bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 4–Mediated Fatty Acid Metabolism Sustains Androgen Receptor Pathway–Independent Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ma Yongjie , Zhang Xiaohan , Alsaidan Omar Awad , Yang Xiangkun , Sulejmani Essilvo , Zha Junyi , Beharry Zanna , Huang Hanwen , Bartlett Michael , Lewis Zachary , Cai Houjian
Published: October 2020

Androgen deprivation therapy has led to elevated cases of androgen receptor (AR) pathway–independent prostate cancer with dysregulated fatty acid metabolism. However, it is unclear how prostate cancer cells sustain dysregulated fatty acid metabolism to drive AR-independent prostate cancer. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSL) catalyze the conversion of fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoAs that are required for fatty acid metabolism. In this study, we demonstrate that expression levels of ACSL3 and 4 were oppositely regulated by androgen–AR signaling in prostate cancer cells. AR served as a transcription suppressor to bind at the ACSL4 promoter region and inhibited its transcription. Inhibition of androgen–AR signaling significantly downregulated ACSL3 and PSA, but elevated ACSL4 levels. ACSL4 regulated a broad spectrum of fatty acyl-CoA levels, and its catalytic efficiency in fatty acyl-CoAs biosynthesis was about 1.9- to 4.3-fold higher than ACSL3. In addition, in contrast to ACSL3, ACSL4 significantly regulated global protein myristoylation or myristoylation of Src kinase in prostate cancer cells. Knockdown of ACSL4 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft growth of AR-independent prostate cancer cells. Our results suggest that the surge of ACSL4 levels by targeting AR signaling increases fatty acyl-CoAs biosynthesis and protein myristoylation, indicating the opposite, yet complementary or Yin-Yang regulation of ACSL3 and 4 levels in sustaining fatty acid metabolism when targeting androgen–AR signaling. This study reveals a mechanistic understanding of ACSL4 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of AR-independent prostate cancer.

Implications:

AR coordinately regulates the expression of ACSL3 and ACSL4, such that AR pathway–independent prostate tumors become dependent on ACSL4-mediated fatty acid metabolism.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa in a Patient Affected by Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome: Insight into the Role of Hormones in HS
Authors: Ruggiero Angelo , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Megna Matteo , Monfrecola Giuseppe , Marasca Claudio
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin disease, which usually occurs after puberty. Even if the pathogenesis of HS is still unproven, numerous studies hypothesized that the disease is triggered by genetic and environmental factors, with hormones playing a central role. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a congenital malformation in which a failure of Müllerian duct development results in absent uterus and fallopian tubes and malformations of the vagina. Case Presentation: A 38-year-old Caucasian female referred at our outpatient clinic affected by HS. Before the appearance of HS manifestations, the patient referred to a gynecologist due to difficulties in getting pregnant. The sonographic findings were consistent with MRKH syndrome. An ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization was started. However, after 3 months the patient showed the first HS onset. After the hormonal treatment ended, a combined treatment with rifampicin and clindamycin was started, showing a great clinical improvement at week 10. Discussion/Conclusion: HS usually appears after puberty, exhibits premenstrual flare, improves in pregnancy, and worsens postpartum, which indicates a role of hormones and particularly of androgens in its pathophysiology. Contrasting data are reported in the literature. Our case wants to strengthen the idea that hormones could play an important role, probably with other endogenous or exogenous factors. Multidisciplinary investigations will clarify which part is played by each factor in the pathogenesis of HS.
Serum Lipid and Adiponectin Improvements after a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern in Non-G-Allele Carriers of the Variant rs3774261
Authors: de Luis Daniel A. , Primo David , Izaola Olatz , Gómez Emilia , Bachiller Rosario
Published: October 2020

Background: The role of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) polymorphisms in weight loss and serum lipid changes following different dietary interventions remain unclear. The Mediterranean dietary pattern has been associated with improved cardiovascular risk factors in different studies. Objective: Our aim was to analyze the effects of a hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean dietary pattern on the metabolic response and adiposity parameters, taking into account the 712 G/A rs3774261 polymorphisms in ADIPOQ. Design: A population of 135 obese patients was enrolled. Anthropometric and serum parameters (lipid profile, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], glucose, C-reactive protein [CRP], adiponectin, resistin, and leptin levels) were measured before and after the dietary intervention (12 weeks). All of the patients were genotyped for the rs3774261 polymorphism. Results: The genotype distribution of this population was 36 patients with AA (26.7%), 68 patients with AG (50.4%), and 31 patients with GG (22.9%). After the dietary intervention and in both genotypes, BMI, weight, fat mass, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and leptin levels all decreased. After the dietary intervention with secondary weight loss and in non-G-allele carriers (AA vs. AG+GG), total cholesterol (Δ = –15.7 ± 3.9 vs. –4.9 ± 2.9 mg/dL; p = 0.02), LDL cholesterol (Δ = –15.3 ± 3.8 vs. –1.7 ± 1.9 mg/dL; p = 0.01), triglyceride levels (Δ = –23.4 ± 5.6 vs. 2.3 ± 2.3 mg/dL; p = 0.01), and CRP (Δ = –1.1 ± 0.1 vs. –0.4 ± 0.2 mg/dL; p = 0.01) decreased. Adiponectin levels (Δ = 7.2 ± 2.1 vs. –0.4 ± 0.3 ng/dL; p = 0.02) increased. Notably, G-allele carriers did not show this improvement. Conclusion: Non-G-allele carriers of the ADIPOQ variant (rs3774261) showed significant improvement in serum levels of adiponectin, lipid profiles, and CRP in response to a hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean dietary pattern.
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repair with Mesh: Description of Surgical Technique Using the Surelift® Anterior Repair System
Authors: Mateu-Arrom Laura , Gutiérrez-Ruiz Cristina , Palou Redorta Joan , Errando-Smet Carlos
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Although the use of transvaginal mesh (TVM) in the repair of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) has been restricted, there are still some cases in which TVM may be the most appropriate approach. The TVM Surelift® anterior repair surgical technique has not been described previously. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the surgical technique and to report our preliminary results regarding efficacy and complications. Methods: A step-by-step description of surgical technique is presented. A descriptive retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate our preliminary results in 17 women who underwent POP repair using the Surelift® anterior repair system in our department between 2014 and 2017. TVM was offered to patients with symptomatic apical (primary or recurrent) or recurrent anterior POP stage ≥2. POP recurrence was classified as asymptomatic anatomic or symptomatic. Patients rated satisfaction with surgery on a scale from 0 to 10. Complications during follow-up were classified according to the International Urogynecological Association/International Continence Society recommendations. Results: Median (IQR) follow-up was 19.9 months (24.8). Two (11.8%) anatomic recurrences were identified, both symptomatic, but neither required further surgery. No cases of pelvic pain, dyspareunia, voiding, or defecatory dysfunction were detected. Two (11.8%) patients presented a <1-cm vaginal mesh exposure (2AaT3S2) requiring partial mesh removal through a vaginal approach. At the end of follow-up, median satisfaction (IQR) with the surgery was 9 (3.1). Conclusion: The Surelift® anterior repair system is effective in correcting apical or recurrent anterior POP, with a high patient satisfaction rate. Complications after this surgery are infrequent and are mostly related to vaginal mesh exposure.
Musical Intervals in Infants’ Spontaneous Crying over the First 4 Months of Life
Authors: Armbrüster Lotte , Mende Werner , Gelbrich Götz , Wermke Peter , Götz Regina , Wermke Kathleen
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Perception and memorizing of melody and rhythm start about the third trimester of gestation. Infants have astonishing musical predispositions, and melody contour is most salient for them. Objective: To longitudinally analyse melody contour of spontaneous crying of healthy infants and to identify melodic intervals. The aim was 3-fold: (1) to answer the question whether spontaneous crying of healthy infants regularly exhibits melodic intervals across the observation period, (2) to investigate whether interval events become more complex with age and (3) to analyse interval size distribution. Methods: Weekly cry recordings of 12 healthy infants (6 females) over the first 4 months of life were analysed (6,130 cry utterances) using frequency spectrograms and pitch analyses (PRAAT). A preselection of utterances containing a well-identifiable, noise-free and undisturbed melodic contour was applied to identify and measure melodic intervals in the final subset of 3,114 utterances. Age-dependent frequency of occurrence of melodic intervals was statistically analysed using generalized estimating equations. Results: 85.3% of all preselected melody contours (n = 3,114) either contained single rising or falling melodic intervals or complex events as combinations of both. In total 6,814 melodic intervals were measured. A significant increase in interval occurrence was found characterized by a non-linear age effect (3 developmental phases). Complex events were found to significantly increase linearly with age. In both calculations, no sex effect was found. Interval size distribution showed a maximum of the minor second as the prevailing musical interval in infants’ crying over the first 4 months of life. Conclusion: Melodic intervals seem to be a regular phenomenon of spontaneous crying of healthy infants. They are suggested to be a further candidate for developing an early risk marker of vocal control in infants. Subsequent studies are needed to compare healthy infants and infants at risk for respiratory-laryngeal dysfunction to investigate the diagnostic value of the occurrence of melodic intervals and their age-depending complexification.
What Should Clinicians Tell Patients about Placebo and Nocebo Effects? Practical Considerations Based on Expert Consensus
Authors: Evers Andrea W.M. , Colloca Luana , Blease Charlotte , Gaab Jens , Jensen Karin B. , Atlas Lauren Y. , Beedie Chris J. , Benedetti Fabrizio , Bingel Ulrike , Büchel Christian , Bussemaker Jet , Colagiuri Ben , Crum Alia J. , Finniss Damien G. , Geers Andrew L. , Howick Jeremy , Klinger Regine , Meeuwis Stefanie H. , Meissner Karin , Napadow Vitaly , Petrie Keith J. , Rief Winfried , Smeets Ionica , Wager Tor D. , Wanigasekera Vishvarani , Vase Lene , Kelley John M. , Kirsch Irving ,   on behalf of the Consortium of Placebo Experts
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Clinical and laboratory studies demonstrate that placebo and nocebo effects influence various symptoms and conditions after the administration of both inert and active treatments. Objective: There is an increasing need for up-to-date recommendations on how to inform patients about placebo and nocebo effects in clinical practice and train clinicians how to disclose this information. Methods: Based on previous clinical recommendations concerning placebo and nocebo effects, a 3-step, invitation-only Delphi study was conducted among an interdisciplinary group of internationally recognized experts. The study consisted of open- and closed-ended survey questions followed by a final expert meeting. The surveys were subdivided into 3 parts: (1) informing patients about placebo effects, (2) informing patients about nocebo effects, and (3) training clinicians how to communicate this information to the patients. Results: There was consensus that communicating general information about placebo and nocebo effects to patients (e.g., explaining their role in treatment) could be beneficial, but that such information needs to be adjusted to match the specific clinical context (e.g., condition and treatment). Experts also agreed that training clinicians to communicate about placebo and nocebo effects should be a regular and integrated part of medical education that makes use of multiple formats, including face-to-face and online modalities. Conclusions: The current 3-step Delphi study provides consensus-based recommendations and practical considerations for disclosures about placebo and nocebo effects in clinical practice. Future research is needed on how to optimally tailor information to specific clinical conditions and patients’ needs, and on developing standardized disclosure training modules for clinicians.
Cerebral Perfusion and the Burden of Small Vessel Disease in Patients Referred to a Memory Clinic
Authors: Onkenhout Laurien , Appelmans Nadine , Kappelle L. Jaap , Koek Dineke , Exalto Lieza , de Bresser Jeroen , Biessels Geert Jan ,   on behalf of the Utrecht VCI Study Group
Published: October 2020

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) lesions on MRI are common in patients with cognitive impairment. It has been suggested that cerebral hypoperfusion is involved in the etiology of these lesions. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and SVD burden in patients referred to a memory clinic with SVD on MRI. Method: We included 132 memory clinic patients (mean age 73 ± 10, 56% male) with SVD on MRI. We excluded patients with large non-lacunar cortical infarcts. Global CBF (mL/min per 100 mL of brain tissue) was derived from 2-dimensional phase-contrast MRI focused on the internal carotid arteries and the basilar artery. SVD burden was defined as the sum of (each 1 point): white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) Fazekas 1 or more, lacunes, microbleeds (MBs), or enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS) presence, and each SVD feature separately. Linear regression analyses were performed to study the association between CBF and SVD burden, age- and sex-adjusted. Results: Median SVD burden score was 2, 36.4% of patients had MBs, 35.6% lacunar infarcts, 48.4% intermediate to severe enlarged PVS, and 57.6% a WMH Fazekas score 2 or more. Median WMH volume was 21.4 mL (25% quartile: 9.6 mL, 75% quartile: 32.5 mL). Mean CBF ± SD was 44.0 ± 11.9 mL/min per 100 mL brain. There was no relation between CBF and overall SVD burden (CBF difference per burden score point [95% CI]: −0.5 [−2.4; 1.4] mL/min/100 mL brain, p = 0.9). CBF did also not differ according to presence or absence or an high burden of any of the individual SVD features. Moreover, there was no significant relation between WMH volume and CBF (CBF difference per ml increase in WMH [95% CI] −0.6 [−1.5; 0.3] mL/min/100 mL brain p = 0.2). Conclusion: Global CBF was not related to overall SVD burden or with individual SVD features in this memory clinic cohort, indicating that in this setting these lesions were not primarily due to cerebral hypoperfusion.
Entre o querer e o não querer
Authors: Silva Corrêa Diogo
Published: October 2020

Este artigo é um estudo sobre a trajetória de vida e as modificações de si de um único ator, a partir dos processos de transformação ocorridos, nas últimas décadas, nas favelas cariocas, focando-se na relação entre evangélicos e traficantes de droga. Com base em uma etnografia de quase dois anos na Cidade de Deus, defendo que a religião e o tráfico se apresentam sob a modalidade de formas de vida que se emaranham e se transformam mutuamente. Para isso, desenvolvo o que chamo de sociologia dos problemas íntimos, isto é, uma metodologia que visa a apreender um único convertido através de seus problemas. Argumento, por fim, que essa análise do processo de transformação, em uma escala bem individual, me permite reelaborar o conceito de conversão para além de um “conceito nativo” religioso e da narrativa clássica da conversão.
Elementar: Antonio Candido, inventor do inventivo Sérgio Buarque de Holanda
Authors: Madureira Maia Vinícius , Marques Rodrigues Kadma
Published: October 2020

Ao reconstituir, com base em diversas fontes documentais (inclusive inéditas, ao que consta), a longa relação de camaradagem entre Antonio Candido e Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, discorre--se, no presente artigo, sobre o papel daquele crítico literário para a ulterior afirmação de Raízes do Brasil no cenário das ideias brasileiras. Conclui-se que a amizade entre ambos os intelectuais foi decisiva para a sagração desse livro – e, decerto, a de seu autor – como clássico da literatura nacional não ficcional.
¿Requiem para Solari?
Authors: Markarian Vania
Published: October 2020

En la segunda mitad de los sesenta, con la renuncia de Aldo Solari al Instituto de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de la República, una nueva generación de cientistas sociales intentó dar un cambio de rumbo radical a ese espacio académico. Este artículo analiza las razones del alejamiento de Solari y plantea diferencias entre modos de entender el estudio de lo social en esos años. Asume un énfasis político-institucional para estudiar la articulación de esas posturas con los procesos contemporáneos de transformación estructural de la universidad y las actividades de organizaciones internacionales que promovían el cultivo de las ciencias sociales en América Latina. Todos esos intentos se frustaron con el golpe de Estado de 1973. Justo allí se detiene este texto.
Sociologia da literatura
Authors: Campos Névio de
Published: October 2020

Resenha do livro de Gisèle Sapiro Sociologia da LIteratura, Belo Horizonte, Moinhos/Contafios, 2019
Literatura e audiovisual em José Mauro de Vasconcelos
Authors: Leão Andrea Borges , Farias Edson
Published: October 2020

Este artigo abre um debate sobre as condições de circulação e recepção transnacional das obras como fator de diferenciação nas carreiras literarias nacionais. O objetivo central é mostrar de que modo as dinâmicas da tradução funcionam como recursos possíveis para reconhecimento e consagração, considerando escritores posicionados nas margens da produção simbólica nacional. O percurso do escritor José Mauro de Vasconcelos, cuja obra descreve movimentos entre a literatura e o audiovisual a partir de 1950, estabelece relações explicativas de alto rendimento analítico com a problemática da recepção transnacional da produção brasileira. A confluência e a transferência entre cânones nacionais, além de aproximar escalas de observação dos regimes de autoria, vinculam-se à circulação da literatura popular sentimental para além dela mesma.
Coelho Netto, o “homem com profissão”
Authors: Da Rosa Bordignon Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo dedica-se ao exame das experiências sociais, escolares e culturais que marcam a trajetória de Henrique Maximiano Coelho Netto, e são a base para suas estratégias de carreira e concepções do trabalho intelectual. A partir da mobilização de um conjunto de materiais biográficos e autobiográficos, são explorados os condicionantes e as disposições que contribuem na conformação de uma posição específica, da qual Coelho Netto é o caso exemplar.
tPA Mobilizes Immune Cells That Exacerbate Hemorrhagic Transformation in Stroke
Authors: Shi Kaibin , Zou Ming , Jia Dong-Mei , Shi Samuel , Yang Xiaoxia , Liu Qiang , Dong Jing-fei , Sheth Kevin N. , Wang Xiaoying , Shi Fu-Dong
Published: October 2020

Rationale:

Hemorrhagic complications represent a major limitation of intravenous thrombolysis using tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) in patients with ischemic stroke. The expression of tPA receptors on immune cells raises the question of what effects tPA exerts on these cells and whether these effects contribute to thrombolysis-related hemorrhagic transformation.

Objective:

We aim to determine the impact of tPA on immune cells and investigate the association between observed immune alteration with hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke patients and in a rat model of embolic stroke.

Methods and Results:

Paired blood samples were collected before and 1 hour after tPA infusion from 71 patients with ischemic stroke. Control blood samples were collected from 27 ischemic stroke patients without tPA treatment. A rat embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion model was adopted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of hemorrhagic transformation. We report that tPA induces a swift surge of circulating neutrophils and T cells with profoundly altered molecular features in ischemic stroke patients and a rat model of focal embolic stroke. tPA exacerbates endothelial injury, increases adhesion and migration of neutrophils and T cells, which are associated with brain hemorrhage in rats subjected to embolic stroke. Genetic ablation of annexin A2 in neutrophils and T cells diminishes the effect of tPA on these cells. Decoupling the interaction between mobilized neutrophils/T cells and the neurovascular unit, achieved via a S1PR (sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor) 1 modulator RP101075 and a CCL2 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2) synthesis inhibitor bindarit, which block lymphocyte egress and myeloid cell recruitment, respectively, attenuates hemorrhagic transformation and improves neurological function after tPA thrombolysis.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that immune invasion of the neurovascular unit represents a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying tPA-mediated brain hemorrhage, which can be overcome by precise immune modulation during thrombolytic therapy.
Exercise Training-Induced Repolarization Abnormalities Masquerading as Congenital Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Dagradi Federica , Spazzolini Carla , Castelletti Silvia , Pedrazzini Matteo , Kotta Maria-Christina , Crotti Lia , Schwartz Peter J.
Published: October 2020

Background:

The diagnosis of long QT syndrome (LQTS) is rather straightforward. We were surprised by realizing that, despite long-standing experience, we were making occasional diagnostic errors by considering as affected subjects who, over time, resulted as not affected. These individuals were all actively practicing sports—an observation that helped in the design of our study.

Methods:

We focused on subjects referred to our center by sports medicine doctors on suspicion of LQTS because of marked repolarization abnormalities on the ECG performed during the mandatory medical visit necessary in Italy to obtain the certificate of eligibility to practice sports. They all underwent our standard procedures involving both a resting and 12-lead ambulatory ECG, an exercise stress test, and genetic screening.

Results:

There were 310 such consecutive subjects, all actively practicing sports with many hours of intensive weekly training. Of them, 111 had a normal ECG, different cardiac diseases, or were lost to follow-up and exited the study. Of the remaining 199, all with either clear QTc prolongation and/or typical repolarization abnormalities, 121 were diagnosed as affected based on combination of ECG abnormalities with positive genotyping (QTc, 482±35 ms). Genetic testing was negative in 78 subjects, but 45 were nonetheless diagnosed as affected by LQTS based on unequivocal ECG abnormalities (QTc, 472±33 ms). The remaining 33, entirely asymptomatic and with a negative family history, showed an unexpected and practically complete normalization of the ECG abnormalities (their QTc shortened from 492±37 to 423±25 ms [
P
<0.001]; their Schwartz score went from 3.0 to 0.06) after detraining. They were considered not affected by congenital LQTS and are henceforth referred to as “cases.” Furthermore, among them, those who resumed similarly heavy physical training showed reappearance of the repolarization abnormalities.

Conclusion:

It is not uncommon to suspect LQTS among individuals actively practicing sports based on marked repolarization abnormalities. Among those who are genotype-negative, >40% normalize their ECG after detraining, but the abnormalities tend to recur with resumption of training. These individuals are not affected by congenital LQTS but could have a form of acquired LQTS. Care should be exercised to avoid diagnostic errors.
Mas Receptor Activation Contributes to the Improvement of Nitric Oxide Bioavailability and Vascular Remodeling During Chronic AT1R (Angiotensin Type-1 Receptor) Blockade in Experimental Hypertension
Authors: Savoia Carmine , Arrabito Emanuele , Parente Rosa , Nicoletti Carmine , Madaro Luca , Battistoni Allegra , Filippini Antonio , Steckelings Ulrike M. , Touyz Rhian M. , Volpe Massimo
Published: October 2020

Angiotensin (1–7) production increases during AT1R (angiotensin type-1 receptor) blockade. The contribution of Ang (1–7) (angiotensin [1–7]) and its receptor (MasR) to the favorable effect of angiotensin receptor blockers on remodeling and function of resistance arteries remains unclear. We sought to determine whether MasR contributes to the improvement of vascular structure and function during chronic AT1R blockade. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with Ang (1–7) or olmesartan ± MasR antagonist A-779, or vehicle, for 14 days. Blood pressure was measured by tail cuff methodology. Mesenteric arteries were dissected and mounted on a pressurized micromyograph to evaluate media-to-lumen ratio (M/L) and endothelial function. Expression of MasR and eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) was evaluated by immunoblotting, plasma nitrate by colorimetric assay, and reactive oxygen species production by dihydroethidium staining. Independently of blood pressure, olmesartan significantly reduced M/L and improved NO bioavailability, A-779 prevented these effects. Likewise, Ang (1–7) significantly reduced M/L and NO bioavailability. MasR expression was significantly increased by Ang (1–7) as well as by olmesartan, and it was blunted in the presence of A-779. Both Ang (1–7) and olmesartan increased eNOS expression and plasma nitrite which were reduced by A-779. Superoxide generation was attenuated by olmesartan and Ang (1–7) and was blunted in the presence of A-779. These MasR-mediated actions were independent of AT2R activation since olmesartan and Ang (1–7) increased MasR expression and reduced M/L in Ang II (angiotensin II)–infused AT2R knockout mice, independently of blood pressure control. A-779 prevented these effects. Hence, MasR activation may contribute to the favorable effects of AT1R antagonism on NO bioavailability and microvascular remodeling, independently of AT2R activation and blood pressure control.
Mechanical Thrombectomy in Medium Vessel Occlusions
Authors: Pérez-García Carlos , Moreu Manuel , Rosati Santiago , Simal Patricia , Egido Jose Antonio , Gomez-Escalonilla Carlos , Arrazola Juan
Published: October 2020

Background and Purpose:

Mechanical thrombectomy techniques for intracranial medium vessel occlusions (MeVOs) have evolved in recent years, although the optimal approach is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of mechanical thrombectomy in MeVOs using mini (0.017 inches microcatheter compatible) stent retrievers combined with low-profile (0.035 inches distal inner diameter) distal aspiration catheters through the blind exchange/mini-pinning (BEMP) technique compared with mini stent retrievers alone.

Methods:

Retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of patients treated with the BEMP technique or mini stent retriever alone for intracranial MeVOs from 2017 to 2020 in a comprehensive stroke center. Both groups were compared about baseline characteristics, occlusion site, clinical presentation, clot cause, procedural outcomes (MeVO first-pass and final expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia score, the mini stent retriever used, number of passes with the front-line approach, and need of rescue therapy), safety outcomes (emboli to unwanted territories and hemorrhagic complications), and clinical outcomes at 90 days. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed with potential predictors of vessel recanalization to find independent variables associated with MeVO first-pass expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia 2c/3 recanalization.

Results:

We reviewed 102 patients/106 MeVOs treated with the BEMP technique (n=56) or mini stent retriever (n=50). There was a higher rate of MeVO first-pass expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia 2c/3 recanalization (57% versus 34%,
P
=0.017), lower need of rescue therapy (7.1% versus 22%,
P
=0.028), and lower rate of emboli to new territory (1.8% versus 12%,
P
=0.035) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (1.9% versus 12.8%,
P
=0.038) with the BEMP technique. After multivariable analysis, the sole independent factor associated to MeVO first-pass expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Ischemia 2c/3 recanalization was the BEMP technique (odds ratio, 2.72 [95% CI, 1.19–6.22];
P
=0.018).

Conclusions:

In the setting of MeVOs, the BEMP technique may lead to higher rates of the first-pass recanalization and a lower incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage than mini stent retrievers alone.
ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CONVERGENCE IN CARBON EMISSION PER CAPITA FOR MENA COUNTRIES
Authors: YILDIZ Ümit , ÇELEBİ BOZ Füsun
Published: October 2020

In this study, it is mainly aimed to investigate whether carbon emission rates tend to converge for MENA countries. In this context, the convergence of carbon emissions per capita in MENA countries is examined for the period 1965-2014. In the study in which panel data econometric methods are applied, it is primarily investigated whether there are cross-sectional dependence on the variables. After the determination of cross-sectional dependency, the stationarity of the series are examined by CADF unit root test. According to the test results, it is concluded that the carbon emission rates series in MENA countries are stationary at I(1). The results of the study indicate that the carbon emission per capita in MENA countries tends to converge and they are in a similar industrialization process
TERKİBİ ARAYAN AYDIN: AHMET HAMDİ TANPINAR
Authors: YÜCEL Ömer Faruk
Published: October 2020

Toplumu her yönüyle “yeni” ve “Batılı” ilerleme anlayışında değiştiren modernleşme, Türk toplum ve devlet yapısına 19. yüzyıldan itibaren girmeye başlamıştır. Batı dışı toplum ve devlet yapısına sahip ülkeler Batının dinamiklerinden ve gelişim aşamalarından mahrumdur. Bu yüzden modernleşme / batılılaşma vakıası Türk İslâm kültür ve geleneği içinde birtakım meseleleri de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu meselelerin aşılmasında toplumun düşüncelerini temsil eden gazeteci – sanatçı – bilim adamı olan aydınların önemli bir etkisi söz konusudur. Türk modernleşmesinde de aydınların önemli rolü vardır. Bu çalışma, Cumhuriyet devri aydınlarından Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın görüş, düşünce ve kanaatleriyle nasıl bir aydın kimliği ortaya koyduğunu ele almaktadır. Muhtelif eserlerinde Tanpınar, bizzat kendi aydın kişiliğini yansıtır. Doğu Batı arasında müşterek bir bağ inşa eden, “terkibin peşinde” bir aydın olarak Tanpınar’ın muhtelif eserleri, modernleşme, Türk modernleşmesi ve aydın kavramlarının teorik temelleri ışığında incelenmiştir.
Cymbidium brevifolium (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular data

Authors: ZHOU ZHUANG , ZHANG DIYANG , CHEN GUI-ZHEN , YU XIA , LI CHENG-RU , LAN SI-REN , LIU ZHONG-JIAN
Published: October 2020

A new orchid species, Cymbidium brevifolium, from Hubei Province, China, is described and illustrated based on morphological and molecular analyses. A detailed comparison between the newly discovered orchid and other members of Cymbidium was conducted. The new orchid is distinct from all other recognized species in Cymbidium. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid DNA (matK and rbcL) sequence data support the status of C. brevifolium as a new species, which is sister to C. faberi.
Aloe ×engelbrechtii (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a new South African nothospecies with A. arborescens and A. hardyi as parents

Authors: SMITH GIDEON F. , FIGUEIREDO ESTRELA
Published: October 2020

Aloe arborescens Miller (1768: no. 3 on first page headed “ALO ALO”) (Fig. 1A) is a parent of some intergeneric alooid hybrids, as well as of interspecific hybrids in Aloe Linnaeus (1753: 319), that have become popular in domestic and even industrial-scale horticulture [see for example Smith & Figueiredo 2015: 20, and Figueiredo & Smith 2019 on A. ×caesia Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck (1817: 29)]. Numerous forms of A. arborescens have additionally been provided with cultivar names (Van Jaarsveld 2002, Smith et al. 2021). Where A. arborescens and A. hardyi Glen (1987: plate 1942) (Figs 1B, C) are grown together, these two species hybridise with great ease and offspring of this hybrid are increasingly found in cultivation. However, to date the hybrid with the formula A. arborescens × A. hardyi does not have a name to enable easy communication about it. We here describe this increasingly common horticultural hybrid as A. ×engelbrechtii Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo (Figs 2A, B).
Heth pivari n. sp. (Nematoda: Ransomnematoidea: Hethidae) from the indigenous North American millipede Narceus gordanus (Spirobolida: Spirobolidae), with keys for worldwide Heth spp.
Authors: PHILLIPS GARY , MOULTON JOHN K. , BERNARD ERNEST C.
Published: October 2020

Forty-four specimens of the millipede Narceus gordanus Chamberlin, 1943 (Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) were collected from Alachua, Citrus, Hernando, and Marion counties in peninsular Florida. Morphometric data were recorded for each. Nematodes were dissected from the intestine of each individual and sorted into morphotaxa. Heth pivari n. sp. (Oxyuridomorpha: Ransomnematoidea: Hethidae) was found in 33 (75%) of dissected N. gordanus and examined with brightfield, differential interference contrast, phase contrast and scanning electron microscopies. LSU rDNA sequences of representative males and females of H. pivari n. sp. were analyzed and compared to sequences of nematodes in the infraorder Rhigonematomorpha. Heth mauriesi, an introduced species, also was sequenced. Females of H. pivari n. sp. differ from those of other Heth spp. in having smooth, button-like somatic and cervical papillae and shallow, shield-like cervical collars. Males have slit-like or narrowed, rather than circular, stomal openings. Heth pivari n. sp. is the first species of this genus found in an indigenous millipede north of Mexico. Keys based on female cervical ornamentation are provided to differentiate the 52 known Heth spp.
The Shortwave Spectral Radiometer for Atmospheric Science: Capabilities and Applications from the ARM User Facility
Authors: Riihimaki Laura D. , Flynn Connor , McComiskey Allison , Lubin Dan , Blanchard Yann , Chiu J. Christine , Feingold Graham , Feldman Daniel R. , Gristey Jake J. , Herrera Christian , Hodges Gary , Kassianov Evgueni , LeBlanc Samuel E. , Marshak Alexander , Michalsky Joseph J. , Pilewskie Peter , Schmidt Sebastian , Scott Ryan C. , Shea Yolanda , Thome Kurtis , Wagener Richard , Wielicki Bruce
Published: October 2020

Industry advances have greatly reduced the cost and size of ground-based shortwave (SW) sensors for the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral ranges that make up the solar spectrum, while simultaneously increasing their ruggedness, reliability, and calibration accuracy needed for outdoor operation. These sensors and collocated meteorological equipment are an important part of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility, which has supported parallel integrated measurements of atmospheric and surface properties for more than two decades at fixed and mobile sites around the world. The versatile capability of these ground-based measurements includes 1) rich spectral information required for retrieving cloud and aerosol microphysical properties, such as cloud phase, cloud particle size, and aerosol size distributions, and 2) high temporal resolution needed for capturing fast evolution of cloud microphysical properties in response to rapid changes in meteorological conditions. Here we describe examples of how ARM’s spectral radiation measurements are being used to improve understanding of the complex processes governing microphysical, optical, and radiative properties of clouds and aerosol.
Reducing Errors in Velocity–Azimuth Display (VAD) Wind and Deformation Retrievals from Airborne Doppler Radars in Convective Environments
Authors: Helms Charles N. , Walker McLinden Matthew L. , Heymsfield Gerald M. , Guimond Stephen R.
Published: October 2020

The present study describes methods to reduce the uncertainty of velocity–azimuth display (VAD) wind and deformation retrievals from downward-pointing, conically scanning, airborne Doppler radars. These retrievals have important applications in data assimilation and real-time data processing. Several error sources for VAD retrievals are considered here, including violations to the underlying wind field assumptions, Doppler velocity noise, data gaps, temporal variability, and the spatial weighting function of the VAD retrieval. Specific to airborne VAD retrievals, we also consider errors produced due to the radar scans occurring while the instrument platform is in motion. While VAD retrievals are typically performed using data from a single antenna revolution, other strategies for selecting data can be used to reduce retrieval errors. Four such data selection strategies for airborne VAD retrievals are evaluated here with respect to their effects on the errors. These methods are evaluated using the second hurricane nature run numerical simulation, analytic wind fields, and observed Doppler radar radial velocities. The proposed methods are shown to reduce the median absolute error of the VAD wind retrievals, especially in the vicinity of deep convection embedded in stratiform precipitation. The median absolute error due to wind field assumption violations for the along-track and for the across-track wind is reduced from 0.36 to 0.08 m s−1 and from 0.35 to 0.24 m s−1, respectively. Although the study focuses on Doppler radars, the results are equally applicable to conically scanning Doppler lidars as well.
MipTec Proceedings: A Silicon-Based Compact Cell Culture Disc
Authors: Larsson B. , Crompton N. , Gobrecht J. , Higgs C. , Kuehne G. , Lehmann E. , Reist H. , Stepanek J. , Suda T.
Published: October 2020

A microplate technology based on a Compact Cell Culture Disc (CCCD) is described. This new tool employs a multitude of miniature cell culture chambers set into a planar compact disc suitable for computer-aided microscopic or spectroscopic analysis of single cells or cell clones in large numbers. The aim is to perform automated, accurate and reproducible studies of morphologic and physical-chemical parameters, in rapid succession under physiologically and optically ideal, uniform and reproducible conditions.
Von Human Relations zur Unternehmenskultur
Authors: Fischer Johannes
Published: October 2020

Unter dem Druck höherer Leistung und steigendem Arbeitsvolumen bei gleichbleibendem bzw. abnehmendem Personalstand wird zunehmend wieder der Wert und die Bedeutung der Personalentwicklung akzeptiert. Dabei werden die Ansätze, die die Sozialwissenschaft zu bieten hat, nicht immer richtig verstanden und entsprechend umgesetzt. Der Beitrag liefert eine Darstellung von Möglichkeiten der Verwertung psychologischer Erkenntnisse und beinhaltet die latente Aufforderung zur Anwendung eines ganzheitlichen Ansatzes bei der Implementierung von Schulungsmaßnahmen und bei der Verwirklichung organisationspsychologischer Lösungen.
Überlegungen zur Büroraumgestaltung
Authors: Kannheiser Werner
Published: October 2020

Der folgende Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über theoretische Ansätze und Forschungsergebnisse zur Thematik Raumerleben. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse (insbesondere auch zu Großraumbüros) sprechen dafür, Räume nicht ausschließlich nach oberflächlich funktionalen Kriterien zu gestalten, sondern verstärkt Dimensionen des Raumerlebens zu berücksichtigen, bzw. den Arbeitenden Gelegenheit zu geben, sich Räume subjektivierend aneignen zu können. Hierzu gehören auch Mitwirkungsmöglichkeiten bei der Planung und Gestaltung von Arbeitsräumen.
Personalentwicklung in einem Arbeitsrecht von gestern – Thesen zur Entwicklung von Personal und Arbeitsrecht
Authors: Oechsler Walter A.
Published: October 2020

Unser Arbeitsrecht wurde für die stabile Industriegesellschaft der 70-er Jahre geschaffen, in der es durchaus funktional war. In den 90-er Jahren versuchen wir, die Probleme der auf Flexibilität angelegten Informationsgesellschaft immer noch mit dem Arbeitsrecht von gestern zu lösen. Dies wird am Beispiel der Personalentwicklung verdeutlicht. Im Zuge der Dezentralisierung der betrieblichen Personalarbeit findet Personalentwickung zwischen Vorgesetzten und Mitarbeitern statt, entzieht sich also repräsentativer Mitbestimmung durch den Betriebsrat und stellt den Paradefall für Mitbestimmung am Arbeitsplatz dar. Ein neues Arbeitsrecht für eine neue Arbeitswelt muß innovative Wege der Verbindung von Tarifvertrags-, Betriebs- und Arbeitsplatzebene gehen.
Die Post-Assessment-Center Ära – Vorgesetzte wählen Führungskräftenachwuchs aus Ein Erfahrungsbericht über den Einsatz von AC's und daraus resultierende Neupositionierungen
Authors: Aumüller Regina , Beutel Klaus , Fischer Hans-Peter
Published: October 2020

Der Aufsatz geht auf die langjährige Praxis der AC-gestützten Führungskräfte-Auswahl in einem Werk eines Industrieunternehmens ein und trägt die Erfahrungen zusammen, die zu einer zunehmend kritischeren Bewertung dieses Verfahrens geführt haben. Im Anschluß daran werden die Grundzüge einer neuen Konzeption vorgestellt, durch die einem Teil der Probleme Rechnung getragen werden soll. Wichtige Prinzipien sind, daß Auswahl und Entwicklung getrennt und längerfristig angelegt werden sollen, die Verantwortung für die Führungskräfte-Auswahl wieder an die unmittelbaren Vorgesetzten der Fachbereiche zurückgegeben und eine gemeinsame Philosophie der Personalentwicklung sowie die Verankerung des Arbeitsfeldes als Lernfeld geschaffen werden sollen. Das konkrete System, mit dem diese Ziele erreicht werden sollen, wird skizziert.
Professionalität im Wandel: Konsequenzen für Begriffsbestimmung und professionelle Ausbildung diskutiert am Beispiel Personalentwicklung
Authors: Altrichter Herbert , Gorbach Stefan
Published: October 2020

Personalentwicklung ist derzeit in Bewegung: Sie soll strategisch ausgerichtet werden, Arbeiten und Lernen nicht mehr so strikt trennen, auch kollektive und organisationale Lernprozesse einbeziehen usw. Sie wird insgesamt ‘komplexer’. Als Gegenstrategie gegen diese zunehmende Komplexität wird häufig eine stärkere Professionalisierung verlangt (z.B. Belau 1991). Uns interessiert hier, was ‘Professionalität’ der Personalentwicklung bedeuten könnte und wie eine Ausbildung zum professionellen Handeln gestaltet werden müßte.

Dazu ergründen wir anhand einer Analyse einer professionstheoretischen Diskussion der Entwicklung des gesamten Personalbereichs (siehe Wächter 1987 sowie die daran anschließende Diskussion in der DBW 3/87) die handlungstheoretischen Voraussetzungen eines traditionellen Professionsbegriffs und versuchen anhand von Überlegungen von D. A. Schön (1983, 1987) eine adäquatere Fassung des Professionsbegriffs vorzuschlagen. Anhand dieses neuen Verständnisses von Professionalisierung fragen wir dann nach den Implikationen für die Ausbildung von Personalentwicklerlnnen.
Förderung sozialer Kompetenzen als Aufgabe der Personalentwicklung – Instrument der Anpassung, insbesondere von Frauen?
Authors: Hoets Anna
Published: October 2020

Der folgende Beitrag analysiert das Konzept der sozialen Kompetenz und thematisiert die Ambivalenzen, die hieraus für Mitarbeiter und insbesondere für Mitarbeiterinnen resultieren. Dabei werden die Hintergründe für die gegenwärtige “Entdeckung” der Humanressoucen offengelegt und die einzelnen Komponenten von “Sozialkompetenz” im Zusammenhang beschrieben. In einem weiteren Beitrag soll vertieft die Thematik der Vermittlung sozialer Kompetenzen im Rahmen ausgewählter PE-Methoden behandelt werden.
Visualization of clay minerals at the atomic scale
Authors: Kogure Toshihiro
Published: October 2020

This review demonstrates that high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) imaging of clay minerals or phyllosilicates with an incident electron beam along the major zone axes parallel to the constituting layers, in which the contrast corresponds to individual cation columns in the images obtained, is indispensable for elucidating the enigmatic structures of these minerals. Several kinds of variables for layer stacking, including polytypes, stacking disorder and the interstratification of various kinds of unit layers or interlayer materials, are common in phyllosilicates. Local and rigorous determination of such variables is possible only with HRTEM, although examination as to whether the results obtained by the HRTEM images from limited areas represent the whole specimen should be made using other techniques, such as X-ray diffraction. Analysis of these stacking features in clay minerals provides valuable insights into their origin and/or formation processes. Recent state-of-the-art techniques in electron microscopy, including incoherent imaging, superior resolutions of ~0.1 nm and low-dose imaging using new recording media, will also contribute significantly to our understanding of the true structures of clay minerals.
How I treat adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Cook Lucy B. , Phillips Adrienne A.
Published: October 2020

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a highly aggressive T-cell malignancy that arises in a proportion of individuals who are long-term carriers of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1. The median survival of aggressive subtypes is 8 to 10 months; with chemotherapy-based approaches, overall survival has remained largely unchanged in the ∼35 years since ATL was first described. Through the use of 4 representative case studies, we highlight advances in the biological understanding of ATL and the use of novel therapies such as mogamulizumab, as well as how they are best applied to different subtypes of ATL. We discuss the implementation of molecular methods that may guide diagnosis or treatment, although we accept that these are not universally available. In particular, we acknowledge discrepancies in treatment between different countries, reflecting current drug licensing and the difficulties in making treatment decisions in a rare disease, with limited high-quality clinical trial data.