bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zink Efektif Mengatasi Diare Akut Pada Balita
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Rustina Yeni , Wanda Dessie
Published: May 2019

Diare merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian pada bayi dan anak-anak di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengidentifikasi efektifitas pemberian zink dalam mengatasi diare akut pada balita di salah satu puskesmas di KalimantanBarat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuasi eksperimental dengan jenis nonequivalent control group after only design.Jumlah sampel berjumlah 40 anak balita yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaanyang signifikan pada frekuensi defekasi dan durasi diare pada kedua kelompok (p= 0,000; α= 0,05). Jadi dapat disimpulkanbahwa pemberian zink efektif untuk menangani diare akut pada balita sehingga dapat mencegah akibat lanjut dari diare.
Penurunkan Tekanan Darah Pada Pasien Hipertensi Melalui Brisk Walking Exercise
Authors: Sukarmin Sukarmin , Nurachmah Elly , Gayatri Dewi
Published: May 2019

Brisk walking exercise merupakan salah satu bentuk moderate aerobic exercise yang direkomendasikan oleh ahli jantung di Amerika dan Eropa sebagai salah satu perubahan gaya hidup pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh brisk walking exercise terhadap tekanan darah pasien hipertensi di Kudus. Penelitian dilakukan pada penderita hipertensi di unit rawat jalan dua rumah sakit di Kudus dengan metode penelitian eksperimen randomized control trial (RCT) dengan pendekatan pre dan post with control. Penelitian dilakukan pada 42 responden ( 21 responden kelompok kontrol dan 21 kelompok intervensi). Hasil uji paired t test perubahan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik kelompok kontrol menunjukan adanya nilai yang bermakna (p= 0,000 dan p= 0,026; α= 0,05). Untuk itu, perlu adanya penerapan brisk walking untuk penatalaksanaan hipertensi di rumah sakit maupun puskesmas (komunitas).
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kelengkapan Pendokumentasian Asuhan Keperawatan
Authors: Siswanto L. M. Harmain , Hariyati Rr Tutik Sri , Sukihananto Sukihananto
Published: May 2019

Kelengkapan pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan merupakan bagian dari kualitas pelayanan keperawatan di rumah sakit. Pelaksanaan pendokumentasian adalah indikator kinerja perawat yang dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik dan beban kerja perawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara karakteristik, beban kerja perawat dan kelengkapan pendokumentasian asuhan keperawatan di Ruang Umum Instalasi Rawat Inap RS. Desain penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif yang dilakukan pada tiga ruang rawat inap. Pengukuran kelengkapan dokumentasi menggunakan instrumen A Depkes dengan sampel 95 dokumen. Pengukuran beban kerja menggunakan teknik continous observation dengan sampel 46 perawat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendokumentasian rata-rata belum lengkap (71,6%), dan beban kerja perawat sebagian besar tinggi (52,2%). Faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kelengkapan pendokumentasian adalah pelatihan dan beban kerja. Ada hubungan antara masa kerja, pelatihan dan beban kerja dengan kelengkapan pendokumentasian. Direkomendasikan untuk pelatihan pendokumentasian bagi perawat dan meninjau ulang jumlah perawat serta penempatan tenaga sesuai dengan beban kerja di ruangan.
Perbedaan Persepsi Harapan antara Keluarga dan Lansia tentang Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Lansia Selama Tinggal Bersama
Authors: Hamid Achir Yani S , Dibah Rislah
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan perbedaan persepsi keluarga dan lansia tentang pemenuhan kebutuhan lansia selama mereka tinggal bersama. Sampel terdiri dari tiga puluh keluarga (anak/menantu wanita Lansia) dan 30 Lansia wanita yang dipilih secara purposive dan tinggal dalam satu rumah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang besar antara harapan keluarga dengan Lansia dalam hampir semua pemenuhan kebutuhan Lansia, kecuali kebutuhan spiritual. The purpose of this research was to describe the different perception of expectation between the family and the elderly concerning their needs. Thirty families (daughter daughter in law) and 30 Elderly women who were pusposefully selected and stayed at the same house. The result of this study revealed that there were different expectations as perceived by families and the elderly woman for all aspects of the elderly needs expect for spiritual needs.
Komunikasi Efektif dalam Bimbingan Klinik Keperawatan
Authors: Keliat Budi Anna
Published: May 2019

Keperawatan sebagai profesi memerlukan program pendidikan yang menekankan proses pembelajaran klinik dengan memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta didik untuk menerapkan ilmu pengetahuan yang diperoleh dalam praktek.Pembelajaran klinik memerlukan komunikasi efektif terutama antara pembimbing dengan peserta dengan peserta didik dan pembimbing dengan tim kesehatan yang memungkinkan suasana kondusif untuk suatu proses belajar. Berbagai strategi pembinaan hubungan yang efektif disertai contoh peran merupakan hal yang penting untuk dipelajari dan dimengerti. Nursing as profession requires educational program emphasizing on clinical teaching-learning process by providing opportunities to nursing students to apply their knowledge into practice. Clinical teaching-learning process requires the ability of the clinical instructor to communicate effectively with the nursing students as well as with other health team in order to create the conducive atmosphere for the students. Several strategies in establishing effective relationships and being a role model particularly for the students are very crucial to be learned and understood.
Asuhan Keperawatan Klien dengan Fraktur
Authors: Handiyani Hanny
Published: May 2019

Konsep asuhan keperawatan klien dengan fraktur sudah banyak yang telah membahasnya. Namun tidak ada salahnya diulas kembali sebagai sumber bacaan bagi perawat lapangan, agar praktik keperawatan yang dilaksanakan dapat berdasarkan ilmu keperawatan praktis. Trauma muskuskeletal, khususnya fraktur memerlukan pemberian asuhan keperawatan yang komprehensif. Asuhan terutama ditujukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar klien yang terganggu dan mencegah mengurangi komplikasi terutama terhadap immobilisasi. Pendidikan kesehatan juga dapat diberikan untuk mencegah cedera lebih lanjut sehingga klien secara bertahap dapat mengoptimalkan fungsi bio-psiko-sosio-spiritualnya. The concept of nursing care for client with fracture has been discussed by many authors. But it is always interesting to discuss it as reference for nurses working in the hospital.Musculoskeletal trauma, especially fracture requires a comprehensive nursing care. The purpose of nursing care is to meet the disturbed basic human need of the client and to prevent client from further complication caused by immobilization.The purpose of health education is to prevent the impact of injury and to support the client to obtain the optimal level of bio-psycho-sosio-spiritual functioning.
Distribusi dan Utilisasi Lulusan: Suatu Survey
Authors: Rustina Yeni
Published: May 2019

Lulusan merupakan hasil dari proses pendidikan. Utilisasi, distribusi lulusan dan relevansi anatara pekerjaan yang ditekuni dengan pengetahuan yang di dapat selama pendidikan dapat member masukan terhadap sistem pendidikan secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi distribusi, utilisasi lulusan dan relevansi antara pekerjaan yang ditekuni dengan pendidikan yang didapat. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah berupa survey dengan menyebarkan angket kepada seluruh lulusan Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia melalui pos. Pengolahan data dilakukan secara elektrik dengan menggunakan program SSP. Analisa data dibantu uji statistic univariat. Dari 461 angket yang disebar, terkumpul kembali 200 angket (43%). Hasil yang diperoleh memperlihatkan bahwa lulusan Fakultas Imu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia tersebar di 18 provinsi di Indonesia dengan tugas utama bidang pendidikan (70%) dan mayoritas bekerja sebagai dosen (52%) waktu tunggu untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan pertama lulusan yang berasal dari Program A mayoritas (61%) kurang dari satu bulan. Dari penelitian ini Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan mendapatkan beberapa masukan yaitu metoda pembelajaran yang dirasakan paling menunjang keberhasilan proses belajar mengajar adalah praktek klinik (23,5%); dan diskusi kelompok (19,2%) dan perlu lebih meningkatkan mata ajar Pendidikan dalam Keperawatan, Manajemen Keperawatan, dan Riset Keperawatan. Graduate is output of an education process. Graduates utilization, distribution and its relevance between their current position and the gained knowledge during education can provide inputs to the whole education systems. This study was aimed at identifying graduates distribution, utilization and its relevance between the alumni current position and the gained knowledge. The methodology in this study was a survey. Data were collected by sending mailed questionnaires to all graduates of the Faculty of Nursing University of Indonesia throughout the country. The data was analyzed electrically by SSP program. Univariate statistical tests were employed to analyze the data. Four hundred sixty one mailed questionnaires were sent to alumni of Program A & B, and 200 questionnaires were returned (43%). The findings indicated that the graduates of the Faculty of Nursing of University of Indonesia who spread out in 18 provinces in Indonesia have been working in the field of education (70%) and the majority position as faculty members (52%). The waiting period to get the first job for those who were graduated from Program A (61%) was less than 1 month. Through this study, the Faculty of Nursing UI. The inputs identified the methods of learning process which were assumed as very encouraging ways for successful teaching learning processes. There were clinical practice (23,5%) and group discussion (19,2), mean while the courses which were significantly needed to be improved were Leadership & Management in Nursing and Nursing Research.
Peran Keluarga dalam Meningkatkan Kesehatan Jiwa Lansia di Rumah
Authors: Wiarsih Wiwin
Published: May 2019

Seseorang yang berusia lanjut akan mengalami perubahan-perubahan akibat penurunan fungsi sistem tubuh. Salah satu perubahan tersebut adalah perubahan kejiwaan. Masalah kesehtan jiwa lansia yang sering muncul adalah gangguan proses piker yang ditandai dengan lupa, pikun, bingung, dan curiga; gangguan perasaan diantaranya ditandai dengan kelelahan, acuh tak acuh, mudah tersinggung; gangguan fisik/somatic tanpa penyebab yang jelas meliputi gangguan pola tidur, gangguan makan dan minum; gangguan perilaku ditandai dengan enggan berhubungan dengan orang lain, dan ketidakmampuan merawat diri sendiri.Keluarga merupakan masyarakat terkecil dimana lansia berada. Perubahan kejiwaan pada lansia akan mempengaruhi status kesehatan keluarga. Oleh karena itu keluarga dan lansia perlu mengetahui perubahan kejiwaan pada lansia agar dapat mencegah terjadinya gangguan jiwa pada lansia. Keterlibatan keluarga akan menentukan keberhasilan perawatan kesehatan jiwa lansia yang digambarkan pada tulisan ini. Abstract Changing in physical and psychosocial in elderly associated with aging. The observed changes represent the cumulative effects of heredity, environment, nutrition, rest, activity and altered health state while the most observed changes in psychosocial state of the elderly such as forgetfulress, memory loss, norrowed, attention spans, confusional states and impairment of their mind and emotional states increased accompany with their physical state. Family is the closest person around the elderly, a caring attitude, calm conversation and promotion of the comfort contribute to the relief of confusional states, and also emotional support helps the family cope with the elderly persons disorientation and confusion. Family is the most important person to help the elderly in maintaining their health states physically and psychosocially.Keywords: Changing in physical and psychosocial states in elderly, family participation.
Perkembangan Manajemen Perawatan Luka : Dulu dan Kini
Authors: Gayatri Dewi
Published: May 2019

Manajemen keperawatan luka mengalami pasang surut dalam perkembangannya. Pada awalnya, penanganan luka berdasarkan pengalaman dan kepercayaan yang dianut. Dahulu, perawatan luka bertujuan untuk mengontrol perdarahan dan menutupinya dengan bahan-bahan yang mudah diperoleh seperti lumpur, dedaunan, lumut, dll. Dan dalam proses penyembuhan turut melibatkan ahli agama dan astronom. Pemberian zat-zat topical dan besi panas sehingga luka menjadi infeksi terus berlangsung hingga adanya penemuan Lister dan Pasteur. Penemuan Lister dan Pasteur menyebabkan penggunaan antiseptic meningkat secara pesat selama Perang Dunia (PD) I untuk meminimalkan kejadian infeksi. Perkembangan balutan modern dimulai pada pertengahan abad 20 mengubah konsep yang sebelumnya dianut, dan sejak itu terjadi banyak penemuan baru yang menghasilkan balutan oklusif. Hingga saat ini penelitian-penelitian terus dilakukan untuk mencari alternative balutan baru. Wound management expands from time to time and changes rapidly. In the old time, people used variety of different treatments in managing wounds based on experience and belief. Historically, wound management aimed to control bleeding and to cover the wound with dressing made by available materials such as mud, leaves, lichen, etc. the treatments involved priests and astronomer. Covering wound with topical agent and hot iron had made the wound to be infectied. The situation continued until the discoveries of Pasteur and Lister. The discoveries of Lister and Pasteur resulted an increase used of antiseptic in order to minimize wound infection.The development of modern wound dressing which started in the mind 20th century has changed the conventional dressing. Since then many new discoveries has resulted in occlusive dressing. Nowdays, the research has focused on the development of new dressing technology.
MENINGKATKAN STATUS GIZI BALITA MELALUI ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN KELUARGA DI WILAYAH KELURAHAN RAWA BUNGA KECAMATAN JATINEGARA JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Widyatuti Widyatuti
Published: May 2019

Kasus kurang gizi pada balita di Indonesia merupakan masalah kesehatan yang belum teratasi secara tuntas sampai saat ini. Terjadinya krisis moneter sejak 1997 semakin memicu peningkatan kasus tersebut. Salah satu media televisi pada bulan Februari 2000 menyebutkan bahwa lebih dari 2000 balita mengalami gizi buruk bahkan sampai menimbulkan kematian. Keadaan ini merupakan masalah bagi masyarakat Indonesia karena dapat kehilangan satu generasi. Selama ini pemberdayaan keluarga belum dioptimalkan, maka direncanakan penerapan asuhan keperawatan keluaga untuk mengatasi masalah kurang gizi di masyarakat. Penelitian ini sebagai salah satu contoh untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, bertujuan untuk melihat apakah ada penigkatan status gizi balita di RW 05 Kelurahan Rawa Bunga Kecamatan Jatinegara melalui asuhan keperawatan keluaraga. Hasil penelitian dengan intervensi selama 4 bulan terhadap balita kurang gizi terjadi peningkatan sebesar 13,98% yang menurut analisa statistic uji Wilcoxon bermakna. Malnutrition for children under five years in Indonesia is one of health problems that has not solved yet. Monetary crisis since 1997 in Indonesia became the trigger of malnutrition case. One of TV in February 2000 informed that more than 2000 children has poor nutrition status sometimes become cause of death. This situation will become danger for Indonesia society cause we may loose one generation. Family empowerment has not prepared optimally in giving family care. Because of that it was planned an implementation of family nursing care to solve malnutrition cases in the community. This study is an example for solving malnutrition problem, which purpose to see whether there is an increasing level of children under five years nutrition status through family nursing care at RW 05 Sub District Rawa Bunga District Jatinegara. The study increasing nutritional status of under five years children t0 13,98 after 4 months intervention regarding to Wilcoxon statistical analysis.
Deteksi dan Pencegahan Depresi Postpartum
Authors: Afianti Yati
Published: May 2019

Depresi postpartum merupakan suatu masalah serius yang dapat dialami wanita setelah melahirkan. Selain menimbulkan akibat-akibat yang merugikan (adverse effects) yang langsung dirasakan oleh wanita yang mengalaminya, depresi postpartum dapat menimbulkan efek buruk jangka panjang yang tidak hanya merugikan wanita penderita, tapi juga bagi seluruh anggota keluarganya. Umtuk itu deteksi dan pencegahan depresi postpartum merupakan suatu yang penting dilakukan oleh para penyedia pelayanan kesehatan. Suatu kenyataan depresi postpartum tidak mudah dideteksi karena berbagai masalah dapat ditemui dalam melakukan deteksi dan pencegahan depresi postpartum. Hal ini memerlukan penanganan yang serius dari penyedia pelayanan kesehatan termasuk para perawat untuk mencari penyelesaina masalah postpartum. Postpartum depression is a serious problem, which can be experienced by women after delivery. It has adverse the effect, both in magnitude and in the long-term effect that not only on the women, but also their entire families. Detecting and preventing of postpartum depression is crucial to be done by health care providers. In fact, postpartum depression is difficult to detect because many problem that have been found in detection and prevention postpartum depression. It requires treatment seriously from health care provider including nurses in dealing with this problem.
PERBANDINGAN BEBERAPA RUMUS UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI BERAT BADAN LAHIR BERDASARKAN PENGUKURAN TINGGI FUNDUS UTERI
Authors: Gayatri Dewi , Afiyanti Yati
Published: May 2019

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini membandingkan rumus Niswander, Johnson, SML, SFH, dan modifikasi Niswander untuk mengestimasi berat badan janin yang akan lahir pada populasi Jakarta.Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah potong lintang, dimana pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan catatan rekam medik. Penelitian ini melibatkan 223 responden di Puskesmas Pembina Tebet, Jakarta. Hasil temuan penelitian ini adalah diketahui bahwa rumus Niswander, Johnson, SML, dan SFH tidak cukup valid untuk estimasi berat badan lahir janin untuk populasi ibu hamil di Indonesia (p=0,000). Hanya rumus modifikasi Niswander (dari Farid dan Sukarya) yang cukup valid untuk melakukan estimasi berat badan lahir janin untuk populasi tersebut (p=0,205). Kesimpulan dari studi ini adalah rumus-rumus untuk memperkirakan berat-badan lahir janin yang berasal dari penelitipeneliti Barat tidak sesuai digunakan untuk populasi ibu hamil di Indonesia. AbstractThe purposes of the research were to compare Niswander, Johnson, SML, SFH, and Niswander’s modified rules in estimating fetal birth weight on the Population in Jakarta. The design of this study was a cross-sectional that using the medical record. 223 respondens were participated in the study at Puskesmas Pembina Tebet, Jakarta. The result of this study showed that the Niswander’s rule, Johnson’s rule, SML’s rule, and SFH’s rule are not valid to estimate the fetal birth weight for the Indonesian pregnant population (p=0.000) and only the modified Niswander’s rule that enough to be valid on this population (p=0.205). The conclusion of this study showed that the rules from the westerns researchers for estimating the fetal birth weight is not appropriate to be used the Indonesian pregnant.
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMATIKA DALAM DUNIA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Hariyati Rr. Tutik Sri
Published: May 2019

AbstrakPada era perkembangan teknologi terjadi beberapa pergeseran bentuk metode pemberian pendidikan, kalau dahulu kita kenal bahwa pembelajaran terjadi di kelas dan jika ada interaksi antara pengajar dan peserta didik pada waktu dan tempat yang sama maka saat ini hal tersebut sudah berubah. Banyaknya metode pembelajaran jarak jauh yang berbasis web, maka proses pembelajaran dapat dilaksanakan di mana saja dan kapan saja. Peserta didik dapat belajar di rumah, di tempat kerja atau di perpustakaan. Ini sangat memudahkan peserta didik. Tulisan ini memaparkan tentang penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam pendidikan khususnya pendidikan keperawatan di Indonesia serta kendala yang dihadapinya. AbstractIn the era of high technology a revolution in learning has occurred and has moved from classroom and synchronous to a more independent and asynchronous method. Distance learning based on web makes many students have access to learn any time and anywhere whether they want it-at home, at work, or in the local library. It is very flexible for students. The article discusses about information technology in nursing education and also the problems that are usually encountered in Indonesia.
Kinematic and Kinetic Comparison of Fresh Frozen and Thiel-Embalmed Human Feet for Suitability for Biomechanical Educational and Research Settings
Authors: Gatt Alfred , Schembri-Wismayer Pierre , Chockalingam Nachiappan , Formosa Cynthia
Published: May 2019

Background:

In vitro biomechanical testing of the human foot often involves the use of fresh frozen cadaveric specimens to investigate interventions that would be detrimental to human subjects. The Thiel method is an alternative embalming technique that maintains soft-tissue consistency similar to that of living tissue. However, its suitability for biomechanical testing is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether Thiel-embalmed foot specimens exhibit kinematic and kinetic biomechanical properties similar to those of fresh frozen specimens.

Methods:

An observational study design was conducted at a university biomechanics laboratory. Three cadavers had both limbs amputated, with one being fresh frozen and the other preserved by Thiel's embalming. Each foot was tested while undergoing plantarflexion and dorsiflexion in three states: unloaded and under loads of 10 and 20 kg. Their segment kinematics and foot pressure mapping were assessed simultaneously.

Results:

No statistically significant differences were detected between fresh frozen and Thiel-embalmed sample pairs regarding kinematics and kinetics.

Conclusions:

These findings highlight similar kinematic and kinetic properties between fresh frozen and Thiel-embalmed foot specimens, thus possibly enabling these specimens to be interchanged due to the latter specimens' advantage of delayed decomposition. This can open innovative opportunities for the use of these specimens in applications related to the investigation of dynamic foot function in research and education.
Extracorporeal Pulse-Activated Therapy versus Injection: Treatment of Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Grady John , Boumendjel Yelena , LaViolette Kathryn , Smolinski Trevor
Published: May 2019

Background:

Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common clinical presentations seen by podiatric clinicians today. With corticosteroid injection being a classic treatment modality and extracorporeal pulse-activated therapy (EPAT) technology improving, the purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare pain and functional outcomes of patients with plantar fasciitis treated with either injection or EPAT.

Methods:

Between November 1, 2014, and April 30, 2016, 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria were treated with either corticosteroid injection or EPAT. Patients were evaluated with both the visual analog scale (VAS) and the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Hindfoot Score at each visit.

Results:

The EPAT was found to reduce pain on the VAS by a mean of 1.98 points, whereas corticosteroid injection reduced pain by a mean of 0.94 points. This was a significant reduction in the VAS score for EPAT compared with corticosteroid injection (P = .035).

Conclusions:

Extracorporeal pulse-activated therapy is as effective as corticosteroid injection, if not more so, for the treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis and should be considered earlier in the treatment course of plantar fasciitis.
Crystal-Induced Arthritis After Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Dang Le Hoang Nam , Kim Jong-Kil , Lee Kwang-Bok
Published: May 2019

The causes of late-onset pain after total ankle replacement (TAR) are various, and include infection, subsidence, polyethylene spacer failure, osteolysis, and wear. There are few reports of late-onset pain caused by gouty attacks after total knee and hip arthroplasty. In addition, no research has reported gouty attacks after total ankle arthroplasty. Therefore, we report a case of a gouty attack after total ankle replacement. A 43-year-old man presented with pain after total ankle arthroplasty performed 5 years previously. We found a white-yellow crystalline deposit within the synovial tissue during ankle arthroscopy, confirmed by histologic examination.
Natural depletion of histone H1 in sex cells causes DNA demethylation, heterochromatin decondensation and transposon activation
Authors: He Shengbo , Vickers Martin , Zhang Jingyi , Feng Xiaoqi
Published: May 2019

Transposable elements (TEs), the movement of which can damage the genome, are epigenetically silenced in eukaryotes. Intriguingly, TEs are activated in the sperm companion cell – vegetative cell (VC) – of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the extent and mechanism of this activation are unknown. Here we show that about 100 heterochromatic TEs are activated in VCs, mostly by DEMETER-catalyzed DNA demethylation. We further demonstrate that DEMETER access to some of these TEs is permitted by the natural depletion of linker histone H1 in VCs. Ectopically expressed H1 suppresses TEs in VCs by reducing DNA demethylation and via a methylation-independent mechanism. We demonstrate that H1 is required for heterochromatin condensation in plant cells and show that H1 overexpression creates heterochromatic foci in the VC progenitor cell. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the natural depletion of H1 during male gametogenesis facilitates DEMETER-directed DNA demethylation, heterochromatin relaxation, and TE activation.
Osteopathic Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With an Atypical Presentation of Coccydynia
Authors: Alexandre Karlbuto , Channell Millicent King
Published: May 2019

A 21-year-old man with atypical coccydynia that radiated bilaterally to his thigh and lower back came for treatment 10 years after coccyx trauma. Pertinent review of systems showed unintentional weight loss of 20 lb over the past 1 to 3 years, a body mass index of 14.94, significant depression, and poor concentration. In addition to treating his pain, we addressed the weight loss and depression that he was experiencing by advising a balanced diet, discovering the origins of what the patient believed caused his depression, and using osteopathic manipulative treatment. The patient was treated with osteopathic manipulative treatment to alleviate somatic dysfunctions diagnosed in the head, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions. At follow-up visits, the patient described a reduction in his pain symptoms from an initial 5 out of 10 to 3 out of 10 on his third visit. This case report outlines the importance of using a holistic approach when treating patients and advocates for using osteopathic manipulative treatment as a viable treatment option for patients with coccydynia.
Longitudinal mode seeding in modulated InGaN laser diodes
Authors: Wachs Matthias , Uhlig Lukas , Schwarz Ulrich T.
Published: May 2019

The modulation of InGaN laser diodes is important for applications such as laser projection in cinemas as well as in virtual and augmented reality applications. Here, a modulation frequency in the 100 MHz to 1 GHz range is necessary. On this timescale, pixel crosstalk is a major issue that affects the intensity and spectral properties. We investigate the spectral and temporal dynamics of InGaN laser diodes driven with different pulse patterns. We identify longitudinal mode seeding as a mechanism between interacting pulses which are spaced by several nanoseconds: photons, remaining in the cavity after the trailing edge of the electric pulse, “seed” consequent pulses and promoting their own longitudinal mode. This leads to a changed spectral–temporal mode pattern of the consequent pulse. The long cavity ring-down time of these photons is a consequence of relatively low losses. Further investigations were performed by streak camera measurements of differently biased laser diodes. For a bias below, but close to, the threshold, the optical gain nearly compensates internal and mirror losses. Additional simulations are performed to confirm the experimental results.
Fisher linear discriminant analysis for classification and prediction of genomic susceptibility to stomach and colorectal cancers based on six STR loci in a northern Chinese Han population
Authors: Hao Shuhong , Ren Ming , Li Dong , Sui Yujie , Wang Qingyu , Chen Gaoyang , Li Zhaoyan , Yang Qiwei
Published: May 2019

Objective

Gastrointestinal cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The aim of this study was to verify whether the genotype of six short tandem repeat (STR) loci including AR, Bat-25, D5S346, ER1, ER2, and FGA is associated with the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) and to develop a model that allows early diagnosis and prediction of inherited genomic susceptibility to GC and CRC.

Methods

Alleles of six STR loci were determined using the peripheral blood of six colon cancer patients, five rectal cancer patients, eight GC patients, and 30 healthy controls. Fisher linear discriminant analysis (FDA) was used to establish the discriminant formula to distinguish GC and CRC patients from healthy controls. Leave-one-out cross validation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to validate the accuracy of the formula. The relationship between the STR status and immunohistochemical (IHC) and tumor markers was analyzed using multiple correspondence analysis.

Results

D5S346 was confirmed as a GC- and CRC-related STR locus. For the first time, we established a discriminant formula on the basis of the six STR loci, which was used to estimate the risk coefficient of suffering from GC and CRC. The model was statistically significant (Wilks’ lambda = 0.471, χ2 = 30.488, df = 13, and p = 0.004). The results of leave-one-out cross validation showed that the sensitivity of the formula was 73.7% and the specificity was 76.7%. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.926, with a sensitivity of 73.7% and a specificity of 93.3%. The STR status was shown to have a certain relationship with the expression of some IHC markers and the level of some tumor markers.

Conclusions

The results of this study complement clinical diagnostic criteria and present markers for early prediction of GC and CRC. This approach will aid in improving risk awareness of susceptible individuals and contribute to reducing the incidence of GC and CRC by prevention and early detection.
Exploring the Possible Role of Nature in Curing Leishmaniasis
Authors: Sharma Ravinder , Gupta Vikas , Chawla Viney , Chawla Pooja
Published: May 2019

Background: Communicable diseases have always been a threat to mankind since times immemorial. Leishmaniasis, an infectious disease caused by protozoan of various species of leishmania, is a major health problem spreading across 98 countries and about 350 million people stand the risk of this infection worldwide. Medical research has struggled a lot to combat this disease.

Objective: Among the various approaches available for treatment of Leishmaniasis, many are costly so there is a need to develop effective but economical and easily available antileishmanial agents.

Methods: Natural products are important source of various new medicaments and their derivatives can be used for synthetic modification and bioactivity optimization. Therefore, in order to fulfil the need for novel, economical, more effective and safer chemotherapeutic agents, scientists have explored Mother Nature in detail.

Results: A number of plant species possess inhibitory activity against certain types of parasites such as Leishmania major, Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania aethiopica, Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania mexicana, Leishmania infantum, Leishmania chagasi and Leishmania donovani. Moreover natural products are economical, safer, more effective and without considerable side effects.

Conclusion: The present review highlights the leishmanicidal activity of various natural products with an insight in to their possible mechanism.
Evaluation of the Insecticidal Potential of Six Plants Leaves Powders against Acanthoscelides obtectus Say on Stored Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Authors: Nta A. I. , Mofunanya A. A. J. , Ogar V. B. , Azuike P. A.
Published: May 2019

Most plant powders possess insecticidal properties and can be used to control insect pests on stored products. This study was conducted to evaluate insecticidal properties of Solanum melongena, Parkia biglobosa. Ipomoea batatas, Colocasia esculenta, Tridax procumbens and Terminalia catappa   against Acanthoscelides obtectus Say, an insect pest of stored Phaseolus vulgaris L. The leaves powder of these plants were assessed for aduticidal and reproduction inhibition potential as well as effect on seed weight in a completely randomized design at three treatment concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 0 as the control. All the test plants investigated exhibited insecticidal activity against A. obtectus. Results showed a trend of variation in adult A. obtectus mortality according to post-treatment days and plants powder concentrations. Results analysis revealed that at 14 days after treatment, T. catappa at 1.5% had the highest significant (P=0.05) mortality of 40.21±0.71i. This was followed by S. melongena which had a similar effect of 39.41± 0.52i at the same concentration (1.5%). The least significant mortality was observed in the control. At 0.5% T.  procumbens, 0.5% Parkia biglobosa, 1.0% I. batatas and 1.0% C. esculenta, leaves powder had comparable effects. It was observed that the control had the highest number of progeny emergence of 181.33 ± 0.88g after six weeks while T. catappa significantly (P=0.05) inhibited progeny at 1.5% followed by 1.5% S. melongena and 1.5% C. esculenta.  Seeds of P. vulgaris treated with 1.5% T. catappa also had the least significant weight loss of 0.93 ± 0.17 g compared to the control which had the highest significant weight loss of 55.68 ± 0.79 g. Though all the plants studied caused significant increase in adult A. obtectus mortality, reduction in progeny emergence and P. vulgaris seed weight loss than the control. Terminalia catappa however, exhibited the best insecticidal potential. Terminalia catappa and Solanum melongena were very effective in inhibiting the reproduction and progeny emergence of A. obtectus, but increased adult mortality resulting in weight loss suggesting their potential in controlling A. obtectus on stored P. vulgaris.
QSAR and Docking Study of Isatin Analogues as Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Sabet Razieh , Khabnadideh Soghra , Fathi Dara , Emami Leila
Published: May 2019

Computational chemistry is a unique method in the drug discovery process?? Explain Why?. In this study 109 molecules containing the isatin backbone were subjected to quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis to find the structure requirements for ligand binding. The structures were sketched and optimized in Hyperchem. The structural invariants used in this study were those obtained from whole molecular structures: by both hyperchem and dragon software (16 types of descriptors). Four chemometrics methods including MLR, FA-MLR, PCR and GA-PLS were employed to make connections between structural parameters and anticancer effects. MLR models revealed the effects of constitutional, functional, geometrical, WHIM and GETAWAY descriptors having higher impact on anticancer activity of the compounds. GA-PLS showed functional, constitutional and chemical descriptor indices to be the most significant parameters on anticancer activity. Moreover, the result of FA-MLR analysis revealed the effects of functional descriptors on the anticancer activity. A comparison between the different statistical methods employed and the results indicated that GA-PLS represented superior results and could explain and predict 81% and 78% variances in the PIC50 data, respectively. Docking studies of these compounds were also investigated and promising results were obtained showing that some compounds were introduced as a good candidate for cancer agents.
β-Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Use Across Medicare Administrative Contractor Regions
Authors: Marcum Zachary A. , Nunag Dominic , Bress Adam P. , Pruzin Jeremy
Published: December 2024

This cross-sectional study assesses variation in β-amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) use among Medicare beneficiaries with mild cognitive impairment or dementia by Medicare Administrative Contractor region.
National Trends in Pediatric Inpatient Capacity
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A. , Cushing Anna M. , Bucholz Emily M.
Published: December 2024

This cross-sectional study evaluates recent trends in pediatric inpatient capacity, including the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Crystal structure of a novel heterooligomeric aminotransferase from Serratia sp. ATCC 39006 provides insights into function
Authors: Pramono Heru , Yoshida Ayako , Hirashima Yuki , Sone Yusuke , Terada Tohru , Kosono Saori , Nishiyama Makoto
Published: December 2024

Serratia sp. ATCC 39006 has two tandemly positioned genes, ser4 and ser5, both annotated as sugar aminotransferases, in a putative secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene cluster. Ser5 possesses a complete fold‐type I aminotransferase fold, while Ser4 lacks the N‐ and C‐terminal regions and a catalytically important lysine residue of fold‐type I aminotransferase. We herein revealed that Ser4 and Ser5 formed a heterotetrameric complex (SerTA) with aminotransferase activity and determined the crystal structures. MD simulations and activity assays with SerTA variants indicated that residues from helix α‐8* of inactive Ser4 are important for activity, confirming the importance of heterocomplex formation for activity. Furthermore, the structures suggest that SerTA recognizes a substrate loaded on the carrier protein.
Spiral Antennas
Authors: Cencich Thomas , Samson Timothy
Published: December 2024

Spiral antennas were introduced in the mid‐1950s. They were the first antennas to exhibit uniform impedance and pattern performance over multioctave bandwidths. Spirals were the cornerstone and mathematical quintessence of a new concept in antenna theory termedfrequency‐independent antennas. In this chapter, various aspects related to the analysis and design of spiral antennas are discussed. The theory of spiral operation, often referred to asband theory, is discussed. Also included are characteristic geometries and shapes including equiangular and Archimedean planar and conical spirals. Theoretical and practical aspects needed for successful design and understanding of spiral antennas are reviewed. Special attention is given to understanding the modal performance of multiarm spiral antennas and its importance to overall antenna characteristics, analysis theory, mode‐forming networks, multimode excitations, etc. Various feeding methods including infinite and tapered baluns, as well as coaxial bundles are described. Dual‐polarized spiral designs including inside/outside‐fed spirals and modulated armwidth (MAW) spirals, and bandwidths of various spiral geometries are discussed. The chapter also includes some aspects of spiral miniaturization; discussions of the challenges of nondissipative cavity backing, utilization of spirals as reflector feeds, the modal decomposition technique; and an overview of numerical methods utilized for successful design of spiral antennas. The chapter is organized into several sections, each devoted to a separate topic, with illustrations and tables utilized for further clarification and demonstration of discussed concepts.
PIEZOELECTRICITY
Authors: Uchino Kenji
Published: December 2024

Certain materials produce electrical charges on their surfaces as a consequence of applied mechanical stress. The induced charges are proportional to the mechanical stress. This is called the direct piezoelectric effect and was discovered by Jacques and Pierre Curie in 1880. Materials showing this phenomenon also conversely have a geometric strain proportional to an applied electric field. This is the converse piezoelectric effect. The root of the word “piezo” means “pressure”; hence, the original meaning of the piezoelectricity implied “pressure electricity.”

Piezoelectric materials provide coupling between electrical and mechanical parameters. The material used earliest for its piezoelectric properties was single‐crystal quartz. Quartz crystal resonators for frequency control appear today at the heart of clocks and are also used in computers and mobile phones. Ferroelectric polycrystalline ceramics such as barium titanate and lead zirconate titanate exhibit piezoelectricity when electrically poled. Since these ceramics possess significant and stable piezoelectric effects, that is, high electromechanical coupling, they are capable of producing large strains/forces and hence are extensively used as transducers. Piezoelectric polymers, notably polyvinylidene difluoride and its copolymers with trifluoroethylene and piezoelectric composites combining a piezoelectric ceramic with a passive polymer, have been developed that offer a high potential. Thin films of piezoelectric materials have received attention recently because of their potential utilization in microsensors and ‐actuators.

Piezoelectricity is being extensively utilized in the fabrication of various devices such as transducers, actuators, surface acoustic wave devices, and frequency control. In this article, we discuss the piezoelectric effect, a brief history of piezoelectricity followed by present‐day piezoelectric materials that are used, and finally various potential applications of piezoelectric materials.
Contribution of Carbon Clusters to Ammonia Synthesis Over Ru‐Based Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Mingyuan , Luo Yongjin , Peng Xuanbei , Zhang Shiyong , Zhang Lei , Xu Cong‐Qiao , Zhou Yanliang , Zheng Lirong , Ni Jun , Wang Xiuyun , Jiang Lilong , Li Jun
Published: December 2024

Ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in the development and evolution of Earth's life system. The extremely high bond energy (941 kJ mol−1) of N2 hinder the conversion of N2 to NH3 under mild conditions. Meanwhile, clearly identifying the distribution of intermediates for NH3 synthesis remains a huge challenge in the experiment. Herein, we anchored carbon clusters (C60 or C70) onto Ru catalysts supported on rare earth oxides, forming a class of Ru‐carbon cluster co‐catalysts that exhibit strong electronic metal‐carbon cluster interaction (EMCI). Carbon clusters function as an electron buffer that induced electron uptake from metallic Ru sites and concurrently provides electron feedback to Ruδ+ in a reversible manner, achieving a flexible balance of electron density at the Ru active sites. Moreover, H‐affinitive carbon clusters serve as the site for the adsorption, activation and migration of hydrogen. With Ru and carbon clusters synergistically bridged by hydrogen spillover, the Ru‐C60 co‐catalyst exhibits an exceptionally high NH3 synthesis rate and remarkable stability. Experimental provides direct evidence of the distribution and evolution of *N2Hx (x = 1∼3) intermediates, with the hydrogenation of *NH2 to form *NH3 identified as the rate‐determining step. This work paves the way for utilizing carbon clusters in important chemical reactions.
Washability of E‐Textiles: Washing Behavior of Textile Integrated Circuits Depending on Textile Substrate, Circuit Material and Integration Method
Authors: Rotzler Sigrid , von Krshiwoblozki Malte , Kallmayer Christine , Schneider‐Ramelow Martin
Published: December 2024

Wearable electronic textiles (e‐textiles) can provide comfortable and unobtrusive solutions for a wide range of applications, yet insufficient reliability is preventing a wider market success. Washability is a critical reliability concern, especially for textile integrated circuits that are permanently attached to the textile substrate. A variety of textile circuits on different textile substrates were subjected to up to 100 wash cycles to understand washing damages and failure modes, setting the basis for subsequent improvements for reliably washable e‐textiles. The research reveals shortcomings and vulnerabilities for each type of track, as well as their current washability level—which differs considerable across the tested circuits. Substrate properties directly influence the washing results. The results do not only provide valuable insight into how and at which points textile integrated circuits need to be optimized to improve washability, but also reveal which pairings of textile properties and circuit types result in more robust and reliabl e‐textiles.
Biopolymer‐Based Gel Electrolytes for Advanced Zinc Ion Batteries: Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Jia Renjie , Wei Chuanliang , Ma Buxin , Li Linhao , Yang Chunhui , Wang Bingbing , Tan Liwen , Feng Jinkui
Published: December 2024

In recent years, aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) with ultra‐high safety and environmental friendliness have emerged as a promising candidates for energy storage and energy conversion devices. However, the severe side reactions and dendrites issues discourage the practical application of ZIBs. Recently, biopolymer‐based gel electrolytes have disclosed large potential in tackling these challenges of ZIBs, with numerous advancements reported. Their advantages lie in suppressing side reactions including hydrogen evolution and Zn metal anode corrosion, as well as inhibiting the growth of Zn dendrites. This review comprehensively examines the classification, structures and properties of biopolymer‐based gel electrolytes, with a focus on hydrogel electrolytes derived from various natural macromolecular biopolymers, along with a brief discussion on non‐hydrogel electrolytes using ionic liquids or organic solutions as solvents. Subsequently, the preparation of biopolymer‐based gel electrolytes with physical and chemical methods are summarized. Furthermore, the practical applications of biopolymer‐based gel electrolytes in ZIBs with diverse cathodes materials are introduced. Finally, it highlights the environmental benefits and excellent electrochemical performance of biopolymer‐based gel electrolytes, outlining their prospects for the next generation of ZIBs and proposing future perspectives.
Wearable Multifunctional Bilayer Nanofiber Films for Human Motion Energy Harvesting and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Shen Shaowei , Wu Haoyi , Xu Zihan , Cao Ruirui , Liu Ying , Zhao Yangjiu , Li Xin , Yu Haoran , Chen Chong , Wang Xinya , Pan Caofeng
Published: December 2024

In light of the escalating requisites for portability, functionality, comfort, and health in electronic apparatus, the imperative advancement of sophisticated multifunctional textile‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (textile‐TENGs) is underscored. This research delineates the fabrication of an innovative multifunctional textile‐TENG, comprising a photosensitive stratum aimed at thermal regulation and photothermal therapy, alongside a tribo‐negative nanofiber film adorning its verso. Exhibiting superlative electrical prowess, the textile‐TENG generates remarkably elevated outputs over a wide temperature range, thereby facilitating the efficacious conversion of kinetic energy derived from human motion into electrical energy. Concurrently, the device manifests an exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency, achieving instantly modifiable saturation temperatures (41.52–60.97 °C) under diverse solar exposures, rendering it eminently suitable for a broad spectrum of applications in thermal therapy and regulation domains. Significantly, within cold environments, the textile‐TENG demonstrates a capability to augment temperature by approximately 7.4 °C, markedly surpassing conventional cotton textiles in performance. In summation, the textile‐TENG is characterized by its unparalleled electromechanical attributes and photothermal conversion efficacies, concurrently facilitating thermal regulation, therapy, and electricity generation. This investigation not only furnishes a referential methodology for the development of advanced multifunctional textile devices but also substantially expands the conceivable application ambit of textile‐based technologies.