bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBATALAN PERKAWINAN AKIBAT PEMALSUAN IDENTITAS
Authors: Damanik Janner
Published: March 2022

Hasil penelitian mengenai pemalsuan identitas dilakukan oleh calon mempelai yaitu memalsukan identitas, memalsukan surat kematian dan menikah tanpa adanya ijin dari Pengadilan Agama dan persetujuan dari istri. Adapun mengenai bagaimana pertimbangan-pertimbangan hakim dalam mengabulkan Permohonan Pembatalan Perkawinan yaitu pelaksanaan perkawinan antara Salijo dengan Termohon menggunakan informasi atau keterangan palsu yaitu mengenai keadaan Pemohon yang telah meninggal dunia dan perkawinan tersebut tidak disertai persetujuan dari istri pertama serta ijin dari Pengadilan Agama. Penulis menyadari keterbatasan kemampuan penulis dalam menyelesaikan penulisan hukum ini. Namun, penulis berharap dengan apa yang penulis berikan dalam penulisan hukum ini dapat bermanfaat bagi diri pribadi penulis dan seluruh pembaca. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris, spesifikasi penelitian yaitu deskripsi analitis, pengumpulsn data diperoleh melalui data primer dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara bebas terpimpin, dan data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi pustaka, metode analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa terjadinya pemalsuan identitas dalam perkawinan terjadi karena adanya kartu identitas ganda yang dimiliki oleh Tergugat, selain itu adanya kelalaian dari pejabat berwenang yang membuat dokumen seperti kartu identitas, surat keterangan pindah dan kartu keluarga. Sedangkan Akibat hukum terhadap anak yang dilahirkan dalam perkawinan itu adalah tetap sah sebagai anak kandung dari suami isteri tersebut. Akibat hukum terhadap harta kekayaan perkawinan yaitu harta bersama adalah dianggap tidak pernah ada. Akibat hukum terhadap pihak ketiga adalah suami isteri tetap memiliki kewajiban untuk melakukan perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan terhadap pihak ketiga pada saat perkawinan meskipun perkawinan tersebut dibatalkan.
TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENANGGULANGAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 23 TAHUN 2004
Authors: Akbar Muhammad , Ginting M.Hendra Pratama
Published: March 2022

Dari hasil penelitian ini maka diperoleh beberapa faktor penyebab terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Dan tiga macam tindak pidana kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, yaitu kekerasan fisik, psikis dan seksual. Rumah tangga seharusnya menjadi tempat atau wadah berlindung bagi seluruh anggota keluarga. Akan tetapi realitanya, justru banyak rumah tangga menjadi tempat penderitaan dan penyiksaan, seperti adanya berbagai bentuk kekerasan fisik yang justru terjadi di rumah tangga termasuk pemerkosaan, pemukulan pada istri dan penyiksaan anak-anak (child abuse). Selain itu, kekerasan juga banyak dialami perempuan adalah bentuk pemukulan dan serangan non fisik (domestic violence). Untuk merumuskan suatu perbuatan kejahatan secara hukum, apabila memenuhi criteria Pertama, kejahatan adalah suatu tindakan yang disengaja. Kedua, kejahatan merupakan pelanggaran hukum pidana. Ketiga, tindak kejahatan itu dilakukan tanpa adanya suami pembelaan atau pembenaran yang diakui secara hukum. Keempat, pelaku diancam oleh Negara sebagai suatu kejahatan/ pelanggaran. Untuk itu diatur undang-undang yang mengatur perlindungan perempuan dalam Pasal 1 Undang-undang No. 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, bahwa yang dimaksud dengan perlindungan adalah segala upaya yang ditujukan untuk memberikan rasa aman kepada korban yang dilakukan oleh pihak keluarga, advokat, lembaga sosial, kepolisian, kejaksaan, pengadilan atau pihak lainnya baik sementara maupun berdasarkan penetapan pengadilan.
Set Invariant Means and Set Fixed Point Properties
Authors: AMİNİ NİA Moslem
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce a concept of fixed point property for a semigroup $S$ called $A$-fixed point property, where $A$ is a non-empty subset of $S$. Also, the relationship between $A$-amenability and $A$-fixed point property is investigated.
On Triple Difference Sequences of Real Numbers in Neutrosophic Normed Spaces
Authors: KİŞİ Ömer , GÜRDAL Verda
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is to investigate triple $\Delta $-statistical convergent sequences in a neutrosophic normed space (NNS). Also, we examine the notions of $\Delta $-statistical limit points and $\Delta $-statistical cluster points and prove their important features.
Density functional analysis of conducting molecules: A Theoretical Investigation via QTAIM approach
Authors: PALANİAPPAN Jayalakshmi , BALAKRİSHNAN Jothi , KARUPPANNAN Selvaraju , DAVİD STEPHEN Arputharaj
Published: March 2022

The assessment of quaterphenyl and quarter (1,4 dithiine) molecules joining the spatial dissemination of electron inside the framework, was finished using Density Functional analysis incorporated with LANL2DZ premise set joined with the Bader's AIM theory. All the examinations were carried out within growing electric field from 0.05–0.26VÅ−1. The chemical nature and the topological assessment of the nano wire were studied in detail by subjecting the same to external electric field to prove the possible commercial importance of the structure in the field of nanoelectronics. HOMO-LUMO assessment was made to choose the way in which the one-dimensional nanowires show conductivity. The I-V characteristic plot and ESP surface were generated to study the conducting nature of the nanowires.
Taming Anxieties, Coping with Mnemonic Conflicts: Cultural Diplomacy of Crimean Tatar and Lithuanian American Diasporas through Historical Films
Authors: BUHARİ GÜLMEZ Didem , BUDRYTĖ Dovilė
Published: March 2022

This study focuses on the cultural diplomacy of Crimean Tatar and Lithuanian American diasporas, who both suffered from deportation at the hands of the Soviets and are conducting anti-Russian diplomacy today. Historical films are useful in terms of showing how the diasporic communities seek to reconstruct a collective memory on a traumatic event and tame their anxieties of death, meaninglessness, and condemnation that constitute “unknown unknowns” by turning them into the fear of a “known unknown” through securitization. Therefore, this study aims to grasp the multiplicity of anxieties reflected upon the Crimean Tatar and Lithuanian diasporas’ recent historical films that demonstrate how diasporas’ varying anxieties translate into diverse strategies of political representation and mobilisation against Russia. It thus reconciles the scholarship on diaspora’s memory politics with anxiety/fear nexus in securitization theory.
The Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 on the Fashion Retail Industry
Authors: Jung-Hwan Kim
Published: March 2022

This paper addresses how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the short-term and long-term outlook on the fashion retail industry. Included are a review of secondary sources such as journals, papers, and articles and the results of two studies (i.e., consumer survey and industry interviews) conducted to recognize the changes seen now and in the future of the fashion retail industry. Combining an assessment of secondary reliable sources with actual consumer self-reported behavior during the pandemic and professional interviews with representatives from prominent retailers in the U.S. gives detailed and valuable ideas of how the industry is going to change in response to and in preparation for changing consumer attitudes and behavior.
Perspectives of Textile Waste Management in the U.S. – A Review
Authors: Mandal Sumit
Published: March 2022

In the last 30 years, global consumption of textile articles has increased significantly. Population increase along with the booming of fast fashion trends are facilitating the growth of global textile consumption. The current pandemic situation is raising the consumption of protective clothing. Such scenarios are diminishing the lifecycle of textile products significantly. Consequently, the world has observed a considerable increase in textile waste generation in recent years and is predicted to increase even more in the coming years due to the current consumption trends. Despite being highly recyclable, much of such wastes go into open dumps or landfills. The U.S. has also seen an increase in textile waste generation, and most of the wastes is landfilled. Disposing of such a huge waste stream can be identified as mismanagement due to its impact on the environment, society, and corresponding footprints. To counter the impact of the rising textile wastages, it is necessary to address sustainable approaches via a structured textile waste management system. This review aims to observe the textile waste scenarios based on the U.S.’s perspectives. An overall aspect of textile waste generation has been presented briefly while considering the current circumstances in the U.S. Current trends of textile waste management in the U.S. have been discussed while mentioning other available options in waste management. Lastly, this review has proposed some probable study directions that would facilitate establishing efficient textile waste management across the U.S.
Outpatient Hysteroscopy for the Management of Intrauterine Disorders: Feasibility, Effectiveness and Safety For 3000 Cases
Authors: Estadella Tarrie Josep
Published: March 2022

Study objective: To assess the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of outpatient hysteroscopies performed in an Office Hysteroscopy Unit. Design: Retrospective observational study of prospectively collected data in an office hysteroscopy unit database (Canadian Task Force II-2). The study was approved by our hospital’s ethical committee. Setting: Tertiary care university hospital. Patients: Included consecutively were 3000 patients who underwent outpatient hysteroscopy between May 2008 and October 2019. Interventions: Outpatient hysteroscopy was performed using a rigid 5-6 mm diameter device when indicated for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
Postponing Menopause and Lengthening Fertile Age for Women’s Good Health: A Potential Hope
Authors: Hegazy Abdelmonem Awad
Published: March 2022

Menopause is a critical age in a woman’s life when menstruation stops and is associated with loss of fertility. Deprivation of female hormones, especially estrogen, may be associated with some physical and psychological disorders that greatly affect the quality of life not only for women but also for men and all family members. Therefore, it is important to discuss the possibility of using cryopreservation to postpone menopause in order to alleviate the menopause-associated disorders and ensure better healthy lives for women and societies. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation has been used successfully to save the harvested ovary from damage that may result from chemotherapy or radiotherapy used to treat cancer cases. Therefore, we suggest cryopreservation of ovarian samples during reproductive age and re-implantation when needed to postpone the onset of menopause. This may save the resected ovarian tissue from degeneration or consumption that occurs naturally within the human body. This possibility can be verified by prospective studies in volunteers aimed at preserving the endocrine function of the ovaries for as long as possible.
Competición a ciegas de simulaciones numéricas de vigas de hormigón reforzado con fibras que fallan a cortante
Authors: Barros Joaquim , Sanz Beatriz , Kabele Petr , Yu Rena C. , Meschke Günther , Planas Jaime , Cunha Vitor , Caggiano Antonio , Ozyurt Nilüfer , Gouveria Ventura , Bos Ab Van den , Poveda Elisa , Gal Erez , Cervenka Jan , Neu Gerrit E. , Rossi Pierre , Dias-da-Costa Daniel , Juhasz Peter K. , Cendon David , Ruiz Gonzalo , Valente Tiago , Ruiz Gonzalo
Published: March 2022

La investigación experimental ha demostrado el extraordinario potencial de la adición de fibras cortas a los materiales cementiceos, ya que mejoran significativamente el comportamiento de estructuras de hormigón en los estados límite de servicio y último. Para la simulación del comportamiento no lineal del material en estructuras de hormigón reforzado con fibras se utilizan programas informáticos basados en el método de elementos finitos. Generalmente, las aproximaciones existentes se evalúan en simulaciones de ensayos experimentales de elementos estructurales a pequeña escala, donde los valores de los parámetros de las leyes constitutivas de los materiales se ajustan según el resultado deseado. La utilidad de esta técnica inversa para el diseño estructural es discutible. Precisamente, para evaluar el comportamiento predictivo de dicho enfoque, se organizó una competición a ciegas de simulaciones numéricas. Para ello, se ensayaron hasta rotura, a flexión en tres puntos asimétrica, dos vigas gemelas de hormigón reforzado con fibras de acero de sección en T, reforzadas longitu­di­nal­mente con barras de acero y sin cercos en el vano de cortante crítico. A pesar de proporcionar los datos experimentales para la definición de los parámetros mecánicos más relevantes, las simulaciones numéricas dieron resultados dispares en la capacidad de carga, la flecha y la deformación en carga máxima, con variaciones de hasta un 40%, 113% y 600% respectivamente. Además, se obtuvieron modos de fallo y resultados muy diferentes con el mismo programa comercial pero distinto par­ti­cipante, lo que manifiesta la necesidad de un análisis más profundo y de una mejor comprensión de los modelos numéricos y de la influencia de sus parámetros en su capacidad predictiva.
Comorbidity of Anxiety and Depression with Hypertension, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Selective Systematic Review from India
Authors: Rajan Sukanya , Krishna Archith , Muliyala Krishna Prasad , Chaturvedi Santosh Kumar
Published: March 2022

Context: Non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes) and comorbid common mental disorders are of public health concern because of their high morbidity and mortality rates. The authors undertook a systematic review of studies that reported the prevalence of common mental disorders among non-communicable diseases, specifically in India.

Evidence acquisition: Relevant databases (Medline, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and ProQuest) were searched until May 2021. Descriptive and observation studies from the mentioned databases were included.

Evidence synthesis: Of the total 6,515 studies, the electronic literature search identified 4,307 studies. Manual cross-referencing identified an additional 2,208 studies. Only 17 studies met the criteria and were included for the review.

Findings: Twelves studies focused on the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with diabetes, three studies focused on cardiovascular disease, two on non-communicable diseases, and one on the prevalence of depression in hypertension. The range of the prevalence of anxiety disorder and depression was 3.9–44% and 8–44%, respectively.

Conclusion: High prevalence of anxiety and depression is seen in people with diabetes, indicating these are of serious public health concerns in India.
Modeling Soil-Facing Interface Interaction With Continuum Element Methodology
Authors: Damians Ivan P. , Olivella Sebastià , Bathurst Richard J. , Lloret Antonio , Josa Alejandro
Published: March 2022

Soil-facing mechanical interactions play an important role in the behavior of earth-retaining walls. Generally, numerical analysis of earth-retaining structures requires the use of interface elements between dissimilar component materials to model soil–structure interactions and to capture the transfer of normal and shear stresses through these discontinuities. In finite element method software programs, soil–structure interactions can be modeled using “zero-thickness” interface elements between the soil and structural components. These elements use a strength/stiffness reduction factor that is applied to the soil adjacent to the interface. However, in some numerical codes where the zero-thickness elements (or other similar special interface elements) are not available, the use of continuum elements to model soil–structure interactions is the only option. The continuum element approach allows more control of the interface features (i.e., material strength and stiffness properties), as well as the element sizes and shapes at the interfaces. This article proposes parameter values for zero-thickness elements that will give the same numerical outcomes as those using continuum elements in finite element and finite difference commercial software. The numerical results show good agreement for the computed loads transferred from soil to structure using both methods (i.e., zero-thickness elements and continuum elements at interfaces). Both different interface modeling approaches can give very similar results using equivalent interface property values and demonstrate the influence of choice of numerical mesh size on the numerical outcomes when continuum elements are used at the interfaces.
A Fluorogenic Far Red-Emitting Molecular Viscometer for Ascertaining Lysosomal Stress in Live Cells and Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Silswal Akshay , Kanojiya Ashutosh , Koner Apurba Lal
Published: March 2022

The cellular physiochemical properties such as polarity, viscosity, and pH play a critical role in cellular homeostasis. The dynamic change of lysosomal viscosity in live cells associated with different environmental stress remains enigmatic and needs to be explored. We have developed a new class of Julolidine-based molecular viscometers with an extended π-conjugation to probe the lysosomal viscosity in live cells. High biocompatibility, pH tolerance, and the fluorogenic response with far red-emission (>600 nm) properties make these molecular viscometers suitable for live-cell fluorescence imaging in Caenorhabditis elegans. Among these probes, JIND-Mor is specifically designed to target lysosomes via simple modification. The real-time monitoring of lysosomal viscosity change under cellular stress was achieved. We believe that such a class of molecule viscometers has the potential to monitor lysosomal health in pathogenic conditions.
Predominant Bacterial and Viral Otopathogens Identified Within the Respiratory Tract and Middle Ear of Urban Australian Children Experiencing Otitis Media Are Diversely Distributed
Authors: Ngo Chinh C. , Massa Helen M. , McMonagle Brent A. , Perry Christopher F. , Nissen Michael D. , Sloots Theo P. , Thornton Ruth B. , Cripps Allan W.
Published: March 2022

Background

Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common infections in young children, arising from bacterial and/or viral infection of the middle ear. Globally, Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) are the predominant bacterial otopathogens. Importantly, common upper respiratory viruses are increasingly recognized contributors to the polymicrobial pathogenesis of OM. This study aimed to identify predominant bacteria and viruses in the nasopharynx, adenoids and middle ears of peri-urban/urban South-East Queensland Australian children, with and without clinical history of chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) and/or recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM).

Methods

Sixty children, 43 diagnosed with OM and 17 controls with no clinical history of OM from peri-urban/urban South-East Queensland community were recruited to the study. Respiratory tract bacterial and viral presence were examined within nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS), middle ear effusions (MEE) and adenoids, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and bacterial culture.

Results

At least one otopathogen present was observed in all adenoid samples, 86.1% and 82.4% of NPS for children with and without OM, respectively, and 47.1% of the MEE from the children with OM. NTHi was the most commonly detected bacteria in both the OM and control cohorts within the adenoids (90.0% vs 93.8%), nasopharynx (67.4% vs 58.8%) respectively, and in the MEE (OM cohort 25.9%). Viruses were detected in all adenoid samples, 67.4% vs 47.1% of the NPS from the OM and control cohorts, respectively, and 37% of the MEE. Rhinovirus was the predominant virus identified in the adenoids (85.0% vs 68.8%) and nasopharynx (37.2% vs 41.2%) from the OM and control cohorts, respectively, and the MEE (19.8%).

Conclusions

NTHi and rhinovirus are predominant otopathogens within the upper respiratory tract of children with and without OM from peri-urban and urban South-East Queensland, Australia. The presence of bacterial otopathogens within the middle ear is more predictive of concurrent URT infection than was observed for viruses, and the high otopathogen carriage within adenoid tissues confirms the complex polymicrobial environment in children, regardless of OM history.
Exploring Zebrafish Larvae as a COVID-19 Model: Probable Abortive SARS-CoV-2 Replication in the Swim Bladder
Authors: Laghi Valerio , Rezelj Veronica , Boucontet Laurent , Frétaud Maxence , Da Costa Bruno , Boudinot Pierre , Salinas Irene , Lutfalla Georges , Vignuzzi Marco , Levraud Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2022

Animal models are essential to understanding COVID-19 pathophysiology and for preclinical assessment of drugs and other therapeutic or prophylactic interventions. We explored the small, cheap, and transparent zebrafish larva as a potential host for SARS-CoV-2. Bath exposure, as well as microinjection in the coelom, pericardium, brain ventricle, or bloodstream, resulted in a rapid decrease of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wild-type larvae. However, when the virus was inoculated in the swim bladder, viral RNA stabilized after 24 h. By immunohistochemistry, epithelial cells containing SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein were observed in the swim bladder wall. Our data suggest an abortive infection of the swim bladder. In some animals, several variants of concern were also tested with no evidence of increased infectivity in our model. Low infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in zebrafish larvae was not due to the host type I interferon response, as comparable viral loads were detected in type I interferon-deficient animals. A mosaic overexpression of human ACE2 was not sufficient to increase SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in zebrafish embryos or in fish cells in vitro. In conclusion, wild-type zebrafish larvae appear mostly non-permissive to SARS-CoV-2, except in the swim bladder, an aerial organ sharing similarities with the mammalian lung.
Treatment With Multi-Species Probiotics Changes the Functions, Not the Composition of Gut Microbiota in Postmenopausal Women With Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Mariusz , Szulińska Monika , Łoniewski Igor , Kręgielska-Narożna Matylda , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Kosciolek Tomasz , Bezshapkin Valentyn , Bogdański Paweł
Published: March 2022

Probiotics are known to regulate host metabolism. In randomized controlled trial we aimed to assess whether interventions with probiotic containing following strains: Bifidobacterium bifidum W23, Bifidobacterium lactis W51, Bifidobacterium lactis W52, Lactobacillus acidophilus W37, Levilactobacillus brevis W63, Lacticaseibacillus casei W56, Ligilactobacillus salivarius W24, Lactococcus lactis W19, and Lactococcus lactis W58 affect gut microbiota to promote metabolic effects. By 16S rRNA sequencing we analyzed the fecal microbiota of 56 obese, postmenopausal women randomized into three groups: (1) probiotic dose 2.5 × 109 CFU/day (n = 18), (2) 1 × 1010 CFU/day (n = 18), or (3) placebo (n = 20). In the set of linear mixed-effects models, the interaction between pre- or post-treatment bacterial abundance and time on cardiometabolic parameters was significantly (FDR-adjusted) modified by type of intervention (26 and 19 three-way interactions for the pre-treatment and post-treatment abundance, respectively), indicating the modification of the bio-physiological role of microbiota by probiotics. For example, the unfavorable effects of Erysipelotrichi, Erysipelotrichales, and Erysipelotrichaceae on BMI might be reversed, but the beneficial effect of Betaproteobacteria on BMI was diminished by probiotic treatment. Proinflammatory effect of Bacteroidaceae was alleviated by probiotic administration. However, probiotics did not affect the microbiota composition, and none of the baseline microbiota-related features could predict therapeutic response as defined by cluster analysis. Conclusions: Probiotic intervention alters the influence of microbiota on biochemical, physiological and immunological parameters, but it does not affect diversity and taxonomic composition. Baseline microbiota is not a predictor of therapeutic response to a multispecies probiotic. Further multi-omic and mechanistic studies performed on the bigger cohort of patients are needed to elucidate the cardiometabolic effect of investigated probiotics in postmenopausal obesity.
Understanding the Effect of Speed on Human Emotion Perception in Mediated Social Touch Using Voice Coil Actuators
Authors: Zhu Xin , Feng Tiantian , Culbertson Heather
Published: March 2022

Touch as a modality in social communication has been getting more attention with recent developments in wearable technology and an increase in awareness of how limited physical contact can lead to touch starvation and feelings of depression. Although several mediated touch methods have been developed for conveying emotional support, the transfer of emotion through mediated touch has not been widely studied. This work addresses this need by exploring emotional communication through a novel wearable haptic system. The system records physical touch patterns through an array of force sensors, processes the recordings using novel gesture-based algorithms to create actuator control signals, and generates mediated social touch through an array of voice coil actuators. We conducted a human subject study (N= 20) to understand the perception and emotional components of this mediated social touch for common social touch gestures, including poking, patting, massaging, squeezing, and stroking. Our results show that the speed of the virtual gesture significantly alters the participants' ratings of valence, arousal, realism, and comfort of these gestures with increased speed producing negative emotions and decreased realism. The findings from the study will allow us to better recognize generic patterns from human mediated touch perception and determine how mediated social touch can be used to convey emotion. Our system design, signal processing methods, and results can provide guidance in future mediated social touch design.
RNA Virus Gene Signatures Detected in Patients With Cardiomyopathy After Chemotherapy; A Pilot Study
Authors: Varkoly Kyle , Tan Shaoyuan , Beladi Roxana , Fonseca David , Zanetti Isabela Rivabem , Kraberger Simona , Shah Chintan , Yaron Jordan R. , Zhang Liqiang , Juby Michael , Fath Ayman , Ambadapadi Sriram , House Melanie , Maranian Paul , Pepine Carl J. , Varsani Arvind , Moreb Jan , Schultz-Cherry Stacey , Lucas Alexandra R.
Published: March 2022

Background

Viral infections are pervasive and leading causes of myocarditis. Immune-suppression after chemotherapy increases opportunistic infections, but the incidence of virus-induced myocarditis is unknown.

Objective

An unbiased, blinded screening for RNA viruses was performed after chemotherapy with correlation to cardiac function.

Methods

High-throughput sequencing of RNA isolated from blood samples was analyzed following chemotherapy for hematological malignancies (N = 28) and compared with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Results

On initial rigorous analysis, low levels of influenza orthomyxovirus and avian paramyxovirus sequences were detectable, but without significant correlation to LVEF (r = 0.208). A secondary broad data mining analysis for virus sequences, without filtering human sequences, detected significant correlations for paramyxovirus with LVEF after chemotherapy (r = 0.592, P < 0.0096). Correlations were similar for LVEF pre- and post- chemotherapy for orthomyxovirus (R = 0.483, P < 0.0421). Retrovirus detection also correlated with LVEF post (r = 0.453, p < 0.0591), but not pre-chemotherapy, but is suspect due to potential host contamination. Detectable phage and anellovirus had no correlation. Combined sequence reads (all viruses) demonstrated significant correlation (r = 0.621, P < 0.0078). Reduced LVEF was not associated with chemotherapy (P = NS).

Conclusions

This is the first report of RNA virus screening in circulating blood and association with changes in cardiac function among patients post chemotherapy, using unbiased, blinded, high-throughput sequencing. Influenza orthomyxovirus, avian paramyxovirus and retrovirus sequences were detectable in patients with reduced LVEF. Further analysis for RNA virus infections in patients with cardiomyopathy after chemotherapy is warranted.
The Relationship Between Atrial Cardiopathy Biomarkers and Prognosis of Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
Authors: Ning Yuye , Wei Meng , Song Wenfeng , Luo Guogang
Published: March 2022

Objective

To compare the proportion of atrial cardiopathy in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) and other non-cardiac strokes, and to evaluate the prognostic value of atrial cardiopathy biomarkers in patients with ESUS.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled patients with ischemic stroke from January 2018 to April 2020 in a single stroke center, and compared the proportion of atrial cardiopathy in (1) ESUS group, (2) large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) group, and (3) small-vessel occlusion (SVO) group. Then, it compared the baseline characteristics between ESUS patients with atrial cardiopathy and cardioembolism (CE) group. In addition, the relationship was compared between the biomarkers of atrial cardiopathy and prognosis in patients with ESUS.

Results

In total, 316 patients with ischemic stroke were included that included 105 (33.23%) ESUS, 84 (26.58%) LAA, 73 (23.10%) SVO, and 54 (17.09%) CE. Among these patients, patients with ESUS were younger, and had lower triglyceride, lower low-density lipoprotein than non-ESUS group. The proportion of atrial cardiopathy in ESUS group was higher than LAA group or SVO group (42.86 vs. 17.86 vs. 8.22%, p < 0.001). Compared with non-atrial cardiopathy group, patients with atrial cardiopathy were older, had lower EF value, larger left ventricular diameter, and longer PR interval. Among 105 patients with ESUS, 11 (10.78%) cases died, 32 (31.37%) cases had poor functional outcome (mRS >2). In the multivariable model, the risk factor associated with the death risk of patients with ESUS was N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) >250 pg/ml [p = 0.025, hazard ratio (HR) = 4.626, 95% CI: 1.212–17.652] after a 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions

Atrial cardiopathy is more common in patients with ESUS, and the characteristics of ESUS patients with atrial cardiopathy are similar to those in patients with CE. NT-proBNP >250 pg/ml is related to the risk of death in patients with ESUS.
Challenges in Diagnosis and Functional Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Aleksandric Srdjan , Banovic Marko , Beleslin Branko
Published: March 2022

More than half of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) over 70 years old have coronary artery disease (CAD). Exertional angina is often present in AS-patients, even in the absence of significant CAD, as a result of oxygen supply/demand mismatch and exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. Moreover, persistent myocardial ischemia leads to extensive myocardial fibrosis and subsequent coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) which is defined as reduced coronary vasodilatory capacity below ischemic threshold. Therefore, angina, as well as noninvasive stress tests, have a low specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) for the assessment of epicardial coronary stenosis severity in AS-patients. Moreover, in symptomatic patients with severe AS exercise testing is even contraindicated. Given the limitations of noninvasive stress tests, coronary angiography remains the standard examination for determining the presence and severity of CAD in AS-patients, although angiography alone has poor accuracy in the evaluation of its functional severity. To overcome this limitation, the well-established invasive indices for the assessment of coronary stenosis severity, such as fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), are now in focus, especially in the contemporary era with the rapid increment of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for the treatment of AS-patients. TAVR induces an immediate decrease in hyperemic microcirculatory resistance and a concomitant increase in hyperemic flow velocity, whereas resting coronary hemodynamics remain unaltered. These findings suggest that FFR may underestimate coronary stenosis severity in AS-patients, whereas iFR as the non-hyperemic index is independent of the AS severity. However, because resting coronary hemodynamics do not improve immediately after TAVR, the coronary vasodilatory capacity in AS-patients treated by TAVR remain impaired, and thus the iFR may overestimate coronary stenosis severity in these patients. The optimal method for evaluating myocardial ischemia in patients with AS and co-existing CAD has not yet been fully established, and this important issue is under further investigation. This review is focused on challenges, limitations, and future perspectives in the functional assessment of coronary stenosis severity in these patients, bearing in mind the complexity of coronary physiology in the presence of this valvular heart disease.
Type Classification and Engineering Stability Evaluation of Permafrost Wetlands on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Mao Xuesong , Zhao Ying , Wu Qian , Huang Wanjun , Han Liangqing
Published: March 2022

On the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau area, the permafrost and the wetlands are interdependent to form a symbiotic system, called permafrost wetlands (PWs). Due to the extremely complex hydrothermal conditions, the PWs greatly impact road stability. Thus, it is necessary to classify PWs in terms of engineering characteristics and evaluate their engineering stability. In this study, the typical diseases of subgrade in permafrost wetland areas are analyzed based on field investigation. Then, the permafrost type, waterlogged area ratio, and meadow development degree are used as the main indicators for classifying PWs by a three-level division method. Finally, a scheme for the engineering stability evaluation of PWs was established based on the fuzzy comprehensive theory and used for the pre-evaluation of the engineering stability for the proposed Qinghai 224 highway. The results indicate that the longitudinal cracks and uneven deformation are the main road diseases in this area, caused by the combined effect of permafrost, waterlogged areas, and meadow development. The PWs are divided into 15 types according to the engineering characteristics. Waterlogged area ratio and meadow development degree are proven to represent the development of underlying permafrost. The influencing factors include climatic environment, permafrost property, and wetland conditions, which have decreased influence on the engineering stability of PWs. The engineering stability of k230 + 100 and k255 + 400 is evaluated as basically stable and less stable, and the corresponding measures are adopted. At present, no significant damage occurred on the two road sections. The results suggest that the evaluation model in this article can be used to pre-evaluate the engineering stability of PWs.
Time Constraints of Late Cenozoic Tectonic Deformation of the Atushi Anticline, Southwestern Tian Shan: Evidence From Cosmogenic Nuclide Burial Age
Authors: Chen Qingyu , Fu Bihong , Shi Pilong , Kong Ping
Published: March 2022

With the latest uplift episode of Tian Shan occurring since early Miocene, a series of thrust–fold belts were formed in front of Tian Shan. The Kashi foreland thrust–fold belt (KFTB) provided a unique case to understand the ongoing intracontinental deformation within the Pamir–Tian Shan convergence zone (PTCZ). Previous cosmogenic nuclide chronological studies on growth folds suggested that the young thrust–fold belt in front of Pamir formed during 6–1.07 Ma. However, the age constraints of late Cenozoic deformation in front of southwestern Tian Shan are still debated. In this study, we attempt to constrain the initial deformation time of the NEE-striking Atushi anticline (ATA) in the KFTB through the cosmogenic nuclide burial dating data of growth strata near the boundary between Pliocene–Pleistocene Atushi Formation and Xiyu Formation (Xiyu Conglomerate), which are exposed in the southern limb of ATA. Moreover, detailed geological interpretations of multiple remote sensing images and field investigations are also carried out to document the late Cenozoic structural deformation and geomorphologic features of ATA. The 26Al/10Be burial dating data of four fine-grained samples reveal that the syntectonic deposit of ATA initiated at 1.79 ± 0.16 Ma, and the deposit of Xiyu Conglomerate started since 1.67 ± 0.18 Ma. Thus, we suggest that the thrust–folding of ATA began at ca.1.79 Ma and is currently still active.
Future Changes in Drought Frequency Due To Changes in the Mean and Shape of the PDSI Probability Density Function Under RCP4.5 Scenario
Authors: Qi Yulei , Yu Haipeng , Fu Qiang , Chen Quanliang , Ran Jinjiang , Yang Zesu
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the changes in the drought frequency in 2070–2099 relative to 1970–1999, due to the mean and shape changes of the probability density function (PDF) of the self-calibrated Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), using CMIP5 multi-model historical simulations and projections under the RCP4.5 scenario. For severe droughts defined with PDSIs less than the 10th percentile, it is shown that over 41% of the global land, the increase in the severe drought frequency due to the shape change exacerbates the increase due to the mean change. Over 28% of the global land, the decrease in the drought frequency due to the shape change partially offsets the increase due to the mean change. Over 31% of the global land, the drought frequency increases due to the shape changes, but decreases due to the mean changes. The severe drought frequency due to both PDSI PDF mean and shape changes increases over almost the entire global land. We show that the PDSI standard deviation change is mainly determined by the mean precipitation change, while the PDSI mean change is determined by both mean precipitation and potential evapotranspiration changes. In particular, the PDSI standard deviation increases with the increase in mean precipitation which broadens the PDSI PDF, and thus enhances the severe drought frequency, and vice versa. On the other hand, the PDSI mean decreases with the decrease (increase) in mean precipitation (mean potential evapotranspiration). The difference in the attribution of drought frequency changes to the mean and shape changes over different regions can thus be largely explained by the mean precipitation and potential evapotranspiration changes. We also examine the moderate droughts defined with PDSIs between 10th and 20th percentiles in this study. For the moderate drought frequency, the spatial pattern of its changes due to the PDSI mean changes is similar to that of severe drought but with much smaller magnitudes, while its change in the spatial pattern due to the shape changes differs from severe drought with no significant changes. The moderate drought frequency due to both PDSI PDF mean and shape changes increases over 71% of the global land but decreases over 29% of the land.
Neuromyths in Education: Prevalence Among South Indian School Teachers
Authors: Jeyavel Sundaramoorthy , Pandey Vijyendra , Rajkumar Eslavath , Lakshmana Govindappa
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to find out the existence of neuromyths among school teachers in the South Indian states. An online survey was carried out to assess the school teachers’ general understanding of the brain and their belief on selected seven neuromyths statements. A total of 503 high school and higher secondary school teachers from South India participated in this study. On average, 65.5% of teachers have shown their belief toward more than two of the neuromyths; 84% of the participants have believed the learning style myths. This points out the difficulty of teachers in distinguishing factual information from non-scientific facts or myths. Therefore, there is an important need for involving interdisciplinary conversation that can reduce misunderstandings among teachers in the future.
Effectiveness of Early Advanced Glycation End Product Accumulation Testing in the Diagnosis of Diabetes: A Health Risk Factor Analysis Using the Body Mass Index as a Moderator
Authors: Zhang Yi , Jiang Tian , Liu Chao , Hu Honglin , Dai Fang , Xia Li , Zhang Qiu
Published: March 2022

Objective

To evaluate the value of non-invasive detection of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the early screening of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the community of China.

Methods

From January 2018 to January 2019, a total of 912 patients with community health physical examination and no history of T2DM were selected, excluding the results of missing value > 5%. Finally, 906 samples were included in the study, with a response rate of 99.3%. Non-invasive diabetic detection technology was used to detect AGEs in the upper arm skin of all participants, AGE accumulations were classified as ≤P25, P25∼P50, P50∼P75, and >P75; HbA1c, insulin, C-peptide, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), creatinine, urea, and other indicators were measured at the same time. Univariate analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in general data, biochemical indexes, skin AGE levels, and blood glucose among groups, and logistic regression analysis and latent category analysis were performed.

Results

In univariate analysis, SBP, FBG, HbA1c, and age were correlated with higher AGE (p < 0.01); TG, TC, HDL, UA, and gender were not positively correlated with AGE (p < 0.01). After controlling for covariates (waist circumference, hip circumference), AGE accumulation was interacted with other variables. The results of latent category analysis (LCA) showed that the health risk factors (HRFs), including age, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, FBG, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and uric acid, were divided as three groups, and AGE is divided into four categories according to the quartile method, which were low risk (≤P25), low to medium risk (P25∼P50), medium to high (P50∼P75), and high risk (>P75), respectively. The association between the quartile AGE and risk factors of the OR values was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.42, 2.86), 2.61 (95% CI: 1.11, 6.14), and 5.41 (95% CI: 2.42, 12.07), respectively. The moderation analysis using the PROCESS program was used to analyze whether BMI moderated the link between risk factors and AGE accumulation. There was also a significant three-way interaction among HRFs, BMI, and gender for AGE accumulation in the total sample (β = -0.30).

Conclusion

Non-invasive skin detection of AGEs has a certain application value for the assessment of T2DM risk and is related to a variety of risk factors.
Presentations, Complications, and Challenges Encountered During Management of Type 1 Diabetes in Egyptian Children During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Abdou Marise , Hassan Mona M. , Hassanein Samah A. , Elsebaie Eman H. , Shamma Radwa A.
Published: March 2022

Background

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been associated with significant challenges pertaining to the management of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Issues such as fear of infection and lockdown measures have resulted in delayed and more severe clinical presentations of this disease.

Objectives

This study aimed at reporting the frequency and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and the rate of DKA complications in children with diabetes who presented to the emergency unit during COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the purpose of this study was to compare the data collected from the first and second COVID-19 waves with that of the pre-COVID-19 period and describe the challenges encountered during disease management.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included all children and adolescents with T1D who presented to the emergency department at Abo El Rish Children’s Hospital, Cairo University, during the first and second COVID-19 waves. It also included data collected from the pre-COVID-19 period. Demographic and clinical data, investigations, and management details were collected from the patients’ medical records.

Results

Three hundred twenty-four Egyptian children and adolescents diagnosed with T1D were recruited. One hundred forty patients (43.2%) presented with severe DKA, and approximately 66% were newly diagnosed with T1D. The participants presented with manifestations suggestive of COVID-19, such as fever (29.5%), respiratory manifestations (7.2%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (14.7%). Thirty-seven patients were tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection using nasopharyngeal swabs, and four patients tested positive. Around 18% of patients developed hypokalemia during disease management. A comparison between these data and the data from previous years revealed that there was a significant increase in the number of newly diagnosed cases with more severe DKA at presentation and a higher frequency of development of hypokalemia during both COVID-19 waves.

Conclusion

An increase in the frequency of newly diagnosed cases was identified during the first and the second COVID-19 waves compared with the pre-COVID-19 period. The patients presented with more severe DKA, probably due to a more delayed presentation. The frequency of hypokalemia development was also significantly higher, and the severity of DKA was associated with a longer ICU admission. Further studies are required to establish a definitive link between the COVID-19 pandemic and the severity of presentation.
Modeling Functional Flows in California’s Rivers
Authors: Grantham Theodore E. , Carlisle Daren M. , Howard Jeanette , Lane Belize , Lusardi Robert , Obester Alyssa , Sandoval-Solis Samuel , Stanford Bronwen , Stein Eric D. , Taniguchi-Quan Kristine T. , Yarnell Sarah M. , Zimmerman Julie K. H.
Published: March 2022

Environmental flows are critical to the recovery and conservation of freshwater ecosystems worldwide. However, estimating the flows needed to sustain ecosystem health across large, diverse landscapes is challenging. To advance protections of environmental flows for streams in California, United States, we developed a statewide modeling approach focused on functional components of the natural flow regime. Functional flow components in California streams—fall pulse flows, wet season peak flows and base flows, spring recession flows, and dry season baseflows—support essential physical and ecological processes in riverine ecosystems. These functional flow components can be represented by functional flow metrics (FFMs) and quantified by their magnitude, timing, frequency, duration, and rate-of-change from daily streamflow records. After calculating FFMs at reference-quality streamflow gages in California, we used machine-learning methods to estimate their natural range of values for all stream reaches in the state based on physical watershed characteristics, and climatic factors. We found that the models performed well in predicting FFMs in streams across a diversity of landscape and climate contexts, according to a suite of model performance criteria. Using the predicted FFM values, we established initial estimates of ecological flows that are expected to support critical ecosystem functions and be broadly protective of ecosystem health. Modeling functional flows at large regional scales offers a pathway for increasing the pace and scale of environmental flow protections in California and beyond.