bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geography of ascariasis in Belarus: cultural and anthropological issues (Part 1)
Authors: Кандрычын  , Kandrychyn S.
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: The analysis of spatial distribution of ascariasis among the population in different regions of the republic of Belarus with respect to anthropological and cultural aspects. Investigations for regional differences in ascariasis conducted in the USSR were focused rather on climatic, hygienic and economic factors and didn’t consider the causative role of cultural and anthropological factors in epidemiological process. The study is aimed at correlation of regional indices of ascariasis with the previously defined spatial historical gradient manifested in Belarus. Materials and methods: The effect of social and cultural spatial gradient was assessed by comparison of difference in ascariasis morbidity between eastern and western regions of Belarus. Thus, the effect of ethnic and anthropological spatial gradient was considered in comparison of epidemiological indices between the Brest region (south-western part of Belarus) and Vitebsk region (north-eastern part). The analysis was conducted with the historical perspective; the regional epidemiological statistics were provided for two periods 1970-1989 and 2000-2014. Regional statistical materials of the republic of Belarus presented in the annual reports of the national Ministry of Health were used as an empirical basis. Results and discussion: The analysis showed, that the differentiation trend in distribution of ascariasis in Belarus correlates both with historical-cultural and anthropological spatial gradients. The identified pattern of regional differentiation allows to evaluate the complex effect of sociocultural and anthropogenic components on epidemiological features of ascariasis.
Host-based formation of fauna of lung helminths, its biological and taxonomic classification
Authors: Демиаскевич  , Demiaszkiewiz A. , Мовсесян  , Movsesyan S. , ПанайотоваПенчева  , PanayotovaPencheva M. , Воронин  , Voronin M.
Published: January 2017

Object of study: Studies of lung helminths from various groups were performed. Elaboration of biological and taxonomic classification of these species has been proposed. Materials and methods: 16 species from families Cervidae, Bovidae, Leporidae and humans were studied for lung helminths in Russia (South and central), Armenia, Bulgaria, Poland. The helminths found were studied using a scope of traditional and elaborated helminthological methods. Results and discussion: In lungs of mammals studied 23 helminth species have been found including 1 of Taeniidae (Echinococcus granulosus), 4 of Dictyocaulidae and 18 of Protostrongylidae. We have divided species composition of these lung helminths into three biological groups. The first biological group included nematodes from Dictyocaulidae family. Life cycles of those helminths are monoxenous (they are geohelminths). The second group includes helminths from family Protostrongylidae. Their life cycles include intermediate hosts — land snails and so they are dixenous (biohelminths). The third group includes an agent of a quite dangerous zoonosis — Echinococcus granulosis larvae. These cestodes also develop per dixenous type, but their intermediate hosts are vertebrates with definitive hosts also vertebrate, mostly carnivores. Taxonomic classification for family Protostrongylidae haelminths is also proposed.
Sanitation of fish farms and prevention of fish diseases by pond drying with the use of fish and grass rotation
Authors: Наумова  , Naumova A. , Наумова  , Naumova A.
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: to present the actuality and novelty of application of fish and grass “rotation” because this allows to reveal new data on pond drainage planning which is the most effective in sanitation of the fish farm.

Materials and methods: to determine the most effective cycle for the summer drying of ponds, we studied ecological and epizootological features of fishing ponds, which had been used after drying within 1 and 5 years. As research object served 8 fish ponds: 4 drained ponds under crop (40 ha), 4 — overflowed (40 ha) and filled with one-year carps (2,5-З thousand ind./ha) and silver carps (1,2-1,4 thousand ind./ha).

Results and discussion: The results of comparative research on anti-epizootic efficacy of pond drying at different periodicity of 1 and 5 years with the use of fish and grass “rotation” are provided. Data on decreased invasion of fishes (carp, silver carp) by parasites, absence of causative agents of infection, improved blood indicators, increased fish production at annual pond drying (with the use of fish and grass “rotation”) compared with the pond drying of 5 year periodicity are presented.

Advantages of economic efficacy of the annual frequency of pond drying are confirmed: twice increased commercial fish production; reduced expenses for purchase of food (own barley and wheat production), drugs, disinfectants, fertilizers that allow increasing economic revenue and making profit.
CURRENT TRENDS IN CORPORATE EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONNEL IN THE RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN COMPANIES
Authors: Маличенко  , Malichenko I.
Published: January 2017

Competitiveness modern companies in the bias conditions of competition in the high-tech markets and the growing influence of globalization processes depends on the quality of training. Limited financial resources as a result of geopolitical and economic crisis led to the optimization of the state in many Russian companies. At the same time the design of effective corporate education system has not lost its relevance, and even, on the contrary, has acquired special importance. The remaining employees at workplace have to combine functions and to multitask, which means the companies appears essential need to create more that meet the needs of the real economy, competencies. The article examines the main trends in the market of corporate education services, presents the most promising forms and tools of corporate training and development in national and foreign companies, adjusted for the forecast for the development of national and world economy.
LABOUR MIGRATION AS A SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEM
Authors: Хазели  , Khazeli Reza
Published: January 2017

The article describes the socio-economic problems of labor migration in Russia, CIS and the world in General. It is noted that Russia plays the role of a donor country supplying manpower to the markets of host countries, however, in relation to the CIS and some neighbouring Asian countries, Russia is the host country. The causes of migration flows directed to and from Russia our country abroad are studied. The segments of the labor market in which workers compete with citizens of the Russian Federation are identified. The social, economic and legal problems of labour migrants are analyzed. It is emphasized that the main problems at present are born not by the scale of immigration to Russia, and its spontaneous, uncontrolled character. The mechanisms of harmonization of social and labour relations on the labour market are proposed.
DRUGSTORE PHENOMENON: IMPACT OF THE IMAGE ON CORPORATE CULTURE OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL ORGANIZATION
Authors: Папанова  , Papanova S. , Ледовской  , Ledovskoy E.
Published: January 2017

In this article the main approaches to optimization of activity of the pharmaceutical organizations in the context of a psychological reflection of an image of a drugstore in corporate culture of the pharmaceutical organization are considered. The existing contradiction in consciousness of consumers in the field of perception of pharmaceutical goods and services, is also shown concerning visitors of drugstores to workers of the first table: to pharmacists and druggists. It is essentially important to heads of the pharmaceutical organizations to find the optimal solution for emotional support of personnel. Such unique phenomenon of modern management as corporate culture can play a key role in this situation. Thanks to an involvement of employees at the enterprise the strong command spirit, the atmosphere of mutual assistance and mutual understanding will be able to be created that will promote in turn resistance to stress of workers, to emergence of enthusiasm and internal motivation of members of collective constantly to self-improve in the sphere of the professional activity. Ability of the management of the pharmaceutical organization to build the system of management based on corporate culture with use of the principles

of an involvement can guarantee prosperity of business in the long term.
Lenalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone (RVD) Regimen for Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Punke Alexandra P. , Waddell J. Aubrey , Solimando Dominic A.
Published: January 2017

The complexity of cancer chemotherapy requires pharmacists be familiar with the complicated regimens and highly toxic agents used. This column reviews various issues related to preparation, dispensing, and administration of antineoplastic therapy, and the agents, both commercially available and investigational, used to treat malignant diseases.
Food as a discretionary item: the impact of welfare payment changes on low-income single mother’s food choices and strategies
Authors: McKenzie Hayley Jane , McKay Fiona H
Published: January 2017

Recent changes to Australia's welfare system have affected low-income single parent families, with many moved on to an employment seeker's payment (a reduced payment) when the policy change made them ineligible for a family payment. To explore the impacts of this policy change, in-depth interviews were conducted with 23 low-income single mothers across Australia. This paper focuses on the health and wellbeing impacts of the decreased payment on food choices and behaviours. This study suggests that food had become an expense that could be tightly managed, limited, or foregone for these families.
Avaliação Externa como parâmetro para a Educação
Authors: Albuquerque Margarida Maria De Souza Santos
Published: January 2017

Analisa-se, neste artigo, a avaliação da educação em larga escala, a Avaliação Nacional do Rendimento Escolar (Anresc/Prova Brasil), a partir dos resultados obtidos desde sua primeira edição em 1991.  Articulando o resultado das avaliações à politicas de responsabilização, com atribuições de consequências para os gestores e educadores escolares.  Tendo como base de análise os objetivos e metas dessas avaliações, bem como pesquisas bibliográficas que geraram fatos relevantes sobre o tema. Discutem-se os riscos que as avaliações padronizadas como a Prova Brasil, que referenciam políticas de responsabilização, exacerbam a preocupação dos gestores e professores com as atividades desenvolvidas para a preparação dos educandos para esse teste, o que pode acarretar uma redução dos conteúdos escolares, alterando o currículo escolar.  Por outro lado, o resultado dessas avaliações podem levar os gestores e educadores a refletir, através  da informações levantadas, sobre o currículo escolar e quais as habilidades de leitura e matemática devem ser melhor trabalhadas para garanti-las a todos os educandos, ou seja, tornar a aprendizagem mais significativa e eficaz.
O Modelo Pedagógico idealizado por Maria Montessori: aplicabilidade do Método e contribuições para o desenvolvimento Infantil
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Marilê , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: January 2017

O desenvolvimento infantil, ao longo dos anos se tornou de grande interesse para estudiosos e pesquisadores da área, entre eles podemos destacar a italiana Maria Montessori, primeira médica a se formar na Itália – pela universidade de Roma – e por isso, ficou carinhosamente conhecida como a ‘doutora’ Montessori, que dedicou parte de sua vida a elaborar estratégias e recursos para compreensão dos processos de aprendizagem infantil, respeitando ritmos, individualidades, valorizando a personalidade, capacidades sensoriais, intelectuais e emocionais de cada ser em processo de formação. Dessa forma a presente pesquisa de cunho meramente bibliográfica, se destina a pesquisar sobre o modelo pedagógico defendido pela autora, a aplicabilidade, ambientação e possibilidades de aprendizagem, considerada uma das mais importantes propostas para o desenvolvimento infantil.
Avaliação da Aprendizagem: um Desafio para o Docente
Authors: Lopes Edjonas Silvana , Carvalho Anna Christina Farias de
Published: January 2017

Esse artigo tem como objetivo, conceituar e compreender a finalidade da avaliação na aprendizagem, sua função educacional e porque muitos docentes tem “pecado” no assunto.  No primeiro momento, abordamos a necessidade iminente do homem em avaliar tudo ao seu redor, lembrando que constantemente somos avaliados e estamos avaliando nossos semelhantes e ações. Sem esquecer que é próprio da natureza humana procurar culpados para os erros e na educação não é diferente.  Há mais gente procurando e apontando culpados para os problemas da educação do que pessoas procurando soluções viáveis para solucioná-los. No segundo momento usamos como base a obra de Hamilton Werneck “Prova, provão, camisa de força da educação (1995)”, onde o autor faz comparações de animais as ações e práticas dos professores, ou seja, a postura do educador diz que tipo de animal ele é ou assemelha-se. Por fim, concluímos esclarecendo que avaliação da aprendizagem não tem nada a ver com castigo ou punições para o aluno, mas é uma ferramenta diagnóstica para aferir o conhecimento ou dificuldades do mesmo, só assim o professor poderá progredir no ensino, fazer as mudanças ou correções possíveis, sempre priorizando o  ensino de qualidade.
Considerações sobre o Instituto do Lawfare
Authors: Barros Filho Geraldo Carreiro de , Farias Athena De Albuquerque , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: January 2017

Lawfare prima face seria o uso da lei como arma de guerra, sendo este carregado de acintosa negatividade, por não buscar a justiça – desejando o uso desta com futilidade.
Prestretched airway smooth muscle response to length oscillation
Authors: Al‐Jumaily Ahmed M. , Roos Kevin , Bessaguet Sandy , Jo Avila Miguel
Published: January 2017

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperconstriction is the cause of many respiratory diseases including asthma. In vitro testing has demonstrated that the active forces of ASM are reduced by length oscillation (LO) mimicking tidal breathing. In a previous study, we demonstrated that this force reduction can be further enhanced when superimposing oscillations (with certain frequencies and amplitudes) on this LO. In contrast, it has been reported that pressurizing the lung may help in relieving asthmatic airway constrictions. Ultimately, this pressurizing stretches the ASM and may disturb the acto‐myosin cross‐bridges in a manner similar to LO; however, it is of a static rather than dynamic nature. This research investigates the effect of combining both prestretch‐ and LO‐applications on contracted porcine ASM. Isolated porcine ASM relaxation was tested with a 0.56%, 2%, or 4% stretch of its reference length (Lref) in addition to LO. These oscillations are composed of a main wave mimicking the normal breathing (frequency of 0.33 Hz and amplitude of 4% Lref) and superimposed oscillations (frequencies of 20, 30, 40, 60 and 80 Hz and amplitude of 1% Lref). The oscillations were maintained for 10 min. The results demonstrate that a prestretch of 0.56% and 2% Lref does enhance the contracted ASM relaxation at certain superimposed length oscillations frequencies while of 4% Lref does not.
Effects of bio-organic, conventional and nanofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of potato in cold steppe / Bioorganinių, tradicinių ir nanotrąšų poveikis bulvių augimui, derliui ir kokybei šaltojoje stepėje
Authors: Janmohammadi Mohsen , Pornour Nasim , Javanmard Abdollah , Sabaghnia Naser
Published: January 2017

The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important crop in moderate to cold regions, producing high yields of nutritionally valuable food in the form of tubers. In the cold steppe of the North West of Iran, nutrient management is a crucial component for successful potato production. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different fertilizers on growth, phenological development, tuber yield and tuber qualitative characteristics in two potato cultivars (‘Agria’ and ‘Spirit’). Specific objectives were to assess the effects of nanofertilizers on potato. Fertilizer treatments included: T1 - control (no fertilizer application), T2 - N-P-K chemical bulk fertilizer, T3 - MOG enzymatic bio-fertilizer, T4 - nano-chelated calcium, T5 - nano-chelated zinc+boron and T6 - nano-chelated complete fertilizer. The results indicated that application of nano-chelated Zn+B, complete nanofertilizer and chemical bulk N-P-K significantly increased plant height, the number of stems, main stem diameter and the number of leaves, and also accelerated the row closure (canopy closure). Application of nanofertilizer noticeably decreased the number of days to the initiation of tuberization. The evaluation of tuber yield components revealed that the highest numbers of tuber per plant, mean tuber weight, tuber weight per plant and harvest index were obtained by application of complete nanofertilizer. Comparisons of the cultivars indicated that ‘Agria’ was more responsive than ‘Spirit’ to nutrient managements and showed a more acceptable performance. Nutrient managements significantly affected the qualitative characteristics of tuber; so that the highest dry matter, starch and protein content was recorded for plant grown by complete nanofertilizer. The results of the present experiment agreed with the conclusion that balanced plant nutrition through the efficient nanofertilizers can improve potato productivity. Maintaining soil fertility through an adequate, suitable and balanced nutrient supply is one of the key components for increasing potato production under irrigated condition in cold steppe.
Erigeron sumatrensis (Asteraceae), casual alien new to the Polish flora / Erigeron sumatrensis (Asteraceae) – nauja atsitiktinai patekusi svetimžemė Lenkijos floros rūšis
Authors: Pliszko Artur
Published: January 2017

Erigeron sumatrensis is newly reported as casual alien in Poland. A single plant was found growing on the edge of the roadside in Głogoczów near Mogilany, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. The locality was mapped by using the ATPOL cartogram method, and the pathway of introduction by road transport was presented.
The English gerund revisited
Authors: Maekelberghe Charlotte
Published: January 2017

This paper re-examines the semantics of Present-day English gerunds by analyzing their collocational preferences. While traditional approaches suggest that a semantic opposition between ‘actions’ and ‘facts’ determines the meaning as well as the distributional preferences of nominal (the signing of the contract) and verbal (signing the contract) gerunds, these claims have not been supported by quantitative evidence. At the same time, more recent studies which quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the meaning of gerunds from a referential perspective lack a distributional dimension. This study presents a semantic typology of the nouns and verbs that are attracted to nominal and verbal gerunds in noun and verb complementation structures by means of a distinctive collexeme analysis which has been applied to contextual collexemes. The analysis shows that, while nominal and verbal gerunds occur in clearly distinctive contexts, this distinction does not appear to be based on an action-fact dichotomy, but is rather determined by the more abstract features of conceptual (in)dependence and temporal flexibility. Finally, it is shown how these abstract semantic profiles can be filled in more concretely by specific contextual slots, thus arriving at a more fine-grained and dynamic perspective on the semantics of English gerunds.
Existence results for nonlinear fractional Dirichlet problems on the right side of the first eigenvalue
Authors: Cabada Alberto , Hamdi Zakaria
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we are interested in the study of the existence of solutions of a class of nonlinear fractional differential
equations coupled with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We make an exhaustive study of the sign of Green’s function related to the linear problem and obtain the exact values for which it has the constant sign on its whole square of definition. This constant sign is equivalent to the validity of anti-maximum principles. The existence of solutions is deduced from a recent fixed point theorem valid for operators defined on suitable cones of Banach spaces. Moreover, the method of lower and upper solutions is developed for the non-homogeneous Dirichlet problem.
Structural Study on Nano-crystals of Spinel Mgx-Zn1-X-Fe2O4 Ferrite with and without Calcination
Authors: Shafa M. , Naz M.Y. , Ahmad M.R. , Khan Y. , Ghaffar A.
Published: January 2017

This study investigated a series of single phase Mgx-Zn1-x-Fe2O4 spinel ferrites, prepared using co-precipitation technique and sintered at 600 °C. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the ferrite samples revealed the formation of impurity free single phase spinel structures. The formation of ferrite phases and face centered cubic structures was confirmed at Bragg angles of 35.9°, 54.3° and 62.7°. The lattice parameter increased with an increase in ‘x’ content in the ferrite composition. The grain size, estimated from SEM micrographs, was found in the range of 0.5–2 mµ. The lattice parameter of the ferrite samples exhibited an initial increase upto a certain extent, thereafter suddenly dropped down due to fracturing and re-welding processes. Overall, the lattice parameter ‘a’ varied from 0.80 to 0.85 nm, crystallite size from 34 to 80 nm, unit cell volume from 0.528 × 10−21 to 0.62 × 10−21 cm3 and X-ray density from 5.8 to 4.5 g/cm3.
Experimental Study on Electrical Conductivity of FexO-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 System at Various Oxygen Potentials
Authors: Liu Yan–Xiang , Liu Jun–Hao , Zhang Guo–Hua , Zhang Jian–Liang , Chou Kuo–Chih
Published: January 2017

The electrical conductivity of Fe
x
O-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags was measured by a four terminal method. The results show that the temperature dependences of total, electronic and ionic conductivity for different compositions obey the Arrhenius law and all of them increase as increasing the temperature. For all the studied slags, as increasing CO/CO2 ratio which is used to controlled the oxygen potential, both the total electrical conductivity and electronic conductivity increase, but the ionic conductivity decreases. It was also found that the electronic transference number exhibits a strong correlation with oxygen potential, but is independent of temperature. Under the condition of constant FexO content, the higher the basicity of slags is, the higher the total electrical conductivity and ionic/electronic conductivity will be, which is resulted from the increase of free oxygen ion.
Effect of Construction Manner of Mould Cluster on Stray Grain Formation in Dummy Blade of DD6 Superalloy
Authors: Wang Runnan , Yan Xuewei , Li Zhonglin , Xu Qingyan , Liu Baicheng
Published: January 2017

A dummy blade of Ni-based single crystal (SX) superalloy was modelled to investigate the stray grain (SG) defect by both experiment and simulation. Three construction manners of mould cluster (CMMC) with 0°, 45° and 90° assembling angle were considered. The experimental results reveal a strong dependence of SG sensitivity upon CMMC. Profuse SGs took place in the case of 0°, but almost no one shown in those of 45° and 90°. The FEM simulation results indicate that SG occurrence is not only determined by critical nucleation undercooling, but also the geometrical characteristic, shape of liquidus isotherm and other three important effects (shadow effect, channel effect and dimension effect). The tendency of SG formation increases with the increase of number of these effects. By means of the combination effect consisting of the above three effects, SG occurrence can be qualitatively predicted and process window is more accurately modified.
The youth are coming. A new image of female and male nurses
Authors: Sobczak Marzena , Skuzińska Anna
Published: January 2017

Aim. The aim of this research study was to determine the level of social competence of nursing students basing on the example of the first-year students of Elblag University of Humanities and Economy. Additionally, the aim was to find out why candidates choose nursing studies.

Material and methods. 217 nursing students starting their education at Elblag University of Humanities and Economy between the years 2013 and 2015 participated in the research. In order to conduct the research, the authors used a survey. The research tools included the questionnaires: the authors’ questionnaire, the questionnaire of empathy compiled by M. Kaźmierczak, M. Plopa, S. Retowski, and the questionnaire of assertive behaviour compiled by M. Sobczak basing on “Assertiveness Map” included in Maria Król-Fijewska’s book.

Results. Students of different years differ substantially as far as the level of empathy and assertiveness is concerned. People who have no nursing-related education show a much higher level of assertiveness than the people who have a similar medical profession. The substantial statistical differences between the female and male students taking part in the research were observed as far as the subscales of the questionnaire of empathy is concerned. The most common reason for choosing the studies was the need to help other people, job security and a conscious choice of having another profession.

Conclusions. People who decide to study nursing do not fully reflect the contemporary image of a nurse. The various reasons for choosing that particular profession, different resources of social competence of those who enter the profession may make them perceive nursing and its problems in a different way from the one that is present nowadays. The issues of becoming familiar with the new image of Polish female and male nurses, the way in which they start their professional life become a challenge which may change the image of the profession itself.
Birthing school – patient’s assessment on the influence of classes on parturition
Authors: Wdowiak Artur , Bakalczuk Grzegorz , Dadej Elwira , Wdowiak Anita , Filip Michał , Wdowiak Edyta , Lewicka Magdalena , Sulima Magdalena
Published: January 2017

Pregnancy is a woman’s physiological state, covering the period from conception to birth. It is an important time in the life of every woman and the child’s father. Often, the parents-to-be find the new situation difficult. Childbirth classes may prove helpful during pregnancy and childbirth for mothers and fathers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of antenatal classes on parturition, according to the assessment of patients. The study was conducted at the Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski Provincial Specialist University Hospital in Lublin at the maternity ward on a group of 155 patients by means of diagnostic survey. The survey, by which the research material was collected, has been developed with the author’s own method. It has been shown that education and age of the participants influence the decision to use the services of childbirth education classes. Furthermore, the knowledge of breathing techniques, the use of birthing facilities, development of a plan for parturition and knowledge of methods of pain relief of childbirth have no impact on its duration. It was also shown that it is important to use relevant childbirth positions.
The care of a patient with cardiovascular disorders - a case study based on ICNP®
Authors: Grabowska Hanna , Katanowska Magdalena
Published: January 2017

Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases still remain the chief life-threatening condition in Poland. They are one of the main causes of sickness absences at work, as well as reasons for hospitalization and disabilities. The professionals responsible for providing nursing services to people suffering from cardiovascular diseases should take into account the activities addressing all spheres of patient’s life. Most attention should be paid to preventing complications, as well as interventions enabling both the patients to perform selfmonitoring and self-care and their relatives to provide unprofessional care.

Aim. The aim of this work was to formulate a nursing care plan for a patient suffering from cardiovascular diseases, using the International Classification for Nursing Practice.

Material and methods. For the purpose of this article, an individual case study method and literature analysis were used. The research was conducted in November 2015 at the Clinic of Hypertension and Diabetes of the University Clinical Centre at the Medical University of Gdańsk. Written consents were obtained from every patient.

Results. In the process of providing nursing care to the patients, phrases describing “ready” diagnoses and nursing interventions included in the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®) were used. The care plans included the following nursing diagnoses: impaired cardiovascular system, altered blood pressure, pain, functional dyspnea, peripheral edema, impaired sleep, risk of infection, obesity, lack of knowledge about the disease/ poor self-control.

Conclusions. The plan of nursing care for patients with cardiovascular diseases was based on the ICNP® reference terminology that fully reflects the key problems of the patient and the scope of interventions made by nurses.
Optimal Design and Numerical Simulation on Fish-Like Flexible Hydrofoil Propeller
Authors: Xue Gang , Liu Yanjun , Zhang Muqun , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jian , Luo Huaqing , Jia Rui
Published: January 2017

Hydrofoil is widely used in underwater vehicle for the excellent hydrodynamic characteristics. Currently, researches are mostly about the rigid hydrofoil while the flexible hydrofoil, like the caudal fin, has not been studied adequately. In this paper, the fish was regarded as the bionic object. Then the kinematics model to describe the fish swimming was put forward. A fin-peduncle propulsion mechanism was designed based on the kinematics model to achieve the similar sine curve swimming model. The propulsion mechanism was optimized by Matlab to reduce the deviation between the output curve of the fin-peduncle propulsion mechanism and the ideal motion trajectory. Moreover, the motion phase angles among flexible articulations are optimized to reduce fluid resistance and improve propulsive efficiency. Finally, the fish-like hydrofoil oscillation is simulated by fluid-solid coupling method based on the Fluent. It was shown that the optimized flexible fish-like oscillation could generate the motion that follows the similar law of sine. The propulsive efficiency of oscillating hydrofoil propeller is much higher than that of the screw propeller, and the flexible oscillation has higher propulsive efficiency than the rigid oscillation without obvious fluid resistance increase.
Operation Evaluation Method for Marine Turbine Combustion Engines in Terms of Energetics
Authors: Dzida Marek , Girtler Jerzy
Published: January 2017

An evaluation proposal (quantitative determination) of any combustion turbine engine operation has been presented, wherein the impact energy occurs at a given time due to Energy conversion. The fact has been taken into account that in this type of internal combustion engines the energy conversion occurs first in the combustion chambers and in the spaces between the blade of the turbine engine. It was assumed that in the combustion chambers occurs a conversion of chemical energy contained in the fuel-air mixture to the internal energy of the produced exhaust gases. This form of energy conversion has been called heat. It was also assumed that in the spaces between the blades of the rotor turbine, a replacement occurs of part of the internal energy of the exhaust gas, which is their thermal energy into kinetic energy conversion of its rotation. This form of energy conversion has been called the work. Operation of the combustion engine has been thus interpreted as a transmission of power receivers in a predetermined time when there the processing and transfer in the form (means) of work and heat occurs. Valuing the operation of this type of internal combustion engines, proposed by the authors of this article, is to determine their operation using physical size, which has a numerical value and a unit of measurement called joule-second [joule x second]. Operation of the combustion turbine engine resulting in the performance of the turbine rotor work has been presented, taking into account the fact that the impeller shaft is connected to the receiver, which may be a generator (in the case of one-shaft engine) or a propeller of the ship (in the case of two or three shaft engine).
3-D Simulation of Vertical-Axial Tidal Current Turbine
Authors: Zhiyang Zhang , Yong Ma , Jin Jiang , Weixing Liu , Qingwei Ma
Published: January 2017

Vertical-axial tidal current turbine is the key for the energy converter, which has the advantages of simple structure, adaptability to flow and uncomplex convection device. It has become the hot point for research and application recently. At present, the study on the hydrodynamic performance of vertical-axial tidal current turbine is almost on 2-D numerical simulation, without the consideration of 3-D effect. CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) method and blade optimal control technique are used to improve accuracy in the prediction of tidal current turbine hydrodynamic performance. Numerical simulation of vertical-axial tidal current turbine is validated. Fixed and variable deflection angle turbine are comparatively studied to analysis the influence of 3-D effect and the character of fluid field and pressure field. The method, put the plate on the end of blade, of reduce the energy loss caused by 3-D effect is proposed. The 3-D CFD numerical model of vertical-axial tidal current turbine hydrodynamic performance in this study may provide theoretical, methodical and technical reference for the optimal design of turbine.
On Power Stream in Motor or Drive System
Authors: Paszota Zygmunt
Published: January 2017

In a motor or a drive system the quantity of power increases in the direction opposite to the direction of power flow. Energy losses and energy efficiency of a motor or drive system must be presented as functions of physical quantities independent of losses. Such quantities are speed and load. But the picture of power stream in a motor or drive system is presented in the literature in the form of traditional Sankey diagram of power decrease in the direction of power flow. The paper refers to Matthew H. Sankey’s diagram in his paper „The Thermal Efficiency of Steam Engines“ of 1898. Presented is also a diagram of power increase in the direction opposite to the direction of power flow. The diagram, replacing the Sankey’s diagram, opens a new prospect for research into power of energy losses and efficiency of motors and drive systems.
A Method for Determining the Usability Potential of Ship Steam Boilers
Authors: Muślewski Łukasz , Pająk Michał , Landowski Bogdan , Żółtowski Bogdan Żół
Published: January 2017

Ship large-power steam boiler may serve as an example of complex critical technical system. A basis for rational control of operation of such system is knowledge on its capability of fulfilling the tasks to which it was intended. In order to make it possible to apply computer aiding to operational decision-making the capability should be described analytically. In this paper it was proposed to express the capability of ship steam boiler ( considered a complex system) to perform service tasks, by calculating components of its usability potential in a given instant t. To this end , was distinguished a set of steam boiler fundamental features which formulate space of its technical states. Values and characteristic intervals of the features were defined and this way sub-spaces of serviceability and non-serviceability states of the object in question were determined. Next, in the considered space, technical state of the boiler and its usability potential was determined. Owing to this it become possible to quantitatively express the steam boiler functioning capability which served as a basis for elaborating an algorithm for controlling the operational processes of a complex technical system under action. In this paper is also described a way of application of the presented method to calculation of ship steam boiler usability potential, which may be especially instrumental in the case of operational control of the boilers of the kind , equipped with interstage reheaters, i.e. those operating with high values of operational parameters.
Experimental and Mathematical Investigations on Unconfined Compressive Behaviour of Costal Soft Soil under Complicated Freezing Processes
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Na , Zhang Fang , Zhou Aizhao , Chi Snow
Published: January 2017

In order to properly understand the effect of freezing-thawing circle (FTC) to mechanical behavior of costal soft soil (CSS), unconfined compressive test is conducted. Six kind FTC times are designed from zero to five. The tested data show that: (1) unconfined compressive strength of CCS decreases nonlinearly with more FTC, and the strength after five FTC times becomes about 22% of its original strength without any freezing-thawing experience; (2) stress-strain curves of all unconfined compressive samples can be well fitted by three-parameter hyperbolic model; (3) and relationship between two parameters and FTC times can be fitted by exponent function, while another parameter can be considered as 0.95. Consequently, one composite hyperbolic- exponent empirical formula is established in order to describe freezing-thawing-dependent stress-strain behavior of CSS. Finally, good agreements have been found between tested data and simulated results.
Experimental Method for Plotting S-N Curve with a Small Number of Specimens
Authors: Strzelecki Przemysław , Sempruch Janusz
Published: January 2017

The study presents two approaches to plotting an S-N curve based on the experimental results. The first approach is commonly used by researchers and presented in detail in many studies and standard documents. The model uses a linear regression whose parameters are estimated by using the least squares method. A staircase method is used for an unlimited fatigue life criterion. The second model combines the S-N curve defined as a straight line and the record of random occurrence of the fatigue limit. A maximum likelihood method is used to estimate the S-N curve parameters. Fatigue data for C45+C steel obtained in the torsional bending test were used to compare the estimated S-N curves. For pseudo-random numbers generated by using the Mersenne Twister algorithm, the estimated S-N curve for 10 experimental results plotted by using the second model, estimates the fatigue life in the scatter band of the factor 3. The result gives good approximation, especially regarding the time required to plot the S-N curve.
Efficient Use of Behavioral Tools to Reduce Electricity Demand of Domestic Consumers
Authors: Elbaz Shimon , Zaiţ Adriana
Published: January 2017

Purpose: The present study investigated the main literature on the subject of methods and policies for reducing the electricity demand of domestic consumers, in order to identify the place of behavioral tools. Methodology: We used secondary sources, performing a literature review, together with analysis and synthesis. Findings: Policy makers prefer to use tools offered by neoclassical economics, such as various forms of taxation, fines and financial incentives in order to make domestic electricity consumers save electricity, on the assumption that consumers will make rational decisions while maximizing their personal benefit. However, studies conducted in recent years in the field of behavioral economics, which are based on the assumption that consumers’ decisions are not rational and are affected by cognitive biases, showed that the use of behavioral tools, such as detailed online information (feedback),social comparison information, information on varying rates (dynamic pricing) and general information (advertising campaign), are tools that are not less appropriate than the ones the neoclassical economics offers, mainly because electricity is an invisible product and consumers are unable to assess it by normal cognitive measures. Using an interdisciplinary combination of behavioral tools that come from a variety of approaches taken from a wide variety of different academic fields, it is possible to receive efficient results in the endeavor of reducing electricity demand. Implications: Although the neoclassical economics still remains the fundamental theory used by policymakers, it is recommended to consider behavioral economics as a complementary approach to the neoclassical economics, and combine behavioral tools in the policymakers’ toolbox, especially when those tools do not require a significant financial investment, thus efficiently maximizing the reduction of electricity demand among domestic consumers. These theoretical results will be used for designing future empirical researches on the efficiency of behavioral tools in changing the pattern of electricity consumers’ behavior.
Exogenous vs Endogenous Growth in the EU’s EaP and Central Asian Countries
Authors: Sharipov Ilkhom
Published: January 2017

The main purpose of this paper is to determine and analyse the factors that affected economic growth in the EU’s Eastern Partnership and Central Asian countries in the 2000-2015 period. Economic growth is one of the main targets of economic policy of any country and influenced by various determinants. Of particular interest is the endogenous and exogenous nature of these factors. Having classified these factors into exogenous and endogenous ones, we examined and determined the significance and robustness of various factors influencing the economic growth in these countries, like investment, human capital, research and development, economic policies and macroeconomic conditions, openness to trade, geography, political factors and others. Correlation and factor analysis showed significance and strong association of GDP per capita with physical, human capital, and R&D in EaP countries and with natural resources and active population share in Central Asian countries.
Trust – the Intangible Asset of Policyholder Behavior on Insurance Market
Authors: Mureşan Gabriela-Mihaela , Armean Gabriel
Published: January 2017

Our analysis aims to identify the typology of consumers’ behavior on insurance market. The initial sample consisted of 1579 individuals who were randomly selected by Metro Media Transilvania (MMT) with the Computer-Assisted Telephonic Interview (CATI) method. Using the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and logistic regression, we are showing that higher levels of trust, pleasant experiences, income and education have a positive impact on insurance development.

This theoretical approach is relatively new as there are no specialized studies to investigate the intangible asset in insurance companies in Romania’s case. This article should help the insurers to understand the role of trust and the importance of pleasant experiences in selling financial services such as life insurance and voluntary private pension.
Polynomial sequences generated by infinite Hessenberg matrices
Authors: Verde-Star Luis
Published: January 2017

We show that an infinite lower Hessenberg matrix generates polynomial sequences that correspond to the rows of infinite lower triangular invertible matrices. Orthogonal polynomial sequences are obtained when the Hessenberg matrix is tridiagonal. We study properties of the polynomial sequences and their corresponding matrices which are related to recurrence relations, companion matrices, matrix similarity, construction algorithms, and generating functions. When the Hessenberg matrix is also Toeplitz the polynomial sequences turn out to be of interpolatory type and we obtain additional results. For example, we show that every nonderogative finite square matrix is similar to a unique Toeplitz-Hessenberg matrix.
On the q-exponential of matrix q-Lie algebras
Authors: Ernst Thomas
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we define several new concepts in the borderline between linear algebra, Lie groups and q-calculus.We first introduce the ring epimorphism r, the set of all inversions of the basis q, and then the important q-determinant and corresponding q-scalar products from an earlier paper. Then we discuss matrix q-Lie algebras with a modified q-addition, and compute the matrix q-exponential to form the corresponding n × n matrix, a so-called q-Lie group, or manifold, usually with q-determinant 1. The corresponding matrix multiplication is twisted under τ, which makes it possible to draw diagrams similar to Lie group theory for the q-exponential, or the so-called q-morphism. There is no definition of letter multiplication in a general alphabet, but in this article we introduce new q-number systems, the biring of q-integers, and the extended q-rational numbers. Furthermore, we provide examples of matrices in suq(4), and its corresponding q-Lie group. We conclude with an example of system of equations with Ward number coeficients.
Simulation Model for Scenario Optimization of the Ready-Mix Concrete Delivery Problem
Authors: Galić Mario , Kraus Ivan
Published: January 2017

This paper introduces a discrete simulation model for solving routing and network material flow problems in construction projects. Before the description of the model a detailed literature review is provided. The model is verified using a case study of solving the ready-mix concrete network flow and routing problem in metropolitan area in Croatia. Within this study real-time input parameters were taken into account. Simulation model is structured in Enterprise Dynamics simulation software and Microsoft Excel linked with Google Maps. The model is dynamic, easily managed and adjustable, but also provides good estimation for minimization of costs and realization time in solving discrete routing and material network flow problems.
Investigation of the Precipitates on the Concrete Surface due to Sulphate Exposure
Authors: Kovalčíková Martina , Eštoková Adriana , Oravec Jozef , Luptáková Alena
Published: January 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the durability of cement-based materials subjected to the effects of sulphuric acid in terms of surface deterioration. Damaged concrete surfaces and the samples’ mass changes were studied during 270-day simulation of both chemical and biological attacks. Chemical corrosion was simulated by sulphuric acid with pH of 3.0 and 4.0, respectively, while biological corrosion was simulated by activity of bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. XRD and SEM analyses confirmed a massive sulphate precipitate formation on the concrete surface due to chemical and biological sulphate corrosion.
I’m super-setting my life! An ethnographic comparative analysis of the growth of the gym market
Authors: Rojas Alexis Sossa
Published: January 2017

The fitness industry has undergone an explosive growth in recent decades. Some reasons for this are related to the increase in leisure time in the developed world and the importance attached nowadays to having a young-looking fat-free body. This article, based on ethnographic data from Santiago, Chile and Amsterdam, the Netherlands, seeks to add nuanced and complementary explanations to those reasons already mentioned. For example, the importance of moral, personal, social and identity significances that have also contributed to this rise are explained. I complement this with comparative information that emphasizes and clarifies the cultural factors influencing the culture of gyms.