bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF USING MULTIPOTENT MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS IN BONE GRAFTING WITH XENOGENIC BIOMATERIALS
Authors: Bokov Andrey E. , Orlinskaya Natalia Yu. , Bulkin Anatoly A. , Aleinik Dina Ya. , Charykova Irina N. , Egorikhina Marfa N. , Antoshina Veronika V.
Published: October 2023

Currently, there is a significant frequency of degenerative diseases of the spine after surgical interventions with the use of bone grafting, especially in elderly patients. The results of the research indicate that the use of stem cells is one of the promising areas to increase the efficiency of osseointegration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of osteogenesis in the conditions of using xenografts loaded with stem cells, as well as morphological features of osseointegration. Materials and methods. An experimental study was conducted on 22 male rabbits. 2 animals were used to obtain stem cells, the remaining animals were implanted with xenogenic bone–substituting material "Osteomatrix" in the iliac wing, of which 10 animals were implanted with a xenograft not populated with cells, and the other 10 animals were implanted with an identical xenograft populated with mesenchymal stromal cells. Withdrawal from the experiment was carried out on the 60th day after implantation. The material's examination was carried out using the methods of fluorescence and light microscopy. To assess the statistical significance of observed differences (evaluation of proliferation, neoangiogenesis and osseointegration) in the experimental and control groups, the Mann–Whitney U test was used with a critical significance of p ≤ 0.05. Results. When using an osteoplastic material that was not loaded with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells within 60 days after surgery, osseointegration passes through indirect osteogenesis with formation of full-fledged bone tissue in the future, which increases the time of complete defect healing. In the case of using an osteomatrix loaded with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of the bone marrow, osteogenesis proceeds in a direct way with the formation of a full-fledged bone tissue. Osteomatrix loading with multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells stimulates neoangiogenesis and proliferative activity of the tissue, which promotes activation of bone tissue repair processes and stimulates the processes of xenograft osseointegration. Conclusions. The use of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in bone grafting using xenografts increases the efficiency of osseointegration by stimulating direct osteogenesis, increasing the activity of proliferation and angiogenesis.
GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT AS INDICATOR OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION
Authors: Zotikov Nikolay Z.
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the issue considered in the article is due to the existing differences between the regions in terms of the level of socio-economic development, which are intensifying in the current sanctions conditions. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of the gross regional product on the level of the socio-economic situation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the quality of life of the population. The objectives of the study are to establish the relationship between the indicator of the socio-economic situation of the regions and the quality of life of the population. Materials and methods. The information base of the study was the data of Rosstat on the gross regional product, including per capita, the data of the rating agency RIA RETING on the ratings of regions in terms of the level of socio-economic status and quality of life of the population in the regions. The existing indicators of the study of the socio-economic situation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation use a variety of indicators, but do not take into account the indicator of the gross regional product, this is a feature of the author's approach. The study used methods: analysis, synthesis, grouping, comparison, generalization, tabular, etc. Results. The study found that the gross regional product is of decisive importance in determining the level of the socio-economic situation of the regions. The indicators of the scale and efficiency of the economy (the volume of production of goods and services, the number of people employed in the economy, etc.), the budgetary and social sphere of the regions of the Ural Federal District provide the district with a leading place in the ranking of the socio-economic position of the federal districts. Conclusions. There is a correlation between the indicators "gross regional product", "gross regional product per capita" and the level of socio-economic development of the regions and the quality of life of the population living in them.
ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONING OF HEALTH CARE IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN IN 2005–2021
Authors: Serebryakova Tatyana Yu. , Gayfullin Airat N.
Published: October 2023

The Republic of Tatarstan is located in the Volga Federal District and occupies one of the last places in the ranking in terms of the number of hospital beds per 10,000 people. It should also be noted unfavorable data on the number of medical staff, the number of people per place in the hospital, the number of receptions per shift. At the same time, the region is characterized by good socio-economic indicators in the field of health. Among them, the main ones are not only stable data on morbidity and mortality, but also the conditions for financing health care. The above requires research to assess these trends. The purpose of the study is to assess the factors influencing the health indicators of the Republic of Tatarstan. Materials and methods. In the course of studying theoretical and practical provisions, general scientific methods of cognition were used: comparison, abstraction, synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as methods of statistical analysis. The information base of the study was the data of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation on the use of the consolidated budgets of the Russian Federation and its subjects, as well as indicators of the development of healthcare, transport, etc. published on the Rosstat website. The results of the study. Despite a significant reduction in the number of hospitals, medical personnel, and beds in rural areas, the Republic of Tatarstan manages to maintain morbidity and mortality rates at the same level with a slight increase during the pandemic. This was facilitated by the involvement of the population in sports, as well as alternative ways of providing medical services to rural residents. New health care services are favored by good transport accessibility of district and regional centers, conditions created in them for the provision of medical care to rural residents. New methods of providing curative and preventive care are being actively used, for example, through the use of mobile teams, remote consultations, as well as redirecting patient flows to district and regional centers. Financing of health care has not always been at a sufficient level, but in recent years it has improved, which positively characterizes the state of health care in the republic. Conclusions. The Republic of Tatarstan is characterized by good socio-economic indicators in the field of healthcare. The reduction in the number of medical institutions did not adversely affect the morbidity and mortality rates of the population of the republic. To a certain extent, this is due to the developed transport network, which contributes to the provision of assistance by mobile teams, as well as the redirection of the flow of cases to district and regional centers. Financing of health care has improved in recent years, which has also contributed to the success of the functioning of medical institutions.
USE OF LEASING IN ACTIVITIES ENTERPRISES AND RATIONALE FOR SELECTION ITS FORMS
Authors: Shchegoleva Ella N. , Bakaeva Zhanna Yu. , Imyarekov Sergey M.
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the possibilities of using financial and operational leasing by an enterprise, methods of accruing leasing payments. The purpose of this study is to identify the most cost-effective sources of financing for the renewal of fixed assets. One of the options for solving this problem can be leasing, which combines many effective forms and methods of investment and allows you to take into account the interests of all parties to the transaction. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the main production assets of enterprises, the subject – an assessment of the effectiveness of the use of leasing in the activities of enterprises. The informational basis of the article was made up of: regulatory and legislative materials regulating leasing activities, theoretical foundations of leasing, reporting by Dorex JSC, Internet sources. The methodological apparatus of the study is represented by the following scientific methods: economic and statistical analysis, the method of financial ratios, financial and economic analysis. Results. Thanks to such a tool as leasing, the lessee acquires the opportunity to use the property necessary for its activities without a one-time mobilization of its own or borrowed resources. Three main methods for calculating lease payments used by domestic economists are identified. In the course of the study, using the example of Dorex JSC, the optimal form of leasing was chosen, as well as a comparison of sources of financing for the acquisition of fixed assets and an assessment of the effectiveness of the use of leasing in the activities of the organization in question. Conclusions. The use of leasing can be an effective way to mobilize and expand production, allowing to reduce the tax burden and ensure the stability of the enterprise.
Citation on Sir Donald Irvine – 17th Gordon Arthur Ransome Orator
Authors: Ho LY
Published: October 2023

It is my pleasure and privilege to introduce Sir Donald Irvine as the 17th Gordon Arthur Ransome Orator.
17th Gordon Arthur Ransome Oration: Patient-centred Professionalism
Authors: Irvine D
Published: October 2023

When sickness strikes we all need doctors. People everywhere know that the quality of medical care can affect the outcome and possible consequences of illness, and at times mean the difference between life and death.
Evaluation of a Bedside Test for Phosphorylated Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 in Preterm Labour
Authors: Kwek K , Khi C , Ting HS , Yeo GSH
Published: October 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of a bedside test kit for phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in the diagnosis of preterm labour and the prediction of subsequent preterm delivery.

Materials and Methods: We performed a bedside test for IGFBP-1 in 47 women who presented to the delivery suite in suspected preterm labour between 23 and 33 weeks. Tocolysis and steroid therapy were administered in all cases.

Results: Twenty-nine women (61.7%) tested negative and 18 women tested positive (38.3%). There was no statistical significance between the 2 groups except that the test-positive group had a greater median cervical dilatation (2.0 cm) compared to the test-negative group (1.0 cm) (P <0.05). The women who tested positive had a statistically significant longer median duration of hospitalisation, stay in delivery suite and tocolytic therapy (5.0 days, 56.0 hours and 34.5 hours respectively) compared to women who were test-negative (3.0 days, 19.0 hours and 10.0 hours respectively) (P <0.05). In addition, 91.7% of the patients in the IGFBP-1 negative group had a delay of more than 7 days between the onset of contractions and delivery, while only 44.4% of the women in the pIGFBP-1 positive group experienced such a delay.

Conclusion: These results suggest that there may be a role for cervical IGFBP-1 test in the management of women presenting with suspected preterm labour. It may allow us to focus our efforts on women who are more likely to have a preterm delivery and perhaps allow us to avoid unnecessary treatment and to contain healthcare costs.
Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Medicine – A Dental Specialty Issue Whose Time Has Come?
Authors: Yeo JF
Published: October 2023

The practice of Dentistry in Singapore has advanced rapidly, with the development and recognition of several specialty practices, coupled with the support of established specialty training programmes abroad as well as locally. In this respect, the Academy of Medicine, Singapore (AMS) had led and played a pivotal role in the nurturing and development of several dental specialties in Singapore.
Bisphosphonates – A Word of Caution
Authors: Robinson NA , Yeo JF
Published: October 2023

There have been recent reports from various centres of a possible association between avascular necrosis of the jaws and the use of bisphosphonates. This commentary reviews the available data and alerts clinicians to a possible adverse reaction in the oral cavity to a group of drugs that are commonly prescribed.
Spontaneous Bone Regeneration after Mandible Resection in a Case of Ameloblastoma – A Case Report
Authors: Coen Pramono D Coen
Published: October 2023

Introduction: A case of spontaneous bone regeneration after mandible resection is reported.

Case Report: A 6-year-old boy suffered from ameloblastoma in his right mandible. Six months after haemimandibulectomy, a bone regeneration forming a new form of mandible is seen.

Histopathology: Lamellar mature bone was observed. Resection of the large portion of the mandible as the choice of treatment as the tumor was grown extensively. Spontaneous bone regeneration after a mandible resection.

Conclusion: Unexpected spontaneous bone regeneration may be explained by the fact that periosteum, as the source of osteogenic cells, might be responsible for this process.
Oral Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case Report and Literature Update
Authors: Robinson NA , Yeo JF , Lee YS , Aw DCW
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare cause of oral mucosal ulceration.

Clinical Picture: A 47-year-old Chinese man presented with a 3-month history of oral ulceration. There were no lesions on the skin or other mucosal sites. Histology and immunostaining were consistent with pemphigus vulgaris.

Treatment: Systemic and topical corticosteroids were instituted, together with topical antifungals. Conventional periodontal therapy was carried out to improve gingival/oral health.

Outcome: Control of oral ulceration was achieved with re-establishment of normal oral function. No other sites to date have been involved.

Conclusion: Chronic oral ulceration can be the sole manifestation of pemphigus vulgaris, at least initially. Early recognition of this lesion may prevent delayed diagnosis and inappropriate treatment of a potentially chronic dermatological condition.
In vitro Biological Characteristics of Human Cord Blood-derived Megakaryocytes
Authors: Sun L , Tan P , Yap C , Hwang W , Koh LP , Lim CK , Aw SE
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Umbilical cord blood (CB) has been used as an alternative source for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in recent years. However, delayed platelet recovery is frequently associated with CB HSCT. Megakaryocytes (Mk) are the specialised precursors of platelets and they are among the rarest haemopoietic cell types. Despite the rapid expansion of our knowledge of megakaryopoiesis in recent years, many questions, such as the molecular regulatory mechanisms in Mk differentiation and maturation, platelet formation and release, remain unanswered in CB-derived megakaryopoiesis. Variations can be seen from the literature by individual investigators using different approaches for Mk-specific differentiation and maturation induction. The development of in vitro culture methods to obtain sufficient numbers of Mks from readily available haematopoietic stem cells is of value for both basic research and clinical applications.

Materials and Methods: The CD34+ cells from cord blood samples were cultured in serum-free medium with haematopoietic growth factors (GFs), such as IL-3, stem cell factor (SCF), and thrombopoietin (Tpo). The differentiation of Mk was monitored using Mk- and platelet-specific monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometric analysis. The morphology of the cultured cells was studied by both light and electronic microscopy (LM and EM). The involvement of the human Notch gene family members was studied by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Maturation of the cultured Mks was studied using flow cytometric analysis for both platelet-specific surface markers and enodomitosis. Platelet activation was assessed in the cytoplasmic fragments harvested from the cultures.

Results: Specific Mk differentiation of >70% resulted from a 2-step culture approach using IL-3, SCF and Tpo for 7 days followed by Tpo only for another 14 days. RT-PCR showed high-level expression of both Notch-1 and its ligand, Jagged-1, in the cultured Mks. Limited levels of polyploidy (>4N, endomitosis, EnM) were observed in the cultured Mks. The results also showed that the cytoplasmic fragments from the cultures responded to platelet activation reagents, including ADP and collagen, marked by upregulation of platelet-specific activation markers, such as CD62P (P-selectin) and PAC-1 (gpαIIbβ3).

Conclusion: The methods used in this study are specific for differentiation of Mk from CB CD34+ cell, which can partially mature and produce functional platelets in vitro. This approach for human Mk differentiation could be further optimised and may be adapted on larger scales for clinical purposes.
Breast Ultrasound in Women With Familial Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Sim LSJ , Hendriks JHCL , Fook-Chong SMC
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the performance and value of breast ultrasound in women with familial risk of breast cancer.

Materials and Methods: From an initial dataset of 245 women with positive family history who had breast cancer surveillance utilising mammography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between November 1994 and February 2001, 179 subjects with follow-up data were selected. Eighty-four women had breast ultrasound done with histopathological correlation available from 48 breast biopsies performed in 42 women.

Results: The sensitivity of ultrasound, mammography and MRI was 83.3%, 53.9% and 93.3%, respectively. The specificity of ultrasound, mammography and MRI was 65.5%, 85.7% and 63.6%, respectively. Ultrasound was the imaging modality with intermediate sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and cancer detection rate. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), NPV and accuracy of combined mammography and ultrasound were 92.9%, 62.5%, 52.0%, 95.2% and 71.7%, respectively. These results did not differ significantly from MRI. Almost two-thirds of the breast biopsies were performed under ultrasound guidance.

Conclusion: Although breast ultrasound screening per se was not assessed in this study, extrapolation of these results to sonographic screening of high familial risk women would come at a better specificity to MRI, albeit with a 10% decrease in sensitivity but at a fraction of the cost of MRI. Ultrasound also provides the advantage of convenient imaging guidance for biopsy. Employing ultrasound following mammography would match MRI in sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy, and should not be ignored in these women.
A Risk Reduction Approach for Schizophrenia: The Early Psychosis Intervention Programme
Authors: Chong SA , Lee C , Bird L , Verma S
Published: October 2023

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder with a profound impact on patients, their caregivers and society. Most patients who develop schizophrenia experience a prodromal phase where there is a change in premorbid functioning prior to the onset of frank psychotic symptoms. Once psychosis sets in, the subsequent course can be variable but schizophrenia tends to run a chronic course, resulting in considerable disabilities. The prognosis of schizophrenia could potentially be improved by reducing the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). The Early Psychosis Intervention Programme (EPIP) in Singapore adopts a risk-reduction approach. It seeks to reduce the DUP through public education, networking with the primary healthcare providers (general practitioners, counsellors, traditional healers), and the screening of conscripts into the Singapore Armed Forces. Integral to this programme is a service for those in the prodromal phase of psychosis, that addresses the concerns of stigmatisation and pharmacotherapeutic interventions. Our tertiary prevention strategies aim to reduce mortality and morbidity, and to improve the quality of the lives of the individuals diagnosed with this disorder through a comprehensive and holistic management programme that comprises case-management, the judicious use of antipsychotics, and various psychosocial interventions. Since EPIP’s initiation in April 2001, there has been a steady increase in the number of individuals screened and accepted into the programme. Our networking strategy is gaining momentum and there has been a significant increase in the number of primary healthcare providers whom we have trained to identify early signs of psychosis. However, there remain various challenges which we are yet to overcome.
Accounting Practices, Financial Literacy And Financial Performance Of Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises
Authors: Onyango Thadeus Owino , Simiyu Gabriel , Ombaba Mwengei
Published: October 2023

This study examines how financial literacy moderates the link between accounting practices and financial performance of MSMEs in the Republic of Kenya. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are significant in developing many economies by creating employment, alleviating poverty and food insecurity, and contributing to the Gross Domestic Product. Despite their significance, MSMEs face multiple challenges that affect their capacity to achieve desired economic outcomes. The study employed an explanatory research design and utilized simple random sampling to select a representative sample. Data was collected from 398 managers/owners of MSMEs using a self-administered questionnaire. The hierarchical regression model was used to test the study hypothesis in SPSS vs.23. The study revealed that accounting practices and financial literacy have a positive and significant influence on MSMEs' financial performance. In addition, results show that financial literacy moderates the relationship between accounting practices and financial performance. The study underlines the importance of accounting approaches and financial literacy in improving MSMEs’ financial performance in developed and emerging nations. Given the scarcity of research in this context, it is critical to employ financial literacy as a moderating variable. The interaction results contribute to the body of knowledge and serve as a catalyst for improving the association between accounting practices and financial performance.
The Effect of Viral Marketing and Online Customer Reviews on Instagram on Purchase Decisions for Mixue Ice Cream in Surabaya
Authors: Syamsya Syabania Qowi Nur , Purwanto Sugeng
Published: October 2023

A new ice cream brand from China called “Mixue” appeared in Indonesia recently and made people queue just to taste the ice cream product, even though Mixue is not the first choice of ice cream brand in Indonesia. The researcher wanted to find out the impact of viral marketing and online customer reviews on Instagram on the purchase decision of Mixue ice cream in Surabaya. This study used quantitative methods, with the research subjects being Mixue ice cream consumers in Surabaya and Instagram users. This study involved the participation of 98 people using the non-probability sampling method and purposive sampling as the technique. To collect data, researchers distributed questionnaires online with a Likert Scale. The data would be analyzed using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. The results showed that viral marketing had a substantial impact on Mixue ice cream purchase decisions in Surabaya, and online customer reviews had a large impact on Mixue ice cream purchase decisions in Surabaya.
GESTÃO DE CUSTOS NA ATIVIDADE LEITEIRA: PESQUISA PARTICIPANTE EM UMA PEQUENA PROPRIEDADE
Authors: Bronstrup Charles Voss , Denega Elaine Fernanda , Capponi Neiva Feuser
Published: October 2023

Dentre as atividades que o agronegócio desempenha no Brasil está a produção leiteira que contribui com a manutenção de pequenos proprietários rurais em suas terras, permitindo que atividades como a de produção de leite sustente a agricultura familiar. Ao constatar as dificuldades deste segmento quanto a aquisição de novas tecnologias, devido à instabilidade de preço e produção, objetivou-se analisar como a gestão de custos pode contribuir para melhorar a renda familiar na atividade leiteira de uma pequena propriedade rural. A pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa e participante, ocorreu entre setembro/2021 e maio/2022 em uma propriedade rural familiar no município de Guaraniaçu-PR. Diagnosticou-se a precariedade no uso de ferramentas de controle e gerenciais. A inserção de planilhas de custos, fluxo de caixa e controle financeiros permitiu constatar que os resultados são positivos, pois em sua maioria apresentou lucro, porém não para novos investimentos, para isso, faz-se necessário que a lucratividade seja de no mínimo 25%. Atribui-se que o controle dos custos de produção seja permanente para que a atividade melhore o resultado financeiro e o processo de tomada de decisão por parte dos seus proprietários.
Transcription factors in human skeletal muscle associated with single and regular strength exercises
Authors: Lednev EM , Makhnovskii PA , Vepkhvadze TF , Sultanov RI , Zhelankin AV , Kanygina AV , Popov DV , Generozov EV
Published: October 2023

Skeletal muscle plasticity is the ability to change morphofunctional properties in response to changes in contractile activity. Strength training increases the size of muscle fibers and maximum strength with the activation of protein synthesis. Regulation of these changes at the gene level has not been investigated properly. This study aimed to identify transcription factors associated with changes in the transcriptome of the human skeletal muscle in the context of single and regular strength exercises. We assessed changes in the transcriptomic profile of m. vastus lateralis of 10 young men (mean age 23 (20.8 - 25.9) years) before and after 12-week leg extensor muscles strength training course, as well as before, 8 and 24 hours after a single exercise. Transcriptomic profiling involved RNA sequencing, search for binding motifs and the associated transcription factors. Bioinformatic methods of statistics, FastQC, GraphPad Prizm 8, DAVID, R enabled analysis of the data acquired. The strength training course resulted in the enrichment of the functional groups of genes "secreted proteins", "extracellular matrix" and "basal membrane" (p < 0.05). Transcriptomic responses and the associated transcription factors differed 8 and 24 hours after a single session as well as after regular training sessions. Transcription factors involved in adjustment to regular and one-time loads participate in myogenesis, angiogenesis, regulation of fiber phenotype, proteostasis and other processes. Thus, regulation of gene expression during adjustment to the resistance training loads is a complex process that involves many transcription factors with different functions. Investigation of the role played by these factors in the context of adjustment to exercising is a potentially rewarding task.
Features of using a lymphocyte test for biological dosimetry in the early period after exposure
Authors: Sedankin MK , Gudkov EA , Soloviev VYu , Mershin LYu
Published: October 2023

When eliminating the consequences of large-scale radiation accidents, primary triage of victims is of key importance during the early phase of medical evacuation. Information about lymphocyte counts (blood test) per unit of peripheral blood volume can be used for this purpose. The study was aimed to validate the method of using a lymphocyte test for prediction of acute radiation injury severity in the first days after the exposure associated with the radiation mass casualty incident, given peripheral blood was tested once. We performed correlation analysis of the data of laboratory studies focused on quantifying lymphocytes in peripheral blood of victims during the first days following the Chernobyl disaster and other radiation accidents on the territory of the countries of the former USSR (115 individuals), including radiation accidents with gamma neutron radiation (20 individuals). It was found that with the lymphocyte concentration of 0.2–1.0 × 109/L on day 2 after exposure, the absolute error of estimated dose was ±1.5 Gy in case of gamma exposure and ±1.3 Gy in case of exposure to gamma neutron radiation. When the lymphocyte concentration exceeds 1.0 × 109/L, mild acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is predicted, given the average dose is below 2.0 Gy; when the lymphocyte concentration is less than 0.2 × 109/L< the estimated average dose exceeds 4.0 Gy, which corresponds to severe or extremely severe ARS. Thanks to the lymphocyte test accessibility and simplicity, this biological dosimetry method can occupy a worthy position in the diagnosis of radiation injury associated with large-scale accidents, since the results of cytogenetic tests are not available within first days after the accident.
EFFECTS OF MICROGRID REINFORCEMENT ON SOIL STRENGTH
Authors:   Suleyman Demirel University Isparta/TURKEY, BASAR Ercan Egemen
Published: October 2023

In geotechnical engineering geogrid materials are in use to reinforce the soil recently. When these materials are used together with the soil, the strength parameters of the soil increases. The usage of geogrids is also very profitable to improve the soil because the material is very economical, easy to apply and durable. Engineers needs some design parameters about this materials when used withsoils for geotechnical designs. Therefore, experimental studies that will enable these parameters to be determined are of great importance. In this study, triaxial compression tests were carried out under four different cell pressures(50, 100, 150, 200 kPa) in labarotory by using microgrids, which showss similar functions with geogrid. Soil samples were prepared without microgrid, single layer microgrid, two layers microgrid and three layers microgrid and each of them were individually tested in triaxial compression. 2 mm aperture sized grid reinforcement configurated in 50*100 mm in silty soil triaxial specimen as in layer form of one to three. In the experimental study, it was determined that the strength values of the soil samples using geogrid were higher than those without geogrid. It was also found that the most efficient reinforcement was the use of two layers of microgrid. One of the important findings was taht with the use of microgrid reinforcement, the strength parameters of the soil could be increased by % 307.
Analysis of Stunting Incidents in Toddlers during the Covid-19 Pandemic at Community Health Centers Located in Banjarbaru, Indonesia
Authors:   Islamic University of Kalimantan, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Yuliani Yuliani , Widyanti Rahmi ,   Islamic University of Kalimantan, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Khuzaini Khuzaini ,   Islamic University of Kalimantan, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Netty Netty ,   Islamic University of Kalimantan, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Ardiansyah Ardiansyah ,   Islamic University of Kalimantan, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Widyarni Ari ,   Islamic University of Kalimantan, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Ilmi M. Bahrul ,   Islamic University of Kalimantan, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Published: October 2023

Based on data from the Banjarbaru City electronic Nutrition Reporting Recording application, the highest cases of stunting toddlers at the Landasan Ulin Community Health Center were 131 people (19.8%) while children aged 0-23 months who were stunted were 72 people (19.7%) which still did not reach the national target of 14%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with stunting incidence in terms of age, sex, Early Breastfeeding Initiation and exclusive breastfeeding. This research at the Landasan Ulin Community Health Center in Banjarbaru City used a cross sectional design. The population of this study was children aged 0-23 months. Determination of samples using systematic random sampling with a total of 165 children. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square and multivariate assays using multiple logistic regression tests. Based on the results of the analysis, children aged 0-23 months exposed to stunting amounted to 19.4%. The results of the Chi-Square test showed three variables that had a significant relationship with the incidence of child stunting, Early Breastfeeding Initiation and exclusive breastfeeding. The results of multiple logistic regression tests show that the most dominant factor related to the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-23 months is Early Breastfeeding Initiation. It is expected that there will be a regular increase in health promotion to breastfeeding mothers, direct visits to homes and socialization of the early initiation of breastfeeding procedures to relevant officers and the community.
Characteristics of Inpatients with Diabetic Ulcers in Margono Soekarjo County Hospital, Indonesia: A Retrospective Study
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine Jenderal Soedirman University, Aulia Rahma Zafira Zahra , Fawzy Ahmad ,   Department of Surgery, 1Faculty of Medicine Jenderal Soedirman University – Margono Soekarjo County Hospital, Indonesia
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Diabetic ulcers, common complications of poorly managed diabetes mellitus, significantly impact physical well-being, afflicting 25% of diabetes patients. We conducted a retrospective study at Margono Soekarjo County Hospital in Indonesia to comprehensively describe demographic and clinical characteristics, aiming to inform prevention, management, and patient-centered care strategies. Methods: Using secondary data and a cross-sectional approach, we collected information from inpatients with diabetic ulcers at Margono Soekarjo County Hospital in 2020-2021, profiling age, gender, education, occupation, blood sugar levels, and ulcer sites. Results: Most inpatients were female (56.1%), aged over 60 (46.1%), with primary school education (33.9%). The majority had blood glucose levels >200 mg/dl (58.6%), and foot ulcers were predominant (91.8%). Discussion: Diabetic ulcers, affecting 25% of diabetes patients, result from poorly managed diabetes and significantly impact physical well-being. Our findings align with global trends, highlighting disparities in education and employment that affect healthcare access. Conclusion: Addressing these disparities and improving blood glucose management is crucial to mitigate the diabetes burden. Our study underscores the need for tailored public health strategies in Indonesia with potential global relevance.
Biosimilars: An Emerging Therapeutic Approach
Authors:   MET’s Institute of D Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, India, Kajale Mansi , Kakuste Sahil ,   MET’s Institute of D Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, India, Raut Hemant ,   MET’s Institute of D Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, India, Kakad Amit ,   MET’s Institute of D Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, India, Shaikh M.R.N ,   MET’s Institute of D Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, India
Published: October 2023

A biosimilar is an extremely similar version of an existing medication. Biologics' cost, manufacture, administration, and clinical efficacy differ from those of chemically produced medications in certain aspects. Chemical and clinical equivalency to branded, original, low molecular weight chemical pharmaceuticals whose patents have expired defines generic medications. These are offered under a generic name and are practically the same thing as the original product. By 2020, many important biologics are expected to lose their patent protection, giving other biopharmaceutical companies the chance to create comparable biologics. After the first biosimilar was approved in early 2000, the use of biosimilars and similar biologics has expanded in recent years. One of the top producers of comparable biologics is India. In 2012, India created a new regulation for the pre- and post-marketing approval of comparable biologics. The biosimilar’s mode of action mirrors that of its reference drugs and results in very comparable outcomes. Some disorders, including some forms of cancer, can be treated with biologics and their biosimilars. Additionally, numerous medical disorders are treated with biosimilars. Crohn’s disease, arthritis, and ulcerative colitis.
A Review on Potentiality of Marine Algae in Environmental Sustainability
Authors:   Department of Botany, Nirmala College for Womenohh, Eluvathingal Aleena. B. , T.V. Amitha ,   Department of Botany, Nirmala College for Women, Rosario3 J. Carolin Joe ,   Department of Botany, Nirmala College for Women
Published: October 2023

Marine algae are substantial in their natural habitats and even more now in the world of green technology. The essential products extracted from marine algae are highly analyzed areas in impulsive product research. The diverse development in the employment of algae to conquer the environmental complications has stimulated the assurance of achieving the sustainability. The word sustainability represents the comprehensively productive improvements of the environment that encircle an amble compelling and their management. The hasty growth of the population and rapid civilization has led mankind to the exhaustive exploitation of nature and its vibrant resources. However, today humans have realized the catastrophes instigated because of their preceding errors and have already been facing future sustenance challenges. Today, it has turned out to be a challenging task to discover and to develop an eco-friendly, cost-effective and cutting-edge strategies to encounter the current sustainability glitches like, sustainable agriculture solutions, feedstock crisis, pollution, carbon neutrality, industrial effluents and waste water treatment, energy crisis and xenobiotic components that contaminates the natural ecosystem. Marine algae are very good source of bioactive compounds as it is rich in dietary fiber, omega 3 fatty acids, carotenoids, vitamins and minerals. They are effectively crucial due to its extensive spectrum of applications as food, fodder, pisciculture, fertilizer etc. Thus the present review discusses the far ranging opportunities of using marine algae for environmental sustainability
Aspek Hukum Surat Tanda Nomor Kendaraan Yang Pajaknya Telah Habis Masa Berlaku Saat Dilakukan Pemeriksaan Oleh Polisi Lalu Lintas
Authors: Abrahamsz Patricia Julia
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The ticket is a fine imposed by the police on road users who violate the regulation. Vehicle registration certificate or STNK for short, is proof of registration and ratification of a motorized vehicle based on its registered identity and ownership. Motor Vehicle Tax is a tax levied on ownership and/or ownership of motorized vehicles. 

Purposes of the Research: The traffic police have the authority to provide evidence of violations (tickets) in the form of confiscating vehicle registration certificates during motor vehicle inspections. What legal policy is followed by motor vehicle users whose Vehicle Registration Certificate has expired.  

Methods of the Research: This study clearly includes normative legal with secondary data. The main problem in this study obviously is achieved by using a juridical-normative approach.

Results Originality of the Research: The results of this study were the police have the authority in terms of traffic violations such as vehicle registration tickets whose taxes have expired. All regulations regarding vehicle registration tickets by the police are regulated in the Traffic and Road Transport Law, Law no. 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police and Government Regulation No. 80 of 2012 concerning Procedures for Inspection of Motorized Vehicles on the Road and Enforcement of Traffic and Road Transportation Violations. Legal policies that can be carried out include preventive measures that carry out traffic regulation, conduct traffic control, socialize to the public to comply with traffic regulations, increase the number of police facilities and increase patrol escort activities, especially in vulnerable and vulnerable areas. Meanwhile, for repressive efforts, namely by issuing ticket and reprimand.
Kebijakan Penanggulangan Prostitusi Online Melalui Media Sosial
Authors: Samusamu Roygers , Pasalbessy Jhon Dirk , Adam Sherly
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The existence of a criminal law policy in an effort to combat online prostitution cannot be separated from the existence of cases of online prostitution in Indonesia.

Purposes of the Research:  The current positive law regulations have not been able to tackle the crime of online prostitution through social media in Indonesia. So it needs to be reviewed in formulating criminal provisions relating to online prostitution to create a better arrangement in the future.

Methods of the Research: Type of research: normative juridical, the approach used is the statute approach, the conceptual approach, and the case approach. The sources of legal materials used are Primary Legal Materials, Secondary Legal Materials and Tertiary Legal Materials. The technique for reviewing and collecting primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials is to use documentation studies. The data analysis used in normative legal research is qualitative analysis

Results of the Research: Based on the results of the study, it was found that the concept of online prostitution prevention policies through social media can be overcome with feminist policies so that they can position women according to conditions with criminalization, legalization and decriminalization approaches by eliminating criminal acts of online prostitution through social media based on the socio-cultural background of the Indonesian people and state, while other approaches can also be considered as a policy concept for overcoming the crime of online prostitution through social media. The policy of overcoming the crime of online prostitution through social media has been integrated with criminal law because online prostitution through social media can be handled using criminal law outside the Criminal Code which has a special nature, namely Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the eradication of criminal acts of trafficking in persons. the shortcomings of the Criminal Code, therefore in an effort to overcome the crime of online prostitution, policies are needed that can provide guarantees and protection to women as perpetrators of online prostitution with various policies and approaches born from socio-cultural values.
Pengenaan Sanksi Pidana Denda Bagi Orang Yang Menolak Untuk Divaksin
Authors: Laimeheriwa Rivaldo , Hehanussa Deassy Jacomina Anthoneta , Hattu Jacob
Published: October 2023

Introduction: People still feel unsafe and refuse vaccines to prevent Covid-19.Purposes of the Research: This review aims to discuss and analyze the imposition of criminal sanctions, fines and refusal of vaccines as being categorized as criminal acts.Methods of the Research: This writing is yuridis normatif.ast the Statute Approach, Conceptual Approach,and Case Approach sources of legal materials use in research on legal materials primer,legal materials sekunder.supporting data and information are identified and the systematicallyanalyzed for interpretation abd argumentation to gt conclusion about the problemResults of the Research: Thet imposition of fine for vaccine refusal is a criminal sanction that basically guarantees the rehabilitation of prepetratros, but fine are often imposed as a threat to human freedom
Penetapan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 21 Di Tengah Corona Virus Disease 19 Dalam Anggaran Pendapatan Dan Belanja Negara
Authors: Limbers Johanes Kristianto Pratama , Nirahua Salmon Eliazer Marthen , Tita Heillen Martha Yosephine
Published: October 2023

Introduction: This research discusses the Covid 19 pandemic which has an impact on tax revenue collection so that it affects the state revenue and expenditure budget.Purposes of the Research: To find out and analyze state revenue through Article 21 income tax during the corona virus disease 19 period in accordance with the determination of the state revenue and expenditure budget..Methods of the Research: This study uses a normative juridical research type with a descriptive analysis type of research which in the problem approach uses a law, conceptual and case approach with primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials which are then used qualitative analysis techniques.Results of the Research: The Covid-19 pandemic has actually become a threat to all countries and all aspects, so it is not surprising that Article 21 income tax which is part of taxes in general and sources of state finances is also being threatened. As is known, in order to finance state expenditures, it must be stated in the state revenue and expenditure budget. Both the 2020, 2021 and 2022 state revenue and expenditure budgets continue to divert budgets for sectors impacted by Covid 19, one of which is the Article 21 income tax, which is then given incentives by the government for taxpayers. in accordance with the determination of the state revenue and expenditure budget due to Covid 19.
Kesesuaian Putusan Pengadilan Agama Ambon Nomor 220/Pdt.G/2021/Pa.Ab Tentang Izin Berpoligami
Authors: Hart Iftin Yuninda , Angga La Ode , Fataruba Sabri
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The Marriage Law adheres to the principle of monogamy because the law and religion of the person concerned allows it, a husband can have more than one wife if he meets the requirements.Purposes of the Research:  To review the Ambon Religious Court through its decision Number 220/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Ab has given permission to the applicant to carry out polygamy without fulfilling the provisions contained in the Law.Methods of the Research: The writing method is normative juridical, with three approaches, namely the conceptual approach, the statutory approach and the case approach.Results of the Research: The results of this research show that the decision of the Ambon Religious Court Number 220/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Ab which has given permission to the applicant to practice polygamy is contrary to Article 4 paragraph 2 of the Marriage Law.
Pertimbangan Hukum Hakim Terhadap Kasus Penelantaran Dalam Rumah Tangga
Authors: Risakotta Edwin C , Sopacua Margie Gladies , Lokollo Leonie
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The judge's consideration of domestic neglect cases is very important considering that domestic neglect is part of domestic violence.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study aims to examine what is the basis for the judge's legal considerations for household investigation cases in the study of decision No. 120/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Amb and review and explain whether the crime given by the judge has had a deterrent effect on the perpetrator.Methods of the Research: The author uses Normative Juridical legal research which obtains data from literature studies in the form of laws, documents, books, magazines and other literature related to writing. Results of the Research: The results of this research show that the Ambon District Court judges in sentencing the perpetrators of domestic neglect crimes, the judges consider juridically, sociologically, and philosophically. Thus, the sanctions given by the judge to the perpetrator of the criminal act of domestic abuse have not had a deterrent effect, because the judge in making decisions considers more of the things that relieve the offender.