bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Roduse ale programării vizuale în studierea STEAM
Authors: TIMUȘ Olga , BALMUȘ Nicolae
Published: June 2024

Visual programming adds a distinctive, interactive and practical dimension to the process of exploring complex concepts in the STEAM field. In this article, we aim to enhance, from the perspective of both STEAM and visual programming, the opportunities for using measurement tools. The reality in the Republic of Moldova indicates that some measurement tools included in the school curriculum are insufficient or lacking in laboratory equipment. The calliper or micrometre might remain only theoretical concepts on paper. We propose, as a STEAM tool, a series of custom-designed applications created in a visual programming environment. These applications reproduce the functionalities of the following measurement tools: scale, timer, micrometre, and calliper.
Particularitățile rezolvării problemelor la cinematica punctului material
Authors: CORCIU Nadejda , GUȚULEAC Leonid
Published: June 2024

In the current work, the results obtained in the activity related to solving problems in physics are presented. Problem-solving activity is used in physics lessons to reinforce theoretical material and develop skills for their practical application. Problems can be solved by different methods. The process of solving a problem can itself include several stages. The paper presents the solution of some typical problems in kinematics. The main purpose of the work is to prepare a teacher for a productive activity in the field of teaching physics.
Laborator digital la Mecanică
Authors: CREȚU Toma , POSTOLACHI Valentina
Published: June 2024

The article describes laboratory work on mechanics, carried out in a digital physics laboratory for pre-university education. In pandemic conditions, the digital laboratory offers fundamental new opportunities for conducting the educational process at a distance. Modern digital laboratory installations, equipped with various digital sensors, measure real physical quantities. The experimental results can be analyzed and processed by the compute.
Studierea circuitelor electrice la lecțiile de fizică
Authors: MAKOVEȚKAIA Marina , GUȚULEAC Leonid
Published: June 2024

The current paper describes the results obtained in the process of studying electric circuits in physics lessons. The branch of physics related to electrotechnics is of particular practical importance due to the widespread use of electricity. Circuits can be researched by solving their calculation problems and by making measurements in laboratory work. Different methods can be used in research. The problem-solving and experimental research processes aim to deepen theoretical knowledge and prepare students for various practical activities.
Aprofundarea competențiilor fizico-matematice prin studiul unor modele tehnice
Authors: PLEȘCA Valeriu
Published: June 2024

For a harmonious development of the personality, formal, non-formal and informal education is necessary. The differences and similarities of these components of education are explained in general terms. Extracurricular education, being a part of non-formal education, has effective methods of completing education. In the article, the author shares his impressions about the extracurricular activity within the "Physics in Technology" circle, followed by the formulation of conclusions.
Materiale inteligente pe bază de semiconductori
Authors: POSTOLACHI Igor , GUȚULEAC Leonid
Published: June 2024

The paper describes the prospect of using GaSb and GaSb semiconductors doped with Fe as a photosensitive element for infrared radiation detectors in the range of 1-2.5 μm. The photosensitive films of p-GaSb and p-GaSb (Fe) were obtained by the plasma electric discharge method and the laser ablation method.
Studiul efectelor termice de dizolvare și neutralizare: aplicabilitatea pentru predarea și studierea chimiei
Authors: BAERLE Iulia , BAERLE Adrian
Published: June 2024

The possibility of use and the veracity of the data, obtained with the wireless temperature sensor and the related software, were confirmed. Thermo-kinetic curves explain the phenomena in aqueous solutions, which are important for living organisms and for the existence of ecosystems: hydration, formation and destruction of hydrogen bonds, dilution, etc. The method is very useful and illustrative for demonstrating the veracity of Hess's Law. The method is applicable for teaching and researches in chemistry, biology and physics.
Leadership Development in Athletic Training: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Carr W. David , Hetzler Tona , Singe Stephanie , Pitney William
Published: June 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore how athletic trainers describe their leadership and how the profession can develop future leaders. Methods: Eight participants (four females, four males) completed a phone interview. Interview data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed utilizing a grounded theory approach. The trustworthiness of the data was established by using member checks and triangulation. Results: Characteristics of Leadership theme was defined as 1) Interpersonal Skills, 2) Vision, 3) Pride in Others’ Success, 4) Ethical Decision Making, and 5) Self-Reflective. The Leadership Development theme was characterized by 1) Role Models Professional and Personal, 2) Involvement and Networking, and 3) Workshops. Conclusions: Leaders in athletic training self-report that they possess strong personal attributes, take pride in the success of others, and demonstrate sound decision-making, which is described as honorable. Future leaders should emulate these attributes as they mature in the profession. Engaging in professional development and role modeling of past mentors helps leaders develop their skills.
Dental Hygienists’ Intentions to Provide Anticipatory Guidance Recommendations: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Calhoun Melissa , Smilyanski Irina , Boyd Linda , Vineyard Jared
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the behavioral, normative, and control beliefs of dental hygienists (DHs) and their behavioral intention to provide anticipatory guidance (AG) to expecting parents and caregivers of infants and toddlers. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey design used convenience sampling strategies to recruit DHs (n=335) who provided oral health care to expecting parents and caregivers of children 0-5 years old. A survey was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and validated. Descriptive, correlation and regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationships among variables. Results: The survey completion rate was 72% (n=241). Strong relationships (p=.001) were shown between DHs’ behavioral, normative, and control beliefs and their intention to discuss AG with expecting parents and caregivers of infants and toddlers. The TPB model suggests normative (p<.05) and control (p=.001) beliefs were strong predictors of intention. Control beliefs (p=.001) were the strongest predictor of intention for all TPB subscales. The results also indicated that DHs with bachelor’s degrees or higher demonstrated more positive normative (Md=73.00, p<.001) and control beliefs (Md=94.00) than DHs with associate degrees. Conclusions: Although DHs are aware of AG for infants and toddlers, results demonstrated the TPB model might predict DHs’ intentions to provide AG based on normative and control beliefs. This information may serve as a baseline for future research exploring DHs’ anticipatory guidance behaviors toward caregivers of infants and toddlers.
Rate and Magnitude of Muscle Temperature Increase with Cycling at Various Intensities
Authors: Ostrowski Jennifer , Scifers James
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Anecdotally, athletic training clinicians often have patients "warm up" on a stationary cycle prior to rehabilitation. No previous studies have evaluated the rate or magnitude of muscle temperature increase during a cycling task. Our objective was to determine the rate and magnitude of muscle temperature increase in superficial (2cm) and deep (4cm) muscle during cycling at various intensities. Methods: Randomized, counter-balanced crossover trial conducted at a University research laboratory. Sixteen healthy participants (male=7, female=9; mean age 26±4 years; height 170±10 cm; weight 77±8 kg; adipose thickness 1.4±0.9 cm; muscle thickness 5.1±0.7 cm). Participants performed cycling under 3 intensity conditions: 50-80 Watts/gear 8-10 (light), 100-130 Watts/12-16 gear (moderate), 140+ Watts/16+ gear (strenuous). Main outcomes measured were muscle temperature at depths of 2cm and 4cm were measured via 17-gauge catheter thermocouple. Temperatures were recorded at baseline and during the 20-minute cycling task. Results: 2cm depth: moderate heating achieved; nonsignificant intensity-by-time interaction (F(20,80)=1.225, p=0.257, observed power 0.877). Significant main effect for time (F(20,80)=18.995, p<.001), nonsignificant main effect for intensity (F(1,4)=4.435, p=0.103, observed power 0.365). 4cm depth: moderate heating achieved; nonsignificant intensity-by-time interaction (F(20,100)=0.784, p=0.257, observed power 0.720). Significant main effect for time (F(20,100)=62.102, p<.001), nonsignificant main effect for intensity (F(1,5)=1.267, p=0.311, observed power 0.152). Conclusions: No cycling intensities were able to increase muscle temperature to the vigorous heating range (4°C increase) at either 2cm or 4cm depth. Moderate to high-intensity cycling warmup may increase local metabolic rate, decrease pain, and decrease muscle spasm via 1-2°C increase in muscle temperature.
The Impact of Type 1 Diabetes on the Family and Related Factors
Authors: Çetintaş İsmail , Kostak Melahat Akgün
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the impact of Type 1 diabetes mellitus and related factors on children and families. Methods: The descriptive study was conducted with the parents of 175 children aged 6-18 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The data were collected using the "Child and Family Information Form" and the "Diabetes Family Impact Scale (DFIS)." pResults:It was determined that the parents' total median DFIS score was 21.42 (9.52-35.71) and the highest median score was 33.33 (11.11-66.66) in the "finances" sub-dimension score. There was a significant difference between the child's school success and the parents' "school" sub-dimension median scores, the mother's employment status and the "work" sub-dimension median scores, and the family's income level and the DFIS total median scores (pConclusions and Recommendations:It was concluded that diabetes mostly adversely affected the family in terms of "finances." It was also determined that the negative impact of diabetes on the family was higher in children with poor school success and in families where mothers were unemployed and whose income was less than their expenses. The negative impact of diabetes on the family increased as the ages of the child, mother, and father and the duration of diagnosis decreased and the HbA1c level increased. In line with the research findings, one should be aware of the factors (child's age, child's school success, parental age, parental employment status, family income level, duration of diagnosis, HbA1c level) that affect the negative effects of diabetes on the family. In addition, it is recommended to plan and implement the necessary initiatives to prevent the negative effects of diabetes on the family (especially in the financial field) since the child's diagnosis of diabetes.
Estratégias docentes mediadas pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação: uma revisão sistemática de Dossiês Pandêmicos
Authors: Fonseca Joselia de Jesus da , Costa Ana Valéria Figueiredo da
Published: June 2024

Este artigo foi gerado a partir da dissertação Estratégias docentes mediadas pelas tecnologias de informação e comunicação: uma Revisão Sistemática de Dossiês Pandêmicos, que analisou pesquisas educativas realizadas durante a pandemia de COVID-19, quando docentes e discentes precisaram recorrer ao Ensino Remoto Emergencial para continuarem os estudos. Assim, o estudo identificou e analisou estratégias docentes mediadas pelas TIC. Foram utilizados dossiês temáticos para a investigação, com suporte teórico em autores da área. A metodologia constou de Revisão Sistemática para explorar os dados gerados, sistematizados em categorias, baseada em Bardin. Os resultados e discussões levaram à conclusão de que as TIC são importantes para o ensino-aprendizagem como ferramentas auxiliares e não um fim em si mesmas.
Intellectual potential is the basis of the economic security of the state
Authors: Соколов А.П.
Published: June 2024

Интеллектуальный потенциал играет определяющую роль в укреплении безопасности отечественной экономики и является предпосылкой ее стабильного развития. Ситуация складывается таким образом, когда существует взаимозависимость между интеллектуальным потенциалом и обеспечением функциональных составляющих безопасности государства. В статье раскрываются вопросы сущности интеллектуального потенциала государства, его структура, роль человеческой составляющей в экономике страны. Обосновано, что интеллектуальная безопасность является неотъемлемым элементом системы экономической безопасности государства, когда необходимо создавать условия, необходимые для сохранения, развития и эффективного использования интеллектуального потенциала, подтверждающего ее органическое единство с экономической безопасностью страны.

Intellectual potential plays a crucial role in strengthening the security of the domestic economy and is a prerequisite for its stable development. The situation develops in such a way when there is an interdependence between the intellectual potential and the provision of functional components of the security of the state. The article reveals the issues of the essence of the intellectual potential of the state, its structure, the role of the human component in the country’s economy. It is proved that intellectual security is an integral element of the economic security system of the state, when it is necessary to create the conditions necessary for the preservation, development and effective use of intellectual potential, confirming its organic unity with the economic security of the country.
THE EFFECT OF 5E LEARNING CYCLE MODEL ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN ACID-BASE UNIT: A META-ANALYSIS STUDY
Authors:   Gazi University, Ziya Alper Kaya , Hüseyin Akkus
Published: June 2024

This study conducted a meta-analysis of studies examining the effect of the 5E learning cycle model on students' academic success in an acid-bases unit. For this purpose, national studies published between 2000-2022 were scanned from various databases (YÖK National Thesis Center, Google Scholar, Dergipark), and a meta-analysis of eight studies was made according to inclusion criteria. A comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) statistical program was used for analysis. Hedges's g coefficient was used while calculating the effect sizes, and the confidence level was accepted as 95%. A funnel plot was drawn to determine the publication bias, and Rosenthal's N analysis was performed. Since the studies were conducted at different cities, samples, and class levels, the effect size was calculated according to the random effect model. According to the results, Hedges's g coefficient was 1.845, and the standard error was 0.393. From this point of view, it was concluded that the effect of the 5E learning cycle model on the academic success of the students in the acid-base unit was excellent, positive, and significant.
The effectiveness of spiral learning in teaching biology courses at school
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University named after Оzbekali Zhanibekov, Mаmykоvа Roza , Urazbaeva Gulbanu , Arimkulova Gulmira , Utegenova Gulzhakhan
Published: June 2024

Currently, “Spiral learning” is one of the most difficult problems in the structure of the updated educational program in secondary schools related to the teaching of biology. Therefore, the article presents for the first time the results of a theoretical analysis of pedagogical, psychological, and methodological literature in accordance with the topic of the study. A detailed analysis of the various advantages and disadvantages of the spiral approach to learning was carried out, as well as possible changes in its implementation were considered and practical features of creating a curriculum were discussed. Specific examples in the field of teaching biology at school were described. Based on the program of the “Cell Biology” section for grades 7-11, it is assumed that its elements will become more complex. Despite the fact that academic performance in all classes was 100%, the quality of education in the 7th grade was 65%, and in the 11th grade this figure increased to 92%. This, in turn, helps students improve their knowledge in the “Cell Biology” section and expand their abilities in the field of biology and develop critical thinking skills, which improves the quality of the educational process.
Aligning Design Studio Pedagogy to Industry Practice: Future Proofing Higher Design Education
Authors: Fleischmann Katja
Published: June 2024

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, design education experienced a significant shift as traditional studio teaching went online. This transition coincided with industry demands for adaptable, technology-proficient graduates prepared to work and collaborate as part of a decentralized workforce. This study examines how design educators in seven countries adapted their post-pandemic studio pedagogy to align with these industry needs. An online survey was used to efficiently reach the wide, geographically dispersed participant pool of educators. Findings indicate a rising acceptance of online technologies in studio teaching. The majority of design educators are now incorporating online elements into their design teaching. Pre-recorded lectures, online feedback and critique sessions, self-paced learning activities, and the use of cloud-based collaboration tools are among the most frequently employed methods. Nearly a third of surveyed educators are even considering teaching fully online design courses. This shift reflects a forward-thinking approach aimed at better aligning design education and industry. However, the study also highlights the importance of remaining open to disruptive technologies like generative artificial intelligence which is currently reshaping the design industry and work practices.
 
 
Received: 8 April 2024 | Revised: 9 May 2024 | Accepted: 11 June 2024 
 
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Abailability Statement
The data that support this work are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Katja Fleischmann: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
De Marquetalia a Las Delicias
Authors: Borrero Mansilla Armando
Published: June 2024

El libro de Armando Borrero aborda un período de la historia del Ejército Nacional que va del triunfalismo de los primeros años sesenta, cuando se veía la pacificación del país al alcance de la mano, al período trágico de los últimos años de los noventa. El autor pone en contexto las relaciones entre política y guerra, y bajo esa misma lógica se adentra en las relaciones civiles-militares de la época del Frente Nacional y del período subsiguiente. A mismo reflexiona sobre las características de los conflictos irregulares y muestra las complejidades estratégicas y tácticas que ese tipo de guerra le plantea al Estado y a la Sociedad. La reflexión la acompaña con referencias a las operaciones más reveladoras de una guerra dentro de la sociedad. Todo se enmarca en las transformaciones de la sociedad colombiana durante una época de vértigo en la que se entrelazan violencias de origen diverso y en los desafíos éticos propios de los conflictos, que ponen en juego visiones del mundo, valores, modos de vida y concepciones del deber ser de la política y del Estado.
Realidade e artificialidade
Authors: Santos Bárbara Barbosa Duarte dos
Published: June 2024

Este ensaio propõe discutir, baseado no filme Her, como a experiência e a expressão dos sentimentos se constituem socialmente através das relações de convívio social. A metodologia apoia-se em uma revisão narrativa, com base teórica de obras produzidas no campo das Ciências Sociais, com ênfase em Antropologia das Emoções. O objeto de análise são as emoçõesdesenvolvidas pela personagem Samantha, um sistema operacional de inteligência artificial. O objetivo é realizar uma contraposição teórica às noções biológico-corporais acerca das categorias emotivas. Considerando a discussão realizada entre as obras e a relação de dois personagens opostos, é possível inferir que a emocionalidade se manifesta por meio de redes coletivas de interdependência. Assim, as emoções e suas formas de expressão se apresentam como constitutivamente sociais.
Leadership style dynamics: informing policy for optimal employee performance in diverse organizational setting
Authors: Collado Reynaldo JR , Bernabe Datu-Ramos Yvette Eve , Espeleta Ronlie RJ , Romero Ronald , Santos Ryan Christopher
Published: June 2024

This study examines the leadership styles employed by school administrators and their influence on the performance of faculty members in educational institutions. The research employs a mixed-methods approach to investigate many aspects of leadership, including as adaptable, servant, inclusive, and resilient styles. The findings indicate that administrators are increasingly adopting top-level leadership styles that are characterized by adaptability, service orientation, inclusion, and resilience. The study reveals notable variations in leadership styles depending on the gender of the respondents and the organizational environment. This highlights the significance of implementing leadership methods that are inclusive of gender and sensitive to the specific context. Although there are variations in faculty performance among different organizational settings, some institutions excel in their performance. However, there is no evidence of any substantial relationships between leadership styles and faculty performance. Thematic analysis uncovers significant obstacles and input pertaining to communication, decision-making, coherence, and emotional intelligence in leadership practices. Suggestions are put forward to improve leadership development, encourage gender-inclusive policies, facilitate effective communication, and nurture emotional intelligence among administrators. By applying these suggestions, educational institutions can foster a nurturing work atmosphere, enhance faculty productivity, and ultimately, promote organizational success and employee welfare.
Digital currency as a transformation factor the global financial system
Authors: Bikbulatov D. R.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to a historical review of the development of money, an analysis of the current state of the world and Russian monetary systems, a dialectical analysis of the history of money and a picture of the near future of the world monetary system. Within the framework of this study, the author reviews the available statistical data on the dynamics of the share of cash and non-cash transactions worldwide, in large financial centers and in Russia. Compiles a list of beneficial effects for the economy after the implementation of the digital currency introduction project. Analyzes the problems of the shadow sector of the economy using the methods of game theory.
Formation of political institutions and processes using digital technologies and artificial intelligence
Authors: Pobedin P. K.
Published: June 2024

The article describes the basic principles of formation of political institutions and processes with the help of digital technologies. The main principles of digitalization in politics and its impact on modern political institutions are revealed. In addition, the author paid attention to the essence of political institutions, as well as their formation under the influence of digital technologies. The relevance of this research topic is determined by the significance of the effectiveness of the formation of processes in politics and the direct impact that digitalization and digital technologies have on them. The paper examines different views of modern scholars on the problem of formation of political institutions under the influence of digital technologies. By assessing the different ways and methods used by political actors and countries to adopt digital technologies, it is possible to trace changes in relevant social relations and to investigate how digital technologies affect political discourse. In this way, three areas are defined: digital democracy, digital bureaucracy and digital diplomacy. Finally, the author analyzes concepts, models and scenarios of digitalization, and describes the basic principles of “social intelligence” in artificial machines that collect and analyze the digital footprints of the target audience. Special attention is paid to Russia, on its path to digital transformation.
The role of education in the development of a solidary economy
Authors: Egorov V. G. , Inshakov A. A. , Alexandrova E. V.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the role of educational programs in promoting the development of a solidary economy and cooperative organizations. The work contains an overview of the scientific literature dealing with the problem of developing educational products for organizations of a solidary housekeeper, a historical excursion of cooperative courses in Russia at the beginning of the XIX century is given. Based on the results of the survey, the problems of the shortage of qualified personnel of domestic cooperative enterprises and the lack of specialized educational programs for cooperation have been identified. The content of foreign training courses for the structures of solidarity economy and cooperation is considered. The authors present recommendations for educational institutions and governing bodies, public organizations to improve the training of personnel in the solidarity economy and cooperation.
Moral Character of Society in the Qur'an in the Story of Ashab Al-Sabti
Authors: Laili Nur
Published: June 2024

The research is motivated by the existence of moral degradation caused by films, stories, and news in society, covering various aspects of moral decline such as a decrease in integrity, deviation from virtuous values, and a lack of empathy and social responsibility. If films, stories, and news can shape a person's character, then the Qur'an can certainly improve someone's behavior. The story of Ashab Al-Sabti will be the subject of research because it contains three groups, namely: the group of righteous advisors, the group that remains silent in the face of wrongdoing, and the group that exceeds limits and is corrupt. This research aims to examine the moral characters within these three groups. Through a combination of exegesis and sociology approaches, the characters in the story can be analyzed. Therefore, this research uses qualitative methods with library research as the type and descriptive analytical as the data analysis technique. The results of the research show that the analysis of characters in these three groups is divided into two categories: positive characters, including social care, obedience, loyalty, and resilience; and negative characters, including despair and defiance. The story of Ashab Al-Sabti contains four contextual elements from a sociological perspective: social facts, social actions, social reality, and sociological imagination.
Axiomatics of Exceptions
Authors: Chen Wei
Published: June 2024

This paper presents axiomatic proof rules for exception handling and argues that exceptions are no more than forward goto statements. The rules are defined within Hoare’s native proof system with Dijkstra’s weakest precondition model as a mathematical foundation.
NURSING CARE FOR ADOLESCENTS IN PRENATAL
Authors: Dantas da Silva Lorena , De Lira Silva Macerlane , Batista Abrantes Kaellen , Venâncio Soares Vieira José , Silva Oliveira Geane , Caroline de Souza Anne , Mikaelly Marques de Abrantes Fávilla , Marques Galvão Emanoelly , Lademilla Pordeus Fernandes Dantas Rita
Published: June 2024

The problematization of teenage pregnancy and its care through prenatal care, being multifactorial, permeated by social and cultural prejudices, poses challenging factors for the practice of nurses in Primary Care. Objective: Highlight the role of the nurse in the sensitized reflection of care, to establish bonds and trust, fundamental for the humanization of this process. Methodology: Integrative review of the literature developed with original articles, published between 2018 and 2023, with the theme of teenage pregnancy and nursing care. Results: It was constructed from this study that the concept of sensitized reflection on the care of pregnant adolescents must value their biographies, their values, their fears and desires; characterizing the nurse’s performance free from prejudice and prejudgment, stigma, aggression or discrimination. Final considerations: It is suggested that the role of nurses working in Primary Health Care is to recommend and ensure that care for pregnant adolescent women, a population so fragile and vulnerable, is more welcoming, attentive, warm, harmonious and humanized than their current practices.
Concepções de trabalho docente universitário e as atividades virtuais na pandemia
Authors: Sabbatini Marcelo
Published: June 2024

Numa análise do impacto da pandemia da covid-19 sobre o trabalho dos professores universitários, enfocamos as mudanças nas práticas de ensino, pesquisa, extensão e gestão e refletimos sobre os efeitos de uma rápida transição para o ensino remoto, impulsionada por medidas governamentais e a necessidade de manter a continuidade educacional durante o isolamento social. Entre os desafios trazidos, identificamos a adaptação a tecnologias digitais e o aumento da carga de trabalho, afetando o equilíbrio entre vida profissional e pessoal dos docentes. Para esta análise utilizamos as categorias de tempo, espaço e presença para compreender as mudanças nas práticas laborais, além das atividades de gestão exercidas pelos docentes do Ensino Superior brasileiro período. Identificamos assim que a pandemia acelerou tendências preexistentes, como o avanço da Educação a Distância (EaD) e a inserção de tecnologias digitais no ambiente educacional. Essas mudanças, embora ofereçam oportunidades, também apresentam riscos, como a intensificação do trabalho docente, questões de privacidade e a mercantilização da educação. Diante destes desafios, defendemos a necessidade de uma formação crítica e reflexiva para os professores, que vá além do domínio técnico das tecnologias educacionais, abordando as implicações sociais, políticas e éticas do ensino remoto e da tecnologia na educação, promovendo uma prática educacional que respeite os direitos e a dignidade dos educadores e contribua para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária.
SurrogateRsq: An R Package for Categorical Data Goodness-of-Fit Analysis Using the Surrogate R2
Authors: Zhu Xiaorui , Lin Zewei , Liu Dungang , Greenwell Brandon
Published: June 2024

Categorical data are prevalent in almost all research fields and business applications. Their statistical analysis and inference often rely on probit/logistic regression models. For these common models, however, there is no universally adopted measure for performing goodness-of-fit analysis. To this end, [26] proposed a so-called surrogate ${R^{2}}$ that resembles the ordinary least square (OLS) ${R^{2}}$ for linear regression models. The surrogate ${R^{2}}$ used the notion of surrogacy, namely, generating a continuous response S and using it as a surrogate of the original categorical response Y [24, 25, 8]. In this paper, we develop an R package $\mathbf{SurrogateRsq}$ to implement the surrogate ${R^{2}}$ method [43]. The package is compatible with existing model fitting functions (e.g., glm(), polr(), clm(), and vglm()), and its features are exhibited in a wine rating analysis. Our package can be used jointly with other R packages developed for variable selection and model diagnostics so as to form a complete model development process. This process is summarized and demonstrated in a categorical-data-modeling workflow that practitioners can follow. To exemplify an extended utility of the surrogate-${R^{2}}$-based goodness-of-fit analysis, we also use this package to illustrate how to compare different empirical models trained from different samples in the wine rating analysis. The result suggests that the package allows us to evaluate comparability across multiple samples/models/studies that address the same or similar scientific or business questions.
Exploring smartphone-related digital divide among South Korean older adults
Authors: Yoon Hyunsun , Lee Guiohk , Nguyen Thi Hong Hai , Lee Suyun , Šegota Tina
Published: June 2024

Purpose: One of the crucial steps towards fully grasping the benefits of smartphone use for all is to explore the existence of a digital divide and its relationship to different outcomes of smartphone use. In so doing, this study explored the smartphone-related digital divide among South Korean older adults in terms of ac-cess, use and outcomes.Design/methodology/approach: In-person interviews using questionnaires were conducted to collect the data from a total number of 372 older adults aged 60 and above in eleven community centers in the Seoul Metropolitan area in Korea, 223 of whom owned a smartphone. Results: This study found that most participants use smartphones to communicate with personal relation-ships and support system. There were, however, differences among groups related to gender, age, and ICT training in terms of the extent of smartphone usage and participation in virtual communities. In three age groups of 60+, 70+ and 80+, a younger cohort and those with ICT training had higher smartphone literacy, harnessing the potential of smartphones. Those who used smartphones to stay connected to their social group and for entertainment showed a lower level of loneliness. Conclusion: This study shows that older adults (i.e., 60+) are not a homogenous group when it comes to using smartphones. There are distinct differences in older smartphone users, especially in the age groups 60+, 70+ and 80+. Older adults should be encouraged to use smartphones for better connectivity with their social groups and entertainment, potentially decreasing their feeling of loneliness.
COMO A ESCOLA TRATA A VARIAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Castro Francisca Mailza Bezerra de , Agrello Marisa Pascarelli
Published: June 2024

Este artigo é parte de um trabalho científico extenso e rigoroso desenvolvido durante o Mestrado Acadêmico em Ciências da Educação, pela Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT), Lisboa, o qual  tem como tema: A utilização da língua portuguesa em duas regiões do estado do ceará. O trabalho de pesquisa supracitado foi desenvolvido nas cidades de Pentecoste e Juazeiro do Norte, representando respectivamente a linguagem falada nas regiões Litoral Oeste e Cariri cearense,  no qual se dissertou sobre a importância de se analisar e respeitar as variações linguísticas no Brasil, a fim de  não se obstacularizar a aprendizagem dos alunos no Ensino Médio, levando-os à desistência dos estudos pela falta de comunicação entre professores e alunos e mesmo entre os pares. Investiga-se principalmente, as diferenças lexicais e suas causas (objetivos específicos). A metodologia empregada é a qualitativa, tendo como campo empírico de pesquisa uma escola de cada município estudado pois, os sujeitos participantes são os coordenadores, professores e alunos. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de sessões de entrevistas semiestruturadas e individuais (2018). E sua análise baseada no método “análise de conteúdo” de Bardin (2015).   embasando-se nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais – Ensino Médio – Parte II – Linguagem, Códigos e suas Tecnologias, Nacionais (1997) e em linguistas como: Bagno (2015), Traváglia (2017) e Lucchesi (2012, 2015, 2017), a literatura que propõe novos caminhos para o ensino da Língua Portuguesa, considerando os diversos dialetos que a compõem, apontados pelos historiadores: Aranha, (2020) e Fausto, (2019).
Implementation of multi-layer snow scheme in seasonal forecast system and its impact on model climatological bias
Authors: Seo Eunkyo , Dirmeyer Paul A.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. This study explores the influence of implementing a multi-layer snow scheme on the climatological bias within a seasonal forecast system. A single-layer snow schemes in land surface models often inadequately represent the insulating effect of snowpack, resulting in warm and cold biases during winter and snow melting seasons, respectively. By contrast, multi-layer snow schemes enable enhanced energy transport between the land and atmosphere. To investigate this impact, two versions of the Global Seasonal Forecast System (GloSea) – GloSea5 with a single-layer snow scheme and GloSea6 with a multi-layer snow scheme – are compared over 24 years (1993–2016). Results shed light on the significance of accurately representing the insulating effect of snow in improving retrospective seasonal forecasts. The GloSea6 shows that the snow melting season shifts two weeks later, accompanied by a significant improvement in surface temperature and permafrost extent. The extended snow cover delays the onset of evaporation in spring season, which slows down the physical process of drying out the soil moisture, resulting in the improvement in its climatology and memory. The abundant soil moisture enhances the partitioning of incoming energy into latent heat flux, allowing for more evaporative cooling at the surface, and constrains water-limited coupling. Such improvements in the land surface processes, especially over the mid-latitudes, mitigate the near-surface warming bias over the entire diurnal period and the oversensitivity of atmospheric conditions to the land surface variability. The model performance in simulating precipitation is also improved with the increase in precipitation occurrence over snow-covered regions, significantly reducing model error in the Great Plains, Europe, and South and East Asia. Above all, this study demonstrates the value of implementing a multi-layer snowpack scheme in seasonal forecast models, not only during the snowmelt season but also for the subsequent summer season, for model fidelity in simulating temperature and precipitation along with the reality of land-atmosphere interactions.
Technical note: Applicability of physics-based and machine-learning-based algorithms of geostationary satellite in retrieving the diurnal cycle of cloud base height
Authors: Wang Mengyuan , Min Min , Li Jun , Lin Han , Liang Yongen , Chen Binlong , Yao Zhigang , Xu Na , Zhang Miao
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Four distinct retrieval algorithms, comprising two physics-based and two machine-learning (ML) approaches, have been developed to retrieve cloud base height (CBH) and its diurnal cycle from Himawari-8 geostationary satellite observations. Validations have been conducted using the joint CloudSat/CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) CBH products in 2017, ensuring independent assessments. Results show that the two ML-based algorithms exhibit markedly superior performance (with a correlation coefficient of R > 0.91 and an absolute bias of approximately 0.8 km) compared to the two physics-based algorithms. However, validations based on CBH data from the ground-based lidar at the Lijiang station in Yunnan province and the cloud radar at the Nanjiao station in Beijing, China, explicitly present contradictory outcomes (R < 0.60). An identifiable issue arises with significant underestimations in the retrieved CBH by both ML-based algorithms, leading to an inability to capture the diurnal cycle characteristics of CBH. The strong consistence observed between CBH derived from ML-based algorithms and the spaceborne active sensor may be attributed to utilizing the same dataset for training and validation, sourced from the CloudSat/CALIOP products. In contrast, the CBH derived from the optimal physics-based algorithm demonstrates the good agreement in diurnal variations of CBH with ground-based lidar/cloud radar observations during the daytime (with an R value of approximately 0.7). Therefore, the findings in this investigation from ground-based observations advocate for the more reliable and adaptable nature of physics-based algorithms in retrieving CBH from geostationary satellite measurements. Nevertheless, under ideal conditions, with an ample dataset of spaceborne cloud profiling radar observations encompassing the entire day for training purposes, the ML-based algorithms may hold promise in still delivering accurate CBH outputs.
Fish functional groups of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans
Authors: Thompson Murray S. A. , Preciado Izaskun , Maioli Federico , Bartolino Valerio , Belgrano Andrea , Casini Michele , Cresson Pierre , Eriksen Elena , Hernandez-Milian Gema , Jónsdóttir Ingibjörg G. , Neuenfeldt Stefan , Pinnegar John F. , Ragnarsson Stefán , Schueckel Sabine , Schueckel Ulrike , Smith Brian E. , Torres María Á. , Webb Thomas J. , Lynam Christopher P.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. International efforts to assess the status of marine ecosystems have been hampered by insufficient observations of food web interactions across many species, their various life stages, and geographic ranges. Hence, we collated data from multiple databases of fish stomach contents from samples taken across the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans containing 944,129 stomach samples from larvae to adults, with 14,196 unique interactions between 227 predator species and 2158 prey taxa. We use these data to develop a data-driven, reproducible approach to classifying broad functional feeding guilds and then apply these to fish survey data from the Northeast Atlantic shelf seas to reveal spatial and temporal changes in ecosystem structure and functioning. In doing so, we construct predator-prey body size scaling models to predict the biomass of prey functional groups, e.g., zooplankton, benthos, and fish, for different predator species. These predictions provide empirical estimates of species- and size-specific feeding traits of fish, such as predator-prey mass ratios, individual prey mass, and the biomass contribution of different prey to predator diets. The functional groupings and feeding traits provided here help to further resolve our understanding of interactions within marine food webs and support the use of trait-based indicators in biodiversity assessments. The data used and predictions generated in this study are published on the Cefas Data Hub at: https://doi.org/10.14466/CefasDataHub.149 (Thompson et al., 2024).
Evaluating the effects of topography and land use change on hydrological signatures: a comparative study of two adjacent watersheds
Authors: Liu Haifan , Yan Haochen , Guan Mingfu
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Watershed hydrological processes are significantly influenced by land use/land cover change (LULCC) and watershed characteristics such as topography. This study comparatively investigates the impacts of terrain slope and urbanization-driven LULCC on hydrological processes in two adjacent subtropical watersheds but with distinct terrain and land-cover conditions within the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China. We developed an Integrated Surface-Subsurface Hydrological Model (ISSHM) using the Simulator for Hydrologic Unstructured Domains (SHUD), which was calibrated using data from river and groundwater flow monitoring stations in the watersheds. The calibrated model facilitated simulations to assess how terrain slope and LULCC affect surface runoff, subsurface flow, evapotranspiration (ET), and infiltration. Our results indicate that slope impacts hydrological processes differently in watersheds with varying characteristics. In mountainous areas, there are consistent high correlations between slope and annual surface runoff, infiltration, and subsurface flow across all watersheds. However, at lower elevations, the hydrological responses of steeper watersheds correlate weakly with local slope. Furthermore, urbanization (increase in impervious areas) has led to significant increases in annual surface runoff and significant decreases in annual infiltration and ET across all watersheds, especially in those with steeper slopes. On the other hand, in watersheds with gentler slopes, the annual increase in surface runoff is less than the percentage increase in impervious area, suggesting a buffering capacity of these flatter watersheds against urbanization. However, this buffering capacity is diminishing with increasing annual rainfall intensity.
Assessing the cumulative impact of on-farm reservoirs on modeled surface hydrology
Authors: Perin Vinicius , Tulbure Mirela G. , Fang Shiqi , Arumugam Sankarasubramanian , Reba Michele L. , Yaeger Mary
Published: June 2024

Abstract. On-farm reservoirs (OFRs) are essential water bodies to meet global irrigation needs. Farmers use OFRs to store water from precipitation and runoff during the rainy season to irrigate their crops during the dry season. Despite their importance to crop irrigation, OFRs can have a cumulative impact on surface hydrology by decreasing flow and peak flow. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge on the spatial and temporal variability of the OFRs' impacts. Therefore, to gain novel understanding on the cumulative impact of OFRs on surface hydrology, here we propose a novel framework that integrates a top-down data driven remote sensing-based algorithm with physically-based models by leveraging the latest developments in the Soil Water Assessment Tool+ (SWAT+). We assessed the impact of OFRs in a watershed located in eastern Arkansas, the third most irrigated state in the USA. Our results show that the presence of OFRs in the watershed decreased annual flow on average between 14 and 24 %, and the mean reduction in peak flow varied between 43 and 60 %. In addition, the cumulative impact of the OFRs was not equally distributed across the watershed, and it varied according to the OFR spatial distribution, and their storage capacity. The results of this study and the proposed framework can support water agencies with information on the cumulative impact of OFRs, aiming to support surface water resources management. This is relevant as the number of OFRs is expected to increase globally as an adaptation to climate change under severe drought conditions.
Ponerse a sembrar
Authors: Perego Stefano
Published: June 2024

Institución dedicada a la educación e instrucción de un clero conforme a la visión tridentina del sacerdocio, el Seminario es el fruto eclesial de un largo camino, cuyas etapas merecen ser investigadas para recoger algunas luces y conocer a los protagonistas que fueron haciendo madurar la decisión del Concilio, que en julio de 1563 colocó el canon Cum adolescentium aetas entre los decretos para la reforma de la Iglesia. A lo largo de las distintas etapas del Concilio, la necesidad de tener un vivero –seminarium– de vocaciones pasó a primer plano gracias a los cardenales Morone y Pole en diálogo con la Compañía de Jesús y con Carlos Borromeo. Empezando por la de Larino, entre las primeras fundaciones destacan por su ejemplaridad las de Roma y Milán, esta última marcada por la alternancia de jesuitas y oblatos.
Formación y teología
Authors: Scanziani Francesco
Published: June 2024

Este artículo aborda el papel del estudio de la teología en la formación seminarística. Partiendo de una rápida mirada histórica, desenmascara la contraposición de la teología con la espiritualidad y la pastoral, para mostrar –a través de una concepción integral de la teología y del concepto más reciente de formación como actividad transformadora– la intrínseca relación con las otras dimensiones del itinerario formativo (humana, espiritual y pastoral) y con su finalidad común, propiamente cristiana: la conformación con Cristo.