bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Russian-Ukrainian war: changes in the attitude of the German government and civil society
Authors: Kudriachenko Andrii
Published: January 2024

Abstract. A thorough analysis of the processes of how the russian-Ukrainian war affected the policy of Germany towards Ukraine, and also radically changed the entire paradigm of Berlin’s relations with moscow and strengthened the positioning of Germany as a leader by taking greater responsibility for the course of events in Europe and the world. The significance and directions of the decisive departure of the Federal Republic of Germany from special relations with the russian federation and the provision of significant political, financial, economic, and humanitarian aid to Ukraine are unpacked.
The content and significance of the official statements and real steps of the Federal President and the Federal Chancellor of Germany to condemn the russian war, which the kremlin dictator unleashed against Ukraine, are analysed. New approaches and the definition of the stage of historical progress after 24 February 2024 as a change of an era and a decisive departure from previous special German-russian relations are examined. Separately, the outline of the directions of the fight against the aggressor and the difficult path of increasing military support for Ukraine in the defence of its sovereignty and democratic development on the way to its entry into the Euro-Atlantic space is clarified.
While analysing the changes in the attitude of German civil society related to the russian aggression against Ukraine, relevant publications and data from various sociological surveys, together with comparisons of their results in temporal and international contexts, were studied.
Based on the conducted study and analysis, it was concluded that the coalition government of Germany, the leading political forces and the majority of civil society are on the side of Ukraine and strongly support the country’s just struggle against the russian invaders.
Keywords: russian-Ukrainian war, Germany, Ukraine, russia, unprovoked aggression, liberation, military, economic, humanitarian aid.
Penyuluhan Bahaya Merokok Dan Dampak Merokok Bagi Kesehatan Di MTS Annajah Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Agus Alamsyah  , Al Safitri Richie , Christine Vita Gloria Purba  , Bintan Najihan  , Shanti Pratiwi Gusti , Fitri Handayani Audya , Sofiya Sofiya
Published: January 2024

perilaku merokok dapat dilihat dari aspek yaitu pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan. Pada umumnya remaja perokok tidak menyadari bahaya kecanduan tembakau. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kebiasaan merokok pada usia muda, antara lain kebiasaan merokok pada masa kanak-kanak yang berujung pada  kebiasaan merokok pada usia dewasa, pengaruh lingkungan seperti orang tua atau teman yang merokok, kecanduan nikotin, kebiasaan hidup sehari-hari dan emosi seperti depresi, tekanan, dan kesepian . Tujuan dilaksanakannya pengabdian masyarakat guna mengningkatkan pengetahuan tentang bahaya rokok siswa di Madrasa  Tsanawiyah Annajah. Metode yang di gunakan  kegiatan ini adalah ceramah untuk  memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang bahaya merokok dan dampak merokok bagi kesehatan, sasarannya 25 siswa Madrasa Tsanawiyah Annajah Kota Pekanbaru. Kegiatan ini dimulai dengan  membuat perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, hingga penyusunan laporan. Hasil dilakukan setelah kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan selesai dilakukan. Setelah penyuluhan dilaksanakan sasaran di berikan pertanyaan secara lisan, sasaran mampu memahami dan mengetahui informasi terhadap Bahaya Merokok.
Upaya Menciptakan Rasa Kepedulian Lingkungan Sejak Dini Dengan Melakukan Penghijauan dan Pengelolaan Limbah
Authors: Ermal Dini Aulia Sari , Maarasyid Cici
Published: January 2024

Penghijauan adalah sebuah kegiatan yang penting untuk dilakukan dalam menangani permasalahan lingkungan. Desa Sidomulyo, Kec. Lirik, Kab. Indragiri Hulu merupakan salah satu desa yang dikelilingin perusahaan – perusahaan besar sehingga menyebabkan  desa ini menjadi gersang, tandus, udara panas Upaya penghijauan merupakan sebuah salah satu upaya dalam mengatasi suatu masalah lingkungan yang terjadi di sebuah daerah.Untuk fasilitas penghijauan di desa ini cukup memadai tetapi masyarakat yang masih kurang mengoptimalkan lahan yang ada untuk melakukan penghijauan. Melalui keterangan dari kepala desa setempat dari hasil survey yang telah dilakukan bahwa masyarakat desa sidomulyo masih minim kepedulian terhadap kebersihan lingkungan dengan terbuktinya masih banyak masyarakat yang membuang sampah sembarangan seperti di lahan kosong dan dikebun sawit. Maka dari itu diperlukannya kesadaran bagi masyarakat untuk lebih memperhatikan lingkungan desa tersebut dengan melakukan membuat tong sampah dan pemanfaatan tanaman toga / tanaman obat keluarga yang merupakan hasil budidaya rumahan yang memiliki khasiat sebagai obat.
Mewujudkan Generasi Bebas Stunting Melalui Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Kelompok Guru TK ABA
Authors: Evi Wahyuntari  , Faurina Risca Fauzia  , Yuni Purwati
Published: January 2024

Kemendikbudristek menganjurkan semua sekolah mulai mengimplementasikan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar sebagai upaya perbaikan kualitas pembelajaran. Masalah stunting, menjadikan Ikatan Guru TK ABA (IGABA) merasa perlu  memasukkan topik tentang Cegah Stunting ke dalam implementasi kurikulum merdeka.  Tujuan: memfasilitasi mitra dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka agar bisa mengintegrasikan tema stunting pada kurikulumnya. Metode: Community Development Methods, dengan sasaran IGABA di Gamping, sebanyak 70 peserta. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui workshop penyusunan rencana pembelajaran, integrasi program cegah stunting ke dalam kurikulum Merdeka, penyusunan alat peraga dan implementasinya. Hasil: Seluruh tahapan implementasi terlaksana dengan baik. Mean score pretes yaitu 59 dan postes meningkat menjadi 76. Terdapat perubahan hasil yang lebih baik, setelah dilakukan pendampingan penyusunan Kurikulum Merdeka. Simpulan: Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka pencegahan stunting dapat difahami dan diterapkan oleh guru IGABA.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome or pneumonia? The role of lung ultrasound
Authors:   Department of Neonatology, Life Memorial Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Stoiciu Roxana , Necula Andreea Ioana ,   Department of Neonatology, Life Memorial Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Nemes Alexandra Floriana ,   Department of Neonatology, Life Memorial Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, Bucharest, Romania, Toma Adrian Ioan ,   Department of Neonatology, Life Memorial Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2024

Background. Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), although recognized for almost 34 years, is still difficult to define. An attempt was made to include this pathology in a set of criteria (The Montreux definition) that allows early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic measures. Case report. We present one case of neonatal ARDS that was diagnosed using the Montreux definition. Two out of the five criteria were discovered while performing seriated lung ultrasounds. A term newborn (GA=39W6D) developed respiratory failure at 15 minutes after birth: rapid, labored, grunting respirations, suprasternal and substernal retractions. The suspected diagnosis was ARDS because all 5 criteria were met. The infant was transferred to the NICU where CPAP treatment and antibiotic prophylaxis were initiated. Lung ultrasounds were performed, showing congenital pneumonia as the primary acute respiratory condition so the antibiotics were changed. In the second day of life the patient was sedated and received mechanical ventilation support followed by 3 doses of surfactant. The patient’s status slowly improved and he was extubated after 56 hours. The lung ultrasounds began to show a normal pattern; blood cultures were negative, and CRP was decreasing. The patient was discharged at 8 days of life. Conclusions. When faced with a term newborn with respiratory distress it is important to consider ARDS as a possible diagnosis if all the criteria are met.
Comparison of architect assay and elecsys HBs Ag II assay in the quantification of hepatitis B surface antigen in chronic HBV patients
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, “Swamy Vivekanandha” Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Tiruchengode, Tamilnadu, India, Arasu T. Uma , Kanchanadevi P. ,   Department of Microbiology, CSI College of Dental Science & Research, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India, Shajahan A. ,   Medical Microbiology, Government Erode Medical College And Hospital, Erode, Tamilnadu, India, Dharmalingam Thirunavukkarasu ,   Department of Microbiology, Government “Mohan Kumaramangalam” Medical College and Hospitals, Salem, Tamilnadu, India, Choudhary Arbind Kumar ,   Pharmacology, Government Erode Medical College and Hospital, Tamilnadu, India
Published: January 2024

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern, with an estimated 296 million chronic carriers worldwide. Quantification of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a crucial tool in HBV disease management, providing valuable insights into disease progression and treatment efficacy. Objective. To evaluate the comparative performance of the Abbott Architect HBsAg QT and Roche Elecsys HBsAg II assays in quantifying hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods. This prospective study enrolled 60 confirmed CHB patients between February 2021 and November 2021. HBsAg levels were measured using both assays and subsequently log-transformed (log10 IU/mL) for statistical analysis. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Pearson correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman analyses were employed to assess assay concordance and systematic bias. Results. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between the Elecsys HBsAg II and Architect HBsAg QT assays for both untreated and treatment-receiving CHB patients (ICC values not specified, p <0.001). Notably, Architect consistently yielded higher HBsAg measurements compared to Elecsys. Conclusion. Both the Elecsys HBsAg II and Architect HBsAg QT assays demonstrate robust correlation in quantifying HBsAg levels in CHB patients. However, the Architect assay exhibits a systematic positive bias relative to Elecsys, which should be considered when interpreting results and making clinical decisions. Both tools provide reliable assessments for HBsAg quantification within CHB management strategies, but it is essential to be aware of potential assay-specific differences.
PENGARUH BUDAYA DAN KOMPLEK REGIONAL DALAM ETIMOLOGI TOPONIMI DI WILAYAH SEKITAR UNNES
Authors: Hanafi Fahrudin , Priakusuma Dwi
Published: January 2024

Toponimi merupakan bagian dari data geospasial yang karakter unik sebuah obyek spasial. Objek toponimi mencakup asal kata, asal bahasa, makna, cerita dan sejarah yang terkandung dari nama suatu daerah. Toponimi dapat menjadi identitas dari sebuah entitas yang mengikuti kecenderungan wilayah atau trend disuatu waktu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh budaya dan komplek regional dalam asal kata (etimologi) toponimi di wilayah sekitar UNNES. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode purposive sampling, kemudian data geospasial tersebut diolah dan dikategorikan berdasarkan unsur yang mempengaruhi penamaan rupa bumi yang ditemui di sekitar Unnes yakni biotik, abiotik dan budaya untuk kemudian disajikan dalam bentuk analisis kuantitatif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa di wilayah sekitar Unnes, budaya merupakan satu unsur dominan yang mempengaruhi penamaan rupa bumi. Dari total 55 data, terdapat 30 data (54,55%) yang dipengaruhi oleh unsur budaya didalam penamaannya. Pengaruh komplek regional diklasifikasikan dalam 2 unsur yakni biotik dan abiotik, biotik mempengaruhi 9 dari 55 data (16,36%) dan unsur abiotik dengan 7 dari 55 data (12,73%). Unsur budaya juga memiliki sub unsur terbanyak sejumlah 7 sub unsur, nama tokoh merupakan paling dominan dengan jumlah 14 data. Selain nama tokoh, bentang alam merupakan subunsur dari unsur abiotik yang cukup dominan dengan jumlah 10 data.
Strategies to support progressed South African Grade 12 Mathematics learners
Authors: Kolobe Lineo , Mihai Maryke Anneke
Published: January 2024

The introduction of progression policy, which prohibits the repetition of a grade to more than once within each of the four phases of Basic Education, was enforced in South Africa in the Further Education and Training phase in 2013, but appropriate strategies which could be applied to support progressed learners are not addressed.
This research was qualitative by nature and approached according to the interpretative paradigm. It was a comparative case study, which investigated strategies to support Grade 12 progressed Mathematics learners using Information Communication Technologies in comparison with other strategies that do not apply ICT instructional technologies. Data collection strategies were semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and support policies. The study population was sixteen FET Mathematics educators from five schools in Ekurhuleni North district.
The findings indicated that connectivism, when incorporated into teaching and learning, becomes an effective support tool for progressed learners. ICTs within networks makes teaching and learning more learner centred, improves participation, learner attainment and pass rate. Learners are able to learn at their own pace, in their most convenient set-up and they manage what they learn, how they learn, with whom they learn and what information they require. The study found that there are greater benefits of using ICT instructional technologies in a connectivist classroom to support progressed learners, but that traditional support strategies cannot be ruled out due to the socio-economic challenges schools under research experienced. The findings further indicated that there is a dire need of a comprehensive support policies, strategies and guidelines to support progressed and low-ability learners in Mathematics both digitally and non-digitally.
JWST Imaging of Edge-on Protoplanetary Disks. I. Fully Vertically Mixed 10 μm Grains in the Outer Regions of a 1000 au Disk
Authors: Duchêne Gaspard , Ménard François , Stapelfeldt Karl R. , Villenave Marion , Wolff Schuyler G. , Perrin Marshall D. , Pinte Christophe , Tazaki Ryo , Padgett Deborah L.
Published: January 2024

Scattered light imaging of protoplanetary disks provides key insights on the geometry and dust properties in the disk surface. Here, we present James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) 2–21 μm images of a 1000 au radius edge-on protoplanetary disk surrounding an 0.4 M
⊙ young star in Taurus, Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) J04202144 + 2813491. These observations represent the longest wavelengths at which a protoplanetary disk is spatially resolved in scattered light. We combine these observations with Hubble Space Telescope optical images and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array continuum and CO mapping. We find that the changes in the scattered light disk morphology are remarkably small across a factor of 30 in wavelength, indicating that dust in the disk surface layers is characterized by an almost gray opacity law. Using radiative transfer models, we conclude that grains up to ≳10 μm in size are fully coupled to the gas in this system, whereas grains ≳100 μm are strongly settled toward the midplane. Further analyses of these observations, and similar ones of other edge-on disks, will provide strong empirical constraints on disk dynamics and evolution and grain growth models. In addition, the 7.7 and 12. μm JWST images reveal an X-shaped feature located above the warm molecular layer traced by CO line emission. The highest elevations at which this feature is detectable roughly match the maximal extent of the disk in visible wavelength scattered light as well as of an unusual kinematic signature in CO. We propose that these phenomena could be related to a disk wind entraining small dust grains.
Taking Titan’s Boreal Pole Temperature: Evidence for Evaporative Cooling in Ligeia Mare
Authors: Sultana R. E. , Le Gall A. , Tokano T. , Bonnefoy L. E. , Coutelier M. , Lorenz R. D.
Published: January 2024

From 2004 to 2017, the Cassini RADAR recorded the 2.2 cm thermal emission from Titan’s surface in its passive (radiometry) mode of operation. We use this data set to investigate the seasonal evolution of the effective temperature sensed by the microwave radiometer in two regions in the northern pole of the satellite: the sea Ligeia Mare, and its nearby solid terrains. We find that despite the arrival of summer at the end of the mission, the effective temperature of Ligeia Mare decreased by almost 1 K, while that of the solid region slowly increased until 2017 by 1.4 ± 0.3 K. These observations, as well as the lag in summer warming observed by Cassini’s Composite Infrared Spectrometer, can be explained by evaporative cooling in both the solid and liquid surfaces after the vernal equinox. It therefore supports the idea that the northern polar terrains are wet. Using an ocean circulation model, we show that the cooling of the sea surface should initiate convection in the sea’s interior, ultimately cooling the whole liquid column sensed by the Cassini radiometer and thus decreasing the temperature at depths even long after the evaporation period has ceased. Overall, this work highlights the key role of methane hydrology in controlling the surface and submarine temperatures in the boreal polar regions of Titan.
Apache Point Observatory (APO)/SMARTS Flare Star Campaign Observations. I. Blue Wing Asymmetries in Chromospheric Lines during Mid-M-Dwarf Flares from Simultaneous Spectroscopic and Photometric Observation Data
Authors: Notsu Yuta , Kowalski Adam F. , Maehara Hiroyuki , Namekata Kosuke , Hamaguchi Kenji , Enoto Teruaki , Tristan Isaiah I. , Hawley Suzanne L. , Davenport James R. A. , Honda Satoshi , Ikuta Kai , Inoue Shun , Namizaki Keiichi , Nogami Daisaku , Shibata Kazunari
Published: January 2024

We conducted the time-resolved simultaneous optical spectroscopic and photometric observations of mid-M-dwarf flare stars YZ CMi, EV Lac, and AD Leo. Spectroscopic observations were obtained using Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m and Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System 1.5 m telescopes during 31 nights. Among the 41 detected flares, seven flares showed clear blue wing asymmetries in the Hα line, with various correspondences in flare properties. The duration of the blue wing asymmetries range from 20 minutes to 2.5 hr, including a flare showing the shift from blue to red wing asymmetry. Blue wing asymmetries can be observed during both white-light and candidate non-white-light flares. All of the seven flares showed blue wing asymmetries also in the Hβ line, but there are large varieties on which other chromospheric lines showed blue wing asymmetries. One among the 7 flares was also observed with soft X-ray spectroscopy, which enabled us to estimate the flare magnetic field and length of the flare loop. The line-of-sight velocities of the blueshifted components range from –73 to –122 km s−1. Assuming that the blueshifts were caused by prominence eruptions, the mass of upward-moving plasma was estimated to be 1015–1019 g, which are roughly on the relation between flare energy and erupting mass expected from solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Although further investigations are necessary for understanding the observed various properties, these possible prominence eruptions on M-dwarfs could evolve into CMEs, assuming the similar acceleration mechanism with solar eruptions.
An Updated Modular Set of Synthetic Spectral Energy Distributions for Young Stellar Objects
Authors: Richardson Theo , Ginsburg Adam , Indebetouw Rémy , Robitaille Thomas P.
Published: January 2024

Measured properties of young stellar objects (YSOs) are key tools for research into pre-main-sequence stellar evolution. YSO properties are commonly measured by comparing observed radiation to existing grids of template YSO spectral energy distributions (SEDs) calculated by radiative transfer. These grids are often sampled and constructed using simple models of mass assembly/accretion over time. However, because we do not yet have a complete theory of star formation, the choice of model sets the tracked parameters and range of allowed values. By construction, then, the assumed model limits the measurements that can be made using the grid. Radiative transfer models not constrained by specific accretion histories would enable assessment of a wider range of theories. We present an updated version of the Robitaille set (2017) of YSO SEDs, a collection of models with no assumed evolutionary theory. We outline our newly calculated properties: envelope mass, weighted-average dust temperature, disk stability, and circumstellar A
V. We also convolve the SEDs with new filters, including JWST, and provide users the ability to perform additional convolutions. We find a correlation between the average temperature and millimeter-wavelength brightness of optically thin dust in our models and discuss its ramifications for mass measurements of pre- and protostellar cores. We also compare the positions of YSOs of different observational classes and evolutionary stages in IR color space and use our models to quantify the extent to which class and stage may be confused due to observational effects. Our updated models are released to the public.
JWST MIRI/Medium Resolution Spectrograph (MRS) Observations and Spectral Models of the Underluminous Type Ia Supernova 2022xkq
Authors: DerKacy J. M. , Ashall C. , Hoeflich P. , Baron E. , Shahbandeh M. , Shappee B. J. , Andrews J. , Baade D. , Balangan E. F , Bostroem K. A. , Brown P. J. , Burns C. R. , Burrow A. , Cikota A. , de Jaeger T. , Do A. , Dong Y. , Dominguez I. , Fox O. , Galbany L. , Hoang E. T. , Hsiao E. Y. , Janzen D. , Jencson J. E. , Krisciunas K. , Kumar S. , Lu J. , Lundquist M. , Mera Evans T. B. , Maund J. R. , Mazzali P. , Medler K. , Meza Retamal N. E. , Morrell N. , Patat F. , Pearson J. , Phillips M. M. , Shrestha M. , Stangl S. , Stevens C. P. , Stritzinger M. D. , Suntzeff N. B. , Telesco C. M. , Tucker M. A. , Valenti S. , Wang L. , Yang Y.
Published: January 2024

We present a JWST mid-infrared (MIR) spectrum of the underluminous Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia) 2022xkq, obtained with the medium-resolution spectrometer on the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) ∼130 days post-explosion. We identify the first MIR lines beyond 14μm in SN Ia observations. We find features unique to underluminous SNe Ia, including the following: isolated emission of stable Ni, strong blends of [Tiii], and large ratios of singly ionized to doubly ionized species in both [Ar] and [Co]. Comparisons to normal-luminosity SNe Ia spectra at similar phases show a tentative trend between the width of the [Coiii] 11.888μm feature and the SN light-curve shape. Using non-LTE-multi-dimensional radiation hydro simulations and the observed electron capture elements, we constrain the mass of the exploding WD. The best-fitting model shows that SN 2022xkq is consistent with an off-center delayed-detonation explosion of a near-Chandrasekhar mass WD (MWD≈1.37M⊙) of high central density (ρc≥ 2.0 × 109g cm−3) seen equator-on, which producedM(56Ni) =0.324M⊙andM(58Ni) ≥0.06M⊙. The observed line widths are consistent with the overall abundance distribution; and the narrow stable Ni lines indicate little to no mixing in the central regions, favoring central ignition of subsonic carbon burning followed by an off-center deflagration-to-detonation transition beginning at a single point. Additional observations may further constrain the physics revealing the presence of additional species including Cr and Mn. Our work demonstrates the power of using the full coverage of MIRI in combination with detailed modeling to elucidate the physics of SNe Ia at a level not previously possible.
Toward the IR Detection of Carbonic Acid: Absorption and Emission Spectra
Authors: Fortenberry Ryan C. , Esposito Vincent J.
Published: January 2024

With the recent radioastronomical detection of cis-trans-carbonic acid (H2CO3) in a molecular cloud toward the Galactic center, the more stable but currently unobserved cis-cis conformer is shown here to have strong IR features. While the higher-energy cis-trans-carbonic acid was detected at millimeter and centimeter wavelengths, owing to its larger dipole moment, the vibrational structure of cis-cis-carbonic acid is more amenable to its observation at micron wavelengths. Even so, both conformers have relatively large IR intensities, and some of these fall in regions not dominated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Water features may inhibit observation near the 2.75 μm hydride stretches, but other vibrational fundamentals and even overtones in the 5.5–6.0 μm range may be discernible with JWST data. This work has employed high-level, accurately benchmarked quantum chemical anharmonic procedures to compute exceptionally accurate rotational spectroscopic data compared to experiment. Such performance implies that the IR absorption and even cascade emission spectral features computed in this work should be accurate and will provide the needed reference for observation of either carbonic acid conformer in various astronomical environments.
What is the Reynolds Number of the Solar Wind?
Authors: Wrench Daniel , Parashar Tulasi N. , Oughton Sean , de Lange Kevin , Frean Marcus
Published: January 2024

The Reynolds number, Re, is an important quantity for describing a turbulent flow. It tells us about the bandwidth over which energy can cascade from large scales to smaller ones, prior to the onset of dissipation. However, calculating it for nearly collisionless plasmas like the solar wind is challenging. Previous studies have used formulations of an “effective” Reynolds number, expressing Re as a function of the correlation scale and either the Taylor scale or a proxy for the dissipation scale. We find that the Taylor scale definition of the Reynolds number has a sizable prefactor of approximately 27, which has not been employed in previous works. Drawing from 18 years of data from the Wind spacecraft at 1 au, we calculate the magnetic Taylor scale directly and use both the ion inertial length and the magnetic spectrum break scale as approximations for the dissipation scale, yielding three distinct Re estimates for each 12 hr interval. Average values of Re range between 116,000 and 3,406,000 within the general distribution of past work. We also find considerable disagreement between the methods, with linear associations of between 0.38 and 0.72. Although the Taylor scale method is arguably more physically motivated, due to its dependence on the energy cascade rate, more theoretical work is needed in order to identify the most appropriate way of calculating effective Reynolds numbers for kinetic plasmas. As a summary of our observational analysis, we make available a data product of 28 years of 1 au solar wind and magnetospheric plasma measurements from Wind.
Field studies of the ecological impacts of invasive plants in Europe
Authors: Vilà Montserrat , Trillo Alejandro , Castro-Díez Pilar , Gallardo Belinda , Bacher Sven
Published: January 2024

The impacts of invasive species can vary widely across invaded sites and depend on the ecological variable of study. In this paper, we describe the first harmonised database that compiles scientific evidence of the ecological impacts of invasive plant species at continental scale. We summarise results from 266 publications reporting 4259 field studies on 104 invasive species in 29 European countries. For each study, we recorded whether the effects were statistically significant and noted their direction (i.e. decrease or increase in the response variable when compared to uninvaded sites). We classified studies, based on the impacts on the levels of ecological organisation (species, communities and ecosystems), taxa and trophic level. More than half of the studies were conducted in temperate and boreal forests and woodlands and temperate grasslands. Notably, one third of the studies focused on just five invasive species. Most studies were on native species followed by studies on communities. Impacts on plants were more frequently studied than impacts on other taxa and trophic groups. Overall, 43% of the studies reported significant impacts, with more significant decreases (26%) than increases (17%) in the response variables. Significant impacts were more frequent on species and communities than on ecosystems; and on plants than on animals or microbes. This database is of interest for academic, management and policy-related purposes.
Preparation and evaluation of biological activity of ZSM-5 nanoparticles loaded with gefitinib for the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Al-Sahlawi Farah , Al-Ani Israa , El-Tanani Mohamed , Farooq Hafiz Aadil
Published: January 2024

Background: Gefitinib (GEF) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has proven good efficacy against Non-small cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC). It has low solubility and dissolution rate and low oral bioavailability. This work aimed to improve efficacy by loading on ZSM-5 silica nanoparticles and testing the prepared delivery system on A-549 lung cancer cells.

Methods: ZSM-5 was synthesized in the laboratory and different methods of loading GEF on the nanoparticles were used, then the system was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transport Infra-Red (FTIR), and drug release and dissolution.

Results and conclusion: GEF-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) showed prolonged release of GEF over 12 hours with an improved biological efficacy expressed by the decrease in IC50 compared to free GEF (P < 0.001) using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Also, there was a significant decrease in migration and colony formation ability of the GEF-loaded NPs on A-549 lung cancer cells. In conclusion, loading GEF onto ZSM-5 NPs resulted in a lower IC50 and improved biological action toward A-549 cells.
Prognostic Significance Of Sequential 18f-fdg Pet/Ct During Frontline Treatment Of Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Song Ga-Young , Jung Sung-Hoon , Ahn Seo-Yeon , Kim Mihee , Ahn Jae-Sook , Lee Je-Jung , Kim Hyeoung-Joon , Moon Jang Bae , Yoo Su Woong , Kwon Seong Young , Min Jung-Joon , Bom Hee-Seung , Kang Sae-Ryung , Yang Deok-Hwan
Published: January 2024

Background/Aims: The prognostic significance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) in peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are controversial. We explored the prognostic impact of sequential 18F-FDG PET/CT during frontline chemotherapy of patients with PTCLs.Methods: In total, 143 patients with newly diagnosed PTCLs were included. Sequential 18F-FDG PET/CTs were performed at the time of diagnosis, during chemotherapy, and at the end of chemotherapy. The baseline total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) was calculated using the the standard uptake value with a threshold method of 2.5.Results: A baseline TMTV of 457.0 cm3 was used to categorize patients into high and low TMTV groups. Patients with a requirehigh TMTV had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with a low TMTV (PFS, 9.8 vs. 26.5 mo, p = 0.043; OS, 18.9 vs. 71.2 mo, p = 0.004). The interim 18F-FDG PET/CT response score was recorded as 1, 2–3, and 4–5 according to the Deauville criteria. The PFS and OS showed significant differences according to the interim 18F-FDG PET/CT response score (PFS, 120.7 vs. 34.1 vs. 5.1 mo, p < 0.001; OS, not reached vs. 61.1 mo vs. 12.1 mo, p < 0.001).Conclusions: The interim PET/CT response based on visual assessment predicts disease progression and survival outcome in PTCLs. A high baseline TMTV is associated with a poor response to anthracycline-based chemotherapy in PTCLs. However, TMTV was not an independent predictor for PFS in the multivariate analysis.
Management of Icteric Vitreous, Retinal Opacification, and Atypical Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Meyer Carlotta , Moshfeghi Darius M.
Published: January 2024

A dichorionic, diamniotic twin born at 24-0/7 weeks and 740 g developed hyperbilirubinemia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis. Photographic imaging documented vitreous opacification, which was absent in the fellow twin. Retinal opacification was presumed secondary to embolic sepsis and responded to systemic antibiotics. Subsequent dropout of vascularized retina corresponded to areas of retinal opacification. Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)–Zone I, Stage 3 ROP bilateral–demonstrated a rapid and durable response to off-label intravitreal bevacizumab 0.625 mg. Retinal opacification resolved between 39 and 40 weeks postmenstrual age. Systemic comorbidities may alter the appearance, course, and management of ROP.

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Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2024;55:164–167.]
An Erdélyi-Kober fractional coupled system: Existence of positive solutions
Authors: Zhao Mengjiao , Yang Chen
Published: January 2024

This paper studies an Erdélyi-Kober fractional coupled system where the variable is in an infinite interval, and the existence of positive solutions is considered. We first give proper conditions and then use the Guo-Krasnosel'skii fixed point theorem to discuss our problem in a special Banach space. The monotone iterative technique and the existence results of positive solutions for this system are established naturally. To show the plausibility of our main results, several concrete examples are given at the end.
Research on performance evaluation of higher vocational education informatization based on data envelopment analysis
Authors: Khrapatyi Sergii , Tokarieva Kseniia , Hlushchenko Olena , Paramonova Oleksandra , Lvova Ielyzaveta
Published: January 2024

This article highlights the multifaceted role of AI in modern education and offers insights into innovative ways to revolutionize educational practices through AI technologies. Since this article provides comprehension of the scope and depth of AI's impact on the education sphere, it appeals to a diverse readership, encompassing educators, policymakers, researchers, and the general public. This article explores key issues within the domain of AI in education, including personalized learning, AI-driven assessments, data analytics, and the integration of AI into learning management systems. The article highlights promises, potentials, and challenges accompanying this technological advancement. The authors emphasize the need for a balanced and informed approach to using AI to enhance the education system.
Programmatic Pieces Turned into a Ballet Score: The Music for the Ballet The Taming of the Shrew Choreoggraphed by László Seregi
Authors: Fedoszov Júlia
Published: January 2024

The Hungarian choreographer László Seregi created a ballet based on William Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew in 1994. He and his musician colleagues used excerpts from eleven orchestral pieces by Carl Goldmark, cut and pasted together to fit perfectly the play as told through dance. I argue that although the ballet score does not convey the composer’s original intentions, its authenticity as a successful theatrical piece is unquestionable.
Mobile Recommendation System to Provide Emotional Support and Promote Active Aging for Older Adults in the Republic of Panama
Authors: Navarro Nila , Cedeno-Moreno Denis , Lopez Victor , Matus Ericka , Núñez Ivonne , Concepción Dimas H.
Published: January 2024

Aging brings with it physical and cognitive changes that can lead to health problems such as chronic disease and cognitive impairment. Technology is a fundamental ally in improving the quality of life of older adults by enabling accurate and early diagnosis. In this context, we present a mobile application designed to provide emotional support and guidance, thus contributing to the well-being of this demographic group. Our study was based on quantitative research methods, using an experimental approach on a sample of users aged between 60 and 80 years. The results showed that 93.3% of users found the app to be a useful resource for adopting a healthier lifestyle. The app provides specific recommendations, such as breathing exercises to reduce anxiety, recreational activities, exercises tailored to physical ability, and meditation practices. These specific features have been shown to improve the well-being of older adults by providing a personalized approach to the challenges of aging.
Validating the Critical Teaching Behaviors Midterm Feedback Instrument for enhanced teaching effectiveness and student engagement
Authors: Happel Claudia Cornejo , Rohrbacher Chad , Cooks Teha , Korentsides Jenna , Keebler Joseph R. , Van Ommen Carmen , Williams Kimberly N. , Barbeau Lauren
Published: January 2024

This study, conducted at a private STEM university in the Southeastern United States, presents a series of qualitative and quantitative data validating the Critical Teaching Behaviors Midterm Feedback Instrument (CTB-MFI). The instrument’s validity and reliability were tested through a mixed-methods approach involving faculty surveys, statistical analyses, and a student experience survey and focus groups. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) suggests that the CTB-MFI model has excellent fit across multiple indicators, as well as excellent convergent validity. However, low discriminant validity indicates possible correlations between categories of critical teaching behaviors. Data further show that faculty and students perceive the instrument as valuable and easy to use: the CTB-MFI offers insightful midterm feedback, leading to improved teaching quality and student learning experiences. The CTB-MFI supports flexible use across various disciplines and provides a shared framework and language for discussing teaching effectiveness. This research offers valuable implications for educators, administrators, and researchers interested in improving learning outcomes and diversifying approaches to evaluating teaching effectiveness.
Faire avec et sans les machines au quotidien : trajectoires post-soviétiques au Tadjikistan
Authors: Blondin Suzy
Published: January 2024

La période postsoviétique s’est accompagnée au Tadjikistan d’une dégradation des services publics, infrastructures et machines. Cette dégradation s’est notamment traduite par une marginalisation de certaines régions comme celle du Haut-Badakhchan et par l’émergence de difficultés socioéconomiques entrainant une forte émigration. En se basant sur une étude ethnographique longue dans la région, cet article propose d’explorer la façon dont certaines machines soviétiques, surtout les véhicules, ont fait irruption dans la vie des habitant·e·s du Haut-Badakhchan, et la façon dont leur dégradation ou absence a entrainé difficultés quotidiennes, reconfigurations territoriales et nouvelles stratégies de mobilités. Pour réfléchir à ces questions, sont mobilisés ici des travaux ethnographiques et historiques sur la région, des études sur la transition postsoviétique et des réflexions théoriques sur les mobilités et notamment autour du concept de mobility justice.
An exceptional case of a textile bag from the Atlantic 2 Late Bronze Age hoard at Hellez, Saint-Ygeaux (Côtes-d’Armor)
Authors: Fily Muriel , Mélin Muriel , Gendrot Véronique , Levillayer Axel , Bardel Véronique
Published: January 2024

Asbtract. The Hellez metal hoard was discovered at Saint-Ygeaux, in the Côtes-d’Armor region of Brittany. The excavation of the hoard area provided a rare opportunity to make in situ observations. This article presents a detailed typological study, as well as microwear observations and a textile study. Fifty metal fragments were brought to light, some of which were still preserved in a bitronconic ceramic vessel. At the bottom of the vessel, thirteen small bronze fragments were found grouped together in a small linen bag closed with a herbaceous sprig. These objects appear to have been used as weights. Based on its composition, the hoard is clearly attributable to the Atlantic 2 Late Bronze Age (swords with tripartite tongues and grooved blades, spearheads with short sockets, massive palstave axes with no central rib). Certain typological characteristics also point to a recent phase of BFa 2, in particular the features of an almost complete sword. These observations are confirmed by the absolute dating of the vegetable fibres of the bag, in the following interval: 1056-917 cal BC.
Parodies, mèmes et détournements humoristiques du conte : une pratique transmédia ?
Authors: Saouli Yasmine
Published: January 2024

L’objectif de cet article est de mettre en évidence la culture participative des Fans des contes où nous démontrerons comment les pratiques transmédiatiques permettraient aux internautes, par le biais de l’humour, de revisiter le conte de fées sur différentes plateformes sociales et supports numériques. Nous nous concentrerons sur les différentes productions (mèmes, parodies et détournements humoristiques) et comment elles peuvent redonner vie à ce genre traditionnel venu du fond des âges.
AI and Machine Learning in Smart Education
Authors: Goel Pawan Kumar , Singhal Amit , Bhadoria Shailendra Singh , Saraswat Birendra Kumar , Patel Arvind
Published: January 2024

This chapter explores the applications, benefits, and challenges of integrating AI and ML in smart education, focusing on how these technologies can enhance learning experiences, personalize education, and improve learning outcomes. It also addresses ethical and privacy concerns, highlighting the need for robust policies and guidelines to mitigate them and protect students' rights. AI and ML can enable personalized learning experiences, tailor content, delivery, and assessment to individual needs, and support competency-based education. However, the chapter acknowledges the challenges of privacy, security, algorithmic biases, teacher training, and ethical implications. By embracing these recommendations, educators and policymakers can harness the full potential of AI and ML technologies in creating a smarter and more effective educational environment.
Artificial Intelligence for Monitoring Agricultural Essentials
Authors: Sharma Sheelesh Kumar
Published: January 2024

In this chapter, the authors explore the role of AI in monitoring agricultural essentials, such as soil health, water management, and crop diseases. They delve into the various applications and benefits of AI in monitoring agricultural essentials. Through the integration of weather forecasts, soil moisture sensors, and machine learning algorithms, AI systems can determine the precise water requirements of crops in real-time. AI-based monitoring systems equipped with sensors and cameras can detect pest activity and provide real-time alerts to farmers. By harnessing the power of AI-driven monitoring systems, farmers can access real-time data, make informed decisions, and optimize resource allocation for sustainable agriculture. The applications discussed in this chapter, including soil health monitoring, precision water management, crop disease detection, pest monitoring, and yield prediction, highlight the transformative potential of AI in the agricultural sector.
Skill Sets Required to Meet a Human-Centered Industry 5.0
Authors: Suganya G. , Joshua Selvakumar J. , Varadharajan P. , Pachiyappan Sathish
Published: January 2024

The first industrial revolution, known as Industry 1.0, was primarily concerned with mechanical engineering and water and steam. Electric power systems and mass production assembly lines were established during the second industrial revolution (Industry 2.0). The third industrial revolution (Industry 3.0) was defined as automatic manufacturing and the incorporation of electronics, computers, and information technology into manufacturing. The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) is automating business operations and advancing manufacturing to a level based on connected devices, smart factories, cyber-physical systems (CPS), and the internet of things (IoT), where machines will change how they interact with one another and carry out specific tasks. Industry 5.0, with all modern technologies, is aimed to be a harmonious balance between human and machine interaction, and has an emphasis on sustainable growth. The present study uses an interpretive-qualitative research method to review the skill sets required to meet a human-centered Industry 5.0.
Paving the Path to a Sustainable Digital Future With Green Cloud Computing
Authors: Kalinaki Kassim , Abdullatif Musau , Nasser Sempala Abdul-Karim , Nsubuga Ronald , Kugonza Julius
Published: January 2024

Amidst an era marked by a relentless surge in digital data and computational demands, the imperative for eco-conscious and sustainable computing solutions has reached unprecedented significance. This study delves into the emerging realm of green cloud computing (GCC), a pivotal catalyst in cultivating a greener digital tomorrow. To nurture a sustainable digital frontier, this research investigates various GCC strategies encompassing efficient data center designs, resource optimization techniques, and innovative virtualization practices. Additionally, the authors scrutinize real-world instances of industry leaders embracing sustainable energy sources. Furthermore, they shed light on the obstacles within eco-friendly cloud computing while illuminating forthcoming trends for the triumphant integration of sustainable and eco-friendly technologies. This study offers profound insights for researchers, students, and stakeholders alike.
Edge Computing Empowering Distributed Computing at the Edge
Authors: Raghav Yogita Yashveer , Kait Ramesh
Published: January 2024

Edge computing is a revolutionary approach that enables processing and decision-making in close proximity to data sources, reducing latency and optimizing bandwidth usage. This paradigm involves various components such as edge devices, servers, and networks, integrating sensors, actuators, and IoT devices with real-time analysis enabled by edge processing units and containerization technologies. Edge networks, facilitated by edge routers and gateways and diverse communication protocols, ensure seamless data flow. Network edge computing (NEC) further minimizes latency and supports critical network functions. In conclusion, edge computing is reshaping the computing landscape, fostering innovation across industries. The chapter also addresses challenges, potential solutions, and promising trends for future research.
Cloud Computing Platforms
Authors: Peddireddy Kiran
Published: January 2024

The advent of cloud computing has dramatically transformed our perceptions of IT infrastructure, software rollouts, and the scaling of services. As the cloud's prominence has risen, organizations can now sidestep hefty investments in tangible hardware and sideline extensive capacity planning concerns. This chapter embarks on a journey through the predominant platforms of cloud computing, exploring their distinct features, and guiding on the selection process tailored to individual requirements. The emergence of cloud technology has ushered in a new era in how we approach IT infrastructures, software implementations, and the expansion of services. With cloud computing taking center stage, companies are relieved from sinking large sums into on-premises hardware and are granted more flexibility in their resource allocation strategies. This chapter sheds light on the leading cloud computing ecosystems, their characteristic advantages, and offers insights into making an informed choice that aligns with specific needs.