bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Utilization in a Ghanaian Teaching Hospital: Trend and Policy Implications
Authors: Mensah Yaw B. , Mensah Kwadwo , Gbadamosi Hafisatu , Mensah Naa A.
Published: July 2020

Background: The use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is new in Ghana compared with some Western countries.A number of studies have observed increased MRI utilization due to increased sensitivity to diagnosis, and the paradigm shift to modalities that do not use radiation. Challenges with MRI use include high cost of the examination and inappropriate requests by referring clinicians.

Objective: To determine the MRI utilisation trend in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Ghana and its policy implications.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study undertaken in the Radiology Department, KBTH, from February to March, 2017. Eight hundred and forty request forms for MRI studies between January, 2013 and December 2016 were reviewed. Information on patient’s age and sex, number of MRI studies done, body parts and clinical conditions evaluated, appropriateness of clinical requests and existing policies on MRI in Ghana was gathered. Measures of central tendency and spread were obtained. Chi square, Pearson’s correlation and linear regression analysis were also used in the analysis.

Results: The top three body parts requested were Spine (55 %), Brain (19%) and Joints (6 %); degenerative disease was the most common clinical condition evaluated.Significant association and correlation were obtained between of the number of body parts evaluated and examination year as well as the variety of clinical conditions requested and examination year.

Conclusion: A progressive increase was noted in MRI utilisation both in number and diversity but no policy guiding MRI use in Ghana exists.
A call to action for osteoporosis research in sub-saharan Africa Yacoba Atiase and Akuffo Quarde
Authors: Atiase Yacoba , Quarde Akuffo
Published: July 2020

Data abounds on osteoporosis in developed countries unlike developing countries, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa. This review was done to confirm the paucity of data the authors suspected and to encourage studies in this field. AJOL (African Journals Online), MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies published from January 1980 to August 2018. The eligibility criteria for inclusion were observational studies evaluating osteoporosis prevalence or incidence rates of fragility fractures. Out of 1,170 articles identified, six met the eligibility criteria.

Prevalence of osteoporosis ranged from 18.2% to 65.8% across a heterogenous at-risk population. Bone mineral density assessment was limited by the measurement method, with most studies using quantitative ultrasound instead of standard bone densitometry.

From the available studies, the prevalence of osteoporosis and fragility fracture incidence may not be low in Sub-Saharan Africa; what is, however, evident is the paucity of good quality data from this region. Considering an expected aging population in sub-Saharan Africa, future research should be encouraged and aimed at clarifying the burden of this non-communicable disease. This will guide healthcare policy in this medically underserved part of Africa.

Keywords: osteoporosis, incidence, prevalence, hip fracture, fragility fracture

Funding: None declared
Effect of Cell Density on the Removal of Microcystis by Coagulation
Authors: Han Joo Eun , Lee Wontae
Published: July 2020

Objectives:This study evaluated the removal of Microcystis by coagulation in raw waters with three different cell densities.Methods:Raw waters were prepared at three different cell densities (target cell densities of 10,000, 100,000, and 1,000,000 cell/mL; actual cell densities of 9,950, 102,000, and 991,000 cell/mL) by adding Microcystis into surface water from Nakdong river. Jar-tests were conducted with PACL, alum, illite, and loess at dosages of 0-150 mg/L.Results and Discussion:Regardless of coagulant types, the removal rates of Microcystis increased as the coagulant dosages increased. PACl and alum exhibited higher removal rates than illite and loess; PACl was the best coagulant to remove Microcystis. Removal of chlorophyll-a was highest when PACl added at 20.4 mg/L, and no significant increase in removal rate was observed with higher dosages of PACl. However, removal rates of chlorophyll-a by illite and loess gradually increased as the dosages increased.Conclusions:With the coagulants tested in this study, removal rates of Microcystis increased as the coagulant dosages increased. Removal rates of Microcystis increased as the cell densities increased probably because Microcystis acted as particles which could enhance the coagulation efficiency.
O ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE FORTALECIMENTO DO PROJETO ÉTICO-POLÍTICO
Authors: Ponciano da Silva Gabriele
Published: July 2020

Resumo: O presente trabalho faz uma reflexão acerca do Projeto de Formação inscrito nas Diretrizes curriculares da ABEPSS e enfatiza a proposta de Estágio Supervisionado elucidado no referido projeto. Historicizamos e retomamos os principais documentos que normatizam e qualificam o significado do Estágio no âmbito do Serviço Social. Apontamos como esse processo ocorreu a partir da experiência docente com responsabilidades vinculadas diretamente ao Estágio. Por fim, apresentamos algumas das aproximações que foram possíveis a partir da socialização de uma atividade realizada na disciplina de Introdução ao Estágio que proporcionou reflexões e apreensões significativas para o fortalecimento da proposta de Estágio Supervisionado como estratégia do fortalecimento do Projeto ético-político.
PROCESSO DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA DE ESTÁGIO NO CENTRO DE PROMOÇÃO SOCIAL MUNICIPAL DE LIMEIRA-SP
Authors: Ralfh Silva Pereira Salgado Rayoni , Aparecida Mendes Fernanda , Fernanda de Lima Santana Monique
Published: July 2020

O estágio supervisionado é imprescindível na formação profissional, pois, é nesta fase que os estudantes apreendem a correlação entre teoria e prática, apropriando-se de conhecimentos e ferramentas que possibilitarão o desenvolvimento de consciência crítica e prática profissional qualificada. Neste sentido, entende-se o estágio como ato educativo monitorado, desenvolvido em ambiente que visa à preparação para o trabalho produtivo. Desta forma, torna-se necessário o acompanhamento sistemático dos estagiários, junto aos supervisores, buscando-se promover maior integração destes com a instituição contratante. O presente relato de experiência tem por objetivo apresentar o processo de implantação da Política de Estágio no Centro de Promoção Social Municipal CEPROSOM do município de Limeira-SP.
Los sistemas de protección social y las prestaciones económicas en el periodo de la Gran Recesión Económica 2008-2014. Una reflexión a partir del caso de Andalucía.
Authors: Carrasco Salas Manuel Jesús , Borrego Alés Yolanda , Vázquez Aguado Octavio
Published: July 2020

Numerosos estudios constatan la incidencia que la crisis económica ha tenido sobre los sistemas de protección social, especialmente en los servicios sociales comunitarios o de base. El esfuerzo en la financiación de estos sistemas de protección que ha tenido que realizar las comunidades autónomas y las corporaciones locales, y el consiguiente reflejo que eso ha tenido en las partidas de gasto social, son dos constantes que aparecen en las investigaciones sobre la materia. En este trabajose ha focalizado la atención en las prestaciones económicas de los servicios sociales comunitarios en Andalucía, para ponerlos en relación con otras prestaciones económicas de otros sistemas de protección social y observar el comportamiento de todas ellas durante el periodo de crisis económica. El aumento de perceptores y del gasto social en estas prestaciones económicas viene a contradecir lo que ocurre en términos absolutos y, evidentemente, pone de relieve un sistema que ha tenido que salir a solventar situaciones de carencia económica familiar en la época de la gran depresión económica.
Percepciones de los futuros docentes en relación a la inclusión del estudiantado con necesidades educativas especiales en aulas ordinarias
Authors: Arias-Sanchez Samuel , Diez-Toscano Patricia , Cubero Pérez Rosario
Published: July 2020

Actualmente, en el sistema educativo español la integración e inclusión educativa es un asunto que genera opiniones contrapuestas en los profesionales. Indagar en este ámbito resulta necesario para visibilizar el derecho a la educación igualitaria de las personas con diversidad funcional y para detectar necesidades de formación en los futuros profesionales. En este estudio empírico se analizaron las inquietudes de los futuros docentes en lo que respecta a la inclusión de alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales en las aulas ordinarias. Para este propósito se presentó una encuesta a 205 estudiantes del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Sevilla con una escala que mostró buenos índices de fiabilidad y consistencia. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la escala empleada es fiable y válida, y se comprobó si algunas características personales de los universitarios influían en su percepción. Se observó que la presencia de alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales en las aulas genera poca inquietud en estos universitarios con independencia del género, curso en el que se encuentren, y las relaciones personales que hayan tenido con personas con diversidad funcional.
Aprendizaje significativo en el desarrollo de competencias digitales. Análisis de tendencias.
Authors: González-Zamar Mariana-Daniela , Abad-Segura Emilio , Belmonte-Ureña Luis Jesús
Published: July 2020

En la generación de los nacidos en un entorno digital, los dispositivos se entienden como algo natural en la manera de obtener información instantánea. El sistema educativo se ha adaptado y ha desarrollado nuevos modelos pedagógicos, para aunar la docencia con las características intrínsecas de los estudiantes digitales. En este escenario, el aprendizaje significativo provee al sistema educativo de un modelo activo que permite que al estudiante asociar la información nueva con la que ya posee, reajustando y reconstruyendo ambas en el proceso. En este contexto, las nuevas tecnologías actúan como herramientas mediadoras del aprendizaje, favoreciendo las prácticas pedagógicas en las relaciones entre docente y estudiantes. La aplicación de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación fomentan la adquisición de habilidades, destrezas y conocimientos para su posterior aplicación profesional y social. Así, el objetivo del estudio fue identificar las publicaciones científicas relacionadas con el aprendizaje significativo y las tecnologías aplicadas en la educación superior durante el período 2000 a 2019. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico de la literatura científica. Se identificaron 1.161 documentos sobre esta temática. Los resultados del análisis revelaron que la productividad científica se ha incrementado desde el año 2010, verificando el profundo interés por los nuevos recursos tecnológicos aplicados a la enseñanza. Las principales tendencias de investigación incluyen el impacto en los procesos cognitivos, motivaciones y del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.
El derecho a la protección contra la pobreza y la exclusión social como paradigma del respeto de la dignidad humana. La inserción del ingreso mínimo vital en el marco de la evolución de los estándares internacionales
Authors: Jimena Quesada Luis
Published: July 2020

La efectividad del derecho a la protección contra la pobreza y la exclusión social constituye la tarea más excelsa del jurista, tendente a conseguir el objetivo último de la Justicia y el respeto de la Dignidad Humana. Con tal premisa, en primer lugar, el autor defiende que tal derecho, por su carácter multifacético, ilustra de manera paradigmática el carácter indivisible de todos los derechos humanos. En segundo término, el artículo analiza la progresiva consolidación de los estándares internacionales (universales y europeos) en el ámbito de la erradicación de la pobreza y la exclusión social, poniendo el acento en el papel crucial del artículo 30 de la Carta Social Europea y de la jurisprudencia del Comité Europeo de Derechos Sociales. A continuación, el autor somete a escrutinio el impacto de esos estándares en algunas experiencias nacionales, concretamente en Francia y Finlandia y, sobre todo, en el debate y situación actual en España a la luz de la reciente introducción del ingreso mínimo vital. Finalmente, las conclusiones subrayan la importancia del derecho a la protección contra la pobreza y la exclusión social, un verdadero reto agravado por la crisis del COVID-19.
El seguro popular en Oaxaca y su desaparición
Authors: Moyado Flores Socorro
Published: July 2020

Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la evolución del Seguro Popular en Oaxaca y su desaparición a partir de 2019. Se fundamenta en el planteamiento internacional y nacional sobre el enfoque basado en los derechos humanos que avecina principios claros de no discriminación, disponibilidad y accesibilidad sujeta a la calidad, rendición de cuentas y la universalidad. Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa de alcance descriptivo que busca aportar a la discusión sobre garantizar la salud como derecho social. El sustento jurídico Constitucional mexicano y el reconocimiento de este derecho en la Declaración de los Derechos Humanos y en el Pacto Internacional de los Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales y, junto con otros pactos internacionales que el Estado mexicano ha ratificado, se ha constituido el marco jurídico para su exigibilidad. El estudio se centra en el caso de Oaxaca por tratarse de uno de los estados más pobres de México y el 66% de su población está afiliada a este seguro.
Héctor Álvarez García, Los precursores de la libertad de expresión en España, Valencia, Tirant lo Blanch (Colección “Monografías”), 2019
Authors: Alegre Martínez Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2020

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Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Approach across Curriculum in Science Classrooms: Are the English Language Use and Learning Reveal?
Authors: Deswila Nurhamsi , Kustati Martin , Besral Besral , Sukandi Syayid Sandi
Published: July 2020

The study aims to reveal the implementation CLIL approach in improving studentsâ€™ English language use and learning in the science classroom.Â  A descriptive study was employed where data were collected using observation and interview to two classes at of Private Islamic Boarding in West Sumatera. The students for CLIL Strategy are the first grade of junior high school at science classrooms. The result of the research revealed that the use of the CLIL strategy across the curriculum is an effective strategy to develop English language use and learning. The pedagogical implications of the study for the EFL students in science classrooms include the need for teachers to consider underlying theories of teaching English in EFL context taking into account studentsâ€™ constraints; a focus on the various types of studentsâ€™ English ability and consider studentsâ€™ interest in topic selection; teachers to be aware of the significance of the relationship between their attitude and background in classroom practice; teachers to be trained formally on the implementation of the CLIL Strategy.
Effect of Dao Jiang Ping (DJP) Model Based Module on Learning Result of XI Class Students
Authors: Suciati Suciati , Maridi Maridi , Dewi Nurul Kusuma , Subandowo Dedy , Sasmito Anggit
Published: July 2020

Learning outcomes are an evaluation mechanism in the curriculum to achieve graduates competency standards. Student learning outcomes include cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of DJP Model based module to student learning result of class XI. The research used experimental method with pretest-posttest control group design. The research population is all of the XI MIA class of SMA Negeri 1 Geger with a total number of 192 students scattered into six classes. The sample which is taken by using simple random sampling technique resulted in two classes, namely XI MIA 3 class (experimental class using DJP Model module) which consist of 34 students and XI MIA 6 (control class using teaching material in school) which consist of 34 students. Data collection techniques are done through test (measuring cognitive learning outcomes) and non-tests (measuring affective and psychomotor learning outcomes). The research instruments used in this research were multiple choice questions, observation sheets, and documentation. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18 t-test with significance level of 0.05. The result of the analysis showed the experimental cognitive learning result of experimental class is higher (75,29 with 76,47% completeness) than control class (59,12 with 8,82% completeness) with significance level 0,000. The affective learning outcomes of experimental class were higher (89.78) than the control class (23.43) with significance level of 0.000. The experimental psychomotor learning outcomes of experimental class were higher (90.72) than control class (9,84) with a significance level of 0.000. Based on the results of the research can be concluded that the DJP Model-based Module gives positive effect on student learning outcomes of XI graders.
Green Cloud Computing: Energy Efficiency and Management
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Sharma Himani , Singh Gurpreet
Published: July 2020

As cloud computing services become popular, it is important for cloud service providers (CSPs) to ensure their duty to society by reducing the impact on the environment due to their operations. CSPs use higher amounts of energy because of the large power demand to run datacenters (DCs). The transient development of cloud computing models has led to the establishment of multiple DCs worldwide. Energy efficiency of ICT and CO2 emissions is a major issue in cloud computing. Scientists are constantly working on this issue to find a solution. Among other options, there is well-known virtualization that is accepted by IT organizations to reduce CO2 emissions and power usage. The basic goal of this paper is to present important methods of VM placement used for measurement of PUE in distributed DCs and with varying carbon emission rates. Finally, we present an analysis of several open stack techniques with ACO, DVFS, ECE, and Two-phase Carbon Aware techniques.
Uma perspectiva esquizoanalítica do conhecimento: notas acerca da relação entre corpo, desejo e percepção
Authors: Setembrino Argus , Gimenes Lucio Flavio De Santana
Published: July 2020

O objetivo neste artigo é fornecer elementos para a investigação das relações entre o “corpo que conhece” e o corpo produzido pelo regime escolar, de modo a oferecer algumas ferramentas da Esquizoanálise que se abriga sob a Psicologia Política/Psicologia da Diferença para pensar a práxis do educador físico em contexto escolar. Discutimos corpo, percepção e desejo a partir de nossas pesquisas com o referencial esquizoanalítico. Compreendemos que a esquizoanálise possibilita novas ferramentas para a prática educacional. Desse modo intentamos ferramentas de análise e de construção de fugas em meio ao instituído.
Imagens da natação para a formação da consciência de si
Authors: Sobral Anna Clara Souza , Peres Nélio Borges
Published: July 2020

Buscamos ouvir diálogos entre a natação e a consciência de si (acopladas a maquinas) sobre a relação corpo e alma. Diálogos entre uma tradição que pensa a mente humana como parte da natureza orgânica enquanto aborda o inorgânico no meio liquido.  Através de analogias com o nado, compreendemos a ideia de formação como uma arte de viver em tempo líquido. Na pesquisa de campo, a fenomenologia ajudou abordar valores do espaço interior das pessoas que nadam. Solicitamos que alunos de natação escrevessem uma carta para responder a pergunta “O que você sente quando nada?” Observamos relatos que indicam que ao colocar o corpo na água e perder o chão debaixo dos pés, o sujeito pode se tornar capaz de entrar em contato consigo mesmo, de modo que a natação não é somente aprender e vivenciar os quatros estilos competitivos, mas conscientização e meditação.
Educação Física e BNCC: atualização de um projeto tupiniquim de educação pública no Brasil
Authors: Garcia Lênin Tomazett , Rodrigues Anegleyce Teodoro , Tavares Raquel Nunes
Published: July 2020

O artigo busca demonstrar como no processo de elaboração das primeiras da BNCC as determinações de constituição da nação brasileira dependente e periférica se atualizam e desenvolvem. A vocação autocrática do poder político no Brasil se recria no campo da Educação Física determinando tanto a sua conversão a um projeto tupiniquim de BNCC para a nossa área quanto a sua ameaça enquanto componente curricular na escola pública brasileira. O texto busca explicar que essa guinada bonapartista não é surpreendente e o consequente enfrentamento destas determinações é condição sine qua non para o avanço da Educação Física enquanto componente curricular. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e que se vale de um caminho já trilhado dos autores no estudo e publicações sobre BNCC, citados ao longo da exposição.
Effects of Dombeya Buettneri Extracts on Heamapoietic Indices of Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Obochi G O , Ochalefu D O , Amali E O.O , Ufaruna N , Myke Mbata B , Eteng M U
Published: July 2020

The effects of Dombeya buettneri extracts on electrolyte and heamapoietic indices of wistar albino rats were studied. The results showed that there was a significant increase in red blood cells, white blood cells and hemoglobin, resulting in hemopoiesis and synthesis of hememoiety for hemogloglobin. Thephytochemical composition showed low phytic acid (trace) which suggests antioxidant activity, enhancing immunocompetence. The LD50 obtained was 2.58mg/kg, suggesting that dosage of Dombeya buettneri below this LD50 is safe. This work suggests that Dombeya buettneri may be useful inthe treatment of anemia and may boost immune response, and that administration (dosage) below 2.58mg/kg is safe
Seventy Years on from the Luria and Delbrûck Fluctuation Analysis: A Comparison of three Methods for Estimating Mutation Rate
Authors: Nyinoh I W
Published: July 2020

Seventy years ago, Luria and Delbrûck discovered fluctuation assay for estimating mutation rates. While this method is slightly dated, it is one of the few methods for estimating mutation rates in batch culture. Mutation rates when determined expose information on cellular processes and fundamental mutagenic mechanisms. Formerly, inferences drawn from fluctuation assay were sufficient to answer a specific question inbacterial genetics. However, contemporary interpretation of results goes far beyond the motive originally intended. As the fluctuation assay has gained popularity in various scientific disciplines, analyses of results obtained are not same. This study aims to compare the estimation of mutation rates using the Poison distribution (Po) method with, the Ma-Sarka Sandri maximum likelihood estimator and the Lea-Coulson median estimator. Mycobacterium smegmatismc 2 155was used as a model organism for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and spontaneous mutations that arose in stationary phase cells exposed to antibiotic stress were investigated. Ten to twenty-four parallel cultures were tested with various anti-tuberculosis drugs; isoniazid, kanamycin, rifampicin and streptomycin. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the drugs were also determinedto be; 8 ìg/mL, 0.24 ìg/mL, 16 ìg/mL and 0.5 ìg/mL for isoniazid, kanamycin, rifampicin and streptomycin respectively. The mutation rates obtained with the methods were very similar. To improve the power of deductions drawn from fluctuation assay, efforts should be made to experimentally determine the relative fitness of wild-type to mutant bacteria.This comparison is only a guide providing evidence regarding the authenticity of some of the methods currently available to researchers interested in estimating bacterial mutation rates.Keywords: antibiotic resistance, mutation rate, fluctuation assay, fluctuation analysis calculator.
Estrategias motivacionales para mejorar las relaciones interpersonales en los docentes de la Escuela Profesional de Tecnología Médica de la Universidad de Chiclayo
Authors: Mendoza Deza Yris Adriana , Vásquez Gastelumendi Dora Victoria , Ríos Campos Carlos Alberto , Camacho Delgado Freddy Manuel , Gutiérrez Valverde Karina Silvana
Published: July 2020

Se realizó la investigación con el objetivo de diseñar estrategias motivacionales para mejorar las relaciones interpersonales en los docentes de la Escuela Profesional de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud – Universidad de Chiclayo. Para ello se aplicaron encuestas, observación, entrevistas estructuradas y en profundidad y testimonios sobre el nivel de relaciones interpersonales. Luego, se procedió a examinar el problema en relación con las teorías de Kurt Lewin, Douglas Mcgregor y Daniel Goleman que sirvieron de fundamento a nuestra propuesta de estrategias motivacionales. Se concluyó que la mayoría de docentes presentan malas relaciones interpersonales, lo que se manifiesta en mala comunicación, ausencia de socialización, falta de identidad institucional, falta de identidad con los conceptos de respeto, autonomía y libertad, entre otros. Las estrategias motivacionales son esenciales, ya que nos permiten trabajar con todos los docentes de manera dinámica e interactiva afinando e incrementando el nivel de las relaciones interpersonales.
Distribución geográfica y análisis de la dieta del Mochuelo de Hoyo Athene cunicularia, en el estado Falcón, Venezuela
Authors: Salas A. Vanessa G. , Contreras M. Francisco J. , Martino Ángela , Fernández Ordoñez Juan C. , García Eucleris
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Conocer la distribución geográfica y estimar la composición de la dieta del Mochuelo de hoyo Athene cunicularia en el estado Falcón, Venezuela. Metodología: investigación descriptiva. Para determinar la dieta fueron monitoreadas 19 madrigueras en las que se colectaron 62 egagrópilas de 27 individuos, en distintos periodos, enero – abril y agosto – noviembre del 2018, agosto – octubre del 2019 y enero – marzo del 2020. Para obtener información sobre su distribución, se marcaron puntos de coordenadas de todas las zonas de ocurrencia o de ubicación confirmada y posteriormente se realizó un modelo de distribución potencial con el Software Maxent 3.2.1 para predecir su distribución en áreas no observadas Resultados: Se identificaron 632 ítems presa, Athene cunicularia posee un consumo marcado de invertebrados (75%) con preferencias de especies del orden Coleoptera y otro (56%) de vertebrados. Se confirmaron 11 sitios de establecimiento y el análisis de distribución potencial, define que esta especie podría localizarse en gran parte del estado Falcón, en el eje Central, la Península de Paraguaná, el Occidente y pequeñas áreas en el Oriente, Conclusión: La dieta de Athene cunicularia en el estado Falcón, se compara con la común ecología trófica de esta especie, sin embargo, posee con una marcada variabilidad en el consumo, adaptada a la disponibilidad presente en los ecosistemas semidesérticos y desérticos, donde puede existir mayor disponibilidad de presas.
Factors influencing the development of ecotourism in tourist towns in Kermanshah Province, Iran
Authors: Moradi Heshmat , Poursaeed Alireza , Vahedi Marjan , Bagher Arayesh Mohammad
Published: July 2020

This study was carried out to explain the development of ecotourism in the tourist villages of the Kermanshah province, using a quantitative-qualitative method. Qualitative data analysis was performed using the maxqda12 software. The statistical sample in the qualitative section was snowball and 20 experts. In the quantitative section, the stratified random sampling method with the Morgan ratio was used. The research tool was an interview with a questionnaire prepared by an investigator derived from the qualitative phase of the research and the background. Data analysis with SPSS24 and PLS2 software indicated that the study model was adequate. On the other hand, it was discovered that all the dimensions of the conceptual research model were extracted from the qualitative and literary studies of the research literature to measure the factors and had a good function in the measurement of these concepts. The multivariate determination coefficient for the main structural equation was 85.5%, indicating that the independent variables of the study included economic, social, and cultural factors, participation, attractions, management, policy formulation, and infrastructure factors. Economic, social and cultural factors, attractions, ecotourism, participatory management and policy-making infrastructures have priorities, second to seventh, respectively. The first priority focuses on anticipating changes in the development of ecotourism
Comparative floral and pollen morphology of some invasive and native impatiens species
Authors: Vinogradova Yulia Konstantinovna , Kuklina Alla Georgievna , Tkacheva Ekaterina Vasilyevna , Ryabchenko Andrey Sergeevich , Khomutovskiy Maksim Igorevich , Shelepova Olga Vladimirovna
Published: July 2020

To evaluate the hypothesis of competitive superiority of invasive species, we compared the invasive Impatiens parviflora DC. and I. Glandulifera royle, the naturalized I. Nevskii pobed. and the native I. Noli-tangere L. in the flowers’ morphometric characters at different phases of anthesis. The characters in which alien species have a competitive superiority over closely related I. Noli-tangere are revealed. Morphological variability was studied by morphometric observations of the following characters: bud: length and diameter; spurred sepal: length and width; spur: length and diameter; lateral sepal: length and width; largest petal: length and death; large lobe of lateral petal: length and width; small lobe of lateral petal: length and width; anther: length; stamen’s filament: length; calyptra: length and width; ovary: length and diameter; length of a style, length of a stigma. There is a tendency for alien Impatiens species of the earlier development of androecium and gynoecium: сaliptra is formed at the stage of uncolored bud, the pistil is differentiated in ovary, short style and stigma is formed at the stage of colored bud. No other flowers’ morphometric characters, representing competitive advantage of the invasive I. Glandulifera and I. Parviflora over the native I. Noli-tangere and naturalized I. Nevskii were identified.
The share of health care spending in the structure of GDP as a criterion for the healthcare system effectiveness
Authors: Zyukin Danil Alekseevich , Bystritskaya Anna Yurievna , Golovin Artem Alekseevich , Vlasova Olga Vladimirovna
Published: July 2020

Effective work of the healthcare system is becoming increasingly important in modern conditions, which actualizes the task of finding tools to increase the effectiveness of its functioning; this should ultimately lead to a decrease in morbidity and an increase in life expectancy. One of the main criteria for social development in modern conditions is the share of health care spending as a percentage of GDP; since this reflects the degree of attention and concern of the state about the health and life of citizens. The research hypothesis states that the share of health care costs does not affect the quality of the health care system, which is expressed in the average life expectancy of the population. To confirm the hypothesis, an analysis was made of the degree of influence of the share of expenditures on health care development on GDP on average life expectancy in the context of countries using a simple pair correlation and correlation between ranks; A cluster analysis of the countries was also carried out on the basis of their grouping according to the level of health spending as a percentage of GDP. It has been established that there is no connection between the share of health expenditures from GDP in countries and average life expectancy in them, which confirms the failure to use this indicator as a criterion for assessing the development of the health system. A cluster analysis of the countries under consideration showed that the effectiveness of the health care system is a complex category, depending not only on the level of state funding, but also on a number of other aspects.
Drug delivery via super-paramagnetic (N2)n[SiO2(OH)2]8 Core-Shell catalyst
Authors: Khosravi Somayeh , Monajjemi Majid , Shamel Ali
Published: July 2020

The MNPs @ [SiO2(OH)2]8 catalyzers were stablished via ab-initio and quantum mechanics & Molecular mechanic (QM/MM) simulation. The studies focus on how to improve the dispersion of composite particle for achieving high magnetic performances. The results revealed that the Fe3O4 @[SiO2 (OH)2]8(N2)8 as a cabalist exhibited better thermodynamic stability and dispersion than the magnetite nanoparticles. Furthermore, the particle size and magnetic properties of the [SiO2 (OH)2]8(N2)8 composite nanoparticles can be controlled by changing the functional groups. The electrical properties such as NMR Shielding, electron densities, energy densities, potential energy densities, ELF, LOL, of electron density, eta index, ECP, ESR and hyperfine interactions for Fe3O4@ [SiO2(OH)2]8(N2)8 have been calculated. As the catalyst could be easily recovered by magnetic separation and recycled for a few times without significant loss of its catalytic activity, we have calculated to obtain the stronger non bonded interaction in the Fe3O4@ [SiO2(OH)2]8(N2)8 system. This system can be used for antibiotics drug delivery instead of injection. The chemical shielding and several factors as the same electronegativity, magnetic anisotropy of π-systems will be changed due to the number of electrons The chemical shielding is a vector orientation function for all of the shielding parameters that can change in several places inside the shielding region.
Realidad virtual en la reducción del dolor y la ansiedad en niños sometidos a venopunción
Authors: Tejada-Muñoz Sonia , Tafur- Santillán Iris Tomasita , Diaz-Manchay Rosa Jeuna , Rodriguez-Cruz Lisseth Dolores , Milla-Pino Manuel Emilio , Huyhua-Gutierrez Sonia Celedonia , Sánchez-Chero Manuel Jesús
Published: July 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue verificar el efecto de la realidad virtual en la reducción de la ansiedad y el dolor en niños de 6 a 10 años sometidos a venopunción en el Departamento de Pediatría del Hospital Regional Virgen de Fátima en Chachapoyas- Perú, 2019. Estudio analítico, prospectivo, cuasi-experimental; la muestra fue de 50 niños distribuidos en un grupo control (25) y un grupo intervenido (25) sometidos a la aplicación de realidad virtual. Los resultados muestran que los videojuegos reducen significativamente el dolor (X2 = 43; p = 0.0000) y la ansiedad (X2 = 38.33; p; = 0.0000) en los niños sometidos a venopunción. Está comprobado que la realidad virtual reduce significativamente la ansiedad y el dolor en los niños sometidos a venopunción, y es una herramienta tecnológica de distracción, económica y fácil de usar para el profesional de la enfermería que puede ser implementada en hospitales de países con alto índice de pobreza.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBELAJARAN FIQIH BERBASIS MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
Authors: Syamsiah Nur
Published: July 2020

Idealnya pembelajaran Agama Islam diberikan dalam pola integrative atau tematik. Karena dengan pola ini, pemahaman anak akan ajaran-ajaran agama Islam akan utuh tidak fragmentatif seperti selama ini. Perlu ada kesadaran bersama untuk melakukan rekonstruksi kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam di lingkungan Madrasah Tsanawiyah dan Aliyah. Efek sederhana dari pola pembelajaran fragmentatif ini adalah tidak adanya kesadaran beragama paripurna karena secara psikis anak sudah mengalami split personalitiy. Terdapat standar ganda dalam pola pikir dan pemahaman anak bahwa tiap nama pelajaran agama Islam adalah terbebas dari yang lainnya. Padahal sama sekali tidak. Namun ini bukan berarti pembelajaran agama Islam di sekolah-sekolah non-madrasah bisa dibenarkan sepenuhnya. Karena meski dengan satu nama, pola pikirnya tetap fragmentatif.

Multiple Intelligences atau Kecerdasan Majemuk (KM) menawarkan kepada kita perspektif baru memandang anak didik sekaligus pada saat yang sama membantu membangunkan “raksasa tidur” otak mereka. Multiple Intelligences atau kecerdasan majemuk telah membuka perspektif baru tentang bentuk kecerdasan. Dengan teori ini kita yakin bahwa semua anak didik kita dilahirkan untuk menjadi juara.

Kata Kunci: Multiple Intelligences
Tohu Wabohu dan Creatio ex Nihilo: Tafsir Kejadian 1:1-2 Sebagai Perspektif Memahami Realitas Anomali
Authors: Kriswanto Agus
Published: July 2020

Some interpreters have argued that the doctrine of creatio ex nihilo cannot be based on the reading of Genesis 1: 1-2. Genesis 1: 1-2 shows that the earth which was in a state of tohu wabohu (chaos) was the initial condition of pre-creation. Chaos was then organized into a new order. This paper argues that Genesis 1: 1-2 can be read, both as creation ex nihilo as well as transformation from chaos into harmony. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive-analytical method. The description of the meaning of Genesis 1: 1-2 is done through syntactic analysis, the literary context of Ancient Near Eastern cosmogony, and the relation of Genesis 1 to the world view of the priesthood. The results of this study indicate that although Genesis 1: 1-2 echoes the expression of ancient chaos, it has been placed as a consequence of God's creative act. The creation ex nihilo of heaven and earth, carries the risk of chaos which is further arranged by God into a good order. In addition, if it is related to the worldview that forms the basis of ritual, Genesis 1: 1-2 not only gives a picture of the origin of the world, but also provides a perspective to understand reality, both harmony and anomalies.
Recommendations on benchmarks for photochemical grid model applications in China: Part I – PM2.5 and chemical species
Authors: Huang Ling , Wang Yangjun , Zhai Hehe , Xue Shuhui , Zhu Tianyi , Shao Yun , Liu Ziyi , Emery Chris , Fu Joshua , Zhang Kun , Yarwood Greg , Li Li
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Photochemical grid models (PGMs) are being applied more frequently to address diverse scientific and regulatory compliance associated with deteriorated air quality in China for the past decade. Solid evaluation of model performances guarantees the robustness and reliability of the baseline modelling results, so subsequent applications are built on top of it; thus, model performance evaluation (MPE) is a critical step of any PGM applications. MPE procedures and associated benchmarks have been proposed for PGM applications in the United States and Europe. However, with numerous input data needed, diverse model configurations, and evolution of the model itself, no two PGM applications are exactly the same. Therefore, those MPE benchmarks proposed based on studies outside China may not be appropriate for evaluation of the increasing number of PGM applications in China. Here we follow an established approach as published in previous literatures, to recommend statistical benchmarks for evaluation of simulated particulate matter (PM) concentrations in China. A total of 128 peer-reviewed articles published between 2006 and mid-2019 that applied one of four most frequently used PGMs in China are compiled to summarize operational model performance results. Quantile distributions of common statistical metrics are presented for total PM2.5 and speciated components. Influences of different model configurations, including modelling regions and seasons, spatial resolution of modelling grids, temporal resolution of MPE, etc., on the range of reported statistics are discussed. Benchmarks for four frequently used evaluation metrics are provided for two tiers – “goals” and “criteria”, where “goals” represent the best model performance that a model is currently expected to achieve and “criteria” represent the model performance that the majority (i.e. two thirds) of studies can meet. Our proposed benchmarks are further compared with those developed for United States and Europe. Additional recommendations for MPE practices are also given. Results from this study shall help the ever-growing modelling community in China to have a better objective assessment of how well their simulation results are compared with previous studies and to better demonstrate the credibility and robustness of their PGM applications prior to subsequent regulatory assessments.
Inverse modelling of carbonyl sulfide: implementation, evaluation and implications for the global budget
Authors: Ma Jin , Kooijmans Linda M. J. , Cho Ara , Montzka Stephen A. , Glatthor Norbert , Worden John R. , Kuai Le , Atlas Elliot L. , Krol Maarten C.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Carbonyl sulfide (COS) has the potential to be used as a climate diagnostic due to its close coupling to the biospheric uptake of CO2 and its role in the formation of stratospheric aerosol. The current understanding of the COS budget, however, lacks COS sources, which have previously been allocated to the tropical ocean. This paper presents a first attempt of global inverse modelling of COS within the 4-Dimensional variational data-assimilation system of the TM5 chemistry transport model (TM5-4DVAR) and a comparison of the results with independent COS observations. We focus on the global COS budget, including COS production from its precursors carbon disulfide (CS2) and dimethyl sulfide (DMS). To this end, we implemented COS uptake by soil and vegetation from an updated biosphere model (SiB4), and new inventories for anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions. The model framework is capable of closing the COS budget by optimizing for missing emissions using NOAA observations in the period 2000–2012. The addition of 432 Gg S a−1 COS is required to obtain a good fit with NOAA observations. This missing source shows little year-to-year variations, but considerable seasonal variations. We found that the missing sources are likely located in the tropical regions, and an overestimated biospheric sink in the tropics cannot be ruled out. Moreover, high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere require extra COS uptake or reduced emissions. HIPPO aircraft observations, NOAA airborne profiles from an ongoing monitoring program, and several satellite data sources are used to evaluate the optimized model results. This evaluation indicates that COS in the free troposphere remains underestimated after optimization. Assimilation of HIPPO observations slightly improves this model bias, which implies that additional observations are urgently required to constrain sources and sinks of COS. We finally find that the biosphere flux dependency on surface COS mixing ratio may substantially lower the fluxes of the SiB4 biosphere model over strong uptake regions. In planned further studies we will implement this biosphere dependency, and additionally assimilate satellite data with the aim to better separate the role of the oceans and the biosphere in the global COS budget.
Hydraulic and geochemical impact of occasional saltwater intrusions through a submarine spring in a karst and thermal aquifer (Balaruc peninsula near Montpellier, France)
Authors: Pétré Marie-Amélie , Ladouche Bernard , Seidel Jean-Luc , Hemelsdaël Romain , de Montety Véronique , Batiot-Guilhe Christelle , Lamotte Claudine
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Submarine springs are a common discharge feature of the karst aquifers along the Mediterranean coast. In some instances, occasional and localized saltwater intrusions can occur through the submarine spring and negatively impact the quality of the groundwater resource. The hydraulic and geochemical behavior of a submarine spring discharging into the Thau lagoon just offshore of the Balaruc peninsula near Montpellier, France has been characterized to determine the impacts of such phenomena to better understand the dynamics of a regional karst aquifer and improve its groundwater management. This work is based on both historical and new hydrogeological and geochemical data, illustrating 6 occasional saltwater intrusion events (from 1967 to 2014) in the Thau lagoon area (southern France). Hydraulic perturbation of the aquifer is propagated instantly within the Balaruc-les-Bains peninsula and reaches a distance of about 5 km upgradient within 9 days. Comparison of hydraulic heads during seawater intrusion events in 2010 and 2014 indicates an aggravation of the phenomenon with an increase in hydraulic head variations. In contrast, isotopic tracers (87Sr/86Sr, D/H, 18O/16O,) and Rare Earth Elements (REE) demonstrate that the geochemical impact of these inversac events is only observed at the local scale, but is still perceptible several years after the event. For example, some of the thermal wells had not recovered their initial geochemical state 20 and 40 months after the last two inversac events (2010 and 2014, respectively), suggesting a geochemical legacy of this phenomenon within the complex karst system. By contrast, an adjacent deep karst compartment located south of the study area is not affected by the saltwater intrusion and is characterized by distinctly different hydrodynamic behavior. Overall, this work on occasional and localized saltwater intrusions constitutes a key step in understanding the dynamics of this complex karstic and thermal aquifer and will support the management of the groundwater resource.
Desafios na preservação do patrimônio radiofônico no Brasil
Authors: Kischinhevsky Marcelo , Benzecry Lena
Published: July 2020

Este artigo se dedica à discussão sobre patrimônio radiofônico no Brasil, expondo a inexistência de políticas públicas de preservação e acesso a arquivos sonoros de emissoras de rádio. Metodologicamente, o artigo parte de revisão bibliográfica e da realização de entrevista semiestruturada com gestores do Museu da Imagem e do Som do Rio de Janeiro (MIS-RJ), referência na conservação de acervos audiovisuais no país. De um lado, o artigo aborda as perdas culturais decorrentes da ausência de uma política de preservação radiofônica, ou mesmo sonora. De outro, apresenta uma instituição que consegue vencer as dificuldades burocráticas e financeiras e assegurar iniciativas de registro e difusão de acervo sonoro cruciais para uma historiografia da cultura sonora do país. No percurso, são elencadas possíveis ações no sentido de assegurar a preservação do acervo radiofônico, tais como a criação de condições para o registro do fluxo de programação das emissoras, a busca de parâmetros consensuais para digitalização, tratamento, conservação e armazenamento de áudio e o investimento na produção de podcasts que explorem o patrimônio gerado diuturnamente pelas emissoras de rádio.
Innovación radiofónica y servicio público. La rentabilización de la producción sonora ibérica como modelo de negocio en el contexto digital
Authors: Rodríguez Pallares Miriam
Published: July 2020

La explotación del archivo mediático, como repositorio de la producción y reflejo de la expertise del medio, se presenta como posibilitador para la innovación de la oferta mediática y la rentabilización de recursos propios bajo la premisa del periodismo como servicio (JAAS o journalism as a service). Esta investigación analiza las iniciativas de explotación del archivo en el contexto digital que están desarrollando las radios generalistas públicas en España y Portugal, entendidas como ejemplos de experimentación susceptible de ser rentabilizada también por el sector privado. En ambos casos, se explota el archivo en la oferta programática y digital, pero RTP va un paso más allá creando colecciones temáticas al servicio del ciudadano a partir de fondos corporativos, que ejemplifican la innovación a partir de la historia.