bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The NLR SkinApp: Testing a Supporting mHealth Tool for Frontline Health Workers Performing Skin Screening in Ethiopia and Tanzania
Authors: Mwageni Nelly , van Wijk Robin , Daba Fufa , Mamo Ephrem , Debelo Kitesa , Jansen Benita , Schoenmakers Anne , van Hees Colette L. M. , Kasang Christa , Mieras Liesbeth , Mshana Stephen E.
Published: January 2024

Background: The prevalence of skin diseases such as leprosy, and limited dermatological knowledge among frontline health workers (FHWs) in rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa, led to the development of the NLR SkinApp: a mobile application (app) that supports FHWs to promptly diagnose and treat, or suspect and refer patients with skin diseases. The app includes common skin diseases, neglected tropical skin diseases (skin NTDs) such as leprosy, and HIV/AIDS-related skin conditions. This study aimed to test the supporting role of the NLR SkinApp by examining the diagnostic accuracy of its third edition. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in East Hararghe, Ethiopia, as well as the Mwanza and Morogoro region, Tanzania, in 2018–2019. Diagnostic accuracy was measured against a diagnosis confirmed by two dermatologists/dermatological medical experts (reference standard) in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. The potential negative effect of an incorrect management recommendation was expressed on a scale of one to four. Results: A total of 443 patients with suspected skin conditions were included. The FHWs using the NLR SkinApp diagnosed 45% of the patients accurately. The values of the sensitivity of the FHWs using the NLR SkinApp in determining the correct diagnosis ranged from 23% for HIV/AIDS-related skin conditions to 76.9% for eczema, and the specificity from 69.6% for eczema to 99.3% for tinea capitis/corporis. The inter-rater reliability among the FHWs for the diagnoses made, expressed as the percent agreement, was 58% compared to 96% among the dermatologists. Of the management recommendations given on the basis of incorrect diagnoses, around one-third could have a potential negative effect. Conclusions: The results for diagnosing eczema are encouraging, demonstrating the potential contribution of the NLR SkinApp to dermatological and leprosy care by FHWs. Further studies with a bigger sample size and comparing FHWs with and without using the NLR SkinApp are needed to obtain a better understanding of the added value of the NLR SkinApp as a mobile health (mHealth) tool in supporting FHWs to diagnose and treat skin diseases.
Tourism-Related Pressure on the Freshwater Lens of the Small Coral Island Gili Air, Indonesia
Authors: Tschaikowski Jarrid M. P. , Putra Doni P. E. , Pracoyo Atas , Moosdorf Nils
Published: January 2024

Tourism on Gili Air, a small coral island in Indonesia, has increased significantly. Groundwater is the primary water source on the island. This study aims to estimate the sustainability of groundwater use on this small coral island. It conducts an initial assessment of the freshwater lens system using cost-effective methods to evaluate the available freshwater volume and sustainability of water withdrawals related to tourism. The results and methods can be transferred to other low-lying islands. The results show that Gili Air has a well-developed freshwater lens, estimated to contain 2 million cubic meters of water, with an annual recharge rate four times higher than the water demand of the island’s inhabitants. However, our findings suggest that the rapid increase in tourism resulted in unsustainable water withdrawals between 2016 and 2019. Without proper groundwater monitoring and management, this could lead to seawater intrusion into the aquifer.
Assessment of the Impacts of Rainfall Characteristics and Land Use Pattern on Runoff Accumulation in the Hulu River Basin, China
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Hou Jingming , Wang Tian , Li Donglai , Gao Xujun , Noor Rana Shahzad , Jing Jing , Ameen Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Climate change causes the river basin water cycle disorders, and rainfall characteristics frequently result in flood disasters. This study aims to simulate and assess the response behavior of basin floods under the influence of rainfall characteristics and land use changes in the Hulu River basin using a 2D hydrological and hydraulic GAST (GPU Accelerated Surface Water Flow and Transport Model). The peak flow rate and water depth during floods were examined by simulating the evolution process of basin floods and related hydraulic elements under the independent effects of various rainfall characteristics or land use and further simulating the response results of basin floods under the combined effects of rainfall characteristics and land use. The seven scenarios were set to quantify the degree of influence that land use and rainfall characteristics have on the basin flood process based on examining changes in land use and rainfall characteristics in the research area. The results from different rainfall characteristics scenarios depicted that as the rainfall return period is shorter, the peak flow rate is higher, and the peak flow rate is lower as the return period is prolonged. Under different rainfall characteristics, the peak flow rate in scenario R8 is 41.30%, 40.00%, and 34.51% higher than the uniform distribution of rainfall, while water depth is decreased by 0.55%, increased by 4.96% and 2.92% as compared to the uniform distribution of rainfall. While under different land use scenarios, it is observed that the change in land use has increased 2.7% in cultivated land and 1.1% in woodland. In addition, the interactive effect of different rainfall characteristics and land use it can be seen that the scenario with the greatest reduction in flood risk due to rainfall characteristics and land use is RL2-4, representing a 12.55% decrease in peak flow and a 37.69% decrease in peak water depth. In this scenario, the rainfall is heavier in the southeast and northwest regions and lighter in the northeast and southwest regions. The land use type is characterized by reforestation and the return of cultivated land to forests. The changes in rainfall distribution and the increase in grassland contribute to the decrease in flood threat. Future research in the erodible parts of the Hulu River basin, planning for water resources, and soil and water conservation can all benefit from the study’s conclusions.
Characteristics of Deepwater Oil and Gas Distribution along the Silk Road and Their Controlling Factors
Authors: Wang Jianqiang , Liang Jie , Zhao Qingfang , Chen Jianwen , Zhang Jian , Yuan Yong , Zhang Yinguo , Dong Heping
Published: January 2024

Deepwater regions have emerged as pivotal domains for global oil and gas exploration and development, serving as strategic alternatives to conventional resources. The Silk Road region is distinguished by its abundant oil and gas reserves and stands as a leading arena for worldwide exploration and development in the oil and gas sector. Since 2012, a series of atmospheric fields have been discovered in the deep sea of the Luwuma Basin and the Tanzania Basin, with cumulative recoverable reserves reaching 4.4 × 1012 and 8.3 × 1011 m3, including multiple oil and gas fields ranking among the top ten global discoveries at that time. Profound advancements have been achieved in the exploration of deepwater oil and gas reserves along the Silk Road. However, deepwater oil and gas exploration presents challenges, such as high development costs and risks, leading to certain areas remaining underexplored and exhibiting a relatively low level of exploration activity, thereby hinting at considerable untapped potential. Deepwater sedimentary basins along the Silk Road predominantly adhere to a distribution pattern characterized as “one horizontal and one vertical”. The “horizontal” dimension refers to the deepwater basin grouping within the Neo-Tethys tectonic domain, primarily extending from east to west. Conversely, the “vertical” dimension denotes the deepwater basin grouping along the East African continental margin, predominantly extending from north to south. Recent discoveries of deepwater oil and gas reserves validate the presence of foundational elements within Silk Road basins conducive to the formation of substantial oil and gas reservoirs and the establishment of efficient migration pathways. Despite these achievements, exploration activities in deepwater oil and gas resources along the Silk Road remain relatively limited. Future exploration endeavors in deepwater regions will predominantly focus on identifying structural and lithological traps. In the deepwater areas of the Bay of Bengal, the emphasis is on lithological traps formed by Neogene turbidite sandstone deposits. In the deepwater regions of Pakistan, the focus shifts to lithological traps emerging from Neogene bio-reefs and river-channel sandstone accumulations. Along the deepwater coastline of East Africa, the focus is on lithological traps formed by nearshore Mesozoic–Cenozoic bio-reefs and seafloor turbidite sandstone formations. Within the deepwater regions of Southeast Asia, the primary objective is to locate large structural-type oil and gas fields. Analyzing the characteristics of oil and gas discoveries in deepwater areas aims to enhance the theory of the control of the formation of deepwater oil and gas, providing valuable insights for predicting future exploration directions.
Benefit Evaluation of Carbon Reduction and Loss Reduction under a Coordinated Transportation–Electricity Network
Authors: An Haiyun , Zhou Qian , Jia Yongyong , Chen Zhe , Cen Bingcheng , Zhu Tong , Li Huiyun , Wang Yifei
Published: January 2024

With the extensive promotion of new energy vehicles, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) in China has increased rapidly. Electric vehicles are densely parked in garages, which means parking garages contain a large amount of idle energy storage resources. How to make this idle energy storage in garages participate in power system dispatch and evaluate the network loss and system carbon emissions considering electric vehicle energy storage has become an important research topic. The uncertainty around parking habits for electric vehicles causes it to be difficult to predict compared with the traditional energy storage system. Therefore, it is necessary to study its influence on the synergistic effect of loss reduction and carbon reduction as energy storage access. The benefits of new energy power generation output growth, energy waste reduction, and carbon emission reduction brought by loss reduction measures can be well reflected in the loss reduction index system of a power system in a low-carbon scenario. In this paper, a large amount of parking information in a certain area is collected, and the approximate parking habits of all vehicles in the simulated garage are obtained by the Monte Carlo method. Then, the load aggregation model is established, which is incorporated into the power system as an energy storage model. The synergy of loss reduction and carbon reduction is considered in this paper and comprehensively optimizes the strategy of integrating electric vehicles into the power system from the perspectives of electricity and carbon. In the scenarios of carbon flow calculation and network loss calculation, the YALMIP and CPLEX of MATLAB are applied, with various constraints input for simulation, so that the benefit evaluation method of carbon reduction and loss reduction under a coordinated transportation–electricity network is obtained.
Trends and import substitution in the IT sector on the Russian market
Authors:   LLC ", Kazantseva Y.Yu. ,   NTR",   , Russia, Moscow
Published: January 2024

Import substitution contributes to the development of domestic production and innovation, as well as increasing the competitiveness of Russian companies in the global services market. The article provides examples of companies that successfully replace imported technologies, notes the active participation of medium and small sector companies in the development of the Russian IT market, and describes the technologies they use.
Productivity and milk quality of Saanen and Anglo- Nubian breeds of goats under the conditions of the Lower Volga region
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Volgograd State Agricultural University”, Russia, Volgograd, Zykova A. A. , Chamurliev N. G. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Volgograd State Agricultural University”, Russia, Volgograd
Published: January 2024

Prospects for the development of dairy goat farming and goat milk production in many countries of the world, including Russia, are directly related to the dietary and healing properties of the product. An urgent problem is the comparative assessment of the adaptive and productive traits of dairy goats of imported selection under various ecological and climatic conditions of Russia, including the conditions of the sharp continental climate of the Lower Volga region. The purpose of the work was to give a comparative assessment of the eff ectiveness of breeding lactating goats of Saanen and AngloNubian breeds of imported selection under the conditions of the sharp continental climate of the Lower Volga region. The object of research was imported dairy goats. Two groups of female goats of Saanen and Anglo-Nubian breeds of the fi rst lactation of 10 heads in each were formed, taking into account their live weight, age of insemination and origin. The duration of the scientific and farm experiment was 210 days.Consistently high milk yield was found in goats of Saanen breed compared with the milk yield of their herdmates of Anglo-Nubian breed. The signifi cant diff erence in milk yield in favor of Saanen goats by months ranged from 13,24 to 16,51 % (p < 0,05). In general, during lactation the superiority of Saanen goats over their Anglo-Nubian herdmates in terms of milk yield was 61,2 kg or 15,75 %. A comparative analysis of quality indicators revealed a significant superiority of milk from goats of Anglo-Nubian breed such as in the mass fraction of fat by 1,48 abs.% (p < 0,05), in the mass fraction of protein by 0,24 abs.% (p < 0,05), in terms of milk fat yield by 3,15 kg (p < 0,05). It was found as a result that in the production of milk from goats of Anglo-Nubian breed, the level of profitability of milk with basic fat content (3,5 %) was higher by 27,78 abs.% compared with herdmates of Saanen breed.
Dynamics of live weight and reproductive traits of crossbreds obtained from grading Simmentals with Holsteins
Authors:   Mordovian Scientifi c and Research Institute of Agriculture – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Research Center of the North-East, Russia, Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, Velmatov A. A. , Tishkina T. N. ,   Ogarev National Research Mordovian State University, Russia, Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, Tishkina A. F. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow Polytechnic University”, Russia, Moscow
Published: January 2024

The most important condition for increasing milk production is proper rearing of replacement young stock. The purpose of the research was to study the formation of reproductive and productive traits of heifers with high portion of Holstein blood obtained from crossbreeding Simmental cows with sires of Red-and-White Holstein breed during intensive rearing. Analysis of the data obtained made it possible to identify the unequal nature of the dynamics of live weight and growth intensity of experimental animals during their intensive rearing under the conditions of an industrial complex. High-blooded (31/32 Holstein blood) animals respond better to intensive rearing, reaching a live weight of 531,5 kg at 21 months, which was by 17,1–36,6 kg more than their herdmates from other groups. From birth to 21 months heifers with portion 96,87 % of Holstein breed blood were characterized by a large average daily gain, from which they received 782 g, which was 28–57 g more than their herdmates from other groups. A study of the fertility of heifers depending on their weight and age showed that physiological maturity was achieved at a relatively constant live weight at diff erent age periods. The age of fi rst insemination of heifers was in 13–15 months. Upon reaching a live weight of 400–420 kg, 70,0–93,4 % of heifers were effectively inseminated depending on portion of Holstein breed blood. At 12 months of age, heifers with an increased growth rate were inseminated, reaching the live weight of 377–411 kg. Early insemination of heifers did not affect their further growth and development. With the increase in live weight, the fertility of heifers decreased.
Geographical spatial expansion or contraction of agricultural areas as a consequence of influence and interaction of various factors in production and sales of agricultural products
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics”(VNIIESH), Moscow, Alakoz V.V. , Gorin A.D. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics”(VNIIESH), Moscow
Published: January 2024

The article examines the geographic spatial expansion or contraction of agricultural areas as a consequence of influence and interaction of various production factors. The dynamics of sown areas of agricultural crops provides a visual representation and quantitative measurement of the influence of location, natural-climatic, socio-economic, transport and logistics conditions and the quality of regulation and management on the result of agricultural activities. Economic prevails over technological rationality. “In economic reality, technical improvements are not necessarily implemented. The ideal technical picture, which does not take into account economic conditions, is modified and therefore in reality we often see poor cattle instead of exhibition samples, primitive hand work instead of perfect machines. Due to the adaptation of the economy to recognized conditions, and not simply due to lack of knowledge or inertia, the most technically advanced technologies are not introduced. Economic activity is to a certain extent determined by material necessity. The labor of management occupies a dominant position in relation to executive labor and to the services of the land. The one who “manages” the economy only fulfills what the consumer and demand prescribe to him” [1]. Using the example of the Volga economic region, a general trend of growth in the sown areas of agricultural crops on peasant farms and decrease in agricultural organizations and households is clearly visible. In the Astrakhan region and the Republic of Kalmykia, the sown areas in peasant enterprises exceeded their number in agricultural organizations by 3.6 and 1.8 times respectively, and in the Saratov region they were equal in size.
The problems of the carbon land management methodology
Authors:   State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow, Korostelev S. P. , Kosinsky V.V. ,   State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow, Korostelev Y. S. ,   State University of Land Use Planning, Moscow
Published: January 2024

The article shows the historical roots of a new scientific and practical discipline - carbon land management. It is based on the works of D. Ricardo, G. George, V.I. Vernadsky and an academician S.A. Udachin. The authors underline the directions for improving the carbon land management methodology.
Monitoring of unused agricultural land in Belgorod region
Authors:   The Faculty of Agronomy of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Belgorod State Agrarian University, Kovaleva E. V. , Kotlyarova E. G. ,   The Faculty of Agronomy of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Belgorod State Agrarian University, Kuzmina O. S. ,   The Faculty of Agronomy of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Belgorod State Agrarian University, Stepanova V. I. ,   Institute of Biological Instrumentation with pilot production of the Russian Academy of Sciences – a separate division of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences" (IBP RAS)", Moscow region, Pushchino
Published: January 2024

Agricultural land play important role among other types of land. The research of the Center for digital transformation in the agro-industrial complex, Belgorod Region, showed that many agricultural enterprises don’t use large areas of land. It is advisable to mark them using the Unified federal information system of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (UFIS) using high-resolution satellite images.
Acute cystitis in men– a nationwide study from primary care: antibiotic prescriptions, risk factors, and complications
Authors: Sætre Håkon , Skow Marius , Vik Ingvild , Høye Sigurd , Emilsson Louise
Published: January 2024

Background

Research on acute cystitis in men is scarce and treatment guidelines differ between countries. Improved antibiotic stewardship is needed.

Aim

To analyse antibiotic prescriptions and outcomes of Norwegian men diagnosed with cystitis in primary care.

Design & setting

A nationwide retrospective study was undertaken in primary care in Norway.

Method

We identified all episodes of acute cystitis in men diagnosed in Norwegian primary care during 2012–2019. Choice of antibiotic (from the Norwegian Prescription Database), treatment failure, re-prescription, and complications were stratified by age, calendar year, and risk factors. We used logistic regression to explore predefined risk factors (diabetes, prostate cancer, benign prostate hyperplasia [BPH], urinary retention, and any cancer) with complications (pyelonephritis, prostatitis, and hospitalisation) and re-prescriptions. Linear regression was used to explore time trends.

Results

In total, 108 994 individuals contributed 148 635 episodes. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics were first-choice treatment in 71.0% of the episodes (52.5% of all prescriptions were pivmecillinam). More than 75% of the episodes with narrow-spectrum versus 82.2% of broad-spectrum treatment did not lead to any re-prescription or complication. Complications occurred in 1.8% of all episodes (0.5% prostatitis, 0.7% pyelonephritis, and 0.7% hospitalisation). BPH was associated with increased risk of complications and re-prescription. Diabetes was associated with a lower risk of re-prescriptions. Prostate cancer and urinary retention were associated with a lower risk of both complications and re-prescriptions.

Conclusion

Our results support narrow-spectrum antibiotics as first-line treatment. Risk factor analyses warrants further investigation.
The effectiveness of justice as a component of the constitutional right to judicial protection of local self-government
Authors: Panchyshyn Ruslan , Shumak Ihor , Yehorova Valentyna , Bogdanov Oleksiy , Martyshchenko Serhii
Published: January 2024

The Ukrainian state, like any state that seeks to assert itself in the international arena and ensure the proper standard of living of the population, has throughout its existence paid and currently pays a lot of attention to the administration of justice. The very state of the administration of justice is an indicator of the state's interest in observing the rights and freedoms of a person, which in turn is the basis for recognizing such a state as a legal state, i.e. one where the laws that establish the basic rights of a person and the responsibility for their noncompliance both for another person and for the state as a whole. The existence of a legal state is impossible without the effective functioning of all institutions of civil society in it, in particular, local self-government, therefore, a special place among the issues of the administration of justice is occupied by the issue of justice within the limits of the protection of the rights of local selfgovernment, in connection with which the topic of the mentioned study is extremely relevant. The goal of this study is to determine the state of the effectiveness of justice in protecting the rights of local self-government in Ukraine. The authors used dialectical, formal-legal, axiological, logical-legal, hermeneutic methods, as well as the method of content analysis, generalization, modeling, comparison, analogy. The results of the study showed that there are deficiencies in the administration of justice within the framework of the protection of the rights of local selfgovernment. These shortcomings include the politicization of the judiciary, the lack of competence of judges, the complexity of the judicial process and the lack of transparency of the judicial process.
지방교육재정, 지역경제성장 및 지역인적자본 간 동태적 관계: 표준 연구방법론 적용 및 제언
Authors:   Society for Standards, Certification and Safety, Kang Gi Choon , Kwak Youngsik
Published: January 2024

화된 사실’을 찾아내고 이를 지방재정정책 수립에 활용하는 방안을 모색하였다. 16개 시․도를 분석함과 아울러 수도권, 비수도권, 광역시권 및 도 지역을 분석 비교하였다.
연구의 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 지역교육재정지출, 인적자본, 경제성장 등의 패널자료를 이용하여 표준 연구방법론에 따라 패널 단위근 검정, 패널 공적분 검정, 패널 그랜저 인과성 검정을 수행하고 충격반응과 예측오차분산분해를 위한 패널벡터오차수정(PVEC) 모형을 추정하였다.
본 연구의 분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 1세대와 2세대 패널 단위근 검정 결과 세 변수 모두 단위근이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 패널 공적분 검정 결과 세 변수 중에서 독립적인 공적분 관계가 1개 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 패널 단위근 검정과 패널 공적분 검정 결과에 따라 PVEC 모형을 사용하여 시차 길이가 4인 PVEC 모형을 추정하였다. 패널 그랜저 인과성 검정 결과, 지역교육재정지출과 지역경제성장 간에 지역인적자본에 대한 장기 인과관계가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 충격반응에 따르면 세 변수의 성장률은 자기 충격에 가장 큰 영향을 받는다. 다섯째, 지역교육재정지출과 지역인적자본은 제한적이지만 상호 설명력이 있다. 세 변수 모두의 상호 설명력은 비수도권보다 수도권에서, 광역시권보다 도 지역에서 유의한 것으로 나타났다.
본 연구에서는 VAR 모형을 이용한 분석에서 사용되는 표준 연구방법론을 모두 적용하여 강건한 연구결과를 얻었다. 다만, PVAR이나 PVEC 모형을 사용할 경우 패널자료의 특성을 활용할 필요가 있어 분석대상을 지역 전체, 수도권, 비수도권, 광역시권, 도 지역으로 구분하여 분석하는 방법론을 추가로 적용하였다. 그 결과를 비교하여 그 유용성을 확인하였다. 이에 향후 유사한 연구에서 이 방법론을 표준 연구방법론의 하나로 활용할 것을 제안한다.
Search for clusters among co-occurring objects and detection of protein complexes
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Pyatnitskiy A.M. , Gukasov V.M. ,   Scientific Research Institute – Federal Research Centre for Projects Evaluation and Consulting Services
Published: January 2024

The method of statistically based search for structures in data of different natures, previously proposed by the authors, is applied to the problem of searching for clusters of objects in sets of co-occurring objects. In bioinformatics, a similar problem arises when identifying protein complexes. A method for identifying significant interactions between proteins is proposed, based on the use of a statistical model in which the corresponding p-values are calculated. The algorithm for searching for clusters in one-dimensional data allows us to identify a cluster of small p-values located in the vicinity of zero. Next, we consider protein complexes that are formed only taking into account these significant interactions. Among the resulting complexes, as a rule, a giant component appears which in turn can be clustered. The proposed method for identifying significant deviations from the null hypothesis, based on searching for clusters of p-values in the vicinity of zero, is general.
Compression of mri images with brain pathology based on Haaar wavelet
Authors:   Institute of Computational Modelling SB RAS, Kirillova S.V. , Medievsky A.V. , Zotin A.G. , Simonov K.V. , Kirillov K.A. ,   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology
Published: January 2024

Currently wavelets are widely used in various fields related to the processing and analysis of signals and images. One application is the task of image compression. The advantage of compression using wavelet algorithms is that they work with the entire image and not with its individual blocks. At high compression ratios this avoids a block structure. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of the compression algorithm for medical MRI images with brain pathology which is based on the Haar wavelet transform. Implementation effective compression methods will allow storing a larger number of patient tomograms on a central server without increasing storage volumes. Experiments were performed and the dependences of indicators for assessing the quality of compressed MRI images on the compression ratio were constructed. The algorithm with zeroing wavelet coefficients by a threshold showed a better result compared to zeroing by levels based on assessing the quality of a compressed MRI image using a set of corresponding metrics.
Application of Meta-Programming Techniques for Accelerating Software Development and Improving Quality
Authors: Kerimovs Amirali
Published: January 2024

A contemporary software tool has been devised to evaluate software quality through metric analysis techniques. This tool calculates pertinent metrics utilizing quality indicators and establishes a composite quality indicator value for software products. The intricacies of software quality assessment processes have been elucidated, including the examination of software quality's standardization as well as the presentation level of its model. This enables the potential for enhancement through the formulation of suitable criteria for quality assessment, refining models for metric analysis, and quantitatively measuring quality across all phases of project implementation. Notably, the use of metric analysis to gauge software quality reveals a lack of standardized metrics, resulting in varying assessment methods and metrics from different measurement system providers. Interpreting metric values also proves challenging for most software users due to a lack of clarity and informativeness. Furthermore, it has been discovered that while decisions based on cost, development duration, and designer company reputation influence software implementation choices, they do not always guarantee optimal software quality.
Development and Application of the Bu-ma Democratic Protests Education Program Utilizing Digital Archives in Social Studies
Authors:   Korean Lesson Study Group for Social Studies, Cho Hyun Gi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to cultivate students' awareness of democracy and civic engagement by incorporating the Bu-ma Democratic Protests as educational material in social studies. Despite the protests' significant role in our nation's democratic history, it has been somewhat overlooked in the curriculum. This study highlights the protests' historical significance and addresses gaps in the current curriculum through a program utilizing digital archives. This program educates elementary students about democracy's fundamental principles, civic responsibility, and social participation. It enables a deeper, more interactive understanding of historical events through the creation of historical maps. The integration of digital archives is anticipated to revolutionize social studies, with historical cartography enabling students to comprehend events in both spatial and chronological contexts. This method fosters a novel exploration of history, enhancing students' engagement in historical learning. The program's implementation has shown a positive effect on students' civic participation. Students began to view the protests not merely as a historical occurrence but as a manifestation of democratic progress through citizen involvement. This innovative approach to social studies deepens students' understanding of the interplay between history and democracy and encourages them to be proactive members of a democratic society. Integrating the Bu-ma Democratic Protests with contemporary teaching methods, this educational approach effectively communicates the value and significance of democracy, preparing students to comprehend and enact democracy as future citizens.
Research on Establishing a Platform for Repairing Mobility Devices for People with Disabilities
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Industry Association, Kong Jin-Yong
Published: January 2024

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate the components necessary to build a mobility devices repair service platform to provide various information related to mobility devices repair and to support rapid repair.
Methods : In order to analyze the current status and requirements for repairing mobility devices, we conducted focus group interviews with people with disabilities who use mobility devices in October 2022, and analyzed the navigation structure and UI through the platform site maps of five organizations providing repair services in Korea and abroad. Results : In the focus group interviews, there was a demand for quick and convenient repair support services and various information provision. As a result of analyzing the repair service platform, we derived principles such as UI/UX design to make the platform more accessible, a repair service structure that can provide emergency dispatch services quickly, and a structure that can provide various information, and based on these, we prepared a plan for building the platform. Conclusion : In order to meet the various needs for mobility devices repair services, a quick and convenient repair service platform should be built based on PC or App, and a specific system should be established to ensure the right to mobility of people with disabilities.
Development of Board Game for Cognitive Function and Fine Motor Skill Improvement of the Elderly
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Industry Association, Lee Yun-Jeong , Mun Seo-Jun , Son You-Lim , Lim Ja-Woon , Jeon Hyun-Jeong , Yang Yeong-Ae
Published: January 2024

Objective : This study aimed to develop a board game tool for cognitive enhancement and improvement of fine motor skills in the elderly and to assess its usability among the participants. Methods : In this study, from September to October 2022, a board game was developed to improve the cognitive function and fine motor skills of the elderly. A usability test was conducted on 10 elderly people living in the community. For data analysis, SPSS version 27.0 was used, descriptive statistics were used to confirm the general characteristics of the subjects, and frequency analysis was conducted for usability evaluation. Results : The usability evaluation of the developed board game tool revealed high assessment scores and a “very excellent” grade (A) in all four categories: stability, control and functionality, usability, and satisfaction. Overall, the elderly participants provided positive assessments of the developed board game tool. Conclusion : This study has successfully developed a board game tool that the elderly can find interesting, enjoyable, and easy to access, while also promoting fine motor skills and cognitive enhancement. Based on the results of the usability evaluation, it is expected that addressing the identified issues in the developed board game tool will further enhance cognitive function and fine motor skills in the elderly and increase product satisfaction.
Study on Priority Order in North Korean Human Rights Policy: Based on AHP Analysis Methods
Authors:   Public Policy Research Institute, Korea University, Kim YunTae
Published: January 2024

This study aims to assess the current state of human rights policies in North Korea, identify key areas for improvement, and suggest the significance of enhancing human rights in the country. Employing focus group interviews (FGI), I identified five policy categories and 20 specific issues, followed by an empirical hierarchical analysis (AHP) to ascertain their relative importance and priorities.
The analysis ranked the policy categories as follows: human rights protection (31.8%), human rights diplomacy (24.8%), human rights system (19.5%), human rights capacity (16.1%), and human rights dialogue (7.8%). Regarding detailed policy priorities, the results revealed the most urgent to be petitioning the United Nations and assisting victims of North Korean human rights abuses (1st), effectively implementing North Korean human rights laws (2nd), maintaining the adoption of the UN Resolutions on North Korean Human Rights (3rd), securing protection measures for North Korean defectors in third countries (4th), and resolving issues related to separated families, abductees, and POWs (5th).
From these findings, I propose several policy implications: (1) advocating for measurable and verifiable improvements in North Korea's human rights; (2) ensuring robust, effective, and consistent human rights engagement with North Korea; (3) normalizing the execution of North Korean human rights laws by addressing existing irregularities; (4) prioritizing societal consensus and agreement; and (5) stressing the necessity for human rights dialogues and technical cooperation with North Korea.
DETECTION OF DELIBERATE DESTRUCTIVE ATTACKS IN INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS BASED ON MICRODISTORTIONS OF INFORMATION TRAFFIC
Authors: Сорокин И.А. , Шахтанов С.В. , Кондраненкова Т.Е. , Романов П.Н. , Ганин Д.В.
Published: January 2024

Рассмотрен метод обнаружения вторжений в автоматизированную систему управления технологическими процессами на основе вводимых микроискажений, способствующий обнаружению скрытых злоумышленников. Основой метода является интеграция в показания контрольного датчика микроискажений, базирующихся на общем секретном ключе, при этом дополнительно вводимые в управляющий пакет микроискажения должны иметь минимально необходимый объём для сохранения информационной производительности сети передачи данных в целом.

A method for detecting intrusions into an automated process control system (APCS) based on introduced microdistortions, which helps detect hidden intruders, is considered. The basis of the method is the integration of microdistortions based on a common secret key into the eadings of the control sensor of distortions based on a common secret key, while the microdistortions, which is additionally introduced into the control package must have the minimum required volume to maintain the information performance of the data transmission network as a whole.
The Impact of Self-compassion on Depression and Subjective Happiness in Undergraduate Counseling Majors: A Comparison with Other Majors
Authors:   Jounral of Educational Therapist, Kim Wan-Soo , Kim Kyoung-Mi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to examine how self-compassion affects depression, subjective happiness and whether counseling majors differ from students in other majors in the effects of self-compassion on depression and subjective happiness. For the analysis, 148 students majoring in counseling, 187 students majoring in other majors at four-year universities in Busan and Jeolla Province were surveyed on depression, subjective happiness, self-compassion. Descriptive statistics, correlations, t-tests, hierarchical regressions were performed. First, the results showed that higher self-compassion was associated with lower depression and higher subjective happiness in college students. Second, the effects of self-kindness and over-identification on depression were significantly higher for counseling majors than for undergraduates in other majors. Third, the impact of self-judgment and over-identification on subjective happiness was significantly higher for counseling majors than for non-counseling majors. Based on these findings, the importance of self-compassion and ways to improve it for the mental health of counseling majors were discussed.
RESPONS PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) AKIBAT PEMBERIAN ABU BOILER CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI CAMPURAN MEDIA TANAM
Authors: Sari Wulan Kumala , Nofianti Cici
Published: January 2024

Kabupaten Dharmasraya merupakan daerah terbesar kedua penghasil kelapa sawit di Sumatera Barat. Sejalan dengan itu, limbah pabrik kelapa sawit berupa abu boiler tersedia melimpah di daerah tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah pabrik kelapa sawit berupa abu boiler cangkang kelapa sawit sebagai campuran media tanam pada pembibitan kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) klon BL-50, serta untuk mendapatkan dosis terbaik abu boiler tersebut dalam menunjang pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Penelitian telah dilakukan selama lima bulan di Kebun Percobaan Kampus 3 Universitas Andalas yang berlokasi di Pulau Punjung, Kabupaten Dharmasraya, Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan lapangan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Dosis abu boiler yang diaplikasikan adalah 0, 300, 350, 400 dan 450 g/polybag. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan uji Fdan apabila berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan Duncanâ€™s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya respons pertumbuhan bibit kakao akibat aplikasi abu boiler cangkang kelapa sawit sebagai campuran media tanam, yaitu pada variabel diameter batang, tinggi bibit, jumlah daun, serta panjang dan lebar daun. Dosis abu boiler cangkang kelapa sawit yang terbaik dalam menunjang pertumbuhan bibit kakao klon BL-50 adalah 300 g/polybag.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PROSES ADMINISTRASI PERUBAHAN NAMA ANAK (Studi Kasus Di Pengadilan Negeri Jember)
Authors: Adhim Muhammad Syauqun , Najib Ainun , Efendi Yulius
Published: January 2024

In cases that often occur, many parents want to change their child's name because they think their child often gets sick because they use that name. Another common reason why someone changes their name from their previous name is because they have needs related to their individual interests. This research aims to analyze the juridical aspects related to the process of changing a child's name and the legal consequences of changing a child's name in the District Court. The research carried out is legal research that is analytical in nature and uses a type of normative-empirical juridical research, namely combining or approaching related laws and regulations, as well as the views of experts in the legal field. Primary data is based on interviews and documentation. Based on the research results, it shows that 1) The process of changing a child's name at the Jember District Court involves structured stages, starting from submitting an application by the child's parent or guardian, administrative examination by the court, determining the decision by the judge to announcing it to the public. Each stage requires administrative requirements and documents that have been previously determined, with a settlement process that lasts two weeks and there are court costs incurred. 2) The legal consequences that arise from changing a child's name are the legality of the child's legal status regarding changes in several authentic evidence, such as Deeds. The birth of a child with the name on the Family Card (KK) in question.
SOSIOLOGI HUKUM UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN HUKUM YANG BERKEADILAN
Authors: Umairy Adib Kamali
Published: January 2024

Penegakan hukum di indonesia cenderung mengutamakan kepastian hukum saja, yang kemudian terbawa alam bawah sadar bahwa kebenaran dan keadilan ialah hukum tertulis, para penegak hukum kita masih saja berkutat pada keadilan formal, belum menyentuh pada keadilan subtantif. Akibatnya persoalan penegak hukum makin memperburuk. Sehingga berbagai pendekatan perlu menjadi perhatian dalam proses penegakan hukum, salah satunya ialah pendekatan sosiologi hukum, karena hukum kita masih terdapat kecendrungan bersikap tegas dan kaku terhadap kelompok rentan, sebut saja diantaranya masyarakat fakir miskin, ketidak seimbangan antara keadilan dan kerugian yang alami. Oleh karenanya Fakta fakta sosial dalam masyarakat perlu digali lebih dalam, perilaku masyarakat, gejala-gejala sosial, norma yang hidup dimasyarakat menjadi sesuatu yang tidak bisa diharaukan jika penegakan di indonesia ingin serius dalam memastikan keadilan masyarakat,  sosiologi hukum bukan untuk menilai baik dan buruk tetapi untuk memberikan deskripsi terhadap fakta fakta yang ditemukan. Studi studi hukum tentang Sosiolosogi hukum berusaha mencoba untuk membebaskan hakim dalam bayang-bayang positivisme hukum agar dapat mewujudkan keadilan yang sebenarnya yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat.
PSYWAR – a kommunikációs eszközök fejlődése aspektusából
Authors: Mező Ferenc
Published: January 2024

A pszichológiai hadviselés (psychological warfare, PSYWAR) fejlődése és történelmi előzményei négy témakör szemszögéből tárgyalhatók: 1) A lélektani hadviselés eszközeit képező kommunikációs lehetőségek fejlesztésén keresztül; 2) A pszichológiai hadviselést folytató szervezetek típusai szerint; 3) A pszichológiai hadviselés terminológiájának fejlődése révén; 4) Olyan események alapján, amelyek jelentős változásokat hoztak a pszichológiai hadviselés/hadműveletek területén. Jelen tanulmány a lélektani hadviselés világában a különböző kommunikációs lehetőségek megjelenésére fókuszál.
A légköri nyomás hatása az azték zsályamag (Salvia Hispanica) korai fejlődési szakaszára különböző légköri összetétel mellett
Authors: Vona Nándor Imre , Stonawski Tamás
Published: January 2024

A növények alkalmazkodóképessége közismerten kiváló, de nem határok nélküli. Az általunk választott gyorsan csírázó azték zsálya egyedfejlődésének korai szakaszát vizsgálva az eredményekből kitűnik, hogy a légköri nyomás, mint környezeti tényező meghatározó. A kísérletek tapasztalatai nem csak a hagyományos agrártudományok területén érdekesek, hanem az asztrobiológián belül a nem földi körülmények közötti gazdálkodásban és élelmezésben is.
Cast & Place Pavilion: Transformation from Structure to Other Objects
Authors:   Knippers Helbig, Cheng Alexandra A.H. , Segal Edward ,   Hofstra University, Ramsburg Lisa K. ,   Princeton University, Draper Powell ,   Entuitive and The Cooper Union, Draper Josh ,   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Thompson Scot , Lindsey Bruce ,   Washington University in St. Louis, Dowd Max
Published: January 2024

Buildings live longer than their makers. It is not uncommon to see historic buildings reuse elements from older structures. In contrast, contemporary construction produces a significant amount of waste. While recycled materials are part of current discussions on sustainable building design, the recycling process requires additional resources and energy to produce an element with reliable behavior and performance. The direct reuse and reclamation of existing elements requires different considerations. Designing for reuse recognizes that a building is not born in a design, but only reincarnated; old parts may have incurred flaws during an unknown past, and must also survive to perform in the future.
Living Systems Thinking and Making: 3D Printing with Mycelium and Upcycled Waste Materials
Authors:   Central Saint Martins, UAL, Melendez Frank , Diniz Nancy Veronica ,   City College of New York, CUNY
Published: January 2024

This research project looks towards new possibilities for designing and making architectural elements and systems with living organisms, upcycled waste, and 3D printing technologies. In line with the 2021 ACSA conference theme, EMPOWER, this research seeks the empowerment of architecture to address our current climate crisis by advancing processes of designing and making architecture with living systems. Through a collaboration with living organisms, advances in symbiotic relationship between humans and non-humans are formed, and new possibilities emerge for architectural design, fabrication, and speculation, that challenge traditional and conventional methods of design and making in a post-human world. The project seeks opportunities for a paradigm shift in architectural design, from ‘systems thinking’ to ‘living systems thinking’, offering new possibilities and raising questions regarding approaches to architectural design and fabrication. How can we (humans) empower non-human organisms to collaborate within a design and fabrication process? What are the opportunities for architectural design when we shift from ‘systems thinking’ to ‘living systems thinking’? How can we embed growing, living, ‘vibrant matter’ [1] in the process of making? How can we advance and improve upon the methods in which we collect and upcycle waste materials that are biodegradable to increase positive impacts on our environment? Can we rethink what we discard, to reduce the use of plastics and other environmentally harmful materials, and advance ecological practices in architecture? The project seeks to address these questions through applied research, and the development of techniques and workflows that demonstrate a method for advancing methods of making. This work and research encompasses a range of topics including computational design, living systems, waste, upcycling, circular economies, bio-design and bio-aesthetics.