bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the application of MSC ecolabelling in tuna product processing industry in Sibolga City
Authors: Winrison Fuah Ricky , Rahayu Rosi , Afranisa Zahra , Mardhatillah Inda , Muna Zakyatul , Andhini Nadia , Latiful Khobir Muhammad , Windarti
Published: January 2025

The need for fishery products that are healthy, safe, legal, and sustainable to increase. This makes the export destination country require a certificate issued by an institution. One of the standards used by such countries is the MSC ecolabel. MSC ecolabel is an endorsement of a product that meets the criteria of environmental sustainability procedures. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an assessment related to the application of MSC ecolabels in the Sibolga tuna processing industry. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of gap analysis and the suitability of the application of the MSC ecolabel and examine various inhibiting factors. This research was conducted using survey methods and FGD with industry and the government. The analysis used was qualitative descriptive analysis, gap analysis, and conformity level analysis. The research results show that the level of conformity in MSC CoC (
Chain of Custody) for its principles is highly non-compliant with the standard (0%), while for its criteria, it is almost compliant with the standard (71.32%). Meanwhile, the conformity level in MSC fisheries indicates a very low level of compliance with the standard (39%). Policy recommendations provided include the formulation of a harvest strategy for tuna in WPP 572, strengthening and implementing measurable fisheries, and formulating a Fisheries Improvement Project (FIP) policy.
The effect of adding red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in feed to increase color brightness in guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata)
Authors: Maulida Siti , Rahmah Harahap Nur , Syafrida Handayani Luvi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of adding red dragon fruit peel extract in feed on the level of color brightness, growth, and survival of guppy fish. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) method consisting of four treatments and four replications. The administration of dragon fruit peel extract was carried out by spraying it on the feed according to the treatment dose, including treatment A (0% or control), B (10% dose), C (15% dose), and D (20% dose). The results showed that the addition of dragon fruit peel extract with different doses had a significant effect on the brightness of the color of guppy fish (P <0.05). The highest color brightness value was obtained by adding red dragon fruit extract at a dose of 20% (treatment D) with a TCF value of 6.65. However, the administration of dragon fruit peel extract did not have a significant effect on the growth rate and survival rate of guppy fish (P>0.05). It can be concluded that red dragon fruit peel extract at a dose of 20% can be used as a natural pigmentation material in fish feed to increase the brightness of the color of guppy fish.
The effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in feed as an immunostimulant for Aeromonas hydrophilla bacterial infections
Authors: Imelda Arisa Iko , Faradila Maisa , Mellisa Siska
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the impact of adding Moringa oleifera leaf extract to feed as an immunostimulant for tilapia infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. The experiment followed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and three replications. The findings revealed that incorporating Moringa leaf extract significantly influenced survival rates (P<0.05). The highest survival rate (83.33%) was observed with a dose of 150 mg kg-1. In conclusion, doses of 100-150 mg kg-1 of Moringa leaf extract produced the best results, including reduced clinical symptoms, survival rates (70-83.33%), leukocyte count (173-223 x 103 cells mm-3), hematocrit (27-28%), and hemoglobin levels (6.6-7 g dL-1), indicating its potential as an effective immunostimulant for tilapia.
Effect of turkey berry (Solanum torvum) stalk extract on masculinization of guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata)
Authors: Nurhayati  , Vicana Pandang Ivonda , Razi Fakhrul , Syahputra Faisal , Thaib Azwar , Handayani Lia
Published: January 2025

Turkey berry stalk contain steroid hormones. It has potential as one of the natural hormones for sex direction in fish. Sex direction aims to produce monosexed fish. Sex direction in fish is one of the genetic engineering. Guppy fish is one of the aquatic fishery commodities. The attraction of guppy fish lies in the beauty of its color, attractive and varied colors are obtained in male guppy fish. The aims of this study to determine the effect of masculinization of guppies using turkey berry stalk extract and the optimal dose on the percentage of male and female guppies. The experimental group used a Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was is the length of time the broodstock was immersed (24 hours, 48 hours). The second factor is the dose of turkey berry stalk extract (50 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm). The parameters observed included male of guppy larvae, female of guppy larvae and survival rate. The results showed that the optimal dose of turkey berry stalk extract to produce a percentage of male guppy fish in the immersion treatment with a time of 24 hours, a dose of 200 ppm of 66.47 ± 9.13%.
Effect of fermented restaurant waste meal addition on growth performance of pangasius catfish (Pangasius pangasius) for promoting sustainable aquaculture
Authors: Andriani Yuli , Iskandar  , Pratama Rusky I. , Dwi Cahya Muhamad , Prima Mochamad Galuh N.
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates the use of fermented restaurant waste flour (FRWF) in artificial feed for improving the growth performance of catfish fry (
Pangasius pangasius). Restaurant waste, containing 10.89% protein, 9.70% fat, 0.39% phosphorus, and 0.08% calcium and 9.13% crude fiber, was fermented to enhance its nutritional value and determine its potential as a cost-effective feed ingredient. The research identified the optimal fermentation duration and FRWF inclusion rate through a completely randomized design with five treatments (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% FRWF) and three replicates each. Parameters assessed included fermentation outcomes, daily growth, survival rate, and water quality. A seven-day fermentation period was optimal, yielding 25.38% protein, 15.97% moisture, and 4302 Kcal/kg energy. The 40% FRWF inclusion achieved the highest growth rate (1.93%/day) and acceptable survival rates (80–95%). Water quality parameters, including temperature (25.8°C), dissolved oxygen (4.80 mg/L), pH (7.15), and ammonia (0.03 mg/L), remained within suitable ranges. These findings suggest that incorporating fermented restaurant waste into fish feed can enhance growth performance while maintaining water quality, presenting a sustainable alternative for reducing feed costs in aquaculture.
The Effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) on the hatching rate of sea bass eggs (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Afriani Sari , Ahmadi Bathlimus
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of giving garlic extract
(Allium sativum) to the hatching rate of sea bass eggs
(Lates calcarifer). This research was conducted in February-March 2024 at the Brackish Water Aquaculture Center Ujung Batee, Aceh Besar. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replicates. The concentration of garlic used includes treatment A which is 0 (control), treatment B 1.000 ppm, treatment C 1.500 ppm, treatment D 2.000 ppm, and treatment E 2.500 ppm. The results of this study showed the hatching rate (HR) of eggs ranged from 30.75-92.75% and the survival rate (SR) ranged from 20.75-89.25%. Based on the ANOVA test, the addition of garlic extract has a real significant effect (P<0.05) on the hatching rate of seabass eggs and the survival of sea bass larvae. Soaking eggs in garlic extract was found to be effective in inhibiting fungal attacks on sea bass eggs that had previously been infected with fungi. This is proven by the high percentage of egg hatching and survival rate of sea bass larvae. In this study, treatment D (2000 ppm) was the best treatment which produced a hatching rate percentage of 92.75%, with a survival rate 89.25%.
Addition of garlic (Allium sativum) extract in fry as immunostimulant on survival and blood profile of pomfret fish (Colossoma macropomum)
Authors: Ismarica Ismarica , Helda Musfika , Dara Dewi Cut
Published: January 2025

Pomfret fish (Colossoma macropomum) is a highly valuable freshwater fishery commodity. Bacterial diseases, particularly those caused by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria, are a common issue in these fish. Using immunostimulants to control bacterial diseases can enhance the function of the immune system. Garlic is a natural ingredient that can serve as an effective immunostimulant. This study aims to assess the impact of adding garlic extract to feed on the survival and blood profile of Colossoma macropomum. The research employed an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 3 repetitions. The doses of garlic extract used were P1 (0 g/kg control +), P2 (0 g/kg control -), P3 (10 g/kg), P4 (15 g/kg), P5 (20 g/kg), and P6 (20 g/kg). A total of 180 pomfret fish were used in the study, and they were fed with additional garlic extract for 28 days. Subsequently, the fish were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria at a specific density. The results of the ANOVA test indicated that the provision of garlic extract had a significant effect on leukocytes (1,99±10388,73 x105 sel/mm3) and erythrocytes (10,10±0,25x106 sel/mm3 ) at H-15 (after bacterial infection) and leukocytes (1,43±9196,33x106 sel/mm3 )at H-28. Furthermore, the use of garlic extract in feed was shown to have a significant effect (P<0.05) on the survival of the fish, with the best survival rate at 83.33±5.77% in treatment P3 (10 g/kg). The study also identified the optimal dose of garlic extract for use as an immunostimulant, which was determined to be P3 (10g/kg).
Optimization of purse seine fishing gear on skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) landed at Kutaraja fishing port
Authors: Agustina Imelda , Maulidar Nur , Salmarika Salmarika , Thaib Rizwan
Published: January 2025

Aceh waters are an area with abundant fishery resources, where Skipjack tuna (
Katsuwonus pelamis) is one of the leading commodities. This study aims to assess the optimization of purse seine fishing gear on skipjack tuna catch at the Kutaraja Fishing Port (Type A). The research was conducted in August 2024 using observation and interview methods to collect primary and secondary data. The results showed that skipjack tuna production fluctuated during the 2019-2023 period, with the highest production of 9,704 tons in 2023 and the lowest of 6,103 tons in 2021. The highest fishing effort reached 2,676 trips in 2022, while the lowest was 2,112 trips in 2021. The catch per unit effort (CPUE) value reached 3.69 tons/trip in 2023, indicating that purse seine gear is able to operate optimally in supporting the increase in skipjack tuna catch. Optimization of purse seine gear significantly contributes to skipjack tuna catch at PPS Kutaraja, although production fluctuations are still affected by environmental challenges. Good and ecosystem-based management is needed to maintain the sustainability of skipjack tuna stocks and meet the needs of fishermen and markets.
Testing of artificial feed by using raw material from
Euthynnus affinis waste flour for gourami (Osphronemus gourami)
Authors: Nazlia Suraiya , Ismarica Ismarica , Alfarizy Muhammad , Aufari Hatfan , Syauqi Muhammad , Purnama Febri Suri , Rezvani Aprita Ika , Muhardina Virna
Published: January 2025

Utilization of fish based-waste as feed is a very efficient alternative in reducing pollution and environmental damage, and meeting the nutritional needs of fish growth. This study aims to test the quality of fish feed made from waste flour
Euthynnus affinis based on physical, chemical and biological tests for gourami. This research was conducted in 2024. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications and 5 treatments. The addition of fish waste flour includes: P1 (0%) control, P2 (35%), P3 (40%), P4 (45%) and P5 (50%). The results showed that the ANOVA test on the physical test, the addition of waste flour in artificial feed for gourami significantly different (P <0.05) on the breaking speed and sinking speed with the highest value in treatment P5 (50%) which is 14.51 minutes and 0.05 seconds. However, there was no significant effect (P>0.05) on the dispersion of solids, level of hardness, level of homogenesis and feed attractiveness. The results of chemical tests (proximate) showed that feed without the addition of waste flour and feed with the addition of waste flour provided protein content values of 20.89% and 30-32%. In biological studies, the addition of waste flour to feed had no significant impact (P>0.05) on gourami survival, but it had an important effect (P<0.05) on weight. The highest growth value was found in the P4 treatment (45%) which amounted to 2.46 g with survival ranging from 90% ± 0.00. Therefore, from each treatment it can be concluded that the addition of raw materials of waste flour in feed provides a good nutritional value for the growth of gourami.
Fish ectoparasite in public aquarium
Authors: Radhitia Prasetiawan Nanda , Amalia Kurniasih Ratna , Setiawan Agus , Penataseputro Tanjung
Published: January 2025

Ectoparasite infestation is a problem related to fish health commonly found in aquaculture activities including ornamental fish that are kept in public aquariums for exhibition. Parasite infestation can trigger various diseases or other health problems. Identification and inventory of ectoparasites become necessary to avoid it. This paper describes the results of ectoparasite inventories in fish that kept in public aquariums facility. An inventory of ectoparasites was carried out through non-lethal sampling using skin scrapping and gill biopsy techniques by wet mount then observed under the microscope. Five groups of parasites (Protozoa, Monogeneans, Digeneas, Copepod, Isopod) infest nine species of fish in the aquarium facilities and dominated by Monogeneans. The highest number of parasite species was detected in seawater quarantine pond. Carassius auratus auratus is a freshwater fish which have the most parasitic infestations. Meanwhile, the seawater fish with the most parasitic infestations was Diodon sp. Parasitic infestation not always shows clinical symptoms. Trachinoctus blochii infested by Cryptocaryon sp. showed skin lesions and became fish have noticeable clinical change. Prevention of the entry of parasites, quarantine processes, and application of systems for breaking the life cycle of parasites important in parasite control in public aquarium.
Present status of capture fisheries in West Kutai regency of East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia
Authors: Solihin Iin , Nugroho Thomas , M Wildan Dudi , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Nurussalam Wildan , Effendi Irzal , Hestiriannoto Totok , Edriyan Edriyan , Nurimala Mala , Steven Florensius , Yulian Yulian
Published: January 2025

The Mahakam River and the Jempang Lake regions are home to the substantial capture fisheries resources in West Kutai Regency. The purpose of this study is to describe the state of the district's capture fisheries. It was carried out in May and August of 2024 in three districts:Muara Pahu, Penyinggahan, and Jempang. The research method used was a descriptive survey by conducting observations and interviews with fishermen. Observations indicate that the three districts have a substantial potential for capture fisheries, with Asian redtail catfish, Indonesian snakehead, pangas catfish, tilapia, and Philippine catfish making up most of the catch. Typically, fishermen employ traditional gear such as lift nets, long lines, net traps, bamboo traps, and gill nets. Non-motorized boats and outboard motorboats make up many fishing vessels. The number of fishermen varies between around 6,822 and 7,508 individuals. One-day fishing is the practice of fishing for a single day, and the annual production of capture fisheries ranges from 1,556 to 1,570 tons. Among the issues faced in the field include the usage of poison, fishing with forbidden gear, and the water level (particularly Jempang Lake) being drastically reduced or even drying up during the dry season.
A Novel Condensation-Cyclization Reaction of 4-Chloro-3-formylcoumarin with Amidoximes: Facile Synthesis of Coumarin-fused Pyrimidinones
Authors: Kaboudin Babak , Poordehghan Ali , Ghashghaee Mojtaba , Fukaya Haruhiko
Published: January 2025

Coumarin fused heterocyclic compounds are important materials with wide applications in biological and drug design. We report here a novel condensation-cyclization reaction of 4-chloro-3-formylcoumarin with amidoximes. The reaction gave a novel conjunction and hybrid compound of coumarin with pyrimidinones. Condensation-cyclization reactions of amidoximes with 4-chloro-3-formylcoumarin in catalyst-free conditions gave various coumarin derivatives of pyrimidinones in good to excellent yield.
Memristive behavior in SnO2 wires guided by surface oxygen vacancy motion and H2O molecules: A study
Authors: Moisés Lucas A. , Chiquito Adenilson J.
Published: January 2025

We present a study of an anomalous electrical behavior observed in SnO2 memristor devices based on nanowire networks previously studied by our group. This behavior shows strongly depend on the surface–environment interaction of the nanowires. To enhance/evidence it, we built a device based on a single microwire with higher interaction to ambient air. This device proved to be a memristor in cyclic voltammetry. Based on the literature and voltammetry data, we propose a model to describe that behavior based on the formation/rupture of surface conductive paths formed by water molecules adsorbed in oxygen vacancies and the changes caused by these dynamics in the device's equivalent circuit. We also enhance the behavior in nanowire networks, producing devices with a higher exposure level of the nanowires to the environment. Additionally, these network devices showed potential for application in resistive memories, with an ON/OFF ratio of 22.2 and retention of 1400 s.
Cryogenic behavior of high-permittivity gate dielectrics: The impact of atomic layer deposition temperature and the lithographic patterning method
Authors: Paghi Alessandro , Battisti Sebastiano , Tortorella Simone , De Simoni Giorgio , Giazotto Francesco
Published: January 2025

Dielectrics featuring a high relative permittivity, i.e., high-k dielectrics, have become the standard insulators in gate architectures, enhancing the electrical performance of both room temperature and cryogenic electronics. This study delves into the cryogenic (3 K) performance of high-k dielectrics commonly used as gate insulators. We fabricated Al2O3 and HfO2 layers via atomic layer deposition (ALD) and extrapolated relative permittivity (k) and dielectric strength (EBD) from AC (100 Hz–100 kHz) and DC measurements on metal–insulator–metal capacitors. Our findings reveal a strong dependence of HfO2 cryogenic performance on ALD growth temperature, while the latter shows a negligible impact on Al2O3. We estimated ∼9% and ∼14% reductions in the relative permittivities of HfO2 and Al2O3, respectively, at temperatures from 300 to 3 K. Additionally, we designed and fabricated Al2O3/HfO2 bilayers and checked their properties at cryogenic temperatures. The study also investigates the impact of the patterning method, namely, UV or electron-beam lithography (acceleration voltage of 10, 20, or 30 kV), on the high-k dielectric properties.
Exploring Chinese heritage language (CHL) retention in New Zealand
Chinese immigrant families
Authors: Ji Di
Published: January 2025

New Zealand is a multicultural and multilingual country, with
Chinese being the largest ethnic group after New Zealand Europeans and Māori.
However, the retention of Chinese heritage language (CHL) in New Zealand has not
been extensively researched, and there is a lack of understanding of
intergenerational CHL transmission in this context. Through a quantitative
approach involving 114 Chinese immigrant families in New Zealand, the research
investigates how three components of family language policy (FLP) — family
language beliefs, language practices, and language management — interrelate with
each other and influence children’s CHL development. The results indicate an
intricate relationship between FLP and children’s CHL proficiency. Specifically,
children’s Chinese language practice is a significant driver in enhancing their
communicative proficiency, while effective language management is a crucial
driver in improving Chinese literacy.
Supplementary force comparison COOMET.M.F-S1. Measurand force: 50 kN, 100 kN, 200 kN, 500 kN, 1 MN, 1.5 MN, 1.95 MN
Authors: Semenov Sergey , Сhechel Victor , Galat Evgeny , Leonov Georgy
Published: January 2025

Main text

This report presents the results of a supplementary comparison in the field of force measurements in the range from 50 kN up to 1 950 kN. This comparison was carried out within the framework of the RMO COOMET. The national metrological institutes of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine participated in the range up to 1 000 kN. The national metrological institutes of Russia and Belarus participated in the range of over 1 000 kN. For the first time, a Build-up System consisting of three force transducers was used for comparison at 1 500 kN and 1 950 kN points.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Augmenting motion artifacts to enhance auto-contouring of complex structures in cone-beam computed tomography imaging
Authors: Genghi Angelo , Fartaria Mário João , Siroki-Galambos Anna , Flückiger Simon , Franco Fernando , Strzelecki Adam , Paysan Pascal , Turian Julius , Wu Zhen , Boldrini Luca , Chiloiro Giuditta , Costantino Thomas , English Justin , Morgas Tomasz , Coradi Thomas
Published: January 2025

Objective. To develop an augmentation method that simulates cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) related motion artifacts, which can be used to generate training-data to increase the performance of artificial intelligence models dedicated to auto-contouring tasks. Approach. The augmentation technique generates data that simulates artifacts typically present in CBCT imaging. The simulated pseudo-CBCT (pCBCT) is created using interleaved sequences of simulated breath-hold and free-breathing projections. Neural networks for auto-contouring of head and neck and bowel structures were trained with and without pCBCT data. Quantitative and qualitative assessment was done in two independent test sets containing CT and real CBCT data focus on four anatomical regions: head, neck, abdomen, and pelvis. Qualitative analyses were conducted by five clinical experts from three different healthcare institutions. Main results. The generated pCBCT images demonstrate realistic motion artifacts comparable to those observed in real CBCT data. Training a neural network with CT and pCBCT data improved Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and average contour distance (ACD) results on CBCT test sets. The results were statistically significant (p-value ⩽.03) for bone-mandible (model without/with pCBCT: 0.91/0.92 DSC, p ⩽ .01; 0.74/0.66 mm ACD, p ⩽.01), brain (0.34/0.93 DSC, p ⩽ 1 × 10−5; 17.5/2.79 mm ACD, p = 1 × 10−5), oral-cavity (0.81/0.83 DSC, p ⩽.01; 5.11/4.61 mm ACD, p = .02), left-submandibular-gland (0.58/0.77 DSC, p ⩽.001; 3.24/2.12 mm ACD, p ⩽ .001), right-submandibular-gland (0.00/0.75 DSC, p ⩽.1 × 10−5; 17.5/2.26 mm ACD, p ⩽ 1 × 10−5), left-parotid (0.68/0.78 DSC, p ⩽ .001; 3.34/2.58 mm ACD, p ⩽.01), large-bowel (0.60/0.75 DSC, p ⩽ .01; 6.14/4.56 mm ACD, p = .03) and small-bowel (3.08/2.65 mm ACD, p = .03). Visual evaluation showed fewer false positives, false negatives, and misclassifications in artifact-affected areas. Qualitative analyses demonstrated that, auto-generated contours are clinically acceptable in over 90% of cases for most structures, with only a few requiring adjustments. Significance. The inclusion of pCBCT improves the performance of trainable auto-contouring approaches, particularly in cases where the images are prone to severe artifacts.
Mitigation of DESI fiber assignment incompleteness effect on two-point clustering with small angular scale truncated estimators
Authors: Pinon M. , de Mattia A. , McDonald P. , Burtin E. , Ruhlmann-Kleider V. , White M. , Bianchi D. , Ross A.J. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Brooks D. , Cahn R.N. , Chaussidon E. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , Dey B. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gontcho A Gontcho S. , Howlett C. , Kirkby D. , Kisner T. , Kremin A. , Lambert A. , Landriau M. , Lasker J. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Myers A.D. , Niz G. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Rossi G. , Sanchez E. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Seo H. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Weaver B.A. , Zarrouk P. , Zhou R. , Zou H.
Published: January 2025

We present a method to mitigate the effects of fiber assignment incompleteness in
two-point power spectrum and correlation function measurements from galaxy spectroscopic surveys,
by truncating small angular scales from estimators. We derive the corresponding modified
correlation function and power spectrum windows to account for the small angular scale truncation
in the theory prediction. We validate this approach on simulations reproducing the Dark Energy
Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 1 (DR1) with and without fiber assignment. We show
that we recover unbiased cosmological constraints using small angular scale truncated estimators
from simulations with fiber assignment incompleteness, with respect to standard estimators from
complete simulations. Additionally, we present an approach to remove the sensitivity of the fits
to high k modes in the theoretical power spectrum, by applying a transformation to the data
vector and window matrix. We find that our method efficiently mitigates the effect of fiber
assignment incompleteness in two-point correlation function and power spectrum measurements, at
low computational cost and with little statistical loss.
HOD-dependent systematics in Emission Line Galaxies for the DESI 2024 BAO analysis
Authors: Garcia-Quintero C. , Mena-Fernández J. , Rocher A. , Yuan S. , Hadzhiyska B. , Alves O. , Rashkovetskyi M. , Seo H. , Padmanabhan N. , Nadathur S. , Howlett C. , Ishak M. , Medina-Varela L. , McDonald P. , Ross A.J. , Xie Y. , Chen X. , Bera A. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Andrade U. , BenZvi S. , Brooks D. , Burtin E. , Chen S. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , de la Macorra A. , de Mattia A. , Dey A. , Dey B. , Ding Z. , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gutierrez G. , Guy J. , Hahn C. , Honscheid K. , Kremin A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Meisner A. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Newman J.A. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Paillas E. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Pérez-Fernández A. , Rosado-Marin A. , Rossi G. , Ruggeri R. , Sanchez E. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Weaver B.A. , Yu J. , Zhang H. , Zhou R. , Zou H.
Published: January 2025

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) will provide precise measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) to constrain the expansion history of the Universe and set stringent constraints on dark energy. Therefore, precise control of the global error budget due to various systematic effects is required for the DESI 2024 BAO analysis. In this work, we estimate the level of systematics induced in the DESI BAO analysis due the assumed Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) model for the Emission Line Galaxy (ELG) tracer. We make use of mock galaxy catalogs constructed by fitting various HOD models to early DESI data, namely the One-Percent survey data. Our analysis includes typical HOD models for the ELG tracer used in the literature as well as extensions to the baseline models. Among the extensions, we consider various recipes for galactic conformity and assembly bias. We use 25 AbacusSummit simulations under the ΛCDM cosmology for each HOD model and perform independent analyses in Fourier space and in configuration space. To recover the BAO signal from our mocks we perform BAO reconstruction and apply the control variates technique to reduce sample variance noise. Our BAO analyses can recover the isotropic BAO parameter α
iso within 0.1% and the Alcock Paczynski parameter α
AP within 0.3%. Overall, we find that the systematic error due to the HOD dependence is below 0.17%, with the Fourier space analysis being more robust against the HOD systematics. We conclude that our analysis pipeline is robust enough against the HOD systematics for the ELG tracer in the DESI 2024 BAO analysis, for the assumptions made.
Optimal reconstruction of baryon acoustic oscillations for DESI 2024
Authors: Paillas E. , Ding Z. , Chen X. , Seo H. , Padmanabhan N. , de Mattia A. , Ross A.J. , Nadathur S. , Howlett C. , Aguilar J. , Ahlen S. , Alves O. , Andrade U. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Burtin E. , Chen S. , Claybaugh T. , Cole S. , Dawson K. , de la Macorra A. , Dey Arjun , Doel P. , Fanning K. , Ferraro S. , Forero-Romero J.E. , Garcia-Quintero C. , Gaztañaga E. , Gil-Marín H. , Gontcho S.Gontcho A. , Gutierrez G. , Hahn C. , Hanif M.M.S. , Honscheid K. , Ishak M. , Kehoe R. , Kremin A. , Landriau M. , Le Guillou L. , Levi M.E. , Manera M. , Martini P. , Medina-Varela L. , Meisner A. , Mena-Fernández J. , Miquel R. , Moustakas J. , Mueller E. , Muñoz-Gutiérrez A. , Myers A.D. , Newman J.A. , Nie J. , Niz G. , Palanque-Delabrouille N. , Percival W.J. , Poppett C. , Prada F. , Pérez-Fernández A. , Rashkovetskyi M. , Rezaie M. , Rosado-Marin A. , Rossi G. , Ruggeri R. , Sanchez E. , Saulder C. , Schlafly E.F. , Schlegel D. , Schubnell M. , Sprayberry D. , Tarlé G. , Valcin D. , Vargas-Magaña M. , Yu J. , Yuan S. , Zhou R. , Zou H.
Published: January 2025

Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) provide a robust standard ruler to measure the expansion history of the Universe through galaxy clustering. Density-field reconstruction is now a widely adopted procedure for increasing the precision and accuracy of the BAO detection. With the goal of finding the optimal reconstruction settings to be used in the DESI 2024 galaxy BAO analysis, we assess the sensitivity of the post-reconstruction BAO constraints to different choices in our analysis configuration, performing tests on blinded data from the first year of DESI observations (DR1), as well as on mocks that mimic the expected clustering and selection properties of the DESI DR1 target samples. Overall, we find that BAO constraints remain robust against multiple aspects in the reconstruction process, including the choice of smoothing scale, treatment of redshift-space distortions, fiber assignment incompleteness, and parameterizations of the BAO model. We also present a series of tests that DESI followed in order to assess the maturity of the end-to-end galaxy BAO pipeline before the unblinding of the large-scale structure catalogs.
Initial performance assessment and calibration techniques of the production monolithic silicon pixel detector ASIC for the detection of electromagnetic showers of TeV energy in the FASER experiment at the LHC
Authors: Kotitsa Rafaella Eleni ,   the FASER collaboration
Published: January 2025

The FASER experiment at the LHC aims to detect new, long-lived fundamental particles. A tungsten-silicon (W-Si) preshower detector is being developed to enhance the experiment's ability to distinguish between closely spaced photon pairs with energies on the order of TeV and separations as small as 200 µm. This detector will use a monolithic silicon pixel sensor fabricated with 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. Initial tests were conducted on the production ASIC, after evaluating the performance of the preproduction ASIC. The first tests on the production ASIC indicate that the essential components of the monolithic silicon pixel detector are operating as expected. Two calibration methods were developed to reconstruct the charge of the FASER preshower detector, from the ASICs' ADC values.
2794 A MUST to improve patient outcomes; a multidisciplinary approach to improving nutrition
Authors: Mellor M , Tanner S
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Malnutrition is a significant problem in the hospitalised population, particularly in those with cognitive impairment. Malnutrition has been shown to increase rates of infection, pressure sores, length of stay, readmission and morbidity. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) scoring identifies adults at risk of malnutrition and prompts dietetic referrals where appropriate. MUST score recordings across four Complex Medicine Units in the John Radcliffe Hospital were often inaccurate or incomplete, impacting on the identification of malnutrition and timely referral to dietetics. Multi-disciplinary teaching on MUST scores improved identification of malnutrition in this patient population. Further interventions are planned.

Methods

Electronic patient records for patients >/=75 years of age admitted to the Complex Medical Units at the John Radcliffe Hospital with a diagnosis of cognitive impairment were analysed. The percentage of patients who had either an incomplete or incorrect MUST score were identified. The percentage of patients that did not receive a referral to dietetics due to an underestimated MUST score and the reasons for the underestimation, were determined. Multi-disciplinary teaching interventions focussing on the identification of malnutrition in inpatients were implemented. MUST score recording was re-analysed following intervention.

Results

71% of MUST scores underestimated risk of malnutrition. 67% of this cohort met criteria for referral to dietetics based on a corrected score, with only 33% of this group receiving the appropriate referral. Failure to identify weight loss in the preceding 3–6 months accounted for 88% of inaccurate scores. Multi-disciplinary teaching interventions improved MUST score accuracy by 14%, indicating improved identification of malnutrition risk.

Conclusion

Identification of malnutrition is important to improve patient outcomes. Changes to practise will include multi-disciplinary education, improved use of technology to generate accurate MUST scores and the utilisation of transfer boards with integrated weighing scales to ensure all new admissions have an accurate weight.
2870 Improving multidisciplinary team meetings on an elderly medicine Ward at Leeds teaching hospitals trust
Authors: Brew E , Cracknell A , Flinders A , Ninan S
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Within our ward multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings we noted that there was often a lack of attendance from key disciplines, inconsistent content, and an overly medical emphasis. We wished to create an MDT that was structured, with consistent input from nursing and therapy teams, covering components of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA).

Methods

On one pilot ward, we agreed a new structure to MDT meetings. Clinical leadership was required to facilitate staff sharing their observations, with clinicians speaking less. We used an A0 poster as a clear visual prompt for maintaining structure. A survey on teamworking and safety was performed on the pilot ward by the Improvement Academy. We had several iterations, but a standardised structure with key ingredients for MDTs was rolled out across five other Elderly Medicine wards. A further survey was performed examining opinions on quality of MDT working.

Results

After our interventions, CFS, 4AT and mobility went from being discussed 0% of the time in July 2021 to 100% of the time on the pilot ward between January and July 2024. Mobility went from being discussed from 0% in July 2021 to 71% in May 2024 across all wards. 90.5% of the pilot team thought that decision making utilised input from relevant team members. In a further survey in May 2024, 82.6% agreed that the relevant team members opinions were listened to.

Conclusion

A structured MDT process was successful in incorporating key elements of CGA whilst improving MDT teamworking. Starting with a single ward allowed others to gain confidence in the success of the process and enable natural spread. Key stakeholders including organisational leads were consulted and involved in improvement work, such that this is now a standard way of working. The lessons learned are being used to contribute to a digital dashboard tracking MDT progress.
2887 Transforming advance care planning with the rollout of EPIC in post-acute geriatric medicine wards
Authors: Walker J , Barling A , Lochlainn M Ni
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Advance care planning (ACP) allows patients to prepare for their future and articulate their care preferences. Despite it being a major policy focus there are significant barriers that affect ACP delivery, including paperwork burden and information sharing difficulties. Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are fundamental to how ACP conversations are recorded and communicated. We present data from inpatient geriatric medicine unit during a change in trust-wide EHR (namely, EPIC) and a contemporaneous ACP educational drive.

Methods

Clinical notes for all patients on three geriatric wards were analysed on a single day in July 2023 and April 2024. EPIC was rolled out in October 2023. Demographics including age, admission and discharge destination, clinical frailty score (CFS) and social circumstances were retrieved, and notes were reviewed for ACP decisions. Teaching took the form of regular small group seminars for ward teams, and departmental sessions to build confidence and optimise ACP documentation using the new software.

Results

83 and 85 patients were identified in July 23 and April 24 respectively. Demographic data were similar between groups including mean age (82; 84), CFS of ≥6 (67%; 61%). In July cohort, one patient had an ACP. In April, 20 patients had an ACP and 8 patients had a Universal Care Plan.

Conclusion(s)

Significant improvements were noted in ACP delivery and documentation. Following the launch of EPIC alongside targeted teaching to staff members, the proportion of patients with an ACP increased by 23% and UCP by 10% over a 9-month period. EPIC includes improved ability to search for relevant information and dedicated space to document ACP plans, both of which may have contributed to these results. Future work aims to expand this learning into GSTT community services and across other trusts, capitalising on the potential of improved EHR technology in the NHS.
2852 A proactive multidisciplinary approach to reviewing health and care needs of nursing home residents in a primary care network
Authors: Jumabhoy F , Ninan S , Narayana D
Published: January 2025

Introduction

We proactively reviewed nursing home residents using a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach within a Primary Care Network (PCN). We aimed to enhance care coordination, reduce inappropriate medication use and ensure all residents had current advanced care plans in place.

Method

An MDT comprising a geriatrician, prescribing pharmacist, general practitioner, and nurse reviewed residents proactively. This involved reviewing the residents’ current health and care needs, falls risk, medication regimens and advance care plans. We then performed medication reviews, reviewed advanced care plans, and identified the need for further interventions. When we repeated the process, we used a proforma that could be pre-populated prior to the meeting by the pharmacist and geriatrician to improve efficiency of the discussion.

Results

The initiative was piloted in two residential nursing homes with a total of 65 residents reviewed, of which 86% (n = 56) received interventions. There was a 47% (n = 29) increase in completed advanced care plans. 62% (n = 40) of residents had medicines optimised, with polypharmacy being reduced in 46% (n = 30) by an average of 2 medications per resident. 8% (n = 5) were referred to additional services and 8% (n = 5) required further investigations.

Conclusion(s)

This proactive MDT model effectively addressed the needs of residents whilst demonstrating immediate positive outcomes. Key facilitators to good practice were teamwork, clarifying the objectives of the MDT, prior reviews of patient records, and ensuring staff who knew the residents well were present. We will use this approach with other nursing homes within the PCN and share our results with colleagues. This has the potential to reduce costs of medications and hospital admissions, as well as improve quality.
2807 Lonely-less: a quality improvement project addressing loneliness in the elderly following neck of femur fracture
Authors: Moore-Gillon C , Thompson E , Agwada-Akeru J
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Loneliness affects nearly a third of adults aged >70. It increases the risk of conditions including depression, coronary artery disease and stroke. Lonely individuals are at increased risk of falls, hospital attendances and prolonged admissions. Following hip fracture, patients are particularly at risk and pre-fracture loneliness is associated with poorer outcomes. An inpatient stay offers the opportunity to screen for and address pre-fracture loneliness.

Aims

100% of patients to have a University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) 3-item loneliness score by day 5 post-operatively. A score of 6 or above necessitates referral for community befriending services.

Study population

Patients aged >70 admitted with femoral neck fractures to orthogeriatric wards.

Methods

The project followed a Plan-Do-Study-Act approach. Electronic records were reviewed weekly for documentation of loneliness scores and referral to community befriending.

Interventions

1. Doctor education session on loneliness and the UCLA 3-item loneliness scoring. 2. Inclusion of the loneliness score in the pre-populated ward round proforma.

Results

Of 102 patients, 63% of patients were female, mean age 85. At baseline, 0% had a loneliness score documented. This improved to 57% following intervention 1, returning to 0% after 2 weeks. Following intervention 2, this improved to 56% but fell to 25% after 6 weeks. Of 23 patients with completed scores, 5 (22%) had a high loneliness score and 4 patients were referred for befriending services.

Conclusion

High rates of loneliness were demonstrated, in line with national predictions. Assessment improved following interventions but was not sustained. Investigation suggested this was due to rapid turnover of doctors, and successive cohorts were unaware of quality improvement programmes before moving on. We believe this to be an important finding, with wider implications for research into improving patient care. Further steps include discussion of loneliness in weekly departmental meetings with the wider Multi-Disciplinary Team.
2854 A change initiative to improve patient safety in inpatient fall management through enhanced compliance with the PFMA document
Authors: Ragunathan J , Vinnakota D
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The local issue tackled was the suboptimal compliance with the Patient Fall Management Assessment (PFMA) on the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) due to assessments being completed on alternative electronic documents. The goal was to emphasise on this to improve patient safety.

Methods

Audit data was collected by reviewing incident reports of inpatient falls across various complex care wards over a 12-month period each, with 109 notes reviewed in the first cycle and 204 in the second.

Interventions

The approach involved conducting repeated training sessions for all grades of training doctors within the trust.

Results

The first audit cycle revealed fair compliance with the PFMA document (87%), documenting events (94%), examinations (87–96%), further investigations and management (80–86%). However, these were lacking for past medical history (61%), medications, especially anticoagulation/antiplatelets (58%), although antihypertensives/sedative reviews were better (75%). The interventions led to a small (2%) increase in the use of the PFMA document but a 100% compliance in recording fall events and a 13% improvement in documenting histories. Review of blood thinners and other medications improved by 17% and 8% respectively. Significant improvements were also seen in examinations and developing management plans. Despite these advancements, 14% of patients experienced recurrent falls, indicating a need for ongoing efforts.

Conclusions

The audit highlighted the effectiveness of continuous training to ensure regular understanding of the importance of completing the PFMA. Given the frequent rotation of junior doctors as well as the increasing variety of allied health care professionals reviewing patients, especially out of hours, this presents a particular challenge. Future efforts will focus on more sustainable methods of increasing awareness of the PFMA such as discussion at multi-disciplinary staff inductions and welcome packs. Sustaining these improvements will involve regular audits and feedback loops as well as feedback on the document itself to assess for future improvements.
2441 Reducing anticholinergic burden in older adults from an acute geriatric Ward—a quality improvement activity using education
Authors: Loh KY , Ho APY , Lim KS , Varman SD
Published: January 2025

Introduction

In older adults, anticholinergic burden (ACB) is associated with serious adverse effects including delirium, falls, functional decline, cognitive decline and death. We carried out a quality improvement project in an inpatient acute geriatric ward, aiming to reduce the percentage of older adults with high ACB scores on discharge by 15% from a baseline of 48% over a period of 3 months.

Method

A pre-interventional analysis of all patients discharged from a single acute geriatric ward in Changi General Hospital was performed. A pre-intervention survey was conducted to assess awareness among physicians of ACB and tools used. Fish-bone diagram, pareto chart and driver diagram were used to identify root causes, highlight the barriers and to prioritise interventions. Interventions in the form of educational posters on ACB, non-pharmacological management of delirium and behavioural symptoms of dementia were made available at the ward. ACB scores were generated for all patients on discharge, using an online ACB calculator [1], which combined the use of 2 validated scales: anticholinergic cognitive burden scale [2] and the German anticholinergic burden scale [3].

Results

396 patients were included in the analysis. Median percentage of patients with high ACB scores (≥3) on discharge was reduced from 48.4% pre-intervention to 16.1% post-intervention. Out of 14 physicians surveyed pre-intervention, 21.4% was unaware of the term ‘ACB’ and availability of ACB scoring systems.

Conclusion

An education approach is effective in raising awareness and reducing use of anticholinergic medications in an acute geriatric ward. This highlights the importance of incorporating ACB awareness and the tools into geriatric department teaching programmes.

References

1. ACB Calculator. (n.d.). https://www.acbcalc.com/.

2. Boustani M., et al.Ageing Health. 2008. 4(3). 311–320.

3. Kiesel EK. et al.BMC Geriatr. 2018;18:239.