bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pencarian Informasi oleh Foodie pada Foto Makanan di Instagram
Authors: Aprilia Monika Pretty
Published: June 2020

Information seeking reduces uncertainty. Information is needed by human for work needs and other daily activities. One of these activities is a hobby. Many people spend a lot of time and money when they seek information for a hobby rather than for work. Foodie is a person who loves food. Foodie is interested in learning and trying new food. When someone is called a foodie then they must be someone who loves to taste food. A foodie also needs information to be able to taste various food. Social media has become one of information sources used by foodie to get information that related to food. This research shows the process of information seeking by foodie on food photos in Instagram. This study used consumer behavior in the pre-purchase stage of service consumption from Tsiotsou and Wirtz’s theory. Its method was descriptive qualitative by interviewing five foodies who live in Jakarta. Research result shows that Instagram is the main source for foodie when they seek information that related to food such as dining place information.
Local Thermalization of Gluons in a Nonlinear Model
Authors: Wolschin Georg
Published: June 2020

Analytic solutions of a nonlinear boson diffusion equation account for the fast local equilibration of gluons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions using schematic initial conditions. The solutions describe the time-dependent approach to the Bose-Einstein equilibrium distribution with a local equilibration time of τeq ≈ 0.1 fm/c and central temperatures of the order of 500 – 600 MeV in the initial stages of Pb-Pb collisions at energies reached at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
Canonical Submersion and Lie Homomorphisms Normal Subgroup
Authors: Petrichenko Mikhail , Serow Dmitry W.
Published: June 2020

Normal subgroup module f (module over the ring F = [ f ] 1; 2-diffeomorphisms) coincides with the kernel Ker Lf derivations along the field. The core consists of the trivial homomorphism (integrals of the system v = x = f (t; x )) and bundles with zero switch group Lf , obtained from the condition ᐁ( ω × f ) = 0. There is the analog of the Liouville for trivial immersion. In this case, the core group Lf derivations along the field replenished elements V ( z ), such that ᐁz = ω × f. Hence, the core group Lf updated elements helicoid (spiral) bundles, in particular, such that f = ᐁU. System as an example Crocco shown that the canonical system does not permit the trivial embedding: the canonical system of equations are the closure of the class of systems that permit a submersion.
Bad Faith in Film Spectatorship
Authors: Pamerleau William
Published: June 2020

This article seeks to develop an under-appreciated aspect of spectator activity: the way in which viewers make use of film to enter or sustain a project of bad faith. Based on Jean-Paul Sartre's account of bad faith in Being and Nothingness (1943), the article explains the aspects of bad faith that are pertinent to viewer activity, then explores the way viewers can make use of filmic depictions to facilitate self-denial. For example, spectators may emphasize the fact that persons are depicted in narrow terms as corroboration for their belief that human nature is just as its depicted, thereby denying that we have the freedom to be otherwise. Or spectators may deny the relevance of problematic aspects of themselves when they find it depicted in characters who are admirable in other ways. I then consider whether films themselves can be described as being in bad faith. While technically they cannot, I identify ways that a film may encourage or discourage bad faith in viewers. I also examine how the immersive aspect of film enables viewers to turn attention away from themselves while they engage in self-denial. The case for this approach to viewer activity and film analysis is supplemented by a distinction between traits that do apply to film, e.g., being racist, sexist, or homophobic, and the resources it gives persons to be in bad faith about these social attitudes. I argue that a film can have traits like these while not encouraging bad faith and vice versa, demonstrating the unique perspective offered by approaching film and spectator activity in terms of bad faith.
Aesthetic Puzzlements: Jonas Mekas's Diary Films and Ludwig Wittgenstein
Authors: Jasinskaite Ieva
Published: June 2020

In this article, I argue that by considering Ludwig Wittgenstein's methods, we can better understand and appreciate Jonas Mekas's diary films. Based on Wittgenstein's notion of “aesthetic puzzlement”, I identify the main confusions encountered by the viewer upon watching Mekas's films, such as: 1) fragmentation; 2) persistent repetition; and 3) the importance placed on the everyday. I discuss three films –  Walden (1969), Lost Lost Lost (1976), and As I Was Moving Ahead Occasionally I Saw Brief Glimpses of Beauty (2000) – and demonstrate that the aesthetic puzzlements within them may be dissolved by looking at the format of Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations (1953). Mekas's lifelong interest in filming the most mundane and domestic scenes can be understood as a puzzlement in itself: why not just admire the ordinary whilst living in it? Wittgenstein's thought experiment in Culture and Value helps us understand the aesthetic puzzlement of Mekas's interest in filming, remembering and presenting an extensive array of everyday activities, and also explains why the viewer can find the most mundane and domestic activities in his films remarkable. Additionally, I discuss how Mekas's diary films may be regarded as coming close to Wittgenstein's aesthetic ideal of art as being able to represent “life itself”. I aim to show how Mekas's cinematic practice places extreme importance on ordinary acts and offers a mode of thinking which echoes Wittgenstein's own views on philosophy. I conclude with a discussion of “nomadism”, a notion that elucidates the peculiar form of the works of both Wittgenstein and Mekas.
Empty Time as Traumatic Duration: Towards a CinematicAevum
Authors: Fuery Kelli
Published: June 2020

Frank Kermode uses the term aevum to question the links between origin, order, and time, associating experience with spatial form. Without end or beginning, aevum identifies an intersubjective order of time where we participate in the “relation between the fictions by which we order our world and the increasing complexity of what we take to be the ‘real’ history of that world”; being “in-between” time is a primary quality of the aevum. Regarding cinema, aevum identifies this third duration as emotional experience, occuring as traumatic time. It facilitates thinking beyond lived temporal experience of everyday life to a philosophy of experience that accounts for alternative sensoria of time, similar to the traumatic encounter. The cinematic aevum is equally not of the material, corporeal world; concurrently associating human reality with the myths of the human condition. To say that a cinematic aevum exists following traumatic scenes, is to specify a visual “time-fiction” in film, to recognise a spatial form that belongs neither to the finite time of the film's narrative, or of the “eternal” time outside the film's diegesis, but participates in the order (and linking) of both. Wilfred Bion's psychoanalytic works are used to discuss the traumatic symptom of “empty time”: the inability to recollect, to make links between memory and experience, demonstrating a version of empty time that works as an external violence to spectator perception. Bion's theories offer fresh psychoanalytic perspective on trauma and its relationship to time by challenging classical ways of thinking about inner and outer perception.
Imitating the Obscene: Henry Higden's Versions of Horace's Satire 1.2 and Juvenal's Satire 6
Authors: Gillespie Stuart
Published: June 2020

Henry Higden has hitherto been known, if at all, for two works of English classical imitation: of Juvenal's Satire 13 (printed 1686) and Satire 10 (printed 1687), the second an influence on Dryden. Other than a failed stage play, these are Higden's sole recorded works. This article argues that he was also the author of two closely related imitations, probably also composed in the late 1680s but circulated anonymously, and both extant in manuscript copies. Higden's versions tend to make more rather than less emphatic the sexual content of these Latin poems, providing a reason why one who was called to the bar in 1686 and well known in polite circles would not have wished to claim them publicly as his work. A text of the 313-line Horatian imitation is printed for the first time within this contribution.
Screening of Bread Wheat Genotypes on Physiological and Agronomical Traits in High Temperature at Different Planting
Authors: Dev Washu , Geng Xiaoli , Hu Daowu , Memon Shabana , Abro Aamir A. , Memon Sadaf
Published: June 2020

The most crucial factors that reduce developments of plants are the Abiotic stresses. Among abiotic stresses, high temperature is the imperative factor that causes a reduction in crop growth and effect yield. Nowadays, the temperature of Pakistan has raised with approximately 500C, affecting the wheat crop from anthesis stage till maturity and hence, limiting the productivity of wheat. This study focuses on examining the effects of high temperature on wheat genotypes when planted with different sowing date viz. 10th November and 20th December of the year 2017-18, using Randomize Complete Bloch Design (RCBD). Product yield from both sowing dates (early and late) were observed with significant difference in all types of genotypes; for days 75% maturity, 1000-grains yield, grain yield (kg/ha-1), biological yield (kg/ha-1) and in some physiological characters such as area (cm2) of flag leaf, relative percent of water content ( %) and chlorophyll content % at the probability level P≤0.01 and probability level P≤0.05. The early and late planting revealed significant different recorded in RWC (%) and Leaf Area. The late sowing date, the trait RWC (%) shown non-significant result. The maximum reduction recorded in HYT 10 advance line for grain yield kg/ha-1, leaf area and RWC and in HYT 09 more reduction of chlorophyll content was observed. Hence, it was due to delayed planting effect and heat stress.
Halk Kütüphaneleri Personeli İçin Bir Sürekli Mesleki Eğitim ve Gelişim Modeli Önerisi
Authors: IŞIK Recep , OĞUZ Tülay
Published: June 2020

Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin çalışma yaşamında yarattığı değişimin de etkisiyle geleneksel hizmet içi eğitim yaklaşımı, artık yerini kurumsal gelişimin sürükleyici gücünün bireylerin fiziksel, sosyal, entelektüel/zihinsel verimliliğinin artırılmasına dayanan ve aşağıdan yukarıya yönelimli bir yaklaşım olan “sürekli mesleki eğitim ve gelişim” (SMEG)’e bırakmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım temelinde çalışmanın amacı; SMEG’in kavramsal çerçevesini ortaya koymak ve Türkiye’de halk kütüphanesi çalışanlarının SMEG’le uyumlu olarak gerçekleştirdikleri faaliyetleri, gereksinimlerini, eğilimlerini ve beklentilerini belirlemektir. Bu doğrultuda konuyla ilgili literatür çalışması yapılmış ve SMEG bağlamında iyi uygulama örneklerine değinilmiştir. Ayrıca anket yöntemiyle kütüphanecilik, arşivcilik, bilgi ve belge yönetimi lisans mezunu 325 halk kütüphanesi çalışanının bu konudaki görüşleri alınarak değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Buna göre katılımcıların büyük bir çoğunluğunun SMEG faaliyetlerini bir gereklilik olarak gördükleri ve SMEG faaliyetlerinin sürdürülebilmesi için merkezi bir birimin oluşturulmasını destekledikleri tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ve değerlendirmeler sonucunda halk kütüphaneleri personeli için mevcut kütüphane otomasyon sistemine entegre bir “SMEG modeli” tasarlanmıştır.
Validation of Metamizole, Thiamin and Pyridoxine Simultaneous Analysis Methods in Tablet Preparations Using HPLC
Authors: Maritha Vevi , Labasy Lukman
Published: June 2020

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate HPLC method for the simultaneous assay of metamizole, thiamine and pyridoxine in tablet. Metamizole is a substance that is easily hydrolyzed in the precence of water and oxygen. To inhibit the hydrolysis of metamizole during sample preparation prior to HPLC analysis, sodium sulfite is added and its optimum concentration was investigated. The chromatographic system includes a RP C8(2) column (150x4.6 mm, 5 µm particle size) in conjunction with Photo Diode Array (PDA) detector. The optimal chromatographic condition was obtained using a mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer 35mM pH 3.0: methanol (80:20), flowrate 1.0 ml/min, and 10 µl injection volume. The metamizole, thiamine and pyridoxine were detected at 275 nm and 361 nm for cyanocobalamin. The Hydrolysis of metamizole was successfully inhibited by adding solution containing 1.5 mg/mL sodium sulfite to solvent and 0.5 mg/mL sodium sulfite to mobile phase. The validation results indicate a good specificity and a linear detector responses with r>0.999. The accuracy (% recovery) for metamizole, thiamine and piridoxine were 100.26%; 99.09%; and 100.03%, respectively. The method yields good precision with RSD of metamizole, thiamine and pyridoxine were 2.0912%; 1.4489%; and 0.8418% respectively. In the robustness study, the small changes of mobile phase pH yielded unsymmetrical peaks and lower resolution. The validated method was successfully applied for simultaneous assay of metamizole, thiamine and pyridoxine in tablet.

Keywords: validation; metamizole; thiamine; pyridoxine; hydrolysis of metamizole; HPLC
Relationship Between Level of Knowledge, Attitude and Motivation of Breast Self Examination (BSE)
Authors: Sharief Suchi Avnalurini , Marhani Wa Ode
Published: June 2020

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death caused by cancer in women. Breast cancer (carcinoma mammae) is a condition in which cells have lost control and normal mechanisms, resulting in abnormal growth, rapid and uncontrolled that occurs in breast tissue. The only effective way to detect breast cancer early to date is only to detect as early as possible on the possibility of this disease, namely by doing Breast Self-Examination (BSE). This action is very important because almost 85% of breast lumps are found by the sufferers themselves. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitudes and motivation towards breast self-examination (BSE) in high school 9 Makassar students. This type of research was observational research with a cross sectional approach, using a sample of 182 class XI and XII students. The results of this study indicate there was no relationship between the level of knowledge of students with breast self-examination (BSE) (p-value = 0.065), there was a relationship between the attitude of students with breast self-examination (BSE) (p-value = 0.000) and there was a relationship between student motivation with breast self-examination (BSE) (p-value = 0.000). In conclusion, there is a relationship between students' attitudes and motivation towards breast self-examination (BSE) and there is no relationship between the level of knowledge of students and breast self-examination (BSE).

Keywords: knowledge; attitude; motivation; BSE
Satisfaction of Pregnant Women Toward Integrated Antenatal Care Service in Senduro Health Center, Lumajang in Decreasing MMR and IMR Based on Pregnant Mother’s Characteristics
Authors: Hidayati Aini , Munawir Al , Marchianti Ancah Caesarina Novi
Published: June 2020

Maternal Mortality Rate becomes a global issue because it is an important indicator in determining public health degree, so each country has responsibility to avoid maternal death. An effort in accelerating the decrease of MMR with pregnancy checkup program is well known as Integrated ANC service program. Integrated ANC service is a comprehensive and quality antenatal provided to all pregnant mothers temporally during pregnancy. This research was aimed to analyze the satisfaction level on pregnant mothers on Integration of ANC service decreasing MMR and IMR based on characteristic of pregnant mothers in Senduro Health Center of Lumajang Regency on 2019. Type of this research was descriptive analysis using quantitative approach. Questionnaire about satisfaction level of ANC service in Senduro Health Center of Lumajang Regency on September to October in 2019 was applied. It also took 670 populations of pregnant mothers coming to Senduro Health Center of Lumajang Regency. Samples were taken by using systematic random sampling. Samples taken were 109 respondents based on specified criteria. Data collection results were processed by employing Chi Square statistical test with a significant level of 0.05. The result of this research showed that most patients about 58 pregnant mothers (53.2%) were quite satisfied, 45 pregnant mothers or about 41.3% were very satisfied and 6 pregnant mothers or about 5.4% were still unsatisfied on the service provided. It could be concluded that 53.2% patients were quite satisfied to the Integrated ANC service in Senduro Health Center of Lumajang Regency.

Keywords: satisfaction; pregnant mother; ANC service
EXEGESIS OF REVELATION 20:1-10 ABOUT "THE MILLENNIAL KINGDOM "
Authors: Binar Sri , Laia Harman Ziduhu , Prasetyo Widi
Published: June 2020

This paper is about The Millennial Kingdom in Revelation 20: 1-10. By using the exegetical method which has nine steps of analysis (context, literary, structural, grammatical, lexical, historical/conceptual, theological and exegetical), the writer examines the meaning of the phrase inductively. The conclusions obtained are several things, which can be generally described that the phrase thousand years is about the existence of the kingdom of God on earth in the future, literally for a thousand years, where Christ as king was accompanied by his twelve disciples as judges. At that time, the condition of the earth was peaceful because there was no apostasy from Satan.
Data-Driven Analysis of Airport Security Checkpoint Operations
Authors: Janssen Stef , van der Sommen Régis , Dilweg Alexander , Sharpanskykh Alexei
Published: June 2020

Airport security checkpoints are the most important bottleneck in airport operations, but few studies aim to empirically understand them better. In this work we address this lack of data-driven quantitative analysis and insights about the security checkpoint process. To this end, we followed a total of 2277 passengers through the security checkpoint process at Rotterdam The Hague Airport (RTM), and published detailed timing data about their journey through the process. This dataset is unique in scientific literature, and can aid future researchers in the modelling and analysis of the security checkpoint. Our analysis showed important differences between six identified passenger types. Business passengers were found to be the fastest group, while passengers with reduced mobility (PRM) and families were the slowest two groups. We also identified events that hindered the performance of the security checkpoint, in which groups of passengers had to wait long for security employees or other passengers. A total of 335 such events occurred, with an average of 2.3 passengers affected per event. It was found that a passenger that had a high luggage drop time was followed by an event in 27% of the cases, which was the most frequent cause. To mitigate this waiting time of subsequent passengers in the security checkpoint process, we performed an experiment with a so-called service lane. This lane was used to process passengers that are expected to be slow, while the remaining lanes processed the other passengers. It was found that the mean throughput of the service lane setups was higher than the average throughput of the standard lanes, making it a promising setup to investigate further.
Soil Loss Estimation for Conservation Planning in the Welmel Watershed of the Genale Dawa Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Tessema Yared Mesfin , Jasińska Justyna , Yadeta Lemma Tiki , Świtoniak Marcin , Puchałka Radosław , Gebregeorgis Eyob Gebrehiwot
Published: June 2020

As a form of environmental degradation, soil degradation directly or indirectly affects many lives through decreased agricultural yields, increased flooding and habitat loss. Soil loss has been increasing in most parts of the world and is most pronounced in tropical developing countries where there is poor or zero soil and water conservation (SWC) planning and management activities. Identifying areas prone to soil erosion has also been inadequate, having not been informed by dedicated scientific studies. This is true of the poorly understood watershed of Welmel in the Oromia region of Ethiopia, where most livelihoods heavily rely upon agriculture. To plan effective SWC management techniques, a solid knowledge of spatial variations across different climate, land use and soil erosion is essential. This study has aimed at identifying potential areas needing SWC practices through conducting a spatial modeling of soil erosion within the Welmel watershed’s Genale Dawa basin using a geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS), multiple factors as land uses and climate. The Welmel catchment is located in southeastern Ethiopia and extends between 5°0′0″ N–7°45′00″ N and 39°0′0″ E–41°15′0″ E. The revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE), which was previously adapted to Ethiopian conditions, was used to estimate potential soil loss. It used information on interpolated rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), vegetation cover (C) and topography (LS) from a digital elevation model (DEM) and that of conservation practices (P) from satellite images. The study demonstrates that the RUSLE using GIS and RS considering different climates and land management practices provides a great advantage in that it allows one to spatially analyze multilayer data in order to identify soil erosion-prone areas and thereby develop the most appropriate watershed management strategy. The mean soil loss was determined to be 31 tons ha−1 year−1 and it varied between 0 and 169 tons ha−1 year−1. About 79% of the watershed lies within the tolerable level of 11 tons ha−1 year−1. However, the remaining 21% has a high soil truncation trait, mainly due to its steeper slope and use as cultivated land. Our study identifies cultivated and deforested areas of the watershed as the potential SWC practice demanding areas. Thus, the application of RUSEL using GIS across different land management practices and climate zones is a potential tool for identifying SWC demanding sites. This remains helpful in efforts towards sustainable land management practices for the sustainable livelihood of the local human population.
Responses of Microbiological Soil Properties to Intercropping at Different Planting Densities in an Acidic Andisol
Authors: Schoebitz Mauricio , Castillo Dalma , Jorquera Milko , Roldan Antonio
Published: June 2020

Intercropping could increase the capacity of crops to use soil resources. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lupin/wheat intercropping on soil properties, grain yield and nutrient uptake at different plant densities. Lupin and wheat were grown under field conditions as monocrops and intercrops. Soil nutrient availability and relative abundance of functional genes (acdS, phoD, phoC and nifH) were evaluated. The results obtained indicate that the cropping system had a significant effect (p < 0.001) on N and P availability. Lupin monocrop led to significantly higher N availability compared to intercrop. Intercropping resulted in significantly lower Olsen-P and K in soil concentrations compared to monocropping. No significant differences were observed in enzyme activity, except for phosphatase, which was 152% greater in the treatments at high plant density. Foliar nutrients were significantly higher in intercropping compared to monocropping. Acid phosphatase gene phoC was more abundant than the alkaline phosphatase gene phoD, which plays a more relevant role in acidic Andisols. The results confirm that N and P mobilization can improve nutrient absorption on wheat. When intercropped, lupin had positive effects on wheat due to its P mobilization capacity, while no effects were observed on lupin.
Exopolysaccharides from Cyanobacteria: Strategies for Bioprocess Development
Authors: Cruz Diogo , Vasconcelos Vitor , Pierre Guillaume , Michaud Philippe , Delattre Cédric
Published: June 2020

Cyanobacteria have the potential to become an industrially sustainable source of functional biopolymers. Their exopolysaccharides (EPS) harbor chemical complexity, which predicts bioactive potential. Although some are reported to excrete conspicuous amounts of polysaccharides, others are still to be discovered. The production of this strain-specific trait can promote carbon neutrality while its intrinsic location can potentially reduce downstream processing costs. To develop an EPS cyanobacterial bioprocess (Cyano-EPS) three steps were explored: the selection of the cyanobacterial host; optimization of production parameters; downstream processing. Studying the production parameters allow us to understand and optimize their response in terms of growth and EPS production though many times it was found divergent. Although the extraction of EPS can be achieved with a certain degree of simplicity, the purification and isolation steps demand experience. In this review, we gathered relevant research on EPS with a focus on bioprocess development. Challenges and strategies to overcome possible drawbacks are highlighted.
Evaluation of Bond Properties of a Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix for Strengthening of Concrete Structures
Authors: Kim Min-Jun , Kim Hyeong-Gook , Lee Yong-Jun , Kim Dong-Hwan , Jo Min-Su , Kim Kil-Hee
Published: June 2020

In the present study, pull-out and pull-off tests were conducted to examine the bond strength between an inorganic cement adhesive (hereinafter referred to as the “matrix”) and a textile, which composed a fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM). The matrix was developed by mixing slag and short fibers in an attempt to improve the alkali resistance and compressive strength. The developed matrix was examined with regard to its alkali resistance, water resistance, and void distribution. Bond tests were conducted in two parts: a pull-out series and pull-off series. The type of textile (carbon or basalt) and the weaving methods were selected as test parameters. These tests were performed in accordance with the methods described in ISO10406-1 (pull-out) and ASTM C1583 (pull-off). The test results showed that the developed matrix was superior to existing mortar methods in terms of alkali resistance, water resistance, and compressive strength. Additionally, the FRCM in which carbon textiles were used exhibited excellent bond performance.
Application of Discontinuity Layout Optimization to Steel Parts and Steel Connections with a Single Bolt
Authors: Timmers Ralph
Published: June 2020

Steel connections are designed with components such as bolts, plates, and welds. The proof of the plates loaded in-plane can be made by hand calculations or more realistic with a nonlinear FE-simulation. As an alternative method, a modified version of the discontinuity layout optimization (DLO) procedure is presented in this paper. The modification takes yield zone mechanisms into account. Furthermore, a compression-only contact was implemented to reproduce the bearing behaviour of bolted connections. The DLO procedure was tested on tensile specimens with and without bolts. The obtained collapse mechanisms and ultimate loads were compared to results from the Eurocode EN 1993-1-8, literature, and FE-simulations. Recommendations to the correct discretization of the tested specimens were given. Especially for the bearing behaviour, modification factors, based on a parameter study, were worked out. The DLO procedure reproduced the collapse loads and mechanisms of all considered cases correctly. The obtained bearing capacities are, in most cases, conservative compared to the Eurocode EN 1993-1-8. The presented research can be seen as the basis for future investigations on more complex problems in steel connections.
3D Liver and Tumor Segmentation with CNNs Based on Region and Distance Metrics
Authors: Zhang Yi , Pan Xiwen , Li Congsheng , Wu Tongning
Published: June 2020

Liver and liver tumor segmentation based on abdomen computed tomography (CT) images is an essential step in computer-assisted clinical interventions. However, liver and tumor segmentation remains the difficult issue in the medical image processing field, which is ascribed to the anatomical complexity of the liver and the poor demarcation between the liver and other nearby organs on the image. The existing 3D automatic liver and tumor segmentation algorithms based on full convolutional networks, such as V-net, have utilized the loss functions on the basis of integration (summing) over a segmented region (like Dice or cross-entropy). Unfortunately, the number of foreground and background voxels is usually highly imbalanced in liver and tumor segmentation tasks. This greatly varies the value of regional loss between various segmentation classes, and affects the training stability and effect. In the present study, an improved V-net algorithm was applied for 3D liver and tumor segmentation based on region and distance metrics. The distance metric-based loss function utilized a distance metric of the contour (or shape) space rather than the area. The model was jointly trained by the original regional loss and the three distance-based loss functions (including Boundary (BD) loss, Hausdorff (HD) loss, and Signed Distance Map (SDM) loss) to solve the problem of the highly unbalanced liver and tumor segmentation. Besides, the algorithm was tested in two databases LiTS 2017 (Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2017) and 3D-IRCADb (Research Institute against Digestive Cancer, Strasbourg Cedex, France, 2009), and the results proved the effectiveness of improvement.
Micromachining in Powder-Mixed Micro Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors: Prihandana Gunawan Setia , Mahardika Muslim , Sriani Tutik
Published: June 2020

Micromachining in the micro-electric discharge machining (μ-EDM) process requires high material-removal rate with good surface quality. Power-mixed μ-EDM, a modified machining process by introducing specific powder into the dielectric fluid, is among the key inventions to achieving these requirements. This article presents a review of the implementation of powder-mixed micro-EDM processes for microfabrication. Special attention was given to the influence of the powder characteristics, such as the concentration, electrical conductivity, shape and size of the powder. Subsequently, when describing the use of powder for obtaining a high material-removal rate and surface quality, other major applications in μ-EDM for surface modification and geometrical accuracy were also discussed. Finally, some of the varied methods that are used in powder-mixed μ-EDM and industrialization challenges are extensively elaborated.
Inhibition of Estrogenic Response of Yeast Screen Assay by Exposure to Non-Lethal Levels of Metallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Byoung-cheun , Duong Cuong N. , Kim Jungkon , Kim Suejin , Eom Ig-chun , Kim Pilje
Published: June 2020

In order to investigate the effects of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the performance of in vitro bioassay, zinc oxide NP (ZnO NP), aluminum oxide NP (Al2O3 NP), bare silver NP (Ag NP), and Ag NP capped with citrate (Agcit NP) were evaluated with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y190) two-hybrid system (YES assay), carrying Japanese medaka estrogen receptors (mERs) in the presence of 17β-estradiol (E2, 10−6 M), a reference chemical for estrogenic activity. The distribution of NPs in the yeast was also examined by field-emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM). The results show that TEM analysis revealed that NPs were present inside the yeast and accumulated deep inside the cell organelles, suggesting that cell death was caused by NPs. However, despite no significant change of mortality, the E2 estrogenic activities in yeast exposed to ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP were dose-dependently reduced. For Ag NP and Agcit NP, such phenomenon observed in the exposure of ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP did not occur. From the observations, we found that ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP in the environmental media could result in underestimated estrogenicity of endocrine-disrupting compounds when evaluated by YES assay.
Bioenergy on Islands: An Environmental Comparison of Continental Palm Oil vs. Local Waste Cooking Oil for Electricity Generation
Authors: Parra Christian R. , Corrêa-Guimarães Adriana , Navas-Gracia Luis Manuel , Narváez C. Ricardo A. , Rivadeneira Daniel , Rodríguez Darío , Ramirez Angel D.
Published: June 2020

Energy security on islands is a challenging issue due to their isolation from energy markets and fossil fuel dependence. In addition, islands’ average energy intensity has increased in recent years due to economic development. This research explores the environmental performance of two alternative non-variable bioelectricity feedstocks to increase energy resilience on islands. The study was developed for the Galápagos islands to address the environmental impacts from the direct use of waste cooking oil (WCO) and refined palm oil (RPO) to produce 1 MWh using the life cycle assessment methodological framework. A combination of primary and secondary data sources was used. The results show better performance for the electricity derived from WCO in all the impact categories considered when compared to RPO.
Reliability and Repeatability of the Assessment of Stress in Nursing Students Instrument in Podiatry Students: A Transcultural Adaptation
Authors: Palomo-López Patricia , Losa-Iglesias Marta Elena , Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo , López-López Daniel , Rodríguez-Sanz David , Ántolín-Gil Marta San , Martiniano João , Calvo-Lobo César
Published: June 2020

Background: This study aimed to adapt the Spanish version of the Assessment of Stress in Nursing Students (ASNS) (shorter form) instrument for Spanish podiatry students, labeling the new tool as the Spanish version of Assessment of Stress in Podiatry Students (ASPS). The adaptation for reliability and repeatability included performing the transcultural adaptation process and examining the repeatability and reliability of ASPS when used in a different language. Methods: An internationally recommended translation procedure was used to adapt transculturally this tool. The instrument’s test–retest reliability was evaluated in two sessions that were 10 days apart. Results: After considering each domain’s total score, the reliability and internal consistency were analyzed with Cronbach’s α and intraclass correlation coefficient for a 95% confidence interval. Good internal consistency was reported according to total score (α = 0.8626) and each one of the six domains: (1) the practical activities performance domain showed a Cronbach’s α of 0.8684; (2) professional communication domain, α = 0.8765; (3) time management domain, α = 0.8832; (4) environment domain, α = 0.8974; (5) professional education domain, α =0.873; and (6) theoretical activity domain, α = 0.8787. Test–retest reliability, by paired test of Wilcoxon, was not significant, showing that there were not differences between domain scores (p ≥ 0.05). Lastly, visual distributions of Bland and Altman plots did not provide differences between domains and total scores. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the ASPS showed good repeatability, reliability and acceptability to measure stress parameters for podiatry students.
Low-Cost Automation for Gravity Compensation of Robotic Arm
Authors: Montalvo William , Escobar-Naranjo Juan , Garcia Carlos A. , Garcia Marcelo V.
Published: June 2020

During the Industry 4.0 era, the open source-based robotic arms control applications have been developed, in which the control algorithms apply for movement precision in the trajectory tracking paths based on direct or reverse kinematics. Therefore, small errors in the joint positions can summarize in large position errors of the end-effector in the industrial activities. Besides the change of the end-effector position for a given variation of the set-point in manipulator joint positions depends on the manipulator configuration. This research proposes a control based on Proportional Derivative (PD) Control with gravity compensation to show the robustness of this control scheme in the robotic arm’s industrial applications. The control algorithm is developed using a low-cost board like Raspberry Pi (RPI) where the Robot Operating System (ROS) is installed. The novelty of this approach is the development of new functions in ROS to make the PD control with gravity compensation in low-cost systems. This platform brings a fast exchange of information between the Kuka™ youBot robotic arm and a graphical user’s interface that allows a transparent interaction between them.
Mergin’ Mode: Mixed Reality and Geoinformatics for Monument Demonstration
Authors: Evangelidis Konstantinos , Sylaiou Stella , Papadopoulos Theofilos
Published: June 2020

Since smart devices are becoming the primary technological means for daily human activities related to user-location, location-based services constitute a crucial component of the related smart applications. Meanwhile, traditional geospatial tools such as geographic information systems (GIS) in conjunction with photogrammetric techniques and 3D visualization frameworks can achieve immersive virtual reality over custom virtual geospatial worlds. In such environments, 3D scenes with virtual beings and monuments with the assistance of storytelling techniques may reconstruct historical sites and “revive” historical events. Boosting of Internet and wireless network speeds and mixed reality (MR) capabilities generate great opportunities for the development of location-based smart applications with cultural heritage content. This paper presents the MR authoring tool of “Mergin’ Mode” project, aimed at monument demonstration through the merging of the real with the virtual, assisted by geoinformatics technologies. The project does not aim at simply producing an MR solution, but more importantly, an open source platform that relies on location-based data and services, exploiting geospatial functionalities. In the long term, it aspires to contribute to the development of open cultural data repositories and the incorporation of cultural data in location-based services and smart guides, to enable the web of open cultural data, thereby adding extra value to the existing cultural-tourism ecosystem.
Performance Evaluation of Two Machine Learning Techniques in Heating and Cooling Loads Forecasting of Residential Buildings
Authors: Moradzadeh Arash , Mansour-Saatloo Amin , Mohammadi-Ivatloo Behnam , Anvari-Moghaddam Amjad
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, since energy management of buildings contributes to the operation cost, many efforts are made to optimize the energy consumption of buildings. In addition, the most consumed energy in the buildings is assigned to the indoor heating and cooling comforts. In this regard, this paper proposes a heating and cooling load forecasting methodology, which by taking this methodology into the account energy consumption of the buildings can be optimized. Multilayer perceptron (MLP) and support vector regression (SVR) for the heating and cooling load forecasting of residential buildings are employed. MLP and SVR are the applications of artificial neural networks and machine learning, respectively. These methods commonly are used for modeling and regression and produce a linear mapping between input and output variables. Proposed methods are taught using training data pertaining to the characteristics of each sample in the dataset. To apply the proposed methods, a simulated dataset will be used, in which the technical parameters of the building are used as input variables and heating and cooling loads are selected as output variables for each network. Finally, the simulation and numerical results illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodologies.
Organochlorines Accumulation in Caged Mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis—Possible Influence of Biological Parameters
Authors: Milun Vesna , Grgas Dijana , Radman Sanja , Štefanac Tea , Ibrahimpašić Jasmina , Landeka Dragičević Tibela
Published: June 2020

The accumulation of organochlorines (OCs) in mussel tissue depends on the physiological and biochemical status of the organism and its interaction with the environment. Mytilus galloprovincialis, 2- and 1-year-old mussels, sampled from Mali Ston Bay, a reference area, and transplanted to Kaštela Bay in cages, were used for the assessment of OC levels and influence of biological parameters on accumulation. Results of bimonthly exposures during one year highlighted that OC accumulation decreases with increasing mussel age. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p′-DDTs) increased, while organochlorine pesticide (OCP; i.e., HCB, lindane, heptachlor, and aldrin) variations were very low. Statistical analysis generally did not confirm the significant effect of lipid content on the accumulation of OCs in mussel tissue. OC levels in mussels were below the maximum permitted levels for human consumption (European Commission).
Reliability-Enhanced Camera Lens Module Classification Using Semi-Supervised Regression Method
Authors: Kim Sung Wook , Lee Young Gon , Tama Bayu Adhi , Lee Seungchul
Published: June 2020

Artificial intelligence has become the primary issue in the era of Industry 4.0, accelerating the realization of a self-driven smart factory. It is transforming various manufacturing sectors including the assembly line for a camera lens module. The recent development of bezel-less smartphones necessitates a large-scale production of the camera lens module. However, assembling the necessary parts of a module needs much room to be improved since the procedure followed by its inspection is costly and time-consuming. Consequently, the collection of labeled data is often limited. In this study, a reliable means to predict the state of an unseen camera lens module using simple semi-supervised regression is proposed. Here, an experimental study to investigate the effect of different numbers of training samples is demonstrated. The increased amount of data using simple pseudo-labeling means is shown to improve the general performance of deep neural network for the prediction of Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) by as much as 18%, 15% and 25% in terms of RMSE, MAE and R squared. The cross-validation technique is used to ensure a generalized predictive performance. Furthermore, binary classification is conducted based on a threshold value for MTF to finally demonstrate the better prediction outcome in a real-world scenario. As a result, the overall accuracy, recall, specificity and f1-score are increased by 11.3%, 9%, 1.6% and 7.6% showing that the classification of camera lens module has been improved through the suggested semi-supervised regression method.
Active Contours in the Complex Domain for Salient Object Detection
Authors: Khan Umer Sadiq , Zhang Xingjun , Su Yuanqi
Published: June 2020

The combination of active contour models (ACMs) for both contour and salient object detection is an attractive approach for researchers in image segmentation. Existing active contour models fail when improper initialization is performed. We propose a novel active contour model with salience detection in the complex domain to address this issue. First, the input image is converted to the complex domain. The complex transformation gives salience cue. In addition, it is well suited for cyclic objects and it speeds up the iteration of the active contour. During the process, we utilize a low-pass filter that lets the low spatial frequencies pass, while attenuating, or completely blocking, the high spatial frequencies to reduce the random noise connected with favorable or higher frequencies. Furthermore, the model introduces a force function in the complex domain that dynamically shrinks a contour when it is outside of the object of interest and expands it when the contour is inside the object. Comprehensive tests on both synthetic images and natural images show that our proposed algorithm produces accurate salience results that are close to the ground truth. At the same time, it eliminates re-initialization and, thus, reduces the execution time.
Conditions for a Meaningful Health Impact Assessment for Local Stakeholders: The Example of the Arve Valley in France
Authors: Pascal Mathilde , Yvon Jean-Marc , Corso Magali , Blanchard Myriam , De Crouy-Chanel Perrine , Medina Sylvia
Published: June 2020

This article illustrates how a health impact assessment (HIA) can be used to promote a collaborative discussion among stakeholders as part of a local action plan aimed at improving air quality. We performed a HIA of the mortality impacts of long-term exposure to fine particles PM2.5 in the Arve Valley in France. This narrow valley can experience high levels of pollution mostly during winter. However, local stakeholders expressed strong, contradictory opinions on the associated health impacts. Our HIA helped overcome existing silos and shifted the overriding question from “Is it true that air pollution kills people?” to “What can we do to improve air quality?” HIAs have proven to be an excellent decision-support tool in many contexts. In addition, they should continue to be useful provided that their scope, specific objectives, choices, calculation assumptions, and limitations are thoroughly explained to all stakeholders and made easily accessible.
Deep Minima in the Triply Differential Cross Section for Ionization of Atomic Hydrogen by Electron and Positron Impact
Authors: DeMars C. , Ward S. , Colgan J. , Amami S. , Madison D.
Published: June 2020

We investigate ionization of atomic hydrogen by electron- and positron-impact. We apply the Coulomb–Born (CB1) approximation, various modified CB1 approximations, the three body distorted wave (3DW) approximation, and the time-dependent close-coupling (TDCC) method to electron-impact ionization of hydrogen. For electron-impact ionization of hydrogen for an incident energy of approximately 76.45 eV, we obtain a deep minimum in the CB1 triply differential cross section (TDCS). However, the TDCC for 74.45 eV and the 3DW for 74.46 eV gave a dip in the TDCS. For positron-hydrogen ionization (breakup) we apply the CB1 approximation and a modified CB1 approximation. We obtain a deep minimum in the TDCS and a zero in the CB1 transition matrix element for an incident energy of 100 eV with a gun angle of 56.13 ° . Corresponding to a zero in the CB1 transition matrix element, there is a vortex in the velocity field associated with this element. For both electron- and positron-impact ionization of hydrogen the velocity field rotates in the same direction, which is anticlockwise. All calculations are performed for a doubly symmetric geometry; the electron-impact ionization is in-plane and the positron-impact ionization is out-of-plane.
On the Solvability of Nonlinear Third-Order Two-Point Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Agarwal Ravi P. , Kelevedjiev Petio S. , Todorov Todor Z.
Published: June 2020

Under barrier strips type assumptions we study the existence of C 3 [ 0 , 1 ] —solutions to various two-point boundary value problems for the equation x ‴ = f ( t , x , x ′ , x ″ ) . We give also some results guaranteeing positive or non-negative, monotone, convex or concave solutions.