bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The potential of preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography for para-aortic lymphadenectomy in gynecological malignancies
Authors: Yanazume Shintaro , Ejima Fumitaka , Kobayashi Yusuke , Kozai Ayumi , Fukuda Mika , Togami Shinichi , Yoshiura Takashi , Kobayashi Hiroaki
Published: February 2025

Background
The evaluation of anatomical abnormalities involving urinary vessel variations prior to para-aortic lymphadenectomy in gynecological malignancies is challenging. In this context, the utility of preoperative three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (3DCT) angiography in improving surgical outcomes was examined.
Methods
This observational study evaluated the utility of 3DCT in patients who underwent para-aortic lymphadenectomy between January 2023 and November 2024. 3D fusion images were constructed from the arterial phase (CTA), CT-venography (CTV), and CT-urography (CTU). A total of 72 patients were included and divided into two groups: Non-3DCT and 3DCT. Outcomes included detection rates of arterial, venous, or urinary tract variations and surgical outcomes, including complications, in both groups.
Results
The 3DCT group included 14/34 (41.2%) cases with renal vessel variations and two cases (5.9%) with double ureters; the non-3DCT group did not detect any anatomical abnormalities. In the 3DCT group, renal vessel and urinary tract variations were clearly shown. Postoperative complications tended to be slightly higher in the non-3DCT group, including lymphocyte infection, chylous leakage, and bowel obstruction. Postoperative CT revealed reduced contrast in the lower pole of the right kidney in the 3DCT case with the most complex urinary vessel variations. Furthermore, in the 3DCT group, 8/34 (23.5%) unilateral or bilateral renal arteries were located caudally to the lower edge of the renal vein.
Conclusion
In gynecological malignancies, 3DCT before para-aortic lymphadenectomy was superior in identifying urinary vessel variations over conventional contrast-enhanced CT; thus, aiding realistic preoperative simulations and potentially reducing surgeons' burden and perioperative complications.
Unmet supportive care needs in patients with advanced cancer and its impact on distress
Authors: Miranda Kayla W. , Musher Benjamin L. , Badr Hoda J.
Published: February 2025

Purpose Patients with advanced cancer endure considerable physical and emotional distress without sufficient supportive care. In order to identify areas for intervention, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between cancer-related symptoms, supportive care needs, and distress levels in patients with advanced lung, head and neck, or gastrointestinal cancers.Methods Baseline data from 158 patients enrolled in a multisite dyadic interventional study were analyzed using the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) and Supportive Care Needs Survey (SCNS-34). Pearson correlations and multiple regression analyses were used to explore associations between supportive care needs and distress.Results Distress levels were moderate across the study population, with fatigue, pain, and disturbed sleep being the most reported symptoms. Patients who lived with their caregivers reported significantly lower needs in four out of five domains. Positive correlations were found between distress levels and supportive care needs in the psychological (p < 0.001), health system (p = 0.001), patient care and support (p = 0.003), and physical and daily living domains (p < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that these domains collectively explained a significant portion of the variance in distress levels (R2 = 0.169, p < 0.001).Conclusion Independent of demographic or clinic characteristics, patients with advanced cancer experience significant distress and unmet supportive care needs, particularly in psychological and health system domains. The association between living with caregivers and lower reported needs suggests that caregiver support may play a crucial role in meeting these needs. Therefore, integrating strategies that involve and support caregivers could potentially reduce distress and improve the quality of life for patients with advanced cancer.
Parietotemporal atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) in a 5 years old male: A Case Report
Authors: Malhes Waleed , Abualrub Ahmad , Shehadeh Mohammad , Alomari Fadi , Dababseh Hadi , Abulihya Mohanad
Published: February 2025

Background
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a rare and highly aggressive embryonal tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), primarily affecting children under three years of age. Characterized by rapid growth and dissemination, AT/RT has a poor prognosis, with median survival times often measured in months. Recent advances in treatment, including autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), aim to improve outcomes but lack a definitive protocol.
Case Presentation
: We report a case of a 5-year-old male presenting with acute left-sided weakness, right-sided mouth deviation, and confusion. Initial imaging at another facility revealed a right parietotemporal intra-axial lesion with significant edema and midline shift. Upon transfer to our institution, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed a large supratentorial mass involving critical structures without invasion of major arteries. Surgical intervention was necessary, and a right pterional craniotomy was performed for maximal safe resection. During surgery, the tumor was identified as grayish, highly vascularized, and necrotic. Successful debulking was achieved, with careful preservation of surrounding neural structures. Postoperatively, the patient demonstrated significant neurological improvement, with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 15/15. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of AT/RT, WHO grade 4, characterized by malignant blue cells and loss of INI1 immunoreactivity.
Conclusion
This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and aggressive intervention in managing AT/RT. The complexities of its presentation and imaging necessitate a multidisciplinary approach, integrating neurosurgery and oncology. Our findings support the use of surgical resection, contemporary chemotherapy, and ASCT as part of a multimodal treatment strategy to enhance survival outcomes. However, the inherent aggressiveness of AT/RT highlights the urgent need for innovative treatments and further research to improve prognoses for affected patients.
Trends of Intimal Hyperplasia After Carotid Endarterectomy and Its Risk Factor Analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaozheng , Wu Xian , Jin Youhe , Lou Zhe , Liu Yuan
Published: February 2025

Background
In this study, we investigated the changes in carotid intimal hyperplasia and the growth rate over time after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). We also assessed and analyzed risk factors for intimal growth rate after CEA to strengthen secondary prevention and control early restenosis post-CEA.
Methods
We randomly selected 60 patients who underwent CEA from 2019 to 2021. The median follow-up duration was 6.4 (range, 3–32) months. Intimal thickness, intimal growth rate, vascular diameter, and blood flow velocity parameters were recorded postoperatively. Analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to analyze changes and risk factors of carotid intimal hyperplasia after CEA.
Results
Intimal thickness (1.44 ± 0.59 mm) gradually increased; growth rate (0.246 ± 0.165 mm/month) gradually decreased. Intimal growth rate quartiles were established as follows: 0.025–0.129, 0.129–0.204, 0.204–0.323, and 0.323–0.741 mm/month. The first and fourth quartiles differed for smoking history, plaque vulnerability, procedure (CEA with patch [pCEA]), and severe vertebral or subclavian arterial stenosis.
Conclusion
Intimal thickness gradually increased as the growth rate gradually decreased. The intimal growth rate was elevated in smokers, individuals with vulnerable plaque carriers, and patients exhibiting severe vertebral or subclavian arterial stenosis. The intimal growth rate was lower in patients who underwent pCEA. Plaque vulnerability constituted an independent risk factor for an elevated intimal growth rate.
Safe Steps: A Text Message Intervention to Increase Physical Activity After Emergency Department Discharge in Older Adults
Authors: Suffoletto Brian , Mayer Waverly , Toth Caitlin , Ashenburg Nick , Lin Michelle , Losak Michael , Kim David
Published: February 2025

Background: Older adults face increased risk of functional impairments after Emergency Department (ED) discharge, yet no evidence-based physical activity interventions exist for this population.
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of Safe Steps, a text message intervention designed to increase daily step counts among older adults discharged from the ED.
Methods: In this single-center pilot study, we recruited ED patients aged ≥60 years reporting low physical activity (<7,500 steps/day OR <75 minutes/day walking). Participants received a pedometer and daily text messages to report steps and set weekly goals over 4 weeks. Feasibility was assessed via step count reporting rates, safety through fall monitoring, and effectiveness by changes in step counts.
Results: Forty-three participants enrolled; 40 completed the study. Step reporting rates were 87.2%. Three participants reported falls, none attributed to activity. Low-active participants (<5,000 steps) increased steps by 23.3%. Participants rated intervention motivation 7.4/10.
Conclusion: Safe Steps appears feasible, safe, and effective for promoting activity post-ED discharge, warranting further study.
Anatomic Study of the Deep Structures of the Cerebellum: Location of the Dentate Nucleus and Its Relationship with Surgical Approaches to Tumor Lesions
Authors: Paolinelli Pablo S. , Migliardo Camila B. , Cicler Julian , Colombo Axel , Trofa Valeria , Iglesias Valentin , Villamil Facundo
Published: February 2025

Introduction and Objectives: The cerebellum presents complex relationships, such as those with the structures of the cerebello pontine angle and a complex anatomy consisting of surfaces, lobes, lobules, peduncles, and nuclei. On this matter, the cerebellum is a challenging structure to approach which has important relationships that if not taken in account may lead to an injury and may not possibly reduce morbidity and mortality. Our objective is to present a system of anatomic and topographic landmarks to identify the dentate nucleus (DN) during the supracerebellar infratentorial approach.
Materials and Methods: Postmortem dissections were performed on 10 cerebella according to the Klingler technique.
Anatomy was observed and then a deep dissection was performed, identifying the peduncles and then the DN. Subsequently, the DN was delineated with four lines α, β, γ, and 𝞨, allowing to find the DN within 100% of cases. Finally, the number of times the nucleus was found within the quadrilateral was observed.
Results: The lobules of the vermis and hemispheres were identified on the tentorial and suboccipital surfaces, with the superior (SCP), middle (MCP), and inferior (ICP) cerebellar peduncles recognized on the tentorial surface and the MCP on the suboccipital surface. The DN was identified on both aspects.
Conclusion: There are no landmarks to locate the DN during surgery, our proposal of a quadrilateral that allows intraoperative localization of the nucleus reduce the morbidity and mortality of the surgery of the cerebellum
Double anastomoses between posterior cerebral artery and posterior communicating artery diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Uchino Akira , Kondo Ryushi
Published: February 2025

Purpose
To describe a case of double anastomoses between the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and the posterior communicating artery (PCoA).
Methods
An 83-year-old woman with left pulsatile tinnitus underwent cranial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) using a 3-Tesla scanner. MRA was performed using a standard 3-dimensional time-of-flight technique.
Results
MRA showed no dural arteriovenous fistula; however, there was a stenotic lesion in the precavernous segment of the left internal carotid artery (ICA). This lesion was considered to be the cause of her symptoms. In addition, the left PCA arose from the basilar artery and the left ICA. There was a small connecting artery between these two PCAs at their proximal segments. These two PCAs fused distally and formed a single PCA. Partial maximum intensity projection (MIP) images showed that the left anterior choroidal artery (AChA) appeared normal. Thus, we concluded that there was no hyperplastic AChA, and there were double anastomoses between the left PCA and PCoA.
Conclusion
We diagnosed the first case of double anastomosis between the PCA and the PCoA. Careful observation using MRA is important for the detection of rare arterial variations. Partial MIP MRA images are useful for identifying tiny arteries, such as the AChA.
Antibiogram in Cutibacterium Acnes: A Comprehensive Study of Oral and Topical Treatments for Acne in the Indian Population
Authors: Monteiro Rochelle , Anthony beena , Bhat Ramesh
Published: February 2025

Injudicious antibiotic therapy in acne has resulted in significant dissemination of cross-resistant strains of Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes). Resistance patterns vary in different studies, corresponding to the geographic location, and study methods. Prior studies have shown a high resistance to azithromycin, erythromycin and clindamycin and high sensitivity to macrolide antibiotics. There is a paucity of studies evaluating the efficacy of topical anti-acne agents.Our objective was to isolate C.acnes from acne lesions ,and to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of oral and topical antibiotics in acne. As antibiotic sensitivity patterns vary with time and prescribing practices, our study aimed to evaluate these patterns, as there is limited data available on Antimicrobial resistance(AMR) in India. Swabs from acne pustules from 124 patients, aged 12 years and above, were obtained and inoculated into selective media for C. acnes and blood agar for isolation of aerobic organisms, gram staining and species identification of Cutibacterium. The isolated bacteria were cultured and evaluated for antibiotic sensitivity using standard disc diffusion techniques. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS23 software. In our study, the average age of the patients was 21.34 ± 4.2 years, a majority (63.7%) were females. Cutibacterium was isolated in 74.19% of patients. Among oral antibiotics minocycline was the most sensitive to C. acnes (97%); the highest resistance to C. acnes was seen with erythromycin (84%). Topically, benzoyl peroxide had higher sensitivity (48%), and adapalene (95%) and azelaic acid (83%) showed the least antimicrobial activity against C. acnes.The results prove that sensitivity patterns to oral antibiotics remain similar to previous studies. Topical Clindamycin resistance is lower than previously reported resistance rates. Topical benzoyl peroxide showed lower antimicrobial activity in comparison to prior studies. AMR in acne continues to be a concern. Hence the need to maintain stringent guidelines for antibiotic usage in acne.
Predictors of Time to Recovery from Cataract Surgery among Cataract Patients at Menelik II Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Retrospective Follow up Study
Authors: Tsegaw Gininu Wendmeneh , Dea Yilma Chisha , Mengesha Melkamu Merid
Published: February 2025

Background
Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible blindness globally, disproportionately affecting populations in low- and middle-income countries. In Ethiopia, cataracts remain a significant public health concern. Despite the effectiveness of cataract surgery in restoring vision, information on recovery time and its predictors remain limited. The aim of this study was to assess time to recovery and its predictors among patients undergoing cataract.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 459 cataract patients who underwent surgery between January 1 and December 31, 2023. Data were randomly extracted from their medical records between June 1 and August 15, 2024. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival probabilities and compare groups, with significant differences tested using the log-rank test. The Weibull regression with the inverse Gaussian frailty was applied following a goodness-of-fit test to identify predictors of time to recovery. Results are presented as adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were declared significant at P-value < 0.05.
Results
we reviewed 459 patient cards, and 368 (80.17%, 95% CI: 76.26–83.58%) had recovered from a cataract surgery over 7,919.28 person-weeks. The overall incidence rate of recovery was at 46.47 per 1,000 persons per week (95% CI: 41.95–51.47). The median recovery time was at 18.14 weeks (IQR: 12.29–24, 95% CI: 17.14–18.86). Age over 60 years (AHR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07–0.96), urban residence (AHR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.15–2.70), preoperative visual acuity (medium: AHR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.23–3.18; high: AHR = 5.83, 95% CI: 1.72–19.77), comorbidities (ocular: AHR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.15–0.61; systemic: AHR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22–0.75), type of surgery (phacoemulsification: AHR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.06–3.67; intracapsular cataract extraction: AHR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03–0.89), and complications (intraoperative: AHR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.12–0.71; postoperative: AHR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06–0.47), and surgeries performed by an ophthalmologist (AHR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.80–6.55) were statistically significant predictors of time to recovery from cataract surgery.
Conclusion
The median recovery time was shorter than in previous local studies but longer than in developed countries. Improved preoperative assessment, effective comorbidity management, minimizing complications, prioritizing phacoemulsification surgery, and involving skilled ophthalmologists are crucial for enhancing recovery outcomes. Personalized care approaches are recommended to optimize postoperative recovery.
Re-assessment of Aviation Risk Safety Barriers Using Stochastic and Lexical Uncertainty
Authors: Saputra Hendri , Soehodho Sutanto
Published: February 2025

Results of many investigations and statistical data indicate that aircraft accidents are an iceberg phenomenon for understanding the gap among traffic management, operations, and aviation systems. Although the regulator has established a safety barrier as a defense mechanism against hazards, many accidents and incidents continue to occur. Instead of conducting a comprehensive assessment of an accident/incident prevention system, evaluator conducted a common audit investigation to determine the causal and contributing factors of accident. Current problems of concern in aviation safety management involve a series of constraints, evaluation methods, and complex decision-making processes. Uncertainty in these problems adds complexity. Uncertainty has characteristics such as randomness or vagueness, in nature, both might occur concurrently. Probability is a method of calculating the randomness characteristic of stochastic uncertainty and fuzzy logic is a widely used method of determining a vagueness of lexical uncertainty. The combination of these two methods capable of producing integrated models in both types of uncertainty exists simultaneously. The new safety barrier after recalculation is used by describing it in a related fuzzy set accompanied by its degree of membership. This provides clearer guidance for decision-makers to formulate policies based on the conditions experienced, informed by the history of previous events.
Neurotrophic effect magnolol on MPTP/p induced parkinsons disease by regulation of PI3K-AKT-GSK3β via MAPK/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Chen Ruili , Zhang Dongdong , Vijayalakshmi Annamalai , Velu Periyannan , Li Nini
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Parkinson's disease (PD) dopaminergic loss may be slowed down by neurotrophic factors (NTFs) activating at a higher level by regulating several signalling pathways, including PI3K, AKT, and Ras-MAPK. Therefore, the goal of the current investigation is to ascertain how neurotrophic magnolol (ML) is about the neurotoxicity of MPTP/p in Parkinson's disease.
Methods
Five weeks of ML treatment markedly reduced the motor impairments, decrease in tyrosine kinase receptor expression (TrKB) and dopamine deficiency and NTFs caused by MPTP/p.
Results
Additionally discovered that ML treatment markedly reduced the activation of MAPK/P38/JNK-related proteins. Additionally, ML therapy enhanced phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, GSK-3β, and mTOR, indicating ML regulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, this reason ML has protected the Brain system. In a chronic parkinson's disease, the current study provides more comprehensive in vivo evidence supporting the neuroprotective action of ML on dopaminergic neurons.
Conclusion
It also raises the idea of employing ML as a novel chemotherapeutic medication.
Analysis of Genetic Diversity Among Wild Soybean (Glycine soja) in Hebei Province, China
Authors: Wu Xintong , Feng Qike , Zhang Zhanying , Zhang Xinyue , Liu Zhi , Yang Qing , Shi Xiaolei , Zhang Mengchen , Yan Long
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
Soybean serves as a crucial source of protein and oil. Wild soybean (Glycine soja) shares genetic similarities with cultivated soybean (Glycine max) but exhibits richer diversity due to lower genetic bottlenecks. The high allelic diversity in wild soybeans provides traits for environmental adaptation, which is useful for cultivated soybeans through breeding. Considering that soybeans originated in northern China and that Hengshui Lake, as a wetland environment, plays a crucial role in preserving species diversity, 17 wild soybean resources at this site were collected and then re-sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform with a depth of 10×.
Data description:
In this study, we collected 17 wild soybean accessions from Hengshui Lake in Hebei Province, China, and performed re-sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform, followed by SNPs identification. Subsequently, we incorporated an additional 62 wild soybean genomic datasets and utilized ADMIXTURE, neighbor-joining tree, and principal component analysis to elucidate population characteristics. The results revealed that these wild soybean accessions could be divided into seven distinct subpopulations.
Computational study of flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides against RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis using Molecular Docking and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Zhang Xiaofei , Zhang Lixia , Li Dan , Wang Qi , Wang Libin , Zheng Ziqi , Xie Yun
Published: February 2025

Osteoporosis is the most common form of bone disease and the RANKL/RANK/OPG has been widely demonstrated to be a critical protein for bone metabolism. Previous studies suggested that flavonoids played an obligatory role in the inhibition process of osteoclast differentiation induced by RANKL. However, the detailed mechanisms were still unknown. Eucommia ulmoides is a popular herb used to treat bone diseases in traditional medicine, in which flavonoids play an important role. Thus, in the present study, the flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides were specially selected and the molecular recognition mechanisms between flavonoids and RANKL monomer were examined and analyzed by molecular modeling approaches. The in-silico experiments revealed that the selected molecules exhibited variable degrees of affinities toward the RANKL monomer. Among them, cyrtominetin may be used as a lead compound for the development of potent RANKL inhibitors. By analyzing the binding sites of flavonoids to RANKL monomer, we found that most flavonoids interacted with RANKL monomer by forming strong hydrogen bonds with Gly178 and Asn195 to exhibit higher binding affinity, which was assumed to be essential for the activity. Moreover, the MD simulation showed good interactions between the selected molecules and the active site of RANKL monomer. Throughout the all-atom 100 ns MD simulation, flavonoids depicted superior stability at the RANKL binding site for more than 70 ns, where the solvation energy was greatly compensated by the electrostatic and van der Waal binding energies. We believed that the results could help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of flavonoids to inhibit osteoclast differentiation induced by RANKL at the atomic level and facilitate the development of new medications for bone-related diseases.
In silico analysis of doxorubicin analogues conjugated to polysorbate 80 for sustained and targeted delivery to the brain
Authors: Lekshmi D. K. S. , Nair Arsha S , Jayakrishnan A. , Sankaran Sandhya Karakkadparambil
Published: February 2025

Drug discovery for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases is a highly complex affair, especially due to the blood brain barrier (BBB) restricting the entry of many drugs. In the present study, we utilized in silico studies to screen twelve derivatives of doxorubicin (DOX) against seven tumor proteins. The DOX ligands were modelled and optimized using Density Functional Theory (DFT), and the binding affinity was evaluated. Seven tumor proteins were selected for docking and their PDB IDs were: 3LGL, 2IG0, 3LGF, 4RG2, 3PG7, 3LH0, and 4HBM. Later, an attempt was made to deliver these modified DOX ligands into the brain using a non-ionic surfactant, polysorbate 80 (PS80). Modified DOX ligands-PS80 conjugated structures were made using Semi empirical methods. After categorizing 12 DOX ligands and 12 DOX-PS80 conjugated ligands, the top-ranked three DOX ligands (R6, R4, and R9) and their conjugates with PS80 (R6-PS80, R4-PS80, and R9-PS80) underwent comprehensive molecular dynamics (MD) analysis. The best DOX ligands and their conjugated structures with PS80 were subjected to a thorough examination for structural stability (RMSD), intermolecular hydrogen bond (H-bond) interactions, effect of solvent accessibility (SASA), and compactness (Rg). The results demonstrated that these ligands and conjugated ligands exhibited folding behavior and were incredibly stable. Furthermore, we employed MM/GBSA to figure out the docking scores of the top three DOX-PS80-conjugated ligands. In silico pharmacokinetic parameters of all compounds were analyzed using the ADMET AI server. It is shown that attaching to PS80 could potentially decrease the overall toxicity of DOX ligands. These findings indicate that the modified DOX ligands, when combined with PS80, have the potential to cross the BBB and could be used for further in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
Transforming Maasai Landscapes: Land Cover Changes and Their Implications for Pastoralism and Conservation
Authors: Giliba Richard A.
Published: February 2025

Land cover change, particularly in landscapes inhabited by pastoralist communities like the Maasai, is a growing concern due to its environmental and socio-economic implications. The Maasai regions in Tanzania have experienced significant land cover shifts in recent years, which can affect biodiversity, ecosystem services, and traditional livelihoods. Despite the importance of these landscapes, there is limited understanding of how specific land cover types, such as rangelands, croplands, and tree cover, have changed over time, and what the drivers behind these changes are. To address this gap, this study examines the extent and nature of land cover changes in Maasai landscapes between 2017 and 2023. The study specifically focuses on the conversion of rangelands to other land uses, such as tree cover, croplands, and built areas, as well as the shifts from trees to cropland and built areas. By analyzing these trends, the study aims to provide insights into the factors driving land cover change and their implications for land management in the region. The findings reveal substantial transitions, including the conversion of 451,514 hectares of rangeland to tree cover, 152,064 hectares to cropland, and 10,181 hectares to built areas. These results highlight the urgent need for strategies that support sustainable land use while considering the ecological and socio-economic importance of Maasai landscapes.
Assessment of Preoperative Multivitamin Use on the Impact on Micronutrient Deficiencies in Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Patients
Authors: Sander Johannes , Torensma Bart , Siepe Jacqueline , Schorp Torsten , Schulte Thilo , Schmeer Christine , Gögele Hannes , Böckelmann Inga , Grabenhorst Andrea , Ockert-Belz Ildiko , Berends Frits , Aarts Edo
Published: February 2025

Background
Most patients achieve successful weight loss following metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), but they face an increased risk of micronutrient deficiencies due to altered gastrointestinal physiology and dietary restrictions. This study evaluated the impact of a specialized multivitamin on blood serum levels before MBS.
Methods
A prospective, within-patient comparison trial was conducted between January and July 2023 at a large bariatric clinic. Differences in serum micronutrient levels between baseline and the three-month follow-up were assessed, along with changes in the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies.
Results
Of 120 patients recruited, 99 (82.5%) completed the three-month follow-up. Significant changes were observed in 14 of 22 serum parameters (63.6%). Eleven parameters, including iron, vitamin K1, zinc, CRP, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, calcium, folic acid, vitamin B1, and vitamin D, showed significant increases (p < 0.001). Conversely, magnesium, phosphate, and albumin levels significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Among 22 parameters, deficiencies were identified in 18 (81.8%), with prevalence rates ranging from 1.0% (copper) to 88.8% (vitamin D). After three months, significant reductions in deficiency prevalence were observed for iron, folic acid, and vitamin D. However, phosphate deficiency increased significantly, from 2.1% to 19.8% (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent in patients with obesity. Preoperative specialized multivitamin supplementation effectively reduces key deficiencies, particularly in iron, folic acid, and vitamin D. Future research should address residual deficiencies and evaluate long-term outcomes of prolonged supplementation.
Gene expression changes in the turkey hen vagina in response to artificial insemination across the lying cycle
Authors: Boukherroub Kahina S. , Kosonsiriluk Sunantha , Reed Kent M. , Noll Sally L. , Studniski Marissa M. , Wileman Ben W. , Diehl Kristen
Published: February 2025

Background:
The vagina is the main site for sperm selection in turkey hens. However, the specific genes and pathways altered in response to sperm and laying cycle have not been fully investigated. The objective of this study was to determine the changes in gene expression of the vagina in response to artificial insemination through the laying cycle of turkey breeder hens. Vaginal tissues were collected from hens artificially inseminated (semen group), inseminated with extender (sham group), or not inseminated (virgin group) (n=5/group). Additional tissues were collected from semen and sham groups at peak lay, and end of lay. Total RNA was extracted for sequencing. Differentially expressed genes were identified among groups, and functional annotation was performed.
Results:
Differences in gene expression were observed in comparisons based on lay cycle and insemination treatment. During early lay, extender alone led to increased expression of antimicrobial genes, cell proliferation, differentiation, and remodeling compared with virgin. By contrast, semen treatment predicted the activation of innate immune cell pathways. At peak lay, a higher expression of histone deacetylase 7-like mRNA was observed in response to semen compared with sham, along with a predicted inhibition of immune Calcineurin-NFAT Signaling Pathway. Semen treatment led to a higher expression of sperm binding proteins including deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein-like and Zona Pellucida 1 at peak lay when compared with early lay. Finally, semen treatment resulted in increased expression of Urotensin 2B and decreased expression of antimicrobial genes including β-defensin 2, catheldicins 2 and 3, sialoadhesin, attractin-like 1, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3, leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2, and hepatocyte growth factor at the end of lay compared with sham.
Conclusions:
Results from this study indicate that the turkey vagina actively responds to extender and sperm and that this response changes across the laying cycle. Gene expression changes indicate a shift in the innate and adaptive immune response of the vagina during the laying cycle that can be dependent or independent of sperm. The presence of sperm binding proteins in the vagina with highest expression at peak lay, coincides with peak fertility and could serve as potential markers of fertility.
Response predictors and long-term outcomes of preprandial single-daily cyclosporine in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome caused by minimal change disease: a single-center experience
Authors: Urushihara Yasuko , Fujinaga Shuichiro , Nishino Tomohiko , Sakuraya Koji , Ohtomo Yoshiyuki , Masutani Satoshi
Published: February 2025

Background
Clinical practice guidelines for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children recommend twice-daily cyclosporine as a preferred steroid-sparing agent for steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS). Although single-daily cyclosporine (S-CS) may offer an effective therapeutic option with increased compliance and reduced nephrotoxicity, response predictors and long-term outcomes following this regimen remain unclear in this cohort.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on children with SDNS caused by minimal change disease (MCD) who were treated with preprandial S-CS to maintain 2-hour post-dose levels of 500–700 ng/mL between October 2005 and December 2021. The primary endpoint was the probability of SDNS-free survival during S-CS therapy. The secondary endpoint was the long-term outcome at the last visit.
Results
After initiating S-CS therapy in 48 children, 31 patients, including 18 who did not experience relapse during treatment, were able to discontinue steroid dependency (response group), while 17 patients experienced treatment failure. The median time to the first relapse after NS diagnosis was significantly longer in the response group than in the treatment failure group (4.3 vs. 2.1 months, p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified a longer time until the first relapse (≥ 2.2 months) after NS diagnosis as an independent predictive factor for a favorable response to S-CS therapy (odds ratio: 21.0, p < 0.005). None of the patients progressed to chronic kidney disease Stage 3 or higher.
Conclusions
S-CS may offer a promising treatment option for children with SDNS caused by MCD who do not experience early relapse following NS diagnosis.
Fuzzy C Means Clustering and Ant Colony Optimization based Routing Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Panchal Hetal , Gajjar Sachin
Published: February 2025

Routing protocol based on Fuzzy C Means Clustering and Ant Colony Optimization for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) is presented in this paper. The network consists of several underwater sensor nodes that transfer the data packets to the Surface Station (SS). Fuzzy C Means Clustering and Ant Colony Optimization based Routing Protocol (FACOCRP) for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks encompasses cluster formation, selection of cluster heads, and inter-cluster routing protocol. The Fuzzy C Means (FCM) clustering technique is used to create clusters. Cluster heads are chosen by considering the center of the cluster into account in the first round. The leftover energy of underwater sensor nodes’ is considered for cluster head selection by keeping the same cluster from the second round. FACOCRP uses an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for energy-efficient and reliable inter-cluster communication from cluster heads to the surface station. The FACOCRP is better than UWISN, SH-FEER and MH-FEER for energy consumption up to 54.22%, for network lifetime up to 53.89%, for FND up to 39.44%, and packets transmitted to surface stations up to 73.73%.
Cost-Efficient Asset Allocation: Graph-Based Machine Learning for Dynamic Portfolio Rebalancing.
Authors: Vallarino Diego
Published: February 2025

This research introduces a novel approach to portfolio rebalancing by integrating Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with Dijkstra's algorithm to optimize transaction costs in financial markets. GNNs are trained on historical stock data from major technology companies to predict future transaction costs, capturing complex dependencies between assets and market conditions. These predicted costs are then embedded as edge weights in financial asset graphs, enabling a dynamic representation of transaction expenses within the portfolio structure.
Using this enriched financial network, Dijkstra’s algorithm is applied to determine the most cost-efficient paths for asset capital reallocation. By leveraging this hybrid framework, portfolio managers can systematically identify low-cost trading routes, reducing slippage and improving execution efficiency, particularly in high-frequency trading environments.
Empirical results demonstrate that this approach significantly minimizes transaction costs compared to traditional rebalancing strategies, highlighting the synergy between machine learning and graph-based optimization in financial decision-making. The study underscores the potential of AI-driven portfolio management techniques in enhancing capital efficiency and reducing execution risk.
JEL: C61, G11, C63, G17, C45.
Regarding the Possible Impact of Forest Fires on the Radioactive Pollution of Groundwater in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone
Authors: Panasiuk Mykola , Buzynnyi Mykhailo , Kirieiev Serhii , Sosonna Natalia , Kovalenko Ihor , Mykhailova Liubov
Published: February 2025

Wood in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) is contaminated with 137Cs and 90Sr. The 90Sr activity concentration in the wood reaches tens of kBq/kg. According to laboratory experiments, complete combustion of 1 kg of dry pinewood generates about 2.8 g of ash, resulting in a 90Sr concentration in the ash that is approximately 360 times higher. The specific activity of 90Sr in the ash from six wood samples ranged from 0.16 to 3.4 kBq/g. In filtrate samples, the specific activity of 90Sr, under consistent experimental conditions, reached 0.5 to 0.72 kBq/l. The fraction of 90Sr washed out during the experiment was 12–33% for wood ash and 10.8–13.2% for forest litter ash. The high concentrations of potassium, sodium, calcium, and phosphate ions in the wood ash are readily leached, which increases groundwater mineralization and its ionic strength. This, in turn, contributes to a decrease in the sorption capacity of soils and an increase in the migration capacity of 90Sr in the aquifer. The largest fires in the CEZ occurred in 2020 at the Temporary Radioactive Waste Location Point (PTLRW) “Red Forest” site, where the 90Sr activity in wood peaked. The concentration of 90Sr activity in groundwater samples from observation wells in this section of the CEZ shows an increase of 2 to 60 times, climbing from approximately 2 to about 180 Bq/l, beginning at the end of 2022. Radioactivity concentrated in ash on the soil surface in the burned area is vulnerable to rapid leaching by atmospheric precipitation; as a result, it can become a significant local source of radioactive contamination of surface and groundwater, necessitating updates to the regulations for monitoring radioactivity in the relevant CEZ observation wells.
Educator Perspectives on Costs and Cost-Conscious Decision-Making in Health Professions Education: A Q-Method Study
Authors: Yaros Jennifer , Egbrink Mirjam oude , Langenberg Benedikt , Evers Silvia M.A.A. , Paulus Aggie
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Intensification of resource scarcity in health professions education (HPE) requires careful consideration of educational costs. Educators play a significant role in this process, as they make resource allocation decisions when designing, developing, organizing and overseeing education, yet little is known about how educators view the idea of incorporating information on educational costs into decision-making. Therefore, this study maps educator views on cost-conscious decision-making in HPE.
Methods
Using Q-Methodology, we explored how HPE educators perceive costs and cost-conscious decision-making. Participants ranked 34 statements and engaged in semi-structured interviews. By-person inverted factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to extract factors representing distinct patterns of thinking held by three or more educators. These patterns were interpreted using factor arrays, distinguishing and consensus statements, and interview transcripts, yielding narrative descriptions of unique educator perspectives.
Results
Twenty-five educators holding diverse educational responsibilities and 1–29 years of experience were classified into four distinct perspectives. Unaware Doubters (n = 3) are unexposed to educational cost considerations and lack motivation for involvement. Cautious Realists (n = 8) are personally impacted by resource constraints, yet hesitant about cost-conscious decision-making. Pragmatic Supporters (n = 8) hold implicit awareness of resource scarcity but remain open to participation in cost-conscious decision-making. Empowered Agents (n = 6) are aware, active and engaged in cost-conscious decision-making, yet seek a unifying vision and transparent communication from leadership.
Discussion
These four distinct educator perspectives on costs and cost-conscious decision-making in education illustrate varying levels of awareness, motivation and engagement, which indicates the need for tailored strategies to improve cost-conscious decision-making in HPE. This information can be used by educational institutes to develop a vision, policy and strategy to involve educators in considerations concerning educational costs in view of the increasing resource scarcity in HPE. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of different strategies targeted to these perspectives and explore how perspectives vary across settings and contexts.
Cortical modulation of BOLD signals in white matter
Authors: Ding Zhaohua , Xu Lyuan , Gao Yurui , Zhao Yu , Tan Yicheng , Anderson Adam W. , Li Muwei , Gore John C.
Published: February 2025

The relationship of BOLD signals in white matter to cortical neural activity remains unclear. We quantified the degree to which spontaneous neural activities in the cortex, which are reflected in low frequency fluctuations in cortical BOLD signals, modulate BOLD signals in white matter. From measurements of resting state correlations we find cortical networks of more basic level functions tend to contribute more to correlated fluctuations in white matter than those of higher level functions. In addition, each cortical network exhibits distinct, structurally interpretable spatial distribution patterns of white matter projections. Moreover, the myelination level of cortical networks is found to be strongly correlated with the white matter projection of cortical BOLD signals. Our findings confirm that BOLD signals in white matter encode neural activity in proportion to the spontaneous activity of individual cortical networks, and with network-specific spatial distribution patterns, which could be mediated by the microstructure of the brain cortex.
Physical Education preservice teachers’ perceptions about using Lesson Studies in initial teachers’ training
Authors: Santinha Fernanda Marques , Onofre Marcos , Martins Maria
Published: February 2025

Purpose – To analyze Physical Education preservice teachers’ perceptions about using Lesson Studies in initial teachers’ training.
Methodology – This project was developed by carrying out a Lesson Study, collecting data during the process and studying the perspectives of participating preservice teachers.
Findings – Physical Education preservice teachers perceived the participation in Lesson Study as a globally positive experience, valuating collaborative work, competence development, reflection, and diversity in discussion, and proposing the utilization of Lesson Study in initial teachers’ training and in ongoing professional development. Our findings are in line with similar studies results, suggesting that Lesson Studies can be advantageously used also in initial teacher training.
Originality – The research reported on the use of Lesson Studies in training of Physical Education teachers is very limited.
Comparative impact of oils and synthetic chemicals on survival, reproduction, and resistance of Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: QAYYOUM MUHAMMAD ASIF ASIF
Published: February 2025

Panonychus citri (McGregor) was reported resistant to more than 23 pesticides because of the considerable application of acaricides. Finding new and environmental-friendly is the main research objective of this study, by evaluating the impact of oils and chemicals on the survival and reproduction of P. citri in addition to the identification of resistance levels between susceptible, on-field treated plant oil (PO) and F1-generation populations. Results indicated that the survival and oviposition rates were directly proportional to each other and showed significantly differences (P = 0.005) in all aspects (within treatment and between treatments). Mineral oil had less impact on survivability with an increasing trend (higher to low doses) while all other treatments responded almost similarly after 24 hours of exposure time. The egg dipping method had no impact on the survival of next-generation parameters except slight difference between the highest and lowest doses. The PO population was susceptible to all treatments as LC50 values ranged from 0.038 to 1.132 mL− 1 with 1.23 to 4.72-fold difference except in plant oil case. The resistance levels of F1-generation and PO population remained very high in evaluation to susceptible strain and 1.45 to 1.99 times fold difference among them. According to our results, plant oil can be used as a potential alternative product for P. citri control, The egg dipping method has less or no impact and the F1 generation population develops quick resistance ability. These results will be helpful for pest and resistance management strategies in the future.
A Study on Research Trends of Green Banking through Bibliometric analysis Using Scopus Database
Authors: nabilah  , kumar Ranjith
Published: February 2025

Green banking has become a crucial foundation for advancing sustainable financial practices that support environmental stewardship and economic resilience. Green banking incorporates ecological considerations into banking practices, therefore tackling climate change and promoting sustainable growth within the financial system. This Bibliometric Analysis examines the patterns, partnerships, and thematic development of research in Green Banking from 2013 to 2023, using data from Scopus-indexed journals. The investigation started with a targeted search using five TITLE-ABS-KEY- "Green Banking" OR "Green Portfolio" OR "Sustainable Banking" OR "Sustainability Banking Practices" OR "Eco-Friendly Banking" yielding a total of 480 papers. Following the application of inclusion criteria, 350 publications were identified, focussing on areas like Social Sciences like Business Management, Economics, and Environmental Science, which were further refined to 225 articles explicitly pertaining to Green Banking activities. The use of Bibliometric analysis, facilitated by sophisticated software such as Gephi and VOSviewer, has for an in-depth analysis of co-authorship networks and citation dynamics in this rapidly expanding domain. These findings reveal enhanced publication production, and particularly in the past few years contributing to the notion of expanding interest and collaboration among scholars across. This study elucidates the status quo of Green Banking research and forecasts future trends, indicating the significance of Bibliometric Analysis in notifying the strategic approaches towards green and sustainable banking practices.