bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivic Hypercohomology Solutions in Field Theory and Applications in H-States
Authors: Bulnes Francisco
Published: January 2021

Triangulated derived categories are considered which establish a commutative scheme (triangle) for determine or compute a hypercohomology of motives for the obtaining of solutions of the field equations. The determination of this hypercohomology arises of the derived category $\textup{DM}_{\textup {gm}}(k)$,  which is of the motivic objects whose image is under $\textup {Spec}(k)$  that is to say, an equivalence of the underlying triangulated tensor categories, compatible with respective functors on $\textup{Sm}_{k}^{\textup{Op}}$. The geometrical motives will be risked with the moduli stack to holomorphic bundles. Likewise, is analysed the special case where complexes $C=\mathbb{Q}(q)$,  are obtained when cohomology groups of the isomorphism $H_{\acute{e}t}^{p}(X,F_{\acute{e}t})\cong (X,F_{Nis})$,   can be vanished for  $p>\textup{dim}(Y)$.  We observe also the Beilinson-Soul$\acute{e}$ vanishing  conjectures where we have the vanishing $H^{p}(F,\mathbb{Q}(q))=0, \ \ \textup{if} \ \ p\leq0,$ and $q>0$,   which confirms the before established. Then survives a hypercohomology $\mathbb{H}^{q}(X,\mathbb{Q})$. Then its objects are in $\textup{Spec(Sm}_{k})$.  Likewise, for the complex Riemannian manifold the integrals of this hypercohomology are those whose functors image will be in $\textup{Spec}_{H}\textup{SymT(OP}_{L_{G}}(D))$, which is the variety of opers on the formal disk $D$, or neighborhood of all point in a surface $\Sigma$.  Likewise, will be proved that $\mathrm{H}^{\vee}$,  has the decomposing in components as hyper-cohomology groups which can be characterized as H- states in Vec$_\mathbb{C}$, for field equations $d \textup{da}=0$,  on the general linear group with $k=\mathbb{C}$.  A physics re-interpretation of the superposing, to the dual of the spectrum $\mathrm{H}^{\vee}$,  whose hypercohomology is a quantized version of the cohomology space $H^{q}(Bun_{G},\mathcal{D}^{s})=\mathbb{H}^{q}_{G[[z]]}(\mathrm{G},(\land^{\bullet}[\Sigma^{0}]\otimes \mathbb{V}_{critical},\partial))$ is the corresponding deformed derived category for densities $\mathrm{h} \in \mathrm{H}$, in quantum field theory.
A Reflection on the Evolution of Corporate Culture and Conflict Resolution (Part II)
Authors: Kroon Hilde , Baatsen Marcel
Published: January 2021

A Reflection on the Evolution of Corporate Culture and Conflict Resolution (Part I)

In this article, a roadmap is proposed for both individual growth and eventual maturation of an organisation as regards how conflict is dealt with. Much can be achieved within organisations when the individuals who work there succeed in discovering and deploying their potential in order to deal with conflict in a mature manner.

An organisation is a compilation of individuals and the overall culture of the organisation is, ultimately, determined by the collective wisdom of the people that form it, when it comes to dealing with conflict and related difficulties. The authors of this article propose a shared view to unearth the potential of an individual working in an organisation to creatively and proactively manage conflict, thereby opening a corporate portal that empowers the adoption of beneficial solutions in response to disarming and preventing difficult organisational situations.

In Part II, the authors will show how managers can develop themselves in management styles embedded in the Evolution System to support individuals and the organisation in their development to maturation.
Introduction
Authors: Courage Richard A.
Published: January 2021

Fenton Johnson is known to contemporary readers, if known at all, as a minor black poet whose works typically portray a sort of urban folk misery. He was also, in fact, a talented journalist and keen observer and chronicler of African American life, most especially in his native Chicago. A profound sense of place informed the editorials and survey articles that appeared each month in his first journal, ...
Fenton Johnson, Literary Entrepreneurship, and the Dynamics of Class and Family
Authors: Courage Richard A. , Hall James C.
Published: January 2021

Fenton Johnson was both poet and journalist. His Champion Magazine (1916-1917) pioneered a monthly digest format aimed at a nascent black middle-class audience interested in “Negro Achievement” from sports, theatre, and popular musical entertainment to business, politics, military service, and the professions, to art and literature. Although Johnson proved inept as a literary entrepreneur and contradictory in ideology, his first journal was richly cosmopolitan in scope and highly professional in writing, design, and layout. Johnson’s local collaborators included older African American intellectuals such as George Washington Ellis, Richard T. Greener, John Roy Lynch, and W. H. A. Moore. Besides more accurately locating Fenton Johnson in African American cultural history, this chapter sheds light on black writing and thought on the cusp of the Harlem Renaissance.
Strategies for Visualizing Cultural Capital
Authors: Mooney Amy M.
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines the ways in which the portrait was utilized as a tool for social change as it presented the accumulation of knowledge, skills, and consciousness of Chicago’s black entrepreneurs and became a distinctive form of cultural capital. Positioning themselves as models for emulation, Robert S. Abbott, Jesse Binga, and Anthony Overton generated public campaigns that visualized the dignity, style, and progressiveness essential to the conceptualization of the New Negro. They worked to establish an ethic of representation that countered the unconscionable effacement of civil rights. By patronizing African American artists and publishing their portraits in Chicago’s burgeoning black press, they lent their likenesses toward the formation of a modern collective black identity.
Becoming Barthé
Authors: Vendryes Margaret Rose
Published: January 2021

This chapter covers the decisive six years, in Chicago, when sculptor James Richmond Barthé (1901-1989) became an artist and a contributor to racial uplift. His faith in racial integration is reflected in work that merges European tradition with African American bodies. Barthé used the accessibility of naturalism to highlight the dynamism of blackness in his era. In 1927, The Negro in Art Week, Barthé’s professional debut, was organized by the Chicago Woman’s Club, the Chicago Art League and The Art Institute of Chicago. This exhibition introduced Barthé to his peers, competitors, African art, and his mentor Alain Locke. His figure, Tortured Negro, an unprecedented black male nude, was the first of Barthé’s many beautiful and coded sculptures. He invented himself and his art in Chicago.
King Daniel Ganaway
Authors: Fredericks Brenda Ellis
Published: January 2021

This essay explores the nexus between King Daniel Ganaway's religiosity and his goal of creating photographic images demonstrating the inherent worth and spirit of both inanimate objects and human beings. He aimed at a sympathetic interpretation and presentation of every subject. His methods alligned him with the Pictorialist School of 1920s photographers although he never formally affiliated with any group. Pictorialists sought to exploit the balance and beauty found in presenting light, shadow, and darkness as aesthetically stimulating and worthy of being considered part of the fine arts. No doubt Ganaway's upbringing and continued adult commitment to Christianity sustained him against the odds as this self-taught photographer won the coveted Wanamaker Prize in 1921 over nine hundred competitors.
Ending Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Britton Hannah E.
Published: January 2021

South Africa’s democratization has been celebrated internationally for the remarkable advances of women in political office. Despite these visible steps forward, South Africa continues to face exceedingly high levels of sexual assault, rape, and intimate-partner violence. This book is about this juxtaposition between women’s national political power and these egregious violations of human rights. The South African women’s movement initially pursued state feminism, specifically using insider strategies to construct institutions and enact policies for women’s advancement. Yet the most poignant measure of the shortcomings of state feminism is the persistence of gender-based violence. The recent turn toward carceral feminism, with its focus on arrests and prosecutions, also fails to address the complexity of interpersonal violence. Through fieldwork in nine local communities, this book contains the voices of service providers, religious leaders, traditional leaders, police officers, and medical professionals who address gender-based violence at the community level. Specifically, this book examines how community networks are created on a landscape that is still marked by apartheid legacies of racism, inequality, and violence. It is also a story about understanding how place and space affect policy implementation. Rather than becoming immobilized by this complexity, policy makers could support street-level workers who are at the cutting edge of the struggle to end gender-based violence.
Place
Authors: Britton Hannah E.
Published: January 2021

Apartheid recharted the South African landscape through its control and restructuring of place and space. The separation of races through the Group Areas Act divided populations and created pockets of extreme wealth adjacent to areas marked by overpopulation, poverty, and structural violence. While apartheid laws have been repealed for decades, inequality continues to structure the daily lived experiences of South Africans. This chapter examines a range of different communities in order to map the networks, institutional actors, and resources that address gender-based violence in the new South African geography. Efforts to end gender-based violence appear to be most successful when they are embedded in initiatives to strengthen community networks that address the larger structures of inequality and abuse.
Police
Authors: Britton Hannah E.
Published: January 2021

The South African police are widely critiqued for their institutional failures and widespread corruption, but the communities in this project point to the importance of the police in efforts to address violence, punish perpetrators, and protect survivors. This is a chilling finding, given the wide discretion the police exercise in cases of abuse and violence. This chapter examines some of the factors that help police stations become positive community leaders, including sector policing, visible policing, community policing, and victim support. The chapter also reveals their overreliance on contracting out key service delivery to volunteers. Volunteers and police also expressed a high level of burnout and secondary trauma working in this sector.
Moving beyond Carceral Feminism
Authors: Britton Hannah E.
Published: January 2021

Recently in South Africa, social problems such as gender-based violence are interpreted primarily as legal issues that may be ameliorated by carceral solutions. These approaches are appealing because political leaders know how to set sentencing guidelines, monitor arrests, and track prosecutions. Yet what the postapartheid case underscores is that such reactive approaches are woefully inadequate to address the complexity of violence that individuals, families, and communities face. The service providers in this project argue that the prevention of gender-based violence starts with community-based approaches. When communities are strengthened, leaders are better able to foster social transformation. Service providers are calling for a broader understanding of the upstream solutions to address all forms of violence and to uproot the legacies of violence and oppression.
Unruly Cinema
Authors: Mehta Rini Battacharya
Published: January 2021

Unruly Cinema is a meta-history of Indian cinema’s emergence and growth in correspondence with the colonial, postcolonial, and the neoliberal state. Indian popular cinema has grown steadily from the largest national film industry to a global cultural force. Between 1931 and 2000, Indian cinema overcame Hollywood’s domination of the Indian market, crafted a postcolonial national aesthetic, resisted the high modernist pull of art cinema, and eventually emerged as a seamless extension of India’s neoliberal ambitions. The major agent of these four shifts was a section of the Hindi cinema produced in Bombay, which came to be named and marketed as Bollywood in the twenty-first century. Through a systematic exposition of four historical periods, this book shows how Bollywood’s current dominance is an unlikely result of unruliness, that is, of a disorganized defiance of norms. Perpetually caught between an apathetic and adversarial government and an undefined public, Indian commercial cinema has thrived simply by defying control or normalization. The aesthetic turns of this cinema are guided by counter-effects, often unintended and always unruly.
Colonial Indian Cinema
Authors: Mehta Rini Bhattacharya
Published: January 2021

This chapter focuses on the hybridity and modernity of early Indian cinema, which managed to survive the control and surveillance of the colonial government. The first crisis of Indian cinema was its precarious existence, threatened by colonial control and regulation on the one hand and Hollywood’s dominance over Indian film-market on the other. This chapter details the unlikely growth and resilience of a disorganized medium, leading to the 1930s when the Indian “talkie” ended Hollywood’s dominance in the Indian film-market.
Shadow Nationalism
Authors: Mehta Rini Bhattacharya
Published: January 2021

This chapter follows the trajectory of postcolonial Indian cinema and its negotiations with a regulatory state. Apart from exploring the apathy and political antagonism of the government, this chapter will explore how the dominant genres of popular cinema survived the Nehruvian regime of control and regulations by adopting and modulating a nation-statist ideology – in the form of a shadow nation – that could smooth over the contradictions between the progressive stance of the state and the regressive inertia of tradition and patriarchy.
Cinema, Media, and Global Capital in an Unruly Democracy
Authors: Mehta Rini Bhattacharya
Published: January 2021

From 2007 onwards, a sizeable majority of the top-grossing Bollywood films have been funded partially or in full by a Hollywood studio. Since 2015, Indian films have found new outlets in online media companies such as Netflix, Amazon Studios, and YouTube. And in 2018, both Amazon and Netflix had marketed their original content using the Bollywood star-centric model. It is in this context that the last chapter unpacks the probable futures in the ever-evolving, flexible historiography of Indian cinema.
Artful Noise
Authors: Siwe Thomas
Published: January 2021

A substantial body of musical literature for solo and ensemble percussion was created in the twentieth century. This book examines percussion literature’s evolution: how it came to be and the styles that composers embraced as they produced a large body of music for percussion instruments alone. The focus is on the music that was created, the various genres that arose, and the composers who contributed seminal works. The question is posed: What world and cultural events brought composers to reject the past and embrace modernism? The twentieth century is notable for its many technological advances as well as for the global conflicts that disrupted the lives of millions. Both had significant impact on the arts. Tape recorders, synthesizers, and computers became useful tools for the avant-garde composer. Artists, exiled from their homelands by the war’s devastation, arrived in the Americas with new ideas to share. On the West Coast of the United States, composers found that percussion music was an ideal accompaniment for a nascent modern dance movement. The end of World War II brought monumental change to higher education and to music education in the States. College-trained percussionists became an important resource for the modern composer, who contributed new solo and ensemble works to the percussion canon. The twentieth century witnessed the rise of the percussive arts to a status equal to that of other instrumental groups.
Introduction
Authors: Siwe Thomas
Published: January 2021

During the 1900s, many well-known composers produced significant works for percussion instruments alone within the genres that appeared throughout the century, for example, serialism, indeterminacy, chance music, electronic music, music-theater, and others. An examination by genre will help the reader to better understand the explosion of creativity that produced such a unique and remarkable repertoire for instruments of percussion.
Introduction
Authors: Nielsen Kim E.
Published: January 2021

This introduction introduces the analytical and historiographic frameworks interwoven with the major events in the life of Anna B. Blaser Miesse Ott. This includes marriage and divorce laws, the historical development of psychiatric institutions, the cultural power of diagnosis, and the use of ableism as an analytical tool. In addition, the introduction introduces the reader to historical methodologies, explaining how the marital, legal and medical structures in which Ott and those around her lived limited the evidence that remains regarding her.
The Questions of 1855
Authors: Nielsen Kim E.
Published: January 2021

Exploring the limited information available about this tumultuous period in Ott’s life, this chapter explores how historians wrestle with limited sources, unanswered questions, contradictions, and the ways our historical subjects may possibly lie or mislead us. The chapter uses Ott’s passport application and early divorce documents to unpack the period.
Miesse v. Miesse, 1856
Authors: Nielsen Kim E.
Published: January 2021

In 1856, Jonathan and Anna Miesse divorced after he accused her of gender deviance, cross-dressing, sexual impropriety, and neglect of their children. Evidence suggests that the couple colluded to agree upon Anna’s guilt in order to divorce. For Jonathan and other husbands, accusations of sexual infamy and unwomanliness served as effective strategies. Not simply an example of victimhood, Anna left the marriage with significant financial resources in a decade in which early women’s rights activists were only beginning to prod state legislators to pass laws enabling women to own and control their own property.
Remembering Anna Ott
Authors: Nielsen Kim E.
Published: January 2021

This chapter analyses the messy impact of historical forces such as ableism, patriarchy, and institutionalization on Ott’s life. The justifying logic imbedded in her diagnosis and prescriptive institutionalization (re)wrote her life story—her past, her future, and how she would be remembered. The ableism undergirding Ott’s insanity diagnosis permeated legal, familial, and activist contexts both outside and inside the walls of medicine in the late nineteenth-century United States. The chapter then argues for biography as a powerful methodology to forefront lived experiences while simultaneously embedding those lived experiences in large-scale social and historical structures.
Introduction
Authors: Stricker Frank
Published: January 2021

Main arguments are discussed and key concepts are defined to help readers later on and to preview the book’s effort to evaluate mainstream paradigms, one of which is that 4 percent unemployment is full employment. Flaws in the idea of frictional unemployment are sketched. This chapter stresses the importance of discouraged workers and other jobless people outside the labor force. Truly full employment requires more jobs than people needing jobs, short periods for finding work, and real wages rising 2 percent per year. These conditions have been rare. The final argument is that neoliberalism and unregulated markets cannot bring full employment. Government job programs are essential.
Full Employment
Authors: Stricker Frank
Published: January 2021

Wartime deficit spending brought truly full employment, but millions of women were pushed out of blue-collar jobs afterward. Business leaders and conservatives defeated a full-employment bill in 1946. Capital flight, urban deindustrialization, and a double recession in the late 1950s destroyed many, especially black, communities. Under presidents Kennedy and Johnson, liberal Keynesian economists used tax cuts and deficit spending to promote more economic growth and full employment. Large-scale spending on the Vietnam War followed. Unemployment stayed below 4 percent for four years, but millions were still jobless. Some of them joined the uprisings of black people that rocked American cities. Dissenting experts realized that the government undercounted unemployment. Lyndon Johnson’s War on Poverty focused too much on fixing poor people and not enough on creating jobs for them. Later, some liberals concluded that economic growth and poverty programs could not bring real full employment. Direct job creation was essential. One such effort was the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA).
Low Unemployment + Low Inflation
Authors: Stricker Frank
Published: January 2021

The labor force ballooned as more women, immigrants, and baby boomers sought work. Plant shutdowns were common and corporations “downsized” work forces. Real wages began a long decline. Owing to spending on Vietnam and soaring oil prices, inflation surged. Richard Nixon tried government wage-and-price controls and then recession and high unemployment. But inflation stayed up. This was “stagflation.” Some authorities decided that recessions had to be harsher. The Paul Volcker-Ronald Reagan recession of 1981 reduced inflation but eliminated millions of good jobs. Unemployment never fell below 5 percent. Unemployment did not fall below 5 percent before a new recession, which occurred during the presidency of George H.W. Bush. Most economists believed that low inflation required permanently high unemployment; their view was labeled NAIRU—the Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment. The late 1990s were a surprise. Federal Reserve Chair Alan Greenspan and President Bill Clinton helped to bring low inflation and low unemployment at the same time. Real wages increased more than at any time since the early ’70s.
The U.S. Unemployment Rate
Authors: Stricker Frank
Published: January 2021

Creating a scientific survey of unemployment in the 1930s and 1940s was an advance for people’s understanding of unemployment and for rational government policy. Many government officials, including Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins and agencies including the Census Bureau, the Works Progress Administration, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), deserve credit for the achievement. However, today’s BLS unemployment rate omits too many people, and the low count weakens support for job-creation programs. This chapter offers a short history and a critique. It explains and evaluates the official rate, discusses hidden unemployment, including discouraged workers and other labor-force dropouts, evaluates alternative unemployment rates, including the BLS’s U-6 and the National Jobs for All Coalition’s rate, and examines the idea of full employment.
Degrees of Difference
Authors: McKee Kimberly D. , Delgado Denise A.
Published: January 2021

Degrees of Difference: Reflections of Women of Color on Graduate School uses personal narrative supported by scholarly research to identify the struggles faced by women of color in graduate school and the methods deployed by women to mitigate the academic and emotional struggles they face. Contributors represent a diverse group of women from different ethnic, racial, and national origin backgrounds in fields ranging from the humanities to sciences. The essays engage common themes that recur in many women of color’s narratives: racial microaggressions, alienation, disillusionment, a lack of departmental and institutional support, imposter syndrome, a lack of self-care, and limited support from family and partners. The authors then discuss the specific steps taken to resist the roadblocks that stop many women of color from completing their degrees. Focusing on self-care, the creation of supportive communities, finding like-minded mentors, and strategies on resisting racism and unsupportive faculty and graduate students, the contrubtors offer solutions and possible avenues to support other women of color’s success in academia.
Evoking My Shadow Beast
Authors: Sampson Carrie
Published: January 2021

Life does not stop for anyone pursuing a graduate degree. For women of color, however, cultural and familial pressures sometimes make finishing our graduate degrees more difficult. This chapter explores the experience of a woman of color doctoral student completing her dissertation while also caring for her two young children, watching over two parents who struggled with serious illnesses, and managing a household. Framed by critical race feminism, this counterstory highlights microaggressions that exist in institutions of higher education but also within families. Exploring notions such as Superwoman, the “double-bind,” and the often-competing expectations related to traditional gender roles and aspirations, this chapter urges women of color to consider different ways of caretaking that promote liberation, eliminating the patriarchal and misogynistic expectations that tend to hinder the progress of women of color in graduate school.
Sett bmit ragel “A Woman as Good as 100 Men”
Authors: Youssef Soha
Published: January 2021

This chapter proposes the appropriation of pervasive gendered pejoratives, such as sett bmit ragel, conjuring their inherent power not only to raise the awareness of the agencies often inadvertently participating in microaggressions in U.S. academy, but also to dismantle the patriarchal systems of oppression that might be perpetuated by the continuous use of such pejoratives. To expose instances of interpersonal and systematic microaggressions that the author experienced as an Arab Muslim woman of color in academia, four vignettes are presented and grounded in current scholarship. The chapter concludes with a call to the academy, suggesting how it might cultivate spaces for Arab women to gain the courage to share our own experiences with microaggressions.
You’re Going to Need a Team
Authors: Fernández Delia
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses the lessons for women of color undergraduate and graduate students that the author learned from participating in the McNair Scholars Program in 2009. These include the benefits of forming a community, finding the right mentor or mentors, and prioritizing a regular practice of self-care. The chapter provides firsthand examples of challenges as well as tips and possible solutions for such obstacles. In this essay, administrators and staff can find suggestions for what types of programming can help women of color prepare for graduate school and finish it. Undergraduates will find tips for what types of support they should be seeking out if they are interested in going to graduate school. Graduate students will find recommendations on how to succeed professionally and personally.
Disciplinary Peripheries
Authors: Wills Jenny Heijun , Mugabo Délice
Published: January 2021

This chapter features a dialogue between Delice Mugabo, a PhD Candidate in Geography at SUNY and Jenny Heijun Wills, an associate professor of English at University of Winnipeg. In their conversation, Mugabo and Wills reflect on how women of color in graduate school are observed and surveilled by white women scholars in ways that encourage interracial and interdisciplinary kinship formation. Drawing on their experiences living and working as intersectional feminist scholars in Canada, Mugabo and Wills gesture to their respective communities and subjectivities—Mugabo, a Black feminist who studied in Quebec; Wills, an Asian adoptee who works in Manitoba—to make sense of the lack of institutionalized Race Studies in Canada, despite a history of student protests.
Introduction
Authors: Dierenfield Bruce J. , Gerber David A.
Published: January 2021

The historian of disability Douglas Baynton has observed that when we set off purposely to look for it, we find that disability is everywhere throughout history.1 A corollary to Baynton’s axiom is that if disability is everywhere, we may find many disparate phenomena, some of them apparently distant and some of them proximate, intersecting with disability, either predictable and easily imagined or requiring us to stretch our imaginations....
Signing, Sectarian Schools, and the Law
Authors: Dierenfield Bruce J. , Gerber David A.
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines and analyzes the five-year journey of Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District (1993) from the federal district court in Tucson to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit to the U.S. Supreme Court. William Bentley Ball, the Zobrests’ attorney, and John Richardson, the school district’s attorney, clashed over whether the Establishment Clause permitted any government aid to a Catholic school. Many religious and civil libertarian groups—but just one national deaf association—filed arguments to sway the court. Chief Justice William Rehnquist, who wrote the majority decision favoring the Zobrests, misunderstood the complicated function of a sign language interpreter to permit what he regarded as incidental parochial school aid. Rehnquist maintained the aid was permissible because the plaintiffs and their deaf son were its main beneficiaries.
Choosing It All
Authors: Dosekun Simidele
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores the women’s accounts of why they dress in spectacularly feminine style. It shows that they insist on “choice,” positioning themselves as thoroughly agentic, self-regarding and self-pleasing in what they represent as a pleasurable and empowering yet also laborious, disciplined and policed, and sometimes physically painful dress practice. Teasing out the content and contradictions of the women’s said choice, the chapter argues that what they are choosing is spectacular feminine beauty, and ultimately because it promises a subjective and embodied sense of self-confidence.
“Not That Kinda Girl”
Authors: Dosekun Simidele
Published: January 2021

The concern of this chapter is with how the women imagine and experience being seen and read by others, versus how they see themselves and wish to be understood. It argues that the women invoke commonplace derogatory stereotypes of “girliness” as frivolous in order to distinguish themselves as doing a new and rare style of it that means “girl power.” The chapter maps the contradictions and tensions in the women’s attempts to resignify hyperfemininity in this way, showing that, in practice, they cannot control or predict the meanings of their appearance.
Conclusion
Authors: Dosekun Simidele
Published: January 2021

Pulling together the book’s central findings and arguments, this chapter extends a further critique of postfeminism as making false promises to women or, indeed, a nonperformative, bound to fail because the transformative cultural, material and political shifts required for it to be materialized have not come to pass. The chapter concludes with a reflection of whether we are, in any case, now in post-postfeminist times as a number of feminist cultural scholars have begun to suggest of late.
Pleasure in the News
Authors: Gallon Kim T.
Published: January 2021

Pleasure in the News: African American Readership and Sexuality in the Black Press is an examination of the coverage of sexuality in the Black Press between 1925 and 1940, otherwise known as the interwar period in the United States. In the book, Kim Gallon argues that the Black Press made sexuality a major topic of news to appease African American readers’ imagined desires for sexual coverage. In so doing, Gallon argues that Black Press coverage produced a number of black sexual public spheres that offered early-twentieth-century African Americans opportunities to debate and discuss particular sexual topics. In their simplest form, black sexual public spheres were discursive arenas in which readers debated and discussed sexual matters. They also served as mechanisms for readers to critique and sound off on a wide range of issues, including respectability, interracial marriage, divorce, the sexualization of women’s bodies, and homosexuality within early-twentieth-century black communities. Overall, Pleasure in the News provides an expanded understanding of the ways readers interacted with the Black Press and representations of sexuality.
The Black Press and a Mass Black Readership
Authors: Gallon Kim T.
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines the mass movement of southern African Americans to Northern cities in the first half of the twentieth century and shows how it dramatically altered the Black Press. After 1920, black newspaper editors covered more news that they believed would appeal to working-class African Americans. In charting the development of the early-twentieth-century Black Press, chapter 1 presents a comparative analysis of five different newspapers: The Amsterdam News, The Baltimore Afro-American, The Chicago Defender, The Philadelphia Tribune, and the Pittsburgh Courier. These five newspapers demonstrate how the Black Press fostered and imagined an African American readership’s interest in sexuality through its sensational coverage of the variegations of black life throughout the 1920s and 1930s.
Introduction
Authors: Feu Montse
Published: January 2021

At the turn of the twentieth century, Spanish workers arrived in the United States already imbued with radical traditions rooted in the socialism or anarchism of their homeland. These radicals would play a critical role in the broader antifascist political efforts of the coming years during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) and the Francisco Franco dictatorship (1939–1975). About two hundred workers’ and immigrant associations came together under the Sociedades Hispanas Confederadas (Confederation of Hispanic Societies, SHC) and published the bilingual periodical España Libre (Free Spain) in New York from 1939 to 1977, when democratic elections were held again in Spain. The confederation grew to 65,000 members at its height. Mainly composed by workers, the Confederadas understood Spanish fascism as a complex and adapting interlocking of fascist, extreme-right, and capitalist values. Franco fascistized Spain with a culture of National Catholicism and cult of military power that enforced social cleansing of dissenters and terrorized the population. España Libre continued an antifascist, progressive, and radical political and cultural legacy in the United States while Franco intended to destroy it in Spain. It constituted an alternative progressive path to modernity, albeit an exiled one.
Transnational Networks of Support
Authors: Feu Montse
Published: January 2021

United by a culture of solidarity and political protest, the working-class community revealed in the periodical España Libre was favored by various networks of support. These included networks associated with the Second Spanish Republican government and politicians in exile; labor unions both within and outside the United States; educators, including Spanish academics and the Modern Schools; as well as Spanish-language and radical publishers operating in Europe and South America. Through the alternative press and fundraising events, exiles met other migrant, ethnic, and radical individuals and maintained a sense of trust and community so necessary to avoid the isolation of exile. On the contrary, ethnic and radical networks strengthened the Confederadas in its commitment to generating its own non-institutionalized and transnational modes of collective organization.
España Libre, the Antifascist Periodical
Authors: Feu Montse
Published: January 2021

Franco’s rule had a devastating effect on workers in Spain: not only were workers’ unions suppressed and their leaders either shot or sent to prison or into exile, but their politics were censored and destroyed. España Libre’s editors and contributors had a clear understanding of their role in preserving the diverse legacy of progressive and radical workers, something that was documented in each issue in the form of essays, reviews of books and fundraising events, historical writing, theater, fiction, and poetry. Staff and contributors, nongovernmental institutions, and the global antifascist community published political protest in España
Libre, which demonstrates the transnational reach and distribution of the periodical.
Aurelio Pego, Antifascist Satirical Chronicler
Authors: Feu Montse
Published: January 2021

Satirists were central contributors to the print protest in España Libre. They transformed the antifascist experience into a full narrative voice in the periodical. One of the main writers for España Libre, Aurelio Pego, articulated in his works sharp, humorous attacks on fascism that also helped turn exile into a livable experience. His insightful humor greatly appealed to exiles and it cultivated their will to resist while proclaiming the urgency of change after the international recognition of the Franco’s regime. Pego’s wit was incisive in countering fascist myth-making. With spirited chronicles, Pego also lampooned passive Americans and exiles because he thought they could do more to end fascism in Spain.
Prologue
Authors: Perman Tony
Published: January 2021

This book pushes past the limits of language to explain how musicking contributes to powerful emotional and spiritual experiences. Emphasis on the ethnographic moment clarifies the impact that the past and the future have on the immediacy of the present. The prologue introduces the ethnographic encounter at the center of the text and addresses three key terms in the book’s title: music, experience, and meaning. These abstract categories do not exist in isolation. There is no meaning without experience, nor music without meaning. The chapters that follow explore how meaning is experienced during Ndau spirit possession ceremonies and shapes emotional life.
Overnight
Authors: Perman Tony
Published: January 2021

The chapter explores emotional experience via attention to mhongo spirits, possession, and the effects of musical performance. It compares multiple performances in order to demonstrate how ceremonial conventions can be manipulated or undermined. The chapter introduces mhongo spirits, the intricate drumming that brings them to dance, and the consequences of shifting performance signs. The goal is to demonstrate how emotion itself is meaningful and explain how semiotic processes shape participants’ emotional experiences. I compare the successful Horus Farm ceremony to two other, atypical performances of music intended for mhongo spirits in which the host hoped to avoid spirit possession.
Epilogue
Authors: Perman Tony
Published: January 2021

The epilogue shows that ceremonial traditions do not thrive simply because custom is resilient or because the so-called structures from which they emerge are fixed, but because they provide hope. Performing, playing, and doing are the means by which ideas and habits become action. Performances help form, solidify, and embody the values of local communities, meaningfully generating habits and habitus. Values properly embodied in ritual performance make people and their spirits happier, improving the communities involved. The model presented here is a tool for understanding meaning and experience as felt in lived moments, and for making that leap from the minute to the magnificent. Signs initiate complex processes of perception, interpretation, and experience that both distinguish self from other and integrate self with other.
Lost and Found
Authors: Jules-Rosette Bennetta , Osborn J.R.
Published: January 2021

This chapter examines systems of classification supporting the front stage of museum exhibits. It traces the roots of European museum taxonomies found in colonial expositions and early museums of African art. It discusses the floorplans and displays strategies of French museums and contrasts them with theories proposed by anthropologists and African intellectuals. Museum classifications reflect inherited epistemologies and those of their era. These classifications are translated into labels and strategies for staging displays exhibitions, and expositions, that is, into exhibitionary complexes. The chapter concludes with a discussion of reconfigurations of the museum landscape with contrasting evidential support. It explores French museum closings and their deconstruction in relationship to historical antecedents and problems of labeling and reinstallation.
Agitating African Art
Authors: Jules-Rosette Bennetta , Osborn J.R.
Published: January 2021

This chapter explores the practices and circuits of artistic exchange from the perspectives of contemporary African artists whose works have been exhibited in and used by museums around the world. Dialogues with artists emphasize the circuits, pathways, and potential blockages of intercultural communication involved in the appropriation and display of artworks in museums. The chapter examines the contingencies of artists’ contracts and the role of cultural brokers who promote the display of African art. Artists continue to vie for museum presence through inclusion in catalogues and displays, from smaller focused shows to career retrospectives and blockbuster exhibitions. It is noteworthy that artists’ voices are placed in dialogue with the curatorial interviews in order to reframe debates concerning artistic production, curation, and display.
Introduction
Authors: Mitchell Jasmine
Published: January 2021

The introduction describes the book's main arguments of how media representations of mixed-black women manage blackness— through its erasure, its sexual regulation, and by presenting an acceptable blackness with a goal to whiten the population. Stepping into contemporary debates surrounding a postracial United States and Brazilian racial democracy, the book illustrates overlapping racial ideologies that are only visible when Brazilian and U.S. cultural productions are read alongside one another. The introduction lays out the hemispheric framework, explains why and how the book uses the terms mulatta in the United States and mulata in Brazil, and defines concepts of racial management and racial intimacies. Finally, the introduction justifies the media archive and the time period of the 2000s.
Women and Guangdong Native-Place Charity in Chinese Australian Pentecostalism
Authors: Austin Denise A.
Published: January 2021

This chapter presents a case study of Christian charity work among mobile Chinese of the Cantonese Pacific which suggests that the pull of native place charity was not weaker among women Christian converts than among men wedded to patriarchal hometown lineages. Braced by her triple marginalization as a woman, a Pentecostal, and a member of the minority Chinese community in Australia, Mary Kum Sou (Wong Yen) Yeung (Chen Jinxiao 陳金笑‎, 1888–1971) expressed her faith through a life of empathy for the marginalized and generosity towards those in need. By tracing Yeung’s strategic networking, her vocal support for charitable contributions, and the patterns of community engagement that characterized her charitable work, this research illustrates the concrete connections linking her spiritual beliefs to her distinctive style of hometown charitable engagement. Mary Yeung’s experience as a girl, a young woman, and a pioneering missionary and charity worker of the Australian Pentecostal church is more than a story of native place charity. It is also a story of faith and suffering, and privilege wedded with sacrifice. At the same time, in Mary Yeung’s charitable practice we find native-place welfare preserved and transformed within a radical Christian protestant tradition.
Politics in a Fallen Empire: Kishi Nobusuke and the Making of the Conservative Hegemony in Japan
Authors: Levidis Andrew
Published: January 2021

The creation of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) in November 1955 remains one of the most significant moments in modern Japanese political history. The political stability inaugurated in 1955, followed by more than seventy years of unbroken conservative government, have inured us to the striking persistence and durability of conservative ideas, institutions, and men across the political divide of 1945. This chapter examines Kishi Nobusuke’s role in the reconstruction of political order in 1955 and the vehicle of conservative hegemony – the Liberal Democratic party. In so doing it recasts the so-called 1955 system in the longue durée of Japanese political history. As post-imperial elites sought to restore familiar forms of government, their efforts intertwined with the memory of political upheaval between world wars. Layered into conservative efforts to reconceptualize their politics and organize postwar society in the 1950s were the ingrained traditions of 1930s and 1940s– anti-communism, national cohesion, mass mobilization, national harmony - which proved surprisingly translatable to notions of democracy, modernization, and Cold War state-building.
Reconstructing Sino-Japanese Friendship: East Asian Literary Camaraderie in Postwar Japan’s Sinitic Poetry Scene
Authors: Fraleigh Matthew
Published: January 2021

In the pages of the journal Friends in Elegance, launched in May 1951, Japanese and Chinese literary figures envisioned restoring the harmony of regional amity through the shared heritage of Sinitic poetry. Focusing on figures such as the Sinological Imezaki Tenpō, this chapter restores the vision of a literary Sinosphere, one untouched by war and violence, and transcending empire and Cold War. With a deft touch Mathew Fraleigh delves through the work of Sinitic poets including Miura Eiran, Kokubu Seigai and Mori Kaisan and traces the attempt to foster Sino-Japanese friendship through a shared cultural inheritance. One, in which expressions of benevolence, celebrations of peace held open the possibilities of a regional unity transcending the Cold War. Ending on an elegiac moment of hope, the chapter points to how a shared literary landscape might once again provide a realm of cooperation beyond politics and force of arms.
Everyday Masculinities in 21st-Century China
Authors: Wong Magdalena
Published: January 2021

Everyday Masculinities in 21st-Century China: The Making of Able-Responsible Men argues that a moral dimension in Chinese masculinity is of growing significance in fast-changing China. The author introduces the twin concepts of ability and responsibility as integral expressions of the dominant and hegemonic form of masculinity in present-day Nanchong. Able-responsible men—those who can create wealth and shoulder responsibilities—have replaced the 'moneyed elite' of the earlier reform-and-opening-up era as the dominant male ideal. The many case studies in the book vividly illustrate the coercive social forces that affect not just men and boys, but also women, and reveal that there is resistance as well as complicity. The book lays bare the socio-political context that nurtures the cultural expressions of hegemonic masculinity under the rule of President Xi Jinping, who has emerged in public consciousness as the embodiment of the ideal able-responsible man. There are new perspectives on many topical issues that China faces, including urbanization, labour migration, the one-child policy, love and marriage, gender and intergenerational dynamics, hierarchical male relationships, and the rise of mass displays of nationalism. The book is a rare effort to answer the question, 'Is there an indigenous Chinese masculinity?'