportiva náutica melhor se estruturou, chamando a atenção de lideranças intelectuais e políticas. Para o alcance desse objetivo, foram utilizados como fontes periódicos publicados em Niterói e no Distrito Federal, notadamente O Fluminense, um dos jornais mais influentes do estado do Rio de Janeiro na ocasião. Espera-se lançar um olhar original não só sobre a história do esporte, argumentando-se que a prática esteve articulada com outros âmbitos no contexto em tela, como também sobre a história de Niterói, sobre a qual poucos estudos foram desenvolvidos, a despeito de sua importância, inclusive por ter sido por décadas capital da província/estado do Rio de Janeiro (entre 1835-1893 e 1903-1974).
MANIFESTAÇÕES DA CONTRARREVOLUÇÃO MIGUELISTA NO BRASIL (1823-1834)
Authors: Gonçalves Andréa Lisly , Guimarães Nívea Carolina
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar as repercussões do miguelismo no Brasil, entre os anos de 1823 e 1834. O destaque é dado às manifestações políticas ocorridas nas províncias brasileiras nas quais aparecem referências ao Infante, posteriormente, ao rei D. Miguel, aclamado pelas cortes tradicionais do Reino, em 1828. A principal fonte utilizada foi o jornal liberal Aurora Fluminense, editada por Evaristo da Veiga. Além do Aurora, foram consultados periódicos portugueses como A Trombeta Final, a Defeza de Portugal e a Gazeta de Lisboa.
Água de reúso: uma alternativa sustentável para o Brasil
Authors: Moura Priscila Gonçalves , Aranha Felipe Nicolau , Handam Natasha Berendonk , Martin Luis Eduardo , Salles Maria José , Carvajal Elvira , Jardim Rodrigo , Sotero-Martins Adriana
Published: December 2020

RESUMO As motivações para a busca de soluções e alternativas que podem diminuir o estresse hídrico são evidentemente importantes. Mesmo que renováveis, os recursos hídricos de qualidade e potabilidade são escassos. Como alternativa, o reúso pode ajudar a diminuir o uso de águas potáveis para atividades que não necessitam de potabilidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre água de reúso a partir da definição de alternativa sustentável e racional para o uso da água. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico do período de julho a dezembro de 2017 nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MedLine), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Embase e Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Com a revisão bibliográfica foi possível identificar que o tema “reúso” vem sendo debatido para a gestão, a padronização e os riscos associados à utilização. No Brasil, não há uma legislação a nível nacional que regule o uso e determine os padrões de qualidade da água de reúso. No entanto, nas quatro regiões brasileiras foi observado que há sete estados com legislações e normas sobre o tema. Legislações internacionais apresentam uma relação abrangente de parâmetros que podem ser utilizados no debate para a legislação brasileira. Trabalhos produzidos pela comunidade acadêmica fundamentam os riscos sobre esse tipo de água. Publicações científicas sobre água de reúso devem ser estimuladas, assim como legislações mais detalhadas descrevendo os tipos de água de reúso, assim como os padrões de riscos relacionados.
Letalidade e características dos óbitos por COVID-19 em Rondônia: estudo observacional
Authors: Escobar Ana Lúcia , Rodriguez Tomás Daniel Menéndez , Monteiro Janne Cavalcante
Published: December 2020

Resumo Objetivo Descrever as características dos óbitos por COVID-19 no estado de Rondônia. Métodos Estudo descritivo, com dados do Sistema Estratégia de Informatização do Sistema Único de Saúde Vigilância Epidemiológica (E-SUS-VE), notificados entre 1º de janeiro e 20 de agosto de 2020. Foram aplicados testes estatísticos (qui-quadrado e procedimento de Marascuilo), considerando-se como diferenças significantes quando os testes apresentaram p-valor <0,05. Resultados Foram notificados 184.146 casos suspeitos, dos quais 49.804 foram confirmados como COVID-19, e 1.020 evoluíram para óbito (letalidade 2,1%). Observaram-se diferenças significantes estatisticamente entre as faixas etárias e a letalidade (p-valor <0,001); maior letalidade quanto maior a idade (procedimento de Marascuilo, significativo na comparação entre maiores de 60 anos com as demais faixas etárias); maior óbito no sexo masculino (letalidade de 2,7%); e maior letalidade entre as pessoas de cor preta (3,0%). Conclusão Em Rondônia, observou-se maior letalidade entre idosos, homens e pessoas pardas e pretas.
Polyploidy in Paullinia (Paullinieae, Sapindaceae) and its Systematic Implications
Authors: Urdampilleta Juan D. , Forni-Martins Eliana R. , Ferrucci María S.
Published: December 2020

Abstract—Chromosome counts from 23 populations of 16 species of Paullinia (Paullinieae, Sapindaceae) from South America are given. These include first counts for ten species in six of the thirteen sections of this genus. Counts of 2n = 24 for P. cristata,
P. revoluta, P. thalictrifolia, P. trigonia, P. uloptera, P. rhomboidea; 2n = 48 for P. seminuda and P. sp.; and two cytotypes of 2n = 48 and 2n = 96 for P. carpopoda and P. rubiginosa; and ca. 2n
= 216 for P. cupana var. sorbilis. The chromosome number 2n = 24 appears to be conserved for this genus, however, in this contribution polyploid series are cited for the first time for some native species. These results were interpreted in a phylogenetic context.
Ignored Biodiversity in Acid Soil Islands in Karst Areas, South China: Impatiens longlinensis (Balsaminaceae), a New Critically Endangered Species
Authors: Xue Tian-Tian , Xia Chang-Ying , Lidén Magnus , Xu Wei-Bin , Lu Zhao-Cen , Chen Hai-Ling , Li Shu-Wan , Yu Sheng-Xiang
Published: December 2020

Abstract—The karst area in South China is notable for its fragile vegetation and unique flora with many narrow endemic species, and is one of the most threatened biodiversity hotspots in the world. However, the biodiversity of acid soil areas scattered in the karst
area have previously been underestimated. With a recent increase of new discoveries of plants and animals, the conservation of biodiversity in these acid soil areas has become urgent. This study deals with a new species, Impatiens longlinensis. The new species is similar to I.
yui and I. lasiophyton in having pubescence, two lateral sepals, funnelform lower sepal, and linear capsule. But it can be distinguished by having orbicular to obovate dorsal sepals and oblong to elliptic lower and upper lobes of lateral united petals. Moreover, molecular data and
micro-morphological evidence also support that the species is new to science. The new species is only known from a valley near the summit of Mt. Jinzhongshan within an area of less than 5 km2. Based on the Red List categories and criteria developed by the International Union for
Conservation of Nature, and the threat posed by exploitation for tourism development, we categorize it as Critically Endangered (CR).
Two New Species of Pilea Lindl. (Urticaceae) from Southern Brazil
Authors: Cabral Fernando Santos , Gaglioti André Luiz , Fiaschi Pedro
Published: December 2020

Abstract—While studying Urticaceae from the southern region of Brazil, we found two new species, Pilea tenebrosa and Pilea acanthoides, which were collected in the states of Santa Catarina and Paraná, respectively. These species are
here described, illustrated, and compared to morphologically similar species. An identification key to the species of Pilea in southern Brazil also is provided.
Climatic Niche Dynamics of Three Widespread Cardiospermum (Paullinieae, Sapindaceae) Species Revealed Possible Dispersal Pathways
Authors: Coulleri Juan P. , Simelane David O. , Mawela Ketani , Ferrucci María S.
Published: December 2020

Abstract—The genus Cardiospermum comprises eight species distributed in the American continent, from central-eastern United States of America to central Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile; C. corindum, C. grandiflorum, and C. halicacabum are distributed
worldwide. How these species spread to the African continent from the Americas and from Africa to the rest of the world remains to be understood. Two hypotheses were tested in this study: the species would have colonized the African continent either naturally, through extreme long-distance
dispersal, or via human activities. Our work considers the niche conservatism principle, which states that a species tends to retain aspects of its fundamental niche over space and time; however, a deviation (i.e. niche shift) may be detected, indicating that the ecological and evolutionary
traits of the species change in response to environmental modifications. We compared the niche of each of the three species based on their known occurrences, both in the Americas and in the rest of the world, and on climatic variables. We performed an environmental niche modelling analysis
for three periods: Holocene, Last Glacial Maximum, and the present. In addition, a Principal Components Analysis of climatic variables associated with known occurrences was performed through the COUE scheme. Our results suggest an early migration of C. corindum and C. halicacabum
from the Americas to Africa; therefore, these two species would be native to these ranges, as proposed in previous studies. In addition, a recent introduction event of C. grandiflorum to Africa, and from Africa to India, Asia, and Oceania, was detected, which confirms the invasive status
of this species outside the Americas.
A New Endangered Species of Tragia (Euphorbiaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Freire de Sá Cordeiro Wesley Patrício , Maria Athiê-Souza Sarah , Laurênio de Melo André , Ferreira de Sales Margareth
Published: December 2020

Abstract—A new species (Tragia hoffmanniae) found only in the Atlantic Forest in the state of Bahia (northeastern Brazil) is presented here, with descriptions of its morphology and pollen grains; illustrations, maps, and geographical and morphological
comments are also provided. The species differs from other Tragia sect. Tragia taxa in having leaves with an elliptic to lanceolate blade, caudate apex, and entire margin. A comparative table is provided to distinguish the new species from other Tragia species in the Atlantic
Forest.
Positive Criminology in a Fight for the Human Being
Authors: Nomokonov Vitaly , Sudakova Tatyana
Published: December 2020

Directions for the development of modern criminology, as well as the predicted trends of its future shape, are determined by social processes. A rapid development of convergence technology, as a phenomenon of a new type that is the result of the integration of sciences and the emergence of the techno-science uniting many aspects of natural sciences and technology where knowledge is society- and practice-oriented, set new goals for criminology. The achievement of these goals should be methodologically and practically «innovatively interwoven» within the general context of scientific and social development. The problem of basic premises that should be used as guiding principles for the development of criminology requires an urgent solution. Positive criminology, in the system of leading goalposts that determine, among other things, the essence of its methodological basis, should be based on the principles of convergence, universal humanism and non-violent conflict resolution, creation of a healthy society, patriotism, realistic philosophy, it should preserve the traditions of the past and be ahead of modern trends. The question of outlining the subject of new criminology is complicated and unclear due to the singularity of transformational technologies themselves. At the same time, the development of criminological mentality should be based on the necessity to adapt it to the criminal and technological threats of a new type, which are highly probable to spread uncontrollably. Convergence technologies simultaneously produce a multitude of complex socio-humanitarian problems - preservation of humans, improvement of the human potential and the standard of living - that should be solved by criminology from the standpoint of improving its quality and creating an adequate content of its future basics.
Los imaginarios populares sobre México en Corea del Sur
Authors: Ryzhkov Andrii , López Rocha Nayelli
Published: December 2020

El análisis de la imagen pública forma parte del proceso de gestión de la imagen de nación en el exterior. Su importancia se torna esencial para que pueda entenderse la eficiencia de la política hacia la nación de destino, reflexionar en torno a las señales no deseadas para desarrollar, a partir de estas, las estrategias del posicionamiento en la sociedad del país-socio. Por este motivo, los sondeos de la opinión pública constituyen elementos clave para lograr fines específicos deseados en otras sociedades. La presente investigación brinda datos valiosos para indagar en las percepciones populares sobre México en Corea como uno de los ejes centrales del posicionamiento del país latinoamericano en la sociedad asiática. El análisis de las respuestas permite revelar elementos enriquecedores que no salen a la luz en las imágenes de los medios de comunicación.
Education: Personality, Specialist and the State Development
Authors:   North Caucasus Federal University,  Stavropol, Russia, Drozdova A. M.
Published: December 2020

The article examines some significant aspects of the impact of information communication technologies on education, legal awareness and legal culture of training students in Russia from the perspective of modern approaches and legal understanding. Different approaches and views of scientists on the place and role of education in modern forms and its impact on the development of the state are analyzed. The practical importance and application of the results of comparative legal research is also seen as a study of the moral and patriotic aspects of the legal consciousness of young people in education. The position is discussed that there is a need to accept education in the system of values of development and prosperity of the state, perceiving education as a resource for the creation of human capital.
Isolation of live single cells from intestinal biopsy v1
Authors: Karakasheva Tatiana , E Hamilton Kathryn
Published: December 2020

This protocol describes dissociation of a human intestinal biopsy tissue into single cells, followed by depletion of dead cells via annexin V MACS beads. The outcome is a single-cell suspension with viability ≥ 90% that is used for single-cell sequencing or establishemt of enteroid/colonoid culture.
Coronavirus Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) operation protocol v2 v2
Authors: he peijun
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) operation protocol
Relaciones alométricas en estadios tempranos de la especie Brycon moorei Steindachner (Characidae), en condiciones controladas
Authors: David-Ruales Carlos Arturo , Machado-Fracalossi Débora , Betancur-Gonzalez Eliana Marcela , Rodríguez-Franco Nicolás , Castañeda-Álvarez Germán , Florez-Restrepo Cesar , Vásquez-Torres Walter
Published: December 2020

Para Brycon moorei, los datos sobre morfometría, en estados iniciales del desarrollo, son inexistentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer las principales relaciones alométricas en los estadios tempranos de B. moorei. Se analizaron 12 variables merísticas en un tiempo experimental que transcurrió desde la eclosión hasta los 15 días post-eclosión. En el estadio larval vitelino (LV) se registró, en promedio: longitud total (LT) de 4,74 ± 0,05 mm; longitud estándar (LE) de 4,21 ± 0,07 mm; longitud del hocico (SnL) 0,3 ± 0,01; diámetro del ojo (ED) 0,37 ± 0,007 mm; longitud de la cabeza (HL) 1,02 ± 0,04 mm; altura de la cabeza (HH) 0,88 ± 0,069 mm; altura del cuerpo (BH) 1,26 ± 0,01 mm; longitud hocico-aleta pectoral (SnPF) 1,35 ± 0,034; ausencia de aletas pélvicas, anales y dorsal y el peso fue de 1,8 ± 0,2 mg. En la etapa juvenil (J), las medidas fueron: LT de 25,66 ± 0,64 mm; LE de 21,49 ± 0,63 mm; SnL de 1,69 ± 0,059 mm; ED de 1,71 ± 0,048 mm; HL de 6,33 ± 0,21 mm; HH de 4,89 ± 0,47 mm; BH de 6,13 ± 0,17 mm; SnPF de 6,48 ± 0,19 mm; SnPeF de 10,83 ± 0,28 mm; SnDF de 11,16 ± 0,33 mm; Sn-AF de 3,68 ± 0,34 mm; el peso fue de 221,6 ± 15,84 mg. Para LV, el número de miómeros pre-anales fue 28,65 ± 4,7; los post-anales fueron 23,85 ± 4,27, con un total de 52,47 ± 8,34; para J los miómeros no fueron visibles. Esta información es fundamental para fines ecológicos y productivos en B. moorei.
Diversidad y composición de Odonata asociadas con diferentes condiciones de la vegetación riparia a lo largo de un arroyo en Paicol-Huila, Colombia
Authors: Cuellar-Cardozo Jose Alejandro , Castro-Rebolledo María Isabel , Jaramillo M. Alejandra
Published: December 2020

El proceso de fragmentación, a consecuencia de las actividades humanas, ha modificado la diversidad de los ecosistemas acuáticos y riparios, especialmente en áreas como bosques secos tropicales que, en Colombia, son zonas en peligro de desaparecer dentro de pocos años. Ante esta situación, la diversidad y la composición de los insectos Odonata, que están influenciadas por factores abióticos, podrían ser excelentes herramientas para comprender el estado ambiental actual. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de este estudio fue observar los cambios en la diversidad y la composición de Odonata, en diferentes condiciones de la vegetación riparia, a lo largo de un arroyo, en un remanente de bosque seco. Al mismo tiempo, se plantea la hipótesis de que existen diferencias, en la diversidad y composición de Odonata, a lo largo del sistema. Para esto, se muestrearon larvas y adultos de odonatos y se determinaron las variables ambientales a lo largo de cuatro estaciones de muestreo dentro de un mismo arroyo, con diferente vegetación ribereña, en cuatro periodos durante un año. Se recolectó un total de 272 especímenes correspondientes a 16 especies. Se observaron variaciones en la composición de Odonata, señaladas en los registros de especies y en el índice de similitud. Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias significativas en la diversidad de odonatos. En cuanto a la fisicoquímica del arroyo, se notó una variación espacial en la conductividad y la concentración de nutrientes y una variación temporal en el pH y la temperatura. A manera de conclusión, se exponen cambios en la composición de Odonata, en concordancia con la vegetación riparia, durante el año de muestreo.
FAMÍLIA E ESCOLA DA CRIANÇA COM DEFICIÊNCIA: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Moura Eliana Perez Gonçalves de , Costa Neli Terezinha , Barcelos Anna Regina Grings
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta um estudo bibliográfico, do tipo revisão integrativa, com coleta de dados realizada a partir de fontes secundárias, cujo objetivo foi identificar e analisar dissertações e teses sobre os temas família, deficiência e escola. A coleta dos dados foi realizada em novembro de 2018 de forma online. O material foi selecionado na base de dados da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) a partir do cruzamento dos termos de busca em todos os campos. Os estudos aqui analisados nos instigaram a problematizar os desafios, contradições, e percepções sobre o tema inclusão escolar e nos permitiram destacar alguns pontos críticos que ainda estão presentes nesse campo que se expressam, por exemplo, na falta comunicação entre as áreas médicas, sociais, psicológicas, pedagógicas e familiares, para que estes saberes se integrem, proporcionando avanços educacionais e de fato uma escola para todos.
The Effect of Post-Weld Heat Treatment Temperature on the Structure and Hardness of Joints Made in Steel 10CrMoVNb9-1
Authors: Kotarska Aleksandra , Górka Jacek , Walczak Tomasz
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the effect of annealing temperature applied during heat treatment as well as the suitability of preheating before the welding of butt joints in pipes (having a diameter of 33.7 mm and a wall thickness of 4.5 mm) made of steel X10CrMoVNb9-1 (P91). In the article, the structure and properties of a joint subjected to heat treatment performed in accordance with manufacturing standards concerning power unit elements are compared with those of a joint not subjected to heat treatment. The welding process discussed in the paper was based on the TIG method and involved the use of filler metal Thermanit MTS 3 (W Cr Mo 91). The material of steel X10CrMoVNb9-1 after welding and not subjected to heat treatment is both very hard and brittle. Because of the fact that the power engineering steel of the above-presented characteristics cannot be exposed to the effect of a high-pressure and high-temperature medium (due to possible crack formation), the welding of such steel should be followed by appropriate post-weld heat treatment.
Problems Accompanying Repairs of Chemical Equipment
Authors: Tasak Edmund , Ziewiec Aneta
Published: December 2020

The paper presents problems experienced during repairs of structures operated at high temperature for a long time. Research-related TOFD method-based ultrasonic tests revealed indications implying the presence of unacceptable imperfections in welded joints. Attempted repairs involving the use of welding methods proved ineffective as the welding and heat treatment processes resulted in the formation of cracks. The tests and analysis of the above-named issue revealed that the reason for repair-related problems lay in relaxation cracks triggered by excessively high stresses in the joints and improper parameters of heat treatment to which the steel of the boiler was subjected. The welding technology developed as a result of the study enabled the performance of the proper repair of related equipment and made it possible to re-start the production.
Assement and Interventions of Social Capital among Primitive Tribal Communitites in India
Authors: Ashifa Dr. K. M.
Published: December 2020

Social capital has been described differently by various researchers, depending on how they concentrate on social capital's functions, outcomes, sources or impacts. According to Robert Putnam (1993) “social capital refers to the collective value of all 'social network' and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other”. The tribal communities in India are in different stages of transition. Their unique system of living, tradition and customs differentiate one tribe from another. They are spread over in different geographical regions of the country. The present study will contribute towards understanding the role of social capital in influencing these outcomes, allowing tribal societies to respond faster to change than those with a certain number of resources. And it also intended to suggest the strategies to enhance the social capital among the Irula tribes in Tamil Nadu.
Aproximación a la correspondencia como fuente para el estudio del clima: la necesidad de un análisis léxico
Authors: Andreu Candela Irene
Published: December 2020

RESUMENLos epistolarios se han convertido en los últimos años en una de las diversas fuentes utilizadas en el estudio del clima del pasado, sin embargo, han sido pocos los estudios dedicados a este tipo de información a pesar del potencial que tienen. Este artículo pretende demostrar las posibilidades investigadoras de la correspondencia privada, en este caso la mantenida entre Carlos III y Bernardo Tanucci, comprobando en qué contexto aparecen estas referencias e incidiendo en la importancia de estudiar el lenguaje utilizado para describir los fenómenos meteorológicos.PALABRAS CLAVECorrespondencia, clima, Pequeña Edad del Hielo, análisis de contenido, Carlos III. TITLEAn approach to correspondence as a source for climate research: the need of a lexical analysisABSTRACTThe correspondence has become in recent years one of the different sources used in climate research, however, few studies have been dedicated to this kind of information contained in the letters despite the potential they have. This article aims to demonstrate the investigative possibilities of private correspondence, in this case the one maintained between Carlos III and Bernardo Tanucci, checking in what context these references appear in the eighteenth-century epistolary exchanges, as well as stress the importance of studying the language used to describe meteorological phenomena.KEY WORDSCorrespondence, climate, Little Ice Age, content analysis, Carlos III.
Stock prices, uncertainty and risks: Evidence from developing and advanced economies
Authors: Sánchez Gabarre Mary Elena
Published: December 2020

This paper studies the relationship between stock prices and three types of uncertainty: economic policy uncertainty, stock market volatility, and geopolitical risks. In particular, our aim is to determine whether these forms of uncertainty play the same role in developed and developing countries. With this purpose, we take Spain and Brazil as representative cases. In order to provide new insights into the abovementioned relationship, a cointegration approach is applied, specifically an ARDL model, using monthly data from the period January 2006-December 2019 for a series of financial and macroeconomic variables. The results obtained reveal that there is no uniform effect of uncertainty in stock markets of developing and developed countries. First, in Spain, there is a high perception of uncertainty in economic policy and stock market volatility, which impact negatively in share prices, both in the short and long term. Regarding Brazil, the global uncertainty in the stock markets has effects on share prices, in both time horizons. By contrast, geopolitical risks do not show any significant impact on Brazilian and Spanish share returns.
Faith Community and Campus Engagement in Immigrant Integration
Authors: Filomeno Felipe
Published: December 2020

Immigration is one of the most contentious topics in contemporary American politics. This study presents the planning, implementation and evaluation of a program of faith community dialogues on immigration developed in partnership between a public university, a faith-based group of volunteers, and Catholic congregations. Based on data from dialogue transcriptions, exit questionnaires completed by participants, observation notes, and reflections shared by students and faith community leaders, the study shows the outcomes of the program for the congregations, the volunteer group, the students, and the faculty leader. The volunteer group was able to launch a new program that helped immigrant and US-born members of faith communities develop feelings of mutual understanding and collaboration. Students had the opportunity to learn research skills and better understand people’s perspectives on immigration and race. The faculty leader produced community-based scholarship that otherwise would not have been possible. The study concludes that cumulative collaborative learning, the inclusion of a religious dimension, and support from faith leaders are key for the success of partnerships between university and faith-based actors.
Promoting Public Good and Wellness from the Perspective of a Midwestern Regional Baptist Church Community-led Research Engagement Partnership
Authors: Johnson Rebecca , Ingram Diana , Davis Paris , Gordon Simon
Published: December 2020

Faith-based communities supporting diverse and underserved communities are increasingly being recognized by researchers as community “anchor institutions” and equitable partners in research engagement. Research suggests that faith-based organizations (FBOs) can promote health and well-being within congregations and throughout communities. This evidence has energized community-academic partnerships to collaboratively support FBOs in plans to improve community wellbeing and health equity, particularly within communities of color. This paper describes the evolution of a community-academic collaboration led by a Full Gospel Midwest Regional Baptist Church where the co-partners professed a commitment to advancing the public good through collaborative governance and shared goal setting in the delivery of an engagement training program. Core features highlighted are: (1) establishing a Community Advisory Board; (2) developing a research engagement training program; and (3) analyses, results, and legacy. Extension of the church-led mission to lead research engagement connects leaders and communities to resources and scientific expertise in support of the data needs and aspirations of faith-based communities. As research-ready partners, faith-based communities have the capacity to function as localized anchors to drive urban health policy and to serve as advocates by being the “voice” in community-driven research engagement for “public good.”
Using Circles to Cope with the Eruption of Volcán de Fuego un Guatemala
Authors: Tello Miguel , García Flor
Published: December 2020

On June 3, 2018 the Volcán de Fuego (Fire Volcano) in Guatemala erupted killing 300 people and leaving close to two thousand people homeless and relocated to temporary shelters.  Lava flows buried the towns of Alotenango and San Miguel Los Lotes.  El Rodeo was also highly impacted.
 
The government, NGO and international response was focused on relocating villagers to safe locations and providing health care, medicines and food, as well as initiating a formal plan to move entire communities that would not be able to live in those high-risk areas again.
 
However, the emergency response made no effort to listen to the people affected by the eruption or to provide them with a space where they could find emotional support and release some of the emotions around the trauma they suffered.  Asociación para el Liderazgo en Guatemala (ALG), a local NGO that trains NGO leaders in the country, offered an intervention that provided a space for both people displaced by the eruption and emergency response teams to find support in the use of restorative circles.  This article will examine ALG´s intervention and offer some lessons learned about providing circles to people affected by natural disaster and how this can be helpful in coping with the aftermath of such a traumatic event.
Faith and Community Engagement at Anchor Institutions
Authors: Green Patrick M. , Stewart Cynthia , Bergen Daniel , Nayve Chris
Published: December 2020

In a year that has featured a global health pandemic, a racial justice political-social movement, and a divisive political election that stretches democratic principles, the topic of faith and community engagement may seem more prescient than ever. The exploration of the intersection of faith and community engagement at anchor institutions, though, began prior to all of these events. Yet, the topics that emerge in this special issue of Metropolitan Universities journal are even more relevant in our current context, as scholars, practitioners, and community partner co-authors explore the relationship between faith traditions and engagement in the community.
            As we framed this special issue as an editorial team, faith initiatives were initially broadly interpreted and all faith traditions were encouraged and considered (including, but not limited to, Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist, and Hindu). Faith was loosely defined as a religious historical tradition and set of beliefs centered on a higher power. Faith-based organizations were generally communicated as religiously-affiliated colleges and universities, while faith-based initiatives included programs that were religiously affiliated. This special issue focuses on the intersection of faith and community engagement, specifically how they inform each other and the relationship between them at anchor institutions.
Rol de la Red de Laboratorios de Fabricación Digital (Fab Lab) de la Universidad Continental en la lucha contra la COVID-19
Authors: Cerrón Salcedo Juan , Curioso Vilchez Walter
Published: December 2020

La rápida propagación del COVID-19 provocó un déficit global de equipos de equipos de protección personal e insumos esenciales que afectó a muchos países en el mundo, entre ellos el Perú. Como respuesta a esta necesidad, un número sin precedentes de instituciones comenzaron a utilizar herramientas de fabricación digital para producir artículos críticos. Estas comunidades se movilizaron como parte de un movimiento global para producir, de manera innovadora, implementos muy necesarios, como mascarillas, protectores faciales, dispositivos y ventiladores. En El rol de la Red de Laboratorios de Fabricación Digital de la Universidad Continental (FabLab UC) en la lucha contra la COVID-19 presentamos la experiencia de proyectos basados en fabricación digital para enfrentar a la pandemia por la COVID-19 en la Universidad Continental (UC). En el libro se discute cómo revoluciona la fabricación digital en los procesos formativos de los estudiantes de la UC, adoptando un nuevo enfoque “la fabricación personal” donde se dota a los estudiantes con habilidades de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial, que rompe los paradigmas de la fabricación tradicional, dando un giro a una fabricación digital distribuida, donde solo se intercambia información digital que se materializa oportunamente en una red de laboratorios de fabricación digital (Fab Labs), constituido por cuatro laboratorios ubicados en Huancayo, Lima, Arequipa y Cusco. La red Fab Lab UC está conectada a la Red Global de Fab Labs en el mundo lo cual nos permite acceder a información digital liberada y temporalmente adelantada. El libro demuestra que la integración de la academia y el entorno pueden generar contribuciones significativas y de manera oportuna. Se destaca la fabricación digital distribuida, la participación del Fab Lab en la malla curricular de los programas académicos, el proceso de virtualización en el marco de la pandemia por la #COVID-19, y el rol de la colaboración internacional que combina el capital humano y las necesidades del entorno, destacando el importante rol de formar estudiantes motivados, empoderados y lo fundamental de contar con un equipo humano especializado para acompañar los procesos operativos y de transferencia de conocimientos y habilidades a los estudiantes.
Pensando sobre o Uso das Tecnologias na Formação de Professores no Contexto EaD
Authors: Schelesky Paulo Sergio , Pereira Ana Lúcia , Grossi Luciane
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta o resultado de uma pesquisa que tem como objetivo desvelar se, e como, os professores formados no contexto EaD se apropriam do uso das tecnologias digitais. A pesquisa é de natureza quanti-qualitativa e os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários eletrônicos e os sujeitos participantes foram 22 egressos do Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática na modalidade EaD de uma Universidade Estadual de Paraná. Os dados foram organizados e analisados por meio de Análise Textual Discursiva e Análise de Clusters de onde foi possível identificarmos dois clusters principais. Nossos resultados apontam que há indícios de incorporação do uso das tecnologias digitais na prática docente dos sujeitos do cluster 1. Acreditamos que isso foi evidenciado principalmente, porque esses egressos iniciaram o curso de licenciatura com o desejo de ser professor e por exercerem o ofício da docência, ao contrário dos sujeitos do clusters 2.
Palavras-chave: Formação de professores de matemática. Tecnologia. EaD. Habitus.
COVID‐19 and the Case for a National Food Emergency Stockpile
Authors: Davis Maggie , Squires Netta , Webster Chris
Published: December 2020

Food insecurity in the United States is not a new challenge, but the coronavirus pandemic has revealed that the current system to support Food Assistance Providers (FAPs) is incredibly brittle and vulnerable to supply chain disruptions. Many FAPs use just‐in‐time models to support their operations, relying heavily on donations from restaurants and grocers. However, COVID‐19 has demonstrated that when a disaster causes increased food demand and widespread destabilization of food supply chains, jurisdictions are severely constrained from obtaining and delivering food to populations in need. Recent events have further amplified a potential danger to current food security strategies in terms of regions experiencing multiple events, such as a pandemic coupled with hurricanes, wildfires, or other catastrophes.

After exploring the current governmental food security measures, their long‐term deficiencies, and other lessons learned through the COVID‐19 response, we call for a major policy shift in how the country addresses food insecurity following a disaster. Rather than relying on after‐the‐fact spending and hastily created infrastructure, the nation should proactively stockpile shelf‐stable food. To this end, we propose establishing a national stockpile of shelf‐stable foods to help protect against future food supply destabilization.
How Nuclear Power Can Transform Electric Grid and Critical Infrastructure Resilience
Authors: Greene Sherrell R.
Published: December 2020

No element of a nation's Critical Infrastructure (CI) is more essential than the electric Grid—the system that generates and delivers electricity to power homes, businesses, industry, other Critical Infrastructure, and a nation's Strategic Asset Supply Chains (SASCs). Grid resilience—the Grid's ability to anticipate, absorb, adapt to, and recover from major disruptions, and to rapidly restore electric service in the wake of them—is a matter of paramount importance. This paper examines the potential for nuclear power (and particularly the development of a new generation of resilient Nuclear Power Plants, or “rNPPS”) to transform Grid, CI, and SASC resilience via deployment of rNPPs in resilient Critical Infrastructure Islands, or “rCIIs.” The nature of society's dependence on electricity and the Grid that generates and delivers electricity to consumers is briefly examined. The scope of natural hazards and malevolent human threats to the Grid are summarized. The concept of Grid resilience is next introduced. The role of current‐generation nuclear power plants in the Grid and in achieving Grid resilience is assessed. The two defining attributes and Six Functional Requirements of resilient Power Plants (rPPs) and resilient Nuclear Power Plants (rNPPs) are presented. Next, the results of a small survey and preliminary evaluation of the resilience attributes of some new Small Modular Reactor (SMR) and Micro Modular Reactor (MMR) nuclear power plant concepts are described. It is concluded that some SMR and MMR concepts are likely to exhibit some or all of the Six Functional Requirements of rNPPs. Barriers to development and deployment of rCIIs and rNPPs are briefly summarized. Finally, a few recommendations for efforts that can refine our understanding of the efficacy of rNPPs and rCIIs, and enable their development and deployment, are offered.
The COVID‐19 Pandemic: Energy Market Disruptions and Resilience
Authors: Gilbert Alexander Q. , Bazilian Morgan D.
Published: December 2020

Direct risks and indirect effects from the COVID‐19 pandemic have impacted the operations and resilience of global energy markets. This article considers several aspects of the impacts and responses of these markets as well as energy sector resilience. All major energy markets have been affected, with unprecedented decreases in oil and natural gas demand, alongside operational stress for electric systems. Construction, maintenance, and operations in the industry face personnel constraints and limitations. Meanwhile, the disruptions from public health measures have tested the market's abilities to reliably manage severe demand destruction. Moving forward, there is a need to include demand shocks within energy resilience planning frameworks, and to prepare for multiple concurrent crises.
Synthesis and Heterocyclization of 4-Hydroxy-3 - ((2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex1-en-1-yl) (aryl) methyl) -2H-chromen-2-ones
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kostritskiy Alexander Yu. , Nakonechnikova Marina G. ,   Saratov State University, Fedotova Olga V. ,   Saratov State University, Pchelintseva Nina V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: December 2020

The possibility of obtaining asymmetric 1,5-diketones based on 4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one and dimedone by three-component condensation in the presence of L-proline as a catalyst is shown. As a result, a series of 4-hydroxy3 - ((2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex1-en-1-yl) (aryl) methyl) -2H-chromen-2-ones was obtained with a yield of 25 up to 73%. The study revealed that the highest yield was observed for compounds containing fragments of ortho-substituted aldehydes capable of forming a hydrogen bond. For meta- and para-substituted – the lowest yield was observed. In the case of ortho-substitution this can be probably explained due to the stabilization of the intermediate complex by two intramolecular hydrogen bonds, which makes it possible to selectively obtain only one final product – 4-hydroxy-3 -((2-hydroxy4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex-1- en-1-yl) (aryl) methyl) -2Hchromen-2-one. The structure of the obtained products was confirmed by 1 H, 13C NMR, HSQC, HMBC spectroscopy. Considering the 1,5-diketone fragment for the above-described compounds, the possibility of their O-heterocyclization by propionic anhydride was suggested. Boiling 4-hydroxy-3 - ((2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-6-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl) (aryl) methyl) -2Hchromen-2-ones in anhydride medium for an hour resulted in obtaining a series of 7- (aryl) -10,10-dimethyl-7,9,10,11-tetrahydro-6H, 8H-chromeno [4,3-b] chromene-6,8-diones. Their structure was also confirmed by 1 H, 13C NMR, HSQC, HMBC spectroscopy.
Chromatographical Analysis of Meldonium with Preliminary Concentration by Solid-Phase Extraction on Magnetite Nanoparticles
Authors:   Saratov State University, Sumina Elena G. , Reshetnikova Irina S. ,   Saratov State Art Museum named after A. N. Radishchev, Uglanova Varseniya Z. ,   Saratov State University, Yurasov Nikolay A. ,   Saratov State University
Published: December 2020

A comprehensive method for meldonium analysis, based on a combination of magnetic solid-phase concentration of the analyte on magnetite nanoparticles modified with cetylammonium bromide (CTAB) cations and its subsequent analysis by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) were developed in the process of study. The influence of a number of factors on meldonium sorption was studied, namely: pH, sorbent mass, sorption and mixing times; optimal extraction conditions were determined. It was found that quantitative sorption proceeded in 20 min with a meldonium extraction degree of 88%. Ethanol was found to be an eluent to desorb the analyte by 95%. The calibration dependences plotted with and without concentration of meldonium were compared. It was established that the use of concentration on two mg of CTAB-modified nanomagnetite reduces the lower limit of the analyzed contents of meldonium in 25 ml of solution by 5 times.