bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spin-transfer magnetic random access memory devices with an orthogonal polarizing layer
Authors: Liu Huanlong
Published: May 2014

Spin-transfer magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices with a polarizing layer magnetized perpendicular to the free and the reference layers are believed to improve the writing performance by inducing a large spin-transfer torque on the free layer at the beginning of the switching process. Experimental realizations of such devices, both with all-metal structures and magnetic tunnel junctions have been made. Faster switching with less energy cost in the orthogonal devices has been achieved comparing to their collinear counterparts. In addition, the processional switching process in such devices has been demonstrated in both statistical and time-resolved measurements. Although further theoretical and material studies are needed for thorough understanding of the switching process and improving the device performance, the orthogonal MRAM devices hold great potential for memory applications operating at low temperatures as well as those that require fast writing speed.
Polaronic effects on the collective excitation in a GaAs parabolic quantum wire
Authors: Machado Paulo César Miranda , Osório Francisco Aparecido Pinto , Borges Antonio Newton
Published: May 2014

In this paper, the plasmon-longitudinal optical (LO) phonon interaction effects on the intrasubband structure factor, on the pair correlation function and on the intrasubband plasmon energy associated with the lowest subband in a GaAs parabolic quantum well wire (QWW) are investigated by varying the subband separation energy and the electronic density. The calculations are performed using the self-consistent field approximation, which includes the local-field correction within the Singwi, Tosi, Land and Sjölander (STLS) theory, at zero temperature and assuming a three-subband model where only the first subband is occupied by electrons. The theoretical results obtained via STLS theory are compared with the random phase approximation (RPA) approach results, in order to emphasize the importance of the local field corrections (LFC) for the calculation of the collective excitations in quasi-one-dimensional systems.
Coupling of plasmon and dipolar modes in a monolayer of MoS2
Authors: Lošić Željana Bonačić
Published: May 2014

The dielectric function of a monolayer of molybdenum disulfide is investigated within the model of two-band metal using the random phase approximation (RPA). The large direct bandgap in a monolayer of MoS 2 leads to the appearance of the interband dipolar mode which couples to the intraband plasmon mode. This results in two hybridized modes. The renormalized dipolar mode is close to its bare value, while coupling suppresses the plasmon mode. The obtained modes are responsible for the appearance of dispersing peaks in the energy-loss function.
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM BEAT CLASSIFICATION USING S-TRANSFORM BASED FEATURE SET
Authors: DAS MANAB KUMAR , ARI SAMIT
Published: May 2014

In this paper, the conventional Stockwell transform is effectively used to classify the ECG arrhythmias. The performance of ECG classification mainly depends on feature extraction based on an efficient formation of morphological and temporal features and the design of the classifier. Feature extraction is the important component of designing the system based on pattern recognition since even the best classifier will not perform better if the good features are not selected properly. Here, the S-transform (ST) is used to extract the morphological features which is appended with temporal features. This feature set is independently classified using artificial neural network (NN) and support vector machine (SVM). In this work, five classes of ECG beats (normal, ventricular, supra ventricular, fusion and unknown beats) from Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) arrhythmia database are classified according to AAMI EC57 1998 standard (Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation). Performance is evaluated on several normal and abnormal ECG signals of MIT-BIH arrhythmias database using two classifier techniques: ST with NN classifier (ST-NN) and other proposed ST with SVM classifier (ST-SVM). The proposed method achieves accuracy of 98.47%. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with ST-NN and earlier reported technique.
INNOVATION AND CONNECTIVITY IN NORTHERN EUROPEAN TECHNICAL COOPERATION NETWORKS
Authors: PEARSON MICHAEL , CABRAS IGNAZIO
Published: May 2014

The rationale and policy proposed by two collaborating projects is to increase innovation through improved connectivity among SMEs within Northern European supply chains. To inform project policy, we test the hypothesis "improvement in broadly defined connectivity as online business activity, investment abroad and technical cooperation abroad are associated with enhanced product or service innovation." We test this hypothesis by referring to the EIM Business and Policy Research [EIM Business and Policy Research (2009). Available at http://www.panteia.eu/nl/Projects/reference-archive-SMEs.aspx data set relating to the period 2006 to 2008. We carry out exploratory and probit analysis to identify a strong link between connectivity factors and increased product or service innovation. We also make comparisons between the Baltic, North Sea and other European regions with regard to innovativeness, connectivity and other factors. The Baltic Sea region displays significantly higher levels of innovation and technical cooperation abroad than other European regions, while online business activity is more prevalent in the Baltic and North Sea than in the other regions.
THE IMPACT ON GROWTH OF OUTSIDE-IN AND INSIDE-OUT INNOVATION IN SME NETWORK CONTEXTS
Authors: BRINK TOVE
Published: May 2014

The purpose of this paper is to reveal what impact the dual approaches of outside-in and inside-out innovation have on growth in turnover in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) working together in network context. This is illustrated through research in three informal, Danish food industry networks with 60 SMEs responding. The research employs structural equation modelling for statistical analyses.

The findings reveal that both the outside-in and the inside-out approaches have a significant positive impact on innovation and growth. The findings shed light on the need for combined dual organising of both to enable innovation and growth. Moreover, the network context does not significantly utilise theoretical insights on loose coupled systems.

A contribution is made to innovation theory on the duality of the outside-in and the inside-out approaches for a combined understanding of the impact on innovation and growth. A contribution is also made to the SME-network for organising the loosely coupled system in a dual approach.
What is the (Real Option) Value of a College Degree?
Authors: Stokes Jeffrey R.
Published: May 2014

The value of a college degree is often quantified as the difference in earnings between those with and without a degree. The research presented here operationalizes this idea in two important ways. First, since future income and tuition are uncertain, a contingent claims model is developed and the appropriate discount rate for valuing future earnings is, therefore, endogenized given an economy that does not permit arbitrage. Second, the model is sensitive to the valuation of the real option to obtain an advanced degree in addition to the valuation of the earnings for an individual with an undergraduate degree. In this framework, the value of a high school diploma is shown to be the sum of: (1) capitalized earnings, (2) the real option to obtain an undergraduate degree and (3) the embedded or compound real option to obtain an advanced degree. Numerical examples are presented that demonstrate the performance and key drivers of the model. One important finding is that by ignoring the real options to further one's education, the value of a college degree is likely significantly understated.
Restrictions on Allocation Discretion: Evidence from Clawbacks in Hong Kong IPOs
Authors: Morales-Camargo Emmanuel
Published: May 2014

The presence of both restricted and unrestricted, US-style, bookbuilt initial public offer (IPOs) in Hong Kong provides an ideal environment to test numerous underpricing models by simultaneously measuring the effects of allocation restrictions on the investment bankers' price discovery, underwriting, and distribution functions. While clawbacks, a set of allocation restrictions favoring retail investors not participating in the roadshow result in diminished and more expensive price discovery, they also reduce the investment bankers' dependence on institutional investors to dispose off IPO shares, resulting in lower underpricing. This favors models that highlight the importance of the underwriting function on underpricing, and shows that allocation restrictions can impact more than just price discovery. In addition, this study shows that individual investors can partially offset the loss of roadshow information caused by clawbacks, countering the idea that investment banks are unable to extract any pricing information from investors outside their list of roadshow regulars.
Top cross-sections and single top
Authors: Schwienhorst Reinhard ,   (On behalf of the ATLAS, CMS, CDF, D0 Collaborations)
Published: May 2014

This paper summarizes top quark cross-section measurements at the Tevatron and the LHC. Top quark pair production cross-sections have been measured in all decay modes by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the LHC and by the CDF and D0 collaborations at the Tevatron. Single top quark production has been observed at both the Tevatron and the LHC. The t-channel and associated Wt production modes have been observed at the LHC and evidence for s-channel production has been reported by the Tevatron collaborations.
Proton structure functions at HERA
Authors: Abt Iris ,   (On Behalf of the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations)
Published: May 2014

The "proton structure" is a wide field. Discussed are predominantly the precision measurements of the proton structure functions at HERA and some of their implications for the LHC measurements. In addition, a discussion of what a proton structure function represents is provided. Finally, a connection to nuclear physics is attempted. This contribution is an updated reprint of a contribution to "Deep Inelastic Scattering 2012".1
Applications of higher order QCD
Authors: Höche Stefan
Published: May 2014

In this talk we summarize some recent developments in perturbative QCD and their application to particle physics phenomenology.
Review of electron neutrino appearance oscillation experiments
Authors: Paolone V.
Published: May 2014

A review of νe appearance oscillation experiments is presented. The measurement of the appearance signal is of particular interest because this mode is sensitive to both θ13, δCP and other mixing parameters. Using the value of θ13 measured by reactor neutrino experiments (disappearance studies) present and next generation appearance experiments can explore CP violation.
Neutrinoless double beta decay experiments
Authors: Garfagnini Alberto
Published: May 2014

Neutrinoles double beta decay is the only process known so far able to test the neutrino intrinsic nature: its experimental observation would imply that the lepton number is violated by two units and prove that neutrinos have a Majorana mass components, being their own anti-particle. While several experiments searching for such a rare decay have been performed in the past, a new generation of experiments using different isotopes and techniques have recently released their results or are raking data and will provide new limits, should no signal be observed, in the next few years to come. The present contribution reviews the latest public results on double beta decay searches and gives an overview on the expected sensitivities of the experiments in construction which will be able to set stronger limits in the near future.
Prospects for Higgs boson scenarios beyond the standard model
Authors: Stål Oscar
Published: May 2014

The new particle recently discovered at the Large Hadron Collider has properties compatible with those expected for the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson. However, this does not exclude the possibility that the discovered state is of non-standard origin, as part of an elementary Higgs sector in an extended model, or not at all a fundamental Higgs scalar. We review briefly the motivations for Higgs boson scenarios beyond the SM, discuss the phenomenology of several examples, and summarize the prospects and methods for studying interesting models with non-standard Higgs sectors using current and future data.
Review of B and Bs decays
Authors: Bozzi Concezio
Published: May 2014

A review of B and Bs decays is presented. Emphasis is given to processes most sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model, such as radiative, electroweak and "Higgs" penguin decays, and tree-level decays involving tau leptons in the final state. An outlook on future perspectives is also given.
Charmonium and light hadron spectroscopy
Authors: Shen Chengping
Published: May 2014

In this report I review some results on the charmonium and light hadron spectroscopy mainly from BESIII and Belle experiments. For the charmonium, the contents include the observation of ψ(4040)/ψ(4160) → ηJ/ψ, the measurements of the ηc/ηc(2S) resonance parameters and their decays, the evidence of the ψ2(13D2) state in the χc1γ mass spectrum. For the light hadron spectroscopy, the contents include the X(1835) research in e+e- → J/ψ + X(1835) and γγ → η′π+π- processes, and the analysis of the ηη, ωϕ, ϕϕ and ωω mass spectra in low mass region.
Third generation superpartners: Results from ATLAS and CMS
Authors: Poveda J. ,   (On behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations)
Published: May 2014

These proceedings discuss results from recent searches for third generation SUSY particles by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC. Analyses performed with 8 TeV data probing direct pair production of bottom and top squarks are presented.
Performance and operation experience of the ATLAS Semiconductor Tracker
Authors: Liang Zhijun ,   (On Behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration)
Published: May 2014

We report on the operation and performance of the ATLAS Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT), which has been functioning for 3 years in the high luminosity, high radiation environment of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. We also report on the few improvements of the SCT foreseen for the high energy run of the LHC. We find 99.3% of the SCT modules are operational, the noise occupancy and hit efficiency exceed the design specifications; the alignment is very close to the ideal to allow on-line track reconstruction and invariant mass determination. We will report on the operation and performance of the detector including an overview of the issues encountered. We observe a significant increase in leakage currents from bulk damage due to non-ionizing radiation and make comparisons with the predictions.
The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter performance at LHC
Authors: Molander Simon ,   (On behalf of the ATLAS Collaboration)
Published: May 2014

This paper gives an overview of the performance of the Tile Calorimeter of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Detector performances with respect to electronic noise and cell response are presented. In addition, an overview of the partially overlapping calibration systems is given.
The status of the Double Chooz experiment
Authors: Yang Guang ,   (On behalf of Double Chooa Experiment Collaboration)
Published: May 2014

Double Chooz is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment at Chooz, France. The purpose of this experiment is to measure the non-zero neutrino oscillation parameter θ13, a parameter for changing electron neutrinos into other neutrinos. This experiment uses reactors of the Chooz Nuclear Power Plant as a neutrino source. Double Chooz has published two papers with results showing the measurement of the mixing angle, and 3rd publication is processing.
Highest energy particle physics with the Pierre Auger Observatory
Authors: Mariazzi Analisa ,   For the Pierre Auger Collaboration (Observatorio Pierre Auger, Av. San Martin Norte 304, 5613 Malargüe, Argentina; auger_spokespersons@fnal.gov – Full author list: http://www.auger.org/archive/authors_2013_05.html)
Published: May 2014

Astroparticles offer a new path for research in the field of particle physics, allowing investigations at energies above those accesible with accelerators. Ultra-high energy cosmic rays can be studied via the observation of the showers they generate in the atmosphere. The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays, combining two complementary measurement techniques used by previous experiments, to get the best possible measurements of these air showers. Shower observations enable one to not only estimate the energy, direction and most probable mass of the primary cosmic particles but also to obtain some information about the properties of their hadronic interactions. Results that are most relevant in the context of determining hadronic interaction characteristics at ultra-high energies will be presented.
Partial wave analysis at BESIII
Authors: Liu Beijiang ,   (For BESIII collaboration)
Published: May 2014

The BESIII experiment in Beijing takes data in τ-charm domain since 2009. For the moment the world largest samples of J/ψ, ψ(3686), ψ(3770) and ψ(4040) data have been collected. Hadron spectroscopy is a unique way to access QCD, which is one of the most important physics goals of BESIII. Experimental search of new forms of hadrons and subsequent investigation of their properties would provide validation of and valuable input to the quantitative understanding of QCD. The key to success lies in high levels of precision during the measurement and high statistics in the recorded data set complemented with sophisticated analysis methods. Partial wave analysis (PWA) is a powerful tool to study the hadron spectroscopy, that allows one to extract the resonance's spin-parity, mass, width and decay properties with high sensitivity and accuracy. In this poster, we present the working PWA framework of BESIII – GPUPWA and the recent results of PWA of J/ψ → γηη. GPUPWA is a PWA framework for high statistics partial wave analyses harnessing the GPU parallel computing.
Observation of the X(1840) at BESIII
Authors: Zhang Jingqing ,   (on Behalf of the BESIII Collaboration)
Published: May 2014

Observation of the X(1840) in the 3(π+π-) invariant mass in J/ψ → γ3(π+π-) at BESIII is reviewed. With a sample of 225.3 × 106J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, the X(1840) is observed with a statistical significance of 7.6σ. The mass, width and product branching fraction of the X(1840) are determined. The decay η′ → 3(π+π-) is searched for, and the upper limit of the branching fraction is set at the 90% confidence level.
A microfluidic device to select for cells based on chemotactic phenotype
Authors: Bajpai Saumendra , Mitchell Michael J. , King Michael R. , Reinhart-King Cynthia A.
Published: May 2014

In the search for biomarkers of metastasis, attention has been largely placed on ensemble-averaged measurements that screen for molecules or genes. However, individual molecular changes do not always result in disease, and population-based measurements can mask the molecular signatures of the cells responsible for disease. Here, we describe a device that selects for cells based on chemotactic behavior rather than based on molecular differences, enabling the most aggressive cells to be studied independently from the heterogeneous population.
Brain-on-a-chip microsystem for investigating traumatic brain injury: Axon diameter and mitochondrial membrane changes play a significant role in axonal response to strain injuries
Authors: Dollé Jean-Pierre , Morrison Barclay , Schloss Rene S. , Yarmush Martin L.
Published: May 2014

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a devastating consequence of traumatic brain injury, resulting in significant axon and neuronal degeneration. Currently, therapeutic options are limited. Using our brain-on-a-chip device, we evaluated axonal responses to DAI. We observed that axonal diameter plays a significant role in response to strain injury, which correlated to delayed elasticity and inversely correlated to axonal beading and axonal degeneration. When changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were monitored an applied strain injury threshold was noted, below which delayed hyperpolarization was observed and above which immediate depolarization occurred. When the NHE-1 inhibitor EIPA was administered before injury, inhibition in both hyperpolarization and depolarization occurred along with axonal degeneration. Therefore, axonal diameter plays a significant role in strain injury and our brain-on-a-chip technology can be used both to understand the biochemical consequences of DAI and screen for potential therapeutic agents.
Rapid ratiometric biomarker detection with topically applied SERS nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yu "Winston" , Khan Altaz , Som Madhura , Wang Danni , Chen Ye , Leigh Steven Y. , Meza Daphne , McVeigh Patrick Z. , Wilson Brian C. , Liu Jonathan T.C.
Published: May 2014

Multiplexed surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles (NPs) offer the potential for rapid molecular phenotyping of tissues, thereby enabling accurate disease detection as well as patient stratification to guide personalized therapies or to monitor treatment outcomes. The clinical success of molecular diagnostics based on SERS NPs would be facilitated by the ability to accurately identify tissue biomarkers under time-constrained staining and detection conditions with a portable device. In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experiments were performed to optimize the technology and protocols for the rapid detection (0.1-s integration time) of multiple cell-surface biomarkers with a miniature fiber-optic spectral-detection probe following a brief (5 min) topical application of SERS NPs on tissues. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the simultaneous detection and ratiometric quantification of targeted and nontargeted NPs allows for an unambiguous assessment of molecular expression that is insensitive to nonspecific variations in NP concentrations.
A High Accuracy Pedestrian Detection System Combining a Cascade AdaBoost Detector and Random Vector Functional-Link Net
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Yoon Sook , Xie Shan Juan , Lu Yu , Park Dong Sun
Published: May 2014

In pedestrian detection methods, their high accuracy detection rates are always obtained at the cost of a large amount of false pedestrians. In order to overcome this problem, the authors propose an accurate pedestrian detection system based on two machine learning methods: cascade AdaBoost detector and random vector functional-link net. During the offline training phase, the parameters of a cascade AdaBoost detector and random vector functional-link net are trained by standard dataset. These candidates, extracted by the strategy of a multiscale sliding window, are normalized to be standard scale and verified by the cascade AdaBoost detector and random vector functional-link net on the online phase. Only those candidates with high confidence can pass the validation. The proposed system is more accurate than other single machine learning algorithms with fewer false pedestrians, which has been confirmed in simulation experiment on four datasets.
Purification, Characterization, and Potential of Saline Waste Water Remediation of a Polyextremophilicα-Amylase from an Obligate HalophilicAspergillus gracilis
Authors: Ali Imran , Akbar Ali , Yanwisetpakdee Benjawan , Prasongsuk Sehanat , Lotrakul Pongtharin , Punnapayak Hunsa
Published: May 2014

An obligate halophilicAspergillus graciliswhich was isolated from a hypersaline man-made saltern from Thailand was screened for its potential of producing extracellularα-amylase in the previous studies. In this study theα-amylase was extracted and purified by the help of column chromatography using Sephadex G-100 column. Presence of amylase was verified by SDS-PAGE analysis, showing a single band of approximately 35 kDa. The specific activity of the enzyme was found to be 131.02 U/mg. The Lineweaver-Burk plot showed theVmaxandKmvalues of 8.36 U/mg and 6.33 mg/mL, respectively. The enzyme was found to have the best activity at 5 pH, 60°C, and 30% of NaCl concentration, showing its polyextremophilic nature. The use of various additives did not show much variation in the activity of enzyme, showing its resilience against inhibitors. The enzyme, when tested for its use for synthetic waste water remediation by comparing its activity with commercial amylase in different salt concentrations showed that theα-amylase fromA. graciliswas having better performance at increasing salt concentrations than the commercial one. This shows its potential to be applied in saline waste water and other low water activity effluents for bioremediation.
A System Dynamics Approach to Modeling Future Climate Scenarios: Quantifying and Projecting Patterns of Evapotranspiration and Precipitation in the Salton Sea Watershed
Authors: Kjelland Michael E. , Swannack Todd M. , Grant William E.
Published: May 2014

The need for improved quantitative precipitation forecasts and realistic assessments of the regional impacts of natural climate variability and climate change has generated increased interest in regional (i.e., systems-scale) climate simulation. The Salton Sea Stochastic Simulation Model (S4M) was developed to assist planners and residents of the Salton Sea (SS) transboundary watershed (USA and Mexico) in making sound policy decisions regarding complex water-related issues. In order to develop the S4M with a higher degree of climate forecasting resolution, an in-depth analysis was conducted regarding precipitation and evapotranspiration for the semiarid region of the watershed. Weather station data were compiled for both precipitation and evapotranspiration from 1980 to 2004. Several logistic regression models were developed for determining the relationships among precipitation events, that is, duration and volume, and evapotranspiration levels. These data were then used to develop a stochastic weather generator for S4M. Analyses revealed that the cumulative effects and changes of ±10 percent in SS inflows can have significant effects on sea elevation and salinity. The aforementioned technique maintains the relationships between the historic frequency distributions of both precipitation and evapotranspiration, and not as separate unconnected and constrained variables.
Outcomes Research in Perioperative Medicine
Authors: Stundner Ottokar , Memtsoudis Stavros G.
Published: May 2014

Outcomes research is emerging as an invaluable approach to the scientific evaluation of healthcare in a real-world rather than an experimental environment. There is much interest in the differential evaluation of existing interventions with regard to different patient populations. Moreover, various comorbid conditions necessitate analysis for the specific additional risk those factors convey in the perioperative arena, a task often difficult to accomplish without population-based techniques. The authors' group has conducted significant work in perioperative outcomes research utilizing CER and database analysis methodology, with focus on orthopedic surgery and anesthesiology. Our research resulted in numerous publications affecting policy and patient care over the last number of years. Knowledge on immediate perioperative outcomes of anesthesia and surgery is of very high interest not only to clinicians but also to administrators and policymakers, as it allows for risk assessment and allocation of resources. This review is not intended to be a systematic review but rather to (1) provide a brief overview over the theoretical basis of CER and population-based database research, (2) give an overview of our work with various points of focus, and (3) offer a perspective on the future development in perioperative medicine.
Effect of Achyranthes bidentata Blume on 3T3‐L1 Adipogenesis and Rats Fed with a High‐Fat Diet
Authors: Oh Sang Deog , Kim Mihyun , Min Byung-Il , Choi Gi Soon , Kim Sun-Kwang , Bae Hyunsu , Kang Chulhun , Kim Deok-Gon , Park Byoung-Jin , Kim Chang Keun
Published: May 2014

The present study investigated the antiobesity effect of Achyranthes bidentata Blume root water extract in a 3T3‐L1 adipocyte differentiation model and rats fed with a high‐fat diet. To investigate the effect of Achyranthes bidentata Blume on adipogenesis in vitro, differentiating 3T3‐L1 cells in adipocyte‐induction media were treated every two days with Achyranthes bidentata Blume at various concentrations (1 to 25 μg/mL) for eight days. We found that Achyranthes bidentata Blume root inhibited 3T3‐L1 adipocyte differentiation without affecting cell viability, and Western blot analysis revealed that phospho‐Akt expression was markedly decreased, whereas there was no significant change in perilipin expression. Furthermore, administration of Achyranthes bidentata Blume root (0.5 g/kg body weight for six weeks) to rats fed with a high‐fat diet significantly reduced body weight gain without affecting food intake, and the level of triglyceride was significantly decreased when compared to those in rats fed with only a high‐fat diet. These results suggest that Achyranthes bidentata Blume root water extract could have a beneficial effect on inhibition of adipogenesis and controlling body weight in rats fed with a high‐fat diet.
An Efficient Analytical Method for Vibration Analysis of a Beam on Elastic Foundation with Elastically Restrained Ends
Authors: Yayli Mustafa Özgür , Aras Murat , Aksoy Süleyman
Published: May 2014

An efficient analytical method for vibration analysis of a Euler-Bernoulli beam on elastic foundation with elastically restrained ends has been reported. A Fourier sine series with Stoke’s transformation is used to obtain the vibration response. The general frequency determinant is developed on the basis of the analytical solution of the governing differential equation for all potential solution cases with rigid or restrained boundary conditions. Numerical analyses are performed to investigate the effects of various parameters, such as the springs at the boundaries to examine how the elastic foundation parameters affect the vibration frequencies.
Examination of the Compatibility of the Photogrammetric Method with the Phenomenon of Mora Projection in the Evaluation of Scoliosis
Authors: Drzał-Grabiec Justyna , Snela Sławomir , Podgórska-Bednarz Justyna , Rykała Justyna , Banaś Agnieszka
Published: May 2014

Introduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of external measurements of parameters characterizing scoliosis using the photogrammetric method.Material.The study involved 120 children between the ages of 7 and 11 years in Podkarpackie (Poland).Method. Measurements of body posture characteristics were performed using the photogrammetric method with mora projection. Each person was examined twice, once by two different therapists, with a time lapse of 20 minutes in between examinations.Results. High accuracy and no statistical significance were found among different measurements of asymmetry parameters characterizing the shoulder blades and hips. Regularities were also found in the characteristic measurements of curves of scoliosis. The POSTI parameter showed a significant variation and lack of compatibility of results.Conclusions. (1) The photogrammetric method used to assess the pathological changes caused by scoliosis gives significant results in terms of parameters characterizing the position of the shoulder blades and shoulders, as well as pelvis rotation. (2) High compliance measurements are also characterized by the length of the right and left arcs of scoliosis.
The Research on Web-Based Testing Environment Using Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Lu Peng , Cong Xiao , Zhou Dongdai
Published: May 2014

The computerized evaluation is now one of the most important methods to diagnose learning; with the application of artificial intelligence techniques in the field of evaluation, the computerized adaptive testing gradually becomes one of the most important evaluation methods. In this test, the computer dynamic updates the learner's ability level and selects tailored items from the item pool. In order to meet the needs of the test it requires that the system has a relatively high efficiency of the implementation. To solve this problem, we proposed a novel method of web-based testing environment based on simulated annealing algorithm. In the development of the system, through a series of experiments, we compared the simulated annealing method and other methods of the efficiency and efficacy. The experimental results show that this method ensures choosing nearly optimal items from the item bank for learners, meeting a variety of assessment needs, being reliable, and having valid judgment in the ability of learners. In addition, using simulated annealing algorithm to solve the computing complexity of the system greatly improves the efficiency of select items from system and near-optimal solutions.
Comparison between an Acrylic Splint Herbst and an Acrylic Splint Miniscrew-Herbst for Mandibular Incisors Proclination Control
Authors: Manni Antonio , Pasini Marco , Mazzotta Laura , Mutinelli Sabrina , Nuzzo Claudio , Grassi Felice Roberto , Cozzani Mauro
Published: May 2014

Aim. The aim of this study is to compare dental and skeletal effects produced by an acrylic splint Herbst with and without skeletal anchorage for correction of dental class II malocclusion.Methods. The test group was formed by 14 patients that were treated with an acrylic splint miniscrew-Herbst; miniscrews were placed between mandibular second premolars and first molars; controls also consisted of 14 subjects that were treated with an acrylic splint Herbst and no miniscrews. Cephalometric measurements before and after Herbst treatment were compared. The value ofαfor significance was set at 0.05.Results. All subjects from both groups were successfully treated to a bilateral Class I relationship; mean treatment time was 8,1 months in the test group and 7.8 in the controls. Several variables did not have a statistical significant difference between the two groups. Some of the variables, instead, presented a significant difference such as incisor flaring, mandibular bone base position, and skeletal discrepancy.Conclusions. This study showed that the Herbst appliance associated to miniscrews allowed a better control of the incisor flaring with a greater mandibular skeletal effect.
Recent Trends in Detection of Huntingtin and Preclinical Models of Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Mantha Neelima , Das Nandita G. , Das Sudip K.
Published: May 2014

Huntington’s disease is a genetically inherited neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by neuronal cell death in the brain. Molecular biology techniques to detect and quantify huntingtin protein in biological samples involve fluorescence imaging, western blotting, and PCR. Modified cell lines are widely used as models for Huntington’s disease for preclinical screening of drugs to study their ability to suppress the expression of huntingtin. Although worm and fly species have been experimented on as models for Huntington’s disease, the most successful animal models have been reported to be primates. This review critically analyses the molecular biology techniques for detection and quantitation of huntingtin and evaluates the various animal species for use as models for Huntington’s disease.
Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography for Macular Edema
Authors: Badaró Emmerson , Novais Eduardo , Prodocimo Larissa Maria , Sallum Juliana M. Ferraz
Published: May 2014

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a rapid noncontact method that allows in vivo imaging of the retina and it has become an important component in clinical practice. OCT is a useful ancillary tool for assessing retinal diseases because of its ability to provide cross-sectional retinal images and quantitatively analyze retinal morphology. The introduction of spectral-domain OCT provided major improvements in image acquisition speed and image resolution. Future studies will address how these major technologic advances will impact the use of OCT in research and clinical practice.
Comparative Numerical Analysis of Sheet Formed into a V-Shaped Die Using Conventional and Electromagnetic Forming Processes
Authors: Kim Jeong , Noh Hak-Gon , Song Woo-Jin , Kang Beom-Soo
Published: May 2014

A comparative and numerical study on the formability of a sheet formed into a V-shaped die using a conventional stamping operation and an electromagnetic forming (EMF) process was performed. To evaluate the damage evolution and failure prediction using a finite-element method (FEM), the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman plasticity material model was employed in the numerical simulation. The impact of the sheet with the die generates a complex stress state during the EMF process. Damage suppression due to the tool-sheet interaction may be one of the main factors contributing to the increased formability in the EMF process compared to the conventional forming operation. In addition, a high level of kinetic energy produces high strain-rate constitutive and inertial effects, which delay the onset of necking and may also be responsible for the increased formability using EMF.
A Bottleneck Detection Algorithm for Complex Product Assembly Line Based on Maximum Operation Capacity
Authors: Zhao Dongping , Tian Xitian , Geng Junhao
Published: May 2014

Because of the complex constraints in complex product assembly line, existing algorithms not always detect bottleneck correctly and they have a low convergence rate. In order to solve this problem, a hybrid algorithm of adjacency matrix and improved genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed. First, complex assembly network model (CANM) was defined based on operation capacity of each workstation. Second, adjacency matrix was proposed to convert bottleneck detection of complex assembly network (CAN) into a combinatorial optimization problem of max‐flow. Third, an improved GA was proposed to solve this max‐flow problem by retaining the best chromosome. Finally, the min‐cut sets of CAN were obtained after calculation, and bottleneck workstations were detected according to the analysis of min‐cut sets. A case study shows that this algorithm can detect bottlenecks correctly and its convergence rate is high.
A Bio-Inspired Method for the Constrained Shortest Path Problem
Authors: Wang Hongping , Lu Xi , Zhang Xiaoge , Wang Qing , Deng Yong
Published: May 2014

The constrained shortest path (CSP) problem has been widely used in transportation optimization, crew scheduling, network routing and so on. It is an open issue since it is a NP-hard problem. In this paper, we propose an innovative method which is based on the internal mechanism of the adaptive amoeba algorithm. The proposed method is divided into two parts. In the first part, we employ the original amoeba algorithm to solve the shortest path problem in directed networks. In the second part, we combine thePhysarumalgorithm with a bio-inspired rule to deal with the CSP. Finally, by comparing the results with other method using an examples in DCLC problem, we demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method.
Some Lp Inequalities for Polynomials Not Vanishing inside a Circle
Authors: Mir Abdullah , Dar Bilal
Published: May 2014

If P(z) is a polynomial of degree n having no zeros in |z|<1, then it is known that, for all α,β∈𝒞 with |α|≤1, |β|≤1, R>r≥1, and p>0, P(Rz)-αP(rz)+β{((R+1)/(r+1))n-|α|}P(rz)p≤([Rn-αrn+β{((R+1)/(r+1))n-|α|}]z+[1-α+β{((R+1)/(r+1))n-α}]p/1+zp)P(z)p. In this paper, we will prove a result which not only generalizes the above inequality but also generalize and refines the various results pertaining to the Lp norm of P(z)∀p>0. We will also prove a result which extends and refines a result of Boas Jr. and Rahman (1962). Also we will see that our results lead to some striking conclusions giving refinements and generalizations of other well-known results.
Infinitely Many Homoclinic Solutions for Second Order Nonlinear Difference Equations withp-Laplacian
Authors: Sun Guowei , Mai Ali
Published: May 2014

We employ Nehari manifold methods and critical point theory to study the existence of nontrivial homoclinic solutions of discretep-Laplacian equations with a coercive weight function and superlinear nonlinearity. Without assuming the classical Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition and without any periodicity assumptions, we prove the existence and multiplicity results of the equations.
A Network Biology Approach to Discover the Molecular Biomarker Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhuang Liwei , Wu Yun , Han Jiwu , Ling Xiaohua , Wang Liguo , Zhu Chengyan , Fu Yili
Published: May 2014

In recent years, high throughput technologies such as microarray platform have provided a new avenue for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) investigation. Traditionally, gene sets enrichment analysis of survival related genes is commonly used to reveal the underlying functional mechanisms. However, this approach usually produces too many candidate genes and cannot discover detailed signaling transduction cascades, which greatly limits their clinical application such as biomarker development. In this study, we have proposed a network biology approach to discover novel biomarkers from multidimensional omics data. This approach effectively combines clinical survival data with topological characteristics of human protein interaction networks and patients expression profiling data. It can produce novel network based biomarkers together with biological understanding of molecular mechanism. We have analyzed eighty HCC expression profiling arrays and identified that extracellular matrix and programmed cell death are the main themes related to HCC progression. Compared with traditional enrichment analysis, this approach can provide concrete and testable hypothesis on functional mechanism. Furthermore, the identified subnetworks can potentially be used as suitable targets for therapeutic intervention in HCC.
Analytical Solutions of Fractional Differential Equations Using the Convenient Adomian Series
Authors: Shi Xiang-Chao , Huang Lan-Lan , Deng Zhen-Guo , Liu Dan
Published: May 2014

Due to the memory trait of the fractional calculus, numerical or analytical solution of higher order becomes very difficult even impossible to obtain in real engineering problems. Recently, a new and convenient way was suggested to calculate the Adomian series and the higher order approximation was realized. In this paper, the Adomian decomposition method is applied to nonlinear fractional differential equation and the error analysis is given which shows the convenience.
Cn-Almost Periodic Functions and an Application to a Lasota-Wazewska Model on Time Scales
Authors: Yang Li , Li Yongkun , Wu Wanqin
Published: May 2014

We first give the definition and some properties ofCn-almost periodic functions on time scales. Then, as an application, we are concerned with a class of Lasota-Wazewska models on time scales. By means of the fixed point theory and differential inequality techniques on time scales, we obtain some sufficient conditions ensuring the existence and global exponential stability ofC1-almost periodic solutions for the considered model. Our results are essentially new whenT=RorT=Z. Finally, we present a numerical example to show the feasibility of obtained results.
Convergence of TTS Iterative Method for Non‐Hermitian Positive Definite Linear Systems
Authors: Zhang Cheng-Yi , Yang Yu-Qian , Sun Qiang
Published: May 2014

The TTS iterative method is proposed to solve non‐Hermitian positive definite linear systems and some convergence conditions are presented. Subsequently, these convergence conditions are applied to the ALUS method proposed by Xiang et al. in 2012 and comparison of some convergence theorems is made. Furthermore, an example is given to demonstrate the results obtained in this paper.
The Multivariate Müntz-Szasz Problem in Weighted Banach Space onRn
Authors: Yang Xiangdong
Published: May 2014

The purpose of this paper is to give an extension of Müntz-Szasz theorems to multivariable weighted Banach space. Denote by{λk=(λk1,λk2,...,λkn)}k=1∞a sequence of real numbers inR+n. The completeness of monomials{tλk}inCαis investigated, whereCαis the weighted Banach spaces which consist of complex continuous functionsfdefined onRnwithf(t)exp(-α(t))vanishing at infinity in the uniform norm.
Imatinib: A Breakthrough of Targeted Therapy in Cancer
Authors: Iqbal Nida , Iqbal Naveed
Published: May 2014

Deregulated protein tyrosine kinase activity is central to the pathogenesis of human cancers. Targeted therapy in the form of selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has transformed the approach to management of various cancers and represents a therapeutic breakthrough. Imatinib was one of the first cancer therapies to show the potential for such targeted action. Imatinib, an oral targeted therapy, inhibits tyrosine kinases specifically BCR-ABL, c-KIT, and PDGFRA. Apart from its remarkable success in CML and GIST, Imatinib benefits various other tumors caused by Imatinib-specific abnormalities of PDGFR and c-KIT. Imatinib has also been proven to be effective in steroid-refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease because of its anti-PDGFR action. This paper is a comprehensive review of the role of Imatinib in oncology.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Bis-4,6-sulfonamidated 5,7-Dinitrobenzofuroxans
Authors: Galkina Irina V. , Tudriy Elena V. , Bakhtiyarova Yuliya V. , Usupova Luiza M. , Shulaeva Marina P. , Pozdeev Oskar K. , Egorova Svetlana N. , Galkin Vladimir I.
Published: May 2014

A new series of bis-4,6-sulfonamidated 5,7-dinitrbenzofuroxans  7–11had been synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity. The structures of new sulfanilamide derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MALDITOF). The synthesized compounds were tested for theirin vitroantimicrobial activity using the disk diffusion method against Gram-positive bacteriaStaphylococcus aureus; the Gram-negative bacteriaEscherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andProteus mirabilis; the fungal strainAspergillus niger; and the yeast-like pathogenic fungusCandida albicans. Our results indicate that the compounds7–11exhibit potent antimicrobial activity. The stability of the compounds was evaluated by TG and DSC methods.
Preliminary Experience with Small Animal SPECT Imaging on Clinical Gamma Cameras
Authors: Aguiar P. , Silva-Rodríguez J. , Herranz M. , Ruibal A.
Published: May 2014

The traditional lack of techniques suitable forin vivoimaging has induced a great interest in molecular imaging for preclinical research. Nevertheless, its use spreads slowly due to the difficulties in justifying the high cost of the current dedicated preclinical scanners. An alternative for lowering the costs is to repurpose old clinical gamma cameras to be used for preclinical imaging. In this paper we assess the performance of a portable device, that is, working coupled to a single-head clinical gamma camera, and we present our preliminary experience in several small animal applications. Our findings, based on phantom experiments and animal studies, provided an image quality, in terms of contrast-noise trade-off, comparable to dedicated preclinical pinhole-based scanners. We feel that our portable device offers an opportunity for recycling the widespread availability of clinical gamma cameras in nuclear medicine departments to be used in small animal SPECT imaging and we hope that it can contribute to spreading the use of preclinical imaging within institutions on tight budgets.