bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Etablierung und Evaluation einer multinationalen Wissenschaftsakademie: Ein neues Modell zur Stärkung des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses in der mikrochirurgischen Forschung – Ein Konsensus Papier der DAM
Authors: Horch R. E. , Kengelbach-Weigand A. , Pierer G. , Kneser U. , Schaefer D. , Boos A. M. , Arkudas A. , Schmidt V. J.
Published: April 2020

Hintergrund Die Bildung von beruflichen Netzwerken und Kooperationen ist neben einer guten Weiterbildung für eine erfolgreiche Karriere meist grundlegend. In etlichen Fachdisziplinen existieren hierfür bereits kleinere Symposien oder Konferenzen. Im Forschungszweig der Mikrochirurgie gab es bislang jedoch noch keine dezidierte Möglichkeit für Nachwuchswissenschaftler sich untereinander zu vernetzen.

Methoden Im Jahre 2017 wurde erstmalig eine Wissenschaftsakademie durch die Deutschsprachige Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Nerven und Gefäße (DAM) initiiert. Das Ziel war es, mikrochirurgisch forschende junge Ärzte sowie Wissenschaftler im kleinen Rahmen einmal jährlich zusammenzubringen und zu vernetzen, um Synergien für gemeinsame Forschungsprojekte zu entwickeln. Hierfür wurden jeweils von den Vorständen der Forschungseinrichtungen, die in der DAM organisiert sind, motivierte Nachwuchswissenschaftler zur Akademie entsendet. Nach einem Kennenlernen in lockerer Atmosphäre, bekamen die Teilnehmer die Möglichkeit, sich im Rahmen von Themenblöcken und unter Moderation durch erfahrene Mentoren ihr jeweiliges Forschungsprojekt vorzustellen. Es schloss sich eine Diskussionsrunde sowie Kleingruppenarbeit an, in der Kenntnisse und Methoden ausgetauscht sowie Anknüpfungspunkte für mögliche spätere Kooperationen identifiziert wurden.

Ergebnisse Die DAM Wissenschaftsakademie erwies sich in den vergangenen 3 Jahren als ein optimales Format, um Netzwerke von jungen mikrochirurgisch interessierten Ärzten und Wissenschaftlern zu initiieren und zu fördern. Es ergaben sich zahlreiche lebhafte und vertiefte Diskussionen, die vor allem durch die offene Arbeitsatmosphäre und die Verpflichtung zur Vertraulichkeit zustande kamen. Die meisten Synergien zeigten sich u. a. auf dem Gebiet Angiogenese, Bioreaktor, Karzinom-ADSC Interaktionen, Stammzellen, AV loop Modell, Ischämie/Reperfusion und Nervenregeneration. Die Teilnehmer gaben in abschließender Evaluation durchweg ein sehr positives Feedback mit dem Wunsch der Fortsetzung dieser Akademie.

Schlussfolgerung Die DAM Wissenschaftsakademie kann als eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zu den bereits bestehenden Möglichkeiten der Vernetzung unter mikrochirurgischen Forschern betrachtet werden. Die bisherigen Erfahrungen lassen annehmen, dass sich hieraus langfristige Kooperationen und ein dauerhafter Wissenstransfer unter den Teilnehmern ergeben.
A study of possible-worlds semantics of relevance-sensitive belief revision
Authors: Aravanis Theofanis , Peppas Pavlos , Williams Mary-Anne
Published: April 2020

Parikh’s relevance-sensitive axiom (P) for belief revision is open to two different interpretations, i.e. the weak and the strong version of (P), both of which are plausible depending on the context. Given that strong (P) has not received the attention it deserves, in this article, an extended examination of it is conducted. In particular, we point out interesting properties of the semantic characterization of the strong version of (P), as well as a vital feature of it that, potentially, results in a significant drop on the resources required for an implementation of a belief-revision system. Lastly, we shed light on the natural connection between global and local revision functions, via their corresponding semantic characterization, hence, a means for constructing global revision functions from local ones, and vice versa, is provided.
Extreme Genomic CpG Deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 and Evasion of Host Antiviral Defense
Authors: Xia Xuhua
Published: April 2020

Wild mammalian species, including bats, constitute the natural reservoir of betacoronavirus (including SARS, MERS, and the deadly SARS-CoV-2). Different hosts or host tissues provide different cellular environments, especially different antiviral and RNA modification activities that can alter RNA modification signatures observed in the viral RNA genome. The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) binds specifically to CpG dinucleotides and recruits other proteins to degrade a variety of viral RNA genomes. Many mammalian RNA viruses have evolved CpG deficiency. Increasing CpG dinucleotides in these low-CpG viral genomes in the presence of ZAP consistently leads to decreased viral replication and virulence. Because ZAP exhibits tissue-specific expression, viruses infecting different tissues are expected to have different CpG signatures, suggesting a means to identify viral tissue-switching events. The author shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the most extreme CpG deficiency in all known betacoronavirus genomes. This suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may have evolved in a new host (or new host tissue) with high ZAP expression. A survey of CpG deficiency in viral genomes identified a virulent canine coronavirus (alphacoronavirus) as possessing the most extreme CpG deficiency, comparable with that observed in SARS-CoV-2. This suggests that the canine tissue infected by the canine coronavirus may provide a cellular environment strongly selecting against CpG. Thus, viral surveys focused on decreasing CpG in viral RNA genomes may provide important clues about the selective environments and viral defenses in the original hosts.
Social media resources and export performance: the role of trust and commitment
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud Abdulai , Adams Matilda , Abubakari Aidatu , Commey Nicholas Oblitei , Kastner Adelaide Naa Amerley
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The study sought to examine the influence of social media resources on export performance and the role commitment and trust play in this relationship using an integrated model.

Design/methodology/approach

A quantitative survey design was employed for this study. Empirical data for this paper were drawn from 210 exporting firms in Ghana, using purposive sampling technique. The hypothesized links were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings

The result of this study reveals that social media resources and marketing capabilities directly influence export performance and indirectly through commitment and trust.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to attempt to use an integrated model (resource-based view and commitment-trust theory) to understand and explain an international marketing phenomenon. By concentrating on Ghana, the study offers new insights regarding the pathway for exporting firms in emerging markets.
A template-based approach to measure supply chain flexibility: a case study of Indian soap manufacturing firm
Authors: Singh Rohit Kumar , Acharya Padmanav , Modgil Sachin
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to quantify the supply chain flexibility for an Indian soap manufacturing firm and to measure its performance. The authors made an attempt to find key strategic and operational decision-making dimensions for developing effective supply chain flexibility environment.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors have extracted 11 supply chain flexibility dimensions through extensive literature review. The authors used a decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) to make causal analysis and prioritizing the dimensions. After DEMATEL analysis three major supply chain flexibility dimensions that seem to have significant amount of influence on supply chain performance of the firms were retained for further consideration. The authors have developed an excel-based template for quantitative assessment of flexibility performance indicators.

Findings

This study provides key enablers for the successful implementation of flexibility concepts in Indian soap manufacturing firms and gives a view how to measure the performance through designing template based on real data. This template can be used in other firms also by simply modifying the key attributes.

Originality/value

A flexibility index has been defined here with the purpose of assessing the level of flexibility vis-a-vis what is desired and is meant to be evaluated from time to time, to assess if the firm is improving its flexibility or not. The index assumes importance in view of the fact that it has been prepared based on feedbacks of both the upper and the lower management people of the firm engaged in policymaking and operations.
The effects of moral/social identity threats and affirmations on psychological defensiveness following wrongdoing
Authors: Wenzel Michael , Woodyatt Lydia , McLean Ben
Published: April 2020

Defensive responses to transgressions can have a negative impact on decision‐making within government and organizations, on relationships, and even an individual’s well‐being. Transgressors who are defensive are less likely to acknowledge or appreciate the extent of harm caused, and their responsibility in having contributed to it or in helping to repair it. It is therefore important to understand what situational factors increase or reduce defensiveness and, thus, offer solutions for those trying to foster responsibility‐taking by individuals in relationships, organizations, and society. This paper presents two studies exploring what underpins defensive responses in the context of transgressions. In Study 1 (N = 202), participants recalled an interpersonal transgression, and in Study 2 (N = 143), omnivorous participants watched a guilt‐eliciting documentary about meat production practices. Both studies demonstrate that defensiveness increases in response to social/moral threat. Further, Study 2 demonstrates that this defensiveness can be reduced by addressing the underlying threat to social/moral identity via value affirmation, encouraging moral engagement, and repair.
Activated monocytes and markers of inflammation in newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis
Authors: Carstensen Mikkel , Christensen Tove , Stilund Morten , Møller Holger J , Petersen Eva L , Petersen Thor
Published: April 2020

In multiple sclerosis (MS), the inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) develop in distinct ways. This makes diagnosing patients difficult, imperative to initiating early and proper treatment. Several common features exist, among them a profound infiltration of monocytes into the CNS mediating demyelination and tissue destruction. In the periphery, monocytes are divided into three subsets depending on expression of CD14 and CD16, representing different stages of activation and differentiation. To investigate their involvement in MS, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 61 patients with incipient, untreated MS and 22 symptomatic control (SC) patients as well as 6 patients with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) were characterized ex vivo. In addition, paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were analyzed with a panel of biomarkers. In PBMC samples, we demonstrate decreased levels of nonclassical monocytes with a concomitant significant decrease of human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) H3 envelope epitopes on this monocyte subset compared with SC and RIS. The observed HERV expression is present on nonclassical monocytes irrespective of MS and thus presumably a result of the inflammatory activation. For the other surface markers analyzed, we found significantly decreased expression between classical and nonclassical monocytes. In matched samples of CSF a highly significant increase in levels of soluble markers of activation and inflammation is shown, and notably this is not the case for the serum samples. Of the soluble markers investigated, interleukin (IL)‐12/IL‐23p40 had the highest discriminatory power in differentiating patients with MS from SC and RIS, almost comparable to the immunoglobulin G index.
Risk factors and the potential of nomogram for predicting hospital‐acquired pressure injuries
Authors: Cheng Hong , Sun Xiuming , Ji Xiaojun , Zhang Jidong , Lv Jinglei , Li Tianjun , Ding Lei
Published: April 2020

This 1:5 case‐control study aimed to identify the risk factors of hospital‐acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) and to develop a mathematical model of nomogram for the risk prediction of HAPIs. Data for 370 patients with HAPIs and 1971 patients without HAPIs were extracted from the adverse events and the electronic medical systems. They were randomly divided into two sets: training (n = 1951) and validation (n = 390). Significant risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses in the training set, followed by a nomogram constructed. Age, independent movement, sensory perception and response, moisture, perfusion, use of medical devices, compulsive position, hypoalbuminaemia, an existing pressure injury or scarring from a previous pressure injury, and surgery sufferings were considered significant risk factors and were included to construct a nomogram. In both of the training and validation sets, the areas of 0.90 under the receiver operating characteristic curves showed excellent discrimination of the nomogram; calibration plots demonstrated a good consistency between the observed probability and the nomogram's prediction; decision curve analyses exhibited preferable net benefit along with the threshold probability in the nomogram. The excellent performance of the nomogram makes it a convenient and reliable tool for the risk prediction of HAPIs.
Addressing Social Issues in Commodity Markets: Using Cost Modeling as an Enabler of Public Policy in the Bangladeshi Apparel Industry
Authors: Hasan Rejaul , Moore Marguerite , Handfield Robert
Published: April 2020

Global apparel brands that source production from less developed countries are increasingly exposed to risks that arise from human rights violations. Despite widely publicized factory safety failures, reactionary regulatory efforts remain inadequate. This situation is commonly attributed to unyielding downward price pressure imposed on factories by Western brands. To address this problem, this research develops a comprehensive cost model for low‐cost apparel production following a total cost of ownership approach. Comprehensive production data for cotton T‐shirts from nine Bangladeshi factories provide the basis for model construction. The model reveals that materials generate the bulk of production costs (77%) for a T‐shirt, in contrast to worker wages which generate only 2 percent of the total production cost per unit (e.g., 16 cents out of a $8USD retail price). The TCO provides fundamental insights, grounded in real data, to guide policy and regulation among stakeholders in high‐risk, low‐cost supply chains. Based on the research context, results are considered through the lens of agency theory to provide managerial implications for relevant stakeholders.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПСИХОДІАГНОСТИЧНИХ МЕТОДІВ ДЛЯ ВИЯВЛЕННЯ ПЕРВИННОГО ЕПІЗОДУ БІПОЛЯРНОГО АФЕКТИВНОГО РОЗЛАДУ В ПРАКТИЦІ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я
Authors: Mysula Yu. I.
Published: April 2020

Мета: вивчити найпоширеніші методи діагностики розладів біполярного спектра при первинному епізоді біполярного афективного розладу (БАР).

Матеріали і методи. Клінічно обстежено 153 хворих із первинним епізодом біполярного афективного розладу з використанням опитувальника розладів настрою (Mood Disorser Questionnaire – MDQ) (R. M. Hirschfield et al., 2001), діагностичної шкали біполярного спектра (N. S. Ghaemi, C. J. Miller et al., 2005; G. Sachs, 2004, 2008) та самоопитувальника для діагностики гіподинамії (Hypomania Checklist-32 – HCL-32).

Результати. Особливості перебігу первинного епізоду біполярного афективного розладу проаналізовано на основі даних клінічного обстеження 153 хворих. Встановлено, що найвищий діагностичний потенціал має діагностична шкала біполярного спектра у хворих із депресивним, маніакальним і змішаним варіантами первинного епізоду біполярного афективного розладу та нижчою здатністю опитувальника розладів настрою (MDQ) і самоопитувальника HCL-32 для діагностики патологічних афективних симптомів біполярного спектра в хворих із маніакальним та змішаним варіантом первинного епізоду біполярного афективного розладу, але вони були нечутливі до депресивного варіанту. Використовуючи діагностичну шкалу біполярного спектра для виявлення ознак біполярності при первинному епізоді БАР, варто памʼятати, що кількісні показники для неї нижчі, ніж при обстеженні хворих із клінічно сформованим БАР, що необхідно враховувати під час проведення діагностики.

Висновки. Виявлені особливості варто враховувати при використанні цих психодіагностичних інструментів для оцінки ризику біполярності при афективних розладах у клінічній практиці.
Relations With the Educational Community and Transformative Beliefs Against Gender-Based Violence as Preventive Factors of Sexual Violence in Secondary Education
Authors: Elboj-Saso Carmen , Iñiguez-Berrozpe Tatiana , Valero-Errazu Diana
Published: April 2020

Nowadays sexual violence among adolescents continues to be detected in schools. In this sense, several studies show the great importance of the interactions of boys and girls with people in their educational environment to configure their emotional and sexual identity, their beliefs about violence, and their relationship with sexual violence, being necessary to identify the actions that prevent sexual violence at schools. In the current article, and according to the literature review, a model based on structural equations is proposed to analyze the influence of students’ relationships with one another, with the educational community (at the center, with faculty, staff, other workers), and families’ relationships with the center as well as adolescents’ own beliefs related to gender violence on being a victim, bystander, or aggressor of behaviors related to sexual violence in a sample of 4,273 Spanish students in secondary education. This model is replicated for only women ( n = 2,022) and only men ( n = 2,038). The results show that positive relationships are a protective factor against involvement in situations of sexual aggression, and they influence the acquisition of transformative beliefs regarding models of attraction and nonviolence. In turn, these beliefs even more obviously affect the prevention of this type of violence.
A novel p.A191D matrilin-3 variant in a Vietnamese family with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia: a case report
Authors: Ho Thuong Thi , Tran Linh Huyen , Hoang Lan Thu , Doan Phuong Kim Thi , Nguyen Trang Thi , Nguyen Trang Hong , Tran Hoai Thu , Hoang Ha , Chu Ha Hoang , Luong Anh Lan Thi
Published: April 2020

Background

Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) is a common skeletal dysplasia that is characterized by variable degrees of epiphyseal abnormality primarily involving the hip and knee joints. Mutations in a gene encoding matrilin-3 (MATN3) have been reported as disease causing of autosomal dominant MED. The current study identified a novel c.572 C > A variant (p.A191D) in exon 2 of MATN3 in a Vietnamese family with MED.

Case presentation

A standard clinical tests and radiological examination were performed in an 8-year-old Vietnamese girl patient. The clinical examination showed that patient height was under average, with bent lower limbs, limited mobility and dislocation of the joints at both knees. Radiological documentation revealed abnormal cartilage development at the epiphysis of the femur and patella. The patient has a varus deformity of the lower limbs. The patient was diagnosed with autosomal dominant MED using molecular testing in the order of the coding sequences and flanking sequences of five genes: COMP (exons 8–19), MATN3 (exon 2), COL9A2 (exon 3), COL9A3 (exon 3), COL9A1 (exon 8) by Sanger sequencing. A novel heterozygous missense variant (c.572 C > A, p.A191D) in MATN3 was identified in this family, which were not inherited from parents. The p.A191D was predicted and classified as a pathogenic variant. When the two predicted structures of the wild type and mutant matrilin-3 were compared, the p.A191D substitution caused conformational changes near the substitution site, resulting in deformity of the β-sheet of the single A domain of matrilin- 3.

Conclusions

This is the first Vietnamese MED family attributed to p.A191D matrilin-3 variant, and our clinical, radiological and molecular data suggest that the novel de novo missense variant in MATN3 contributed to MED.
Features of the Development of Vocational Education and Science in Japan after the Second World War
Authors: Baryshnikov A. , Shishov Sergey
Published: April 2020

Russian vocational education is a subject to deep modernization, in connection with this, it is necessary to consider the best practices in reforming the global educational space, identify innovative national policy priorities, rationally defining the educational reform strategy based on in-depth studies of domestic and world economic forecasting. The article discusses the features of the history of Japanese vocational education after the Second World War, the uniqueness of scientific and educational achievements. The paper indicates the main trends in the modernization of education in the 21st century, considers the likelihood of transferring the experience of Japanese education to the Russian system while preserving the national historical and cultural traditions.
Computational Methods in Problems of Subjective Assessment of Investment Decisions Effectiveness
Authors: Danko E.V. , Yergaliyev Ye.K. , Madiyarov M.N.
Published: April 2020

The paper describes the implementation of investment projects under conditions of uncertainty. In the developed mathematical model, the effectiveness of an investment project is evaluated by the NPV index. This index is considered a random variable that can be estimated by an investor to within a segment [NPV1;NPV2]. The main difficulties of the decision-making process arise when the segment [NPV1;NPV2] includes zero value. In the developed model, we use the probability density function of NPV value in the form of Pearson curves of the first type. This paper discusses in detail some particular moments, which are to be taken into consideration while choosing a specific type of probability density function of NPV.

The main element of the proposed model is the subjective utility function. Many questions regarding the usage of this function in practice are also extensively reviewed in this article. The main requirement for successful usage of the subjective utility function in real life is a well-calculated chapter of scenario analysis of an investment project. This chapter is present in almost all modern business plans. The practical application of the developed mathematical model improves the quality of decisions concerning the investment of funds into projects.
Azidophenylselenylation of glycals towards 2-azido-2-deoxy-selenoglycosides and their application in oligosaccharide synthesis
Authors: Kazakova Ekaterina D. , Yashunsky Dmitry V. , Khatuntseva Elena A. , Nifantiev Nikolay E.
Published: April 2020

2-Amino-2-deoxy-pyranosyl units are important structural components of cell-wall polymers in prokaryotes, fungi and mammals. With respect to the need for development of novel and efficient vaccines and tools for serodiagnosis of infectious diseases, of particular interest are the oligosaccharide cell-wall antigens of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, which comprise 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose units as α- or β-anomers. Synthesis of N-acylated α-GlcN and α-GalN containing oligosaccharides is a special challenge due to the presence of a participating group at C2 which favors the formation of β- rather than α-glycoside bond. Herein we overview the efficient two-step approach for preparation of 1,2-cis-glycosides of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose, which was recently developed in our laboratory. In the first step, an efficient and straightforward azidophenylselenylation procedure of glycals gives phenyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-1-selenoglycosides as versatile glycosyl donors. In the second step, these donors can be efficiently transformed into α- or β-glycosides depending on the choice of the solvent. In acetonitrile, total β-stereocontrol was achieved, and the use of diethyl ether as a solvent favouring α-stereoselectivity of glycosylations with phenyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-1-selenoglycosides. Besides, it was shown, that low reactivity and nucleophilicity of glycosyl acceptors which are glycosylated with phenyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-1-selenogalactosides facilitated the formation of α-GalN derivatives. To date, homogenous azidophenylselenylation of glycals and glycosylation with phenyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-1-seleno-α-D-glycopyranosides can be regarded as most useful tool for introduction of 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glycopyranoside residues into complex synthetic oligosaccharides.
When National Styles Were Stylish
Authors: Gordin Michael D.
Published: April 2020

This essay is part of a special issue entitled “Looking Backward, Looking Forward: HSNS at 50,” edited by Erika Lorraine Milam.
АВТОНАРАТИВ ЯК ЗАСІБ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ І РЕОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ЖИТТЄВОГО ШЛЯХУ ОСОБИСТОСТІ ПАЦІЄНТА
Authors: Орап Марина
Published: April 2020

У статті висвітлено результати теоретичного та емпіричного дослідження можливостей автонаративу в діагностиці особливостей особистості та життєвого шляху пацієнта в ситуації трав­мівного досвіду. З’ясовано, що основні напрями дослідження будуються навколо розгляду автона­ративу за­со­бом конструювання, побудови внутрішніх смислів особистості та вивчення його як способу презентації внутрішнього змісту особистості. Описано групи пацієнтів за типом ставлення до хвороби: умовно-адаптивний, інтрапсихічний дезадаптивний, інтерпсихічний дезадаптивний. За результатами емпіричного дослідження здійснено класифікацію автонаративів досліджуваних відповідно до характеру вияву в них емоційних переживань. Здійснено якісний і кількісний аналіз отриманих емпіричних даних. Найбільш раціо­нальними та позитивно налаштованими виявились автонаративи пацієнтів із умовно-адаптивним ти­пом ставлення до хвороби У групі пацієнтів із інтрапсихічною спрямованістю дезадаптації перева­жають емоційно-нейтральні та емоційно-негативні автонаративи. Для групи з інтерпсихічною дезадап­тацією характерними є автонаративи емоційно-негативного та раціонального типу. Відтак, у автонаративах пацієнтів виокремлено істотні для реорганізації травматичної події показники: 1) рівень когнітивної об­робки події (раціоналізації), 2) позитивне/негативне емоційне тло сприймання травматичної події, 3) наяв­ність позитивних очікувань від майбутнього. Проаналізовано особливості вживання «когнітивних» та «афективних» синтагм різними групами пацієнтів залежно від типу ставлення до хвороби. Доведено, що активне, дієве ставлення до процесу одужання відображається в автонаративах, виокремлено відповідні пси­хо­лінгвістичні маркери. Отже, більш конструктивним для збереження здоров’я виявляється раціо­нальна інтерпретація подій власного життя через усвідомлене осмислення свого життя та когнітивних схем відображення дійсності. У висновках сформульовано загальні напрямки психокореційної роботи з пацієнтами залежно від типу їхнього ставлення до хвороби та перспективи подальших досліджень
КОНСТРУКТ «ЗОВНІШНЄ Я» ЯК КОМПОНЕНТ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ САМОСВІДОМОСТІ ТА ДИСПОЗИЦІЙНА ОСНОВА СОЦІАБЕЛЬНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ: СПРОБА ТЕОРЕТИЧНОЇ ВАЛІДИЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Шамне Анжеліка
Published: April 2020

Стаття містить спробу теоретичної валідизації емпіричного конструкту «зовнішнє Я», отри­ма­ного в результаті факторизації даних діагностики респондентів підліткового та юнацького віку (n=1457). Виокремлено декілька імпліцитних та експліцитних ліній аналізу цього конструкту: диспозиційну, соціаль­но-поведінкову та вікової генези. Проаналізовано експліцитні уявлення про соціабельність як характерис­ти­ку темпераменту та особистісну рису. Показано, що імпліцитно конструкт «зовнішнє Я» існує у психо­логії в різних іпостасях: як підструктура Я та прояв соціальної самосвідомості, як феномен ідентифікації та прояв потреби «бути як інші», як ціннісно-мотиваційна складова прагнення до любові, мотивації афі­ліації, страху осуду та бажання заслужити любов та схвалення оточення, як складова нормативної, кон­формної поведінки, як мотиваційний регулятор діяльності та життєдіяльності особистості. «Зовнішнє Я», з одного боку, є індивідуально-психологічною диспозицією, симптомокомплексом рис особистості, яку мож­на інтерпретувати як диспозиційну основу соціабельної поведінки. З іншого боку, конструкт «зовнішнє Я» має поведінкову складову – власне соціабельну поведінку. Її визначено як здатність особистості узго­джувати та коректувати соціальну активність згідно з  очікуваннями оточення, групи, соціальними нор­ма­ми та вимогами. Як індивідуально-психологічна диспозиція «зовнішнє Я» є кластером взаємопов’язаних характеристик особистості (когнітивних, регулятивних, поведінкових), які відіграють важливу роль у процесі соціально-психологічної адаптації. Поведінкова складова «зовнішнього Я» (соціабельна поведінка) є опосередкованим показником соціоцентричних тенденцій розвитку (на противагу егоцентричним як орієнтації на власні цінності та сенси). Розглянуто особливості «зовнішнього Я» як позивної та негативної конотації особистості, його потенціал та ризики у розвитку особистості в період дорослішання. Ви­значено, що конструкт «зовнішнє Я» не є артефактом і може бути інтерпретований як вікова та со­ціально-психологічна характеристика прояву соціального в особистості у період підліткового та юнацького віку
Determination of Hydrothermal Prospects in Paipa Geothermal Region (Boyacá, Colombia) Using Remote Sensing and Field Data
Authors: Calderón-Chaparro Rafael Andrés , Vargas-Cuervo German
Published: April 2020

Geothermal resources (e.g. hot springs) are found with the help of field techniques, such as geological, geochemistry and geophysical. These techniques in some occasions are difficult to apply because of the limit access to the research area, rising operational costs and constrained spatially the exploration areas. The thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing is an important tool for the exploration of geothermal resources, due to the low cost and high efficiency in the study of large geographic areas. The aim of this study is to use thermal imagery of satellite remote sensing and combined with geological-geophysical data, for spatial determination of exploratory prospects of hot springs in the geothermal region of Paipa, Boyacá. The images used in this study are from satellites Landsat-7 ETM+, Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS, MODIS, ALOS-PALSAR and Pléiades. Also, field data is used, such as soil temperature, surface temperature, air temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and thermal imagery of surface geothermal manifestations. The Landsat thermal bands were radiometrically calibrated, then atmospherically and surface emissivity corrected, applying single channel and split window algorithms, for Landsat-7 ETM+ and Landsat-8 TIRS, respectively. The field data helped to correct the thermal bands. And the soil temperature data are used to create a subsurface temperature map at 1-meter depth. Once primary and secondary data is had, in a geographic information system (GIS) is implemented an unweighted spatial model, which use four input indicators (satellite temperature index, soil temperature index, structural lineaments index and iso-resistivity index) to determine the areas with higher probability to find geothermal fluids. Six prospects are highlighted for hydrothermal fluid extraction, in which two of them are already known. Results allow to concluded that thermal remote sensing are useful to map geothermal anomalies in the Paipa region, and by using these anomalies plus geological-geophysical information is possible to determine exact exploration areas.
Influence of Helicobacter pylori on cytokine regulation in chronic atrophic gastritis
Authors: Smirnova O. V. , Sinyakov A. A.
Published: April 2020

At present, the level of Helicobacter pylori infection is determined by geographic area, gender and age of the examined individuals, and can reach up to 95% of the total population. Environmental adaptation of H. pylori is exhibited in its ability to adhere to the gastric mucosal epithelium and modulated expression of its own virulent factors. Current concepts implicate that H. pylori can survive inside epithelial cells, evading host immune response. Cytokines are produced by immune cells and act to regulate its major stages. A cytokine cascade launched after Helicobacter pylori infection triggers immune reactions, progression of chronic inflammatory and destructive processes in the gastric mucosa. The role of cytokines in precancerous diseases of the stomach is ambiguous because, on the one hand, they activate immune response aimed at eliminating the pathogen, whereas on the other hand, they do contribute to the disease progression. The aim of our study was to examine profile of some cytokines and features of cytokine regulation in H. pylori-infected middle-aged males with chronic gastritis (CG) as well as chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). In patients with CG with H. pylori, CAG and CAG with H. pylori, an increase in the cytokine IL-2 was observed that might contribute to augmented damaging effect of cytotoxic lymphocytes, as well as implementation of antitumor effect. CAG with H. pylori was featured with IL-8 hyperproduction, which resulted in increased absolute numbers of band neutrophils in peripheral blood and their decreased phagocytic activity evidencing about altered host defense mechanisms. There was increased amount of IFNy involved in recognition of malignantly transformed cells and upregulated expression of the major histocompatibility complex molecules on antigen-presenting cells. In patients with CG with H. pylori and CAG with H. pylori, production of IL-4 was increased, which might serve as a contributing factor to the chronicity of H. pylori-associated diseases. Overproduction of type 1 and type 2 cytokines indicates about activated Th1 and Th2 type immune reactions in H. pylori-associat-ed CG. A potent pro-inflammatory cytokine cascade triggers inflammatory changes in gastric mucosa with developing neutrophil infiltration and lymphocyte activation. Damage and death of epithelial cells upon inflammation form erosive and ulcerative defects, or changes manifested as gastric mucosal atrophy, metaplasia and neoplasia. The data obtained may be used as additional diagnostic criteria in early diagnostics of precancerous stomach diseases.
Arterial hypertension in adults. Clinical guidelines 2020
Authors: Kobalava Zh. D. , Konradi A. O. , Nedogoda S. V. , Shlyakhto E. V. , Arutyunov G. P. , Baranova E. I. , Barbarash O. L. , Boitsov S. A. , Vavilova T. V. , Villevalde S. V. , Galyavich A. S. , Glezer M. G. , Grineva E. N. , Grinstein Yu. I. , Drapkina O. M. , Zhernakova Yu. V. , Zvartau N. E. , Kislyak O. A. , Koziolova N. A. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Libis R. A. , Lopatin Yu. M. , Nebiridze D. V. , Nedoshivin A. O. , Ostroumova O. D. , Oschepkova E. V. , Ratova L. G. , Skibitsky V. V. , Tkacheva O. N. , Chazova I. E. , Chesnikova A. I. , Chumakova G. A. , Shalnova S. A. , Shestakova M. V. , Yakushin S. S. , Yanishevsky S. N.
Published: April 2020

Arterial hypertension in adults. Clinical guidelines 2020
Estrategia para la disminución de violencias en la escuela en la ciudad de Bucaramanga
Authors: Correa Corredor Marien Yolanda , Jaimes Mar Carmenza , Cardozo Le Sugey Viviana , Mantilla Roa Claudia Patricia
Published: April 2020

En el presente artículo –derivado de una investigación socio-jurídica de carácter interdisciplinario, descriptivo, cualitativo con fines posteriores de intervención, se pretenden establecer mecanismos de orientación para formar en competencias ciudadanas desde la escuela, teniendo como fundamentos la teoría de la civilidad, la cual es vista a partir de su bifurcación entre civilismo y civismo. La investigación se desarrolló en dos fases bien definidas: la primera, desde una construcción teórica, analítica y propositiva respecto a las competencias ciudadanas, y la segunda, en la búsqueda de un cómo hacer operativa la propuesta de un centro de orientación interdisciplinario para formar tales competencias en la escuela.

 

AbstractThis article derived from a socio-legal, interdisciplinary, descriptive and qualitative research, with subsequent intervention purposes, seeks to establish mechanisms for guidance in devising civil competitions from school, having as basis the theory of civility, which is seen from its bifurcation between civility and citizenship. The research was conducted in two distinct phases: thefirst, from a theoretical, analytical and proactive construct regarding civil competitions, and second, in searching for a how to operationalize the proposal of an interdisciplinary guidance center to form such skills in school.
Jueces de paz y justicia comunitaria
Authors: Anaya Capone Rosana
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo de investigación aborda los factores y aspectos que inciden en la toma de decisiones por parte de los jueces de paz cuando los habitantes de un determinado lugar solicitan su intervención. Del cuidado que se le asigne a su identificación dependerá en gran medida la selección de las personas que integran la Justicia comunitaria. Desde esta perspectiva, el artículo es una respuesta a toda esa variedad de aspectos que forman parte del proceso en el cual juega un papel fundamental el conocimiento y la experiencia de quienes actúan en calidad de Jueces de Paz. En este sentido, este artículo se identifica en términos descriptivos como una búsqueda por reconocer las causas-efectos de los fenómenos estudiados; identificar las variables que los potencializan o los mitigan así como la realidad social. Además, este trabajo revela las encuestas aplicadas a la población objeto de estudio.
Modificaciones de la estructura jurídica de la familia en Colombia como resultado de las sentencias creadoras de derecho de la corte constitucional
Authors: Valencia de Urina Hayd , Cadena Mario Andrés , D Luisa Fernanda , Bedoya Cristian Alberto , S John Deivi
Published: April 2020

Este artículo de reflexión analiza la categoría de familia, que presenta nuevas formas de estructuración de su dinámica fruto del acceso de la mujer al trabajo, competencia laboral, igualdad de género, madresolterismo, parejas por la Internet, hijos criados por sus abuelos, mujeres cabeza de familia, padres quedesempeñan labores en el hogar, por señalar algunos. Los cambios de la familia en este siglo, deja más preguntas que respuestas: ¿qué sucederá con los roles tradicionales de masculinidad, maternidad y paternidad? ¿Cómo enfrentará el “hijo” de una pareja del mismo sexo su falta de especificidad? Las normas legales en materia de familia se crearon pensando en la conformación tradicional del grupo familiar. La propuesta en esta investigación es abordar la relación entre el Derecho y la familia, el impacto social que genera y prepararnos para los cambios que hoy y en un futuro no muy lejano seguiremos encontrando.

 

AbstractThis article of reflection analyzes the family category, present new forms of structure of his dynamics fruit of the access of the woman to the work, labor competition, equality of kind, mother solterismo, for the Internet, children raised by his grandparents, women head of household, parents who recover labors in the home, for indicating some. The changes of the familia in this century, it leaves more questions that answers: what will happen with the traditional roles of masculinity, maternity and paternity? How there will face the “son” of a pair of the same sex his lack of specificity? The legal procedure as for family were created thinking about the traditional conformation of the familiar group. The offer in this investigation is to approach the relation between the right and the family, the social impact that it generates and to prepare ourselves for the changes that today and in a not very distant future we will continue finding.
Uma tradução para o Agathos grego
Authors: Souza Jorge Luiz Lima de
Published: April 2020

Guiado pela investigação lógica e buscando sistematicamente denunciar e desfazer anacronismos, este discreto estudo questiona a tradução mais recorrente do verbete grego agathos, isto é, “Bom/Bem”, e, confirmando sua limitação e, em alguns casos, sua total inaplicabilidade, propõe “sentir-se bem” como tradução correta. De fato, uma vez testada a nova semântica nos textos aqui estudados, confirmou-se ser ela a mais apropriada e verdadeira.
Eu, Filósofo da Educação?
Authors: Camargo Gustavo Schneider de
Published: April 2020

Ao enfrentar novos desafios de formação em uma subárea de estudo e pesquisa (Filosofia da Educação), busquei traçar a trajetória acadêmica daqueles autores/pesquisadores pertencentes à Filosofia da Educação. Minha trajetória acadêmica foi parâmetro para análise dos dados desta pesquisa. Coletei todos os trabalhos apresentados entre 2007 até 2017, das Reuniões Científicas Nacionais da Anped, GT17. Pesquisei a trajetória acadêmica dos autores destes trabalhos por meio do acesso ao currículo Lattes. Pude concluir que minha trajetória acadêmica não é tão errática como imaginava e que o estudo pode definir algumas premissas que podem ajudar a direcionar outros pesquisadores, envolvidos no tornarem-se filósofos da educação.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Yang Berbeda Terhadap Variasi Morfologi Ikan Komet (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Prabowo rahardjo Seto Sugianto , Izzah Nailul
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAKIkan komet (Carassius auratus) merupakan salah satu komoditas ikan hias yang digemari masyarakat karena keindahan dan pergerakan pada tubuhnya yang membuat masyarakat Indonesia tertarik terhadap ikan ini. Dengan semakin banyaknya masyarakat yang tertarik terhadap ikan ini maka diperlukan pembenihan ikam komet yang benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan alami dan pakan  buatan terhadap hatching rate (HR) dan survival rate (SR) serta morfologi ikan komet. Metode penelitian ini secara deskriptif dengan menggunakan 2 perlakuan pemberian pakan alami yaitu chlorella sp dengan daphnia sp dan pellet PF800. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan alami (chlorella sp+daphnia sp) dan pakan pellet PF800 berpengaruh terhadap hatching rate (HR), survival rate (SR) dan morfologi ikan komet. Perlakuan pemberian pakan pellet PF800 menunjukkan hasil terbaik yaitu hatching rate (HR) sebesar 93,98% ; survival rate (SR) sebesar 85,12%. Hal ini dikarenakan jumlah nilai gizi pada pakan alami dan pellet PF800 sangat baik untuk pertumbuhan larva ikan komet sedangkan pakan alami memberikan warna tubuh pada ikan komet paling cerah bila dibandingkan dengan pakan pellet PF800. Kata kunci : Ikan komet, pellet, chlorella, daphnia
Different Interests Explain Different Proposals: The Contestation of Indo-Pacific Cooperation Framework between ASEAN and the US
Authors: Yunanto Sri , Samhudi Galby Rifqi
Published: April 2020

The rise of China that goes along with strategic shifts around the Indian and the Pacific Ocean has started a new stage of major power contestation recently. ASEAN which acts as a host in Southeast Asia has certain stands to deal with the challenges and opportunities presented by the competition. On the other hand, the US Government with its global interests will never ever allow this region to fall into China’s influence. Simultaneously, both ASEAN and the US have the same approach in this situation to utilize the framework of Indo-Pacific cooperation that is definitively open to any explication in order to gain advantages resulted from the global interaction over the region. Nevertheless, their perceptions on the matter of defining the cooperative framework of Indo-Pacific are apparently diverse. Hence, this paper attempts to analyze the rationale of ASEAN and the US development of the Indo-Pacific cooperative concept based on their respective strategic assessment. This paper argues that the distinctive interests and insight of threats from ASEAN and the US toward the rise of China as well as major power contestation in the region are being the two main factors in their different perceptions on the concept of Indo-Pacific cooperative framework.
Comparison of Changes in Eye Findings of Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Birgül Ramazan , Turan Gökçe
Published: April 2020

Background: This study aimed to compare the presence of blepharitis with corneal thickness, refractive values and ocular axial length changes in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol (E2), refractive values with prolactin, refractions in horizontal and vertical meridians, ocular tension (OT) values, ocular axial length, central corneal thickness and the presence of blepharitis were evaluated in 142 premenopausal patients and 153 postmenopausal patients. Results: Statistically significant differences were found for the values for right eye OT (P < 0.001), left eye OT (P < 0.001) and presence of blepharitis in the premenopausal group (p<0.001). There appears to be no relationship between the decrease in corneal refractive values and increased corneal thickness or ocular axial length. However, the presence of blepharitis and increased OT values are related.Conclusions: Woman in postmenopausal period should be examined by ophthalmologist because of significant increase in blepharitis and OT.
Intravenous antibiotics for the treatments of cholangitis after Kasai operation in biliary atresia patients
Authors: Wang Pei , Li Dandan , Jiao Chunlei , Zhuansun Didi , He Ying , Feng Jiexiong
Published: April 2020

Objective: This is a single-center, retrospective study, to assess the experimental treatment of intravenous antibiotics for cholangitis after Kasai portoenterostomy (PKE) in biliary atresia (BA) patients.Methods: 153 cholangitis patients after PKE from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Based on the different kinds of antibiotics treatment, all patients were divided into 3 groups: Intravenous Cefoperazone Sodium Tazobactam Sodium (ICSTS) group, Intravenous Meropenem (IMP) group, Meropenem combined with Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) group, compared the tre atment effect among 3 groups.Results: The recurrent cholangitis rate of ICSTS group, IMP group and IVIG group is 28.9%,39.4%, 85.7% respectively. The IVIG group had higher temperature (T), white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) lever than ICSTS group and IMP group (P <0.05) before interference. The antifebrile rate had no significant difference among 3 groups after 3 days hospitalization, as we expected, the level of WBC, CRP, DBL was significant descend in each group, the level of ALT, AST, γ-GGT was obviously decline in IVIG group. After 3 months followed-up, IVIG group showed a recurrent rate of 82%, which was higher than ICSTS group and IMP group (P=0.013), the cholangitis frequency was significant higher in IVIG group than ICSTS group and IMP group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Personalized intravenous antibiotics to treat cholangitis considering recurrent episode, the severity of infection and liver function, may be a more appropriate treatment strategy.