bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Krytyczne wydarzenia życiowe i ich znaczenie w biografiach seniorów
Authors: Kuryś-Szyncel Karolina , Błachnio Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki stanowiące część szerszych badań międzypokoleniowych na temat ważnych, znaczących wydarzeń biograficznych. Narracje osób badanych zostały poddane analizie przez pryzmat wyłonionych w literaturze kryteriów odnoszących się do tzw. krytycznych wydarzeń życiowych (m.in. nagłość zdarzenia i nieprzewidywalności jego skutków, potencjalna dwuwartościowość, rodzaj i charakter zmian życiowych, jakie są efektem zmagania z tym zdarzeniem). Autorki podejmują próbę zrekonstruowania najbardziej typowych krytycznych wydarzeń życiowych i ich znaczenia w biografiach seniorów. Perspektywa temporalna (schyłek życia, czas podsumowań) służy refleksyjnej narracji i czyni ją tym samym wartościową dla egzemplifikacji możliwych (potencjalnych) skutecznych i nieskutecznych strategii życiowych, poczucia jakości życia oraz podstawę budowania mądrości życiowej.
Być prababcią. O znaczeniu pełnionej roli w życiu osoby starszej – studium przypadku
Authors: Litawa Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

O doświadczeniach seniorów związanych z pełnieniem przez nich ról prababci czy pradziadka wiadomo wciąż stosunkowo niewiele. W prezentowanym artykule autorka, w oparciu o badanie indywidualnych przeżyć osoby starszej, podjęła próbę przynajmniej częściowego uzupełnienia tej luki. Celem badań było rozpoznanie oraz zrozumienie doświadczeń i przemyśleń towarzyszących pełnieniu przez jednostkę roli prababci.
The Experience of Alzheimer’s Disease as a Learning Situation
Authors: Dubas Elżbieta
Published: June 2020

The author shows Alzheimer’s disease as a learning situation, from the andragogic perspective and in the context of experience analysis of three family carers. She describes this learning as an informal process. She also points to the dramatic aspect of accompanying the patient on their journey as an important background to this process. She emphasizes “maturation in a process” as a particular dimension of this learning which deepens the existential development of the carers. She stresses the importance of support for people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease by adult education and geragogy specialists, which enables carers to experience the disease as a process of broadening their self-awareness.
Czas nie mija, czas nie stoi… Krótkie filmy Wojciecha Hasa w perspektywie autobiograficznej
Authors: Grodź Iwona
Published: June 2020

Tematem tekstu są krótkie filmy Wojciecha Hasa, przede wszystkim, takie jak Harmonia (1947), Moje miasto (1950) i poszukiwanie w nich śladów (auto)biografizmu. Celem było pokazanie ich potencjału semantycznego, zwrócenie uwagi na bogactwo możliwych interpretacji. Tylko postawa badawczej otwartości pozwala uniknąć ciężaru wszelkich fundamentalizmów, pewników, całościowych ujęć. Perspektywa edukacyjna ujawniała się w aktualizacji narzędzi badawczych z zakresu tematologii i hermeneutyki.
Starość z perspektywy seniorów jako ważny głos we współczesnej refleksji geragogicznej. Recenzja monografii Artura Fabisia pt.: “Troski egzystencjalne w starości. Ujęcie geragogiczne”, Kraków 2018, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego
Authors: Wąsiński Arkadiusz
Published: June 2020

Tekst jest recenzją monografii habilitacyjnej Artura Fabisia opublikowanej w 2018 r. przez Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Pedagogicznego w Krakowie. W zwięzłej, syntetycznej formie podjęto dyskusję wokół przyjętych w pracy głównych kategorii pojęciowych, teoretycznych i metodologicznych przesłanek koncepcji badań, a także wartości poznawczej analiz i interpretacji wywiedzionych ze zgromadzonego materiału badawczego. Zwrócono również uwagę na oryginalny charakter i walory niniejszej publikacji.
Niñas y niños migrantes no acompañadas. Una defensa a su derecho a participar como nuevos actores sociales
Authors: Velásquez Crespo Gabriela Alejandra
Published: June 2020

La comunicación analiza la importancia del derecho a la participación en los procedimientos de protección a la infancia, especialmente en los casos de los niños y niñas migrantes no acompañados al ser nuevos actores sociales. Estas niñas y niños son autónomos, poseen su propio plan vida, en el que se incluye su propio plan migratorio, y actúan de una manera distinta dentro de la sociedad. Tienen derecho a participar dentro de los sistemas de protección y que, por tanto, estos sistemas deberían tener en cuenta sus particularidades como nuevos actores sociales, para que se logre una correcta protección de sus derechos.
Becoming a (Re)Searcher: Negotiating Literacies and Uncertainty
Authors: Courtland Darcy
Published: June 2020

In this paper I explore my evolving understandings of literacy and ways of knowing. Using autobiographical narrative inquiry (Clandinin & Connelly, 2000), the first section of my paper delves into the ways I have previously negotiated concepts of literacy as an educator and novice researcher. In the second section of my paper, I turn towards Indigenous scholarship (Antone, 2003; Cardinal, 2010; Young, 2005) as I embrace my conception of literacy as “life lived” in conjunction with Freire’s (1985) concept of dwelling in uncertainty. By engaging narratively with my own literacy and learning experiences during the first year of my doctoral program, I negotiate uncertainty through three threads of learning: slowing down, being open to vulnerability, and walking humbly in good
Several Factors Associated With Nitrogen Balance In Elderly Patients
Authors: Zurriyani Zurriyani , Ichwani Jusri , Widajanti Novira
Published: June 2020

BackgroundNitrogen balance is the method used to assess the protein adequacy. A negative nitrogen balance means that the body suffers from protein energy malnutrition.ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors that associated with nitrogen balance in the elderly patients who were inpatient in IRNA Internal Medicine Dr.Soetomo Hospital.MethodsThe experimental design of the research used was analytic observational with the cross-sectional design. The study was conducted of 50 elderly patients. Risk factors measured were protein intake using food recall and nitrogen excretion that expressed in Urea Nitrogen Urine (gr / 24 h). The nitrogen balance was derived from the difference between nitrogen intake and nitrogen excretion in 24 hours. Bivariate data analysis using Chi square or exact fisher test, while multivariate data analysis using logistic regression test.ResultsIn bivariate analysis, risk factors significantly associated with negative nitrogen balance were decreased renal function (LFG <90 ml / min / 1.73 m2), prolonged bed rest> 7 days and malnutrition. Other risk factors not significantly associated with negative nitrogen balance were diabetes mellitus, random blood sugar> 180 mg / dl, hypoalbumin and CRP> 6 mg / dl. In multivariate analysis showed the decrease of renal function and duration of bed rest > 7 days was significant.ConclusionThe decreased renal function and bed rest for more than 7 days was a risk factor for protein malnutrition in elderly patients.
Prediktor Social Loafing dalam Konteks Pengerjaan Tugas Kelompok pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Fitriana Herlina , Saloom Gazi
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji sejauh mana dimensi Big Five Personality, motivasi berprestasi, kohesivitas kelompok dan jenis kelamin menjadi prediktor social loafing. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 295 orang mahasiswa. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan non-probability sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model regresi tergolong good fit (F(295)=22.253, df=13, nilai p=.000, R2=.507). Motivasi berprestasi, yang terdiri dari tiga dimensi, yaitu independence (B=-0.139, SE=0.068, nilai p=.043), ambition (B=-0.263, SE=0.057, nilai p=.000) dan task related motivation (B=-0.259, SE=0.062, nilai p=.000), serta jenis kelamin (B=2.983, SE=0.893, nilai p=.001) merupakan prediktor social loafing yang substansial dalam model. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk lebih mengontrol faktor budaya jika tertarik untuk menggunakan independen variabel Big Five Personality dan melakukan kontrol terhadap jenis tugas tertentu untuk variabel dependen yang sama.
Safety Performance pada Pekerja Berisiko Tinggi Ditinjau dari Kepribadian, Pengetahuan dan Motivasi Keselamatan Kerja
Authors: Syarifah Dewi , Adiati Rosatyani Puspita
Published: June 2020

Safety performance merupakan perilaku kerja yang terkait dengan keselamatan pekerja dalam melakukan pekerjaannya. Banyaknya kasus kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi di Indonesia menguatkan urgensi dilakukannya penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi safety performance seseorang dalam bekerja. Skala untuk mengukur kepribadian, pengetahuan dan motivasi seseorang tentang keselamatan kerja, serta safety performance diberikan kepada 142 pekerja dengan risiko tinggi. Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa ada korelasi negatif yang signifikan dari tipe kepribadian neuroticism (B=-0.067, SE=0.031, nilai p=.03), dan korelasi positif dari safety knowledge (B=0.387, SE=0.06, nilai p<.001) dan safety motivation (B=0.317, SE=0.064, nilai p<.001) terhadap aspek compliance pada safety performance. Lebih lanjut, ada korelasi negatif yang signifikan dari pendidikan (B=-0.406, SE=0.160, nilai p=.012), serta korelasi positif dari aspek kepribadian openness to experience (B=0.082, SE=0.03, nilai p=.008), safety knowledge (B=0.355, SE=0.068, nilai p<.001) dan safety motivation (B=0.454, SE=0.073, nilai p<.001) terhadap aspek partisipasi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan dasar seleksi maupun pengembangan karyawan, khususnya untuk mereka yang bekerja pada lingkungan dengan resiko tinggi.
Proses Pengambilan Keputusan Menjadi LGBT pada Individu dengan Karakteristik Religius
Authors: Indrayati Nafia Kusuma , Dwicahyani Nastiti , Prastowo Helsa Evania , Vinasthika Putri Anindita , Ganies Gitajiwa Sekarnusa
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meperoleh gambaran proses pengambilan keputusan menjadi LGBT pada individu yang religius. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif fenomenologi. Penelitian dilakukan di Surabaya dengan satu informan lesbian dengan karakteristik religius. Data dalam penelitian menggunakan wawancara semi terstruktur. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa individu dengan karakteristik religius mengambil keputusan menjadi lesbian melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu menilai tantangan, mensurvei alternatif, mempertimbangkan alternatif, menyatakan komitmen, bertahan terhadap feedback negatif. Faktor yang berperan dalam pengambilan keputusan terdiri dari faktor internal berupa religiusitas partisipan yang memberi pertimbangan terkait pengambilan keputusan, serta faktor eksternal berupa dukungan sosial dari pasangan, teman dekat, keluarga dan ketiadaan penolakan secara langsung dari lingkungan sekitar. Dimensi religiusitas yang dimiliki pada partisipan adalah dimensi intelektual, dimensi ideologi, dimensi ritualistik, dimensi perasaan dan dimensi konsekuensial. This study aimed to find out the decision-making process of religious lesbian individual. The approach used was qualitative phenomenology. The study was conducted in Surabaya with one lesbian informant, who was identified as a religious person. The data were collected with semi-structured interview. The method of data analysis was Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results showed that the individual, who was identified as religious person, decided to be a lesbian through stages of decision making. The stages were assessing challenges, surveying alternatives, considering alternatives, expressing commitment, and surviving negative feedback. Factors that played a role in the decision making were internal factor, participant's religiosity affected the the decision making, and external factor, social support from partners, close friends, family and the acceptance from her circle. The dimensions of religiosity of the participant were intellectual dimensions, ideological dimensions, ritualistic dimensions, feelings dimensions, and consequential dimensions.
Penyusunan Sistem Pengembangan Karyawan Melalui Pelatihan dengan Pendekatan Appreciative Inquiry
Authors: Edo Edwarsyah , Handoyo Seger , Sulistyowati Maria Eko
Published: June 2020

One of the biggest challenges in the oil and gas industry in the upstream sector is sustainable of oil and gas exploration and exploitation activities to keep the field in continuous production. Successful exploration and production activities cannot be separated from the ability and management of human resources in the company. The company requires professional and high qualifications workforce in managing upstream oil and gas business activities that have characteristics of high capital, risk and technology intensives. This research was conducted with the aim of compiling an employee development system through training with the Appreciative Inquiry approach. The research method is qualitative using the stages of 4D Appreciative Inquiry. The results showed that the Appreciative Inquiry approach could bring out the positive strengths and core-values that exist within the organization, and make a commitment from the organization to do better in terms of employees training and development.
Pengaruh Fundamentalisme Agama Terhadap Narsisme Kolektif dan Out-Group Derogation Pada Aktivitas Mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi Negeri
Authors: Budiarti Diah , Ardi Rahkman
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini berfokus pada temuan pelanggaran kebebasan beragama/berkeyakinan (KBB) di lingkungan perguruan tinggi negeri (PTN), antara lain sumpah atas tegaknya khilafah, persetujuan terhadap syariah sebagai pedoman bernegara, serta lingkungan kampus yang cenderung dikuasai kelompok fundamentalis karena mahasiswa memiliki paham keagamaan yang kaku dan kerap salah paham. Langkah kebijakan institusi pendidikan terkait temuan tersebut hanya bersifat klarifikasi dan belum mencakup penelusuran terhadap akar permasalahan pelanggaran KBB. Hipotesis penelitian adalah fundamentalisme agama merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kecenderungan bias (narsisme kolektif dan out-group derogation) pada aktivis mahasiswa PTN. Metode penelitian berupa eksperimen dengan pemberian priming yang pada penelitian sebelumnya terbukti meningkatkan kecenderungan bias. Subjek penelitian adalah 203 (N=203) mahasiswa PTN yang tergabung dalam organisasi mahasiswa ekstra kampus berbasis Islam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fundamentalisme agama tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap narsisme kolektif dan out-group derogation. Pemberian priming tidak terbukti meningkatkan kecenderungan bias (narsisme kolektif dan out-group derogation) pada aktivis mahasiswa PTN.
Resiliensi Pascabencana Tsunami
Authors: Sasmita Nursakinah Oktaviana , Afriyenti Lenny Utama
Published: June 2020

Adanya bencana alam tsunami di Wilayah Pandeglang dan sekitarnya hingga ke pesisir Lampung menyebabkan warga banyak yang mengalami kehilangan baik materi, ataupun sanak saudara. Bencana alam telah memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan terhadap fisik, psikologis dan sosial. Kejadian tersebut mengakibatkan trauma kepada korban bencana. Upaya untuk bangkit dari kondisi mental yang tidak menguntungkan diperlukan kemampuan resiliensi.( dalam Satria dan Sari, 2017). Ada tujuh kemampuan yang membentuk resiliensi, yaitu; regulasi emosi, pengendalian impuls, optimisme, empati, causal analysis, efekasi diri dan reaching out. Pada dasarnya setiap orang mempunyai semua faktor tersebut, namun yang membedakan adalah bagaimana seseorang mempergunakan dan memaksimalkan faktor  tersebut agar berguna untuk menghadapi masa-masa sulit seseorang. (Reivich dan Shatte, 2002). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat resiliensi para korban tsunami di daerah Sumur, Pandeglang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Populasi berjumlah 220 kepala keluarga dengan sampel sebanyak 50 orang. Skala yang digunakan adalah Resilience Scale dari Reivich yang berjumlah 56 item, namun dalam penelitian ini hanya akan menggunakan 21 item saja. Analisis data menggunakan regresi ganda, menghasilkan 0.92% terhadap variable resiliensi. Sedangkan variable yang terbesar mempengaruhi adalah variable causal yang memberikan sumbangan sebesar 25.5%.
Endometrioma surgery and possibilities of early disease control
Authors: Tanos Vasilios , Sowah Elsie
Published: June 2020

Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of surgical management in ovarian endometrioma for early disease control and long-term fertility preservation in adolescents and women of very young age. A history of cyclic pains in adolescents is highly associated with endometriosis. Sonography enables the diagnosis of small endometriomas 1-2 cm in diameter. Although it is obvious that the risk of damage to normal ovarian tissue is diminished when operating and removing a 2 cm endometrioma, it is not approved since there are currently no tools available to identify at-risk patients. Additionally, performing laparoscopic surgery with 5 mm instruments in patients with small endometriomas will likely cause more harm than benefit.

Methods: A literature review was performed using key words for endometrioma surgery, in vitro fertilization (IVF), implantation rate, pregnancy rate and adolescents. The pros and cons of surgical removal prior to assisted reproductive therapy (ART), outcomes of endometrioma surgical treatment before IVF, and current recommendations for endometrioma removal were investigated.

Results: The total patient population from articles supporting removal of endometrioma before assisted reproductive therapy and evidence against were 30,741 and 9983 respectively. However, the only study reporting a statistically significant result found an 8.2% implantation rate for the surgical removal group vs . 12% in the direct-to-IVF group, and 14.9% pregnancy rate in the surgical removal group vs . 24.9% in the direct-to-IVF group. Damage to ovarian reserve and function due to surgery is exacerbated by large cyst size, stripping of the pseudocapsule and older age. Larger endometrioma, ablation of the endometrioma base and younger age are associated with higher recurrence rate.

Conclusion: The patient’s age, in addition to the size and type of endometrioma, can direct and indicate the timing of surgical management. Bilateral endometriomas and those larger than 7 cm are associated with more damage to ovarian reserve due to disease and surgery, as compared with unilateral lesions and those smaller than 7 cm. High-risk adolescents and very young women seeking fertility treatment can thus benefit from an early diagnosis of endometrioma. Treatment by trans vaginal hydro-laparoscopy of selected cases can probably be suggested for the treatment of small endometriomas, since 5fr instruments are used following microsurgery principles. Therefore, an early diagnosis of endometrioma, especially in young patients, must be encouraged, improved and standardized, through stepwise clinical reasoning and diagnostic testing.
Тестовая Статья
Authors: Fedorchenko Alexander
Published: June 2020

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Predictors of intra-hospital mortality in patients with diabetic foot ulcers in Nigeria: data from the MEDFUN Study.
Authors: Adeleye Olufunmilayo O , Ugwu Ejiofor T , Gezawa Ibrahim D , Okpe Innocent , Ezeani Ignatius , Enamino Marcelina
Published: June 2020

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are associated with high morbidity and mortality globally. Mortality in patients hospitalized for DFU in Nigeria is unacceptably high. This study was undertaken to determine factors that predict mortality in patients hospitalized for DFU in Nigeria.Methods:The current study was part of Multi-centre Evaluation of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Nigeria (MEDFUN), an observational study conducted in six tertiary healthcare institutions across the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Consecutive type 1 or 2 diabetic patients hospitalized for DFU who consented to participate were recruited and subjected to relevant clinical, biochemical and radiological assessments and multidisciplinary care until discharge or death. Data for type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients were expunged from current mortality analysis due to their small number.Results: Three hundred and twenty three type 2 DM subjects with mean age and mean duration of DM of 57.2 11.4 years and 8.7± 5.8 years respectively participated in this study. The median duration of ulcers was 39 days with a range of 28 to 54 days and majority (79.9%) presented with advanced ulcers of at least Wagner grade 3. Mortality of 21.4% was recorded in the study, with the highest mortality observed among subjects with Wagner grade 5. Variables significantly associated with mortality with their respective p values were DM duration more than 120 months (p 0.005), ulcer duration > one month (p 0.020), ulcer severity of Wagner grade 3 and above (p 0.001), peripheral arterial disease (p 0.005), proteinuria (p <0.001), positive blood cultures (p<0.001), low HDL (p <0.001), shock at presentation (p<0.001), cardiac failure (p 0.027),and renal impairment (p <0.001). On Multivariate regression analysis, presence of bacteraemia (OR 5.053; 95% CI 2.572-9.428) and renal impairment (OR 2.838; 95% CI 1.349 – 5.971) were significantly predictive of mortality independent of other variables.Conclusions: This study showed high intra-hospital mortality among patients with DFU, with majority of deaths occurring among those with advanced ulcers, bacteremia, cardiac failure and renal impairment. Prompt attention to these factors might be helpful in improving survival from DFU in Nigeria.
Changes in health-related quality of life before and after a 12-month enhanced primary care model among chronically ill primary care patients in Australia.
Authors: John James , Tannous Kathy , Jones Amanda
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Evidence suggests that Patient-centred Medical Home (PCMH) model facilitates person-centred care and improves health-related quality of life for patients with chronic illness. This study aims to evaluate changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), before and after enrolment into a 12-month integrated care program called ‘WellNet’. Methods: This study includes 616 eligible consented patients aged 40 years and above with one or more chronic conditions from six general practices across Sydney, Australia. The WellNet program included a team of general practitioners (GPs) and clinical coordinators (CCs) providing patient-tailored care plans configured to individual risk and complexity. HRQoL was recorded using the validated EuroQol EQ-5D-5L instrument at baseline and 12 months. Additionally, patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis also reported HRQoL using short versions of Knee and/or Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome scores (KOOSjr and HOOSjr). A case-series study design with repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to assess changes in mean differences of EQ-5D index scores after controlling for baseline covariates. Per-protocol (Model 1) and multiple imputation models (Model 2), the latter using a fully conditional specification (FCS) of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm was analysed. Additionally, backward stepwise multivariable linear regression models were conducted to determine significant predictors of EQ-5D index scores at follow-up. Results: Out of 616 patients, 417 (69%) reported EQ-5D scores at follow-up. Almost half (48%) of the WellNet patients reported improved EQ-5D index scores at follow-up. After controlling for baseline covariates, the adjusted mean difference was statistically significant whilst also meeting the bare minimal clinically important difference (MCID) with a change of 0.03 (95% CI 0.01, 0.05). However, the imputed model failed to meet statistical significance. The multivariable regression models determined that baseline EQ-5D scores, positive diagnosis of a respiratory illness, and private health insurance status were significant predictors of HRQoL at follow-up. There were significant improvements across both KOOS and HOOS assessments, specifically, the pain and symptom scores in both scales met statistical significance in addition to meeting the MCID.Conclusion: Patient-tailored CDM plans designed by team of GPs and CDM clinical coordinators could lead to better HRQoL among primary care patients.
Mechanical, Pure Fatigue and Corrosion Fatigue Properties of Pack Carburizing Low Carbon Steel Aisi 1020 by Using Waste Organic Materials in 3.5% Nacl
Authors: Hassan Kharia Salman , Razooqi Ahmed Ibrahim , Ridha Munaf Hashim
Published: June 2020

The influence of pack carburizing by different leftover organic materials was studied.Egg shell, dropping flower,orang shell mixed with charcoal, was used as refresher and its effect on corrosion fatigue of low carbon steel 1020 AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) was studied. Carbon steel 1020 originally used for manufacturenumerousdevice parts such as gears, shaft, connecting rod.Severalsamples for the tensile and fatigueexaminationsareequipped from the based metalagreeing toASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)descriptions. Pack carburizing is carried outby charcoal for liberation atomic carbon.The diffusion procedure on selectedsamples were pack carburizing using charcoal with addition leftover organic materialsas energies withratio of30% pack carburizing and at925 for two hours. After that, the samples quenched in water and tempered. Tensile,hardness, microstructures examination were implemented. Corrosion fatigue wascarried by rotating bending device in sea water 3.5% NaCl. The results showed that all carburizing compound causes an improving in corrosion fatigue due to the change in microstructure between the surface of specimens,its core and the comparative residual stress which produce by carburizing process.Egg shell give the high value and charcoal the lower value with respect to the basemetal.
Elevated Serum Free Carnitine Levels in Children with Kawasaki Disease and Their Relation to Unresponsiveness to Intravenous Immunoglobulin: retrospective study
Authors: Muto Taichiro , Nakamura Nami , Masuda Yu , Numoto Shingo , Kodama Shunsuke , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Miyata Kenji , Hayakawa Tomohito , Mori Hiromitsu , Kuroyanagi Yoshiyuki , Akaihata Mitsuko , Iwayama Hideyuki , Kurahashi Hirokazu , Shimomura Yasuhito , Nagai Takuhito , Hori Toshinori , Agata Hiroatsu , Okumura Akihisa
Published: June 2020

Background: Carnitine plays an essential role in transfer of long-chain fatty acids to mitochondria for subsequent β-oxidation. No studies to date have characterized carnitine in children with KD. The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of serum free carnitine (FC) in hospitalized pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods: In total, 45 patients with KD measured the levels of serum FC from October 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. We analyzed the clinical and laboratory parameters just before the Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) including serum levels of serum FC with respect to the IVIG response. We also analyzed the relationship between serum FC and liver deviation enzymes or the duration of fever at diagnosis. Results: The median age was 33 months. IVIG was effective in 33 children (responders) and was ineffective in 12 (non-responders). The serum FC levels were higher in non-responders than in responders [(35.3 mmol/L (range, 26.8-118.4 mmol/L) vs. 31.4 mmol/L (range, 20.9-81.2 mmol/L), p value = 0.0496]. The FC levels before intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in four-fifths of responders were below the normal range. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin, and FC were higher in non-responders than in responders. There were no different in patient characteristics and laboratory data according to fever duration at diagnosis. There was a correlation between FC and AST (R2=0.364, P=0.0015) and between FC and ALT (R2=0.423, P<0.001) levels. Conclusion: FC levels were upregulated in patients with KD who were refractory to IVIG. Additionally, FC levels in children with KD correlated with AST and ALT levels. The pathogenesis resulting in the elevation of FC levels remains elusive. Further studies are necessary to understand more precisely carnitine properties in patients with KD.
Effect of Antifoaming Agent on Colorectal Benign Tumours in Colonoscopy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Hu , Liu Jing , Ma Lin Song , Zhang Heng
Published: June 2020

Background: Although several trials have showed that addition of antifoaming agent to polyethylene glycol (PEG) can improve bowel preparation, whether PEG plus antifoaming agent has a beneficial role in detection of benign tumours during colonoscopy has yet to be confirmed. Our aim was to clarify whether adding simethicone to PEG solution could improve the effect of detection of colorectal benign tumours.Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles published prior to September 2019. The outcomes included the detection rates of colorectal adenomas and polyps.Results: Twenty studies were eligible. Although there was no difference in the colorectal adenoma detection rate (ADR), a significant effect of simethicone for diminutive adenomas (< 10 mm) was revealed in the group with simethicone. We also found that simethicone could significantly improve the ADR in proximal colon, but did not affect the colorectal polyp detection rate (PDR). Furthermore, the subgroup analyses revealed that the beneficial effect of simethicone in the ADR among Asian (P=0.005) and ADR < 25% (P =0.003). Moreover, it was a significant finding that the low dose simethicone was as effective as the high dose one with respect to the detection of colorectal benign tumours.Conclusions: In summary, the addition of simethicone to PEG might benefit to improve diminutive adenomas in the right colon for colonoscopy in Asia. The low-dose simethicone was recommend to the detection of colorectal benign tumours. However, large clinical trials are necessary to validate our results and determine the ideal dose of simethicone.
Dietary diversity practice and associated factors among pregnant women attending ANC in Kolfe Keranyo sub city health center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Authors: Brhanie Tsegahun Worku , Tefera Walelgn , Dereje Mamo
Published: June 2020

Background: Adequate and healthy diet during pregnancy is essential for the health of both mother and newborn. Dietary diversity is a proxy indicator of maternal nutrient adequacy. However, little is documented on the prevalence of dietary diversity among pregnant women. This study was aimed to assess the dietary diversity practice and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health centers of the coffee keranyo sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 406 randomly selected pregnant women attending ANC in health centers of the coffee keranyo sub city, Addis Ababa from March 2-April 2/ 2018. Data were collected by using interviewer and 24 H dietary recall method. Data had entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Multiple logistic regression was run to assess factors associated with the dependent variable at P<0.05. Results: The mean Dietary Diversity Score of pregnant women was 5. 45+-1. 83. About 60.9% of pregnant women had good dietary diversity practice. Pregnant women who learned collage and above had more dietary diversity practice than the illiterate one [AOR=2.26, 95% CI: (1.066, 4.808)]. Pregnant women with monthly income more than 5,000 ETB had more dietary diversity than income less than 2,000 ETB [AOR=2.33, 95% CI: (1.234, 4.416)]. Pregnant women at second antenatal care visit had more dietary diversity than at the first visit [AOR=2.42, 95% CI: (1.183, 4.952)]. Having nutrition information during pregnancy increases 2 times better dietary diversity practice than none informed ones [AOR=2.10, 95% CI: (1.294, 3.422)].Conclusions: The mean Dietary Diversity Score of pregnant mothers was 5.45. And 60.9% of pregnant women had a good dietary diversity score, whereas 39.1 % of them had a poor diet diversity score. Mothers’ education, monthly income, second and third antenatal care visit and nutrition information had a significantly associated with pregnant mothers’ dietary diversity.
Hepatocyte Parafﬁn 1and Arginase-1 Are Effective Panel of Markers in Hbv-related Hcc Diagnosis in Fine-needle Aspiration Specimens
Authors: Moudi Bita , Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb Hamidreza , Heidari Zahra , Farrokh Parisa
Published: June 2020

Objective:In order to make successful treatment for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, an early diagnosis is necessary. In this research we aimed to evaluate the IHC staining pattern of HepPar- 1 and Arg-1and their performance in early diagnosis of HCC.The incidence of HepPar- 1 and Arg-1 were evaluated by IHC, using core liver fine-needle aspiration biopsies from 121 patients (HBV, HCC, HBV+HCC) and 30 healthy subjects.Results:Arg-1 had significantly increased sensitivity in identification of HBV+HCC patients compared to HepPar-1 (P<0.001).The sensitivity of arginase-1 is 96.3% whereas, the sensitivity of HepPar-1 is 72.7%. Arg-1 had higher specificity in identification of HBV+HCC patients compared to HepPar-1 (P<0.05).with one positivemarker, the sensitivity, the specificity and the PPVs and NPVs were 84.3%, 82.4%, 88.6% and 85.4% respectively, and the sensitivity and negative predictive value were significantly higher compared to the both 2 positive combinations. It was concluded that Arg-1 can improves the ability to detect HBV+HCC patients when compared with HepPar-1.When, both markers being positive, the specificity and PPVs of this combination were fairly higher. Concurrent use of these two proteins may be one of the best HCC detection patterns in needle specimens.
First Detection and Molecular Characterisation of Pseudocowpox Virus in a Cattle Herd in Zambia
Authors: Ziba Maureen Wakwamba , Chitala Chanda , Settypalli Tirumala Bharani K , Mumba Malama , Cattoli Giovanni , Fandamu Paul , Lamien Charles Euloge
Published: June 2020

Background: Pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) of the genus Parapoxvirus in the family Poxviridae causes pseudocowpox in cattle worldwide and presents a zoonotic concern. Most poxviruses produce diseases of similar clinical signs in affected animals, which are impossible to differentiate clinically or by serology. It is, therefore, vital to use molecular assays to identify the causative agents of poxvirus infections rapidly. This study aimed to detect, diagnose, and characterize the causative agent of pox-like skin lesions in a cattle herd in Zambia, initially suspected to be infected with the Lumpy Skin Disease virus.Methods: We used a high resolution melting (HRM) analysis assay to detect the PCPV genome and sequenced the major envelope protein (B2L) gene for comparative sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Our field investigations showed cattle presenting atypical skin lesions and high morbidity within the herd. The laboratory diagnosis based on an HRM assay revealed the PCPV genome in the samples. Phylogenetic and comparative sequence analyses confirmed PCPV in the samples. They revealed genomic differences between samples collected in 2017 and 2018 from the same farm.Conclusion: Our work is the first documented report of PCPV in Zambia. It shows the strength of molecular methods to diagnose pox-like infections in cattle and discriminate between diseases causing similar clinical signs for better veterinary interventions.
Changes in Healthcare Spending Attributable to Obesity: Payer- and Service-Specific Estimates
Authors: Broek-Altenburg Eline van den , Atherly Adam , Holladay Evon
Published: June 2020

Background: National efforts to control US healthcare spending are potentially undermined by changes in patient characteristics, and in particular increases in rates of obesity. The objective of this study was to provide current estimates of the effect of obesity on healthcare spending overall, by service line and by payer using the NIH classifications for BMI. Methods: We used a quasi-experimental design and analyzed the data using generalized linear models and two-part models to estimate obesity-attributable spending. Data was drawn from the 2006 and 2016 Medical Expenditures Panel Survey. We identified individuals in the different BMI classes based on self-reported height and weight. Results: Total medical costs attributable to obesity rose to $126 billion per year by 2016, although the marginal cost of obesity declined for all obesity classes. The overall spending increase was due to an increase in obesity prevalence and a population shift to higher obesity classes. Obesity related spending between 2006 and 2016 was relatively constant due to decreases in inpatient spending, which were only partially offset by increases in outpatient spending. Conclusions: Obesity related spending between 2006 and 2016 was relatively constant due to decreases in inpatient spending, which were only partially offset by increases in outpatient spending. Obesity class 2 and 3 were the main factor driving spending increases, suggesting that persons over BMI of 35 should be the focus for controlling spending.
Pharmacological Antagonism of Kainate Receptor Rescues Dysfunction and Loss of Dopamine Neurons in a Mouse Model of Human Parkin-induced Toxicity
Authors: Regoni Maria , Cattaneo Stefano , Mercatelli Daniela , Novello Salvatore , Passoni Alice , Bagnati Renzo , Davoli Enrico , Croci Laura , Consalez Gian Giacomo , Albanese Federica , Zanetti Letizia , Passafaro Maria , Serratto Giulia Maia , Fonzo Alessio Di , Valtorta Flavia , Ciammola Andrea , Taverna Stefano , Morari Michele , Sassone Jenny
Published: June 2020

BackgroundMutations in the PARK2 gene encoding the protein parkin cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (ARJP), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dysfunction and death of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Since a neuroprotective therapy for ARJP does not exist, research efforts aimed at discovering potential targets for neuroprotection are critically needed.A previous study demonstrated that loss of parkin function or expression of parkin mutants associated with ARJP causesan accumulation of glutamate kainate receptors (KARs) in human brain tissues and an increase of KAR-mediated currents in neuronsin vitro. MethodsBased on the hypothesisthat such KAR hyper-activation may contribute to the death of nigralDA neurons, we investigated the effect of KAR antagonism on the DA neuron dysfunction and death that occur in the parkinQ311X mouse, a model of human parkin-induced toxicity. ResultsWe found that early accumulation of KARs occurs in the DA neurons of the parkinQ311X mouse model and that chronic administration of the KAR antagonist UBP310 prevents DA neuron loss. This neuroprotective effect was associated with rescue of the abnormal firing rate of nigral DA neurons and downregulation of GluK2, the key KAR subunit. ConclusionsThis study provides novel evidence ofa causal role of glutamate KARs in the DA neuron dysfunction and loss occurring in a mouse model of human parkin-induced toxicity. Our results support KAR as a potential target in the development of a neuroprotective therapy for ARJP.
Light-gated nano-porous polymersomes from stereoisomer-directed self-assemblies
Authors: Chen Hui , Fan Yujiao , Yu Xia , Semetey Vincent , Trépout Sylvain , Li Min-Hui
Published: June 2020

Capsules with holes in the walls exist in natural systems like virus capsids, and in biomimetic systems like immune-stimulating complexes vaccines and liposomes of phospholipids/surfactants mixtures. Structuring pores into stable membrane and controlling their opening are extremely useful for applications that require nano-pores as channels for material exchange and transportation. Polymersomes, which are stable and robust vesicles made of amphiphilic block copolymer, are good candidates for drug carriers or micro/nanoreactors. Engineering structure-inherent and light-gated nano-porous polymersomes is especially appealing, but still unexplored. Here we present these polymersomes made from a polymer including a tetraphenylethene (TPE) in its center. TPE is an emblematic fluorogen with aggregation-induced emission, which possesses two stereoisomers sensitive to photoisomerization. Trans-isomer of the polymer forms classical vesicles, cis-isomer forms cylindrical micelles, while trans/cis mixtures construct perforated vesicles with nano-pores. Under UV light, the classical polymersomes of trans-isomer can be perforated by its cis-counterpart generated from the photoisomerization.
Characterization and Analysis of The Nasal Microbiota and Plasmatic Extracellular Vesicles in Allergic Rhinitis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mariani Jacopo , Iodice Simona , Cantone Laura , Marraccini Paolo , Conforti Emanuele , Ignar Raymond , Bulsara Pallav A. , Lombardi Maria S. , Howlin Robert P. , Bollati Valentina , Ferrari Luca
Published: June 2020

Background: Increasing evidence suggests a possible link between the bacterial nasal microbiota (bNM) to allergic diseases such as allergic Rhinitis (AR), as it might modulate the allergic response by acting on the onset and progression of allergic inflammation. In this case-control study, we aimed to compare the bNM between 25 AR patients and 25 matched healthy subjects (HS) as well as to evaluate possible modifications within the host-microbiota cross-talk, investigating the release pattern of both bacterial- and host-Extracellular Vesicles (EVs).Results: bNM analysis showed that Actinobacteria (AR: 2.5%-83.5%; HS: 18.6%-92.7%), Firmicutes (AR: 6.1%-63.5%; HS: 6.4%-72.2%) and Proteobacteria (AR: 0.6%-89.6%; HS 0.7%-38%) were the most abundant phyla in the study population. Diversity reduction in AR patient bNM was pointed out compared to the HS group bNM (Observed OTUs: p =0.018; PD whole tree: p =0.014). Moreover, the distribution of the weighted normalized intra-group UniFrac distances analysis showed a less uniform bacterial community within AR patients rather than HS group (nonparametric test p =0.01). Since EVs may have a central role in the cross-talk between bNM and the host, we evaluated their size and concentration in the plasma of the study subjects. AR patients were characterized by a higher concentration of EVs ranging between 130-231 nm, 257-287 nm and 323-348 nm (p <0.05). We further characterized plasmatic EVs investigating both bacterial-EVs and host-EVs subpopulations and observed that all EV subtypes mean concentrations were higher in AR patients compared to those of HS group, except for EpCAM+ EVs.Conclusion: Our results suggest that AR patients are characterized by a less diverse and wide intra-group variable bNM compared to that of HS, as well as an altered host-microbiota EV communication network. Further studies are needed to disentangle the relationship between the host and the nasal bacterial community during pathological conditions and health.
Changes in The Diversity of Human Skin Microbiota to Cosmetic Serum Containing Prebiotics: Results From A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hong Ki Bae , Hong Yang Hee , Jung Eun Young , Jo Kyungae , Suh Hyung Joo
Published: June 2020

Background: Prebiotic treatment may rebalance the skin microbiota by regulating the growth of harmful and beneficial microorganisms. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (N = 60), we evaluated the effects of a cosmetic serum containing galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on the balance of the skin microbiota by measuring various skin parameters. Results: The skin water-holding capacity between the control (ND) and experimental (NF) groups was significantly different after 8 weeks of serum treatment (p < 0.05). Similarly, changes in transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and the erythema index in the ND and NF groups were significantly different (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the wrinkle depth and Staphylococcus aureus population decreased in the NF group compared with those in the ND group (p < 0.05). The mean form factor, Shannon index, and Pediococcus population were significantly increased in the post-NF group compared with those in the post-ND group (p < 0.05). Finally, in the ND group, water-holding capacity was positively correlated with Enhydrobacter, whereas Enterobacteriaceae was negatively correlated with TEWL in the NF group. Conclusions: These results suggest that GOS inhibit the growth of harmful skin microbes and increase the population of beneficial microbes.
Public Health Implications of Vaping in the US: The Smoking and Vaping Simulation Model
Authors: Levy David T , Tam Jamie , Sanchez-Romero Luz Maria María , Li Yameng , Yuan Zhe , Jeon Jihyoun , Meza Rafael
Published: June 2020

Background
Nicotine vaping products (NVPs) are increasingly popular worldwide. They may provide public health benefits if used as a substitute for smoking, but may create public health harms if used as a gateway to smoking or to discourage smoking cessation. This paper presents the Smoking and Vaping Model (SAVM), which estimates the public health implications of NVPs in the US.
Methods
SAVM adopts a cohort-approach and is available on an Excel platform. We derive public health implications by comparing smoking- and NVP-attributable deaths under a No-NVP and an NVP Scenario. The No-NVP Scenario projects current, former and never smoking rates via smoking initiation and cessation rates, and incorporates excess risks of smoking. The NVP Scenario allows for NVP relative excess risks, switching from cigarette to NVP use, separate NVP and smoking initiation rates, and separate NVP and smoking cessation rates. The model is validated against recent US survey data on smoking and vaping prevalence.
Results
The SAVM projects that under current patterns of US NVP use and substitution, NVP use will translate into 5.8 million premature smoking- and vaping-attributable deaths avoided and 96.4 million life years gained between 2013 and 2100. Sensitivity analysis shows that parameters for NVP relative risks, NVP-related switching and smoking cessation are particularly influential in gauging public health impacts.
Discussion
The SAVM shows potential benefits of e-cigarette use over a wide range of parameters. However, there is a high degree of uncertainty regarding key parameters. Policymakers, researchers and other public health stakeholders can apply the SAVM to estimate the potential public health impact of NVPs in their country or region using their own data sources.
Technology Intervention to Support Caregiving for Alzheimer's Disease (I-CARE): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Braly Tyler , Muriathiri Doris , Holden Richard J. , Boustani Malaz A.
Published: June 2020

Background: Informal caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) manage a complex spectrum of patient behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). A mobile telehealth intervention could help reduce caregiver burden and BPSD. Methods: This is a pilot randomized controlled trial of 60 dyads of patients living with ADRD and their caregivers, to test the feasibility and estimate the effect of the BrainCare Notes (BCN) mobile telehealth system. Participants will be recruited from two health systems and randomly assigned to either the BCN intervention arm or usual care comparator. Data will be collected at baseline and 3- and 6-month follow-up. The primary outcomes of this trial are: (a) recruitment rate; (b) data completion; (c) BCN usability; (d) BCN acceptance; and (e) BCN use, assessed either on an ongoing basis or at 3- and 6-months post-intervention. Secondary outcomes are caregiver burden and patient BPSD at 3 and 6 months, assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory.Discussion: The study will assess the intervention feasibility and effect size of the BCN telehealth system as a potential scalable and lower-cost solution for addressing the ADRD public health crisis.Trial Registration: Clinical Trials. NCT03119259. Registered 4/18/2017. Clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03119259Protocol Version 1: Study # 1606267154