bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estonian and Finnish teachers’ experiences of textile craft purposes in basic education
Authors: Veeber Eva , Syrjäläinen Erja , Kokko Sirpa
Published: September 2023

This study investigates the purpose of craft education and how this purpose manifests according to Estonian and Finnish textile craft teachers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight teachers. The interview transcriptions were analysed using a qualitative content analysis method, re­sult­ing in seven main categories that revealed how the purpose of learning crafts manifests in com­pul­sory basic education. According to the teachers, besides enhancing learning practical skills and how to use hands more skilfully, consistent craft making also enhances students’ versatile thinking; generates hol­istic practices; nurtures confidence, perseverance and sense of responsibility; shapes mature ways of expressing feelings; develops personal authenticity; and promotes social connectedness.
Analysis of cerebral Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha patterns following different ventilation strategies during cardiac arrest in pigs
Authors: Renz Miriam , Müller Lea , Herbst Manuel , Riedel Julian , Mohnke Katja , Ziebart Alexander , Ruemmler Robert
Published: September 2023

Hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation after cardiac arrest has been shown to be mitigated by different ventilation methods. In this prospective randomized animal trial, 35 landrace pigs were randomly divided into four groups: intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), synchronized ventilation 20 mbar (SV 20 mbar), chest compression synchronized ventilation 40 mbar (CCSV 40 mbar) and a control group (Sham). After inducing ventricular fibrillation, basic life support (BLS) and advanced life support (ALS) were performed, followed by post-resuscitation monitoring. After 6 hours, the animals were euthanized, and direct postmortem brain tissue samples were taken from the hippocampus (HC) and cortex (Cor) for molecular biological investigation of cytokine mRNA levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). The data analysis showed that CCSV 40 mbar displayed low TNFα mRNA-levels, especially in the HC, while the highest TNFα mRNA-levels were detected in SV 20 mbar. The results indicate that chest compression synchronized ventilation may have a potential positive impact on the cytokine expression levels post-resuscitation. Further studies are needed to derive potential therapeutic algorithms from these findings.
Ficciones migrantes y narrativas orales de mujeres afrodescendientes en el Chile reciente : de la representación subalterna a la autorrepresentación contrahegemónica
Authors:   , Barbosa Iris de Fátima Lima
Published: September 2023

El objetivo de mi investigación es analizar críticamente las voces de mujeres afrodescendientes residentes en Santiago de Chile, como resultado del actual flujo migratorio proveniente de Haití, Colombia y República Dominicana, principalmente. A través del registro de las narrativas orales, se busca comprender un discurso que, según mi hipótesis, resiste a las formas estereotipadas del imaginario racista, patriarcal y colonial. Para esta labor, utilizamos las siguientes categorías analíticas: narrativas orales, inmigración, representación, violencia de género, subalternidad y racismo.
Characteristics of intellectual capital for the research process in some university centers of the colombian Caribbean
Authors: Morales Jose Del Carmen Jaimes , Sierra Carlos Alberto Severiche , Blanquicett Giovanna Elvira Angulo , Tovar Carlos Ramon Vidal , Rojas Delvis Munoz
Published: September 2023

The characteristics of the intellectual capital model for the research process in Higher Education institutions of the City of Cartagena are described. Research with a quantitative, positivist, analytical approach, field designs, in a non-experimental, transversal or transactional way, descriptive type. The study population group is made up of vice-rectories of the research area, coordination's, headquarters or leaders of the research area, who are in charge of the management and viability of the research processes in 7 universities of Cartagena de Indias, survey, an instrument was used with alternatives of closed Likert-type answers, the Statistics of the data was Descriptive systematized in Microsoft Excel, SPSS and R.3.2.3. In general, the researchers of the different institutions state that they totally disagree with the fact that the intellectual capital of their institutions presents these characteristics. In general, HEIs do not comply with being an open and flexible model, but it is required to be more systematic, adaptive, dynamic and innovative.
Os 4 P’s do marketing: uma análise em uma empresa familiar do ramo de serviços do norte do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Nogueira Carolina de Mattos , Camfield Claudio Eduardo Ramos , Weber Camila , De Meira Tales Dias
Published: September 2023

A satisfação do cliente destaca-se como ferramenta fundamental e indispensável para o sucesso dos negócios e o bom relacionamento entre empresa e consumidor. Diante disso, este estudo tem como finalidade verificar o grau de satisfação e de importância dos clientes, relacionado às práticas do Mix de Marketing de uma empresa do ramo de serviços no norte do RS. O presente trabalho caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa aplicada de caráter exploratório-descritivo e abordagem quali-quantitativa. Sendo assim, utilizou-se de técnica de coleta de dados a entrevista não estruturada com os proprietários a fim de obter informações que auxiliassem no diagnóstico da organização e com os clientes a pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio do uso da técnica de questionário utilizando-se uma escala do tipo Likert. A amostragem utilizada foi não-probabilística por conveniência composta por 100 respondentes no período de 15 de setembro a 14 de outubro de 2011. Os resultados apontaram que a empresa possui um conceito de satisfação excelente em quase todas as ferramentas do composto de marketing propostas, devendo apenas modificar alguns itens, tais como, maior divulgação dos seus foto-produtos, adaptação dos meios de comunicação com os clientes buscando a qualidade total de seus produtos e serviços entre outros.
Aggressive Pilomatrixoma of the Scalp in a Geriatric Patient: A Rare Occurrence
Authors: Patkar Rakesh Rajiv , Jain Vicky , Mishra Shilpa
Published: September 2023

Pilomatrixoma is a benign cutaneous adnexal neoplasm that arises from the hair matrix. This lesion is typically observed in the first two decades of life, with most cases occurring before the age of 20. However, it is rare in the elderly. While aggressive and malignant variants of pilomatrixoma exist, they are rarely reported compared to their benign counterparts. In this case, we present an instance of aggressive pilomatrixoma in a 90-year-old female. The patient exhibited a large ulceroproliferative growth on the scalp. A preliminary biopsy was performed, followed by wide local excision. Both the biopsy and excision specimens exhibited characteristics of pilomatrixoma, with a focal infiltrative growth pattern and moderate nuclear atypia. Features indicative of malignancy, such as geographic necrosis, brisk mitosis, atypical mitosis, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion, were not observed. Therefore, the diagnosis of aggressive pilomatrixoma was made. Wide local excision and subsequent skin grafting were conducted, with no involvement of deeper subcutaneous tissue and intact pericranium. The patient is currently faring well during follow-up. This case underscores the importance of meticulous histopathological examination for distinguishing aggressive variants, as they carry a higher risk of recurrence and aid in distinguishing aggressive pilomatrixoma from carcinoma. Failure to recognise the aggressive variant may result in inadequate management.
ÇAĞDAŞ ÇOCUK ŞİİRİNDE DEĞERLERİN KEŞFİ
Authors: DEMİRYÜREK Gökçe
Published: September 2023

Değerler eğitiminin giderek önem kazanmasıyla beraber, değerlerin nasıl aktarılacağı sorusu da öne çıkmaktadır. Değer aktarımında edebî eserlerden yararlanmak, sıklıkla başvurulan bir yoldur. Bu değer aktarımı ya da değer kazanımı sürecinde kurgusal metinler ön plana çıksa da şiirler, edebî eserler içerisinde doğası gereği değerlere daha yakındır. Değerler ve şiirler, örtük anlam içermesi, iletiyi sezdirerek vermesi ve duygulara hitap etmesi noktalarında örtüşürler. Değerler eğitiminin hedef kitlesi olan çocuklara yönelik şiirlerde değerlerin nasıl yer aldığını bilmek önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da çağdaş çocuk şiirinde işlenen değerleri ve bu değerlerin dağılımda yıllar içerisinde meydana gelen değişimleri ortaya koymaktır. Bu nedenle 1980 sonrası kaleme alınan çocuk şiirleri değerler bağlamında incelenmiştir. Çalışmada doküman incelemesiyle elde edilen veriler içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda şiirlerde bireysel değerlerin kullanımının giderek arttığı, en çok işlenen değerin sevgi, en az ele alınan değerin ise bilimsellik olduğu, şiirlerde değerlerin örtük olarak verildiği görülmüştür.
Necessities of Social Vulnerability and Gender-related Development Policies in Post COVID-19 India: A Theoretical Study of Purulia District, West Bengal
Authors: Chatterjee Babita , Malakar Kousik Das
Published: September 2023

In India, the poorest of the poor are mostly found in rural areas. They were made up of marginal households, landless wage laborers, and the most vulnerable residents of the settlements. Poverty, inequality, illiteracy, women empowerment, and equity are major social issues in my interest area. At many times of the year, public utilities were the least accessible. In the current crisis globe, issues such as livelihood crises, fairness, food security, malnutrition, and the right to life are being debated. This study area, with a maximum of STs, populated the land area of WB, specifically Purulia, a section of the Chotanagpur Plateau. The topography of the whole district is rough, Basaltic, undulating, and dry. Employment opportunity in cultivation is shrinking seasonally, even day by day. It lost the attractiveness of ‘Bhumiputra’. Because excessive land dependency is one of the prevalent causes of poverty. The primary focus was how a lack of extension facilities forced them to find alternative occupations. While feminization of agriculture is a recent trend for sustenance. To enquire about the role of existing policies and administration in coping with current challenges. Excessive pressure on land, plot partition, tiny patch, crop failure, and market failure caused the male in towns to escape. The gradual male emigration leads to the feminization of agriculture. I followed some reports, gazetteers, and articles intensively to study both the economic and social consequences of COVID-19 on this most underprivileged pocket of rural WB. Women played a vital role in this famine phase of societal development. Gender-related development for the up-gradation of post-COVID rural India is strategically badly needed.
The Role of Insects in Ecosystems, an in-depth Review of Entomological Research
Authors: Verma Rajesh Chandra , Waseem Mohammed Abdul , Sharma Neha , Bharathi K. , Singh Sarvendra , Anto Rashwin A.  , Pandey Shivam Kumar , Singh Bal Veer
Published: September 2023

Insects, integral to Earth's ecosystems, play multifaceted roles that underpin environmental balance and human survival. Spanning roles from pollination to decomposition, these organisms also intersect with socio-economic, cultural, and public health sectors. This review delves into the diverse spheres of insect interactions within ecosystems, from their evolutionary histories to their roles as both predators and prey. The paper sheds light on the intricate predator-prey dynamics, emphasizing insects' roles in pest control and as pivotal food sources for various taxa. The significance of insects in soil ecosystems is elaborated upon, highlighting their contribution to soil health, nutrient cycling, and plant growth. With the looming threats of climate change, habitat destruction, and pollution, insects face unprecedented challenges, which in turn can have cascading effects on ecosystems. In the realm of public health, the review underscores the role of insects as disease vectors, necessitating a balanced approach to ecosystem health and disease management. As vectors, they also catalyze the spread of diseases, creating an intricate balance between maintaining biodiversity and safeguarding human health. The review also touches upon the cultural and economic contributions of insects, from traditional medicine to their utilization in contemporary diets, demonstrating their deep-rooted ties with human societies. With burgeoning technological advancements, the research landscape in entomology is undergoing a seismic shift. Embracing tools such as molecular studies, drones, and AI, the field is poised for groundbreaking insights. As the review suggests, the path forward demands an interdisciplinary approach, amalgamating knowledge from varied scientific domains to grasp the complexities of insect behaviors and interactions fully. In conclusion, insects, though diminutive in size, cast a vast shadow on our planet's functioning. Understanding their roles, challenges, and potential can pave the way for sustainable futures, balancing ecological health with human progress.
Constraints Perceived by the Farmers Regarding Opportunity and Challenges of Climate Smart Agriculture in Central Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Rohit  , Singh Harish Chandra , Verma Atul Kumar , Patel Rajeev Ranjan , Akash  , Prajapati Chandra Shekhar
Published: September 2023

This research article discussed about the constraints faced by farmers in the adoption of climate smart agriculture in the Central Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is basically a management strategy for agriculture in the face of climate change. Farmers face obstacles to adopting diverse Climate Smart Agriculture practices. Farmers face many barriers when it comes to adopting new or unfamiliar practices, such as Climate Smart Agriculture. These include lack of awareness, high cost of machines and input, and insufficient knowledge and guidance. Garrett's ranking technique is used to determine the most important factor influencing the response. The major constraints faced by the farmers in their knowledge and adoption of Climate Smart Agriculture were ‘lack of awareness', 'uncertain returns', 'limited extension activities’ common problems in the study area having the Garrett rank of first (Average Value 114.95), second (Average Value 113.26) and third (Average Value 101.22) respectively, and so forth the other constraints too. The study sought to identify the barriers to Climate Smart Agriculture adoption as well as potential solutions.
Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Soft-Rot-Causing Isolates from Cassava, Homa-Bay County, Kenya
Authors: Otieno D.  , Muraya M. M.  , Mungiria J. N.
Published: September 2023

Cassava bacterial soft rot is of great importance to economically valuable crop varieties. Commonly, bacterial soft rot strains cause destructive vegetable and potato diseases worldwide. The strain act similar to other species of the family Enterobacteriaceae that cause soft rot in plants. However, the disease has spread in a wide range of environment with its prevalence and causative strains less known to most agroecological zones of Kenya. Generally, aim of this study was to isolate, characterize and identify bacterial soft rot causative strains in cassava, Homa-Bay County. At the Sub County level, 104 farms were identified through a simple random method and symptomatic cassava plants sampled along laid transect in each farm. Rotten cassava tubers were then randomly sampled, packed and taken to the laboratory for pathogen identification. The bacterial strains were isolated in Nutrient Agar at 37˚c for 24 hours to obtain pure cultures. Identification was done using morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA analysis method. The study identified: two Pectobacterium carotovorum, three Bacillus species: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus tropicus, and three Achromobacter species: Achromobacter marplatensis, Verticiella sediminum, and Achromobacter xylosoxidans, pathogenic strains causing cassava bacterial soft rot. In this study, characterization and identification of cassava bacterial soft rot in Homa Bay County was done for the first time. The results can not only be used in the characterization enzymes produced by cassava bacterial soft rot strains but also in the development of effective control strategy.
Social Media Advertisements and Purchase Intention: Attitude as a Mediator
Authors: Balroo Shuaib Ahmed
Published: September 2023

Advertisement expenditures incurred by companies for advertising on social media is seen to be growing rapidly worldwide. Especially, In the middle eastern region where Saudi Arabia is seen witnessing rapid growth in social media users and increased advertising on social media every year. However, despite of growing importance of social media advertising almost negligible studies are seen in the literature dedicated for examining effectiveness of social media advertisements in Saudi Arabian context. This study deeply examines the effectiveness of social media advertisements in terms of its perceived usefulness, entertainment and irritation on purchase intention. The sample of this study comprised of 345 active social media users residing in Saudi Arabia. The results of this study reported significant positive relationship of perceived usefulness of ads and ad entertainment and significant negative relationship of ad irritation with purchase intention. Full mediation of attitude towards social media ads is reported in relationships of perceived usefulness of ads, ad entertainment and ad irritation with purchase intention. Limitations and future research directions are also further discussed in this study.
Effect of Vitamin E on Serum MDA and Antioxidant Enzymes in Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Rats
Authors: Usman Bello , Sajo Mohammed Usman , Adam Musa Kalim , Mshelia Peter Anjili , Bulama Ibrahim , Sanda Kyari Abba
Published: September 2023

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents one of the major causes of mortality and disability in the world. This study was designed to investigate the role of antioxidants in the treatment of induced TBI in albino rats.

Methodology: Adult albino rats were induced with TBI by the weight-drop method. Rats were grouped into three groups of eight rats each. Group I served as a traumatized-treated group (TT), Group II served as a non-traumatized, non-treated group (TNT), and group III served as normal control group. The treatment group received 67.5 mg/kg of vitamin E (VE). Treatment started 30 minutes after the trauma and continued for 21 days. The antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum tissue were assayed to evaluate oxidative stress (OS).  

Results: The treated group showed a significant (p< 0.05) increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT GPx) and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the concentration of MDA compared to the TNT group.

Conclusion: Conclusively, these promising results suggest that the use of antioxidant VE may be a useful neuroprotective strategy in the treatment of TBI.
Perfil sociodemográfico dos pacientes internados por COVID-19 no Hospital Regional de Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Filho Francisco José , Rocha Francisco Filipy Fernandes , Torres Lucas Cruz , Queiroz Edvanina de Sousa Costa
Published: September 2023

Introdução: o perfil sociodemográfico tem valor prognóstico na doença do coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19). Objetivo: conhecer o perfil sociodemográfico de pacientes internados durante o auge da pandemia de COVID-19. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado no Hospital Regional de Cajazeiras (HRC) durante o período de 1º de março de 2020 a 31 de maio de 2021, por meio de prontuários. O teste usado foi qui-quadrado, todo o procedimento foi feito pelo software SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) versão 25. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, de acordo com os dados de internação. Resultados: a maioria dos pacientes internados eram do sexo masculino, pardos, idosos e sem ensino médio completo. A idade e a escolaridade diferiram de forma significativa entre os dois grupos. Uma parcela da população (35,7%) não teve a sua escolaridade identificada. Conclusão: portanto, com este estudo foi possível identificar o sexo masculino, a cor/raça parda, a idade mais avançada e a baixa escolaridade como as características mais frequentes entre os internados. Isso pode ajudar na implementação de política de saúde mais efetivas.
Análise da cobertura vacinal por BCG nos 20 municípios mais populosos da Bahia
Authors: Santos Jéssica Ellen Silva e , Braga Isaque Oliveira , Palácio Maria Augusta Vasconcelos , Correia Maria Luisa de Carvalho , Monteiro Vicente da Silva , Takenami Iukary Oliveira
Published: September 2023

Introdução: Tuberculose (TB), doença crônica infectocontagiosa causada por Mycobacterium tuberculosis, é considerada um grave problema de saúde pública. Em 2021, estima-se que a TB foi responsável por, aproximadamente, 1,6 milhões de óbitos no mundo. Diante desse cenário, percebe-se a importância das medidas de prevenção e controle da doença, como a vacinação com o bacilo de Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Objetivo: avaliar a cobertura vacinal (CV) do BCG e analisar as taxas de incidência e mortalidade decorrentes da TB em menores de 1 ano de idade. Metodologia: o estudo possui caráter descritivo ecológico-espacial, em que foram analisadas as taxas de CV nos 20 municípios mais populosos da Bahia, no período de 2011 a 2021. Resultados: observou-se uma CV média de 103% ± 18,5%. No entanto, nove (45%) municípios apresentaram tendência decrescente na CV, especialmente em Feira de Santana (P<0,0001). A partir de 2015, observa-se uma queda considerável das CV e da homogeneidade entre os municípios, acentuando-se após 2019. Em relação à incidência, o município com maior número de casos de TB foi Candeias, com 85 casos por 100.000 habitantesem menores de um ano de idade. Por fim, apenas três municípios relataram a presença de óbitos por TB extrapulmonar, sendo a maior taxa registrada em Ilhéus com 2,7%. Conclusão: o estudo evidencia uma importante redução e heterogeneidade nas CV dos municípios analisados, e fomenta a importância de ações mais efetivas de vacinação e controle da TB baseadas nas necessidades locais de cada município.
Satisfaction and quality of life of nurses satisfaction and quality of life of nurses in a public hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cardoso Cristiano Ticiani Feltrin Torneaux , Albuquerque Ingrid de Campos , Aliança Amanda Silva dos Santos , Firmo Wellyson da Cunha Araújo , Silva Ilana Mirian Almeida Felipe da , Rêgo Adriana Sousa
Published: September 2023

Objective: To evaluate the satisfaction and quality of life (QL) of nurses working in a public hospital. Method: This is a cross-sectional study developed during COVID-19 with nurses who had 6 months of work, between October 2020 and February 2021, at a State Oncological Reference Hospital in São Luís-MA. A questionnaire was applied on sociodemographic characteristics and the WHOQOL-bref and Employee Satisfaction Index (ESI) instruments. A normality test was performed followed by the Spearman correlation coefficient with a significance level of 5%. Results: 71 nurses participated in the survey and the average QL scores in all domains are regular (3.64) and employee satisfaction, in all domains, is low (2.50). A weak positive correlation was observed in all domains of the WHOQOL-bref and in the autonomy of the ESI (physical - r=0.482; psychological - r=0.285; social - r=0.318; and environment - r=0.251), while weak negative correlation was observed between the professional status and the psychological (r=-0.312) and the social (r=-0.374) domain and work and environment requirements (r=-0.295). Conclusion and implications for practice: The nurses showed regular and low QL, satisfied and knowing the reasons helps managers to propose interventions to reduce the QL benefit and to improve the care provided.
Briologia aplicada: estudo antibacteriano de musgos (Bryophyta) sob a ótica da cienciometria
Authors: Klegin Christchellyn , Bordin Juçara , Ethur Eduardo Miranda , Brugnera Allana Silva
Published: September 2023

Introdução: pesquisas recentes mostram que musgos contêm substâncias com atividade biológica evidenciando um nicho a ser explorado. Objetivo: avaliar a produção científica globalem relação à atividade antibacteriana de musgos, no período de 1992 a 2022.Metodologia: análise bibliométrica quali-quantitativa dos artigos recuperados da base Web of Scienceutilizando osoftwareExcel 2018 e VOSviewer, respectivamente.Resultados: 92 artigos foram recuperados e demostram uma tendência crescente de publicações ao longo dos anos, com uma maior concentração nos últimos 3 anos. Turquia, Sérvia, e Índia, tiveram o maior número de publicações e citações. Sérvia e Índia têm sido parceiros frequentes em colaborações internacionais com co-autorias juntamente com Dinamarca e Vietnã, respectivamente. Natural Product Communicationse Fitoterapiaforam as revistas mais utilizadas para tonar público os resultados. A análise de palavras-chave sugeriu que as pesquisas concentram-se em estudos sobre atividades biológicas e químicas envolvendo principalmente hepáticas, sendo as do gênero Marchantia spp. e Plagiochasmaspp. as mais utilizadas. Pottiaceae e Sphagnaceae foram as famílias de musgos com mais espécies estudas. A espécie Hypnum cupressiformeHedw. é a que obteve um maior número de publicações, 8 no total. As 104 espécies que apareceram nos artigos recuperados não se encontram ameaçadas de extinção no Brasil e no mundo e 17 delas possuem registro de ocorrência no Brasil. Conclusão: a atividade antibacteriana em musgos representa uma parcela pequena das pesquisas na área, apesar do seu potencial uso como antibacteriano, o que enaltece e evidencia a necessidade de estudos que abordem esse tema.
REVISTA DE CIÊNCIAS MÉDICAS E BIOLÓGICAS – 21 ANOS
Authors: Araújo Roberto Paulo Correia de
Published: September 2023

A Revista de Ciências Médica e Biológicas, ISSN on line 2236-5222 e impresso 1677-5090, tem oobjetivo maior de divulgar o conhecimento científico e tecnológico das áreas médica, biológica, bioética e deeducação em saúde, através de artigos originais, de revisão, brief reports, casos clínicos, conferências, resenhas,e anais de eventos científicos resultantes da produção científica da autoria de pesquisadores brasileiros eestrangeiros.
Unsolicited Patient Complaints Following the 21st Century Cures Act Information-Blocking Rule
Authors: Dambrino Robert J. , Domenico Henry J. , Graves John A. , Buntin Melinda J. B. , Martinez William , Rosenbloom S. Trent , Cooper William O.
Published: September 2023

Importance

The 21st Century Cures Act includes an information-blocking rule (IBR) that requires health systems to provide patients with immediate access to their health information in the electronic medical record upon request. Patients accessing their health information before they receive an explanation from their health care team may experience confusion and may be more likely to share unsolicited patient complaints (UPCs) with their health care organization.

Objective

To evaluate the quantity of UPCs about physicians before and after IBR implementation and to identify themes in UPCs that may identify patient confusion, fear, or anger related to the release of information.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study was conducted with an interrupted time-series analysis of UPCs spanning January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2022. The data were obtained from a single academic medical center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, at which the IBR was implemented on January 20, 2021. Data analysis was performed from January 11 to July 15, 2023.

Exposure

Implementation of the IBR on January 20, 2021.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was the monthly rate of UPCs before and after IBR implementation. A qualitative analysis was performed for UPCs received after IBR implementation. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare monthly complaints between the pre- and post-IBR groups. The Pearson χ2 test was used to compare proportions of complaints by UPC category between time periods.

Results

The medical center received 8495 UPCs during the study period: 3022 over 12 months before and 5473 over 18 months after institutional IBR implementation. There was no difference in the monthly proportions of UPCs per 1000 patient encounters before (median, 0.81 [IQR, 0.75-0.88]) and after (median, 0.83 [IQR, 0.77-0.89]) IBR implementation (difference in medians, −0.02 [95% CI, −0.12 to 0.07]; P =.86). Segmented regression analysis revealed no difference in monthly UPCs (β [SE], 0.03 [0.09]; P =.72).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, implementation of the Cures Act IBR was not associated with an increase in monthly rates of UPCs. These findings suggest that review of UPCs identified as IBR-specific complaints may allow clinicians and organizations to prepare patients that their test and procedure results may be available before clinicians are able to review them and respond.
Recent Progress on the 3D Printing of Dynamically Cross‐Linked Polymers
Authors: Jia Yunchao , Xie Haodi , Qian Jingjing , Zhang Yueshuai , Zheng Hongjuan , Wei Fengchun , Li Yilong , Zhao Zhiwei
Published: September 2023

The utilization of dynamic cross‐linking represents a highly promising approach in addressing the escalating issues of plastic pollution and fossil resource consumption. Despite being extensively investigated over the past decade, various dynamically cross‐linked polymers (DCPs) predominantly remain confined to the realm of academic research. To serve as a valuable material for practical application, advanced processing is always essential for all kinds of materials. 3D printing (3DP) enables the creation of intricate shapes layer‐by‐layer without relying on molds, thus the integration of 3DP techniques with DCPs holds significant potential to enhance and expand the practical applicability of DCPs. Here, an overview of the fundamental principles underlying DCPs compatible 3DP techniques are provided, namely photocuring 3DP, extrusion‐based 3DP, and laser sintering‐based 3DP. Additionally, a comprehensive summary of representative research works that specifically focus on the application of DCPs in each respective 3DP technique is presented. The performance and dynamic mechanism involved in the corresponding printing process are thoroughly discussed and comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the existing challenges and issues pertaining to further enhancing 3D printability, performance, efficiency, etc., are extensively deliberated upon, while proposing potential directions to address these concerns.
Highly‐Doped Lanthanide‐Based Nanocrystals with Cooperative Core‐Shell Upconversion Emission for Multicomponent One‐Pot Chemical Transformations
Authors: Wu Xiangyang , Yeow Edwin K. L.
Published: September 2023

In order to apply near infrared (NIR) light‐activated upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) in photochemistry, extremely bright luminescence is needed to excite the ultraviolet (UV)‐visible light absorbing photocatalyst/substrate. In this study, a multilayered UCNC consisting of a β‐NaYF4:Yb0.2, Tm0.005 core, heavily Yb3+‐doped β‐NaYbF4:Y0.09, Tm0.01 intermediate shell, and inert β‐NaYF4 outer shell is prepared. By compartmentalizing the sensitizer (Yb3+)‐activator (Tm3+) pair in the core and intermediate shell with different concentration ratios, a cooperative luminescence effect is discovered. Apart from core emission, energy harvesting followed by sequential energy transfer from a high density of neighboring Yb3+ to Tm3+ in the intermediate shell induces a large population of excited emitter ions. Furthermore, after back energy transfer from the core to intermediate shell, the energy is not quenched by intrinsic trap sites but is instead transferred to Tm3+, further boosting emission in the UV, blue, and NIR regions. The exceptionally bright UCNC is then used to drive NIR‐light‐activated one‐pot multicomponent reactions involving the upconversion energy transfer from UCNC to UV‐visible light absorbing photocatalyst/substrate, Lewis acid catalytic activity of the lanthanide ions (Y3+) on the surface, and photothermal property of the UCNC. The reactions studied include the deacetalization‐Knoevenagel condensation reaction, photooxidation‐cyanation reaction, and hydrodehalogenation‐cyanosilylation reaction.
Novel choledochojejunostomy technique “T‐shaped anastomosis” for preventing the development of postoperative cholangitis in pancreatoduodenectomy: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Kimura Nana , Igarashi Takamichi , Murotani Kenta , Itoh Ayaka , Watanabe Toru , Hirano Katsuhisa , Tanaka Haruyoshi , Shibuya Kazuto , Yoshioka Isaku , Fujii Tsutomu
Published: September 2023

Background

There have been few studies of countermeasures against postoperative cholangitis, a serious complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) that impairs quality of life.

Objective

To evaluate our recently developed, novel method of choledochojejunostomy with a larger anastomotic diameter, the “T‐shaped anastomosis.”

Methods

The study included 261 cases of PD. The T‐shaped choledochojejunostomy technique was performed with an additional incision for a distance greater than half the diameter of the bile duct at the anterior wall of the bile duct and the anterior wall of the elevated jejunum. To compensate for potential confounding biases between the standard anastomosis group (n = 206) and the T‐shaped anastomosis group (n = 55), we performed propensity score matching (PSM). The primary endpoint was the incidence of medium‐term postoperative cholangitis adjusted for PSM.

Results

In the PSM analysis, 54 patients in each group were matched, and the median bile duct diameter measured by preoperative CT was 8.8 mm versus 9.3 mm, the rate of preoperative biliary drainage was 31% versus 37%, the incidence of cholangitis within 1 month before surgery was 9% versus 13%, and the incidence of postoperative bile leakage was 2% versus 2%, with no significant differences. The incidence of medium‐term postoperative cholangitis was 15% versus 4%, and multivariate logistic regression revealed that T‐shaped choledochojejunostomy was an independent predictor of a reduced incidence of cholangitis (odds ratio, 0.17, 95% CI 0.02–0.81; p = 0.024).

Conclusions

The T‐shaped choledochojejunostomy technique was shown to be effective with a significant reduction in the incidence of medium‐term postoperative cholangitis. Clinical trial identification: UMIN000050990.
Spin‐Distribution‐Directed Regioselective Substitution Strategy for Highly Stable Olympicenyl Radicals
Authors: Wang Peng , Xiang Qin , Tian Miaoyue , Tao Sheng , Xu Zhuofan , Guo Yupeng , Hu Wenping , Sun Zhe
Published: September 2023

The synthesis of bench‐stable conjugated π‐radicals is challenging owing to the lack of modular approaches, which greatly hampers their practical material screens and applications. Here, we demonstrate a spin‐distribution‐directed regioselective substitution strategy to introduce substituents into the specific positions of an olympicenyl radical in a stepwise manner, resulting in a series of highly stable radical species. The substituents can also adjust the crystal packing by means of steric and electronic factors, enabling the changing from a π‐dimer to a pseudo‐one‐dimensional chain. The first single crystal organic field‐effect transistor device based on a graphenic radical is fabricated in air, showing a hole mobility of up to 0.021 cm2 V−1 s−1 and excellent device stability. This approach may be generalized to diverse spin‐delocalized open‐shell organic radicals.
Bioprocess development for cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells on microcarriers in Vertical‐Wheel bioreactors
Authors: Roberts Erin L. , Lepage Sarah I. M. , Koch Thomas G. , Kallos Michael S.
Published: September 2023

Equine mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been found to be beneficial for the treatment of many ailments, including orthopedic injuries, due to their superior differentiation potential and immunomodulating properties. Cell therapies require large cell numbers, which are not efficiently generated using conventional static expansion methods. Expansion of equine cord blood‐derived MSCs (eCB‐MSCs) in bioreactors, using microcarriers as an attachment surface, has the potential to generate large numbers of cells with increased reproducibility and homogeneity compared with static T‐flask expansion. This study investigated the development of an expansion process using Vertical‐Wheel (VW) bioreactors, a single‐use bioreactor technology that incorporates a wheel instead of an impeller. Initially, microcarriers were screened at small scale to assess eCB‐MSC attachment and growth and then in bioreactors to assess cell expansion and harvesting. The effect of different donors, serial passaging, and batch versus fed batch were all examined in 0.1 L VW bioreactors. The use of VW bioreactors with an appropriate microcarrier was shown to be able to produce cell densities of up to 1E6 cells/mL, while maintaining cell phenotype and functionality, thus demonstrating great potential for the use of these bioreactors to produce large cell numbers for cell therapies.
Using IA to Increase User Awareness
Authors: Creekmore Laura
Published: September 2023

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

Skewed information content delivered in search results, unwelcome emails, “news” stories or as advertising are telltale signs of an invisible filter bubble that distills the information we receive. Users are often unaware of how information is screened and beyond our control. Yet information architects have considerable influence in shaping content delivery as they design information environments. IAs can enhance user satisfaction by removing imposed limits, creating a setting that empowers users to understand and control the information environment and enabling them to exert their own perspective and agency. Design efforts in information architecture should liberate content for the user, leading to delight in mind‐broadening discoveries.
Social Math: A Method to Make Complex Data Meaningful
Authors: Yocco Victor , Pulli Ashley
Published: September 2023

EDITOR'S SUMMARY

Social math presents numerical data as a compelling story about a social issue to inspire an active audience response. The approach simplifies complex statistics by reframing them within more familiar contexts. Visual images reinforce the comparison and message, surpassing simple data presentation to offer a meaningful and informative story. Organizations seeking to stimulate response to social problems by citing powerful statistics often turn to social math. The impact of social math is strengthened by reference to numbers that are familiar, understandable and small and by alluding to dramatic events. Examples illustrate social math being used effectively and ways to improve the presentations. Key guidelines for social math include clearly defining the issue and specific focus, using reliable data, customizing the comparison to the audience, having a clear visualization and a strong call to action.
Nudges for responsible finance? A survey of interventions targeted at financial decision making
Authors: Gajewski Jean‐Francois , Heimann Marco , Meunier Luc , Ohadi Sima
Published: September 2023

In a comprehensive review, we investigate how nudges can help financial decisionmakers allocate funds according to ethical considerations to promote sustainable development. We begin by identifying the main nudge frameworks and highlighting their many similarities, including the use of default options, making information more salient, and manipulating the framing of incentives. While nudges have been used in personal finance primarily to promote saving for retirement or avoiding credit card debt, they can also encourage socially responsible investment (SRI). We propose potential nudges in SRI and provide a primer on nudge implementation by reviewing methods for selecting effective nudges and ensuring their ethical acceptability.
Oxidative Depolymerization of Polyphenylene Oxide into Benzoquinone
Authors: Shimoyama Yoshihiro , Nakajima Yumiko
Published: September 2023

Poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (PPO) is one of the most important engineering plastics commonly utilized in various fields. Herein, chemical recycling of PPO was performed via oxidative depolymerization to form 2,6‐diemthyl‐p‐benzoquionone (26DMBQ) as a sole aromatic product in 66 % yield using nitronium ions (NO2+) as a mild oxidant. Mechanistic studies revealed that PPO is oxidized by NO2+ generated from the combination of a silicotungstic acid and nitrate salts, and then subsequently attacked by H2O to achieve C−O bond cleavage, resulting in the formation of 26DMBQ, which was sublimed at the headspace of the reaction vessel in pure form. 26DMBQ was applied to polymerization with dianilines to form polyimides. Thus, an upgrade recycling process of PPO was demonstrated.
Plasma tumour necrosis factor‐alpha‐related proteins in prognosis of heart failure with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Engel Sällberg Adam , Helleberg Sara , Ahmed Salaheldin , Ahmed Abdulla , Rådegran Göran
Published: September 2023

Aims

Patients with heart failure (HF) exhibit poor prognosis, which is further deteriorated by pulmonary hypertension (PH), with negative impact on morbidity and mortality. As PH due to left HF (LHF‐PH) is among the most common causes of PH, there is an urge according to the 2021 European Society of Cardiology HF guidelines to find new biomarkers that aid in prognostication of this patient cohort. Given the role of tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) in HF progression, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of plasma proteins related to TNF‐α in patients with LHF‐PH, in relation to haemodynamic changes following heart transplantation (HT).

Methods and results

Twenty TNF‐α‐related plasma proteins were analysed using proximity extension assay in healthy controls (n = 20) and patients with LHF‐PH (n = 67), before and 1 year after HT (n = 19). Plasma levels were compared between the groups, and the prognostic values were determined using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. Plasma levels of lymphotoxin‐beta receptor (LTBR), TNF receptor superfamily member 6B (TNFRSF6B), and TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand receptors 1 and 2 (TRAIL‐R1 and TRAIL‐R2, respectively) were higher in LHF‐PH pre‐HT vs. controls (P < 0.0001), as well as higher in pre‐HT vs. post‐HT (P < 0.001). The elevated pre‐HT levels of LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL‐R1, and TRAIL‐R2 decreased towards the levels of healthy controls after HT. Higher preoperative levels of LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL‐R1, and TRAIL‐R2 in LHF‐PH were associated with worse survival rates (P < 0.002). In multivariate Cox regression models, each adjusted for age and sex, LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL‐R1, and TRAIL‐R2 predicted mortality (P < 0.002) [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.12 (1.04–1.19), 1.01 (1.004–1.02), 1.28 (1.14–1.42), and 1.03 (1.02–1.04), respectively].

Conclusions

Elevated pre‐HT plasma levels of the TNF‐α‐related proteins LTBR, TNFRSF6B, TRAIL‐R1, and TRAIL‐R2 in LHF‐PH decreased 1 year after HT, displaying a normalization pattern towards the levels of the healthy controls. These proteins were also prognostic, where higher levels were associated with worse survival rates in LHF‐PH, providing new insight in their potential role as prognostic biomarkers. Larger studies are warranted to validate our findings and to investigate their possible pathobiological mechanisms in LHF‐PH.
A classification application for using learning methods in bank costumer's portfolio churn
Authors: Simsek Murat , Tas Iclal Cetin
Published: September 2023

To ensure the sustainability of customer‐company loyalty and to control the financial flow of the company, studies involving customer loss or gain are carried out. When the studies are examined, it is seen that many methods are used for this purpose. Traditional machine learning methods are widely used in loss analysis due to their ability to process large amounts of customer data. In this study, the classification of the customer group in the banking sector has been made. In the context of the banking sector, this study delved into the classification of customer groups, utilizing a dataset and various machine learning models. Since the imbalance in the data set negatively affects the success parameters, the imbalance of the data is also discussed in this study. Within the scope of the study, the results obtained from the models analyzed by applying them to the dataset were evaluated by using F1‐score, precision, recall, and model accuracy comparison tools. When the results are compared, it is seen that the proposed random oversampling (ROS)‐voting (random forest [RF]‐gradient boosting machines [GBM])model has a better classification and prediction success than the other applied models and an accuracy rate of 95%.
The bridge to quality financial reporting: Audit committees’ mediating role in IFRS implementation for emerging markets
Authors: Kateb Ines
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the impact of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on financial reporting quality in Saudi Arabia, with a specific focus on the mediating role of effective audit committees (ACs) and the specific characteristics of ACs that have a negative correlation with earnings management (EM) practices. The research collected financial data from 92 listed firms spanning the period from 2012 to 2020 encompassing both the years  before and after the IFRS adoption in 2017. The study used regression and rigorous mediation analysis based on the Baron and Kenny (1986) approach to investigate the relationship between IFRS adoption, ACs, and EM. The findings indicate that IFRS adoption has a negative and significant impact on EM practices. Additionally, the study found that AC expertise is positively influenced by the IFRS adoption, while the AC size has a positive correlation with EM levels. The study further revealed that AC expertise has a negative correlation with EM levels and fully mediates the relationship between IFRS adoption and EM. The research's findings carry significant practical implications for a range of stakeholders. Regulators and policymakers in Saudi Arabia should consider the positive impact of IFRS adoption on financial reporting transparency and accountability when evaluating their regulatory framework. Firms can strengthen their corporate governance practices by focusing on the recruitment and training of AC members with robust financial and accounting backgrounds. This emphasis on AC quality, rather than size, is crucial to mitigating EM practices and enhancing the effectiveness of IFRS implementation. Lastly, investors and analysts can utilize these findings to assess the reliability of financial statements and identify firms with robust governance structures. Furthermore, the study contributes to the discourse on financial reporting and governance dynamics in emerging markets, offering insights for future research and policy discussions.