bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENTINGNYA PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Sahriana Nanang
Published: December 2019

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangatlah maju. Dengan demikian teknologi juga sangat mempengaruhi perkembangan anak usia dini. Saat ini siapa yang tidak mengenal gadget? Gadget merupakan perangkat elektronik kecil yang memiliki fungsi khusus. Banyak sekali fungsi, manfaat, dan dampak yang terjadi akibat gadget. Fungsi pengetahuan, media sosial, hiburan, game dan masih banyak lagi yang lainnya yang di dapat dari gadget. Perkembangan ini menghadirkan dampak baru bagi generasi muda khususnya bagi anak usia dini. Gadget sangat mudah sekali menarik perhatian dan minat anak dan sudah menjadi hal yang biasa jika anak-anak saja sudah memakai gadget dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Gadget memiliki dampak positif dan negatif, untuk itu peran orang tua sangat penting dalam perkembangan teknologi yang sangat maju di zaman sekarang ini.. Kata kunci: Peran Orang Tua, Teknologi, Gadget, Anak Usia Dini.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MELALUI KEGIATAN MENGKLASIFIKASI BENDA DALAM TIGA KATEGORI (BENTUK, WARNA DAN UKURAN) DI KELOMPOK B TK NEGERI LALOWARU
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Amry Intan Wardany Ranat , Salim Salim
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan  kognitif  melalui kegiatan  mengklasifikasikan benda dalam tiga kategori di TK Negeri Lalowaru Kecamatan Moramo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan anak Kelompok B TK Negeri Lalowaru Kecamatan Moramo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan yang berjumlah 15 orang anak laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil tentang kemampuan kognitif anak melalui kegiatan pengelompokkan benda menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan pada hasil observasi awal diperoleh persentase 27%, pada siklus I diperoleh persentase 53%, dan pada siklus II di peroleh persentase ketuntasan 87%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif anak di Kelompok B TK Negeri Lalowaru Kecamatan Moramo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan dapat ditingkatkan melalui kegiatan mengklasifikasikan benda dalam tiga kategori (bentuk, warna dan ukuran). Kata kunci: Kemampuan Kognitif, Mengklasifikasikan Benda, Anak
KEGIATAN MEMBUAT KOLASE DENGAN PASIR BERWARNA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN VISUAL SPASIAL ANAK
Authors: Abubakar Sitti Rahmaniar , Asni Asni
Published: December 2019

Memperkaya lingkungan belajar anak berarti memberi peluang kepada anak untuk menyatakan diri, berekspresi, berkreasi, dan menggali sumber-sumber terunggul yang tersembunyi dalam diri anak. Alat bermain tidak harus mahal unsur pendidikanlah yang harus diutamakan. Penyampaian materi pembelajaran dengan pendekatan belajar sambil bermain sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip di Taman Kanak-Kanak akan membantu memperlancar serta mempermudah anak dalam memahami serta mengerti tentang materi yang disampaikan oleh pendidik.Dalam kegiatan bermain, khususnya kegiatan kolase menggunakan pasir berwarna dapat meningkatkan berbagai kecerdasan anak salah satunya adalah kecerdasanvisual-spasialnya. Dalam kegiatan kolase anak dapat mencurahkan serta menuangkan semua ide yang ada dalam pikirannya lewat warna dan gambar/pola dari media yang digunakan (pasir berwarna) dan dapat mengembangkan aspek-aspek perkembangan anak baik kognitif, fisik motorik, bahasa, sosial emosional, maupun aspek seni. Kata kunci: Visual-Spasial, Kegiatan Kolase, Pasir Berwarna
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN MENJAHIT DI KELOMPOK B TK ISLAM KEMARAYA KENDARI
Authors: Ranau Rosnawati , Saranani Safiudin
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan menjahit di Kelompok B TK Islam Kemaraya Kendari. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan anak didik yang berjumlah 14 orang yang terdiri atas 5 orang anak perempuan dan 9 orang anak laki-laki. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan analisis data hasil observasi aktivitas mengajar guru pada siklus I diperoleh  persentase ketercapaian sebesar 68,75%, aktivitas belajar anak didik diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 60%  sedangkan hasil belajar anak berupa peningkatan keterampilan motorik halus melalui kegiatan menjahit sebelum dilakukan tindakan sebesar 35,71% anak memperoleh nilai BSB dan BSH kemudian meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 64,29%. Pada siklus II, persentase ketercapaian aktivitas mengajar guru mengalami peningkatan menjadi 87,5%, persentase ketercapaian aktivitas belajar anak didik juga mengalami peningkatan menjadi 86,67% dan hasil belajar anak berupa peningkatan keterampilan motorik halus melalui kegiatan menjahit  meningkat sebesar 85,71%.Kata kunci: Keterampilan motorik halus, kegiatan menjahit
Mario Valdés. Con Paul Ricoeur: Indagaciones hermeneúticas
Authors: López Torres Danira
Published: December 2019

La compilación que nos ofrece Mario J. Valdés nos da la oportunidad de recorrer con mirada analítica los conceptos básicos de la propuesta hermenéutica de Ricoeur.
Cultura popular y letrada en Vlad, novela neogótica de Carlos Fuentes
Authors: López Torres Danira
Published: December 2019

El presente comentario pretende mostrar el funcionamiento del cronotopo de la novela gótica en “Vlad” (2004), de Carlos Fuentes, y subrayar la función que cumple la incorporación del folklore en el género gótico, al permitir que antiguos relatos cobren vida en el siglo XXI, un espacio-tiempo distinto al original. Lo anterior se logra en esta novela breve mediante la incorporación de tres principales elementos en el relato: el personaje mítico del vampiro, el espacio del castillo y la representación del acto de transmisión y rememoración de esas historias, legendarias y fantasmagóricas, del pasado.
La violencia tiene nombre femenino: Perra brava de Orfa Alarcón. Una mirada a lo abyecto en su escritura
Authors: Bernal Medel Bisherú
Published: December 2019

La violencia generada por el narcotráfico se ha convertido en una realidad inocultable en México, aspecto que ha sido retomado por numerosas plumas en el país. En este artículo se analiza la novela Perra brava de la joven escritora regiomontana Orfa Alarcón. A partir de indagar aspectos como los personajes, los espacios y las voces, se arma la compleja trama que deriva, entre muchos otros elementos, en un peculiar erotismo perverso que raya en la abyección, el cual se convierte a su vez en un elemento clave para comprender la situación de violencia que padece nuestro actual contexto mexicano.
Rodrigo Martínez Baracs y Salvador Rueda Smithers. De la A a la Z. El conocimiento de las lenguas de México
Authors: Acosta Félix Andrés
Published: December 2019

Este libro es resultado de un ciclo de conferencias a nivel de divulgación que se realizó en octubre de 2007 en la Ciudad de México, en el Museo Nacional de Historia, y donde también se llevó a cabo, de manera paralela, la exposición hispanomexicana “Paradigmas de la palabra”. Este evento académico se tituló “La palabra de la A a la Z”. Fue organizado por Salvador Rueda Smithers, director del museo y por Víctor Manuel Ruiz Naufal.
Subjects and effectiveness of tax control
Authors: Alieksieiev Ihor , Paranchuk Stepan , Chervinska Oksana
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the composition of the participants in the monitoring of tax flows and the effectiveness of tax control (control work) in the part of the tax payments. The purpose of the work is to study the effectiveness of tax administration, fees, payments, monitoring of tax and non-tax (financial) flows in the regions of Ukraine by the results of tax control (control and verification measures). The expediency of using the concepts of «tax and non-tax flows» for deepening and possible in the further studies of mathematical description of the trends of changes in the corresponding budget revenues is substantiated. The interaction of control bodies (tax authorities) and taxpayers as subjects of the tax process is generalized. The functions of the controlling bodies (State Fiscal and Customs Service of Ukraine) to ensure the filling of the revenue part of the state and local budgets are considered. The components of monitoring the administration of taxes, fees, payments are investigated. The analysis of tax and non-tax receipts of income (payments) to ensure the formation of state and local budgets is conducted. The data of the main indicators of control work in the oblasts of the western region of Ukraine for 2014-2018 are presented. Important are additional payments to the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine, which are the result of elimination of violations of the tax legislation of Ukraine (underpayment of taxes and other payments, penalties). The study shows the uneven income of this financial (cash) flow. The share of cash accruals in tax revenues of the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine also shows some fluctuations of the tax flows. The article proves that in the Western regions of Ukraine, the number of documentary checks in 2018 decreased by almost 50% compared to 2014, and the amount of additional accrued monetary liabilities in 2018 increased by one third (33.8%). A similar situation is peculiar to Ukrainian economy. This can be seen as an indication of the improvement in the quality of tax activity in these regions.
Ukrainian regions’ budget security in the conditions of public administration decentralization
Authors: Tymchyshyn Yuliya
Published: December 2019

The significance of regions’ budget security as a component of financial self-sufficiency in the conditions of public administration decentralization is revealed. The definition content of «region’s budget security “ is defined from the standpoint of balance of local budgets in terms of revenues and expenditures, risk and threat assessment, sufficiency of financial support for the execution of functions and powers entrusted to local governments. The budgetary security of the region is proven to be a condition that ensures the balance of local budgets in terms of revenues and expenditures in current and strategic dimensions, which allows the local governments to fully fulfill their functions and powers, to neutralize the existing risks, threats and dangers. The author’s approach to rating regions of Ukraine is outlined. It is carried out on the basis of such key indicators as balance of the regional budget in % to GRP, budget’s revenues of the region per capita, budget expenditures per capita, ratio of the amount of received transfers to the sum of budget expenditures of the region in the consolidated state budget, the ratio of tax and non-tax revenues to the local budget, the share of tax revenues in the total budget of the region, the share of official transfers in the total local budget revenues, transfers from the state budget in % to GRP. This allows for determining of the level of budgetary security of territorial entities. The main methodological principles for the rating of regions are defined: the selection and evaluation of absolute indicators, the analysis of relative coefficients, the choice of integral indicators and the formation of rating estimates. The results of the analysis of the budgetary security of the regions revealed significant disparities in the formation of local budgets in terms of revenues and official transfers from the state budget and their significant budgetary differentiation. The uneven amount of transfers in total local budget revenues and the substantial dependence of territorial communities on public funding are emphasized.
Resources provision of woodworking industries in Ukraine: cross-national and inter-regional comparisons
Authors: Ishchuk Svitlana , Sozanskyy Lyubomyr
Published: December 2019

Sufficient supply of woodworking with raw materials while preserving the ecology and rational use of wood is a necessary condition for the functioning of the woodworking industry as one of the key segments of the national economy. The issue is of particular importance given the deepening of world integration processes and the introduction of a moratorium on timber exports from Ukraine. It actualizes the study of the state and dynamics of the formation of raw materials potential of domestic woodworks. The purpose of the article is a structural and dynamic assessment of the economic and environmental aspects of formation of the resource potential of Ukrainian woodworks in comparison with the countries of the European Union, as well as in the regional section by types of wood. In the structure of merchantable wood harvested in Ukraine, fuel wood share increased by 4.3 pp. during 2011-2016, whereas in 2017 it increased by 3.8 pp. compared to 2016 and amounted to 61.4%. Unlike in Ukraine, in the vast majority of EU countries business timber is the basis of the structure of harvested merchantable timber. Thus, in the neighboring countries with similar forest landscape – Poland and the Czech Republic – the share of fuel wood in 2017 was 11.6% and 12.3%, in Slovakia – only 6.3%, and in the EU as a whole – 23. 2%. Hence, the significant deterioration of the structure of the harvested merchantable timber in Ukraine can be interpreted as a threat to environmental, and therefore to national security. On the other hand, the results of the assessments revealed an increase in the volume of commercial timber harvesting in Ukraine (in 18 regions) in 2018, as well as in the level of forest reproduction in the leading regions from the harvesting of merchantable timber (Zhytomyr, Kyiv and Rivne regions) and a decrease in the death rate. The restoration of the logical patterns between the dynamics of the loss of stands and the harvesting of commercial and fuel wood are signs of the beginning of positive tendencies in ensuring the preservation and rationalization of raw potential of domestic woodworks and, at the same time, improving the conditions for deepening the level of wood processing. Further authors’ research in this area will be devoted to the search for effective forms of wood industry development in Ukraine, in particular in the Western region.
Legal framework of border infrastructure development
Authors: Shults Svitlana
Published: December 2019

The paper emphasizes that development of border infrastructure according to standards and requirements of international standards is one of the major tasks of the measures taken to increase transit capacity of border areas. Therefore, the issues of border infrastructure development should be one of the priority tasks of both central and local authorities. Nowadays, although there is a range of regulative, legal and strategic documents developed to support the functioning of border infrastructure, they need improvement oriented on new requirements and European integration course of Ukraine. The paper aims to analyze regulative, legal and program documents to develop border infrastructure, reveal problem and controversial points in them and suggest recommendations regarding their elimination. Special attention is paid to analysis of the range of legal, regulative, strategic and program documents to support the development of border infrastructure. In the first place, they are the documents that regulate the activity in cross-border cooperation, spatial development and territorial planning, transport activity and transport networks functioning as well as regulative acts regarding the activity of state border service and border crossing points, etc. Among the analyzed documents are the Laws of Ukraine “On Cross-Border Cooperation”, “On General Scheme of Planning of the Territory of Ukraine”, “On Regulation of Urban Planning Activity”, “On Automobile Roads”, “On the Sources of Funding of Road Economy of Ukraine”, “On Concessions to Build and Maintain Roads”, “On Public-Private Partnership”. Moreover, a range of documents of strategic nature, which substantiate the place of border infrastructure in implementation of long-term priorities of Ukraine’s development and defines the perspectives of its modernization, is analyzed, namely 2020 State Regional Development Strategy, Concept of Creation and Functioning of National Network of International Transport Corridors in Ukraine, State Border Service Development Strategy, 2030 National Transport Strategy of Ukraine, Concept of Reforming of Transport Sector of Economy, Concept of State Targeted Law Enforcement Program “2020 Development and Reconstruction of State Border”. Program documents of border infrastructure development support are also analyzed, namely 2016-2020 State Program of Cross-Border Cooperation Development and 2018-2022State Targeted Economic Program of Public Automobile Roads Development.
Identification of factors of waste management system
Authors: Kolodiichuk Iryna
Published: December 2019

Attention is drawn to the threatening scale of problems in the field of waste management, the direct correlation between the dynamics of socio-economic development and the accumulation of waste, which requires the formation of an adequate waste management system based on a territorially balanced approach. The importance of assessing the impact of quantitative and qualitative parameters of waste generation / utilization that form the territorial balance of waste management systems is emphasized. The organizational and economic factors that determine the volume and structure of waste generation / utilization and to which we primarily refer the macroeconomic situation in the country, economic activity of enterprises, logistics, economic, environmental levers and production restrictions are substantiated. The importance of governmental institutions in providing conditions for responsible treatment of waste management and in the use of administrative and incentive instruments to influence these processes is emphasized By changing the structure of production, a trade-off can be found between market demand for products and the cost of production, taking into account the prospective cost of waste management. The experience of European countries shows that modern recycling technologies must meet the criteria of environmental friendliness, economy, long-term availability of raw materials for recycling and demand for recycling technologies from the point of view of the sale of recycled waste components. We are convinced that the processing enterprise for the successful functioning of the company must be a business project, not a social project. This alters the motivation of management and focuses its strategy on economic outcomes that will produce social and environmental effects. The feasibility of using a public-private partnership scheme can provide a synergistic effect in the waste management system. Emphasis is placed on the effect-forming role of the socio-legal group of factors, which include the level of environmental awareness of waste generators, responsibility for violation of technological standards, ability to organize the sorting of household waste, state priorities for the implementation of waste management policy, legal responsibility for unauthorized waste.
https://doi.org/10.36873/agp.v20
Authors: Journal Admin
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTSince 1990s, the conversion of peatlands in Central Kalimantan from forest land cover and shrubs toagricultural land can cause the change of the characteristics of the peat. For this reason, this researchon the condition of peat properties is needed, especially the physical properties as a reference materialin the management of sustainable peatlands. This study was aims to determine the characteristics ofpeat under several land cover in the transition peat and the inland peat as well as the relationshipbetween the parameters. The research was conducted in September - December 2017, where located inWest Kanamit Village, Maliku Subdistrict and Taruna Jaya Village, Jabiren Raya Subdistrict, PulangPisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province. The laboratory analysis at the Laboratory of Agronomyand the Laboratory of Analytical, University of Palangka Raya. Sampling in this study was uses aprofile with the size of one m2. This study was uses regression analysis and correlation methods thatare conducted to determine the pattern of relationships and the relationship between the variables ofthe physical properties of the peat. The results of the study indicate there is a similarity in the physicalproperties of the transition peat of West Kanamit Village and the inland peat of Taruna Jaya Village.The level of decomposition of peat from all locations was sapric with black to reddish black color. Theaverage values of the peat in West Kanamit Village are bulk density (0.09-0.18 g cm-3), water content(451.52-1,013.18%), fiber content (7.62-14.60%), ash content (1.73-26.15%), and organic C (42.83-57.00%). The results of the study in Taruna Jaya Village had the average values as follows as bulkdensity (0.10-0.17 g cm-3), moisture content (361.79-846.99%), fiber content (7.62-14.60 %), ashcontent (0.84-2.69%), and organic C (56.44-57.52%). Hydrophobicity in all study locations were 1.1-3.4 seconds with the WDPT method and the ratio of 0.06-0.49 with the FTIR methods. Moreover, therelationship between the peat characteristics shows a positive relationship and a negative relationship.Keyword : Acrotelm, Catotelm, Transition, Inland Peat
Експериментальні дослідження роботи стержневої арматури в перерізах комбіновано-армованих нерозрізних залізобетонних балок
Authors: Андрійчук О.В. , Нінічук М.В.
Published: December 2019

Проведено аналіз експериментальних досліджень особливостей роботи стержневої арматури в перерізах двопролітних залізобетонних балок. При їх конструюванні в якості армування використовується класична сталева арматура у вигляді каркасів, та дисперсне армування бетону сталевою фіброю.
Методика експериментального дослідження зчеплення арматури з фібробетоном
Authors: Андрійчук О.В. , Швець І.В.
Published: December 2019

У статті представлено методику проведення експериментального дослідження зі встановлення особливостей зчеплення арматури серпоподібного профілю з дисперсно-армованими бетонами – сталефібробетоном і фібробетоном на основі базальтової фібри. Метою дослідження є побудова математичних моделей для визначення граничних напружень зчеплення та аналіз впливу визначальних факторів на напруження зчеплення по поверхні контакту арматури з фібробетоном.
Реконструкція напірних ґрунтових дамб та гребель водосховищ у стані критичної фільтрації
Authors: Біскуб П.І.
Published: December 2019

Багаторічний термін знаходження земляних гребель під постійним напором, кардинально міняє їхню здатність опору фільтраційному потоку через тіло греблі. Моніторинг показує, що збільшення швидкості та обсягу фільтрації, має геометричну прогресію, що є небезпекою настання критичного моменту  та розмиву тіла греблі. Важливим фактором такого явища є те що, греблі виконуються дрібнодисперсних грунтів, які з легкістю піддаються вимиву їх часток з тіла греблі. Запропонований метод дає можливість стабілізувати протифільтраційну стійкість грунтової греблі
Область застосування та способи модифікації композиційних матеріалів на основі деревини
Authors: Гомон С.С. , Савчук В.О. , Мельник Ю.А. , Верешко О.В.
Published: December 2019

Проведено аналіз літературних джерел різних способів модифікації деревини. Приведено основні способи глибинної модифікації деревини. Наведено область застосування композиційних матеріалів на основі деревини в різних галузях будівництва та деревообробній промисловості. Висвітлено подальші дослідження модифікації деревини силором.
Визначення впливу структури мережі на розподіл вузлових напорів
Authors: Добровольська О.Г.
Published: December 2019

Досліджено вплив окремих ділянок водопровідної мережі на надійність водопостачання в нормальних і аварійних умовах з врахуванням умов живлення та структури мережі. Представлені результати досліджень особливостей утворення та зміни площі зон недостатнього напору з урахуванням гідравлічних характеристик мережі. Визначені завдання, які має вирішувати система управління потокорозподілом на стадії проектування мереж. За результатами досліджень виконано оцінку умов водопостачання при утворенні зон недостатнього напору.
Дослідження водоредукуючого ефекту бетонної суміші при застосуванні пластифікатора біопласт
Authors: Кислюк Д.Я. , Чапюк О.С. , Ротко С.В. , Самчук В.П. , Савенко В.І.
Published: December 2019

Наведено дослідження впливу біополімерного пластифікатора «Біопласт-1» з упареної мелясної барди, яка є вторинним відходом виробництва біоетанолу. У роботі наведені результати. випробування бетонних зразків із пластифікатором Біопласт-1, які показали можливість зниження витрати води в основній бетонній суміші.
Врахування макроклімату при проектуванні висотних біокліматичних будівель
Authors: Кривенко О.В.
Published: December 2019

Для вирішення задач біокліматичної висотної архітектури важливим є врахування кліматичних впливів. У статті на основі узагальнення досвіду будівництва висотних будівель у районах зі складними кліматичними умовами та аналізу досліджень впливу макроклімату при проектуванні запропоновано структурну схему утворення макрокліматичного середовища з визначенням факторів впливу при формуванні висотної біокліматичної архітектури. Надано визначення макрокліматичного середовища як об’єднання природних та антропогенних чинників, що уточнює макрокліматичну характеристику. Зроблено висновок, що дослідження макроклімату надає можливість при проектуванні враховувати комплекс кліматичних параметрів для визначення  впливів на висотні біокліматичні будівлі.
Послідовність виконання робіт при реконструкції з надбудовою мансарди
Authors: Ксьоншкевич Л.М. , Крантовська О.М. , Сунак П.О. , Мельник О.В. , Парасюк Б.О.
Published: December 2019

У статті описані основні принципи організації роботи при надбудові мансардного поверху в житлових будівлях, послідовність виконання робіт, визначення затрат праці та проектування календарного плану.
Парковки та стоянки в системі багатоповерхової житлової забудови в м. Рівне
Authors: Ліпянін В.А. , Стичук В.А.
Published: December 2019

Досліджено можливість влаштування системи парковок та стоянок для автомобільного транспорту у житлових зонах з багатоповерховою забудовою в м. Рівне.
Дослідження урбаністичного впливу на територію смт. Олика
Authors: Парфентьєва І.О. , Мельник Ю.А. , Гурик М.Ю. , Яйченя В.П. , Ляшук С.В.
Published: December 2019

Проведено аналіз урбаністичного впливу на містобудівну діяльність. Розглянуто перспективи розвитку українських міст та сіл, вплив історичної спадщини, на формування розвитку поселення на прикладі, смт. Олика.
Вагові характеристики та галузі раціонального використання сталевих центрально стиснутих колон
Authors: Пашинський В.А. , Пашинський М.В. , Скриннік І.О. , Дарієнко В.В.
Published: December 2019

За результатами експериментального проектування центрально стиснутих сталевих колон шести типів виявлені залежності їх маси від висоти й навантаження. За укрупненими розцінками оцінена вартість виготовлення та монтажу колон різних типів. Результати роботи дозволяють орієнтовно встановити металоємність і вартість колон різних типів за відомою висотою й навантаженням та обрати раціональний тип колони.
Інженерно–планувальна організація території луганської області в сучасних умовах. Проблеми та передумови
Authors: Соколенко В.М. , Соколенко К.В.
Published: December 2019

Розглянуто проблеми та передумови розвитку інженерно-планувальної організації Луганської області в сучасних умовах. Визначено історичні аспекти формування агломерацій Донбасу та обставини їх деградації.
Дослідження властивостей опору сталефібробетону
Authors: Сунак П.О. , Синій С.В. , Крантовська О.М. , Ксьоншкевич Л.М. , Парасюк Б.О.
Published: December 2019

На основі теоретичних досліджень прийнятої моделі проаналізовано основні теоретичні дослідження опору сталефібробетону – зв’язок між напруженнями і деформаціями. Визначена ефективність фібрової арматури залежно від довжини і розташування фібр в просторі. Доведено, що в’язкість сталефібробетону приблизно в 10...12 разів більша за в’язкість бетону та залізобетону.
Геоінформаційне моделювання транспортної доступності територій
Authors: Уль А.В. , Мельник О.В. , Мельник Ю.А. , Волошин В.У. , Синій С.В.
Published: December 2019

У статті розглянуто методику моделювання транспортної доступності територій способом побудови ізохрон із застосуванням відкритих даних OpenStreetMap, ГІС GRASS GIS та СКБД PostgreSQL.
До проблеми визначення залишкової міцності балок, пошкоджених тріщинами
Authors: Шваб’юк В.І. , Ротко С.В. , Шваб’юк В.В. , Ужегова О.А. , Кислюк Д.Я.
Published: December 2019

У роботі розроблена методологія визначення залишкової міцності композитних балок, пошкоджених крайовою тріщиною в області дії розтягувальних напружень. Для проведення таких розрахунків використовується некласична модель згину композитних балок, котра враховує вплив деформацій поперечного зсуву та обтиснення. Для композитної балки, навантаженої розподіленим навантаженням і пошкодженої невеликою крайовою тріщиною у нижній поверхні балки, де діють розтягувальні напруження, одержані формули для граничних навантажень. Наведено приклад числових результатів для різних товщин і матеріалів. Зроблено аналіз отриманих результатів.
Дослідження рівня благоустрою територій житлових будинків (на прикладі 522-го мікрорайону м. Харкова)
Authors: Шишкін Е.А. , Завальний О.В. , Черноносова Т.О. , Вяткін К.І.
Published: December 2019

Предметом дослідження цієї статті є аналіз стану сфери благоустрою територій житлових будинків. Аналіз проведено на прикладі житлової групи будинків 522-го мікрорайону м. Харкова. За допомогою соціологічного опитування були виявлені проблеми сфери благоустрою територій житлових будинків. На основі дослідження факторів зовнішнього та внутрішнього середовища розвитку території виконано аналіз існуючого стану об’єкта дослідження за допомогою методу SWOT-аналізу. Для вирішення основних проблем, що склалися, на об’єкті запропоновано рекомендації щодо покращення стану благоустрою території житлових будинків.
Determination of Different Species of Animal from their Meats by Using PCR-RFLP Technique of Mitochondria Gene COI
Authors: Ayied Asaad Y. , Al-Mossawi Zahra R.
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted at Dr. Taleb A. Jaayad of Molecular Genetics, Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah. Samples of fresh and canned meat of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, chicken and turkey were collected randomly from different areas of Basrah province, as well as blood samples of camel. The aim was to determine different animal species from their meat (except camel). DNA was extracted from meat tissue (0.2 gm) and blood by using DNA kit (Invetrogen). DNA purity was estimated by using wavelength (260-280), to be 1.8- 2.0 ng. PCR was used to amplify mtco1 gene using a general primer and gave a band of 710 bp for all species used in this study. Different species were determined by using Taq restricted enzyme. Cattle, buffalo, chicken and turkey showed one band of 637 bp. Taq enzyme has recognized sheep and goat, while sheep did not show any band to the fragment 710 bp. However, goat showed a band at 650 bp. Furthermore, camel produced two bands of 303 and 403 bp.
Molecular identification of Fusarium spp. isolated from tomato plant in Iraq and China
Authors: Fayyadh Mohammed A. , Al-Badran Adnan I. , Al-Jaafari Iman S.
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted to identify Fusarium spp. isolated from tomato plant in Iraq and China. A total of 12 isolates from Iraq (1-12) and four isolates from China (M1-M4) were used in this study. Based on Morphological characteristics (color, growth pattern, Macro and Micro-conidia shape) high differences between Fusarium isolates were found. Sensitivity test to the fungicide carbendazim revealed that one third of isolates(4/12) from Iraq had EC50 values over than 1000?g/ml indicated that many Iraqi isolates have developed resistance to carbendazim. Based on ITS sequences, Fusarium isolates were identified as follow, isolates 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10 were identified as Fusarium oxysporum, isolates 8, 11 as F. solani, isolates 12, M1 and M3 as F. moniliforme, isolates 2, M2 and M4 as F. proliferatum, F. chlamydosporum and F. kyushuense , respectively.
Determination of Energy Requirements, Plowed Soil Volume Rate and Soil Pulverization Ratio of Chisel Plow Under Various Operating Conditions
Authors: Muhsin Sadiq  J.
Published: December 2019

A field experiments were conducted using a chisel plow in silty loam soil at Agricultural Research Station of Garmat Ali in 2017. Three different levels of forward speed (0.65, 0.87 and 1.65 m sec-1) and plowing depth (10, 20 and 30 cm) were used tostudy their effect on energy utilization efficiency, specific energy, plowed soil volume rate and soil pulverization ratio. The results showed that increasing the forward speed from 0.55 to 1.35 m sec-1, the specific energy, plowed soil volume rate and soilpulverization ratio were increased by 139.43%, 85.10% and 51.72%, respectively, while decreased the energy utilization efficiency by 30.04%. Increasing plowing depth from 10 to 30 cm led to increasing the energy utilization efficiency and the plowed soil volume rate by 34.30% and 87.38%, respectively. In contrast, the soil pulverization ratio and the specific energy decreased by 45.83% and 19.86%, respectively. The interaction between the forward speed and the plowing depth had a significant effect on all parameters in this study.
Performance Study of Moldboard Plow with Two Types of Disc Harrows and Their Effect on Some Soil Properties Under Different Operating Conditions
Authors: Muhsin Sadiq J.
Published: December 2019

A field experiment was conducted in two different locations at Agricultural Research Station of Garmat Ali in Basrah-Iraq. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the effective field capacity, field efficiency, draft force, pulverization index (PI), soil bulk density and soil porosity for moldboard plow (primary tillage), mounted disk harrow and offset disk harrow (secondary tillage) under different operating speed (2.54 (S1), 3.84 (S2) and 5.77 (S3) km hr-1) in two different soil textures (silty loam soil and clay soil). The design of the experiment was complete randomized blocks design in factorial experiment. The results showed that the moldboard plow had high values of draft force, pulverization index (PI) and soil porosity and lower soil bulk density, effective field capacity and field efficiency than that of mounted disk harrow and offset disk harrow in both soils. The operating speed and the interaction between operating speed and implements tillage type had significantly affect (p < 0.05) on all the studied parameters. The silty loam soil achieved higher effective field capacity, field efficiency, soil porosity (low bulk density) and considerable pulverization of soil clods than that of clay soil. The results also showed that the optimal operation conditions of implements tillage were associated with high operating speed of 5.77 km hr-1 in silty loam soil especially with using the disks harrow.
Production of biodegradable film from soy protein and essential oil of lemon peel and use it as cheese preservative
Authors: Al-Sahlany Shayma T. G.
Published: December 2019

Soy protein with essential oil of lemon peel was used to produce a biodegradable film, which showed inhibition activity against some species of selected bacterial strains. The films were white cheese coating and studied for its biodegradation in the soil. The percentage of soy protein extract was 15% (W: W) while the percentage of lemon peel essential oil was 3% (V: W). The GC-MS result of lemon peel essential oil consisted of 38 compounds, of which the main compound is D-Limonene in 63.43%. The films produced showed inhibition activity against both Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. Inhibition activity was highest against Staphylococcus aureus (22 mm zone), while E. coli O157: H7 had the lowest inhibition (18mm) when 0.1mL of essential oil with 10mL film mixed. The coating process of white cheese reduced the total microbial population (CFU/g) during 30 days of storage time. The TCB, TC, ST and MY of cheese coating were 4.28, 1.53, 1.62 and 1.33 log. CFU/g respectively after 30 days compared to the cheese non-coating samples, with 6.53, 2.51, 3.17 and 1.81 log. CFU/g, respectively. The biodegradation in soil was 97 and 72% for soy protein film and soy protein film with lemon peel essential oil after 35 days.
First Record of the Lessepsian Migrant Smith's Cardinalfish Jaydia smithi Kotthaus, 1970 (Pisces: Apogonidae) from Syrian Marine Waters
Authors: Al-Shawy Firas A. , Lahlah Murhaf M. , Hussein Chirine S.
Published: December 2019

Five individuals of Smith's cardinalfish Jaydia smithi were collected from Ibn-Hani area, Lattakia, Syria on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Their morphometric and meristic characteristics are reported. There are several factors which assisted this specimen to reach this area of the Mediterranean; some of these factors might be the marine environment changes and the ballast water. This study reports that Smith's cardinalfish Jaydia smithi, a member of Lessepsian species was found in Syrian marine waters for the first time.
Effect of Bacterial Cell Wall Components on Callus Growth of Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Barhee Propagated Through In vitro
Authors: Attaha Ali H.M. , Abdul-Sada Hussien K. , Al-Mussawii Muna A.Y.
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted on shoot tip explants of date palm cv. Barhee to investigate effect of bacterial cell wall components on initial callus growth. Three concentrations of bacterial media ( 0.5 and 1.0 and 2.5) v/v were used for growing callus by tissue culture technique . MS media was served as a control treatment.Results showed that all bacterial media treatments increased callus fresh weight and nitrogen concentration of media significantly as compared to that of MS control media. Bacterial media treatment of 2.5 (v/v) gave the highest values of callus fresh weight and nitrogen concentration (518 mg and 3.3089%) respectively, whereas MS control media had the lowest values (193 mg and 0.01%) respectively. There was a significant increase in callus fresh weight at 60 days incubation over that of 30 days incubation. The combination of bacterial media treatment at 2.5 (v/v) and incubation period of 60 days recorded the highest significant increase in callus fresh weight (631 mg), whereas the combination of MS control media treatment and incubation period of 30 days had the lowest value (166 mg) in this respect.
Effect of Various Thawing Times and Temperatures on Frozen Semen Quality in Plastic Straws of Artificial Insemination of Bulls in Iraq
Authors: Al-Edany Asaad H. I.
Published: December 2019

The present study was designed to determine the best practical method of semen thawing which could be applied to frozen semen of bulls in straw produced by Artificial Insemination Center, Iraq. Frozen semen was thawed at 15°C for 30 sec, 40°C for 10 sec and 50°C for 5 sec. individual  motility, live, and dead sperm cells was assessed using light microscope. Results revealed that number, motility, and  live of sperm cells, were significantly higher at the 50°C for 5 sec than other thawing temperatures In conclusion, it is recommended to use a temperatures of   50°C for 5 sec and to dissolve  the frozen semen because it gave the best quality semen after thawing  and easy to utilize in field.
First record of tomato late blight in Basrah province (Short Notes)
Authors: Al-Saad Labeed A. , Al-Yousuf Aqeel A. , Mezaal Mohamed M.
Published: December 2019

PlaTomato production in Al-Zubair district, Basrah province, Iraq was affected by late blight disease that was not recorded before in this geographical area. The symptoms were firstly appeared in December 2018 in several farms of Al-Zubair district. The infection was spread widely at January 2019 according to the environmental conditions that fitted the development infection. The pathogen was identified morphologically as Phytophthora infestans.
Agroecosystem Management Practices on some Cucumber Plant Parameters using Integrated Fertilization under Green House
Authors: Abdul Rahman Akram M. , Yüksel Allaaddin
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted in Tainal watershed, Bazian City, west of Sulaimaniyah, north of Iraq (35º57’31’’N, 45º 17’98’’E), the soil fertility was analyzed before the application of kinds of soil biofertilizer like dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with two concentrations (5g-L, 10 g-L) of dry yeast. Biofertilizers, organic matter like humic acid and chemical fertilizer for more comparison and water as a control. Results using dry yeast (10 g-L) have significant differences in (P?0.05) on the vegetable parameters, plant height, leaf area, yield, the number of harvest day and the weight of root system. Also the humic acid and biofertilizers have a significant effect (P?0.05). The yeast (10 g/L) have significant differences on (P?0.05) on yield (1.3 ton/ha) comparing with control of 48.73 kg/5 m2, and the total leaf area of 1.5 m2 comparing with the control 1.16 m2. The experiment was performed as factorial with randomized completely block design (R.C.B.D) on Cucumber plant type of (SAIF F1) with three replicates; each unit from the 18 unite (plot) contained 18 cucumber plant. The data were analyzed by using XLSTAT program statistically analyst.
Occurrence of whirling disease symptoms in cultured common carp in Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Al-Nowfal Ebtihal K.J. , Khamees Najim R. , Al-Haroon Sawsan S.
Published: December 2019

A total of 128 fish samples including 70 Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, 10 Leuciscus vorax (Heckel, 1843), 40 Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864) and eight Planiliza abu (Heckel, 1843) were collected during the period from November 2016 to May 2017. Seven different localities (floating cages, earthen ponds and natural water) in Basrah were investigated. Among some detected fish diseases, whirling disease symptoms was reported for the first time in Iraq in April 2017, from two C. carpio cultured in earthen fish ponds of Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah. The infested fish were dwarfed, with abnormal big head and small body. Grossly signs of the diseases represent fins and tail deformities in addition to open ulcers and losing  of scales, and necrosis of skin and muscles. Internally, fish suffered of muscles ecchymosis and vertebral deformities. Histological sections revealed that the spinal  cord had healthy structure.
Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Dragon Fruit (Hylocerens polyrhizus) Peel Using Different Concentration of Ammonium Oxalate
Authors: Hashim Alia Z.
Published: December 2019

The study was focused on the red dragon fruit (Hylocerens polyrhizus) peel which can be used as a source of pectin .The physicochemical properties were studied moisture, protein, fat, ash, total soluble solid TSS, pH and titratable acidity TA .Using three different concentration of ammonium oxalate 0.5 ,1 ,2 gm. At pH 4.9, temperature 90 ?C, time 90 min to extract pectin. Highest yield with about 0.5 gm. Concentration ammonium oxalate was 26.64% following 23.75%, 15.88% yields at concentration 1 and 2 gm. ammonium oxalate .There were significant differences in yields at (p< 0.05). Characterization of the extracted pectin in terms of equivalent weight, methoxyl  content, degree of esterification, an hydrouronic acid AUA, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR, viscosity, setting times were studied. Based on the value of methoxyl content 2.54% and degree esterification pectin can be categorized as low methoxyl.
Evaluation of raw and fermented water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) incorporated diets on growth and feed efficiency of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Sayed-Lafi Raad M. , Al-Tameemi Riyadh A. , Gowdet Ali I.
Published: December 2019

The evaluation of raw and fermented water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms as dietary ingredient for young grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val, 1844) was carried out by adding 20% of each of the alternative ingredients separately to the control diet to completely compensate barley, a portion of wheat bran and 20% of fish meal. Results indicated that all growth and feed efficiency parameters among treatments were similar and there were no significant difference (p>0.05) in specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein productive value (PPV) of fish fed any of the diets. The diet containing fermented water hyacinth (WF) was found to be more efficiently utilized by fish and of highest digestibility values for all nutrients, which indicated that the digestibility was stimulated by incorporation of fermented water hyacinth. The raw water hyacinth diet (WR) produced significantly (p<0.05) highest satiation level associated with lowest digestible energy. Evacuation rate was not affected significantly (p>0.05) by the inclusion of raw or fermented water hyacinth to the diets. The protein, lipid and ash levels in carcass were higher in fishes fed the control diet (C). In conclusion, incorporation of raw or fermented water hyacinth up to 20% level was found to be suitable and there were no adverse effects on the growth and feed efficiency of experimental fishes.
Growth parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio cultivated in semi- closed system
Authors: Taher Majid M. , Al-Dubakel Adel Y. , Muhammed Sadiq J.
Published: December 2019

Growth parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio were investigated in 13 plastic tanks (550 cm diameter and 130 cm depth) of semi-closed system at Abu Al- Khaseeb District, Basrah from 27 October to 17 December, 2016. Number of fishes in every tank was 1300 with an average initial weight 101.9 g. Fishes were fed at a ratio of 5% on sinking pelleted food manufactured in Basrah University factory with 25% protein ratio. Results of current study exhibited highest final weight (381.1 g) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 1 and lowest (326.3 g) in tank number 2. Average fish weight increments for 13 tanks were 248.2 g, with highest weight increment (266.5 g) achieved by fishes reared in tanks 6 and 11, while lowest (222.3 g) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 7. Result also appeared average daily growth of 4.87 g/day, with highest (5.22 g/day) achieved by fishes reared in tanks 6 and 11 and lowest (4.36 g/day) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 7. Average specific growth rate for 13 tanks was 2.44 %/day, with highest (3.10 %/day) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 3 and lowest (1.99 %/day) achieved in tank number 1. Average food conversion rate (FCR) for 13 tanks was 2.12, with highest (2.55) achieved by fishes reared in tanks number 1 and lowest (1.74) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 3.
Structure, mode of action and application of pediocin natural antimicrobial food preservative: A review
Authors: Niamah Alaa K.
Published: December 2019

Pediocin is a low molecular weight (2.7-17 KDa) cationic molecules compose of a hydrophilic N-terminal part containing the pediocin box (YGNGV) motif and a hydrophobic or amphiphilic C-terminal variable part which is produced by some of Pediococcus bacteria. Pediocin has inhibition properties against several sensitive bacterial cells and acts on the cytoplasmic membrane during pores formation. Pediocin intervenes with the absorption of amino acids in phospholipids of cytoplasmic membrane from target cells. The pediocin molecule has unique properties such as the thermostability and detaining of activity at a wide pH values and resistance to some proteases enzymes. Pediocin has inhibition activity against many food spoilage bacteria and pathogenic bacteria including several bacterial genera such as Listeria, Clostridium, Bacillus, Aeromonas, Staphylocoocus, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus.  This  review will assist in learning the challenges that yet require to attention to apply pediocin in food industries as food preservative.