bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TƯƠNG TÁC THUỐC TRONG ĐƠN THUỐC ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ-NỘI TRÚ VÀ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ NĂM 2021-2022
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Diễm , Phạm Thành Suôl , Nguyễn Thiên Vũ , Lữ Thiện Phúc , Nguyễn Thị Hữu Hiếu
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Việc phối hợp thuốc trong điều trị là không thể tránh khỏi, nhất là trong tình trạng đa bệnh lý, đa triệu chứng. Đó chính là nguyên nhân làm cho tương tác thuốc bất lợi dễ xảy ra. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: 1. Xác định tỷ lệ và mức độ các tương tác thuốc xảy ra trong đơn thuốc ngoại trú và hồ sơ bệnh án nội trú tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ năm 2021-2022; 2. Tìm hiểu một số yếu tố liên quan đến tương tác thuốc trong đơn thuốc ngoại trú và hồ sơ bệnh án nội trú tại Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ năm 2021-2022. Phương pháp và đối tượng nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 613 đơn thuốc điều trị ngoại trú và 248 hồ sơ bệnh án điều trị nội trú lưu trữ tại khoa Dược và khoa Nội Tổng hợp - Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Cần Thơ từ 3/2021 đến ngày 3/2022. Kết quả: Nghiên cứu phát hiện, 128 đơn thuốc có tương tác thuốc (20,9%) trong số 613 đơn thuốc điều trị ngoại trú và 65 hồ sơ bệnh án có tương tác thuốc (26,2%) trong số 248 hồ sơ bệnh án điều trị nội trú được đưa vào khảo sát. Trong đó, tương tác thuốc chống chỉ định chiếm tỷ lệ 7,8% và tương tác thuốc nghiêm trọng chiếm tỷ lệ 24,3% trong đơn thuốc điều trị ngoại trú.  Tương tác thuốc chống chỉ định chiếm tỷ lệ 5,8% và tương tác thuốc nghiêm trọng chiếm tỷ lệ 11% trong hồ sơ bệnh án điều trị nội trú. Có mối liên quan giữa độ tuổi của bệnh nhân, số lượng thuốc sử dụng trong đơn thuốc và khả năng xảy ra tương tác thuốc có ý nghĩa thống kê (p<0,05). Kết luận: Độ tuổi của bệnh nhân càng cao, số lượng thuốc sử dụng càng nhiều thì nguy cơ xảy ra tương tác thuốc càng cao. Cần sàng lọc tương tác thuốc bất lợi thường xuyên để đảm bảo an toàn cho bệnh nhân và tránh các tác dụng không mong muốn.
GIÁ TRỊ TIÊN LƯỢNG CỦA THANG ĐIỂM AIMS65 Ở BỆNH NHÂN XUẤT HUYẾT TIÊU HÓA DO VỠ GIÃN TĨNH MẠCH THỰC QUẢN
Authors: Lưu Trọng Nghĩa , Huỳnh Hiếu Tâm
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Xuất huyết tiêu hóa do vỡ giãn tĩnh mạch thực quản là nguyên nhân gây tử vong hàng đầu ở bệnh nhân xơ gan. Mặc dù đã có nhiều tiến bộ trong chẩn đoán và điều trị nhưng tỷ lệ tái xuất huyết và tử vong do biến chứng này còn khá cao. Vì vậy, việc đánh giá tiên lượng có ý nghĩa hết sức quan trọng trong chẩn đoán và điều trị, cải thiện đáng kể tiên lượng và tử vong cho bệnh nhân. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá giá trị tiên lượng của thang điểm AIMS65 ở bệnh nhân xuất huyết tiêu hóa do vỡ giãn tĩnh mạch thực quản. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có phân tích trên 130 bệnh nhân xuất huyết tiêu hóa do vỡ giãn tĩnh mạch thực quản điều trị tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung ương Cần Thơ từ tháng 5/2020 đến tháng 6/2022. Kết quả: Đa số bệnh nhân là nam giới (75,38%), với tuổi trung bình là 52,02±12,2. Điểm số AIMS65 có giá trị trung bình là 1,99±1,18. Giá trị điểm cắt của thang điểm AIMS65 trong tiên lượng tái xuất huyết là 2,5, diện tích dưới đường cong ROC là 0,864, với độ nhạy 90,0% và độ đặc hiệu 73,64% (p<0,0001) và tiên lượng tử vong là 2,5, AUC=0,864 với độ nhạy 100% và độ đặc hiệu 76,85% (p<0,0001). Kết luận: Thang điểm AIMS65 có giá trị tiên lượng xuất huyết tái phát và tử vong tốt ở bệnh nhân xuất huyết tiêu hóa do vỡ giãn tĩnh mạch thực quản. Bệnh nhân có điểm AIMS65 từ 3 điểm trở lên có nguy cơ cao vì vậy cần được theo dõi chặt chẽ và điều trị tích cực.
SQL Injection Attack: Quick View
Authors: Abdullayev Vugar , Chauhan Dr. Alok Singh
Published: February 2023

SQL injection is a type of security vulnerability that occurs in database-driven web applications where an attacker injects malicious code into the application to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of the existing methods for preventing and detecting SQL injection attacks. The review covers a range of techniques, including input validation, parameterized queries, and intrusion detection systems, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The most common prevention techniques include input validation, parameterized queries, and stored procedures, while the most common detection techniques include intrusion detection systems (IDS), honeypots, and signature-based detection. The choice of method will depend on the specific requirements of the organization and the level of security required. Still, a combination of prevention and detection methods is likely to be the most effective way to secure web applications against SQL injection attacks. The paper concludes that SQL injection attacks continue to be a significant security threat to web applications, and it is essential for organizations to implement effective prevention and detection methods to secure their web applications against SQL injection attacks.
KUALITAS PRODUK BERDAMPAK LANGSUNG TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA DI POLITEKNIK LP3I JAKARTA
Authors: Sudirman  , Mardikawanty Rini , Nur Harris Ependi
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dampak kualitas produk terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa. Penelitian ini diadakan di Politeknik LP3I Jakarta Kampus Kramat  Raya. Populasi penelitian ini adalah Mahasiswa Kampus Kramat Raya. Penelitian menggunakan metode probability sampling yakni dengan melakukan random sampling sederhana kemudian diproses dengan analisa multiple regression terhada 85 responden. Variabel terikat pada penelitian ini adalah kualitas produk dan variabel bebas yaitu kepuasan mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini kualitas produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa, dalam pengujian secara simultan kualitas pelayanan dan kualitas produk berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan mahasiswa
Personalized Medicine : An Overview
Authors:   Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Kolar-563101, Karnataka, India., Kutty Dr AVM
Published: February 2023

The advancements in Science and Technology are paving way to reconsider the manner in which we define disease, drug development, diagnosis and treatment. The analytical capabilities of biological specimens have seen an explosion and have contributed tremendously to the diagnosis of diseases in general and genetic diseases in particular. There is a transformation of description of diseases from simple anatomical location and clinical symptoms which failed to take into consideration the unique biological profile of the patient, which could determine the therapeutic efficacy of the drugs being administered.
Innovative Practices In Transfusion Medicine: New Opportunities
Authors:   Professor, Department of Pathology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, Das Subhashish
Published: February 2023

Various innovations have taken place in the field of transfusion medicine to enhance the blood safety but their implementation varies from developed countries to developing and under developing countries. Only selective in-novations are being followed in developing countries including India because of cost con-straints & lack of policy decisions.[1] The inno-vations which have taken place in last couple of decades are: 1. Blood donor policies, collection of blood, processing & storage 2. Laboratory testing technologies including infectious markers screening & Immuno- hae-matology (Blood group serology) [2] 3. Better Patient Blood Management
Duodenal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Authors:   Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical collage, Tamaka, Kolar., Patil Divya Teja , Sakalecha Anil Kumar , B.H Parameshwar Keerthi , L Yashas Ullas
Published: February 2023

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are nonepithelial tumors arising from the interstitial cells of Cajal. They express KIT protein-CD117 on immunohistochemistry. GIST can arise anywhere in the GIT, including the mesentery, omentum, and ret-roperitoneum. In the duodenum, 2nd or 3rd part of duodenum is the most common site. Imatinib is the drug of choice and sur-gical resection is the main modality of treatment. Keywords: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Recurrent cystadenocarcinoma of parotid: not always an indolent tumor
Authors:   Additional Professor , Department of Pathology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar., K Manjula , R Kalyani , SM Azeem Mohiyuddin
Published: February 2023

Cystadenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor, constitutes 2% of malignant tumors of salivary gland known to have an indolent biological behaviour. A 60 years male presented with the history of swelling below right ear. He had similar complaints in the past for which patient had undergone superficial parotidectomy five months back. Histopathological examination of the excised specimen showed features of Cystadenocarcinoma. Here we are presenting a case of cystadenocarcinoma which has recurred in a short time even after complete surgical excision with clear margins Key words: Cystadenocarcinoma, salivary glands, papillary growth, recurrent
Interpersonal Trust and Self-Confidence as Central Effects of Equine-Assisted Interventions for Children
Authors: Barzen Annika
Published: February 2023

In this study, 20 qualitative children’s interviews were conducted and evaluated using the grounded theory method to investigate the following research question: What is relevant from the perspective of the surveyed children about equine-assisted interventions? To reconstruct the children’s perspective, drawings painted by the children during each interview had been collected as another means of expression. The consideration of the children’s perspective has received little attention in research so far and this methodological access gave an insight into children’s experiences and thus, into the effects of the interventions. The interviews were analyzed with the qualitative grounded theory methodology and the segment analysis of the drawings offered additional material. The interviewed children took part in the equine-assisted intervention for emotional stabilization, because they had been exposed to increased psychosocial stress, like growing up in residential groups for children and youth welfare and not with their parents. The interviews revealed that, from the children’s point of view, it is of particular importance to the experience that they can trust others and trust themselves as well. Trust in others is supported by the pedagogical riding instructor, who ensured the safety of the animal. The positive experiences with the animal and the resulting trust had a positive effect on the children. If the intervention took place in a group, the children experienced mutual support. The children’s self-confidence was mainly strengthened by learning new things in the equine-assisted setting. At the beginning of the intervention, it was often necessary to overcome fears and in further intervention, there were always new challenges to be conquered with the support of the riding instructor, so that various experiences of success arose and the children felt able to act.
Analisis Pendapatan dan Nilai Tambah Selada Organik Kemasan di Desa Baturiti, Kecamatan Baturiti, Kabupaten Tabanan
Authors: Utami Ni Made Astuti Wahyu , Wiguna I Made Ananda
Published: February 2023

The agricultural sector is one of the main sectors in Indonesia's development. Indonesia is a very important producer of horticultural crops, especially vegetables. Vegetables are a nutritional source of vegetable protein, vitamins, and minerals needed by the human body. The increase in people's need for vegetables continues to increase, so there is an opportunity for lettuce plants. Baturiti Village is one of the villages whose territory is located in the Baturiti District where most of the population works as vegetable farmers. Farmers generally have made economic calculations, but not done in writing and there are still many farmers who have not calculated what level of farming income they cultivate. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the income analysis and added value of lettuce. Based on the calculation results, the income received by the farmers is IDR 22,500,000. The R/C Ratio obtained a result of 5.76. This means that every expenditure of Rp. 1 can provide revenue of Rp. 5.76 with the result R/C is 6.76> 1. This shows that organic Lettuce mustard farming in Baturiti District is profitable and feasible to develop. The break-even point (Break Even Point) obtained from the calculation of BEP units and BEP rupiah for organic lettuce commodities is less than the number of products sold by local farmers and the price is lower than the price set by farmers, therefore farmers have succeeded in selling organic lettuce. by obtaining receipts above the return on capital. The added value obtained from handling packaged organic lettuce is IDR 27,356,667 with a ratio of 58.76 percent. Analysis of added value in postharvest activities of lettuce shows that the greater the added value given to a product, the greater the profit obtained.
Sistem Informasi Rekam Medis Klinik Hewan (Studi Kasus: Klinik Hewan Drh. I Dewa Made Anom)
Authors: Pinatih Putu Hendy Mahaputra , Nandasari Ida Ayu Kade Nila Intan , Sudiatmika I Putu Gd Abdi , Pramartha I Nyoman Bagus
Published: February 2023

The Veterinary Clinic Medical Record Information System (Case Study: Veterinary Clinic Drh. I Dewa Made Anom) is a responsive website-based information system with PHP programming language, MariaDB database and Bootstrap framework that aims to provide information and access to medical records at the Veterinary Clinic of Drh. I Dewa Made Anom. In this system there are two users, namely admin as website manager and patient data and animal owners as website users. This system goes through several stages and uses the waterfall method designed with ERD, DFD, context diagrams and conceptual databases. The test method used is the blackbox method with the result that this system runs according to the design and user needs. Testing the target users of the system was carried out by distributing a questionnaire to thirty-two respondents with the result that the system was categorized as "Very Good" with a score of 96%.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Pembelajaran Multimedia dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMA PAB 4 Sampali
Authors: Fauzi Nuanda , Muhammad Fauzan Azhmy  , Fajar Pasaribu  , Anggia Arif
Published: February 2023

Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) PAB 4 Sampali merupakan sekolah menengah atas yang berada di Kabupaten Deli Serdang Sampali terus berupaya menciptakan lulusan pelajar yang terbaik di Deli Serdang. Bersaing dengan sekolah lain dalam menciptakan lulusan terampil dan berprestasi. Hasil  observasi  di SMA PAB 4 Sampali pada kelas XI jurusan IPA dan IPS diperoleh  bahwa hasil  belajar  siswa  belum maksimal. Hal ini terlihat dari rata-rata nilai rapor  Tengah Semester tahun  pelajaran 2022/2023 yang masih jauh  di  bawah rata- rata  yang  ditetapkan  Sekolah. Berdasarkan hasil  observasi tidak  tercapainya  nilai  rata-rata  siswa  pada  standar  yang  ditetapkan diperkirakan pada  saat  proses  pembelajaran siswa  masih  kurang  memiliki  rasa  percaya diri.  Hal  ini terlihat dari  tidak  ada  respon siswa untuk bertanya saat diperintahkan oleh guru.  Saat  pembelajaran, kerja  sama  antar siswa relative  pasif  yang  berarti belum terbangun  dengan  baik. Kedisiplinan  siswa juga  masih  kurang  terlihat  dari  kebiasaan siswa  datang  terlambat  ke sekolah  dan  ke dalam  kelas.  Sehingga  dapat  disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa kurang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) Pengaruh penggunaan pembelajaran multimedia terhadap hasil belajar, (2) Pengaruh kecerdasan emosional siswa terhadap hasil belajar siswa. (3) Pengaruh penggunaan pembelajaran multimedia dan kecerdasan emosional siswa terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA PAB 4 Sampali. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak tiga kelas yaitu 1 kelas jurusan IPA (n=30) dan 2 kelas jurusan IPS (n= 54). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Variabel pembelajaran multimedia dan kecerdasan emosional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Variabel pembelajaran multimedia merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa
La Fazenda Guarani: arqueología e historia indígena de un campo de concentración en Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Fermín Maguire Pedro , Bernardes Rosa Marcos
Published: February 2023

Durante la Dictadura Civil-Militar brasileña (1964-1985) la Policía Militar de Minas Gerais organizó la Guarda Rural Indígena - GRIN (1969-1974) y las ‘cárceles indígenas’ (1968-1979) que concentraron torturas, desapariciones, trabajos forzados y prisiones arbitrarias en dos localizaciones: el ‘Reformatório’ instalado en los territorios Krenak y la ‘Fazenda Guarani’. En este trabajo exploramos la historia de la segunda y menos conocida ‘cárcel’, instalada en una antigua explotación esclavista, y que fue reconocida Tierra Indígena del pueblo Pataxó. A partir de las casas, territorialidades y ambientes construidos por este pueblo exploramos la rearticulación de la cultura Pataxó, el lugar de las antiguas prisiones, su historia y su inquietante aura.
Ruinas y arruinamientos contemporáneos en La Tablada Nacional (Uruguay)
Authors: Marín Suárez Carlos , De Austria Millán Alberto , García Correa Martina , Arguiñarena Biurrun Jesús , Arguiñarena Pereira Antia , Correa Moreira Gonzalo
Published: February 2023

La Tablada Nacional es un antiguo mercado de ganado abandonado que se sitúa en las afueras de la ciudad de Montevideo. Recientemente ha sido declarado Sitio de Memoria por los crímenes de lesa humanidad que allí se cometieron durante la dictadura cívico-militar, cuando fue reutilizado como centro clandestino de detención, tortura y asesinato. Se realiza un repaso por la historia de estas ruinas que entroncan con el periodo colonial, desvelando distintos ciclos de arruinamiento y violencias inscritos en aquel territorio del Montevideo rural, en momentos tanto previos como posteriores a su reutilización bajo la dictadura. Se propone un análisis de su materialidad desde la perspectiva teórica de las ruinas y los procesos de arruinamiento, como forma de penetrar en estas materialidades y entender sus vínculos con las variadas formas de violencia y con los distintos tipos de memorias -conmemoración deliberada y memoria material- con las que se vinculan. Por último, se centra la escala de análisis en tres materializaciones concretas de esas ruinas: la mancha de cemento del suelo de la sala usada como espacio concentracionario, el antiguo baño de ganado y las vías de la antigua estación donde crece un barrio de chabolas o asentamiento irregular.
De Pétain a De Gaulle. La memoria de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en los cómics de Astérix
Authors: Farré Sébastien
Published: February 2023

Aparecido en 1959, como parte del lanzamiento de la revista semanal Pilote, e ideado por el dúo Albert Uderzo, dibujante, y René Goscinny, guionista, la historieta cómica Astérix se consolidó rápidamente como una referencia en la cultura popular francesa. Por el movimiento de distanciamiento cronológico que ofrecen las aventuras de Astérix, logra escenificar ciertos debates claves que atraviesan la sociedad francesa de los años 1960 y 70. Este estudio de- fiende que los autores de Asterix ofrecen una lectura crítica del pasado de la ocupación y de la colaboración. A través de la risa, la serie Astérix participa de manera significativa en un punto de inflexión conmemorativo marcado por la inhibición del discurso heroico de la resistencia y un doloroso retorno a los oscuros episodios de este período.
Where Analytics Gets It Wrong
Authors: Watanabe Nicholas , Rewliak John
Published: February 2023

The authors will discuss the emergence of analytics, and outline with examples, certain problems that plague both academics and practitioners in their approach to using sport analytics.
We Are All Monsters
Authors: Mangham Andrew
Published: February 2023

How the monsters of nineteenth-century literature and science came to define us.

“Was I then a monster, a blot upon the earth, from which all men fled and whom all men disowned?” In We Are All Monsters, Andrew Mangham offers a fresh interpretation of this question uttered by Frankenstein's creature in Mary Shelley's 1818 novel in an expansive exploration of how nineteenth-century literature and science recast the monster as vital to the workings of nature and key to unlocking the knowledge of all life forms and processes. Even as gothic literature and freak shows exploited an abiding association between abnormal bodies and horror, amazement, or failure, the development of monsters in the ideas and writings of this period showed the world to be dynamic, varied, plentiful, transformative, and creative.

In works ranging from Comte de Buffon's interrogations of humanity within natural history to Hugo de Vries's mutation theory, and from Shelley's artificial man to fin de siècle notions of body difference, Mangham expertly traces a persistent attempt to understand modern subjectivity through a range of biological and imaginary monsters. In a world that hides monstrosity behind theoretical and cultural representations that reinscribe its otherness, this enlightened book shows how innovative nineteenth-century thinkers dismantled the fictive idea of normality and provided a means of thinking about life in ways that check the reflexive tendency to categorize and divide.
#You Know You're Black in France When…
Authors: Keaton Trica
Published: February 2023

A groundbreaking study about everyday antiblackness and its refusal in an officially raceblind France.

What does it mean to be racialized-as-black in France on a daily basis? #You Know You're Black in France When… responds to that question. Under the banner of universalism, France messages a powerful and seductive ideology of blindness to race that disappears blackened people and the antiblackness they experience. As Trica Keaton notes, in everyday life, France is anything but raceblind.

In this interdisciplinary study, drawn from a range of critical scholarship including that of Philomena Essed and Frantz Fanon, Keaton illuminates how b/Black (racialized/politicized) French people distinctly expose and refuse what she calls “raceblind republicanism.” By officially turning a blind eye to the specificity of antiblackness, the French state in fact perpetuates it, she argues, along with structural racism. Through daily life, public policies, visual culture, the private lives of individuals and families shattered by police violence, the French courts where many are fighting back, and her own experiences, Keaton charts the troubling dynamics and continuities of antiblackness in French society.
Comparison and Optimization of Energy Efficient Algorithm for Component Base Distributed Computing in 5G Networks
Authors: Kumar Verma Kamlesh , Kumar Saini Rajesh
Published: February 2023

In the present scenario, the wired network or wireless networks is an application across the world. So the wire networks used in various software industries, educational institutions, and various enterprises used such as distributed data centers. The data transmission works like a flow of electricity in a linear way. So in this process during the data transmission exhibits from one stage to another the energy consumption in carbon footprint (i.e. CO2). The data transmission is two types of methods (1) Communication-Based (2) Component-Based. Here this paper concludes the compared study of component-based energy consumption using the Bellman-Ford Algorithm and Dijkstra's Algorithm. The results and finding measurement as discussed in this paper.
Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Mangione Carol M. , Barry Michael J. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Cabana Michael , Chelmow David , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davis Esa M. , Donahue Katrina E. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Kubik Martha , Li Li , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Pbert Lori , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James , Wong John B.
Published: February 2023

Importance

Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by 2 related viruses, herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2). Infection is lifelong; currently, there is no cure for HSV infection. Antiviral medications may provide clinical benefits to symptomatic persons. Transmission of HSV from a pregnant person to their infant can occur, most commonly during delivery; when genital lesions or prodromal symptoms are present, cesarean delivery can reduce the risk of transmission. Neonatal herpes infection is uncommon yet can result in substantial morbidity and mortality.

Objective

To reaffirm its 2016 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on targeted key questions to systematically evaluate the evidence on accuracy, benefits, and harms of routine serologic screening for HSV-2 infection in asymptomatic adolescents, adults, and pregnant persons.

Population

Adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons, without known history, signs, or symptoms of genital HSV infection.

Evidence Assessment

The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that the harms outweigh the benefits for population-based screening for genital HSV infection in asymptomatic adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons.

Recommendation

The USPSTF recommends against routine serologic screening for genital HSV infection in asymptomatic adolescents and adults, including pregnant persons. (D recommendation)
Association of Sociodemographic Characteristics With 1-Year Hospital Readmission Among Adults Aged 18 to 55 Years With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Okafor Chinenye M. , Zhu Cenjing , Raparelli Valeria , Murphy Terrence E. , Arakaki Andrew , D’Onofrio Gail , Tsang Sui W. , Smith Marcella Nunez , Lichtman Judith H. , Spertus John A. , Pilote Louise , Dreyer Rachel P.
Published: February 2023

Importance

Among younger adults, the association between Black race and postdischarge readmission after hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is insufficiently described.

Objectives

To examine whether racial differences exist in all-cause 1-year hospital readmission among younger adults hospitalized for AMI and whether that difference retains significance after adjustment for cardiac factors and social determinants of health (SDOHs).

Design, Setting, and Participants

The VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study was an observational cohort study of younger adults (aged 18-55 years) hospitalized for AMI with a 2:1 female-to-male ratio across 103 US hospitals from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2012. Data analysis was performed from August 1 to December 31, 2021.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was all-cause readmission, defined as any hospital or observation stay greater than 24 hours within 1 year of discharge, identified through medical record abstraction and clinician adjudication. Logistic regression with sequential adjustment evaluated racial differences and potential moderation by sex and SDOHs. The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition quantified how much of any racial difference was explained and not explained by covariates.

Results

This study included 2822 participants (median [IQR] age, 48 [44-52] years; 1910 [67.7%] female; 2289 [81.1%] White and 533 [18.9%] Black; 868 [30.8%] readmitted). Black individuals had a higher rate of readmission than White individuals (210 [39.4%] vs 658 [28.8%], P < .001), particularly Black women (179 of 425 [42.1%]). After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, cardiac factors, and SDOHs, the odds of readmission were 34% higher among Black individuals (odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06-1.68). The association between Black race and 1-year readmission was positively moderated by unemployment (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.09- 2.59; P for interaction = .02) and fewer number of working hours per week (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02; P for interaction = .01) but not by sex. Decomposition indicates that 79% of the racial difference in risk of readmission went unexplained by the included covariates.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this multicenter study of younger adults hospitalized for AMI, Black individuals were more often readmitted in the year following discharge than White individuals. Although interventions to address SDOHs and employment may help decrease racial differences in 1-year readmission, more study is needed on the 79% of the racial difference not explained by the included covariates.
Deep Eutectic Solvents‐Based Ionogels with Ultrafast Gelation and High Adhesion in Harsh Environments
Authors: Ge Gang , Mandal Kalpana , Haghniaz Reihaneh , Li Mengchen , Xiao Xiao , Carlson Larry , Jucaud Vadim , Dokmeci Mehmet Remzi , Ho Ghim Wei , Khademhosseini Ali
Published: February 2023

Adhesive materials have recently drawn intensive attention due to their excellent sealing ability, stimulating advances in materials science and industrial usage. However, reported adhesives usually exhibit weak adhesion strength, require high pressure for strong bonding, and display severe adhesion deterioration in various harsh environments. In this study, instead of water or organic solvents, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) is used as the medium for the photopolymerization of zwitterionic and polarized monomers, thus generating a novel ionogel with tunable mechanical properties. Multiple hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between DES and monomers facilitated ultrafast gelation and instant bonding without any external pressure, which has rarely been reported previously. Furthermore, high adhesion in different harsh environments (e.g., water, acidic and basic buffers, and saline solutions) and onto hydrophilic (e.g., glass and tissues) and hydrophobic (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, and polypropylene) adherends is demonstrated. Also, the high stretchability of the ionogel at extreme temperatures (−80 and 80 °C) indicates its widespread applications. Furthermore, the biocompatible ionogel shows high burst pressure onto stomach and intestine tissues to prevent liquid leakage, highlighting its potential as an adhesive patch. This ionogel provides unprecedented opportunities in the packaging industry, marine engineering, medical adhesives, and electronic assembly.
A Bioinspired Polymer‐Based Composite Displaying Both Strong Adhesion and Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Zhang Heng , He Qingxia , Yu Huitao , Qin Mengmeng , Feng Yiyu , Feng Wei
Published: February 2023

The integration and functionality of high‐power electronic architectures or devices require a high strength and good heat flow at the interface. However, simultaneously improving the interfacial bonding and phonon transport of polymers is challenging because of the tradeoff between the cross‐linked flexible chains and high‐quality crystalline structure. Here, a copolymer, poly(dopamine methacrylate‐co‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate [P(DMA‐HEMA)] is designed and synthesized, inspired by the snail and mussel adhesion. The copolymer achievs a high surface adhesion up to 6.38 MPa owing to the synergistic effects of hydrogen bonds and mechanical interlocking. When the copolymer is introduced into vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs), the catechol groups in P(DMA‐HEMA) formed strong bonding with the nanotubes through π‐π interactions at the interface. As a result, the P(DMA‐HEMA)/VACNTs composite shows a high through‐plane thermal conductivity (21.46 W m−1 K−1), an in‐plane thermal conductivity that is 3.5 times higher than that of pristine VACNTs, and an extremely low thermal contact resistance (20.27 K mm2 W−1). Furthermore, the composite forms weld‐free high‐strength connections between two pieces of various metals to bridge directional thermal pathways. It also exhibits excellent interfacial heat transfer capability and high reliability even under zero‐pressure conditions.
Engineered Ferritin Nanoparticle Vaccines Enable Rapid Screening of Antibody Functionalization to Boost Immune Responses
Authors: Vu Mai N. , Pilkington Emily H. , Lee Wen Shi , Tan Hyon‐Xhi , Davis Thomas P. , Truong Nghia P. , Kent Stephen J. , Wheatley Adam K.
Published: February 2023

Employing monoclonal antibodies to target vaccine antigens to different immune cells within lymph nodes where adaptive immunity is initiated can provide a mechanism to fine‐tune the magnitude or the quality of immune responses. However, studying the effects of different targeting antibodies head‐to‐head is challenging due to the lack of a feasible method that allows rapid screening of multiple antibodies for their impact on immunogenicity. Here self‐assembling ferritin nanoparticles are prepared that co‐display vaccine antigens and the Fc‐binding domain of Staphylococcal protein A, allowing rapid attachment of soluble antibodies to the nanoparticle surface. Using this tunable system, ten antibodies targeting different immune cell subsets are screened, with targeting to Clec9a associated with higher serum antibody titers after immunization. Immune cell targeting using ferritin nanoparticles with anti‐Clec9a antibodies drives concentrated deposition of antigens within germinal centers, boosting germinal center formation and robust antibody responses. However, the capacity to augment humoral immunity is antigen‐dependent, with significant boosting observed for prototypic ovalbumin immunogens but reduced effectiveness with the SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD. This work provides a rapid platform for screening targeting antibodies, which will accelerate mechanistic insights into optimal delivery strategies for nanoparticle‐based vaccines to maximize protective immunity.
Tumor‐Specific Photothermal‐Therapy‐Assisted Immunomodulation via Multiresponsive Adjuvant Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhu Man , Chang Xiaowei , Tang Xiaoyu , Yuan Pingyun , Tian Ran , Zhu Zeren , Zhang Yanmin , Chen Xin
Published: February 2023

Multiresponsive adjuvant nanoparticles (RMmAGL) are fabricated to perform tumor‐specific photothermal therapy while regulating the behavior of tumor‐associated immune cells for primary tumor eradication and metastasis inhibition. Core–satellite‐like RMmAGL have a core of mannose‐functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with the TLR7 agonist imiquimod (R837@MSN‐mannose) connected via hydrazone bonds to satellites of glutamine (Glu)‐ and lysine (Lys)‐comodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs‐Glu/Lys). During therapy, the acidic environment in tumor tissue cleaves the hydrazone bonds to release AuNPs‐Glu/Lys, which further accumulate in tumor cells. After internalization, photothermal agents (aggregated AuNPs‐Glu/Lys) are generated in situ through the intratumoral enzyme‐catalyzed reaction between Glu and Lys, resulting in tumor‐specific photothermal therapy. The detachment of AuNPs‐Glu/Lys also triggers the release of R837, which matured dendritic cells (DCs) via a vaccine‐like mechanism along with the tumor‐associated antigens generated by photothermal therapy. These matured DCs further activates surrounding T cells for immunotherapy. Moreover, the resulting free MSN‐mannose serves as an artificial glycocalyx to continuously induce the polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages from an immunosuppressive phenotype to an inflammatory phenotype, thus further enhancing immunotherapy. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate significant inhibition of malignant tumors after therapy.
2‐Hydroxypropyl Group Linked Derivatives of Indole Azoles as Potential Multifunctional Antibacterial Candidates for Effectively Inhibiting the Activity of MRSA and Responding Inflammatory Factors
Authors: Hu Yuanyuan , Zhou Hao , Huang Jinxu , Pan Guangxing , Wang Hao , Wang Tiansheng , Yu Congwei , Zhang Ling , Gou Deming , Zhang Jiaheng
Published: February 2023

The increasing resistance of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics has led to escalating efforts to design and synthesize new structural agents with significant antimicrobial potential. A novel class of 2‐hydroxypropyl group linked derivatives of indole azoles was developed as potential antibacterial agents. Bioactivity screening results demonstrated that metronidazole‐modified indole derivative 4 a had excellent antibacterial capacity against MRSA (MIC=6 μM), which was about 4 times that of norfloxacin (MIC=25 μM). Highly active hybrid 4 a did not cause obvious drug‐resistance in MRSA after multiple generations (15 passage operations). Compound 4 a showed low toxicity to normal mammalian cells (RAW 264.7). Molecular docking and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface studies were used to map hydrogen bond interactions and the electron distribution in the highly active compounds. In addition, the preliminary exploration of the antibacterial mechanism revealed that the active molecule 4 a could infiltrate the membrane of MRSA and insert into MRSA DNA to prevent its replication, thus activating strong inhibition of the bacteria. Furthermore, highly active derivative 4 a could better respond to inflammatory factors (IL‐6, IL‐10, TNF‐α and PGE‐2), and it is less likely to cause inflammatory complications, hence diversifying the functions of antibacterial candidate molecules. These findings effectively indicate the potential of the bioactive hybrid 4 a as a multifunctional anti‐MRSA agent. Further exploration of the development of antimicrobials combining these kinds of 2‐hydroxypropyl group linked indole derivatives is of great value.
Synthesis and Optoelectronic Features of Rhodamine‐Triazole Dyads as Metallochromic Probes for Copper‐Selective Chemosensing
Authors: Vadivelu Murugan , Raheem Abbasriyaludeen Abdul , Shankar Bhaskaran , Karthikeyan Kesavan , Praveen Chandrasekar
Published: February 2023

Rhodamine‐based chromic materials have attracted significant interest owing to their cation recognition ability with high sensitivity. However, rhodamine chromophores with controllable sensing selectivity towards transition metal species are only at the advent. Herein, three triazole‐conjugated rhodamine dyads with different peripheral substituents were synthesized. The key triazole precursors required for the desired chemistry were prepared by adopting our recently developed CTAB catalyzed mechano‐click chemistry. Molecular properties derived from photophysics, electrochemistry and surface morphology of the synthesized dyads were analyzed. Furthermore, frontier molecular orbitals, electronic structure and secondary quantum chemical parameters of dyads were also compared. Screening of dyads for their sensing ability towards an array of alkali, alkaline and transition metal ions exhibited a noticeable naked‐eye detection of Cu2+ ions and was confirmed by spectrophotometric titration. The specific binding mode of dyads as probable with Cu2+ over other metal ions attributes to the chemoselectivity.
Stability analysis for linear time‐varying systems using bicoprime factorization
Authors: Jin Xianglu , Shi Yanyue , Xu Xiaoping
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a bicoprime factorization (BCF) approach to deal with various stability problems for linear discrete time‐varying (LTV) systems within the framework of nest algebra. Based on the bicoprime factorization, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for (strongly) simultaneous stabilization of three systems, which generalize similar results for systems by coprime factorization (CF). Finally, when the bicoprime factorization for the plant and controller has additive perturbations, we derive sufficient conditions using the norm inequality for robust stability of the system.
Investigation of the formation of NDMAUFC across biofilters
Authors: Kent Ashley N. , Russell Caroline G. , Carter Jason T. , Mitch William A. , Hozalski Raymond M. , Huck Peter M.
Published: February 2023

Full‐scale sampling at 16 facilities illustrated that NDMA precursor concentrations, measured by adding chloramine under Uniform Formation Conditions (NDMAUFC), increased across biofiltration at 7 of 16 facilities (by 3–48 ng/L or 12%–296%) but stayed the same or decreased (by up to 5 ng/L or 24%) at the other nine facilities. Increases in NDMAUFC concentrations were attributed to both particulate and soluble precursors. Only two facilities had an increase in NDMAUFC greater than 10 ng/L. However, NDMAUFC concentrations in the biofilter effluent from five facilities exceeded 10 ng/L during one or more sampling events. For these facilities, testing at multiple scales showed that mitigation steps could include pretreatment with ozone (which resulted in overall lower NDMAUFC), increased free chlorine contact time prior to ammonia addition, and/or optimized biofilter design and operation.
The ethanol market in Brazil: price behavior and regional differences
Authors: Hoeckel Paulo Henrique , Alvim Augusto
Published: February 2023

The conditions facing the Brazilian ethanol market have created a need to improve the industry's understanding of price formation, and to analyze the effects of mandatory policies and the interaction between Brazil's ethanol, agricultural, and fuel markets. In this context, this study sought to analyze the behavior of ethanol production and consumption at the national and regional levels in Brazil from 2012 to 2016; hence, the supply and demand functions are estimated at national and at regional levels using the two‐stage least squares method. Our findings indicated that gasoline and anhydrous ethanol blended gasoline were substitutes for hydrous ethanol on the demand side in Brazil. At the national level, the estimates also showed that the income elasticity of hydrous ethanol characterizes it as a normal good. At the regional level, the regions with the highest production and consumption (southeastern and central‐western Brazil) responded to price variations less elastically than the other regions (southern, northeastern, and northern Brazil).
Altered rich‐club organization of brain functional network in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Peng Liling , Chen Zhuang , Gao Xin
Published: February 2023

Despite numerous research showing the association between brain network abnormalities and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), contrasting findings have been reported from broad functional underconnectivity to broad overconnectivity. Thus, the significance of rich‐hub organizations in the brain functional connectome of individuals with ASD remains largely unknown. High‐quality data subset of ASD (n = 45) and healthy controls (HC; n = 47) children (7–15 years old) were retrieved from the ABIDE data set, and rich‐club organization and network‐based statistic (NBS) were assessed from resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI). The rich‐club organization functional network (normalized rich‐club coefficients >1) was observed in all subjects under a range of thresholds. Compared with HC, ASD patients had higher degree of feeder connections and lower degree of local connections (degree of feeder connections: ASD = 259.20 ± 32.97, HC = 244.98 ± 30.09, p = 0.041; degree of local connections: ASD = 664.02 ± 39.19, HC = 679.89 ± 34.05, p = 0.033) but had similar in rich‐club connections. Further, nonparametric NBS analysis showed the presence of abnormal connectivity in the functional network of ASD individuals. Our findings indicated that local connection might be more vulnerable, and feeder connection may compensate for its disruption in ASD, enhancing our understanding on the mechanism of functional connectome dysfunction in ASD.
Event‐related potential patterns of selective attention modulated by perceptual load
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Qin Yun , Peng Maoqin , Zhao Wei , Shi Xuqian , Lai Danwei , Yin Erwei , Yan Ye , Yao Dezhong , Liu Tiejun
Published: February 2023

Introduction

A high perceptual load can effectively prevent attention from being drawn to irrelevant stimuli; however, the neural pattern underlying this process remains unclear.

Methods

This study adopted a perceptual load paradigm to examine the temporal processes of attentional modulation by incorporating conditions of perceptual load, distractor‐target compatibility, and eccentricity.

Results

The behavioral results showed that a high perceptual load significantly reduced attentional distraction caused by peripheral distractors. The event‐related potential results further revealed that shorter P2 latencies were observed for peripheral distractors than for central distractors under a high perceptual load and that a suppressed compatibility effect with increasing load was reflected by the P3 component.

Conclusion

These findings suggested that (1) P2 and P3 components effectively captured different sides of attentional processing modulated by load (i.e., the filter processing of the object and the overall attentional resource allocation) and (2) response patterns of selective attention modulated by perceptual load were influenced by eccentricity. Our electrophysiological evidence confirmed the behavioral findings, indicating the neural mechanisms of attentional modulation.
Gain insight into the intersection of F‐1 visas with NIL for international student‐athletes
Authors: Romano Robert J. , Kamyuka Denise
Published: February 2023

Under federal immigration law, international student‐athletes can enter the United States on an F‐1 visa if they're enrolled full‐time at an accredited college or university. These same laws do, however, limit the ability of these student‐athletes to work and earn an income while enrolled.
Inula viscosa (L.) Aiton Ethanolic Extract Inhibits the Growth of Human AGS and A549 Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Rechek Habiba , Haouat Ammar , Hamaidia Kaouther , Pinto Diana C. G. A. , Boudiar Tarek , Válega Mónica S. G. A. , Pereira David M. , Pereira Renato B. , Silva Artur M. S.
Published: February 2023

The present study shows the chemical profile and cytotoxic properties of the ethanolic extracts of Inula viscosa from Northeast Algeria. The extract was obtained by maceration using ethanol. Its phenolic profile was determined using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC‐DAD‐ESI/MS), which allowed the identification and quantification of 17 compounds, 1,5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid being the most abundant. The cytotoxic activity was assessed against human gastric cancer (AGS) and human non‐small‐cell lung cancer (A549) cell lines, whereas ethanolic extract elicited nearly 60 % and 40 % viability loss toward AGS and A549 cancer cells, respectively. Results also showed that cell death is caspase‐independent and confirmed the involvement of RIPK1 and the necroptosis pathway in the toxicity induced by the I. viscosa extract. In addition, the ethanolic extract would not provoke morphological traits in the cancer cells. These findings suggest that I. viscosa can be a source of new antiproliferative drugs or used in preparation plant‐derived pharmaceuticals.