bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strongyloidiasis – diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas in hyperinfection patients: a case series
Authors: Balen Topić M. , Grubišić B. , Kovačević E. , Sviben M. , Santini M.
Published: October 2022

The helminth infection caused by Strongyloides stercoralis is widespread in tropical regions, but rare in European countries. Unfamiliarity with the disease and diagnostic obstacles could contribute to its lethal outcome. Frequent use of corticosteroids during the COVID-19 pandemic could increase its significance. The aim of this retrospective descriptive study was to explore disease patterns and discuss clinical dilemmas in patients with S. stercoralis hyperinfection treated at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases ‘Dr. Fran Mihaljević’ in Zagreb, Croatia, between 2010 and 2021. Five out of 22 (22.7%) immunosuppressed patients treated due to strongyloidiasis developed hyperinfection. All patients were male, median 64 years; four were immunosuppressed by corticosteroids (although ileum resection could have been the trigger in one) and one by rituximab. The diagnosis was established after a median of 1.5 months of symptom duration, accidentally in all patients, by visualizing the parasite in the gastric/duodenal mucosa in four cases, and bronchial aspirate in one. All patients were cachectic, four out of five had severe hypoalbuminemia and all suffered secondary bacterial/fungal infection. Despite combined antibiotic, antifungal and antihelmintic therapy, three out of five of the patients died, after failing to clear living parasites from stool samples. We can conclude that significant delays in diagnosis and lack of clinical suspicion were observed among our patients with the most severe clinical presentations of strongyloidiasis. Although being beyond diagnostic recommendations for strongyloidiasis, an early upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with mucosal sample analysis could expedite diagnosis in severe, immunosuppressed patients. The persistence of viable parasites in the stool despite antihelmintic therapy should be further investigated.
Reply to Spears’s ‘The Asymmetry of Population Ethics’
Authors: Aaron Jonas H.
Published: October 2022

Is the procreation asymmetry intuitively supported? According to a recent article in this journal, an experimental study suggests the opposite. Dean Spears (2020) claims that nearly three-quarters of participants report that there is a reason to create a person just because that person’s life would be happy. In reply, I argue that various confounding factors render the study internally invalid. More generally, I show how one might come to adopt the procreation asymmetry for the wrong reasons by misinterpreting one’s intuitions.
Prisons of Rubble and Paper in Colonial Saint-Domingue and Beyond
Authors: Wood Laurie
Published: October 2022

Ample scholarship from Foucault onward has probed the origins of prisons as a key technology for modern state control, but overemphasizes the revolutionary era as a moment of invention. The prison existed much earlier and, as this research demonstrates, gradually became a favored tool among many widely-utilized alternatives. Other historians have explored early modern strategies such as exile, used most often to punish recalcitrant subjects when other strategies did not work. This evidence points to a general pattern whereby these forms of control coexisted and even overlapped in an array of punitive options. I theorize coercive strategies as existing together within a “punitive matrix,” in which imprisonment operated as one among many methods of state control, alongside others such as galley labor, banishment, and corporal punishment. Beginning with evidence from Saint-Domingue in the first half of the eighteenth century about prisons, building out from Jean Clavier’s Léogane in the 1740s. It then turns to the archival sources themselves to understand how colonial administrators described prisons. Read together, this evidence highlights the limited power of prisons, and imprisonment, to control imperial subjects, while elucidating some of the pathways chosen by those subjects.
Misplaced Trust and Distrust: How Not to Engage with Medical Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Starke Georg , Ienca Marcello
Published: October 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a rapidly increasing role in clinical care. Many of these systems, for instance, deep learning-based applications using multilayered Artificial Neural Nets, exhibit epistemic opacity in the sense that they preclude comprehensive human understanding. In consequence, voices from industry, policymakers, and research have suggested trust as an attitude for engaging with clinical AI systems. Yet, in the philosophical and ethical literature on medical AI, the notion of trust remains fiercely debated. Trust skeptics hold that talking about trust in nonhuman agents constitutes a category error and worry about the concept being misused for ethics washing. Proponents of trust have responded to these worries from various angles, disentangling different concepts and aspects of trust in AI, potentially organized in layers or dimensions. Given the substantial disagreements across these accounts of trust and the important worries about ethics washing, we embrace a diverging strategy here. Instead of aiming for a positive definition of the elements and nature of trust in AI, we proceed ex negativo, that is we look at cases where trust or distrust are misplaced. Comparing these instances with trust expedited in doctor–patient relationships, we systematize these instances and propose a taxonomy of both misplaced trust and distrust. By inverting the perspective and focusing on negative examples, we develop an account that provides useful ethical constraints for decisions in clinical as well as regulatory contexts and that highlights how we should not engage with medical AI.
In vivo and in vitro matured bovine oocytes present a distinct pattern of single-cell gene expression
Authors: Caetano Lisandra C. , Verruma Carolina G. , Pinaffi Fabio L.V. , Jardim Izabelle B. , Furtado Gilvan P. , Silva Luciano A. , Furtado Cristiana L.M. , Rosa-e-Silva Ana Carolina J. de Sá
Published: October 2022

Oocyte gene expression is a well controlled event that promotes gamete competence to undergo maturation, fertilization, and to support early embryo development, directly affecting reproductive outcomes. Considering that in vivo controlled ovarian stimulation or in vitro maturation (IVM) for the acquisition of mature oocytes has distinct implications for gene expression, we sought to evaluate the effects of these procedures on the expression of competence-related genes in single-cell oocytes. Healthy Nelore cows of reproductive age were synchronized to harvest in vivo matured oocytes; ovaries from slaughtered animals were used to obtain cumulus–oocyte complexes that were in vitro matured. Single-cell gene expression was performed using TaqMan Low-Density Arrays and 42 genes were evaluated. In silico analysis of protein interactions and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed. Reduced gene expression was observed for 24 targets in IVM oocytes when compared with those of in vivo matured oocytes (P < 0.05). Differences ranged from 1.5-fold to 4.8-fold higher in in vivo oocytes and the BMP15 (5.28), GDF9 (6.23), NOBOX (7.25), HSPA8 (7.85) and MSX1 (11.00) showed the greatest fold increases. The strongest score of functional interactions was observed between the CDC20 and CKS2, with the differentially expressed gene CDC20 being the main marker behind GO enrichment. IVM negatively affected the expression of important genes related to oocyte competency, and showed higher expression levels in in vivo matured oocytes. In vivo controlled ovarian stimulation may be a better strategy to achieve proper oocyte competence and increase the success of assisted reproductive technologies.
Dementia caregiver burdens predict overnight hospitalization and hospice utilization
Authors: Sullivan Suzanne S. , de Rosa Cristina , Li Chin-Shang , Chang Yu-Ping
Published: October 2022

Objectives

To determine sociodemographics and caregiver burdens associated with overnight hospitalization, hospice utilization, and hospitalization frequency among persons with dementia (PWD).

Methods

Cross-sectional analysis of PWD (n = 899) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study linked to the National Study of Caregiving. Logistic and proportional odds regression determined the effects of caregiver burdens on overnight hospitalization, hospice use, and hospitalization frequency. Differences between PWD alive not-alive groups were compared on overnight hospitalization and frequency.

Results

Alive PWD (n = 804) were 2.36 times more likely to have an overnight hospital stay (p = 0.004) and 1.96 times more likely to have multiple hospitalizations when caregivers found it physically difficult to provide care (p = 0.011). Decedents aged 65–74 (n = 95) were 4.55 times more likely to experience overnight hospitalizations than 85+, hospitalizations were more frequent (odds ratio [OR] = 4.84), and there was a significant difference between PWD alive/not alive groups (p = 0.035). Decedents were 5.60 times more likely to experience an overnight hospitalization when their caregivers had financial difficulty, hospitalizations were more frequent when caregivers had too much to handle (OR = 8.44) and/or no time for themselves (OR = 10.67). When caregivers had no time for themselves, a significant difference between alive/not alive groups (p = 0.018) was detected in hospitalization frequency. PWD whose caregivers had emotional difficulty helping were 5.89 times more likely to utilize hospice than caregivers who did not report emotional difficulty.

Significance of results

Care transitions among PWD at the end of life are impacted by the circumstances and experiences of their caregivers. Subjective caregiver burdens represent potentially modifiable risks for undesired care transitions and opportunities for promoting hospice use. Future work is warranted to identify and address these issues as they occur.
Assessing the authority of the ICRC Customary IHL Study
Authors: Milanovic Marko , Sivakumaran Sandesh
Published: October 2022

This article examines the authority of the 2005 International Committee of the Red Cross Study on Customary international humanitarian law within the international legal system by collecting and analysing citations to the Study in documents containing expressions of State positions, in the judgments of international and domestic courts and tribunals and in the outputs of other influential actors. Our analysis establishes that the Study is increasingly seen as a highly authoritative instrument, such that a particular proposition will be found to reflect customary international law simply on the basis that the Study says so. We argue that the Study's authority will likely only increase over time.
To what extent do social support and mastery mediate the association between childhood maltreatment and depression? A sequential causal mediation analysis
Authors: Su Y. Y. , Li M. , D'Arcy C. , Caron J. , O'Donnell K. , Meng X.
Published: October 2022

Aims

This study aimed to examine the independent roles of various childhood maltreatment (CM) subtypes in the development of depression; quantify the joint mediation effect of social support and mastery in the association between subtypes of CM and depression and examine the additional contribution of mastery beyond the effect that is operating through social support to this relationship.

Methods

Data analysed were from the Zone d’Épidémiologie Psychiatrique du Sud-Ouest de Montréal, an ongoing longitudinal population-based study. In total, 1351 participants with complete information on the studied variables were included. The propensity score matching and inverse-probability weighted regression adjustment estimation methods were used to minimise the potential confounding in the relationship between CM and major depression. We then used inverse odds ratio-weighted estimation to estimate the direct effects of maltreatment and indirect effects of social support and mastery.

Results

We found that exposures to all maltreatment subtypes increased the risk of subsequent depression. The joint mediating effect of social support and mastery explained 37.63–46.97% of the association between different maltreatment subtypes and depression. The contribution of these two mediators differed by maltreatment subtypes, with social support being the major contributor to the mediating effect.

Conclusions

The findings of the study not only provide scientific evidence on the importance of psychosocial attributes in the development of major depression but also suggest that prevention and invention strategies should focus on these psychosocial attributes to effectively break the vicious cycle of CM on major depression.
Examining Readers’ Emotional Responses to	Stories
Authors: Hamby Anne , Motro Daphna , Shawver Zared , Gerrig Richard
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Emotional responses are a central feature of readers’ narrative experiences. Situations in which readers adopt characters’ goals and experience similar emotional reactions to story events are often the focus of research on readers’ experiences of stories. However, readers may understand (or appraise) story events in a way that differs from the main character, and may consequently feel different emotions. In the current work, we leverage an appraisal theory perspective to clarify conditions under which readers experience emotions that mirror characters’ emotional responses to story events, as well as conditions under which readers experience distinct emotions. Study 1 examined readers’ experience of anger toward different story characters. Study 2 examined readers’ experience of sadness or fear for one story character. Results suggest that readers appraise the event from both a character’s perspective as well as their individual view, which generally translates into the experience of emotions that correspond with both the character’s appraisals and their own.
Indian Cities Invest in Low-Cost Air Quality Sensors
Authors: Padmanaban Deepa
Published: October 2022

The sensors help bridge gaps in air quality data due to critical shortages of government monitoring stations.
Inverse hydride shuttle catalysis enables the stereoselective one-step synthesis of complex frameworks
Authors: Klose Immo , Di Mauro Giovanni , Kaldre Dainis , Maulide Nuno
Published: October 2022

The rapid assembly of complex scaffolds in a single step from simple precursors identifies as an ideal reaction in terms of efficiency and sustainability. Indeed, the direct single-step synthesis of complex alkaloid frameworks remains an unresolved problem at the heart of organic chemistry in spite of the tremendous progress of the discipline. Herein, we present a broad strategy in which dynamically assembled ternary complexes are converted into valuable azabicyclic scaffolds based on the concept of inverse hydride shuttle catalysis. The ternary complexes are readily constructed in situ from three simple precursors and enable a highly modular installation of various substitution patterns. Upon subjection to a unique dual-catalytic system, the transient intermediates undergo an unusual hydride shuttle process that is initiated by a hydride donation event. Furthermore, we show that, in combination with asymmetric organocatalysis, the product alkaloid frameworks are obtained in excellent optical purity.
Study of bearing strength for injection molded GFRPP composites under dry and wet conditions
Authors: Megahed A. A. , Osama M. M. , Selmy A. I. , Abdelhaleem Ayman M. M.
Published: October 2022

Thermoplastics and fiber-reinforced thermoplastics represent great deals in nowadays industries and applications where some of these applications are projected to wet environment. The present study investigates the effect of water moisture on the bearing strength (BS) of Polypropylene (PP) and glass fiber (GF) reinforced Polypropylene (GFRPP) composites. PP and GFRPP are produced by injection molding using different GF weight fractions (wt%), 10, 20, and 30 wt%, and two different initial fiber lengths 12 and 24 mm. A burnout test indicated that produced specimens with 12 mm long fibers have higher final fiber lengths than those made of 24 mm long fibers. More water was absorbed for higher GF weight fractions. The results of the dry bearing test showed higher bearing strengths for specimens with higher GF wt% and longer fibers. The same observation was obtained from wet tests, while, wet-tested specimens of all compositions have higher strengths than their dry counterparts. Strain-at-break seemed to be significantly reduced by water absorption for all specimens. Specimens tested in wet conditions have different fracture morphology than dry ones due to the change in the mechanical behavior of the materials after water immersion.
Cost analysis of pre-pectoral implant-based breast reconstruction
Authors: Chinta Sachin , Koh Daniel J. , Sobti Nikhil , Packowski Kathryn , Rosado Nikki , Austen William , Jimenez Rachel B. , Specht Michelle , Liao Eric C.
Published: October 2022

With improvement in mastectomy skin flap viability and increasing recognition of animation deformity following sub-pectoral implant placement, there has been a transition toward pre-pectoral breast reconstruction. While studies have explored the cost effectiveness of implant-based breast reconstruction, few investigations have evaluated cost with respect to pre-pectoral versus sub-pectoral breast reconstruction. A retrospective review of 548 patients who underwent mastectomy and implant-based breast reconstruction was performed from 2017 to 2020. The demographic and surgical characteristics of the pre-pectoral and sub-pectoral cohorts were well matched, except for reconstructive staging, as patients who underwent pre-pectoral reconstruction were more likely to undergo single-stage instead of two-stage reconstruction. Comparison of institutional cost ratios by reconstructive technique revealed that the sub-pectoral approach was more costly (1.70 ± 0.44 vs 1.58 ± 0.31, p < 0.01). However, further stratification by laterality and reconstructive staging failed to demonstrate difference in cost by reconstructive technique. These results were confirmed by multivariable linear regression, which did not reveal reconstructive technique to be an independent variable for cost. This study suggests that pre-pectoral breast reconstruction is a cost-effective alternative to sub-pectoral breast reconstruction and may confer cost benefit, as it is more strongly associated with direct-to-implant breast reconstruction.
Pressure driven magnetic order in Sr$$_{1-x}$$Ca$$_x$$Co$$_2$$P$$_2$$
Authors: Forslund Ola Kenji , Andreica Daniel , Sassa Yasmine , Imai Masaki , Michioka Chishiro , Yoshimura Kazuyoshi , Guguchia Zurab , Shermadini Zurab , Khasanov Rustem , Sugiyama Jun , Månsson Martin
Published: October 2022

The magnetic phase diagram of Sr$$_{1-x}$$

1
-
x

Ca$$_x$$

x

Co$$_2$$

2

P$$_2$$

2

as a function of hydrostatic pressure and temperature is investigated by means of high pressure muon spin rotation, relaxation and resonance ($$\mu ^+$$

μ
+

SR). The weak pressure dependence for the $$x\ne 1$$

x
≠
1

compounds suggests that the rich phase diagram of Sr$$_{1-x}$$

1
-
x

Ca$$_x$$

x

Co$$_2$$

2

P$$_2$$

2

as a function of x at ambient pressure may not solely be attributed to chemical pressure effects. The $$x=1$$

x
=
1

compound on the other hand reveals a high pressure dependence, where the long range magnetic order is fully suppressed at $$p_{\rm{c2}}\approx 9.8$$

p

c
2

≈
9.8

 kbar, which seem to be a first order transition. In addition, an intermediate phase consisting of magnetic domains is formed above $$p_{\rm{c1}}\approx 8$$

p

c
1

≈
8

 kbar where they co-exist with a magnetically disordered state. These domains are likely to be ferromagnetic islands (FMI) and consist of an high- (FMI-$$\textcircled {1}$$

1

) and low-temperature (FMI-$$\textcircled {2}$$

2

) region, respectively, separated by a phase boundary at $$T_{\rm{i}}\approx 20$$

T
i

≈
20

 K. This kind of co-existence is unusual and is originating from a coupling between lattice and magnetic degrees of freedoms.
Evaluation of Circle of Willis variants using magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Kızılgöz Volkan , Kantarcı Mecit , Kahraman Şevket
Published: October 2022

The Circle of Willis (COW) is an important collateral pathway to protect the persistence of cerebral blood perfusion. This study aims to investigate the morphological variants of this significant vascular structure with a large study population. 867 patients who had undergone MR angiography (MRA) evaluation were enrolled in this study. The MRA images of these patients obtained by the three-dimensional time-of-flight technique were re-interpreted to measure the vessel diameters of all components of the COW and classify the COW variations. In addition, correlations of the vessel calibers and the integrity of the COW with gender and age groups were presented. There was female dominance in the study population, and the mean age was 48. Type A was the most common variation in anterior (75.78%) and posterior (53.98%) circulation. Types G and H were the other common variation in the anterior circulation, and types E and D were the second and third common variations in the posterior COW, respectively. Smaller calibration for both ICAs, both P1s and BA were observed in females compared with the male group. Diameters of the BA, and both P1 segments were lower, and the left PCom diameter was significantly higher in the patients with a complete circle. There was a significant sex and age difference regarding the distribution of the complete, partially complete, and incomplete circle groups. The significant differences in the vessel calibers of specific components of the COW for complete, partial, and incomplete circulations revealed by this study should be explained with further research. In addition, meta-analyses with other studies in the literature might be a guide to understanding the morphological alterations of the COW and their relationships with a complete and non-complete circle.
A systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrating Klotho as an emerging exerkine
Authors: Corrêa Hugo de Luca , Raab Artur Temizio Oppelt , Araújo Thamires Marra , Deus Lysleine Alves , Reis Andrea Lucena , Honorato Fernando Sousa , Rodrigues-Silva Paolo Lucas , Neves Rodrigo Vanerson Passos , Brunetta Henver Simionato , Mori Marcelo Alves da Silva , Franco Octávio Luiz , Rosa Thiago dos Santos
Published: October 2022

Klotho is an anti-aging protein with several therapeutic roles in the pathophysiology of different organs, such as the skeletal muscle and kidneys. Available evidence suggests that exercise increases Klotho levels, regardless of the condition or intervention, shedding some light on this anti-aging protein as an emergent and promising exerkine. Development of a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to verify the role of different exercise training protocols on the levels of circulating soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) protein. A systematic search of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE through PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, CT.gov, and PEDro. Randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials that investigated effects of exercise training on S-Klotho levels. We included 12 reports in the analysis, comprising 621 participants with age ranging from 30 to 65 years old. Klotho concentration increased significantly after chronic exercise training (minimum of 12 weeks) (Hedge’ g [95%CI] 1.3 [0.69–1.90]; P < 0.0001). Moreover, exercise training increases S-Klotho values regardless of the health condition of the individual or the exercise intervention, with the exception of combined aerobic + resistance training. Furthermore, protocol duration and volume seem to influence S-Klotho concentration, since the effect of the meta-analysis changes when subgrouping these variables. Altogether, circulating S-Klotho protein is altered after chronic exercise training and it might be considered an exerkine. However, this effect may be influenced by different training configurations, including protocol duration, volume, and intensity.
Behaviour Real-Time Spatial Tracking Identification (BeRSTID) used for Cat Behaviour Monitoring in an Animal Shelter
Authors: Eagan B. H. , Eagan B. , Protopopova A.
Published: October 2022

Efficiently tracking animal behaviour in an animal shelter has direct lifesaving applications. Individualized care and early recognition of distress in cats are often missed. However, monitoring behaviour is a challenge as time and financial resources are often limited, and the size and needs of animal populations within shelters are commonly in flux. Our research required a method of behavioural observation that was simple, accessible, used limited human and computer resources and allowed for real-time feedback. Here, we present BeRSTID, an open-source behaviour real-time spatial tracking identification system demonstrated on six cats in an animal shelter using unique 2D fiducial markers. The markers were attached to custom veterinary paper identification collars for feedback on individual animal behaviour over time. Our findings show that BeRSTID correlated closely to human-coded data in both real-time and post-event processing modes of eating and drinking behaviours of cats in naturalistic shelter environments. By building upon a lateral concept of marker tracking for direct applied use in a new context, we present a low-barrier user-friendly solution using common technologies that can track animals for research and, with further development, may help improve welfare in animal care facilities such as shelters. Extensions of BeRSTID may be generalized to track unique subjects in varied environments for multiple use cases.
Anticancer ruthenium(ii) tris(pyrazolyl)methane complexes with bioactive co-ligands
Authors: Gobbo Alberto , Pereira Sarah A. P. , Biancalana Lorenzo , Zacchini Stefano , Saraiva M. Lúcia M. F. S. , Dyson Paul J. , Marchetti Fabio
Published: October 2022

New anticancer RuII-tpm complexes are presented, including a synthetic strategy to tether bioactive molecules to the metallic scaffold.
Controllable synthesis of disulfides and thiosulfonates from sodium sulfinates mediated by hydroiodic acid using ethanol and H2O as solvents
Authors: Sun Shengnan , Li Junchen , Pan Li , Liu Haibo , Guo Yongbiao , Gao Zhenhua , Bi Xiaojing
Published: October 2022

A controllable and rapid synthesis of disulfides and thiosulfonates from sodium sulfinates mediated by hydroiodic acid is presented for the first time. In these reactions, ethanol and H2O were employed as solvents to generate different products.
Death at watersheds: Galaxy quenching in low-density environments
Authors: Einasto Maret , Kipper Rain , Tenjes Peeter , Einasto Jaan , Tempel Elmo , Liivamägi Lauri Juhan
Published: October 2022

Context.The evolution of galaxies is influenced by their local and global environment in the cosmic web. Galaxies with very old stellar populations (VO galaxies withDn(4000) index ≥1.75) mostly lie in the centres of galaxy clusters, where they evolve under the influence of processes characteristic of high-density cluster environments. However, VO galaxies have also been found in poor groups in global low-density environments between superclusters, which we call watershed regions.

Aims.Our aim is to analyse the properties of galaxies in various cosmic environments with a focus on VO galaxies in the watershed regions to understand their evolution, and the origin of the large-scale morphology–density relation.

Methods.We employ the Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR10 MAIN spectroscopic galaxy sample in the redshift range 0.009 ≤ z ≤ 0.200 to calculate the luminosity–density field of galaxies, to determine groups and filaments in the galaxy distribution, and to obtain data on galaxy properties. The luminosity–density field with smoothing length 8h−1Mpc,D8, characterises the global environment of galaxies. We analyse the group and galaxy contents of regions with variousD8 thresholds. We divide groups into low- and high-luminosity groups based on the highest luminosity of groups in the watershed region,Lgr ≤ 15 × 1012h−2L⊙. We compare the stellar masses, the concentration index, and the stellar velocity dispersions of quenched and star-forming galaxies among single galaxies, satellite galaxies, and the brightest group galaxies (BGGs) in various environments.

Results.We show that the global density is most strongly related to the richness of galaxy groups. Its influence on the overall star formation quenching in galaxies is less strong. Correlations between the morphological properties of galaxies and the global density field are the weakest. The watershed regions withD8 < 1 are populated mostly by single galaxies, constituting 70% of all galaxies there, and by low-luminosity groups. Still, approximately one-third of all galaxies in the watershed regions are VO galaxies. They have lower stellar masses, smaller stellar velocity dispersions, and stellar populations that are up to 2 Gyr younger than those of VO galaxies in other global environments. In higher density global environments (D8 > 1), the morphological properties of galaxies are very similar. Differences in galaxy properties are the largest between satellites and BGGs in groups.

Conclusions.Our results suggest that galaxy evolution is determined by the birthplace of galaxies in the cosmic web, and mainly by internal processes which lead to the present-day properties of galaxies. This may explain the similarity of (VO) galaxies in extremely different environments.
Development of process for reduction in fines generation at direct reduced iron plant by coating of magnetite iron ore fines on hematite iron ore pellets
Authors: Umadevi Tekkalakote , Sridhara Komala Sivanna , Raju Munukuntla , Karthik P. , Sah Rameshwar , Basavaraja Maribasappanavar , Desai Sanghamesh
Published: October 2022

Iron ore pellet fines generation at direct reduced iron (DRI) plant is ranging from 10 to 12% during handling of the pellets from pellet plant to DRI plant. The generation of fines during handling depends on the quality of the produced pellets, mainly due to the abrasion index (AI) of the pellet. To reduce the generation of pellet fines, detailed laboratory studies have been carried out by coating the hematite iron ore pellet surface with magnetite fines generated from reduction roasting plant, and mixed magnetite fines with limestone fines. The coated green pellets were fired in a rising hearth furnace. The magnetite fines were varied from 0 to 2.5% as coating agent, and limestone fines was varied from 0 to 0.6% as coating agent mixed with magnetite fines. At optimum 1.5% magnetite fines as coating agent achieved better pellet properties and reduced the fines generation from 6.8 to 3.2% due to formation of secondary hematite phases at the pellet shell. With mixed 0.2% limestone and 1.5% magnetite fines reduced pellet fines generation from 6.8 to 4.2%. Reduction in fines generation with mixed fines was due to formation of secondary hematite and Ca-ferrite at the pellet surface. Secondary hematite and Ca ferrite phases having higher micro-hardness compared to other phases of iron ore pellet. The sequence of micro-hardness of the pellet phases is secondary hematite > Ca-ferrite > primary hematite > magnetite. The secondary hematite and Ca-ferrite formed at the pellet surface due to coating of magnetite as well as magnetite with limestone fines improved the overall pellet quality and reduced the generation of fines at DRI plant. Coating of magnetite fines alone showed better pellet properties with lesser fines generation compared to coating of mixed limestone and magnetite fines.
Prediction model of BOF end-point temperature and carbon content based on PCA-GA-BP neural network
Authors: Liu Zhao , Cheng Shusen , Liu Pengbo
Published: October 2022

Accurate prediction of temperature and carbon content of liquid steel plays an important role in steelmaking process. In order to enhance the accuracy of predicting the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) end-point temperature and carbon content of liquid steel, a hybrid model based on principal component analysis (PCA) − genetic algorithm (GA) − backpropagation (BP) neural network is proposed. PCA is used to reduce the dimensionality of the input variables and eliminate the collinearity among the variables, then the obtained principal components are seen as new input variables of the BP neural network. GA is employed to optimize the initialized weights and thresholds of the BP neural network. Data from a 250t BOF of H steel plant in China is used to test and validate the model. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the single output models is higher than that of the dual output models. The PCA-GA-BP neural network model with single output shows higher prediction performance than others. The root mean square error of temperature between predicted and actual values is 7.89, and that of carbon content is 0.0030. Therefore, the model can provide a good reference for BOF end-point control.
Hamiltonian form of an Extended Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation for Modelling the Wave field in a System with Quadratic and Cubic Nonlinearities
Authors: Sedletsky Yu. V. , Gandzha I.S.
Published: October 2022

We derive a Hamiltonian form of the fourth-order (extended) nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) in a nonlinear Klein–Gordon model with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. This equation describes the propagation of the envelope of slowly modulated wave packets approximated by a superposition of the fundamental, second, and zeroth harmonics. Although extended NLSEs are not generally Hamiltonian PDEs, the equation derived here is a Hamiltonian PDE that preserves the Hamiltonian structure of the original nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation. This could be achieved by expressing the fundamental harmonic and its first derivative in symplectic form, with the second and zeroth harmonics calculated from the variational principle. We demonstrate that the non-Hamiltonian form of the extended NLSE under discussion can be retrieved by a simple transformation of variables.
Erfassung der kommunikativen Lebensqualität und Partizipation bei Demenz: Scoping Review
Authors: Grüning Antje , Oslmeier Charlotte , Türck Julia , Büttner-Kunert Julia
Published: October 2022

Die steigende Zahl der Menschen, die an Demenz erkranken, stellt Fachkräfte und Angehörige vor große Herausforderungen. Die Erfassung der kommunikationsbezogenen Lebensqualität und Partizipation sollte fester Bestandteil der Versorgung von Menschen mit Demenz sein. Um einen Überblick über die verfügbaren Verfahren hierfür zu erhalten, wurde von März bis Mai 2020 eine Datenbankrecherche in PSYNDEX, ScienceDirect und Web of Science Core Collection nach PRISMA Kriterien durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden 22 Verfahren in die Analyse begründet eingeschlossen. Von diesen erfassen nur sieben die Kommunikationsfähigkeit und die soziale Interaktion, neun liegen insgesamt in deutscher Sprache vor. Siebzehn der 22 Verfahren stellen reine Fremdbeurteilungsverfahren dar. Bei der Erfassung der Lebensqualität spielt die Kommunikationsfähigkeit eine untergeordnete Rolle, die Beurteilung erfolgt häufig einseitig. Von praktischem Nutzen sind: DCI, CODEM, ISEKAD und Z-CADA.
Impact of Time Delay in the Analysis of Serum Ionized Calcium, Sodium, and Potassium
Authors: Dash Prakruti , Tiwari Rajlaxmi , Nayak Saurav , Mangaraj Manaswini
Published: October 2022

Introduction Delay in the analysis of serum electrolytes along with clot contact time can lead to difference in results significant enough to affect clinical decisions. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of time lag between centrifugation and analysis on levels of serum sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium in a tertiary level health care set up.

Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 70 serum samples were analyzed for ionized calcium, sodium, and potassium under different conditions with respect to time lag and clot contact time. The analysis of ionized calcium was done on Eschweiler Combiline 2, a direct ion-selective electrode (ISE) analyzer. Serum sodium and potassium were analyzed on fully automated chemistry analyzer, which is an indirect ISE analyzer. The statistical analysis was done in IBM SPSS software version 21.

Results The results for intergroup comparison with different time lag and clot contact time between all the four groups for sodium, potassium, and ionized calcium were statistically significant, as obtained by application of Kruskal–Wallis test. There was consistent decrease in the concentration of sodium and ionized calcium, and an increase in serum potassium with increased delay in analysis and clot contact time.

Conclusion The accurate measurement of electrolytes is of paramount importance for the treatment and better prognosis of critically ill patients. This can be accomplished by better management of the preanalytical phase of analysis by maintaining a standard protocol in the laboratory and sample transportation.
Hematogones: The Supreme Mimicker and a Cytomorphological Confounder in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Singh Kanwaljeet , Tiwari Dwarika , Boddu Revanth , Somasundarum Venkatesan , Mishra Kundan
Published: October 2022

Objective B-lymphocyte progenitors, namely the hematogones (HGs), may pose problems in morphological assessment of bone marrow, not only during the diagnostic workup but also while evaluating bone marrow for remission status following chemotherapy. Here, we describe a series of 12 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that included both B-ALL and T-ALL cases, which were evaluated for remission status and revealed blast-like mononuclear cells in bone marrow in the range of 6 to 26%, which on immunophenotypic analysis turned out to be HGs.

Materials and Methods This is a case series of 12 ALL cases who were undergoing treatment at the Army Hospital (Referral and Research), New Delhi. All these cases were under workup for post-induction status (day 28) and to check for suspected ALL relapse. Bone marrow aspirate (BMA), biopsy, and immunophenotyping were performed. Multicolored flow cytometry was performed using CD10, CD20, CD22, CD34, CD19, and CD38 antibodies panel.

Results BMA assessment of 12 cases revealed a maximum of 26% blastoid cells and a minimum of up to 6%, raising the suspicion of hematological relapse. However, on clinical assessment, these patients were well preserved, with preserved peripheral counts. Hence, marrow aspirates were subjected to flow cytometry using the CD markers panel, as discussed above, which revealed HGs. These cases were followed by minimal residual disease (MRD) analysis that revealed MRD-negative status, further confirming our findings.

Conclusion This case series highlights the importance of morphology and bone marrow immunophenotyping in unveiling the diagnostic dilemma in post-induction ALL patients.
Community antibiotic management of skin infections in the Torres Strait
Authors: Hempenstall Allison , Pilot Pelista , McDonald Malcolm , Smith Simon , Hanson Josh
Published: October 2022

Background There is a high burden of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) – including cellulitis – among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples living in remote communities. In tropical environments, such as the Torres Strait, cellulitis accounts for 37% of potentially preventable hospitalisations. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, effectiveness and community acceptance of outpatient antibiotic treatment for the management of skin infections in the Torres Strait. Methods This was a 12-month prospective, observational study commencing in January 2019 involving 295 adults with a skin infection across the Torres Strait. Results Most (276/295 (94%)) participants were treated successfully in the community. Of 295 enrolled patients, 151 of 295 (51%) had cellulitis, 59 of 295 (20%) had a skin abscess and 85 of 295 (28%) had a wound infection. Of the 77 of 278 (27%) infections accompanied by systemic features, 63 of 77 (82%) were managed in the community. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolate, at 165 of 261 (63%); 56 of 165 (33%) were methicillin resistant. In the 276 community-managed cases, oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was initially used in 159 (57%), oral flucloxacillin in 75 (27%) and intravenous cefazolin plus oral probenecid in 32 (13%). The clinical course was complicated in eight of 232 (3%) patients who had complete follow-up data: seven patients required hospitalisation after initial treatment in the community and one had an antibiotic side-effect. All 232 patients with complete follow-up data were content with the care they received. Conclusions Outpatient management of skin infection in the Torres Strait is effective, safe and appreciated by patients.
Differences in game playability between healthy players and problematic players
Authors: Li Elena Carolina
Published: October 2022

Games played on mobile phones or tablets have become a serious game platform. In the new International Classification of Diseases in 2019, the WHO now includes video game disorder as a mental disease, this highlights the seriousness of game addiction which has now become a global problem. Game design may be one of the factors that affect game addiction. Game playability can be used to evaluate the game design and to determine the features that can cause game addiction. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between playability and game addiction, and a comparison of the difference in playability among healthy players (N = 1286) and problematic players (N = 278) that allows game developers to design games in ways that may reduce addiction while maintaining or improving playability. In this study, 1564 valid questionnaires that collected data about the Game Playability Scale and the Game Addiction Scale showed that (1) The level of playability in the problematic players was significantly higher than in healthy players. (2) The degree of correlation between playability and game addiction in the problematic players was lower than in healthy players. (3) Some playability factors and addiction factors are negatively correlated.
Imitation, focus of attention and social behaviours of children with autism spectrum disorder in interaction with
robots
Authors: Šimleša Sanja , Stošić Jasmina , Bilić Irena , Cepanec Maja
Published: October 2022

Many studies have shown that using robot platforms can be effective for teaching children with autism spectrum
disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to compare performance on an imitation task, as well as focus attention levels and the
presence of social behaviours of children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children during an imitation task under two
different conditions, with robots and human demonstrators. The results suggested that TD children did not imitate more than
children with ASD. Children with ASD did not imitate the robot more than they imitated a person, but they showed more focused
attention to robots and expressed more social behaviours in interaction with the robots. Behaviours that were significantly more
present in ASD children than in TD children included touching the robot in the robot demonstrator condition and focusing on the
robot in the person demonstrator condition. This implies a possible preference of children with ASD towards robots rather than
towards people.
Elvan Böke: Long live the oocyte
Authors: Morgado-Palacin Lucia
Published: October 2022

Elvan Böke investigates the mechanisms that preserve the viability of dormant oocytes.
Postural control paradigm (BioVRSea): towards a neurophysiological signature
Authors: Aubonnet R , Shoykhet A , Jacob D , Di Lorenzo G , Petersen H , Gargiulo P
Published: October 2022

Objective. To define a new neurophysiological signature from electroencephalography (EEG) during a complex postural control task using the BioVRSea paradigm, consisting of virtual reality (VR) and a moving platform, mimicking the behavior of a boat on the sea. Approach. EEG (64 electrodes) data from 190 healthy subjects were acquired. The experiment is composed of 6 segments (Baseline, PRE, 25%, 50%, 75%, POST). The baseline lasts 60 s while standing on the motionless platform with a mountain view in the VR goggles. PRE and POST last 40 s while standing on the motionless platform with a sea simulation. The 3 other tasks last 40 s each, with the platform moving to adapt to the waves, and the subject holding a bar to maintain its balance. The power spectral density (PSD) difference for each task minus baseline has been computed for every electrode, for five frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and low-gamma). Statistical significance has been computed. Main results. All the bands were significant for the whole cohort, for each task regarding baseline. Delta band shows a prefrontal PSD increase, theta a fronto-parietal decrease, alpha a global scalp power decrease, beta an increase in the occipital and temporal scalps and a decrease in other areas, and low-gamma a significant but slight increase in the parietal, occipital and temporal scalp areas. Significance. This study develops a neurophysiological reference during a complex postural control task. In particular, we found a strong localized activity associated with certain frequency bands during certain phases of the experiment. This is the first step towards a neurophysiological signature that can be used to identify pathological conditions lacking quantitative diagnostics assessment.
Type Ia supernova Hubble diagrams with host galaxy photometric redshifts
Authors: Ruhlmann-Kleider V. , Lidman C. , Möller A.
Published: October 2022

Systematic uncertainties associated to type Ia supernova (SN Ia) Hubble diagrams from
photometrically selected samples using photometric SN host galaxy redshifts are investigated. The
host redshift uncertainties and the contamination by core-collapse SNe are both addressed. As a
test case, we use the 3-year photometric SN Ia sample of the SuperNova Legacy Survey (SNLS),
consisting of 437 objects between 0.1 and 1.05 in redshift with 4.7% contamination. We combine
this sample with non-SNLS objects of the spectroscopic sample from the joint analysis (JLA) of the
SDSS-II and SNLS collaborations, consisting of 501 objects mostly below 0.4 in redshift. We study
two options for the origin of the redshifts of the photometric sample, either provided entirely
from the host photometric redshift catalogue used in the selection or a mixed origin where around
75% of the sample can be assigned spectroscopic redshifts from dedicated measurements or
external catalogues. Using light curve simulations subject to the same photometric selection as
data, we study the impact of photometric redshift uncertainties and contamination on flat
ΛCDM fits to Hubble diagrams from such combined samples. Our primary finding is that photometric
redshifts and contamination lead to biased cosmological parameters. The magnitude of the bias is
found to be similar for both redshift options. This bias can be largely accounted for if
photometric redshift uncertainties and contamination are taken into account when computing the SN
magnitude bias correction due to selection effects. To reduce the residual cosmological bias, we
explore two methods to propagate redshift uncertainties into the cosmological likelihood
computation, either by refitting photometric redshifts along with cosmology or by sampling the
redshift resolution function. Redshift refitting fails at correcting the cosmological bias
whatever the redshift origin, while sampling slightly reduces it in both cases. Finally, for
actual data, we find compatible results with those from the JLA diagram for mixed photometric and
spectroscopic redshifts, while the full photometric option is biased upwards, but consistent with
JLA when all statistical and systematic uncertainties are included.