bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas de inclusión socio-laboral para jóvenes: un análisis de las trayectorias de participantes de programas de empleo (PROG.R.ES.AR y PJMMT) en el Conurbano Bonaerense
Authors:   , Roberti María Eugenia
Published: August 2019

La presente tesis es el resultado de la intersección de un conjunto de problemáticas que ponen en diálogo diversas áreas de investigación social: la sociología de la juventud, el campo de las políticas de empleo y los estudios biográficos (en especial, el análisis de trayectorias). En el marco de estos campos de estudio, la investigación se propone abordar la temática de la juventud y el trabajo, buscando contribuir al debate actual que se ha suscitado en torno al problema de la inclusión social y laboral de este grupo etario en la sociedad contemporánea. Considerando estas preocupaciones, el propósito de nuestro estudio es examinar de qué manera las políticas activas de empleo, que se configuran dentro de un nuevo paradigma de protección social, contribuyen a la inclusión socio-laboral de los jóvenes. En este marco, el objetivo que guía la presente investigación consiste en analizar el modo en que se configuran las trayectorias de participantes de programas de empleo, poniendo el foco en la articulación entre el diseño normativo de las políticas, las tramas de actores e instituciones que intervienen en su implementación y la construcción biográfica de sus destinatarios. Desde este lugar, se intenta reflexionar sobre la incidencia de los programas en las trayectorias juveniles, a partir de atender las características específicas que adquieren no sólo los procesos de implementación en el espacio local sino también los sentidos y estrategias que despliegan los propios participantes. Para alcanzar los objetivos formulados, seleccionamos dos políticas de empleo orientadas a jóvenes más importantes de los últimos años: el Programa Jóvenes Más y Mejor Trabajo (PJMMT) y el Programa de Respaldo a Estudiantes Argentinos (Prog.R.Es.Ar). Desde un abordaje cualitativo, empleamos una triangulación intramétodo que recurre a diversas técnicas de producción de información: análisis documental, observaciones participantes y entrevistas en profundidad a agentes institucionales y jóvenes participantes. A partir de un enfoque multi-situado, desarrollamos el trabajo de campo en dos localidades del Conurbano Bonaerense, tomando como epicentro de la investigación las Oficinas de Empleo Municipales, espacio nodal de las articulaciones programáticas.
Las revistas Militancia Peronista para la Liberación y De Frente, con las Bases Peronistas: una propuesta "alternativa" para la identidad política del peronismo revolucionario, 1973-1974
Authors:   , Stavale Mariela
Published: August 2019

Este trabajo investiga los procesos de transformación de la identidad política de dos revistas político-culturales que hasta ahora no han sido analizadas: Militancia Peronista para la Liberación (MPL) y su continuación en De Frente, con las bases peronistas (DF) publicadas entre junio de 1973 y julio de 1974. Ambas publicaciones surgen en el particular contexto del tercer gobierno peronista, luego de años de proscripción política y buscan constituirse como un órgano de expresión amplio de un colectivo heterogéneo: la Tendencia Revolucionaria del Peronismo. Esta tesis doctoral busca problematizar la experiencia editorial y militante del grupo político que surgió en torno a MPL-DF para dar cuenta de los procesos de transformación en su identidad política que constituyeron, a su vez, una propuesta para el conjunto del peronismo revolucionario. Las experiencias que articulan ambas revistas y el interés por identificar elementos de cambios y continuidades de las identidades políticas, nos llevaron a jerarquizar dos dimensiones relevantes. Por un lado, una dimensión diacrónica, buscando tejer puentes con el período previo, es decir, con el proceso de confluencia entre tradiciones político-culturales y la conformación de nuevas identidades políticas que, lejos de cristalizarse, siguieron redefiniendo sus límites. Por otro lado, la dimensión sincrónica nos centró en el período en el que MPL y luego DF fueron publicadas, es decir 1973 y 1974, analizando la experiencia del tercer gobierno peronista y los debates político-ideológicos que, en esta coyuntura, tomaron forma en el seno del peronismo revolucionario.
Síntesis y caracterización de nanodispersiones Mg/Ti como potenciales reservorios de hidrógeno
Authors:   , Biasetti Andrés
Published: August 2019

En el marco del desarrollo tecnológico para una economía energética global sustentable, el estudio de materiales como potenciales reservorios de hidrógeno es un área en pleno desarrollo. La presente Tesis consiste en un estudio básico de materiales nanoestructurados formadores de hidruros basados en Mg. Este material tiene una buena capacidad para almacenar químicamente hidrógeno pero al presentarse en bulk posee limitaciones para hacerlo de manera reversible. Se ensayaron diferentes composiciones y vías de fabricación mediante molienda mecánica reactiva principalmente en atmósfera de H2. Se usaron como aditivos Ti y C, a fin de estudiar las eventuales mejoras en las propiedades de almacenamiento de los hidruros nanoestructurados. Una vez almacenado químicamente el hidrógeno en los materiales (dispersiones en polvo), se estudiaron las propiedades de absorción y desorción de hidrógeno del hidruro formado M g H2 (almacenamiento reversible) y el rol de los aditivos en estos procesos. Para ello fue necesario someter los especímenes a tratamientos térmicos y de presurización los cuales permitieron la re-obtención del hidrógeno molecular (desorción) y su posterior re-absorción (absorción química). Se utilizó volumetría a fin de estudiar y caracterizar las condiciones termodinámicas correspondientes. La técnica, a través del monitoreo del consumo o liberación del hidrógeno in situ, permitió también estudiar las velocidades de los procesos de sorción (cinética). Se caracterizaron y modelaron las curvas cinéticas obtenidas. Se realizaron también experiencias de calorimetría diferencial (DSC) y termogravimetría que permitieron hacer un estudio y caracterización de la cinética a distintas velocidades de calentamiento y enfriamiento. Se recurrió principalmente a la difracción (DRX) y microscopía (SEM y TEM) para la caracterización estructural tanto de los materiales recién preparados como después de ser sometidos a variados ciclos térmicos a diferentes presiones. Los resultados de las experiencias mostraron que los materiales así fabricados presentan propiedades cinéticas de interés. De manera complementaria, los resultados experimentales permitieron a través de una análisis cinético formal, aportar a la comprensión de los mecanismos involucrados en los procesos de absorción y desorción, de acuerdo a las condiciones de presión y temperatura, composición y/o la vía de fabricación.
Discriminación y violencia en dos blogs LGBTIQ
Authors:   , Pérez Riedel Magalí Daniela
Published: August 2019

En esta investigación nos analizamos cómo los medios hegemónicos Clarín y La Nación representan a las personas LGBTIQ a través de sus políticas editoriales en sus editoriales y en los comentarios publicados entre 2012 y 2015 en dos blogs de temática de diversidad sexual, Tod@s y Boquitas pintadas. Indagamos sobre las representaciones discriminatorias y violentas en contra de las personas LGBTIQ y sobre cómo resisten a ellas, a la vez que comparamos las actividades de moderación en cada uno de los blogs para concluir con una reflexión sobre la regulación de contenidos digitales y la libertad de expresión en Internet.
Estudio de catalizadores sólidos heterogéneos en la transesterificación de triglicéridos para obtener biodiesel de segunda generación
Authors:   , Navas Marisa Belén
Published: August 2019

Se considera que la catálisis heterogénea en la reacción de transesterificación de aceites vegetales es promisoria, dada las notorias ventajas que presenta en comparación a la catálisis homogénea. Entre ellas, la posibilidad de reutilización de los catalizadores, la facilidad para implementar procesos continuos, el hecho de que no se formen jabones y una purificación más sencilla del producto. Así, el objetivo general de esta Tesis fue orientado hacia el desarrollo de catalizadores básicos heterogéneos, y el estudio de su comportamiento en la reacción de transesterificación de aceites vegetales, con miras a la producción de biodiesel de segunda generación. En esta tesis fueron preparados dos tipos de catalizadores con la finalidad de emplearlos en dichas reacciones de transesterificación.
Estudio de reactividad de iso(tio)natos para la obtención de (tio)ureidos
Authors:   , Contreras Aguilar Elizabeth
Published: August 2019

En este trabajo de tesis doctoral se sintetizaron y caracterizaron cuatro familias de compuestos, las que se pueden describir como: i) carbonil isocianatos, ii) carbonil isotiocianatos, iii) carbonil ureidos y iv) carbonil tioureidos. El grupo isocianato está compuesto por enlaces dobles acumulados N=C y C=O. Gran parte de la reactividad de este grupo radica en la alta electronegatividad del oxígeno y del nitrógeno, lo cual hace que el carbono central sea altamente electrofílico, a la vez que el grupo concentra una alta densidad electrónica en sus enlaces pi. La alta reactividad química en solución acuosa de los isocianatos los hace particularmente tóxicos que se refleja en el efecto irritante directo sobre los pulmones, los ojos, la piel y la mucosa expuesta. Los efectos directos pueden ser instantáneos como en el caso de MIC (metilisocianato) o manifestarse después de un tiempo. Los polímeros derivados de isocianatos, que incluyen poliureas, poliisocianuratos y poliuretanos, resultan una de las aplicaciones más importantes. Esto se debe a la alta reactividad del grupo isocianato con cualquier molécula que contenga un hidrógeno activo, como por ejemplo alcoholes, aminas, agua y tioles. Para testear la potencial bioactividad de los nuevos (tio)ureidos estudiados en este trabajo, algunos de los compuestos obtenidos fueron evaluados por su inhibición de Quorum sensing (QS) en Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Chromobacterium violaceum.
Búsqueda de supersimetría en procesos con un fotón, electrón/muón y energía perdida en estado final con el detector ATLAS del LHC
Authors:   , Arduh Francisco Anuar
Published: August 2019

El Modelo Estándar de la física de partículas ha demostrado ser una de las teorías más precisas en la actualidad, sin embargo, existen fenómenos en la naturaleza que no son posibles explicarlos con ella. Una de las extensiones posibles con mayor motivación teórica de física más allá del Modelo Estándar es supersimetría (SUSY), que resuelve, entre otras cosas, el problema de jerarquía. Para este trabajo se consideró SUSY en el contexto de General Gauge Mediated SUSY breaking model (GGM), en el que, SUSY está rota a una escala de energía mucho menor que la escala de Planck, resultando en el Gravitino como la partícula supersimétrica estable más liviana (LSP). La segunda partícula supersimétrica más liviana, denominada NLSP por sus siglas en inglés, define la fenomenología de estos modelos. En esta tesis se describe la búsqueda de SUSY en el marco de modelos GGM co-NLSP en colisiones protón-protón a una energía de centro de masa de 8 TeV y 13 TeV en el LHC , en procesos con un fotón, un leptón (electrón o muón) y energía faltante en el estado final. Se trata de modelos donde las masas de la NLSP, chargino y neutralino tipo-wino están prácticamente degeneradas. El análisis fue realizado utilizando todos los datos recolectados por el detector ATLAS durante el año 2012, 2015 y 2016 que corresponden a una luminosidad total integrada de 20.3 1/fb para los de 2012 y 36.1 1/fb para los colectados en 2015 y 2016.
Construyendo el reclamo
Authors:   , Balerdi Soledad
Published: August 2019

Esta tesis es el resultado de una investigación etnográfica que abordó la emergencia y transformación de un conflicto por hábitat en La Plata entre 2013 y 2017. Su objetivo fue seguir un conflicto motivado por el desarrollo de una obra de infraestructura hidráulica y un proyecto de relocalización de viviendas en un barrio popular de la ciudad. Analiza el proceso de construcción de una red de actores heterogénea integrada por habitantes populares, militantes sociales, extensionistas universitarios que impulsaron un reclamo local en torno a la relocalización. Explora, entre otros aspectos, los criterios locales construidos en torno al hábitat, la gestión pública y la acción colectiva; las competencias desplegadas por los actores para reclamar; las modalidades de intervención estatal; las escalas y temporalidades que atravesó el conflicto. El enfoque teórico-metodológico fue elaborado en el cruce entre la etnografía y la sociología pragmática, atendiendo al proceso de construcción de colectivos y demandas, y describiendo el conflicto en su productividad.
Organizaciones que implementan teletrabajo: recomendaciones para facilitar las relaciones sociales satisfactorias en el trabajo
Authors:   , Rubbini Nora Inés
Published: August 2019

El teletrabajo y los equipos distribuidos en red son hoy una realidad en múltiples organizaciones en Argentina. Pero la Administración, en tanto disciplina y en tanto práctica, no tiene en cuenta sus implicancias para las relaciones sociales en el trabajo de quienes lo realizan. Posicionada en el paradigma interpretativo (Vasilachis de Gialdino, 2006), siguiendo un diseño flexible (Mendizábal, 2006) en este trabajo se buscó comprender las percepciones que trabajadores de equipos distribuidos en red tienen de sus relaciones sociales en el trabajo, principalmente en el orden uno-otro (Chanlat, 1994), con el fin de identificar recursos con que las organizaciones empleadoras podrían facilitar las relaciones sociales de sus empleados. Se realizó un estudio instrumental de casos múltiple (Stake, 1999), utilizando la encuesta cualitativa (Jansen, 2012) y la entrevista semiestructurada (Kvale, 2011). La muestra fue intencional combinada con la técnica metodológica “bola de nieve”. En total participaron 76 trabajadores. El análisis de los datos siguió el enfoque propuesto por Taylor y Bodgan (2000). Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que a los trabajadores les importan sus relaciones sociales en el trabajo, que algunos perciben carencias al llevarlas a distancia y mediadas por TICs y que no todos los empleadores se ocupan de facilitarlas. Para hacerlo deberían asegurar tanto el equipamiento y la infraestructura edilicia y de TICs como las tecnologías de gestión, los procesos y procedimientos administrativos adecuados para el desenvolvimiento de los equipos distribuidos en red, cuidando la dinámica interna organizacional. Si bien los resultados no son generalizables, aportan nueva y rica información para la Administración. Ellos, puestos a la luz de la literatura especializada y de conocimientos provenientes de otras disciplinas, permiten sostener que la Administración, tanto en el campo disciplinar como en la práctica, debe repensar el lugar de trabajo, la socialización y la comunicación humana en el trabajo y el cuerpo humano trabajando en las organizaciones propias del “tercer entorno” (Echeverría, 1999) caracterizado por las relaciones sociales a distancia mediadas por las TICs.
¿El Movimiento Obrero Organizado?
Authors:   , Morris María Belén
Published: August 2019

El propósito que orienta esta tesis es aportar al estudio de las vinculaciones entre el sindicalismo y la política en Argentina. Nuestro objetivo es explicar la acción política de la Confederación General del Trabajo y de la Central de Trabajadores de la Argentina entre los años 2007 y 2015. Debido a que no es posible concebir a las centrales sindicales como actores uniformes, nos centramos en un nivel específico de su acción: el de los nucleamientos político-sindicales que las condujeron. Para el análisis realizamos dos señalamientos teóricos. El primero se refiere a los elementos explicativos ponderados en el abordaje de la acción política. En relación con esto, complementamos una dimensión instrumental —dominante en algunos enfoques— con el estudio de las dimensiones organizativas e identitarias que intervienen en la definición de los cursos de acción. El segundo señalamiento apunta a comprender las múltiples arenas sobre las que la acción sindical se emplaza. Aunque buena parte de la literatura ha remitido la acción política del sindicalismo a las instituciones políticas, ésta las rebasa ubicándose dentro y fuera de ellas. Destacamos tres arenas donde analizar la acción política de las centrales sindicales: político-gremial, político-institucional y político-organizativa. La estrategia metodológica de esta tesis es cualitativa y la construcción de información se nutre de distintas fuentes: entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a dirigentes sindicales de los nucleamientos seleccionados, documentos y solicitadas publicadas por las centrales sindicales, información periodística relevada de forma sistemática a partir de dos diarios de tirada nacional (Página/12 y La Nación) y un conjunto de información estadística elaborada por diferentes organismos públicos y privados. La lógica expositiva de los resultados de la investigación está organizada a partir de un recorrido cronológico en el que se pone en funcionamiento el andamiaje conceptual y se reconstruyen de forma articulada los modos de acción política de las centrales sindicales argentinas en diferentes coyunturas.
PORTRAIT PHOTO STUDY AS COMMUNICATION MEDIA IN A POLITICAL CAMPAIGN
Authors: Arya Putra I Putu Dudyk , Surya Dinata Ramanda Dimas , Wijaya Agung
Published: August 2019

Campaign in principle is a process of individual or group communication activities institutionalized and aims to create a certain impact. Political contestation at this time currently uses various media as mass communication. One of the most widely used media communications in political campaigns is portrait photos. In a portrait photo that is seen is the protrusion of a figure in a picture frame. Portrait photos are widely used in today's political campaign media and appear to be a mandatory element in campaign media. Its almost certain when there are political activities such as general elections, presidential elections and others, campaign media that display portraits of political figures can be found in strategic public places. Usually photos that are selected or set to be communicative and the appearance of the expressions from political figures sparks smiles and laughter to gain sympathy from their constituents. The form of portrait photos in campaign media appears in various mediums such as banners, billboards, pins, stickers, posters, t-shirts, and others. The communication that is built in the portrait photo media is non verbal communication that requires viewers to see visuals or images. This become interesting to study because portrait photos are not enough to only be read as visual that display personal figures but can be seen from a social angle because their presence functions as signs and illustrative elements.
The UN Sustainable Development Goals; using WHO ‘Health Promoting Schools’ to create change.
Authors: Macnab Andrew John , Mukisa Ronald
Published: August 2019

Not required for photo essay
Associated factors to attitudes and perceptions toward HIV/AIDS: a study of ethnic minorities in Buon Ma Thuot City, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Thang Nghia , Pham Duoc Tho
Published: August 2019

Background: In Central Highland of Vietnam, number of HIV infected people in the Highlands region was 2,869, with 654 cases of AIDS. There are very few researches on HIV/AIDS, especially, research in community [14]. The ethnic minority populations are the source of differences from other regions of in the country. Negative attitude and misperception toward HIV/AIDS are remaining among this group. To improve the perception and attitude towards HIV/AIDS among Ethnic minorities. This study aims to illustrate attitude and perception towards HIV/AIDS among ethnic minority in Buon Ma Thuot City and determine factors related to attitude and perception towards HIV/AIDS in this population.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey of collected from 810 ethnic minority aged 15-49 in Buon Ma Thuot city, Vietnam in 2012.  Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect information regarding HIV knowledge, HIV perception and attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).  The mean score was calculated. Multivariate analysis performed to analyze the influence of socio-demographic, HIV information sources and HIV knowledge on attitudes and perception towards HIV/AIDS.Results: We identified the mass media channel is common HIV information resource (92.8%), but the respondents received HIV information through mass media channels had lower perception and attitude towards HIV/AIDS. The multivariate analysis showed that the socioeconomic-demographic characteristic, HIV information, and HIV knowledge significantly associated with perception and attitude towards HIV/AIDS. But the HIV information provided by health officers, who are ethnic minorities had more effectiveness of improving attitude towards PLWHA in community (p<0.05).Conclusion: Based on these data, we recommend improving quality of HIV massage through mass media channel with adequate HIV information combine with social messages. Besides, the role of multichannel mass media and the role of health officers is need to combine together.
Engaging schools in diagnosis and treatment of malaria: Evidence of sustained impact on morbidity and behavior
Authors: Macnab Andrew John , Mukisa Ronald , Mutabazi Sharif , Steed Rachel
Published: August 2019

Background:  In low and middle income countries (LMICs) teachers send home children found sick in class devolving subsequent care to parents; where malaria is endemic, morbidity is high as the most parents fail to access WHO-endorsed rapid diagnostic testing (RDT and prompt treatment with artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). Consequently malaria is the principal reason a child misses school; so, we trained teachers to use RDT to evaluate all sick pupils and give ACT promptly to those positive.Aims: Pre, intra and post intervention evaluation of impact of using the WHO Health Promoting School (HPS) model to empower teachers to provide RDT and ACT and engage and inform pupils about malaria in 4 schools in rural Uganda.Methods: Documenting duration of absence from school as a surrogate measure for morbidity and change in children’s knowledge and reported behaviors regarding malaria. Pre-intervention (year 1) baseline evaluation of days of absence and children’s malaria knowledge/behavior; Intervention (year 2) trained teachers administered RDT in all sick children and treated those positive with ADT; Post-intervention (end of year 3) after schools independently continued RDT/ACT and education on malaria.Results: Pre-intervention <1:5 pupils had basic knowledge about malaria (caused by mosquitos; can be prevented; requires rapid diagnosis and prompt medication). In year 1: 953 of 1764 pupils were sent home due to illness. Mean duration of absence was 6.5 (SD 3.17) school days. In year 2: 1066 of 1774 pupils were sick, all had RDT, 765/1066 (68%) tested positive and received ACT; their duration of absence fell to 0.59 (SD 0.64) school days (p<0.001). By year 2 all children knew the signs and symptoms of malaria and had essential epidemiological knowledge. Twelve months post intervention the universality of this knowledge had been sustained and the whole-school focus on malaria continued. Children reported better health, more consistent attendance and improved academic achievement, and had become proactive in prevention strategies; 6% fewer tested positive for malaria; and key health knowledge was being passed to new pupils.Conclusion: Teacher administered RDT/ACT reduced child morbidity from malaria significantly; essential knowledge was generated and new health practices acquired that changed behaviors. Our WHO HPS model is applicable to other LMICs where malaria is endemic and morbidity high.
The effectiveness of discharge planning and range of motion (ROM) training in increasing muscle strength of nonhemorrhagic stroke patients
Authors: Iskandar Mohamat
Published: August 2019

Background: Non-hemorrhagic stroke patients experience hemiparesis, an improper handling results in joint contractures. Discharge planning combined with a range of motion (ROM) training given to patients and their families are expected to improve muscle strength in patients after returning from the hospital. Aims: This study is to identify the effectiveness of discharge planning in increasing muscle strength. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-posttest design. A total of 34 respondents were selected by cluster random sampling technique, from RAA Soewondo Pati General Hospital of Pati, Central Java, Indonesia. The respondents were divided equally into two groups; an intervention group (N = 17) was given a discharge planning program together with stroke information and range of motion (ROM) training while the control group (N = 17) received a standard discharge planning available in the hospital. Further, Muscle Rating Scale (MRS) was employed to assess the muscle strength on the 2nd, 7th, and 14th day after discharge planning presented to the nonhemorrhagic stroke patients. Results: This present study clearly acknowledges the standard discharge planning program available in the hospital improve the muscle strength of the upper and lower extremity in the nonhemorrhagic stroke patients just 2nd day after the care (pretest), and the significant improvement was observed until the day 14. Moreover, combining the care with ROM training at the intervention group faster the recovery and the muscle strength improved significantly at the 7th day and continue increase at the day 14. Looking to the muscle strength since the 2nd day to the day 14, respectively the muscle strength of upper and lower limb at the control group improved at the point of 0.588 and 0.882, while at the group received the ROM training reached the value of 1.472 and 1.412. Conclusions: The ROM training combined to the current discharge planning program will faster the muscle strength recovery of the nonhemorrhagic stroke patients. This research provide insight how family plays important role to the success in monitoring the rehabilitation and recovery progress.
Mothers' knowledge of the causes and prevention associated with diarrhea among under-five children in Hlaing Thar Yar Township, Yangon, Myanmar
Authors: Lwin Khaing Zar , Edi Putra I Gusti Ngurah
Published: August 2019

Background: Diarrhea among under-five children remains a major public health problem in developing countries, such as Myanmar. Its complications contribute to the worse health outcomes as well as increase the child mortality in Myanmar. Hlaing Thar Yar was recognized as a township with the highest incidence of diarrhea in Yangon region. Aims: This study aimed to identify the association of mother’s knowledge on diarrhea with the diarrheal disease among under-five children in Hlaing Thar Yar Township, Yangon, Myanmar. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study by collecting primary data in the Hlaing Thar Yar Township of Yangon, Myanmar from November to December 2016. About 277 records of mothers and their under-five children have been collected through multistage random sampling. A dependent variable in this study was the occurrence of diarrhea among under-five children whilst independent variables consisted of socio-demographic characteristics of parents and five domains of mother’s knowledge on diarrhea. Data were analyzed by using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: This study found that a half (53.43%) of under-five children suffered diarrhea within two weeks prior to the survey. Based on multivariate analysis by controlling all socio-demographic factors, two out of five domains of mother’s knowledge showed significant association. An increased one score of mother’s knowledge on causes and prevention of diarrhea contributed to decrease the likelihood of diarrheal disease by 37% (OR=0.63; 95%CI=0.44-0.90) and 27% (OR=0.73; 95%CI=0.54-0.99), respectively. Conclusions: This study confirmed that the knowledge of mothers on causes and prevention of diarrhea appears to have important effects on the occurrence of diarrhea among the under-five children. Therefore, health promotion program with an emphasis on providing information related to diarrhea causes and prevention is worth to enhance mother’s knowledge and their ability to prevent diarrhea among under-five children in Hlaing Thar Yar Township, Yangon.
A modified gentle human touch (GHT) to increase oxygen saturation levels on low birth weight infants: A study at a Private and Public Hospital in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Riadini Agi Yulia , Suwandono Agus , Runjati Runjati
Published: August 2019

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) care in hospitals often causes discomfort and stress which affect changes in physiological function. Modification of gentle human touch with the left lateral position is described as a treatment for developmental care that supports the comfort and supportive position of the lungs which is expected to have a positive effect on oxygen saturation and respiratory frequency for infants.Aims: This study aimed to find the effect of gentle human touch modification with a left lateral position on oxygen saturation in LBW infants.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design study. The population in this study was 36 LBW babies who received care, selected at a private and public hospital in Central Java, Indonesia, using a consecutive sampling technique. The infants were then divided equally to: (i) a group who received a standard human touch given at the hospital, with a supine position (control), and (ii) a group where the infants have been provided with a modified gentle human touch with left lateral position (intervention). The statistical test used was Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon test.Results: From this study, it is acknowledged that modification gentle human touch with the left lateral position was more effective in increasing oxygen saturation than the control group when viewed from clinical changes. The oxygen saturation levels after intervention reached 98 to 99%. However, from the statistical analysis, it has been noted that the mean difference between the two groups is not significantly different at a level of 0.05.Conclusions: A modified gentle human touch with the left lateral position proposed in this study presents a positive contribution to the oxygen saturation of low birth weight infants. Thus, the findings may recommend the modification as a procedure in a hospital care unit for low birth weight infants at hospitals or at home. Keywords: Gentle human touch, Left lateral position, Low birth weight babies, Oxygen saturation.
The combination of alkaline water provision and asthma-induced gymnastics towards peak expiratory flow rate of asthma patients at Surakarta Lung Clinic, Indonesia
Authors: Permadani Agista Delima , Mardiyono Mardiyono , Santjaka Aris
Published: August 2019

Background: Asthma is an abnormality in the form of chronic airway inflammation which can be reduced by providing asthma-induced gymnastics and healthy lifestyle such as consuming alkaline water.Aims: The objective of this study is to examine a combination of alkaline water provision and asthma-induced gymnastics towards peak expiratory flow rate of asthma patients at Surakarta Lung Clinic, IndonesiaMethods: This research was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with control group. The number of respondents in this study was 30 respondents, divided equally into intervention group and control group. The control group was given asthma-induced gymnastics twice a week for 14 days with duration of 60 minutes, while the intervention group was provided with a combination of alkaline water pH9+ for 14 days as much as 1,200 ml/day and asthma-induced gymnastics 4 times a week for 14 days with a duration of 60 minutes.Results: There was a significant difference in the value of peak expiratory flow for 14 days in the intervention group and the control group (p < 0.001). There was an improvement in the average of peak expiratory flow rate values for each measurement in both groups, however, this study orchestrates that the intervention group has a higher improvement than the control group. The combination of alkaline water and asthma-induced gymnastics effectively and significantly improves the peak expiratory flow rate values at the Day 8 (p = 0.039) and the Day 14  (p = 0.012).Conclusion: The combination of alkaline water and asthma-induced gymnastics can be applied in nursing care management in patients with intermittent and persistent asthma.  Keywords: Alkaline Water, Asthma Gymnastics, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Asthma.
Potential of garlic (Allium sativum) essence in changing blood lipid profile of hypertension patients with hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Hadi Hadi , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Ramlan Djamaluddin
Published: August 2019

Background: As like hypertension, hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and hypertension and its complications are one of the highest causes of death in the world.Aims: This study aims to determine the potential of garlic essence (Allium sativum) mixed with honey in changing blood pressure and lipid profile of blood in the hypertension patients with hypercholesterolemia, and to compare the effectiveness with those who received Simvastatin, the most preferred pharmacological treatment of hyperlipidemia.Methods: This research is a quasy experiment study with a Nonequivalent control group design. There were 22 hypercholesterolemia outpatients purposively selected from local health centers. The respondents were then divided equally to (a) a control group where the patients were provided with generic Simvastatin 10 mg single dose taken once in the afternoon, and (b) an intervention group where the respondents received a non-pharmacological supplement of garlic essence in 2 grams honey. The blood pressure and the blood lipid profile were examined before (Pretest) and at the Day 22 after the treatment (Posttest). The collected data was then analyzed using a T-test to define the significant mean difference between two groups, and a Cohen’s effect was measured to interpret the size of changes.Results: Either the additions of Simvastatin or the provision of garlic essence mixed with honey decreased the blood pressure (systole and diastole) and the cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol, but increased the HDL cholesterol. While significant difference was observed for all parameters at the intervention group, the improvement at the control group for triglyceride was not significant (p value = 0.041). Overall, by the Cohen's effect size effect, we can interpret that the changes was moderate for diastole and systole blood pressure, and also triglyceride and DLD-cholesterol; however the effect size was low for Cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol. Conclusion: The findings show the importance of the garlic essence mixed with honey to be offered as a nutritional supplement for hypertensive patients with hypercholesterolemia.  Keywords: Garlic (Allium sativum) essence, Simvastatin, Hypertension, Hypercholesterolemia, Blood pressure, Blood lipid profile.
Protected Sex with Paid Sexual Partner among Married Men in Indonesia
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi
Published: August 2019

Background: Married men who are male clients of sex workers play an important role as “bridge population” of HIV infection from the concentrated epidemic population to the general population. This study aimed to investigate the protected sex with last paid sexual partner among currently married men in Indonesia.  Method: A nationally representative population-based survey, 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) which covered 33 provinces in Indonesia was applied in this study. Out of 9,306 currently married men, 510 records of married men who reported for ever paying someone for having sex were eligible for this study. A dependent variable was protected sex (i.e. condom use) at last sex with a paid sexual partner whilst independent variables consisted of socio-demographic factors, spousal communication on HIV prevention, knowledge of HIV prevention, and attitude of condom use. Binary logistic regression was applied for bivariate and multivariate analysis.Results: Prevalence of condom use with a paid sexual partner at last sex among currently married men was 27.86% [95%CI=23.89-32.20]. Based on multivariate analysis, married men were less likely to use a condom with a paid sexual partner if they aged ≥ 40 years old (OR=0.48; 95%CI=0.30-0.76) versus those aged < 40 years old and worked in some sectors: clerical (OR=0.22; 95%CI=0.08-0.61), sales (OR=0.40; 95%CI=0.17-0.95), agricultural/self-employed (0.32; 95%CI=0.13-0.75), skilled manual (OR=0.38; 95%CI=0.18-0.79) compared to those working in professional/technical/engineering sectors. However, those who were from poorer (OR=2.28; 95%CI=1.08-4.82) and richest household (OR=3.08; 95%CI=1.32-7.20) were more likely to perform protected sex compared to the poorest ones. In addition, the likelihood of protected sex also increased when married men had spousal communication on HIV prevention (OR=1.84;95%CI=1.17-2.90), knew that using condoms can reduce HIV infection (OR=2.15; 95%CI=1.14-4.08) and had a positive attitude of using condoms can protect against diseases (OR=3.05; 95%CI=1.14-8.16). Conclusion: Interventional approaches for increasing protected sex among married men as clients of sex workers should be integrated with existing HIV program among other key affected populations (e.g., FSWs) at sex workers’ workplaces setting through providing HIV-related information, ensuring uninterrupted stocks of condoms, and enforcing condom use regulation.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MARKET PLACE ACTIVITY BERBANTUAN INTERNET DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PAI KELAS VIII SMPN 3 LEMBANG KAB. PINRANG
Authors: Irwan Irwan
Published: August 2019

This article discusses about application of learning model of Internet-based place market place in improving result of learning process of Islamic Religion Class VIII SMPN 3 Lembang Pinrang District. This study aims to determine the learning outcomes before and after the implementation of learning model Internet Place Activity assisted the internet, and whether there is an increase in learning results of Islamic Religious Education. This type of research includes experimental research, as it seeks to obtain objective, valid, and reliable data using numerical data, preferably pretest and posttest learning, observation and documentation. Data obtained through observation, tests, and documentation. The results of this study indicate, (1) The result of student learning process before the treatment (pretest) application of learning model of Market Place Activity assisted Internet, obtained mean (mean) equal to 64,12. (2) The result of student learning process after treatment (posttest)) application of learning model of Internet Place Activity with Internet, obtained mean (mean) equal to 87,64. And the improvement of the learning outcomes in the implementation of the Class VIII Classroom Internet Activity Learning model at SMPN 3 Lembang shows a significant improvement. Based on the research that has been done will give the impact of a better learning process. Some of the implications in this research as a form of learning process development that the teacher expected should be able to implement the Active, Innovative, Creative, Effective and Exciting Learning Model on teaching and learning activities by using methods and varied classroom settings and using modules, So it can lead to student motivation in learning.
URGENSI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER SEBAGAI PENGEMBANGAN MENTAL PESERTA DIDIK DI MTS. AS’ADIYAH PUTRA II PUSAT SENGKANG
Authors: Mawaddah Nurul
Published: August 2019

This article aims to describe mental, character education form, and the urgency of character education of learners in MTs.As'adiyah Putra II Sengkang Center. Type of research used in this research is qualitative research with descriptive analysis and phenomenology approach. The paradigm of this study is qualitative by using analytical induction. The main instrument in this study is the researcher herself with several types of instruments are: interview guides, observation guides, field notes, and Crosscheck. In data processing, the researcher did the reduction, displaying and conclusion. The results showed that learners’ character in MTs.As'adiyah Putra II Center of Sengkang at the low level, it was indicated by the low level of self-awareness, has not got a sense of satisfaction and still need to foster peer relationships among teachers, parents and social environment. The form of character education which were done: First, integrating the values of character in learning activities. Second, extracurricular activities.Third, providing understanding and appreciation of the values of characters that are integrated into each subject being taught.Fourth, Familiarizing prayers in congregation in school and lecture training.Fifth, recitations and barasanji.Sixth, the participation of the school community in developing mental learners.Seventh, designing a conducive school atmosphere.Character education in MTs.As'adiyahPuta II Sengkang Center is very important to prepare learners able to face challenges of increasingly complex life dynamics.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN HURUF HIJAIYAH BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA AL-QURAN PESERTA DIDIK KELAS III SD NEGERI 1 PAREPARE
Authors: Munir Wahyuni
Published: August 2019

This study discusses the Effectiveness of Using Hijaiyah Letters Learning Media Based Multimedia toward al-Quran reading Ability of the third grade students in SD Negeri 1 Parepare. The purpose of this thesis to know the al-Quran reading ability of students before and after Hijaiyah Letters Learning Media based Multimedia applied and then to know the the Effectiveness of Using Hijaiyah Letters Learning Media Based Multimedia toward al-Quran reading Ability of the third grade students in SD Negeri 1 Parepare.This type of research is a true-experimental research. The True-experimental research design used is Pre-Test and Post-Test Control Group Design, which means that there are two groups selected at random, then given pre test to know the initial state is there any difference between the experimental group and the control group. Data source is all students of the third grade students in SD Negeri 1 Parepare that is class III a and III b; Research instruments are Observation Sheet, reading test of Quran and Student Response Questionnaire; Data collection techniques are Observation, Test, and Questionnaire Technique; Processing Technique and analysis data includes Descriptive Statistics and Infrensial Statistics Analysis which includes Normality Test, Homogeneity Test, and Hypothesis Testing. The results of this research are: (1) The students of the experimental class and the control class have the ability to read al-Quran before being given treatment using Hijaiyah Letters Learning Media Based Multimedia. Both fall into the category quite smoothly. Then, al-Quran reading ability of experimental class after being treated better than the results of post-test control class, where the average result of the experimental class is 74.78 while the control class is 63.19 and belong to the category quite smoothly (2) The use of Hijaiyah Letters Learning Media Based Multimedia, proved to be effective can improve students' reading ability of the Quran. This result is proved by the increase of al-Quran reading ability, students activity during learning is good and student's response to learning activity is positive.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI SMK NEGERI 1 PAREPARE
Authors: Jufri Muhammad
Published: August 2019

This article discusses about the Effectiveness of Learning Student Team Achievement Division in Improving Student Learning Outcomes in SMK Negeri 1 Parpare. The importance of this research is done because of the essence of learning trough student team achievement division and the implementation steps have not been done on the research object. The level of learning decided of student still need to be maximized to achieve the minimum completion criteria established by the school. The objective of the research is to know the form of implementation and effectiveness of learning trough Student Team Achievement Division in improving the outcomes (result) of learning Islamic Religion Education for the eleventh grade on SMK Negeri 1 Parepare.The research setting used in this research is a classroom action research which was conducted cyclically with experimental approach. The subjects of this research are the eleventh grade (class) on SMK Negeri 1 Parepare and the numbers of the subjects are 25 student. The method of data collection as research instrument is test, participant observation sheet, and documentation, the data analysis technique used frequency distribution analysis.The research result found that: (1) the implementation of learning student team achievement division has a positive impact on the cooperation among student which is shown by the responsibility of the students in the group, in the learning process by using the learning student team achievement division that is done in cyclical technique student activeness has improved better than using lecturing method. (2) The results of learning Islamic Religion Education have been increased after using the learning student team achievement division. This can be shown from the average score of the students test, the average of pre test is 70,4; in the first cycle the score average of the post test increased up to 85,80; and in the final test (post test) of the second cycle the score average increased up to 96,60. As cocnclusion, Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) as learning strategy is effective to improve the students learning outcomes of the eleventh grade of SMK Negeri 1 Parepare.
IMPLEMENTASI NILAI-NILAI TOLERANSI BERAGAMA PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Yunus Muhammad
Published: August 2019

This research is aimed to investigate in this research to know how the implementation of the values of religious tolerance in PAI learning at SMP Negeri 1 Amparita, The support and inhibiting factors and how the implementation of the values of religious tolerance in learning PAI at the school. This research is a qualitative descriptive method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection in this research is the observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and triangular. While analyzing data is obtained by the researcher using reduction data, presentation data and verification data. The result of the research shows that the implementation of the values of religious tolerance in PAI learning at SMP Negeri 1 Amparita is done by 1) Giving an opportunity to all students to follow the teaching of religion based on their religion, 2) Creating a tolerant climate in each lesson ( learn the different, creating an mutual trust, maintaining an mutual understanding, Revering an mutual love). 3) Make deeper related the material ( values of tolerance). The supporting factors including The government policy that has given the rules about embed the values of tolerance among religions, There is adequate facilities, the establishment of cooperation between the school community in religious activities. As for the inhibiting factors including the level of ability, The students have a different an emotional maturity, the school lacks educators Hinduism, the school lacks facilities (instructional media), limited time in learning. The success of the implementation of the values of religious tolerance in PAI learning is all the students who Moslem able to work together without discriminating against religion. The students have a high faith (religious), the students and teachers can be tolerance for each other, the students and teachers have a democratic character, The creation of harmony and good solidarity.