bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les établissements domaniaux du littoral nîmois entre antiquité tardive et haut moyen-Âge (ive-Xe siècles)
Authors: Raynaud Claude
Published: January 2025

A l'oest del delta del Roine, el litoral de la civitas Nemausensis experimenta una dinàmica demogràfica especial. Després d'una baixa densitat al començament del període romà, el segle IV enregistra un fort creixement. Aquesta tendència acompanya una mutació de la xarxa de poblament. Mentre que l'interior perd una gran part dels seus antics centres, l'ocupació s'estén a la plana litoral i a les zones deltaiques on el creixement marca l'Antiguitat tardana i l'alta edat mitjana. Al litoral, la promoció de l'aglomeració de Maguelone al rang de ciutat episcopal, al segle VI, confirma aquest dinamisme dels establiments tardans. D'altra banda, el poblament es reagrupa en pols més densos i menys nombrosos. Aquests nous pols locals romanen de diverses naturaleses i encara estan poc definits: explotacions domenials, aglomeracions, formació d'un poble? L'alta edat mitjana marca l'estabilització de la xarxa, que només enregistra algunes creacions i perpetua per la majoria dels hàbitats tardoantics que encara s'estenen i es desenvolupen a vegades en diversos sectors. Així, es fa evident la influència dominant de l'Antiguitat tardana en la construcció de la xarxa del primer Mitjà Edat, mentre que l'herència de l'Alt Imperi roman, a la zona litoral, roman més limitada.
Le devenir des uillae aristocratiques aquitaines de la n du IVe au vie siècle à travers l’exemple de Séviac (montréal-du-Gers, Gers)
Authors: Fages Brieuc
Published: January 2025

L'exemple de la uilla de Séviac, descobert per l'excavació completa de la seva part residencial, il·lustra, en divorci amb els testimonis de Sidoni Apol·linari, els avatars socioculturals de la fi de l'Antiguitat a Aquitània. Aquest establiment mostra una darrera prosperitat fins a mitjan segle V i, amb la ràpida decadència de l'elit tradicional i la desaparició de l'autoritat imperial, la caiguda, segurament completada a la fi del segle VI, d'un marc de vida fortament marcat per la influència cristiana.
Fermes, villae et exploitations rurales : approches régionales
Authors: Pellecuer Christophe , Breuil Jean-Yves , Cayn Philippe , Pomarèdes Hervé , Beauchamp Céline , Alix Stéphane , Cabes Sébastien , Vignaud Didier , Béague Nadine , Marembert Fabrice , Plana-Mallart Rosa , Réchin Fr. , Burch Rius Josep , Castanyer i Masoliver Pere , Nolla Brufau Josep Maria , Tremoleda Trilla Joaquim , Prevosti Monclús Marta , Revilla Víctor
Published: January 2025

Per al número 7 de la publicació ens interroguem sobre les diferents formes de classificar els establiments rurals d’època romana i analitzar si les categories usuals de vil·la i granja són encara vigents i suficients per explicar la diversitat de llocs excavats o si és necessari considerar una més gran varietat de tipus.
Les fermes à cour centrale excavée de la plaine de Nîmes au Haut Empire: un modèle d’habitat ou une simple adaptation aux conditions spéci ques locales?
Authors: Breuil Jean-Yves , Cayn Philippe , Pomarèdes Hervé
Published: January 2025

A la plana de Nimes, diversos assentaments rurals de l'Alt Imperi presenten una configuració particular, marcada especialment per un pati central excavat i sistemes d'evacuació d'aigües la disposició dels quals sembla respondre als riscos d'inundació i la presència de nivells freàtics. Alguns d'aquests hàbitats modestos (600 i 1200 m2) es troben ubicats en vastes explotacions agrícoles amb tancaments en terrassa, actius durant el període republicà. Participen d'una progressiva romanització de l'arquitectura i dels estils de vida, sobretot a partir de mitjans del segle I dC, una intensificació del desenvolupament del sòl al voltant de la ciutat. Les llacunes en la seva estratigrafia limiten la comprensió del seu pla i la identificació de les seves funcions principals. Les seves dimensions reduïdes i l'absència d'equipaments marítims o agrícoles impedeixen que siguin assimilats a villae, fins i tot modestes, estructurades al voltant de parts residencials i rústiques. L'obstacle que suposa el pati central excavat dóna a aquests establiments un funcionament inesperat. La retenció d'aigua al cor de l'habitatge, amb les molèsties que això pot ocasionar, obliga a fer reserves pel que fa a la comoditat dels ocupants, almenys estacionalment. Com a contrapunt, determinats mobles (fustes de columnes, fragments de capitells, xapes de marbre, estatuàries, articles de tocador o adorns, vaixella i productes d'importació, etc.) tendeixen a il·lustrar una certa riquesa material. Aquests establiments van ser abandonats durant el segle II. o desenvolupar-se fins als anys 250-275. La seva història es pot comparar amb la de la ciutat i potser amb la de la domus urbana sense que encara es puguin precisar les seves relacions de dependència o subordinació.
Approche du peuplement rural antique de la vallée de la Tave (Gard) Essais typologiques, études de cas et première synthèse
Authors: Alix Stéphane
Published: January 2025

La vall de Tave és una regió al nord-est del Gard (i l'antiga ciutat de Nimes) de la qual disposem d'un sòlid conjunt de dades arqueològiques, en particular per al món rural (prop de 200 galo-romans coneguts). Recentment, aquest corpus s'ha integrat al programa d'investigació Archaedyn: els estudis que s'hi duen a terme pretenen, inicialment, produir una classificació dels establiments mitjançant anàlisis estadístiques (anàlisi de correspondència factorial, classificació jeràrquica ascendent). Es basen en un conjunt de descriptors normalitzats (superfície, durada d'ocupació, etc.). Al mateix temps, un cert nombre de jaciments excavats ofereixen un ventall de tipologies, des de petits establiments fins a grans finques. Finalment, els estudis realitzats fins ara a la vall de Tave permeten perfilar les principals fases de l'evolució del seu poblament durant l'antiguitat: les primeres onades de creacions del segle I aC, el màxim nombre d'establiments als segles I i II dC, després la reducció del nombre d'establiments a partir del segle II.
Formes de l’habitat rural dans le piémont occidental des Pyrénées à l’époque romaine
Authors: Béague Nadine , Marembert Fabrice , Plana-Mallart Rosa , Réchin Fr.
Published: January 2025

Les zones rurals dels pobles del nord dels Pirineus es caracteritzen per l'existència d'un ampli espectre d'assentaments, marcat en un paisatge especialment contrastat. Amplies zones, pràcticament desprovistes de formes d'assentament clàssic com la villa, estan ocupades, de forma relativament dispersa, per lo que probablement siguin assentaments temporals, artesanals o pastorals. A més, alguns nuclis urbans i algunes altres parts del país desenvolupen un paper important en l'ocupació del territori.
Premier inventaire des sépultures et des nécropoles des villae de l’Aquitaine méridionale antique dans le cadre d’un SIG (Ier au VIe s.)
Authors: Cabes Sébastien
Published: January 2025

Aquest treball procedeix d'un inventari de jaciments arqueològics realitzat en el marc de la preparació d'un SIG (sistema d'informació geogràfica) sobre les viles de l'Aquitània meridional. Presenta un estat dels coneixements sobre les tombes i les necròpolis vinculades a les residències aristocràtiques rurals des de l'inici de la romanització fins a la Tardoantiguitat. Les dades són incompletes però permeten una primera cartografia.
Pricing Options Embedded in Corporate Bonds Using the Binomial Method
Authors: Liu Qi
Published: January 2025

It is common for a corporate bond to include a call provision that gives the issuing company an option to call, or redeem, the bond at some prespecified set of call prices before the stated maturity date. Since the option is embedded in the bond, it is not traded publicly and thus its value is unknown to bondholders. This study is aimed to price these embedded options and their related bonds, both callable and noncallable, using the binomial method such that the method is set up to approximate the evolution of the short rate. Using reasonable values for the relevant factors and parameters, our results show that the prices of the options and the two types of bonds are noticeably affected by such factors and parameters as the maturity of the bonds, the coupon, the call price, the volatility of the short rate, and the initial short rate.
Beyond Borders: Unravelling the Business Landscape of India and China from 2019 to 2023
Authors:   Dairy Economics, Statistics and Management Division, ICAR – National Dairy Research Institute, India, M Dhasarathan , Singh Ajmer , Sen Biswajit ,   Dairy Economics, Statistics and Management Division, ICAR – National Dairy Research Institute, India
Published: January 2025

This study aims to compare the performance of India and China across various parameters of doing business such as starting
a business, dealing with construction permits, obtaining electricity, registering property, accessing credit, protecting minority
investors, tax payment processes, trade across borders, contract enforcement and resolving insolvency etc. for 2019-20.
Business landscape was analyzed during two distinct periods: 2019-2020 (using Doing business report by World bank)
and 2021-2023 (using business environment rankings by Economist Intelligence Unit). It was observed that recently India
is performing well in creating business friendly environment than China. India's efforts have borne fruit, resulting in an
improved ranking in the ease of doing business. This study relies on secondary data sources and aims to provide a conceptual
understanding and current position of business environment in both India and China.
Фундаментальні основи створення адекватно-спрямованого напружено-деформованого стану мульти-функціональних модулів вагоноконструкцій з можливостями перспективного широкого машинобудівного застосування
Authors:   Східноукраїнський національний університет імені Володимира Даля, Горбунов М.І. , Могила В.І. , Фомiн О.В. , Ловська А.О. , Климаш А.О. , Рибiн А.В. , Сергiенко О.В. , Фомiна А.М. , Коваленко В.В. , Прокопенко П.М. , Ковтанець Т.М. , Сова С.С. , Литвиненко А.С. , Балковська Г.В.
Published: January 2025

Об’єкт дослідження – процеси пов’язані з сприйняттям, протидією навантаженням і перерозподілом виникаючих напружень несучих, огороджувальних та екіпажних систем модулів транспортних засобів на різних етапах життєвого циклу, на прикладі залізничних вагонів, і відповідні теоретичні положення та методи. Предмет дослідження – закономірності функціонування, сприйняття, перерозподілу та протидії виробничим, експлуатаційним та ремонтним навантаженням несучих, огороджувальних та екіпажних систем модулів транспортних засобів, на прикладі мульти-функціональних модулів вагоноконструкцій з реалізацією мульти-матеріальних інновацій, їх концепти та обліки. Використані теорії та методи при проведенні дослідження: теорія розвитку технічних систем та вирішення винахідницьких задач; методи системного підходу, теорія оптимізації; методи визначення динаміки і міцності машин; теорія багаторівневих ієрархічних систем, методи морфологічного та функціонально аналізу; методи математичного та комп’ютерного моделювання; метод скінченних елементів; метод математичного планування експерименту; сучасні методи експериментальних досліджень рухомого складу. По результатам проведених досліджень авторами виконано публікації які наведено в переліку джерел посилання.
The effect of beta-cyfluthrin on the reproductive function of female Wistar Hannover rats
Authors: Zmazhenko Olena , Kolianchuk Yana
Published: January 2025

Beta-cyfluthrin is the 2nd generation pirethroid, that is used as a broad-spectrum insecticide. The effect of the original beta-cyfluthrin molecule on reproductive function has not been studied. The assessment of possible reproductive toxicity of betacyfluthrin was based on the results of themulti-generational rat studyof cyfluthrin.
Aim. To investigate the effect of beta-cyfluthrin on the reproductive function of femaleWistar Hannover rats during gametogenesis.
Materials and Methods. Beta-cyfluthrin was administered per os 5 times a week by gavage in the form of an aqueous emulsion to two groups of females (20 animals each) in doses 3 and 30 mg/kg bw/day during 9 weeks. Control animals received distilled water
with the addition of an emulsifier. In parallel with the control and experimental females, intact males were contained for mating. The estrous cycle was studied in female rats in the last 2 weeks of exposure to beta-cyfluthrin. After the period of exposure, the experimental females were mated with intact males for no longer than 3 weeks. On the 20th day of gestation, the experimental rats were euthanized to assess reproductive parameters.
Results. The decrease in the body weight gain at a dose of 30 mg/kg establishes the general toxic effect of beta-cyfluthrin on female rats. It was also installed, that the test substance affects the estrous cycle of females, namely the duration of the proestrus stage, which received the maximum dose. The dose of 3 mg/kg bw/day had no effect on the reproductive function of females and no statistically significant changes were found between the experimental and control groups.
Conclusion. Based on the results of the gonadotoxicity study, it can be concluded that beta-cyfluthrin has a general toxic effect and reproductive toxicity at a dose of 30 mg/kg bw/day. The no-observed-effect level (NOEL) was set at 3 mg/kg bw/day.
Keywords: beta-cyfluthrin, pirethroid, reproductive function, estrous cycle, rats Wistar Han.
Hydrogen sulphide: mechanism of toxic action, clinical manifestations of acute poisoning, pathohistological signs and treatment strategy
Authors: Prodanchuk Mykola , Balan Galyna , Zhminko Petro , Anatolii Stroii
Published: January 2025

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a highly toxic gas. Among this group of poisonous substances – causes of death – it is second only to carbon monoxide. The mechanism of its toxicity has not been sufficiently studied and there is currently no specific antidote therapy. This gas is a high-priority chemical threat in industry, as well as a potential terrorist weapon of mass destruction, especially in wartime.
Aim. Based on literary data and own researches, to summarize the current concepts of its toxicity mechanisms, clinical manifestations, treatment strategies and pathohistological signs of acute hydrogen sulphide poisoning.
Materials and Мethods. Open sources of public information and scientific literature on the research topic were analysed. An analytical review of the publications of scientific online libraries PubMed, Medline, Elsevier was carried out. A retrospective analysis of the
medical documentation of two cases with acute poisoning with H2S in combination with other toxic gases was carried out. The first case of acute poisoning with H2S and other sewage gases is in a patient who died in the conditions of a medical institution in the Kyiv region, who fell ill after a 15-minute stay in a household sewage septic tank. In the victim, the data of sectional and microscopic studies of lung tissue were also studied. The second case of acute H2S poisoning in combination with other gases of putrefaction is represented by three victims hospitalized at the clinic of the Research Centre of Preventive Toxicology, Food and Chemical Safety named after L.I. Medved, Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine after cleaning a deep tank with the remains of rotten sauerkraut. One of the victims died after 6 hours. The methods of system comparative and content analysis were applied.
Results. Modern ideas about the mechanism of the toxic effect of H2S indicate that it is a rapidly metabolizing systemic toxicant that affects mitochondria, is the basis for the formation of tissue hypoxia, activation of oxidative stress, inflammatory reactions, and apoptosis. Under the acute effects of H2S, the main target organs are the nervous, bronchopulmonary and cardiovascular systems. Until now, there are no specific antidotes for the treatment of H2S poisoning, so it includes oxygen, symptomatic and supportive therapy. New therapeutic agents – potential antidotes are at the stage of preclinical research, most of which are aimed at binding H2S. There is an urgent need for the development of new therapeutic agents – absorbents (scavengers) of H2S for the prevention and treatment of poisoning, reducing morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: hydrogen sulphide, toxicity, acute poisoning, treatment, pathohistological signs.
Regional Economic Base Analysis of 20 Regions of Bangladesh Based on Industrial Sector
Authors: Nur S M Shihab , Rahman Md Touhidur
Published: January 2025

Bangladesh economy has been growing for the last few years (World Bank, 2018). It has 34th largest GDP across the world (Global Edge, 2017). In 2016, 7.1% GDP growth has made it the 2nd largest growing country in the world (Chowdhury and Hossain, 2019). This GDP growth does not represent the development of all sectors and regions of the country rather a few sectors and regions have the major contribution behind high rate. Though having 45% of the labor force work in agricultural sector, it lies at the bottom of the GDP composition in sectors (Global Edge, 2017). Again, the country’s economy, education, commerce, industry etc. are highly centralized in Dhaka (Siddiqui. K et al. 2016). The study tries to find out the discrepancies in this regard. The study is based on twenty broader regions of Bangladesh and their regional economy. The economy of these regions depends on different industrial sectors. The shares of basic and non-basic industries are also different for these regions. The study has also revealed the strength of different industrial sectors in different regions playing both roles either basic or non-basic. It finds that despite centralization, some regions have potential in some specialized sectors. The study also finds that different economic factors are instrumental for the development of regions and sectors.
JBIP, Vol. 11, 2018 (Printed in June 2020), pp. 55-66
Laporan Kasus: Hipertensi Disertai Obesitas
Authors: Syamsir Feryansyah Akhbar , Makmum Armanto
Published: January 2025

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit yang tidak menular namun mengakibatkan kematian tanpa menimbulkan adanya gejala atau bersifat asimptomatik sehingga penyakit ini kerap dikenal sebagai “Silent Killer”. Menurut Riskesdas 2018, didapatkan sebesar 34,1% penduduk di Indonesia ≥ 18 tahun menderita hipertensi yaitu sekitar 63,4 juta orang. Di Sulawesi Selatan sendiri, sekitar 8% dari penduduknya menderita hipertensi. Hipertensi merupakan penyakit multifactorial yang terjadi pada seseorang. Obesitas atau berat badan berlebih, merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya hipertensi. Pasien dalam kasus ini merupakan seorang wanita berusia 47 tahun yang telah menjalani pengobatan hipertensi selama 7 tahun disertai dengan obesitas. Keluhan saat kedatangannya yaitu nyeri pada ulu hati yang disertai dengan adanya riwayat hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan obesitas. Pasien didiagnosa dengan Hipertensi Grade 2 on Treatment, Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Dyspepsia, dan Obesitas yang diberikan terapi berupa Amlodipine 10 mg 1x1, Glimepirid 2 mg 1x1, Metformin 500 mg 1x1, dan Antasida 3x1. Pemberian intervensi farmakologis membuahkan hasil yang baik yaitu terkontrolnya tekanan darah dan gula darah pasien. Hipertensi yang diderita pasien merupakan hipertensi yang didapatkan akibat adanya beberapa faktor predisposisi pada pasien yaitu obesitas, diabetes melitus, lifestyle, umur, dan jenis kelamin
Laporan Kasus: Hipertensi Grade I Disertai Obesitas dengan Konsumsi Herbal Kayu Manis
Authors: MW. Pettawali Sitti Ainun , Makmun Armanto
Published: January 2025

Tekanan darah tinggi atau biasa disebut dengan hipertensi adalah peningkatan tekanan darah diatas normal, dimana tekanan darah normalnya 120 (sistolik) dan 80 (diastolik). Sedangkan, dikatakan hipertensi bila tekanan darah sistolik >140 dan diastolic >90 mmHg. Hipertensi sering dikaitkan dengan kejadian obesitas. Angka kesjadian hipertensi disertai obesitas juga meningkat. Berdasarkan data WHO tahun 2022 menyatakan bahwa terdapat 1,28 miliar penduduk diseluruh dunia yang menderita hipertensi serta lebih dari 80% penderita hipertensi yang berasal dari negara-negara berkembang. Pada tahun 2018 Angka kejadian hipertensi mencapai 34,1% di Indonesia. Sebagian besar penderita hipertensi berusia lebih dari 55 tahun (Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 2018). Pengobatan penyakit hipertensi dapat diberikan secara farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Terapi farmakologi menggunakan obat-obatan antihipertensi berdasarkan golongan tertentu. Terapi Non farmakologi dapat berupa pengobatan herbal seperti pada tumbuhan dan tanaman lainnya. Saat ini terdapat berbagai macam tanaman herbal yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan alternatif hipertensi sebab dinilai lebih aman untuk dikonsumsi serta efek samping yang ditimbulkan lebih sedikit dibandingkan obat-obatan dengan bahan kimia. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang dipercaya dapat menurunkan tekanan darah yaitu kayu manis. Kayu manis memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi serta mampu menyerap radikal bebas. Tujuan pada laporan kasus ini akan membahas tentang konsumsi ekstrak kayu manis sebagai antihipertensi
Laporan Kasus: Plantar Fascitis Disertai Obesitas dengan Komsumsi Rebusan Herbal Jahe, Sereh dan Kunyit
Authors: Rianti Riska , Makmun Armanto
Published: January 2025

Plantar Fascitis adalah suatu inflamasi yang terjadi pada plantar fascia akibat iritasi degeneratif pada fascia plantar dimana kondisi ini bisa terjadi karena trauma atau penyebab multifaktoral lainnya dimana salah satunya adalah obesitas. Peningkatan massa tubuh dapat menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan pada ligamen-ligamen dan otot kaki pada saat menahan berat tubuh yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan mikrotrauma. Untuk penanganan pada plantar fascitis berupa terapi farmakologi dan non-farmakologi dalam menurunkan intensitas nyeri yaitu dengan menggunakan terapi herbal dengan tanaman-tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan alternatif. Saat ini terdapat berbagai tanaman  yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan alternatif diantaranya adalah jahe, sereh dan kunyit.  Jurnal  ini bertujuan untuk membahas terkait laporan kasus  dengan komsumsi rebusan herbal jahe, sereh dan kunyit sebagai analgesik pada pasien plantar fascitis. Berdasarkan beberapa literatur didapatkan bahwa jehe mepunyai sifat panas, pahit serta aromatic dari oleoresin, gingenol, shagaol serta zingeron yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai anti-inflamasi dan analgesik. Pada Sereh dan kunyit terdapat  minyak astiri yang bersifat kimiawi dan memiliki efek farmakologi sebagai anti-inflamasi dan analgesik. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan pada laporan kasus ini dimana pemberian terapi farmakologis dan dikombinasikan dengan terapi non farmakologis berupa peregangan dan pemberian tanaman herbal dengan rebusan jahe, sereh dan kunyit membuahkan hasil dalam mengurangi intensitas nyeri yang dialami pasien.
Chronic Medical Disorders during COVID-19: Differences in Morbidities, Work, Habits and Attitudes
Authors: Paiva Teresa , Luzeiro Isabel , Reis Cátia
Published: January 2025

Background: Chronic medical disorders (CMD) are highly prevalent and are often associated with multiple mental and physical comorbidities, which amplify health risks and pose significant challenges for long-term treatment, contributing to their substantial burden on individuals and healthcare systems. During the pandemic CMD were particularly affected. Portugal besides having a higher prevalence of CMD is among the countries which used more strict protective pandemic measures with subsequent negative impacts.

Objectives: The paper aims to identify different dysfunctional patterns in 14 CMD: diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular (CVD), fibromyalgia, rheumatologic, respiratory, allergic, autoimmune, gastrointestinal and dermatologic disorders, chronic pain, fatigue, tinnitus and dizziness.

Methods: Online surveys were used for data collection gathering 5479 individuals, mean age 48.5 years, ranging from 18 to 90 years, 67.7% were females. Demographics, work before COVID, health status, confinement, attitudes and behaviors, mental health, sleep, physical activity, multimedia use, nutrition, toxics and additions. ANOVA and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used for data analysis and significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: The most important features to differentiate CMD were comorbidities, work stress before COVID, Sleep, Mental Health and Attitudes. The disorders with higher canonical correlations with the discriminant function in LDA were: Chronic Pain, Fibromyalgia, Autoimmune, CVD, Fatigue, Diabetes, Dermatologic, Dizziness. Correct classification of the original group varied between 79.2 and 92.0%. Correct classification for “Not having” a specific CMD varied between 79.7 and 92.5%. Correct classification for “Having” a specific CMD provided lower values and varied between 60.0 and 82.4%.

Conclusions: The CMD studied exhibited distinct characteristics both among themselves and compared to individuals without the disease. LDA achieved high accuracy in classifying each CMD. These findings provide valuable insights for guiding strategies to manage CMD’s during future public heath disasters.
Hyperglycemia Risk Evaluation of Hydrocortisone Intermittent Boluses Vs Continuous Infusion in Diabetic Patients with Septic Shock: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: K Swathy , J Naveen , P Vivek , VU Akhilesh , Mithun Rathenmurugan , Sreelekshmi Sreenath , PR Sudhakaran , Oommen Oommen V
Published: January 2025

Background & Objectives: Septic shock is a serious condition associated with a high mortality rate because of the multiorgan dysfunction caused by dysregulated host immune responses to infection. Giving low dose steroids in septic shock patients has been shown to hasten the reversal of shock and current Surviving Sepsis Guidelines (SSG) also suggest using low dose steroids for the same. Also, the use of steroids causes hyperglycaemia particularly in diabetic patients. The current SSG does not specify the method of administration. The primary objective of our study was to compare continuous infusion vs intermittent boluses of hydrocortisone to obtain a better glycaemic control.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in diabetic patients with septic shock admitted in Multi Disciplinary Intensive Care Unit (MDICU) of PRS hospital from July 2022 to February2023. Hydrocortisone was given as continuous infusion in 55 subjects and the remaining 55 received intermittent boluses of hydrocortisone and average blood glucose values were measured in both the groups.

Results: Among 110 patients, 55 patients each received continuous infusion and intermittent boluses of hydrocortisone respectively. The mean blood glucose values in continuous infusion group were 161.1 ± 22.7 and 172.5 ± 21.0 (mg/ dl) in intermittent boluses group which was statistically significant with a p value of 0.007. There was no statistically significant difference among the groups in 28-day mortality, ICU length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, or other secondary safety outcomes.

Conclusions: This study infers that giving hydrocortisone as continuous infusions in septic shock patients leads to better glycaemic control when compared to intermittent boluses of hydrocortisone, without any difference in 28-day mortality.
Comparison of Adverse COVID-19 Vaccines Reactions between First and Second Doses, First Booster and Fourth Doses in General Medicine
Authors: Turabian Jose Luis
Published: January 2025

Background: Differential characteristics of the adverse reactions between the different COVID-19 vaccinations shots are not clearly known.

Objective: Comparison of adverse reactions that led to consultation with the general practitioner between first and second, third (first booster) and fourth (second booster) doses of COVID-19 vaccines.

Methodology: Several longitudinal studies are compared, with the same methodology and population, of adverse COVID-19 vaccines reactions that were the reason for medical consultation, in people with first and second doses from February to July 2021, first booster from November 2021 to August 2022 and fourth dose (second booster) of bivalent mRNA from October 1, 2022 to February 28, 2023.

Results: A total of 109 adverse COVID-19 vaccines reactions with the first and second doses, 21 adverse COVID-19 vaccines reactions in vaccinated people with first booster, and 4 adverse COVID-19 vaccines reactions in vaccinated people with fourth dose (second booster) were included. The only statistically significant differences were that the adverse reactions of first and second doses vs. first and second boosters were occurred in people < 65 years [p= .00041], were more certain and probable [p= .027042], and more mild and moderate [p= .005912]. There were no differences by chronic diseases or symptoms.

Conclusion: Adverse reactions were more severe, more unlikely/conditional, and occurred in older people with the boosters than with the first or second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. However, these differences must be taken with caution and could be explained by older people being more vaccinated with booster, and by the knowledge of the population over time, which may change the reason for consultation with general practitioner towards adverse reactions severe and less known. Our data support the safety of COVID-19 vaccines, including the first and second booster.
Spor Bilimleri Alanındaki Öğrencilerin Teknolojik Değer Yönelimi Algıları ile İnternet Kullanım Motivasyonları İlişkisi
Authors: Karadağ Öznur , Esen Akkaya Elvan , Mirzeoğlu A. Dilşad , Atlı Kadir
Published: January 2025

Teknoloji ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların her alanda varlığını gösterdiği günümüzde, spor bilimleri alanında da teknoloji ile ilgili araştırmaların yapılmasının farkındalık yaratma noktasında öneme sahip olduğu söylenebilir. Bu nedenle, bu araştırmada spor bilimleri alanında eğitim alan öğrencilerin teknolojik değer yönelimi algıları ile internet kullanım motivasyonlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından karşılaştırılması ve teknolojik değer yönelimi algıları ile internet kullanım motivasyonları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli ile yürütülen araştırmaya, Türkiye’nin Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde yer alan çeşitli üniversitelerin spor bilimleri alanında öğrenim gören 719 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Teknolojik Değer Yönelimi Algı Ölçeği (TDYA) ve İnternet Kullanım Motivasyonu Ölçeği (İKM) ile toplanmıştır. Veriler bağımsız gruplarda t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyon testiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgularda tek kardeş ve iki kardeş olan erkek öğrencilerin internet kullanım motivasyonları anlamlı şekilde yüksek çıkmıştır (p<0,05). Teknolojik değer yönelimi algılarında ise antrenörlük bölümü öğrencilerinin anlamlı şekilde yüksek bir algıya sahip oldukları görülürken (p<0,05), TDYA ile İKM toplam puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak, spor bilimleri öğrencilerinin orta düzeyde TDYA ve İKM’ye sahip oldukları, TDYA ile İKM arasında anlamlı bir ilişkisinin olmadığı söylenebilir.
THE GENRE TRADITION OF THE BILDUNGSROMAN IN THE NOVELS OF THE PROTOCANON OF SOCIALIST REALISM
Authors: OSMUKHINA OLGA , OVSYANNIKOVA EKATERINA , SVYATOSLAVSKY ALEXEY
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the protocanon phase of the Russian novel of education on the material of N. Ognev’s “Diary of Kostya Ryabtsev” and A. Gaidar’s “School”. It is established, firstly, that the genre tradition of the novel of education, represented in these texts, embodies the common universal idea of the socialist realist novel – the education of workers in the spirit of socialist realism. Secondly, the markers of socialist realist consciousness, the carriers of which the main characters become, are: a clearly formed position in relation to the bourgeois class, a heightened sense of justice. Thirdly, A. Gaidar’s and N. Ognev’s heroes have not yet arrived at exceptional positivity: the trajectory of transformation of Kostya Ryabtsev and Boris Gorikov is identical – it is the path from spontaneity to consciousness, obedience to the Party. Finally, unlike the characters of socialist realism, whose direction of character development is characterized by a consistent upward upward movement, the trajectory of personality development of A. Gailar’s and N. Ognev’s heroes is a downward movement up to the point of symbolic death. A. Gaidar’s and N. Ognev’s heroes’ personality trajectory is a downward movement up to the point followed by symbolic death. Only after experiencing it, they start an upward movement, get a new chance to find themselves.
THE EMERGENCE OF POSTMODERN TRENDS IN THE LITERATURE OF SOCIALIST REALIZM (EARLY ANDREY BITOV)
Authors: BOGDANOVA OLGA , ZHILENE EKATERINA , ZHANG YU , SVYATOSLAVSKY ALEXEY
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article is to examine the beginning of the emergence of postmodern trends in Russian literature in the 1960s and 1980s and, using the example of Andrei Bitov’s short story “Penelope”, to show how the traditional theme of love underwent a gradual transformation at the end of the twentieth century. The article shows how the theme of love, which previously served as a condition for revealing the moral and ethical potential of the male protagonist in Russian and world literature, began to lose its distinct real features in postmodern prose and turn into love-mirage, love-illusion. The analysis revealed that Andrey Bitov was one of the first Russian postmodern writers in modern prose who identified and demonstrated new components of the love theme.
The Protective Effect of Serum Antibodies in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 Virus Entry Into Cardiac Muscle
Authors: Kessler M , Vojtíšek T , Zeman T , Krajsa J , Srník M , Dziedzinska R , Šerý O
Published: January 2025

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been associated with significant cardiovascular complications, including myocardial infection and pulmonary embolism. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the myocardium of the left ventricle and the levels of IgG and IgM antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in deceased COVID-19 patients. We conducted a post-mortem examination on 91 individuals who succumbed to COVID-19-related complications. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the myocardium of the left ventricle was analyzed reverse transcription real time PCR (RT-qPCR) (EliGene® COVID19 UKV/SAV RT kit, Elisabeth Pharmacon), and antibody levels in serum were analyzed by serological assays (VIDAS SARS-COV-2 IgM and VIDAS SARS-COV-2 IgG II tests, BioMérieux). Of the heart tissue samples, 44 % tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Our findings indicate that any detectable level of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 reduces the risk of viral penetration into the myocardium by more than fourfold. Specifically, individuals with detectable levels of IgG and IgM antibodies exhibited a significantly reduced presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in cardiac tissues (p<0.0001 for IgG and p<0.001 for IgM). Notably, all patients who died from pulmonary embolism had elevated levels of IgG antibodies. The study underscores the protective role of IgG and IgM antibodies in preventing SARS-CoV-2 penetration into cardiac tissues. However, high antibody titers were associated with fatal outcomes such as pulmonary embolism, pointing to the intricate balance of immune response in COVID-19 pathology.
Bireylerin Akılcı İlaç Kullanımı ile Akılcı Antibiyotik Kullanımlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Kahramanmaraş Örneği
Authors: Kıraç Ramazan , Yağcı Özen Melek
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Akılcı ilaç kullanımı, ilaçların doğru dozda, sürede ve hekimin önerisiyle alınmasını ifade ederken, akılcı antibiyotik kullanımı ise yalnızca gerekli durumlarda ve uygun miktarlarda antibiyotik kullanımını kapsar. Bu çalışma, bireylerin akılcı ilaç ve akılcı antibiyotik kullanımlarını etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Nicel araştırma deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmaya, Kahramanmaraş merkezde ikamet eden, 18 yaş ve üzeri 401 yetişkin dâhil edilmiştir. SPSS ve AMOS programları kullanılarak yapılan analizlerde, “Akılcı İlaç Kullanma Ölçeği” ve “Akılcı Antibiyotik Kullanma Tutumu Ölçeği” Cronbach alpha (α) değerleri sırasıyla (0,725; 0,758) olarak elde edilmiş olup; veriler, bağımsız gruplarda t testi, bağımsız gruplarda tek yönlü varyans analizi, regresyon analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Akılcı ilaç kullanım ölçeği puanları 38,07±4,18; akılcı antibiyotik kullanımı tutumları ölçek puanı ise 35,75±5,26 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hekime gitmeden ilaç kullanma durumu ve hekime gitme amacı ile akılcı ilaç kullanım ölçeği arasında anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p
Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Doğum İnançları ile Doğum Tutumlarına İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: Çuvadar Ayşe , Yücetürk Sibel
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Bu çalışma, ebelik öğrencilerinin doğum sürecine dair tutumlarını ve inançlarını belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, tanımlayıcı, kesitsel ve korelasyonel bir araştırmadır. Türkiye’nin Karadeniz Bölgesinde bulunan iki üniversitede öğrenim gören 500 ebelik öğrencisi çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, 01.10.2023- 01.01.2024 tarihleri arasında “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Doğum İnançları Ölçeği” ve “Doğum Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler, SPSS 27.0 paket programı kullanılarak yapıldı. Ortalamaların karşılaştırılmasında normal dağılımlar için t-testi ve ANOVA, normal olmayan dağılımlar için Mann-Whitney-U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanıldı. P değeri
Eye Emergencies in the Geriatric Population: Single Center Results from 2015-2023
Authors: Karatepe Mustafa Salih , Yalınbaş Yeter Duygu
Published: January 2025

Aim: To evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics of geriatric patients who apply to the emergency department with ophthalmic complaints, to determine risk factors, design appropriate prevention strategies, and improve existing ones.
Material and Methods: The records of patients aged ≥ 65 years who applied to the emergency department with ophthalmic complaints were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups traumatic and non-traumatic based on their presenting complaints.
Results: The study included two hundred-five patients with a median age of 72 (65-100). Among the patients, 81 (39.51%) were women with a median age of 74 (65-100), and 124 (60.48%) were men with a median age of 71.5 (65-93). One hundred and twenty-four (60.48%) of the patients were admitted for traumatic reasons and 81 (39.51%) for non-traumatic reasons. Of the patients admitted for traumatic reasons, 25 (20.16%) were women and 99 (79.83%) were men; Of the patients admitted for non-traumatic reasons, 56 (69.13%) were women and 25 (30.86%) were men. Falls (24.19%) were the most common in those admitted for traumatic reasons. According to gender, eye traumas were statistically significantly more common in men than in women (p
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Etik Duyarlılıkları ile Bakım Davranış Algıları Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Serçe Aziz Kerem , Kacaroğlu Vicdan Ayşe
Published: January 2025

Amaç: Bu araştırma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin etik duyarlılıkları ile bakım davranış algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı türde olan araştırma 01.12.2022-30.12.2022 tarihleri arasında bir üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören ve çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü 404 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri; Öğrenci Bilgi Toplama Formu, Hemşirelik Öğrencileri İçin Uyarlanmış Etik Duyarlılık Ölçeği ve Bakım Davranışları Ölçeği-24 ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde, frekans dağılımı ve tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır. İkili gruplarda bağımsız örneklem t testi, ikiden fazla gruplarda tek yönlü varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçekler arasında ilişkinin incelenmesi için pearson korelasyon analizi, güvenirlik için Cronbach alfa değeri kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p
The C. A. Lejeune Archive: Film Criticism for The Observer, The Sketch and Britain To-day
Authors: Ayres John D.
Published: January 2025

This article considers the means and styles with which film critic Caroline A. Lejeune (1897–1973) wrote for a multiplicity of journalistic outlets. Via reference to a newly acquired collection of her papers at the John Rylands Research Institute and Library, it examines how Lejeune reviewed selected films for The Observer newspaper, the illustrated society magazine The Sketch and the British Council propaganda periodical Britain To-day. Responding to the content of this archival holding, the article will pay specific attention to a series of reviews written for films such as Moulin Rouge, The Story of Gilbert and Sullivan and The Titfield Thunderbolt, and well as considering the academic and socio-political implications of examining and writing about content drawn from a ‘woman’s archive’.
The BFI, Cultural Diversity and its Faltering Response to Social and Epistemic Injustice
Authors: Paterson Richard
Published: January 2025

Over its history the BFI since its foundation in 1933 has regularly had to contend with changes in culture and in relation to issues of diversity, from the language used in cataloguing films in its archive to the funding of films which reflect Britain’s evolving population and demography. This article traces that history through the lens of institutional thinking and describes repeated initiatives to address perceived epistemic injustices in Britain, how these factors influenced and influence the treatment of issues relating to ethnicity, sexuality and disability, and how these have been affected by the organisation’s changing leadership and governance.
Governing bodies of the Communist Party of Ukraine as subjects of rule- making in the theory and practice of Ukrainian constitutionalism 1977–1984
Authors: Khudoyar Lesya Viktorivna , Muzyka Iryna Volodymyrivna
Published: January 2025

The article examines the problem of determining the legal status of the governing bodies of the Communist Party of Ukraine as subjects of rule-making activity in the Ukrainian constitutionalism of 1977–1984.

The article examines the problem of determining the legal status of the governing bodies of the Communist Party of Ukraine as subjects of rule-making activity in the Ukrainian constitutionalism of 1977–1984. In the system of law-making subjects of the studied period, the governing bodies of the Communist Party of Ukraine constitute a separate specific group, whose normative acts played a leading role and acted as the main system-forming factor for the elements of the system of normative acts of the Ukrainian SSR, since the content of their normative prescriptions actually determined the structural structure of the legal system of that time in the Ukrainian SSR and the content of its components.

De facto, the governing bodies of the Communist Party of Ukraine in 1977–1984 had the status of subjects of rule-making activity. Acts of an imperative nature of higher party bodies, as well as joint resolutions of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine and the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR were in fact acts of the highest legal force, which contain primary (abstract) norms of a universally binding nature or mandatory instructions and instructions addressed to specific subjects. Precepts of party acts both from the point of view of form and from the point of view of their content are legal norms and form a hierarchical system. They were also specified by the legislative and executive authorities in laws and by-laws or were implemented directly by the subjects to whom they were addressed.

Key words: Ukraine, history of law, subjects of rule-making, governing bodies of the Communist Party of Ukraine, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, constitutional principles of rule-making activity in the Ukrainian SSR.
Collaborationism of private performers and other persons who provide public services: feasibility of criminalization
Authors: Nordio Vadym Viktorovich
Published: January 2025

The article examines the issue of the expediency of criminalizing the collaboration activities of persons providing public services, within the meaning of Ukrainian legislation, in the temporarily occupied territories of our State. Particular attention in this context is paid to the criminalization of collaborationism of private contractors. The author analyzes legislative initiatives aimed at establishing criminal liability for collaboration as its independent form in Article 1111 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, namely, the draft Laws of Ukraine No. 8077 of 26.09.2022, No. 8301 of 23.12.2022, and No. 10136 of 09.10.2023. Each of these draft laws proposes to criminalize private enforcement officers for carrying out their professional activities in cooperation with the aggressor state.

It is established that in the conclusions of the Main Scientific and Expert Department of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on the first two draft laws, the author pointed out that it is inappropriate to establish criminal liability for collaboration activities for attorneys-at-law and subjects of state registration of real rights. The author supports this assessment of the relevant legislative initiatives, since, for example, the activities of attorneys-at-law are inherently human rights-based, and therefore, criminalizing attorneys-at-law for collaboration is an excessive prospective application of criminal law.

It is stated that in the Russian Federation there is no such profession as a private bailiff, and the enforcement of court decisions is carried out by the federal bailiff service. That is, the activity of enforcement of court decisions is state-owned, and therefore it clearly cannot be an independent professional activity.

The author concludes that the criminalization of the collaborative activities of private bailiffs is excessive, since, given the regulation of bailiffs’ activities by Russian legislation implemented in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, the activities of private bailiffs in these territories are impossible.

Key words: private contractor, person providing a public service, independent professional activity, collaboration, collaborationism, criminalisation, crime, criminal offence, criminal liability, temporarily occupied territory