bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Ultrasonics for Stable Emulsion Preparation of Fir and Cedar Essential Oils
Authors: Hurda Maryia D , Arseneva Tamara P , Fomicheva Daria A , Antcyperova Mariia A , Lepeshkin Artem I , Iakovchenko Natalia V
Published: December 2024

The properties of fir and cedar essential oils are very diverse. The main ones are antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antiviral. Furthermore, fir and cedar essential oils help to speed up metabolism and reduce stress. Currently, a lot of research is being done on the anti-cancer properties of these oils. The developed nanoemulsion makes it possible to use all the valuable substances of fir and cedar essential oils. Products with it can be used to prevent neoplasms in the human body and improve the functioning of the muscular system and individual organs, such as the liver. The interest in ultrasonic processing is based on the beneficial properties it brings to food products, particularly, disinfection, emulsification, intensification of some technological processes, and so on. Various creams, suspensions and emulsions are produced using ultrasonic processing. All over the world, research is underway to obtain and study the properties of these solutions. In this study, a technology for obtaining a stable nanoemulsion (oil-water) using ultrasonic vibrations has been developed. The results showed that the nanoemulsion with using Tween 80 emulsifier is the most stable. The rational ratio of oil: emulsifier: water was determined. The optimal surfactant for obtaining a stable emulsion is the TWEEN 80 emulsifier at a concentration twice the concentration of oils - the ratio of emulsifier to oil is 1:2, respectively. The appearance and formula of the emulsion obtained by ultrasonic generator is much better than that obtained by dispersion and mixing. To obtain a stable emulsion, treatment with an ultrasonic generator at a frequency of 22 kHz, power of 100% and processing in an ice bath is necessary. A comparative analysis of the appearance and stability of the obtained nanoemulsion was carried out in comparison with nanoemulsions obtained by other methods. This nanoemulsion can be used in the food industry to improve the antibacterial activity in food products, prolong the shelf life, and increase the nutritional value. Moreover, developed nanoemulsion can be widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries for both oral preparations and transdermal use.
Performance Comparison Between Different Per-trained Models with Resnet-53 Using MRI and PET Scan Alzheimer’s Disease Image Dataset
Authors: Boyapati Rama Lakshmi , Yalavarthi Radhika
Published: December 2024

In order to provide immediate support and medical care to identify Alzheimer's disease (AD) as early as possible. By analysing patterns and features in large datasets, these approaches can identify subtle changes in brain structure, function, or biomarkers that may indicate the presence of the Disease at an early stage. Early detection allows for timely intervention and treatment, potentially improving patient outcomes. Using MRI and PET scans image datasets particular to Alzheimer's disease. This study compares the performance of several pre-trained models, like VGG-16, VGG-19, RESNET 50, INCEPTION V3 and Desnet121 with the proposed model ResNet-53. The main goal is to assess and compare how well these models are able to discriminate between healthy people and people with AD. By comparing each model's accuracy and precision, we use transfer learning to optimize them all. The performance of the RESNET-53 is strong to classify the AD and the accuracy is 99.65%. Our findings showed significant differences in performance, with certain models exhibiting higher accuracy in particular imaging modalities. In the proposed model the preprocessing will be initialized by a zero centering process then combined Gaussian filter with bilateral filter. For feature extraction, ResNet is used for its residual connections. In the ResNet architecture first layers are freezed and the last 3 layers are customized for feature extraction. The study emphasizes how integrating deep learning approaches with a variety of imaging modalities may enhance diagnosis accuracy. The accuracy obtained using VGG 16, VGG 19, ResNet 101, RESNET 50, DenseNet 121 and Inception V3 models are 89.61%, 92.81%, 96.32%, 95.27%, 97.80% and 96.44%. The proposed model provides a classification accuracy of 99.65%. The proposed model ResNet 53 has more accuracy. “ResNet-53 outperforms baseline models, achieving a precision of 98.96%, recall of 95%, and an F1-score of 96.97%, which demonstrates its ability to handle class imbalance more effectively than previous approaches.
Smart Maintenance of Railway Infrastructure Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sharma Rajev Kumar , Sharma Ajay , Kanaujia Sandeep
Published: December 2024

The railway infrastructure is a perfect blend of all branches of engineering. Technology has drastically increased, mainly in the Signalling, Civil, Electrical and Mechanical engineering streams. In the field of Signalling, it has leaped from Mechanical to Electronics Interlocking. Civil engineering has gone from manual track maintenance to high-end mechanized tools. In the field of mechanical engineering, it has progressed from wooden coaches to modern designed (LHB)coaches. In electrical engineering, the technology changed from steam loco to diesel and later electrically powered loco design. Nowadays, the loco is powered by nonconventional sources (like solar or wind). Hence, the maintenance of rail infrastructure with traditional methods of physical supervision is sluggish and prone to frequent failures. However, condition monitoring through manual verification by railwaymen helps in the upkeep of railway assets, but it is prone to human errors and subsequent failure of systems, which may result in disasters like derailments or head-on collisions. Signalling components (Point, Tracks, Signals, OFC, DNS, Dataloggers, EI, Block-working instruments etc.), Mechanical rolling stock (Carriage and Wagon), Electrical fitments (OHE, AT, DG, TSS/SP/SSP, locomotive etc.) and Civil Structures (Bridges, Culverts, rail-tracks, rail beds) all require regular maintenance. This paper introduces a “condition monitoring method Enhanced with Wireless Sensor Network” for railway infrastructure. It also clearly distinguishes the typical category of sensors, which are best suitable for condition monitoring of various types of railway assets. The proposed WSN-based technology will improve railway subsystem reliability, effectively reducing failure time and improving the operating ratio.
Blockchain-Driven Framework for Enhancing Electric Vehicle Performance and Internet of Vehicle Connectivity
Authors: Gudumian Sarfaraz
Published: December 2024

Internet of vehicle (IoV) is a new way of enhancing vehicle performance and communication. This paper investigates the technology and applications that drive its integration. By dealing with data privacy, speed, and sizing issues, IoV in electric vehicles enhances real-time data transfer, predictive maintenance and route optimisation. The research led to the Blockchain Six-Layer Centralised Architecture Model (BS-LCAM). This research mainly seeks to improve the efficiency and safety of electric vehicles (EVs) and IoV networks. The six levels comprising this paradigm are data link, physical, transport, application and security. For instance, this layer assures that information can be kept safe over networks but cannot get lost or modified without all parties' permission. All these stages are enhanced by blockchain technology. It provides a secure connection for the BS-LCAM framework, allowing fast data storage and seamless interoperability among several IoV constituents. For example, an intelligent mobility system’s flexibility (comprehensive BS-LCAM model) might benefit different areas such as autonomous driving, energy optimization, fleet management and user-centric services. This paper simulates the performance of BS-LCAM model in diverse environments with 97.6 % performance and scalability, 98.7% route optimization and route optimization.
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulator as a Therapeutic Tool in Obesity
Authors: Krishna V. Vijai , Ramaswamy S. , Suganthirababu P.
Published: December 2024

Obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century. In India, about 30-65% of urban adults are obese. The aim of this study was to investigate neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) markers as a therapeutic tool in diagnosing the effectiveness of exercise intervention in obesity at different levels in obese Class I and Class II male subjects. This randomized controlled study was conducted in the physiotherapy outpatient department of Madha Hospital, Kovur, Chennai. The study duration was 12 weeks. The sample of 30 men was divided into the class I obese men group, 15 nos, and the class II obese men group, 15 numbers. The subjects of age between 18-50 years were included in the study. The Class III Obese men associated with co-morbidities were excluded in this study. The data of Randomized controlled study include anthropometric measurements like height, weight, BMI, Hip circumference, Waist circumference, Thigh circumference, Waist to Height ratio, Waist to Hip ratio, Waist to Thigh ratio, Sagittal abdominal diameter, Abdominal Skin fold thickness, Thigh skin fold thickness and NMES markers. Paired t-test analysis was done. SPSS 20 version was used to analyze the collected data. The result was presented as mean and standard deviation. There was a significant difference in mean values at P?0.005 between different levels of study duration Class I and Class II obese men with neuromuscular electrical stimulator markers (NMES) as a Diagnostic tool. Thus, this study concludes that the NMES marker can be used as a therapeutic tool to analyze obesity.
Pengendalian Proses Pada Katalitik Pirolisis Serabut Kelapa Sawit Dengan Menggunakan Reaktor Batch
Authors: Wulandari Yeni Ria , Rezki Amelia Sri , Afifah Dian Ayu , Hamdi Rafiqul
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is the largest producer of palm oil in the world. The palm oil industry always produces solid waste, one of which is palm fiber. Palm fiber can be processed into chemicals or renewable fuels. Catalytic pyrolysis is a pyrolysis process using a catalyst, the purpose of pyrolysis using a catalyst is to upgrade the product. In this study, the pyrolysis process was carried out in a batch reactor with controlled temperature. Catalytic pyrolysis was carried out at a temperature of 400oC with a catalyst to oil palm fiber ratio of 1:2. The control system uses a feedback controller system. Pyrolysis of palm fiber with Al white and NiCl (II) catalysts produces bio-oil products with the highest yield. Pyrolysis with Al2O3 catalyst produces higher Bio-char products. The density of the water phase bio-oil is close to the density of water, and the viscosity of the bio-oil with the oil phase is more than 10 Cp. Based on GC-MS analysis, the largest component in bio-oil is acetic acid. Bio-oil and Bio-char pyrolysis products have the potential as new chemicals, renewable energy and adsorbents.
Pengaruh Temperatur Pengeringan Terhadap Swelling dan Tensile Strength Edible Film Hasil Pemanfaatan Tepung Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume)
Authors: Amyranti Mutia , Nurlatifah Ismi , Maftukhah Siti , Arlianti Lily
Published: December 2024

Food packaging is the process of protecting a food product to maintain durability and quality consistency. Edible film made from porang tubers is a sustainable and innovative solution to reduce plastic waste and improve food preservation. Porang tuber (Amorphopallus muelleri blume) is a valuable plant as its high glucomannan content can be processed into porang flour. The drying process is one of the important steps in the preparation of porang tuber flour. One of the polysaccharides used in edible films is starch from glucomannan derived from Porang tubers. Glucomannan is an alternative material developed because of the high polysaccharide content in porang tubers, namely mannan, which has the ability to form a good film layer, good biocompatibility, biodegradable and has the ability to form a gel. This study was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of drying temperature on the results of edible films obtained, in terms of swelling and tensile strength values using porang tuber starch. The main stages of this research are the preparation of glycerol-plastized porang tuber flour solution and then the stage of making porang tuber flour edible film. In the manufacture of edible film, the drying process is carried out with temperature variations of 40, 50 and 600C. The highest swelling and tensile strength values were obtained in porang flour edible film at 50 0C, where the swelling and tensile strength values were 61.1% and 0.75 MPa.
The Impact of the Problem-Based Learning Model by Tri Kaya Parisudha on Primary School Students' Character
Authors: Wardhani Ni Ketut Srie Kusuma , Mahendradhani Gusti Ayu Agung Riesa , Wiradnyana I Gede Arya
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of integrating the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model with Tri Kaya Parisudha (TKP) on the development of character traits such as positive thinking, politeness, compassion, and honesty in fifth-grade elementary school students. The research utilized a quasi-experimental design. This study involved fifth-grade students from elementary schools in Cluster VI, Kelurahan Kampung Baru, Buleleng District, spread across 6 elementary schools. Before selecting the sample, an equivalence analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA, which showed that all the schools were equivalent. Two classes were randomly selected through a lottery as the sample. As a result, 32 students from SDN 5 Kampung Baru were designated as the experimental group, and 25 students from SDN 4 Kampung Baru were designated as the control group. Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire, and the analysis was carried out using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods (MANOVA). The results indicated that: (1) students who were taught using the PBL model combined with TKP exhibited higher levels of positive thinking, politeness, compassion, and honesty compared to those who were taught solely with the PBL model, and (2) there were significant differences in these character traits between the two groups. These findings suggest that the PBL model combined with TKP is more effective in fostering positive thinking, politeness, compassion, and honesty than the PBL model.
Analysis of Literacy Sociology Approach ti Moral Values Contained in the Novel "Limitless Presence" by Hyptin
Authors: Nevia Sari Linda , Akbar Jono Ali , Andra Vebby
Published: December 2024

The novel "Limitless Presence" by Hyptin illustrates the existence of humans in facing the problems that arise in the life that surrounds them. This research is focused on knowing the moral values contained in the novel "Limitless Presence" by Hyptin. The type of research used is library research, with a qualitative research approach. In this research, the data collection technique used is documentation research (literature study). While the data analysis technique is qualitative data analysis using an iteractive framework. The results of the research are divided into two, namely: (1) The Relationship Between Humans With Themselves such as the value of Honesty, Hard Work, Firm, Firm, Open, Visionary, Independent, Strong, Brave, Responsibility, (2) The Relationship Between Humans with Fellow Humans and Nature such as Happy to Help, Smile, Generous, Cooperative / Able to Work Together, Communicative, Caring (Humans and Nature). There are four roles of moral values, namely: (1) As a Self-Control Tool to Always Do Good, (2) As an Educational Media Moral Learning Tool for Children, (3) As a Unifying Tool for Good Relationships Between Humans, (4) As a Container of Awareness to Preserve Nature. There are six implications such as: (1) strengthening the application of religion in everyday life, (2) making moral values as a means of self-control to always do good in social life, (3) making moral values as a means of communication between people, (4) carrying out activities to instill moral values in the community, (5) obeying every value or norm in society, (6) making moral values as a place of awareness to protect fellow humans and preserve nature.
What you need to know about Spontaneous ClostridiumSepticum Gangrene
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France., Eustache Gabriel
Published: December 2024

Clostridial myonecrosis is a rapidly progressing infection affecting subcutaneous and muscle tissues. While usually secondary to traumatic inoculation accidental or surgical, these infections can, in rare cases, be spontaneous.
Hybrid Minkowski-Based Fuzzy AHP with MCDM Optimization for Green Supply Chain Transportation
Authors: Hasim Khan
Published: December 2024

In this research, a Hybrid Minkowski Consistency Operator is introduced for the application of Green Supply Chain (GSC) transportation problem based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques. Consequently, the model primarily focuses on enhancing efficiency in transportation processes within green supply chain logistics while minimizing its environmental impact. This is enabled by taking into account these multiple criteria often in conflict with one another: cost, emission, and delivery time. It combines fuzzy logic with the Hybrid Minkowski Consistency Operator for managing uncertainties that may usually come up in a real-world supply chain system, hence making the decisions more precise. This research demonstrates the proposed model's potential to produce optimal and sustainable logistics solutions, a real-case study is employed for validation. In addition, besides this optimization of transport, the paper discusses a hybrid multi-objective optimization methodology that involves Ant Colony Optimization (ANT) and Firefly Algorithm (FA). This hybrid optimization enhances overall performance in this model and provides an overall framework whereby all existing challenges are solved and a foundation for future developments is laid regarding green supply chain management.
Fostering Financial Resilience Among Women Through Fintech and Financial Literacy
Authors: Tazeen Taj Mahat
Published: December 2024

This study explores the role of financial literacy in fostering fintech adoption among urban working women in North Karnataka, focusing on its impact on financial decision-making and empowerment. Despite fintech's potential to enhance financial inclusion, its adoption remains uneven due to socio-cultural barriers, limited financial literacy, and low digital proficiency. Employing an exploratory research method, this study surveyed 395 working women across five districts—Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri, Belgaum, and Bagalkot—to assess their financial literacy, fintech adoption patterns, and financial decision-making behavior.
Findings reveal that only a small proportion of respondents demonstrate high financial literacy, which directly correlates with fintech adoption. Higher education levels and income positively influence financial literacy, which, in turn, facilitates fintech adoption. However, challenges such as risk aversion, trust issues, and limited awareness hinder broader fintech usage. The study emphasizes the mediating role of digital literacy between financial literacy and fintech adoption, underscoring the importance of targeted financial and digital education programs.
This research proposes a conceptual framework linking financial literacy, fintech adoption, and financial decision-making, highlighting their interconnectedness. It concludes that addressing barriers such as gender-based societal norms, cultural resistance, and inadequate digital infrastructure is critical to fostering financial empowerment among women.
The findings aim to guide policymakers, financial institutions, and fintech firms in designing inclusive strategies to improve financial literacy and digital inclusion, thereby enabling women to make informed financial decisions and achieve greater economic empowerment.
Possible Implications of the Anthropocene on Climate Change and Soil Health
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana-Türkiye, Ortaş İbrahim
Published: December 2024

Anthropogenic and climatic factors influence soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties, setting the stage for agriculture's sustainability. Soil is a primary carbon sink crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, making soil health essential for mitigating climate change. Healthy soil enhances climate resilience by maintaining or increasing carbon content and lowering emissions. The overuse of fertilisers pollutes the environment and inadequate application damages soil fertility and microbial activity. The conversion of forests and pastures to agricultural land has resulted in significant carbon losses from the soil. Additionally, soil sealing, air pollution, and industrial contamination all contribute to climate change. Harmful practices such as heavy tillage, land neglect, monoculture cultivation, and excessive chemical use, driven by the pressure to meet growing food demand, have led to soil compaction, degradation, pollution, and nutrient imbalances. Current mismanaged crop and soil techniques deteriorate soil quality; however, by increasing carbon storage in mineral soils and removing emissions from organic soils, sustainable management can contribute to climate neutrality. Climate change can be exacerbated by the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere from unsustainable farming practices and poorly managed soils. The purpose of this study is to investigate the detrimental impacts of anthropogenic (Anthropocene) effects on the environment and soil health from a comprehensive perspective and to formulate potential recommendations. The European Union’s Green Deal, Bioeconomy, and Farm to Fork initiatives aim to sustainably transform agriculture in response to climate challenges. These strategies aim to reduce chemical pesticide use by 50%, fertilizer use by 20%, and nutrient losses by 50% by 2030 to preserve soil fertility. These management practices include efficient fertilizer use to maintain soil health and mitigate climate change effects. Restoring degraded soils and implementing conservation measures can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon storage capacity. Sustainable soil and crop management, including crop rotation, minimizing post-harvest ploughing, preserving vegetation cover, boosting organic matter, and using fertilizers sensibly, is urgently needed to minimize greenhouse gas emissions and store atmospheric carbon dioxide in soil.
The Impact of Applying Phosphorus and Mycorrhiza on the Morphological Parameters of Cotton Roots and Shoots, as well as Their Phosphorus Uptake and Dry Matter Yield
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye, IŞIK Mehmet , ORTAŞ İbrahim ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of P and mycorrhiza application on cotton root and shoot morphological parameters, P uptake and dry matter yield. The hypothesis to be tested is mycorrhiza and P applications increase cotton growth yield and P uptake. The experiment was established under greenhouse conditions in May 2022 and harvested in July 2022, as a pot experiment. In the experiment, two P levels (0 mg P2O5 kg-1, and 50 mg P2O5 kg-1) three mycorrhizae species (control (without mycorrhiza), indigenous mycorrhiza (IM) and Rhizophagus Clarus (Rh. Clarus)) inoculated with May 505-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) variety were used with three replications. Before harvesting, plant height and stem diameter were measured, at harvest; shoot, root, and total dry matter weight (DW) were obtained. The P content of the root and shoot parts of the plant was determined by ICP-OES. Plant root morphological characteristics were determined, and Mycorrhizal Dependency (MD) was calculated by the DW yield of cotton. The JMP8 statistical program was used for ANOVA analysis and LSD test.
Results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in terms of plant height, but P and mycorrhiza treatments made a significant difference in terms of stem diameter. In addition, mycorrhiza application made a significant difference in plant dry weight yield. As a total dry weight yield, the IM application has 45.1 g pot-1 and Rh. Clarus had 47.38 g pot-1 total DW yields. The results showed that mycorrhiza and P applications increased root growth parameters. In addition, P and mycorrhiza treatments improved root morphological characteristics on average. The cotton was found to be an 8.0 to 12.3% MD, and MD was lower in P-treated pots (8.1%) compared to non-P-treated pots (11.3%). Mycorrhiza inoculation and 50 mg P2O5 kg-1 dual applications seem to be suitable for cotton growth.
Under Long-Term Condition, Role of Increasing Doses Phosphorus Application on Soybean (Glycine max L.) Some Nutrient Uptake and Yield
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye, Elaldı Mehmet , Öztürk Feyzullah ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye, Işık Mehmet ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye, Ortaş Ibrahim ,   Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Türkiye
Published: December 2024

Soybeans, as an industrial plant, are used in many industries. Since soybeans fix nitrogen through the rhizobium bacteria, P fertilization is one of the biggest requested fertilizers in their production. In this context, under long-term experimental conditions, the aim is to investigate the effect of increasing doses of P application on soybean yield and nutrient uptake. The hypothesis is that optimum P fertilizer doses increase soybean yield and P uptake.
A field experiment was established in 1998 on the soil Arık soil series. Four doses of P fertilizers were applied, such as 0, 50, 100, and 200 kg P2O5 ha-1 with three replications before each cultivation term. Arısoy soybean (Glycine max L.) species seeds were sown in May 2024 and harvested in November 2024. At harvest, root, shoot dry weights, and yield were determined. Plant mineral nutrients (K, P and Zn) concentrations were analyzed by ICP-OES. ANOVA statistical analysis was realized by the JMP 8-pack program, and the less significant difference (LSD) test was carried out. Research results have shown that there is no significant difference in root dry matter and yield, but there is a significant difference in shoot dry matter yield. Especially when soybean grain yield was examined yield increased due to increasing doses from P0 to P200 (1596, 2390, 2431 and 2512 kg ha-1) fertilization, respectively. Furthermore, increasing doses of P fertilization statistically increased grain P concentration in a linear manner. Overall, for soybeans, 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 phosphorus fertilization is given an optimum dose for optimum growth. It was determined that the 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 application is the optimum application in soybean cultivation growth and nutrient uptake under long-term field experiments.
Characterisation of the biological cycle of plants from two types of Desmodium adscendens (sw.) plant material for domestication in Daloa (Cote d'Ivoire)
Authors:   UFR (Faculty) of Agroforestry, Laboratory for Improving Agricultural Production, University Jean Lorougnon Guédé, BP 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire., Koffi Tahia Jean Yves , Gnamien Yah Gwladys ,   UFR (Faculty) of Agroforestry, Laboratory for Improving Agricultural Production, University Jean Lorougnon Guédé, BP 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire., Kanga Ahou-Nadia ,   UFR (Faculty) of Agroforestry, Laboratory for Improving Agricultural Production, University Jean Lorougnon Guédé, BP 150 Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire., Allouko Jean-renaud ,   University Jean Lorougnon Guédé, IUIPB, University Institute of Landscape and Wood Engineering, Côte d’Ivoire, Koffi Kouame Mathurin ,   Water and Forestry Engineer, National Polytechnic Institut of Yamoussoukro (INPHB), Côte d’Ivoire., Ayolie Koutoua ,   Water and Forestry Engineer, National Polytechnic Institut of Yamoussoukro (INPHB), Côte d’Ivoire.
Published: December 2024

Desmodium adscendens (Sw.), the wild plant used to treat diverse pathologies, is menaced by deforestation and herbicides. It needs to be domesticated, starting with a study of its biology to preserve it and also to ensure healthy seedlings. It is in this context that this study was carried out to study the biology of Desmodium adscendens. To this end, grains and stem cuttings harvested in the wild from the plantations were grown outside the field on a block system. This consists of three blocks, with each block constituting a replication. After the crop was planted, germination and budburst rates, and quantitative parameters (stem length, number of branches, spread and flowering rate) were determined at one, two and three months after sowing. In addition to these parameters, a number of morphological parameters were determined. The results showed that bud burst was faster than germination. Also, in terms of growth parameters, plants grown from stem cuttings obtained better values with a large difference compared to those grown from grains. In addition, plants grown from grainss have a longer growing cycle (90 days) than plants grown from stem cuttings, which have an average growing cycle of 49 days. Its morphological structure is similar to that of legumes, with indeterminate growth. However, propagation by grains or stem cuttings is possible, depending on the objectives set. In short, Desmodium adscendens can be used as a cover plant in agroforestry systems and for soil restoration.
Crop Residues Potential Reclamation of Irrigated Saline Ground Water, Sudan
Authors:   Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan, Haran Samah Sorktey Mohmmed , Dafalla Mohamed Salih ,   Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan, Elhady Elsadig Agbna ,   Environmental Studies, Institutes, University of Khartoum, Sudan
Published: December 2024

Reclamation of ground saline water is a challenge and crucial for agricultural development in the Sudan, especially for artificially irrigated areas that are away from the river Nile and its tributaries. This study aimed to investigate the reclamation potential of crop residues for saline groundwater. Three crop residues of wheat, date palm and groundnut crops were tested as filters in this study. Three filter types from each plant residue were prepared by oven drying at 170 C°; muffle furnace at 250 -300C°; and treated the crude fibre from the furnace at 250-300 C° with 1.25% sodium hydroxide for 30 minutes. PVC plastic pipes of different sizes were filled with the three prepared filter types. The oven-dried residues were put in the 20 cm long and 5 cm diameter plastic pipes while the muffle furnace-dried residues and treated crude fiber were put in 10cm long and 2cm diameter plastic pipes. Constant volumes (100 ml) of saline water were passed through the various filters in the PVC pipes, the leachates were collected, and their salinities were measured using electrical conductivity Apparatus. This procedure of saline water addition and measurement of EC for leachate was repeated ten times. Two saline groundwater from Hattab area-Khartoum North (10 dSm-1) and Soba area-Khartoum (3.0 dS m-1) were passed on filter PVC columns of different diameters filled with the selected residues and their crude fibres. Successive 10 additions of 100 ml saline water from the two waters were filtered through the columns and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the leachates was determined. The results indicated that the EC of leachate from different treatments increased at the beginning and then decreased at an additional 5. Wheat straw and date palm showed comparatively remarked reclamation potential and chemical stability in comparison to groundnut peals. After addition 5, the EC of leachate started to increase again, this indicated the span life filters from these residues. This study shows that crop residues, as waste and low-cost materials, are economically and environmentally feasible reclamation materials of saline water in developing countries for agricultural and drinking uses.
Effect of the Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth and Yield Aspects of Cluster Bean Varieties
Authors:   School of Agriculture, Loyola Academy, Secunderabad, Telangana, India, Sailaja N. , Santhoshini K. ,   School of Agriculture, Loyola Academy, Secunderabad, Telangana, India
Published: December 2024

A field study was conducted to assess the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) on cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) during Kharif 2023 at Loyola Academy, Alwal, Telangana. The four treatments, viz. 100% RDF + Rhizobium, 100% RDF + Psuedomonas, 100% RDF + Vermiwash, 100% RDF + Panchagavya, with two varieties namely Spark (V1) and Samrat (V2) were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The mean values of various growth parameters of variety 1 i.e. Spark at harvest were viz. plant height at 94.0 cm, no. of branches 7.33. The mean values of various growth parameters, of variety 2 i.e. Samrat at harvest were viz. plant height at 97.27 cm, no. of branches 7.87. The mean values of various yield parameters, of variety 1 at harvest were viz. The length of the pod is 6.79 cm, pods per plant 29.33, no. of clusters 10.40 and pod yield 65.64. While the mean values of various yield parameters, of variety 2 at harvest were viz. The length of the pod is 7.30 cm, pods per plant 31.60, no. of clusters 11.13 and pod yield 69.86. Mean gross return values for variety 1 with treatments T0, T1,T2, T3, T4 were 200861.73, 260917.54, 354945.82, 324047.89 and 386299.86 respectively. Mean gross return values for variety 2 with treatments T0, T1, T2, T3, and T4 were 223093.36, 426535.69, 372768.28, 340586.49 and 387043.14 respectively. The highest yield attributes and gross returns were recorded with the application of 100% RDF + Rhizobium and the lowest growth and yield attributes were recorded in the control plots.
Effect of Foliar Spraying with Boron and Ascorbic Acid on Growth and Yield Traits of Chili Pepper Grown in Plastic House
Authors: Salman Al-nussirawi Adnan Ghazi , Altamimi Wasam Habeib , Naji Jamal Nathir
Published: December 2024

This study evaluated the effect of foliar spraying with boron (0, 50, and 100 mg L-1) and ascorbic acid (0, 100, and 200 mg L-1) on the growth and yield of chili pepper plants grown in a plastic house. The treatment spraying boron at a rate of 100 mg L-1 had significantly better results in terms of relative chlorophyll content in leaves, main stem diameter, plant height, branch count, leaf count, fruit count, fruit weight, and plant yield (48.23 Spad, 21.02 mm, 70.02 cm, 4.500 branches, 156.81 leaves, 74.88 fruits, 19.00 g, and 1492.5 g plant-1 respectively). A concentration of 200 mg L-1 ascorbic acid sprayed on plants produced the best results in terms of plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, number of fruits, weight of fruits, and plant yield (21.88 mm, 72.79 cm, 4.878 plant branches, 166.59 leaves, 77.74 fruits, 21.97 g, 1745.7 g plants-1 respectively). The study found that the main stem diameter, plant height, branches number, leaves number, fruits number, fruit weight, and plant yield were all best increased by an interaction treatment consisting of spraying boron at 100 mg L-1 and ascorbic acid at 200 mg L-1. compared with the control group, the values reached 22.47, 74.38 cm, 5,000 branches, 170.76 leaves, 90.46 fruits, 26.38 g, and 2430.4 g plant-1 respectively
Bio-Preparation of Iron Nano Fertilizers from Lemon Fruit Affected some of the Characters of Carrot plants (Daucus carota L.)
Authors: Alansi Laila Hefdah Allah , Al-Magrebi Najeeb M.
Published: December 2024

To study the biological preparation of iron nano fertilizers from lemon fruit extract and their effect on some quantitative traits of carrot (Daucus carota L.) plant. Experiments were conducted, a laboratory part and a field part, with two addition factors, foliar fertilization and soil fertilization, using two sources of iron. The first source was nano-iron at a concentration of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg L-1, and the second source was chelated iron at a concentration of 1.5 g L-1 and control treatment. The results showed the superiority of foliar fertilization in most of the studied traits such as iron concentration, root length, root diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, carotene and total dissolved solids (144.30 ppm, 17.10 cm, 2.1 cm, 137.98 g, 16.03 g, 1.62 mg g fresh weight-1 and 8.79 %, respectively). Nano-iron spraying was superior than to chelated iron in the concentration of iron (Fe), root length, root diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, and total dissolved solids (1059.22 ppm, 20.82 cm, 2.29 cm, 168.97 g, 18.37 g, and 9.91 %, respectively). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the size and purity of the nanoparticles, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to verify the composition. Iron oxide (Fe2O3) was in the form of α-Fe2O3 hematite with a size of 32.8 nm and Ỵ-Fe2O3 maghematite with a size of 44.6 nm. We conclude that the use of green synthesis method for nano-fertilizers has proven effective and efficient from an economic and environmental point of view.
Cooperative Learning in Garments Technology-Dressmaking for Junior High School
Authors: Managoy Shilly Mae Booc.
Published: December 2024

The implementation of cooperative learning among Junior High School Students in Garments Technology-Dressmaking during the school year 2017-2018 as basis for an enhanced instructional plan has resulted to different approaches. Positive Interdependence, Group Processing and interpersonal Skills were the three Cooperative Learning Approaches developed among the students, while there is a need to focus on the development of Individual Accountability and Promotive Interaction. There was no significant correlation between the performance and developed behavior domain using of Cooperative Learning Approaches in teaching Garments. It was concluded that teachers should continuously use collaborative learning approach, hence evidence indicates that it raises achievement, promotes positive self-concept, and raises regard for others.
Setting the table for rural food access: Models from Appalachia and the Deep South
Authors: Darwin Abigail , Nunoo Nicole , Lee Jung , Borron Abigail , Thompson Jennifer
Published: December 2024

The Southeastern United States was built upon agriculture, but paradoxically its rural residents experience high rates of food insecurity due to numerous intersecting socio-economic barriers. Food insecurity leads to higher rates of diet-related chronic disease in rural populations compared to their urban counterparts, further compounded by limited access to healthcare. Guided by the theoret­ical frameworks of assets-based community development and the culture-centered approach, this paper investigates existing program models that guide the establishment of community-derived programs to increase the availability and accessibility of locally sourced fruit and vegetables for low-income residents of the rural Southeast. Data were collected through document analysis and semi-structured interviews with leadership from twelve community-derived food access programs in Appalachia and the Deep South. Using a frame­work approach, data were analyzed to identify and characterize current models based on their struc­tures and guiding values. Four pro­gram models were identified: the Charity Model, the Support Model, the Restructure Model, and the Market Model, which range from providing emer­gency food to restructuring the local food system. We present characteristics of each model, the chal­lenges faced, and lessons learned by participating programs. In addition to identifying the four mod­els, an unexpected result of this work was uncover­ing subtle yet important differences between Appalachian and Deep South programs that reflect their divergent, yet parallel cultural histories of marginalization and resilience.
學校性教育的國際發展史和台灣經驗
Authors: 晏涵文 晏涵文
Published: December 2024

筆者回顧學校性教育的國際發展史，並對應台灣相同時期的發展狀況。文中將比較貞潔教育模式(Abstinence Only Until Marriage, AO)、全面性教育模式(或Abstinence Plus/A+)和瑞典之較安全性教育等三種性教育模式，說明它們的發展經過、基本原則和內涵，以及AO和A+的研究結果比較。透過理解這些發展歷程和內涵比較即可發現，我國國民教育課程綱要中的性教育相關內涵，與聯合國教科文組織（UNESCO）所提出的全面性教育精神是相符合的。

 

The author reviewed the history of international developments in school-based sexuality education and compared them with Taiwan’s development during the same period. This article examined three sexuality education models: the Abstinence-Only (AO) model, the Comprehensive Sexuality Education (or A plus) model, and Sweden’s safer sex education approach. It discussed their historical development, core principles, and key components, while also compared research findings on AO and A Plus. Through understanding these developmental trajectories and comparisons, it becomes evident that the content related to sexuality education in Taiwan’s 108 National Curriculum Guidelines aligns with the principles of Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) as proposed by UNESCO.

 
Analog Circuits Fault Diagnosis Using ISM Technique and a GA-SVM Classifier Approach
Authors:   Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, 19000, Setif, Algeria, Kouachi Sabah , Bourouba Nacerdine ,   Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, 19000, Setif, Algeria, Mebarkia Kamel ,   Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, 19000, Setif, Algeria, Laidani Imad ,   Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, 19000, Setif, Algeria
Published: December 2024

This present work aims to contribute to the solution of the problems encountered in electronic circuits fault diagnosis. One of these troubleshoots faced is the lack of effective features that help to optimize fault classifier and hence improve circuit fault detection and identification. Thus, our feature extraction approach is based on the CUT’s transfer function. This is deduced from the Matlab identification system IS model (ISM), namely the OE model belonging to the ARMA model’s family. These features are the transfer function polynomial coefficients playing a crucial role in the fault free and faulty circuits construction models and feeding the classifier for the fault diagnosis purpose. The faults we are dealing with are of single parametric type. This is done from PSPICE time domain analysis on the CUT output response under theses circuit conditions and followed by extracting the IS model (ISM) orders (p,q) polynomials. The coefficient values of the latter were considered as efficient comparison elements between faulty and healthy circuit responses. As a result, the OE model has achieved 100% fault coverage and its construction reached high accuracy level exceeding 98% for faulty circuits. This accuracy level ambition us to use its coefficients as input features for our Hybrid proposal fault classifier. This is built with GA and SVM algorithms combination targeting both data reduction and fault classification accuracy respectively. The results achieved are conclusive since the classifier accuracy level reached 100% and a 70% of feature data volume reduction was scored.
Distribution features of the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) in the south of Ukraine: a case study of Mykolaiv Oblast
Authors:   Kinburn Spit Regional Landscape Park (Ochakiv, Ukraine), Redinov Kostiantyn
Published: December 2024

Until recently, the natural geographic range of the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) has not covered the area of Mykolaiv Oblast, as opposed to Podillia and the forest-steppe belt of Ukraine. Over the past 40 years, due to artificial and natural dispersal, this dendrophilous rodent species has significantly expanded in range into Mykolaiv Oblast, 93% of which is located within the steppe and 7% within the forest-steppe zones of Ukraine. The squirrels moved from the forest-steppe zone, from the city of Kryvyi Rih and along the Dnipro valley. The dispersal has been gradual, took place in waves, and has become widespread in the last 10–15 years. In the city Pervomaisk, the species was observed for the first time at the Southern Bug River in 1980, then in the north-east of the oblast region in 2002, and near the city of Mykolaiv in 1997. On the Kinburn Peninsula, the squirrel first appeared as a result of artificial introduction in the 1980s in the adjacent territory of Kherson Oblast. In the 21st century, other subspecies also dispersed naturally into the region along the Dnipro River valley and are now widespread here together with descendants of the ‘common’ and teleutka squirrels. The animals appeared in Ochakiv as a result of introduction in 2020. As of 2024, the squirrels are widespread within the northern steppe subzone of the steppe zone and locally within the middle steppe and dry steppe subzones of the steppe zone. The species is more widespread than scientists considered. The squirrel’s distribution was facilitated by forest reclamation, in particular the planting of forest belts and walnut orchards and other plantations, as well as by its ecological plasticity, introduction, synanthropisation, and the loyal attitude of the majority of the population to the species. In some places, the animals have established themselves and started breeding, such as in the cities of Novyi Buh, Mykolaiv, and Pervomaisk, and also in forest tracts, etc. The species’ natural enemy is the Eurasian goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). According to the available data, in Mykolaiv Oblast, there are red squirrels from natural populations of the forest-steppe and Podillia of Ukraine, introduced teleutka squirrels, and probably their hybrids as well. As of 2020–2024, the estimated abundance of squirrels in the territory of Mykolaiv Oblast is approximately 250–500 individuals.
Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Dönüşümcü ve Etkileşimci Liderliğin Çalışan Memnuniyeti Üzerindeki Etkisi: Örgütsel İletişim, Örgütsel Güven ve Örgütsel Bağlılığın Aracılık Rolü
Authors: Altıntaş Mustafa , Özata Musa
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı dönüşümcü ve etkileşimci liderlik davranışlarının çalışan memnuniyetine etkisinde örgütsel iletişim, örgütsel güven ve örgütsel bağlılığın aracılık rolünün belirlenmesidir. Nicel araştırma deseninde oluşturulan çalışmada örneklemi, Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesinden 460 eğitim çalışanı ve Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinden 440 sağlık çalışanı olmak üzere toplamda 900 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Anket formunda ise likert tipi ölçekler kullanılmış, araştırma modelinin doğrulanmasında yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin analizi için SPSS ve AMOS programları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre sağlık çalışanlarında dönüşümcü ve etkileşimci liderliğin çalışan memnuniyetine etkisinde örgütsel güven ve örgütsel bağlılığın kısmî aracılık rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Eğitim çalışanlarında ise dönüşümcü liderliğin çalışan memnuniyetine etkisinde örgütsel güven ve örgütsel bağlılığın kısmî aracılık rolü olduğu bulunurken; etkileşimci liderliğin çalışan memnuniyetine etkisinde örgütsel güven ve örgütsel bağlılığın tam aracılık rolü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Örgütsel iletişimin çalışan memnuniyetini anlamlı olarak etkilemediği belirlenmiş, bu yüzden aracılık etkisine rastlanılamamıştır.