bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anesthesia Trauma Guidelines: A Systematic Review of Global Accessibility and Quality
Authors: Gamboa Jakob E. , Turner Ryan , LaBelle Noah , Villasenor Mario , Harnke Ben , Zavala Gabriela , LaGrone Lacey N. , Simmons Colby G.
Published: January 2025

This systematic review describes the available clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the anesthetic management of trauma and appraises the accessibility and quality of these resources. This review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search was conducted across 8 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CABI Digital Library, Global Index Medicus, SciELO, Google Scholar, and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) for guidelines from 2010 to 2023. Two independent reviewers assessed guideline eligibility and extracted data, which were audited by a third reviewer. Data regarding author demographics, accessibility, clinical topics, and quality were collected. The quality of guidelines was evaluated according to the National Guideline Clearinghouse Extent Adherence to Trustworthy Standards (NEATS) Instrument. A total of 2426 articles were identified, of which 165 met eligibility criteria and were included. Guidelines were developed by 122 professional societies and authors from 51 countries. By region, Europe contributed with the most authors (61%), while Africa had the fewest (4%). Most CPGs were developed by authors from high-income countries (HIC) and only 12% had a first or last author from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The United States was the country with the most guideline authors. While 70% were open access, the average cost for paid access was US$36.61. Among the 8 languages identified, English was the most common. The most common topics were blood and fluid management, shock, and airway management. The overall quality of included guidelines was considered moderately high, with an average NEATS score of 3.13 of 5. Quality scores were lowest for involvement of patient perspectives, plans for updating, and presence of a methodologist. On logistic regression analysis, the involvement of a methodological expert was the only predictor of having a high-quality NEATS score, with no association observed with open accessibility, English language, society endorsement, first author from a HIC, or a multidisciplinary group composition. Though many countries and societies have contributed to the development of anesthesia CPGs for trauma, there has been a disproportionate lack of representation from LMICs, where the burden of trauma mortality is highest. In this study, we identify barriers to accessibility and areas for improving future guideline quality. We recommend ongoing efforts to incorporate perspectives from diverse settings and to increase the availability of high-quality, open-access guidelines to improve worldwide health outcomes in trauma.
A Transecological Poetics of Reterritorialization in San Francisco's Tenderloin
Authors: Laborde Chandra
Published: January 2025

This article responds to Susan Stryker's call to envision a future of justice for the building at the crossroads of Turk and Taylor Streets—the historic site of the Compton's Cafeteria Riot of 1966, now owned and operated by a private prison corporation. Drawing from Stryker's “transexual poetics,” which explores the transformative potential of trans bodies; Eva Hayward's concept of “transposition,” highlighting the intra-creation between trans bodies and the urban environment; and Lucas Crawford's “transgender poetics of architecture,” which examines the relationship between trans bodies and the aesthetics of public structures, this work proposes to go beyond architectural aesthetics to address social justice and resist the capitalist co-optation of queer and trans identities. Employing a “transecological poetics of reterritorialization,” it proposes a strategy to resist the erasure of cultural formations and social meaning through gentrification. Drawing from Deleuze and Guattari's concept of “reterritorialization”—the reconstruction of those formations—it envisions a transversal communication to enable cross-movement and multispecies coalitions. The article analyzes the creation of the Transgender District as a site where trans liberation has been instrumentalized to “beautify” and create “safe spaces” for the trans “community,” while broadening the divide between groups seeking assimilation and more radical factions that advocate for police abolition and challenge capitalism. Two contrasting sites illustrate the crossroads of possible directions for the future of the building: the Eagle Plaza in the Leather Cultural District, exemplifying the risks of co-opting queer identities for profit, and the Tenderloin National Forest, an alley transformed into a forest, embodying the possibilities of a transecological poetics of reterritorialization. This latter example demonstrates how transmuted structures of sociality extend into the built environment, offering to reimagine Compton's as a utopian space, a microcosm with potential for trans-scalar planetary transition.
ASO Author Reflections: The Effects of Perioperative Corticosteroids on Postoperative Complications After Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Debated Topic of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Haonan , Wei Kongyuan , Wu Zheng
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is a complex surgery with high morbidity and mortality, often associated with complications like post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH) and postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPF). The corticosteroids administered intraoperatively has been shown to improve postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. However, their impact on complications following PD remains controversial.

Results

A comprehensive review of literature found no significant impact of perioperative corticosteroids on postoperative complications in PD, including postoperative major complications (PMCs), POPF, infectious complications, delayed gastric emptying (DGE), post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH), bile leakage, reoperation, or 30-days mortality.

Conclusion

Other medications, such as octreotide, antibiotics, and probiotics, have shown potential in reducing complications, but further research is needed, especially for corticosteroids in PD. In the near future, more randomized controlled trials should be conducted, along with well-designed clinical studies, to provide high-level evidence for the potential benefits of corticosteroids in PD for targeted populations.
Θεωρία της πραγμοποίησης στον Adorno
Authors: Δρούλιας Αναστάσιος
Published: January 2025

Το παρόν διδακτορικό διερευνά, στη βιβλιογραφία που αφορά τους Karl Marx και Theodor Adorno, εκείνη τη γραμμή ερμηνείας που επιχειρεί να καταδείξει ότι η Κριτική Θεωρία της κοινωνίας (Adorno) αποτελεί δημιούργημα, αλλά και συμπλήρωμα, της Κριτικής της Πολιτικής Οικονομίας (Marx). Σε ολόκληρο το έργο του Adorno εμφανίζεται να παίζει καθοριστικό ρόλο μια πρωτότυπη θεωρία Πραγμοποίησης που δίνει έμφαση στις καπιταλιστικές σχέσεις ανταλλαγής (και όχι παραγωγής). Μια αποσπασματική θεωρία που οφείλουμε να παραστήσουμε μέσα από θραύσματα που προκύπτουν από τη θεωρητική αντιπαράθεση με τους Sohn-Rethel και Benjamin και από μια σειρά κειμένων και παραδόσεων που καταλήγουν στην "Αρνητική Διαλεκτική" (1966). Αλλά και μέσα από τις προσεγγίσεις μαθητών του Adorno που καλούν σε μια “Νέα Ανάγνωση του Marx”. Έτσι αναδύεται ένα υπόγειο ρεύμα της Κριτικής Θεωρίας της σχολής της Φρανκφούρτης, που κινείται ενάντια στη λεγόμενη “δεύτερη γενιά” της σχολής διεκδικώντας μια θεωρία που οι πολιτισμικές σπουδές περιχαράκωσαν και απονεύρωσαν. Διαβάζοντας το έργο του Adorno ως μια κίνηση προς τον Marx, οδηγούμαστε σε μια χρηματική θεωρίας της αξίας και θεμελιώνουμε στη μαρξική θεωρία το αίτημα της κριτικής του εμπορευματικού χαρακτήρα. Μια θεωρία που προκύπτει μέσα από τη κριτική στον υποκειμενοκεντρισμό της διαφωτιστικής παράδοσης και προς μια αντικειμενόστροφη φιλοσοφία που πηγάζει από την ίδια την έννοια της διαλεκτικής. Μια διαλεκτική της μη ταυτότητας, της αρνητικής σχέσης των πραγμάτων με την έννοια τους, μια διαλεκτική που αφήνει τα πράγματα να μας μιλήσουν τα ίδια. Και αυτό που μας λένε είναι ότι κανένας και τίποτα δεν θα όφειλε να υπάρχει ως εμπόρευμα. Στον Adorno, η θέση για το “Πρωτείο του Αντικειμένου” και η επιμονή του στη μελέτη του εμπορευματικού φαινομένου μας προσφέρουν ένα πέρασμα για τη κατανόηση της απρόσωπης κυριαρχίας του κεφαλαίου, για τη κατανόηση των οικονομικών κατηγοριών ως μάσκας χαρακτήρα, ως αρνητική διαλεκτική της αντικειμενικής φαινομενικότητας των κατηγοριών του αστικού ορίζοντα.
Χαρτογραφήσεις δωματίου
Authors: Κυριακάκου Κυριακή
Published: January 2025

Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής είναι να αποτιμήσει την παρακαταθήκη του δοκιμίου Α Room of One’s Own (1929) της Virginia Woolf στη σύγχρονη γυναικεία τέχνη διενεργώντας μια συστηματική χαρτογράφηση των εικαστικών έργων που παρουσιάζονται με ευθύβολο τρόπο ή έμμεσα επηρεασμένα από αυτό. Κεντρικά ζητήματα του δοκιμίου, όπως η γυναικεία χειραφέτηση, το δωμάτιο, ο προσωπικός χώρος και η ιδιωτικότητα, τα οποία σχετίζονται με το γυναικείο ζήτημα από τις αρχές του 20ου αιώνα μέχρι και σήμερα, συνδέονται εννοιολογικά με ένα σημαντικό αριθμό έργων. Το πρώτο μέρος της διατριβής περιλαμβάνει την ανάλυση του δοκιμίου της Woolf, των συνθηκών που συνέβαλαν στη συγγραφή του, καθώς και των σημείων εκείνων που συνδέονται με το ερευνητικό ζητούμενο. Στη συνέχεια ακολουθεί η χρονολογική παρουσίαση μιας σειράς καλλιτεχνιδών, οι οποίες επιχειρούν μέσα από την εικαστική αποτύπωση του δωματίου και της γυναικείας παρουσίας εντός της εστίας να θίξουν θέματα φύλου και ταυτότητας. Η χαρτογράφηση συμπεριλαμβάνει το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο και τις κοινωνικοπολιτικές συνθήκες της εκάστοτε περιόδου. Η διατριβή ολοκληρώνεται με μια ενότητα έργων επηρεασμένων με ευθύβολο τρόπο από το δοκίμιο της Woolf καθώς και με τα σχετικά επιμελητικά εγχειρήματα της υπογράφουσας, ισχυροποιώντας την πεποίθηση πως το δοκίμιο της Woolf και οι προβληματικές τους σε σχέση με τον χώρο και το φύλο έχουν επηρεάσει και εξακολουθούν να επηρεάζουν σημαντικό αριθμό δημιουργών ανά τον κόσμο. Αποσκοπώντας στην περαιτέρω επιστημονική αξιοποίηση της παρούσας έρευνας έχει δημιουργηθεί μια εν εξελίξει ιστοσελίδα με εικαστικά έργα σχετικά με το κεντρικό ερώτημα.
Rethinking "Educació Lliure"
Authors: Μενεγάκη Μαρία
Published: January 2025

Η διδακτορική διατριβή αποτελεί μια εθνογραφική και ανθρωπολογική μελέτη εναλλακτικών σχολείων και εκπαιδευτικών εγχειρημάτων στη σύγχρονη Καταλονία, βασισμένη σε τρεις περιπτώσεις, ένα ιδιωτικό σχολείο, ένα δημόσιο σχολείο και ένα αυτοδιαχειριζόμενο εκπαιδευτικό εγχείρημα. Μέσω της συμμετοχικής παρατήρησης και συνεντεύξεων, στοχεύει να περιγράψει τις παιδαγωγικές προτάσεις και πρακτικές και στη διερευνήσει τις κοσμοθεωρίες και τη συμμετοχή των οικογενειών. Επιχειρεί επίσης μια πλαισιωμένη, κριτική και συγκριτική ανάλυση με βάση τις παιδαγωγικές προτάσεις, τις σχέσεις εξουσίας, την αίσθηση του ανήκειν και τις διαδικασίες πολιτισμικής μετάδοσης και μάθησης. Η μελέτη δείχνει πώς τα εναλλακτικά σχολεία/εκπαιδευτικά εγχειρήματα μπορούν να είναι ταυτόχρονα χώροι ελέγχου/υπακοής και ελευθερίας, χώροι κοινωνικής αναπαραγωγής και κοινωνικού μετασχηματισμού. Από τη μία πλευρά, μεταδίδονται ατομικιστικές αξίες, ενώ παράγεται κοινωνικός και πολιτισμικός διαχωρισμός. Από την άλλη πλευρά, μεταδίδονται και κοινοτικές αξίες, οικοδομούνται οριζόντιες σχέσεις και προωθείται η άμεση δημοκρατία. Η διατριβή τελικά υποστηρίζει ότι μέσω της σκόπιμης συλλογικής απομάθησης, της συμπεριληπτικότητας και της επέκτασης της αλληλοβοήθειας, θα μπορούσαν να ξετυλιχθούν περισσότερα στοιχεία με δυνατότητες κοινωνικού μετασχηματισμού.
Embracing smart wellness: Exploring perceptions of preventive healthcare technology in the digital era
Authors: Jairam Debanjali , K S Swathi , Nayak Smitha
Published: January 2025

Background Technology is revolutionizing healthcare, making it more connected, efficient, and patient-centric. Smart healthcare tools like wearables and mobile health applications empower individuals to manage their health proactively. By leveraging these technologies, individuals can monitor chronic conditions like hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and cardiac issues, potentially preventing their detrimental consequences. This proactive approach not only enhances personal health management but also contributes to the overall well-being of society. Objective This study aims to understand individuals’ perceptions of smart technology usage and identify the antecedents influencing the adoption of smart healthcare technological applications. Methods This cross-sectional study used a structured questionnaire to collect the responses from 390 respondents in the Indian context. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling. Findings and Conclusion The findings of this research show that antecedents such as self-efficacy, preventive awareness, technology promptness and innovativeness, and social influence play a significant role in the adoption of technology among individuals. Further, the study’s results will help to develop and promote technological applications to improve population health and have implications for healthcare providers, technology developers, marketers, and researchers.
INFRASTRUCTURAL PROBLEMS OF AUTO-TOURISM IN RUSSIA
Authors: Karpova Galina , Eremicheva P.
Published: January 2025

This article defines the problem of the quality of infrastructure provision of Russian regions at the modern level in the context of promoting the concept of development of auto-tourism. Author evaluates the quality of the main infrastructure of roadside and road service on the example of specific subjects, studies publicly available indicators. This work represents the cause-and-effect relationships and examines the obstacles in the development of infrastructure that ensures safe and comfortable movement of auto-tourists.
DIGITAL CURRENCIES OF CENTRAL BANKS: IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCE AND DEVELOPMENT CONCEPTS
Authors: Nikonova Ya. , Ivasenko A.
Published: January 2025

The advent of blockchain technology and digital currencies has caused a revolutionary shift in the financial sector. The article examines the advantages, threats and possible problems associated with one type of digital currency – the central bank digital currency (CBDC). A qualitative research method is used to collect data, and the differences between the digital currencies of central banks and the current conditions of their regulation are summarized and compared.
FEATURES OF MULTI-CRITERIA SELECTION OF A DIGITAL LOGISTICS PLATFORM BASED ON THE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY METHOD
Authors: Gusev D. , Gerami V. , Zimin A.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the problem of choosing a digital logistics platform in conditions of inconsistency and uncertainty. An example of calculating the optimal solution using a multi-criteria choice based on the analytical hierarchy method is considered.
REALIZING THE POTENTIAL OF DOMESTIC TOURISM IN RUSSIA BASED ON PROMISING TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS PRODUCTS
Authors: Zhakov V.
Published: January 2025

The interest of Russians in domestic tourism is steadily growing. This trend is explained not only by external circumstances, such as closed borders, sharp fluctuations in the exchange rate, a decrease in the number of available destinations, but also by initiatives of the Government of the Russian Federation, which contribute to the creation of comfortable and affordable conditions for Russians to relax by supporting the development of national tourist routes, the development of new guidebooks and audio guides, and the creation of high-quality accommodation. Traditionally, one of the most popular travel destinations in the Russian Federation is the direction to the south, in particular the Center-South. In this regard, it seems advisable to consider the potential for the development of domestic tourism in the Russian Federation in this direction.
ABOUT MODERN PROBLEMS IN TRANSPORT LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Authors: Bubnova G. , Shevaleva S.
Published: January 2025

This article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the transport and logistics services market, some problems of the organization of rational cargo delivery routes, supply chains and the causes of their occurrence are considered. The types of uncertainty characteristic of the subject area under study, which complicate the formation of a logistics system, are determined.
CORPORATE CULTURE OF DIGITAL INTERACTION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF JSC "RUSSIAN RAILWAYS" "EMPLOYEE SERVICE PORTAL")
Authors: Kargina L. , Ionova T.
Published: January 2025

Digital transformation requires constant development for companies in all aspects of their operations, including corporate services. Digitally transforming corporate interactions is an essential step for companies to strengthen their position in the job market and enhance their image. This paper analyzes the successful implementation of the "Employee Service Portal" project by "Russian Railways", which exemplifies the transformation of company culture in today's realities. The project in question not only provides services, but is also an essential tool for human resource management.
USING THE GEOGEBRA TOOLKIT TO SOLVE OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS USING A GRAPHICAL METHOD
Authors: Efimov G. , Efimov D.
Published: January 2025

Modern economists and managers face high-level problems that require indepth analysis and modeling. To successfully solve such problems, where the dependencies on variables are nonlinear, they need the ability to find optimal solutions. This facilitates informed decision-making that promotes economic development and stability. However, there are no universal methods for solving nonlinear problems, so visualization, visibility and interactivity of the process play an important role in their resolution. GeoGebra provides visualization of the area of acceptable solutions and identification of critical points, which simplifies the process of finding a solution. Thanks to the dynamic geometric shapes in GeoGebra, you can explore various solutions and change the parameters for analysis.
THE ESSENCE OF LABOR EFFICIENCY IN THE DATA ECONOMY
Authors: Zhuravlev Pavel , Tagirov M.
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the content of the concept of personnel labor efficiency in business structures. The essence, types and components of this concept are substantiated. A formula for calculating labor efficiency, which forms surplus value, is given. The relationship and levels of efficiency with various types of profitability in various areas of the company's activity are shown. Current schools, concepts and practices of management and management that actively use digital technologies are indicated. The article shows the content of the National Project "Data Economy", its directions and niches, where the mechanism for improving labor efficiency can organically develop using digital technologies of the business ecosystem, as well as management technologies for improving labor efficiency based on the Data Economy. In addition, its niches are shown, where labor efficiency is manifested and ways to increase it.
DEVELOPMENT OF QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS OF RUSSIAN RAILWAYS – THE FUTURE OF SECURE BIG DATA TRANSMISSION IN RUSSIA
Authors: Kolesnikova E.
Published: January 2025

An important task in the development of economic sectors based on big data analysis technologies is to find secure data transmission methods. Progress brings both new threats and new technologies and protection methods. One such method is quantum communication.
USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES TO CHECK THE QUALITY OF STUDENT WORK
Authors: Milevskiy A.
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the possibilities of using natural language processing technologies to check students' work. Concrete examples of the use of different
approaches are given.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING RPA TECHNOLOGY TO RESTRUCTURE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PROCESS AND STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS AT RUSSIAN RAILWAYS
Authors: Vaneeva E.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the expediency of restructuring corporate governance processes and strategy implementation in Russian Railways through the introduction of RPA technology.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY «COMPLEX EVENT PROCESSING» IN THE ORGANIZATION OF TRAIN TRAFFIC WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF JSC «RUSSIAN RAILWAYS» COMPANY
Authors: Vaneeva E.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the possibilities and prospects of using the «complex event processing» technology for the processes of organizing and controlling train traffic at stations and stages as part of the digital transformation of Russian Railways.
BI AND OLAP: POWERFUL TOOLS FOR DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: Zhukova M.
Published: January 2025

In this article, we will look at how Business Intelligence (BI) and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) technologies affect the work of modern businesses. We will describe the basic principles of operation of these tools, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Special attention will be paid to how BI and OLAP help analyze large amounts of data and make management decisions. We will also give examples of the successful use of these technologies in various industries and discuss the prospects for their development.
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATED VIRTUAL REALITY SYSTEM TO OPTIMIZE COMMUNICATION PROCESSES IN THE COMPANY
Authors: Kobzar' O.
Published: January 2025

The article considers the formation of an automated virtual reality system as a factor of effective employee interaction. The analysis of the impact of virtual reality on improving communication, increasing the efficiency of work processes and increasing the level of involvement in the company is presented. The author draws attention to the fact that the developed system requires long-term testing to obtain reliable results.
AUTOMATION OF WAREHOUSE ACCOUNTING AND SUPPLIES AS A WAY TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Kravchenko N.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses the automation of warehouse accounting and supplies as a way to improve the efficiency of the enterprise. The author explores the main aspects of the introduction of automation, analyzes its impact on key performance indicators of the company, such as the speed of order processing, the accuracy of accounting for goods, cost reduction and optimization of logistics processes.
TIME SERIES DATA STORAGE
Authors: Metelev S.
Published: January 2025

The article examines methods for storing time series, including relational and NoSQL databases, as well as specialized TSDBs. The advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed in the context of processing large volumes of data, especially from the Internet of Things. The author emphasizes the importance of choosing the appropriate storage to enhance analysis efficiency.
THE IMPACT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION SECURITY SYSTEMS ON BUSINESS PROCESSES
Authors: Mihaleva L.
Published: January 2025

The article examines how the implementation of information security systems affects the business processes of a company. It emphasizes the importance of protecting information and networks from cyber threats, especially in light of the increasing threats in the field of cybersecurity. The authors discuss the positive impact of information security systems on operations, company reputation, compliance with standards, and risk management. The text emphasizes the need for investment in cybersecurity for the successful functioning of modern organizations.
DATA MANAGMENT
Authors: Prilukova Yu.
Published: January 2025

The article examines how the implementation of information security systems affects the business processes of a company. It emphasizes the importance of protecting information and networks from cyber threats, especially in light of the increasing threats in the field of cybersecurity. The authors discuss the positive impact of information security systems on operational activities, company reputation, compliance with standards and risk management. The article considers the problem of poor-quality data in the context of modern business and society. The analysis of the causes of the problem is carried out and ways to solve it are proposed. The main reasons are the lack of a single point of obtaining reliable information, disparate data sources, insufficient consistency in the use of terms and definitions. The creation of a data management office, development of a glossary and description of a typical data life cycle are proposed.
Data-Driven at Sea: Forecasting and Revenue Management at Molslinjen
Authors: Pinson Pierre , Bjørn Mikkel , Kristiansen Simon , Nielsen Claus B. , Janerka Lasse , Skovgaard Jesper , Durhuus Kristian
Published: January 2025

Molslinjen and Halfspace have partnered to develop a state-of-the-art and bespoke forecasting and revenue management system. It led to substantial impact, both in terms of revenue and ESG criteria. The work combined technical development and change management perspectives.
Optimizing Mobility for Elderly and Disabled Dutch Citizens Using Taxis
Authors: de Ruiter Frans J. C. T. , van Rooij Johan M. M. , Hulsen Peter , Post Bart , Goes Jeroen , Teeuwen Geert , Tijink Matthijs , Verberne Bart , Bourgonjen Niels , Nienhuis Roelf , van der Poel Tjeerd , van Remortele Laurens
Published: January 2025

Operations Research solution for dial-a-ride problem. Practical operations research problem solved and implemented to optimize up to 15.000 taxi rides transporting elderly and disabled people.
Misinformation and fake news: how librarians can support healthcare assistants
Authors: Shipway Anna
Published: January 2025

In this article, the author discusses how healthcare assistants can use and work with libraries to evaluate information and guide patients through evidenced-based care.
Riding High
Authors: Wade Andrew
Published: January 2025

Electrically-powered hydrofoiling boats are making waves around the world, with new ferry services set to get underway soon in cities such as Stockholm and Auckland. The Engineer caught up with experts from three companies leading the charge to find out what's driving the boom and where the nascent segment is heading.
Teaching Introduction: Peggy Kreshel on Media Ethics
Authors: Jenkins Joanna L. , Kreshel Peggy J. , McAllister Matthew P.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Teaching Section’s contributing editors introduce the article they curated for this issue: A Conversation with Peggy Kreshel: Media Ethics, Advertising, and Pedagogy.
Sonic Branding: Enhancing Brands with Audio Design
Authors: Minsky Laurence , Fahey Colleen , Timke Edward
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This article features an interview with sonic branding experts Laurence Minsky and Colleen Fahey, who explain how audio branding shapes brand perception and consumer engagement. Fahey and Minsky discuss the structured process of creating sonic identities, highlighting enduring examples like Intel’s chime and Coca-Cola’s fizz and showcasing projects for USAA, Maybelline, and TD Bank. They emphasize sonic branding’s versatility across industries, with sound evoking brand-specific emotions and enhancing accessibility. The discussion also explores the influence of digital platforms like TikTok, the role of AI in branding, and the potential for sonic branding in the classroom, encouraging students to integrate audio elements into projects using their music and editing skills. Additionally, Fahey and Minsky address how brands can balance global and local cultural elements in sound to build a cohesive yet culturally resonant identity. They conclude by advising aspiring professionals to build a foundation in branding principles, noting that while AI can extend brand assets, authentic brand identity requires human creativity.
Material Catholic Afterlives: Archaeological Notes on Sacrality and Secondhand Shopping
Authors: Bielo James S. , Maldonado-Estrada Alyssa
Published: January 2025

Abstract: This article is an ethnographic archaeology of Catholic material culture as it circulates through secondhand economies. Via estate sales, auctions, antique shops, flea markets, thrift stores, eBay, Instagram, and Etsy, Catholiciana is bought, sold, and recontextualized for new ownership every day. In the contemporary U.S., several structural patterns—parish closures, the decline in Catholic adherence, and the death of a generation of Catholics who maintained extensive personal devotional collections—intersect to create conditions in which Catholic materials become secondhand commodities. We explore how circulation is structured by the technological affordances of devotional material; how the sensory and social histories of objects are erased through patterns of discard and partially recovered through traces of use; and, how discovered objects are presented to market publics by actors with divergent stances toward institutional Catholicism. Ultimately, we attend to Catholic objects as both devotional and disposable in order to better understand how objects pass in and out of the commodity state, their shifting valuation, their appeal to different audiences, and recalibrations of power and potency.
Table Wine Meets Cocktail Culture at Alma College: Jesuit Tradition and Post-War American Society at a California Seminary
Authors: Ross Douglas E.
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Archaeology of college campuses is a small but growing field and has contributed to understanding the role of landscape and material culture in negotiating aspects of daily life in institutional settings. However, to date little archaeological research has been conducted on Jesuit or other Catholic schools. Data from recent excavations on a domestic refuse dump at Alma College, a twentieth-century Jesuit seminary in California, offers a window into everyday material life, with a focus on alcohol consumption. Research themes highlight intersections between Jesuit traditions and patterns of early post-World War II American society, interweaving archaeological data with primary and secondary historical research on Alma College, Jesuit training, the archaeology of institutions, and American popular culture. Archaeological and archival data on alcohol consumption reveal that Alma College residents maintained core elements of Jesuit tradition, notably a predominance of wine during daily meals. However, they also embraced trends in contemporary American society, including regular consumption of beer and cocktails on special occasions.
Assessment of scattered and leakage radiation from ultra-portable X-ray systems in chest imaging: An independent study
Authors: Paulis Leonie E. , Schnerr Roald S. , Halton Jarred , Qin Zhi Zhen , Chua Arlene
Published: January 2025

Ultraportable (UP) X-ray devices are ideal to use in community-based settings, particularly for chest X-ray (CXR) screening of tuberculosis (TB). Unfortunately, there is insufficient guidance on the radiation safety of these devices. This study aims to determine the radiation dose by UP X-ray devices to both the public and radiographers compared to international dose limits. Radiation dose measurements were performed with four UP X-ray devices that met international criteria, utilizing a clinically representative CXR set-up made with a thorax phantom. Scatter and leakage radiation dose were measured at various positions surrounding the phantom and X-ray tube, respectively. These measurements were used to calculate yearly radiation doses for different scenarios based on the median of all UP X-ray devices. From the yearly scatter doses, the minimum distances from the phantom needed to stay below the international public dose limit (1 mSv/year) were calculated. This distance was longest in the direction back towards the X-ray tube and shortest to the left/right sides of the phantom, e.g., 4.5 m and 2.5 m resp. when performing 50 exams/day, at 90 kV, 2.5 mAs and source skin distance (SSD) 1 m. Additional calculations including leakage radiation were conducted at a typical radiographer position (i.e., behind the X-ray tube), with a correction factor for wearing a lead apron. At 2 m behind the X-ray tube, a radiographer wearing a lead apron could perform 106 exams/day at 2.5 mAs and 29 exams/day at 10 mAs (90 kV, SSD 1 m), while keeping his/her radiation dose below the public dose limit (1 mSv/year) and well below the radiographer dose limit (20 mSv/year). In most CXR screening scenarios, the radiation dose of UP X-ray devices can be kept below 1 mSv/year by employing basic radiation safety rules on time, distance and shielding and using appropriate CXR exposure parameters.
Detection and analysis of Serpin and RP26 specific antibodies for monitoring Schistosoma haematobium transmission
Authors: Kokubo-Tanaka Mio , Kildemoes Anna Overgaard , Chadeka Evans Asena , Cheruiyot Benard Ngetich , Moriyasu Taeko , Sassa Miho , Nakamura Risa , Kikuchi Mihoko , Fujii Yoshito , de Dood Claudia J. , Corstjens Paul L. A. M. , Kaneko Satoshi , Maruyama Haruhiko , Njenga Sammy M. , de Vrueh Remco , Hokke Cornelis Hendrik , Hamano Shinjiro
Published: January 2025

Background

Schistosoma haematobium is the causative pathogen for urogenital schistosomiasis. To achieve progress towards schistosomiasis elimination, there is a critical need for developing highly sensitive and specific tools to monitor transmission in near-elimination settings. Although antibody detection is a promising approach, it is usually unable to discriminate active infections from past ones. Moreover, crude antigens such as soluble egg antigen (SEA) show cross-reactivity with other parasitic infections, and it is difficult to formulate the standard preparations. To resolve these issues, the performances of recombinant antigens have been evaluated. The antibody responses against recombinant S. haematobium serine-protease inhibitor (ShSerpin) and RP26 were previously shown to reflect active schistosome infection in humans. Furthermore, antibody detection using multiple recombinant antigens has been reported to improve the accuracy of antibody-based assays compared to single-target assays. Therefore, we examined the performances of ShSerpin, RP26 and the mixture of these antigens for detecting S. haematobium low-intensity infection and assessed the potential for transmission monitoring.

Methodology/principal findings

We collected urine and plasma samples from school-aged children in Kwale, Kenya and evaluated S. haematobium prevalence by number of eggs in urine and worm-derived circulating anodic antigen (CAA) in plasma. Among 269 pupils, 50.2% were CAA-positive by the lateral flow test utilizing up-converting phosphor particles (UCP-LF CAA), while only 14.1% were egg-positive. IgG levels to S. haematobium SEA (ShSEA), ShSerpin, RP26, and the mixture of ShSerpin and RP26 were measured by ELISA. The mixture of ShSerpin and RP26 showed the highest sensitivity, 88.7%(125/141)among the four antigens in considering indecisive UCP-LF CAA results as negative.

Conclusion/significance

IgG detection against the ShSerpin-RP26 mixture demonstrated better sensitivity for detection of active S. haematobium infection. This recombinant antigen mixture is simpler to produce with higher reproducibility and can potentially replace ShSEA in monitoring transmission under near-elimination settings.
The QUIC-SP: A Spanish language tool assessing unpredictability in early life is linked to physical and mental health
Authors: Liu Sabrina R. , Bailey Natasha A. , Romero-González Sara , Moors Amy , Campos Belinda , Davis Elysia Poggi , Glynn Laura M.
Published: January 2025

Accumulating evidence indicates that unpredictable signals in early life represent a unique form of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) associated with disrupted neurodevelopmental trajectories in children and adolescents. The Questionnaire of Unpredictability in Childhood (QUIC) was developed to assess early life unpredictability [1], encompassing social, emotional, and physical unpredictability in a child’s environment, and has been validated in three independent cohorts. However, the importance of identifying ACEs in diverse populations, including non-English speaking groups, necessitates translation of the QUIC. The current study aims to translate and validate a Spanish language version of the QUIC (QUIC-SP) and assess its associations with mental and physical health. Spanish-speaking participants (N = 285) were recruited via the online market crowdsourcing platform, Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), and completed an online survey that included the QUIC-SP and validated Spanish language assessments of physical and mental health. The QUIC-SP demonstrated excellent psychometric properties and similar mean scores, endorsement rates, and internal reliability to the English language version, thus establishing its validity among Spanish-speaking adults. Higher QUIC-SP scores, indicating greater unpredictability in early life, predicted increased symptoms of anxiety, anhedonia, depression, and poorer physical health. Given significant racial and ethnic disparities in health, the QUIC-SP may serve as a valuable tool to address the public health consequences of ACEs among Spanish-speaking populations.
Understanding emotional and health indicators underlying the burnout risk of healthcare workers
Authors: Güveyi Elçin , Elvin Garry , Kennedy Angela , Kurt Zeyneb , Sice Petia , Patel Paras , Dubruel Antoinette , Heckels Drummond
Published: January 2025

Burnout of healthcare workers is of increasing concern as workload pressures mount. Burnout is usually conceptualised as resulting from external pressures rather than internal resilience and although is not a diagnosable condition, it is related to help seeking for its psychological sequelae. To understand how staff support services can intervene with staff heading for burnout, it is important to understand what other intrapsychic factors are related to it. A diary tool was used by staff in a region of England to self-monitor their wellbeing over time. The tool explores many areas of mental health and wellbeing and enabled regression analysis to predict which of the various factors provided the strongest indicators of burnout. Using a multiple linear regression model, burnout was found to be most associated with depression, receptiveness, mental wellbeing, and connectedness (p<0.05). It was also shown that 71% of the variance present in the response variable, i.e. burnout, explained by independent variables. Both the Spearman Rank Correlation and the Variance Inflation Factor methods found no evidence for multicollinearity in our regression models. We showed how burnout can be explained using a handful of factors including emotional and mental health indicators. The findings suggest a simple set of indicators can predict burnout and could be used for screening. The data suggests attention to four factors around social safeness, grounding and care in the self, hope and meaning, and having sufficient energy could form the basis of wellbeing programs.
Randomized clinical trial of ICECaP (Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia): Primary mental health and burden outcomes
Authors: Gallagher Virginia T. , Arp Anna , Thompson Ryan , Rossetti M. Agustina , Patrie James , Reilly Shannon E. , Manning Carol
Published: January 2025

We examine the efficacy of the Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia (ICECaP), an intervention that involves one-on-one individualized support from a dementia care coordinator for a dementia care partner, compared to an active control group. At least once monthly contact is made from a dementia care coordinator to the dementia care partner by telephone, video conferencing, email, or in-person support at clinical visits for the person with dementia. In this pilot randomized unblinded control trial of ICECaP, n = 61 (n = 90 randomized) care partners completed 12-months of the ICECaP intervention and n = 69 (n = 92 randomized) care partners received routine clinical support (controls) in an outpatient memory care clinic at an academic medical center, from which the participants were recruited. Early termination endpoints (death and higher level of care) and trial drop out were comparable across groups. Primary efficacy outcomes were evaluated by comparing changes in care partner mental health, burden, and quality of life from baseline to 12-months between ICECaP and controls. Linear mixed-effects model with covariate adjustment revealed no significant group differences in longitudinal changes on measures of caregiving burden, care partner depression, anxiety, quality of life, or reactions to the behavioral symptoms of the person with dementia. Hypothesized reasons for lack of initial efficacy on primary 12-month outcomes are discussed.
Trace elements in fish species from the Punjnad headworks: Bioaccumulation and human health risk assessment
Authors: Naz Saima , Ullah Qudrat , Fouad Dalia , Qadeer Abdul , Lateef Maria , Hassan Muhammad Waqar , Chatha Ahmad Manan Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Aquatic toxicology, as a result of industrial and agrieqcultural effluences, has become a global concern impacting not only the well-being of aquatic organisms but human health as well. The current study evaluated the impact of four toxic trace elements (TTEs) Cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) in three organs (liver, gills, and muscles) of five fish species viz, Rita rita, Sperata sarwari, Wallago attu, Mastacembelus armatus, and Cirrhinus mrigala collected from right and left banks of Punjnad headworks during winter, spring, and summer. We investigated the accumulation (mg/kg) of these TTEs in fish in addition to the human health risk assessment. The obtained results showed that W. attu accumulated significantly more TTEs (p < 0.00) as compared to other fish. Among seasons, summer had significantly more (p < 0.00) accumulation of TTEs than other seasons. Lead (Pb) accumulation was highest across TTEs in fish liver as compared to gills and muscles. The right bank showed higher accumulation (p < 0.00) of all TTEs in all fish species compared to the left bank. The human health risk assessment showed that Cd and Pb had higher exposure levels than Cu and Ni. Furthermore, the THQ was in the order of Cd > Pb > Ni > Cu. All fish species had THQ 1 for Cd and Pb and TTHQ > 1 for all fish. MPI index showed moderate to high levels of TTE contamination in all fish species. The study concluded that the right bank has higher metal accumulation than the left bank. However, fish consumption from both study sites was unsafe for human consumption. Further studies are required to evaluate the contamination of other trace elements in the aquatic ecosystem of the current site. This study will be useful for policymakers and the water department to take necessary counteractions to reduce the impact of TTEs at the study site.
Dual RNA-seq reveals transcriptome changes during Fusarium virguliforme-Trichoderma afroharzianum interactions
Authors: Pimentel Mirian F. , Rocha Leonardo F. , Subedi Arjun , Bond Jason P. , Fakhoury Ahmad M.
Published: January 2025

Trichoderma spp. are among the most studied biocontrol agents. While extensive work has been done to understand Trichoderma antagonistic mechanisms, additional research is needed to fully understand how Trichoderma spp. recognize the pathogen-host and the intra-species variability i frequently observed upon interaction with a specific pathogen-host. This study focuses on elucidating the mechanisms underlying observed phenotypic differences among the T. afroharzianum isolates Th19A and Th4 during confrontation with Fusarium virguliforme by investigating differences in their transcriptome at different stages of interaction. In a dual plate assay, Th19A overgrows F. virguliforme, whereas Th4 forms an inhibition zone. Significant differences were observed in the F. virguliforme transcriptome upon interaction with Th19A compared to Th4 and across the different stages of interaction. GO molecular function categories enriched for F. virguliforme genes differed, indicating possible transcriptional plasticity upon interaction with Th19A versus Th4. Significant transcriptome changes were also observed in T. afroharzianum, with several differences in GO-enriched categories between isolates. Several differentially expressed genes-encoding secreted proteins, including CAZymes and CBM1-domain-containing proteins, were up-regulated in Th19A and Th4 upon interaction with the pathogen, even before physical contact, demonstrating possible volatile-mediated recognition of both isolates by F. virguliforme. This study contributes to a better understanding of the interaction between T. afroharzianum and F. virguliforme, which is crucial for developing efficient biological control programs.
Analysis of the effect of joint roughness on the failure mechanism of jointed rock mass under direct shear loading
Authors: Wang Zhongxing , Liu Yuanming
Published: January 2025

The mechanical properties of jointed rock bodies are important in guiding engineering design and construction. Using the particle flow software PFC2D, we conducted direct shear test simulations on joints with various inclinations and five different roughness levels to examine the models’ crack extension penetration paths, damage modes, and strength characteristics. The findings indicate that the direction of the joint influences the pattern of the rock crack and its penetration route. Under forward shear, the rock bridge creates a notched through surface, whereas under reverse shear it creates two adjacent through surfaces, categorised into four types of crack consolidation between joints with different inclinations: ‘end to end’, ‘the end is connected to the middle’, ‘end connection’, ‘first outward expansion and then rock bridge destruction’. Variations in joint inclination and roughness can alter the mechanical properties and damage patterns of joint specimens. The ‘climbing’ and ‘gnawing’ effects determine the peak shear strength of the rock body at the joint section. It is vital to consider these factors when assessing the joint’s characteristics. The damage effect is determined by the joint inclination and joint roughness. When the main damage effect changes from ‘creeping’ slip to ‘gnawing’ damage, increasing joint roughness enhances the shear strength. Nevertheless, under the same ‘gnawing’ damage effect, augmenting joint roughness weakens the mechanical properties of the rock bridge, and as roughness increases, the shear strength decreases. For example, at a joint inclination of 30°, the shear strength increases by 20.1% as the JRC (Joint Roughness Coefficient) increases from 0 to 5. At a joint inclination of 60°, the shear strength decreases by 10.7% as the JRC increases from 0 to 10.