bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel distance measure for q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets and its application
Authors: Suri Gitesh , Gandotra Neeraj , Guleria Abhishek , Saini Namita
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we explore the q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) framework to effectively manage complex and uncertain information, particularly in scenarios where human opinions and preferences play a critical role. Recognizing the limitations of existing methods in capturing the inherent vagueness of such information, we propose a novel and robust distance measure tailored specifically for q-ROFS. To demonstrate the practical relevance of our proposed measure, we focus on its application to the selection of financial investment funds, a problem characterized by significant uncertainty and subjective evaluation criteria. Within this context, we develop a decision-making algorithm based on the q-ROFS framework. The algorithm leverages the new distance measure to identify an optimal fund from a set of alternatives by analyzing key financial and non-financial attributes. We further validate the effectiveness of our approach by presenting a detailed numerical example that simulates a real-world investment scenario. Comparative analyses with existing decision-making methods are conducted to underscore the improvements in accuracy, flexibility, and overall performance that our approach offers. The results suggest that the proposed q-ROFS-based algorithm is not only capable of handling uncertainty more effectively but also provides enhanced decision-making insights, making it a valuable tool for complex decision-making tasks in finance and beyond.
Unveiling the impact of perceived stigma on psychological well-being in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease: The mediating role of patient engagement
Authors: Usta Dilara , Savarese Mariarosaria , Acampora Marta , Previtali Enrica , Leone Salvo , Annese Vito , Graffigna Guendalina
Published: January 2025

This study elucidated the impact of perceived stigma on the well-being of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and explored the mediating role of patient engagement. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, recruiting participants through the Italian IBD patient organization. The survey assessed perceived stigma, psychological well-being, and patient engagement using validated instruments. Data were analyzed using multiple regressions and bias-corrected bootstrapping analysis. Perceived stigma significantly predicted psychological well-being, and patient engagement significantly predicted well-being. Patient engagement partially mediated the relationship between perceived stigma and well-being, suggesting that lower levels of patient engagement were associated with higher perceived stigma, negatively affecting well-being. Perceived stigma significantly impairs the psychological well-being of IBD patients. However, patient engagement is important for mitigating adverse effects of stigma and enhancing overall well-being. Interventions to reduce stigma and promote patient engagement are essential for improving health outcomes in IBD management.
‘A boy actually said I looked like a fire victim’: Exploring the psychosocial impacts of psoriasis, eczema and acne amongst young women in the UK through thematic analysis
Authors: Rutter Emily , Owen Alison
Published: January 2025

Our knowledge of the psychosocial implications of skin conditions continues to broaden, as research identifies multiple psychological morbidities relating to psoriasis, eczema and acne. This includes findings of poor body image, as a result of the change in physical appearance to the skin. However, there is limited qualitative research in the UK that explores how young women with skin conditions experience unique psychosocial impacts, including body image issues. The present study explored the experiences of seven young women with psoriasis, eczema and acne. Four main themes were developed: Embarrassment over appearance related symptoms; An unrealistic female beauty standard; Change in appearance attacking personal identity; and Lack of support. The implications of these findings are discussed, including a call for a biopsychosocial approach to skin condition treatment, that prioritises the psychological and social well being of young female skin condition patients, as well as their physical health.
“It means freedom”: A qualitative exploration of joy among black queer folx
Authors: Denis Kay , Brooks Byron D , Nsier Hisham , Victorian Jordan , Lassiter Jonathan Mathias , Motley Darnell N
Published: January 2025

The focus of this article is to examine queer joy as a foil to the deficit-saturated literature on Black queer folks in social and behavioral sciences. Leveraging an intersectionality framework, the authors employed reflexive thematic analysis to evaluate a study of Black queer joy among a sample of 241 Black queer people living in the United States. Participants indicated that Black queer joy is related to celebrating oneself. Black queer joy is also linked to feelings of social connectedness and being liberated to live authentically in community. The findings from the study extend current understandings of joy from a psychological perspective and could inform prospective work developing culturally-informed interventions to facilitate Black queer joy in positive psychological research.
Living through extended liminality: Reintegration experiences of génocidaire ex-prisoners in Rwanda
Authors: Rutayisire Theoneste , Sarabwe Emmanuel , Ingabire Chantal , Jansen Angela , Richters Annemiek
Published: January 2025

In Rwanda, following the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi, meting out justice on suspected génocidaires has resulted in the need to reintegrate an unprecedent number of ex-prisoners, a process that continues even now, three decades later. Doing so in a society that still bears scars of this genocide, but which is also experiencing drastic social transformation, is a complex matter. Qualitative research carried out in the framework of a community-based psychosocial support program, implemented in ten, mostly rural, districts of Rwanda, aimed to study lived experiences of ex-prisoners going through the reintegration process. Twenty-seven focus group discussions and twenty-five interviews were conducted with ex-prisoners and people living close to them. The research was executed between June 2021 and June 2022. Findings revealed factors, both isolated and intersecting, hindering the reintegration process and consequently keeping ex-prisoners in liminality after imprisonment. These factors include advanced age, bodily and mental frailties, family infightings, land scarcity, and social repercussions of being a génocidaire. There are also ex-prisoners who manage to enter the post-liminal phase after being released due to psychosocial support initiatives or people's empowerment-oriented policies, laws, and programs. This article leaves room for further investigations, especially regarding the sustainability of ex-prisoners' reintegration initiatives.
(Re)focusing on planetary boundaries for corporate sustainability research
Authors: Lahneman Brooke , Walls Judith Louise , Unter Kerrigan Marie Machado , Howard-Grenville Jennifer
Published: January 2025

Earth’s natural systems are increasingly destabilizing as human industrial activity has overshot planetary boundaries such as climate change and biosphere integrity (biodiversity loss). While organizational scholarship on sustainability is increasing in prevalence and importance, the planetary boundaries framework has been under-studied and under-applied. To advance scholarship and practice, we assert the planetary boundaries framework can guide future research in three ways: (1) tuning to and measuring the state of particular planetary boundaries, (2) inviting attention to temporal and spatial properties, and (3) as a tool for inter- and transdisciplinary scholarship. We develop a reference framework that conceptualizes interactions between organizations and the planetary boundaries to develop specific, researchable questions. Organizational attention to planetary boundaries is driven by their dependence on them, which consequently impacts planetary boundaries and ecosystem resilience, with contextual influences shaping these interactions. We hope to encourage organizational scholars to explore how organizations can strategize and implement practices as embedded within planetary boundaries.
Project-based learning in kindergartens
Authors: Aizenberg Merav , Zadok Yair
Published: January 2025

Project-based learning (PBL) is a learning method considered suitable for the spirit of the times and the period because of its ability to promote the acquisition of the skills required in the 21st century. In recent years, this method has been gaining increased expression in education systems worldwide and the Israeli education system as well. The present study examined the learning experience of kindergarten managers with PBL from their own perspectives. Sixteen experienced kindergarten managers with more than 10 years of seniority participated in the study. The research used a qualitative method and data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The main findings reveal the characteristics of PBL in kindergartens, as well as evaluation processes and reflective aspects of the evaluation of PBL. The main conclusions of this study are that PBL implementation in Israeli kindergartens is in an advanced stage, that the project is constructed until the final product is completed and presented, and that the PBL method contributes greatly to the functioning of the learners in the 21st century.
Minding the epistemic gap: Uncertain moral status, precautionary practical ethics and the problem of reasoning from the problem of other minds
Authors: Coggon John
Published: January 2025

The bioethical literature demonstrates both substantive contest over the moral status of entities such as human embryos, and approaches that aim to find morally sound prescriptions in light of fundamental disagreement and uncertainty about identification of their moral status. Amongst such latter approaches, we find Shaun Pattinson's moral precautionary thesis, for which he provides a renewed defence in his recent book Law at the Frontiers of Biomedicine. Pattinson's overarching moral theory centres on the rights of moral agents. In relation to the question of that theory's application, the moral precautionary thesis addresses how, and with what degree of certainty, one moral agent may identify or recognise another. Pattinson roots his precautionary thesis in the problem of other minds. In this article, I argue that that is a mistaken starting point when held against the consequent epistemic claims that Pattinson makes. Furthermore, in examining Pattinson's reasoning, including against earlier objections that have been levelled, I argue that he generates additional problems for accepting the cogency of his thesis.
Impact of international professional mobility programmes: A systematic literature review
Authors: Hanley Natalya , Tyson Lorena Sanchez , Wang Zhe , Kwak Joonghyun , Akkad Ahmad , Vari-Lavoisier Ilka , Chankseliani Maia
Published: January 2025

This systematic review explores the impact of international professional mobility (IPM) programmes for continuing professional development by addressing two key research questions: (1) What is the impact of IPM on participants? (2) What contributions do participants make at organisational, community, and national levels after participating in IPM? Drawing on 78 peer-reviewed studies and employing a Mixed-Methods Research Synthesis approach, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of how IPM fosters professional expertise, intercultural competencies, and career advancement, while also generating broader societal impacts. Despite reintegration challenges – such as resistance to new ideas and weakened domestic networks – participants contribute significantly to organisational innovation, community engagement, and cross-border collaboration. The review identifies three pressing areas for future research: the need for detailed analysis of specific programme characteristics, the complexities of post-mobility reintegration, and the fragmented use of theoretical frameworks in the existing literature. By synthesising the evidence, this review offers critical insights for policymakers, funding agencies, programme designers, and participants aiming to maximise the professional and societal value of IPM initiatives.
Groups of Individual Attitudes Towards Cultural Issues in Europe: A Unidimensional Conflict?
Authors: Schäfer Ines
Published: January 2025

According to the cleavage literature, there is a cultural conflict in Europe where libertarian-cosmopolitan positions oppose traditionalist-communitarian ones. Empirically, however, it remains unclear how individuals position themselves across issues of environmentalism, gender, sexual diversity, immigration and the European Union and how these positions are linked. This article explores what multidimensional attitudinal configurations exist in Europe, how they are rooted in social structure and linked to party identification. Using data from 21 countries in the European Values Study 2017, I first conduct latent profile analysis on individual attitudinal data, followed by regression analysis to assess the resulting profiles’ socio-structural and political underpinnings. Although ambivalent and multidimensional attitudes dominate, results show a divide of sexual diversity attitudes. The attitudinal groups are stratified along occupation, education and the political spectrum. The findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of cultural attitudes in Europe and cast doubt on the assumption of a polarized cultural conflict.
Medium vessel occlusions in the drip-and-ship model: Clinical vs. hub CTP-supported decision making
Authors: Rao Rahul , Ali Aizaz , Gharaibeh Khaled , Zoghi Zeinab , Gega Alisa , Pervez Hira , Burgess Richard , Zaidi Syed , Jumaa Mouhammad
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for medium vessel occlusions (MeVO) is emerging as a promising treatment in acute stroke. We aim to evaluate the utility of additional imaging (CTP) in patients with MeVOs who received thrombolysis at a spoke hospital and were transferred to the hub.

Methods

This was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from April 2018 to June 2023. Patients were transferred to one of the following destinations: CT scanner for a perfusion scan, directly to the angiography suite, or admitted to the neurological intensive care unit (NICU). We compared baseline characteristics, MT times, radiographic and clinical outcomes between the group that was initially transferred to CTP vs. the group that was not initially transferred to CTP.

Results

Seventy-eight MeVO patients who received IV thrombolysis and were transferred to our comprehensive stroke center were included in the analysis. Forty patients went directly to CTP, thirty went directly to the angiography suite (DTA), and eight were transferred to the NICU. 67.5% of patients presenting to CTP did not subsequently go to the angiography suite. The CTP and non-CTP groups did not differ significantly in terms of demographics, rates of successful recanalization, complications, and clinical outcomes at 90 days. The CTP group had significantly longer median door-to-groin times and median door-to-recanalization times.

Conclusion

Mechanical thrombectomy should be considered in stroke patients with confirmed medium vessel occlusions who receive thrombolysis. CTP utilization may lead to lower angiography utilization and longer door-to-procedure times but does not significantly affect long-term outcomes.
Working With Similarities and Differences: Relational Processes in Transdisciplinary Qualitative Research With Diverse Teams
Authors: Dao Michael S. , Bourbon Soma de , Fuller Melissa McClure , Worthen Miranda
Published: January 2025

Transdisciplinary research and research teams are becoming increasingly valued in academic spaces. The potential of transdisciplinary research is that the diversity of thought and experience can create robust research processes from project inception, methodological protocol, data collection, data analysis and reporting output. Yet, transdisciplinary research teams can also bring about complications pertaining to conflicting epistemological perspectives, areas of expertise, and objectives for applied impact. In noting the benefits and downsides of transdisciplinary research, this article aims to detail how a transdisciplinary research team navigated a qualitative and participatory longitudinal research project. Drawing from a larger community-based participatory research project, the People’s Budget of San José, we detail the complexities, tensions, and successes of a transdisciplinary research team working to address complex social issues while also being attentive to community needs. Of central importance is that we illustrate how we collaborated as a transdisciplinary research team and also partnered with community-based organizations in a participatory manner. The main methodological contribution is that we highlight the power-sharing, frictions, and collaborative efforts undertaken by our transdisciplinary research team. Our intention in sharing our story is to exemplify how a transdisciplinary team functions so that future transdisciplinary research teams can be guided and build upon the transdisciplinary research process. We conclude that transdisciplinary research consisting of various people is a worthwhile endeavour with tremendous potential, but everyone must work to properly address the tensions and complexities that are likely to arise.
Conflict and Urban Mobility: Challenges and Responses to Free Movement in Belfast during the Troubles
Authors: Morin Ashley M.
Published: January 2025

The era of the Troubles in Belfast brought both challenges to free movement and grassroots responses to such challenges. The conflict itself inspired divisions and barriers to mobility within the city, notably including the establishment of British Army checkpoints and the construction of various “peace walls” under the direction of the British Government. While the geospatial significance of the Troubles remains a popular and necessary subject of discourse within scholarship on the conflict, less attention has been given to considering its relative impact on people's daily lives. Interrogating the question of impartiality in conflict-related polices, such as the Falls Road Curfew and internment, helps contextualize disproportionate disruptions to mobility in the city. Additionally, conflict-related violence frequently impacted access to transportation, contributing to community-based initiatives to improve movement throughout the city, notably the introduction of black taxi services in the 1970s. By focusing on Belfast during the Troubles, this article considers the relationships among free movement, conflict, governments, and community-based responses to such challenges.
Effect of size on the dynamic and static bending of green wood samples of European beech
Authors: Zlámal Jan , Cristini Valentino , Nop Patrik , Šeda Vít , Vand Mojtaba Hassan , Tippner Jan
Published: January 2025

In recent years, there has been growing interest in assessing the properties and quality of green hardwood by non-destructive testing (NDT). The frequency resonance technique (FRT) has proven to be an effective NDT method in the assessment of green wood. The properties of green wood with complex structures are often estimated based on the mechanical properties of standard samples. This raises two questions: (1) What effect does size have on the obtained mechanical properties of wood during bending? and (2) Is it possible to describe or predict this effect by using FRT on a different size and structure? In this study we monitored differences in the dynamic modulus of elasticity in bending ( MOED), the flexural modulus of elasticity ( MOE) and the flexural modulus of rupture ( MOR) in samples of different sizes and shapes. Four groups of bending samples with a square cross-section (7 mm×7 mm×100 mm, 20 mm×20 mm×300 mm, 40 mm×40 mm×600 mm and 60 mm×60 mm×900 mm) and two groups of branch samples with near-circular cross-section (±80 mm×880 mm; diameter ±100 mm×1120 mm) of European beech wood were tested. The results show that no relationship between MOED, MOE and MOR and the size of samples was conclusively confirmed. A strong relationship between MOED and MOE or MOR for all square cross-sections was shown by the results.
The Right to Remain and the Causes of Forced Migration
Authors: Baggio Fabio
Published: January 2025

Executive Summary

Pope Francis dedicated his Message for the 109th World Day of Migrants and Refugees to the freedom that should characterize one’s choice whether to migrate or remain. With his message, developed by constantly listening to the local Churches, the Holy Father wanted to promote a new debate on a right not yet codified at an international level: the right not to have to migrate, or more precisely, the right to remain in one’s homeland.

The forced nature of many current migration flows requires a careful consideration of the causes of current migrations. The right to remain is pre-eminent, deeper, and broader than the right to migrate. It involves the possibility of participating in the common good, the right to live with dignity and have access to sustainable development. All of these rights should be effectively safeguarded in the countries of origin with the responsible involvement of the international community.
Development of a Brief Client Satisfaction and Quality Improvement Tool for Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs: Opportunities for Enhancing Client Perspectives
Authors: Myers Rachel K. , Kapa Hillary M. , Garcia Stephanie M. , Vega Laura , Fein Joel A.
Published: January 2025

Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) are evidence-informed strategies to promote recovery among victims of violence. Limited tools exist to capture client-reported perspectives of program relevance, responsiveness, acceptability, and impact. We conducted a quality improvement project to develop an HVIP-specific tool that can be used to collect information regarding client satisfaction with services to inform ongoing and future program improvement efforts. Four former adolescent clients and 5 caregivers who received services participated in cognitive interviews to share interpretation of questionnaire items, improvements to response options, comfort responding, and missing topics. Participants demonstrated understanding of survey items and offered alternate wording to improve clarity, reduce redundancy, and clarify response options. Revisions based on participant and staff feedback resulted in a 12-item HVIP Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. Our tool provides an opportunity to collect client-reported perspectives regarding satisfaction and perceived short-term program impact to inform continued improvement activities. This tool could be utilized by HVIPs and other violence prevention programs to engage clients in quality improvement efforts in support of program values to be trauma-informed and client centered.
Moving Beyond the Device: Key Lessons in Creating a Positive Patient Experience for a Remote Foot Health Program
Authors: Rothenberg Gary M. , Munson Jordan , Josephson Ezra , Bloom Jon
Published: January 2025

The burden of diabetic foot ulcers is largely underappreciated, even by the healthcare community. Living with advanced, complex chronic diseases can be challenging for the patient and often requires additional time and resource utilization by the provider. The use of novel technology within medicine should be focused on fostering excellent experiences, thereby promoting satisfaction and ultimately, quality care. Using a remote foot temperature monitoring program, we have learned that 3 strategies support positive experience including: design for ease of use, patient and provider support, and continuous process improvement. Further key points include: (1) foot ulcers and amputations are a significant source of morbidity, mortality, and decreased quality of life for people living with diabetes; (2) remote patient monitoring innovations in technology can help connect patients, healthcare providers, and data; (3) technology should serve as an extension of the patient–provider trust relationship and help improve systemic efficiency; and (4) future considerations for successful patient experiences must also address healthcare disparities and promote health equity.
Comparison of a Virtual and in-Person OSCE on Advanced Communication Skills: Qualitative Insights from Medical Student Debrief Transcripts
Authors: Choi Alex , Murtha Tanya D. , Morrison Laura J. , Talwalkar Jaideep S.
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES

This study investigates the differences between in-person versus virtual format of an advanced communication skills OSCE through thematic analyses of post-OSCE debrief transcripts.

METHODS

Two cohorts of senior medical students participated in either a 2019 in-person or 2021 virtual advanced communication skills OSCE. Students were grouped in triads and rotated through three of five possible cases. Afterwards, students participated in a faculty-led debrief (in-person in 2019, virtual in 2021). Inductive thematic analysis was used to compare the themes and the ratio of comments related to the themes were compared between the virtual and in-person OSCEs.

RESULTS

Thematic analyses for both in-person and virtual OSCEs identified the same four major themes (Case Review, Emotional Response, Feedback, and Reflection) and 11 subthemes. However, the ratio of comments related to Case Review was lower in the virtual OSCE compared to in-person (P < .0001). Analysis of subthemes within Case Review revealed the percentage of comments was higher for Content and lower for Challenges in the virtual OSCE compared to in-person (both P < .0001). There were no differences in the ratios of comments related to Emotional Response, Feedback, and Reflection, or their subthemes.

CONCLUSION

A virtual advanced communications skills OSCE for medical students showed identical qualitative themes to that from a prior in-person OSCE. However, students in the virtual OSCE focused more on matter-of-fact discussions about case content and less about the challenges they experienced. The findings suggest that some medical students may struggle with experiential learning in the virtual format, and have difficulty accessing or practicing their reflective observation skills based on Kolb's learning theory. Differences may be attributable to the additional cognitive load in the virtual setting, inadequate structural safeguards, and/or other limitations of virtual communication.
Platform gaslighting: A user-centric insight into social media corporate communications of content moderation
Authors: Divon Tom , Are Carolina , Briggs Pam
Published: January 2025

This paper delves into communications dynamics between social media platforms and their users as they navigate the opacity of governance policies. Using Meta and TikTok as case studies, we reveal that gaslighting – traditionally linked with relationship abuse where one partner undermines the validity of the other's experience – has become a pervasive communication strategy for platforms, manifesting in numerous instances where automated and human platform communications have directly contradicted users’ experiences, evidence and research. We analyse 36 diverse interview datasets and six public platform responses to content moderation issues, highlighting the systemic nature of this phenomenon within digital spaces. By moving beyond shadowbanning and isolated platform-to-user dialogue, we expand the scholarly understanding of platform gaslighting to encompass a broader spectrum of governance-related communications. Our dataset draws from seemingly disparate groups who share moderation experiences: Jewish creators engaged in combating antisemitism, Palestinian creators advocating for human rights and sex-positive creators, whose expertise and stories are dismissed and belittled by platforms. Our participants' experiences demonstrate that conceptualising platform communications as gaslighting can help expose corporate power imbalances in platform-user interactions, particularly in cases where platforms govern through undisclosed practices such as shadowbanning and de-platforming triggered by malicious flagging, along with ambiguous communication from their representatives. We demonstrate how the dismissal or minimisation of participants’ traumatic experiences by platforms’ automated processes and human teams is weaponised to inflict epistemic injustice, consolidate power, safeguard public image and evade accountability.
Medwakh smoking induces alterations in salivary proteins and cytokine expression: a clinical exploratory proteomics investigation
Authors: Aghila Rani K. G. , Soares Nelson C. , Rahman Betul , Giddey Alexander D. , Al-Hroub Hamza M. , Semreen Mohammad H. , Al Kawas Sausan
Published: January 2025

Background

Medwakh smoking has radically expanded among youth in the Middle East and around the world. The rising popularity of medwakh/dokha usage is linked to the onset of several chronic illnesses including cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Medwakh smoking is reported to increase the risk of inflammation in the lower respiratory tract owing to oxidative burden. To date, there are no reported studies investigating the impact of medwakh smoking on salivary protein profile. The current study aims to elucidate alterations in the salivary proteome profile of medwakh smokers.

Methods

Saliva samples collected from 33 medwakh smokers and 30 non-smokers were subjected to proteomic analysis using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Saliva samples were further subjected to validatory experiments involving analysis of inflammatory cytokine profile using LEGENDplex™ Human Essential Immune Response Panel.

Results

Statistical analysis revealed alterations in the abundance of 74 key proteins including immune mediators and inflammatory markers in medwakh smokers (Accession: PXD045901). Proteins involved in building oxidative stress, alterations in cell anchorage, and cell metabolic processes were enhanced in medwakh smokers. Salivary immune response evaluation further validated the proteome findings, revealing significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-23, IFN-γ (Th1 cytokines), IL-6 (Th2 cytokine), and MCP-1 (chemokine) in medwakh smokers. In addition, a substantial increase in abundance of involucrin suggesting a plausible stratified squamous cell differentiation and increased cell lysis in the oral cavity of medwakh smokers akin to chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). The protein–metabolite joint pathway analysis further showed significantly enriched differentially expressed proteins and metabolites of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate, fructose and mannose, nicotinate and nicotinamide, and glutathione metabolism pathways among medwakh smokers.

Conclusions

The findings of the study provide valuable insights on potential perturbations in various key immune molecules, cytokines, and signaling pathways among medwakh smokers. Medwakh smokers displayed elevated inflammation, increased oxidative stress and defective antioxidant responses, dysregulated energy metabolism, and alterations in proteins related to cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and proliferation. The findings of study underscore the urgent need for comprehensive public health interventions among youth by raising awareness, implementing effective smoking cessation programs, and promoting healthy lifestyle to safeguard the well-being of individuals and communities worldwide.
High grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma in an ectopic kidney: case report and review of literature
Authors: Kumar Siddhant , Hegde Padmaraj , Agarwal Ankit , Surag K. R. , Doddamani Siddalingeshwara Chandragouda
Published: January 2025

Case

A 67-year-old male with hematuria and diagnosed to have a left iliac fossa malrotated ectopic kidney with enhancing renal pelvic mass; which on histopathological examination was noted to be high grade UTUC- pT3N1.

Conclusion

This is the first documented high grade UTUC case of an ectopic kidney in literature. The treatment of this disease can be challenging due in part to its aberrant vascular morphology and due to its location.
Kernel type-based entries are efficient to develop a core collection of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Son Jae-Han , Hong Seongmin , Kim Ji Won , Go Jiyun , Choi Junyong , Lee Sang-Bum , Ha Jun Young , Go Young-Sam , Bae Hwan-Hee , Jung Tae-Wook , Yi Gibum
Published: January 2025

A core collection, a minimized set of germplasm representing maximum genetic diversity, is useful for breeding and genetic studies. Developing a core collection is essential for efficient genetic analysis. However, the process is time-consuming and requires considerable effort. Based on previous population structures of maize we hypothesized that kernel types can be representative characteristics encompassing large phenotypic variations. Here we showed that kernel type based entries are useful for developing a core collection representing large genetic variation. Based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of yellow kernel color and six yield related phenotypes, we found that y1 gene is responsible determinant of yellow color kernel and several genes were revealed to be involved in the yield-related phenotypes. The core collection was powerful to resolve the corresponding genetic components for the phenotypes. These results suggest that kernel types should be considered to include large genetic variation for developing a core collection in maize. This information will be facilitated to develop a new maize core collection.
Mechanisms in Thyroid Eye Disease: The TSH Receptor Interacts Directly With the IGF-1 Receptor
Authors: Latif Rauf , Mezei Mihaly , Davies Terry F
Published: January 2025

The pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease (TED) has been suggested as due to signal enhancement in orbital fibroblasts as a result of autoantibody-induced, synergistic interaction between the TSH receptor (TSHR) and the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). This interaction has been explained by a “receptor cross-talk,” mediated via β-arrestin binding. Here we have examined if this interaction can be mediated via direct receptor contact using modeling and experimental approaches.

First, we docked a model of the leucine-rich domain of the TSHR ectodomain (ECD) to an available cryo-electron microscopy-based structure of the active-state IGF-1R dimer and demonstrated the stability of the complex using molecular dynamics simulations. We then extended the complex with the full-length TSHR and the transmembrane helices of the IGF1R and a 3000 ns simulation also showed stability of this complex. We then performed coimmunoprecipitation studies with anti-TSHR and anti-IGF-1R antibodies using cells expressing the IGF-1R and the full-length TSHR and also cells that expressed the IGF-1R and only the TSHR-ECD and, therefore, unable to bind β-arrestin. These studies showed a 360 kD complex protein in the immunoprecipitation, which was present in both the full-length TSHR and the TSHR-ECD-only expressing cells, evidencing a direct interaction of receptors via their ectodomains in the absence of arrestin. Colocalized staining of TSHR and IGF-1R in the TSHR-ECD cells further supported this direct interaction.

These data showed that the TSHR and IGF-1R can interact directly and in the absence of β-arrestin binding. Understanding these interactions is important in the pathogenesis of TED and its therapeutic intervention.
A Study on the Characteristics of Red Pigments According to the Type of Natural Raw Materials
Authors: Kang Yeong Seok , Mun Seong Woo , Kim Myoung Nam , Hwang Ga-Hyun , Hong Jin Young , Lee Sun Myung
Published: January 2025

In this study, to evaluate the application of natural raw material minerals, red pigments were manufactured using four types of red-brown soils and two types of rocks (shale and pumice) produced domestically, and component analysis, physical property analysis, an accelerated weathering test, and antifungal effect analysis were performed. The manufactured pigment contained hematite, whose main constituent mineral is known be a red chromogenic mineral, and the Fe content was relatively high at 12.4% to 27.2%. The average particle size of the red pigments was less than 30 μm and its opacity was more than 95%, making it suitable for painting work. The accelerated weathering test showed that at an accumulated UV irradiance of 334 MJ/m2, the color difference (ΔE) value of the pigment manufactured from soil-based raw minerals was smaller than that of the pigment manufactured from rock-based raw minerals. In particular, TH pigment was confirmed to have excellent stability, with a color difference of 1.25. Analysis of the antifungal effects of the manufactured red pigments confirmed that all six manufactured pigments inhibited fungal growth, and PC with high calcite (CaCO3) content showed the highest fungal growth inhibition rate (HGIR). This confirmed that the red pigment manufactured using domestic natural raw minerals exhibited sufficient quality and functionality for use as a painting pigment. In addition, the colors were found to be similar to those of the Seokganju, Juhong, Jangdan, Yuksaek and Daja of the traditional Dancheong colors or had a color range similar to that of the traditional standard colors. Therefore, it is believed that it can be used as a painting pigment in various fields, such as wall painting, Buddhist painting, and Dancheong.
The Structural and Material Properties of Ssangja Chongtong Gun in the Joseon Dynasty: Focusing on Ssangja Chongtong Gun, Treasure Owned by Seokdang Museum of Dong-A University
Authors: Kim Mi hyun , Park Young hwan , Lee Jae sung
Published: January 2025

The Ssangja Chongtong Gun, manufactured in the 16th year of King Seonjo’s reign (1583), is a small tubular personal firearm used during the mid-Joseon Dynasty. This study investigated gun-manufacturing techniques focusing on the Ssangja Chongtong Gun owned by the Seokdang Museum of Dong-A University. The Ssangja Chongtong Gun is 53.3 cm in total length and 1.5 cm in diameter. There are six fuse holes and two rings, similar to bamboo nodes, on the double barrels. The handle is engraved with inscriptions describing the gun’s use and production period. There is misalignment between the barrel and handle of the gun that is due to casting; on the side, polishing marks and uneven joints formed after casting are observed. Research on its internal structure confirmed the presence of casting bubbles inside the Ssangja Chongtong Gun. Six parts that appear to be chaplets used to fix the casting mold during casting were also observed. Surface analysis of the parts identified as chaplets showed a high level of iron (Fe). Based on component analysis, the primary component of the Ssangja Chongtong Gun was determined to be bronze, a ternary alloy with copper (Cu), tin (Sn), and lead (Pb) as primary components.
Diagnosis of Corrosion Characteristics and Conservation Status of Bronze Sculptures Using Portable Analysis Methods
Authors: Kwon Hee Hong , Shin Jeong Ah , Kim Lee Yun
Published: January 2025

Using portable analytical methods, this study aims to systematically diagnose and evaluatethe conservation state of the outdoor bronze sculpture “The Displaced Family of 6.25.” by the artistChanghee Kim. It then proposes directions for future conservation and restoration. The surface patina,corrosion products, internal defects, and coating materials of the bronze sculpture were characterizedusing optical and chromaticity techniques, portable Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF)spectroscopy, and ultrasonic methods. The optical analysis revealed bright green and dark green streakson the patina surface. The portable Raman spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks of cuprite andbasic copper-sulfate corrosion products in the green streaks and the copper-chloride corrosion productatacamite in uneven areas. The portable XRF analysis indicated an increase in the concentrations ofCu, Zn, and Sn, accompanied by a decrease in Pb, suggesting selective dissolution and concentrationof these elements during the corrosion process. Ultrasonic testing unveiled internal defects near thewelds but could not precisely identify the nature of these defects. This study provides basic informationfor the conservation and diagnosis of outdoor bronze sculptures and can guide the conservation andrestoration of similar modern and contemporary cultural heritage and artworks.
A Non-Destructive Analysis of Excavated Fabric Artifacts from An Unclaimed Tomb at the Daejeon Doan-daero Construction Site
Authors: Lee Hwang-Jo , Yu Hyeon-Su , Han Won-Sik , Son Myoung-Soo , Wi Koang-Chul
Published: January 2025

This study presents a scientific analysis of 27 items of clothing excavated recovered from a heritage site within the Daejeon Doan-daero road construction zone. Using optical inspection and nondestructive spectroscopic analysis methods, we examined the textiles for their, states of damage, contaminants, and material compositions, and we employed radiocarbon dating to estimate their age. Visual inspection revealed significant damage to the artifacts, with hardened deposits causing discoloration that changed their original color to a brownish hue. We analyzed the fiber materials using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of plant-based cellulose structures in the fibers. Additionally, we identified the white contaminants on the surfaces of the textiles using FT-IR and found them to contain animal-derived structures, including O-H peaks and N-H amine bonds. Furthermore, the radiocarbon dating results indicated that the textiles likely originated in the early 1600s. These findings thus provide essential foundational data for the preservation and study of historical clothing and excavated textile artifacts from this period.
Petrological Characteristics and Procurement Route of the Rocks Used to Construct Munsusanseong, Gimpo
Authors: Kim Jae hwan , Han Min Su
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to identify and determine the source and procurement route of the rocks used to construct the western rampart castellation and West gate (Gonghaeru) of the Munsusanseong Fortress in Gimpo. Granodiorite, quartzite, schist, and sandstone or pebbly sandstone, identified as the construction rocks, were characterized according to occurrence, magnetic susceptibility, constituent mineral types and textures, and geochemical characteristics. A geological survey of the Munsusan Formation in the vicinity of Munsusanseong and the southern Ganghwa region was undertaken. The sandstone or pebbly sandstone was probably sourced locally; however, the granodiorite is believed to have been sourced externally from southern Ganghwa in the vicinity of Bunori Dondae, another historic fortress, from petrologically and geomorphologically similar granodiorite. Many traces of rock quarrying were observed on a shore platform in this area, and it is believed that the procurement route was via the Yeomha River. This indicates that at the time of construction, during the late Joseon dynasty, economic power and labor mobilization were centered in Ganghwa and its surrounding areas.
Scientific Conservation Treatment of the Gilt-bronze Yoni Excavated from Hong Nang Sida Temple in Lao PDR
Authors: Lee Jae Sung , Chun Yu Gun , Kim Dong Min
Published: January 2025

The gilt-bronze yoni excavated from the Hong Nang Sida Temple in Lao PDR is the first gilt-bronze artifact of its kind to be discovered in Las PDR and is thus recognized for its significant historical value. At the time of its discovery, the bottom of the gilt-bronze yoni had already been damaged and dirt had firmly adhered to its entire body. Therefore, conservation treatment involving surface cleaning, stabilization treatment, reinforcement treatment, attachment of fragments, and restoration of the missing parts was carried out in order to conserve the artifact for a long time. To identify the manufacturing method of the gilt-bronze yoni, observation under an electron microscope and component analysis were carried out, confirming that the exterior was produced by casting using bronze, and then gold plated by amalgam using mercury. Also, based on a digital image analysis that showed extensive corrosion in the upper part of the yoni, it was judged highly likely that the artifact had been directly used in Hindu religious ceremonies. Furthermore, as a result of measuring the radiocarbon age of the molding sand remaining inside the gilt-bronze yoni, the production period was estimated to be around 1,099 土 84 years BP, meaning that the yoni was manufactured around the eleventh or twelfth century, which is similar to the construction period of the Hong Nang Sida Temple.
La tenzone fra Costantino Rodio e Teodoro Paflagone
Authors: CARROZZA Marco
Published: January 2025

This paper provides a critical edition, translation and literary remarks of the thirteen iambic poems that make up the poetic dispute among Constantine Rhodius and Theodore Paphlagon, with the primary aim of highlighting the language and offensive strategies typical of the present λογικὸς ἀγών and, in general, of the Byzantine scoptic poetry, identifying, as far as possible, genre analogies with other satirists of the same era.
Klebsiella pneumoniae with capsule type K64 is overrepresented among invasive disease in Vietnam
Authors: Vu Thi Ngoc Bich , Brisse Sylvain , Dao Tuyet Trinh , Vu Tien Viet Dung , Holt Kathryn E , Nguyen Vu Trung , Tran Thi Kieu Huong , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Diep , van Doorn H Rogier , Wertheim Heiman F L
Published: January 2025

Introduction Recent reports indicate the emergence of community-acquired pneumonia associated with K64- Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). Here, we identify the capsular types and sequence type of invasive and commensal K. pneumoniae isolates from Vietnam. Methods We included 93 K. pneumoniae isolates from patients hospitalized at the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Hanoi between 2007 and 2011; and 110 commensal isolates from throat swabs from healthy volunteers living in rural and urban Hanoi in 2012. We determined sequence types (STs) by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and capsule typing for seven K types by PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion. Results The most common detected capsule types were K1 (39/203, 19.2%, mainly ST23) and K2 (31/203, 15.3%, multiple STs: ST65, ST86, ST380). We found significantly more K2 isolates among invasive in comparison to commensal isolates (22.6% vs 9%, p = 0.01) but no significant difference was observed between invasive and commensal K1 isolates (14.5% vs 24.7%, p = 0.075). K64 with varying sequence types were predominantly seen among invasive K. pneumoniae (8 vs. 3) and were isolated from sepsis and meningitis patients. Among K64 isolates, one was carbapenem-resistant with ST799. Conclusion Our study confirms that capsule type K64 K. pneumoniae is associated with community-acquired invasive infections in Vietnam. Research is needed to unravel the mechanisms of virulence of capsule type K64 in both community and hospital settings.
Problems and Limitations of the Development of the Leasing Services Market in Russia
Authors: Oreshkin M.
Published: January 2025

The author's classification of leasing types is presented. The main problems and limitations of the leasing services market are considered. A SWOT analysis of the factors influencing the leasing services market in Russia has been carried out.