bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Loneliness among Chinese Migrants in Portugal
Authors: Neto Félix , Pinto Maria da Conceição
Published: April 2021

The goal of this research is to explore the acculturation and adaptation factors that are likely to predict the level of loneliness among Chinese migrants residing in Portugal. The sample is constituted by one hundred and eighty-nine participants (25 percent women and 75 percent men) with an average age of 29 years. The average length of sojourn was 8 years. We used the ULS-6 scale to assess loneliness. Other instruments were utilized to evaluate ethnic identity, perceived discrimination, mental health, sociocultural adaptation, and tolerance. In agreement with expectations, ethnic identity negatively predicted loneliness, and perceived discrimination positively predicted loneliness. Lastly, sociocultural adaptation and tolerance negatively predicted loneliness, and mental health problems positively predicted loneliness. The adaptation factors predicted 60 percent of the variance in loneliness. Implications of these findings for reducing migrants’ loneliness are considered.
Cryptic diversity across the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt of Mexico in the montane bunchgrass lizard Sceloporus subniger (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)
Authors: BRYSON, JR. ROBERT W. , GRUMMER JARED A. , CONNORS ELIZABETH M. , TIRPAK JOSEPH , MCCORMACK JOHN E. , KLICKA JOHN
Published: April 2021

Sceloporus subniger Poglaygen & Smith is a montane bunchgrass lizard distributed across pine-oak forests of central Mexico. Prompted by the discovery of a new population of this lizard in far western Mexico, and by recent studies suggesting S. subniger may be a composite of several distinct species, we examined in more detail the genetic structure of S. subniger. We generated a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) dataset from 81 specimens and an ultraconserved elements (UCE) dataset representing thousands of genomic regions from 12 specimens to specifically evaluate the genetic distinctiveness of populations from western Michoacán and adjacent Jalisco along with the newly discovered population in the Sierra de Mascota in western Jalisco. We also recorded morphological data from 47 museum specimens to compare to our genetic data. Results from our analyses of the genetic data, augmented by specimen measurements and scale counts, support the notion that S. subniger is indeed a composite of distinct species. Montane bunchgrass lizards from western Michoacán and adjacent Jalisco, and from the Sierra de Mascota in western Jalisco, each represent distinct new species, which we describe and name here.
Review of Aderidae Csiki, 1909 (Insecta: Coleoptera) of Cabo Verde
Authors: TELNOV DMITRY , GOMPEL NICOLAS
Published: April 2021

The Aderidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of Cabo Verde (or Cape Verde in English transcription) Archipelago in the Central Atlantic Ocean is revised based on an examination of types and additional material. Four species are confirmed for the archipelago, three of the genus Cobososia Collado et Alonso-Zarazaga, 1996 and one of the genus Aderus Stephens, 1829. We also propose to transfer Anthicus reductus Wollaston, 1867 (Anthicidae: Anthicinae: Anthicini) to the genus Cobososia (Aderidae), as Cobososia reducta (Wollaston, 1867) comb. nov. and demonstrate, that Cobososia angulithorax (Desbrochers des Loges, 1881) is conspecific with Cobososia reducta (Wollaston, 1867) syn. nov. Finally, we present new records and an illustrated identification key to the ant-like leaf beetles of Cabo Verde.
Assessment of the Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) for Snowfall Retrieval in High Latitudes Using CloudSat and Machine Learning
Authors: Ehsani Mohammad Reza , Behrangi Ali , Adhikari Abishek , Song Yang , Huffman George J. , Adler Robert F. , Bolvin David T. , Nelkin Eric J.
Published: April 2021

Precipitation retrieval is a challenging topic, especially in high latitudes (HL), and current precipitation products face ample challenges over these regions. This study investigates the potential of the Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) for snowfall retrieval in HL using CloudSat radar information and machine learning (ML). With all the known limitations, AVHRR observations should be considered for HL snowfall retrieval because (1) AVHRR data have been continuously collected for about four decades on multiple platforms with global coverage, and similar observations will likely continue in the future; (2) current passive microwave satellite precipitation products have several issues over snow and ice surfaces; and (3) good coincident observations between AVHRR and CloudSat are available for training ML algorithms. Using ML, snowfall rate was retrieved from AVHRR’s brightness temperature and cloud probability, as well as auxiliary information provided by numerical reanalysis. The results indicate that the ML-based retrieval algorithm is capable of detection and estimation of snowfall with comparable or better statistical scores than those obtained from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and two passive microwave sensors contributing to the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission constellation. The outcomes also suggest that AVHRR-based snowfall retrievals are spatially and temporally reasonable and can be considered as a quantitatively useful input to the merged precipitation products that require frequent sampling or long-term records.
Differential Correlations among Allergy Tests According to Indoor Allergens in Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Nam Jae-Sung , Ahn Sang Hyeon , Ha Jong-Gyun , Park Jeong-Jin , Noh Hae Eun , Yoon Joo-Heon , Kim Chang-Hoon , Cho Hyung-Ju
Published: April 2021

Objectives:

Several allergy tests are used for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis; however, few studies have reported a direct comparison of the skin prick test (SPT), multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST), and ImmunoCAP according to specific allergens. This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between each test and allergic rhinitis symptoms and to evaluate the correlations of the MAST and ImmunoCAP with the SPT for representative indoor allergens in Korea.

Methods:

Electronic medical charts were retrospectively reviewed, and 698 patients with allergic rhinitis who had performed SPT, MAST, and ImmunoCAP were enrolled. Correlations between each allergy test for 4 representative indoor allergens and the symptoms of allergic rhinitis were analyzed. Agreements of the MAST and ImmunoCAP with the SPT were compared according to each allergen.

Results:

The SPT showed higher correlations with allergic rhinitis symptoms for 4 indoor allergens ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, cat, and dog allergens) than the MAST or ImmunoCAP. In comparison between the MAST and SPT, the least correlation was observed for the dog allergen, whereas between the ImmunoCAP and SPT, the least correlation was observed for the cat allergen. The correlation between the ImmunoCAP and SPT was higher than that between the MAST and SPT for the dog allergen, whereas no significant differences were noted for other allergens.

Conclusions:

Overall, the SPT showed a higher correlation with allergic rhinitis symptoms than the MAST or ImmunoCAP for 4 indoor allergens. ImmunoCAP showed similar reactivity to MAST; however, it showed better positivity with dog allergen in patients who were reactive to the allergen in the SPT. Care should be taken while evaluating dog allergen sensitization using the MAST.
Virtual Reality in New Product Development: Insights from Prelaunch Sales Forecasting for Durables
Authors: Harz Nathalie , Hohenberg Sebastian , Homburg Christian
Published: April 2021

This investigation examines how consumer durable goods producers can leverage virtual reality for new product development. First, the authors develop a prelaunch sales forecasting approach with two key features: virtual reality and an extended macro-flow model. To assess its effectiveness, the authors collect data from 631 potential buyers of two real-world innovations. The results reveal that the new approach yields highly accurate prelaunch forecasts across the two field studies: compared with the actual sales data tracked after the product launches, the prediction errors for the aggregated first-year sales are only 1.9% (Study 1a, original prelaunch sales forecast), .0% (Study 1b, forecast with actual advertisement spending), and 20.0% (Study 1b, original prelaunch forecast). Moreover, the average mean absolute percentage error for the monthly sales is only 23% across both studies. Second, to understand the mechanisms of virtual reality, the authors conduct a controlled laboratory experiment. The findings reveal that virtual reality fosters behavioral consistency between participants’ information search, preferences, and buying behavior. Moreover, virtual reality enhances participants’ perceptions related to presence and vividness, but not their perceptions related to alternative theoretical perspectives. Finally, the authors provide recommendations for when and how managers can use virtual reality in new product development.
Conscientious Objection, Not Refusal: The Power of a Word
Authors: Jones-Nosacek Cynthia
Published: April 2021

Conscientious objection (CO) in medicine grew out of the need to protect healthcare providers who objected to performing abortions after the Roe v. Wade decision in the 1970s which has since over time expanded to include sterilization, contraception, in vitro fertilization, stem cell research, and end-of-life issues. Since 2006, there has been a growing amount of published literature arguing for the denial of CO. Over the last three years, there has also been an increase in calling this conscientious refusal. This article will argue that the term conscientious objection is more accurate than conscientious refusal because those who object are not refusing to provide care. CO also emphasizes that there are reasoned arguments behind one’s decision not to perform certain actions because of one’s own principles and values.

How something is presented matters. Objection emphasizes the thought behind the action while refusal gives the impression that medical care is not given.
Global Religious Infrastructures: The Australian Megachurch Hillsong in Brazil
Authors: Rocha Cristina
Published: April 2021

This article explores the infrastructures that allow the Australian Pentecostal megachurch Hillsong to expand into Brazil. Hillsong is a global religious phenomenon: it has branches in global cities, celebrities among its followers, and an award-winning worship band. Drawing on five years of multi-sited ethnography in Australia and Brazil, I analyse significant infrastructures – smart church buildings, hip soundscapes, and digital media – that enabled Hillsong to establish itself in Brazil. I show that such technologies comprise an architecture through which Hillsong’s ‘Cool Christianity’ circulates. I argue that these infrastructures communicate success, excitement, modernity, and cosmopolitanism to young middle-class Brazilians who aspire to break with the local conservative Pentecostalism that caters for the poor. Here, I call for a focus on human and nonhuman actors and infrastructures that move religion across borders, and a special attention to how imagination and power differentials shape mobility and immobility.
Haïtiens à Manaus et à Porto Velho : processus d’insertion religieuse et possibles impacts sur le champ protestant local
Authors: Da Silva Sidney Antonio , Cotinguiba Geraldo Castro , Cotinguiba Marilia Pimentel
Published: April 2021

This article aims to discuss the processes of religious insertion of Haitians in Manaus (AM) and Porto Velho (RO), and their impacts on the local Protestant field. We start from the hypothesis that religion plays a leading role in negotiating with the local religious field in search of less subordinated forms of cultural and religious insertions in order to establish a more balanced field of power relations. We used both quantitative and qualitative data collected between 2014 and 2015 and between 2019 and 2020, participant observation and open interviews with leaders and members of the surveyed evangelical churches.
Social closure and the reproduction of stratified international order
Authors: Naylor Tristen
Published: April 2021

This article investigates how the means by which actors compete for position in the management of international society stratifies international order. Advancing scholarship on hierarchies, it applies a theory of social closure to examine two status groups, The Family of Civilised Nations and the G20, arguing that stratification is reproduced by a dynamic interplay of top-down collectivist exclusion on the part of superiorly positioned actors and bottom-up mimicry performed by those inferiorly positioned. As such, the same means of closure which used the Standard of Civilisation to exclude outsiders from the Family of Civilised Nations in the past stratifies non-state actors today, particularly international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) seeking to play a role in-the G20. This article offers amendments to closure theory in International Relations (IR), demonstrating its utility for analysing contemporary international politics, engaging in trans-historical analysis, and in incorporating non-state actors into enquiry.
Fixed time steps discrete-time sliding mode consensus protocols for two degree of freedom helicopter systems
Authors: Patel Keyurkumar , Mehta Axaykumar
Published: April 2021

This paper presents analysis of number of steps required for the consensus in a leader-following discrete multi-agent system (DMAS) with discrete-time sliding mode protocols designed by Gao’s reaching law and power rate reaching laws. The DMAS is configured for communication with a fixed, undirected graph topology having one leader and other agents as followers. The sufficient condition for global stability is established using the Lyapunov function in both the cases. The efficacy of both the protocols is compared in simulation for number of steps required for the consensus of a homogeneous multiple two degree of freedom helicopter systems where the pitch angle and its velocity and yaw angle and its velocity are used for consensus. The simulation results reveal that the consensus performance due to protocol with power rate reaching law outperforms the protocol with Gao’s reaching law.
Disturbance estimator-based switching function for discrete-time sliding mode control systems with control saturation
Authors: Ma Haifeng , Xiong Zhenhua , Li Yangmin , Liu Zhanqiang
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a new disturbance estimator-based switching function (SF) is presented dedicated to discrete-time sliding mode control (DSMC) systems with disturbances and control saturation (CS). This SF is featured by an ( n+1)th-order disturbance estimator, which utilizes n+1 past disturbance terms to attain accurate disturbance rejection. Moreover, an auxiliary state is integrated into the SF to address the CS problem. One uniqueness of the developed method is that it is capable of achieving the ideal quasi-sliding mode and produces a zero-convergence error of the SF under the influence of disturbances and CS, which is rarely realized in DSMC methods. In addition, system states dynamics is rigorously analysed adopting the Lyapunov technique. The feasibility and virtue of the designed results are verified by a numerical example.
Hybrid adaptive observer-based output feedback predictive control for the alternating activated sludge process
Authors: Boudagga Afef , Dimassi Habib , Hadj Said Salim , M’Sahli Faouzi
Published: April 2021

In this paper, an adaptive observer-based predictive controller is designed for the alternating activated sludge process which represents a nonlinear hybrid system. Precisely, our objective is to control the dissolved oxygen concentration during the aerobic phase. First, a hybrid adaptive observer is designed to estimate conjointly the unmeasured state (the ammonia concentration) and the unknown parameter (the coefficient of performance of heterotrophic biomass). Then the estimated signals are used in the output feedback predictive control law. The convergence of the state estimation, parameter reconstruction and tracking control errors are established through a Lyapunov stability analysis. Numerical simulations are dedicated to highlight the good performances of the developed output feedback control approach.
Addressing Emotional Issues in an Adolescent with Vitiligo and Early Child Sexual Abuse—Therapeutic Challenges
Authors: Manohar Harshini , Madegowda Rajendra Kiragasur , Seshadri Shekhar P.
Published: April 2021

Chronic medical conditions in children and adolescents have a significant impact on development and quality of life. Children with vitiligo experience depression, anxiety and guilt, body image concerns, and conflicts of acceptance–rejection among peers. Understanding issues of relevance through a developmental perspective is pivotal. Here, we report the experiences of working with an adolescent who presented with depressive symptoms, mood dysregulation, and self-harm, in the background of vitiligo and child sexual abuse. We describe the unique therapeutic challenges, focusing on the interplay between depressive psychopathology, childhood trauma, and normative adolescent development. Therapeutic strategies for patient-centered psychological interventions are discussed. The therapy processes focused on a narrative approach, with the active involvement of the family.
Revision endoscopic frontal sinus surgery for refractory chronic rhinosinusitis via modified agger nasi approach
Authors: Dai Jun , Huai De , Xu Min , Cai Jingjing , Wang Haixu
Published: April 2021

Objective

To examine the clinical effects of revision endoscopic frontal sinus surgery (RESS) through modified agger nasi (MAN)–middle turbinate resection on refractory chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Methods

We reviewed 156 patients who were treated for refractory CRS from February 2012 to August 2014. These patients had been diagnosed with refractory CRS by computed tomography and endoscopy and had received several surgical and medical treatments in the past, but their condition had not been cured. They were divided into the observation group (RESS through MAN–middle turbinate resection, n = 78) and the control group (endoscopic sinus surgery, n = 78). Complete or partial control of the patient’s symptoms and signs suggested that the treatment was effective, and no improvement in the symptoms and signs indicated that the treatment was ineffective.

Results

The 6-month treatment efficacy rate was significantly higher in the observation group (91.03%) than in the control group (71.79%). The observation group had a significantly lower complication rate (7.69%) and recurrence rate (3.85%) than the control group (17.95% and 12.82%, respectively).

Conclusion

RESS through MAN–middle turbinate resection together with adequate perioperative preparation has a significant effect on the outcome of refractory CRS and is worthy of clinical promotion.
Rhombencephalitis due to Listeria monocytogenes infection with GQ1b antibody positivity and multiple intracranial hemorrhage: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhao Yingying , Xu Chunling , Tuo Houzhen , Liu Ye , Wang Jiali
Published: April 2021

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterium that causes central nervous system infection. We report a case of rhombencephalitis caused by L. monocytogenes infection, which mimicked Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis, and GQ1b antibody positivity and multiple intracranial foci were observed. A 68-year-old male patient presented with a nonspecific prodrome of faintness, forehead tightness, and walking instability. This was followed by progressive cranial nerve palsies, limb weakness, cerebellar signs, hyperpyrexia, and impaired consciousness. Brain imaging showed multiple abnormal brainstem and cerebellar signals that were accompanied by blood infiltration without any lesion enhancement. Serum GQ1b antibody positivity led to an initial diagnosis of Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis, which was treated with immunosuppressive therapy with limited efficacy. A pathogen examination helped confirm L. monocytogenes infection. A combination of meropenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy was applied and the patient recovered without sequelae. The symptoms and imaging of Listeria rhombencephalitis are nonspecific. Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment of this condition are essential. Whether Listeria infection triggers an autoimmune response remains unclear.
Stereotypically gay- and straight-sounding auditory cues change adolescent music students’ perceptions of men’s teaching effectiveness
Authors: Taylor Donald M , Raadt Jay S
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a stereotypically gay-sounding voice on middle- and high-schooler’s perceptions of teaching effectiveness. Participants ( N = 273) listened to two men with stereotypically gay and straight voices, respectively, reading a short paragraph. Afterwards, they rated the likelihood of each speaker’s ability to demonstrate top skills and behaviors associated with effective music teaching and also predicted whether each man would be a band director, choir director, string orchestra director, or elementary general music teacher. The results from measurement invariance analysis show that participants rated the gay voice higher on measures of maintaining high musical standards and organization, whereas they rated the straight-sounding speaker higher on measures of leadership. The results from a multinomial logistic regression show that listeners predicted that the gay-sounding speaker would most likely be an elementary general music teacher and that the straight-sounding speaker would be a band director. The differences between these findings and prior research, nuance of leadership versus classroom management, and the need for further research on stereotypical voices are discussed.
Social geography I: Time and temporality
Authors: Ho Elaine Lynn-Ee
Published: April 2021

Time and temporality have gained renewed attention in the social sciences. This report examines such research in social geography, contextualising these developments in earlier geographical scholarship. It excavates the contemporary ways in which time and temporality’s relationship with space is conceptualised to analyse social relations, social inequalities and social justice. The report discusses three domains: intimate space-times, life stage and life-course; migration, mobility and social inequalities; and human–nature relations in the past, present and future. The report argues that the temporal framings and strategies of how people engage with unequal socio-spatial relations are core to the enduring concerns of social geographers.
Intratendinous Strain Variations of the Supraspinatus Tendon Depending on Repair Technique: A Biomechanical Analysis Regarding the Cause of Medial Cuff Failure
Authors: Hackl Michael , Nacov Julia , Kammerlohr Sandra , Staat Manfred , Buess Eduard , Leschinger Tim , Müller Lars P. , Wegmann Kilian
Published: April 2021

Background:

Double-row (DR) and transosseous-equivalent (TOE) techniques for rotator cuff repair offer more stability and promote better tendon healing compared with single-row (SR) repairs and are preferred by many surgeons. However, they can lead to more disastrous retear patterns with failure at the medial anchor row or the musculotendinous junction. The biomechanics of medial cuff failure have not been thoroughly investigated thus far.

Purpose:

To investigate the intratendinous strain distribution within the supraspinatus tendon depending on repair technique.

Study Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Methods:

Twelve fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were used. The intratendinous strain within the supraspinatus tendon was analyzed in 2 regions—(1) at the footprint at the greater tuberosity and (2) medial to the footprint up to the musculotendinous junction—using a high-resolution 3-dimensional camera system. Testing was performed at submaximal loads of 40 N, 60 N, and 80 N for intact tendons, after SR repair, after DR repair, and after TOE repair.

Results:

The tendon strain of the SR group differed significantly in both regions from that of the intact tendons and the TOE group at 40 N ( P≤ .043) and from the intact tendons, the DR group, and the TOE group at 60 N and 80 N ( P≤ .048). SR repairs showed more tendon elongation at the footprint and less elongation medial to the footprint. DR and TOE repairs did not provide significant differences in tendon strain when compared with the intact tendons. However, the increase in tendon strain medial to the footprint from 40 N to 80 N was significantly more pronounced in the DR and TOE group ( P≤ .029).

Conclusion:

While DR and TOE repair techniques more closely reproduced the strains of the supraspinatus tendon than did SR repair in a cadaveric model, they showed a significantly increased tendon strain at the musculotendinous junction with higher loads in comparison with the intact tendon.

Clinical Relevance:

DR and TOE rotator cuff reconstructions lead to a more anatomic tendon repair. However, their use has to be carefully evaluated whenever tendon quality is diminished, as they lead to a more drastic increase in tendon strain medial to the footprint, putting these repairs at risk of medial cuff failure.
Characteristics and Prevalence of Lifetime Sexual Victimization Among a Sample of Men and Women with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Codina Marta , Pereda Noemí
Published: April 2021

This study examines the prevalence and characteristics of sexual victimization experiences suffered by people with intellectual disabilities (ID). The sample consisted of 260 adults with an ID diagnosis (154 men and 106 women), ranging in age from 20 to 71 years (M = 41.69, SD = 12.05). The results showed that 35% of the sample had been sexually victimized at some point in their life. Being a woman, being declared legally incapable, and having comorbid mental health diagnoses were the most relevant characteristics of sexual victims with ID. Fondling was the most reported victimization, and rape showed the greatest gender differences, with a higher risk for women with ID of being raped compared to their male counterparts (odds ratio = 4.28, p < .05). The offender was generally a known male adult, and the percentage of incidents reported to the authorities was very low (7.4%). The psychological consequences of abuse were general distress, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology. Intervention and prevention programs targeting this population, as well as the training of professionals and caregivers, are essential to deal with sexual victimization and to protect and ensure the quality of life of people with ID.
Cancellations, observations, inspirations: 125 years of the Swiss National Library: An anniversary in the time of Corona
Authors: Mangold Hannes
Published: April 2021

Two days after the Swiss National Library’s anniversary exhibition opened, it was forced to close down again because of the coronavirus. Thereafter, the focus switched to communicating content prepared for the exhibition via the National Library’s own website and other external websites. Meanwhile, the book 125 Years of the Swiss National Library proved ideally suited to continuing the anniversary celebrations despite the omnipresent virus.
Education as the Medium of Upward Mobility: The Case of Dooms of Jammu
Authors: Jasrotia Amithy , Srivastava Smriti
Published: April 2021

The current study explores the multifaceted and entwined structure of constraints and spaces of the possibilities of moving ahead among the Dooms of Jammu, India, where the possibilities of upward mobility through education as a means have been observed. Interviews and detailed case study were done with eight cases. Four overlapping super-ordinate themes developed during the course of study: (a) challenges of different generation learners, (b) lack of different forms of capital, (c) dis-identification from own and emulating others and (d) mushrooming of hybrid and mimic generation. The participants experienced the very process of change and continuity through education in their lives. It is observed that education helped in converting the morphology of their existing structure. Each of the interviewee has some exclusive experiences to share, offering significant insights into their lives, struggles and their conditions. The results indicate that the first-generation learners have to face many obstacles. The study concludes that education gives better results under certain circumstances. The chances of low caste children performing better are higher if the educational institutions run with mixed batches with students belonging to all the sections of the society.
Coming Together in the Fight Against Intimate Partner Violence: Lessons Learned From a Researcher–Practitioner Collaboration Evaluating Cincinnati’s Domestic Violence Enhanced Response Team (DVERT)
Authors: Wojcik Michelle L. T. , Rubenstein Batya Y. , Petkus Amber A. , Racadio Maria , Anderson Valerie R. , Fisher Bonnie S. , Wilcox Pamela , Bleser Amy
Published: April 2021

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an insidious public health concern that affects people of all demographic backgrounds. In the city of Cincinnati, Ohio there has been a significant increase in IPV-related homicides over the past 5 years. Women Helping Women (WHW), a nonprofit organization that works to prevent gender-based violence, collaborated with Cincinnati Police Department (CPD) to create the Domestic Violence Enhanced Response Team (DVERT). Researchers from the University of Cincinnati School of Criminal Justice were invited to work with WHW to evaluate the program. This article discusses the history of the DVERT program and collaboration, obstacles that ensued, lessons learned, and successes of the relationship between the researchers, WHW, and CPD. Implications for other researchers and practitioners looking to form partnerships are discussed.
Non-discursive philosophy by imagining new practices through design
Authors: Hummels Caroline , van der Zwan Sander , Smith Maarten , Bruineberg Jelle
Published: April 2021

In this commentary on Rietveld’s inaugural lecture, we exemplify with one of our design cases for project Expedition RWS 2050, how Rietveld’s and our method are complementary. Within this project, RWS invited us to contribute our design skills and make relevant future scenarios experienceable. To scaffold imaginative discussions about everyday life in 2050 with a cross-section of the Dutch population, we wrote seven short speculative stories and designed a set of physical discussion tools. When looking at this design case and the cases Rietveld describes in his inaugural lecture, one can see that we both are guided by and contributing to the development of ecological and enactive philosophy, which rejects the dichotomy between sensorimotor and higher cognition. In his approach, Rietveld pushes the boundaries of the affordances of the material during the making process, whereas we predominantly investigate the affordances of the things and practices which we have designed. Despite these differences, we are both pursuing engagement with philosophical practice through non-discursive means while imagining new sociomaterial practices.
Postoperative Hallux Varus Treatment by Reverse Scarf Osteotomy
Authors: Piat Christophe , Raboudi Taieb , Cazeau Cyrille , Stiglitz Yves
Published: April 2021

Background:

Postoperative hallux varus is often accompanied by an abnormal decrease in the first-second (M1M2) intermetatarsal angle, which we have sought to correct by a reverse scarf-type osteotomy.

Methods:

A series of 36 hallux varus operated on by reverse scarf osteotomy, including 14 with prior osteotomies, was reviewed with an average follow-up of 56 months. The measurements were clinical: American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, subjective satisfaction index, joint mobility, and radiologic angles: M1M2 and first metatarsophalangeal angle.

Results:

The M1M2 angle increased on average from 3 to 8 degrees whereas the average M1P1 angle of varus went from −21 to +9 degrees, including 2 patients who had a reoccurring valgus of 20 degrees. The median AOFAS score increased from 47 to 79, the VAS from 6.7 to 2.3, joint mobility lost an average of 9 degrees, and all those operated on were satisfied with the result. All operated bones healed without secondary displacement.

Discussion:

The reverse scarf osteotomy is capable of correcting the intermetatarsal angle and at the same time correcting the postoperative hallux varus. Functional scores generally improved, including in patients with a reoccurring valgus and those with reduced mobility.

Conclusion:

The reverse scarf osteotomy can be performed to treat postoperative hallux varus with a mild intermetatarsal angle with reasonable clinical and radiologic results.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Ischemic Stroke in the Young
Authors: Berkman Samuel A. , Song Shlee S.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this article is to address several challenging questions in the management of young patients (those age 60 and under) who present with ischemic stroke. Do genetic thrombophilic states, strongly associated with venous thrombosis, independently cause arterial events in adults? Should cases of patent foramen ovale be closed with mechanical devices in patients with cryptogenic stroke? What are the optimal treatments for cerebral vein thrombosis, carotid artery dissection, and antiphospholipid syndrome and are DOACs acceptable treatment for these indications? What is the mechanism underlying large vessel stroke in patients with COVID-19? This is a narrative review. We searched PubMed and Embase and American College of physicians Journal club database for English language articles since 2000 looking mainly at randomized clinical trials, Meta analyses, Cochran reviews as well as some research articles viewed to be cutting edge regarding anticoagulation and cerebrovascular disease. Searches were done entering cerebral vein thrombosis, carotid dissection, anticoagulation therapy and stroke, antiphospholipid antibody and stroke, stroke in young adults, cryptogenic stroke and anticoagulation, patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke, COVID-19 and stroke.
Portuguese Consensus and Recommendations for Acquired Coagulopathic Bleeding Management (CCBM)
Authors: Gomes Manuela , Rodrigues Anabela , Carrilho Alexandre , Aguiar José , Gonçalves Luciana , Fernandez-Llimos Fernando , Duarte-Ramos Filipa , Rodrigues Joana
Published: April 2021

We aimed to determine how Portuguese physicians handle major bleeding. We also aim to establish global diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations to be followed in clinical practice by using a step-wise approach of evidence generation. This study followed a three-step process: a steering committee desk review, a Delphi technique, an expert panel meeting. A modified 3-round Delphi including 31 statements was performed. Questions were answered in a five-point Likert-type scale. Consensus threshold was established as a percentage of agreement among participants ≥90% in the first round, and ≥85% in the second and third rounds. The level of consensus achieved by panelists was discussed with the scientific committee (January-2020). Fifty-one physicians participated in the study (compliance rate >90%). Analyzing the three rounds, consensus was reached on 20 items (64.5%) in the first, 4/11 items (36.4%) in the second and 6/7 items (85.7%) in the third. One statement about administration of clotting factor concentrates for bleeding control did not reach consensus. A high level of consensus was reached toward the need for implementing Patient Blood Management strategies in Portuguese hospitals, reduce exposure to allogeneic blood components, to use goal directed therapies for acquired bleeding management, and the need for evaluating blood transfusion indirect costs. A final version with 12 recommendations was built, according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Our results provide critically appraised and updated evidence on bleeding coagulopathies management in Portugal. Additional studies, mainly about indirect costs of blood transfusion, are needed.
The Relationship of the Type of Intracerebral Hemorrhage to Early Disease Evolution and Long-Term Prognosis After r-tPA Thrombolysis
Authors: Yang Ting , Jing Hongfei , Cao Yungang , Lin Xianda , Yan Jueyue , Xiao Meijuan , Huang Xiaoyan , Cheng Zicheng , Han Zhao
Published: April 2021

To investigate the relationship of different subtypes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) to early disease evolution and long-term prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(r-tPA). Seventy ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous r-tPA who underwent computed tomography (CT) within 24 hours after thrombolysis were divided into 4 types (hemorrhagic infarction type 1 [HI-1], HI-2, parenchymal hemorrhage type 1 [PH-1], or PH-2 which according to the size of the hematoma and the presence or absence of space-occupying effect). Early evolution of the disease was observed by the change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score within 24 hours after thrombolysis. The long-term prognosis was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at the third month. There were 17 (24.3%) patients with ICH. Compared with patients in the non-ICH group, HI did not affect early neurological function or clinical outcome at the third month. PH-1 did not increase the risk of early neurological deterioration; however, PH-1 has a tendency to increase the risk of death at the third month (50% vs 11.3%, P = 0.090). PH-2 was significantly related to early neurological deterioration (66.7% vs 3.8%, P < 0.001) and mortality at the third month (50.0% vs 11.3%, P = 0.040). Patients with different subtypes of ICH after thrombolysis have different clinical outcomes. PH-2 is significantly associated with early neurological deterioration and increases mortality at the third month.
A note on viscoelastic bodies whose material properties depend on the density
Authors: Rajagopal KR , Wineman A
Published: April 2021

In this note, we study the response of a viscoelastic body whose stress relaxation modulus and creep compliance depend on the density of the body in such a manner that the stress and strain appear linearly in the constitutive equation. Such models would be useful to study the response of porous viscoelastic bodies undergoing small deformations, as the moduli depend on the porosity, and hence the density. We study the problem of tension–torsion of cylinders of arbitrary cross-section within the context of this constitutive relation.
Distinctive Clinicopathologic Features of Monomorphic B-cell Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders in Children
Authors: Zhang Yanmin , Mariani Rachel , Gong Michelle , Kirschmann Dawn , Caparelli Edward , Wallace Nneka , Turner Rebekah , Lu Xinyan , Gao Juehua , Yap Kai Lee , Gong Shunyou
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive or negative lymphoid or plasmacytic lesions in solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant recipients. Although PTLDs in adults have been extensively studied, the clinicopathologic features of monomorphic B-cell PTLD in children, particularly EBV-negative forms, are still poorly understood.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all our pediatric cases of monomorphic B-cell PTLDs diagnosed in the past 10 years. Clinical data were reviewed. Pathologic data including histologic types and EBV status were analyzed. Additional immunohistochemical stains, FISH studies, and TP53 gene mutational status were performed.

Results

4 of 18 cases were EBV-negative. All 4 EBV-negative cases were strikingly confined to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or abdominal lymph nodes, while tumors in EBV-positive cases were found at various anatomic sites; 2 of 4 EBV-negative cases carried mutations in TP53 gene. Our cohort also included 2 rare types of PTLD, one plasmablastic lymphoma and one high-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (HGBL, NOS).

Conclusion

We report that monomorphic B-cell PTLDs in children have distinctive clinical and pathological features. More studies are needed to clarify whether and how much these pediatric PTLDs differ from their adult counterparts.
Search for Genetic Predictors of Adult Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome in Monozygotic Twins
Authors: Yukina Marina Yuryevna , Larina Anna Aleksandrovna , Vasilyev Evgeny Vitalyevich , Troshina Ekaterina Anatolyevna , Dimitrova Diana Arshaluysovna
Published: April 2021

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes (APS) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the presence of autoimmune dysfunction of 2 or more endocrine glands and other non-endocrine organs. The components of the syndrome can manifest throughout life: in childhood—APS type 1 (the juvenile type) and in adulthood—APS type 2, 3, and 4 (the adult types). Adult types of APS are more common in clinical practice. It is a polygenic disease associated with abnormalities in genes encoding key regulatory proteins of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The search of for candidate genes responsible for mutations in adult APS is continuing. Genetic predisposition is insufficient for the manifestation of the APS of adults, since the penetrance of the disease, even among monozygotic twins, does not approach 100% (30–70%). The article presents the case of isolated Addison’s disease and APS type 2 in monozygotic twins with a revealed compound heterozygosity in the candidate gene VTCN1.
Utilising multi-large omics data to elucidate biological mechanisms within multiple sclerosis genetic susceptibility loci
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Cuellar-Partida Gabriel , Simpson Yap Steve , Lin Xin , Claflin Suzi , Burdon Kathryn , Charlesworth Jac , Taylor Bruce
Published: April 2021

Background:

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have succeeded in identifying over 200 susceptibility loci for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the potential functional variants and the mechanisms by which these loci affect MS risk remain largely unexplained.

Objectives:

We used summary data-based Mendelian randomisation to prioritise risk genes and infer potential biological mechanisms for MS risk loci.

Methods:

The data used consisted of DNA methylation ( n = 1980) QTL (mQTL) and gene expression ( n = 31,684) QTL (eQTL) derived from whole blood as well as MS GWAS summary statistics (14,802 cases, 26,703 controls). The findings were further evaluated using data derived from independent brain mQTL ( n = 1160) and eQTL ( n = 1194).

Results:

In whole blood, we identified two independent genomic loci (lincRNA: RP11-326C3.13 and TNFSF14) with consistent genome-wide significant pleiotropic associations across different omics layers. In brain tissue, a similar effect for the RP11-326C3.13 locus was observed but not for TNFSF14, indicating a potential tissue-specific effect for the TNFSF14 locus.

Conclusion:

We provide in silico evidence for the putative biological mechanisms by which the identified DNA methylation sites and target genes are functionally relevant to MS development in different tissues. Future research targeting these genes and DNA methylation sites will determine their roles in the pathophysiology of MS.
Central vein sign and other radiographic features distinguishing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease from multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Ciotti John R , Eby Noah S , Brier Matthew R , Wu Gregory F , Chahin Salim , Cross Anne H , Naismith Robert T
Published: April 2021

Background:

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD) can radiographically mimic multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Central vein sign (CVS) prevalence has not yet been well-established in MOGAD.

Objective:

Characterize the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance and CVS prevalence of MOGAD patients in comparison to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD.

Methods:

Clinical MRIs from 26 MOGAD patients were compared to matched cohorts of MS and AQP4+ NMOSD. Brain MRIs were assessed for involvement within predefined regions of interest. CVS was assessed by overlaying fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and susceptibility-weighted sequences. Topographic analyses were performed on spinal cord and orbital MRIs when available.

Results:

MOGAD patients had fewer brain lesions and average CVS+ rate of 12.1%, compared to 44.4% in MS patients ( p = 0.0008). MOGAD spinal cord and optic nerve involvement was lengthier than MS (5.8 vs 1.0 vertebral segments, p = 0.020; 3.0 vs 0.5 cm, p < 0.0001). MOGAD patients tended to have bilateral/anterior optic nerve pathology with perineural contrast enhancement, contrasting with posterior optic nerve involvement in NMOSD.

Conclusion:

CVS+ rate and longer segments of involvement in the spinal cord and optic nerve can differentiate MOGAD from MS, but do not discriminate as well between MOGAD and AQP4+ NMOSD.
The political economy of fanzines on the threshold of state socialism and post-socialism: The story of Czech(o)slovak fanzines
Authors: Šima Karel
Published: April 2021

In this article, I analyse Czech and Slovak fanzine-making during the transition from state socialism to post-socialism. The regime change ushered in new dominant forms of cultural production, and thus a situation emerged in which cultural hierarchies were being negotiated and new ways of collective action being formed. Fanzines played a crucial role in building up alternative communities in the new neoliberal system, when there was strong demand for Western subcultural styles and the need of safe space of domestic scenes. Independent publishing depends heavily upon that which it opposes, and when major social changes occur, fanzine-making provided a space for negotiating cultural hierarchies, resulting in specific ways in which fanzines help build and maintain alternative scenes.
The future is always-already now: Instituent praxis and the activist university
Authors: Szadkowski Krystian , Krzeski Jakub
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we place the issue of university activism in the context of constituent and constituted power. By this we mean the ever-present danger that activists’ demands will be co-opted and concurrently deactivated. To mitigate this risk, we develop a set of conceptual tools that enables thinking about the activist university in terms of instituent praxis; that is, an open process of co-becoming of an institution and its actors through the continuous co-production of rules that drive their actions. Contrary to the view of the university as something instituted, the activist university that we propose emphasises the possibility of sustaining the process of acting and its underlying rules, rather than the result of the act. The activist university is understood here as a crack that leaves the instituted university open every time the self-production of its subject emerges by the self-transformation of the actors in the very course of their activities. We observe a chance for grounding instituent praxis in the ontological shift in thinking the activist university from being to co-becoming, as this will allow for reclaiming the future for the university and its broader ecology.