bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capital social et gestion du risque dans les réseaux de l’entrepreneuriat immigré en Afrique centrale : le cas des Maliens au Congo-Brazzaville
Authors: Dzaka-Kikouta Théophile , Makany Luyindula G. Davy
Published: January 2019

Partant de la littérature sur l’entrepreneuriat ethnique et d’une enquête effectuée en 2010, à Brazzaville,auprès de 220 répondants parmi les entrepreneurs immigrants maliens, cet article cherche à savoir dansquelle mesure les performances entrepreneuriales d’immigrants maliens exerçant au Congo-Brazzaville, dansdes PME familiales, procèdent-elles du capital social? Celui-ci signifie un fort degré de réseautage des ressourcesethniques selon Menzies, Brenner et Filion (2003). Nous émettons l’hypothèse que ces entrepreneurs,implantés au Congo depuis les années 1960, forment une « minorité intermédiaire durable » (Bonacich, 1973).L’étude identifie les facteurs de succès de cet entrepreneuriat en lien avec la gestion du risque par le recoursau capital social induisant une réduction des coûts de transaction. L’impact de ces entrepreneurs sur le développementlocal du pays d’origine et du pays d’accueil est évalué; sont dégagées aussi leurs stratégies d’adaptationau risque d’éviction du marché, à cause de la concurrence récente des réseaux marchands d’immigrantschinois.
De l’encre de Chine aux drones : 50 ans de cartographie à l’Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (1969-2019)
Authors: Gauthier Majella-J.
Published: January 2019

Les 50 dernières années ont vu s’opérer des changements importants dans le monde universitaire. C’estle cas notamment de la cartographie. Que ce soit du côté de l’enseignement ou de la recherche; les progrès réalisésdepuis les débuts de l’Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC) en 1969 témoignent de plusieurs aspects de cettequestion. Au cours de cette période a pris forme la théorie de la communication cartographique, et ont été développésles outils et techniques, particulièrement avec l’arrivée de l’ordinateur. On a pu analyser les caractéristiques et les nuancesde l’espace géographique, puis la pratique de la cartographie s’est généralisée et répandue vers d’autres champs disciplinaires.De même, son enseignement a été l’objet d’une révolution, notamment avec la venue de l’informatique et duWeb. Il est intéressant de lire le témoignage d’un géographe, professeur de cartographie, qui a vécu toutes ces transformationset a su les appliquer dans le développement de la région du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean.
La mise en marque des villes et des régions en France : la gouvernance comme facteur clé de succès
Authors: Houllier-Guibert Charles-Édouard , Miriel Anne
Published: January 2019

Nombreux sont les territoires en France qui ont organisé ces dernières années la gestion de l’imageofficielle d’un territoire à l’échelle des métropoles ou des régions. Plusieurs ont échoué, mais d’autres sontparvenus à les lancer grâce à la gouvernance mise en place autour de l’objet « marque ». Il reste à pérenniserces marques, outil de dynamisation collective des parties prenantes qui deviennent acteurs territoriaux. Cetarticle décrit la dimension relationnelle d’agents économiques, culturels ou sociaux, accompagnés par les servicespublics de l’administration locale et qui ont comme point commun la quête d’une dynamique territoriale.
Bitcoin et chaîne de blocs : état des lieux et implications pour la gouvernance mondiale
Authors: Arsenault Joanie , Ertz Myriam
Published: January 2019

À la fin de l’année 2017, le cours du Bitcoin a frôlé la barre symbolique des 20 000 dollars américains,créant ainsi un intérêt grandissant de la part des milieux d’affaires, des médias, des preneurs de décision, et du grandpublic. La communauté scientifique n’est pas en reste puisque des courants de recherche entiers sur le sujet sontapparus dans des disciplines aussi variées que la finance, l’économie, le marketing, l’éthique, l’informatique ou encorele droit. L’intérêt du duo cryptomonnaies – chaîne de blocs, en général, et du Bitcoin, en particulier –, s’est toutefoislimité à l’examen des aspects techniques, des capacités transactionnelles et des implications pour le commerce et lafinance. Très peu d’études se sont penchées sur l’examen des conséquences de ces systèmes d’échange décentraliséset pair-à-pair, tels que le Bitcoin et la chaîne de blocs, sur les configurations actuelles de la gouvernance mondiale.Cet article a pour objectif de faire un compte rendu commenté de l’ouvrage collectif Bitcoin and Beyond : Cryptocurrencies,Blockchains, and Global Governance. Dans cet ouvrage, Malcolm Campbell-Verduyn met à contribution plusieursauteurs afin de mettre en lumière la manière dont la chaîne de blocs déborde du strict cadre économique et financierpour s’intégrer dans la gestion des sphères politique, légale et juridique. Ce faisant, l’ouvrage lève le voile sur denombreuses implications des cryptomonnaies et de la chaîne de blocs pour la gouvernance mondiale, souventméconnues et très peu étudiées dans la littérature, mais d’importance capitale dans un monde de plus en plusmondialisé.
Dorsal Horn Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Expressing Neurons Transmit Spinal Itch But Not Pain Signals
Authors: Albisetti Gioele W. , Pagani Martina , Platonova Evgenia , Hösli Ladina , Johannssen Helge C. , Fritschy Jean-Marc , Wildner Hendrik , Zeilhofer Hanns Ulrich
Published: January 2019

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a spinal itch transmitter expressed by a small population of dorsal horn interneurons (GRP neurons). The contribution of these neurons to spinal itch relay is still only incompletely understood, and their potential contribution to pain-related behaviors remains controversial. Here, we have addressed this question in a series of experiments performed inGRP::creandGRP::eGFPtransgenic male mice. We combined behavioral tests with neuronal circuit tracing, morphology, chemogenetics, optogenetics, and electrophysiology to obtain a more comprehensive picture. We found that GRP neurons form a rather homogeneous population of central cell-like excitatory neurons located in lamina II of the superficial dorsal horn. Multicolor high-resolution confocal microscopy and optogenetic experiments demonstrated that GRP neurons receive direct input from MrgprA3-positive pruritoceptors. Anterograde HSV-based neuronal tracing initiated from GRP neurons revealed ascending polysynaptic projections to distinct areas and nuclei in the brainstem, midbrain, thalamus, and the somatosensory cortex. Spinally restricted ablation of GRP neurons reduced itch-related behaviors to different pruritogens, whereas their chemogenetic excitation elicited itch-like behaviors and facilitated responses to several pruritogens. By contrast, responses to painful stimuli remained unaltered. These data confirm a critical role of dorsal horn GRP neurons in spinal itch transmission but do not support a role in pain.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDorsal horn gastrin-releasing peptide neurons serve a well-established function in the spinal transmission of pruritic (itch) signals. A potential role in the transmission of nociceptive (pain) signals has remained controversial. Our results provide further support for a critical role of dorsal horn gastrin-releasing peptide neurons in itch circuits, but we failed to find evidence supporting a role in pain.
Changes in Both Neuron Intrinsic Properties and Neurotransmission Are Needed to Drive the Increase in GnRH Neuron Firing Rate during Estradiol-Positive Feedback
Authors: Adams Caroline , DeFazio R. Anthony , Christian Catherine A. , Milescu Lorin S. , Schnell Santiago , Moenter Suzanne M.
Published: January 2019

Central output of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons controls fertility and is sculpted by sex-steroid feedback. A switch of estradiol action from negative to positive feedback initiates a surge of GnRH release, culminating in ovulation. In ovariectomized mice bearing constant-release estradiol implants (OVX+E), GnRH neuron firing is suppressed in the morning (AM) by negative feedback and activated in the afternoon (PM) by positive feedback; no time-of-day-dependent changes occur in OVX mice. In this daily surge model, GnRH neuron intrinsic properties are shifted to favor increased firing during positive feedback. It is unclear whether this shift and the observed concomitant increase in GABAergic transmission, which typically excites GnRH neurons, are independently sufficient for increasing GnRH neuron firing rate during positive feedback or whether both are needed. To test this, we used dynamic clamp to inject selected previously recorded trains of GABAergic postsynaptic conductances (PSgs) collected during the different feedback states of the daily surge model into GnRH neurons from OVX, OVX+E AM, and OVX+E PM mice. PSg trains mimicking positive feedback initiated more action potentials in cells from OVX+E PM mice than negative feedback or OVX (open feedback loop) trains in all three animal models, but the positive-feedback train was most effective when applied to cells during positive feedback.In silicostudies of model GnRH neurons in which >1000 PSg trains were tested exhibited the same results. These observations support the hypothesis that GnRH neurons integrate fast-synaptic and intrinsic changes to increase firing rates during positive feedback.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTInfertility affects 15%–20% of couples; failure to ovulate is a common cause. Understanding how the brain controls ovulation is critical for new developments in both infertility treatment and contraception. Ovarian estradiol alters both the intrinsic properties of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and synaptic inputs to these cells coincident with production of sustained GnRH release that ultimately triggers ovulation. We demonstrate here using dynamic clamp and mathematical modeling that estradiol-induced shifts in synaptic transmission alone can increase firing output, but that the intrinsic properties of GnRH neurons during positive feedback further poise these cells for increased response to higher frequency synaptic transmission. These data suggest that GnRH neurons integrate fast-synaptic and intrinsic changes to increase firing rates during the preovulatory GnRH surge.
Metabolomics signatures of a subset of RET variants according to their oncogenic risk level
Authors: Veyrat-Durebex Charlotte , Bouzamondo Nathalie , Le Mao Morgane , Chao de la Barca Juan Manuel , Bris Céline , Dieu Xavier , Simard Gilles , Gadras Cédric , Tessier Lydie , Drui Delphine , Borson-Chazot Françoise , Barlier Anne , Reynier Pascal , Prunier-Mirebeau Delphine
Published: January 2019

Thirty percent of medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) are related to dominant germline pathogenic variants in the RET proto-oncogene. According to their aggressiveness, these pathogenic variants are classified in three risk levels: ‘moderate’, ‘high’ and ‘highest’. The present study compares the metabolomics profiles of five pathogenic variants, whether already classified or not. We have generated six stable murine fibroblast cell lines (NIH3T3) expressing the WT allele or variants of the human RET gene, with different levels of pathogenicity, including the M918V variant that is yet to be accurately classified. We carried out a targeted metabolomics study of the cell extracts with a QTRAP mass spectrometer, using the Biocrates Absolute IDQ p180 kit, which allows the quantification of 188 endogenous molecules. The data were then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. One hundred seventy three metabolites were accurately measured. The metabolic profiles of the cells expressing the RET variants were found to be correlated with their oncogenic risk. In addition, the statistical model we constructed for predicting the oncogenic risk attributed a moderate risk to the M918V variant. Our results indicate that metabolomics may be useful for characterizing the pathogenicity of the RET gene variants and their levels of aggressiveness.
La formación situada del “programa todos a aprender” en Boyacá
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Luz Ángela , Pantoja Vallejo Antonio
Published: January 2019

El Ministerio de Educación Colombiano, pretende mejorar la calidad educativa con el inicio del “Programa Todos A Aprender” (PTA). La investigación propone identificar la eficacia del acompañamiento situado del Programa, determinando las consecuencias que genera la implementación de Comunidades de Aprendizaje, uso pedagógico de resultados evaluaciones externas y Metodología Estudio de Clase. Sigue metodología mixta, aplicando instrumentos a muestras de docentes y estudiantes de tres instituciones educativas públicas de Boyacá, análisis de datos apoyado con software Atlas TI y SPSS. Encontrando que el docente desarrolla mejor sus capacidades y competencias, cuando él tiene la oportunidad de decidir y proponer, mejor que si sigue una instrucción.
Alotrasplante parcial de tráquea con preservación del suministro vascular: estudio experimental con y sin inmunosupresión en modelos animales
Authors: Somocurcio V. José G. , Valcárcel S María , Sotomayor E. Alfredo , Somocurcio P. José R. , Zavaleta Juana
Published: January 2019

Introducción. La intubación traqueal prolongada puede causar estenosis. En lesiones extensas, se han realizado trasplantes o colocación de prótesis sin buenos resultados. El trasplante evoluciona frecuentemente con necrosis, retraso de la cicatrización, estenosis e isquemia. En este trabajo se realizó el trasplante de un segmento anterior de la pared traqueal, para preservar el suministro vascular del tejido que permita ampliar la luz traqueal y supere los problemas derivados del trasplante completo o de la inserción de prótesis. Objetivo. Evaluar la viabilidad, los cambios histológicos macroscópicos y microscópicos en trasplante alógénico de un parche anterior de tráquea, en dos grupos de conejos, con y sin inmunosupresión. Métodos. Estudio experimental, prospectivo, randomizado y controlado. Se utilizaron 15 conejos de cepas exocriadas. En 5 se realizó autotrasplante para estandarizar la técnica quirúrgica. En 10 se realizó alotrasplante de la pared anterior de la tráquea, a 5 de los cuales se les administró ciclosporina. Se hizo la eutanasia al día 15 del postoperatorio, para estudio macro y microscópico. Resultados. Todos los conejos evolucionaron satisfactoriamente. No hubo diferencia significativa entre los que recibieron inmunosupresión y los que no la recibieron, cuando se evaluó la pérdida del epitelio, tejido de granulación, infiltración linfocitaria y fibroproliferación. Sí hubo oclusión luminal debido a causas inflamatorias. Al evaluar hialinosis vascular, estrechez vascular, endotelitis y linfangiectasias no hubo diferencia significativa, ninguno presentó necrosis tisular. Se encontraron numerosos capilares permeables en el segmento trasplantado y conservación del epitelio. Conclusiones. El trasplante segmentario de pared anterior de tráquea permitió ampliar la luz traqueal con preservación vascular del injerto y buena viabilidad, macro y microscópica. La evolución postquirúrgica fue buena en ambos grupos.
Metodología activa y estilos de aprendizaje en el proceso de enseñanza en el curso de metodología de la investigación de una facultad de ciencias de la salud
Authors: Matzumura Kasano Juan P. , Gutiérrez-Crespo Hugo , Pastor-García César , Zamudio-Eslava Luisa A. , Ruiz-Arias Raúl A.
Published: January 2019

Introducción. El modelo educativo centrado en el aprendizaje intenta desarrollar en el estudiante un rol más importante en su proceso de adquirir conocimiento; para ello, se requiere identificar las preferencias o estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Objetivo. Analizar la influencia del uso de la metodología activa y los estilos de aprendizaje participativo en estudiantes del curso de metodología de la investigación del nivel de pregrado. Métodos. Estudio cuantitativo de diseño cuasi experimental, prospectivo, de corte longitudinal. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por estudiantes de pregrado del curso de metodología de la investigación, se utilizó una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia, conformada por 79 estudiantes. El instrumento utilizado fue el test de estilo de aprendizaje elaborado por David Kolb. La implementación de la metodología activa se realizó durante el desarrollo del curso. Resultados. La participación de los estudiantes durante el desarrollo de clases y el uso de textos presentó un incremento significativo. El estilo de aprendizaje asimilador correspondió a 78,5% y 12,6% para el divergente antes de la implementación de la metodología y, al finalizar el estudio, los estudiantes modificaron su estilo de aprendizaje en forma significativa con un predomino del estilo de aprendizaje asimilador 62% y 22,8% para el estilo convergente. Conclusiones. La metodología activa permite la participación activa del estudiante mediante preguntas, aportes y fomenta el uso de textos. Asimismo, modifica significativamente el estilo de aprendizaje hacia un estilo asimilador y convergente.
Asociación entre violencia, estrés y rendimiento académico en alumnos de medicina del primer y sexto años de una universidad pública, 2017
Authors: Barahona-Meza Lorenzo , Amemiya-Hoshi Isabel , Sánchez-Tejada Elard , Oliveros-Donohue Miguel , Pinto-Salinas Miguel , Cuadros-Tairo Rodney
Published: January 2019

Introducción. Existen reportes nacionales e internacionales de presencia de estrés en estudiantes de medicina, mayor que en otras carreras profesionales; asimismo, la presencia de estrés se encuentra relacionada a bajo rendimiento académico. Objetivo. Determinar si existe asociación entre violencia, estrés y el rendimiento académico de los alumnos de primer y sexto año de medicina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Métodos. Se encuestó a 109 (47%) alumnos del 6to año, y 122 (53%) alumnos del 1er año. La percepción de violencia y estrés se determinaron con instrumentos validados; el rendimiento académico se determinó mediante el promedio ponderado anual. Se utilizó la prueba U de Mann Whitney para establecer diferencias entre las medias de las variables cuantitativas. Para establecer la correlación entre las variables de estudio se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Valores p<0,05 se consideraron como significativos. Resultados. La percepción de violencia fue mayor en estudiantes de 6to año. Se estableció correlación positiva entre el estrés y violencia en estudiantes de 6to año. Conclusión. En ambos grupos estudiados se determinó percepción de violencia, mayor en estudiantes de 6to año. La correlación entre violencia y estrés fue significativa sólo en los estudiantes de 6to año. No hubo asociación significativa del estrés y violencia con el rendimiento académico.
Rara presentación de polineuropatía distal hipoglicémica causada por un insulinoma en el contexto de una neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo 1
Authors: Castillo Sayán Oscar , Medina Sánchez Cecilia , Verona Rubio Roger , Machicado Zuñiga Enrique , Mendoza Pérez German , Tello Cebreros Lida
Published: January 2019

La neoplasia endocrina múltiple tipo 1 es una enfermedad de rara presentación. Se caracteriza por el compromiso tumoral neuroendocrino, de paratiroides, hipófisis y enteropancreático. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 19 años con síntomas de cefalea, convulsiones y debilidad de las cuatro extremidades. Se confirmó la presencia de hipoglicemia 33mg/dL. El estudio elecromiográfico evidenció polineuropatía sensitivo motora en las cuatro extremidades. La resonancia magnética abdominal mostró un tumor en la cola del páncreas que luego de la pancreatectomía se confirmó como insulinoma. La glicemia se normalizó. Además, presentó un macroadenoma hipofisario, hiperparatiroidismo primario y tumor adrenal no funcionante. A los 25 años presentó cefalea intensa y amaurosis de ojo derecho, en la tomografía axial se evidenció tumoración hipofisaria gigante y en estudio de patología se diagnosticó neoplasia maligna condroide (cordoma).
Dimensiones claves para fortalecer la atención primaria en el Perú a cuarenta años de Alma Ata
Authors: Cuba-Fuentes María Sofia , Romero-Albino Zoila , Dominguez Rafael , Rojas Mezarina Leonardo , Villanueva Rosa
Published: January 2019

El Perú es un país de ingreso mediano, con un sistema de salud fragmentado. Para fortalecer el sistema de salud basado en atención primaria de salud, existen dimensiones claves que deben ser analizadas: gobernanza, financiamiento, recursos humanos, accesibilidad, longitudinalidad, integralidad, coordinación, equidad, eficiencia y calidad. El logro del desarrollo de estas dimensiones puede llevar a garantizar una atención primaria de salud fuerte, con mejoras en la salud de las personas
Guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de lumbalgia aguda y subaguda en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud)
Authors: Carpio Ricardo , Goicochea-Lugo Sergio , Chávez Corrales José , Santayana Calizaya Nieves , Collins Jaime A. , Robles Recalde Jesús , Henández Adrián V. , Piscoya Alejandro , Suárez Moreno Víctor , Timaná-Ruiz Raúl
Published: January 2019

Introducción. El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de lumbalgia aguda y subaguda en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo. Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de lumbalgia aguda y subaguda en EsSalud. Métodos. Se conformó un grupo elaborador local (GEG-Local) que incluyó médicos especialistas y metodólogos. El GEG-Local formuló 11 preguntas clínicas a ser respondidas por la presente GPC. Se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas de revisiones sistemáticas y –cuando fue considerado pertinente–estudios primarios en Pubmed, Embase y la biblioteca Cochrane durante el 2016. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas. La calidad de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones de trabajo periódicas, el GEG-Local usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular las recomendaciones y los flujogramas de diagnóstico y tratamiento. Finalmente, la GPC fue aprobada con Resolución N° 43- IETSI-ESSALUD-2016. Resultados. La presente GPC abordó 11 preguntas clínicas, divididas en tres temas: diagnóstico (tres preguntas), tratamiento no farmacológico (cuatro preguntas) y tratamiento farmacológico de lumbalgia (cuatro preguntas). En base a dichas preguntas se formularon 12 recomendaciones (2 recomendaciones fuertes, y 10 recomendaciones condicionales) y 2 flujogramas. Conclusión. El presente artículo resume la metodología y las conclusiones basadas en evidencias de la GPC para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de lumbalgia en EsSalud.
Estilos de aprendizaje en estudiantes del primer año de medicina humana en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Authors: Hoyos-Flores Mirko Humberto , Mori-Ramírez Hallder
Published: January 2019

Sr. Editor, Los estilos de aprendizaje se conceptúan como características de índole cognitivas y emocionales vinculadas a particularidades biológicas de los estudiantes que están en constante aprehensión de datos1. En la actualidad existen herramientas para determinar los estilos de aprendizaje en población estudiantil, como el cuestionario Honey-Alonso sobre Estilos de Aprendizaje (CHAEA) que define criterios que identifican los estilos de aprendizaje2. Así, los estilos de aprendizaje se definen • Activo: Buscan algo novedoso tanto en experiencias como retos. • Reflexivo: Prefieren tomar un tiempo analizando desde diferentes puntos de vista antes de concluir una afirmación, son prudentes. • Teórico: Buscan el mayor grado de efectividad y de eficiencia. Integran teorías acordes con los hechos basados en raciocinios y juicios objetivos. • Pragmático: Se esmeran por relacionar una afirmación con su aplicación en la realidad, sus conclusiones sobre un tema se basan en la utilidad.
ACTA ORIENTALIA VILNENSIA EXCHANGE PROGRAMME
Authors: Vilnensis Acta Orientalia
Published: January 2019

The editors of the Acta Orientalia Vilnensia, in co-operation with the Oriental library at Vilnius University, highly welcome a regular exchange of scholarly periodicals publishing on Asian and Middle Eastern studies. For exchange proposals, please contact the secretary of the editorial board.

Journals or serial publications received under the programme in 2014:• Acta Asiatica. Bulletin of the Institute of Eastern Studies• Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute• Archív Orientální• Asian Ethnology• Asian Studies Review• Asiatische Studien/Études Asiatiques• Brahmavidya: The Adyar Library Bulletin• Bulletin of the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute• Cracow Indological Studies• Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy• Folia Orientalia• Indologica Taurinensia• Japanese Journal of Religious Studies• Journal of Sukrtindra Oriental Research Institute• Journal of the Asiatic Society of Mumbai• Journal of the International College for Postgraduate Buddhist Studies• Journal of the Oriental Institute, M.S. University of Baroda• Linguistic and Oriental Studies from Poznan• Monumenta Serica. Journal of Oriental Studies• New Zealand Journal of Asian Studies• Pacific World: Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies• Pandanus• Philosophy East and West• Religion East and West• Rocznik Orientalistyczny• Studia Indologiczne• Studia Orientalia• Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens• ZINBUN
Demure Heroines Expressing Sexual Desire. Hints of traditional motifs in popular Hindi cinema
Authors: Ciolfi Sabrina
Published: January 2019

Università degli Studi di MilanoIn some of the most successful and representative popular Hindi films released between the 1990s and the early 2000s, the depiction of amorous feelings often takes traditional forms. The reference here is essentially to those films that come more or less within the broad category of classical family dramas: love stories that come up against all sorts of opposition, characterised by the celebration of the traditional Hindu values and the sacrality of the Indian joint-family institution. A particularly interesting aspect emerging here lies in the way in which the sexual desire of the heroine—typically a chaste and virtuous maiden—finds representation. On the strength of studied re-elaboration of traditional themes and motifs, these films achieve high levels of stylistic inventiveness and poetic refinement, albeit often limited to certain individual sequences. The apparent purpose of this aesthetic sophistication is to endow amorous feelings—always leading inexorably in the direction of marriage—with an aura of purity and authenticity. Indeed, it is a matter of sentiments so noble and intenseas to win over the consent and blessing of the families by the end of the film. The paper proposes to identify and analyse the conscious use of these traditional motifs in some of the most representative films in this area.
Indian Horror: The Western monstrosity and the fears of the nation in the Ramsay Brothers’ Bandh Darwaza
Authors: Valančiūnas Deimantas
Published: January 2019

Vilnius UniversityThis paper investigates Indian horror films as a site of socio-economical tensions in India at the end of the 1980s through the employment of the postcolonial reading of the 1990 Ramsay brothers’ horror film Bandh Darwaza. This paper argues that specific references to the European gothic tradition and employment of imagery and interpretation of a western monstrosity (Dracula) in the film are not merely the exploitation of the exotic discourse, but an unconscious articulation of fears and anxieties summoned by the specific socio-economic conditions of India. The political turmoil and the economic changes at the end of the 1980s created a specific platform for fears and anxieties that were articulated through the deformed monsters of the western gothic tradition.
MAŽUMŲ KNYGOS: KELI INTELEKTINIŲ PRODUKTŲ SKLAIDOS KLAUSIMAI
Authors: Legendre Bertrand
Published: January 2019

The position of foreign literature in France is highly related to the positions of the countries and languages these texts are coming from. Clearly domi­nated by the Anglo-Saxon culture, the French market has been opened to the Scandinavian literature and to the South-American one. African literatures remain one of the poor parts of the foreign literature in the French publish­ers’ lists. Human sciences don’t stay away from the dominating systems’ rules and the mood (or the need) of best-sellers. This paper strives to analyse the evolution of this situation. If we could consider that the mainstream logics will continue to dominate the publishing activity, we would choose to focus, from a socio-economic point of view, on some practices and conditions potentially able to modify the circulation of texts. Our hypothesis consists in thinking it is useless to wait that the economic system of publishing industry make place for minority books. As a consequence, the question is to look for new ways of the international circulation of intellectual goods.
VILNIAUS UNIVERSITETO BIBLIOLOGIJOS KATEDRA 1940–1943 METAIS
Authors: NAVICKIENĖ AUŠRA
Published: January 2019

The birth of the Vilnius University Department of Book Science has crowned the attempts of book science founders by institutionalizing the book science in the academic space of Lithuania rather early. This Department was a centre of book science studies and science. Professors of the Department of Book Science were delivering lectures during all four years of the Department’s existence, and in the period of 1942–1943 students took a program of Book Science that could be called the first university program of Book Science studies. Regardless of the fact that there was only one group of graduates of these studies, a new independent qualification of book scientist was included in the list of specialists of Lithuanian universities. Scientific aspirations, large ambitions and potential, as well as demand for dispersion of books science scientific works of the personnel of the Department of Book Science have been demonstrated by their intention to publish a scientific book science journal “Bibliotheca Lituana”. But because of unfortunate circumstances the scientific articles that were prepared for the publication and that covered a broad scope of Book Science problems and reflected a quite large group of researchers stayed in manuscripts. In 1943 the activity of the Department of Book Science stopped, and so did the development of Book Science in Lithuania. During the second soviet occupation like-minded persons of V. Biržiška, who stayed in Lithuania have tried to re-establish the former book science institutions at universities of Lithuania, but, alas, unsuccessfully. Because of changes in the situation of this science in Russia, Lithuania moved away from traditional problems of book science up to 1960 and only in 1990 an academic unit that was responsible for book science as a theoretical and applied science, which investigated a book, book publishing, book production and book distribution combined, as well as research and studies was re-established.
1918–1944 METŲ LIETUVOS KNYGOS VEIKĖJŲ BIOGRAFISTIKOS ŠALTINIAI
Authors: JAKIMAVIČIŪTĖ IVETA
Published: January 2019

In the article there is provided analysis of main and valuable in abundance of information biographic resources of book workers published in period of 1918–1944. On the basis of results of the analysis there are provided reasoned conclusions about the resources and information about Lithuanian book workers. Lithuanian national culture was created by many outstanding personalities during discussed period. Creators of the main biographistic publications that drew frames for further development of the item were prof. Vaclovas Biržiška, Ansas Bruožis, Antanas Milukas, Petras Ruseckas, Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas. In the article there were analysed main publications that became the significant biographistic resources of book personalities and till now they are valuable. These personalities could be named as representatives of the first Lithuanian book science biographistic school, because they defined trends for researches and methodology for further scientific investigations. During Lithuanian independency (1918–1944) as a significant resource of biographistic informatikon could be named periodicals such as “Bibliografijos žinios”, “Mūsų Senovė”, “XXVII knygos mėgėjų metraštis”, “Kultūra”, “Literatūros naujienos”, etc. On the basis of the analysis of biographistic resources of book workers there were made conclusion that in investigated period (1918–1944) biographistic resources of book personalities are not numerous. Preparation and publication of those resources were important and relevant for culture and art of these days. Certainly J. Tumas-Vaižgantas, P. Ruseckas V. Biržiška and others were among those who made efforts to make these publications. Typical activities for that period were lectures about personalities, later they were changed by publications in periodicals. Afterwards publications were complemented, there were made some corrections and texts were published in particular books or few sheets’ booklets. Because of the shortage of time publications had some mistakes, inaccuracy and some fictitious facts, biographistic data was fragmented; only some episodes or their fragments were provided. (This kind of imprecision was typical for Vaižgantas and he was criticized by others for that). Though publications and articles in periodicals were written not in scientific way, not highly theoretical and circumstantial, without providence and evaluation of publishers, yet they provide valuable data about book workers for investigation.
VILIAUS GAIGALAIČIO KNYGOTYRINĖS NUOSTATOS IR VEIKLA
Authors: KAUNAS DOMAS
Published: January 2019

stillenhandschrift aus dem Jahre 1573” (A manuscript of Wolfenbütteler Lithuanian Postilla published in 1573) that he defended in 1900, a historiographic essay on Lithuanina book in Lithuania Minor “Lithuanian history and our writings” (1912), some chapters in other books and articles in a journal Pagalba (Help) edited by himself. Gaigalaitis always investigated the printed or manuscript heritage de visu. Old manuscripts, books, periodicals, and calendors were primary sources for his research, data analysis, synthesis, and formulation of conclusions. During his studies he developed bibliographic skills and provided bibliographic data to Silvestras Baltramaitis – the librarian of the Imperial Public Library in St. Petersburg, to a serial published by Lithuanian Literary Society in Tilsit, to the professor Vaclovas Biržiška at Kaunas University. In 1905–1939 he headed a cultural-educational society „Sandora“ and established its library of great scientific and cultural significance as well as increased its publishing activity. Gaigalaitis used press as an important means in realisation of strategic political and spiritual goals. He employed Lithuanian press and publications to unite the national community, to ensure its internal communication and develop NATIONAL identity, to ensure its self-expression and public relations.
VILNIAUS JĖZUITŲ KOLEGIJOS DIENORAŠTIS: KASDIENYBĖS KRONIKA
Authors: PUTNAITĖ GERDA
Published: January 2019

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BIBLIOGRAFIJOS TEORIJOS SAVARANKIŠKŲ STUDIJŲ MOKOMOJI PRIEMONĖ
Authors: JANONIS OSVALDAS
Published: January 2019

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ŠVEDIJOS BIBLIOTEKŲ MOKSLINIO TYRIMO ŽURNALO „SVENSK BIBLIOTEKSFORSKNING“ NAUJIENOS
Authors: MACEVIČIŪTĖ ELENA
Published: January 2019

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INFORMACIJOS MOKSLO EPISTEMOLOGINIS VAIDMUO IR JO POVEIKIS BIBLIOTEKININKYSTËS IR ARCHYVISTIKOS STUDIJOMS
Authors: WILSON TOM
Published: January 2019

Epistemology is the study of the possibility and nature of human knowledge and, as agencies that are concerned with the records of that knowledge, now in both electronic and paper media it seems reasonable to explore the epistemology of library and information work and education for the informatikon occupations. It is clear that, whatever our understanding of the way in which knowledge is created among humans, the records of that knowledge have some ‘real’ existence – knowledge, that is, what is in the intellectual apparatus of the individual (or ‘between two ears’ as Drucker puts it) may be socially constructed, but what can be recorded of that knowledge, that is, what we otherwise call ‘information’, takes a ‘real’ form. The ‘real’ form may be difficult to see, as in the case of the symbols cut by a laser on a CD-ROM, or the bits recorded on a hard disc, but they are there. This paper will consider the consequences of a realist empistemology for library and archival science and for education in these fields.
GEORGIJAUS AMARTOLO KRONIKOS SLAVIŠKOJO VERTIMO XVI AMŽIAUS VIDURIO SUPRASLIO NUORAŠAS IR JO 1494 METŲ ORIGINALAS
Authors: TEMČINAS SERGEJUS
Published: January 2019

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ŠIUOLAIKINĖS TIRAŽINĖS KNYGOS MENINIS APIPAVIDALINIMAS: RAIDA IR STILISTIKA
Authors: ZOVIENĖ DANUTĖ
Published: January 2019

Book design when it comes to titles with mass print runs, or mainstream titles, is a problem avoided by critical discourse in Lithuania. The art of the book design as a separate field tends to be perceived largely as a branch of graphic art created to illustrate books. There is no research dedicated to aspects as book structure and typography of mass production titles. Art critics prefer to dwell on original illustrations and the author’s book; bibliographers analyze books as objects of material and printing culture.There is no analysis of aesthetic principles that guide Lithuanian book design and the impact of the changes that took place at the turn of the 20th still needs to be established.The changes in the design of contemporary editions are best highlighted by the annual competitions of the Most Beautiful Book. Such competitions have been organized in Lithuania for two decades. The magazine Dailė has been recently giving more attention to the problem: it runs articles on the theme and presents the results of the competition.The purpose of this article is to discuss the emergence of the concept of the “art of the book”, the evolution of its content and its application over the 20th century. The impact of major artistic trends on book design is also analyzed. The information on the design of contemporary titles, on the impact of artistic trends, the trends in book design has been collected mainly from publications in the Russian and English languages.The overview of stylistic evolution of book design leads to the conclusion that different artistic styles have reflected in one way or another on book design and typography. At the turn of the 20th – 21st centuries, in the epoch of Postmodernism, the classical foundations of the art of the book were revisited and redefined. Cosmopolitan nature of art has obliterated numerous national stylistic differences. The design of mass production titles in Lithuania has also experienced the influence of the 20th century artistic trends. Yet manifestations of this impact were less pronounced, belated and intertwined with the local tradition. This was determined not so much by geographical, but by political, social and economic circumstance.The contemporary look of the Lithuanian book was mostly influenced by new production techniques, mainly, by the introduction of desktop printing and the emergence of private printing houses that provide for a higher typographical quality. Mainstream titles published in today’s Lithuania present a far-from-homogeneous picture in terms of design and production quality: alongside with books of high artistic quality there are publications of poor layout and design. Mainstream books do not display any Postmodernist influence. Despite stylistic and commercial changes, the key principles in the construction of the book remain the same. Its appearance is determined by the unity of content, text and visual material.
IŠEIVIJOS BIBLIOFILIJOS PAVELDAS: JUSTINAS K. KARAZIJA
Authors: KAUNAS DOMAS
Published: January 2019

Bibliophile activity in exile is one of the important and interesting areas of Lithuanian book culture. However, it is not well researched. We rarely talk about valuabel libraries and collections of bibliophiles, except when they are donated to the memory institutions of the homeland. Many of them were collected by physicians, diplomats, artists, and priests who have reached high social standing. Justinas K. Karazija (1892–1991) belonged to the first generation of Lithuanians in the USA. He belonged to the working class (was a steel industry worker) and participated in the social-democratic movement. Karazija’s personal library included publications from 1891–1976 published in exile and in the homeland: books, periodicals, maps. During the later years of his life, the owner has made a bibliographic description of this library and donated it to the American Lithuanian Cultural Archive (ALKA) in Putnam (Connecticut, USA). In this article, six aspects of the library are analysed: the age of publications, languages, publishing places, contents, typology, and the level of individuality. The data allows the author to claim that the library has influenced the formation of the personality, provided possibilities of the intellectual development and stimulated creativity. At the same time it symbolized a minimal, re-located homeland and was oriented to the preservation of the national identity. The library helped to create the physical space and the spiritual microcosm on the basis of the national identity. The case of Karazija’s library proves that this feature of intelectual elevation was characteristic not only to the inteligentsia groups but also to the members of the working social stratas. The microcosm of a personal library enabled them to identify and forecast the future changes of the emigrant community and to define their own place and role in it.
BALTARUSIJOS IŠEIVIJOS SPAUDOS PAVELDAS ŠIUOLAIKINĖJE BALTARUSIJOS IR UŽSIENIO SPAUDOJE
Authors: GERASIMOV VALERIJ , DOVNAR LARISA
Published: January 2019

Белорусский государственный университет культуры и искусств,Кафедра теории и истории информационно-документных коммуникацийул. Рабкоровская, 17, Минск, 220007, Республика БеларусьВ исследовании анализируются исторические предпосылки формирования диаспоры, роль печатного наследия в сохранении национальной идентичности, определяются ведущие издательские центры, выявляются основные проблемы и тенденции развития издательской деятельности. В современных отношениях метрополии и диаспоры выделяются 2 этапа:1) 1990–1994 гг.; 2) 1994–по настоящее время. На первом этапе происходит активное возвращение в научный оборот и культурную жизнь нации печатного наследия белорусского зарубежья. После 1994 г. проводится политика, направленная на раскол диаспоры, дискредитацию её национально-демократически ориентированных деятелей. В издательской сфере 1995–2007 гг. отмечаются отдельные индивидуальные инициативы, независимые фондовые и совместные белорусско-зарубежные специализированные проекты. С учётом полулегальных и подпольных изданий, просмотренных de visu, выявлено более 60 изданий, вышедших на территории Беларуси. За рубежом с 1991 по 2007 гг. – свыше 830 названий книг и брошюр, а также 62 названия периодических изданий. Крупнейшие издательские центры эмигрантов из Беларуси размещаются в США, Великобритании, Канаде, Германии, Франции, Австралии. Поддержка выхода в свет книжных изданий оказывается в Чехии, Польше, Литве и других странах, где белорусская книга вынуждена находиться в эмиграции.
LITUANISTINĖ VEIKLA TASMANIJOS UNIVERSITETE
Authors: TAŠKŪNAS VINCAS J.
Published: January 2019

In this survey Lituanistic activity at the University of Tasmania is presented and the accumulation of Lithuanian expatriates’ manuscripts and printed heritage is discussed.
ESTŲ DIASPOROS KULTŪRINIO PAVELDO TINKLAI: PASTANGOS IR PATIRTIS
Authors: NOORHANI PIRET
Published: January 2019

Estonian National MuseumVeski 32, 51014 Tartu, EstoniaE-mail: piretnoorhani@gmail.comAfter leaving the homeland at times of World War II Estonians started collecting their cultural heritage. Special archives and libraries were organized in Australia, Sweden, USA and Canada, some of them, still active. Since the end of 1980s memory institutions in Estonia also have been collecting the cultural heritage of expatriates. Large collections have been formed and a lot of research has been done by them. Numerous contacts and cooperation projects have been developed between the archivists, librarians and museologist in Estonia and world wide Estonian communities. The article gives an account of our experience and discusses the further possibilities for networking the cultural heritage of both the Estonian and the Baltic Diasporas
PABĖGĖLIŲ STOVYKLŲ VOKIETIJOJE DOKUMENTAI (1945–1950) LATVIJOS AKADEMINĖJE BIBLIOTEKOJE
Authors: JAUNMUKTANE GUNTA
Published: January 2019

Latvian Academic LibraryRupniecibas str. 10, LV-1235, Riga, LatvijaE-mail: gjaunmuktane@lib.acadlib.lvTВ Латвийской Академической библиотеки хранится собрание рукописей времен так называемой «Малой Латвии» (более 250 единиц хранения, 3000 внутренних единиц). После окончания Второй мировой войны в Западной Германии находилось приблизительно 135 000 латышей. Они на относительно небольшой территории сформировали свою этническую общину с развитой прессой и книжным делом. Много ценного материала (письма, фотографии, дневники, автобиографии и т. д.), характеризующего культурную жизнь лагерей этого периода, собранно в фонде Юриса Сойканса (1920–1995), Артурса Плаудиса (1915–2004), Ольгертса Лиепиньша (1906–1983), Яниса Сармы (1884–1983), Зигурдса Ритманиса (1923–1996), Язепса Витолса (1863–1948), «Балтийского университета» и др.
TURKIJOS SPAUDA: NUO ATSIRADIMO IKI ŠIŲ DIENŲ
Authors: PILKAUSKAITĖ JUSTINA
Published: January 2019

E-mail: justina.pilkauskaite@gmail.com
NESVYŽIAUS RADVILŲ BIBLIOTEKOS PAVELDAS LIETUVOJE
Authors: NARBUTIENĖ DAIVA
Published: January 2019

The Radziwills, an aristocratic family of the Great Duchy of Lithuania, amassed sizable book collections at their estates. Notable is the Nesvizh castle collection, started in the middle of the XVI century by the Great Chancellor of Lithuania, Mikalojus Radvila (Radziwill) the Black.In 1772, after the first division of the Republic of the Two Nations, this collection – one of the state’s largest personal libraries – was removed to the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg.The interest in the cultural heritage of the Nesvizh Radziwills in Lithuania was prompted by the iniciative of the cultural institutions of neighbour countries (Poland, Bielorussia and, to a certain degree, Russia) to study the heritage of the Nesvizh Radziwills, dispersed throughout various countries. The last year, the virtual reconstruction of the Radziwills’ collection in Nesvizh was a subject of international scientific conferences and meetings, and of an international pilot project.In Lithuanian libraries, there are several remaining copies with the ex-librises of the Nesvizh Radziwills: three in the Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, one each in the libraries of Vilnius University, of the Kaunas University of Technology and of the Kazys Varnelis house-museum. The electronic catalogue of the Nesvizh Radziwills’ library, compiled in the Karol Estreicher Institute of Polish Bibliography, includes, among others, a copy from the Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences.