bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stage results of the use of orthoses in children after surgical treatment of congenital spine deformity (Preliminary report)
Authors: Redchenko Ignatij А. , Vissarionov Sergei V. , Gusev Maxim G. , Lein Grigoriy A. , Pavlov Ivan V.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: After surgical treatment of congenital spinal deformities, we can see the progression of deformities of the spinal column segments free from metal structures, which leads to the need for reoperation. Without sufficient scientific evidence, several specialists after surgical treatment use various orthoses on the body to prevent scoliotic compensatory changes.
AIM: This study aims to assess the results of body orthosis after surgical treatment of children with congenital spinal deformity with the impaired formation of the vertebrae, using orthoses, compensatory deformity after one year of treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients aged 2 to 12 years (10 boys and 15 girls) after surgical treatment of congenital deformity of the spine in the thoracic regions (13) and lumbar regions (12), wearing body orthoses. The results were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months using thermal sensors for the orthosis wearing time by X-ray and statistical methods.
RESULTS: After three months of wearing the brace, we saw a correction of about 50% of the value of the initial compensatory deformity. After six months, both thoracic and lumbar, the correction was 60%. After one year, when performing an X-ray image without an orthosis, in thoracic deformities without a brace, the correction stabilized and remained at the level of 40%. In lumbar deformities without a brace, the original deformity returned, i.e., the correction occurred but was not fixed without the orthosis. Only one of 25 patients (4%) required a second operation to increase the fixations duration.
CONCLUSION: The results of observing a group of patients (25 children) for one year after surgical treatment of congenital spine deformity showed a positive effect of a functionally corrective orthosis on the body to correct secondary deformities.
Öğretmenler İçin Yenilikçi Pedagoji Uygulamaları Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: SÜER Sedef , ORAL Behçet
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada öğretmenlerin yenilikçi pedagoji uygulamalarını belirlemeye yönelik bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda hazırlanan taslak ölçek Diyarbakır ili merkez ilçelerine bağlı ilkokullarda görev yapan toplam 463 sınıf öğretmenine uygulanmış ve toplanan veriler üzerinde geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda toplam varyansın %36’sını açıkladığı ve 46 maddelik tek boyuttan oluştuğu belirlenen “Öğretmenler İçin Yenilikçi Pedagoji Uygulamaları Ölçeği” doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile sınanmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı ise 0,95 olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analizler neticesinde öğretmenlerin yenilikçi pedagoji uygulama düzeylerini tespit etmek amacıyla kullanılabilecek güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçme aracı elde edilmiştir.
Türkiye’deki Bir Devlet Okulunda Akustik Konforun Nesnel ve Öznel Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AKYÜN Cemile Sinem , BULUNUZ Mızrap , BULUNUZ Nermin
Published: April 2021

Araştırmada bir devlet ilkokulunun akustik konfor düzeyi nesnel ve öznel verilerle değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada karma desen yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Nesnel veri olarak desibelmetre ile okulun gürültü düzeyi ve sınıfların reverberasyon süresi ölçülmüştür. Öznel veri olarak okul yöneticisi ve öğretmenler ile okulun akustik konforu hakkında görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Desibelmetre ile yapılan ses düzeyi ve reveberasyon ölçüm sonuçları, yönetmelikte belirtilen sınır değerlerinin iki katını aştığını göstermiştir. Okuldaki gürültü düzeyinin çok yüksek olduğu ve aşırı miktarda rahatsız edici olduğu, okul yöneticisi ve okulun öğretmenleri ile yapılan görüşmelerdeki nesnel bulguları doğrulamıştır. Görüşmelerin nitel analizinden gürültünün ‘Nedenleri’, ‘Etkileri’ ve ‘Gürültünün Kontrol Edilmesi’ temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin rol model olma yerine, bağırarak gürültüyü bastırma çabaları, yöneticilerin şiddeti yüksek zil sesi tercihleri, öğrencilerin okul binası içinde bile yüksek sesle konuşma, bağırma, çığlık atma ve koşma gibi davranışları, yan sınıftan veya bahçeden sınıfa gelen sesler, temel gürültü nedenleri olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Okulda gürültünün öğretmenler üzerine olumsuz etkileri: 1) dikkat dağıtıcı olması ve motivasyon düşürmesi, 2) işini rahatlıkla yapamama, 3) işitme kaybı ve cihaz kullanımı, 4) öğrencilerin gürültücü davranışları ile başa çıkmakta çaresiz kalması, 5) okuldaki gürültüden kaynaklı özel hayatında iletişim sorunları yaşama ve 6) mesleki aidiyet duyusunda azalma ve emekliye ayrılmaya karar verme şeklinde sıralanabilir. Sonuç olarak, nesnel bulgular okulda gürültü kirliliği olgusunu ortaya koyarken, öznel bulgular gürültü kaynaklı oluşan mağduriyetin ciddiyetini gözler önüne sermektedir. Okul binalarının mühendislik tedbirlerle akustiğinin iyileştirmesi ve eğitim yoluyla sükûnetli öğrenme ortamı ve kültürünün yaratılması gerekmektedir.
Eğitim ve Sosyal Bilimler Alanında Kardeş İlişkileri Konusunda Tezlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: KALE Mustafa , KARAGÖZ Sudet , NUR İmray
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmada insan gelişim sürecinde önemli bir sosyal bağlam olan kardeş ilişkileri konusunda hazırlanmış lisansüstü tez çalışmaları incelenmiştir. Lisansüstü tezler, ele aldıkları konu, yöntem, kuramsal çerçeve, sonuç ve önerileri açısından gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalara ışık tutma konusunda önemli veri kaynaklarıdır. Bu anlamda Türkiye’de kardeş ile ilgili hazırlanan tezlerde kardeş ilişkilerinin nasıl ve ne sıklıkta ele alındığı önemli görülmektedir. Bu amaçla Türkiye’de Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu (YÖK) Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında yer alan ve erişime açık olan tezler incelenmiştir. Betimsel nitelikte tasarlanan çalışmada “kardeş”, “kardeş ilişkileri” ve “kardeşlik” anahtar kelimeleri ile tarama yapılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda bu çalışma 61 yüksek lisans ve dokuz doktora olmak üzere 70 lisansüstü tez üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda kardeş konusunda yapılan lisansüstü tezlerin son 10 yılda artış gösterdiği, en fazla psikoloji alanında ve özel gereksinimli kardeşler konusunda yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Tezlerin büyük bir bölümünün kuramsal bir temele dayandırılmadan hazırlandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Tezlerde genel olarak ilköğretim ve lise çağındaki bireylerle çalışıldığı ve nicel yöntemin kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir.
Rozwój infrastruktury rowerowej w kontekście działania roweru miejskiego – przykład Krakowa i Lublina
Authors: Kociuba Dagmara , Wieliniec Dominika
Published: April 2021

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja dynamiki rozbudowy miejskiej infrastruktury rowerowej w kontekście rozwoju systemów roweru miejskiego na przykładzie Krakowa i Lublina. W szczególności odniesiono się do zagadnień dotyczących porównania zapisów dokumentów strategicznych z realizacją infrastruktury rowerowej w latach 2010–2019, a także kompleksowo przedstawiono rozwój systemów roweru miejskiego oraz omówiono działalność grup nieformalnych i organizacji rowerowych w obu miastach. Wykazano, że rozbudowa infrastruktury przebiega z opóźnieniem w stosunku do zapisów dokumentów strategiczno-programowych, a jej sieć nadal jest niespójna, co wynika głównie z rozproszenia w przestrzeni miast inwestycji drogowych, którym towarzyszą inwestycje z zakresu infrastruktury rowerowej. Nie wpływa to na rozwój systemów roweru miejskiego, które stanowią dobre uzupełnienie infrastruktury rowerowej, co potwierdziły analizy korelacji, przy czym liczba i lokalizacja stacji jest uzależniona od działań operatora, stymulowanych w przewadze w ramach działań odgórnych (Kraków) lub oddolnych (Lublin). Na wykorzystanie systemów roweru publicznego wpływ miały przede wszystkim ciągłość funkcjonowania operatora i koszty wypożyczeń. Działalność organizacji rowerowych, pomimo różnic pod względem dynamiki prowadzanych działań, ich spektrum oraz zasad finansowania, ma wpływ zarówno na popularyzację transportu rowerowego, jak i na rozbudowę infrastruktury rowerowej oraz systemów roweru miejskiego. Najlepsze efekty osiągnięto w przypadku działań ekosystemu rowerowego.
Analysis of the Budget Impact of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Monitoring in the Management of Childhood Asthma: The Colombian National Health System Perspective
Authors: Buendía JA , Acuña-Cordero R , Rodriguez-Martinez CE
Published: April 2021

Background: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) testing is a simple, noninvasive approach to assessing airway inflammation with minimal discomfort that provides results within a few minutes. For policy makers, the economic impact of this technology is the main concern, especially in developing countries. We evaluated the budget impact of asthma management using FeNO monitoring in patients aged between 4 and 18 years in Colombia. Methods: A budget impact analysis was performed to evaluate the potential cost of FeNO monitoring. The analysis was based on a 5-year time horizon and performed from the perspective of the Colombian National Health System. The incremental budget impact was calculated by subtracting the cost of the new treatment, in which FeNO is reimbursed, from the cost of conventional treatment without FeNO (management based on clinical symptoms [with or without spirometry/peak flow] or asthma guidelines [or both] for asthma-related cases). Univariate 1-way sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: In the base case analysis the 5-year costs associated with FeNO and non-FeNO were estimated to be €469 904 130 and €480 485 149, respectively, indicating savings for the Colombian National Health System of €10 581 019 if FeNO is adopted for the routine management of patients with persistent asthma. This result proved to be robust in the univariate 1-way sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: FeNO monitoring generated cost savings in emergency settings for infants with persistent asthma. This evidence can be used by decision makers in Colombia to improve clinical practice guidelines and should be replicated to validate the results in other middle-income countries.
An Underdeveloped Region: the Imperatives of Reindustrialization (on the example of the North caucasian Federal District)
Authors: Batov G. H. , Khutova L. A. , Shogenov T. M.
Published: April 2021

Purpose: the purpose of the study is to develop a methodological toolkit for reindustrialization in the branches of the material sphere of lagging and underdeveloped regions based on the use of information, communication and digital technologies.

Methods: the study is based on the use of the methodology of the systems approach, the methodological apparatus of the information society theory, the use of methods of economic and statistical analysis, scientific abstraction, analogies and scientific generalizations. In the course of developing the proposed topic, classical and modern works of domestic and foreign scientists, statistical and empirical material prepared in the process of field research were used.

Results: regions with different levels of development function in the country's economy. The greatest problems are associated with underdeveloped and problem regions, which, given their certain potential, cannot yet cope with their difficulties. The situation in which such regions are located requires the search for new mechanisms that will allow us to overcome unfavorable circumstances and embark on the path of highly stable development. Many problems can be solved on the basis of reindustrialization. This requires a transition to continuous digitalization processes, the use of digital technologies and software products that can ensure the development of production systems in the direction of creating a new technological order.

Conclusions and Relevance: issues of digital and programmatic reindustrialization of the economy are especially aggravated in lagging and underdeveloped regions, where, due to the poorly diversified sectoral structure of the industry, there is a weak reaction to the formation of investment demand for the production of competitive goods. Such regions, to which the North Caucasian Federal District (NCFD) belongs, can solve problems when using digital and information technologies. The implementation of the proposed measures will allow the region to leave the zone of problems and depression.
Public Investment and Fiscal Crisis in Brazil: Finding Culprits and Solutions
Authors: Bonomo Marco , Frischtak Claudio R. , Ribeiro Paulo
Published: April 2021

We investigate the relation between existing fiscal rules and investments in the context of a fiscal crisis in Brazil. We analyze existing fiscal rules at national and subnational levels, their enforcement, and proposed alternatives. Using narrative analysis, case studies, interviews, empirical estimation, and model simulations, we conclude that public investment is not closely related to fiscal rules in Brazil but is mainly determined by fiscal conditions both at national and subnational (state) levels. It is the steady increase of personnel expenditures in real terms that underlies the fiscal deterioration of the last decade, despite the existence of fiscal rules devised to prevent it. We argue that a constitutional rule limiting subnationals personnel expenditures to 50 percent of net revenues, triggering adjustment measures when reaching 47.5 percent, would be an effective instrument for subnational fiscal management, opening fiscal space for increasing investments. At the national level, despite the existence of several fiscal rules, the only effective fiscal anchor is the primary expenditure ceiling introduced in 2016, which has successfully curbed expenditures, including those of the judiciary and legislature.
Insect parasites inhabiting Passer domesticus (linnaeus, 1758) and P. Montanus (linnaeus, 1758) (aves: passeriformes) nests in Voronezh
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Tewelde R.T. , Gaponov S.P. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: April 2021

In Voronezh, 14 species of parasitic insects were found in sparrows and their nests during 2017–2020. It was found 6 species of chewing lice: Menacanthus eurysternus Giebel, 1874, Ricinus fringillae De Geer, 1778, Sturnidoecus ruficeps Giebel, 1866, Brueelia subtilis Giebel, 1874, B. borini Lunkaschu, 1970, and Philopterus montani Zlotorzycka, 1964. Among them, Menacanthus eurysternus was the dominant species for the House Sparrow (dominance 21.70 %, prevalence 10.00) while B. subtilis (dominance 18.60 %, prevalence 8.00) and B. borini (dominance 16.29 %, prevalence 6.00) were subdominant. For the European Tree Sparrow, the dominant species were B. borini (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 8.00) and Ph. montani (dominance 22.07 %, prevalence 10.6). All six chewing lice species were observed for the first time in Voronezh and the Central Black Soil Region of Russia. Three species of fleas – Ceratophillus gallinae (Schrank, 1803), C. fringillae Walker, 1856, and C. tribulus Jordan, 1926) – were registered. The dominant flea species was C. gallinae (for the House Sparrow, dominance was 67.13 %, prevalence 45.00; for the Tree Sparrow, dominance was 66.47 %, prevalence 73.33). Abundance of fleas for House Sparrow nestlings was 0.724, and 1.153 for Tree Sparrow nestlings. Parasitic flies were represented by five species: Ornithomya avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758), O. fringillina Curtis, 1836, O. chloropus Bergroth 1901 (Hippoboscidae), Protocalliphora azurea Fll., 1817, and Trypocalliphora braueri (Hendel, 1901) (Calliphoridae). Among louse flies O. avicularia was the dominant species (for House sparrow, dominance was 85.93 %, prevalence 53.00; for Tree Sparrow, dominance was 68.64 %, prevalence 20.00). Larvae of P. azurea were found in 13.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 15.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 3.42 % with abundance 0.30, while for Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.15 % with abundance 2.05. Larvae of T. braueri were found in 31.00 % of House Sparrow nests and in 40.00 % of Tree Sparrow nests. For House Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.164 with abundance 0.088. For Tree Sparrow nestlings, intensity was 0.106 with abundance 0.220. Significant fluctuations of prevalence and abundance of the larvae in different years were found.
Application of Malaise traps to study the fauna of phytophagus beetles (coleoptera: chrysomeloidea, curculionoidea) of the Karadag nature reserve (republic of Crimea)
Authors:   Udmurt State University, Dedyukhin S.V. , Shorenko K.I. ,   Karadag Scientific Station – Nature Reserve of the Russian Academy of Sciences – branch of Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas
Published: April 2021

Analysis of the collection of beetles obtained using three Malaise traps during the field season of 2019 in the Karadag Nature Reserve revealed 46 species of phytophagous beetles from 6 families. Of these, 20 species for the fauna of Karadag were first indicated. Two species – Bruchus tristiculus (Bruchidae) and Alcidodes karelinii (Curculionidae) were first listed for the fauna of Crimea. In addition, according to an extensive series of specimens, the poorly studied winged form Longitarsus succineus (Foudras, 1860) (var. perfectus Weise, 1893) (Chrysomelidae) was first recorded in Crimea. In the sample is dominated by West-Central-Palaearctic species and West Palaearctic subboreal species, 9 species have Mediterranean or Pontic ranges (Luperus armeniacus, Phyllotreta aerea, Bruchus rufipes, B. tristiculus, Bruchidius dispar, Bradybatus seriesetosus, Otiorhynchus balcanicus, Polydrusus astutus, Eusomostrophus elongatus). Altogether, beetles from 27 families were collected by tent traps, while phytophagous beetles quantitatively prevailed over other groups of the order. The use of Malaise traps in different biotopes as an additional method for the stationary study of the local fauna of phytophagous beetles is recommended.
Contributions to the fauna of invasive insects of Ciscaucasia
Authors:   Donetsk Botanical Garden, Martynov V.V. , Nikulina T.V. ,   Donetsk Botanical Garden, Shokhin I.V. ,   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Terskov E.N. ,   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2021

The paper presents results of field surveys conducted in 2015–2019 in the territory of 9 constituent entities of the Russian Federation: Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Rostov Region, Kabardino- Balkarian Republic, Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, Republic of Ingushetia, Chechen Republic, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Kalmykia within the Ciscaucasian region. 36 species of invasive insects from 6 orders (Mantodea, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera) were registered, of these 1 species ones was first recorded for the fauna of the Ciscaucasia, 15 ones were registered for the first time for North Ossetia, there was 12 such species in the Stavropol Territory, 9 ones in the Chechen Republic, 8 species were first listed for Ingushetia, 5 species first noted for each the Krasnodar Territory and Dagestan respectively, 4 ones – for Rostov Region and Kalmykia respectively, 3 ones – for Kabardino-Balkaria. An annotated list of identified species is given.
Assessment of current climate conditions changes in the territory of Ciscaucasia for the purposes of forecasting winter wheat yield
Authors: Volkov S. N. , Savinova S. V. , Cherkashina E. V. , Shapovalov D. A , Bratkov V. V. , Klyushin P. V.
Published: April 2021

Аim. Assessment of current climate changes in the territory of Ciscaucasia in order to predict the yield of winter wheat.

Methods .Integral indicators of climatic conditions for agricultural production were employed. For the investigations, we selected five‐year periods for which the meteorological parameters were averaged, and to identify trends the data of specific five‐year periods were compared with the average value for the entireseries of observations (1960‐2020).

Results. The deviation of precipitation in April was highest in 2011‐2015, when it increased by 22 mm, and in 1986‐1990 and 1991‐1995, when it decreased by 15 and 10 mm respectively. In Eastern Ciscaucasia,where conditions are more arid than in the Western and Central regions, in both the rise in air temperature and the amount of precipitation, especially in April and May, increased in the 21stcentury for the entire period of active vegetation.

Conclusion.It was established that the value of the hydrothermal coefficient practically did not change during the 1960‐2020 period. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, there was an increase in productivity against the background of a relatively high level of annual precipitation and this stability is confirmed at the present time. There is a very close relationship between natural and climatic factors and the level of winter wheat yield.
Study of the phenology and seed productivity of golden root (Sedum roseum (L.) Scop.) in the Central region of the Non‐chernozem zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Savchenko О. M. , Babaeva E. Yu.
Published: April 2021

Aim. The study of the phenology and seed productivity of golden root plants in the 2nd‐4th years of life in the Moscow region under the influence of meteorological conditions.

Methods. The objects of research were plants of golden root from the biocollection of VILAR in Moscow. The studies included field and laboratory experiments, which conducted in 2016‐2019 according to methods adopted in medicinal plant production. Weather conditions in the Moscow region during the research period were identified on the Internet. Seed productivity was assessed according to generally accepted methods. Determination of seed sowing qualities was carried outaccording to National Standard 34221‐2017.

Results. The influence of weather conditions on the passage of phenological phases of young golden root plants in 2016‐2019 in the Non‐chernozem zone of the Russian Federation under experimental field conditions was studied for the first time. The duration of phenological phases depending on conditions in the year of observation was determined. The composition of the population of young golden root plants for the second, third and fourth years of vegetation wasestablished. Adverse factors which reduce seed productivity and affect the quality of seeds were identified.

Conclusion. The favourable meteorological characteristics of the growing season contributed to an increase in the mass of 1000 seeds by an average of 43 mg and increased seed germination to 82%. Differences in seed quality and productivity of seeds depending on the conditions of the year of observation may indicate the necessity for measures for adaptation of the plants to harmful environmental factors.
Sustainability of social and economic development of municipalities in the Voronezh Region, Russia
Authors: Yakovenko N. V. , Ten R. V. , Komov I. V. , Didenko О. V.
Published: April 2021

Aim. The aim is to assess the sustainability of the social and economic development of the municipalities in the Voronezh Region.

Material and Methods. A systematic approach to an integrated, structured and dynamic study of the level of social and economic sustainability of municipalities in the region. This approach uses the classification method, which defines and restricts existing conceptual approaches to the interpretation of conflict as an economic category, and the comparative analysis method, which compares the selected approaches with each other. The statistical database covers the period from 2014 to 2018. The integral index of social and economic sustainability of the municipalities in the region has been calculated.

Discussion. The results of calculations of the integral sustainability index allowed us to identify 5 groups of municipalities, characterized by a certain degree of social and economic sustainability: a group with a high level of socio‐economic sustainability, a group with an above‐average level of socio‐economic sustainability, a group with an average level of socio‐economic sustainability, a group with a low level of socio‐economic sustainability and a group with a crisis level of socio‐economic sustainability. A crisis situation in a number of municipalities necessitates the development of certain anti‐crisis recommendations that contribute to the effective use of existing potential and directly develop the internal resources of the municipalities.

Conclusion. The work resolves an actual practice‐oriented issue in the field of socio‐economic and geographical research ‐ the calculation of the sustainability of the social and economic development of municipalities in the region. Assessment of the sustainability indicators of the regional municipalities made it possible to comprehensively and adequately reveal the "strengths and weaknesses" of the regional social and economic system of the Voronezh Region and to identify the principal strategic tasks in moving towards a single strategic aim – improving the population level and life quality.
Comic books as Ontographs: The composition process of Abrégé de Bande Dessinée Franco-Belge
Authors: Manouach Ilan
Published: April 2021

En este artículo examino el proceso de composición de mi libro Abrégé de bande dessinée franco-belge, publicado en 2018 y bajo el catálogo de libros de ocho editoriales de cómics. Abrégé fue producido siguiendo los preceptos de la ontografía, un modelo de representación conceptual de objetos teorizado por el diseñador de videojuegos y filósofo de la Ontología Orientada a Objetos Ian Bogost. Abrégé presenta una tipología visual y personal de grafemas extraídos de un reservorio compartido de la tradición de la historieta franco-belga, donde se pueden encontrar una variedad de proto-memes de cómics, dispositivos metanarrativos, elementos paratextuales y bloques de construcción de la historieta europea.
Historieta y escultura, un vínculo posible
Authors: Opazo Jorge , Oliva Marcela
Published: April 2021

Densita es una historieta breve de ciencia ficción en la que compartimos el proceso creativo con mi esposa, la escultora Marcela Oliva. En Densita el paisaje de fondo, el planeta mismo, es el verdadero protagonista de la historia. Un explorador recorre la superficie mientras el terreno reacciona ante sus estímulos. Entonces le entregué a Marcela las páginas con el personaje y los globos de texto terminados, pero con los fondos pelados, listos para ser intervenidos. Pero Densita es, antes que nada, el nombre de un material con que mi esposa estaba trabajando por entonces, una especie de yeso profesional de alta densidad, utilizado por los odontólogos. Es este material el que inspiró el título y la temática del cómic, y la razón que me impulsó a participar a la escultora (y la escultura) en el proceso.
Narrar como un devenir río. Experimentos narrativos en “Sátira Latina” de Mariana Paraizo
Authors: Sánchez Jorge
Published: April 2021

El propósito de este artículo es describir las estrategias narrativas que se emplean en “Sátira Latina” de Mariana Paraizo (2015) como un ejemplo de una narración que desorganiza el tiempo histórico teleológico. A partir del análisis del uso de las viñetas y las conexiones intertextuales con los géneros noticiosos y satíricos, se justifica que el cómic presenta una narración experimental con un estilo que más que emplear secuencias problematiza la idea misma de secuencialidad visual al momento de accionar actos de memoria subjetivos que tensionan hechos oficiales.
Transitando a la economía circular en el sector agropecuario: granjas experimentales en Guanajuato, México
Authors: Cervantes Gemma
Published: April 2021

El sector agropecuario a nivel mundial, y a nivel de Latinoamérica y de México en específico, es muy importante por el aumento creciente de población, y por tanto de las necesidades de alimentación, pero es uno de los sectores que más funciona con un sistema de producción lineal, en vez de circular. Esto provoca que se genere una gran cantidad de residuos, que por su mala disposición puede provocar contaminación al agua, al suelo y muy especialmente atmosférica. Por tanto, es imprescindible ayudar a que los sistemas agropecuarios tiendan a cerrar el ciclo de materia y así disminuir sus impactos ambientales y obtener un mayor rendimiento en el sistema. Todo ello contribuirá a conocer cómo contribuir a la economía circular desde el sector agropecuario. En este artículo se presenta el estudio hecho con tres granjas experimentales en el estado de Guanajuato (México). Se diagnosticaron cualitativa y cuantitativamente las granjas, se detectaron los aprovechamientos de residuos ya existentes en las granjas y se propusieron nuevos aprovechamientos para cada una de ellas. Con todo ello se propuso una red ecoindustrial agropecuaria entre las tres granjas, formada por 11 entidades, 7 diferentes sectores industriales, 8 sinergias existentes, 18 sinergias propuestas, 22 diferentes residuos valorizados o reusados. Con esta red se plantea una solución para 8 de los 10 residuos más problemáticos de estas granjas y se contribuye a cerrar el ciclo de materia en ellas. También se dan criterios para tender a la economía circular en el sector agropecuario.
Las microfinanzas rurales en Colombia y el proceso de financiarización: un estudio de caso
Authors: Ramírez-Virviescas Natalia , Guevara Diego Alejandro
Published: April 2021

El crecimiento desregulado de las microfinanzas representa una amenaza para la sostenibilidad y materialización de su misión. El presente artículo busca ahondar en el desarrollo de las microfinanzas rurales en Colombia, yendo más allá del análisis de inclusión financiera. Con este propósito, se aplica el método de investigación cualitativo, que se integra con la revisión de los índices financieros relacionados con la oferta de microcrédito al sector rural colombiano. De manera complementaria al estudio de alcance nacional, se realiza y analiza la Encuesta sobre uso de productos y servicios microfinancieros en zonas rurales 2018, con el fin de profundizar en la percepción local y regional sobre los servicios microfinancieros en siete municipios pertenecientes a las categorías 4, 5 y 6 de los departamentos de Boyacá y Santander. Tal análisis permite evidenciar que las microfinanzas rurales no son per se una solución para la pobreza, pero sí se consolidan como un instrumento a partir del cual se viabilizan y se hacen sostenibles las iniciativas productivas del campo colombiano, por lo cual sirven como herramienta complementaria a las políticas para el desarrollo rural.
La financiación pública de la innovación empresarial en Boyacá Colombia: un estudio de caso
Authors: Díaz-Goyeneche Sandra Lorena , Cruz-Vásquez José Luis , Becerra Gualdron Claudia Jessenia
Published: April 2021

El departamento de Boyacá actualmente presenta bajos niveles de innovación, lo cual repercute directamente en su crecimiento económico y en la sostenibilidad de sus empresas. Este artículo estudia el caso de dos empresas que tuvieron acceso directo a recursos públicos para la promoción de la innovación, con el objetivo de analizar la influencia de dicha inversión sobre el desempeño general e innovativo de la empresa y su aporte al crecimiento económico del departamento. Se desarrollaron tres etapas empleando la metodología de estudio de caso: en primer lugar se elaboró un modelo de análisis que permitiera la construcción de indicadores de tipo cuantitativo y cualitativo; en segundo lugar se aplicó este modelo en dos empresas que tuvieron acceso a recursos a través de convocatorias públicas para la ejecución de proyectos de innovación. Y en último lugar se presentaron algunas recomendaciones a los actores involucrados para aumentar la eficiencia de la inversión de estos recursos.
Use of Convolutional Neural Networks in Smartphones for the Identification of Oral Diseases Using a Small Dataset
Authors: Quintero-Rojas Jormany , González Jesús David
Published: April 2021

Image recognition and processing is a suitable tool in systems using machine learning methods. The addition of smartphones as complementary tools in the health area for diagnosis is a fact nowadays due to the advantages they present. Following the trend of providing tools for diagnosis, this research aimed to develop a prototype mobile application for the identification of oral lesions, including potentially malignant lesions, based on convolutional neural networks, as early detection of indications of possible types of cancer in the oral cavity. A mobile application was developed for the Android operating system that implemented the TensorFlow library and the Mobilenet V2 convolutional neural network model. The training of the model was performed by transfer learning with a database of 500 images distributed in five classes for recognition (Leukoplakia, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1, Aphthous stomatitis, Nicotinic stomatitis, and No lesion). The 80% of the images were used for training and 20% for validation. It was obtained that the application presented at least 80% precision in the recognition of four class. The f1-score and area under curve metrics were used to evaluate performance. The developed mobile application presented an acceptable performance with metrics higher than 75% for the recognition of three lesions, on the other hand, it yielded an unfavorable performance lower than 70% for identifying nicotinic stomatitis cases with the chosen dataset.
Internet of Things at the Service of Bioconstruction
Authors: Corredor-Sanchéz Fabián Ricardo , González-Sanabria Juan Sebastián , Mendoza-Moreno Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2021

The Internet of Things (Internet of Things - IoT) approach promotes the interconnection of objects that humans use on a daily basis so that they are administered, controlled and/or monitored through telematic technologies. This paradigm has a wide field of application to support several development schemes in a variety of areas. In the case of construction, there are home automation schemes, but regarding bio-constructions, the myth of incompatibility between digitized systems and “bio” schemes exists. However, bio-constructions require aesthetic, structural, environmental and technological considerations to integrate efficient and friendly systems, contributing to a sustainable environment, generating and regulating the resources of the environment in which they are implemented. In this way, a documentary research process has been developed to determine the degree of applicability of IoT for green buildings. As a result, a set of IoT technologies was identified, which can promote the administration and control of the normatively established agents involved in a bio-construction for living spaces.
Constructive Technology Assessment: Systematic Review and Future Study Needs
Authors: Rodríguez-Cardoso Óscar Iván , Ballesteros-Ballesteros Vladimir Alfonso , Romero-Ospina Manuel Francisco
Published: April 2021

Engineering, understood as the gathering of scientific and technological knowledge for innovation, creation, advancement and optimization of techniques, as well as a set of useful tools to meet social needs and solve technical problems of both individuals and the community, makes its main actors, engineers, key players in sustainable development and in the creation of alternatives that minimize the negative effects of technology on society. It is in this sense that technology assessment approaches should take importance among those who manage technology development and implementation policies. Generally, the undesirable effects of the intrusion of a new technology are acted upon when they already occur, and technology assessment is intended to anticipate the risk. This paper presents a bibliographic review of technology assessment, its approaches and future study needs. Based on an articulating axis that positions technological change and innovation as an imperative need for social development, an exhaustive review of related articles in specialized databases was carried out. The most important results of this work reveal that the field of technological assessment has been strongly inclined towards the health or sanitary sector; however, research is being developed in central engineering topics such as the development of nanotechnology, robotics, and the handling of big data, where the European model stands out as a reference for technological assessment processes due to its inclusive and democratic nature.
Influence du pâturage et du gradient climatique sur la diversité floristique et la productivité des parcours naturels au Bénin
Authors: Idrissou Y. , Mama Sambo Seidou Youssoufa , Assani Seidou A. , Sanni Worogo H.S. , Assogba Brice Gérard Comlan , Alkoiret Traoré I. , Houinato Marcel
Published: April 2021

Située dans la zone soudanienne du Bénin, la forêt classée de l’Alibori supérieur est à cheval entre le climat tropical humide et le climat tropical sec. Elle est l’une des destinations privilégiées des transhumants nationaux et étrangers. Ces derniers sont attirés par ses ressources pastorales. Les fortes concentrations de bétail présentes ont des conséquences sur la biodiversité qu’il importe de connaître afin de prendre les décisions appropriées. Cette étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer l’influence de l’intensité du pâturage et du gradient climatique sur la richesse et la diversité floristique, la phytomasse ainsi que sur la valeur pastorale de ces parcours. Les résultats ont montré que les effectifs des familles, genres et espèces diminuaient à mesure que l’intensité du pâturage augmentait. Ce même constat a été fait au niveau de la diversité maximale, de la phytomasse et de la capacité de charge. La zone soudanienne humide a montré une richesse et une diversité floristique, ainsi qu’une productivité et une capacité de charge meilleures que la zone soudanienne sèche. La valeur du recouvrement de la zone sèche a été plus élevée que celle de la zone humide, alors que sa valeur pastorale a été plus faible. Ces résultats pourraient contribuer à la gestion durable des parcours naturels des aires protégées et du système pastoral au Bénin.
Caractéristiques de la végétation herbacée d’une parcelle mise en défens dans le Ferlo Nord au Sénégal
Authors: Bassène César , Diallo Mariama Dalanda , Diaité Bakary , Diop Aliou , Guissé Aliou
Published: April 2021

Cette étude se propose d’évaluer les caractéristiques de la végétation herbacée dans le Ferlo Nord au Sénégal. La végétation joue un rôle essentiel dans la vie des populations sahéliennes car elle constitue une ressource fourragère très importante pour les animaux. Elle est aussi très utilisée par la population locale comme bois de chauffage, bois d’oeuvre et dans l’alimentation. C’est ainsi que la gestion durable des ressources végétales d’une localité nécessite la connaissance de la flore pour appuyer les politiques de développement durable. C’est à cet effet que des inventaires de la strate herbacée ont été réalisés sous couvert et hors couvert sur une parcelle de cinq hectares mise en défens. La méthodologie d’inventaire adoptée a été la technique du « tour de champ » sur une période de quatre ans (2014–2017). Les résultats ont permis de dénombrer 66 espèces réparties dans 43 genres et 20 familles. Parmi ces espèces, les dicotylédones ont été dominantes avec 46 espèces (69,7 %), alors que les monocotylédones n’ont été représentées que par 20 espèces (30,3 %). Les familles les plus représentatives ont été les Poaceae avec 17 espèces, suivies des Fabaceae avec 7 espèces et des Malvaceae avec 6 espèces. Les thérophytes ont représenté 91 % des types biologiques, alors que les chaméphytes et les géophytes n’ont représenté que 4,5 % chacun. Au plan biogéographique, les espèces d’affinités africaines et pantropicales ont été dominantes avec respectivement 30,3 % et 24,2 % des espèces de la flore.
Système d’information et de modélisation de la vulnérabilité pastorale pour la gestion et la prévention des crises au sahel
Authors: Fillol Erwann , Ham Frédéric , Orenstein Alex
Published: April 2021

L’élevage pastoral au Sahel est extrêmement dépendant des irrégularités climatiques, et particulièrement de la qualité de la saison des pluies qui conditionne la repousse des pâturages et le remplissage des points d’eau. Les éleveurs nomades et transhumants adaptent leurs stratégies de déplacement à l’état et à la disponibilité de ces ressources. Les outils de suivi de la sécurité alimentaire de ces territoires pastoraux doivent donc intégrer, en plus des données spatialisées sur la biomasse, des informations sur ces mouvements pastoraux et sur les facteurs qui les conditionnent. Pour accompagner les systèmes d’alerte locaux au Sahel, l’organisation non gouvernementale Action contre la Faim propose un modèle de vulnérabilité pastorale basé sur des données satellitaires acquises en temps réel et sur la connaissance des pratiques pastorales. Ce modèle permet d’alimenter en informations un système d’alerte précoce en identifiant les zones d’intérêt pastoral déficitaires en ressources plusieurs mois avant la période de soudure potentiellement problématique. La confrontation avec l’information concomitante collectée sur le terrain par des relais sentinelles permet une surveillance de la situation pastorale, contribuant au développement des infrastructures ou au déploiement de l’aide humanitaire.
Caractéristiques de la végétation herbacée de trois jeunes plantations de baobabs  (Adansonia digitata L.)  en Moyenne et Haute Casamance, Sénégal
Authors: Mbaye Tamsir , Ndiaye Ababacar , Sow Mamadou , Diallo Mamadou , Fall Dioumacor , Ngom Daouda , Charrahabil Mouhamed , Ndiaye Saliou , Beye Aminata
Published: April 2021

L’étude a été réalisée dans les régions de Kolda et de Sédhiou, en Haute et Moyenne Casamance, dans de jeunes plantations de baobabs (Adansonia digitata L.) installées en 2014 pour raccourcir le cycle de production afin de réduire la pression exercée sur les populations adultes de baobabs, de plus en plus menacées. L’objectif était d’évaluer l’influence des plantations de baobabs sur la diversité et la production de biomasse du tapis herbacé selon les localités. Les plantations ont été constituées de parcelles clôturées de 0,5 hectare chacune, subdivisées en trois blocs. Chaque bloc a été subdivisé en quatre sous-blocs. Dans chaque sous bloc, un relevé floristique a été effectué selon la méthode de Braun-Blanquet. Parallèlement, d’autres relevés ont été réalisés dans des parcelles non clôturées (témoins) avoisinant les plantations. La récolte de la biomasse herbacée s’est faite dans des placettes de 32 mètres carrés, précédemment délimitées pour l’inventaire floristique, avec cinq prélèvements aux quatre coins et au milieu. La flore globale inventoriée comprenait 63 espèces réparties en 41 genres et 17 familles, dont 40 espèces à Dianabo, 38 à Sénoba et à Saré Modika, et 46 dans la zone témoin. L’indice de Shannon, avec 1,19 à Dianabo, 1,16 à Sénoba et 1,13 à Saré Modika, et l’indice d’équitabilité, avec 0,62 à Dianabo et Saré Modika et 0,60 à Sénoba, ont très peu différé d’une plantation à l’autre et de la zone témoin où ils ont été respectivement de 1,23 et 0,63. La phytomasse obtenue a été respectivement de 2,85, 6,6 et 5,1 tonnes de matière sèche par hectare respectivement à Dianabo, à Sénoba et dans les parcelles témoins.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT UKUR SISTEM MONITORING pH, TEMPERATUR, DAN KELEMBAPAN AKUARIUM IKAN HIAS BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Bareta Bintara Putra Candra , Harijanto Alex , Maryani Maryani
Published: April 2021

Water quality in the process of ornamental fish cultivation plays an important role in creating an environment of life that is in accordance with the needs of ornamental fish. Acidity (pH) and water temperature are one of the important factors of ornamental fish growth. The purpose of this study is to describe how the design system builds arduino-based humidity and pH temperature measuring instruments. Review the validity of moisture temperature and water pH. Monitor the humidity temperature and pH of ornamental fish aquarium water to know the results of the same data with liturgy. This research is a research and development research, conducted in the Laboratory of Physics Education Study FKIP Jember University. The research time was carried out for four months. The samples used in this study were ornamental carp. Based on the analysis of data obtained, it can be concluded that, (1) The work of pH, temperature, and spouting systems based on Arduino Uno is made with sen0161-V2, DS18B20 and DHT-11 sensors and data appearance media namely LCD. (2) Rakaian system is then calibrated to state that the system can be used properly. Calibration includes Arduino-based pH, temperature and Humidity sensor calibration as well as LCD testing. (3) The data that has been found by the researcher and the data in the literature has a match.

 

Keywords: water quality, Acidity (pH), water temperature, arduino-based.
PEMODELAN UJUNG BATANG DAN KAIT GORDEN DENGAN KURVA BÉZIER
Authors: Istiqomah Rokhmatul , Juliyanto Bagus , Ubaidillah Firdaus
Published: April 2021

The end cup consists of the crown, head and neck, while the hook consists of a stand and a hook. This study aimed to obtain various of shapes vary. The modeling can be done with deformation techniques such as interpolation and Bezier curves. The method of this study uses three step namely constructing the basic objects of the geometry, arranging these basic objects on one modeling axis, and visualization with Maple 18. This study obtained 160 the models of end cup and 8 models hook consisting of geometric shapes of tube, cone, sphere, the beam, torus, and the octagonal prism.
Choice of cerebral protection devices for carotid stenting
Authors: Korobkov A. O. , Volkov S. V. , Bagin S. A. , Lavrenko S. V.
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes a retrospective analysis of long-term results of 316 carotid stentings performed in patients with atherosclerotic stenosis of the extracranial parts of the internal carotid arteries using various types of cerebral protection devices – filters and proximal protection devices and their combinations. As a result of the analysis, we obtained data on the influence of the choice of cerebral protection devices on the risks of ischemic complications. The topic under consideration will be of interest to specialists in X-ray endovascular diagnostics and treatment, cardiovascular surgeons, and neurologists.
The surgical correction of refractory venous trophic ulcers
Authors: Katorkin S. E. , Kushnarchuk M. J. , Melnikov M. A. , Zhukov A. A. , Kravtsov P. F. , Repin A. A.
Published: April 2021

Objectives. To study the effectiveness of layered dermatolipectomy and endoscopic fasciotomy in the surgical treatment of refractory venous trophic ulcers.

Materials and methods. Patients (n = 105) of the C6 clinical class underwent crossectomy and short stripping. In group I (n = 35), free autodermoplasty of trophic ulcers with a perforated flap was performed. In group II (n = 36), shave therapy and autodermoplasty were performed. In group IIІ (n = 34), fasciotomy, shave therapy and autodermoplasty were performed. Long-term results of treatment were studied in the period from 1 to 12 months.

Results. Complete healing of venous trophic ulcers was observed in group I at 49,4 ± 7,2, in II – at 31,4 ± 4,7, in III – at 32,1 ± 3,6 days сутки (t1-2 = 2,09; p1-2 = 0,049; t1-3 = 2,24; p1-3 = 0,024; t2-3 = 0,03; p2-3 = 0,763). Full engraftment of an autograft graft was recorded in 7 (19,4 %) patients of group I, in 27 (77,1 %) cases in group II and in 27 (79,4 %) patients of comparison group III (χ21-2 = 23,674; p1-2 = 0,001; χ21-3 = 25,173; p1-3 = χ22-3 = 0,052; p2-3 = 0,826).

Conclusion. Layered dermatolipectomy with autodermoplasty and endoscopic decompression fasciotomy is an effective method for the treatment of persistent refractory venous trophic ulcers.
Analysis of a clinical case of primary hyperparathyroidism in combination with parathyroid adenoma and nodular goiter
Authors: Styazhkina S. N. , Ledneva A. V. , Byvaltseva V. P. , Michurina M. A.
Published: April 2021

The analysis of a clinical case of primary hyperparathyroidism in combination with parathyroid adenoma and nodular goiter is presented.