bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Science of Health Care Worker Burnout: Assessing and Improving Health Care Worker Well-Being
Authors: Rehder Kyle , Adair Kathryn C. , Sexton J. Bryan
Published: August 2021

Context.—

Problems with health care worker (HCW) well-being have become a leading concern in medicine given their severity and robust links to outcomes like medical error, mortality, and turnover.

Objective.—

To describe the state of the science regarding HCW well-being, including how it is measured, what outcomes it predicts, and what institutional and individual interventions appear to reduce it.

Data Sources.—

Peer review articles as well as multiple large data sets collected within our own research team are used to describe the nature of burnout, associations with institutional resources, and individual tools to improve well-being.

Conclusions.—

Rates of HCW burnout are alarmingly high, placing the health and safety of patients and HCWs at risk. To help address the urgent need to help HCWs, we summarize some of the most promising early interventions, and point toward future research that uses standardized metrics to evaluate interventions (with a focus on low-cost institutional and personal interventions).
LÉON DUGUIT E A ITÁLIA
Authors: Sordi Bernardo
Published: August 2021

O juspublicista francês Léon Duguit conquistou, desde os primeiros anos do século XX, um grande número de leitores na Itália, chamando a atenção de grandes nomes do pensamento jurídico da península, tais como Ugo Forti, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando e Santi Romano. No presente trabalho, faz-se um balanço da reverberação de sua obra entre juristas italianos, procurando entender sua extensão e, principalmente, as razões que limitaram seu impacto. Concluímos, assim, que o principal obstáculo ao aprofundamento de sua influência na ciência jurídica italiana foi um certo radicalismo conceitual que o levava a questionar a realidade do Estado, atitude pouco tolerável para uma juspublicística inspirada na Staatslehre alemã. Isso, todavia, não o impediu ainda de ser uma importante referência na discussão de temas como a representação dos interesses, a organização sindical, o contrato coletivo de trabalho, a função social da propriedade mesmo entre juristas próximos ao fascismo, revelando uma apropriação fragmentada de suas teorias, de forma tal a isolar seu “anti-estatalismo”. Já a centralidade atribuída por ele ao conceito de serviço público na delimitação do direito administrativo ganhou relevância na Itália apenas nos anos 50, quando a ciência jurídica francesa já discutia a crise do serviço público.
Distributed generation of photovoltaic solar energy: impacts of ANEEL`s new regulation proposal on investment attractiveness
Authors: Cardoso Diego Silva , Locatelli Pedro Sartori , Ramalho Wanderley , Asgary Nader
Published: August 2021

Purpose – The production of photovoltaic solar energy has gained international prominence, being the subject of government policies aimed at its development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the profitability of a shared photovoltaic solar energy project, located in the national territory, resulting from changes in regulatory framework of the sector represented by different tariff levels.Design/methodology/approach – It is a quantitative study based on corporate finance as its theoretical-conceptual substrate. Simulations were carried out using different energy price and tariff scenarios.Findings - The results reveal that, under current conditions, distributed photovoltaic solar energy generation is financially very attractive to investors. In addition, it was found that significant changes in the tariff regime for this type of energy might prevent new investments in the segment. Practical implications – The evidence suggests caution in changing the legal framework of a segment that is still incipient in the country, which generates clean and renewable energy, and with enormous growth potential.Originality/value - The study presents, in a systematic way, the possible impacts of changes in the price and tariff scenarios on the attractiveness of investment in the distributed generation of photovoltaic solar energy generation. In this sense, it can be easily adapted to evaluate industrial plant projects of different sizes in regions with distinct levels of solar irradiation.
ESTUDO DE MÚLTIPLOS CASOS DE PRÁTICAS EDUCOMUNICATIVAS EM ESCOLAS DE SANTA MARIA-RS
Authors: Ghisleni Taís Steffenello , Dias Marcos Pinheiro
Published: August 2021

A presente pesquisa apresenta um estudo de múltiplos casos em três instituições de ensino da cidade de Santa de Maria levando em consideração a midiatização e dispositivos midiáticos, tecnologias, mídias sociais digitais, sociedade em rede e a os estudos em educomunicação. É uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa que utiliza em seu método o estudo de múltiplos casos. O foco principal da pesquisa desenvolvida é a partir da atuação desses profissionais em atividades educomunicativas de modo a realizar um levantamento detalhado de cada um dos casos e estratégias e propor aprimoramentos da utilização de recursos tecnológicos voltados para o ensino.
LO INDÍGENA Y LA ETNICIDAD EN LAS ACTUALES PRODUCCIONES DE VÍDEO-ARTE
Authors: Pisonero Carmen Gaona
Published: August 2021

Tras el olvido en los escenarios académicos de la etnicidad, en especial en contextos europeos, muchas de las gestiones y distribuciones museísticas actuales desde sus videoproducciones, nos recuerdan la necesidad de resignificar lo indígena, más allá de vencidos y colonizados, pero sin negar y dejar de percibir las geopolíticas múltiples y diversas de lo indígena. Es por ello que en este texto se considera imprescindible una aproximación a la realidad actual de lo indígena desde “lo visual”. En concreto, se reflejará la investigación de las narrativas audiovisuales de diecinueve video artistas de Bolivia. De los resultados de dicha investigación, se defiende la tesis de ver el arte visual como productor de nuevos líderes etnopolíticos, con una propuesta sin heridas y sin odios históricos: un sereno, peroperformativo recuerdo visual de la memoria histórica.
Personality dynamics
Authors: Jayawickreme Eranda , Fleeson William , Beck Emorie D. , Baumert Anna , Adler Jonathan M.
Published: August 2021

Traditionally, personality psychology has been understood as the study of stability in people’s dispositions. However, a different strand of personality research has highlighted the importance of acknowledging and explaining the meaningful intraindividual variation in human thoughts, feelings, and behavior across different contexts and time. The goal of this paper is to review this strand, highlight current research, and outline key questions for future research. We summarize historical perspectives on the dynamic processes underlying the emergence of personality within and across individuals (e.g. the pioneering theorizing of Allport; the person-situation debate), recent theoretical and empirical advances in incorporating dynamic processes into the definition and assessment of personality (e.g., the study of personality states; dynamic approaches to personality including Cognitive Affective Personality System [CAPS], Whole Trait Theory, the Knowledge-and-Appraisal Personality Architecture [KAPA] framework, and Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation [NIPS]), and new directions in current research (e.g. idiographic approaches; understanding variability in narrative identity). We end with suggestions for future research.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE APPLICATION OF DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUES TO CYBERSECURITY DATASETS
Authors: LARRIVA NOVO XAVIER , VEGA BARBAS MARIO , VILLAGRA VICTOR , BERROCAL JULIO
Published: August 2021

Cybersecurity has stood out in recent years with the aim of protecting information systems. Different methods, techniques and tools have been used to make the most of the existing vulnerabilities in these systems. Therefore, it is essential to develop and improve new technologies, as well as intrusion detection systems that allow detecting possible threats. However, the use of these technologies requires highly qualified cybersecurity personnel to analyze the results and reduce the large number of false positives that these technologies presents in their results. Therefore, this generates the need to research and develop new high-performance cybersecurity systems that allow efficient analysis and resolution of these results. This research presents the application of machine learning techniques to classify real traffic, in order to identify possible attacks. The study has been carried out using machine learning tools applying deep learning algorithms such as multi-layer perceptron and long-short-term-memory. Additionally, this document presents a comparison between the results obtained by applying the aforementioned algorithms and algorithms that are not deep learning, such as: random forest and decision tree. Finally, the results obtained are presented, showing that the long-short-term-memory algorithm is the one that provides the best results in relation to precision and logarithmic loss.
LOW POWER VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) DESIGN OF FINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE (FIR) FILTER FOR BIOMEDICAL IMAGING APPLICATION
Authors: MOHANA KANNAN LOGANATHAN , DEEPA DHANASKODI
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, the medical image processing techniques are using Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) designs for improving the availability and applicability. The digital filters are important module of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) based systems. Existing Finite Impulse Response (FIR) design approach performed with Partial Full Adder (PFA) based Carry Lookahead Adder (CLA) and parallel prefix adder logic in Vedic multiplier. Objective of this approach is to improve the performance of VLSI circuit by obtaining the result of area, power and delay, also, effective incorporation between VLSI circuit and image processing approach makes improved application availability. The design of high speed digital FIR filter is designed with various adders and multipliers. The incorporation of VLSI design and image processing techniques are used on biomedical imaging applications. The Enhanced FIR filter design utilized the hybrid adder and adaptive Vedic multiplier approaches for increasing the performance of VLSI part and the image processing results are taken from Matrix Laboratory tool. This proposed FIR filter design helps to perform the biomedical imaging techniques. The simulation result obtains the performance of enhanced FIR with area, delay and power; for biomedical imaging, Mean Square Error (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) is obtained. Comparing with existing and proposed method, the proposed FIR filter for biomedical imaging application obtains the better result. Thus the design model states with various application availability of VLSI image processing approaches and it obtains the better performance results of both VLSI and image processing applications. Overall, the proposed system is designed by Xilinx ISE 14.5 and the synthesized result is done with ModelSim. Here the biomedical image performance is done by using MATLAB with the adaptation of 2018a.
Keywords- Enhanced FIR filter; Adaptive vedic multiplier; Hybrid adder; Biomedical imaging; power delay product;
CONNECTED AND AUTOMATED VEHICLE AS A MODEL OF CHANGE IN OUR SOCIETY: ADVANCES AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: PÉREZ RASTELLI JOSHUÉ
Published: August 2021

In recent years, automated vehicles (also known asautonomous vehicles), are becoming a more than obvious reality. Many of us believe that this reality is accompanied by a deeper and more complex change in our society, and in the way we understand mobility today.
Complications of gel manicures
Authors: Woolridge Katherine , Hooper Deirdre
Published: August 2021

Green nail syndrome is a nail disorder mostly seen in the elderly and those frequently exposed to water. Gel nail polish has become a very popular alternative to regular nail polish received during manicures. This popularity has allowed potential adverse effects to surface. We present a unique case of green nail syndrome in a healthy 50 year old healthy female after the removal of gel nail polish after a few weeks. The case raises awareness to potential complications and further consequences of gel manicures.
Valsts atvērtības starptautiskajos darījumos ar nekustamo īpašumu izvērtēšana
Authors:   , Viesturs Jānis
Published: August 2021

Promocijas darba mērķis ir novērtēt valsts atvērtību starptautiskajos darījumos ar nekustamo īpašumu, noteikt kritērijus, pēc kuriem tā nosakāma un rezultātā radīt metodiku, pēc kuras periodiski novērtējama valsts atvērtība starptautiskajos darījumos ar nekustamo īpašumu. Promocijas darba ievadā raksturota izvēlētās tēmas aktualitāte, izvirzīta pētījuma hipotēze, definēti darba mērķa sasniegšanai risinātie uzdevumi, pētījuma objekts un priekšmets, pētījuma metodikas pamatojums, pētījumu laika posms un darba ierobežojumi, kā arī raksturota pētījuma teorētiskā nozīme un zinātniskā novitāte, pētījuma rezultātu aprobācija un praktiskais lietojums. Promocijas darba pirmā daļa ietver starptautisko darījumu ar nekustamo īpašumu identifikācijas problemātiku un starptautisko darījumu un ārvalstnieku zemes īpašumtiesību ierobežojumu nozīmīgāko problēmu identifikāciju. Otrā daļa veltīta starptautisko darījumu ar nekustamo īpašumu ierobežojumu pamatojuma noteikšanai un valsts atvērtības starptautiskajos darījumos ar nekustamo īpašumu novērtēšanas kritēriju teorētiskajiem un praktiskajiem aspektiem. Trešajā daļā raksturots valsts atvērtības starptautiskajos darījumos ar nekustamo īpašumu novērtējuma metodikas risinājums un tā praktiskā izmantošana. Promocijas darba nobeigumā sniegti secinājumi un priekšlikumi.
The development of open banking based on the implementation of open API technologies
Authors: Rzaeva Valida Vasif kyzy , Mamedov Murad Azer ogly
Published: August 2021

The implementation of open API into the work of financial organizations allowed optimizing the processes of obtaining and exchanging the internal and external data. Increasing the value of services rendered is possible due to a number of technological solutions, including open API technology. The relevance of covering the topic of open banking based on implementation of the technology of open programming interfaces is substantiated by the growing impact of using API in the process of rendering services by financial institutions. The object of research in this paper is It is an open API and its development in the Russian and foreign markets. The subject of this research is the methods of regulation, development and integration open programming interfaces in the financial markets. For comprehensive analysis of the articulated problem, the author reviews the classification of the open API, key trends in the development and application of open banking, foreign and domestic experience in its regulation and implementation. The scientific novelty of this article lies in systematization and generalization of data on the use of open interfaces in the era of digital economy on the level of financial (banking) institutions, as well as in description of the current trends in development and implementation of open API. The conclusion is drawn that banks are being actively introduced to open banking society, therefore increasing the transparency and availability of the practice-oriented data; as well as provide more information on the particular examples of implementation of open interfaces and full potential of their use.
Constitutional and judicial argumentation and the transformation models of normative legal regulation
Authors: Chirninov Aldar Munkozhargalovich
Published: August 2021

This article examines the correlation between constitutional argumentation and the models of transformation of legal rules occurring under the influence of constitutional judgments. With references to the case law of the Russian Constitutional Court, the German Constitutional Court, and the United States Supreme Court, the author analyzes argumentative patterns that arise when dealing with specific options for legislative correction. This article focuses on such measures as striking down a legal provision, formulating an exception to a general rule, correcting the hypothesis, disposition, and sanction of a legal norm, clarifying the mechanisms of legal regulation in terms of time, territory, and persons affected, filling legislative gaps and providing additional safeguards. The article makes an original contribution to scholarship because it explores constitutional argumentation instrumentally. Having shown that argumentation serves a supplementary function to judicial review, the author identifies the argumentative patterns prevailing in constitutional discourse and analyzes the mechanism of constructing arguments. It is argued that constitutional reasoning reflects the critical assessment of lex lata and portrays its constitutional deficiencies with a simultaneous projection of normative models that meet constitutional requirements. The article concludes that constitutional argumentation aims to demonstrate constitutionally acceptable legislative decisions and explain why, how, and in what part a challenged law is to be amended.
Influence of entanglement on precision of parameter estimation in quantum weak measurement
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Dong , Yu Ya-Fei , Zhang Zhi-Ming ,   Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China,   Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Published: August 2021

An appropriate weak value can be used to amplify weak physical parameters and improve the precision of parameter estimation in the process of quantum weak measurement. The increase of the precision of such a parameter estimation may originate from the entanglement in the system. This paper uses Fisher information to study the influence of the entanglement in the system and the entanglement between the system and the pointer on the estimation precision of the coupling parameters between the system and the pointer in the process of weak measurement. The entanglement of the entangled pure state of the GHZ-like state and the entangled mixed state affected by the depolarization noise and the influence of the entanglement between the system and the pointer on the parameter estimation are analyzed. The results show that the Fisher information quantity increases with the increase of the initial state entanglement degree of the system when the initial state of the system is an entangled pure state or an entangled mixed state affected by depolarization noise, and both the Fisher information quantity and the post-selection probability reach their maximum values when the initial and final state of the system are both the maximum entangled states; but the weaker the entanglement between the system and the pointer, the more the Fisher information obtained in the measurement will be and the higher the accuracy of parameter estimation. These research results show that the entanglement in the system will improve the precision of parameter estimation, while the entanglement between the system and the pointer will reduce the precision of parameter estimation.
Photodetectors based on homojunctions of transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Shu Yan-Tao , Zhang You-Wei , Wang Shun ,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, National Precise Gravity Measurement Facility, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China,   Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
Published: August 2021

In recent years, two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (TMDCs) have been widely studied in the field of photodetection due to their excellent electronic and optical properties. Compared with the more reported field-effect transistor and heterojunction devices, homojunction devices have unique advantages in photodetection. This article focuses on the researches of photodetectors based on the homojunctions of TMDCs. First, the working principle of homojunction optoelectronic device is introduced. Then, the reported TMDCs based homojunctions are classified and summarized according to the adopted carrier modulation techniques. In addition, this article also specifically analyzes the transport process of photogenerated carriers in homojunction device, and explains why the lateral p-i-n homojunction exhibits fast photoresponse speed. Finally, the research progress of the TMDCs based homojunction photodetectors is summarized and the future development is also prospected.
Subharmonic resonance bifurcation and chaos of simple pendulum system with vertical excitation and horizontal constraint
Authors: Zhao Wu , Zhang Hong-Bin , Sun Chao-Fan , Huang Dan , Fan Jun-Kai ,   School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
Published: August 2021

In order to improve the working performance and optimize the working parameters of the typical engineering pendulum of a typical system that it is abstracted as a physical simple pendulum model with vertical excitation and horizontal constraint. The dynamical equation of the system with vertical excitation and horizontal constraint is established by using Lagrange equation. The multiple-scale method is used to analyze the subharmonic response characteristics of the system. The amplitude-frequency response equation and the phase-frequency response equation are obtained through calculation. The effects of the system parameters on the amplitude resonance bandwidth and variability are clarified. According to the singularity theory and the universal unfolding theory, the bifurcation topology structure of the subharmonic resonance of the system is obtained. The Melnikov function is applied to the study of the critical conditions for the chaotic motion of the system. The parameter equation of homoclinic orbit motion is obtained through calculation. The threshold conditions of chaos in the sense of Smale are analyzed by solving the Melnikov function of the homoclinic motion orbit. The dynamic characteristics of the system, including single-parameter bifurcation, maximum Lyapunov exponent, bi-parameter bifurcation, and manifold transition in the attraction basin, are analyzed numerically. The results show that the main path of the system entering into the chaos is an almost period doubling bifurcation. Complex dynamical behaviors such as periodic motion, period doubling bifurcation and chaos are found. The bi-parameter matching areas of the subharmonic resonance bifurcation and chaos of the system are clarified. The results reveal the global characteristics of the system with vertical excitation and horizontal constraint, such as subharmonic resonance bifurcation, periodic attractor multiplication, and the coexistence of periodic and chaotic attractors. The results further clarify the mechanism of the influence of system parameters change on the movement form transformation, energy distribution and evolution law of the system. The mechanism of the influence of relevant parameters on the performance of the engineering system with vertical excitation and horizontal constraint is also obtained. The results of this research provide theoretical bases for adjusting the parameters of working performances of this typical physical system in engineering domain and the vibration reduction and suppression of the system in actual working conditions.
Frequency-ratio-dependent ultrafast dynamics in nonsequential double ionization by co-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser fields
Authors: Zeng Xue , Su Jie , Huang Xue-Fei , Pang Hui-Ling , Huang Cheng ,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Published: August 2021

Using a three-dimensional classical ensemble model, we investigate ultrafast dynamics in nonsequential double-ionization (NSDI) of Ar atom by co-rotating two-color circularly polarized laser fields with the frequency ratio varying between 2 and 5. Numerical results indicate that the NSDI probability gradually increases with the frequency ratio between the two components increasing. The probability for the frequency ratio 5 is one order of magnitude higher than for the frequency ratio 2. Back analysis of NSDI trajectories shows that recollision occurs mainly via a short looping trajectory. With the frequency ratio increasing, the traveling time of the free electron shortens. Furthermore, the relative contribution of recollision-induced excitation with subsequent field ionization mechanism in NSDI gradually increases as the frequency ratio increases. It is attributed to smaller recollision energy and larger recollision distance for larger frequency ratio.
An average photon number measurement scheme based on balanced homodyne detection
Authors: Liu Jin-Lu , Yang Jie , Zhang Tao , Fan Fan , Huang Wei , Xu Bing-Jie ,   Science and Technology on Communication Security Laboratory, Institute of Southwestern Communication, Chengdu 610041, China
Published: August 2021

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has become an alternative technology defensing the security threat resulting from quantum computing. Owing to its superiority in coexistence with optical infrastructures and cost-effective, continuous variable QKD (CV-QKD) is widely studied and developed towards the practical application stage. The standardized measurement of critical parameters of the system should be studied urgently.

In this work we propose a scheme based on balanced homodyne detection with phase-randomized local oscillator to realize the average photon number measurement. By controlling local oscillator phase positively, which obeys \begin{document}$ [0,\mathrm{ }2\mathrm{\pi }] $\end{document} uniform distribution, a linear relationship between average photon numbers and the variance of detector output can be obtained in simulation and experiment. With high-accuracy (～0.1) photons/pulse and large range ～23 dB, this average photon number measurement scheme provides a great reference to evaluating the critical parameters of CV-QKD system in the practical process.
When size matters: the first comprehensive anatomical study of a species of “Condylocardiidae”, an extremely miniaturized bivalve
Authors: Passos Flávio Dias , Batistão Alan Rodrigo , Bieler Rüdiger
Published: August 2021

‘Miniaturization’ is a widespread phenomenon among the Metazoa. In the molluscan class Bivalvia, records of miniaturization are numerous. Among the Archiheterodonta, Warrana besnardi (Klappenbach, 1963) has attracted attention for its tiny size, which does not exceed 1.5 mm in shell length, and because it belongs to a group with limited anatomical information and often-debated status, the “Condylocardiidae” (which recent molecular studies place deeply nested within the family Carditidae). All species of Warrana Laseron, 1953 are small-bodied, and so miniaturization presumably occurred from a large-bodied ancestor within the Carditidae sensu lato. South American W. besnardi is here studied in detail. Its small size and the enlargement of the anterodorsal region during growth, reflects (and likely led) to infaunal habit, living as a burrowing bivalve that passively feeds on deposit particles entering the pallial cavity anteriorly. Mantle glands, previously reported as a common feature of other archiheterodonts, are missing in W. besnardi, but spongiform tissue in the antero-ventral portion of the mantle lobes presumably represents a blood sinus that might compensate for the great reduction of the ctenidia. Lecithotrophy is reported, with yolky oocytes bearing a thick non-cellular capsule layer; brooding was not observed, and it is here hypothesized that the extreme miniaturization, with the great reduction of ctenidia, is responsible for a shift in the reproductive mode of condylocardiids, contrasting with the commonly reported ovoviviparity of the carditids.
Production of Sunflower Oil in Response to Nitrogen Fertilization under Semiarid Conditions under Irrigation
Authors:   Federal Institute of Alagoas (IFAL), Evangelista de Souza Almir Rogerio , de Lima Tartaglia Francilene ,   Center for Agrarian Sciences – Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences (CAS-DAFS), Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró, Pereira dos Santos Allysson ,   Center for Agrarian Sciences – Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences (CAS-DAFS), Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró, Sarmento de Oliveira Fernando ,   Center for Agrarian Sciences – Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences (CAS-DAFS), Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró, Galdino dos Santos Manoel ,   Center for Agrarian Sciences – Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences (CAS-DAFS), Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró, Bezerra Neto Francisco ,   Center for Agrarian Sciences – Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences (CAS-DAFS), Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró, da Silveira Lindomar Maria ,   Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences (CAS-DAFS), Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró, RN, Barros Júnior Aurélio Paes ,   Center for Agrarian Sciences – Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences (CAS-DAFS), Federal Rural Semi-Arid University, Mossoró, RN
Published: August 2021

Sunflower is one of the most important oilseeds in the world, whose achenes are valued in several industrial chains, mainly for the extraction and processing of its oil. Although there is some information in the literature, the nitrogen (N) requirements for sunflower in semiarid conditions under irrigation are not yet clear. The experimental design used randomized blocks, with treatments in subdivided plots with four replications during two agricultural seasons. The N doses (e.g., 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) were assigned to the plots, and to the four sunflower cultivars used (e.g., Aguará 06, Altis 99, Multissol and BRS 122), which were planted in the subplots. The N doses for the maximum achene yields for the Multissol and BRS 122 cultivars were 81.8 and 86.6 kg ha-1, respectively, while N doses of 120 kg ha-1 produced the maximum achene yields for the Altis 99 and Aguará 06 cultivars in the 2016 crop season. In 2017, the Multissol and BRS 122 cultivars were given N doses of 100.7 and 92.8 kg ha-1, respectively, and the Altis 99 and Aguará 06 cultivars were each given an N dose of 120 kg ha-1 of N. The fertirrigated doses of maximum economic efficiency of N were 60 and 70 kg ha-1 for the Multissol and BRS 122 cultivars, respectively. For the oil yields, the maximum N doses of 78.0 and 86.7 kg ha-1 for the BRS 122 and Aguará 06 cultivars and for the Multissol and Altis 99 cultivars at an N dose of 120 kg ha-1 were used for the 2016 harvest. In 2017, the BRS 122 and Multissol cultivars received N doses of 88.6 and 99.1 kg ha-1, respectively, and the Altis 99 and Aguará 06 cultivars received N doses of 120 kg ha-1. The use of fertigation allowed greater efficiency for the N doses in the sunflower cultivars in the semiarid region.
Uredospore germination of Hemileia vastatrix and its inhibition by the effect of plant extracts in vitro
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxaca/Tecnológico Nacional de México, Morales-Antonio Miguel A. , Santiago-Martínez Gisela M. ,   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxaca/Tecnológico Nacional de México, Vásquez-López Alfonso ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico, Rodríguez-Ortiz Gerardo ,   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxaca/Tecnológico Nacional de México, Soto-Castro Delia ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico, Soto-Castro Delia ,   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxaca/Tecnológico Nacional de México, Lozano-Trejo Salvador ,   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxaca/Tecnológico Nacional de México, Castañeda-Hidalgo Ernesto ,   Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Oaxaca/Tecnológico Nacional de México Mexico
Published: August 2021

Coffee leaf rust, caused by Hemileia vastatrix, is the most important disease of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in Mexico. It causes production losses of up to 40% and leads to the use of considerable volumes of synthetic fungicides. The main goals of this research were to identify the temperature, pH, incubation time, and luminosity required for in vitro germination of H. vastatrix uredospores and to evaluate the effect of plant extracts on their germination. Uredospores from coffee plants (var. Caturra) grown in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, were collected and subjected to treatments consisting of combined levels of T°, pH, and incubation time. The treatments were evaluated in darkness and under low-intensity white light (15 W). Uredospore germination occurred in the absence and presence of light. The highest percentage of uredospore germination was 44.95%, which occurred at pH 5.7, between 18 and 24 °C, and with an incubation time of 24 h. The effect of 30 plant extracts was evaluated in terms of inhibition of uredospore germination. The acetone and ethanol extracts of Tribulus terrestris, Datura ferox, Mansoa alliacea, Ricinus communis, and Acacia farnesiana inhibited 100% of uredospore germination. Thus, plant extracts may contribute to the integrated disease management of coffee leaf rust.
Incorporated Sorghum Residues Reduce Emergence and Seedling Growth of Some Crops
Authors:   GWANDA STATE UNIVERSITY Zimbabwe, Tibugari Handsen , Chiduza Cornelius ,   University of Fort Hare South Africa, Bray Mashingaidze Arnold ,   Chinhoyi University of Technology Zimbabwe, Mabasa Stanford ,   Mabasa
Published: August 2021

Allelochemicals from sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] residues may inhibit the emergence and growth of other crops. We examined the effects of residues from two sorghum landraces, IS9456, a high sorgoleone producer, and IS22320, a zero sorgoleone producer. Residues were applied at 7.2 g, 14.4 g and 21.6 g kg-1 of soil. Emergence and the growth of maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] were tested in three glasshouse pot experiments at the University of Zimbabwe in 2017. The 2×3 factorial experiments were laid as a randomized complete block design with six replications. Residues from IS22320 significantly (P<0.05) reduced the emergence of maize by 22.2% compared to residues from IS9456. Sorghum variety as a source of residue did not significantly (P>0.05) reduce the emergence, height, chlorophyll content or dry weight of soybean. Increasing the residue rate significantly (P<0.05) reduced the percent emergence, height, chlorophyll content and dry weight of soybean. There was a significant sorghum variety × residue application rate interaction on the percent emergence (P<0.001) and chlorophyll content (P<0.05) of wheat. Increasing the IS9456 residue application rate from 7.2 to 14.4 g kg-1 soil increased the chlorophyll content of wheat. The timing of maize and wheat planting after sorghum residue incorporation may be critical.
In vitro propagation of Gaultheria pumila (L.f.) D.J. Middleton (Ericaceae), a Chilean native berry with commercial potential
Authors:   Carrera de Agronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Lodana-Manabí- Ecuador., Pico Mendoza José N , García -Gonzales Rolando ,   Research and Services Society, BioTECNOS (Talca), Quiroz Karla ,   Natural Resources Biotechnology Center, Department of Forest Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Chong Borys ,   Research and Services Society, BioTECNOS (Talca), Pino Hugo ,   Natural Resources Biotechnology Center, Department of Forest Sciences, Catholic University of Maule, Carrasco Basilio ,   Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP).
Published: August 2021

A micropropagation protocol for G. pumila was developed. Young shoots were collected during the growing season (October to December 2016) from a wild population in the Villarrica Volcano area in the Araucanía Region of Chile. Nodal segments were used for in vitro initiation after testing several disinfection treatments with different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite. Disinfected explants were placed onto 100% WPM basal medium (WPM100) supplemented with a range of concentrations of 2-iP (2-isopentenyladenine) to evaluate the best regeneration media during in vitro culture. Disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite for 40 minutes, followed by a second disinfection with 2% sodium hypochlorite for 25 minutes, and cultivation on MS basal medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 2-iP gave the highest efficiency of disinfected plants. In the propagation stage, the highest multiplication rates were obtained when 1 mg L-1 zeatin was added to the basal WPM100 medium. In vitro rooting and preacclimation were better when elongated plants were cultivated on WPM100 supplemented with 3 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid. This in vitro protocol could be used to propagate genotypes of this Chilean native species and is also an important tool toward its domestication and commercial use.
Чандлеровские биения, полюсный прилив и колебания уровня Мирового океана, "Природа"
Authors: Медведев И.П. , Рабинович А.Б. , Куликов Е.А.
Published: August 2021

Принято считать, что чандлеровские биения (свободные нутации оси вращения Земли) возбуждают в Мировом океане «полюсный прилив», т.е. колебания уровня моря с аналогичным периодом (Р). Максимальные амплитуды этих колебаний (5–6.5 см), наблюдаются в Северном и Балтийском морях, что в 6–8 раз больше теоретических значений. Для понимания природы данного явления мы использовали многолетние (>80 лет) ряды мареографных наблюдений, полученных на 100 станциях. Результаты анализа показали, что аномальные колебания уровня в этих морях имеют метеорологическое происхождение и связаны с соответствующими вариациями зонального ветра, а не с движениями полюса Земли. Их усиление в восточных частях Балтийского моря (в Финском и Ботническом заливах) и в юго-восточной части Северного моря, видимо, связано с мелководностью этих областей и с общей тенденцией к возрастанию уровня моря от «входа» к «стенке».
Learning Management System Usage among Undergraduates (Evidence from a Non-State University in Sri Lanka)
Authors: Jayarathna R. M. G. S.
Published: August 2021

Because the ultimate purpose of using a learning management system is to improve effective learning, the system's benefits cannot be realized if students use it infrequently. To determine the elements that affect student usage, education providers must first understand how students view technology and their concerns. As a result, educational institutions must identify the primary elements impacting students' use of LMS and why students decide to use or reject LMS when given the option. This study aims to determine the factors that influence the use of Learning Management Systems by undergraduates at a Sri Lankan non-state university. There are three theories about how people use E-learning. There are three of them: TRA, TPB, and TAM. Because TRA and TPB have some limitations, this study used TAM. This study was expanded based on earlier research to include the variables: Subjective Norms, Internet and Computer Experience, Self-Efficacy, Technical Support, and Anxiety. At the specified university, there are 2128 students. The researcher collected data from 141 students by using Stratified random sampling techniques. Then the data was entered into a SmartPLS3. All measurement criteria for the measurement model's reliability and validity were fulfilled, and the structural model has fulfilled the Goodness of Fit. The results show that                            Self-Efficacy and Anxiety have a significant negative impact on the Perceived Ease of Use. Perceived Ease of Use has a significant negative impact on the Perceived Usefulness                            Self-Efficacy and Technical Support have a significant positive impact on the Perceived Usefulness Subjective Norms, and Perceived Usefulness have a significant positive impact on Intention to Use.
Effect of Social Media Use on Academic Performance among University Students in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Saifur , Mithun Md. Nur Alom Sarkar
Published: August 2021

Around the world, social media sites are becoming a part of people's daily life. The students are also getting involved in these sites for several purposes. So, it is very important to understand the effect of social media on university students. In recent years, researchers around the world have taken this issue as a topic of great interest. Considering the social impact of this issue, the current research was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh. Data were collected from 200 students using the google forms questionnaire and the time of data collection was July-September, 2020. The findings of the study suggest that Facebook was the most used social media by the respondents, followed by YouTube. The majority of the students use social media for communication purposes and 46% of respondents were found to use these sites for 41-55 hours per week. The majority of them had moderate mood after using social media. In addition, the study also finds that students use social media to gather academic information, they consider this information as reliable. Respondents were also found to think that social media sites are saving their time as well as effort. Finally, the study identifies a negative relation between academic performance and time spent on social media. The findings of this paper may be utilized to provide practical strategies for improving students’ educational success through maintaining a balance between recreation, knowledge sharing, and academic performance. It is recommended for the students to utilize their time wisely and not making social media the only means of recreation.
Replenishment Model with Entropic Order Quantity for Deteriorating Items under Inflation
Authors: Tripathy P. K. , Bag Anima
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the current paper is to determine an optimal order quantity so as to minimize the total cost of the inventory system of a business enterprise. The model is developed for deteriorating items with stock and selling price dependent demand under inflation without permitting shortage. Optimal solution is achieved by cost minimization strategy considering replenishment cost, purchase cost, holding cost and deterioration cost with a special approach to entropy cost for bulk size purchasing units. The effectiveness of the proposed model has been avowed through empirical investigation. Sensitivity analysis has been accomplished to deduce managerial insights. Findings suggest that an increased inflationary effect results in increment in the system total cost. The paper can be extended by allowing shortage. The model can be utilized in the business firms dealing with bulk purchasing units of electric equipments, semiconductor devices, photographic films and many more.
The Effects of Single and Split NPK Fertilizer Application on Growth and Yield of Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Aluko M. , Olajide O. O. , Fadare A. F. Kehinde-
Published: August 2021

Inorganic fertilizer application and the quantity required by the crop for optimum production led agronomists to introduced varying measures in crop production. A study to investigate the effects of single and split NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer application on muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) production was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Ekiti State University. A 4 × 2 factorial experiment laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in three replicates with four varying rates (0, 167, 333 and 500 kg ha-1) of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer applications and two-mode of applications (single and split) serves as the treatments. Data collected include the number of leaves and branches, vine length, number of fruits, fruit length and width, fruit weight, fruit flesh thickness (fruit pulp width), number of seeds fruit-1 and seed weight. Collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and treatment means separated with Duncan Multiple Range Test at 5% level                            of probability. The split application at 333 kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer produced a significantly higher number of leaves (90), leaf area (109.58 cm2) and vine length (110.77 cm) at 10 WAS than other applied fertilizer rates. The split application of 500 kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer produced a higher fruit yield                    (12.64 t ha-1) than 12.09 t ha-1 from the single application which was not significantly different                  from the 333 kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer. The results indicated that the split application of NPK                 fertilizer is a better fertilizer application approach than a single application for muskmelon production.
Leaf Diseases Detection of Medicinal Plants Based on Support Vector Machine Classification Algorithm
Authors: Bose Payal , Dutta Shawni , Goyal Vishal , Bandyopadhyay Samir K.
Published: August 2021

On earth, plants play the most important part. Every organ of a plant plays a vital role in the ecological field as well as the medicinal field. But on the whole earth there are several species of plants are available. The different species of plants have different diseases. Therefore, it is required to identify the plants as well as their diseases correctly. It is difficult and also time consuming to identify the plants and their diseases manually. In this research an automatic disease detection system of plant is proposed. High-quality leaf images are used for training and testing. For detecting the healthy area and diseased area in a leaf, region-based and color-based region thresholding techniques are used. For feature selection Histogram Oriented Gradient (HOG) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) method were applied. Finally, for classification two-class and multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM) were used. It is found that both feature selection processes with SVM give 99% accuracy. An user oriented graphical user interface is created for understanding the automated system.
Deriving a Fire Occurrence Scenario Using Fire-Statistical Causation
Authors: Lee Suhaeng , Heo Dongpil , Min Sehong
Published: August 2021

According to the statistics obtained by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport in 2019, approximately 40% of the buildings in the nation are buildings aged 30 or more years after completion. The Framework Act on Firefighting Services does not apply to old buildings, and they fall into a blind spot of the fire safety performance system. A large fire in a multi-dense facility causes heavy social casualties. This study therefore aimed to establish the type of fire occurrence and fire source scenario of a building for securing fire safety performance. The current fire scenario derivation method, which was identified as a causation factor among other detailed statistical factors, was analyzed to allow for differentiation from the proposed method. The base data were analyzed to establish fire response and prevention and for developing a performance-based fire-fighting design scenario by deriving a fire occurrence scenario.