bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achados hematológicos da erliquiose canina: Um estudo de casos
Authors: Bothrel João Pedro Mendonça , Maciel Laura Aschar , Oliveira Luiz Antonio Terra de , Costa Letícia Ferreira , Araújo Ivana
Published: June 2024

A Erliquiose canina, causada pela bactéria Ehrlichia canis, é uma doença infecciosa transmitida por carrapatos que afeta cães de todas as raças, idades e sexos. Seus sintomas podem variar de leves a intensos, podendo até ser assintomáticos. O diagnóstico é crucial e pode ser feito por meio de sinais clínicos e achados hematológicos, sendo o hemograma uma ferramenta essencial. Este estudo investigou os achados hematológicos da erliquiose em cinco casos de cães diagnosticados com a doença. Foram observadas alterações como anemia normocítica normocrômica, trombocitopenia, leucocitose e pancitopenia, variando de acordo com a fase da doença. Em casos graves, foram necessárias transfusões sanguíneas e fluidoterapia para tratamento. A discussão dos casos revelou a progressão da doença, desde casos iniciais com sintomas sutis até casos graves com falência de órgãos. O agravamento da erliquiose foi associado ao baixo número de plaquetas conforme a doença avança, destacando a importância do diagnóstico precoce. Conclui-se que a erliquiose canina representa um desafio significativo para a saúde dos cães, e a conscientização dos tutores sobre a gravidade da doença é fundamental. A prevenção, por meio de campanhas educativas e diagnóstico precoce por meio do hemograma, é essencial para o tratamento eficaz e o prognóstico favorável dos animais afetados.
Desenvolvimento anatômico dos testículos de cães e as implicações clínicas do criptorquidismo
Authors: Mothé Gabriele Barros , Silva João Victor Narciso da , Batista Juliana Câncio , Cunha Maria Gabriela Lima da , Nascimento Jéssica Carvalho do , Bastos Giovanna Garcia , Moreira Luize Lopes Alves , Pereira Rafael Ribeiro , Linhares Roberta Gomes , Mendes Junior Aguinaldo Francisco
Published: June 2024

O testículo do cão é uma glândula reprodutiva oval localizada no escroto, responsável pela produção de espermatozoides e hormônios sexuais, como a testosterona. No entanto, em algumas situações ocorre falha na descida de um ou ambos os testículos para o escroto durante o desenvolvimento embrionário e fetal ou logo após o nascimento, caracterizando o criptorquidismo, que é uma das anomalias congênitas mais comuns em cães. Essa condição tem implicações significativas para a saúde reprodutiva e o bem-estar dos cães afetados, além de apresentar desafios para a criação e seleção de reprodutores. Baseado nisso, este trabalho tem o objetivo de descrever a anatomia do testículo do cão e o seu desenvolvimento, além de apresentar as alterações anatômicas associadas ao criptorquidismo e as implicações clínicas dessa condição para a saúde desses animais, por meio de uma revisão da literatura. A compreensão da anatomia normal do sistema reprodutivo masculino e das alterações associadas ao criptorquidismo é fundamental para o diagnóstico, manejo e aconselhamento genético adequados. A etiologia do criptorquidismo em cães é multifatorial, envolvendo componentes genéticos e ambientais. Além disso, distúrbios endócrinos, maternos, exposição a desreguladores endócrinos e outras influências ambientais durante a gestação também podem contribuir para a ocorrência dessa anomalia tão frequente quanto preocupante no atendimento de cães.
KINERJA BPBD DALAM MENANGGULANGI KEBAKARAN DI DAERAH PASAR BAWAH KOTA LAHAT TAHUN 2020
Authors: Dendi Okta Tri , Febriyanti Doris , Isabella Isabella
Published: June 2024

Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Lahat merupakan suatu instansi yang bergerak di bidang kebencanaan sehingga suatu daerah yang mempunyai bencana kebakaran permukiman ditanggungjawabkan oleh Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Lahat. Metode penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif. dimulai dari metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, metode analisis data deskriptif dengan empat macam sifat, yaitu analisis induktif, proses pengumpulan data, proses interaktif, dan proses siklus. Adapun hasil penelitian dalam kinerja Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Lahat dalam menanggulangi kebakaran daerah Pasar Bawah Lahat tahun 2020 kurang baik Karena dengan sistem pelayanan dari Badan penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Lahat mengenai pengaduan bencana terhadap masyarakat dan dengan keterbatasan anggaran masih tidak ada kejelasan dalam membuat Rancangan Anggaran Biaya untuk pelatihan dan sosialisasi serta dengan ketidak transparan terhadap anggaran Rekontruksi kebakaran Pasar Bawah Lahat tahun 2020 dan kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Lahat. Maka dari itu Badan Penangulangan Bencana Daerah untuk memperbaiki secara sistem internal, mempersiapkan lebih baik terhadap masyarakat serta keterbukaan kepada masyarakat dalam hal kebencanaan sehingga yang diharapkan masyarakat itu sesuai dengan keinginan masyarakat.
ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A SOLAR CELL WITH NON-TRADITIONAL CONTACT STRUCTURES
Authors:   Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nukus, Republic of Karakalpakstan, Republic of Uzbekistan, ASKAROV M.A. , IMAMOV E.Z. ,   Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi (TUIT) of the Ministry for Development of Information Technologies and Communications of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, MUMINOV R.A. ,   Physical-Technical Institute of the SPA “Physics-Sun” of the Academy of Science of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

Based on a number of experimental and patented works, the competitive efficiency of a solar cell with non-traditional contact structures is substantiated in detail. It is shown that the efficiency of a solar cell depends on the innovative choice of its contact materials (nano-sized crystalline lead chalcogenide and structureless non-crystalline silicon). The specific electro physical properties of lead chalcogenide and silicon are considered, providing a significant improvement in the converting properties of the solar cell. A specific mechanism for the formation of a contact field due to the participation of current carriers from localized defect energy states of the silicon band gap is presented. By solving the Poisson equation, the parameters of the contact field of the - nano-heterojunction were calculated.
DETECTION OF DEPRESSION AMONG SOCIAL NETWORK USERS USING MACHINE LEARNING METHODS
Authors:   Penza State Technological University, Penza, Russian Federation, ZOTKINA A.A. , MARTYSHKIN A.I.
Published: June 2024

Statistical data provided by the FSBI “NMITSPN named after V.P. Serbsky” of the Ministry of Health of Russia indicate that depression, as a psychoemotional state, is the main cause of concern around the world, which in most cases leads to suicide, if not detected, and to a threat to others. Studies show that depression tends to have an impact on writing style and appropriate language use. The main purpose of the proposed study is to study user messages on the VKontakte social network and identify attributes that may indicate depressive symptoms of users. The article uses machine learning approaches (logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, XGBoost) and natural language processing methods (removal of stop words, character deletion, tokenization, lemmatization) to prepare data and evaluate their effectiveness. The work demonstrated that the ability to search for depressed users with an accuracy of 77% using the XGBoost classifier. This method is combined with other linguistic functions (N-gram + TF-IDF) and LDA to achieve higher accuracy. In conclusion, the main conclusions of the study are formulated.
AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM FOR THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY ISSUE
Authors:   National Research Technological University “MISIS”, Moscow, Russian Federation, VARGIN A.V. , LEVITSKIY I.A.
Published: June 2024

A mathematical model of slab heating based on a numerical solution of a three-dimensional thermal conductivity problem has been created and programmatically implemented in the work. To solve a system of difference equations, a layer-by-layer method is proposed that allows using the run-through method to solve a system of difference equations of a three-dimensional problem within a rapidly converging iterative procedure. Comparative calculations of slab heating are carried out using the proposed layer-by-layer method and the method of simple iteration with different degrees of grinding of the spatial grid. As a result, it was found that with the grinding of the mesh, the effectiveness of the layered method in relation to the simple iteration method increases.
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR WATERJET CUTTING PROCESS WITH SWIRLING WORKING FLUID JET
Authors:   National Research Technological University “MISiS”, Moscow, Russian Federation, IVANOV V.V. , KALASHNIKOV E.A.
Published: June 2024

In mechanical engineering, the procurement process is one of the most important in the life cycle stage of manufacturing products from metal materials. In this regard, there are disadvantages in the manufacture of parts: low productivity, complexity and high cost of cutting tools, and the impossibility of cutting. The work proposes an approach to increase the productivity of using the cutting properties of abrasive grains and expanding the contact area of a waterjet jet with the workpiece surface being processed by twisting the jet and adjusting the values of the jet oscillation frequency to the thickness of the workpiece. As a result of research verification, the approach showed good prediction accuracy.
EFFICIENCY OF ACTIVATED NANO-HETEROJUNCTIONS ON SILICON AND SILICON CARBIDE SUBSTRATES
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russian Federation, DOLGOPOLOV M.V. ,   Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev, ELISOV M.V. , RADZHAPOV S.A. , CHEPURNOV V.I. , CHIPURA A.S. ,   Institute of Physics and Technology of the Scientific and Production Association “Physics-Sun” of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

The concept, model, and examples of activated nanoscale heterojunctions on special silicon carbide and silicon substrates to ensure maximum power with combined geometric and quantitative scaling of semiconductor energy converter chips are considered. The issue of maximum efficiency of energy conversion and efficiency of separation of electron-hole pairs is investigated. A variant of optimizing the scaling solution is implemented by heterojunctions with variations in the sequences of layers with an increase in the concentration and direction of movement of nonequilibrium carriers for further increasing voltage conversion with charge pumping. Numerical simulation was performed to test the model with thin layers of GaN, GaP on SiC, SiC/Si. For the first time, definitions of activation of the heterojunction and activated nanoheterojunction as a fundamental structure are proposed. The accuracy of the proposed models is compared with the accuracy of known models, and it is shown that the results obtained are better than some solutions of these models known in the literature.
THE LOKARNO AGREEMENTS OF 1925 ON THE PAGES OF THE SOVIET PROVINCIAL PRESS
Authors:   Bryansk State University named after Academician I. G. Petrovsky, Russian Federation, DENISOV S.I.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the role of local print media as an important means of forming public opinion of Soviet citizens in the mid-1920s. The author traces the coverage in local newspapers of events related to the preparation of the Rhenish Guarantee Pact, the Locarno Conference and the ratification of the signed agreements. The subject of the study is the materials of local press publications of different regions of the USSR. They present various aspects of the stated topic. The author concludes that the regional newspapers of 1925 can be considered sufficiently informed and clearly stated the views of the country's leadership on the turn in international relations, which took place in the European political arena during the period in question. Local periodicals actively contributed to the formation of Soviet citizens by all possible means, both verbal and visual, ideas about the duplicity of the policy of Western countries on the preservation of peace and prevention of war.
THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AS A CLASH OF INTERESTS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CHINA: ESCALATION OF CONFRONTATION IN 2009
Authors:   Ural State University of Railway Transport, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, VERISOVA A.D.
Published: June 2024

The Asia-Pacific region plays a significant role in the modern world. With the coming to the government of Barack Obama and his policy of «pivot to the East», the waters of the South China Sea became one of the central points of the conflict between Washington and Beijing. The purpose of the article is to consider by the author the escalation of the Sino-American confrontation in the South China Sea through the prism of the March incident between the American warship «Impeccable» and the Chinese ships. On March 9, 2009, a serious conflict broke out between the two countries in the water area of South China Sea. Opinions differ in both countries about what has led to the current situation in the South China Sea. Beijing considered the United States warship as a spy ship, while Washington insisted it was a research ship. Based on various sources in Chinese and English, the author analyzes the positions of the United States and China on the above problem. It is widely believed in China that it was America's strategy to reassert influence in the Asia-Pacific region and its direct intervention that escalated tensions and made the problem worse. U.S. accuses China of non-compliance with international law. It also should be noted that in Russian historiography the emergence of the confrontation between the United States and China in the waters of the South China Sea is very poorly covered. Studying the views of researchers and representatives of the diplomatic corps of the two countries, the author comes to the conclusion that the territorial dispute between Beijing and Washington occurred due to different interpretations of international law.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY PRODUCTION CYCLES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF FUNDAMENTAL IDEAS ABOUT THEIR EVOLUTION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE URALS. PART 1. GOLD INDUSTRY
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch Russian of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, LITOVSKIY V.V.
Published: June 2024

Based on the author's original historical and scientific approach to ranking energy production cycles and analyzing technological shifts in one of the basic branches of the Ural - the gold industry, the history, prospects and possible vectors of the industry development are investigated, taking into account new natural science concepts and modern worldview. The time lags of the technical and technological inertia of the Ural gold industry and its progress are studied in comparison with the evolution of the industry in Russia and in the World. It is shown that the classification of energy production cycles, created mainly in the second half of the twentieth century, is now not correct for the analysis of such a highly specialized industry as the gold industry even. It is not correct for the mining industry or metallurgy in general. In framework of the modern worldview noted, that not so much ore reserves as new technologies are beginning to play an increasingly important role in the industry, in which ideas about raw materials are changing. This significantly changes the status, as well as the historical perspective of mining territories, their potential in comparison with other territories for new industrialization.
TOUCHES TO THE INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHY OF ACADEMICIAN OF THE USSR ACADEMY OF SCIENCES A.N. EFIMOV: THE URAL START
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, BERSENEV V.L. , SUKHIKH V.V.
Published: June 2024

Intellectual history is a special area of research that involves combining the history of ideas with an analysis of the external environment that led to the emergence, institutionalization and dissemination of certain views. The purpose of the article is to clarify certain nuances of the institutional design of academic economics in the Urals through the features of the early stages of the intellectual biography of the famous Soviet economist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences Anatoly Nikolaevich Efimov. To achieve this goal, the study used not only the author's publications of A.N. Efimov himself, but also archival materials concentrated in funds No. 1 and 17 of the Department of Funds and Information Services of the Central Scientific Library of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Thus, the hypothesis about the conditionality of the appearance of relevant theories or concepts in the context of the life path of their authors is confirmed.
"YOU STUDIED HISTORICAL BOOKS TELLING ABOUT THE GREAT MILITARY VICTORIES OF THE HELLENES AND ROMANS DILIGENTLY...": TO THE 130TH ANNIVERSARY OF MIKHAIL JAKOVLEVICH SJUZJUMOV AND THE 85TH ANNIVERSARY OF VLADIMIR VASILIEVICH KUCHMA
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, MOKHOV A.S. , KAPSALYKOVA K.R.
Published: June 2024

In 2023 marks the 130th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding Soviet historian Mikhail Jakovlevich Sjuzjumov (1893-1982). The anniversary of the largest Russian Byzantinist of the twentieth century coincides with the 85th anniversary of the birth of his student, Doctor of Historical Sciences Vladimir Vasilievich Kuchma (1938-2011). Close attention has been paid to the scientific biography of M.Ja. Sjuzjumov in recent years. However, the question of his scientific interaction with students who left Sverdlovsk, but continued their research on Roman (Byzantine) history, is little studied. The article examines the scientific contacts of Professor Sjuzjumov with V.V. Kuchma after defending his candidate thesis and moving to Volgograd. The article for the first time publishes documents from the State Archive of the Sverdlovsk region and the Archive of the Ural Federal University, the most valuable of which are the letters of the Volgograd historian to his supervisor. The analysis of archival materials shows that V.V. Kuchma, who was engaged in the study of Roman (Byzantine) military affairs, relied on the M.Ja. Sjuzjumov’ theory of dialectical continuity. This was expressed in V.V. Kuchma’s doctoral thesis, as well as in his publication of Byzantine military treatises.
INVESTMENT POLICY OF BRITAIN IN RUSSIA IN THE LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES IN ANGLO-AMERICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, KAMYNIN V.D. , BOBROVA I.V.
Published: June 2024

The article shows how the view of English-speaking scholars on the reasons for the influx of British investments into the Russian economy in the late 19th - early 20th centuries changed. It is concluded that the attitude to this issue has undergone a significant evolution. If in the first half of the 20th centuryhistorians and economists considered the influx of foreign capital to be the result of the conscious efforts of the central government and especially the finance ministers I. A. Vyshnegradsky and S. Y. Witte, then from the 1960s in connection with the growing popularity of the theory of modernization in the West, the understanding of the problem has become more complicated. Modern English-speaking scholars believe that in addition to the measures taken by the Russian government, there was a whole range of other internal and external factors that influenced the dynamics of foreign investment. Scientists point out that the model of British investment did not correspond to the economic development cycle of Russia. The influx of British capital was based on previous experience of exporting British products to the Russian market. British capital was «pushed out» of Britain by low domestic incomes and enticed abroad by the promise of high profits in less developed countries. The British government was interested in the economic development of the new resource-rich regions of the Caucasus, the Urals, Siberia and the Far East. Within the framework of the discussion on the role of British capital in Russian industry, the dispute between economists that erupted in the 1970s stands out. The dispute revolved around the impact of the introduction of the gold standard in Russia on the inflow of foreign investment.
AUTHORS OF SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS OF RUSSIAN HISTORY / HISTORY OF THE USSR: A COLLECTIVE PORTRAIT AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF HISTORICAL ERAS (1918-1950S)
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, OGONOVSKAYA I.S.
Published: June 2024

The author of the article explores the process of development of school history education in 1918-1950s, considering it through the prism of the publication of school textbooks of Russian history and the history of the USSR and the fate of the authors of these educational publications. Attention is drawn to the interest of researchers in the period of the 1930s. and a textbook on the history of the USSR for elementary school, edited by A.V. Shestakov and less studied educational literature published in 1918-1920s and 1940s-1950s. Four stages are identified and characterized, each of which had its own characteristics; the problem of educating a Marxist understanding of history through school history textbooks in these years has been updated; the historical concepts of the development of Russian history, born as a result of scientific discussions and the author's views of M.N. Pokrovsky and other scientists; analyzed the content of individual plots in school history textbooks; the relationship between power and historical science at certain stages of development is shown; conclusions are presented about the influence of historical eras on the historical fate of both history textbooks for the school and their authors.
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE QUESTION OF DEFINING THE CONCEPT OF "MONUMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE" IN THE USSR
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, LAKHTIONOVA E.S.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to identifying the difficulties that researchers face when studying the history of the preservation of the industrial heritage in the USSR. The difficulties are mainly due to the lack of clearly defined concepts of «industrial heritage» and «monument of industrial heritage» at that time. The purpose of the study is to find out under which categories of monuments objects related to industrial heritage fell, and how they were called in various fields of scientific and applied knowledge. The relevance of the topic is due to the discrepancies still existing in the formulation of terminology in relation to industrial heritage monuments. For the study, mainly published materials were used: legal documents, scientific research from different eras. The scientific novelty is determined by the absence at the moment of works analyzing analogues of the concept of «monument of industrial heritage», which were used to study and preserve these objects in the USSR. The author comes to the conclusion that the concept of «monument of industrial heritage» was clearly formulated only in the 2000s.
INDUSTRIAL TRANSFORMATIONS ON THE SVERDLOVSK RAILWAY DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, SPERANSKY A.V.
Published: June 2024

The paper analyzes changes in the production process of railway workers who worked during the Great Patriotic War on the Sverdlovsk Railway, which was operated from Sverdlovsk and connected the European part of the country with the Urals and Western Siberia. The paper shows an unprecedented rise in the labor activity of railway workers, manifested in the wide deployment of various competitive forms, rationalization movements and innovative initiatives that took shape both in the pre-war period and arose taking into account the peculiarities of wartime. The paper also draws attention to the development of railway infrastructure and improvement of the locomotive and wagon fleet of the Sverdlovsk Railway in accordance with the changing situation at the front and in the rear. The paper notes that the implemented technical and construction measures, manifested in the commissioning of new railway lines, stations, depots, stopping points and way posts, and transfer of individual sections to electric traction, successfully solved problem of increasing transportation plans determined by the needs of national economy completely transferred to military rails. The paper concludes that the experience of selfless and heroic labor of railway transport workers, which is an important component of the nationwide victory over Nazism, is more relevant today than ever. For its effective use in today’s conditions can and should contribute to the unity of modern Russian society in the fight against the revived «brown plague».
REFORM OF THE SOVIET ARMED FORCES DURING THE KHRUSHCHEV THAW (1953-1964)
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, SHUNYAKOV D.V. , ZAPARIY V.V.
Published: June 2024

The experience of military reform of the Soviet Armed Forces during the years of N.S. Khrushchev at the head of the Soviet Union is analyzed. It is stated that a radical change in the geopolitical situation required the reorganization of the Armed Forces, which passed two stages of military construction. During the first stage, which took place in 1953-1959. The Soviet government took peaceful initiatives to reduce military-political escalation, formed a military-political bloc. The Warsaw Pact Organization, as a counterweight to NATO, saw a significant reduction in the number of armed forces, created nuclear parity with the United States. During the second stage (1960-1964), it was supposed to sharply reduce the number of armed forces and return to the police recruiting system that existed in the USSR in the 1930s. Due to the sharp aggravation of the international situation, these plans had to be abandoned, the usual means of armed struggle received a sharp impetus for development. N.S. Khrushchev's radical reforms were shown to antagonize the military leadership, leading to the latter's support for his resignation in October 1964.
THE MEDICALIZATION OF SOCIAL LAW: THE NURSERY IN THE BILL FOR THE PROTECTION OF MOTHERHOOD, INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD 1913-1916
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, GOLIKOVA S.V.
Published: June 2024

The author studies the legal provisions on nurseries in the bill «on the protection of motherhood, infancy and childhood», published in 1916. The document was developed by doctors. They understood the importance of nurseries in the fight against high infant mortality- an acute social problem in Russia in the end of the 19th century and in the beginning of 20th century. In the text of the document, for the first time, a definition of a children's institution is given, a mechanism for subsidizing nurseries by the state is developed, measures of state control over children's nurseries and the participation of physicians in these events are outlined. The nursery was to be attended only by infants, and these institutions were to function all year round, not just in the summer. The legitimation of nurseries in domestic law has become an important milestone in the development of social law in Russia.
NAPOLEON'S PARIS: THE IMPERIAL CAPITAL
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, ZEMTSOV V.N. ,   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2024

The article attempts to identify the features of new approaches that have appeared in French historiography in recent decades in terms of characterizing the forms of power presentation. The author does it on the example of Napoleon Bonaparte's realization of the idea of imperiosness in relation to Paris. It is concluded that such an idea was realized not only and not so much through the creation of pompous buildings, but through giving Paris the image of a city of the «middle class», on more than was previously, the effective organization of the urban environment, the development of theaters, musical life, museum, library and publishing, the formation of an effective structure of scientific and educational institutions.
CENSORSHIP AND PRESS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES IN MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, SPERANSKY P.A. ,   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
Published: June 2024

The paper provides a historiographical analysis of the points of view by modern Russian researchers on the development of censorship and press in Russia in the second half of the XIX - early XX century. The paper notes that there was no consensus among Russian researchers on the transformation of the domestic information sphere during this period. The studies of Russian historians have a very ambiguous assessment of its potential and the results of its development. The paper concludes that the works of modern Russian historians do not completely exhaust the topic of socio-cultural modernization in the field of censorship and press of the late Imperial era. Therefore, the development of Russian information sphere in the aforementioned period needs further comprehensive research.
THE HEAD OF THE SPECIAL OFFICE OF THE STAFF OF THE SUPREME COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF PAVEL ZUBOV: TOUCHES TO THE BIOGRAPHY
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, WEBER M.I.
Published: June 2024

The author reconstructs the biography of Pavel Nikolaevich Zubov, a member of the White Movement in the East of Russia. The author examines in detail the main stages of life path of Pavel Zubov, starting from his birth and ending with his death. Special attention is paid to the key events of his biography - his participation in the Yekaterinburg anti-Bolshevik underground in 1918 and his work as head of the Special Office of the Staff of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief in 1919. The author substantiates the version that Pavel Zubov was the head of the Yekaterinburg secret military organization that prepared an uprising in the city against the Soviet government.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE PRACTICE OF INCREASING PEASANT PAYMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF EMANCIPATING SERFS IN THE ST. PETERSBURG DISTRICT
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, KASHCHENKO S.G.
Published: June 2024

In the process of implementing the peasant reform of 1861 and carrying out the redemption operation, the basis for determining the size of peasant allotments and payments was the articles of Local regulations, which regulated the procedure for allocating land to peasants and establishing the amount of duties, depending on the pre-reform situation and local norms. Deviations from these rules, contained in charters and redemption documents, were relatively rare in the province and on the periphery of the capital provinces. They were considered in the Provincial presences for Peasant Affairs and the Main Redemption Institution. At the same time, cases of a significant increase in post-reform peasant payments «in excess of the norm» were quite common in the metropolitan St. Petersburg district and became the subject of special discussion in the Ministry of Finance and Internal Affairs. The article considers examples of increasing the size of peasant payments during the implementation of the peasant reform in 1861-1863 and the subsequent redemption operation. The decisions taken on this issue later became a precedent in the practical Implementation Of the redemption operation.
AGRICULTURAL TAXATION OF URAL INDIVIDUAL FARMERS AT THE FINAL STAGE OF COLLECTIVIZATION
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk state technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russian Federation, FILATOV V.V.
Published: June 2024

The problem of taxation of peasants during the years of collectivization still remains relevant for researchers. Scientists in the field of historical, economic and legal sciences turn to the study of certain aspects of the tax policy of the Soviet government in the 1930s. However, there is still not enough research on this problem covering the largest regions of the country, such as the Greater Urals. The conclusions obtained as a result of the study allow us to identify the peculiarities of taxation of the Ural peasantry. The author continued a series of articles devoted to the implementation of the agricultural tax in the Urals, but within new administrative-territorial boundaries from 1934 to the early 1940s. The purpose of studying the problem is to identify, on the basis of historical and legal analysis, the features of the implementation of tax legislation in the Urals. The object of study was the individual peasantry. The use of both general scientific and historical methods (comparative, statistical, historical-genetic and others) made it possible to solve the problems. The scientific novelty of the research was manifested in the use of new documentary material, the development of a dynamic table, and the systematization of data from various sources. The analysis confirmed the hypothesis about non-economic methods of influencing the farms of individual farmers, which in the pre-war years led to their virtual disappearance from the economic life of the village. The agricultural tax, coupled with other cash payments and natural food compulsory deliveries, forced individual farmers to join a collective farm or migrate to the city, move to state farms and other production structures.
From film to Web 2.0: Transmedia as a distribution model for political documentary
Authors: Zafra Norman
Published: June 2024

This research is a creative exploration of transmedia’s ability to offer up a model of distribution and audience engagement for political documentary. Transmedia, as is well known, is a fluid concept. It is not restricted to the activities of the entertainment industry and its principles also reverberate in the practice of political and activist documentary projects. This practice-led research draws on data derived from the production and circulation of Obrero, an independent transmedia documentary. The project explores the conditions and context of the Filipino rebuild workers who migrated to Christchurch, New Zealand after the earthquake in 2011. Obrero began as a film festival documentary that co-exists with two other new media iterations, each reaching its respective target audience: a web documentary, and a Facebook-native documentary. This study argues that relocating the documentary across new media spaces not only expands the narrative but also extends the fieldwork and investigation, forms like-minded publics, and affords the creation of an organised hub of information for researchers, academics and the general public. Treating documentary as research can represent a novel pathway to knowledge generation and the present case study, overall, provides an innovative model for future scholarship.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING DRIVING IN THE DARK TIME OF DAY
Authors: Titorenko Vyacheslav , Ignatenko Volodymyr , Mosiichuk Alina , Hadashova Antonina
Published: June 2024

An analysis of factors affecting road traffic safety from the point of view of driving a car in the dark was carried out, in particular, the technical condition of the car, tinting of the windows, lighting of the streets (roads), speed of movement, driver fatigue. It has been established that a significant number of factors require significantly greater concentration and esponsibility from drivers. Driving a car in the dark requires special knowledge, skills and attention. The technical condition of vehicles becomes a number of priority problems. Vehicle malfunctions that are not detected in time or not eliminated increase the likelihood of a Road Traffic Accident. The cause of a Road Traffic Accident, especially in the dark period of the day, may be insufficient visibility of the road situation by the driver, which is caused by the violation of the requirements for tinting the glass in the car. The driver will not be able to fully assess everything that happens on the road at night both in conditions of insufficient visibility and in the presence of bad weather conditions. At the same time, proper street lighting can help reduce the risk of road traffic accidents by improving pedestrian visibility, reducing the likelihood of accidents and providing safer road conditions for both drivers and pedestrians. Speeding and incorrect selection of the speed regime in specific traffic conditions is one of the main factors affecting both the number and severity of Road Traffic Accidents. Another reason for the occurrence of a Road Transport Accident may be the driver’s fatigue, which reduces his concentration and ability to drive safely.
Efficient bridge steel bearing health monitoring using laser displacement sensors and wireless accelerometers
Authors: Waqas Hafiz Ahmed , Sahil Mehran , Riaz Abdullah , Ahmed Shiraz , Waseem Muhammad , Seitz Hermann
Published: June 2024

Steel bearings have been commonly used to counteract induced loading from thermal and traffic conditions in numerous bridges. However, their effectiveness has been compromised due to aging and maintenance limitations, potentially impacting the overall bridge system performance. Existing monitoring techniques for detecting malfunctioning steel bearings lack automation and precision, making them inadequate for long-term and real-time bridge dynamics assessment. This study proposes a response-based approach to identify bearing malfunction by analyzing the traffic-induced response in the bearing vicinity. To implement this approach, laser displacement sensors and wireless acceleration sensors were employed to monitor both malfunctioning and well-functioning steel bridge bearings. Significant differences in bearing performance were observed through response analysis and comparison. Laser sensor measurements revealed larger vertical deflections in the girder at malfunctioned bearing under traffic loading. Moreover, the investigation of the acceleration response in the bearing locality indicated that bearing malfunction could alter the vibrational characteristics of the vicinity, significantly affecting Cross Power Spectral Density (CPSD) and cross-correlation. To quantitatively evaluate the performance of steel bearings, a Condition Score (CS) was introduced. The CS exhibited a strong correlation with bearing damage, providing valuable insights for maintenance and decision-making processes in bridge asset management. This study offers a comprehensive and automated method for identifying steel bridge bearing malfunction by utilizing advanced monitoring techniques and introducing the CS for assessment. The results obtained from this approach can enhance bridge maintenance strategies and contribute to effective bridge asset management.
Staphylococcus aureus persistence in osteocytes: weathering the storm of antibiotics and autophagy/xenophagy
Authors: Gunn Nicholas J. , Kidd Stephen P. , Solomon Lucian B. , Yang Dongqing , Roscioli Eugene , Atkins Gerald J.
Published: June 2024

Staphylococcus aureus is a major causative pathogen of osteomyelitis. Intracellular infections of resident bone cells including osteocytes can persist despite gold-standard clinical intervention. The mechanisms by which intracellular S. aureus evades antibiotic therapy are unknown. In this study, we utilised an in vitro S. aureus infection model of human osteocytes to investigate whether antibiotic-mediated dysregulation of autophagy contributes to this phenomenon. Infected or non-infected osteocyte-like cells were exposed to combinations of rifampicin, vancomycin, and modulators of autophagy. Intracellular bacterial growth characteristics were assessed using colony-forming unit (CFU) analysis, viable bacterial DNA abundance, and the rate of escape into antibiotic-free medium, together with measures of autophagic flux. Rifampicin, alone or in combination with vancomycin, caused a rapid decrease in the culturability of intracellular bacteria, concomitant with stable or increased absolute bacterial DNA levels. Both antibiotics significantly inhibited autophagic flux. However, modulation of autophagic flux did not affect viable bacterial DNA levels. In summary, autophagy was shown to be a factor in the host–pathogen relationship in this model, as its modulation affected the growth state of intracellular S. aureus with respect to both their culturability and propensity to escape the intracellular niche. While rifampicin and vancomycin treatments moderately suppressed autophagic flux acutely, this did not explain the paradoxical response of antibiotic treatment in decreasing S. aureus culturability whilst failing to clear bacterial DNA and hence intracellular bacterial load. Thus, off-target effects of rifampicin and vancomycin on autophagic flux in osteocyte-like cells could not explain the persistent S. aureus infection in these cells.
Unveiling machine learning strategies and considerations in intrusion detection systems: a comprehensive survey
Authors: Ali Ali Hussein , Charfeddine Maha , Ammar Boudour , Hamed Bassem Ben , Albalwy Faisal , Alqarafi Abdulrahman , Hussain Amir
Published: June 2024

The advancement of communication and internet technology has brought risks to network security. Thus, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) was developed to combat malicious network attacks. However, IDSs still struggle with accuracy, false alarms, and detecting new intrusions. Therefore, organizations are using Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) algorithms in IDS for more accurate attack detection. This paper provides an overview of IDS, including its classes and methods, the detected attacks as well as the dataset, metrics, and performance indicators used. A thorough examination of recent publications on IDS-based solutions is conducted, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses, as well as a discussion of their potential implications, research challenges, and new trends. We believe that this comprehensive review paper covers the most recent advances and developments in ML and DL-based IDS, and also facilitates future research into the potential of emerging Artificial Intelligence (AI) to address the growing complexity of cybersecurity challenges.
A methodological approach for data standardization and management of Open Data portals for scientific research groups: a case study on mobile and ubiquitous ecosystems
Authors: Villarreal Vladimir , Muñoz Lilia , González Joseph , Fontecha Jesús , Dobrescu Cosmin C. , Nielsen Mel , Concepción Dimas , Rodriguez Marco
Published: June 2024

Introduction

In the scientific research domain, the Open Science movement stands as a fundamental pillar for advancing knowledge and innovation globally. This article presents the design and implementation of the GITCE Open Data Ecosystem (GITCE-ODE) Research Data Management System (RDMS), developed by the Research Group on Emerging Computational Technologies (GITCE) at the Technological University of Panama, as a platform for the long-term storage, publication, and dissemination of research products.

Methods

The architecture of the GITCE-ODE RDMS encompasses the entire data engineering lifecycle, facilitating information processing stages such as extraction, transformation, loading (ETL), as well as the management and analysis of diverse datasets and metadata.

Results

Compliance with the FAIR principles ensures that published data and products are Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable, promoting automation in the discovery and reuse of digital resources. Key considerations of the web portal include file format standardization, data categorization, treatment of semantic context, and organization of resources to ensure efficient management and administration of open research data.

Discussion

Through this platform, GITCE aims to foster collaboration, transparency, and accessibility in scientific research, contributing to the ongoing advancement of knowledge transfer and innovation.
Loss of β-cell identity and dedifferentiation, not an irreversible process?
Authors: Patel Sumit , Remedi Maria S.
Published: June 2024

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a polygenic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and impaired insulin secretion by the pancreas. While the decline in insulin production and secretion was previously attributed to apoptosis of insulin-producing β-cells, recent studies indicate that β-cell apoptosis rates are relatively low in diabetes. Instead, β-cells primarily undergo dedifferentiation, a process where they lose their specialized identity and transition into non-functional endocrine progenitor-like cells, ultimately leading to β-cell failure. The underlying mechanisms driving β-cell dedifferentiation remain elusive due to the intricate interplay of genetic factors and cellular stress. Understanding these mechanisms holds the potential to inform innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at reversing β-cell dedifferentiation in T2D. This review explores the proposed drivers of β-cell dedifferentiation leading to β-cell failure, and discusses current interventions capable of reversing this process, thus restoring β-cell identity and function.
Green finance and total factor energy efficiency: theoretical mechanisms and empirical tests
Authors: Yu Shihai , Wang Simin , Cheng Xiaolan , Li Lei
Published: June 2024

China’s green financial pilot policies (GFPPs) are an important start to build a green financial system in China. It is also an important part of achieving the “dual-carbon” goal. This paper calculates China’s total factor energy efficiency (TFEE), analyzes the impact of GFPPs on TFEE, and explores the conduction mechanism. The results show that the relationship between GFPPs and TFEE in the pilot areas is statistically significant. The GFPP mainly improves the TFEE through the green innovation effect and the optimization of the energy structure. The GFPP has a significant effect on TFEE enhancement in eastern coastal cities, non-old traditional industrial cities, and non-resource-based cities with high initial energy. China should continue to deepen the pilot work of green finance, formulate differentiated green finance policies, and ensure green technology innovation. This study provides empirical evidence for further optimization of green finance and energy efficiency.