bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An approach for constructing one-point iterative methods for solving nonlinear equations of one variable
Authors: Громов А.Н.
Published: August 2021

Предложен подход к построению одноточечных итерационных методов для решения нелинейных уравнений одного переменного. Подход основан на использовании понятия полюса в качестве особой точки и на применении критерия сходимости Коши. Показано, что такой подход приводит к новым итерационным процессам высшего порядка, которые имеют более широкую область сходимости по сравнению с известными методами. Доказаны теоремы сходимости и получены оценки скорости сходимости. Для многочленов, имеющих только действительные корни, итерационный процесс сходится для любого начального приближения. В общем случае для действительных корней трансцендентных уравнений сходимость имеет место при выборе начального приближения в окрестности корня.

An approach for constructing one-point iterative methods for solving nonlinear equations of one variable is proposed. This approach is based on the concept of a pole as a singular point and on using Cauchy's convergence criterion. It is shown that such an approach leads to new iterative processes of higher order with larger convergence domains compared to the known iterative methods. Convergence theorems are proved and convergence rate estimates are obtained. For polynomials having only real roots, the iterative process converges for any initial approximation to the sought root. Generally, in the case of real roots of transcendental equations, the convergence takes place when an initial approximation is chosen near the sought root.
Formation of hydrate particles in the process of gas bubble rising
Authors: Нурисламов О.Р. , Лепихин С.А. , Галимзянов М.Н.
Published: August 2021

Предложена теоретическая модель процесса миграции метановых пузырьков в воде при термобарических условиях образования гидрата. Указана возможность двух режимов образования гидратной частицы в зависимости от начальной глубины всплытия. Выведена формула зависимости пористости гидратной частицы от начальной глубины всплытия пузырька. Учтен тот факт, что гидратная оболочка растет вовнутрь по границе контакта газа и воды, поступающей снаружи через поры. Проведен анализ влияния начальных размеров и начальный глубины зарождения газовых пузырьков на динамику процесса гидратообразования. Исследовано влияние на процесс гидратообразования различных глубин, на которых расположены газовые источники: 500, 800, 1000 и 1500 м.

A theoretical model for the process of methane bubble migration in water under the thermobaric conditions of hydrate formation is proposed. It is shown that two modes of hydrate particle formation are possible depending on the initial depth of bubble rising. A formula relating the hydrate particle porosity on this initial depth is derived. It is taken into account that the hydration shell grows inward along the contact surface between the gas and water penetrating through the pores. The effect of the initial size and depth of bubble formation on the dynamics of the hydrate formation process is analyzed. The dynamics of the hydrate formation process is studied for the following depths of gas sources: 500, 800, 1000, and 1500 m.
A parallel implementation of the matrix cross approximation method
Authors: Желтков Д.А. , Тыртышников Е.Е.
Published: August 2021

Матричный крестовый метод является быстрым методом аппроксимации матриц матрицами малого ранга, его
сложность составляет $O((m+n)r^2)$ операций. Важной особенностью является то, что если матрица задана не как хранящийся в памяти массив, а как функция от двух целочисленных аргументов, то можно найти еe малоранговое
приближение, вычислив лишь $O((m+n)r)$ значений этой функции. Однако в случае сверхбольших размеров матрицы или крайней затратности вычисления еe элементов аппроксимация может занимать существенное время.
Ускорить метод для подобных случаев можно с помощью параллельных алгоритмов. В настоящей статье предложен эффективный параллельный алгоритм для случая одинаковой сложности вычисления любого элемента матрицы.

The matrix cross approximation method is a fast method based on low-rank matrix approximations with complexity $O((m+n)r^2)$ arithmetic operations. Its main feature consists in the following: if a matrix is not given as an array but is given as a function of two integer arguments, then this method allows one to compute the low-rank approximation of the given matrix by evaluating only $O((m+n)r)$ values of this function. However, if the matrix is extremely large or the evaluation of its elements is computationally expensive, then such an approximation becomes timeconsuming. For such cases, the performance of the method can be improved via parallelization. In this paper we propose an efficient parallel algorithm for the case of an equal computational cost for the evaluation of each matrix element.
Iterative methods for solving inverse problems of ultrasonic tomography
Authors: Гончарский А.В. , Романов С.Ю.
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена строгому математическому обоснованию итерационных методов решения обратных задач ультразвуковой томографии. Обратные задачи ультразвуковой томографии рассматриваются в рамках скалярной модели волнового уравнения. Эта модель учитывает такие волновые эффекты, как дифракция, рефракция и др. Обратная задача рассматривается как коэффициентная обратная задача. На строгом математическом уровне получено представление для производной Фреше функционала невязки по скорости распространения волн $с(r)$, которая характеризует неоднородную структуру объекта. Представление для производной Фреше получено как для двумерных задач, так и в трехмерном случае. Используя полученное представление для производной Фреше, авторы статьи предлагают для решения обратной задачи использовать градиентные методы минимизации функционала невязки. Предложенная в статье итерационная процедура допускает высокий уровень распараллеливания на суперкомпьютере.

This paper is dedicated to rigorous mathematical substantiation of iterative methods for solving inverse problems of ultrasonic tomography. These inverse problems are considered in the framework of a scalar model for the wave equation. This model takes into account such wave effects as diffraction, refraction, etc. The inverse problem is considered as a coefficient inverse problem. A rigorous mathematical representation is given for the Frechet derivative of the residual functional with respect to the wave velocity $с(r)$ characterizing a nonuniform structure of the object under study. The representation for the Frechet derivative is obtained both for the two-dimensional problems and for the three-dimensional case. It is suggested that the inverse problem can be solved using this representation of the Frechet derivative together with the gradient methods of minimization for the residual functional. The proposed iterative procedure is highly parallelizable and implementable on supercomputers.
Three-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma simulation on Intel Xeon Phi: performance optimization and case study
Authors: Мееров И.Б. , Бастраков С.И. , Сурмин И.А. , Гоносков А.А. , Ефименко Е.С. , Башинов А.В. , Коржиманов А.В. , Ларин А.В. , Муравьев А.А. , Розанов А.И. , Савичев М.Р.
Published: August 2021

Рассматривается проблема эффективного использования ускорителей Xeon Phi при моделировании лазерной плазмы. Приводится анализ особенностей архитектуры Xeon Phi, влияющих на производительность кода при численном моделировании плазмы методом частиц в ячейках. Описывается параллельный программный комплекс PICADOR, оптимизированный ранее для расчетов на ускорителях. Производительность программного комплекса на Xeon Phi в сравнении с CPU исследуется при решении трех вычислительно трудоемких задач. Обсуждается соотношение времени расчета на Xeon Phi и CPU на разных этапах метода частиц в ячейках. Демонстрируется, что в зависимости от особенностей задачи Xeon Phi может как опережать, так и отставать
от CPU при выполнении расчетов.

An efficient application of computational systems equipped with Intel Xeon Phi coprocessors for the laser-plasma simulation is considered. The features of Xeon Phi architecture that influence the performance of Particle-in-Cell plasma
simulation are analyzed. The PICADOR parallel plasma simulation code previously optimized for Xeon Phi is described. Its performance on Xeon Phi compared to CPU is studied on three computationally intensive plasma simulation problems. The ratio of computational time on Xeon Phi to CPU is discussed for the main stages of the Particle-in-Cell method. It is shown that, depending on the features of a physical problem, the use of Xeon Phi can be both advantageous and disadvantageous compared to CPU.
Технологии распараллеливания решения трехмерных краевых задач на квазиструктурированных сетках в гибридной вычислительной среде CPU+GPU
Authors: Волохов В.М. , Мартыненко С.И. , Токталиев П.Д. , Яновский Л.С. , Волохов А.В.
Published: August 2021

Рассмотрены новые подходы к построению высокоэффективных параллельных алгоритмов для численного решения краевых задач. В качестве базового алгоритма выбрана универсальная многосеточная технология - односеточный вариант метода Зейделя, позволяющий решать широкий класс прикладных задач с вычислительными затратами, близкими к оптимальным. Исследованы два подхода к распараллеливанию вычислений, основанные на комбинированном и чисто геометрическом построении предобусловливателя. Показаны преимущества данных подходов по сравнению с традиционными методами построения параллельных алгоритмов и получены оценки эффективности параллелизма.

New approaches to the development of highly efficient parallel algorithms for numerical solution of boundary value problems are considered. The previously proposed robust multigrid technique (a single grid version of the Seidel method for solving a large class of applied problems with close-to-optimal computational efforts) is taken as a basic algorithm. Two approaches for the parallelization of computations based on combined and purely geometric preconditioning are studied. Advantages of these approaches compared to traditional methods of constructing parallel algorithms are shown. Several estimates for the parallelism efficiency are proposed.
Implementation of a parallel algorithm for searching the global extremum of a function on Intel Xeon Phi
Authors: Баркалов К.А. , Лебедев И.Г. , Соврасов В.В. , Сысоев А.В.
Published: August 2021

Предложен параллельный алгоритм решения задач многоэкстремальной оптимизации. Описывается реализация алгоритма на современных вычислительных системах с использованием сопроцессора Xeon Phi. Обсуждаются два подхода к распараллеливанию алгоритма, учитывающие информацию о трудоемкости вычисления значений оптимизируемой функции. Приводятся результаты вычислительных экспериментов, полученные на суперкомпьютере "Лобачевский". Показано, что реализация для Xeon Phi опережает версию для CPU. Результаты подтверждают ускорение алгоритма с использованием Xeon Phi по сравнению с алгоритмом, реализованным только на CPU.

A parallel algorithm for solving multiextremal optimization problems is proposed. An implementation of the algorithm on modern computing systems using Intel Xeon Phi coprocessors is examined. Two approaches to algorithm parallelization are discussed with consideration of the available information on the computational cost for computing a given objective function. A number of numerical results obtained on a Lobachevsky supercomputer are analyzed. It is shown that the implementation of the algorithm using Xeon Phi is more efficient than that using CPU only. Computational experiments confirm this conclusion.
Analysis and optimization of a $k$-chain reduction algorithm for distributed computer systems
Authors: Курносов М.Г.
Published: August 2021

В модели параллельных вычислений LogP построено аналитическое выражение времени выполнения алгоритма $k$ параллельных цепочек для реализации корневой редукции на распределенных вычислительных системах (ВС). По построенной функциональной зависимости найдено оптимальное значение числа $k$ параллельных цепочек, при котором алгоритм характеризуется минимальным в модели LogP временем выполнения. На основе этого создан алгоритм с оптимальным числом параллельных цепочек. Для сокращения времени ожидания корневым процессом результатов частичных редукций разработан алгоритм с адаптивным числом параллельных цепочек. Зависимость времени выполнения созданных алгоритмов от числа процессов имеет порядок роста $O(\sqrt{P})$, что эффективнее по сравнению с линейным $\Omega(P)$ временем выполнения исходного алгоритма. Алгоритмы реализованы в стандарте MPI и исследованы на вычислительных кластерах с сетями связи стандарта InfiniBand QDR.

In the LogP model of parallel computing, an analytical expression of the $k$-chain algorithm's execution time is derived. The optimal value of $k$ in the LogP model is found. A new algorithm based on the optimal value of $k$ is developed. For the reduction of root process's waiting time, an algorithm with an adaptive number of chains is proposed. The dependence of the execution time of the proposed algorithm on the number of processes has a growth rate of O(sqrt(P)), which is more efficient compared to the linear running time of the original $k$-chain algorithm. The proposed algorithms are implemented in the MPI standard and studied on computer clusters with InfiniBand QDR networks.
Frequency dependence simulation of electromagnetic characteristics for saturated porous media
Authors: Лисицын Д.А. , Довгилович Л.Е.
Published: August 2021

Представлен метод, позволяющий проводить численное моделирование эффективных спектральных электромагнитных характеристик многокомпонентно насыщенных пористых сред. Приведены результаты применения этого метода к численным моделям пористых сред, распределение компонентов флюида в которых определяется путем прямого гидродинамического моделирования методом функционала плотности. Обсуждаются результаты моделирования частотной зависимости эффективной электрической проводимости и эффективной диэлектрической проницаемости модели пористой среды при различных величинах водонасыщенности модели
и при различных условиях смачиваемости материала породы. Проведено сравнение результатов для случаев без учета и с учетом частотной зависимости параметров одного из компонентов флюида. Выполнен анализ влияния соотношения между характеристиками компонентов системы на результаты моделирования.

A method to perform numerical simulations of effective spectral electromagnetic characteristics for porous media saturated with multicomponent fluid is proposed. This method is applied to numerical models of porous media whose fluid component distribution is determined by the direct hydrodynamic simulation using the density functional method. The numerical results obtained for the effective electrical conductivity and relative dielectric permittivity of porous media with various water saturation values and rock wettability are discussed. The results obtained with consideration of the frequency dependence of one of the fluid components and without considering such a dependence are compared. The effect of the relation between the electrical characteristics of components in the model on the effective parameters is analyzed.
Fluctuations of the turbulent diffusion coefficient in galaxy dynamo equations
Authors: Михайлов Е.А. , Пушкарев В.В.
Published: August 2021

При исследовании магнитных полей в галактиках с неоднородной средой {оказывается полезным} рассмотрение уравнений динамо со случайными коэффициентами. Эти уравнения описывают магнитные поля в галактиках с интенсивным звездообразованием, взрывами сверхновых и другими активными процессами, которые сильно меняют свойства межзвездной среды. Ранее были изучены уравнения, в которых стохастическими закономерностями описывается альфа-эффект. В настоящей статье исследована задача, в которой учтены
случайные флуктуации коэффициентов, отвечающих за турбулентную диффузию. Предложена модель, в
рамках которой соответствующий коэффициент на коротких промежутках времени принимает одно из двух значений с определенной вероятностью, после чего обновляется. Получены асимптотические оценки скорости роста решения. Эти оценки проверены и уточнены с помощью численного моделирования. Показано, что при определенном значении вероятности устойчивый рост магнитного поля сменяется затуханием. Продемонстрировано, что в указанной задаче присутствует явление перемежаемости: старшие статистические моменты решения растут быстрее младших. Изучено поведение магнитного поля в случае, если магнитное поле
описывается нелинейной модификацией уравнений динамо, что соответствует возникновению неоднородности в межзвездной среде уже после того, как магнитное поле вышло на стационарное значение.

When studying magnetic fields in galaxies with inhomogeneous media, it is reasonable to study dynamo equations with random coefficients. These equations are useful to describe magnetic fields in galaxies with intensive star formation, supernova explosions and other active processes that change the properties of interstellar media. Before we studied the equations where the alpha-effect coefficient is random. In this paper we study the problem where the turbulent diffusion coefficient has fluctuations. We propose a model where the coefficient takes one of two values with some probabilities on small time intervals and after that renews. We obtain estimates for the asymptotic rates of growth. These estimates are confirmed and improved by numerical simulation procedures. It is shown that for some probabilities the growth of the magnetic field is changed by decay. It is also shown that the intermittency phenomenon takes place in such equations: the higher momenta of the magnetic field grow faster than the lower ones. The magnetic field behavior is studied in the nonlinear case, which corresponds to the appearance of inhomogeneity in the interstellar medium after the instant when the magnetic field has reached the stationary state.
Surface roughness of thin film atomistic nanometer-size clusters
Authors: Григорьев Ф.В. , Сулимов В.Б. , Тихонравов А.В.
Published: August 2021

Предложен алгоритм расчета шероховатости поверхности тонких пленок, напыляемых в рамках численных экспериментов. Алгоритм применен к атомистическим кластерам диоксида кремния с характерным размером до 70 нм. Напыление пленки на подложку проводится с использованием метода, развитого ранее на основе классической молекулярной динамики с силовым полем DESIL, созданным специально для моделирования высокоэнергетических процессов напыления. Анализируется зависимость шероховатости от параметров алгоритма и от параметров
напыления - температуры подложки и энергии осаждаемых атомов кремния.

An algorithm of surface roughness calculation for the thin film atomistic clusters obtained in numerical experiments is proposed. The algorithm is applied to silicon dioxide films. The thickness of deposited films is up to 70 nm. The deposition process simulation is performed using the classical molecular dynamics method with the DESIL force field developed earlier specially for high-energy deposition simulation. The dependence of surface roughness on the algorithm parameters, the temperature of the substrate, and the energy of deposited silicon atoms is studied.
Governing of Village Fund in South Sulawesi
Authors: Dunakhir Samirah , Idrus Mukhammad
Published: August 2021

This study aims to contribute to the development of a village fund management model in South Sulawesi. To achieve the research objectives, data collection was carried out by collecting secondary data and conducting follow-up interviews in sample villages in South Sulawesi. The analysis data that used was the descriptive qualitative analysis. The results showed that the stages in managing village funds in several villages in South Sulawesi Province had generally been carried out well. However, several obstacles are still faced by implementers in the village. Communication is one of them. Another factor that has the potential to become an obstacle in implementing the stages of village fund management is Competence. Based on the results of interviews with research informants, it was found that the backgrounds of village fund managers were mostly not in accordance with the fields that had to be handled. This in turn has an impact on the performance of the village fund managers.
Religiões afro-brasileiras e o olhar psiquiátrico-antropológico de René Ribeiro
Authors: Chagas da Silva Santos Walkyria
Published: August 2021

Na transição entre o final do século XIX e início do século XX alguns teóricos começaram o estudo das religiões afro-brasileiras, tais estudos estavam concentrados no olhar psiquiátrico-antropológico das religiões, na Bahia o nome de grande destaque foi Nina Rodrigues e no Recife destacou-se René Ribeiro. Em 1952 René Ribeiro publicou o livro “Cultos Afrobrasileiros do Recife: um estudo de ajustamento social”, em 2014, ano do centenário do pesquisador, a obra foi relançada no livro “René Ribeiro e a Antropologia dos Cultos Afro-brasileiros”. O livro é importante para entender a análise patologizante das religiões afro-brasileiras e a abordagem da democracia racial no âmbito religioso.

Sem perder de vista a análise patologizante das religiões afro-brasileiras, René Ribeiro traça o caminho para a abordagem da democracia racial no âmbito religioso, compreendendo as religiões não pelo seu potencial de agência negra, mas como instância reguladora da população negra.  Portanto, o livro é uma fonte bibliográfica para entender o tratamento dispensado pela ciência e pela academia para as religiões afro-brasileiras.
Umbanda Esotérica: uma etnografia sobre o encontro da religiosidade afro com a nova era em um terreiro de Belo Horizonte
Authors: França Bianca Zacarias
Published: August 2021

No campo dos estudos religiosos, observa-se uma falta da produção acadêmica que busque compreender o espaço ocupado pelas religiões afro no contexto Nova Era. Autores como Magnani (2000) e Amaral (2000) entendem a Nova Era como um movimento intimamente influenciado pelo ocultismos europeu, Transcendentalismo americano do século XIX, teosofia de Helena Blavastsky, Espiritualismo, New Thought e Christian Science. O movimento Nova Era, em seu aspecto histórico, começou nos anos 60 e 70 em um contexto de contracultura e um fluxo crescente de intercâmbio entre Oriente e Ocidente (AMARAL, 2000). Este movimento apresenta ‘’um amplo leque de interesses, passando pela religião, filosofia, misticismo, saúde, psicologia, parapsicologia, arte, ecologia e o oculto’’ (AMARAL, 2000, p.29). Outros estudiosos da religião como o antropólogo Silas Guerriero (2006) já enquadram a Umbanda Esotérica dentro da categoria de Novos Movimentos Religiosos e Nova Era, afirmando que apesar de recente, doutrinas como essa buscam um vínculo com religiões e doutrinas muito antigas como o Hinduísmo e o próprio catolicismo. Há um entendimento de que, no Brasil, a Nova Era possui suas singularidades e que por isso doutrinas como a Umbanda Mística, as religiões ayahuasqueiras e o Vale do Amanhecer, por exemplo, podem ser entendidas como manifestações da New Age Popular (OLIVEIRA, A., 2009). Dessa forma,este trabalho também se propõe a pensar a Umbanda Esotérica, considerando as singularidades desta doutrina no contexto brasileiro.
Escrita Ìyálodè
Authors: Macedo Yuri
Published: August 2021

O presente texto, vem conceituar a Escrita Ìyálodè, e quem são as maiores cientistas negras brasileiras que detém dessa força vital que transmuta por meio da ancestralidade.
Voltando para a “Origem”? Considerações sobre o campo entre parentes e os “segredos de família”
Authors: Damásio Ana Clara Sousa
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo busca refletir, através da pesquisa realizada para a elaboração da dissertação do mestrado, os impactos de voltar para a origem e como essa volta é respaldada, resguardada e constituída por eventos que nos precedem. Nesse sentido, o objetivo é compreender como a pesquisa etnográfica, suas práticas e seus processos são altamente reflexivos e resvalam, inclusive, em revisões bibliográficas e subjetivas. Entretanto, como o campo ocorreu entre minhas parentes-interlocutoras, a mudança subjetiva não aconteceu apenas na parente-pesquisadora, mas também em todo grupo de parentesco e ajudou a construir e reconstruir novas paisagens narrativas sobre nossa origem.
Maria Navalha e a Filosofia Popular Brasileira ”“ um “trabalho” de campo
Authors: Haddock-Lobo Rafael
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em demonstrar como certos conceitos são desenvolvidos a partir da perspectiva de uma filosofia popular brasileira. Para além de apenas explicitar teoricamente os passos fundamentais para a elaboração conceitual (quais sejam, o trabalho de campo ou o “trabalho” da e na rua, as anotações que se seguem Ã  experiência, a escrita a partir de tais anotações, tendo o conceito apenas como resultado final e não o norteador da escrita), esse texto parte de um caso específico, ao qual se seguiram algumas outras experiências, para, nos termos de Luiz Rufino, alcançar uma “pedagogia das encruzilhadas”. É apenas a partir das experiências, anotações e posterior escrita, em que a cada etapa a figura de Maria Navalha, pombagira malandra carioca, vai se tornado mais presente, que os conceitos de “exubjetividade”, “dona da navalha”, “navalha de gênero” e “filosofia a golpes de navalha” vão tomando forma. Ainda assim, é preciso observar, mais do que conceitos fechados, esses termos entram na gira para desconceituar, a golpes de navalha, tudo aquilo que se pretende uno, coeso, perene e idêntico a si.
A Experiência do Teatro Negro e a Ideia de um Teatro de Nação através do Baraperspectivismo
Authors: Dos Santos Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

O baraperspectivismo é um conceito que provem do exame do simbolismo dos mitos de Exu e se conjuga com o propósito de produzir uma reflexão sobre relações raciais em termos artísticos, filosóficos e políticos, em que não se estabeleça uma hierarquia entre impulsos criativos e impulsos cognitivos, partindo do pressuposto de que o pensamento se produz através de uma relação entre impulsos e afetos. Assim, o presente trabalho faz uma abordagem dos principais aspectos que caracterizam a concepção de teatro para o baraperspectivismo, a partir de sua ligação com a experiência vivida na companhia de teatro negro carioca Cia dos Comuns. A ideia de teatro para o baraperspectivismo corresponde Ã  concepção de um teatro de nação relacionada Ã  criação de uma poética da revolta, que procura pensar a teatralidade da violência e da agressividade como estratégia de superação do complexo de inferioridade.
O ensino de cinemática apoiado na metodologia peer instruction para alunos de eja
Authors: RAMALHO RONILDO ANDRADE
Published: August 2021

O estudo da Física tem enfrentado grandes desafios na sociedade, em particular relativos ao seu âmbito conceitual. O ensino dessa disciplina na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) apresenta desafio ainda maior do que o ensino regular, dado que as turmas têm faixas etárias divergentes, alunos que não entram em sala de aula há mais de 20 anos, dentre outras situações que tendem a sufocar o ensino na EJA. Devido a essa diversidade de experiências, pessoal e profissional, de cada discente, optou-se em adotar um método que privilegiasse conceitos de Física e cinemática básica, em que o aluno pudesse ser visto como figura ativa na aprendizagem. Em virtude de essa abordagem ser mais conceitual do que matemática, foi utilizada, nesta pesquisa, a metodologia Peer Instruction (PI) do professor Eric Mazur, que trabalha principalmente com questões conceituais e interação entre grupos ou pares. A aplicação da referida metodologia se baseou no desenvolvimento de atividades de leitura que visavam desenvolver o entendimento dos conceitos a serem abordados em questões conceituais. Em razão dessa metodologia específica, o estudante de EJA foi capaz de compreender as noções fundamentais da cinemática e realizar operações matemáticas simples. O desenvolvimento da metodologia ocorreu em duas turmas de primeiro ano do ensino médio da EJA, e os resultados foram comparados com uma turma de primeiro ano do ensino médio em que não houve a adoção da metodologia PI. A análise dos resultados deu-se a partir do estudo dos ganhos normalizados de Hake. Esses dados foram comparados a outras literaturas no âmbito nacional e internacional.
Luxímetro Didático Comparativo: abordagem pedagógica em sala de aula
Authors: LOPIM Monica , França S. L. , Costa M. F. S. , Rizzuti B. F. , Gonçalves B.
Published: August 2021

Esse trabalho tem por objetivo a apresentação das etapas de uma sequência didática aplicadaem sala de aula baseada no conceito de eficiência energética de lâmpadas. Para tal, foi utilizadoum produto educacional experimental nomeado Luxímetro Didático Comparativo. O pluralismometodológico foi escolhido para a elaboração desta sequência. Ela foi aplicada para turmas tantode segundo quanto de terceiro anos do ensino médio, indicando possíveis atitudes produtivas dosaprendizes.
Ensaio sobre as inter-relações entre arquitetura escolar, cibercultura e ensino de Ciências: desafios e propostas para as juventudes da Geração Y
Authors: Ferreira Marcello , Leopoldino da Silva Filho Olavo , Rogério Martins Costa Marcos , Oliveira Portugal Khalil , Morais Lima Luíza , Pêra de Souza Gabriel , Da Silva Rocha João Vítor , Lima Alves Palton , Minari Zanetti Henrique , Helena Célia de Souza Sacerdote
Published: August 2021

Há uma diversidade de recursos tecnológicos que podem contribuir para as inovações metodológicas no ensino de Ciências, mas é interessante observar o quanto é difícil a adoção de novas ideias. Tal dificuldade está presente nos processos de difusão e incorporação de inovações, mesmo que elas apresentem vantagens em relação Ã  ideia vigente. Neste estudo, deseja-se estabelecer um confronto com o que é considerado tradicional no ensino de Ciências. Para tanto, o objetivo é investigar como a organização e a arquitetura do ambiente escolar podem favorecer a atenção e a concentração dos alunos, em uma perspectiva crítica e significativa. O arcabouço teórico deste ensaio é interdisciplinar, baseando-se nos estudos de Foucault (1999a; 1999b; 1999c), Lévy (1993), Vygotski (1988), Kaplan (1995), dentre outros. A metodologia adotada ancora-se em um estudo bibliográfico de caráter exploratório. Metodologicamente, o ensaio foi dividido em quatro partes: na primeira, discute-se a inteligência coletiva (LÉVY, 1993) e a zona de desenvolvimento proximal (VYGOTSKI, 1988); na segunda, aborda-se a articulação entre ensino de Ciências e tecnologias digitais; na terceira, trata-se da arquitetura no processo de aprendizagem; e, na quarta, lançam-se duas propostas de ambientes de aprendizagem: a sala de aula articulada e o espaço de colaboração. Como ensaio, as contribuições deste estudo estão voltadas para a exploração e a discussão de temas recentes (ADORNO, 1994), trazendo, como mote, estudos que possam lançar contribuições teóricas possíveis de ulterior aplicação.
The Development of Digital Competences for University Tourism Teachers
Authors: Velazco Derling José Mendoza , Martínez Magda Francisca Cejas , Cejas Mercedes Navarro , Demera María Hipatia Delgado , Hernández Silvia Marieta Aldaz
Published: August 2021

The aim of the research was to determine the virtual competences of Ecuadorian tourism teachers during the A-2021 cycle. A mixed research approach was used. A quantitative analysis was applied first, followed by a qualitative analysis. The sample selection was participatory and non-probabilistic. The sample consisted of 1003 active university teachers in Ecuador. A questionnaire comprising 106 questions divided into four variables was designed. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and the Kruskal-Wallis test were carried out. The findings indicate the applicability of virtual competences by university teachers. These competences are of a medium level and do not comply with the comprehensive competences of student care. The technological training level of university teaching staff is low. Regarding the use and knowledge of technology, respondents indicated a high level of understanding. Attitudes towards and methodology use in information and communication technologies showed weaknesses in usage and accessibility. In conclusion, a matrix of virtual competences for university tourism teachers is presented. The application of this methodology considers the competences in a comprehensive and problem-oriented manner.
Situación socio económica de los refugiados colombianos en Cuenca - Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cárdenas Lata Bertha Janneth , Herrera Hugo Blanca de los Ángeles ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Tapia Segarra Jenny Irlanda ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Vallejo Cárdenas Paola Priscila ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Published: August 2021

La realización de la presente obra, ha tenido como objetivo investigar los factores que inciden en la integración legal, social, económica y cultural de la población refugiada de nacionalidad colombiana radicada en la ciudad de Cuenca, provincia del Azuay, en concordancia con lo que tiene previsto el Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados (ACNUR) y el Derecho Internacional de los Refugiados para la población refugiada en el Ecuador y en todo el mundo. El marco de referencia constituye la legislación ecuatoriana que ha firmado y ratificado varios convenios internacionales en materia de refugio, obligándose a garantizar que los derechos de los refugiados se cumplan, como el derecho al trabajo, la educación, la salud, la vivienda; derechos fundamentales para que la población con necesidad de protección internacional se inserte localmente; derechos que en la práctica se han visto coartados quedando este grupo de atención prioritario en desprotección.
Protección de emisiones de radiodifusión de juegos deportivos en el entorno digital: propuesta legislativa penal para el Ecuador
Authors: Pérez Peña Oscar Alberto , Bossano Cruz Maria Luisa , Nazareno Mejía Fabricio Hernán
Published: August 2021

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de desarrollar una propuesta legislativa en materia penal, a través de la protección jurídica de las emisiones de radiodifusión de juegos deportivos en el entorno digital, para el perfeccionamiento de la legislación y práctica ecuatorianas.

El estudio se centra en la protección que existe en la legislación ecuatoriana y el uso de estas emisiones en el entorno digital en casos que violan los derechos de sus titulares. En particular, la necesidad de la tipificación de su piratería, que actualmente no se contempla en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal.

En cuanto a la metodología se emplean métodos de las ciencias sociales y de las jurídicas en particular, con aplicación del estudio comparado de las legislaciones española, chilena y peruana para evidenciar la necesidad de la criminalización primaria en Ecuador. Entre las técnicas utilizadas están la revisión documental y la entrevista a expertos. Como resultado se presenta una propuesta de modificación del artículo 208 A del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, que tipifica la falsificación y piratería de derechos de autor y deja fuera los derechos conexos.

Aunque el estudio se refiere expresamente el caso de los organismos de radiodifusión en los partidos de fútbol, la propuesta es aplicable a los otros titulares de derechos conexos. Incluye la represión a la persona que, sin autorización de los titulares de derechos, ponga a disposición del público estas emisiones mediante redes o cualquier medio informático, se reconoce así su protección en el entorno digital.
Afectación presupuestaria a las universidades y escuelas politécnicas públicas en la COVID-19: impacto en la realización del derecho a la educación superior y su débil protección
Authors: Chiliquinga Castillo Leonidas Salomón , Pazos Padilla Rina Catalina
Published: August 2021

La presente investigación examinó la afectación presupuestaria a las universidades y escuelas politécnicas públicas durante el estado de excepción por la emergencia sanitaria de la covid-19 en Ecuador, en 2020; así como, la activación de vías jurisdiccionales para evitar las restricciones en el uso y la devolución de los recursos a las instituciones de educación superior. Para esta investigación de carácter cualitativo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y documental, que incluye normativa nacional e internacional tomando sentencias de la Corte Constitucional, autores relevantes, entre otras fuentes. Se evidenció que el presupuesto para la educación se afectó debido a las decisiones estatales antes y durante la pandemia, reduciendo las posibilidades lograr la plena realización del derecho a la educación superior gratuita y de calidad. También se analiza la respuesta de la Corte Constitucional frente a las acciones planteadas por distintos actores para frenar y revertir las restricciones y disminución del presupuesto universitario durante la pandemia. Se concluye que existe un amplio desarrollo normativo a nivel nacional sobre el derecho a la educación superior, que supera el cumplimiento de los tratados internacionales, incluyendo recursos preasignados para el financiamiento de la educación superior, además, se prevé vías de exigibilidad del derecho. No obstante, el reconocimiento formal no es suficiente para la plena satisfacción del derecho; además, las vías jurisdiccionales de protección activadas durante la pandemia no lograron evitar la disminución de recursos públicos, resultando poco efectivos para proteger al sistema de educación superior público e indirectamente al derecho a la educación superior.
Pemeriksaan dan Pendidikan Pencegahan Pedikulosis Kapitis pada Santri Pesantren Jabal Nur Kecamatan Kandis, Kabupaten Siak, Provinsi Riau
Authors: Maryanti Esy , Lestari Enny , Aldi Afrinaldi , Mulia Fadly , Linda Mislindawati
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Pediculosis capitis is an infectious parasitic disease which is still a healthproblem, especially for people who live together in groups. Pesantren is a placewhere a group of students study and live together. They carry out daily activitiestogether, from sleeping, eating, studying and playing. This student activity is one ofthe risk factor of contracting a parasite infestation. This activity aims to determinethe incidence of pediculosis capitis, conduct health education, namely counselingabout the eradication of the disease and providing treatment to students who areinfested with Pediculus humanus capitis. This activity was carried out at thePesantren/ Islamic boarding School in Kandis District, Siak Regency. The targetaudience was the sanawiah student were 70 students. There were 36(51,4%)students with pediculosis capitis. Students who had been diagnosed were givenpermethrin 1% and serit comb, after given treatment and education to prevent thedisease, it is hoped that the students will be ableto apply the knowledgegained toeradicate the disease.Keywords: boarding school, pediculosis capitis, Pediculus humanus capitis,studentsAbstrak. Pedikulosis kapitis adalah penyakit parasitik menular yang sampaisekarang merupakan masalah kesehatan terutama pada orang yang tinggal bersamasecara berkelompok. Pesantren merupakan tempat sekelompok santri belajar dantinggal bersama. Mereka melakukan kegiatan sehari-hari bersama, mulai dari tidur,makan, belajar, dan bermain. Kegiatan bersama santri ini merupakan salah saturisiko mudahnya tertular infestasi Pediculus humanus capitis. Kegiatan pengabdiankepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kejadian pedikulosis kapitis,melakukan pendidikan kesehatan, yaitu penyuluhan tentang pemberantasan penyakittersebut, dan memberikan pengobatan pada santri yang terinfestasi pedikulosiskapitis. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Pondok Pesantren di Kecamatan Kandis,Kabupaten Siak. Khalayak sasaran adalah santri sanawiah yang berjumlah 70orang. Terdapat 36 (51,4%) santri terkena pedikulosis kapitis. Santri yang sudahdidiagnosis tersebut langsung diberikan permethrin 1% dan sisir serit. Setelahdiberikan pengobatan dan pendidikan pencegahan penyakit tersebut diharapkansantri dapat mempraktikkan pengetahuan yang didapat dalam rangka memberantasinfestasi Pediculus humanus capitis.Kata Kunci: santri, pedikulosis kapitis, Pediculus humanus capitis, pesantren
Penerapan Teknologi Pengolahan Limbah Cangkang Kerang Hijau sebagai Pakan Ternak dan Ikan
Authors: Kartono Kartono , Siswoyo Mukarto , Bukhori Bukhori
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Environmental problems in Muara Village, Suranenggala Subdistrict,Cirebon Regency, are accumulated waste of green mussel shells. The objectives ofthis PKM activity are: 1) to deal with the accumulation of green mussel shells asfeed ingredients / fish pelets by applying technology, namely; hammer millmachines, mixer machines, pelet extruders, and 2) to improve the welfare of thecommunity from the activities of making fish feed / pelets. The method used isParticiparoty Action Rural (PRA) which is one of the Participaroty Action Researchmethods. This method prioritizes community participation, identifying problems,compiling programs to plan solutions together. The location of the activity wascarried out in the fishermen group in Muara Village, Suranenggala District,Cirebon Regency. The results of the application of technology for the process ofmaking animal feed carried out in Muara Village can create new businesses forcommunity groups, especially fishermen groups, so that it has implications forincreasing welfare for the surrounding community. Based on the results ofmonitoring and evaluation, it is concluded that the application of appropriatetechnology in overcoming the accumulation of green mussel shell waste can create anew business, namely UKM making fish feed / pelets which in turn can improvewelfare for the community.Keywords: SMEs, appropriate technologyAbstrak. Permasalahan lingkungan di Desa Muara Kecamatan SuranenggalaKabupaten Cirebon adalah menumpuknya limbah cangkang kerang hijau. Tujuandari kegiatan PKM ini adalah 1) untuk menanggulangi menumpuknya limbahcangkang kerang hijau sebagai bahan pakan/pelet ikan dengan penerapanteknologi, yaitu mesin hammer mill, mesin mixer, pelet extruder; dan 2) untukmeningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dari kegiatan pembuatan pakan/pelet ikan.Metode yang digunakan adalah Participaroty Action Research (PAR). Metode inimengutamakan partisipasi masyarakat, mengidentifikasi masalah, dan menyusunprogram merencanakan solusi bersama-sama. Lokasi kegiatan dilaksanakan padakelompok nelayan di Desa Muara, Kecamatan Suranenggala, Kabupaten Cirebon.Hasil dari penerapan teknologi untuk proses pembuatan pakan ternak yangdilakukan di Desa Muara dapat memunculkan usaha baru bagi kelompokmasyarakat, khususnya kelompok nelayan sehingga dapat berimplikasi terhadapmeingkatnya kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat sekitar. Berdasarkan hasil monitoringdan evaluasi disimpulkan bahwa penerapan teknologi tepat guna dalammenanggulangi menumpuknya limbah cangkang kerang hijau dapat menciptakanusaha baru, yaitu UKM pembuatan pakan/pelet ikan yang pada akhirnya dapatmeningkatkan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat.Kata Kunci: UKM, Teknologi tepat guna
Workshop Literasi Digital menggunakan Reference Manager pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Somantri Oman , Sari Yeni Priatna
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The level of knowledge of students and lecturers who are still not sufficiently knowledgeable in finding appropriate reference sources in making scientific papers is still happening at the Harapan Bersama Polytechnic. Currently, the number and quality of citation sources for writing a bibliography of a student's scientific work that is produced is about 80% unsuitable which results in not infrequently students and lecturers who still need to increase their knowledge of digital literacy. The proposed community service activity is a workshop activity to increase knowledge and ability in examining library sources as a literature study of scientific papers. In this activity, the reference manager introduction material was given as a tool to find library sources. The method used in this activity is to use the synchronous method through online media. The training provided provides increased knowledge for students and lecturers to better understand and be able to use Mendeley's reference management software as a tool in their search for digital literacy. The results of the evaluation of activities through interviews with participants, it shows that there is an increase in knowledge and a very good response from the training participants and wants the next training to be carried out again.Keywords: Increased Knowledge, Mendeley, Reference Manager, Workshop, Literation DigitalAbstrak. Tingkat pengetahuan mehasiswa dan dosen yang masih belum cukup pengetahuan dalam pencarian sumber referensi yang tepat dalam pembuatan karya tulis ilmiah masih terjadi di Politeknik Harapan Bersama. Saat ini, jumlah dan kualitas sumber sitasi penulisan daftar pustaka sebuah karya ilmiah yang dihasilkan sekiar 80% belum sesuai yang mengakibatkan tidak jarang mahasiswa dan dosen masih perlu meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang literasi digital. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang diusulkan adalah sebuah kegiatan workshop untuk menambah pengetahuan dan kemampuan dalam menelaah sumber pustaka sebagai studi pustaka karya ilmiah. Pada kegiatan tersebut diberikan mengenai materi pengenalan reference manager sebagai alat untuk mencari sumber pustaka. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah menggunakan metode sinkron melalui media online. Pelatihan yang diberikan memberikan peningkatan pengetahuan bagi mahasiswa dan dosen agar lebih memahami dan dapat menggunakan software pengelola referensi Mendeley sebagai alat bantu dalam pencarian literasi digital. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan melalui wawancara dengan peserta menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan respons yang sangat baik dari peserta diklat dan menginginkan agar workshop selanjutnya dilaksanakan kembali.Kata Kunci: Mendeley, Peningkatan Pengetahuan, Reference Manager, Workshop, Literasi Digital
Pencarian Rute Optimal Dengan Metode Steepest Ascent Hill Climbing Untuk Tempat Wisata Di Bandung Menggunakan Android
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Nasional, Nurhasanah Youllia Indrawaty , Umaroh Sofia ,   Institut Teknologi Nasional, Al Ghoniyyah Ninda Halimah ,   Institut Teknologi Nasional
Published: August 2021

The lack of information on the path to tourist attractions makes tourists confused in choosing the shortest path. To overcome this, this study proposes an optimal route search system with the steepest ascent hill climbing method to find the most optimal route to tourist attractions. The search process for this tourist spot begins by looking for the latitude and longitude distance of each tourist spot along with the distance between tourist attractions using google maps, then the distance is entered into the steepest ascent hill climbing method with the initial stage of determining the number of combinations, where the combination results in the number of derivative trails. Then swap the initial path with the derivative path using graph theory. This process is repeated so that if the initial trajectory is smaller than the descended path, the effective route and route will be displayed on google maps. So based on the system testing conducted, the steepest ascent hill climbing method used as the main method of this research can be implemented in the search for the most effective or fastest route using the undirected graph method for the exchange process between tourist attractions