bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Openly-Trans YouTubers and Gender-Affirming Undergarments: Production, Distribution, and Consumption via DIY Tutorials on YouTube
Authors: Streck Kyra G. , Reddy-Best Kelly L.
Published: November 2022

Queer and trans individuals have fashioned their bodies in various ways throughout time; however, their undergarment needs are not always available in the marketplace. We asked: how have trans people produced and distributed DIY gender-affirming undergarments worn on the lower portion of the body via DIY YouTube video tutorials amid the lack of commercial objects available to fashion their sense of self? To answer our question, we analyzed 24 YouTube videos on DIY gender-affirming undergarments created by openly-trans YouTubers using a grounded theory, constant-comparative approach. Although the fashion industry, and society at large, often neglects trans individuals’ needs—many trans people have exhibited resilience and resistance, in this instance by making and disseminating their own gender-affirming undergarments and related knowledge. Arguably, these trans YouTubers engaged in acts of personal and community liberation by sharing product ideas and product knowledge to assist themselves and others in obtaining accessible gender-affirming care.
Changes in Opioid Prescription Rates at Discharge After Targeted Provider Education in the Emergency Department
Authors: Booth Deborah , Amalfitano Christopher , Forestine Anthony
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Opioid-related mortality continues to increase in the United States and emergency departments (ED) are a source of opioid prescribing. A review was conducted of prescribing practices and all prescribers were given targeted education to modify prescribing patterns and facilitate guideline recommended opioid prescribing. This study seeks to evaluate prescribing practices after implementation of the education that occurred December 23 to 31, 2019 on prescribing habits. The pre-education group was defined as the period of January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. The post-education group was defined as the period of January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. Objective: Evaluate the total number of prescriptions and prescription doses in morphine milligram equivalent (MME) prescribed between pre-education and post-education groups. Secondary endpoints will be an evaluation of the number of doses, length of therapy, and the rates of prescribing per 100 discharges. Methods: A retrospective chart review at a single center suburban ED was conducted comparing prescribing after education was provided. Patients were excluded if they were under the age of 18 years, admitted or transferred to an acute care facility, or prescribed an opioid for a non-analgesic purpose. Results: There was a 34% reduction in the total number of opioid prescriptions from the pre-education group compared to the post-education group (4,253 to 2,818). Between the 2 groups, there was a reduction in MME of 8.8 (92.2 ± 60.4 vs 83.4 ± 60), P < 0.001, number of tablets by 0.9 tablets (13.6 ± 5.2 vs 12.7 ± 5.4), P < 0.001, and day supply by 0.12 (4.45 ± 2.1 vs 4.33 ± 2.0), P = 0.017. Percentage of the total number of opioid prescriptions per 100 discharges decreased by 0.4% from 5.1% to 4.7%. Conclusion: After targeting providers through education, a reduction in opioid prescribing was identified through all endpoints.
Real-time railway plane alignment discrimination based on linear discriminant analysis of Lp norm with sparsity constraint
Authors: Du Xinyu , Qin Zhe , Zhang Yi , Li Ying , Wang Hao
Published: November 2022

To improve the accuracy of detected parameters at curves by an in-use track geometry measurement (TGM) system, a real-time railway plane alignment (RPA) discrimination method based on linear discriminant analysis of an Lp norm with sparsity constraint (LDA-Lp-SC) is proposed. A standard database to identify the radius of a track curve is established, using the relevant ledger and track TGM data. Multi-dimensional feature extraction is performed on the TGM data, and the parameters of the method are optimized to improve the accuracy of the model classification. Finally, the method is embedded in a TGM system combined with the original RPA discrimination method, so that the key parameters of RPA discrimination can be automatically switched in real time according to the classification result of the track curve radius. Compared with the original method, the method in this study greatly improves the recognition accuracy of track curve with a radius in the range of 150–20,000 m, while ensuring real-time performance.
Estimation of acoustic transmission loss for carbon honey comb panel with melamine foam
Authors: Zai Behzad A , Sami Saad , Waseem Muhammad , Rehman Tanzeel Ur
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the acoustic noise reduction of aluminum honeycomb/carbon face sheet sandwich panel with Melamine Foam (MF) lining of variable thicknesses (25 mm & 50 mm) is numerically estimated and then experimentally verified using impedance tube based on transfer matrix method. The presence of carbon face sheets and MF lining can have a significant impact on the Transmission Loss (TL). The impedance tube can measure the TL for frequency range of 64 Hz–6.2 kHz. A conventional, two-microphone impedance tube, is connected to a sample holder downstream of the first microphone pair and a section downstream of the sample holder that accommodates a second pair of microphones. The Finite Element Analysis and experimental results are compared and found in good agreements. The TL levels for each layer of material is estimated prior to have TL for combined structure. Furthermore, the optimized insulation foam thickness of 50 mm is obtained based on required acoustic parameters.
A review on deep learning based condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating machinery
Authors: Gangsar Purushottam , Bajpei Aditya Raj , Porwal Rajkumar
Published: November 2022

Rotating machine faults are unavoidable; thus, early diagnosis is essential to avoid further damage to the machine or other machine attached to it. Various signal analysis based conventional techniques have been developed and used in the industries to identify various defects in the rotating machines. In last two decades, researchers have shifted their focus to automated or intelligent fault diagnosis based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques due to a variety of issues in conventional fault analysis techniques, such as a dependence on machine operating circumstances, human interference, and expert abilities. In AI based techniques, various machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques have been successfully applied for fault diagnosis of various rotating machines. From last half decade DL have been gaining popularity due to its attractive characteristic of automated feature learning and solving big data, unbalanced data, big computational burden and over-fitting problems of conventional ML techniques. Advances in DL methodologies have prompted interest in DL based intelligent fault diagnosis in the industry in the last five to 6 years. This review paper summarizes recent research and developments on DL based fault diagnosis in the last five to 6 years for various critical rotating machineries in industry such as electric motors, rotor-bearing systems, gear and gearbox, wind turbines, pumps, and compressors.
Technological aspects of the preparation of polymer composites of building materials and coatings
Authors: Yang Shilin , Bieliatynskyi Andrii , Trachevskyi Viacheslav , Shao Meiyu , Ta Mingyang
Published: November 2022

In accordance with the principles of sustainable development, improving the quality and durability of structural elements and coatings, the construction industry requires the development and the implementation of resource- and energy-efficient building materials, as well as innovative technologies for their production. The use of complex modifiers for no-slump concrete mixtures and concrete is becoming increasingly widespread in modern materials science. The article presents the studies of influence of polymer additive structured carbon nanomaterials on physical and mechanical characteristics of no-slump concrete mixtures. The methods of infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the use of carbon nanomaterials alters the structure of no-slump concrete mixtures significantly. As a result of the fact that the high-strength nanomaterial is the centre of crystallization of cement stone neo-formation, a denser reinforced microstructure is formed, which increases significantly the strength properties of no-slump concrete mixtures. The inclusion of a complex polymer additive in no-slump concrete mixtures leads to higher and longer plasticizing, which plays an important role in the production of monolithic products. It was determined that, in the presence of a complex modifier (a polymer additive structured by carbon nanotubes), the crystalline structure of calcium silicate hydrate is compacted, which determines high physical and mechanical characteristics of modified no-slump concrete mixtures. It was experimentally shown that the additive acted as an accelerator of a setting and hardening cement test and also increases its strength characteristics. In general, in this study, there is a water-reducing effect from the application of the additive for all no-slump concrete mixtures. Water consumption is reduced by 5% of the mass, while the strength is increased by 19%. No-slump concrete mixtures recipes modified by polymer additives, structured by carbon nanotubes, with high performance were developed.
Surfactant Replacement Therapy: What’s the New Future?
Authors: Budh Hetal Pramod , Nimbalkar Somashekhar
Published: November 2022

Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) can be lifesaving for preterm babies with respiratory distress because of surfactant deficiency. Attempts have been made over the last two decades to make surfactant administration as smooth and as nontraumatic as possible. Lesser invasive techniques, such as less invasive surfactant administration, minimally invasive surfactant therapy, intrapartum pharyngeal surfactant therapy, and the laryngeal mask airway, are preferred over invasive techniques like intubate surfactant extubation to reduce trauma and peridosing adverse effects. However, at present, aerosolized surfactant (AS) via nebulization remains the only truly noninvasive method of SRT. Many animal and human studies have shown promising results with the use of AS with similar clinical effects to an instilled surfactant with greater safety potential. But still AS has not been adapted to routine neonatal care. There is still scope for studies to further strengthen the role of AS. Also, SRT is a constantly changing field with new innovations revolutionizing and replacing old techniques.
A Playful Approach to Household Sustainability: Results From a Pilot Study on Resource Consumption
Authors: Agusdinata Datu Buyung , Lukosch Heide , Hanif Muhammad , Watkins David
Published: November 2022

Background.

U.S. households produce a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions, indicating a potential to reduce their carbon footprints from changing food, energy, and water (FEW) consumption patterns. Behavioral change to FEW consumption is needed, but difficult to achieve. Interactive and engaging approaches like serious games could be a way to increase awareness of possible measures, leading to more sustainable behavior at a household level. This study looks into the experiences and effects of a digital game for homeowners with the potential to reduce FEW resource consumption impacts.

Intervention.

In this study, we developed and implemented a digital game to explore its potential to raise awareness of the consumption and conservation of FEW resources and the efficacy of conservation messages. This study aims to measure learning outcomes from game participation and to assess the suitability of the game for informing resource conservation actions.

Methods.

We tested a proof-of-concept of a digital four-player game, called HomeRUN, with 28 homeowners. The data collected include homeowners’ values and preferences with regard to FEW resources. The patterns of game actions are analyzed with an emphasis on the effectiveness of conservation messaging in informing household consumption behavior.

Results.

About 65% of the respondents agree that they gained a better understanding of the greenhouse gas emission impacts of FEW resource consumption after playing the game. Over 57% of the respondents agree that the game experience would influence their future consumption behavior, while a quarter of the respondents are unsure. Overall, we demonstrate the HomeRUN game has potential as a tool for informing conservation efforts at a household level.
Child Maltreatment During the Pandemic
Authors: Klika J. Bart , Merrick Melissa T. , Jones Jennifer
Published: November 2022

What happened with child abuse and neglect during the pandemic? Emergency department and child welfare data suggest a decline in reports; however other sources of data suggest that risk for abuse and neglect remained high during COVID-19. In this commentary, the authors highlight the complicated, and at times contradictory, evidence as to what occurred with child abuse and neglect during the pandemic. The commentary concludes with suggestions for future research.
The Prevalence and Treatment of ADHD in Spain: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Ramos-Quiroga Jose Antonio , Richarte Vanesa , Soto Isabel , Targhetta Maria , Ward John , Perulero Núria
Published: November 2022

Objective:

Estimate the prevalence and incidence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and analyze variations in its treatment across Spain.

Method:

Analyses were performed using IQVIA’s clinical practice RealWorld Database, the electronic medical records of some 1 million patients from 2013 to 2018. MPH treatment was assessed using the Defined Daily Dose (DDD), MPH sales were extracted from IQVIA’s Sell-Out database and the number of active psychiatrists from IQVIA’s OneKey Database.

Results:

Significantly higher ADHD prevalence and incidence (1) in children than in adults and (2) in males compared to females. 91% of patients take MPH. Regional variations in MPH consumption range from 247 Daily Dose per Inhabitant (DDI) per 100,000 inhabitants to 414.

Conclusion:

ADHD continues to be underdiagnosed and undertreated, particularly in adults, and more so in females. The lack of diagnostic tools for adults and the variations in treatment across the country need to be addressed.
Nature versus Nurture in Social Mobility Under Private and Public Education Systems
Authors: Fan Simon , Pang Yu , Pestieau Pierre
Published: November 2022

This paper analyzes the roles of innate talent versus family background in shaping intergenerational mobility and social welfare under different education systems. We establish an overlapping-generations model in which the allocation of workforce between a high-paying skilled labor sector and a low-paying unskilled labor sector depends on talent, parental human capital, and educational resources, and the wage rate of skilled workers is governed by their average talent. Our model suggests that under the private education system, income inequality is inversely associated with social mobility, and the steady-state average talent of skilled labor declines as parents increase educational spending. The introduction of public education, which makes the allocation of workforce depend more on talent and less on family background, tends to increase both inequality and mobility and improve welfare under reasonable conditions. Our simulations show that if the government diverts public school funding to redistribution, the economy has lower inequality and mobility in the steady state. Moving from elitist to meritocratic systems yields lower inequality and greater mobility.
Radiological Dose Assessment due to the Presence of Norms in the Top Soil of the Imo State Polytechnic, Imo State Nigeria
Authors: Eke Benedict Chukwudi , Amakom Chijioke M , Ukewuihe Udoka Mathias , Akomolafe Idowu Richard , Ejelonu Benedict Ositadimma , Okereke Benjamin Okechukwu
Published: November 2022

A study on the radiological dose assessment due to the presence of natural radionuclides in the top soil of Imo state Polytechnic was carried out using a gamma spectroscopic method. From the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the topsoil, the absorbed dose rate and annual effects of doses were established. The activity concentrations ranged from 59.20 to 203.78 Bqkg−1, 8.74 to 45.78 Bqkg−1, and 12.73 to 44.01 Bqkg−1 for the radionuclides 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th respectively. The absorbed dose rates ranged from 16.70 to 52.10 nGyh−1 while the indoor and outdoor annual effective doses ranged from 20.48 to 63.89 µSvy−1 and 81.94 to 255.58 µSvy−1 respectively. From the results, it shows that the radiation from natural radionuclides in the top soil posed no radiological threat to the population of the institution.
Introduction to Special Issue on comparative criminology: Context, scope and applicability in critical criminological research
Authors: Light Matthew , Singh Anne-Marie
Published: November 2022

This Special Issue highlights the value of the comparative case study method for theory-building and refinement in criminology. Early figures in criminology, including those in the Chicago School, were aware of the importance of scope and applicability, which refer to the temporal, geographic, or other contextual boundaries of a theory, yet the field as a whole has not always given these issues due attention. While the discipline already deploys comparisons, the contributions in our collection showcase how a more structured and deliberate use of a comparative case study approach engages issues of context, scope and applicability of criminological theory including recent discussions about Anglocentrism and the Global North/South divide.
The sandwich effect in L3 acquisition: A look at the Catalan and Spanish grammars of highly advanced speakers of L3 English
Authors: Puig-Mayenco Eloi
Published: November 2022

Aims and objectives:

This study examines the extent to which the acquisition of a highly advanced third language (L3) will affect previously (early) acquired languages. We directly test the main tenets of the differential stability hypothesis.

Design/method/approach:

We test 72 Catalan–Spanish bilinguals divided across four groups using two dimensions: (a) order of acquisition and (b) proficiency/exposure in L3 English. We administered two self-paced reading tasks (one in Catalan and the other in Spanish) to explore their processing of negative concord items.

Data analysis:

Using generalized linear mixed-effects models, we analysed the effect English had on the processing of negative concord items in Catalan and Spanish in three different conditions of interest.

Findings/conclusions:

The results partially confirm the tenets of the differential stability hypothesis (DSH). We show that first language (L1) and second language (L2) are differentially affected by the acquisition of an L3. We further show that there are different degrees of vulnerability for different syntactic contexts in an L2. We propose a novel effect in the study of L3 regressive effects that can complement the tenets of the DSH: the sandwich effect in L3 acquisition.

Originality:

The study provides the first empirical investigation of the tenets of the DSH.

Significance/implications:

This study offers a new effect in L3 acquisition and we put forward how we can test it and propose new directions to explore regressive transfer effects.
The triple problem displacement: Climate change and the politics of the Great Acceleration
Authors: Wagner Peter
Published: November 2022

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges that human societies have ever faced. After a late start, it is by now rather intensely debated and analysed also in the social sciences and humanities, though mostly through overly generic explanations in terms of an instrumental relation to nature, of capitalist expansion drives or of the human longing for comfort. In contrast, this article concentrates on the socio-political transformations since the middle of the 20th century, which have been referred to as the ‘Great Acceleration’ in the use of biophysical resources and in environmental degradation. It provides an analysis of the socio-political mechanisms that brought the resource-intensive path of social development about, showing how Western democratic societies tended to ‘solve’ difficult social problems by means of a triple displacement: onto other societies; onto nature and the planet; and into the future. As an unintended consequence, this displacement politics led to the globalization of resource-intensive development and to a planetary situation in which, at least as it appears in much of current debate, no further displacement is possible. The article concludes with insights for a more adequate approach to social phenomena of large scale and long duration in social theory.
Securing healthcare information system through fuzzy based decision-making methodology
Authors: Alharbi Abdullah , Ahmad Masood , Alosaimi Wael , Alyami Hashem , Sarkar Amal Krishna , Agrawal Alka , Kumar Rajeev , Khan Raees Ahamd
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the healthcare Information System (HIS) is to replace the conventional method of data gathering and organization in hospitals into a modern method of systematic data collection, maintenance and dissemination. There has been an unprecedented rise in the malware and cyber-attacks on HIS recently. Cyber-attacks have become a major crisis for the healthcare industry. To address this scenario, the present paper conducts a study on the security factors integral to the healthcare information system and conducts the performance analysis of these factors. For this intent, the study has employed the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F.AHP) integrated with Technique Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) integrated framework for evaluating the performance of each factor. Thereafter, the factors that play a vital role in healthcare data security breaches have been prioritized as per their security weights. Furthermore, the validity of the results obtained by the stated methodology has been established by conducting the sensitivity analysis and comparison of results with the other methods by using the same data set. Based on results thus obtained, the access control and software security have been identified as the most promising security factors.
Ethnographer as creation: A Whiteheadian interpretation of the ethnographic subject
Authors: Paju Elina
Published: November 2022

This article examines the dynamic process constituting the researcher-subject in ethnographic fieldwork. Applying the theoretical framework of AN Whitehead AN (1964) The Concept of Nature: The Tarnell Lectures Delivered in Trinity College in 1919. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Whitehead AN (1929/1985) Process and Reality: An Essay in Cosmology. New York: Free Press, I argue that the ethnographical researching subject is the outcome of fieldwork. I analyse field encounters and illustrate how the ethnographer is constituted differently depending on the field. The field encounter consists of multiple, sometimes overlapping, entities. The entities present in the field encounter may stem from the past illuminating how endurance and change simultaneously operate in the constitution of the ethnographer. Following Whitehead’s thinking, there is no separation between experience and datum. This emphasises how even in the process of knowing the subject and object of research are entwined. This article is a conceptual analysis of selected empirical cases illustrating the emergence of the researcher-subject in fieldwork encounters. I base my analysis on cases from four ethnographic fieldworks I have conducted.
Empty Houses, Loose Dogs, and Engaged Citizens: Lessons Learned From Community Participatory Data Collection in Rural Areas
Authors: Seals Katherine , Stroope Jessica , Freightman Jamila , Ainsworth Laura , Moles Aimee , Holston Denise
Published: November 2022

Rural surveys tend to oversample easy to reach populations, which can misrepresent community health needs. To achieve baseline data reflective of the communities served by the high obesity program (HOP), an innovative evaluation plan was created to prioritize equity and reflect the whole community. Principles of Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) were used to guide instrument development, research protocols, and data collection. A random sample of addresses created with United States Postal Service records provided a representative list of addresses in three HOP counties in Louisiana. Local data collectors were recruited to go door to door at the selected addresses to collect in-person surveys (N = 682; response rate of 84%). Over a quarter of participants reported using the charitable food system and walking for transportation at least weekly. Collecting door to door data in rural communities presents unique challenges, including abandoned properties, inaccurate address records, loose dogs, and at times, racial tensions and houses far removed from public roads. Lessons learned include the importance of local knowledge, adapting protocols to fit local conditions, and community awareness of the survey. Health practitioners need confidence when they are making data-based decisions about interventions, and one way to provide this confidence is to collect data from a true cross-section of the community. With a plan and in partnership with community members, a probability sample is feasible to collect in rural communities.
Healthy Here: A Promising Referral System Model for Community–Clinical Linkages to Prevent Chronic Disease
Authors: Cruz Theresa H. , FitzGerald Courtney A. , Quintana Valerie , Barnes Jesse , Sanchez Kenny E. , Hirschl Meta , Lavender Amy , Caswell Leigh
Published: November 2022

Linking clinical services to community-based resources is a promising strategy for assisting patients with chronic disease prevention and management. However, there remains a gap in understanding how to effectively develop and implement community–clinical linkages (CCLs), especially in communities of color. The Healthy Here initiative used Stage Theory of organizational change to implement a centralized wellness referral system, linking primary care clinics to community organizations in majority Hispanic/Latinx and Native American communities. Data were collected using a standardized referral form. Facilitators and challenges were identified through semi-structured discussions with partner organizations. Between 2016 and 2021, 43 clinics and 497 health care providers made 7,465 referrals, the majority of which were from the focus populations. The average proportion of patients referred by clinic champions decreased significantly over time, reflecting diffusion of the intervention within clinics. Facilitators to system success included building on existing networked partnerships, utilizing a centralized referral center, leveraging funding, sharing data, addressing challenges collectively, incorporating multilevel leadership, and co-developing and testing a standardized referral form and process with a single clinic and provider before scaling up. Challenges included funding restrictions, decreasing referrals within clinics over time, changing availability of resources and programs, and the COVID-19 pandemic. This innovative initiative demonstrates that CCLs can be developed and implemented to successfully reach Hispanic/Latinx and Native American communities and provides strategies for overcoming challenges.
Fresh Bucks: A Process Approach for Improving Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Matching Programs at Farmers’ Markets
Authors: Groh James M. , Shippy Michelle , Bumpus Edwards Jill , Cummings Sandra
Published: November 2022

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) matching programs at farmers’ markets have been shown to increase access to fresh fruits and vegetables (FV) as well as improve food security among participants. Implementing SNAP matching programs in an efficient way is vital for sustainability and increasing access to fresh FV for SNAP participants. The Fresh Bucks SNAP matching program in Marion County, Indiana transitioned from using wooden tokens as incentive scrips to checks. This innovative approach streamlined administrative processes and reduced the wait time for vendors to be reimbursed. Surveys results indicated that the new form of incentive was positively received by vendors and participants. Implications for practice are provided.
From Practice to Publication: The Promise of Writing Workshops
Authors: Lavinghouze S. René , Kettel Khan Laura , Auld M. Elaine , Sammons Hackett Doreleena , Brittain Danielle R. , Brown David R. , Greaney Eryn , Harris Diane M. , Maynard Leah Michele , Onufrak Stephen , Robillard Alyssa G. , Schwartz Randy , Siddique Sana , Youngner Cole G. , Wright LaNita S. , O’Toole Terrence P.
Published: November 2022

Practitioners in health departments, university extension programs, and nonprofit organizations working in public health face varied challenges to publishing in the peer-reviewed literature. These practitioners may lack time, support, skills, and efficacy needed for manuscript submission, which keeps them from sharing their wisdom and experience-based evidence. This exclusion can contribute to literature gaps, a failure of evidence-based practice to inform future research, reduced ability to educate partners, and delays in advancing public health practice. Our article describes the writing workshops offered to Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded programs in 2021. This project consisted of three 60-minute introductory writing webinars open to all recipients, followed by a Writing for Publications workshop, an 8- to 9-week virtual learning/writing intensive for selected writing team applicants. The Society for Public Health Education staff, consultants, and CDC/DNPAO staff developed, refined, and presented the curriculum. The workshop for public health practitioner writing teams was offered to two cohorts and included extensive coaching and focused on potential submission to a Health Promotion Practice supplement, “Reducing Chronic Disease through Physical Activity and Nutrition: Public Health Practice in the Field” (see Supplemental Material), which was supported by CDC/DNPAO. We describe the webinars, the workshop design, modifications, evaluation methods and results.
Beyond Pan-Ethnicity: Responsiveness of Elected Officials to Asian American Subgroups
Authors: Yeung Yat To
Published: November 2022

Are American elected officials equally responsive to all Asian subgroups? Asian American is one of the major racial/ethnic groups in the United States and is currently the fastest-growing racial group. However, studies on the representation of Asian Americans are limited. Studies also commonly view Asian Americans as a single, homogenous group and omit the heterogeneity within this unique population. I argue that to understand any racial/ethnic group better, we should look into the ethnic subgroups and examine them as separate populations. I conducted an audit experiment in this study and sent emails to more than 2000 state legislators, manipulating senders' names to represent different Asian subgroups. I find that none of the subgroups received a lower response rate than white constituents, regardless of the officials' racial group and partisan affiliation. However, Korean constituents were less likely to receive a friendly response than white and Vietnamese constituents. The results also show that Latino and Black legislators were less friendly in their emails and less responsive than their Asian and white counterparts. This study sheds light on the heterogeneity of racial/ethnic groups, which scholars have routinely overlooked.
Differences among physical activity actigraphy algorithms in three chronic illness populations
Authors: Alder Megan L , Still Carolyn H , Wierenga Kelly L , Pignatiello Grant A , Moore Shirley M
Published: November 2022

Objectives

In three chronic illness populations and in a combined sample, we assessed differences in two algorithms to determine wear time (WT%) and four algorithms to determine: Kilocalories, light physical activity (PA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and metabolic equivalents (METs).

Methods

Data were collected from 29 people living with HIV (PLHIV), 27 participants recovering from a cardiac event, and 15 participants with hypertension (HTN). Participants wore the ActiGraphTM wGT3X-BT for > 3 days on their hip. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess differences among the algorithms.

Results

No differences were found between the two algorithms to assess WT% or among the four algorithms to assess kilocalories in each of the chronic illness populations or in the combined sample. Significant differences were found among the four algorithms for light PA ( p < .001) and METs ( p < .001) in each chronic illness population and in the combined sample. MVPA was significantly different among the four algorithms in the PLHIV ( p = .007) and in the combined sample ( p < .001), but not in the cardiac ( p = .064) or HTN samples ( p = .200).

Discussion

Our findings indicate that the choice of algorithm does make a difference in PA determination. Differences in algorithms should be considered when comparing PA across different chronic illness populations.
Performance of ICD-10-AM codes for quality improvement monitoring of hospital-acquired pneumonia in a haematology-oncology casemix in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Valentine Jake C , Gillespie Elizabeth , Verspoor Karin M , Hall Lisa , Worth Leon J
Published: November 2022

Background

The Australian hospital-acquired complication (HAC) policy was introduced to facilitate negative funding adjustments in Australian hospitals using ICD-10-AM codes.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of the ICD-10-AM codes in the HAC framework to detect hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with cancer and to describe any change in PPV before and after implementation of an electronic medical record (EMR) at our centre.

Method

A retrospective case review of all coded pneumonia episodes at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Melbourne, Australia spanning two time periods (01 July 2015 to 30 June 2017 [pre-EMR period] and 01 September 2020 to 28 February 2021 [EMR period]) was performed to determine the proportion of events satisfying standardised surveillance definitions.

Results

HAC-coded pneumonia occurred in 3.66% ( n = 151) of 41,260 separations during the study period. Of the 151 coded pneumonia separations, 27 satisfied consensus surveillance criteria, corresponding to an overall PPV of 0.18 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.25). The PPV was approximately three times higher following EMR implementation (0.34 [95% CI: 0.19, 0.53] versus 0.13 [95% CI: 0.08, 0.21]; p = .013).

Conclusion

The current HAC definition is a poor-to-moderate classifier for hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients with cancer and, therefore, may not accurately reflect hospital-level quality improvement. Implementation of an EMR did enhance case detection, and future refinements to administratively coded data in support of robust monitoring frameworks should focus on EMR systems.

Implications

Although ICD-10-AM data are readily available in Australian healthcare settings, these data are not sufficient for monitoring and reporting of hospital-acquired pneumonia in haematology-oncology patients.
Multiparty work relationships in Spain: Legal provisions and emerging trends
Authors: Rodríguez Cardo Iván , Álvarez Alonso Diego
Published: November 2022

Multiparty work relationships have been gaining relevance in practice in recent years, particularly in the field of temporary agency work, subcontracting and platform work. There are other more specific forms of multiparty work relationships with long tradition in Spain, but they have not entailed major issues for labour law. Temporary agency work and subcontracting are the most common forms of multiparty work relationships, and there are legal rules for both of them that clarify the rights and duties of the parties involved. Platform work is an emerging reality, and a new legal provision on the matter has been recently approved, but it is still lacking a complete regulatory framework, which is problematic, because even the concept of worker/employee seems to be at issue. There is an increasing focus, among academic scholars, on multiparty work relationships or, in a broader sense, on the consequences of fragmented workplaces and business networks for the rights and duties of workers and employers. However, apart from the new legal provision on platform work, no new provisions have been developed in the area in recent years. This article provides a complete overview of multiparty work relationships in Spain, identifies the flaws of the regulatory framework and makes proposals for a future regulation.
Sustained Impact of a Postgraduate Residency Training Program on Nurse Practitioners’ Careers
Authors: Hart Ann Marie , Seagriff Nicole , Flinter Margaret
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

In 2007, the first formal postgraduate nurse practitioner (NP) residency program was launched at Community Health Center, Inc., a large Federally Qualified Health Center in Connecticut, and focused on primary care and community health. There are numerous post-graduate nurse practitioner training programs across the nation, and many more are under development. Although the literature describes the impact of postgraduate residency training programs on new NPs’ early practice transition, to date, no studies have examined the long-term impact of postgraduate NP training programs on alumni’s career choices, practice, and satisfaction. This study sought to understand the impact over time of Community Health Center Inc.’s postgraduate NP residency program on the subsequent career paths of alumni who completed the program between 2008 and 2019. Additionally, it explored alumni’s current reflections on the impact of their postgraduate residency training on their transition to the post-residency year and beyond, as well as their professional development and career choices. Moreover, it sought to identify any previously undocumented elements of impact for further exploration in subsequent studies.

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort study that used an electronic survey and interviews. All 90 of the alumni who had completed Community Health Center Inc.’s residency between 2008 and 2019 were invited to participate.

Results:

The survey’s response rate was 72%. Most (74%) of the participating alumni indicated they were still practicing as primary care providers. Of these, 57% were practicing at FQHCs. Nine subthemes were identified from the interviews, with an overarching theme that the program was foundational to a successful career in community-based primary care and that the impact of the program continues to evolve.

Conclusion:

Community Health Center Inc.’s postgraduate NP residency program had a long-standing impact on alumni’s commitment to continuing in primary care practice, as well as their engagement in leadership activities to ensure quality care.
Cognitive and Graphic Design Principles for Creating Well-Organized, Visually Appealing Slide Decks
Authors: Cavanagh Thomas
Published: November 2022

Slide decks are a ubiquitous form of communication in both academia and business, and business communication instructors must be able to model and teach multimedia design principles. The literature regarding multimedia design has traditionally fallen into two camps: the cognitive school, focused on designing multimedia messages that accommodate human cognitive architecture, and the graphic design school, focused on using visual appeal as a tool for conceptual organization. I synthesize representative models from each school to provide theoretically derived and empirically supported principles for designing slide decks that are both well-organized and visually appealing.
Predicting the Flexural Rigidity in Fused Shirt Components Using Design of Experiment
Authors: G Renjini , R Sudhakar
Published: November 2022

Men’s formal shirts have fused components requiring a specific level of stiffness to maintain a crisp formal look. The stiffness of the neck band is an essential criterion in the aesthetic look when displayed on the retail shelf and during end-usage. This study aims to explain the effect of the physical parameters of the fabric, interlining and fusing process parameters on the flexural rigidity of the fused collar stand. The two-step factorial analysis of screening and reduced factor design shows that the flexural rigidity of samples after fusing is influenced by three factors: fabric areal weight, interlining areal weight and interlining finish. Furthermore, the flexural rigidity of samples was reduced considerably after washing and was influenced by three factors: interlining areal weight, interlining finish and fusing time. The polynomial equation explaining the relation has been derived. The findings help understand the variables to consider while selecting interlinings for formal shirts.
Durability and Safety of Deep Peroneal Nerve Neurectomy for Midfoot Arthritis at Midterm Follow Up
Authors: Iturregui Jose M. , Haupt Edward T. , Wilke Benjamin , Kraus Jonathan C. , Shi Glenn G.
Published: November 2022

Category:

Midfoot/Forefoot

Introduction/Purpose:

Midfoot osteoarthritis affects up to 12% of the adult population greater than 50 years old. Arthrodesis is the traditional surgical procedure performed when nonoperative management fails but is a technically demanding procedure that requires prolonged postoperative immobilization and is not uncommonly complicated by nonunion or deep infection. The deep peroneal nerve (DPN) plays a significant role in afferent nociceptive midfoot joint pain perception, most consistently in the second and third tarsometatarsal joints and the naviculocuneiform joint. Early outcomes following DPN neurectomy have demonstrated promising results as a safe and effective treatment that allows early mobilization and weight bearing. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the mid-term patient satisfaction and pain relief after DPN neurectomy for treatment of chronic midfoot pain due to osteoarthritis.

Methods:

In this retrospective IRB-approved questionnaire-based study, we evaluated 49 out of 95 patients identified (56 feet) with an average follow-up of 34.6 (range, 9 to 51) months, who underwent DPN neurectomy (Figure 1) at our institution between September 2017 and February 2021. There were 39 women and 10 men, 42 unilateral (23 right, 19 left) and 7 bilateral procedures, with an average age of 67.9 (range, 35 to 88) years at the time of surgery. A questionnaire which included questions regarding post-surgical dorsal midfoot pain relief, surgical result satisfaction, and current functional limitations was administered via telephone. Demographic information, patient responses, and complications were recorded.

Results:

There was an 81.2% patient satisfaction with the result of the surgery in relieving their dorsal midfoot pain. Of the 49 patients, 84.9% would repeat the surgery under the same circumstances, 84.1% would recommend the surgery to a friend, 10.2% reported they wish they had undergone arthrodesis, 8.2% reported no pain relief in the first 6 months, and 55.8% reported current activity limitations because of dorsal midfoot pain. Six feet (10.7%) underwent a second procedure with an average postoperative time of 20.5 (range, 1 to 36) months. Complications include one patient with deep wound infection, one DPN neurectomy revision and burial into bone, one DPN neuroma excision, one midfoot exostosis excision, and two conversions to arthrodesis. Theoretic complications of neuroarthropathy, midfoot collapse, and development of lesser toe deformities were not observed.

Conclusion:

DPN neurectomy is a safe and effective surgical option for the management of chronic dorsal midfoot pain due to midfoot osteoarthritis after failed nonoperative management. At midterm follow-up, patients who underwent dorsal midfoot denervation reported acceptable satisfaction rates, similar to those reported for arthrodesis, with associated improved functional outcomes and few complications.
Outcome of Conversion to Fusion for a Failed Ankle Replacement: A Data Linkage Study using the National Joint Registry and NHS Digital
Authors: Jennison Toby , Sharpe Ian T. , Goldberg Andrew J.
Published: November 2022

Category:

Ankle Arthritis

Introduction/Purpose:

There are limited studies on the outcomes of conversion to fusion following a failed ankle replacement. The primary aim of this NJR data linkage study is to determine the outcomes of conversion to fusion following a failed ankle replacement.

Methods:

A data linkage study combined National Joint Registry Data and NHS Digital data. The primary outcome of failure is defined as a further fusion procedure or amputation. Life tables and Kaplan Meier survival charts demonstrated survivorship. Cox proportional hazards regression models with the Breslow method used for ties were fitted to compare failure rates.

Results:

131 patients underwent conversion to fusion. The mean time from primary replacement was 33.8 months (range 1-100). The mean age was 63.3 (range 33-85), there were 73 males (55.7%). The mean BMI was 30.7 (SD 5.3) mean ASA was 2.0 and the mean Charlson co-morbidity score was 2.5. The most commonly revised implant was the Mobility in 45.0%, Zenith in 16.8% and Box in 11.5%.105 (80.2%) were as a single stage and 26 (19.8%) as a 2 stage procedure. The 1 year survivorship was 96.0% (95% CI 90.6%-98.3%), 2 year survivorship was 83.8% (95% CI 75.4%-89.5%) and 5 year survivorship was 72.4% (95% CI 62.0%-80.4%) A Cox regression model adjusting for individual factors did not find any risk factor significantly increased the risk of failure.

Conclusion:

Conversion to fusion following a failed ankle replacement has high rates of further surgery. Further prospective studies are required to determine risk factors for failure to improve outcomes for these patients.
Histone deacetylase-6 modulates the effects of 4°C platelets on vascular endothelial permeability
Authors: Miyazawa Byron , Trivedi Alpa , Vivona Lindsay , Lin Maximillian , Potter Daniel , Nair Alison , Barry Mark , Cap Andrew P. , Pati Shibani
Published: November 2022

Platelets (PLTs) stored at 4°C exhibit equivalent or superior hemostatic function compared with 22°C PLTs, but have shorter circulation times and a decreased ability to modulate vascular permeability. These differences may be due to morphological changes and storage-induced activation. Using a proteomics-based approach, we found that 4°C-stored PLTs express decreased α-tubulin, a key PLT structural protein. PLT activation is characterized by α-tubulin deacetylation, which is regulated by histone deacetylase-6 (HDAC-6). We hypothesized that inhibition of HDAC-6 in stored PLTs will improve their ability to regulate vascular permeability through reduced activation and α-tubulin deacetylation. In an in vivo model of vascular permeability, treatment of 4°C PLTs with the HDAC-6 inhibitor tubacin enhanced the vasculoprotective properties of untreated 4°C PLTs. 4°C PLT circulation, however, was unchanged by tubacin treatment, suggesting that circulation time may not be a critical factor in determining the vasculoprotective effects of PLTs. Assessing the factor content of stored PLTs revealed that angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) increased in 4°C PLTs over time, which was further enhanced by tubacin treatment. In addition, angiopoietin-2, an inducer of vascular leak and antagonist of Ang-1, inhibited PLT barrier protection, suggesting involvement of the Tie-2 pathway. This study demonstrates that HDAC-6 inhibition with tubacin attenuates the diminished vasculo-protective properties of 4°C PLTs, and these properties may be independent of PLT circulation time.