bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Budgets on Claypan Soil Receiving Turkey Litter and Inorganic Fertilizer Applications
Authors: Sweeney Daniel W. , Pierzynski Gary M. , Barnes Phillip L.
Published: November 2019

Core Ideas

Nitrogen and P budgets may provide insight regarding fertilization with turkey litter.

Total P outputs were greatest with N‐based turkey litter application.

Nitrogen‐based turkey litter application increased soil storage of N and P.

Unaccounted‐for N was substantial regardless of nutrient source.

Only with N‐based turkey litter application was there any unaccounted‐for P.

Nutrient budgets may provide insight for management of N and P in poultry wastes and commercial fertilizers applied to claypan soils. The objective of this study was to calculate budgets for N and P as affected by turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) litter and inorganic fertilizer applications and by incorporation by tillage. The experiment was conducted from 2005 to 2007 near Girard, KS. The soil was a low‐slope (1%) Parsons silt loam overlying a claypan B horizon. During the 3‐yr budgeting period, total N outputs as surface runoff or as grain removal were not affected by treatments varying in nutrient source or tillage. Total P outputs in surface runoff and as grain removal was greatest in the N‐based turkey litter (TL‐N) treatment. Nitrogen and P stored in undecomposed grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] stalks were unaffected by treatments. However, the change in soil storage of total N and P was greater in the TL‐N treatment compared with the control, the inorganic fertilizer only (Fert), or the turkey litter P‐based (TL‐P) treatments. Unaccounted‐for N in all treatments receiving inorganic fertilizer and/or turkey litter exceeded 170 kg ha−1 over the 3‐yr period. The N that was not accounted for was greater with the TL‐N treatment than in the Fert or P‐based, incorporated treatment, with the TL‐P value being intermediate. The only treatment that showed unaccounted‐for P was TL‐N. Thus, unaccounted‐for N losses may affect all nutrient sources, but unaccounted‐for P losses likely only occur when litter application is N based.
Pressure Correction in the Calibration of Heat Dissipation Sensors
Authors: Thomle Jonathan N. , Zhang Z. Fred , Dai Gao L.
Published: November 2019

Core Ideas

Effects of air pressure on heat dissipation sensors previously unknown are quantified.

Effects of air pressure are repeatable and consistent, therefore they can be removed.

Changes in heat dissipation sensor calibration reduces error and decreases time of procedure.

Heat dissipation sensors (HDSs) infer soil matric potential based on the measured rate of temperature rise from a heat source. The process for calibrating these sensors may use a pressure plate apparatus (PPA) to remove water to a certain calibration point that is controlled by pressure. Conventionally, the pressure within the PPA is released before the temperature change calibration points are measured (ΔT0). This conventional HDS calibration approach can take several weeks. We propose that the equilibrated temperature change at pressure (ΔTp) can be corrected empirically to the value at zero pressure. Based on measurements of 14 HDSs between 0.02 and 0.1 MPa, ΔTp was on average 6.2% larger than ΔT0. After pressure correction, using an empirical equation, the difference between the corrected ΔTp and ΔT0 was only 0.28%. These results demonstrate that this empirical approach provides sufficient accuracy to achieve HDS calibration without performing a PPA pressure release.
A pH‐Based Pedotransfer Function for Scaling Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Reduction: Improved Estimation of Hydraulic Dynamics in HYDRUS
Authors: Ali Aram , Biggs Andrew J.W. , Šimůnek Jirka , Bennett John McL.
Published: November 2019

Core Ideas

Soil‐specific pedotransfer functions can be incorporated into the HYDRUS model.

Electrolyte concentration reduces the adverse effect of pH and Na on soil structural stability.

Clay content is important in governing soil hydraulic reduction dynamics due to pH.

Hydraulic conductivity is a key soil property governing agricultural production and is thus an important parameter in hydrologic modeling. The pH scaling factor for saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) reduction in the HYDRUS model was reviewed and evaluated for its ability to simulate Ks reduction. A limitation of the model is the generalization of Ks reduction at various levels of electrolyte concentration for different soil types, i.e., it is not soil specific. In this study, a new generalized linear regression model was developed to estimate Ks reduction for a larger set of Australian soils compared with three American soils. A nonlinear pedotransfer function was also produced, using the Levenberg–Marquardt optimization algorithm, by considering the pH and electrolyte concentration of the applied solution as well as the soil clay content. This approach improved the estimation of the pH scaling factor relating to Ks reduction for individual soils. The functions were based on Ks reduction in nine contrasting Australian soils using two sets of treatment solutions with Na adsorption ratios of 20 and 40; total electrolyte concentrations of 8, 15, 25, 50, 100, 250, and 500 mmolc L−1; and pH values of 6, 7, 8, and 9. A comparison of the experimental data and model outputs indicates that the models performed objectively well and successfully described the Ks reduction due to the pH. Further, a nonlinear function provided greater accuracy than the generalized function for the individual soils of Australia and California. This indicates that the nonlinear model provides an improved estimation of the pH scaling factor for Ks reduction in specific soils in the HYDRUS model and should therefore be considered in future HYDRUS developments and applications.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Quaternary Quinolinium Salts: A Review
Authors: Utreja Divya , Sharma Shivali , Goyal Akhil , Kaur Komalpreet , Kaushal Sonia
Published: November 2019

Heterocyclic chemistry is the only branch of chemistry that has applications in
varied areas such as dyes, photosensitizers, coordination compounds, polymeric materials,
biological, and many other fields. Quinoline and its derivatives have always engrossed
both synthetic chemists and biologists because of their diverse chemical and pharmacological
properties as these ring systems can be easily found in various natural products, especially
in alkaloids. Among alkaloids, quinoline derivatives i.e. quinolinium salts have
attracted much attention nowadays owing to their diverse biological profile such as antimicrobial,
antitumor, antifungal, hypotensive, anti-HIV, analgesics and anti-inflammatory,
etc. Quinoline and its analogs have recently been examined for their modes of function in
the inhibition of tyrosine kinases, proteasome, tubulin polymerization, topoisomerase, and
DNA repair. These observations have been guiding scientists for the expansion of new quinoline derivatives
with improved and varied biological activities. Quinolinium salts have immense possibilities and scope to investigate
these compounds as potential drug candidates. Therefore, we shall present a concise compilation of
this work to aid in present knowledge and to help researchers explore an interesting quinoline class having medicinal
potential.
Catalytic Applications of Saccharin and its Derivatives in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Banerjee Bubun , Bhardwaj Vaishali , Kaur Amninder , Kaur Gurpreet , Singh Arvind
Published: November 2019

:

Saccharin (1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one-1,1-dioxide) is a very mild, cheap,
commercially available, water soluble, environmentally benign and edible Brønsted acidic
substance. Recently, with other utilities, saccharin and its derivatives were employed as
catalysts for various organic transformations. In this review, catalytic applicability of saccharin
and its derivatives under various reaction conditions is summarized.
Hormonal Imprinting: The First Cellular-level Evidence of Epigenetic Inheritance and its Present State
Authors: Csaba György
Published: November 2019

Hormonal imprinting takes place perinatally at the first encounter between the developing hormone receptor and its target hormone. This process is needed for the normal function of the receptor- hormone pair and its effect is life-long. However, in this critical period, when the developmental window is open, related molecules (members of the same hormone family, synthetic hormones and hormone-like molecules, endocrine disruptors) also can be bound by the receptor, causing life-long faulty imprinting. In this case, the receptors’ binding capacity changes and alterations are caused at adult age in the sexual and behavioral sphere, in the brain and bones, inclination to diseases and manifestation of diseases, etc. Hereby, faulty hormonal imprinting is the basis of metabolic and immunological imprinting as well as the developmental origin of health and disease (DOHaD). Although the perinatal period is the most critical for faulty imprinting, there are other critical periods as weaning and adolescence, when the original imprinting can be modified or new imprintings develop. Hormonal imprinting is an epigenetic process, without changing the base sequence of DNA, it is inherited in the cell line of the imprinted cells and also transgenerationally (up to 1000 generations in unicellulars and up to the 3rd generation in mammals are justified). Considering the enormously growing number and amount of faulty imprinters (endocrine disruptors) and the hereditary character of faulty imprinting, this latter is threatening the whole human endocrine system.
Plasminogen Receptors in Human Malignancies: Effects on Prognosis and Feasibility as Targets for Drug Development
Authors: Gonias Steven L. , Zampieri Carlotta
Published: November 2019

The major proteases that constitute the fibrinolysis system are tightly regulated. Protease inhibitors target plasmin, the protease responsible for fibrin degradation, and the proteases that convert plasminogen into plasmin, including tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). A second mechanism by which fibrinolysis is regulated involves exosite interactions, which localize plasminogen and its activators to fibrin, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and cell surfaces. Once plasmin is generated in association with cell surfaces, it may cleave transmembrane proteins, activate growth factors, release growth factors from ECM proteins, remodel ECM, activate metalloproteases, and trigger cell-signaling by cleaving receptors in the Proteaseactivated Receptor (PAR) family. These processes are all implicated in cancer. It is thus not surprising that a family of structurally diverse but functionally similar cell-surface proteins, called Plasminogen Receptors (PlgRs), which increase the catalytic efficiency of plasminogen activation, have received attention for their possible function in cancer and as targets for anticancer drug development. In this review, we consider four previously described PlgRs, including: α-enolase, annexin-A2, Plg-RKT, and cytokeratin-8, in human cancer. To compare the PlgRs, we mined transcriptome profiling data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and searched for correlations between PlgR expression and patient survival. In glioma, the expression of specific PlgRs correlates with tumor grade. In a number of malignancies, including glioblastoma and liver cancer, increased expression of α-enolase or annexin-A2 is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Whether these correlations reflect the function of PlgRs as receptors for plasminogen or other activities is discussed.
Benzimidazole: A Milestone in the Field of Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: Vasava Mahesh S. , Bhoi Manoj N. , Rathwa Sanjay K. , Jethava Divya J. , Acharya Prachi T. , Patel Dhaval B. , Patel Hitesh D.
Published: November 2019

In the last 2-3 decades, the broad research in the application of benzimidazole derivatives
made it important for mankind. Many scientists have worked on benzimidazole derivatives and they
found that this compound has a diverse role in the field of medicinal chemistry. Few benzimidazole derivatives
are currently in the market as a drug candidate against various diseases. Moreover, the benzimidazole
derivatives exhibit pharmacological activities such as anti-tuberculosis, anti-malarial, antihistamine,
antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
anti-HIV, etc. In this review, we have summarized various derivatives of benzimidazole which have
been prepared by many researchers to understand the chemistry as well as diverse pharmacological activities.
These findings may lead the scientists who are working in the field of medicinal chemistry to
the development of benzimidazole based drug candidates in the future.
Antibacterial Activity of Cissus incisa Extracts against Multidrug- Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Nocedo-Mena Deyani , Garza-González Elvira , González-Ferrara Mauricio , del Rayo Camacho-Corona María
Published: November 2019

Aims:

The need to find new antimicrobial agents to cope with this phenomenon increases.

Background:

Infection diseases are illness caused by different microorganisms, such as bacteria, among
those caused by resistant bacteria are associated with greater morbidity, mortality and cost of the treatment
than those caused by sensitive bacteria of the same species.

Objective:

Need to find new antimicrobial agents to cope with this phenomenon increases.

Method:

This work carried out the study of biological activities of Cissus incisa, taking account its traditional
use. Three extracts were prepared from the leaves of this plant: hexane, chloroform methanol
(1:1) and aqueous. Their antibacterial and antitubercular activities were evaluated using microdilution
and alamar blue assays; respectively.

Result:

The chloroform/methanol extract (1:1) was the most active of the three tested extracts for antimicrobial
activity. In this way, the extract exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, against
the Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria tested, with MIC values between 125 to 500 μg/mL.

Conclusion:

This research contributes both to the knowledge of the Mexican flora, as well as the discovery
of potential antibacterial agents derivate from plants.
Selective and Sensitive UHPLC Method for the Trace Analysis of Formaldehyde in Drug Substance Using Fused-core Column Technology and Detailed Pre-column Derivatization study
Authors: Panchakarla Ravi Kiran , Ravi Punna Rao , Chandra Sekhar Kondapalli Venkata Gowri
Published: November 2019

Background:

Formaldehyde is a key intermediate/reagent in the synthesis of many significant
pharmaceutical compounds. It is genotoxic as it interacts with the DNA, RNA and hence there is a
pressing need to develop sensitive analytical methods for its trace level determination.

Objective:

The present study aims to develop a simple and robust Ultra-High-Performance Liquid
Chromatographic (UHPLC) method for the trace level quantification of a carcinogen-formaldehyde, in
pharmaceutical drug substance.

Methods:

This method was developed on a conventional pre-column derivatization technique with
brady’s reagent followed by fast analysis on fused core C18 Ascentis Express (150 × 4.6 mm, 2.7 μm)
column using ultraviolet (UV) detection. Optimization of the derivatization reaction time was conducted
in different pH conditions. The optimized analytical method was fully validated in accordance with
the current International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2 guidelines, which demonstrated the
developed method to be fast, specific, linear, sensitive, repeatable, accurate and convenient for routine
quality control.

Results:

The developed method was linear, accurate and precise in the concentration of 12.8 ng/mL to
510.7 ng/mL. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 3.8 ng/mL and 12.8 ng/mL, respectively.

Conclusion:

The developed UHPLC can be used effectively for trace level quantification of formaldehyde
in drug substances or drug products.
Indirect Labeling of Antibodies as a Universal Approach to Increase Sensitivity of Lateral Flow Tests: A Case Study for Mycotoxins Detection
Authors: Urusov Alexandr E. , Petrakova Alina V. , Zherdev Anatoly V. , Zvereva Elena A.
Published: November 2019

Objective:

The study aimed at increasing the sensitivity of immunochromatographic tests for the control of toxic contaminants (on the examples of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin) in agricultural products.

Methods:

For reliable immunochromatographic detection of low concentrations of analytes, a replacement of the (specific antibodies – gold nanoparticle) conjugate by a combination of native specific antibodies and anti-species antibodies conjugated with gold nanoparticles was proposed. Different variants of test systems based on the principle of indirect labeling were realized and compared.

Results:

Immunochromatographic assays with indirect labeling for aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin were implemented experimentally. A reduction in the detection limit by one to two orders of magnitude was demonstrated.

Conclusion:

The presented results confirm that indirect labeling of specific antibodies overcomes the limitations of the competitive immunochromatographic analysis and can be used to detect analytes of different chemical nature.
Sensitivity Study of Dynamics Variability for Mild-carbon Steel Structures Affected by Corrosion
Authors: Di Lorenzo Gianmaria , Landolfo Raffaele
Published: November 2019

Background:

Corrosion propagation mainly occurs due to environmental conditions and to the absence of adequate maintenance. The corrosion propagation affects the structural performances of slender and thin structures, in particular in the case of structure very sensitive to the wind action and its dynamical phenomena, because commonly they are designed with a precise optimization of the stiffness/mass ratio. The static and dynamic wind action represent an immediate safety hazard in the case of structural stiffness and mass reduction due to the corrosion depth.

Objective:

This paper discusses the dynamics behavior variability due to the corrosion depth propagation for two significant examples of slender and thin structure (i.e.tower and truss roof).

Methods:

The structures assumed as case of study are made of mild carbon. The corrosion depth variability was estimated based on literature references. The structural natural frequencies and modal shapes are assumed as significant magnitudes to discuss the effect of the corrosion on the structural elements.

Results:

Results have shown that the corrosion depth gives a significant reduction of frequencies and modification of modal shapes.

Conclusion:

Results have shown that the corrosion depth affect the structural behavior long before a structural collapse. It suggests that a monitoring must be done to estimate the structure reliability for the Serviceability limit state under Characteristic design loads.
Influence of FE Modelling Approaches on Vulnerabilities of RC School Buildings and Proposal of a CFRP Retrofitting Intervention
Authors: Valentina G. , Poiani Marina , Clementi Francesco , Pace Giuseppe , Lenci Stefano
Published: November 2019

Background:

The vulnerability assessment of existing school buildings against earthquakes represents a priority concern for society. In recent years, several countries promote seismic rehabilitation projects of school buildings, including the allocation of funds to regions with high seismic hazard.

Objective:

This research aims to highlight some key role aspects related to difficulties encountered in the numerical modelling of RC structures hosting school activities.

This work evaluates the seismic vulnerability of school buildings located in the municipality of Trecastelli (Marche, Central Italy) to quantify the effective influence of typical and specific seismic vulnerabilities detected on the global seismic behaviour of each building.

The effectiveness of a possible Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) local strengthening intervention, for the case study, aimed to confine unconfined beam-column joints is also considered.

Methods:

Three different numerical models of a Reinforced Concrete (RC) school building are implemented with the lumped plasticity, the distributed plasticity (fibre) and the 3D Continuum Finite Element (FE) approaches. Nonlinear static (pushover) analyses are performed to assess the global seismic behaviour of the structure, and the limitations to represent the reality with different approaches. After the seismic vulnerability assessment of the case study, a CFRP retrofitting intervention is proposed to confine external beam-column joints.

Results:

The comparison of the numerical results of three models shows that the fibre model is the least suitable means to represent shear problems, while the lumped plasticity model is closer to reality than the previous one even if it does not take into account the concomitance of bending, shear and axial force and the interaction between them in the inelastic response. Of course, the 3D Continuum model is the most accurate representation to describe the complex and combined mechanisms developed in the joint panels. Nonlinear static (pushover) analyses carried out on unreinforced and reinforced structures of Continuum model demonstrate that the Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) strengthening improves the displacement capacity of the structure.

Conclusion:

This study has highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of different modelling types. The meaningful information about mechanisms developed in joints given by the 3D Continuum FE model is useful to identify shortcomings of the design project and to conceive a retrofitting strengthening intervention.

CFRP sheets externally bonded on beam-column joints may improve the seismic frame performances without a significant change of the structural stiffness, promoting a ductile failure mode with a higher displacement capacity than the unreinforced case.
An Anatomy of a Hybrid Color Descriptor with a Neural Network Model to Enhance the Retrieval Accuracy of an Image Retrieval System
Authors: Bhardwaj Shikha , Pandove Gitanjali , Dahiya Pawan Kumar
Published: November 2019

Background:

In order to retrieve a particular image from vast repository of images, an
efficient system is required and such an eminent system is well-known by the name Content-Based
Image Retrieval (CBIR) system. Color is indeed an important attribute of an image and the proposed
system consist of a hybrid color descriptor which is used for color feature extraction. Deep learning
has gained a prominent importance in the current era. So, the performance of this fusion based color
descriptor is also analyzed in the presence of Deep learning classifiers.

Method:

This paper describes a comparative experimental analysis on various color descriptors and the best two are chosen to form an efficient color based hybrid system denoted as combined color moment-color autocorrelogram (Co-CMCAC). Then, to increase the retrieval accuracy of the hybrid system, a Cascade forward back propagation neural network (CFBPNN) is used. The classification accuracy obtained by using CFBPNN is also compared to Patternnet neural network.

Results:

The results of the hybrid color descriptor depict that the proposed system has superior results
in the order 95.4%, 88.2%, 84.4% and 96.05% for Corel-1K, Corel-5K, Corel-10K and Oxford
flower benchmark datasets respectively as compared to many state-of-the-art related techniques.

Conclusion:

This paper depicts an experimental and analytical analysis on different color feature
descriptors namely, Color Moment (CM), Color Auto-Correlogram (CAC), Color Histogram (CH),
Color coherence vector (CCV) and Dominant Color Descriptor (DCD). The proposed hybrid Color
Descriptor (Co-CMCAC) is utilized for the withdrawal of color features with Cascade Forward
Back Propagation Neural Network (CFBPNN) used as a classifier on four benchmark datasets
namely Corel-1K, Corel-5K and Corel-10K and Oxford flower.
Single Channel EEG Signal for Automatic Detection of Absence Seizure Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Basha Niha K. , Wahab Aisha B.
Published: November 2019

Background:

In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network to extract the seizure features
and classify them into normal or absence seizure class, is proposed as an empowerment of
monitoring system by automatic detection of absence seizure. The training data is collected from the
normal and absence seizure subjects in the form of Electroencephalography.

Objective:

To perform automatic detection of absence seizure using single channel electroencephalography
signal as input.

Methods:

This data is then used to train the proposed Convolutional Neural Network to extract and
classify absence seizure. The Convolutional Neural Network consist of three layers 1) convolutional
layer – which extract the features in the form of vector 2) Pooling layer – the dimensionality of output
from convolutional layer is reduced and 3) Fully connected layer–the activation function called
soft-max is used to find the probability distribution of output class.

Results:

The paper goes through the automatic detection of absence seizure in detail and provide the
comparative analysis of classification between Support Vector Machine and Convolutional Neural
Network.

Conclusion:

The proposed approach outperforms the performance of Support Vector Machine in automatic
detection of absence seizure.
Use of health information exchange in the continuity of care as viewed by patients and nurses (Preprint)
Authors: Itzhaki Michal , Koren Ella , Abu Hussien Khaled , Levy Liron , Gantz Irit , Barnoy Sivia
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Patients' attitudes towards sharing their personal health information are critical for implementation of Health Information Exchange (HIE). Nurses contribute significantly to information sharing within the care continuum in hospitals and community.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness and readiness of patients and nurses to use HIE.

METHODS

A cross sectional study among 312 inpatients with a chronic illness, 110 nurses working in internal wards, and 55 contact nurses working in a large Health Maintenance Organization. Multiple linear regressions were performed to assess the associations between knowledge, attitudes, socio-demographics, and both the readiness and intention to use HIE.

RESULTS

Mean levels of awareness were low across all three groups. The readiness to share information with medical healthcare providers was higher than the readiness to share information with agents not involved in direct care. Contact nurses expressed a more positive attitude than internal ward nurses or patients and were more willing than patients to share information with health care workers. All nurses (Internal ward and contact) were more willing to share information with medical agents not involved in direct care as compared to patients. Contact nurses expressed a significantly greater intention to use HIE than did internal ward nurses or patients

CONCLUSIONS

Before implementation of an HIE system, it is important to raise awareness, readiness, and intention to use HIE among the general public, nurses, and other medical staff. Policy makers should organize national campaigns under the auspices of the Ministry of Health, in order to present the advantages of HIE and provide detailed information about the systems.

CLINICALTRIAL

None
Psychiatric Profiles of eHealth Users Evaluated Using Data Mining Techniques: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lopez-Castroman Jorge , Abad-Tortosa Diana , Cobo Aguilera Aurora , Courtet Philippe , Barrigón Maria Luisa , Artés Antonio , Baca-García Enrique
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

New technologies are changing access to medical records and the relationship between physicians and patients. Professionals can now use e-mental health tools to provide prompt and personalized responses to patients with mental illness. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the digital phenotypes of patients who use e-mental health apps.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to reveal the profiles of users of a mental health app through machine learning techniques.

METHODS

We applied a nonparametric model, the Sparse Poisson Factorization Model, to discover latent features in the response patterns of 2254 psychiatric outpatients to a short self-assessment on general health. The assessment was completed through a mental health app after the first login.

RESULTS

The results showed the following four different profiles of patients: (1) all patients had feelings of worthlessness, aggressiveness, and suicidal ideas; (2) one in four reported low energy and difficulties to cope with problems; (3) less than a quarter described depressive symptoms with extremely high scores in suicidal thoughts and aggressiveness; and (4) a small number, possibly with the most severe conditions, reported a combination of all these features.

CONCLUSIONS

User profiles did not overlap with clinician-made diagnoses. Since each profile seems to be associated with a different level of severity, the profiles could be useful for the prediction of behavioral risks among users of e-mental health apps.
Teamwork and Safety Attitudes in Complex Aortic Surgery at a Dutch Hospital: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hilt Alexander D , Kaptein Ad A , Schalij Martin J , van Schaik Jan
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND

Improving teamwork in surgery is a complex goal and difficult to achieve. Human factors questionnaires, such as the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), can help us understand medical teamwork and may assist in achieving this goal.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aimed to assess local team and safety culture in a cardiovascular surgery setting to understand how purposeful teamwork improvements can be reached.

METHODS

Two cardiovascular surgical teams performing complex aortic treatments were assessed: an endovascular-treatment team (ETT) and an open-treatment team (OTT). Both teams answered an online version of the SAQ Dutch Edition (SAQ-NL) consisting of 30 questions related to six different domains of safety: teamwork climate, safety climate, job satisfaction, stress recognition, perceptions of management, and working conditions. In addition, one open-ended question was posed to gain more insight into the completed questionnaires.

RESULTS

The SAQ-NL was completed by all 23 ETT members and all 13 OTT members. Team composition was comparable for both teams: 57% and 62% males, respectively, and 48% and 54% physicians, respectively. All participants worked for 10 years or more in health care. SAQ-NL mean scores were comparable between both teams, with important differences found between the physicians and nonphysicians of the ETT. Nonphysicians were less positive about the safety climate, job satisfaction, and working climate domains than were the physicians (P<.05). Additional education on performed procedures, more conjoined team training, as well as a hybrid operating room were suggested by participants as important areas of improvement.

CONCLUSIONS

Nonphysicians of a local team performing complex endovascular aortic aneurysm surgery perceived safety climate, job satisfaction, and working conditions less positively than did physicians from the same team. Open-ended questions suggested that this is related to a lack of adequate conjoined training, lack of adequate education, and lack of an adequate operating room. With added open-ended questions, the SAQ-NL appears to be an assessment tool that allows for developing strategies that are instrumental in improving quality of care.
Efecto de la psicoeducación en el afrontamiento y adaptación al rol de cuidador familiar del adulto mayor
Authors: Cuevas-Cancino J.J. , Moreno-Pérez N.E. , Jiménez-González M.J. , Padilla-Raygoza N. , Pérez-Zamora I. , Flores-Padilla L.
Published: November 2019

Introducción: La transición demográfica y epidemiológica mundial, aunado a los avances en la ciencia y tecnología aplicados en mejorar la calidad de vida de la población, han influido en la longevidad; los individuos viven más, pero con un bienestar deficiente debido a las limitaciones y comorbilidades inherentes al envejecimiento, con las que a menudo necesitan el cuidado de alguien. Actualmente, uno de cada cuatro adultos mayores requiere de ayuda para realizar sus actividades de la vida diaria. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de una intervención de enfermería por medio de la psicoeducación para facilitar el proceso de afrontamiento y adaptación al rol de cuidador familiar del adulto mayor. Material y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, cuasi experimental, realizado en una unidad de medicina familiar, con un grupo de 70 cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores, los criterios de inclusión: adultos de 20 a 59 años que supieran leer y escribir. La intervención psicoeducativa consistió en 10 sesiones, los instrumentos aplicados pre y post intervención fueron la escala sobre el proceso de afrontamiento y adaptación, así como la que evalúa habilidad de cuidado. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: La edad de los cuidadores familiares tuvo una media de 50.6, femeninos 92.8%. La intervención fue efectiva, pues se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el pre y post en afrontamiento y adaptación (X2 Mc nemar p=0.00001), así como para la habilidad de cuidado (X2 p=0.01), lo que sugiere un efecto positivo y sostenido de la intervención. Conclusiones: Los cuidadores familiares de los adultos mayores que participaron en la intervención, mostraron un efecto positivo en la adaptación a su rol de cuidador familiar.
Adaptación cultural y validación de Parental Stressor Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit en padres mexicanos
Authors: Domínguez-Martínez V. , Cortés-Escárcega I.
Published: November 2019

Introducción: La hospitalización de un recién nacido prematuro en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN), constituye un suceso estresante para los padres, como consecuencia de factores ambientales y psicosociales de la UCIN.  Así, la identificación del grado de estrés de los padres a través de instrumentos adaptados y validados a su contexto, establecerá protocolos para disminuirlo durante la hospitalización de su hijo. 
Objetivo: Adaptar culturalmente y validar la Escala de Estrés Parental: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (PSS: NICU) para su aplicación en un grupo de madres y padres mexicanos.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal, con una muestra intencional de 130 padres de recién nacidos prematuros hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales.  El estrés parental se midió utilizando la PSS: NICU, que fue adaptada y validada para su aplicación en padres mexicanos. La información se procesó con el paquete estadístico SPSS v.24.
Resultados: El instrumento adaptado al contexto cultural en población mexicana presentó una consistencia interna de .945, probando así su confiabilidad para su aplicación en padres mexicanos. El estrés parental total promedio fue de 2.48 + .986, considerado poco estresante.
Conclusiones: La adaptación cultural y validación de la PSS: NICU en población mexicana, resultó una herramienta válida y confiable para su aplicación en padres mexicanos. El factor más asociado con el incremento del nivel de estrés fue la alteración del rol parental, por lo que es importante establecer intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la participación de los padres que apunten hacia el bienestar emocional de los mismos.
Differentiation of Optical Signals with Dielectric Ridges on Top of a Slab Waveguide
Authors: Soifer Victor A. , Golovastikov Nikita V. , Doskolovich Leonid L. , Bezus Evgeni A. , Bykov Dmitry A.
Published: November 2019

We propose two simple planar structures that enable spatial differentiation of the profile of optical beams propagating in a slab waveguide. The differentiator operating in transmission consists of a single subwavelength dielectric ridge on the surface of a slab waveguide. The differentiator operating in reflection consists of two grooves on the surface of a slab waveguide. In both cases the differentiation is performed at oblique incidence of the beam and is associated with the resonant excitation of the considered structures eigenmodes localized at the ridge or at the ridge between two grooves. It is shown that the required balance between the differentiation quality and the amplitude of the differentiated beam can be achieved by manipulating the quality factor of the resonance. The presented numerical simulation results demonstrate high-quality differentiation. The proposed differentiator may find application in ultrafast analog computing and signal processing systems.
Mindfulness and special education teachers' burnout: The serial multiple mediation effects of self-acceptance and perceived stress
Authors: Sun Jin , Wang Yongli , Wan Qin , Huang Zhaoming
Published: November 2019

We used a serial multiple mediation model of self-acceptance and perceived stress to investigate the relationship between mindfulness and burnout in Chinese special education teachers. Altogether, 307 participants completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Self-Acceptance Questionnaire,
Perceived Stress Scale, and Teacher Burnout Inventory. Results showed that self-acceptance and perceived stress had significant serial multiple mediation effects on the relationship between mindfulness and burnout. Perceived stress also partially mediated the effect of mindfulness on burnout.
However, self-acceptance did not have a mediation effect on the relationship between mindfulness and burnout. A practical implication of these findings is that increased use of mindfulness and greater self-acceptance may, as well as reducing perceived stress, help prevent and/or alleviate
burnout among special education teachers.
KESENJANGAN GENDER DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Published: November 2019

The terms gender and sex are often overlapped. The term sex in our society is often used in a dual sense. One of the factors that influence the occurrence of gender disparities is due to the variety of interpretations of the definition of gender itself. Often gender is equated with sex (sex), and the division of roles and responsibilities of each has been made in such a way and passed from year to year even from century to century, even the role of gender by society is then believed as if it was God's nature.
UPAYA ANTISIPATIF PERILAKU KOMUNITAS LGBT DI INDONESIA (Suatu Kajian Tentang Antisipatif dan Peran Edukasi Tokoh Agama)
Authors: Muhibbuthabry Muhibbuthabry
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini berjudul “Upaya Antisipatif  Perilaku Komunitas LGBT Di Indonesia (suatu kajian tentang antisipatif  dan peran edukasi tokoh agama)”. Adapun fokus kajian ini meliputi; (1) Peran tokoh agama terhadap pencegahan LGBT di kota Medan dan provinsi Aceh, (2) Kondisi perilaku LGBT di kota Medan dan provinsi Aceh, dan (3) Kebijakan pemerintah terhadap pencegahan LBGT di Medan dan Provinsi Aceh. Sementara subjek penelitian ini adalah tokoh agama dan pemerintah kabupaten/kota; kota Medan provinsi Sumatra Utara dan kota Langsa provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah purposive, yaitu penentuan subjek penelitian atas dasar pertimbangan tertentu. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah 15 tokoh agama, 2 Pejabat terkait pada dua kota madya; Medan dan kota Langsa provinsi Aceh. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Peran edukasi tokoh agama terhadap pencegahan perilaku LGBT di kota Medan dan provinsi Aceh, meliputi; sosialisasi bahaya LBGT, pembimbing, pendidik, peran sosial, dan figur (modeling). (2) Kondisi perilaku LGBT di kota Medan dan provinsi Aceh, berdasarkan berbagai sumber informasi yang diperoleh kondisi LGBT di Kota Medan Sumatera Utara mencapai 600 orang, sementara di Kota Langsa khususnya sampai saat ini belum ditemukan kasus LGBT, namun secara umum di provinsi Aceh terdapat 500 orang LGBT. (3) Kebijakan pemerintah terhadap pencegahan LGBT di Medan dan Provinsi Aceh, meliputi; pendekatan preventif  dan kuratif, khusus untuk pendekatan kuratif sampai saat ini belum dilaksanakan karena belum ada undang-undang yang mengatur tentang LGBT.
PROBLEMATIKA PEMBELAJARAN PAI PADA MADRASAH TSNAWIYAH DI WILAYAH BARAT SELATAN ACEH
Authors: Mulasi Syibran
Published: November 2019

This study aims to see the problems faced by teachers in Islamic Education learning (PAI) and the factors that cause these problems to occur. Data collection was focused on islamic junior hight school in five districts in the South West of Aceh, namely Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat, Nagan Raya, Aceh Barat Daya and Aceh Selatan. This study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviewing and observing Islamic education teachers and the principle. the result showed that the problem of islamic eucation learning occurs because of the lack of facilities and infrastructure of learning, such as reading books and other supporting learning facilities in which it affects the lack of interest in reading and student learning at school. While the factors that led to these problems were limited variations in methods and models of teaching in learning esed by the teachers. furthermore, Student learning motivation is not so increased and learning is more dominant in cognitive nature, so that students understand about religion only but have not been able to maximize it in daily life. In addition, the solution given by Islamic education teachers motivate and advice the students to get better learning. then, teachers develops learning media for education by utilizing all available facilities so that the enthusiasm of students' learning in the teaching and learning process are able to increase.
SYAFA'AT (INTERCESSION) IN AL-QUR'AN PERSPECTIVE (A Study on the Interpretation of Maudhu'i)
Authors: Arifin Zaenal
Published: November 2019

This study aims to find out the Al-Qur'an's view on the theme of intercession, understand intercession in relation to other than Allah, such as Angels, Rasulallah, Al-Qur'an and know who has the right to obtain intercession and its criteria. The study was designed through descriptive research conducted with a thematic qualitative approach with the maudhu'i method. The subjects in this study are library research, that is, all data sources come from written materials related to the topics discussed. Data analysis in this study uses text analysis. The results of this study indicate that syafa'at is still being discussed by the scholars, but most of the scholars say that the syafa'at exists later on the Day of Judgment. As for the group that believes that there is Shafi'i is the Shiite and Ahlussunah groups, while the Mu'tazilah group believes that there is no Syafa'at in the afterlife, of course with their respective arguments. As for those who can give syafa'at are angels, prophets, pious people and good deeds, of course after getting permission and blessings from God.
MODEL INTEGRASI ILMU DAN PENGEMBANGANNYA DI FAKULTAS SYARI’AH DAN HUKUM UIN AR-RANIRY BANDA ACEH DAN UIN SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Jakfar Tarmizi M , Ramly Fuad , Fuadi Maimun , Sabil Jabbar
Published: November 2019

Integration of science is a central issue in the arena of the State Islamic University (UIN) in Indonesia, including UIN Ar-Raniry and UIN North Sumatra. One of the main problems that is increasingly discourse is the model of the integration of knowledge that is put in place and the development efforts implemented. Although UIN Ar-Raniry has an integration model of "Frikatifisasi Ilmu" and UIN North Sumatra with the "Integrative Transdisciplinary" model, the Syari'ah Faculty academics and the second Law of the UIN generally do not understand it definitively, so that the integration model does not play an effective role in the process integration of sciences. Therefore, constructive evaluation, comprehensive socialization, and a more intensive development strategy involve all related components. The expected goal of this study is to present a description of the integration model of science that is valid and understood in the second FSH of the UIN, along with its implementation and development in the present. As a qualitative study, this study uses descriptive, interpretative, and comparative analysis methods / techniques. The data analyzed mainly comes from the results of interviews with lecturers and FGDs with students of the School of Comparative Study Program and the FSH State Law Study Program, in addition to other related data.
AL-I’JAZ BAYNA AL-TAHLIL WA AL-TALAQQI LADAY ‘ULAMA’ AL-QARNAYN AL-RABI’ WA AL-KHAMIS
Authors: Al-Shbiel Abeer Obeid , Aly Qusaiyen
Published: November 2019

There are various reasons for our choice of this period of the scientific Arab history: the first is the richness in thought, culture, philosophy and experimentation, following the internationalization of the peoples of the Abbasid Caliphate. The second is the maturity of the individual creative tools of scientists in most fields of knowledge, especially in the linguistic ones which formed the basis from which all Arab sciences sprang. Based on the above, we follow the analytical methods of miracle scholars. The first of these scholars was Ramani, who was interested in individual performances and in rhetorical art in its individuality. The second was Abu Suleiman al-Khattabi, who preoccupied himself with researching in the depths of the problem. The third was Baqalani Abu Bakr Muhammad, the author of the theory of equanimity and inequality. The fourth was judge Abduljabbar who tried to link between the mind and language. The fifth was Abdulqahir Al-Jerjani, the founder of the theory of systems. Indeed each of these scholars has studied the issue of Quranic miracle in a way which suited their methods, and then discussed the ways his views were received in private and in public. We claim that we have paid special attention to the specificity of grammar as a basis, for all of them, for the study of miracles, and none of them has been freed from the study of poetry. However, Al-Jarjani attributed poetry as the necessary basis for the knowledge of miracles, and we did come out with some conclusions which we have noted at the end of our research.
AÇÃO ANTIOXIDANTE DO RESVERATROL NO TRATAMENTO DERMATOLÓGICO: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Ücker Juliana Maronn , Rigo Marinês Pérsigo Morais
Published: November 2019

A pele, maior órgão do corpo humano, além de envolver a superfície externa do corpo, possui importantes funções como a termorregulação, proteção, percepção e metabolização. Com o passar do tempo, o organismo sofre mudanças fisiológicas e um dos temas de grande importância nos dias de hoje é o envelhecimento. Várias teorias tentam explicar este processo, entretanto, a teoria envolvendo radicais livres e espécies reativas de oxigênio é uma das mais exploradas. O resveratrol, um importante polifenol, presente especialmente na uva e seus derivados, vêm sendo amplamente estudado devido a seus vários benefícios à saúde, entre eles, a capacidade antioxidante. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é discorrer sobre a ação antioxidante do resveratrol no tratamento dermatológico. A pesquisa constitui-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, realizada por meio de buscas nas bases de dados Scielo, Google Acadêmico e PubMed, publicados entre 2003 e 2019, tanto na língua portuguesa como inglesa, no período de dezembro de 2018 a fevereiro de 2019, utilizando as palavras-chave: resveratrol, antioxidante, cosméticos e saúde. Estudos demonstraram que formulações contendo resveratrol obtiveram resultados benéficos, como a redução dos sinais relacionados ao envelhecimento. Além disso, o resveratrol também apresentou significativa superioridade na atividade antioxidante em relação ao butil-hidróxi-tolueno (BHT), um antioxidante sintético. Os dados existentes na literatura apontam a grande importância do resveratrol, principalmente por sua capacidade antioxidante. No entanto, é fundamental que se desenvolvam cada vez mais estudos para aprofundar os conhecimentos e expandir o uso deste ativo na área cosmética.