bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proteomic profile of the hard corona of charged polystyrene nanoparticles exposed to sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus coelomic fluid highlights potential drivers of toxicity
Authors: Grassi Giacomo , Landi Claudia , Della Torre Camilla , Bergami Elisa , Bini Luca , Corsi Ilaria
Published: September 2019

The biological identity of oppositely charged polystyrene nanoparticles entails the potential for cell interactions and toxicity.
PFOA and PFOS removal by ion exchange for water reuse and drinking applications: role of organic matter characteristics
Authors: Dixit Fuhar , Barbeau Benoit , Mostafavi Shadan Ghavam , Mohseni Madjid
Published: September 2019

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are drinking water contaminants of emerging concern due to their persistence in the environment and tendency to bio-accumulate.
GVL pulping facilitates nanocellulose production from woody biomass
Authors: Chen Mingjie , Ma Qianli , Zhu J. Y. , Martin Alonso David , Runge Troy
Published: September 2019

Nanocellulose was extracted from wood by green GVL pulping without bleaching, but with no impact on the properties of nanocellulose.
Controlling the degrees of freedom in metasurface designs for multi-functional optical devices
Authors: Xiong Bo , Deng Lin , Peng Ruwen , Liu Yongmin
Published: September 2019

This review discusses the control over the degrees of freedom (DOF) in the design space to develop multi-functional metasurfaces.
The effect of nitro groups on N2 extrusion from aromatic azide-based energetic materials
Authors: Shoaf Ashley L. , Bayse Craig A.
Published: September 2019

ortho nitroaromatic azides extrude N2 through cyclization to a benzofuroxan derivative. DFT calculations show that steric and electronic factors influence the activation barriers for extrusion in energetic materials.
Oxidative addition of verdazyl halogenides to Pd(PPh3)4
Authors: Petunin Pavel V. , Votkina Darya E. , Trusova Marina E. , Rybalova Tatyana V. , Amosov Evgeny V. , Uvarov Mikhail N. , Postnikov Pavel S. , Kazantsev Maxim S. , Mostovich Evgeny A.
Published: September 2019

A novel approach to the preparation of stable Pd-substituted verdazyls was developed through the direct oxidative addition of iodoverdazyls to Pd(PPh3)4.
Understanding ferroelectric phase formation in doped HfO2 thin films based on classical nucleation theory
Authors: Park Min Hyuk , Lee Young Hwan , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: September 2019

The nucleation theory is revisited to understand the unexpected ferroelectric phase formation in HfO2-based thin films. Considering the two-step phase transition from amorphous doped HfO2, the ferroelectric phase formation can be understood.
Emerones A–C: three novel merosesquiterpenoids with unprecedented skeletons from Emericella sp. XL029
Authors: Chen Heng-Ye , Liu Ting-Kai , Yang Jian , Yang Xiao-Long
Published: September 2019

Three novel merosesquiterpenoids (1–3) from Emericella sp. XL029.
Rapid synthesis of PEGylated multiblock polymers by sequence-controlled polymerization in H2O
Authors: Liu Xiaoling , Feng Yunbo , Jin Lunqiang , Wang Xueyi , Zhang Xiang , Xie Yi , Zhao Changsheng , Appelhans Dietmar , Voit Brigitte
Published: September 2019

Multiblock polymers with a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block are attractive candidates for biomedical applications because of their favorable properties regarding biocompatibility and hydrophilicity.
A combination of super-resolution fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging using a Mn(ii) compound
Authors: Tian Xiaohe , Xiao Lufei , Shen Yu , Luo Lei , Zhang Guilong , Zhang Qiong , Li Dandan , Wu Jieying , Wu Zhengyan , Zhang Zhongping , Tian Yupeng
Published: September 2019

Two manganese(ii) complexes supported by terpyridyl-based ligands were synthesized; they showed an enhanced fluorescence, including a two-photon signal and magnetic contrast, and were used in multi-modal imaging.
An Fe2O3 nanoparticle-reduced graphene oxide composite for ambient electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3
Authors: Li Jian , Zhu Xiaojuan , Wang Ting , Luo Yonglan , Sun Xuping
Published: September 2019

Fe2O3-rGO behaves as an Earth-abundant NRR electrocatalyst for conversion of N2 to NH3 in 0.5 M LiClO4, achieving a large NH3 yield of 22.13 μg h−1 mg−1cat and a high faradaic efficiency of 5.89%.
Anomalous behavior above the Curie temperature in (Nd1−xGdx)0.55Sr0.45MnO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5)
Authors: Kamel R. , Tozri A. , Dhahri E. , Hlil E. K.
Published: September 2019

Magnetic properties were studied just above the ferromagnetic–paramagnetic (FM–PM) phase transition of (Nd1−xGdx)0.55Sr0.45MnO3 with x = 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5.
Mo-doped ZnO nanoflakes on Ni-foam for asymmetric supercapacitor applications
Authors: Ali Awais , Ammar Muhammad , Ali Muddassir , Yahya Zaid , Javaid Muhammad Yasar , Hassan Sadaf ul , Ahmed Toheed
Published: September 2019

Mo:ZnO nanoflakes were synthesized by single-step hydrothermal route to achieve superior electrochemical performance.
Zonal rotor centrifugation revisited: new horizons in sorting nanoparticles
Authors: Plüisch Claudia Simone , Bössenecker Brigitte , Dobler Lukas , Wittemann Alexander
Published: September 2019

Hollow bowl-shaped rotors allow for efficient fractionation of nanoparticle mixtures at large scale.
Remarkably selective biocompatible turn-on fluorescent probe for detection of Fe3+ in human blood samples and cells
Authors: V. H. Vishaka , Saxena Manav , R. Geetha Balakrishna , Latiyan Sachin , Jain Shilpee
Published: September 2019

The robust nature of a biocompatible fluorescent probe is demonstrated, by its detection of Fe3+ even after repeated rounds of quenching (reversibility) by acetate in real human blood samples and cells in vitro.
New α-pyrones from an endophytic fungus, Hypoxylon investiens J2
Authors: Yuan Chao , Yang Hong-Xia , Guo Yu-Hua , Fan Lin , Zhang Ying-Bo , Li Gang
Published: September 2019

Four new α-pyrones, hypotiens A–D (1–4), were isolated from a fungal endophyte, Hypoxylon investiens J2, harbored in the medicinal plant Blumea balsamifera.
Secondary school students’ chemistry self-concepts: gender and culture, and the impact of chemistry self-concept on learning behaviour
Authors: Rüschenpöhler Lilith , Markic Silvija
Published: September 2019

While science self-concepts of secondary school students have received considerable attention, several important aspects of chemistry self-concepts have not yet been understood: gender relations, the impact of students' cultural backgrounds, and the impact of chemistry self-concept on learning processes. In the present study, (i) we could confirm our hypothesis that chemistry self-concept is strongly related to learning goal orientations. This part of the study built upon knowledge from educational psychology. Our results open the field for practical interventions designed to influence chemistry self-concepts. (ii) We investigated the gender relations in chemistry self-concept with a special focus on students’ cultural backgrounds. The results show that chemistry self-concept differs from science self-concept: the gender gap traditionally described in the literature could not be found. Instead, the study suggests that an interaction of gender and cultural background might influence chemistry self-concepts. (iii) We were interested in the influence of the context of chemistry classroom and language on self-concept. In line with the literature, we found that a good relationship with the chemistry teacher seems to have a positive impact on chemistry self-concept. Also, the perception of chemistry language and chemistry self-concepts were strongly correlated. Suggestions are made for practical interventions based on these findings.
Synthesis and fine-tuning the pore properties of a thiophene based porous organic framework by post-oxidation treatment
Authors: Liu Yanze , Zuo Yiming , Li Shuai , Li Jiani , Li Li , Liu Caixia , Ashraf Shumalia , Li Pengfei , Wang Bo
Published: September 2019

A 3D thiophene based POF was post-oxidized by m-CPBA in a controllable manner with a less effected pore width. The introduction of sulfone groups promotes the adsorption of ammonia and enhances the proton conductivity of doped POFs.
Trimeric heptad repeat synthetic peptides HR1 and HR2 efficiently inhibit HIV-1 entry
Authors: Mzoughi Olfa , Teixido Meritxell , Planès Rémi , Serrero Manutea , Hamimed Ibtissem , Zurita Esther , Moreno Miguel , Granados Giovana , Lakhdar-Ghazal Faouzi , BenMohamed Lbachir , Giralt Ernest , Bahraoui Elmostafa
Published: September 2019

The trimeric heptad repeat domains HR1 and HR2 of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) gp41 play a key role in HIV-1-entry by membrane fusion. To develop efficient inhibitors against this step, the corresponding trimeric-N36 and C34 peptides were designed and synthesized. Analysis by circular dichroism of monomeric and trimeric N36 and C34 peptides showed their capacities to adopt α-helical structures and to establish physical interactions. At the virological level, while trimeric-C34 conserves the same high anti-fusion activity as monomeric-C34, trimerization of N36-peptide induced a significant increase, reaching 500-times higher in anti-fusion activity, against R5-tropic virus-mediated fusion. This result was associated with increased stability of the N36 trimer peptide with respect to the monomeric form, as demonstrated by the comparative kinetics of their antiviral activities during 6-day incubation in a physiological medium. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that while the trimerization of C34 peptide had no beneficial effect on its stability and antiviral activity, the trimerization of N36 peptide strengthened both stability and antiviral activity. This approach, promotes trimers as new promising HIV-1 inhibitors and point to future development aimed toward innovative peptide fusion inhibitors, microbicides or as immunogens.
Academic Edge: How Ohio Solved Its SLP Shortage Problem
Authors: Allender Nada
Published: September 2019

A recruitment project involving universities added more than 300 SLPs to Ohio schools. What did it do that others could emulate?
App-titude: App-ing Up for ASHA Convention
Authors: Sweeney Sean
Published: September 2019

Need help managing travel, contact and session information? These apps can help.
Bottom Line: Who Pays the Bill for Early Intervention Services?
Authors: McCarty Janet , Havens Laurie
Published: September 2019

Medicaid, federal education funds and private insurance all cover the costs of speech-language and hearing services for infants and toddlers. Learn who pays for what.
Bottom Line: Who Pays for Communication Skills and Autism Services for Young Adults?
Authors: McCarty Janet
Published: September 2019

Young adults with autism need help with social interaction and communication to get jobs or attend college, but health care funding rarely covers their speech-language treatment.
Bottom Line: Two Clinicians—But How Many Bills?
Authors: Havens Laurie
Published: September 2019

In collaborative care, clinicians from two different disciplines may treat a patient at the same time. How do you bill this co-treatment?
First Person on the Last Page: In Running—and Sometimes in Life—Stubbornness Pays Off
Authors: Lindamer Rachael
Published: September 2019

SLP Rachael Lindamer uses running to weave passion back into her profession.
First Person on the Last Page: Hitting Home
Authors: Cote Molly
Published: September 2019

An SLP discovers the difference between working with a patient and living through the struggle.
From the President: When the Magic of Friendship Is Elusive
Authors: Prelock Patty
Published: September 2019

For adolescents with ASDs, making friends can be especially difficult—and the absence of them painful. What can we do to help?
Reading the Feeding
Authors: Shaker Catherine
Published: September 2019

The amount of milk a preemie drinks largely determines readiness for discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. But just because an infant feeds well today doesn't mean it will last. In the long term, fostering a child's consistent, positive response to feeding may be more important.
After Commencement, Clarity
Authors: Freeman Linda
Published: September 2019

Without the supports of IEP programming, high school graduates on the autism spectrum may struggle. Here are five ways speech-language pathologists in schools can help them transition to what's next.
Eight New [School] Year's Resolutions
Authors: Blosser Jean , Kaiser Holly
Published: September 2019

Start the year off right. Try a little something to move your program from good to great.
A Quick Guide to DSM-5
Authors: Paul Diane
Published: September 2019

How will the new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders affect the way you diagnose?
In Private Practice: Am I Charging Too Much? Not Enough?
Authors: Newhouse Mindy
Published: September 2019

Sharpen your pencil, grab your calculator and try this method to determine an hourly rate.
Make It Work: Document It On the Spot
Authors: Casper Mary
Published: September 2019

More and more clinicians are doing real-time documentation during treatment, but it requires multitasking. Here's how to ease the distractions.
Make It Work: Patient Scheduling That Makes Sense
Authors: Hockenberry Kylie
Published: September 2019

Creative, coordinated scheduling with occupational and physical therapists can help SLPs improve patients' overall care—and meet productivity requirements.
Overheard: Know Your Morphemes
Authors: Wolter Julie
Published: September 2019

Julie Wolter, an expert in early language development, recently led an online chat about the contribution of morphological awareness to semantic understanding and literacy development. Here's what the Leader overheard ...
DSM-5 Changes May Cause Billing Headaches
Authors: McCarty Janet
Published: September 2019

Providers may have a more difficult time linking new diagnosis codes to appropriate billing codes.
School Matters: Upfront Work, Long-Term Payoffs
Authors: Prasad Aruna
Published: September 2019

Regularly reaching across disciplinary lines may at first seem daunting. But when you see how much it helps clients, it becomes second nature.
School Matters: Kids Don't Have Strokes—Do They?
Authors: Mabry-Price Lisa
Published: September 2019

Having a child who has had a stroke on your caseload may not be what you expect, but the interventions are all very familiar.
SIGnatures: Family Friendly
Authors: Fox Lynn
Published: September 2019

In aphasia treatment, a willing, cooperative family is invaluable. To maximize this resource, involve them in every step, from setting goals to devising communication strategies.
World Beat: Bellies First, Then Brains
Authors: Paul Diane
Published: September 2019

Do you want children to listen and speak well? First you need to feed them—because, as the Haitians say, "a hungry stomach has no ears."
Consistent radial velocities of classical Cepheids from the cross-correlation technique
Authors: Borgniet S. , Kervella P. , Nardetto N. , Gallenne A. , Mérand A. , Anderson R. I. , Aufdenberg J. , Breuval L. , Gieren W. , Hocdé V. , Javanmardi B. , Lagadec E. , Pietrzyński G. , Trahin B.
Published: September 2019

Context. Accurate radial velocities (vrad) of Cepheids are mandatory within the context of Cepheid distance measurements using the Baade-Wesselink technique. The most common vrad derivation method consists in cross-correlating the observed stellar spectra with a binary template and measuring a velocity on the resulting mean profile. Nevertheless, for Cepheids and other pulsating stars, the spectral lines selected within the template as well as the way of fitting the cross-correlation function (CCF) have a direct and significant impact on the measured vrad.

Aims. Our first aim is to detail the steps to compute consistent CCFs and vrad of Cepheids. Next, this study aims at characterising the impact of Cepheid spectral properties and vrad computation methods on the resulting line profiles and vrad time series.

Methods. We collected more than 3900 high-resolution spectra from seven different spectrographs of 64 Classical Milky Way (MW) Cepheids. These spectra were normalised and standardised using a single custom-made process on pre-defined wavelength ranges. We built six tailored correlation templates selecting unblended spectral lines of different depths based on a synthetic Cepheid spectrum, on three different wavelength ranges from 3900 to 8000 Å. Each observed spectrum was cross-correlated with these templates to build the corresponding CCFs, adopted as the proxy for the spectrum mean line profile. We derived a set of line profile observables as well as three different vrad measurements from each CCF and two custom proxies for the CCF quality and amount of signal.

Results. This study presents a large catalogue of consistent Cepheid CCFs and vrad time series. It confirms that each step of the process has a significant impact on the deduced vrad: the wavelength, the template line depth and width, and the vrad computation method. The way towards more robust Cepheid vrad time series seems to go through steps that minimise the asymmetry of the line profile and its impact on the vrad. Centroid or first-moment vrad, that exhibit slightly smaller amplitudes but significantly smaller scatter than Gaussian or biGaussian vrad, should therefore be favoured. Stronger or deeper spectral lines also tend to be less asymmetric and lead to more robust vrad than weaker lines.
Islanded Mode Response Verification of AC Microgrid under Symmetrical and Non-symmetrical Short Circuits
Authors: Aminu Maruf A.
Published: September 2019

The assumptions and parameters required in modeling a microgrid depend on the platform, among other variables. It is therefore pertinent to verify the response of a modeled testbed to establish its validity. This work reports on verification of the response of a wind turbines-based microgrid to symmetrical and non-symmetrical short circuits. The testbed consists of 2 units of 5.5 kW 400 V wind turbines capable of connecting to the utility. Short circuits are introduced at 6.00 second and withdrawn at 8.00 second, measuring the dynamic response of the testbed while the microgrid is in islanded mode alternately under voltage and reactive power control strategies. The response is shown to be consistent, symptomatic of the type of short circuit and therefore suitable for short circuit detection and diagnosis, verifying validity of the microgrid testbed. The testbed can therefore be used for short circuit related studies, design optimization and performance prediction.
Development of Cable Accessories with SiR Insulation for 320kV HVDC Cables
Authors: Xu Ruoyu , Zhou Mingyu , Han Zhengyi , Luo Yi , Wang Haitian , Zhou Yuzhen , Yang Tong
Published: September 2019

HVDC cable accessories with environment-friendly insulating material and flexible compatibility other than ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) are demanded in the global market. In this paper, the authors present their newly developed silicone rubber (SiR) insulated cable joints and terminations as a potential answer to that call. Simulation models were built in computer programs. Three most venerable spots in the insulator were identified. SiR insulated accessories with optimised conductivity were produced and tested according to Cigre TB 496 and IEC 62895:2017. The test objects passed the type test with good success. It proved that with proper design, manufacturing and installation, SiR insulated cable accessories are able to provide good service in the power system networks.
Challenges and Research Opportunities of Frequency Control in Low Inertia Systems
Authors: Nguyen Ha Thi , Yang Guangya , Nielsen Arne Hejde , Jensen Peter Højgaard
Published: September 2019

The dominance of converter-based generation in power systems results in a significant reduction of the number of conventional power plants. The transition introduces major challenges of substituting synchronous generators and their ancillary dynamic control services with converter-interfaced generations whose control and interaction with the grid have not been fully understood. This paper presents challenges and research opportunities of frequency control of such low inertia systems. Challenges of frequency control in converter-based systems and a review of power systems facing the challenges caused by low inertia conditions around the world are first investigated. Then, a summary of the solutions that have been proposed for frequency control in low inertia systems is analysed. The paper will conclude with research opportunities for frequency control in low inertia systems, which require further investigation for converter-interfaced systems.
Research on High Reliability Power Supply Design Scheme of Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Geng Wang
Published: September 2019

After the Fukushima nuclear accident, the reliability requirements for Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) safety systems have been further improved worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a safe, reliable and economical scheme of the power supply system to cope with the abnormal conditions. Based on the reliability of the power supply of the 3rd generations of NPPs and combined with the application of the defend in depth concept in the electrical system, this paper provides a brief introduction of the typical 3rd generation NPP electrical system in the following area: the configuration of the electrical power system, defence in depth principle of the power supply, the basic structure of electrical power system. On this basis, an optimal power supply scheme is proposed.
Developing Indicators of Green Initiation and Green Design of Green Supply Chain Management in Construction Industry
Authors: Wibowo Mochamad Agung , Handayani Naniek Utami , Farida Nur , Nurdiana Asri
Published: September 2019

Project is a set of interrelated activities and requires skills from different professions, and also project is involved the various of stakeholders in each phase of the Project Life Cycle. Implementation of Green Supply Chain in construction projects meant to bring the concept of eco-friendly in every process from the initiation phase, planning phase, the construction phase, and the operation and maintenance phase. It is necessary to identify indicators of green initiation and green design and how to explain the relationship between the role of initiation by the owner and the design process by a design consultant. This study aims to identify the indicators of green initiation and green design concept as part of Green Supply Chain. The method used for this study is a descriptive research that identifies and develop a framework for implementing green initiation and green design in construction industry that consists of concept, dimensions, elements, and indicators. GSCM in construction projects was determined by 9 indicators in the green initiation phase and 40 indicators in the green design phase. The success of green concept in construction project is very determined from these two phases as the beginning of the process, and the most important parties are the owners and design consultants.
Lymphomatoid papulosis localized to the oral mucosa: case report and literature review
Authors: Bretsztajn S. , Leturc T. , Euvrard E. , Bodard A.-G.
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Lymphomatoid papulosis is a primary CD 30+ cutaneous lymphoproliferation. Observation: We report the case of a 39-year-old patient who presented with ulcers on the back of the tongue, gums, buccal mucosa, and soft palate, which evolved as spontaneously regressive flare-ups. The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease was initially proposed. Several years later, the patient presented an ulcer on the left middle finger. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of lymphomatoid papulosis. Discussion: This chronic dermatosis manifests a single rash or multiple papulonodular rashes, evolving as spontaneously regressive flare-ups. Mucosal involvement is rare, and no prognostic factor for this location has been highlighted to this date. Pathological examination is essential. Conclusion: The mucosal involvement of lymphomatoid papulosis is one of the diagnoses to be considered for recurrent mouth ulcers.
Evaluation of Treatment Strategies to Manage Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy: Use of Fetal Sonography Compared to Monitoring of Maternal Blood Glucose Alone
Authors: Schütze Sarah Theresa , Groten Tanja , Schleussner Ekkehard , Battefeld Wilgard
Published: September 2019

Introduction When planning the treatment of women with gestational diabetes, the current standard approach also takes fetal growth development into account. The treatment of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) used to be based exclusively on maternal blood glucose values. This study investigated the impact of including fetal growth parameters in the monitoring of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Patients/Method 199 pregnant women with type 1 DM were included in a cohort study. The patient population was divided into two study cohorts. In the mBG cohort (n = 94; investigation period: 1994 – 2005) treatment was monitored using only maternal blood glucose (mBG) values; the aim was to achieve standard target glucose values (mean BG < 5.5 mmol/l, postprandial: at 1 h < 7.7 mmol/l, at 2 h < 6.6 mmol/l). In the fUS collective (n = 101, investigation period: 2006 – 2014) fetal growth parameters were additionally included when monitoring treatment from the 22nd week of gestation, and maternal target glucose values were then individually adjusted to take account of fetal growth. This study aimed to investigate the impact of these two different ways of monitoring treatment on perinatal and peripartum outcomes.

Results 91.4% of all patients were normoglycemic at the time of delivery (HbA1c < 6.7%); 58.9% of patients achieved strict normoglycemia (HbA1c < 5.7%). No differences were found between the two study cohorts (fUS vs. mBG: HbA1c < 6.7%: 93.9 vs. 88.4%, n. s.; mean blood glucose (BG): 5.4 ± 0.6 to 6.6 ± 1.1 vs. 5.9 ± 0.7 to 7.4 ± 1.9 mmol/l, n. s.). Patients from the fUS cohort required significantly lower weight-adjusted maximum insulin doses (0.9 ± 0.3 vs. 1.0 ± 0.4 IE/kg bodyweight, p < 0.05). Pregnancy complications occurred significantly less often in the fUS cohort (preeclampsia: 7.1 vs. 20.9%, p = 0.01; premature labor: 4.0 vs. 23.3%, p < 0.001; cervical insufficiency: 0.0 vs. 11.6%, p = 0.001), and there were significantly fewer cases with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (19.2 vs. 40.7%, p = 0.001). There was no difference in the rates of LGA infants between the two cohorts (21.2 vs. 24.4%, n. s.).

Conclusion Using maternal blood glucose values combined with fetal growth parameters to monitor DM treatment allows therapeutic interventions to be individualized and reduces the risk of maternal and infant morbidity. The metabolism of patients in the fUS cohort was significantly more stable and there were fewer variations in glucose values. It is possible that the detected benefits are due to this metabolic stabilization.
Betreuung von Frühgeborenen und Neugeborenen mit Erkrankungen von Schwangerschaft bis Wochenbett
Authors: von Rahden Oda
Published: September 2019

Auch in den Wochen nach einer Frühgeburt sind Eltern mit ihrem Kind vielfach noch unsicher. Deshalb ist es im frühen Wochenbett bedeutsam, die Eltern-Kind-Bindung zu fördern. In Teil 2 der Serie vermittelt die Autorin, wie Sie Familien nach der Frühgeburt und Klinikentlassung adäquat begleiten. Lesen Sie, wie es mit den in Teil 1 vorgestellten Familien weiterging, und finden Sie in den Kommentaren zu den Fallbeispielen Handlungsempfehlungen für die Praxis.
Verzögertes Abnabeln – Frauen kompetent beraten
Authors: Kalbér Anna , Kühn Thomas
Published: September 2019

Wann ist der optimale Zeitpunkt für das Abnabeln Neugeborener – gibt es diesen überhaupt? Was spricht für spätes Abnabeln? Und wie beraten wir Frauen? Der Artikel fasst aktuelle Evidenz zusammen und vermittelt Wissen für die Praxis.
Primary Nursing – ein zukunftsträchtiges Konzept für die Geburtshilfe?
Authors: Hoja Daniela , Schierack Stephanie , Luntz Jana
Published: September 2019

Primary Nursing ist ein Pflegesystem, das durch verstärkte Verantwortungsübernahme vor allem innerhalb der Profession Pflege geprägt ist. Es verschafft den Pflegenden mehr Handlungsautonomie im Versorgungsprozess. Für Patienten bedeutet Primary Nursing mehr Orientierung und Sicherheit durch eine feste Ansprechpartnerin aus der Pflege. Ob dieses primäre Pflegesystem fürs geburtshilfliche Setting praktikabel und Erfolg versprechend ist und wie eine mögliche Implementierungsstrategie aussehen kann, eruiert dieser Übersichtsartikel.
Liver Stiffness Assessed by Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography from General Electric Accurately Predicts Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension in Patients with Advanced Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Stefanescu Horia , Rusu Corina , Lupsor-Platon Monica , Nicoara Farcau Oana , Fischer Petra , Grigoras Crina , Horhat Adelina , Stancu Oana , Ardelean Andreea , Tantau Marcel , Badea Radu , Procopet Bogdan
Published: September 2019

Purpose Clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) is responsible for most of the complications in patients with cirrhosis. Liver stiffness (LS) measurement by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is currently used to evaluate CSPH. Bi-dimensional shear wave elastography from General Electric (2D-SWE.GE) has not yet been validated for the diagnosis of PHT. Our aims were to test whether 2D-SWE.GE-LS is able to evaluate CSPH, to determine the reliability criteria of the method and to compare its accuracy with that of VCTE-LS in this clinical setting.

Materials and Methods Patients with chronic liver disease referred to hepatic catheterization (HVPG) were consecutively enrolled. HVPG and LS by both VCTE and 2D-SWE.GE were performed on the same day. The diagnostic performance of each LS method was compared against HVPG and between each other.

Results 2D-SWE.GE-LS was possible in 123/127 (96.90 %) patients. The ability to record at least 5 LS measurements by 2D-SWE.GE and IQR < 30 % were the only features associated with reliable results. 2D-SWE.GE-LS was highly correlated with HVPG (r = 0.704; p < 0.0001), especially if HVPG < 10 mmHg and was significantly higher in patients with CSPH (15.52 vs. 8.14 kPa; p < 0.0001). For a cut-off value of 11.3 kPa, the AUROC of 2D-SWE.GE-LS to detect CSPH was 0.91, which was not inferior to VCTE-LS (0.92; p = 0.79). The diagnostic accuracy of LS by 2D-SWE.GE-LS to detect CSPH was similar with the one of VCTE-LS (83.74 % vs. 85.37 %; p = 0.238). The diagnostic accuracy was not enhanced by using different cut-off values which enhanced the sensitivity or the specificity. However, in the subgroup of compensated patients with alcoholic liver disease, 2D-SWE.GE-LS classified CSPH better than VCTE-LS (93.33 % vs. 85.71 %, p = 0.039).

Conclusion 2D-SWE.GE-LS has good accuracy, not inferior to VCTE-LS, for the diagnosis of CSPH.
Effects of Antenatal Betamethasone on Fetal Doppler Indices and Short Term Fetal Heart Rate Variation in Early Growth Restricted Fetuses
Authors: Fratelli Nicola , Prefumo Federico , Wolf Hans , Hecher Kurt , Visser Gerard H. A. , Giussani Dino , Derks Jan B. , Shaw Caroline J. , Frusca Tiziana , Ghi Tullio , Ferrazzi E. , Lees Christoph C. ,   on behalf of the TRUFFLE Group,   TRUFFLE Group authors,   TRUFFLE Group collaborating authors
Published: September 2019

Purpose To investigate the effects of the antenatal administration of betamethasone on fetal Doppler and short term fetal heart rate variation (CTG-STV) in early growth restricted (FGR) fetuses.

Materials and Methods Post hoc analysis of data derived from the TRUFFLE study, a prospective, multicenter, randomized management trial of severe early onset FGR. Repeat Doppler and CTG-STV measurements between the last recording within 48 hours before the first dose of betamethasone (baseline value) and for 10 days after were evaluated. Multilevel analysis was performed to analyze the longitudinal course of the umbilico-cerebral ratio (UC ratio), the ductus venosus pulsatility index (DVPIV) and CTG-STV.

Results We included 115 fetuses. A significant increase from baseline in CTG-STV was found on day + 1 (p = 0.019) but no difference thereafter. The DVPIV was not significantly different from baseline in any of the 10 days following the first dose of betamethasone (p = 0.167). Multilevel analysis revealed that, over 10 days, the time elapsed from antenatal administration of betamethasone was significantly associated with a decrease in CTG-STV (p = 0.045) and an increase in the DVPIV (p = 0.001) and UC ratio (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Although steroid administration in early FGR has a minimal effect on increasing CTG-STV one day afterwards, the effects on Doppler parameters were extremely slight with regression coefficients of small magnitude suggesting no clinical significance, and were most likely related to the deterioration with time in FGR. Hence, arterial and venous Doppler assessment of fetal health remains informative following antenatal steroid administration to accelerate fetal lung maturation.
Leberzellkarzinom – Radiofrequenzablation: Welches
Bildgebungsverfahren ist effektiver?
Authors: Fietz Cornelia
Published: September 2019

Huo J et al. Comparative Effectiveness of Computed Tomography-Versus
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation Among Medicare Patients
65 Years of Age or Older With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Value Health 2019;
22(3):284–292

Die Inzidenz des Leberzellkarzinoms hat sich in den letzen 20 Jahren mehr als
verdoppelt. 2018 wurden in den USA mehr als 31 600 neue Fälle registriert,
knapp die Hälfte dieser Patienten war älter als 65 Jahre. Die damit
verbundenen jährlichen Kosten werden auf 455 Millionen US Dollar geschätzt.
Für fortgeschrittene, inoperable Fälle steht die Radiofrequenzablation als
Therapieoption zur Verfügung, die Ultraschall- oder
Computertomographie-gestützt durchgeführt werden kann. Die Autoren
vergleichen die Effektivität beider Bildgebungstechniken für das
Verfahren.
ADHS und Sucht
Authors: Ohlmeier Martin D.
Published: September 2019

Gegenstand und Ziel: Abhängigkeitserkrankungen sind bei Erwachsenen mit einer Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) häufig. Insbesondere Abhängigkeit von Cannabis, Amphetaminen und Alkohol haben sowohl für die differenzialdiagnostische Einschätzung als auch für den differenzialtherapeutischen Entscheidungsprozess eine hohe klinische Relevanz. Eine wichtige Rolle in der Pathophysiologie der Komorbidität spielt neben der „Selbstbehandlungshypothese“ und der „Dopaminmangelhypothese“ die oftmals bestehende erhöhte Risikobereitschaft bei ADHS-Patienten im Sinne eines „Sensation-Seekings“.

Material und Methoden: In dem Artikel wird eine Übersicht über die Epidemiologie, Pathophysiologie sowie die sich daraus ergebenden klinischen Implikationen der ADHS und komorbiden Abhängigkeitserkrankungen gegeben.

Ergebnisse, Schlussfolgerungen: Bei Erwachsenen mit ADHS ist die Komorbidität mit Abhängigkeitserkrankung häufig, insbesondere Cannabis, Amphetamine und Alkohol betreffend. In der Ätiopathogenese hat die „Selbstmedikationshypothese“ im Kontext der „Dopaminmangelhypothese“ eine wichtige Bedeutung. Auch die erhöhte Risikobereitschaft der betroffenen ADHS-Patienten hat im Sinne des „Sensation-Seekings“ eine große klinische Relevanz. Die Behandlung mit Psychostimulanzien ist bei Vorliegen einer komorbiden Suchterkrankung kritisch abzuwägen, da sie selbst ein Abhängigkeitspotenzial besitzen. Alternativ können Noradrenalin- und Dopamin-Wiederaufnahmehemmer eingesetzt werden. Weitere wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen hinsichtlich geeigneter Behandlungsmethoden erscheinen notwendig.
Synthesis and Characterizations of a Collagen-Rich Biomembrane with Potential for Tissue-Guided Regeneration
Authors: Silva Marcos J. , Gonçalves Carolina P. , Galvão Kleber M. , D’Alpino Paulo H. P. , Nascimento Fábio D.
Published: September 2019

Objectives In this study, a collagen-rich biomembrane obtained from porcine ­intestinal submucosa for application in guided bone regeneration was developed and characterized. Then, its biological and mechanical properties were compared with that of commercial products (GenDerm [Baumer], Lumina-Coat [Critéria], Surgitime PTFE [Bionnovation], and Surgidry Dental F [Technodry]).

Materials and Methods The biomembrane was extracted from porcine intestinal submucosa. Scanning electron microscopy, spectroscopic dispersive energy, glycosaminoglycan quantification, and confocal microscopy by intrinsic fluorescence were used to evaluate the collagen structural patterns of the biomembrane. Mechanical tensile and deformation tests were also performed.

Statistical Analysis  The results of the methods used for experimental membrane characterizations were compared with that obtained by the commercial membranes and statistically analyzed (significance of 5%).

Results The collagen-rich biomembrane developed also exhibited a more organized, less porous collagen fibril network, with the presence of glycosaminoglycans. The experimental biomembrane exhibited mechanical properties, tensile strength, and deformation behavior with improved average stress/strain when compared with other commercial membranes tested. Benefits also include a structured, flexible, and ­bioresorbable characteristics scaffold.

Conclusions The experimental collagen-rich membrane developed presents physical–chemical, molecular, and mechanical characteristics similar to or better than that of the commercial products tested, possibly allowing it to actively participating in the process of bone neoformation.
Evaluation of the Asymmetry of Leg Muscles Forces in the Subjects with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Sharifmoradi Keyvan , Karimi Mohammad Taghi , Hoseini Yasin
Published: September 2019

Running asymmetry has not been assessed among patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spatiotemporal and muscle force asymmetry indexes in the subjects with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) compared with normal subjects. Eight individuals with a reconstructed ACL and eight individuals with intact ACLs were participated in this study. A Vicon motion analysis system and two Kistler force plates were used to record data. Muscle forces analysis was done by the use of OpenSim software. The results of this study showed that ACLR group had a significant weakness in hip abductor, extensor, and adductor muscles of the affected limb compared with healthy subjects (p < 0.05). In ACLR group, asymmetry of gluteus minimus muscle force was significantly greater than that of healthy group (p = 0.04). After the reconstruction of the ACL, there is still a significant asymmetry in muscle force as well as a reduction in force production of ACLR group especially in reconstructed side which put a person at high risk of reinjuries. Thus, strengthening of these muscles on the affected side to increase running performance of ACLR group is recommended.
Approximations to the Tibial Distal Anatomical Axis in the Sagittal Plane
Authors: Miles James E.
Published: September 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to compare approximations to the tibial distal anatomical axis (DAA) with regression lines for the symmetric axis of the tibia, and to identify an optimal approximation for surgical planning of osteotomies for the management of canine cruciate ligament deficiency.

Study Design Prospective radiographic study of 20 canine tibiae. Using curve-fitting and the symmetric axis technique, the true anatomical axis was identified for each tibia. Regression lines were calculated for the distal 67% and distal 50% subsections of this axis. Angular deviations between these lines and DAA approximations were calculated and compared with to find the closest approximations.

Results The DAA approximations based on the distal 50% rather than the distal 67% of the tibia had smaller maximal deviations from the true axis. Landmarks at 50% and 75% of tibial length exhibited greater deviations than those at 50% and 95% or 100%.

Conclusion The DAA landmarks should be restricted to the distal half of the tibia. Use of a distal landmark either just proximal to the distal metaphyseal flare of the tibia or at the mid-point of the distal articular surface is to be preferred. In this way, the DAA will better reflect the true anatomical axis of the distal tibia.
High Rate of Medical Emergency Team Activation in Children with Tracheostomy
Authors: McKelvie Brianna L. , Lobos Anna-Theresa , Chan Jason , Momoli Franco , McNally James Dayre
Published: September 2019

Pediatric in-patients with tracheostomy (PIT) are at high risk for clinical deterioration. Medical emergency teams (MET) have been developed to identify high-risk patients. This study compared MET activation rates between PITs and the general ward population. This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital. The primary outcome (MET activation) was obtained from a database. Between 2008 and 2014, the MET activation rate was significantly higher in the PIT group than the general ward population (14 vs. 2.9 per 100 admissions, p < 0.001). PITs are at significantly higher risk for MET activation. Strategies should be developed to reduce their risk on the wards.
Integral norm discretization and related problems
Authors: Dai F. , Prymak A. , Temlyakov V. N. , Tikhonov S. Yu.
Published: September 2019

The problem is discussed of replacing an integral norm with respect to a given probability measure by the corresponding integral norm with respect to a discrete measure. This problem is investigated for elements of finite-dimensional spaces. Also, discretization of the uniform norm of functions in a given finite-dimensional subspace of continuous functions is studied. Special attention is given to the case of multivariate trigonometric polynomials with frequencies (harmonics) in a finite set with fixed cardinality. Both new results and a survey of known results are presented.

Bibliography: 47 titles.
Agent-based modelling study of antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmission in men who have sex with men: towards individualised diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Zienkiewicz Adam K. , Verschueren van Rees Nicolás , Homer Martin , Ong Jason J. , Christensen Hannah , Hill Darryl , Looker Katharine J. , Horner Paddy , Hughes Gwenda , Turner Katy M. E.
Published: September 2019

Background
Antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) gonorrhoea is a global public health threat. Discriminatory point-of-care tests (POCT) to detect drug sensitivity are under development, enabling individualised resistance-guided therapy. Methods: An individual-based dynamic transmission model of gonorrhoea infection in MSM living in London has been developed, incorporating ciprofloxacin-sensitive and resistant strains. The time-dependent sexual contact network is captured by periodically restructuring active connections to reflect the transience of contacts. Different strategies to improve treatment selection were explored, including discriminatory POCT and selecting partner treatment based on either the index case or partner susceptibility. Outcomes included population prevalence of gonorrhoea and drug dose counts. Results: It is shown that using POCT to detect ciprofloxacin-sensitive infections could result in a large decrease in ceftriaxone doses (by 70% compared with the reference case in the simulations of this study). It also suggests that ceftriaxone use can be reduced with existing technologies, albeit to a lesser degree; either using index case sensitivity profiles to direct treatment of partners, or testing notified partners with strain discriminatory laboratory tests before treatment, reduced ceftriaxone use in our model (by 27% and 47% respectively). Conclusions: POCT to detect ciprofloxacin-sensitive gonorrhoea are likely to dramatically reduce reliance on ceftriaxone, but requires the implementation of new technology. In the meantime, the proportion of unnecessary ceftriaxone treatment by testing partners before treatment could be reduced significantly. Alternatively, index case sensitivity profiles could be used to select effective treatments for partners.
Policy barriers and opportunities for prescribed fire application in the western United States
Authors: Schultz Courtney A. , McCaffrey Sarah M. , Huber-Stearns Heidi R.
Published: September 2019

Prescribed fire is an important management tool on US federal lands that is not being applied at the necessary or desired levels. We investigated the role of policy barriers and opportunities for prescribed fire application on US Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management lands in the western United States. We conducted 54 semi-structured interviews with federal and state land managers and air quality regulators, and with several non-federal partners. We found that lack of adequate capacity and funding were the most commonly cited barriers to increasing application of prescribed fire. Interviewees also emphasised that owing to a lack of incentives and the prevalence of risk aversion at multiple agency levels, active prescribed fire programs depend on the leadership and commitment of individual decision-makers and fire managers. Successful approaches also rely on collaborative forums and positions that allow communication, problem-solving and resource sharing among federal and state partners, and that facilitate dialogue between air-quality and land managers. We did not find that air quality regulation was consistently cited as a major barrier, except in specific locations. Our findings highlight the importance of contextualised investigation into policy barriers and the role of collaborative and multilevel governance approaches for addressing complex land management challenges.
On the rapid expansion of optimality theory at the end of the twentieth century
Authors: Griffiths Joshua M.
Published: September 2019

Despite being a recent development in generative linguistics, Optimality Theory (OT, Prince & Smolensky 1993) has had a profound impact on linguistics, particularly on phonology in North America. OT posits that observed forms of language arise due to conflicting linguistic constraints. When proposed in 1993, OT saw virtually overnight success in American phonology despite not having been the first theory of grammar to focus solely on the constraint. I argue, that the reasons for which OT saw such immediate success due in large part to the efforts of Prince and Smolensky to work at getting the word out, the state of American phonology at the time which felt stagnant to some, and the coincidence of OT’s birth with the Internet Boom which Prince and Smolensky used to their advantage
Dietary α-Lactalbumin protects against thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis by maintaining gut-liver axis function in rats
Authors: Fukawa Akika , Baba Shunsuke , Iwasawa Kaori , Yamaguchi Makoto , Hosono Akira
Published: September 2019

We tested the hypothesis that α-lactalbumin inhibits the disruption of intestinal barrier function and liver cirrhosis by restoring gut-liver axis function in thioacetamide (TAA) -treated rats. Rat diets were supplemented with α-lactalbumin replacing 50% of dietary protein. After consuming α-lactalbumin for one week, rats were intraperitoneally injected with TAA twice a week for 14 weeks. The α-lactalbumin-enriched diet significantly inhibited the elevation of plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and hyaluronic acids. The supplement significantly reduced plasma lipopolysaccharide levels and increased occludin mRNA level. Hepatic fibrosis and regenerative nodules was developed and intestinal villi were shortened by TAA; α-Lactalbumin attenuated these histopathological changes. These results indicated that α-lactalbumin improved intestinal barrier function, suppressing endotoxin levels. These data also suggested that α-lactalbumin ameliorated the impairment of the gut-liver axis by TAA, inhibiting the development of liver cirrhosis.