bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proportion of Time Covered by Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Daher Darine , Seif El Dahan Karim , Yekkaluri Sruthi , Gopal Purva , Rich Nicole E. , Parikh Neehar D. , Murphy Caitlin C. , Singal Amit G.
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance is associated with improved early tumor detection, but effectiveness is limited by underuse. We characterized adherence to HCC surveillance using proportion of time covered (PTC) and estimated its association with clinical outcomes among patients with cirrhosis.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with HCC between January 2008 and December 2022 at 2 large US health systems. We characterized PTC by imaging in the 12 and 24 months before HCC diagnosis. We used multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses to assess the association between PTC and early HCC detection, receipt of curative treatment, and overall survival.

RESULTS:

Among 2,027 patients with HCC, 331 (51.4% Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer 0/A) had been followed up for at least 12 months before diagnosis. The median PTC was 24.9% (interquartile range 1.1%–50.7%), with only 16.0% having semiannual imaging and 42.0% having annual surveillance. Semiannual and annual surveillance decreased to 6.3% and 29.6% when assessed over 24 months, although the median PTC remained unchanged at 24.9%. Receipt of gastroenterology/hepatology care had the strongest association with PTC, with median PTC of 36.7% and 3.8% for those with and without gastroenterology/hepatology care, respectively. PTC was independently associated with improved early HCC detection, curative treatment receipt, and overall survival. The median survival was 15.7, 26.8, and 32.7 months among those with PTC of <25% (n = 168 patients), PTC 25%–50% (n = 69 patients), and PTC >50% (n = 94 patients), respectively.

DISCUSSION:

The proportion of time covered by HCC surveillance in patients with cirrhosis remains low, highlighting a need for multilevel interventions.
Factors Influencing Plagiarism Among Faculty Members and Research Scholars in the Higher Education System
Authors: Salauddin Dr Nazia
Published: November 2023

Plagiarism considered serious academic misconduct and a violation of academic integrity and ethics. This study identified users' perceptions and attitudes about plagiarism and strategies for prohibiting in academia and found out the potential causes of plagiarism among higher education systems. The survey method used stratified random sampling techniques to make the strata for the study population, 213 data collected from scholars and faculty members. The survey result demonstrates the primary cause of plagiarism appearance and how different plagiarism indicators have been evaluated within the primary causes. The findings show that information and communication technology, specifically responsible for two factors, easiness of copying and availability of access to resources and new technologies, has a substance responsible for plagiarism. The primary purpose of the study of academic fraternity must transmit learning skills and knowledge. The intention based on ethical principles resulting from its misconduct, and plagiarism is just exploitation for an academic career. Academicians can significantly contribute to the correct set of skills to prevent students from plagiarizing, independently of the student's experiences.
Kulturowy model niepełnosprawności wyzwaniem dla pedagogiki specjalnej
Authors: Twardowski Andrzej
Published: November 2023

The aim of the article is to present the cultural model of disability and its consequences for special education. I will start by presenting the origins and essence of the cultural model of disability. Next, I will characterize the four main assumptions underlying this model: 1) disability can be understood differently in different cultures, 2) people perceive disability through the prism of the experiences they have acquired in their culture, 3) the understanding of disability depends on the type of discourse that constitutes its meaning, 4) the commonly unquestionable “efficiency” usually referred to as “normality” should be questioned. In the second part of the article, I will discuss the most important implications of the cultural model of disability for the theory and practice of special education.
Drainage fluid LDH and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as biomarkers for early detecting anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing colorectal surgery
Authors: Agnello Luisa , Buscemi Salvatore , Di Buono Giuseppe , Vidali Matteo , Lo Sasso Bruna , Agrusa Antonino , Ciaccio Marcello
Published: November 2023

Objectives

In this study, we investigated the role of several circulating and drainage fluid biomarkers for detecting postoperative complications (PCs) and anastomotic leakage (AL) in patients undergoing colorectal surgery.

Methods

All consecutive patients undergoing colorectal surgery between June 2018 and April 2020 were prospectively considered. On postoperative days (POD) 1, 3, and 5, we measured lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in drainage fluid, C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum and drainage fluid, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Results

We enrolled 187 patients. POD1 patients with AL had higher serum CRP levels, while on POD3 and on POD5 higher NLR and serum CRP. LDH and CRP in drainage fluid were also significantly higher at both time points. The area under the curves (AUCs) of serum and drainage fluid CRP were 0.752 (0.629–0.875) and 0.752 (0.565–0.939), respectively. The best cut-off for serum and drainage fluid CRP was 185.23 and 76 mg/dL, respectively. The AUC of NLR on POD3 was 0.762 (0.662–0.882) with a sensitivity and specificity of 84 and 63 %, respectively, at a cut-off of 6,6. Finally, drainage fluid LDH showed the best diagnostic performance for AL, with an AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.921 (0.849–0.993), 82 %, and 90 % at a cut-off of 2,186 U/L. Trends in serum parameters between patients with or without PCs or AL were also evaluated. Interestingly, we found that NLR decreased faster in patients without PCs than in patients with PCs and patients with AL.

Conclusions

Drainage fluid LDH and NLR could be promising biomarkers of PCs and AL.
Protective properties of AgNPs green-synthesized by Abelmoschus esculentus on retinal damage on the virtue of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in diabetic rat
Authors: Tang Fang , Mahdavi Behnam
Published: November 2023

Eye retinopathy means damage to the retina of the eye, which can have various causes, both congenital and acquired. Diabetes is one of the important causes of eye retinopathy. Retinopathy can develop slowly or quickly, get better on its own, or lead to permanent damage. No treatment is recommended in the early and mild stages. However, close monitoring is essential. Severe form of the disease may require treatment. Recently, the researchers have focused on new options for the treatment of the retinal damages. Present investigation discloses the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesizing capability of the leaves of pharmacologically important Abelmoschus esculentus. Rapid, cost-effective, one-step process of formulation has been achieved. New genre AgNPs were characterized by involving ultraviolet- visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. Effect of AgNPs@Abelmoschus esculentus was assessed on the retinal injury of diabetic rats in this study. After inducing the diabetes by STZ, all rats were separated in to seven different groups (n = 20) including control, diabetic retinopathy group receiving saline solution, and AgNPs@Abelmoschus esculentus treated group receiving AgNPs@Abelmoschus esculentus (20, 40, and 80 µg/kg) for a duration of 8 weeks. After completion of the treatment protocol, the body weight and blood glucose were determined. Leukocytosis, retinal vascular permeability, fundus photography, and retinal vessel diameter, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), and concentrations of IL10, NF-κB, and TNFα in the retina were assessed. AgNPs@Abelmoschus esculentus in all doses reduced significantly (p ≤ 0.01) the weight, glucose, NF-κB, and TNFα concentrations, retinal leukocytosis, and vascular permeability and increased the concentrations of SOD, CAT, GSH, and IL10. Thus, the present research concludes that AgNPs@Abelmoschus esculentus effectively manages the diabetic retinopathy at the best.
Lewis acids as co-catalysts in Pd-based catalyzed systems of the octene-1 hydroethoxycarbonylation reaction
Authors: Shalmagambetov Kairzhan , Vavasori Andrea , Zhaksylykova Gulbanu , Kanapiyeva Fatima , Zykay Meruyert , Kudaibergenov Nurbolat
Published: November 2023

In this work, in order to develop new, efficient, and environmentally friendly methods for the preparation of practically valuable esters of carboxylic acids, the hydroalkoxycarbonylation reaction of octene-1 with various alcohols in the presence of metal–complex catalysts based on palladium phosphine complexes has been studied. Three-component systems based on PdCl2(PPh3)2 containing different ligands as stabilizers and Lewis acids as promoters were studied as catalysts. It is shown that the three-component system PdCl2(PPh3)2–PPh3–AlCl3 has the highest catalytic activity in the reactions studied. It was found that the reaction of hydroalkoxycarbonylation of octene-1 proceeds with the formation of a mixture of linear (ethyl ester of pelargonic acid) and branched (ethyl ester of 2-methylcaprylic acid) products. The influence of the ratio of initial reagents (different olefins and alcohols) and components of catalytic systems (different Pd complexes, ligands, and promoters) on the course of the process has been investigated, in which the conversion of octene-1 reached 88.5%. The optimal parameters of the reactions studied were determined.
Linguistic modality acts in existential semiotics: the epistemological turn from “being-in-the-world” awareness to “lived-through-world” experience
Authors: Wąsik Zdzisław
Published: November 2023

Against the background of deliberations about the conception of worldhood as developed in existential semiotics on the basis of linguistic modality acts, this paper proposes merging mundane and transcendentalist phenomenology with epistemology as a theory of knowledge, in general, that alludes to pragmatic sources of human knowledge about the world, in particular. From the epistemological perspective, the reality of the human “life-world” is considered not only as a static position of the individual subject’s being-in-the-world, but also as his/her/its experience of living-the-world or things-of-the-world. Against the background of epistemology, defined in terms of ontological and gnoseological assessments pertaining to the knowledge of how things exist and how they are cognitively accessible, and epistemology as an activity of acquiring knowledge about an object of cognition, the author puts forward a hypothetical deductive scaffold of the linguistically and phenomenologically rooted documentary epistemology of practice, which refers to the practicing researchers’ knowledge as a set of texts created for the purposes of communicating in the first person about the awareness of lived word-ness and lived sign-ness of the transmedial and multimodal means and ways of how the world is perceived.
Correlations of confectionary seed traits in different head zones sunflower
Authors: Vedmedeva Katerina , Nosal Olena , Poliakova Iryna , Machova Tatiana
Published: November 2023

It is proposed to study the qualities of sunflower seeds in three zones of location in the head. Moderate negative correlations of the sign of the number of lateral heads (branching) in sunflower lines from the mass of 1000 seeds, the number of rows, seeds in a row, the total number of seeds and the diameter of the head were established (r = −0.5 to −0.53* on the Chedokk scale). The dependence of the number of seeds in the head on its size was confirmed (r = 0.83). In particular, we obtained a high positive correlation between the signs of the number of rows in the head and the number of seeds in the row with the size of the head (0.71 and 0.72). It was established that the mass of 1000 seeds of the first tier has correlations with the number of seeds in a row and the number of rows (r = 0.32 and 0.39), which are attributed only to the group of noticeable ones. This indicates the possibility of combining in one plant a large number and size of seeds in the head. It was found that changes in the size and weight of the seeds in the head by zone occur in hybrids and lines gradually, while the variety shows only a slight decrease in the size and weight of the seeds in the third zone. The largest quantity and the best confectionary quality of seeds was provided by the Zaporizhzhya Confectionery variety. In hybrids, the output of seeds weighing 90–80 g from one head reached only 1000 pieces. The potential to increase the number of seeds in heads in hybrids is present, but the size of the seeds is critical. With the available average weight of 1000 seeds: 90 g in the best maternal line and 70 in the best paternal line, the hybrids only approached the 100 g mark.
Model-order reduction for hyperbolic relaxation systems
Authors: Grundel Sara , Herty Michael
Published: November 2023

We propose a novel framework for model-order reduction of hyperbolic differential equations. The approach combines a relaxation formulation of the hyperbolic equations with a discretization using shifted base functions. Model-order reduction techniques are then applied to the resulting system of coupled ordinary differential equations. On computational examples including in particular the case of shock waves we show the validity of the approach and the performance of the reduced system.
From synthesis to biological impact of palladium bis(benzimidazol-2-ylidene) complexes: Preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial and scavenging activity
Authors: Amri Nasser , Mukhrish Yousef E. , Özdemir Ismail , Gürbüz Nevin , Arfaoui Youssef , Mansour Lamjed , Gatri Rafik , Beji Lotfi , Hamdi Naceur
Published: November 2023

Palladium-based complexes with the ligand N-heterocyclic carbene have long received attention as active catalysts for many catalytic reactions. Recently, the biological activities of these air- and moisture-stable complexes have also been investigated. In our work, bis(benzimidazol-2-ylidene)palladium complexes 3a–d were synthesized by reacting benzimidazolium salts 2a–d with PdCl2 under reflux in tetrahydrofuran for 24 h and analyzed by spectroscopy (FT-IR [Fourier transform infrared], 1H NMR [proton nuclear magnetic resonance]) characterization, 13C NMR [carbon-13 (C13) nuclear magnetic resonance]), and elemental analysis. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of these complexes were studied against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, and two different fungi showed their remarkable biological potential. In addition, the analysis of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals using spectrophotometry showed that they are an antioxidant. The potent antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the synthetic complexes suggest that they are more effective antibacterial agents. Our study extends the biological relevance of palladium bis(benzimidazol-2-ylidene) complexes with antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Furthermore, the main goal of the docking simulation is to provide a detailed analysis of the interaction between the complex and the protein of interest.
Prediction of lap shear strength of GNP and TiO2/epoxy nanocomposite adhesives
Authors: Ozankaya Görkem , Asmael Mohammed , Alhijazi Mohamad , Safaei Babak , Alibar Mohamed Yasin , Arman Samaneh , Kotrasova Kamila , Kvocak Vincent , Weissova Michala , Zeeshan Qasim , Hui David
Published: November 2023

In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and titanium dioxide nanofillers were added to epoxy resin P-5005 at five different weight percentages (wt%), viz., 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%. The tensile properties of the nanocomposites were experimentally tested following ASTM D638-14. Then, the above-mentioned nanocomposites were applied as adhesives for an overlap joint of two A5055 aluminum sheets. The apparent shear strength behavior of joints was tested following ASTM D1002-01. Moreover, experimentally obtained results were applied to train and test machine learning and deep learning models, i.e., adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, support vector machine, multiple linear regression, and artificial neural network (ANN). The peak tensile strength (TS) and joint failure load (FL) values were observed in epoxy/GNP samples. The ANN model exhibited the least error in predicting the TS and FL of the considered nanocomposites. The epoxy/GNP nanocomposites exhibited the highest TS of 28.49 MPa at 1 wt%, and the peak overlap joints exhibited an FL of 3.69 kN at 15 wt%.
Tailoring of optical band gap in carbon-doped TiO2 nanofibers
Authors: Arshad Javeria , Ahmed Muqarrab , Anwar Nadia , Irfan Shaheen , Iram Nazia , Nowsherwan Ghazi Aman , Khalid Rabia , Anwar Bushra , Anwar Fouzia
Published: November 2023

The study intended to enhance the visible light activity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) by doping it with carbon, thereby reducing its effective band gap. Carbon-doped TiO2 nanofibers were synthesized using a simple electrospinning process. The prepared samples were then characterized to investigate their properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of the rutile phase of TiO2 in the nanofibers. The XRD pattern exhibited maximum peak intensity at the highest temperature used during synthesis, indicating that the temperature influenced the crystalline structure of the nanofibers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to examine the morphology of the nanofibers. The results revealed that as temperature increased, the diameter of the nanofibers decreased. The XRF (X-ray Fluorescence) results indicate the atomic composition of carbon-doped TiO2 nanofibers. UV–vis spectroscopy was performed to evaluate the optical properties of the carbon-doped TiO2 nanofibers. The results demonstrated a shift of the optical band towards the visible region. Moreover, the carbon doping reduced the effective band gap, resulting in improved visible light activity of the TiO2 material. These results have significant implications for potential applications of carbon-doped TiO2 nanofibers in various fields, such as photocatalysis and solar energy conversion.
The Effects and Reproducibility of 10, 20, and 30% Velocity Loss Thresholds on Acute and Short-Term Fatigue and Recovery Responses
Authors: Weakley Jonathon , Johnston Rich D. , Cowley Nicholas , Wood Tandia , Ramirez-Lopez Carlos , McMahon Eric , García-Ramos Amador
Published: November 2023

Weakley, J, Johnston, RD, Cowley, N, Wood, T, Ramirez-Lopez, C, McMahon, E, and García-Ramos, A. The effects and reproducibility of 10, 20, and 30% velocity loss thresholds on acute and short-term fatigue and recovery responses.J Strength Cond ResXX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study aimed to establish the effects and reproducibility of implementing 10, 20, and 30% velocity loss thresholds (VLTs) during the free-weight barbell back squat on acute and short-term perceived soreness, neuromuscular fatigue, and physical performance. Using a repeated, counterbalanced, crossover design, 12 team-sport athletes completed on separate sessions 5 sets of the free-weight barbell back-squat until reaching VLTs of either 10, 20, or 30%. Outcomes were measured immediately postexercise and 24 hourS after each session. To assess reproducibility, the same sessions were repeated after 4 weeks. Immediately postexercise,smalldifferences in countermovement jump (CMJ) and 10-m sprint performance were observed between VLT conditions, whereassmalltomoderatedifferences in differential ratings of perceived exertion were reported (10% < 20% < 30%). At 24 hours,trivialdifferences in CMJ outcomes were found butsmalldifferences in 10-m sprint performance were detected between conditions (10% < 20% < 30%). In addition, at 24 hours, a singlesmalldifference in radial deformation using tensiomyography was found between 10 and 30% conditions, whereaslargetovery largedifferences in perceived soreness were reported between conditions (10% < 20% < 30%). Finally, the standard error of measurement of all outcome measures at 24 hours were of a similar magnitude to those reported in tightly controlled, short-term studies. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that VLTs help control the fatigue outcomes that occur as a response to resistance training and that they are reproducible. Therefore, for practitioners who wish to prescribe resistance training and be confident in the subsequent fatigue response, it is strongly advised that VLTs are implemented.
Responses to Pattern-Violating Visual Stimuli Evolve Differently Over Days in Somata and Distal Apical Dendrites
Authors: Gillon Colleen J. , Pina Jason E. , Lecoq Jérôme A. , Ahmed Ruweida , Billeh Yazan N. , Caldejon Shiella , Groblewski Peter , Henley Timothy M. , Kato India , Lee Eric , Luviano Jennifer , Mace Kyla , Nayan Chelsea , Nguyen Thuyanh V. , North Kat , Perkins Jed , Seid Sam , Valley Matthew T. , Williford Ali , Bengio Yoshua , Lillicrap Timothy P. , Richards Blake A. , Zylberberg Joel
Published: November 2023

Scientists have long conjectured that the neocortex learns patterns in sensory data to generate top-down predictions of upcoming stimuli. In line with this conjecture, different responses to pattern-matching vs pattern-violating visual stimuli have been observed in both spiking and somatic calcium imaging data. However, it remains unknown whether these pattern-violation signals are different between the distal apical dendrites, which are heavily targeted by top-down signals, and the somata, where bottom-up information is primarily integrated. Furthermore, it is unknown how responses to pattern-violating stimuli evolve over time as an animal gains more experience with them. Here, we address these unanswered questions by analyzing responses of individual somata and dendritic branches of layer 2/3 and layer 5 pyramidal neurons tracked over multiple days in primary visual cortex of awake, behaving female and male mice. We use sequences of Gabor patches with patterns in their orientations to create pattern-matching and pattern-violating stimuli, and two-photon calcium imaging to record neuronal responses. Many neurons in both layers show large differences between their responses to pattern-matching and pattern-violating stimuli. Interestingly, these responses evolve in opposite directions in the somata and distal apical dendrites, with somata becoming less sensitive to pattern-violating stimuli and distal apical dendrites more sensitive. These differences between the somata and distal apical dendrites may be important for hierarchical computation of sensory predictions and learning, since these two compartments tend to receive bottom-up and top-down information, respectively.
Microglial Refinement of A-Fiber Projections in the Postnatal Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn Is Required for Normal Maturation of Dynamic Touch
Authors: Xu Yajing , Koch Stephanie C. , Chamessian Alexander , He Qianru , Sundukova Mayya , Heppenstall Paul , Ji RuRong , Fitzgerald Maria , Beggs Simon
Published: November 2023

Sensory systems are shaped in postnatal life by the refinement of synaptic connectivity. In the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, somatosensory circuits undergo postnatal activity-dependent reorganization, including the refinement of primary afferent A-fiber terminals from superficial to deeper spinal dorsal horn laminae which is accompanied by decreases in cutaneous sensitivity. Here, we show in the mouse that microglia, the resident immune cells in the CNS, phagocytose A-fiber terminals in superficial laminae in the first weeks of life. Genetic perturbation of microglial engulfment during the initial postnatal period in either sex prevents the normal process of A-fiber refinement and elimination, resulting in an altered sensitivity of dorsal horn cells to dynamic tactile cutaneous stimulation, and behavioral hypersensitivity to dynamic touch. Thus, functional microglia are necessary for the normal postnatal development of dorsal horn sensory circuits. In the absence of microglial engulfment, superfluous A-fiber projections remain in the dorsal horn, and the balance of sensory connectivity is disrupted, leading to lifelong hypersensitivity to dynamic touch.
The Sound of Good and Evil in Final Fantasy VII
Authors: Kizzire Jessica
Published: November 2023

Since its release in 1997, Square’s Final Fantasy VII has captivated audiences with its science fiction plot and rich characters. Like many video games, it presents a story about the forces of good and evil, played out through the protagonists and antagonists of the game. Throughout the story, musical character themes reinforce and enhance the struggle between good and evil taking place in the narrative. Drawing on Peter Brian Barry’s theory of evil known as the mirror thesis, this article views the character themes associated with Aerith and Sephiroth as representative of the moral extremes of good and evil, respectively. After framing the narrative and characters through the lens of the mirror thesis, I perform a close reading of Sephiroth and Aerith’s musical themes and backstories. The analysis demonstrates how Sephiroth represents the moral extreme of evil personhood, while Aerith represents the extreme of moral sainthood. The article concludes with a discussion of how these musical themes occur in relation to each other during significant moments of narrative conflict, particularly during Aerith’s death scene and the final cinematics of the game.
Ceniza de cáscara de coco como susituto del cemento: efecto de la temperatura de calcinación
Authors: Cossio-Mena Ceiler Fabian , Williams-Urango Eliana , Palacios-Mosquera Dissy Giselle , Arbelaez-Perez Oscar Felipe
Published: November 2023

La disposición de la cáscara de coco es un problema de eliminación de desechos en países donde la producción de coco es abundante. Cuando la cáscara de coco se calcina produce cenizas, las cuales son un material aglutinante potencial para preparar hormigón. En este trabajo se calcinó cáscara de coco a 400°C, 500°C y 600 °C durante 3 h. Las cenizas producidas se emplearon como sustituto del cemento. Las características de las cenizas se evaluaron por área superficial y DRX. El efecto de la sustitución de las cenizas como sustituto del cemento se evaluó mediante ensayos de trabajabilidad y resistencia mecánica. Los resultados experimentales demostraron que 600 °C es la temperatura de combustión más adecuada para la calcinación de la cascara, con presencia de SiO2 amorfo y baja superficial alta. Los resultados mostraron que, en contraste con el hormigón de referencia, la temperatura de combustión disminuye la trabajabilidad del concreto. Además, el aumento de la temperatura de calcinación de la cáscara de coco mejora la resistencia mecánica. La resistencia a compresión de la mezcla que incorporó cenizas de cáscara de coco calcinadas a 600 °C fue superior a las demás. Se encontró adicionalmente que esta temperatura era convincente considerando el costo de preparar las cenizas.
Plastic versus Glass: a view of the life cycle of the two controversial materials
Authors: Naranjo Silva Sebastián
Published: November 2023

Since the last few years, the practices of reuse and repair products to extend their useful life and reduce waste generation gained interaction. As well as strongly promoting recycling, maximizing the materials industrialization to convert waste into new resources. Therefore, two controversial materials are currently discussed (Glass and Plastic). In 2020, 385 million tons of Plastic were produced globally, compared to 143 million tons of Glass. In 2020, the per capita consumption of Glass was 32 kg yearly, compared to Plastic at 105 kg yearly. However, the manuscript aims to discuss the use of Plastic versus Glass to learn about each material, its benefits, and disadvantages to make a perspective criticism. The methodology is investigative collecting from investigation articles statistics from 2017 to 2022. The results show that the choice between Glass or Plastic depends on very particular factors, such as the specific application in which it is required and the manufacturer's or end user's preferences.
Moreover, it is important to highlight that, compared to Plastics, Glass has fewer negative impacts on climate change since it has a lower carbon footprint. However, a comprehensive approach is required to minimize the Glass effects on climate change due to its high energy consumption, including efficient production practices. It is recommended that each country define market statistics for the recovery, recycling, and industrialization of Glass, Plastic, and other items such as cardboard, paper, and aluminum cans to promote waste recovery and prevent surrounding pollution globally.
Redakcinė kolegija
Authors: Štikonas Artūras
Published: November 2023

Editorial Board
Population decline: Towards a rational, scientific research agenda
Authors: Brzozowska Zuzanna , Zhelenkova Ekaterina , Gietel-Basten Stuart
Published: November 2023

While the global population continues to rise, many regions are experiencing population decline due to low fertility, outmigration or, most often, a combination of the two trends – and many more are forecast to do so in the future. Economic and demographic theories have so far been unable to offer an unambiguous prediction regarding the consequences of population decline. The 2023 volume of the Vienna Yearbook, “The causes and consequences of depopulation”, provides a wide variety of perspectives on population decline, illustrating that it is a highly multifaceted issue, and that there are no simple theoretical or empirical applications for understanding its causes and consequences, or the potential responses to it. The Debate contributions provide a broader viewof and reflections on population decline, while also highlighting the benefits and opportunities associated with it, and ways to manage population changes globally. In contrast, the research articles tend to focus on the challenges of shrinking population that are experienced at a local level. This Introduction gives an overview of the contributions in this volume and the different perspectives they offer.
Augurio de nostálgica despedida: situación de enfermería bajo la teoría de Swanson
Authors:   Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia., Gómez Domínguez Wendy Johana , Guerrero de Caballero Helena ,   Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia.
Published: November 2023

Introducción: Se narra una experiencia donde el sujeto de cuidado es una enfermera pionera de la disciplina de la Enfermería en Colombia, quien recibió atención de una egresada y una colega, en donde se vivencia cada momento de la atención y el crecimiento para la persona cuidada y cuidadoras. Objetivo: Comprender la importancia del cuidado de enfermería para el paciente y la enfermera a través de la narración y análisis de una situación de enfermería. Materiales y Métodos: El análisis se centra en los conceptos del metaparadigma, la visión del mundo de enfermería, los patrones de conocimiento y la teoría de rango medio de los cuidados de Kristen Swanson, los resultados se visibilizan en la relación enfermera-paciente, en el proceso de enfermería, en la consecución de la integridad, curación, sanación y en la vivencia de la nostálgica despedida de la paciente. Conclusión: La narración de enfermería es relevante para la teoría, práctica e investigación, porque a través de ella el profesional de enfermería da a conocer eventos que vivencian el quehacer diario y visibiliza los cuidados brindados en interacción con el otro, lo que permite aportar a la evolución del conocimiento de la disciplina.
Kultura dziedziczona, nabywana i indywidualnie kształtowana w wybranych twórczych biografiach
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Nikitorowicz Jerzy
Published: November 2023

The problem of identity forming is presented in the article on selected examples of creative biographies. The author points out how important in this process is the inherited culture, shaped in the family home and in the local environment. He also indicates how difficult the process of integration with the culture is when this culture is acquired in state educational institutions, conducting an internal dialogue to create an individual culture of being, achieving goals and values in positive freedom and civil disobedience. In the presented creative biographies, the author draws attention to the awareness of experiences and experiences in each of the cultures, to the ability and skill to resolve conflicts, negotiate, reconcile values, patterns, norms in the constant process of identity forming. The author draws attention to the development of a reflective identity project, conscious and responsible choices of content from each culture, the existential theme of the joy of living, being in harmony with oneself, which is particularly important in intercultural education.
Plany życiowe mieszkańców pogranicza polsko-czeskiego na tle porównawczym
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania i Administracji w Opolu, Śliwa Sławomir
Published: November 2023

The article concerns a part of the research carried out among learners and university students from the Polish-Czech border area (Prudnik, Nysa and Opole counties on the Polish side and Moravian-Czech district on the Czech side) within the Pradziad Euroregion Project. The theoretical aim of the project was to get to know the lifestyle and quality of life of the inhabitants of the Czech-Polish border area, their life plans and identity, as regards the activities of the Pradziad Euroregion, as well as the knowledge of young borderland inhabitants about the life and problems of their neighbours from abroad. The practical aim of the project was to raise awareness of the role of quality of life for the functioning of the society by popularising the issue (conferences, publications) and the possibility of enriching the knowledge of these young inhabitants. This article presents only the part of the research that deals with respondents’ opinions on life plans in the context of the Polish-Czech borderland. The analysis was focused on one of the specific questions of the research: What are the life plans of pupils and university students from the Polish-Czech borderland? The research results refer to the declarations related to plans to stay in the homeland, perceptions of the respondents’ place of residence, or perceptions of the different qualities of their own towns and countries. In the data analysis, statistical methods related to testing the statistical significance of differences between variables with the Chi-square test (x2) were applied.
Strategie radzenia sobie ze stresem, poczucie odczuwanego stresu i ocena ryzyka depresji w grupie studentów „Uniwersytetu Pogranicza”
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Konaszewski Karol , Kwadrans Łukasz ,   Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach, Muszyńska Jolanta ,   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Skalski-Bednarz Sebastian Binyamin ,   Akademia Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Warszawie, Surzykiewicz Janusz ,   Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between coping strategies, perceived stress and depression risk assessment in a group of students in the Polish-Czech borderland. 173 students from the University of Silesia participated in the study. The participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale and the Multidimensional Inventory for Measuring Coping with Stress. The correlation analysis showed that strategies described as adaptive (e.g., active coping, positive reappraisal and development) are negatively related to the perceived stress and severity of depressive symptoms. In contrast, strategies that can be described as non-adaptive (e.g., disengagement, denial) presented opposite (i.e., positive) relationship effects with the perceived stress and depressiveness. In the light of the obtained data, it seems that the repertoire of coping methods presented by individuals to deal with stress may be reflected in their perception of situations as aggravating and in their assessment of the risk of depression. Thus, future psychopedagogical interventions should focus on building personal resources by shaping adaptive (and minimizing those nonadaptive) coping strategies to improve mental health among borderland students.
Literatura dla dzieci uwrażliwiająca na sytuacje zagrożenia wykluczeniem – wybór i implikacje pedagogiczne
Authors:   Wydział Nauk o Edukacji Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Józefowicz Anna
Published: November 2023

Children’s literature of the last decade of the 21st century presents a number of narratives that show the need to be attentive to numerous situations that threaten to exclude a person from certain social groups. These books can be described as particularly sensitive to harm of the neighbour. The aim of the article is to show the fate of literary heroes in selected children’s books, in which they directly or indirectly face the problem of discrimination and social exclusion. The situations that I would like to draw attention to are: homelessness of another person, poverty, exile. My goal is achieved by analyzing selected children’s literature of both Polish and foreign (mainly Swedish) writers. The text is composed of two parts. In the first, I present the existing state of knowledge in social sciences and humanities on social exclusion and the process of non-existence, in the second part of the text, I present conclusions from the content analysis of selected children’s literature. Each of the books selected for analysis can function in the early school readership as close to the ideas of intercultural education and philosophy of dialogue.
Nowe obywatelstwo i patriotyzm na pograniczu kultur: międzykulturowy kontekst
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Szerląg Alicja J.
Published: November 2023

The cultural diversification of states deconstructs the model of a homogenous national community, yet it requires the maintenance of the stability of democratic institutions in a situation where culturally different citizens are increasingly resistant to forced assimilation and subjugation. A multicultural state must actively protect the cultural identities of its citizens. Some dilemmas arise in the understanding of citizenship and patriotism, for which state multiculturalism and interculturalism at the level of an individual citizen become contextual references. Therefore, the subject of this article is the different types of new citizenship and patriotism, with model approaches to them. The author exposes multiculturalism, revealing the new citizenship and intercultural connotations of patriotism. She looks at these categories from a cultural borderland perspective. With reference to the pillars of coexistence identified on the basis of empirical research in this borderland, the author conceptualizes intercultural citizenship and patriotism. She also points to their multidimensional nature with an intercultural connotation. The author sees them as integrating factors of a culturally diverse society. Their national-cultural, identity, and community provenance gives an intercultural character to the integration process. Integration conceived in this way fosters the evolution of the nation-state into a heterogeneous national community operating within its borders.
Skauting i harcerstwo a idea międzykulturowości i edukacji w warunkach zróżnicowania kulturowego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Grzybowski Przemysław P. , Marszałek Katarzyna ,   Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy
Published: November 2023

The Scout and Polish Scouting movement is characterized by the possibility of meeting and cooperation of people from different backgrounds and cultures. A natural thing for this social movement is daily confrontation with Otherness/ Alienness in conditions of cultural diversity and undertaking various forms of educational activity based on the idea of interculturalism. The study presents some partial results of a research project devoted to the content referring to the idea of interculturalism and education in the conditions of cultural diversity, present in the program studies of the scouting movement. These studies contribute to the historical trend of intercultural pedagogy and the history of education in the context of ideological assumptions and activities of children and youth organizations. The article contains a description of the applied conceptual categories and the characteristics of the precursors and the contemporary scouting movement. In a chronological order, it presents a selection of examples of the content of scouting program studies that are related to the idea of interculturalism and intercultural education.
A comparative study of telephone and face-to-face use of phone screening interview for autistic spectrum disorder symptoms (PSI-ASD)
Authors: Costa Laryssa Siqueira Couto da Cunha Heckert Alves da , Charchat-Fichman Helenice , Fernandes Conceição Santos , Cruz Lucas Villar Magalhães da , Silva Fábio Mello Barbirato Nascimento , Dias Gabriela Macedo
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe reliabilities evidence of the Phone Screening Interview (PSI), a telephone screening interview for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms, capable of investigating mild to moderate ASD symptoms. Moreover, the PSI also works for verbal and non-verbal children and is consistent with the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Methods: An interview was performed with sixty-eight parents of children between 2 and 15 years old attended by the Psychiatry Ambulatory of Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Rio de Janeiro through the PSI in person and by telephone. Results: No significant differences in comparison between averages of the total score of the face-to-face and telephone applications were observed. The agreement analysis between the items indicated three items with lower values, leading to the modification of some questions, culminating in a new interview version for further studies. Given the disagreement in the values found, the order of application of the interviews seems to not impact the results, demonstrating strong correlations between both interviews, even with a different order of application. Aiming to facilitate the use of the scale by different examiners, the interobserver reliability was investigated, which did not show significant differences in the means. Conclusion: The study suggests that the telephone interview can be used similarly to the face-to-face interview, by different evaluators, with no impact on its efficiency in detecting ASD symptoms.
Impacto do perfil ocupacional, saúde mental e religiosidade sobre depressão, ansiedade e estresse de profissionais de saúde na pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Miranda Kamila Silva de , Santos Leonardo Daniel Reis , Almeida Neto Omar Pereira de , Raponi Maria Beatriz Guimarães , Scalia Luana Araújo Macedo
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a influência de variáveis ocupacionais e de saúde mental, religiosidade e estresse pós-traumático (TEPT) sobre depressão, ansiedade e estresse em profissionais de saúde da linha de frente da COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo observacional e seccional, realizado em hospital universitário no interior de Minas Gerais, com 151 profissionais de saúde atuantes na linha de frente da COVID-19. Utilizaram-se questionários de caracterização sociodemográfica, ocupacional e de saúde mental; religiosidade (P-DUREL); TEPT (PCL-C) e rastreio de depressão, ansiedade e estresse (DASS-21). Análises descritiva, bivariada e regressão linear múltipla foram empregadas. Resultados: Houve predomínio de participantes de sexo feminino, de cor branca, católicos, casados, de nível superior completo, com filhos, sedentários e sem histórico de doenças crônicas ou psiquiátricas. A minoria apresentou sintomas da COVID-19, teste positivo ou necessidade de isolamento. A maioria teve privação do contato com familiares e não recebeu suporte psicológico/psiquiátrico. A maioria apresentou sintomas leves ou mínimos de depressão (68,2%), ansiedade (64,9%) ou estresse (69,5%). A prevalência de sintomas de TEPT foi de 17,2%. Transtornos psiquiátricos diagnosticados previamente e presença de sintomas de TEPT foram associados a sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse atuais. Escores baixos de religiosidade intrínseca foram associados a escores altos de depressão, e o sexo feminino foi associado a maiores escores de depressão e estresse. Conclusões: Durante a pandemia, sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse foram comuns nessa amostra de profissionais de saúde. Os fatores associados a esses sintomas podem ser utilizados para identificar profissionais vulneráveis que precisem de suporte psicológico/psiquiátrico.
FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS AND PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH CONDITIONS AND FAMILY SUPPORT IN CARE
Authors: Sartori Ivanize Fátima Giongo , Almeida Neto Honor de , Hirdes Alice
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the existence of overload in family caregivers of older adults in the physical and psychological health and family support dimensions. Method: a qualitative study conducted with 23 participants from Dianópolis, Tocantins, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews in September 2022. Data analysis was performed using content analysis in Minayo’s thematic modality, which includes ordering, classification and final analysis of data. Results: the results show that the exercised role of caregiver is related to social representation, which is enhanced: by the context, cultural and family values; by the naturalization of the role of women as caregivers; by increasing the burden due to excessive responsibility and lack of support from other family members; and by the presence of psychological symptoms overlapping physical symptoms in caregivers. Conclusion: it is concluded that the support of professionals is essential to rethink new practices and ways of producing care through individual or collective activities, with a view to preventing caregivers from becoming ill.
ENFERMAGEM E CUIDADO PALIATIVO ONCOLÓGICO EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA (2005 - 2006)
Authors: Paiva Carolina Fraga , Silva Camila Pureza Guimarães da , Santos Tânia Cristina Franco , Augusto Patrícia dos Santos , Ennes Lilian Dias , Almeida Filho Antonio José de
Published: November 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as estratégias empreendidas pelos enfermeiros do Hospital do Câncer IV para atuar em conformidade com as diretrizes da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Método: estudo histórico e qualitativo realizado no Hospital do Câncer IV, unidade de referência e exclusiva de cuidados paliativos do Instituto Nacional de Câncer. A coleta de dados incluiu documentos escritos e seis depoimentos orais e foi realizada no período de agosto de 2020 a agosto de 2022. Os achados do estudo foram organizados e analisados em conformidade com o método histórico, que comportou a triangulação das fontes escritas, orais e o contexto em que foram produzidas. Resultados: a partir das referências do St. Christopher’s hospice e com o apoio do Grupo de Humanização da Unidade, as estratégias empreendidas pelos enfermeiros e evidenciadas nesta pesquisa foram: ampliação do Projeto de Capelania hospitalar e da Sala do Silêncio; investimentos em cursos de pós-graduação; capacitação profissional e cursos de atualização técnico-científica, na unidade e em outras instituições; participação em eventos, como organizadores, palestrantes e ouvintes; e atuação na Residência de Enfermagem. Conclusão: os enfermeiros empreenderam eficazes estratégias no campo da enfermagem oncológica, por meio da consolidação e difusão do conhecimento especializado em enfermagem oncológica no Brasil.