bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Significance of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad results
Authors: Gulov A. P.
Published: October 2023

The Olympiad movement in domestic pedagogy is perceived simultaneously as a driver of the development of students’ creative abilities and an alternative system for assessing their educational results. The problem of our research is associated with the implementation of Olympiad practices, in particular, with the results of the regional stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren. The relevance of the study is due to the constantly increasing schoolchildren’s participation and popularity of Olympiads in different subjects. For example, in the 2022-23 academic year, more than 20 million cases of participation were recorded. There is no doubt that the Olympiad movement is important for the development of students’ creativity, however, schoolchildren tend to avoid intellectual competitions. Thus, the aim of the study is to examine additional external motivational factors that may improve the situation. As a theoretical framework of the study, the cultural approach was used along with the cultural theory of the education content. The main research methods are theoretical, including the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, regulatory documentation and tasks of the past years, categorization, induction and deduction. As a result, conclusions were made about the need to reform the Olympiad movement in the area of recognition of the significance of the regional stage results of the All-Russian Olympiad for Schoolchildren. We propose to take into account the effective participation in the Olympiads in the system of state final certification and equate the diploma of the winner and prize-winner of the regional stage with 85 and 75 points of the Unified State Exam, respectively. The article reveals prerequisites for such a reform, indicating a high level of competitions, with the transparency of the procedure for assessing and holding competitions under the direct control of the Ministry of Education. The theoretical significance of the study is refracted in the enrichment of pedagogical science in the field of the implementation of Subject Olympiads for Schoolchildren, its practical significance is the possibility of using the obtained results both to reform the procedure at the federal level and to recognize the significance of the regional stage results by universities when working with applicants.
Russian as a non-native and foreign language in modern higher education: methods, tutorials, individual learning strategies
Authors: Prokofyeva L. P. , Pavlova N. I. , Mikhaylova O. E.
Published: October 2023

The article highlights the methodological techniques and technologies that are relevant to the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language and allow teaching the language of a specialty from any level to the required one. The methodological basis of the Russian language, which has gained a foothold in the Russian Federation in the status of a native, second native, non-native, second, and foreign Russian language, motivates RFL teachers to develop and implement modern technological methods that make it possible to build the system of education for this contingent in a Russian university as efficiently as possible.

Elements of hybrid learning, actively implemented in universities of all profiles, make it possible to flexibly use methodological developments to form individual strategies for achieving the main educational goal and personal results. Nevertheless, the lack of uniform departmental recommendations and the documented final level of proficiency in Russian at the university and postgraduate levels of education complicates the process of creating unified textbooks and teaching aids for foreign students of each individual profile.

The experience of working with educational materials, created in universities, shows the need for their wide dissemination through the implementation of the idea of common departmental libraries. We offer a model of a modern contextual manual, using up-to-date pedagogical and technological solutions for joint testing in universities of different profiles.
Ethno-oriented approach to teaching russian phonetics to foreign-language schoolchildren
Authors: Timofeeva Yu. A.
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the possibilities of using an ethno-oriented approach in teaching Russian pronunciation to younger foreign students. We attempt to solve the problem of overcoming phonetic interference in the speech of Tajik children studying in Russian schools. The purpose of the study presented in the article is to substantiate and develop an effective ethnic-oriented set of exercises to overcome the Tajik-Russian phonetic interference and the formation of pronunciation skills in children with Tajik as their native language. In the course of a comparative analysis of the Russian and Tajik phonetic systems, we reveal their differences, which are potential interferemes – points of a possible negative transfer of the native language sounds on the articulation of Russian ones. Taking into account the results of a comparative analysis, we have developed special sets of exercises that practice all stages of the formation of pronunciation skills in Tajik children. The article proves the expediency of using these educational complexes with schoolchildren in a video format where the work on sounds is supervised by an experienced teacher of Russian as a foreign language with a speech therapy education, which allows him to use special techniques for improving pronunciation skills, allowing foreign children to overcome the existing articulatory stereotypes of their native language. Particular attention is paid to articulatory warm-ups, which prepare the organs of speech for productive work on a certain sound. The research materials can be used directly in the educational process, as well as in the development of recommendations for school teachers working with foreign children and textbooks on phonetics, including educational aids in innovative formats, which determines the practical and theoretical value of the presented conception of ethno-oriented phonetics teaching.
Social and Psychological Support of Elderly People in the Conditions of Full-Scale War
Authors: Zhytynska Maria
Published: October 2023

The article examines the features of providing socio-psychological support to the elderly in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. The analysis of the leading scientific research in the field of gerontology and psychology was carried out, the physiological and socio-psychological features of the elderly as a separate age category were determined, and the main needs of the elderly were revealed. The article also presents the results of a practical study implemented in the form of a survey of workers in the social and psychological sphere. The results of the survey determine the main personal changes in the elderly, which are revealed by social workers and psychologists in the course of their professional interaction with them; provide a list of the main directions of work on the provision of social and psychological support. Attention is focused on special needs and forms of their satisfaction that arise on the basis of military operations. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of providing socio-psychological support to the elderly in the conditions of martial law in order to preserve social health as a whole and facilitate the process of experiencing a personal and social crisis by the elderly. The main tasks are as follows: to analyze the bases of scientific research on the problem of aging, to determine personal and physiological changes in representatives of this age group; update the problem taking into account the specifics of wartime; to determine the main features of providing socio-psychological support to the elderly in war conditions. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods of data collection and processing were used to achieve the goal and solve the research problems. In the conclusions, the main results of the study are summarized, it is stated that timely and high-quality provision of socio-psychological support to the elderly contributes to the formation of a healthy society by reducing the percentage of socially passive, dependent population, and the prosperity of the state, which is extremely important in the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction. The novelty of the research lies in the determination of current areas of social and psychological support based on the study of the needs of the elderly in war conditions. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of their use in the process of drawing up a program of social support for the elderly in the conditions of modern society.
Penerapan digital marketing dalam upaya peningkatan omzet penjualan percetakan UFA Berkah
Authors: Wiktasari Wiktasari , Triyono Liliek , Fahriah Sirli , Lavindi Eri Eli , Anas Muhammad Rayhan Maulana
Published: October 2023

Percetakan UFA Berkah, sebuah UMKM di Kecamatan Tembalang, Kota Semarang, menghadapi potensi pemasaran yang kurang efektif dalam era digital. Aktifitas pengabdian terhadap mitra bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pemasaran pada percetakan UFA Berkah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini menggabungkan observasi dan wawancara dengan pihak usaha, serta melibatkan pembuatan toko online dan pelatihan strategi pemasaran digital. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengatasi permasalahan mitra menggunakan metode Asset-Based Community Development yang implementasinya diterapkan melalui Diskusi Kelompok Terarah, Kegiatan penyuluhan dan sosialisasi, Kegiatan pelatihan, dan Pengawasan. Hasil implementasi menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman tentang pentingnya media digital dalam promosi usaha di era ini. Lebih jauh lagi, pengabdian ini berhasil meningkatkan penjualan percetakan UFA Berkah sebesar 2%, menggambarkan dampak positif dari pendekatan media digital dan strategi pemasaran yang diadopsi. Inisiatif ini menjadi contoh tentang bagaimana UMKM mampu beradaptasi dengan perubahan teknologi, memperluas jangkauan pasar, dan mengoptimalkan potensi pertumbuhan bisnis di tengah perkembangan digital yang terus berlanjut.
Battered women continue living in abusive relationships in Pakistan.
Authors: Yusra Saleem  , Komal .
Published: October 2023

Cultural practices, societal views, and customs all significantly impact the mental health of women in Pakistan. Religious and ethnic tensions, attitudes that dehumanize women, extended family structures, and the role in-laws play in women's daily life are major issues and stressors. Such actions have severely marginalized Pakistani women, which has had a negative psychological impact. Men can now control women by using violence against them, which has become one of the acceptable methods for doing so. Still, Pakistani women are generally better off than their counterparts when compared to other South Asian nations. No one hypothesis can categorically foresee this tendency on the part of battered women because the problem is little understood and rarely discussed. A review of the domestic violence was conducted to determine the most important factors that forecast a woman's likelihood of staying in or leaving an abusive relationship.
Le système africain de protection des droits de l’homme et la question des enfants soldats
Authors: Abelungu Junior Mumbala
Published: October 2023

RÉSUMÉ: Le présent article s’emploie à analyser les règles et mécanismes africains de lutte contre le phénomène « enfants soldats », un phénomène particulièrement dévastateur pour l’Afrique. Il se dégage que le système africain des droits de l’homme érige un standard éminemment protecteur de l’enfant contre le recrutement et la participation aux hostilités. Un standard plus élevé que celui observé au niveau universel. Cependant, cette avancée significative du droit africain est confrontée à une mise en œuvre mitigée. Le système africain des droits de l’homme ne se prête pas au souci d’efficacité, c’est-à-dire celui d’améliorer le sort des enfants soldats. Et pour lutter efficacement contre cette pratique, l’étude appuie l’idée de nomination d’un Rapporteur spécial pour les enfants et les conflits armés en Afrique.

 

TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The African human rights system and the question of child soldiers

Abstract: This contribution examines rules and mechanisms dealing with one of the most devastating phenomena in Africa, ‘child soldiers’. It emerges, from the analysis that the African human rights system set out a standard that is particularly protective of the child with respect to the enlistment and participation in armed conflicts. Such standard is higher than the one observed at the universal level. However, this commendable development in African law faces a mixed implementation. The African human rights system has not been effective in addressing the plight of child soldiers. As a proposal to improve the effectiveness of curbing that practice, this study supports the idea of appointing a Special Rapporteur on child soldiers and armed conflicts in Africa.
Children’s right to sustainable development under the African human rights framework
Authors: Boshoff Elsabé , Damtew Samrawit Getaneh
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT:

The aim of this article is to explore the existence of an implied right to sustainable development for children under the African human rights system, and the main elements of such a right. It avers that under the African human rights system, the existing rights such as the right to health and the right to development, if viewed from the perspective of the indivisibility of rights, provides for an implied right of children to sustainable development. It submits that such a right would include elements such as the right to a clean and healthy environment, to safe drinking water, education, and a right to participate in decisions affecting them. The article makes recommendations on how states, individually and collectively, as well as regional human rights bodies, can ensure the realisation and protection of this right. It further contends that there is a need for an explicit recognition of the right to sustainable development of African children, on the basis that it is a separate right and that there are benefits from recognition of it as a stand-alone right. The article adopts a doctrinal methodology and utilises theoretical approaches to the law as an analytical framework, thereby seeking to establish a human rights framework for addressing the challenges faced by children in the context of (sustainable) development in Africa.

 

TITRE ET RÉSUMÉ EN FRANCAIS:

Le droit des enfants au développement durable dans le système africain des droits de l’homme

RÉSUMÉ:

Cet article vise à explorer l’existence d’un droit implicite des enfants au développement durable dans le système africain des droits de l’homme et ses principaux éléments. L’article trouve que, dans le système africain des droits de l’homme, les droits existants tels que le droit à la santé, le droit au développement, appréhendés du point de vue de l’indivisibilité des droits, contiennent un droit implicite des enfants au développement durable. Ce droit inclurait notamment le droit à un environnement propre et sain, à l’eau potable, à l’éducation et le droit de participer aux décisions qui les concernent. Cet article formule des recommandations sur la manière dont les États, individuellement et collectivement, ainsi que les mécanismes régionaux des droits de l’homme peuvent assurer la réalisation et la protection de ce droit. Il affirme en outre qu’il est nécessaire de reconnaître explicitement le droit des enfants africains au développement durable, au motif qu’il s’agit d’un droit distinct et qu’il serait avantageux de le reconnaître comme un droit autonome. L’article utilise une approche doctrinale et théorique du droit comme cadre d’analyse, cherchant ainsi à développer un cadre normatif en droits de l’homme pour relever les défis auxquels les enfants sont confrontés en matière de développement (durable) en Afrique.
La question homosexuelle en Afrique: entre droit, politique et éthique
Authors: Nwatchok Ousmanou , Sylla Abdoulaye
Published: October 2023

RÉSUMÉ:

Cette contribution cherche à savoir si, en Afrique, l’homosexualité est perçue comme faisant partie des droits de l’homme ou si, au contraire, elle est considérée comme une pratique contre-nature. Après avoir parcouru et analysé certains ordres juridiques nationaux des États africains à cet effet, nous avons constaté que 37 d’entre eux, sur 55, incriminent l’homosexualité, en la qualifiant globalement de «pratique contre-nature». Ceci signifie que la majorité des États africains ne reconnaissent pas la pratique des relations intimes entre personnes de même sexe comme un droit naturel. Paradoxalement, les homosexuels sont persécutés au sein même de la minorité d’États qui reconnait cette pratique sexuelle. Au plan continental, la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples de 1981 n’a pas consacré, de manière explicite, l’homosexualité. Le droit à la famille, qu’elle consacre en son article 18, est généralement compris dans le sens du couple hétérosexuel, considéré comme «l’élément naturel et la base de la société». En conséquence, les ordres juridiques africains perçoivent l’homosexualité comme une déviation à la loi de la nature, relative à la pratique sexuelle, et à la procréation assurant la survie de l’espèce humaine. L’homosexualité est-elle un droit ou simplement un acte contre-nature? Telle est la question fondamentale que cette contribution tente d’analyser.

 

TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH:

Homosexuality in Africa: between law, politics and ethics

Abstract: This contribution examines whether homosexuality in Africa is perceived as a human right or whether, on the contrary, it is regarded as an unnatural practice. After a review and analysis of the national legal orders of African states to this effect, the article finds that 37 out of 55 states criminalise homosexuality as an ‘unnatural practice’. This means that the majority of African states do not recognise the practice of intimate relations between persons of the same sex as a natural right. Paradoxically, homosexuals are persecuted even within the minority of states that recognise this sexual practice. At the continental level, the 1981 African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights did not recognise homosexuality. The right to family, enshrined in article 18, is generally understood to apply to heterosexual couples who are considered as ‘the natural element and basis of society’. Thus, the African legal system perceives homosexuality as a deviation from the law of nature relating to sexual practice and procreation that ensures the life of the human species over time. Is homosexuality a human right or merely an unnatural practice? This is the key question which this article seeks to address.
Assessing violations of states’ socioeconomic rights obligations in the African Charter: towards a model of review grounded in the teleological approach
Authors: Amin Anneth
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT:

Socio-economic rights in the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights impose a wide range of positive and negative obligations on state parties. The African Commission has applied different models of review to assess states’ violations of these obligations in its socio-economic rights jurisprudence. While a model of review is vital for assessing realisation of these rights, the inconsistencies in the application of the models of review result in jurisprudential inconsistencies and non-alignment with the object and purpose of the African Charter. This article develops a model of review grounded on the teleological approach to guide the supervisory organs in assessing states’ violations of the obligations imposed by socio-economic rights in the African Charter in a manner that advances the Charter’s object and purpose.

 

TITRE ET RÉSUMÉ EN FRANCAIS:

Évaluation des violations des obligations des États relatives aux droits socioéconomiques dans la Charte africaine: vers un modèle de contrôle fondé sur l’approche téléologique

RÉSUMÉ:

Les droits socio-économiques inscrits dans la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples imposent un large éventail d’obligations positives et négatives aux États parties. Dans sa jurisprudence relative aux droits socioéconomiques, la Commission africaine a appliqué différents modèles de contrôle pour évaluer les violations par les États de ces obligations. Si un modèle de contrôle est essentiel pour évaluer la réalisation de ces droits, les incohérences dans l’application des modèles de contrôle entraînent des incohérences jurisprudentielles qui sont en porte-à-faux avec l’objet et le but de la Charte africaine. Le présent article développe un modèle de contrôle fondé sur l’approche téléologique pour guider les organes de contrôle dans l’évaluation des violations par les États des obligations imposées par les droits socioéconomiques dans la Charte africaine de manière à faire progresser l’objet et le but de la Charte.
Revisiting Michelo Hansungule and others (on behalf of the Children of Northern Uganda) v Uganda: a case commentary
Authors: Fawole Charissa
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT:

Michelo Hansungule and others (on behalf of the Children of Northern Uganda) v Uganda (Children of Northern Uganda) is an early decision of the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. This case commentary revisits this decision in order to assess how far the protection and assistance of children in situations of conflict in Africa have come. It assesses the decision in terms of broader concerns such as the weight ascribed the evidence obtained during the Committee’s fact-finding mission to Uganda. It examines the application of the due diligence standard in the case and two more recent decisions, to determine if the application of this standard has progressed. It determines the extent to which the Committee’s most recent General Comment on children in conflict moves beyond Children of Northern Uganda. This commentary concludes by examining the lessons learned from revisiting this decision.

 

TITRE ET RÉSUMÉ EN FRANCAIS:

Retour sur l’affaire Michelo Hansungule et autres (au nom des enfants du nord de l’Ouganda) c. Le Gouvernement de l’Ouganda: commentaire

RÉSUMÉ:

Michelo Hansungule et autres (au nom des enfants du nord de l’Ouganda) c. Le Gouvernement de l’Ouganda est l’une de premières décisions du Comité africain d'experts sur les droits et le bien-être de l'enfant. Ce commentaire revient sur cette décision afin d'évaluer l’évolution de la protection et l’assistance des enfants dans les situations de conflit en Afrique. Il évalue la décision en termes de préoccupations plus larges telles que la valeur des preuves obtenues lors de la mission d’enquête du Comité en Ouganda. Ce commentaire examine l'application de la norme de diligence raisonnable dans cette affaire et dans deux décisions plus récentes, afin de déterminer si l’application de cette norme a progressé. Il détermine dans quelle mesure l'Observation générale la plus récente du Comité sur les enfants dans les conflits va au-delà des enfants du nord de l’Ouganda. Ce commentaire se termine par l’examen des leçons tirées de la révision de cette décision.
A retrospective evaluation of the determination of reparations for nonpecuniary loss: a comment on Lucien Ikili Rashidi v Tanzania
Authors: Nanima Robert Doya
Published: October 2023

The African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights is a distinct body that protects human rights and develops jurisprudence in international and regional law. It is on this basis that it often awards compensation for human rights violations. However, while the Court gives reasons for compensation for pecuniary loss, it does not do so for nonpecuniary loss. With the aid of a conceptual approach, the contribution evaluates the argument that the Court’s failure to give reasons for compensation fornonpecuniary loss indicates a lack of clarity. With the aid of Lucien Ikili Rashidi v Tanzania (2015), Mtikila v Tanzania (2011), Norbert Zongo v Burkina Faso (2015), Lohe Issa Konate v Burkina Faso (2016) and Armand Guehi v Tanzania (2015) this contribution evaluates the Court’s approach to the grant of compensation for nonpecuniary loss. The Court’s failure to givereasons in instances of nonpecuniary loss affects the application of the rule of law in the adjudication of cases. This contribution argues that the Court’s jurisprudence presents an inconsistent approach to this problem. To substantiate this argument, this case discussion gives the facts and holding in Lucien Ikili Rashidi and identifies the lack of clarity by the African Court in dealing with non-pecuniary loss. This is followed with a close evaluation of the four earlier cases of Mtikila, Zongo, Konate and Guehi. A two-stage approach in dealing with compensation for the non-monetary loss is proposed. First, a finding of the existence of a human rights violation should be presumed sufficient to warrant the award of compensation for nonpecuniary loss. Second, the Court should then evaluate the amounts claimed against the principles of equity and the circumstances of the case.
Le contradictoire devant la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples
Authors: Khiessie Quiterie Bassonga
Published: October 2023

Principe universel, le contradictoire est mis en œuvre par toutes les juridictions internationales des droits de l’homme. La Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples ne fait pas exception, du fait que le contradictoire est aussi consacré dans la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, en son article 7(1)(c) ainsi que dans le Protocole yrelatif portant création de la Cour, en son article 26. Néanmoins, la consécration formelle universelle du contradictoire ne garantit pas une uniformité dans sa mise en œuvre. L’objet de cette contribution est de démontrer, par le biais des méthodes exégétique et casuistique, qu’en dépit de la formulation laconique du contradictoire dans la Charte africaine desdroits de l’homme et des peuples, la Cour procède à une consolidation dudit principe. Dans le système juridique africain, la particularité du contradictoire est davantage perceptible lorsqu’il est appréhendé à l’aune de l’œuvre prétorienne du juge africain des droits de l’homme et des peuples. L’examen de la jurisprudence de la Cour est révélateur de ce que lecontradictoire est un principe établi et tropicalisé devant cette juridiction africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples.
Evaluating the (in)sufficiency of Africa’s response towards economic and psychological violence against women
Authors: Budoo-Scholtz Ashwanee , Murungi Lucyline Nkatha
Published: October 2023

Violence against women is a practice that persists in all societies across the globe. The range of actions and omissions that amount to violence has evolved over time, to recognise harmful practices that do not necessarily result in physical harm. Such actions or omissions include economic and psychological forms of violence. The evolving definition of violence is reflected in many global and regional human rights instruments. However, the approach to such recognition and measures proposed to address economic and psychological forms of violence vary considerably from one instrument to another. This article assesses the extent to which economic and psychological forms of violence are addressed in the norms and standards of the African Union. A systematic review of the applicable instruments and the jurisprudence of key human rights bodies reveals that the recognition of economic and psychological forms of violence rarely goes beyond the definition clause of the respective instruments. As a result, jurisprudential engagement on, and the framing of measures for response tothese forms of violence is limited. The failure to adopt a consistent, robust and purposive approach to violence, which articulates measures necessary to address all the forms of violence, undercuts the protection available towomen who suffer from economic and psychological forms of violence. This article makes the case that consistent recognition and specific articulation of economic and psychological forms of violence as distinct types of violence, asin the approach of the Istanbul Treaty, is necessary to fulfil the promise of protection from ‘all forms of violence’. Such express recognition in multilateral instruments is important to influence domestic law to follow suit.
The implementation of the Kampala Convention in Cameroon: trends, challenges and opportunities
Authors: Fomekong Steve Tiwa
Published: October 2023

This contribution examines the implementation of the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention) by relevant actors in Cameroon. It highlights the fact that there is a considerable gap between the legal provisions of the Kampala Convention and their practical application in Cameroon. On this basis, it argues that there is an urgent need to take necessary measures to reduce or close such a gap and thus improve the plight of the more than a million civilians who had been internally displaced as a result of deadly attacks by non-state armed groups in the far North region, growing violence in the English-speaking North-West and South-West regions and natural disasters. The approach envisaged to achieve this demonstration is articulated in three stages. First, the article sheds light onthe huge scale of internal displacement in Cameroon and on the precarious situations of those who are victims of it. Then, through a critical approach, it discusses the limitations and difficulties that prevent the Kampala Convention from fully contributing to the improvement of the lot of IDPs in Cameroon. Finally, with an approach centred around making suggestions for law reform, the article puts forward possible solutions aimed at strengthening the implementation of the Kampala Convention in Cameroon.
Le retrait du consentement des États à l’office de la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples: déni du droit d’accès des citoyens à la justice régionale? Le cas Glory Cyriaque Hossou et un autre c. Bénin
Authors: Prince-Agbodjan Têtêvi Didier , Dongar Bienvenu Criss-Dess , Afogo Nouwagnon Olivier
Published: October 2023

Le présent commentaire est un examen de l’arrêt de la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples dans l’affaire Glory Cyriaque Hossou et un autre c. Bénin, relative au retrait du consentement de l’État du Bénin à l’office de la Cour. Cet examen discute l’arrêt à l’aune du principe de droit acquis, droit fondamental au recours à la juridiction régionale africainedes droits de l’homme et des peuples. De façon pratique, il est question de la pertinence légistique de la règle du consentement de l’État et de son retrait. Le contrôle juridictionnel de l’application des droits fondamentaux consacrés par la Charte africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples et les instruments juridiques additionnels ou autres instruments internationaux de droits humains auxquels les États parties ont adhéré est conditionné au consentement préalable des États à l’office de la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, aux termes de l’article 34(6) du Protocole deOuagadougou. S’il est juridiquement licite que les États acceptent ou non l’office de la Cour, il n’en demeure pas moins que le retrait du consentement de l’État peut être interrogé quant aux effets sur le droit fondamental acquis au recours juridictionnel reconnu par la Charte africaine. Ainsi, il semble pertinent de s’interroger sur le sens et la portée juridique de la clausefacultative d’acceptation de la compétence de la Cour. Peut-on envisager une interprétation alternative du droit de l’État de retirer son consentement à l’office de la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples, au nom de l’effectivité du contrôle juridictionnel des droits humains en Afrique?
The South Africa High Court Baleni judgment: towards an indigenous right to consent?
Authors: Mensi Andrea
Published: October 2023

In the Baleni judgment the High Court of South Africa declared that the Umgungundlovu community has a right to consent before the exploitation of mineral resources in their traditional lands. This decision represents one of the few cases where a domestic court refers to a right to consent of an indigenous community under both domestic and international law. The article aims to explore the compatibility of the Court’s findings with the current international law standard on permanent sovereignty over natural resources and on indigenous peoples’ right to free, prior and informed consent to explore whether it is possible to conceive an indigenous right to consent, as a veto power, before the exploitation of natural resources on their lands. In doing so, the case discussion focuses on the possible impact of such judgment on the jurisprudence of the African Court andCommission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Furthermore, the article outlines how the findings of the Court may contribute to strengthening the concept of an indigenous right to free, prior and informed consent.
Le droit humain à l’eau: un droit dans l’ombre d’autres droits de l’homme dans le système africain de protection des droits de l’homme?
Authors: Corinne Kamgang Simeu Christelle
Published: October 2023

Cet article questionne l’existence d’un droit humain à l’eau dans le système africain de protection des droits de l’homme. L’exégèse révèle que sur le plan régional, les conventions ne concourent qu’indirectement à la reconnaissance d’un droit de l’homme à l’eau, alors que ce dernier est expressément consacré par certains textes en vigueur sur le plan sousrégional ; ceux-ci lui accordant une base juridique distincte de celle d’autres droits de l’homme. La casuistique révèle pour sa part les occasionsmanquées par le juge régional de consacrer ce droit de l’homme afin de lui garantir une véritable protection par les États. L’auteur souligne cependant la contribution du droit mou de la Commission africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples à la consécration explicite d’un droit humain à l’eau et les différentes obligations étatiques qui en découlent afin d’assurer soneffectivité. Ceci constitue donc une avancée notable en matière de protection des droits de l’homme. Il propose que les organes de contrôle puissent se référer à ce droit mou pour consacrer un droit humain à l’eau dans le développement subséquent de leur jurisprudence, de même qu’il peut servir de boussole pour stimuler et guider des réformes juridiques internes visant une véritable garantie de ce droit
Aplicación de láser a recubrimientos de proyección térmica base níquel, sobre acero al carbono
Authors: Valdez Navarro Raúl , González Parra Rafael , Waage Delgadillo Helgi , Covelo Villar Alba , Hernández Gallegos Miguel Ángel , Barba Pingarron Arturo
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo, se presentan los resultados provenientes de la generación de recubrimientos base Níquel mediante proyección  térmica por flama, seguidos de la aplicación de radiación láser, en diferentes condiciones, sobre un acero de bajo carbono. Los revestimientos logrados fueron caracterizados mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido y microanálisis, ensayos de microdureza, rugosidad y de polarización lineal, con el fin de caracterizar el efecto de la aplicación de la radiación láser en la resistencia a la corrosión de los recubrimientos previamente elaborados por proyección térmica, en un medio salino. Con la aplicación de la radiación láser se consiguió una mejora de la resistencia a la corrosión, asociada, principalmente a la disminución de la porosidad del recubrimiento generado mediante Proyección Térmica.
Improving the Process For the Production of Traditional Bali "Tandusan" Coconut Oil to Extend the Storage of Ecotourism in Family Welfare Program (PKK) Groups Merta Nadi Banjar Lantangidung, Gianyar, Bali
Authors: Ni Luh Putu Putri Setianingsih
Published: October 2023

The activities of the Community Partnership Program, Traditional Coconut Oil Processing Training "Tandusan" will be carried out by PKK Br. Lantangidung, Batuan, Sukawati, Gianyar, Bali. Based on research, coconut-based oil is a source of medium-chain fatty acids (C8, C10, and C12), which can reach 61.93%. Medium-chain fatty acids have great benefits for human health. Barren coconut oil production in Br. Lantangidung, Sukawati, was done by women. The empowerment of women needs to be continued; this is important because women play a role in increasing resources and empowering the economy in the village. The goal to be achieved is to provide appropriate technology for coconut processing, which has the potential to be widely available in Batuan Village, Sukawati, as "Tandusan" coconut oil for health and consumption. During the hands-on training, additional materials will be provided on packaging technology, production process sanitation and hygiene, and marketing so that the trainees can manage the business they are making properly. The methods that will be used in the implementation of this training are interviews, face-to-face counseling, and direct practice. The output target achieved is that partners know 100% of good processing methods, simple product packaging and labeling, broader marketing, entrepreneurship, and business management.
ANALISIS KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI NELAYAN BAGAN TANCAP DI TAPANULI TENGAH, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Muna Zakyatul , Fuah Ricky Winrison , Khobir Muhammad Latiful , Purwangka Fis , Marbun Ahmad Sadiqi
Published: October 2023

Alat tangkap bagan tancap merupakan alat tangkap yang banyak digunakan oleh nelayan Tapanuli Tengah dikarenakan potensi ikan pelagis yang cukup menjanjikan. Aktivitas alat tangkap bagan memiliki beberapa dampak, dibalik potensi yang positif tentunya terdapat dampak yang dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas bagan tancap seperti dampak ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi dan pesatnya pembangunan di wilayah pesisir menyebabkan meningkatnya tekanan terhadap ekosistem dan sumber daya pesisir dan laut. Sementara pengaruh pada sosial ialah berpotensi timbulnya konflik antar nelayan kecil, karena membuat ruang atau daerah penangkapan nelayan lain menjadi sempit akibat keberadaan bagan. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan kajian guna memperoleh informasi akurat dan dampak yang dirasakan oleh nelayan dari segi aspek ekonomi dan sosial. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di daerah Tapanuli Tengah dengan beberapa titik lokasi yaitu Kelurahan Hajoran, Kelurahan Muara Nibong, Kelurahan Lubuk Tukko, dan Desa Mela I. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik survei. Analisis data menggunakan metode analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis ekonomi. Hasil yang diperoleh kisaran umur nelayan bagan tancap dari umur 20-60 tahun, dengan tingkat pendidikan rata-rata rendah yaitu tamatan SD, tingkat kesehatan tergolong rendah dengan kondisi lingkungan tempat tinggal buruk. Rata-rata keluarga nelayan memiliki anak lebih dari 2 orang, karena tingkat kelahiran yang tinggi. Sementara ekonomi nelayan bagan dapat dikatakan cukup, karena penghasilan dalam satu tahunnya, dapat menutupi modal yang dikeluarkan dengan rata-rata Rp100.000.000,00.

Kata kunci: bagan tancap, ekonomi, konflik, sosial
Treatment of Pain Revisited ‐ The argument against too rapid resort to narcotic analgesics in Emergency Departments in Australia
Authors: G. Beran Roy
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pain is a common neurological complaint with many patients already taking narcotic analgesics at presentation to the neurologist. This paper examines an approach to pain management aimed to avoid narcotic analgesics. Clinical Practice: Pain is subjective and may be considered as either acute or chronic pain, differentiated between pain provoking avoidance or pain without benefit. Pain management is determined by the underlying diagnosis and clinical status. Use of Narcotic Analgesics: Narcotic analgesics have the potential for abuse and pose public health risks. Abuse has increased among street and recreational drug users. The Australian Government restricted access to combination codeine containing medications, requiring a prescription and medical supervision. Discussion: While there exist specific pain syndromes, the use of narcotic analgesics should be judicious. Their use should be restricted to refractory pain but should not exclude their legitimate use, once alternative remediation has been exhausted and entails medical supervision. Conclusion: Narcotic analgesics should not be the first line treatment for pain, with initial approach directed towards diagnosis and treating the underlying cause. Once refractory chronic pain has been established, narcotic analgesics should be available under medical supervision, acknowledging the risk of overuse and addiction.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis Siswa SMP pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Gustiani Dini , Warmi Attin
Published: October 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah sistem persamaan linear dua variabel (SPLDV). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dimana partisipan penelitian adalah siswa kelas IX A SMPN 2 Kutawaluya yang berjumlah 31 siswa. Penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dimana dipilih 3 siswa sesuai dengan kategori berpikir kreatif matematis tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Bahan penelitian dikumpulkan dengan melakukan tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis berupa soal uraian dan wawancara tidak terstruktur. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil tes berpikir kreatif matematis siswa tergolong rendah terutama pada indikator elaborasi.
Influence of Role Playing and Simulation Learning on Critical Thinking Ability and Student Character Building
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Bahtiar Bahtiar , Hamka Hamka
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine how learning to play roles and simulations affects critical thinking skills and student character building. This study is quantitative and of the quasi-experimental variety. 38 MTsN 1 Palu City ninth graders were employed in this study. Data were gathered for this study using observation sheets for students' character development during the learning process and exams in the form of descriptions of critical thinking abilities. Descriptive and inferential statistics are used in the data analysis for this study. The study's findings demonstrate a considerable impact of simulation and role-playing learning models on students' critical thinking abilities. Students in the experimental class who were instructed using simulation and role-playing learning models scored, on average, better than those in the control class. The ability of students to formulate the main issues is the best sign of critical thinking abilities. The study's findings also demonstrate a considerable impact of simulation and role-playing learning techniques on student character development. Students in the experimental class who were instructed using role-playing learning simulations and models had an average value of character-building observations greater than those in the control class. Religious and creative activities are the best predictors of character development.
Learning Transformation: The Impact of Problem Based Learning with Mind Mapping on Learning Outcomes in Environmental Conservation Lesson
Authors: Yusniza Yusniza , Nurmaliah Cut , Abdullah Abdullah , Sarong M. Ali , Safrida Safrida
Published: October 2023

Schools should introduce environmental conservation and change awareness centered on local issues, encouraging students to share their insights and perspectives. For this reason, this study aims to determine the effect of applying the problem-based learning model assisted by mind mapping on student learning outcomes in environmental conservation lesson. This study used a quasi-experimental design with the Pretest-Posttest Non-Equivalent Control Group Design consisting of control and experimental classes. The research population was all class X SMA Negeri 3 Banda Aceh students. Furthermore, purposive sampling produced a sample consisting of four classes with a total of 121 students. The learning outcomes data were obtained from the test instrument using 30 multiple-choice questions. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test with a significance level 0.05. The data analysis results show that applying the problem-based learning model assisted by mind mapping has a significant effect on learning outcomes with a significance value of p < 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Thus, applying the problem-based learning model assisted by mind mapping positively affects learning outcomes. The results of this study provide information that problem-based learning assisted by mind mapping can be applied to conservation-based lessons.
From ethnopharmacology to phyto medical potential of the different parts of mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana L.)
Authors: Inès Christelle Assemian
Published: October 2023

Garcinia has a long history of medicinal use. Indeed, they are popular in Asia and Africa for their healing properties. All parts of this plant tree are used in folk medicine for many different health affections, including skin infections, wounds, and diarrhea. In this review, we present an overview of G. mangostana, this medicinal plant, which takes an important place in the worldwide pharmacopeia. Consisting of an overview of this plant and contribution to its valorization by various evidence of its medicinal potential both in traditional and conventional medicine showing of the curative capacities of each part of the plant tree. We showed off that, on the one hand, traditional uses of the different plant parts match with laboratory test results, although experiences mostly used isolated molecules or organic extracts. On the other hand, researches also demonstrated interesting new medicinal properties of the plant comparing to the traditional medicinal uses, which are limited to ancient practices. These facts present G. mangostana is a reliable plant for making an improved traditional medicine or an edible source of bioactive molecules extracted in leaf, stem bark, fruit hull, or whole fruit to develop news drugs with low toxicity.
How Karma Phala moderate the Locus of Control, Commitment, and Experience on Auditor Behaviour
Authors: Ni Made Sri Yadnya Wati  , Made Gede Wirakusuma  , I Ketut Budiartha  , Putu Agus Ardiana
Published: October 2023

Auditors will face ethical dilemmas in dealing with their work, so all ethical considerations need to be maintained. Hindu’s society recognize the legal doctrine of karma phala or causal. Due to the reason this research aims to examine the effect of locus of control, commitment, experience auditor the Law of Karma Phala in moderating the effect of locus of control, commitment, experience auditor on auditors' behaviour. This research was conducted at the Public Accounting Firm registered in Bali Province. The population in this study were all auditors who worked at each Public Accounting Firm in Bali Province, totalling 90 auditors using the saturation sampling method. The data collection method used is a questionnaire using a 5 (five) point Likert scale. Data analysis in this study was Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of this study indicate that internal locus of control, professional commitment, and auditor experience have a positive effect on auditor behaviour in audit conflict situations, and the Karma Phala variable as a moderating variable strengthens the effect of internal locus of control, professional commitment, and auditor experience on auditor behaviour in audit conflict situations. The Karma Phala variable in this study is a pure moderation type.