bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Derivation of two iPSC lines (KAIMRCi004-A, KAIMRCi004-B) from a Saudi patient with Biotin-Thiamine-Responsive Basal Ganglia disease (BTBGD) carrying homozygous pathogenic missense variant in the SCL19A3 gene
Authors: Alowaysi Maryam , Baadhaim Moayad , Al-Shehri Mohammad , Alzahrani Hajar , Badkok Amani , Attas Hanouf , Zakri Samer , Alameer Seham , Malibari Dalal , Hosawi Manal , Daghestani Mustafa , Al-Ghamdi Khalid , Zia Asima , Tegne Jesper , Alfadhel Majid , Aboalola Doaa , Alsayegh Khaled
Published: March 2024

The neurometabolic disorder known as biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease (BTBGD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition linked to bi-allelic pathogenic mutations in the SLC19A3 gene. BTBGD is a neurological disorder characterized by progressive encephalopathy, confusion, seizures, dysarthria, dystonia, and severe disabilities. Diagnosis is difficult due to the disease's rare nature and diverse clinical characteristics. The primary treatment for BTBGD at this time is thiamine and biotin supplementation, while its long-term effectiveness is still being investigated. Despite the lack of knowledge related to genotype-phenotype correlations, the derivation of BTBGD-iPSC lines carrying a homozygous mutation in SLC19A3 constitutes a unique cell model to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular dysfunctions caused by SLC19A3 pathogenic variant and could promote the development of novel therapeutic agents.
Complete sequence and genetic characterization of a novel segmented RNA virus infecting Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Ning Chao , Ye Zhuang-Xin , Xu Zhong-Tian , Li Ting , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Chen Jian-Ping , Li Jun-Min , Mao Qianzhuo
Published: March 2024

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is a significant agricultural pest capable of long-distance migration and transmitting severe rice viruses. This study identified a novel segmented RNA virus in BPH, displaying a close homology to members of a recently discovered virus lineage known as "Quenyaviruses" within the Orthornavia virus kingdom. This newly identified virus was named "Nilaparvata lugens Quenyavirus" (NLQV). NLQV consists of five positive-sense, single-stranded RNAs (+ ssRNAs), with each segment encoding a single open reading frame (ORF). The genomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis support the classification of NLQV as a novel member of the Quenyaviruses. Notably, all NLRV segments share the 5'-terminal sequence AUCUG. The characteristic vsiRNA profile of NLQV suggests that the antiviral RNAi pathway of host BPH was activated in response to virus infection. Remarkably, these findings represent the first documented report of Quenyaviruses in planthoppers, contributing to our understanding of Quenyaviruses and expanding our knowledge of insect-specific viruses in planthoppers.
IoT-Based Three-level Water Quality Assessment System for Industrial Wastewater
Authors: Nishan Rejoan Kobir , Akter Shapla , Sony Rayhanul Islam , Hoque Md Mozammal , Anee Meratun Junnut , Hossain Amzad
Published: March 2024

Industrialization and urbanization both lead to pollution of the environment, particularly of the water. Industrialization and urbanization-related pollution have detrimental consequences both for the environment and for life on Earth. Food poisoning, diarrhea, short-term gastrointestinal problems, respiratory illnesses, skin conditions, and other major health problems can all result from this contaminated water. Most of the waste generated from garment factories is dumped into the closest rivers or canals in a developing nation such as Bangladesh, where the ready-made garment sector is one of the key contributors to the overall gross domestic product (GDP). The quality of water in these bodies has deteriorated to the point that it is no longer suitable for supporting life, making it one of the biggest hazards to both the environment and public health. Furthermore, water pollution in Bangladesh causes a daily decline in the number of fish in Bangladesh's rivers and canals. We must therefore keep an eye on the water quality and identify the causes of pollution if we want to conserve fish, other aquatic life, and the ecosystem. To reduce water pollution, real-time monitoring of water quality is essential. Most methods to reduce water pollution are primarily biological and laboratory-based and require a significant amount of time and resources. To solve this issue, we developed a real-time, three-level water quality monitoring system that is based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and integrated with mobile applications. The system suggested in this study collects data from three layers of wastewater and measures some of the most significant indicators of water, including temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS) and hydrogen potential (pH). The outcomes of the proposed system will significantly improve the health living organisms on Earth by reusing wastewater and preserving the environment.
NAMPT deficiency triggers dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra of mouse
Authors: Chen Cong , Gao Tong-Yao , Wang Tong , Chen Ya-Ling , Lu Yun-Bi , Zhang Wei-Ping
Published: March 2024

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the key enzyme in the salvaging synthesize pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The neuroprotective roles of NAMPT on neurodegeneration have been widely explored in aging brain and Alzheimer’s Disease. However, its roles in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) remain to be elucidated. We found that the dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra expressed higher levels of NAMPT than the other types of neurons. Using conditional knockout of the nampt gene in dopaminergic neurons and utilizing a NAMPT inhibitor in the substantia nigra of mice, we found that the NAMPT deficiency triggered the loss of dopaminergic neurons, the impairment of the dopamine nigrostriatal pathway, and the development of PD-like motor dysfunction. In the rotenone-induced PD mouse model, nicotinamide ribose (NR), a precursor of NAD, rescued the loss of dopaminergic neurons, the impairment of dopamine nigrostriatal pathway, and mitigated PD-like motor dysfunction. In SH-SY5Y cells, NAD suppression induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial impairment, and cell death, which was reversed by N-acetyl cysteine, an antioxidant and ROS scavenger. Rotenone decreased NAD level, induced the accumulation of ROS and the impairment of mitochondria, which was reversed by NR. In summary, our findings show that NAMPT deficiency is an independent risk factor for the development of PD, and NAD precursors have the potential to rescue degenerative dopaminergic neurons and treat PD.
Gas diffusion property of compacted GMZ bentonite with consideration of saturation and gas pressure
Authors: Ye Wei-min , Ji Yuheng , LU Puhuai , Wang Qiong , Chen Yong-Gui
Published: March 2024

During the long-term operation of a deep geological repository, hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide, etc. could be generated and accumulated in bentonite around canisters, threatening integrity and safety of engineering barrier systems. In this work, self-designed test apparatuses were developed. Gas diffusion tests were conducted on GMZ bentonite specimens under both rigid and flexible boundary conditions with consideration of initial saturations and gas pressures. After experienced the gas diffusion tests, the specimens were cut and submitted for the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests. Results revealed that gas diffusion coefficient was obviously influenced by the initial saturations and gas pressures. As gas pressure increased from 1 to 4 MPa, a decrease of 55.3% ~ 58.8% and 17.7% ~ 73.4% in the diffusion coefficient were recorded for the specimens tested under rigid and flexible boundary, respectively. Compared to the rigid boundary conditions, the effective pore volume for gas molecule diffusion was further compressed under flexible boundary, resulting in a relatively poor pore connectivity and a lower gas diffusion coefficient. Meanwhile, the diffusion coefficient decreased with increasing initial saturations for the flexible boundary specimens, while an opposite trend was recorded for the rigid boundary ones. Explanations to this observation could be that under the rigid boundary conditions, specimens with higher initial saturations have larger diameter macro-pores, facilitating the gas diffusion.
A P2RY12 Deficiency Results in Sex-specific Cellular Perturbations and Sexually Dimorphic Behavioral Anomalies
Authors: Uweru Ogochukwu J. , Okojie Kenneth A. , Trivedi Aparna , Benderoth Jordan , Thomas Lauren S. , Davidson Georgia , Cox Kendall , Eyo Ukpong
Published: March 2024

Microglia are sexually dimorphic, yet, this critical aspect is often overlooked in neuroscientific studies. Decades of research have revealed the dynamic nature of microglial-neuronal interactions, but seldom consider how this dynamism varies with microglial sex differences, leaving a significant gap in our knowledge. This study focuses on P2RY12, a highly expressed microglial signature gene that mediates microglial-neuronal interactions, we show that adult females have a significantly higher expression of the receptor than adult male microglia. We further demonstrate that a genetic deletion of P2RY12 induces sex-specific cellular perturbations with microglia and neurons in females more significantly affected. Correspondingly, female mice lacking P2RY12 exhibit unique behavioral anomalies not observed in male counterparts. These findings underscore the critical, sex-specific roles of P2RY12 in microglial-neuronal interactions, offering new insights into basal interactions and potential implications for CNS disease mechanisms.
Sleep disorders in individuals with dentofacial deformities: a preliminary study on the relationship with sex and serotonin levels
Authors: Bisatto Natália , Crescente Betina , Fritscher Guilherme , Campos Maria Martha
Published: March 2024

Introduction
It has been suggested that dentofacial deformities (DFD) can impair sleep quality. This pilot study aimed at evaluating sleep disorders in individuals with DFD before orthognathic surgery, correlating the clinical findings with salivary biomarker levels.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled ten males and ten females with DFD diagnoses under orthodontic treatment preceding orthognathic surgery. The participants responded to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Fletcher and Luckett Sleep Questionnaire (FLSQ). Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was examined by the Home Sleep Apnea Test (HSAT). The salivary levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), glutamate, and serotonin were measured.
Results
Eighty-five% of individuals presented PSQI and FLSQ scores indicative of sleep alterations. Females had higher scores in part 2 of the FLSQ instrument, referring to sleepiness-associated complaints. HSAT analysis revealed a low number of symptomatic OSA individuals, with three males demonstrating altered oxygen desaturation rates. There was a significant negative correlation between the salivary levels of serotonin and the FLSQ results.
Discussion
Individuals with DFD diagnosis showed poorer sleep quality, which is likely independent of sex and OSA diagnosis, and negatively correlated with salivary levels of serotonin.
Image Segmentation Models as a New Tool to Monitor Disease Risks in Changing Environments
Authors: Trujillano Fedra , Jimenez Gabriel , Manrique Edgar , Kahamba Najat , Okumu Fredros , Apollinaire Nombre , Carrasco-Escobar Gabriel , Barrett Brian , Fornace Kimberly
Published: March 2024

Background: In the near future, mosquito-borne diseases may expand in new sites due to changing temperatures and rainfall patterns caused by climate change. Therefore, there is a need to use recent technological advances to improve vector surveillance methodologies. UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) have been used to collect high-resolution imagery (2-10cm/ pixel) to map detailed information on mosquito habitats and direct control measures to specific areas. Open-source foundation models such as the Meta AI Segment Anything Model (SAM) can facilitate the automation of the manual digitalization process. This model can assist in extracting the features of interest in images of the diverse domains. We evaluated the performance of the Samgeo package, based on SAM, since it has not been applied to analyse remote sensing data for epidemiological studies.
Results: We tested the identification of two landcovers of interest: water bodies and human settlements. Different drone platforms acquired imagery across three malaria-endemic areas: Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia. The input was provided through manually located point prompts and text prompts associated with the classes of interest to guide the segmentation and compare the performance in the different geographic contexts. The results indicate that point prompts can significantly decrease the human effort required for annotations. Nevertheless, the performance of text prompts was closely dependent on each object's features and landscape characteristics, resulting in varying performance.
Conclusions:Recent models such as SAM can potentially assist manual digitalization in vector control programs, quickly identifying key features when surveilling an area of interest. However, it still relies on the user manual prompts and corrections to obtain the gold standard segmentation and specific tests and evaluations if intended to be used in rural areas.
Investigation on the lubrication performance of different carbon nanofluids for titanium alloy
Authors: Yang Ye , Luan Hao , Tian Yaru , Si Lina , Yan Hongjuan , Liu Fengbin
Published: March 2024

Titanium alloys are difficult to machine and have poor tribological properties. This paper investigated the lubricating performance of different carbon nanoparticles in water-based lubrication for titanium alloys. The lubricating performance of four kinds of carbon nanofluids on titanium alloys were tested and the results showed that single-layer graphene had the smallest COF and wear volume. The interaction between nanoparticles and debris was an important factor that influenced the lubrication performance of nanoparticles for titanium alloy. The effect of length on the lubricating property of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated. It was found that the shorter the length of the MWCNTs, the lower their friction coefficient and wear volume. Moreover, the hybrid nanofluid with graphene and spherical graphite in a ratio of 1:2 achieved a balance between lubricating performance and price, making it the optimal choice. The mechanisms of these nanoparticles were analyzed and the interaction between nanoparticles and debris was evaluated.
Robust Prediction Method for Pedestrian Trajectories in Occluded Video Scenarios
Authors: Seo Aria , Jeon Hyeonjin , Son Yunsik
Published: March 2024

In smart surveillance and intelligent transportation systems, accurately predicting pedestrian movements, especially under occlusions, remains a significant challenge. Traditional surveillance methods, primarily based on fixed CCTV footage, often overlook occlusions, noise, and camera angle changes, leading to inaccuracies in pedestrian trajectory predictions. Addressing this gap, our research introduces a novel trajectory prediction system optimized for various walking and filming conditions. By leveraging the ETH/UCY dataset, we simulate scenarios where pedestrians are temporarily obscured, employing re-identification techniques upon their reappearance to ensure path continuity. Our system utilizes linear prediction to reconstruct missing paths, integrating these with the PECNET baseline model for future path forecasting. This methodology allows for the effective handling of occlusions, a common yet underaddressed issue in current studies. Performance evaluation using Average Displacement Error (ADE) and Final Displacement Error (FDE) metrics reveals our system achieves an ADE of 0.25 meters and an FDE of 0.50 meters, demonstrating comparable accuracy to predictions based on fully visible paths within the same dataset. These results highlight our approach's efficacy in complex environments, marking a significant step forward in occlusion-aware pedestrian movement analysis and prediction for enhanced surveillance system accuracy.
Fatigue crack propagation in silver: experiments and molecular dynamics analysis
Authors: Xie Yinan , Hao Xiaoli , Huang Yuan , Wang Zumin
Published: March 2024

In this study, single crystal and polycrystal models to investigate the fatigue crack propagation mechanism in pure silver through molecular dynamics (MD). At the same time, a combined validation method at micro and macro levels, including transmission electron microscope (TEM), electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) and compact tension (CT) specimen fatigue testing, is developed to verify the reliability of simulation models and results. The simulation results show that the initial crack orientation is a key factor affecting crack propagation. When the crack propagates within the crystal, two main crack propagation mechanisms are observed: (1) nano-voids appear at the crack tip, and the crack propagates by continuously aggregating with the nano-voids ahead; (2) the formation of stair-rod dislocations and V-shape stacking faults due to dislocation reactions and slip band movements impedes crack propagation, accompanied by the dislocation reaction of Shockley partial dislocations ([112]) generating Hirth dislocations ([110]). The dislocation reaction is verified through the dislocation analysis of the crack tip area of the CT specimen after fatigue experiment by using TEM. In addition, the results of this study show that the angle between the direction of crack propagation and the grain boundary affects the fatigue crack propagation, e.g. when the angle is small, the crack rapidly propagates along the grain boundary. The orientation distribution function (ODF) results of EBSD can verify that the polycrystalline model containing 30 grains is a reliable model for the MD simulation of behavior of the crack tip of CT specimen. Finally, the Paris law constants of pure silver can be determined as m = 3.72 and log C=-10.77, which has reference value for the fatigue analysis and life prediction of silver components or silver welding pots in engineering.
Computational simulation and multivariate analysis of microclimatic variables in a tropical city: industrial x residential
Authors: Arruda Angela Maria , Lopes António , Masiero Érico
Published: March 2024

The effects of Urban Heat Island (UHI) have intensified with greater urbanization and industrialization of the natural environment. The objective of this work is to identify the formation of UHI in an industrial district based on the analysis of possible correlations between the variables that influence the urban microclimate. In this context, it was proposed to collect data in situ for 15 days on temperature and relative humidity in an industrial district (DI) and a central residential area (R) in Uberlândia/MG. To estimate the UHI intensity, data from the meteorological station located at the airport were used, whose maximum peak occurred at 9 pm, reaching 1.5ºC for R and 5ºC for DI. It was found that in the R area, the variables wind speed (WS) and Sky View Factor (SVF) (0.505), relative humidity (RH) and turbulent kinetic energy rate (TKE) (0.603) are strongly positively correlated, air temperature (Tar) and relative humidity (RH) established a strong negative correlation (-0.981); in the industrial section (DI), the variables with strong correlation were LST and Tar (0.603), SVF and WS (0.704), WS and Wind direction (WD) (0.643), WD and SVF (0.694) and again RH and TKE (0.705), demonstrating the importance of wind for this location, especially when it is favored by the orientation of the main streets. Given the intensity of UHI recorded and the most impactful variables detected for the DI, urban planning with a focus on better distribution and layout of streets and avenues and greater afforestation of the space and judicious application of surface materials could contribute to cooling the área.
Sine Cosine-based Optimization Method for Reactive Power Planning with Multitype FACTS Devices
Authors: Bhattacharyya Biplab , Basak Sourav , Rajbhar Suraj Kumar
Published: March 2024

The present work proposes the sine cosine-based algorithm (SCA) for the optimal coordination of multitype FACTS devices with all the existing VAr sources of a connected power network. IEEE 57 bus system was chosen as standard test system for this purpose. The objective of the present work was to investigate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm for the optimal usage of the VAr sources already present in the test network as well optimal installations of the different types of FACTS devices. Unified power flow controllers (UPFC), thyristor-controlled series compensators (TCSC), and static var compensators (SVC) were the FACTS devices installed, also sizing of the existing VAr sources i.e Q generations from generators, Shunt capacitor’s VAr output, OLTC tap setting arrangements were determined. Hence the present work may be considered as a reactive power planning problem, where the main purpose was to reduce the system loss as minimum as possible by suitable coordination of all the internal and external VAr sources. Particle swarm optimization (PSO), crow search algorithm (CSA) and pigeon-inspired optimization were the other three optimization techniques also applied along with the sine cosine-based algorithm (SCA). It has been observed that SCA yielded the most suitable result.
The influence of basis sets and ansatze building to quantum computing in chemistry
Authors: Porto Caio Moraes , Nome Rene Alfonso , Morgon Nelson Henrique
Published: March 2024

Quantum computing is an exciting area, which has grown at an astonishing rate in the last decade. It is specially promising for the computational and theoretical chemistry area. One algorithm has received a lot of attention lately, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Is is used to solve electronic structure problems and it is suitable to the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware. VQE calculations require ansatze and one of the most known is the unitary coupled-cluster (UCC). It uses the chosen basis set to generate a circuit which will be iteratively minimized. The present work investigates the circuit depth as a function of basis sets and molecular size. It has been shown that for the current quantum devices, only the smallest molecules and basis sets are tractable. The H2 molecule with the cc-pVTZ and aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets have circuit depths in the order of 106 to 107 gates and the C2H6 molecule with 3-21G basis set has a circuit depth of 2.2 ×108 gates. At the same time the analysis demonstrate that the H2 molecule with STO-3G basis set, requires at least 500 shots to reduce the error and that, although error mitigation schemes can diminish the error, they were not able to completely negate it.
Disease Note
First report of poor growth and root rot caused by Phytopythium helicoides on shiso grown in deep flow technique hydroponic system
Authors: Miyake Noriyuki , Matsusaki Masashi , Yasuda Hiroko , Kubota Yoshimasa , Otake Takamasa , Hieno Ayaka , KAGEYAMA Koji
Published: March 2024

In 2023, shiso plant growth in a Deep Flow Technique (DFT) hydroponic system was delayed from mid-March to late April with roots showing evidence of rotting. An oomycete species was isolated from the roots and identified as Phytopythium helicoides based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequence homology. Identical symptoms appeared in shiso plants after inoculating seedlings with zoospores from the isolates. The same oomycete species were subsequently reisolated from diseased shiso plants. This study is the first report in Japan of poor growth and root rot in shiso grown in a DFT hydroponic system caused by P. helicoides.
TriDeepRec: A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach to Content and Behaviour-based Recommendation Systems
Authors: Ghadami Amirhossein , Tran Thomas
Published: March 2024

Hybrid recommendation systems are increasingly crucial for businesses aiming to boost revenue and customer engagement. These systems integrate various algorithms, each with unique strengths, to outperform traditional recommendation methods. Our study introduces a novel hybrid recommendation system, TriDeepRec, which effectively combines content-based and behaviour-based data to enhance recommendation accuracy. We first introduce a Convolutional Autoencoder-based Recommendation System (CAERS), designed to process content data and extract complex, meaningful patterns, translating these into predictive ratings. Notably, CAERS tackles the cold-start problem by leveraging content information alone, making it robust in scenarios where historical user interaction data is sparse or unavailable. Next, we incorporate Neural Collaborative Filtering (NCF), a deep learning approach, to analyze past user behaviour and predict ratings. The outputs from CAERS and NCF are then integrated using a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), a type of neural network, to generate the final recommendations. Our methodology employs three deep learning techniques to create TriDeepRec, a system capable of utilizing both past interactions and content attributes. We evaluate our system using two datasets, initially focusing on CAERS to demonstrate its effectiveness in addressing the cold-start problem. Subsequently, we assess the performance of TriDeepRec as a whole. The results, measured in terms of Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), indicate significant improvements over both the individual components and other leading models in the field. This demonstrates that TriDeepRec, by 1 harnessing the strengths of both content and behaviour data, provides a more accurate and reliable recommendation system.
High-k Material in InGaN/GaN LED for Solid State Lightening Applications
Authors: Saranya G , M Sivamangai N , R Babuji , Kalaivani C T , Suganthi S , J Ajayan
Published: March 2024

The p-GaN layer adjacent to the quantum well is proposed for InGaN/GaN Light Emitting Diode (LED), it enhances the output optical power and internal quantum efficiency. The physical simulator Technology Computer-Aided Design (TCAD) is used to analyze the performance of the proposed LED. In the simulation, physics-based models are used to obtain optical properties such as luminous power and recombination rate. The suggested InGaN/GaN LED outperformed conventional LEDs in terms of internal quantum efficiency and luminous power. At the injection current of 700 mA, the output luminous power and internal quantum efficiency in the proposed LED are improved by 24% and 18%, respectively. Furthermore, the suggested InGaN/GaN LED has a smaller Auger recombination than conventional LEDs. Thus, the proposed p-GaN layer technique in GaN LED is a promising one for future solid-state lighting applications due to its high internal quantum efficiency of 90% at 100 mA injection current.
Seismic analysis of a multi storied steel building with different types of damper and base isolation
Authors: Patil Aishwarya Y. Patil Yogesh , Patil R. D. Patil
Published: March 2024

This manuscript research presents the design of steel building and analysis of different damper and base isolation systems at various seismic zone for a multi-storied steel framed building (MSSB). Steel buildings are easy to build and gives more strength, also after demolish there are scrap value so ties more economical. Base isolation provides structural safety and also safety and security for people and properties in the building. Base isolation is also used for the retrofit of the historic buildings. In the present manuscript work done on, Seismic analysis of G+10 multi storied steel building with and without dampers (viscous damper and friction damper) and base isolation system (friction isolation and lead plug bearing). In this types of seismic provision which one is more suitable according to seismic zone for stabilization of steel building analyzed. In this work used seismic zone II, zone III, zone IV and zone V by using ETABs software analysis carried out. Found the optimum damper and base isolation combination effect in the steel building and analysis result of responses (viz. storey drift, storey displacement, base shear).
Aortic arch de-branching for suspected expanding perigraft haematoma after previous acute type-A dissection repair with AMDS stent: A technique for a potential future problem
Authors: Karsan Rickesh Bharat , Shearer Niamh , Doyle Ciara , Roberts Rachel , Ahmed Alsir
Published: March 2024

Background Acute Stanford-A aortic dissections make up a large part of emergency cardiac surgery. They carry a significant burden of morbidity. New techniques to aid aortic remodelling include the Ascyrus Medical Dissection Stent (AMDS): Its increasing use, looks to present a potential problem in cases where surgery involving the aortic arch may be required.Case Report: We present the case of a 49-year-old male who underwent urgent redo-surgery for total arch replacement and de-branching following recent replacement of ascending aorta for acute type-A dissection where an AMDS stent was deployed. The patient underwent total arch replacement with a stented tri-furcate prosthesis and de-branching of arch vessels with the stent landed inside the previous AMDS, to good effect.Conclusion This case highlights a possible approach to aortic arch surgery in patients who have previous had AMDS insertion.
Metabolic signatures derived from WB-MRS identify early tumor progression in high-grade gliomas using machine learning
Authors: Rivera Cameron , Bhatia Shovan , Morell Alexis , Daggubati Lekhaj , Merenzon Martin , Sheriff Sulaiman , Luther Evan , Chandar Jay , Levy Adam , Metzler Ashley , Berke Chandler , Goryawala Mohammed , Mellon Eric , Bhatia Rita , Nagornaya Natalya , Saigal Gaurav , Fuente Macarena De La , Komotar Ricardo , Ivan Michael , Shah Ashish
Published: March 2024

Purpose
Recurrence for high-grade gliomas is inevitable despite maximal safe resection and adjuvant chemoradiation, and current imaging techniques fall short in predicting future progression. However, we introduce a novel whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (WB-MRS) protocol that delves into the intricacies of tumor microenvironments, offering a comprehensive understanding of glioma progression to inform expectant surgical and adjuvant intervention.
Methods
We investigated five locoregional tumor metabolites in a post-treatment population and applied machine learning (ML) techniques to analyze key relationships within seven regions of interest. Five supervised ML classification models and a neural network were developed, optimized, trained, tested, and validated. Lastly, a web application was developed to host our novel calculator, the Miami Glioma Prediction Map (MGPM), for open-source interaction.
Results
16 patients with histopathological confirmation of high-grade glioma prior to WB-MRS were included in this study, totalling 118,922 whole-brain voxels. ML models successfully differentiated normal-appearing white matter from tumor and future progression. Notably, the highest performing ML model predicted glioma progression within fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal in the post-treatment setting (mean AUC = 0.86), with Cho/Cr as the most important feature.
Conclusions
This study marks a significant milestone as the first of its kind to unveil radiographic occult glioma progression in post-treatment gliomas within 8 months of discovery. These findings underscore the utility of ML-based WB-MRS growth predictions, presenting a promising avenue for the guidance of early treatment decision-making. This research represents a crucial advancement in predicting the timing and location of glioblastoma recurrence, which can inform treatment decisions to improve patient outcomes.
Complex network analysis reveals key countries in the South America production structure
Authors: Contreras Martha Gabriela Alatriste , Lugo Igor
Published: March 2024

We use input-output tables published by CEPAL for 10 South American countries to construct production networks for each economy and the region. We then apply complex network analysis to characterize the structure of the economies and the relation between national production networks and the regional economy. Main results give evidence that the most relevant countries for the regional structure are Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. These countries have different structural properties, but contribute greatly to the structure of the regional economy. The most important sectors of the region are agricultural activities and manufacturing of simple low-transformation products such as food. Finally, results give evidence of competition of countries in the same markets rather than cooperation.
Distinguishing Acute Leukemia Subtypes: The Role of hsa_circ_0012152 and hsa_circ_0020093 in Peripheral Blood
Authors: Ying Qiming , Lv Dingfeng , Chen Ying , Mu Qitian
Published: March 2024

Acute leukemia (AL), a rapidly advancing hematological malignancy, originates from the bone marrow and is hallmarked by an excess production of abnormal white blood cells. It is primarily subclassified into acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules associated with various diseases. However, their role in AL remains incompletely understood. Obtaining bone marrow samples can be challenging due to various reasons, including dilution or inaccessibility. Therefore, our study focused on identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers for AL subgroups in peripheral blood. To validate the distinct circRNA expression patterns distinguishing AML from ALL in peripheral blood, we employed reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The diagnostic accuracy of hsa_circ_0020093 and hsa_circ_0012152 was then assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and hsa_circ_0020093 was selected for further exploration using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Our findings revealed that the expression patterns of hsa_circ_0020093 and hsa_circ_0012152 clearly differentiate ALL from AML in peripheral blood. The potential target genes of hsa_circ_0020093 are associated with critical biological processes such as formation of cell and basal junctions, protein serine kinase activity, and cadherin binding. Furthermore, these genes are involved in signaling pathways including MAPK and mTOR. We hypothesize that hsa_circ_0020093 plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of ALL by regulating downstream target genes via hsa-miR-153-3p or hsa-miR-194-5p. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that hsa_circ_0020093 and hsa_circ_0012152 hold significant promise as diagnostic biomarkers for subclassifying AL into ALL or AML in peripheral blood. This discovery represents a significant step forward in the field and paves the way for future research exploring the role of circRNAs in AL pathogenesis and treatment.
Broadscale spatial synchrony in a West Nile virus mosquito vector across multiple timescales
Authors: Campbell Lindsay , Bauer Amely , Tavares Yasmin , Guralnick Robert , Reuman Daniel
Published: March 2024

Insects often exhibit irruptive population dynamics determined by environmental conditions. Here, we examine if populations of the Culex tarsalis mosquito, an important vector for West Nile virus (WNV), fluctuate synchronously over broad spatial extents and multiple timescales. We also examine whether climate drives synchrony in Cx. tarsalis, especially at annual time scales, due to the synchronous influence of temperature, precipitation, and/or humidity. We leveraged mosquito collections from National Earth Observatory Network (NEON) sites in the USA over a 45-month period, and associated gridMET climate data. We utilized wavelet phasor mean fields and wavelet linear models to quantify spatial synchrony for mosquitoes and climate and to calculate the importance of climate in explaining Cx. tarsalis synchrony. We also tested whether the strength of spatial synchrony may vary directionally across years. We found significant annual synchrony in Cx. tarsalis, and short-term synchrony during a single time period in 2018. Mean minimum temperature was a marginally significant predictor of annual Cx. tarsalis synchrony, and we found a marginally significant decrease in annual Cx. tarsalis synchrony. Significant Cx. tarsalis synchrony during 2018 coincided with an anomalous increase in precipitation. This work provides a valuable step toward understanding broad scale synchrony in a WNV vector.
Gender Differences in Mental Health among Returned Cambodian Migrant Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Samphoas Chien , Chan Chang-Chuan , Liu Kai-Lih , Huyleng Khov
Published: March 2024

The unexpected deportation of many Cambodian migrant workers to their home regions was precipitated by the COVID-19 outbreak's public health concern. A significant number of Cambodians working abroad or in Cambodian cities return to their home provinces, experience stress and despondency and lose faith. However, little is known about these migrant worker’s living and working conditions, health-related quality of life and occupational mental health. This study identifies factors that influence the mental health of Cambodian migrant workers from various countries. Cross-sectional research was to interview 388 returned Cambodian migrant workers in four provinces. This study using mixed quantitative and qualitative research methods in September 2022. The Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ-4) was applied to assess depression and anxiety among returned Cambodian migrant workers. Most of the participants were female, and the prevalence of depression has increased for both genders. The logistic regression model was used to examine the associations of the several risk factors and mental health. The confounding effect of socio-economic status (gender, age, income, level of education, marital status, and place of residence) was shown to be associated with the mental health. The probability of mental disease factors (nervousness/ anxious or on the edge, not being able to stop or control worrying, little interest or pleasure in doing thing, and feeling down, depression or hopeless) increased with gender and level of education whereas the probability of inability to control and lack of interest increased with income, regardless of gender. The study concludes that returned migrant workers in Cambodia had high rates of occupational stress.
Gender Differences in Mental Health among Returned Cambodian Migrant Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Samphoas Chien , Liu Kai-Lih , Huyleng Khov , Chan Chang-Chuan
Published: March 2024

The unexpected deportation of many Cambodian migrant workers to their home regions was precipitated by the COVID-19 outbreak's public health concern. A significant number of Cambodians working abroad or in Cambodian cities return to their home provinces, experience stress and despondency and lose faith. However, little is known about these migrant worker’s living and working conditions, health-related quality of life and occupational mental health. This study identifies factors that influence the mental health of Cambodian migrant workers from various countries. Cross-sectional research was to interview 388 returned Cambodian migrant workers in four provinces. This study using mixed quantitative and qualitative research methods in September 2022. The Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ-4) was applied to assess depression and anxiety among returned Cambodian migrant workers. Most of the participants were female, and the prevalence of depression has increased for both genders. The logistic regression model was used to examine the associations of the several risk factors and mental health. The confounding effect of socio-economic status (gender, age, income, level of education, marital status, and place of residence) was shown to be associated with the mental health. The probability of mental disease factors (nervousness/ anxious or on the edge, not being able to stop or control worrying, little interest or pleasure in doing thing, and feeling down, depression or hopeless) increased with gender and level of education whereas the probability of inability to control and lack of interest increased with income, regardless of gender. The study concludes that returned migrant workers in Cambodia had high rates of occupational stress.
“Anger beyond depression”? The effect of trait anger on depression—A moderated mediating effect
Authors: han zhe
Published: March 2024

Previous studies have shown that there is a positive correlation between anger and depression, which are usually in the form of "comorbid". However, the complex relationship mechanism of the interaction between anger and depression is rarely involved. Inspired by the traditional Chinese medicine theory of "anger beyond depression", this paper explores the formation mechanism of endogenous factors of trait anger and reactive factors of life events on depression and the influence of anger expression on the mechanism of depression. In this study, 89 normal healthy subjects were randomly selected as the reference group, and 115 outpatients with depression were selected as the control group. Through the analysis of the above variables by statistical software SPSS and PROCESS, it is concluded that trait anger has a significant complete mediating effect on depression with life events as mediators for the control group. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) There is a significant and complete mediating effect of trait anger on depression with life events as mediating variables in the control group. (2) In the control group, anger expression has a significant moderating effect on the mediating effect model (the path of life events to depression). These results supports the moderated mediation model with anger expression as the moderating variable, which provides a new approach and thought for the clinical treatment of depression.
Zweiphotonen-induzierte Freisetzung von Small Molecules und Fluorophoren
Authors:   , Weber Rebekka
Published: March 2024

Das Dokument beinhaltet die kumulative Dissertation von Rebekka Weber mit dem Titel "Zweiphotonen-induzierte Freisetzung von Small Molecules und Fluorophoren"
Stupsen statt strafen?
Authors: Gashi Jon
Published: March 2024

Die ökonomische Kriminalitätstheorie postuliert, dass eine Person nur dann ein Verbrechen begeht, wenn der erwartete Nutzen die erwarteten Kosten überwiegt. Daraus ergeben sich zwei Hebel zur Prävention von Kriminalität: die Erhöhung der Wahrscheinlichkeit und der Schwere einer Bestrafung. Diese Sichtweise hatte nachhaltigen Einfluss auf die Politik zur Abschreckung von deviantem Verhalten. Gut ersichtlich ist dies in Bezug auf die Benutzung von öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln ohne gültige Fahrkarte: Kontrollen, progressive Zuschläge und Bussen, welche zu Ersatzfreiheitsstrafen führen können. Diese Mittel sind repressiv, aufwendig und können die öffentlichen Kassen belasten. Überdies stellt sich die Frage der Effektivität solcher auf Rationalitätsannahmen beruhenden Massnahmen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird im vorliegenden Text der Nudging-Ansatz als mildes, kostengünstiges und effektives Instrument zur Prävention von Beförderungserschleichung präsentiert.

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La théorie économique de la criminalité postule qu'un individu ne commettra un crime que si les bénéfices attendus dépassent les coûts potentiels. Il en résulte deux moyens d'action pour la prévention de la criminalité: augmenter la probabilité d'une peine ainsi que la gravité de la peine. Cette approche a eu un impact considérable sur les politiques de dissuasion des comportements déviants. Cela est particulièrement visible vis-à-vis de la répression de l'utilisation des transports en commun sans titre de transport valable: contrôles, surtaxes progressives et amendes pouvant conduire à des peines de substitution à l'emprisonnement. Ces moyens sont répressifs, coûteux et peuvent représenter une charge pour les finances publiques. En outre, la question de l'efficacité de ces mesures, qui reposent sur des hypothèses rationnelles, reste posée. Dans ce contexte, cet article présente l'approche du nudging comme un outil peu contraignant, peu coûteux et efficace pour prévenir la fraude dans les transports.
Epistemology Abed Al-Jabiri And Its Relevance In The Context Of Islamic Studies In Indonesia
Authors: Riady Ahmad Sugeng
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This article departs from the fact that Muslims today are experiencing setbacks from various sides. Therefore, philosophers, scientists, and many scholars provide an alternative solution to address such facts, including Abed al-Jabiri. Abed al-Jabiri born, grow, and develop the idea in Morocco. Before plunging into the intellectual world, he was active in the political party with the thought of which tends to be socialist-Marxist. As for the product, the idea can be found in his book entitled Naqdu-l-‘Aqli al-Arabi (Criticism of Reason Arabic) with a thickness of about 1200 pages. Abed al-Jabiri divides the three epistemologies of knowledge of Muslims, namely Bayani that lineup text, offered with a base experience of intuition, and Burhani with a base of reality that is supported with common sense. While the relevance of the third classification is for the study of Islam can be used to map the religious movement in Indonesia. In addition, it can also be used as a departing point to examine the phenomenon of religious diversity through the approach of integrative.

Keywords: Islamic, Epistemology, Islamic Studies.

Abstrak

Artikel ini berangkat dari fakta bahwa umat Islam hari ini mengalami kemunduran dari berbagai sisi. Maka dari itu, para filsuf, ilmuwan, dan ulama banyak memberikan alternatif solusi untuk menjawab fakta tersebut, termasuk Abed al-Jabiri. Abed al-Jabiri lahir, tumbuh, dan mengembangkan gagasannya di Maroko. Sebelum terjun ke dunia intelektual, ia sempat berkiprah di partai politik dengan pemikiran yang cenderung sosialis-marxis. Adapun produk gagasannya dapat ditemukan di bukunya yang berjudul Naqdu-l-‘Aqli al-Arabi (Kritik Nalar Arab) dengan tebal sekitar 1200-an halaman. Abed al-Jabiri membagi tiga epistemologi pengetahuan umat Islam, yakni bayani yang berbabis teks, irfani dengan basis pengalaman intuisi, dan burhani dengan basis realitas yang didukung dengan akal. Sedangkan relevansi dari ketiga klasifikasi tersebut untuk studi Islam dapat digunakan untuk memetakan gerakan keagamaan yang ada di Indonesia. Selain itu juga dapat digunakan sebagai titik berangkat untuk mengkaji fenomena keagamaan yang beragam melalui pendekatan yang integratif.

Kata Kunci : Islam, Epistemologi, Studi Islam.