bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Shock-Induced Flow Separation on Dynamic Stall in Time-Varying Freestream Conditions
Authors:   Carleton University, Gosselin Daniel , Feszty Daniel
Published: October 2024

Dynamic stall on an oscillatory pitching NACA 0012 airfoil was simulated via CFD under time-varying freestream conditions, which are representative of fast forward flight for a helicopter and which lead to transonic effects at the minimum of the pitch angle. The selected flow conditions were representative of a helicopter blade section at around 80% of the blade radius at the extreme of the forward flight speed, i.e. at around Mach 0.3. A sinusoidal pitch angle variation of 15° ± 10° and an out-of-phase sinusoidal freestream variation of Mach 0.48 ± 0.3 were applied at a mean reduced frequency of 0.029. The mean Reynolds number was approximately 3.3x10⁶. First, the simulation results for steady freestream dynamic stall were carefully validated with experiment. Then, the steady and unsteady freestream dynamic stall simulations were compared. Key findings include the lift coefficient hysteresis loop changing direction for the variable freestream conditions, as well as the peak values of lift, drag and negative pitching moment coefficients increasing by factors of approximately 2∼4. Results suggest that the mechanism of dynamic stall changes dramatically due to the occurrence of transonic flow at minimum angle of attack and confirms that inclusion of time-varying freestream in dynamic stall simulations is important for the extremes of the forward flight speed.
Experimental and Computational Investigation of a Linearly Pitching NACA 0012 in Reverse Flow
Authors:   University of Maryland, Smith Luke ,   Georgia Institute of Technology, Smith Marilyn , Lind Andrew , Jones Anya , Jacobson Kevin
Published: October 2024

The reverse flow region of a high advance ratio rotor is modeled using a linearly pitching semi-infinite NACA 0012 blade section in a constant reverse flow freestream. A coupled experimental-numerical approach is used to investigate the instantaneous and ensemble-averaged unsteady aerodynamics. Two pitch cases were considered: 0° ≤ αrev ≤ 20° (i.e., high pitch) and 5° ≤ αrev ≤ 15° (i.e., low pitch). Transient flow phenomena were characterized experimentally using time-resolved particle image velocimetry and unsteady pressure measurements. In the high pitch case, the measured velocity field was dominated by a periodic primary dynamic stall vortex, a trailing edge vortex, and several weak secondary vortices. All three flow structures were present in the Hybrid Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes Large Eddy Simulation (tHRLES), while only the primary dynamic stall vortex and trailing edge vortex were present in Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (URANS) solver. For the low pitch case, the experimentally measured velocity field was instead characterized by a series of weak vortices that rapidly along the chord; these aperiodic vortices were present in the tHRLES simulation but absent from URANS simulation. The experimental and numerical results suggest that initial pitch angle and pitch rate are driving forces in the character of a NACA 0012 undergoing linear pitching in a constant reverse flow freestream. The comparisons between experimental and numerical flow fields and integrated unsteady airloads show promise in the ability of the Hybrid Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes Large Eddy Simulation (tHRLES) code to accurately capture the nonlinear transients observed experimentally.
Axisymmetric Potential Flow Model of Single or Coaxial Actuator Disks
Authors:   Duke University, Giovanetti Eli , Hall Kenneth
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a computationally efficient method for computing the axisymmetric three-dimensional flow field induced by the trailing vortex system of either a single actuator disk or a pair of closely spaced coaxial actuator disks. A rotor in axial flight or hover (or a pair of coaxial rotors) is modeled as an actuator disk (or disks); the associated wake is modeled using contracting cylindrical sheets of vorticity approximated by discrete vortex rings. The resulting system of vortex sheets is axisymmetric and aligned with flow streamlines. The location of the sheets of vorticity is found using Newton iteration. A singularity occurs where the outer vortex sheet vortex sheet terminates at the edge of the actuator disk. This singularity is resolved through the formation of a 45° logarithmic spiral in hover, which produces a non-uniform inflow at the face of the disk, particularly near the edge of the disk where the flow field is entirely reversed. Finally, the model is applied to coaxial actuator disks to quantify the mutual interference of coaxial rotors at various axial spacings, and when operating in either a torque-balanced or and equal circulation state.
Development of an Active Spinal Support System for Reducing Lumbar Loading from Body Borne Equipment
Authors:   InnoVital Systems Inc., Sztein Pablo ,   BAE Systems, Richards Marv , Hiemenz Gregory , Kothera Curt
Published: October 2024

The weight of equipment bearing on the upper torso of soldiers and aviators has increased substantially over the past several decades. This increased weight of torso-supported equipment can significantly increase the chances of acute injuries during extreme events (i.e., crashes and hard landings), as well as long-term chronic injuries from normal flight operations. In this study, a novel seat subsystem (the "ActiveSpine") was developed with the goal of off-loading a seated occupant's spine and lower back from occupant-borne equipment while maintaining full mobility. By doing so, the ActiveSpine is intended to reduce pilot fatigue and risk of chronic injury during normal flight conditions, while also significantly reducing risk of injury during a crash event. In this paper, the ActiveSpine concept and initial design is summarized, and an overview of the system's active control system is provided. Following this, results of both laboratory static off-loading evaluations and full-scale dynamic crash tests are presented. Through these tests, the ActiveSpine is shown to effectively off-load the occupant borne gear mass across a range of positions, while also reducing lumbar loads in a crash by up to 35% for a range of occupant sizes. In addition to this, measured test data showed that the ActiveSpine can significantly reduce occupant head motion in a crash, thereby significantly reducing the risk of a fatal head strike.
An Efficient Approach for the Simulation and On-Blade Control of Helicopter Noise and Vibration
Authors:   University of Michigan, Chia Miang , Padthe Ashwani , Duraisamy Karthik , Friedmann Peretz
Published: October 2024

A suite of computational tools capable of predicting in-plane low frequency rotorcraft noise and its control using active flaps operating in closed-loop mode is developed. A combined code, consisting of AVINOR, a comprehensive code for active control of vibration and noise, and an acoustic code called HELINOIR, is first validated against wind tunnel tests and subsequently verified against computational results. The in-plane noise reduction obtained with a single 20% chord plain trailing edge flap, for a rotor configuration resembling the MBB BO-105 during level flight at a moderate advance ratio is studied. A combination of various far-field and near-field feedback microphone locations was examined. A near-field microphone located on a hypothetical left boom position was found to be the best location and produced an in-plane noise reduction of up to 6 dB. However, this noise reduction was accompanied by an out-of-plane noise increase of 18 dB and a 60% increase in the vertical hub shear. These penalties can be partially alleviated by using a dual plain flap configuration.
Contactless Rotor Flapping Sensor Design, Implementation and Testing
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Cigada Alfredo ,   Vicoter, Cordisco Potito ,   Logic, Grassetti Riccardo ,   Finmeccanica - Helicopter Division, Colombo Attilio , Trainelli Lorenzo , Ferrario Andrea , Liu Rui , Manzoni Stefano , Rolando Alberto , Zappa Emanuele , Terraneo Mauro , Vigoni Edoardo , Redaelli Matteo
Published: October 2024

The present contribution aims at providing a comprehensive illustration of a structured approach to the design, implementation and testing of a new rotor state measurement system for rotorcraft applications. This effort has been carried out in the framework of a Clean Sky collaborative project in which the novel sensor system plays a fundamental role by enabling the real-time estimation of non-measurable quantities that govern the rotorcraft running acoustic emission, in view of external noise alleviation. Furthermore, the availability of the new sensor system capable to accurately capture rotor blade motion allows the derivation of enhanced attitude control laws based on rotor state feedback. We detail the complete process that led to the full-scale development of a stereoscopic vision-based measurement system mounted on the rotor head, which has been fully integrated on board a prototype helicopter for ground and flight testing.
Design of an Automatic Load Positioning System for Hoist Operations
Authors:   German Aerospace Center (DLR), Kim Hyun-Min
Published: October 2024

The operation of a helicopter with an externally slung load is highly demanding for the flight crew. Without having a direct view on the load, the pilot needs assistance by a crew member for load handling, e.g. load positioning. During Helicopter Hoist Operations (HHO), the hoist operator gives instructions to the pilot and stabilizes the load motion. An automatic load positioning system for HHO is designed with the aim to reduce the workload of the flight crew and to improve the load handling performance. The control system consists of a multi-loop architecture that is designed using multi-objective optimization. The system was designed to achieve best performance in load positioning for the entire cable length range of the rescue hoist. Load positioning performance is a function of the cable length; faster automatic load positioning can be achieved with shorter cable lengths. This paper describes the overall design process covering the tools, control law architecture, optimization, and the validation using DLR's simulator.
CFD Analysis of Tail Surface Modifications and Rudder Deflection Influence on I-28B Gyroplane at High Angle of Sideslip
Authors:   Institute of Aviation Warsaw, Dziubinski Adam , Ulma Dawid , Zurawski Rafal
Published: October 2024

In the following work a set of CFD computational cases was calculated in order to obtain the aerodynamic characteristics of I-28 gyroplane in a wide range of sideslip angle. Severe modifications were checked out, and most important on the directional stability components of forces and moments, acting on an airframe, have been shown in aerodynamic coefficient form. A part of these calculations was to test the influence of rudder deflection on baseline gyroplane aerodynamic properties. In order to compare the results with already flying example of gyroplane, with known, good flight characteristics, a geometry was reconstructed with low accuracy, but enough to obtain reasonable sideslip characteristics, especially for high sideslip angle.
A baseline audit of post-vasectomy follow-up at three Cape Town district health facilities
Authors: Le Roux Michael L. , Christoffels Renaldo , Kroukamp Roland , Morgan Jennie , Alaofin Omotayo S. , Ras Tasleem , Von Pressentin Klaus B.
Published: October 2024

Background: Our study focuses on vasectomies, an underutilised contraception method worldwide. Little is known about post-vasectomy semen analysis (PVSA) adherence in our setting, which is an essential step in confirming the procedure’s success. We aimed to describe patient adherence to post-vasectomy follow-up and the success of procedures performed by different surgeon categories at three Cape Town district health facilities.Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive audit. We extracted sociodemographic and procedural information from theatre records and patient folders. The PVSA results were retrieved from Groote Schuur Hospital’s Reproductive Medicine Unit.Results: The records of 270 patients who underwent vasectomies in local district-level facilities from September 2016 to July 2021 were included. Only 122 (45.2%) semen analysis results were retrievable, of which 115 (94.2%) showed that the procedure was successful. Incomplete patient records significantly impacted the study. A data-collection instrument and implementing standardised stationery were developed, which some sites already use. These measures are designed to ensure more comprehensive datasets for future audits.Conclusion: The study’s findings have identified flaws in record-keeping practices at the three study sites, a crucial step towards improving post-vasectomy care. Tracking procedural success and patient adherence to post-vasectomy semen analyses using the implemented stationery may assist future research and help drive quality improvement projects.Contribution: This audit strengthens our understanding of improving this underutilised family planning option in the district health services. In partnership with the local teams, a revised clinical care pathway was developed to inform the delivery of an evidence-informed vasectomy service.
Intraoperative Innovation Leading to a Modified Endotracheal Tube: A Case Report of Endobronchial Intubation of Total Laryngectomy Stoma
Authors: Tersakyan Sarven , Gemelga Gio , Lee Joseph , Mahyar Babak , Dean Alan
Published: October 2024

The post-total laryngectomy airway poses perioperative challenges to anesthesia management. While endobronchial intubation is a cited complication, a low-lying stoma may increase this risk. Furthermore, the stoma’s proximity to a median sternotomy increases surgical and airway management complexity. This report highlights a case of endobronchial intubation in a patient with a low-lying stoma who presented for coronary artery bypass graft. With a stoma at the upper border of the sternum, intraoperative innovation was required to prevent endobronchial intubation while remaining out of the surgical field. This innovation may be useful in urgent surgical situations.
Local antituberculosis treatment in nonhealing chronic surgical site tuberculosis: A novel approach to cure nonhealing wound!
Authors: Patil Shital , Patil Deepak , Khule Shubhangi , Gondhali Gajanan
Published: October 2024

Tuberculosis most commonly affects the lungs and less than 20% of cases showed extrapulmonary involvement. Tuberculosis at the surgical site is described in the medical literature with very few cases of cesarean section at the incision site. Nonhealing surgical site ulcers secondary to tuberculosis are not widely reported in the literature and treatment options to heal these lesions are not described. Surgical site infections resulting to a slow or nonhealing wound are commonly reported and usually depend on various factors. Patient factors include the patient’s immune status and comorbidities. Hospital management factors such as infection control policies in operation theatre, sterilization techniques for surgical instruments, and local wound care methods established and implemented by hospital staff. In this case report, a 34-year-old female with history of cesarean delivery 1 month back presented with nonhealing wound at the surgical site. We have done surgical repair with biopsy of wound margins. Wound discharge microscopy was negative for acid fast bacilli with few gram-positive cocci. Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification testes were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome. Histopathology shown tuberculous pathology and underlying chronic infectious process for nonhealing wound. We have offered antituberculosis treatment (ATT) as per protocol and observed healing of tuberculous ulcer after three months with reappearance of ulcer in fourth month of ATT. We have topically applied isoniazid and streptomycin over tuberculous ulcer along with systemic ATT. Tuberculous ulcer has responded and noted “cure” as completely healed surgical wound after 6 months of ATT with topical application of isoniazid and streptomycin.
Management of Persistent Diplopia and Epiphora in Mismanaged Orbital Blowout Fracture – A Case Report
Authors: Balaji S. M. , Balaji Preetha
Published: October 2024

A 31-year-old male with a history of right zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture presented with aesthetic concerns, continuous tearing, and double vision. The patient had undergone multiple surgeries post accident, resulting in an asymmetrical cheek bulge, persistent diplopia, and epiphora. Investigations revealed abnormal placement of an orbital mesh and damage to the lacrimal sac. A surgical plan was devised to remove the plates, reposition the muscles, secure the floor, correct the epiphora, and provide the desired aesthetics. The surgery involved removal of the mesh and a long plate, refracturing of the zygoma, approximation and securing of the fractured zygoma with plates, and creation of an osteum on the lateral wall of the nose. Post-operatively, the patient’s healing was uneventful and he was satisfied with the outcome. This case underscores the importance of a proper surgical technique and patient-centered care in managing complex facial fractures.
Mothers' Perceptions of Family-Centered Care and Satisfaction with Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Correlational Study
Authors: Rasolpour Parvin , Farshi Mahni Rahkar , Jabraeili Mahnaz
Published: October 2024

Parents play a crucial role in the family-centered care (FCC) model by evaluating the quality of care provided. The first step in understanding parents’ perceptions of FCC is to identify and address their needs to enhance services for preterm newborns and their families. This study was conducted as a correlational study in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a referral hospital in location X. The study included a sample of 150 mothers of preterm newborns (28–36 weeks) hospitalized in the NICU. Data were collected using the “Perceptions of FCC-Parent” questionnaire and the Parents’ Satisfaction Questionnaire from the NICU (EMPATHIC-N). The results of the study indicated that mothers of preterm infants received below-average FCC but expressed relatively high satisfaction with the care provided in the NICU. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a significant positive correlation between mothers’ perception of receiving FCC and their satisfaction with the care in the NICU. This study highlighted the positive impact of implementing FCC on parents’ satisfaction with care. Given the suboptimal implementation of FCC in this study setting, it is essential to identify and address the barriers to its effective implementation in future research. This proactive approach can enhance the quality of care provided to parents and their preterm newborns in the NICU setting.
Utility of Umbilical Arterial Blood Gas Lactate Levels in Predicting Short-term Neonatal Morbidity: A Retrospective Audit in a Tertiary Neonatal Unit
Authors: Pravin R. R. , Raveentheran Gayatiri , Sultana Rehena , Haium Abdul Alim Abdul
Published: October 2024

Background:

Umbilical cord arterial lactate is a surrogate marker for fetal hypoxia. A poor cord lactate often portends poorer neurological outcomes. Currently, there is no universally accepted threshold for normal cord lactate.

Methodology:

A retrospective case–control study of 1978 neonates born in a tertiary women’s and children’s hospital with a neonatal intensive care unit was conducted from July 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. The primary outcome was evaluating the utility of arterial lactate to predict neonatal outcomes. Secondary outcomes included comparing institution guidelines with that of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecology (ACOG) to determine cutoff thresholds for arterial pH, base excess (BE), and lactate to aid in risk stratification.

Results:

Cord blood arterial lactate was not a statistically significant predictor of poor neonatal outcomes (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.84–1.41], P = 0.5320). Babies who are delivered by crash cesarean section (OR: 3.96, [95% CI: 1.11–14.23], P = 0.0343), needed urgent resuscitation at birth (OR: 4.79, [95% CI: 1.63–14.06], P = 0.0044), with poor 1-min Apgar score (OR: 0.62, [95% CI: 0.49–0.78], P < 0.0001) or 5-min Apgar score (OR: 0.12, [95% CI: 0.04–0.37], P = 0.0002), higher venous BE (OR: 0.77, [95% CI: 0.65–0.92], P = 0.0034), or higher venous lactate (OR: 1.43, [95% CI: 1.12–1.82], P = 0.0043) had poorer outcomes. An arterial pH < 7.024, an arterial BE ≥−11.6 mmol/L, and an arterial lactate ≥8.4 mmol/L were deemed optimal cutoffs to predict a poorer neonatal outcome. Both ACOG and our institutional guidelines shared a similar predictive ability to identify neonates with poor cord gases at risk of poor outcomes.

Conclusion:

Although umbilical cord arterial lactate was not a statistically significant predictor of short-term neonatal morbidity, its clinical utility in predicting poor outcomes alongside maternal, fetal risk factors, and other biochemical indices on the cord blood gas, should not be undervalued.
ANCA-negative Crescentric Pauci-immune Glomerulonephritis Associated with Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: A Rare Entity
Authors: Bansal Aman , Gupta Akshita , Kaur Jaspreet , Gupta Monica
Published: October 2024

We present an unusual case of a 23-year-old male presenting with dyspnea, anasarca, and high-colored urine and simultaneously diagnosed as a case of allergic bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis. On detailed investigations, his serologies for vasculitis turned out to be all negative. Renal biopsy revealed pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis. This rare report explains that the underlying immunological response to Aspergillus antigen can be the cause for casual association between the two entities.
Triad of Micrognathia, Oligodontia, and Ankyloglossia in a Non-Syndromic Individual: A Case Report with Rare Presentation
Authors: Shukla Priti , Sharma Varsha , Acharya Shivesh , Singh Shruti
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Deviations from the normal in the intrauterine formative phase have a permanent effect in an individual’s life. They can cause limitations in lifestyle from nil to severe. The sites may differ and hence would the presentations. Some of them together may form a syndrome while others could present as solitary findings. The below case report affirmed the presence of a unique non-syndromic triad of micrognathia, oligodontia and ankyloglossia which the authors named as “Budgie Triad.” Such rare findings can add to the existing knowledge and will help the clinicians in appropriate diagnosis and treatment planning helping in improving the patient’s quality of life.
Instant Re-Implantation of Avulsed Teeth
Authors: Paul Smita , Das Sambarta , Debbarma Nirmal , Dasgupta Barun , Seal Bidyut , Satapathy Ayesha
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Successful re-plantation of avulsed tooth in children demands instantaneous management. This case report emphasizes the efficient treatment of a 09-Year-old boy who suffered an avulsion of the maxillary right central incisor at his school. The patient reported within half an hour of the traumatic dental injury with the avulsed tooth in his hand wrapped in a piece of newspaper. Immediately the tooth was placed in normal saline (0.7%) when the patient arrived and conventional Root Canal Therapy (RCT) was done extra-orally. After the root canal, the tooth was re-planted according to the IADT guidelines and stabilized in place with splinting. Our interpretation suggests that re-plantation of an avulsed tooth as quickly as possible, using appropriate splint and planned root canal therapy, promotes faster periapical healing and yields a better prognosis.
Comparative evaluation of anxiety level, comfort, and time taken using digital and conventional impression techniques among pediatric population aged 8–12 years: A cross-over randomized controlled study
Authors: Tharani Megha P. , Dave Bhavna H. , Bargale Seema S. , Deshpande Anshula N. , Koodakandi Poonacha S. , Kariya Prateek B.
Published: October 2024

Background:

A strong gag reflex could make it difficult for patients to accept and get dental care. Orthodontic models are needed for the diagnosis and treatment planning of occlusion and space management. Digital impressions can help to eliminate certain disadvantages, especially in children.

Aim:

To compare the anxiety, comfort, and time required to record digital and alginate impressions in children (8–12 years).

Materials and Methods:

A sample size of 30 was estimated and allocated into two groups. Group A: Alginate impressions were recorded on day 1. Group B: The digital impressions were recorded on day 1. Dave’s Hand Gesture Scale was given to measure the anxiety. After 7 days, the impressions of Group A were recorded using digital technique, whereas alginate impressions were recorded of children under Group B. The intraoral and overall time was recorded for both the impression techniques. Finally, a questionnaire was given to all the children to evaluate their comfort and preferences.

Results:

The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 20.0 and used Chi-square analysis and Student’s t-tests where a significance value <0.05 was considered. The intraoral and overall time was less in digital impressions, and anxiety and comfort were found more in alginate impressions than digital impressions.

Conclusion:

Digital impressions were recorded faster than alginate. When the anxiety was assessed, the digital impressions were considered to be more comfortable than the alginate methods.
The link between oral health status and psychological well-being among young adults
Authors: Prabhu D. Prasanna
Published: October 2024

Background:

To live a healthy, happy, and fulfilling life, oral health is vital. The one who has a healthy oral cavity can engage with people, eat, and interact without feeling uncomfortable or ashamed. Oral illness has a subtle but significant effect on people’s daily lives, affecting social and professional duties.

Aim:

The purpose of the study is to investigate how young individuals’ psychological well-being is impacted by their oral health.

Materials and Methods:

Psychological Well-being Questionnaire by Goldberg (1972), Oral Hygiene-Simplified Index (OHI-S) by John C. Greene and Jack R. Vermillion (1964), Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire by Klages et
al., (2005), and Decay, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index by the World Health Organization (1987) were the instruments utilized for this study. Eighty-four working young adults in and around Chennai made up the study’s entire sample, and a purposive sampling technique was used; oral health-care therapies were provided, increasing the degree of oral hygiene status, decreasing the amount of decay, and replacing missing teeth with filled teeth. After that, secondary data gathering was completed. The Pearson correlation, independent sample t-test, and paired t-test were used as the statistical analysis methods for this investigation to confirm the hypotheses.

Results and Conclusion:

According to the study’s findings, maintaining good oral health helps working young adults feel psychologically well and can change their lifestyles to improve workplace well-being.
Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs among visually impaired children in Vadodara city: An observational study
Authors: Shah Charmi , Bargale Seema , Dave Bhavna , Deshpande Anshula N , Poonacha K. S. , Kariya Pratik B
Published: October 2024

Background:

Maintaining optimal oral health is crucial for all children, but it holds particular significance for visually impaired children (VIC). Neglecting oral health can lead to a myriad of issues such as dental caries, gum disease, traumatic dental injuries (TDI), and even systemic health problems. Therefore, tailored interventions are essential to ensure their well-being and life quality.

Aim:

The current research aimed to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among VIC.

Materials and Methods:

The cross-sectional survey was conducted on 300 VIC in Vadodara city between September 2022 and December 2022. The oral examination was done in the respected school in the daylight with a normal sitting chair. Oral health status was checked according to the World Health Organization criteria (2013). Malocclusion was checked according to Angle’s classification of malocclusion. Descriptive statistical analysis was used.

Results:

The prevalence of dental caries was found to be 65%. 70% of children showed periodontal condition. TDIs among VICs were 40%. There is a high prevalence (91%) of Class I malocclusion. Most of the children require prompt treatment.

Conclusion:

The study reveals alarming dental health issues among VIC in Vadodara. With 65% experiencing dental caries, 70% displaying periodontal conditions, and 40% suffering from TDI, the oral health challenges are significant. Furthermore, a striking 91% exhibit Class I malocclusion. These findings underscore an urgent need for comprehensive dental care and tailored interventions to address the substantial oral health disparities in this vulnerable population. Immediate attention and specialized treatment plans are crucial to improving their overall well-being and quality of life.
Towards grounding differences: review essay on South Asian comparative constitutional studies
Authors: Karwa Surbhi
Published: October 2024

This essay reviews the development and growth of the field of South Asian comparative constitutional law by analysing three pioneering scholarships published in the last ten years in the field: ‘Comparative Constitutionalism in South Asia’ (OUP, 2012, edited by Sunil Khilnani, Vikram Raghavan and Arun Thiruvengadam), ‘Unstable Constitutionalism: Law and Politics in South Asia’ (Harvard University Press 2015, edited by Mark Tushnet and Madhav Khosla), and ‘Constitutional Resilience in South Asia’ (Hart Publishing 2023, edited by Swati Jhaveri, Tarunabh Khaitan and Dinesha Samararatne). The essay argues that the South Asian comparative constitutional field is slowly shifting towards a greater grounding of differences amongst the South Asian jurisdictions beyond India and Indian constitutional experience. Through a review of themes of resilience and backsliding in South Asia, the essay demonstrates that such a shift is welcomed as the South Asian experience requires plural explanation and theorisation. South Asia both affirms and disturbs the existing categories of ‘democracy’, ‘backsliding’ and ‘resilience’. Grounding differences through immersive, contextual and bottom-up comparison is the way ahead.
Beyond intergovernmental relations in federal systems: the concept of intergovernmental law
Authors: Poirier Johanne
Published: October 2024

In federal systems, irrespective of the official division of powers, the development and implementation of public policy increasingly require the input of various orders of government. Concerted action is an everyday phenomenon in wide ranges of domains, such as health care, immigration, transportation, environmental protection, public safety, and pandemic management. Countless studies have explored intergovernmental interaction in federal systems, both from a political science and policy perspective. Faced with federal realpolitik, law is often considered to be ‘beside the point’. While constitutional law provides a backdrop (particularly the division of powers, courts, and second chambers), law is otherwise largely a blind spot of federal studies. Yet, in democracies founded on the rule of law, all public action must, at some point, be grounded in law, or at least accountable to law. This is also true of federal democracies. The production and implementation of law in complex intergovernmental contexts are oddly understudied, as are the processes of accountability for intergovernmental executive action.

To shed light on the various ways through which legal norms, principles, processes and institutions shape federal governance, this paper introduces the concept of Intergovernmental Law (IGL). I posit that IGL has three main components. Upstream, it is composed of constitutional norms and institutions that shape intergovernmental action. Downstream, IGL includes processes of judicial review and parliamentary scrutiny of administrative and executive actions taken in an intergovernmental context. Midstream, it comprises specific toolboxes of legislative and executive law-making devices that help structure interactions and create complex normative networks.

Cheryl Saunders’ scholarship in domestic and comparative constitutional law informs almost every aspect of the overarching concept of intergovernmental law. This article is a tribute to Cheryl’s invaluable contribution to federal studies, notably her efforts in shedding light on the role of law in shaping federal theory and practice.
Patterns of external influence in making and interpreting three Pacific constitutions
Authors: Dziedzic Anna
Published: October 2024

Written constitutions have a long history in the Pacific region. They are often described as foreign imports, designed by external actors and superimposed over Indigenous systems of governance. This article reassesses such assumptions of external influence. Focusing on the constitutions of Tonga (1875), Samoa (1960) and Tuvalu (1986), the article identifies a recurring pattern in constitution making, in which Pacific polities borrowed the language of written constitutions to present an external face to signal independence, self-government and sovereignty to the world beyond. One result of this strategy is that written constitutions deal only partially with continuing Indigenous forms of governance. This presents challenges for the interpretation of Pacific constitutions. Judges in each of the three countries have referred to historical narratives of constitution making and come to different views about the relationship between written constitutions and Indigenous custom. Seeing what is often assumed to be a manifestation of external influence as, in part, the external face of the constitution warrants an approach to constitutional interpretation that leaves space for unwritten customary constitutional institutions, practices and values.
An umbrella body for Guarantor institutions: a necessary condition or a strange-creature?*
Authors: Samararatne Dinesha
Published: October 2024

Are Guarantor institutions a distinct branch of the state? This article argues that answering this question requires understanding the role of an ‘umbrella body’: that is, a hierarchically superior body with powers of appointment, supervision and removal over Guarantor institutions. I argue that an umbrella body can perform four key functions: (i) applying and defending non-self-enforcing constitutional norms; (ii) developing those norms in a context-specific way; (iii) serving as an administrative focal point; and (iv) communicating within the branch, with other branches and the world at large. Therefore, an umbrella body helps Guarantor institutions to fulfil their Guarantor functions in at least three ways: (i) it separates the Guarantor function from the traditional branches of the state; (ii) it advances internal and external accountability of Guarantor institutions and (iii) it prevents and remedies state capture. In advancing this argument, I compare the experiences in Nepal and Sri Lanka under Constitutional Councils, which function as umbrella bodies, with South Africa’s Chapter 9 institutions, which lack an umbrella body. I conclude that the limited and early experiences in Nepal and Sri Lanka suggest that an umbrella body for Guarantor institutions is highly desirable, even if not a strictly necessary condition for the existence of a Guarantor branch.
Uczucia i metodologia: idee badania historii w pismach Joachima Lelewela z lat 1815–1824
Authors: Ciechowicz Marta
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, there is noticeable diversity in methods of studying history. Attention is drawn to the so-called ‘turns’ in the humanities, involving radical changes in addressing research problems and methods. Debates on the limitations of traditional approaches to history and reflection on emotions in history are gaining popularity within current methodologies such as historical anthropology and post-structuralism. However, as early as the 19th c., historians conducted research that considered the influence of emotional aspects on the past they studied. Additionally, despite the fact that studies dedicated to reflecting on emotions in history, both in historiographical terms (emotions as a subject of study) and methodologically (the role of researcher’s emotions), were mainly conducted by Western European and American historians, concepts from researchers originating from other cultures also contributed to its development and require analysis. The aim of this article is to analyze Joachim Lelewel’s methodological works from 1815–1824, presenting his emotional approach as essential to the historian’s research process. A comparison was made between his historical research ideas and those of David Hume and Johann Gottfried von Herder in order to contextualize them internationally. This article seeks to answer questions about the relevance of reading Lelewel today and what advice today’s historians can draw from his works.
Naukowy awans kobiet w XX w. Casus docent Anny Rynkowskiej
Authors: Kolbuszewska Jolanta
Published: October 2024

The article is part of the reflection on the scientific careers of Polish women in the 20th c., focusing particularly on the era of the Polish People’s Republic. It examines the intellectual biography, scientific achievements, and subsequent stages of academic advancement of Anna Rynkowska (1903–1984), a Łódź historian, archivist, and popularizer of Łódź history. Rynkowska began her career in the Second Polish Republic at the Łódź branch of the Polish Free University and later at the University of Łódź, in the department headed by Natalia Gąsiorowska-Grabowska. In the 1950s, she decided to join the archival service. On the one hand, the protagonist of this piece was perceived as someone who owed her social advancement to the new system. On the other hand, it is important to note that her advancement began already in the interwar period. It was then that, despite her workingclass background and lack of financial support from her family, she finished gymnasium and graduate studies, and pursued her doctorate. Her life mirrored broader national and regional histories, as well as the changes in Polish science. The article presents findings from archival research, as well as first-hand sources, published memoires, and studies in the history of historiography, science, and education.
Nieznany wykaz lokomotyw leśnych kolei wąskotorowych w Polsce z lat 1956–1970
Authors: Kozak Bartosz
Published: October 2024

The article presents the contents of a recently discovered list detailing steam and diesel locomotives used in Poland from 1956 to 1970 on narrow-gauge railways of the State Forests. The document includes information such as the markings of individual locomotives, their manufacturers, production years, technical specifications, and operational history on specific forest railways. This information is presented in tabular format and supplemented with commentary on locomotive marking practices specific to forest railways, as well as a comprehensive literature review.
Adam Vetulani – nieugięty uczony
Authors: Hübner Mateusz
Published: October 2024

Piotr Biliński, Adam Vetulani. Historyk prawa polskiego i kanonicznego, Kraków 2023, ss. 414

Piotr Biliński’s Adam Vetulani. Historyk prawa polskiego i kanonicznego (Kraków 2023) is devoted to an outstanding scholar. Vetulani was a professor at the Jagiellonian University, secretary general of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, and vice-president of the Main Board of the Polish Historical Society. During World War II, he served as a delegate of the National Culture Fund in Switzerland. He was active in the Polish People’s Party. Repressed by communist authorities, he withdrew from political life during the Stalinist period, remaining under surveillance by the security services. In the Polish People’s Republic, he focused on science. Among his university colleagues and students, he was admired for his courageous and dignified ideological stance during a period of intense ideological pressure. This biography is a reliable, engaging and factually rich study, filling the gap in the absence of a separate monographic study dedicated to Adam Vetulani.
SOSIALISASI PENTINGNYA PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN KELUARGA DAN PEMBUATAN ANGGARAN YANG IDEAL DI RW 08 SUNTER AGUNG JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Ananda Arivia , Hidajat Koerniawan
Published: October 2024

Managing family finances is an important aspect in achieving prosperity and financial stability in a household. The socialization activity carried out at RW 08 Sunter Agung, North Jakarta aims to increase understanding and skills in financial management and creating an ideal budget. The method of implementing this activity includes presenting material and interactive training to housewives who are PKK members, with a focus on active participation in the learning process. Evaluation of this activity showed that around 80% of participants were able to answer the quizzes, indicating the effectiveness of the delivery of the material. Discussions and interactions between participants and presenters also occur actively, creating a dynamic learning environment. The material presented includes the importance of managing family finances, financial planning, budgeting, as well as practical steps in planning and managing household finances. It is hoped that this activity can make a positive contribution in increasing financial literacy and community welfare at the local level, as well as encouraging the implementation of effective financial management practices in everyday life
SOSIALISASI PENGARSIPAN BAGI WIRAUSAHA DI KAWASAN RW 08 SUNTER AGUNG JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Reza Fakhrur , Hidajat Koerniawan
Published: October 2024

The reason for conducting this research refers to empirical data from the community as entrepreneurs in RW 08 Sunter Agung, many of whom do not archive even though archiving is important for a businessman/entrepreneur. The method used is direct socialization. The results of this research are: the main material presented in the socialization of archiving for the community as entrepreneurs in the RW. 08 Sunter Agung is an explanation of problems that are at risk for entrepreneurs, the relationship between problems that arise in entrepreneurial activities and archiving activities, namely making it easier and faster to find important past data, archiving activities are a reflection of developing human resources, and saving important documents from possible damaged by natural and human factors. The effectiveness of archiving socialization activities for entrepreneurs in the RW 08 Sunter Agung area, North Jakarta is measured by two indicators, namely the number of targets determined to attend the socialization and the impression of enthusiasm and activity as evidenced by the realization of two-way communication as well as questions and answers and sharing related to archiving socialization and then concluded. The community as entrepreneurs in the RW 08 Sunter Agung area is interested and considers it important to carry out archiving activities for all entrepreneurial activities carried out
Kazalište ega
Authors: Šuran Fulvio
Published: October 2024

Često se smatra da postoje samo dva stajališta u vezi istine: jedno je uvjerenje u nešto apsolutno, dogmatski smatrajući to neosporivo istinitim (ova pozicija se ponekad pogrešno pripisuje filozofima visokog stajališta poput Platona i Aristotela). Drugi stav je umjesto toga prihvaćanje da su nečija mišljenja samo jedna od mnogih mogućnosti, što završava pridržavanjem relativističke perspektive, ponekad označene kao „slaba misao“. U ovoj perspektivi, istina se može smatrati najviše kao nešto što je povijesno uvjetovano (u smislu da bi istinito bilo ono što se povijesno pojavljuje kao takvo u određenom razdoblju) ili u svakom slučaju ograničeno (u smislu da bi istinito bilo ono što izgleda istinito iz određene perspektive ili za određenu skupinu ljudi). Zapravo, ako pažljivo razmislimo, obje ove perspektive pokazuju se problematičnima i nezadovoljavajućima. Osobito mislimo na one (kao što su neki vjernici u Boga ili, modernije, u znanstvenu istinu) koji svoja mišljenja smatraju neosporno istinitima, brkajući tako (nedokazane) hipoteze s (neosporivim) principima u platonskom smislu. Jednako problematičan je i stav onih koji na skromniji način priznaju da su njihova mišljenja jednako istinita kao bilo koje drugo mišljenje koje je argumentirano na isti način ili koje se može činiti istinito povijesno ili za određenu skupinu ljudi koja ima interes za to. Ovaj stav na kraju upada u klasične paradokse relativizma, na primjer, onaj tko tvrdi da je sam relativizam lažan lako bi ga mogao pobiti. U ovom će se izlaganju pokazati da oba stajališta predstavljaju iluziju alternative, budući da je razumijevanje istine složeno i suptilno pitanje koje nadilazi ove dvije ekstremne perspektive.
Analysis of Public Satisfaction Levels towards Hospital Services using the K-Nearest Neighbors Method (Case Study: XYZ Regional Public Hospital)
Authors: Ramadani Sibutar-Butar Novia , Halmi Dar Muhammad , Nirmala Sari Hasibuan Mila
Published: October 2024

The level of public satisfaction with health services is an important indicator that reflects the quality of services provided by a hospital. XYZ Hospital, as one of the main health service providers, strives to continuously improve the quality of its services by understanding and evaluating the level of patient satisfaction. However, challenges arise when it comes to accurately identifying and predicting patient satisfaction, given the diverse characteristics of patients and the complexity of the services provided. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the level of public satisfaction with XYZ Hospital services using the K-Nearest Neighbors method. This study employs a quantitative approach by utilizing patient satisfaction data obtained through a survey. We then analyze the data using the K-Nearest Neighbors method, known for its effectiveness in classifying based on data proximity. We carry out the model performance evaluation process through an evaluation matrix that includes accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results of the study show that the K-Nearest Neighbors model is able to classify patient satisfaction with an accuracy value of 94%, precision of 97.67%, recall of 95.45%, and F1-Score of 96.55%. These results indicate that the K-Nearest Neighbors model is not only accurate in predicting patient satisfaction but also consistent in classifying patients who are satisfied and dissatisfied. The study's conclusion is that the K-nearest neighbors method is very effective in analyzing and predicting the level of patient satisfaction at XYZ Hospital. This study makes a significant contribution by utilizing the K-Nearest Neighbors model as a potent predictive tool for assessing patient satisfaction, a tool hospitals can employ to enhance service quality. We hope that further development will enable the larger-scale implementation of this model, thereby enhancing the quality of health services across various hospitals.