bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Limón no es solo ‘patty’ y ‘rice and beans’”: Elementos que componen la cultura afrocostarricense
Authors: Hutchinson Miller Carmen
Published: August 2020

Within Costa Rican society, a reduced vision of Afro-Costa Rican culture limited it to the culinary of rice and beans, patí (an empanada filled with spiced meat), and the so-called Calypso music. This Afro culture in Limón, Costa Rica, is a heritage of Afro-Caribbean immigrants from the late 19th century. The Afro-Costa Rican culture of the 21st century has inherited elements from these immigrants, particularly the Jamaicans. This article aims to provide a historical approach to achieve two objectives: first, to verify how many of these elements of immigrant culture have been preserved; and second, to contribute to the United Nations declaration of the Decade of Afro-descendants (2015-2024) by conducting research focused on the Afro community. For this purpose, primary sources used were the oral history of two Afro-Costa Ricans born in the mid-20 century, and general information a Jamaican provided through e-mails for a more contemporary view of Jamaica's culture. Some 20th-century newspapers were also reviewed, as well as other publications related to the subject. Among the principal conclusions drawn, the study highlighted the persistence of elements typical of Afro-Caribbean immigrant groups' culture in the 20th century's turn. Besides, it is evident the modification of the culinary traditions adapted to the current society, as well as other inherited cultural elements, which currently deserve recognition from this Afro-Costa Rican culture that has important cultural elements that should be appreciated and preserved.
Neurociencia y ejercicio: un indicador de salud y aprendizaje en el contexto educativo
Authors: Peña-Troncoso Sebastián , Toro-Arévalo Sergio , Osses-Bustingorry Sonia , Beltrán-Véliz Juan Carlos , Navarro-Aburto Braulio
Published: August 2020

En los últimos años, la neurociencia ha demostrado los beneficios particulares y globales del ejercicio y de la vida activa en la salud de los escolares, ya que enriquecen las redes neuronales, la plasticidad y producción de neurotransmisores que favorecen distintos dominios del comportamiento y condición humana. En este contexto, el objetivo del ensayo es dialogar en función de la importancia de una vida activa en el contexto educativo y de una disciplina que no solo cumple un rol a nivel cerebral o morfofuncional,sino más bien multidimensional, que emerge desde el nivel molecular, celular, cerebral, sistémico, psicológico y social. Por ello, una de las principales conclusiones tiene que ver con la posibilidad de permitir a los y las estudiantes que sean capaces de comprender y reflexionar en función de sus procesos vitales, que posibilitan sus aprendizajes como un continuo armónico entre la organicidad y la cultura, entre vida y lenguaje.
Traducción y adaptación cultural del cuestionario exercise fear avoidance scale para su uso en adultos mayores chilenos
Authors: Merellano-Navarro Eugenio , Collado-Mateo Daniel , Baeza-Martínez Luis , García-Rubio Javier , Santos Juan M , Olivares Pedro R
Published: August 2020

Objetivo Traducir y adaptar culturalmente el cuestionario Exercise Fear Avoidance Scale (EFAS) al español para su uso en adultos mayores chilenos.Materiales y Métodos Doble traducción directa con armonización de versiones, retro-traducción y análisis de la comprensibilidad mediante entrevistas cognitivas. En el proceso de entrevistas cognitivas participaron 20 adultos mayores con edades comprendidas entre 63 y 83 años.Resultados Todos los ítems fueron evaluados como claros y comprensibles. Mediante la técnica de parafraseo e indagación 3 ítems (de un total de 16) se tuvieron que adaptar para lograr una mejor comprensión. Dos de estas adaptaciones consistieron en reemplazar un concepto por uno más utilizado en el contexto chileno y otra modificación fue en relación con la redacción, puesto que su lectura resultaba compleja para esta población.Conclusiones Se obtuvo una versión en español del cuestionario EFAS, la cual demostró ser comprensible y adaptada para su uso en adultos mayores chilenos.
Characteristics related to fish consumption and the risk of ichthyozoonosis in a Colombian population
Authors: Castellanos-Garzon Jenniffer Alejandra , Daschner Alvaro , Pustovrh Maria , Cuellar Carmen
Published: August 2020

Objective This study aimed to determine the dietary habits related to fish consumption and the risk factors associated with acquiring an ichthyo-zoonotic disease.Materials and Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out by means of a structured survey administered to 150 individuals in the city of Cali, Colombia.Results Epidemiological variables regarding fish consumption and preparation were contrasted with the medical records of the respondents. The median fish consumption in the surveyed population was three times a month, with raw or salted/marinated fish once a month. A positive correlation between fish consumption and allergic conditions was confirmed. There was no infectious or parasitic history associated with the data on fish consumption.Conclusions A relationship between fish consumption and allergies was confirmed. Further research is necessary to establish the possible pathogens associated with hypersensitivity, such as parasites of the Anisakidae family.
Relación entre determinantes sociales de salud y perfil de funcionamiento de personas con discapacidad del municipio Los Patios, Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Vanegas-Sáenz Hector Daniel , Soto-Céspedes Juan C. , Sánchez-Frank José V.
Published: August 2020

Objetivo Analizar la relación de los determinantes sociales en salud con el perfil de funcionamiento de personas con discapacidad del municipio Los Patios, Norte de Santander.Método A una muestra de 246 personas con algún tipo de discapacidad del municipio Los Patios, Norte de Santander, bajo selección no probabilística intencionada, se administraron los instrumentos denominados Registro para la Localización y Caracterización de Personas con Discapacidad (RLPCD) y el del perfil de funcionamiento según la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud (CIF), para identificar los determinantes sociales de salud y el perfil de funcionamiento, y determinar su relación.Resultados La muestra se caracterizó por un mayor porcentaje de hombres con discapacidad (60,2%), en relación con las mujeres (39,8%), residentes en estratos socioeconómicos 1,2 y 3 y grupos etarios entre 5 y 93 años, con un alto porcentaje que no recibe algún tipo de ingreso (79,2%). Las principales discapacidades que presentaron fueron de movilidad y su grado de funcionamiento se ubicó entre no deficiencia y deficiencia moderada, con una relación de dependencia con los determinantes sociales de salud.Conclusiones El estudio muestra evidente relación entre los determinantes sociales y el perfil de funcionamiento de personas con discapacidad. Género, nivel de escolaridad, ingresos y estrato socioeconómico son elementos que determinan el grado de funcionalidad de individuos con discapacidad. Estos factores se deben considerar cuando se desarrollan políticas públicas orientadas al beneficio de este tipo de población; Tenerlos en cuenta podría garantizar el éxito en la aplicación de las políticas diseñadas.
Modelo SIR de la pandemia de Covid-19 en Colombia
Authors: Manrique-Abril Fred G. , Agudelo-Calderon Carlos A. , González-Chordá Víctor M. , Gutiérrez-Lesmes Oscar , Téllez-Piñerez Cristian F. , Herrera-Amaya Giomar
Published: August 2020

Objetivo Desarrollar un modelo SIR pronóstico de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el territorio colombiano.Métodos Se utilizó un modelo SIR con enfoque determinístico para pronosticar el desarrollo de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Colombia. Los estados considerados fueron susceptibles (S), infecciosos (i) y recuperados o fallecidos (R). Los datos poblacionales se obtuvieron del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de estadística Proyecciones de Población 2018-2020, difundida en enero de 2020) y los datos sobre casos diarios confirmados de COVID-19 del Instituto Nacional de Salud. Se plantearon diferentes modelos variando el número básico de reproducción (R0).Resultados A partir de los casos reportados por el Ministerio de Salud se crearon cuatro ambientes o escenarios simulados en un modelo SIR epidemiológico, se extendieron las series de tiempo hasta el 30 de mayo, fecha probable del 99% de infección poblacional. Un R0 de 2 es la aproximación más cercana al comportamiento de la pandemia durante los primeros 15 días desde el reporte del caso 0, el peor escenario se daría en la primera semana de abril con un R0 igual a 3.Conclusiones Se hacen necesarias nuevas medidas de mitigación y supresión en las fases de contención y transmisión sostenida, como aumento de la capacidad diagnostica por pruebas y desinfección de zonas pobladas y hogares de aislamiento.
Health workers as Hate Crimes Targets during COVID-19 outbreak in the Americas
Authors: Orellana-Calderón Carlos Iván
Published: August 2020

Many health workers in the Americas, especially women, have been victims of discrimination and different types of grievances during the COVID-19 pandemic. These brief reflections aim to make the problem visible, offer theoretical explanations and some recommendations. The pandemic constitutes a massive crisis that triggers fears and reassuring of diffuse anxieties, which often includes someone to blame. Healthcare workers have become circumstantial scapegoating targets. The inflicted attacks can be understood as reactive hate crimes since they are originated from an allegedly healthy person to an allegedly contaminated person. People seems to incur in a sanitary profiling process based on the health worker´s uniform. However, these expressions of hatred are fueled by pre-pandemic circumstances such as the precariousness of health systems and deficient medical equipment, misogyny, or the pervasiveness of authoritarian tendencies. Understanding this situation as a human rights issue, it is suggested to consider measures in order to discourage these attacks, such as: guaranteeing the appropriate conditions of hospitals and the personal protective equipment of workers; development of recognition campaigns of the healthcare staff and the work they carry out (in particular female nurses); and implementing transitory regulations that sanction any hate crime type attack to health workers or the scientific community. Furthermore, educational advocacy efforts should reiterate basic hygiene measures for the people, but also focus on refuting false and pseudoscientific beliefs that contribute to the fear-induced construction of the health worker as a threat of contagion.
Pandemia de la COVID-19 y las Políticas de Salud Pública en el Perú: marzo-mayo 2020
Authors: Gonzales-Castillo Jorge Ricardo , Varona-Castillo Luis , Dominguez-Morante Moises Germán , Ocaña-Gutierrez Víctor Raul
Published: August 2020

Objetivo El trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la dinámica del comportamiento de la COVID-19 en el Perú, estimar y evaluar el impacto de la política pública de supresión (cuarentena).Métodos El modelo epidemiológico SIR y la estimación con el método de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO).Resultados Se encontró que el número básico de propagación (Ro) cayó de 6,0 a 3,2 habiéndose reducido en 54% por efecto de la estrategia de supresión, y dos meses después cayó a 1,7. Sin embargo, sigue siendo alto y evidencia que aún continúa en expansión el nivel de infectados, con los efectos sociales y económicos adversos que esta medida implica.Conclusión La COVID-19 es una enfermedad que crece exponencialmente, por lo cual, la política de salud basada en la estrategia de supresión ha permitido aplanar la curva de contagio, evitando el colapso del Sistema de Salud.
Cancer: a perspective of human dignity and informed consent from ethics and justice
Authors: García-González Dora E. , Rueda-Romero Xenia Anaid
Published: August 2020

This article attempts to reflect on the importance of thinking in general about illness and about cancer, from an ethical perspective. This approach reveals the central role of personal dignity and the moral relevance that supports the reasons for respecting people. The ethical values that sustain the practice of medicine must aim at uplifting this dignity and seeking situations of justice, since living in a community expresses intersubjectivity that cannot be truncated by illnesses like cancer. Therefore, situations involving poverty cannot justify the lack of health care, and if such lacks occur, they run counter to ethical awareness in the deepest sense and destroy intersubjectivity. As a result, cancer is suffered as a vital experience, in a framework of lives that are lived and are not simply objects of study; those stricken with cancer are individuals who are denied the human right to health, and undergo the elimination of their dignity, the cancelation of justice, and a death sentence. Society is part of these actions and at the same time, suffers from the disappearance of hope.In this sense, the process of informed consent is used as a tool that encourages dialog and understanding between doctors and patients during proper treatment, on a shared path.
O lugar do sujeito contemporâneo no sertão: o tradicional e o moderno em Galileia, de Ronaldo Correia de Brito
Authors: De Medeiros Hayonara Inácia Dantas , Pelinser André Tessaro
Published: August 2020

O regionalismo costuma ser associado pela crítica literária a termos arcaicos e ultrapassados, o que tem influenciado a opinião dos próprios escritores brasileiros. Ao longo do tempo, a crítica tem alimentado visões negativas sobre o regionalismo, ligando-o frequentemente a literaturas de descrição ambiental, a movimentos restritos e ao gosto pelo pitoresco e exótico. Em razão dessa perspectiva que desassocia o regionalismo de uma ficção bem elaborada, os escritores contemporâneos, muitas vezes, negam qualquer relação entre sua obra e esse movimento literário. Por meio deste trabalho, discutimos as formulações do regionalismo contemporâneo presentes na obra de Ronaldo Correia de Brito, bem como as percepções acerca dessa corrente literária veiculadas publicamente pelo autor. Para tanto, são analisados o romance intitulado Galileia e entrevistas concedidas por Correia de Brito. A partir das análises, pode-se compreender que o autor apropria-se da matéria regional, como o espaço do sertão nordestino, e de muitos conhecimentos advindos da cultura popular e característicos dessa região. A obra desenvolve-se a partir de três personagens principais – Adonias, Ismael e Davi –, por meio dos quais o autor põe em cena trânsitos entre espaços periféricos do interior do Brasil e espaços comumente associados a centralidade, fazendo com que emerjam questões relativas à identidade regional. Apesar disso, o autor nega qualquer relação da sua obra com a corrente literária regionalista.
Literaturas da Amazônia: o oriente em Milton Hatoum
Authors: Farias Guedes Borba Nathassia Maria
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a narrativa Relato de um certo Oriente (2008), do manauara Milton Hatoum, vindo a público em 1989. A narrativa de Hatoum é moldadas com base em memórias e deslocamentos, de grupos marginalizados, atrelados a um discurso de formação da Amazônia, a partir do Ciclo da borracha, bem como da emancipação amazônica, no final da década de 1980. Acostados à perspectiva que o romance escolhido para análise é construído a partir da experiência de exílio, da errância e deslocamento, alicerçados ainda, na observação que seus eus locais já são revestidos de eus globais, intentamos refletir sobre a representação literária desses grupos, cuja identidade coletiva se reveste de sentido negativo, ora pela cultura dominante, ora pela orientação social coletiva.
Terra e Resistência na poesia de Alda Espírito Santo
Authors: Gonçalves Paulo Sergio
Published: August 2020

Por meio da análise de alguns poemas de Alda Espírito Santo, o trabalho procura elucidar os pontos em que a participação feminina convoca e alerta o africano para uma resistência diante das situações opressoras impostas pelo regime colonialista. A poetisa, além de ter integrado a Casa dos Estudantes do Império, teve uma participação eficaz e decisiva no andamento das negociações da libertação do arquipélago de São Tomé e Príncipe. Ela mantém, em seus poemas, um compromisso histórico, fazendo, assim, com que seus leitores tenham consiência política e social. Por meio do sujeito poético e a partir da presença feminina, Alda Espírito Santo pontua e se coloca ao par de seu povo e convoca o africano de todo o continente e o negro da diáspora, despertando o Pan-africanismo e desconstruindo a imagem do colonizador. O trabalho busca, também, mostrar a representação da terra como pertença e sua valorização no imaginário africano.
Gandhi, Cecília e “as crônicas escritas na Índia”
Authors: Ferigate Anderson Azevedo , Silva Teresinha V. Zimbrão
Published: August 2020

A obra poética de Cecília Meireles (1901-1964) é bastante conhecida. No entanto, a sua obra em prosa nem tanto. Menos ainda as diversas crônicas que tematizam a Índia. O presente artigo pretende refletir sobre o intenso diálogo que a escritora brasileira estabeleceu por anos com a cultura indiana, sobretudo com Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948), o principal líder político e religioso do país no século XX. Estudaremos “as crônicas escritas na Índia”, por ocasião da viagem da escritora ao país, procurando explicitar o diálogo ceciliano com a filosofia e ética gandhianas e com os seus princípios de busca da Verdade e uso da Não-Violência.
A versificação do oriente através dos cantos cecilianos: uma breve imersão no Poemas escritos na Índia
Authors: Moury Fernandes Bioni Amanda
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo objetiva realizar uma leitura etnográfica de dois poemas intitulados “Multidão” e “Pobreza”, presentes no livro Poemas escritos na Índia (1961), pertencente à poeta brasileira, Cecília Meireles. Ao considerar a importância de compreender, olhar e dar voz ao outro, em contextos em que o egocentrismo impera, a empreitada etnográfica se assume como uma inadiável possibilidade. Com efeito, a escrita do deslocamento em tecido poético disponibiliza distintas versões e possibilidades de compreensão do universo estrangeiro, uma vez que a linguagem literária é plurissignificativa. Sobre esse aspecto, distintos personagens da cultura indiana são transfigurados em poemas que sugerem uma preocupação etnográfica de escrever e demonstrar o outro. Com relação à fundamentação teórica sobre a etnografia, os estudos de Susan Sontag (1987) e James Clifford (2002) foram utilizados. Com respeito à dimensão transversal da poesia, as reflexões de Octavio Paz (1946, 1976) e Alfredo Bosi (2006) também são consideradas. Finalmente, esse trabalho também pretende reconhecer a importância de Cecília Meireles no panorama literário universal, pois por meio da leitura de seus escritos de viagens, é perceptível que sua voz poética ecoa a trajetória da consciência humana.
ESPANCA, Florbela. Diário; O Dominó Preto. Organização, fixação crítica dos textos e notas de Fabio Mario da Silva. Lisboa: Edições Esgotadas, 2019
Authors: Meireles de Andrade Danielle , Marques Samyn Henrique
Published: August 2020

Resenha de:
ESPANCA, Florbela. Diário; O Dominó Preto. Organização, fixação crítica dos textos e notas de Fabio Mario da Silva. Lisboa: Edições Esgotadas, 2019.
Apresentação
Authors: Henrique Rückert Gustavo , Talaat Mohamed Ahmed ElGebaly Maged
Published: August 2020

Apresentação do volume 13 n 1
AWARENESS AND PARTICIPATION OF OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PAIN IN THE TREATMENT
Authors: Goranova-Spasova R.
Published: August 2020

Chronic pain as a condition is more and more common due to population ageing and the high prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases. It has been demonstrated that pain affects all health-related dimensions of quality of life and analyses show that chronic pain is associated with high health costs.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the awareness and participation of patients with chronic pain in the treatment
METHODS: For the purposes of the study, a questionnaire was developed for a direct individual survey. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were also used.
RESULTS: A total of 280 patients with different diagnoses who visited their physician with complaints of persistent pain were included in the study. Although the patients surveyed confirmed that they seek information about their therapy and are satisfied with the information they receive, a significant proportion of them do not think that they can always cope with chronic pain.
CONCLUSION: Good awareness of patients is of key importance for their participation in the treatment. Easily available, true and relevant information is a prerequisite for understanding the pain control options.
Assessment of the Percentages of T-lymphocyte Subsets in the Peripheral Blood of Mediterranean Spotted Fever Patients
Authors: Baltadzhiev Iv. , Pavlov P.
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is a rickettsial disease. The aim was to evaluate the host immunе response to Rickettsia conorii. Material and methods: 62 patients were assigned into three groups: with mild, moderate or severe clinical forms of MSF. Controls were 32 healthy individuals. The diagnosis of MSF was confirmed by the indirect immunofluorescence assay. Immunophenotyping was performed using Epics XL-MCL Coulter. Results: The percentage of immune competent (CD3+) cells decreased, whereas that of helper/inducer (CD3+CD4+) and suppressor/cytotoxic (CD3+CD8+) did not change compared to controls. All three T-cell subset percentages did not parallel the disease severity. Naïve T-cells (CD4+CD45RA+) showed reduced levels, whereas activated memory (CD4+CD45RO+) T-cells did not change significantly. The percentage of activated (CD3+HLA-DR+) T-cells increased regardless of the disease severity, till the rise of stimulatory molecules (CD38+total) matched the disease severity forms. The percentage of costimulatory CD28-molecules corresponded to the disease severity as their levels increased significantly in mild forms and showed an evident downward trend towards the severe ones. Conclusion: Reduced T-lymphocyte subsets are likely related to trans-migration into perivascular inflammatory foci. The increased percentage of T-lymphocytes armed with stimulatory molecules probably reflects the mobilization of cell-mediated immune response in the healing process.
El trabajo como fuente de resultados. Hacia una conceptualización más integrada del diagnóstico del enriquecimiento del trabajo en América latina
Authors: Genoud María-Andrea , Broveglio Gerardo-Darío
Published: August 2020

El trabajo describe el funcionamiento de una Herramienta de Diagnóstico que busca Enriquecer las Funciones Laborales (HDEFL) en América Latina, adaptada del Modelo de las características del puesto (MCP) de Hackman y Oldham (1974 y sus diversas revisiones) y con base en la investigación sobre estructuras laborales realizada durante 10 años en Argentina por Genoud, Broveglio y Picasso (2014, 2018). El enfoque integrador interdisciplinario de diseño del trabajo permite “desmenuzar” qué características del diseño del trabajo (CDT, variables motivacionales, sociales y contextuales), activan tres estados psicológicos críticos (EPC), condicionando los resultados del trabajo (RT) en los trabajadores, en términos de comportamiento, actitudes y bienestar.

La tipología del estudio es exploratoria, descriptiva y explicativa; se busca alentar cortes interpretativos transdisciplinarios anclados en la Sociología del Trabajo, las ciencias de la Administración y la Psicología Organizacional.
La cultura organizacional: el gran impulsor de la estrategia futura. Una visión de la competitividad en Ecuador
Authors: Costa-Marcé Albert , Echazarreta-Soler Carmen , Montenegro-Gálvez Diego-Ignacio
Published: August 2020

Introducción: Ecuador está en la mitad inferior de la tabla de competitividad del World Economic Forum 2019. Metodología: A través de una revisión documental de los principales modelos y estudios relacionados, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las razones de la baja competitividad del modelo económico del Ecuador e identificar los factores determinantes para fomentar su recuperación y competitividad empresarial. Resultados: Más de una tercera parte de líderes y empresarios menciona que el tipo de liderazgo es transaccional o no tiene liderazgo; menos de la mitad poseen una creencia profunda; menos del 20% posee un Consejo de Administración y el uso de tecnologías disruptivas es mínimo. Discusión: La cultura organizacional con centro en las personas, con códigos como la tecnología y el manejo de un buen gobierno corporativo, es indispensable para proyectar la empresa. Conclusiones: La competitividad está relacionada directamente con la capacidad de tener enfoque hacia el futuro.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology as career maze: Perceptions of medical students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Iqbal Shazia , Akkour Khalid , Bano Bushra , Abdullah Ali Alghamadi Manal , Adnan Al-Hajouj Nadiyah , Sami Khaza'l Aljasim Balqees , Khalid Kamal Ali Elhelow Manal , Mansour Almutairi Atheer
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. BackgroundOver time, there has been a gradual decline in the selection of obstetrics and gynecology (OBGY) as a career choice worldwide, which is of great concern for the medical educators, stakeholders, and policymakers to optimize the demand of this specialty.ObjectiveTo explore the perceptions of medical students about the attractive and distracting factors to choose obstetrics and gynecology.MethodThe focused group discussion was conducted from September 2019 to December 2019 and thematic analysis was done based on grounded theory.ResultsIn the study, a total of 49 students participated out of 75 expected participants, and the response rate was 65%. Few participants who agreed to continue their careers in this field supported their ideas because of female gender acceptance for this specialty in Saudi culture, opportunity to observe procedures, and family pressures. The main reason was the tough experience during OBGY clinical rotations, the clinician's attitude towards training at the hospital workplace, and work stress.ConclusionThere is a profound influence on learning experience during the course and clinical training in hospital settings. The positive impact of teaching faculty, successful stories of patients, and teaching techniques supported by simulations can provoke the enthusiasm in the students. A mnemonic "BE SMART" is proposed to apply by medical educators to optimize the need of OBGY specialists in the future. It applies the abilities of true professionals indicated by doctors as beneficent, educators; enforces to augment the use of simulators as teaching modality; practices of meditation, and affectionate the mutual relationships.
Neonatal near miss in the intensive care unit
Authors: Maia Maria Rita Guimarães , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta , Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel , Higarashi Ieda Harumi , Carvalho Maria Dalva de Barros , Pelloso Sandra Marisa
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze near miss cases among newborns hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study using the STROBE guideline. Data were collected from 1,101 records of live births (newborns). Statistical analysis used the Epi-Info program 3.3.2 and Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: A total of 162 newborns were hospitalized, of which 63 had at least one criterion of near miss. The variables that remained associated with neonatal near miss were weight <1.750 g, gestational age <33 weeks and Apgar at 5 minutes <7, pragmatic criteria to identify cases of neonatal near miss morbidity. Conclusion: Prematurity and low birth weight were the factors that contributed most to the near miss outcome among newborns hospitalized in intensive care, a rate two and a half times higher than the number of deaths, according to scientific evidence.
Care for the critical patient undergoing point-of-care testing: integrative review
Authors: Soares Débora Thais Siqueira , Hermann Ana Paula , Lacerda Maria Ribeiro , Méier Marineli Joaquim , Caceres Nayla Tamara de Godoi , Lima Juliana Zimmermann
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify, based on the evidence, point-of-care testing in bedbound in critically ill patients. Method: integrative review, carried out through search in Pubmed, Virtual Health Library, Joanna Briggs Institute, The British Institute of Radiology, Brazilian Radiology, and Google Scholar databases. We used the PICO research strategy and selected articles published from 2013 onwards, which presented information about point-of-care testing. Results: the different interventions found in the analysis of the 23 selected articles allowed the thematic grouping of care related to safety in communication, patient identification, care with devices, and the prevention and control of infection, which can be used in point-of-care testing. Final considerations: The care described in the evidence provided support for validating a safe care protocol for critically ill patients undergoing imaging studies in bed.
Social iniquities in Primary Healthcare and intersectoral action: a descriptive study
Authors: Souza Larissa Barros de , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre , Cândido Fernanda Carla de Assis , Campoy Laura Terenciani , Cartagena-Ramos Denisse Andrea , Fiorati Regina Célia
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze Primary Healthcare with regards to dealing with social inequities through actions targeted at Social Determinants of Health, from the perspective of Family Health Strategy Professionals. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through focus groups and analyzed using Habermas’s communicative action theory. Results: There were few intersectoral and assistance organization actions with clinical emphasis; municipal management for intersectoral actions shows a lack of planning and faces challenges; and there is little communication and articulation between the sectors. Final considerations: There are many challenges to be overcome by Primary Health Care to contemplate intersectoral actions targeted at Social Health Determinants, a demand inherent to the possibilities of advancing in the reduction of social and health-related inequalities.
Analysis of the correlation of socioeconomic, sanitary, and demographic factors with homicide deaths - Bahia, Brazil, 2013-2015
Authors: Souza Tiago Oliveira de , Souza Edinilsa Ramos de , Pinto Liana Wernersbach
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the correlation of socioeconomic, sanitary, and demographic factors with homicides in Bahia, from 2013 to 2015. Methods: Ecological study, using data from the Information System on Mortality and from the Superintendence of Economic and Social Studies. The depending variable is the corrected homicide rate. Explanatory variables were categorized in four axes. Simple and multiple negative binomial regression models were used. Results: Positive associations were found between homicides and the Index of Economy and Finances (IEF), the Human Development Index, the Gini Index, population density, and legal intervention death rates (LIDR). The variables Index of Education Levels (IEL), rates of death with undetermined intentions (RDUI), and the proportion of ill-defined causes (IDC) presented a negative association with the homicide rates. Conclusion: The specific features of the context of each community, in addition to broader socioeconomic municipal factors, directly interfere in life conditions and increase the risk of dying by homicide.
Transformational leadership in nursing practice: challenges and strategies
Authors: Ferreira Vanêska Brito , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Trindade Letícia de Lima , Santos Ises Adriana Reis dos , Varanda Patrícia Alves Galhardo
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the challenges and strategies adopted by nurses for the exercise of Transformational Leadership in a university hospital. Methods: qualitative and exploratory study, in which 25 nurses working in a university hospital in the state of Bahia, Brazil participated. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews and categorized according to Thematic Analysis, using Nvivo software. Results: The prevalent challenges involved: lack of encouragement from the institution for the training of leaders; professional inexperience and young age; resistance to leadership and insubordination. The strategies adopted by nurses consist of acting as team examples and establishing dialogic relationships. Final considerations: The practice of Transformational Leadership has been relevant in the daily lives of nurses and contributes to the quality of care.
Reconfiguration of palliative oncological nursing care: nursing contributions
Authors: Paiva Carolina Fraga , Santos Tânia Cristina Franco , Montenegro Hercília Regina do Amaral , Costa Ricardo da , Martins Gizele da Conceição Soares , Almeida Filho Antonio José de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the strategies implemented by nurses to reconfigure palliative oncological care due to the hospital accreditation process in Hospital do Câncer IV (Hospital of Cancer IV). Method: qualitative research of historical-social approach, whose direct sources in use were written documents and four spoken accounts. Results: implemented strategies were: creation of the Nursing Division; nursing staff management; consolidation of Continuing Education sector; creation of Internal Nursing Bylaws through development of norms and routines; meetings; discussion of clinical cases; training and classes; creation of Núcleo de Assistência de Enfermagem (Nursing Assistance Core); creation of a tumoral and ostomy wound-dressing ambulatory; and organization of the 5th Vital Sign Forum. Final considerations: nurses, supported by an alliance with the institution directors, implemented effective strategies and reached significant advancement. As they took part in this endeavor, they became legitimate spokespeople of an authorized discourse in the field of oncological nursing care in Brazil.
Palliative care consultation team: symptom relief in first 48 hours of hospitalization
Authors: Silva Magda Aparecida dos Santos , Diniz Marcio Augusto , Carvalho Ricardo Tavares de , Chiba Toshio , Mattos-Pimenta Cibele Andrucioli de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the relief of symptoms provided by palliative care consultation team (PCCT) compared to the traditional care team (TC), in patients with advanced cancer in the first 48 hours of hospitalization. Method: Allocated to PCCT Group and TC Group, this study assessed 290 patients according to the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) within the first 48 hours of hospitalization. The main outcome was a minimum 2-point reduction in symptom intensity. Results: At 48 hours, the PCCT Group had a 2-point reduction in the mean differences (p <0.001) in pain, nausea, dyspnea, and depression; and TC Group, on nausea and sleep impairment (p <0.001). Multiple Logistic Regression found for the PCCT Group a greater chance of pain relief (OR 2.34; CI 1.01-5.43; p = 0.049). Conclusion: There was superiority of the PCCT Group for pain relief, dyspnea and depression. There is a need for more studies that broaden the understanding of team modalities.
What is said and unspoken about the autonomy of a nurse: (dis) continuity in discourses
Authors: Soares Sabrina Gonçalves Aguiar , Camponogara Silviamar , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to know how autonomy is constituted in the nurse’s professional practice in the hospital context. Methods: Qualitative analytical study, based on Foucault’s methodological theoretical framework. The empirical material consisted of articles published in the Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem and narrative interviews conducted with 18 nurses from a public hospital in southern Brazil. Data collection took place between December 2017 and May 2018, being analyzed through Foucauldian discourse analysis. Results: Autonomy in the professional practice of nurses goes through the core of knowledge, the political positioning and the working conditions. These factors are revealed as power instruments in the construction of nurse governability. Final Considerations: It is believed that the investment focused on the debate of the nurse’s autonomy interfaces could raise new attitudes about professional practice and favor the transformation of nursing practice.
Efeito do Suporte Social e Personalidade no Bem-Estar Psicológico em Adolescentes de Diferentes Contextos Relacionais
Authors: Mota Catarina Pinheiro , Oliveira Inês
Published: August 2020

RESUMO O suporte social e as características da personalidade são evidenciados na literatura como fatores relevantes na promoção do bem-estar psicológico de jovens. Pretendeu-se analisar o efeito preditor do suporte social e da personalidade no bem-estar psicológico, testando ainda o efeito moderador dos contextos relacionais na associação anterior. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal de cariz exploratório. A amostra foi constituída por 350 jovens adolescentes portugueses de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 13 e 18 anos, provenientes de famílias tradicionais (seio familiar apenas com pais e filhos) e em acolhimento residencial. Os resultados sugeriram uma predição do bem-estar psicológico através das dimensões do suporte social e da personalidade. Verificou-se o papel moderador do contexto relacional e foi discutido o papel das ligações afetivas desenvolvidas enquanto fator promotor de bem-estar nos jovens.
Caracterização do Atendimento Psicológico na Saúde
Authors: Bruscato Wilze Laura , Condes Renata Pereira
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Este trabalho caracteriza as atividades realizadas pelo Serviço de Psicologia em um complexo de atenção à saúde prestador de serviços ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A utilização das intervenções foi medida pelo número absoluto e relativo de pacientes atendidos. A partir disso, foi identificado: perfil sociodemográfico, especialidade médica de origem, agente solicitante, motivos da solicitação e tipo de intervenção realizada. Um maior percentual de mulheres foi atendido, havendo o predomínio de quadros de ansiedade e depressão. As intervenções mais utilizadas foram a avaliação psicológica e o atendimento do familiar/cuidador. Estudos rotineiros de caracterização da assistência são essenciais para o monitoramento do desempenho dos serviços, permitindo verificar sua adequação e a necessidade de melhorias.
Technological potential of under-utilized starches from eight varieties of legumes grown in Cameroon
Authors: Nguetcho V. Saho Tsaju , Bouba A. Abdou , Yanou N. Njintang
Published: August 2020

Abstract Starch samples from eight legumes cultivars instar of one variety of Vigna unguiculata L. (Cowpea), one variety of Vigna subterrenea V. (Bambara groundnut) and six varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Common bean), grown in Cameroon were isolated, and their physicochemical and pasting properties were evaluated. The objectives of the study were to investigate the starch properties and processing characteristics of different bean varieties, and to establish the basic foundation of improving the functionality of beans and their starch grown in the region. The result revealed significant differences amongst the properties of the starches. The swelling power of the legume starch isolates put them in the category of highly restricted-swelling starch. This characteristic is desirable for the manufacture of value-added products such as noodles and composite blends with cereals. The pasting properties were determined using a rapid visco analyzer, and various legumes bean starches exhibited different pasting profiles. The high breakdown viscosity (BV) was founded for Cowpea and Bambara groundnut and confirmed their low. ability to resist heat and shear stress when compared to Common bean varieties studies. The factors which influence the pasting characteristics resulting to decrease in peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV) and final viscosity (FV) of starch are attributed to the interaction of starch with the protein, fat, etc. which depended to their variety.
Removal of nutrients from Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste using filamentous algae.
Authors: Flores-Morales Gonzalo , Díaz Mónica , Arancibia-Avila Patricia , Muñoz-Carrasco Michelle , Jara-Zapata Pamela , Toledo-Montiel Fernando , Vega-Román Emmanuel
Published: August 2020

Abstract A feasibility analysis of tertiary treatment for Organic Liquid Agricultural Waste is presented using filamentous algae belonging to the genus Cladophora sp. as an alternative to chemical tertiary treatment. The main advantages of tertiary treatments that use biological systems are the low cost investment and the minimal dependence on environmental variables. In this work we demonstrate that filamentous algae reduces the nutrient load of nitrate (circa 75%) and phosphate (circa 86%) from the organic waste effluents coming from dairy farms after nine days of culture, with the added advantage being that after the treatment period, algae removal can be achieved by simple procedures. Currently, the organic wastewater is discarded into fields and local streams. However, the algae can acquire value as a by-product since it has various uses as compost, cellulose, and biogas. A disadvantage of this system is that clean water must be used to achieve enough water transparency to allow algae growth. Even so, the nutrient reduction system of the organic effluents proposed is friendly to the ecosystem, compared to tertiary treatments that use chemicals to precipitate and collect nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates.
Can nesting waterbirds influence the community structure of macroinvertebrates in southern Brazilian intermittent wetlands?
Authors: Zardo Daniela C. , Souza Marcela M. , Pires Mateus M. , Stenert Cristina , Maltchik Leonardo
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT The main goal of this study was to test the effect of the presence of nesting waterbirds on the taxonomic structure (richness, abundance and composition) of macroinvertebrate communities in southern Brazilian wetlands. Macroinvertebrate communities were seasonally sampled in eight intermittent wetlands differing according to the occurrence of nesting colonies of waterbirds (four with the presence of rookeries; four without). The influence of nutrients and water and sediment physicochemical variables on macroinvertebrate communities was also assessed. The community structure of aquatic macroinvertebrates was not affected by the presence of colonies of nesting waterbirds. Rather, macroinvertebrate communities varied seasonally and they were influenced by water-level environmental variables. Richness and composition changed among seasons and were influenced by nutrients and water physicochemical variables. Water turbidity and total dissolved solids influenced macroinvertebrate richness, while water nutrients affected macroinvertebrate abundance. Our results indicate that the lack of effect of nesting waterbirds on macroinvertebrates is possibly due to the variation in the composition of avian species and their reduced population sizes, and in such cases, any effects of birds on macroinvertebrates can be overridden by water chemistry and seasonal changes in intermittent wetlands.
Gastric disorders of cattle in western Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
Authors: Brandolt Inácio M.C. , Maurique Ana Paula , Damboriarena Pedro A. , Trost Maria Elisa , Pozzobon Ricardo , Anjos Bruno L.
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT: A retrospective study of gastric disorders in autopsied cattle in the Western region of Rio Grande do Sul State, was performed. The exam reports of bovine necropsy of the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Unipampa, were analyzed in the period from 2010 to 2018. All cases in which death was primarily caused by disturbance in the gastric chambers were included. During the period evaluated, 141 cattle were necropsied. Of those, 25 had gastric disorders. Of those, 53% had alterations in the rumen, followed by abomasum (17%), involvement of two chambers (13%) and reticulum (9%). Most cases corresponded to beef cattle raised in an extensive system and most them for calf production and fattening with an average age of approximately three years. The cases occurred in farms of four different municipalities. Bullous bloat by excessive Trifolium repens ingestion was the gastric disturbance with the highest number of dead cattle observed in this study, especially in irrigated áreas of livestock farms. Cases such as lactic acidosis, ruminal alkalosis due to excessive urea ingestion and Baccharis coridifolia poisoning were also important gastric disturbances in necropsied cattle, associated especially with poor management and period of scarcity of good quality fodder. Cases of Clostridium perfringens infection were also observed in young cattle suggesting that it is an important infectious agent in the evaluated cattle herds, also showing failures in vaccination of the herds. As observed, gastric disturbances in cattle in the western region of Rio Grande do Sul have several causes. Metabolic/toxic and infectious disturbances were important causes of mortality in the herds, inducing considerable economic losses. Based on this study, it is clear that the majority of outbreaks or isolated cases occurred due to errors in the management of the properties and the vast majority of them could have been avoided with improvements in the technical qualification of the workers and simple adjustments in the farming methods. It is also emphasized the importance of the conclusive diagnosis to control these disorders, once after the orientation to the producers, was observed significant decrease in cattle losses in the farms.
Evaluation of platelet-rich plasma gel as an angiogenesis-inducing agent in canineadvancement skin flaps
Authors: Aleixo Grazielle A.S. , Coelho Maria C.O.C. , Almeida Telga L.A. , Pereira Márcia F. , Teixeira Miriam N. , Andrade Lilian S.S. , Bessa Ana Luiza N.G. , Evêncio-Neto Joaquim
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT: This work aimed to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on advancement skin flaps in dogs regarding improvement of vascularization, with focus on increasing its viable area, since there are reports that it is a potential angiogenesis stimulator. The experimental group was composed of eight adult bitches, in which two advancement skin flaps were made in the ventral abdominal region. No product was applied in the control flap (CF), while PRP was used in the contralateral flap, called treated flap (TF). The areas were clinically evaluated every two days until the 7th postoperative day regarding skin color and presence of necrosis. At 10 days, both flaps were removed and submitted to histological examination and blood vessel morphometry. The vessels counted in each group were statistically analyzed by the F-test at 1% probability. Results showed no significant difference in macroscopic changes in the wound, or CF and TF vascularization, thus suggesting that PRP gel did not improve advancement skin flap angiogenesis in bitches under the experimental conditions in which this research was developed.