bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Addressing the Credibility of Web Applications
Authors: Kamthan Pankaj
Published: May 2011

The Internet, particularly the Web, has opened new vistas for businesses. The ability that anyone, using (virtually) any device could be reached anytime and anywhere presents a tremendous commercial prospective. In retrospect, the fact that almost anyone can set up a Web Application claiming to offer products and services raises the question of credibility from a consumers’ viewpoint. If not addressed, there is a potential for lost consumer confidence, thus significantly reducing the advantages and opportunities the Web as a medium offers. Establishing credibility is essential for an organization’s reputation (Gibson, 2002) and for building consumers’ trust (Kamthan, 1999). The rest of the article is organized as follows. We first provide the motivational background necessary for later discussion. This is followed by the introduction of a framework within which different types of credibility in the context of Web Applications can be systematically addressed and thereby improved. Next, challenges and directions for future research are outlined. Finally, concluding remarks are given.
ADSL2+ Technology
Authors: Kagklis D. , Androulidakis S. , Patikis G. , Doukoglou T.
Published: May 2011

This chapter presents and evaluates the ADSL2+ technology with respect to its physical layer performance, which provides the foundation for supporting high-quality residential triple-play services on a massive scale.
Agent-Based Web Services
Authors: Esmahi Larbi , Ramadani Ylber
Published: May 2011

Web services have become a significant technology in the evolution of the Web and distributed computing. Web services represent a set of related standards that allow any two applications to communicate and exchange data via the Internet. The main components of these standards are the general architecture, the delivery protocol (SOAP), the description language (WSDL), and the discovery directory (UDDI).
Autonomic Computing
Authors: Curran Kevin , Mulvenna Maurice , Nugent Chris , Baumgarten Matthias
Published: May 2011

Modern networks offer end-to-end connectivity however; the increasing amount of traditional offered services may still not fulfill the requirements of ever demanding distributed applications and must therefore be enriched by some form of increased intelligence in the network. This is where the promise of autonomous systems comes into play. Paul Horn of IBM Research first suggested the idea of autonomic computing on 15 October 2001 at the Agenda conference in Arizona. The need centers around the exponential growth of networking complexity. Autonomous systems are capable of performing activities by taking into account the local environment and adapting to it. No planning is required hence autonomous systems simply have to make the best of the resources at hand. Locality in this scenario is no longer geographical but rather the information and applications on the boundary of the autonomic communicating element which may be distributed over a wide area. The most common definition of an autonomic computing system is one which can control the functioning of computer applications and systems without input from the user, in the same way that the autonomic nervous system regulates body systems without conscious input from the individual. Thus, we attempt here to more clearly identify the need for autonomous systems, their architecture, the path of evolution from traditional network elements and the future of such systems.
Cfengine Configuration Management Agent
Authors: Burgess Mark
Published: May 2011

Cfengine is a policy-based configuration management system (Burgess 1995). Its pri-mary function is to provide automated configuration and maintenance of computers, from a policy specification.The cfengine project was started in 1993 as a reaction to the complexity and non-portability of shell scripting for Unix configuration management, and continuestoday. The aim was to absorb frequently used coding paradigms into a declarative, domain-specific language that would offer self-documenting configuration. Cfengine is estimated to run on millions of Unix, MacOSX and Windows computers all around the world. It is used in both large and small companies, as well as inmany universities and governmental institutions. Sites as large as 11,000 machines are reported, while sites of several thousand hosts running under cfengine are common.Cfengine falls into a class of approaches to system administration which is called policy-based configuration management (Sloman and Moffet 1993).
A Clustering Model of the Application-Level Multicast
Authors: Hosszú Gábor , Pardede Raymond
Published: May 2011

This chapter reviews the most important fact of the application-level multicast (ALM) and then describes a novel concept of modeling relative density of members called bunched mode and a proposed host-end multicast routing protocol called shortest tunnel first(STF). The bunched mode is based on the thematic multicast concept (TMC), which means that it is atypical multicast scenario where there are a lot of interested hosts in certain institutions, relatively far from each other. This situation is called bunched mode, in which the members of a multicast group are locally in the dense mode, and globally their situation is similar to the sparse mode because these spots are far from each other. The developed analysis tool, Net Sim, and the implementation of the TMC, Pardede CAST, are also presented as the tools of this research.
Data Extraction from Deep Web Sites
Authors: Peter Hadrian , Greenidge Charles
Published: May 2011

Traditionally a great deal of research has been devoted to data extraction on the web (Crescenzi, et al, 2001; Embley, et al, 2005; Laender, et al, 2002; Hammer, et al, 1997; Ribeiro-Neto, et al, 1999; Huck, et al, 1998; Wang & Lochovsky, 2002, 2003) from areas where data is easily indexed and extracted by a Search Engine, the so-called Surface Web. There are, however, other sites that are greater and potentially more vital, that contain information which cannot be readily indexed by standard search engines. These sites which have been designed to require some level of direct human participation (for example, to issue queries rather than simply follow hyperlinks) cannot be handled using the simple link traversal techniques used by many web crawlers (Rappaport, 2000; Cho & Garcia-Molina, 2000; Cho et al, 1998; Edwards et al, 2001). This area of the web, which has been operationally off-limits for crawlers using standard indexing procedures, is termed the Deep Web (Zillman, 2005; Bergman, 2000). Much work still needs to be done as Deep Web sites represent an area that is only recently being explored to identify where potential uses can be developed.
The Differentiated Services Architecture
Authors: Herrería-Alonso Sergio , Fernández Veiga Manuel , Suárez González Andrés , Rodríguez Pérez Miguel , López-García Cándido
Published: May 2011

IP networks only offer best-effort service to all kinds of traffic. This means that IP tries to deliver each packet as quickly as possible, but makes no service guarantees. However, as the diversity of applications increase, this simple model with no service guarantees cannot satisfy all of them. For example, novel interactive applications such as Internet telephony, video conferencing, or networked games expect some performance guarantees to operate right. The growing importance of these recent applications with stringent constraints behooves network service providers to differentiate among various types of traffic and provide a new range of service models able to accommodate heterogeneous application requirements and user expectations.
E-Learning
Authors: Gay Gregory R. , Salomoni Paola , Mirri Silvia
Published: May 2011

The evolution of an Information Society has transformed many activities in our everyday lives, including how we work, communicate, entertain, teach and learn. More recently widespread Internet connectivity together with the development of new Web-based multimedia technologies, has strongly encouraged educational uses for Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
The IPv6 Protocol
Authors: Bouras Christos , Gkamas Apostolos , Primpas Dimitris
Published: May 2011

This article provides a description of the IPv6 protocol. It briefly covers the reasons that make IPv6 a necessary upgrade, describes the most important methods for transitioning networks, applications, and hosts from IPv4 to IPv6, and the possibilities that IPv6 opens up. It finally also examines the current status of IPv6 deployment and vendor, protocol, and application support.
Issues and Applications of Internet Traffic Modelling
Authors: Babiarz Rachel , Bedo Jean-Sebastien
Published: May 2011

Traffic modelling has always been the prior to numerous network engineering tasks like network planning or bandwidth yield management. It is still a huge research domain mainly based on advanced signal processing techniques. It can also help to better understand the underlying aspects of the usage of a telecommunication technology as well as to forecast its evolutions.
Model-Driven Engineering of Distributed Applications
Authors: El Guemhioui Karim
Published: May 2011

The information technology (IT) industry has been moving so fast that companies implementing complex distributed software solutions hardly complete a system deployment on a given network middleware before either they are offered a newer version of the middleware technology, or a competing and alleged superior technology appears.
Network-Layer Mobility Protocols for IPv6-Based Networks
Authors: Wong K. Daniel , Dutta Ashutosh
Published: May 2011

The Internet is in some ways like the proverbial massive software project whose requirements keep changing, and which is never completed. When the Internet protocols were first designed, there was no concept of the future requirement that IP would need to support mobility. In today’s wireless world, mobility support is one of the key requirements for IP. Like the requirements for QoS, security, and multimedia support, the mobility requirement has arisen due to the phenomenal success of the Internet, as a result of which people want to do more and more things over the Internet.
Quality of Service Architectures
Authors: Bouras Christos , Gkamas Apostolos , Primpas Dimitris , Stamos Kostas
Published: May 2011

IP networks are built around the idea of best effort networking, which makes no guarantees regarding the delivery, speed, and accuracy of the transmitted data. While this model is suitable for a large number of applications, and works well for almost all applications when the network load is low (and therefore there is no congestion), there are two main factors that lead to the need for an additional capability of quality of service guarantees. One is the fact that an increasing number of Internet applications are related to real-time and other multimedia data, which have greater service requirements in order to be satisfying to the user. The other is that Internet usage is steadily increasing, and although the network infrastructure is also updated often, it is not always certain that network resource offerings will be ahead of usage demand. In order to deal with this situation, IETF has developed two architectures in order to enable QoS-based handling of data flows in IP networks. This article describes and compares these two architectures.
Real-Time Protocols (RTP/RTCP)
Authors: Bouras Christos , Gkamas Apostolos , Primpas Dimitris , Stamos Kostas
Published: May 2011

Real-time protocols cover specific needs by applications with real-time characteristics. Real-time applications, such as voice over IP (VoIP), videoconferencing applications, video on demand, continuous data applications, and control and measurement applications have specific requirements from the lower layers, mainly in terms of packet loss, delay, and jitter. Traditional transport protocols such as TCP and UDP have been designed for general use and are not specialized for such specific purposes. In particular, real-time protocols have to be able to deliver high throughput, handle multicast, manage the transmission quality, and be friendly to the rest of the traffic, and, more importantly, to the congestion-sensitive TCP traffic.
Security Issues with Wi-Fi Networks
Authors: Curran Kevin , Smyth Elaine
Published: May 2011

On the surface, WLANs act the same as their wired counterparts, transporting data between network devices. However, there is one fundamental, and quite significant, difference: WLANs are based upon radio communications technology as an alternative to structured wiring and cables. Data is transmitted between devices through the air by utilizing radio waves. Devices that participate in a WLAN must have a network interface card (NIC) with wireless capabilities. This essentially means that the card contains a small radio device that allows it to communicate with other wireless devices within the defined range for that card, for example, the 2.4-2.4853 GHz range. For a device to participate in a wireless network, it must firs be permitted to communicate with the devices in that network and, second, it must be within the transmission range of the devices in that network. To communicate, radio-based devices take advantage of electromagnetic waves and their ability to be altered in such a manner that they can carry information, known as modulation (Vines, 2002). Here we discuss wireless security mechanisms.
Social and P2P Networks on the Internet
Authors: Stojmenovic Milica
Published: May 2011

This article studies social networks on the Internet created by popular applications such as e-mails, Web, chat, file sharing via peer-to-peer interaction, and online gaming. The Internet has its roots in military and academia. Connections are available around the world at academic institutions, military installations, government agencies, commercial enterprises, commercial information providers (AOL, CompuServe, and MSN), and Internet service providers. The Internet offers the following services: sending and receiving e-mail (electronic mail), transferring files between computers, participating in discussion groups through newsgroups and mailing lists, searching and retrieving information, chat, Internet relay chat, instant messaging, Internet telephony (voice chat), and on-line shopping. Newsgroups contain databases of messages on topics. They are similar to mailing lists, except that e-mail messages are posted to newsgroup sites. Bulletin boards and discussion groups offer similar services. People “surf the net” to find information and download files and connect directly to other computers. Web pages are used to communicate with customers and suppliers, describe organizations and products, tender documents, and provide services (banking, stocks, and software).
Survivability Mechanisms of Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching
Authors: Medeiros M. C.R. , Correia N. S.C.
Published: May 2011

Internet protocol (IP) over optical (IP-over-optical) networks is the widely accepted solution to meet the ever increasing demands of IP traffic. In an IP-over-optical network, the IP routers are attached to an optical core network, composed by optical cross-connects (OXC) that are interconnected by dynamically established optical wavelength channels called lighpaths (Rajagopalan, Pendarakis, Saha, Ramamoorthy, & Bala, 2000). To control such lightpaths in a dynamic, efficient, and realtime manner, generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) based control plane has been proposed by the Internet engineering task force (IETF) in the RFC 3945 edited by Mannie (2003).
Towards Formulation of Principles for Engineering Web Applications
Authors: Kamthan Pankaj
Published: May 2011

The last decade has seen remarkable changes in the way Web applications are developed and the services that are expected from them. The desire to control and manage the size and complexity of Web applications has led to a systematic approach for creating them that is known as Web engineering (Ginige & Murugesan, 2001). A focus on the "essence" rather than "accidents" is crucial to any engineering (McConnell, 1999). The engineering environment of Web applications is in a constant state of technological and social flux. New implementation languages, variations in user agents, demands for new services, and user classes from different cultural backgrounds and age groups, are faced by the Web engineers on a regular basis. For sustainability and evolvability of Web applications, it is critical that they be based upon domain, time- and technology-independent bodies of knowledge. One such invariant is the set of principles that forms the foundation of Web engineering.
Geospatial Web Service Chaining
Authors: Granell Carlos , Gould Michael , Esbrí Miguel Ángel
Published: May 2011

In the context of Geographic Information System’s evolution from monolithic systems to personal desktop GIS and then to collections of remote Internet services, we discuss the combination or chaining of distributed geospatial web services. The adoption of web services technology provides remote access to a diverse and wide array of geospatial datasets and allows developers to create web applications (web browser-based or GIS client-based), hiding the underlying server functionalities from their public interfaces. A major challenge in working with these remote services, as opposed to a single desktop application, is to properly integrate ad hoc services to build a coherent service chain; this is especially tricky in real-time scenarios where web applications need to be built on-the-fly. This chapter discusses strategies for geospatial web service chaining and poses some challenging issues, many related to semantics, to be resolved for geospatial web service chaining to become a commonplace activity.
Dependencies, Networks, and Priorities in an Open Source Project
Authors: Järvensivu Juha
Published: May 2011

Dependencies between modern software projects are common. Jointly, such dependencies form a project network, where changes in one project cause changes to the others belonging to the same project network. This chapter discusses the issues of dependencies, distances, and priorities in open source project networks, from the standpoint of both technological and social networks. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach to the phenomenon of open source software (OSS) development is offered. There is a strong empirical focus maintained, since the aim of the chapter is to analyze OSS network characteristics through an in-depth, qualitative case study of one specifi c open source community: the Open Source Eclipse plug-in project Laika. In our analysis, we will introduce both internal and external networks associated with Laika, together with a discussion of how tightly they are intertwined. We will analyze both the internal and the external networks through the elements of mutuality, interdependence, distance, priorities, different power relations, and investments made in the relationships—elements chosen on the basis of analysis of the network studies literature.
Open Source Web Portals
Authors: Braganholo Vanessa P. , Miranda Bernardo
Published: May 2011

Open source software is required to be widely available to the user community. To help developers fulfill this requirement, Web portals provide a way to make open source projects public so that the user community has access to their source code, can contribute to their development, and can interact with the developer team. However, choosing a Web portal is not an easy task. There are several options available, each of them offering a set of tools and features to its users. The goal of this chapter is to analyze a set of existing Web portals (SourceForge.net, Apache, Tigris, ObjectWeb, and Savannah) in the hopes that this will help users to choose a hosting site for their projects.
Motives and Methods for Quantitative FLOSS Research
Authors: Conklin Megan
Published: May 2011

This chapter explores the motivations and methods for mining (collecting, aggregating, distributing, and analyzing) data about free/libre open source software (FLOSS) projects. It first explores why there is a need for this type of data. Then the chapter outlines the current state-of-the art in collecting and using quantitative data about FLOSS project, focusing especially on the three main types of FLOSS data that have been gathered to date: data from large forges, data from small project sets, and survey data. Finally, the chapter will describe some possible areas for improvement and recommendations for the future of FLOSS data collection.
OSS Adoption in the Legal Services Community
Authors: Agostinelli Roy
Published: May 2011

This chapter provides an anecdotal case study of the adoption of open source software by governmentfunded nonprofit organizations in the legal services community. It focuses on the Open Source Template, a Web site system that provides information to the public on civil legal matters, and collaborative tools for legal aid providers and pro bono attorneys. The successful aspects of the adoption within this community are traced to the funders’ emphasis on developing re-usable, non-proprietary technology tools, the strong communitarian ethic which nonprofits share with the open source community, and the presence of an active support network to broadly leverage intellectual capital. It is hoped that this chapter will assist those considering the adoption of open source software by identifying the specific factors that have contributed to the success within the legal services arena and the real-world benefits and challenges experienced by the members of that community.
An Innovative Desktop OSS Implementation in a School
Authors: Weller James
Published: May 2011

This chapter presents a case study of a migration to open source software (OSS) in a South African school. The innovative aspect of the case study lies in how the entire implementation was motivated by the collapse of the school’s public address system. It was found that an OSS-based message system provided a more cost-effective replacement option whereby the speakers in the school were replaced with low-cost workstations (i.e., legacy systems) in each classroom. Interestingly, this OSS implementation happened despite the fact that, in South Africa, Microsoft Windows and MS-Office are available free of charge to schools under Microsoft’s Academic Alliance initiative. The chapter also analyzes some critical themes for adoption of OSS in the educational environment.
A Perspective on Software Engineering Education with Open Source Software
Authors: Kamthan Pankaj
Published: May 2011

As the development and use of open source software (OSS) becomes prominent, the issue of its outreach in an educational context arises. The practices fundamental to software engineering, including those related to management, process, and workflow deliverables, are examined in light of OSS. Based on a pragmatic framework, the prospects of integrating OSS in a traditional software engineering curriculum are outlined, and concerns in realizing them are given. In doing so, the cases of the adoption of an OSS process model, the use of OSS as a computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tool, OSS as a standalone subsystem, and open source code reuse are considered. The role of openly accessible content in general is discussed briefly.
Content-Based Searching in Group Communication Systems
Authors: Richly Gábor , Hosszú Gábor , Kovács Ferenc
Published: May 2011

The importance of real-time pattern recognition in streaming media is rapidly growing (Liu, Wang, & Chen, 1998). Extracting information from audio and video streams in an e-collaboration scenario is getting increasing relevance as the networking infrastructure develops. This development enables the use of rich media content. Shared archives of this kind of knowledge need tools for exploration, navigation and searching. As an example, to filter out redundant copies of an audio record, added by different members of an e-community, helps to keep the knowledge-base clean and compact.
E-Collaboration Technologies Impact on Learning
Authors: Gupta Saurabh , Bostrom Robert
Published: May 2011

In this article, we first review the IS and Education literature. Next, we identify the primary reasons for the inconsistency in findings in both literatures. Finally, we present a theoretical model for investigating collaborative e-learning. The conclusion section briefly provides directions for future research.
Extending TAM to Measure the Adoption of E-Collaboration in Healthcare Arenas
Authors: Beenkens Fernao H.C. , Verburg Robert M.
Published: May 2011

The goal of this article is to propose a new model based upon the conclusions of this review. We argue that there are no models available with sufficient explanatory power as network aspects, the role of recipients, and cross-border issues are not sufficiently taken into account. We propose therefore a number of guidelines for a new process-like model that should incorporate insights from previous models. Rather than viewing technology adoption as a single static snapshot, the new model should encompass a more continuous evaluation of the adoption process and should evaluate the service continuously throughout several phases in time. In order to address these issues, we developed a new holistic model that we hope, solves the points of attention named above.
The Impact of Personality on Virtual Team Creativity and Quality
Authors: Ocker Rosalie J.
Published: May 2011

A series of experiments investigated creativity and quality of work-product solutions in virtual teams (Ocker,2007, 2005; Ocker & Fjermestad, 1998; Ocker, Hiltz, & Johnson, 1998; Ocker, Hiltz, Turoff, & Fjermestad, 1996). Across experiments, small teams with about five graduate students interacted for approximately two weeks to determine the high-level requirements and design for a computerized post office (Goel, 1989; Olson, Olson, Storrosten, & Carter, 1993). The means of interaction was manipulated in these experiments such that teams interacted via one of the following treatments: (1) asynchronous computer-medicated communication (CMC), (2) synchronous CMC, (3) asynchronous CMC interspersed with face-to-face (FtF) meetings, or (4) a series of traditional FtF meetings without any electronic communication.
Psychological Contracts' Influence on E-Collaboration
Authors: McKinney Vicki R. , Allen Mike
Published: May 2011

Organizations pursing global opportunities find advantage in requiring the use of e-collaboration. While organizations employ e-groups strategically to accomplish tasks, empirical reports indicate a large number of group failures (Levi, 2001). E-collaboration groups may experience an increased chance of failure since establishing trust (Jarvenpaa & Leidner, 1999) and instituting shared work practices (Chudoba, Wynn, Lu,& Watson-Manheim, 2005) is often difficult.
The Role of Individual Trust in E-Collaboration
Authors: Nolan Terry , Macaulay Linda
Published: May 2011

The subject of individual and interpersonal trust within communities has captured the attention of sociologists and psychologists for many decades, having intensified with the advent of virtual or online communities and their potential for increasing social inclusion. E-collaboration, particularly for business purposes, often requires the communication of “rich” information (Daft & Lengel, 1986), of high utility value to its recipients, such that it facilitates “rational action” (Ulrich, 2001).
Small Business Collaboration Through Electronic Marketplaces
Authors: Tan Yin Leng , Macaulay Linda
Published: May 2011

It is widely recognized that small businesses with less than 50 employees make significant contributions to the prosperity of local, regional, and national economies. They are a major source of job creation and a driving force of economic growth for developed countries like the USA (Headd, 2005; SBA, 2005), the UK (Dixon, Thompson, & McAllister, 2002; SBS, 2005), Europe (European Commission, 2003), and developing countries such as China (Bo, 2005). The economic potential is further strengthened when firms collaborate with each other; for example, formation of a supply chain, strategic alliances, or sharing of information and resources (Horvath, 2001; O’Donnell, Cilmore, Cummins, & Carson, 2001; MacGregor, 2004; Todeva & Knoke, 2005). Owing to heterogeneous aspects of small businesses, such as firm size and business sector, a single e-business solution is unlikely to be suitable for all firms (Dixon et al., 2002; Taylor & Murphy, 2004a); however, collaboration requires individual firms to adopt standardized, simplified solutions based on open architectures and data design (Horvath, 2001). The purpose of this article is to propose a conceptual e-business framework and a generic e-catalogue, which enables small businesses to collaborate through the creation of an e-marketplace. To assist with the task, analysis of data from 6,000 small businesses situated within a locality of Greater Manchester, England within the context of an e-business portal is incorporated within this study.
Workflow Systems in E-Learning Environments
Authors: Santos Neide , Santoro Flávia Maria , Borges Marcos R.S.
Published: May 2011

In this new context, Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) emerges as an innovative pedagogical support. Collaborative learning consists of small groups working together to complete academic tasks, which involve a range of objectives, such as searching for facts, applying skills, concepts and principles, problem solving and creative thinking. The teacher acts as the coordinator, setting guidelines, encouraging cooperation, reviewing performance and uniting the groups (Woodbine, 1997). Collaborative learning works positively in promoting inter-group relations, and can help to overcome barriers to friendship, interaction and achievement of academically less able students, and can increase self-esteem.
Advanced Resource Discovery Protocol for Semantic-Enabled M-Commerce
Authors: Ruta M.
Published: May 2011

New mobile architectures allow for stable networked links from almost everywhere, and more and more people make use of information resources for work and business purposes on mobile systems. Although technological improvements in the standardization processes proceed rapidly, many challenges, mostly aimed at the deployment of value-added services on mobile platforms, are still unsolved. In particular the evolution of wireless-enabled handheld devices and their capillary diffusion have increased the need for more sophisticated service discovery protocols (SDPs).Here we present an approach, which improves Blue-tooth SDP, to provide m-commerce resources to the users within a piconet, extending the basic service discovery with semantic capabilities. In particular we exploit and enhance the SDP in order to identify generic resources rather than only services. We have integrated a “semantic layer” within the application level of the standard Bluetooth stack in order to enable a simple interchange of semantically annotated information between a mobile client performing a query and a server exposing available resources. We adopt a simple piconet configuration where a stable networked zone server, equipped with a Bluetooth interface, collects requests from mobile clients and hosts a semantic facilitator to match requests with available resources. Both requests and resources are expressed as semantically annotated descriptions, so that a semantic distance can be computed as part of the ranking function, to choose the most promising resources for a given request.
Building Web Services in P2P Networks
Authors: Guan J. , Zhou S. , Zhou J.
Published: May 2011

We explore the techniques of building Web services systems in a P2P environment. By fitting Web services into a P2P environment, we aim to add more flexibility and autonomy to Web services systems, and alleviate to some degree the inherent limitations of these centralized systems. As a case study, we present our project BP-Services. BP-Services is an experimental Web services platform built on BestPeer (http://xena1.ddns.comp.nus.edu.sg/p2p/) a generic P2P infrastructure designed and implemented collaboratively by the National University of Singapore and Fudan University of China (Ng, Ooi, & Tan, 2002).
Convergence Technology for Enabling Technologies
Authors: Sivaradje G.
Published: May 2011

Today, we find a large number of wireless networks based on different radio access technologies (RATs). Every existing RAT has its own merits. Now the focus is turned towards the next-generation communication networks (Akyildiz, Mohanty, & Xie, 2005), which will seamlessly integrate various existing wireless communication networks, such as wireless local area networks (WLANs, e.g., IEEE 802.11 a/b/g and HIPERLAN/2), wireless wide area networks (WWANs, e.g., 1G, 2G, 3G, IEEE 802.20), wireless personal area networks (WPANs, e.g., Bluetooth, IEEE 802.15.1/3/4), and wireless metropolitan area networks (WMANs, e.g., IEEE 802.16) to form a converged heterogeneous architecture (Cavalcanti, Agrawal, Cordeiro, Xie, & Kumar, 2005).
Data Caching in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Chand N.
Published: May 2011

Mobile wireless networks allow a more flexible communication structure than traditional networks. Wireless communication enables information transfer among a network of disconnected, and often mobile, users. Popular wireless networks such as mobile phone networks and wireless local area networks (LANs), are traditionally infrastructure based—that is, base stations (BSs), access points (APs), and servers are deployed before the network can be used. A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) consists of a group of mobile hosts that may communicate with each other without fixed wireless infrastructure. In contrast to conventional cellular systems, there is no master-slave relationship between nodes, such as base station to mobile users in ad-hoc networks. Communication between nodes can be supported by direct connection or multi-hop relays. The nodes have the responsibility of self-organizing so that the network is robust to the variations in network topology due to node mobility as well as the fluctuations of the signal quality in the wireless environment. All of these guarantee anywhere and anytime communication. Recently, mobile ad-hoc networks have been receiving increasing attention in both commercial and military applications.
Distributed Approach for QoS Guarantee to Wireless Multimedia
Authors: Chetan K. , Venkataram P. , Sircar R.
Published: May 2011

Providing support for QoS at the MAC layer in the IEEE 802.11 is one of the very active research areas. There are various methods that are being worked out to achieve QoS at MAC level. In this article we describe a proposed enhancement to the DCF (distributed coordination function) access method to provide QoS guarantee for wireless multimedia applications.
Efficient and Scalable Group Key Management in Wireless Networks
Authors: Wang Y.
Published: May 2011

Multicast is an efficient paradigm to support group communications, as it reduces the traffic by simultaneously delivering a single stream of information to multiple receivers on a large scale. Along with widespread deployment of wireless networks and fast improving capabilities of mobile devices, it is reasonable to believe that the integration of wireless and multicast will result in enormous benefits. Before users can enjoy the flexibility and efficiency of wireless multicast, security must be achieved. The core issue of wireless multicast security is access control, which means that only authorized users can participate in the group communications.
Efficient Replication Management Techniques for Mobile Databases
Authors: Abdul-Mehdi Z. , Mamat A. , Ibrahim H. , Dirs M.
Published: May 2011

In this article, we consider the distributed database that can make up mobile nodes as well as peer-to-peer concepts. These nodes and peers may be replicated both for fault tolerance (dependability), and to compensate for nodes that are currently disconnected. Thus we have a distributed replicated database, where several sites must participate in the synchronization of a transaction. The capabilities of the distributed replicated database are extended to allow mobile nodes to plan for a disconnection, with the capability of update, and for the database—on behalf of mobile node by using fixed proxy server—to make these updates during the mobile disconnection. Once a mobile reconnects, it automatically synchronizes and integrates into database.
Enabling Technologies for Mobile Multimedia
Authors: Curran K.
Published: May 2011

Mobile communications is a continually growing sector in industry, and a wide variety of visual services such as video-on-demand have been created that are limited by low-bandwidth network infrastructures. The distinction between mobile phones and personal device assistants (PDAs) has already become blurred, with pervasive computing being the term coined to describe the tendency to integrate computing and communication into everyday life.
Factors Affecting Mobile Commerce and Level of Involvement
Authors: Yim F. , Tse A. , Wong K.
Published: May 2011

In the following, we would briefly summarize what the literature says about important factors that affect online shopping, which forms the basis for us to speculate on factors that may be important for consumers shopping via their mobile phones, the latter being one kind of online shopping, which should resemble to some degree other forms of shopping on the Internet as far as important factors affecting consumer behavior is concerned. Hypotheses are then formulated, which is followed by the methodology. After presenting the results, we discussed the implications and conclusions of this study.
Interworking Architectures of 3G and WLAN
Authors: Politis I. , Dagiuklas T. , Tsagkaropoulos M. , Kotsopoulos S.
Published: May 2011

The complex and demanding communications needs of modern humans led recently to the deployment of the 3G/UMTS mobile data networks and the wireless LANs. The already established GSM/GPRS radio access technology can easily handle the voice and low-rate data traffic such as short messages (SMS); however, it is inadequate for the more challenging real-time multimedia exchanges that require higher data rates and ubiquitous connectivity. The UTRAN radio access technology provides wide area coverage and multimedia services up to 2Mbps, while the recently deployed WLANs offer radio access at hotspots such as offices, shopping areas, homes, and other Internet/intranet-connected networks, with very high data rates up to 54Mbps (IEEE 802.11g). Hence, there is a strong need to integrate WLANs and 3G access technologies, and to develop a heterogeneous network based on an all-IP infrastructure that will be capable to offer ubiquitous and seamless multimedia services at very broadband rates.
Mobile E-Commerce as a Strategic Imperative for the New Economy
Authors: Raisinghani M.
Published: May 2011

A new form of technology is changing the way commerce is being done globally. This article provides an overall description of mobile commerce and examines ways in which the Internet will be changing. It explains the requirements for operating mobile commerce and the numerous ways of providing this wireless Internet business. While the Internet is already a valuable form of business that has already changed the way the world is doing business, it is about to change again. Telecommunications, the Internet, and mobile computing are merging their technologies to form a new business called mobile commerce or the wireless Internet. This is being driven by consumer demand for wireless devices and the desire to be connected to information and data available through the Internet. There are many new opportunities that have only begun to be explored, and for many this will become a large revenue source for those who capitalize upon this new form of technology. However, like other capital ventures, these new opportunities have their drawbacks, which may limit growth of the mobile commerce market if not dealt with. Mobile e-commerce technology is changing our world of business just as the Internet alone has changed business today.
Mobile Phone Privacy Issues
Authors: Gurau C.
Published: May 2011

This article presents an overview of the main privacy problems raised by mobile phones, both for their users and for society in general, and analyzes a series of solutions for reducing their negative impact. After discussing the evolution of private vs. public space in the last decade, the article presents the main privacy concerns related with mobile phone usage. A series of data collected both from mobile phone owners, as well as from people without mobile phones, is analyzed, providing a basis for comparing conflicting opinions related to privacy issues. The article concludes with a series of solutions that already exist or may be available in the near future, and which can solve or reduce mobile phone privacy problems.
Mobile Phone Texting in Hong Kong
Authors: Bodomo A.
Published: May 2011

In this article, we focus on the relationship between communications technology and language change. Does the emergence of these new communications technologies affect our language and communication habits? Does it change our language, bringing in new words and structures of expressions, and does it alter our general communication patterns? In short, is technology changing our language?
Mobile Public Key Infrastructures
Authors: Chochliouros I. , Lalopoulos G. , Chochliouros S. , Spiliopoulou A.
Published: May 2011

From today’s perspective, network and information security (European Commission, 2001) is about ensuring the availability of services and data; preventing the disruption and unauthorized interception of communications; confirming that data sent, received, or stored is complete and unchanged; securing data confidentiality; protecting information systems against unauthorized access; and protecting against attacks (involving malicious software and securing dependable authentication—that is, the confirming of an asserted identity of entities or users). Specific security measures therefore should be taken in order to establish an appropriate environment.
Modular Sensory System for Robotics and Human-Machine Interaction Based on Optoelectronic Components
Authors: Kvasnica M.
Published: May 2011

Presented here is a new unified modular sensory system. The subject of the article is the sampling and information processing used in the conversion of a 2-D CCD array image into three axial and three angular displacement values. The CCD array image consists of four light spots produced by four light beams (planes) from laser diodes. These light beams (planes) form the edges (faces) of a pyramidal shape, with the 2-D CCD array forming its base and the origin of the laser sources forming its apex. The algorithm for the computation of the location and orientation is based on the inverse transformation of the final trapezoidal light spots position, related to the original square light spots position on the 2-D CCD array. This algorithm determines the relative location and orientation of a floating 2-D coordinate system (corresponding to the 2-D CCD array) against a fixed 3-D coordinate system (corresponding to the apex of the pyramidal shape). The modular design presented here enables easy customizing of this sensory system for a wide variety of applications.
Optimal Utilisation of Future Wireless Resources
Authors: Chin C. , Tan C. , Sim M.
Published: May 2011

In the following sections we shall look into certain aspects of RRM schemes that address the provisioning of QoS in future mobile wireless communications.
Radio Resource Management in Convergence Technologies
Authors: Sivaradje G.
Published: May 2011

Today we find a large number of wireless networks based on different radio access technologies (RATs) and standards. Furthermore, new RATs will be developed to complement those that exist already today. Each RAT will have its strengths and weaknesses with respect to capacity, cost, achievable data rates, and support for end user mobility. As no single RAT will be able to fully support all service and user requirements, B3G networks will integrate multiple RATs in a common network. It can be anticipated that within a few years’ time, a user terminal (UT) will have a choice of access technologies via which it can connect to the fixed communication infrastructure.
RFID and Wireless Personal Area Networks for Supply Chain Management
Authors: Wright D.
Published: May 2011

Efficient supply chain management relies on knowing where products in the supply chain are located. The ability to track items from manufacturing plant to warehouse to distribution center to wholesaler to retailer is currently provided by RFID, radio frequency identification (Weinstein, 2005). Case examples of commercial applications of RFID in supply chain management are evaluated by Jones et al. (2004). A recent development, low power wireless personal area networking, WPAN, can offer advantages over RFID in certain circumstances. It is the purpose of this article to evaluate RFID and wireless personal area networks with respect to each other and to identify the features that give one an advantage over the other. We first describe the two technologies.
Scatternet Structure for Improving Routing and Communication Performance
Authors: Huang B.
Published: May 2011

Many scatternet structures and routing algorithms have been proposed in recent years. The following paragraphs will analyze three scatternet structures. After that, we present a new topologic structure, named SolidRing, with its routing algorithm. Finally, there are some discussions on SolidRing’s performance.
Secure Group Communications in Wireless Networks
Authors: Wang Y.
Published: May 2011

After a decade of exponential growth, wireless technologies have profoundly impacted people’s lifestyles. Wireless networks provide users with greater flexibility and benefit by anytime and anywhere services (Pahlavan & Krishnamurthy, 2002). At the same time, rapid developments in multicast have led to the emergence of many multicast applications, such as stock quoting, multimedia conferencing and network gaming. Therefore it is reasonable to believe that the integration of wireless and multicast will benefit mobile users. Before the customers can enjoy the efficiency and convenience of wireless multicasts, access control must be employed to guarantee that only legitimate users can utilize the multicast services.
Snapshot Assessment of Asia Pacific BWA Business Scenario
Authors: Chin Wong C.
Published: May 2011

This article offers a compilation of wireless solutions in the Asia-Pacific in order to map possible future scenarios on the use of wireless technologies in this region. The article serves as a foundation for further studies concerning the use of wireless technologies to improve quality of life.
Taxonomies, Applications, and Trends of Mobile Games
Authors: Jeong E. , Kim D.
Published: May 2011

In this article, mobile games are classified by several criteria (i.e., contents, platforms, and multi-layer based). Examples of mobile games are summarized, along with taxonomies. Lastly, applications and the macro trend of mobile games will be presented. In addition, some insights in the design and development of mobile games will be discussed.
Using Mobile Devices for Electronic Commerce
Authors: Herbster R. , Almeida Hyggo , Perkusich Angelo
Published: May 2011

In this article, we describe an architecture for mobile commerce which allows the use of mobile devices for electronic commerce. The architecture enables the development of applications to be executed on a mobile device, which lists selling products having their own textual descriptions and pictures. We discuss architectural modules and the implementation of an application for selling fast food called Mobile Menu. We begin with the main background concepts related to our proposed architecture.