bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The dark side of EMI?: a telling case for questioning assumptions about EMI in HE
Authors: Block David
Published: March 2022

The neoliberalisation of higher education (HE), which began in earnest about three decades ago, and the global spread of English, which began earlier, together have motivated an exponential increase in the number of universities worldwide offering English-medium instruction (EMI) as a key part of their internationalisation policies. EMI in HE is by now a much discussed and examined phenomenon; however, all too often research does not challenge certain assumptions about its existence. One assumption is that the introduction of EMI is an on-the-whole innocuous change in how HE courses are delivered, and that any negative side effects for the primary stakeholders, lecturers or students, are minimal. This paper takes a contrarian and critical view of EMI, highlighting its more problematic side. This is done to some extent through a short and selective discussion of relevant literature in the next section. However, the critique comes through most clearly in subsequent sections of the paper, in which interview data collected from an EMI lecturer at a university in Catalonia are examined. As will become clear, the perspective of this single informant, presented as a ‘telling case’ (Mitchell, John C. 1984. Typicality and the case study. In R. Ellen (ed.), Ethnographic research: A guide
to general conduct, 237–241. London: Academic Press), is illuminating, as it highlights aspects of EMI that do not often appear in policy documents and research publications focussing on the topic.
Assessment of resistance to permanent deformations of asphalt mixes of low air void content
Authors: Radziszewski Piotr , Sarnowski Michał , Pokorski Piotr
Published: March 2022

This article presents the issue of resistance to permanent deformations of bridge pavements. In Europe, bridge asphalt pavement usually consists of the wearing course and the protective layer, which are paved on the waterproofing. Protective layers of bridge pavement are often constructed using low air void asphalt mixes. Such mixes are characterized by water-tightness, resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions, and enhanced fatigue life. Due to increased binder content, asphalt mixes for bridge pavement may display reduced resistance to permanent deformations. The article presents the test results of resistance to permanent deformations of asphalt mixes for bridge pavement. The study compares the rutting resistance for mixture use with low air void content. This specific kind of mixtures are dedicated to pavements on bridge deck. In this study, the resistance to permanent deformations was tested depending on the content of grit structure and air void content. Laboratory test results were compared for stone mastic asphalt and asphalt concrete, characterized by low air void content. Resistance to permanent deformations was assessed using the cyclic uniaxial compression (dynamic load creep) method. On the basis of analysis of the test results, it was shown that resistance of asphalt mixes to permanent deformations depends most of all on the type of mix designed and the air void content.
Constraint evaluation and effects on selected fracture parameters for single-edge notched beam under four-point bending
Authors: Graba Marcin
Published: March 2022

This article presents the results of analytical and numerical research focused on the numerical determination of selected fracture mechanics parameters for beams containing a crack in the state of four-point bending with the dominance of a plane strain state. Based on the numerical results, the influence of the specimen geometry and material characteristic on selected fracture parameters is discussed. By analogy to the already known solutions, new hybrid formulas were presented, which allow to estimate the J integral, crack tip opening displacement, and load line displacement. In addition, the study verified the Shih formula connecting the crack tip opening displacement and J integral, taking into account the influence of in-plane constraints on the value of the proportionality coefficient denoted as d

n
in the analysis. This article also presents the development of Landes and Begley’s idea, which allows to experimentally determine the J integral as a measure of the energy causing the crack growth. The innovative element is taking into account the influence of in-plane constraints on the value of the η coefficient, which is the proportionality coefficient between the J integral and energy A. The last sections of this article are the assessment of the stress distribution in front of the crack tip and the selected measures of in- and out-of-plane constraints, which can be successfully used in the estimation of the real fracture toughness with the use of appropriate fracture criteria.
ANN-based model to predict groundwater salinity: A case study of West Najaf–Kerbala region
Authors: Al-Waeli Luay Kadhim , Sahib Jumana Hadi , Abbas Hiba Ali
Published: March 2022

Estimating groundwater salinity is important for the use of groundwater resources for irrigation purposes and provides a suitable guide for the management of groundwater. In this study, the artificial neural networks (ANNs) were adopted to estimate the salinity of groundwater identified by total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and sodium (Na+) percent, using electrical conductivity, magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), potassium (K+), and potential of hydrogen (pH) as input elements. Samples of groundwater were brought from 51 wells situated in the plateau of Najaf–Kerbala provinces. The network structure was designed as 6-4-3 and adopted the default scaled conjugate gradient algorithm for training using SPSS V24 software. It was observed that the proposed model with four neurons was exact in estimating the irrigation salinity. It has shown a suitable agreement between experimental and ANN values of irrigation salinity indices for training and testing datasets based on statistical indicators of the relative mean error and determination coefficient R
2 between ANN outputs and experimental data. TDS, SAR, and Na percent predicted output tracked the measured data with an R
2 of 0.96, 0.97, and 0.96 with relative error of 0.038, 0.014, and 0.021, respectively, for testing, and R
2 of 0.95, 0.96, and 0.96 with relative error of 0.053, 0.065, and 0.133, respectively, for training. This is an indication that the designed network was satisfactory. The model could be utilized for new data to predict the groundwater salinity for irrigation purposes at the Najaf–Kerbala plateau in Iraq.
Rheological characterisation of gruels made from some bio-based ingredients commonly used in food products
Authors: Maka Cybèle Taga , Jiokap Nono Yvette
Published: March 2022

The present study was aimed to determine the impact of processing (dehulling or germination) on the structure and rheological behaviour of gruels made from sorghum, soybean and sesame. A rotational viscometer was used to determine the rheological parameters of gruels from these materials. Compared to each raw material, the processing presented a significant effect on the viscosity of the gruels. The power law model was better described the rheological behaviour of the gruels. All gruels were time-dependent fluids, except for germinated sorghum-based gruels. Most of them were thixotropic shear-thinning fluids, only germinated sorghum-based gruels are non-thixotropic shear-thinning fluids and those from dehulled soybean exhibited anti-thixotropic behaviour. The apparent viscosity of gruels decreased with temperature, fitting an Arrhenius relationship, with the activation energy ranging from 5973 to 27,674 J/mol. The rheological behaviour of these foods will helps to understand the behaviour of any products based on their mixture.
Benefits of metformin add-on insulin therapy (MAIT) for HbA1c and lipid profile in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: preliminary report from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sheikhy Ali , Eydian Zahra , Fallahzadeh Aida , Shakiba Marjan , Hajipour Mahmoud , Alaei Mohammadreza , Mosallanejad Asieh , Saneifard Hedyeh
Published: March 2022

Objectives

Metabolic control during puberty is impaired in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) patients due to increased insulin resistance. Metformin is one of the oral medications typically used in type 2 diabetes mellitus to reduce insulin resistance. We aimed to examine the effect of metformin on glycemic indices and insulin daily dosage in adolescents with T1DM.

Methods

The present clinical trial was carried out on 50 adolescents aged 10–20 years with T1DM referred to the Endocrinology Clinic of Mofid Children’s Hospital in Tehran for nine months. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the first group, metformin was added to insulin therapy, while the second group continued routine insulin therapy combined with placebo. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, BMI, insulin dosage, and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study and repeated every three months. Serum lipid profile, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and liver enzymes were also measured twice: At the beginning and end of the study (after nine months).

Results

The HbA1c level (p<0.001) and insulin dosage (p=0.04) were lower in the metformin group than in the placebo group after nine months. Daily insulin dosage variability was significantly lower in the metformin recipient group (p=0.041). Serum triglyceride, cholesterol, and creatinine were significantly lower in the metformin arm than in the placebo arm (p<0.05). However, metformin did not affect LDL, HDL, liver enzymes, and BUN.

Conclusions

Adjunctive metformin therapy reduces insulin dosage by inhibiting insulin resistance and weight gain. It helps decrease daily insulin dosage variability, which may prevent hypoglycemia. Also, metformin reduces creatinine, preventing renal failure in the long term.
Factors Affecting Dynamic Strategic Alignment in a Changing Environment: A Case Study of a Chinese SOE
Authors: Li Xuguang , Wang Zefeng , Lu Yingying
Published: March 2022

Environmental factors significantly affect the dynamic strategic alignment of information systems (IS) in coping with a rapidly changing environment, especially for state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in emerging economies. By examining the case study of a medium-sized Chinese state-owned real estate company, this research aims to investigate what environmental factors affect SOEs’ strategic alignment. The thematic analysis method was used to analyse semi-structured interviews with staffs at all levels of the organisation and relevant strategy documents. The research develops a holistic model to illustrate the influencing factors from SOEs’ internal (i.e., organisational structure, culture and resources) and external environments (i.e., politics, economy, technology and national culture) while highlighting the overall influences from the nature of SOEs. It identifies that organisational resources, whose easy access is enabled by SOEs’ state-owned character, significantly reduce the need for strategic alignment to gain competitive advantage in the short term. In addition, SOEs’ inherent attributes of organisational structure and culture impede the social and structural integration between business and IT. Managerial implications are suggested with a particular emphasis on internal factors, such as developing IS/IT from organisational resources and cultivating the perception of the importance of IS. The paper also points to the importance of implementing government authorities’ policies and instructions about IS strategy.
Crystal structure of (E)-1-(2–nitrophenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one, C15H11NO3
Authors: Maluleka Marole M , Mphahlele Malose J
Published: March 2022

C15H11NO3, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.4092(2) Å, b = 23.9605(8) Å, c = 9.4887(3) Å, β = 96.080(1)°, V = 1222.89(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0358, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0888, T = 173(2) K.
The Love Letters: ethnopoetics and echoes of the past in a Danish spoken narrative of personal experience
Authors: Perregaard Bettina
Published: March 2022

In developing ethnopoetics as an approach to the interpretation and analysis of oral performance, Dell Hymes controversially insisted that spoken narratives should be heard and read as poetry rather than prose. Although ethnopoetics is cross-culturally intended, only a few studies in a limited number of languages have so far been conducted. This article provides an analysis of a Danish spoken narrative of personal experience that supports Hymes’s contention that narratives are patterned in lines, that verses constitute the units that organize lines, that relations among verses are measured, and that parallelism is a pervasive feature of everyday storytelling. Verse analysis is unique in demonstrating the expressive force, poetic sophistication, psychological complexity, and aesthetic quality of spoken narrative. The article discusses the methodological implications of moving between text and performance, a static object and a dynamic body, the spatial distribution of written symbols and the temporal organization of orally expressed language.
Formation of the Mouse Internal Capsule and Cerebral Peduncle: A Pioneering Role for Striatonigral Axons as Revealed inIsl1Conditional Mutants
Authors: Ehrman Jacqueline M. , Merchan-Sala Paloma , Ehrman Lisa A. , Chen Bin , Lim Hee-Woong , Waclaw Ronald R. , Campbell Kenneth
Published: March 2022

The projection neurons of the striatum, the principal nucleus of the basal ganglia, belong to one of the following two major pathways: the striatopallidal (indirect) pathway or the striatonigral (direct) pathway. Striatonigral axons project long distances and encounter ascending tracts (thalamocortical) while coursing alongside descending tracts (corticofugal) as they extend through the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle. These observations suggest that striatal circuitry may help to guide their trajectories. To investigate the developmental contributions of striatonigral axons to internal capsule formation, we have made use ofSox8-EGFP(striatal direct pathway) andFezf2-TdTomato(corticofugal pathway) BAC transgenic reporter mice in combination with immunohistochemical markers to trace these axonal pathways throughout development. We show that striatonigral axons pioneer the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle and are temporally and spatially well positioned to provide guidance for corticofugal and thalamocortical axons. UsingIsl1conditional knock-out (cKO) mice, which exhibit disrupted striatonigral axon outgrowth, we observe both corticofugal and thalamocortical axon defects with either ventral forebrain- or telencephalon-specificIsl1inactivation, despite Isl1 not being expressed in either cortical or thalamic projection neurons. Striatonigral axon defects can thus disrupt internal capsule formation. Our genome-wide transcriptomic analysis inIsl1cKOs reveals changes in gene expression relevant to cell adhesion, growth cone dynamics, and extracellular matrix composition, suggesting potential mechanisms by which the striatonigral pathway exerts this guidance role. Together, our data support a novel pioneering role for the striatal direct pathway in the correct assembly of the ascending and descending axon tracts within the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei with established roles in the coordination of voluntary motor programs, aspects of cognition, and the selection of appropriate social behaviors. Hence, disruptions in basal ganglia connectivity have been implicated in the motor, cognitive, and social dysfunction characterizing common neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and tic disorder. Here, we identified a novel role for the striatonigral (direct) pathway in pioneering the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle, and in guiding axons extending to and from the cortex. Our findings suggest that the abnormal development of basal ganglia circuits can drive secondary internal capsule defects and thereby may contribute to the pathology of these disorders.
Investigación e Innovación en la Consolidación de una Disciplina Educativa
Authors: Castro Paola , Gómez Pedro , Carranza Sileni-Marcela
Published: March 2022

Caracterizamos una disciplina educativa en términos de tres formas de difusión de conocimiento: ensayos, investigaciones e innovaciones. Analizamos el contenido de 3214 documentos de acceso abierto, publicados por la comunidad colombiana de Educación Matemática entre 1996 y 2016. Establecemos el modelo que mejor se ajusta al comportamiento de la cantidad de documentos de investigación, ensayo e innovación publicados en el tiempo y analizamos la evolución diacrónica de la proporción de cada tipo de documento. Determinamos si, desde la diversidad de su documentación, la disciplina se consolida como tal. Encontramos que esta disciplina, en el caso colombiano, se ha consolidado en términos de la evolución en el tiempo de su producción documental. Las características de esta evolución nos permiten conjeturar que la consolidación de una disciplina educativa implica cuatro cuestiones: el crecimiento exponencial en el tiempo de la producción documental de investigación y de innovación; el aumento de la proporción de documentos de investigación; la disminución de la proporción de ensayos; y el comportamiento constante de la proporción de innovaciones. Estas cuestiones ponen de manifiesto que, en la consolidación de una disciplina que surge desde y para la práctica, se establece una relación permanente entre la investigación y la innovación.
Unionsrecht und Unionsgerichtshof in der Rechtsprechung des Kartellsenats des Bundesgerichtshofs
Authors: Meier-Beck Peter
Published: March 2022

Kartellrecht in Deutschland ist heute weitgehend Anwendung des Wettbewerbsrechts der Europäischen Union, und wo es dies nicht ist, ist es zumindest weitgehend Anwendung nationalen, durch das Unionsrecht geprägten und beeinflussten Rechts. Natürlich gibt es Ausnahmen und gibt es Bereiche, in denen das deutsche Recht einen eigenen oder jedenfalls modifizierten Weg geht und gehen darf, im materiellen Recht wie auch insbesondere im Verfahrensrecht, das weit stärker eine nationale Domäne geblieben ist als das materielle Recht; davon soll hier nicht gehandelt werden. Der grundsätzliche Befund scheint jedenfalls unbezweifelbar. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, was dies für die Aufgaben und das Selbstverständnis eines obersten Gerichtshofs eines Mitgliedstaats der Europäischen Union bedeutet, dessen überkommene Funktion die Leitung und Lenkung der Rechtsentwicklung für das Recht dieses Mitgliedstaats ist. Insbesondere versucht er zu bestimmen, wie in diesem Kontext die Verpflichtung zu einem Vorabentscheidungsersuchen an den Gerichtshof der Europäischen Union so gehandhabt werden kann, dass Unionsgerichtshof wie Bundesgerichtshof ihrer jeweiligen Aufgabe bestmöglich nachkommen können und das Unionsrecht unter voller Wahrung der Prärogative des Unionsgerichtshofs im Dialog ausgelegt und weiterentwickelt werden kann.
Die Entwicklung der Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichtshofs zum Kartellbußgeldrecht
Authors: Thomas Stefan
Published: March 2022

Der Beitrag würdigt die jüngere Rechtsprechung des Kartellsenats in Bußgeldsachen. Er konzentriert sich auf Judikate zum Unternehmensbegriff und zum Tatbestand der horizontalen Wettbewerbsbeschränkung. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass dem Kartellsenat der Ausgleich zwischen tragenden Vorgaben des deutschen Wirtschafts- und Verfassungsrechts einerseits und den Prinzipien des EU-Kartellrechts andererseits gelingt. Weiters wird deutlich, dass der Kartellsenat einen Beitrag zur Systembildung im Kartellrecht leistet, was die Begründungstransparenz erhöht. Die Untersuchung weist zugleich auf neue Fragen hin, die der Klärung durch den Kartellsenat noch harren.
Die Entwicklung der Rechtsprechung des Bundesgerichtshofs zum Kartellschadensersatzrecht
Authors: Bach Albrecht
Published: March 2022

Der Kartellsenat des BGH hat dem Recht des Kartellschadensersatzes mit seiner Rechtsprechung seit Grauzementkartell II in kurzer Zeit Konturen verschafft. Der Beitrag analysiert diese Entwicklung anhand von fünf Thesen in fünf ausgewählten Themenfeldern. Dabei steht eine kritische Würdigung im Vordergrund. Insgesamt zeigt sich ein lösungsorientiertes, teilweise recht pragmatisches Vorgehen. Im Vordergrund stehen Lösungsansätze des deutschen Schadensersatzrechts, um deren unionsrechtlicher Absicherung der Kartellsenat ebenso bemüht ist wie um die Berücksichtigung ökonomischer Voraussetzungen. Kartellschadensersatz wird dabei nicht auf eine Kompensationsfunktion reduziert, ihm kommt vielmehr eine wichtige Präventivfunktion zu.
Zum Umgang mit ökonomischer Unsicherheit bei der Schätzung von Kartellschäden: Eckpfeiler eines kartellschadensersatzspezifischen Beweisrechts
Authors: Schweitzer Heike , Woeste Kai
Published: March 2022

Bei der Ermittlung des Kartellschadens sind die Parteien und Gerichte mit erheblicher ökonomischer Unsicherheit konfrontiert. Der Umgang mit dieser Unsicherheit entscheidet darüber, ob und in welchem Maße sich die Ziele des Kartellschadensersatzrechts erreichen lassen. Der Beitrag zeigt vor diesem Hintergrund die Notwendigkeit auf, die Grundsätze des deutschen Beweisrechts im Lichte der besonderen Ziele des Kartellschadensersatzrechts kartellrechtsspezifisch auszuformen. Auf Grundlage der höchstrichterlichen Rechtsprechung unterbreiten wir einen Vorschlag für die Bewältigung der bislang größten Herausforderung in Kartellschadensersatzprozessen: Die Schätzung der Höhe des kartellbedingten Preisaufschlags.
Kartellschadensermittlung im Spannungsfeld zwischen Präzision und Effizienz: Prinzipielle Anforderungen aus ökonomischer Perspektive und praktische Handlungsoptionen
Authors: Haucap Justus , Heimeshoff Ulrich
Published: March 2022

Kartellschadensersatzverfahren sind regelmäßig mit ökonomischen Gutachten beider Parteien verbunden. Typischerweise weichen diese Gutachten in ihren Ergebnissen deutlich voneinander ab. Während die Gutachten der beklagten Parteien fast immer zu dem Ergebnis kommen, dass kein Schaden entstanden sei, enthalten die Gutachten der Kläger immer das Ergebnis, dass sehr wohl ein – meist ganz erheblicher – Schaden entstanden sei. Für das Gericht ergibt sich – gerade nach den Urteilen des Bundesgerichtshofs in Schienenkartell II und LKW-Kartell II – die Notwendigkeit, diese ökonomischen Gutachten umfassend zu würdigen. Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet dazu Hilfestellung an und greift die wichtigsten Probleme bei der Wahl geeigneter Ansätze zur Schadensermittlung auf, welche bei der Würdigung ökonomischer Schadensgutachten einbezogen werden sollten. Darüber hinaus befassen wir uns mit Möglichkeiten zur Ersteinschätzung der Schäden in bestimmten Kartellfällen und diskutieren den Nutzen von Schadensvermutungen zur Beurteilung des Einzelfalls. In diesem Kontext diskutieren wir zum einen die Arbeit von Gerichtsgutachtern. Zum anderen entwickeln wir einen eigenen Vorschlag zur Erstellung von Ersteinschätzungen zur Höhe kartellbedingter Schäden als Hilfestellung für die Gerichte inklusive der institutionellen Ausgestaltung eines solchen Ansatzes.
Heilung zivilrechtlich unwirksamer Vollzugsrechtsgeschäfte bei nachträglichem Entfall der Fusionskontrollpflicht des Zusammenschlusses
Authors: Hauser Patrick
Published: March 2022

Fusionskontrollpflichtige Zusammenschlüsse dürfen vor Freigabe durch das Bundeskartellamt grundsätzlich nicht vollzogen werden. § 41 Abs. 1 Satz 2 GWB sichert dieses Vollzugsverbot zivilrechtlich ab und ordnet die Unwirksamkeit von Rechtsgeschäften an, die gegen dieses Verbot verstoßen. Derartige Rechtsgeschäfte sind nicht nichtig, sondern (nur) schwebend unwirksam. Nach herrschender Auffassung ist der Heilungstatbestand in § 41 Abs. 1 Satz 3 Nr. 3 GWB abschließend. Richtigerweise besteht aber eine ungeschriebene Heilungsmöglichkeit mit Wirkung ex nunc, wenn der Zusammenschluss im Nachhinein aus dem Anwendungsbereich der §§ 35 ff. GWB herausfällt, wie der nachfolgende Beitrag darlegt.
THE CONCEPT OF THE SHORT NOVEL (‘POVEST’) GENRE IN ANDREY PLATONOV’S CREATIVE WORK IN THE 1920S
Authors: Zavarkina Marina
Published: March 2022

Based on the material of the short novels (povest’) “The Ethereal Tract,” “Epiphany Locks,” “The City of Gradov,” “The Innermost Man,” “Yamskaya Sloboda,” the article presents the concept of the short novel (‘povest’) genre in the 1920s works by A. Platonov. The structural possibilities of this traditional genre of Russian literature allowed the writer to reflect the contemporary reality with all its tragic contradictions. The genre of the short novel (‘povest’) will have reached its peak by the 1930s, when the writer’s principal works were written (“The Pit,” “For the Future,” “Juvenile Sea,” “Bread and Reading,” “Jan”). Many of the techniques that the writer used in the short novels (‘povest’) of the 1920s were embodied in the works of Platonov later on. The article briefly presents the history of the study of the genre of the short novel (‘povest’) in Russian criticism and in modern research. Special attention is paid to the genre-forming factors and genre features of Platonov's short novel (‘povest’), among which one can distinguish: ideological and philosophical content (“volume of content”), type of narrative, plot-compositional structure, the concept of artistic time and space, the genre concept of man, the poetics of the finale. The authors refute the opinion of researchers, which states that Platonov's short novels (‘povest’) can be described in the language of a short story or a novella and that, in general, his short novels (‘povest’) can be called novelistic. The parabolic plot of the “departure-return”, the epic distance, the type of narration, as well as the genre concept of a person (“a person is a plot”) do not allow Platonov's short novel (‘povest’) to be reduced to a novella or grow into a novel. Platonov's short novel (‘povest’) has its own artistic concept, which is rooted in the traditional Russian short novel (‘povest’) genre, which is the “heir” of the Old Russian genre tradition, rather than the European novel. The short novel (‘povest’) of A. Platonov answered the demands of the time, and testified to the writer's understanding of its structural and substantive capabilities.
THE IMAGE OF CHILDHOOD IN THE SHORT STORIES BY FYODOR SOLOGUB
Authors: Klypina Irina
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the features of the artistic embodiment of the image of childhood in the short stories by Fedor Sologub, a Russian writer of the late XIX — early XX century. In his works, the author turned to the theme of the tragedy of human earthly existence and the image of a suffering child. The theme of childhood in Sologub’s creative quest is integrated in the context of the leading artistic and aesthetic trends, trends, styles of the turn-of-the-century period – symbolism, naturalism, decadence. In his short stories, which address children's images and destinies, Fyodor Sologub assigns a dominant role to symbols. The writer’s works about childhood contain numerous symbolic images that acquire unexpected forms and semantic content. The author delves into the world of children's consciousness, which is turned towards transcendental, supersensible knowledge. In this regard, Sologub’s short stories are saturated with images of death and motifs of a child’s altered consciousness. The essential features of Fyodor Sologub’s ideas of childhood are determined by the specifics of his philosophical beliefs. The writer’s creative path and his worldview are inextricably linked with the philosophical views of Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche. The author’s desire to embody the cult of beauty, death and madness in his works of fiction about children was the result of his fascination with the ideas of German philosophers. The theme of the child hero’s departure from the hardships of earthly reality into the world of dreams, art, beauty, madness, death was prioritized in the writer’s work. The saturation of texts with landscape and color images, which are often juxtaposed, contrasted, was an important setting of the artistic world of Sologub’s short stories about childhood. Color symbolism is extremely significant in the works of the writer, revealing the theme of childhood. The ambiguity and semantic saturation of color imagery endows the short stories about childhood with uniqueness and individuality. The principle of duality, the idea of the supra-world nature of the child-hero, the borderline of his inner worldview was expressed in the writer's prose devoted to the theme of childhood. The image of a child appearing in the short stories fully reflects the author’s belief in the mystery, uniqueness, and incomprehensibility of the inner world of a little person. The writer felt close to the theme of suffering and humiliation of a child, which first emerged and was fully shaped in the Russian literature of the XIX century.
THE CONCEPT OF SIN IN “SINS”, A SHORT NOVEL (‘POVEST’) BY I. N. POTAPENKO
Authors: Sedova Olesya
Published: March 2022

The article discusses the concept of sin in Sins, a short novel (povest') by I. N. Potapenko in the context of the patristic teaching on sinful passions and virtues. According to the Church Fathers, sin is the cause of all human misfortunes and evil, and the origin of sorrow and death. Exploring the phenomenon of sin, the writer examines various types of human vices, trying to understand the sources of the origin of sin, ways to overcome it and the possibility of salvation in the world. The work is written in the form of an adult’s memories of childhood. Through the prism of children’s perception, the attitudes of different types of people to faith, awareness of their own sinfulness, the desire for repentance and salvation of the soul are revealed. The short story presents the main sinful passions (gluttony, fornication, avarice, anger, sadness, despondency, vanity, pride) and the main sources of sin (human self, egoism, pride). The work has an edifying character. The tragic fate of some characters is a clear example of the destructive effect of sins. There is a clear link between a vicious life and incurable diseases, death without repentance, suicide. Through preaching the gospel truths, I. N. Potapenko tried to convey the idea that despite the ubiquity of sin, it is possible to be saved in the world. This requires faith in God, repentance, humility, following the commandments, and leading a virtuous Christian life.
Andrew Marvell and John Barclay's Satyricon
Authors: von Maltzahn Nicholas
Published: March 2022

An unidentified Latin verse quotation in Mr. Smirke proves to derive from John Barclay’s Satyricon (1607).  This discovery resolves what had seemed a textual crux in the standard edition of Mr. Smirke.  It also invites review of how Marvell deploys this material for his present purpose, what confessional considerations arise from the Catholic Barclay’s contribution, and whether Barclay’s example as a Menippean satirist informs Marvell’s successes in this kind.
PLOS ONE v1
Authors: Guzek Anna
Published: March 2022

Analysis of auditory deficits of 1,012 children aged 6 to 9 confirmed the adequacy of use ofthe APD testing in 6-year-old children
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Authors: not provided newssupplement
Published: March 2022

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Analytical Synthesis of Quasi-Optimal Regulators for Linear Objects Based on Conditionally Adequate Low-Order Models. Part 2
Authors: Lovchakov V. I.
Published: March 2022

For linear high-order plants (n l 4), analytical (exact) control algorithms in the form of feedback that are optimal in terms of the rapid response criterion are practically unknown, and for them the problem of synthesizing approximately rapid response control laws remains relevant. In this part of the work, an approach to the synthesis of rapid response highorder systems is developed, proposed in its first part, using the idea of transforming the original rapid response problem to a similar problem of controlling objects described by models of the first or second order, for which the optimal control algorithms in terms of rapid response are known. These algorithms underlie the investigated approach to the synthesis of rapid response control systems, which involves finding special functions that describe the relationship between the phase coordinates of models of a low-order object (by analogy with the works of A. A. Kolesnikov, they are called aggregated or macro-variables) with the phase coordinates of the original high-order object as well as the calculation of the parameters of the low-order models used, which in a certain sense ensure their adequacy to the original object and, accordingly, the rapid response of the synthesized systems. In this part of the work, in contrast to its first part, the synthesis uses two models of an object, not of the first, but of the second order, which are characterized by conditional and approximate adequacy in relation to the original model of a high-order object. In the case of conditional adequacy, the parameters of the low-order model are found exactly using the eigenvalues and vectors of the original object, and with approximate adequacy, using the least squares method. On the basis of these two second-order models, two methods for the synthesis of quasi-optimal controllers are developed, which differ in the use of nonlinear feedbacks that provide an increased rapid response of the designed control system that is sufficiently close to the limiting values. In particular, by the example of modeling, it is shown that Accordingly, the main content of the work is devoted to the results of a comparative analysis of the properties of these rapid response controllers, as well as the analysis of the features and conditions of applicability of the proposed synthesis methods
Algorithm for Identifi cation of Parameters Sinusoidal Signal with the Exponentially Damping Amplitude
Authors: Tung Nguyen Khac , Vlasov S. M. , Pyrkin A. A.
Published: March 2022

The paper proposes a new method for estimating the parameters of an unbiased sinusoidal signal with the exponentially damping amplitude: frequency, damping coefficient. A sinusoidal signal with exponentially damping amplitude is an important class that can be observed in a wide range of natural phenomena, such as the propagation of acoustic waves, and can also characterize the behavior of artificial systems, arising, for example, as a result of complex interactions between the components of power systems, therefore the task of estimating parameters is sinusoidal. signal with exponentially decaying amplitude is relevant at the present time. It is assumed that the phase, frequency, damping factor and amplitude of a sinusoidal signal with exponentially decaying amplitude are unknown functions of time. In the present work, a new method is proposed for parameterizing a sinusoidal signal with exponentially decaying amplitude. First, a sinusoidal signal with exponentially decaying amplitude is presented as the output of a linear generator, the parameters of the decaying sinusoidal signal (amplitude, phase, damping factor and frequency) are unknown. Then the Jordan form of the matrix and the delay are applied to transform the measured signal, then a linear regression model is obtained, which depends on the frequency and the attenuation coefficient. At the last stage, unknown parameters (frequency, attenuation coefficient) are calculated from the obtained linear regression model. Numerical modeling demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Technology for the NOISE Control of Oil Wells by Wattmeter Card of the Electric Motor of Sucker Rod Pumping Units
Authors: Aliyev T. A. , Guluyev G. A. , Rzayev As. H. , Pashyev F. H. , Rzayeva N. E.
Published: March 2022

The possibility of using measuring information on the power consumption (watt-metrogram) by the electric motor of a sucker rod pumping unit for diagnosing the technical condition of oil well equipment is considered. It is shown that one of the possible ways in this case can be the application of Noise technology to the processing of wattmetrogram signals.A technology is proposed for forming a set of combinations of reference and current informative attributes from the estimates of the normalized correlation functions of the useful signal of a wattmeter card; it is shown that they are equivalent to informative attributes of a dynamometer card received from a force transducer installed on the hanger of a sucker rod pumping unit. It is also shown that they equally reflect the technical condition of the well, due to which the informative attribute of the wattmeter card can be used to solve the problems of control, identification and management the oil production process with a sucker rod pumping unit. Variants of decreasing the error in the results of correlation analysis of the watt-metrogram and a variant of using the normalized correlation functions of the useful signal of the watt-metrogram for solving problems of identifying the technical state of the equipment of sucker rod pumping stations are proposed. To increase the effectiveness of monitoring systems, it is proposed to duplicate the system diagnostic function using the spectral technology for the control of the onset and dynamics of development of faults. The features of implementation in the fields are given. Possible options for using the normalized correlation functions of the useful signal of the wattmetrogram for solving the problems of identifying the technical state of wells during its operation are considered. A simplified structural diagram of the remote monitoring and control system of the sucker rod pumping unit based on the wattmetrogram signals, which has been introduced at the wells of the oil production department "Bibiheybatneft" in Azerbaijan, is presented. It is shown that the algorithms and technologies for analyzing the interference of wattmetrograms proposed in the work, in principle, can be widely used in many areas of the economy where electric motors are used.
Analysis of a Cart-Inverted Pendulum System with Harmonic Disturbances Based on its Criterion Matrix
Authors: Long Hoang Duc , Dudarenko N. A.
Published: March 2022

The control of an inverted pendulum is a classical benchmark control problem. Its dynamics resemble that of many real-world systems of interest like pendulous, missile launchers, segways, and many more. The control of this system is challenging as it is a highly unstable, highly non-linear, non-minimum phase system, and underactuated. Furthermore, the physical constraints on the track position also pose complexity in its control design. A great deal of nonlinearity is present inherently and as well as affected by the surrounding external disturbances. The paper presents an approach for analysis of a cart-inverted pendulum system with harmonic disturbances. The approach is based on the index of the criterion matrix of the system named a degeneration factor. The degeneration factor is constructed with the singular values of the criterion matrix of the system and allows us to find frequency range, where the system operates as a whole. A linear-quadratic regulator is used to control the cart-inverted pendulum system. The results are supported with an example.
Measuring Devices of Non-Invasive Form for the Study of the Psychophysiological State of the Driver of Motor Vehicles
Authors: Abishev K. K. , Kasenov A. Zh. , Baltabekova A. N.
Published: March 2022

The necessity of psychophysiological selection of a motor vehicle driver is substantiated. Among the types of professional selection, psychophysiological selection has a special place due to the fact that psychophysiological studies make it possible to quickly and objectively measure a large number of psychophysiological properties. Psychophysiological characteristics of a person can be a quantitative measure of professionally important qualities, and have a sufficiently high prognostic value for occupations related to "man—machine" systems. The necessity of using non-invasive measuring devices to determine the degree of reliability of a motor vehicle driver is justified. Analysis of the statistics of road accidents gives reason to believe that the biggest number of accidents is observed on road sections where the drivers experience biggest tense anxiety and mental stress. This confirms that the reliability of the driver’s work is consistent with one of the main laws of psychophysiology: the outcome of the work correlates with mental stress. According to this pattern, there is optimal level of emotional tension of a person, at which he or she performs the work with the greatest efficiency. Exceeding this optimal level, as well as reducing it, is accompanied by deterioration in performance. In psychophysiological studies, the assessment criteria of the impact of various road conditions on the driver are the values of psychophysiological indicators corresponding to the optimal level of emotional stress. Based on this, one can determine the degree of reliability of the driver’s actions. When conducting an experiment to determine the psychophysiological characteristics of the driver, the use of non-invasive measuring devices makes it possible to assess the degree of reliability of the driver. The review of measuring devices for psychophysiological measurements of noninvasive form is given. The article also describes the most popular measuring methods, such as electroencephalography, electrocardiography, electromyography, eye tracking. The principle of operation of each non-invasive measuring methods is considered in detail, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are described. It is proposed to synchronize the measuring devices and use them comprehensively regarding the functional power of universal computing tools for a more accurate assessment of the psychophysiological condition of the driver of the vehicle.
The Negative Binomial-New Generalized Lindley Distribution for Count Data: Properties and Application
Authors: Aryuyuen Sirinapa
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a new mixture distribution for count data, namely the negative binomial-new generalized Lindley (NB-NGL) distribution is proposed. The NB-NGL distribution has four parameters, and is a flexible alternative for analyzing count data, especially when there is over-dispersion in the data. The proposed distribution has sub-models such as the negative binomial-Lindley (NB-L), negative binomial-gamma (NB-G), and negative binomial-exponential (NB-E) distributions as the special cases. Some properties of the proposed distribution are derived, i.e., the moments and order statistics density function. The unknown parameters of the NB-NGL distribution are estimated by using the maximum likelihood estimation. The results of the simulation study show that the maximum likelihood estimators give the parameter estimates close to the parameter when the sample is large. Application of NB-NGL distribution is carry out on three samples of medical data, industry data, and insurance data. Based on the results, it is shown that the proposed distribution provides a better fit compared to the Poisson, negative binomial, and its sub-model for count data.
Marshall-Olkin Zubair-G Family of Distributions
Authors: Nasiru Suleman , Abubakari Abdul Ganiyyu
Published: March 2022

A new class of distributions called Marshall-Olkin Zubair-G family is proposed in this study. Some statistical properties of the family are derived and two special distributions namely, Marshall-Olkin Zubair Nadarajah-Haghighi and Marshall-Olkin Zubair Weibull distributions are developed. The plots of the density and hazard rate functions of the special distributions exhibit different shapes for chosen parameter values, making them good candidates for modeling different types of datasets. A real life application using the Marshall-Olkin Zubair Nadarajah-Haghighi distribution revealed that it performs better than other existing extensions of the Nadarajah-Haghighi distribution for the given dataset.
A novel four-parameter log-logistic model: mathematical properties and applications to breaking stress, survival times and leukemia data
Authors: Shehata Wahid , Abdullah Murtadha Mansour , Refaie Mohamed K. A.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce a new continuous log-logistic extension. Several of its properties are established. A numerical analysis for skewness and kurtosis is presented. The new failure rate can be "bathtub or U shaped", "increasing", "decreasing-constant", "J shaped", "constant" and "decreasing". Many bivariate and Multivariate type distributions are derived using the Clayton Copula and the Morgenstern family. To assess of the finite sample behavior of the estimators, we performed a graphical simulation. Some useful applications are considered for supporting the new model.
A Two Parameter Ratio-Product-Ratio Estimator in Post Stratification
Authors: Housila Prasad Singh  , Nigam Pragati
Published: March 2022

In this paper we consider a two parameter ratio-product-ratio estimator for estimating population mean in case of post stratification following the estimator due to Chami et al (2012). The bias and mean squared error of proposed estimator are obtained to the first degree of approximation. We derive conditions under which the proposed estimator has smaller mean squared error than the sample mean , ratio estimator and product estimators . Empirical studies gives insight on the magnitude of the efficiency of the estimator developed.
The Beta Power Muth Distribution: Regression Modeling, Properties and Data Analysis
Authors: Benkhelifa Lazhar
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we propose a new flexible lifetime distribution. The proposed distribution will be referred to as beta power Muth distribution. It can be used to model increasing, decreasing, bathtub shaped or upside-down bathtub hazard rates. Some properties of the new model are obtained including moments, quantile function and moments of the order statistics. The unknown model parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method of estimation. A Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out to assess the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates. Two reliability data sets are applied to illustrate the usefulness and flexibility of the proposed model. In addition, we introduce a new location-scale regression model based on the logarithm of the proposed distribution and provide a real data application.