bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of plasmonic lens distribution on flight characteristics in rotational near-field photolithography
Authors: Ji Jiaxin , Chen Jiying , Xu Pengfei , Li Jing , Hu Yueqiang , Meng Yonggang
Published: November 2019

Rotational near-field photolithography exposes photoresists by exciting surface plasmon polaritons to realize nanopatterns with ultrahigh-resolution beyond the diffraction limit. This feature enables broad application prospects in the micro-nanomanufacturing field. The lithography flight head, carrying a plasmonic lens (PL), with an approximately 10 nm spacer from the substrate, is the core of the system for effective etching. This paper investigates the flight state of a PL-loaded lithography head on the air film, based on computational fluid dynamics analysis. We found that the influence of the PL on the flight height produces an edge effect. This means that a PL fabricated on the edge region can significantly affect the flight height of the head. By processing the PL at a distance of 10 μm from the edge of the slider tail block, a steady 37 nm linewidth depth pattern was finally realized, using a rotational near-field photolithography system.
An ultrafast quartz crystal microbalance based on a frequency comb approach delivers sub-millisecond time resolution
Authors: Meyer Frederick , Langhoff Arne , Arnau Antonio , Johannsmann Diethelm , Reviakine Ilya
Published: November 2019

Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCMD) is a simple and versatile sensing technique with applications in a wide variety of academic and industrial fields, most notably electrochemistry, biophysics, quality control, and environmental monitoring. QCMD is limited by a relatively poor time resolution, which is of the order of seconds with conventional instrument designs at the noise level usually required. In this work, we present a design of an ultrafast QCMD with submillisecond time resolution. It is based on a frequency comb approach applied to a high-fundamental-frequency (HFF) resonator through a multifrequency lock-in amplifier. The combination allows us to reach data acquisition rates >10 kHz. We illustrate the method using a toy model of a glass sphere dropped on the resonator surfaces, bare or coated with liposomes, in liquid. We discuss some interesting features of the results obtained with the dropped spheres, such as bending of the HFF resonators due to the impact, sphere bouncing (or the absence of it), and contact aging.
Spatial evolution of small wavelength fluctuations in a Hall Thruster
Authors: Brown Zachariah A. , Jorns Benjamin A.
Published: November 2019

The spatial evolution of small wavelength (<1 cm) fluctuations in the Hall direction of a 9-kW class magnetically shielded Hall effect thruster is experimentally characterized. High-speed electrostatic probes are used to measure plasma density perturbations in the acceleration region and near field plume of this cross field device. Two types of waves are observed: broadband turbulence in the low hundreds of kilohertz and megahertz oscillations characterized by distinct peaks in the measured power spectrum. The lower frequency content is shown to be commensurate with linear ion acousticlike waves, while the higher frequency oscillations are indicative of cyclotron resonances. It is found that the higher frequency content dominates the power spectrum in the upstream acceleration zone and saturates at a fraction (<0.002) of the thermal energy. Downstream of this region, the lower frequency content becomes dominant, growing until the total wave energy again saturates. It is proposed that both the upstream and downstream modes are the same oscillation, the electron drift instability, but in different limits. The transition from upstream to downstream dispersion may be explained by the electron drift instability undergoing an inverse energy cascade as it forms and propagates with the ion drift in the discharge.
A comprehensive study on the mechanism of ferroelectric phase formation in hafnia-zirconia nanolaminates and superlattices
Authors: Park Min Hyuk , Kim Han Joon , Lee Gwangyeop , Park Jaehong , Lee Young Hwan , Kim Yu Jin , Moon Taehwan , Kim Keum Do , Hyun Seung Dam , Park Hyun Woo , Chang Hye Jung , Choi Jung-Hae , Hwang Cheol Seong
Published: November 2019

Many applications, most notably memory and optical devices use ferroelectric materials. For many years the evolution of the field has revolved around understanding the materials science behind complex structures like artificial superlattices based mainly on perovskite-structure oxides. The recent discovery of ferroelectricity in fluorite-structure oxides has opened a new research direction. However, the formation of unstable or metastable phases in atomic layer deposited fluorite oxides has inhibited a full understanding of the origin of ferroelectricity in these materials. This work reports a comprehensive study of the structural and electrical properties of HfO2 and ZrO2 nanolaminates and superlattices of various layering combinations and thicknesses. The structural investigations provide insight into how to optimize conditions during atomic layer deposition to avoid the formation of unstable phases. Investigations showed that the starting layer of the material, the thickness ratio between HfO2 and ZrO2 layers, and the single-layer thickness strongly effected the ferroelectric properties. The influence of single-layer thickness related most strongly to the presence of interfacial nonferroelectric layers between the HfO2 and ZrO2 deposits. These features make the structures highly promising candidates for next-generation memory applications. Potentially other fluorite-structure oxides might also function as building blocks for nanolaminates and superlattices.
Perovskite light-emitting diodes for uniform eight-segment displays
Authors: Zhang Jia , Wang Congcong , Shen Xinyu , Lu Min , Guo Jie , Bai Xue , Zhang Yu , Yu William W.
Published: November 2019

With the development of the display technology, there are higher requirements for color saturation and vividness. As a base unit, light-emitting diode (LED) has become a primary object of study. Perovskite quantum dots with high photoluminescence quantum yield, narrow emission, and wide color gamut have attracted special attention in recent years. Although LEDs based on perovskite exhibit excellent performance, there are few applications of perovskite LEDs in display. Herein, LEDs based on CsPbI3 perovskite were used as basic units for fabricating eight-segment LED displays. The LEDs exhibited a luminance of 780 cd/m2 and an external quantum efficiency of 6%. The current-density and luminance vs driving voltage confirms the uniformity of these LEDs in the eight segments, which will promote the application of perovskite nanocrystalline LEDs in the field of full color display.
Thermal phase fluctuations in optically pumped dual-frequency vertical external-cavity surface-emitting lasers for cesium clocks based on coherent population trapping
Authors: Gredat G. , Liu H. , Bretenaker F.
Published: November 2019

A fully analytical model is established for the thermal fluctuations of the beatnote phase of an optically pumped dual-frequency vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL). This model starts with the resolution of the heat equation inside the semiconductor chip structure and follows with the evaluation of the induced thermo-optic phase shift. Both the fluctuations of the heat induced by the optical pumping and the thermodynamic fluctuations at room temperature are considered. On the one hand, the thermal response of the structure is investigated and a significant thermal lens effect caused by the pump is deduced. On the other hand, the power spectral density of the frequency noise is calculated in the presence of diffusion spatial anisotropy. The present model is in very good agreement with the phase noise measured for a dual-frequency VECSEL at 852 nm for application to metrology and the validity of the usual low-pass filter model is discussed.
Patchy particles at a hard wall: Orientation-dependent bonding
Authors: Teixeira P. I. C. , Sciortino F.
Published: November 2019

The well-known and widely used Wertheim thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT) of associating fluids averages over the orientational dependence of the bonding interactions. For this reason, density functional theories based on the otherwise very successful TPT have been unable to describe the structure of patchy particle fluids at hard walls, when the coupling of positional and orientational degrees of freedom becomes important at low temperatures [N. Gnan et al., J. Chem. Phys. 137, 084704 (2012)]. As a first attempt at remedying this, we propose to introduce into the theory an additional, nonbonding, anisotropic interparticle potential that enforces end-to-end alignment of two-patch particles. Within the simplest mean-field approximation, this additional potential does not change the thermodynamics of the bulk system and hence preserves its phase diagram but has the qualitatively correct effect on the order parameter and density profiles at a hard wall, as determined from computer simulation.
Chemical trend in the electronic structure of Fe-doped III–V semiconductors and possible origin of ferromagnetism: A first-principles study
Authors: Sakamoto Shoya , Fujimori Atsushi
Published: November 2019

The electronic structures of Fe-doped III–V semiconductors were studied by first-principles supercell calculation. It was found that their electronic structures are basically the same as those of Mn-doped ones except that the extra electron of Fe compared to Mn occupies either majority-spin p-d hybridized antibonding states (ta,↑) or minority-spin e states (e↓), and that the center of gravity of the d partial density of states is higher for Fe than for Mn. The present calculations suggest that ferromagnetism appears when the e↓ states start to be occupied. The band splitting due to s–d hybridization was found to be significantly smaller than that due to p-d hybridization. This indicates that the s,p-d exchange interaction is not responsible for the high-temperature ferromagnetism of the Fe-doped ferromagnetic semiconductors even in n-type compounds.
Universal formulation of central-moments-based lattice Boltzmann method with external forcing for the simulation of multiphysics phenomena
Authors: De Rosis Alessandro , Huang Rongzong , Coreixas Christophe
Published: November 2019

The cascaded or central-moments-based lattice Boltzmann method (CM-LBM) is a robust alternative to the more conventional Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook-LBM for the simulation of high-Reynolds number flows. Unfortunately, its original formulation makes its extension to a broader range of physics quite difficult. In addition, it relies on CMs that are derived in an ad hoc manner, i.e., by mimicking those of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution to ensure their Galilean invariance a posteriori. This work aims at tackling both issues by deriving Galilean invariant CMs in a systematic and a priori manner, thanks to the Hermite polynomial expansion framework. More specifically, the proposed formalism fully takes advantage of the D3Q27 discretization by relying on the corresponding set of 27 Hermite polynomials (up to the sixth-order) for the derivation of both the discrete equilibrium state and the forcing term in an a priori manner. Furthermore, while keeping the numerical properties of the original CM-LBM, this work leads to a compact and simple algorithm, representing a universal methodology based on CMs and external forcing within the lattice Boltzmann framework. To support these statements, mathematical derivations and a comparative study with four other forcing schemes are provided. The universal nature of the proposed methodology is eventually proved through the simulation of single phase, multiphase (using both pseudopotential and color-gradient formulations), and magnetohydrodynamic flows.
Quartz tuning fork—A potential low temperature thermometer in high magnetic fields
Authors: Človečko M. , Skyba P.
Published: November 2019

We present the performance of commercial quartz tuning forks (QTFs) operating at resonance frequencies of 32 kHz, 77 kHz, and 100 kHz in the temperature range below 1 K and in high magnetic fields up to 7.5 T. We show that characteristics of the quartz tuning forks, in particular, the normalized QTF resonance frequency, manifest a universal temperature dependence, which is independent of the magnetic field strength. This feature makes the QTFs very promising low temperature thermometers in high magnetic fields in the temperature range below 1 K having the B/T ratio up to 1000. We also discuss the physical origin of the observed dependencies.
Leveraging local MP2 to reduce basis set superposition errors: An efficient first-principles based force-field for carbon dioxide
Authors: Yuan Ying , Ma Zhonghua , Wang Feng
Published: November 2019

Pairwise additive model potentials for CO2 were developed by fitting to gradients computed with the local second order Møller Plesset Perturbation theory (LMP2) method, with and without consideration of 3-body dispersion using adaptive force matching. Without fitting to experiments, all models gave good predictions of properties of CO2, such as the density-temperature diagram, diffusion constants, and radial distribution functions. For the prediction of vibrational spectra, the inclusion of a bond-bond coupling term has been shown to be important. The CO2 models developed only have pairwise additive terms, thus allowing microsecond time scale simulations to be performed with practical computational cost. LMP2 performed significantly better than second order Møller Plesset Perturbation theory (MP2) for the development of the CO2 model. This is attributed to the appreciable reduction in the basis set superposition error when the localized method was used. It is argued that LMP2 is a more appropriate method than MP2 for force matching for systems where the basis set superposition error is large.
The triplet mechanism of electron spin polarization in moderately coupled triplet-doublet rigid complexes as a source of the enhanced +1/2 ↔ −1/2 transitions
Authors: Kandrashkin Yuri E. , van der Est Art
Published: November 2019

The light-induced electron spin polarization generated in the excited quartet and doublet states of a system consisting of a chromophore with an attached radical is investigated theoretically. Excitation of the chromophore and subsequent relaxation leads to a coupled triplet-doublet spin system. In many such systems, the electronic coupling between the triplet and doublet spins is expected to be strong enough to split the spin system into so-called trip-doublet and trip-quartet states but sufficiently weak that it does not promote significant mixing between the sing-doublet and trip-doublet states. In such moderately coupled systems, the sing-doublet can relax to the trip-doublet and trip-quartet states by spin-orbit coupling mediated intersystem crossing within the chromophore. An analytical expression is derived for the intensity of the polarization generated by this mechanism for the ms = +1/2 ↔ −1/2 electron paramagnetic resonance transitions of the trip-doublet and trip-quartet states. The expression shows that the intensity and sign of the polarization depend strongly on ratio jω = 3J/ω0 between the triplet-doublet exchange interaction J and the Zeeman energy ω0. The polarization becomes undefined when jω = 1 and when jω = 2 because level-anticrossings between the trip-doublet and trip-quartet sublevels occur. The sign of the polarization is also found to change above and below these values. Thus, for such moderately coupled systems, the sign of the polarization and its Zeeman energy dependence can be used to estimate the magnitude of the exchange coupling.
Neutrophils promote VLA-4–dependent B cell antigen presentation and accumulation within the meninges during neuroinflammation
Authors: Parker Harp Chelsea R. , Archambault Angela S. , Cheung Matthew , Williams Jesse W. , Czepielewski Rafael S. , Duncker Patrick C. , Kilgore Aaron J. , Miller Aidan T. , Segal Benjamin M. , Kim Alfred H. J. , Randolph Gwendalyn J. , Wu Gregory F.
Published: November 2019

The success of B cell depletion therapies and identification of leptomeningeal ectopic lymphoid tissue (ELT) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has renewed interest in the antibody-independent pathogenic functions of B cells during neuroinflammation. The timing and location of B cell antigen presentation during MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) remain undefined. Using a new EAE system that incorporates temporal regulation of MHCII expression by myelin-specific B cells, we observed the rapid formation of large B cell clusters in the spinal cord subarachnoid space. Neutrophils preceded the accumulation of meningeal B cell clusters, and inhibition of CXCR2-mediated granulocyte trafficking to the central nervous system reduced pathogenic B cell clusters and disease severity. Further, B cell-restricted very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) deficiency abrogated EAE dependent on B cell antigen presentation. Together, our findings demonstrate that neutrophils coordinate VLA-4–dependent B cell accumulation within the meninges during neuroinflammation, a key early step in the formation of ELT observed in MS.
TFEB controls retromer expression in response to nutrient availability
Authors: Curnock Rachel , Calcagni Alessia , Ballabio Andrea , Cullen Peter J.
Published: November 2019

Endosomal recycling maintains the cell surface abundance of nutrient transporters for nutrient uptake, but how the cell integrates nutrient availability with recycling is less well understood. Here, in studying the recycling of human glutamine transporters ASCT2 (SLC1A5), LAT1 (SLC7A5), SNAT1 (SLC38A1), and SNAT2 (SLC38A2), we establish that following amino acid restriction, the adaptive delivery of SNAT2 to the cell surface relies on retromer, a master conductor of endosomal recycling. Upon complete amino acid starvation or selective glutamine depletion, we establish that retromer expression is upregulated by transcription factor EB (TFEB) and other members of the MiTF/TFE family of transcription factors through association with CLEAR elements in the promoters of the retromer genes VPS35 and VPS26A. TFEB regulation of retromer expression therefore supports adaptive nutrient acquisition through endosomal recycling.
Extensive dissemination and intraclonal maturation of HIV Env vaccine-induced B cell responses
Authors: Phad Ganesh E. , Pushparaj Pradeepa , Tran Karen , Dubrovskaya Viktoriya , Àdori Monika , Martinez-Murillo Paola , Vázquez Bernat Néstor , Singh Suruchi , Dionne Gilman , O’Dell Sijy , Bhullar Komal , Narang Sanjana , Sorini Chiara , Villablanca Eduardo J. , Sundling Christopher , Murrell Benjamin , Mascola John R. , Shapiro Lawrence , Pancera Marie , Martin Marcel , Corcoran Martin , Wyatt Richard T. , Karlsson Hedestam Gunilla B.
Published: November 2019

Well-ordered HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimers are prioritized for clinical evaluation, and there is a need for an improved understanding about how elicited B cell responses evolve following immunization. To accomplish this, we prime-boosted rhesus macaques with clade C NFL trimers and identified 180 unique Ab lineages from ∼1,000 single-sorted Env-specific memory B cells. We traced all lineages in high-throughput heavy chain (HC) repertoire (Rep-seq) data generated from multiple immune compartments and time points and expressed several as monoclonal Abs (mAbs). Our results revealed broad dissemination and high levels of somatic hypermutation (SHM) of most lineages, including tier 2 virus neutralizing lineages, following boosting. SHM was highest in the Ab complementarity determining regions (CDRs) but also surprisingly high in the framework regions (FRs), especially FR3. Our results demonstrate the capacity of the immune system to affinity-mature large numbers of Env-specific B cell lineages simultaneously, supporting the use of regimens consisting of repeated boosts to improve each Ab, even those belonging to less expanded lineages.
Detection and Location of a Target in Layered Media by Snapshot Time Reversal and Reverse Time Migration Mixed Method*
Authors: Yang Hong-Juan , Li Jian , Gao Xiang , Ma Jun , Li Jun-Hong , Wang Wen , Wang Cheng-Hao
Published: November 2019

A target in layered medium can be located by the ridge-like distribution time reversal and reverse time migration (TR-RTM) mixed method. However, this method cannot distinguish between acoustic field distributions of the interface and target for the wider acoustic pulse signals, which may result in inaccurate location of the target. A snapshot TR-RTM mixed method is proposed to solve this problem. The principle of snapshot TR-RTM mixed method is first given. Experiments are then carried out, and a mountain-like acoustic field distribution is obtained by processing experimental data. The results show that the location of the peak is that of the target, and the ratio of the scattered signal and interface reflection signal (signal-to-interference ratio) is improved by about four times after processing. Furthermore, this method can effectively suppress the interface reflection signal and enhance the target scattering signal. Therefore, it can achieve effective detection and location of a target in a layered medium.
Fe-Doped All-Boron Fullerene B40 with Tunable Electronic and Magnetic Properties as Single Molecular Devices*
Authors: Xie An-Zhi , Wen Tian-Zhen , Li Ji-Ling
Published: November 2019

Systematic theoretical calculations are performed to investigate the dopant effect of Fe on stability, electronic and magnetic properties of the newly synthesized all-boron fullerene B40. The results reveal that as a typical ferromagnetic element, Fe atoms can either be chemically externally adsorbed on, or internally encapsulated in the cage of B40, with the binding energies ranging from 3.07 to 5.31 eV/atom. By introducing the dopant states from the doped Fe atom, the energy gaps of the Fe-doped B40-based metallofullerenes are decreased. Our spin-polarized calculations indicate that Fe-doped metallofullerenes have attractive magnetic properties: with alternative binary magnetic moments between 4.00μ

B
and 2.00μ

B
, depending on the resident sites of the doped Fe atom. The findings of the tunable electronic properties and binary magnetic moments of the Fe-doped B40-based metallofullerenes imply that this type of metallofullerene may be applied in single molecular devices.
Modeling of the production size using Fuzzy-Mamdani Logic to support green engineering: A zinc sheets industrial case study
Authors: Mangngenre S , Bahri S , Mardin F , Hanafi R , Asmal S , Fasra M F
Published: November 2019

Production planning is a tactical scheme in the supply chain management of product that aims to provide optimal solutions based on the inventory stock of the company in terms of fulfilling the production demand. The variable of demand, supply, and production amount is used in this research as an input to determine the production by the implementation of Fuzzy-Mamdani Logic (FML). This research aims to obtain the optimal production and supply planning for several periods, which later comparing the total cost through the Fuzzy-Mamdani Logic implementation with the method used by the company. The objects for this research are the 7’ and 10’ big-corrugation types of zinc sheets manufactured by PT Y, which is the highest demand product of the company. The result shows that the implementation of FML outlined as an appropriate solution for the decision making to determine the production amount. The amount production itself for the 7’ and 10’ big-corrugation type of zinc sheets during June 2017 - May 2018 were 663,700 and 640,400 quantities for each model, while production in June 2017 was only 18,100 and 32,800 quantities.
Design of the emission measuring equipment of air pollution index based on real time
Authors: Aly S H , Hustim M , Zakaria R
Published: November 2019

This study aims to design a prototype of portable measuring instrument to measure the emission concentration of air pollution index and to easily access data from the portable measuring devices in real time. The model of this tool is compact using five sensors. The operating system of the sensor started from the power supply giving each voltage of 5 volts to the microcontroller, the sensor reads the concentration value of emissions in the air and the analogue data processed by a microcontroller converted into digital data. Microcontroller dispatch to digital data as output displayed on SD Card, TV, and LCD displays. The results of this study is the prototype of a practical emission measuring portable device with a small dimensions of 8 cm × 15 cm and low power usage. The emission concentrations displayed are PM10, SO2, CO, O3, and NO2 via internet-based smartphones or laptops in real time.
Urban planting for mitigating adverse urbanization impacts
Authors: Iswoyo H , Dariati T , Nurfaida  , Herdjiono M V I
Published: November 2019

Urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon which poses both opportunity and problem for urban areas. Potential for development becomes more significant as the population grows, especially in developing countries. Various perspectives see the phenomenon differently. Economists might see that this development is preferable, while environmentalists and medical people see it is more problematic than beneficial. This paper presents research-based documents and literature regarding urban development with its implication on the urban environment and humans’ health. It also suggested efforts to mitigate the impact of the inevitable urbanization, i.e., urban planting. Abundant scientific evidence confirms the benefits of urban planting to humans’ health and well-being. The virtues of urban vegetation resulted in the rise of concept for urban development that accommodates the existence of greeneries with all its attributes. Among the two most popular are the green networks and ecological network.
Response of determinate and semi-determinate soybean on dolomite liming
Authors: Bahrun A H , Mantja K , Suhesty E , Pongkendek J J
Published: November 2019

This paper presents results of a study aimed to determine the effect of dolomite calcification on growth and production of the determinate and semi-determinate type of soybean (Glycine max L.). The study was designed in a 2-factor factorial experiment in a randomized block design. The first factor consisted of two growing types of soybean: variety of Baluran as a determinate type, and variety of Orba as a semi-determinate type. The second factor consisted of five levels of dolomite lime applications, namely: 0 kg ha-1, 500 kg ha-1, 1,000 kg ha-1, 1,500 kg ha-1, and 2,000 kg ha-1. The results showed that the semi-determinate soybean type of Orba variety produced the highest average plant height (49.97 cm), the highest number of branches (3.29), the highest number of pods per plant (44.95), heaviest weight of pods per plot (671.80 g), the lowest percentage of empty pods (5.60%), the heaviest weight of seeds per plot (501.87g) and the heaviest weight of seeds per hectare (1,206.40 kg). Application of 2,000 kg ha-1 dolomite lime at the age of 56 dap produced the highest plants (52.13 cm), the highest number of leaves (13.00 strands), the earliest flowering age of 50% (36 days), the highest number of productive branches (3.08), highest number of pods per plant (53.33), widest leaf canopy after flowering (45.38 cm), heaviest pod weight per plot (761.32 g), lowest percentage of empty pods (3.90%), heaviest seed weight per plot (630.12 g) and highest seed weight per hectare (1,514.71 kg). The Semi-determinate type Orba variety gave the heaviest weight of 1,000 seeds at a dose of 1,500 kg ha-1 dolomite.
Histopathological study of hepatopancreas and kidney of butini fish (Glossogobius matanensis) in Matano Lake, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, caused by metal contamination
Authors: Andini N S , Anshary H , Wahyuni  , Putra A , Sari D K
Published: November 2019

Butini fish (Glossogobius matanensis) is one of the most endemic species of freshwater fish that lives in Matano Lake. The purpose of this study was to determine the histopathology of hepatopancreas and kidney from butini fish. The samples used were six Butini fishes with a size of approximately 18.5–20.5 cm. Organ preparations (hepatopancreas and kidneys) were fixed using 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF), dehydrated using multilevel alcohol, embedded using paraffin, cut with a thickness of 5 μm, stained using Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) then covered for microscopic observation. Data analysis used was qualitative descriptive. Measurement of metal content of Matano Lake water showed nickel content of <0.0184 mg/L, iron 0.0238 mg/L, zinc 0.0491 mg/L, and copper <0.0136 mg/L. Histopathological study on hepatopancreas showed fat degeneration and cell necrotic, while kidney showed renal tubular lysis, basal membrane detached, and cell necrotic. Thus, the high concentration of metal was thought to be related to the abnormal tissue of fish organs observed in this study.
Factor XI Deficiency (FXID) alleles distribution in dairy cow population in Enrekang regency, South Sulawesi
Authors: Mutmainnah  , Rahim L , Bugiwati S R A , Dagong M I A
Published: November 2019

Factor XI Deficiency (FXID) is a genetic defect due to an autosomal recessive allele in dairy cows, thus cause a large economic and productivity loss in livestock. The purpose of this study was to identify the distribution of recessive alleles of FXID in dairy cows in Enrekang regency using the PCR method. A total of 80 DNA samples were isolated from the FH dairy cow blood sample collected from the Enrekang dairy farms (50 samples from Cendana district and 30 samples from Anggeraja District). All DNA samples were amplified by the PCR technique. The identification of the FXID carrier allele was calculated based on the genotype and allele frequencies. Results showed that 1 of 50 samples from Cendana district was FXID heterozygous while none of 30 samples from Anggeraja district showed FXID alleles. This study concluded that there was a normal heterozygous (Ff) FXID carrier in dairy cow population in Enrekang Regency with the allele frequency was 1.25%.
Development of a novel validated method for aflatoxin analysis on edible bird nest
Authors: Yusuf B , Satria G D , Pangestiningsih T W , Haryanto A , Wijayanto H , Wijayanti A D , Kawamura O
Published: November 2019

Edible bird nest (EBN) is an excellent export commodity from Indonesia and South East Asia countries. To keep the quality assurance of EBN, aflatoxin analysis should be conducted to check its biological hazard. This research was conducted to develop a rapid, sensitive and validated method to detect aflatoxin contamination in EBN. This study showed that in-house AF.2 IAC containing AF.2 monoclonal antibody can be used for EBN sample clean-up. Validation methods were measured using parameters which were recovery (86.5-96.3% for AFB1, 87.8-98.5% for AFB2, 82.8-100.5 for AFG1, 79.8-94.3% for AFG2), intra-day repeatability RSD (⩽ 6.4% for all aflatoxins), linearity (⩾ 0.99997 for all aflatoxins), limit of detection (0.26 ng/g for AFB1, 0.04 ng/g AFB2, 0.26 ng/g for AFG1, 0.03 ng/g for AFG2) and limit of quantification (0.79 ng/g for AFB1, 0.13 ng/g AFB2, 0.81 ng/g for AFG1, 0.09 ng/g for AFG2). These results showed that both recovery test of spiked PBS and recovery test of 3-level aflatoxin concentration spiked IBN were good, thus in-house AF.2 IAC can be used to analyze aflatoxins in EBN. Based on validation parameters such as recovery test, intra-day repeatability, linearity, LOD, and LOQ which had been tested, our method can be used for validated method for aflatoxin analysis in EBN. Further analysis of aflatoxins in edible bird nest will be reported separately.
Community forests’ management in the Saddang watershed
Authors: Faradiba A V , Millang S , Rijal S
Published: November 2019

This study aims to identify and analyze the socio-economic characteristics of the community, which then are used to formulate a sustainable community forest management strategy. This article analyses the livelihood profile and the implementation of community forest management by using fishbone analysis and gap analysis. The results obtained in this study are members of farmer groups in general livelihood as a farmer which lack of education. The age of farmers are generally classified as productive age. The average number of dependents household is 3-6 people (72,58%), and the total average income of community forest management yield is around IDR 1,158,582 – IDR 1,411,748 per month. The highest revenue earned from honey commodity is IDR 600,000 – IDR 1,050,000 per month and from palm sugar commodity is IDR 900,000 – IDR 1,000,000 per month. The management strategy of community forest in Saddang watershed formulated in this research is the utilization of multi-purpose tree species by developing business unit managed by forest farmer groups based on creative economy and increasing the capacity of community farmer group members through mentoring and training.
Local wisdom application of Tobelo dalam community in its relation with a national parks in North Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Putri W F , Mahbub A S , Dassir M
Published: November 2019

Local wisdom and local knowledge are very influential on the life of the Tobelo dalam community in the role of forest management and conservation, especially in the context of forest conservation in Aketajawe Lolobata National Park. We observed that there is a strong relationship within the community still rely on forest resources for subsistence, medicine, and livelihoods. We used observation and in-depth interview to describe the particular forms of local wisdom in forest management and its relation within forest conservation in Aketajawe Lolobata National Park. We particularly observe how the community interact with the particular management of Aketajawe block in the park, or local community in the Tayawi Village on managing their land-use system, the system of labor, and utilization of non-timber forest products in the context of making informal collaboration. The results showed that the existence of local wisdom on forest management is manifested by enforcing rules and sanctions. The belief system is inherently manifested through informal collaboration between the government and the Tobelo community. The involvement of the local community on the park’s tourism activities is also one example. They contribute as the local guides and play a role in the aspects of security and cleanliness of tourist activities.
Exploration of bacteria associated with chili peppers’ rhizosphere and their capacity to absorb and produce gibberellin hormone
Authors: Masniawaty  , Mustari K , Astuti  , Gusmiaty  , Larekeng H , Yani A , Rahim I
Published: November 2019

Plant rhizospheric zone is a narrow soil region were rich in microbes. Microbes are of capacity to dissolve phosphate. Phosphate (P) is the second essential component after N, which plays a crucial part in photosynthesis and root development. P is difficult to dissolve due to strong bonding with compounds in the soil. Here, we explored rhizospheric bacteria around chili peppers’ roots area. The bacteria were isolated and purified on solid media. The bacterial isolates were then quantitatively assayed for their capacity to dissolve phosphate using Pikovskaya liquid medium consisted of Ca3(PO4)2 as Phosphate source. Moreover, the capacity to produce Gibberellin hormone was also evaluated using Borrow et al. method. The assays revealed that phosphate concentration produced by rhizospheric bacteria of chili pepper ranged from 19.0 to 58.8 μg/L. Meanwhile, gibberellin concentration ranged from 5.81 - 12.79 μg/L. Our results present that bacteria inoculated from roots and roots area of chili pepper are potential as Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria.vThe first section in your paper.
Determination of zeolite absorption effectiveness in different activation temperature in the coconut oil refining
Authors: Zainal  , Laga A , Sitorus R Z S , Djalal M
Published: November 2019

Coconut is one of the popular tropic and subtropical tree, especially in Asia. Some of the coconut oil produced in Indonesia is still a crude oil processed with heating that strongly lowering the quality of the oil. The general objective of this research is to increase the clarity of oil in the filtration process that thus improve the quality of coconut oil. The specific purpose of this study was to obtain the most effective heating temperature in the activation zeolite to be applied in coconut oil purification. The method used for refining is degumming followed with filtration with zeolite activated in different temperature. Observation parameters in this study were clarity level, water content, free fatty acids, and yield. From the result, we conclude that the most effective temperature for zeolite activation is 100°C resulted in coconut oil with a clarity level of 99.35T, the water level of 0.014, FFA of 0.005, and yield of 81.62%.
Analyses on helicopter deck under axial and bending
Authors: Setiawan A E , Ashury  , Alie M Z M , Amin A
Published: November 2019

Helicopter deck is one of the structural components on offshore structures. It is very important to transfer especially workman from the land to sea and vice versa. The helideck must be strongly designed for safety not only for human but also for the structure itself. The objective of the present study is to analyze the helicopter deck under axial and bending including the behavior. The nonlinear finite element is adopted to analyze the helicopter deck under axial and bending. The helicopter deck consists of four legs and the plate of the deck is supported by these legs. Three kinds of helicopter, namely Dauphin, Super Puma and EH101 having weight 4.3 ton, 9.3 ton and 14.6 ton, respectively. It is found that the stress on the helicopter deck varies for every load pressure of the helicopter.
Fatigue life analysis on Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO)
Authors: Sunang P T , Siburian R , Juswan  , Alie M Z M , Kaikatui R N
Published: November 2019

Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) is the mobile offshore structure like a ship where the wave load acts on the ship’s hull periodically. The influence of the cyclic load must be analyzed for the fatigue life of the FPSO. The objective of the present study is to analyze the fatigue life of the FPSO. Two models of FPSO are taken to be analyzed. To calculate fatigue life, JONSWAP wave spectrum is adopted. Then, calculate the Response Amplitude Operator (RAO) to obtain the stress response of the spectra. Based on the stress response spectra calculation, the zero and second moment may be determined using Simpson’s rule. The stress cycle can also be obtained and the failure cycle is determined from the S-N curve. From the S-N curve, the X parameter is used for the main parameter. According to this, the fatigue life of FPSO can be obtained.
The role of coral triangle initiative on coral reefs, fisheries, and food securities in Indonesia’s environmental conservation
Authors: Linggi P P , Burhanuddin A
Published: November 2019

This study aims to assess the role of CTI-CFF in handling marine ecosystem problems that include coral reef conservation, fisheries, and food security in Indonesia. To achieve the objective, the research method used is a qualitative study using library research data collection techniques. The result of this study indicates that the role of CTI-CFF in environmental conservation in Indonesia can be divided into three aspects of CFF itself namely on coral reefs, fisheries and food security. A number of conservation efforts have been carried out with the implementation of national action plan and have significant impacts on the sustainability of society and the environment. On coral reefs issues, CTI-CFF runs particular programs namely CTI-COREMAP and Marine Protected Areas (MPA). On fisheries issues, CTI-CFF has a particular program called Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM). CTI-CFF in Indonesia plays an important role in implementing the strategic steps of the regional action plan which is later adopted into the national plan of actions. These plans are used as a parameter of the involvement of the CTI-CFF in efforts to save marine ecosystems in Indonesia.
Contextual progressive: study of fisheries practices and consequences to the environment
Authors: Lampe M , Munsi H , Adam A F
Published: November 2019

This article aims to explain how to apply the approach to action and consequences with a progressive contextual explanation mode in the study of marine fisheries resource use practices in fishing communities. This approach is part of an effort to develop a critical study of human ecology. The approach with an explanation mode would like to explain empirically and progressively the patterns of fishing practices and the environmental and resource consequences of marine fisheries caused (positive, negative) in the context of their internal and external and historical socio-cultural influences. The approach with explanation mode rejects assumptions from various perspectives of previous anthropological theories which tend to be ideal, essentialist, general and abstract, totalist, and a priori, which are not or less able to see the phenomenon of variation, the role of individuals and parts, processes, openness system, change, temporal and context. Through the application of the approaches and explanatory modes, the complexity of the practices of the various fishing categories of Pulau Sembilan (Sinjai) which are used as illustrations can be understood empirically, contextually, and holistically as they are.
Agribusiness development economic study of seaweed
Authors: Busthanul N , Diansari P , Summase I , Amiruddin A , Lanuhu N , Viantika N M , Yusuf S , Permadi M G
Published: November 2019

Specific targets for this study is to increase the income of seaweed farmers through increasing regional competitiveness in South Sulawesi Province and an arrangement for alternative policy patterns in the development of seaweed agribusiness in Bulukumba Regency. The research location is in Bulukumba Regency which one of the centers of seaweed production in South Sulawesi Province. This research was descriptive qualitative-quantitative research. The survey research method was used as the basis of the research design. Data collection was carried out using individual interviews and in-depth interviews through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) for socio-economic institutions of seaweed farmers, policymakers and stakeholders. The results showed that the feasibility level of seaweed farming was quite high even though there were variations between regions. The variation in the lower level of profitability of farming in the Bonto Bahari Sub District area which is allegedly caused by the pollution impact caused by the operation of an asphalt processing plant in the local seaweed cultivation area. The institution of seaweed farmers has not yet functioned well even though there are still farmers who do not have a group. It is recommended to develop the seaweed business both in scale and the number of its business units and to conduct a special study of the role of institutions and the environmental impacts that are allegedly caused by asphalt processing plants.
Rice Price Ceiling (HET) regulation’s effect toward rice’s inflation rate in South Sulawesi
Authors: Putri A T , Darma R , Fudjaja L , Arsyad M , Amiruddin A
Published: November 2019

This study discusses to analyze the highest retail price policy for rice retailers released by the Minister of Trade in September 2017 against the rate of rice sales, in South Sulawesi Province. This study used three cities that were considered to represent South Sulawesi in a comparative calculation: Makassar City, Pare-pare City and Bone District. All variables are analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression. These variables are rice stocks, rice price margins, real exchange rates, and exchange rates of each region. Data is taken from April 2016 to December 2018 and uses calculated from month to month. The conclusion. This is evidenced by 4 of the six equations that are agreed by the dummy variable value of each equation. Therefore, the government must return this policy to reach a level that can be entered below the expected target.
Alternative social environment policy through educational values in Kafi’a’s customary speech to the kaledupa community of Wakatobi Island, Indonesia
Authors: Djamudi N L , Nurlaela M , Yurfiah  , Nazar A , Nuryadin C , Susiati  , Musywirah I , Sari H
Published: November 2019

The research aims to reveal various expressions that contain educational values in the expression kafi’a (marriage) in the Kaledupa community of Wakatobi Island. The method used is descriptive qualitative to factually describe data on educational values in the expression. The technique used is the recording technique and note and introspection. The data analysis technique uses steps according to the sociology approach of language. The results of the data analysis showed that in the process of kafi’a starting from the pre-marriage stage to the post-marriage stage researchers found 30 expressions containing 3 types of educational values, namely the value of moral education, the value of religious education, and the value of social education. The researcher is very optimistic that the three values of education are very appropriate to be used as an alternative formulation of policy solutions for social disturbances.
Diagnosis of basic chemistry II in student program study of the chemistry of FMIPA UNIMED
Authors: Siregar L F , Marpaung D N , Pongkendek J J
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the extent of mastery of students of the chemistry education program FMIPA UNIMED on basic chemical material II on the subject of redox and electrochemistry, chemical and radiochemical kinetics. The population in this study was at the same time a sample of education students in the 2016 class of the FMIPA UNIMED chemistry education program totaling 108 people. The instruments used were multiple-choice test questions and questionnaires. The results of the study showed that 108 students of the 2016 chemistry education program FMIPA UNIMED obtained that the level of mastery of students in solving basic chemical questions II on the subject of redox and electrochemistry, chemical kinetics, radiochemistry is low, namely students who have a high mastery level 0 (0%) Based on the cognitive aspects of students on knowledge questions (C1), 14 (12.96%) students had a high level of mastery. On the question of cognitive aspects of students on understanding questions (C2), 5 (04.63%) students have a high level of mastery. For the question of cognitive aspects of the application (C3), 25 (23.15%) students had a high level of mastery. For the cognitive aspects of analysis (C4), 2 (01.85%) students have a high level of mastery. From the results of the student questionnaire answers that students feel the difficulty of learning basic chemistry, especially on the subject of redox and electrocima, chemical and radiochemical kinetics. Reading the interest and motivation of students to study basic chemistry II is still low.