bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Rhetoric of Martyrdom and the Anti-Nicodemite Discourses in France, 1550-1570
Authors: Shepardson Nikki
Published: July 2020

L’expression du martyre et de la souffrance a marqué et défini le mouvement de réforme qui a eu lieu en France au seizième siècle. Ce langage a servi à unir la collectivité, à réécrire et à réinterpréter l’histoire et à former la mémoire collective. Mais si le martyre a valorisé la collectivité, le nicodémisme l’a minée. Cette étude soutient que pour saisir la controverse nicodémiste, il faut l’examiner sous l’angle du martyre. D’ailleurs, dans les textes antinicodémistes, qui manifestent clairement cette rhétorique, on retrouve le vocabulaire, les images et les symboles du martyre.
Courtship and the Hill of Truth: Religion, Career, and the Purification of Motives in Donne's Satyres and Sermons
Authors: Nelson Brent L.
Published: July 2020

Cet article se propose d’examiner comment Donne, dans sa «Satyre III», manipule l’amour pour l’Être divin par l’intermédiaire de la «hill of Truth». L’article tente aussi de démontrer en quoi cette image constitue le centre symbolique des satires de l’auteur et une solution au problème du dévouement sociopolitique décrit dans les quatre poèmes. La fonction rhétorique de l’ascension saute aux yeux dans les sermons, où Donne attise avec méthode le désir et l’ambition pour diriger les auditeurs vers l’amour de l’Être divin.
Prefatory Strategies in La Puce de Madame des-Roches: From the Salon to the Page
Authors: Tarte Kendall B.
Published: July 2020

Oeuvre collective des habitués de Madeleine et Catherine Des Roches lors des Grands Jours de Poitiers en 1579, l'anthologie La Puce de Madame des-Roches (1582) illustre la dynamique qui caractérise leur salon. Cet article propose une considération du livre imprimé, et en particulier des paratextes qui éclairent les stratégies textuelles et éditoriales. Ces paratextes — tels la page de titre, une préface du compilateur Jacques de Sourdrai, une deuxième préface qui remanie une lettre d’Estienne Pasquier — montrent la collaboration et l’échange qui ont contribué à la composition aussi bien qu'à la publication de La Puce.
Wholesale or Retail? Antoine de Marcourt's The Boke of Marchauntes and Tudor Political Theology
Authors: Kirby Torrance
Published: July 2020

Le Livre des marchans (1533) d'Antoine de Marcourt a été traduit en anglais et publié en deux différentes occasions. La première édition de langue anglaise, intitulée The Boke of Marchauntes, a été publiée par Thomas Godfray en août 1534 – année de l'adoption de l'Acte de Suprématie par le Parlement. John Fox a remarqué plus tard que ce texte avait été interdit durant la dernière période du règne de Henri VIII. La deuxième traduction, inférieure à la première et faite à partir de la deuxième édition française de 1544, a été publiée par Richard Jugge en 1547, date qui coïncide avec l'accession au trône de Édouard VI. Cet article examine les différences entre les réceptions française et anglaise de la satire de Marcourt. On y discute des diverses idées reçues au sujet de l'opposition entre le radicalisme religieux et le conservatisme politique. Cet article souligne également le patronage de Thomas Cromwell en ce qui concerne sa publication et étudie l'appel de Marcourt à la distinction entre deux théologies politiques rivales. La théologie politique du Boke of Marchauntes a définitivement un parfum bien Érastien.
The Publisher Gabriel Giolito de' Ferrari, Female Readers, and the Debate about Women in Sixteenth-Century Italy
Authors: Dialeti Androniki
Published: July 2020

Cet article examine les stratégies de publication que l'éditeur vénitien du XVIe siècle, Gabriel Giolito de' Ferrari et ses collaborateurs, ont appliquées dans le but d'attirer le lectorat féminin pour des ouvrages impliqués dans la controverse dite «querelle des femmes», des ouvrages de Giovanni Boccaccio et de littérature de dévotion. Notre attention se penche particulièrement sur les dédicaces d'ouvrages qui s'adressent couramment aux femmes en les qualifiant de lectures idéales pour les femmes, et en présentant systématiquement Giolito comme un défenseur dévoué des femmes. Cet article examine si les tactiques de Giolito attiraient effectivement les femmes ou si elles étaient plutôt destinées aux cercles d'hommes s'identifiant au rôle en vogue de «défenseur des femmes». On y retrace aussi avec quelles significations culturelles Giolito considérait chacun de ces livres et les changements qu'ont subit les titres et le public en lien avec le passage de son intérêt pour la littérature défendant les femmes et les ouvrages de Boccaccio, qui ont dominé les années 1540 et 1550, vers des ouvrages de littérature de dévotion pour les femmes en lien avec le climat post-Tridentin de la deuxième moitié du XVIe siècle. À travers l'examen de la présentation matérielle et des prix de ses ouvrages, cet article propose des observations au sujet des besoins et des pratiques de lecture concernant chaque genre littéraire en question. Enfin, cet article met en lumière un aspect important de la dynamique sociale entourant la controverse des femmes de l'Italie du XVIe siècle, à savoir le rôle des femmes comme lectrices et actrices de la culture.
Rereading Rabelais' Sacred Noise
Authors: Rudolph Duane A.
Published: July 2020

Dans l’épisode des paroles degelées, les marins du navire Thalamège arrivent dans une zone où des mots gelés fondent et éclatent lorsqu’ils sont touchés. Les chercheurs ont tenté plusieurs hypothèses d’interprétation de cet épisode, néanmoins, il semble qu’il y ait toujours un aspect dont on ne rend pas compte. Cet article propose que la richesse de signification rabelaisienne est mieux mise en lumière lorsque l’analyse de cet épisode tient compte à la fois de l’herméneutique de l’Écriture, de la satire ménipéenne, et de l’approche philologique.
'Teach Me This Pedlar's French': The Allure of Cant in The Roaring Girl and Dekker's Rogue Pamphlets
Authors: Taylor Miles
Published: July 2020

Dans The Roaring Girl de Dekker et Middleton, ainsi que dans les pamphlets délinquants de Dekker, des citoyens respectables de Londres, fascinés par l’argot des bas-fonds de la société jacobéenne, offrent de payer Moll Cutpurse et des libraires, afin de se familiariser avec ce langage marginal. Aujourd’hui, comme à l’époque, on a soutenu que les dictionnaires d’argot avaient pour fonction de contribuer au contrôle des classes désavantagées par les lecteurs des classes dominantes. Toutefois, ces interprétations ne tiennent pas compte des transformations des discours au sujet de ces dictionnaires durant cette période. Au moment où The Roaring Girl est mis en scène en 1611, date séparée par presque un demi siècle des débuts de l’essor de la littérature délinquante, l’exploration des bas-fonds londoniens ne s’explique pas tant par les moyens qu’elle donne d’anticiper et de prévenir la délinquance en la reconnaissant, que par la pure recherche du plaisir des lecteurs. Dekker lui-même affirme que son exploration des faits et méfaits, et de l’argot de la classe criminelle jacobéenne, est amusante à lire pour tout le monde. La fonction de ces explorations n’est donc pas d’éviter de devenir une victime, mais plutôt d’amuser. Ces plaisirs procèdent aussi du lien entre le langage délinquant et le corps grotesque, objet même d’exclusion et de plaisir.
Wardetzky, Kristin (2019): Ankommen. Über die Lust an der narrativen Vermittlung von Sprache und Kultur. München: kopaed
Authors: Walter Maik
Published: July 2020

In ihrem neuesten Buch schreibt Kristin Wardetzkys von der Wirkung eines Magneten, um die Faszination des Erzählens in einem sprachlichen Bild zu erfassen (44). Dieses Gleichnis geht auf Platon zurück und versucht die Anziehungskraft des Erzählvorgangs einzufangen. Zuhörende (und auch Zusehende) werden magisch durch das freie Erzählen von Geschichten angezogen (vgl. auch Wardetzky 2020). Da es in der Sphäre des gesprochenen Worts vollzogen wird, ist es schwer, diesen Zauber auch in der konträren Sphäre des geschriebenen Worts zu vermitteln. Aber Kristin Wardetzky gelingt dies. Sie ist Theaterpädagogin, Erzählerin und war bis zu ihrer Emeritierung Professorin für Theaterpädagogik an der Universität der Künste (UdK) in Berlin, prägte in dieser Zeit maßgeblich das Fach und damit auch die Ausbildung von Theaterpädagog*innen. Sie etablierte das künstlerische Erzählen als einen Studienschwerpunkt an der UdK und gründete in Folge dort auch einen entsprechenden Zertifikatsstudiengang. In diesem Umfeld entstand in den letzten Jahren eine eigene (auch international) gut vernetzte Szene von professionellen Erzähler*innen (vgl. z.B. Hübsch & Wardetzky 2017). Ankommen zeigt in überzeugender Weise, wie das performative Erzählen auch beim Erlernen einer Zweitsprache erfolgreich eingesetzt werden kann. Adressiert ist das Buch an Lehrkräfte, Sprachwissenschaftler*innen und Narratolog*innen, denen das performative Erzählen sowohl als Vermittlungsweg vorgestellt als auch ...
Die Dramaturgie in der Psychodramaturgie
Authors: Dufeu Bernard
Published: July 2020

Zuerst wird die Grundorientierung der Psychodramaturgie Linguistique (PDL, auf deutsch Sprachpsychodramaturgie2) in Abgrenzung zum traditionell-lehrwerkzentrierten Unterricht beschrieben. Dann wird die Bedeutung des Begriffs „Dramaturgie“ in „Psychodramaturgie“ präzisiert und die Hauptelemente der Dramaturgie in der PDL werden ausgeführt. Anschließend wird exemplarisch der Verlauf einer psychodramaturgischen Kurseinheit dargestellt, um an zwei konkreten Beispielen (einer Projektionsübung und einer Aktivität zu einem literarischen Text) den dramaturgischen Ansatz der PDL zu illustrieren. Schließlich werden die Elemente der PDL, die den Spracherwerb fördern, und die Grenzen der PDL aufgeführt.
Development of Physics Learning Module Based on Guided Inquiry with Light Wave Material in Class XI of Senior High School
Authors: Rahmawati Evi , Astuti Irnin Agustina Dwi , Nurhayati N
Published: July 2020

IPA Integrated is a place for students to study themselves and the surrounding environment applied in daily life. Integrated IPA Learning provides a direct experience to students through the use and development of scientific skills and attitudes. The importance of integrated IPA requires to pack learning well, integrated IPA integration with the preparation of modules combined with learning strategy can maximize the learning process in school. In SMP 209 Jakarta, the value of the integrated IPA is obtained from 34 students there are 10 students completed and 24 students are not complete because they get the value below the KKM of 68. This research is a development study with the development model of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The use of KPS-based integrated IPA modules (Science Process sSkills) on the theme of rainbow phenomenon obtained by media expert validation results with an average score of 84.38%, average material expert 82.18%, average linguist 75.37%. So the average of all aspects obtained by 80.55% is worth using and tested to students. The results of the teacher response obtained 88.69% value with excellent criteria. Student responses on a small scale acquired an average score of 85.19% with highly agreed criteria and on the large-scale student response gained a yield of 86.44% with very agreed criteria. So the module can be concluded receiving a good response by the teacher and students.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Tenaga Kependidikan di Akademi Maritim Cirebon
Authors: Siagian Fereddy
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the work environment on the performance of the educational staffs. The method used in this study was a quantitative descriptive study with a total sample of 51 respondents. The sampling technique used probability sampling method with simple random sampling technique. The instrument testing used a validity test and a reliability test. Data analysis used simple linear regression analysis with t test and coefficient of determination test. The results of the study showed that the work environment was very influential on the performance of educational staffs within the scope of the AMC office. Conducive work environment provided maximum performance of all teaching staffs.
Upaya Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Materi Skala dan Perbandingan Melalui Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing di SD Negeri 11 Mataram
Authors: Hidayani Baiq Nurul
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe the application of the Snowball Throwing method to improve student learning achievement on scale and comparison material grade VI of SD Negeri 11 Mataram. This study uses a qualitative approach to the type of classroom action research. This research was conducted in two cycles which in one cycle were divided into two meetings. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews, and tests. Analysis of the data used in this research is descriptive data analysis. The results of this study indicate that snowball throwing learning can improve student achievement. This improvement in learning achievement can be seen from the increase in student scores starting from the pre-action initial test with the student completeness action 36.36% and after learning Snowball throwing the student completeness reaches 70.45% for the first cycle post test and 77.27% for the post test cycle II. So it can be concluded that student achievement on scale and comparison material in class VI SD Negeri 11 Mataram can be improved by implementing Snowball throwing learning.
Pengaruh Media Papan Flanel Terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa
Authors: Sakti Hadi Gunawan , Parhan Hamzah
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the use of flannel board media on students' interest in learning mathematics in class VII in Al Rusnaniah Islamic Junior High School. This research method uses experiments. The population in this study was grade VII students of Al Rusnaniah Islamic Middle School. Data collection techniques in this study used a questionnaire and documentation method. Data analysis techniques used statistical analysis with the Chi square formula (〖x〗^ 2). The results of this study indicate that the value of x_ (count) ^ 2 by 6.477 and the value of x_ (table) ^ 2 at a Significant level of 5% with dk (f_h-1) = 2-1 = 1 greater than the value of x ^ 2 in the table (6,477 > 3,841), means that H_0 is rejected and Ha is accepted which reads that there is an influence of the use of flannel board media on students' interest in learning for grade VII in mathematics in Al Rusnaniah Islamic Junior High School, so it can be concluded that the results of this study are significant.
Escape history and proportion of farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar on the coast and in an adjacent salmon fjord in Norway
Authors: Aronsen T , Ulvan EM , Næsje TF , Fiske P
Published: July 2020

To gain more knowledge about escaped farmed salmon Salmo salar in the wild, we investigated the proportion of escapees, body length at escape, proportion escaped as smolts/post-smolts (≤300 mm) and number of winters in the wild (winter zones in the growth pattern in the scale samples) in catches on the Norwegian coast and in an adjacent fjord from 2013 to 2017. The mean proportion of escapees was higher on the coast (26%) than in the fjord (4%), and escapees caught on the coast had a slightly larger mean body length at escape (607 mm) than in the fjord (557 mm). However, the mean proportion escaped as smolts/post-smolts did not differ significantly between the coast (8%) and the fjord (11%). There was also no significant difference in the mean proportion of farmed salmon with 1 or more winter zones after escape (50% on the coast and 56% in the fjord). The proportions of escapees with 1, 2, 3 or 4 winter zones after escape were 28, 20, 2 and 0.4% in catches on the coast and 30, 21 and 4% in catches in the fjord, respectively. This study found that the proportion of escapees was considerably higher in coastal waters than in the fjord. Escapees consisted of farmed salmon from several escape events over several years, and approximately 50% of the escapees had one or more winter zones after escape. Thus, escaped farmed salmon may pose a threat to wild salmon populations for several years after the escape event.
Healing the wounds of marine mammals by protecting their habitat
Authors: Notarbartolo di Sciara G , Hoyt E
Published: July 2020

Important marine mammal areas (IMMAs)—‘discrete habitat areas, important for one or more marine mammal species, that have the potential to be delineated and managed for conservation’ (IUCN Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force 2018, p. 3)—were introduced in 2014 by the IUCN Marine Mammal Protected Areas Task Force to support marine mammal and wider ocean conservation. IMMAs provide decision-makers with a user-friendly, actionable tool to inform them of the whereabouts of habitat important for marine mammal survival. However, in view of their non-prescriptive, evidence-based and biocentric nature, the conservation effectiveness of IMMAs is strictly dependent on politicians’ willingness to make use of them. It has been the customary task of advocacy non-governmental organisations to lobby decision-makers to stimulate respect for environmental law, but the scientific community is increasingly joining this effort. Scientists can effectively strengthen a healthy relationship between scientific objectivity and political advocacy without damaging the credibility of conservation science. Thus, those undertaking the identification of IMMAs can be among those responsible for strongly advocating the implementation of IMMAs and other conservation initiatives.
Agroforestry - an opportunity overlooked?
Authors: Hawke M.F. , Maclaren J.P.
Published: July 2020

Agroforestry is defined, and shown to be a very profitable option for hill country farmers. It is suggested that agroforestry should be part of a normal farm portfolio of investments. A 30 to 50-hectare woodlot can be worth a million dollars to the grower, and thus be worth more than the rest of the farm combined. Research on agroforestry by combined forestry and agricultural scientists has been extensive, and many potential useful discoveries have been made. Worthwhile pasture production can be achieved for half of the tree rotation and good livestock performance is possible under low tree populations. Nevertheless, this technology has not been taken up by farmers, possibly because profit from trees is not considered to be an important use of trees, as two surveys indicate. Keywords agroforestry, profitability, opportunity, potential, hill country
A rational approach to feed planning on farms
Authors: Baars J.A.
Published: July 2020

In spite of the general availability of technical information, computer packages and many years of use of feed budgeting, little evidence has been published on the economic benefits of the practice on farms. Survey data have shown that improved pasture utilisation may be a key factor in improving farm performance. However, this does not prove the necessity for quantitative feed planning on farms. A case is made for constructing data bases of individual farms from regular monitoring of pasture and animal performance, to improve the reliability of feed planning before any detailed feed planning or assessment of new management strategies is commenced. Keywords Computers, feed planning, feed budgeting, simulation model
Comparison of phosphate fertilisers in a grazed hill country pasture
Authors: Mackay A.D.
Published: July 2020

A grazing trial evaluated the agronomic effectiveness of 3 different types of phosphate (P) fertilisers. The same fertilisers were also evaluated in a small-plot mowing trial located within the grazing trial. In the grazing trial, which covered 35 ha of summer moist hill country, the partially acidulated phosphate rock (PAPR) and reactive phosphate rock (RPR) were as effective as superphosphate in stimulating legume and pasture production in the first year. In the second year the two slow-release materials continued to perform as well as SSP. In contrast in the mowing trial, superphosphate was more effective than RPR in the first year. This trial technique clearly underestimates the initial effectiveness of PAPR and RPR in grazed hill country. The traditional small-plot mowing trial technique, and the role of PAPR and RPR fertilisers in hill country, both need re-evaluation. Keywords hill country, superphosphate, slow release fertilisers, mowing trials, grazed pasture
Management of lucerne in the cool season
Authors: White J.G.H. , Lucas W.J.
Published: July 2020

The performance of dormant and winter-active lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars was compared under sheep grazing in 2 experiments during the cool season. The objectives were to define the cool season management required for winter active cultivars in sheep farming systems. The 'winter-active cultivars Matador and Rere yielded 1760 and 1220 kg DM/ha compared with 890 and 760 kg from Wairau and Saranac respectively in mid-winter, while the reverse occurred in spring when dormant cultivars yielded 50% more than the winter active. This was related to differing levels of non-structural carbohydrates in roots, which had declined to insignificant levels in Rere and Matador by early spring. June grazing increased spring yields of Wairau by 35% due to control of overwintering aphids, but reduced yield of Rere by 25% due to effects on root reserves. Early September grazing greatly - reduced subsequent lucerne yields at late October and early December grazings, and increased the content of weeds. Our findings show that if farmers graze winter-active lucerne with sheep in winter the advantage in production disappears in spring. Cool-season management which combines the use of dormant and winter-active lucernes is discussed. Keywords winter-active lucerne, dormant lucerne, cool-season grazing, root reserves, lucerne grazing management
Effect of a molluscicide and an insecticide on the establishment of direct-drilled ryegrass, tall fescue and phalaris
Authors: Mccallum D.A. , Thomson N.A.
Published: July 2020

The effect of a molluscicide or an insecticide on the establishment, by direct drilling of 'Grasslands Roa' tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) 'Ellett' perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L), and 'Grasslands Maru' phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.) was measured in spring and autumn establishment over 2 years. In autumn after a wet summer the application of a molluscicide significantly increased seedling numbers and establishment yield for ryegrass and tall fescue. A molluscicide applied in autumn after a dry summer or in spring had no effect . Application of insecticide significantly improved the establishment of ryegrass and tall fescue in only one of the two springs and had no effect in autumn. Phalaris was the least responsive of the pasture species to either an insecticide or molluscicide. These differences observed at establishment resulting from the applications of a pesticide were not apparent in an assessment made 1 year later. For tall fescue the results recorded on seedling numbers and yield of sown species at establishment and 1 year would suggest that for this species establishment by direct drilling is not recommended. Keywords pasture establishment, 'Grasslands Roa' tall fescue, 'Ellett' ryegrass, 'Grasslands Maru' phalaris, direct drilling, molluscicide, insecticide
Losses of potassium from grazed dairy pastures
Authors: Williams P.H. , Gregg P.E.H. , Hedley M.J.
Published: July 2020

A simple model was used to estimate losses of potassium (K) which occur from a Mid- Canterbury dairy farm. Analysis of the results shows the role of the dairy cow in causing losses of K from the farm. The results from this study could be used to refine the estimates of animalinduced losses of K in the model used by MAF Technology to predict fertiliser recommendations. Such refinements include the incorporation of information on the time that cows spend off the pasture (in the dairy shed, raceway and on feedpads) and the amount of K lost from urinations. The study suggests that savings in K fertiliser requirements through reduced losses from dairy farms are best achieved by minimising the time that dairy cows spend off the pasture and avoiding excessive K concentrations in herbage through heavy rates of K fertiliser. Keywords potassium, model, potassium cycling, potassium losses, dairy cattle
Simulation of selected management strategies on Canterbury sheep farms
Authors: Finlayson J.D. , Cacho O.J. , Bywater A.C.
Published: July 2020

A simulation model was used to investigate the effects of various combinations of stocking rate, drafting weight and lambing season on a hypothetical dryland farm in Canterbury. A selection of physical results is presented and financial impications of alternative management strategies are briefly discussed. Stocking rate and lambing time had considerable effects on animal performance, with minor effects from drafting weight. Gross margins were considerably affected by stocking rate; the highest return was obtained with conventional lambing at 15 su per ha and drafting lambs at 30 kg empty body weight. Keywords model, management strategy, sheep farm
Farm monitoring as an initiator of improved farm management practices
Authors: Watters A.F.
Published: July 2020

The Taranaki Agricultural Research Station (TARS) has produced 52% more milkfat/ha than the average Hawera farm through the 1980s. Respective stocking rates (3.7 vs 2.8 cows/ha) are the major reason for this production difference. Very little improvement in relative performance has been made over the decade. Monitoring projects in South Taranaki during 1988-89 and 1989-90 have shown that adopting a monitoring programme can result in increased production. The quantitative information collected provides farmers with the information and confidence to make major changes in their farming system. Dairy farmers need to monitor their own farms themselves. The programme chosen should be simple so that it can become incorporated into the farming routine. A simple method of monitoring is described that is based on recording pre- and post-grazing level on 2-4 selected paddocks. Research and extension organisations need to adopt a number of recommendations if farm monitoring is to be taken up by the majority of dairy farmers: pasture assessment methods need to be standardised; production of a simple monitoring handbook for farmers; the publication of regular comaprative data from dairy companies and research organisations; and the commercial production of predictive computer-models. Keywords monitoring, stocking rates, decisions
Herbage seed lots: are germination data sufficient?
Authors: Hampton J.G. , Hill M.J.
Published: July 2020

Herbage seed lots of the same chronological age, certification class and germination values often differ in performance in the field, in storage, or both. These performance differences are ascribed to another seed quality factor, seed vigour. Vigour differences have been shown to occur in New Zealand seed lots of Trifolium repens, T. pratense, Medicago sativa, Bromus willdenowii, Cynosurus cristatus and Festuca spp., and are highly likely to occur in all other herbage species. This review of vigour in herbage seed lots discusses the concept, its possible causes, the implications for sowing, storage and export of seed, and how seed lot vigour information might be used by the farmer, seed store manager and seed marketer. Keywords seed vigour, field emergence, storage, export, herbage seed, germination
The beef breeding herd: options for using winter feed most productively
Authors: Mcmillan W.H. , Mccall D.G.
Published: July 2020

A spreadsheet model has been developed to allow a comparison of policies for beef breeding cows. The criterion for comparison is the kg of calf weaned per kg of winterfeed required i.e. efficiency. The model allows adjustment in number of animals wintered so that all policies have the same winter feed requirement. Policies which favour higher efficiencies include: timing mean calving date at the end of the winter, using breeds of bull with high growth rate and high survival rate progeny, older rather than younger herd age structures. and wintering only pregnant heifers and cows after pregnancy diagnosis. The most scope for improving efficiency is in herd age structure while the least scope is in calving date. The analysis demonstrates that that the most efficient options are a combination of policies. The best combination is about 26% more efficient than the worst combination. National beef herd statistics are required to assess the likely impact of changes on the industry. Keywords: beef cows, weaning weight, herd age structure, pregnancy diagnosis, feed requirements, time of calving, terminal sires
The role of beef breeding cows in strategic management of feed supply under pasture variability
Authors: Pleasants A.B. , Barton R.A. , Batley P.J.
Published: July 2020

The ability of the beef cow to buffer herself against pasture variability by losing liveweight at certain periods in the production cycle is reviewed. The point is made that this attribute of the beef cow can be used to buffer other enterprises on the farm less able to cope with variability in pasture feed supply. It is suggested that a farm livestock policy should include livestock classes like the beef cow which, because of their ability to buffer against variability in pasture feed supply,canresultinamoreefficient, and more economic use of pasture on the farm. Keywords Beef cow, nutrition, pasture variability, flexibility, buffering capacity, risk management
Internet Gaming, Emotional Intelligence, Psychological Distress, and Academic Performance Among University Students
Authors: Zahra Sadaf , Ahsan Sadaf , Kiani Shoaib , Shahbaz Kanwal , Naila Andleeb Syeda
Published: July 2020

This research aimed at determining the relationship of internet gaming with emotional intelligence, psychological distress, and academic performance among university students; it also investigated whether playing timings could influence psychological distress and emotional intelligence. A sample comprising 315 university students (boys = 161, girls = 154) was collected. Internet Gaming Disorder Test (Pontes, Kiraly, Demetrovics, & Griffiths, 2014), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (Wong & Law, 2002) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) were used. Academic performance was measured through grades obtained during last two semesters. Results revealed internet gaming had significant positive relationship with psychological distress, whereas it was linked to emotional intelligence and academic performance negatively. Students who played more after mid-night were psychologically more distressed than those who played during morning, evening, or early night time. Outcomes of this research will be beneficial in developing effective awareness programs for the individuals who are highly involved in internet gaming to understand its negative consequences.
Impact of Anger on Suicidal Ideation: Mediating Role of Perceived Emotional Distress in Late Adolescents and Emerging Adults with Psychological Problems
Authors: Khan Soulat , Mubashar Tahira , Akhtar Tanvir , Ali Butt Tayyab
Published: July 2020

The present study addresses impact of anger on suicidal ideation with the mediating role of perceived emotional distress in 40 late adolescents and emerging adults (Girls = 24, Boys = 16) with psychological problems. Participants’ aged between 18 to 25 years (M = 21.65, SD = 1.84). The sample was recruited from counseling centers of two public sector universities. Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory (Osman, Gotierrez, Kropper, Barrios, Chiros, 1998), Perceived Emotional Distress inventory (Moscoso, 2011) and Anger Self-Report (Burney, 2001) were used to assess study variables. Findings indicated that anger and emotional distress had significant positive relationship with suicidal ideation and significant negative relationship with protective thoughts and ideation. Mediation Analysis through Process Macro revealed that perceived emotional distress significantly mediates the relationship between anger and suicidal ideations. No gender differences were found between study variables. The study outcomes highlighted that future strategies for prevention of suicidal ideation must focus on managing emotional distress and anger.
KARAKTERISTIK PENDERITA EPILEPSI DI BANGSAL ANAK RSUP DR. M. DJAMIL PADANG TAHUN 2018
Authors: Khairin Khalvia , Zeffira Laura , Malik Rifkind
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Epilepsi merupakan suatu keadaan yang ditandai adanya bangkitan yang terjadi secara berulang akibat terganggunya fungsi otak yang disebabkan oleh muatan listrik yang abnormal pada neuron-neuron otak. Epilepsi memiliki dua kategori kejang yaitu kejang fokal dan kejang umum. Insiden epilepsi diperkirakan lebih banyak terdapat pada negara berkembang daripada negara maju. Pada tahun 2017, jumlah kasus epilepsi anak di Sumatera Barat terutama di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang ada 1081 kasus pada rawat jalan dan satu kasus rawat inap dan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat setiap tahunnya.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita epilepsi di bangsal anak RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang tahun 2018.Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sumber data dari data sekunder yang berasal dari rekam medis. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat.Hasil Penelitian: Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dari 65 sampel yang menderita epilepsi yaitu usia 0-5 tahun sebanyak 37 orang (56,9%), jenis kelamin laki-laki sebanyak 39 orang (60%), tidak memiliki riwayat epilepsi keluarga sebanyak 62 orang (95,4%), gambaran EEG gelombang tajam dan paku sebanyak 30 orang (46,2%), tipe kejang generalized sebanyak 57 orang (87,7%) dan asam valproat sebagai salah satu penatalaksanaan epilepsi sebanyak 32 orang (49,2%).Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penderita epilepsi terbanyak adalah usia 0-5 tahun dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki serta tidak memiliki riwayat epilepsi keluarga. Tipe gambaran EEG yaitu gelombang tajam dan paku, tipe kejang umum dengan penatalaksanaan terbanyak asam valproat.  Kata Kunci: Epilepsi anak, karakteristik, gambaran EEG
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Concomitant with Acute Rheumatic Fever and Sporadic Hereditary Spherocytocis
Authors: Amelin Fitrisia , Hariyanto Didik , Izzah Amirah Zatil
Published: July 2020

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart muscle disorder defined by the presence of a dilated and poorly functioning left ventricle in the absence of abnormal loading conditions (hypertension, valve disease) or ischaemic heart disease sufficient to cause global systolic impairment. A 5 years old and 6 months old girl with unremarkable cardiac history hospitalized for congestive heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy concomitant with acute rheumatic fever and sporadic hereditary spherocytosis. Acute rheumatic fever diagnosed based on presentation of carditis, fever, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-Reactive Protein (+) and anti-streptolysin titer O (+). DCM was diagnosed after echocardiography. Sporadic hereditary spherocytosis was diagnosed based on anamnesis of pale and jaundice, splenomegaly on physical examination, hemolytic anemia, reticulocytosis, sferosit (+). Both parents reveals normal hematologic finding and the osmotic resistance test showed increasing of osmotic fragility. Prognosis of this patient remain worse because of poor left ventricle-right ventricle (LV-RV) function and highly incerasing The N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level.
Influence of New Citrus Rootstocks on Lemon Quality
Authors: Aguilar-Hernández Marlene G. , Sánchez-Rodríguez Lucía , Hernández Francisca , Forner-Giner María Ángeles , Pastor-Pérez Joaquín J. , Legua Pilar
Published: July 2020

Citrus fruits are one of the main crops produced in the world with oranges, tangerines, lemons and grapefruits being among the most important. Among them, lemons are beneficial for human health because of their antioxidant activity, phenols and vitamin C. This study evaluates three rootstocks obtained in a Spanish breeding program (Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research (IVIA)): Forner-Alcaide 5 citrus rootstock (‘FA 5’), Forner-Alcaide 13 (‘FA 13’) and Forner-Alcaide 517 (‘FA 517’) grafted onto cultivars ‘Eureka´, ‘Verna´, ‘Fino 49’ and ‘Betera´. The results determined that rootstocks have influenced cultivars in terms of a decrease in the fruit size, weight, and thickness of the peel; but has increased the percentage of juice and soluble solids. With respect to phenol content and antioxidant activity, higher values were found with all cultivars studied on rootstocks ‘FA 13’, followed by ‘FA 517’. Cultivars that were most influenced by rootstocks were ’Bétera’ and ’Eureka’ in physical properties, while in chemical properties they were ’Verna’ followed by ’Fino 49’. This investigation demonstrated the interaction of rootstocks on different cultivars in morphological, biochemical and nutraceutical characteristics.
Ceftazidime-Avibactam Combination Therapy Compared to Ceftazidime-Avibactam Monotherapy for the Treatment of Severe Infections Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Pathogens: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fiore Marco , Alfieri Aniello , Di Franco Sveva , Pace Maria Caterina , Simeon Vittorio , Ingoglia Giulia , Cortegiani Andrea
Published: July 2020

Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is a novel beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor combination approved for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, and for hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated pneumonia. The aim of this systematic review (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019128927) was to evaluate the effectiveness of CZA combination therapy versus CZA monotherapy in the treatment of severe infections. The databases included in the search, until 12 February 2020, were MEDLINE by PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We included both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies published in peer-reviewed journals and in the English language. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality (longest follow-up) evaluated in patients with the diagnosis of infection with at least one pathogen; secondary outcomes were clinical and microbiological improvement/cure. Thirteen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis: 7 RCTs and 6 retrospective studies All the six retrospective studies identified carbapenamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) as the cause of infection and for this reason were included in the network meta-analysis (NMA); the quality of the studies, assessed using the New Castle-Ottawa Scale, was moderate-high. In all the six retrospective studies included in the NMA, CZA was used in large part for off-label indications (mostly blood stream infections: 80–100% of patients included). No difference in mortality rate was observed in patients undergoing CZA combination therapy compared to CZA monotherapy [n = 503 patients, direct evidence OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.65–1.41].
Studying the Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s Disease Using Zebrafish
Authors: Barnhill Lisa M. , Murata Hiromi , Bronstein Jeff M.
Published: July 2020

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder leading to severe disability. The clinical features reflect progressive neuronal loss, especially involving the dopaminergic system. The causes of Parkinson’s disease are slowly being uncovered and include both genetic and environmental insults. Zebrafish have been a valuable tool in modeling various aspects of human disease. Here, we review studies utilizing zebrafish to investigate both genetic and toxin causes of Parkinson’s disease. They have provided important insights into disease mechanisms and will be of great value in the search for disease-modifying therapies.
Cationic Nanostructures for Vaccines Design
Authors: Carmona-Ribeiro Ana Maria , Pérez-Betancourt Yunys
Published: July 2020

Subunit vaccines rely on adjuvants carrying one or a few molecular antigens from the pathogen in order to guarantee an improved immune response. However, to be effective, the vaccine formulation usually consists of several components: an antigen carrier, the antigen, a stimulator of cellular immunity such as a Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) ligand, and a stimulator of humoral response such as an inflammasome activator. Most antigens are negatively charged and combine well with oppositely charged adjuvants. This explains the paramount importance of studying a variety of cationic supramolecular assemblies aiming at the optimal activity in vivo associated with adjuvant simplicity, positive charge, nanometric size, and colloidal stability. In this review, we discuss the use of several antigen/adjuvant cationic combinations. The discussion involves antigen assembled to (1) cationic lipids, (2) cationic polymers, (3) cationic lipid/polymer nanostructures, and (4) cationic polymer/biocompatible polymer nanostructures. Some of these cationic assemblies revealed good yet poorly explored perspectives as general adjuvants for vaccine design.
Insights into the New Cancer Therapy through Redox Homeostasis and Metabolic Shifts
Authors: Hyun Dong-Hoon
Published: July 2020

Modest levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for intracellular signaling, cell division, and enzyme activation. These ROS are later eliminated by the body’s antioxidant defense system. High amounts of ROS cause carcinogenesis by altering the signaling pathways associated with metabolism, proliferation, metastasis, and cell survival. Cancer cells exhibit enhanced ATP production and high ROS levels, which allow them to maintain elevated proliferation through metabolic reprograming. In order to prevent further ROS generation, cancer cells rely on more glycolysis to produce ATP and on the pentose phosphate pathway to provide NADPH. Pro-oxidant therapy can induce more ROS generation beyond the physiologic thresholds in cancer cells. Alternatively, antioxidant therapy can protect normal cells by activating cell survival signaling cascades, such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) pathway, in response to radio- and chemotherapeutic drugs. Nrf2 is a key regulator that protects cells from oxidative stress. Under normal conditions, Nrf2 is tightly bound to Keap1 and is ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. However, under oxidative stress, or when treated with Nrf2 activators, Nrf2 is liberated from the Nrf2-Keap1 complex, translocated into the nucleus, and bound to the antioxidant response element in association with other factors. This cascade results in the expression of detoxifying enzymes, including NADH-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase 1. NQO1 and cytochrome b5 reductase can neutralize ROS in the plasma membrane and induce a high NAD+/NADH ratio, which then activates SIRT1 and mitochondrial bioenergetics. NQO1 can also stabilize the tumor suppressor p53. Given their roles in cancer pathogenesis, redox homeostasis and the metabolic shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (through activation of Nrf2 and NQO1) seem to be good targets for cancer therapy. Therefore, Nrf2 modulation and NQO1 stimulation could be important therapeutic targets for cancer prevention and treatment.
Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method for Elastic Wave Propagation in the Frequency Domain
Authors: Gavrilieva Uygulana , Vasilyeva Maria , Chung Eric T.
Published: July 2020

In this work, we consider elastic wave propagation in fractured media. The mathematical model is described by the Helmholtz problem related to wave propagation with specific interface conditions (Linear Slip Model, LSM) on the fracture in the frequency domain. For the numerical solution, we construct a fine grid that resolves all fracture interfaces on the grid level and construct approximation using a finite element method. We use a discontinuous Galerkin method for the approximation by space that helps to weakly impose interface conditions on fractures. Such approximation leads to a large system of equations and is computationally expensive. In this work, we construct a coarse grid approximation for an effective solution using the Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method (GMsFEM). We construct and compare two types of the multiscale methods—Continuous Galerkin Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method (CG-GMsFEM) and Discontinuous Galerkin Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method (DG-GMsFEM). Multiscale basis functions are constructed by solving local spectral problems in each local domains to extract dominant modes of the local solution. In CG-GMsFEM, we construct continuous multiscale basis functions that are defined in the local domains associated with the coarse grid node and contain four coarse grid cells for the structured quadratic coarse grid. The multiscale basis functions in DG-GMsFEM are discontinuous and defined in each coarse grid cell. The results of the numerical solution for the two-dimensional Helmholtz equation are presented for CG-GMsFEM and DG-GMsFEM for different numbers of multiscale basis functions.
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Fruit Extract and Skin Microbiota: A Focus on C. acnes Phylotypes in Acne Subjects
Authors: Gervason Sandie , Metton Isabelle , Gemrot Elodie , Ranouille Edwige , Skorski Gilbert , Cabannes Magalie , Berthon Jean-Yves , Filaire Edith
Published: July 2020

Knowing that Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is known to have antibacterial effects, this study investigated the skin microbiota with a focus on Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) phylotypes in subjects with acne, and determined microbiota changes after 28 days of treatment with berries Rhodomyrtus tomentosa as an active ingredient (RT). Skin swabs from seventeen acne subjects were collected and the skin microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A culture-independent next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based SLST (single-locus sequence typing) approach was aimed at evaluating RT extract effects on C. acnes phylotype repartition. Clinical evaluations (lesion counts) were performed at baseline (D0) and after 28 days (D28) of twice-daily application of the RT active ingredient. We determined: (1) the skin microbiota at D0 was dominated by Actinobacteria followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria; (2) at the genus level, Cutibacterium was the most abundant genus followed by Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium; (3) C. acnes was the major species in terms of mean abundance, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus hominis (S. hominis); and (4) phylotype IA1 was most represented, with a predominance of SLST type A1, followed by phylotypes II, IB, IA2, IC, and III. After 28 days of RT extract treatment, phylotype repartition were modified with a decrease in abundance (approximately 4%) of phylotype IA1 and an increase in phylotype II and III. Cutibacterium granulosum (C. granulosum) abundance also decreased. Reduction of retentional and inflammatory lesions was also noted only after RT treatment; thus, RT extract acts as a microbiota-regulating agent.