bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СПОСОБІВ ВПЛИВУ НА МОТИВАЦІЙНУ СФЕРУ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Столярова О.
Published: June 2022

У статті висвітлені сучасні погляди дослідження способів впливу на мотиваційну сферу здобувачів вищої освіти. Проаналізовано теоретичні аспекти розвитку мотиваційної сфери. Визначено, що вплив на мотиваційну сферу здобувачів вищої освіти є однією із завдань для успішного навчання та професійного становлення здобувачів.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО КЛІМАТУ У ПІДРОЗДІЛАХ СУХОПУТНИХ ВІЙСЬК ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Шевчук К. , Мацевко Т.
Published: June 2022

В статті розкриваються результати емпіричного дослідження стану соціально-психологічного клімату військового підрозділу. Визначено, що соціально-психологічний клімат в колективі є нейтральним (нестійким) та в будь-який момент може змінитися в сприятливий (здоровий), або несприятливий (нездоровий).
ПРОФЕСІЙНА МОТИВАЦІЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ: ДОСВІД ІНОЗЕМНИХ АРМІЙ
Authors: Гуляк У.
Published: June 2022

Суттєві зміни в безпековому середовищі та в соціо-культурному вимірі людського існування неодмінно спричиняють переструктурування потребово-мотиваційної сфери особистості, що висвітлюється автором у контексті зростання мотиваційного чинника у забезпеченні виконання військовослужбовцями завдань за призначенням. Встановлено, що шлях до ефективної професійної діяльності лежить через розуміння мотивації.
Стаття присвячена систематизації наукових поглядів на питання професійної мотивації військовослужбовців з урахуванням досвіду іноземних армій.
Close Up Pada Film Dokumenter Insight Of Batik
Authors: Rahmad Cito Yasuki , Widhiarmoko Pranomo
Published: June 2022

The Insight of Batik film departs from concerns about batik. Batik is the result of Indonesian culture that is recognized as World Heritage by UNESCO. However, most of the general public admiration of batik is currently only limited by sheer visual beauty, but behind a piece of batik cloth, there are many values that can be used as a lesson. Documentary is part of an effort to provide additional information, knowledge and understanding of batik to the cultural life and society. Starting from this objective, the documentary film raised three themes of batik, which is about the history, teachings, and intensity human in batik. The third theme is packed into a documentary film with a visual concept that emphasizes on Close Up technique. This technique gives the proximity to the audience through its ability to present the details of the object. Close Up also able to build a dramatization that can convey the intrinsic elements of batik. Through the documentary film with a Close-Up visual concept is expected to provide a deep understanding of batik.Keywords: Documentary, film, batik, and close upÂ
Perpustakaan Audiovisual Digital Menggunakan Streaming Open Source
Authors: Agung I Putu Suhada
Published: June 2022

Indonesian Institute of the Arts Surakarta has a unique library when compared to other universities. In addition to print collection, there is also a collection of audio and audiovisual. During this time, user still using the manual technology for use it. The computers technology can be an alternative solution to overcome the existing problems. The trick is to use a computer server that can accommodate all the collections, in addition to also use as a workstation computer library service providers. With this technology, users can use the digital library service that is fast, easy, and efficient. Open source technology in streaming software was chosen to embody the digital library.Keywords : library, collection, server, and streaming
ARSITEKTUR TAMAN BERMAIN DALAM FOTOGRAFI EKSPRESI
Authors: Paramita Agra Locita
Published: June 2022

The architecture of the playground in the expression photography is an idea of visual fragment which are visualized become photography art. The characteristics on the deconstruction building consist of irregular lines and unique geometric forms inspire for creating photography art especially in line, form and color elements. The results of the creative processes are photos which are dominant with details or corners of playground building. This creating is expected to give contributions for society through creating new style of architecture photography.Keywords: architecture, playground, photography, and expression
LITERASI MEDIA, UPAYA CERDAS DALAM MENGKONSUMSI TAYANGAN TELEVISI
Authors: Amelia Citra Ratna
Published: June 2022

The development of the mass media or broadcasting of terrestrial television in Indonesia is very rapid. Increasing number of terrestrial television stations in Indonesia makes the competition among television stations increasingly stringent. The terrestrial television requires a relatively high amount of revenue for operational costs. Advertising is one source of revenue. The advertisers will pair its ads in the program of interest by the public. Therefore, the television station competely to create programs that liked by the public. This is done so that the televison station can fight the competition. To determine whether the programs are interesting for public or not , the TV station uses the services of AGB Nielsen to measure whoever are viewing terrestrial television. The results of AGB Nielsen survey are rated and shared. The result of rating and share of the programs are liked by the public interest or not become a benchmark. The higher the rating and share program means the higher the interest of the public to watch the program. That became a problem and interesting to be discussed, in which in reality many programs are reprimanded by the KPI (Indonesian Broadcasting Commission) even in fact they have a high ratings. Whereas the program that gets a reprimand from the KPI is a program that can be said to be problematic and it cannot be imagined what happen if the problematic program maintained by the television station is on the pretext of a high rating. Facing this kind of television, viewers required to be more selective and critical of television, because media owner of television defends its economic interests. Therefore, the audience should have the skills of media literacy. Ability to digest what ispresented by the mass media, then the television is very important.Keywords:Media literacy, rating, share, AGB Nielsen
KONSEP PENYUTRADARAAN TELEVISI KREATIF MELALUI PENDEKATAN UNSUR LOKAL NUSANTARA
Authors: Rembulan Dara Bunga , Panindias Asmoro Nurhadi
Published: June 2022

Most of the Indonesian society form new interaction network with the western lifestyle, so indirectly it created the consumetive society in which everthing was consumed from foreign countries as the effects of the diffucion culture. That effects inflicted the Indonesian culture become eroded step by step. Therefore, creative director is needed for producing the television programme which can inform and distribute knowledge about diversity of Indonesian culture. In fulfilling these needs, the audio visual work was created with the emphasis on beauty shots of Indonesian culture, namely clip video exploration in temple surroundings, advertisement exploration of wayang and Indonesian cosmetic products. It is hoped that this television programme can educate the society on how to preserve the Indonesian culture and not easily influenced by foreign cultures.Keywords: creative, television, Nusantara, and directing
Timokinonun akciğerler üzerine immünomodülatör etkisi
Authors: GÖZÜOĞLU Mustafa , TÜTÜNCÜ Şerife
Published: June 2022

Son zamanlarda bitki antioksidanları, yan etkilerinin az olması ve iyi bir besin takviyesi olmaları nedeni ile oldukça önem kazanmıştır. Timokinon, Nigella sativa tohumunun uçucu yağından elde edilen ana aktif fenolik bir bileşik olup yüksek antioksidan özellikleri nedeni ile birçok hastalıkta geleneksel olarak kullanılmaktadır. İn vitro ve in vivo çalışmalarda, timokinonun antienflamatuar, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser gibi birçok faydalı etkilere sahip olabildiği bildirilmiştir. Mevcut çalışmada timokinonun farklı dozlarının ve farklı uygulama şekillerinin akciğerler üzerine yaptığı olası immunmodülatör etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ratlar rastgele 5 gruba ayrıldı ve her grup 7’şer rattan oluştu. Gruplar; 1mg/kg (ip), 2 mg/kg (ip), 10mg/kg (gavaj), 20 mg/kg (gavaj) ve kontrol olarak düzenlendi. Çalışma sonunda ketamin+ ksilazin uygulaması sonrası uyutulan ratlar sakrifiye edildi ve akciğerler alınarak %10’luk Tamponlu Formaldehit solüsyonunda tespit edildi. Rutin histolojik doku takibi prosedürleri uygulanarak elde edilen kesitlerde normal histolojik yapının incelenmesi için Crossmon’ın üçlü boyama tekniği kullanıldı. İnterleukin 2 (IL-2) ve interferon gama (IFN-γ)’nın ekspresyonunu göstermek için immunohistokimyasal yöntemlerden streptavidin-biotin-kompleks yöntemi kullanıldı. Sonuç olarak yapılan çalışma ile hem gavaj hem de intraperitoneal yollarla farklı dozlarda uygulanmış timokinonunun akciğerler üzerine immunmodülatör etkileri, IL-2 ve IFN-γ’nın lokalizasyonu ve ekspresyonu gösterildi. IL-2 ve IFN-γ’nın lokalizasyonu tüm gruplarda bronş ve bronşiyol epitellerinde, bronş ve bronşiyol duvarlarında, alveol duvarındaki hücrelerde gösterildi. Tüm gruplarda farklı şiddetlerde immun pozitif reaksiyonların gözlenmesi, timokinon uygulamasının IL-2 ve IFN-γ salgılanmasını inaktive etmediğini göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte timokinon uygulanan deney gruplarında IFN-γ ve IL-2 reaksiyonlarında azalmaların gözlenmesi, timokinonun akciğerler ve immunmodülasyon mekanizma üzerine olumlu etkiler yaptığını akla getirmektedir.
Alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu olan köpeklerde canine coronavirusun tespiti ve moleküler karakterizasyonu
Authors: DOĞAN Fırat , KÖSE Serkan İrfan
Published: June 2022

Coronaviridae familyasında yer alan coronaviruslar insan ve hayvanlarda sindirim ve solunum sistemi enfeksiyonlarına neden olmaktadır. Alfacoronavirus içerisinde yer alan canine coronaviruslar (CCoV)’ın CCoV I ve CCoV II olmak üzere iki alt tipi bulunmaktadır. CCoV-II ise CCoV- IIa ve IIb olmak üzere iki genotipe ayrılmaktadır. CCoV her yaştaki ve her türlü beslenme şekline sahip köpekleri etkilemesine rağmen özellikle yeni doğan yavrular daha duyarlı ve ciddi şekilde etkilenebilmektedir. Yapılan literatür araştırmalarına göre ülkemizde özellikle alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarındaki canine coronavirus varlığının tespitine yönelik moleküler çalışmalara rastlanılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tanımlanan barınak köpeklerinde CCoV’un tespiti ve moleküler karakterizasyonunun yapılması amaçlandı. Bu amaçla alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tespit edilen 40 adet barınak köpeğinden alınan Bronkoalveolar Lavaj (BAL) sıvıları incelendi. Test edilen 40 köpeğe ait BAL sıvılarından 3 tanesinde CCoV tespit edildi. Yapılan dizin analizi sonrasında elde edilen dizinler ile filogenetik ağaç yapıldı. Filogenetik ağaçta pozitif bulunan 3 örnekten 2 sinin CCoV-I, bir örneğin ise CCoV-II olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma ile barınak köpeklerinin alt solunum yolu rahatsızlıklarında CCoV-I ve CCoV-II’ nin rol oynayabileceği ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca aynı barınakta farklı hayvanlarda iki farklı CCoV’nun tespiti önemli bir veri olarak değerlendirilmiş olup özellikle barınak koşulları gibi kalabalık ortamda barındırılan köpeklerdeki her iki tipin tespiti gelecekte oluşabilecek yeni varyantların ya da alt tiplerin oluşabilme ihtimalinin de göz ardı edilmemesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.
Power of Dirichlet kernels and approximation by discrete linear operators $\textit{I}$: direct results
Authors: Bustamante Jorge
Published: June 2022

The second and third powers of the Dirichlet kernel are used to construct discrete linear operators for the approximation of continuous periodic functions. An estimate of the rate of convergence is given. Approximation of non-periodic functions are also considered.
Дослідження українських екотипів сосни звичайної в географічних культурах 1975–1976 років створення на Донеччині
Authors: Tereshchenko L. I. , Prikhodko O. B. , Los S. A.
Published: June 2022

Наведено результати обстеження екотипів сосни звичайної (Pinus sylvestris L.) українського походження в географічних культурах 1975–1976 років створення в умовах ДП «Лиманське лісове господарство» Донецької області – одного з об’єктів євразійської транснаціональної мережі географічних культур. Визначено показники збережуваності, висоти, діаметра, прямизни стовбура, стану та наявності репродукції дерев. Динаміку росту 22 повторностей екотипів від 3 до 46 років визначено за допомогою кореляційного та регресійного аналізів. Виявлено, що в жорстких степових умовах збережуваність екотипів українських походжень становила 28,9 %. За продуктивністю деревостан характеризувався у середньому ІІІ класом бонітету, за варіантами – від І до V. Частка прямостовбурових дерев у варіантах становила від 0 до 24,6 %. Стан і репродукція більшості презентованих екотипів є задовільними. Перспективними для лісового господарства в умовах Байрачного Степу є Черкаський, Київський, Сумський боровий, Харківський екотипи. Кращі дерева цих походжень рекомендовано розмножити вегетативним шляхом для створення клонової насінної плантації.
Видовий склад і лісівничо-таксаційна характеристика полезахисних лісових смуг, створених Г. М. Висоцьким в умовах Байрачного Степу України
Authors: Solomakha N. G. , Korotkova T. M. , Sydorenko S. V. , Sydorenko S. G. , Yurchenko V. А. , Tupchii O. M.
Published: June 2022

Досліджено динаміку видового складу 90–127-річних полезахисних лісових смуг в умовах Байрачного Степу України. Виявлено, що дуб звичайний у полезахисних лісових смугах в умовах Степу зберігає біологічну стійкість навіть у віці понад 120 років. За санітарним станом переважна більшість досліджуваних полезахисних лісових смуг характеризуються як «здорові насадження» та «ослаблені насадження» (Іс = І,1–ІІ,2). За відсутності доглядів ажурність вертикального профілю досліджуваних полезахисних лісових смуг зменшується, запроєктована продувна конструкція змінюється на щільну. За результатами однофакторного дисперсійного аналізу (ANOVA) не виявлено значущої різниці таксаційних і лісомеліоративних показників між групами «мішані насадження» та «чисті насадження» ПЛС (Ff < Fcrit, p > 0,05). Визначено, що за період 1894–2021 рр. відбулися зміни у видовому складі полезахисних лісових смуг у бік збільшення участі деревно-чагарникових видів. Зі складу зникли вісім видів, з’явилися 23 нових види. У досліджуваних насадженнях (станом на 2021 р.) презентовано 44 види дерев, чагарників і ліан. Видовий склад є найбільш різноманітним в узлісних частинах, причому близько половини становлять аборигенні види.
Динаміка стану пірогенно пошкоджених сосняків зеленої зони міста Харків
Authors: Voron V. P. , Melnyk Ye. Ye. , Sydorenko S. H.
Published: June 2022

Проаналізовано тенденції виникнення пожеж за період 2002–2021 рр. у лісах зеленої зони м. Харків у найчастіше пошкоджуваних лісах Васищевського та Бабаївського лісництв ДП «Жовтневе ЛГ» та їхню приуроченість до окремих урочищ, кварталів, лісорослинних умов і характеристик деревостанів. У сосняках проведено багаторічні дослідження (до 13 років) стану дерев та їхньої густоти після низових пожеж різної інтенсивності з урахуванням сезону року. Під час відбору постійних пробних площ для аналізу брали до уваги причини змін: післяпожежний і природний відпад чи проведення рубок. Оцінено вплив на процес усихання антропогенного фактора, санітарних рубок, повторних пожеж, ентомошкідників і фітопатогенів. Наведені дані використано для виявлення точності оцінювання змін у сосняках після пошкодження низовою пожежею різної інтенсивності та в різні сезони, а також для прогнозування подальшого розвитку таких насаджень. Виявлено, що хоча стан сосняків дещо покращився, проте навіть через 13 років після пожежі не відновився повністю.
Сукцесії трав’яного покриву в пірогенно пошкоджених соснових фітоценозах лісостепової частини Харківщини
Authors: Voron V. P. , Melnyk Ye. Ye. , Sydorenko S. G. , Koval I. M. , Sydorenko S. V.
Published: June 2022

Наведено результати дослідження зміни трав’яно-чагарникового ярусу в середньовікових сосняках лісостепової частині Харківщини, пошкоджених низовими пожежами різної інтенсивності,. Дослідження проводили на 23 постійних пробних площах, закладених у сосняках у типі лісу В2ДС. Для детального аналізу змін після низових пожеж проаналізовано динаміку видового складу та проєктивного покриття надґрунтового покриву. На основі розробленого Я. П. Дідухом методу фітоіндикації екологічних факторів за уніфікованими шкалами екологічних амплітуд видів флори України оцінено світловий режим і властивості ґрунтів у насадженнях, які зазнали порушень після лісових пожеж. Виявлено, що зміни в надґрунтовому покриві залежать від інтенсивності пожежі та пори року, коли сталося пошкодження. Формування живого надґрунтового покриву відбувається через утворення пагонів із бруньок лучних видів рослин, що збереглися після пожежі, і самосів бур’янів та інвазійних видів. Суттєвих змін більшості екологічних та едафічних факторів після пожеж та у подальші роки в соснових фітоценозах не сталося. Лише рівень освітлення помітно збільшувався вже в рік пошкодження, що пов’язане зі зрідженням деревного намету.
An Overview of the Journey of Political Parties in Indonesia from a Socio-historical Perspective
Authors: Safrizal Rambe  , Zulkarnain
Published: June 2022

Democratic country usually generates a healthy, growing, and rooted political party. In Indonesia, political parties had long been known before Indonesia's independence. At that time, the political party became the medium of the founding fathers' struggle to fight against colonialism. Since Indonesia's Independence Day, the existence of a political party was admitted and supported by the government. This study needs to make a political point of view. It will enrich learning and understanding of the existence of political parties concerning the development of Political Science in Indonesia. The focus of this study is to describe how the political party's history and its role from Orde Lama until the Orde Baru era in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative research method, and data interpretation will be analyzed with the descriptive analysis method. In the meantime, data validation will be checked and rechecked after collecting data. This study concludes that Indonesian politics has experienced a significant shift in values and practices. Indonesia started the state process with the concept of gotong royong. It was oriented to the welfare of the people with the leadership of the assembly institution as the people's representative in the form of deliberation.
The Role of Criminology in Combating Law Violations Committed to Fulfilling the Needs of Life
Authors: Diah Ratu Sari Harahap
Published: June 2022

The economic conditions of the people are different. Groups of people classified as economically poor, such as beggars, buskers, street vendors, and hawkers, are sometimes forced to violate the law to meet their daily needs. Their activities are considered a disturbance to public order. They were criminalized and threatened with punishment. Earning a living is a human right guaranteed in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This situation is a confusion of thought and an error in implementing a worrying state administration. Criminology must play a role in overcoming this problem. The problem proposed in this research is what encourages citizens to violate the law in fulfilling their needs. Do citizens who violate the law in fulfilling their daily necessities need to be punished with criminal charges? What is the role of criminology in tackling this problem? The research method used in this research is a descriptive analysis aimed at describing social phenomena and social realities that occur in such a way so that these conditions can be understood as research in which relevance is achieved. The study results indicate that the factors that encourage community members to violate the law in fulfilling their daily needs are poor economic conditions. People who violate the law in fulfilling their daily needs as long as they are considered disturbing public order do not need to be threatened with criminal charges. Criminology plays a role in finding the causes of law violations committed by citizens in meeting their needs. Through the research results carried out, efforts can be made to overcome them.
COVID-19 Related Multi System Inflammatory Syndrome in Children:Spectrum of Kawasaki Disease or Different Entity? A Challenging Mystery for Paediatricians
Authors: Rahman Shahana Akhter
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available

BANGLADESH J CHILD HEALTH 2021; VOL 45 (2) : 63-66
Coumarins from the Roots of Angelica archangelica and Antibacterial Activity Against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Alloush Mrhaf , Mallion Cai , Sarker Satyajit D , Rahman M Mukhlesur
Published: June 2022

Angelica archangelica (Fam. Apiaceae) roots were extracted sequentially with n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) using a Soxhlet apparatus. The n-hexane and DCM extracts were fractionated by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) over silica gel followed by Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (PTLC) to yield two coumarins, osthol (1) and osthenol (2). However, the methanol extract was fractionated by solid-phase extraction using C18 cartridge followed by analysis of components by analytical High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and purification by preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to give two coumarins, bergapten (3) and heraclenol (4) along with sucrose (5). Compounds were identified by a series of 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D (COSY, HSQC and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometric analysis. The crude extracts (n-hexane, DCM, and methanol) and compound 1, were screened for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA and Micrococcus luteus), Gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a fungus, Candida albicans. The antimicrobial assays showed that the crude DCM and n-hexane extracts, alongside compound 1, largely inhibited the growth of the microorganisms at high concentrations. Compound 1, which was further tested for antibacterial activity against a series of clinical isolates of methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus, showed moderate level of activity against only one strain.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(3): 275-281, 2022 (June) Centennial Special Issue
Antioxidative and Antidiabetic Potentials of the Pneumatophores of Heritiera fomes Buch. Ham.
Authors: Sultana Mst Serina , Golder Mimi , Biswas Biswajit , Karmakar Utpal Kumar , Bokshi Bishwajit , Alam Md Jahir , Shahriar Masum , Sadhu Samir Kumar
Published: June 2022

This research work focuses on determining the antidiabetic and antioxidative properties of ethanolic extract of Heriteira fomes pneumatophores. The in vitro antioxidative activity was tested through several qualitative and quantitative assays which revealed the radical scavenging activity of this plant. The in vivo antihyperglycemic activity of plant extract was confirmed by the oral glucose tolerance test in the mice model. The antidiabetic potential was tested on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats followed by measuring several hematological parameters and lipid profiles where the extract significantly affected those parameters. The results suggest that H. fomes pneumatophores might be a potential source of antioxidative and antidiabetic bioactive compounds.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(3): 283-291, 2022 (June) Centennial Special Issue
A Review on Structure - Activity Relationship of Antimicrobial Peptide Magainin 2
Authors: Hasan Moynul , Islam Md Monirul , Rahman Md Mostafizur
Published: June 2022

The rapid development of antibacterial resistance has increased the need for the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. In this context, an emerging class of molecules called antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has been considered an excellent material for introducing novel antibiotics. Among the wide variety of AMPs, magainin 2 is a 23 residue (GIGKFLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS) peptide obtained from the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis. Different mutants of magainin 2 have been studied to investigate the structure-function relationship. In the present study, we recapitulate the effects of modifying several structural parameters of magainin 2 such as peptide length, amino acid composition, net charge, alpha helicity, hydrophobicity, hydrophobic moment and amphiphilicity on its antibacterial activity. Moreover, we summarized the hemolytic activity regarding these modifications. An optimum change of these parameters would provide desired antibacterial activity with minimum hemolysis. This structurefunction relationship study could be used as a template in designing novel functional antibacterial agents.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 20(3): 427-434, 2022 (June) Centennial Special Issue
Surgical Services in Bangladesh: Glorious 50 years for Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons
Authors: Hossain Md Sanawar
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 3
Evolution of Examination System of Bangladesh College of Physicians & Surgeons
Authors: Tarikul Islam Quazi , Miah Md Titu , Yasmin Rubina , Das Aparna , Rowshan AHM , Alam Md Billal , Rahman Florida , Banik Gobinda Chandra
Published: June 2022

Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons (BCPS) is the pioneer in pertaining postgraduate medical education and training in this country since its establishment on 6th June 1972. With tremendous effort from the founder Fellows, the BCPS was able to hold the first post-graduate examination in July 1972. In 1972, examination started with FCPS part I, II and MCPS Exam with four subjects. After 50 years journey of BCPS up to January 2022, number of fellows are 7479 and subjects of fellowship is 59.We have searched different papers and electronic documents of examination department of BCPS including year book and found that BCPS went through various changes occurred in different aspects of examination systems including number of subjects. Introduction of OSPE, SBA, IOE and omission of viva are the epoch-making steps of BCPS. Punctuality is the beauty of BCPS. But, at the era of golden jubilee of BCPS, our realization is that our examination system yet not structured and standardized up to the mark.We hope, BCPS will make a new horizon by overcoming all obstacles in future.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 39-45
Looking Back: Remarkable Articles Published in the Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons
Authors: Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Nazneen Rumana , Saiful Tasnuva , Afroza Syeda , Begum Rowshan Ara
Published: June 2022

Journal archives are invaluable resources to the scientific community. The Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons (JBCPS) is one of the leading biomedical journals in Bangladesh. The objectives of the present review were to have an overview to the all published articles in the JBCPS and to identify remarkable articles for republication of the abstracts on the occasion of golden jubilee celebration of the Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons (BCPS). This retrospective review covered all published articles in the JBCPS since its inaugural issue published in August 1983 to the latest issue published in April 2022. Articles were retrieved from different sources; the BCPS Library, the JBCPS office and Bangladesh Journals On-Line (BanglaJOL). For selection of remarkable articles, systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled clinical trials and original articles were considered and review articles, case reports and others were excluded. Articles were evaluated on three main areas: contribution to the field, methods and clarity of presentation. After initial scrutiny by different contributors, a short list containing 43 articles was prepared. This short list was then reevaluated by each authors individually for identification of 20 remarkable articles and the final selection was made jointly in a meeting among them. Over 40 years, the JBCPS has published 1212 different types of articles including 114 editorials, 565 original research articles, 138 review articles, 316 case reports, 37 images and 42 other types of articles. Twenty remarkable articles were selected from different specialties including anaesthesiology, dentistry, endocrinology, gastroenterology, hepatology, infectious diseases, histopathology, medical education, obstetrics and gynaecology, oncology, ophthalmology, pulmonology, paediatrics, psychiatry, surgery, toxicology and other specialties. In spite of its commendable role in publishing scholarly articles over the previous four decades, the JBCPS is expected to contribute more in the future, both in local and international perspectives.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 62-73
Journey of Medical Education Department, BCPS: Its Contribution in Developing Skilled Fellows for Effective use of Assessment Tools
Authors: Afroze Samira Rahat , Hasan Md Mehedi , Jamal ABM , Begum Tahmina
Published: June 2022

Abstract not available
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2022; 40: 107-109
Järjepidevus ja muutuvad vaatenurgad soome-ugri uuringutes
Authors: Koosa Piret , Karm Svetlana
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Viljelytekniset ratkaisut säilörehunurmen juuribiomassan hiilisyötteen määrän ja kemiallisen koostumuksen hallinnassa
Authors: Kykkänen Sanna , Korhonen Panu , Lind Saara , Virkajärvi Perttu
Published: June 2022

Kasvihuonekaasupäästöjen vähentämisen ohella maaperän hiilivarastojen lisääminen on välttämätön keino ilmaston lämpenemistä hillittäessä. Monivuotiset nurmikasvit ovat avainasemassa maatalousmaiden hiilen sidonnassa ja hiilivarojen vähenemisen hillinnässä. Tämä perustuu sekä viljelytekniikkaan että nurmikasvien biologisiin ominaisuuksiin, erityisesti monivuotisuuteen ja siihen liittyvään yksivuotisista kasveista poikkeavaan juuriston kasvudynamiikkaan. Myös orgaaniseen hiilisyötteeseen kiinteästi liittyvät maan biologinen, kemiallinen ja fysikaalinen viljavuus ovat keskeisiä tekijöitä peltomaiden hiilen kierron ja hiilen pysyvyyden näkökulmasta. Pohjoisilla lyhytkiertoisilla säilörehunurmilla juuristotutkimusta on tehty huomattavan vähän. Keskeisimpinä keinoina vaikuttaa juuribiomassan määrään ja profiiliin ovat nousseet esiin erityisesti typpilannoituksen määrä, kasvilajivalinta sekä nurmen niittokorkeuden nosto. Luonnonvarakeskuksen Kuopion Maaningan toimipaikassa on tutkittu näiden vaikutusta juuriston massaan, profiiliin, hiilipitoisuuteen, hiilen kemialliseen koostumukseen sekä verso/juuri-suhteeseen. Kolme säilörehunurmen juuristodynamiikkaa selvittävää kenttäkoetta toteutettiin Maaningalla vuosina 2018-2020 kivennäismaalla. Kokeessa 1 vertailtiin kahta juuristo-ominaisuuksiltaan poikkeavaa kasvilajia (ruokonata ’Retu’ ja timotei ’Nuutti’). Analyysejä varten kerätyt juuristo- ja satonäytteet otettiin kunkin niiton yhteydessä ensimmäisenä nurmivuotena. Kokeessa seurattiin myös juuristodynamiikkaa minirhitsotron-kuvauksilla 80 cm:n syvyyteen asti. Kokeessa 2 tutkittiin typpi (N) lannoituksen vaikutusta N-tasoilla 0, 150 ja 300 kg N ha-1 v-1 jaettuna kolmelle sadolle. Kokeessa 3 koekäsittelyinä olivat niittokorkeudet 6 ja 12 cm. Kokeet 2 ja 3 toteutettiin timotei (’Nuutti’)-nurminata (’Valtteri’) -seoksilla. Juuristonäytteet otettiin toisena nurmivuotena kolmannen korjuun yhteydessä. Kaikissa kokeissa juuristonäytteet jaettiin neljään syvyysprofiiliin (0–2, 2–10, 10–20, 20–40 cm). Juuristomassa, C- ja N-pitoisuus sekä hiilen kemiallinen koostumus (EWAN) selvitettiin profiileittain. Lisäksi laskettiin juuri/verso-suhde. Tulokset osoittavat, että kasvilajivalinta ja N-lannoitustaso vaikuttivat juuristonmäärään ja hiilisyötteeseen. Ruokonadan juuristomassa oli merkittävästi timotein juuristomassaa korkeampi kaikissa kolmessa niitossa ja kasvilajien välinen ero kasvoi kesän edetessä (niitot 1,2 ja 3: ruokonata 5160, 5960, 6360 kg ka ha-1 vs timotei: 3990, 4360, 4620 kg ka ha-1). Kokeessa 2 N-lannoitustaso 150 kg N ha-1 v-1 tuotti merkitsevästi suuremman juuribiomassan (6860 kg ka ha-1) kuin lannoitustasot 0 ja 300 kg N ha-1 v-1 (4760 ja 4050 kg ka ha-1). Niittokorkeus ei vaikuttanut juurimassaan tai hiilisyötteeseen. Sadon ja juuristomassan välillä ei havaittu korrelaatiota. Tulokset osoittivat kasvilajivalinnan ja typpilannoituksen säädön vaikuttavan juuristomassaan ja siitä tulevan hiilisyötteen määrään nurmenviljelyssä.
Barriers and levers of enhancing animal welfare in organic and low-input outdoor production: Insights from a supply chain survey
Authors: Väre Minna , Lähtinen Katja , Heinola Katriina , Mikkola Jarmo , Parrott Tricia , Bonnefous Claire , Van Vooren Laura , Kliphuis Saskia , Zuliani Anna , Ponzio Raffaella , Warin Laura , Herremans Sophie , Baldinger Lisa , Coletta Monica , Re Martina , Roguet Christine , Spinu Marina , Rangel Pedersen Ninfa , Collin Anne , Niemi Jarkko
Published: June 2022

Animal welfare is an essential part of the sustainability of animal production. While low-input farming, such as organic animal production, is often considered animal-friendly, several ways to enhance animal welfare in low-input animal production exist. However, currently there is little information on how farmers and other supply chain actors view different innovations and tools which may influence animal welfare in low-input outdoor and organic production systems. The aim of this study was to examine farmers’ and experts’ reactions to new approaches to pig and poultry production, with special attention to their animal welfare-related measures. The reactions were tested formally in by using a quantitative survey instrument in nine European countries (Finland, UK, France, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Romania). In the survey, respondents’ views on production practices and novel measures were asked. These included aspects such as applicability and advantages and disadvantages of various measures such as avoiding mutilations, using dual-purpose or local breeds, or in-ovo sexing. The data included altogether 218 responses from nine countries. Differences between countries were tested and groups of respondents were identified. The results suggest that supply side stakeholders foresee the welfare benefits and some disadvantages of welfare improving measures proposed to them. However, they also indicate that several measures were considered inapplicable despite their benefits. Inadequate financial provisions to adopt a measure was considered as one of the most important reasons for inapplicability of a measure. This may imply either high costs of implementing measures of low market incentives or perceived low demand for animal-friendly products. Other barriers for adopting welfare-friendly measures included farm-specific factors such as limitations imposed by housing. The respondents indicated a high relative preference for feeding, breeding, shelter from predators and the use of vaccines and anti-parasitic treatments to the provision of enrichments and nesting material to pigs, and to mutilations. Farmers agreed that environmental enrichments are important welfare-improving levers and preferred their use in low-input pig and poultry production. Animal breeding-related measures in pig production were perceived quite favorably by supply side stakeholders. Despite their welfare benefits, farmers in some countries had quite high preference towards maintaining castration and tail docking in pig and beak trimming in broiler production as part of their production method.
Metsäteollisuuden kuitulietteiden peltoviljelykäyttö karkeilla kivennäismailla
Authors: Termonen Maarit , Keskinen Riikka , Nikama Johanna , Järvenranta Kirsi , Soinne Helena , Järvinen Mikko , Rasa Kimmo , Uusi-Kämppä Jaana , Auvinen Harri , Lappalainen Reijo , Räty Mari
Published: June 2022

Viimeaikaiset tulokset massa- ja paperiteollisuuden sivuvirroista ja tehtaan jätevesien puhdistusprosesseista syntyvien kuitulietteiden käytöstä maanparannusaineina hienojakoisilla viljelymailla ovat olleet lupaavia. Kuitulietteiden sato-, hiilisyöte- ja maanparannusvaikutusten selvittämiseksi karkeilla kivennäismailla (KHt) perustettiin Biosfääri-hankkeessa (Biosfääri Pohjois-Savo; Biomassan ja biojalostusteknologioiden hyödyntäminen liiketoiminnan kasvattamisessa) Luke Maaningalle kaksivuotinen, lohkoittain satunnaistettu ja neljänä kerranteena toteutettu kenttäkoe. Timotei-nurminatanurmi perustettiin kesäkuussa 2020 suojaviljan alle. Ennen kylvöä kuitulietteet levitettiin maan pintaan (21–28 tuore-t ha-1, liukoinen-N n. 15 kg ha-1, kokonais-P n. 26 kg ha-1) ja äestettiin noin 7 cm:n syvyyteen. Toinen metsäteollisuuden kuitulietteistä oli tyyppinimeltään kalkkistabiloitu puhdistamoliete (kalkkikuitu Kuopio; Fortum Waste Solution Oy; jatkossa maanparannuskuitu A), kun taas toinen oli hygienisoimaton ja tuotteistamaton (Stora Enso Oyj, Varkaus; jatkossa maanparannuskuitu B). Kuitulietteistä otetuissa näytteissä ei todettu salmonellabakteereita ja Escherichia coli -pitoisuudet (<10 pmy g-1) alittivat raja-arvot. Ennakkotietojen perusteella levitysmäärät suunniteltiin siten, että keskimääräinen kadmiumin enimmäiskuormitus ei ylittyisi ja lisätty hiilimäärä olisi samansuuruinen kuitukoejäsenten kesken (toteuma n. 3100 kg C ha-1). Molemmilla kuitulietteillä oli mukana kaksi mineraalityppilannoitustasoa (40 ja 80 kg N ha-1, lisänä n. 40 kg K ha-1). Mukana oli myös mineraalityppiportaat (0, 40, 80, 120 kg N ha-1, lisänä 10 kg P ha-1, n. 40 kg K ha-1). Tässä raportissa tuloksia esitetään karsitusti seuraaville koejäsenille: 1) typpilannoittamaton 0 kg N ha-1 (jatkossa 0 N), 2) mineraalityppiporras 80 kg N ha-1 (jatkossa 80 N), 3) maanparannuskuitu A + 80 N ja 4) maanparannuskuitu B + 80 N. Nurmivuonna 2021 tarkasteltiin kuitulevitysten jälkivaikutusta. Mineraalitypen lannoitustasot säilytettiin samanlaisina kuin vuonna 2020 (lisänä 1. niitossa: 20 kg P ha-1, n. 25 kg K ha-1; 2. niitossa: 0 kg P ha-1, n. 25 kg K ha-1). Ensimmäisenä koevuonna puimalla korjatun ohran sato (15% kosteus) oli kuitukoejäsenillä 80 kg N     ha-1 -lisäystasolla keskimäärin 3840 kg ha-1, eikä poikennut tilastollisesti merkitsevästi koejäsenestä 80 N. Vuonna 2021 kuitukoejäsenet tuottivat keskimäärin 980 kg ka ha-1 suuremman nurmen kokonaiskuiva-ainesadon verrattuna 80 N -koejäseneen. Tämä satoero oli tilastollisesti merkitsevä molemmilla maanparannuskuiduilla ja selittyi todennäköisesti kuitujen sisältämän typen mineralisoitumisella.
Implementation Of Article 86 Of Law Number 13 Of 2003 Concerning Manpower,Occupational Safety And Health Toward Operator Of Gas Station number 21.381.09 At rawa Makmur Of Bengkulu City
Authors: Jumiati Sukma , Ganefi Ganefi , Irawan Candra
Published: June 2022

Regarding labour protection, therefore the Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower,Article 86 Paragraph (1) Letter a and Paragraph (2) states that:"Every worker/labourer has the right to receive protection on occupational safety and health". Then, the researchers will discuss the implementation of article 86 of law number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower, occupational safety and health toward an operator of the gas station number 21.381.09 at RawaMakmurof Bengkulu City. The aim of this research was to know the implementation ofarticle 86 of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower toward the operator of gas station number 21.381.09 atRawaMakmurof Bengkulu City. This research was an empirical study of qualitative research. The data sources used were secondary and primary data sources. In collecting the data, the researcher used interview, observation and documentation. After doing research, it can be concluded the following: Legal Protection at the gas stationare done by using Security Administration Body for Employment (BPJS Ketenagakerjaan) and Healthcare Security (BPJS Kesehatan), and conducted directly protection by the company by providing sweetened condensed milk as a neutralizing immune system, protective footwear shoes, and fire extinguishers as firefighters.
Pengaruh Orientasi Posisi Printing Z Axis Mesin 3D Printing Terhadap Kuat Tarik Menggunakan Filamen Super Tough PLA
Authors: Hasdiansah Hasdiansah , Pristiansyah Pristiansyah , Suzen Zaldy S
Published: June 2022

Abstrak

Pembuatan bagian-bagian utama suatu sistem mekanis dapat menggunakan teknologi 3D Printing. Salah satu teknologi 3D Printing yang paling murah adalah menggunakan Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). Ada banyak material yang dapat dicetak dengan teknologi FDM seperti PLA, ST-PLA, ABS, Nylon, PETG, dan lain-lain, Semakin mahal teknologi FDM semakin banyak jenis filamen yang dapat dicetak oleh mesin tersebut. Spesimen uji tarik standar ASTM D638 Type IV sering digunakan oleh para peneliti untuk melihat kuat tarik produk cetak. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa parameter proses yang diatur pada slicing software yang selanjutnya dalam bentuk G-Code dan disimpan dalam suatu sd.card dan diproses pada mesin 3D Printer FDM. Filamen ST-PLA yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berdiameter 1,75mm dan menggunakan nozzle 0,4mm. Parameter proses yang diatur pada slicing software adalah sebagai berikut. nozzle temperature 195 °C, bed temperature 60 °C, travel speed 120 mm/s, printing speed default 50 mm/s, layer thickness 0,3 mm, internal fill pattern wiggle, external fill pattern concentric, bottom layer 5, top layer 5, dan perimeter 5. Variabel yang berubah pada orientasi posisi cetak atau Z Rotate Degree 0°, 5°,10°,15°,20°,25°,30°, 35°,40°,45°,50°,55°,60°,65°,70°,75°,80°,85°,dan 90°. Nilai tertinggi hasil pengujian kuat tarik spesimen uji standar ASTM D638 Type IV diperoleh pada eksperimen nomor dua belas (12) yaitu 61,10Mpa dengan sudut putar arah sumbu Z sebesar 55°, Nilai terendah hasil pengujian kuat tarik spesimen uji diperoleh pada spesimen uji eksperimen nomor tujuh (7) yaitu 37,50 MPa. Pengaruh orientasi sudut putar arah sumbu Z terhadap berat filamen yang dibutuhkan pada proses pencetakan spesimen uji tarik tidak signifikan yaitu hanya sebesar 0,01mm.

Kata Kunci : 3D Printing, ASTM D638 Type IV, Orientasi, Spesimen Uji Tarik, ST-PLA
Pengaruh Parameter Proses Pada 3D Printing FDM Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Filament ABS CCTREE
Authors: Pristiansyah Pristiansyah , Hasdiansah Hasdiansah , Ferdiansyah Ade
Published: June 2022

3D printing technology is one of the new breakthroughs in the world of manufacturing. This principle uses layered modeling, which directly converts 3D data from computer-aided design (CAD) into physical prototypes. Additive Manufacturing technology itself has attracted a lot of interest as research material from industry to academia because it can provide manufacturing solutions that produce products with complex designs and reduce time without compromising print quality. Currently, the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) process is the most widely used process in 3D printing due to its ease of operation, low operating costs and environmental convenience. This study uses the Taguchi method with quality characteristics the bigger the better. The experimental design used is L27 OA by analyzing the Signal to Noise Ratio SNR. The method is based on the principle of tensile strength, to determine the process parameters that greatly affect the ABS CCTREE filament. The process parameters used in this research are nozzle temperature, layer thickness, temperature based plate, print speed and infill pattern. The order of the most influential parameters in a row is layer thickness of 40,74%, print speed of 9,40%, nozzle temperature of 5,69%, temperature based plate of 5,56% and infill pattern of 4,36%.
KILLING FORM ALJABAR LIE FROBENIUS BERDIMENSI ≤4 UNTUK MENENTUKAN KESEMISEDERHANAANNYA
Authors: Kurniadi Edi
Published: June 2022

We study the notion of the Killing form for Frobenius Lie algebras of dimension . The Killing form is a symmetric bilinear form on a finite dimensional Lie algebra  over a field  defined by  where  is denoted the trace and  is an adjoint representation of .  A Lie algebras is said to be semisimple if it has the nondegenerate Killing form. The research aims to consider the criterion for semisimplicity of Frobenius Lie algebras of dimension  by using the Killing form. The results show that each Frobenius Lie algebra of dimension  and   is not semisimple since the the Killing form is degenerate or in other words, a determinant of a representation matrix  of the Killing form is equal to zero. For the future research, it is still an open problem to consider the general formulas of the Killing form for higher dimensional Frobenius Lie algebra whether degenerate or nondegenerate such that the semisimplicity of a Lie algebra can be considered. We conjecture that each finite dimensional real Frobenius Lie algebra is not semisimple.
ANALISIS DAN REKONSTRUKSI DESAIN KEGIATAN LABORATORIUM (DKL) MATERI SPERMATOPHYTA MELALUI PETUNJUK PRAKTIKUM
Authors: Tri Darmawati Wahyu , Suprianto Bambang , Anggraini Sri
Published: June 2022

One of the skills needed in the 21st century is scientific literacy. However, the existing DKL as practicum support is not optimal to be able to improve students' scientific literacy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of DKL on Spermatophyta material used to support practicum in schools, using laboratory activity analysis instruments covering aspects of curriculum relevance, competence, and knowledge construction. This research method is descriptive research. The sampling technique was carried out purposively, where the samples of DKL analyzed came from two DKL, namely DKL Biology class X spermatophyta material based on the 2013 Curriculum and the Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP). Furthermore, a trial was conducted on one of the DKL. The findings from the analysis and trials became the basis for the reconstruction of Spermatophyta DKL. The results of the research show that the existing DKL still has not developed higher-order thinking skills, and there are still few concepts formed. The results of the reconstruction of DKL through practical instructions to be more effective and representative according to the demands of the applicable KD and develop science process skills.
ANALISA LOGAM BERAT DALAM AIR MINUM ISI ULANG (AMIU) YANG BEREDAR DI KOTA BATAM
Authors: Fitrah Amelia
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze and determine the levels of metal content contained in refill drinking water circulating in the city of Batam. To achieve this goal, research activities were carried out 2 times sampling at 6 refill drinking water depots in Batam City. The research was conducted at the chemical laboratory of the University of Riau Islands and analysis of metal contamination was carried out by analysts using the ICP-MS method at the Indonesian Surveyor Laboratory in Batam using the services of an analyst. The methods used in this study include descriptive methods to determine sampling techniques, and laboratory examinations. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the levels of Cu, Cd, and Pb metals in the 6 refill drinking water depots are below the standard that has been set based on SNI and Minister of Health regulations No. 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010. So that the refill drinking water is fit for consumption.