bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rationalist explanation of Russian risk-taking
Authors: Lehrbass Frank , Weinhold Valentin
Published: April 2016

Three seemingly unrelated topics of Russian politics are investigated. It is shown that under expected utility maximization the assumptions of an unbiased oil forward market and a risk-acceptant attitude (strictly convex utility function) are sufficient to explain Russia’s open position in oil and the bailout of Rosneft. The risk-acceptant attitude of the Russian leader also causes a shrunken bargaining range for the conflict in Ukraine, which can be enlarged by sanctions but not necessarily by the proliferation of weapons. This gives sanctions a clear edge over the proliferation of weapons.
Brief Resolved Unexplained Events (Formerly Apparent Life-Threatening Events) and Evaluation of Lower-Risk Infants
Authors: Tieder Joel S. , Bonkowsky Joshua L. , Etzel Ruth A. , Franklin Wayne H. , Gremse David A. , Herman Bruce , Katz Eliot S. , Krilov Leonard R. , Merritt J. Lawrence , Norlin Chuck , Percelay Jack , Sapién Robert E. , Shiffman Richard N. , Smith Michael B.H. ,   for the SUBCOMMITTEE ON APPARENT LIFE THREATENING EVENTS
Published: April 2016

This is the first clinical practice guideline from the American Academy of Pediatrics that specifically applies to patients who have experienced an apparent life-threatening event (ALTE). This clinical practice guideline has 3 objectives. First, it recommends the replacement of the term ALTE with a new term, brief resolved unexplained event (BRUE). Second, it provides an approach to patient evaluation that is based on the risk that the infant will have a repeat event or has a serious underlying disorder. Finally, it provides management recommendations, or key action statements, for lower-risk infants. The term BRUE is defined as an event occurring in an infant younger than 1 year when the observer reports a sudden, brief, and now resolved episode of ≥1 of the following: (1) cyanosis or pallor; (2) absent, decreased, or irregular breathing; (3) marked change in tone (hyper- or hypotonia); and (4) altered level of responsiveness. A BRUE is diagnosed only when there is no explanation for a qualifying event after conducting an appropriate history and physical examination. By using this definition and framework, infants younger than 1 year who present with a BRUE are categorized either as (1) a lower-risk patient on the basis of history and physical examination for whom evidence-based recommendations for evaluation and management are offered or (2) a higher-risk patient whose history and physical examination suggest the need for further investigation and treatment but for whom recommendations are not offered. This clinical practice guideline is intended to foster a patient- and family-centered approach to care, reduce unnecessary and costly medical interventions, improve patient outcomes, support implementation, and provide direction for future research. Each key action statement indicates a level of evidence, the benefit-harm relationship, and the strength of recommendation.
The Role of IL-23, IL-22, and IL-18 in Campylobacter Jejuni Infection of Conventional Infant Mice
Authors: Heimesaat Markus M. , Alutis Marie E. , Grundmann Ursula , Fischer André , Göbel Ulf B. , Bereswill Stefan
Published: April 2016

We have recently shown that, within 1 week following peroral Campylobacter jejuni infection, conventional infant mice develop self-limiting enteritis. We here investigated the role of IL-23, IL-22, and IL-18 during C. jejuni strain 81-176 infection of infant mice. The pathogen efficiently colonized the intestines of IL-18−/− mice only, but did not translocate to extra-intestinal compartments. At day 13 postinfection (p.i.), IL-22−/− mice displayed lower colonic epithelial apoptotic cell numbers as compared to wildtype mice, whereas, conversely, colonic proliferating cells increased in infected IL-22−/− and IL-18−/− mice. At day 6 p.i., increases in neutrophils, T and B lymphocytes were less pronounced in gene-deficient mice, whereas regulatory T cell numbers were lower in IL-23p19−/− and IL-22−/− as compared to wildtype mice, which was accompanied by increased colonic IL-10 levels in the latter. Until then, colonic pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF, IFN-γ, IL-6, and MCP-1 increased in IL-23p19−/− mice, whereas IL-18−/− mice exhibited decreased cytokine levels and lower colonic numbers of T and B cell as well as of neutrophils, macrophages, and monocytes as compared to wildtype controls. In conclusion, IL-23, IL-22, and IL-18 are differentially involved in mediating C. jejuni-induced immunopathology of conventional infant mice.
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection and Depression: A Case—Control Seroprevalence Study
Authors: Alvarado-Esquivel Cosme , Sánchez-Anguiano Luis Francisco , Hernández-Tinoco Jesús , Berumen-Segovia Luis Omar , Torres-Prieto Yazmin Elizabeth , Estrada-Martínez Sergio , Pérez-Álamos Alma Rosa , Ortiz-Jurado María Nalleli , Molotla-de-León Gabriel , Beristain-García Isabel , Rábago-Sánchez Elizabeth , Liesenfeld Oliver
Published: April 2016

We assessed the association of Toxoplasma gondii infection and depression in a sample of psychiatric patients and control subjects without depression. We performed an age- and gender-matched case—control study of 89 patients suffering from depression attended in a public psychiatric hospital in Durango City, Mexico and 356 control subjects without depression from the general population of the same city. Participants were tested for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies using enzymelinked immunoassays. Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 11 (12.4%) of the 89 cases and in 22 (6.2%) of the 356 controls (OR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.00–4.59; P = 0.04). Anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies were found in four (19%) of 21 anti-T. gondii IgG seropositive controls but not in 11 anti-T. gondii IgG seropositive cases (P = 0.27). Patients aged 30 years old and younger had a significantly higher seroprevalence of T. gondii infection than controls of the same age group (P = 0.001). Results of the present study suggest a potential association between T. gondii infection and depression. Furthers studies to confirm our results and to determine the epidemiology of T. gondii in young depressed patients should be conducted.
Microsatellite instability and B-type Raf proto-oncogene mutation in colorectal cancer: Clinicopathological characteristics and effects on survival
Authors: Batur Sebnem , Vuralli Bakkaloglu Dogu , Kepil Nuray , Erdamar Sibel
Published: April 2016

Prognostic significance of microsatellite instability (MSI) status and B-type Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutation in colorectal cancer is controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and pathological characteristics associated with microsatellite stability and the effect of MSI and BRAF mutation on the survival of patients with colorectal cancer. The study included 145 colorectal cancer cases. All the patients were examined for DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins with an immunohistochemical method. Molecular assessment of MSI was available in a subset of 41 patients. In addition, BRAF mutation analysis was performed in 30 cases. Immunohistochemically, MMR deficiency was present in 28 (19.3%) patients. Female gender (p = 0.001), lesion size ≥5 cm (p = 0.013), Crohn-like response (p = 0.035), and right-sided localization (p < 0.001) were significantly more frequent among MMR-deficient patients. The overall survival was 44.1 ± 5.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 33.7-54.4). Multivariate analyses identified only high tumor grade as an independent predictor of poor overall survival: odd ratio, 6.7 (95% CI 2.1-21.7), p = 0.002. In the subset of patients with available BRAF assessment (n = 30), a negative BRAF status was associated with better survival when compared to a positive BRAF status (36.7 ± 2.1 vs. 34.1 ± 7.2 months, p = 0.048). The sensitivity and specificity of the immunohistochemical method in predicting positive MSI status, with the molecular method as a reference, were 85.7% (95% CI: 56.2%-97.5%) and 88.9% (95% CI: 69.7%-97.1%), respectively. BRAF appears to be a significant predictor of a worse outcome in patients with colorectal cancer. Further studies with a large spectrum of clinical and biological variables are warranted.
Structural and electrophysiological remodeling interrelation in postinfarction cardiosclerosis and dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mazur E S , Mazur V V , Djaber Kh A , Orlov Yu A
Published: April 2016

Aim. To study the interrelation of ventricles echocardiographic parameters and signal-averaged electrocardiogram indicators in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis and dilated cardiomyopathy.Methods. 28 patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis (men aged 49 to 71 years) and 29 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (men aged 24 to 61 years) were examined. All patients underwent echocardiography, by which left ventricle final diastolic and systolic volumes with ejection fraction calculation, right ventricle end diastolic and systolic volumes were determined. According to the signal-averaged electrocardiogram, filtered ventricular complex duration, the ventricular complex with an amplitude of less than 40 mV terminal part duration and signal root-mean-square (rms) amplitude of the ventricular complex last 40 ms were evaluated.Results.. According to the correlation analysis, increase in left ventricle end-diastolic and systolic volumes and decrease in its ejection fraction, as well as an increase in right ventricle end-diastolic and systolic volumes were associated with an increase in the filtered ventricular complex duration and the ventricular complex with an amplitude of less than 40 mV terminal part duration in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis. The left ventricle volumes increase and ejection fraction reduction were also associated with the signal rms amplitude of the ventricular complex last 40 ms reduction in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Similar interrelation was not found in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.Conclusion. In patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis cavities dilation and reduced systolic ventricular function are accompanied by the myocardium electrophysiological properties deterioration; in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy interrelation between structural and electrophysiological indicators of myocardial remodeling was not found.
Diagnosis and treatment of anterior abdominal wall ligature fistulas
Authors: Izmaylov A G , Dobrokvashin S V , Volkov D E , Pyrkov V A , Zakirov R F , Davlet-Kildeev S A
Published: April 2016

AIM. To improve treatment results of patients with ligature fistulas of the anterior abdominal wall by the development of pyo-inflammatory wound complications diagnosis and prevention methods.METHODS. During the period from the beginning of 2001 to June, 2015, 34 patients with a ligature fistulas of the anterior abdominal wall were admitted to the Department of Surgery of Hospital for War Veterans, Kazan. Terms of ligature fistula occurrence ranged from 3 months to 5.5 years after surgery. 7 (20.6%) patients previously underwent herniotomy, 20 (58.8%) - laparotomy for various acute surgical diseases of the abdominal cavity, 2 (5.9%) - appendectomy, 5 (14.7%) - pelvic organs surgery. The patients mean age was 59±4.5 years. Patients were divided into two groups: the first - the comparison group, 23 (67.6%) patients. In this group suturing was performed with polypropylene or absorbable suture filaments, wound debridement was performed by the conventional technique using different antiseptics types: 0.5% chlorhexidine (chlorhexidine bigluconate) and 3% hydrogen peroxide solutions. The second group - the main one, included 11 (32.4%) patients. In this group polyglycolide-co-lactide (purple), USP 2/0 (3 Matric) 75 cm with the atraumatic tip suture materials were used and the wound debridement was performed with 10% aqueous hydroxyethyldimethyldihydropyrimidin (xymedon) solution using a device developed by us.RESULTS. The postoperative pyo-inflammatory complications rate in the control group was 17.4% (4 cases), in the main group - 9.1% (1 case); thereby infiltrates were registered in 3 patients of comparison group and in 1 patient of main group, seroma - in 1 patient of comparison group. Monoculture was isolated in microbiological assay of material from the surgical wounds in 86% of patients. Staphylococci, enterobacteria and non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria were detected most often. Our results of microbiological assays point to the need for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.CONCLUSION. The infectious wound complications rate when using conventional methods of anterior abdominal wall ligature fistulas prevention and treatment is 17.4%, which makes it relevant to search for new methods of treatment and wound surface debridement; the author’s technique offered by us allowed to significantly reduce the wound complications rate.
Lymph-stimulating therapy in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome correction
Authors: Musaev A I , Usubakunov U E
Published: April 2016

Aim. To determine the effectiveness of indirect antibiotics and lymphotropic therapy for the systemic inflammatory response syndrome correction in patients who underwent abdominal surgery.Methods. There were two groups with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the postoperative period: 212 patients with various diseases of the abdominal cavity, who received conventional systemic complex therapy, and 146 patients whose complex treatment included antibiotics and lymphotropic therapy (administration of the cephalosporin antibiotics with lymphotropic mixture into the tibia subcutaneous tissue with the prior venous stasis creation). In both groups, patients with destructive forms of cholecystitis and appendicitis complicated by local or general peritonitis dominated. The dynamics of systemic inflammatory response syndrome clinical indicators, as well as laboratory parameters were assessed: the white blood cells count, leukocyte intoxication index, C-reactive protein and blood albumin. The data obtained on the 1st, 3rd and 5-6 days after surgery were analyzed.Results. In both groups clinical and laboratory symptoms positive dynamics was noted, which was more pronounced in the main group. In the control group leukocyte intoxication index increased on the third day and then decreased, but did not reach normal values on 10th day, while in the main group leukocyte intoxication index decreased already on the third day with its full normalization to 10th day. A faster normalization of white blood cell count, albumin level and C-reactive protein concentration decrease are also observed in the main group. Using indirect lymphotropic therapy was associated with reduction of postoperative complications and lethality rates.Conclusion. Lymphotropic therapy is an effective method of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome correction and can be recommended for the postoperative management of patients with abdominal surgery.
Analysis of HIV-infection incidence in women in the Tatarstan Republic
Authors: Agliullina S T , Khasanova G R , Nagimova F I , Stavropolskaya L V
Published: April 2016

Aim. To analyze the long-term dynamics and assess incidence territorial and age structure of infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-infection) in women in the Tatarstan Republic for the period from 1987 to 2015.Methods. Statistical and graphic-analytical methods were used. Intensive rates of HIV-infection incidence in women (aged 18 years and older), including certain age groups, were calculated and incidence territorial and age structure was analyzed. The incidence average prognostic index in 2016 and its possible maximum and minimum values were determined.Results.From 1996 to 2015 the incidence increased from 0.1 to 31.2 cases per 100 thousand female population. The incidence average prognostic index in 2016 was 37.2 per 100 thousand female population. In adult population (over 18 years) incidence structure the proportion of HIV-infected women in 2001 increased by 2.5 times: from 14.8±0.7% in 2001 to 36.3±1.3% in 2015 (pConclusion. Long-term dynamics of HIV-infection incidence in women in the Tatarstan Republic has a significant upward tendency; the shift to older age groups and significant rates variability by Republic districts in the incidence structure in women were revealed.
Longitudinal Student Research Competency: Comparing Online and Traditional Face-to-Face Learning Platforms
Authors: Brown Jodi Constantine , Park Hyun-Sun
Published: April 2016

This exploratory research compares longitudinal research self-efficacy and retention between a completely asynchronous Master of Social Work (MSW) online cohort and its traditional face-to-face counterpart. This study used a non-equivalent comparison groups design with two groups: online instruction only (n=16) and traditional face-to-face instruction (n=32), with pretest (Time 1), posttest (Time 2) and follow-up (Time 3) standardized measures of practice evaluation knowledge (PEKS) and research self-efficacy (RSES) in a beginning research methods course. Results indicate that students’ knowledge and research self-efficacy improved between pretest and posttest and remained significantly improved at follow-up one year later, with no significant difference between online learners and traditional face-to-face students. Students gain and maintain confidence in research methods and evaluation regardless of the learning platform utilized.
Active Learning Strategies and Instructor Presence in An Online Research Methods Course: Can we Decrease Anxiety and Enhance Knowledge?
Authors: Rapp-McCall Lisa Ann , Anyikwa Victoria
Published: April 2016

Research methods courses elicit more anxiety than usual for graduate social work students, and the online environment may pose an even greater challenge as the personal interaction between instructor and student is reduced or absent. It is therefore incumbent on research instructors to creatively engage students, reduce anxiety, and foster learning. There is a dearth of evidence, particularly regarding online education, explicating specific teaching strategies. This exploratory study sought to provide some answers. First-semester MSW students were invited to participate in a voluntary, anonymous, online survey at the end of a research methods course to determine which online teaching strategies were most effective in decreasing anxiety and increasing perception of knowledge. Strategies used in the class include asynchronous activities such as discussion questions, PowerPoint lectures, and email and telephone contact with instructors in addition to synchronous class sessions. Three tactics were rated by the 43 respondents as being most helpful for both decreasing anxiety and enhancing the perception of knowledge: personal contact with the instructor either via email, phone, and/or online meetings; the instructor’s synchronous class sessions; and active learning strategies employed during the synchronous class sessions. Implications for teaching and future research are discussed.
MÚSICA SEM FRONTEIRAS
Authors: Silva Draylton Siqueira
Published: April 2016

O Grupo de Sax do IFPB (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba) foi criado em setembro de 2007, a partir das aulas de artes ministradas pelo professor Draylton Siqueira Silva, em uma turma do Curso Técnico Integrado ao Ensino Médio em Eletrotécnica. O ensino musical no Brasil, ainda se encontra deficiente quanto a sua disponibilidade ao público. As instituições de ensino musical gratuitas existentes não atendem a demanda da procura por seus cursos, tendo que, na maioria das vezes, fazer algum tipo de seleção, subtraindo a oportunidade de estudar música de muitas pessoas. Nos últimos anos, houve disciplinas de educação artística subtraídas dos currículos do ensino público regular de nosso país (NASCIMENTO, 2006). Dentro desse contexto vem a idéia de aproximar a música instrumental, do jovem e do público em geral, despertando o gosto pela música instrumental, por meio de apresentações musicais didáticas. As atividades foram desenvolvidas a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, elaboração de materiais didáticos, tais como apresentação em PowerPoint, vídeo sobre o grupo; ensaios semanais e apresentações musicais, entre elas, Escola Municipal Celso Furtado 2015; Escola Municipal João Gadelha de Oliveira Filho em 2015.
INCLUSÃO DIGITAL DE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL
Authors: Salvino Ligiane Gomes Marinho , Rodrigues Nara Da Nóbrega , Silva Ericko Sousa e , Silva Daniele Dos Santos , Lócio Filho João Batista da Silva
Published: April 2016

Este trabalho descreve um relato de experiência no contexto de um projeto de extensão do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB), campus Patos. O projeto denominado Visão Falada se refere à inclusão digital de pessoas com deficiência visual, usuários do Centro de Atendimento Educacional Especializado Irmã Benigna, localizado na cidade de Patos. O trabalho está em execução desde 2013 e objetiva a independência virtual do grupo atendido. A partir da tecnologia assistiva Dosvox, o aluno é capacitado a usar o computador sem ajuda. Nesses três anos, 20 pessoas com idades entre 12 e 70 anos foram treinadas, algumas se destacando pelo alto grau de interesse e motivação diante das atividades propostas, o que as conduziu a avanços significativos, haja vista que o papel ativo do aluno, estimulado por meio de uma postura acolhedora dos extensionistas facilitadores, constituiu um aspecto essencial para o sucesso no processo de aprendizagem. Como resultado, grifamos uma maior autonomia desses sujeitos no que diz respeito ao uso do computador e, assim, inúmeras possibilidades e facilidades no cotidiano, com reflexos positivos a nível psicológico e social.C
IMPLANTAÇÃO DO NÚCLEO DE EXTENSÃO: DE MÃOS DADAS COM A COMUNIDADE - DESENVOLVENDO AÇÕES EDUCATIVAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE CABEDELO- PB
Authors: Lacerda Maria de Fátima Alves Figueiredo de , Andrade Luciana Trigueiro de , Carvalho Evelin Sarmento de , Lacerda Pedro Paulo Sampaio , Rêgo Ricardo Jorge Melo Rolim , Lira Andrea De Lucena , Leal Claudiana Maria da Silva
Published: April 2016

O núcleo de extensão DE MÃOS DADAS COM A COMUNIDADE: DESENVOLVENDO AÇÕES EDUCATIVAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE CABEDELO- PB tem o objetivo de capacitar as comunidades de Cabedelo, em especial o Jardim Camboinha, a partir do desenvolvimento de competências multidisplinares dos discentes concluintes dos cursos técnicos integrados em Recursos Pesqueiros e Pesca, quanto à cadeia do processamento de pescados/alimentos, desde a habilitação dos manipuladores quanto à higienização e elaboração de produtos pesqueiros até a reciclagem dos resíduos orgânicos pela compostagem, viabilizando a melhoria na qualidade de vida da comunidade por meio da inserção no mercado de trabalho. Foram ofertadas 24 capacitações divididas da seguinte maneira: 14 em Beneficiamento de Pescados/Alimentos; seis em Higiene na Manipulação de Alimentos/Pescados e quatro em Gestão de Resíduos Orgânicos, sendo disponibilizadas, em cada capacitação, 30 vagas. As capacitações foram realizadas parte nas instalações do IFPB Campus Cabedelo e parte na própria comunidade, junto aos nossos parceiros (ECIFA, CRAS de Cabedelo, Instituto Mar de Esperança - IME). Assim, beneficiou-se, diretamente, cerca de 300 pessoas da comunidade interna e externa ao IFPB Campus Cabedelo, em especial, do Jardim Camboinha, e 1500 pessoas de forma indireta, contribuindo, desse modo, para a melhoria na qualidade de vida da comunidade.
AÇÕES DE INFORMAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NO MUNICÍPIO DE SOUSA/PB: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Almeida Jobson Louis Santos de , Pereira Samuel Nunes , Santos Sezinando Brandão dos
Published: April 2016

Relata a vexperiência de um projeto de extensão realizado no município de Sousa, Estado da Paraíba, que teve o objetivo de realizar ações de informação e educação ambiental, propiciando o desenvolvimento de uma política de informação com responsabilidade social e o desenvolvimento de competências para acesso e uso da informação ambiental. As ações foram realizadas por meio de rádio educativa e distribuição de material informativo em instituições de ensino da região. Fruto de uma parceria entre o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba – Campus Sousa e o Centro de Ciências Jurídicas e Sociais da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, a principal contribuição do projeto à população local foi disponibilizar acesso às informações e aos conhecimentos produzidos sobre educação ambiental em ambas as instituições públicas de ensino, parceiras neste projeto de extensão, oportunizando, portanto, melhor convívio da população com as questões ambientais no semiárido paraibano.
ÓRBITA: UM EVENTO INTEGRADOR
Authors: Lacerda Martins Lúcio Maria Mônica , Camargo Mauricio , Alquete de Arreguy Babtista Turla Angela , Ferreira Angélica Lacerda , Da silva Freire Alexandra Rafaela
Published: April 2016

Órbita - Semana de Educação, Cultura, Ciência e Tecnologia é um evento anual do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB) – Campus Cabedelo que inclui atividades extensionistas e de pesquisa desenvolvidas no Campus e fora dele. Esse evento teve como objetivos a integração multidisciplinar, a divulgação da produção acadêmica do Campus nas áreas de extensão e pesquisa, a troca de experiências e saberes entre a comunidade acadêmica e a comunidade externa, bem como a divulgação de conhecimentos nas áreas de Recursos Pesqueiros, Meio Ambiente e Design Gráfico a partir de temas de interesses comuns. Além dos alunos do Campus, o Órbita envolveu servidores do IFPB, estudantes e professores da rede municipal de ensino de Cabedelo, comunidade externa e contou com a parceria das Secretarias de Saúde e Educação da Prefeitura Municipal de Cabedelo e da ONG Espaço Cidadão Famílias em ação - ECIFA. Em 2015, diversas atividades como o Experimentando Ciências, palestras, oficinas, apresentações de trabalhos de pesquisa e extensão entre outras foram realizadas durante os três dias de evento com grande participação dos alunos e comunidade externa nas atividades propostas. Vale a pena destacar que o Órbita é um evento no qual, os alunos deixam de ser espectadores e atuam diretamente na geração do conhecimento através da elaboração de seus projetos e oficinas, diversificando assim a metodologia tradicional de ensino-aprendizagem e se tornando uma ferramenta motivadora nesse processo. Ainda, pela primeira vez, houve o apoio financeiro da PROEXT, fundamental para a execução do evento.
Tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein: Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Hernández-Tiria María Camila , Salamanca-Mora Sonia , Cruz-Garnica Adriana
Published: April 2016

Objetivo: presentar el caso de una paciente con tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein, y hacer una revisión de la literatura respecto a su diagnóstico y tratamiento.

Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso de una paciente de 19 años de edad, con condiloma gigante de rápida evolución en la vulva, o tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein, a quien se le realiza vulvectomía parcial en un hospital de tercer nivel de referencia, ubicado en Bogotá, Colombia. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura registrada en las bases de datos Medline vía Pubmed, EBSCO, ProQuest y SciELO, del 2000 al 2015; se incluyeron artículos de revisión y reportes de casos. Se consultaron los artículos publicados en inglés y español con los siguientes términos MeSH: “condiloma gigante”, “Buschke-Lowenstein”.

Resultados: se identificaron 26 títulos, de los cuales se incluyeron 20 estudios. De ellos, 18 correspondierona reportes de caso, uno a una serie de casos y uno a un artículo de revisión. Su origen se encuentra frecuentemente ligado a la infección por VPH serotipos 6 y 11, y posee un bajo riesgo de malignidad. El diagnóstico se basa en la historia clínica y la exploración física, aunque el diagnóstico histopatológico es el patrón de oro. El tratamiento quirúrgico ha sido el más utilizado y se basa en la resección completa de la lesión. No hay información consistente sobre el tiempo libre de enfermedad.

Conclusión: el tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein constituye una entidad poco frecuente, cuyo abordaje diagnóstico requiere un alto índice de sospecha clínica. El tratamiento se basa en la resección completa de la lesión y, en algunas ocasiones, esta se acompaña de terapia adyuvante con el ánimo de disminuir las tasas de recurrencia. Se requieren más estudios que aborden el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de esta entidad.
Designing Cartoon as a Supplementary English Material for English Structure Subject
Authors: Putranti Sulistini Dwi , Mina Nurawati
Published: April 2016

Cartoon comes from an Italian word ‘Cartone’  meaning a large paper. It is designed not only as the media to describe daily activities, but also to entertain, criticize, provoke, and even to teach people. A lot of studies have been conducted regarding the implementation of cartoon in classroom or outside classroom context. It is proven that cartoon gives some positive attitudes in teaching students. However, the knowledge in how to design and utilize the cartoon based on teachers’ and/or students’ needs should be revealed. This article allows teachers and students to know the process and the basic principles of how a cartoon for learning is designed in the context of English Structure class. The method used in this study is design and development research. The result of this study is a cartoon entitled The Tragedy of Jayaprana which promotes the narrative text as the topic of the learning.
Using Hypnoteaching Strategy to Improve Students’ Writing Ability
Authors: Zuhri Dj Muhammad , Sukarnianti Sukarnianti
Published: April 2016

This research discusses about using hypnoteaching strategy to improve students’ writing ability. The objective of this research is to find out hypnoteaching strategy in improving students’ writing ability. The method used in this research was pre-experimental method by using one groups’ pretest-posttest design. The group was given pretest and posttest. Pretest was given to measure the students’ basic writing ability. After giving the pretest, taught to the students to apply hypnoteaching strategy. And the last, giving posttest, posttest was given to measure the treatments’ effect. The improvement of students’ writing ability is marked by the result of the posttest. In pretest, no one students is classified in good. After giving treatment at the experimental group, the result is 11 students get very good classification, 19 students get good classification, and only 1 student get fairly good classification. The application of hypnoteaching strategy is really helpful to improve the students’ writing ability because there was a significant writing achievement of the students after the treatment was conducted. The result of the students’ mean score and standard deviation after treatment of posttest was proved by the result of data analysis after being compare to the t-table (2.042) with t-test (80.79).
تعليم الصرف في مدرسة روضة الفتوحية الدينية بمعهد دار الأمين غامبيران بانجووانجي
Authors: Hamidah Noor Zinatul
Published: April 2016

الصرف أحد من عناصر اللغة العربية في عنصر التراكيب. والصرف قاعدة من قواعد اللغة العربية التي تهدف لمساعد الطلاب في اختيار الكلمة المطابقة عند ترتيب الجمل العربية ولتنمية المفردات العربية وكذلك لحفظ الكلام وصحة النطق والكتابة. ويحتاج الصرف لفهم المهارات في اللغة العربية  لأن الصرف علم يبحث عن تغيير الكلمة إلى الكلمة المختلفة وأصول الكلمة.ومن أهداف هذا البحث هي: 1) وصف الأساسية من تفضيل الصرف في مدرسة روضة الفتوحية الدينية بمعهد دار الأمين، 2) وصف عملية تعليم الصرف في مدرسة روضة الفتوحية الدينية بمعهد دار الأمين، 3) وصف المشكلات المواجهة في تعليم الصرف في مدرسة روضة الفتوحية الدينية بمعهد دار الأمين، 4) وصف المحاولات لحلّ المشكلات المواجهة في مدرسة روضة الفتوحية الدينية بمعهد دار الأمين.
Perfusion- and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the liver of healthy dogs
Authors: Del Chicca Francesca , Schwarz Andrea , Grest Paula , Kircher Patrick R.
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE To describe the perfusion and diffusion characteristics of the liver in healthy dogs as determined by morphological, perfusion-weighted, and diffusion-weighted MRI.

ANIMALS 11 healthy adult Beagles.

PROCEDURES Each dog was anesthetized and underwent morphological, perfusion-weighted, and diffusion-weighted MRI of the cranial aspect of the abdomen. On the MRI images, a region of interest (ROI) was established for each of 6 structures (aorta, caudal vena cava, portal vein, hepatic parenchyma, splenic parenchyma, and skeletal [epaxial] muscle). The signal intensity was determined, and a time-intensity curve was generated for each ROI. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated for the hepatic and splenic parenchyma in diffusion-weighted MRI images, and the normalized ADC for the liver was calculated as the ratio of the ADC for the hepatic parenchyma to the ADC for the splenic parenchyma. Dogs also underwent abdominal ultrasonography, and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirate samples and biopsy specimens were obtained from the liver for cytologic and histologic examination.

RESULTS Cytologic and histologic results suggested that the liver was clinically normal in all dogs. Perfusion-weighted MRI parameters varied among the 6 ROIs. The mean ± SD ADC of the hepatic parenchyma was 0.84 × 10−3 mm2/s ± 0.17 × 10−3 mm2/s, and the mean normalized ADC for the liver was 1.8 ± 0.4.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results provided preliminary baseline information about the diffusion and perfusion characteristics of the liver in healthy dogs. Additional studies on dogs of various breeds with and without hepatopathies are necessary to validate and refine these findings.
Ex vivo evaluation of the effect of various surgical procedures on blood delivery to the patellar tendon of dogs
Authors: Johnson Matthew D. , Shmon Cindy L. , Linn Kathleen A. , Singh Baljit
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of arthrotomy alone or in combination with osteotomy of the proximal portion of the tibia on blood delivery to the patellar tendon of dogs.

SAMPLE 24 canine cadavers.

PROCEDURES One hind limb from each cadaver was assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups: medial arthrotomy (MA; MA group), lateral arthrotomy (LA; LA group), MA and LA with tibial tuberosity transposition (MALA group), and MA with tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO; TPLO group). The contralateral hind limb served as the control sample. Contrast solution (barium [33%], India ink [17%], and saline [0.9% NaCl] solution [50%]) was injected through an 8F catheter inserted in the caudal portion of the abdominal aorta. Limbs were radiographed to allow examination of vascular filling. The patella, patellar tendon, and tibial crest were harvested, radiographed to allow examination of tissue vascular filling, and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Vessels perfused with contrast solution were counted in sections obtained from the proximal, middle, and distal regions of each patellar tendon.

RESULTS Vessel counts did not differ significantly among the 3 tendon regions. Compared with results for the control group, delivery of contrast solution to the patellar tendon was significantly decreased in the MALA and TPLO groups but was not changed in the MA or LA groups.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that surgical procedures used to treat cranial cruciate injuries (ie, TPLO) and patellar luxation decreased blood delivery to the patellar tendon of canine cadavers, at least acutely.
Evaluation of Veterinary Student Surgical Skills Preparation for Ovariohysterectomy Using Simulators: A Pilot Study
Authors: Read Emma K. , Vallevand Andrea , Farrell Robin M.
Published: April 2016

This paper describes the development and evaluation of training intended to enhance students' performance on their first live-animal ovariohysterectomy (OVH). Cognitive task analysis informed a seven-page lab manual, 30-minute video, and 46-item OVH checklist (categorized into nine surgery components and three phases of surgery). We compared two spay simulator models (higher-fidelity silicone versus lower-fidelity cloth and foam). Third-year veterinary students were randomly assigned to a training intervention: lab manual and video only; lab manual, video, and $675 silicone-based model; lab manual, video, and $64 cloth and foam model. We then assessed transfer of training to a live-animal OVH. Chi-square analyses determined statistically significant differences between the interventions on four of nine surgery components, all three phases of surgery, and overall score. Odds ratio analyses indicated that training with a spay model improved the odds of attaining an excellent or good rating on 25 of 46 checklist items, six of nine surgery components, all three phases of surgery, and the overall score. Odds ratio analyses comparing the spay models indicated an advantage for the $675 silicon-based model on only 6 of 46 checklist items, three of nine surgery components, and one phase of surgery. Training with a spay model improved performance when compared to training with a manual and video only. Results suggested that training with a lower-fidelity/cost model might be as effective when compared to a higher-fidelity/cost model. Further research is required to investigate simulator fidelity and costs on transfer of training to the operational environment.
In vitro production of bovine blastocyst with oocyte collected from abattoir ovary
Authors: Deb GK , Dey SR , Nahar TN , Khan MYA , Rahman MM
Published: April 2016

This study was designed to adopt in vitro embryo production (IVP) protocol using abattoir ovary. Ovaries were collected from local abattoir; cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs) were aspirated from 3 to 8 mm diameter follicles using a 10 ml disposable syringe attached with a 21G needle. The COCs were selected based on morphological characteristics and selected COCs were transferred into in vitro maturation (IVM) medium for 22 to 24 hrs. The matured COC were fertilized in vitro (IVF) using fresh semen capacitated through incubation with heparin sodium salt (20 ?g/ml). After IVF, the presumed denuded zygotes were cultured in in vitro culture medium-I (IVC-I) for 3 days. After 3 days, the ?8 cell embryos were transferred into IVC-II medium until day 8 of embryonic development (day 0: day of IVF). Cleavage and blastocyst development rates were evaluated at day 3 and day 7. The maturation rates of COC were examined through detection of first polar body and cumulus cell expansion. Results showed that 74.16 ± 5.49% of the total immature COCs were matured as detected by the presence of first polar body. The diameter of matured COC was 2.21 times higher than that of the immature COC. Moreover, about 64.30 ± 6.71% COC showed full expansion of their cumulus cell. The cleavage rate of presumed zygotes was 62.05 ± 7.07%. Among the cleaved embryos, 26.67 ± 11.78%, 10.84 ± 6.13%, 22.51 ± 9.57% and 39.98 ± 5.25% embryos were at 2-, 4-, 8- and 16 to 32-cell embryonic stages, respectively at day 3. Blastocyst development rates were 14.95 ± 4.39%. This study inferred that the BLRI adopted culture system supports development of bovine embryo in vitro.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (1): 31-35
Phenotypic characterization and productive potentialities of indigenous dwarf chicken of Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdaus AJM , Bhuiyan MSA , Hassin BM , Bhuiyan AKFH , Howlider MAR
Published: April 2016

The study was conducted to investigate the phenotypic features, morphometry and production potentialities of indigenous dwarf chicken (IDC) of Bangladesh under intensive management condition. A total of 48 females and 12 males were collected from different districts and the experiment was performed at BAU Poultry farm for a period of 75 weeks. The predominant plumage and skin color were black and white, respectively. The average shank length, shank circumference and live weight (28 weeks) in adult males and females were 7.5 and 4.69 cm, 6.28 and 3.69 cm, and 1.77±0.38 and 1.10±0.077 kg, respectively. The reduction of live weight for dwarf male and female chickens relative to their normal shanked counterparts (NSC) at same age was 12.91 and 16.91%, respectively. Hen day egg production, average egg weight, average feed intake and FCR (feed conversion ratio) of IDC were recorded 37.43%, 38.25 g, 69.57g and 4.58, respectively. The average age and weight at sexual maturity were recorded as 166.53 days and 1093 g, respectively. IDC consumed 11.13% less feed than NSC during 1-20 weeks. Survivability of IDC up to 0-8, 1-23 and 24-75 weeks of age were found 97.25, 94.90 and 95.24%, respectively. The study reveal that IDC had relatively lower adult weight and consumed less feed without affecting egg production compared to NSC under intensive management condition and could be exploited its potentiality for development of mini layer under semi-scavenging system of Bangladesh.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (1): 52-61
The Relationship between Age and Illness Duration in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Kidd Elizabeth , Brown Abigail , McManimen Stephanie , Jason Leonard , Newton Julia , Strand Elin
Published: April 2016

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating illness, but it is unclear if patient age and illness duration might affect symptoms and functioning of patients. In the current study, participants were categorized into four groups based upon age (under or over age 55) and illness duration (more or less than 10 years). The groups were compared on functioning and symptoms. Findings indicated that those who were older with a longer illness duration had significantly higher levels of mental health functioning than those who were younger with a shorter or longer illness duration and the older group with a shorter illness duration. The results suggest that older patients with an illness duration of over 10 years have significantly higher levels of mental health functioning than the three other groups. For symptoms, the younger/longer illness duration group had significantly worse immune and autonomic domains than the older/longer illness group. In addition, the younger patients with a longer illness duration displayed greater autonomic and immune symptoms in comparison to the older group with a longer illness duration. These findings suggest that both age and illness duration need to be considered when trying to understand the influence of these factors on patients.
Optimal Day-Ahead Scheduling of a Smart Distribution Grid Considering Reactive Power Capability of Distributed Generation
Authors: Yuan Rongxiang , Li Timing , Deng Xiangtian , Ye Jun
Published: April 2016

In the traditional paradigm, large power plants provide active and reactive power required for the transmission system and the distribution network purchases grid power from it. However, with more and more distributed energy resources (DERs) connected at distribution levels, it is necessary to schedule DERs to meet their demand and participate in the electricity markets at the distribution level in the near future. This paper proposes a comprehensive operational scheduling model to be used in the distribution management system (DMS). The model aims to determine optimal decisions on active elements of the network, distributed generations (DGs), and responsive loads (RLs), seeking to minimize the day-ahead composite economic cost of the distribution network. For more detailed simulation, the composite cost includes the aspects of the operation cost, emission cost, and transmission loss cost of the network. Additionally, the DMS effectively utilizes the reactive power support capabilities of wind and solar power integrated in the distribution, which is usually neglected in previous works. The optimization procedure is formulated as a nonlinear combinatorial problem and solved with a modified differential evolution algorithm. A modified 33-bus distribution network is employed to validate the satisfactory performance of the proposed methodology.
Glycated Albumin versus Glycated Hemoglobin as a Glycemic Indicator in Diabetic Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroki , Abe Masanori , Yoshida Yoshinori , Suzuki Hiroko , Maruyama Noriaki , Okada Kazuyoshi
Published: April 2016

Compared with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA) is superior in estimating glycemic control in diabetic patients on hemodialysis (HD). However, the better index for assessment of glycemic control in diabetic patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the impact of protein loss on GA are unknown. Twenty diabetic patients on HD were matched by age, sex, and baseline postprandial plasma glucose (PG) levels to 20 PD patients. PG, HbA1c, GA, and serum albumin levels were measured for six months. Protein loss in PD patients was estimated by measuring the protein concentration in the peritoneal dialysate and by 24 h urine collection. Although PG and HbA1c did not differ significantly between the groups, the PD group had significantly lower GA (17.8% versus 20.8%, p < 0.001) and GA/HbA1c ratio (2.95% versus 3.45%, p < 0.0001) than the HD group. Although the PG level correlated significantly with the GA levels in both groups, it was not correlated with the HbA1c levels in both groups. HbA1c level was negatively associated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) dose in both groups, whereas GA was not significantly associated with serum albumin, hemoglobin concentration, ESA dose, and protein loss. Multiple regression analysis identified GA as the only independent factor associated with PG in PD patients. Our results suggested that GA was not significantly associated with protein loss, hemoglobin, serum albumin, and ESA dose. Although GA might underestimate glycemic status, it provided a significantly better measure for estimating glycemic control than HbA1c, even in PD patients.
A Review on Grafting of Biofibers for Biocomposites
Authors: Wei Liqing , McDonald Armando
Published: April 2016

A recent increase in the use of biofibers as low-cost and renewable reinforcement for the polymer biocomposites has been seen globally. Biofibers are classified into: lignocellulosic fibers (i.e., cellulose, wood and natural fibers), nanocellulose (i.e., cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils), and bacterial cellulose, while polymer matrix materials can be petroleum based or bio-based. Green biocomposites can be produced using both biobased fibers and polymers. Incompatibility between the hydrophilic biofibers and hydrophobic polymer matrix can cause performance failure of resulting biocomposites. Diverse efforts have focused on the modification of biofibers in order to improve the performances of biocomposites. “Grafting” copolymerization strategy can render the advantages of biofiber and impart polymer properties onto it and the performance of biocomposites can be tuned through changing grafting parameters. This review presents a short overview of various “grafting” methods which can be directly or potentially employed to enhance the interaction between biofibers and a polymer matrix for biocomposites. Major grafting techniques, including ring opening polymerization, grafting via coupling agent and free radical induced grafting, have been discussed. Improved properties such as mechanical, thermal, and water resistance have provided grafted biocomposites with new opportunities for applications in specific industries.