bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An examiner of China commercial banks loans through credit channel prior COVID-19
Authors: Farajnezhad Mohammad
Published: October 2023

Purpose- China's economy has greatly developed in the last few decades, catapulting the nation to the second-biggest economy in the world. Financial growth took off over the last couple of decades because of the nation's expansion into the world economy and support for monetary policy. The purpose of this study is to analyse commercial bank-level data to examine a credit channel of the monetary policy transmission mechanism in emerging economies, such as China, from BRICS countries. Among the important questions that central banks, economists, and policymakers have raised in this area are: Does the impact of bank characteristics and macroeconomic variables affect the amount of loans in China? Do interacting bank characteristics and macroeconomic elements affect the amount of a loan in China?
Methodology- Data analysis is achieved using static panel data with a random-effect model. 216 commercial banks in China were used as a sample, and the study was conducted from 2009 to 2018. The statistical software Stata is utilised for data analysis.
Findings- According to findings from China's statistics, the capital ratio, GDP, inflation, and ROA interactions have a statistically significant but negative impact on the loan amount. The hypothesis is that capital ratio, total assets, and return on assets have a statistically significant and positive effect on the amount of the loan. The robust standard error coefficient showing a probable causal relationship between the variables was positive. Also,the results demonstrate that macroeconomic factors like interest rates, GDP, and inflation have a statistically insignificant positive impact on loan amounts. Hence, this study found enough evidence to accept the hypothesis that the loan amount had an insignificant effect.
Conclusion- The authors contribute to the existing literature by identifying the key determinants of monetary policy transmission channels through credit in China and, furthermore, through a country-level data analysis and disaggregation at the commercial bank level, as well as economic conditions.
Keywords: Panel Data, Banks, Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism, Credit Channel, China economy.
JEL Codes: C23; E51; E52
Investigating Hispanic Preservice Teachers’ Mathematics Anxiety, Attitudes, and Self-Efficacy
Authors: PERRY Cody , SAMPSON Seth , AYALA-DİAZ Melinda
Published: October 2023

Math anxiety plagues students and teachers and may cause reduced math competency, avoidance of math courses, and physiological symptoms. This study investigated Hispanic pre-service teachers’ math anxiety, self-efficacy, and coping strategies. Previous research found that math-anxious teachers may promote the same feelings in their students and choose less effective teaching strategies. Therefore, we wanted to identify the incidence of anxiety in our Hispanic teacher candidate population while identifying potential differences from previous studies. Very few past investigations looked at this population exclusively and findings from other populations may not apply to our candidates and teachers. We collected data using a digital survey instrument and found math anxiety correlated with low self-efficacy and poor attitudes toward mathematics. Quizzes and exams, statistics, and probability caused the most anxiety among our participants. The most common way participants coped with their anxiety was to study more, followed by mindfulness and test-taking strategies. Based on our findings, math anxiety is quite common among Hispanic teacher candidates and should be studied further since many used coping strategies that did not appear to help even though they have shown promise in previous studies.
Креативные практики образования для устойчивого будущего
Authors: Князева Елена Николаевна
Published: October 2023

Развитие креативности в образовательных и педагогических практиках анализируется в статье как фундамент современной образовательной политики, ориентированной на устойчивое будущее. В статье демонстрируется значимость трех подходов для практик креативного преподавания и креативного обучения: энактивизма, теории сложных систем и концепций мультиверса. Энактивизм фокусирует внимание на построении креативных и интерактивных образовательных сред и на развитии креативности индивидов от среды. Системный подход, базирующийся на понимании динамики сложных процессов, порождающих новые необычные, эмерджентные качества, позволяет понять способы пробуждения способностей учеников в их совместной деятельности с учителем. Ставшие популярными концепции множества миров (мультиверса) обосновывают многовариантность развития и наличие альтернатив как в настоящем, так и в будущем, причем увеличение разнообразия сегодня ведет к устойчивости завтрашнего роста. Мышление, пролиферирующее множество возможностей, смелость, необходимая для постановки вопросов, интерактивность и игра, эмоциональный интеллект и способность к воображению, осознанность и погружение, самодетерминация и умение взять на себя ответственность за допускаемый риск становятся необходимыми составляющими образовательных пространств, в которых креативность востребована как со стороны учащихся, так и со стороны преподавателей. Креативная педагогика партисипативна и лишена менторского тона со стороны преподавателя; она становится образовательным приключением с открытым концом, в котором происходят взаимное стимулирование и личностный рост. Креативная педагогика придает ценность обретению такого знания, которое, в свою очередь, становится инструментом получения новых знаний, а также соединению мышления и действия, что имеет ключевое значение для формирования умения отвечать на вызовы инновационного социального развития.
Представления о власти как объект исторического исследования
Authors: Марей Александр Владимирович
Published: October 2023

В статье ставится проблема представлений о власти как объекта исторического исследования. Проведя анализ отечественной традиции мышления о власти и представлений о ней, автор подчеркивает, что для русскоязычных исследователей власть, как правило, мыслится как вневременная, аисторичная сущность. Это приводит к тому, что в работах историков все внимание сосредотачивается на анализе властной атрибутики, властных ритуалов и церемоний. При этом игнорируются средневековые теории власти, для отечественных исследователей их подменяет дефиниция, данная Максом Вебером. Автор отмечает, что власть и представления о власти обладают различной природой: в то время как власть сама по себе имеет социально-психологическую природу, понятие власти и представления о ней имеют природу социально-лингвистическую. Это означает прежде всего, что они возникают в языковой среде, в ней живут и развиваются. Соответственно, изучение представлений о власти без пристального внимания к языку эпохи и к существовавшим тогда дискурсивным модальностям мышления о власти будет заведомо неполным и не принесет удовлетворительных результатов. В заключительной части статьи автор предлагает пути для преодоления сложившейся ситуации. Главным образом речь идет о необходимости усилить внимание к дискурсивным моделям разговора о власти, принятым в ту или иную эпоху. Обращение к языку подразумевает в данном случае детальный анализ существующих теоретических построений о власти, созданных в рассматриваемую эпоху. Лишь после этого кажется легитимным обращение к анализу церемоний, ритуалов и символов.
Суждение как политическая проблема
Authors: Марей Мария Дмитриевна
Published: October 2023

Данная статья посвящена краткому исследованию понятия суждения в философии Ханны Арендт. Когда современные философы в своих политико-философских размышлениях обращаются к понятию суждения как человеческой способности, обязанности или политической добродетели, то первой чаще всего вспоминают Ханну Арендт. Именно она в своих «Лекциях по политической философии Канта», в книге «Эйхман в Иерусалиме» и во множестве статей рассуждала о том, что же это такое — суждение. Есть ли у нас внятно сформулированное понятие о суждении? Является ли оно человеческой способностью — такой же, как способность к чтению или письму? Представляет ли оно собой часть разума или рассудка? Необходимо ли оно или это опциональная способность, без которой человек может прожить замечательную жизнь, ни в чем не испытывая недостатка? Предполагает ли оно умение размышлять, теоретизировать или этот навык лучше нарабатывается в практической жизни, политической жизни, а не в созерцательной? У Арендт можно найти ответы и на эти вопросы, и на тот, который, наверное, больше всего волнует тех, кто обращается к ее текстам о понятии суждения, — на вопросы о том, почему и когда эта человеческая способность обретает политическое измерение и какие у этого есть антропологические последствия. В статье мы рассмотрим определение понятия суждения, зададимся вопросом о том, как оно связано с понятием свободы, с мышлением, и обратимся к исследованию сферы политического, где человек, как свободное, действующее и мыслящее существо, реализуется в полной мере.
Политическая субъектность науки перед вызовами искусственного интеллекта
Authors: Порус Владимир Натанович
Published: October 2023

Дискуссия о статье Валентина Бажанова «Искусственный интеллект, технологии Big Data (больших данных) и особенности современного политического процесса».
Политический потенциал цифровых технологий
Authors: Масланов Евгений Валерьевич
Published: October 2023

Дискуссия о статье Валентина Бажанова «Искусственный интеллект, технологии Big Data (больших данных) и особенности современного политического процесса».
Политическая субъектность науки в свете датацентризма
Authors: Жарков Евгений Александрович
Published: October 2023

Дискуссия о статье Валентина Бажанова «Искусственный интеллект, технологии Big Data (больших данных) и особенности современного политического процесса».
Связь переустройства общества и переделки человека
Authors: Тульчинский Григорий Львович
Published: October 2023

Дискуссия о статье Сергея Никольского «Переустройство общества, пересоздание человека: крах иллюзий».
«Смотрю в окно...»
Authors: Желвакова Ирена Александровна
Published: October 2023

Мемуарные зарисовки.
Письма в Прагу
Authors: Тесля Андрей Александрович
Published: October 2023

Рецензия на: Флоровский Г. Письма к брату Антонию / сост., прим. и вступ. ст. Л. Киейзик. — М. : Изд-во ПСТГУ, 2021.
“It is not That Easy to Escape the Supernatural”
Authors: Стенина Мария Вячеславовна
Published: October 2023

Review of: Névot, A. 2023. Le ressac de l’altérité. Marc Richir et Pierre Clastres à l’épreuve de l’ethnologie [in French]. Wuppertal: Association Internationale de Phénoménologie
Бремя ответственности
Authors: Гайда Федор Александрович
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматривается вопрос о направлениях идейной трансформации народничества в период его острого кризиса в 1880-е гг. Автор исходит из того, что гипертрофированное отношение народников к идее личной ответственности было осознано ими как тупиковое и потребовало радикального пересмотра. Исследование опирается на публицистику и источники личного происхождения, связанные с народнической средой. Автор приходит к выводу о наличии целого ряда разноплановых последствий происходившей рефлексии. Г.И. Успенский полностью пересмотрел базовое народническое представление о взаимоотношениях народа и образованного общества. Новая концепция «настоящей интеллигенции», сформулированная в рамках «теории малых дел», переносила объект ответственности с народа на самого себя и в перспективе создавала почву для широкой общенародной социальной активности. Принципиальный отказ от персональной ответственности (Н.М. Минский) создавал идейные условия для развития нового искусства периода Серебряного века. В политической сфере появилась возможность для синтезирования социалистического принципа справедливости и либерального принципа личных прав (Д.И. Шаховской), благодаря чему началось складывание идеологии кадетской партии (конституционализм, социальный либерализм). Однако объектом ответственности вместо народа могла стать не только личность, но и класс (воспринимаемый как лучшая часть народа) или государство (как выражение единства народа). Автор статьи приходит к выводу, что таким образом происходила эволюция таких народников, как Г.В. Плеханов и Л.А. Тихомиров. По мнению исследователя, в ходе переоценки ценностей народничества в 1880-е гг. родился целый ряд значимых для начала ХХ в. явлений культурной и политической жизни России.
Атеизм без свободы
Authors: Голубов Михаил Дмитриевич , Курилович Иван Сергеевич
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматривается проблема гетерономности субъекта самосознания в рамках философского проекта французского неогегельянца Александра Кожева. Цель атеистической философии Кожева — возвращение человеку достоинства свободного существа в ситуации отсутствия внемирного бессмертного бога, например, в его христианском понимании. С этой целью Кожев прибегает к найденной или сконструированной им феноменологии Гегеля — Хайдеггера. Она помогает ему обнаружить происхождение человеческого самосознания из желания, а не из разума, как полагала классическая философия. Эта же феноменология используется им для аргументации принципиальной конечности (смертности) человека. В статье демонстрируется, что Кожев неэссенциалистски выводит появление человеческого самосознания из неприродного желания признания. Его аргументы, направленные в первую очередь против Декарта, призваны доказать автономность самосознания, что, согласно мысли Кожева, совпадает с атеистической интуицией о несуществовании Бога — как монотеистического, так и философского. Противоположный атеистскому теистический тезис, по мнению Кожева, делает самосознание гетерономным: мыслит и действует не человек, а бесконечный Бог, в то время как человек полностью лишается агентности как субъект. В статье предлагаются реконструкция аргументации Кожева по его текстам разных лет и ее анализ. Мы приходим к выводу, что свобода человека доказана Кожевом только в одном из узких смыслов этого слова. Критика теистической позиции необязательно приводит к доказательству автономности эго, как рассчитывал Кожев. Кроме того, исходя из поставленных им самим условий, мы делаем вывод, что контринтуитивный атеисту Бог не является единственным возможным условием гетерономности эго, что сближает Кожева с «мастерами подозрения».
Efeitos da Intangibilidade e da Gestão do Capital de Giro Sobre a Dificuldade Financeira Empresarial
Authors: Fernandes de Barcellos João , Cardoso Moreira Nadia , Neris Nossa Silvania
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Analisar se a intangibilidade, o capital de giro, e a gestão do capital de giro, influenciam o nível de dificuldade financeira das empresas.

Método: Utilizamos uma métrica de dificuldade financeira que separa as empresas entre 3 níveis de dificuldade financeira, diferindo de grande parte da literatura que só separa as empresas que estão ou não em dificuldade financeira. Para testar os efeitos da intangibilidade, capital de giro, e gestão do capital de giro sobre os diferentes níveis de dificuldade financeira, foi utilizado um modelo Probit Ordenado utilizando uma amostra de 1.968 observações de empresas listadas na B3 de 2010 a 2020.

Resultados:  Indicam que empresas com maior capital de giro possuem maior probabilidade de estarem em menores níveis de dificuldade financeira. Além disso, encontramos evidências de que quanto pior a gestão do capital de giro maior a probabilidade de a empresa estar em maiores níveis de dificuldade financeira. Não encontramos evidências com relação à intangibilidade.

Contribuições: Os resultados encontrados contribuem para a literatura ao incrementar os modelos de dificuldade financeira utilizando uma nova métrica; e contribuem, também, às empresas para evitar, mitigar, ou melhor lidar, com uma situação financeira desfavorável ao tratar de decisões de gestão de financeira.
Contribuições dos Congressos ANPCONT para a Pesquisa em Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público
Authors: De Vasconcelos Rosa Gabriel , Portulhak Henrique
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Investigou-se a contribuição do Congresso ANPCONT para a pesquisa em Contabilidade Aplicada ao Setor Público (CASP). Apresenta-se as características dos trabalhos discutidos nas áreas temáticas de CASP, identifica-se sua conversibilidade em publicações definitivas e indica as características destas publicações definitivas.

Método: Utilizou-se o método ProKnow-C para análise do material bibliográfico, especificamente as etapas de seleção de portfólio bibliográfico e de análise sistêmica. Na análise sistêmica, seis lentes de análise foram aplicadas, sendo: tema, paradigma, teoria, método, campo e conversão.

Resultados: Os trabalhos em CASP obtiveram uma conversibilidade inferior à conversibilidade geral identificada em estudos anteriores. Uma maior quantidade de trabalhos apresentados em determinado evento não resultou em maior conversão em periódicos. Nota-se uma dominância do paradigma New Public Management, da abordagem quantitativa e das estratégias documentais; um maior emprego de teorias econômicas, municípios como campo empírico preferencial e o protagonismo de temas como eficiência e gestão fiscal.

Contribuições: A baixa conversibilidade e a identificação das características dos trabalhos convertidos em publicações definitivas suscitam reflexões para pesquisadores, coordenadores de área e organizadores de eventos científicos. Entende-se que a abordagem a paradigmas pós-NPM pode conduzir a uma maior pluralidade de temas, teorias e métodos, proporcionando maior alinhamento às tendências internacionais.
Gig Work in Post Pandemic Times: Does it an Agile Work Structure?
Authors: Mohamed Syuhaida , Mat Nik Hazimah Nik
Published: October 2023

Gig economy is known as situations where workers work based on demand or known as ‘online gig work’, or on-demand economy’. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of gig work configuration to overcome the post pandemic impacts. Qualitative research design is employed to answer the research question. Data for this study was collected from the online sellers in Malaysia using online interview. The phenomenology approach is adopted to analyses the data with labour context perspectives. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the interview data. The underlying assumption of gig works implementation are explored and lead to the understanding of its effectiveness in terms of providing sustainable income and solving financial difficulties due to the Covid-19 impacts. Findings suggest that most Malaysia gig workers was involved in the gig works due to financial difficulties during pandemic. However, the potential of this flexible work structure outnumbered its challenges, suggesting a huge opportunity for gig works system to be utilized by the people. Findings also discovered the awareness among respondents to equip themselves with communication skills, content writing, information technology, leadership skills and product knowledge. The findings imply that the social support could be geared up to assist the people in dealing with the challenges of this flexible work system realizing its huge potential to minimize the detrimental impacts of the pandemic and uncertain economic conditions.
Working Capital Management And Firms’ Profitability In Emerging Markets: The Case Of Nigeria Listed Consumer Goods Companies
Authors: Bakare Taophic Olarewaju , Aliyu Almustapha Alhaji , Nurudeen Abdulfatai Olanrewaju , Fakunmoju Kamoru Segun
Published: October 2023

Detrimental impact of various global financial crises on manufacturing enterprises' ability to meet their financial obligations as well as recover money from customers has rendered numerous businesses inoperable. This study examined working capital management and firms’ profitability in emerging market, Nigeria listed consumer goods companies for the period 2011-2021. Data were extracted from the financial statement of the sampled companies with the use of purposeful sampling technique. Using the GMM estimator technique, the finding revealed that account payable has positive and statistically significant effect on return on equity while cash conversion circle has negative and insignificant effect at 5% level of significant respectively. The study concluded that accounts payable was found to increase the likelihood of profitability. Therefore, governments should make efforts to provide adequate infrastructure, such as a constant and stable electricity supply, a good road network, and a rail system, to facilitate cost-effective production and the movement of goods.
Factors Influencing Tax Compliance Intention Among Self-Employed in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Mohamad Amri , Rusli Amirah Hasanah , Kamaluddin Amrizah
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the behavioral factors which could influence the tax compliance intention among self-employed registered taxpayers in Kelantan. The current study applied the three components of behavioral elements under the Theory of Planned Behavior which are attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Questionnaires were distributed to the respondents around various cities in Kelantan. Analyses were carried out based on the 90 survey data. Cronbach’s alpha test was used to check the reliability of the data set while a regression model was conducted to test the hypotheses. The findings confirmed that attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have significant influence on tax compliance. The findings of the study implied that the intention to comply with tax compliance emerges from a positive attitude of taxpayers to comply with the tax obligations.
Factors Influencing Customer Satisfaction In Using J&T Express Service Delivery During Covid-19 Pandemic In Malaysia
Authors: Jaafar Nurul Nahwal Amini , Noor Yuhanis Mohamed , Pazil Afifah Hanim Md
Published: October 2023

On April 1, 2022, Malaysia transitioned from the Covid-19 pandemic's epidemic phase. The shift to the endemic phase, which allows Malaysians to resume a nearly normal life after two years of fighting the pandemic, is a strategy for exiting the situation. It has produced some unanticipated disruptions, exacerbated some pre-existing trends, and compelled us to make some adjustments to our way of life. Even after COVID-19 is no longer a public health threat, some of these modifications most likely will not disappear. Many of these changes, like the expansion of delivery options for customers and businesses, will be advantageous. Access to goods and services could be made simpler, which could raise everyone's standard of living. In Malaysia, the government urges to utilize the online services and delivery services such as J&T Express. J&T Express is well-known for providing logistical services, particularly in the areas of parcel and document delivery. The purpose of this study was to look into the factors that influence customer satisfaction, such as price, reliability, and responsiveness, when using J&T Express Service Delivery during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia. These factors are critical since customers are likely to remain satisfied till services become more enticing. The analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for Social Science Software version 26 and an online survey questionnaire distributed to 150 respondents (SPSS 26). Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. This study proves that responsiveness variable is the most influential factor influencing customer satisfaction in using J&T Express delivery service during the COVID-19 pandemic among customers in Malaysia. Therefore, J&T Express Delivery need to pay attention on the responsiveness element to ensure the quality of services provided to customers that can boost customer satisfaction.
The Decision Factors in Online Food Delivery Services Selection during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pazil Afifah Hanim Md , Amran Nurfarhana , Hussin Kasmaruddin Che
Published: October 2023

An infectious disease known as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a worldwide health disaster. This issue also significantly impacted the world economy, including Malaysia. The government encourages business operators to shift to online business services to control the spread of the COVID-19 virus. This has caused most businesses, especially the food industry, to change their strategy by operating their company on online platforms. This research investigated the decision factors in online food delivery service selection, specifically amidst the COVID-19 outbreak in Malaysia. To achieve the study’s objective; descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied. Safety, time, convenience and price value were the four factors examined. The result discovered that safety, time and price value significantly influence the selection of online food delivery services amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Among those variables, time was the strongest explanatory factor. The findings of this study may assist the food distribution companies in Malaysia to improve and enhance their service quality to cater to various consumers’ preferences.
Core-Shaped Tools from the Early Pleistocene Deposits at Bairaki, Moldova
Authors: Anisyutkin N. K.
Published: October 2023

This a rticle deals with a series of core-shaped tools from Early Pleistocene deposits (layers 5 and 6) of the stratifi ed site of Bairaki, located on high above-fl oodplain terrace VII of the Dniester, in the outskirts of Dubăsari, Moldova. The site was discovered in 2010 by the joint Russian-Moldovan archaeological expedition and excavated in 2011– 2014. The interdisciplinary studies revealed six layers with Early Paleolithic artifacts. Two lowest layers (5 and 6) are associated with the channel alluvium of terrace VII. The paleomagnetic studies have shown that these deposits correspond to the Jaramillo episode of the Matuyama epoch. The lithic industry of layers 5 and 6 are comparable to the Late Oldowan. Most artifacts are made of poor quality fl int; there are also pebble tools made of non-silicic rocks. Most lithics are small. A distinct series of core-shaped end-scrapers and side-scrapers made on residual cores (9 spec.), fragments (1 spec.), and fl akes (5 spec.) is identifi ed. All these tools are robust and had been processed in a similar way. They are made of pebbles no larger than 6 сm. The steep working edges of all implements in this series are heavily retouched. Similar items have been recorded from the Early Paleolithic materials of the region. Such tools were widespread in the Early Paleolithic of Africa and Eurasia. The earliest pieces were found in the Bed I assemblage of the Olduvai Gorge.
On the Attribution of Lithic Industry from the Early Paleolithic Site of Bogatyri/Sinyaya Balka, the Taman Peninsula
Authors: Kulakov S. A.
Published: October 2023

The study describes and compares lithic artifacts from the Early Paleolithic site of Bogatyri/Sinyaya Balka, as well as those collected in coastal screes and on the nearby beach. Interdisciplinary studies, which have been ongoing at the site for more than 20 years, have made it possible to conclude that the age of the site exceeds 1 mln years, and that it was a butchering place. In the Early Pleistocene, a lacustral crater of a mud volcano was situated nearby. This mud marsh was a place where many large mammals such as Taman elephants and Caucasian elasmotheres bathed and perished. Humans procured them before they had drowned, and butchered them, as evidenced by the specifi c toolkit. The industry of the site is attributed to the Taman variety of the Oldowan stage of the Early Paleolithic. As the comparative analysis indicates, lithics from the screes and from the beach near the site are morphologically different from those at the site. The rocks of which they are made are of a higher quality, and the types are more expressive, which especially concerns cores and spalls. This industry should be attributed to the Taman variety of the Acheulean stage of the Early Paleolithic.
Gazma Cave—A Final Middle Paleolithic Site in Azerbaijan: Paleogeography, Chronology, Archaeology
Authors: Zeynalov A. A. , Anoikin A. A. , Kulakov S. A. , Otcherednoy A. K. , Kurbanov R. N.
Published: October 2023

This article describes the Middle Paleolithic industry of Gazma Cave in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. We present data on the stratigraphy, paleontology, chronology, and archaeology of the site. Six lithological layers were identifi ed, three of which (IV–VI) contain abundant archaeological material. The chronology of the site is based on a series of luminescence ages. The deposition of layers IV–VI formed ~55–40 ka BP. Paleontological, pollen, and grain size analysis offer the possibility of reconstructing Late Pleistocene environments around the cave. Faunal analysis indicates steppe, semi-steppe, and wooded mountains, with riparian forests and reeded areas in the fl oodlands. The analysis of 896 artifacts attests to the predominance of Levallois and parallel reduction. The share of Levallois blanks is high. The most common artifacts are Levallois and Mousterian points and side-scrapers; there are also limaces, knives, and a few indistinct Upper Paleolithic types such as end-scrapers and borers. Ventral basal trimming of points and ventral or dorsal thinning of side-scrapers were widely used. All the main indicators show the Gazma industry corresponds to the fi nal Middle Paleolithic assemblages currently known in the Southeastern Caucasus.Gazma is an expressive MIS 3 example of the Taglar industry.
A Complex of Stratifi ed Upper Paleolithic Sites in the Foothills of the Northern Tien Shan: General Data and Research Perspectives
Authors: Ozherelyev D. V. , Mamirov T. B.
Published: October 2023

This article examines the key cultural trends and events in the evolution of the Upper Paleolithic in the foothills of the Northern Tien Shan (Zailisky Alatau, Kazakhstan). It outlines the history of Paleolithic studies in southeastern Kazakhstan. We describe the geographic characteristics of the region, the geomorphological positions of sites, and features of sedimentation that infl uenced the preservation of cultural remains in situ. Archaeological materials from key Upper Paleolithic sites are reviewed, including those from stratifi ed sites—Maibulak, Rakhat, and Uzynagash-1, -2. Lithic industries and absolute dates suggest that Maibulak was permanently inhabited during the Early, Middle, and probably Late Upper Paleolithic, materials from the early stages being the most expressive. Early Upper Paleolithic industries display Aurignacian-like characteristics and are paralleled by certain Western Eurasian industries of the same age. The multicomponent site of Rakhat was peopled during the end of the Early Upper Paleolithic, in the Middle Upper Paleolithic, and at the beginning of the Late Upper Paleolithic, documenting the evolution of Upper Paleolithic cultures during the ~30–23 cal ka BP interval. The industries of Rakhat include an Aurignacianlike one, a Middle Upper Paleolithic complex with micro-Gravette-like points, and one with geometric artifacts shaped as scalene triangles. For the fi rst time, results of excavations and prospects of future studies at the new sites Uzynagash-1 and -2, dating to the late Early Upper Paleolithic, are outlined. We conclude that Upper Paleolithic cultures (or industries) of the foothills of the Northern Tien Shan are original, while following a single vector with the Upper Paleolithic of Western Eurasia.
Late Pleistocene Environments of East Kazakhstan (Based on Ushbulak Site Materials)
Authors: Anoikin A. A. , Pavlenok G. D. , Silaev V. I. , Shnaider S. V. , Koval V. V. , Devyatova A. Y. , Vasiliev S. K. , Bocharova E. N. , Kharevich V. M. , Taimagambetov Z. K.
Published: October 2023

We reconstruct environmental conditions at various stages of the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene of East Kazakhstan. The reconstructions are based on materials from the stratified Ushbulak site in the Shilikta Valley, spanning a period from the Early Upper Paleolithic to the Bronze Age. Climatic changes were evaluated using natural science methods-mineralogical, ZooArchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS), OSL- and AMS-dating, etc. Sevaral stages, relating to environmental changes, are evaluated. The fi rst period (~52–37 ka BP) was period of moderately warm and relatively humid climate, with predominantly forest-steppe, meadow-steppe, and semidesert landscapes. The second period (~25–21 ka BP) coincided with a transition from a moderately warm to a very cold and more arid climate dominated by steppes. The third period (~18–16 ka BP) was transitional from the glacial maximum to the postglacial interstadial, with a relatively cool and arid climate and mostly steppe and forest-steppe landscapes. The fourth period (~15–14 ka BP) was characterized by the warmest climate in the Late Pleistocene; steppe and forest-steppe vegetation dominated. During the latest, Early Holocene period, the climate was warm and humid, with savanna-like landscapes. The analysis of natural-climatic conditions allows us to conclude that the early stage of the site’s functioning, characterized by the highest intensity of settlement, was optimal for ancient man.
A New Type of IUP Settlement in the Selenga River Basin, Northern Mongolia: The Kharganyn Gol-13 Short-Term Occupation Site
Authors: Rybin E. P. , Marchenko D. V. , Bolorbat Ts. , Khatsenovich A. M. , Klementiev A. M. , Gunchinsuren B.
Published: October 2023

Here we outline the results of excavations at a recently discovered Initial Upper Paleolithic site, Kharganyn Gol-13, located on a tributary of the Selenga River in northern Mongolia. The Selenga valley and those of its tributaries were key routes along which humans dispersed during the Initial Upper Paleolithic. The concentration of sites of that period is highest here. Most are situated near outcrops of lithic raw material and are classifi ed as relatively long-term quarry-workshops. Excavations at Kharganyn Gol-13 have revealed a single cultural layer in sediments damaged by bioturbation and slope processes. We describe the stratigraphy and spatial structure of the site and its lithic industry, which is shown to belong to the Initial Upper Paleolithic, being dominated by opposite platform bidirectional blade reduction. Analysis of the lithics reveals a lack of available raw materials nearby. Apparently, cores brought to the site were already prepared. All cores are heavily reduced and scarce, tools are frequent. The concentration of lithics is low. We conclude that the site, located at a distance from outcrops of suitable rocks on Selenga River tributaries, was a short-term camp associated with a specifi c activity.
Morpho-Stratigraphy, Sedimentology, and Radiocarbon Chronology of Suyanggae Sites, Focusing on Loc. VI, South Korea
Authors: Kim J. Y. , Lee Y. J. , Woo J. Y. , Lee S. W. , Suh H. S. , Kim K. J. , Yang H. J. , Lee K. W. , Choi W. H. , Oh K. C.
Published: October 2023

We reconstruct the processes of sedimentation at the Suyanggae Paleolithic sites, geomorphologically characterized by fl uvial terraces in the Namhan River, the base level of which is higher than the present river bottom. The fl uvial sedimentary deposits, slope deposits, and paleosols are the main units of surfi cial deposits, constituting the site materials of Suyanggae Loc. VI. According to the representative profi les of the site, the deposits comprise sands and gravel at the bottom part, while sands and fl ooding muds with occasional intercalations of reddish-brown slope muds, as well as rounded or subangular cobbles or boulders, dominate the middle to upper part. Regarding the terrace’s morpho-stratigraphy, Suyanggae Loc. VI is located above the low (second) fl uvial terrace. Considering the chronology of site material formations, Suyanggae Loc. VI was formed in the last glacial period. On the basis of radiocarbon dates obtained for the charcoals from Suyanggae Loc. VI, the age of cultural layers is determined. Cultural layer 2 was formed in the late Upper Paleolithic, and CL 3 and CL 4 are associated with the early Upper Paleolithic. The archaeological assemblage of Suyanggae Loc. VI is described: lithic artifacts of CL 2 are characterized by abundant microblades (ca 20 ka BP, Last Glacial Maximum), while those of CL 3 and CL 4 are associated with tanged points and blades (36–42 ka BP, middle of the last glacial period). Especially noted are a line-engraved cobble stone excavated from the sedimentary matrix of fl uvial origin, and a face-engraved pebble stone found in fl ooding muds. The fi nds are interpreted as manifestation of symbolic human behavior.
Khengerekte-Sukhotino-An Upper Paleolithic Culture in Transbaikalia
Authors: Tashak V. I.
Published: October 2023

During the studies at the Barun-Alan-1 stratified site in Western Transbaikalia, a lithic industry was described, providing a basis for a new archaeological culture, termed Khengerekte. Similar materials were excavated from nearby sites such as Sloistaya Skala and Khenger-Tyn-3 Svyatilishche. A comparative analysis of the Khengerekte industry of Barun-Alan-1 and that from the Sukhotino-4 in southern Chita, Eastern Tranbaikalia, reveals that most of their typological groups are quite similar. On that basis, the culture’s distribution area was extended, and the culture itself was renamed Khengerekte-Sukhotino, spanning ~400 km from Barun-Alan-1 in the west to Unenker in the east. The calendar age of excavated layers of key Khengerekte-Sukhotino sites, Barun-Alan-1 and Sukhotino-4, was estimated at 12–33 ka BP. Their lithic industry, based mainly on microblades, is described. Bifaces, unifaces, and high side-scrapers are common. The origin of the Khengerekte-Sukhotino culture is an open question.
Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene Paleoclimatic Boundaries and Human Settlement of the East Siberian Arctic
Authors: Pitulko V. V.
Published: October 2023

This article examines archaeological records relating to the East Siberian Arctic in the Stone Age. It spans approximately 50,000 years, from the early stage of MIS 3 to the Early Holocene. Human settlement of the region can be divided into three main stages: early (~50,000–29,000 BP, MIS 3), middle (~29,000–11,700 BP, MIS 2), and late (11,700–8000 BP). The peopling of Arctic Eurasia and the cultural evolution in that part of the world were driven both by abiotic and biotic factors, as evidenced by the correspondance between archaeologically detectable changes and key paleoclimatic events. Early human settlement of that region is associated with a population marked by West Eurasian genetic ancestry, whose cultural elements are typical for Southern Siberia. The early settlers were replaced by people displaying East Asian ancestry, migrating northwards under the impact of climatic changes. It is concluded that the successful peopling of the Arctic was facilitated by the adoption of critically important innovations such as sewing with eyed bone needles, and manufacture of long shafts and pointed implements made of mammoth tusks. Lithic industries marking various stages are described. That of the early stage is characterized by fl ake technology; in the middle stage, wedge-shaped core technology appeared; and the principal feature of the late stage is microprismatic technology, indicating total population replacement. The onset of the Holocene coincides with a key innovation—land transportation by dogsled, resulting in much higher mobility.
Late Upper Paleolithic of the South Minusinsk Basin and its Mountain Surroundings: Research Results and Problems
Authors: Vasiliev S. A.
Published: October 2023

This paper briefl y reviews the main Late Upper Paleolithic sites of the Upper Yenisei—in the South Minusinsk Basin and in the adjacent highlands of the West Sayan. Known sites mostly date to the Late Sartan period. They concentrate on the Upper Abakan River, in the Yenisei valley between Maina and Sayanogorsk, and on the Upper Tuba River. Information is provided on the composition of fauna and on pollen data, indicating the predominance of mosaic landscapes with alternating forested and open steppe spaces. Climate fl uctuations of the Final Pleistocene were refl ected in the alternation of phases of herbaceous and forest vegetation. The association of most sites with deposits of the second and third terraces has been established. Certain sites, however, are associated with cover deposits at high elevations, on the one hand, and with the fi rst terrace lowered to the level of the high fl oodplain, on the other. In recent years, the Late Paleolithic of the Upper Yenisei has been considered in the context of the original version of catastrophic fl oods, which presumably occurred repeatedly in the Late Pleistocene. The nature of the stratigraphic sections of the multilayered sites of the Maina group on the Yenisei, however, disagrees with this hypothesis, and indicates continuous alluvial sedimentation in the Sartan Age. A conclusion is made about the predominance of remains of seasonal huntergatherer habitation sites on the riverbanks. But there are also traces of a lithic workshop near the quartzite outcrops (Kuibyshevo II). Unfortunately, no sites earlier than the Late Upper Paleolithic are known in the region, and Mesolithic ones are extremely rare.
A Case of Systemic Connective Tissue Disorder in a Pazyryk Male from the Altai Mountains
Authors: Aristova E. S. , Chikisheva T. A. , Pozdnyakov D. V. , Elyasin P. A.
Published: October 2023

We present the results of an anthropological and paleopathological study of a male skeleton from a Pazyryk kurgan 1 burial 1 at Ak-Alakha-1, the Altai Mountains. The archaeological context testifi es to a rather high social status of this person. His appearance was modeled using a modern facial reconstruction method. The combination of craniometric and anthropometric traits indicates a brachycranic Caucasoid type, which predominated in the male population of the Volga-Ural region and Western Kazakhstan in 600–200 BC. The individual suffered from a systemic disorder of the connective tissue affecting virtually all parts of the skeleton. The case is unique, and the condition is diagnosed as DISH—diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, possibly caused by grave metabolic and endocrine disorders. Judging by his physical type, the male was not native to the Altai Mountains and belonged to a population that was not genetically adapted to that region. This may account for the severity of the rheumatoid disorder, which was aggravated by 4th degree osteoporosis of lumbar vertebrae and pelvic bones and by traumatic lesions of the shoulder girdle.
Isolation and Characteristics of Bioflocculant Producing Bacteria from Vannamei Shrimp Ponds
Authors: Soedibya Petrus Hary Tjahja , Setyawan Agung Cahyo , Palupi Mustika , Fitriadi Ren , Nurhafid Mohammad , Riady Reza Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Developing fish farming technology is an urgent research topic to increase fish farming productivity. Global aquaculture production generated about 50 million tons of fish, in 2020, fishery production reached 214 million tons or IDR 424 billion. Aquatic biota production in 2020, 60% higher than the 1990 average, far exceeded world population growth, largely due to increased aquaculture production. One of the technologies used to increase shrimp aquaculture production is biofloc technology. The main aim of this study was to isolate and briefly characterize bioflocculant bacteria from the Vannamei shrimp pond habitat. Research methods included collecting bacteria, isolating bioflocculant-producing bacteria, purifying bacteria, testing bacterial flocculant activity, and identifying bioflocculant bacteria using 16s rDNA. The results showed that 5 isolates showed the highest bioflocculant activity, namely 20.9-44.40%. The five isolates were identified as Vibrio Navarensis, Staphylococcus gallinarum, Pseudoalteromonas ganghwensis, and Cytobacillus kochii. The highest flocculant activity value was obtained by the bacteria Pseudoalteromonas ganghwensis, which was 43%, and Cytobacillus kochii, which was 44.40%. The flocculating activity has the potential as a flocculating agent.
Pediatric multiple sclerosis: pathogenesis, clinical and radiological features, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Lebedev Valeriy M.
Published: October 2023

Data on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of paediatric multiple sclerosis (PMS), as well as characteristics of the immune and endocrine status of children compared with the population with multiple sclerosis (MS) were analysed using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane, EMBASE, Global Health and RSCI databases. The MS course in children and adults has a number of important differences, which may require the development of different treatment approaches than in adults. At the same time, despite the large number of studies on PMS, the pathogenesis of these above differences remains unclear. PMS is characterised by a more active course than in the adult population and by greater severity of exacerbations; in addition, a more rapid increase in lesion volume and early brain atrophy are observed in the absence of effective treatment. Despite a more rapid and complete regression of the neurological deficit after exacerbations and, consequently, a slower rate of its accumulation, conversion to SPMS and achievement of disability occurs at an earlier age. The characteristics of subsets and functional differences of lymphocytes revealed by immunological studies suggest possible differences in the choice of disease-modifying therapies in children and adults. However, the number of studies on the immune and endocrine status of patients with PMS compared with the adult population is limited and the results are often conflicting. PMS is therefore an important medical and social problem that requires further research to optimise approaches to disease-modifying therapies.
Commentary on the article by V.D. Mendelevich “Semantic void” of a number of psychiatric terms used in the diagnosis of schizophrenia”
Authors: Pashkovskiy Vladimir E.
Published: October 2023

The paper discusses the possibility of using the concept of "semantic void" in psychiatric terminology.
The history of the journal Neurology Bulletin (to the 130th anniversary)
Authors: Sozinov Alexey S. , Mendelevich Vladimir D. , Mitrofanov Ivan A.
Published: October 2023

The article prepared for the anniversary of the Neurological Bulletin journal, describes the history of the creation and the first years of work of the Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists and its press edition the Neurological Bulletin journal. The purpose of the Society was to unite the scientific forces of the Imperial Kazan University for the continuation of complex studies of the nervous system by clinicians together with representatives of the natural sciences (histology, anatomy, physiology), as well as psychologists and lawyers. This determined the theme of the new journal, which published articles on a wide range of issues.
Real World Applications of Cloud Computing: Architecture, Reasons for Using, and Challenges
Authors: Koehler Samuel , Desamsetti Harshith , Ballamudi Venkata Koteswara Rao , Dekkati Sreekanth
Published: October 2023

Cloud computing is a significant IT innovation. It is one of the most remarkable ways to manage and allocate internet-wide information and resources. Cloud computing involves accessing IT infrastructure over a computer network without installing anything. Cloud computing lets businesses adjust resource levels to meet operational needs. Cloud computing reduces infrastructure costs for businesses. With improved administration and less maintenance, organizations can test their applications faster. Cloud computing lets the IT team respond to unexpected needs. Applications in numerous contexts show that cloud computing is part of daily life. Cloud computing architecture, attributes, types, service models, advantages, and challenges will be covered in this essay. In this article, we have explored the fundamental ideas of cloud computing, its architecture, the reasons for employing cloud computing, and the obstacles that cloud computing faces.