bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health-preserving environment subjects interaction technologies in primary school
Authors: Bystritskaya Elena , Grigoryevа Elena , Lebedkina Maria , Sedov Ivan , Musin Oleg
Published: November 2020

There are no common approaches in health forming technologies classification for use in primary school. Thus, subjects of health-preserving technologies subjects cannot be determined, neither for designing and executing projects, nor for creating appropriate environment. There are different points of view in literature on duties on forming pupils of primary school of these subjects and directions of interactions are barely viewed at best. The goal of this article is to classify technologies used in health-preserving environment for primary school, based on subjects of designing and executing of these projects and to create a technology system of health-preserving technology subjects’ interaction for the benefit of primary school students ternary health harmonious development. Basic research methods are comparative analysis and pedagogical modelling of educational process subjects’ interaction system in the field of forming health-preserving environment in primary schools for the sake of juveniles’ physical, psychical and social health complex development. The result is classification of health-preserving technologies on their designing and executing subjects and their interaction technology within their functional duties in primary school pupils’ sanitation. This article can be useful for primary school pupils’ parents and primary school teachers for their non-conflict interactions for sake of 1-4 grade pupils health preserving. In addition, it can help to create health caring environment in school, family and additional learning facilities. Also this article can be helpful to specialists in additional educational system. It’s goal, among the others, is to prepare health preserving technologies project specialists.
New scientific school in the space of Moscow Municipal Pedagogical University
Authors: Mikhaylov Nikolay , Mikhaylova Elvira , Derevleva Elena
Published: November 2020

The article presents achievements of the forming scientific school “Theory and methodology of aerobics”. It systematizes the experience of aerobics for scientific-pedagogical staff training in the system of education in Moscow. Scientific school under the direction of professor E.I. Mikhaylova systematized own achievements for the 25th anniversary of Moscow Municipal Pedagogical University. The article actualizes the indices of the scientific school in developing scientific and educational-methodical support of aerobics lessons at different stages of education, systematizes success in training athletes. They represent the Russian Federation at the International level. The article presents the examples of training teachers for educational establishments of Moscow.
Analysis of high-intensity physical activity biological feasibility within the framework of children health training
Authors: Moment Artem , Nemerovsky Viktor , Karpenko Elena , Rubenkova Lena , Nikitin Aleksey
Published: November 2020

Epidemiological surveys reflect a negative trend in functional indicators for children’s physical health. In recent surveys it is experimentally proved that unlike other methods of training, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) produces prevailing positive effect onto the indicators of physical and functional condition of children with poor health. However, the review of studies suggests that the stated idea turns to be controversial. There is the evidence of possible negative effects of intense physical activity due to the low level biological reliability of adaptation mechanisms and other anatomical and physiological characteristics of children. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a scientifically based conceptual model of timeline for children’s health training in which the central health impetus will be HIIT.
Formation and development of international rock climbing among athletes with disabilities (2006-2020)
Authors: Moiseeva Lyudmila , Piratinsky Alexander
Published: November 2020

The “Classification of disability categories in rock climbing” was developed together with scientists from the University of Perugia (Italy). This classification is successfully used to date. The article defines and lists the categories of young people’s disability that allow them to participate in climbing competitions. Selection and equipment of tracks for training and competitions. Providing security and insurance for different categories of disability. Medical support of sports events. Optimization of the competition program and regulations. Organization of educational and training process for different categories of young people’s disability participating in rock climbing sports events.
Training polyathlon picked team of cadets of the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense military college
Authors: Kuznetsova Zinaida , Loginov Alexander , Mutaeva Ilsiyar , Kuznetsov Stanislav , Kashapova Rafida
Published: November 2020

The article considers the main factors of polyathlon picked team of cadets formation taking into account the specificity of educational establishment of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The article reveals the urgency of sports training reconsideration with the necessity determination to correlate all sides of cadets professional training with the main kind of physical and functional components segregation. We defined the importance of polyathlon for physical training integration, as the main, in the system of educational establishment. We revealed the factor, which influences the picked team of cadets formation for taking part in the main starts. The stages of the picked team formation are revealed with the main training means distribution. We created model characteristics of physical working capacity and aerobic productivity of cadets in age-related aspect.
Model characteristics of physical, functional readiness, psycho-emotional state and competitive activity of weightlifters in dynamics of four years
Authors: Kuznetsova Zinaida , Mutaeva Ilsiyar , Ibragimov Ilyas , Islamova Naziya , Safina Alfiya
Published: November 2020

The article considers the indices of studying all sides of readiness among weightlifters for model characteristics formation according to kinds of training. The results of the held research works in dynamics of several years help to choose the average values depending on weightlifters’ level of readiness, experience and age. The research work examined the cadets, who go in for kettlebell lifting at Tyumen Higher Military –Engineering Command School. We defined the level of weightlifters’ physical, functional, psycho-emotional readiness, working capacity and the indices of competitive activity. We analyzed four years of sports training among weightlifters. The article defines model values of the studied indices within the range of their deviations in the studied groups. The indices of the competitive exercise are distributed as phase, advanced and etalon model values. We substantiated the necessity to study model characteristics as the base for an effective training process correction at all stages of training. The held analysis helps to reveal that during recent years technical indices significantly increased. It proves the increased functional abilities of highly-qualified weightlifters, their physical readiness and the attention paid by coaches to this side of sports training.
The Application of Mathematical Modeling in Building of Social and Environmental Competence of Future Technical Specialists in the Health Care Area
Authors: Chekanushkina Elena , Ryabinova Elena , Pirova Diera
Published: November 2020

The paper considers building of social and environmental competence of future technical specialists. It shows that health care competence building is becoming more pressing issue each year. Behavioral patterns are formed in the process of training, upbringing and observing people around. They allow forming the ability or readiness to use the acquired interdisciplinary knowledge in professional activities related to health, safety of human life, as well as in the process of studying such disciplines as the “Elective Courses on Physical Education and Sports” and “Physical Education and Sports”. The patterns offer the possibility to develop a behavioral socio-ecological algorithm efficiently. In pedagogy and didactic processes, mathematical modeling is aimed at clarifying phenomena that are not amenable to experiment or unobservable as well as patterns of education for the development of efficient teaching technologies. The paper considers mathematical descriptions of the models for formation, interaction and efficiency of various target groups exemplified by Nordic walking, indoor soccer and interdisciplinary teams. It shows the dependence of student group population on an activity and quantitative composition of potential participants of sports group. This mathematical model is also applicable for building socioecological competence of future technical specialists in the framework of participation in interdisciplinary projects, research activities, Olympiads, social and environmental events that contribute to the assimilation of socio-ecological patterns of behavior, the condition for the development of which is the unity of cognitive and practical activities in the process of studying at the university. The paper includes the interim experiment results.
Problems and possibilities of distance education use among students, who study according to “Physical culture” profile
Authors: Rusinova Mariia , Porseva Kristina , Puchkareva Inna
Published: November 2020

Digital technologies introduction into the sphere of education is an urgent problem. Nowadays specialists both underline positive and negative sides of transfer into digital sphere. However, in terms of coronovirus infection pandemic most part of educational establishments was forced to use distance education. The aim of the present research work was to reveal the attitude of students to distant form of education, the difficulties and possibilities of this direction development. As the research methods we used survey, statistical instruments of data handling and Google Forms. On the basis of the survey we revealed the attitude of students to distance education in general and to lectures and practical lessons, including the disciplines of sports orientation. During the survey we defined the main reasons. They prevent effective educational process realization using distant technologies. We defined the problems, possibilities and conditions for an effective use of distant forms of education.
Transdisciplinary model for quality control of bachelor’s training in “Physical culture”
Authors: Zhabakov Vladislav , Zhabakova Tatiana , Kravtsova Larisa , Makarenko Viktor
Published: November 2020

The article considers the component content of the transdisciplinary model for quality control of bachelor’s training in “Physical culture” at the strategic (potential) level, tactical (optimal) level, and operational (subject-operational) levels. Interiorized subjectivity, the awareness of the physical culture process and sports self-improvement, and exteriorized subjectivity are identified as criteria for evaluating the quality of bachelor’s training in the “Physical culture”. We used the questionnaire “autonomy-dependence” by G. S. Parygin, “Methodology for diagnosing the level of reflection development” by A.V. Karpov to study the feature of transdisciplinary model for quality control of bachelor’s training in “Physical culture”. We used a modified questionnaire by V. I. Baidenko to study soft skills forming process. The software “SPSS v 17.0”, descriptive statistics, φ* Fischer criterion were used for statistics. As a result of the formative in result of experiment, significant differences in reflexivity are observed. Thus, at the operational level, there is a predominance of retrospective reflection. Differences in the reflection level are identified at the tactical level. Comparison of KG and EG after conducting a formative experiment using the “autonomy” criterion allows us to conclude that there are statistically significant differences (p≤ 0.01). Significant differences in the concepts of competencies in KG and EG with an error (p≤ 0.01) were identified by the criterion of “maintaining” competencies. Thus, the introduction of a transdisciplinary model for quality control of bachelor’s training in the “Physical culture” allows us to introduce innovative changes in bachelor’s training based on the methodology of transdisciplinarity.
Advantages and disadvantages of distance learning on students’ and teachers’ of the physical culture faculty opinion
Authors: Korolkov Alexey , Germanov Gennady , Langueva Olga , Shevyakova Arina , Poskrebysheva Natalia
Published: November 2020

We tryed to formalize various aspects of distance education in the form of speculative validity indicators based on calculating the relative frequency of students and teachers opinions. Methods of survey, questioning, systematization of information from open sources in electronic catalogs and publications on the Internet were used. The systematized nominal information was classified according to the selected dichotomous bases. There are 10 reasons (factors) for evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. 26 aspects-variables of distance education were identified. Promising areas for further research are outlined.
Similarities and dissimilarities in response to specific submaximal aerobic exercise in newcomer and well-trained athletes
Authors: Anpilogov Igor , Pavlov Pavel
Published: November 2020

The study was aimed on evaluation the applicability of certain distinct characteristics of heart rate dynamics dependence upon physical training load as criteria of young athletes functional fitness. Nine elite adult canoe and kayak rowers and twenty five young skiers aged 11-13 took part in the research program. Canoe and kayak rowers performed incremental tests on a rowing simulator (4*1000 m). The following parameters were measured: heart rate, oxygen heart rate, breath frequency, respiratory exchange ratio, oxygen uptake, and minute ventilation. Young skiers performed moderate run on a stadium track maintaining constant speed to voluntary physical exhaustion. Comparison of the trends in young and elite athletes allows assuming that the response to the given load on the third segment of the test exceeded the current level of fitness and continuation of the exercise at this level can cause overstrain and overtraining. It has to be pointed out that this assumption requires further research with measurement of a broader range of parameters.
Correlation of the lower limb anatomical shortening with scoliotic deformity of the spine
Authors: Vasilyev Viktor , Begidova Tamara , Mukina Ekaterina , Shvachun Oksana , Prytkova Elena
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the analysis of the correlation between the anatomical shortening of the lower limb and the formation of a scoliotic curve. Despite the fact that the subject matter lacks sufficient research, an attempt is made to consider the data of domestic and foreign scientific studies that shed light on the issue. Within the framework of data analysis in an independent study of a group of 47 patients with shortening of the lower limb combined with vertebral scoliotic deformity, 4 different types of compensatory deformities of the spine were determined. Variants of possible correction were suggested depending on the type and complexity of the deformity. The conducted study stresses the importance of further theoretical and practical development of the subject matter and improvement of therapeutic and preventive measures for scoliosis.
Experimental method for developing coordination abilities in 10-14-year-old children engaged in hand-to-hand combat
Authors: Sklizkov Vladimir , Baimurzin Albert
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the study of an experimental method for the coordination abilities development based on the rhythm sense development. The study revealed the relationship between the level of students physical and technical readiness with the level of their rhythm sense development, rhythm dependence of movement skills during hand-to-hand combat, the ability of training aimed at developing a sense of rhythm, to include an auditory analyzer in the work of students. The study showed the effectiveness of the experimental method.
Assembly of efficient Ag/n-Si/Cu2CdSnS4/Au for photovoltaic cell utilities
Authors: El Saeedy Halemah I. , Yakout Hanan A. , Mahmoud Mona , Abdelaal Said A. , El Sayed Mardia T.
Published: November 2020

Assembly of earth-abundant and cheap kesterite thin films is significant to produce inexpensive photovoltaic cells. Here, uniform, crystalline Cu2CdSnS4 (CCTS4) thin films were deposited on commercial glass substrate by spray pyrolysis method with thickness (215, 246, 328 and 385) at 450 °C. The structural, optical, electrical, and photovoltaic studies of the deposited CCTS4 films were tested by different analysis. The various values of structural constants of CCTS4 films were examined with film thickness. The XRD experiments appeared that the CCTS4 films prove a polycrystalline nature and tetragonal shape. The CCTS4 films observed a direct optical transition and decreased with film thickness increased. The thickness 385 nm of CCTS4 thin film was selected to fabricate the Ag/n-Si/CCTS4/Au Hetero-Junction because it exhibits high values of absorption coefficient and optical conductivity. The fabricated CCTS4/n-type Si Hetero-Junction showed efficiency about 4.1%.
Study on polishing slurry of hydrogen peroxide-oxalic acid in CMP 304 stainless steel
Authors: Weng Jianchun , Lin Rongchuan , Rong Xing
Published: November 2020

Stainless steel will become the substrate material of the flexible display, requirements of the flexible substrate in the surface quality and performance are very strict. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is one of the most appropriate technologies to achieve the surface processing of ultra-thin stainless-steel flexible display substrate with ultra-smooth and damage-free. In this paper, the design of CMP slurry of 304 stainless steel on the hydrogen peroxide-oxalic acid type was proposed. Through experiment and analysis, the basic ingredients of CMP slurry was obtained. The research results showed that the hydrogen peroxide can increase the hydrophilicity of the stainless steel surface, and the Fenton type Haber-Weiss reaction can occur on the surface of the fresh metal substrate of stainless steel. The trivalent iron ions generated by the Fenton type reaction combined with oxygen to generate iron oxide and promoted the removal of the surface material. Under acidic conditions, the oxalic acid can decrease the stability of the oxide film on the stainless steel surface, promote the diffusion of oxygen into the metal interface, improve the oxygen reduction reaction, and increase the material removal rate. The results will provide an important reference for the next researching the CMP slurry of 304 stainless steel.
A new learning algorithm based on strengthening boundary samples for convolutional neural networks
Authors: Zhou Dongning , Lu Lu , Zhao Junhong , Wang Dali , Lu Wenlian , Yang Jie
Published: November 2020

CNN is an artificial neural network that can automatically extract features with relatively few parameters, which is the advantage of CNN in image classification tasks. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new algorithm to improve the classification performance of CNN by strengthening boundary samples. The samples with predicted values near the classification boundary are recorded as hard samples. In this algorithm, the errors of hard samples are added as a penalty term of the original loss function. Multi-classification and binary classification experiments were performed using the MNIST data set and three sub-data sets of CIFAR-10, respectively. The experimental results prove that the accuracy of the new algorithm is improved in both binary classification and multi-classification problems.
Kurtosis Based Empirical Mode Decomposition for Rolling Bearing Fault Detection
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Xuhan
Published: November 2020

A bearing fault diagnosis approach based on spectral kurtosis and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is proposed. EMD is a signal decomposition technique, which can adaptively separate a number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) from the vibration signal according to the architectural characteristics of the data. The spectral kurtosis parameter takes as signal impulsive indicator. Firstly, EMD is utilized to process the sampling vibration signal. And then spectral kurtosis is calculated to select the optimal intrinsic mode functions, so as to suppress the noise and highlight the transient impact feature. Finally, the envelope spectrum is computed and the fault characteristic is recognized. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can identify bearing defects effectively and provide a reliable method for gearbox fault monitoring and diagnosis.
Design of steering system of a buggy
Authors: Santana Sanchez D. , Mostafa A.
Published: November 2020

The present paper discusses the design analysis and limitations of the steering system of a buggy. Many geometrical and performance characteristics of the designed steering system were considered to address the kinematic constraints and load carrying capacity of the steering elements. Ackremann geometry approach was used to assess the limiting steering angle, while Lewis bending formula with the inclusion of dynamic effects was employed to characterise the flexural properties of the rack and pinion steering system. Analytical results were numerically verified using ABAQUS/Explicit nonlinear finite element (FE) package. Good agreement has been achieved between analytical and numerical results in predicting the flexural behaviour of the steering rack and pinion system.
Coronavirus Pandemic – SARS-CoV-2 in Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery
Authors: Müller Michael , Stöckle Ulrich , Trampuz Andrej , Felix Stephan , Kramer Axel , Wassilew Georgi
Published: November 2020

The corona virus has spread worldwide since it first appeared in China and represents a pandemic of unprecedented magnitude. The pandemic has not only social and economic effects, but even more impressive effects on the health system. If the virus spreads uncontrollably and rapidly, there is a risk of an unpredictable increase of patients with COVID-19 disease requiring hospital treatment. The capacities of a hospital can quickly reach the limit and consequently patients can no longer be adequately treated. Therefore, in the acute phase of the pandemic, it is necessary to release all hospital resources for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Strict hygiene regulations must also be observed in order to prevent the virus from spreading unexpectedly in the hospital in order to protect patients and hospital staff. Elective operations and outpatient clinics must be cancelled in the acute phase. Special hygiene measures must be observed for urgent and unpostponable operations.
These relate to the admission of the patients, the accommodation in the ward and the operative care in the operating room. In the post-acute phase, a normal surgical program can be resumed step by step. In this phase, however, clear hygiene regulations must also be observed. Regular medical meetings taking into account the current pandemic situation and the occurrence of new infections must be carried out in the hospital and the occupancy of the ward and operating room adjusted accordingly. To what extent the situation for the treatment of patients in orthopedics and trauma surgery will normalize cannot be predicted at the present time.
Aufsuchende Krisenbehandlung mit teambasierter und integrierter Versorgung (AKtiV)
Authors: Baumgardt Johanna , Schwarz Julian , von Peter Sebastian , Holzke Martin , Längle Gerhard , Brieger Peter , Kilian Reinhold , Timm Jürgen , Heinze Martin , Weinmann Stefan , Bechdolf Andreas
Published: November 2020

Die stationsäquivalente Behandlung (StäB) ist eine besondere Form des international anerkannten und evidenzbasierten Home-Treatment. Als komplexe Intervention erfordert StäB im deutschen Kontext eine Evaluation auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen. Die quasi-experimentelle „AKtiV-Studie“ mit Propensity-Score-gematchter Kontrollgruppe entspricht dieser Forderung. Sie hat eine Laufzeit von 36 Monaten und wird vom Innovationsfonds des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss gefördert. In diesem Zeitraum werden neben der Untersuchung klassisch klinischer Endpunkte wie der stationären Wiederaufnahmerate, der Psychopathologie und Recovery-orientierten auch Fragen hinsichtlich der geeigneten Zielpopulationen, Implementierungsbedingungen, Behandlungsprozessen und Wirkfaktoren beantwortet. Dabei werden sowohl die Perspektiven von Patienten, Angehörigen und Mitarbeitenden als auch die Standpunkte und Erfahrungen von Akteuren aus Politik und Selbstverwaltung eruiert. Damit kann erwartet werden, dass die Studienergebnisse für ein breites Publikum interessant sein und zur praxiswirksamen Weiterentwicklung des StäB-Modells beitragen können. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird das Mixed-Methods-Design der AktiV-Studie vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Barrieren bei der Antragstellung zur onkologischen Rehabilitation: Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Expertenbefragung
Authors: Dresch Carolin , Bartsch Hans Helge , Kurlemann Ulrich , Maiwald Phillip , Rademaker AnnaLena , Valentini Jan , Joos Stefanie , Heidt Vitali , Weis Joachim
Published: November 2020

Ziel der Studie In dieser von der Deutschen Rentenversicherung (DRV) Bund geförderten Studie wurden Barrieren bei der Antragstellung zu onkologischen Rehabilitationsleistungen aus Sicht von verschiedenen Expertengruppen untersucht.

Methodik In einer exploratorischen multizentrischen qualitativen Querschnittsstudie wurden 61 teilstrukturierte Interviews mit in der onkologischen Versorgung tätigen Experten durchgeführt: Ärzte (n=26), Sozialarbeiter (n=22), Psychologen/Psychoonkologen (n=6), Pflegepersonal/Medizinische Fachangestellte (n=5), Verwaltungsangestellte der DRV (n=2). Mittels eines Leitfadens wurden die Teilnehmer zu ihren Erfahrungen mit Reha-Anträgen sowie ihren Einschätzungen und Bewertungen bezüglich möglicher Barrieren im Prozess der Antragstellung befragt. Die Auswertung der Interviewdaten erfolgte EDV-gestützt nach der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von Mayring.

Ergebnisse Die Befragten waren im Mittel 52,51 Jahre alt (SD=10,06; min=25, max=71) und arbeiteten im Durchschnitt seit 19,26 Jahren (SD=10,15; min=1, max=42) in der Beratung oder Behandlung von onkologischen Patienten. Insgesamt wurden 854 Aussagen codiert und den folgenden drei Hauptkategorien zugeordnet: Expertenbezogene, Systembezogene und Patientenbezogene Barrieren. Zentral in der erstgenannten Hauptkategorie war die Skepsis bezüglich des Nutzens von Rehabilitationsleistungen und ein unzureichend gedeckter Informationsbedarf aufseiten der Experten. In der Hauptkategorie Systembezogene Barrieren wurden Aspekte erwähnt, die das Antragsverfahren, die geringe Verfügbarkeit z. B. von ambulanten Reha-Angeboten sowie die Abwesenheit eines funktionierenden Zuweisungssystems thematisierten. Die Hauptkategorie Patientenbezogene Barrieren umfasste psychosoziale Faktoren, wie bspw. verschiedene Themen der Krankheitsverarbeitung, wie den Wunsch des Patienten nach Hause zu kommen und den Alltag wieder erleben zu können sowie die Angst, mit der Krankheit konfrontiert zu werden.

Schlussfolgerung Durch die explorative Studie konnten potenzielle Barrieren bei der Beantragung von onkologischen Rehabilitationsleistungen aus Expertensicht abgebildet werden. Die Befunde bilden insbesondere die Grundlage für ein multidimensionales Assessmentinstrument, mittels dessen die Barrieren standardisiert erfasst und individuelle Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet werden können.
Berufsbezogene Problemlagen und erwünschte Unterstützungsangebote bei chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen
Authors: Langbrandtner Jana , Steimann Gero , Reichel Christoph , Bokemeyer Bernd , Hüppe Angelika
Published: November 2020

Ziel der Studie Betroffene mit chronisch entzündlicher Darmerkrankung (CED) sind durch die spezifische Krankheitssymptomatik sowie psychosoziale Probleme oftmals in ihrer beruflichen Teilhabe und Arbeitsfähigkeit beeinträchtigt. Angezielt wurden eine multiperspektivische Exploration der berufsbezogenen Problemlagen von CED-Betroffenen sowie die Ableitung bedarfsgerechter Unterstützungsangebote für den rehabilitativen Sektor.

Methodik Dazu wurden Längsschnitt-Einzelinterviews mit erwerbstätigen CED-Rehabilitanden zu 2 Messzeitpunkten (N=12), Querschnitt-Einzelinterviews mit erwerbstätigen CED-Patienten in gastroenterologischer Facharztbetreuung (N=7), 4 Fokusgruppeninterviews mit Reha-Mitarbeitern (N=27) und leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews (N=8) durchgeführt. Die Auswertung der Interviewdaten erfolgte in MAXQDA mittels inhaltlich-strukturierender qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse.

Ergebnisse Die Aussagen der 4 unterschiedlichen Untersuchungsgruppen bilden ein ähnliches Gesamtspektrum der erwerbsbezogenen Probleme von CED-Betroffenen ab und weisen auf vielfältige körperliche und psychosoziale Beeinträchtigungen im Arbeitsleben hin. Berichtet werden körperliche wie kognitive Einschränkungen, Müdigkeit, Schmerzen und psychosoziale Barrieren, die oftmals mit einer reduzierten Leistungsfähigkeit am Arbeitsplatz verbunden sind. Hinzu treten Einschränkungen und Belastungen, die aus gesundheitsschädlichen berufsbezogenen Verhaltensweisen resultieren. Unter den erwerbstätigen Betroffenen zeigte sich ein erhöhter Bedarf an berufsbezogenen rehabilitativen Angeboten. Eine intensivere Ausrichtung der Reha-Inhalte auf berufliche Probleme sowie ein erweitertes Schulungs- und Beratungsangebot zur Aneignung bzw. zur Erweiterung persönlicher arbeitsrelevanter Kompetenzen waren für die meisten Betroffenen für eine weitere Teilhabe am Arbeitsleben von zentraler Bedeutung.

Schlussfolgerung Die Studienergebnisse bilden die Bandbreite von Problemen im Arbeitsleben von CED-Betroffenen ab und liefern wichtige Anhaltspunkte für die Entwicklung von bedarfsgerechten Unterstützungsangeboten im rehabilitativen Versorgungssektor. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die CED-Reha stärker auf die Bedürfnisse von chronisch kranken Erwerbstätigen zugeschnitten werden könnte. Standardmäßige Reha-Inhalte sollten mehr auf den Umgang mit Herausforderungen am Arbeitsplatz ausgerichtet werden. Ein stärkerer Berufsbezug sowie ein standardisiertes Screening auf berufsbezogene Probleme und eine kompetenzfördernde Ausrichtung der CED-Rehabilitation dürften das Spektrum bestehender Angebote erweitern und könnten mittel- bzw. langfristig zur Erhaltung der Erwerbstätigkeit beitragen.
The Effect of Immunosuppression on Selected Antioxidant Parameters in
Patients with Graves’ Disease with Active Thyroid-Associated
Orbitopathy
Authors: Londzin-Olesik Magdalena , Kos-Kudla Beata , Karpe Jacek , Nowak Aleksandra , Nowak Mariusz
Published: November 2020

Background and Study Aims Thyroid-associated orbitopathy, the most
common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease, is an
autoimmune inflammation of orbital soft tissue. We report the study
assessing the effect of immunosuppressive treatment with methylprednisolone
on selected antioxidant parameters in patients with Graves’ disease
with active thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Patients and Methods Activity and serum levels of selected antioxidant
parameters as well as lipid peroxidation products were determined in a group
of 56 patients with active thyroid-associated orbitopathy at three
time-points: at baseline, after the discontinuation of intravenous
methylprednisolone treatment and at 3 months after the discontinuation of
additional oral methylprednisolone treatment. A control group consisted of
20 healthy age- and sex-matched volunteers.

Results We found an increased activity of superoxide dismutase and
glutathione peroxidase and increased serum levels of uric acid,
malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes, as well as a reduced activity of
paraoxonase-1 and reduced serum vitamin C level in the study group at
baseline. Systemic intravenous and oral methylprednisolone therapy led to
normalization of activity and concentration of the most studied
parameters.

Conclusion Results of our study confirmed that oxidative stress is one
of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated
orbitopathy and the methyloprednisolone treatment is effective in reducing
both clinical symptoms and oxidative stress in patients with this
disease.
Hepatocellular carcinoma with right atrial tumor thrombus
Authors: Guo Yi-Xian
Published: November 2020

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma with right atrial tumor thrombus is uncommon but with a dismal prognosis.

Methods By comprehensive retrieval of literature published between 2000 and 2019, 53 reports were obtained with 187 patients recruited into this study. The extracted data included patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, treatment, follow-up and outcomes. Statistical analyses applied were student t, Fisher exact and I2 tests. Patients were devided into 6 groups according to treatment of choices: transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, interventional treatment and supportive care.

Results The overall survival rate of this cohort was 40.8 %. The survival rate of patients receiving TACE was 33.3 % and that of surgical patients was 41.9 %. The survival time of patients with TACE was longer than surgical patients, but lack of a statistical significance. Patients had a follow-up of 15.7 ± 16.6 (median 10) months. The patients receiving radiotherapy had the longest follow-up among all groups. Intra- and/or extrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma was the major morbidity. The mortality rates in a decremental sequence for patients receiving different treatments were supportive care > radiotherapy > surgery > TACE > interventional treatment. No difference was found in mortality between patients reported from case reports and those from non-case reports.

Conclusions Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with right atrial thrombus is an aggressive malignancy. Based on the results of median survival time, radiotherapy and TACE seemed to be associated with an improved prognosis and possible better survival.
Online-Rehabedarfstest (OREST): Wirksamkeit einer Einladung zu einem
proaktiven Screening (Selbsttest) auf Bedarf an medizinischen
Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen bei Versicherten der Deutschen Rentenversicherung
Baden-Württemberg und Rheinland
Authors: Schlöffel Malgorzata , Kampling Hanna , Fichtner Urs , Farin-Glattacker Erik , Pollmann Hartmut , Mittag Oskar
Published: November 2020

Ziel der Studie Eine proaktive Suche nach möglichem Reha-Bedarf seitens
der 13 Rehabilitationsträger findet in Deutschland kaum statt, obwohl in einigen
Versichertengruppen ungedeckter Reha-Bedarf vermutet wird. Vor diesem
Hintergrund wurde die Wirksamkeit der Einladung zu einem webbasierten Selbsttest
auf Reha-Bedarf als neuer Zugangsweg in die medizinische Rehabilitation
evaluiert. Die Arbeitshypothese war, dass die Intervention zu mehr bewilligten
Rehabilitationsanträgen im Nachbeobachtungszeitraum von 22 Monaten führt und
sich dieser Effekt auch nach Kontrolle weiterer Einflussgrößen zeigt.

Methodik Zur Wirksamkeitsprüfung wurde eine randomisierte, kontrollierte
Studie mit N=8000 Versicherten zweier regionaler Rentenversicherungsträger
durchgeführt. Versicherte der Interventionsgruppe (IG; n=4000) wurden postalisch
über den Selbsttest informiert und erhielten individuelle Zugangsdaten hierzu
(Benutzer-ID und PIN). Die Kontrollgruppe (KG; n=4000) erhielt keine
Informationen über den Selbsttest. Primäres Outcome war die Rate bewilligter
Reha-Anträge, sekundäres Outcome die Antragsrate ungeachtet der Bewilligung.

Ergebnisse IG und KG unterscheiden sich weder bzgl. des primären noch des
sekundären Outcomes signifikant voneinander. Auch nach Kontrolle weiterer
Einflussgrößen trägt die Intervention nicht zur Vorhersage der Outcomes bei.
Einige Kontrollvariablen wie die Reha-Vorerfahrung erweisen sich jedoch als
bedeutsame Prädiktoren für die Antragstellung.

Schlussfolgerung Das bloße Angebot eines Selbsttests auf Reha-Bedarf
durch den Rentenversicherungsträger wirkt sich nicht auf das Antragsgeschehen
aus. Ein Brief des Rentenversicherungsträgers als alleinige Zugangsart erscheint
somit nicht geeignet, um eine Erhöhung der Rate sinnvoller Reha-Anträge zu
erreichen.
A neural network-based algorithm for assessing the cleanliness of small bowel during capsule endoscopy
Authors: Histace Aymeric , Dray Xavier , Leenhardt Romain , Souchaud Marc , Houist Guy , Le Mouel Jean-Philippe , Saurin Jean-Christophe , Cholet Franck , Rahmi Gabriel , Leandri Chloé
Published: November 2020

Background Cleanliness scores in small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) have poor reproducibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate a neural network-based algorithm for automated assessment of small-bowel cleanliness during capsule endoscopy.

Methods 600 normal third-generation SBCE still frames were categorized as “adequate” or “inadequate” in terms of cleanliness by three expert readers, according to a 10-point scale, and served as a training database. Then, 156 third-generation SBCE recordings were categorized in a consensual manner as “adequate” or “inadequate” in terms of cleanliness; this testing database was split into two independent 78-video subsets for the tuning and evaluation of the algorithm, respectively.

Results Using a threshold of 79 % “adequate” still frames per video to achieve the best performance, the algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 90.3 %, specificity of 83.3 %, and accuracy of 89.7 %. The reproducibility was perfect. The mean calculation time per video was 3 (standard deviation 1) minutes.

Conclusion This neural network-based algorithm allowing automatic assessment of small-bowel cleanliness during capsule endoscopy was highly sensitive and paves the way for automated, standardized SBCE reports.
Acute Seizures—Work-Up and Management in Children
Authors: Romantseva Lubov , Lin Nan
Published: November 2020

Seizures are common in the pediatric population; however, most children do not go on to develop epilepsy later in life. Selecting appropriate diagnostic modalities to determine an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment as well as with counseling families regarding the etiology and prognosis of seizures, is essential. This article will review updated definitions of seizures, including provoked versus unprovoked, as well as the International League Against Epilepsy operational definition of epilepsy. A variety of specific acute symptomatic seizures requiring special consideration are discussed, along with neonatal seizures and seizure mimics, which are common in pediatric populations.
14.5.3 3-Oxidopyrylium Salts and Their Thio and Benzo-Fused Analogues (Update 2020)
Authors: Jiang B. , Zhu C.-F.
Published: November 2020

This chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 14.5) describing methods for the synthesis of 3-oxidopyrylium salts and their thio and benzo-fused analogues. It focuses on the literature published in the period 2004–2019.
14.4.16 1H-2-Benzopyran-1-ones (Update 2020)
Authors: Gao W.-C. , Tian J.
Published: November 2020

This chapter is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution (Section 14.4.5) describing methods for the preparation of 1H-2-benzopyran-1-ones (isocoumarins) and their derivatives. The methods covered come from the literature published in the period 2003–2019.
Investigating fractal dimension, heart rate variability, and memory during different image sequencing regimes in young adults
Authors: Aguillard David , Zarubin Vanessa , Wilson Caroline , Steinmetz Katherine R. Mickley , Martsberger Carolyn
Published: November 2020

The goal of this study is to investigate patterns that emerge in brain and heart signals in response to external stimulating image regimes. Data were collected from 84 subjects of ages 18–22. Subjects viewed a series of both neutrally and negatively arousing pictures during 2-min and 18-s-long segments repeated nine times. Both brain [electroencephalogram (EEG)] and heart signals [electrocardiogram (EKG)] were recorded for the duration of the study (ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 h) and analyzed using nonlinear techniques. Specifically, the fractal dimension was computed from the EEG to determine how this voltage trace is related to the image sequencing. Our results showed that subjects visually stimulated by a series of mixed images (a randomized set of neutrally or negatively arousing images) had a significantly higher fractal dimension compared to subjects visually triggered by pure images (an organized set of either all neutral or all negatively arousing images). In addition, our results showed that subjects who performed better on memory recall had a higher fractal dimension computed from the EEG. Analysis of EKG also showed greater heart rate variability in subjects who viewed a series of mixed images compared to subjects visually triggered by pure images. Overall, our results show that the healthy brain and heart are responsive to environmental stimuli that promote adaptability, flexibility, and agility.
L

∞

-algebras of Einstein–Cartan–Palatini gravity
Authors: Dimitrijević Ćirić Marija , Giotopoulos Grigorios , Radovanović Voja , Szabo Richard J.
Published: November 2020

We give a detailed account of the cyclic L∞-algebra formulation of general relativity with a cosmological constant in the Einstein–Cartan–Palatini formalism on spacetimes of arbitrary dimension and signature, which encompasses all symmetries, field equations, and Noether identities of gravity without matter fields. We present a local formulation as well as a global covariant framework, and an explicit isomorphism between the two L∞-algebras in the case of parallelizable spacetimes. By duality, we show that our L∞-algebras describe the complete Batalin-Vilkovisky-Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin formulation of Einstein–Cartan–Palatini gravity. We give a general description of how to extend on-shell redundant symmetries in topological gauge theories to off-shell correspondences between symmetries in terms of quasi-isomorphisms of L∞-algebras. We use this to extend the on-shell equivalence between gravity and Chern–Simons theory in three dimensions to an explicit L∞-quasi-isomorphism between differential graded Lie algebras, which applies off-shell and for degenerate dynamical metrics. In contrast, we show that there is no morphism between the L∞-algebra underlying gravity and the differential graded Lie algebra governing BF theory in four dimensions.
High action gas switches
Authors: Kharlov A. V.
Published: November 2020

High action, high voltage closing switches are the key components of pulsed power systems based on high energy capacitor banks, primarily used for high power lasers, electromagnetic accelerators, high pulsed magnetic field facilities, crushing materials, and electromagnetic compatibility tests. There are several options for closing switches, including ignitrons, vacuum switches, pseudo-spark switches, solid-state switches, and high pressure gas switches (spark gaps). Spark switches are currently the most used due to their relatively simple design, reliability, and ease of maintenance and repair. The main disadvantage of spark gaps is a limited lifetime, which is directly or indirectly related to the erosion of the electrodes. To prevent erosion of the electrodes, multichannel switches and switches with movement of the discharge channel were proposed. In this Review, both types of switches are considered.
Fire-hose instability of inhomogeneous plasma flows with heat fluxes
Authors: Uchava E. S. , Tevzadze A. G. , Shergelashvili B. M. , Dzhalilov N. S. , Poedts S.
Published: November 2020

We study the effects of heat flows and velocity shear on the parallel firehose instability in weakly collisional plasma flow. For this purpose, we apply an anisotropic 16-moment MHD fluid closure model that takes into account the pressure and temperature anisotropy, as well as the effect of anisotropic heat flux. The linear stability analysis of the firehose modes is carried out in the incompressible limit, where the MHD flow is parallel to the background magnetic field, while the velocity is sheared in the direction transverse to the flow direction. It seems that an increase in the velocity shear parameter leads to higher growth rates of the firehose instability. The increase in the instability growth rate is most profound for perturbations with oblique wave-numbers k⊥/k∥<1. Combined action of the velocity shear and heat fluxes introduces an asymmetry of the instability growth in the shear plane: perturbations with wave-vectors with a component in the direction of the velocity shear grow significantly stronger as compared to those with components in the opposite direction. We discuss the implications of the presented study on the observable features of the solar wind and possible measurements of local parameters of the solar wind based on the stability constraints set by the firehose instability.
Complex mode-locking oscillations and Stern–Brocot derivation tree in a CSTR reaction with impulsive perturbations
Authors: Rao Xiao-Bo , Chu Yan-Dong , Zhang Jian-Gang , Gao Jian-She
Published: November 2020

A complex mode-locking (entrainment) topology underlying the continuous stirred tank reactor reaction model subjected to impulsive perturbations is identified. Employing high-resolution stability diagrams, we exhibit the global structure of mode-locking oscillations and describe how they are interconnected and how their complexity unfolds with control parameters varying. The scenarios shown in the bi-parametric planes revealed that the skeleton of Arnold’s tongues is organized according to the symmetric Stern–Brocot sum tree. Moreover, the mode-locking organization is controlled by an invariant torus (a pair of frequencies) initiated from Hopf bifurcations. Interestingly, the mode-locking order is unfolded in an elusive way, that is, in perfect agreement with the reciprocal of the Stern–Brocot sum tree. The findings reported here contribute to providing a description and classification of mode-locking oscillations for the impulsive system.
Enhancement of luminescence of quantum emitters in epsilon-near-zero waveguides
Authors: So Jin-Kyu , Yuan Guang Hui , Soci Cesare , Zheludev Nikolay I.
Published: November 2020

We report a resonant enhancement of luminescence intensity from an ensemble of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots embedded in a nanoscale rectangular photonic waveguide operating in the cutoff regime and therefore experimentally demonstrate the recently predicted phenomenon of increase in the emission rate of an ensemble of quantum emitters in the epsilon-near-zero environment.