bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Male Sexual Dysfunction and Hypogonadism in Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Raghuraman R. , Bhuyan Ashok Krishna , Baro Abhamoni , Saikia Uma Kaimal
Published: September 2024

Background:

Male sexual dysfunction (MSD) is a common occurrence in diabetic patients, which is not routinely assessed in clinical settings.

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of MSD and hypogonadism in young type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients aged between 20 and 40 years and its association with duration, glycaemic control and complications of diabetes.

Settings and Design:

This is a cross-sectional study involving 70 men with T2DM of 20–40 years of age visiting the endocrinology department in a tertiary care centre. This study was conducted from November 2021 to March 2023.

Materials and Methods:

Seventy subjects satisfying inclusion criteria were included in the study and assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function-15 questionnaire, intravaginal ejaculation latency time, androgen deficiency in ageing male questionnaire, hormonal parameters (Luteinising Hormone, Follicle stimulating hormone, Testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin) and penile Doppler.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21. A P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Data were checked for normality using Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests. For determining statistical significance between continuous variables with non-normal data, the Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used. Pie charts, bar diagrams and scatter plots were used for descriptive statistics. Frequency, percentage, means, median, range and standard deviation were used for all quantitative data. The Chi-square test was used to find a significant association between categorical variables.

Results:

Sixty per cent of men had at least one form of MSD. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) - 44.28% was the most common MSD, followed by erectile dysfunction (ED) - 42.85% and ejaculatory disorders - 18.57%. Penile Doppler was done in 15 patients, of whom 9 patients had normal Doppler, venous incompetence was present in 3, followed by mixed (arterial and venous) in 2 and arterial insufficiency in 1 subject. Hypogonadism was present in 27.14% of men and secondary hypogonadism was the most common cause (84.21%). There was a significant association between neuropathy and ED and between hypogonadism and HSDD. There was also a significant association between fasting plasma glucose, post-prandial plasma glucose and MSD.

Conclusion:

MSD is common in young T2DM men, which should be given due importance in clinical practice to improve their quality of life. Glycaemic control is of utmost importance in these men.
Utilisation of Oocyte Diameter as a Non-invasive Indicator of Oocyte and Embryo Quality: Investigating Protein Kinase B Protein Expression in Cumulus–Granulosa Cells and Embryo Morphokinetics
Authors: Yuningsih Tita , Wiweko Budi , Boediono Arief , Gunawati Ina , Handayani Nining
Published: September 2024

Background:

Oocyte diameter is crucial for initiating meiosis and supporting the maturation capability, a prerequisite for successful fertilisation and high-quality embryo development. While numerous studies have explored the correlation between oocyte diameter and embryo development capacity in animal models, limited research appears concerning human oocytes.

Aim:

This study aims to ascertain whether oocyte diameter can serve as a reliable predictor of oocyte and embryo quality, achieved through its correlation with protein kinase B (Akt) protein levels on cumulus–granulosa cells and blastocyst morphokinetics.

Setting and Design:

Prospective cohort study included cumulus–granulosa cells collected from 228 mature oocytes of 32 infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilisation treatment. The diameter of the oocytes was measured using the Image J software, and the samples were categorised into three groups based on their diameter: <105.95 µm, 105.96–118.96 µm and >118.97 µm. Quantification of pAkt and Akt protein total of cumulus–granulosa cells exploited the ELISA method. Embryo morphokinetics and anomaly development events were observed at the blastocyst stage to evaluate embryo quality relative to oocyte diameter.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The Kruskal–Wallis test and Chi-square test were used. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The study revealed no notable difference in pAkt and Akt protein total in cumulus–granulosa cells among the three groups (P > 0.05). Likewise, there were no significant differences in morphokinetics and anomaly development except for the S2 parameter and reverse cleavage.

Conclusion:

Reflecting on the molecular profile including pAkt, total Akt protein, morphokinetics and anomaly development, it was observed that oocyte diameter does not correlate with its competency and the quality of the resulting embryo. In addition, oocytes with a diameter below 105.95 µm may have an equal potential to develop into top-quality embryos.
Association of Gestational Iron-deficiency Anemia with Antenatal Depression among Pregnant Women: A Case–control Study from Tertiary Care Hospitals, Lahore
Authors: Zia Emaan , Tariq Alina , Ayub Fiza , Khan Tahir Mehmood , Bukhsh Allah , Suleiman Amal K , Baig Mirza Rafi , Ahmed Shaaf , Dar Hamza Imam , Asghar Ahmad , Khalid Laiba
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The goal of this study is to investigate the potential association between gestational anemia and antenatal depression in pregnant women.

Methods:

It is a case–control study consisting of 684 pregnant women under 18 years recruited in different tertiary care hospitals, in Lahore, between June 2023 and December 2023. Utilizing an online questionnaire, data collection encompassed demographics, dietary habits, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Pregnant women with antenatal hemoglobin (Hb) levels above and below 11.0 g/dL were categorized as a nonanemic and anemic group. Statistical analysis involved Chi-square tests to explore the relationships between gestational parameters and maternal factors.

Findings:

The depression scores of anemic and nonanemic pregnant women compare two groups of pregnant women based on their Hb levels: those with Hb <110 g/l during pregnancy (anemic) and those with Hb ≥110 g/l (nonanemic). The anemic group had higher depression scores than the nonanemic group, both for those with EPDS <12 points and those with EPDS ≥12 points. However, P = 0.077 indicates that this difference was not statistically significant at a typical alpha level of 0.05.

Conclusion:

No significant association was found between gestational anemia and antenatal depression in pregnant women. These findings prompt further research to unravel the intricacies of the association between gestational anemia and depression. The outcomes thus urge the researchers and health-care professionals to consider the diverse factors that may contribute to mental health outcomes during pregnancy and refine strategies for maternal care.
The Critical Role of Ward-Based and Satellite Pharmacists in Improving Pharmaceutical Care in Hospital
Authors: Afra Fatemeh , Abedi Fatemeh Amou , Feizabadi Faezeh , Mahboobipour Amir Ali , Rastegarpanah Mansoor
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the U. S., with medication mistakes being a common issue. Medication reconciliation (MR) involves comparing patients’ orders with their existing medications to prevent errors. Pharmacists are ideally suited for MR tasks. Effective MR can reduce drug-related rehospitalizations. This study aimed to investigate medication errors among hospitalized patients and to evaluate the impact of ward-based and satellite pharmacists on the quality of drug administration services.

Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Nikan General Hospitals in Tehran, Iran, over 6 months. We assessed the performance of ward-based and satellite pharmacists in various wards. All patient medication activities were meticulously monitored and recorded. Adjusted drug-related problem (DRP) codes were then used to identify medication errors and the corresponding interventions.

Findings:

The study included 1682 patients, each experiencing at least one DRP. The data revealed a DRP prevalence of 6.44% (95% confidence interval: 6.15%–6.75%). A total of 2173 DRPs were identified, with 650 originating from intensive care units and the remaining 1523 from other wards. Notably, DRPs attributed to nurses (labeled as S2) constituted 18.36%, and those due to drug interactions (classified as D7) accounted for 13.48%. Following intervention, the most common pharmacist recommendations were initiating a medication (14.04%), discontinuing a medication (13.12%), changing a medication (11.38%), and reducing doses (11.09%).

Conclusion:

Effective MR, supported by comprehensive training of medical staff such as physicians and nurses, can significantly reduce DRPs in hospitalized patients. Clinical pharmacists play a vital role in this context.
The epidemiological trends of 40 national notifiable infectious diseases in China: An analysis of national surveillance data from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Zhou Hongrang , Wang Xiaoling , Li Guifu , Zhou Zhe , Wang Xiaoming , Hu Jingfei , Wang Yufeng , Chen Muxin , Ye Kaiyou , Xiao Ning , Ai Lin
Published: September 2024

Objective:

It aims to provide a preliminary analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and trends of 40 notifiable infectious diseases in the mainland of China over the past ten years, serving as a valuable reference for public health policies and interventions related to infectious diseases.

Methods:

Using data from the monthly analysis reports of the National Infectious Disease Surveillance System (NIDSS), we obtained information on reportable infectious diseases in China from 2013 to 2022. The data were analyzed using Excel 2010 software, and a joinpoint regression model was employed to examine trends in incidence and case-fatality ratios during this period.

Results:

From 2013 to 2022, a total of 76 874 318 cases of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in the mainland of China, resulting in an average yearly incidence of 551.26/100 000 persons, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) was 0.23% (95%CI: -3.81 to 4.37). The infectious diseases with the highest yearly incidence include hand, foot, and mouth disease; hepatitis B; infectious diarrhea; tuberculosis; and influenza. There were 207216 deaths with an average annual case-fatality rate of 2.70/1000, with an AAPC of 5.53% (95%CI: 2.16 to 9.30). The diseases with the highest mortality rates were acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), tuberculosis, rabies, infectious diarrhea, and COVID-19. The incidence of notifiable infectious diseases was predominantly attributed to category C diseases, accounting for 54.50% of total cases, while intestinal infectious diseases were the most prevalent, comprising 40.64% of the total morbidity. The monthly incidence trend of 40 notifiable infectious diseases in China’s mainland exhibited a "W" distribution, whereas the monthly case-fatality ratio trend displayed an "M" distribution.

Conclusions:

It is crucial to continuously reinforce the prevention and control of key infectious diseases, including AIDS, tuberculosis, and viral hepatitis, as well as highly prevalent diseases such as hand, foot, and mouth disease; influenza; and infectious diarrhea. Additionally, enhancing surveillance and response to emerging infectious diseases is essential to safeguarding public health and safety.
Fecal shedding and transmission of vaccine–derived poliovirus: A systematic review and meta–analysis
Authors: Yunus Gangerdiwala Mariya , Taher Kanchwala Aliasgar , Akram Khan Adnan , Anil Dudhane Suraj , Anis Haji Sana , Shaikh Abusufiyan
Published: September 2024

Objective:

This review aims to summarize the emergence and transmission of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) across various geographies, its impacts, and the developments of immunization techniques and vaccines.

Methods:

This systematic review and meta-analysis followed Prioritization of Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta­Analyses (PRIMSA) criteria and was registered with Prospective Systematic Reviews (CRD42023389248). We included clinical studies such as randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case reports and cross-sectional studies accessing the fecal excretion of VDPV. Five independent reviewers selected appropriate and relevant studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar published before January 2023. Statistical analyses were performed using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and a random effects model to address heterogeneity (I
2), with publication bias evaluated via funnel plots and statistical tests.

Results:

Out of the 83 initially identified studies, 9 were included in meta-analysis. Participants who received the first dose of monovalent oral polio vaccine (mOPV) did not show statistically significant fecal shedding compared to those treated with the second dose (OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.51-2.03, P=0.47). Individuals who received the novel oral polio vaccine (nOPV) significantly reduce virus fecal shedding after the second dose compared to the first dose (OR: 2.95. 95% CI: 1.39-6.25, P=0.00). Sero-conversion rates do not differ significantly between two doses in participants received mOPV (OR:1.10, 95% CI: 0.60-2.01, P=0.35), meanwhile nOPV exhibit a higher seroconversion rate (OR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.67, P=0.01).

Conclusions:

This study provides the evidence supporting the clinical efficacy and safety of nOPV compared to mOPV.
Ending future pandemics: An expert panel discussion
Authors: Wen Chaowei , Xie Danli , Li Xiang , Zheng Xiaoqun , Lou Yongliang , Lu Jiahai
Published: September 2024

Since the 20th century, global health security related biosafety risks have progressively intensified. Major public health crises, primarily caused by infectious diseases, have become more frequent. Additional concerns, such as population aging, the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases like hypertension and diabetes, the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance, and the ongoing effects of global environmental changes and worsening air pollution, have increased health risks for humanity. One Health, a multidisciplinary and cross-regional collaboration strategy that encompasses human, animal, and environmental health care, has become a key internationally recognized strategy for addressing significant and complex human health issues. On April 2, 2024, the One Health Innovation and Development Forum was held at Wenzhou Medical University. At this forum, experts from around the world gathered to discuss topics such as infectious disease prevention and control, vaccine development, antibiotic resistance, food safety, and environmental health. They reached a consensus and took action to jointly promote the realization of a global community of health for all.
Prenatally diagnosed pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
Authors: Lim Vanessa Marie Ty , Teotico Angelita Reyes
Published: September 2024

Congenital heart disease is the most common birth defect, affecting 1%–1.2% of live born infants. Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PA-IVS) accounts for <1% of all total heart defects. The cause of PA-IVS has been unclear. Thus, experience for prenatal diagnosis of PA-IVS is limited in any single institution. This is the case of a 28-year-old gravida 1 para 0 who came in at 34 + 5 weeks of gestational age. Fetal two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography revealed Type II PA-IVS, higher risk for univentricular circulation postnatally. She gave birth at term by vaginal delivery, with confirmed findings through a 2D echocardiography. Prenatal diagnosis of PA-IVS allows options for the termination of pregnancy, fetal cardiac interventional therapy, early postnatal initiation of prostaglandin E1, and planned early neonatal interventional surgeries for palliation and repair. Early assessment of fetal cardiac features is useful for a better outcome.
Long-term outcome and determinants of primary pediatric cataract surgery
Authors: Aldamri Aljawhara , AlKhaldi Saleh A. , AlQahtani Dhabiah S. , AlShaalan Khalid S. , Alshamrani Mohammed
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of primary pediatric cataract surgery and to identify determinants of success and recommendations to improve the care of patients with pediatric cataracts.

METHODS:

A cohort, retrospective study of cases who were operated as primary pediatric cataract surgery at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital. Patients who are 4 years old or younger and underwent primary cataract surgery with at least 3-year follow-up were enrolled in this study. Preoperative and postoperative evaluations were performed to determine the surgery outcomes.

RESULTS:

Two hundred and two eyes of 119 patients were enrolled in the study. Seventy percentage of the patients were diagnosed with bilateral cataracts and 30% with unilateral cataracts. Postoperative evaluation showed that 20% of the patients had best corrected visual acuity of 20/30 or better, 25% had 20/40–20/50, 20% had 20/60–20/80, and 29% had 20/100 or less, 6% as fixate and follow. In addition, the mean spherical equivalent was 1.50D. Amblyopia was present in 120 eyes. Fourteen percentage showed a significant myopic shift of more than −4.00D and it was more in eyes with primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Glaucoma was reported in 19% of the patients.

CONCLUSION:

There was a significant postoperative myopic shift and it was more in eyes with primary IOL implantation. Glaucoma was the most common reported postoperative complication. The presence of strabismus and nystagmus may affect the visual outcomes. Early intervention might reduce the incidence of amblyopia.
Techniques in pediatric refractive surgery
Authors: Ahmed Kamran
Published: September 2024

Pediatric refractive surgery treats refractive errors and their associated comorbidities such as amblyopia and strabismus in special needs children intolerant of spectacles or contact lenses. Children with neurobehavioral disorders undergoing refractive surgery have improvements in visual acuity, communication, socialization, motor skills, adaptive behaviors, visual perception, and cognitive function. Contrary to adults, amblyopia is frequently an indication for refractive surgery in special needs children. Pediatric refractive surgery techniques modify ametropia at the corneal, anterior chamber, posterior chamber, and lens planes. This article will discuss the most common modalities used today in pediatric refractive surgery, including laser keratorefractive surgery, phakic intraocular lenses, and refractive lens exchange. Practical pearls are discussed for the implementation of pediatric refractive surgery, reviewing preoperative diagnostics, surgical techniques, and postoperative care.
Violet light transmission through eyeglasses and its effects on myopic children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ullah Saif , Umer Muhammad F. , Chandran Suriyakala P.
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:

Myopia is a refractive error that impairs visual function and leads to visual blurring. This study aims to investigate the effect of violet light (VL) on controlling myopia, specifically in terms of axial length (AL), spherical equivalent refraction (SER), and visual acuity (VA).

METHODS:

A systematic review was conducted to compare VL and single-vision spectacles (SVSs) for treating childhood myopia. The search terms used were “Myopia” and “Violet Light.” Extensive searches were carried out in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. The mean differences were evaluated. The effects of the therapy were examined. Publication bias was assessed with a funnel plot and further investigated through sensitivity analysis. Meta-analysis was performed using Bayesian statistics with Jeffery’s Amazing Statistical Package.

RESULTS:

The meta-analysis included 126 myopic children: 64 in the VL group and 62 in the SVS group. The pooled effect size for AL shortening was evaluated as 0.659 ± 0.184, with a 95% credible interval of 0.299–1.023. The pooled effect size for SER decrease was estimated as 0.669 ± 0.188, with a 95% credible interval of 0.303–1.036. Likewise, for VA in Log-MAR, after intervention (VL and SVS), the values were 0.082 ± 0.171 with a credible interval of 0.262–0.423. Publication bias was assessed with a funnel plot, which revealed no bias. Impact sizes for the fixed effect model were determined due to the similarity in study population, geography, type of intervention, and study design.

CONCLUSION:

VL transmission glasses play a significant role in controlling myopia among children, resulting in axial shortening, reduction of SER, and improvement in VA. However, further investigation is required to examine the long-term rebound effect.
Pediatric keratoconus in a tertiary eye hospital in Eastern province, Saudi Arabia: Patient characteristics and management outcomes
Authors: Alhazmi Asma , Alsomali Abdulaziz , Algarni Saad , Althumairi Arwa
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:

This study investigates pediatric keratoconus in a tertiary eye hospital in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, aiming to understand the presenting features and treatment outcomes in this high-prevalence region. The research addresses pediatric keratoconus clinical profile and management strategies.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2022 to 2023, reviewing medical records of pediatric keratoconus patients. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, risk factors, presenting symptoms, and treatment outcomes were recorded. Severity staging was performed based on Amsler–Krumeich’s classification.

RESULTS:

The study included 218 eyes from 109 pediatric keratoconus patients, with 65% of male and 35% of female patients. Decreased vision was the most common symptom (92%), and risk factors included a family history of keratoconus (9%) and vernal keratoconjunctivitis (6%). Stage 1 was the most frequent in both age groups (<14 years and ≥ 14 years). Treatment strategies included corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL), hard contact lenses, corneal rings, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DLK), and penetrating keratoplasty. Significant improvements were observed in visual acuity, refractive errors, and tomographic parameters following these interventions.

CONCLUSION:

This study provides valuable insights into pediatric keratoconus in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and interventions for better outcomes. Larger, multicenter prospective studies are essential for a comprehensive understanding of pediatric keratoconus and its optimal management. The findings contribute to the knowledge base and guide future research to improve patient quality of life.
Prevalence of hyperopia in school-aged children in eastern Mediterranean region: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alrasheed Saif H. , Challa Naveen K.
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide the available data on the prevalence of childhood hyperopia in the eastern Mediterranean region (EMR).

METHODS:

The study used preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 2020. The articles were searched in six online databases (Web of Sciences, Scopus, Index Medicus for the EMR, ProQuest, PubMed, and Medline). For studies published on the prevalence of hyperopia in the EMR from January 2000 to May 2022. The reviewed data were grouped by age, gender, and refractive measurement technique, hyperopia was defined as refractive error ≥2.00 diopter.

RESULTS:

The final meta-analysis contained 27 quality-assessed studies from 12 countries, covering 51, 987 children. The overall pooled prevalence of childhood hyperopia from 2000 to 2022 is 6.33% in EMR. The hyperopia prevalence was slightly higher among females at 4.34%, compared to males at 4.21%. The prevalence of hyperopia in younger children (5–10 years) was higher at 5.72%, and lower in older aged (11–17) years at 3.23%; P = 0.001. Furthermore, there was a higher hyperopia prevalence with cycloplegic refraction at 7.35% compared with noncycloplegic refraction at 3.93%. There was highly significant heterogeneity between the studies (P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION:

The prevalence of hyperopia among children in the EMR was high compared to other regions, particularly in younger children. More studies are required using standardized methods in different regions where there is a lack of information on hyperopia prevalence. Early interventions are essential to be implemented in the EMR to protect future adults from the development of strabismus and amblyopia.
Physical and chemical indicators of soil quality in gully environments, State of Rio de Janeiro (Southeast Brazil)
Authors: Alves Francisco Xirlean Xavier , Pinto Luiz Alberto da Silva Rodrigues , Silva Cristiane Figueira da , Souza Renato Sinquini de , Silva Tiago Paula da , Lemos Gabriel Coutinho Oliveira de , Costa Anderson Gomide , Pereira Marcos Gervasio
Published: September 2024

Water erosion is one of the primary causes of agricultural soil degradation in Brazil, leading to diminished crop productivity and soil acidification, thereby impairing its ability to store carbon, nutrients, and water. Identifying the intensity of erosion can be achieved by utilizing indicator attributes that are highly sensitive to changes in the edaphic environment. The study analyzed the physical and chemical attributes of soil in areas with gullies exhibiting varying degrees of degradation/stabilization. The study was conducted across four areas with varying degrees of gully formation: a) initial, intermediate, mature, and senile. Samples were collected from both the external and internal sides of each gully at the end of the dry season. Among the physical attributes assessed, soil density and total porosity were found to be the most significantly altered. Evaluation of microaggregates provided insights into soil quality through fractions including water-dispersible clay, water-reflocculable clay, and non-water-dispersible clay. Total carbon, total nitrogen, and the C/N ratio elucidated the dynamics of soil and nutrient loss across different stages of erosion formation and stabilization processes, with lower values observed on the internal side of the gullies compared to the exterior side. Vegetation was observed to influence the results of the physical and chemical attributes. Overall, the values tended towards equilibrium between the faces at the senile stage, indicating greater stabilization.
Keywords: agricultural sustainability, agroecosystem degradation, food security, soil attributes.
The modern theory of Cuntz semigroups of $C^{\ast}$-algebras
Authors: Gardella Eusebio , Perera Francesc
Published: September 2024

We give a detailed introduction to the theory of Cuntz semigroups for

C^{\ast}

-algebras. Beginning with the most basic definitions and technical lemmas, we present several results of historical importance, such as Cuntz’s theorem on the existence of quasitraces, Rørdam’s proof that

\mathcal{Z}

-stability implies strict comparison, and Toms’ example of a non

\mathcal{Z}

-stable simple, nuclear

C^{\ast}

-algebra. We also give the reader an extensive overview of the state of the art and the modern approach to the theory, including the recent results for

C^{\ast}

-algebras of stable rank one (for example, the Blackadar–Handelman conjecture and the realization of ranks), as well as the abstract study of the Cuntz category
Cu
.
»Verz je od nekdaj jezik poezije in proza jezik resničnosti«: kratka nemška proza v gimnazijah na Slovenskem od leta 1848 do 1918
Authors: Samide Irena
Published: September 2024

In the context of teaching German and Slovene literature in upper secondary (grammar) schools (gimnazije) in the second half of the 19th and early 20th century, short fiction was represented by a negligible, statistically barely noticeable part, which for this very reason has been largely neglected by the few researchers of the school literary canon (Korte 2011, Samide 2012). The paper sheds light on this overlooked segment and explores the reasons for the under-representation of short prose in the curricula and for the lack of awareness on the part of the teachers of the time. The focus is on teaching German, which, after the upper secondary school reform in 1848, acquired a constitutive role in upper secondary school education. The findings are based on an analysis of 202 annual reports issued between 1849 and 1918 by three selected classical grammar schools (klasične gimnazije) in the Slovene territory: the Ljubljana Grammar School, the Maribor Grammar School and the Klagenfurt Grammar School.
Problem modernizma v literaturah SFRJ
Authors: Starikova Nadežda
Published: September 2024

In the Yugoslav literatures, modernism as a type of creativity established itself in the first half of 1950, and was relevant for about twenty years as a means of artistic dissidence in the struggle against the dominant ideology. In their philosophy and aesthetics, its representatives drew on the literary movement of the same name in the literatures of Western Europe and America in the first third of the 20th century. Modernist tendencies were generally quite varied: psychoanalytic, rational constructivist, experimental hermetic. In some cases, the authors opted for a radical break with the realist tradition. One of the features of the Yugoslav literatures was an abundance of texts that combined realist and modernist components.
Stritarjev Zorin v družbi sodobnikov
Authors: Bogataj Gradišnik Katarina
Published: September 2024

In the light of the research undertaken to date, the present article aims to determine the similarities between Stritar’s novel Zorin and contemporaneous literary phenomena from the French and German linguistic areas, limiting itself to the elements subject matter and motif.
Dekle Eliza in Slovenci
Authors: Smolej Tone
Published: September 2024

In the article, we will examine our critical and productive reception of the novel La Fille Élisa (1877)by Edmond de Goncourt.
Od raziskovanja slovenskih bralcev do raziskovanja bralne pismenosti
Authors: Podmenik Darka
Published: September 2024

Gregor Kocijan initiated, encouraged and carried out research on reading habits in Slovenia in the period between 1973 and 1999. The research project The Book and Its Readers was undertaken four times during this period, each time including new, topical fields of study with a focus on Kocijan’s central interest topic, i.e., the reading of the Slovene novel. The article draws a parallel between the results of his research and those of the latest Slovene surveys of reading habits, which can be compared internationally, particularly with the results of other European research, and which are related to various forms of language competence, including reading skills.
Vladimir Bartol in Kocbekov Strah in pogum
Authors: Virk Tomo
Published: September 2024

This paper deals with Bartol’s critical review of Kocbek’s Fear and Courage. Based on the contents of Bartol’s diaries preserved in his legacy, it illuminates the reasons for the creation of this criticism, its central points and responses to it.
Ut pictura poesis. De One plus One aux « Godardesques » dans l’art contemporain (IIe partie)
Authors: Lipiński Kamil
Published: September 2024

The article deals with Jean-Luc Godard's interventions in the multimedia arts, known as « fraternal arts », and « ut pictura poesis » to reconsider the audiovisual juxtaposition of fiction and documentary in the film-collage of the modern period of end of the sixties and « cinema effects » in contemporary arts. It retraces some of the main elements of the film One plus One directed by Jean-Luc Godard and addresses its role and importance in the clandestine nature of artistic creation by revealing the interconnections between « musical history in the making » and the aesthetics of graffiti, Brechtian quote, and distancing (Verfremdungseffekt). In the second part, the essay draws on Burgin and Dubois to examine how the « cinema effect » (l’effet-cinéma) of the so-called « Godardesques » emerges in the context of contemporary museum installations. By approaching artistic works, our wish is to reveal the forms of reconstitution of the Godardian One plus One. These works loosely linked to classical cinema can be considered, following Burgin, as cinematic heterotopias.
Wissensspeicher in der Bundesrepublik: Die Deutsche Bibliothek in Frankfurt am Main 1945 – 1990
Authors: Rausch Helke
Published: September 2024

Die Deutsche Bibliothek war Produkt des Kalten Krieges, Kulturspeicher mit mühseliger Erfolgsgeschichte und westdeutsches Gedächtnislabor nach dem NS. Kurz nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges und mit Blick auf die absehbare deutsche Teilung mit US-amerikanischer Schützenhilfe gegründet, konnte die Deutsche Bibliothek in Frankfurt a. M. kein unpolitischer Ort sein. Schon gar nicht, wenn sie sich auf die Fahnen schrieb, das gesamte Schrifttum in Deutschland zu sammeln. Die Auseinandersetzung mit der Leipziger Bücherei, die den gleichen Anspruch vom Osten her erhob, wurde zur zweiten Frankfurter Natur. Zugleich lernte die Deutsche Bibliothek in den 1950er Jahren, Rhetoriken des Kalten Kriegs einzusetzen, um von Skeptikern und der Bonner Politik anerkannt zu werden. Am ehesten kam sie in den 1960er Jahren mit der Emigrantenbibliothek (heute Exilarchiv) in der westdeutschen Demokratie an. Denn sie beteiligte und diskutierte das lange verdrängte Exil als Teil des zentralen Kulturspeichers. Planungspolitik und Technisierung machten die Bibliothek in den 1970er und 80er Jahren zu einer international wahrgenommenen Kulturinstanz. Die Wiedervereinigung 1990 kam unerwartet und mündete 2006 in der Verschmelzung mit der Deutschen Bücherei in Leipzig. Helke Rausch hat eine längst überfällige politische Zeitgeschichte der Deutschen Bibliothek geschrieben.
Strategic Initiatives for Humanized Management for Smes to Support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS)
Authors: Pan Yanling , Ruanggoon Jirapong , Opasvitayarux Pakorn
Published: September 2024

Objective: The study aims to (1) explore the problems of humanized management, (2) identify the factors associated with humanized management, and (3) propose strategic initiatives for humanized management for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bishan, Chongqing.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research draws on Theory Y, Theory Z, and Leader-Member Exchange Theory (LMX).
Method: Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. First, the problems of humanized management were gathered through qualitative interviews with 8 CEOs and analyzed using thematic analysis. Second, the descriptive analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to analyze the 5-point Likert scale questionnaires gathered from 388 SME employees. Third, three experts were consulted for strategic initiatives for humanized management.
 
Results and Discussion: The problems in humanized management included Team Cohesion, Welfare, and Fairness. CFA results indicated that 9 variables significantly influenced humanized management, including Recognize an Employee's Potential, Self-Control, Team Cohesion, Employee Participation, Mutual Respect, Responsibility, Working Relationship, Leader Expectation, and Team Support, with the first 3 being most important. The strategic initiatives suggested by 3 experts were provided to enhance humanized management.
 
Research Implications: The emphasis on recognizing an employee’s potential, promoting self-control, fostering team cohesion, addressing welfare, and ensuring fairness collectively supports SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth.
 
Originality/Value: Besides 9 significant variables from Theory Y, Theory Z, and LMX, two additional variables, Welfare and Fairness, significantly impacted humanized management in SMEs in Bishan, Chongqing. The strategic initiatives for humanized management for SMEs to support SDGs were given.
Developments in research on monitoring training loads in athletes: bibliometric analysis
Authors: Hasan Muhamad Fahmi , Apriantono Tommy , Winata Bagus , Septina Trisha Aryanti , Latief Gifran Rihla Gifarka , Pambudi Yudhi Teguh
Published: September 2024

Monitoring training load can help improve performance, predict injury risk, determine athlete readiness, and keep track of health conditions. By using bibliometric analysis methods, one can evaluate publications from institutions or countries and track the growth or decline of a specific field. The purpose of this study is to compile a bibliography of works on the subject of training load monitoring that were published between 1979 and 2023. This study analyzes publications on training load monitoring and uses scientific mapping to describe the structure and trends. Contributions from countries, authors, cited articles, frequently appearing keywords, and keyword trends are all covered in this study. According to the findings, research was scarce during the first two decades and significantly increased in the next. While Australia has the most publications, the European continent dominates this research field. Most articles are published in and referenced from the International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. Furthermore, due to its high citation count, Halson's article had the greatest influence. Some keywords are related and appear in this study. This article presents a trend visualization that academics can use as a reference guide.
Keywords: monitoring, training load, bibiometric analysis.
Evaluation and analysis of strength values assessed pre and post pitch session in an MLS team during the season and after the off season
Authors: Lara-Desales Martin , Martínez-Ruiz Enrique Agustín , Edmond-Buckley Sean , Barcala Furelos Martín , Lago-Fuentes Carlos
Published: September 2024

Background: In recent decades, sport science has advanced significantly, but injuries in football have also increased, possibly due to increased competitive demands. The reasons behind injuries are complex, involving both external and internal factors. It is crucial to focus on modifiable factors such as training load, physical capabilities, flexibility, and strength. It is also essential to perform specific assessments based on physical needs and the most injured muscle groups in each sport. Therefore, the aim of this study was to (1) determine strength and power values ​​in a Major League Soccer (MLS) professional football team during one season, (2) analyze the results of pre- and post-session assessments, and (3) determine the effect of the transition period on strength and power. Methods: The study included 22 professional football players aged 26.3 ± 3.9 years from a Major League Soccer (MLS) team excluding goalkeepers. Six assessments were performed, of which 3 were pre-throwing session and 3 were post-throwing session, evaluating eccentric hamstring strength using the Nordic hamstring curl with the NordBord system, maximal isometric hip adduction and abduction strength using the ForceFrame, and lower limb power with the countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) on ForceDecks force platforms. Results: Strength and power values ​​established with pre-session assessments show a CMJ height of 43.96 ± 3.92cm, in Nordic hamstring curl 382.46 ± 67.79N (L) and 370.66 ± 65.84N (R), in hip adduction 414.79 ± 73.86N (L) and 424.02 ± 71.88N (R), and in hip abduction 411.93 ± 60.19N (L) and 420.77 ± 60.54N (R). The results showed a significant decrease (P > 0.05) in the Nordic hamstring curl and both hip adduction and abduction in the post-session assessments compared to the pre-session assessments, the CMJ height did not show a significant change (p = ˃0.05). In the pre-season assessment compared to the data obtained in the pre-session assessments a significant decrease in CMJ height was found (p = ˂0.05), while the Nordic hamstring curl and both hip adduction and abduction did not show a significant decrease (p = ˃0.05). Conclusions: The data studied show lower strength values ​​after the session, except for power expressed in CMJ height. After the transition period, hamstring and hip strength (ABD-ADD) did not show significant changes, but CMJ height did. It is suggested to perform strength assessments and strength training prior to the on-field soccer session to obtain accurate baseline profiles and maximize strength and power training adaptations, avoiding biases generated by fatigue. It is also recommended to implement training programs during the transition period to counteract the effects of detraining.
Keywords: Assessment; Strength; NordBord; ForceFrame; ForceDecks; Prevention; Soccer
Sociodemographic characterisation of the endurance runner: risk of injury and psychosocial profile. A contemporary sample
Authors: Latorre Román Pedro Ángel , Romero Plaza Mario , Cabrera Linares Jose Carlos , Párraga Montilla Juan Antonio , Salas Sánchez Jesús
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the sociodemographic and psychosocial profile, also to identify the risk of injury of a contemporary sample of Spanish amateur endurance runners regarding individual variables, training volume and personality. A total of 147 endurance runners (114 males and 33 females; age: 42.66 ± 11.54 years old; BMI: 22.83 ± 2.47 kg/m2) completed an ad hoc questionnaire designed for athletes older than 18 years old. Significant differences (p<0.001) were observed for the fact of having a personal trainer, with women reporting a higher percentage than men. Most of the athletes (68%) have been injured in the last 3 years, and no significant differences between sexes were found. The profile of the endurance runner is a normotypical 40-year-old male with some anxiety and low mood, who has studied at the university, he/she is married or has a couple. He has been training for 16 years, doing 51 kilometers per week, joining 12 annual competitions, and has been injured 2 times in the last 3 years. The most common injury is tendonitis, being the causes of injuries found in this study the footwear and the personal goal achievement.
Keywords: Endurance athletes, runners, injuries, socio-demographics
Differences in 30-15 IFT test performance across playing positions and categories among adult professional soccer players
Authors: Hermosilla-Palma Felipe , Villaseca-Vicuña Rodrigo , Merino-Muñoz Pablo , Gómez-Álvarez Nicolás , Pérez-Contreras Jorge , Salas-Ávila Miguel , Cerda-Kohler Hugo , Portes-Junior Moacyr , Aedo-Muñoz Esteban
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study aims to assess the performance of professional soccer teams from different divisions and playing positions using the 30-15 intermittent fitness test (30-15 IFT). Methods: The sample comprised 84 male soccer players from first division teams A (1A) (n=21; mean age 23.5±5.2 years), first division B (1B) (n=42; mean age 23.0±5.0), and second professional division (2nd) (n=21; mean age 22.9±4.7 years). Performance was evaluated based on the final speed achieved in the 30-15 IFT (VIFT). Results: Significant differences were observed between 1A and both 1B and 2nd in VIFT (p=0.002, n2p=0.115). Additionally, differences were found between defenders and full-backs in VIFT (p=0.002, n2p=0.197). Conclusion: Performance in the 30-15 IFT varies across divisions, with 1A achieving the highest values. Moreover, full-backs demonstrated superior performance compared to defenders. These findings provide valuable insights for coaches, physical trainers, and sports scientists for optimizing training programs.
Keywords: soccer, exercise test, physical fitness, athletic performance
Community support for winter olympics in Alt Urgell: the impact of sociodemographic and sport-related variables
Authors: Cerezo-Esteve Sergi , Solanelas Francesc , De Blas Xavier
Published: September 2024

This study explores how sociodemographic and sport-related factors affect public support for a Winter Olympic bid in Alt Urgell, Catalonia, Spain, focusing on the role of direct democracy mechanisms, such as referendums, in shaping local opinions on hosting major sport-ing events . A mixed-methods approach was employed, including Computer-Assisted Web Interviews (CAWI), Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI), and face-to-face surveys. Data from a stratified sample of 416 residents aged 18 and older were analyzed using Pearson Chi-Square, Likelihood Ratio tests, Gamma, and Kendall's Tau-b to examine associations between sociodemographic factors, sports participation, and support for the bid. The analysis indicates that civil status significantly influences support for the bid, with people in relationships and with children showing greater enthusiasm. Higher sports participation and outdoor sports participation correlate with reduced interest in community involvement with the Olympics, while belief in regional involvement strongly predicts favorable attitudes. Other factors, such as age, gender, years of residency, and attendance at sports events, were not significant. This research enhances understanding of public engagement with major sporting events by highlighting the complex relationships between sociodemographic factors, sports involvement, and bid support. It emphasizes the need for policymakers to address environmental, economic, and social concerns to gain support.
Keywords: major sports events, Winter Olympic bid, referendum, event impact.
Three Level Password Authentication System
Authors: Dr. Shameena Begum  , K. Sri Sravani  , K. Sai Mounika  , V. Durga Saranya  , M. Dhanush Kumar
Published: September 2024

Password authentication remains widely used but vulnerable. Our three-way system enhances security by combining alphanumeric passwords, RGB colour combinations, and image-based passwords. During registration, users go through three levels of authentication to log in to the system or the main page of the website. The system uses HTML, CSS, JavaScript for the front end, and Python with Django for the back end, with MySQL for the database. This multi-factor approach significantly improves security, preventing unauthorized access and data breaches.
Anaemia Detection using Deep Learning by processing Conjunctiva, Fingernails, Palm and Tongue Images
Authors: Dr. S. Mythili  , R. A. Chelsia  , M. Thirishaa
Published: September 2024

Anemia poses a significant global public health challenge, particularly impacting children and pregnant women. According to the WHO, anemia is a highly prevalent condition, especially among patients in the emergency department. It occurs when the hemoglobin level falls below its normal threshold or when red blood cells are weakened or destroyed. This decreased number of red blood cells will lead to the paleness of the skin especially in the conjunctiva, palpable palm & fingernails. In current scenario anemia is being diagnosed by using invasive method. In this project, we propose the use of non-invasive techniques employing deep learning algorithms to aid in the diagnosis and detection of clinical diseases, specifically focusing on anemia detection. This approach aims to simplify the process of detection by analyzing images of specific areas such as the conjunctiva of the eye, palpable palm, fingernails, and tongue from diverse individuals. The processing and classification of these images are conducted using various deep learning algorithms including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Mobilenet, and others. Our project paves way to identify the best algorithm that gives greatest accuracy rate and minimum time consumption for the detection of anemia. We have got the maximum accuracy rate of 99% in mobilenet and 83% in CNN.
Особенности научного идиостиля профессора Д.Д. Джалолова: по страницам научных статей
Authors: Махкамова Гульнара
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию идиостиля отечественного лингводидакта – профессора Д.Д. Джалолова. С этой целью  анализируются понятия «идиолект» и «идиостиль» и их различия  в контексте когнитивно- дискурсивной личности,  выявляются подходы для исследования научного идиостиля, даются примеры из статей  ученого для анализа и формулируются выводы касательно специфичности когнитивно-дискурсивного портрета ученого.