bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLITIK ISLAM PERSFEKTIF MAQASHID SYARIAH
Authors: Maimunah Maimunah
Published: October 2018

Beranjak dari permasalahan yang sering menjadi wacana di tengah-tengah masyarakat yang sebagian merasakan bahwa sistem politik di Indonesia lebih sesuai dengan corak kekhalifahan dengan alasan untuk menegakkan syariat di bumi nusantara ini. Hal ini tentunya sedikit banyak akan menimbulkan reaksi dari sebagian masyarakat yang lain yang merasa tidak senang kalau hal tersebut diwujudkan karena notabene mereka yang non muslim, sehingga dalam penelitian ini penulis ingin mengungkapkan pentingnya pemikiran politik Islam ditinjau dari perspektif Maqâshid al-syarî’ah, maka masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah politik ada dalam Islam dan bagaimana eksistensi politik Islam di Negara Indonesia dalam perspektif Maqâshid al-syarî’ah. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mengetahui keberadaan eksistensi politik dalam Islam dan kemungkinan penerapan politik Islam di Negara Indonesia perspektif Maqâshid al-syarî’ah.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yang menggunakan metode deduktif dan deskriptif. Teknik analisis referensi yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis isi, pendekatan usul fikih serta pendekatan historis.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: pertama, politik dalam Islam atau lebih dikenal dengan nama siyasah telah ada dan berkembang sejak awal Islam dan terus berkembang hingga sekarang. Kedua, penerapan politik Islam di Indonesia secara nilai dan prinsip telah ada dalam dasar-dasar Negara Indonesia walaupun tidak sepenuhnya bisa diterapkan, karena kemajemukan yang dimiliki oleh Bangsa Indonesia baik dari segi agama maupun budaya. Hal ini disebabkan karena hifz ummah sebagai gagasan perkembangan dari Maqâshid al-syarî’ah dipandang lebih utama untuk menjaga keutuhan dan kesatuan negara republik Indonesia.
AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARASI LEMBAGA AMIL ZAKAT (STUDI TERHADAP RUMAH PEDULI NURUL FIKRI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA)
Authors: Alfi Mohamad
Published: October 2018

Lembaga Amil Zakat, Rumah Peduli Nurul Fikri Palangka Raya, merupakan salah satu perwujudan lembaga berbasis Undang-Undang tentang Pengelolaan Zakat, didirikan oleh masyarakat sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi kemiskinan dan memfasilitasi para muzakki dalam menyalurkan zakat. Rumah Peduli Nurul Fikri adalah bentuk konkret dari sebuah organisasi dengan konsep modern yang disajikan di kota Palangka Raya dengan menekankan prinsip akuntabilitas dan transparansi dalam mengumpulkan dan mendistribusikan zakat, seperti dalam Pasal 17 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2011 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat untuk mewujudkan tujuan utama zakat sebagai upaya untuk kemakmuran umat Islam. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan lembaga amil zakat Rumah Peduli Nurul Fikri di Palangka Raya dan bagaimana transparansi dalam pengelolaan lembaga amil zakat Rumah Peduli Nurul Fikri di Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan penelitian hukum sosiologis empiris selama data yang diperoleh dalam observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah akuntabilitas lembaga amil zakat Rumah Peduli Nurul Fikri yang dicirikan oleh badan hukum dan juga memenuhi prinsip akuntabilitas pengelolaan zakat, yaitu berdasarkan syariat Islam, kepercayaan, manfaat, keadilan, kepastian hukum, integritas, dan bertanggung jawab. Ini adalah pemenuhan kepatuhan hukum sebagaimana Pasal 2 Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat. Transparansi lembaga amil zakat Rumah Peduli Nurul Fikri Kota Palangka Raya terlihat dalam mengelola dana zakat melalui pengungkapan informasi dan pelaporan keuangan kepada lembaga-lembaga berwenang yang berpartisipasi dalam pengelolaan pengelolaan zakat. Transparansi di lembaga amil zakat Rumah Peduli Nurul Fikri terbuka dalam pengelolaan zakat melalui proses pelaksanaan kegiatan dan informasi yang dapat diaksesoleh publik
USING NEURAL NETWORKS FOR SOLVING GAME TASKS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PROBLEM OF SEARCHING THE WAY IN THE LABYRINTH
Authors: Voevoda Alexander Aleksandrovich , Romannikov Dmitry Olegovich
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the solution of game problems by the example of finding a path in a labyrinth with the help of a neural network. Such a task can be solved by one of the existing methods of training with confirmation, but the solutions have several drawbacks, which include, for example, a long learning time for the "classical" training method with confirmation. Analysis of these algorithms is presented, including a training method with confirmation based on Monte Carlo search method in the game tree. There has been described a variant of setting the initial problem, in which the input consisting of only one value - the sign indicating that the previous step was successful or deadlock - is delivered to the neural network, instead of the entire field of the labyrinth. A variant of solving the problem is posed by the synthesis of a neural network based on a preliminary synthesized algorithm. A neural network obtained is constructed from an informal description of the algorithm; it allows searching for a path in the labyrinth. The main idea used in the formation of a neural network is that the detected or explored path is marked in the neural network by the weights of the units, the dead-end path - by the negative weights, and the unexplored path - by the zero weights. When a robot occurs in a dead end, the process of finding the path is restarted from the initial state, and the dead end state is marked in the labyrinth as unattainable. Several stages of the path search process in the labyrinth illustrating the operation of the synthesized neural network are presented. There has been given a comparative analysis of the solution obtained and of the existing methods of training with confirmation.
THE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN AGILE REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING BASED ON OWL ONTOLOGY
Authors: Murtazina Marina Shamil'evna
Published: October 2018

The article proposes the approach to intellectual decision support in the field of software requirements engineering based on OWL-ontology. The approach presented takes into account the specifics of requirements engineering for agile project management. The architecture of the developed decision support system consists of a user interface, a Python application including the reasoner, the OWL ontology and the file database. OWL ontology accumulates knowledge about the criteria for assessing the quality of requirements. The ontology enables accumulating in the form of instances of class’s information about the software product requirements, requirements artefacts, and requirements sources. The ontology includes the axioms of descriptor logic, enabling to perform reasoning about the requirements, to identify the implicit relations between the requirements. The ontology includes the knowledge that is necessary to analyze the correspondence of user stories and behavior scenarios to the criteria for evaluating their syntactic quality, to determine the priority and risk level of user stories. Also, the ontology enables bottom-up or top-down tracing of requirements and assessing the completeness of individual requirements. Application of the developed system ensures to lessen the wrong decisions number with management of requirements to the software.
NETWORK MODELS OF MALWEAR PROLIFERATION PROCESSES
Authors: Popov Georgiy Aleksandrovich , Popova Ekaterina Aleksandrovna , Popova Marina Georgievna
Published: October 2018

The paper deals with the analysis of possible ways of spreading malware on the basis of weighted graphs, where the graph describes the relationship between different programs, and the weight shows the probability of transition malware from one software system to another. The task is to identify the most likely routes of malicious programs distribution and to find the most likely ways of their penetration into a given software product. The method of dynamic programming is proposed to solve the problem. The procedure of solving the problem has been demonstrated on a particular example. The results of calculations helped to determine the most probable route of penetration and to estimate the probability of successful attack of malicious programs on the required software product. Graph theory methods also allowed to estimate a number of other numerical characteristics related to the process of the malicious programs distribution, which include the minimum number of clock cycles of the system (after the implementation of this characteristic it becomes possible for a malicious program to penetrate the specified software product); the number of clock cycles of the system (when probability of penetration of the malware into a specific file will be greater than the specified value). Besides, the method helps identify cyclical routes of malware distribution, which characterizes repeated attempts of malware to impact on the software product, find the most likely sources of distribution, detect the files, through which penetration into given software product is possible.
Diseño y representación. Debates históricos y desafíos del presente
Authors: Passarella Luciano
Published: October 2018

La representación se encuentra en la fase de prefiguracióndel proyecto de diseño, pero no solo como mímesis de algoque está en otra parte, sino de algo que todavía no es. Esto,además de un problema formal, es fundamentalmenteideológico y el diseño, a la vez que genera representaciones,se vale de las mismas para sus proyectos. En este sentido,resulta clave revisar algunos de los debates históricos que,durante la conformación de la disciplina, han involucradoa la problemática y cómo se replantean en la actualidad.Finalmente, se propone reflexionar sobre la función de laformación histórica en el abordaje de los actuales desafíosde la práctica profesional.
El ojo de Dios, también conocido como Google Maps
Authors: Olier Lázaro
Published: October 2018

En Los condenados de la pantalla (2014), Hito Steyerl realizaun análisis de las imágenes que pueden dar cuenta de losposibles paradigmas actuales y de la función del arte,caracterizados por la revolución digital, el flujo masivo deimágenes y la hipermediatización de la sociedad. Estasimágenes trazan un mapa de la sensibilidad emergente,que se despliega en un mundo que ha perdido un horizonteestable, donde la perspectiva del ojo de Dios ha sidoreemplazado por drones y por Google Maps, y donde lafábrica se ha expandido a todas las actividades, dejándonossin una puerta de salida.
El arte como posibilidad de representar el horror. Obras contramonumentales de la memoria traumática
Authors: Núñez María Paula
Published: October 2018

En este trabajo se analizará la fotografía artística en suspotencialidades para representar la memoria traumáticade las víctimas de la dictadura cívico-militar en la Argentina(1976-1983). Se tomarán como casos tres ensayosfotográficos de artistas contemporáneos: Huellas dedesapariciones, de Helen Zout; Buena memoria, de MarceloBrodsky y Arqueología de la ausencia, de Lucila Quieto. Seestudiará el modo en que sus obras, desde procedimientosformales y conceptuales, dan lugar a reflexiones posiblescon respecto a la memoria del pasado traumático a partir delconcepto de contramonumento.
Imaginarios visuales en torno a lo femenino
Authors: Lezcano Johanna
Published: October 2018

A fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX, la Argentina vivió unproceso en donde las figuras de poder de todos los camposbuscaron ubicarla como potencia mundial. En el planocultural, se sentaron las bases del arte nacional. En estecontexto determinadas obras de desnudo fueron visibilizadasy pasaron a la historia. Otras, apenas mencionadas, no hansido analizadas hasta el hoy. Mediante el análisis de los planospúblicos y privados, dentro y fuera del campo artístico, seobtendrá una aproximación de los imaginarios visuales de laépoca.
Diseño e historia. Reflexiones sobre la formación profesional
Authors: Passarella Luciano
Published: October 2018

El surgimiento de nuevos enfoques sobre la historia del diseño en los últimosveinte años requiere repensar aspectos de su enseñanza, algunos de los cualesimplican reflexiones historiográficas. Para tal fin, se exploran los criterios parala periodización histórica y para la jerarquización de los temas consideradosrelevantes para el estudio de la materia, así como la bibliografía más difundida,en la que podemos detectar posturas que han dado formato a los abordajes másfrecuentes de la historia del diseño, y publicaciones más recientes que abrennuevas perspectivas de estudio. A partir de esta exploración, se concluye con unanálisis de los aspectos que jerarquizan la función que desempeñan las materiashistórico-sociales en la formación profesional de los diseñadores.
¿Qué puede una historia del arte cuir?
Authors: Poggio Catalina
Published: October 2018

Fantasear una historia del arte hereje, blasfema. Una historia sacrílega,iconoclasta, que pervierta la intocable madona con el niño, la niña, la madrey la señora, siempre virgen, santa, sumisa, entregada, sometida. Desear unahistoria del arte sucia, pornográfica, degenerada, que desborde, deforme,travista las ficciones somáticas administradas por la escritura cis, heterosexualde la blancura académica. Ansiar una historia del arte hacker, cyborg, protésica,que desmonte la relación histérica y carnal entre imagen y poder. Pulsar unaescritura de la historia del arte cuir como resistencia a la normalización, contra eldogmatismo del lenguaje académico.
Movimientos peligrosos. Aby Warburg, entre el cine y el viaje
Authors: Ruvituso Federico Luis
Published: October 2018

En esta reseña se sugiere una lectura en clave historiográfica del libro Aby Warburgy la imagen en movimiento (2017), de Philippe-Alain Michaud. La edicióncastellana de este profético trabajo ofrece una interpretación polémica de laobra warburguiana. Tomando como punto de partida una original filiación entrelos inicios de la iconología y las primeras experiencias cinematográficas,Michaud señala cómo las investigaciones warburguianas desembocaron enuna teoría sobre el movimiento como forma de investigación. Esta reseña siguelos pasos de tal hipótesis y ofrece una adenda crítica acerca de la función quetuvo, en la obra de Warburg, ese peculiar viaje que intentó poner en movimientoa la historia del arte decimonónica.
La imagen modelada. Conversación con Antonio Pujía
Authors: Longoni Juan , Segovia Natacha
Published: October 2018

La conversación con Antonio Pujía nos permitió apreciar la importancia que elartista ha dado al conocimiento técnico de la fundición a la cera, primero, plasmadaen su proyecto de una Cooperativa de Técnicas de la Escultura y, luego, através de su curso de modelado en cera (que aún hoy dicta). Al mismo tiempo,hemos revisitado, a través de su relato, una parte importante de su vida y desu carrera artística.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Tipe Group Investigation Berbantuan Media Gambar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa-Siswi Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Soe
Authors: Takaeb Matheos J , Mone Ferdinandus
Published: October 2018

Proses pembelajaran di SMP Negeri 3 Soe, masih menerapkan pembelajaran yang bersifat teacher center, serta kurangnya fasilitas belajar IPA. Hasil 75% siswa belum mencapai KKM (kriteria ketuntasan minimum), maka dari itu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) berbantuan media gambar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel kelas VIII1 sebagai kelas kontrol, dan kelas VIII2 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Sebelum diberikan model GI pada kelas eksperimen dilakukan uji kesamaan rata-rata untuk mengetahui kemampuan awal kedua sampel tersebut. Hasil kesamaan uji rata-rata berdasarkan analisis SPSS, menggunakan independen sample t-test menunjukan nilai signifikan 0,45>0.05 dan uji homogenitas menunjukan bahwa 0,847>0.05 yang berarti sebaran data antara dua kelompok sampel sama secara statistik. Dengan demikian, kedua kelas tersebut dapat dilaksanakan penelitian dengan penerapan model GI pada kelas eksperimen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah one sample t-test untuk mengetahui ketuntasan belajar siswa. Independen sample t-test untuk mengetahui rata-rata prestasi siswa pada kelas eksperimen apabila dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Paired sample t-test untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa setelah diberikan model GI. Uji regresi untuk mengetahui pengaruh model GI terhadap peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil uji ketuntasan menunjukan nilai t-hitung 14.877> t tabel 1.76131. diketahui juga, bahwa uji ketuntasan individual menunjukan nilai sig 0.000<0.005 sehingga hipotesis diterima. Artinya rata-rata prestasi siswa melampaui KKM yang ditetapkan yaitu 70. Hasil uji peningkatan  rata-rata prestasi kelas eksperimen menunjukan Nilai sig < 0,05 sehingga ada perbedaan antara kelas control dan kelas eksperimen yakni (52,58) dan sesudah perlakuan (86,55).
Development and Implementation of Tennessee Nonresidential Buprenorphine Treatment Guidelines
Authors: Schlesinger Erica , Geminn Wesley , Hohmeier Kenneth C , Burley Jr. Howard L
Published: October 2018

Objective: To describe the recent legislation in Tennessee and subsequent development and implementation of state-wide buprenorphine treatment guidelines.

Practice Innovation: In 2016, Tennessee began licensing office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) clinics. Due to initial licensing criteria, not all providers were required to be licensed with the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (TDMHSAS). The gap in licensing made it difficult to ensure an appropriate standard of care was being met by all addiction treatment providers. Therefore, the state developed legislation that allowed for the creation of best practice guidelines to encompass all providers of buprenorphine in the state of Tennessee, not just the licensed OBOT clinics. The guidelines define what the standard of care should entail while treating this vulnerable addiction population.

Results: Tennessee legislation granted the formation of a committee to create the Tennessee Nonresidential Buprenorphine Treatment Guidelines. The committee was comprised of physicians, pharmacists, lawyers, law enforcement, and state officials. The finalized guidelines were published and effective January 1, 2018, and adopted as policy by the boards of medical examiners, osteopathic examination, and pharmacy shortly thereafter. The guidelines are now enforceable by the boards and give them the ability to discipline physicians who practice outside the standard of care.

Conclusion: Tennessee legislation provides a model for other states to take action in combating this opioid crisis by not only increasing access to addiction treatment, but increasing access to quality care.

 

Article Type: Commentary
Canadian Music and American Culture: Get Away From Me – edited by Tristanne Connolly and Tomoyuki Iino (Book Review)
Authors: Rogers Allyson
Published: October 2018

[no abstract]
Schubert’s Mature Instrumental Music: A Theorist’s Perspective – by David Beach (Book Review)
Authors: Black Brian
Published: October 2018

[no abstract]
Molecular Level Understanding of the Free Energy Landscape in Early Stages of MOF Nucleation
Authors: Kollias Loukas , Cantu David C. , Tubbs Marcus A. , Rousseau Roger , Glezakou Vassiliki-Alexandra , Salvalaglio Matteo
Published: October 2018

The assembly mechanism of hierarchical materials controlled by the choice of solvent and presence of spectator ions. In this paper, we use enhanced sampling molecular dynamics methods to investigate these effects on the configurational landscape of metal-linker interactions in the early stages of synthesis, using MIL-101(Cr) as a prototypical example. Microsecond-long well-tempered metadynamics (WTmetaD) simulations uncover a complex free energy structural landscape, with distinct crystal (C) and non-crystal (NC) like configurations and their equilibrium population. In presence of ions (Na+, F-), we observe a complex effect on the crystallinity of secondary building units (SBUs), by encouraging/suppressing salt bridges between C configurations and consequently controlling the percentage of defects. Solvent effects are assessed by introducing N, N dimethyl formamide (DMF) instead of water, where SBU adducts are appreciably more stable and compact. These results shed light on how solvent and ionic strength impact the free energy of assembly phenomena that ultimately control materials synthesis and defect formation.
Superinfection of hepatitis E as a factor in the development of acute hepatic encephalopathy on the background of HBV-cirrhosis of the liver
Authors: Baramzina S V , Lyubeznova O N , Bondarenko A L , Protasov A V
Published: October 2018

The article presents an analysis of the clinical case of superinfection of autochthonous acute hepatitis E against the background of HBV-cirrhosis of the liver. HEV infection was diagnosed in a 39 year old man who did not travel outside the region and the country for a long time and used unboiled water. The peculiarity of the disease in the non-endemic region was: a severe course of hepatitis E against the background of HBV etiology, with the development of the clinic for acute hepatic insufficiency and encephalopathy, the presence of severe cytolysis syndrome, cholestasis, hepatic-cell insufficiency and prolonged convalescence. Timely treatment of the patient for medical aid and intensive pathogenetic therapy of hepatit-E superinfection with compensated HBV-cirrhosis allowed to save the patient's life. However, the prognosis for the patient's later life is unfavorable, due to submissive liver necrosis and the risk of rapid decompensation of cirrhosis. When deciphering undifferentiated in Russia acute hepatitis in persons with cirrhosis of another etiology (viral, alcoholic, medicinal), it is necessary to include the definition of HEVRNA and HEV IgM and G. in the survey design.
Important problems in the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis (based on the Russian consensus 2017)
Authors: Vinnitskaya E V , Sandler Yu G , Bakulin I G , Parfenov A I , Ilchenko L Yu , Nikitin I G , Bueverov A O , Lopatkina T N , Ignatova T M , Syutkin V Ye , Raikhelson K L , Khomeriki S G , Gudkova R B
Published: October 2018

The analysis of publications devoted to the Russian Consensus on the Diagnostic and Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH), which was considered at the 43rd annual Scientific Session of the CNIIG From Traditions to Innovation (March 4, 2017) is carried out. The presence of clear algorithms and recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of AIH significantly help the doctor in real clinical practice, but do not exclude a personified approach to the patient.
Features of the functional activity of macrophage link of immunity with gastroesophageal reflux disease depending on the type of reluctate: in vitro model
Authors: Lyamina S V , Maev I V , Kalish S V , Andreev D N , Kladovikova O V , Malyshev I Yu
Published: October 2018

Aim. A generalized analysis of changes in functional activity of macrophages on the basis of phagocytic activity, cytokine profile, changes in the level of expression of surface markers characteristic of pro - or anti-inflammatory phenotype of the cells when exposed to reluctate. Materials and methods. Developed in vitro model of co-peritoneal macrophages of mice With57/BL6 (n=65) and reluctate patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD; n=65) having different pH values (three group comparison). Took into account the standard criteria phagocytic ability (absorption Staphylococcus aureus 9198, light microscopy), secretory activity (cytokine profile Th1/Th2, flow cytometry) and receptor characterization of macrophages (expression of CD25/80/163/206, flow cytometry). Results. The phagocytic activity of macrophages, calculated on the basis of the average number of bacteria ingested by one phagocyte, is not associated with the pH value of the added reluctate. It is established that the alkalinisation of reluctate leads to significant alteration in the expression of CD receptors - decrease M1 and increase M2. The index of total production of Th1/Тһ2 in groups progressively decreased with increasing pH of reluctate and amounted to 3.6 units in the group pH from 4.6 to 6.6; 2.8 units group a pH of 6.7-7.2 and 1.6 units in the group pH of 7.3 to 8.1, due to increased production of Th2 cytokines at offset reluctate pH to slightly alkaline side. The data obtained indicate the increase of expression and secretion of anti-inflammatory markers at an alkaline pH shift of reluctate. Analysis of the studied characteristics of the activity profile of macrophages in the proposed in vitro model justifies the need for considering the peculiarities of the functional activity of macrophages under the influence of reluctate different nature. The special importance of studying the cytokine profile and characteristics of the functional activity of macrophages in patients with GERD, given the nature of reluctate.
Familial adenomatosis of the colon: current state of the problem
Authors: Kit O I , Gevorkyan Yu A , Soldatkina N V , Haragezov D A , Efimova I Yu , Poluektov S I , Kaymakchi D O
Published: October 2018

The urgency of the problem of familial adenomatosis of the colon (FAC) is caused both by the severity of the disease with the inevitable development of cancer without timely treatment, and the involvement of the patient's blood relatives in this problem. Due to the rare incidence of this disease, many issues require discussion. Aim. To determine the possibility of timely treatment of FAC patients maintaining a satisfactory quality of life. Materials and methods. The data on 5 FAC patients and 12 their blood relatives were studied. Clinical, endoscopic and genetic characteristics of the disease and treatment were analyzed. Results. demonstrated that family history, genetic and endoscopic examinations allow diagnosis of FAC. Colectomy with rectal resection and the creation of a small intestine reservoir with reservoir-rectal anastomosis provide a sufficient quality of life for patients. Examination of the patient's blood relatives reveals new patients requiring additional examination and treatment. Conclusion. The problem of FAC is multidisciplinary and involves therapists, gastroenterologists, pediatricians, geneticists, endoscopists, radiologists, surgeons and oncologists. Only a timely diagnosis can help the patient to undergo radical treatment before the development of colon cancer.
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy: current clinical and pathogenetic aspects
Authors: Damulin I V
Published: October 2018

The review considers modern ideas about the clinic and pathogenesis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). It is discussed the present of cognitive impairment in this category of patients. The data of functional MRI are analyzed, and these results allow taking a fresh look at the origin of clinical disorders in this condition. The importance of cerebral connections disruption is emphasized. It is focused on the fact that in the functioning of the central nervous system the spontaneous activity of the brain has a significant importance. Separately is analyzed “the resting state”. It is concluded that MHE, despite its minimal manifestations, is a clinically significant condition requiring attention of a specialists. With that, it is often not diagnosed on time in clinical practice, which could lead to more severe damage of the cerebral functions. As evidenced by the data obtained at the present time, quite extensive changes in the neuronal activity are underlid of the cognitive deficit.
Clinical observation pseudoobstruction syndrome of the stomach's output part and small intestine of a patient with systematic lupus erythematosis
Authors: Gilyarov M Yu , Shostak N A , Kotova D P , Schekochikhin D Yu , Kasha Yu O
Published: October 2018

Stomach's output part and small intestine, combining with damaging of the urinary tract is a rare systemic lupus eritematosus (SLE) manifestation. The patient is 32 years old, suffering from SLE with damaged join, blood system, secondary antiphospholipid syndrome with pulmonary embolism in the history and formation of high postembolic pulmonary hypertension on therapy with hydroxychloroquine and low doses of corticosteroids, was hospitalized because of persistent nausea, vomiting, loss of more than 10 kg body weight 1.5 months. The research have shown the obstruction's formation of the stomach's output part, small bowel obstruction at several levels, as well as thickening of the bladder wall and the unilateral expansion of the ureter. Against the backdrop of strengthening of immunosuppressive therapy these lesions completely regressed.
Aldo van Eyck and Louis I. Kahn: Parallels in the Other Tradition of Modern Architecture
Authors: McCarter Robert
Published: October 2018

In September 1959, at the invitation of Alison and Peter Smithson, the American architect Louis I. Kahn (1901-1974) attended the 11th and last Congrés Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne (CIAM) conference held at Henry van de Velde’s Kroller-Muller Museum in Otterlo, the Netherlands. There he met the Dutch architect Aldo van Eyck (1918-1999), founding member of Team 10, the successor of CIAM that emerged at the end of this conference. The paths of these two architects – the Second-Generation modernist Kahn, then 58 years old, and the Third-Generation modernist Van Eyck, then 40 years old – parallel in so astonishingly many ways, crossed here for the first time, deeply affecting them both at a time of critical transition in their respective practices and thought.
Review of Medicalizing Blackness: Making Racial Difference in the Atlantic World, 1780-1840 by Rana A. Hogart (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2017)
Authors: Carmody Todd
Published: October 2018

n/a
Contested Sonic Space: Settler Territoriality and Sonographic Visualization at Celilo Falls
Authors: Wesner Ashton Bree
Published: October 2018

In this article, I argue that “seeing with sound" is a fraught political process with the potential to both obfuscate and assist Indigenous claims to land. I do so by analyzing the Portland District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ 2007 sonar images of Celilo Falls on the Columbia River. I take up feminist materialist analytics developed by Native American and Indigenous Studies scholarship on cartography and refusal, and place them in conversation with the sonic geographies of Columbia River Indigenous writers. Namely, I use Elizabeth Woody’s poem Waterways Endeavor to Translate Silence from Currents (1994) to investigate how overlapping and conflicting deployments of sonic imaging play a major cultural, political, and material role in the (re)mapping of Celilo Falls. First, I present a theoretical framework that considers the role of what I call sonic knowledges in unsettling colonial visual cartographies. I use archival Army Corps’ maps and critical sonar studies literature to show how the Army Crops’ 2007 riverbed sonograms emerge from a longer context of US settler practices of enclosing land with maps and surveying water with sound. I then turn to a close reading of newspaper articles and state legislation to analyze how the sonograms take on a present political life in ways that repackage ocularcentrism and assuage settler guilt, thus authorizing ongoing US enclosure of Indigenous lands. Yet, I also bring to bear Indigenous sonic knowledges that position imaging processes as potentially antithetical to addressing questions of access to land and self-determination. Through examining newspaper interviews, public testimonies, and Elizabeth Woody’s poem, I elucidate deployments of sonic knowledge that can help us think about what anti-colonial (re)mapping practices demand of contemporary cartographic imaging processes. Attending to sonic knowledges under conditions of settler-ocularcentrism, I suggest, might assist anti-colonial feminist science studies engagements with processes of imag(in)ing Indigenous space.
ÁREAS DE RESPUESTA HOMOGÉNEA PARA EL MUESTREO DE COMBUSTIBLES FORESTALES
Authors: Velasco Herrera José Armando , Flores Garnica José Germán , Márquez Azúa Bertha , López Sergio
Published: October 2018

Los combustibles forestales muertos son evaluados in situ; por tanto, se requieren sitios de muestreo ubicados, generalmente, de manera sistemática y con intensidad de muestreo entre 1 y 3% con respecto al área total. Aunque esto significa una gran inversión de recursos económicos, humanos y de tiempo, las precisiones obtenidas son bajas. Por ello, se propone una alternativa que identifica zonas con características similares, denominadas áreas de respuesta homogénea (ARH), las cuales sirven de fundamento para la estructuración de un diseño de muestreo estratificado con una tendencia a reducir la varianza dentro de cada ARH, a fin de aumentar la precisión de las estimaciones. En la Reserva de la Biosfera Selva El Ocote, Chiapas, se definieron 19 ARH con base en diez tipos de vegetación: agricultura de temporal con cultivos anuales, bosque de encino, pastizal cultivado, pastizal inducido, sabana, selva alta y mediana perennifolia, selva alta y mediana perennifolia con vegetación secundaria arbustiva y herbácea, selva alta y mediana subperennifolia con vegetación secundaria arbustiva y herbácea, selva baja caducifolia y selva baja subcaducifolia; además se consideraron tres intervalos de altitud: 180 - 633 m, 634 - 1086 m y 1 087 - 1540 m. Cada ARH estuvo conformada por varios polígonos. El ARH con mayor extensión correspondió a la condición de selva alta y mediana perennifolia localizada entre los 634 y 1086 m, y ocupó 38 808 ha; mientras que la menor perteneció a una condición de sabana entre 180 y 633 m, con 3.4 ha.
ESCENARIOS DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN POTENCIAL DE Pinus patula Schltdl. et Cham. Y Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. CON MODELOS DE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO EN EL ESTADO DE MÉXICO
Authors: Pérez Miranda Ramiro , Moreno Sánchez Francisco , González Hernández Antonio , Arreola Padilla Víctor
Published: October 2018

Las repercusiones del cambio climático (CC) en el desarrollo de la flora modificarán la distribución espacial de los ecosistemas forestales. Algunas especies migrarán hacia mayores altitudes y a otras latitudes, por lo que desaparecerán total o parcialmente de su área original. El objetivo del estudio que se describe consistió en comparar la distribución potencial actual de Pinus patula y de Pinus pseudostrobus bajo escenarios de CC con modelos de circulación general (MCG) de la atmósfera y con Ensamble regional (Er) de MCG. Para 2030, el área de P. patula con escenarios de CC A2 calculada mediante GFDL 2.0 tuvo 10 705 ha más de superficie de aptitud alta que HADGEM, mientras que el Er de MCG fue mayor, con 84 926 ha que GFDL. Respecto a 2050, esta aptitud con GFDL 2.0 registró mayor territorio que HADGEM, con 20 482 ha; el Er de MCG fue más alto con 62 954 ha que GFDL 2.0. Para 2030, el GFDL 2.0 de P. pseudostrobus determinó siete hectáreas más de aptitud alta que HADGEM; por el contrario, el Er de MCG fue superior, con 86 555 ha que GFDL 2.0. Para 2050, mediante este último, la cifra es más grande que con HADGEM, por 264 ha; el Er de MCG resultó con 84 457 ha que a través de GFDL 2.0. La distribución potencial de los dos taxa en el Estado de México con escenarios de CC tiende a reducir su superficie. Los escenarios de Ensamble de MCG permiten generar resultados aplicados con más detalle que los MCG.
DEPREDACIÓN DE LAS SEMILLAS DE Abies religiosa (Kunth) Schltdl. et Cham.
Authors: Nieto de Pascual Pola Cecilia
Published: October 2018

La depredación en los bosques de coníferas es trascendente como proceso sustancial de su conservación, ya que su intensidad y las partes utilizadas definen cambios estructurales en los ecosistemas. El consumo de semillas, en particular, implica una fuerza de selección en virtud de que supone pérdida de germoplasma, por un lado, y, por otro, una nueva distribución del mismo. Con el propósito de conocer el efecto del forrajeo de semillas de oyamel sobre el potencial reproductivo de la especie, se llevó a cabo un experimento en la Estación Experimental Forestal Zoquiapan, en el Estado de México; se trabajó bajo dos condiciones de apertura de dosel (abierto y cerrado), se aplicaron tres tratamientos y dos repeticiones que consistieron en trampas construidas ex professo para determinar la intervención de roedores, aves y roedores-aves en conjunto. Dentro de cada una se colocaron 100 semillas, dispuestas en 10 grupos de 10 en un arreglo regular. Se hizo una evaluación semanal, durante la cual se contabilizaron las remanentes y se repuso el material perdido. Los resultados indican que la pérdida más alta de este material se registró en el bosque abierto en las trampas correspondientes a la interacción aves y roedores, y la más baja en las específicas para estos últimos, donde la supervivencia fue de 80%, pero sin diferencias significativas entre esta tasa y la correspondiente a las aves. Se concluye que la depredación de las semillas no parece ser un factor de riesgo para la conservación de Abies religiosa.
Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Melalui Pembelajaran Student Team dengan Materi Peluang Siswa Kelas IX A MTsN 9 Ngawi Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018
Authors: Mujiono Mujiono
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan model pembelajaran student team dalam meningkatan pretasi belajar matematika pada materi peluang pada siswa kelas XI A MTsN 9 Ngawi semester genap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.; dan  (2) Mendesripsikan upaya guru dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi peluang siswa kelas XI A MTs Negeri 9 Ngawi semester genap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (action research) karena penelitian dilakukan untuk memecahkan masalah pembelajaran di kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI-A MTsN 9 Ngawi. Prosedur penelitian dengan melakukan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran tuntas memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar peserta didik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari pemahaman peserta didik terhadap model pembelajaran student team dalam materi peluang,  yang menunjukkan pada siklus I adalah 21.87%, pada siklus II meningkat 81.25%. Pada siklus ke II inilah ketuntasan belajar peserta didik telah tercapai. (1) Melalui model pembelajaran student team dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi pembelajaran peluang di kelas IX-A MTsN 9 Ngawi semester genap tahun pelajaran2017/2018. (2) Upaya dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi peluang melalui model pembelajaran student team di kelas XI-A MTsN 9 Ngawi  semester genap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018, guru  melaksanakan langkah-langkah model pembelajaran secara sistematis.
Entomological Investigation of Aedes aegypti In Neighborhoods With Confirmed Human Arbovirus Infection In Puerto Rico
Authors: Felix Gilberto E. , Barrera Roberto , Vazquez Jesus , Ryff Kyle R. , Munoz-Jordan Jorge L. , Matias Katia Y. , Hemme Ryan R.
Published: October 2018

The exotic arboviruses chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) recently caused large outbreaks and continue to circulate in Puerto Rico, prompting entomological investigations at 9 locations with confirmed CHIKV- or ZIKV-infected human cases. Adult mosquitoes were collected using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention autocidal gravid ovitraps over a 14-day period at each site. Mean female Aedes aegypti captured per trap-week ranged from 13.47 per trap-week to 1.27 per trap-week. Arbovirus-positive pools were detected at 7 of the 9 sampling sites. We investigated vertical transmission by collecting Ae. aegypti eggs in a single location where ZIKV was found in adult mosquitoes. We discuss the relationship between vector density and infection rates and its implications for determining mosquito density thresholds of novel invasive arboviruses such as CHIKV and ZIKV.
Influence of Climatic Factors On Psorophora (Janthinosoma) Albigenu In Pantanal Landscape, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Authors: Alencar Jeronimo , Pacheco Juliana Barreto , dos Santos Silva Júlia , Silva Shayenne Olsson Freitas , Guimarães Anthony Érico
Published: October 2018

In order to assess the influence of climatic variations in temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall upon the population density of Psorophora albigenu (Peryassú, 1908) in its natural habitat, samplings were carried out at different times of the year in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Mosquitoes were captured with the use of suction tubes and Shannon traps during 2 different periods of the day and 1 at night. A total of 2,637 Ps. albigenu specimens were captured, including 497 (18.8%) in March 2009, 1,240 (47.0%) in January 2010, and 484 (18.4%) in January 2011. These months represented 84.2% of this species occurrence during the collection period. November was the month of the lowest occurrence of the species, with only 10 (0.4%) specimens collected in 2009 and 8 (0.3%) specimens in 2010. The climatological variable that presented a linear correlation coefficient within the 95% confidence interval was rainfall, with a linear correlation indicator of 0.793, above the relevance factor of 0.708, showing a relationship between the frequency of Ps. albigenu and rainfall of the region.
ВОСТОЧНОЕ ПРИГРАНИЧЬЕ РОССИИ: АЛЬТЕРНАТИВЫ СЕЛЬСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ
Authors: Калугина З. И. , Фадеева О. П.
Published: October 2018

В статье рассматриваются возможности социально-экономического развития восточных приграничных регионов России за счет вовлечения в хозяйственный оборот неиспользуемых земель сельхозназначения. На примере отдельных регионов анализируются возможности и ограничения экономической и социально-культурной интеграции с соседними странами. В качестве одного из главных драйверов развития села предлагается использовать уже существующие точки активности местного, в том числе неформального предпринимательства. Рассмотрены контуры государственной политики, которая бы помогла создать благоприятный бизнес-климат в приграничных территориях, а также способствовать их интеграции с другими регионами России и приграничными районами сопредельных стран.
ТРАНССИБ И БАМ: СИСТЕМНЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ПРОБЛЕМУ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ
Authors: Кибалов Е. Б. , Быкадоров С. А.
Published: October 2018

В статье комплексно анализируется проблема конкурентоспособности системы БАМ - Транссиб в ситуации мировой нестабильности. Обсуждаются альтернативные варианты исторического и Нового Шелкового пути и его северного расширения за счет прохождения железнодорожных маршрутов по территории России. Формулируются теоретические и практические аргументы в пользу выбора стратегии кооперирования с китайскими железными дорогами для повышения конкурентоспособности системы БАМ - Транссиб.
МОСТ МЕЖДУ МИКРОЭКОНОМИКОЙ И МАКРОЭКОНОМИКОЙ (О НОБЕЛЕВСКОЙ ПРЕМИИ ПО ЭКОНОМИКЕ 2015 Г.)
Authors: Воронов Ю. П.
Published: October 2018

В статье описаны результаты исследований профессора Ангуса Дитона, послужившие основанием для присуждения ему Нобелевской премии по экономике. Особое внимание уделено проблемам восстановления связи между микроэкономикой и макроэкономикой. Затронуты также вопросы самооценки благополучия и иностранной помощи.
КОАЛИЦИОННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ: ОТ РЕСПУБЛИК СССР К РЕГИОНАМ РОССИИ
Authors: Ершов Ю. С. , Ибрагимов Н. М. , Мельникова Л. В.
Published: October 2018

В статье представлены возможности метода коалиционного анализа в исследовании межрегионального товарообмена. Дан экскурс в историю общественной дискуссии о справедливости межреспубликанских отношений в СССР и расчетов ИЭОПП СО РАН по измерению вкладов каждой из республик в общий результат. Впервые приводятся результаты расчетов измерения эффектов взаимодействия макрорегионов России в динамике, за период 2000-2013 гг.; показаны усиление взаимозависимости федеральных округов в названном периоде, а также возможности адаптации регионов (коалиций регионов) к разрыву тех или иных межрегиональных связей.
ТРЕНДЫ СТРАХОВОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ
Authors: Тесля П. Н.
Published: October 2018

В статье кратко анализируется современное состояние российской страховой медицины на фоне мировых тенденций. Показано, что страховая схема - далеко не единственный и не обязательно самый эффективный способ организации финансирования здравоохранения. Указаны некоторые болевые точки страховой медицины.
БЫЛОЕ И ДУМЫ. Ч. I. КАК В РОССИИ ИЩУТ ОТВЕТЫ НА ВЫЗОВЫ В СМУТНЫЕ ВРЕМЕНА
Authors: Клисторин В. И.
Published: October 2018

Рассмотрены экономические дискуссии в СССР в 1920-1980 гг., их тематика, основные позиции участников и результаты обсуждений. Показано, что в различные периоды уровень научных дискуссий и их влияние на развитие науки и экономической политики было неодинаковым. Особенно жаркие научные споры приходились на переломные периоды в экономической жизни страны, но их воздействие на выбор стратегии и институциональных реформ был минимальным. Экономические дискуссии в СССР всегда проходили в более или менее жестких идеологических рамках, хотя степень свободы научного творчества была разной. На уровне обсуждения сказывались ухудшение качества образования и деградация кадрового потенциала ученых-обществоведов. В то же время в отдельные периоды жизни страны наблюдалось восстановление качества экономических исследований.
БЫЛОЕ И ДУМЫ. Ч. II. ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ДИСКУССИИ ВРЕМЕН ПЕРЕСТРОЙКИ
Authors: Клисторин В. И.
Published: October 2018

Рассмотрены основные экономические дискуссии в СССР в периоды застоя (1970-1984 гг.) и перестройки (1985-1990 гг.). Показано, что предмет и тематика обсуждаемых научных и практических проблем диссонировали с реальными социально-экономическими процессами, происходящими в стране. Описаны некоторые причины этого явления. Предмет и методы ведения дискуссий, состав их участников резко поменялись в эпоху гласности. Позиции различных сторон кардинально разошлись. Но эти дискуссии послужили скорее дезориентации властей и общественности, нежели помогли поиску решения проблем реформирования экономики и общества.
КАК ОБЕСПЕЧИТЬ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ ПЕРЕВОЗОК ПО СЕВЕРНОМУ МОРСКОМУ ПУТИ
Authors: Му А. , Бригхэм Л.
Published: October 2018

Основу устойчивого функционирования Северного морского пути составляют большие ледоколы, которые обеспечивают доступ к различным регионам России через судоходную часть Арктики. Несколько атомных ледоколов, созданных еще в советское время, нуждаются в замене. До сих пор неясно, как будет использоваться ледокольный флот для повышения эффективности функционирования Севморпути. Также неясно, разрешат ли власти России независимую навигацию ледокольных коммерческих перевозчиков без эскорта караванов ледоколами.
ОДИН ПУТЬ - ОДИН ХОЗЯИН? НУЖЕН ЛИ ЕДИНЫЙ ОПЕРАТОР СЕВЕРНОГО МОРСКОГО ПУТИ
Authors: Крюков В. А.
Published: October 2018

В статье рассматриваются проблемы и следствия применения различных подходов к формированию системы управления (регулирования) функционированием трассы Северного морского пути. По мнению автора, при тех возможностях, которыми располагает государство, современной ситуации развития Арктики в наибольшей степени отвечает система управления, учитывающая особенности различных сегментов экономики. А именно: хозяйственные функции единого оператора допустимы только при реализации проектов с доминирующим участием государства. В остальных случаях они ограничиваются вопросами координации и согласования интересов всех сторон, участвующих в обеспечении функционирования пути (включая отправителей и получателей грузов).
ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СПАДА И АНТИРОССИЙСКИХ САНКЦИЙ НА РЕГИОНЫ РФ
Authors: Казанцев С. В.
Published: October 2018

В статье дается оценка потенциальной опасности негативных воздействий на экономику Российской Федерации и ее регионов таких факторов, как неблагоприятная геополитическая ситуация, ухудшающаяся конъюнктура мировых товарных рынков, санкции в отношении России и экономический спад внутри страны. Показано, что под влиянием этих и других причин социально-экономическое развитие части российских регионов замедлилось, экономическое положение - ухудшилось. Согласно расчетам, сила влияния экономического спада в России, ухудшения конъюнктуры на мировых товарных рынках и введенных против Российской Федерации финансово-экономических санкций на изменение совокупности анализируемых показателей в российских регионах прямо пропорциональна зависимости хозяйствующих субъектов от иностранного капитала, внешних источников финансирования и внешнеторгового оборота. Выявлены субъекты Федерации, наиболее и наименее зависимые от этих факторов.