bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quaternary murids (Rodentia: Muridae) from Buka Island, Papua New Guinea, with descriptions of two new species.
Authors: Flannery T.F. , Wickler S.
Published: September 2021

The remains of six murid species have been recovered from late Pleistocene/Holocene sediments from Kilu rockshelter, Buka Island, northern Solomons. Three of these species (Solomys ponceleti, S. salebrosus and Melomys bougainville, which is here confirmed as being distinct from M. rufescens) are still extant and are endemic to the islands of Buka, Bougainville, and Choiseul (S. salebrosus only). A further two species (S. spriggsarum and M. spechti) are described here as new, and are apparently extinct. The final species, Rattus exulans, is represented only in level 3 of the site, which is disturbed, and may date from anywhere between 6680 ybp and the present. The extinction of S. spriggsarum and M. spechti probably occurred between about 6670 and 1860 ybp, and may have been caused by the introduction of dogs, pigs, other rats and cuscus to the Solomons.
Distribution and abundance of kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) at the time of European contact: Tasmania.
Authors: Barker R.D. , Caughley G.
Published: September 2021

The Eastern Grey Kangaroo Macropus giganteus originally extended from the River Forth in the northwest to the east coast and south to North West Bay. It occurred on both sides of the Derwent River upstream beyond New Norfolk and into the central highlands along the Ouse and Shannon Rivers to the Great Lake, Lake Echo and Arthur's Lakes. Its highest density was probably in the coastal areas of the northeast and in the Norfolk Plains areas of the Macquarie and South Esk Rivers. Its present range comprises islands within that original range, augmented by a few populations established by translocation.
Diet of the Mountain Pygmy-possum, Burramys parvus (Marsupialia: Burramyidae) and other small mamma ls in the alpine environment at Mt Higginbotham, Victoria.
Authors: Mansergh I. , Baxter B. , Scotts D. , Brady T. , Jolley D.
Published: September 2021

The diets of Burramys parvus, Rattus fuscipes and Antechinus swainsonii in Podocarpus lawrencei heathland in alpine Victoria during the non-winter period were determined from analysis of 264 faecal pellets. Both frequency of occurrence and mean percentage composition of dietary items in the samples were determined; the Iatter being used to assess the diet. We found B. parvus to be an omnivore concentrating on insec ts. It eats a variety of foods but the Bogong Moth (Agrolis infusa) is heavily exploited (31 % of the composition of faecal samples) especially by females during the breeding season (46 %). Other components of the diet are other invertebrates, predominantly insects (32 %) and vegetative material (16 %). Seasonal differences in the composition of the diet of B. parvus were due to the exploitation of fruit in the non-breeding season. No differences in diet were observed between age-classes and the sexes but females are sedentary in food resource-rich habitats, whilst when not breeding, males occur in areas of poorer food resources. Circumstantial evidence suggests that during facultative hibernation a major dietary component of B. parvus may be seeds, cached from the previous summer-autumn. The diet of R. fuscipes consists mainly of insects (12 %) and the largest vegetative component was seeds (10.1 %). Fungi were found in 53 % of faecal samples of R. fuscipes but could not be quantified as a percentage composition of diet. The species is classified as a selective omnivore. The diet of A. swainsonii consisted of 68 % in sec ts, 10.4 % of insect setae and worms with the major vegetative component (5.2 %) being soft fruits. Burramys parvus, relative to the other small mammals with which it cohabits, has become a specialist in exploiting the abundant and rich food resource of Bogong moths.
Diets of wild canids and foxes in East Gippsland 1983–1987, using predator scat analysis.
Authors: Brown G.W.
Published: September 2021

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Viability of using faecal pellet counts for estimating Parma Wallaby, Macropus parma (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) density.
Authors: Read DG. , Fox B J.
Published: September 2021

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Observations on an apparent mating sequence in three Southern Right Whales, Eubalaena australis (Cetacea: Balaenidae).
Authors: Burnell A.F. , Burnell S.R. , Tagg M.
Published: September 2021

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Taxonomic revision of the Thylogale brunii complex (Macropodidae: Marsupialia) in Melanesia, with description of a new spcies.
Authors: Flannery T.F.
Published: September 2021

Three species are recognised among material previously referred to as Thylogale brunii. Thylogale brunii as newly defined here is distributed at low elevations in sourhern New Guinea, and inhabits areas with a marked dry season and a savannah-forest ecotone. Thylogate browni includes two subspecies: T. b. lanatus from subalpine grasslands above 3000 m on the Huon Peninsula, and T. b. browni from the Bismarck Archipelago and central-eastern New Guinea, where it occurs from the Cyclops Mountains in the West to the Bulolo area in the east at altitudes up to 2000 m. lt prefers disturbed habitats. Thylogale calobyi n. sp. is restricted to subalpine grasslands along the Central Cordillera at above 3000 m in Papua New Guinea. All three species seem to be sensitive to hunting pressure, with local extinctions being recorded for T. brunii and T. browni in historic times, and a prehistoric extinction for a population of uncertain status from subalpine grasslands in Irian Jaya.
Identification of rock wallabies in the Warburton region of Western Australia, as Petrogale lateralis MacDonnell Ranges race
Authors: Eldridge M.D.B. , Bell J.N. , Pearson D. , Close R.L.
Published: September 2021

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Observations on prey detection by the bandicoots Isoodon obesulus and Perameles gunnii (Marsupialia: Peramelidae).
Authors: Quin D.G.
Published: September 2021

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Records of subantarctic fur seals Arctocephalus tropicalis in Australia.
Authors: Gales N.J. , Coughran D.K. , Queale L.F.
Published: September 2021

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A second record of Syconycteris carolina rozendaal, 1984 with notes on habitat and biology.
Authors: Flannery T.F.
Published: September 2021

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A red kangaroo, Macropus rufus, recovered 25 years after marking in north-western New South Wales.
Authors: Bailey P. , Best L.
Published: September 2021

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Book Review: James Menzies, 1991. A handbook of new guinea marsupials and monotremes. Kristen Pres Inc: Madang, PNG.
Authors: Fisher D.O.
Published: September 2021

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Echolocation calls from six species of microchiropteran bats in south-eastern Queensland.
Authors: Jones G. , Corben C.
Published: September 2021

Echolocation calls were recorded from six species of microchiropteran bats (Rhinolophus megaphyllus, Miniopterus australis, M. schreibersii, Eptesicus pumilus, Chalinolobus gouldii and Scotorepens greyii) in the Brisbane area. All species were recorded in free-flight when searching for prey in the wild, with some also recorded in roosts and in the hand. Sonagrams are presented for use in species identification.
Presumed Lagenorhynchus skull at Tasmanian Museum reidentified as Lissodelphis peronii.
Authors: Van Waerebeek K.
Published: September 2021

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Reproduction and growth to sexual maturity in the rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) in captivity.
Authors: Lundie-Jenkins G.
Published: September 2021

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Identification of a rock-wallaby population from 'Lawn Hill', northwest Queensland, as Petrogale lateralis purpureicollis: a significant range extension.
Authors: Eldridge M.D.B. , Johnson P.M. , Clancy T.F. , Close RL .
Published: September 2021

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Carbon dioxide as an anaesthetic agent for use on the brushtail possum Trichosurus vulpecula (Marsupialia: Phalangeridae).
Authors: Jolly S.E.
Published: September 2021

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The delicate mouse, Pseudomys delicatulus: a continuous breeder waiting for the good times.
Authors: Braithwaite R.W. , Brady P.
Published: September 2021

NA
Mammal surveys in the forests of the Carrai Plateau and Richmond Range in north-east New South Wales.
Authors: Barker J. , Lunney D. , Bubela T.
Published: September 2021

Mammal surveys were carried out on the Carrai Plateau and Richmond Range in north-east New South Wales between March 1988 and November 1989. The emphasis was placed on rainforest mammals, following the recognition by Adam ( 1987) that the species lists of mammals in the state's rainforests were incomplete and that more research was needed. The mammals were surveyed primarily by analysis of prey remains in Dog and Fox scats, collected from roads throughout the forests, and from bat trapping. The bat fauna at both the Carrai Plateau and Richmond Range is rich (1 0 species and nine species respectively, including the rare Golden-tipped Bat, Kerivoula papuensis, in the Richmond Range). Scat analysis revealed the presence of 24 native species on the Carrai Plateau, and on the Richmond Range there were 17 species, including high numbers of two pademelon species. Feral prey species are almost completely absent, although the Fox is an established predator in both areas. A sharp division was identified between the mammal faunas of closed and open forests. Differences were found also between the mammal fauna composition of the two rainforest sites, and with those of nearby eucalypt forests. The mammal fauna of New South Wales rainforests is distinct from open forests and future mammal surveys are needed to ensure an adequate level of knowledge to identify and conserve these areas.
New information on the Southern Bottlenose Whale, Hyperoodon planifrons (Cetacea: Ziphiidae), from a recent stranding in Victoria, Australia.
Authors: Dixon J.M. , Frigo L. , Moyle R.L.C.
Published: September 2021

Few strandings of the Southern Bottlenose Whale, Hyperoodon planifrons Flower, have been recorded on Australian shores. The general biology of this southern species has received little study, compared with those on the northern species H. ampullatus. The stranding of a juvenile male H. planifrons at Mentone, Port Phillip Bay, Victoria in September 1992 provided an opportunity for a wide range of observations and analyses to be made. New information is presented here on general morphology, feeding, ectoparasites, and organochlorine assays.
Fructose biopolymers contained in roots of Heliánthus annuus
Authors: Korshunova N A , Balanov P E , Smotraeva I V , Ivanchenko O B
Published: September 2021

The article investigates fructose biopolymers contained in the roots of Heliánthus annuus. The raw material has been analyzed in terms of the content of inulin and other accompanying components, which are both advantageous for developing new functional food products and challenging for inulin extracting. Because in the composition of preparations from the sunflower root, this may be an advantage for the future food product, but when extracting inulin, this can create certain difficulties. These components are polyphenolic substances, namely tannins. Literature sources describe the presence of polyphenols in conflicting amounts, which justifies our research objective. The article presents a study of the yield of inulin in the extract at different extraction temperatures. We have determined the moisture content of the crushed sunflower root, the content of extractives in percent in absolutely dry raw materials, the content of tannins in percent in absolutely dry raw materials, as well as the content of inulin. The research aims to apply the results obtained for the further development of a functional food product.
Content of some flavonoids in alfalfa and its water extract "Eracond"
Authors: Kryachko A N , Khafizova R R , Kozlov V N , Ponomareva L F , Maksyutov R R
Published: September 2021

The paper states that the extraction of some flavonoids from air-dry raw alfalfa with 70% alcohol-water solution was carried out. The quantitative determination of some flavonoids content in the obtained extracts and dietary supplement "Eracond" by HPLC method was carried out. The content of flavonoids in alfalfa ranges from 0.004 mg/g naringenin to 0.29 mg/g from dry basis mass in naringin, and it ranges from 0.007 mg/g of quercetin to 0.50 mg/g from dry mass in naringin in "Erakond". A higher level of quercetin (0.12 mg/g) was revealed in alfalfa harvested in June (first cut) relative to its content (0.08 ± 0.002) in alfalfa of the second cut. The content of dihydroquercetin (0.007 ± 0.0004 mg/g) and fisetin (0.04 mg/g) in the medicinal plant raw material harvested in August (L-2) decrease in relation to alfalfa harvested in June, where similar indicators were 0.088 ± 0.009 mg/g and 0.08 ± 0.003 mg/g, respectively. The phenolic compounds identified in alfalfa should be considered as promising pathogenetically substantiated agents in the complex therapy of pathologies involving the application of inhibitors of free radical processes.
Effect of fixed factors on microbiological status of some meat products
Authors: Caro Petrovic V , Petrovic M P , Gorlov I F , Slozenkina M I , Selionova M I , Nikolaevna I S , Itckovich A Yu
Published: September 2021

This study was to assess the microbiological quality of commercial meat products of Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade, Serbia. In the Institute various meat products produced in a small scale type of processing namely: Institute sausage, Barbecue sausage, Debrecen, Frankfurter and Extra sausage. Investigation was conducted during three years at the Microbiology laboratory. The products were submitted for testing twice monthly. The samples were placed in the polyethylene bag and then brought in the microbiology laboratory and immediately placed in the refrigerator. The next day, the sample product was removed in the refrigerator and placed in the laboratory bench for microbial analysis to begin. For all products there are variations in the total number of bacteria (CFU / g) depending on the year and season. However, during spring season, only the differences at Extra sausage and Barbecue sausage were significant (P<0.05). During the summer season was found very significant differences (P<0.01) in extra sausage. In the autumn, the effect of year was significant at the Institute sausage, Barbecue sausage, Debrecen and Extra sausage (P<0.05). During winter, the effect of year was significant (P<0.05) in Debrecen, and very significant (P<0.01) in Extra sausage. There are some variations depending of the season, which are statistically significant (P>0.05) and (P<0.01). Largest variations were found in Extra sausage.
Edible spring fungi in southern taiga communities
Authors: Kislitsina A V , Sorokina A A , Luginina E A , Yaroslavtsev A V , Obotnin S I
Published: September 2021

Morphological characteristics of fruit bodies of several species of edible spring fungi were studied in southern taiga plant communities of Kirov region, European part of Russia. Investigation revealed productivity of Gyromitra esculenta Pers. Ex Fr. (9.7 kg/ha), Gyromitra gigas (Krombh.) Cooke (8.0 kg/ha), Verpa bohemica (Krombh.) J. Schröt. (4.8 kg/ha), Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. (0.7 kg/ha). Connections between morphological parameters of fruit bodies and weight were defined for each species.
Study of quality indicators of fermented dairy foods
Authors: Klyuchnikova D V , Dolmatova O I , Pozhidaeva E A , Smolsky G M , Lobacheva N N
Published: September 2021

Samples of kefir products with a vegetable component addition were developed in the work. The rheological properties of the products were also studied in this paper. The strongest bond with the clot was determined in the samples with the vegetable component addition in the amount of 4 and 5%. An improvement in the rheological parameters of the kefir product was proven: a viscous structure, a reduced tendency to syneresis compared to the control sample. The functional and technological properties of dried food kelp and agave syrup used in the technology of the curd product were also investigated. Starter cultures with quail egg powder were selected for fermented dairy beverage.
The use of plant extracts in the production of whey beverage
Authors: Zhuravlev S S , Serova O P , Bozhkova S E
Published: September 2021

At present, in the dairy industry there are a number of unresolved issues, one of them is the processing of secondary raw materials, namely whey curd. Processing of dairy whey in Russia, despite numerous developments in this area, is held back for various reasons. Production and introduction of whey drink will allow to extend the assortment of functional products and due to resource-saving technology will allow to solve the problem of processing of secondary raw materials. The results of researches on making extracts of vegetative raw material by different methods are resulted in the article and the optimum one which allows to enrich maximal extract with biologically active substances is chosen. The technology of whey beverage with the use of plant extracts is developed. The influence of extracts from vegetable raw materials on the nutritional value of whey drink has been determined.
Effect of vacuum on microwave extraction of hawthorn fruit
Authors: Ismailov L Yu , Safin R R , Safina A V
Published: September 2021

The paper considers the influence of vacuum on microwave extraction of hawthorn fruit and provides a comparative analysis of conventional infusion and microwave extraction methods. Experimental studies using various methods provided the values of the amount of isolated water-soluble substances relative to the feedstock during 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes of extraction at the set mixture temperatures of 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C. It was found that at all the above temperatures, the effect of vacuum on microwave extraction positively affected the yield of water-soluble substances throughout the extraction process. At 40°C, the maximum value of the extracted substances was reached at the 25th minute of extraction, while the yield of water-soluble substances was 13.56% higher compared to traditional infusion and 10.74% higher compared to microwave extraction. The yields with vacuum microwave extraction method at mixture temperature of 60°C also proved to be higher than the values of the methods being compared. At the extraction temperature of 80°C, the microwave extraction and the vacuum microwave extraction methods have the same maximum valuable components yields significantly exceeding the indicators of traditional infusion. In addition, the vacuum effect contributed to extraction acceleration, allowing the maximum amount of water-soluble substances to be extracted 5 minutes earlier. The experimental studies confirmed the positive effect of vacuum on microwave extraction of hawthorn fruit, which is the reason for further research and the search for optimal parameters of the vacuum microwave extraction technology.
Research of semi-finished sponge cakes made with the addition of willow-herb
Authors: Belyaev A G , Mosyagin V V , Ryzhkova G F , Kaluzhskikh A G , Budnikova A S
Published: September 2021

Flour confectionery products, including semi-finished biscuit products, are of interest for conducting experiments aimed at obtaining new types of enriched products with various micronutrients. For the enrichment of the products, a powder from the grass of the willow-herb was used. Because it is known from the literature that willow-herb contains a large amount of micronutrients and is a medicinal plant. The collection of the herb willow-herb also has many medicinal properties and has a positive effect on the human body. In this paper, we consider the recipes for the production of semi-finished biscuit products with the replacement of flour in them with the powder of willow-herb in different percentage concentrations. The obtained samples of semi-finished biscuit products were examined in order to determine their quality indicators. An organoleptic evaluation was carried out, which allowed us to identify the best sample. Studies have been conducted to determine the amount of content of certain elements. The dependence of the content of these elements on the amount of the addition of willow-herb to the recipes of experimental samples of sponge semi-finished products is revealed. The quantitative indicators of the content of elements such as iron and phosphorus, important for the human body, in the samples were determined. Infrared spectra of experimental samples of biscuit products were obtained, and their analysis was carried out.
Effect of storage method on ascorbic acid content in potato
Authors: Demidenko G A , Khizhnyak S V , Tipsina N N , Strupan E A , Sizykh O A
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to study the change in the vitamin C content in potato tubers over a period of 270 days of storage in a potato storage of the buried type, regulated by natural supply and exhaust ventilation (I type of storage) and active (forced) ventilation with artificial cooling (II type of storage). In the I type of storage the content of vitamin C decreased from 25.0 mg to 5.8 mg per 100 g. In the II type of storage the content of vitamin C decreased from 25.1 mg to 21.0 mg per 100 g.In both cases the kinetic of vitamin C degradation could be described by logistic function with coefficient of determination over 0.999.
Technology of grain dispersion in the production of flourless bread
Authors: Nevzorov V N , Matskevich I V , Koh Zn A , Bezyazikov D S
Published: September 2021

The paper presents technical solutions aimed at increasing the efficiency of the technological process of dispersion of germinated wheat seeds by the method of gradual reduction of the size of grinding particles to the size determined by the technology for the production of flourless bread, and the wheat seeds supplied for dispersion do not undergo a technological operation to remove the fruit and seed shells. The author’s resource-saving technology and a new developed highly efficient technological equipment are described, which provide for a multiple effect on germinated wheat seeds due to a step-by-step change in the working technological gap. The developed device consists of a variator connected by gears with movable plate-shaped rotors rotating at different angular speeds and having grinding elements installed in a staggered manner. The adjustable gap between the movable disc-shaped rotors is provided by centrifugal forces and changes in the impact force of the grain mass being crushed against the walls of the cylindrical body for final crushing and obtaining the required uniform particle size of the dispersed material. The comparison of the developed and existing technologies for grain dispersion showed that in modern technological machines that provide for multiple mechanical action of the working body on the grain, finely ground fractions with a low content of dietary fibre are formed. The developed technical means are intended to be introduced into the production schemes of bakery shops specializing in the production of high-quality products. It has been established that the use of the developed author’s resource-saving technology for dispersing a grain mixture provides an increase in the total yield of a milled homogeneous grain mass with an increased yield of dietary fibre up to 92%, while using three connected successive grinding zones with rotary grinding elements provides a given fractional composition of the resulting homogeneous grain mass up to 97 %.
Influence of heat-induced changes in meat proteins on the quality characteristics of the finished product
Authors: Kovaleva O A , Zdrabova E M , Kireeva O S
Published: September 2021

In order to identify the coagulation-denaturation changes in proteins for the development of heat treatment modes and the production of products with specified characteristics, a set of changes in the dynamics of the degree of denaturation and the electrophoretic profile of proteins was studied. Qualitative structural changes of proteins in model products from the scapular part of pork halves with signs of NOR and PSE were studied by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The analysis of these changes made it possible to develop new and adjust the existing technological modes of processing meat raw materials. The prospects of using LT-LT heat treatment modes for whole-muscle cooked pork products with signs of NOR and PSE are shown. The results showed a higher activity of tissue proteases in PSE-pork compared to NOR, which carry out the proteolysis of "heavy" proteins. The largest number of protein fractions in the model products from PSE - pork is visualized in the zone of "medium" proteins with a molecular weight of 20 to 100 kDa. Minimal changes in the fractional composition occur at 50-55°C in myofibrillar proteins and 65°C in sarcoplasmic proteins.
The elemental status of broiler chickens when used the cocoa husks in the diet
Authors: Grechkina V V , Medvedev S A , Lebedev S V , Miroshnikova E P , Shoshina O V , Miroshnikov I S
Published: September 2021

Cocoa husk can become a desirable feedstock and mineral source for poultry farming due to its nutritional value and valuable bioactive compounds. The article deals with the biological effect of cocoa husk on the metabolism and elemental status of broiler chickens of the Arbor-Icres cross. When replacing 5% of wheat treated with alkali in the amount of 45 g/kg in the diet of broiler chickens of the II experimental group with cocoa husk, there was an increase in the elements lithium - by 66.5% (p≤0.05), cadmium – by 25.8% and phosphorus – by 18.5%, nickel – by 31.1% (p≤0.05), cobalt – by 33.9%, iron – by 21.5%, manganese – by 15.6%, selenium – by 41.0%, iodine – by 40.1% (p < 0.05), aluminum – by 43.7% (p < 0.05), against the background of a decrease in toxic, relative to the control bird. Cocoa husk in experiments has a protective effect on toxic elements, reducing mercury in the body – by 53.5% (p < 0.05), lead – by 18.2%, tin – by 69.4% (p < 0.05) and strontium – by 26.3%. Thus, cocoa husk is a valuable by-product of the food industry, which can be used in the cultivation of broiler chickens.
The effectiveness of protein additives based on the wastes of poultry slaughter in diets for broilers
Authors: Lukashenko V S , Saleeva I P , Zhuravchuk E V , Ovseychik E A , Volik V G , Ismailova D Yu
Published: September 2021

The effectiveness of protein additives based on the wastes of poultry slaughter in diets for broilers (cross Smena-9, 35 birds per treatment, 1-38 days of age) was studied as compared to the traditional diets with fishmeal as an animal protein source. Control treatment 1 was fed diets with fishmeal (FM); in diets for treatments 2 and 3 FM was substituted by fermented feed additive (FFA) and hydrolyzed feed additive (HFA), respectively, produced by the processing of slaughter wastes (feathers, intestines, and blood). The resulting levels of crude protein were similar in all treatments. It was found that the highest growth efficiency was in treatment 2: live bodyweight at 38 days of age was higher by 6.5% in compare to control (p<0.01), average daily weight gain higher by 3.6 g/bird/day; higher digestibility of protein from FFA resulted in feed conversion ratio lower by 1.9% in compare to control. Dressing percentage in this treatment was higher by 0.8% in compare to control, percentage of high-grade carcasses higher by 5.7%; as a result the European production efficiency index (377 points) was higher by 29 points in compare to control.
Simmental cattle breed lactation features of various productive types
Authors: Sycheva O V , Anisimova E I , Omarov R S , Shlykov S N
Published: September 2021

This article presents the results of studying the course of lactation of Simmental cows of various constitutionally productive types: dairy, milk-meat, and meat-and-milk in the conditions of the SEC "Abodimovskiy" on lactating (1-3 lactation) cows of the Simmental breed of German selection. There were studying the quantitative indicators and milk composition. There was calculating the lactation stability coefficients (LCC). The study’s findings were as follows that the nature of the lactation curve for dairy and dairy-meat constitutionally productive types of Simmental cattle can be recognized as "high unstable". It indicates that these cattle types are more milk productivity prevalence than meat. The nature of the lactation curve of the meat and dairy type of cattle is characterized as "moderately stable". It shows a clear difference from the first two constitutionally productive types.
Selection on lines and families of camels within Kazakh breed type of the Turkmen dromedary
Authors: Natyrov A K , Dyusegaliev M G , Ubushaev B S , Eshekenov B B , Bolaev B K , Garyaeva Kh B
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to the research of productivity and monitor of breed value of lines and families of the Turkmen dromedary selected for genetic improvements. It was the first time when the selection of dromedaries within Kazakh breed used a selection according to the results of additional estimation of the index of milk production, the index of fertility and a ratio of wool clipping when they are bred on lines and families. The estimation of reproductive fertility of producers of the line “Jahn-leck 1” showed that the index of successful copulation equals to 92.4±0.6%. Females of the breeding stock Kyzyl of Turkmen dromedary had an index of milk production – 5.0±0.05, and the breeding stock «Kumkent» had an index of 4.1±0.1. Furthermore, it promotes the foundation of a selection herd of female camels of Kazakh breed having an index of lactation with the range of 90-120%, and their index of milk production varying from 4.5 to 6.5. The suggested index estimation allowed selecting females of Turkmen dromedary within the Kazakh breed having the highest index of milk production most precisely.
Formation of adipose tissue in Kazakh white-headed bull- calves from sires with a different genotype for the thyroglobulin gene
Authors: Makaev Sh A , Dzhulamanov K M , Gerasimov R P
Published: September 2021

The improvement of breeding herds is based on the selection and intensive use in reproduction of linear sires with the desired genotype for DNA markers associated with the quality of meat products. The aim of our research was to study the formation of adipose tissue in Kazakh white-headed bull-calves from sires with different genotypes for the TG5 gene. The object of the study were bull-calves the offspring from sires with different genotypes for the thyroglobulin gene: TG5CC (n=6) and TG5CT (n=6). With the same live weight, young animals differed in weight and yield of internal raw fat with the superiority of progeny from heterozygous bulls by 1.8 kg (15.0%; P = 0.16) and 0.4% (P = 0.09). The TG5CT genotype in sires affected the better development of the subcutaneous fat in the middle of the last rib. The superiority of progeny from homozygous bulls was established by the back fat thickness at the root of the tail. Chemical analysis of slaughter products showed the advantage in fat synthesis of the offspring from sires with the TG5CC genotype. The intensity of fat deposition in sons from bulls with the TG5CC genotype is confirmed by the morphological composition of separate cuts. They exceeded their peers both in absolute mass and in proportion of adipose tissue in cuts. Under the same rearing conditions, the peculiarities in amount and distribution of adipose tissue in carcasses were determined in offspring from sires with different genotypes for the thyroglobulin gene.
Responsiveness of spring wheat to the use of chemicals
Authors: Keler V V , Martynova O V , Demeneva A A , Shram N V
Published: September 2021

Increase in grain production in the Krasnoyarsk Territory is possible with the use of three intensification factors in wheat cultivation technology – intensive varieties, increased doses of fertilizers and intensive protection. The fulfillment of these conditions makes a huge contribution to obtaining a high grain yield of excellent quality. In the conditions of agricultural intensification, with the increase in the chemical’s usage prospects for more complete potential realization of spring wheat for the formation of high yields and improving the quality of grain are opening up. The article considers the reaction of the varieties «Novosibirskaya 15», «Novosibirskaya 29», «Novosibirskaya 41» and «Altayskaya 75» to the intensification of cultivation technology. The response of the most popular spring wheat varieties to the use of nitrogen fertilizer, as well as to the introduction of herbicide, fungicide and insecticide in its crops was studied. Methods of mathematical statistics determine the degree of variation in the crop structure, as well as its amount in the above varieties of spring soft wheat after the use of pesticides and fertilizers. It is established that with financial tension in the farms of this zone, it is possible to make a choice in favor of the use of pesticides to control the number of pathogens and weeds in the phytocenosis.
The influence of root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) on the productivity of durum wheat in the soil and climatic conditions of the Southern Urals
Authors: Mitrofanov D V , Maksyutov N A , Zorov A A , Skorokhodov V Yu , Kaftan Yu V , Voropaev S B , Zenkova N A
Published: September 2021

The detection of factors that affect the decrease in the productivity of durum wheat is the basis for the study of plant diseases in the soil and climatic conditions of the southern chernozems of the Cis-Ural region. On the basis of this premise, for the first time, studies on common root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) of durum wheat are conducted in field and laboratory conditions. There is the method of field experience, stationary accounting of agrometeorological conditions and disease determination is used. The results of six years research show that in the third variant of the experiment, the least spread and development of root rot is observed on a non-windy background of nutrition up to 28.6 and 10.2%. The dependence on the influence of air temperature is 94.4 and 70.0%. The highest crop yield of durum wheat was obtained in the average dry year of 2017 according to the green-manured fallow predecessor. It consists of 21.4 c on fertilized and 21.1 c per 1 ha on non-winded backgrounds of mineral nutrition. The maximum effect of root rot development on the decrease in durum wheat productivity is noted in the fourth version of the experiment and it consists of 80.04 and 89.66% on two nutrition backgrounds. The study results have a scientific and practical importance in the field of phytopathology, farming and intensive agriculture.
Productivity and resources of bird cherry (family Padus) in Russia
Authors: Luginina E A , Egoshina T L
Published: September 2021

The paper presents data on distribution and confinement of Padus (bird cherry) species in Russia. It shows productivity, raw material stocks of the studied species within Federal districts and characterises trophic role of bird cherry fruits in wild animals’ nutrition. Decrease of collection and utilisation volumes of raw material is marked.
Conditions for surface cultivation on liquid nutrient media of the producer strain of microbiopreparation M-24 Penicillium sp., the antagonist of the sunflower Phoma rot pathogen
Authors: Maslienko L V , Voronkova A Kh , Efimtseva E A , Datsenko L A
Published: September 2021

In recent years (2019-2021), research has been carried out at the biomethod laboratory of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops on the development of environmentally safe microbiopreparations of a multifunctional type of action with a prolonged shelf life against the pathogen of sunflower Phoma rot caused by the fungus Phoma macdonaldii Boerema, a teleomorph is Plenodomus lindquistii Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley. To develop the elements of the technological regulations for the production of a microbiopreparations in the preparative form of a “wettable powder” when growing the producer strain M-24 Penicillium sp. on the liquid nutrient media, there were determined the following optimal conditions for cultivating the strain: temperature is 25 °C, pH is 6; to use starch as a source of carbon nutrition is advisable; the optimal source of nitrogen nutrition is corn extract.
The results of laboratory and field studies of thermophysical processes necessary for the occurrence of landscape fires in natural swamps
Authors: Shevchenko V A , Bondareva G I , Evgrafov A V
Published: September 2021

Investigations of the process of spontaneous combustion of peat depending on moisture content and its physical characteristics. One of the most important tasks is to ensure the environmental safety of human life. Ensuring the safety of the population and territories in emergency situations is now especially important, since the number of emergency situations is constantly growing due to vigorous human activity. Peatland fires are a serious problem in many countries with large forests.
Express bioindication of environmental pollution with mercury using yeast fungi
Authors: Novosyolova E A , Skripnik I L , Kaverzneva T T , Idrisova D I , Pshenichnaya K V
Published: September 2021

The issues of external influence on biological objects have interested mankind since ancient times. It can significantly affect vital activity of yeast cells. Their use for bioindication and quantitative determination of the rate of gas emission depending on composition of culture liquid makes it possible to use this process for bioindication of environment. In the article, on the basis of a developed machine for measuring the rate of carbon dioxide emission by yeast fungi, which makes it possible to use it in laboratory and field conditions, the values of the effect of mercury on the process of fermentation of culture medium by yeast are given. A method for express bioindication by yeast fungi of environmental pollution with mercury has been worked out. It serves as the basis for development of guidelines for identifying and controlling sources of chemical hazards during emergency response. The experiments have shown that the maximum effect on bioactivity of yeast is exerted by the HgCl2 salt with different concentrations, which leads to a decrease in the rate of CO2 emission and deterioration of yeast vital functions.
Environmental aspects of the integrated development of forest ecosystems: zoning and visualization of multidimensional data
Authors: Kobalinskiy M V , Simonov K V , Kuimov V V , Kirillova S V
Published: September 2021

The research is devoted to the development of information and methodological support for assessing the interaction of objects and the degree of impact on the environment within the framework of the concept of sustainable development in relation to enterprises of forest ecosystems. As a computational toolkit of the zoning technique the work uses adapted clustering and visualization methods in the form of constructing a set of Voronoi and elastic maps. The key point in the research is the choice of indicators that take into account the most important features of the process under study. Purpose of the study: revealing hidden patterns in multidimensional data on processes and phenomena that are difficult to formalize. The stages of the proposed computational technique for zoning objects of interest are given on model examples for processing and visualizing the distribution of the selected indicators
Monocathode installation for electrochemical cleaning of oil-contaminated soils
Authors: Meshalkin V P , Shulaev N S , Kadyrov R R , Pryanichnikova V V
Published: September 2021

One of the promising solutions for soil remediation is the impact on oil-contaminated areas with a constant electric current of small magnitude. The features of this method in comparison with others that require soil excavation or treatment with sorbents are ease of implementation, energy efficiency and economic feasibility. The cleaning process is carried out directly on the contaminated site. Electrochemical cleaning occurs when the electrodes are submerged into the soil to a depth of contamination and electric voltage applied to them. In this case, the pollutants transfer processes of under the influence of electric current and redox reactions are initiated. However, the traditional realization of the electrochemical method of cleaning soils contaminated with oil and oil products is accompanied by a high material consumption due to the large number of electrodes used, various energy losses depending on the materials of the cathode and anode and their relative position in the contaminated area, as well as insufficient environmental efficiency due to the accumulation of contaminated liquid in the cathode area. In view of the indicated disadvantages, the practical application of the method requires scientifically grounded engineering, the purpose of which is to design new energy- efficient, environmentally friendly, mobile installations.
Some aspects of ecological engineering in modern heating systems of cities
Authors: Letyagina Ekaterina
Published: September 2021

This article outlines the results of a study of some aspects of implementation and use of ecological engineering elements in the heat supply systems of large urban agglomerations of the Russian Federation. It considers important problems associated with the definition of the term ecological engineering, defines the elements of ecological engineering that can be introduced into the sphere of heat supply of large urban agglomerations. It provides the data on heat energy losses in some subjects of the Russian Federation with harsh climatic conditions, in which heat supply to the large cities lasts for over 9 months a year. The article also identifies the main challenges the heat supply systems used in large metropolitan agglomerations of the Russian Federation face related to the modernization and digital transformation of the heat supply sector of Russian cities. It designates the main problems and opportunities of ecological engineering, which will allow, if widely implemented, providing remote control of the operation of district heating systems, controlling their temperature regime and pressure in pipelines, carrying out the necessary engineering calculations of the functioning of the systems relative to the topography of a particular urban agglomeration. In addition, the study outlines important components of the digitalization of district heating systems in cities to ensure their efficient, effective and, most importantly, safe for the ecosystems of large urban agglomerations, functioning. It has been established that ecological engineering in the district heating industry of large urban agglomerations has to be directed at conservation and restoration of the reserves of natural thermal resources, as well as the natural environment as a whole, by reducing the intensity of operation and emissions into the atmosphere that are produced during the processing of fuel resources.
Spatial and sectoral features in the economic development of agro-industrial and industrial territories of the region
Authors: Urasova A A , Balandin D A , Krasilnikova L E
Published: September 2021

The paper confirms the importance of the development and application of modern tools for analysis and assessment of the spatial and sectoral features of regional development in the context of agro-industrial and industrial territories on the example of the Perm Region. To calculate the income distribution index of the population in the territories, we used statistical indicators of wages, the number of employees of agricultural and industrial organizations, as well as data on the incomes of the regeon’s wealthiest citizens. Diagnostics made it possible to identify spatial and sectoral features in the economic development of agro-industrial and industrial territories of the Perm Region and group them into three types. It has been established that the lowest incomes of the population are observed in territories with a predominant agro-industrial profile. A conclusion is made about the need for regular monitoring and applying analysis results in the development and adjustment of strategies or plans for the spatial and sectoral development of a particular constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
Melilot of the Caspian region and prospects of their conveyor use
Authors: Mukhambetov B , Abdinov R , Tauova N , Didenko I , Nurgaliyeva G
Published: September 2021

The data of daily conveyor production of melilot hay, harvested mainly in early highly nutritious phases of development, branching and budding, are presented. Melilot, possessing a number of important advantages over other feed crops, nevertheless, are not popular among agricultural practitioners because of their coarse stems, low feed intake and high content of coumarin in plants. Undoubted advantages of melilot include: high yield of hay, haylage and green mass, seeds; salt tolerance and possibility of reclaiming saline lands without drainage and soil leaching; sun resistance; drought resistance; winter hardiness; low irrigation rate; high nutritional value and digestibility of feed; high protein content in plants; low cost cultivation; possibility of obtaining high yields without introduction of nitrogen fertilizers, unpretentiousness to soil fertility; excellent phytomeliorant and soil orderly; soil fertility restorer and excellent precursor for many crops. The varieties of melilot created for cultivation on saline lands of the Caspian Sea region provide an extension of conveyor period of pasture use and harvesting of their raw materials up to 188 days per season.
New algorithms for providing safe food raw materials: lessons from the pandemic
Authors: Slozhenkina M I , Fedotova G V , Lamzin R M , Gorlov I F , Kuznetsov Yu V , Moroz N Yu
Published: September 2021

The food crises of the 21st century are characterized by the presence of multidirectional obstacles of a socio-economic and organizational nature in the structure of international relations that function on the problems of maintaining a wide range of export-import supplies of raw and related resources. This situation is caused by the specifics of the international epidemiological situation with the widespread incidence of COVID-19, which leads to the adoption of extraordinary measures to counteract the further aggravation of this situation. Additional factors in the formation of food crises are the complication of the full functioning of natural-artificial aggregates of elements that make up the system of agro-industrial production, formed within the framework of national socio-economic systems, as well as in the structure of international food production and consumer relations. The main means of overcoming these crises consist in the development and further implementation of rational resource-saving technologies for the functioning of the agro-industrial complex with the extraction of various components from the environment, subject to the minimum possible negative impact on it. Thus, the most important ways to overcome the food crises, which are aggravated by the spread of COVID-19, are the sustainable partnership of state management structures and representatives of the private sector of the economy through modern electronic and digital communications in the development of advanced resource-saving technologies for the production of high-quality food, providing comprehensive public-private financial support for the production of high-quality food, as well as comprehensive compliance with epidemiological safety standards.