bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carboxylesterase Inhibitors: An Update
Authors: Zou Li-Wei , Jin Qiang , Wang Dan-Dan , Qian Qing-Kai , Hao Da-Cheng , Ge Guang-Bo , Yang Ling
Published: December 2017

Mammalian carboxylesterases are key serine hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis
of a wide variety of ester compounds in the corresponding carboxylic acids and
alcohols. In human, two major carboxylesterases, CES1 and CES2, have been identified
and well-studied over the past decade. CES1 inhibitors have potential applications in the
treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia, obesity and type 2 diabetes, owing to that this enzyme
plays prominent role in the metabolism of cholesteryl esters. CES2 plays crucial roles in
the metabolic activation of many prodrugs including anticancer agents capecitabine and
CPT-11. Co-administration with CES2 inhibitors may ameliorate CPT-11 associated lifethreatening
diarrhea or improve the half-lives of CES2-substrate drugs. The important
roles of carboxylesterases in both endogenous and xenobiotic metabolism arouse great interest
in the discovery and development of potent and selective inhibitors against these
enzymes. This review is focused on the application potentials and recent advances in the
discovery and development of carboxylesterases inhibitors. The inhibitory capacities and
inhibition mechanism of a variety of carboxylesterases inhibitors including synthetic,
semi-synthetic and natural compounds are comprehensively summarized. Furthermore,
the key structural features and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of different classes
of CES1 and CES2 inhibitors are discussed. All information and knowledge summarized
in this review will be very helpful for the medicinal chemists to design and develop more
potent and highly selective carboxylesterases inhibitors for potential biomedical applications.
Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Degenerative Kidney Disorders
Authors: Narula Shifa , Tandon Chanderdeep , Tandon Simran
Published: December 2017

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are members of calcium dependent-zinc
containing endopeptidases that play a pivotal role in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling.
MMPs are also known to cleave non-matrix proteins, including cell surface receptors,
TNF-α, angiotensin-II, growth factors, (especially transforming growth factor-β1, ΤGF-
β1) plasminogen, endothelin and other bioactive molecules. The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases
(TIMPs) inhibit the activity of MMPs and decrease ECM degradation.
Various patho-physiological conditions have been linked with the imbalance of ECM synthesis
and degradation. Numerous studies have reported the significance of MMPs and
TIMPs in the progression of kidney pathologies, including glomerulonephritis, diabetic
nephropathy, renal cancer, and nephrolithiasis. Although dysregulated activity of MMPs
could directly or indirectly lead to pathological morbidities, their contribution in disease
progression is still understated. Specifically, MMP activity in the kidneys and it's relation
to kidney diseases has been the subject of a limited number of investigations. Therefore,
the aim of the present review is to provide an updated insight of the involvement of
MMPs and TIMPs in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and degenerative kidney disorders.
Adipokines and Myokines: A Pivotal Role in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders
Authors: Chung Hye Soo , Choi Kyung Mook
Published: December 2017

Obesity induces an imbalance in the expression and secretion of several cytokines,
which contributes to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.
On the contrary, skeletal muscle is known to have a role in reversing the detrimental impact
of obesity. It has been established that adipose tissue acts as an endocrine organ that
secretes proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines. Similarly, skeletal muscle
produces secretory molecules, called myokines, from contracting muscle fibers. Myokines
were recently recognized as beneficial modulators of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and
type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, adipokines and myokines play a crucial role in the communication
between adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and other organs. It could be beneficial
to find novel adipokines and myokines, and to explore their signaling pathways to identify
targets for the treatment and prevention of cardiometabolic disorders. In this review, we
summarize recent studies on cross-talk between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. In
particular, we concentrate on the major action mechanisms of adipokines and myokines,
such as adiponectin, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein, C1q/TNF-related proteins, interleukin-
6, irisin, and fibroblast growth factor 21.
Antidiabetics: Structural Diversity of Molecules with a Common Aim
Authors: Popovic-Djordjevic Jelena B. , Jevtic Ivana I. , Stanojkovic Tatjana P.
Published: December 2017

Background:

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is an endocrine disease of global
proportions which is currently affecting 1 in 12 adults in the world, with still increasing
prevalence. World Health Organization (WHO) declared this worldwide health problem, as an
epidemic disease, to be the only non-infectious disease with such categorization. People with
DMT2 are at increased risk of various complications and have shorter life expectancy. The
main classes of oral antidiabetic drugs accessible today for DMT2 vary in their chemical
composition, modes of action, safety profiles and tolerability.

Methods:

A systematic search of peer-reviewed scientific literature and public databases has
been conducted. We included the most recent relevant research papers and data in respect to
the focus of the present review. The quality of retrieved papers was assessed using standard
tools.

Results:

The review highlights the chemical structural diversity of the molecules that have the
common target-DMT2. So-called traditional antidiabetics as well as the newest and the least
explored drugs include polypeptides and amino acid derivatives (insulin, glucagon-like peptide
1, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors, amylin), sulfonylurea derivatives, benzylthiazolidine-
2,4-diones (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ agonists/glitazones),
condensed guanido core (metformin) and sugar-like molecules (α-glucosidase and sodium/
glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors).

Conclusion:

As diabetes becomes a more common disease, interest in new pharmacological
targets is on the rise.
Medical Applications of Collagen and Collagen-Based Materials
Authors: Shekhter Anatoly B. , Fayzullin Alexey L. , Vukolova Marina N. , Rudenko Tatyana G. , Osipycheva Varvara D. , Litvitsky Petr F.
Published: December 2017

Collagen and collagen-based materials have been successfully used in medicine for over 50 years. The number of scientific articles about the role of collagen in the construction of scaffolds for tissue engineering has risen precipitously in recent years. The review contains materials about historic and modern applications of collagen in medicine such as soluble collagen injections, solid constructs reconstructed from solution, and decellularized collagen matrices. The analysis of published data proves the efficacy of collagen material in the treatment of chronic wounds, burns, venous and diabetic ulcers, in plastic, reconstructive and general surgery, urology, proctology, gynecology, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, neurosurgery, dentistry, cardiovascular and bone and cartilage surgery, as well as in cosmetology. Further development of collagenoplasty requires addressing the problems of allergic complications, improvement of structure and maximizing therapeutic effects against pathological processes.
Potential Drug Targets in the Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Trypanosomatids
Authors: Loureiro Inês , Faria Joana , Santarem Nuno , Smith Terry K. , Tavares Joana , Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela
Published: December 2017

The trypanosomatids, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania
spp, are causative agents of important human diseases such as African sleeping sickness,
Chagas’ disease and Leishmaniasis, respectively. The high impact of these diseases
on human health and economy worldwide, the unsatisfactory available chemotherapeutic
options and the absence of human effective vaccines, strongly justifies the search for new
drugs. The pentose phosphate pathway has been proposed to be a viable strategy to defeat
several infectious diseases, including those from trypanosomatids, as it includes an oxidative
branch, important in the maintenance of cell redox homeostasis, and a non-oxidative
branch in which ribose 5-phosphate and erythrose 4-phosphate, precursors of nucleic acids
and aromatic amino acids, are produced. This review provides an overview of the
available chemotherapeutic options against these diseases and discusses the potential of
genetically validated enzymes from the pentose phosphate pathway of trypanosomatids to
be explored as potential drug targets.
RDR Application: An Accurate HTHP Rheological Modeling for The Sulphonated Water-Based Drilling Fluid
Authors: Xu Lin , Gao Han , Xu Ming-biao , You Fu-chang , Wang Xiao-liang
Published: December 2017

Introduction:

An accurate HTHP rheological model of drilling fluids is critical for the safe and economic drilling operation. However, general HTHP rheological modeling methods appear to be very limited in the predictive accuracy.

Materials and Method:

In this work, a particular relative dial readings(RDR) modeling experiment was conducted on a weighted sulphonated water-based drilling fluid within a certain temperature and pressure range(30-150°C, 0.1-100MPa), in combination to dial reading data of six specific shear rates 3, 6, 100, 200, 300, and 600rpm, to develop a highly accurate HTHP rheological model. The RDR modeling procedure was investigated in details, including relative dial reading, Arrhenius relation, polynomial of pressure coefficients, and polynomial of shear rate coefficients. An equation relating RDR to temperature, pressure, and shear rate was determined.

Results:

The predictive deviation was calculated to be lower than 11.7%, and large errors occurred under the conditions of high pressure and low shear rates; all of which meet the requirement of in-field predictive accuracy. These results not only provide an accurate HTHP rheological equation for the weighted sulphonated water-based drilling fluid, but also propose an effective HTHP rheological modeling strategy for drilling fluids.
The Influence of Natural and Synthetic Fibre Reinforcement on Wood-Gypsum Composites
Authors: Carmen Rodríguez-Liñán , María J. Morales-Conde , P. Rubio-De-Hita , F. Pérez-Gálvez , A. Pedreño-Rojas Manuel
Published: December 2017

Objective:

This paper studies the influence of natural and synthetic fibres on the mechanical behaviour of recycled wood-gypsum composites. These composites of wood waste, such as wood shavings and sawdust, were tested using different proportions of each type of recycled wood. The fibres used, straw as a natural fibre and glass fibre as a synthetic fibre, were analysed in two different proportions.

Method:

The experimental procedure was based on the analysis of the physical properties, density and mechanical properties, flexural strength and compression of the reinforced mixtures. Water absorption by capillarity and the thermal behaviour of the new wood-gypsum materials were also studied.

Results and Conclusion:

The results show that the use of both types of fibres in the mixtures produces lighter composites, and reinforcement by glass fibre represents a significant increase in their flexural strength.
Development of New Eco-Efficient Cement-Based Construction Materials and Recycled Fine Aggregates and EPS from CDW
Authors: Mercader-Moyano Pilar , Requena García-de-la-Cruz Maria Victoria , Yajnes Marta Edith
Published: December 2017

Background:

This research paper presents the results of the characterization and adaptation of the construction product developed by the Experimental Centre of Production of the Faculty of Architecture, Design and Urbanism of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina (CEP FADU UBA) for Spanish regulations. Additionally, it shows the study of the industrialization of its manufacturing process in Spain. The product consists of a cement-based compound that includes recycled fine ceramic aggregates and EPS from rehabilitation works.

Objectives:

The aim of this research work is to propose a new eco-efficient construction product adapted to Spanish and European regulations in order to minimize the environmental impact of the construction activity, improve energy efficiency and reduce construction costs. Furthermore, it is presented as a solution to the problem that construction and demolition waste management represents.

Method and Results:

Samples have been tested to the water absorption and compression resistance tests according to UNE standards. These parameters serve to delimit its use in new sustainable constructive solutions for the design of zero energy consumption buildings (nZEB).

Conclusion:

Results show that it is possible to obtain certain samples that include recycled ceramic aggregates and EPS which present good response to the mechanical and water absorption tests. In addition, it is obtained that industrializing this product in Spain is complex due to the current waste management system.
Understanding Personalized Training Responses: Can Genetic Assessment Help?
Authors: Pickering Craig , Kiely John
Published: December 2017

Background:

Traditional exercise prescription is based on the assumption that exercise adaptation is predictable and standardised across individuals. However, evidence has emerged in the past two decades demonstrating that large inter-individual variation exists regarding the magnitude and direction of adaption following exercise.

Objective:

The aim of this paper was to discuss the key factors influencing this personalized response to exercise in a narrative review format.

Findings:

Genetic variation contributes significantly to the personalized training response, with specific polymorphisms associated with differences in exercise adaptation. These polymorphisms exist in a number of pathways controlling exercise adaptation. Environmental factors such as nutrition, psycho-emotional response, individual history and training programme design also modify the inter-individual adaptation following training. Within the emerging field of epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNA allow environmental and lifestyle factors to impact genetic expression. These epigenetic mechanisms are themselves modified by genetic and non-genetic factors, illustrating the complex interplay between variables in determining the adaptive response. Given that genetic factors are such a fundamental modulator of the inter-individual response to exercise, genetic testing may provide a useful and affordable addition to those looking to maximise exercise adaption, including elite athletes. However, there are ethical issues regarding the use of genetic tests, and further work is needed to provide evidence based guidelines for their use.

Conclusion:

There is considerable inter-individual variation in the adaptive response to exercise. Genetic assessments may provide an additional layer of information allowing personalization of training programmes to an individual’s unique biology.
Problems of Mojari and Jutti craftsman of Rajasthan and Punjab
Authors: Kothari Usha , Kaur Simerjeet , Kaur Karanjeet
Published: December 2017

In Indian footwear range Rajasthani Mojari and Punjabi juttis for men and women look simple and fabulous. Rajasthan, recognized by its Royal heritage and culture has prominent and well-established craft industry. Punjabi handicrafts produce very useful items, which are exported to all over the country and abroad. Rajasthani mojari and Punjabi juttis for males come up in beautiful bright rainbow colours. Sometimes you can find them in single colour but to add on a little sparkling effect, a combination of multiple colour threads are used to give a glittery look as the special occasion demands. This paper is confined with the problems faced by the craftsmen of Rajasthan and Punjab with some suggestions.
A Comparative study of dissatisfaction of house exams of B.Ed. student of Bhiwani and Charkhi Dadri district.
Authors: SINGH B. P.
Published: December 2017

This article investigates students’ perceptions and expectation of evaluation of house exams of B.Ed. students to understand the causes of dissatisfaction with the services delivered by the teachers. A total of 195 responses were collected from six colleges of education of Bhiwani and Charkhi Dadri district. Five achievement tests were prepared for 2nd year students covering all the five compulsory papers. It was found that four out of five questions were subjective in nature and required deeper knowledge of subject matter, skill and process. Only one question was short answer type question. The other causes of dissatisfaction include lack of subject matter, organization of subject matter, time management, space in answer-sheets, length of answer, proper evaluation by teacher, proper communication of educational terms, proper remuneration to teachers, insufficient time to teacher for evaluation, and lack of proper seating arrangement. Based on evaluation deficiencies identified, the study offers some measures that could be used to improve evaluation quality and thereby students satisfaction.
Student’s academic success is evaluated by their performance in exams conducted by Boards/Universities. These authorities consider three parameters i.e. attendance, internal and external marks which are taken to evaluate students academic performance. It does not inform about the affective and psychomotor domains of the students. Evaluation is an important instrument to provide proper feedback to teaching and learning process (Hossain M.J. 2014). Evaluation is also used to know the effectiveness of teachers, method of teaching curriculum, effectiveness of course content and the growth of an individual. Evaluation provides feedback to each and every child at every step for the proper development of the child. Child has to develop some intrinsic evaluation system within himself to take proper judgement and develop such a skill which helps him to take judgement at appropriate time in the right direction.
State of Democracy in Sri Lanka: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Uyangoda Jayadeva , Peiris Pradeep
Published: December 2017

This paper is a preliminary report on citizens understanding and perceptions of democracy in Sri Lanka, as reflected in a survey carried out in 2004-2005. The survey was a part of a South Asian study covering Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka on the theme "State of Democracy and Human Security in South Asia." The report of the overall study has now been published as State of Democracy in South Asia: A Report (2008).In terms of methodology, the study had four methodological 'pathways'. They are (i) case studies, (ii) dialogues, (iii) qualitative assessments, and (iv) cross-section surveys. The cross section survey carried out in each country was the principal instrument of data collection for the study. It sought to elicit broad trends of people's opinions, attitudes and behaviour in relation to democracy. The other three pathways provided qualitative assessments and dimensions that were not captured in the cross-section survey. The pathway of 'Dialogues' was chosen in order to recognise and retrieve bodies and voices of critical knowledge that are available among different social and political constituencies. Under the component 'Qualitative Assessments', scholars active in social science research were asked to 'assess' the experience of democracy in a non-partisan basis. The qualitative assessments addressed questions formulated around five key themes: (i) the promise of democracy, (ii) design of democracy, (iii) working of democracy, (iv) democracy's outcomes, and (v) democracy's futures.
Welfare Politics in Contemporary Indonesia: Examining Welfare Vision of Law 11/2009
Authors: Mas'udi Wawan , Hanif Hasrul
Published: December 2017

This article presents a picture of contemporary welfare politics in Indonesia. Adopted in the light of broken welfare-oriented programes initiated by national and local administrations, it was hope that Law 11/2009 would provide a clearer direction for the development of welfare systems in Indonesia. However, analysis of the formulation and content of the law, together with interviews and session notes indicate that such expectations are unlikely to be fulfilled. The legislation process in parliament (DPR) lacked any ideological or substantive debate, while the content fails to present a clear vision of welfare, except as a residual-like model and with characteristics of a benevolent state. This social welfare law has thoroughly failed to act as a blueprint for the Indonesian welfare ideal.
The Effect of Extended Release Niacin on Markers of Mineral Metabolism in CKD
Authors: Malhotra Rakesh , Katz Ronit , Hoofnagle Andrew , Bostom Andrew , Rifkin Dena E. , Mcbride Ruth , Probstfield Jeffrey , Block Geoffrey , Ix Joachim H.
Published: December 2017

Background and objectives

Niacin downregulates intestinal sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 2b expression and reduces intestinal phosphate transport. Short-term studies have suggested that niacin lowers serum phosphate concentrations in patients with CKD and ESRD. However, the long-term effects of niacin on serum phosphate and other mineral markers are unknown.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome with Low HDL/High Triglycerides: Impact on Global Health Trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial testing extended release niacin in persons with prevalent cardiovascular disease. We examined the effect of randomized treatment with niacin (1500 or 2000 mg) or placebo on temporal changes in markers of mineral metabolism in 352 participants with eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 over 3 years. Changes in each marker were compared over time between the niacin and placebo arms using linear mixed effects models.

Results

Randomization to niacin led to 0.08 mg/dl lower plasma phosphate concentrations per year of treatment compared with placebo (P<0.01) and 0.25 mg/dl lower mean phosphate 3 years after baseline (3.32 versus 3.57 mg/dl; P=0.03). In contrast, randomization to niacin was not associated with statistically significant changes in plasma intact fibroblast growth factor 23, parathyroid hormone, calcium, or vitamin D metabolites over 3 years.

Conclusions

The use of niacin over 3 years lowered serum phosphorous concentrations but did not affect other markers of mineral metabolism in participants with CKD.
Front-line treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Yingxin , Fahrbach Kyle , Dorman Emily , Baculea Simona , Côté Sarah , Sanden Suzy van , Diels Joris
Published: December 2017

Aim:
A systematic literature review and network meta-analysis were conducted to determine the relative efficacy and safety of interventions for treatment-naive chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients, as comparative evidence is scarce.
Materials & methods:
Relative treatment effects of progression-free survival, overall survival and safety outcomes were estimated via network meta-analysis based on data identified via systematic literature review.
Results:
Ibrutinib was superior in all pairwise comparisons for progression-free survival (probability to be better [P] range: overall population: 69–100%; fludarabine-ineligible population: 69–100%) and overall survival (P range: overall: 89–100%; fludarabine-ineligible: 91–100%) and had the highest probability of being best for all outcomes.
Conclusion:
Ibrutinib provides superior benefit in survival and safety compared with other front-line treatments of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Pensiones y estratificación social en América Central y las Antillas Mayores
Authors: Diaz-Tendero Bollain Aida
Published: December 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es aplicar el enfoque de la Economía Política del Envejecimiento al estudio de la (in) seguridad económica de las personas mayores en América Central y las Antillas Mayores. Este enfoque estudia la función del Estado en la reproducción, atenuación o acentuación de las inequidades que afectan a la población mayor. Para ello, se aplicaron indicadores de Economía Política como: tipo de régimen de bienestar, articulación de la política social a partir de la asistencia y seguridad sociales, cobertura, sistemas de pensiones contributivas y no contributivas a una muestra de nueve países de la subregión (Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá, República Dominicana). El hallazgo es que la subregión presenta una gran heterogeneidad en cuanto al tipo de Estado y régimen de bienestar y su consiguiente efecto en la seguridad económica de las personas mayores.
Orbitas de un pensamiento: Lenin y el marxismo en América Latina
Authors: Ortega Reyna Jaime
Published: December 2017

El objetivo del artículo es estudiar las diferentes perspectivas de apropiación de la obra de Lenin al interior de la teoría social latinoamericana. Un rasgo común de estas trayectorias fue que la figura clave de la Revolución rusa dejó de ser sólo un ícono histórico para convertirse en un motivo que animó la producción teórica. Así, el texto muestra distintos momentos del proceso de apropiación del legado de Lenin, que incluyen: una reiteración de la versión clásica de las teorías del imperialismo, una lectura en clave anticolonial tras la Revolución cubana y finalmente, una búsqueda por encontrar en su obra la salida a la “crisis del marxismo”. Como resultado se presentan los principales referentes de la discusión, al tiempo de integrar un corpus de obras y autores que permiten formular un "archivo" de una zona de la historia del marxismo latinoamericano generalmente olvidado.
Juntos, en lo fronterizo: construyendo territorios a través de los espacios de frontera
Authors: Santamarina-Macho Carlos
Published: December 2017

La frontera no debe ser interpretada únicamente como una línea de separación y protección; también puede convertirse en el espacio desde donde realidades contrapuestas, mediante las posibilidades creativas del conflicto, avancen hacia metas comunes. Partiendo del mito fronterizo, el artículo muestra algunas situaciones y experiencias en las cuales el concepto puede seguir siendo útil en la actualidad para el conocimiento, la interpretación e, incluso, la construcción de territorios.
Cómo caminar los límites de la megalópolis
Authors: De Jong Feike
Published: December 2017

En 2009, recorrí la orilla de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de
México. Tardé 51 días en hacerlo. Se trataba, más o menos,
de 700 kilómetros. Mi única regla fue que la totalidad del trayecto,
hasta regresar al punto de partida, sería a pie.
Modernisasi Lembaga Pendidikan Pesantren
Authors: Bashori Bashori
Published: December 2017

Pesantren is an Islamic institution which has the advantage of both aspects of the scientific tradition as well as the transmission side and the intensity of the Muslims. The rise of globalization has threatened the existence of pesantren, so it appears the idea of modernizing the environment of schools to the challenges of social transformation needs. But many people worry about the idea of modernization-oriented pesantren of the present can affect idenitas and primary function of pesantren education institutions. Therefore, it is important we discus and further analyze how the role of the modernization of pesantren education institutions today. Pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam yang memiliki keunggulan baik dari aspek tradisi keilmuannya maupun sisi transmisi dan intensitas umat Islam. Derasnya arus globalisasi telah mengancam eksistensi pesantren sehingga muncul gagasan modernisasi dilingkungan pesantren demi menjawab tantangan kebutuhan transformasi sosial. Akan tetapi banyak kalangan mengkhawatirkan tentang gagasan modernisasi pesantren yang berorientasi kekinian dapat mempengaruhi idenitas dan fungsi pokok lembaga pendidikan pesantren. Oleh karena itu, perlu kiranya kita membahas dan menganalisis lebih jauh bagaimana peranan modernisasi lembaga pendidikan pesantren saat ini.
Spatiotemporal patterns of avian vocal activity in relation to urban and rural background noise
Authors: Gentry Katherine E. , Luther David A.
Published: December 2017

Background noise can interfere with and influence acoustic communication behavior. Signal interference is dependent on the amplitude and spectral characteristic of background noise, which varies over space and time. The likelihood of signal interference is greater when background noise is concentrated within the same frequency bands of an animal’s vocalization, but even a partial masking effect can elicit signaling behavior modification. Relative to a rural landscape, background noise in an urban landscape is disproportionately comprised by anthro- pogenic sound, which fluctuates in amplitude throughout the day and occurs primarily in low frequencies (0–2 kHz). In this study, we examined if urban-rural differences in vocal activity patterns exist in a species Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli that communicates above the frequency range of anthropogenic noise (2–8 kHz). We tested whether vocal activity patterns changed in relation to sound in the high or low frequency bands within and between urban and rural locations. Automated acoustic recording devices (ARDs) continuously recorded throughout the morning song chorus, 0500 to 1,100 h, during the 2014 breeding season in San Francisco (urban) and Marin (rural) Counties, CA. Supervised learning cluster analysis was used to quantify vocal activity by totaling the number of songs. In general, vocal activity was greater in urban locations com- pared to rural locations. However, within rural and urban study sites, we found vocal activity decreased where low frequency noise levels were higher. There was not a relationship between vocal activity and high frequency, biotic sound. In both urban and rural locations, low frequency noise levels increased through the morning, while vocal activity remained relatively consistent. Our results demonstrate how patterns of vocal activity can change with low frequency, abiotic noise, even when there is no direct spectral overlap with the acoustic signal.
Conductometric method for determining water stability and nutrient leaching of extruded fish feed
Authors: Banjac Vojislav , Colovic Radmilo , Pezo Lato , Colovic Dusica , Gubic Jasmina , Djuragic Olivera
Published: December 2017

Water stability of eight samples of extruded salmon feeds was first
determined by applying two gravimetric methods developed by the authors:
gravimetric static and wet sieving method. Then, the conductometric method,
primarily developed for investigation of nutrient leaching of feed into the
water by the authors, was used for each sample. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the potential of the conductometric measurement as a technique for
determining water stability of extruded fish feed. In order to find any
correlation between the results of two gravimetric tests and conductometric
method, correlation analysis was employed. The results of static and wet
sieving method were expressed as water stability index, which was expressed
as the percent of remained dry matter of sample after being disintegrated in
the water. The results of conductometric method were shown as conductivity
curves for each sample, giving the insight in rate of nutrient leaching
during the time. The obtained values of water conductivity showed no
significant (p < 0.05) correlation with the results of static water method,
while there was a negative significant (p < 0.05) correlation with the
results of wet sieving method during first four hours of pellets soaking in
water. The highest correlation coefficients were obtained within the first
hour of conductivity measurement, demonstrating that proposed conductometric
method had a potential to be applied as a rapid and simple method for
determination and relative comparison of salmon feed water stability.
Chemometric and QSAR analysis of some thiadiazines as potential antifungal agents
Authors: Karadzic Milica , Kovacevic Strahinja , Jevric Lidija , Podunavac-Kuzmanovic Sanja
Published: December 2017

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis has been
performed in order to predict the antifungal activity of dihydroindeno and
indeno thiadiazines against toxigenic fungus Aspergillus flavus. The studied
compounds were classified according to their lipophilicity using the
principal component analysis (PCA). The partial least square regression
(PLSR) was used to distinguish the most important molecular descriptors for
non-linear modeling. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were applied for the
antifungal activity prediction. The best QSAR models were validated by
statistical parameters and graphical methods. High agreement between the
observed and predicted antifungal activity values indicated the good quality
of the derived QSAR models. The obtained QSAR-ANN models can be used to
predict the antifungal activity of dihydroindeno and indeno thiadiazines and
of structurally similar compounds. The modeling of the antifungal activity
can contribute to the synthesis of new antifungal agents with better ability
to protect food and feed from the mycotoxins.
Continuous adsorption of methylene blue dye on the maize stem ground tissue
Authors: Kojic Predrag , Vucurovic Vesna , Lukic Natasa , Karadzic Milica , Popovic Svetlana
Published: December 2017

Continuous adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions onto maize
stem ground tissue in column mode was investigated. The study encompassed the
effects of important parameters such as flow rate, initial concentration of
methylene blue, and bed depth on methylene blue removal from model solutions.
The maximum adsorption capacity of the maize stem was 45.9 mg/g at the
initial methylene blue concentration of 20 mg/L, bed height of 6.5 cm and
flow rate of 8 mL/min. It was found that the breakthrough time for reaching
saturation increased with a decrease in the flow rate, and also occurred
earlier for a higher influent concentration. The breakthrough times increased
with the bed depth, thus allowing a larger volume to be treated. The
Adams-Bohart, Yoon-Nelson, Clark and artificial neural network models were
used to predict the breakthrough curves. These models gave excellent
approximations of the experimental behavior.
Validation and application of FTIR spectroscopy in raw milk analysis
Authors: Kucevic Denis , Glamocic Dragan , Trivunovic Snezana , Jajic Igor , Perisic Biljana , Krstovic Sasa
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to investigate whether FTIR spectroscopy is an
accurate and valid technique for the assessment of quality parameters in raw
cow's milk: fat, protein, lactose, and total solids. The assessment was based
on calibration series and comparison with reference material. Furthermore, it
takes into account the results obtained in the inter-laboratory comparisons
(proficiency testing). The calibration samples were purchased from the
accredited regional reference laboratories. The validation parameters
included linearity, accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, and robustness.
The linearity ratio was 0.95%. The biases calculated for the fat, protein,
lactose and dry matter were -0.33, 0.31, -0.25, and 0.06 respectively. The F
value from the F-test was used to determine the significant differences
between two independent sets of the results. The obtained results were as
follows: 1.469 for fat, 1.634 for protein, 1.192 for lactose, and 0.528 for
dry matter. The intra-laboratory reproducibility calculated as the Horwitz
Ratios for all parameters were within the criterion limits (0.5 to 0.8). The
data obtained for carry-over were 0.27% for fat, 0.52% for protein, 0.47% for
lactose, and 0.47% for dry matter. Based on the obtained results it can be
concluded that the FTIR spectroscopy is a reliable instrumental technique for
the determination of fat, protein, lactose and total solids in raw cow's
milk.
CO05 - Cosmologia e tradição karipuna na história da ciência brasileira: um estudo sobre o ritual do turé
Authors: Barreiros Jussara De Pinho
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL
P02 - Primo Levi – Uma Vida a descobrir
Authors: Gama Ana Lúcia
Published: December 2017

RESUMO - PÔSTER
A Guide for the Use of Group Programs in Confronting the Causes of the Spread of Violent Behavior in Schools
Authors: Osman Abd El Rahman Sofy , Foda Mohamed Mohamed
Published: December 2017

The main aim of the study was to design a guide for the use of group programs in confronting the causes of the spread of violent behavior among schoolchildren. This descriptive study used the sample survey methodology through a questionnaire applied to a sample of (50) social workers in elementary school in Cairo Governorate. The study results revealed that the widespread patterns of violence among the groups of pupils were: Verbal abuse, beating, and violence against teachers. The results also revealed the reasons for the spread of violent behavior may be the pupils themselves, the teachers, families, or the school. The results proved the importance of investing in activities and group programs to confront violent behavior and to increase awareness among social workers as to the importance of these programs in the alleviation of violent behavior and the confrontation of its causes. Finally, the study suggested a guide for the use of collective programs in confronting the causes of the spread of violent behavior among schoolchildren. The guide contained: Target, considerations that must be respected when in implementation, assumptions, theories and models used, the social group work strategies to deal with violent behavior in schools, group activities that should be used, social worker roles, and finally mechanisms for confronting the causes of violent behavior among school children.
PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGI DALAM STUDI ISLAM
Authors: Haris Munawir
Published: December 2017

The present religious presence is required to be active in solving the problems and challenges facing its adherents. The position and role of religion is not only a symbol of piety but can play a role in solving the existing problems. The psychological approach in Islamic studies has a significant role to explain the outward symptoms of religious people. Armed with psychological theories will be easy to know the level of religion that is understood, lived and practiced by someone. The cognitive theory of religion is able to provide answers related to the limitations beyond human capabilities. In addition, religious-based psychotherapy is one concept of psychotherapy in the perspective of Islam that can be used as a therapy to cure various diseases both physical and mental disorders.
XÂY DỰNG QUY TRÌNH ĐỊNH LƯỢNG FLURBIPROFEN TRONG VIÊN NÉN BAO PHIM 100 MG BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP SẮC KÝ LỎNG HIỆU NĂNG CAO GHÉP ĐẦU DÒ DIODE-ARRAY
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thanh Binh , Nguyen Thanh Hai , Dang Ngoc Anh , Tran Mai Anh
Published: December 2017

Trong nghiên cứu này chúng tôi đã xây dựng được quy trình định lượng flurbiprofen trong viên nén bao phim 100 mg bằng phương pháp sắc ký lỏng hiệu năng cao ghép đầu dò diode-array theo hướng dẫn của Cơ quan quản lý thuốc châu Âu và Hội nghị quốc tế về hài hoà hoá các yêu cầu kỹ thuật để đăng ký dược phẩm sử dụng trên người. Pha tĩnh được sử dụng là cột silicagel pha đảo C8 (5 μm, 120 Å, 4,6×150 mm), pha động là hỗn hợp acetonitril : nước : acid acetic băng với tỷ lệ 65 : 32,5 : 2,5, tốc độ dòng 1 ml/phút. Mẫu được tiêm với thể tích 10 µl, thời gian sắc ký 8 phút, bước sóng phát hiện 247 nm. Thời gian lưu của flurbiprofen là 3,73 phút. Kết quả thực nghiệm cho thấy trong khoảng nồng độ từ 2 – 20 μg/ml, có sự tương quan tuyến tính chặt chẽ giữa diện tích pic y (mAU.min) và nồng độ dung dịch x (μg/ml) theo phương trình y = 0,680x với hệ số xác định R2 = 0,9993. Giới hạn phát hiện và giới hạn định lượng lần lượt là 0,05 và 0,15 μg/ml. Phương pháp đảm bảo tính đặc hiệu với flurbiprofen, có độ đúng và độ chính xác tốt với tỷ lệ phục hồi ≤ 100 ± 2%, độ lệch chuẩn tương đối của độ lặp lại  ≤ 1,71%, độ lệch chuẩn tương đối của độ chính xác trung gian ≤ 2,34%.
Biomimetics in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Tung Bui Thanh , Nhat Bui Son , Hue Pham Thi Minh , Hai Nguyen Thanh
Published: December 2017

Biomimetics is a growing scientific field which is being more and more widely applied, from industrial production of normal devices to more modern applications such as robotics, electronic chips, nanotechnology as well as medicine and pharmaceuticals. An approach is to utilize biomimetics in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to meet clinical as well as research and development demands. With past achievements and considering future prospects, this promises to be the key to solve existing problems in medicines.
Prácticas de crianza predictoras de problemas moderados de conducta en niños
Authors: Morales-Chainé Silvia ,   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Ramírez Arriaga Danae Celeste , Rosas Peña Marcela , Lira Mandujano Jennifer ,   Facultad de Estudios Superiores “Iztacala” Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Published: December 2017

Introducción: las prácticas positivas y negativas de crianza se asocian con problemas severos de conducta infantil. Objetivo: identificar las prácticas de crianza que predicen problemas moderados de conducta en niños. Método: participaron 508 padres, de 35.6 años de edad en promedio. Se utilizaron el Inventario de Prácticas de Crianza, el Cuestionario de Parentalidad de Alabama, el de Habilidades de Manejo Infantil y el Inventario de Conducta Infantil. Además, se usaron análisis descriptivos y de regresión lineal múltiple. A través del modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales, se obtuvo un ajuste de los datos con una χ2 (1310) = 1879.18; p = 0.000, cfi = 0.872, rmsea = 0.048, ic de 0.043 a 0.053 y un srmr = 0.076. Las conductas características de la hiperactividad tuvieron el mayor promedio (m = 40.6, de = 21.9), seguidas por las de oposición y desafío (m = 40.5 de = 22.4), la inatención (m = 37.9, de = 23.2) y la disrupción/agresión (m = 21.3, de = 20.1). El factor oposición y desafío estuvo predicho por el factor de disciplina inconsistente (r2 = 0.785), la disrupción/agresión por la falta de monitoreo y supervisión (r2 = 0.723) y la hiperactividad por el castigo corporal (r2 = 0.590), en tanto que la inatención estuvo predicha inversamente por las ganancias materiales entregadas por los padres (r2 = -0.175) y directamente por la disciplina inconsistente (r2 =0.560). Discusión y conclusione. las prácticas negativas de crianza como el uso del castigo corporal, la disciplina inconsistente, la entrega de ganancias materiales para mejorar la interacción con los hijos y el pobre monitoreo y supervisión predijeron de manera confiable la ocurrencia moderada de las conductas de hiperactividad, oposición, desafío, inatención, disrupción y agresión, respectivamente. El entrenamiento conductual a padres deberá incorporar prácticas positivas de crianza para la reducción de problemas moderados de conducta infantil.
El estado actual de las vacunas contra las drogas
Authors: Matus Ortega Maura Epifanía ,   Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México., Calva Nieves Juan Carlos , Barbosa-Méndez Susana , Salazar-Juárez Alberto
Published: December 2017

Introducción: por lo común, la adicción a las drogas se trata con psicoterapia y farmacología que evita la unión de las sustancias psicoactivas a receptores específicos en el cerebro. El resultado de estos tratamientos no ha sido del todo satisfactorio, por lo que el desarrollo de terapias más eficaces representa un reto constante para tratar las adicciones. Una alternativa a la farmacología antiadictiva es la vacunación activa dirigida contra las sustancias de abuso. Objetivo: esta revisión reúne la información disponible sobre los fundamentos y avances científicos en la generación de una terapia inmunológica, que coadyuve al tratamiento de la adicción a sustancias como la heroína-morfina, la cocaína, la nicotina y la anfetamina. Método: se consideraron los reportes científicos disponibles en PubMed –de 2005 a abril de 2017–, sobre los fundamentos, la metodología empleada, los estudios preclínicos y clínicos, y los resultados obtenidos en dichas investigaciones para generar vacunas contra las drogas. Resultados: las vacunas lograron mitigar los efectos producidos por las sustancias en los estudios preclínicos en modelos de estudio en animales; sin embargo, con pacientes humanos los resultados no han sido del todo satisfactorios. Discusión y conclusiones a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados por diferentes grupos de investigación y compañías farmacéuticas para generar vacunas terapéuticas contra el uso de diferentes drogas, ninguna ha alcanzado la fase III de estudios clínicos. En la actualidad, se continúa con los esfuerzos para lograr que las vacunas contra las adicciones alcancen su máxima eficiencia y eficacia, y contribuyan al tratamiento de la adicción a las drogas.
KARAKTERISASI ISOLAT BAKTERI FIBRINOLITIK WU 021055* ASAL PERAIRAN PANTAI PAPUMA, JEMBER
Authors: Sri Pananjung Ajeng Maharani , Ulfa Evi Umayah , Senjarini Kartika , Arimurti Sattya
Published: December 2017

A blood clot (thrombus) in a blood stream is formed due to a circulatory system imbalance in the hemostasis which results in plug of blood vessels. The suppliy of nutrients and oxygen to the tissues is inhibited (ischemia) by the accumulation of thrombus and embolus in the blood vessel. This prosses is the main cause for further atherotrombotic diseases such as myocardial infraction and cerebral infraction. This disease could be overcome by thrombolytic therapy by using fibrinolytic protease enzyme. Fibrinolytic activity of protease enzymes have been studied from various species of bacteria. Bacterial isolate of WU 021055* obtained from Papuma coastal waters has demonstrated fibrinolytic activity. This research was aimed to identify the bacterial isolate through morphological characterization (colony and cell morphology), physiological characterization (indole test, carbohydrates fermentation test (glucose, lactose, sucrose and fructose), catalase test, starch hydrolysis test, and the pH effect test), and molecular identification using 16S rRNA. Based on those characterizations, the bacterial isolate of WU 021055* shows a high similarity to Bacillus aerius.Keywords: Atherotrombosis, fibrinolytic, identification, characterization, bacteria ABSTRAKBekuan darah (trombus) dalam peredaran darah terbentuk akibat ketidakseimbangan sistem sirkulasi dalam hemostasis yang menyebabkan penyumbatan pembuluh darah. Akumulasi trombus dan embolus pada pembuluh darah mengakibatkan suplai nutrisi dan oksigen ke jaringan terhambat (iskemia) dan bahkan kematian jaringan (infark). Pembentukan ini merupakan etiologi dari penyakit aterotrombosis seperti infark miokard dan infark serebral. Penyakit akibat trombosis ini dapat diatasi dengan terapi trombolitik dengan enzim protease fibrinolitik. Aktivitas enzim protease fibrinolitik telah diteliti dari berbagai spesies bakteri. Isolat bakteri WU 021055* asal perairan pantai papuma tampak memiliki aktivitas fibrinolitik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi isolat bakteri melalui karakterisasi morfologi (morfologi koloni dan sel), karakterisasi fisiologis (uji indol, uji fermentasi karbohidrat (glukosa, laktosa, sukrosa dan fruktosa), uji katalase, uji hidrolisis pati, dan uji pengaruh pH), dan identifikasi secara molekuler menggunakan 16S rRNA. Berdasarkan karakterisasi morfologi, fisiologi, dan marker 16S rRNA, isolat bakteri WU 021055* menunjukkan kemiripan yang tinggi dengan Bacillus aerius.Kata kunci: Aterotrombosis, fibrinolitik, identifikasi, karakterisasi, bakteri