bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
I. Ruptura prematura de membranas. Consideraciones clínico-patológicas y de tratamiento
Authors: Velasco Chiriboga Alvaro , Rocha Posada Hernando , Valderrama Elsa
Published: July 2020

Cuando Russell (1) en 1962 publicó su artículo sobre el tratamiento agresivo de la ruptura prematura de las membranas, se despertó una resistencia por parte de algunos obstetras, en defensa del tratamiento convencional, expectante, vigente hasta entonces.
On the Potential of the Julia Programming Language for Solving Scientific and Engineering Problems
Authors: Belov G.V. , Aristova N.M.
Published: July 2020

The paper provides a brief description of the Julia language and discusses several libraries and software packages written in this language and designed to solve various scientific and engineering problems. The Julia language has been developed relatively recently, but our analysis of existing publications indicates its growing popularity. We limited the scope of the paper to review only those few libraries and software packages that may be useful to researchers and engineers who develop software simulations and conduct numerical experiments. Specifically, we did not consider dedicated libraries for economic, biological and medical applications. At present, there exists a large number of programming languages, each of them developed to overcome the limitations of the ones already available. Each language has its advantages and disadvantages and is suited best for a particular purpose. The objective of our paper is to familiarise the reader with the potential of the Julia programming language for solving scientific and engineering problems
Integrated framework for strategic cost management based on target costing, ABC, and product life-cycle in PDP: Empirical experience
Authors: Ferreira MaÃ­sa Martins , Martins Oliveira Selma Regina
Published: July 2020

This study aims to contribute to the planning process on product management. To do so it presents a integrated framework based on strategic cost management, using the methods target costing, activity-based cost (ABC) based on the product lifecycle. This proposal was structured as it follows: Phase 1: determining Target Cost; Phase 2: determining ABC defrayal to the light of the defrayal based on the product lifecycle. The research was elaborated to the light of specialized literature, from which we extracted the variables to formulate the methodology. After that, to show the feasibility and plausibility of the method we applied a hypothetical case study based on the development process of a product to the light of a course/MBA in Business Management in Institution of Higher Education in Brazil. The results were satisfactory and validated the proposal suggested. The survey findings indicate that the integrated method between ABC, target costing and products lifecycle applied in MBA Business Management is quite satisfactory.

 

Keywords: Framework, target costing, activity-based cost (ABC), costing based on product life-cycle, product development process (PDP);
Modified Sharpe Ratio Application in Calculation of Mutual Fund Star Ranking
Authors: Alvi Jahanzaib , Rehan Muhammad , Saeed Sania
Published: July 2020

Purpose of this study is to apply to modify Sharpe Ratio to calculate Star Ranking of Equity-based mutual funds registered in Mutual Fund Association of Pakistan, further, the idea was to recalibrate locally developed models being used in Pakistan by autonomous professional bodies who professionally assigns star ranking of mutual funds, equity market exhibited negative returns from July 2017 onwards this research which brought the problem to assign star ranking due to model structure, model relies on risk-adjusted return (Sharpe Ratio), therefore Sharpe Ratio has a limitation in negative excess return. Two developed models were simultaneously compared to witness the predictive power of these models, (1) modified Sharpe and (2) VIS Credit Rating Company (Explaining the Stars) Model. Data was collected from March 2013 to March 2018 quarterly and the exercise was done quarterly. Findings revealed a magnificent piece of work, (1) there is no difference between model 1 and model 2 by both way results exhibited same mutual fund star rankings, (2) both methods have a different way of calculating final score with same results, and (3) modified Sharpe ratio is quite well when excess return is negative but when there is a mix of negative and positive better to use VIS model as well as in positive excess returns. A research paper could not calibrate other models developed by rating companies (Pakistan Credit Rating Company) which is a future research gap.
PENYUSUNAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN MASJID BERDASARKAN PSAK 45
Authors: Fauzi Mohammad Rizka Cholid , Setyaningsih Nina Dwi
Published: July 2020

Funds needed by the mosque are mostly obtained from public. The funds obtained can be used and responsibly  according their use. More people providing fund to  mosque, management must be give a report or financial statement based on financial accounting standard. The purpose of this research is to find out and do the mosque financial report based on PSAK 45, so can give a facility to give an infotmation related mosque finance. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The data obtained in this study came from observations, interviews and documentation The results of this study are the mosque management still has not applied PSAK 45 in the compiling  of financial statements.
Roles assigned to heritage learners in beginner Spanish mixed classes
Authors: Asención-Delaney Yuly
Published: July 2020

Recent data indicate that there is a large population of Spanish Heritage Learners (HLs) in postsecondary institutions in the U.S. (National Center for Education Statistics [NCES], 2017).  However, only 40% of institutions offer at least one course for this student population (Beaudrie, 2012). This situation forces HLs to take language courses designed for Spanish second language learners (i.e., mixed classes). This article reports a study that was carried out to answer the following research questions: a) what roles do instructors assign to HLs in their beginner classes, and b) how do these observed roles support the HL language instruction goals and meet their needs for cultural connection?  Results indicate that teachers assign a variety of roles to heritage learners in their beginner Spanish classes. These roles include serving as a language model or informant in terms of linguistic, pragmatic or cultural knowledge, translating and tutoring.  The assigned roles could support or inhibit heritage learners’ linguistic and cultural goals depending on their linguistic level. This article concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings as they pertain to the required teacher training to better serve these learners in mixed language classes.
Spanish in contact with Korean: New insights into language switching
Authors: Kim Silvia
Published: July 2020

‘Code-switching’ (CS) refers to language-mixing where individuals who speak two or more languages switch from one to another, often mid-sentence. Several morpho-syntactic constraints governing when switches happen have been proposed in prior work, mostly on Spanish-English CS (e.g. Timm, 1975; Pfaff, 1979; Poplack, 1980). However, what happens when the languages are typologically different? This is the case with Spanish-Korean CS, which has not been systematically investigated. Korean and Spanish differ in many respects, including clause structure/word order, absence/presence of articles, and morphology (Korean: agglutinative, Spanish: fusional) (Kwon, 2012; Bosque, Demonte, Lázaro, Pavón & Española, 1999). For the present study, balanced Spanish-Korean bilinguals were interviewed to obtain a naturalistic corpus of CS. Strikingly, we find that many constraints proposed for Spanish-English CS do not hold for Spanish-Korean. Specifically, there are three main ways that Spanish-Korean CS violates the constraints proposed for Spanish-English: (i) in contexts involving word order/clause structure, (ii) on the level of nouns and (iii) on the level of morphemes. Crucially, the violations are not random: We suggest that they stem from the typological differences between Korean and Spanish. This work highlights the empirical and theoretical benefits of including typologically diverse language pairs when investigating CS.
Presentación sección especial:El español en los Estados Unidos y el español en contacto con otras lenguas
Authors: Medina-Rivera Antonio , Pastor Alberto
Published: July 2020

The next section of this volume of Cuadernos de Lingüística includes five papers that were originally presented at the XXVII Congress of Spanish in the United States and XII Congress of Spanish in Contact with Other Languages, which were held in Cleveland, Ohio from 4-6 April 2019.
Kontrol Pipet Otomatis Dalam Pengambilan Sampel Plasma Darah Dengan Metode Fuzzy
Authors: Rofii Ahmad , Anam Khairul , Cahyadi Widya
Published: July 2020

Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin pesat menyebabkan peralihan teknologi yang masih manual menjadi teknologi yang lebih canggih. Pada bidang kesehatan, juga diharapkan terus dikembangkan alat-alat maupun teknologi yang semakin canggih. Salah satu alat dibidang kesehatan yang saat ini masih dapat dikembangkan, yaitu pipet yang berfungsi untuk mengambil sampel berupa cairan. Pada umunya, pipet yang digunakan dibidang laboratorium kesehatan masih bersifat manual dan diharapkan banyak dikembangkan pipet otomatis yang mempercepat dan mempermudah pengambilan sampel. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan kontrol pipet otomatis menggunakan metode fuzzy untuk pengambilan sampel plasma darah. Hal ini bertujuan agar proses pengambilan sampel yang berupa plasma darah dapat dilakukan dengan cepat dan teliti. Dua metode penyimpulan fuzzy digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu fuzzy mamdani dan sugeno. Tahapan pertama dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan kontrol pipet otomatis. Kontrol pipet otomatis yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini terdiri atas LDR, LED, resistor, sensor servo, mini pump, dan rangkaian LCD yang dihubungkan dengan Arduino. Tahapan selanjutnya yaitu pengujian kinerja sensor. Kinerja sensor dan alat pada sistem diketahui dengan melakukan beberapa pengujian, yaitu pengujian sensor yang berupa uji kalibrasi, akurasi, dan presisi. Hasil pengujian akurasi sensor menunjukkan rata-rata error di bawah 5 % yang berarti sensor yang dirancang cukup akurat. Selain itu nilai lumen yang di uji pada tiap sensor tidak mengalami perubahan yang besar yang menunjukkan sensor pada alat presisi. Hasil pengujian alat juga menunjukkan bahwa kinerja alat yang mengunakan metode fuzzy mamdani dan fuzzy sugeno berjalan baik hal ini terlihat pada pengujian sampel yang sama diperoleh nilai input yang cenderung sama dan nilai output yang cenderung sama
Sintesis Kalsium Aluminat (CaAl2O4) dengan Variasi Asam Sitrat dan Suhu Kalsinasi Menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel sebagai Katalis Biodiesel
Authors: Zulaicha Siti , Suwardiyanto Suwardiyanto , Andarini Novita
Published: July 2020

Kalsium aluminat (CaAl2O4) disintesis menggunakan metode sol-gel sebagai katalis biodiesel. Jumlah mol asam sitrat dan suhu kalsinasi berpengaruh terhadap fasa material yang dihasilkan. Perbandingan mol (Ca2+ dan Al3+) : asam sitrat yang digunakan yaitu 1:1; 1:2; dan 1:3 mol, sedangkan variasi suhu kalsinasinya yaitu 700, 800, dan 900 oC. Material hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi dengan XRD untuk mengetahui fasa yang terbentuk, dan diolah lebih lanjut dengan program FindIt dan Match! untuk mengetahui komposisi phase hasil sintesis. Hasil XRD menunjukkan peningkatan kristalinitas dengan kenaikan suhu kalsinasi dan konsentrasi CaAl2O4 meningkat dengan kenaikan jumlah mol asam sitrat yang digunakan. Material katalis yang disintesis pada perbandingan 1:3 mol yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 900 oC diuji dalam reaksi transesterifikasi untuk mengetahui aktivitasnya sebagai katalis biodiesel. Metil ester hasil reaksi transesterifikasi dianalisa GC-MS untuk mengetahui komposisi FAME dan menentukan konversinya. Katalis ini mampu mengkonversi 33,78 % minyak sawit menjadi metil esternya .
Evaluasi Tingkat Kerusakan dan Perencanaan Estimasi Biaya Perbaikan Bangunan Guna Sustainability Gedung di Universitas Jember (Studi Kasus : Gedung 1 Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan (FKIP))
Authors: Nanda Wisnu Eka , Ratnaningsih Anik , Nurtanto Dwi
Published: July 2020

Sustainability bangunan gedung sangat dipengaruhi oleh periode penggunaan atau keberfungsian dari bangunan. Agar supaya periode penggunaan sesuai dengan perencanaan, maka pemeliharaan bangunan perlu dilakukan secara berkala terhadap kerusakan dari komponen-komponen bangunan gedung sehingga dapat menjaga tingkat kenyamanan dari para pengguna bangunan gedung tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan indeks kondisi bangunan berdasarkan tingkat kerusakannya, skala prioritas perbaikan, serta estimasi angaran biaya perbaikan bangunan. Evaluasi dilakukan pada Gedung 1 FKIP Universitas Jember. Metode untuk mendapatkan Indeks Kondisi Bangunan dilakukan melalui survey lapangan dengan cara pembobotan komponen dan sub-komponen bangunan menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil analisis didapatkan Indeks Kondisi Bangunan Gedung 1 FKIP Universitas Jember sebesar 87,85% yang berarti gedung masih berada dalam kondisi sangat baik, dan tingkat kerusakan sebesar 12,15% yang membutuhkan perbaikan. Estimasi biaya perbaikan didapatkan berdasarkan volume kerusakan masing-masing komponen bangunan gedung dengan nilai sebesar Rp. 48.652.000,00 dengan skala prioritas perbaikan tertinggi pada komponen dinding sebesar 25,9%.
Pengaruh Service Recovery terhadap Customer Satisfaction pada Hotel Royal Jember
Authors: Putri Luccy Avrindy Ragilia , Irawan Bambang , Utami Elok Sri
Published: July 2020

This article aims to determine the effect of service recovery consisting of procedural justice, interactional justice and distributive justice on customer satisfaction in guests Hotel Royal Jember. Methods of data collection is done by distributing questionnaires to 104 respondents who are guests Hotel Royal Jember with the following criteria must be at least 17 years because they have had the income and memampu use the services of the hotel and was the guest of Hotel Royal Jember ever experienced keluihan when using the services of Hotel Royal Jember , The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method used is logistic regression analysis. The results showed that the variables used are service recovery consisting of procedural justice, interactional justice and distributive justice effect on customer satisfaction in guests Hotel Royal Jember

Keywords: Distributive Justice, Interactional Justice, Procedural Justice, Customer Satisfaction.
Memahami Theory of Constraint dari Sumber Pertama Pembumian Kasus Novel “The Goals”
Authors: Kustono Alwan Sri
Published: July 2020

This article is grounded The Goal (Goldratt & Cox, 2008). It describes a case that occurred in a company. Manager has three months to change unprofitable and unreliable factory operations to succeed. It shows the differences that occur in a manufacturing company in a process, and how to discuss the difficulties that occur, and reduce their impact. Manager team discussed the challenges in the material flow, and immediately started requesting changes to help increase reserves and increase production. They brought an old machine that they received for free to increase the capacity of the engine, which has proven to be one of the two bottlenecks. Furthermore, they changed the process that happened to the company, changed like they did, which caused a great deal in getting the product and also caused some products to be heated several times to make it warmer and then even harder not just once or not at all.

Keywords: throughput, bottleneck, performance, constraint
Free Cash Flows, Management Ownership, Dividend Policy, and Debt Policy
Authors: Nanggala Ardhya Yudistira Adi
Published: July 2020

This study aims to identify and examine empirically effect of free cash flows, managerial ownership and dividend policy on debt policy (empirical study on companies listed on Stock Exchange). This study uses secondary data in form of financial statements derived from annual financial statements of companies listed on Stock Exchange and available reporting consecutive years from 2012 to 2017. Samples were taken by purposive sampling with first criteria company's annual financial statement data available for consecutive reporting years from 2012 to 2017. Number of samples in this study 132 firm years. Data analysis methods used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. Results showed that: free cash flows and managerial ownership has a significant positive effect on debt policy. Dividend policy have a significant negative effect on debt policy.

Keywords: Free cash Flows, Management Ownership Dividend Policy, Debt Policy
Environmental Isotope of Radon-222 for Ciliwung River and Shallow Deep Water Interaction Study
Authors: Pujiindiyati Evarista Ristin , Pratikno Bungkus
Published: July 2020

Aquifer in river bank area is mostly susceptive toward pollution occurring in river. One of parameters to determine the interaction process between groundwater and river is a natural isotope of 222Rn. The significant difference of radon concentration in groundwater and river water can be utilized as a scientific basis for investigating groundwater infiltration in river bank. Those studied parameters are residence time and infiltration rate. The research using 222Rn had been conducted in shallow groundwater of Ciliwung river bank - South Jakarta during rainy and dry season. The range of 222Rn concentration in shallow groundwater monitored in dry season was between 666 - 2590 Bq/m3 which was higher than that of rainy season ranging at 440 to 1546 Bq/m3. Otherwise, concentration of 222Rn in river water could not be detected (its 222Rn concentration = 0 Bq/m3) due to its much lower concentration either rainy or dry season. During dry season monitoring, equilibration between groundwater and river water was reached at the distance approximately 98 - 140 m away from river side. Estimating residence time based on 222Rn concentration at nearest site from the river and at equlibration area was 4.2 days such that the infiltration rate from river water into aquifer might be 7.8 m/day.Keywords: 222Rn, groundwater, residence time, infiltration rate.
Identification of Aquifer in the MIPA Faculty - University of Jember Using 1D Geoelectrical Resistivity Method with Schlumberger Array
Authors: Buwana Bayu , Priyantari Nurul , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: July 2020

Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Jember located in Sumbersari District with lithological conditions in the form of volcanic rocks, lithosol soils, and regosol soils that are capable of absorbing water and potentially as aquifers. In point of fact, in the campus zona of the University of Jember including in the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, there is always a shortage of freshwater for various academic and non-academic activities. Therefore, research needs to be conducted to assess the lithology of subsurface structures in the FMIPA zone so that the depth of groundwater layers and aquifer layers can be determined. The study was conducted using the Schlumberger array geoelectric resistivity method at 5 VES points. The results obtained in the form of resistivity log curves can be seen that at the five points VES has lithology in the form of clay, gravel, sandstone, and groundwater layer. Each VES point was identified the groundwater layer and some of them were identified as aquifers. The aquifer with the greatest thickness is found at point VES 2, which is to the west of the Baitul Ilmi Mosque, so it is recommended as the location of a new well.Keywords: lithology, aquifers, geoelectric resistivity method, groundwater.
The Implications of the NGO Law on the Right to Freedom of Association of Human Rights Defenders in Cambodia
Authors: Tann Boravin
Published: July 2020

The right to freedom of association is of particular importance for human rights defenders. Freedom of association is an indispensable agent for human rights change that permits human rights defenders to maintain their civic space and pursue their mission in promoting and protecting rights and fundamental freedoms in a democratic society. In the current legal and political climate, human rights defenders face increasing challenges in the exercise of their freedom of association and other nexus rights vis-à-vis fulfilling their mission to advocate for other peoples’ rights. The Law on Associations and Non-Government Organizations, also known as LANGO, marks a significant turning point for the de jure and de facto exercise of the freedom of association, in particular for the most vocal and active human rights defenders and human rights organizations in Cambodia. This article first explores core elements, limitations and state obligations concerning the right to freedom of association provided by the international human rights treaties that Cambodia has ratified. It further examines key provisions of LANGO regarding the right to freedom of association of human rights defenders. It highlights that LANGO presents a critical challenge to the freedom of association due to its fundamental flaws, ambiguities and inconsistencies concerning its provisions on establishment, operation and suspension or dissolution of associations. This article concludes that LANGO offers extensive regulatory guidelines for all associations and NGOs in Cambodia; yet it also trigger concerns not due to the details, but the lack thereof which could undermine the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of association and other universally recognized human rights and fundamental freedoms in Cambodia as a whole.
Post-legislative Scrutiny (PLS) in the Process of Democratic Transition in Malaysia
Authors: Hooi Khoo Ying
Published: July 2020

Malaysia’s 14th general election in 2018 saw the fall of the Barisan Nasional (BN) regime after ruling the country for more than six decades. Prior to the election, Malaysia faced challenges ranging from the absence of state legitimacy, fragile institutions to corruption scandals, leaving little room to have robust discourse on legislative reforms. Promise 16 of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) election manifesto prior to the election, pledges to restore the dignity of Parliament to institutionalize the select committee system in Parliament and the Senate to enable them to function effectively. Whilst there is limited post-legislative scrutiny (PLS) in Malaysia for now, the various reforms in the phase of democratic transition to the administration of PH is a positive sign of the possibility for Malaysia to move into better law-making procedures. This paper examines the work that is currently being undertaken in the Parliament of Malaysia to assess whether the current parliamentary reforms can pave the way for the PLS mechanism to be put in place.
Norms from Above, Movements from Below
Authors: Manaysay Ferth Vandensteen
Published: July 2020

This article seeks to analyse how conceptions of global climate change norms have contributed to the framing strategies and tactics of local indigenous people’s rights movements using the cases of Cordillera Peoples’ Alliance (CPA) from the Philippines and the Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN) from Indonesia. Drawing on the combined theoretical frameworks of the world society approach and the social movement framing theory, this article argues that global climate change norms have provided indigenous people’s rights movements in Indonesia and the Philippines with new sources of vocabularies towards collective action. In theoretical and empirical terms, it contends that the exposure of the local indigenous social movements to global normative mechanisms have shifted local activism, as the world society approach envisages, while framing theory elucidates the manner in which movement-actors are able to interpret and transform the ideas they receive. A paired comparison, based on data collected from the CPA and AMAN’s public pronouncements as well as in-depth interviews with local indigenous movement leaders and members, shows material ideas and instruments that social movements receive from global institutional sources (such as the United Nations climate change agreements, global indigenous declarations, and international climate justice coalitions) have enabled them to produce novel frames for collective action at the local level. Contrastingly, it demonstrates how indigenous climate justice activists have also been able to frame their contentions against the prevailing global norms and ideas about climate change.
Applying Post-Legislative Scrutiny to the Analysis of Legislation and SDGs in South and Southeast Asia
Authors: De Vrieze Franklin , Fitsilis Fotios
Published: July 2020

Post-Legislative Scrutiny (PLS) is an emerging oversight technique which is applied by parliaments to scrutinise implementation and impact of specific laws or legal frameworks. This article takes stock of PLS practices in countries in South and Southeast Asia and argues that PLS can also be used to scrutinise complex processes at the national or supra-national level, such as the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). First, a wide introduction and the state of play in PLS is provided, with reference to different parliamentary and development approaches emerging from the application of PLS in parliaments worldwide, followed by two specific case studies: the law on microfinance in Myanmar and the law on social practice reform in Nepal. The examination of these case studies offers insights about the application of scrutiny techniques in different parliaments. The outcome of the analysis is used to respond to the main research question of this contribution: whether PLS techniques can be applied for the oversight of extended processes, as is the case with the implementation of SDGs. For this, details of the first world study on parliamentary oversight of SDGs are presented, with a regional focus on South and Southeast Asia. The results seem to support the authors’ claim that PLS as a technique can facilitate oversight both of specific legal provisions and complex multi-stakeholder processes, such as the monitoring of SDGs.
Parliaments in Europe Engaging in Post-legislative Scrutiny
Authors: Griglio Elena , Lupo Nicola
Published: July 2020

Post-legislative scrutiny (PLS) is not completely new to European parliamentarism. In the last few decades, this activity has experienced rapid development, either pushed by supranational trends on better regulation or fostered by national constitutional reforms. However, the involvement of parliaments in the ex post stage of law-making still remains under-theorised. This article aims at providing a comparative overview of the main rules, practices and trends on post-legislative scrutiny in Europe, focusing on the experience of three bicameral Parliaments: the French, Italian and Swiss Parliaments which have been selected as examples of three proactive approaches to post-legislative scrutiny, based on alternative bicameral arrangements. After providing a general overview of the main options that support the involvement of parliaments in the ex-post stage of law-making, the article examines how the benchmark case studies address the following variables: the internal organisation of the ex-post scrutiny, including the role of the administrative staff; the scrutiny object, either referred to single pieces of legislation or to a whole policy; the scope of the ex-post scrutiny, verifying whether it is interpreted as a purely legal dimension or it comprises also forms of impact assessment; the outcomes of the ex-post scrutiny, and more specifically its contribution to the legislative decision-making. The paper demonstrates that PLS in parliament may lead to political outcomes addressing the government when the form of government, the constitutional framework and the party dimension support a competitive use of this tool in the legislative-executive interaction.
L’association d’ovins et de bovins sur prairies irriguées en Martinique
Authors: MAHIEU M. , AUMONT G. , MICHAUX Y. , ALEXANDRE G. , ARCHIMÈDE H. , BOVAL M. , THÉRIEZ M.
Published: July 2020

Les performances animales et les productions par unité de surface de cinq systèmes d’exploitation de prairies irriguées de pangola (Digitaria decumbens) ont été étudiées durant deux années en Martinique (FWI) : agneaux ou agnelles "Martinik" en croissance pâturant seuls, génisses Brahman en croissance pâturant seules, agneaux ou agnelles associés aux bovins. Les charges en poids métabolique (PM=PV0,75) ont été identiques entre les systèmes et ont varié entre 488 et 536 kgPM/ha. L’association de bovins avec des ovins a permis une augmentation de la croissance des ovins, en particulier pour les mâles (+ 13 %). L’association avec des ovins a également conduit à une augmentation (non significative) de 10 % de la croissance des génisses. L’association des bovins et ovins a augmenté la production de viande à l’hectare de 18 à 25 %. Cette augmentation de la production a pu être reliée à une diminution de l’infestation parasitaire des ovins (en particulier pour les agneaux) par Haemonchus contortus, une diminution de la biomasse fourragère sur les parcelles et une amélioration de la qualité du disponible fourrager (ratio feuilles/tiges). Les bilans de production fourragère ont montré que l’association des bovins et des ovins au pâturage permet de limiter les pertes d’azote dans la biomasse inutilisée. Cependant, la maîtrise de la fertilisation azotée reste une des contraintes majeures pour l’optimisation des systèmes pâturés intensifs en milieu tropical humide.
Résistance aux strongles gastro-intestinaux des caprins. Influence de différents environnements tropicaux sur l’expression du potentiel génétique de résistance
Authors: MANDONNET N. , AUMONT G. , FLEURY J. , GRUNER L. , BOUIX J. , VU TIEN KHANG J. , VARO H.
Published: July 2020

Dans un proche avenir, il sera nécessaire de disposer d’animaux résistants pour maîtriser les strongyloses gastro-intestinales des petits ruminants, du fait de l’incidence de cette pathologie, quelle que soit la zone d’élevage. Or, bien que l’élevage caprin soit une production importante, notamment en zone tropicale, et très sensible à cette pathologie, la résistance génétique est peu étudiée dans cette espèce. L’objectif du protocole conduit à l’INRA-Antilles-Guyane est de déterminer, après vérification de son existence chez les caprins Créoles, si le même caractère de résistance génétique s’exprime dans des environnements contrastés du point de vue du risque parasitaire et de l’apport fourrager. La résistance de 13 boucs Créoles a été estimée dans 2 systèmes de pâturage, par la moyenne des performances de leurs descendants, aux âges de 6 et 10 mois.Haemonchus contortus et "Trichostrongylus colubriformis" ont été les espèces parasites dominantes. Le déterminisme génétique de la résistance est mis en évidence chez les chevreaux de 6 mois par une tendance à un effet père significatif dans tous les environnements. Le classement relatif des 13 boucs est corrélé dans les 2 milieux nutritionnels favorables : + 0,83 (P<0,001). En revanche, la corrélation n’est pas significative entre les milieux nutritionnels favorables et le milieu nutritionnel défavorable. Ce résultat semble indiquer que des mécanismes biologiques gouvernés par des gènes de résistance différents s’expriment dans un milieu nutritionnel favorable et dans un milieu nutritionnel défavorable. Aucune variabilité génétique n’est mise en évidence sur les mesures à 10 mois du fait d’un niveau d’infestation insuffisant des chevreaux.
Génétique de la sensibilité à la tremblante ovine : recherches en cours et perspectives
Authors: ELSEN J.M. , BARILLET F. , VU TIEN KHANG J. , SCHELCHER F. , AMIGUES Y. , LAPLANCHE J.L. , POIVEY J.P. , EYCHENNE F.
Published: July 2020

Dans plusieurs espèces (homme, souris, mouton), la sensibilité aux encéphalopathies spongiformes subaiguës transmissibles (ESST) est largement contrôlée par le génotype de l’hôte. Une part majeure de la variabilité génétique observée vient d’un gène, dont plusieurs arguments permettent de penser qu’il s’agit du gène Prn-pcodant pour la protéine prion PrP, qui pourrait, selon certains auteurs, être l’agent causal de ces pathologies ou être associé à ce dernier. L’analyse moléculaire de la structure du gène Prn-p chez le mouton montre la ségrégation d’allèles différant les uns des autres par une mutation ponctuelle. Une sélection pour la résistance à la tremblante, basée sur des analyses en laboratoire du gène Prn-p, est donc envisageable dans cette espèce. La mise en place d’une telle sélection pose cependant plusieurs problèmes théoriques et pratiques : les animaux résistants pourraient-ils constituer un réservoir d’infection ? Les animaux résistants à une souche de tremblante pourraient-ils se révéler sensibles à une autre ? Le coût de cette sélection est-il acceptable ? Comment l’organiser au mieux ?
Para Além da Reprodução do Conhecimento: Análise do Desempenho de Estudantes de Singapura e do Brasil com base no Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes (PISA)
Authors: Radons Daiane Lindner , Ceretta Paulo Sergio
Published: July 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar comparativamente os fatores que influenciam o desempenho dos estudantes no Letramento do Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Estudantes (PISA) dos países de Singapura e do Brasil. Para tanto, foram utilizados os dados dos questionários respondidos pelos estudantes no PISA 2015. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir de Regressão Linear Múltipla, englobando características específicas de plano amostral complex survey. Os resultados demonstram que o Índice de retorno percebido é o fator que mais afeta positivamente o Letramento dos estudantes de Singapura, enquanto que, para os estudantes brasileiros, o Índice de defasagem é o que mais impacta positivamente o desempenho no teste, indicando que os alunos que estão na série equivalente à sua idade apresentam melhores resultados. Além disso, algumas diferenças entre os sexos feminino e masculino foram identificadas.
PARTISIPASI TOKOH MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN CIPINANG MUARA KECAMATAN JATINEGARA JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Adman Adman
Published: July 2020

Abstrak: Dampak pembangunan selain bersifat positif yaitu semakin memacu peningkatan sosial ekonomi kelompok masyarakat tertentu, juga menimbulkan aspek negatif, khususnya semakin memperjelas jurang perbedaan antara kelompok masyarakat yang semakin berdaya dan kelompok masyarakat yang semakin terpinggirkan. karena relative tidak menikmati kemajuan dari pembangunan tersebut. Beberapa penyebab munculnya perbedan ini adalah karena masyarakat yang terpinggirkan tersebut tidak memiliki wawasan, sikap mental, dan kompetensi yang dapat mengatasi kesenjangan sosial ekonomi.Kondisi ini apabila dibiarkan terus menerus dapat semakin memperuncing masalah. Berbagai problem akan semakin muncul tanpa dapat diatasi oleh sebagian besar warga masyarakat. Dalam kondisi inilah, maka pemberdayaan masyarakat dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk membangun kompetensi masyarakat khususnya di DKI Jakarta, agar mereka mampu membangun berbagai kompetensi dirinya dan pada akhirnya mampu membangun kesejahteraan masyarakat.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa bagaimana tingkat partisipasi tokoh masyarakat sebagai pihak yang sangat dihormati dan berperan penting dalam inisiatif, membangun idealisme, semangat dan keteguhan sikap mental serta kekuatan pengendalian sosial dalam membangun keberdayaan masyarakat. Tokoh masyarakat sebagai kunci keberhasilan pada proses pemberdayaan masyarakat kelurahan (PPMK) ditinjau dari aspek bina ekonomi, bina fisik lingkungan, dan bina sosial. Metodologi penelitian adalah survei. Sampel yang digunakan purposive sampel, dengan jumlah sampel 63 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket tertutup dengan model skala Likert yang dikonversi dalam bentuk persentase Tinggi, Sedang, dan Rendah dengan jawaban masing-masing diberikan kode dan skor (bobot), Kode (a) diberi skor (bobot) 3, Kode (b) diberi skor (bobot) 2, Kode (c) diberi skor (bobot) 1. Alat Pengumpulan data menggunakan enam Indikator dengan nilai persentase 90,48 %, 76,46 %, 82,81 %, 80,16 ("0, 83,77 %, dan 77,51 % dalam kategori tinggiatau baik. Dari hasil penelitian dengan hasil analisis skor atas indikator dari variabel yang diteliti dapat disimpulkan bahwa  tingkat partisipasi tokoh masyarakat terhadap pelaksanaanprogram pemberdayaan masyarakat di Kelurahan Cipinang Muara Kecamatan Jatinegara Jakarta Timur berada pada kategori tinggi.
Pembelajaran Keterampilan Berbahasa Arab Reseptif (Telaah Perbandingan Pemikiran Ibrahim Abdul Alim dan Jack C. Richards)
Authors: Umbar Kisno
Published: July 2020

في تعلم اللغة الاستقبالي يتم تضمينها في استراتيجيات تعلم اللغة المتعلقة بالاستماع ومهارات القراءة. هاتين المهارتين هما أساس الذهاب إلى مرحلة مهارة الكلام والكتابة أيضا. على الرغم من العديد من الافتراضات ، لم تكن هذه الاستراتيجية التقديرية قادرة على حل المشاكل المتعلقة بتعلم اللغة اليوم ، ولكن مراجعة أفكار القادة الذين طوروا هذه الأفكار هي مسألة ملحة يجب القيام بها من أجل التحديث. في هذه الحالة ، اختار المؤلف شخصيتين هما إبراهيم عبد العليم وجاك سي ريتشاردز. في دراسة الكتاب ، اتفق الرقمان على أن تعلم اللغة يجب أن يكون له نمط واضح ، بدءا من النهج المستخدم ، تصميم التعلم بما في ذلك أهداف النهج ، وإجراءات التنفيذ. كما فعل ريتشاردز ، قام هذا بتنقيح الفكرة من أنتوني ثم جعل هذه الطريقة هي الأساس الرئيسي لتعلم اللغة ، ثم اتبعها النهج ، والتصميم ، وتقنيات التنفيذ. وبالمثل مع إبراهيم عبد العليم الذي شرح أسلوبه وفقا لمستوى القدرة والمعرفة من الطلاب ، لكنه لم يتبع بوضوح مؤامرة ريتشاردز ، لكنه شرح أيضا غرض وأساليب التدريس في الفصول الدراسية.
Program Arabic Club dalam Meningkatkan Komunikasi-Produktif Bahasa Arab Santri MTs Qudsiyah Putri
Authors: Ihsan Ihsan
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam penguasaan komunikasi-poduktif bahasa Arab melalui program Arabic Club. Disamping itu juga untuk mengetahui penerapan program Arabic Club serta faktor perdukung dan penghambatnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti sebagai human instrument berfungsi untuk menetapkan fokus penelitian, memilih informan sebagai sumber data, melakukan pengumpulan data, meneliti kualitas data, analisis data, menafsirkan data dan membuat kesimpulan. Hasil yang di dapat dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut; 1) adanya peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi-produktif bahasa siswa pada pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Kemampuan ini muncul sebab siswa merasa percaya diri dan termotivasi untuk belajar bahasa Arab di kelas formal setelah mengikuti program Arabic Club, 2) program ini dilaksanakan dengan prinsip belajar yang mudah dan menyenangkan tetapi tetap mengutamankan tujuan pembelajaran atau bisa disebut pembelajaran yang efektif, 3) faktor pendukung bersifat internal dari siswa dan ekternal, sedang penghambat yang ditemukan bersifat eksternal siswa.
PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER MELALUI MEMBACA “NARRATIVE TEXT” DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS DI MI SALAFIYAH KAJEN PATI
Authors: Susilowati Retno
Published: July 2020

Penanaman karakter pada anak merupakan tujuan utama dari kurikulum tiga belas.. Penanaman karakter ini dapat dilakukan melalui pembiasaan literasi yang merupakan program pemerintah sekarang ini. Dengan membaca siswa akan mendapatkan banyak pengetahuan yang menunjang pendidikan karakter anak. Membaca teks narrative bahasa inggris yang berbentuk cerita pendek dalam pembelajaran bahasa inggris mampu memberikan pengajaran yang mengandung moral value atau nilai-nilai luhur yang terkandung dalam teks. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris melalui membaca narrative text dan juga untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai moral yang terkandung dalam teks narrative. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitative dengan data yang dikumpulkan melauli observasi, interview dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan: pertama, pelaksanaan pembelajaran membaca narrative text di MI Salafiyah dilakukan dengan beberapa proses, yakni melalui pengklasifikasian struktur text narrative yang terdiri dari orientation, conflict, dan resolution. Kedua, pemahaman text secara keseluruhan dengan mencari nilai-nilai moral yang terkandung dalam cerita. Pembelajaran membaca narrative text ini merupakan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan karena narrative text mampu menghibur pembaca dengan cerita-cerita yang lucu, menarik sehingga siswa lebih mudah menyerap nilai-nilai moral yang terkandung di dalamnya.
Development of Contextual-Based Teaching Materials in The Course of Magnetic Electricity
Authors: Yolanda Yaspin
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is (1). To find out the characteristics of magnetic electric teaching materials that fit the needs of STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau City. (2). To find out the feasibility of teaching materials. The research and development model used by the Borg and Gall model, because it is very suitable for developing and validating educational products. The study was conducted at Physics Student STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau who took the Electric Magnet course. Teaching Materials are validated by experts namely material, language, and graphic design experts. Teaching Materials are also measured practicality levels with one-to-one trials (Revision-1), small group trials (Revision-2), and Final tests (Revision-3). Based on the results of the study show (1) Magnetic electric teaching materials that fit students' needs are contextual based magnetic electric teaching materials and (2) Based on evaluations following the suggestions and responses from experts. shows the quality of contextual-based physics teaching materials with the overall percentage of these components is very feasible. So that magnetic teaching materials are valid and practical.
Analysis of Learning Activity Facilitating Argumentation Skill on Cloning Topic in Islamic Senior High Schools by Using Video
Authors: Alindra Afridha Laily , Widodo Ari Widodo , Rahman Taufik Rahman , Riandi Riandi Riandi
Published: July 2020

Students will achieve the expected science education outcomes by giving more chances for scientific argumentation through building an argument, considering it, and debating various explanations on the phenomena. The learning activity is a complex and fast process, therefore the use of video can be a solution since the learning process can be explained in detail and observed repeatedly so that it can be analyzed properly. This study aims to analyze learning activities that facilitate the argumentation in biology on the topic of cloning in high schools. The study was conducted in three Islamic-based Private High Schools in South Tangerang City, Banten Province, Indonesia. The descriptive analysis method for Biology learning activities is recorded in full by using a video camera, then the video is transcribed and analyzed to determine the continuity of argumentation skills. The results of the analysis show that there is still a lack of scientific argumentation skills in learning cloning topic. Learning experiences taken by students have not provided an opportunity for in-depth scientific argumentation. It is necessary for biology learning efforts which can improve students' science argumentation skills.
Model Pendampingan Guru terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Anak (Studi Kasus di Raudlatul Athfal Manbaul Falah Sidorejo, Pamotan-Rembang)
Authors: Yuliatun Yuliatun
Published: July 2020

Young children need a variety of fun activities and in accordance with the character development. Potential Capacity of reading early childhood is very necessary to be developed through various activities are games and also contains an element of learning. This paper aims to describe a model mentoring of teachers to early childhood reading ability. The author argues the results of research on the area of research in early childhood institutions TK / RA Manbaul Falah Sidorejo Pamotan Rembang as a case study of early childhood learning activities in reading membelajarkan activity on students. With descriptive method qualitative and psychological approach, the study found some things that the underlying model of early childhood assistance in developing reading skills, including writing and arithmetic. As a result, that model of mentoring teachers to early childhood literacy refers to two things, namely the realization that every child has the potential ability to read early and that the environment sagat need to explore and develop. The second thing that will be a reference for early childhood teachers in designing a model of mentoring.
Bermain sebagai Metode Pembelajaran bagi Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Zaini Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Every parent can certainly always look forward to the baby’s presence.
The presence of children would add to the happiness in the household. For getting good education, children should start it at their early age even while still in the womb. Early childhood between 4 to 6 years known as pre-school age children are by the experts called them as the golden age, because the intellect in this period increased by 50%. There are so many methods that can be done to children aged prematurely. One of them is playing. Learning while playing or playing while learning can be fun and entertaining for children. Playing will improve aspects of physical, mental, intellectual and spiritual children. They will find new things that
have not ever known before. The playing has benefits and influences for children, including strengthening the physical (body) through muscular movements, develop personality, improve communication, and so on. The types of play that can be done is through the method of social playing, playing with objects and as well as playing a role. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages of each. However, the important thing is not to impose less favorable learning them, because basically the world is a world-age children play, playing while learning or learning through playing method.
Mengembangkan Kecerdasan Anak melalui Pendidikan Usia Dini
Authors: Rakhmawati Istina
Published: July 2020

Nowadays there are many parents who recruit children to have
education until junior high school or vocational school. It is because of financial
case and parents just follow the attitude of society in general. Going to school is
not a requirement but merely the fulfillment of social needs. They are afraid to
say miser for not sending their children, their worries will be removed from the
social community for not sending their children, and there are also those who feel
guilty if they do not send their children there. In short, the school is only as the
fulfillment of social needs. What happened to these people? Apparently, they never
send children and grandchildren since hereditary. If they go to school, it is just as
a formality, so that education will have no impact on the change in mindset and
behavior in everyday life. Their children already can be sure to have “poisoned”
with the mindset that is not profitable, so they receive only for the school and this
against the current by the word of God, which means: “O ye who believe, guard
yourselves and your families from a fire hell that fuel is men and stones; guardian
angels of the rough, tough, who do not disobey Allah in what He commands them
and always do what they’re told.”