bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Mediating Role of Neuromarketing in Achieving Customer Satisfaction based on Market Orientation: An Exploratory Study for a Sample of Workers in Asia Cell Telecom
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Mahmood Al-Mulla , Al-Qotaje Bashar Thaker , Al-Hamamy Mohammed Ahmed
Published: November 2023

The interaction of three dimensions forms the theoretical and field framework for this study, namely (market orientation, neuromarketing, and customer satisfaction), as market orientation represents the development of market intelligence about the current and future needs and desires of customers to satisfy those needs, with the distribution of this information to all departments of the organization and the creation of a response comprehensive. In contrast, neuromarketing is represented as researching brain patterns and some physiological consumer responses to marketing stimuli represented by electroencephalography, skin galvanic responses, eye tracking, work services, and facial coding. Therefore, this research represents great importance by identifying three important facts in the science of marketing management, which represent goals that organizations of all kinds seek to achieve and apply to keep pace with competition and confront it. on her, Asia Cell Company was a field for conducting the field side of the study, and the researchers sought to include several questions expressing the problem of the study, which were the basis for building the field side of the study, including (i)Is there a significant effect of market orientation on customer satisfaction and neuromarketing? (ii)Is there an indirect, significant effect of market orientation on customer satisfaction through neuromarketing? To answer these questions, a hypothetical scheme for the study was formulated that reflects the relationships and influences between the two dimensions of the study, which resulted in a set of main and sub-hypotheses that were tested using a number of statistical methods for the data collected in the questionnaire, which numbered (150), and all of them were retrieved. A set of conclusions that were distributed in terms of the theoretical side and the field side, the most important of which are: The increase in the interest of the researched company in customer satisfaction came when the organization adopted the market orientation as its approach. Neuromarketing reinforced these results when it entered a mediating variable, as we note that relying on market orientation and building appropriate strategies. In the light of this approach and through the techniques adopted by the company and provided by neuromarketing, will lead to increased customer satisfaction with the services provided by the researched company. Based on the conclusions reached by the study, both theoretical and field, proposals were presented that are consistent with these conclusions.
Regulation of Actual Digital Legal Relationships
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Moscow, Russia, Provalinsky Dmitry I.
Published: November 2023

Social development is characterized by a constant expansion of the boundaries of actual legal relations that arise between subjects of law. One of such phenomena of our time is digitalization, which has now become widespread in almost all areas of the life of society and the state. The object of this study are issues related to the regulation of actual digital legal relations. The study was carried out on the basis of the methods of logical and legal analysis. With their help, some regularities in the development of actual digital legal relations were identified, as well as problematic issues related to their legal and individual regulation. The study identified four main stages in the development of actual digital legal relations, analyzed the key points in the emergence and development of the digital space, as well as the legal and individual regulators inherent in each of these stages. Special attention is paid to the fourth (modern) stage of digitalization, which, like the previous ones, is characterized by the fact that the regulators of actual digital legal relations are mainly individual regulators, which in modern conditions is no longer just unacceptable, but also poses a certain threat to the interests of the state and society. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: to contain the threats and challenges that are introduced by the modern digital space, both fundamental international and national legal regulators are needed. A special role here should be assigned to national legal regulation, which should be aimed at streamlining the actual digital legal relations that are emerging in the Russian segment of the global Internet. A consistent transition from individual regulators to legal ones, while maintaining the rules of conduct already developed in the digital space, will not only streamline the process of interaction in the network, but also achieve the much-needed balance between the processes of change and development of actual legal relations taking place in the digital sphere and their legal regulation. On this path, the principles of law, which act as legal regulators along with the rules of law, are of great importance, since they allow law enforcement in the conditions of existing gaps, primarily in national legal acts.
Responsibility of Controlling Persons and the Constitutional Basis for the Protection of Property Rights: Search for a Balance of Interests
Authors:   Russian State University of Justice, Moscow, Russia, Tseloval’nikova Irina Yu.
Published: November 2023

The issue of the extraordinary nature of the responsibility of controlling persons in corporate relations has not been resolved at the legislative level. In the scientific literature, this issue is actively discussed, but at the legislative level, everything has remained unchanged. The purpose was to consider the provisions of the current legislation on the liability of controlling persons in corporate relations and their relationship with the constitutional foundations for the protection of rights. The paper analyzes the current legislation and judicial practice of applying the provisions on subsidiary liability of controlling persons in the field of corporate relations in cases of insolvency (bankruptcy). Attention is drawn to the fact that bringing the persons controlling the debtor to subsidiary liability is an exclusive mechanism for restoring the violated rights of creditors, which should be reflected in the current legislation. Methods: analysis, synthesis and comparative law. The obtained conclusions are of scientific novelty and practical significance, since they contribute to the improvement of the norms of civil legislation and the development of the science of civil law.
On the Subject of Crimes Against Military Service (Chapter 33 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors:   Main Military Prosecutor's Office, Moscow, Russia, Devyatko Aleksandr Yu.
Published: November 2023

The modern criminal law defines that the subjects of crimes against military service are military personnel undergoing military service on conscription or under contract, as well as citizens who are in reserve during their military training. The signs characterizing these categories of persons are determined by federal laws, general military charters and departmental regulatory legal acts. In accordance with the latter, military personnel and citizens who are in reserve, during their military training, perform the duties of military service, are in the sphere of military-service relations and can be brought to criminal responsibility under articles of Chapter 33 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Along with this, Federal Law No. 53-FZ of March 28, 1998 “On Military Duty and Military Service” (paragraph 2 of Article 1) defines that the forms of implementation of the constitutional duty to protect the Fatherland are military service during mobilization, martial law and in wartime. Article 22.1 of Federal Law No. 61-FZ of 31.05.1996 “On Defense” provides for the possibility of citizens’ participation in volunteer formations performing tasks in the field of defense. In cases and in accordance with the procedure provided for by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, the status of military personnel may be extended to the above-mentioned persons. Consequently, if there are grounds, they can also be brought to criminal responsibility for committing crimes against military service. Taking into account these circumstances, recommendations are proposed to improve the current version of Part 1 of Article 331 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM THE EXCAVATION OF THE GLOBULAR AMPHORAE CULTURE BURIAL SITES BILYI POTIK AND OZERIANY IN THE TERNOPIL REGION
Authors: Rudych T. О. , Kоzаk О. D.
Published: November 2023

The remains of 8 individuals were identified in the Bilyi Potik and Ozeriany burial complexes discovered in 2020—2021. Five of them were identified as males and two as females. Some teeth of an elder child were also discovered. The paleopathological study revealed a set of diseases typical of the Ukrainian Globular Amphorae Culture (GAC). Among them are respiratory infections, middle ear closure, and traces of infections, possibly of zoonotic origin. The skull injuries are likely to be of domestic nature. In one case the traces of a healed trepanation were found. This operation has not been described in the GAC population before although it has been found in the Yamnaya culture and was widespread among the population of the Сatacomb culture of Ukraine.

Given the complexity of population formation and the wide area of the culture, in order to identify anthropological connections of this small group of the Podillia population the morphological research was conducted.

The most preserved male crania were reconstructed and analyzed by a craniological program. The skulls from the two sites appear to be morphologically similar. Nevertheless, this new material allows us to raise questions about the anthropological heterogeneity of the population of the eastern group of the GAC.

Long and medium-long, high craniums characterize males from these sites. The shape of the skull vaults is mesocranial or brachycranial tending toward the mesocranial. There are no dolichocranial skulls forms in these samples. The faces of the males are low in absolute size; according to the upper-facial indexes, they fall into the category of broad-faced or medium-faced with a leaning toward broad-faced forms. The orbits are medium-high and low. Noses are narrow and medium-wide, with no broad forms.

Based on craniological features, all the analyzed males belong to the large Caucasoid race, as well as other individuals from the burials of the GAC of Ukraine.

According to the results of a comparative analysis with other individuals of this culture, the northwestern direction of anthropological relations is most clearly recorded in the studied individuals. Morphologically and statistically, the combined series of the Pomeranian (Pamariu, Rzucewo, Haffkьstenkultur) culture of Lithuania and Prussia are the closest to the males from the Bilyi Potik and Ozeryany burial sites.

To confirm our conclusions, we are awaiting the results of biochemical and genetic studies.
BETWEEN SEDENTISM AND NOMADISM: LIFEWAYS ON THE FOREST-STEPPE FRONTIER OF THE LEFT BANK OF DNIEPER IN SCYTHIAN TIME
Authors: Grechko D. S.
Published: November 2023

The paper is devoted to the issue of reconstruction of the lifeways and economics of the part of tribes in the forest-steppe region of the Left Bank of Dnieper during the Scythian period. The question of the role of nomads and semi nomads in the ethnic and cultural history of the population is one of the most important, since the correct assessment of the interaction between the forest-steppe agricultural population and the different groups of nomads depends on the reconstruction of ethnic processes in the Left-bank forest-steppe du­ring Scythian time. It can be assumed that the Dnieper Left-bank forest-steppe by its environment and convenient ways attracted both farmers and nomads. This led to the use of several ecological niches, which was reflected in the spread of the settlement structure of farmers in the areas that are most suitable for agriculture (chernozem soils of various types) and rich in resources for life, construction, etc. (access to water, forest areas). The nomadic population that has subjugated farmers has repeatedly penetrated the region several times. Nomads mostly used the steppe areas and floodplains of the region, leaving behind the main type of sites — the mounds, burial rites of which are fundamentally different from the settled agricultural population.

The study proposes the conditional use of the term «nomads» for groups of mobile pastoralists only at the time of their penetration into the region. In the new conditions, their lifeways significantly changed. The term reflects a transition to mobile stockbreeding within a limited territory of movement, permanent winter houses near the settlements and hillforts of the settled population of the region, prevailing transhumance, etc. At the moment, the term «semi nomads» is the most adequate for those groups of mobile pastoralists who remained in the forest-steppe region of the Left Bank of Dnieper during the Scythian time. Judging by the flat necropolis in Barvinkova Gora tract near Bilsk hillfort, a part of the migrants from the south turned to a sedentary way of life in the 4th century BC. In general, it can be assumed that the migration of nomads into the region significantly impacted lifeways of the local sedentary population.
LATE ARCHAIC BURIAL 470 FROM THE NECROPOLIS OF PHANAGORIA
Authors: Nazarova T. A.
Published: November 2023

As a result of the archaeological excavations of the Bosporus necropolises, anthropological collections have been collected and published over the years, giving an idea of the morphological type of ordinary rural and urban residents in different chronological periods. M. M. Gerasimova studied material from the necropolis of Phanagoria, which dates back to the III century BC — IV century AD. The series consists of 58 adult skulls (32 male, 24 female) and 2 children’s skull. The author concludes that the buried belonged to the Pontic variant of the Mediterranean race. The Hellenistic, Sarmatian and Sindo-Meotic components are distinguished, with the latter being predominant.

The proposed publication is devoted to a find obtained from the necropolis of Phanagoria in 1988. A male skeleton (No. 470) was discovered on the southeastern outskirts of the settlement, among children’s burials, and was located in a ground pit with shoulder pads, rectangular in plan. The inventory consisted of a red clay amphora, a black-glazed kylix, an iron akinak dagger, an iron spearhead, a gray clay bowl, and a black-figure lekyph. The burial dates back to the last third of the VI — the first two decades of the V century BC and belonged, according to the author of the excavations O. A. Zavoykin, to a nobility. The deceased was buried at the age of 30—40. The skull is brachycranic, with a wide, medium-high face, has large longitudinal and transverse diameters and a rather powerful bone structure. The significant flattening of the facial area in the horizontal plane attracts attention. The height of the buried person (calculated according to the formula of M. Trotter and G. Glaser) is 169.6 cm. The set of features of the considered skull is a brachycrania in combination with a fairly wide, medium-high face, flattened in the horizontal plane, characteristic of archaeological sauromatians and early Sarmatians.

The craniological parameters of the considered skull approach the maximum values on the world intergroup scale and are extremely far from the usual set of features characteristic of most ancient series in the territory of the entire Northern Black Sea region. Undoubtedly, the burial is unique, judging by the finds in the grave, which indicates a certain status of a man — a warrior. However, the noted features — brachycrania with weakened horizontal profiling at the upper and middle levels, in combination with the descriptive characteristics of the burial — do not fit into the framework of the known Mediterranean series. This may indicate his origin from a different ethnic environment than the Hellenic one. A similar set of features is characteristic of a number of Sarmatian groups. The material of this well-dated burial complex may be evidence of a rather early penetration of the barbarians into the local Hellenistic circle of the inhabitants of Phanagoria.
일본의 “종합적인 탐구의 시간” 주제 설정에 대한 일고찰 : 고등학교 교사와 학생을 대상으로 한 설문 조사를 토대로
Authors:   The Society of Korea and Japan Education, Ogawa Yoshikazu , Onodera Kaori , Park Sunghee
Published: November 2023

본 연구는 일본 고등학교 교사 및 학생을 대상으로 실시한 설문 조사 분석을 통해 고등학교의 “종합적인 탐구의 시간”의 다음 세 가지 주제에서 학생의 관심과 교사의 실천 여부와의 부정합이 발생하는 요인을 교사의 실천 여부 측면에 초점을 맞추어 검토하였다. 검토 결과 다음과 같이 밝혀졌다. 첫 번째 주제는 “과학기술”이다. “과학기술”은 전체적으로 보면 다루어 본 경험이 있는 교사 비율이 전체 주제 평균보다 낮고, 관심 있는 학생 비율은 전체 주제 평균보다 높다. 문과 혹은 이과라는 관점에서 보면, 다루어 본 경험이 있는 교사 비율과 관심 있는 학생 비율이 모두 문과보다 이과가 유의하게 높았으며, 요구되는 전문성이 높기 때문에 실천하는 교사가 적은 것으로 생각된다. 두 번째 주제는 “예술･체육”이다. “예술･체육”은 관심 있는 학생이 전체 평균보다 높고, 그 성격상 통합적 및 종합적 학습을 실현할 가능성이 있다. 한편, 교사의 현실적인 과제로는 예술과 같은 창의성 교육의 이론적 체계 구축이 미흡하여 교육 실천으로 전개하는 것을 망설여지는 점 등이 있다. 세 번째는 지역 관계에 관한 주제이다. 많은 교사들의 실천 경험이 있는 주제로는 “마을 만들기”, “지역 경제”가 있으며, 다루어야 할 주제로서의 우선순위도 높다. 이는 교사들이 학습지도요령의 의도에 따라 학생들에게 밀접한 지역 관계 주제를 중시하고 있기 때문이다. 반면, 학생들의 관심이나 동기를 유발하는 방법이 불충분하기 때문에 교사의 실천 경험 여부와의 부정합이 발생했을 가능성이 있다.

This paper examines the factors that cause inconsistency between student interest and teacher implementation of the three themes of “Time for Integrated Inquiry”, through an analysis of a questionnaire survey of Japanese senior high school teachers and students. The results of the study revealed the following. The first theme, “science and technology,” was dealt with by a lower percentage of teachers, in fact lower than the average for all themes, despite the percentage of students interested in the subject being higher than the average for all themes. In terms of arts (humanities and social science) and sciences (natural sciences) courses, both the percentage of teachers experienced in dealing with this theme and also the percentage of students interested in it are significantly higher for science courses than for arts courses, suggesting that the high level of expertise expected of teachers has kept them from practicing the subject. The second theme, “fine arts and physical education,” garnered above-average student interest with potential for comprehensive, cross-disciplinary learning. However, teachers face practical challenges, such as the lack of a theoretical framework for creativity education in the fine arts, which makes them hesitant to develop it into an educational practice. The third theme, “community relations,” saw many teachers have practical experience with the high-priority themes of “town development” and “regional economy” in this survey. This is because teachers emphasize themes related to local areas familiar to students, aligning with the intent of the Courses of Study. However, inadequate measures to increase student interest and motivation have resulted in a disconnect between student interest and the availability of practical experience by teachers.
The correlation between functional capacity and quality of life in patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia, Anggarini Yunita Dwi ,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “Dr. Soetomo” General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Subadi Imam ,   Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “Dr. Soetomo” General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Andriana Meisy ,   Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “Dr. Soetomo” General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Poerwandari Dewi ,   Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “Dr. Soetomo” General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Sugianto Paulus ,   Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia,   Department of Neurology, “Dr. Soetomo” General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Kartika Lisa ,   Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia,   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, “Dr. Soetomo” General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, Melaniani Soenarnatalina ,   Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Population Studies, and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: November 2023

Objective. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between functional capacity with quality of life in patients diagnosed with myasthenia gravis (MG). Method. This cross-sectional study included 23 patients with MG between July and August 2021 (7 men,16 women; mean age: 46.78 ± 6.24 years; range: 33-56 years). Using a 2-minute walking test (2MWT) for 2-minute walking distance (2MWD), maximum oxygen uptake (VO2Max), and metabolic equivalents (METs), the functional capacity was determined. The quality of life can be evaluated by the Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life 15 (MG-QL15). Result. Functional capacity was not significantly correlated with quality of life: (2MWD and MG-QoL15 r=-0.002, p=0.992), (VO2Max and MG-QoL15 r=0.190, p=0.386), and (METs and MG-QoL15 r=0.188, p=0.391). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that 2MWD, VO2Max, and METs of functional capacity have no significant effect on MG-QoL15 of quality of life but 2MWD, METs, and VO2Max had a stronger relationship strength with MG-QoL15 domain ranging from VO2Max, MET, and 2MWD. Quality of life and functional capacity of myasthenia gravis patients showed no regression relationship partially of current age, age at onset, length of medication, severity of disease using myasthenia gravis composite (MGC) score, and body mass index (BMI). Conclusion. In MG patients, no significant correlation was observed between functional capacity and quality of life, and further research is required to determine the factors that influence functional capacity and quality of life.
Cosmic ray angular distribution dynamics during Forbush decrease in 3-4 November 2021
Authors: Gololobov Petr Yu , Grigoryev Vladislav G. , Gerasimova Sardaana , Starodubtsev Sergey , Zverev Anton S.
Published: November 2023

On November 3-4, 2021, there was a coronal ejection of the solar mass into the interplanetary medium. According to direct observations of the interplanetary magnetic field and the solar wind, the ejection
was accompanied by a magnetic cloud. During the event, neutron monitors of the NMDB network registered a two-stage Forbush decrease with a total amplitude of up to 15%. A preliminary analysis of the NMDB
data shows that the first step was due to the cosmic ray decrease behind the shock wave front, while the second step was due to the cosmic ray anisotropy formed in the magnetic cloud. This work was undertaken
to study the dynamics of the angular distribution of cosmic rays in this event. The cosmic ray distribution was determined using the global survey method developed at the ShICRA in the 1960s. The method makes
it possible to use the worldwide network of neutron monitors as a single multidirectional instrument and to determine the hourly dynamics of CR distribution. It is shown that unidirectional and bidirectional
anisotropies of significant amplitude are observed inside the magnetic cloud. The results obtained are discussed in the framework of modern theories of the formation of magnetic clouds. The temporal dynamics
of the spatial-angular distribution of cosmic rays during the Forbush decrease on November 3–4, 2021 was determined. The presence of cosmic ray anisotropy with an amplitude comparable to the magnitude of the
density decrease itself was found.
Survey on Distributed AI-Enhanced Deep Learning for Predicting Chemo Response in Non-Hormone Receptor Breast Cancer
Authors: A. Gokulalakshmi  , kumar Dr. T. Ananth , Dr. P. Kanimozhi
Published: November 2023

This study offers a novel method for forecasting the response to chemotherapy in non-hormone receptor breast cancer, a difficult and complicated condition. TensorFlow-powered Spatial Temporal Integration (CNN-RNN) Architecture is used in the methods to integrate clinical data and histological images. Heuristic-driven deep learning techniques use domain-specific knowledge to build models and choose features. Using clinical knowledge, Hybrid Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Optimization (DE-PSO) optimizes the model's parameters. Because Lime offers comprehensible justifications for the model's predictions, its adoption guarantees transparency and interpretability. Furthermore, federated learning is used in a distributed training approach to preserve scalability and safeguard patient data privacy. This method offers precision and empathy for better treatment decisions for non-hormone receptor breast cancer by fusing AI with clinical expertise.
Wavelet Transforms of Microlensing Data: Denoising, Extracting Intrinsic Pulsations, and Planetary Signals
Authors: Sajadian Sedighe , Fatheddin Hossein
Published: November 2023

Wavelets are waveform functions that describe transient and unstable variations, such as noise. In this work, we study the advantages of discrete and continuous wavelet transforms (DWTs and CWTs) of microlensing data to denoise them and extract their planetary signals and intrinsic pulsations hidden by noise. We first generate synthetic microlensing data and apply wavelet denoising to them. For these simulated microlensing data with ideally Gaussian noise based on the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) photometric accuracy, denoising with DWTs reduces standard deviations of data from real models by 0.044–0.048 mag. The efficiency to regenerate real models and planetary signals with denoised data strongly depends on the observing cadence and decreases from 37% to 0.01% with increasing cadence from 15 min to 6 hr. We then apply denoising on 100 microlensing events discovered by the OGLE group. On average, wavelet denoising for these data improves standard deviations and

χ

n

2

of data with respect to the best-fit models by 0.023 mag and 1.16, respectively. The best-performing wavelets (based on the highest signal-to-noise ratio’s peak (

S

/

N

max

), the highest Pearson’s correlation, or the lowest root mean squared error for denoised data) are from the Symlet and Biorthogonal wavelet families in simulated and OGLE data, respectively. In some denoised data, intrinsic stellar pulsations or small planetary like deviations appear that were covered with noise in raw data. However, through DWT denoising rather flattened and wide planetary signals could be reconstructed rather than sharp signals. CWTs and 3D frequency–power–time maps could inform about the existence of sharp signals.
International Justice in Domestic Courts: Lessons Learned from German Courts and Warning Signs
Authors: Streiff Fritz
Published: November 2023

Le moment est bien choisi pour réfléchir à notre situation en matière de compétence universelle. La plus haute juridiction du système judiciaire français, la Cour de cassation, a décidé le 12 mai 2023 que les affaires d’atrocités internationales pouvaient continuer à être jugées par les tribunaux français sur la base du principe de la compétence universelle. Cette question s’est posée après que la Cour a décidé, en novembre 2021, qu’un suspect syrien ne pouvait être jugé pour « complicité de crimes contre l’humanité » au motif que la loi syrienne ne prévoit pas cette incrimination exacte. Cette décision a été un désastre pour les acteurs du dossier syrien et, plus généralement, pour tous ceux qui sont engagés dans la lutte contre l’impunité. La Cour de cassation vient de clarifier cette interprétation et de revenir sur sa décision, au grand soulagement des acteurs de la société civile impliqués dans le dossier, au premier rang desquels les collègues syriens.
The Situation in Palestine: Seeking for Justice, a Chimera?
Authors: Mariniello Triestino
Published: November 2023

La situation en Palestine est l’un des contextes les plus documentés en matière de violations graves du droit international humanitaire et du droit international des droits de l’homme. Ces violations peuvent non seulement mettre en cause la responsabilité d’Israël en tant qu’État (devant la Cour internationale de justice), mais aussi la responsabilité pénale des individus puisqu’elles peuvent constituer des crimes de guerre et des crimes contre l’humanité (devant la Cour pénale internationale ou les juridictions nationales). Le présent document examine les mécanismes de responsabilité disponibles et réalistes dans le contexte israélo-palestinien. Il explore l’absence de recherche de responsabilité pour les crimes internationaux présumés au niveau national, devant les tribunaux israéliens et palestiniens, et analyse de manière critique la réticence de la Cour pénale internationale à mettre en place une enquête efficace sur la situation en Palestine.
De l’Ukraine au Moyen-Orient : Un sursaut de la justice pénale internationale ?
Authors: Baudouin Patrick
Published: November 2023

Patrick Baudouin propose une synthèse des principaux points discutés par les intervenants du colloque organisé par l’iReMMO au Sénat en février 2023, en rappelant les différentes formes de justice pénale internationale comme la CPI, les tribunaux ad hoc et les procédures relevant de la compétence universelle. Il insiste tout particulièrement sur les contradictions de la France qui se refuse à faire sauter les « verrous » de la loi du 9 août 2010 qui limitent considérablement les possibilités, pour les tribunaux français, de poursuivre les auteurs de crimes de guerre, de crimes contre l’humanité et de génocide. Il termine en affirmant sa détermination à se battre pour que la prise en compte immédiate de la justice dans la guerre en Ukraine le soit également dans d’autres conflits « partout où prévaut l’impunité, et ce sans aucune sélectivité ».
Les angles morts de la politique de l’eau au Maroc
Authors: Molle François , Mayaux Pierre-Louis
Published: November 2023

Le Maroc est souvent érigé en exemple international pour sa gestion des ressources en eau. Après une période d’investissement dans les barrages et les périmètres irrigués publics, c’est l’intensification de l’agriculture et le recours aux eaux souterraines qui ont pris les devants. Mais le pays reste soumis à des pénuries d’eau inquiétantes, qui ont pris une tournure particulièrement sévère ces dernières années. Cet article se penche sur quatre composantes fondamentales de la politique de l’eau marocaine – l’augmentation de l’offre par le stockage ; le développement de l’irrigation ; sa modernisation ; la surexploitation des eaux souterraines – et en montre les angles morts. Il questionne l’encouragement à intensifier toujours plus l’agriculture irriguée dans un contexte climatique défavorable et incertain, ainsi que la durabilité des alliances sociales cristallisées autour de ce modèle.
Les associations de jeunesse, vectrices de diffusion des idées turquistes entre la Turquie et l’Azerbaïdjan
Authors: Stern Aurélie
Published: November 2023

Avec l’effondrement de l’Union soviétique, les habitants de la République de Turquie ont pu renouer contact avec ceux des autres républiques turciques que sont l’Azerbaïdjan, le Kazakhstan, l’Ouzbékistan, le Turkménistan, et le Kirghizstan. Le monde découvrit l’expression de « monde turc », allant « de l’Adriatique jusqu’à la grande muraille de Chine » selon la formule de l’ancien président turc Süleyman Demirel. Ce fut une période d’effervescence pour les nationalistes (pan) turquistes ayant pour projet politique de fonder une union turcique sur la base d’éléments culturels, éducatifs, et économiques. Mais l’État n’est pas l’unique promoteur d’une meilleure inclusion du monde turc, il existe aussi une frange de l’extrême droite qui considère la turcité au sens large comme le pilier central de son idéologie politique. L’une de ses modalités d’organisation sont les associations de jeunesse turquistes, structures qui regroupent de jeunes nationalistes qui ont grandi avec internet.
Claude Lefort face aux problèmes théoriques du totalitarisme
Authors: Cadou Kevin
Published: November 2023

Le concept de totalitarisme est marginalisé dans la théorie politique contemporaine. L’article entend montrer que si cette marginalisation tenait en premier lieu à de réels défauts conceptuels, les apports des travaux de Claude Lefort rendent possible un salutaire réaménagement conceptuel. Les propriétés du « fantasme de l’Un », repéré par Claude Lefort, qui se situe à la base de l’ambition totalitaire permettent de surmonter les principales critiques contre le concept de totalitarisme. Claude Lefort articule des hypothèses originales pour éclairer le fonctionnement des régimes totalitaires en articulant les grandes problématiques du totalitarisme : l’idéologie, l’organisation et la terreur.
Fragilité et fécondité des démocraties
Authors: Lefort Claude
Published: November 2023

Dans sa conférence Marc Bloch, Claude Lefort pense la société démocratique dans sa fragilité et sa fécondité, à l’aune de l’histoire occidentale et de l’actualité des années 2000. La fécondité démocratique est constituée par l’acceptation de la division sociale et la création d’un espace public : Claude Lefort reprend ici des thèmes qui lui sont chers à travers une réflexion sur le processus historique d’urbanisation. La fragilité démocratique, quant à elle, est pensée dans le contexte de la crise des banlieues en France : à ce niveau, c’est la corruption des mœurs démocratiques et les inégalités sociales qui indiquent une lésion du tissu social.
La constitution matérielle de la démocratie
Authors: Delruelle Édouard
Published: November 2023

En partant de la définition de la démocratie de Claude Lefort comme « institutionnalisation du conflit », l’article se propose de montrer la fécondité d’une approche du politique et du droit en termes de « constitution matérielle », un concept qui fait aujourd’hui l’objet d’un réinvestissement remarquable en théorie du droit. Contre le constitutionnalisme libéral et le normativisme kelsénien, il s’agit de montrer que la forme d’une constitution (monarchie, aristocratie ou démocratie) est indissociable de la matérialité des conflits qui la traversent, c’est-à-dire du jeu toujours ouvert entre les trois pôles de pouvoir que sont le pouvoir politique, le pouvoir propriétaire et le pouvoir social (chez Machiavel : le prince, les grands et le peuple). On montrera ainsi que toute constitution est une constitution « mixte » qui distribue le pouvoir de manière variable entre chacun de ces trois pôles, qui réalise l’équilibre (toujours instable) des corps sociaux et politiques, entre « pouvoir de fait » et « pouvoir légitime ». Comme chez Claude Lefort, le but est de repenser la démocratie en opérant un déplacement par rapport aux doctrines de la souveraineté populaire (inspirées de Rousseau), d’un côté, et aux théories libérales de l’État de droit (héritières de Locke), d’un autre côté.
What Link between Legitimacy and Response to Incentives on a Crowdwork Platform? The Foule Factory Case
Authors: Elambert Julie
Published: November 2023

Partant d’une approche néo-institutionnaliste, les plateformes de crowdworking peuvent être qualifiées de méso-institutions (Ménard [2014, 2018]), agissant comme des régulatrices sur leur propre marché du travail. La légitimité d’une méso-institution ayant une influence sur l’efficacité de sa gouvernance et de son système d’incitations (Ménard [2016]), la légitimité des plateformes de crowdworking apparaît essentielle pour garantir l’effort des travailleurs. Ce papier questionne ainsi le lien entre la légitimité de la plateforme perçue par les micro-travailleurs et leur réponse aux incitations mises en place. A partir d’une analyse en correspondance multiple sur un questionnaire réalisé auprès des travailleurs d’une plateforme de micro-travail française, nous construisons deux indices composites pour la légitimité et la force des incitations pour tester une possible corrélation. Nos résultats montrent qu’une légitimité positive est significativement liée à une réponse forte aux incitations, mais que cette relation devient plus ténue au fur et à mesure que la légitimité perçue et la réponse aux incitations diminuent. Les plateformes de crowdworking ne doivent donc pas négliger la perception de leur légitimité si elles veulent s’assurer du niveau d’effort des travailleurs et survivre face aux autres plateformes. JEL classification : M13, O3, D02, C38
Prefaces, Knowledge, and Questions
Authors: Hong Frank
Published: November 2023

The Preface Paradox is often discussed for its implications for rational belief. Much less discussed is a variant of the Preface Paradox for knowledge. In this paper, I argue that the most plausible closure-friendly resolution to the Preface Paradox for Knowledge is to say that in any given context, we do not know much. I call this view “Socraticism”. I argue that Socraticism is the most plausible view on two accounts—(1) this view is compatible with the claim that most of our knowledge ascriptions are true, and (2) provided that (1) is true, the costs of accepting Socraticism are much less than the costs of accepting any other resolution to the Paradox. I argue for (1) in Section 2 by developing a question-sensitive contextualist model for knowledge that shows how Socraticism is compatible with the claim that most of our knowledge ascriptions are true. I also argue how this contextualist model can achieve this result where other contextualist models fail. I then consider other closure-friendly solutions to the paradox in Section 3 and show how accepting those solutions forces us to give up a number of plausible epistemic principles.
Collective Communicative Intentions in Context
Authors: Peet Andrew
Published: November 2023

What are the objects of speaker meaning? The traditional answer is: propositions. The traditional answer faces an important challenge: if propositions are the objects of speaker meaning then there must be specific propositions that speakers intend their audiences to recover. Yet, speakers typically exhibit a degree of indifference regarding how they are interpreted, and cannot rationally intend for their audiences to recover specific propositions. Therefore, propositions are not the objects of speaker meaning (Buchanan 2010; MacFarlane 2020a; 2020b; and Abreu Zavaleta 2021). In this paper I do two things. Firstly, I outline a collective analogue of this challenge that undermines the most prominent responses to the original challenge. Secondly, I provide a new solution: typical utterances are backed by a cluster of partial communicative intentions. This response resolves both individual and collective variants of the problem and allows us to retain the traditional propositional view of speaker meaning.
To Have a Need
Authors: Colton Russ
Published: November 2023

Philosophers often identify needing something with requiring it to avoid harm. This view of need is roughly accurate, but no adequate analysis of the relevant sort of requirement has been given, and the relevant notion of harm has not been clarified. Further, the harm-avoidance picture must be broadened, because we also need what is required to reduce danger. I offer two analyses of need (one probabilistic) to address these shortcomings. The analyses are at a high level of generality and accommodate our ordinary notion of need as well as narrower conceptions. I also explain why the only extant, detailed modal account of need, David Wiggins’s (1987/1998), is inadequate. My analyses imply that to have a need for something is to have the (expected) quality of one’s life depend counterfactually on it in a certain way. The analyses shed some light on need’s distinctive normative significance.
Including Transgender Identities in Natural Law
Authors: Blankschaen Kurt
Published: November 2023

There is an emerging consensus within Natural Law that explains transgender identity as an “embodied misunderstanding.” The basic line of argument is that our sexual identity as male or female refers to our possible reproductive roles of begetting or conceiving. Since these two possibilities are determined early on by the presence or absence of a Y chromosome, our sexual identity cannot be changed or reassigned. I develop an argument from analogy, comparing gender and language, to show that this consensus is premature. Language and gender imbue our body with further social meaning and so, I conclude, that just as we can learn multiple languages, so too can we learn multiple genders. Since language and gender each constitutively contribute to our wellbeing as a “second nature,” I argue against this consensus to show that the reason people who are transgender struggle to flourish is not because of a “troubled trans psyche,” but because there are conceptual, interpersonal, and institutional obstacles stacked against them.
Janus-Faced Grounding
Authors: Frugé Christopher
Published: November 2023

A common view in the metaphysics of ground is that all grounding facts are grounded. This generates an infinite regress of ever more grounding of grounding facts, but most grounding theorists take the regress to be harmless. However, in this paper, I argue that the regress is in fact vicious, therefore some grounding facts are ungrounded. Since the regress appears to fall out of two plausible principles of fundamentality, I offer a new interpretation of them that allows for ungrounded grounding facts.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Marketing Competitive Strategies and Tactics
Authors: Bhattacharya Saurabh , Singla Babita
Published: November 2023

A variety of applications on handsets, including automatic speech identification, utilize “machine learning,” including internet search engines, spam-filtering mail servers, portals that offer tailored advice, a payment gateway that looks for suspicious items, and online platforms that exert pressure. The structure of the computing world provided for the collection of both contents and the commands needed to alter such material. These early systems were primarily built to conduct mathematical tasks. This reached a stage in which the machine began to interpret the information using a linear equation of an actual framework. The machine had only been obeying commands and had no capacity for learning. Its following phase has been to come up with a series of guidelines that might enable the algorithm to draw its unique conclusions using huge quantities of information and apply such conclusions to categorize and anticipate future information. The discipline of intelligent machines, which is jointly referred to as machine learning, is born as a result of “artificial intelligence.”
Stock Market Responses to Interest Rate Changes
Authors: Sood Rohit
Published: November 2023

Stock markets encourage investors to make savings and investments with extra amounts to invest in the different financial resources which match their capability and the amount of investment they have. In developing countries like India, especially in financial sectors, stock markets play a crucial role towards growth and development of an economy. Investors always look for the returns from the invested capital to achieve an optimal balance between risk and reward as per the respective risk profile of an investor. The research attempts to investigate the impact of rate of interest on rate sensitive sectors in the Indian stock market. The effect of rate of interest vacillations on the estimation of companies has gotten a great arrangement of consideration inside the writing, albeit a significant part of the observational research has concentrated on rate delicate areas like banking, automobile, and real estate segments as a result of the financing cost affectability of these segments.
Breaking the Silence
Authors: Shamsudeen Sheeba , Nag Ritwika
Published: November 2023

Childhood abuse and neglect are tragic and distressing realities that persist in societies worldwide and can have profound and long-lasting effects on children and adolescents. It encompasses a wide range of harmful behaviours, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse and neglectful acts of omission, such as failing to provide adequate care, supervision, or emotional support. This chapter focuses on recognising the different forms of abuse and neglect and the risk and protective factors that can be present across multiple levels of a child's ecology and interact to influence outcomes. Survivors of abuse and childhood neglect often face emotional, psychological, and physical consequences that can persist into adulthood. Addressing this global problem requires a coordinated understanding regarding the warning signs, the protective and risk factors and the impact and consequences. Evidence-based psychosocial interventions can assist children and their families to regain their functioning and facilitate the development of healthy, productive lives.
Understanding the Neuropsychology of Disruptive and Externalizing Disorders in Children
Authors: Halder Susmita , Sarkar Madhurima Dey
Published: November 2023

Children tend to express their thoughts and emotions primarily through their behavior. At times, children's behavior may be problematic, characterized by disruptions, restlessness, and impulsive actions which may lead to behavioural problems. While it is normal for children to exhibit some degree of problem behavior, the intensity and severity can have significant impact on their overall development. Children with “high risk” for externalizing disorders like conduct problems, oppositional behavior, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), exhibit unique brain activity patterns. This book chapter would thus aim to explore the distinct neuropsychological correlates of externalizing disorders and identify commonalities and differences. The chapter will also elaborate on various therapeutic interventions and strategies that can be applicable in managing this condition. Gaining an understanding of neuropsychological mechanisms that contribute to externalizing disorders can lead to more effective and targeted interventions to support children's development and well-being.
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Externalizing Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Sahithya B. R. , Kashyap Rithvik S.
Published: November 2023

Externalizing disorders characterized by behavioral problems manifest in the children's outward behaviors such as poor impulse control, impulsivity, and inattention may result in children negatively acting out on the external environment. When untreated, these problematic behaviors are associated with a wide range of negative outcomes for children and adolescents. In recent years, mindfulness-based interventions have become increasingly popular and have been shown to improve the ability to sustain attention and concentration, decrease impulsivity, help calm down and relax, increase frustration tolerance, and reduce stress; which enables the individual to respond with greater choice and solve problems and daily difficulties with greater skill. This chapter makes use of a narrative review format to describe the intervention procedure, duration, and process of each of the therapies along with existing research evidence in support of these therapies, and concludes with recommendations for further research.