bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frases que Resumem os Atributos da Relação Médico-Paciente
Authors: Morinaga Chistian Valle , Konno Sérgio Nobuo , Aisawa Rubens Kenji , Vieira Joaquim Edson , Martins Milton de Arruda
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Médicos e pacientes podem mostrar proximidade na percepção dos atributos da relação médico-paciente. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar frases que melhor definissem tais atributos. Procura bibliográfica e entrevistas com 30 pacientes de ambulatório ou internados no Hospital das Clínicas (HC da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP) e 30 médicos entre residentes, assistentes e pós-graduandos identificaram esses possíveis atributos, separados para: competência técnica, apresentação pessoal, empatia, habilidades da comunicação e compromisso/responsabilidades. Para cada um foi confeccionada uma pergunta e formuladas 14 possíveis respostas. Pacientes, estudantes de internato do curso médico da FMUSP e médicos assistentes do HC da FMUSP escolheram cinco que melhor respondessem à pergunta. As respostas mais escolhidas estão em posições bastante parecidas tanto entre médicos, quanto estudantes de Medicina e pacientes. As respostas mais concordantes ocorreram entre médicos e pacientes (teste Wilcoxon para dados não paramétricos). Os grupos escolheram de forma bastante aproximada frases que resumem cada atributo da relação médico-paciente
Prevenção Primária e Detecção Precoce da Hipertensão Arterial em Escolas do Ensino Médio. Projeto Comunitário Envolvendo Estudantes de Medicina
Authors: Almeida Fernando Antonio de , D’Ávila Ronaldo , Cadaval Ricardo Augusto de Miranda , Rodrigues Cibele Isaac Saad
Published: June 2021

Resumo: O ensino médico realizado predominantemente em hospitais não enfatiza a prevenção primária das doenças mais prevalentes. A hipertensão arterial (HA), assintomática e desconhecida pela maioria dos seus portadores, é importante fator de risco para complicações cardiovasculares e renais. A prevenção primária e a detecção precoce são as formas mais efetiva de evitar suas complicações. Neste projeto, estudantes de medicina foram preparados para apresentar palestra aos alunos do ensino médio com o, objetivo de: despertar nos estudantes de medicina, a responsabilidade educativa e a participação social; alertar uma população “livre” da doença para os perigos da HA; reforçar hábitos saudáveis que impedem o aparecimento e a progressão da hipertensão e de outras doenças cardiovasculares; formar multiplicadores da informação e estimar a prevalência de HA nesta população, determinando a pressão arterial (PA) de uma parcela dos alunos. As apresentações conceituam HA, suas causas, consequências e como evitá-la. Há muita receptividade dos alunos e educadores ao projeto. Questionários preenchidos antes e depois das apresentações mostram que o desconhecimento sobre as características da doença é a regra, e o aprendizado muito bom. Em análise de 542 alunos (média de idade de 17 anos), encontramos 15% com PA elevada, predominando nos rapazes e nos alunos com maior índice de massa corporal.
Contribuciones de las actividades de extensión académica en la formación de terapeutas ocupacionales, desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes
Authors: Núñez Cristian Valderrama , Águila Daniela Ojeda , Fuentes Camila Javiera Berger , Villegas Marjorie Castro , Martinez Isabel Navarro , Pereira Fernando Reyes
Published: June 2021

Resumen Introducción Este texto presenta la experiencia acumulada durante 10 años en las Jornadas de Terapia Ocupacional del Bio Bio en Chile, actividad de extensión académica y recreativa en la cual se tratan temas relevantes para la formación de terapeutas ocupacionales. Objetivo Analizar los principales aprendizajes y contribuciones a la formación profesional de las metodologías de enseñanza que se exponen en estas Jornadas, a través de la opinión de los estudiantes que han participado como asistentes. Método se desarrolla una sistematización, ya que esta metodología permite la reflexión crítica a partir de la experiencia vivida. La información se produce a través de entrevistas a 12 estudiantes. Se realiza análisis del contenido de temas predefinidos, que corresponden a pensamiento crítico, herramientas para la intervención y valores compartidos. Resultados El grupo de estudiantes valoran las metodologías de carácter práctico, participativas y dialogantes que permitan compartir opiniones y experiencias. Las herramientas que se adquieren corresponden a habilidades relacionales que facilitan el trato y manejo terapéutico. Los valores compartidos que los estudiantes identifican se encuentran presentes en las Jornadas incluyen la solidaridad, el respeto a la diversidad y la empatía. Conclusiones Las actividades de extensión académica enriquecen la formación profesional porque acerca a los estudiantes con la realidad social, fortalecen la identidad disciplinar y promoverían su formación ciudadana. Los desafíos de las actividades de extensión son generar transformaciones en las vidas cotidianas de los/as sujetos/as de intervención, y que éstos/as puedan participar activamente en los ajustes curriculares de los planes de estudios.
Expansão escolar pública e privada na periferia de São Paulo (1900-1964)
Authors: Dantas Adriana Santiago Rosa
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo tem como tema a expansão das escolas públicas e privadas da periferia leste de São Paulo nas primeiras décadas do século XX. A pesquisa originária que resultou neste texto teve como objeto a expansão da escola privada na Zona Leste de São Paulo, cuja hipótese inicial era de que tal expansão não era um fenômeno recente do novo milênio, mas que aconteceria desde o século XX. Hipótese comprovada, os dados demonstram que a expansão privada foi concomitante com a formação da periferia leste. Para tanto foram produzidos mapas desta expansão no tempo e no espaço, a partir de dados quantitativos das escolas públicas e privadas da Zona Leste de São Paulo fornecidos pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação (SEE). A técnica utilizada para a elaboração dos mapas foi o georreferenciamento. A análise foi realizada a partir da releitura da literatura sobre educação e periferia, considerando as relações raciais para discutir o crescimento das escolas públicas e privadas. A investigação permitiu concluir que a expansão da escola privada esteve presente durante a formação da periferia leste, além de confirmar a participação popular na contribuição da expansão da escola pública na região.
A Tight Bound for Stochastic Submodular Cover
Authors: Hellerstein Lisa , Kletenik Devorah , Parthasarathy Srinivasan
Published: June 2021

We show that the Adaptive Greedy algorithm of Golovin and Krause achieves an approximation bound of (ln(Q/η)+1) for Stochastic Submodular Cover: here Q is the “goal value” and η is the minimum gap between Q and any attainable utility value Q'<Q.  Although this bound was claimed by Golovin and Krause in the original version of their paper, the proof was later shown to be incorrect by Nan & Saligrama. The subsequent corrected proof of Golovin and Krause gives a quadratic bound of (ln(Q/η)+1)2.  A bound of 56(ln(Q/η)+1) is implied by work of Im et al.  Other bounds for the problem depend on quantities other than Q and η. Our bound restores the original bound claimed by Golovin and Krause, generalizing the well-known  (ln m+1) approximation bound on the greedy algorithm for the classical Set Cover problem, where m is the size of the ground set.
Water infrastructural heritage: management and governance
Authors: Hunter Meisha
Published: June 2021

Water is much more than the molecular common thread to life on Earth. The supply, storage, protection and use of water are expansive topics that universally engage every layer of the world’s social, economic and political spectrum. The built heritage associated with water is steeped in civil engineering achievements meeting critical social needs, examples of which can be found around the globe, from the karez irrigation systems of China’s Xinjiang Region to the aqueducts of ancient Rome, to the step wells of India and the Incan canals of Peru. Infrastructural heritage built to deliver reliable, safe and abundant supplies of water to homes and public baths, agricultural fields and distributing reservoirs continues to function in urban and rural communities across the globe. This paper focuses on some of the unique challenges associated with the stewardship of this water infrastructural heritage, at the intersection of water management and historic preservation.
Next-generation infrastructure for next-generation people
Authors: Tyler Nick
Published: June 2021

The way in which people consider next-generation infrastructure needs to be rooted in the history of the planet and, in particular, its most troublesome inhabitant, Homo sapiens. This history has driven the development of infrastructure through the ages at an accelerating rate, from the incipient early cities of 10 000 years ago to the fast-growing metropolises of the twenty-first century. That history teaches people that human beings are essentially social animals and both require and crave social interactions. The need for this has been increasingly excluded from city design since the beginnings of the Industrial Revolutions and increasingly in the past 100 or so years, where the driver has been the development of infrastructure for its own sake rather than that of the everyday person. This paper proposes a refocus for urban engineering, on the concept of sociality, the propensity to interact freely with unknown others, so that infrastructure is directed to enhancing the ability of people to converse as a basic and initial form of the function of social interaction. The challenge is there, but is the infrastructure sector up to meet it? This paper proposes some initial lines of thought and ways forward to answer the challenge.
TSMK H. S. 25 Envanterli Mushaf-ı Şerîf’in Tezhip Sanatı Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: ARACI Nihal
Published: June 2021

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’e duyulan sevgi ve saygı, O’nun hem kitâbeti hem de tezyinâtı için

titizlikle çalışılmasına ve böylece çok kıymetli eserler verilmesine vesîle olmuştur. Bu

çalışma, Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi Kütüphanesi H. S. 25 numaralı envanterde kayıtlı, gerek

hattı ve gerek tezhibi bakımından kaynak eser niteliğindeki Mushaf-ı Şerîf’in tezhibine

dâir yapılan incelemeyi içermektedir. Çalışmanın giriş kısmında, bir Mushaf’ın tezyîn

edilen bölümleri hakkında bilgi verilmiş, hemen sonrasında ise söz konusu Mushaf genel

özellikleri itibariyle tavsif edilmiştir. Ayrıca tasarımının normal seyri dışında gelişen

durumlara dikkat çekilmiştir. Mushaf’ın cilt kapaklarının her bölümü tasarım ve işleme

teknikleri bakımından anlatılmış, hattatı ve müzehhibi hakkında da bilgi verilmiştir. Mushaf’ın

genel tezhip özellikleri Safevî devri tezhibi bağlamında aktarıldıktan sonra, sırasıyla

zahriye ve serlevha tezhibi bütünden parçaya giden bir seyirde görseller üzerinden

incelenmiştir. Sûrebaşı tezhipleri kompozisyon çeşitlerine göre dört başlık altında tasnif

edilmiştir. Sonrasında ise Mushaf gülleri çeşitleri, ferağ kaydı tezhibi ve halkârlı sayfalar

tasarım, renk ve işleme tekniği veçheleriyle ele alınmıştır.
Orta Gelir Tuzağı Riski Yaşayan Üst Orta Gelirli Ülkelerde Kaldor Büyüme Modellerinin Ekonometrik Analizi
Authors: ASTAR Melek
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üst orta gelirli ülkelerde Kaldor büyüme modellerinin geçerliliğinin

incelenmesidir. Çalışmada üst orta gelirli ülkelerin tercih edilmesinde bu ülkelerin

son yılların en önemli büyüme sorunları arasında yer alan orta gelir tuzağı riski ile karşı

karşıya olmalıdır. Çalışmada verisine ulaşılabilen 24 üst orta gelirli ülke için 1991-2019

dönemi ele alınarak, Kaldor’un önerdiği her üç model için panel veri modelleri tahmin

edilmiştir. Modellerin tahmininden önce serilerin durağanlığı kırılmalı birim kök testleri

ile incelenmiştir. Tahmin sonuçlarına göre orta gelir tuzağı riski ile karşı karşıya olan söz

konusu ülkeler için sadece Kaldor’un önerdiği ikinci modelin geçerli olduğu sonucuna

ulaşılmıştır.
Enderûna Giriş Yolları ve Enderun Teşkilatı
Authors: DİKER Sevgi Ağca
Published: June 2021

İlk dönemlerde Rumeli’de sonraki yüzyıllarda Anadolu’da bir köyde hayata gelen

bir çocuk fiziki özellikleri ve yetenekleri ile seçilerek devşirme sistemi içine girmektedir.

Sistem içinde, kabiliyeti ve itaatkârlığı oranında yükselerek, hazırlık saraylarından/

mekteplerinden sonra Topkapı Sarayı’na gelmektedir. Enderûn’da, devşirilerek gelenler

dışında, müteferrikalar, hediye olarak gelen köleler, iltimaslılar, zâdeler ve çıraklar da

bulunmaktadır. Enderûn’da eğitim ve seçimlere tabi tutularak; Büyük Oda, Küçük Oda,

Seferli Koğuşu, Doğancı Koğuşu, Kilerli Koğuşu, Hazine Koğuşu’nda onlarca yıl eğitim

gördükten sonra Has Oda’ya terfi etmektedir. Enderûn teşkilatı içinde yer alan bu

koğuşların her birinde; kaç kişinin eğitim göreceği, hangi kurallarla koğuş içinde terfi

edileceği, hangi kıyafetleri giyecekleri, koğuş mevcutları yanında yaptıkları hizmetler de

farklılık göstermektedir. Büyük Oda ve Küçük Oda’ya mensup ağaların kıyafetleri diğer

koğuşlardan farklı olduğu gibi padişaha sundukları bir hizmette bulunmamaktadır. Bu

çalışmada koğuşlar içindeki hiyerarşik yapı sınıflandırılarak, her sınıfta bulunan görevlilerin

unvanları, vazifeleri, kıyafetleri, bahşişleri, terfileri, ilmî çalışmaları tespit edilmeye

çalışılacaktır. Enderûn teşkilatı çalışırken sıklıkla karşılaşılan; “acemilik”, “cülus bahşişi”,

“bayram inamı” gibi terimlerin koğuştan koğuşa gösterdiği farklılık irdelenecektir. Eğitimin son basamağı olan Has Oda; sınırlı kontenjanı, özel kuralları, sınıflandırması,

ağaların sıra dışı ayrıcalıkları ve padişahla kurdukları olağanüstü ilişkilerle tüm ağaların

ortak hayalidir.
Tek Sözcük Döneminde Dil - Zihin İlişkisi, İki Dillilik ve İletişimdeki İşlevselliği (12. ve 13. Aylar)
Authors: ÇELİK Muhammet
Published: June 2021

İnsanda doğuştan var olan dil edinim süreci, anne karnında iken duyduğu seslerle

başlar, ardından çeşitli safhalardan geçerek ortalama 12. ayda görülen tek sözcük

dönemine ulaşır. Konuşmanın başlangıcı olan bu dönemde çocuğun, zihnindeki düşünceleri

ifade etmek üzere kolayına gelen kelimelerden seçerek kullandığı tek tek

kelimeler, çoğu kez sözedimsel bir güç taşır ve cümlelerin ifade ettiği anlamları barındırır.

Dil ediniminin ilk safhalarından itibaren çocuklar, hayatın doğal akışı içinde

birden fazla dili sorunsuzca edinebilirler. Çalışma, Türkiye’de sıklıkla görülen, Türkçe

ve Kürtçeyi aynı anda edinen çocuklardan birinin örnekliğini yorumlamakta ve çocuğun

kullandığı tek tek kelimelerden hareketle onun düşünce ve hayal dünyasına kapı

aralamayı hedeflemektedir.
Sosyal Fonksiyonları Bakımından Tekkelerin Osmanlı’daki Yeri
Authors: ÖZSARAY Mustafa
Published: June 2021

Osmanlı Devleti halkın ilim ve irfan yönünden eğitiminde tekkelerin ve şeyhlerin

rolünü daha kuruluş aşamasında farketmiştir. Tasavvuf ehli de devletin kendilerinden

beklediği rolü ifa etmişlerdir. Bu anlamda Osman Gazi ile Şeyh Edebâli arasındaki birliktelik

daha sonraki padişahlar zamanında da devam etmiştir. Bu birliktelik, tekkeleri halk

ile devleti birbirine raptedecek temel kurumlardan biri haline getirmiştir. Bundan dolayı

devlet, mürîdlerin rûhî eğitimlerinin yapıldığı tekkelerin toplum yararına olan sosyal

fonksiyonlarını da yerine getirmeleri için şeyhlere her türlü imkânı vermiştir. Tekkeler

bu imkânları hem insanların ilim ve irfan eğitiminde hem de toplum yararına olan sosyal

faaliyetlerde kullanmışlardır. Tekkeler ile ilgili araştırmalarda onların sosyal fonksiyonlarına

ana hatlarıyla temas edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, bu konuda belgelere yeterince

bakıldığı söylenemez. Oysa Osmanlı’da çok faal bir kurum olan tekkenin bu yönünün de

belgelere dayalı olarak ortaya konulması gerekir. Çünkü Osmanlı Arşivi’nde son yıllarda

tasnif edilen belgelerin sayısı artmıştır. Dolayısıyla tekkelerin bu yönünü ortaya çıkaran

yeni verilere ulaşılmaktadır. Bu makalede, tekkelerin bu yönde üstlendiği role kısaca değinildikten

sonra arşiv belgelerinden örnekler verilmek suretiyle Osmanlı Devleti’nin bu

köklü kuruma bakışı ve sosyal fonksiyonları bakımından tekkelerin Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki

yeri ortaya konulacaktır.
İslâm Kültür Geleneğinde “Savâdu’l-A’zâm”
Authors: ÇINAR Bayram
Published: June 2021

Öz
İslam kültür geleneğinde yön tayin eden gündem belireyen; etki alanının genişliği itibarıyla benzerlerinden farklılaşan kavram ve metinler var olmuştur. Gündem tayin eden bu kavramlardan biri de “el-Sevâd el- Â’zam” kavramıdır. Özellikle mezhepleşme geleneğinde yoğun biçimde kullanılan kavram, aslında yalnız başına bir metin değil metnin bir paçasıdır. Kavram cemâ’at kavramı ile aynı anlamda ve onun yerine kullanılabilme niteliği kazanmış güçlü bir ifadeyi temsil eder. Siyasi, dini ve hukuki bağlamları olan bu kavram, geleneğin şekillendmesinde önemli misyonu olan dönüştürücü bir kavram olmuştur. İlk kuşak müslüman öncüler tarafından da kullanılan kavram, sosyal ve siyasal alanın belirlenmesinde etkili olduğu kadar, entelektüel bir ötekileştirmeye de kaynaklık etmiş görünüyor. Cemâ’at kavramı özellikle siyasal bağlamı da yoğun bir kavram olduğu halde, “el-Sevâd el- Âzâm” mezhepleşme geleneği açısından ötekileştirmede araçsallaştırılmış bir kavram olmuştur. Kavramın hak-batıl ayrımındaki etki gücü sebebiyle konuya ilişkin çalışmalara da isim olabilmiştir.
Çalışmamız “el-Sevâd el- Â’zam” kavramının müslüman zihnin inşasındaki etkisini tespite dönüktür.
Impact of Dual Specialisation on Students’ Competence
Authors: NGARAMBE Télesphore
Published: June 2021

This paper describes the structure of the translation and interpreting programme of the University of Rwanda at the undergraduate level. By analysing theoretical and practical components underlying the two disciplines involved, secondary data from different scholars depict the competencies that are expected from a well-trained translator and interpreter. Though training in the two areas have some aspects in common such as linguistic, intercultural, technological competencies, etc., translator trainees need to acquire advanced skills in textual analysis and writing. On the other hand, apart from listening and speaking skills, the trainee interpreters are required to develop, at a very high level, their speech analysis skills, their memory, and their rhetorical skills. The results in this paper prove that all these competencies that are too exerting on each of the two sides cannot be fully developed in a dual specialisation programme like that of the University of Rwanda, in which trainees major at the same time in translation and interpreting. As shown by the data collected from different respondents, this approach impacts negatively on the trainees’ performance in both disciplines, and produces – trainees who have not reached an optimum level of competence. As a solution to this crucial problem, the paper recommends tt a fundamental shift in the programme by redesign it to give more space to each of the two areas of specialisation.
La formation professionnelle des traducteurs en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: AFOLABI Segun
Published: June 2021

L’Afrique subsaharienne est indiscutablement un espace multilingue. Bien que l’Union africaine, l’organisme international regroupant les pays du continent, selon l’article 25 de son acte constitutif, adopte comme langues de travail de l’Union et de toutes ses institutions, l’arabe, l’anglais, le français et le portugais, on compte approximativement deux mille langues parlées sur le continent (Leclerc, 2017). Cette multitude de langues implique le besoin d’une communication interlinguistique. Depuis l’ère précoloniale, les traducteurs (et interprètes) africains avaient été toujours formés de manière informelle. Dans son article de 1972 intitulé « The Names and Nature of Translation Studies », James Holmes situe la formation des traducteurs au sein de la traductologie appliquée ou « Applied Translation Studies ». Depuis lors, beaucoup de choses ont été dites et publiées sur la formation des traducteurs dans le monde, mais très peu concernent la situation en Afrique subsaharienne en particulier.

Afin de mieux apprécier la situation en Afrique subsaharienne, nous partirons de l’examen d’autres contextes, notamment ceux du Canada et des pays de l’Union européenne, en guise de références et comme points de comparaison. L’objectif du présent article est double : familiariser le lecteur avec l’histoire et l’évolution de la formation des traducteurs dans les contextes étudiés, puis et plus essentiellement, attirer l’attention sur la situation qui prévaut, s’agissant de la formation des traducteurs professionnels en Afrique subsaharienne en général, et au Nigéria, géant d’Afrique, en particulier.
Comment la traduction a fait évoluer la langue sängö
Authors: DIKI-KIDIRI Marcel
Published: June 2021

Ce texte témoigne de la contribution de la traduction à l’évolution de la langue sängö. L’histoire tourmentée de la République centrafricaine a généré de nombreux cas qui nécessitent un traitement juridique, que ce soit en déférant des personnes aux tribunaux ou en organisant l’assistance aux réfugiés. Toutes ces opérations s’accompagnent d’une intense activité de traduction qui a permis le développement rapide de la terminologie juridique et administrative en sängö. Le plus souvent, il ne s’agit pas de créer des néologismes savants, mais plutôt d’organiser et de normaliser le vocabulaire à l’intérieur d’un même microchamp sémantique spécialisé tel que la gestion des réfugiés, l’évaluation, la bureautique, l’Internet, l’environnement scolaire, l’enseignement des mathématiques, etc. Le lexique évolue à mesure que la normalisation s’étend à d’autres microchamps sémantiques. Ainsi le lexique évolue grâce à la traduction.
La traduction d’interviews enregistrées permet de constater le phénomène de l’interlangue, étudié par de nombreux spécialistes de l’acquisition d’une langue étrangère, et la communication dans celle-ci par des adultes. Le projet éducatif porté par l’ONG tchèque SIRIRI, qui a décidé de relancer l’école primaire en sängö après que la guerre a tout détruit, a permis à l’auteur de contribuer à traduire des livres scolaires de cette ONG et son site Web. Outre les vocabulaires de spécialités qui bénéficient d’une croissance rapide et d’une normalisation grâce à la traduction, quelques points de grammaire aussi sont confortés ou modifiés sous son influence, notamment l’expression d’un sujet indéfini ou impersonnel et la double négation.
Wars of Memory:
Memorial Legislation in the Post-Soviet Space
Authors: Golovashina O. V.
Published: June 2021

The origins and the phenomenon of memorial legislation are considered. Special attention is paid to the memorial laws adopted in Russia and Ukraine, as well as the experience of their application. Based on the ideas of F. Artog, the author connects memorial legislation with the new “regime of historicity”, proving that it is a certain type of commemorative practice. The sources for the work were the texts of the adopted legislative acts, the introduced bills and comments, articles in the media, enabling to judge
the reaction of the public. On the basis of the studied material, the author draws the following conclusions: memorial legislation is of a political nature, memorial laws are an instrument for solving political problems; the development of memorial legislation makes law dependent on state historical policy, which can lead to a violation of the normative nature of the law; memorial legislation makes it possible to judge the development
of historical consciousness and the directions of its change.
V. I. Vernadsky's Concept of Biosphere in the Grip of Ideology
Authors: Aksenov G. P.
Published: June 2021

The concept of V. I. Vernadsky about the geological eternity of life from the very beginning provoked fierce resistance from the official Soviet ideology. As a result of constant pressure from censorship, his work did not receive scientific discussion, recognition and development. The most fundamental and important books were published long after
the death of their author. The revival of the concept of the biosphere began only in the 1960s. Today, we are on the verge of recognizing the scientific paradigm of the new geocentrism, resulting from the biosphere cosmology
of V. I. Vernadsky.
EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY
OF RECONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
OF MASS SERIES BY VALUE INDICATORS
Authors: Alenicheva Е. V. , Kozhukhina О. N.
Published: June 2021

Possible solutions for reconstruction of residential buildings of standard series are considered. The analysis of studies on the reconstruction of buildings in the world practice is conducted. The existing methods of technical and economic assessment of the effectiveness of the reconstruction of apartment buildings are analyzed. Using the example of the housing stock of the Tambov region, a study of the values of the technical and economic indicators of the space-planning solution of the building was carried out; the cost estimation of reconstruction with the construction
of superstructures or extensions to the building was made in order
to find the most optimal solution.
La terapia della trombosi venosa profonda
Authors: De Francesco Maria Maddalena , Cardinale Damiano
Published: June 2021

La trombosi venosa profonda (TVP) è l’ostruzione completa o parziale di una o più vene del circolo venoso profondo degli arti e/o dell’addome e pelvi. È la terza causa di morte più comune dopo l’infarto miocardico e l’ictus ischemico perché può determinare un’embolia polmonare (EP) con rischio di morte improvvisa, precoce o tardiva. In assenza di un tempestivo trattamento anticoagulante adeguato questa temibile complicanza si può verificare fino al 50% dei casi nei primi 3 mesi. È di fondamentale importanza la terapia e l’avvento dei Nuovi Anticoagulanti Orali (NAO) ha rapidamente cambiato gli attuali paradigmi sul trattamento del tromboembolismo venoso finora basato sull’uso embricato degli anticoagulanti iniettabili (eparina non frazionata, eparine a basso peso molecolare e fondaparinux) e degli antagonisti orali della vitamina K(AVK), trattamento complesso e talora problematico. La TVP è una complicanza frequente anche nei pazienti oncologici ed è causa frequente di morbilità e mortalità. Il trattamento ottimale nei pazienti con neoplasia maligna obbliga il clinico alla valutazione di alcuni parametri tra cui il rischio di sanguinamento, l’interazione con farmaci chemioterapici e la tipologia di cancro di cui il paziente è affetto.
Kaybasovo Poplar Forests (the Ob River, Tomsk Oblast, the Southern Taiga Subzone)
Authors: Taran Georgy S. , Dyachenko Alexander P. , Tyurin Valery N.
Published: June 2021

The Ob River basin is the last large fragment of the range of native Euro-Siberian poplar (Populus nigra, Populus alba) forests where these forests remain intact. The taiga section of the Ob River is occupied by the association Anemonidio dichotomi-Populetum nigrae Taran 1993, and the subtaiga, forest-steppe, and steppe sections are occupied by the association Equiseto hyemalis-Populetum nigrae Taran 1997. The purpose of the study is to determine the syntaxonomic status of poplar forests growing at the junction of the southern taiga and subtaiga subzones and to provide a detailed bryofloristic characterization thereof. Based on the Braun-Blanquet approach, we studied poplar forests located near the south border of the Ob River southern taiga section (Krivosheinsky district, Tomsk Oblast, Russia, surroundings of the Kaybasovo research station, 57º14′44″N, 84º11′05″E). In the forests, average species saturation by vascular plant species is 32.3 species per 100 m2, and its range is 13–56 species/100 m2. Moss flora includes 51 species. Average species saturation by mosses is 15.4 species per 100 m2, and its range is 10–21 species/100 m2. Based on the new data, total moss flora of the Ob poplar forests has increased from 73 species to 86 species and 1 variety (by 19 %), moss flora of the poplar forests of the taiga zone – from 59 species to 81 species and 1 variety (by 39 %). We identify Kaybasovo poplar forests as the new variant, Stellaria bungeana, of the subassociation Equiseto hyemalis-Populetum nigrae betuletosum pubescentis Taran 1997 (Equiseto hyemalis-Populion nigrae Taran 1997, Salicetalia purpureae Moor 1958, Salicetea purpureae Moor 1958)
Methods of Chemical and Thermochemical Processing of Hydrolytic Lignin
Authors: Sudakova Irina G. , Levdansky Alexander V. , Kuznetsov Boris N.
Published: June 2021

The analysis of the latest publications on the use of hydrolytic lignin, which is a large-tonnage waste of wood chemical processing, was carried out. In its original form, the hydrolytic lignin is used as fuel, fuel briquettes and pellets, binders and adhesives, organic fertilizers, fillers and enterosorbents. The processing of hydrolytic lignin by chemical and thermochemical methods allows to significantly expand the range of valuable products obtained from it. They are used in chemical, oil and gas and construction industries, metallurgy and other areas. Hydrolytic lignin is most widely used for the production of carbon sorbents. Recently, methods of thermochemical processing of lignin into porous carbon materials with the required texture and strength characteristics as well as into valuable organic products have been developed
The Technology for Detecting Weeds in Agricultural Crops Based on Vegetation Index VARI (PlanetScope)
Authors: Erunova Marina G. , Pisman Tamara I. , Shevyrnogov Anatoliy P.
Published: June 2021

The aim of the work is to develop techniques for detecting weediness in agricultural crops based on the use of the VARI vegetation index, calculated from the PlanetScope satellite data. The territories of the Krasnoyarsk Agricultural Research Institute of the Federal Research Center of the Krasnoyarsk Science Center of SB RAS near the village Minino (Central Siberia, Krasnoyarsk Region) were used as the object of the research. To calculate the vegetation index VARI of grain crops, the algorithm for receiving and processing PlanetScope satellite data was developed. On its basis, a map of the spatial distribution of the VARI index for wheat crops with various degrees of weediness was made. According to the satellite data of PlanetScope (VARI), possibility to interpret the areas of wheat sowing with a high and low degree of weediness during the growing season is shown. It was revealed that the VARI value of wheat crops with a low degree of infestation is greater than the VARI value of wheat crops with a high degree of infestation
THE INFLUENCE OF CONSUMER DEMAND ON THE DYNAMICS THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Demchenko Svetlana , Schmitt Margaret , Demchenko Olga
Published: June 2021

The information base of the study was the works of economists in the field of the theory of consumer demand. The article is devoted to the influence of consumer demand on the dynamics of the national economy. The hypothesis of the study is the assumption of increasing influence of Keynesian-institutional factors on the development of the Russian economy. In this study, the authors apply a Keynesian approach to the analysis of the Russian economy, based on the premise that consumer demand, which is the most significant component, is a key factor in macroeconomic dynamics. The discussion on the impact of consumer demand on the dynamics of the national economy continues. The article examines the evolution of scientific approaches related to the theory of consumption and consumer demand of households, their formation at the microeconomic level and the transition to the macroeconomic level. The analysis of the dynamics of consumer demand of households, the relationship of the dynamics of income and expenditure of the population with the composite index of consumer confidence is presented. Consumers expectations regarding the pandemic had a negative impact on consumer confidence and consumer demand in 2020 dynamics of consumer demand in the Russian economy in modern conditions shows an unstable trend. There is a drop in consumer demand, a decline in the level of savings and a drop in the index of consumer confidence of households. The results of the study can be used as guidelines for the state's economic policy aimed at stabilizing the national economy. The directions of future research are related to the study of the role of Keynesian-institutional factors in the development of the national economy, their impact on microeconomic and macroeconomic dynamics.
THE FORMATION OF THE RANGE CONCEPT THE FUNCTIONAL BREAD OF MASS RANGE
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Pushmina Irina , Kolman Olga , Koyupchenko Irina , Kudryavtsev Mihail
Published: June 2021

Determination of the directions of formation of the contemporary level of quality and assortment concept of the species diversity of functional bread of mass assortment with the use of wild berry plants Ericaceae for health improving nutrition. The materials were questionnaires of a survey of potential consumers of functional bread of the city of Krasnoyarsk, wild berry plants of the Heather family (Ericaceae): fruits of cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos), of cowberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), of blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum) and powders from them. The method of isolation of the average sample according to GOST 24.027.0-80 was used in the work. The content of toxic elements in berries was determined according to GOST 26927-86, GOST 26930-86, GOST 30178-96 using an atomic emission spectrometer with inductively coupled plasma-iCAP 6500. Generally accepted theoretical and statistical research methods, combinatorial analysis, and data processing using standard mathematical programs were used in the work. Study of the consumer survey, literature data of the chemical composition of berries of wild plants Ericaceae, data on the possibility of procurement of raw materials on the territory of Krasnoyarsk region, investigation of safety performance of the raw material and powders out of him for compliance with the requirements of TR CU 021/2011 and 027/2012 indicate the possibility of their use in the composition of functional bread as a source of biologically active compounds with a variety of positive physiological properties. The multivariance of the development of the range of functional types of bread with additives from Ericaceae berries is confirmed by the data of combinatorial analysis. As a result, an assortment concept of the species diversity of functional bread of a mass assortment of contemporary quality with additives from wild berry plants Ericaceae for improving nutrition was formed. Researches is promising in the formation of the range and actual quality of functional types of bread of mass assortment using local wild-growing raw materials, the advantage of which is naturalness, the content of functional ingredients, and contribute to the development of the range and technologies of healthy food products.
ANALYSIS OF ECONOMY IN PROCUREMENT FOR PUBLIC NEEDS BASED ON A SYSTEM AND RISK-BASED APPROACHES
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Demakova Evgeniya , Demina Larisa , Menshikova Viktoria
Published: June 2021

The efficiency of public procurement today is considered all over the world as a complex of effects that ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the country. Among these effects, a special role is played by budget savings obtained as a result of tenders. In this case, the average number of submitted bids for one purchase is considered as the main criterion for competition in purchases and a condition for the growth of financial savings. We assume that this criterion is not sufficient for a qualitative analysis of such savings and balanced management of all the beneficial effects of public procurement. Using a systematic and risk-based approach, we have formulated an extended list of indicators that allow us to identify opportunities for increasing savings and risks of deterioration of other characteristics of procurement. The study of the proposed indicators by statistical methods was carried out on the example of purchases by the Kaliningrad customs. A differentiated analysis of the savings obtained as a result of auctions with different numbers of bids submitted showed a relationship between the initial contract price, the level of competition in procurement and the amount of saved financial resources. At the same time, it was revealed that a significant share of auctions in value terms is held without competition, and among those held with high competition, the share of the risk zone is too high, where the winner of the auction reduces the initial contract price by 25% or more. Further testing of the approaches we have formulated to a multidimensional assessment of the budget savings will reveal patterns in ensuring the efficiency of procurement for government organizations of various territorial and departmental affiliations.
SECONDARY USE OF PACKAGING MATERIALS IN CONTACT WITH FOOD
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Chalykh Tatyana
Published: June 2021

The problems of safe use of packaging for contact with food are discussed. In particular, the possibility of migration of low molecular weight chemicals from packaging materials to a consumer product, which above a certain established threshold value, represents a significant risk, has been investigated. Particular attention is paid to packaging that contains recycled materials. The problems that need to be solved for the safe use of recycled materials in packaging are discussed. An example of the use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which has passed the stages of controlled aging in mechanical recycling, is considered. The change in the microstructure of the polymer from cycle to cycle, its chemical composition and physical parameters were assessed by methods: physico-mechanical, optical and electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, viscosity (melt flow rate), biotesting. A noticeable effect of the aging process on both the original primary polymer and the recycled one is shown. Moreover, the biotesting method revealed sufficient toxicity of both secondary PET, which has a certificate, and PET flakes. As the oxo-degradable packaging, two samples of industrial polymer packaging were chosen, which contained different oxo-degradable additives: d2w and "REVERTE". The ciliates Tetrahymena pyriformis were used as test objects. Research has shown that a declared supplement can only be a declaration. The analysis of the microstructure and chemical composition of the films by X-ray diffraction microanalysis revealed the absence of transition metal ions. The test objects of the ciliates behaved practically the same in control solutions and in the presence of the studied films with the d2w oxo additive, which reliably indicates the absence of these additives in the films. The prospects of using the methods of biotesting of packaging materials have been proved as they allow, without the use of model environments and sanitary-chemical studies, to give a relatively quick conclusion about the safety of the material and its suitability for contact with food.
Heritability, genetic gain, and correlations in cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata [L.] (Walp.)
Authors: Araméndiz-Tatis Hermes , Cardona-Ayala Carlos , Espitia-Camacho Miguel
Published: June 2021

Cowpea beans are the most important legume in the Caribbean region of Colombia. This grain is produced mainly by small farmers in rural agriculture but is becoming more important every year for commercial agriculture. The objective of this study was to estimate heritability, genetic gain and correlations between agronomic characteristics and the nutritional content of 30 cowpea bean cultivars. The number of days to flowering (NDF), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of pods per peduncle (NPPE), peduncle length (PEL), number of nodes on main stem (NNMS), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), weight of 100 seeds (W100S), iron content (FeC), zinc content (ZnC), protein content in percentage (PROT) and YIELD were evaluated. Likewise, the genetic parameters: phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), variability index (b), heritability [(h2 (%)], genetic gain (GG) and genetic progress (%), together with phenotypic correlations and genetic correlations, were determined. Genetic variability was evidenced in the population (P<0.05), except for PEL. The highest heritability was in W100S, ZnC and FeC (h2A> 96%). The greatest advance was achieved in ZnC, FeC, W100S and YIELD, with values higher than 30%, indicating the potential use of the evaluated genotypes for improving this species and positive and significant phenotypic and genotypic correlations between YIELD and PROT. Therefore, cultivars with higher yields and protein contents can be obtained.
Regulating the postharvest life of Campomanesia lineatifolia R. & P. fruits through the interaction of ethylene, 1-methylcyclopropene and low temperatures
Authors: González C. Angie Katherine , González-Martínez Laura Fernanda , Córdoba Luis David , Rincón P. Alfonso , Balaguera-López Helber Enrique
Published: June 2021

The champa (Campomanesia lineatifolia) is a very perishability berry with a pleasant taste. The objective of this research was to study the regulation and prolongation of the postharvest conservation of champa fruits using 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and refrigeration. Two experiments were carried out: In experiment 1, four treatments were evaluated to understand the regulation of maturation. The treatments were: control, 1-MCP, ethylene and 1-MCP + ethylene. The fruits were stored at room temperature. In experiment 2, the combination of the application of 1-MCP and two storage temperatures (room temperature [16±2°C] as well as 2±0.4°C) were used. In the two experiments, four repetitions were used, each one with approximately 500 g of fruits harvested at stage 2 of maturity (25% yellow and 75% green). The results of experiment 1 indicated that the fruits with 1-MCP presented the longest postharvest duration (17 days), firmness, and titratable acidity. They also had the lowest respiratory rate and weight loss during the 10 days. However, the fruits treated with ethylene had the opposite behavior, indicating that the changes evaluated during ripening were associated with this hormone. In experiment 2, the fruits refrigerated at 2°C, with or without the application of 1-MCP, had the longest postharvest duration, lasting 26 days, as compared to 12 days in the control fruits (without refrigeration and with 1-MCP). The fruits that lasted longer had a low respiratory rate during storage, as well as lower values for weight loss and, color index but, greater firmness and acidity. The 1-MCP was efficient when the fruits were at room temperature.
PATIENTS’ SATISFACTION AND SAFETY OF LASER HAIR REMOVAL
Authors: Tofiq Kazhan , Suliman Khalid
Published: June 2021

Background 

Laser treatment for controlling unwanted hair or laser-assisted hair removal is ever-increasing in popularity. This technology has been introduced to our practice for more than a decade, and it is fast advancing. Many factories that produce laser machines, and even beauty or aesthetic centers, claim commercially that laser hair removal in all skin types is free of side effects. This study aims to detect the degree of patients’ satisfaction with current practice in laser hair removal and the incidence of adverse effects after laser and light systems therapy for hair removal.

Objectives 

To find out the degree of patients’ satisfaction with laser treatment of unwanted hair or hirsutism in addition to assessing the safety of laser-assisted hair removal, through detecting post-treatment side effects (e.g. redness, pain, scarring, post-laser hyper or hypopigmentation).

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study in a private dermatology and laser clinic in Sulaimania city/Iraq-Kurdistan Region.Three hundred (300) patients were involved in our study. They attended ongoing laser hair removal sessions. All patients were interviewed and treated by Dual head Alexandrite/Nd-yag Laser or Diod laser.

Results

Out of 300 patients, included in our study, two hundred eighty-eight were females and their ages ranged from 15 to 64 yrs. The number of sessions was from one to 37 sessions in this group. Duration of laser treatment, found to range from 1 to 50 months. Immediate side effects like redness, blistering, and pain were reported in 76 patients (25.3%), while long-term side effects like hyperpigmentation, acne flare, or scarring were seen in 28 patients (9.3%). Regarding the degree of patients’ satisfaction,167 patients (55.6%) were highly satisfied, 120 (40%) were less satisfied, while 13 (4.3%) were unsatisfied with the results of laser-assisted hair control. Our study found no correlation between both immediate and long-term side effects with the age of the patients. The sessions’ number was also well-tolerated and effective treatment modality not related significantly to the age, or the number of sessions.

Conclusion

Laser treatment of unwanted hair is a safe, well-tolerated, and effective treatment modality, which leads to high patient satisfaction.
PREOPERATIVE ANXIETY AMONG ADULT PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE SURGERY AT RANYA GENERAL HOSPITAL /KURDISTAN-IRAQ
Authors: Hamad Shewan , Amen Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Background 

Background: Surgical operations are among the factors that cause anxiety. Therefore, assessment of preoperative anxiety for scheduled surgical operations is necessary because it enhances surgical outcomes and patient’s satisfaction.

Objectives 

To find out the prevalence of preoperative anxiety and its association with socio-demographic characteristics of the study sample who undergoing elective surgery.

Patients and methods

One hundred four patients who underwent elective surgery at Ranya general hospital recruited to present a descriptive study through convenience sample technic. The data collected by a direct interview and through the questionnaire included patient’s socio-demographic characteristics and the state and trait anxiety inventory measurement scale (Form Y-1) was used to assess preoperative anxiety. The patients’ verbal consent was obtained and the study approved by the ethical committee at the College of the Medicine/ University of Sulaimani. The data were analyzed by descriptive and interferential statistics with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version (24.0).

Results

The age of more than half (52.9%) was <40 years, the majority were female (71%), married (82%), who reported barely sufficient financially was (65.4%) and more than half were low educated. The prevalence of preoperative anxiety was high (59.6%), preoperative anxiety significantly associated with participants’ age, gender, marital status and levels of education, p <0.05.

Conclusion

In the present study the prevalence of preoperative anxiety was high (more than half). Young, female, unmarried and less-educated found to be statistically significant for preoperative anxiety. Psychological preparation and providing the proper information regarding the operation procedure may help in reducing preoperative anxiety.