bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Acceptability of the Internal Gap of CAD/CAM PD-AG Crowns Using Intraoral Digital Impressions
Authors: Kim Tae-Gyung , Kim Sungtae , Choi Hyunmin , Lee Jae-Hoon , Kim Jae-Hong , Moon Hong-Seok
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this study was to compare the internal gap between CAD/CAM palladium-silver crowns and cast gold crowns generated from intraoral digital versus conventional impressions and to determine the clinical acceptability. Nickel-chrome master dies were made from the prepared resin tooth with the conventional impression method (n=40). For ICC (Intraoral, CAD/CAM) group, 10 intraoral digital impressions were made, and 10 CAD/CAM crowns of a PD-AG (palladium-silver) machinable alloy were generated. For IC (Intraoral, Cast) group, 10 gold crowns were cast from ten intraoral digital impressions. For CCC (Conventional, CAD/CAM) group, 10 CAD/CAM PD-AG crowns were made using the conventional impression method. For CC (Conventional, Cast) group, 10 gold crowns were fabricated from 10 conventional impressions. One hundred magnifications of the internal gaps of each crown were measured at 50 points with an optical microscope and these values were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (α=0.05). The internal gap of the intraoral digital impression group was significantly larger than in the conventional impression group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the CAD/CAM group and the cast group (P>0.05). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, crowns from intraoral digital impressions showed larger internal gap values than crowns from conventional impressions.
Khatri-Rao Products for Operator Matrices Acting on the Direct Sum of Hilbert Spaces
Authors: Ploymukda Arnon , Chansangiam Pattrawut
Published: November 2016

We introduce the notion of Khatri-Rao product for operator matrices acting on the direct sum of Hilbert spaces. This notion generalizes the tensor product and Hadamard product of operators and the Khatri-Rao product of matrices. We investigate algebraic properties, positivity, and monotonicity of the Khatri-Rao product. Moreover, there is a unital positive linear map taking Tracy-Singh products to Khatri-Rao products via an isometry.
Tricholoma matsutake Aqueous Extract Induces Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis via Caspase-Dependent Mitochondrial Pathway
Authors: Wang Yanzhen , Chen Yiling , Zhang Xinrui , Cai Guangsheng , An Shengshu , Wang Xue , Teng Lirong , Wang Di
Published: November 2016

Tricholoma matsutake, one of widely accepted functional mushrooms, possesses various pharmacological activities, and its antitumor effect has become an important research point. Our study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity activities of T. matsutake aqueous extract (TM) in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. In in vitro experiments, TM strikingly reduced cell viability, promoted cell apoptosis, inhibited cell migration ability, induced excessive generation of ROS, and caused caspases cascade and mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In in vivo experiments, 14-day TM treatment strongly suppressed tumor growth in HepG2 and SMMC-7721-xenografted nude mice without influence on their body weights and liver function. Furthermore, TM increased the levels of cleaved poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), Bad, and Bax and reduced the expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in treated cells and tumor tissues. All aforementioned results suggest that caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathways are involved in TM-mediated antihepatocellular carcinoma.
Therapeutic Effects of Quercetin on Inflammation, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Chen Shuang , Jiang Hongmei , Wu Xiaosong , Fang Jun
Published: November 2016

In previous studies, abdominal obesity has been related to total low-grade inflammation and in some cases has resulted in insulin resistance and other metabolism related disorders such as diabetes. Quercetin is a polyphenol, which is a derivative of plants, and has been shownin vitroas well as in a few animal models to have several potential anti-inflammatory as well as anticarcinogenic applications. The substance has also been shown to aid in the attenuation of lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation, and capillary permeability. However, further research is called for to gain a better understanding of how quercetin is able to provide these beneficial effects. This manuscript reviewed quercetin’s anti-inflammatory properties in relation to obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Exploring Determinants of Attraction and Helpfulness of Online Product Review: A Consumer Behaviour Perspective
Authors: Chen Xu , Sheng Jie , Wang Xiaojun , Deng Jiangshan
Published: November 2016

To assist filtering and sorting massive review messages, this paper attempts to examine the determinants of review attraction and helpfulness. Our analysis divides consumers’ reading process into “notice stage” and “comprehend stage” and considers the impact of “explicit information” and “implicit information” of review attraction and review helpfulness. 633 online product reviews were collected from Amazon China. A mixed-method approach is employed to test the conceptual model proposed for examining the influencing factors of review attraction and helpfulness. The empirical results show that reviews with negative extremity, more words, and higher reviewer rank easily gain more attraction and reviews with negative extremity, higher reviewer rank, mixed subjective property, and mixed sentiment seem to be more helpful. The research findings provide some important insights, which will help online businesses to encourage consumers to write good quality reviews and take more active actions to maximise the value of online reviews.
Alcohol Intake and Risk of Incident Melanoma: A Pooled Analysis of Three Prospective Studies in the United States
Authors: Rivera Andrew , Nan Hongmei , Li Tricia , Qureshi Abrar , Cho Eunyoung
Published: December 2016

Background: Alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of numerous cancers, but existing evidence for an association with melanoma is equivocal. No study has evaluated the association with different anatomic locations of melanoma.

Methods: We used data from three large prospective cohort studies to investigate whether alcohol intake was associated with risk of melanoma. Alcohol intake was assessed repeatedly by food-frequency questionnaires. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).

Results: A total of 1,374 cases of invasive melanoma were documented during 3,855,706 person-years of follow-up. There was an association between higher alcohol intake and incidence of invasive melanoma (pooled multivariate HR 1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00–1.29] per drink/day; Ptrend = 0.04). Among alcoholic beverages, white wine consumption was associated with an increased risk of melanoma (pooled multivariate HR 1.13 [95% CI, 1.04–1.24] per drink/day; Ptrend <0.01) after adjusting for other alcoholic beverages. The association between alcohol consumption and melanoma risk was stronger for melanoma in relatively UV-spared sites (trunk) versus more UV-exposed sites (head, neck, or extremities). Compared with nondrinkers, the pooled multivariate-adjusted HRs for ≥20 g/day of alcohol were 1.02 (95% CI, 0.64–1.62; Ptrend = 0.25) for melanomas of the head, neck, and extremities and 1.73 (95% CI, 1.25–2.38; Ptrend = 0.02) for melanomas of the trunk.

Conclusions: Alcohol intake was associated with a modest increase in the risk of melanoma, particularly in UV-protected sites.

Impact: These findings further support American Cancer Society Guidelines for Cancer Prevention to limit alcohol intake. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(12); 1550–8. ©2016 AACR.
Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Critical Review of State of the Art
Authors: Jones Robert P , Kokudo Norihiro , Folprecht Gunnar , Mise Yoshihiro , Unno Michiaki , Malik Hassan Z , Fenwick Stephen W , Poston Graeme J
Published: November 2016

Background: Over 50% of patients with colorectal cancer will develop liver metastases. Only a minority of patients present with technically resectable disease. Around 40% of those undergoing surgical resection are alive five years after their diagnosis compared with less than 1% for those with disseminated disease treated with systemic chemotherapy. Surgical resection remains the only possibility for long-term survival for these patients and great efforts have been made to increase the rates of resection whilst improving long-term outcomes. Summary: This review considers current technical and oncological criteria for resection, as well as targeted approaches to stratify underlying tumor biology in order to better predict long-term benefit. The role of neoadjuvant and perioperative systemic chemotherapy is critically reviewed, with suggestions for patient stratification in order to identify those who are likely to derive the greatest benefit. The key role of multidisciplinary assessment and decision making for these complex patients is also discussed. Key Messages: Surgery remains the optimal treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Despite the curative intent of surgical resection, the majority of patients develop recurrence. Surgical strategies should therefore be adopted to maximize the potential for repeat resections in the event of recurrence. Although a number of preoperative prognostic markers have been identified, none are absolute contraindications to resection. In order to reduce postoperative recurrence, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is now the standard of care in a number of countries. The evidence base for this approach is contentious, and the potential benefit of such a strategy is likely to be greatest in patients with high oncological risk disease. Multidisciplinary care is essential to ensure the optimal management of these complex patients. In addition, all patients with CRLM should be discussed with specialist hepatobiliary surgeons.
New Perspectives in the Treatment of Colorectal Metastases
Authors: Elias Dominique , Viganò Luca , Orsi Franco , Scorsetti Marta , Comito Tiziana , Lerut Jan , Cosola Davide , Torzilli Guido
Published: November 2016

Background: In recent years, the management of metastatic colorectal cancer has become more aggressive and more multidisciplinary. New treatment options have been proposed in addition to the standard approach of resection of liver metastases and chemotherapy. Summary: Selected patients with synchronous limited peritoneal and liver disease (peritoneal cancer index <12 and <3 liver metastases) can be scheduled for aggressive treatment, including cytoreductive surgery, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and liver resection. This approach has achieved survival benefits, even if the treatment is unlikely to be curative in most patients. Moreover, liver transplantation has been recently reconsidered for liver-only metastases, resulting in the defacto reinstatement of the chance of surgery for some unresectable patients. Even though indications for liver transplantation remain to be standardized, preliminary studies have reported extremely promising outcomes. Radio-embolization has proven to be an effective additional tool for the treatment of unresectable tumors, and its potential role in association with chemotherapy for resectable disease is currently being investigated. Stereotactic body radiation therapy is a safe, non-invasive, and effective therapeutic option for patients with inoperable oligometastatic disease. Thanks to recent technical progress, high radiation doses can now be delivered in fewer fractions with excellent local disease control and a low risk of radiation-induced liver injury. Finally, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for colorectal metastases has become more effective, with results approaching those of surgical series. New interstitial treatments, such as microwave ablation and irreversible electroporation, could overcome some of the limitations of RFA, thereby further expanding indications and optimizing outcomes. Key Messages: Currently, a multidisciplinary approach to patients with colorectal liver metastases is mandatory. Aggressive surgical treatments should be integrated with all the available non-surgical options to maximize disease control and patient survival.
Surgery of Colorectal Liver Metastases: Pushing the Limits
Authors: Torzilli Guido , Adam René , Viganò Luca , Imai Katsunori , Goransky Jeremias , Fontana Andrea , Toso Christian , Majno Pietro , de Santibañes Eduardo
Published: November 2016

Background: The recent advent of more effective chemotherapy and the development of surgical procedures have expanded the pool of resectable patients with colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Two-stage hepatectomy (TSH), associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS), and ultrasound-guided enhanced one-stage hepatectomy (e-OSH) are the surgical solutions proposed for these patients, but the range of indications for these procedures vary from institution to institution. Summary: The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are herein discussed. Patients who drop out between the staged operations of TSH limit its success rate, although predictive scores may help with patient selection and thereby optimize the results. Safety and oncological suitability are concerns to be addressed when considering ALPPS. These concerns notwithstanding, ALPPS has introduced an innovative concept in surgery: the monosegmental remnant liver. Studies involving e-OSH have proven the oncological suitability of tumor exposure once the CLM is detached from major intrahepatic vessels. This finding could expand the indications for e-OSH, although the technical challenges that it entails limit its spread among the surgical community. The liver-first approach involves the clearance of tumors from the liver before the colorectal primary is tackled. This approach fully justifies the complexity of e-OSH. Key Messages: Predictive scores limiting the interstage dropout of TSH, partial and monosegmental ALPPS, and R1 vascular e-OSH justified by solid long-term results represent new insights that could help refne the patient assignment to each of these approaches. Additionally, liver transplantation is an emerging treatment for CLM that should be taken into account.
Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Promotes Angiogenesis via the Angiopoietin 1/ Tie-2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Tangting , Chen Ni , Pang Ningbo , Xiao Lamei , Li Yongjie , Li Rong , Luo Mao , Deng Xin , Ren Meiping , Wu Jianbo , Wang Liqun
Published: November 2016

Background: The flowers of Carthamus tinctorius L. are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), the main constituent of C. tinctorius L. flowers, is known for its multiple biological activities. The present study investigated the effects of HSYA on angiogenesis in vitro and in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model. Methods: Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro and a mouse hindlimb ischemia model in vivo, the angiogenic role of HSYA was evaluated. Results: HSYA significantly increased the capillary-like tube formation and migration of HUVEC. HSYA not only induced a rise in the expression of angiopoietin 1 and Tie-2 but it also increased phosphorylation of Tie-2, Akt, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Furthermore, an anti-Tie-2 neutralizing antibody significantly inhibited HSYA-induced HUVEC tube formation and migration. In vivo, the recovery of perfusion of ischemic hindlimb tissue after femoral artery interruption was significantly increased in HSYA-treated mice compared to vehicle controls. Consistent with these results, the arteriole and capillary densities in ischemic gastrocnemius muscles were significantly increased in HSYA-treated mice. Conclusions: These results indicate the potential utility of HSYA for the treatment of ischemic diseases.
ІНВАЛІДНІСТЬ ДІТЕЙ ЯК ПРОБЛЕМА ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВЯ: ПРОФІЛАКТИКА ТА ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ
Authors: Slabkiy G. O. , Shafranskiy V. V. , Dudina O. O.
Published: November 2016

Мета: вивчити та проаналізувати стан інвалідності дітей в Україні з позиції необхідності профілактики інвалідності дітей та забезпечення їх реабілітації в умовах системи громадського здоров’я.Матеріали і методи. Матеріалами дослідження стали дані галузевої статистичної звітності за період 2011–2015 рр. У ході дослідження використано статистичний та бібліосемантичний методи.Результати. Станом на 31.12.2015 р. в Україні налічувалося 153547 дітей-інвалідів. Зареєстровано зменшення поширеності інвалідності з 207,6 на 10 тис. дітей віком до 18 років у 2011 р. до 201,6 у 2015 році. Первинна інвалідність за цей період зменшилася з 23,4 до 21,6 на 10 тис. дитячого населення. Найбільш інвалідизуючими хворобами є природжені вади розвитку, деформації та хромосомні аномалії, розлади психіки та поведінки і хвороби нервової системи. Показники інвалідності дітей мають суттєві відмінності за регіонами.Висновки. У вирішення питань профілактики інвалідності дітей та реабілітації дітей-інвалідів має значний внесок зробити система громадського здоров’я, яка сьогодні формується в України.
ДО ПИТАННЯ СМЕРТНОСТІ НАСЕЛЕННЯ В РЕЗУЛЬТАТІ САМОРУЙНІВНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ
Authors: Slabkiy G. O. , Zashchik N. S.
Published: November 2016

Мета: вивчити та проаналізувати рівень саморуйнівної поведінки населення України.Матеріали і методи. Матеріалами дослідження стали дані галузевої статистичної звітності за період 2011–2015 років. У ході роботи використано статистичний та бібліосемантичний методи.Результати. Отримані результати вказують на високий рівень самогубств населення України з тенденцією до його зменшення. Показники самогубств населення відрізняються за регіонами країни. Враховуючи недосконалість статистичної звітності, отримані дані можуть бути недостатньо об’єктивними.Висновки. Ситуація щодо самогубств в країні потребує розробки державної програми зі збереження психічного здоров’я населення.
МОДЕЛЬ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ РИЗИКУ РОЗВИТКУ РОЗЛАДІВ АДАПТАЦІЇ Й АДИКТИВНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ У СТУДЕНТІВ МОЛОДШИХ КУРСІВ
Authors: Kioseva O. V.
Published: November 2016

Мета – розробити математичну модель індивідуального прогнозування ризику розвитку розладів адаптації й адиктивної поведінки у студентів молодших курсів університету для удосконалення лікувально-діагностичних та профілактичних заходів медико-соціальної допомоги.Матеріали і методи. Проведено комплексну оцінку психоемоційного та адиктивного статусу 1076 студентів молодших курсів університету. За рахунок кластерізації здійснено розподіл на групи; за допомогою методу бінарної логістичної регресії проаналізовано причинно-наслідкові зв'язки та встановлено роль прогностичних чинників ризику у формуванні розладів адаптації й адиктивної поведінки молоді. У дослідженні застосовувалися інформаційно-аналітичний, соціально-демографічний, клініко-анамнестичний, клініко-психопатологічний, психодіагностичний, математико-статистичний методи.Результати. Доведено, що студенти молодших курсів схильні до вживання ПАР (80,9%). Бінарна логістична регресія визначала вірогідність настання події залежно від значень незалежних змінних. Отримані таблиці специфікацій дозволили розрахувати діагностичні характеристики для цієї моделі: чутливість – 63,4%; специфічність – 58,3%; ефективність – 60,9%;Висновки. Отримана бінарна логістична регресія є адекватною і працездатною математичною моделлю для індивідуального прогнозу розвитку розладів адаптації й адиктивної поведінки.
Social Pathologies and the Catholic Political Imagination
Authors: Sedmak Clemens
Published: November 2016

The article uses early Christian sources to identify three main features of a theological conception of ‘Hell’ (effacement, toxic silence, pointlessness); these three features can be reconstructed in Axel Honneth’s influential writings on Social Pathologies as key characteristics of pathological social conditions that undermine the possibility of a good life—Honneth can be understood to distinguish between pathologies of identity (effacement), pathologies of the social (toxic silence), and pathologies of reason (pointlessness). Catholic social teaching (cst) is presented as a response to these pathologies making use of a ‘therapeutic reading’ of cst documents. Catholic social teaching is presented as an exercise in political imagination developing a deep concept of the human person (against effacement and the pathology of identity), an understanding of the permeability between micro structured and macrostructures (against toxic silence and pathologies of the social), and the recognition of a normative order (against pathologies of reason).
Chemical Insights into the Function of Four Sphero-Conical Vessels from Medieval Dvin, Armenia
Authors: Barnard Hans , Shah Sneha , Areshian Gregory E. , Faull Kym F.
Published: December 2016

Sphero-conical vessels are commonly found in small quantities at medieval sites throughout the Near East. These relatively small vessels have a distinctive torpedo shape, sturdy walls, and a narrow, nipple-shaped opening. Several functions have been proposed for them, including incendiary devices, plumb bobs, aeolipiles in pottery kilns, the main part of a water pipe, and containers for precious liquids such as mercury, scented oils, ink, wine, or beer. We analyzed the organic residues preserved in the walls of four sphero-conical vessels excavated in twelfth–thirteenth century layers at Dvin, Armenia, using gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These vessels all contained trace levels of fat and oils, findings that we interpret as the remains of scented oils. This interpretation adds support to the proposed primary function of these vessels as containers for perfumes but does not exclude the possibility that different vessels may have been used or reused for one or more of the other suggested purposes.
Rehabilitation and the Right to Health in Times of Transition
Authors: Mesquita Judith Bueno de , Sander Gen , Hunt Paul
Published: November 2016

The harm to health of victims of civil and political rights abuses has been a focus of some reparations programmes. Rehabilitation has been the primary form of reparation for harm to health. Is this current approach an appropriate response by reparations programmes to violations of the right to health during conflict or repression? Given the nature of right to health violations in conflict or repression, we suggest that reparations programmes should broaden their focus to also address not only the health consequences of civil and political rights violations, but also the destruction or neglect of the health system, and policies which harm health. We consider whether rehabilitation is the only suitable form of reparation for such abuses. We also consider the relationship between the fields of transitional justice and public health in periods of transition, including whether some conflict-related right to health violations should be addressed in the health sector rather than reparations programmes and, if so, how this can be done successfully.
Education as Rehabilitation for Human Rights Violations
Authors: Duthie Roger , Ramírez-Barat Clara
Published: November 2016

Reparations for human rights violations in the form of rehabilitation can include social services such as education. This can be a particularly appropriate form of reparation for victims who have experienced abuses that result in missed education as a lost opportunity. Reparations can be rehabilitative by directly responding to harms suffered by victims and their ensuing needs, thereby helping to reintegrate those victims into society and restoring to them a functional life. Education can be provided through an administrative program or policy as individual reparations, such as scholarships to victims, as collective reparations, such as the rebuilding of schools in communities hard hit by abuses, and as symbolic reparations, such as naming schools. Court decisions awarding education as a form of reparation have also contributed significantly to our understanding of education as rehabilitation. This article examines the contributions that education as rehabilitation can make to redress as well as the implementation challenges faced by initiatives that have attempted to do so.
Rethinking the concept of "information literacy":
Authors: Piloiu Rares
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this article is to draw attention to the original and diverse approaches to the concept of information literacy in the German academic world. Unlike the American notion of information literacy, whose pedagogy, methodology and conceptualization follow guidelines set forth by powerful professional organisations such as ACRL (Association of College and Research Libraries) and ALA (American Library Association), the German notion of information literacy is still negotiated on an interdisciplinary market of ideas ranging from communication science to didactics and from cultural anthropology to epistemology. An awareness of this international perspective on information literacy is timely, given the recent debates about the legitimacy of the radically new approach to information literacy put forth in the ACRL Framework.
A new and threatened species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from Queimada Grande Island, southeastern Brazil
Authors: BRASILEIRO CINTHIA A. , HADDAD CELIO F. B. , SAWAYA RICARDO J. , MARTINS MARCIO
Published: November 2016

We describe a new species of hylid frog, Scinax peixotoi, from Queimada Grande Island, southeastern Brazil. The new species belongs to the Scinax perpusillus species group, in which all known forms inhabit bromeliads, and is diagnosed by the following set of characters: moderate-size (males 18.8–20.7 mm SVL, females 22.4–25.1 mm SVL); canthus rostralis distinct; dorsal skin slightly rugose; and a distinct advertisement call with relatively low dominant frequency. The new species is known from a single population on Queimada Grande, an island of 43 ha, approximately 33 km distant from the coast of São Paulo State, where it inhabits scattered patches of bromeliads. The highly specialized and patchy habitat of S. peixotoi, associated with its small range size, make this species highly susceptible to stochastic or anthropogenic habitat disturbances, which could lead it to extinction.
Five new species and a new record of the genus Aculops Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae: Phyllocoptinae) from China
Authors: XUE XIAO-FENG , SONG ZI-WEI , HONG XIAO-YUE
Published: November 2016

Five new species and a new record in the genus Aculops Keifer from China are described and illustrated, namely Aculops baligouis sp. nov. on Acer sp. L. (Aceraceae); Aculops tianchis sp. nov. on Betula sp. L. (Betulaceae); Aculops sienses sp. nov. on Ligustrum siense Lour. (Oleaceae); Aculops salixis sp. nov. on Salix sp. L. (Salicaceae); Aculops yangxianensis sp. nov. on Sophora japonica L. (Leguminosae) and Aculops chinonei Huang, on Rhus chinensis Mill. (Anacardiaceae). A key to the species of Aculops in China is provided.
Synopsis of Amphipoda from two recent Ross Sea voyages with description of a new species of Epimeria (Epimeriidae, Amphipoda, Crustacea)
Authors: LÖRZ ANNE-NINA
Published: November 2016

Two recent voyages to the Ross Sea in 2004 and 2008 collected over 3000 benthic Amphipoda. The composition of 30 amphipod families is presented, and a focus is given to the family Epimeriidae from which a new species described. Epimeria larsi sp. nov. from 1950 m depth, is the deepest occurring species of the genus known from Antarctic waters. This increases the number of known species of Epimeriidae from Antarctica to 27. Epimeria larsi can be distinguished from similar species by the unique combination of following characters: coxa 5 posteroventral corner produced, epimeral plate posteroventral corner rounded, and coxa 1–3 apically rounded.
Mountain Waves, Downslope Winds, and Low-Level Blocking Forced by a Midlatitude Cyclone Encountering an Isolated Ridge
Authors: Menchaca Maximo Q. , Durran Dale R.
Published: November 2016

The interaction of a midlatitude cyclone with an isolated north–south mountain barrier is examined using numerical simulation. A prototypical cyclone develops from an isolated disturbance in a baroclinically unstable shear flow upstream of the ridge, producing a cold front that interacts strongly with the topography. The structure and evolution of the lee waves launched by the topography are analyzed, including their temporal and their north–south variation along the ridge. Typical mountain wave patterns are generated by a 500-m-high mountain, but these waves often exhibit significant differences from the waves produced in 2D or 3D simulations with steady large-scale-flow structures corresponding to the instantaneous conditions over the mountain in the evolving flow. When the mountain height is 2 km, substantial wave breaking occurs, both at low levels in the lee and in the lower stratosphere. Despite the north–south uniformity of the terrain profile, large north–south variations are apparent in wave structure and downslope winds. In particular, for a 24-h period beginning after the cold front passes the upstream side of the ridge toward the south, strong downslope winds occur only in the northern half of the lee of the ridge. Just prior to this period, the movement of the cold front across the northern lee slopes is complex and accompanied by a burst of strong downslope winds and intense vertical velocities.
Climatology and Interannual Variability of Cloudiness in the Atlantic Arctic from Surface Observations since the Late Nineteenth Century
Authors: Chernokulsky Alexander V. , Esau Igor , Bulygina Olga N. , Davy Richard , Mokhov Igor I. , Outten Stephen , Semenov Vladimir A.
Published: November 2016

A long-term climatology of cloudiness over the Norwegian, Barents, and Kara Seas (NBK) based on visual surface observations is presented. Annual mean total cloud cover (TCC) is almost equal over solid-ice (SI) and open-water (OW) regions of the NBK (73% ± 3% and 76% ± 2%, respectively). In general, TCC has higher intra- and interannual variability over SI than over OW. A decrease of TCC in the middle of the twentieth century and an increase in the last few decades was found at individual stations and for the NBK as a whole. In most cases these changes are statistically significant with magnitudes exceeding the data uncertainty that is associated with the surface observations. The most pronounced trends are observed in autumn when the largest changes to the sea ice concentration (SIC) occur. TCC over SI correlates significantly with SIC in the Barents Sea, with a statistically significant correlation coefficient between annual TCC and SIC of −0.38 for the period 1936–2013. Cloudiness over OW shows nonsignificant correlation with SIC. An overall increase in the frequency of broken and scattered cloud conditions and a decrease in the frequency of overcast and cloudless conditions were found over OW. These changes are statistically significant and likely to be connected with the long-term changes of morphological types (an increase of convective and a decrease of stratiform cloud amounts).
A Self-Organizing-Map-Based Evaluation of the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System Using Observations from a 30-m Instrumented Tower on the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Authors: Nigro Melissa A. , Cassano John J. , Wille Jonathan , Bromwich David H. , Lazzara Matthew A.
Published: November 2016

Accurate representation of the stability of the surface layer in numerical weather prediction models is important because of the impact it has on forecasts of surface energy, moisture, and momentum fluxes. It also impacts boundary layer processes such as the generation of turbulence, the creation of near-surface flows, and fog formation. This paper uses observations from a 30-m automatic weather station on the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, to evaluate the near-surface layer in the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS), a numerical weather prediction system used for forecasting in Antarctica. The method of self-organizing maps (SOM) is used to identify characteristic potential temperature anomaly profiles observed at the 30-m tower. The SOM-identified profiles are then used to evaluate the performance of AMPS as a function of atmospheric stability.

The results indicate AMPS underpredicts the frequency of near-neutral profiles and instead overpredicts the frequency of weakly unstable and weak to moderately stable profiles. AMPS does not forecast the strongest statically stable patterns observed by Tall Tower, but in the median, the AMPS forecasts are more statically stable across all wind speeds, indicating a possible mechanical mixing error or a negative radiation bias. The SOM analysis identifies a negative radiation bias under near-neutral to weakly stable conditions, causing an overrepresentation of the static stability in AMPS. AMPS has a positive wind speed bias in moderate to strongly stable conditions, which generates too much mechanical mixing and an underrepresentation of the static stability. Model errors increase with increasing atmospheric stability.
Negotiating Postcolonial Spaces
Authors: Sherif Shereen
Published: November 2016

The postcolonial political order in South Asia marked the diffusion of a sense of territoriality and with it the consolidation of a new geographical order. Borders marking the limits of territory—sometimes arbitrarily drawn or carved out—defined the landscape of states and became rigid markers of the identity of nations. Along with challenges to the legitimizing narratives of national identity and nation making, the absolutist notion of territoriality also underwent changes in postcolonial state construction. The constructed geography of the state has been challenged by indigenous communities which, by negotiating borders, constantly deconstruct them. The fishing community along the coasts of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka exhibit the process of negotiating such postcolonial spaces by straying across designated borders. The history of Kachchativu reveals the complexity created by close, undefined borders: interstate connectedness and disjuncture between members of a community that share history and resources across the border.
4 steps for redesigning time for student and teacher learning
Authors: Nazareno by Lori
Published: November 2016

Everybody complains about a lack of time in school, but few are prepared to do anything about it. Laying the foundation before making such a shift is essential to the success of the change. Once a broad-based team has been chosen to do the work, they can follow a process explained in four steps with the apt acronym of T.I.M.E.: Taking stock, Investigating options, Modeling possibilities, and Engaging stakeholders in solutions.
Washington View
Authors: Ferguson Maria
Published: November 2016

The decision by Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan to order schools not to open until after Labor Day interferes with local control of schools and sets a bad precedent of making a state policy change encouraged by one sector of business (the tourism industry). State leaders should have mutually supportive education and economic policies and stop pitting local businesses against local schools.
Identification of microRNA signature and potential pathway targets in prostate cancer
Authors: Moustafa Ahmed A , Ziada Mohammed , Elshaikh Abubaker , Datta Amrita , Kim Hogyoung , Moroz Krzysztof , Srivastav Sudesh , Thomas Raju , Silberstein Jonathan L , Moparty Krishnarao , Salem Fatma Elzahraa H , El-Habit Ola H , Abdel-Mageed Asim B
Published: December 2016

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among American men. Early diagnosis is a prerequisite to improving therapeutic benefits. However, the current clinical biomarkers for PC do not reliably decipher indolent PC from other urogenital disorders. Thus, effective clinical intervention necessitates development of new biomarkers for early detection of PC. The present study aimed to identify the miRNA signature in organ-confined (Gleason Score 6) prostate tumors. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) array analysis identified 118 upregulated and 73 downregulated miRNAs in microdissected tumors in comparison to matched neighboring normal prostate epithelium. The miRs-Plus-A1083, -92b-5p, -18a-3p, -19a-3p, -639, -3622b-3p, -3189-3p, -155-3p, -410, -1179, 548b-5p, and -4469 are predominantly expressed (7–11-fold), whereas miRs-595, 4490, -3120-5p, -1299, -21-5p, -3677-3, -let-7b-5p, -5189, 3-121-5p, -4518, -200a-5p, -3682-5p, -3689d, -3149 represent the most downregulated (12–113-fold) miRNAs in microdissected prostate tumors. The array expression profile of selected miRNA signature and their potential mRNA targets was validated by qRT-PCR analysis in PC cell lines. Integrated in silico and computational prediction analyses demonstrated that the dysregulated miRNA signature map to key regulatory factors involved in tumorigenesis, including cell cycle, apoptosis, and p53 pathways. The newly identified miRNA signature has potential clinical utility as biomarkers, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets for early detection of PC. Further studies are needed to assess the functional significance and clinical usefulness of the identified miRNAs.

Impact Statement

To our knowledge his is the first study of identifying miRNA signatures in microdissected indolent (Gleason score 6) prostate cancer in comparison to matched normal prostate epithelium. By employing in silico and computational prediction analysis, the study provides a landscape of potential miRNA targets and key cellular pathways involved in prostate tumorigenesis. Identification if miRNAs and their relevant targets and pathways pave the way for underpinning their mechanistic role of miRNAs in human prostate tumorigenesis, and possibly other human cancers. Importantly, the outcome of the study has important clinical implications for the management of prostate cancer, including the use of miRNA(s) as biomarkers for early detection of prostate cancer.
Torture, the State, and Sexual Violence against Men in Colonial India
Authors: Heath Deana
Published: December 2016

This article broadens the analysis of gendered violence in colonial India by focusing on sexual violence against men. Rather than seeking to “recover” the “submerged” history of sexual violence against men, I interrogate the traces of such violence in the colonial archive to consider how and why the sexual violation of Indian men was able to enter the colonial archive. In light, moreover, of the refusal of colonial officials to name such violence as a sex crime, I consider what a nonevent reveals about the archive and, by extension, colonial rule—above all, about colonial masculinity. I focus in particular on the rape of a subaltern man named Rahmat Musalli—not to formulate his subjectivity but to question the sign of rape in the colonial archive. I hope to build, therefore, on existing scholarship on the ways in which both colonialism and colonial archives are gendered.
Gendered Violence and Cultural Forgetting
Authors: Yeager Jennifer , Culleton Jonathan
Published: December 2016

The case of the Magdalene Laundries illustrates how the Irish state has shaped cultural narratives of gender and facilitated a persistent gendered violence toward women formerly incarcerated in the laundries. The vital role of cultural memory in constructing these gendered identities is considered in light of how shared silences and the restriction of archival material have omitted the Magdalene women from Ireland's dominant historical narrative, rendering them “invisible.” This championing of one version of events (in this case, one that silences Magdalene women) has implications for survivors. We argue that survivor oral histories (for example, those gathered as part of the Waterford Memories Project) provide a way to understand the meaning of what happened to the Magdalene women, establish an openly accessible record of these narratives, and validate survivors' experiences.
A History of the Participatory Map
Authors: Guldi Jo
Published: November 2016

From the 1970s, international networks spanning New Delhi to the Cree tribes of Canada collaborated in experimenting with many-to-many mapping. Their work generated techniques for the participatory management of land use that preceded the creation of the many-to-many map online and, in many ways, surpassed the radicality of its politics.
The Nature of the Image: Olgyay and Olgyay’s Architectural-Climatic Diagrams in the 1950s
Authors: Barber Daniel A.
Published: November 2016

This essay discusses the emergence of ecodiagrams focused on both representing and operating upon the changing relationship between “man” and “environment,” with an emphasis on the design methods of Hungarian American architects Victor and Aladar Olgyay. The architectural diagram became an important site for reconsidering the parameters of social transformation amid increasing knowledge of the fragility of the global ecological system. Of interest in the Olgyays’ diagrams, even more than the methods they proposed, are the conditions for the human that they imagined.
Captive: Zoometric Operations in Gaza
Authors: Braverman Irus
Published: November 2016

Drawing on ethnographic encounters and investigative analysis, this article relays how Gaza’s spatial confinement generally, and the Israeli incursion of summer 2014 in particular, has lent itself to a radicalized discursive interplay between the animalization of humans and the humanization of animals who live in Gaza. I show how human animals—Israelis and Palestinians, children and terrorists—as well as nonhuman animals—snakes, zoo animals, dogs, mice, lions, insects, zebras, donkeys, chickens, and beasts—perform detailed daily rituals of humanization, dehumanization, and animalization. By defining the degrees of their relative humanity and animality, these rituals render life and death more or less worthy. I coin the term zoometrics to refer to the detailed calculations of biopolitical worthiness that occur within and along the animal-human divide. Such zoometric accounts highlight the slippages between bestialized and humanized bodies, exacerbated by these bodies’ shared conditions of extreme captivity in Gaza.
Lynne Huffer’s Are the Lips a Grave? Averting and Accentuating the Genealogical
Authors: Deutscher Penelope
Published: November 2016

A response to Lynne Huffer’s Mad for Foucault and Are the Lips a Grave?, this article considers Huffer’s critical reaction to characterizations of feminism as dominated by a more moral tenor repudiated by queer theory. Huffer argues that a stronger distinction should be maintained between the moral and the ethical. The failure to maintain this distinction has led to a mistaken repudiation of both the moral and the ethical. Rather than jettisoning both, Huffer argues that queer theory needs the ethical. Proposing potential elements for a queer ethics, she returns to Foucaultian genealogy, an Irigarayan ethics of eros, and a new kind of synthesis of narrative and performative. Also important to the work is an emphasis on ethics understood in terms of desubjectivation and of the Foucaultian event. Rethinking the meaning of the performative in this context, this essay asks how we can distinguish between Huffer’s analytic account of the event and an assessment of trans-formative queer projects as events. What, the essay asks, finally counts most importantly as an event in this context?
The invariances of power law size distributions
Authors: Frank Steven A.
Published: November 2016

Size varies. Small things are typically more frequent than large things. The logarithm of frequency often declines linearly with the logarithm of size. That power law relation forms one of the common patterns of nature. Why does the complexity of nature reduce to such a simple pattern? Why do things as different as tree size and enzyme rate follow similarly simple patterns? Here I analyze such patterns by their invariant properties. For example, a common pattern should not change when adding a constant value to all observations. That shift is essentially the renumbering of the points on a ruler without changing the metric information provided by the ruler. A ruler is shift invariant only when its scale is properly calibrated to the pattern being measured. Stretch invariance corresponds to the conservation of the total amount of something, such as the total biomass and consequently the average size. Rotational invariance corresponds to pattern that does not depend on the order in which underlying processes occur, for example, a scale that additively combines the component processes leading to observed values. I use tree size as an example to illustrate how the key invariances shape pattern. A simple interpretation of common pattern follows. That simple interpretation connects the normal distribution to a wide variety of other common patterns through the transformations of scale set by the fundamental invariances.
EVALUACIÓN DE ERRORES EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE GRÁFICOS ESTADÍSTICOS ELEMENTALES POR FUTUROS PROFESORES
Authors: Arteaga Pedro , Batanero Carmen , Contreras José Miguel , Cañadas Gustavo R.
Published: November 2016

En este trabajo analizamos los gráficos producidos por 207 futuros profesores, de educación primaria, al resolver una tarea abierta en la cual tuvieron que comparar tres pares de distribuciones. Los gráficos fueron clasificados teniendo en cuenta si son o no correctos y, en caso de ser incorrectos, en función de los errores cometidos. El análisis permitió explicar algunos de los errores en términos de conflictos semióticos. Los resultados muestran que estos conflictos están relacionados con los convenios de construcción, la selección de gráficos, el sentido numérico y errores conceptuales. También se analiza la influencia del uso de ordenadores sobre los errores producidos.
DESARROLLO DE LA COMPETENCIA EN ANÁLISIS DIDÁCTICO DE FORMADORES DE FUTUROS PROFESORES DE MATEMÁTICA A TRAVÉS DEL DISEÑO DE TAREAS
Authors: Pochulu Marcel , Font Vicenc , Rodríguez Mabel
Published: November 2016

El objetivo de la investigación es explicar cómo el proceso de construcción de una secuencia de tareas profesionales, realizadas por formadores de futuros profesores de Matemáticas, influye en el desarrollo de su competencia en análisis didáctico. Dicho desarrollo se constata, entre otros indicadores, en cuanto los formadores de futuros profesores incorporan y usan adecuadamente herramientas para la descripción, explicación, valoración y mejora de procesos de enseñanza, dirigidos a la formación matemática de futuros profesores de secundaria. Una de las evidencias más significativa de este desarrollo es que las secuencias de tareas que los participantes diseñaron e implementaron eran coherentes con las orientaciones curriculares y significativamente diferentes a las que implementaban antes de realizar el curso.