bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sequencing of five poultry strains elucidates phylogenetic relationships and divergence in virulence genes in Morganella morganii
Authors: Palmieri Nicola , Hess Claudia , Hess Michael , Alispahic Merima
Published: April 2020

Background

M. morganii is a bacterium frequently associated with urinary infections in humans. While many human strains are sequenced, only the genomes of few poultry strains are available. Here, we performed a detailed characterization of five highly resistant Morganella morganii strains isolated in association with Escherichia coli from diseased domestic Austrian poultry flocks, namely geese, turkeys and chicken layers. Additionally, we sequenced the genomes of these strains by NGS and analyzed phylogenetic clustering, resistance and virulence genes in the context of host-specificity.

Results

Two strains were identified to be Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) and one as AmpC beta-lactamases (AMP-C) phenotype, while two were ESBL negative. By integrating the genome sequences of these five poultry strains with all the available M. morganii genomes, we constructed a phylogenetic tree that clearly separates the Morganella genus into two clusters (M1 and M2), which approximately reflect the proposed subspecies classification ( morganii and sibonii ). Additionally, we found no association between phylogenetic structure and host, suggesting interspecies transmission. All five poultry strains contained genes for resistance to aminocoumarins, beta-lactams, colistin, elfamycins, fluoroquinolones, phenicol, rifampin and tetracycline. A comparative genomics analysis of virulence genes showed acquisition of novel virulence genes involved in secretion system and adherence in cluster M2. We showed that some of these genes were acquired by horizontal gene transfer from closely related Morganellaceae species and propose that novel virulence genes could be responsible for expansion of tissue tropism in M. morganii . Finally, we detected variability in copy number and high sequence divergence in toxin genes and provided evidence for positive selection in insecticidal toxins genes, likely reflecting host-related adaptations.

Conclusions

In summary, this study describes i) the first isolation and characterization of M. morganii from goose and turkey, ii) a large-scale genetic analysis of M. morganii and an attempt to generate a global picture of the M. morganii intraspecific phylogenetic structure.
Distinct fiber-specific white matter reductions pattern in early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Luo Xiao , Wang Shuyue , Jiaerken Yeerfan , Li Kaicheng , Zeng Qingze , Hong Hui , Guan Xiaojun , Guo Tao , Wang Chao , Zhang Ruiting , Zhou Jiong , Wu Dan , Huang Peiyu , Zhang Minming
Published: April 2020

Background Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) has more domain cognitive deficits and worse prognosis than late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD). However, changes to white matter fiber pathways subserving the structural networks are still unclear, mainly due to the difficulty of modeling crossing-fiber populations. Thus, we used the recently established method, fixel-based analysis (FBA), to investigate fiber-specific white matter (WM) reduction patterns in EOAD and LOAD. Methods We identified 31 EOAD, 45 LOAD, 64 younger and 46 healthy elder controls (YHC/OHC). To repeat results, we further performed FBA in the ADNI database, including 17 EOAD, 30 LOAD, 31 YHC, and 34 OHC. Each subject underwent diffusion MRI scanning and neuropsychological assessments. Subjects from the ADNI database additionally underwent florbetapir and flortaucipir-PET examination. We measured the fiber density (FD) and fiber bundle cross-section (FC), then compared patients versus their counterparts (FWE corrected, P < 0.05). According to fixel-wise results, we further performed the tract of interest analyses. Results In the ZJU database, EOAD had decreased FD in the splenium of CC (SCC), limbic tracts, cingulum bundles, and posterior thalamic radiation (PTR), and decreased FC in the SCC, dorsal cingulum and PTR. By contrast, LOAD had comparable FD and FC decrease, centered to the SCC, cingulum bundles, and posterior association tracts. Both EOAD and LOAD had a similar decrease in FDC, mainly involving the cingulum bundle. Importantly, we found similar trends in the ADNI database. Correlation results showed that both the FD and FC were related to multiple cognitive performance and disease severity. Further, FD of fornix column and body and FC of ventral cingulum correlated with composite amyloid (r = -0.34) and tau level (r = -0.53) reflected by PET imaging, respectively. Conclusions Distinct WM damage in EOAD and LOAD might account for different cognitive pictures. Further, FD and FC might reflect different pathophysiological processes.
Substitution mapping of the major quantitative trait loci controlling stigma exsertion rate from Oryza glumaepatula
Authors: Tan Quanya , Zou Tuo , Zheng Mingmin , Ni Yuerong , Luan Xin , Li Xiaohui , Yang Weifeng , Yang Zifeng , Zhu Haitao , Zeng Ruizhen , Liu Guifu , Wang Shaokui , Fu Xuelin , Zhang Guiquan
Published: April 2020

Background: Stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a key determinant for outcrossing ability of male sterility lines (MSLs) in hybrid rice seed production. Outcrossing ability in cultivated rice varieties has diminished during the process of domestication, while wild Oryza species keep strong outcrossing ability. Here, we detected the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling SER using a set of single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) derived from O. glumaepatula, a wild Oryza species.Results: Seven QTLs for SER, qSER-1a, qSER-1b, qSER-3a, qSER-3b, qSER-5, qSER-9 and qSER-10, were located on 5 chromosomes. qSER-1a and qSER-1b were located on chromosome 1. qSER-3a and qSER-3b were mapped on chromosome 3, and qSER-3b was further located at an interval of 931.0kb by secondary substitution mapping. qSER-5, qSER-9 and qSER-10 were identified on chromosomes 5, 9 and 10, respectively, and qSER-9 was delimited to a region of 608.2kb by secondary substitution mapping. The additive effects of the 7 QTLs ranged from 10.6% to 14.8%, and the additive contribution variances explained by each of the QTLs were from 36.3% to 50.6%, which were higher than those of most loci for SER reported previously.Conclusions: qSER-1a and qSER-1b were novel loci for SER on chromosome 1. All of the 7 QTLs had major effects on SER. The major QTLs of SER will help to develop MSLs with strong outcrossing ability.
Standardized radical hysterectomy promises the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for early-stage cervical cancer
Authors: Yang Weihong , Chen Rong , Li Caixia , Li Li , Luo Ning , Cheng Zhongping
Published: April 2020

Background: The recent publication of LACC Clinical Trial (NCT00614211) stated that minimally invasive radical hysterectomy was associated with lower rates of disease-free survival and overall survival than open abdominal radical hysterectomy among women with early-stage cervical cancer (ECC). The purpose of this present study is to evaluate clinical outcomes of laparoscopic standardized radical hysterectomy for ECC. Methods: This is a retrospective controlled study. 328 women with ECC (IA1, IA2, IB1 or IIA1) underwent primary surgery treatments by laparoscopy or laparotomy in Tenth’s People Hospitals. The women diagnosed as stage IB1 or IIA1 performed radical hysterectomy (RH). The total parametrium excision in process of radical hysterectomy was clarified specially in the study. Results: 186 patients underwent open surgery and 142 ones were performed laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic surgery was associated with less blood loss (194.43±84.40ml vs. 362.68±253.36ml, P<0.01), shorter hospital staying (11day vs. 14day, P<0.01) and fewer risk of blood transfusion (2.8% vs. 18.8%, P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in postoperative complications between two groups (18/142,12.7% vs. 21/186,11.3% P>0.05). The rate of 5-years overall survival (OS) was 92.8% in laparoscopy group similar to that of 94.4% in open group (p=0.762). Disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 3 years in laparoscopy group significantly decreased when compared to open group (91.8% vs 95.0%, p=0.030). But there was no difference in 3-years DFS among the women with tumor size <2cm (100% vs 97.0%, p=0.818). Discussion: Laparoscopic surgery was associated with preferable surgical quality compared to open surgery in ECC. Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy may be fit to the women with tumor <2cm. Standardized radical hysterectomy helps to promise the clinical outcomes of LRH in ECC.
Effects of light intensity on non-structural carbohydrate contents and C:N:P stoichiometry in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba
Authors: Liu Qingqing , Huang Zhijun , Wang Zhengning , Chen Yanfang , Wen Zhumei , Liu Bo , Tigabu Mulualem
Published: April 2020

Background: An understanding of the light requirement of tree species has paramount importance in management of mixed species forests. Here, we examined changes in leaf morphological traits, non-structural carbohydrate contents and C:N:P stoichiometry in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Schima superba seedlings that were grown under five light intensity levels (5%, 15%, 40%, 60%, and 100% sunlight) in a shade house. Results: Mean leaf area was significantly larger under 40% light intensity for C. lanceolata while maximum mean leaf area was observed under 15% light intensity for S. superba seedlings, whereas leaf mass per area decreased consistently with decreasing light intensity in S. superba; Non-structural carbohydrate content was higher for S. superba than C. lanceolata when seedlings were exposed to 100%, 15% and 5% light intensity; Leaf C:N ratio decreased while N:P ratio increased with decreasing light intensity; leaf C:P ratio was highest in 40% light intensity for C. lanceolata and in 60% light intensity for S. superba. Conclusion: S. superba is better adapted to low light intensity than C. lanceolata through enlarged leaf area and increased carbohydrate reserves that allow the plant to better maintain C balance. From mixed species planting viewpoint, it would be advisable to plant S. superba later once the canopy of C. lanceolata is well developed but allowing enough sunlight (up to 15%-60%).
SLGT11 Controls Floral Organ Patterning and Floral Meristem Termination in Tomato
Authors: Yang Liling , Qi Shilian , touqeer Arfa , Li Haiyang , Wu Shuang
Published: April 2020

Background: Flower development affects fruit production directly in tomato. Despite the framework mediated by ABC genes have been established in Arabidopsis, the spatiotemporal precision of floral development in tomato has not been well examined.Results: Here, we analyzed a novel tomato mutant in which the normal development of stamens and carpels failed, resulting in ectopic formation of floral and shoot apical meristem in the fourth whorl position, which later developed into stem- and leaf-like structures. Using bulked segregant analysis (BSA), we assigned the causal mutation to the gene SLGT11 that encodes a transcription factor belonging to Trihelix gene family. Further RNAi silencing of SLGT11 verified the defective phenotypes of slf mutant. The failed termination of floral meristem and the occurrence of floral reversion in slf mutant indicate that SLGT11 functions as a non-canonical C type gene. Furthermore, we found that the defects in slf were substantially enhanced at higher temperature, with petals transformed into sepals, all stamens disappeared, and increased frequency of ectopic floral meristem.Conclusions: Together with the spatiotemporal expression pattern, we suggest that SLGT11 functions in floral organ patterning and termination of floral meristem identity in tomato.
Patients’ and tutors’ assessment of General Practice/Family Medicine consultations conducted by medical students in Coimbra, Portugal
Authors: Santiago Luiz Miguel , Silva Inês Rosendo , Simões José Augusto
Published: April 2020

Background: Undergraduate teaching of General Practice/Family Medicine (GP/FM) must ensure students acquire the necessary competencies and skills to perform an adequate GP/FM consultation with adequate annotations (the SOAP model) and classifications. So aimed to study and to correlate students’ evaluation by tutors and patients in specific consultations in the formal practical evaluation of GP/FM Curricular Unit of the Integrated Masters on Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra (IMM-FMUC) in the academic years of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019.Methods: Observational study of the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 academic years of the assessment grids for tutor’s evaluation of SOAP performance and fluency in consultation and for patient’s evaluation of the student ‘performance, in the convenience sample of those who chose to be so evaluated.Results: We studied a population of 435 (67,7%) out of a universe of 646 students, 125 (28,7%) males, ns by sex and academic year who performed this evaluation. In a mark up to 20 from tutors, difference was found for Plan (P) mark, higher in 2018-2019 (18,38±2,18vs18,54±2,11, p=0,005) of the SOAP methodology evaluation. Patients’ evaluation was not different 19,34±1,70vs19,35±1,40, p=0,091. A positive significant correlation was found between tutors and patients marks (ρ=0,278; p<0,001), as well as between tutor mark and final mark (ρ=0,958; p<0,001) and patient and final marks (ρ=0,465; p<0,001). Final marks were not different in both years, 18,61±1,38vs18,78±1,15, p=0,158.Conclusions: This innovative model of evaluation of student’s performance in medical appointment, showed a significant positive moderate correlation between patients’ and tutors’ marks in the setting of GP/FM at the IMM-FMUC, and was not different between years. Yearly evaluation must be continued.
Phenotyping Individuals With Newly-Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes at Risk for All-Cause Mortality: A Single Centre Observational, Prospective Study
Authors: Biancalana Edoardo , Parolini Federico , Mengozzi Alessandro , Solini Anna
Published: April 2020

Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) shows a high mortality rate, dependent on disease duration, comorbidities and glucose control over time. Data on patients with short disease duration are scanty. Methods We prospectively followed a cohort of newly-diagnosed T2D patients referring to a single diabetes centre, treated according to the international guidelines and checked every 6-12 months. All-cause mortality and major cardiovascular (CV) events were registered. Results 289 patients out of 3019 consecutive first attendances matched inclusion criteria and were included in the observation. Mean follow-up was 51.2 months. At 31 December 2018, 253 patients were alive and 36 deceased. At baseline, deceased individuals were older, with lower eGFR and lower uric acid, higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation. During the follow-up, 18 non-fatal CV events were adjudicated; patients with incident CV disease (CVD) differed at baseline for sex, previous history of CVD and retinopathy, higher use of secretagogues and lower use of metformin. At multivariate analysis, age and previous CVD were the only independent determinants of all-cause mortality and incident CVD, respectively. In deceased individuals, eGFR slope was markedly unstable and ΔeGFR at the end of the follow-up was higher (p<0.001), and predicted mortality. Conclusion Newly-diagnosed T2D patients followed according to the best clinical practice show a mortality rate similar to that reported in more complicated patients with longer disease duration; none of the clinical and biochemical variables commonly measured at baseline can predict mortality or incident CVD; early metformin use seems to be associated with no risk of prevalent or incident retinopathy.
An ongoing debate: Are the patients receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers more susceptible to COVID-19 ?
Authors: YILMAZ Sarper , ELALDI Nazif , ERTIN Hakan
Published: April 2020

As a result of the unprecedented current pandemic, abundant publications about the various aspects of this disease appear in the scientific journals. Among them, one publication deserves special attention because of recommending a substantial change in the management of patients in the current pandemic. This publication recommended the disuse of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers because of the risk of worsening the infection. Immediately following its publication in the Lancet Respiratory Medicine, a vivid discussion emerged in the scientific communities. Herein we will try to summarize this event as a case and mention the important points of the discussion under the light of the relevant literature.
Effects of Matrix Stiffness on the Differentiation of Multipotent Stem Cells
Authors: Zhang Weidong , Chu Genglei , Wang Huan , Chen Song , Li Bin , Han Fengxuan
Published: April 2020

Differentiation of stem cells, a crucial step in the process of tissue development, repair and regeneration, can be regulated by a variety of mechanical factors such as the stiffness of extracellular matrix. In this review article, the effects of stiffness on the differentiation of stem cells, including bone marrow-derived stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells and neural stem cells, are briefly summarized. Compared to two-dimensional (2D) surfaces, three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel systems better resemble the native environment in the body. Hence, the studies which explore the effects of stiffness on stem cell differentiation in 3D environments are specifically introduced. Integrin is a well-known transmembrane molecule, which plays an important role in the mechanotransduction process. In this review, several integrin-associated signaling molecules, including caveolin, piezo and Yes-associated protein (YAP), are also introduced. In addition, as stiffness-mediated cell differentiation may be affected by other factors, the combined effects of matrix stiffness and viscoelasticity, surface topography, chemical composition, and external mechanical stimuli on cell differentiation are also summarized.
Development and Modification of a Mobile Health Program to Promote Postpartum Weight Loss in Women at Elevated Risk for Cardiometabolic Disease: Single-Arm Pilot Study
Authors: Nicklas Jacinda M , Leiferman Jenn A , Lockhart Steven , Daly Kristen M , Bull Sheana S , Barbour Linda A
Published: April 2020

Background

Pregnancy complications in combination with postpartum weight retention lead to significant risks of cardiometabolic disease and obesity. The majority of traditional face-to-face interventions have not been effective in postpartum women. Mobile technology enables the active engagement of postpartum women to promote lifestyle changes to prevent chronic diseases.

Objective

We sought to employ an interactive, user-centered, and participatory method of development, evaluation, and iteration to design and optimize the mobile health (mHealth) Fit After Baby program.

Methods

For the initial development, a multidisciplinary team integrated evidence-based approaches for health behavior, diet and physical activity, and user-centered design and engagement. We implemented an iterative feedback and design process via 3 month-long beta pilots in which postpartum women with cardiometabolic risk factors participated in the program and provided weekly and ongoing feedback. We also conducted two group interviews using a structured interview guide to gather additional feedback. Qualitative data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using established qualitative methods. Modifications based on feedback were integrated into successive versions of the app.

Results

We conducted three pilot testing rounds with a total of 26 women. Feedback from each pilot cohort informed changes to the functionality and content of the app, and then a subsequent pilot group participated in the program. We optimized the program in response to feedback through three iterations leading to a final version.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the feasibility of using an interactive, user-centered, participatory method of rapid, iterative design and evaluation to develop and optimize a mHealth intervention program for postpartum women.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02384226; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02384226
Risk and recovery among high school athletes who sustained at least one sports-related concussion
Authors: Kinney Adam R , Anderson Dustin , Stearns-Yoder Kelly A , Brenner Lisa A , Forster Jeri E
Published: April 2020

Aim: Evidence of factors explaining sports-related concussion (SRC) risk and recovery among high school athletes remains inconclusive. Materials & methods: Prospective study of a real-world sample of high school athletes (n = 77) who sustained ≤1 SRC. Among those with multiple SRCs, recovery time between events was investigated. To investigate concussion risk, baseline characteristics of athletes with a single versus multiple SRC(s) were compared. Results: Recovery time did not differ across events. There were no differences between those with a single versus multiple SRCs. Conclusion: Recovery time between initial and subsequent concussive events did not differ, suggesting that prior concussion may not prolong recovery. Baseline characteristics did not explain heightened concussion risk. Investigation of these relationships using more representative samples is needed.
SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES IMPORT FROM UNSTRUCTURED DATA
Authors: Veljković Nataša , Puflovic Darko , Stoimenov Leonid
Published: April 2020

Along teaching scientific research is second most important task for every university and faculty member. Research results are commonly published as journal papers, book chapters or as conference proceedings with the purpose to communicate the findings in academic circles, serve as promotion, or be used for tenure or reapplication. Maintaining the list of scientific references, can be a time consuming and tedious activity. To help along the process we have created a Web application named References that makes the process of editing and formatting the references partially automated and less time consuming. In this paper we present the architecture of the application, its functionalities and newly added feature that enables importing references both from structured and unstructured data.
Saberes docentes sobre o estudante com altas habilidades: estamos preparados para acolhê-lo?
Authors: Jung Hildegard Susana , Vaz Douglas , Benatti Remi Maria Zanatta
Published: April 2020

O objetivo da pesquisa consiste em discutir sobre a perspectiva docente em relação à inclusão de alunos com altas habilidades no ambiente escolar. A metodologia é de abordagem qualitativa e buscou informações em uma revisão de literatura e em dados empíricos levantados por meio de um questionário enviado a docentes. Os resultados apontam para: a) a necessidade de uma cultura inclusiva na escola e na universidade; b) os professores não se sentem preparados para trabalhar com alunos com altas habilidades; c) a necessidade de uma sólida formação docente inicial e continuada que aborde as altas habilidades. Precisamos que a escola com a cultura de inclusão, na qual todos possam sentir-se acolhidos como parte importante do ambiente de aprendizagem. Os estudantes com altas habilidades são seres privilegiados com uma inteligência fora dos padrões para determinadas áreas e a escola pode ajudá-los a desenvolver este potencial para que tenham uma vida repleta de sentido e feliz.
TEOLOGI PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL (Melacak Konsep Multikulturalisme dalam Islam)
Authors: Fadly Haeri
Published: April 2020

TEOLOGI PENDIDIKANMULTIKULTURAL(Melacak Konsep Multikulturalismedalam Islam)Haeri Fadly *)KATALIS Pusat StudiIslam dan Filsafat UniversitasMuhammdiyah MalangABSTRACTThe fact of the plural Life is as unavoidable reality. But, how we shouldappreciate and treat this wealth as social capital to build and develop the peacefullife and tolerant? Education as social negotiation sphere and transfer ofknowledge is assumed effective to conduct the resuscitation and understandingabout the values of plurality and multiculturality. Islam is also teaching us aboutthis plural reality in which has to be accepted. Based on a study of the doctrineand history of Islam, this paper also want to show the evidence from detailed casehistory of the Muhammad Prophet in MadinahKeyword:Theologi, Pendidikan, Multikultural
TEOLOGI LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Nur Tualeka Muhammad Wahid
Published: April 2020

TEOLOGI LINGKUNGAN HIDUPDALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAMOleh :Muhammad Wahid Nur Tualeka *)Fakultas Agama Islam UniversitasMuhammadiyah SurabayaABSTRACTThe study discussed the God’s purpose for creation. Allah SWT creation, including universe,human, and environment, indicated human’s duty as the God’s Caliph to manage it for theirprosperity. Therefore, human was expected to preserve nature and environment despite the socialdynamics or changes possibly leading to the natural destruction. However, as the God’s Caliph,human’s effort was still considered far from the expectation; even, human initiated the destructionthemselves. Therefore, the values of environmental theology needed to be reconstructed to generatemore applicable definition or context of human duty as the God’s CaliphKeywords: Theology, Environment, IslamicPerspective
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Authors: Progressiva Journal Manager
Published: April 2020

Cover Progressiva
Minat Mahasiswa terhadap Bahasa Arab: Studi pada Program Pendidikan Ulama Tarjih FakultasAgama Islam Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Authors: Rahim Fathor
Published: April 2020

This article explains about the interest of students Program Pendidikan Ulama Tarjih University of Muhammadiyah Malang (PPUT UMM) towards Arabic language education program. The study of the interests of prospective ulama students in Muhammadiyah is important, because: First, it has never been done, especially relating specifically to improving the ability of Arabic as a "science tool"; Secondly, it is very useful to identify the quality of knowledge of the tools of the Muhammadiyah ulama candidates; third, the quality of the tool knowledge possessed is certainly useful as a recommendation for lecturers supporting Islamic sciences. The study uses an elaborative research model, namely qualitative, quantitative and descriptive. This article argues, PPUT students have a strong interest in pursuing Arabic.
Oferta de acessibilidade na prefeitura e câmara de vereadores do município de Santa Rosa/RS
Authors: Visentini Monize Sâmara , Auth Abel Eduardo , Söthe Ari
Published: April 2020

Tendo em vista a importância da acessibilidade urbana na promoção da qualidade de vida e legitimação do exercício da cidadania aos portadores de necessidades especiais (PNE), neste trabalho analisa-se a sua oferta, no ano de 2017, na Prefeitura e na Câmara de Vereadores do município de Santa Rosa/RS. O estudo de abordagem qualitativa foi realizado por meio de análise documental, entrevistas, e observação direta. A análise documental abrangeu normas federais e legislação municipal. Por meio das entrevistas, verificou-se a percepção de 12 gestores públicos municipais. Também se realizou uma observação estruturada dos critérios de acessibilidade. Os resultados apontam que o município se mostrou um dos precursores no que se refere à legislação que atende aos PNE. Na percepção dos gestores, a estrutura da Câmara mostrou-se mais acessível do que o prédio da Prefeitura Municipal. Conclusivamente, percebe-se que a presença de PNE é pouco significativa nos espaços públicos municipais investigados, impedindo vivências concretas e consciências das limitações desses munícipes ao frequentá-los.
China venture market overview
Authors: Reshetnikova Marina S.
Published: April 2020

Today the Chinese economy has rapidly begun the transition to a new stage of development. Its basis is high-tech production and national breakthrough technologies. This process happens due to the transformation of the government strategy in the direction of scaling up innovation through the inclusion of small and medium enterprises. China has been able to raise venture investments for its new development plan. However, since 2016, the rapid growth of the Chinese venture market has raised many concerns. The purpose of the study was to analyze and assess the current state of China's venture capital market. The research proved that, despite signs of overheating, it is still premature to talk about the formation of a “bubble” in the Chinese venture market. The article concludes with a discussion that China is transforming itself again and that the next wave of innovation and private entrepreneurship will be the wave of the future, with substantial global consequences.
La economía creativa, una alternativa emprendedora para una paz sostenible
Authors: Muñoz-Rodríguez Marilyn , Avellaneda-Bautista Alcides
Published: April 2020

Introducción: Este artículo presenta los resultados de una de las líneas de acción del proyecto Por una Paz Sostenible, desde el cual se quiere entender el concepto de paz como una posibilidad de avance económico y de convivencia en Colombia no dependiente de las acciones gubernamentales.  Metodología: Se recopiló la información a partir de fuentes secundarias, bases de datos institucionales y otras fuentes que analizan políticas de gobierno relacionadas con la economía creativa, esto con el objetivo de poder establecer las diferentes posibilidades disponibles para el desarrollo de emprendimientos que contribuyan a una paz sostenible.  Resultados: Los principales resultados muestran que esta propuesta económica no requiere de una infraestructura robusta para su desarrollo, actualmente se vienen implementando políticas públicas que fortalecen el desarrollo de la economía naranja, y existe legislación que fomenta la economía naranja otorgando beneficios tributarios.
Administración de los procesos de internacionalización aplicables al Departamento de Boyacá
Authors: Castro-Hernández Paula , Carvajal Alexander
Published: April 2020

Introducción: Llevar a cabo un proceso de internacionalización exitoso, implica para las economías, una adaptación de modelos o estructuras de acuerdo a sus condiciones de crecimiento y desarrollo. Para Boyacá, el panorama sugiere que es necesario aunar esfuerzos y hacer frente a los retos, que los procesos de internacionalización involucran. Por ello, el principal objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la(s) estructuras de procesos de internacionalización tomadas por distintas economías del mundo que mejor correspondan al contexto económico del departamento. Metodología: se basó en una revisión teórica de dichos procesos expuestos en veinte artículos seleccionados para el desarrollo de este trabajo; en ella también se establecieron los criterios para realizar el análisis evaluativo que diera lugar a los resultados. Resultados: se presentan mediante una matriz de evaluación ordinal y un resumen de los artículos seleccionados.  Como conclusión se encuentra que el modelo más adecuado, orientado al fortalecimiento de la economía de la región es el expuesto en el trabajo “Internacionalización de Nuevas Empresas de Economía Emergente: el papel de las Diferencias dentro del País”.
Kazak, Türkmen ve Kıbrıs Türklerinin Halk İnançları ile Gelenekleri Üzerine Karş
Authors: Yeniasır Mustafa
Published: April 2020

İnanç olgusu en eski devrilerden günümüze kadar insanların temel sosyal ihtiyaçlarından biri olmuş ve tarih boyunca milletlerin kültürlerinin şekillenmesinde önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Türk kültür atlasının oluşumunda da çeşitli dinlerin, inançların ve inanç sistemlerinin etkisi olmuştur. Sözgelimi en eski çağlarda etkisini gösteren animizm, totemizm, daha sonraları Şamanizm, Gök Tanrıcılık ve en sonda da Müslümanlık kültürün şekillenmesinde önemli bir rol oynamış ve halk inançlarının temellerini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın araştırma alanı olarak belirlenen Kazakistan, Türkmenistan ve Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta da özellikle animizm, totemizm, Şamanizm, Gök Tanrıcılık ve Müslümanlığın halk inançlarına kaynaklık ettiği söylenebilir. Makalede her üç bölgenin halk inançları söz konusu çerçevede araştırılıp tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. İnanç ve âdetlerin tespitinde öncelikle literatür taraması yapılmış, veriler doküman analizi tekniğiyle toplanmış ve tespit edilen verilerin doğrulanmasında kaynak kişilerle karşılıklı görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Karşılıklı görüşmelerde kaynaklarda tespit edilen inançların halen geçerliliğini koruyup korumadığı sorgulanmış ve sonuçlar çalışmada belirtilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı Kazak, Türkmen ve Kıbrıs Türklerinin halk inançlarını karşılaştırmak, bunların benzerlik ve farklılıklarını belirlemek ve bu inançları yorumlamaktır. Bu amaçtan yola çıkılarak yapılan incelemede Kazakistan ve Türkmenistan’da halk inançları ve âdetlerin birçoğunun halen yaygın olarak toplum hayatında etkisini sürdürdüğü, Kıbrıs Türklerinde ise bunların uygulanmasında zayıflamalar ve kaybolmalar olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelemeler sonucunda inançların temelinde ağırlıklı olarak Türklerin inanmış olduğu eski dinler, inanç sistemleri ve İslamiyet’in bulunduğu görülmüştür.
Neoclassical geopolitics: Preliminary theoretical principles and methodological guidelines
Authors: Morgado Nuno
Published: April 2020

The paper is aimed at making geopolitical studies and neoclassical
geopolitics equivalent. In this sense, the objectives are conceptual and
operational, comprising an original definition of geopolitical studies, and
the explanation of the neoclassical geopolitics model and its variables:
systemic stimuli, the geopolitical agent?s perceptions and capacities, and
foreign policy outcomes (primarily the geopolitical design). Therefore, the
problem at stake is to tie up several theoretical and methodological
contributions into a solid new geopolitical model, in the limits of the
phenomenological and soft positivist sphere. Two sections constituted the
structure of this qualitative paper: 1) formulation of a chain of
theoretical fundaments in geopolitical studies, and 2) description of a
group of methodological steps that a geopolitical study can use. The
research advances a) a new definition of geopolitical studies, b) explains
the concept of geomisguidance, c) frames and unwraps Ratzel?s concept of
Raumsinn, and d) ultimately systematises and assesses geopolitical studies?
literature of different languages with respect to theory and methodology.
All these findings were oriented to the practical aspect of the
operationalisation of geopolitical studies, presenting the compact
conclusion that the analysis of location is not enough for a grand vision of
geopolitical studies as an international relations approach.
Feminist geopolitics: A contested and rebellious offspring of geopolitical knowledge
Authors: Korac Srdjan
Published: April 2020

The paper discusses the general features of the theoretical, epistemological,
and methodological framework of a feminist approach in the early
21st-century Geopolitics with the aim to discover how its proponents
challenge the established ?truths? of (neo)classical geopolitics and make
innovative interventions to ?repair? and improve the knowledge produced in
critical geopolitics. Being the most recent offspring of geopolitical
knowledge that emerged only three decades ago, feminist geopolitics provoked
an immediate backlash from the colleagues from the mainstream political
geography in terms of recognising its disciplinary position. The author
gives an overview of the body of a significant feminist geopolitical work
drawn up based on a selected batch of most important international journals
and edited volumes published since 2001. The author argues that the
contribution of theoretical, epistemological and methodological insights of
feminist geopolitics should be located in counterbalancing of the rigidity
of the discipline mainstream, and in insisting on the analysis of the
intersections of the public (state, global) and the private/intimate (body,
home), interrelatedness of embodied life practices and abstract/bureaucratic
geopolitical projects, as well as on the introduction of post-positivist
methodological approaches and techniques. The paper systemises the most
important feminist research questions, and particularly legitimate topics of
the day, which were ignored or missed by the mainstream geopolitical
research. The author concludes that the feminist approach still remains a
dissident body of knowledge within the geopolitical thought, but with an
emancipatory potential in creating theoretical and political space in which
to articulate a more responsive notion of geopolitics - taken both as
knowledge and practice - that might address victimisation of marginalised
population entangled in imperial projects.
The Participation Constraint and CEO Equity Grants
Authors: Cadman Brian , Carter Mary Ellen , Peng Xiaoxia
Published: April 2020

We examine whether firms benchmark annual equity grants to compensation peers and whether meeting the participation constraint is a motive. Studying CEO equity grants over the period of 2006–2016 and compensation peers disclosed by the firm, we find that equity grants by these peers significantly determine a firm's equity grants. We find no evidence that the relation between a firm's and its peers' CEO equity grants is an indirect outcome of meeting peer total compensation levels. In contrast, we show that firms are more likely to meet peer equity grant levels when the labor market is more competitive and when losing key personnel is a risk factor. We also find that CEO turnover is more likely when the CEO receives lower equity grants than peers. Collectively, these findings are consistent with the theoretical prediction that benchmarking equity grants helps firms satisfy the participation constraint, which varies with performance.

Data Availability: Data are available from sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: G34; J33; J40; M12; M52.
Using Audit Programs to Improve Auditor Evidence Collection
Authors: Hammersley Jacqueline S. , Ricci Michael A.
Published: April 2020

Auditors experience difficulty auditing accounts for which it is difficult to identify in advance all the evidence necessary to perform an effective audit. These accounts are challenging because they commonly require auditors to collect additional, relevant evidence in response to new information received during evidence collection. We address this experimentally by examining whether changing the focus of audit programs from plan-focused (i.e., focused on the planned audit procedures) to goal-focused (i.e., focused on the task goal) improves auditors' collection of relevant evidence that is not identifiable at audit program creation. We expect goal-focused auditors to remain open to more ways to achieve their goal. Consequently, we expect and find that goal-focused auditors collect more effective evidence than plan-focused auditors and follow up more effectively on this evidence. This suggests that a goal-focused approach improves audit quality on tasks requiring auditors to flexibly respond to new information.
Influence of the pulse duration at near-infrared wavelengths on the laser-induced material removal of hot-dipped galvanized steel
Authors: Mustafa H. , Matthews D. T. A. , Römer G. R. B. E.
Published: April 2020

Hot-dipped galvanized steel is processed with short- and ultrashort-pulsed lasers in air at near-infrared wavelengths with pulse durations ranging from 350 fs to 241 ns. The morphology of the ablated craters (processed over a range of laser fluence levels and a number of laser pulses) is analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The ablation threshold of galvanized steel is found to increase with laser pulse durations following a simple power Fth=A.τB law. Longer pulse durations in the nanosecond regime, as compared to pulse durations in the picosecond and femtosecond regime, result in higher ablation efficiency and energy penetration depth at the cost of surface quality.
BALANCE HALAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN: A MATHEMATICAL MODEL APPROACH FOR HALAL FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Kurniawati Dwi Agustina
Published: April 2020

As the demand for halal food becomes raising and the supply of halal food is limited, it is required a strategy to optimize the halal food supply chain. The optimization of halal food supply chain can support its sustainability. Therefore, study about halal food supply chain optimization is required. This paper try to develop a mathematical model, entitled as Balance Halal Supply Chain (BHSC) model. This model propose a distribution strategy for halal food supply chain from limited halal slaughterhouses to several halal markets so as the total cost of distribution becomes minimize. It is assumed that all halal market demands must be fulfilled, so the lack ness cost becomes zero. The model try to fulfill all the halal market demands and minimize the oversupply and transportation costs. BHSC is modeled as MILP. Numerical experiment is performed to validate the model and it is solved by CPLEX Solver Version 12.6.3. Based on the experiment result, it is shown that the model can be used by halal supply chain decision maker as the decision making tool to design the best strategy for distributing the limited number of halal meat to many halal markets for its supply chain sustainability. The BHSC model can minimize the total cost of distribution that consists of oversupply and transportation costs, in the case of all halal market demands must be fulfilled. In conclusion, the proposed model becomes an alternative method to support the halal food supply chain sustainability.
Optimalisasi Rute Distribusi Produk Menggunakan Metode Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Auliasari Karina , Kertaningtyas Mariza , Basuki Diah Wilis Lestarining
Published: April 2020

Permasalahan yang sering terjadi dalam proses pendistribusian produk pada perusahaan ini adalah belum optimalnya rute pendistribusian produk sehingga seringkali terjadi perubahan rute dan penjadwalan ulang pengiriman produk. Hal ini terjadi karena pihak manajemen pemasaran belum mengaplikasikan suatu metode optimalisasi dan belum adanya dukunga terkomputerisasi untuk menghasilkan informasi yang mendukung dalam pengambilan keputusan rute distribusi. Tujuan diterapkannya metode traveling salesman problem (TSP) adalah memberikan pilihan solusi rute distribusi yang dapat meminimalisir keterlambatan pengiriman barang dan mengoptimalkan sarana transportasi, sumber daya manusia, waktu dan biaya yang dimiliki untuk mengirimkan produk. Berdasarkan hasil uji performa penerapan metode TSP menunjukkan bahwa menggunakan parameter jarak dan waktu tempuh maka dapat dihasilkan pilihan dua rute pengiriman yang berbeda. Pilihan dua rute yang dihasilkan dari komputerisasi menggunakan metode TSP dengan teknik branch and bound dilengkapi dengan penyajian pohon keputusan dari titik awal hingga titik tujuan yang pada akhirnya membentuk rute yang optimal.
Aplikasi Pelayanan Servis AC Mobil pada Andromeda Bengkulu
Authors: Kanedi Indra , Siswanto Siswanto
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAKAplikasi pepelayan sevis AC mobil pada CV. Andromeda bengkulu dimana dalam proses kerja aplikasi pelayanan servis ini menggunakan bahasa pemrograman visual basic. 6.0. Metode yang dilakukan pada Aplikasi Pelayanan Servis AC Mobil pada ANDROMEDA ini menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem dan metode blackbox, yaitu dengan menguji form input data yang terdapat pada Aplikasi Pelayanan Servis AC Mobil pada ANDROMEDA. Hasil Aplikasi pelayanan servis ini pada CV.Andromeda  yaitu  tiga input dan empat output yang terdiri input perbaikan input pelanggan dan input transakasi sedangkan output terdiri dari laporan Perbaikan, laporan transaksi perhari dan perbulan, laporan nota, pengimputan dan laporan data-data pelayanan servis AC.Mobil Andromeda ini lebih akurat dan detil serta cepat dan efektip. Primary Key : Pelayanan, Transaksi, Servis AC Mobil
OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS OF PRESSURE-SWING ADSORPTION CYCLE IN A SILICA GEL DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFICATION SYSTEM
Authors: Kannan V.Suresh , Arjunan T.V.
Published: April 2020

Parametric study on pressure-swing adsorption cycle desiccant dehumidification system is a continuous engineering task with the aim of analyzing its effects and attains target quality of dry air for an industrial process. An experimental setup is developed with a dehumidification tower, regeneration tower,and flow control valve.The effect of process air inlet moisture content, cycle time ratio, and regeneration air flow rate on the adsorption performance is studied to evaluate the potential of the dehumidification system suitable for drying applications. The optimal dehumidification parameters are found, and a regression equation is also developed for the process. It is concluded that, process air inlet moisture is the most influencing parameter compared to regeneration air flow rate and cycle time ratio for the silica gel desiccant dehumidification system.
Influencia de la temperatura en la floración de Quercus en el sur de Galicia (Ourense y Vigo, 1994-98)
Authors: Rodríguez-Rajo Javier , Méndez José , Jato María Victoria
Published: April 2020

Los requerimientos necesarios para que las plantas sobrevivan a condiciones climáticas adversas son satisfechos mediante el uso de adaptaciones fisiológicas. Así, las plantas leñosas de la zona templada, para prevenir el congelamiento del agua intracelular, ralentizan su crecimiento hasta casi paralizarlo, entrando en un estado fisiológico denominado "dormancia". Muchos autores indican que el final de la fase de dormancia requiere un período de bajas temperaturas seguido de otro con temperaturas más altas. En el momento en el que los actimulos de frío y de calor son completados, se produce la floración. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la influencia que un parámetro climático como la temperatura ejerce sobre Quercus en el sur de Galicia, para poder predecir el inicio del período de dormancia, su duración y los consecuentes requerimientos de frío y calor, para que la floración tenga lugar. En este sentido hemos elegido dos zonas con parámetros de temperatura diferentes: una zona con temperaturas suaves, Vigo y otra con temperaturas mas frías, Ourense. El monitorizaje ha sido llevado a cabo mediante el uso de un captador volumétrico tipo Hirst LANZONI VPPS 2000, de recambio semanal. Quercus comienza su período de polinación en el mes de marzo, se inicia durante la primera quincena en Vigo, y unos pocos días más tarde se produce en Ourense. Durante los cuatro años de estudio, para superar el período de dormancia Ourense necesitó una media de 778 unidades de frío (Chilling Hours) y Vigo un menor requerimiento con solamente 458 CH. En el caso del actímulo de calor, Ourense presenta el menor requerimiento con una media de 352 GDD (Growth Degree Days) y Vigo alrededor de 450 GDD.
Notas de orquídeas de Andalucía (España)
Authors: Lowe Michael R.
Published: April 2020

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