bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic ellipsometry and photovoltaic characteristics for n-CdS/p-Cu2ZnSnS4 heterojunction by annealing for solar cells
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Al Jamiah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia, Almohammedi A. , Shaaban E. R. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al–Azhar University, Assuit, 71542, Egypt
Published: October 2022

Owing to its direct bandgap in the range to be used as an absorbent material and due to its high absorption rate, kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is a p-type prospective absorber material (with thickness 500 nm) for solar cell applications. Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were prepared using the thermal evaporation technique. The (CZTS) thin films were annealed at different annealing temperatures chosen according to TGA analysis in the range of (400o C, 450o C, 475o C, and 500o C). The influence of annealing temperatures on the structural, morphology and optical properties of the CZTS films was investigated. The XRD patterns and Raman spectra have revealed the formation of CZTS thin with a high-quality crystal structure. The optical constants refractive index n, and extinction coefficient, k consequently band gap are estimated from SE via construction an optical model. The refractive index n of the CZTS /glass films received from SE model increases with the annealing temperature that is credited to the rise of the size of the crystal. It was also found that when the annealing temperature of the CZTS layer increases, the general behavior of the extinction coefficient k of the CZTS /glass film increases. In addition, it is found that the direct optical transition with energy band gap is compact from 1.75 eV at RT to 1.49 eV at maximum crystallization 500 o C. The Ni/n-CdSe/p-CdTe/Pt heterojunction has been successfully assembled. The dark and illumination (currentvoltage) behavior of fabricated heterojunctions had been suggested at distinctive different annealing of CZTS layer, as well as for voltages ranging from -2 to 2 volts.
Effects of controlled shot peening on multi-scale morphology and hydrophobicity of 316L stainless steel
Authors:   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China, Zhang J. Y. , Qin L. J. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China, Liu F. G. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China, Lou C. S. ,   School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China
Published: October 2022

In this study, we used shot peening-etching method to construct the multi-scale morphology on the surface of 316L stainless steel, assisted by surface modification to improve hydrophobicity. The effects of the diameter of projectile (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mm) and shot peening time (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 min) on the multi-scale morphology and hydrophobicity of the samples were studied. Meanwhile, the surface morphology was examined by metallographic microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface profile and roughness were characterized by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). The fractal dimension D was calculated by data analysis software, and the static contact angle measuring instrument was used to evaluate the hydrophobic performance. The results show that the smaller the diameter of projectile is, the stronger the hydrophobicity of the sample is, and there is the best time for shot peening. Moreover, the size and distance of pits on the surface decrease as the diameter of projectile decreases. The roughness of the surface shows a tendency to increase first and decrease with the increase of shot peening time, and the contact angle has the same tendency. The contact angle of the sample surface increases as the fractal dimension D increases. When the diameter of the projectile is 0.2 mm and the shot peening time is 2 min, after etching and surface modification, the static contact angle is 137.4° and the solid-liquid contact area is only 15.4%. This method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and environment-friendly, which is beneficial to the large-scale production of hydrophobic materials.
Machinability Study on AA6061/2 SiC / Graphite Hybrid Nanocomposites Fabricated through Ultrasonic Assisted Stir Casting
Authors: Lagisetti Virinchi Krishna , A. Prasad Reddy , Chamaiporn Sukjamsri  , P Vamsi Krishna
Published: October 2022

Aluminium-based hybrid metal matrix nanocomposites (AA-HMNCs) have numerous applications due to their higher strength-to-weight ratio and good mechanical and tribological properties. However, the machinability aspect of these materials must be carefully explored before employing them in various engineering applications. The present study involves the fabrication of AA6061/2 wt.% SiC/x wt.% graphite (x= 1, 2, 3) hybrid nanocomposites and subsequently subjecting them to machinability investigation. All the hybrid nanocomposite samples are fabricated through ultrasonic assisted stir casting technique. The effect of machining parameters and graphite content of the sample on cutting force and surface roughness is discussed based on experimental data. Experiments are performed based on the central composite design of response surface methodology, and the corresponding output responses are recorded. ANOVA analysis revealed that the graphite content has the highest authority over surface roughness and cutting force. High cutting speeds accompanied by low feed and depth of cut have resulted in reduced cutting forces and better surface finish. Chip morphology studies have also subsequently indicated better machinability with increased graphite content.
La utopía de una economía para la vida
Authors: Herrera Torres Hugo Amador
Published: October 2022

En el artículo se hacen aproximaciones a los enunciados utópicos de una economía para la vida y se determinan las relaciones que establecen los sujetos con las utopías. En el método de análisis se detectan las trascendencias que realizan los sujetos durante el desarrollo del proceso económico. Los resultados señalan que el enunciado utópico general de una economía para la vida es “la vida en la Tierra es vida eterna y plena” (trascendencia general). Los sujetos proyectan cuatro enunciados utópicos específicos (trascendencias parciales) en dicha perspectiva económica, uno de ellos centrado en la satisfacción total de las necesidades físico-biológicas mediante el consumo óptimo de bienes. De este enunciado, que se encuentra inmerso en el campo económico, se derivan otros diez enunciados (trascendencias subparciales) vinculados, a partir de una economía para la vida, con el pleno empleo, con la factibilidad económica y técnica en las producciones y con el ingreso de los sujetos. Las utopías se distorsionan cuando entran al cuadro de la ilusión trascendental; en contraste, obtienen sentido en relación con la vida humana cuando se basan en imaginaciones.
Levinas: lo metafísico en la filosofía de la liberación
Authors: Follari Roberto
Published: October 2022

Se asume que la filosofía de la liberación (FL) solo existió como tendencia colectiva hasta aproximadamente 1985; y que algunos de sus ítems —tal la polémica de Cerutti con Dussel— perdieron con el tiempo la vigencia de sus términos. Hubo entre 1971 y 1985 diversas tendencias: distinguimos la populista (Cullen, Casalla, Kusch, Fornari) de la marxista (Ardiles, Parisi, Cerutti, Santos) y de la espiritualista cristiana (Scannone y Dussel). La última es la que con fuerza incorporó a Levinas. Un autor que insistió en el otro como expresión del Otro como Infinito, como vehículo de la presencia de Dios. Y que rechazó nociones como las de historia y política como espacios de absorción de la individualidad, a la que concibe “separada” en su singular interioridad. Estos son términos que el psicoanálisis de Lacan refuta claramente, no habiendo “separación” definida con los otros, en tanto ellos son constituyentes de cualquier sujeto. Dussel propone la “exterioridad” a la totalidad, primero la heideggeriana y luego la de la dialéctica marxiana: ello, desde cuando asumía la “analéctica”, que luego abandonó. Pero aún en su posterior apelación al marxismo, Dussel continúa sosteniendo la idea de “exterioridad”, noción de neto corte metafísico que entendemos incompatible con la apelación al análisis científico-social ensayado por el marxismo (que tiene una dimensión filosófica, pero ciertamente antimetafísica). Entendemos a la categoría de “totalidad” como necesaria a la concepción de la dialéctica marxista, de gran utilidad epistémica, y excluyente de la idea de una exterioridad a la inmanencia radical de lo existente.
Diálogo filosófico entre ‘sospecha’ y ‘atestación’: fuente hermenéutica transversal a las humanidades
Authors: Tell María Belén
Published: October 2022

Este artículo tiene por objetivo, por una parte, buscar y presentar un diálogo enriquecido entre los conceptos de atestación y sospecha provenientes de la hermenéutica desarrollada por el filósofo Paul Ricoeur, y, por otra parte, intentar mostrar que dicho modelo o paradigma dialógico es capaz de oficiar de fuente hermenéutica transversal a las humanidades, y en concreto a la literatura. Esto es así en la medida en que implicaría una herramienta gnoseo-epistemológica válida de análisis en la cual se asume la duda y la sospecha, pero al mismo tiempo se las atraviesa y trasciende hacia una renovada afirmación ontológico-existencial decisiva y restaurada.
The role of the supervising teacher in the curricular internship: what do publications say?
Authors: De Oliveira Maciel Alessandra , Mota Neves de Almeida Sinara , De Freitas Pontes Júnior José Airton
Published: October 2022

The Curricular Internship (CI) has become an opportunity for research, reflective analysis, observation, and re-signification of the teaching profession. In this sense, the present article is aimed at assessing the publications that address this theme. Thus, we chose to develop this study in the area of teacher education, based on the assumption that the CI can favour the acquisition of knowledge required for the teaching activity and, consequently, the teacher’s professional development. We adopted the bibliographic analysis of scientific papers from 2015 to 2020, retrieved from the Journal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel’s Portal (CAPES), Google Scholar, Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), Repository of the Graduate Program in Education of the State University of Ceará (PPGE/UECE), and the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC). The analyses pointed out the internship as a moment of articulation between theory and practice, and of knowledge constitution, particularly the knowledge gained through experience. Likewise, they indicated the need for greater articulation between university and school, and some emphasized the urgency of making the supervising teacher aware of his role as co-trainer of the student interns.
Vocabulario emocional y casos de cyberbullying en alumnado universitario
Authors: Teixine Baradad Judit , Priego Ojeda María , Garcia Blanc Núria , Ros Morente Agnès
Published: October 2022

El uso de las tecnologías ha propiciado nuevas formas de violencia, como es el caso del cyberbullying, haciendo necesarias nuevas estrategias emocionales para prevenirlo. En el presente artículo se pretende evaluar la presencia de bullying y cyberbullying en las titulaciones universitarias relacionadas con el ámbito educativo, haciendo énfasis en la incidencia de casos, las estrategias usadas y los sentimientos experimentados durante el abuso. Además, dada la importancia del vocabulario emocional en la gestión de emociones, se observarán diferencias entre estudiantes de grados educativos y otros ajenos a este ámbito, así como las posibles diferencias de género. Para responder a estas cuestiones contamos con la participación de 398 estudiantes universitarios españoles, clasificados según su pertenencia a titulaciones del ámbito educativo u otros grados, y en segundo lugar según el género, a los que se realizó la prueba de vocabulario, y 108 estudiantes de educación que respondieron el cuestionario de cyberbullying. Con respecto a la incidencia del cyberbullying, se advierte un mayor número de agresores hombres y una correlación existente entre ser agresor y víctima y entre ser víctima de bullying tradicional y cyberbullying, tanto telefónico como vía internet. Con respecto al vocabulario, los resultados muestran un mayor número de palabras emocionales expresadas por los estudiantes de grados educativos, tanto en el vocabulario emocional general como en las agrupaciones emocionales de miedo, alegría y felicidad.
Artroplastia de rodilla en pacientes con poliomielitis y déficit de extensores. Revisión y experiencia en nueve casos
Authors: González Morán Fernando
Published: October 2022

Objetivos: Comunicar los resultados clínicos y funcionales de pacientes con síndrome pospolio sometidos a una artroplastia total de rodilla y evaluar si la elección de la prótesis está condicionada por el déficit funcional del cuádriceps.

Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó a pacientes con síndrome pospolio en su condición de déficit muscular y con escalas funcionales de tiempo de caminata en 10 m, distancia caminada en 2 min, y tiempo levántate y anda, y el Knee Society Score antes de la artroplastia de rodilla y un año después.

Resultados: Los valores funcionales que impactaban directamente en la calidad de vida mejoraron notablemente en todos los pacientes. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en el Knee Society Score entre los casos más graves con déficit del cuádriceps con recurvatum y aquellos con menor afectación, pero las escalas funcionales sí mostraron una diferencia significativa entre estos subgrupos.

Conclusiones: La artroplastia total de rodilla es una alternativa terapéutica válida en esta compleja enfermedad, que logra aliviar el dolor, recupera la función y mejora la calidad de vida. La restauración de la estabilidad mediante diseños de prótesis constreñidas es un factor clave en la recuperación de un patrón de marcha funcional en los pacientes con recurvatum. Los pacientes con fuerza del cuádriceps que vencen la resistencia de la gravedad tienen un resultado funcional equiparable al de los pacientes sin síndrome pospolio y no requieren prótesis abisagradas.
Healthcare Use in the Year Following Bronchiolitis Hospitalization
Authors: Pelletier Jonathan H. , Au Alicia K. , Fuhrman Dana Y. , Marroquin Oscar C. , Suresh Srinivasan , Clark Robert S. B. , Kochanek Patrick M. , Horvat Christopher M.
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES

Healthcare utilization after bronchiolitis hospitalization is incompletely understood. We aimed to characterize readmissions and outpatient visits within 1 year after hospital discharge.

METHODS

Retrospective multicenter observational cohort study of children under 24-months old admitted with bronchiolitis between January 1, 2010 and December 12, 2019 to the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. A single-center nested subset using linked electronic health records allowed analysis of outpatient visits.

RESULTS

There were 308 306 admissions for bronchiolitis among 271 115 patients across 47 hospitals between 2010–2019. The percent of patients readmitted within 30 days after discharge was 6.0% (16 167 of 271 115), and 17.8% (48 332 of 271 115) of patients were readmitted within 1 year. 22.9% (16 919 of 74 001) of patients admitted to an ICU and 26.8% (7865 of 29 378) of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation were readmitted within 1 year. There were 1438 patients with outpatient healthcare data available. There were a median (interquartile range) of 9 (6–13) outpatient visits per patient within 1 year after discharge. Outpatient healthcare use increased for 4 months following bronchiolitis hospitalization compared with previously reported age-matched controls. Higher income, white race, commercial insurance, complex chronic conditions, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation were associated with higher outpatient utilization. Higher quartiles of outpatient use were associated with readmission for bronchiolitis and all-cause readmissions.

CONCLUSIONS

Readmissions in the year after bronchiolitis hospitalization are common, and outpatient healthcare use is increased for 4 months following discharge. Prospective study is needed to track long-term outcomes of infants with bronchiolitis.
Cognitive and Mental Health of Young Mothers’ Offspring: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Cresswell Liam , Faltyn Mateusz , Lawrence Claire , Tsai Zoe , Owais Sawayra , Savoy Calan , Lipman Ellen , Van Lieshout Ryan J
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

The nature and magnitude of the cognitive and mental health risks among the offspring of young mothers is not fully understood. Our objective is to examine the risk of mental disorders in these offspring.

METHODS

Five databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) were searched from their inceptions until February 2022. Studies were eligible if they assessed offspring of young mothers (<21 years), contained a control group, and assessed any cognitive and/or mental health outcomes. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate standardized mean differences (SMDs) in infants (0–3 years), children (4–9), adolescents (10–19), and adults (20+). Methodological bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

RESULTS

51 outcomes were meta-analyzed. Levels of cognitive and learning problems were higher among the infants (SMD = 0.30 [95% confidence interval 0.0–0.55]) and adolescents (SMD = 0.43 [0.24 to 0.62]) of young mothers. Adolescents had more symptoms of delinquency (SMD = 0.24 [0.12 to 0.36]). As adults, they are more often convicted of violent crimes (SMD = 0.36 [0.22 to 0.50]). Internalizing symptoms were higher in these offspring in childhood (SMD = 0.29 [0.14 to 0.45]) and adulthood (SMD = 0.35 [0.34 to 0.36]). This review uses unadjusted data and is thus unequipped to infer causality. Studies have high attrition and rely heavily on self-report.

CONCLUSIONS

Young mothers’ offspring have more cognitive, externalizing, and internalizing problems across the lifespan than individuals born to mothers ≥21 years of age. They may benefit from early detection and support.
Gas chromatographic determination of fatty acid composition in breast milk of mothers with different health conditions
Authors: Zhang M. , Simon Sarkadi L. , Üveges M. , Tormási J. , Benes E. , Vass R.A. , Vari S.G.
Published: October 2022

Human milk (HM) of healthy, well-nourished, lactating mothers is a unique and ideal source of nutritive factors, like hormones, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors that ensures the proper growth and development of infants. Among the main components of HM, fat is an important energy source and a regulatory factor. The quality of milk fat depends on its fatty acid (FA) composition. Gas chromatography coupled with flame ionisation detection is one of the most common methods for analysis of the FA profile of HM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the FA composition of HM, collected from mothers with different health conditions (normal Body Mass Index (nBMI); overweight and obese) using GC-FID method. The results showed that saturated FAs were present in the highest amount in the HM samples, of which palmitic acid was the main representative. The major monounsaturated FA was oleic acid, while linoleic acid was the most abundant of the polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA). Overweight and obese women have lower levels of PUFA in their breast milk. The data were subjected to principal component and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA). QDA classified nBMI and overweight and obese mother milk samples with 88.24% accuracy. Significant differences were found between normal and overweight and obese HM samples in case of C10:0 and C18:3 FAs. Higher maternal BMI was associated with a higher n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio.
A comparative study of local scour depth around bridge piers
Authors: Al-Jubouri Muhanad , Ray Richard P.
Published: October 2022

Scour is the leading cause of bridge collapse beneath any bridge pier located within the waterway. A numerical-based hydraulic model named the Hydrologic Engineering Centre River Analysis System and a mathematical model of the Florida Department of Transport were implemented to investigate their performance and accuracy in estimating the maximum scour depth beneath bridge piers where large and small-scale physical prototypes are used as a benchmark. The main findings are that a hydraulic model is an effective tool when employing the Colorado State University equation, which compares well with physical prototypes irrespective of the variation in piers' size and shape. Also, it has achieved more consistent results than the Froehlich and the Florida Department of Transport methodologies.
Swift heavy ion irradiation-induced amorphous iron and Fe–Si oxide phases in metallic 57Fe layer vacuum deposited on surface of SiO2/Si
Authors: Kuzmann E. , Nomura K. , Stichleutner S. , Nakanishi A. , Pechousek J. , Machala L. , Homonnay Z. , Vondrasek R. , Skuratov V. A. , Krupa L. , Malina O. , Ingr T. , Kubuki S.
Published: October 2022

57Fe conversion electron Mössbauer (CEM) spectroscopy, SEM and magnetization measurements were used to study the effect of swift heavy ion irradiation on metallic 57Fe (10 nm) thin layer vacuum deposited onto SiO2/Si. About 85% of the total iron content of the surface layer detected by CEM was present as metallic, crystalline alpha iron before the irradiation, while upon irradiation with 160 MeV Xe ions, with a fluence of 5 × 1013 ion cm−2, ~ 21% was converted to amorphous iron and ~ 47% to silicon-containing iron oxide phases. The presence of pure iron in the amorphous state was evidenced by CEM in agreement with magnetization measurements. Temperature dependence of CEM measurements and the FC/ZFC curves of the irradiated deposit indicated superparamagnetic nature of the iron-silicon-oxide phases. The results are discussed in terms of the thermal spike model for the formation of the amorphous iron phase that can be essential for the formation of silicon-iron-oxides.

Graphical abstract
Nucleation and growth behavior of multicomponent secondary phases in entropy-stabilized oxides
Authors: Dupuy Alexander D. , Chellali Mohammed Reda , Hahn Horst , Schoenung Julie M.
Published: October 2022

The rocksalt structured (Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)O entropy-stabilized oxide (ESO) exhibits a reversible phase transformation that leads to the formation of Cu-rich tenorite and Co-rich spinel secondary phases. Using atom probe tomography, kinetic analysis, and thermodynamic modeling, we uncover the nucleation and growth mechanisms governing the formation of these two secondary phases. We find that these phases do not nucleate directly, but rather they first form Cu-rich and Co-rich precursor phases, which nucleate in regions rich in Cu and cation vacancies, respectively. These precursor phases then grow through cation diffusion and exhibit a rocksalt-like crystal structure. The Cu-rich precursor phase subsequently transforms into the Cu-rich tenorite phase through a structural distortion-based transformation, while the Co-rich precursor phase transforms into the Co-rich spinel phase through a defect-mediated transformation. Further growth of the secondary phases is controlled by cation diffusion within the primary rocksalt phase, whose diffusion behavior resembles other common rocksalt oxides.

Graphical abstract
Bodies that Matter to God
Authors: Purcell Marie Olson
Published: October 2022

Judith Butler revolutionized feminist thought through her theory of gender performance, especially through her book Bodies that Matter, which emphasized how bodies are materialized into intelligibility by discursive means. An aspect that merits more attention is how a theory of performativity can help us to understand religion’s role in this materialization and valuing of bodies. This article proposes a theory of religious performativity based on a conception of agency that takes seriously the additional role of a transcendent agent for the religious person and is, therefore, distinct from Butler. The feminist-based theory is then applied to two documents from complementarian evangelical Christian women within a movement called #SilenceIsNotSpiritual, in order to offer deeper understanding of a predominantly self-identified non-feminist population. This analysis suggests a subtle shift of power is taking place as these women enact their agency, while also highlighting the intricate differences of this movement from the #MeToo movement.
Embodied neo-spirituality as an experience filter
Authors: Aschenbrenner Lina , Ostrowski Laura von
Published: October 2022

The authors outline the framework of ‘experience filters’ as a theoretical and methodical approach to grasp the aesthetic effect and the cultural and social influence of religious practices beyond religious settings: Participation in and enactment of practices and rituals (e.g., ‘neo-spiritual’) shape the embodied experience of further practice and ritual performance, as well as cultural and social participation in general. They create experience filters which influence experience beyond the context in which they were created, and which are intrinsically linked to the transformation of ‘body knowledge’ in practice. Experience filters are embodied conditions for the selection, perception, and interpretation of experiences. Thus, the framework underlines the importance of a body focus in cultural studies of religion, and simultaneously offers a practical possibility of including the body in cultural research. The article is based on ethnographic data obtained in the context of two neo-spiritual phenomena – the Israeli movement improvisation practice Gaga in Tel Aviv and Ashtanga Yoga in Germany. The authors sketch an exemplary evolution of different neo-spiritual experience filters in the two practice settings: the awareness, transformed body, positive emotions, and ‘secular’ filter in Gaga; and the mindfulness, balance, and spiritual filter in Ashtanga Yoga.The authors trace the filters in techniques and body knowledge actualizations, and demonstrate how the filters become effective with participants. Ultimately, the comparison of both sets of experience filters shows not only that typical neospiritual experience filters and common and collective effects of neo-spiritual practices exist, but also the way in which the framework experience filters enable researchers to close in on neo-spirituality as a greater social and cultural phenomenon.
Max Steiner
Authors: Hickman Roger
Published: October 2022

Max Steiner provided music for over 300 films during a distinguished career that extended over three decades. He is justifiably celebrated for his scores in multiple film genres, including historical epics, romances, horror movies, and dramas. Less well known are Steiner’s contributions to film noir. Yet he is a leading composer for this dark trend in Hollywood filmmaking. Three factors go into this assessment: the number of noir films that he scored, the prestige of those films, and the overall quality of his music. The span of Steiner’s noir composition is nearly identical to that of the era itself, which is generally defined as 1940–1959. Depending on which films are viewed as film noirs, Steiner is the third or fourth most prolific composer for the genre. Among these are classics such as Mildred Pierce, The Big Sleep, Key Largo, and White Heat, a roster of noir heavies unmatched by any other composer. For the most part, his music for these films consistently reflects traits that we associate with Steiner’s other film scores. This overview focus on two qualities in these films: the use of pre-composed music and thematic material as characterization. Included in this survey are Steiner’s scores for Mildred Pierce, The Woman in White, The Beast with Five Fingers, City for Conquest, and The Death of a Scoundrel.
Переохолодження холодоагенту в парокомпресорній холодильній машині з проточним ресивером та повітряним конденсатором
Authors: Горбенко Г.О. , Турна Р.Ю. , Бучко О.В.
Published: October 2022

У холодильній техніці розглядається процес переохолодження холодоагенту в підсистемі «конденсатор – проточний ресивер» парокомпресорної холодильної машини. Потік рідини на вході та виході з ресивера є стаціонарним та має однакове переохолодження. Таке уявлення про процес суперечить законам термодинаміки. У реальному процесі на виході з конденсатора (на вході в ресивер) потік завжди нестаціонарний (квазістаціонарний), пульсувальний. На вхід у ресивер надходить то переохолоджена рідина, то двофазний потік із конденсатора. У статті це обґрунтовано теоретичними викладками та підтверджено експериментом на холодильній машині. Проточні ресивери можуть використовуватися в різних двофазних контурах теплоперенесення, у тому числі з насосним прокачуванням рідини. Перед нами поставлено завдання розрахунку та забезпечення необхідної величини переохолодження рідини на виході з ресивера, яка залежить від безлічі режимних та конструктивних параметрів. Аналіз показав, що можна коректно вирішити задачу, використовуючи лише нестаціонарну математичну модель системи, що враховує тепло- та масообмінні процеси в ресивері, повне заправлення та теплову інерційність всіх елементів системи. Виконане дослідження дозволило створити основу для побудови моделі. Для підтвердження результатів аналізу було проведено ретельний експеримент на парокомпресорній холодильній машині з повітряним конденсатором та повітряним випарником, який встановлено у холодильній камері. Випробування були організовані на холодильному агрегаті «CAE9460T Tecumseh Europe», що працює на холодоагенті R22. Експеримент було проведено при повільному зниженні температури в холодильній камері, тому вимірювання выконувались практично за установлених режимах. Через оглядове скло на виході із конденсатора (на вході в ресивер) спостерігався двофахний пульчуючий потік високої частоти з періодом Δτ < 1 с
Incorporating wildlife passive use values in collision mitigation benefit-cost calculations
Authors: Duffield John , Neher Chris
Published: October 2022

This document is a task report for a larger Wildlife Vehicle Collision (WVC) Reduction and Habitat Connectivity pooled fund study. It addresses the potential use of passive use economic values for wildlife to inform the mitigation of wildlife-vehicle collisions. Passive use, also known as non-use values, are the values individuals place on the existence of a given animal species or population as well as the bequest value of knowing that future generations will also benefit from preserving the species. This report provides a summary of the current literature of wildlife passive use value estimates and provides per-animal passive use values for selected species and populations. Additionally, an example of applying these values to a Montana road segment is outlined. Finally, a discussion of regional economic impacts of mitigation structure spending is outlined.
Força de trabalho do SAMU 192 no Brasil: Composição, capacidade operacional e procedimentos atribuídos
Authors: Malvestio Marisa Aparecida Amaro , Sousa Regina Marcia Cardoso de
Published: October 2022

Com 20 anos de implementação no Brasil, o Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU 192) chega a 85% da população, com centrais de regulação das urgências (CRU) e recursos móveis (RM), equipes de Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV) e Suporte Avançado de Vida (SAV). Objetivo: Descrever e analisar a força de trabalho do SAMU 192, segundo as categorias profissionais, capacidade operacional e atribuição de produção de procedimentos no período de 2015 a 2019. Método: Estudo censitário, observacional, descritivo e exploratório que utiliza dados do quantitativo de CRU e RM, associados aos dados públicos oficiais sobre a força de trabalho e sua produção, extraídos de sistemas de cadastro nacional do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram desenvolvidos modelos de projeção de dimensionamento para quantificar a capacidade operacional a partir da força de trabalho existente, segunda composição de equipes mínimas, padrões de carga horária e modelos de operação. Resultados: A força de trabalho do SAMU 192 cresceu 14,3%, (RM 17,2% e CRU 3,4%), chegando a 41.490 profissionais em 2019. Na CRU, os profissionais nas atividades finais cresceram acima de 14,4%, enquanto as ocupações administrativas e as demais profissões de nível superior não previstas na regulamentação cresceram respectivamente 61,1% e 59,0%. Na RM de SBV, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem são mais de 51% do total da força, enquanto os condutores, alcançam 42,4%. A participação de enfermeiros e médicos cresceu respectivamente 27,4% e 29,8%. Os modelos de dimensionamento revelaram que os profissionais de SBV (30 horas/semana), foram capazes de operar até 67,0% da RM. No SAV, o quantitativo de enfermeiros projetam capacidade operacional acima de 100%, enquanto o de médicos (24 horas/semana), projeta operação de até 36,5% da RM, podendo chegar a 64,2% em modelos com 40h semanais. Técnicos de enfermagem foram responsáveis por até 81,2% os atendimentos e 75,6% dos transportes de SBV. No SAV, a equipe formada por "médico e enfermeiro" realiza até 69% dos atendimentos de emergência e transportes, com tendência de queda. Aos enfermeiros em RM de SAV, na ausência de médicos, são atribuídos mais de 30% dos atendimentos e 28% dos transportes, com tendência de elevação, fenômeno observável também em unidades aeromédicas e embarcações de SAV. Conclusão: Houve crescimento do conjunto de profissionais que atuam no SAMU 192, todavia, como projeções demonstraram a insuficiência no quantitativo para a operação de todos os RM eam tendências como a marcante atividade dos profissionais de enfermagem nos atendimentos de urgência e transportes. A insuficiência das normativas que estruturam o modelo e a ausência de indicadores mínimos de operação, pode estar na raiz dos desafios da insuficiência de profissionais.
Uso de imágenes aéreas de alta resolución para la detección de cambios en el almacén de carbono en biomasa aérea en comunidades semiáridas, tras la introducción de la especie exótica Cenchrus ciliaris
Authors: Vega-Puga Masuly Guadalupe , Romo-Leon José Raúl , Castellanos Alejandro E. , Castillo-Gámez Reyna A. , Garatuza-Payán Jaime , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio
Published: October 2022

Antecedentes: La alteración del reservorio de carbono, tiene implicación en la modificación a los ciclos biogeoquímicos.El cambio de uso y cobertura de suelo (CUCS) es uno de los principales precursores de estas alteraciones. Como consecuencia de las actividades primarias que ocurren en zonas áridas, los reservorios de carbono son continuamente modificados. La poca información y heterogeneidad de estas zonas incrementan la incertidumbre sobre los efectos en la dinámica del carbono por CUCS. El desarrollo de nuevas metodologías, como la incorporación del análisis de imágenes aéreas RGB (rojo/verde/azul) de alta-resolución, permitirá monitorear extensiva y continuamente el carbono en zonas áridas. Preguntas: ¿Es posible estimar almacén de carbono aéreo utilizando imágenes RGB obtenidas mediante vehículos aéreos no tripulados? Sitio y años de estudio: Comunidades de matorral subtropical y pradera de buffel localizadas en la región central de Sonora, México. Agosto-octubre, 2019 y 2020. Métodos: a) Se realizaron censos de vegetación leñosa in situ, para estimar almacén de carbono en biomasa aérea (ACBA) con ecuaciones alométricas (método directo), b) Se calculó ACBA, utilizando ecuaciones alometricas y métricas de vegetación obtenidas de imágenes RGB (método indirecto). Resultados: La introducción de buffel implica la reducción de individuos leñosos, y disminución del ACBA. En total, el matorral contiene 10.35 Mg C/ha, y la pradera 3.20 Mg C/ha. Se encontró correlación y significancia entre método directo e indirecto. Conclusiones: Establecer buffel, reduce el ACBA hasta un 70 %. El uso de imágenes RGB permitió estimar ACBA en zonas áridas/semiáridas.
Exogenous trehalose protects photosystem II in heat-stressed wheat
Authors: Luo Yin , Sun Mei , Gao Yamin , Lang ShuPing , Wang Yue
Published: October 2022

Background: Photosystem II (PSII) is susceptible to heat stress. Plants naturally accumulate trehalose to improve stress tolerance. However, the mechanism by which trehalose affects PSII during heat stress is still unknown.

Questions: How does trehalose affect PSII during heat stress?

Studied species: Triticum aestivum L.

Study site and dates: Shanghai, China. 2019-2021.

Methods: Trehalose -pretreated wheat seedlings suffered from heat stress and their photosynthetic parameters were measured.

Results: Heat stress caused a reduction in the photochemical efficiency of PSII, the electron transfer rate (ETR(II)), the quantum yield of regulated energy dissipationY(NPQ) and the coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP), but increased the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation of PSII (Y[NO]). The shape of the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics (OJIP) curve in the heat-stressed wheat was altered and the primary photochemistry maximum yield of PSII (Fv/Fo) and the PSII performance indicator PIabs were reduced. Accordingly, the activities of PSII and electron transport chain, the amount of ordered α-helix structures and the content of D1 protein also decreased. However, in trehalose-pretreated wheat, D1 protein and protein secondary structures of PSII were both protected, the electron transport activities of PSII and the whole chain were improved and greater fluorescence parameters values were maintained. Lower Y(NO) and more stable OJIP were obtained.

Conclusions: Exogenous trehalose acted a vital role in the protection of the function of PSII, resulting in higherphotosynthetic capacity under heat stress.
STUDY ON DESCALING CHARACTERISTICS OF 304 STAINLESS STEEL USING PICKLING AND ABRASIVE WATER JET
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Han Jingtao , Lu Ruilong
Published: October 2022

The variability in the surface integrity, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the surface layer of 304 stainless steel after scale removal by pickling and an abrasive water jet, removing the oxide and Cr-poor layer was studied comparatively. It was found that the surfaces of the pickling specimens were etched with pits of varying sizes, with Ra of 4.384 µm and Rz of 24.81 µm, while the surface microhardness fluctuated in a range of 200–220 HV. The surfaces of the abrasive water jet specimens exhibited a stack laminar characteristic, Ra of 3.960 µm and Rz of 22.63 µm, while the surface microhardness decreased with an increase in the distance from the surface; the surface microhardness increased from the original 210 HV to 380–390 HV, producing a 1-mm deep work-hardening layer, which had a great impact on the microhardness of the substrate 0–0.3 mm from the surface. For both the pickling specimens and the abrasive water jet specimens, the material tensile strength and yield strength were slightly increased, and the elongation after fracture was significantly reduced. The corrosion resistance of the pickling specimens was better than that of the abrasive water jet specimens. The surface layer of the AWJ specimens generated a Cr-poor layer due to severe secondary oxidation, and the corrosion resistance of the material was reduced.
The Mediating Role of Organisational Cynicism on the Relationship Between Technostress and Job Performance: A Research on Teachers
Authors: CAN YALÇIN Rukiye , GÖKMEN Yunus , ERDEM Haluk , TÜREN Ufuk
Published: October 2022

This study's primary purpose is to examine organisational cynicism's mediating role in the relationship between technostress and job performance. Data are obtained from 234 teachers working in public and private schools in Turkey. In the study, correlation and regression analyses have been performed to determine the relationships and effects between variables, and the structural equation model has been used to verify the scales of the variables. In addition, the mediation role in the study has been examined with the bootstrap test in the Process module. Findings show that the validity and reliability of the scales are ensured by the results of commonly used validity and reliability analysis methods. Additionally, technostress and organisational cynicism decrease job performance and technostress significantly increase organisational cynicism. Further mediation analysis reveals that organisational cynicism partially mediates the relationship between technostress and job performance.
Financial Failure Risk - Firm Value Nexus: Evidence from The European Lodging Companies
Authors: KARADENİZ Erdinç , İSKENDEROĞLU Ömer , ÖCEK Cemile
Published: October 2022

This research study aims to determine the relationship between the financial failure risk and firm value in lodging companies operating in the European lodging industry. The impact of financial failure risks on firm value in lodging companies is tested with the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) on several econometric models established for the research study. As a result of the analysis, according to the Fulmer H Score, Ohlson Score, and Springate Score models, it is determined that the firm values increase as the financial failure risks of lodging companies decrease. There is a limited number of studies in the finance literature examining the effect of the financial failure of lodging companies on financial performance. In this context, the study tries to reveal the relationship between the risk of financial failure and firm value in lodging companies by contributing to the tourism and finance literature.
Müzakereci ve Eşitlikçi Demokrasinin Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: OECD Ülkeleri Üzerine Kulüp Yakınsama Analizi
Authors: YAĞLIKARA Aykut , BAHTİYAR Bersu
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada, OECD ülkelerinde demokrasi ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin açıklanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 1996-2020 dönemini kapsayan çalışmada, kulüp yakınsama analizi ile kişi başına gelir düzeyine göre üç farklı gruba ayrılan OECD ülkelerinde demokrasi ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki panel eşbütünleşme ve panel nedensellik yöntemleriyle incelenmiştir. Demokrasiyi temsilen müzakereci ve eşitlikçi demokratik rejim tanımlarının kullanıldığı analiz sonuçlarına göre, uzun dönemde demokrasi ve ekonomik büyüme arasında tespit edilen nedensellik ilişkisi, ülkelerin kişi başına gelir düzeylerine ve demokratik rejimin uygulanış biçimine göre farklılaşmaktadır.
Mavi Yakalı Çalışanların İşten Ayrılma Eğilimleri ve Psikolojik Sermaye İlişkisinde Çalışan İyi Olma Halinin Aracı Rolü: Mobilya Sektörü Üzerine Bir Alan Araştırması
Authors: DEMİREL Hilal , TAYFUR EKMEKCİ Özge
Published: October 2022

Çalışmanın amacı; psikolojik sermaye ve işten ayrılma eğilimi ilişkisinde, çalışan iyi olma halinin aracı rolünün belirlenmesidir. Hipotezler 163 mavi yakalıdan toplanan veriye, yol analizi yapılarak test edilmiştir. Buna göre; psikolojik sermaye ile çalışan iyi olma hali arasında pozitif yönde, güçlü bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Psikolojik sermaye, öznel ve psikolojik iyi olma halini pozitif yönde tahmin etmekte, iş yeri iyi olma halini doğrudan tahmin edememektedir. İşten ayrılma eğiliminin psikolojik sermaye, iyi olma hali ve alt boyutlarıyla anlamlı bir ilişkisinin olmadığı ve iyi olma hali boyutlarının aracı etkisinin bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. İşten ayrılma eğilimi, evli ve eğitim düzeyi yüksek çalışanlarda azalma eğilimi göstermektedir.
Ekonomik Güvenlik ve Toplumsal Güvenlik Bağlamında Uluslararası Göçün Güvenlikleştirilmesi: Fransa “Ulusal Cephe” Partisi Örneği
Authors: ŞENER Bülent , UZUN Şeyma
Published: October 2022

Geçmişte pek çok Avrupa ülkesi tarafından iş gücü ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla teşvik edilen uluslararası göç olgusu, 1990’lı yılların sonu itibariyle, giderek hem uluslararası sistemin hem de gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin ulusal, toplumsal ve ekonomik güvenliğine tehdit oluşturan bir uluslararası güvenlik sorunu olarak ele alınmaya başlanmış ve aşırı sağ partiler tarafından güvenlikleştirilen bir konu olmuştur. Özellikle 11 Eylül 2001 terör saldırı sonrasında genel olarak Batı dünyasında özel olarak da Avrupa’da yoğunlaşan göç ve göçmen karşıtı söylemler ve politikalar, Arap Baharı sürecinde zirve noktasına taşınmıştır. Göç ve göçmen karşıtlığı üzerinden yükselişe geçen aşırı sağ partiler, göçmenlerin Avrupa toplumunun homojen yapısını bozduğu, işsizliği ve suç oranlarını artırdığı şeklindeki söylemler vasıtasıyla uluslararası göçü ekonomik, toplumsal ve ulusal güvenlik bağlamında güvenlikleştirmektedirler. Avrupa’daki aşırı sağ partiler çerçevesinde sosyoekonomik ve siyasal temelde uluslararası göçün güvenlikleştirilmesinin Fransa’daki Ulusal Cephe Partisi örneği üzerinden incelendiği bu çalışmada, aşırı sağın yükselişte olduğu Batı Avrupa ülkelerinde göçün yakın gelecekte de güvenlikleştirilmeye devam edeceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Национальные трансфертные счета Молдовы-2019: особенности построения и некоторые результаты
Authors: Гагауз Ольга Евсеевна , Прохницки Валериу
Published: October 2022

В ближайшие десятилетия в Молдове, как и других странах Восточной Европы, демографическое старение населения будет оказывать существенное влияние на экономическое развитие, вызывая необходимость совершенствования социальной политики с целью уменьшения негативных последствий демографических изменений и обеспечения достойного уровня жизни различных поколений. Национальные трансфертные счета (НТС) позволяют выявить взаимосвязь между возрастной структурой населения, экономическим поведением в течение жизненного цикла и системой межпоколенческой поддержки, определить роль государства и частного сектора в покрытии расходов на потребление.

В данной статье представлен опыт построения НТС для Молдовы на основе данных 2019 г. Согласно полученным результатам, размер дефицита экономического жизненного цикла (ДЭЖЦ) в 2019 г. составил 67,6 млрд леев или 59,1% от общего трудового дохода и 32,1% от общего объема ВВП. Трудовые доходы населения Молдовы превышают потребление в коротком возрастном промежутке 30-48 лет (19 лет), что обусловлено низким уровнем занятости населения и высоким уровнем международной миграции. Объем частных текущих трансфертов на покрытие ДЭЖЦ гораздо больше государственных. Переводы международных мигрантов (трансферты между домохозяйствами) играют существенную роль в покрытии ДЭЖЦ.
A “Motor” for the Neighbourhood? Urban Planning and the Challenges of Relocating Cultural Infrastructures
Authors: Mager Christoph , Wagner Madeleine
Published: October 2022

In the past 40 years, alternative cultural institutions have been established in many Western welfare states to respond locally to the social and urban crises that have arisen in the post-war era. Community centres and workshops for local history and youth offer new opportunities for cultural and social participation and complement the offerings at more traditional cultural infrastructures such as art museums, theatres, and opera houses. Initially borne of grassroots movements that struggled for political recognition and necessary resources in protracted disputes with municipal authorities, these facilities now play important roles in the cultural landscape of many cities. In response to calls for a “democratisation of culture” and social development programmes targeting urban geographical inequalities, these institutions provide accessible and persistent spaces for socialisation, cultural empowerment, and negotiating community concerns. These facilities are often located on brownfields and are material manifestations of socioeconomic change and urban regeneration. Using the relocation of an established socio-cultural centre to a new neighbourhood in the city of Heidelberg, Germany, as an example, we seek to understand the evolving ways political and social relations are formed, negotiated, and challenged through cultural infrastructures. By analysing newspaper coverage, policy documents, and interviews with stakeholders from urban planning, city administration, community work, and resident populations, we map and evaluate shifting planning discourses and forms of embeddedness in the processes of de- and re-localisation. We end by reflecting on more open and nuanced understandings of cultural infrastructures that could generate multiple and diverse outcomes interacting and possibly outbalancing each other.