bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AUTOMATIC MUSIC COMPOSITION USING GENETIC ALGORITHM AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Abu Doush Iyad , Sawalha Ayah S
Published: June 2022

The aim of this paper is to automatically compose new pleasing music from randomly generated notes without human intervention. To achieve this goal, Genetic Algorithm was implemented to generate random notes. The Neural Network was trained on a set of melodies to learn their regularity of patterns and then it is used as a fitness evaluator for the generated music from the Genetic Algorithm. Four Genetic Algorithms (using different combinations of tournament, roulette-wheel selections and one-point, two-point crossovers) were used in generating music to compare them according to which one is the most suitable for music composition. The experiments show that using tournament selection and two-point crossover produces better music patterns than using other combinations by 57%. The experiments show that the generated music was good and the results were promising. For evaluation, 10 music experts were asked to listen and evaluate four samples of the generated music; two of them were evaluated high from the Neural Network and two were evaluated low. Then we compared their results with the results from the Neural Network. The results show that the error rate for Neural Network was 16.7% and accuracy was 83.3%.
IDENTIFICATION OF FEATURES IN PREDICTING PROMINENT MALAY WORDS USING DECISION TREE
Authors: Tiun Sabrina , Hong Liew Siaw
Published: June 2022

Predicting word prominence is a major topic in the field of speech synthesis where predicting prominent words is necessary to produce a natural-sounding speech synthesis. In our previous work, marking prominent words in a speech corpus is required to select the most suitable unit for speech synthesis; however, given that marking is performed manually, building a large speech corpus will be expensive in terms of labor and time-consuming. Thus, predicting prominent words automatically for which features represent an important aspect is required. This study presents an experimental work on identifying features (including part-of-speech (POS) sequence, phrasal break, and word position) in predicting prominent Malay words using decision tree and WEKA feature selection correlation method. Results show that using the decision tree for predicting prominent words (Precision = 85.0%, Recall = 84.2%, and F-measure = 83.5%) is optimal when the phrasal break is omitted as a feature. In addition, the results (Precision = 66.40%, Recall = 67.2%, and F-measure = 66.60%) are poorest when the POS sequence is excluded from the features. Therefore, this study concludes that phrasal break is a weak (noisy) feature, whereas POS sequence is an important feature in predicting prominent Malay words.
SEMI-FRAGILE WATERMARKING SCHEME FOR RELATIONAL DATABASE TAMPER DETECTION
Authors: Arif Shah Saeed , Ali Khan Imran , Hassan Kazmi Syed Zaki , Binti Md Nasaruddin Fariza Hanum
Published: June 2022

Most of data over the Internet today is hosted on outsourced third-party servers which are not trusted. Sometimes data is to be distributed to other organizations or individuals for pre-agreed use. In both of these scenarios data is susceptible to malicious tampering so there is a need for some mechanism to verify database integrity. Moreover, the authentication process should be able to differentiate between valid updates and malicious modifications. In this paper, we present a novel semi-fragile watermarking scheme for relational database integrity verification. Besides detection and localization of database tampering, the proposed scheme allows modifications to the data that need periodic updates, without requiring re-watermarking. Watermark embedding is distortion free, as it is done by adjusting the text case of selected data values resulting in retention of semantic meaning of data. Additionally, group-based embedding ensures the localization of tampering up to group level. We implemented a proof of concept application of our watermarking technique. Theoretical analysis and experiments show that even a single value modification can be detected with very high probability besides detection of attacks like tuple insertion and tuple deletion.
IMPROVED ANTLION OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR QUADRATIC ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM
Authors: Kılıç Haydar , Yuzgec Ugur Y
Published: June 2022

The Antlion Optimization (ALO) algorithm is a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm based on the hunting of ants by antlions. The basic inadequacy of this algorithm is that it has long run time because of the random walk model used for the ant's movement. We improved some mechanisms in ALO algorithm, such as ants' random walking, reproduction, sliding ants towards antlion, elitism, and selection procedure. This proposed algorithm is called Improved Antlion Optimization (IALO) algorithm. To show the performance of the proposed IALO algorithm, we used different measurement metrics, such as mean best, standard deviation, optimality, accuracy, CPU time, and number of function evaluations (NFE). The proposed IALO algorithm was tested for different benchmark test functions taken from the literature. There are no studies regarding time analysis of ALO algorithm found in the literature. This study firstly aims to demonstrate the success of the proposed IALO algorithm especially in runtime analysis. Secondly, the IALO algorithm was also applied to the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) known as a difficult combinatorial optimization problem. In QAP tests, the performance of the IALO algorithm was compared with the performances of the classic ALO algorithm and 14 well-known and recent meta-heuristic algorithms. The results of the benchmark test functions show that IALO algorithm is able to provide very competitive results in terms of mean best/standard deviation, optimality, accuracy, CPU time and NFE metrics. The CPU time results prove that IALO algorithm is faster than the classic ALO algorithm. As a result of the QAP tests, the proposed IALO algorithm has the best performance according to the mean cost, worst cost and standard deviation. The source codes of QAP with the proposed IALO algorithm are publicly available at https://github.com/uguryuzgec/QAP-with-IALO.
SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYTICS USING SENTIMENT AND CONTENT ANALYSES ON THE 2018 MALAYSIA’S GENERAL ELECTION
Authors: Balakrishnan Vimala , Kaity Mohammed , Abdul Rahim Hajar A , Ismail Nazari
Published: June 2022

This study analysed the political use of Twitter during the 2018 Malaysian General Election (GE14), using sentiment and content analyses to examine the patterns in online communication among urban Malaysians. Specifically, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine and Random Forest were used for sentiment analysis for the English tweets, with the results compared against two vectorization approaches. Content analysis involving human experts was used for the Malay tweets. Top trending hashtags were used to fetch tweets from April 15, 2018 to May 14, 2018, resulting in a curated corpus of 190 224 tweets. Naïve Bayes used along with Word2Vec outperformed all the other models with an accuracy of 63.7%, 66.8% and 64.9% for pre-GE14, GE14 and post-GE14, respectively. Generally, results indicate the majority of the sentiments to be positive in nature, followed by negative and neutral during pre-GE14, GE14 day and post-GE14 for the English speakers. Though similar sentiments were observed for the Malay speakers, the majority of their sentiments on election day were negative (i.e. 42%) as opposed to the English speakers (i.e. 31%).
REDUCING INTERRUPTS AMONG ROBOTS IN QUANTUM-BEHAVED SWARM EXPLORATION WITH MR-LEACH
Authors: Azizul Hasan Zati Hakim , Fattah Mehiar Duaa Abdel , Loo Chu Kiong
Published: June 2022

A quantum-behaved robot exploration algorithm such as the Quantum Robotic Darwinian Particle Swarm Optimization (QRDPSO) gives stable swarm movement in unstructured conditions but suffers from communication interruptions. This paper examines the Multi-hop Routing with Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (MR-LEACH) to improve the inter-connectivity in the QRDPSO. The MR-LEACH identifies partitions in the network into multi-hop network paths. The multi-hop network paths allow all robots to exchange information without unnecessarily restricting the swarm’s range explicitly. As a result, the QRDPSO with MR-LEACH shows seamless inter-connectivity among the robots, lowering power consumption and increasing robots’ lifetime. Interestingly, this paper also shows that the QRDPSO can reach a faster optimal solution when adopting other communication protocols such as the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) communication schema. However, swarm endurance and reduced robot loss are considered vital resources over convergence speed for a swarm robot exploration in unstructured scenarios, such as search and rescue missions.
Transformaciones de las mujeres, las comunidades y la universidad, a partir de una experiencia de aprendizaje con tecnología solar
Authors: Peña-Vargas Vilma
Published: June 2022

El artículo comunica la historia del proyecto UNED Mujeres de Luz, mediante una reflexión personal y de cómo la UNED hace parte de una historia que inició con tres mujeres de los pueblos originarios que fueron becadas para asistir a la Universidad de los Pies Descalzos, una universidad en Tilonia, India. En el proceso, la UNED llega como la primera universidad a Alto Carona, comunidad ubicada en las montañas del territorio Conte-Burica, en el sur del país, cercano a la frontera con Panamá. El proyecto tiene como objetivo iluminar, con paneles solares, a más de 200 familias habitantes del territorio Conte-Burica, habitado por población de tradición étnica y cultural Ngäbe o Ngöbe. En el proceso, se iluminan con energía sus casas, tienen energía sus dispositivos, pero otros procesos también permiten iluminar a las mujeres, a las comunidades y a la universidad. En conclusión, los procesos de aprendizaje e intercambio de saberes nos iluminan, son urgentes, necesarios y la vía legítima para la transformación social.
Editorial: New developments in corporate governance research
Authors: Alsaid Loai Ali
Published: June 2022

On behalf of the editorial team, we are pleased to present to you this special issue of the Journal of Governance and Regulation (Volume 11, Issue 2, 2022). In this issue of the journal, elite scholars and studies feed our current literature on “corporate governance” (CG) with new research directions that are paving the way toward future research hopes and prospects. This special issue of the journal has seen a ‘special appearance’ of a number of new governance and regulation trends, especially regarding strategic frameworks, finance performance, regulations during the coronavirus pandemic, audit committees, and economic growth among others.
Esofagitis erosiva secundaria a radioterapia: reporte de un caso.
Authors: Calderón Franco Carlos Hernán , Muñoz Cerón Jaime Giovanny , Giraldo RIncon Daniela , Marin Castro Hailyn Andrea , Quintero Cuellar Eliana Andrea , Piñeros Torres Angela Maria
Published: June 2022

Introducción: la esofagitis erosiva secundaria a la radioterapia es una complicación inusual del tratamiento oncológico de los tumores torácicos. Esta entidad patológica está asociada con múltiples complicaciones, lo que resulta un reto clínico para los profesionales en salud que están poco familiarizados con las manifestaciones clínicas.

Caso clínico: mujer de 64 años con cuadro clínico de 3 días de dolor torácico irradiado al epigastrio con intensidad 10/10. En el examen físico se encontró taquicárdica, hipotensa, con dolor intenso en la región hemiabdominal superior; a la palpación profunda no tenía signos de irritación peritoneal. Los paraclínicos no mostraron signos de infección local o diseminada, pero la endoscopia de vías digestivas reportó esofagitis posirradiación.

Discusión: la esofagitis erosiva posterior a la radioterapia se presenta en menos del 1 % de los casos, las manifestaciones clínicas como disfagia, odinofagia y dolor abdominal son frecuentes; el manejo sintomático inicial es conservado, con medidas de soporte como hidratación intravenosa e inhibidores de la bomba de protones (IBP). En caso de intolerancia a la vía oral se indica terapia con soporte nutricional por sonda nasogástrica o gastrostomía en los casos más graves.
Infinitely many solutions for quasilinear schr\”{o}dinger equation with general superlinear nonlinearity
Authors: Li Jiameng , Chen Huiwen , He Zhimin , Ouyang Zigen
Published: June 2022

In this article, we study the quasilinear
Schr\”{o}dinger equation
\begin{eqnarray*} \begin{array}{ll}
\triangle{u}+V(x)u-\triangle(u^2)u=g(x,u),
\ x\in\mathbb{R}^N,
\end{array} \end{eqnarray*} where the
potential $V(x)$ and the primitive of $g(x,u)$ is allowed to be
sign-changing. Under more general superlinear conditions on $g$, we
obtain the existence of infinitely many nontrivial solutions by using
Mountain Pass Theorem. Recent results in the literature are
significantly improved.
Opposite trends in biomass distributions of two freshwater species under climate change
Authors: WU Qianqian , Zhou Jinxin , Komoto Tatsuya , Ishikawa Toshiyuki , Goto Naoshige , Sakata Masayuki , Kitazawa Daisuke , Minamoto Toshifumi
Published: June 2022

Changes in the thermal structure of lake ecosystems have been documented
as a precursor of climate change, but the dynamics of biomass
distribution, which fundamentally determines species conservation, have
been less studied. An interdisciplinary approach was used to demonstrate
the influence of climate-driven changes on the biomass distribution of
two species (Gymnogobius isaza and Palaemon paucidens) in
Lake Biwa. In field surveys in 2016–2017 (full water circulation) and
2019 (partial water circulation), environmental DNA concentrations of
these species were used as proxies for biomass to measure 43 and 47
sites sampled at the lake bottom, respectively. A structural equation
model was used to estimate the correlation between species biomass and
environmental parameters. The species-environment relationship was
applied to species biomass distributions under existing and future
environments calculated by the model. Differences between the species
were found in their responses to climate change. The biomass
distribution of G. isaza will benefit in the future if full water
circulation occurs, although it appears to be independent of water
circulation at present. Partial water circulation enlarges the
distribution area of P. paucidens, but its biomass will be low in
the future, regardless of the extent of water circulation. These
findings advance the knowledge of how species respond to climate change
and suggest special attention should be given to species such as
P. paucidens, which is currently abundant but sensitive to
climate change. Furthermore, they emphasize the potential application of
interdisciplinary methodologies for improved species conservation.
Survival effect of complete surgical resection of the primary tumour in patients with metastatic, high-risk neuroblastoma in a large Canadian cohort
Authors: Seemann Natashia M. , Erker Craig , Irwin Meredith , Lopushinsky Steven R. , Kulkarni Ketan , Fernandez Conrad , Romao Rodrigo
Published: June 2022

Purpose : To determine whether extent of surgical resection of
the primary tumour correlates with survival in patients with
International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stage 4, high-risk
neuroblastoma. Methods : Data were extracted for patients with
newly diagnosed INSS stage 4, high-risk neuroblastoma between 2001-2019
from the national Cancer in Young People in Canada (CYPC) database.
Complete resection was defined as gross total resection of primary
tumour based on operative reports. Primary endpoints were 3 and 5-year
event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Survival analyses were
completed using log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression
including covariates of age, sex, decade of treatment (2001-2009 vs.
2010-2019), immunotherapy, and tandem stem-cell transplant (SCT).
Results : One-hundred and forty patients with complete surgical
data were included. On univariate analysis, 3-year EFS and OS for
patients that had complete vs. incomplete resection was 71% (95% CI
57-80%) vs. 48% (36-60%) and 86% (75-93%) vs. 64% (51-74%),
p=0.008 and p=0.002, respectively. 5-year EFS and OS for patients with
complete resection also demonstrated significantly improved survival. On
Cox Proportional Hazards models adjusted for age, immunotherapy, tandem
SCT and surgical resection, only complete resection was associated with
statistically significant improved 3 yr EFS and OS, HR=0.48 (0.29-0.81;
p=0.006) and HR=0.42 (0.24-0.73; p=0.002). Conclusions : In a
large Canadian INSS stage 4 high-risk neuroblastoma cohort, complete
surgical resection was associated with increased EFS and OS. Within the
constraints of a retrospective study, these results suggest that the
ability to achieve primary tumor complete resection in patients with
metastatic high-risk disease is associated with improved survival.
Prolonged Remission in Multiple Relapsed MLL-rearranged Infant B-ALL with Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
Authors: Lattupally Akhila , Lorenzana Adonis , Yanik Gregory , Bell Danielle
Published: June 2022

MLL-rearranged (MLL-r) infant Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an
aggressive leukemia with poor prognosis and poor response to
conventional chemotherapy. Inotuzumab Ozogamicin (InO) is approved to
treat relapsed ALL, typically as a bridge to more curative therapy. Here
we present a case of prolonged MRD negative remission using Inotuzumab,
in a patient with heavily treated, multiple relapsed, MLL-r infant ALL.
InO should be considered as an alternative therapy for
relapsed/refractory CD22+ infant ALL, either as a bridge to curative
therapy, or as an option for life prolongation therapies.
Flagellate dermatoses associated with myocarditis in Adult-onset Still's disease
Authors: Toujani Sana , Belhassen Asma , Ouni Amira El , Bouslama Kamel
Published: June 2022

A 23-year-old woman followed for adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD)
presented fever and chest pain. Clinical examination showed erythematous
papules suggestive of flagellate dermatoses. Laboratory findings showed
increased Cardiac troponin. Myocarditis due to AOSD was therefore
suspected. The patient was treated with prednisone and methotrexate with
significant clinical improvement.
LEFT ATRIAL WALL DISSECTION AFTER ON-PUMP CORONARY SURGERY
Authors: Villaescusa-Catalan Jose Manuel , Romero-Molina Salvador , Al-Houssaini Walid , Lavreshin Alexey
Published: June 2022

Atrial dissection is an uncommon entity after cardiac surgery. There is
not an extensive knowledge about pathophysiology, clinical presentation
and management. We report the case of a 65 year-old male who after
triple myocardial revascularization bypass suffered a left atrial
dissecition. We chose a conservative manegement and close follow up.
Paraventricular nucleus-central amygdala oxytocinergic projection modulates pain-induced anxiety-like behaviours in mice
Authors: Li Yujie , Du Weijia , Liu Rui , Zan Gui-Ying , Ye Binglu , Sheng Zhihao , Yuan Yawei , Song Yujie , Liu Jinggen , Liu Zhiqiang
Published: June 2022

Background and Purpose: Anxiety disorders associated with pain are a
common health problem. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly
understood. We aimed to investigate the role of paraventricular nucleus
(PVN)-central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) oxytocinergic projections in
anxiety-like behaviours induced by inflammatory pain. Experimental
Approach: Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain
model was used to induce the anxiety-like behaviours. Chemogenetic,
optogenetic and fibre photometry recordings were used to modulate and
record the activity of the oxytocinergic projections of the PVN-CeA. Key
Results: Inflammatory pain induced anxiety-like behaviours in mice
accompanied by decreased activity of PVN oxytocin neurons. Chemogenetic
activation of PVN oxytocin neurons prevented pain-related anxiety-like
behaviours, whereas inhibition of PVN oxytocin neurons induced
anxiety-like behaviours in naive mice. PVN oxytocin neurons projected
directly to the CeA, and microinjection of oxytocin into the CeA blocked
anxiety-like behaviours. Inflammatory pain also decreased the activity
of CeA neurons, and optogenetic activation of PVNoxytocin -CeA circuits
prevented anxiety-like behaviour in response to inflammatory pain.
Conclusion and Implications: Our study suggests that oxytocin has
anti-anxiety effects and provides novel insights into the role of
PVN-CeA oxytocin projections in the regulation of anxiety-like
behaviours induced by inflammatory pain.
Effects of ketamine optical isomers, fluoxetine and naloxone on timing in differential reinforcement of low-rate response (DRL) 72-s task in rats
Authors: Malikowska-Racia Natalia , Golebiowska Joanna , Nikiforuk Agnieszka , Khoo Shaun , Popik Piotr
Published: June 2022

Background and Purpose: (S)-ketamine induced rapid-acting antidepressant
effects have revolutionized pharmacotherapy of major depression, however
this medication produces also psychotomimetic effects including timing
distortion. In contrast, (R)-ketamine appears to produce less of
dissociative effects, but its antidepressant actions were less studied.
It has been suggested that opioid receptors are involved in the
antidepressant effect of ketamine. In addition, recent report suggests
that while (S)-ketamine induced time underestimation, the (R)-isomer did
not affect timing. Experimental approach: (R)- and (S)-ketamine, and
fluoxetine as a positive control were tested in the
differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) 72-s schedule of
reinforcement in male rats following naloxone pretreatment. Several DRL
classic metrics as well as peak deviation analyses served to determine
antidepressant-like actions and those associated with timing. Key
Results: Antidepressant-like effect of (S)-ketamine (30-60 mg/kg)
resembled fluoxetine (2.5-10 mg/kg) actions. Fluoxetine and (S)-ketamine
increased reinforcement rate and peak location, suggesting increased
performance, reduced premature responses, suggesting time
underestimation and decreased Weber’s fraction, suggesting increased
timing precision. In contrast, (R)-ketamine (60 mg/kg) increased
reinforcement rate and peak location without affecting premature
responses. Only fluoxetine decreased burst responses, suggesting
decreased impulsivity. Naloxone pretreatment did not block ketamine
enantiomers’ actions, but unexpectedly, increased fluoxetine’
performance. Conclusions & Implications: Fluoxetine’ and (S)- but not
(R)- ketamine induced time underestimation could be associated with
their antidepressant effects. The potentiation of DRL performance of
fluoxetine by naloxone was unexpected and warrants further clinical
studies.
A large mycotic pseudo-aneurysm of ascending aorta after mitral valve replacement: - the Tinderbox
Authors: Minhas Harpreet Singh , Betigeri Vithalkumar , Sharma Rakesh , Virmani Sanjula , Bansal Ankit , Samal Satyajit
Published: June 2022

Pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta following cardiac surgery is a very
rare and life threatening entity due to risk of exsanguination from its
rupture. This is a case report of a 39 year old male patient who
presented with impending rupture of ascending aorta pseudoaneurysm
following mitral valve replacement. He underwent urgent reoperation
under femoro-femoral cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic
circulatory arrest. The pseudoaneurysm was excised and repaired with
pericardial patch. He was discharged after an uneventful postoperative
course.
NICE 2017 intrapartum fetal CTG interpretation guidelines- Examining its reliability among clinicians: A prospective observational study
Authors: Singhmor Priya , GHUMAN NAVDEEP , SINGH PRATIBHA , KATHURIA PRIYANKA , Sharma Charu , Mattew Priya , Jain Mayank , Shet Suma
Published: June 2022

Objective: Evaluation of the inter-observer and intra-observer agreement
for CTG interpretation by NICE guidelines 2017. Design: A hospital-based
Prospective observational study. Setting: The study was conducted at a
university teaching hospital Sample size: A total of 165 CTG tracings
from 165 laboring women were included in the study for interpretation by
6 clinicians with varying levels of experience in the specialty.
Methods: 6 clinicians (3 consultants & 3 residents in training)
independently interpreted CTG traces using NICE 2017 guidelines twice
with a locking period of 3 months between 2 interpretations. Main
outcome measure: Fleiss’s kappa and Cohen’s kappa coefficient was
employed for ascertaining interobserver and intraobserver agreement
using SPSS statistical software. Results: Among all CTG parameters,
observed agreement for baseline fetal heart was substantial
[k=0.678(0.677-0.679), p<0.0001] but the congruence for
variability was only slightly above the chance [0.185 (0.184-0.186),
p<0.0001]. Overall kappa coefficient was 0.382 (0.381-0.383)
with a p<0.0001 (moderate agreement) for classifying the CTG
category. The intra-observer agreement of most senior consultant for
baseline was nearly perfect (Kf=0.937) as compared to a kappa
coefficient of 0.367 of the junior-most resident. Conclusions: Different
CTG interpretation parameters were observed to have varying levels of
agreement among clinicians. Where experience was witnessed to improve
the agreement, the higher degree of non-congruence in certain CTG
parameters like variability, and type of decelerations may perhaps point
to the need for further objectivity in defining these parameters.
Elevated CO2 reduces juvenile Scophthalmus maximus growth and liver function in a recirculating aquaculture system
Authors: Guo Teng , Xu Shihong , Yu Jiachen , Liu Qinghua , Gao Guang , Li Jun , Wang Yanfeng
Published: June 2022

Elevated CO2 negatively affects marine fish. In a recirculating
aquaculture systems, we exposed juvenile Scophthalmus maximus, a
CO2¬-sensitive, high-value species , to CO2 at 0 mg/L (control), or at
8, 16, 24, or 32 mg/L, for 7, 14, 30, or 60 d. Cumulative survival
decreased significantly with increasing CO2 , to 68% at 32 mg/L. Weight
gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion rate differed
significantly between the control and maximum concentration. CO2 caused
histopathological damage. Plasma glutamate pyruvate transaminase and
glutamate oxalate transaminase were significantly and substantially
elevated at 24 and 32 mg/L CO¬2, relative to the control. At 32 mg/L,
hemoglobin was significantly reduced, and methemoglobin significantly
elevated , indicating reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. GHR, IGF-1,
IGF-1R, and THR expression were substantially lower at 32 mg/L than in
the control. For Scophthalmus maximus , these findings indicate that
elevated CO2 retards growth, impairs health, and causes metabolic
disorders, possibly by impairing liver function.
“Twice is Nice”: Secondhand clothing in today’s global world
Authors: Prosic-Dvornic Mirjana
Published: June 2022

Clothes, especially of high symbolic and/or material value, were always treasured and passed on to other users as gifts, heirlooms and legacies or given to charity, usually through religious institutions. Although secondhand clothing has a long history, it grew in volume and visibility with industrial revolution and the establishment of the consumer society, the driving force of capitalism. Desire to accumulate the new was always accompanied with the need to dispose of the old. Partly still maintaining charitable character, the global used-clothing exchange, starting with the 19th century rag trade international networks, has grown into a multi-billion- dollar commerce between the global North and the global South. While used clothes are still considered by some as trash, they can be a blessing to the world of the poor, a powerful (counter)-cultural declaration to some groups (e.g., hippies, grunge), or, if marketed as vintage, a deliberate fashion statement. Whatever the case, they present a ?hot? controversial topic. Nowadays, the way secondhand is viewed and used around the world, proves again that globalization is a creative process producing always new forms of hybridization. This paper presents a short history and diverse views of the phenomenon. The research was based on multi- sited participant observation and interviews over an extended period of time.
Dressing at the liturgy: The example of the Serbian Orthodox Church
Authors: Andjelkovic Biljana
Published: June 2022

This paper discusses the clothing of the Serbian Orthodox Church believers at
the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first century. The
main goal was to determine whether there is a desirable/ideal model of
clothing for SOC believers, at the liturgy as well as the type and degree of
deviation from it in the daily practice of believers. The paper is based on
ethnographic material collected during the last five years in churches and
monasteries throughout Serbia using the method of observation,
semi-structured questionnaire, informal conversation and the use of
information from Orthodox forums and websites.
What’s in a name: Definition of organised crime
Authors: Bulatovic Aleksandra , Jovanovic Nemanja
Published: June 2022

This paper provides an insight into the phenomenology of organised crime as a historical and contemporary experience, and discusses issues related to understanding and definitions. Since the social environment determines significance of organised crime in society, the paper highlights influence of political context in normative design of organised crime acts through the presentation of the genesis of criminal organisation. The paper also offers an analysis of the essential conceptual connections between various understanding of organised crime, primarily in the sense in which it is reflected in the norms, given that normative definitions of organised crime are typically influenced by the understanding of how organised crime generates social danger. By offering historical and anthropological overview of organised crime normative regulation, the authors seek to contribute to a deeper understanding of this socially destructive phenomenon and related challenges in social control state of affairs.
Severe hemophagocytic syndrome after intravesical BCG instillation with a fatal outcome
Authors: Stojanovic Stevan , Vojinov Sasa , Dimitric Zarko , Levakov Ivan , Jeremic Dimitrije , Lakic Tanja
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) after Bacillus Calmette-Gu?rin (BCG) immunotherapy is extremely rare in everyday practice. Only three cases of HS have been reported in the world until now. BCG is used for preventing the recurrence of superficial tumors of the urinary bladder. Severe complications after BCG immunotherapy are rarely seen. Case report. A 55-year-old patient was transferred to the Clinic for Urology after the second round of BCG immunotherapy, in bad condition, after transurethral resection of a bladder tumor. Computed tomography of the abdomen and lesser pelvis was performed, which did not indicate any clear signs of organ failure or disease. Antitubercular, antibiotic, corticosteroid, and symptomatic therapies were applied. The achieved effect of therapy was not satisfactory. HS after BCG immunotherapy was suspected. During further hospitalization, the patient?s already severe condition further deteriorated and became more complicated in the form of multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Death occurred on the sixth day of hospitalization. A urine culture test was performed post-mortem and three months later, it was positive for Mycobacterium xenopi. Conclusion. Secondary HS after BCG immunotherapy is an extremely rare disease accompanied by a severe general condition of the patient, with many life-threatening complications that can lead to death. We have presented a case of severe HS after BCG immunotherapy that caused the death of the patient. This case was unique because, for the first time, the possible causative agent was isolated ? Mycobacteria.
THE ANALYSIS OF 4C SKILLS REPRESENTATION IN ELEVENTH GRADE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL'S ENGLISH TEXTBOOK
Authors: I.M.A.A. Gunawan  , N.N. Padmadewi  , I.G.A.L.P. Utami
Published: June 2022

The present study aimed to analyze what 4C skills are represented in Eleventh-grade Senior High School’s textbook, dominant 4C skills represented, and the strategy of skills’ inserting. The textbook that was analyzed was entitled “Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA/SMK/MK Kelas 11” issued by the Ministry of Education and Culture Indonesia. This research used document analysis research design. Moreover, the subject includes text, images, and instructions contained in the textbook. The object examined includes the representation of 4C Skills (communication, collaboration, creativity and innovation, critical thinking and problem solving) in the textbook. The data was obtained through the checklist method to mark the representation of 4C skills in the textbook’s activity. Then, continued by in-depth methods to find out the strategy of skill inserting through the activity. The representation of the 4C skill can be seen through the instruction given in activities in the textbook. Furthermore, the textbook's dominant 4C skill is critical thinking and problem solving appear in 59 of 142 activities (41.55 percent), communication appears in 46 activities of 142 (32.39 percent), creativity and innovation appear in 20 activities of 142 (14.08 percent), and collaboration appears in only 17 activities of 142. (11.97 percent).
THE PROGRAM OF IMPLEMENTING BLENDED CHARACTER EDUCATION PROGRAM AT NORTH BALI BILINGUAL SCHOOL (NBBS) SINGARAJA
Authors: N.K. Juniari  , N.N. Padmadewi  , K.S. Dewi
Published: June 2022

This study was intended to investigate the implementation of blended character education program at North Bali Bilingual School (NBBS Singaraja), the teachers’ perception toward its implementation. The character education program in this study were focused on the five-character values of priority in the character education reinforcement program stated in the curriculum 2013. This study employed embedded mixed method design. The subjects of the study were a headmaster and two English teachers of NBBS. The data were collected through document study, interviews, and questionnaires. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to analyze the data. As the result, the study revealed that the character education at NBBS Singaraja was implemented effectively through various programs/activities such as: (a) praying activity and celebrating holy days were practiced to instill the character of religious. (b) house reading, project-based activity, and online-based learning were practiced to build the character of integrity (c) The character of self-directedness was implemented through weekly package tasks. (d) Other programs were also implemented to instill the character of nationalists such as flag ceremony and poster making, while (e) Earth day, children’s book week, and performing arts day were the activities of implementing the character of collaboration. Teachers’ perception towards character education implementation was positive. The English teachers had no disturbing challenges during the implementation of character education program. They found some challenges but they could handle it with patience, consistent supervision, guidance and repetition. They also believed that the programs were worth to be implemented since the they were useful for building and fostering students’ character and behavior, student’s English literacy and their academic development.
AN ANALYSIS OF CODE-MIXING USED BY THE INDONESIAN TOP SELEBGRAM IN SOCIAL-MEDIA IN PRODUCT ENDORSEMENT
Authors: K.T. Anggarini  , I.N.A.J. Putra  , N.K.A. Suwastini
Published: June 2022

This study aimed at: a) analyzing the types of code-mixing used by Indonesian top selebgram in social media in product endorsement; b) analyzing the reasons of code-mixing used by Indonesian top selebgram on her captions in product endorsement; c) analyzing the language used by the Indonesian top selebgram in product endorsement through her captions on Instagram. The sample of this study was a female selebgram namely Karin Novilda or well-known as @awkarin. The subject was chosen through purposive sampling who tend to use code-mixing within her posts in promoting product endorsement. The data were gathered through observation check-list which consisted of Instagram post including picture, date of posting, and captions from March to August 2021. The results indicated that, first, the most dominant type of code-mixing used was insertion; second, the most dominant reasons of the use of code-mixing was talking about particular topic; and third, directive speech acts appeared dominantly as the characteristics of the language in form of command, suggestion, invitation and also feeling expression of the subject. These findings have important contribution to see how the use of code-mixing assisted the Indonesian top selebgram in doing product promotion.
VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF TOMATO (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) INFLUENCED BY AERATED COMPOST TEA (ACT) FROM BROMELAIN LITTER INDUCED BY LIGNINOLITIC Trichoderma sp.
Authors: Rohmah Sela Habibu , Bambang Irawan  , Salman Farisi  , Yulianty
Published: June 2022

The pineapple waste increased by the rise of production in pineapple, one of increasing pineapple waste is pineapple pulp (bromelain litter). The bromelain litter will be disadvantage for the environment, this matter could be solved by converting bromelain litter into compost. The composting process in this study used ligninolytic fungus (Trichoderma sp.). Composting technology which currently has rapidly developed is Aerated Compost Tea (ACT) or a derivate product of compost. The use of this study was to ensure the best incubation period of ACT bromelain litter which induced by Trichoderma sp. fungus on the growth of tomato (L. esculentum Mill.). The study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments and 3 replications, namely: P0= control (without ACT), P1= ACT bromelain 24 hours, P2= ACT bromelain 48 hours, P3= ACT bromelain 72 hours, P4= ACT bromelain and leaf litter 24 hours, P5= ACT bromelain and leaf litter 48 hours, and P6= ACT bromelain and leaf litter 72 hours. The variables observed were number of leaves and plant chlorophyll content. The data obtained were analyzed with ANOVA at the level of 5 % and tested for the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the level of 5 %. The results of this study showed that ACT was induced by Trichoderma sp. fungus which effective for the vegetative growth of tomato (L. esculentum Mill.) is ACT bromelain litter with incubation period up to 72 hours (P3).
APPLICATION OF BROMELAIN LITTER SOLID COMPOST INDUCED BY LIGNINOLITIK Trichoderma sp. FUNGUS TOWARDS NUMBER OF LEAVES AND CHLOROPHYL CONTENT CHILI PLANTS (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Haura Jihan , Irawan Bambang , Farisi Salman , Yulianty Yulianty
Published: June 2022

Piles of uncontrolled pineapple peel waste have a negative impact that will affect various aspects of life, either directly or indirectly. Therefore, pineapple peel waste that can no longer be processed can be used for making compost. The taste of pineapple can be degraded biologically with the help of enzymes that can be produced by microorganisms. One of the microorganisms that can support the decomposition process is a group of fungi. In this study, the fungus Trichoderma sp. (Bioggp 5) is a ligninolytic fungus. Trichoderma sp. is a saprophytic soil microorganism that attacks natural pathogenic fungi and is beneficial to plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of solid bromelain compost inoculum of ligninolytic fungi (Trichoderma sp.) on leaf number and chlorophyll content of chili plants (Capsicum annum L.) and the best dose of compost that could be used. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments, namely T0 (control), T1 (1.4% pure bromelain), T2 (1.7% pure bromelain), T3 (2% pure bromelain), T4 (1, 4% bromelain + leaf litter), T5 (1.7% bromelain + leaf litter), T6 (2% bromelain + leaf litter). The parameters used were the number of leaves and chlorophyll content. And the results obtained from this study were the T3 dose (2% pure bromelain) was the best dose for the number of leaves, while the T2 dose (1.7% pure bromelain) was the best dose for chlorophyll content.
EVALUATION OF WATER QUALITY IN ANIMAL FEED FACTORY ENVIRONMENT BASED ON PLANKTON AND BENTHOS BIOINDICATORS
Authors: Yulinda Feni , Tugiyono  , Setiawan Agus , Rustiati Elly Lestari
Published: June 2022

Water is a source of life that plays an important role for all living things. Rivers are one of the water sources that are vulnerable to pollution. This study aimed to evaluate the water quality of the Way Napal river based on the diversity of plankton and benthos. The research was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021. Sampling and analysis were performed by field technicians from the SEAMEO BIOTROP Environmental Laboratory. Plankton diversity was calculated using the Shannon Weaver diversity index. The results showed that the phytoplankton diversity index at AP-1, AP-2, and AP-3 locations ranged between 2,080-2,278 these values had moderate biota stability and were included in the uncontaminated category. The zooplankton diversity index at the AP-1 location has a value of 1,119 with moderate biota stability and is included in the moderate category, while at the AP-2 and AP-3 locations it has a value of 0.925-0.995 with unstable biota diversity and is included in the highly polluted category. The Benthos diversity index ranges from 1.343 - 1.772 with moderate biota stability and is included in the moderately polluted category.
DETECTION OF NITROGENASE PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM THE SOIL OF LIWA BOTANICAL GARDEN
Authors: Ekowati Cristina Nugroho , Mirani Mica , Handayani Kusuma , Agustrina Rochmah
Published: June 2022

Liwa Botanical Gardens is an ex-situ conservation area for various types of plants. Each plant produces organic matter that will provide nutrients for the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This indicates the existence of an environment that supports the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Nitrogen is one of the nutrients needed by plants for their growth. However, the abundance of nitrogen in the atmosphere cannot be utilized directly by plants but needs to transform into ammonium and nitrate first. This transformation can be done by nitrogen-fixing bacteria through an enzymatic process. This research aims to obtain bacterial isolates that can fix nitrogen. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated using Nutrient Agar (NA) medium and furthered by nitrogenase activity detection test with semi-solid Nitrogen Free Bromothymol Blue (NFB). Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are characterized by color changes in the medium. The results obtained 22 isolates with 3 isolates detected capable of producing nitrogenase enzymes, namely TBP B3, TB1 B2, and TMA2 B2.
Students Considering Dropping Out: Comparing New and Experienced Students
Authors: Stamelos Georgios , Adamopoulou Anthi
Published: June 2022

Student dropout is a global phenomenon. For many reasons (individual, social, political, economic), it is considered a serious problem. The specialized bibliography usually deals either with all students or it focuses specifically on new students. However, there is not much comparative research on how to structure the thought of dropping out of university between new and experienced students. This is the aim of this text. Based on 1,029 students’ questionnaires, the quantitative study has shown that the way this thought is constructed is differentiated between new and experienced students. In other words, it is made up of a combination of different factors. For new students, the effect of the social representation ‘university’ and the motivation on the basis of this representation play a central role. On the contrary, when it comes to experienced students, the difficulties of university studies and especially the formulated perception of global student life seem to play the key role.
Factors Influencing Alcohol and Drug Abuse among Chuka University Students, Kenya
Authors: Kanga Benjamin M.
Published: June 2022

Alcohol and drugs abuse is on serious increase, especially among the youth in many parts of the World. It has been reported that the most affected persons by the challenge of alcohol and drugs abuse the world over are University students. In Kenya, the National Campaign against Drug Abuse (NACADA) report indicates that 84% of youth between 16 to 24 years are involved in alcohol and drug abuse. University students fall under this age bracket. To mitigate this NACADA requires that all universities in Kenya to have Alcohol and Drugs Abuse prevention committees and policies. This study aimed at finding out the causes of Alcohol and Drugs Abuse at Chuka University. The study employed a descriptive research design. The target population was 15,290 Chuka University students. Simple random sampling technique was employed to choose 384 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect data. statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 for windows was used to analyze data. Data was presented in frequency distribution tables, bar charts, and pie charts.
School Principals' Informal Criteria in Assessing Their Teachers: A Comparative Study
Authors: Lahiri Sudeshna , Yariv Eliezer , Butnaru Simona
Published: June 2022

Teacher appraisal is a necessary tool to manage staff, hire new candidates, and develop senior members. Principals use formal quantitative tools that reflect the competitive social environments in which schools operate. This study explores school principals' informal attitudes regarding the personal and professional traits they believe teachers should have or not have. Following Yariv's (2009) study we compare heads in four countries – Botswana, Romania, India, and Israel. Within a non-random convenience sampling, we held a short telephone interview (or written questionnaire) with 132 elementary and high school principals. The two most preferred traits in the entire sample were high motivation and accountability. As it turns out, school principals are less impressed by traits like professionalism or honesty. The two least preferred traits are the poorly motivated teachers and those who lack professional values and conduct. Phi and Cramer’s V test indicated a significant association between nationality and the traits of effective and ineffective teachers. The discussion analyzes the hierarchy of considerations principals maintain and the central role of the common characteristics of principalship upon national and cultural influences.
Self-assessment of ESL Learners’ Emotional Skills – A Study of Engineering Students
Authors: Saranya Chandrasekaran , Guduru Rajakumar
Published: June 2022

Emotional Intelligence refers to being aware of, controlling, and expressing emotions. Holistic education teaches students the critical aspects of emotional intelligence for personal, academic, and professional success. However, most students studying in urban and semi-urban engineering colleges and institutions are unaware of the importance of emotional intelligence for their personal, academic, and career development. In the post Covid-19 pandemic situation there is a need for improving students’ confidence in emotional or stressful situations especially when they live in a fear of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Therefore, the present study aimed to measure 100 ESL engineering students’ emotional intelligence in terms of the three psychological dimensions: emotional sensitivity, emotional maturity, and emotional competency. For this purpose, 100 participants (46 females and 54 males) from Mepco Schlenk Engineering College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India, were chosen for the study and were administered with Dr. Dalip Singh’s Emotional Quotient (EQ) Test. Statistical procedures for measuring the reliability and were used to analyse the data. The results showed that these students are good at emotional sensitivity, maturity and competency and there is no significant difference between the boys and girls in terms of possessing emotional intelligence skills. The study offers some implications to students and teachers.