bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and Perception of Collaborative Learning among Undergraduates Students: Introduction of Jigsaw Method in Forensic Toxicology
Authors: Kumar R. Chetan , Bansal Prerna , Shandilya Hemant , Singhal Aparna , Bansal Anupam Kumar , Agarwal Harish Kumar S
Published: October 2024

Background:

Didactic teaching being teacher centric usually does not generate sense of responsibility for learning among the students. The Jigsaw method is a form of cooperative learning that improves not only the cognitive but also the affective and psychomotor skills, which are required by a student to become an Indian Medical Graduate. Thus, this study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of Jigsaw strategy in comparison to didactic teaching and to understand the perception of the students.

Methodology:

This was a quasi-experimental study conducted among second year MBBS students. They were randomly assigned to lecture and Jigsaw groups. A topic on general toxicology was chosen. Handouts were prepared which were given to all the students. The lecture group was taught using audio visual aids. The topic was sub divided into five subtopics for Jigsaw group. A post test consisting of MCQs was used to assess the effectiveness of the method. A validated questionnaire was used to gather feedback from the students belonging to Jigsaw Group. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses to the Likert scale questions.

Results:

The present study included a total of 65 II year MBBS students, out of which 30 students were in Jigsaw group. A total of 94% students agreed to participate actively in the Jigsaw session. Most of the students (93%) students listened to and respected the ideas of their peers. A total of 72% students found this method of learning useful in Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. Only 53% of the students felt that the time for preparation and presentation of the topic was sufficient.

Conclusions:

The present study advocates this cooperating learning method to be an effective tool in better understanding of the subject, to improve communication skills and to inculcate lifelong learning attitude among the medical graduates. The jigsaw method, however, requires more time for planning and execution, to yield positive outcomes.
Comparative Evaluation of a Leadership Skills Module among Male and Female Junior MBBS Students in a West Bengal Medical College
Authors: Baral Sampad Kumar , Chaudhuri Arunima , Adhya Debasis
Published: October 2024

Background:

A competent Indian medical graduate must fulfill five roles: clinician, leader and member of the health-care team, communicator, lifelong learner, and professional. Leadership and management skills are essential for physicians to take responsibility as team leaders.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of a leadership skills module among male and female junior MBBS students in a medical college in West Bengal.

Methodology and Participants:

This observational cross-sectional study included male and female junior MBBS students, following institutional ethical clearance and informed consent. Students were divided into eight groups, provided with recorded YouTube videos, and participated in live interactive sessions and a fishbowl game to demonstrate leadership skills. Three online questionnaires assessed leadership skills, personality types, and leadership styles. Feedback was collected from students. Data were analyzed and compared between male and female students.

Results:

Out of 257 students who completed all tasks, personality types were assessed: ENFJ was the most common among males (25%), while ESTP and INFP were the least common (0.65% each). Among females, INFJ and INTJ were the most common (19.23% each), and ESTJ and ESFJ were the least common (0.96% each). Leadership scores (mean ± standard deviation) for males: authoritative 7 ± 2.30, democratic 9 ± 2.06, facilitative 9 ± 1.94, situational 9 ± 1.93, and leadership skills 65.05 ± 15.33. For females: authoritative 7 ± 2.21, democratic 9 ± 1.77, facilitative 9 ± 1.31, situational 9 ± 1.65, and leadership skills 64.15 ± 14.87. No significant differences were found between male and female students in these scores.

Conclusion:

Workshops on leadership skills improved student motivation and made learning enjoyable. Students were satisfied with the leadership skills taught, and the study increased awareness about leadership skills among students.
Questionnaire to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Awareness Regarding Coma among the Informal Caregivers of Comatose Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Kumar Sanjiv , Swaminathan Aishwarya
Published: October 2024

Background:

Comatose is a perilous state that is contemplated as a medical emergency. Coma impacts the primary caregiver’s daily living that has debilitating effects. Informal caregivers of comatose patients experience emotional symptoms or grief due to the prolonged illness of an individual. As there is a lack or deficient awareness and knowledge regarding the condition, the attitude toward the condition or grief could be a contributory factor. Considering these factors, the knowledge, attitude, awareness-comatose caregiver questionnaire (KAA-CCQ) was developed for evaluation.

Methodology:

The KAA-CCQ was developed in two stages. Stage 1 - Development of the questionnaire included conceptualization and item generation. Stage 2: - Expert review, content validity, and item modification. Content validity index (CVI) was analyzed using Microsoft Excel sheet 2013.

Results:

The computed CVI final score for the questionnaire was 0.91.

Conclusion:

The KAA-CCQ developed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding coma in informal caregivers of comatose patients achieved a statistically satisfactory content validity.
Surgical Management of Popliteal Cyst in Pediatric Age Group: A Series of Ten Cases
Authors: Chakraborty Partha , Chakraborty Sourav , Ghosh Somdeep , Halder Pankaj Kumar , Das Debanjali , Sarayan Asmita
Published: October 2024

The popliteal cyst (PC) is an abnormal dilation of the gastrocnemio-semimembranosus bursa, which is located in the popliteal fossa. It may manifest as an acute and dramatic condition or a chronically persistent or relapsing swelling. Inadvertent diagnoses of cysts in children are common. The available treatments include arthroscopic and open surgical excision, as well as nonsurgical or less invasive methods. Children with PCs rarely have accompanying intra-articular pathology, in contrast to adults; hence, open surgical removal over arthroscopy is favored. Here, we highlight 10 cases of PCs as well as share our experiences regarding diagnosis and surgical outcomes.
Efficacy of Transcerebellar to Abdominal Circumference versus Head Circumference to Abdominal Circumference Ratio in Predicting Asymmetrical Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Authors: Najeeb Noorain Fatima , Sadhana Cimona Lyn
Published: October 2024

Background:

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is when a fetus is not able to achieve its genetic growth potential. The high incidence of FGR in the general obstetric population and its low recognition together lead to increased perinatal morbidity and mortality, and its early detection is useful in deciding the frequency of antenatal surveillance and optimizing the time of delivery to improve the neonatal outcome. The transverse cerebellar diameter/abdominal circumference (TCD/AC) ratio is a gestational age-independent parameter, which may be helpful in the early detection of FGR.

Objectives:

To compare the accuracy of transcerebellar to AC with head circumference (HC) to AC in predicting asymmetrical FGR after 20 weeks of gestation and to determine the significance of TCD and TCD/AC relationship in predicting fetal outcome as expressed by perinatal morbidity and mortality.

Study Design:

A prospective observational study.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective observational study was conducted in the Postgraduate Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. A total of 300 patients were taken and divided into two groups: Group A (patients of suspected FGR clinically) and Group B (healthy women with morphologically normal fetuses) in the age group of 18–35 years. Subjects with singleton, nonanomalous pregnancy, reliable dates, favorable lie to visualize posterior fossa, and gestation of 20 weeks or more, were taken from the said age group and followed for maternal and neonatal outcome.

Results:

The difference in TCD/AC ratio between patients with FGR (14.8 ± standard deviation [SD]) and without FGR (13.10 ± SD) is statistically significant with a P < 0.0001 with good sensitivity (93%), specificity (94%), and diagnostic accuracy (93.66%) in predicting asymmetrical FGR when compared to HC/AC ratio with sensitivity 83%, specificity 93%, and diagnostic accuracy of 89.66%.

Conclusion:

The TCD/AC ratio is constant throughout pregnancy and is increased in FGR compared to normal pregnancy and can be used as a screening test to diagnose FGR.
A Laboratory Approach Consideration for Thrombotic Risk Assessment in Transfusion-dependent Beta-thalassemia Major Utilizing Complete Blood Count Cell Population Data and Basic Screening Hemostatic Parameters
Authors: Gowda R. Yashica , Gudi Jayaraj G. , Mandolikar Ravindra Y. , Srevatsa Karthik , Kangle Ranjit P. , Jali Sujata M.
Published: October 2024

Objective:

The objective of the study was to evaluate prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT) along with activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and its association with platelet and red blood cell (RBC) cell population data for initial assessment of thrombotic tendencies.

Materials and Methods:

Blood samples of 43 patients diagnosed with a beta-thalassemia major who were transfusion dependant were taken for assessment of mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT), and platelet distribution width (PDW) along with RBC distribution width and correlated with APTT.

Results:

Elevated APTT and PT were noted among patients with thalassemia along with elevated PCT and red cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV). Reduced PDW was noted. Elevated APTT was positively associated with RDW and MPV and negatively associated with PDW and PCT.

Conclusion:

In our study, elevated levels of PCT RDW CV, PT, and APTT were observed. Elevated levels of APTT were also noted to be positively correlated with MPV and RDW CV.
Association of Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index with Coordination in Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shekh Firdosh Firozbhai , Ramrakhiyani Harsha , Landge Pragna
Published: October 2024

Background:

Coordination is the ability to execute smooth, accurate, controlled movement. The worldwide prevalence of developmental coordination disorder is 6%. Aging causes changes in the capacity to carry out fluid, precise, and controlled motor responses. The link between coordination and body mass index (BMI) was the opposite. Boys are typically more active than girls in their daily lives. The outcome measure is the Comprehensive Coordination Scale (CCS).

Aim:

The aim of this study was to study the relationship of age, gender, and BMI with coordination in adults.

Materials and Methodology:

374 participants who met the inclusion criteria were recruited from various areas of Vadodara district. Then, use CCS which is composed of six components. Then applied all 6 components on each participant. The total score will be calculated. Then correlate these scores between the age, gender, and BMI of the participants and after that determine if any correlation between age, gender, and BMI with coordination of participants is present or not.

Results:

Data were calculated using standardized questionnaire. Analyses were performed with SPSS version 27.0, R version 4.2. Data normality was determined using Shapiro–Wilk test. Spearman’s rank correlation test was applied to find the correlation between age and BMI with coordination and point – Biserial correlation test was applied to find the correlation between gender and coordination. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The present study concluded that age has a positive correlation with coordination, gender has no correlation at all, and BMI has a negative correlation with coordination.
Embryonic dormancy in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae): a survival and dispersal mechanism
Authors: Germano KO , De Souza LAF , Amaral AMR , Honório NA , Camara-Lima T , Costa-Ribeiro MCV
Published: October 2024

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main vectors of arboviruses such as dengue, Zika virus, and chikungunya. Ae. aegypti is a widely spread mosquito in tropical and subtropical regions, whereas Ae. albopictus is a culicid of Asian origin that shows exophilic behavior and can be found in subtropical and temperate areas. Climatic factors could influence the distribution of both species, making them use genetic and environmental resources to adapt to the environment, activating survival mechanisms (embryonic dormancy) that increase the developmental period and keep their offspring in the environment. From this perspective, this review aimed to compare the different physiological mechanisms of embryonic dormancy between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus and their impact on the development and environmental adaptability of these two species. A total of 62 articles were identified in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases corresponding to the period from 1981 to 2021. In diapause, the results mentioned above are indirectly linked to temperature and directly linked to photoperiod variations. With regard to quiescence, temperature and humidity are directly related to the activation of this mechanism. In conclusion, it is essential to highlight the expansion of arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika virus and their relationship with embryonic dormancy, diapause and quiescence, extremely important strategies for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus to keep their offspring in the environment under adverse conditions.
Characterization of Anopheles mosquito breeding habitats for malaria vector control in Mazowe and Shamva districts, Zimbabwe
Authors: Nyasvisvo David S , Tamuka Nhiwatiwa , Rudo Sithole , Shadreck Sande
Published: October 2024

Background & objectives:

Area-specific identification and studies of Anopheles breeding habitat diversity, distribution, and productivity in different seasons are important in designing and advancing effective malaria vector control according to the local context and needs. This study identified and characterized Anopheles breeding habitats for targeted control of malaria vectors in Mazowe and Shamva districts.

Methods:

Repeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Mazowe and Shamva districts between April and December 2023. Habitat productivity and physicochemical parameters were measured. Anopheles larvae were collected, reared to adults, and identified using morphological keys. SPSS software was used for data analysis. One-way ANOVA, Fisher’s exact, Pearson’s correlation, and simple linear regression tests were conducted.

Results:

Seven different types of Anopheles breeding habitats were identified from 56 sites. The highest mean density of larvae was recorded in stream edge pools during the post-rainfall period. Anophelespretoriensis (67.4%), An. gambiae s.l. (23.1%), An. rufipes (9.2%) and An. coustani (0.38%) were breeding in the study area. Anopheles pretoriensis bred in all habitat types, An. coustani in swamps only while An. gambiae s.l. and An. rufipes preferred stream edge pools, roadside pools, and hoof prints. There was a significant positive correlation between larval density and dissolved oxygen (r = 0.535; p < 0.001) and conductivity (r = 0.288; p = 0.032).

Interpretation & conclusion:

Size, origin, and type of breeding habitat were positive indicators for different Anopheles species in the study area. Potential malaria vector breeding habitats should be targeted for larval control under the current malaria control and elimination phases in the two districts.
Accelerating the fight towards malaria elimination: bridging gaps to achieve health equity in India
Authors: Chalageri Vani H , Shrinivasa BM , Sujith Nath N , Nandish Prerana , Anvikar Anup
Published: October 2024

Malaria continues to remain a serious threat to public health, especially in regions with socio-economic and healthcare disparities. The paper attempts to contextualise the current scenario of malaria transmission, the advancement made towards its elimination and the multi-dimensional strategies that may be required to overcome cultural and regional barriers; with a focus on India’s goal to eliminate malaria by 2030.
Low carbon energy industry and network economy prediction based on sensors and real-time data processing
Authors: Zhao Zhujun
Published: October 2024

The widespread use of sensors provides a large amount of real-time data for enterprises and decision-makers, providing more accurate information support for the prediction and decision-making of the network economy. With the help of Internet of Things technology, the data collected by sensors is transmitted in real time to data centers or cloud platforms. Real time data processing technology is used to clean, denoise, and analyze the data in real time, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of the data. Perform pattern recognition and trend analysis on historical data, discover hidden patterns and correlations in the data, construct predictive and decision-making models to predict future economic trends and make reasonable decisions, continuously optimize and adjust the model to adapt to real-time data changes and dynamic changes in the economic environment, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of the model. The experimental results show that the network economy prediction and decision-making model based on sensor networks and Internet of Things technology can more accurately predict economic development trends, improve decision-making efficiency and accuracy. The large amount of data provided by sensor networks provides sufficient support for the construction and optimization of models.
On compact extensions of tracial $W^{*}$-dynamical systems
Authors: Jamneshan Asgar , Spaas Pieter
Published: October 2024

We establish several classification results for compact extensions of tracial

W^{*}

-dynamical systems and for relatively independent joinings thereof for actions of arbitrary discrete groups. We use these results to answer a question of Austin, Eisner, and Tao and some questions raised by Duvenhage and King. Moreover, combining our results with an earlier classification of weakly mixing extensions by Popa, we can derive non-commutative Furstenberg–Zimmer type dichotomies on the

L^{2}

-level. Although in general an adequate generalization of the Furstenberg–Zimmer tower of intermediate compact extensions does not seem possible in the von Neumann algebraic framework, we show that there always exists a non-commutative analogue of the finer Host–Kra–Ziegler tower for any ergodic action of a countable abelian group.
Exploring Racial and Gender Biases in Employment: A Case Study for the Tech and Finance Industries in the USA
Authors: Malik Jaiditya
Published: October 2024

This study examines the influence of racial and gender biases on employment outcomes in the United States' tech and finance sectors. It explores how racial biases affect employment opportunities and contribute to wage gaps in these industries, while also investigating how gender biases impact career progression and hiring practices. Additionally, the study analyzes the intersection of race and gender to understand how these combined factors intensify discrimination in employment outcomes, offering a comprehensive view of the challenges faced by minority groups in these fields.
The Relationship Between the Volatility of the S&P 500 and CBOE Volatility Index (VIX)
Authors: Shah Jainam
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the bidirectional Granger causation between the CBOE Volatility Index (VIX) and the volatility of the S&P 500 Index utilizing data obtained from Yahoo Finance. The GARCH (1,1) model is employed for the estimation of conditional volatility. This study employs Granger Causality Tests to determine whether the volatility of the S&P 500 can be forecasted by the VIX Index and vice versa. The results show significant bidirectional Granger causality, indicating that the VIX Index and the S&P 500's historical volatility may be accurately predicted from each other. This study contributes to a better understanding of the dynamic relationship between the volatility of the S&P 500 and the VIX Index.
A Critical Analysis of the Impact of Freebies on the Indian Economy in Recent Times
Authors: Bhatnagar Viraj
Published: October 2024

An attempt will be made to understand and analyze the widespread impact of freebies and welfare schemes, announced by State and Central governments, on the Indian Economy. This paper emphasizes specifically on the adverse impacts of the growing trend of ‘freebies’, as a part of election campaigning.
Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) and its Impact on Healthcare Inequalities in India
Authors: Chatwal Safira
Published: October 2024

This article is about the healthcare inequalities that are persistent in the Indian healthcare system, and how effectively the Ayushman Bharat policy limits these inequalities. Ayushman Bharat, also known as Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY), is a health initiative launched by the Government of India in 2018. This policy seeks to provide accessible and affordable healthcare to the economically disadvantaged and vulnerable sections of Indian society, aiming to mitigate healthcare inequalities. Despite the policy's many successes, its aim has not been completely achieved due to shortfalls in the policy's implementation paired with societal inequalities (especially persistent in the marginalized communities). Therefore, this paper shows and addresses these inequalities, with policy recommendations on how to develop the implementation of the policy to further limit inequalities in the Indian healthcare sector.
Effectiveness of the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Campaign: Application of Nudge Theory to Address Gender Imbalance in Northern India
Authors: Goel Rhea
Published: October 2024

Gender imbalance is a significant socio-cultural issue. The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (B3P) campaign of the Indian Government referred to nudge theory to promote gender equality and reduce the perceived burden of the girl child. It has however shown limited effectiveness in certain northern states like Haryana where it is being run in 95% of the districts. This research investigates how nudge theory can be better employed to bring about the required behavioral change. The B3P campaign includes financial incentives, facilitation of female education, and public awareness initiatives. Regardless of these efforts, the preference for a male child continues to dominate in states like Haryana, and Punjab, and even urban territories like the national capital- Delhi reversing the early success of the initial few years. Literature indicates that this inclination towards the male child is rooted in a multilateral complex web of historical and socio-economic structures that ensure that sons are viewed as economic assets. A pan- India review reveals significant regional differences and seemingly highlights that the preference for a male child is influenced by inheritance rights and familial considerations, perpetuating the benefits associated with sons.
presencia de modelos extranjeros en Andalucía durante la Edad Moderna y Contemporánea.
Authors: Puya Lucena Juan Luis
Published: October 2024

La iconografía de Cristo muerto y puesto en el regazo de su madre, más conocido como la Piedad, es uno de los temas pasionistas más representados en la Historia del Arte Universal, dada su perduración a través del tiempo hasta la actualidad. Los textos místicos y las fuentes grabadas jugaron un papel esencial en la expansión de esta conmovedora escena por los continentes europeo y americano. En la presente investigación, se propone un acercamiento sobre aquellos modelos o estampas extranjeras, principalmente realizadas por grabadores flamencos, que fueron utilizados por escultores y pintores para su producción situada en Andalucía durante la Edad Moderna y Contemporánea. De igual manera, aunque salgamos de nuestra área geográfica propuesta, nos acercaremos sobre las posibles fuentes de inspiración del grupo del Cristo del Calvario de Canarias, de la Virgen de las Angustias de Murcia y el de la Piedad de Notre-Dame de París.
situación de las personas solicitantes de protección internacional cuando instan acceder al arraigo laboral a raíz de la STS 103/2024 (sala de lo contencioso), de 24 de enero
Authors: Ramos Poley Luis
Published: October 2024

El presente trabajo se centra, en primer lugar, en encuadrar el marco regulatorio básico sobre el derecho de asilo y la protección subsidiaria, dos vías de acceso que parten del compromiso del cumplimiento de las obligaciones derivadas básicamente de la Constitución Española, de la Convención de Ginebra y de su Protocolo, de la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea y del Tratado de Funcionamiento de la Unión Europea. En segundo lugar, se estudia otra vía de acceso como es el arraigo laboral, que es una forma excepcional de acceder a una situación administrativa legal, y la reciente modificación operada por el RD 629/2022, de 26 de julio que introduce nuevas formas de acreditación del arraigo laboral, donde singularmente se fija en el acceso a esta figura por parte de persona solicitante de protección internacional para centrarse en la importante STS (Sala de lo Contencioso), de 24 de enero de 2024 (Rec. 8727/2022), que concreta la situación especial en la que se encuentran estas personas y la imposibilidad de poder agrupar su periodo de tolerancia en España para una acceso al arraigo laboral.
La cura infantil a Espanya. Estratègies i determinants socioeconòmics
Authors: Juni Maida
Published: October 2024

A Espanya, el 39,6 % dels nens menors de tres anys estaven escolaritzats el curs 2018-2019, se superava, així, la recomanació del 33 % que la Comissió Europea va establir el 2002. Malgrat aquesta dada, l’etapa 0 a 3 no és ni gratuïta ni universal i l’oferta de cures formal i pública varia considerablement al territori. Davant d’aquesta limitació en l’accessibilitat, les famílies recorren a diverses estratègies de cura basades en els recursos disponibles per atendre les demandes de cura infantil. Tanmateix, les dades que hi ha sobre aquestes estratègies són escasses i no representen la totalitat d’opcions. Tampoc disposem d’informació sobre la manera en què les famílies configuren les seves estratègies ni sobre els factors que influeixen en l’adopció d’aquestes estratègies. En aquest número de Perspectives Demogràfiques, produït pel Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics (CED) de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), explorem les estratègies de cura infantil utilitzades per les mares amb fills de 0 a 3 anys, així com els seus perfils sociodemogràfics, amb les últimes dades disponibles de l’Enquesta de Fecunditat d’Espanya (2018). Dels resultats es dedueix que la gestió de la cura infantil requereix la combinació de diverses opcions, la qual cosa fa rellevant parlar d’estratègies de cura. Tot i que la cura formal és un recurs fonamental, no sempre aconsegueix satisfer per complet les demandes de les famílies. En canvi, les estratègies adoptades varien segons les característiques de les mares, com ara la situació familiar, la relació que tenen amb el mercat laboral o la condició d’immigració, la qual cosa demostra la importància d’adaptar els enfocaments de cura a cada context específic.
El cuidado infantil en España. Estrategias y determinantes socioeconómicos
Authors: Juni Maida
Published: October 2024

En España, el 39,6 % de los niños menores de tres años estaban escolarizados en el curso 2018-2019, superando la recomendación del 33 % que la Comisión Europea estableció en 2002. A pesar de este dato, la etapa 0 a 3 no es ni gratuita ni universal y la oferta de cuidados formal y pública varía considerablemente en el territorio. Ante esta limitación en la accesibilidad, las familias recurren a diversas estrategias de cuidado basadas en los recursos disponibles para atender las demandas de cuidado infantil. Sin embargo, los datos que existen sobre estas estrategias son escasos y no representan a la totalidad de opciones. Tampoco disponemos de información sobre cómo las familias configuran sus estrategias ni sobre los factores que influyen en la adopción de estas. En este número Perspectives Demogràfiques, producido por el Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics (CED) de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), exploramos las estrategias de cuidado infantil utilizadas por las madres con hijos de 0 a 3 años, así como sus perfiles sociodemográficos, con los últimos datos disponibles de la Encuesta de Fecundidad de España (2018). De los resultados se deduce que la gestión del cuidado infantil requiere la combinación de varias opciones, lo que hace relevante hablar de estrategias de cuidado. Aunque el cuidado formal es un recurso fundamental, no siempre logra satisfacer por completo las demandes de las familias. En cambio, las estrategias adoptadas varían según las características de las madres, tales como su situación familiar, su relación con el mercado laboral o su condición de inmigración, lo que demuestra la importancia de adaptar los enfoques de cuidado a cada contexto en específico.
Совершенствование системы социальных гарантий сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации
Authors: Анискина Н.В.
Published: October 2024

Введение: статья посвящена исследованию проблематики правового регулирования и практики предоставления социальных гарантий сотрудникам уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации. Цель настоящего исследования заключается в попытке теоретико-правового осмысления системы социальных гарантий, предоставляемых сотрудникам с учетом специфики сферы правореализации. Методы: в процессе исследования использовались общенаучные методы научного познания, такие как анализ, синтез, сравнение, индукция и дедукция, а также специальные методы – формально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой, исторический. Результаты: исследована действующая система социальных гарантий, предоставляемых сотрудникам, изучена их роль в качестве ключевого элемента формирования правового статуса сотрудника и престижа службы в учреждениях и органах уголовно-исполнительной системы. Выявлены проблемы правового регулирования и практики реализации сотрудниками социальных гарантий, установлены основные причины их возникновения. Выводы: сформулированы предложения по внесению изменений в действующее законодательство в части обеспечения качества и доступности социальных гарантий сотрудникам. Выработаны правовые механизмы реализации отдельных видов социальных гарантий сотрудников в современных условиях функционирования рассматриваемой сферы государственного управления.

Introduction: the article studies problems of legal regulation and practice of providing social guarantees to employees of the penal system of the Russian Federation. Purpose: theoretical and legal understanding of the system of social guarantees provided to penal system employees, taking into account the specifics of the sphere of legal realization. Methods: general scientific methods of scientific cognition (analysis, synthesis, comparison, induction and deduction), special methods (formal legal, comparative legal, historical). Results: the current system of social guarantees provided to penal system employees is studied and their role as a key element in the formation of the legal status of employees and the prestige of service in institutions and bodies of the penal system is substantiated. The problems of legal regulation and practice of realizing social guarantees by penal system employees are identified and the main reasons for their occurrence are established. Conclusion: the author proposes to amend current legislation in terms of ensuring the quality and accessibility of social guarantees to penal system employees and develops legal mechanisms for realizing certain types of social guarantees for employees in current conditions.
Review of Digital Educational Resources for Use in Mathematics Classes
Authors: Alexeeva E. E. , Mezinceva M. A.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses a wide range of digital educational resources designed for use in mathematics classes. These resources represent innovative tools that contribute to a more interactive and engaging learning experience in mathematics. The article also considers several classifications of digital educational resources, their potential in mathematics education.
Electronic information and educational environment as a means of ensuring the implementation and control of independent work of students
Authors: Tkacheva T. M. , Сhechetkina N. V.
Published: October 2024

The analysis of scientific publications on the problem of organizing independent work of students and using the electronic information and educational environment is presented. The elemental composition of the system ensuring the formation of conditions for the implementation and control of independent work using the electronic information and educational environment is determined. Examples of using the electronic information and educational environment for organizing and monitoring independent work of students in MADI and AGZ EMERCOM of the Russian Federation are given.
The use of discussion in the development of emotional intelligence of students
Authors: Shitakova O. Y. , Guskov A. Y.
Published: October 2024

A brief excursion into the history of the study of the problem of emotional intelligence (hereinafter – EI) by domestic and foreign researchers is carried out; the essence of EI is clarified, its content and components are disclosed; the application of discussion in the development of EI in adult learners is described. The necessity of relaying the practice of using active teaching methods to optimize the educational process at all levels of education is substantiated. The principles, parameters, and criteria of effective discussion in additional professional education are described.
Penguatan Produk Umkm Kareh – Kareh Melalui Strategi Branding di Desa Sungai Majo Pusako
Authors: Mhd. Andry Kurniawan  , Sibagariang Elisabeth , Ledy Pretty Nainggolan  , Dimas Perwandi  , Adinda Azahra  , Rizky Aditya Reno  , Nurul Ummi Khairo  , Dimas Wahyudi  , Sabrina Inaya Salsabila  , Fakhrul Razif  , Cinta Setiawati
Published: October 2024

Program Pengabdian Masyarakat adalah inisiatif yang melibatkan mahasiswa Universitas Riau untuk menerapkan pengetahuan mereka dan mendapatkan pengalaman berharga dalam membangun komunitas. Program ini bertujuan untuk mendukung pengembangan UMKM di Desa Sungai Majo Pusako, Kabupaten Rokan Hilir, yang saat ini memiliki jumlah usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah yang terbatas. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah branding logo untuk UMKM Dapur Bu Iddar, seorang pengusaha lokal yang memproduksi kue kareh. Proses branding dimulai dengan survei dan wawancara untuk memahami kebutuhan Bu Iddar, diikuti dengan pembuatan logo menggunakan Canva. Logo ini dirancang untuk memberikan identitas visual yang jelas dan memperluas upaya pemasaran, dengan tujuan meningkatkan daya tarik produk dan jangkauan pasar. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa logo tersebut memiliki dampak positif, membantu dalam pemasaran dan meningkatkan kualitas bisnis. Dengan diperkenalkannya logo ini, diharapkan Dapur Bu Iddar akan berkembang dan menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas.
Kolonkarzinomscreening: Was ist bereits gesicherte Evidenz?
Authors: Ettich Thomas J.
Published: October 2024

Das kolorektale Karzinom (KRK) ist die häufigste Krebserkrankung im menschlichen Gastrointestinaltrakt, wobei bei mehr als 50 % der Betroffenen die Erkrankung jenseits des 70. Lebensjahres auftritt. Nur bei etwa 10 % der Patienten erfolgt die Diagnose eines KRK vor dem 55. Lebensjahr. Bereits im Jahr 2002 wurden die Koloskopie sowie weitere Vorsorgemaßnahmen im Leistungskatalog der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung eingeführt – der Beginn der strukturierten Darmkrebsvorsorge in Deutschland. Nicht zuletzt als Ausdruck des Erfolgs des angebotenen Darmkrebsvorsorgeprogramms sind seit 2003 in Deutschland ein Rückgang der altersstandardisierten Erkrankungsraten sowie ein Shift hin zur Diagnose früherer Tumorstadien zu beobachten. Neben der klassischen Vorsorgekoloskopie, die nach wie vor den Goldstandard darstellt, und dem Test auf okkultes Blut im Stuhl kommen als zunächst ergänzende und risikostratifizierende Werkzeuge neue genetische stuhl- beziehungsweise blutbasierte Tests. Diese werden wahrscheinlich in Zukunft genauer selektieren lassen, welche Personen weitergehende diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen als eine Koloskopie benötigen. Dieser Beitrag soll einen Überblick bieten, was derzeit als Screening für die asymptomatische Normalbevölkerung, aber auch für Risikokollektive indiziert und evidenzbasiert ist.
Digital-based pencak silat learning in Indonesia
Authors: Mulyana Mulyana , Sagitarius Sagitarius , Ajid Oktoviana Nur , Novian Geraldi
Published: October 2024

The use of digital technology has the potential to increase the effectiveness of learning both theoretical and practical materials with a wide range and not limited to space and time. This research aims to develop a digital-based learning model in the form of a website as a medium to improve the skills of the FPOK student athletes in pencak silat. The method used was research and development which consists of five stages, namely needs analysis, product design, product development, preliminary field test, operational field test (comparative test). The results of this research are web-based teaching materials. The design of digital teaching materials has been validated by lecturers of learning technology, and sports skills at UPI Bandung. The learning process increased in terms of mastery of pencak silat skills, exceeding the achievements of the direct teaching method.
Keywords: digital-based learning, pencak silat skills, product development
Joint associations of sports participation and smartphone screen time with anxiety among school adolescents
Authors: Vieira Browne Rodrigo Alberto , Brasil Costa Rafael Lucas , Rodrigues dos Santos João Paulo , Saraiva Gomes-Júnior José Damião , Da Silva Barbosa Samuel Lira , De Souza Bezerra Eriston , De Souza Bezerra Hele , Maciel da Silva Fabio Thiago , Formiga da Cruz Kassio , De O. Tavares Vagner Deuel , Almeida Ramos Isabela , Lucena Pereira Cabral Ludmila
Published: October 2024

To investigate the joint association of sports participation and smartphone screen time (ST) with anxiety symptoms in school adolescents. This cross-sectional study included 142 Brazilian high school adolescents from a federal public school. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, with a cutoff point of ≥ 30. Sports participation was measured using the Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents, classifying participants as sports participation or non-sports participation. ST was measured using the digital well-being function of the smartphone, categorizing participants into low ST and high ST based on the median. Participants were distributed into four groups: sports participation + low ST, sports participation + high ST, non-sports participation + low ST, and non-sports participation + high ST (reference group). Analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance to calculate prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for anxiety among groups. The prevalence of anxiety was 41.5% (95% CI 33.6, 50.0). The sports participation + low ST group exhibited a lower prevalence of anxiety compared to the reference group (PR 0.52; 95% CI 0.28, 0.94; p = 0.031). The other groups showed no significant association with the reference group (p > 0.05). In conclusion, sports participation associated with low smartphone ST is related to a lower prevalence of anxiety symptoms in school adolescents.
Keywords: Sports. Exercise. Sedentary time. Mental health. Adolescence.
Case study: problem-based learning model for soccer basic movement skills and learning activity
Authors: Santoso Nurhadi , Puji Santoso Nugroho
Published: October 2024

Background: The education curriculum is developed to prepare students to gain comprehensive experiences and life skills. Learning effectiveness, especially in physical education, depends on the teacher's ability to choose the right learning strategies, models and methods. However, problems often faced in the learning process include lack of student attention, teacher dominance in the learning process, and passive learning tendencies. The Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning model emerged as a potential approach to address these issues and improve the quality of learning. Study Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning model in improving the basic soccer movement skills and learning activities of elementary school students in the context of physical education. Materials and Methods: This study used a pseudo-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects comprised 24 fifth-grade Krakitan State Elementary School, Klaten Regency students. The research instruments included basic soccer skills tests (dribbling and short passes) and student learning activity observation sheets. Data were analyzed using paired samples t-test to determine the effect of learning with the PBL model on primary skills of playing football and student learning activities. Results: The study revealed a substantial enhancement in both the basic soccer skills and student learning activities following the implementation of the PBL model. The average basic soccer skills score surged from 99.0833 in the pretest to 109.0417 in the posttest, marking a notable increase of 9.9584 points. Similarly, student learning activities showed a commendable rise, with the mean score climbing from 3.0833 at the start of the treatment to 4.3750 at the end, indicating a significant increase of 1.2917 points. Statistical analysis using paired samples t-test confirmed the significance of these improvements, with the calculated t values for basic soccer skills (6.89943) and learning activities (7.369) both surpassing the t table value (2.069). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study affirms the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in enhancing students' basic soccer movement skills and learning activities in the context of physical education at the primary school level. The substantial improvements in both the technical ability to play soccer and in students' active engagement in the learning process underscore the potential of PBL as a potent learning strategy for physical education. These findings not only underscore the importance of problem-based learning approaches in enhancing physical skills but also in fostering students' cognitive and social engagement in the learning process, thereby making a significant contribution to the field of physical education.
Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Physical Education, Soccer Skills, Learning Activity, Primary School
EFFECTS OF HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ON SOME HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND LIVER FUNCTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN, YEMEN
Authors: Al-Halani Ali Ahmed , Al-Qadhi Yahya Ali , Edrees Wadhah Hassan , Al-Awar Mohammed Sadeq , Al-Shehari Wadee Abdullah , Qasem Eglal Ahmed , Aishan Abeer Yahya , Al-Ghazi Najat Muin , Aklan Maria Khaled , Al-Haddad Osama Saleh , Al-Asbahi Amin Abdo
Published: October 2024

Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is a common congenital infection that affects approximately 0.7%–1% of all live births worldwide. Approximately 11% of newborns who are infected show symptoms at birth, and of these, between 30% and 40% are at a risk of experiencing long-term neurological complications. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of HCMV on hematological parameters and liver function in pregnant women in Hajjah governorate, Yemen. This study is a cross-section study that conducted in the Hajjah governorate of Yemen during a period of March to June 2023. A total of 108 blood specimens were collected from participants; 78 from patients group and 30 health group. Hematological parameters, such as total red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HB), platelet count (PLT), and white blood cells (WBC), as well as liver function tests, such as total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin, were measured. Majority of participant patients aged between 16–21 years 27 (34.7%), studied at secondary schools (46.2%), in their second trimester 51 (65.4%), those with multigravida 54 (69.2%), and those with no history of congenital diseases 60 (76.9%). Compared with the control group, the mean WBC levels were significantly lower in HCMV patients (P < 0.05), whereas PLT levels were higher among HCMV patients (P < 0.05). Additionally, the mean levels of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, SGOT, ALP, and albumin were significantly lower in patients with HCMV than in HC (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the patient and healthy groups in terms of HB, RBC counts, SGPT, and total protein (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that HCMV infection had a statistically significant effect on WBC, PLT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, SGOT, ALP, and albumin levels in pregnant women. Consequently, further studies are needed to define the role of HCMV in liver disorders.
CLINICAL PATTERNS AND OUTCOMES IN CIRRHOTIC YEMENI PATIENTS WITH ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE
Authors: El-Sayed Gamil Gamal Mohammed , Al-Awlaqi Motea Hamid
Published: October 2024

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a clinical condition of abrupt hepatic decompensation in chronic liver disease patients that is associated with extra-hepatic organ failures and a higher mortality rate. This study aimed to identify the clinical patterns and outcomes in cirrhotic Yemeni patients with ACLF. This prospective cohort study was carried out on 160 cirrhotic patients admitted between May 2023 and May 2024 to the Internal Medicine Department in Al-Sadaqah General Teaching Hospital in Aden governorate, Yemen. Based on the European Association for Study of Liver's Chronic Liver Failure Consortium EASL-CLIF criteria, patients were divided into Group A: 54 patients with ACLF. Group B: 106 patients without ACLF. The prevalence of ACLF is 33.8%. The mean age was 41.54± 8.11 years in ACLF and 39.22± 8.14 years in non-ACLF patients. The proportion of males in ACLF was 51.9% vs. 57.5% in non-ACLF patients. The most common causes of cirrhosis were cryptogenic (58.8%) and autoimmune hepatitis (25.6%). A significant correlation was found between prior hospitalization, decompensation, and the increased risk of developing ACLF. The most common complications were jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, renal failure, signs of bacterial infection, ascites, and gastrointestinal bleeding, respectively. The main precipitating events for ACLF were bacterial infection, especially SBP (48.1%), GIT bleeding (24.1%), and no identified precipitating events (24.1%). The most common organ failures were renal (70.4%), liver (42.6%), and cerebral (31.5%). ACLF patients showed higher levels of WBCs, bilirubin, and serum creatinine. Mortality rates were significantly higher in ACLF patients compared to non-ACLF at both 28 days (33.3% vs. 5.7%) and 90 days (685% vs. 23.6%). This study demonstrated that ACLF patients have worse prognoses, higher mortality rates, increased ICU admission, lower survival, and higher rates of organ failure than non-ACLF patients.