bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based novel continuous authentication system using soft keyboard typing behavior and motion sensor data
Authors: Sağbaş Ensar Arif , Ballı Serkan
Published: January 2024

Smartphones utilize various authentication methods, including passwords, fingerprints, and face recognition. While this information is quite practical and easy to remember, it introduces several security issues. The primary concerns involve theft, password forgetfulness, or unauthorized password copying. Implementing behavioral biometrics for user authentication adds an extra layer of security. The main contribution of this study is the utilization of soft keyboard typing behavior, a behavioral biometric, for continuous user recognition. To achieve this, the phone's grip style and typing characteristics of users are scrutinized using data collected from motion sensors and the touchscreen panel. Another challenge in mobile device authentication pertains to recognition accuracy and processing time. To expedite and optimize data classification, a hybrid classification structure is suggested. This structure incorporates correlation-based feature selection and a straightforward logistic regression method, offering rapid and highly accurate classification outcomes—a further contribution of this study. Experimental results demonstrate that user identification can be accomplished in as little as 0.03 ms, with a classification accuracy of up to 93%. Continuous authentication systems offer greater security compared to one-time authentication systems. Nevertheless, these systems might not always yield the most precise results. Overcoming this challenge necessitates the development of an efficient software architecture. In line with this, an additional contribution of this study is an explanation of how to construct a continuous authentication system using the developed architecture.
Water Effects on Elastic S-Wave Propagation and Attenuation Across Single Clay-Rich Rock Fractures: Insights from Ultrasonic Measurements
Authors: Yang Hui , Duan Huan-Feng , Zhu Jianbo , Zhao Qi
Published: January 2024

Though previous studies have shown that the presence of water strongly influences wave responses of rock fractures, water effects on wave behaviours across clay-rich rock fractures have been ambiguous until now. In the present study, we conducted considerable ultrasonic measurements on single rock fractures filled with kaolinite-dominant gouges at varying water saturation degrees to investigate the water effects on elastic S-wave propagation and attenuation across clay-rich rock fractures. The experimental results reveal that the S-wave velocity across single clay-rich rock fractures slightly increases and decreases with the progressively increasing water saturation degree. An increase in water saturation leads to a concave trend of the spectral amplitudes, while it moderately affects the central frequency of transmitted S-waves. In addition, the seismic quality factor across single clay-rich rock fractures follows an exponential growth trend with the water saturation, suggesting the exponentially negative relation between S-wave attenuation and the water saturation. We attribute the water saturation-dependent S-wave attributes across single clay-rich rock fractures to the combined effects of the local flow and the degradation of grain contacts. Compared to P-wave, S-wave exhibits less sensitivity to varying water saturation of clay-rich rock fracture. Upon increasing water saturation, S-waves display similar velocity and central frequency trends with P-waves. The tendencies of spectral amplitude and seismic quality factor for S-waves are approximately opposite to those for P-waves as the water saturation degree increases. We interpret these discrepancies by the fact that S-wave attributes across single water-saturated clay-rich rock fractures mainly depend on the properties of the skeletal frame, while the characteristics of the particles, pore fluid, and skeleton frame dominate P-wave behaviours. The outcomes of the current work facilitate our understanding of the fluid effects on the interaction of waves with clay-rich rock discontinuities.
Combination drug screen identifies synergistic drug interaction of BCL-XL and class I histone deacetylase inhibitors in MYC-amplified medulloblastoma cells
Authors: Zeuner Simon , Vollmer Johanna , Sigaud Romain , Oppermann Sina , Peterziel Heike , ElHarouni Dina , Oehme Ina , Witt Olaf , Milde Till , Ecker Jonas
Published: January 2024

Purpose

Patients with MYC-amplified Group 3 medulloblastoma (MB) (subtype II) show poor progression-free survival rates. Class I histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are highly effective for the treatment of MYC-amplified MB in vitro and in vivo. Drug combination regimens including class I HDACi may represent an urgently needed novel treatment approach for this high risk disease.

Methods

A medium-throughput in vitro combination drug screen was performed in three MYC-amplified and one non-MYC-amplified MB cell line testing 75 clinically relevant drugs alone and in combination with entinostat. The drug sensitivity score (DSS) was calculated based on metabolic inhibition quantified by CellTiter-Glo. The six top synergistic combination hits were evaluated in a 5 × 5 combination matrix and a seven-ray design. Synergy was validated and characterized by cell counts, caspase-3-like-activity and poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase-(PARP)-cleavage. On-target activity of drugs was validated by immunoprecipitation and western blot. BCL-XL dependency of the observed effect was explored with siRNA mediated knockdown of BCL2L1, and selective inhibition with targeted compounds (A-1331852, A-1155463).

Results

20/75 drugs effectively reduced metabolic activity in combination with entinostat in all three MYC-amplified cell lines (DSS ≥ 10). The combination entinostat and navitoclax showed the strongest synergistic interaction across all MYC-amplified cell lines. siRNA mediated knockdown of BCL2L1, as well as targeted inhibition with selective inhibitors showed BCL-XL dependency of the observed effect. Increased cell death was associated with increased caspase-3-like-activity.

Conclusion

Our study identifies the combination of class I HDACi and BCL-XL inhibitors as a potential new approach for the treatment of MYC-amplified MB cells.

Graphical abstract
Febuxostat ternary inclusion complex using SBE7-βCD in presence of a water-soluble polymer: physicochemical characterization, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Sakran Wedad , Abdel-Hakim Mai , Teiama Mohammed S. , Abdel-Rashid Rania S.
Published: January 2024

Febuxostat (FBX), a potent xanthine oxidase inhibitor, is widely used as a blood uric acid-reducing agent and has recently shown a promising repurposing outcome as an anti-cancer. FBX is known for its poor water solubility, which is the main cause of its weak oral bioavailability. In a previous study, we developed a binary system complex between FBX and sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE7-βCD) with improved dissolution behavior. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of incorporating a water-soluble polymer with a binary system forming a ternary one, on further enhancement of FBX solubility and dissolution rate. In vivo oral bioavailability was also studied using LC–MS/MS chromatography. The polymer screening study revealed a marked increment in the solubility of FBX with SBE7-βCD in the presence of 5% w/v polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000). In vitro release profile showed a significant increase in the dissolution rate of FBX from FBX ternary complex (FTC). Oral in vivo bioavailability of prepared FTC showed more than threefold enhancement in Cmax value (17.05 ± 2.6 µg/mL) compared to pure FBX Cmax value (5.013 ± 0.417 µg/mL) with 257% rise in bioavailability. In conclusion, the association of water-soluble polymers with FBX and SBE7-βCD system could significantly improve therapeutic applications of the drug.

Graphical Abstract
3D-printed Laponite/Alginate hydrogel-based suppositories for versatile drug loading and release
Authors: Munoz-Perez Elena , Rubio-Retama J. , Cussó Lorena , Igartua Manoli , Hernandez Rosa Maria , Santos-Vizcaino Edorta
Published: January 2024

Traditional approaches to solid rectal therapies have halted progress, leading to a continual decline in the use of conventional suppositories. Additive manufacturing techniques have been recently explored as a suitable innovative tool for suppository fabrication. However, little advancement has been made in composition materials for 3D-printed suppository (3DPS) manufacturing and still, conventional vehicles are often used for construct fabrication, hindering the growth in the field. As a novelty, this study unveils a ground-breaking Laponite-alginate hydrogel-based 3DPS. Interestingly, this study proposes a novel approach for loading drugs into the 3DPS employing for the first time the post-printing loading. Thus, a passive loading strategy of molecular models is developed, demonstrating the versatility and capacity to load molecules of different charges and molecular sizes within the matrix systems. This novel strategy allows adapting the load of a wide range of drugs into a single ink, which simplifies and speeds up the 3DPS technological development process for drugs with different physico-chemical properties. Additionally, in this research, a displacement strategy of the three-dimensional Laponite matrices is developed in order to enhance the drug release capacity through the 3DPS and their disintegration capacity, resulting in a significant improvement of the drug diffusion through the hydrogel matrix and a rapid disintegration of the 3DPS. Finally, our study demonstrates that the obtained 3DPS have a suitable in vivo behavior, being non-obstructive and allowing the normal motility of the rats intestine.

Graphical abstract
KinFit: A Kinematic Fitting Package for Hadron Physics Experiments
Authors: Esmail Waleed , Rieger Jana , Taylor Jenny , Bohman Malin , Schönning Karin
Published: January 2024

A kinematic fitting package, , based on the Lagrange multiplier technique has been implemented for generic hadron physics experiments. It is particularly suitable for experiments where the interaction point is unknown, such as experiments with extended target volumes. The package includes vertex finding tools and fitting with kinematic constraints, such as mass hypothesis and four-momentum conservation, as well as combinations of these constraints. The new package is distributed as an open source software via GitHub. This paper presents a comprehensive description of the KinFit package and its features, as well as a benchmark study using Monte Carlo simulations of the $$pp\rightarrow pK^+\Lambda \rightarrow pK^+p\pi ^-$$

p
p
→
p

K
+

Λ
→
p

K
+

p

π
-

reaction. The results show that improves the parameter resolution and provides an excellent basis for event selection.
Rapid generation of time-optimal rendezvous trajectory based on convex optimisation and DNN
Authors: Zhang R.D. , Cai W.W. , Yang L.P.
Published: January 2024

The minimum flight time of spacecraft rendezvous is one of the fundamental indexes for mission design. This paper proposes a rapid trajectory planning method based on convex optimisation and deep neural network (DNN). The time-optimal trajectory planning problem is reconstructed into a double-layer optimisation framework, with the inner being a convex optimisation problem and the outer being a root-finding problem. The thrust properties corresponding to time-optimal control are analysed theoretically. A DNN-based rapid planning method (DNN-RPM) is put forward to improve computational efficiency, in which the trained DNN provides a high-quality initial guess for Newton’s method. The DNN-RPM is extended to search for the optimal entering angle of natural-motion circumnavigation orbit injection problem and the minimum reconfiguration time of spacecraft swarm. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method can improve the computational efficiency while ensuring the calculation accuracy.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with food addiction in Brazilian women living in poverty
Authors: Silva-Neto Luiz Gonzaga Ribeiro , Silva Júnior André Eduardo da , Bueno Nassib Bezerra , Florêncio Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo
Published: January 2024

Food addiction (FA) has been widely investigated. For the first time, two studies reported its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in the general population and populations with mental disorders and undergoing bariatric surgery. However, the relationship between FA and DM2 needs to be better explored in different social contexts and population groups. Given this, the present study aims to evaluate whether DM2 diagnosis is associated with FA diagnosis in women living in poverty. This is a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in a Brazilian capital city. FA was assessed by the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (mYFAS) 2.0, and DM2 diagnosis was assessed by self-reporting of previous medical diagnosis. The association was assessed by multivariable Poisson regression with robust variance estimation adjusted for age, poverty situation, race/skin colour, physical activity and BMI. A total of 1878 women were included, of whom 15·1 % had FA and 3·2 % had a medical diagnosis of DM2. In the multivariable analysis, the medical diagnosis of DM2 was associated with FA (prevalence ratio, PR: 2·18; 95 % CI (1·26, 3·76)). The DM2 diagnosis was also identified to be associated with role interference (PR: 1·93; 95 % CI (1·01, 3·67)) symptom of FA. In conclusion, a positive association between FA and DM2 in women living in poverty was observed, information that adds to the current evidence already available in the literature, pointing to a new line of research and integrated care.
Inverse association between maternal serum concentrations of trace elements and risk of spontaneous preterm birth: a nested case–control study in China
Authors: Li Nana , Yu Ping , Liu Zhen , Tao Jing , Li Lu , Wang Meixian , Wei Hongwei , Zhu Yibing , Deng Ying , Kang Hong , Li Yuting , Li Xiaohong , Liang Juan , Wang Yanping , Zhu Jun
Published: January 2024

Few studies have evaluated the joint effect of trace elements on spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB). This study aimed to examine the relationships between the individual or mixed maternal serum concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr and Mo during pregnancy, and risk of SPTB. Inductively coupled plasma MS was employed to determine maternal serum concentrations of the six trace elements in 192 cases with SPTB and 282 controls with full-term delivery. Multivariate logistic regression, weighted quantile sum regression (WQSR) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to evaluate the individual and joint effects of trace elements on SPTB. The median concentrations of Sr and Mo were significantly higher in controls than in SPTB group (P < 0·05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, compared with the lowest quartile levels of individual trace elements, the third- and fourth-quartile Sr or Mo concentrations were significantly associated with reduced risk of SPTB with adjusted OR (aOR) of 0·432 (95 CI < 0·05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, compared with the lowest quartile levels of individual trace elements, the third- and fourth-quartile Sr or Mo concentrations were significantly associated with reduced risk of SPTB with adjusted aOR of 0·432 (95 % CI 0·247, 0·756), 0·386 (95 % CI 0·213, 0·701), 0·512 (95 % CI 0·297, 0·883) and 0·559 (95 % CI 0·321, 0·972), respectively. WQSR revealed the inverse combined effect of the trace elements mixture on SPTB (aOR = 0·368, 95 % CI 0·228, 0·593). BKMR analysis confirmed the overall mixture of the trace elements was inversely associated with the risk of SPTB, and the independent effect of Sr and Mo was significant. Our findings suggest that the risk of SPTB decreased with concentrations of the six trace elements, with Sr and Mo being the major contributors.
‘… And We have made from water every living thing’: water conservation and the Holy Qur’an
Authors: Blankinship Lisa A , Gillaspie Sarah , Obaideen Khaled , Aboul-Enein Basil H
Published: January 2024

Water conservation is of particular importance for arid regions, including many Muslim-majority countries. With the added pressures of human population growth and expansion and global climate change, water conservation efforts are imperative to extending the life of current water supplies as well as to sourcing water treatment methods that are religiously congruent. We review Qur’anic verses that address water usage and conservation. We searched the English translations of the King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Qur’an and the King Saud University Electronic Moshaf Project for Qur’anic scripture related to water and water conservation. A total of 25 verses were found that related to creation, water usage for agriculture and food provision/production and as a common resource for humanity. Qur’anic scripture encourages gratitude for water and wise stewardship of this resource. Specific prohibitions against the reuse of water (e.g., treated water) were not found, and recent Islamic literature supports the use of cleansed greywater. Treated greywater may thus be an additional source for agricultural needs, thus reducing the stress placed on already limited water supplies. Water conservation falls within Qur’anic scripture.
The sound of yawns makes geladas yawn
Authors: Pedruzzi Luca , Francesconi Martina , Palagi Elisabetta , Lemasson Alban
Published: January 2024

Yawning is undeniably contagious and hard to resist. Interestingly, in our species, even the mere sound of a yawn can trigger this contagious response, especially when the yawner is someone familiar. Together with humans, one other mammal species is known to produce loud and distinct vocalisations while yawning, Theropithecus gelada. Geladas are known for their complex social interactions and rich vocal communication, making them intriguing subjects for studying yawning behaviour. To explore the contagious effect of yawn sounds on geladas, we conducted playback experiments in a zoo-housed colony with animals living in two groups. We exposed them to yawn sounds (Test) or affiliative grunts (Control) produced by males from either their own group or the other one. The results were remarkable, as simply hearing yawn sounds led to yawn contagion in geladas, with multiple responses observed when the yawns came from members of their own group. This finding adds a significant contribution to the research on mimicry and behavioural contagion in primates. Moreover, it raises intriguing questions about the involvement of sensory modalities beyond visual perception in these phenomena.
Gearbox fault diagnosis method based on lightweight channel attention mechanism and transfer learning
Authors: Cheng Xuemin , Dou Shuihai , Du Yanping , Wang Zhaohua
Published: January 2024

In practical engineering, the working conditions of gearbox are complex and variable. In varying working conditions, the performance of intelligent fault diagnosis model is degraded because of limited valid samples and large data distribution differences of gearbox signals. Based on these issues, this research proposes a gearbox fault diagnosis method integrated with lightweight channel attention mechanism, and further realizes the cross-component transfer learning. First, time–frequency distribution of original signals is obtained by wavelet transform. It could intuitively reflect local characteristics of signals. Secondly, based on a local cross-channel interaction strategy, a lightweight efficient channel attention mechanism (LECA) is designed. The kernel size of 1D convolution is affected by channel number and coefficients. Multi-scale feature input is used to retain more detailed features of different dimensions. A lightweight convolutional neural network is constructed. Finally, a transfer learning method is applied to freeze lower structures of the network and fine-tune higher structures of the model using small samples. Through experimental verification, the proposed model could effectively utilize samples. The application of transfer learning could realize accurate and fast fault classification of small samples, and achieve good gearbox fault diagnosis effect under varying working conditions and cross-component conditions.
Environmental aluminum oxide inducing neurodegeneration in human neurovascular unit with immunity
Authors: Xue Yingqi , Tran Minh , Diep Yen N. , Shin Seonghun , Lee Jinkee , Cho Hansang , Kang You Jung
Published: January 2024

Aluminum oxide nanoparticle (AlNP), a ubiquitous neurotoxin highly enriched in air pollution, is often produced as an inevitable byproduct in the manufacturing of industrial products such as cosmetics and metal materials. Meanwhile, ALNP has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its potential association with neurological diseases. However, the studies about the neurotoxic effects of AlNP are limited, partially due to the lack of physiologically relevant human neurovascular unit with innate immunity (hNVUI). Here, we employed our AlNP-treated hNVUI model to investigate the underlying mechanism of AlNP-driven neurodegeneration. First, we validated the penetration of AlNP across a blood–brain barrier (BBB) compartment and found AlNP-derived endothelial cellular senescence through the p16 and p53/p21 pathways. Our study showed that BBB-penetrating AlNP promoted reactive astrocytes, which produced a significant level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The astrocytic neurotoxic factors caused neuronal damage, including the synaptic impairment, the accumulation of phosphoric-tau proteins, and even neuronal death. Our study suggests that AlNP could be a potential environmental risk factor of neurological disorders mediated by neuroinflammation.
Research and analysis of energy consumption and energy saving in buildings based on photovoltaic photothermal integration
Authors: Cui Yahan , Zhang Xinyan
Published: January 2024

In order to reduce the energy consumption of buildings, an air source heat pump assisted rooftop photovoltaic-thermal integration system is designed. The installation area of photovoltaic modules and collectors will not only affect the power side, but also affect the thermal side. Therefore, the basic architecture of the photovoltaic photothermal integration system is first established, and then the improved whale algorithm is used to optimize the photovoltaic photothermal integration system with the daily operating cost as the optimization goal. At the same time, the influence of the installation area of the photovoltaic photothermal module on the comprehensive performance of the system is analyzed, and the environmental and economic benefits of the photovoltaic photothermal system are analyzed. The results of the example show that the roof of the building has significant benefits in environmental protection and investment recovery period when the photovoltaic photothermal system with the optimal area ratio is installed on the roof of the building. The solar photovoltaic power generation system can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 147.11 t within 25 years, and the solar collector system can save 170.5 thousand yuan in 1 year. It has achieved the purpose of saving energy, reducing carbon dioxide emissions and protecting the environment.
An RNA-Seq analysis of coronavirus in the skin of the Pangolin
Authors: Deng Siwei , Tian Xuechen , Belshaw Robert , Zhou Jinfeng , Zhang Siyuan , Yang Yixin , Huang Chang , Chen Weikang , Qiu Hailu , Choo Siew Woh
Published: January 2024

Protection of the Critically Endangered East Asian Pangolin species is hampered by the vulnerability of captive individuals to infection. Studies have previously shown the pangolin to have a unique pseudogenisation of many immunity genes (including IFNE, IFIH1, cGAS, STING, TLR5, and TLR11), and we suspected that these losses could account for this vulnerability. Here we used RNA-Seq data to show the effect of these gene losses on the transcriptional response to a viral skin infection in a deceased pangolin. This virus is very closely related to the one causing the current COVID-19 pandemic in the human population (SARS-CoV2), and we found the most upregulated pathway was the same one previously identified in the lungs of SARS-CoV2-infected humans. As predicted, we found that the pathways downstream of the lost genes were not upregulated. For example, the pseudogenised interferon epsilon (IFNE) is known to be particularly important in epithelial immunity, and we show that interferon-related responses were not upregulated in the infected pangolin skin. We suggest that the pangolin’s innate gene pseudogenisation is indeed likely to be responsible for the animal’s vulnerability to infection.
Forensic analytical aspects of homemade explosives containing grocery powders and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Otłowski Tomasz , Zalas Maciej , Gierczyk Błażej
Published: January 2024

Homemade explosives become a significant challenge for forensic scientists and investigators. In addition to well-known materials such as acetone peroxide trimer, black powder, or lead azides, perpetrators often produce more exotic and less recognized Homemade Explosives (HMEs). Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide with liquid fuels are widely acknowledged as powerful explosives. Interestingly, similar explosive properties are found in mixtures of numerous solid materials with H2O2. Notably, powdered groceries, such as coffee, tea, grounded spices, and flour, are particularly interesting to pyrotechnics enthusiasts due to their easy production using accessible precursors, which do not attract the attention of security agencies. H2O2-based HMEs may become a dangerous component of improvised explosive devices for terrorists and ordinary offenders. For the four most powerful mixtures—HMEs based on coffee, tea, paprika, and turmeric—molecular markers useful for identification using the GC–MS technique have been proposed. Furthermore, the observed time-dependent changes in mixtures of H2O2 with these food products were studied and evaluated as a potential method for assessing the age of the evidence and reconstructing timelines of crimes. The paper also discusses the usefulness of FT-IR spectroscopy for identifying H2O2-based HMEs.
Study conical pick cutting performance and fatigue life in breaking rock plate process with numerical simulation
Authors: Wang Mingyan
Published: January 2024

The fatigue life and cutting performance of conical pick is essential for the roadheader machine in the excavation engineering. In rock breaking process, the rock structural conditions has a certain influence on the rock breaking and rock damage with roadheader breaking rock. Established the simulation model of conical pick cutting jointed rock to investigate the influence of the rock joint, rock bedding and confining pressure on the cutting performance and fatigue life of conical pick and rock damage. And the MATLAB is applied to solve the difficulty of rock damage statistical analysis. The research results indicated that the cutting force decreases with the rock joint length increasing, the cutting force increases first and decreases with the rock bedding angle increasing, however, the cutting force decreases first and then increases with the confining pressure increasing. The rock damage has a great relationship with the rock joint, rock bedding and confining pressure. The rock damage increases first and decreases then with the rock joint increasing and the rock bedding angle increasing. However, the influence of confining pressure on rock damage is contrary. Meanwhile, the rock fracture volume is positively correlated with damage value. The research results indicated that the rock structural parameters have an obvious influence on conical pick cutting performance and rock damage.
Magnetic circuit design for the performance experiment of shear yield stress enhanced by compression of magnetorheological fluids
Authors: Bi Cheng , Bi Erda , Wang Hongyun , Deng Chunlin , Chen Huixin , Wang Yun
Published: January 2024

The shear yield stress is an important parameter for the industrial application of magnetorheological (MR) fluids. A test equipment was designed and built to perform investigations on the behaviours of compression and shear after squeeze of MR fluids. Mathematical expression of magnetic flux density was further established. Furthermore, the magnetic field distribution of the test device based on two-coil mode and single-coil mode was simulated and compared using finite element analysis(ANSYS/Multiphysics). An experimental test system was fabricated and modified based on the final conditions and simulation results. The compression and shear after squeeze performances of MR fluids were tested. The results showed that a smaller initial gap distance or a larger compressive strain corresponds to a larger compressive stress under the same external magnetic field strength. The shear yield stress after the squeeze of MR fluids increases quickly with the increasing compression stress and the increasing magnetic flux density. This test equipment was thought to be suitable for studying the compression and shear after squeeze performances of MR fluids.
A disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs signature in hepatocellular carcinoma: prognostic prediction, tumor immune microenvironment and drug susceptibility
Authors: Liu Yanqiong , Meng Jiyu , Ruan Xuelian , Wei Fangyi , Zhang Fuyong , Qin Xue
Published: January 2024

Disulfidptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death, has attracted researchers’ attention worldwide. However, the role of disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DRLs) in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) not yet been studied. We aimed to establish and validate a prognostic signature of DRLs and analyze tumor microenvironment (TME) and drug susceptibility in LIHC patients. RNA sequencing data, mutation data, and clinical data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas Database (TCGA). Lasso algorithm and cox regression analysis were performed to identify a prognostic DRLs signature. Kaplan–Meier curves, principal component analysis (PCA), nomogram and calibration curve, function enrichment, TME, immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and drug sensitivity analyses were analyzed. External datasets were used to validate the predictive value of DRLs. qRT-PCR was also used to validate the differential expression of the target lncRNAs in tissue samples and cell lines. We established a prognostic signature for the DRLs (MKLN1-AS and TMCC1-AS1) in LIHC. The signature could divide the LIHC patients into low- and high-risk groups, with the high-risk subgroup associated with a worse prognosis. We observed discrepancies in tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immune function, function enrichment, and TIDE between two risk groups. LIHC patients in the high-risk group were more sensitive to several chemotherapeutic drugs. External datasets, clinical tissue, and cell lines confirmed the expression of MKLN1-AS and TMCC1-AS1 were upregulated in LIHC and associated with a worse prognosis. The novel signature based on the two DRLs provide new insight into LIHC prognostic prediction, TME, and potential therapeutic strategies.
Product of mobility and lifetime of charge carriers in CdTe determined from low-frequency current fluctuations
Authors: Toušek J. , Toušková J. , Křivka I.
Published: January 2024

The model, which clarifies the low-frequency fluctuations of the current flowing in CdTe sample, makes it possible to determine the product of the mobility and lifetime of the charges in mentioned semiconductor. This model, with general validity for semiconductors, is based on the interaction of shallow traps with the valence or conduction band. As a result of the action of these centers, current fluctuations appear, the mean amplitude of which increases linearly with the inverse value of the frequency. It was found that the slope of this dependence is proportional to the product of mobility µ and a constant which is common to all shallow traps and which is denoted by the symbol a. The lifetime of charges located on shallow traps varies according to the relationship τ = a/f and for fmin it acquires a maximum value of τmax, which agrees with the stationary lifetime. For the p-CdTe crystalline semiconductor the mobility-lifetime product µpτp = (6.6 ± 0.3) × 10–7 cm2V–1was obtained. Similar study of n-type CdTe showed µnτn = (7.5 ± 0.3) × 10–8 cm2V–1.
A multiple-coordination framework for CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cells
Authors: Huang Jincheng , Zhou Dingjian , Yan Huibo , Meng Chunfeng , Yang Yuzhao , Liu Jun , Wang Ming , Xu Ping , Peng Zhuoyin , Chen Jianlin , Li Guijun
Published: January 2024

A multiple-coordination framework is constructed by the coordination of choline chloride with negatively/positively charged defects in devices. A charge neutralized passivation network is formed and charge extraction between layers is enhanced. A high efficiency of 17.06% for CsPbI2Br PSCs is obtained.
The Estimation of Heritability of Weekly Body Weights in Japanese Quails with ML (Maximum Likelihood) Method
Authors: Kayaalp G. Tamer , Baylan Mıkaıl , Canogulları Sıbel
Published: January 2024

In this study the heritability of body weights of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japanica) was estimated by using ML (Maximum Likelihood) methods. Firstly, the variance components were estimated by using ML method which were later estimated the heritability for weekly body weights. The estimation of heritability of body weights are following: for third week: 0.272±0.066, for fourth week: 0.60±0.13, for fifth week: 0.312±0.074
The relationship between dry matter intake and the average daily gain
Authors: Uskenov Rashit , Yengsebek Togzhan , Kurzhykaev Zhumagazy , Bostanova Saule , Akkair Bakytzhan
Published: January 2024

The productivity of animals is closely related to the quality of the diet and of dry matter intake.
Dry matter intake (DMI) is a factor that needs to be assessed before an animal’s diet can be calculated correctly. Purebred bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed in the amount of 70 heads of 7-8 months of age were selected for the experiment. By the end of the test, the bulls were about 11-12 months old.
The average weight of the bulls when put to the test was 248.47 ± 2.46 kg, at the end of the test their average weight was 319.7 ± 3.44 kg. It is worth noting that the largest average daily increase was 2.46 ± 0.05 kg, which was in a bull that consumed 6.26 kg of dry matter per day, while the lowest average daily increase was 0.36 ± 0.05 kg, which was in a bull that consumed 5.67 kg of dry matter.
A Research on Metal and Metallurgical Properties of Chisel Plough Shanks
Authors: Barut Zeliha Bereket , Özdemir Serkan
Published: January 2024

Reduced tillage forms a subgroup of conservation tillage. In this system, chisel or disc tools are generally used for primary soil tillage, and milling machines, disc tools or cultivators are used for secondary soil tillage and seedbed preparation. The entire area is tillaged so that the plant residues are on the soil surface and prone to the surface. It provides significant fuel and energy savings compared to conventional tillage due to less machine traffic. In order to ensure sustainability, conservation tillage (using a chisel instead of the mouldboard plough that works by turning the soil) as an alternative to conventional tillage and the development of agricultural tools and machines used for this purpose have gained great importance. Chisel is a soil cultivation tool widely used in stubble destruction and conservation tillage system. It is known that the chisel provides significant savings in terms of fuel consumption compared to the mouldboard plough. For a chisel construction that can operate at an optimal level, the basic requirement is to have optimal material quality, optimal weight and optimal cost. In this research, the physical and chemical processes of chisel shanks produced as cast steel were examined. It is of primary importance that it provides minimum fuel consumption with its optimal chemical content, easy mounting to the chassis, unbreakable model structure and angles. A casting and agricultural machinery company that helped with the study was visited and the GS-52 steel casting process, which is widely used for chisel shank in our country, was examined and tensile, yield and rupture tests were performed. As a result, it has been observed that a better construction can be created by changing the chemical content of GS-52 steel. Different trials to be carried out as the continuation of the research will help determine the optimal structure of the chisel shank.
Methods of Blackberry Propagation in vitro Condition
Authors: Dönmez Betül Ayça , Polat Şule , Hamakhan Awara Muhammad , Kafkas Nesibe Ebru
Published: January 2024

Blackberry, one of the most important fruit species belonging to the Rosaceae family, can be grown in different environments due to having wide adaptation ability. Although it originated in Europe, today most of the common cultivars have North American origin. Also, expansion of its production last 25 years especially in Europe and the USA, the blackberry has become the fourth berry in the fresh berry market after strawberries, blueberries, and raspberries. Blackberry fruits are rich in vitamins, polyphenols, minerals, and antioxidants, especially gallic acid and routine. Many studies have proven that high nutritional composition has a positive effect on human health in preventing various diseases. It has an important place in the fresh and processed market. Frozen fruits can be used processed such as an ice cream, juice, jam, marmalade, cake, and sweet products. Blackberry breeding studies have been ongoing for over 100 years to increase yield and fruit quality, thornless cane, to improve disease insect resistance, and cane management and primocane fruiting. In vitro propagation is an alternative method to introduce new cultivars quickly into the market and to provide disease-free planting material compared with traditional methods. The purpose of this study was to summarize blackberry propagation methods in vitro conditions.
Milk composition characteristics of domestic yellow breed cows in the village herd
Authors: Göncü Serap , Ergül Şerife , Ergül Atalay , Anitaş Özgül , Gökçe Gökhan
Published: January 2024

Turkiye is considered one of the most important gene centers in the world. Archaeological evidence and studies conducted to date show that cattle, sheep and goats were domesticated in Anatolia and its immediate surroundings. Since a detailed census based on the breeds and their characteristics of these species cannot be made today, no precise information can be obtained about the current status of the breeds. The skin color of the local yellow cows raised in the region was used, ranging from almost black brown and dirty yellow to red and cinnamon. It has been determined that they are small-bodied and have short horns. The rump is higher than the withers, and the back line is also seen to be straight. Horn color is dark black. The area around the eyes, sides of the face, neck, shoulder blades and shaped tip are darker. The tip of the nose is dark to black, and around the nose and mouth there is a slightly lighter-colored, sometimes off-white ring depending on the areas. The inner sides of the sections are light colored. Nail color is dark gray or black, close to black. The average dry matter of domestic yellow breed cattle was determined as 11.67, SNF 9.64, fat 2.15 and protein 3.53. However, it is understood that there is a significant deviation in the minimum and maximum values.
Use of milk’s electrical conductivity in the detection of mastitis
Authors: Gökçe Gökhan
Published: January 2024

Mastitis is a costly udder disease affecting dairy cattle. Decreased milk yield, treatment and labor costs, decreased milk quality and cow death etc. are some of the factors that make up costs. These losses are caused by subclinical mastitis without visible symptoms. Mastitis can be detected by performing one of the simple screening tests such as electrical conductivity (EC) measurement of milk. Our study evaluated the use of this method for the detection of subclinical and clinical mastitis.
Eco-Friendly Purification of Heavy Metal Contaminated Wastewater Using Pomegranate Peel and Chitosan Derived Flocculant
Authors: Khankishiyeva Rana , Maharramova Leyla , Musayeva Aydan
Published: January 2024

This research explores the potential of using pomegranate peels and chitosan as a natural flocculant for pre-treating wastewater to enhance sand filtration and remove heavy metals (Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) effectively. Active compounds like tannin are extracted and purified from the pomegranate peels, then chitosan and tannin are modified to create a novel flocculant. The synthesized flocculant is characterized and its performance is evaluated through laboratory experiments, analyzing factors such as dosage, pH, and heavy metal concentration. The results of this work can provide a safe, easy, eco-friendly and cheap method of wastewater treatment.
Drinking water safety and comparison of drinking water characteristics with multi-criteria decision making (mcdm) methods
Authors: Abdulvahitoğlu Adnan
Published: January 2024

Food and food security have been a strategic issue for societies throughout human history. Countries tried to be self-sufficient in food, especially in basic foodstuffs. Water safety has become one of the most crucial components in the idea of food safety due to the gradual decrease and pollution of water and water resources, as well as the constant rise in the global population and the need for water. Turkiye seems like a state with lots of water resources. However, due to the drought brought on by climate change, the water needs of the quickly growing population, and the ongoing rise in the amount of water needed in agriculture, the amount of water utilized per person has fallen below the critical level. The problem of drought and water scarcity is expected to deepen in the coming years. In this context, it is seen that the number of enterprises in the packaged water market will increase day by day and the water market will continue to grow. Consumers make a brand choice by looking at the mineral values or the price written on the water bottles. Although many factors are effective in brand selection, many consumers tend to make decisions by looking at the pH value. Not only the pH value but also the minerals in the water have indispensable effects for human life. Therefore, in order to raise awareness of consumers in their preferences, a model was created in which the healthiest water brand is determined by evaluating the properties of bottled water with the standard deviation based MAUT, one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods.
Optimization of the parameters of the pneumatic feed mechanism for precise clustered sowing
Authors: Alimova Feruza , Saidova Mukhayyokhon , Primqulov Bekzod , Erdem Tunahan
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the description of one of the ways to improve the mechanization of sowing, namely, precise sowing in a clustered way. It is analyzed that precise sowing provides a given placement of plants over the area and makes it possible increase productivity, to reduce labor costs for thinning plants, seed consumption and operating costs of the aggregates. Data are presented on the mechanization of sowing row crops in Uzbekistan, on the main advantages and disadvantages of the applied mechanical and pneumatic planters. It is noted that industrial pneumatic feed mechanisms do not meet the increased quality requirements for clustered sowing of cotton seeds in Uzbekistan and are one of the factors limiting the widespread introduction of intensive technology. An analysis is given of the need to develop a pneumatic feed mechanism for precise sowing of row crops in a clustered way for the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan and the justification of its parameters. The data on the study of the technological process of sowing and the refinement of the parameters obtained in analytical calculations are presented. According to the results of experimental studies and tests, the correctness of the theoretical premises and the performance of the experimental feed mechanism were checked. The optimization of the main parameters and operating mode of the feed mechanism for precise sowing in a clustered way has been carried out. The data obtained in the experiments were processed using the PLANEXР program developed for the Personal Computer and regression equations were obtained that adequately describe the evaluation criteria. Therefore, to ensure maximum accuracy of sowing cotton seeds and perform the required quality of work at aggregate operating speeds of 1.66-2.24 m / s, the number of revolutions of the sowing disc should be 23.87-27.62 rpm, and the installation height of the feed mechanism should be within 9.02-9.24 cm. With these values of the factors, criterion Y1, i.e. the number of seeds in the cluster is 3.03-3.28 pieces, criterion Y2, i.e. the distance between the clusters is 14.00-15.57 cm, and criterion Y3, i.e., the length of the clusters is in the range of 0.95-1.12 cm, which meets the agro technical requirements.
Improvement methods of feeding of aquaculture
Authors: Isakova Farida , Tadjibekova Iroda , Kurbonov Fazliddin
Published: January 2024

For stable, sustainable provision of the country’s population with a variety of fish products, a scientifically sound strategy for the development of the fishing industry is needed, which consists in optimizing aquaculture cultivation technologies. The priorities of the development of aquaculture are the use of resource-saving technologies and equipment, reduction of losses during fishing, transportation, processing and sale of products, and efficient use of aquatic biological resources. This article presents material on the use of modern technologies in the distribution of feed for proper nutrition of fish.
Determination of fire intensity after forest fire by remote sensing: marmaris case study
Authors: Sandal Erzurumlu Gülden , Yıldız Nuriye Ebru
Published: January 2024

Forest fires in Turkiye are a frequently encountered natural disaster, especially in recent years. After a fire, identifying the plant species to be used in the area and determining the intensity of the fire in the region are important for assessing the area’s capacity for natural regeneration. In this process, geographic information systems and remote sensing methods and techniques are commonly used tools for assessing burned areas and fire intensities following forest fires. In this study, one of Turkiye’s devastating fires, the Marmaris fire, which began on June 21, 2022, is examined. Landsat satellite images, geometrically and radiometrically corrected, were utilized to determine the intensity of the Marmaris fire. As part of the method, the NBR (Normalized Burn Ratio), dNBR (Difference Normalized Burn Ratio), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and dNDVI (Difference Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) indices were used for burned area detection. As a result of the study, information about the burned areas, fire intensities, and the regenerative capabilities of post-fire vegetation growth has been obtained. Furthermore, suitable pioneer plant species, considering the fire intensity, have been suggested for the restoration of burned landscape areas after the fire. This study is expected to serve as a guide for relevant public institutions and organizations, particularly the General Directorates of Forestry, enabling them to respond most effectively after fires and implement reforestation efforts considering the usage areas and growth capabilities of needle-leaved and broad-leaved plants.