bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design on a Composite Mobile System for Exploration Robot
Authors: Shang Weiyan , Yang Canjun , Liu Yunping , Wang Junming
Published: January 2016

In order to accomplish exploration missions in complex environments, a new type of robot has been designed. By analyzing the characteristics of typical moving systems, a new mobile system which is named wheel-tracked moving system (WTMS) has been presented. Then by virtual prototype simulation, the new system’s ability to adapt complex environments has been verified. As the curve of centroid acceleration changes in large amplitude in this simulation, ride performance of this robot has been studied. Firstly, a simplified dynamic model has been established, and then by affecting factors analysis on ride performance, an optimization model for suspension parameters has been presented. Using NSGA-II method, a set of nondominated solutions for suspension parameters has been gotten, and by weighing the importance of the objective function, an optimal solution has been selected to be applied on suspension design. As the wheel-tracked exploration robot has been designed and manufactured, the property test has been conducted. By testing on physical prototype, the robot’s ability to surmount complex terrain has been verified. Design of the wheel-tracked robot will provide a stable platform for field exploration tasks, and in addition, the certain configuration and suspension parameters optimization method will provide reference to other robot designs.
Laparoscopic Resection of Cholecystocolic Fistula and Subtotal Cholecystectomy by Tri-Staple in a Type V Mirizzi Syndrome
Authors: Yetişir Fahri , Şarer Akgün Ebru , Acar Hasan Zafer , Parlak Omer , Basaran Basar , Yazıcıoğlu Omer
Published: January 2016

The Mirizzi syndrome (MS) is an impacted stone in the cystic duct or Hartmann’s pouch that mechanically obstructs the common bile duct (CBD). We would like to report laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (SC) and resection of cholecystocolic fistula by the help of Tri-Staple™in a case with type V MS and cholecystocolic fistula, for first time in the literature. A 24-year-old man was admitted to emergency department with the complaint of abdominal pain, intermittent fever, jaundice, and diarrhea. Two months ago with the same complaint, ERCP was performed. Laparoscopic resection of cholecystocolic fistula and subtotal cholecystectomy were performed by the help of Tri-Staple. At the eight-month follow-up, he was symptom-free with normal liver function tests. In a patient with type V MS and cholecystocolic fistula, laparoscopic resection of cholecystocolic fistula and SC can be performed by using Tri-Staple safely.
The Improved Overhearing Backup AODV Protocol in MANET
Authors: Zamani Elham , Soltanaghaei Mohammadreza
Published: January 2016

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is one of the most widely used networks, which has attracted attentions, having features such as limited energy resources, limited bandwidth, and security weaknesses due to lack of a central infrastructure. Safe and suitable routing is one of the research aspects of MANET. In this paper, a proposed method, called M-AODV, which is a type of overhearing backup protocol, based on AODV, is presented. The simulation results of this protocol, applied by NS2 simulator, showed the improvement of packet delivery rate and reduction of overhead and delay. Moreover, to assess the security of the proposed protocol, we simulated M-AODV and AODV protocols under black hole and wormhole attacks, using no security solution. The results showed that M-AODV had been improved in terms of packet delivery ratio, and the delay had been reduced as well, but the amount of overhead had been increased.
Vascular Health in American Football Players: Cardiovascular Risk Increased in Division III Players
Authors: Feairheller Deborah L. , Aichele Kristin R. , Oakman Joyann E. , Neal Michael P. , Cromwell Christina M. , Lenzo Jessica M. , Perez Avery N. , Bye Naomi L. , Santaniello Erica L. , Hill Jessica A. , Evans Rachel C. , Thiele Karla A. , Chavis Lauren N. , Getty Allyson K. , Wisdo Tia R. , McClelland JoAnna M. , Sturgeon Kathleen , Chlad Pam
Published: January 2016

Studies report that football players have high blood pressure (BP) and increased cardiovascular risk. There are over 70,000 NCAA football players and 450 Division III schools sponsor football programs, yet limited research exists on vascular health of athletes. This study aimed to compare vascular and cardiovascular health measures between football players and nonathlete controls. Twenty-three athletes and 19 nonathletes participated. Vascular health measures included flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). Cardiovascular measures included clinic and 24 hr BP levels, body composition,VO2 max, and fasting glucose/cholesterol levels. Compared to controls, football players had a worse vascular and cardiovascular profile. Football players had thicker carotid artery IMT (0.49 ± 0.06 mm versus 0.46 ± 0.07 mm) and larger brachial artery diameter during FMD (4.3±0.5 mm versus3.7±0.6 mm), but no difference in percent FMD. Systolic BP was significantly higher in football players at all measurements: resting (128.2±6.4 mmHg versus122.4±6.8 mmHg), submaximal exercise (150.4±18.8 mmHg versus137.3±9.5 mmHg), maximal exercise (211.3±25.9 mmHg versus191.4±19.2 mmHg), and 24-hour BP (124.9±6.3 mmHg versus109.8±3.7 mmHg). Football players also had higher fasting glucose (91.6±6.5 mg/dL versus86.6±5.8 mg/dL), lower HDL (36.5±11.2 mg/dL versus47.1±14.8 mg/dL), and higher body fat percentage (29.2±7.9% versus23.2±7.0%). Division III collegiate football players remain an understudied population and may be at increased cardiovascular risk.
Essure Surgical Removal and Subsequent Resolution of Chronic Pelvic Pain: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lora Alcantara Isamarie , Rezai Shadi , Kirby Catherine , Chadee Annika , Henderson Cassandra E. , Elmadjian Malvina
Published: January 2016

Background. Hysteroscopic tubal sterilization (Essure) is a minimally invasive option for permanent contraception with high reported rates of patient satisfaction. A small percentage of these women subsequently choose to have the tubal inserts removed due to regret or perceived side effects such as late-onset pelvic pain secondary to placement of the Essure device.Case. A twenty-nine-year-old woman G4P4014 presented with a two-year complaint of chronic pelvic pain and dyspareunia after the hysteroscopic placement of an Essure device for sterilization. On reviewing the images of the HSG, it was noted that although tubal occlusion was confirmed, the left Essure coil appeared curved on itself in an elliptical fashion and did not seem to follow the expected anatomic trajectory of the fallopian tube. The patient reported resolution of chronic pelvic pain following laparoscopic removal of Essure device.Conclusion. A misplaced Essure device should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain in women who had difficult placement of the device. In addition to demonstrating tubal occlusion, careful examination of the configuration of the Essure microinserts on HSG examination provides valuable information in patients with pelvic pain after Essure placement.
Positional Nystagmus in Patients Evaluated for Dizziness and Imbalance
Authors: Roberts Richard A. , Bittel Samuel N. , Gans Richard E.
Published: January 2016

There is variability in the literature regarding the presence of positional nystagmus in healthy participants with reportedly normal vestibular and central nervous system function. This ranges from 7.5% to 88% and raises an important clinical question. If 88% of healthy participants have positional nystagmus then how is the clinician to interpret the presence of positional nystagmus in a patient presenting with dizziness and/or disequilibrium? The primary purpose of this investigation was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of positional nystagmus in patients evaluated specifically for dizziness and imbalance. Data was collected using retrospective chart review. 200 charts were randomly selected from all patients seen for evaluation of dizziness and imbalance over a period of eight months. Clinicians independently reviewed the data from positional testing for each chart. Nystagmus was present if there was a clear slow and fast phase component and there were three beats in a 10 s time window. Nystagmus direction and intensity data were collected. Results indicate positional nystagmus is present in 10.5% to 21% of patients evaluated for dizziness and imbalance. Use of liberal criteria for determining presence of positional nystagmus (i.e., 3 beats in 20 sec) may account for higher prevalence rates across other studies.
Symbiotic N2-Fixation Estimated by the15N Tracer Technique and Growth ofPueraria phaseoloides(Roxb.) Benth. Inoculated withBradyrhizobiumStrain in Field Conditions
Authors: Sarr Papa Saliou , Okon Judith Wase , Begoude Didier Aime Boyogueno , Araki Shigeru , Ambang Zachée , Shibata Makoto , Funakawa Shinya
Published: January 2016

This field experiment was established in Eastern Cameroon to examine the effect of selected rhizobial inoculation on N2-fixation and growth ofPueraria phaseoloides. Treatments consisted of noninoculated andBradyrhizobium yuanmingenseS3-4-inoculatedPuerariawith three replications each.Ipomoea batatasas a non-N2-fixing reference was interspersed in eachPuerariaplot. All the twelve plots received 2 gN/m2of15N ammonium sulfate 10% atom excess. At harvest, dry matter yields and the nitrogen derived from atmospheric N2-fixation (%Ndfa) of inoculatedPuerariawere significantly (P<0.05) higher (81% and 10.83%, resp.) than those of noninoculatedPueraria. The inoculation enhanced nodule dry weight 2.44-fold. Consequently, the harvested N significantly (P<0.05) increased by 83% in inoculatedPueraria, resulting from the increase in N2-fixation and soil N uptake. A loss of 55 to 60% of the N fertilizer was reported, and 36 to 40% of it was immobilized in soil. Here, we demonstrated that both N2-fixing potential ofP. phaseoloidesand soil N uptake are improved through field inoculations using efficient bradyrhizobial species. In practice, the inoculation contributes to maximize N input in soils by the cover crop’s biomass and represent a good strategy to improve soil fertility for subsequent cultivation.
Beta Lactamase ProducingClostridium perfringensBacteremia in an Elderly Man with Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Mishra Rashmi , Sinha Nupur , Duncalf Richard
Published: January 2016

Clostridium perfringensbacteremia is associated with adverse outcomes. Known risk factors include chronic kidney disease, malignancy, diabetes mellitus, and gastrointestinal disease. We present a 74-year-old man admitted with confusion, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Exam revealed tachycardia, hypotension, lethargy, distended abdomen, and cold extremities. He required intubation and aggressive resuscitation for septic shock. Laboratory data showed leukocytosis, metabolic acidosis, acute kidney injury, and elevated lipase. CT scan of abdomen revealed acute pancreatitis and small bowel ileus. He was started on vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam. Initial blood cultures were positive forC. perfringenson day five. Metronidazole and clindamycin were added to the regimen. Repeat CT (day 7) revealed pancreatic necrosis. The patient developed profound circulatory shock requiring multiple vasopressors, renal failure requiring dialysis, and bacteremia with vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Hemodynamic instability precluded surgical intervention and he succumbed to multiorgan failure. Interestingly, our isolate was beta lactamase producing. We review the epidemiology, risk factors, presentation, and management ofC. perfringensbacteremia. This case indicates a need for high clinical suspicion for clostridial sepsis and that extended spectrum beta lactam antibiotic coverage may be inadequate and should be supplemented with use of clindamycin or metronidazole if culture is positive, until sensitivities are known.
Leprosy Continues to Occur in Hilly Areas of North India
Authors: Dimri Deepak , Gupta Arti , Singh Amit Kumar
Published: January 2016

Background. The aim of present study was to describe the profile of leprosy patients attending the outpatient department of dermatology in tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Uttarakhand, North India.Methodology. This descriptive retrospective study. Patient data at the time of diagnosis were retrieved onto a predesigned proforma, which concerned the following variables at the time of registration: age, sex, and residence. Newly registered outpatients leprosy cases between 2009 and 2014 were included in the study.Results. It was found that 65 were multibacillary leprosy cases. Males constituted 62.8% of all leprosy cases. The majority (83.7%) belonged to the age group of 18–60 years. Of the total 48.8% of the new leprosy cases were from the Pauri district. The leprosy incidence rate in this population was 2.71 per 1000 patients.Conclusion. Leprosy still continues to be a communicable disease of concern. The lower incidence in women and children provokes the need to strengthen contact screening, early case detection, and referral activities in the population to sustain elimination.
Measuring Gas Concentration and Wind Intensity in a Turbulent Wind Tunnel with a Mobile Robot
Authors: Martínez Dani , Moreno Javier , Tresanchez Marcel , Clotet Eduard , Jiménez-Soto Juan Manuel , Magrans Rudys , Pardo Antonio , Marco Santiago , Palacín Jordi
Published: January 2016

This paper presents the measurement of gas concentration and wind intensity performed with a mobile robot in a custom turbulent wind tunnel designed for experimentation with customizable wind and gas leak sources. This paper presents the representation in different information layers of the measurements obtained in the turbulent wind tunnel under different controlled environmental conditions in order to describe the plume of the gas and wind intensities inside the experimentation chamber. The information layers have been generated from the measurements gathered by individual onboard gas and wind sensors carried out by an autonomous mobile robot. On the one hand, the assumption was that the size and cost of these specialized sensors do not allow the creation of a net of sensors or other measurement alternatives based on the simultaneous use of several sensors, and on the other hand, the assumption is that the information layers created will have application on the development and test of automatic gas source location procedures based on reactive or nonreactive algorithms.
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Regulates PPAR’s Levels in Stem Cells-Derived Adipocytes
Authors: Vanella Luca , Tibullo Daniele , Godos Justyna , Pluchinotta Francesca Romana , Di Giacomo Claudia , Sorrenti Valeria , Acquaviva Rosaria , Russo Alessandra , Li Volti Giovanni , Barbagallo Ignazio
Published: January 2016

Hypertrophic obesity inhibits activation of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), considered the key mediator of the fully differentiated and insulin sensitive adipocyte phenotype. We examined the effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (Cape), isolated from propolis, a honeybee hive product, on Adipose Stem Cells (ASCs) differentiation to the adipocyte lineage. Finally we tested the effects of Cape on insulin-resistant adipocytes. Quantification of Oil Red O-stained cells showed that lipid droplets decreased following Cape treatment as well as radical oxygen species formation. Additionally, exposure of ASC to high glucose levels decreased adiponectin and increased proinflammatory cytokines mRNA levels, which were reversed by Cape-mediated increase of insulin sensitivity. Cape treatment resulted in decreased triglycerides synthesis and increased beta-oxidation. Exposure of ASCs to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced a reduction of PPARγ, an increase of IL-6 levels associated with a well-known stimulation of lipolysis; Cape partially attenuated the LPS-mediated effects. These observations reveal the main role of PPARγin the adipocyte function and during ASC differentiation. As there is now substantial interest in functional food and nutraceutical products, the observed therapeutic value of Cape in insulin-resistance related diseases should be taken into consideration.
Evaluation of Early Markers of Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: De Muro Pierina , Lepedda Antonio Junior , Nieddu Gabriele , Idini Michela , Tram Nguyen Hai Quy , Lobina Omar , Fresu Pietro , Formato Marilena
Published: January 2016

Aims. T2DM often remains undiagnosed for many years because hyperglycemia develops gradually and may not produce any symptoms. As patients with T2DM are at increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications, the preclinical diagnosis of the state is the key point of the disease management.Methods. We evaluated parameters such as GAGs/PGs, NAG, and NGAL in urine samples from 43 normoalbuminuric T2DM patients and 31 apparently healthy control subjects.Results. The total urinary GAG excretion showed no significant differences between patients and controls. The electrophoretic analysis evidenced the presence of UTI and its degradation products (LSC and SM-LSC), CS, and HS. We observed modifications of HS and total UTI (including UTI and its degradation products) relative contents in T2DM patients compared with controls whereas no differences in CS percentage were found. NGAL levels were significantly increased in T2DM patients and were positively correlated with both NAG (r=0.606,p<0.0001) and the presence of hypertension (r=0.352,p<0.05).Conclusions. These data suggest that the assessed molecules could represent useful markers to detect early renal impairment in patients with T2DM.
Compound Generalized Function Projective Synchronization for Fractional-Order Chaotic Systems
Authors: Yang Chunde , Cai Hao , Zhou Ping
Published: January 2016

A modified function projective synchronization for fractional-order chaotic system, called compound generalized function projective synchronization (CGFPS), is proposed theoretically in this paper. There are one scaling-drive system, more than one base-drive system, and one response system in the scheme of CGFPS, and the scaling function matrices come from multidrive systems. The proposed CGFPS technique is based on the stability theory of fractional-order system. Moreover, we achieve the CGFPS between three-driver chaotic systems, that is, the fractional-order Arneodo chaotic system, the fractional-order Chen chaotic system, and the fractional-order Lu chaotic system, and one response chaotic system, that is, the fractional-order Lorenz chaotic system. Numerical experiments are demonstrated to verify the effectiveness of the CGFPS scheme.
Juxtarenal Modular Aortic Stent Graft Infection Caused byStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: Novotný Róbert , Mitáš Petr , Hlubocký Jaroslav , Hrubý Ján , Slautin Andrey , Špunda Rudolf , Lindner Jaroslav
Published: January 2016

Introduction. We are presenting a case report of an infected modular abdominal stent graft.Case Presentation. A 67-year-old male patient three years after Cook’s modular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) graft implantation for juxtarenal AAA with an implantation of a stent extension into the right common iliac artery for type Ib endoleak. The patient was admitted into our center in severe condition with suspected retroperitoneal bleeding. Computed tomography angiography (CTAG) confirmed retroperitoneal bleeding in the right common iliac artery. An urgent surgical revision was indicated; destructed arterial wall around the stent extension in the right common iliac artery was discovered. Due to the severe state of health of the patient, a resection of the infected stent and affected arterial wall was performed, followed by an iliac-femoral crossover bypass. The patient was transported to the intensive care unit with hepatic and renal failure, with maximal catecholamine support. Combined antibiotic treatment was started. The patient died five hours after the procedure. The cause of death was multiorgan failure caused by sepsis. Hemocultures and perioperative microbiological cultures showed the infection agent to beStaphylococcus aureusmethicillin sensitive.Conclusion. Stent graft infection is a rare complication. Treatment is associated with high mortality and morbidity.
A New Type of Compositive Information Entropy for IvIFS and Its Applications
Authors: Mao Junjun , Zhao Yuan , Ma Chuang
Published: January 2016

We first show the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy entropy which reflects intuitionism and fuzziness of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (IvIFS) based on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy cross-entropy. As for intuitionism and fuzziness of IvIFS, we propose interval-valued intuitionistic entropy and interval-valued fuzzy entropy, respectively. Furthermore, we establish the interval-valued span entropy describing the uncertainty of membership degree and nonmembership degree and show some concrete measure formulas. Combining intuitionistic factor, fuzzy factor, and span factor, we ultimately put forward the axiomatic definition of the compositive entropy and give a measure formula of compositive entropy. In addition, the effectiveness of the compositive entropy measure is illuminated by comparison with other entropy measures. Furthermore, the compositive entropy is applied to multiple attributes’ decision-making by using the weighted correlation coefficient between IvIFSs and pattern recognition by a similarity measure transformed from the compositive entropy.
Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis: A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Kaur Ravinder , Lavanya S. , Khurana Nita , Gulati Achal , Dhakad Megh S.
Published: January 2016

The study was conducted to study the occurrence and clinical presentation of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), characterize the same, and correlate with the microbiological profile. Clinically suspected cases of fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) depending upon their clinical presentation, nasal endoscopy, and radiological evidences were included. Relevant clinical samples were collected and subjected to direct microscopy and culture and histopathological examination. 35 patients were diagnosed to have AFRS. The average age was 28.4 years with a range of 18–48 years. Allergic mucin was seen in all the AFRS patients but fungal hyphae were detected in only 20%. 80% of cases were positive for IgE. All the patients had nasal obstruction followed by nasal discharge (62.8%). Polyps were seen in 95% (unilateral (48.57%) and bilateral (45.71%)), deviated nasal septum was seen in 28.57%, and greenish yellow secretion was seen in 17.14%. Direct microscopy and septate hyphae were positive in 71.42% of cases. 91.4% of cases were positive by culture. 5.7% yielded mixed growth ofA. flavusandA. niger. Prompt clinical suspicion with specific signs and symptoms along with timely sampling of the adequate patient specimens and the optimal and timely processing by microscopy and culture and histopathological examination is a must for early diagnosis and management.
QoE-Driven, Energy-Aware Video Adaptation in 5G Networks: The SELFNET Self-Optimisation Use Case
Authors: Nightingale James , Wang Qi , Alcaraz Calero Jose M. , Chirivella-Perez Enrique , Ulbricht Marian , Alonso-López Jesús A. , Preto Ricardo , Batista Tiago , Teixeira Tiago , Barros Maria Joao , Reinsch Christiane
Published: January 2016

Sharp increase of video traffic is expected to account for the majority of traffic in future 5G networks. This paper introduces the SELFNET 5G project and describes the video streaming use case that will be used to demonstrate the self-optimising capabilities of SELFNET's autonomic network management framework. SELFNET's framework will provide an advanced self-organizing network (SON) underpinned by seamless integration of Software Defined Networking (SDN), Network Function Virtualization (NFV), and network intelligence. The self-optimisation video streaming use case is going beyond traditional quality of service approaches to network management. A set of monitoring and analysis components will facilitate a user-oriented, quality of experience (QoE) and energy-aware approach. Firstly, novel SON-Sensors will monitor both traditional network state metrics and new video and energy related metrics. The combination of these low level metrics provides highly innovative health of network (HoN) composite metrics. HoN composite metrics are processed via autonomous decisions not only maintaining but also proactively optimising users' video QoE while minimising the end-to-end energy consumption of the 5G network. This contribution provided a detailed technical overview of this ambitious use case.
Patch-Based Segmentation with Spatial Consistency: Application to MS Lesions in Brain MRI
Authors: Mechrez Roey , Goldberger Jacob , Greenspan Hayit
Published: January 2016

This paper presents an automatic lesion segmentation method based on similarities between multichannel patches. A patch database is built using training images for which the label maps are known. For each patch in the testing image,ksimilar patches are retrieved from the database. The matching labels for thesekpatches are then combined to produce an initial segmentation map for the test case. Finally an iterative patch-based label refinement process based on the initial segmentation map is performed to ensure the spatial consistency of the detected lesions. The method was evaluated in experiments on multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion segmentation in magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain. An evaluation was done for each image in the MICCAI 2008 MS lesion segmentation challenge. Results are shown to compete with the state of the art in the challenge. We conclude that the proposed algorithm for segmentation of lesions provides a promising new approach for local segmentation and global detection in medical images.
Hypovitaminosis D3, Leukopenia, and Human Serotonin Transporter Polymorphism in Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa
Authors: Tasegian Anna , Curcio Francesco , Dalla Ragione Laura , Rossetti Francesca , Cataldi Samuela , Codini Michela , Ambesi-Impiombato Francesco Saverio , Beccari Tommaso , Albi Elisabetta
Published: January 2016

Vitamin D3 has been described to have different extraskeletal roles by acting as parahormone in obesity, diabetes, cancer, cognitive impairment, and dementia and to have important regulatory functions in innate immunity. There are no studies showing extraskeletal changes associated with hypovitaminosis D3 in eating disorders.Methods.We have analyzed the blood of 18 patients affected by anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa collected over a 15-month period. We performed a panel of chemical and clinical analyses: the assay of vitamin D3, the immunoblotting of vitamin D receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and the genotyping of 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter linked polymorphic region.Results.We choose 18 patients with a normal blood test profile such as thyroid hormones, hepatic and renal parameters, triglycerides, proteins, vitamin B12, and folic acid. Among these emerged the case of a woman with long-term anorexia nervosa and the case of a woman with long-term bulimia nervosa both complicated by anxiety and depression, severe hypovitaminosis D3, decrease of vitamin D receptor, leukopenia, and 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter linked polymorphic region short allele.Conclusion.The results induce hypothesising that the severe hypovitaminosis D3 might be responsible for the lack of the inflammatory response and the depressive symptoms in patients with long-term eating disorders.
Risk Factors and Epidemiology of Coccidioidomycosis Demonstrated by a Case of Spontaneous Pulmonary Rupture of Cavitary Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Yau Amy A.
Published: January 2016

A 31-year-old Hispanic male with no medical history was admitted for fevers, pleurisy, and cough after recent oral surgery and completing demolition and construction work in Juarez, Mexico. Imaging showed a 4.4 cm cavitary lesion and bilateral tree-in-bud opacities. Initial suspicion of bacterial infection confirmed with clinical improvement on culture specific antibiotics, but after discharge he returned with progression of symptoms and new dyspnea. Radiograph showed a pyopneumothorax. Chest computed tomography after thoracostomy showed worsening infiltrates and another cavitary lesion. Symptoms persisted despite addition of broad spectrum antibiotics. Surgical repair for persistent air leak was required. Weeks after discharge, cultures and serologies returned positive forCoccidioidomycosis immitis.Coccidioidesspecies cause up to 30% of community-acquired pneumonia and incidental cavitary lesions in endemic regions. Symptoms are nonspecific yet usually involve fatigue, cough, and pleurisy. Most hosts have spontaneous resolution; however, certain demographics such as Hispanics and diabetics, later diagnosed in our patient, have higher morbidity. As seen with our patient, cavitary rupture and bronchopleural fistulas are rare occurring in 2.6% of cavitary lesions. High suspicion based on symptoms and host demographics is important to assist in early diagnosis and treatment to avoid and treat this common pathogen’s presentations.
Glycyrrhizic Acid Attenuates Sepsis‐Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting NF‐κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Hongyu , Zhao Min , Wang Yu , Li Fengchun , Zhang Zhigang
Published: January 2016

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a major active ingredient in licorice. In our study, the effects of GA on acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats and its underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. The sepsis model was produced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats. The molecular and histological experiments were performed in the kidney tissues and serum samples of rats. According to the results obtained, GA alleviated sepsis‐induced AKI by improving the pathological changes, decreasing the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre), and increasing the survival rate of rats with AKI significantly. The production of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6, was markedly inhibited by GA. Moreover, treatment with GA inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and expression levels of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in kidney tissues. Furtherly, the apoptosis in kidney tissue induced by AKI was suppressed by GA. Finally, GA could inhibit the activation of NF‐κB signaling pathway. Our study suggests that GA alleviates sepsis‐induced AKI by inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway, which provides a strong evidence for a new approach for treating sepsis‐induced AKI.
Fracture Forces of Dentin after Surface Treatment with High Speed Drill Compared to Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation
Authors: Franzen Rene , Kianimanesh Nasrin , Marx Rudolf , Ahmed Asma , Gutknecht Norbert
Published: January 2016

Dental tooth restorative procedures may weaken the structural integrity of the tooth, with the possibility of leading to fracture. In this study we present findings of coronal dentin strength after different techniques of surface modification. The fracture strength of dentin beams after superficial material removal with a fine diamond bur high speed drill hand piece, Er:YAG (2.94 μm, 8 J/cm2), and Er,Cr:YSGG (2.78 μm, 7.8 J/cm2) laser irradiation slightly above the ablation threshold was measured by a four-point bending apparatus. Untreated dentin beams served as a control. A total of 58 dentin beams were manufactured from sterilized human extracted molars using the coronal part of the available dentin. Mean values of fracture strength were calculated as82.0±27.3 MPa for the control group (n=10),104.5±26.3 MPa for high speed drill treatment (n=10),96.1±28.1 MPa for Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation (n=20), and89.1±36.3 MPa for Er:YAG laser irradiation (n=18). Independent Student’st-tests showed no significant difference between each two groups (p>0.05). Within the parameter settings and the limits of the experimental setup used in this study, both lasers systems as well as the high speed drill do not significantly weaken coronal dentin after surface treatment.
Metformin Synergistically Enhances Cisplatin-Induced Cytotoxicity in Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells under Glucose-Deprivation Conditions
Authors: Yu Hongliang , Bian Xiuhua , Gu Dayong , He Xia
Published: January 2016

Previous studies suggest that metformin may exert a protective effect on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells, and this finding has led to a caution for considering metformin use in the treatment of cancer patients. However, in this paper we provide the first demonstration that metformin synergistically augments cisplatin cytotoxicity in the esophageal squamous cancer cell line, ECA109, under glucose-deprivation conditions, which may be more representative of the microenvironment within solid tumors; this effect is very different from the previously reported cytoprotective effect of metformin against cisplatin in commonly used high glucose incubation medium. The potential mechanisms underlying the synergistic effect of metformin on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity under glucose-deprivation conditions may include enhancement of metformin-associated cytotoxicity, marked reduction in the cellular ATP levels, deregulation of the AKT and AMPK signaling pathways, and impaired DNA repair function.
Nasolabial Cyst Associated with Odontogenic Infection
Authors: Martini Eveline Claudia , Coppla Fabiana Madalozzo , Campagnoli Eduardo Bauml , Bortoluzzi Marcelo Carlos
Published: January 2016

The nasolabial cyst or Klestadt cyst is a relatively uncommon nonodontogenic cyst that develops in the nasal alar region; it has uncertain pathogenesis. This lesion has slow growth and variable dimensions and is characterized clinically by a floating tumefaction in the nasolabial fold area around the bridge of the nose, causing an elevation of the upper lip and relative facial asymmetry. Diagnosis is primarily made clinically; if necessary, this is complemented by imaging. This paper reports the case of a 39-year-old male patient who complained of pain in the right upper premolar region and poor aesthetics due to a firm tumor in the right wing of the nose. Initially, this was thought to be due to an odontogenic abscess; however, the differential diagnosis was that a nasolabial cyst was communicating with the apex of teeth 14 and 15. Surgical treatment was carried out, followed by histopathological examination and concomitant endodontic treatment of the teeth involved.
The Association betweenHelicobacter pyloriInfection and Chronic Hepatitis C: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Wang Juan , Li Wen-Ting , Zheng Yi-Xiang , Zhao Shu-Shan , Li Ning , Huang Yan , Zhou Rong-Rong , Huang Ze-Bing , Fan Xue-Gong
Published: January 2016

Purpose.Helicobacter pyloriis a common gastric disease-inducing pathogen. Although an increasing number of recent studies have shown thatH. pyloriis a risk factor for liver disease, the potential association betweenH. pyloriinfection and chronic hepatitis C still remains controversial. The aim of our meta-analysis was to evaluate a potential association betweenH. pyloriinfection and chronic hepatitis C.Methods. We searched the PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases between January 1, 1994, and May 1, 2015.Results. This study included a total of 1449 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 2377 control cases. The prevalence ofH. pyloriwas significantly higher in patients with chronic hepatitis C than in those without chronic hepatitis C. The pooled odds ratio was 2.93. In a subgroup analysis, the odds ratios were 4.48 for hepatitis C virus- (HCV-) related cirrhosis and 5.45 for hepatocellular carcinoma.Conclusion. Our study found a strong association betweenH. pyloriand chronic hepatitis C, particularly during the HCV progression stage; thus, we recommend active screening forH. pyloriin patients with chronic hepatitis C.
A Tuboovarian Abscess Associated with a Ruptured Spleen
Authors: Li Jennifer S. , Sheele Johnathan Michael
Published: January 2016

We report the first case of a tuboovarian abscess complicated by a ruptured spleen. Our patient was a 27-year-old female with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who presented to the emergency department (ED) with complaints of urinary symptoms and diarrhea. After being diagnosed with a tuboovarian abscess (TOA), she received antibiotics and was admitted to the gynecology service. Shortly thereafter she developed hemorrhagic shock, necessitating a splenectomy and salpingooophorectomy from a ruptured spleen.
Shouldering the Burden of Evidence-Based Practice: The Experiences of Physiotherapists Partaking in a Community of Practice
Authors: McCreesh Karen , Larkin Louise , Lewis Jeremy
Published: January 2016

The study aim was to elicit the motivators, barriers, and benefits of participation in a Community of Practice (CoP) for primary care physiotherapists. We used a qualitative approach using semistructured interviews. The participants were twelve physiotherapists partaking in a newly formed Shoulder CoP. A desire for peer support was the strongest motivator for joining, with improving clinical practice being less apparent. Barriers to participation included time and work pressures and poor research skills. The structure of the CoP, in terms of access to meetings and the provision of preparation work and deadlines for the journal clubs, was reported to be a facilitator. Multiple benefits ensued from participation. The role of teamwork was emphasised in relation to reducing isolation and achieving goals. The majority of participants reported positive clinical practice changes in terms of improved patient education, increased confidence, and availability of new resources. All participants reported some element of personal growth and development, in particular in their evidence-based practice skills. The results provide support for the use of CoPs as a means of continuing professional development for physiotherapists in the workplace, as significant benefits are gained in terms of evidence-based practice (EBP), patient care, and therapist personal development.
Seroprevalence and Predictors of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Routine Antenatal Care in Arba Minch Hospital, South Ethiopia
Authors: Yohanes Tsegaye , Zerdo Zerihun , Chufamo Nega
Published: January 2016

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a serious cause of liver disease affecting millions of people throughout the world. When HBV is acquired during pregnancy, prenatal transmission can occur to the fetus. Therefore, this study is aimed at estimating seroprevalence and associated factors of HBV infection among pregnant women attending Antenatal Clinic (ANC) of Arba Minch Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 pregnant women visiting ANC from February to April, 2015. Data regarding sociodemographic and associated factors were gathered using questionnaire. Serum samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. The overall seroprevalence of HBV infection was 4.3% (95% CI: 2.2–6.9%). Multivariate analysis showed that history of abortion (AOR = 7.775; 95% CI: 1.538–39.301) and having multiple sexual partners (AOR = 7.189; 95% CI: 1.039–49.755) were independent predictors of HBsAg seropositivity. In conclusion, the prevalence of HBV infection is intermediate. Therefore, screening HBV infection should be routine part of ANC; health information on having single sexual partner for women of childbearing age and on following aseptic techniques during abortion should be provided to health facilities working on abortion.
A Rationale for Pollutograph Evaluation in Ungauged Areas, Using Daily Rainfall Patterns: Case Studies of the Apulian Region in Southern Italy
Authors: Gorgoglione Angela , Gioia Andrea , Iacobellis Vito , Piccinni Alberto Ferruccio , Ranieri Ezio
Published: January 2016

In the context of the implementation of sustainable water treatment technologies for soil pollution prevention, a methodology that try to overcome the lack of runoff quality data in Puglia (Southern Italy) is firstly tackled in this paper. It provides a tool to obtain total suspended solid (TSS) pollutographs in areas without availability of monitoring campaigns. The proposed procedure is based on the relationship between rainfall characteristics and pollutant wash-off. In particular, starting from the evaluation of the observed regional rainfall patterns by using a rainfall generator model, the storm water management model (SWMM) was applied on five case studies located in different climatic subareas. The quantity SWMM parameters were evaluated starting from the drainage network and catchments characteristics, while the quality parameters were obtained from results of a monitoring campaign conducted for quality model calibration and validation with reference to the pollutograph’s shape and the peak-time. The research yields a procedure useful to evaluate the first flush phenomenon in ungauged sites and, in particular, it provides interesting information for designing efficient and sustainable drainage systems for first flush treatment and diffuse pollution treatment.
DRESS Syndrome in the ICU: When a Patient Is Treated with Multiple Drugs
Authors: Moriceau Florent , Prothet Johanne , Blaise Benjamin J. , Ben Said Benoit , Page Mathieu , Ber Charles-Eric , Crozon Jullien , Rimmelé Thomas
Published: January 2016

The Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is life-threatening. It associates a skin condition with hematological and visceral disorders. The DRESS syndrome diagnosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) is difficult as clinical features are nonspecific. Furthermore, the need to treat patients with multiple drugs usually prevents the identification of the causative drug. We report the case of a patient who developed two bouts of DRESS caused by piperacillin-tazobactam, the first being complicated with a distributive shock. Cases of DRESS occurring inside ICU are seldom reported. However, any intensivist may encounter this situation during his career and should be aware of its diagnostic and management specific aspects.
Thickness Measurement of V2O5Nanometric Thin Films Using a Portable XRF
Authors: Lopes Fabio , Cardozo Amorin Luís Henrique , da Silva Martins Larissa , Urbano Alexandre , Roberto Appoloni Carlos , Cesareo Roberto
Published: January 2016

Nanometric thin films have always been chiefly used for decoration; however they are now being widely used as the basis of high technology. Among the various physical qualities that characterize them, the thickness strongly influences their properties. Thus, a new procedure is hereby proposed and developed for determining the thickness of V2O5nanometric thin films deposited on the glass surface using Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) equipment and the attenuation of the radiation intensity Kαof calcium present in the glass. It is shown through the present paper that the radiation intensity of calcium Kαrays is proportional to film thickness in nanometric films of vanadium deposited on the glass surface.
Management of Horizontal Root Fracture in the Middle Third via Intraradicular Splinting Using a Fiber Post
Authors: Karhade Ishani , Gulve Meenal N.
Published: January 2016

Radicular fractures in permanent teeth are uncommon injuries and account for only 0.5–7% of dental traumas. These fractures commonly result from a horizontal impact and are transverse to oblique in direction. Their incidence is more in the middle third of the root than at the apical and cervical thirds. This paper describes a case of complicated crown fracture of maxillary incisors along with horizontal root fracture at the middle third of maxillary right central and lateral incisor. The fractured root fragments of the upper right central and lateral incisor were united with the help of a glass fiber post after receiving an endodontic treatment. The other two incisors were treated endodontically followed by post endodontic restorations. Eventually the four incisors were restored with porcelain fused to metal crowns. A one-year follow-up revealed a well stabilized assembly of the root fragments and the post.
Best Proximity Point Theorem in Quasi-Pseudometric Spaces
Authors: Plebaniak Robert
Published: January 2016

In quasi-pseudometric spaces (not necessarily sequentially complete), we continue the research on the quasi-generalized pseudodistances. We introduce the concepts of semiquasiclosed map and contraction of Nadler type with respect to generalized pseudodistances. Next, inspired by Abkar and Gabeleh we proved new best proximity point theorem in a quasi-pseudometric space. A best proximity point theorem furnishes sufficient conditions that ascertain the existence of an optimal solution to the problem of globally minimizing the errorinf⁡{d(x,y):y∈T(x)}, and hence the existence of a consummate approximate solution to the equationT(X)=x.
Phase Ib Study of PEGylated Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase and Gemcitabine in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Hingorani Sunil R. , Harris William P. , Beck J. Thaddeus , Berdov Boris A. , Wagner Stephanie A. , Pshevlotsky Eduard M. , Tjulandin Sergei A. , Gladkov Oleg A. , Holcombe Randall F. , Korn Ronald , Raghunand Natarajan , Dychter Samuel , Jiang Ping , Shepard H. Michael , Devoe Craig E.
Published: January 2016

Purpose: This phase Ib study evaluated the safety and tolerability of PEGylated human recombinant hyaluronidase (PEGPH20) in combination with gemcitabine (Gem), and established a phase II dose for patients with untreated stage IV metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). Objective response rate and treatment efficacy using biomarker and imaging measurements were also evaluated.

Experimental Design: Patients received escalating intravenous doses of PEGPH20 in combination with Gem using a standard 3+3 dose-escalation design. In cycle 1 (8 weeks), PEGPH20 was administrated twice weekly for 4 weeks, then once weekly for 3 weeks; Gem was administrated once weekly for 7 weeks, followed by 1 week off treatment. In each subsequent 4-week cycle, PEGPH20 and Gem were administered once weekly for 3 weeks, followed by 1 week off. Dexamethasone (8 mg) was given pre- and post-PEGPH20 administration. Several safety parameters were evaluated.

Results: Twenty-eight patients were enrolled and received PEGPH20 at 1.0 (n = 4), 1.6 (n = 4), or 3.0 μg/kg (n = 20), respectively. The most common PEGPH20-related adverse events were musculoskeletal and extremity pain, peripheral edema, and fatigue. The incidence of thromboembolic events was 29%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 5.0 and 6.6 months, respectively. In 17 patients evaluated for pretreatment tissue hyaluronan (HA) levels, median PFS and OS rates were 7.2 and 13.0 months for “high”-HA patients (n = 6), and 3.5 and 5.7 months for “low”-HA patients (n = 11), respectively.

Conclusions: PEGPH20 in combination with Gem was well tolerated and may have therapeutic benefit in patients with advanced PDA, especially in those with high HA tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 22(12); 2848–54. ©2016 AACR.