bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oceny w opisie znaczenia jednostek leksykalnych – wybrane problemy
Authors: DANIELEWICZOWA MAGDALENA
Published: January 2022

Autorka artykułu stawia tezę, że po pierwsze, czynności związane z oceną kogoś lub czegoś są prymarnie
lingwistyczne. Po drugie, ocena w ściśle aksjologicznym sensie tego słowa powinna być odróżniona od
wartościowań i innych oszacowań. Po trzecie, oceny zawartej w znaczeniu jednostki leksykalnej nie należy
zrównywać z rozmaitymi cechami, które ta jednostka konotuje pragmatycznie. Po czwarte, błędem
jest identyfikowanie komponentów oceniających z efektami emotywnymi lub ekspresywnymi. Cechy
semantyczne związane z ocenami mogą być zlokalizowane w różnych miejscach struktury semantycznej:
zarówno w jej tematycznej, jak i rematycznej części. W słownikach wygodnie jest opisywać oceny dane
rematycznie przy użyciu stosownych kwalifikatorów, np. pejor ‘pejoratywne’ i amelior ‘amelioratywne’.
Evaluations in the semantic description of lexical units: selected problems
Summary: The present author puts forward the thesis that (1) activities related to the evaluation of someone or
something are primarily linguistic, (2) an evaluation in the strictly axiological sense of the word should
be distinguished from other estimates, (3) an evaluation embedded in the meaning of a lexical unit should
not be equated with the various features that this unit connotes pragmatically and (4) it is wrong to identify
evaluation components with emotive or expressive effects. The semantic features related to evaluations
can be located in various places within the semantic structure of an expression, i.e. in both its thematic
and rhematic parts. In dictionaries, it is convenient to employ rhematic evaluations which make use of
appropriate qualifiers, e.g. pejor ‘pejorative’ and amelior ‘ameliorative’.
Мультимодальность – мультимедийность – мультиканальность и др. Альтернативные формы передачи информации как проблема лингвистической теории и терминологии
Authors: Kiklewicz Aleksander , SŁADKIEWICZ ŻANNA
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена популярной в современной лингвистике проблеме мультимодальности, т.е.
взаимодействию в рамках одного и того же дискурса разных способов кодирования информации
– с использованием разных семиотических кодов. Авторы исходят из предпосылки, что суще-
ствование альтернативных планов выражения сообщений обусловлено разнородностью их со-
держания, а также имеющейся предрасположенностью типов содержания (семантического или
прагматического) к определенному способу оформления. Мультимодальный подход рассматрива-
ется в контексте медиатизации и технологизации социальной коммуникации. Авторы показывают
значительную вариативность существующей в данной области терминологии, объясняют трудно-
сти, связанные с употреблением некоторых терминов. Отдельный раздел статьи посвящен общей
типологии модульной архитектоники сообщения, учитывающей (в качестве форм репрезентации
смысла) разные уровни языковой организации сообщения, разные каналы, разные коды, разные
медиаустройства, разные языки и разные (параллельные) сообщения.
Multimodality – multimediality – multicanality etc. Alternative forms of the transmission of information
as a problem of linguistic theory and terminology
Summary: The article is devoted to the problem of multimodality, popular in modern linguistics and seen as an interaction within the same discourse of different methods of encoding and decoding information. The authors proceed from the premise that the existence of alternative plans of the expression of messages is due to the heterogeneity of their content, as well as the existing predisposition of the types of content (semantic or pragmatic) to a certain way of explication. The multimodal approach is considered in the context of the mediatization and technologization of social communication. The authors show a significant variability of the terminology in this area and explain the difficulties associated with the use of some terms. A separate section of the article is devoted to the general typology of modular message architectonics, which takes into account (as forms of meaning representation) different levels of the linguistic organization of a message, different channels, different codes, different media devices, different languages and different (parallel) messages.
Dynamics of COVID-19 Epidemic Model with Asymptomatic Infection, Quarantine, Protection and Vaccination
Authors: Musafir Raqqasyi Rahmatullah , Suryanto Agus , Darti Isnani
Published: January 2022

We discuss the dynamics of new COVID-19 epidemic model by considering asymptomatic infections and the policies such as quarantine, protection (adherence to health protocols), and vaccination. The proposed model contains nine subpopulations: susceptible (S), exposed (E), symptomatic infected (I), asymptomatic infected (A), recovered (R), death (D), protected (P), quarantined (Q), and vaccinated (V ). We first show the non-negativity and boundedness of solutions. The equilibrium points, basic reproduction number, and stability of equilibrium points, both locally and globally, are also investigated analytically. The proposed model has disease-free equilibrium point and endemic equilibrium point. The disease-free equilibrium point always exists and is globally asymptotically stable if basic reproduction number is less than one. The endemic equilibrium point exists uniquely and is globally asymptotically stable if the basic reproduction number is greater than one. These properties have been confirmed by numerical simulations using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Numerical simulations show that the disease transmission rate of asymptomatic infection, quarantine rates, protection rate, and vaccination rates affect the basic reproduction number and hence also influence the stability of equilibrium points.
Model Pengukuran Faktor Iklim Keselamatan (Safety Climate) Konstruksi: Studi Kasus Proyek Jalan di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Sikumbang Nasril , Utama Wahyudi P. , Sesmiwati Sesmiwati , Jumas Dwifitra Y.
Published: January 2022

Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mempresentasikan pengembangan model penilaian iklim keselamatan (PIK) untuk proyek jalan melalui studi kasus pada proyek konstruksi dan pemeliharaan jalan di Sumatera Barat (SB), Indonesia. Data diperoleh dari survei kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada para pemangku kepentingan di 11 lokasi proyek jalan yang tersebar di lima wilayah di provinsi SB. Empat puluh lima (45) aspek iklim keselamatan dinilai oleh 209 responden yang terdiri dari administrator proyek (perwakilan pemerintah), pihak manajemen kontraktor dan konsultan serta pekerja terdepan proyek. Hasil analisis faktor menunjukkan bahwa 12 variabel yang diamati meliputi tiga konstruk faktor: komitmen dan sumber daya manajemen, prosedur dan kesadaran serta persepsi tentang kemalangan. Faktor-faktor tersebut kemudian divalidasi melalui Analisis Faktor Konfirmatori menggunakan aplikasi Onyx. Hasil PIK menunjukkan bahwa nilai reliabilitas konstruk dan goodness of fit sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Dengan memahami dan mengetahui variabel yang diamati dari IK yang membentuk faktor IK membantu tim manajemen proyek untuk merancang strategi yang tepat untuk menciptakan lingkungan proyek yang selamat.
Struktur Berpori Sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Erosi di Pantai Utara Jawa: Studi Kasus Pantai Demak, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Widyaningtias Widyaningtias , Bumi Ingerawi Sekaring , Nugroho Joko , Adityawan M. Bagus , Kuntoro Arno Adi
Published: January 2022

Perubahan garis pantai merupakan salah satu masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat di kawasan pesisir utara Jawa, Indonesia. Hilangnya sabuk mangrove di kawasan pantai secara bertahap menyebabkan terjadinya erosi pantai. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, konsep adaptif menggunakan Building with Nature (BwN) mulai dikembangkan di beberapa lokasi di pantai utara Jawa. Konsep ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi permasalahan erosi dengan memanfaatkan proses alam dan tetap memperhatikan kelangsungan ekosistem setempat, yaitu dengan pembangunan struktur berpori (permeable structure). Di kawasan pesisir Demak, pembangunan struktur berpori dimulai sejak 2013 di Desa Bogorame dan mampu menahan sedimen setinggi 45 cm dalam 1.5 tahun. Pemodelan akan menggunakan perangkat lunak Delft3D dengan meggabungkan antara model Delft3D-Flow dan Delft3D-Wave. Pemodelan dilakukan dengan menempatkan thin dam sebagai struktur berpori sesuai kondisi eksisting di lapangan. Simulasi akan dilakukan pada musim hujan dan kemarau, dengan memasukkan input gelombang signifikan pada kedua musim tersebut. Berdasarkan simulasi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada musim penghujan, struktur berpori menangkap lebih banyak sedimen dibandingkan pada musim kemarau. Pada beberapa lokasi, erosi terjadi saat musim penghujan, namun akan terisi kembali pada saat musim kemarau. Lebih lanjut lagi, konsep adaptif dari struktur berpori ini diharapkan dapat mempercepat restorasi pantai di kawasan pesisir Demak.
Mitochondrial sequence based characterization and morphometric assessment of Diara buffalo population
Authors: Singh Karan Veer , Purohit Hitesh , Singh Ramesh Kumar
Published: January 2022

Objective: The present study is aimed at phenotypic characterization and mitochondrial d-loop analysis of indigenous “Diara” buffalo population, which are mostly confined to the villages on the South and North Gangetic marshy plains in the Bihar state of India. These buffaloes are well adapted and are best suited for ploughing and puddling the wet fields meant for paddy cultivation.Methods: Biometric data on 172 buffaloes were collected using a standard flexible tape measure. Animals are medium in size; the typical morphometric features are long head with a broad forehead and moderately long and erect ears. Genomic DNA was isolated from unrelated animals. The mtDNA d‐loop 358‐bp sequence data was generated and compared with 338 sequences belonging to riverine and swamp buffaloes.Results: Based on the mitochondrial d-loop analysis the Diara buffaloes were grouped along with the haplotypes reported for riverine buffalo. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of 7 mitochondrial D loop haplotypes with haplotype diversity of 0.9643. Five of the haplotypes were shared with established swamp breeds and with Buffalo population of Orissa in India.Conclusion: Morphometric analyses clearly shows distinguishing features like long and broad forehead which may be useful in identification. The germplasm of Diara buffalo is much adapted to the marshy banks of river Ganga and its tributaries. It constitutes a valuable genetic resource which needs to be conserved on priority basis.
An investigation on fermentative profile, microbial numbers, bacterial community diversity and their predicted metabolic characteristics of Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense Stapf.) silages
Authors: Wang Siran , Li Junfeng , Zhao Jie , Dong Zhihao , Shao Tao
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the fermentation profiles, bacterial community and predicted metabolic characteristics of Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense Stapf.) during ensiling.Methods: First-cutting Sudangrass was harvested at the vegetative stage and ensiled in laboratory-scale silos (1 L capacity). Triplicate silos were sampled after 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days of ensiling, respectively. The bacterial communities on day 3 and 60 were assessed through high-throughput sequencing technology, and 16S rRNA-gene predicted functional profiles were analyzed according to the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes using Tax4Fun.Results: The Sudangrass silages showed good fermentation quality, indicated by higher lactic acid contents, and lower pH, butyric acid and ammonia nitrogen contents. The dominant genus Lactococcus on day 3 was replaced by Lactobacillus on day 60. The metabolism of amino acid, energy, cofactors and vitamins was restricted, and metabolism of nucleotide and carbohydrate was promoted after ensiling. The 1-phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase of bacterial community seemed to play important roles in stimulating the lactic acid fermentation, and the promotion of arginine deiminase could help lactic acid bacteria to tolerate the acidic environment. Conclusion: High-throughput sequencing technology combined with 16S rRNA genepredicted functional analyses revealed the differences during the early and late stages ofSudangrass ensiling not only for distinct bacterial community but also for specific functional metabolites. The results could provide a comprehensive insight into bacterial community and metabolic characteristics to further improve the silage quality.
The application of new breeding technology based on gene editing in pig industry — A review
Authors: Tu Ching-Fu , Chuang Chin-kai , Yang Tien-Shuh
Published: January 2022

Genome/gene-editing (GE) techniques, characterized by a low technological barrier, high efficiency, and broad application among organisms, are now being employed not only in medical science but also in agriculture/veterinary science. Different engineered CRISPR/Cas9s have been identified to expand the application of this technology. In pig production, GE is a precise new breeding technology (NBT), and promising outcomes in improving economic traits, such as growth, lean or healthy meat production, animal welfare, and disease resistance, have already been documented and reviewed. These promising achievements in porcine gene editing, including the Myostatin gene knockout (KO) in indigenous breeds to improve lean meat production, the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gene knock-in to enhance piglet thermogenesis and survival under cold stress, the generation of GGTA1 and CMP-N-glycolylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene double KO (dKO) pigs to produce healthy red meat, and the KO or deletion of exon 7 of the CD163 gene to confer resistance to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection, are described in the present article. Other related approaches for such purposes are also discussed. The current trend of global regulations or legislation for GE organisms is that they are exempted from classification as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) if no exogenes are integrated into the genome, according to product-based and not process-based methods. Moreover, an updated case study in the EU showed that current GMO legislation is not fit for purpose in term of NBTs, which contribute to the objectives of the EU’s Green Deal and biodiversity strategies and even meet the United Nations’ sustainable development goals for a more resilient and sustainable agri-food system. The GE pigs generated via NBT will be exempted from classification as GMOs, and their global valorization and commercialization can be foreseen.
From Recurring Reference to Identity Trait: the Emergence of Social Justice in the Political Discourse of the European Communities (1950-1986)
Authors: MECHI Lorenzo
Published: January 2022

Although the ECSC and the EEC were originally endowed with a narrow social di­mension, in the 1950s references to both Communities as promoters of social jus­tice were rather common in the European Parliament, especially in the speeches of Christian Democratic and Socialist members. In the following years, the progres­sive implementation of the social legislation of the two treaties, the first discus­sions on the launch of a regional policy, and the signing of the first association agreements with third countries, contributed to further spreading the idea of a pecu­liar European sensitivity to solidarity, fairness and inclusion. Widely shared in the European Parliament from the late 1960s, the perception of the Community as a natural bearer of social justice soon began to also permeate the statements of the other institutions, and was then formalized by the Declaration on European Identity approved by the Copenhagen summit of December 1973. From that moment on, the idea of social justice as a guiding principle of the entire European project was echoed in all solemn occasions, to be finally inserted in the founding treaties in 1986 by the Single European Act.
Between Brussels, Strasbourg, and London: The European Strategy of Amnesty International’s Dutch Section, 1976-1983
Authors: GEURTS Emiel
Published: January 2022

This article examines the ties between Amnesty International’s Dutch section, the European Parliament, and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe between 1976 and 1983. It elaborates on the threefold manner in which analysing the Dutch section’s European strategy adds to the existing historiography on Euro­pean integration. First, this article illustrates that the European strategy of Amnesty was diffuse among its national and international sections, therefore problematising the approach to such transnational actors as monolithic organisations. Instead, sec­ondly, this article demonstrates that it was the Dutch section specifically that func­tioned as interlocutor between the European organisations through its attempt to closely intertwine the two on the field of human rights. Finally, this deepens our understanding of how the European organisations operated in the “human rights revolution” that took place in the 1970s and 1980s.
Assisted Reproductive Technologies as Veritable Tools for Improving Production Efficiencies of N’dama and Muturu Cattle Breeds in Nigeria-A Review
Authors: Nwoga Cornelius , Ikeh Nnanna , Onodugo Matthew , Baiyeri Paul , Machebe Ndubuisi
Published: January 2022

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) that have come to stay and are still being improved upon in developed countries are still in their infancy stage in developing countries like Nigeria. Nigeria’s cattle population is estimated to be around 18.4 million. The number is far insufficient to meet the country’s demand for meat, milk, and other cow products, let alone contribute to GDP. N’dama and Muturu are both Nigerian breeds that are resistant to trypanosomosis. They are humpless longhorn and humpless shorthorn types of beef cattle. The dairy and beef cow industries’ inadequate adoption of ART is partly to blame for Nigeria’s low cattle output. Sex determination, multiple-ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET), oestrus synchronization, artificial insemination (AI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), cloning, and genetic engineering are all examples of assisted reproductive technologies. It has been reported in humans, rodents and domestic animals, abnormal fetuses, newborns and adult offspring arise from ART. Improper matching of breeding animals mostly leads to overfat calves. This review centers on the applications and potentials of ART in the production of trypanotolerant N’dama and Muturu cattle breeds. Some unorthodox medicines which have proven effective in human reproduction can circumvent the shortfalls in the adoption of ART.
Characterization ofRhizobiumand Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from French Bean Rhizosphere and Their Effect on French Bean Productivity
Authors: Kumar Yadav Saroj , P. Raverkar Kiran
Published: January 2022

French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is used profusely by the common people as an alternative diet of protein. The sparse nodulation in French bean mainly may be due to lack of threshold level of specific rhizobial cells in soil at the time of sowing. The isolates streaked on YEMA with BTB changed to yellow color showing the production of acid which is the characteristic of Rhizobium. Utilization of different carbon sources is an efficient tool to characterize the isolates. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria is the beneficial rhizobacteria inoculation of which increases growth and yield of French bean through different direct and indirect mechanisms. Inoculation of French beans with rhizobial and rhizobacterial isolates found to be improved growth, physiological, quality parameters and grain yield through symbiotic N2-fixation capacity and plant growth promoting abilities. Co-inoculation of rhizobial and rhizobacterial isolates enhanced the growth and grain yield of French bean. These isolates may be used as consortium to improve the growth of French bean, which may reduce the dependency of farmer on chemical fertilizer as well as risk of pollution. In this chapter characterization of Rhizobium and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and their effect on plant growth has been reviewed.
Effect of Insecticides on Natural-Enemies
Authors: Abdel-Raheem Mohamed
Published: January 2022

Pesticides management options for control of invertebrate pests in many parts of the world. Despite an increase in the use of pesticides, crop losses due to pests have remained largely unchanged for 30–40 years. Beyond the target pests, broad-spectrum pesticides may affect non-target invertebrate species, including causing reductions in natural enemy population abundance and activity, and competition between pest species. Assays of invertebrates against weathered residues have shown the persistence of pesticides might play an important part in their negative impacts on natural enemies in the field. A potential outcome of frequent broad-spectrum pesticide use is the emergence of pests not controlled by the pesticides but benefiting from reduced mortality from natural enemies and competitive release, commonly known as secondary pests.
Dosimetry Audit in Modern Radiotherapy
Authors: Manolova Sergieva Katia
Published: January 2022

The clinical specialty of radiotherapy is an essential part of the multidisciplinary process of treatment of malignant neoplasms. Modern radiotherapy is a very complex process of treatment planning and delivery of radiation dose. Radiotherapy reached a very high degree of complexity and sophistication and expected to represent an added value for the cancer patients in terms of clinical outcomes and improved radiation protection. The concept of verifying the realized dose in the medical applications of ionizing radiation was introduced in the early 20th century shortly after the first application of X-rays for the treatment of cancer. Dosimetry audit identify areas for improvement and provide confidence in safety and efficacy, which are essential to creating a clinical environment of continuous development and improvement. Over the years, the audits have contributed to good dosimetry practice and accuracy of dose measurements in modern radiotherapy. Dosimetry audit ensures, that the correct therapeutic dose is delivered to the patients undergoing radiotherapy and play a key role in activities to create a good radiation protection and safety culture. Patient safety is of paramount importance to medical staff in radiotherapy centers and safety considerations are an element in all aspects of the day-to-day clinical activities.
Avian Reproduction
Authors: Omogiade Idahor Kingsley
Published: January 2022

There are about 10,400 living avian species belonging to the class Aves, characterized by feathers which no other animal classes possess and are warm-blooded vertebrates with four-chamber heart. They have excellent vision, and their forelimbs are modified into wings for flight or swimming, though not all can fly or swim. They lay hard-shelled eggs which are a secretory product of the reproductive system that vary greatly in colour, shape and size, and the bigger the bird, the bigger the egg. Since domestication, avian species have been basically reared for eggs, meat, pleasure and research. They reproduce sexually with the spermatozoa being homogametic and carry Z-bearing chromosomes, and the blastodisk carries either Z-bearing or W-bearing chromosomes, hence, the female is heterogametic, and thus, determines the sex of the offspring. The paired testes produce spermatozoa, sex hormones and the single ovary (with a few exceptions) produces yolk bearing the blastodisk and sex hormones. Both testis and ovary are the primary sex organs involved in sexual characteristics development in avian. In avian reproduction, there must be mating for fertile egg that must be incubated to produce the young ones. At hatch, hatchling sex is identified and reared to meet the aim of the farmer.
Nano-Biopesticides as an Emerging Technology for Pest Management
Authors: Hazafa Abu , Murad Muhammad , Umer Masood Muhammad , Bilal Shahid , Nasir Khan Muhammad , Farooq Qasim , Omer Iqbal Muhammad , Shakir Muhammad , Naeem Muhammad
Published: January 2022

With an increasing world population, the demand for quality food is rising. To meet safe food demand, it is necessary to double or maybe triple agriculture production. Annually, almost 25% of the world crop is destroyed due to pests. During the past few decades, different pesticides, including chemical, synthetic, biological, and botanical have been adopted to achieve adequate results against pests for agriculture interests and plant safety. Globally, more than 200,000 people died every year due to direct chemical and synthetic pesticides poisoning. But these pesticides did not achieve the desired results due to delivery problems, less stability, low biodegradability, less specificity, and high cost. To overcome these problems, the rapidly emerging field of nanotechnology is considered an important achievement in the agriculture sectors in order to improve pest mortality rates and crop production. The nano-biopesticides attained special attention against the insect pests due to their small size (1-100 nm), large surface area, high stability, cost-effectiveness, fever toxicity, and easy field application. The current chapter highlights the relevance of nano-biopesticides for pest insect management on several crops of agricultural concern. The mechanisms of action, delivery, and environmental sustainability of nano-biopesticides are also discussed in the present chapter.
FRP for Marine Application
Authors: Chandra Chakraborty Bikash
Published: January 2022

Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRPs) are widely used in marine sector owing to their high specific strength and resistance to marine corrosion. For naval application, additional advantages are transparency to radar wave and better vibration damping than metals. The use of various FRPs in off-shore structures and marine vessels needs analysis of desired properties considering the types of matrices and fiber. The common consideration is effect of sea water on the properties of the FRP. This chapter gives a brief on use of different FRPs in various areas such as off-shore pillars, Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) enclosers, primary and secondary marine components. A brief discussion is included here on diffusion models and estimation of durability by a time-temperature superposition principle applied to water ingress and corresponding change in mechanical strength of FRPs with examples. The effect of microbial activity on the damage of FRP is not very much reported in literature. It is known that sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are the most damaging microbes for FRP. In conclusion, it is highlighted that vinyl-ester-based FRPs using glass and carbon fibers are best for marine application. To determine the realistic service life in marine environment, Vinyl Ester- FRP (VE-FRP) are to be simultaneously studied for damage due to sea water and the microbes such SRB.
Stored Grain Pests and Current Advances for Their Management
Authors: Ahmad Rayees , Hassan Shafiya , Ahmad Showkat , Nighat Syed , K. Devi Yendrambamb , Javeed Kounser , Usmani Salma , Javed Ansari Mohammad , Erturk Sait , Alkan Mustafa , Hussain Barkat
Published: January 2022

During the offseason, when fresh food is not available, humans have to consume stored grain food. Unfortunately, these stored grains are later infested with many pests. Foods stored in bags and bins are very much susceptible to infestation with several pests which can cause extensive post-harvest losses, spoilage, and less demand in markets, causing a huge economic crisis. Hence, successful management of stored grain pests becomes necessary to prevent these from insect pests. Current approaches for their management are one of the promising goals, as it includes preventive practices, monitoring, sanitation, and identification of main pathogens. Different management strategies of all the common stored grain pests viz. grain weevils, grain borers, grain moths, flour moths, mealworms, grain and flour beetles, booklice, mites, and parasites are enlisted here.
Electromagnetic Spectrum of the Corona Discharge and Their Fundamental Frequency
Authors: E. Martínez Santos Luis , Linares y Miranda Roberto , P. Espino-Cortés Fermín
Published: January 2022

Historically, the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) began with the disturbances at the radio navigation systems generated by the electrical power distribution lines; hence it was referred to as Radio Interference (RI). This disturbance is an Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Although this type of EMI has been studied since the first decades of the past century, it still maintains a continued interest of the researchers, especially with the Corona Discharge (CD), generated by High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems. Because of its design criterion and the concern that this phenomenon may affect the new radio communication systems in the very high frequency (VHF), ultra high frequency (UHF), and microwave bands, interest in their studies continues. In this chapter, an analysis of the electromagnetic spectrum of the CD is presented. The CD is generated at a short transmission line located within a semi-anechoic chamber. To be sure of the phenomenon, the CD is identified by its current pulse, which is well studied. The instruments used are an oscilloscope of 2 GHz and 2 GS/s, a spectrum analyzer, and an EMI test receiver. The results show that the CD concentrates its energy at frequencies below 70 MHz. In the UHF band, only narrowband signals very separated were found, with levels that cannot affect radio communication systems.
Stochastic versus Ray Tracing Wireless Channel Modeling for 5G and V2X Applications: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Tariq Sulaiman , Al-Rizzo Hussain , Nazmul Hasan Md , Kunju Nijas , Abushamleh Said
Published: January 2022

Due to the rapid development of wireless communication applications, the study of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) communication systems has gained comprehensive research activities since it can significantly increase the channel capacity and link reliability without sacrificing bandwidth and/or transmitted power levels. Researchers tend to evaluate the performance of their MIMO antenna arrays using various channel modeling tools. These channel models are mainly categorized into either deterministic channels based on Ray Tracing (RT) tools or Stochastic Channel Models (SCM). In this chapter, we compare these two categories in terms of the MIMO channel capacity using a complete description of the antennas at the transmitting and receiving ends in terms of 3D polarimetric radiation patterns and scattering parameters. The performance is evaluated for 5G New Radio (NR) Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) services and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems using state-of-the-art commercial SCM and RT tools to provide information regarding the capabilities and limitations of each approach under different channel environments and the Quality of Experience (QoE) for high data rate and low latency content delivery in the 5G NR sub-6GHz mid-band Frequency Range-1 (FR1) N77/N78 bands.
Approximation Algorithm for Scheduling a Chain of Tasks for Motion Estimation on Heterogeneous Systems MPSoC
Authors: Salhi Afef , Ghozzi Fahmi , Fakhfakh Ahmed
Published: January 2022

Co-design embedded system are very important step in digital vehicle and airplane. The multicore and multiprocessor SoC (MPSoC) started a new computing era. It is becoming increasingly used because it can provide designers much more opportunities to meet specific performances. Designing embedded systems includes two main phases: (i) HW/SW Partitioning performed from high-level (eclipse C/C++ or python (machine learning and deep learning)) functional and architecture models (with virtual prototype and real prototype). And (ii) Software Design performed with significantly more detailed models with scheduling and partitioning tasks algorithm DAG Directed Acyclic Graph and GGEN Generation Graph Estimation Nodes (there are automatic DAG algorithm). Partitioning decisions are made according to performance assumptions that should be validated on the more refined software models for ME block and GGEN algorithm. In this paper, we focus to optimize a execution time and amelioration for quality of video with a scheduling and partitioning tasks in video codec. We show how they can be modeled the video sequence test with the size of video in height and width (three models of scheduling tasks in four processor). This modeling with DAG and GGEN are partitioning at different platform in OVP (partitioning, SW design). We can know the optimization of consumption energy and execution time in SoC and MPSoC platform.
Individual Factors Underlying Suicidal Behaviors in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hajfiroozabadi Marjan , Mohtashami Jamileh , Atashzadeh-Shoorideh Foroozan
Published: January 2022

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with a high risk of suicide. Limited information is available on the individual factors underlying suicidal behaviors, especially suicide attempts (SAs), in Iranian patients with BPD. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the individual factors underlying suicidal behaviors in patients with BPD. Methods: This was a qualitative descriptive study that was conducted from May 2020 to February 2021 in Tehran and Karaj, Iran, on 23 participants, including 14 patients with BPD and seven mental health professionals, as well as two members of their families. The research environment included psychiatric inpatient wards, psychiatric emergencies, and psychiatric clinics. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: Data analysis revealed five main themes and 15 sub-themes related to the individual factors underlying the identification and prediction of the risk for suicidal behaviors and SAs. The extracted themes included “psychological pain and loneliness”, “defects in the distinction and integration of emotions”, “unconventional behavior and emotion”, “pervasive incompatibility”, and “breakdown of the self-integrity”. Conclusions: The BPD is a complex and challenging disorder in which patients with BPD usually tend to engage in suicidal behaviors, and with the emergence of individual factors underlying the occurrence of such behaviors, appropriate preventive measures and interventions can be taken to reduce suicide-related behaviors such as suicidal thoughts and planning, as well as SAs.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Health Behaviors Regarding Air Pollution from Burning Waste: A Cross-sectional Study Among Villagers in the North of Iran in 2020
Authors: Shams Lida , Abtahi Mehrnoosh , Khakzad Saeed
Published: January 2022

Background: Incineration is a waste disposal technique employed to reduce the volume of waste, resulting in air pollution. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice on health behaviors among Rasht villagers regarding air pollution from burning waste. Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 rural households in Rasht. Data were collected using a questionnaire by interviewing participants. The participants were randomly selected and entered the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using the t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation at a 95% confidence interval. the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were used to assess the instrument's validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to evaluate the questionnaire reliability. Results: The findings confirmed the optimal validity and reliability of the instrument used in the study. The participants' age range was 19 to 78, with a mean age of 43.87 ± 12.66 years. The practice had a significant positive correlation with knowledge (r = 0.216). The correlation between practice and attitude was positive but not statistically significant. Education and information on burning wastes had a substantial relationship with knowledge. Participants received 80%, 29.3%, and 66.7% of the maximum achievable scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice components in the questionnaire, respectively. Conclusions: The villagers' attitude in performing health behaviors regarding air pollution was not favorable, and there is a need to provide educational and behavioral interventions in this regard.
A New Colorimetric Method for Rapid Detection of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates
Authors: Gun Mehmet Akif , Tanriverdi Cayci Yeliz , Durupinar Belma , Coban Ahmet Yilmaz
Published: January 2022

Background: The quick diagnosis and early initiation of antibiotic therapy in bacteria-induced infections is of paramount importance. Accordingly, the rapid identification of the causative agent, the short-term results of antibiotic sensitivity, the selection and use of right antibiotics for treatment further highlights the significance of this issue. Objectives: This study aimed to develop a new susceptibility testing method to provide rapid results in Escherichia coli clinical isolates and report the antibiotic susceptibility test results to clinicians in a short period. Methods: In the study, one hundred and ten E. coli clinical isolates were tested. In this regard, antibiotics recommended by the "Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)" for testing the sensitivity of E. coli isolates, including amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefixime, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and nitrofurantoin were tested. For quality control, E. coli ATCC25922, E. coli ATCC35218, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, and E. coli 13846NTCC strains were used. The broth microdilution method recommended by CLSI was used as the reference method. Minimum inhibitory concentration values were determined, and antimicrobial susceptibilities were then determined according to the “European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST)” criteria. In the next phase, the results of the resazurin microplate method (RMM) were compared. Results: The comparison of the RMM developed in the present study with the reference method revealed that the calculated essential agreement ratios for eight antibiotics varied from 82.72 to 100%, and the categorical agreement values ranged from 95.45 to 100%. Conclusions: According to the findings, the RMM results were highly in agreement with the results of the reference method. RMM allows the detection of antibiotic susceptibility quickly (e.g., within 5 hours) as such it is preferred, especially for laboratories with limited facilities. However, further multi-center studies are recommended to use this method in routine laboratories.
The role of education in cognitive functions among middle-age and older patients with untreated obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Hlaing Ei E , Dollinger Stephanie M Clancy , Brown Terry M
Published: January 2022

Objective The goal of the current study was to examine the interaction between educational level and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), one of the most under diagnosed sleep disorders, on cognitive functions such as verbal fluency, psychomotor vigilance, executive functions, visuospatial ability, and attention span.

Material and Methods One hundred and nine participants (47 controls and 62 untreated OSA patients) participated in the study and completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, WAIS-III digit span and block design, semantic and phonemic fluency tests, and a psychomotor vigilance task. Subjective sleep and health measures were assessed.

Results In semantic fluency and visuospatial ability tasks, patients with higher education performed better than patients with lower education and controls with lower education. This difference in moderation effects was not observed for vigilance, phonemic fluency, attention span, or executive functions although education was a significant predictor for all cognitive tasks.

Conclusion Higher education may have contributed to cognitive reserve in OSA patients (but not for controls) as reflected in better semantic fluency and visuospatial ability. This benefit of higher education contributing to larger cognitive reserve in patients with OSA helped buffer the deficits for some cognitive functions but not for others. This may indicate that this buffer is not limitless because when the cognitive demand gets higher the educational buffer no longer works.
Sensitivity and specificity of four screening sleep-disordered breathing tests in patients with and without cardiovascular disease
Authors: Amado-Garzón Sandra Brigitte , Ruiz Alvaro J , Rondón-Sepúlveda Martín Alonso , Hidalgo-Martínez Patricia
Published: January 2022

Objectives Polysomnogram is the gold standard for the diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB); a sensitive and specific alternative strategy would be ideal, due to its low availability, and screening patients at high risk of OSA is very important. This study aimed to determine the operating characteristics of screening tests in patients with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Material and Methods Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Berlin, STOP-bang and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were applied in adults with and without cardiovascular disease in three Colombian cities, as well as anthropometric measurements and a polysomnogram. Operating characteristics were calculated for each test and the best cut-off values in patients with and without CVD were obtained.

Results 964 patients (median age: 58), 662 with and 302 without CVD were included. The prevalence for SDB (AHI =5) were 43.4 % (OSA), 16.2% (central apnea), and 12.4 % (other). In patients without CVD, the highest sensitivity for OSA and central apnea was for PSQI (80-85%). The highest specificity was for STOP-bang (68%) and Berlin (78.6%). In CVD the best sensitivity was for PSQI (81.9%) followed by Berlin (71.9%) and the best specificity for STOP-bang (82.1%). No isolated questionnaire showed good diagnostic performance (AUC=0.6) and the cut-off values had no variations except for ESS.

Conclusion Screening tests showed low operating characteristics for the diagnosis to SDB, but better performance in patients with CVD. They are not recommended as the only diagnostic test, but they can be useful to guide the initial diagnostic process.
Participación de enfermería en Políticas Públicas, ¿Por qué es importante?: Revisión integrativa de la literatura
Authors: Saldías Fernández Ma. Angélica , Parra Giordano Denisse , Martí Gutiérrez Trinidad
Published: January 2022

Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence available in the literature regarding the role of the political participation of the nursing profession.Method: Integrative literary review in six stages, in MEDLINE / PUBMED, ISI WEB OF SCIENCE, EBSCOHOST WEB, LILACS, and SCIELO databases 2010 - 2020 in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages, adjusted to PRISMA requirements. The data were summarized by thematic analysis.Results: From 75 texts, 23 were analyzed. 35% of the publications were made between 2010 to 2012, 48% are from the United States, 65% were obtained from PUBMED, and 26% are case studies. Two categories of work are obtained: Political participation of the nursing profession and Virtue and competences; Strategies and challenges to participate in PPs. Similarities are shown between both categories.Conclusion: Nursing has socio-political activism promoted by nurses in different contexts. To the extent that nursing professionals become aware of political involvement as an expression of socio-political knowledge, their participation favors the public policy process. It is an opportunity for change given their strategic position as referents of care of people in health systems.

Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia científica disponible en la literatura en torno al rol de participación política del profesional enfermero.Método: Revisión integrativa literaria en seis etapas, en bases de datos MEDLINE/PUBMED, ISI WEB OF SCIENCE, EBSCOHOST WEB, LILACS y SCIELO publicados entre 2010 - 2020 en idiomas inglés, portugués y español, ajustada a los requerimientos PRISMA. Los datos fueron resumidos mediante análisis temático. Resultados: A partir de 75 textos, 23 fueron analizados. Un 35% de las publicaciones se realizó entre 2010 al 2012, el 48% son de Estados Unidos, un 65% se obtuvieron de PUBMED y el 26% son estudios de caso. Se obtienen dos categorías de trabajo: Participación política del profesional enfermero y Virtudes y competencias. Estrategias y desafíos para participar en PPs. Se muestran similitudes entre ambas categorías.Conclusión: Enfermería posee activismo sociopolítico impulsado por enfermeras en diferentes contextos. En la medida en que los profesionales de enfermería se hacen conscientes del rol de participación política como una expresión del patrón de conocimiento sociopolítico, su participación favorece el proceso de políticas públicas, y es una oportunidad para el cambio dada su posición estratégica como referentes del cuidado de las personas en los sistemas de salud.
Impacto de los juegos reducidos sobre la toma de decisiones y la técnica en jugadores de fútbol sub-12: efecto del espacio cerrado
Authors: Pérez Muñoz Salvador , Recouvreur Encinas David , Sánchez Muñoz Antonio , Rodríguez Cayetano Alberto
Published: January 2022

The aim of the research was to analyze how the practice of small sided games influences technique and decision-making in U-12 football players male, with modification of the space. There were 12 U-12 players participating. They carried out 20 training sessions based on small sided games of football on a playing field that is surrounded by walls generating an enclosed playing space. The sample showed normal values in the Saphiro-Wilk test. The main results show that there are significant differences in the pass and control variables, and there is a significant improvement in the execution and decision-making actions. Decision-making showed significant differences in all the indicators. Therefore, it improves the technique and decisions in specific game situations, through the use of small sided games, in this way it can be considered as a methodological resource to be used in these training phases.

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar cómo influyen la práctica de juegos reducidos sobre la técnica y la toma de decisiones en jugadores sub-12 de fútbol masculino, con modificación del espacio. Participaron 12 jugadores Sub-12. Realizaron 20 sesiones de entrenamiento basado en juegos reducidos de fútbol en un campo de juego que está rodeado con paredes generando un espacio de juego cerrado. La muestra presentó valores normales en la prueba de Saphiro-Wilk. Los principales resultados mostraron que existen diferencias significativas en las variables de pase y control, y se mejoran las acciones técnicas y la toma de decisiones de forma significativa. La toma de decisiones presentó diferencias significativas en todos los índices. Por lo tanto, mejora la técnica y las decisiones en situaciones específicas de juego, mediante el uso de los juegos reducidos, de esta forma se puede considera como un recurso metodológico a utilizar en estas etapas de formación.