bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR KIMIA SISWA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN WORD SQUARE DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SCRAMBLE DI MAN 2 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Shintia Weny , Bahar Amrul , Elvia Rina
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to compare the chemistry learning outcomes of students with using word square model learning and scramble model learning in grade X MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu on the subject of chemistry compound nomenclature. This was quasy experimental research and held in March to May 2018. Population in this study is the entire class X MIA in MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu  2017/2018  academic   year,  amounting  to  149  students.  Sample  is  class  X  MIA  1  and  class  X  MIA  3.        The sample of the research is class X MIA 1 with 32 students and class X MIA 3 with 33 students. Data analysis used normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test (t test). Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for The Social Science (SPSS) version 16.Improvement student’s learning outcomes in this research was taken from difference assess of pretest and posttest. At experiment class of I average value improvement  of student’s learning outcomes was 50.32. while at experiment  class of II, average value improvement of student’s learning outcomes was 44.4 . through some statistic test, there was t-test (? = 0.05) which done test the hypothesis to obtained the test result was t value = 2.174 and t tabel = 1.998. The result of data analysis showed that were significant differences in student learning outcomes between the class which implemented word square model learning and the class which implemented scramble model learning. Student learning outcomes that apply the word square model of learning better than student learning outcomes that apply the scramble model of learning.
Studi Komparasi Motivasi Belajar Kimia Siswa Kelas X Program Peminatan dan Lintas Minat di MAN 2 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Haster Elinge , Rohiat Salastri , Sumpono Sumpono
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research was to measure differences chemistry learning motivation of tenth grade students class at major (MIPA) and cross-major (IPS) courses in MAN 2 Bengkulu city. The population in this research is 260 students from 8 classes consisting of four MIPA classes and four IPS classes and also become sample in this research. The type of this research is quantitative descriptive that aims to provide a description of the variables of learning chemistry motivation in the class of major (MIPA) and cross-major (IPS) and emphasize the analysis on data figures obtained by statistical methods. Chemical learning motivation data obtained from the results of a questionnaire motivation to learn chemistry. Questionnaire of motivation to learn chemistry consists of 61 items that validity tested by using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) program to obtain 54 valid items and 7 invalid items and tested reliability with Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.897 and this questionnaire is stated reliable. The research questionnaires were analyzed using normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test. The average value of students' learning motivation of major (MIPA) and cross-major (IPS) in chemistry subjects was 197.19 and 189.71 in the good category. The hypothesis testing by using the test T 0.05 at significant level, then it was gained value namely 2.8027 > 1.6508. The results showed that there is a significant difference between major courses and cross-major courses in the chemistry learning motivation of tenth grade students. Motivation to learn chemistry in the major courses better than cross-major courses.
PERBANDINGAN PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STRUCTURED NUMBERED HEADS (SNH) DAN NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER (NHT) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA KELAS X MIPA SMAN 6 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Elyani Evi , Sumpono Sumpono , Amir Hermansyah
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to measuring the comparison of students creative thinking ability between cooperative learning model type Stuctured Numbered Heads (SNH) and Numbered Head Together (NHT) on nomenclatur of chemical compounds material in curriculum 2013 of grade X MIPA SMA Negeri 6 Bengkulu city school year 2017/2018. This research is a quasi-experimental research with total population 118 students and sample 57 students with class X MIPA D as experiment class I that apply cooperative learning model type SNH and class X MIPA B as experiment class II applying cooperative learning model type NHT. Analysis of the data used are mean values, Percentage Indicator, normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis test (t test). The students' creative thinking ability in this study is seen from the difference between pretest and posttest. In the experimental class I, the average value of students creative thinking ability was 51,851 while the experimental class II was 46,916. The result of t test (? = 0,05) obtained tcount> ttable is 2,645> 2,0040 indicates the accepted hypothesis  means that there is a significant difference between students' creative thinking ability using cooperative learning model type SNH and NHT, where the model of cooperative learning type SNH is more influential on students’ creative thinking ability compared with cooperative learning type model NHT.
Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Katalis Mo-Ni/HZ dengan Metode Impregnasi untuk Cracking Katalitik Minyak Limbah Cair Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit menjadi Bahan Bakar Nabati
Authors: Lestari Shinta , Sundaryono Agus , Elvia Rina
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the characteristics of Mo-Ni/HZ catalysts and test the ability of Mo-Ni/HZ catalysts in converting vegetable oils into biofuels through catalytic cracking reactions.Catalyst preparation is carried out by the impregnation method which begins with activation of natural zeolite.Impregnation is carried out by dissolution, reflux, filtration, drying and calcination.Catalyst characterization included the determination of the distribution of metals in zeolites using IR spectroscopic analysis and total acidity of the catalyst by ammonia adsorption gravimetric method.Preparation of samples prior to cracking is heating, degumming and bleaching.Catalytic cracking was carried out at 280oC using Mo-Ni/HZ catalyst for 100 minutes.The constituent components of the cracking results were analyzed by GC-MS and IR spectroscopy.The results obtained from the catalytic cracking process were then determined by physical characteristics which included density, viscosity, fog point and pour point test.Based on the shift of wave number in IR spectroscopy, it can be concluded that the Ni and Mo metals are embedded in the HZ.This Mo-Ni/HZ catalyst has total acidity of 8.39 mmol/gammonia.The results of the study prove that the Mo-Ni/HZ experiment proved to be able to crack oil frompalm oil processing wastewater by 91.46% to composition C=O ester CH aliphatic.The physical characteristics of cracking productshave parameters density of 0.93 g/cm3, a viscosity of 26.60 cSt, a fog point of 15oC and pour point of 11.67oC.
PERBANDINGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION DAN TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT BERBANTUAN MEDIA KARTU KATION ANION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KIMIA
Authors: Rosmalara Anisa , Elvia Rina , Rohiat Salastri
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the differences in student chemistry learning outcomes between classes that apply the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) learning model with a class that applies the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model to chemical compounds. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a population of class X IPA Academic Year 2018/2019 which amounts to 204 students. Samples were obtained from the results of the normality test and homogeneity test, namely class X IPA 4 which applied the STAD learning model with cation anion media and class X IPA 6 which applied the TGT learning model with anion cation card media. This study was conducted in January-March 2019. Analysis of the data used is the average (mean), normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing (u test). In general, the two models were able to improve learning outcomes, where the STAD learning model obtained higher results, namely 79.723. Data on students' chemistry learning outcomes were obtained from the pretest and posttest values where the average value of the increase in cognitive learning outcomes for the STAD class and the TGT class was 57,222 and 46,944. Through a series of statistical tests hypotheses were tested using the u test with a significant level (? <0.05) indicating the value (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0,000. This shows that there are significant differences in learning outcomes between classes applying the STAD learning model assisted by anion cation cards with classes that apply the TGT learning model assisted by anion cation cards.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL LARUTAN PENYANGGA BERBASIS PENDEKATAN TERPADU STEM
Authors: Tripripa Amelia , Amir Hermansyah , Rohiat Salastri
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the feasibility, student response and effectiveness of buffer solution modules based on the integrated STEM approach developed. This research is a development research adapted from the development model of Borg and Gall. The study was conducted in January - April 2019 at SMAN 09 Kota Bengkulu. The research data were obtained from the results of interviews, validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires and understanding tests. The selection of the trial class was carried out through a normality test for all class XI MIPA with a total subject of 111 students. The results of the trial were obtained by two respondent classes namely XI MIPA 1 for trial use and XI MIPA 2 for product testing with a total of 38 students. The results of the validation test obtained an average assessment of material experts 4.3 and 4.7 media experts who were both in the range of 4,2 ? < 5 with a very valid classification. In product testing and usage tests, the average score of students' responses was 4.3 with a very interesting classification. The effectiveness of the module is seen from the understanding test with the percentage of student learning completeness of 86.21% reaching the KKM which is categorized as effective. So it can be concluded that, in general, the module based on the solution based on the STEM approach developed can be used in the learning process in class XI MIPA SMAN 09 Kota Bengkulu in the academic year 2018/2019.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL KIMIA BERBASIS METAKOGNISI MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI EDMODO
Authors: Indira Shiba Meike , Sundaryono Agus , Elvia Rina
Published: July 2021

Metacognition is one of the factors that influence academic achievement, so it is very important in each student's learning activities. The objective of this research was to find out the level of feasibility and students response to E-chemistry-based metacognition using the edmodo application as teaching material to train students' knowledge and metacognition experience of students of the XI MIPA class of SMA Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu T/P 2018/2019 on acid-base material. This research was an Research & Development (R&D) using the 4D development model limited to the development stage. The development of this emodule uses the edmodo application and in its using the flipped classroom learning model. Information worthy of being used as teaching of expert assessments and student responses to limited testing and field testing. The assessment of e-module was carried out by media experts, it was obtained that e-module is very feadible to use without revision with an evaluation percentage of 93%, an assessment by material experts and practitioners ( chemistry teacher) was very feasible to use without revision with an evaluation percentage of 92%, then the metacognition –based was assessed by material experts was obtained e- module was very feasible to use without revision with a percentage of 88% so that based on the results of expert evaluations, e-module could testedon a limited trial class and field trial. Sample selection in limited trials and field trials obtained from the results of normality tests conducted on january 3,2019 from the popuation of class XI Mipa A- XI Mipa F as many 190 students obtained 15 students XI Mipa C as samples ini limited trials and 31 students XI Mipa E in the field trial. Response of students in limited trials carried out on january 14,2019 and field tests on january 30,2019 amounting to 86% and 84% this shows that the use of emodules is very teasible to use as teaching materials and obtained information that e-module can train the ability of metacognition students of the XI MIPA SMA Negeri 2 Kota Bengkulu T/P 2018/2019 in particular the knowledge and metacognition experience of student from less trained to being trained.
PENENTUAN POTENSI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG TUMBUHAN SIKKAM (Bischofia javanica Blume) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DENGAN METODE DPPH DAN SITOTOKSIK DENGAN METODE BSLT
Authors: Manurung Dapot Parulian , Sundaryono Agus , Amir Hermansyah
Published: July 2021

This study aims to determine the level of antioxidant activity of Sikkam bark extract (Bischofia javanica Blume) and its potential as an anticancer agent. This research was conducted in November 2018 - April 2019 in the Laboratory of Chemical Education Guidance and Counseling and Basic Science Laboratory, University of Bengkulu. The sample in this study was obtained from Gunung Mariah village in Simalungun district, North Sumatra. The method used in this study was extraction using maceration, liquid-liquid fractionation, phytochemical test, DPPH (Diphenylpicrylhiydrazyl) test and BSLT test (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test). Extraction maceration using ethanol 96%, fractionation using a solvent n-hexane and ethyl acetate, phytochemical tests using Mayer's reagent, Lieberman-Burchard, FeCl3 1% and H2SO4 2N, antioxidant test using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and cytotoxic tests using shrimp Artemia salina Leach larvae. The results of the study on maceration of 800 grams of Sikkam bark obtained a crude extract of 53.6 grams (6.7%). Fractionation from 10 grams of crude extract obtained 7.24 gram ethanol fraction (72.4%), ethyl acetate fraction 2.14 gram (21.4%) and n-Hexane fraction 0.39 gram (3.9%). Phytochemical test results obtained the content of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids with the highest yield on tannin compounds. The antioxidant activity test results obtained IC50 values in crude extracts of 20.94 ppm, ethanol fraction 36.29 ppm, ethyl acetate fraction 83.28 ppm and n-Hexane fraction 39.13 ppm which showed that crude extract, ethanol fraction, n-Hexane fraction were categorized as very strong antioxidants and Ethyl acetate fraction is categorized as a strong antioxidant. The cytotoxic test results using crude extract obtained an LC50 value of 54,827 ppm which showed that Sikkam bark extract was toxic so that it was potential as an anticancer agent.
PENGEMBANGAN METODE CITRA DIGITAL BERBASIS APLIKASI ANDROID UNTUK ANALISIS ION LOGAM Cr(VI)
Authors: Hitsmi Marti , Firdaus Mochamad Lutfi , Nurhamidah Nurhamidah
Published: July 2021

The presence of heavy metals in the environment can be a serious problem because it is harmful to human health. One of the heavy metal ions that pollute the environment is the Cr6+ metal ion. The usual tool used to analyze metal ions is Cr6+ is the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Inductively Couple Plasma (ICP) which are very expensive and require trained personnel. The purpose of this study was to design a simple detector for Cr6+ metal ions as an alternative to conventional methods using AAS and ICP. The detection tool was developed using the android-based digital image method with SLR data analysis techniques obtained from the reaction of the metal ion complex Cr6 + with the compound dhypenilcarbazida (DPC). The parameters of the tool measured were accuracy, selectivity and sensitivity with the reaction of DPC compounds as complexes. The comparison level of this method is the complex method with DPC using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This research was carried out in the Chemistry Laboratory FKIP UNIB in November 2018 until March 2019. The implementation of tool parameters was tested to samples of aquatic environments in Bengkulu City, namely PDAM Kota Bengkulu water, tap water of FKIP UNIB Dean, Lake UNIB water, Sungai Hitam water and water Pantai Panjang. The results showed that the detection of Cr6+ metal ions made by the android-based digital image method had better accuracy, selectivity and sensitivity than conventional methods. The DPC is selective for Cr6 + metal ions with a change in color from clear to violet, at a wavelength of 540 nm. Accuracy was checked using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with 99% accurate results. After that, test sensitivity to Cr6 + metal ions. using the android application method generates a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 6.7 ppb. The detector that was developed was applied to water samples in the city of Bengkulu, it turned out that all of the water samples showed that the levels of Cr6+ metal ions were still below the threshold determined by the Minister of Health Regulation, so it was still safe to use in everyday life.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PENYELESAIAN SOAL KIMIA LEVEL SIMBOLIK SECARA SISTEMATIS PADA MATERI KELARUTAN DAN HASIL KALI KELARUTAN
Authors: Firdaus Miming , Rohiat Salastri , Amir Hermansyah
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan representasi simbolik siswa kelas XI IPA SMA N 01 Padang Jaya pada materi kelarutan dan hasil kali kelarutan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian  berjumlah 52 siswa kelas XI IPA SMA N 01 Padang Jaya. Kemampuan representasi simbolik siswa diukur menggunakan tes tertulis berbentuk esai. Teknik analisis data didasarkan pada data yang telah dikumpulkan dari jawaban tes yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan representasi simbolik siswa kelas XI IPA SMA N 01 Padang Jaya pada materi kelarutan dan hasil kali kelarutan masih rendah. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan rendahnya persentase rata-rata kemampuan representasi simbolik siswa 40% (kategori kurang).
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Asrama bagi Peserta Didik SMA Negeri 3 Kayuagung Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Herlina Herlina
Published: July 2021

This study aims to: 1) analyze the quality of service to students who live in the dormitory of SMAN 3 Kayuagung, and 2) describe the supporting factors and barriers to service for students. This research method uses descriptive quantitative method. The sample of this study amounted to 234 students of class X, XI, and XII. Data collection techniques were carried out through questionnaires, interviews, and observations. While the data analysis technique of this research uses the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method. The results of this study found that six indicators whose performance should be improved by the guardian of the SMAN 3 Kayuagung dormitory, including the condition of a satisfactory and comfortable bedroom, the guardian of the dormitory is given rewards to students who have good jobs, students who lose their belongings must be assisted immediately. The kitchen must prepare the dish on time, the students get security guarantees, and good relationships are established by providing services in the dormitory for students. The dormitory guardian can create a home situation for students to face what they have. To provide criminal sanctions for perpetrators, teachers must involve themselves as parenting teachers by helping the guardian of the dormitory.
Academic Supervision untuk Meningkatkan Learning Design Skills Guru di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Muhsin H
Published: July 2021

The study was conducted to determine the impact of academic supervision on improving teacher performance in the learning design process. The action research method was used to apply academic supervision and was designed in three cycles. Data were collected through 17 elementary school teachers from 10 supervisory schools in North Batukliang sub-district, Central Lombok Regency and analyzed quantitatively-descriptively. This study found that the implementation of continuous academic supervision was able to improve the learning design skills of elementary school teachers. In cycle-I as many as 41.17% of teachers have a good performance in learning design, in cycle-II there are 35.29% of teachers needing guidance, then in cycle-III all teachers meet standard skills in designing learning well (100%). The results concluded that academic supervision has a positive effect on improving teacher performance in elementary schools.
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning Berbantuan Media Audiovisual Berbasis Pembelajaran Daring untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V SD 3 Cranggang Kabupaten Kudus
Authors: Maghfiroh Siti , Kusumaningsih Widya , Suciana Fransiska
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to describe the improvement in learning outcomes of grade 5 elementary school students on theme 8 by applying the Discovery learning model assisted by audiovisual media. The research method used is classroom action research which is carried out in 3 cycles. Each cycle is carried out in 4 (four) stages, namely the planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this study were fifth grade students of SD 3 Cranggang. Data collection techniques by means of interviews, observations, tests, and documentation. While the data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that the application of discovery learning learning models with audiovisual media can improve the learning outcomes of fifth grade students at SD 3 Cranggang on the theme 8 Neighborhoods of Our Friends, where the results of this increase are proven in each research cycle.
Two Cases of Ocular Manifestations in Patients with Microdeletion of the Chromosome 7 Long Arm
Authors: Kim Sang Yoon , Lee Seung Min , Shin Jonghoon , Lee Ji Eun , Kim Su Jin
Published: July 2021

Purpose: We report ocular manifestations in two patients with 7q microdeletion. Case summary: (Case 1) A 62-day-old male infant was admitted to the ophthalmology outpatient department for ocular examination after being diagnosed with microdeletion of chromosome seven (7q36.2q36.3 deletion) in DNA microarray comparative genomic hybridization (DNA microarray CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests. Fundus examination showed optic disc hypoplasia in both eyes and retinopathy of prematurity, accompanied by retinal hemorrhage in his right eye. Around the age of 24 months, the patient was diagnosed with intermittent exotropia with anisometropia and was prescribed spectacles. (Case 2) A 3-year-old male infant was referred to the ophthalmology clinic to evaluate poor fixation, which was found during rehabilitation therapy for cerebral palsy and developmental delay. Fundus examination showed an increased cup/disc ratio bilaterally. A flash visual evoked potential test indicated a decrease in amplitude in his right eye. Intermittent exotropia of forty prism diopters was observed. DNA microarray CGH and FISH tests performed at another hospital revealed microdeletion of chromosome seven (7q35 microdeletion) and CNTNAP2 gene loss. Conclusions: When genetic anomalies associated with ocular development are identified, it is necessary to detect the ophthalmic abnormalities early and provide the appropriate treatment to allow for the development of normal visual function.
Comparison of Central Corneal Thickness Measured by Tono-pachymetry and Ultrasound Pachymetry
Authors: Park Hye Yeon , Shin Hye-Young
Published: July 2021

Purpose: We compared the accuracy of central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements according to CCT measured by noncontact Tono-pachymetry and ultrasound pachymetry (USP). Methods: CCT was measured in 90 eyes of 90 subjects by two optometrists. The CCT measurements were compared and the correlations between the measurements were analyzed. To evaluate whether the measurements varied depending on CCT, the subjects were classified into three groups according to CCT (group 1: thin thickness group; group 2: medium thickness group; and group 3: thick thickness group). The differences in CCT obtained by the two devices (△CCT = Tono-pachymetry-USP) were compared and analyzed among the three groups. Results: The average CCT measurements by Tono-pachymetry and USP were 523.26 ± 32.93 μm and 527.08 ± 37.33 μm, respectively. CCT by Tono-pachymetry was significantly thinner than by USP (△CCT= -3.82 ± 15.34, p = 0.020). The two measurements were strongly correlated (r = 0.912, p < 0.001). The △CCT values were 5.40 ± 12.13 μm in group 1, -6.37 ± 15.07 μm in group 2, and -10.50 ± 14.39 μm in group 3 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: CCT measured by tono-pachymetry was thinner on average compared to the value measured by USP and the differences in measurements between the two devices were different according to CCT. The thinner the CCT, the thicker the measurement, and the thicker the CCT, the thinner the measurement. Therefore, this trend should be considered when interpreting tono- pachymetry results in clinical practice.
Proportion and Reasons for Ineligibility to Re-register for Extended Health Insurance in Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Yoon Won Tae , Kim Jong Woo , Kim Chul Gu , Kim Jae Hui
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the proportion and reasons for ineligibility to re-register for extended health insurance at 5 years in patients diagnosed with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and registered for extended health insurance. Methods: This retrospective study was performed in patients diagnosed with neovascular AMD and registered for extended health insurance with follow-up for at least 5 years. The criteria for re-registration for extended health insurance were determined along with the ineligibility for re-registration. Results: In total, 263 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 148 (56.3%) did not satisfy the criteria for re-registration. No active treatment was performed in 98 patients during the last 6 months of the study period (no recurrence, 51 patients; additional treatment was not considered beneficial due to retinal damage even without disciform scar formation, 44 patients). Macular disciform scar formation was noted in 50 patients (33.8%). Older age (p = 0.013), poor visual acuity (p = 0.004), and retinal angiomatous proliferation (p < 0.001) were associated with ineligibility for re-registration due to severe retinal damage. Conclusions: Among the patients who were initially registered for extended health insurance, 56.3% failed to satisfy the re-registration criteria. The primary reason was advanced retinal damage. The results of this study provide useful information for patient education and to establish long-term treatment strategies.
Neovascular Glaucoma after Diabetic Vitrectomy: Incidence and Risk Factors
Authors: Son Hyeon Woo , Park Jung Min , Yeom Myeong In
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The prevalence and risk factors of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) after diabetic vitrectomy were evaluated. Methods: This retrospective study included 171 eyes of 141 patients who underwent diabetic vitrectomy in-hospital between March 2013 and July 2019 and were followed for >12 months postoperatively. Regardless of the presence or absence of neovascularization in the anterior segment, all patients received injections of intravitreal bevacizumab during vitrectomy. Patients with preoperative neovascularization in iris (NVI) or angle (NVA) received both intracameral and intravitreal bevacizumab injections. Data were collected regarding baseline demographics, preoperative best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, hypertension, NVG in the fellow eye, panretinal photocoagulation history, iris and angle neovascularization, and postoperative findings (e.g., rebleeding and residual retinal detachment). Results: In total, 141 patients and 171 eyes were included in the study, and the incidence of postoperative NVG was 5.85% (10 patients). Five patients (27.78%) with preoperative NVI or NVA developed postoperative NVG. Significant risk factors for postoperative NVG were preoperative NVA or NVI (odds ratio [OR] = 16.428, p = 0.003), shorter diabetic duration (OR = 0.853, p = 0.033), and the absence of preoperative panretinal photocoagulation (OR = 0.006, p = 0.035). Conclusions: There is a high possibility of postoperative NVG in patients with preoperative NVI or NVA, a short duration of diabetes, and no preoperative panretinal photocoagulation. In such patients, close monitoring is required after diabetic vitrectomy.
Analysis of the Changes in Retinal Thickness in Eyes Undergoing Vitrectomy with Silicone Oil Tamponade
Authors: Kim Jae Hyun , Yoon Yo Sep , Woo Je Moon , Min Jung Kee
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To investigate changes in the retinal layer thickness in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and intraocular foreign body (IOFB) patients undergoing successful pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with silicone oil tamponade. Methods: This retrospective study included 28 eyes of 28 patients (RRD: 24 patients; IOFB: 4 patients) that were successfully repaired with PPV with silicone oil tamponade. The thickness measurements of the total retina, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) were performed with swept-source optical coherence tomography in nine Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study subfields, using the wide three-dimensional mode before and after silicone oil tamponade removal. The measurements were compared and differences were analyzed with respect to normal fellow eyes. Results: The RNFL and GC-IPL thickness measurements decreased remarkably as the silicone oil tamponade period progressed, compared with the thickness of the total retinal layer. The average thicknesses of the total retina, RNFL, and GC-IPL were significantly greater in eyes in which the silicone oil had been removed than in those in which the silicone oil remained. Conclusions: Silicone oil tamponade can change the thickness of the retina layer. The longer the silicone oil is tamponaded, the more significant the reduction in thickness of the inner retinal layer.
Eyelid Lipoma
Authors: Lee Sang Muk , Lee Min Joung
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To report a rare case of eyelid lipoma. Case summary: A 41-year-old female presented with a palpable mass in her left upper eyelid. Diffuse hard mass was palpable at preaponeurotic fat layer of left upper eyelid, and there was no inflammatory sign. Under local anesthesia, a left upper eyelid mass partial excision was performed and a biopsy specimen was collected. The mass was yellower and harder than surrounding normal eyelid fat. A lipoma was diagnosed based on histopathological findings such as proliferation of mature adipocytes. Conclusions: Lipoma is a benign tumor commonly found around trunk and limbs, but rarely occurs at eyelid. Eyelid lipoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis of diffuse mass at eyelid fat layer. Diagnosis and treatment can be achieved by partial excision and histopathological examination.
Lateral Decubitus Position for Pediatric Nd:YAG Laser Capsulotomy under General Anesthesia
Authors: Kim Jung Dong , Kang Hyun Goo , Kim Tae Young , Lee Junwon , Kim Min
Published: July 2021

Purpose: To report a successful case of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy performed in a noncompliant pediatric patient using the lateral decubitus position and a conventional slit-lamp-based laser system under general anesthesia.Case summary: Progression of a thick posterior capsular opacity with associated vision loss (best-correct visual acuity of 0.1) was detected in a nine-year-old child with a past history of cataract surgery in his right eye. Diagnosed with pediatric uveitis at the age of five, he had been treated previously using a combination of topical and systemic corticosteroids, which led to the development of the cataract and subsequent surgery 16 months later. Severe photophobia prevented outpatient-based laser treatment, and the patient underwent our modified procedure. Under general anesthesia, the patient was placed in a lateral decubitus position with the use of a long intubation tube. The height of the bed and table-based laser system was adjusted so as to minimize strain when positioning the child’s head. Successful laser capsulotomy was performed within 10 minutes, and the entire anesthesia time was less than 30 minutes. The patient experienced immediate improvement in symptoms, showing a visual acuity of 1.0, which has been sustained as of his most recent visit, 3 months postoperatively. The patient experienced no ocular or anesthesia- related complications. Conclusions: Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy performed by careful positioning (lateral decubitus) under general anesthesia is a viable strategy for the safe and efficient removal of posterior capsular opacities in children with poor compliance.
TARIM SEKTÖRÜNDE MESLEKİ RUHSAL HASTALIKLAR VE SOSYAL HİZMET
Authors: Şimşek Zeynep
Published: July 2021

Tarım sektörü, yaşamın devamı için gıda üretimi ve sanayi sektörüne hammadde sağlama açısından öncelikli sektördür. Tarımda çalışan kavramı, kendi tarımsal üretim alanında çalışanları, işverenleri/çiftlik sahiplerini, ücretli sürekli çalışanları, mevsimlik çalışanları ve birlikte yaşamaları/çalışmaları nedeniyle ailenin tüm bireylerini içermektedir. Araştırmalar tarım çalışanlarında; sağlıksız su, atıklar gibi çevresel tehlikeler, tarım alet ve makineleri, pestisitler, hayvanlara ilişkin faktörler, hizmete erişememe, ergonomik tehlikeler ve psikososyal stresler yanı sıra, ekonomik krizler ve küresel iklim değişikliğine bağlı depresyon başta olmak üzere ruhsal bozukluk sıklığının arttığını göstermektedir. Hasat döneminde kötü hava koşulları, sel ve kuraklığa bağlı beklenen ürünün alınamaması, makinelerin bozulması, hayvanların hastalanması, teşviklerin zamanında ve yeterli düzeyde ödenememesi, çalışanların finansman yönetimi ile yeni teknolojiler konusunda bilgi ve bilinç düzeyinin düşüklüğü, hizmetlere erişememe, fiziksel sağlık sorunları, sıcak stresi, tarımla ilgili yasaları bilmeme, tatil günlerinin olmayışı, uzun çalışma saatleri, çiftlik alanlarının büyümesi, azalan çiftçi sayısına karşı artan üretim talebi ile kaza ve yaralanmaların önemli işle ilgili stres kaynakları olduğu bilinmektedir. Tarımda çalışanların işle ilgili ruhsal bozukluklarının önlenmesi için, risk değerlendirme ve yönetiminin fiziksel, kimyasal ve psikososyal tehlikeleri içerecek şekilde, hak temelli bir yaklaşımla sosyal korumayı da (sosyal güvenlik, sosyal yardımlar ve sosyal hizmetler) kapsayacak şekilde yapılmasının yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
HALK SAĞLIĞI VE SOSYAL ÇALIŞMA: COVID-19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE SOSYAL ÇALIŞMACILARIN ROL VE GÖREVLERİ
Authors: Yurtsever Emel , Ofluoğlu Aslı
Published: July 2021

Sosyal çalışmacılar, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde hastalık önleme çabalarını teşvik etmeye ve bu halk sağlığı krizi sonucunda ortaya çıkan endişeleri gidermeye yardımcı olma potansiyelleri açısından oldukça önemli ve benzersiz bir konumdadır. Sosyal çalışma alanında COVID-19 pandemisinin toplum refahına olan etkileri üzerine pek çok çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmeye başlandığı görülmektedir. Bu süreçte halk sağlığı ve sosyal çalışma disiplinlerinin ilişkisine ve bu ilişkinin söz konusu sürece sağlayabileceği faydalara odaklanılmasının yerel literatür temelinde faydalı olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu düşünceden hareketle çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde sosyal çalışmacıların farklı düzeylerde üstlenebilecekleri görevler ve sunabilecekleri hizmetler hakkında öneriler sunulması olarak şekillenmiştir.
Bu amaca ulaşmak için öncelikle, “Halk Sağlığı ve Sosyal Çalışma İlişkisi” ana başlığı altında “Halk Sağlığı Sosyal Çalışması” alt başlığı, sosyal epidemiyoloji, sosyal planlama, sosyal pazarlama ve örgüt geliştirme kavramlarını kapsayacak şekilde açıklanmıştır. “Halk Sağlığı Sosyal Çalışmasında Mesleki Standartlar ve Roller” de ikinci alt başlık olarak yer almıştır. Daha sonra sosyal çalışmacıların söz konusu pandemi özelindeki rol ve görevleri “COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Sosyal Çalışmacıların Görevleri” ana başlığı altında tartışılmıştır. Son olarak "Sonuç" ana başlığı altında çalışma genelinde aktarılmış veriler doğrultusunda, sosyal çalışmacıların pandemi sebebiyle oluşmuş bu halk sağlığı krizine cevap vermelerinde, halk sağlığı sosyal çalışması alanının nasıl bir bilgi ve etik alt yapısı oluşturabileceğine dair önerilere yer verilmiştir.
TOPLUMLA SOSYAL HİZMET UYGULAMA MODELLERİ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN KÖY ENSTÜLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Er Filiz , Gökçearslan Çifci Elif
Published: July 2021

Kendi zamanının en özgün eğitim modeli olan “Köy Enstitüleri”, köy yerelinden başlayarak tüm toplumun gelişimini hedef almış ve kısa sürede önemli gelişmeler sağlamıştır. Toplumla sosyal hizmet uygulaması da aynı felsefe ile hareket ederek genel olarak toplumun gelişimi için toplumsal kalkınma, sosyal planlama ve sosyal eylem modellerinden faydalanarak, toplumun ilerici hedefler ekseninde örgütlenmesi ve savunuculuğa odaklanması olarak açıklanabilir. Bu makalede toplumla sosyal hizmet uygulama modelleri perspektifinden Köy Enstitülerinin analizi yapılmıştır. Toplumla sosyal hizmet uygulama modelleri ile köy enstitülerinin kesişen noktaları incelenerek köy enstitüleri ile yürütülmüş ve toplumsal kalkınma ve çağdaşlaşmaya katkı vermiş olan uygulama örnekleri ile gittikçe önemi artan toplumla sosyal hizmet uygulamasına teori, uygulama teknikleri ve topluma katkıları ile toplumla çalışan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarına bir örnek olarak aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluğun İşyerinde Sosyal Hizmet Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Şimşek Gülşen , Altun Fatih
Published: July 2021

Sosyal hizmet bireyin iyilik halinin sağlanmasını, insan haklarının korunmasını ve bu bağlamda ortak sorumlulukların desteklenmesini esas alan bir meslektir. İnsanın olduğu her alanda savunucu, güçlendirici ve özgürleştirici rolleri ile sosyal hizmet mesleği yerini alabilmektedir. Bu anlayışla sosyal hizmetin uygulama alanı yıllar içerisinde genişlemiştir. Bu alanlardan biri de çalışan refahını esas alan işyerinde sosyal hizmet alanıdır. Bu alan işyerinde ortaya çıkan sorunlar üzerine üretilen çözümleri ve çalışan haklarının korunması için savunuculuk faaliyetlerini kapsamaktadır. Öte yanda işyerlerinde çalışanların ve toplumun refahına ve mutluluğuna odaklanan bir başka alan olarak kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk faaliyetleri gerçekleştirilmektedir. Kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk faaliyetleri doğrultusunda çalışanlarının ve toplumun beklentilerine karşılık verebilen işletmeler, toplumun ve paydaşlarının daha mutlu olmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu faaliyetlerle kurum çalışanlarının refahını arttırmak, iş motivasyonu, örgütsel bağlılık ve iş doyumunu sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada işyerinde çalışanlara yönelik refah odaklı uygulamaları içeren sosyal hizmet ve sosyal sorumluluk faaliyetlerinin ortak noktaları, amaçları ve kapsamları ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk faaliyetleri ve işyerinde sosyal hizmet uygulamalarının ilişkisini ortaya koymaktır. Böylece bu iki alanın ve uygulayıcılarının çalışan refahına yönelik faaliyetlerinde olası işbirliği zemininin ortaya koyulması hedeflenmektedir. Literatür üzerinden gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada bu iki alan arasındaki ilişki, sosyal hizmet uygulamalarında sıkça faydalanılan ekolojik yaklaşım ve güçlendirme yaklaşımı perspektifinde değerlendirilmiştir.
The main means of ensuring a sentence execution in the form of restriction of liberty
Authors: Niyazova Salomat
Published: July 2021

Currently, the Republic of Uzbekistan is actively implementing reforms of the penal legislation and the Penal system. Their main tendency is to abandon the previously dominant opinion about the possibility of reducing crime by toughening penalties and to choose a course for strengthening and developing legal norms that promote greater individualization and differentiation of criminal responsibility. However, we have to admit that the current system of punishments does not have measures that can achieve the goal of correcting convicted persons without elements of isolation from society, but under the supervision of competent law enforcement agencies. The relatively rare use of the restriction of liberty, in the author's opinion, is explained by the insufficient development of the mechanism for its implementation, in particular, the means of ensuring its execution. The execution of a sentence in the form of restriction of liberty is ensured by a whole system of means that are closely interrelated. Conditionally, such means can be divided into two main groups: control-supervisory and psychological-educational means. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the following conclusions. The enforcing means of liberty restriction are designed to create a reliable legal guarantee of the implementation of the principle of punishment inevitability and the fullest possible realization of the goals of punishment. Currently, there is no practice in Uzbekistan of using electronic means of control and supervision of persons sentenced to restriction of liberty. At the same time, only the implementation of the electronic tracking tools specified in the legislation for the control and supervision of persons sentenced to restriction of liberty, the definition of a specific order and methods of surveillance can affect the development of positive experience in the use of electronic bracelets in the Republic of Uzbekistan. A special category of persons sentenced to restriction of liberty is juveniles. When conducting educational work with them, it is necessary to take into account the factors that affect their behavior. In this regard, it is proposed to create a public organization consisting of juveniles at the age of 14 to 18 years, located at the inspection of the sentences execution of the internal affairs bodies and conducting educational activities with juveniles sentenced to restriction of liberty.
Another Criterion For The Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: July 2021

Let's define $\delta(x) = (\sum_{{q\leq x}}{\frac{1}{q}}-\log \log x-B)$, where $B \approx 0.2614972128$ is the Meissel-Mertens constant. The Robin theorem states that $\delta(x)$ changes sign infinitely often. For $x \geq 2$, the function $u(x) = \sum_{q > x} \left(\log( \frac{q}{q-1}) - \frac{1}{q} \right)$ complies with $0 < u(x) \leq \frac{1}{2 \times (x - 1)}$. We define the another function $\varpi(x) = \left(\sum_{{q\leq x}}{\frac{1}{q}}-\log \log \theta(x)-B \right)$, where $\theta(x)$ is the Chebyshev function. We demonstrate that the Riemann Hypothesis is true if and only if the inequality $\varpi(x) > u(x)$ is satisfied for all number $x \geq 3$. Consequently, we show that when the inequality $\varpi(x) \leq 0$ is satisfied for some number $x \geq 3$, then the Riemann Hypothesis is false. The same happens when the inequalities $\delta(x) \leq 0$ and $\theta(x) \geq x$ are satisfied for some number $x \geq 3$. We know that $\lim_{{x\to \infty }} \varpi(x) = 0$.
Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing in Alfalfa Using a Public Germplasm
Authors: Bottero Emilia , Massa Gabriela , González Matías , Stritzler Margarita , Tajima Hiromi , Gómez Cristina , Frare Romina , Feingold Sergio , Blumwald Eduardo , Ayub Nicolás , Soto Gabriela
Published: July 2021

Because its ability to acquire large amounts of nitrogen by symbiosis, tetraploid alfalfa is the main source of vegetable proteins in meat and milk production systems in temperate regions. Alfalfa cultivation also adds fixed nitrogen to the soil, improving the production of non-legumes in crop rotation and reducing the use of nitrogen fertilizers derived from fossil fuel. Despite its economic and ecological relevance, alfalfa genetics remains poorly understood, limiting the development of public elite germplasm. In this brief article, we reported the high-efficiency of alfalfa mutagenesis by using the public clone C23 and the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Around half of the GUS overexpressing plants (35S-GUS under C23 genomic background) transformed with an editing plasmid containing two sgRNAs against the GUS gene and the Cas9 nuclease exhibited absence of GUS activity. Nucleotide analysis showed that the inactivation of GUS in CRISPR/Cas9-editing events were produced via different modifications in the GUS gene, including frameshift and non-sense mutations. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and two sgRNAs, we have also edited the alfalfa gene NOD26, generating plants with different doses of alleles at this locus, including complete gene knockout at high efficiency (11%). Finally, we discuss the potential applications of genome-editing technologies to polyploid research and to alfalfa improvement public programs.
Protein Core Fucosylation Regulates Planarian Head Regeneration via Neoblast Proliferation
Authors: Wang Wenjun , Yu Yuan , Liu Hongbo , Zheng Hanxue , Jia Liyuan , Zhang Jing , Wang Xue , Yang Yang , Chen Fulin
Published: July 2021

Protein glycosylation is an important posttranslational modification that plays a crucial role in cellular function. However, its biological roles in tissue regeneration remain interesting and primarily ambiguous. In this study, we profiled protein glycosylation during head regeneration in planarian Dugesia japonica using a lectin microarray. We found that 6 kinds of lectins showed increased signals and 16 kinds showed decreased signals. Interestingly, we found that protein core fucosylation, manifested by Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) staining, was significantly upregulated during planarian head regeneration. Lectin histochemistry indicated that the LCA signal was intensified within the wound and blastemal areas. Furthermore, we found that treatment with a fucosylation inhibitor, 2F-peracetyl-fucose, significantly retarded planarian head regeneration, while supplement with L-fucose could improve DjFut8 expression and stimulate planarian head regeneration. In addition, 53 glycoproteins that bound to LCA were selectively isolated by LCA-magnetic particle conjugates and identified by LC-MS/MS, including the neoblast markers DjpiwiA, DjpiwiB, DjvlgA, and DjvlgB. Overall, our study provides direct evidence for the involvement of protein core fucosylation in planarian regeneration.