bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A importância da Educação a Distância na melhoria da qualidade de vida
Authors: Cordeiro Eliza Regina , Pacheco Andressa Sasaki Vasques , Souza Irineu Manoel de
Published: January 2014

O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar a importância da Educação a Distância na melhoria da qualidade de vida do indivíduo e sua considerável contribuição para a democratização do acesso à educação superior. No trabalho são apresentados conceitos dos dois temas e enfatiza a importância da educação na promoção da qualidade de vida do homem moderno. A pesquisa foi realizada com os alunos egressos do Curso de Graduação em Administração a Distância da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina do polo presencial de Lages/SC. Foram encaminhados, por e-mail, questionários aos 29 alunos egressos do curso em questão e foram obtidas 21 respostas. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que a conclusão do Curso de Administração a Distância propiciou aumento na faixa salarial da maioria dos respondentes. Ficou comprovado que com a aquisição de novos conhecimentos, a maioria, conseguiu trabalho ou uma progressão funcional ocorrendo ampliação da qualidade de vida dos referidos alunos após a realização do curso.
A implantação do Programa de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais/REUNI: um estudo de caso
Authors: Silva Rosenildes Lacerda da , Freitas Florence Cavalcante Heber Pedreira de , Lins Maria Teresa Gomes
Published: January 2014

O presente estudo tem como finalidade analisar os impactos do Programa de Apoio a Planos de Expansão e Reestruturação das Universidades Federais (REUNI) na Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS). A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva e exploratória e a estratégia utilizada foi a de estudo de caso único. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com seis gestores da alta administração participantes da implantação do REUNI na UFS. Os resultados mostram os principais desafios enfrentados e os efeitos decorrentes da implantação do programa. A aprovação do REUNI na UFS, assim como nas demais instituições universitárias federas do País, não ocorreu imune a polêmicas e discussões. Dificuldades para atingir as metas também foram observadas, no entanto, as melhorias suplantam-nas, pois houve, na graduação, aumento da ordem de 34,9 % na oferta de vagas e de 28,6 % no número dos cursos (hoje a UFS possui 117 opções de curso), impactando no crescimento de 69,2% de matriculados. O quadro docente elevou-se em 77,2% e 64% do total são doutores. Houve crescimento na pesquisa, extensão e pós-graduação e grandes investimentos foram realizados na infraestrutura, mas persistem problemas relacionados às condições de ensino, tais como salas de aula, turmas com número muito grande de alunos, qualidade de serviços na Biblioteca, Restaurante Universitário, dentre outros.
Concepções de universidade no Brasil: uma análise a partir da missão das universidades públicas federais brasileiras e dos modelos de universidade
Authors: Souza Janice Aparecida Janissek de , Santos Elder Carlos dos , Lobo Angelo Souza , Melo Leonardo Cardoso de , Soares Andreia Cerqueira
Published: January 2014

O objetivo do presente artigo é realizar uma associação entre as principais dimensões que caracterizam a missão de universidades públicas brasileiras com os conceitos centrais que definem os modelos de universidade. Utilizaram-se procedimentos de coleta e análise de dados de forma qualitativa a partir de dados secundários, ou seja, já existentes na literatura.Foram analisadas as missões de oito universidades públicas federais brasileiras disponibilizadas na íntegra no trabalho de Ferreira (2009). Procedimentos de análise de conteúdo foram realizados identificando categorias e subcategorias representativas das ideias mais centrais contidas no texto. Para proceder a associação entre a missão, o perfil do egresso e o modelo de universidade, considerou-se a similaridade de ideias entre as características centrais dos modelos de universidade (humboldtiano, napoleônico e americano) e as subcategorias identificadas na análise de conteúdo da missão. Foi possível constatar que as universidades públicas brasileiras apresentam um modelo híbrido que combina tanto as características que a definem como um centro de construção do saber puro e crítico, isento às pressões externas como as que envolvem a formação de profissionais preparados para atuarem no mercado e as destinadas a atender demandas específicas da sociedade.
Propensão à adoção de novas tecnologias por professores na produção de conteúdos educacionais: um estudo com base na teoria da difusão de inovações
Authors: Barbosa Telma Regina da Costa Guimarães , Carvalho Maria de Lourdes de , Gomes Silvane Guimarães Silva , Mota João Batista
Published: January 2014

Objetiva caracterizar os diferentes graus de aceitação das nTICs pelos professores participantes de um projeto de novas tecnologias aplicadas ao ensino, bem como identificar os fatores influenciadores da aceitação com base em algumas atributos do processo de adoção de inovação. É um estudo exploratório, realizado após a conclusão de um projeto de nTICs, onde se define a propensão para aceitação das novas tecnologias com base em três constructos: conclusão, experimentação e intenção de ampliar. As variáveis independentes foram retiradas do modelo de Rogers (2003) e de outros autores que ampliaram esse modelo. Dados foram analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas, tabelas de contingência, e teste do Chi-Square de Pearson. Conclui-se que apenas os constructos experimentação e intenção de ampliar puderam ser explicados pelas variáveis independentes e que as principais explicações encontram-se na categoria de atributos pessoais. Os atributos de vantagens percebidas e influências interpessoais respondem apenas razoavelmente pela propensão a adoção.
Ser ou não ser: os conflitos funcionais do profissional no contexto das escolas de ensino superior no Brasil
Authors: Souza Júnior Jalmir Pinheiro de , Santos Betânia Araújo Cosme dos , Vigoderis Ricardo Brauer , Santos Heloísa Fernanda da Silva , Holanda Mônica Calixto Ribeiro de
Published: January 2014

As instituições de ensino superior brasileiras vêm passando por sucessivas mudanças desde a implementação da LDB, e consequente atuação do professor alicerçada na tríade ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Um processo de transformação em direção a conceber a universidade como empresa, orientada para as demandas do mercado, com cobranças por maior produtividade ganhou força. Este estudo qualitativo, interpretativista, visa ampliar a discussão dos impactos que este cenário tem causado nos docentes, e na realização da prática docente. Foram entrevistados nove docentes que se posicionaram por meio da exposição da experiência já vivenciada na sua atuação cotidiana. Os resultados, pós análise do discurso, evidenciaram a situação preocupante em que se encontra a classe de professores de ensino superior no Brasil, passando por frustrações e insatisfações, no campo profissional, que só fazem estimular o individualismo, aguçar a competitividade entre colegas, e a conseqüente queda na qualidade das relações estabelecidas entre alunos e professores. A desmotivação profissional tem se intensificado a cada período e é ilustrado pelo aumento dos conflitos e pela inquietação com a qual muitos já convivem, na dúvida iminente por ser ou não ser um professor universitário.
A Comparison Study on Motion/Force Transmissibility of Two Typical 3-DOF Parallel Manipulators: The Sprint Z3 and A3 Tool Heads
Authors: Chen Xiang , Liu Xin-Jun , Xie FuGui , Sun Tao
Published: January 2014

This paper presents a comparison study of two important three-degree-of-freedom (DOF) parallel manipulators, the Sprint Z3 head and the A3 head, both commonly used in industry. As an initial step, the inverse kinematics are derived and an analysis of two classes of limbs is carried out via screw theory. For comparison, three transmission indices are then defined to describe their motion/force transmission performance. Based on the same main parameters, the compared results reveal some distinct characteristics in addition to the similarities between the two parallel manipulators. To a certain extent, the A3 head outperforms the common Sprint Z3 head, providing a new and satisfactory option for a machine tool head in industry.
Aporte del diseño gráfico en los materiales curriculares para e-Learning
Authors: Castro Rebeca Lozano , Izaguirre Víctor García
Published: January 2014

Con la incursión de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC´s) al proceso educativo, las Instituciones a nivel nacional han tenido que llevar a cabo acciones correspondientes para incorporar estas tecnologías al proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje (E-A),  las cuales han implicado generar estrategias que permitan facilitar a los docentes la incorporación de las TIC’s a la planeación de los contenidos temáticos de las asignaturas que imparten.Sin embargo, gran parte de las estrategias planteadas, sólo cubren el aspecto funcional de la tecnología, pero no su incorporación en la proceso de E-A o incluso la adecuación de los materiales didácticos para ser usados mediante las TIC’s. Adicionalmente a lo anterior, la educación en México, principalmente a nivel superior, necesita plantear otros paradigmas que permitan acceder a ese tipo de formación a jóvenes que por causas sociales, políticas, geográficas, económicas o de otras índoles, no tienen acceso a la misma, cuestión que podría ser resuelta por la accesibilidad que ofrecen las TIC’s.Además es necesario reconocer que pese a los esfuerzos realizados, concretamente en el área educativa, las TIC's todavía no han sido potenciadas y aprovechadas en la enorme posibilidad que ofrecen para los procesos educativos. La actividad educativa con las TIC's, debiera manifestarse principalmente en la creación de materiales curriculares que se adapten a estas tecnologías, hecho que se ve reflejado en la Declaración Mundial sobre la Educación Superior en el Siglo XXI, la cual establece que “Los nuevos métodos pedagógicos también supondrán nuevos materiales didácticos”. En ese sentido, en las escuelas a nivel Superior de Tamaulipas las TIC's se han ido incorporando ya en sus procesos educativos, pero no se tiene un conocimiento puntual de la efectividad que dicha tecnología este provocando en el proceso educativo.Esto hace necesario la creación de una Red de Diseño Gráfico, Educación y Tecnologías que permita establecer una colaboración estrecha ente diversas Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), para analizar y proponer diversas acciones y estrategias que faciliten la incorporación de las TIC´s en el proceso educativo. Al ser un problema que tiene diversas vertientes, en un principio se tomaría el determinar la creación de un Curso – Taller para el Diseño de Materiales Curriculares para E-Learning. Esto implicaría el realizar un análisis para determinar la variabilidad que existen entre las diversas plataformas que son usadas para este modelo educativo, tales como WEBEX, Skype, Moodle, Blackboard, entre otras; homologando sus diferencias mediante las premisas fundamentales del Diseño Gráfico.
DIY: Arte, Diseño y Tecnología. Estrategia crítica de colaboración comunitaria offline y online
Authors: Rodríguez Sagrario Martín
Published: January 2014

El objetivo del artículo es analizar las diferentes prácticas colaborativas offline y online que de forma emergente han surgido  bajo la cultura denominada DIY (do it yourself) o “hazlo tú mismo”, vinculadas al arte y al diseño.Para ello se exploran los distintos factores sociales, culturales y estéticos que propiciaron el cambio de tendencia, orientada a dar voz  a un público cada vez más amplio. De tal manera que diseñador/artista y usuario establecen una relación de colaboración  y participación creativa.Después,  la atención recae sobre las distintas prácticas que se vehiculan a través y en la Red, estableciendo una serie de tipologías según el uso de las TICs. Y también, de cuáles han sido sus estrategias para abogar por una postura crítica, activa y comunitaria. Finalmente, se ha concluido puntualizando la potencialidad de la aplicación de la ética DIY a diferentes ámbitos y subrayando algunos aciertos e inconvenientes de los proyectos analizados.  ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to analyze the different collaborative practices, offline and online, that have pop up under the DIY (do it yourself) culture linked to art and design.  To that end, we explore the diverse social, cultural and aesthetic factors that favoured the trend change, oriented towards giving voice to a wider public. Designer/artist and user establish a creative cooperation and participation.  After that, the attention is focused on the diverse practices that are transported through and in the Network, establishing typologies according to the ICT. And also what have been their strategies to enhance for a critical, active, and   community attitude.To conclude, we detail the potential application of the DIY aesthetic to other fields, emphasizing possible pros and cons of the analyzed projects.
Diseño de Comunicación Visual y Multimedia. Presentación
Authors: Gamonal Arroyo Roberto
Published: January 2014

El Diseño de Comunicación Visual (comúnmente conocido como Diseño Gráfico) y el Diseño de Comunicación Multimedia (encargado de aplicaciones interactivas en pantalla) son disciplinas más propicias para la acción que para la reflexión, algo que es urgente cambiar. Quizá por eso existe un gran déficit de obras y artículos científicos que contribuyan a proporcionar una sólida base teórica para superar el concepto puramente estético que tienen del Diseño algunos sectores sociales y académicos. Resulta muy extraño que este tema se trate en una revista científica y, más aún, en una publicación que está dentro del área de las Ciencias Sociales como es Icono 14.
Effect of the crystallization-induction layer of yttria-stabilized zirconia on the solid state crystallization of an amorphous Si film
Authors: Horita Susumu , Akahori Tetsuya
Published: January 2014

We investigated the crystallization-induction (CI) effect of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) on the solid phase crystallization of amorphous Si (a-Si) films. The incubation time τi for crystallization on a polycrystalline YSZ layer was shorter than that on a glass substrate. From the result of Arrhenius plots of 1/τi, it is suggested that the CI effect is not due to the difference in the activation energy E
i but to a higher nucleation site area density on the YSZ layer. Also, preheating the YSZ layer prior to a-Si film deposition was effective to shorten the incubation time τi because E
i was reduced.
Flow and mixing in Juan de Fuca Canyon, Washington
Authors: Alford Matthew H. , MacCready Parker
Published: January 2014

We report breaking internal lee waves, strong mixing, and hydraulic control associated with wind‐driven up‐canyon flow in Juan de Fuca Canyon, Washington. Unlike the flow above the canyon rim, which shows a tidal modulation typical on continental shelves, the flow within the canyon is persistently up‐canyon during our observations, with isopycnals tilted consistent with a geostrophic cross‐canyon momentum balance. As the flow encounters a sill near the canyon entrance at the shelf break, it accelerates significantly and undergoes elevated mixing on the upstream and downstream sides of the sill. On the downstream side, a strong lee wave response is seen, with displacements of O(100 m) and overturns tens of meters high. The resulting diffusivity is O(10−2 m2 s−1), sufficient to substantially modify coastal water masses as they transit the canyon and enter the Salish Sea estuarine system.
Stopping flow bursts and their role in the generation of the substorm current wedge
Authors: Sergeev V. A. , Chernyaev I. A. , Angelopoulos V. , Runov A. V. , Nakamura R.
Published: January 2014

During two flow burst events, earthward propagating dipolarization/injection fronts (DF) fortuitously stopped at ~9Re within a unique, compact multispacecraft constellation for the duration of a 30 min long substorm current wedge‐related dipolarization. Observations inside and outside the halted flow burst indicate that it retained properties (including a narrow DF, a localized compression region ahead of it, and its structured, low density, low entropy (pV5/3) content) when arrived at its stopping point, where the entropy of the ambient plasma was nearly equal to that of the flow burst. We show that even short‐duration flow bursts can significantly modify pressure and entropy distributions in the inner magnetosphere. The new distribution takes a long time to relax (a few tens of minutes, consistent with substorm recovery time scales). We argue that these pressure and entropy changes resulting from the incoming flow bursts can be responsible for the support/generation of a substorm current wedge.
Hirschi, Travis
Authors: Schreck Christopher J.
Published: January 2014

Travis Hirschi was one of the leading criminological theorists of the twentieth century. This entry outlines Hirschi's professional career, from graduate training in sociology, including his exposure to scholars who would influence the direction of his career, to the present. Professor Hirschi's reputation grew from his work on research methodology and criminological theory. His theoretical treatises on social control theory and, in collaboration with Michael Gottfredson, self‐control theory have had particularly tremendous and long‐lasting influence.
Copper(I) Chloride‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Arylation of Glycine Ester and Amide Derivatives
Authors: Huo Congde , Wang Cheng , Wu Mingxia , Jia Xiaodong , Xie Haisheng , Yuan Yong
Published: January 2014

A simple and efficient copper(I) chloride‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of glycine derivatives (glycine esters, glycine amides and short peptides) with indoles has been developed. The reaction is performed in the absence of any other additives under mild conditions and only requires simple copper salts as a catalyst and oxygen as a co‐oxidant.

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Palladium on Carbon‐Catalyzed Gentle and Quantitative Combustion of Hydrogen at Room Temperature
Authors: Monguchi Yasunari , Ida Takashi , Maejima Toshihide , Yanase Takayoshi , Sawama Yoshinari , Sasai Yasushi , Kondo Shin‐ichi , Sajiki Hironao
Published: January 2014

A quantitative and gentle oxidation (combustion) of hydrogen in the presence of oxygen in a variety of solvents was achieved under palladium on carbon (Pd/C)‐catalyzed conditions at ordinary pressures and temperatures. A quantitative generation of water accountable for the consumed oxygen was observed. While hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which would form as an intermediate, was extremely unstable under the Pd/C‐catalyzed conditions to be converted into water with accompanying oxygen generation, the stability of H2O2 was found to be increased in cold (0 °C) trifluoroacetic acid, and the formation of 64% H2O2 based on the consumed oxygen could be detected. A mechanistic elucidation study revealed that the single electron transfer and generation of the hydroxyl radical are involved in the gentle combustion process. The reactive oxygen species generated during the process was effectively utilized for the chemical oxidation of sulfides and phosphines to afford the corresponding sulfoxides and phosphine oxides, respectively.

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Oxidative Annulation of Anilides with Internal Alkynes Using an (Electron‐Deficient η5‐Cyclopentadienyl)Rhodium(III) Catalyst Under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Hoshino Yuki , Shibata Yu , Tanaka Ken
Published: January 2014

A dinuclear (electron‐deficient η5‐cyclopentadienyl)rhodium(III) complex was synthesized on a preparative scale via the rhodium‐catalyzed cross [2+2+1] cyclotrimerization of silylacetylenes and two alkynyl esters, leading to substituted silylfulvenes, followed by reductive complexation with rhodium(III) chloride in ethanol. The thus obtained dinuclear (electron‐deficient η5‐cyclopentadienyl)rhodium(III) complex is a highly active precatalyst for the oxidative annulation of anilides with internal alkynes under ambient conditions (at room temperature under air). A preference for annulation across electron‐rich substrates over electron‐deficient substrates was observed using this electron‐deficient rhodium(III) complex.

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Optimal experiment design for nonlinear dynamic (bio)chemical systems using sequential semidefinite programming
Authors: Telen Dries , Logist Filip , Quirynen Rien , Houska Boris , Diehl Moritz , Van Impe Jan
Published: January 2014

Optimal experiment design (OED) for parameter estimation in nonlinear dynamic (bio)chemical processes is studied in this work. To reduce the uncertainty in an experiment, a suitable measure of the Fisher information matrix or variance–covariance matrix has to be optimized. In this work, novel optimization algorithms based on sequential semidefinite programming (SDP) are proposed. The sequential SDP approach has specific advantages over sequential quadratic programming in the context of OED. First of all, it guarantees on a matrix level a decrease of the uncertainty in the parameter estimation procedure by introducing a linear matrix inequality. Second, it allows an easy formulation of E‐optimal designs in a direct optimal control optimization scheme. Finally, a third advantage of SDP is that problems involving the inverse of a matrix can be easily reformulated. The proposed techniques are illustrated in the design of experiments for a fed‐batch bioreactor and a microbial kinetics case study. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1728–1739, 2014
Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐5‐Nitropyridines by Three‐Component Ring Transformation of 3,5‐Dinitro‐2‐Pyridone
Authors: Le Thi Song , Asahara Haruyasu , Kobiro Kazuya , Sugimoto Ryuichi , Saigo Kazuhiko , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi
Published: January 2014

2‐Arylated‐5‐nitropyridines were efficiently synthesized by a three‐component ring transformation of 3,5‐dinitro‐2‐pyridone with aromatic ketones in the presence of ammonium acetate, in which the dinitropyridone serves as a synthetic equivalent of an unstable nitromalonaldehyde. Although a 2,8‐diazabicyclo[3.3.1]non‐3‐ene derivative was also formed as a byproduct, it was converted into nitropyridines under the reaction conditions, heating in the presence of ammonium acetate. This experimental fact implies that the former compound is a kinetically controlled product and the latter is a thermodynamically controlled product because of the aromatization. This method is applicable to various kinds of aryl and (hetero)aryl ketones to afford the corresponding (hetero)arylated pyridines in good to excellent yields.
Multifunctional Porous Microspheres Based on Peptide–Porphyrin Hierarchical Co‐Assembly
Authors: Zou Qianli , Zhang Lu , Yan Xuehai , Wang Anhe , Ma Guanghui , Li Junbai , Möhwald Helmuth , Mann Stephen
Published: January 2014

Photocatalytically active, multi‐chambered, biomolecule‐based microspheres were prepared by hierarchical co‐assembly of simple dipeptides and porphyrins. The colloidal microspheres are highly hydrated and consist of a network of J‐aggregate nanoscale substructures that serve as light‐harvesting antennae with a relatively broad spectral cross‐section and considerable photostability. These optical properties can be exploited in photocatalytic reactions involving inorganic or organic species. Taken together, these structural and functional features suggest that soft porous biomolecule‐based colloids are a plausible photosynthetic model that could be developed towards demonstrating aspects of primitive abiotic cellularity.
Propanaktivierung durch Palladiumkomplexe mit chelatisierenden Bis(NHC)‐Liganden unter aerober Cooxidation
Authors: Munz Dominik , Strassner Thomas
Published: January 2014

Die Entwicklung effizienter aerober Oxidationsverfahren stellt die große Herausforderung bei der selektiven Funktionalisierung von C‐H‐Bindungen in Alkanen dar. Hier berichten wir über die C‐H‐Funktionalisierung von Propan mittels Palladiumkatalysatoren mit chelatisierenden Bis(N‐heterocyclischen Carbenliganden) und Vanadium‐Cokatalysatoren in Trifluoressigsäure. Wir zeigen, dass Halogenide eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Oxidation spielen. Neben experimentellen Ergebnissen präsentieren wir auch kinetische Daten und einen Isotopeneffekt. Die Verwendung eines Vanadium‐Cokatalysators ermöglicht in Kombination mit Halogeniden die Verwendung molekularen Sauerstoffs als Oxidationsmittel. Auf der Basis der experimentellen und quantenchemischen Ergebnisse schlagen wir einen Mechanismus vor, bei dem die C‐H‐Aktivierung durch einen Palladium(II)‐Katalysator und die Oxidation zu Palladium(IV) durch Brom erfolgt.
Nickel‐katalysierte C‐H‐Alkylierung: direkte sekundäre Alkylierung und Trifluorethylierung von Arenen
Authors: Song Weifeng , Lackner Sebastian , Ackermann Lutz
Published: January 2014

Ein vielseitig anwendbarer Nickel‐Katalysator ermöglichte die C‐H‐Alkylierung nicht‐aktivierter Arene mit anspruchsvollen sekundären Alkylbromiden und ‐chloriden. Die ausgezeichnete katalytische Aktivität schuf zudem die Voraussetzung für die sekundäre Alkylierung von Indolen sowie auch für C‐H‐Trifluorethylierungen mit hoher Substratbreite.
Nickel‐Catalyzed CH Alkylations: Direct Secondary Alkylations and Trifluoroethylations of Arenes
Authors: Song Weifeng , Lackner Sebastian , Ackermann Lutz
Published: January 2014

A versatile nickel catalyst allowed for CH alkylations of unactivated arenes with challenging secondary alkyl bromides and chlorides. The high catalytic efficacy also set the stage for direct secondary alkylations of indoles as well as CH trifluoroethylations with ample substrate scope.
Wavepacket Splitting and Two‐Pathway Deactivation in the Photoexcited Visual Pigment Isorhodopsin
Authors: Polli Dario , Weingart Oliver , Brida Daniele , Poli Emiliano , Maiuri Margherita , Spillane Katelyn M. , Bottoni Andrea , Kukura Philipp , Mathies Richard A. , Cerullo Giulio , Garavelli Marco
Published: January 2014

Isorhodopsin is the visual pigment analogue of rhodopsin. It shares the same opsin environment but it embeds 9‐cis retinal instead of 11‐cis. Its photoisomerization is three times slower and less effective. The mechanistic rationale behind this observation is revealed by combining high‐level quantum‐mechanical/molecular‐mechanical simulations with ultrafast optical spectroscopy with sub‐20 fs time resolution and spectral coverage extended to the near‐infrared. Whereas in rhodopsin the photoexcited wavepacket has ballistic motion through a single conical intersection seam region between the ground and excited states, in isorhodopsin it branches into two competitive deactivation pathways involving distinct conical intersection funnels. One is rapidly accessed but unreactive. The other is slower, as it features extended steric interactions with the environment, but it is productive as it follows forward bicycle pedal motion.
Fracture behavior of boehmite‐filled polypropylene block copolymer nanocomposites as assessed by the essential work of fracture concept
Authors: Turcsán Tamás , Mészáros László , Khumalo Vincent Mandla , Thomann Ralf , Karger‐Kocsis József
Published: January 2014

The essential work of fracture (EWF) method was adapted to determine the fracture toughness of poly(propylene‐block‐ethylene) (EPBC) based nanocomposites with different amounts (from 0 up to 5 wt %) of synthetic boehmite alumina (BA). The dispersion of BA in the matrix was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopies. Agglomerated micronscale along with well dispersed nanoscale BA particles were present in the EPBC matrix. By contrast to the neat EPBC, all nanocomposites failed by unstable necking. Therefore the energy partitioning concept of the EWF was adapted and attention paid to the yielding‐related term. Both specific yielding‐related essential and nonessential work of fracture parameters increased linearly with the product of the yield stress and elongation at yield derived from static tensile tests. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40447.
Intimate Landscapes: the Social Nature of the Spaces Between
Authors: Nelson Erin Stevens
Published: January 2014

Domestic structures at Parchman Place are characterized by rectangular magnetic anomalies of high value, surrounded by haloes of low magnetic value. Site‐wide magnetic gradiometer survey reveals discrete clusters of these anomalies, indicating the presence of at least three residential groups or neighbourhoods. However, the empty spaces on the map, the magnetically clean areas bounded by architecture, are also important for structuring daily interactions among individuals and groups. This paper explores the spaces between geophysical anomalies – the intimate landscapes of courtyards, plazas and paths that are common yet rarely investigated spatial components of Mississippi Period (ad 1000–1541) sites in the southeastern USA. Magnetic gradiometer data from Parchman illustrate how attributes of empty spaces – size, shape, orientation, visibility and proximity to other features – promoted different types of social interaction in the past. These data, supplemented by traditional archaeological data, indicate that early in the site's history, the focus of community members was inward – at the neighbourhood level toward courtyards and the lineages associated with them, and at the site level toward the central plaza and other social groups living at the site. Later, at least some community members became oriented away from the rest of the community and toward monumental architecture instead. As a result of this reorientation, many people were excluded from participating in mound‐top activities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metal Complexes of Carbaporphyrinoid Systems
Authors: Lash Timothy D.
Published: January 2014

The cavities of carbaporphyrinoid systems provide unique environments for the formation of organometallic species. These systems commonly act as either dianionic or trianionic ligands, and may stabilize unusual oxidation states such as silver(III). Although the metalation of N‐confused porphyrins has been explored in great detail, the formation of metallo‐derivatives of other carbaporphyrinoids remains far less well explored. Nevertheless, exciting advances have been made on the metalation of carbaporphyrins, azuliporphyrins, benziporphyrins and related macrocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: MAPbI3‐xClx Mixed Halide Perovskite for Hybrid Solar Cells: The Role of Chloride as Dopant on the Transport and Structural Properties.
Authors: De Angelis Filippo , et al. et al.
Published: January 2014

A solution of MeNH3PbI3 in γ‐butyrolactone is prepared from an equimolar mixture of MeNH3I and PbI2 and solutions of MeNH3PbI3‐xClx in anhydrous DMF are obtained from MeNH3I and PbCl2 (3:1 molar ratio) and MeNH3Cl and PbI2 (1:1 molar ratio).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Selective Topochemical Fluorination of the Cation and Anion‐Vacancy Ordered Phases Ba2YCoO5 and Ba3YCo2O7.5.
Authors: Luo Kun , Tran T. Thao , Halasyamani P. Shiv , Hayward Michael A.
Published: January 2014

The new title compounds are prepared by a citrate precursor method using BaCO3, Y2O3, and Co powder as starting materials (flowing Ar, 900—965 °C, 160 h).
ChemInform Abstract: KI—VO(acac)2—H2O2—AcOH, a New Iodinating System for Selective Iodination at C‐5 Position of Activated Pyrimidinediones: A Combined Experimental and Density Functional Study.
Authors: Saikia Lakhinath , Talukdar Dhrubajyoti , Deka Ramesh C. , Thakur Ashim J.
Published: January 2014

A simple, selective, mild, and environmentally‐friendly method for the selective monoiodination of activated pyrimidinediones and aromatic amines is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Mediated Trifluoromethylation of Terminal Alkynes by S‐(Trifluoromethyl)diarylsulfonium Salt.
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Lin Jinhong , Zhang Chengpan , Xiao Jichang , Zheng Xing
Published: January 2014

S‐(Trifluoromethyl)diarylsulfonium triflate is described as reagent for the Cu‐mediated reaction with terminal alkynes to give trifluoromethylated alkynes (III) generally in good yields,
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Unsymmetrical Dialkyl Trisulfanes.
Authors: Lach Slawomir , Witt Dariusz
Published: January 2014

The reaction of the substrates (I) with alkyl disulfanyl anions generated in situ from S‐acetyl disulfanyl precursors affords the title species in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: [6π + 2π]‐Cycloaddition of α,ω‐Diallenes and α,ω‐Diacetylenes to 1,3,5‐Cycloheptatriene in the Presence of TiCl4—Et2AlCl
Authors: D'yakonov V. A. , Kadikova G. N. , Khalilov L. M. , Dzhemilev U. M.
Published: January 2014

as an efficient preparative method for the synthesis of bis(endo‐bicyclononapolyenes) (III) and (V), resp., linked by polymethylene spacers
ChemInform Abstract: Diversity‐Oriented Approach to Novel Spirocyclics via Enyne Metathesis, Diels—Alder Reaction, and a [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition as Key Steps
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Ali Rashid , Tiwari Arti
Published: January 2014

Synthetic approaches to diene (VI) and the masked diene (XXI) are described involving enyne metathesis and [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on ZnBr2‐Mediated Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aryl‐Substituted Allenes from Terminal Alkynes, Aromatic Aldehydes and (S)‐α,α‐Diphenylprolinol.
Authors: Ye Juntao , Lue Ruizhi , Fan Wu , Ma Shengming
Published: January 2014

Condensation of terminal alkynes and aldehydes, promoted by ZnBr2 and equimolar amounts of (S)‐diphenylprolinol, gives axially chiral 1,3‐disubstituted allenes with excellent enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron(II) Complexes are Suitable Catalysts for the Isomerization of Trifluoromethylated Allylic Alcohols. Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Dihydrochalcones.
Authors: Cahard Dominique , Bizet Vincent , Dai Xiaoyang , Gaillard Sylvain , Renaud Jean‐Luc
Published: January 2014

5 Iron(II) complexes are tested as catalysts for the isomerization of trifluoromethylated allylic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Tandem Trifluoromethylation/Semipinacol Rearrangement of Allylic Alcohols.
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Min , Bai Wei , Wang Shao‐Hua , Yang Bin‐Miao , Tu Yong‐Qiang , Zhang Fu‐Min
Published: January 2014

The title reaction is valuable for the difunctionalization of alkenes through simultaneous construction of a C—CF3 bond and a quaternary carbon center, and could provide a straightforward strategy for the preparation of α‐quaternary β‐trifluoromethyl ketone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐Catalyzed Reactions of 3‐Hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles with Electron‐rich Substrates: Synthesis of 2‐Oxindoles with All‐Carbon Quaternary Center.
Authors: Kinthada Lakshmana K. , Ghosh Santanu , De Subhadip , Bhunia Subhajit , Dey Dhananjay , Bisai Alakesh
Published: January 2014

Lewis‐acid catalyzed C—C bond forming reactions of in situ generated 2H‐indol‐2‐ones (I) with various 2π and other electrophiles, such as allylsilane, phenylacetylene, acetophenone, styrenes and indole are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Calix[6]arene Sulfonic Acids Catalyzed Michael Reactions of Indoles with α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones in Water Assisted by Microwave Radiation.
Authors: Xie Yuanyuan , Mao Linfeng , Li Lehuan
Published: January 2014

Surfactant‐type calix[6]arene sulfonic acids bearing pendant aliphatic chains efficiently catalyzed the title Michael reaction under environmentally friendly conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Synthesis of Spiro‐cyclopropaneoxindoles.
Authors: Noole Artur , Malkov Andrei V. , Kanger Toenis
Published: January 2014

A wide range of spiro‐cyclopropaneoxindoles is prepared via organocatalytic cyclopropanation of alkylidene oxindoles or α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Promoted Facile and Rapid Synthesis Procedure for the Efficient Synthesis of 5,5‐Disubstituted Hydantoins
Authors: Safari Javad , Gandomi‐Ravandi Soheila , Javadian Leila
Published: January 2014

using a Bucherer—Bergs type reaction
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Green Synthesis of 6‐Amino‐3‐phenyl‐4‐aryl‐1,4‐dihydropyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carbonitrile Derivatives under Ultrasound Irradiation in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Zou Yi. , Hu Yu , Liu Hai , Shi Da‐Qing
Published: January 2014

via a four‐component reaction
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chromene‐2‐thiones and in vitro Evaluation of Their Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities.
Authors: Devi Nepram Sushuma , Singh Thokchom Prasanta , Khumanthem Nonibala , Singh Okram Mukherjee
Published: January 2014

A variety of chromene‐2‐thiones (III) (15 examples) are synthesized via CuCl2‐catalyzed condensation of salicylaldehydes (I) with β‐oxodithioesters.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Screening of Some Novel Chromones and Pyrazoles with Incorporated Isoxazole Moieties.
Authors: Badadhe P. V. , Patil L. R. , Bhagat S. S. , Chate A. V. , Shinde D. W. , Nikam M. D. , Gill C. H.
Published: January 2014

The title compounds (III), (IV) are screened for their antimicrobial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One Pot Synthesis of New Tricyclic Coumarins from Single Synthon.
Authors: Kalkhambkar Rajesh G. , Kulkarni Geeta M. , Kulkarni Manohar V.
Published: January 2014

A simple and high‐yielding protocol for the synthesis of a library of tricyclic coumarins is developed using 8‐formyl‐7‐hydroxy‐4‐methylcoumarin (I) as a single synthon.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Bifunctional Squaramide Catalyzed Asymmetric Tandem Michael‐Cyclization Reaction: Efficient Synthesis of Optically Active 2‐Amino‐4H‐chromene‐3‐carbonitrile Derivatives.
Authors: Hu Keling , Lu Aidang , Wang Youming , Zhou Zhenghong , Tang Chuchi
Published: January 2014

An enantioselective cascade Michael addition/cyclization of ortho‐hydroxy‐nitrostyrenes (I) with malononitrile is developed using a chiral bifunctional squaramide derivative as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐(Quinolin‐4‐ylthio)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, Antibacterial and Antifungal Studies.
Authors: Modh Rahul P. , Shah Dhruvin , Chikhalia Kishor H.
Published: January 2014

The product (IIIa), (IIIb), (IIId), and (IIIf) show moderate activity against bacteria (E.
ChemInform Abstract: Chitosan‐SO3H: An Efficient, Biodegradable, and Recyclable Solid Acid for the Synthesis of Quinoline Derivatives via Friedlaender Annulation.
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Venkateswarlu A. , Reddy G. Niranjan , Reddy Y. V. Rami
Published: January 2014

Highly acidic chitosan sulfate is found to catalyze the Friedlaender synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of a New Class of Substituted Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines.
Authors: Mamaghani Manouchehr , Tabatabaeian Khalil , Bayat Mitra , Nia Roghayeh Hossein , Rassa Mehdi
Published: January 2014

A simple and efficient approach for the synthesis of novel, highly functionalized indole substituted pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines (IV) is developed using a regioselective one‐pot three‐component reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselectivity in the Reaction of 2‐Diazo‐3‐oxo‐3‐phenylpropanal with Aldehydes and Ketones.
Authors: Zhang Jiantao , Xu Jiaxi
Published: January 2014

Title compound (I) reacts with cyclic ketones (II) and aromatic aldehydes with weak electron‐donating substituents (IV) to generate 1,3‐dioxin‐4‐one derivatives (III) and (V), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and Efficient Synthesis of 2,8‐Di(3‐aryl[1,8]naphthyridin‐2‐yl) 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9‐Octahydropyridazino[4,5‐g]phthalazine‐1,4,6,9‐tetraones Using Non‐Traditional Conditions and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity.
Authors: Mogilaiah K. , Chandra A. Vinay , Srivani N. , Rao A. Nageswara
Published: January 2014

The synthesis of the title compounds (III) by grinding results in similar yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Silica Gel Supported Bismuth Nitrate Pentahydrate: A Highly Active Catalyst Under Solvent Free Conditions Towards the Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones and Their Sulfur Analogues
Authors: Hingane Dattatray G. , Shumaila Abdullah M. A. , Kusurkar Radhika S.
Published: January 2014

via Biginelli‐type reactions
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydropyrimidinones via Phase Transfer Catalysis.
Authors: Moussaoui Younes , Ben Salem Ridha
Published: January 2014

20 Title compounds of type (IV) are prepared by the Biginelli condensation in aqueous NaOH solution under phase transfer conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Amino Acid Salts Catalyzed Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Tryptanthrin: A Straightforward Synthesis of Phaitanthrin A (V) and Its Derivatives.
Authors: Kang Guowei , Luo Zhenli , Liu Chongxing , Gao Hang , Wu Quanquan , Wu Huayue , Jiang Jun
Published: January 2014

The first asymmetric synthesis of the title compound (V) is achieved on a gram‐scale.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Synthesis Through Activation of N‐Benzyl Groups by Distal Amides.
Authors: El Kaim Laurent , Grimaud Laurence , Wagschal Simon
Published: January 2014

A new activation mode of CH2‐benzylamino groups is observed during the preparation of pyrrolopyrimidines from Ugi—Smiles adducts (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Hydroformylation/Reductive Amination of 3‐Allyl‐2‐methylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one.
Authors: El‐Badry Yaser A. , El‐Farargy Ahmed F. , Eilbracht Peter
Published: January 2014

The catalytic carbonylation of title compound (I) under different conditions affords a mixture of linear and branched hydroformylation products (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A Two‐Step Synthesis of Selected 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinoxaline Derivatives from N‐Aryl‐2‐nitrosoanilines and Arylidenecyanoacetic Esters.
Authors: Krolikiewicz Magdalena , Blaziak Kacper , Danikiewicz Witold , Wrobel Zbigniew
Published: January 2014

Sequential nucleophilic addition of nitroaniline to alkyl arylidenecyanoacetates and intramolecular cyclization provides tetrahydroquinoxaline derivatives with excellent regio‐ and diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Glycosylation of Unprotected Phenyl 1‐Thioglycopyranosides with Phenylboronic Acid as a Transient Masking Group.
Authors: Fenger Thomas Hauch , Madsen Robert
Published: January 2014

The presented method for the title reaction can be also used for two consecutive glycosylations in one‐pot manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Novel Plumeran Indole Alkaloids Isolated from Aspidosperma cylindrocarpon (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Guimaraes Heloisa A. , Vieira Ivo J. C. , Braz‐Filho Raimundo , Crotti Antonio E. M. , dos S. Almeida Vitor , de Paula Renata C.
Published: January 2014

isolation, structure determination and antimalarial activity
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Attenols A and B.
Authors: Reddy B. V. Subba , Reddy B. Phaneendra , Swapnil N. , Yadav J. S.
Published: January 2014

A concise approach for the total synthesis of attenols A (I) and B (II) is described involving MacMillan α‐aminooxylation, Evans′ asymmetric alkylation, Brown allylation, and spiro‐ketalization as key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Area Selective Growth of Titanium Diselenide Thin Films into Micropatterned Substrates by Low‐Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition.
Authors: Reid Gillian , et al. et al.
Published: January 2014

The neutral, distorted octahedral complex [TiCl4(SeBu2)2] is prepared by reaction of TiCl4 with SeBu2 (1:2 ratio) in anhydrous CH2Cl2 and used for low‐pressure CVD of TiSe2 films on SiO2 and TiN substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization of Antiferromagnetic/Ferromagnetic Perovskite Oxide Superlattices
Authors: Takamura Y.
Published: January 2014

Review: 89 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electroplated Bimagnetic Microwires: From Processing to Magnetic Properties and Sensor Devices
Authors: Torrejon Jacob , Infante German , Badini‐Confalonieri Giovanni , Pirota Kleber R. , Vazquez Manuel
Published: January 2014

Review: 87 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Carbon Nanotubes: Applications in Chromatography and Sample Preparation
Authors: Asensio‐Ramos Maria , Herrera‐Herrera Antonio V. , Rodriguez‐Delgado Miguel Angel , Fanali Salvatore , Hernandez‐Borges Javier
Published: January 2014

Review: 42 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Technologies and Configurations of Superconducting Magnets for MRI
Authors: Lvovsky Yuri , Stautner Ernst Wolfgang , Zhang Tao
Published: January 2014

Review: 271 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Para‐hydrogen Perspectives in Hyperpolarized NMR
Authors: Gloggler Stefan , Colell Johannes , Appelt Stephan
Published: January 2014

Review: 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrazolylborate Cyanometalate Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Ferko Philip J. , Holmes Stephen M.
Published: January 2014

Review: developments between 2002 and 2013
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in the Development of Nanostructured Catalysts Based on Carbon Gels
Authors: Maldonado‐Hodar Francisco J.
Published: January 2014

Review: 37 refs.
Bis‐arylidene Oxindoles as Anti‐Breast‐Cancer Agents Acting via the Estrogen Receptor
Authors: Pal Abhishek , Ganguly Anirban , Ghosh Avijit , Yousuf Md , Rathore Bhowmira , Banerjee Rajkumar , Adhikari Susanta
Published: January 2014

We report a new family of bis‐arylidene oxindole derivatives that show highly selective estrogen receptor (ER)‐mediated anticancer activity at low‐nanomolar concentrations in ER‐positive (ER+) breast cancer cells. In terms of cell growth inhibition, IC50 values for these compounds in ER+ breast cancer cells are two to three orders of magnitude lower than in ER‐negative (ER−) breast cancer cells and non‐cancer cells. In comparison with known bis‐arylidene drugs, these compounds are at least three orders of magnitude more toxic than tamoxifen and 1.5–4‐fold more toxic than 4‐hydroxytamoxifen in ER+ MCF‐7 cancer cells. These oxindoles inhibit ER transactivation, and their anticancer activities are inhibited in ER‐depleted MCF‐7 cells. Some of these nonsteroidal molecules also exhibit essential properties of selective ER down‐regulation. From the development of two series of bis‐arylidene oxindole‐based compounds, we report a new series of anticancer agents for estrogen‐responsive breast cancer.
Challenging combination of CO2 geological storage and coal mining in the Ordos basin, China
Authors: Li Qi , Fei Wenbin , Liu Xuehao , Wei Xiaochen , Jing Miao , Li Xiaochun
Published: January 2014

In a CO2 storage project, CO2 may be able to escape from channels caused by the formation's uplift, fault reactivation, and wellbore failure owing to overpressure build‐up and likewise, coal excavation during which equilibrium disruption of stress could possibly lead to floor heave, roof collapse, and surface subsidence. When the carbon capture and storage (CCS) project and coal mining engineering activity occur in the same location, coal mining may also induce wellbore failure if the stope border is too close to the well. This is a real and challenging problem for CO2 geological storage in the Ordos Basin in China. We consequently investigated four key problems for such a combination system. The main conclusions obtained from numerical simulations are as follows. (i) Permeability is the most important factor that affects the flow rate at the injection point and the reservoir pore pressure. (ii) The interfaces between the coal layers and their adjacent rocks are easy to damage the casing. Our work suggests that the coal pillar should be set aside at least 90 m to maintain the tensile strength of the casing below the designed value. (iii) No impact occurs to the caprock from coal mining; thus, a coal seam 440 m in depth could be excavated if the original caprock is intact and no complex geological structure exists in the location. (iv) Permeability is the most crucial factor affecting surface displacement, and CO2 injection permits a surface displacement reduction of 0.04136 m compared with individual coal excavation.