bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified SIR Compartmental Epidemic Model with Social Distancing and Hospital Saturation Applied to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Instituto Federal de Educaç ao, Ciência e Tecnologia de S ao Paulo, da Silva V. R. ,   Instituto Federal de Educaç ao, Ciência e Tecnologia de S ao Paulo, Menin O. H.
Published: October 2021

The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 in the first months of 2020 overburdened health systems worldwide. The absence of vaccines led public authorities to respond to the pandemic by adopting nonpharmaceutical interventions, mainly social distancing policies. Yet concerns have been raised on the economic impact of such measures. Considering the impracticability of conducting controlled experiments to assess the effectiveness of such interventions, mathematical models have played an essential role in helping decision makers. Here we present a simple modified SIR (susceptible-infectious-recovered) model that includes social distancing and two extra compartments (hospitalized and dead due to the disease). Our model also incorporates the potential increase in the mortality rate due to the health system saturation. Results from numerical experiments corroborate the striking role of social distancing policies in lowering and delaying the epidemic peak, thus reducing the demand for intensive health care and the overall mortality. We also probed into optimal social distancing policies that avoid the health system saturation and minimize the economic downturn.
DNA Damage Induced Cellular Senescence and It’s PTEN Armed Exosomes - The Warriors Against Prostate Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Karmakar Parimal , Chowdhury Sougata Ghosh , Ray Rachayeeta , Bhattacharya Debalina
Published: October 2021

Exosomes are one type of small extracellular vesicles having a size range of 30–150 nm and secreted by the endosomal compartment of most eukaryotic cells. It has been found that exosomes can serve as a communicating vehicle to transfer information among cells and thus can be associated with numerous physiological and pathological functions. In this study, we have isolated exosomes from two different human cancer cell lines. Isolated exosomes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, DLS and by western blotting. It was observed that exosomes isolated from mock treated human lung epithelial carcinoma (A549) cells or Hela cells exerted growth arrest to the human prostate carcinoma (PC3) cells, but no growth arrest was observed in case of normal human lung fibroblast cell line (WI38). Additionally, exosomes isolated from PC3 cells have no effect on PC3 cells. This is also true for exosomes isolated from H2O2 induced senescent human lung cancer cells (A549). Analysis of exosome content by western blotting reveals the presence of PTEN in the exosome of lung cancer cells. Functional analysis of PTEN pathways in PC3 cells indicates the inactivation of Akt in exosome treated cells. Therefore, from our study we have concluded that exosomes secreted from A549 cells which contain functional PTEN, may be used for delivery of PTEN to cancer cells without functional PTEN.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Endometrial Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zheng Xing , Hou XiaoYing , Wang Qing , Zhang Ying
Published: October 2021

Background: Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading reason of morbidity and mortality in endometrial cancer patients. There is no meta-analysis available on this topic so far. In order to identify relevant risk factors contributing to VTE and form strategies to prevent VTE, we conducted the present study to quantitatively analyze the data from studies with the incidence and risk factors among cases with endometrial cancer.Methods: PubMed, Embase and CNKI were searched for papers containing the key words “thromboembolism” “endometrial cancer” and their variants. Studies selection, data extraction, quality assessment of eligible studies were performed independently by two reviewers. Meta-analyses were conducted to determine postoperative VTE incidence rate and risk factors in endometrial cancer. Sensitivity analysis was used to verify the robustness of the results in the present study.Results: 8 studies were included in this meta-analysis totally. The pooled incidence rate for postoperative VTE was 7% (95% CI, 0.04 –0.09).The presence of age>60 (OR, 2.26), tumor size in uterine cavity(＞60mm) (OR, 5.68), tumor extension (CT/MRI) (OR, 5.59), FIGO stage (OR, 2.92), massive ascites (OR, 3.78), clear cell cancer (OR, 4.78) and CA125(＞35U/ml) (OR, 5.05) increase the likelihood of having postoperative VTE remarkably. Conclusions: The present study revealed that VTE is a prevalent complication in postoperative patients with endometrial cancer. The patients with the following risk factor including female elderly, large size of tumor, advanced endometrial cancer，massive ascites , elevated CA125 and special histology should be altered VTE occurrence.
Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes and their potentially interacting miRNAs in oral lichen planus
Authors: Zhang Churen , Sun Ruoran
Published: October 2021

Background. Among the diseases of oral mucosa, oral lichen planus (OLP) is characterized by chronic autoimmune/autoinflammation. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of OLP were still limited. The aim of this research was to identify the differentially expressed genes and their potentially interacted miRNAs in OLP to provide a possible explanation of the pathogenesis of OLP and therapeutic biomarkers.Methods. The OLP microarray dataset (GSE52130) was download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. R software was used to identify differentially expressed genes between the OLP samples and normal oral mucosa. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, were conducted. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed in the STRING database. CytoHubba in the Cytoscape software was applied to determining the top 10 hub genes, whose relative miRNA was identified through RNA Interactome Database.Results. Overall, 627 DEGs was identified in OLP samples, including 351 highly expressed genes and 276 lowly expressed genes. GO analysis indicated that the epidermal differentiation was mostly enriched. For the KEGG pathway, the DEGs in OLP samples were mostly involved in Staphylococcus aureus infection, Estrogen signaling pathway, Serotonergic synapse and Histidine metabolism. Top 10 hub genes including LOR, LCE3D, LCE3E, LCE1B, LCE2B, SPRR2E, SPRR2G, LCE2A, RPTN and CDSN were identified from the PPI network. The miRNA (hsa-miR-98-5p) was regarded as the mostly possible miRNA involved in OLP.
LncRNA-ENST00000543604 Exerts a Tumor-Promoting Effect via miRNA 564/AEG1 or ZNF326/EMT and Predicts The Prognosis of and Chemotherapeutic Effect in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Weimin , Zhou Zhen , Dai Xiaojun , Wang Haibo , Jin Jun , Min Ke , Wang Yunfan , Lv Mengying , Liu Yanqing , Zhou Yan
Published: October 2021

Background:Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor. Recent studies have found that lncRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.Methods:Based on high-throughput sequencing results of fresh CRC tissues and adjacent tissues, we identified lncRNA-ENST00000543604 (lncRNA 604) as the research object by qRT-PCR in CRC tissues and cells. The FISH method was used to detect the location of lncRNA 604 in cells, and its expression was detected on a tissue chip. We explored the mechanism of lncRNA 604 action by using luciferin reporter, qRT-PCR and Western blot assays. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and a Cox regression model were used to analyze the correlation of lncRNA 604 and its regulatory molecules with the prognosis of and chemotherapy efficacy in CRC patients.Results:In this study, we found that the expression levels of lncRNA 604 were increased in CRC. LncRNA 604 could promote CRC cell proliferation and metastasis through the miRNA 564/AEG-1 or ZNF326/EMT signaling axis in vivo and in vitro. LncRNA 604 could predict the prognosis of CRC and was an independent negative factor. LncRNA 604 exerted a synergistic effect with miRNA 564 or ZNF326 on the prognosis of CRC. LncRNA 604 could improve chemoresistance by increasing the expression of AEG-1, NF-κB, and ERCC1.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that lncRNA 604 could promote the progression of CRC via the lncRNA 604/miRNA 564/AEG-1/EMT or lncRNA 604/ZNF326/EMT signaling axis. LncRNA 604 is an independent and effective molecule for predicting the prognosis of CRC. LncRNA 604 could improve chemoresistance by increasing drug resistance protein expression.
Blue-Light Transmittance In Sunglasses Over Long-Term Irradiation Within A Solar Simulator
Authors: Masili Mauro , Duarte Fernanda Oliveira , Ventura Liliane
Published: October 2021

Blue-light transmittance in sunglasses plays an important role for the consumer regarding eye health. Current standards do not have specific requirements for blue-light protection, as in the past. However, the literature has warned about the potential harms of blue light for the eye. The limits imposed in the past state that the average transmission in the 380 nm to 500 nm region should not exceed 1.2X the transmittance in the visible range (380 nm – 780 nm). This work investigates, besides the transmittance of blue light in sunglasses, whether those limits imposed aiming to eye health are respected. Additionally, this study examines the blue-light transmittances pre- and post-artificially aging the material in a solar simulator. Twelve samples of sunglasses were tested for compliance with a former standard and submitted to the aging process up to 2500 h within the solar simulator. The results showed relevant changes in the lenses over time, that is, they considerably lost their blue-light attenuation capabilities. The results suggest that the aging test should be carried out on sunglasses not only for ultraviolet radiation, as required by most standards, but also for blue light. Furthermore, the standards should comprise some constraints concerning the blue-light attenuation.
Pembelajaran Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Bilangan Dua Digit secara Simultan untuk Mengembangkan Intuisi Bilangan Siswa
Authors: Apsari Ratih Ayu , Sariyasa Sariyasa , Suharta I Gusti Putu , Baidowi Baidowi , Triutami Tabita Wahyu
Published: October 2021

The learning of addition and subtraction that usually be done in sequence impact students’ tendency to separate type of the strategies employ to solve the related problems. In fact, there are a number of situations that can be observed and solved through both lenses. Therefore, in this study we designed a simultaneous addition and subtraction of two-digit numbers learning trajectory. The learning activities were constructed based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Approach. This design study was conducted in three steps consist of preliminary study, teaching experiments, and retrospective analysis. The teaching experiments were done in two cycle, the first was done with four students and the second was done with 33 students in two classes of an elementary school located in Singaraja, Bali. The data related to number sense ability were gathered from observation and students’ written work in solving worksheet and post-test. The collected data were analyzed using constant comparative method. From the results, we found that a simultaneous learning of two-digit numbers addition and subtraction were effectively develop the students’ number sense and encourage the students to develop efficient counting strategies.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Geometri Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Aceh
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Wahidah Wahidah , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: October 2021

The results of observations on April 15, 2019, at SMP Negeri 1 Peureulak, East Aceh District, and the 2017/2018 National Examinations showed that students experienced difficulties in geometry, so there was a need for teaching materials in the form of LAS (Student Activity Sheets). This development aims to determine that teaching materials in the form of LAS based on Acehnese local wisdom are valid, practical, and effective, and also determine student learning outcomes. This research is a development research using the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The subject of the trial in this study was grade VII-1 students of SMP Negeri 1 Peureulak, East Aceh District. Questionnaires, observations, interviews, and tests are used as data collection techniques and instruments in this research. The data analysis in this study is descriptive analysis using the preparation/development of the LAS product variable and the resulting LAS quality variable. As for student learning outcomes in using LAS can be seen from the results of the LAS analysis, which includes student learning outcomes as one of the effectiveness aspect of LAS and test data on learning outcomes. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the teaching materials in the form of LAS based on Acehnese local wisdom in mathematics learning especially geometry material in Junior High Schools are categorized as valid, practical, and effective. Student learning outcomes using the LAS have a mastery score with a score of 86.43.
Proses Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Menengah Pertama dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Lingkaran
Authors: Hendrawati Novita Erni , Susanti Elly , Turmudi Turmudi
Published: October 2021

Problem-solving abilities have an important role in learning, especially in solving math problems, one of which is in circle material. This study aims to describe the mathematics problem solving process of junior high school students in solving circle problems through the process of solving problems in IDEAL. The approach used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling technique. The results showed that, based on the problem-solving process, each subject had a different problem-solving process. S-1 with the category of completely solving problems fulfills the indicators in solving IDEAL problems. S-2 with the category of correct but not perfect does not yet fulfill the IDEAL problem-solving process. S-2 experienced errors when exploring the strategy and implementing the first problem strategy so that the final result was not in accordance with the objectives of the first problem. S-3 with the category of imperfect does not yet fulfill the IDEAL problem-solving process. S-3 only fulfills one IDEAL problem solving indicators, implementing strategies. However, the problem-solving process carried out by S-3 is not exactly in accordance with the objectives of the first and second problems.
Nanocomposite Obtained in the Plasma of a Pulsed High Voltage Discharge Using Nickel Electrodes and PTFE
Authors: Kuryavyi Valerii Georgievich , Zverev Grigorii Aleksandrovich , Tkachenko Ivan Anatol'evich , Slobodyuk Arseny Borisovich , Gerasimenko Andrei Vladimirovich , Ustinov Aleksandr Yur'evich , Bouznik Vjacheslav Mihajlovich
Published: October 2021

In the plasma of pulsed high-voltage discharge, initiated between nickel electrodes in air, when the fluoroplastic is placed in the discharge gap, powder nanocomposite material has been synthesized. The nanocomposite contains NiF2 nanoparticles less than 5 nm in size, dispersed in a matrix consisting of carbon and fluorocarbon substances. The carbonaceous substance contains nanoscale disordered graphite-like regions. The fluorocarbon component of the composite contains fragments of PTFE molecules and fluorocarbon molecular fragments that differ in structure from PTFE molecule’s structure. After annealing the composite in air at 773 K, the initial nanocomposite is transformed into a nanocomposite containing nanosized PTFE and nanoparticles of NiF2 less than 5 nm in size, scattered in a matrix composed of nanographite and low-layer nanosized graphene, after aneling at 1173 K into a material containing NiO nanoparticles less than 10 nm in size.  After annealing of the initial nanocomposite in argon atmosphere at 1073 K, the obtained nanocomposite contains Ni nanoparticles with sizes less than 5 nm and carbon and fluorocarbon components. The magnetic susceptibility of the unannealed nanocomposite is investigated. A transition to the antiferromagnetic phase at 73 K was detected. At T = 4K, exchange bias interaction of the AFM / FM type takes place in the composite. There is divergence of the FC and ZFC curves, which can be explained by the presence of a superparamagnetic phase or a spin glass phase in the sample. The field dependences of the magnetic susceptibility measured at T = 300 K show sharp changes that occur at certain values of the magnetic field. Elucidation of the nature of these changes requires additional research.
Results of the 20-year period of functioning of the Federal Databank on the natural radiation doses to the population of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kormanovskaya T. A. , Akhmatdinov R. R. , Gorskiy G. A.
Published: October 2021

This study is focused on the analysis of the results of the functioning of the Federal Databank on the doses to the public of the Russian Federation from natural and man-made modified radiation background as a part of Joint governmental system of control and accounting of the doses from ionizing exposure in 2001-2020. The mean individual annual effective dose of the public of the Russian Federation from natural sources of ionizing exposure, calculated based on the data from all measurements in 2001-2020, is equal to 3,36 mSv/year. The study includes the analysis of the problems and perspectives of the improvement of the system of the data collection on the levels of exposure of the public of the Russian Federation from natural sources.
Prognostic assessment of lung cancer risk under combined action of radon and smoking using an additive-multiplicative risk model
Authors: Zhukovsky M. V. , Yarmoshenko I. V. , Onishchenko A. D. , Malinovsky G. P.
Published: October 2021

An application of geometric mixed additive-multiplicative models for lung cancer risk modeling under combined action of radon and smoking is justified in this paper. The geometric mixed model allows: 1) to reduce the discrepancies between estimates of the lung cancer risk for males and females, 2) to predict the population risk under condition of the varying smoking prevalence and changing average indoor radon concentration level. Using the geometric mixed model, the calculation of the lung cancer risks for the Russian Federation population was carried out for different percentages of smokers among the population, an increase in life expectancy, and a change in the average radon concentration level in residential buildings. Assuming that currently rounded average indoor radon concentration in Russia is 50 Bq/m3, the contribution of radon to total mortality in 2009 was 0.46% and 0.20% for male and female, respectively. Modeling has shown that the effect of lung cancer mortality reducing due to the predicted decrease in the proportion of smoking population will partly be offset by an increase in the realization of lung cancer risk with the life expectancy increase. For a hypothetical situation, when the entire population maintain a healthy lifestyle and mortality from cardiovascular, oncological, infectious diseases, diseases of the respiratory tract and from external causes has significantly decreased, the contribution of radon exposure to total mortality will increase to about 0.8%. If the average level of radon in buildings will increase due to energy-efficient technologies widespread implementation in building construction, the contribution of radon to total mortality will be even more noticeable.
Breast cancer incidence risk in accidentally exposed persons of the Southern Urals
Authors: Krestinina L. Yu. , Mikryukova L. D. , Shalaginov S. A. , Silkin S. S. , Epifanova S. B. , Akleyev A. V.
Published: October 2021

The objective of the paper is to assess the breast cancer incidence risk in the Ural cohort of accidentally exposed population. The cohort of people exposed in the Southern Urals on the Techa River and in the East Ural Radioactive Trace was created in 2018. This is the first time that breast cancer risk analysis in women in this cohort is being carried out. Over the period from 1956 to 2018, 337breast cancer cases and 741,533person-years at risk were reported in the female subcohort in the incidence catchment area. Mean accumulated dose to the mammary gland, calculated using the TRDS-2016 dosimetry system, was 46 mGy, the maximum dose was 1 Gy. Regression analysis was performed using the EPICURE software package. Statistical significance with 95% probability was assessed by the maximum likelihood method. As a result of the analysis, a statistically significant linear dependence of breast cancer parameters on the dose was obtained. Excess relative risk for the follow-up period from 1956 through 2018 for members of the female subcohort with a 5-year latency period was 2.39 / Gy. The paper also discusses the impact of available for analyses non-radiation factors on both baseline rates of breast cancer incidence and those associated with radiation exposure. These results do not contradict those obtained in the previous study in the Techa River Cohort separately, and in the Japanese L SS cohort of atomic bomb survivors.
PRINCIPIOS DE LA INTERVENCIÓN PSICOPEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Martínez Dueñas Mariel  Sarai
Published: October 2021

Sin lugar a dudas, la intervención psicopedagógica debe ser el primer tema de estudio para cualquier persona medianamente interesada en la función orientadora como una rama de la acción pedagógica —independientemente del tipo de orientación 2que se realice—, pues ofrece los elementos al menos teóricos que fundamentan toda la labor de un orientador.
EL DÉFICIT LINGÜÍSTICO EN EL JOVEN POSMODERNO
Authors: Galbán Lozano Sara Elvira , Saúl Gavito Fabiola E.
Published: October 2021

LA ÉPOCA POSMODERNA, CON SUS CARACTERÍSTICAS PARTICULARES, HAtraído retos que han de resolverse desde las distintas ciencias. LaPedagogía no es la excepción, pues aunque el hombre en esenciasigue siendo el mismo, actualmente está inmerso en una serie desituaciones específicas: es el caso del déficit lingüístico, en dondepredomina el uso precario de la lengua, existe una falta de contenidoen aquello que se comunica y una limitación en el bagaje léxico.Esto ocasiona la pérdida o al menos la merma de la facultad lingüística,y por ende, la riqueza del alma, pues es mediante el lenguajeque el hombre se comunica con el exterior y, expresándose a sí mismo,expresa su ser de persona.
COUNSELING. UNA PERSPECTIVA SISTÉMICA Y ECOLÓGICA
Authors: López Bátiz Mónica
Published: October 2021

La perspectiva sistémica-ecológica del counseling, es el resultado de un análisis, discusión e integración entre los fundamentos filosóficos y antropológicos que aporta la educación familiar y los fundamentos epistemológicos que sustentan a la psicoterapia breve sistémica.

La educación familiar es un proceso de perfeccionamiento humano, que influye en todos los ámbitos de la vida del ser humano; su objeto de estudio es el perfeccionamiento de la persona desde y en la familia para alcanzar su plenitud.

La psicoterapia sistémica e una rama de la psicología aplicada que toma como fundamento a la Teoría General de los Sistemas (TGS) y a la cibernética para explicar la mente y la conducta humanas.

El objetivo de esta nota es aportar una perspectiva para integrar un estilo de counseling sistémico-ecológico. Se puntualizan los alcances, fines, principios, contenidos, recursos y las estrategias; así como algunas recomendaciones para
Hajj Financial Management in the Maqāṣid Sharī’ah Perspective
Authors: Alfiyanti Ulfah , Firdaus Achmad , Fatah Dede Abdul
Published: October 2021

This paper analyzes the management of the pilgrimage fund to the concept of Islamic wealth management and the management of the pilgrimage fund and its compliance with the maqāṣid al-sharī'ah. The first is done by analyzing the management of hajj funds by BPKH on the management of Islamic wealth. The second is done through interviews with academics, regulators, experts and practitioners. Descriptive processing is done through Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing (SAST). The analysis is done by selecting the 'important' and 'definite' variables. The results showed that the determinants of Hajj fund management according to Islamic wealth management were contracts, zakat and transparency. Hajj fund management policies for the protection of religion, including the setting of a fair and transparent haj quota, building infrastructure facilities for the pilgrimage, ensuring terms and conditions Life protection through the use of halal vaccines, providing and funding Hajj monitors, improving catering, lodging, transportation and health services and providing congregational data to the Ministry of Health. Protection of reason through improving the quality of rituals. Protection of assets through transparency in the management of hajj funds, direct investment in harmony with sharia, and management of hajj funds in Islamic banking.
Injeksi Sendi Gleno-Humeral dan Bursa Subacromial disertai Blok Saraf Suprascapularis dengan Pulsed Radiofrequency pada Pasien dengan Nyeri Bahu Akibat Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors:   Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan - Siloam Hospitals, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia, Mulyawan Erwin , Wijono Antonius H ,   Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan - Siloam Hospitals, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Adhesive capsulitis adalah kondisi bahu dimana terdapat pengurangan range-of-motion (ROM) aktif dan pasif secara bertahap dan sakit pada semua bidang pergerakan sendi glenohumeral yang disebabkan oleh adanya fibrosis dan kontraktur. Kondisi ini terjadi sekitar 2% hingga 5% dari populasi umum, sering terjadi pada wanita berusia antara 40 dan 60 tahun. Pengobatan awal nyeri dan disabilitas fungsional adhesive capsulitis bahu antara lain kombinasi obat nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) dan terapi fisik. Pasien yang tidak respon terhadap pengobatan tersebut, dapat diberikan teknik intervensi. Manajemen intervensi untuk adhesive capsulitis dapat berupa injeksi kortikosteroid intra-artikular, injeksi bursa subacromial, atau blok saraf suprascapularis dengan pulsed radiofrequency (PRF). Pada laporan kasus ini, akan dibahas pasien wanita berusia 60 tahun dengan adhesive capsulitis yang menjalani prosedur injeksi kortikosteroid sendi gleno-humeral dan bursa subacromial serta PRF saraf suprascapularis.
Tatalaksana Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection (CRBI) di Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Authors:   Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya/ RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang, Indonesia, Adipurna Resa Putra , Fatoni Arie Zainul ,   Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya/ RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar, Malang, Indonesia
Published: October 2021

Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBI) didefinisikan sebagai adanya bakteremia yang berasal dari kateter intravaskular. CRBI adalah masalah iatrogenik yang menyebabkan morbiditas, mortalitas, lama rawat inap yang berlebih, dan biaya berlebih. Diagnosis yang akurat dapat ditegakkan berdasarkan biakan spesimen darah dan kateter yang dikumpulkan dengan tepat. Panduan berbasis bukti tersedia untuk menginformasikan pengobatan antibiotik dan manajemen kateter ketika infeksi terjadi. Risiko CRBI dapat dikurangi dengan mengoptimalkan pemilihan, penyisipan dan pemeliharaan kateter, dan dengan melepas kateter saat tidak diperlukan lagi.
Unusual Record of Nocturnal Activity of the Critically Endangered Atelopus varius at Protected Zone Las Tablas, Costa Rica
Authors: Gomez Hoyos Diego Alejandro
Published: October 2021

Atelopus varius is a critically endangered species distributed in Costa Rica and Panama. It has diurnal activity and at night it rests on vegetation or in crevices, with no apparent nocturnal activity. Herein, we report an unusual nocturnal activity for the species at Las Tablas Protected Zone, Costa Rica; we observed an individual on an herbaceous plant at night, performing slow movements while feeding on ants. Despite A. varius being one of the most well-known species of the genera, there are still poorly studied aspects of its natural history. Therefore, we propose to lead research efforts on the nocturnal behaviour of A. varius, with the purpose of filling knowledge gaps for this important species of conservation concern.
Borrelia spp. ASOCIADAS CON ANFIBIOS Y REPTILES
Authors: Colunga-Salas Pablo Francisco , Betancur-Garcés Y. Camilo , Ochoa-Ochoa Leticia M. , Guzmán-Cornejo Carmen , Sánchez-Montes Sokani , Becker Ingeborg
Published: October 2021

El género Borrelia es un grupo de bacterias helicoidales el cual está divide filogenéticamente en tres clados principales, el que comprende a las borrelias asociadas con reptiles, el que incluye al agente causal de la Fiebre Recurrente y el grupo de Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. Dada la importancia de las borrelias como agentes patógenos, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue recopilar la información existente hasta el 2017 acerca de las borrelias detectadas en los reptiles y sus garrapatas asociadas. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica exhaustiva. Se encontró un total de 26 artículos publicados. Un total de 20 especies de reptiles y anfibios han sido registradas como potenciales hospederos de Borrelia, destaca el orden Squamata con 17 especies, seguido por el orden Testudines con tres especies positivas para alguna especie de Borrelia. Asociados con los reptiles, se encontraron 11 especies de garrapatas duras (7 Amblyomma, 3 Ixodes, 1 de Dermacentor y 1 Hyalomma) positivas con al menos una especie de Borrelia. Los principales estudios en los cuales se han obtenido evidencias acerca de la presencia de Borrelia en reptiles se concentran en la zona centro de Europa, Portugal, Japón, Túnez, así como en el Este y Oeste de E.U.A. Con estos resultados, se mantiene la posibilidad de que este grupo de vertebrados como hospederos competentes que participan en el mantenimiento del ciclo selvático para algunas especies de Borrelia. Finalmente, consideramos necesario formar grupos interdisciplinarios para aumentar los estudios sobre las relaciones entre reptiles, sus ectoparásitos asociados y patógenos, con el fin de generar conocimiento que pueda ser de ayuda para la vigilancia epidemiológica en fauna silvestre y su relación con casos humanos.
ADDITIONAL BELTS OF CHORA TOWER OF CHERSONESSOS: FORTIFICATION OR ANTISEISMIC?
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University (Russia), Grigorev A.M.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the question of the appointment of additional belts, which were erected on the sites of Chersonesos Chora in the III-II centuries BC. In ordinary sense, these architectural elements served to strengthen the walls and towers, however, for today in Russian historiography there is no consensus about the reasons and purpose of such strengthening. Almost all of researchers, who have addressed this case, agree with on their “anti-ram” (ie fortification) or anti-seismic purpose. In connection with the significant accumulation of archaeological data both in Russia and abroad, it seems possible to consider this architectural phenomenon in a wider time and geographical framework, as well as to attach some facts that may indicate other reasons for the emergence these architectural elements. This research based on the consideration of analogies to the studied architectural objects - construction remains similar in design, recorded in the territory of the Eastern Crimea. Thus, the expanded geography and chronology of the architectural phenomenon allows one to obtain new theoretical generalizations.
HISTORY OF THE FORMATION AUSTRALIAN ENCYCLOPAEDIA
Authors:   State autonomous institution of science of the Republic of Bashkortostan Bashkir encyclopedia (Russia), Latypov B.N.
Published: October 2021

This article is about the history of the origin and the period of preparation of the Australian encyclopaedia at the beginning of the XX century. The study based on various sources are attempt to explore the many years of experience of Australian encyclopedists in creating Australian encyclopaedia. During the study it was analyzed data of preparation the first and second editions. Under review of the first edition it was shown the editors job of Arthur Wilberforce Jose and Herbert James Carter. This study explored the experience of encyclopaedia and it was revealed that compilers of encyclopaedia paid special consideration to the choice criteria of biographies and dominating value were Australian origin, and also compilers showed that the Australian nation to be seen as being closely bound to nature. As a result of the conducted research it was shown the main sections of encyclopaedia, number of author’s articles and illustrations. Here are some examples of interesting articles about «drama», «pigs», «music», and «bread», which reflects the essence of the people of Australia. It was studied the labor activity of the second edition encyclopaedia’s editor in chief, Alec Chisholm, also revealed and reviewed the article «aborigines» which was widely acclaimed as the best ever published on the second edition. It is concluded that the formation of the Australian encyclopaedia associated with the emergence of statehood in the Commonwealth of Australia. The birth of a nation and the adoption of the Constitution led to the idea of creating a national Australian encyclopaedia.
Materiality, Oral Incantations and Supernatural Agency in Ancient Healing Magic
Authors: Marco Simón Francisco
Published: October 2021

In the Ancient World illness was thought to be the effect not of accidental or natural causes, but rather the result of a negative agency, an external attack on the victim’s body. This paper focuses on the diverse strategies used in healing magic attested in the material and textual records from the ancient Near East to Late Antiquity, with special attention paid to how the cultural status of objects and substances was changed through ritual, a process that, along with the invocations of demons and gods, allowed objects to acquire agency to counterattack the harm inflicted on the victim’s body.
Precatio Terrae y la Precatio omnium herbarum a un texto inacabado: las precationes herbarum de un recetario médico tardoantiguo
Authors: Ferraces Rodríguez Arsenio
Published: October 2021

The Curae herbarum is a late antique medical recipe book made up of 64 chapters; it is mostly based on a Latin translation of the De materia medica by Dioscorides. Chapters 1–32 always end with a precatio to the plant so that it ‘comes with all its healing powers’. The article argues for an erudite origin for the precationes of the Curae herbarum, which borrow epithets, phraseology, and verbs of entreaty from the Precatio Terrae and the Precatio omnium herbarum. Moreover, the study of internal references in the precationes demonstrates that they were written with the intention of being placed before the medical recipes, but, for unknown reasons, were instead copied at the end of the chapters without ever occupying the place they were intended for.
Minima Epigraphica Auctionum (2019). La Estela de la Milesia Dafnis
Authors: Calderón Sánchez Macarena , España-Chamorro Sergio
Published: October 2021

This paper presents an unpublished inscription from the antiquities market. This entry pertains to the Milesian woman Daphnis’ gravestone. A new exemplar of a Milesian citizen who lived in Attica gives a novel anthroponym to Roman prosopography. In this brief note, we discuss the textual and iconographical aspects of the new item.
Sofocle: Magia, Medicina, Religione
Authors: Zamperini Enrica
Published: October 2021

In Sophocles’ tragedies the interweaving of medicine, religion and magic produces a lot of meanings and concepts that show the complexity of the Greek thought of the Fifth century. In his tragedies, Sophocles shows his interest both in the magical and religious medicine and in the new Hippocratic medical science. The aim of this paper is to analyze the conceptual and lexical intertwining that reflects this interest, focusing on the character of Oedipus. In fact, Oedipus is the hero who best embodies this duplicity. At the beginning of the drama he assumes a rational investigation method through which he tries to discover Laius’ murderer and then to heal Thebes from the plague that afflicts it. However, his responsibility emerges during the tragedy; Oedipus’ fault has divine origin and makes him the first cause of the evil of the city. In the Oedipus at Colonus, Oedipus’ body is released from the contamination that had made him the origin of the plague and the hero’s body turns into a sort of magic amulet to protect the polis that will guard it when he will be dead.
Gemas Uterinas y la Terapéutica de las Piedras en la Obra de Oribasio de Pérgamo
Authors: López Pérez Mercedes
Published: October 2021

Uterine gems belong to a group of amulets, usually engraved on red minerals, such as jasper and carnelian; the most used is the hematite or “blood stone”. The iconography of the uterus in these gems refers to the mobility of the uterus, an idea already present in Plato's Timaeus (Pl., Ti. 91c.), and in the Greco-Roman medical texts, the wandering uterus theory. In this work we will complete the analysis of uterine gems with the use of stones as a therapeutic in the work of Oribasio de Pérgamo.
EL RESARCIMIENTO DEL DAÑO MORAL A LAS VÍCTIMAS DE DELITOS DE VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO EN EL ORDENAMIENTO JURÍDICO ESPAÑOL
Authors: Alvarez Laura
Published: October 2021

El trabajo tiene por objeto el resarcimiento del daño moral en los delitos de violencia de género en el sistema español. El daño moral, con carácter general, es una figura compleja debido a la imposibilidad de establecer una definición determinada del mismo y a sus características inherentes. En los procedimientos penales de violencia de género cobra una especial relevancia debido a las particulares circunstancias que suelen concurrir en este tipo de delitos. Es por ello que, en el presente estudio se examinan las notas generales que caracterizan el daño moral y se delimita esta figura frente a otras tipologías de daños, para seguidamente analizar los problemas que surgen en los procedimientos de violencia de género tanto para su acreditación como para su apreciación, concluyendo con una valoración final.
THE PROSPECT OF CHANNELING DISPUTE BETWEEN LABOUR AND FOREIGN INVESTOR
Authors: Setiawati Wenny
Published: October 2021

The recent trend of international investment agreement (IIA) is the termination of bilateral investment treaties, although on the other direction, free trade agreement with investment chapter is growing in numbers. Most of the reason of the termination is because of the unbalance position between two parties in the agreement. Added to the problem is the investor-state dispute resolution which made possible for the investor to bring claim to the host state government. The IIA was constructed to provide a protection for the investor from unfair treatment from the host country, however in the end the one who treated unfairly was the host country. The multinationals corporation, as prominent actors in global FDI, changed the way of production chain which then substituted their presence within the host country and replaced it by a third-party for supplying the MNC’s need. Many cases regarding violations of labour rights happened because of this production chain model. However, the MNCs denied the responsibility and argued that the supplier should take the responsibility based on the production chain model. This paper will explain on why IIA is not an effective channel to solve labour dispute and that National Contact Point established by OECD as one of options available for this type of dispute.

Abstrak: Trend perjanjian investasi internasional pada saat ini adalah banyaknya negara yang kemudian menterminasi perjanjian investasi yang mereka pernah buat, walaupun di sisi lain perjanjian perdagangan bebas yang mengandung ketentuan investasi semakin bertambah. Alasan terbanyak dari terminasi perjanjian ini adalah karena tidak seimbangnya kedudukan dari kedua belah pihak dalam perjanjian. Satu hal yang juga dianggap masalah adalah dengan adanya penyelesaian sengketa investor dan negara yang memungkinkan bagi investor untuk menggugat pemerintah dari negara tempat investasi itu dilakukan. Perjanjian investasi internasional memang dikonstruksikan untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi investor dari perlakuan yang tidak adil pemerintah negara tempat investasi dilakukan, tetapi pada akhirnya negaralah yang menjadi korban. Perusahaan multinasional sebagai pemain utama dalam investasi global, mengubah rantai produksi dimana mereka sebelumnya memiliki perusahaan pada negara tempat investasi dilakukan, menjadi pihak ketiga untuk memasok kebutuhan perusahan multinasional ini. Banyak kasus pelanggaran hak tenaga kerja akibat dari model rantai produksi ini. Tetapi perusahaan nasional kemudian menolak untuk bertanggung jawab dan berargumen bahwa pemasok lah yang seharusnya bertanggung jawab didasarkan pada model rantai produksi yang mereka lakukan. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan kenapa perjanjian investasi internasional bukanlah saluran yang tepat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tenaga kerja dan bahwa National Contact Point yang didirikan oleh OECD adalah satu pilihan untuk penyelesaian sengketa ini.

Kata Kunci:  Penyaluran Sengketa, Investor Internasional, Hukum Ketenagakerjaan
The Peculiarities of Showing the Image of the Main Character in German and Italian Film Adaptations of the Literary Works of F.M. Dostoevsky of the End of the 19th — the First Third of the 20th Centuries
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of Culture, Mikhaylova Mariya V.
Published: October 2021

The peculiarities and variants of showing the image of the main character of the lliterary works of F.M. Dostoevsky in European cinema (on the example of German and Italian cinema) are investigated in the article. The specificity of the possibility of conveying the psychologism of the literary works and the peculiarities of the characters of the heroes in the era of silent cinema without dialogues are characterized. The main film adaptations of the literary works of F.M. Dostoevsky are compared in the article.
Reception of the Elements of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s World Conception in the Works of Nikolai Berdyaev
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Makarova Anna F.
Published: October 2021

The report examines the influence of some of Dostoevsky’s ideas on Berdyaev, reveals a significant conditionality of the early direction of Berdyaev’s thought by Dostoevsky’s “accursed questions”, his ideas of freedom, the image of Christ, pneumatology, reveals kinship and continuity of outlooks. The author especially notes the influence on Berdyaev of such works of Dostoevsky as “Notes from Underground”, “The Brothers Karamazov” (in particular, the chapter “The Grand Inquisitor”), as well as Berdyaev’s position on the question “Is Dostoevsky a philosopher?” that is still relevant in philosophical community.
“OLD” AND “NEW” BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH GRANULOMAS IN AQUARIUM FISH
Authors: Mandrioli Luciana , Victorio Codotto , D'ANNUNZIO GIULIA , Volpe Enrico , Francesca Errani , Yoshinobu Eishi , Keisuke Uchida , Sarli Giuseppe , Ciulli Sara
Published: October 2021

Cichlids include several fish species having a high economic value in
the field of aquaculture. The ornamental fish export trade is mostly
based on fish from the african Lake Malawi. Despite their huge economic
importance, management of ornamental fisheries is challenged by a
paucity of information on the status of the exploited fish stock. The
possibility of guaranteeing healthy animals is of paramount importance
and has several implications, both for commercial and sanitary reasons.
Grossly, cutaneous nodules and black spots are pathological findings
frequently encountered in fish, suggesting a meandering disease without
a specific etiologic association. Ornamental fish species are plagued by
mycobacteriosis, which is quite classically associated with granulomas.
This work focuses on debilitated ornamental cichlids presenting
cutaneous nodules and black spots and sampled during routinary managing
activities held in an aquarium commercial facility; the fish underwent
pathological analysis and the presence of pathogens was investigated
through a molecular approach. In particular, the presence of
lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV), typically associated with cutaneous
nodular disease, was excluded.Histologically the granulomas were
localized in the spleen, sometimes extending to the other visceral
organs. Bacterial Heat-Shock Protein 65 PCR products were detected in
tissues associated to granulomas and molecular investigation identified
Mycobacterium spp. in two samples and Cutibacterium acnes
in seven samples. Variably sized round “Hamazaki-Wesenberg-like”
bodies were immunolabeled with C. acnes antibody within
macrophages forming the granuloma in the spleen. C. acnes has
been recently detected by Next Generation Sequencing in the microbiome
of internal organs of fish. The role of C. acnes within internal
fish tissues deserves attention; its role as potential granulomatogenous
agent, is taken in consideration.
Nano-antibiotics combined with laser irradiation to reduce the development of drug resistance of K. Pneumoniae and accelerate wound healing
Authors: Liu Tiansheng , Zhong Guowei , Tang Dongying , Liu Xu , Zhong Xianghua , Yang Yuejun , Tong Chunyi , Yang Xiaoping
Published: October 2021

Bacterial infections, especially infections caused by multi-drug
resistant bacteria, pose a serious threat to human health and bring huge
challenges to clinical treatment. The excessive use of antibiotics can
easily lead to the emergence of bacterial resistance, which severely
limits clinical treatment options. There is an urgent need to develop
high-efficiency antibacterial materials and treatment strategies to
inhibit infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this work,
a nanocomposite named Ofloxacin@HMPB@HA(OHH NPs) combined with the laser
irradiation was used to reduce the development of drug resistance and
accelerate wound healing in a model infected by Klebsiella
pneumoniae(K.Pneumoniae). In vitro results showed that compared with OHH
NPs or NIR laser irradiation alone, this combination strategy can exert
a synergistic effect on anti-K.Pneumoniae by destroying cell integrity
with generating ROS and reducing ATP, and also inhibit the development
of bacterial resistance. Moreover, in vivo experiments have shown that
the system effectively promotes wound healing through killing
K.Pneumoniae and promoting the formation of new tissues. In summary,
these results indicate that OHH NPs show great potential in the clinical
application of bacterial infections.