bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Action Songs in Teaching Action Words to Young ESL Learners
Authors: Abdul Razak Noor Arina Nadiah , Md Yunus Melor
Published: April 2022

Vocabulary acquisition is a crucial step in acquiring a language. The acquisition may require strenuous effort especially to young, low proficiency ESL learners. The purpose of this action research is to investigate an effective way in helping low proficiency primary school ESL learners in rural area to widen and master their English vocabulary. The research focuses on studying the effect of using action songs in teaching action words to young ESL learners. A total of 35 nine-year-old children from a primary school in the East Coast of Malaysia participated in this study. A mixed-method research approach was employed for almost three weeks/12 hours to find out the effect of English action songs and rhymes on the teaching and learning of action words. Three instruments were used; vocabulary test, self-assessment forms regarding the participants’ feelings towards the integration of action songs and group interviews. The results revealed that using action songs help the children to learn action words. The integration of action songs is an ingenious way to facilitate the young, low proficiency ESL learners in comprehending action words.
Rhetorical Styles of the English Translation of Surah al-Takwir
Authors: S. Omar Nida
Published: April 2022

Rhetorical style, which is used to influence the language in an effective way to convey the message of the writer to the reader, is the dominant powerful aspect in the language of Qur`an. Qur`an has variety and unparalleled merits of rhetorical styles that play a significant role to create a perfect structure. The present study examines the rhetorical style of Qur`an in terms of sound, grammar and vocabulary aspects when translated into English. It aims to analyse the distinctive rhetorical stylistic features and their functions available in surah al-Takwir. To achieve the aim, the concept of style as a linguistic choice has been chosen for this study. Rhetorical stylistic analysis of both source text and target text (i.e. English version) was carried out to examine to what extent the rhetorical style of the Qur`an is conveyed from the translation to the translated text. The results of the current study have shown that the translator, sometimes, was able to convey the rhetorical features and functions of surah alTakwir. The unique, rhetorical and aesthetic style of the Qur`an, on the other hand, was not identical with the English translated text because of the inimitable and miraculous nature of the Qur`an.
Unsur Amanat dan Impak Lirik Dikir Barat Halim Yazid
Authors: Ismail Mohd Fahmi , Noor Muhammad Salmah Jan , Che Yaacob Mohd Firdaus
Published: April 2022

Dikir Barat merupakan salah satu khazanah budaya yang terkenal di negeri Cik Siti Wan Kembang, iaitu Kelantan yang menjadi kebanggaan rakyat negeri tersebut. Kini, seni budaya Dikir Barat telah berkembang bukan sahaja di Semenanjung Malaysia tetapi hingga ke peringkat antarabangsa. Selain padat dengan elemen kebudayaan dan kesenian masyarakat Melayu Pantai Timur, kesenian ini juga mengandungi pelbagai amanat dan nasihat yang berkesan kepada khalayak. Menerusi keadah kualitatif dengan cara pendokumentasian lirik, Dikir Barat Halim Yazid yang dipilih akan dijadikan sandaran untuk mengenal pasti dan menganalisis amanat serta impak yang terkandung dalam lirik tersebut. Aplikasi prinsip Teori Konseptual Kata Kunci yang diperkenalkan oleh Mohamad Mokhtar Hassan pada tahun 2005 merupakan teras utama dalam memastikan hubungkait antara analisis kajian. Dapatan kajian ini membuktikan bahawa setiap bait lirik Dikir Barat Halim Yazid kaya dengan amanat yang mampu memberikan impak berguna bagi membentuk tingkah laku dan moral yang positif dalam kalangan masyarakat. Lirik yang didendangkan boleh membentuk tingkah laku dan moral postif dalam kalangan masyarakat bukan sahaja di Kelantan malah, masyarakat di seluruh negara.
Cerminan Moral Positif dalam Cerita-cerita Rakyat Melayu
Authors: Che Yaacob Mohd Firdaus , Abdillah Nasirin , Ab. Ghani Muhammad Izani , Shaharuddin Shahariah Norain , Muhammad Apandi Siti Nur Anis
Published: April 2022

Cerita rakyat Melayu ialah sebuah cerita yang berasal dari masyarakat dan berkembang dalam masyarakat pada masa lampau. Selain itu, cerita rakyat Melayu menjadi ciri unik setiap bangsa juga mempunyai suatu kebudayaan beraneka ragam, merangkumi kekayaan budaya juga dan sejarah. Pada umumnya, cerita-cerita rakyat Melayu yang diperoleh mengisahkan tentang sesuatu kebudayaan masyarakat bangsa itu tersendiri. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti dan menganalisis cerminan moral positif masyarakat Melayu yang terkandung dalam cerita-cerita rakyat Melayu dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori pengkaedahan Melayu. Seterusnya, kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang melibatkan kaedah kepustakaan dan teks. Kajian ini akan membawa pembaca untuk memahami akan nilai murni seperti nilai kejujuran yang termaktub di bawah lembayung kata amanah, bercakap benar dan ikhlas yang terkandung dalam cerita-cerita rakyat Melayu dalam teks Himpunan 366 Cerita Rakyat di Malaysia diselenggarakan oleh Aripin Said dan Othman Puteh pada tahun 2015. Seterusnya, beberapa cerita rakyat telah dipilih iaitu Awang Yang Lurus, Padi Berbuah Emas, Raja Kuyuk, Seuncang Padidan Penjual Api Yang Lurus. Dapatan kajian ini membuktikan bahawa elemen nilai murni kejujuran ternyata jelas terkandung dalam cerita-cerita rakyat Melayu terpilih dan penemuan nilai murni seperti ini telah membuktikan bahawa sememangnya masyarakat Melayu pada masa lampau mengamalkan nilai murni dalam kehidupan untuk memastikan sebuah kehidupan yang sejahtera.
A Conceptual Analysis of the Factors Affecting EFL Teachers’ Professional Performance
Authors: Ahmed A. Boset Sameer , Asmawi Adelina , Abedalaziz Nabeel
Published: April 2022

EFL teachers' professional performance has a significant impact on students’ English performance and on their educational development. Therefore, it is critical to search for the major factors affecting EFL teachers’ professional performance. This conceptual paper aims to review the literature relevant to EFL teachers’ professional performance and factors that have major effects on the teachers’ performance. In particular, it analyzes three factors that play key roles on the teachers' professional performance. It is revealed that EFL teachers' competency, EFL teachers' work motivation, and EFL teachers' job satisfaction have been identified by the theory of performance and the existing literature as the major influential factors which influence EFL teachers’ professional performance. The factors outlined in the paper are analyzed using the theoretical framework of the theory of performance. The paper provides some recommendations for future research in this regard as well.
Reflective Practice Experience of an EFL Student Teacher during Practicum
Authors: Al-Jaro Morshed S. , Asmawi Adelina
Published: April 2022

This qualitative single case study focuses on the reflective practice experience of a university student teacher while doing her practicum at a secondary school in an EFL teaching context in Yemen. It addresses the steps and strategies followed by the student teacher to examine her teaching practice for professional development. The data were mainly collected from interviews with the student teacher and her supervisors during practicum. The results revealed that the student teacher made some attempts to examine her teaching practice, especially parts she faced difficulty in. Also, the findings showed a limited guidance from the supervisors to encourage the student teacher to reflect on her teaching practice. Based on the findings, it is suggested that EFL student teachers should be first trained to systematically reflect on their teaching practice during their preparation stage and then encouraged and engaged in reflective practice during practicum to enhance their reflective practice experience.
Designing an e-Portfolio Framework for Academic Writing of Second Language Learners
Authors: Ngui Wirawati , Pang Vincent , Hiew Wendy , Tan Choon Keong
Published: April 2022

Technology has transformed assessment by multiplying the methods as well as resources that can be used to measure learning. One such transformation is the e-Portfolio, an innovative tool that catalyses the sharing of work and the inclusion of digital evidences. The use of e-Portfolio to assess academic writing among undergraduate students in Malaysia provides enhanced testing and learning opportunities. This study therefore aims to design an e-Portfolio framework that aligns with the current aspirations for higher education in Malaysia, paving the way to a more contextualised and sustainable form of assessment for English Language courses. To design the framework, relevant concepts, models and frameworks in the past studies, ranging from the year 2000-2018 were reviewed. Relevance was determined based on application in higher education and in the ESL context. The data were imported to NVivo 12, and content analysis was employed as the primary method of data analysis. Using an inductive approach, concepts and theories regarding assessment, academic writing, and learning were merged to form the e-Portfolio framework. Based on the analysis, the proposed e-Portfolio framework has footing in assessment theory for learning, process writing approach, and the theory of constructivism. This framework prescribes that by using the e-Portfolio as an assessment, instructor and peer feedback can be better communicated, revision can be easily done, and a wide range of authentic and multimedia resources can be included. Overall, this leads to an improved emphasis on learner involvement and progress when being assessed.
Integrating Social Media Platforms in the 21st Century Classrooms: Recommendations for English Educators
Authors: Misman Juritah , Gafar Siti Zuraina , Atan Mohd Amirul , Nordin Nor Afifa
Published: April 2022

This paper aims to highlight recommended lessons for teachers to use social media platforms in the English classrooms. It provides lesson plans for teachers as guidelines to integrate social media platforms in the 21st century classroom, particularly in schools. Generally, there are generation gaps between educators and students in the 21st century classroom. In narrowing the generation gap, this paper provides tips on the characteristics of teachers best suited to teach the 21st century students. Innovative technologies are presented as tools especially on social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram which could be used by English teachers to support language learning process. As these apps are easily available to be downloaded in smart devices, integrating them into classroom lessons is recommended for implementations by the English educators.
The Effects of Reading Aloud Strategies on Text Level Difficulties, Reading Proficiency and Reading Comprehension Skill
Authors: Mehmood Sajid Muhammad Khalid , Kassim Hafizoah
Published: April 2022

Reading aloud is an essential learning strategy that can increase the quality of students’ reading comprehension abilities, which significant role may help them to overcome text level difficulties of the learning materials. This pilot study focused on reading aloud as an appropriate reading strategy for efficient outcomes for low-proficiency Saudi students. Mixed method design was employed with the administration of three research instruments; a reading test, a questionnaire and an interview protocol for teachers and students. Participants were 30 postgraduate students who attended a foundation English course at a public university in Saudi Arabia. The students were put into an experimental group where the reading aloud strategies were applied. The findings showed significant results. The results of the reading test and questionnaire showed that the students did better in the posttest than the pretest. In general, most of the students indicated that reading aloud strategies have helped them to improve their reading proficiency, better understand higher level texts, and hence improve their reading comprehension skill.
Syntax Determinants ad sensum and ad formam in Sentences with a Serial Subject
Authors: Zbróg Piotr
Published: April 2022

The syntax of the serial subject in contemporary Polish poses many problems, especially in the normative context. Many publications emphasize that a verb predicate should be agreed upon based on real-meaning syntax – regardless of the features of the members of the series and the order (e.g. Stół i / lub / czy taboret stały obok siebie vs. Obok siebie stały stół i / lub / czy taboret), and only exceptionally the form of the personal word may be adapted to the nearest segment. However, as evidenced by empirical studies, such an approach is inconsistent with the actual state of affairs. Only in individual cases does the linguistic custom allow for an almost non-exceptional ad sensum syntax (Mąż i żona siedzieli naprzeciwko), and so many examples illustrating the ad formam syntax can be found (Nie Janek, ale Basia czytała najlepiej). There are even more sentences with a variant adaptation (Siedzą / siedzi naprzeciwko mąż i żona). The article lists all the tested series types that determine the real-meaning and formal-grammatical syntax, and they are formally and structurally characterized. Examples of series illustrating the accommodative variability are given as a kind of cliché. The presented material can be treated as a voice in the discussion on prescriptive comments on the syntax of the serialized subject, formulated in corrective publications.
Transgressive Character of the Femme Fatale Image in Oles Ulianenko’s Novel “Seraphim”
Authors: Shteinbuk Feliks
Published: April 2022

The article is dedicated to one of the most talented and the most controversial modern Ukrainian writers Oles Ulianenko. However, his literary works did not receive the appropriate professional interpretation because the literary scholars and critics applied either the erroneous or unproductive professional methodology for many objective and subjective reasons. As a result, the writer’s works remain unread or read in an arguable way. Taking one of the most contentious novels of O. Ulianenko’s “Seraphim” as an example for analysis, the aim of this article is to suggest an alternative variant of theoretical and literary analysis based on the corporal-mimetic method to interpret fiction works. Due to the chosen approach, it is possible to draw the conclusion that the image of Seraphim is the image which only seemingly claims the status of the femme fatale; actually, the content of this image is а constant overcoming social, property, status, space, gender, corporal, sexual and other rules and norms. It says about overcoming in order to overcome, about complete overcoming which can be stopped only by death which, being unmotivated, is another variant of phenomenal, namely feminine transgression.
Graffiti and the Discursive Construction of Fitness in Gyms
Authors: Echitchi Raymond
Published: April 2022

This paper is an attempt to add knowledge to scholarship in a field that has attracted less attention from researchers. It presents a study of graffiti found on a board located inside a gym in Madrid that was carried out in order to get a grasp of the functions of the graffiti and gain an insight into discursive practices in gyms. Data analysis focused on texts while overlooking the graffiti’s non-verbal features and was carried out following Fairclough’s (2004, 2013) approach, which emphasizes the study of language as a social practice and encourages a three-fold analysis of discourse that includes action, representation and identification. The study revealed that social agents attempted to act and interact directly or indirectly with fellow gym-goers through graffiti.
Peculiarities of adaptive changes of qualified athletes
to middle mountain conditions
Authors: Stankevych Lyudmyla , Khmelnytska Yuliia , Vdovenko Nataliia , Rossokha Halyna , Yefanova Valentyna
Published: April 2022

purpose: to study the peculiarities of adaptive changes in high-class athletes to the effect of significant physical loads in middle mountain conditions.
Material & Methods: determination of the level of urea and the
concentration of hemoglobin in the blood was carried out using a biochemical analyzer “Diaglobal” (Germany) using ready-made kits of reagents from the same company.
results: the article discusses the ways to improve the efficiency of training process management in athletics (race walking) and modern pentathlon, based on the use of biochemical control over the development of adaptation in various climatic conditions of the body of highly qualified athletes under the influence of training and control-competitive activities.
conclusions: the reaction to the load of the blood system on the hemoglobin in the second microcycle of modern pentathletes showed an unwillingness to perform these loads, due to the fact that most athletes perform training loads at this height for the first time, while in athletes engaged in race walking in the second microcycle adaptive polycythemia was developing. This ensures the formation of sustainable adaptation, which allows you to perform the planned program of training loads. A blood test of race walking athletes showed that the concentration of urea, which was determined before exercise at rest, gradually increased within normal limits, and characterized the tolerability of training loads.
improvement of the physical preparedness of athletes
in breaking at the age of 13-15 years using the
functional simulator “alpha-gravity”
Authors: Humenyuk Sergey , Konovalov Vladimir , Zamaziy Vladislav
Published: April 2022

Мета: експериментально обґрунтувати вдосконалення фізичної підготовленості спортсменів з брейкінгу віком 13-15 років засобами функціонального тренажеру «Альфа-гравіті». Матеріал і методи: теоретичний аналіз і узагальнення науково-методичної літератури, педагогічне спостереження, педагогічне тестування, педагогічний експеримент, методи математичної статистики. У дослідженні взяли участь 22 спортсмена з брейкінгу віком 13-15 років, зі складу резерву збірної команди України. З учасників дослідження було сформовано дві групи: контрольну групу (КГ) - 11 спортсменів та основну групу (ОГ) - 11 спортсменів, до навчально-тренувального процесу якої було включено засоби функціонального тренажеру «Альфа-гравіті». Результати: виявлено позитивний вплив застосування у навчально-тренувальному процесі спортсменів з брейкінгу віком 13-15 років комплексу вправ з використанням функціонального тренажеру «Альфа-гравіті». Найбільший приріст показників фізичної підготовленості спортсменів основної групи виявлено у тестах: Т1 «Нахил вперед з положення сидячи ноги разом, (см)»; Т2 «Згинання та розгинання рук в упорі лежачи (к-ть разів·хв-1)»; Т5 «Утримання тулубу в положенні лежачи на животі, (с)»; Т6 «Планка, (с)». В інших тестах також простежується позитивна динаміка зростання показників. Висновки: встановлено статистично значущі позитивні зміни рівня фізичної підготовленості спортсменів з брейкінгу віком 13-15 років основної групи (ОГ, n=11) під впливом розробленої методики тренувань з використанням засобів функціонального тренажеру «Альфа-гравіті».
An Opportunity in Cancer Prevention: Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Delivery in the Hospital
Authors: Moore Elizabeth , Bauer Sarah Corey , Rogers Amanda , McFadden Vanessa
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVE

Pediatric hospitalizations are a missed opportunity for delivery of the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination. In this study, the authors’ aim was to increase HPV vaccination rates among adolescents cared for by the pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) service at our academic children’s hospital.

METHODS

This quality improvement (QI) study included adolescents ≥13 years who were discharged from PHM. Interventions included: modification of discharge order sets to include vaccination status and provider training seminars regarding the delivery of the HPV vaccine. Follow-up materials were distributed to providers by e-mail. The primary outcome measure was adolescent HPV vaccination rates. Secondary outcome measures were adolescent meningococcal vaccination rates and accuracy of immunization status documentation. The balancing measure was length of stay (LOS). Data were collected via chart review. Statistical process control charts were used to analyze for special cause variation.

RESULTS

From May 2019 through February 2020, 440 patients were included in this analysis. Throughout the study, HPV and meningococcal vaccination rates increased from a baseline median of 4.6% to 21.2% and 8.3% to 26.6%, respectively. HPV vaccination was not significantly associated with sex, HPV dose due, or admitting service. Accuracy of immunization status documentation and LOS remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS

Using QI methodology we were successful in increasing HPV and meningococcal vaccination rates among hospitalized adolescents. Considering the relationship of these 2 vaccines is a potential topic of future work. Discerning the correct immunization status at time of admission may be a potential opportunity for improvement in future work.
Possible In Utero Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and Severe Respiratory Disease in a Preterm Infant
Authors: Fleming Paul , Pereira Sujith , Kapellou Olga , Claxton Alleyna , Bamford Alasdair , Aladangady Narendra
Published: April 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections are uncommon in newborn infants. This report describes possible in utero transmission of the B.1.1.7 (alpha) variant in a preterm infant born at 31 weeks’ gestational age who presented with severe respiratory disease. The infant was treated with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, antiviral medications, and corticosteroids and transitioned to noninvasive respiratory support on day 33. By day 63, she was off positive pressure support and breathing room air and she was discharged from the hospital on day 70. She demonstrated normal growth and development at a 6-month follow-up visit. Placental histopathology revealed placentitis characterized by loss of intervillous spaces resulting from fibrin deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration. Optimum management strategies for treating infants with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection have yet to be determined.
A CLINICAL CASE DEMONSTRATING THE POSSIBLE APPLICATION OF THE SEPARATE REGISTRATION OF NOSTRIL RESPIRATION IN NEUROLOGY
Authors: Atanasov A. , Manolova T. , Zagorchev P. , Jovchev J. , Arabadgiev G.
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The registration of respiration through the left and right nostrils simultaneously makes it possible to register the dynamics of the nasal cycle.
Aim: To test the method, the nasal cycle of a patient with ischemic stroke of the right posterior cerebral artery territory was measured.
Method: An interface two-channel portable system has been developed for registration of respiration separately through nostrils.
Results: The patient's respiratory and nasal cycle through the left and right nostril was measured for 4.5 hours for three consecutive days (4 days after coming out of the coma). The nasal cycle changed progressively during the healing process. On the first day, an antiphase change in the amplitude of airflow through the left and right nostril was registered with frequency 3 and 1.5 hours. They were accompanied by pronounced somnolence. In the next two days, a nasal cycle reversal of the respiratory airflow through the nostrils was observed. In the process of the patient’s recovery, a spontaneous alternative alternation of equalized respiratory airflow through the two nostrils was observed. The patient's recovery was also assessed on the NIHSS scale, whose values correlated over time with the normalization of the nasal cycle.
Conclusion: The method reflects the patient's recovery and can find application in neurology.
Child Sexual Abuse Crisis in the Irish Church 1996–2021: Guidelines and Canonical Response
Authors: Mullaney Michael
Published: April 2022

When the sexual abuse crisis exploded in the Irish Church, the canonical expertise, experience and the administrative processes for dealing with and managing complaints and suspicions of child sexual abuse by clergy were simply not fit for purpose. Addressing the crisis in the Irish Church required not only a canonical but a multidimensional response involving pastoral supports to victims and other parties, preventative measures, education, guidelines, policies, procedures, training and monitoring. Four sets of guidelines (1996, 2005, 2008, 2016) document the Irish Church’s increasingly robust efforts to address this crisis supplemented by the clearer universal norms issued by the Holy See. The article highlights some of the significant developments in the guidelines and canonical legislation: the paramountcy principle; the issue of recognitio and the binding authority of these guidelines. The nature and value of guidelines is that it they can never be completely definitive, and are continually evolving to reflect changes in the statutory context, best practice, in canon law or otherwise as these arise.
Early experiments with hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion of kidney grafts from extended criteria donors
Authors: Shabunin A. V. , Minina M. G. , Drozdov P. V. , Nesterenko I. V. , Makeev D. A. , Zhuravel O. S. , Karapetyan L. R. , Astapovich S. A.
Published: April 2022

Objective: to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion (HOPE) for kidney grafts obtained from expanded criteria donors (ECD).

Materials and methods. From June 2018 to June 2021, 200 surgeries involving kidney transplants from deceased donors were performed at Botkin City Clinical Hospital. Of these, 123 were men (61.5%) and 77 were women (38.5%). The mean age was 47.62 ± 11.69 (20–73) years. In 102 cases, kidney grafts were procured from ECD. In 92 recipients (90.2%) of kidney transplants from an expanded criteria donor, static cold storage done according to the standard technique was used to preserve the organ; these patients constituted observation group 1. In 10 recipients (9.8%), hypothermic oxygenated perfusion was used in addition to static cold preservation; these patients formed observation group 2.

Results. No 30-day mortality was recorded in both observation groups. The mean static cold storage time in group 1 patients was 612.33 ± 178.88 (133–1180) minutes. Overall incidence of delayed graft function was 26.5% (53/200). Incidence of delayed graft function was 19.3% (19/98) for organs from standard donors using static cold storage and 35.8% (33/92) for ECD organs. Twenty-five patients (12.5%) had postoperative complications. Postoperative complications with delayed graft function were diagnosed in 12 patients, which was 22.6% (12/53), with immediate function in 13 patients, which was 8.8% (13/147). Mean cold storage time in group 2 patients was 319.11 ± 110.24 (311–525) minutes. Mean HOPE time was 202.34 ± 21.48 (150–210) minutes. Delayed graft function was recorded in 1 group 2 patient (10%). No complications, including perfusion-related one, were recorded in this group.

Conclusion. The unique technique used at Botkin City Clinical Hospital for HOPE in kidney transplant is safe. It provides a low risk of delayed graft function for ECD kidneys.
Liver transplantation for primary biliary cholangitis (review)
Authors: Iljinsky I. M. , Tsirulnikova O. M.
Published: April 2022

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease resulting from the destruction and inflammation of intrahepatic bile ducts. This end-stage disease was once the most common cause of liver transplantation. The use of ursodeoxycholic and obeticholic acids as a first-line and second-line treatment, respectively, slows down the disease. However, treatment is not effective in about 40% of PBC patients, and the disease may progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. These patients undergo liver transplantation to save their lives. After surgery, recurrent PBC can develop in a milder form and rarely requires liver retransplantation.
Application of indocyanine green fluorescence for ureter imaging: review
Authors: Smagulov A. D. , Rysmakhanov M. S. , Koishybayev Zh. M. , Sultangereyev Y. B. , Mussin N. M.
Published: April 2022

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Modelos evolucionistas de crescimento endógeno
Authors: HIGACHI HERMES , CANUTO OTAVIANO , PORCILE GABRIEL
Published: April 2022

RESUMO O artigo apresenta as principais linhas de pesquisa seguidas por modelos evolutivos de crescimento endógeno. Os autores pretendem mostrar como essas abordagens constituem um programa de pesquisa como alternativa àquela seguida pelos “novos” modelos de crescimento endógeno. Após uma comparação entre as micro-fundações evolucionárias e as novas clássicas, o texto exibe uma síntese e uma amostra de exercícios de modelagem ao longo de linhas evolutivas.
Modernidade e discurso econômico: ainda sobre McCloskey
Authors: PAULANI LEDA MARIA
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Este artigo é parte de um debate sobre retórica em economia que começou com a publicação dos trabalhos de McCloskey e se espalhou pelo Brasil. Um artigo meu, escrito em 1992, produziu uma intensa polêmica que apareceu na íntegra no livro editado por Rego (Retórica na Economia, São Paulo, editora 34, 1996). No presente trabalho, tento responder aos críticos à minha posição, confrontando as nomeações de McCloskey com as do pragmatismo de Rorthy e considerando, por outro lado, os diferentes significados desenvolvidos no uso do termo “retórico” por McCloskey.
Assessment of heavy metals in cyprinid fishes: Rivers of district Khuzdar Balochistan Pakistan
Authors: Gurganari L. , Dastageer G. , Mushtaq R. , Khwaja S. , Uddin S. , Baloch M. I. , Hasni S.
Published: April 2022

Abstract The present study was conducted to measured heavy metals in cyprinid fishes in rivers of District Khuzdar Balochistan, Pakistan. In the present study, 25 fish samples were collected that belonged to 8 order of 13 families, The Cyprinidae family had the largest number of eight fish species. Present study is focused on Heavy metals in cyprinid fishes. Heavy metals accumulation like Zinc, Manganese, Copper, and Nickel was evaluated in water and various organs of fishes. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy was used for the identification of these heavy metals in fish species and water bodies. The average concentration (mg/L) of Zn 0.26-0.41, Mn 0.030- 0.073, Cu 0.017—0.080 and NI 0.14-0.79 were observed in water. The Concentration (mg/L), of Zn Conc 0.383-.028 Mn Conc .073- .030 Cu Conc 080-.017 NI Conc .79-.14. The concentration of heavy metals was found both similar and varied simultaneously across the whole research area. Zinc concentration was reported highest, whereas Copper was at the lowest concentration in all fish species .The concentration of heavy metals, in all the fish species under this study, was above the threshold of WHO limits.
Characterization of Bacillus cereus isolated from contaminated foods with sequencing of virulence genes in Egypt
Authors: Mostafa N. F. , Elkenany R. M. , Younis G.
Published: April 2022

Abstract The current study describes the presence of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) in contaminated foods of animal source and ready for human consumption with highlighting on their virulence contributing factors by detection of its virulence genes in addition to identification of their sequencing. Three hundred sixty food samples categorized as (228) meat products and (132) milk products were examined for B. cereus isolation and all of these isolates were confirmed by biochemical tests. Eighteen strains obtained from different food samples were examined for the attendance of a number of virulence genes (nheA, cytK, entFM, bceT and hblC genes) using uniplex PCR method. Furthermore, the B. cereus strains were valued for the sequencing of described genes. Generally 24.44% (88/360) food samples classified as 11.11% (40/360) meat products and 13.33% (48/360) milk products carried B. cereus according to cultural and biochemical properties, with geometric mean (1.5×107±0.15 CFU/g or mL) . The highest counts (above 105 CFU/g or mL) were originated from milk products (with geometric mean 2.2×107±0.22 CFU/g or mL) more than meat products (with geometric mean 1×107±0.19 CFU/g or mL). The results revealed that all of our isolates had one or more virulence (enterotoxin) genes. In our research, the most predominant genes were nheA (100%), followed by cytK (61.11%), entFM (33.33%), bceT (11.11%) then hblC (5.56%). Molecular method detected that overall, 5 strains (27.78%) harbored only 1 gene (nheA), 7 strains (38.88%) harbored 2 genes which classified as 5 strains (27.78%) (nheA and cytK), 2 strains (11.11%) have (nheA and entFM). Moreover, 5 strains (27.78%) have 3 genes classified as 3 strains (16.67%) harbored (nheA, cytK and entFM), 1 strain (5.56%) had (nheA, cytK and hblC), and 1 strain (5.56%) had (nheA, cytK and bceT). Only 1 strain (5.56%) carried 4 tested virulence genes (nheA, cytK, entFM and bceT) genes. The most prevalent gene in meat and dairy foods was nheA (100%). The nucleotide sequences of (bceT, cytK, entFM, hblC and nheA genes) of B. cereus strains were deposited in GenBank under accession no. (MW911824, MW911825, MW911826, MW911827 and MW911828), respectively. Our study was established to indicate the presence of virulent B. cereus in meat and milk products ready for human consumption as a result of deficient hygienic actions. So, a plain for good hygienic measures should be modified to avoid causing serious health problems to human due to ingestion of such products.
VACINAÇÃO ANTI-RÁBICA EM BOVINOS: COMPARAÇÃO DE CINCO ESQUEMAS VACINAIS
Authors: Albas A. , Pardo P.E. , Bremer Neto H. , Gallina N.M.F. , Mourão Fuches R.M. , Sartori A.
Published: April 2022

RESUMO A profilaxia antirrábica em bovinos no Brasil é baseada no uso de preparações vacinais de vírus inativado. O Programa Brasileiro de Controle da Raiva Bovina indica o uso de uma dose destas vacinas (1 mL) seguida de um reforço. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e comparar os níveis de anticorpos induzidos por 5 esquemas alternativos de vacinação antirrábica em bovinos. Para isto, foram instituídos cinco grupos experimentais, denominados A, B, C, D e E, contendo 9 animais cada grupo. Os bovinos receberam, inicialmente, uma dose da vacina (dia 0). As doses de reforço foram aplicadas de acordo com o seguinte protocolo: grupo B (uma dose no dia 30); grupo C (uma dose no dia 180); os grupos D e E receberam duas doses de reforço, nos dias 30 e 60 e 30 e 180, respectivamente; o grupo A não recebeu dose de reforço. Amostras de sangue para obtenção de soro foram colhidas de todos os animais nos dias 0 (controle), 30, 60, 90, 180, 210 e 360 após o início da vacinação. Para aferir os níveis de anticorpos antirrábicos foi utilizado o Teste Rápido de Inibição de Focos Fluorescentes (RFFIT) e foram consideradas positivas as amostras com títulos ? 0,5 UI/mL (Unidades Internacionais/mL). O esquema de vacinação adotado no grupo E foi o mais eficiente, determinando níveis mais elevados de anticorpos e persistência dos mesmos por tempo mais prolongado e os resultados obtidos ilustram a necessidade de duas doses de reforço para melhor proteção de bovinos. Em função dos resultados observados, os autores sugerem que a vacinação contra a raiva nestes animais seja realizada com 3 doses, sendo os reforços administrados nos dias 30 e 180 após a primeira dose.
ANÁLISE MICROBIOLÓGICA, TESTE DE TAMIS E CALIFORNIA MASTITIS TEST REALIZADOS EM AMOSTRAS DE LEITE DE FÊMEAS BUBALINAS PERTENCENTES A REBANHOS DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Kapronezai J. , Melville P. , Benites N.R.
Published: April 2022

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a análise dos testes de tamis, CMT e do exame microbiológico de amostras de leite de fêmeas bubalinas. Os quartos mamários foram submetidos ao teste de tamis e CMT, sendo colhidas 262 amostras de leite de fêmeas bubalinas primíparas e pluríparas para análise microbiológica. No teste do tamis, 99,6% das amostras apresentaram resultado negativo. No CMT, observamos resultado negativo em 88,2% das amostras; traços (8%), positivo 1+ (1,5%); positivo 2+ (1,15%); positivo 3+ (1,15%). A análise microbiológica apresentou amostras sem crescimento de microrganismos (75,6%); com isolamento de Staphylococcus spp. (11,8%), Corynebacterium spp. (7,3%), Streptococcus spp. (3,1%) e com crescimento de microrganismos em associações (1,2%). Concluiu-se que nos rebanhos bubalinos estudados, os índices de mastite clínica e subclínica são muito baixos. A análise dos resultados obtidos no CMT e no exame microbiológico nos leva a inferir que a freqüência de animais portadores nos rebanhos estudados é elevada ou que o teste de CMT não pode ser considerado um bom teste de triagem para mastite em bubalinos, o que evidencia a importância da adoção de medidas preventivas a fim de assegurar a qualidade e inocuidade do produto e de seus derivados.
DESEMPENHO DE LINHAGENS DE TRIGO MEXICANAS, EM CONDIÇÃO DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO*
Authors: Lobato M.T.V. , Camargo C.E.O. , Ferreira Filho A.W.P. , Barros B.C. , Pettinelli Junior A. , Pereira J.C.V.N.A. , Gallo P.B.
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Foram avaliadas 18 linhagens mexicanas de porte semi-anão e duas cultivares de trigo IAC24 e IAC-370 (controles), em 6 experimentos, com delineamento estatístico em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições, instalados em solo corrigido e com emprego de irrigação por aspersão, em Tatuí, Mococa e Ribeirão Preto, no Estado de São Paulo, nos anos de 2003 e 2004. Foram analisadas: produção de grãos, altura das plantas, resistência à ferrugem-da-folha, comprimento das espigas, número de espiguetas por espiga, de grãos por espiga e por espigueta e massa de cem grãos. As linhagens 15 (CAR442/ANA//YACO/3/KAUZ*2/TRAP//KAUZ), 16 (BAV92/STAR), 17 (BAV92/ STAR) e 18 (BAV92/PRL) destacaram-se em relação à produção de grãos e resistência à ferrugem-dafolha. A linhagem 5 (CNDO/R143//ENTE/MEXI/3...) mostrou resistência à ferrugem-da-folha associado a grãos pesados podendo, portanto, ser utilizada comercialmente ou em programas de melhoramento como fontes genéticas dessas características. A cultivar IAC-370 destacou-se por apresentar espigas mais compridas, a linhagem 13 (EHAL//CHUM18/BAU) por exibir grande número de espiguetas por espiga e as linhagens 12 (IA8719*2//KVZ/HD2009) e 18 (BAV92/PRL), por terem grande número de grãos por espiga. Os resultados mostraram que houve uma tendência dos genótipos mais produtivos serem de porte semi-anão mais alto e apresentarem uma maior massa de cem grãos.
PATOGENICIDADE DE NEMATÓIDES ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS A OVOS E LARVAS DE MIGDOLUS FRYANUS (WESTWOOD, 1863) (COLEOPTERA: VESPERIDAE)
Authors: Machado L.A. , Habib M. , Leite L.G. , Calegari L.C. , Goulart R.M. , Tavares F.M.
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Nematóides entomopatogênicos, nativos, Steinernema glaseri (Steiner, 1929) e Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar & David, 1992 (IBCB-n5) foram avaliados quanto ao potencial parasítico, contra ovos e larvas de Migdolus fryanus, em laboratório. Ovos do vesperídeo foram expostos a Juvenis Infectivos (JI) de H. indica (60 e 600 JI/ovo). Em cada tratamento usou-se 3 repetições, com 5 ovos. Não ocorreu diferença significativa entre os tratamentos. Porém, constatou-se a penetração do nematóide e redução da viabilidade dos ovos infectados. Avaliou-se também, S. glaseri e H. indica (600 JI/larva) contra larvas recém eclodidas de M. fryanus. Os tratamentos tiveram 4 repetições, cada uma com 5 larvas. S. glaseri causou 100% de mortalidade e H. indica H. Indica 80%, diferindo significativamente da testemunha. Finalmente, observou-se o efeito de S. glaseri e H. indica em 2 dosagens (400 e 800 JI/Inseto) contra larvas em final de desenvolvimento. Foram considerados 5 tratamentos com 7 repetições, cada uma com 3 larvas. Neste caso, não ocorreu diferença significativa entre as dosagens dos nematóides, porém, H. indica nas suas 2 dosagens, mostrou-se mais patogênico que a testemunha e do S. glaseri, proporcionando uma mortalidade larval de 76,43 e 71,57%, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram que esses nematóides têm potencial para serem pesquisados como agente de controle biológico de M. fryanus em cultivos de cana-de-açúcar, no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil.
OCORRÊNCIA DE TRYBLIOGRAPHA SP. (HYMENOPTERA: FIGITIDAE: EUCOILINAE) COMO PARASITÓIDE DE OXYSARCODEXIA THORNAX (WALKER, 1849) (DIPTERA: SARCOPHAGIDAE) NO BRASIL
Authors: Marchiori C.H. , Silva Filho O.M. , Borges M.P. , Alvarenga V.A.
Published: April 2022

RESUMO Este estudo relata a primeira ocorrência de Trybliographa sp. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) como parasitóide de Oxysarcodexia thornax (Walker, 1849) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) encontrado em fezes humanas em Itumbiara, GO, Brasil. Amostras de fezes humanas foram coletadas em intervalos de duas semanas de sua exposição no campo e levadas para o laboratório para extração das pupas pelo método de flutuação. As pupas foram individualizadas em cápsulas de gelatina e mantidas até a emergência das moscas e/ou parasitóides. A porcentagem de parasitismo foi de 10%.
Germination test of Cordia trichotoma seeds: a forest species native to Brazil
Authors: Grzybowski Camila Ribeiro de Souza , Vieira Elisa Serra Negra , Michelon Thomas Bruno , Panobianco Maristela
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud. is a forest species native to Brazil, naturally propagated by seeds, whose quality assessment may be underestimated by the use of inappropriate methods for conducting the germination test. Given the potential use of this plant and the importance of conserving native species, the present work aimed to study parameters for conducting the germination test in louro-pardo seeds, during three consecutive years of evaluations. For this purpose, temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C) and substrates (blotter paper, filter paper, sand and vermiculite) were tested in seeds collected in different crop seasons. The tests were carried out under a completely randomized experimental design, with four replications, in a factorial scheme for the germination test (temperatures x substrates), with the data obtained being subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Germination percentage and speed index were determined, and seed health analysis was performed. It is concluded that the germination test for louro-pardo seeds should be carried out between vermiculite, at 30 °C, without light supply, with the first count carried out at 26 days and the last count at 48 days after setting up the test.
Effect of long-term storage on viability of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) seeds
Authors: Silva Jamille Cardeal da , Silva Jailton de Jesus , Silva Simonica Sousa da , Gomes Raquel Araujo , Dantas Bárbara França
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Prolonged storage of seeds may lead to decreases in seed quality, negatively affecting germination and vigor and preventing the obtaining of a promising stand. Seed quality is a critical factor, and the performance of the lot can be altered by vigor, dormancy and, mainly, by the time and conditions in which the seeds were stored. In the experiment, the physiological quality of seeds 14 genotypes of buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) genotypes stored for a period of thirteen years in cold conditions was evaluated. The seeds were subjected to germination induction treatment with potassium nitrate (KNO3) and evaluated to identify seeds with presence and absence of embryos. The seed storage period affected their germination capacity and the use of KNO3 did not increase seed germination. A low number of full seeds was found for genotype 613 (12%). The relative germination percentages did not underestimate the buffel grass seed germination potential, as it is usually calculated, providing an improved distinction between the evaluated genotypes. The use of KNO3 increased the seedling root and shoot weights of some genotypes, as well as the dry matter weight of seedlings, an important characteristic for forage production. The prolonged storage affects the physiological quality of buffel grass seeds. The production of seeds without embryo is a problem found for this species, which affects the final quality of the seed lots produced.
COLONOSCOPY FINDINGS IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION CANDIDATES
Authors: OSÓRIO Fernanda Maria Farage , NARDELLI Mateus Jorge , MAIA Luísa Gueiros , RODRIGUES Raquel de Almeida Torga , PENNA Francisco Guilherme Cancela e , LIMA Agnaldo Soares
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Background Mandatory colonoscopy in liver transplantation (LT) candidates is recommended but still controversial. Objective To investigate the frequency of colonoscopy lesions in order to support colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in a real-world pre-LT cohort. Methods Retrospective study conducted at a single-center included 632 subjects who underwent pre-transplantation colonoscopy. Results Median age was 56.9 years (yr.) old (82.3% were ≥50 yr.). Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) occurred in 4.6%. Colonoscopy was abnormal in 438 (69.3%) by detection of polyps (37.7%), vascular changes (29.9%), diverticulosis (18.4%), inflammatory bowel disease features (5.2%) and CRC (0.6%). Histology was available in 66.8% of polyps: hyperplastic (47.8%), low-grade dysplasia (56.6%) and high-grade dysplasia (3.8%). High-risk adenomas occurred in 8.2% of the 594 subjects evaluated. Individuals ≥50 yr. were more likely to present abnormal colonoscopy and polyps. High-grade dysplasia and CRC were only found in individuals ≥50 yr. Patients with high-risk adenomas were more likely to be ≥50 yr.: there was no association between high-risk adenomas detection and liver disease etiology or PSC diagnosis. Conclusion Most LT candidates presented abnormal colonoscopy examination, especially by polyps presence. All cases of high-grade dysplasia and CRC occurred in patients ≥50 yr., regardless of disease etiology.
NORMAL VALUES OF ESOPHAGEAL 24-HOUR IMPEDANCE-PH AMBULATORY IN AN ARGENTINE COHORT OF HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS
Authors: RAMOS Rosa Isabel , CERNADAS Gustavo , CURVALE Cecilia , MATANO Raúl
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Background There are no data of reference values on 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (pH-MII) monitoring in Argentinian populations. Objective Our aim was to obtain the normal values of pH-MII variables among healthy asymptomatic volunteers in a metropolitan Health Care Center of Argentina, and to compare them with data already published from other regions around the world. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken in a tertiary referral center in Buenos Aires. We enrolled healthy subjects and asked them to undergo esophageal pH-MII 24hours monitoring. pH-MII variables were recorded and described. Results Median reflux events was 20.5 (25-75%, 95%) interquartile range: (14-46, 50) and proximal reflux episodes was 2.5 (0-10, 11). Sixty percent were acid reflux episodes: 12 (5-29, 38), representing a relatively low value when compared to those reported in European, American and Chinese populations. Conclusion Our study shows the first reference of normal values of gastroesophageal reflux in an Argentinian population. We found a total number of reflux events and a total number of proximal reflux events lower than what was reported until this date by other authors.