bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing MPAs for food security in open-access fisheries
Authors: Cabral Reniel B. , Halpern Benjamin S. , Lester Sarah E. , White Crow , Gaines Steven D. , Costello Christopher
Published: May 2019

Food security remains a principal challenge in the developing tropics where communities rely heavily on marine-based protein. While some improvements in fisheries management have been made in these regions, a large fraction of coastal fisheries remain unmanaged, mismanaged, or use only crude input controls. These quasi-open-access conditions often lead to severe overfishing, depleted stocks, and compromised food security. A possible fishery management approach in these institution-poor settings is to implement fully protected marine protected areas (MPAs). Although the primary push for MPAs has been to solve the conservation problems that arise from mismanagement, MPAs can also benefit fisheries beyond their borders. The literature has not completely characterized how to design MPAs under diverse ecological and economic conditions when food security is the objective. We integrated four key biological and economic variables (i.e., fish population growth rate, fish mobility, fish price, and fishing cost) as well as an important aspect of reserve design (MPA size) into a general model and determined their combined influence on food security when MPAs are implemented in an open-access setting. We explicitly modeled open-access conditions that account for the behavioral response of fishers to the MPA; this approach is distinct from much of the literature that focuses on assumptions of “scorched earth” (i.e., severe over-fishing), optimized management, or an arbitrarily defined fishing mortality outside the MPA’s boundaries. We found that the MPA size that optimizes catch depends strongly on economic variables. Large MPAs optimize catch for species heavily harvested for their high value and/or low harvesting cost, while small MPAs or no closure are best for species lightly harvested for their low value and high harvesting cost. Contrary to previous theoretical expectations, both high and low mobility species are expected to experience conservation benefits from protection, although, as shown previously, greater conservation benefits are expected for low mobility species. Food security benefits from MPAs can be obtained from species of any mobility. Results deliver both qualitative insights and quantitative guidance for designing MPAs for food security in open-access fisheries.
Electrospinning Fabricating Au/TiO2 Network-like Nanofibers as Visible Light Activated Photocatalyst
Authors: Duan Zhuojun , Huang Yingzhou , Zhang Dingke , Chen Shijian
Published: May 2019

Exploiting photocatalysts with characteristics of low cost, high reactivity and easy recovery offer great potentials for complete elimination of toxic chemicals and environmental remediation. In this work, Au/TiO2 network-like nanofibers were fabricated using a facile electrospinning technique followed by calcinations in air. Photocatalytic tests indicate that the Au/TiO2 network-like nanofibers possess an excellent photodegradation rate of rhodamine B (RB) under UV, visible and natural light radiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the plasmonic resonance absorption of Au nanoparticles, and photogenerated electrons and holes are effectively separated by the Au/TiO2 heterojunction structures. Furthermore, the three-dimensional network structure can provide a large number of active sites for RB degradation.
Measuring the Topological Charge of Orbital Angular Momentum Beams by Utilizing Weak Measurement Principle
Authors: Zhu Jing , Zhang Pei , Li Qichang , Wang Feiran , Wang Chenhui , Zhou Yingnan , Wang Jinwen , Gao Hong , Kwek Leong Chuan , Li Fuli
Published: May 2019

According to the principle of weak measurement, when coupling the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state with a well-defined pre-selected and post-selected system of a weak measurement process, there will be an indirect coupling between position and topological charge (TC) of OAM state. Based on this we propose an experiment scheme and experimentally measure the TC of OAM beams from −14 to 14 according to the weak measurement principle. After the experiment the intrinsic OAM of the beams changed very little. Weak measurement, Topological Charge, OAM beams.
Biological effects 26 years after simulated deep-sea mining
Authors: Simon-Lledó Erik , Bett Brian J. , Huvenne Veerle A. I. , Köser Kevin , Schoening Timm , Greinert Jens , Jones Daniel O. B.
Published: May 2019

The potential for imminent abyssal polymetallic nodule exploitation has raised considerable scientific attention. The interface between the targeted nodule resource and sediment in this unusual mosaic habitat promotes the development of some of the most biologically diverse communities in the abyss. However, the ecology of these remote ecosystems is still poorly understood, so it is unclear to what extent and timescale these ecosystems will be affected by, and could recover from, mining disturbance. Using data inferred from seafloor photo-mosaics, we show that the effects of simulated mining impacts, induced during the “DISturbance and reCOLonization experiment” (DISCOL) conducted in 1989, were still evident in the megabenthos of the Peru Basin after 26 years. Suspension-feeder presence remained significantly reduced in disturbed areas, while deposit-feeders showed no diminished presence in disturbed areas, for the first time since the experiment began. Nevertheless, we found significantly lower heterogeneity diversity in disturbed areas and markedly distinct faunal compositions along different disturbance levels. If the results of this experiment at DISCOL can be extrapolated to the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, the impacts of polymetallic nodule mining there may be greater than expected, and could potentially lead to an irreversible loss of some ecosystem functions, especially in directly disturbed areas.
Molecular degree of perturbation of plasma inflammatory markers associated with tuberculosis reveals distinct disease profiles between Indian and Chinese populations
Authors: Oliveira-de-Souza Deivide , Vinhaes Caian L. , Arriaga Maria B. , Kumar Nathella Pavan , Cubillos-Angulo Juan M. , Shi Ruiru , Wei Wang , Yuan Xing , Zhang Guolong , Cai Ying , Barry Clifton E. , Via Laura E. , Sher Alan , Babu Subash , Mayer-Barber Katrin D. , Nakaya Helder I. , Fukutani Kiyoshi F. , Andrade Bruno B.
Published: May 2019

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection which causes tremendous morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinical presentation of TB patients is very diverse and disease heterogeneity is associated with changes in biomarker signatures. Here, we compared at the molecular level the extent of individual inflammatory perturbation of plasma protein and lipid mediators associated with TB in patients in China versus India. We performed a cross-sectional study analyzing the overall degree of inflammatory perturbation in treatment-naïve pulmonary TB patients and uninfected individuals from India (TB: n = 97, healthy: n = 20) and China (TB: n = 100, healthy: n = 11). We employed the molecular degree of perturbation (MDP) adapted to plasma biomarkers to examine the overall changes in inflammation between these countries. M. tuberculosis infection caused a significant degree of molecular perturbation in patients from both countries, with higher perturbation detected in India. Interestingly, there were differences in biomarker perturbation patterns and the overall degree of inflammation. Patients with severe TB exhibited increased MDP values and Indian patients with this condition exhibited even higher degree of perturbation compared to Chinese patients. Network analyses identified IFN-α, IFN-β, IL-1RI and TNF-α as combined biomarkers that account for the overall molecular perturbation in the entire study population. Our results delineate the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory perturbation in pulmonary TB and reveal qualitative changes in inflammatory profiles between two countries with high disease prevalence.
An unusually high production of hepatic aflatoxin B1-dihydrodiol, the possible explanation for the high susceptibility of ducks to aflatoxin B1
Authors: Diaz Gonzalo J. , Murcia Hansen W.
Published: May 2019

A study was conducted to determine the enzymatic kinetic parameters Vmax, KM, and intrinsic clearance (CLint) for the hepatic in vitro production of aflatoxin B1-dihydrodiol (AFB1-dhd) from aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in four commercial poultry species, ranging in sensitivity to AFB1 from highest (ducks) to lowest (chickens). Significant but small differences were seen for Vmax, while large significant differences were observed for KM. However, the largest inter-species differences were observed for the CLint parameter, with ducks being extraordinarily efficient in converting AFB1 into AFB1-dhd. Since AFB1-dhd is considered the metabolite responsible for the acute toxic effects of AFB1, the high hepatic production of AFB1-dhd from AFB1 in ducks is the possible biochemical explanation for the extraordinary high sensitivity of this poultry species to the adverse effects of AFB1.
New Chip-based Technologies for Rapid Analysis of Food Contaminants
Authors: Lochhead Michael J.
Published: May 2019

Chip-based technology refers to methods that combine sample handling and signal transduction methods in a small, integrated package with the overall goal of providing rapid, portable testing capabilities. This chapter provides an overview of new chip-based technologies and their function in the context of food contaminant, ingredient, and adulterant testing, with a specific focus on rapid antibody-based test methods. The chapter first provides a description of key design elements that should be considered during development of integrated chip-based solutions, including sample compatibility, detection methods, and robustness. Cost and operating environment constraints are highlighted. Select examples of chip-based technology implementations are discussed in detail to provide insight into the range of design issues that must be considered for rapid food contaminant testing applications.
New and Evolving Challenges and Strategies for Effective Food Analysis
Authors: O'Kennedy Richard
Published: May 2019

In this book a myriad of potential ways in which antibodies can be used to address major issues for food analysis are described. In this final chapter it is hoped to highlight some of the major future challenges confronting food analysis and to speculate how antibodies can address these issues in an effective and timely manner.
Network pharmacology oriented study reveals inflammatory state-dependent dietary supplement hepatotoxicity responses in normal and diseased rats
Authors: Tu Can , Niu Ming , Li Chunyu , Liu Zhenjie , He Qin , Li Ruisheng , Zhang Yaming , Xiao Xiaohe , Wang Jiabo
Published: May 2019

Rhubarb, a well-used herbal and dietary supplement, has been widely used as a laxative in many countries.
Dual catalysis for the copolymerisation of epoxides and lactones
Authors: Clayman Naomi E. , Morris Lilliana S. , LaPointe Anne M. , Keresztes Ivan , Waymouth Robert M. , Coates Geoffrey W.
Published: May 2019

Using a dual catalysis approach, epoxide/lactone copolymers were synthesized with control over tacticity, molecular weight, crystallinity, and comonomer content.
Stepwise topochemical fluorination of SrCrO3 perovskite via a super-structured oxide
Authors: Su Yu , Tsujimoto Yoshihiro , Fujii Kotaro , Masubuchi Yuji , Ohata Hirohito , Iwai Hideo , Yashima Masatomo , Yamaura Kazunari
Published: May 2019

Topochemical reactions between SrCrO3 and g-C3N4/PVDF yielding SrCrO2.8/SrCrO2.8F0.2 are presented.
Anion tuning of Zn2+ architectures using a Tris-base salicylic ligand
Authors: Fanna Daniel J. , Craze Alexander R. , Etchells Isaac , Bhattacharyya Saroj , Clegg Jack K. , Moore Evan G. , Marjo Christopher E. , Trinchi Adrian , Wei Gang , Reynolds Jason K. , Li Feng
Published: May 2019

In this study, a hydroxyl-rich Schiff base ligand, H4L, and its resulting complexes with ZnCl2, Zn(CH3COO)2 and Zn(ClO4)2 were explored.
Organic salts utilising the hexamethylguanidinium cation: the influence of the anion on the structural, physical and thermal properties
Authors: Yunis Ruhamah , Hollenkamp Anthony F. , Forsyth Craig , Doherty Cara M. , Al-Masri Danah , Pringle Jennifer M.
Published: May 2019

The synthesis and characterisation of new solid-state electrolytes is a key step in advancing the development of safer and more reliable electrochemical energy storage technologies.
Osmolytes modify protein dynamics and function of tetrameric lactate dehydrogenase upon pressurization
Authors: Al-Ayoubi Samy R. , Schummel Paul Hendrik , Cisse Aline , Seydel Tilo , Peters Judith , Winter Roland
Published: May 2019

We present a study of the combined effects of natural cosolvents (TMAO, glycine, urea) and pressure on the activity of the tetrameric enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).
Phosphate and polyphosphate anion recognition by a dinuclear copper(ii) complex of an unsymmetrical squaramide
Authors: Esteves Catarina V. , Costa Judite , Esteban-Gómez David , Lamosa Pedro , Bernard Hélène , Platas-Iglesias Carlos , Tripier Raphäel , Delgado Rita
Published: May 2019

At pH = 7.4, ATP4− is selectively removed from water containing PhPO42−, Haep−, AMP2− and ADP3− by the studied squaramide-based dicopper(ii) complex.
Insight into the effects of deglycosylation and glycation of shrimp tropomyosin on in vivo allergenicity and mast cell function
Authors: Zhang Ziye , Xiao Hang , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhou Peng
Published: May 2019

Deglycosylation of TM exacerbated allergenicity and allergy response; glycation of TM by glucose led to weaker allergenicity and allergy response.
Chromium(iii) in deep eutectic solvents: towards a sustainable chromium(vi)-free steel plating process
Authors: Verdonck Tim , Verpoort Philippe , De Strycker Joost , De Cleene Ansbert , Banerjee Dipanjan , Nockemann Peter , Van Deun Rik , Van Hecke Kristof
Published: May 2019

A sustainable Cr(iii) electrolyte was brought one step closer to industrial application by in-depth understanding of the (coordination) chemistry.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Novel formation of Bi@BiFe-glycolate hollow spheres and their conversion into Bi2O3/BiFeO3 composite hollow spheres with enhanced activity and durability in visible photocatalysis”’ by C. Huang, H. Zhang, X. Zhang, Z. Wang and Y. Zhao, New J. Chem., 2019, 43, DOI: 10.1039/C8NJ05831H
Authors: Yang Xu , Meng Junsheng , Wang Yu , Meng Qingqiang , Hu Yongyuan , Di Andi , Wu Yuehan , Chen Gang
Published: May 2019

We reply to the comments raised by Chuanfu Huang et al.
A facile coating with water-repellent and flame-retardant properties on cotton fabric
Authors: Fu Jing , Yang Fuchao , Chen Guopeng , Zhang Guofeng , Huang Can , Guo Zhiguang
Published: May 2019

We herein present a facile method to fabricate functional cotton fabric (CF) with superhydrophobic surface and excellent fire-resistance property by coating with chitosan (CS)/phytic acid (PA) layer and hydrophobic silicon dioxide nanoparticles.
Applications of OR/ECD/VCD to the structure elucidation of natural products
Authors: Mándi Attila , Kurtán Tibor
Published: May 2019

OR, ECD and VCD are powerful methods to determine the absolute configuration of natural products either applied independently or in combination.
Natural products targeting strategies involving molecular networking: different manners, one goal
Authors: Fox Ramos Alexander E. , Evanno Laurent , Poupon Erwan , Champy Pierre , Beniddir Mehdi A.
Published: May 2019

This review focuses on the ever-expanding repertoire of molecular networking applications for targeting natural products.
Electrospraying preparation of metal germanate nanospheres for high-performance lithium-ion batteries and room-temperature gas sensors
Authors: Li Rui , Zhang Renmu , Lou Zheng , Huang Tingting , Jiang Kai , Chen Di , Shen Guozhen
Published: May 2019

Metal germanate nanospheres including Ca2Ge7O16, Zn2GeO4and SrGe4O9were prepared by a facile and large-scale electrospraying process. They have potential applications in lithium-ion batteries and room temperature ammonia gas sensors.
Synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative microtubule-destabilising combretastatin A-4 piperazine conjugates
Authors: O'Boyle Niamh M. , Ana Gloria , Kelly Patrick M. , Nathwani Seema M. , Noorani Sara , Fayne Darren , Bright Sandra A. , Twamley Brendan , Zisterer Daniela M. , Meegan Mary J.
Published: May 2019

We report novel cis-restricted combretastatin A-4 analogues with potent antiproliferative effects in breast cancer cells.
Tandem double acylation/[3,3]-rearrangement of aliphatic nitro compounds: a route to α-oxygenated oxime derivatives
Authors: Antonova Yulia A. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu. , Ioffe Sema L. , Tabolin Andrey A.
Published: May 2019

A novel efficient regioselective method for the carbon chain activation of aliphatic nitro compounds is described using a tandem double acylation/[3,3]-rearrangement sequence.
Development of in situ synthesized Y-based nanoparticle/polyethersulfone adsorptive membranes by adjusting the composition of the coagulation bath for enhanced removal of fluoride
Authors: Cui Anan , Ni Fan , Deng Shihuai , He Jinsong , Shen Fei , Yang Gang , Song Chun , Tian Dong , Long Lulu , Zhang Jing
Published: May 2019

The composition of coagulation bath significantly altered the membrane structure, composition and adsorption performance for defluoridation by affecting the phase inversion kinetics.
Anions influence the extraction of rutile nanoparticles from synthetic and lake water
Authors: Zhao Tianrui , Liu Fangyuan , Zhang Chunpeng , Chen Xiaochen
Published: May 2019

Different kinds of anions may influence the dispersion stability of nanoparticles in the manner of inner-sphere complexation or outer-sphere complexation.
Electrodeposition of amorphous WO3on SnO2–TiO2inverse opal nano-framework for highly transparent, effective and stable electrochromic smart window
Authors: Nguyen Tam Duy , Yeo Loo Pin , Mandler Daniel , Magdassi Shlomo , Yoong Tok Alfred Iing
Published: May 2019

Highly transparent multilayered SnO2–TiO2–WO3inverse opal nanostructure for enhancing effectivity and stability of near-infrared modulation in advanced electrochromic smart window.
High glucose promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis by impairing angiotensinogen expression
Authors: Sun Shichao , Sun Yao , Rong Xiaoping , Bai Lei
Published: May 2019

A number of investigations have addressed the importance of high glucose in breast cancer, however, the involvement of angiotensinogen (AGT) in this scenario is yet to be defined. Here we set out to analyze the potential pro-tumor effects of high glucose in breast cancer, and understand the underlying molecular mechanism. We demonstrated that high glucose promoted cell proliferation, viability, and anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells. In addition, the migrative and invasive capacities were significantly enhanced by high glucose medium. Mechanistically, AGT expression was inhibited by high glucose at both transcriptional and translational levels. High AGT remarkably suppressed proliferation, inhibited viability, and compromised migration/invasion of breast cancer cells. Most importantly, ectopic introduction of AGT almost completely abrogated pro-tumor effects of high glucose. Our study has characterized the pro-tumor properties of high glucose in breast cancer cells, which is predominantly attributed to the suppression of AGT.
Generic algorithm to calculate Jacobian matrix used for ladder network parameters identification and winding fault diagnosis
Authors: Ren Fuqiang , Ji Shengchang , Zhu Lingyu , Zhang Fan , Liu Yong
Published: May 2019

Ladder network parameters identification of transformer winding based on frequency response analysis data is crucial to winding fault diagnosis. In the authors’ previous study, the Gauss–Newton iteration algorithm (GNIA) had been proposed to efficiently identify the network parameters. The core in GNIA is the Jacobian matrix, composed of derivative of frequency response function (FRF) to network components. This study proposes a generic algorithm to calculate this Jacobian matrix. Two key problems concerning the algorithm are solved elaborately. The first problem is the method for derivative calculation toward an arbitrary FRF based on adjoint network method (ANM). The other issue is the mathematical model construction of double ladder network and its adjoint network toward different FRFs to obtain all network branch voltages and currents, which are required in the derivative calculation by ANM. This generic algorithm can efficiently and effectively calculate the Jacobian matrix, which can be applied on ladder network parameters identification and winding fault diagnosis.
Capturing the spatio‐temporal continuity for video semantic segmentation
Authors: Chen Xin , Wu Aming , Han Yahong
Published: May 2019

In recent years, image semantic segmentation based on a convolutional neural network has achieved many advances. However, the development of video semantic segmentation is relatively slow. Directly applying the image segmentation algorithms to each video frame separately may ignore the temporal region continuity inherent in videos. In this study, the authors propose a novel deep neural network architecture with a newly devised spatio‐temporal continuity (STC) module for video semantic segmentation. Particularly, the architecture includes an encoding network, an STC module, and a decoding network. The encoding network is used to extract a high‐level feature map. The STC module then uses the high‐level feature map as input to extract the STC feature map. For decoding, they use four dilated convolutional layers to obtain more abstract representation and a deconvolutional layer to increase the size of the representation. Finally, they fuse the current feature representation and the previous feature representation and get the class probabilities. Thus, this architecture receives a sequence of consecutive video frames and outputs the segmentation result of the current frame. They extensively evaluate the proposed approach on the CamVid and KITTI datasets. Compared with other methods, the authors’ approach not only achieves competitive performance but also has lower complexity.
Enhancing functional safety in FPGA‐based motor drives
Authors: Jeppesen Benjamin Peter , Rajamani Meenakshi , Smith Kevin Mark
Published: May 2019

Motor control applications using small fast‐spinning motors, and the advent of SiC and GaN switching transistors, are driving a need for compact drives with high‐frequency control loop updates. FPGAs provide the necessary speed and flexibility for such control. Drives must also adhere to functional safety standards. This paper demonstrates how the functional safety of an FPGA‐controlled drive can be analysed using an FMEDA and enhanced with diagnostic methods to achieve ISO 26262 ASIL B or IEC 61508 SIL 2.
A DC fault ride‐through and energy dissipation scheme for hybrid MMC‐MTDC integrating wind farms with overhead lines
Authors: Cao Shuai , Xiang Wang , Lu Xiaojun , Ling Weixing , Wen Jinyu
Published: May 2019

To integrate bulk wind power, using modular multilevel converter (MMC) based DC grids is an effective solution to improve the flexibility and reliability of the power grid. This paper analyses a bipolar four‐terminal MMC based DC grid to integrate wind farms with overhead lines. Since the overhead lines are prone to DC faults, the hybrid MMC is adopted in the system to ride through DC faults. The fault ride‐through control strategies are designed, which remain continuous operation of wind turbines under DC faults. Besides, an adaptive dissipation control strategy associated with chopper resistances is designed to absorb surplus energy. Finally, simulations based on PSCAD/EMTDC platform verify the fault ride through control of hybrid MMC based DC grid and proves the effectiveness of the energy dissipation strategies.
Magnetic activity of the young solar analog V1358 Orinis
Authors: Kriskovics L. , Kővári Zs. , Vida K. , Oláh K. , Carroll T. A. , Granzer T.
Published: May 2019

Context. Young, fast-rotating single stars can show dramatically different magnetic signatures and levels of magnetic activity as compared with the Sun. While losing angular momentum due to magnetic breaking and mass loss through stellar winds, the stars gradually spin down resulting in decreasing levels of activity. Studying magnetic activity on such solar analogues plays a key role in understanding the evolution of solar-like stars and allows a glimpse into the past of the Sun as well.

Aims. In order to widen our knowledge of the magnetic evolution of the Sun and solar-like stars, magnetic activity of the young solar analog V1358 Ori is investigated.

Methods. Fourier analysis of long-term photometric data is used to derive rotational period and activity cycle length, while spectral synthesis is applied to high-resolution spectroscopic data in order to derive precise astrophysical parameters. Doppler imaging is performed to recover surface-temperature maps for two subsequent intervals. Cross-correlation of the consecutive Doppler maps is used to derive surface differential rotation. The rotational modulation of the chromospheric activity indicators is also investigated.

Results. An activity cycle of ~1600 days is detected for V1358 Ori. Doppler imaging revealed a surface-temperature distribution dominated by a large polar cap with a few weaker features around the equator. This spot configuration is similar to other maps of young solar analogs from the literature, and supports recent model predictions. We detected solar-like surface differential rotation with a surface shear parameter of α = 0.016 ± 0.010, which is in close agreement with our recently proposed empirical relation between rotation and differential rotation. The chromospheric activity indicators showed rotational modulation.
Information modeling of the construction and demolition waste system
Authors: Ginzburg Alexander
Published: May 2019

Throughout the world, the intensive development of production is accompanied by a steady increase in waste generation. Ecological problems, problems of utilization and recycling of waste come to the fore. The effective functioning of the construction complex is largely determined by the effective organization of the construction and demolition waste (CDW) circulation. Considering the scale of construction, forecasting the volume of waste formation in order to effectively organize the system of economic turnover of CDW is a very relevant scientific and practical problem. Management of CDW flows in Smart cities should be based on information models containing the necessary data on the types, forms and volumes of waste. The paper presents such an information model and a mathematical method of predicting the formation of the CDW. Information modeling of the composition and volume of CDW formation allows on the basis of the developed mathematical apparatus to provide an analysis of construction development trends. It allows to carry out construction production operational and strategic planning and management in terms of the CDW formation, processing and disposal. Analysis of the construction, reconstruction and demolition CDW volume dynamics information model is the basis for further design of treatment plants future scheme.
Conception of the operational information model of smart city control system
Authors: Kuzina Olga
Published: May 2019

The article contains the BIM-models cycle, background and basic principles of creation the operational information model of smart cities control system with tools for performing the rule check, sequence of E-BIM model use. For the development and implementation of the operational information model of smart cities control system in the construction industry, it is necessary not only to determine the basic levels and parameters of choice when taking into account solutions from the organizational and technological documentation, but also to build the architecture of application software to ensure the operation of the control system at all subsequent stages of the life cycle of the smart object. It is important to determine the main factors affecting decision-making and parameters of formation of input and output data for modeling each stage of the life cycle of the object, as well as technical and economic indicators of the information model by stages [1,2].
Renovation of former industrial areas by BREEAM in city of London
Authors: Telichenko Valery , Benuzh Andrey , Morozov Dmitry
Published: May 2019

The main focus at this article on BREEAM Community scheme which planning of large-scale developments taking into account the use of former industrial areas. Construction on such lands of new modern areas is beneficial for both the developer and the city. In this case, it is ideally possible to show the use of “green” technologies and standards with aim of increasing the environmental situation of the areas, the creation of reactionary zones. The article describes three steps involved in the assessment of sustainability at the masterplanning level and five assessment categories which are considered through appropriate criteria. Was made a diagram of division into types of reconstructed objects and their inherent functions after reconstruction. Considered an example of Renovation of former industrial areas by BREEAM at King’s Cross in London.
Reduction of air pollution as a basis for a healthy urban environment
Authors: Lis Anna
Published: May 2019

The WHO report shows that air in the majority of cities in the world is polluted to a large extent. Air pollution is one of the basic environmental causes of premature deaths in the world. The main source of air pollution in cities is the low emission associated with fuel combustion to generate heat for buildings heating, communication and industry. The existing buildings in Poland are characterized by high energy and, consequently, ecological potential. The aim is to estimate predicted energetic and ecological effects of activities that adapt existing residential buildings to the requirements for the thermal protection of buildings in Poland and presenting the possibility of using renewable energy sources. The energy demand for heating buildings at 60-70 kWh/(m2rok) has been adopted. The calculations show that as a result of this adjustment, the energy demand for heating in residential buildings may decrease by an average of around 67% compared to 2011. Such actions will reduce the overall emissions of air pollution from households by reducing the energy requirement for heating apartments from about 30% to about 67%, depending on the type of pollutant.
Transportation of liquid and sand in open trays
Authors: Dezhina Irina , Orlov Vladimir
Published: May 2019

Herein there are theoretical dispositions on the conditions of the fluid flow and sand transportation within a wide range of rates. The results of some exploratory research on the sand transport in specially designed laboratory and production benches, including a platform with interchangeable modular polymer elements having an artificial rough surface, have been presented. The ranges of the experiment procedure have been established to create the turbulence zones, where the tray inner surfaces are of various texture in the form of obstacles of different height. The technique has been presented for carrying out experiments on large-size benches with modular pipe elements based on the use of photo and film equipment, as well as a set of devices for determining rates, filling and slopes. The results of hydraulic experiments on modeling the process of vortex formation in the flow in the trays with artificial roughness are presented. The ability of the flow to move sand dunes in the trays with an alternative texture of the inner surface has been studied, and the design data of the quantitative assessment of the transporting ability of the flow depending on various factors has been given.
Waterproofing material for protection of underground structures
Authors: Lyapidevskaya Olga
Published: May 2019

The article deals with the problem of increasing the durability of underground and buried buildings. One of the methods of solving this problem is ensuring the reliable protection of underground structures from the effects of water of different origin. Among the existing waterproofing coatings, mineral-based compositions are the most effective. However, the main disadvantage of such systems is the low crack resistance of hard coatings, which limits their applicability. We have made an attempt to develop a cement-based waterproofing material that would have high elasticity, strength, crack resistance and adhesion to a concrete base. We have conducted studies to justify the possibility of obtaining an effective waterproofing material by including microsilica and ethylene vinyl acetate in the mix. The optimal composition of the material was worked out. On the basis of the experimental data, the main physical and mechanical properties of the material were established. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the resulting material had high physical and mechanical characteristics and could be recommended for the protection of concrete structures used in underground construction.
The analytical presentation of solid border basement in conditions of solid stamp effect
Authors: Ter-Petrosyan Gevorg
Published: May 2019

The current level of construction and, moreover, the future value the right apressiation of mechanical capabilities of the structure basement. The calculation of additional resource of strength basement of each structure brings to increasing of value of structure. The increasing of reliability and sustainability of structures is one of the problems of modern applied mechanics. The correct assessment of the strength of basement is very important in solving this problem. It is still conditional to determine the computational depth of basement. Numerous experimental studies have shown that in the case of distributed load of constant intensity, the dependence of sediment from the base sizes is expressed by strict nonlinear connection. The solvation of problem of constant thick layer gives the linear connection by methods of elasticity of theory. The purpose of eliminating that essential discrepancy with experimental results, the solved problem, proposed by the academician S.S. Grigoyan and applied by his students, is an important step towards solving.
Practical use of distributed fibre optic sensors in research on FRCM composites
Authors: Grzymski Filip , Trapko Tomasz , Musiał Michał
Published: May 2019

This article describes research on FRCM (Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix) composites, which unlike commonly used FRP (Fibre Reinforced Polymers) composites make use of a mineral matrix instead of epoxy resin, which allows to achieve much higher resistance to elevated temperatures. In the described studies, experimental measurement of deformations with the use of the DFOS (Distributed Fibre Optic Sensors) method was applied. This method allows for geometrically continuous measurement of deformations, which is its significant advantage compared to traditional electric resistance wire strain gauge, as it reduces the possibility of measuring deformations in a place where they are not representative. The tests were carried out using two reinforced concrete slab elements loaded to failure in the 4-point bending scheme. Fibre optic sensors were installed on an unstrengthened control element and on an element strengthened with FRCM composite. During the tests, deformations of the concrete under tension and the external surface of the FRCM reinforcing composite were determined. Measurements were carried out simultaneously in two manners: using the DFOS method, and strain gauges placed at the characteristic points of the element. The test results based on both methods were compared and analysed. The comparative analysis confirmed the usefulness and effectiveness of the DFOS method while measuring deformations in strengthening composites, and showed its significant advantages such as precise indication of the place of elements cracking as well as the possibility of conducting a global analysis of deformations.
Various ways to build effective characteristics for a pipe made of a layered composite material
Authors: Bobyleva Tatiana , Shamaev Alexey
Published: May 2019

Composite materials consisting of several phases are widely used in modern construction. Numerous experiments have shown that the properties of structurally heterogeneous materials can differ significantly from those of the individual components making up the composition. Besides, rapidly changing coefficients of differential equations describing such composite materials greatly complicate the solution of boundary value problems even with the help of computer calculation methods. Therefore, the homogenization method is used. In this paper the two approaches propose to obtain in explicit analytical form the effective model of the problem of loading a heterogeneous pipe made of layered material, provided that the elastic properties of the material depend only on the distance from the center of the section of the pipe. We point to a method that obviously leads to an analytical result. It follows from the article that it is possible to choose the function that determines the structure of the “winding” in such a way as to obtain the stiffness characteristics of the pipe as close as possible to the desired with fixed mass fractions of the materials used. A similar approach can be applied to the study of creep properties of pipes made of composite materials.
Effective polymer concrete on waste concrete production
Authors: Pyataev Evgeny , Zhukov Alexey , Vako Kirill , Burtseva Marina , Mednikova Elizaveta , Prusakova Maria , Izumova Elizaveta
Published: May 2019

Finish materials in facade systems are experiencing significant stress associated with atmospheric and mechanical influences. The use of tiles with high durability and the ability to relax deformations will allow to obtain efficient cladding for building systems. The article presents the results of the selection of compositions and technologies of a composite material based on finely ground highly active waste produced by portland cement, mineral binder, additives based on polycarboxylic ether MC-6955, and polymer additive MC-Adhesive. MC-Adhesive is a polymer additive used for: a significant increase in flexural strength; reduce the elastic modulus; increase water resistance; increase the concrete mix cohesion; making coatings with high requirements for abrasion, low dusting and high resistance to aggressive substances.The article presents the results of research methods of selection of compositions of composite polymer concrete. The strength characteristics of polymer concrete with an average density of 2370-2450 kg/m3 are most dependent on the consumption of fine waste and polymer additives. The nomogram obtained as a result of an active experiment makes it possible to evaluate the dependence of the strength on these factors and select their optimal ratio.
The effect of the type of fixators reinforcement on strength and deformation characteristics of reinforced concrete
Authors: Borisyuk Evgenij
Published: May 2019

Rebar fixators of various types (plastic and concrete) became widespread with manufacturing of building structures of precast and monolithic reinforced concrete in order to fix steel reinforcement cage in strictly design position and to exclude the probability of its displacement during concreting. Such sufficiently rigid fixing is necessary for the following reliable operation of the structure in the building, as well as for the preservation of steel reinforcement which protected by a necessary layer of concrete from corrosion. Information available in the literature does not allow us to judge about the effects that different types of fixators apply to exploitative properties (such as strength and crack resistance) of reinforced concrete. The experiments, according to the accepted method, showed that these characteristics are slightly worse for the samples with plastic fixators and fixators made of low grade concrete than for the samples without fixators or fixators made of high grade concrete. On the base on the research results it becomes possible to substantiate the distinction between the areas of application of plastic and concrete fixatives
Algorithms for characteristics recognition of man-induced incidents based on safe city HSC
Authors: Barinov Sergey , Kalaydov Aleksandr , Mitryakov Vyacheslav
Published: May 2019

Under the conditions created by the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions, the top priority is to ensure the well-being of citizens as the main state development indicator.

The volume of construction of industrial facilities is increasing under these conditions in Russia.

State authorities and local governments take measures to protect the population from natural and man-induces emergencies, as well as to reduce the risk of their occurrence within the Russian Federation.

In Russia, the concept of building and developing Safe City Hardware and Software Complex (HSC) is being implemented, which allows to monitor the condition of buildings, structures, to ensure the operation of message receiving and processing systems, emergency call systems, as well as other municipal services of various activities; monitoring, forecasting, notification and management systems of all types of risks and threats peculiar to a municipal corporation [7].

The authors have developed various algorithms to automate the processes.

Algorithm for characteristics recognition of man-induced incidents aimed to improve the accuracy of emergency identification when incomplete source information regarding the current situation is received, as well as the structure of an information decision-making support system while managing forces and means of emergency response based on SAFE CITY HSC.
An account of the foundation in assessment of earth structure dynamics
Authors: Mirsaidov Mirziyod
Published: May 2019

An assessment of the dynamic behavior of a plane earth structure with account of its foundation is considered in the paper. A structure with a foundation is considered as an inhomogeneous system, the material of its certain parts is considered elastic or viscoelastic. To assess the effect of the foundation on dynamic behavior of the structure, a finite domain is cut from the foundation and conditions are set at the boundary of this domain that provide energy entrainment from the structure to infinity in the form of the Rayleigh wave. To describe the internal dissipation in material, a linearly hereditary theory of viscoelasticity with the Rzhanitsin kernel is used. A mathematical model, method and algorithm have been developed to assess the dynamic behavior of the structure-finite foundation system. To ensure the adequacy of the mathematical model and to assess the accuracy of the calculation, model problems have been solved when describing the process under consideration. Dynamic behavior of inhomogeneous viscoelastic system of earth dam-foundation with non-reflecting boundary conditions on the boundary of the final domain of the foundation is investigated. In the process of studying the dynamic behavior of inhomogeneous viscoelastic “structure-foundation” systems, a number of mechanical effects.
Evaluation of the impact of compliance of precast discs of overlapping on the work of the frame of a multi-storey building
Authors: Trekin Nikolay , Kodysh Emil , Bybka Alexander , Yamalov Alexander , Konkov Nikita
Published: May 2019

The article provides an analysis and justification of the need to take into account the compliance of discs of overlapping and coatings when calculating frames from precast concrete structures. Previously conducted full-scale experiments showed that the rigidity of the precast overlapping with full filling of the seams, in comparison with the monolithic overlapping, decreases by 3-15 times due to the ductility of the joints. The use of refined computational models of structural solutions for frames, which take into account the compliance of the conjugations of elements, makes it possible to trace possible redistribution of efforts. Such an approach when reconstructing, it is possible to optimally select and calculate the enforcement of structure, and on new designing, to increase reliability and / or improve the economic performance of frame buildings. According to the results of analytical studies, formulas were adopted for the parameters that allow one to take into account the overall compliance of overlapping disks and coatings in computational models of building frames. Numerical studies on the computational model of a frame building made it possible to evaluate the effect of accounting for compliance on the stress-strain state of a multi-storey frame.
Arrangement of construction joints in cast-in-place slabs
Authors: Yakovleva Irina , Kurochkina Valentina
Published: May 2019

Within latest decades cast-in-place construction of residential houses has been actively developed. Works on erection of cast-in-place frame of the building are normally performed by phases, which results in a necessity to arrange construction joints of concreting. In accordance with regulatory documents, it is allowed to arrange construction joints in any place of the slab, in parallel with its less side. As well, it is necessary to observe the technology for joint arrangement. As practice shows, observing only technology of construction joint arrangement is insufficient to provide for strength properties of cast-in-place reinforced-concrete slabs. This article provides an analysis of actual geodetic pre-construction surveys, design and theoretically-calculated solutions; case study is a multistoried building under construction. On which basis, excessive slab deflections in the places of construction joints, were detected. It is established, that the main reason for deflection occurrence is early removal of slab formwork and installation of supports for temporary supporting. On the basis of obtained findings authors make conclusions regarding compulsory observance of the technology for construction joint arrangement, regarding a necessity to remove formwork according to common standards 70.13330.2012; as well, it is recommended to leave formwork under construction joints until concrete gains 100% of ruggedness.
Carbonaceous breeds as the material of engineering protection of Imeretinskaya valley (Sochi)
Authors: Bakalov Alexander , Lavrusevich Andrey
Published: May 2019

The experience of the use of carbonaceous breeds during the formation of the engineering protection embankments, in the territory of Imeretinskaya Valley is considered in the article. It is demonstrated how the measures of the engineering protection were held in the difficult engineering-and-geological conditions. The experiment on the use of local carbonaceous material took place on certain quarters, because of the lack of volumes of material of the embankment of the engineering protection. The soils of the Kamensk limestone quarry were used, different options of dumping of the carbonaceous soil were applied. It is proved that crushed-stone mix from carbonaceous material raises the indicators of the mechanical characteristics due to the natural cementing ability. In case when crushed-stone mix of lime marl was higher than the ground water level, calcium oxide promoted strengthening of the breed, allocating the connections, cementing the layers. There were the surface sediment and the deformation of structures in the sites, where crushed-stone mix of carbonaceous structure was waterlogged. The increase in the durability of soils of dumping because of the formation of the monolithic plate in the embankment basis from carbonaceous breeds can be used when carrying out engineering protection in the similar engineering-and-geological conditions.