bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POSTWAR JAPANESE ADOPTION OF AMERICAN CULTURE IN LYNNE KUTSUKAKE’S THE TRANSLATION OF LOVE: A POSTCOLONIAL APPROACH
Authors: Nugroho Bhakti Satrio , Rokhman Muh. Arif
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses postwar Japanese adoption of American culture in a debut novel by Lynne Kutsukake entitled The Translation of Love. This novel is set during the U.S. occupation of Japan after the end of World War II. Postwar Japanese are forced to live under American power, while undergoing an economic, social, and moral crisis (kyodatsu). By using postcolonial perspective under Transnational American Studies, this paper finds the adoption of American culture by postwar Japanese characters in the novel, which come from various social backgrounds, including schoolteachers, schoolchildren, bar girls, and prostitutes. The adoption of American culture includes language (English), Western dating (lifestyle), custom, and fashion. This cultural adoption can be defined as the construction of new Japanese society built under American influence to be more “American-oriented”. Moreover, it further implies the devaluation of Japanese culture, the humiliation of postwar Japanese people, and the birth of Japanese cultural dependency toward American culture.Keywords: American culture; postcolonial; postwar Japan; transnational; U.S. occupation
MUSICAL COMMUNICATION AND EPIDEMIC: THE ROLE OF MUSIC IN THE COVID-19 EPIDEMIC
Authors: İMİK TANYILDIZI Nural
Published: November 2020

Since ancient times, there has been a lot of information that music has deeply affected the human psyche. It is seen that music is the food of the human psyche and is used even in the treatment process of some diseases. It also includes a communication process in music. The messages given by musical communication have different effects on the target audience. COVID-19 disease, which started at the end of 2019 and spread all over the world in a short time, has affected people in many areas. One of the areas most affected by COVID-19 is human psychology. In this study, the effects of musical communication on the human psyche during the COVID-19 process were examined. Qualitative research method was used in this study. Semi-structured interview technique was used in the research. For this purpose, pre-prepared interview questions were asked to 30 people through online interviews. The obtained data were recorded by the researcher. The data were analyzed by the qualitative research method. It has been trying to determine how music affects the human psyche during the pandemic process.
The ambivalent role of environmental NGOs in climate communication
Authors: Rödder Simone
Published: November 2020

Environmental NGOs play a vital role in public climate communication through their awareness-raising activities and educational campaigns. This commentary points to a potentially problematic implication of their role as climate science advocates which includes the general tendency to attribute environmental changes and extreme weather events to climate change. These climate-centric framings, however, may not resonate with the lived experiences and belief systems of local communities, not even in geographically vulnerable areas. I draw on local case studies to show that communities often express a sense of “shared responsibility” between global carbon dioxide emissions and ecologically deleterious local practices such as shrimp farming (in Bangladesh) and cutting trees (in the Philippines). As a consequence, the studies show mismatches between activists' attributions of local circumstances and events, and local communities' ways of knowing their local circumstances.
Activists as alternative science communicators. The NGO “Danish Seed Savers”: science communicators and activists but questionably alternative
Authors: Windfeldt Louise
Published: November 2020

This commentary describes the work of the NGO Danish Seed Savers, working with heritage plants, highly prioritized by The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The Danish Seed Savers act as activists, when they work to change the implementation of EU seed-legislation. At the same time, they have a seat in the Danish Committee on Plant Genetic Resources and help the Ministry of Food to protect and communicate about heritage plants. The commentary reflects on the role of the Danish Seed Savers. They are science communicators and activists but asks: are they alternative?
Activists as strategic science communicators on the adoption of GMOs in Uganda
Authors: Lukanda Ivan Nathanael
Published: November 2020

This commentary uses a case study of Uganda and the country's attempts to adopt genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to demonstrate how activists have become communicators of scientific knowledge in the digital age. The digital age allows activists to share their information and collaborate with those who can push their agenda. I argue that anti-GMO activists have positioned themselves as influencers in a debate where weight-of-scientific evidence seems to have been overshadowed by perceptions, largely driven by socio-democratic considerations that require participation in technological uptake.
‘Science for social revolution’: People’s Science Movements and democratizing science in India
Authors: T.V. Venkateswaran
Published: November 2020

Often, new social movements engaged with science and society are characterised as contesting objectivity; the neutrality of modern science seeking to legitimise ‘lay perspectives’. It has been an article of faith among scholars to view third world movements as anti-science, anti-modernity and post-developmentalist. This commentary describes ideological framework, modes of action and organisation of the All India People’s Science Network (AIPSN), one of the People’s science movement (PSMs) active for more than the past four decades. They dispute the dominant development trajectory and science and technology-related policies for reinforcing the existing inequities. Nevertheless, they see ‘science’ as a powerful ally for realising their radical emancipatory vision of ‘science for social revolution’. Mobilising ‘science activists’ as unique alternate communicators, they strive for lay-expert collaboration. The canonical framing of third world social movements as postcolonial and anti-modern does not capture this unique case from India. Further studies are required to tease out such strands of social movements elsewhere.
Celebrating the complexity and diversity that is science communication around the globe
Authors: Weitkamp Emma
Published: November 2020

This book review considers the contribution of Communicating Science, A Global Perspective to our understanding of the history of science communication across the globe. With 40 chapters and nearly 1000 pages of text, this substantial book provides insights into the unique histories of science communication in 39 countries across all regions of world.
Prospects for the personnel potential development of the Samara region state authorities and local self-government
Authors:   Samara state University of public administration ‘International Market Institute’, BEREZOVSKY DENIS V. , KOLCHUGINA ELENA V. ,   Samara state University of public administration ‘International Market Institute’
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the topical issues of human resources development of public and municipal authorities. The authors traced the main stages of legal regulations at different directions of personnel policy concerning the public and municipal service both at the federal and regional levels. It is noted that the normative expansion of forms of professional development of civil servants is supported by the appearance of additional educational events, such as seminars, trainings, master classes, round tables and conferences, along with traditional forms of professional retraining and professional development.The experience of the Samara region in implementing state and municipal personnel policy in the period from 2018 to 2019 is presented. Examples of implemented project initiatives are given. Standardization, digitalization, and implementation of national projects are the main goals of the Samara region’s personnel policy for 2020–2024. The public presentation of Strategy for personnel policy of the Samara region was held at the I Regional personnel practical session ‘Personnel 2.0. Human resources technologies for national projects’ in December 2019.
Audit of the implementation of national goals
Authors:   Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, BLINOVA TATYANA V.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the issues of control over the expenditure of funds in the implementation of national goals. The author refers to the documents that regulate this area of activity, connects their main provisions with public administration, shows how the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation participates in the audit of budget expenditures and thereby contributes to the sustainable development of the country, the formation of effective public administration systems. In 2019, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation analyzed the progress of 8 of 13 national projects and identified significant risks that affect the achievement of the planned results. The audit results indicate systemic management weaknesses. Based on the analysis, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation offered the Government of the Russian Federation to transform the internal financial audit of chief administrators of budget funds into an internal audit of the activities of state bodies. Regarding the main goal-setting of the internal audit, it is proposed to determine the tasks of analyzing the achievement of goals and assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of the use of budget funds. The Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation has proposed to the Government of the Russian Federation to transform the internal financial audit of chief administrators of budget funds into an internal audit of the activities of state bodies. The author emphasizes that only an effective multi-level audit system will not only raise the implementation of national projects to the proper level, but also make a significant contribution to the achievement of the country's sustainable development goals. Combining the efforts of all interested parties will allow us to adequately meet the challenges of the time and ensure high-quality achievement of national goals set by the President of the Russian Federation.
Participation of social movements in the innovative development of the population’s life safety system
Authors:   Public Joint Stock Company ‘United Aircraft Corporation’ (UAC), PUCHKOV VLADIMIR А.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the promising directions of development of social movements to support the innovative evolution of the population’s life safety system. The key aspects of the activities of veterans organizations aimed at the transfer of life and professional experience are considered. The assessment of practical experience and prospects of joint actions of volunteers in areas of large-scale disasters with the use of the latest innovative technologies is carried out. The role of social movements in the implementation of modern approaches in the education of younger generations, increasing the involvement of all segments of Russian society in the formation of a culture of life safety and improving the new quality of socio-economic development of the country’s regions is studied. Based on his own practical experience, the author comes to the conclusion about the absolute effectiveness of cooperation between the state and public organizations, involving volunteers in ensuring the safety of life. The analysis of the necessary measures on the part of the state to ensure full cooperation with volunteer movements is carried out, and a set of measures to achieve these goals is proposed. Creation of stimulating conditions for public voluntary fire protection associations at the level of the Russian Federation’s regions as a unique public-rescue institution is noted.
About the priority measures taken by the state authorities of Russia in connection with the spread of coronavirus infection
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, TSIBIKOV VIKTOR A.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the work of Russian state authorities during the period when a new coronavirus infection (SARSCoV- 2, previously – 2019-nCoV) threatens to spread and enter the national territory. The algorithm of work and the practical measures taken to combat infection from the point of view of the requirements of the national security Strategy of the Russian Federation, as well as Federal and regional regulatory legal acts in terms of protection are analyzed. The issues of the formation of special temporary governing bodies, the goals and objectives of their activities, as well as the forms of work used: monitoring the situation, rulemaking, interagency cooperation, building up forces and means to combat the pandemic, using the information and technical base, informing the population, supporting certain sectors of the economy and certain categories of citizens are considered. Conclusions are drawn about the organized, complex and interdepartmental nature of the events, the need to improve legislation in terms of establishing legal liability for offenses under the quarantine regime, creating conditions to prevent unjustified price increases for certain types of goods, systematically informing the population and preventing the spread of false rumors, the need to support certain sectors of the economy and certain categories of citizens.
EFL Teachers’ Autonomy Supportive Practices for Out-of-Class Language Learning
Authors: Işık Tuba , Balçıkanlı Cem
Published: November 2020

Autonomy support is a recently defined role for teachers, and they are expected to help learners engage in autonomous out-of-class learning. With a focus on English language learning outside the classroom, this study intended to uncover English as a foreign language teachers’ practices related to autonomy support and to discuss the challenges faced by the teachers in this process. Eleven teachers working at the tertiary level at a state university in Turkey were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in three sessions to find out the extent to which the teachers help their learners become autonomous. The findings revealed that the teachers perform many autonomy-supportive behaviors which are feasible in language classrooms such as motivating students, giving language advice and promoting peer collaboration. In doing this, the teachers utilize five different support mechanisms: affective, resource, capacity, technology, and social support. On the other hand, the findings uncovered such constraints as crowded classes, overloaded curriculum, and low learner motivation. These challenges were perceived as barriers hampering teachers’ efforts for autonomy support. This study highlights the feasibility of creating an autonomy-supportive language learning environment and provides implications for teachers of English as a Foreign Language.
Cognitive frailty: a brief review
Authors: Petridou Evangelia
Published: November 2020

Frailty syndrome and cognitive decline, conditions linked with aging, jeopardize health status and promote an individual’s dependence on daily living activities. Various models include cognition in the assessment of frailty, but recently a new term has been proposed, called “Cognitive Frailty’’, originally presented as a probable outcome of frailty, but later it has been proposed to be an early sign of the syndrome. Cognitive frailty encompasses both the physical and the cognitive domain, explored as a unique entity, and includes two subtypes, the reversible and the potentially reversible cognitive frailty. Most studies examine cognition as another domain of frailty, using different methods for the assessment of both frailty and the status of cognition. In the present article, various definitions of the frailty syndrome and cognitive frailty as well as screening tools are reviewed. The link between cognitive impairment and frailty, and the common pathophysiological mechanisms such as neuropathological, vascular and metabolic factors, inflammation, hormones and nutrition are explored. Finally, this review presents the effects of multi-domain and single domain interventions, conducted in physical and/or cognitively frail populations that may be applied to the prevention and management of cognitive frailty.
When Rotational Atherectomy is not Enough
Authors: Atefi Negar , Elbarouni Basem , Ravandi Amir , Allen David
Published: November 2020

Severe coronary calcification predicts stent under-expansion,
malapposition, and poor outcomes in percutaneous coronary intervention.
Rotational atherectomy permits debulking of coronary calcium allowing
for stent expansion. More recently, intravascular lithotripsy has been
used to fracture calcium and aid revascularization. Here we report two
cases where both strategies were required for revascularization.
Genetic basis of progression and relapse in Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney
Authors: Yaguchi Tomoki , Kimura Shunsuke , Seki Masafumi , Sekiguchi Masahiro , Yoshida Kenichi , Shiraishi Yuichi , Kataoka Keisuke , Fujii Yoichi , Kubota Yasuo , Watanabe Kentaro , Hiwatari Mitsuteru , Miyano Satoru , Ogawa Seishi , Takita Junko
Published: November 2020

To elucidate the genetic mechanisms of recurrence and metastasis in
clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK), a dismal pediatric renal
cancer, we performed targeted-capture sequencing by pediatric solid
tumors panel (381 genes) for multi-sampled tumors including autopsy
samples of metastasis extracted from a single case that underwent four
relapses. Internal tandem duplication of BCOR (BCOR-ITD) was the only
truncal mutation, indicating a strong association with tumorigenesis.
Acquisition of additional mutations along tumor relapses and detection
of metastasis-specific mutations were reminiscent of the tumor
progression and therapeutic resistance of this case, leading to clonal
selection and a dismal fate.
Peripartum Hysterectomy: Is There Any Difference Between Emergent versus Planned Surgery ?
Authors: Oge Tufan , Tokgöz Vehbi , Cakmak Yusuf , Velipasaoglu Melih
Published: November 2020

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the outcomes of emergent and
planned peripartum hysterectomy. Methods: This retrospective
cross-sectional study was conducted in two hospitals. Maternal and
neonatal outcomes were compared according to the emergent and planned
peripartum hysterectomy. Results: Totally 34020 deliveries were
evaluated retrospectively and 66 peripartum hysterectomy cases were
analyzed. Of these patients, 31 cases were planned surgery and 35 cases
were emergent surgery. The patients who underwent planned peripartum
hysterectomy had lower rate of blood transfusion (83.9% vs. 100%,
p=0.014), higher postoperative hemoglobin levels (9.9±1.3 vs. 8.3±1.3,
p<0.001) compared with the emergent hysterectomy group. The
birth weight was lower although the apgar scores were higher in the
planned surgery compared with the emergent cases. Conclusion: The
planned peripartum hysterectomy with a experienced team provide less
need for transfusion and improved neonatal outcomes in regard to the
emergent peripartum hysterectomy.
The Zoolander Effect: Equivalent Models in Ecology and Evolution
Authors: Bassar Ronald , Coulson Tim , Travis Joseph , Reznick David
Published: November 2020

In the 2001 film Zoolander, the lead character, played by Ben Stiller,
ditches his old “Blue Steel” look and develops an exciting new
‘Magnum” look that the fashion industry enthusiastically embraces. The
evil mastermind, Mr Mugato, played by Will Farrell, exclaims “The man
has only one look, for Christ’s sake! … They’re the same face!
Doesn’t anybody notice this? I feel like I’m taking crazy pills!” We
argue here that eco-evolution is the “Magnum” of biology: it is
fashionable, lots of people love it, but it is not new. We also argue
that, like the “Blue Steel” look in the 2016 sequel, Zoolander 2,
eco-evolution is being seen where it does not belong.
EFFECTIVENESS OF UTERINE TAMPONADE DEVICES FOR REFRACTORY POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE AFTER VAGINAL BIRTH: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Pingray Veronica , Widmer Mariana , Ciapponi Agustín , Hofmeyr GJ , Deneux-Tharaux Catherine , Gulmezoglu Ahmet , Bloemenkamp Kitty , Oladapo Olufemi , Comande Daniel , Bardach Ariel , Vazquez Paula , Cormick Gabriela , Althabe Fernando
Published: November 2020

Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of uterine tamponade devices
for atonic refractory postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) after vaginal birth,
and the effect of including uterine tamponade devices in institutional
protocols. Search strategy: databases in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS
and POPLINE. Study selection: randomised and non-randomised comparative
studies. Outcomes: composite outcome including surgical interventions
(artery ligations, uterine compressive sutures or hysterectomy) or
maternal death, and hysterectomy. Results: all four included studies
were at high risk of bias. The certainty of evidence rated as very low
to low. One randomised study measured the effect of the the
condom-catheter balloon compared to standard care and found unclear
results for the composite outcome (RR 2.33, 95%CI 0.76-7.14) and
hysterectomy (RR 4.14, 95%CI 0.48-35.93). Three comparative studies
assessed the effect of including UBTs in institutional protocols. A
stepped-wedge study suggested an increase in the composite outcome (RR
4.08, 95%CI 1.07-15.58), and unclear results for hysterectomy (RR 4.38,
95% CI 0.47-41.09) with the use of the condom-catheter or surgical
glove balloon. One non-randomised study showed unclear effects on the
composite outcome (RR 0.33, 95%CI 0.11-1.03) and hysterectomy (RR 0.49,
95%CI 0.04-5.38) after the inclusion of Bakri balloon. The second
non-randomized study found unclear effects on the composite outcome (RR
0.95, 95%CI 0.32-2.81) and hysterectomy (RR 1.84, 95%CI 0.44-7.69)
after the inclusion of Ebb or Bakri balloon. Conclusions: the effect of
uterine tamponade devices for the management of atonic refractory PPH
after vaginal delivery is unclear, as is the role of the type of device
and the setting.
Power transformer health index estimation using evidential reasoning
Authors: Milosavljevic Srdjan , Janjic Aleksandar
Published: November 2020

Market-oriented power distribution system requires a well-planned budget with
scheduled preventive and corrective maintenance during a replacement of
units that are in an unsatisfactory condition. In recent years, the concept
of the transformer health index as an integral part of resource management
was adopted for the condition assessment and ranking of ETs. However,
because of the lack of regular measurement and inspections, the confidence
in health index value is greatly reduced. The paper proposes a novel
methodology for the ET condition assessment and the lifetime increase
through the establishment of priorities for control and maintenance. The
solution is based on the upgraded health index, where the confidence to the
measurement results is calculated using Evidential reasoning algorithm based
on Dempster - Shafer theory. A novel, two - level hierarchical model of ET
health index is proposed, with real weighting factors values. This way, the
methodology for ET ranking includes the value of available information to
describe ET current state. The proposed methodology is tested on real data
of an installed ET and compared with the traditional health index
calculation.
Risk management and participation of electric vehicle considering transmission line congestion in the smart grids for demand response
Authors: Beyzaee Cyrous , Marvi Sara , Zarif Mahdi
Published: November 2020

Demand response (DR) could serve as an effective tool to further balance the
electricity demand and supply in smart grids. It is also defined as the
changes in normal electricity usage by end-use customers in response to
pricing and incentive payments. Electric cars (EVs) are potentially
distributed energy sources, which support the grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and
vehicle-to-grid (V2G) modes, and their participation in time-based (e.g.,
time of use) and incentive-based (e.g., regulation services) DR programs
helps improve the stability and reduce the potential risks to the grid.
Moreover, the smart scheduling of EV charging and discharging activities
supports the high penetration of renewable energies with volatile energy
generation. This article was focused on DR in the presence of EVs to assess
the effects of transmission line congestion on a 33-bit grid. A random model
from the standpoint of an independent system operator was used to manage the
risk and participation of EVs in the DR of smart grids. The main risk
factors were those caused by the uncertainties in renewable energies (e.g.,
wind and solar), imbalance between demand and renewable energy sources, and
transmission line congestion. The effectiveness of the model in a 33-bit
grid in response to various settings (e.g., penetration rate of EVs and risk
level) was evaluated based on the transmission line congestion and system
exploitation costs. According to the results, the use of services such as
time-based DR programs was effective in the reduction of the electricity
costs for independent system operators and aggregators. In addition, the
results demonstrated that the participation of EVs in incentive-based DR
programs with the park model was particularly effective in this regard.
Serum Cholinesterase Level as a Marker of Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation in Isolated Systolic Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sidhu Williamjeet , Bhatia Lovleen , Vohra Kanchan
Published: November 2020

Background: Autonomic regulation of local and systemic inflammation through the ‘cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway’ may have role in persistence of low-grade systemic inflammation in isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). The augmented activity of the enzyme cholinesterase (ChE) leads to degradation of the main anti-inflammatory neurotransmitter ‘acetylcholine’ of this pathway. Despite the role of inflammation in hypertension, serum level of cholinesterase enzyme has not been determined till now in ISH. The study aimed to measure the serum levels of inflammatory marker ChE in comparison to high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) to predict the presence of low-grade systemic inflammation and their correlation with blood pressure in ISH patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in ISH patients (n=30; mean age, 51.00±1.24 years; male/female (M/F) number=18/12). Age and sex matched healthy subjects (n=30, mean age, 51.86±1.40 years; M/F=16/14) were taken as control. Subjects were divided into three groups based on hsCRP levels; group I (healthy: hsCRP≤1.0mg/L), group IIa (patients with mild inflammation: hsCRP≤1.0mg/L), group IIb (patients with moderate to severe inflammation: hsCRP 1.0-10.0mg/L). Overnight fasting blood samples were collected and ChE and hsCRP were assessed using Cholinesterase Liqui-Check and hsCRP turbi-latex diagnostic kits, respectively.

Results: hsCRP and ChE levels were found significantly high in hypertensive patients than in healthy subjects (p<0.05). In patients at mild stage of inflammation, there was an increase in both ChE and hsCRP, but not linearly as they had no significant correlation with each other. But at moderate to severe inflammation stage, there was a linear rise in both hsCRP and ChE levels. SBP, DBP and PP were significantly correlated with both ChE and hsCRP in patients (p<0.01). Moreover, as the SBP was increased from grade I to II, both hsCRP and ChE levels were also increased.

Conclusion: Many factors interplay in propagating inflammatory cascade in ISH and all biomarkers of inflammation may not elevate at same point in time and in linear manner. ChE may act as a marker of low-grade systemic inflammation but its comparison must be tested against a standard marker such as hsCRP in large scale studies for finding its true significance in predicting cardiovascular disease risk.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PECULIARITIES OF WHOOPING COUGH IN CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS
Authors:   Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Infections of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Babachenko I.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Nesterova Y.V. ,   Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Infections of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Skripchenko N.V. ,   Scientific and Research Institute for Children’s Infections of the Russian Federal Biomedical Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: November 2020

Objective of the research: to present the clinical and laboratory peculiarities of modern whooping cough in hospitalized children of different ages. Materials and methods: сlinical and laboratory characteristics of whooping cough were analyzed in 88 hospitalized sick children aged 1 month to 18 years in groups of children: group 1 – children under 1 year old; group 2 – children 1–6 years old; group 3 – children 7–17 years old. DNA of causative agents of pertussis infection was isolated by PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs using a commercial kit AmpliSens®Bordetella multi-FL (Moscow). Results: children of group 1 in 90% (n=43) of cases were not vaccinated against whooping cough, severe forms were recorded in 17% (n=8) of children of the 1st year of life, and in 15% (n=7) – due to respiratory rhythm disturbances. The diagnosis was confirmed by PCR in 94% (n=45) of children, leukocytosis with lymphocytosis was detected in 81,5% (n=101). Along with hematological changes typical for whooping cough, 79% (n=38) of patients in the first year of life had thrombocytosis (>400×109/l), which was most pronounced in severe disease course 511,5 [425; 568,5]×109/l vs 421 [347; 505,5]×109/l; p<0,05, which has no tendency to decrease throughout the entire observation period and correlates with the level of leukocytes (rs=0,69; p<0,001). Patients over 7 years old in 88% (n=21) of cases were vaccinated against whooping cough, but 79% (n=27) hemograms had no characteristic changes, which, along with a low frequency of confirmation of the diagnosis by PCR 22% (n=4), made it difficult to diagnose whooping cough. Conclusion: children over 7 years of age may not have characteristic hematological changes and PCR diagnostics are insufficiently effective, which contributes to the spread of whooping cough in family foci.
Community multiscale air quality (CMAQ) modeling of the atmospheric quality and pollutant deposition over the Terrace-Kitimat Valley of northwestern British Columbia, Canada
Authors:   , Onwukwe Chibuike
Published: November 2020

Tracking the effects of air pollution from industries is important for developing management strategies under changing emissions. However, computational tools for air pollution assessment often do not elucidate modeling uncertainty, making it difficult for environmental policy-makers to know how much confidence to put in model results, which also hampers aspects that may need improving. This study examined how the WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ modeling system with various planetary boundary-layer (PBL) schemes and atmospheric datasets mimics the local meteorology, air quality and acidic deposition at 1 km horizontal resolution over the industrializing Terrace-Kitimat Valley of northwestern British Columbia. Quantitative and qualitative correspondence of model outputs with observational data varied with station location, the nature of pollutant emissions, and quantity of chemical species. Valid model outputs were used to delineate present compliance with objectives on ambient fine particulate matter, and baseline exceedance of critical loads of sulfur and nitrogen deposition for the forest ecosystem. Spatial impacts of anticipated industrial emissions on the environment were also assessed. An additional 15 tonnes day-1 permissible SO2 emission from an aluminum smelter in Kitimat was projected to result in 50–88 % increase in aerial exceedance of the limit for protection of lichen, and 37–67 % increase in spatial exceedance of acidic deposition to soils. Cumulatively, 16–18 km2 of plant habitat, and 10–11 km2 of soil in an area contiguous with the smelter site will likely be damaged by its SO2 emission under the latest regulation. Should two Liquefied Natural Gas projects commence operations, cumulative NOx concentrations are expected to remain below harmful levels, while pre-existing areal exceedance of nitrogen deposition will barely increase (0–1 km2). An additional 4 km2 area will be exposed to SO2 concentrationsiii that are directly harmful to vegetation, while 13–14 km2 total area with an average of 29.7–35.0 kg ha-1 yr-1 excess sulfur deposition was estimated. These projections assumed all future emissions of NOx, SO2 and other air pollutants will be from elevated point sources.
Diskrétní simulace v konceptu Industry 4.0
Authors: Malaga Miroslav , Ulrych Zdeněk
Published: November 2020

Příspěvek je rešerší článků, zveřejněných hlavně v databázích Web of Science (WoS) a Scopus, zaměřených na 5 hlavních témat, a to: 1. Vliv detailnosti modelu na výsledky simulace 2. Optimalizace plánování výroby s ohledem na využití energie a přírodních zdrojů 3. Plánování výroby pomocí simulačního modelu v kontextu Industry 4.0 resp. 5.0 4. Metodika přístupu k tvorbě simulačního modelu v kontextu Industry 4.0 a využití simulačních modelů 5. Koncept Industry 5.0 Tato témata jsou zvolena s ohledem na možný budoucí výzkum a nutností zorientovat se v aktuálním vývoji konceptu Industry 4.0 ve spojitosti se simulacemi, plánováním a optimalizací. Koncept Industry 5.0 je zvolen kvůli možnému vysledování nových trendů. Databáze Web of Science a Scopus byly pro vyhledávání článků pro rešerši zvoleny na základě uznávání článku v těchto databázích českými univerzitami.
Key Skills in Business Communication - Persuasion
Authors: Ciortescu Elena
Published: November 2020

While public speaking has been acknowledged as art due to the power it exerts in affecting people’s attitudes and beliefs, the relevance of the ability to persuade goes well beyond the area of oral communication. People need to persuade their peers on both personal and professional matters. Consequently, if we refer to the area we are particularly interested in, i.e. business, we may assume that persuasion is undoubtedly among the skills that students need to acquire in order to cope with the challenges which occur in various professional (and not only) contexts. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to explore the areas which require the use of persuasive strategies and to discuss the means by which business students could be enabled to acquire the ability to successfully use them. In the first part of the paper, the main theoretical aspects related to communication, business communication and persuasion will be discussed. In the second part of the paper, some strategies for developing persuasion skills among business students will be identified. Finally, conclusions on the best practices in dealing with persuasion in Business communication classes will be drawn.
Guidelines of Nippon economic thinking in the period after the Second World War
Authors: Mihut Marius-Ioan
Published: November 2020

After the Second World War, Japan knew significantly accelerated economic development. This process was influenced by a series of factors such as the economic system’s opening, the introduction of innovation and technology, the investment in equipment, or the democratization of economy and politics. The doctrine of Nipponism is based on certain fundamental pillars. We mention three of the main theories, whose essential elements are described within this paper: technocracy theory, central management theory, and information society theory. These theories are approached both from a historical point of view and through the leading promoters’ prism and the defining elements that compose the particular theory.
Mandate and representation
Authors: Tulai Dana-Lucia
Published: November 2020

The mandate contract, although it bears similarities to other types of conventions and legal institutions, is unequivocally different in its specific features. In our article, we shall try to distinguish the mandate from representation, a legal institution with which it shares similarities that have generated doctrinal discussions. We believe that the usefulness of this approach is justified all the more since representation has received its own legal regulation under the new Romanian Civil Code, for the first time in our civil law. The conclusion of our study is that representation is not the essence of the mandate, but only characterizes its nature, since there is mandate without representation, as well as representation without mandate.
¿De quién es la topografía? el plan cartográfico de la dirección de minas, geología e hidrología
Authors: Mazzitelli Masticchio Malena
Published: November 2020

Durante el siglo XX existieron en Argentina dos planes cartográficos, uno correspondiente al Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM) y el otro al de la Dirección de Minas Geología e Hidrología (DMGeH). Aunque se buscó evitar superposiciones y realizar un trabajo conjunto de provecho para ambas reparticiones, lo cierto es que la política cartográfica encarnada en el IGM terminó por centralizar y homogenizar la representación topográfica, en desmedro de algunos criterios específicos de la DGMeH. Este trabajo pretende, por un lado, echar luz sobre el plan cartográfico de la DMGeH, y, por el otro, analizar cuáles fueron las implicancias que tuvo la centralización de la cartografía para la producción de hojas topográficas de la Dirección. Presentamos primero la historia de la Dirección para visualizar cómo se fue centralizando en esa oficina pública el relevamiento topográfico; en segundo lugar, nos focalizamos en el plan de la Dirección, y, por último, en las consecuencias que tuvo la ley de la Carta en la representación topográfica. Metodológicamente se trabajó con fuentes cartográficas y escritos de las instituciones analizadas
El gobierno de Raúl Alfonsín y el Poder Judicial según La Nación y Clarín (1986)
Authors: Díaz Juan Francisco , López José Ignacio
Published: November 2020

En el artículo se analiza cómo los diarios La Nación y Clarín interpelaron a través de sus editoriales al Poder Judicial durante 1986. Para esto, se aborda el tratamiento conjunto de los matutinos respecto a la discusión sobre la creación de nuevos órganos judiciales, las sentencias sobre haberes de jubilados y el defectuoso funcionamiento de empresas estatales. Asimismo, a partir del tratamiento singular de cada medio, se observa la problemática de los edictos policiales y de la libertad de expresión teniendo en cuenta el fallo «Campillay» de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación.
The efficiency of public procurement in the health sector – the platform on sustainable public finances
Authors: GAVUROVA Beata , KUBAK Matus , MIKESKA Martin
Published: November 2020

At present, public procurement processes and their efficiency represent one of the key determinants of public finance system. Many countries of the European Union work intensively on reforming public procurement processes. The main aim of public procurement is to create an open competition in order to achieve the most efficient use of public funds. The Slovak hospitals, that have been inefficiently managed in the long run, are the weakest segment of the healthcare system. Also, the public hospitals continue to generate substantial losses even if many reforms had been implemented to increase cost efficiency. However, medical debt consolidation did not help the hospitals to set optimal functioning of the economic processes in order to improve their management permanently. The primary aim of the study is to examine an impact of selected determinants on an efficiency of public procurement processes in the healthcare system of the Slovak Republic during the 2014 – 2017. The data were obtained from the registers of the Public Procurement Office of the Slovak Republic. The multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the following findings: in case of zero, or positive savings, the number of offers, year of public procurement, type of public procurement procedure, NUTS level of procurement and participation of a subcontractor in procurement process are significant categorical variables. The study results enable a creation of multi-dimensional analyses and support models in order to make effective public procurement processes in the healthcare system. Similarly, these results enable to create comparative benchmarking analyses, and may lead to a creation of new agencies and institutions.
Asylum seekers and refugees in Austria: public policy and attitudes
Authors: PŘÍVARA Andrej
Published: November 2020

Austria continues to be one of the most attractive countries for asylum seekers among all EU countries. The main objective of this paper is to identify how the current political status of refugees and asylum seekers influences the Austrian economy. This study has shown that oil shocks had highly negative consequences for migrants in Austria. When accessing the Austrian labor market, some of the most striking features that affect the participation of migrants are discrimination based on restricted accessibility to high-wage sectors and pay gaps and discrimination in recruitment. However, the econometric analysis shows that immigration flows have a positive effect on the economic growth of the country. On the other hand, the results showed that there was prejudice and incorrect reporting, which increased the illegalization of asylum seekers. All of these factors create obstacles for immigrants to properly integrate into the labor market. However, the results of the panel data analysis among European countries has shown that the immigration flow has had a positive impact on GDP growth. Labor market conditions for immigrants become crucial from this point of view. It can be concluded that the national asylum policy in Austria was progressively limiting and outweighed Austrian humanitarian interests. A more inclusive policy could contribute to the economic growth of the country.
The relationship between trust in manager and the attitude towards change in the context of an international merger
Authors: Budean Andreea , Pitariu Horia
Published: November 2020

The research literature suggests that organizational change can have both: positive and negative consequences on the members of an organization, but the first to be experienced are always the negative ones. As a result, reactions like resistance to change, negative attitudes towards organizational change and turnover are frequently noted in the change literature. The study at hand examines the employees' reactions in the context of the acquisition of a company by a foreign investor, considering the role of trust in management. Additionaly, we intend to analize the predictive power of each of the three attributes of trustworthiness (ability, benevolence and integrity, according to Mayer et al., 1995) for the attitudes regarding the organization's acquisition and the turnover intention. The results suggest a direct effect of trust in management on attitudes and turnover intention. When the three trustworthiness attributes were simultaneously introduced in a regression analysis, the results proved that ability and integrity were significant predictors of change attitudes, while benevolence showed no predictive power. As it regards the turnover intention, only management's perceived integrity was supported as a significant predictor.
Lay Theories of Workplace Stress – Evidence from a Romanian Exploratory Study
Authors: Macsinga Irina , Trifa Cristina
Published: November 2020

This study aims at investigating Romanian employees’ intuitive beliefs concerning the causes of workplacestress as well as the solutions for reducing it. Another objectives aim to measure the gender differences at the levelof these beliefs and the relation between these beliefs and the tenure. Atotal of 104 employees (50% women) whooccupy various hierarchic levels in different organizations completed a questionnaire derived from the questionsused in Rydstedt, Devereux, & Furnham’s study (2004). The questionnaire contains items for the causes of workplacestress as well as for the solutions for reducing it. Factor analysis provided a solution with 6 factors for causesand 5 factors for solutions. Age difference and conflict, gender differences, and supervisor attitude and job satisfactionare the factors that reveal significant differences between men and women. Also, results show a negativesignificant correlation between the tenure in organization and the factor named excess information and hierarchy.Identifying its own employees’ beliefs regarding stress can contribute to the organizational strategies developmentfor the reduction and control of occupational stress.
Kamu Çalışanlarının Atanmış ve Seçilmiş Yönetici Algıları
Authors: GÜVEN Ahmet
Published: November 2020

Kamu kurumlarının temel görevi kamu yararı kapsamında kamusal mal ve hizmet sunmaktır. Bu görevi kurumlarının başında bulunan atama yada seçim sonucu iş başına gelen yöneticiler önderliğinde kamu çalışanlarıyla gerçekleştirmektedirler. Kamu kurum yöneticilerinin atama yada seçimle belirlenmesi kurum çalışanlarının örgütsel ve bireysel başarıları üzerinde önemli bir etken olarak algılanmaktadır. Özellikle örgütsel bağlılık konusunda yöneticisiyle iyi ilişkiler geliştiren, yönetime katılım imkanları daha fazla olan kurum çalışanlarının hem örgütsel bağlılıklarının hem de kurumsal performanslarının daha yüksek olacağı beklenmektedir. Hazırlanan bu çalışmada atamayla ve seçimle iş başına gelen kamu yöneticilerinin kurumlarında sergiledikleri davranışlarının çalışanlarının performansına ve örgütsel bağlılığı üzerine etkisini tespit etmek amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Adana/Kozan ilçesinde görev yapan belediye ve kaymakamlık personelinin kurum amirlerinin davranış kalıplarını değerlendirmesi ve çalışanların bu davranış kalıplarından dolayı örgütsel bağlılık ve performansları üzerinde ne gibi etkiler ortaya çıkardığı gerçekleştirilen bir alan araştırmasıyla saptanmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Microbiota intestinal e câncer colorretal: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: De Paula Luiza Miranda Marinho , Guimarães Aléxia Sousa , Dos Reis Ana Carolina Ramalho , Lima Eliseu Gabriel Santos , De Andrade Italo Matheus Dias , Rosa Matheus Naves , Martins Thaís Ruela , Alves Thamara Carolina Lobo , Sarmento Vitor Azevedo , Lusvarghi Isabella Lopes
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Analisar​ as evidências encontradas nas publicações científicas sobre a associação entre as comunidades bacterianas e o risco de Câncer Colorretal (CCR). Métodos:​ Trata-se​ de uma revisão sistemática de literatura utilizando ensaios clínicos randomizados ou não randomizados obtidos nas bases de dados PubMed​ e EMBASE que​ abordassem o tema sobre microbiota intestinal e câncer colorretal em adultos e idosos,​ publicados entre 2015 e 2020. Resultados:​ Identificou​ que Bifidobacterias​ spp e Lactobacillus spp ​atuam reduzindo o risco de câncer de cólon, Fusobactérias​ nucleatum poderia ser utilizada como um marcador para detecção de CCR e Eubacterium​ ​, Roseburia​ e Fusobacterium​ nucleatum​ possuem ​efeito carcinogênico na região colorretal. Considerações​ Finais: Foi​ analisado que um grupo de bactérias está consistentemente associado ao câncer colorretal, destacando-se biomarcadores promissores​ para a detecção precoce e não invasiva de neoplasia colorretal,​ tornando-se possível iniciar o tratamento em estágios iniciais, diminuindo a morbimortalidade. Além da identificação de colônias bacterianas capazes de reduzir o risco de câncer de cólon, melhorar o tratamento e a recuperação no pós-operatório.​