bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Franz Kafka and Antisemitism: The Historical Context of Der Prozess
Authors: Löwy Michael
Published: October 2024

Franz Kafka’s novel The Trial (1915) is open to many interpretations. One aspect, however, which has not been taken sufficiently into account, is its relation to the antisemitic trials of his times, where Jews were accused of treason or ‘ritual murder’: the trials of Tisza (Austro-Hungary, 1882, in what is now Hungary), Dreyfus (France, 1894–9), Hilsner (Austro-Hungary, 1899–1900, in what is now the Czech Republic), and Beiliss (Imperial Russia, 1912–13, in what is now Ukraine). Kafka knew about them and made comments in his correspondence or diaries. This ‘Jewish moment’ is essential for the understanding of the novel. However, Joseph K. has no religious or ethnic identity: Kafka discovers in the Jewish experience the quintessential human experience of Injustice.
Education: an efficient tool to increase the willingness of children to consume farmed crickets in Madagascar
Authors: Rakotondrasoa J.F. , Ramiadantsoa T. , Becker L.J. , Ravelomanana A. , Van Itterbeeck J. , Hugel S. , Fisher B.L.
Published: October 2024

Insects are increasingly promoted as a sustainable protein alternative for human consumption. Yet consumers have shown varied levels of acceptance, especially in countries without a tradition of eating insects. Even in countries where people traditionally eat insects, farmed insects might be considered novel foods if they are not the same species locals traditionally consume. In this work, we measured acceptance of a farmed cricket (Gryllus madagascariensis) as food at eight primary schools in the central highlands of Madagascar, a country with a long tradition of eating insects but not this species. We evaluated the role of education as a strategy to increase acceptance of insects as food. We also assessed whether education interventions affect children’s willingness to try cricket-based products, comparing three five-minute education interventions : historical overview of entomophagy in Madagascar, nutritional benefits of consuming insects, and preparation of cricket-based meals. Out of the 483 children, 73% had consumed insects in the past. The percentage of children willing to eat novel farmed crickets in school meals jumped from 16% before the education sessions to 87% after the education sessions. Education based on preparation of cricket-based meals was the most effective, as 86% of the reluctant children changed their minds. Finally, we found strong evidence that males were more willing to try insects than females before and after education. Our results are in line with past studies, and underscore the importance of education in promoting insect consumption. The drastic increase in the proportion of children willing to try insects suggests that barriers to consuming farmed insects are low in countries with a tradition of insect consumption and can be overcome through education. Our study supports the acceptability of novel farmed insects as an alternative protein solution to combat malnutrition in children in developing countries like Madagascar.
A review of Plateros Bourgeois, 1879 (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from southeastern China, with descriptions of six new species from the Nanling Mountains
Authors: FANG CHEN , YANG YU-XIA , YANG XING-KE , LIU HAO-YU
Published: October 2024

We review the species of the lycid genus Plateros Bourgeois, 1879 from Southeast China in this study. Six new species are described, including P. flavihumeralis sp. nov., P. incurvusimimus sp. nov., P. dinghuensis sp. nov., P. gracilis sp. nov., P. nanlingensis sp. nov., and P. nigripennis sp. nov. P. laocaensis Kazantsev, 2011 is recorded to China for the first time. Five previously known species, including P. chinensis Waterhouse, 1879, P. planatus planatus Waterhouse, 1879, P. propinquus (Waterhouse, 1879), P. incurvus (Bocáková, 1997) and P. laocaensis are illustrated with macrophotographs of habitus and aedeagi to make comparison with new species. In addition, a distribution map and a key to species of Plateros from Southeast China are provided.
Establishment of two species groups of Ichthyurus Westwood (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), with description of two new species from China and Vietnam
Authors: LIN HAN-QING , LIU HAO-YU , YANG XING-KE , YANG YU-XIA
Published: October 2024

Two species groups of the genus Ichthyurus Westwood, 1848 in the Oriental Region are proposed based on the anatomical comparison. One is the I. vandepolli species group, which is composed of two species, namely I. vandepolli Gestro, 1892 and I. opacus Gestro, 1906 (newly recorded to China). The other is the I. bourgeoisi species group, consisting of four species, including I. bourgeoisi Gestro, 1892, I. savioi Pic, 1928, I. niger sp. nov. (Vietnam, Vinh Phue) and I. bilineatimimus sp. nov. (China, Yunnan). The above species are illustrated with habitus and genital segments of both sexes, prothoracic leg and aedeagus of the male and internal genitalia of the female. A key for identification and distribution maps of these species are provided.
Four new species of Agraphydrus Régimbart (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae), with additional faunistic records for China
Authors: JIA FENG-LONG , YANG ZHEN-MING
Published: October 2024

Four new species of Agraphydrus Régimbart are described from China: Agraphydrus danxiaensis sp. nov. from Guangdong, A. mutatus sp. nov. from Jiangxi, and A. xieweicaii sp. nov. and A. zhangyouxiangi sp. nov. from Hunan. Three species are recorded for the first time from China: A. biprojectus Minoshima, Komarek & Ôhara, 2015, A. nepalensis Komarek, 2018, and A. nemorosus Komarek, 2019. Additional faunistic data are provided for the following Chinese species: A. anhuianus (Hebauer, 2000), A. audax Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. calvus Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. cantonensis Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. chinensis Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. confusus Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. contractus Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. fasciatus Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. fikaceki Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. globipenis Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. gracilipalpis Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. igneus Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. robustus Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. umbrosus Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, A. variabilis Komarek & Hebauer, 2018, and A. yunnanensis Komarek & Hebauer, 2018. A new colouration form of A. yunnanensis is described. An updated list of Agraphydrus species occurring in China is provided.
Four new species of Enochrus Thomson (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from southern China
Authors: MAI ZU-QI , JIA FENG-LONG
Published: October 2024

Four new species of the water scavenger beetle genus Enochrus Thomson, 1859 are described from China. Among the new species, Enochrus hani sp. nov. from Yunnan and E. tathagatus sp. nov. from Xizang are very similar to E. laoticus Hebauer, 2005 and E. niisatoi Minoshima, 2017 in aedeagus and external morphology. E. imprimedius sp. nov. from Guizhou is similar to E. liangi Jia & Zhao, 2007 and E. japonicus sharp, 1873 in general form and colour. E. strangulatus sp. nov. from Guangxi is similar to E. laoticus Hebauer, 2005, but elytra with five longitudinal rows of punctures and a marginal series. Species diagnoses, illustrations and a distribution map of the new species are provided.
Three new species of Melolontha Fabricius from southern China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)
Authors: WANG FA-LEI
Published: October 2024

Three new species of the M. aeneicollis species group of the genus Melolontha Fabricius, 1775 are described from southern China: M. jianbini sp. nov. from Gutian County, Fujian province; M. tianlongi sp. nov. from Suichuan County, Jiangxi province; and M. xui sp. nov. from Yangshan County, Guangdong province. A key to the species of the M. aeneicollis species group is also provided.
Taxonomic study of the genus Hesperus Fauvel (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Philonthina) from Nanling Priority Area for Biodiversity Conservation, China, with description of two new species
Authors: CAI YU-JIE , TANG LIANG
Published: October 2024

A taxonomic study of the genus Hesperus Fauvel 1874 from Nanling Priority Area for Biodiversity Conservation, China is presented. Two new species of Hesperus are described: H. baimingi sp. nov. (Hunan) and H. nanlingensis sp. nov. (Guangdong, Guangxi). Habitus and diagnostic characters of all mentioned species are photographed and illustrated. A key to species of Hesperus from Nanling Priority Area for Biodiversity Conservation is provided.
Overcoming Linnean and Wallacean shortfall in a biodiversity hotspot—a taxonomic study of Tribasodites Jeannel and allied genera (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Nanling Mountain Area, China
Authors: ZHANG WEN-XUAN , YIN ZI-WEI
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the result of a taxonomic study of the genus Tribasodites Jeannel and related genera (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Batrisitae) from Nanling Mountain Area, with 55 species placed in 10 genera being recognized. Forty-one species are described as new, with illustrations of the habitus and diagnostic characters for reliable identifications: Anama angulata sp. nov., Anama horridula sp. nov., Anama reticulata sp. nov., Araneibatrus breviceps sp. nov., Araneibatrus gigas sp. nov., Araneibatrus leigong sp. nov., Araneibatrus maoermontis sp. nov., Batrisodes amphion sp. nov., Batrisodes breviventris sp. nov., Batrisodes capreolus sp. nov., Batrisodes latilobus sp. nov., Batrisodes microceps sp. nov., Batrisodes shun sp. nov., Batrisodes streptoaedeagus sp. nov., Batrisodes titanius sp. nov., Batrisodes tribasoditiformis sp. nov., Coryphomodes jiangxiensis sp. nov., Coryphomodes parvipunctatus sp. nov., Coryphomodes simplex sp. nov., Hypochraeus complanatus sp. nov., Hypochraeus robustus sp. nov., Intestinarius guangxiensis sp. nov., Intestinarius paralongiceps sp. nov., Tribasodites barbipes sp. nov., Tribasodites cavipes sp. nov., Tribasodites clavatus sp. nov., Tribasodites corniceps sp. nov., Tribasodites fortunatus sp. nov., Tribasodites furca sp. nov., Tribasodites jiulianmontis sp. nov., Tribasodites jiuwanmontis sp. nov., Tribasodites loki sp. nov., Tribasodites longipes sp. nov., Tribasodites mangshanensis sp. nov., Tribasodites paraspinatus sp. nov., Tribasodites pengi sp. nov., Tribasodites ruyuanensis sp. nov., Tribasodites spinatus sp. nov., Tribasodites turgipes sp. nov., Tribasodites xinningensis sp. nov., and Tribasodites yangi sp. nov. Tribasodites chinensis (Yin, Zhao & Li, 2010) comb. nov. is transferred from Tribasodes. Anama Newton & Chandler and Hypochraeus Raffray are newly recorded from China. New provincial records and additional collecting data are provided for Batrisodes bamian Yin, Shen & Li, Batrisodes grossus Jiang & Yin, Dendrolasiophilus wenhsini Yin & Li, Intestinarius guangdongensis Yin & Li, Intestinarius longiceps Yin & Li, Tribasodites chinensis, and Tribasodites hubeiensis Yin, Nomura & Li. Keys for identification of the genera and species are presented. A checklist of Batrisini from Nanling Mountain Area is provided, for a total of 64 species.
Review of the genus Ceropria Laporte & Brullé, 1831 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Diaperinae) from China
Authors: SONG JIAN , BAI XING-LONG , REN GUO-DONG
Published: October 2024

The Chinese species of the genus Ceropria Laporte & Brullé, 1831 are reviewed. Twenty-one species are recognized in this study, including two new species: C. cyanecula sp. nov. (Guangxi, Guizhou), and C. viridis sp. nov. (Xizang), and four newly recorded species: C. erythrocnema Laporte & Brullé, 1831 (Yunnan), C. jaegeri Masumoto, 1995 (Xizang, Yunnan), C. merkli Masumoto, 1995 (Yunnan), and C. umbrata (Marseul, 1876) (Shaanxi). Characters of the above mentioned six species are illustrated. All Chinese species of the genus are listed and keyed, and images of the adults are presented.
Two new species of the genus Laena Dejean (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Lagriinae) from southern China
Authors: WEI ZHONG-HUA , REN GUO-DONG
Published: October 2024

Two new species of the genus Laena Dejean, 1821 from southern China were described and illustrated: Laena nana sp. nov. from Nanling Nature Reserve of Guangdong and L. dayaoshanensis sp. nov. from Dayaoshan Nature Reserve of Guangxi. A key to Laena species from Guangdong and Guangxi, China, is given.
Diversity of flea beetles from the Nanling Mountains, China, with description of three new species of Minota Kutschera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: ZHANG MENG-NA , RUAN YONG-YING , LIANG ZU-LONG , YANG XING-KE , CHEN XIAO-QIN , PENG YING-YING , XIE QI , MENG ZI-YE
Published: October 2024

The Nanling Mountains is one of the sixteen biodiversity hotspots in China. It divides the central and southern regions of the country. This paper documents the diversity of flea beetles in the Nanling Mountains based on a comprehensive insect biodiversity survey from 2020 to 2022. Three new species of the genus Minota Kutschera, 1859 viz. M. cuiae Zhang, Ruan, Liang & Yang sp. nov. (Guangxi), M. maoer Zhang, Ruan, Liang & Yang sp. nov. (Guangxi), and M. bimaculata Zhang, Ruan, Liang & Yang sp. nov. (Jiangxi) from the Nanling Mountains are described and illustrated. A checklist and key to the Chinese Minota species are provided.
Revision of the subgenus Orientostichus Sciaky & Allegro in Southeast China, with descriptions of seven new species of the Pterostichus prattii Bates species group (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichini)
Authors: YIN WEN-QI , CHEN JIA-HENG , SHI HONG-LIANG
Published: October 2024

The subgenus Orientostichus Sciaky & Allegro, 2013 from Southeast China is reviewed. A total of eleven species were recognized from this area, all belonging to the Pterostichus prattii Bates, 1890 species group. They are mainly differentiated by the characters of pronotum basal foveae, elytral microsculpture, male sexual modification on sternite VII, and endophallus of male genitalia. Seven new species are described: Pterostichus (Orientostichus) sinuosus sp. nov. (type locality: Guangfuding, Guangxi), P. (O.) shan sp. nov. (Nanling, Guangdong), P. (O.) luoxiaoensis sp. nov. (Qiyunshan, Hunan), P. (O.) separatus sp. nov. (Tianmu Mt., Zhejiang), P. (O.) skanda sp. nov. (Tianmu Mt., Zhejiang), P. (O.) fujianensis sp. nov. (Luoboding, Fujian), P. (O.) deliquus sp. nov. (Ziyundong mt., Fujian). P. (O.) matalini Fedorenko, 2023 is newly recorded from China (Jian’ou, Fujian).
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Meat Hygiene Among Butchers in Abattoirs and Meat Markets in Wadi Salih Garsila, Central Darfur - Sudan
Authors: Abduelrahmana Mudathir , Adama Saber , Ahmed Abdelkareem , Eltahir Hamza
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to meat hygiene among butchers and meat workers in abattoirs and markets in Garsila. A total of one hundred structured questionnaires were used to collect data on participants' knowledge and practices regarding meat hygiene, and data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. The results showed that all butchers (100%) in this study were male, with 27% aged between 36 and 45 years. Less than half (41%) of the butchers were older than 46. Additionally, 90% of butchers were married, while 10% were single. The study found that 46% had less than 10 years of work experience, while 24% had 11 to 20 years of experience. Notably, 90% of butchers were uneducated, with only 1% holding a university degree. Furthermore, 99% believed regular handwashing can reduce the risk of meat contamination, and 84% thought using appropriate gloves could minimize contamination. However, 20% believed that freezing meat is not important for preservation. There was unanimous agreement among all butchers that wearing clean personal protective equipment improves meat hygiene. In conclusion, the study indicates moderate awareness regarding meat hygiene among butchers and meat workers in Wadi Salih Garsila.
Estimating Risk of Debt Instruments Using the CreditMetricsTM Method: On the Example of JSCMB ‘Ipoteka-Bank’, Uzbekistan
Authors: Mirrakhimzhonovna Mirzayeva , Ugli Zokirzhonov
Published: October 2024

In the article, credit risk assessment metric of a debt financial instrument, in particular a corporate Eurobond, is studied within the framework of the relevance of risk assessment in the financial sector due to the dangers and complexities of time. Joint-Stock Commercial Mortgage Bank ‘Ipoteka-Bank’, operating in the banking sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is considered one of the important links of the financial sector of the Republic, was selected as the object of analysis. As input data for the analysis, statistical data of the bank provided in its official web-site’s open sources, in particular, data on Eurobonds issued and placed by the bank in London Stock Exchange, are used. At the same time, one of the advantages of the research is the described and disclosed in details and widely used global benchmarking data, published by Standard&Poor's rating agency, as part of the methodology requirement. According to the methodology, credit risk assessment analysis was performed following a strict and detailed calculation algorithm for debt instrument risk assessment. The calculation of credit risk assessment of one debt instrument, especially the Eurobond, according to this procedure followed with the authors’ discussion, conclusion and recommendation is also reflected in the article.
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Nurfeta Rediet , Ababiya Tsion , Woldeamanuele Nebiyou , Ababiya Robel , Deregasso Bezaye , Tema Lijalem , Hailu Selamawit , Shane Dereje , Teka Bemnet , Lechebo Tsion , Gidey Saron , Kebede Eleni
Published: October 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, with treatment success rates consistently below the WHO target. Various factors contribute to poor treatment outcomes. Objective: To assess treatment outcomes for TB and associated factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) from 2017 to 2021. Methods: An institutional-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using TB logbook data. After bivariable analysis, clinically relevant variables and variables with a p-value < 0.2 were included in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. Results: The overall successful treatment outcome (cured or completed) was 197 (83.1%). Factors significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes included age group 35 to 44 years (AOR=4.663; 95% CI: 1.215-17.901), extrapulmonary TB (AOR=3.451; 95% CI: 1.172-10.16), and registration in 2019 (AOR=4.367; 95% CI: 1.2-15.87). Conclusion: The treatment success rate falls short of the national target of 85%, highlighting the need for targeted improvements in TB management. The associations with age and extrapulmonary TB emphasize the necessity for focused control measures. Strengthening targeted TB programs at ZMH is recommended.
Does Early Childhood Education Matter on Reading Achievement Among Arab Countries
Authors: Soudani Kaouther
Published: October 2024

Our research focuses on the impact of Early Childhood Education (ECE) in the reading achievement of pupils in primary schools in MENA countries. The study employed the international data from PIRLS 2016 to identify the effect of early literacy practices on later reading attainment. Leveraging data from the 2016 Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, we utilize ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and quantile regression to estimate education production functions for each country individually. This approach enables us to assess how coefficients on explanatory variables vary across the spectrum of test scores. The results show that in MENA countries, early childhood education, which develops pupils’ skills acquisition before formal schooling, improves their reading performance. In sum, The Early childhood education effect can be reinforced through government policy and family background. In addition, we recommend a universal access to early childhood education., concentration of early childhood services in the private sector makes the programs confined only to wealthy people who can afford them, especially people living in urban cities and improve the quality of early education by implementing appropriate curricula and modern teaching.
Capacity Building and Organisational Performance in Local Government Context, Kasese District, Uganda
Authors: Kaheeru Rosemary , Nimusima Pereez , Rwambale Kadhiri , Ahabyoona Faith , Amanyire Agnes
Published: October 2024

Service sector is predominantly increasing in modern economic system raising prominence of staff competences in achievement of corporate goals. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between capacity building and organizational performance in local government context, Kasese district, Uganda. Mixed methods research design was used guided by both objective and subjective assumptions to achieve the research objectives. Data was collected at one point in time from Kasese district employees working in different departments including; Finance, Human resource, engineering, health, education and sports, natural resources and community based. 80 respondents were seen to be representative in study considering the Kabale district local government Human Resource Manual (2021) where the district had a total number of 100 employees. Apparently out of 80 questionnaires distributed only 65 were returned well filled making an acceptable response rate of 81.25%. Stratified and simple random sampling approaches guided this whole process in ensuring that every staff members had equal chances of participation. Questionnaire and interview guide was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Study findings confirmed a positive and significant relationship between capacity building and Organizational Performance at Kasese district. Specifically, results reveal that conducting Induction training (Beta= .657, P<.01) is a significant influencer of performance; on the job training programs (Beta = .175, P<01) impact on organisational performance; and off the job training (Beta= .682, P > 01) significantly predict organisational performance. One key recommendation drawn from this study, linked to human capital theory is that institutional managers should prioritize individual employee learning and earmark resources that sufficiently caters for knowledge and skills enhancement.
A Study on Travel Motivation, Attitude, and Travel Intention of the Tourists Visiting Chandragiri Hills
Authors: Dhungana Sushrut , Sharma Samik
Published: October 2024

This research aims to explore the relationship between travel motivation, tourists’ attitudes, and travel intention, with a specific focus on Chandragiri Hills a new destination that has attracted many domestic and international tourists, since its inception in 2016. Yet the academic research of its tourism dynamics remains limited. Utilizing a descriptive survey questionnaire, data were collected from 450 tourists to analyze the construct of travel motivation, attitude towards the destination, and travel intention. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed altogether 30 measurement items regarding travel motivation, attitude, and travel intention. The data were analyzed using the theory of planned behaviour. The findings of the study revealed that motivation significantly influences both tourist's attitude and their travel intention. Novelty-seeking, relaxation, and social interaction are the chief push factors contributing to positive attitudes towards the destination. The findings have meaningful implications for tourism marketing strategies, whereby such motivational factors come to the centre to develop the attractiveness of Chandragiri Hills and improve tourism management practices. The result contributes to a greater understanding of tourist behavior in emerging destinations and provides insight into how effective planning and management could work within the tourism sector.
Development of an Evaluation Method for Precipitation Particle Types by Using Disdrometer Data
Authors: Kondo Makoto , Sato Yousuke , Katsuyama Yuta , Inatsu Masaru
Published: October 2024

A method for evaluating precipitation particle types from the size–fall velocity data observed by disdrometers by combining an expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm and a self-organizing map (SOM) was developed. An EM algorithm was used to estimate the particle size–fall velocity relationships according to previous work, and the SOM map was used to classify the relationships into graupel or snow categories. The method was applied for snowfall data observed by the volume scanning video disdrometer at a site in Sapporo, Japan, and the daily graupel-to-solid precipitation ratio (G/S ratio) from 1 December 2017 to 28 February 2018 was obtained. The sensitivity of the results to different SOM configurations, SOM node groupings, and training datasets was also tested. The G/S ratio obtained from the simulation data of a meteorological model was compared as an example of the application of the product created by the new method.

Significance Statement

A method using machine learning for evaluating the precipitation particle types from size and fall velocity data observed by a disdrometer was developed. This method was applied to classify data observed in Sapporo, Japan, in a single winter into graupel and snow, and the daily graupel-to-solid precipitation ratio was obtained. The daily graupel-to-solid precipitation ratio was compared with that simulated by a meteorological model as an example of the application of disdrometer data.
A Categorical Framework of Ethical Leadership for Public Organizations: Testing a Multi-Dimensional Model of Local Government Managers
Authors: Reddick Christopher G. , Demir Tansu , Perlman Bruce J.
Published: October 2024

Organizational managers serve as ethical role models in their capacity as leaders. Mainstream research on ethics leadership is multidisciplinary, although empirical research is dominated by business administration and psychology scholars with less empirical work in public administration. This article develops and tests a categorical framework for ethical leadership behavior by applying it to data from a national survey of Chief Administrative Officers (CAO) of local governments in the United States. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) is used to test six dimensions of ethical leadership behavior and support is found for the model. This research is novel, since it extends the ethical leadership research in business administration and psychology to local government managers and by extension to public managers in general.
Prediction and policy: Do empirical gross calorific value prediction help reduce coal testing overload?
Authors: Sadangi Saroj K , Pradhan Rudra P
Published: October 2024

The gross calorific value (GCV) of coal is pivotal in shaping policies across various sectors of the Indian economy. It plays a crucial role in classification and valuation of coal and is a major factor in determining electricity tariffs charged by thermal power plants. With coal production escalating year-on-year to meet India's increasing electricity demand, there is significant rise in coal testing activities along the pit-to-power supply chain at multiple points and by multiple testing agencies often driven by sector-specific policy requirements. While laboratory testing accurately determines GCV, it is costly and time-consuming due to the reliance on expensive equipment and skilled personnel. Global researchers have previously devised a plethora of empirical formulae predicting GCV based on its correlations with easy-to-measure properties like moisture and ash content. However, the applicability and utility of these formulae to the prevalent policy matrix of coal and power sector remain to be explored. The introduction of independent third-party assessment of coal quality by Coal India Limited in 2016 has generated a vast dataset of coal sample-test results, offering an opportunity to reassess existing empirical formulae, test their alignment with existing policies, and explore possibility of a unified, region-neutral formula for rapid GCV prediction with a special focus on alleviating the current overload in coal testing.
Center-based childcare during infancy: The relations with functional brain networks and self-regulation in young children
Authors: Hofstee Marissa , Fukkink Ruben G. , Endendijk Joyce , Huijding Jorg , van der Velde Bauke , Deković Maja
Published: October 2024

Given the substantial increase in children attending center-based childcare over the past decades, the consequences of center-based childcare for children’s development have gained more attention in developmental research. However, the relation between center-based childcare and children’s neurocognitive development remains relatively underexplored. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the relations between quantity of center-based childcare during infancy and the neurocognitive development (both functional brain networks and self-regulation) of 584 Dutch children. Small-world brain networks and children’s self-regulation were assessed during infancy (around 10 months of age) and the preschool period (2–6 years of age). The findings revealed that the quantity of center-based childcare during infancy was unrelated to individual differences in children’s functional brain networks. However, spending more hours per week in center-based childcare was positively related to the development of self-regulation in preschool age children, regardless of children’s sex or the levels of exposure to risk and maternal support in the home environment. More insight into the positive effects of center-based childcare on children’s development from infancy to toddlerhood can help to increase our insight into a better work–life balance and labor force participation of parents with young children. Moreover, this study highlights that Dutch center-based childcare offers opportunities to invest in positive child outcomes in children, including self-regulation.
Citreoviridin induces apoptosis through oxidative damage and inflammatory response in PC-12 cells
Authors: Yang Jing , Lu Jiaojiao , Cao Luoyuan , Dong Wenxu , Zheng Xian , Fu Xianguo
Published: October 2024

Citreoviridin (CIT) is a mycotoxin produced by various fungi. Although CIT has been reported to cause neurotoxicity, the molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of CIT in neurotoxicity. Different concentrations of CIT were treated to rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12 cells), and oxidative stress parameters, cytokine levels, and cell apoptosis were evaluated. CIT treatment (5 and 10 μM) significantly induced PC-12 cell apoptosis and increased lactate dehydrogenase activity. Additionally, CIT treatment induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by a significant increase in intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase and a decrease in glutathione activity. Moreover, CIT treatment induced an inflammatory response, as evidenced by a significant increase in the intracellular levels of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1-beta in PC-12 cells. Furthermore, quantitative PCR and western blotting showed that CIT treatment increased both the protein and mRNA expression of GADD45α and p21 in PC-12 cells, suggesting that CIT may induce apoptosis by inhibiting cell cycle, blocking cell growth, and damaging DNA. Conclusively, this study contributes the understanding the toxicity mechanisms of CIT to nerve cells.
Building an Operations Management Department from Nowhere to Here (1996–2023): Lessons Learned
Authors: Sethi Suresh P
Published: October 2024

This article describes the rapid upward march to research excellence of the Operations Management Department in the Naveen Jindal School of Management from 1996 to 2023. It reflects along the way on the internal strategy, as well as the institutional and external contributing factors that led to its phenomenal growth.
Multimodal Feedback to Improve Performance of Order Picker Truck Drivers Using a Virtual Reality Simulator
Authors: Islam Md Shafiqul , Hsing Hsiang-Wen , Kim Sunwook , Lau Nathan , Nussbaum Maury , Lim Sol
Published: October 2024

VR technology presents exciting prospects for immersive forklift training environments. VR facilitates hands-on learning without the risks of real world errors. Real-time multimodal feedback (such as visual and haptic) is an effective way to enhance learning outcomes and skill acquisition. However, the efficacy and usability of real-time multimodal feedback provided for VR-based forklift driving needs to be investigated, as its impact on training outcomes remains unexplored. We aim to understand how various feedback modalities influence task performance, perceived workload, and user preferences. Fifteen (3 female, 12 male) individuals participated and completed VR-based forklift driving tasks with four feedback conditions (No feedback, visual, haptic, combined visual and haptic). A significant main effect of Feedback was found for completion time. Mental demand and frustration were affected by the Sex and Feedback interaction. These differences in the perception of feedback modalities underscore the importance of considering diverse user demographics when designing feedback systems.
Exploring Longitudinal Physiological Monitoring: Insights From Utilizing a Commercial Wearable Device Among Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Gleaton Emily , Parcell Emily , Erickson Jenny , Fain W. Bradley
Published: October 2024

Commercial wearable technologies are becoming increasingly prevalent and offer the potential for monitoring physiological changes over time, particularly in older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). While literature suggests the utility of such devices, little evidence exists of their successful deployment among people with MCI. This feasibility study aimed to establish research guidelines, optimize participant training, and identify data collection challenges when collecting longitudinal physiological data using the Oura Ring. Our results indicated that adequate researcher support was crucial for study success and participant engagement. This involves including care partners of participants with MCI and providing appropriate technological training to participants. Care partner support reduced device troubleshooting instances and emotionally encouraged participants with MCI. Lastly, maintaining regular researcher-participant communication fostered rapport and ensured ongoing participant consent and data quality. This research lays the groundwork for future health monitoring studies by emphasizing the importance of tailored support, communication, and researcher involvement.
Exploring the Influence of Interactive and Empathetic Chatbots on Health Misinformation Correction and Vaccination Intentions
Authors: Gong Ziyang , Su Leona Yi-Fan
Published: October 2024

Chatbots are increasingly used to correct health misinformation. However, few studies have investigated whether and how certain design features could enhance their effectiveness. We developed four chatbots and conducted an experiment that examined whether chatbots with interactive and empathetic conversational cues could outperform a basic chatbot at correcting unvaccinated participants’ COVID-19 vaccination misperceptions and increasing their vaccination intentions. Perceived chatbot interactivity was associated with lower levels of misperception, which in turn were linked to greater vaccination intention. Perceived chatbot empathy did not reduce misperception, yet was directly and positively associated with vaccination intention. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Phenotyping in vivo chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis by combined 11C-PBR28 MR-PET and 7T susceptibility-weighted imaging
Authors: Treaba Constantina A , Herranz Elena , Barletta Valeria T , Mehndiratta Ambica , Sloane Jacob A , Granberg Tobias , Miscioscia Alessandro , Bomprezzi Roberto , Loggia Marco L , Mainero Caterina
Published: October 2024

Background:

11C-PBR28 positron emission tomography (PET), targeting the translocator protein, and paramagnetic rim lesions (PRL) have emerged as promising imaging markers of MS chronic inflammation. No consensus on which is the optimal marker exists.

Objectives:

To investigate the ability of 11C-PBR28 PET and PRL assessment to identify chronic inflammation in white matter (WM) MS lesions and their relation to neurological impairment.

Methods:

Based on 11C-PBR28 uptake, brain WM lesions from 30 MS patients were classified as PET active or inactive. The PRL presence was assessed on 7T phase reconstructions, T1/T2 ratio was calculated to measure WM microstructural integrity.

Results:

Less than half (44%) of non-PRL WM lesions were active on 11C-PBR28 imaging either throughout the lesion (whole active) or at its periphery. PET peripherally active lesions and PRL did not differ in T1/T2 ratio and 11C-PBR28 uptake. A positive correlation was observed between PRL and active PET lesion count. Whole active PET lesion volume was the strongest predictor (β = 0.97, p < 0.001) of increased Expanded Disability Status Scale scores.

Conclusion:

11C-PBR28 imaging reveals more active WM lesions than 7T PRL assessment. Although PRL and PET active lesion counts are related, neurological disability is better explained by PET whole active lesion volume.
Infrared (IR) imaging based comfort appraisal of wool, acrylic, and Thermolite® plaited gloves; Exploring socio-economic materials
Authors: Abbas Adeel , Anas Muhammad Sohaib , Awais Habib , Hussain Muzzamal , Underwood Jenny , Ashraf Waqas
Published: October 2024

Plaited jersey fabrics are always engineered to enhance the thermal conductivity characteristics, providing thermal equilibrium among the wearer and clothing during hot weather. These can also be architected with higher thermal resistance/heat insulation characteristics and is a crucial area of interest; however there isn’t any significant literature reporting this. The study focuses on developing plaited jersey gloves using Thermolite®, acrylic, and wool yarns in alternative main and plaiting configurations for winterwear. Thermal characterizations were conducted to ascertain heat and mass transfer properties, such as fluid transmission and thermal resistance. Infrared (IR) imaging visualized heat retention in terms of temperature gradients. Mechanical characteristics, such as pilling and bursting, were assessed to determine the gloves durability to physical abrasions and stresses. Thermolite® knitted gloves possessed superior heat and mass transfer properties with improved fluid transmission and thermal resistance. Infrared imaging revealed highest body temperature rise of 34.43oC for Thermolite® , and mechanical properties were also found adequate. Fluid transfer (air permeability) was acquired highest for wool samples (1770 mm/sec); however, Thermolite® exhibited 28% lower air permeability than wool, validating its heat retention. Thermolite® knits with the lowest areal density of 226 g/m2 and the smoothest Thermolite® surface had the highest OMMC (overall moisture management capacity) index of 0.46 due to generated capillaries. The statistical analysis of the characterization data indicated the significance ( p-value <0.05) of the main and plating yarns, proving the plaiting a solution to achieve desired heat and mass transfer characteristics.
Advance Care Planning of Patients Undergoing High-Risk Surgery: A Concept Analysis
Authors: Yamamoto Kanako , Suzuki Miho
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research was to clarify the concept of advance care planning (ACP) for patients undergoing high-risk surgery. The Walker & Avant’s approach to concept analysis was used. ACP for the patient who received a high-risk surgery was defined as follows: patients who are aware of the risks of surgery are initiated voluntarily with the need to participate in anticipatory decision-making. To do this, patients define their life-prolonging treatment, provided that appropriate treatment is guaranteed, and prepare for end-of-life care decisions through discussions involving healthcare providers and surrogate decision-makers. It is a continuous, patient-centered decision that allows the patient’s treatment goals to transition over time. The goal of the ACP is to focus on quality of life and care rather than determining end-of-life care. The development of this concept contributes to an assessment of the value of ACP support, which can lead to improved approaches to help patients recover in a short period.
User-Centered Design Strategies for Age-Friendly Mobile News Apps
Authors: Jiang Qianling , Deng Liyuan , Zhang Jie , Pengbo Yu
Published: October 2024

With the increasing elderly population, catering to the digital news needs of the elderly has become increasingly crucial. This study employs factor analysis to explore the requirements and challenges of elderly individuals when using mobile news applications, aiming to provide strategies and directions for age-friendly design of mobile news applications. The research first summarizes a series of key factors that influence elderly users when using mobile news applications, categorizing them into three primary factors: usability and navigation, visual presentation and readability, and interaction and touch controls. Further entropy weight analysis reveals that the usability and navigation factor holds the highest priority for improvement, followed by visual presentation and readability, and lastly, interaction and touch controls. Based on these findings, we propose a series of age-friendly design strategies, including rational interface layout, clear text and images, and user-friendly interaction controls. These strategies not only enhance the digital news experience for elderly users but also offer valuable guidance and innovation for the field of mobile application design.
A Winning Green Profile to Stay Ahead? Companies’ Green Value Chain Profiles Based on Competitive Advantage Attainment
Authors: Ong Jeen Wei , Guan Gan Goh Gerald , Lim WeiLee , Yong Sally Hui Siang
Published: October 2024

The world is entering an era of net zero carbon emissions, and companies are under pressure from their stakeholders to be environmentally friendly or green. While companies must engage in greener operations, they also need to juggle their financial performance. Companies need guides on allocating their limited resources to embed green practices and achieve competitive advantage. Academic studies, thus far, have overlooked this. This study aims to fill the gap by studying companies’ green value chain profiles with different competitive advantage attainments. The 207 companies that responded to the survey are classified into four clusters based on their level of competitive advantage: no competitive advantage (cluster 1), only efficiency advantage (cluster 2), only value advantage (cluster 3), and both efficiency and value advantage (cluster 4). The results of variance analysis showed significant differences in eight out of nine value chain activities across the clusters, except green marketing and sales. Companies with competitive advantages demonstrate greater commitment to green activities, especially those from the value advantage-only and both competitive advantage groups. Between them, they embed green initiatives in different value chain activities. Interestingly, green marketing and sales is the only activity with no significant difference among the four clusters of companies, yet they committed the highest green initiatives to this activity. While this study reaffirms the positive impact of companies’ commitment to green initiatives on achieving competitive advantage, companies need to carefully strategize their level of commitment to green initiatives based on the competitive advantage they pursue.
Relationship Between Alarm Fatigue and Stress Among Acute Care Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bani Hani Salam , Abu Aqoulah Emran A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Given the vital nature of their profession, ICU nurses endure significant psychological and physical stress. Burnout, low job satisfaction, and deteriorated patient care might result from the high-stress atmosphere.

Objectives

This study aims to assess the level of alarm fatigue and stress among nurses who work in acute care units.

Methods

A descriptive design was used to recruit nurses in acute care units. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the required data composed of three parts, namely demographical data; the alarm fatigue part, which was created by Torabizadeh et al. and composed of 13 items, and the perceived stress scale (PSS) which is a psychological diagnostic instrument created to assess how much people find their daily lives to be stressful. It was created by Cohen et al. and composed of 10 items.

Results

An average age of (35.3 ± 6.24) years, and an average number of years of experience of (7.63 ± 5.56), were found among the 128 nurses that were recruited. Acute care nurses had a significant degree of alarm fatigue, as indicated by the overall alarm fatigue score of ( M = 30.1 ±  SD = 7.47). A moderate degree of stress was also indicated by the overall perceived stress score, which was ( M = 21.5 ± 5.02). Among nurses, alarm fatigue and felt stress are not correlated with any demographic feature, including sex, educational attainment, marital status, and working location.

Conclusion

Stress and alarm fatigue are serious problems for acute care units that can jeopardize nurse and patient safety. The implementation of methods that mitigate alarm fatigue and stress, such as alarm customization, adequate staffing, and support systems, can enhance the work environment in acute care units. Healthcare companies can raise the grade of care provided to patients and enhance the general well-being and job satisfaction of their nursing staff by addressing these challenges.
Correlation models for next-generation amplitude and cumulative intensity measures using artificial neural networks
Authors: Aristeidou Savvinos , Shahnazaryan Davit , O’Reilly Gerard J
Published: October 2024

Various next-generation intensity measures (IMs) have emerged in recent years. For instance, filtered incremental velocity, FIV3, was shown to be efficient in predicting the collapse of structures, or average spectral acceleration, Saavg, shown to be well-correlated with a wide range of response, from initiation of structural damage yielding to structural collapse. Different ground motion models (GMMs) are available to predict the probabilistic distribution of these IMs, given a set of seismological parameters. Nonetheless, a few key correlation models are still missing in the literature, which are elemental for a more holistic approach to ground motion record selection. These models are vital when performing seismic hazard analysis and ground motion record selection using state-of-the-art approaches like the conditional spectrum or generalized conditional intensity measure (GCIM) methods. This study uses a single machine-learning-based generalized ground motion model (GGMM) to estimate all the IMs. The model is based on the Next-Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West2 database and was utilized to quantify the correlations between the residuals. Correlations were calculated for intra- and inter-event residuals, but only those for total residuals are presented here, given their utility. Since the calculation of residuals comes from the same GMM and the same database of ground motions, this produces more consistent correlation coefficients between all IMs. To facilitate the usage of these correlation coefficients, predictive models of the empirical data were developed using machine-learning-based techniques, namely artificial neural networks (ANNs). It was found that FIV3 is strongly correlated with Sa(~1 s) and itself across all periods and has a weak negative correlation with duration at short periods and near-zero correlation for longer periods. Also, a stronger negative correlation between Sa and significant duration was found, compared with other prominent existing models. Direct correlation models between Sa and Saavg are also proposed.