bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Формирование Ферми-дуг при T<< T-=SUB=-c-=/SUB=- в окрестности d-волновых узлов структурно неоднородных ВТСП YBa-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Cu-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-6.92-=/SUB=-
Authors: Мамсурова Л.Г. , Трусевич Н.Г. , Трахтенберг Л.И.
Published: May 2021

The effect of structural inhomogeneity on the superconducting gap near d-wave for optimally doped high-Tc superconductors YBa2Cu3O6.92 sites is considered. For this purpose, the heat capacity was investigated in the temperature range T = 2-10 K and in magnetic fields H = 0-9 T for a series of fine-crystalline samples with different degrees of controlled structural disordering.
The information on the features of superconducting gap near d-wave sites in structurally disordered samples is obtained. It is shown that the d-wave sites inherent in an ideal crystal structure under the influence of structural disorder are modified with the formation of small Fermi arcs in the vicinity of nodal points at T << Tc, not covered by a superconducting gap. In this case, the gap itself remains at T ≤ Tc in other directions of the Brillouin zone and coexists with the Fermi arcs. This transformation is accompanied by an increase in the steepness of the nodal slope, a decrease of the Volovik effect, and the generation of a linear term γ (0) T of the metallic type in the temperature dependence of heat capacity, which should not be present in superconductors with an ideal crystal structure and the nature of which has not yet been established.
Характеристика микродеформационных полей в кристаллах разбавленных магнитных полупроводников ZnSe : Co по данным нейтронной дифракции
Authors: Максимов В.И. , Максимова Е.Н. , Суркова Т.П. , Пархоменко В.Д.
Published: May 2021

The real structure of Zn1-хCoхSe (x=0.01; 0.15) volume cubic crystals was characterized by thermal neutrons scattering method. Characteristics of resulting micro strain fields formed by atomic displacements were obtained from analyses of tangential and radial profile scans of the structure peaks measured on investigated crystals. Indications of initial lattice destabilizations revealed in both crystals demonstrate that the character of the structure distortions is quality changed by increasing of Co-impurity content from extreme small amount to close to solubility limit level. In particular, growing probability of substructure crystallites appeared from reaching of high-level doping is accompanied by strain-tensions emerged on the whole volume of crystal.
Приближенный учет спиновых корреляций в модели Изинга
Authors: Сёмкин С.В. , Смагин В.П.
Published: May 2021

Найдены выражения для средних значений произведений трех соседних спинов в модели Изинга на решетках с координационными числами 3 и 4 как функции температуры и спонтанной намагниченности. С помощью этих выражений сопоставляется точное решение для модели Изинга на квадратной решетке и решения, найденные приближенными методами. Предложен способ улучшения приближенных методов, применимый, в частности, к приближению Бете или к приближению среднего поля, и приводящий к более точным значениям критической температуры и к изменению критического показателя температурной зависимости спонтанной намагниченности. Ключевые слова: модель Изинга, спиновые корреляции, критические показатели.
Зависимость характеристик узких линий люминесценции в наноалмазах от параметров возбуждения и температуры
Authors: Грудинкин С.А. , Смирнов А.Н. , Давыдов В.Ю. , Голубев В.Г.
Published: May 2021

The influence of the excitation parameters and temperature on the spectral characteristics of narrow photoluminescence lines in nanodiamonds obtained by chemical vapor deposition is investigated. It is shown that the ratio of the line intensities in the spectrum depends on the wavelength and power of the excitation radiation. For some lines, with increasing power, a shift in the position of their maximum and broadening is also observed. After irradiation of nanodiamonds with a laser beam with a power density of ~1.2·105 W/cm2, the relative line intensities change. With increasing temperature in the range 79 - 300 K, temperature quenching of their intensity is observed.
Дефекты и некоторые физические свойства номинально чистых и легированных цинком кристаллов ниобата лития
Authors: Теплякова Н.А. , Смирнов М.В. , Сидоров Н.В. , Палатников М.Н.
Published: May 2021

The features of defect structure and their influence on the properties of LiNbO3:Zn crystals, doped in a wide concentration range, including two concentration thresholds (at ~ 3.0 and ~ 6.8 mol. % ZnO in the melt), were studied by absorption IR spectroscopy in the region of OH--group valence vibrations, photoluminescence in the visible region of the spectrum, and photoinduced light scattering. In LiNbO3:Zn(0.004-2.01 mol. % ZnO) crystals the increase of zinc concentration led to increasing in the OH--group concentration and decreasing the luminescence intensity of luminescence centers associated with NbLi defects. Apparently, the latter was connected with the formation of small energy levels near the bottom of the conduction band as the zinc atoms displaced niobium atoms from the lithium positions in the ideal structure and the NbLi defect concentration decreased, respectively. In highly doped LiNbO3:Zn crystals (4.46-6.5 mol. % ZnO) and in the LiNbO3stoich(6.0 wt. % K2O) crystal there were lower OH--group concentration, the increase of band gap by 0.3-0.4 eV, and the increase of luminescence intensity in the green region of the spectrum due to the formation of new recombination channels compared to weakly doped crystals. In addition, in such crystals, the increase of proton conductivity was observed due to increasing in the concentration of interstitial hydrogen H+ and, as a result, the formation of many small acceptor levels near the valence band.
Влияние магнитного поля на фазовые переходы в модели Гейзенберга на треугольной решетке
Authors: Муртазаев А.К. , Бадиев М.К. , Рамазанов М.К. , Магомедов М.А.
Published: May 2021

The Monte Carlo method was used to study phase transitions, magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the three-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a layered triangular lattice in a magnetic field. The studies were carried out in the range of variation of the magnetic field value 0≤h≤12. The magnetic structures of the ground state are obtained in a wide range of magnetic field values. The character of phase transitions is determined on the basis of the histogram method of data analysis. It was found that in the range 0≤h≤10, a first-order phase transition is realized. It is shown that a further increase in the magnetic field value removes the degeneracy of the ground state and smears out the phase transition.
Электронная структура термически окисленного вольфрама
Authors: Дементьев П.А. , Дементьева Е.В. , Лапушкин М.Н. , Смирнов Д.А. , Тимошнев С.Н.
Published: May 2021

Using the method of photoelectron spectroscopy, an in situ study in ultrahigh vacuum of the electronic structure of a clean surface of tungsten oxidized at an oxygen pressure of 1 Torr and temperature of 1000 K was carried out. The spectra of photoemission from the valence band and core levels O 1s, O 2s, W 4f under synchrotron excitation in the photon energy range 80  600 eV are studied. It was found that a semiconductor film of tungsten oxide is formed, which contains various tungsten oxides with an oxidation state of 6+ to 4+. On the surface, mainly tungsten oxides with an oxidation state of 6+ are formed, the proportion of which gradually decreases with distance from the surface with an increase in tungsten oxides with an oxidation state of 4+.
Незаполненные электронные состояния ультратонких пленок кватерфенила на поверхностях послойно сформированного CdS и окисленного кремния
Authors: Комолов А.С. , Лазнева Э.Ф. , Герасимова Н.Б. , Соболев В.С. , Жижин Е.В. , Пшеничнюк С.А. , Асфандиаров Н.Л. , Handke B.
Published: May 2021

The results of a study of unoccupied electronic states and the formation of a boundary potential barrier during thermal vacuum deposition of ultrathin films of 4-quaterphenyl oligophenylene on the surface of CdS and on the surface of oxidized silicon are presented. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) it was determined, that the atomic concentrations of Cd and S were equal in the surface layer of a 75-nm-thick CdS film formed by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The electronic properties of 4-quaterphenyl films up to 8 nm thick were studied during their deposition on the surface of the CdS layer and on the surface of oxidized silicon using total current spectroscopy (TCS) in the energy range from 5 eV to 20 eV above EF. The energetic position of the main maxima of the fine structure of the total current spectra (FSTCS) of 4-quaterphenyl films was determined. The location of the maxima was reproducible when two selected substrate materials were used. A minor decrease in the work function, from 4.2 eV to 4.1 eV, was registered during the thermal deposition of 4-quaterphenyl onto the CdS surface. During the deposition of a 4-quaterphenyl film on the oxidized silicon surface, an increase in the work function from 4.2 eV to 4.5 eV was found. Possible mechanisms of the physicochemical interaction between the 4-quaterphenyl film and the surface of the investigated substrates, which lead to a difference in the observed values of the work function of the films on these substrates, are discussed.
Композитные пленки на основе углеродных квантовых точек в матрице проводящего полимера PEDOT : PSS
Authors: Ненашев Г.В. , Истомина М.С. , Щербаков И.П. , Швидченко А.В. , Петров В.Н. , Алешин А.Н.
Published: May 2021

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and their composites with the conducting polymer PEDOT: PSS were obtained by the hydrothermal method from glucose, and their electrical properties were investigated in the temperature range 77-280 K. CQDs have a globular structure with globule sizes of ~ 50 nm. The dependences of the resistivity on temperature,  (T), have been obtained for the films of CQDs, PEDOT:PSS-CQDs and PEDOT: PSS, which have a weak activation character. It was found that the  values of the CQD films are several orders of magnitude higher than the  values of the PEDOT: PSS films. It has been shown that with an increase in the content of CQDs in the PEDOT:PSS-CQDs composites, the (T) dependences exhibit a transition from high activation energies (~ 17-18 meV), characteristic of pure PEDOT: PSS, to lower values (~ 10 meV) observed in CQD films. The mechanism of transport of charge carriers in the investigated materials is considered.
Thinking About Your Thinking: Metacognition and the Adolescentizing of Online Higher Education
Authors: MacKewn Angelina S. , Donavant Brian W.
Published: May 2021

Online education is considered a modern landmark in Self-Directed Learning (SDL), but current trends place that characterization and the effectiveness of the delivery method in jeopardy. U.S. growth trends indicate increasing numbers and percentages of younger students entering virtual classrooms, compounded by wholesale shifts to online delivery in the wake of COVID-19. As the online arena transitions from working adults seeking educational access to entire undergraduate populations, online education appears to be evolving from an alternative delivery method into a ubiquitous form of higher education, thereby losing its identity as SDL and with all the pedagogical consequences such an evolution implies. Amid calls for increased student access and the continuing clamor for accountability, we examine differences in metacognitive awareness and regulation strategies in the multigenerational melting pot that has become undergraduate online education. While our findings indicate that younger students possess lower metacognitive capacity for maximizing online success and lead us to caution against wholesale implementation and its overuse for younger participants, we also offer considerations to help both faculty and institutions leverage the benefits of effective online delivery and encourage them to move beyond the stale methodologies that all too often separate motivated students from truly meaningful education.
FORMULATION, EVALUATION, AND IN VIVO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-ARTHRITIC ACTIVITIES OF MORINGA GRANULES
Authors: ALSAMMARRAIE HARITH JAMEEL MAHDI , KHAN NURZALINA ABDUL KARIM , MAHMUD ROZIAHANIM
Published: May 2021

Objective: Consumption of crude natural products like plants and herbs for mitigation or treatment of illnesses usually accompanied with inconsistent therapeutic effects because of poor solubility and low bioavailability of active phytochemical(s) in addition to product instability. To overcome all of above mentioned drawback ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaf was formulated as standardised solid dosage form.

Methods: Different types of materials as an adsorbent, surfactant and other necessary excipients were tested to be use in formulation of Moringa granules utilising wet granulation method. The formulated Moringa granules was then evaluated for organoleptic properties and physical characteristics, in vitro dissolution test, compatibility, drug content, heavy metal tests and microbial limit tests. Additionally, the in vivo anti-inflammatory against Carrageenan-induced paw oedema and anti-arthritic activity against CFA-induced arthritis were also assessed.

Results: 95% ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves was successfully formulated as standardised granules for oral administration utilising simple and low-cost techniques. Dissolution rate for the marker compounds was increased by an average of 1.076 fold. Animal groups given the prepared Moringa granules showed an improvement in the anti-inflammatory activity and the anti-arthritic activity compared to animal groups given crude extract at the same dose level. Additionally, all the treatment groups showed a significant difference at P<0.05 and P<0.01 compared to control group.

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this work was the first to use gum Arabic in the formulation of a standardised botanical pharmaceutical dosage form of M. oleifera crude extract. Additionally, formulation of Moringa granules apparently improves the drug release profile and bioactivity compare to Crude Moringa extract.
QUALITY BY DESIGN BASED DEVELOPMENT OF ETRAVIRINE SELF MICRO EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: A. N. KAVITHA , K. JANAKIRAMAN , DANG RAMAN
Published: May 2021

Objective: The main objective of the present research work was to develop systematically the Self Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery system of BCS Class IV drug in a Quality by Design framework.

Methods: The quality by design-based formulation development proceeds with defining the Quality Target Product Profile and Critical Quality Attributes of dosage form with appropriate justification for the same. The statistical Mixture design was used for the development of the formulation. The independent variables selected for the design were Oleic acid, Labrasol and PEG 6000, whereas droplet size (nm), emulsification time (sec), % drug loading and % drug release at 15 min were considered as the potential quality attributes of the Self Micro Emulsifying System. The eight different batches of Etravirine-Self Micro Emulsifying systems (ETV-SMEDDS) were prepared and checked for the Critical Quality Attributes. The simultaneous optimization of the formulation was done by the global desirability approach.

Results: The characterization report obtained for all the different batches of formulation was analyzed statistically by fitting into regression models. The statistically significant models determined for droplet size (nm) (R2= 0.96 and p-0.1022), emulsification time (sec) (R2= 0.99 and p-0.0267), % drug loading (R2= 0.93 and p-0.1667) and % drug release at 15 min (R2= 0.96 and p-0.0911) and were statistically significant. The maximal global desirability value obtained was 0.9415 and the value indicates, the selected factors and responses have a good correlation and are significant enough for optimization and prediction of best formulation.

Conclusion: The QbD approach utilized during the development of ETV-SMEEDS facilitated the identification of Critical Material Attributes and their significant impact on the Critical Quality Attributes of SMEDDS. The concept of building quality into product through the QbD application was utilized successfully in the formulation development.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IN-SITU GEL CONTAINING LINEZOLID IN THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS
Authors: . INAYATHULLA , GOUDANAVAR PRAKASH , ALI MOHAMMAD , DIN WANI SHAHID UD , SREEHARSHA NAGARAJA
Published: May 2021

Objective: The intent to prepare and evaluate Linezolid in-situ gel in the treatment of periodontitis.

Methods: pH-sensitive in-situ gel was formed by the cold method using a varying concentration of the drug, carbopol 934P and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carbopol 934P and sodium carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) (1:1,1:1.5,1:2,1:2.5). An optimized batch was selected based on gelling time and gelling capacity. The prepared in-situ gels were evaluated for appearance, pH, gelling capacity, viscosity, in vitro release studies, rheological studies, and finally, was subjected to drug content estimation and antibacterial activity test.

Results: FTIR study shows drug and physical mixture were compatible with each other. The rheology of formulated in-situ gel exhibited a pseudoplastic flow pattern. this may be because when polymer concentration was increased the prepared formulations become more viscous and in turn delayed the drug release and from the prepared formulation, LF4 and SF4 have polymer concentrations i. e, 0.9% carbopol and sodium CMC showed drug release up to 12 h.

Conclusion: When carbopol is appropriately mixed with other suitable polymers it forms an in-situ gel-forming system that was substantiated by the property to transform into stiff gels when the pH is increased. The in-situ gel was prepared using a combination of carbopol-HPMC and carbopol-Na CMC The formulations LF1 to SF4 showed high linearity (R2 = 0.490-0.682), indicating that the drug was released from the prepared in-situ gel by the diffusion-controlled mechanism. Thus, the formulation of batches LF4 and SF4 containing carbopol: HPMC and carbopol: NaCMC in 1:2 ratios were considered as optimum formulation based on optimum viscosity, gelling capacity and to extend the in vitro drug release.
BOOSTING THE SKIN DELIVERY OF CURCUMIN THROUGH STEARIC ACID-ETHYL CELLULOSE BLEND HYBRID NANOCARRIERS-BASED APPROACH FOR MITIGATING PSORIASIS
Authors: JAISWAL PANKAJ KUMAR , DAS SANJOY , DAS MALAY K.
Published: May 2021

Objective: Curcumin presents poor topical bioavailability when administered orally, which poses a major hurdle in its use as an effective therapy for the management of psoriasis. The present study reports the utilization of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPHNPs) for the topical delivery of curcumin which can be a potential approach for mitigating psoriasis.

Methods: Curcumin-loaded LPHNPs were prepared by the emulsification solvent evaporation method and characterized. The optimized Curcumin-loaded LPHNPs (DLN-3) were further incorporated into 2% Carbopol 940 gels and evaluated for its therapeutic efficacy in the Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis rat model.

Results: The average particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, drug entrapment and loading efficiency for DLN-3 were found to be 200.9 nm, 0.342,-28.3 mV, 87.40±0.99% and 4.57±0.04%, respectively. FT-IR, DSC and XRD studies confirmed that all the components used for the formulation are compatible with each other, whereas SEM and TEM analysis affirmed the spherical shape of LPHNPs with a smooth surface. The in vitro drug release studies suggest that curcumin was released from the LPHNPs in a sustained manner over a period of 24 h via super case II transport mechanism. Results of in vitro skin permeation study revealed that 38.39±2.67% of curcumin permeated at 12 h across excised pig ear skin with a permeation flux of 18.74±3.59 µg/cm2/h. Further, in vivo evaluation and histopathological studies demonstrated that NLHG-1 hydrogels showed better therapeutic efficacy against the psoriatic skin lesions than the standard marketed gels.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the developed LPHNPs have a superior ability to improve the skin penetration or accumulation of DLN-3 within psoriatic skin and offer a potential delivery system for the management of psoriasis.
ENHANCEMENT OF THE SOLUBILITY OF FAMOTIDINE SOLID DISPERSION USING NATURAL POLYMER BY SOLVENT EVAPORATION
Authors: ALKUFI HUSSEIN K. , RASHID ASMAA M.
Published: May 2021

Objective: The aims of the study to enhance solubility and dissolution of famotidine using natural polymer. Solubility study of a drug is one of the contributing factors of its oral bioavailability. The formulation of poorly soluble drugs for oral delivery presents a challenge to the formulation technologists.

Methods: The present study has shown that it is possible to raise the solubility for poorly soluble drugs like famotidine, by preparing solid dispersion using natural water-soluble polymer (xyloglucan and hyaluronic acid) as solubilizer through solvent evaporation method. Physical mixture and solid dispersion of famotidine with xyloglucan (XG) or hyaluronic acid in a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 were prepared. Solubility study, drug content, dissolution profile and compatibility study were performed for famotidine in solid dispersions XS1, XS2, XS3, HS4, HS5, HS6 as well as in physical mixtures at a ratio 1:1 for both polymer (XG and hyaluronic acid).

Results: It was observed that solid dispersions of each drugs showed an increase in dissolution rate in comparison with its pure drug in the ratio of 1:1 (Drug: carrier). It can be concluded that with the care and proper use of xyloglucan, the solubility of drugs poorly soluble can be improved.

The prepared solid dispersion showed improvement of drug solubility in all prepared formulas. The best result was obtained with formula XS1 (famotidine: xyloglucan at ratio 1:1) that showed 26 fold increase in solubility compared to the solubility of pure drug.

Conclusion: The natural solid dispersion, increased wettability and reduced crystallinity of the drug which leads to improving solubility and dissolution.
RISE AND FALL IN SARS-COV-2 GLOBAL PANDEMIC STRAIN RATE–AN OVERVIEW
Authors: ANWA ABDULLAH , CHANDEL VISHAL SINGH , SINGH SATYENDRA PRATAP , SINGH SATYA PRAKASH , ANWAR NEDA
Published: May 2021

After its discovery in Hubei in China in December 2019, the deadly rise of modern coronavirus (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV) has spread globally. SARS-CoV-2 disease COVID-19 has quickly spread worldwide, posing a serious threat to health and the economy. As of 25th January 2021, more than 100 million confirmed cases of 2,165,581 deaths have been reported by WHO and Worldometer. Many of the cases reported are caused by infection from human to human and are the carriers of this lethal coronavirus. Due to its calamitous nature, the whole world was under lockdown restricting all sorts of movements and means of transportation in hampering the countries economic balance. Presently, the world's endeavor to create and develop a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine is bearing the fruit. A handful of vaccines now have been authorized around the globe and many more remain in the development phase. In addition, social isolation and knowledge of hygiene (facial masks and sanitizers) are potential methods of controlling the further dissemination of global pandemics COVID-19. This research article presents a brief overview of the catastrophic effect caused by COVID-19 disease globally and particularly in different states of India. Additionally, the article also discusses the recent variant of SARS-CoV-2 and its vulnerable impact. Furthermore, the article investigates the currently available vaccines and those in their development phase for the treatment of COVID-19 disease. This investigatory literature may provide comprehensive details on COVID-19 disease from its inception to grow and later fall in its strain rate.
FLOATING MULTIPLE UNIT MINITABLETS OF METOPROLOL SUCCINATE: FORMULATION, IN VITRO AND IN VIVO CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: PANDA MADHULITA , RAO M. E. BHANOJI , PANDA JNYANARANJAN , PATRA C. H. NIRANJAN , PATRO GANESH
Published: May 2021

Objective: In this present research, formulation of floating multiple unit minitablets of metoprolol succinate without using gas generating agent was attempted with an objective of increased residence time, sustained release, and improved oral bioavailability.

Methods: Solid dispersions were prepared with lipophilic carriers such as compritol ATO888, Gelucire 43/01, Gelucire 39/01, and precirol ATO 05 was formulated using fusion technique. Neusillin US2 was used as an adsorbent. The solid dispersions were compressed into minitablets, weighing 20 mg, and then filled into ‘0’ size capsule.

Results: Formulation F9, F10, F14, and F15 showed instantaneous floating lag time, i.e., 0 min, floating time more than 12 h, and sustained release up to 12 h. Pharmacokinetic study of the optimized formulation (F9) showed 2.46 times increase in area under the curve with increased residence time.

Conclusion: Hence gelucire 43/01 based floating multiple unit minitablets of metoprolol succinate can be considered a promising approach.
RELATIVE COMPARISON OF STABILITY AND DEGRADATION OF METHYLCOBALAMIN TABLETS OF DIFFERENT BRANDS AT DIFFERENT STORAGE SETTINGS
Authors: RAZIQ ABDUL , JAN SYED UMER , GUL RAHMAN , KHAN YOUSAF , AMAN TAJALA , SHAH PERVAIZ AKHTAR
Published: May 2021

Objective: To assess relative comparison of stability and degradation of Methylcobalamin tablets of different brands at various storage circumstances.

Methods: The comparative in vitro study of Methycobal (innovator brand) with its other 5 different brands Cobalamin, Neuromet, Incobal, Qbal and Mecobal was organized for evaluation of physicochemical features of hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, disintegration time and accelerated stability at 3 temperatures, 25 °C, 30 °C±65 % and 40 °C±75 % respectively for 3 mo. Later all brands were passed through HPLC for checking the extent of degradation of drug products.

Results: All tablet brands were within the weight variation specified limits except Mecobal with a relative standard deviation of 6.83%. The weight variation values of Methycobal, Cobalamin, Neuromet, Incobal, Qbal and Mecobal were 0.29%, 0.11%, 0.09%, 0.13%, 0.09% and 0.14% after friability test respectively as per standard limits. The average thickness of Cobalamin, Incobal and Mecobal were not within specified limits. The average hardness of all trades was within limits except Cobalamin and Mecobal exceeding 6kp. The disintegration time of all companies was as per specifications.

Conclusion: Qbal was found economical and cost-effective. However, study facts unveiled no noteworthy variety in the Q. C assessments of Methylcobalamin brands.
Mujeres en redes de lucha: ciberfeminismo como movimiento social contemporáneo
Authors: Mazón Martínez Abigail
Published: May 2021

El texto señala que el feminismo como movimiento social refleja una acción de rebe-lión contra el orden que ha sido considerado como natural. Como movimiento, busca hacer conciencia en las mujeres, pues su desarrollo como personas se ha visto afectado, ya que ha sido dominado y oprimido por el sistema patriarcal, el cual se refiere al conjunto de normas que organizan lo social, económico, religioso y político, bajo la idea del varón como líder y máxima autoridad; mientras, las mujeres se encuentran a sus servicios.
Desde los inicios del movimiento y con el paso de los años, las mujeres han ganado terrenos en los que antes participaban de manera poco visible. Su lucha y activismo les ha otorgado parte de aquello que se les había negado, todo lo que sólo se había pensado para los individuos del sexo masculino
Partidos políticos y think tanks en México: un análisis de la normativa intrapartidaria
Authors: Flores Díaz Jorge Gerardo
Published: May 2021

El texto expone que los partidos políticos ocupan un lugar central en la toma de decisiones públicas. Los indi- viduos elegidos a través de las elecciones en las que participan, son los que integran los poderes Ejecutivo y Legislativo del Estado y eligen a quienes presidirán el Poder Judicial y los órganos constitucionales autónomos. Por ello, resulta de vital importancia que quienes forman parte de estas organizaciones estén lo mejor capacitados que sea posible, y cuenten con información precisa, así como actualizada sobre las implicaciones de las decisiones que deban adoptar
Harmful Effects of COVID-19 on Major Human Body Organs: A Review
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Rayhan , Mas-ud Md. Atik , Ali Md Roushan , Fatamatuzzohora Mst , Shimu Ajmeri Sultana , Haq Md. Anamul , Islam Md. Ashikul , Hossain Md. Firose , Hosenuzzaman Md. , Islam Md. Mominul , Hasan Md. Faruk , Matin Mohammad Nurul
Published: May 2021

The world experienced the outbreak of a new pandemic disease in 2019, known as coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The respiratory system is the organ system most commonly affected by COVID-19; however, several other organ systems have been reported to be affected. The SARS-CoV-2 RNA found in infected stub samples can cause lung contagion by binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor of the alveolar epithelial cells. The gut microbiota (GM) promote immunity, indicating that the alignment of the microbiota and corresponding metabolic processes in COVID-19 can help to identify novel biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for this disease. The cause of kidney damage in COVID-19 patients is possibly multifactorial, involving a complex mechanism that involves complement dysregulation and thrombotic microangiopathy, as well as the occurrence of a “cytokine storm” syndrome, which are immune responses that are abandoned and dysfunctional with unfavorable prognosis in severe COVID-19 cases. Furthermore, COVID-19 involves a continuous proliferation and activation of macrophages and lymphocytes. SARS-CoV-2 can also bind to the ACE-2 receptor expressed in the cerebral capillary endothelial cells that can invade the blood-brain wall, to penetrate the brain parenchyma. However, in the ongoing pandemic, there has been a surge in studies on a wide range of topics, including causes of respiratory failure, asymptomatic patients, intensive care patients, and survivors. This review briefly describes the damaging effects of COVID-19 on vital human organs and the inhibitory function of the ACE-2 receptor on the GM, which causes gut dysbiosis, and thus, this review discusses topics that have an opportunity for further investigation.
Bio-plastic Films Production from Feather Waste Degradation by Keratinolytic Bacteria Bacillus cereus
Authors: Alshehri Wafa A. , Khalel Ashjan , Elbanna Khaled , Ahmad Iqbal , Abulreesh Hussein H.
Published: May 2021

Plastic materials have become a necessity of human life especially in the packaging of food commodities and biomedical procedures. Bioplastic is emerging as an effective alternative to fossil oil-based materials to avoid the environmental hazards of the plastic industry. During this study, chicken feathers were used as a substrate to isolate keratin degrading bacteria. Among 14 identified isolates, Bacillus sp BAM3 was found to be the most promising isolate. Partial 16S rDNA analysis-based molecular characterization revealed it is a strain of Bacillus cereus. Bacillus sp BAM3 can grow and produce keratinase in feathers containing basal medium as the sole carbon and energy source. The maximum keratinase production (730U/ml) was achieved within 24 h under optimum reaction conditions. The optimized reaction pH and temperature were noted as 9.0 and 50 °C for crude keratinase activity, respectively. The chicken feathers were used as a substrate in 2, 5, and 10 wt% glycerol to synthesize keratin-based bioplastic with keratinolytic bacterium Bacillus cereus BAM3. Bioplastic prepared from keratin with 2% of glycerol was found to possess good mechanical properties. Therefore, the results present a novel keratinolytic isolate of Bacillus cereus BAM3, which may have potential biotechnological applications in keratin hydrolysis processes. The development of keratin-based bioplastics possessing superior crystalline morphology requires further investigations to substitute fossil oil-based materials.
Genetic Diversity of the Legionella pneumophila dotA Gene Detected on Surfaces of Respiratory Therapy Equipment
Authors: Vittal Rajeshwari , Kumar Ballamoole Krishna , Karunasagar Indrani , Raj Juliet Roshini Mohan
Published: May 2021

Legionellosis is a neglected disease due to the absence of well-defined clinical symptoms and difficulties in isolating the causal organism. Legionella spp. is known to colonize the lumen of respiratory therapy equipment(RTE) and evade conventional detection by entering the viable but non-culturable state. Monitoring these surfaces for Legionella pneumophila in addition to routine monitoring of water could aid in decreasing incidences of hospital-acquired infections by this pathogen. In this study swabs of different respiratory therapy equipment were tested for the presence of Legionella by conventional culture-based methods versus molecular detection of culture-independent template by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Genetic diversity of the genes amplified were studied using bioinformatic tools. The dotA genes were genetically diverse indicating no clonality. This communication highlights that the persistence of virulence genes like dotA on abiotic surfaces can result in the mobilization of these genes to other species and give rise to virulent forms especially in a healthcare setting.
Sensibilidade ao contexto na identificação de estados afetivos aplicados à educação: um mapeamento sistemático
Authors: Sandro Oliveira Dorneles Sandro Oliveira Dorneles , Nice Ferrari Barbosa Debora , Luís Victória Barbosa Jorge
Published: May 2021

Estudos apontam como tendência o uso de lentes emocionais e a relevância das emoções ou estados afetivos para as interações educacionais. Aliado a isso, e considerando as potencialidades da computação ubíqua e afetiva, cresce o entendimento da importância do uso de informações contextuais na identificação de sinais afetivos e sociais. Dessa forma, esse estudo apresenta uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso de informações de contextos na identificação de estados afetivos em ambientes educacionais. Os resultados indicam que os trabalhos fazem uso de canais visuais (50%) e fisiológicos (50%) associados principalmente a informações de contexto, relacionadas a atividades e identidade na detecção de estados afetivos. A revisão identificou ainda, o uso de 27 diferentes estados afetivos com predominância na valência das emoções positivas como felicidade e satisfação ou negativas como frustração e decepção.
Um Recurso Colaborativo para apoiar Comunicac¸ ˜ao entre Surdos e Ouvintes
Authors: Erbs da Costa Simone , Eduardo Rosa de Freitas Lucas , Diacui Medeiros Berkenbrock Carla , Sucupira Ferreira Sell Fabíola
Published: May 2021

A comunicação é a forma de compartilhar informação, desenvolver cultura e interagir na sociedade. As tecnologias computacionais em conjunto com Sistemas Colaborativos cada vez mais vêm contribuindo na acessibilidade comunicacional das pessoas e no processo inclusivo. O presente trabalho apresenta um aplicativo móvel para apoiar a comunicação de sujeitos surdos e de ouvintes por meio do uso de tecnologia assistiva colaborativa. Os resultados obtidos demonstram um bom desempenho da aplicação desenvolvida, bem como potencial para contribuir com ampliação do vocabulário de usuários interessados em aprender Libras.
A INTENÇÃO DE USO DE JOGOS VIRTUAIS NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLARES
Authors: Da Silva Pedro , Curth Marcelo , Eurico Kerber Luis , Bolzan Berleze Denise
Published: May 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo levantar dados sobre as relações dos construtosfacilidade de uso percebida, utilidade percebida e normas subjetivas e sua influência na intenção de uso de jogos virtuais nas aulas de Educação Física por estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física de uma universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Foi realizada uma survey com 141 estudantes do curso. A técnica estatística usada foi modelagem de equações estruturais (MEE) por meio da qual foi testado o modelo conceitual. Os resultados indicam bom ajustamento do modelo de acordo com a literatura. Os construtos referentes a facilidade de uso percebida e utilidade percebida apresentaram efeitos positivos na intenção de uso de jogos virtuais nas aulas de Educação Física, ao contrário das normas subjetivas. Esta pesquisa preenche a lacuna de estudos referentes ao uso de jogos virtuais nas aulas de Educação Física.
Jogo Acidente Zero: elementos de gamificação para o ensino e aprendizagem de saúde e segurança do trabalho em um curso técnico integrado
Authors: Waltzer Einhardt Leandro , Emilio Padilla Severo Carlos
Published: May 2021

este texto apresenta reflexões sobre gamificação na educação profissional, com base nos conceitos de educar pela pesquisa (DEMO, 2002), aprendizagemsignificativa crítica (MOREIRA, 2011), metodologias ativas (MORAN, 2017),engajamento escolar (SILVEIRA; JUSTI, 2018) e gamificação (FADEL et al., 2014). Ametodologia foi de natureza qualitativa, cujos instrumentos de coleta de dados foram: entrevistas, questionários e observação participante. O jogo Acidente Zero foi elaborado e aplicado em uma prática educativa, onde os estudantes foram desafiados a resolverem problemas. Os resultados permitiram inferir que os elementos de gamificação escolhidos contribuíram para o engajamento comportamental, afetivo, cognitivo e agente dos estudantes.
Master Prato: Jogo em Realidade Aumentada para Auxílio no Desenvolvimento de Hábitos Alimentares Saudáveis em Crianças
Authors: Carvalho Machado Cleiton , Argenton Ramos Ricardo , Florêncio de Brito Lucas , Cordeiro de Marins Nogueira Sayonara
Published: May 2021

Os maus hábitos alimentares desde a infância é um dos fatores que acarretama obesidade e por consequência o desenvolvimento de doenças ligadas a esta. Assim, este artigo apresenta o Master Prato, um jogo que utiliza a realidade aumentada (RA) para auxiliar o aprendizado de crianças na combinação de refeições saudáveis. No jogo podem-se criar pratos com vários alimentos à disposição e desta forma, receber uma pontuação sobre o quão saudável foi a refeição criada. O jogo é personalizável, e para cada jogador são feitos cálculos para identificar a necessidade de consumo de nutrientes para cada um montar o seu prato. Foi feita uma avaliação por nutricionistas com o foco no envolvimento, funcionalidades, estética e as informações presentes. Com os resultados obtidos constatou-se que o jogo se mostrou relevante para ser aplicado na educação.
Mapeando o uso de Jogos para o Ensino de Arte-Educação: uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura e Pesquisa Netnográfica
Authors: Sasso Laureano Rebeca , Bernardi Giliane , Zanki Cordenonsi Andre
Published: May 2021

O ensino da arte-educação é, atualmente, entrelaçado aos temas contemporâneos tais quais as tecnologias digitais e temas de cultura visual, suas produções, seus sentidos e seus compartilhamentos. Sendo assim, as Tecnologias Educacionais possuem um papel importante como uma possibilidade de modificar e integrar espaços de ensino, atuando na arte-educação como um propulsor de encontros entre estes temas, problematizando a cultura e as maneiras como enxergamos a realidade ao nosso redor. Uma das formas de propor estes encontros são os jogos, presentes no cotidiano de muitos estudantes e que apresentam inúmeras possibilidades didáticas. Neste artigo, propõe-se mapear o uso de jogos para o ensino de arte-educação através de duas abordagens: uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura e uma Pesquisa Netnográfica realizada em uma rede social. Como resultados, verificou-se que a relação entre a arte-educação e os jogos ainda é incipiente no Brasil, tanto no meio acadêmico, quanto nas práticas pedagógicas dos professores em exercício, alvos da pesquisa netnográfica, indicando que a mesma se apresenta como um campo fértil para a pesquisa.
LABORATÓRIOS REMOTOS DE FPGA COM FOCO NO ENSINO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Lúcia da Silva Beraldo Ana , Tiago de Oliveira Tiago de Oliveira , Stringini Denise
Published: May 2021

Esta revisão sistemática foi realizada para se ter uma visão geral do estado daarte sobre o desenvolvimento de laboratórios remotos específicos de FPGA (FieldProgrammable Gate Array) utilizados para o ensino de Circuitos Digitais ou disciplinas similares. Buscou-se identificar quais são as principais funcionalidades do sistema desenvolvido, se a ferramenta permite interação entre os usuários, se o sistema é livre ou comercial, quais equipamentos de hardware foram utilizados no projeto, se há integração com algum ambiente virtual de aprendizagem e se foram realizados testes do sistema com estudantes. Os resultados apontam a existência de um pequeno número de laboratórios remotos específicos de FPGA com foco no ensino sendo que, a maioria deles está concentrada na Europa.
Desenvolvimento e validação do aplicativo Android RAbiomas
Authors: Aline Djanira Freire Marques Raimunda , Izabel Gallão Maria
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho propôs o emprego da tecnologia em favor da educação, por meioda utilização dos smartphones dos alunos para a produção de conhecimento. Tem como objetivos desenvolver um aplicativo com a tecnologia Realidade Aumentada sobre o conteúdo de Biomas Brasileiros e avaliar o seu uso como ferramenta pedagógica no processo de aprendizagem. Para tal, foi feita uma coleta de dados utilizando questionário semiestruturado, a fim de avaliar o aplicativo desenvolvido. A validação foi realizada por alunos e professores que, apesar de relatarem a necessidade de pequenos ajustes, o avaliaram de forma positiva, destacando que o aplicativo tem papel motivador, podendo ser utilizado como uma ferramenta no auxílio da promoção da aprendizagem.
Impressão 3D como Recurso para o Desenvolvimento de Material Didático: Associando a Cultura Maker à Resolução de Problemas
Authors: Tarsso Gomes Santos Jarles , Ferreira de Andrade Adja
Published: May 2021

Este estudo busca apresentar uma proposta de aplicação para a impressora 3D no contexto educacional, em uma escola pública da Paraíba, associando-a à resolução de problemas. Na ocasião, os estudantes usaram conhecimentos adquiridos em sala para atuar sobre o problema que permeia várias instituições de ensino: a falta de material didático para uso em atividades práticas. A partir disso, usaram a metodologia ativa Design Thinking para auxiliar no processo, construindo ideias e protótipos para uso como material didático. Os resultados apontam que a impressora 3D pode facilitar o ensino de conteúdos que compõem o currículo escolar, seja estimulando os estudantes na construção de modelos ou fazendo uso de modelos prontos como material didático.
Learning Process Visualization for Distance Learning Teachers: Design Requirements and Visual Encodings.
Authors: A. Dourado Raphael , Lins Rodrigues Rodrigo , Ferreira Nivan , Sandro Gomes Alex
Published: May 2021

In distance learning, receiving feedback is critical not only for students but also for teachers — from students. However, there is a lack of empirically validated recommendations for designing visualizations of process-oriented feedback for distance learning teachers. In this work, we propose design requirements and visual encodings for process-oriented feedback, obtained through an iterative design-based method involving intense participation of teachers from online vocational courses. Our results show that i) the prototypes built according to the proposed requirements were perceived as useful by teachers and ii) granularity level control, context, data pre-processing transparency, and correlation of process data to outcome data are essential for a successful visual learning analytics system in the studied domain.
Project Based Learning in Projects in the Data mining: a tutoring experience report
Authors: Roberta dos Santos Medeiros Soraya , Amorim Martins Cibelle , Rabelo Humberto
Published: May 2021

Data Mining (MD) is an area from Computer Science that has been taught as a discipline, because it allows the generation of knowledge about society. It had being offered in Information Systems Bachelor (BSI) undergraduate course at Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) with the execution of hypothetical projects unrelated to students' reality, so final number of enrolled students was low. This work aims to report the application of the Project Based Learning (PBL) approach in MD teaching during 2018.1 semester of BSI course at UFRN with the help of a Tutoring Project. For doing that, training actions about PBL and MD were carried out with monitors and students. As a result, the number of offerings was filled and students developed projects related to their life contexts, got articles approved at academic conferences, and produced research and outreach projects.
Financial reporting quality following the corporate governance reforms: A conditional conservatism perspective
Authors: Ismail Wan Adibah Wan , Harymawan Iman , Agustia Dian , Kamarudin Khairul Anuar
Published: May 2021

This study examines the quality of financial reporting during the period following the corporate governance reforms in Malaysia, as motivated by the importance of investors’ needs for high-quality financial reporting. Using the asymmetric timeliness of the earnings model, we analysed the sample of 6,819 firm-year observations of Malaysian listed companies from 2002 to 2011. The findings show evidence of the high quality of reporting following the corporate governance reforms. We found that firms have reported a more timely recognition of losses than gains in the post-reform period. Our results suggest that conditional conservatism has been prevalent during the period, and the results are robust even after conducting extensive specification tests. This study suggests that after the corporate governance reforms, Malaysian companies’ financial statements have been more reliable for investors in making investment decisions.
Host-pathogen-environment interactions determine survival outcomes of adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) released from fisheries
Authors: Teffer Amy , Hinch Scott , Miller Kristina , Patterson David , Bass Arthur , Cooke Steven , Farrell Anthony , Beacham Terry , Chapman Jacqueline , Juanes Francis
Published: May 2021

Incorporating host-pathogen(s)-environment axes into management and
conservation planning is critical to preserving species in a warming
climate. However, the role pathogens play in host stress resilience
remains largely unexplored in wild animal populations. We experimentally
characterized how independent and cumulative stressors (fisheries
handling, high water temperature) and natural infections affected the
health and longevity of released wild adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus
nerka) in British Columbia, Canada. Returning adults were collected
before and after entering the Fraser River, yielding marine- and
river-collected groups, respectively. Fish were exposed to a mild
(seine) or severe (gill net) fishery treatment at collection, and then
held in circulating freshwater tanks for up to four weeks at historical
(14°C) or projected migration temperatures (18°C). Using weekly
nonlethal gill biopsies and high-throughput qPCR, we quantified loads of
up to 46 pathogens with host stress and immune gene expression.
Marine-captured fish had less severe infections than river-captured
fish, a short migration distance (100 km, 5-7 d) that produced profound
infection differences. At 14°C, river-collected fish survived 1-2 weeks
less than marine-collected fish. All fish held at 18°C died within 4
weeks unless they experienced minimal handling. Gene expression
correlated with infections in river-collected fish, while
marine-collected fish were more stressor-responsive. Cumulative
stressors were detrimental regardless of infections or collection
location, likely due to extreme physiological disturbance. Because
river-derived infections correlated with single stressor responses,
river entry likely decreases stressor resilience of adult salmon by
altering both physiological status and pathogen burdens, which redirect
host responses toward disease resistance.