bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate of Exception: What Might a ‘Climate Emergency’ Mean in Law?
Authors: Lindsay Bruce
Published: January 2018

Human-induced climate change is an issue of unparalleled scale and gravity. There are calls for rapid, dramatic action on this issue, including declaration of a ‘climate emergency’. While this term has been used as a political call to action, the phrase has an obvious legal tenor. It invokes a particular category of state conduct – the ‘state of emergency’. What this article is concerned to do is to explore how a ‘climate emergency’ might assume a legal character and whether ‘climate emergency’ laws could sustain constitutional legitimacy in the Australian context. At present ‘mainstream’ political opinion in Australia, as represented by either the Labor or Coalition Parties, clearly does not favour such a course of action. Yet legal analysis of the concept is not intended as entirely speculative. If a ‘climate emergency’ – or policies intended to pursue comparably rapid social and economic change – is to be posed seriously, the term needs to be subject to critical analysis. This article hopes to contribute to that task.
Personal Insolvency in Australia: An Increasingly Middle Class Phenomenon
Authors: Ramsay Ian , Sim Cameron
Published: January 2018

In 2009, Australia experienced a record ‘high’ of 36 487 personal insolvencies. The magnitude of this figure, which represents all bankruptcies, debt agreements, and personal insolvency agreements in that financial year, is augmented when placed in the context of the 300 per cent increase seen in the number of Australian personal insolvencies between 1990 and 2009. This growth far exceeded the 28 per cent increase in the Australian population during that period. It is indisputable that personal insolvency is affecting a growing number of Australians.
Apprehended Bias in Australian Administrative Law
Authors: Griffiths John
Published: January 2018

Although the basic test for apprehended bias is now well-established in Australian law, its application continues to present difficulties. The basic test is whether a fair-minded lay observer with knowledge of the material objective facts might reasonably apprehend that the judicial or administrative decision-maker might not bring an impartial and unprejudiced mind to the resolution of the question at hand. It is equally well-established that, while the same objective test applies to judges as to tribunal members and other public decision-makers, the application and content of that test varies depending on the context, including differences in decision-making roles, functions, powers and processes.

The application of the test can be problematic and somewhat unpredictable. For example, despite the unqualified terms of the relevant parts of the High Court’s decision in Ebner, it now appears that, at least in the context of curial decision-making, the Ebner two-step test is not universal in its application.
Re-Thinking the Separation of Powers
Authors: McMillan John
Published: January 2018

Constitutional theory and doctrine are important to our understanding and experience of government. No description of Australian government is complete without reference to representative democracy, responsible government, separation of powers and the rule of law. Those and other theories also have substantial practical impact. Courts refer to them in developing legal principle and deciding cases. Legislators are reminded of them in framing laws. They structure transactions between the different institutions of government. The community is also influenced by them in evaluating the performance of the institutions of government.

The most important doctrine in analysing government legal accountability is the separation of powers. The essence of the doctrine is that parliament makes law, the executive administers it and the judiciary – in the context of adjudicating individual disputes – decides whether the law has been correctly construed and applied. This three-way division of functions avoids the undue concentration of power in any one branch of government, enables each branch to counterbalance the others, and ensures that legal disputes about government power are conclusively resolved by an independent judiciary.
IMPACT OF ZOLEDRONATE BISPHOSPHONATE GEL IN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL ON THE INCREASE OF OSTEOCLAST APOPTOSIS
Authors: Parlina Carolin , Purwaningsih Erni H , Jusuf Ahmad Aulia , Widayati Retno
Published: January 2018

Objective: This study aimed to show the impact of the ZOL in VCO gel (Ge-ZOL) on the extent of osteoclasts apoptosis.Methods: The study used 27 Sprague-Dawley rats which were divided into three groups: Nine rats in the experimental group were given 40 µg of Ge-ZOL, nine rats in the control group were given VCO emulsion gel without ZOL (Ge-), and nine rats in the normal group were not given any treatment. The gel was applied to the buccal mucosa using a cotton bud for 2 min at hour of 0, 4, and 8 on days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. The rats were sacrificed on days 1, 3, and 5, and then, evaluated by immunohistochemical caspase-3 staining.Result: The number of apoptotic osteoclast cells in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control and normal groups (p<0.05). The number of apoptotic osteoclast cells in the experimental group on the day 1 was significantly higher than on the days 3 and 5 (p<0.001).Conclusion: The application of Ge-ZOL to the buccal mucosa proven to improve the number of apoptotic osteoclast cells in the experimental group on the day 1, and this number was higher than on the days 3 and 5.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE DEGREE OF GINGIVAL INFLAMMATION AND 25-HYDROXY VITAMIN D STATUS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Fernando Robert , C Masulili Sri Lelyati , Lessang Robert , Kusdhany Indawati S
Published: January 2018

Objective: To evaluate the association of the degree of gingival inflammation and 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25(OH)D) level in postmenopausal women.Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 71 postmenopausal women. Data were obtained using questionnaires, clinical periodontal examinations, and evaluations of blood samples. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were determined using human 25-dihydroxy Vitamin D ELISA kit.Result: Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among postmenopausal women was 74.64%. The papillary bleeding index (PBI) was lower (1.07±0.18) in postmenopausal women with normal serum 25(OH)D levels than that in postmenopausal women with Vitamin D deficiency (1.41±0.1). However, this difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05). This result indicated increasing trends in PBI.Conclusion: There is no association between the degree of gingival inflammation and the 25(OH)D status among postmenopausal women.
A LOW-DOSE LASER (DIODE LASER) APPLICATION REDUCES POCKET PERIODONTAL DEPTH AND CLINICAL ATTACHMENT LOSS
Authors: Lessang Robert , Soeroso Yuniarti , Juanda Albert , Kuswandani Sandra Olivia
Published: January 2018

Objective: The initial therapy for chronic periodontitis is scaling and root planing (SRP), followed by non-surgical and surgical therapy. Recently, low-dose laser therapy was mentioned as an adjunctive therapy for periodontitis. This study aims to analyze the effect of degranulation using a low-dose laser (diode laser) after SRP for chronic periodontitis treatment with an attachment loss of ≤5 mm compared to SRP alone.Methods: A split-mouth design of in 158 tooth surfaces divided into two groups. The first group was treated with a low-dose laser (diode laser) after SRP, while the second group was treated with SRP only. Bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were all examined at baseline and 35 days later.Results: The results were statistically significant differences between the two groups were indicated in terms of PPD (p=0.000) and CAL (p=0.040). No significant difference was identified in terms of BOP.Conclusion: The application of a low-dose laser (diode laser) is effective in reducing PPD and CAL as an adjunct therapy in chronic periodontitis treatment.
CORRELATION BETWEEN WONG-BAKER FACES PAIN SCALE AND SALIVARY ALPHA-AMYLASE LEVEL IN CHILDREN AGED 6–11 YEARS
Authors: Anggraeni Hastin Dian , Suharsini Margaretha , Indiarti Ike Siti , Yumasdhika Faraghea
Published: January 2018

Objective: Several studies have tried to objectively assess pain measurements. The Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale (WBFPS) is an instrument that is commonly used to assess pain intensity in children. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the WBFPS and salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) level during a tooth extraction procedure with a local anesthetic injection in children aged 6–11 years.Methods: Twenty-five children aged 6–11 years who were to undergo the extraction of a primary tooth at the Dental and Oral Educational Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia, were enrolled in this study. From all children, saliva was collected using a disposable saliva strip shortly after local anesthetic injection, and the SAA activity was then determined using a portable Nipro Cocoro Meter device. The WBFPS was measured at the same time. The correlation between the WBFPS and the SAA level was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test. The statistically significant level was set at p≤0.05.Results: There was a significant correlation between the WBFPS and SAA level (p=0.002, r=0.581).Conclusion: Our data suggest that the SAA level might be a good index for objective pain intensity assessment.
SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF RESTORATIVE PARTICULATE RESIN COMPOSITE WITH A SHORT FIBER-REINFORCED RESIN COMPOSITE SUBSTRUCTURE
Authors: Herda Ellyza , . Nabila , Irawan Bambang
Published: January 2018

Objective: This study aimed to identify the shear bond strength of two different restorative particulate resin composites with a short fiber-reinforced resin composite (SFRC) substructure.Methods: Two restorative particulate resin composites, G-aenial PosteriorTM (Group A, 10 specimens) and Tetric N-Ceramtm (Group B, 10 specimens), were used as an upper layer of everX posteriorTM, an SFRC. A shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine with a load of 100 kgf and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed statistically using the independent samples t-test.Results: The mean shear bond strength values were found to be18.64±1.5 MPa (Group A) and 22.05±1.8 MPa (Group B). A significant difference in shear bond strength between the two groups was found.Conclusion: The shear bond strength value is higher in the Tetric N-CeramTM restorative particulate resin composite with SFRC as a substructure than the G-aenial PosteriorTM restorative particulate resin composite.
FORMULATION OPTIMIZATION OF PROMETHAZINE THEOCLATE IMMEDIATE RELEASE PELLETS BY USING EXTRUSION-SPHERONIZATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: S. Shelar Vishwas , V. Shirolkar Satish , N. Kale Rupali
Published: January 2018

Objective: Promethazine theoclate is a BCS Class II drug having anti-histaminic property and mainly used for the treatment of motion sickness and postoperative emesis. The main objective of the research work was to formulate and optimize immediate release pellets of promethazine theoclate by using the extrusion-spheronization technique to offer immediate release dosage form suitable for treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness and post-operative conditions.Methods: Immediate release pellets of promethazine theoclate were prepared by using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and corn starch as filler and disintegrant respectively along with other excipients. Pellet formulation was further optimized for bulk density, disintegration time and percent drug release after 10 min. using 32 factorial design. Formulations were also characterized for drug-polymer interactions using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), surface morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and other physicochemical properties.Results: Optimised pellet formulation contains 2.5:4.5:1 ratio of MCC: Corn Starch: Drug and spheronization time of 60 seconds showing highest percent yield of 78% and immediate drug release of 100.52±0.65% after 10 min.Conclusion: Promethazine theoclate pellets formulated in this study can serve as an alternative to tablet dosage form which can give immediate drug release for treatment of motion sickness and postoperative emesis.
SCREENING AND OPTIMIZATION OF VALACYCLOVIR NIOSOMES BY DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Sp Surya Teja , M. Mothilal , N Damodharan , D Jaison
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to perform a screening, optimization of valacyclovir niosomal formulation to achieve a sustained release of drug using the design of experiments by 32 full factorial design.Methods: Valacyclovir loaded niosomes were prepared using thin film hydration method by varying the ratio of Span 60 and Cholesterol. The prepared niosomes were evaluated for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, cumulative drug release, fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential and surface morphology by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).Results: The valacyclovir was successfully encapsulated and its entrapment efficiency ranged from 36.70 % to 50.62 %. The average vesicle size of the niosomes was found to be 431 to 623 nm. At 8th hour the drug release varied from 77.50% to 96.31 %. The optimized niosomes were multilamellar with a surface charge potential of about-43.2 mV. The studies revealed that the interaction of cholesterol and surfactant had a substantial effect on vesicle size, entrapment efficiency and drug release from the niosomes. The release kinetics of the optimized niosomes followed zero order kinetics with fickian diffusion controlled mechanism. The stability studies were performed for the optimized formulation and found that the formulation is stable at 4°C ± 2°C.Conclusion: Model equations were developed for the responses. No significant difference was observed between the predicted and observed value, showing that the developed model is reliable.
Optimal Design for Conventional Wastewater Treatment Systems using a Computing Language MATLAB R2012a
Authors:   Water Management and Hydrological Science, Texas A&M University, USA, Bhatia Nikhil , Sailo Lalsangzela ,   Dept. of Civil Engineering, Mizoram University, MZU, Mizoram
Published: January 2018

In the present scenario of rapid urbanization, the demand for wastewater treatment is continuously increasing. The majority of research in the field of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is focusing on its modeling part. The design of WWTP is developed using professional quality software packages which incorporate the fundamental concepts with the key engineering principles. With the aim to obtain an optimal design, in this study a novel Decision Support System (DSS) is developed for the preliminary units integrating screening chamber, grit chamber and equalization tank with primary sedimentation tank as the primary process and activated sludge process, trickling filter and rotating biological contactor as different types of the secondary units of Wastewater Treatment System using a computing language MATLAB R2012a. DSS is a comprehensive and user-friendly program which could incorporate most of the theoretical and practical constraints. One of the major concerns of DSS is the dimension constraint for the design and operation of WWTP. DSS incorporates miscellaneous mathematical functions and the code to develop a user-desired design. The applicability of the DSS model is illustrated through the various design problems. The design developed will support the future growth and development of the cost optimization models for WWTP.
”Du skal virkelig have styr på dig selv” – en analyse af fængselsbetjentes følelsesarbejde
Authors: Raaby Andersen Dorte
Published: January 2018

Fængselsbetjente er med til at varetage Kriminalforsorgens hovedopgave nemlig at udøve straf og kontrol samt støtte og motivere til en kriminalitetsfri tilværelse. På baggrund af observation af arbejdet og interviews med fængselsbetjente i et dansk lukket fængsel præsenterer artiklen en analyse af følelsesmæssige krav og dilemmaer i fængselsbetjentes arbejde. Artiklen viser, hvordan betjente udtrykker følelser professionaliseret, under de rette omstændigheder og i den rette dosis for at efterleve humane og pønale hensyn. Det fremstår både nødvendigt og farligt at udtrykke både venlighed og vrede, ligesom det er afgørende at kunne undertrykke frygt. Artiklen diskuterer desuden de særlige følelsesmæssige dilemmaer, der udspringer af fængslets dobbelte funktion og selvmodsigende karakter. De modstridende rammer og opgaver betyder, at betjentene må være i stand til at kunne træde ind og ud af forskellige roller og gå ind og ud af forskellige følelser og følelsesudtryk. Betjentene må udvikle relationer til indsatte, som hverken er for fjerne eller for nære, ligesom de hverken må være for rigide eller for fleksible i forhold til regelhåndhævelse. Analysen viser desuden en stærk uformel social kontrol blandt kolleger. Betjente må ikke blot søge at kontrollere det indtryk, de giver indsatte, men også hvordan de virker på deres kolleger. Denne sociale kontrol tydeliggør det følelsesmæssig pres og dilemmaer, som betjente må håndtere for at udføre jobbet på den rette måde.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Dorte Raaby Andersen: ”You Should Really Get a Hold of Yourself”: An Analysis of Prison Officers’ Emotional Work

This article presents a qualitative analysis of the emotional demands and dilemmas of prison work. Based on fieldwork in a Danish closed prison and interviews with prison officers, I analyze how prison officers manage their own emotions as well as those of prisoners. Emotions are not freely expressed in prisons. Prison officers must express and suppress different emotions as a part of their job to meet organizational norms. The article shows how prison officers must establish a relationship with prisoners to make the prison run smoothly. It shows that they have to balance between contradictory goals and different dilemmas, and that they must take a lot of reservations on a daily basis. They must be friendly, but not too friendly, flexible but not too flexible. Furthermore, the article stresses that prison officers must not only control the impression they give to prisoners, but at the same time they must be aware of how they perform in front of colleagues.

Keywords: prison work, emotions, dilemmas, social control.
Sociale kompetencer, selvarbejde og det sociale arbejdes alligevel omsorgsfulde praksis
Authors: Qvotrup Jensen Sune
Published: January 2018

Artiklen analyserer den stigende interesse for sociale kompetencer i lyset af et etnografisk feltarbejde på en daghøjskole i en større dansk provinsby. Den overordnede forskningsstrategi er adaptiv, idet den søger at fremanalysere såvel muligheder som problemer ved det teoretiske afsæt. Der tages udgangspunkt i teorier om governmentality, teorier om en ny form for kapitalisme samt et kritisk magtperspektiv på socialt arbejde. I tillæg hertil udfoldes begrebet om selvarbejde, som udgør et forsøg på at begribe det arbejde på og med selvet, der foregik på daghøjskolen. Analysen viser, at det er muligt at skelne mellem intrasubjektivt og intersubjektivt selvarbejde. Derpå diskuteres det empiriske materiale i forhold til artiklens teoretiske afsæt. Det vises, at selvarbejdet til en vis grad har karakter af governmental styring, men at der samtidig indgår et omsorgsmoment, som vanskelig kan begribes ud fra magtkritiske perspektiver, ligesom relationerne mellem socialarbejdere og kursister i nogen grad var præget af rummelighed og ligeværdige relationer. På denne baggrund diskuteres om selvarbejdet også kan forstås som et bidrag til kvalificering af socialt nødstedte mennesker hverdagsliv.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Sune Qvotrup Jensen: Social Competences, Self-Work, and Social Work’s Caring Practice

This article analyses the growing interest in social skills and is based on eth-nographic field work at a daghøjskole (day institution for people with social problems) in a small Danish town. The overall research strategy is adaptive, as it attempts to clarify both the potentials and the problems of the theoretical approaches. The theoretical points of departure are theories of governmentality, theories of new capitalism as well as a power critical perspective of social work. In addition a concept of ”self-work” is developed in an attempt to grasp the work on and with the self that the service users did at the daghøjskole. The analysis shows that it is possible to distinguish between intra-subjective and intersubjective self-work. Then the empirical material is analyzed in relation to the theoretical points of departure. The analysis shows that self-work can in part be characterized as neoliberal conduct of conduct but there are also elements of care in the social work that are difficult to grasp within a power critical perspective. Furthermore the relation between social workers and social service users were characterized by inclusion and symmetry. The article then discusses whether self-work can also be understood as a contribution to qualifying the everyday life of socially vulnerable citizens.

Keywords: social skills, power, care, self-work, social work, the self.
Optegninger af følelser i det militære ledelsesrum – inddragelse og unddragelse
Authors: Heltberg Therese
Published: January 2018

Denne artikel omhandler optegninger af følelser i det militære ledelsesrum. Gennem en iagttagelse af tre udvalgte, empiriske case-temaer viser artiklen en udspænding imellem fordringer om at besidde og anvende emotionelle kompetencer i det militære ledelsesvirke og muligheder for at unddrage sig disse fordringer. Artiklen undersøger blandt andet, hvordan udvalgte ledelsesteknologier indgår i og bidrager til optegningerne.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Therese Heltberg: Emotions in Military Leadership

This article considers enactments of emotions in military leadership and command. It is based on three cases. The article points to some of the emotional demands on the military leader. It also demonstrates how military doctrines and procedures may enable a contextual suspension of these emotional demands.

Keywords: military leadership, emotion work, feeling rules, emotional intelligence, management technologies.
Optimasi Laju Injeksi Pada Sumur Kandidat Convert to Injection (CTI) di Area X Lapangan Y
Authors: Erfando Tomi , Rita Novia , Marliaty Toety
Published: January 2018

Area X merupakan bagian dari lapangan Y saat ini mengalami dalam kurun waktu 16 tahun terakhir penurunan laju alir produksi sebesar 64.4%. Diperlukan upaya untuk meningkat laju alir produksi minyak dan recovery factor dari area tersebut, upaya yang akan dilakukan adalah injeksi air atau waterflood dengan mengubah salah satu sumur produksi menjadi sumur injeksi (convert to injection). Penentuan kandidat sumur convert to injection (CTI) berdasarkan kondisi laju alir produksi, jarak antara sumur kandidat dan sumur produksi, serta korelasi antar sumur. Untuk memperoleh hasil yang optimal akan dibuat beberapa skenario yang akan disimulasikan dengan parameter rate injeksi dan penambahan perforasi. Penentuan rate injeksi dilakukan dengan uji sensitivitas terlebih dahulu dan memperhatikan tekanan fracture dari tiap lapisan. Penambahan perforasi dengan melihat korelasi dari data log yang ada sehingga sumur CTI dapat memberikan peningkatan terhadap sumur produksi. Hasil simulasi yang paling optimal dari skenario yang direncanakan diperoleh penambahan produksi sebesar 800 MSTB dan recovery factor sebesar 12.9%.
Historiografy on the stroke of politics: Case of Antony Farcic
Authors: Bozic Sofija
Published: January 2018

The paper discusses the response of Antoni Farcic to the attempt of Croatian
students in the ?Slobodna Dalmacija? newspaper to discard as unscientific and
chauvinistic his article Serbs and Navy, previously published in the
?Republic? newspaper (1953). Farcic?s answer, which the press did not
publish, denying him the right to defense, contains extensive material that
shows that he wrote on the basis of the original material and relevant
scientific literature, in no way departing from the principles of historical
methodology.
Katastich of the Hilandar Monastery (№. 522) as a source for the history of the Hilandar Monastery in the first part of 17th century
Authors: Puzovic Ljiljana
Published: January 2018

Katastich ?. 522 is the manuscript in which the monks of the Serbian
monastery of Hilandar at Mount Athos recorded the names of contributors and
types of contributions collected through pisaniya from 1619 in the regions of
Kicevo, Porece and Gornji Polog. This book was written on paper, in the
Serbian Church Slavonic, using the cursive of 17th Century. There aren?t any
information about the book or the monks who had worn it in pisaniya, as well
as the mention of abbot who sent then to collect donatives, although that
year Abbot Philip took the spiritual seniority of the Hilandar Monastery. So,
in addition to efforts to pay a debts, Hilandar?s monks began a comprehensive
campain to raise funds for renovation of the monastery complex. In order to
facilitate completion of initiated activities, a group of monks arrived in
the region of Kicava, from where they went on a tour of the surrounding
villages. In addition to the settlements in Kicava, they stayed in the region
of Porece, Treska River Basin, and the villages of Gornji Polog (around
today?s Gostivar). They visited two monasteries and 141 villages and hamlets.
Some of them, like Cer, Prostranje and Tuin, they visited several times. Many
villages in these region were Hilandar?s seigniory, before Ottoman conquest.
A large turnout for collecting donations in Pisaniya testifies about
preserved awareness of the importance of Hilandar. These regions
distinguished well-preserved parish network, with 78 times referred to the
priesthood. Most contributions were obtained on administration at feast, and
the glories of the rural village fair, which recorded 18 times in Katastich
?. 522. Data recorded in this are very important for the study of social,
cultural and church life of Orthodox people under Ottoman rule.
Words of foreign origin in the poem Dervis by Stijepo Djurdjevic
Authors: Arezina Mirjana
Published: January 2018

The poem Dervis by Stijepo Djurdjevic, the first humorous poem in Ragusan
literature, contains many foreign words, which meaning one should know in
order to understand the poem. A manuscript of Muzafer Sulejmanovic Strane
rijeci u spevu Stijepa Djordjica, which is preserved in the National Library of
Serbia (Legacy of Petar Kolendic - PKLR 2/118), contains a list of all
foreign words from the poem, together with their interpretation and origin.
The paper analyzes a content of the manuscript.
Demystifying probabilistic linkage
Authors: Doidge James C , Harron Katie
Published: January 2018

Many of the distinctions made between probabilistic and deterministic linkage are misleading. While these two approaches to record linkage operate in different ways and can produce different outputs, the distinctions between them are more a result of how they are implemented than because of any intrinsic differences. In the way they are generally applied, probabilistic and deterministic procedures can be little more than alternative means to similar ends—or they can arrive at very different ends depending on choices that are made during implementation. Misconceptions about probabilistic linkage contribute to reluctance for implementing it and mistrust of its outputs. By examining some common misconceptions about probabilistic linkage and its difference from deterministic linkage, we highlight the potential impact of design choices on the outputs of either approach. We hope that better understanding of linkage designs will help to allay some concerns about probabilistic linkage, and will help data linkers to tailor either procedure to produce outputs that are appropriate for their intended use.
Primary school games and play as inclusive/exclusive situations
Authors: Varea Valeria , Ndhlovu Sithembile
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore how primary school children include or exclude their peers in play. Two primary schools in Armidale, New South Wales, Australia, participated in this project. Observations and interactional interviews were used to collect data, and a content analysis approach was used for data analysis. Results suggest that participants employed various strategies to exclude some of their peers from play. It was also established that exclusion may be utilised for purposes of establishing or maintaining friendships among children. Findings of this study have implications on the strategies adopted by adults seeking to promote inclusion in children’s play.
Causes of differences in the uptake of cardiac implantation electronic devices in Slovenia in comparison to other countries
Authors: Prevolnik Rupel Valentina , Erker Renata , Divjak Marko
Published: January 2018

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to analyse and present the causes of the differences in crude utilization rate in cardiac implantation electronic devices, specifically pacemakers and automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, across 5 European countries, with a specific emphasis on Slovenia.

Methods

Based on the results of the analysis of the uptake of cardiac implantation electronic devices across countries studied in MedtecHTA project, the targeted interviews were conducted to explain the factors that impact the differences and explain data in Slovenia.

Results

The reasons for the differences in crude utilization rate across 5 European countries were multiple: the first group of differences refers to the coding system and linkages between coding and financing of health care. The second group of reasons can be qualitatively ascribed to the economic situation, financial situation in health care, and its impact on decision-making. The last reason is the non-existence of the golden rule for optimal crude utilisation rate.

Conclusions

It is evident that the differences in the uptake of cardiac implantation electronic devices among the countries are of organisational nature: they refer to the system of coding, the importance attached to correct coding practices, the link between coding and financing of health care as well as the availability of private clinics and private insurance. According to the interviews, the economic development of the country also impacts those differences, whereas the differences in clinical practice and guidelines are claimed not to play a role in the explanation of the differences.
Group Decision Support System (GDSS) Untuk Evaluasi Penawaran Pekerjaan Konstruksi Menggunakan Metode AHP dan Borda
Authors: Ogiana Gede , Wirastuti Ni Made Ary Esta Dewi , Ariastina Wayan Gede
Published: January 2018

Evaluation of bids by WG ULP has an important role in the selection of providers of construction work to determine the potential winner. A group decision support system is a system that can help the Working Group ULP Bali provincial government in making decisions with the ability to analyze the construction work provider selection criteria with AHP and Borda method. With GDSS bid evaluation, all members of the Working Group can evaluate the ULP provider offering construction work optimally based on the criteria of administrative, technical prices so as to improve the quality of the repair process of group decision-making. Both methods are used because there are two stages in the decision-making that decision of individual and group decision. The test results show that the system can be applied GDSS as decision support systems in the bid evaluation provider of construction work and decided the company's most worthy to be a winner
Analisa Pengaruh Pemasangan Distributed Generation Terhadap Profil Tegangan Pada Penyulang Abang Karangasem
Authors: Artawa I Nyoman Cita , Sukerayasa I Wayan , Dwi Giriantari Ida Ayu
Published: January 2018

Salah satu teknik untuk memperbaiki jatuh tegangan adalah dengan pemasangan (DG) Distributed Generation. Salah satu teknologi Distributed Generation yang ada di Bali adalah PLTS Kubu Karangasem merupakan jenis pembangkit listrik dengan skala kecil yang memanfaatkan energy terbarukan untuk menghasilkan energi listrik dengan daya yang dihasilkan 1 MW. Dari hasil analasis menggunakan Load Flow Analysis Voltage Profile diperoleh hasil drop tegangan maksimum saat tidak terhubung DG sebesar 13,23 % dan saat terhubung DG diperoleh drop tegangan sebesar 10,85%. Dengan adanya interkoneksi DG pada Penyulang Abang maka terjadi penurunan rugi-rugi daya sebesar 10,23 % dari total rugi-rugi daya yang terjadi sebelum terhubung dengan DG pada Penyulang Abang
Analisis Pengaruh Pemasangan Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) terhadap Kedip Tegangan akibat Gangguan Hubung Singkat 3 Fasa pada Penyulang Kampus
Authors: Kusuma Putra I Gusti Agung Alit Teja , Rinas I Wayan , Sudarmojo Yanu Prapto
Published: January 2018

Salah satu gangguan yang timbul dalam pendistribusian tenaga listrik adalah gangguan hubung singkat 3 fasa. Gangguan hubung singkat 3 fasa yang terjadi dalam pendistribusian energi listrik tidak hanya menyebabkan timbulnya arus gangguan yang besar pada fasa-fasa yang mengalami gangguan akan tetapi juga menyebabkan kedip tegangan pada sistem distribusi. Secara umum gangguan kedip tegangan dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan/ kegagalan peralatan dan terganggunya kinerja peralatan pengaman jaringan. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pemasangan Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) terhadap kedip tegangan di Penyulang Kampus, menggunakan software MATLAB-Simulink, dengan gangguan hubung singkat 3 fasa dan 5 variasi beban yaitu dengan persentase beban 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, dan 70% dari total daya trafo distribusi untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemasangan DVR pada setiap beban. Berdasarkan hasil analisis semakin besar persentase beban maka gangguan kedip tegangan juga semakin besar sehingga menyebabkan tegangan fundamental pada setiap fasa menurun. Penurunan tegangan dapat dipulihkan oleh DVR dengan menyuplai tegangan pada setiap fasa yang mengalami penurunan tegangan. DVR menyuplai tegangan hingga menjadi 1 pu pada setiap fasa. Pada persentase beban sebesar 50% DVR menyuplai tegangan sebesar 0,29 pu pada fasa A, 0,24 pu pada fasa B dan 0,29 pu pada fasa C.

[Thurnitin 15% 11 Maret 2017]
AnalisisPenyambungan Distributed Generation Guna Meminimalkan Rugi-Rugi Daya Menggunakan Metode Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
Authors: Margeritha Rosalind Fawnia , Hartati Rukmi Sari , Satriya Utama Ngakan Putu
Published: January 2018

Penyambungan Distributed Generation pada sebuah jaringan distribusi menimbulkan dampak meningkatnya rugi-rugi daya yang diakibatkan lokasi penyambungan DG yang kurang tepat. Salah satu cara yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi rugi-rugi daya adalah penentuan lokasi penyambungan DG yang tepat dengan optimasi. Optimasi lokasi penyambungan DG pada Penyulang Bangli bertujuan untuk meminimalkan rugi-rugi daya pada system distribusi di Penyulang Bangli. Dari hasil aliran daya awal diperoleh nilai rugi-rugi daya pada sistem distribusi Penyulang Bangli sebesar 160,120 kW. Optimasi penyambungan DG ini menggunakan metode Particle Swarm Optimization. Metode PSO ini dipilih karena dapat menghasilkan nilai (hasil) yang lebih stabil sesuai dengan fitness yang dimasukkan.  Hasil  pengaplikasikan metode PSO pada sistem jaringan distribusi Penyulang Bangli, diperoleh lokasi penyambungan DG yang menghasilkan rugi-rugi daya minimum terdapat pada titik 123 (Tembuku 14) dengan rugi-rugi sebesar 108,870kW atau terjadi penurunan rugi-rugi daya sebesar 51,2kW jika dibandingkan  dengan  kondisi  eksisting penyambungan DG dititik 210 (bangklet 1) pada  Penyulang Bangli rugi-ruginya hanya mengalami penurunan sebesar 46,8 kW. Hasil yang didapat dari optimasi penyambungan DG menggunakan metode Particle Swarm Optimization memiliki nilai  penurunan rugi-rugi daya yang lebih besar yaitu sekitar 32%.

 

[TURNITIN CHECK 15%, 27 Maret 2017]
Does FDI promote Economic Growth and Development? Evidence from Latin America and Africa
Authors: Hussen Mohammed Seid
Published: January 2018

This paper is an attempt to analyse and empirically estimate the impact of FDI on economic growth and human development of Africa and Latin American countries for the period 1985â€“2011. To this end we develop two equations: growth and human development. Our findings, based on fixed effect panel regression, thus, suggest that FDI does not have a positive impact on economic growth but it has significant positive impact on human development. We conclude that for FDI to be a noteworthy provider to economic growth, it is important to increase absorption capacity by improving the level of democracy, increasing and improving transport infrastructure and following appropriate economic policies. Our results are found to be robust across approach, model specifications and statistical test.
Agricultural trade liberalisation and price volatility in Bangladesh and Tanzania: a comparative analysis
Authors: Chile Love , Talukder D
Published: January 2018

This paper examines the impacts of agricultural trade liberalisation on the welfare of smallholder farmers in Bangladesh and Tanzania. Using secondary data for the pre and postliberalisation periods for two main agricultural crops from Bangladesh (rice) and Tanzania (maize) we analysed the correlation between domestic and international prices of rice and maize to investigate impacts of agricultural trade liberalisation on price stability/volatility and food security with a view to analysing the economic benefits of trade liberalisation for smallholder farmers. To understand price volatility, we used the Huchet-Bourdon (2011) method to estimate the coefficient of variation of the level of prices (CV) and the corrected coefficient of variation (CCV). We found that the values of both CV and CCV for consumer price in the postliberalisation period were quite large, suggesting greater volatility of consumer price of both crops. We further found that productivity growth did not necessarily lead to income gains for smallholder farmers in either country due to price volatility and the lack of market integration. This study illustrates the contradictory outcomes of agricultural trade liberalisation. We recommend complementary policy interventions to achieve enhanced welfare outcomes from agricultural trade liberalisation.
Dubaiâ€™s socio-economic transformation between 1998 and 2008: the case of a rentier, developmental and competition state hybrid model
Authors: Thompson Paul
Published: January 2018

This article explores the relations between socio-economic development in modern Dubai with reference to a rentier developmental and competition state (RDC) hybrid model. A recent academic study on Dubai has shown that there is a positive correlation between the cityâ€™s rapid socio-economic modernisation or transformation and a multipronged paradigmatic approach to development. Similar to other countries, the semi-autonomous city state of Dubai has used various ecosystems of integrated development plans to dictate the pace and direction of the cityâ€™s development trajectory. The conclusion drawn in this paper is that there is no one path to development; the government of Dubai is cognisant of that and has thus used the capacity and resources of the state to transform the once impoverished and marginalised sheikhdom into a â€˜commoditisedâ€™ prosperous city-corporate entity within a short period of time.
CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING KNOWLEDGE AND UTILISATION AMONG RURAL WOMEN IN IFE EAST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OSUN STATE IN NIGERIA
Authors: Olowokere A.E. , Ojo MI.I.
Published: January 2018

Cervical cancer is a deadly disease claiming the lives of many women in developing countries due to late presentation which might be influenced by a lack of knowledge of the disease and its prevention. This descriptive study examined the knowledge of rural women about cervical cancer and its prevention, and their utilisation of Pap smear screening, using a convenience sample of 426 women in Ife East Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria.
Women voluntarily completed an unstructured questionnaire through trained research assistants. Results showed that women who participated in the study were aware of cervical cancer (77%; n=328) but many (62.9%; n= 268) were unaware of Pap smears as the screening tests for cervical cancer. Although 41.3% (n=176) were knowledgeable about cervical cancer, risk factors and prevention, only 9.4% (n=40) had Pap smear tests done.
Health care professionals, especially community health nurses, need to intensify efforts to increase awareness about cervical cancer screening, and encourage women through the different clinics to use these services. The benefits of screening and early diagnosis of cervical cancer should be emphasized to enhance the utilization of cervical cancer screening services.
PERCEPTIONS OF MOTHERS AND CAREGIVERS REGARDING THE DETECTION AND TREATMENT OF SEVERELY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN IN KANCHELE, KALOMO DISTRICT, ZAMBIA
Authors: Khunga H , Okop K J , Puoane Thandi
Published: January 2018

Each year, malnutrition accounts for about 50% of the deaths of under-fives in developing countries. In Zambia, about 45% of children under the age of five exhibit stunted growth, mainly due to malnutrition. Early detection of cases by health workers and prompt health-seeking practices at household and community levels can improve the identification and management of malnutrition, and prevent unnecessary deaths. The study provides insights into the perceptions of mothers, caregivers, community members and community health workers regarding the detection, referral and health-seeking practices of malnourished children in Kalomo district of Zambia. This was a qualitative study which explored perceptions and challenges of detection and prompt treatment of malnutrition (kwashiorkor and marasmus) in children under five years of age in the community. Focus group discussions using pictographs were conducted with purposely selected mothers and caregivers of children attending immunization clinics in rural health centres in Zambia. In-depth interviews were also conducted with purposely selected grandparents, community health workers and nutrition advisors to validate the findings obtained from focus group discussions. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Malnutrition, particularly marasmus, was linked to HIV infection. Barriers to seeking health care for severely malnourished children included beliefs about causes of malnutrition, failure to link malnutrition to poor feeding practices, distance to health care facilities and lack of free feeding schemes for malnourished children. Mothersâ€™ decisions to seek care for malnourished children were influenced largely by grandparents. Increasing awareness about causes, signs and symptoms of malnutrition in this community is needed to improve detection and treatment of malnourished children.
PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS INFLUENCING GHANAIAN FAMILY CAREGIVERS IN THE POST-OPERATIVE CARE OF THEIR HOSPITALISED PATIENTS
Authors: Aziato Lydia , Adejumo O
Published: January 2018

This study explored the psychosocial factors influencing family caregivers during the care of patients who underwent surgery and are in pain. Family caregivers play key roles in the care of post-surgical patients in different cultures. However, research has not adequately explored family caregiversâ€™ experiences within the post-operative context in Ghana.An exploratory qualitative design was employed. Data collection involved individual interviews. Concurrent content analysis was undertaken and saturation of data was achieved with 12 family caregivers and one key informant. The participants were recruited from the surgical department of a tertiary health facility in Accra, the capital city of Ghana.The study revealed six themes that influenced family caregivers in the care of post-surgical patients: faith, fear, feeling of relief, empathy, commitment and inadequate knowledge. Health professionals should meaningfully integrate and educate family caregivers on patient care and pain management within the post-surgical context.
A First Principles Approach for Partitioning Linear Response Properties into Additive and Cooperative Contributions
Authors: Lambrecht Daniel , Berquist Eric
Published: January 2018

We present a first principles approach for decomposing molecular linear response properties into orthogonal (additive) plus non-orthogonal/cooperative contributions. This approach enables one to 1) identify the contributions of molecular building blocks like functional groups or monomer units to a given response property and 2) quantify cooperativity between these contributions. In analogy to the self consistent field method for molecular interactions, SCF(MI), we term our approach LR(MI). The theory, implementation and pilot data are described in detail in the manuscript and supporting information.
Лексические приметы религиозного стиля русского языка
Authors: Александрович Кретов Алексей
Published: January 2018

Исследование текстов профессора Московской Духовной Академии,Алексея Ильича Осипова объёмом в 159.613 сл/уп позволило установить, что обнаруженные в них 3.325 конфессионализмов составляют 1/3 словника. Предложена классификация конфессионализмов, определена доля и показано примерное наполнение каждого таксона: фидеизмы – 75%, теологизмы – 13%, ортодоксизмы – 8% и церковнославянизмы – 4%. выделенных групп конфессионализмов. Выдвинута идея создания электронного корпуса русских религиозных текстов. Предложены алгоритмы автоматического выделения стилистически окрашенной лексики: декларативный, апостериорный, процедурный и словообразовательный. Намечены перспективы экстенсивной и интенсивной разработки проекта «Живой стилистический словарь» русского языка.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Librelotto Lisiane Ilha , Ferroli Paulo Cesar Machado
Published: January 2018

Editorial
Hubungan Kadar Albumin dan Enrofloksasin dalam Plasma Anjing yang Diterapi Enrofloksasin
Authors: Wijayanti Agustina Dwi , Setiawan Dwi Cahyo Budi
Published: January 2018

Ikatan protein plasma terutama albumin dengan obat merupakan faktor penting yang harus dipertimbangan dalam terapi pada hewan. Hewan sakit umumnya mengalami hipoalbuminemia yang diakibatkan oleh kurangnya asupan nutrisi atau gangguan metabolisme protein pembentukan albumin akibat agen penyakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar albumin pada pasien anjing yang sedang diterapi enrofloksasin dengan kadar enrofloksasin dalam plasma, untuk mengetahui seberapa besar persentase obat bebas yang memiliki nilai terapetik. Sampel darah diambil dari 10 pasien anjing dewasa berbagai ras satu jam setelah injeksi intra muskuler enrofloksasin dosis terapi (10 mg/kg berat badan) dan dimasukkan ke dalam tabung mengandung heparin. Sebagai pembanding juga dilakukan sampling darah terhadap 5 ekor anjing dewasa sehat berbagai ras untuk melihat kadar albumin dan kadar obat secara in vitro. Plasma diperoleh setelah proses sentrifugasi dan albumin diukur dengan metode bromcresolgreen serta kadar enrofloksasin diukur secara Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi. Hasil pengukuran kadar albumin menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara anjing sehat dan sakit yaitu 3,10 : 2,24 g/dL (P<0,05). Hasil pengukuran kadar enrofloksasin plasma anjing sakit menunjukkan rerata kadar 1,10 μg/mL, atau setara pada kadar albumin 1,7-2,6 g/dL pada uji kadar obat secara in vitro. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin rendah kadar albumin maka kadar enrofloksasin yang terukur semakin tinggi, yang menunjukkan semakin rendah persentase ikatan albumin-obat.