bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamete dimorphism of the isogamous green alga (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), is regulated by the mating type-determining gene, MID
Authors: Innami Ryoya , Miyamura Shinichi , Okoshi Masako , Nagumo Tamotsu , Ichihara Kensuke , Yamazaki Tomokazu , Kawano Shigeyuki
Published: December 2022

The gametes of chlorophytes differ morphologically even in isogamy and are divided into two types (α and β) based on the mating type- or sex-specific asymmetric positioning of the mating structure (cell fusion apparatus) with respect to the flagellar beat plane and eyespot, irrespective of the difference in gamete size. However, the relationship between this morphological trait and the mating type or sex determination system is unclear. Using mating type-reversed strains of the isogamous alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, produced by deletion or introduction of the mating type-determining gene MID, we revealed that the positioning of the mating structure is associated with conversion of mating types (mt– and mt+), implying that this trait is regulated by MID. Moreover, the dominant mating type is associated with the type β phenotype, as in the chlorophyte species Ulva prolifera. Our findings may provide a genetic basis for mating type- or sex-specific asymmetric positioning of the chlorophyte mating structure.
Network-based prediction of the disclosure of ideation about self-harm and suicide in online counseling sessions
Authors: Xu Zhongzhi , Chan Christian S. , Zhang Qingpeng , Xu Yucan , He Lihong , Cheung Florence , Yang Jiannan , Chan Evangeline , Fung Jerry , Tsang Christy , Liu Joyce , Yip Paul S. F.
Published: December 2022

Background

In psychological services, the transition to the disclosure of ideation about self-harm and suicide (ISS) is a critical point warranting attention. This study developed and tested a succinct descriptor to predict such transitions in an online synchronous text-based counseling service.

Method

We analyzed two years’ worth of counseling sessions (N = 49,770) from Open Up, a 24/7 service in Hong Kong. Sessions from Year 1 (N = 20,618) were used to construct a word affinity network (WAN), which depicts the semantic relationships between words. Sessions from Year 2 (N = 29,152), including 1168 with explicit ISS, were used to train and test the downstream ISS prediction model. We divided and classified these sessions into ISS blocks (ISSBs), blocks prior to ISSBs (PISSBs), and non-ISS blocks (NISSBs). To detect PISSB, we adopted complex network approaches to examine the distance among different types of blocks in WAN.

Results

Our analyses find that words within a block tend to form a module in WAN and that network-based distance between modules is a reliable indicator of PISSB. The proposed model yields a c-statistic of 0.79 in identifying PISSB.

Conclusions

This simple yet robust network-based model could accurately predict the transition point of suicidal ideation prior to its explicit disclosure. It can potentially improve the preparedness and efficiency of help-providers in text-based counseling services for mitigating self-harm and suicide.
Intestinal models based on biomimetic scaffolds with an ECM micro-architecture and intestinal macro-elasticity: close to intestinal tissue and immune response analysis
Authors: Li Yue , Hu Meng-Xin , Yan Ming , Guo Ya-Xin , Ma Xue-Ke , Han Jian-Zhong , Qin Yu-Mei
Published: December 2022

Intestinal epithelium models based on biomimetic scaffolds with an ECM micro-architecture and intestinal macro-elasticity are close to their counterpart intestinal tissues, serving as powerful in vitro tools to assess the immunobiotics–host interactions.
Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for disc tissue engineering
Authors: Lin Maoqiang , Hu Yicun , An Haiying , Guo Taowen , Gao Yanbing , Peng Kaichen , Zhao Meiling , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhou Haiyu
Published: December 2022

Low back pain is the major cause of disability worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the most important causes of low back pain.
Novel strategies for tumor radiosensitization mediated by multifunctional gold-based nanomaterials
Authors: Wang Ze , Ren Xiaojun , Wang Dongzhou , Guan Lin , Li Xingchen , Zhao Yue , Liu Annan , He Liang , Wang Tiejun , Zvyagin Andrei V. , Yang Bai , Lin Quan
Published: December 2022

In this review, we systematically summarize the recent progress of various new gold-based nanomaterials mediating radiosensitization and describe the mechanism. The challenges and prospects in the field were further discussed.
Advances in organic microporous membranes for CO2 separation
Authors: Wang Yuhan , Jiang Haifei , Guo Zheyuan , Ma Hanze , Wang Shaoyu , Wang Hongjian , Song Shuqing , Zhang Junfeng , Yin Yan , Wu Hong , Jiang Zhongyi , Guiver Michael D.
Published: December 2022

This Perspective focuses on innovation and advanced design of membranes for carbon dioxide separation, triggered by new organic microporous materials.
Cu2O@Co/N-doped carbon as antibacterial catalysts for oxygen reduction in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Chen Huina , Jiang Demin , Xie Hao , Liu Yuxin , Li Shishi , Wang Yuqiao
Published: December 2022

Cu2O@Co/NC acts as an antibacterial oxygen reduction catalyst for microbial fuel cells.
Adsorption property and mechanism of glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid from water
Authors: Li Qing , Su Heng , Yang Yunhui , Zhang Jingjing , Xia Chuanhai , Guo Zhanyong
Published: December 2022

In this work, glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan (GCC) was prepared and its ability to remove 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from aqueous solutions was systematically studied.
Reduced-graphene oxide decorated γ-In2Se3/Si heterostructure-based broadband photodetectors with enhanced figures-of-merit
Authors: Roul Basanta , Chowdhury Arun Malla , Kumari Malti , Kumawat Kishan Lal , Das Sujit , Nanda K. K. , Krupanidhi S. B.
Published: December 2022

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor-based broadband photodetectors have gained tremendous attention due to their immense potential applications in high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Tailoring 6FDA-based click cross-linked membranes: modular synthesis and tunable gas separation
Authors: Park Jieun , Lee Chang Oh , Kim Ki Jung , Chi Won Seok , Kim Hyungwoo
Published: December 2022

Covalent “click” cross-linking of 6FDA-based membranes has been demonstrated via thiol-ene reaction. The membranes exhibit systematic changes in gas separation.
Environment-friendly copper-based chalcogenide thin film solar cells: status and perspectives
Authors: Amrillah Tahta , Prasetio Adi , Supandi Abdul Rohman , Sidiq David Hadid , Putra Fajar Sukamto , Nugroho Muhammad Adi , Salsabilla Zahra , Azmi Randi
Published: December 2022

Copper chalcogenides (CuCh) have attracted considerable attention due to their promising potential as environmental-friendly photoactive material for lightweight and flexible thin film solar cells.
Fluorescent double network ionogels with fast self-healability and high resilience for reliable human motion detection
Authors: Zhao Xiangjie , Xu Jiaheng , Zhang Jingyue , Guo Mengru , Wu Zhelun , Li Yueyue , Xu Chao , Yin Hongzong , Wang Xiaolin
Published: December 2022

A double-network ionogel featuring unique fluorescence emission, excellent self-healing capability, mechanical properties and temperature tolerance is constructed as a strain sensor for sensitively monitoring human motions.
An intelligent, autocatalytic, DNAzyme biocircuit for amplified imaging of intracellular microRNAs
Authors: Cui Meirong , Zhang Dan , Wang Qingfu , Chao Jie
Published: December 2022

An intelligent, autocatalytic, DNAzyme biocircuit based on a CD/AM nanodevice was constructed for precise sensing and logical calculation of intracellular microRNAs.
Confined replacement synthesis of SnSe nanoplates in N-doped hollow carbon nanocages for high-performance sodium–ion batteries
Authors: Hu Xiang , Yang Xuhui , Liu Yangjie , Qiu Min , Tian Zhidong , Guo Yao , Yuan Jun , Ding Yichun , Zhan Hongbing , Wen Zhenhai
Published: December 2022

SnSe@N-HCNs yolk–shell nanocages made from confined replacement strategy has strong interfacial chemical bonding interaction and stable porous structure, enabling remarkably improved charge transfer kinetics and ion storage capacity.
n-BuLi-promoted nucleophilic addition of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds to diazo compounds as N-terminal electrophiles: efficient synthesis of hydrazine derivatives
Authors: Zhang Lu , Yang Ming , Gong Yue , Wang Jie , Zhao Yu-Long
Published: December 2022

A n-BuLi-promoted intermolecular nucleophilic addition of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds to diazo compounds has been developed. This reaction provides a simple method for the synthesis of benzylhydrazines and alkylthio-substituted ethylhydrazines.
Hypervalent iodine(iii) promoted C–H/C–H amination/annulation tandem reactions: synthesis of benzimidazoles from simple anilines and aldehydes
Authors: Long Lipeng , Li Xin , Tu Mengshi , Zhang Yekun , Qiao Liang , Luo Wenjun , Chen Zhengwang
Published: December 2022

A novel hypervalent iodine mediated cascade transformation of anilines and aldehydes to benzimidazoles was developed.
Homoallenylboration of carbonyl compounds using inert 2-pinacolateboryl 1,3-butadienes via in situ generated borinic–TFA mixed anhydrides: efficient synthesis of homoallenyl alcohols
Authors: Hu Hua-Xing , Ma Xin-Ru , Zhong Qin , Chen Qiang , Zhao Jian
Published: December 2022

A homoallenylboration of carbonyl compounds with general 2-pinacolateboryl 1,3-butadienes is presented to generate versatile homoallenyl secondary and tertiary alcohols with good efficiency.
A new multifunctional fluorescent molecule for highly efficient non-doped deep-blue electro-fluorescence with high color-purity and efficient phosphorescent OLEDs
Authors: Xu Lei , Sun Mizhen , Zhou Yannan , Lou Jingli , Xie Mingliang , Li Zipeng , Sun Qikun , Pan Yuyu , Xue Shanfeng , Yang Wenjun
Published: December 2022

A multifunctional molecule DTPCZTZ was synthesized, which can not only realize high efficiency nondoped deep blue device, but also achieve high efficiency phosphorescent devices.
Acidic tributyl phosphonium-based ionic liquid: an efficient catalyst for preparation of diverse pyridine systems via a cooperative vinylogous anomeric-based oxidation
Authors: Jalali-Mola Sepideh , Torabi Morteza , Yarie Meysam , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2022

Experimental procedure for the synthesis of triaryl pyridines, indolyl pyridines and nicotinonitriles.
Novel pharmaceutical salts of cephalexin with organic counterions: structural analysis and properties
Authors: Hua Xiu-Ni , Pan Xia , Zhu Yang , Cai Zhuoer , Song Qi , Li Yaozhenhui , Feng Wenbin , Chen Xin , Zhang Hui , Sun Baiwang
Published: December 2022

Three novel hydrated pharmaceutical salts of cephalexin with acidic organic counterions were successfully obtained and thoroughly characterized by various analytical techniques.
Facile synthesis of phycocyanin/polydopamine hierarchical nanocomposites for synergizing PTT/PDT against cancer
Authors: Liang Huazhen , Sun Yaling , Li Chaoming , Lin Huaming , Huang Qiwen , Li Changguo
Published: December 2022

A novel Mn-doped phycocyanin/polydopamine hierarchical nanostructure (MnPc@P) with excellent optical absorption, photothermal conversion, and photodynamic performances was successfully developed for combining PTT/PDT against tumor.
Modification of magnetic mesoporous N-doped silica nanospheres by CuO NPs: a highly efficient catalyst for the multicomponent synthesis of some propellane indeno indole derivatives
Authors: Zare Mina , Moradi Leila
Published: December 2022

Herein, magnetic mesoporous N-doped silica nanospheres decorated by CuO nanoparticles (M-MNS/CuO) were prepared and used for the green and efficient synthesis of some [3.3.3] propellane indeno[1,2-b] indole derivatives.
Recent advances in micro-/nanostructure array integrated microfluidic devices for efficient separation of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Kang Hanyue , Xiong Yuting , Ma Liang , Yang Tongqing , Xu Xiaobin
Published: December 2022

This review summarized recent advances in micro-/nanostructure array (microrods, nanowires, and hierarchical microstructures) integrated microfluidic devices for high-throughput separation of circulating tumor cells for early cancer detection.
Electronic and optical properties of graphene, silicene, germanene, and their semi-hydrogenated systems
Authors: Khuong Dien Vo , Li Wei-Bang , Lin Kuang-I. , Thi Han Nguyen , Lin Ming-Fa
Published: December 2022

We investigate the geometric, electric, and optical properties of two-dimensional honeycomb lattices using first-principles simulations.
DABCO-promoted highly diastereo- and regioselective construction of C-3 functionalized spirooxindoles via [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-aryl/heteroarylidene-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-diones with N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines at ambient conditions
Authors: Prasad Madavi S. , Bharani Sankar , Sharief Syed Mastan , Ravi Mudavath , Sivaprakash Murugesan , Borah Biplob , Chowhan L. Raju
Published: December 2022

A highly chemo- and regioselective construction of spiropyrrolidine oxindole is devised via DABCO catalysed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction.
External environment sensitive circularly polarized luminescence properties of a chiral boron difluoride complex
Authors: Ikeshita Masahiro , He Hongxi , Kitahara Maho , Imai Yoshitane , Tsuno Takashi
Published: December 2022

Circularly polarized luminescence properties of chiral boron difluoride complexes bearing a diethylamino group successfully controlled by external environment.
Endocrine disrupting chemicals in water and recent advances on their detection using electrochemical biosensors
Authors: Wang Lue , Wang Haoyun , Tizaoui Chedly , Yang Yuesuo , Ali Jafar , Zhang Wei
Published: December 2022

Four indispensable constituents of electrochemical biosensors for EDCs detection in water: effective signal transduction pathways, highly conductive electrodes, various functional additives for surface modification, and biorecognition elements.
Microscopic mechanism study of the rheological behavior of non-Newtonian fluids based on dissipative particle dynamics
Authors: Li Xinhao , Hu Zihua , Wang Yang , Qin Changjiang , Xu Zhiyuan , Chen Xiaogao , Wu Shicheng , Tu Yu , Wang Yi
Published: December 2022

The shear rheological behavior of non-Newtonian fluids was studied based on dissipative particle dynamics, and it was found that the cause of viscosity change is related to the behavior and state of the particles in the system.
Trace N introduction accelerates desorption of intermediates for the HER and formation of MOOH species for the OER on NiCoP to boost overall water splitting
Authors: Liu Yujie , Li Zhi , Sun Haixiao , Zheng Longjiao , Yuan Zhaoshuo , Li Shuna , Li Yunrui , Fang Xu , Gao Yufeng , Wang Zhen , Dai Xiaoping , Zhang Xin , Song Weiyu
Published: December 2022

Trace N facilitates the desorption of intermediates in the HER and accelerates MOOH species formation in the OER, thus promoting the OWS.
Giant spin-dependent Seebeck effect from fully spin-polarized carriers in n-doped EuTiO3: a prototype material for spin-caloritronic applications
Authors: Wadhwa P. , Bosin A. , Filippetti A.
Published: December 2022

Left: up-spin μ↑ and down-spin μ↓ chemical potentials generated by a T gradient across a magnetic metal. Right: spin voltage Vs = (μ↑ − μ↓)/e at the two sides of the sample. Blue, green and red curves are for T = 10 K, 100 K, and 300 K.
A highly-active Zn0.58Co2.42O4 spinel oxide as a promising cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Xu Yangsen , Gu Yueyuan , Bi Lei
Published: December 2022

The highly-active and chemically stable Zn0.58Co2.42O4 cathode allows a record-high fuel cell performance for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells using spinel oxide cathodes.
Determination of layered nickel hydroxide phases in materials disordered by stacking faults and interstratification
Authors: Lawson Kurt , Wallbridge Samuel P. , Catling Amy E. , Kirk Caroline A. , Dann Sandra E.
Published: December 2022

Nickel hydroxide materials described as having stacking fault and phase interstratification disorder were synthesised and shown by spectroscopic methods to contain multiple layered hydroxide and hydroxysalt structures.
Versatile nano–micro collagen fiber-based wearable electronics for health monitoring and thermal management
Authors: Bai Zhongxue , Wang Xuechuan , Huang Mengchen , Zheng Manhui , Yue Ouyang , Hao Dongyu , Wang Yu , Zou Xiaoliang , Cui Boqiang , Xie Long , Zha Siyu , Ju Haiyan , Liu Xinhua
Published: December 2022

Nano–micro collagen fiber-based flexible strain sensors with multiple functions were nanoengineered for health monitoring and thermal management, which provide a versatile sensor platform in the applications of flexible wearable electronics.
Atmospheric humidity-triggered reversible spin-state switching
Authors: Luo Yang-Hui , Dong Hui , Ma Shu-Hua , Zeng Feng-Lian , Jin Xue-Ting , Liu Min
Published: December 2022

By confinement into a hygroscopic sponge, reversible spin-state switching and color variation has been triggered by naturally occurring humidity capture/release cycles, providing a prototype for molecular switches mediated by natural energy.
Boosting non-sacrificial H2O2 production on a Bi6S2O15 photocatalyst via creating a crystal surface-dependent internal electric field
Authors: Bian Gaoming , Wang Chen , Zhang Yaning , Li Junshan , Lou Yang , Zhang Ying , Dong Yuming , Xu Jing , Zhu Yongfa , Pan Chengsi
Published: December 2022

A Bi6S2O15 photocatalyst without any cocatalyst loading is reported for the first time to exhibit considerable H2O2 production (3.4 mM h−1 g−1) from only H2O and O2 under a Xe lamp by creating a strong internal electric field (IEF) via exposing the (110) surface.
Recent advances in tumor biomarker detection by lanthanide upconversion nanoparticles
Authors: Zhan Ying , Zhang Runchi , Guo Yi , Cao Siyu , Chen Guifang , Tian Bo
Published: December 2022

UCNP-based biosensors for tumor biomarker detection.
A sustained-release PDGF-BB nanocomposite hydrogel for DM-associated bone regeneration
Authors: Li Yaxin , Liu Ziyang , Zhao Chen , Xu Chenci , Shin Airi , Wu Jiaqing , Li Dejian , Lin Kaili , Liu Jiaqiang
Published: December 2022

Schematic illustration of an injectable sustained-release PDGF-BB nanocomposite hydrogel promoting DM-associated bone regeneration and related mechanisms.
Antibacterial features of material surface: strong enough to serve as antibiotics?
Authors: Wang Jie , Li Ping , Wang Ning , Wang Jing , Xing Dongming
Published: December 2022

Bacteria are small but need big efforts to control.
High-performance flexible and self-powered perovskite photodetector enabled by interfacial strain engineering
Authors: Deng Yu , Tai Wenfang , Zhang Qi , Tang Jun , Li Jinpeng , Wang Kai , Yu Haomiao
Published: December 2022

The spin–orbit coupling (SOC) strength in a perovskite film is enhanced by regulating the lattice strain with PDCBT layer, resulting in a high-performance flexible and self-powered perovskite photodetector.
2D vanadium oxide inverse opal films: cycling stability exploration as an electrochromic active electrode
Authors: Li Hua , Liu Yuwei , Jiang Weihui , Liang Jian , Tang Zijuan , Hu Meilin , Robichaud Jacques , Djaoued Yahia
Published: December 2022

2D V2O5 IO films with various pore sizes and phases are fabricated, in which small pores buffer stress-induced pulverization but fasten chemical dissolution, while introducing a small amount of V6O13+y into V2O5 improves electrochromic and electrochemical cycling stability.
Efficient OFET-based optical memory and photodetectors using a novel BODIPY dye
Authors: Talalaev Filipp S. , Frolova Lyubov A. , Bochkov Andrei Y. , Babenko Sergey D. , Gutsev Lavrenty G. , Aldoshin Sergey M. , Traven Valery F. , Troshin Pavel A.
Published: December 2022

A new BODIPY-coumarin dye was synthesized, characterized, and utilized as a light-sensitive component in optically programmed OFET-based memory cells and photodetectors.
Preregistration: Practical Considerations for Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Authors: Brown Violet A. , Strand Julia F.
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

In the last decade, psychology and other sciences have implemented numerous reforms to improve the robustness of our research, many of which are based on increasing transparency throughout the research process. Among these reforms is the practice of preregistration, in which researchers create a time-stamped and uneditable document before data collection that describes the methods of the study, how the data will be analyzed, the sample size, and many other decisions. The current article highlights the benefits of preregistration with a focus on the specific issues that speech, language, and hearing researchers are likely to encounter, and additionally provides a tutorial for writing preregistrations.

Conclusions:

Although rates of preregistration have increased dramatically in recent years, the practice is still relatively uncommon in research on speech, language, and hearing. Low rates of adoption may be driven by a lack of understanding of the benefits of preregistration (either generally or for our discipline in particular) or uncertainty about how to proceed if it becomes necessary to deviate from the preregistered plan. Alternatively, researchers may see the benefits of preregistration but not know where to start, and gathering this information from a wide variety of sources is arduous and time consuming. This tutorial addresses each of these potential roadblocks to preregistration and equips readers with tools to facilitate writing preregistrations for research on speech, language, and hearing.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21644843
The early evolution of young massive clusters
Authors: Stoop M. , Kaper L. , de Koter A. , Guo D. , Lamers H. J. G. L. M. , Rieder S.
Published: December 2022

Context. Young massive clusters provide the opportunity to study the outcome of the star formation process and the early evolution of star clusters. In the first few million years, the (massive) stars dynamically interact, producing runaways and affecting the initial (binary) population.

Aims. Observing and interpreting the dynamics of young massive clusters is key to our understanding of the star formation process and predicting the outcome of stellar evolution, for example the number of gravitational wave sources.

Methods. We have studied NGC 6611 in the Eagle Nebula (M16), a young massive cluster hosting ∼19 O stars. We used Gaia EDR3 data to determine the membership, age, cluster dynamics, and the kinematics of the massive stars including runaways.

Results. The membership analysis yields 137 members located at a mean distance of 1706 ± 7 pc. The colour – absolute magnitude diagram reveals a blue and a red population of pre-main-sequence stars, consistent with two distinct populations of stars. In line with earlier studies, the youngest (reddest) population has a mean extinction of AV = 3.6 ± 0.1 mag and an age of 1.3 ± 0.2 Myr, while the older population of stars has a mean extinction of AV = 2.0 ± 0.1 mag and an age of 7.5 ± 0.4 Myr. The latter population is more spatially extended than the younger generation of stars. We argue that most of the OB stars belong to the younger population. We identify eight runaways originating from the centre of NGC 6611, consistent with the dynamical ejection scenario.

Conclusions. We have studied the kinematics of the O stars in detail and show that ≳50% of the O stars have velocities comparable to or greater than the escape velocity. These O stars can be traced back to the centre of NGC 6611 with kinematic ages ranging from 0 to 2 Myr. These results suggest that dynamical interactions played an important role in the early evolution of NGC 6611, which is surprising considering the relatively low current stellar density (0.1–1 × 103 M⊙ pc−3). Comparing our results to simulations of young massive clusters, the initial radius of 0.1–0.5 pc (needed to produce the observed O star runaway fraction) is not consistent with that of NGC 6611. We propose a scenario where the O stars initially form in wide binaries or higher order systems and possibly harden through dynamical interactions.
Ultra-broadband and tunable infrared absorber based on VO2 hybrid multi-layer nanostructure
Authors: Yan Junyi , Li Yi , Zou Mengdi , Zhuang Jiaqing , Mei Jincheng , Wang Xingping , Zhang Xin , Wu Yuda , Peng Chuang , Dai Wenyan , Yuan Zhen , Lin Ke
Published: December 2022

We propose an ultra-broadband near- to mid-infrared (NMIR) tunable absorber based on VO2 hybrid multi-layer nanostructure by hybrid integration of the upper and the lower parts. The upper part is composed of VO2 nanocylinder arrays prepared on the front illuminated surface of quartz substrate, and VO2 square films and VO2/SiO2/VO2 square nanopillar arrays prepared on the back surface. The lower part is an array of SiO2/Ti/VO2 nanopillars on Ti substrate. The effects of different structural parameters and temperature on the absorption spectra were analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain method. An average absorption rate of up to 94.7% and an ultra-wide bandwidth of 6.5 μm were achieved in NMIR 1.5–8 μm. Neither vertical incident light with different polarization angles nor large inclination incident light has a significant effect on the absorption performance of the absorber. The ultra-broadband high absorption performance of this absorber will be widely used in NMIR photodetectors and other new optoelectronic devices.
A multi-model approach for wooden furniture failure under mechanical load
Authors: Chevalier Luc , Pled Florent , Winkler Laura , Wilquin François , Launay Eric
Published: December 2022

Furniture failure generally appears at junctions between wooden parts. Failure prediction is a challenging problem considering the various technologies used for the assembly, the geometric dimensions of the wooden assembled parts and of the assembly components as well as the material properties of the wooden parts. Being able to provide a procedure for failure analysis is of great interest to the furniture industry. This paper proposes a multi-model approach in 3 steps: (i) a simplified global modeling of the whole structure (high loft bed) taking into account the specific geometry of each wooden part (beams or plates), (ii) a three-dimensional local numerical analysis of a through-bolt junction subjected to the mean critical load identified during a series of experimental compression tests to determine the local stresses in such a corner-type junction, and (iii) the application of an ad hoc failure criterion adapted to the anisotropic behavior of wood for failure prediction in through-bolt junctions.
Orthopädisch-unfallchirurgische Funktionsuntersuchung in der Online-Videosprechstunde – was ist heute möglich?
Authors: Youssef Yasmin , Fellmer Felix , Gehlen Tobias , Estel Katharina , Tsitsilonis Serafeim , Maerdian Sven , Digitalisierung AG , Back David Alexander
Published: December 2022

Hintergrund Im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie hat die Online-Videosprechstunde einen zunehmenden Stellenwert in der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie erhalten. In der Literatur werden verschiedene Adaptationsmöglichkeiten für digitale orthopädisch-unfallchirurgische klassische Gelenk- und Funktionsuntersuchungen für eine Online-Videosprechstunde beschrieben.

Methodik Es wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche der wissenschaftlichen Publikationen für passive digitale Gelenk- und Funktionsuntersuchungen auf der Datenbank PubMed (Zeitraum: Januar 2010 bis April 2021) durchgeführt. Die identifizierten Untersuchungstechniken wurden anschließend systematisch nach Körperregion und Pathologie zusammengefasst, detailliert beschrieben und mit reproduzierten Fotografien nachgestellt.

Ergebnisse Es konnten 17 Artikel eingeschlossen werden. Die beschriebenen Untersuchungstechniken waren überwiegend an die klassischen orthopädischen Tests angelehnt und so adaptiert, dass sie selbstständig durch den Patienten durchgeführt werden können. Als Hilfsmittel wurden alltägliche Gegenstände beschrieben. In 5 Publikationen wurde die Durchführung der Online-Videosprechstunde mit klassischen orthopädischen Untersuchungen verglichen. Die Funktionsuntersuchungen in der Online-Videosprechstunde zeigte im Vergleich zur Inspektion und ROM-Testung eine schlechtere Übereinstimmung mit der klassischen orthopädischen Untersuchung.

Zusammenfassung In der Literatur existiert eine breite Grundlage an bereits publizierten Untersuchungstechniken für die orthopädisch-unfallchirurgische Videosprechstunde. Die beschriebenen Untersuchungen orientieren sich weitgehend an den klassischen orthopädisch-unfallchirurgischen Tests. Die vorgestellten Untersuchungsmöglichkeiten müssen in Zukunft auf ihre Evidenz geprüft, validiert und ggf. weiter angepasst werden.
Berufliche Belastung als möglicher Risikofaktor für einen Rotatorenmanschettenschaden - Systematisches Review und Meta-Analyse
Authors: Diener Greta-Linn , Spahn Gunter , Hofmann Gunther O
Published: December 2022

Zielstellung Im September 2021 wurde vom „Ärztlichen Sachverständigenbeirat Berufskrankheiten“ beim Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS) die Empfehlung ausgesprochen, Läsionen der Rotatorenmanschette durch berufliche und langjährige Überschulterarbeit, repetitive Bewegungen, Tragen und Heben von schweren Lasten und Hand-Arm-Schwingungen (Vibration) als Berufskrankheit anzuerkennen. Um ein genaueres Verständnis über den Zusammenhang zwischen beruflichen Risikofaktoren und Schäden der Rotatorenmanschette zu erlangen, wurde in einer systematischen Literaturrecherche deren Einfluss auf die Entstehung von Schäden an der Rotatorenmanschette der Schulter untersucht und anhand dieser Ergebnisse die Empfehlung des BMAS eingeordnet.

Material und Methode Mithilfe einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurde in den Datenbanken PubMed, Cochrane und Web-of-Science nach Arbeiten gesucht, die sich mit beruflicher Schulterbelastung und damit einhergehenden Schulterbeschwerden beschäftigten. Als Risikofaktoren wurde der Einfluss von Überkopfarbeit, repetitiver Arbeit, Vibration und Tragen und Heben von schweren Lasten untersucht.

Ergebnisse 58 Studien wurden im Volltext gelesen, wovon 13 Studien in die Metaanalyse inkludiert wurden. Alle untersuchten Risikofaktoren zeigten einen signifikanten Zusammenhang auf, wobei die stärkste Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung für die Risikofaktoren „Überkopfarbeit“ und „repetitive Arbeit“ gefunden wurde: Einfluss von Überkopfarbeit: 2,23 (95%-KI 1,98–2,52), Einfluss von repetitiver Arbeit: 2,17 (95%-KI 1,92–2,46), Einfluss von Vibration: 1,59 (95%-KI 1,13–2,23), Heben und Tragen von schweren Lasten: 1,57 (95%-KI 1,15–2,15).

Schlussfolgerung Zwar konnte in unserer Studie für alle 4 untersuchten Risikofaktoren ein signifikanter Effekt nachgewiesen werden, jedoch ist aufgrund der unzureichenden Menge an verfügbaren Studien mit qualitativ hochwertigem Studiendesign und unzureichender pathophysiologischer Erklärung für die Entstehung eines Rotatorenmanschettenschadens bei diesen mechanischen Tätigkeiten nach derzeitigem Stand ein Zusammenhang nicht sicher nachweisbar.
Arzneimittel im Alter – das unterschätzte
Risiko!
Authors: Gröber Uwe
Published: December 2022

Viele ältere Menschen benötigen täglich Arzneimittel,
manche mehrere verschiedene. Bei regelmäßiger Einnahme kann eine
Vielzahl von Arzneimitteln die Aufnahme und Verwertung von Vitaminen und
Mineralstoffen im Körper stören. Dadurch steigt das Risiko
für Nebenwirkungen. Im Hinblick auf Wechselwirkungen zwischen
Arzneimitteln und Mikronährstoffen sind ältere Menschen
besonders gefährdet.
Electrochemical Benzylic C(sp3)–H Amidation via Ritter-Type Reaction in the Absence of External Mediator and Oxidant
Authors: Liu Ping , Sun Peipei , Chu Qiao , Zhou Yeqin , Ji Ce
Published: December 2022

A straightforward method involving electrochemical Ritter-type amidation of alkylarenes in the absence of external mediator and oxidant is described. This direct benzylic C(sp3)–H amidation utilizes cheap CH3CN or other nitriles as the nitrogen source and trace amount of H2O in the solvent as the oxygen and hydrogen source. A wide range of alkylarenes were found to be compatible, providing a variety of N-benzyl-substituted amides in moderate to good yields.
Prediction of Marathon Performance using Artificial
Intelligence
Authors: Lerebourg Lucie , Saboul Damien , Clémençon Michel , Coquart Jérémy Bernard
Published: December 2022

Although studies used machine learning algorithms to predict performances in
sports activities, none, to the best of our knowledge, have used and validated
two artificial intelligence techniques: artificial neural network (ANN) and
k-nearest neighbor (KNN) in the running discipline of marathon and compared the
accuracy or precision of the predicted performances. Official French rankings
for the 10-km road and marathon events in 2019 were scrutinized over a dataset
of 820 athletes (aged 21, having run 10 km and a marathon in the same
year that was run slower, etc.). For the KNN and ANN the same inputs (10-km race
time, body mass index, age and sex) were used to solve a linear regression
problem to estimate the marathon race time. No difference was found between the
actual and predicted marathon performances for either method
(p>0,05). All predicted performances were significantly
correlated with the actual ones, with very high correlation coefficients
(r>0,90; p<0,001). KNN outperformed ANN with a
mean absolute error of 2,4 vs 5,6%. The study confirms the validity of
both algorithms, with better accuracy for KNN in predicting marathon
performance. Consequently, the predictions from these artificial intelligence
methods may be used in training programs and competitions.
Duration Effects on Wingate and Functional Power Threshold Test
Outputs in Female Cyclists
Authors: Sendra-Perez Carlos , Oficial-Casado Fran , Encarnación-Martínez Alberto , Priego-Quesada Jose Ignacio
Published: December 2022

The response of female cyclists depending on the functional test duration has not
been studied. This study aims to analyse the effect of modification of the
duration of two different functional tests: Wingate (WAnT) and Functional Power
Threshold (FTP) in female cyclists. Fourteen cyclists (27±8 years,
1,66±0,08 m, and 60,6±7,2 kg) performed 2 test
days with a 24-hour break between days, varying the test duration (WAnT 20- or
30-sec, and FTP 8- or 10-min). Relative power output, cadence, heart rate, local
oxygen saturation, lactate, and rating of perceived exertion were measured in
each test. Time duration did not affect the power output outcomes in both tests
(p>0,05). However, WAnT of 20 sec, compared with the test of
30 sec, resulted in a lower cadence decrease in the last 5 sec
(p<0,01, ES=1,3), lower heart rate variables (peak, average and
variation; p<0,01, ES>0,5), and higher execution inclination of
local oxygen saturation (p<0,05 and ES=1,0). In conclusion, the
time variations assessed do not alters power outcomes in female cyclists.
However, higher acute fatigue can be observed in the WAnT of 30 sec,
which suggests the use of the test of 20 sec to allow continue training
afterwards.
Synthesis of Chiral Spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidine] Derivatives Integrated with Spiro Indane-1,3-dione and Trifluoromethyl Group Pharmacophores via Organocatalyzed Asymmetric [3+2] Annulation
Authors: Zhou Zhenghong , Li Fei , Li Zhuo , Wang Youming
Published: December 2022

A mild and efficient organocatalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of isatin-derived ketimines and 2-ylideneindane-1,3-diones has been realized. The resulting spiro[oxindole-3,2′-pyrrolidine]s bearing both a spiro indane-1,3-dione motif and a trifluoromethyl group were obtained in high yields with good diastereo- and enantioselectivities.
Distal Recurrent Tracheoesophageal Fistula after Repair of Esophageal Atresia—Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome
Authors: Koivusalo Antti , Mutanen Annika , Suominen Janne , Pakarinen Mikko
Published: December 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to assess incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of distal recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula (RTEF) after repair of esophageal atresia (EA).

Methods Ethical consent was obtained. Data collection was done by review of hospital records of 286 patients (268 in-house and 18 referred) who underwent repair of type C or D EA from 1980 to 2021. Spitz class, long-gap (tracheoesophageal fistula at carina), fundoplication, leakage, and stricture were assessed as RTEF risk factors. Outcome measures were long-term closure of RTEF, retainment of native esophagus, and survival.

Results RTEF occurred in 23 patients (19 in-house) with type C (n = 22) or type D (n = 1) EA with median 4.4 (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.7–13) months after repair. Five patients had late RTEF 3.5 to 16 years after repair. Nineteen (7.3%) in-house patients developed RTEF. Presenting symptoms, age at diagnosis, and presence of anastomotic stricture (AS) are listed. No statistically significant risk factors were found, risk ratio of 0.5 to 2.7 (IQR: 0.1–8.7), p-value of 0.25 to 0.75. Detached closure clip and esophageal foreign body contributed to RTEF in two patients. Sixteen patients underwent rethoracotomy for closure of RTEF, 5 (22%) with AS eventually underwent esophageal reconstruction after a period with cervical esophagostomy. Two patients with late-manifested RTEFs underwent closure with laser cauterization. In 22 patients, treatment of RTEF succeeded, whereas 1 (4%) premature patient died of instant re-RTEF.

Conclusion RTEF had an incidence of 7% with diverse patterns of manifestation and predicting factors. Closure rate and patient survival were excellent, but RTEF with AS predicted loss of native esophagus.
Factor VIII and Factor IX Activity Measurements for Hemophilia Diagnosis and Related Treatments
Authors: Bowyer Annette E. , Gosselin Robert C.
Published: December 2022

Accurate measurement of clotting factors VIII (FVIII) or IX (FIX) is vital for comprehensive diagnosis and management of patients with hemophilia A or B. The one-stage activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-based clotting assay is the most commonly used method worldwide for testing FVIII or FIX activities. Alternatively, FVIII and FIX chromogenic substrate assays, which assess the activation of factor X, are available in some specialized laboratories. The choice of reagent or methodology can strongly influence the resulting activity. Variation between one-stage FVIII or FIX activities has been reported in the measurement of some standard and extended half-life factor replacement therapies and gene therapy for hemophilia B using different aPTT reagents. Discrepancy between one-stage and chromogenic reagents has been demonstrated in some patients with mild hemophilia A or B, the measurement of some standard and extended half-life factor replacement therapies, and the transgene expression of hemophilia A and B patients who have received gene therapy. Finally, the measurement of bispecific antibody therapy in patients with hemophilia A has highlighted differences between chromogenic assays. It is imperative that hemostasis laboratories evaluate how suitable their routine assays are for the accurate measurement of the various hemophilia treatment therapies.
Alström Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Authors: La Macchia Tommaso , Mancuso Alessio , Ceravolo Maria Domenica , Cuppari Caterina , Chimenz Roberto , Farello Giovanni , Gitto Eloisa , Iapadre Giulia , Ceravolo Ida
Published: December 2022

Alström syndrome (AS) is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by cone-rod retinal dystrophy leading to vision loss, hearing deficiency, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia. The conditions include dilated cardiomyopathy, recurrent fibrotic pulmonary infections, and progressive renal, hepatic, and endocrinological dysfunction. Other clinical findings consist of thyroid problems, short height, and growth hormone insufficiency. In addition, patients present with normal IQ, but in some cases delay in psychomotor and cognitive development is described. There is no treatment for AS, and life expectancy is around 40 years. However, an early identification of the disease can help in reducing the progression to severe conditions and in ameliorating the patient's quality of life. Our intent was to analyze the clinical data in literature on AS and provide an up-to-date review.
Alström's Syndrome: Neurological Manifestations and Genetics
Authors: Spoto Giulia , Pironti Erica , Amore Greta , Prato Adriana , Scuderi Anna , Colucci Pia V. , Ceravolo Ida , Farello Giovanni , Salpietro Vincenzo , Iapadre Giulia , Rosa Gabriella Di , Dicanio Daniela
Published: December 2022

Alström syndrome (ALMS) is a rare ciliopathy with pleiotropic and wide spectrum of clinical features. It is autosomal recessively inherited and associated with mutations in ALMS1, a gene involved in cilia functioning. High clinical heterogeneity is the main feature of ALMS. Cone-rod dystrophy with blindness, hearing loss, obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, endocrine abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, and renal, hepatic, and pulmonary anomalies are the most common signs and symptoms.
Modular electromagnetic railgun accelerator for high velocity impact studies
Authors: Verma Rishi , Aravind J. M. V. V. S. , Deb Pankaj , Rao J. N. , Dey P. , Dubey A. K. , Shukla R. , Majumder D. B. , Sharma S. K. , Mishra Shobhna , Meena Manraj , Rongali Lakshman , Sethi Bijayalaxmi , Sagar K. , Kumar G. Vinod , Babu N. S. , Sharma Archana
Published: December 2022

A modular electromagnetic railgun accelerator facility named “RAFTAR” (i.e., Railgun Accelerator Facility for Technology and Research) has been commissioned and its performance has been characterized for high velocity impact testing on materials in a single-shot mode. In the first tests, RAFTAR demonstrated an acceleration of more than 1000 m/s for an 8 g solid aluminum-7075 armature projectile. The current fed was 220 kA, having a muzzle time of about 1.75 ms. It is a single pulse breech-fed rectangular bore (14 × 13 mm2) railgun, and its 1.15 m long barrel assembly consists of two parallel copper bars with an inter-gap of 13 mm that are encased within 50 mm thick high strength reinforced fiberglass sheets (Garolite G10-FR4) and bolted from both the sides. RAFTAR is powered by two capacitor bank modules that have a maximum stored energy of 160 kJ each (containing eight 178 μF/15 kV capacitors), two high power ignitron switches, and a pulse shaping inductor. To obtain consistent acceleration of the armature inside the barrel, reversal of driving current is prevented, and its pulse duration is stretched by tactical integration of the crowbar switch and bitter coil inductor in the circuit. Armature projectile velocity measurement in-bore and outside in free space was performed by the time-of-flight technique using indigenously made miniature B-dot sensors and a novel shorting-foil arrangement, respectively. The time resolved measurement of the in-bore armature evidenced a velocity-skin-effect in the high acceleration phase. There is good agreement between the experimentally measured and theoretically predicted efficiency, confirming the optimal choice of operating parameters. The conclusion summarizes important experimental findings and analyzes the underlying causes that limit the performance of railguns.
Numerical study on light triggering characteristics of NiO/SiC heterojunction thyristor
Authors: Xi Wang , Chao Zhang , Hongbin Pu , Yao Li , Jichao Hu , Jianning Xu , Mingxuan Qiu
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the performance of silicon carbide (SiC) light-triggered thyristor (LTT) with a p-type NiO emitter region is analyzed through numerical simulation. The conductivity modulation in SiC LTT is significantly enhanced with the help of high injection efficiency of holes in NiO/SiC heterojunction. The injected hole density at the surface of the p− long base is increased by ∼21.2 times and the corresponding specific on-state resistance (Ron,sp) is only 36.7 mΩ cm2, which is reduced by about 29%. Moreover, hole-injection enhancement by NiO/SiC heterojunction also exhibits excellent potential in improving the dynamic characteristics of SiC LTTs. The simulation results indicate that the turn-on time of SiC LTT can be reduced by ∼57.76% when triggered by 1.0 W/cm2 ultraviolet light. Furthermore, energy dissipations of SiC LTT during the turn-on and turn-off processes can be reduced by 91.4% and 21.9%, respectively.
Interacting with tumor cells weakens the intrinsic clockwise chirality of endothelial cells
Authors: Hang Benson , Jassem Eman , Mohammed Hanan , Wan Leo Q. , Herschkowitz Jason I. , Fan Jie
Published: December 2022

Endothelial cells (ECs) possess a strong intrinsic clockwise (CW, or rightward) chirality under normal conditions. Enervating this chirality of ECs significantly impairs the function of the endothelial barrier. Malignant tumor cells (TCs) undergo metastasis by playing upon the abnormal leakage of blood vessels. However, the impact of TCs on EC chirality is still poorly understood. Using a transwell model, we co-cultured the human umbilical vein endothelial cells or human lung microvascular endothelial cells and breast epithelial tumor cell lines to simulate the TC–EC interaction. Using a micropatterning method, we assessed the EC chirality changes induced by paracrine signaling of and physical contact with TCs. We found that the intrinsic clockwise chirality of ECs was significantly compromised by the TC's physical contact, while the paracrine signaling (i.e., without physical contact) of TCs causes minimal changes. In addition, ECs neighboring TCs tend to possess a left bias, while ECs spaced apart from TCs are more likely to preserve the intrinsic right bias. Finally, we found the chirality change of ECs could result from physical binding between CD44 and E-selectin, which activates protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) and induces pseudopodial movement of EC toward TC. Our findings together suggest the crucial role of EC–TC physical interaction in EC chirality and that weakening the EC chirality could potentially compromise the overall endothelial integrity which increases the probability of metastatic cancer spread.
Electroencephalogram signal analysis with 1T1R arrays toward high-efficiency brain computer interface
Authors: Tong Peiwen , Xu Hui , Sun Yi , Wang Yongzhou , Wang Wei , Li Jiwei
Published: December 2022

Brain computer interface (BCI) is a promising way for automatic driving and exploring brain functions. As the number of electrodes for electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition continues to grow, the signal processing capabilities of BCI are facing challenges. Considering the bottlenecks of the Von Neumann architecture, it is increasingly difficult for the traditional digital computing pattern to meet the requirements of the EEG signal processing in terms of power consumption and efficiency. Here, we propose a 1T1R array-based EEG signal analysis system in which the biological likelihood of the memristor is used to efficiently analyze signals in the simulated domain. The identification and classification of EEG signals are achieved experimentally using the memristor array with an average recognition rate of 89.83%. The support vector machine classification implemented by the memristor crossbar array provides a 34.4 times improvement in power efficiency compared to the complementary metal oxide semiconductor-based support vector machine classifier. This work provides new ideas for the application of memristors in BCI.