bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A smart oyster mushroom cultivation using automatic fuzzy logic controller
Authors: Dipali Dakhole , Subramanian Thiruselvan , Kumaran G. Senthil
Published: July 2023

Oyster mushroom cultivation is an eco-friendly, profitable agribusiness because of its nutritious and medicinal value but it is labor-intensive, and it grows in a sensitive environment. It must use an autonomous environment control system to optimize and offer the necessary growing conditions. To optimize the temperature and humidity and consequently maximize mushroom production, a smart mushroom watering, monitoring, and controlling system using fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) have been developed. This study suggests installing an Internet of Things (IoT) node that uses DHT22 sensors, an ESP32 board, and relays to control actuators (sprinkler, cooling fan, humidifier, and heater) in a smart oyster mushroom house. The controller on sensing current temperature and humidity values using the fuzzy logic technique switches on/off the actuators automatically. The data collected at each IoT node is collected and visualized on the ThingSpeak platform. The computed response time for actuators using FLC is compared with that calculated using a simple ON-OFF method. The findings demonstrate that response time calculation using fuzzy logic is significantly accurate and faster than a simple ON-OFF approach. Additionally, the graphs created in live on ThingSpeak, demonstrate that the FLC algorithm is more robust and effective than the simple ON-OFF algorithm.
Pragmatic analysis of ECC based security models from an empirical perspective
Authors: Purohit Neha , Joshi Shubhalaxmi , Pande Milind , Lincke Susan
Published: July 2023

This paper provides a detailed discussion about currently proposed Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) models focusing on performance parameters such as Security, Complexity, Scalability, and cost of deployment. It was observed that Machine Learning optimizations including bio inspired computing, deep learning, and transformation models outperform other techniques. This discussion is extended via an empirical estimation of these models related to the performance metrics under different application scenarios. This paper also proposes the calculation of an ECC Performance Metric (EPM), which combines the evaluated parameter sets to identify ECC Models that can perform better under multiple operating scenarios.
A mathematical analysis of M-MIMO using ML based signal detection algorithms
Authors: Jaiman Akash , Kumar Arun , Sharma Himanshu , Gour Nidhi , Gour Nishant , Chakravarty Sumit
Published: July 2023

The advanced radio communication is being rapidly deploying in the world. Multiple Inputs and Multiple Outputs (MIMO) is limited to 8 Antennas at the base station already utilized in fourth generation(4G). Massive-MIMO (M-MIMO) has been gaining and anormal popularities for its characteristics and utilisation in 5G. The throughput of the system is significantly increased by utilizing maximum number of antennas at the BS. However, the detection of the original signal is considered a complex task in massive MIMO. Hence, in this article we introduce a novel QRM-MLD method with an aim to enhance the throughput with a low intricacy. Further we compared a proposed Machine learning (ML) based QRM-MLD with existing detection scheme the experimental result revealed that the QRM-MLD acquired a gain of 2DB as compound with conventional QRM-MLD.
Hash function and DSRC based secure communication protocol for VANET-WAVE architecture
Authors: Kumar Surender , Singh Vikram
Published: July 2023

The research and development community has recently become more interested in automotive adhoc networks due to their extensive application possibilities in traffic control and the social networking of automobiles. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-toinfrastructure (V2I) communication is made possible through vehicular adhoc networks. For safety and other reasons, vehicles connected by vehicular adhoc networks exchange messages. Particularly vulnerable to security and privacy breaches are safety messages. In every vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication exchange, information about the vehicle, the driver, and the authentication of transferred information are crucial considerations. A Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) protocol is incorporated with the Wireless Access Vehicular Environments architecture in the current communication. The DSRC protocol incorporates a secure key exchange method to encrypt and decrypt the basic safety messages sent between the vehicles at the receiving end. The end-to-end delay of the communications is barely changed, however the performance of the DSRC is slightly impacted by the encryption and decryption. Our findings demonstrate that, despite a modest drop in DSRC performance, our protocol is too secure for the BSM (Basic Safety Message) to be cracked.
Kaleidoscope Byung-Chul Han
Authors: Bittencourt Renato Nunes
Published: July 2023

he work of Byung-Chul Han rightfully gains prominence in the global philosophical scene. The most diverse topics of our challenging modernity are analysed by this provocative thinker, encompassing all philosophical spheres. Many consolidated views are deconstructed, and alternative proposals are highlighted for new understandings of today's world. Byung-Chul Han gives philosophical dignity to issues that directly involve our ways of life in an exhausted civilization. Discussing the fabric of the society of fatigue, the idea of positivity, the complexity of Burnout Syndrome, Infocracy, and other related themes, Byung-Chul Han articulates ontology, ethics, politics, economics, aesthetics, epistemology, and other discourses in a valuable exercise of transposing intellectual borders.
GETERR, 20 anos: a construção de um grupo de pesquisa-ação-participativa
Authors: Saquet Marcos Aurélio
Published: July 2023

Ao comemorar 20 anos, consideramos de alta relevância política refletir sobre a construção do Grupo de Estudos Territoriais (GETERR) – Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, identificando os principais projetos realizados, as teorias, os métodos e os conceitos utilizados, bem como, tentando conhecer limites e avanços no que se refere à pesquisa, ao ensino de graduação e pós-graduação e à extensão universitária. A partir do esforço de realizar (na relação pesquisador-pesquisador e pesquisador-estudante) um trabalho horizontal, transparente e dialógico, um dos resultados verificados está justamente na íntima relação que tentamos efetivar, desde 2002, entre ensino-pesquisa-extensão, esta última, em certo período, entendida como uma concepção voltada para a cooperação com os sujeitos de cada projeto e, mais recentemente, como pesquisa-ação-participativa, conforme tentaremos demonstrar ao longo deste texto.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA RESISTENCIA DE CEPAS BACTERIANAS AISLADAS DE AMBIENTES NOSOCOMIALES DE LA REGIÓN DE AZUERO
Authors: De La Cruz Alexis
Published: July 2023

Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la resistencia de cepas bacterianas aisladas y caracterizadas procedentes de ambientes nosocomiales, el mismo se realizó durante los meses de enero y junio de 2018. Se llevó a cabo en dos Nosocomios de la Región de Azuero, de donde se evaluó las siguientes salas: Cuidados Intensivos, Sala de Hospitalización de Hombres, Sala de Hospitalización de Mujeres y Cuarto de Urgencia. Las muestras fueron tomadas por la técnica de Q-Swab, para superficies inertes y por lavado de mano para superficies vivas; y posteriormente llevadas al laboratorio. Luego se inocularon en seis medios de cultivos selectivos, para ser caracterizadas y se les aplicó la prueba de antibiograma por la técnica de Kirby-Bauer. Se aislaron 23 cepas bacterias de las cuales 13 correspondieron a Staphylococcus spp, dos a Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Pseudomonas spp; y cuatro Proteus spp. Las cepas que presentaron mayor resistencia a los antibióticos fueron: Proteus spp y Staphylococcus spp con resistencia a cuatro antibióticos, Escherichia coli resistente a tres antibióticos, Enterobacter spp. resistente a dos antibióticos y Pseudomonas spp a un antibiótico. Los microorganismos que con mayor frecuencia se aislaron en ambos hospitales fueron: Levaduras (45 % para él HA y 64 % para HB), Staphylococcus spp. Los antibióticos que presentaron mayor resistencia en ambos hospitales fueron Claritromicina y Nitrofurantoina.
Teaching interpreting in times of Covid: perspectives, experience and satisfaction
Authors: Castillo-Rodríguez Cristina , Toledo-Báez Cristina , Seghiri Miriam
Published: July 2023

Technological tools have complemented face-to-face instructions at university from the beginning of the 21st century. However, COVID-19 pandemic forced many faculty members to switch rapidly, and without any specific training, to an emergency remote teaching. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impressions of Spanish faculty members teaching interpreting in an online mode. A total of 65 faculty members answered a semi-structured online survey, covering the 80.8% of all the Spanish universities where interpreting subjects are taught. The results revealed some pitfalls derived mainly from the lack of physical issues (booth, body language evaluation), absence of human contact, lack of suitable technology, more teaching hours, cognitive load, lack of concentration, and students monitoring. However, the benefits detected were more self-practice, more attendance to sessions, and the preparation of students for a remote interpreting, taking into account that this will be the future of professional language interpreting practice.
Predictive modeling of cave entrance locations: relationships between surface and subsurface morphology
Authors: Blitch William , Sovie Adia , Tobin Benjamin
Published: July 2023

Cave entrances directly connect the surface and subsurface geomorphology in karst landscapes. Understanding the spatial distribution of these features can help identify areas on the landscape that are critical to flow in the karst groundwater system. Sinkholes and springs are major locations of inflow and outflow from the groundwater system, respectively, however not all sinkholes and springs are equally connected to the main conduit system. Predicting where on the landscape zones of high connectivity exist is a challenge because cave entrances are difficult to detect and imperfectly documented. Wildlife research has a similar issue of understanding the complexities of where a given species is likely to exist on a landscape given incomplete information and presence-only data. Species distribution models can address some of these issues to create accurate predictions of species or event occurrence across the landscape. Here we apply a species distribution model, MaxEnt, to predict cave entrance locations in three geomorphic regions of Kentucky. We built the models with cave locations from the Kentucky Speleological Survey database and landscape predictor variables, including distance from sinkholes, distance from springs, distance from faults, elevation, lithology, slope, and aspect. All three regional models predict cave locations well with the most important variables for predicting cave entrance locations consistent between models. Throughout all three models, sinkholes and springs had the largest influence on the likelihood of cave entrance presence. This unique use of species distribution modeling techniques shows that they are potentially valuable tools to understand spatial patterns of other landscape features that are either ephemeral or difficult to identify using standard techniques.
Religion and Value Education: Examining Variations and Convergences for Curriculum Implications
Authors: Olufowobi Oludare Okikiola , Quadri Y. Ayodele
Published: July 2023

Religion has been variously assumed as an effective tool of values education as religion is conceived as superior source of values rather than that of social criterion and self. This paper examines the correctness of this assumption in the light of the values that religion portrays and in terms of its features, worldviews and its absolutism. Could it be an effective medium in a multi-cultural, plural and mono-cultural social milieu? These were interrogated using the philosophical tools of speculation, analysis and prescription. This paper concludes that religion tends to stand in contra in providing the basis for effective and relevant values education which by its nature encourages critical, rational and reflective choice in values decisions in societies that are dynamic due to its conflicting and absolutist approaches. Rather, religion, it is suggested, could be taught as comparative study for ease of better societal engagements. It is recommended that value education should be based on social criterion and critical reasoning
ANALISIS PENGARUH TUNJANGAN KINERJA, PELATIHAN DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DEPUTI BIDANG REHABILITASI DAN REKONSTRUKSI, BADAN NASIONAL PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA
Authors: Ramad Yuliarto
Published: July 2023

This research was conducted at the Deputy for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, National Disaster Management Agency. This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of performance allowance, training and work motivation on employee performance at the Deputy for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, National Disaster Management Authority. t statistic value for performance allowances is 2.026 > t table 1.997, so the conclusion is that performance allowances have an effect on improving employee performance. t statistic value for training is 1.059 < t table 1.997, the conclusion is that training has no effect on improving employee performance. t statistic value for work motivation is 5.240 > t table 1.997, so the conclusion is that work motivation has an effect on increasing employee performance. F statistic value is 24.050 > F table 2.742, the conclusion is performance benefits, training and work motivation simultaneously (together) have an effect on improving employee performance, these three variables can be used to predict employee performance. R Square (coefficient of determination) is 0.522, this condition shows that the effect of performance allowances, training and work motivation in improving employee performance is 52.2 percent, the remaining 47.8 percent is influenced by other factors not tested in this research.
Impacts of reducing scattering and absorbing aerosols on the temporal extent and intensity of South Asian summer monsoon and East Asian summer monsoon
Authors: Fang Chenwei , Haywood Jim M. , Liang Ju , Johnson Ben T. , Chen Ying , Zhu Bin
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The vast majority of reductions in aerosol emissions are projected to take place in the near future; however, associated impacts on the large-scale
circulation over the populated Asian monsoon region remain uncertain. Using the state-of-the-art UK Earth System Model version 1 (UKESM1), this
study examines the response of the South Asian summer monsoon and East Asian summer monsoon (SASM and EASM, respectively) to idealized reductions in anthropogenic emissions of
carbonaceous aerosols and SO2. The analysis focuses on changes in the monsoon temporal extent and intensity of precipitation following
decreases in either scattering (SCT) or absorbing (ABS) aerosols or decreases in both. For SCT, the combination of the early transition of land–sea
thermal contrast and sea level pressure gradient during the pre-monsoon season, together with the late transition in the post-monsoon season
associated with the tropospheric warming, advances the monsoon onset but delays its withdrawal, which leads to an extension of the summer rainy
season across South Asia and East Asia. The northward shift of the upper-tropospheric Asian jet forced by the SCT reduction causes the anomalous
convergence of tropospheric moisture and low-level ascent over northern India and eastern China. The intensification of the South Asian high (SAH)
due to the warming over land also contributes to the dynamic instability over Asia. These changes enhance the rainy season of these regions in
boreal summer. Reductions in absorbing aerosol act in the opposite sense, making the Asia's rainy season shorter and weaker due to the opposite
impacts on land–sea contrast, Asian jet displacement and SAH intensity. With reductions in both SCT and ABS aerosol together the monsoon systems
intensify, as the overall impact is dominated by aerosol scattering effects and results in the strengthening of monsoon precipitation and
850 hPa circulation. Although aerosol scattering and absorption play quite different roles in the radiation budget, their effects on the
monsoon precipitation seem to add almost linearly. Specifically, the patterns of monsoon-related large-scale responses from reducing both SCT and
ABS together are similar to the linear summation of separate effect of reducing SCT or ABS alone; this is despite the inherent nonlinearity of the
atmospheric systems. The opposing adjustments of Asian rainy season forced by the ABS and SCT aerosol emission reductions suggest that emission
controls that target factors like emissions of black carbon that warm the climate would have a different response to those that target overall aerosol
emissions.
Aerosol retrieval over snow using RemoTAP
Authors: Zhang Zihan , Fu Guangliang , Hasekamp Otto
Published: July 2023

Abstract. In order to conduct accurate aerosol retrieval over snow, the Remote Sensing of Trace Gases and Aerosol Products (RemoTAP) algorithm developed by SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research is extended with a Bi-directional Reflection Distribution Function (BRDF) for snow surfaces. The capability of the extended algorithm is validated with both synthetic measurements and real satellite measurements from PARASOL and a comparison has been made to retrievals with the baseline RemoTAP (without snow kernel). For retrievals on real PARASOL observations, we use pixels over AERONET stations for validation and we use the MODIS snow cover products to identify pixels over snow. We evaluate the retrieved aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 550 nm (𝜏550), single-scattering albedo (SSA) at 550 nm (𝜔550), and Angstrom exponent (AE) for 440 nm – 870 nm (AE440−870). Both the experiments with synthetic- and real data show that the extended RemoTAP maintains capability on snow-free pixels and has obvious advantages on accuracy and fraction of successful retrievals for retrieval over snow, especially over surfaces with snow cover > 75 %. According to the real data experiment, we find that the retrieval algorithm has difficulty in fitting the PARASOL 1020 nm band, where snow reflectance is significantly lower than that for the visible bands. When we perform a 4-band retrieval (490 nm, 565 nm, 670 nm, 865 nm) with the extended RemoTAP, we obtain a good retrieval result for 𝜏550, 𝜔550 and AE440−870. Therefore, the 4-band retrieval with the extended RemoTAP is recommended for aerosol retrieval over snow.
An improved OMI ozone profile research product version 2.0 with collection 4 L1b data and algorithm updates
Authors: Bak Juseon , Liu Xiong , Yang Kai , Gonzalez Abad Gonzalo , O'Sullivan Ewan , Chance Kelly , Kim Cheol-Hee
Published: July 2023

Abstract. We describe the new and improved version (V2) of the ozone profile research product from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura satellite. One of the major changes is to switch the OMI L1b data from collection 3 to the recent collection 4 as well as the accompanying auxiliary datasets. The algorithm details are updated on radiative transfer (RT) model calculation and measurement calibrations, along with the input changes of meteorological data, and with the use of a tropopause-based ozone profile climatology, an improved high-resolution solar reference spectrum, and a recent ozone absorption cross-section dataset. A super Gaussian is applied to better represent OMI slit functions, instead of a normal Gaussian. The effect of slit function errors on the spectral residuals is further accounted for as pseudo absorbers in the iterative fit process. The OMI irradiances are averaged into monthly composites to reduce noise uncertainties in OMI daily measurements and to cancel out the common degradation of radiance and irradiance measurements which was previously neglected due to use of climatological composites. The empirical soft calibration spectra are re-derived to be consistent with the updated implementations and derived annually to remove the time-dependent systematic biases between measured and simulated radiances. The “common mode” correction spectra are derived from remaining residual spectra after soft calibration as a function of solar zenith angle. The common mode is included as a pseudo absorber in the iterative fit process, which helps to reduce the discrepancies of ozone retrieval accuracy between lower and higher solar zenith angles and between nadir and off-nadir pixels. Validation with ozonesonde measurements demonstrates the improvements of ozone profile retrievals in the troposphere, especially around the tropopause. The retrieval quality of tropospheric column ozone is improved with respect to the seasonal consistency between winter and summer as well as the long-term consistency before and after the row-anomaly occurrence.
Stratospheric aerosol characteristics from SCIAMACHY limb observations: 2-parameter retrieval
Authors: Pohl Christine , Wrana Felix , Rozanov Alexei , Deshler Terry , Malinina Elizaveta , von Savigny Christian , Rieger Landon A. , Bourassa Adam E. , Burrows John P.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Stratospheric aerosols play a key role in atmospheric chemistry and climate. Their particle size is a crucial factor controlling the microphysical, radiative, and chemical aerosol processes in the stratosphere. Despite its importance, available observations on aerosol particle size are rather sparse. This limits our understanding and knowledge about the mechanisms and importance of chemical and climate aerosol feedbacks. The retrieval described by Malinina et al. (2018) provides the stratospheric particle size distribution (PSD) from SCIAMACHY limb observations in the tropics. This algorithm has now been improved and extended to work on the entire globe. Two PSD parameters of a unimodal lognormal PSD, the median radius and the geometric standard deviation, are retrieved between 18 and 35 km altitude from SCIAMACHY limb observations by a multi-wavelength non-linear regularized inversion. This assumes a fixed number density profile. The extinction coefficient and the effective radius are calculated. The effective Lambertian surface albedo pre-retrieved from coinciding SCIAMACHY nadir observations is integrated into the retrieval algorithm to mitigate the influence of the surface albedo on the retrieval results. The aerosol characteristics from SCIAMACHY are compared with in-situ balloon-borne measurements from Laramie, Wyoming, and retrievals from the satellite instruments SAGE II, SAGE III, and OSIRIS. In the northern hemisphere, the median radius differs by less than 27 % and the geometric standard deviation by less than 11 % from both balloon-borne and SAGE III data. Differences are mainly attributed to errors in the assumed a priori number density profile. Globally, the SCIAMACHY extinction coefficients at 750 nm deviate by less than 35 % from SAGE II, SAGE III, and OSIRIS data. The effective radius from SCIAMACHY, balloon-borne measurements, and SAGE III agree within about 18 % while the effective radius based on SAGE II measurements is systematically larger. The novel data set containing the effective radius and the aerosol extinction coefficient at 525, 750, and 1020 nm from SCIAMACHY observations is publicly available.
Tethered balloon-borne observations of thermal-infrared irradiance and cooling rate profiles in the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer
Authors: Lonardi Michael , Akansu Elisa F. , Ehrlich André , Mazzola Mauro , Pilz Christian , Shupe Matthew D. , Siebert Holger , Wendisch Manfred
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Clouds play an important role in controlling the radiative energy budget of the Arctic atmospheric boundary layer. To quantify their impact on diabatic heating or cooling of the atmosphere and of the surface, vertical profile observations of thermal-infrared irradiances were collected using a tethered balloon. We present 70 profiles of thermal-infrared radiative quantities measured in summer 2020 at the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition, and in autumn 2021 and spring 2022 in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Measurements are classified into four groups: cloudless, low-level liquid-bearing cloud, elevated liquid-bearing cloud, and elevated ice cloud. Cloudless cases display a radiative cooling rate of about -2 K day-1. Observed low-level liquid-bearing clouds are characterized by a radiative cooling up to -80 K day-1 in a shallow layer at cloud top. Radiative transfer simulations are performed to quantify the sensitivity of radiative cooling rates to cloud microphysical properties. In particular, cloud top cooling has a strong response to variation of the liquid water path, especially in optically thin clouds, while for optically thick clouds the cloud droplet number concentration has an increased relative importance. Two case studies with a changing cloud cover are presented to investigate the temporal evolution of radiation profiles during the transitions between (a) cloudy to cloudless and (b) low-level to elevated clouds. Additional radiative transfer simulations are used to reproduce the observed scenarios and to showcase the radiative impacts of elevated liquid and ice clouds, demonstrating the increased radiative significance of the liquid clouds.
Opinion: Can uncertainty in climate sensitivity be narrowed further?
Authors: Sherwood Steven , Forest Chris
Published: July 2023

Abstract. After many years with little change in community views on Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS), in 2021 the IPCC concluded that it was much better known than previously, supported by a major assessment the previous year. This development underpinned increased confidence in long-term climate changes in that report. Here, we place this development in historical context, briefly assess progress since then, and discuss the challenges and opportunities for further improving our knowledge of this iconic concept. We argue that the probability distributions published in those assessments are still approximately valid; while various subsequent studies have claimed further narrowing, they have omitted important structural uncertainties that should be included. The distributions could nonetheless be narrowed in the future, particularly through better understanding of certain climate processes and paleoclimate proxies. Not all touted strategies are truly helpful, however. We also note that as increasingly strong mitigation (i.e., “net-zero”) scenarios are considered, ECS becomes less informative about future climate change compared to other factors such as aerosol radiative forcing, carbon cycle and vegetation processes, and influences on regional change such as ocean dynamics.
Decadal growth in emission load of major air pollutants in Delhi
Authors: Sahu Saroj Kumar , Mangaraj Poonam , Beig Gufran
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The Indian capital megacity of Delhi is reeling under deteriorating air quality, and
control measures are not yielding any significant changes, mainly due to a
poor understanding of sources of emissions; hence, priority option in
mitigation planning is lacking. In this paper, we have made an attempt to
develop a spatially resolved technological high-resolution gridded
(∼0.4km×0.4km) emission inventory for eight major
pollutants of the Delhi region where high-resolution activity data of all
possible major and unattended minor sources are generated by organizing a
mega-campaign involving hundreds of volunteers. It is for the first time that we
are able to estimate the decadal growth in emissions of various pollutants
by comparing newly developed 2020 emissions with SAFAR (System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research) emissions of 2010
using the identical methodology and quantum of activity data. The estimated
annual emissions for PM2.5, PM10, CO, NOx, VOC, SO2, BC,
and OC over the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR) are estimated to be 123.8, 243.6, 799.0, 488.9, 730.0, 425.8, 33.6, and 20.3 Gg yr−1,
respectively, for the year 2020. The decadal growth (2010–2020) in PM2.5
and PM10 is found to be marginal at 31 % and 3 %, respectively. The
maximum growth is found to be in the transport sector followed by the
industrial and other sectors. Maximum decadal growth found for the pollutants
BC, OC, and NOx is 57 %, 34 %, and 91 %, respectively. The decadal
shift of sectorial emissions with changing policies is examined. The
complete dataset is available on Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7715595 (Sahu et al., 2023).
Monitoring the regional Ocean Heat Content change over the Atlantic Ocean with the space geodetic approach
Authors: Rousseau Victor , Fraudeau Robin , Hammond Matthew , Houndegnonto Odilon Joël , Ablain Michaël , Blazquez Alejandro , Calafat Fransisco Mir , Desbruyères Damien , Foti Giuseppe , Llovel William , Marti Florence , Meyssignac Benoît , Restano Marco , Benveniste Jérôme
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The estimation of the regional Ocean Heat Content (OHC) is essential for climate analysis and future climate predictions. In this study, we propose a method to estimate and propagate uncertainties in regional OHC changes. The OHC is estimated with space geodetic steric data corrected from salinity variations estimated with in situ measurements. A variance-covariance matrix method is used to propagate uncertainties from space geodetic data to the OHC change. The integrated OHC change over the Atlantic basin is 0.17 W m-2  which represents 21 % of the global OHC trend, with significant trends observed in 52 % of the Atlantic basin. Uncertainties in OHC trends are mainly attributed to manometric sea level change uncertainties. We validate our space geodetic OHC estimates at two test sites, representing the subtropical and subpolar regions of the North Atlantic, highlighting their importance in understanding climate dynamics. Our results show good agreement between space geodetic estimates and in situ measurements in the North Atlantic region. The space geodetic OHC trends reveal a warming pattern in the southern and western parts of the North Atlantic, particularly in the Gulf Stream region, while the northeastern part exhibits cooling trends. Overall, our study provides valuable insights and a new framework to estimate regional OHC change and its uncertainties, contributing to a better understanding of the Earth's climate system and its future projections. The space geodetic OHC change product (version 1.0) is freely available at https://doi.org/10.24400/527896/a01-2022.012 (Magellium/LEGOS, 2022)
Data space inversion for efficient uncertainty quantification using an integrated surface and sub-surface hydrologic model
Authors: Delottier Hugo , Doherty John , Brunner Philip
Published: July 2023

Abstract. It is incumbent on decision-support hydrological modelling to make predictions of uncertain quantities in a decision-support context. In
implementing decision-support modelling, data assimilation and uncertainty quantification are often the most difficult and time-consuming
tasks. This is because the imposition of history-matching constraints on model parameters usually requires a large number of model runs. Data space
inversion (DSI) provides a highly model-run-efficient method for predictive uncertainty quantification. It does this by evaluating covariances
between model outputs used for history matching (e.g. hydraulic heads) and model predictions based on model runs that sample the prior parameter
probability distribution. By directly focusing on the relationship between model outputs under historical conditions and predictions of system
behaviour under future conditions, DSI avoids the need to estimate or adjust model parameters. This is advantageous when using integrated surface
and sub-surface hydrologic models (ISSHMs) because these models are associated with long run times, numerical instability and ideally complex
parameterization schemes that are designed to respect geological realism. This paper demonstrates that DSI provides a robust and efficient means of
quantifying the uncertainties of complex model predictions. At the same time, DSI provides a basis for complementary linear analysis that allows the worth of available observations to be
explored, as well as of observations which are yet to be acquired. This allows for the design of highly
efficient, future data acquisition campaigns. DSI is applied in conjunction with an ISSHM representing a synthetic but realistic river–aquifer
system. Predictions of interest are fast travel times and surface water infiltration. Linear and non-linear estimates of predictive uncertainty based
on DSI are validated against a more traditional uncertainty quantification which requires the adjustment of a large number of parameters. A
DSI-generated surrogate model is then used to investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of existing and possible future monitoring networks. The
example demonstrates the benefits of using DSI in conjunction with a complex numerical model to quantify predictive uncertainty and support data
worth analysis in complex hydrogeological environments.
High-resolution multi-scaling of outdoor human thermal comfort and its intra-urban variability based on machine learning
Authors: Briegel Ferdinand , Wehrle Jonas , Schindler Dirk , Christen Andreas
Published: July 2023

Abstract. As the frequency and intensity of heat waves will continue to increase in the future, accurate and high-resolution mapping and forecasting of human outdoor thermal comfort in urban environments is of great importance. This study presents a machine learning based outdoor thermal comfort model with a good trade-off between computational cost, complexity, and accuracy compared to common numerical urban climate models. The machine learning approach is basically an emulation of different numerical urban climate models. The final model consists of four sub-models that predict air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and mean radiant temperature based on meteorological forcing and geospatial data on building form, land cover, and vegetation. These variables are then combined into a thermal index (Universal Thermal Climate Index – UTCI). All four sub-model predictions and the final model output are evaluated using street-level measurements from a dense urban sensor network in Freiburg, Germany. The final model has a mean absolute error of 2.3 K. Based on a city-wide simulation for the city of Freiburg we demonstrate that the model is fast and versatile enough to simulate multiple years at hourly timesteps to predict street-level UTCI at 1 m spatial resolution for an entire city. Simulations indicate that neighborhood-averaged thermal comfort conditions vary widely between neighborhoods, even if they are attributed to the same local climate zones, e.g. due to differences in age and degree of urban vegetation. Simulations also show contrasting differences in the location of hot spots during the day and at night.
Deep learning applied to CO2 power plant emissions quantification using simulated satellite images
Authors: Dumont Le Brazidec Joffrey , Vanderbecken Pierre , Farchi Alban , Broquet Grégoire , Kuhlmann Gerrit , Bocquet Marc
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The quantification of emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants through the inversion of plumes in satellite images remains a complex problem that current methods can only assess with significant uncertainties. The anticipated launch of the CO2M satellite constellation in 2026 is expected to provide high-resolution images of CO2 column-averaged mole fractions (XCO2), opening up new possibilities. However, the inversion of future CO2 plumes from CO2M will encounter various obstacles. A challenge is the CO2 plume low signal-to-noise ratio, due to the variability of the background and instrumental errors in satellite measurements. Moreover, uncertainties in the transport and dispersion processes further complicate the inversion task. To address these challenges, deep learning techniques, such as neural networks, offer promising solutions for retrieving emissions from plumes in XCO2 images. Deep learning models can be trained to identify emissions from plume dynamics simulated using a transport model. It then becomes possible to extract relevant information from new plumes and predict their emissions. In this paper, we employ convolutional neural networks (CNN) to estimate the emission fluxes from a plume in a pseudo XCO2 image. Our dataset used to train and test such methods includes pseudo images based on simulations of hourly XCO2, NO2 and wind fields near various power plants in Eastern Germany, tracing plumes from anthropogenic and biogenic sources. CNN models are trained to predict emissions from three power plants that exhibit diverse characteristics. The power plants used to assess the deep learning model's performance are not used to train the model. We find that the CNN model outperforms state of the art plume inversion approaches, achieving highly accurate results with an absolute error about half of that of the cross-sectional flux method. Furthermore, we show that our estimations are only slightly affected by the absence of NO2 fields or a detection mechanism as additional information. Finally, interpretability techniques applied to our models confirm that the CNN automatically learns to identify the XCO2 plume and to assess emissions from the plume concentrations. These promising results suggest a high potential of CNNs in estimating local CO2 emissions from satellite images.
Climate-warming-driven changes in the cryosphere and their impact on groundwater–surface-water interactions in the Heihe River basin
Authors: Triplett Amanda , Condon Laura E.
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The Heihe River basin in northwest China depends heavily
on both anthropogenic and natural storage (e.g., surface reservoirs, rivers and
groundwater) to support economic and environmental functions. The Qilian
Mountain cryosphere in the upper basin is integral to recharging these
storage supplies. It is well established that climate warming is driving
major shifts in high-elevation water storage through loss of glaciers and
permafrost. However, the impacts on groundwater–surface-water interactions
and water supply in corresponding lower reaches are less clear. We built an
integrated hydrologic model of the middle basin, where most water usage
occurs, in order to explore the hydrologic response to the changing
cryosphere. We simulate the watershed response to loss of glaciers (glacier scenario),
advanced permafrost degradation (permafrost scenario), both of these changes simultaneously (combined scenario) and
projected temperature increases in the middle basin (warming scenario) by altering
streamflow inputs to the model to represent cryosphere-melting processes, as
well as by increasing the temperature of the climate forcing data. Net
losses to groundwater storage in the glacier scenario and net gains in the permafrost and combined scenarios show
the potential of groundwater exchanges to mediate streamflow shifts. The
result of the combined scenario also shows that permafrost degradation has more of an
impact on the system than glacial loss. Seasonal differences in
groundwater–surface-water partitioning are also evident. The glacier scenario has
the highest fraction of groundwater in terms of streamflow in early spring. The
permafrost and combined scenarios meanwhile have the highest fraction of streamflow
infiltration in late spring and summer. The warming scenario raises the temperature
of the combined scenario by 2 ∘C. This results in net groundwater storage
loss, a reversal from the combined scenario. Large seasonal changes in
evapotranspiration and stream network connectivity relative to the combined scenario show the
potential for warming to overpower changes resulting from streamflow. Our
results demonstrate the importance of understanding the entire system of
groundwater–surface-water exchanges to assess water resources under
changing climatic conditions. Ultimately, this analysis can be used to
examine the cascading impact of climate change in the cryosphere on the
resilience of water resources in arid basins downstream of mountain ranges
globally.
Cuerpo propio sobre cuerpo patrio: deporte, sexo y pertenencia en la imaginación marginal de El cuerpo en que nací, de G. Nettel
Authors: Estrada Orozco Luis Miguel
Published: July 2023

El cuerpo en que nací, de Guadalupe Nettel, se instala en la tradición mexicana de los textos autobiográficos que responde a lo que Claudia Gutiérrez Piña identifica como una tradición de textos desde el yo que parte con las “Autobiografías precoces” de la década de 1960, y sirven tanto como para posicionar editorialmente a autores mexicanos, como para jugar literariamente con los límites del género autobiográficos (en este caso, “autonarrativos”, como discute Cynthia Olguín). Nettel elige narrar el cuerpo propio por encima del cuerpo patrio. La forma híbrida y personal de Nettel visibiliza el cuerpo no-normativo (cuerpo femenino y discapacitado, como ha observado Lilia A. Pérez Limón); además, su observación de los cuerpos desplazados por dictaduras del Cono Sur, la crítica a la generación que vivió los movimientos sociales de las décadas de 196 y 1970, y la experiencia personal de la movilidad de clase y categoría étnica en los desplazamientos entre Francia y México de la narradora proponen la experiencia íntima y corporal por encima del discurso consitutivo del cuerpo nacional.
Espacio, cuerpo y desplazamiento por Cuba y la órbita soviética en las narraciones de Anna Lidia Vega Serova (Ánima Fatua e Imperio doméstico) y de Maité Hernández-Lorenzo (Las memorias vacías de Solange Bañuelos)
Authors: Jeftanovic Andrea
Published: July 2023

Este ensayo explora la relación entre espacio y desplazamiento en las narrativas de dos escritoras: Anna Lidia Vega Serova y Maité Hernández-Lorenzo. Particularmente en los títulos Ánima Fatua e Imperio doméstico de la primera y Las memorias vacías de Soledad Bañuelos de la segunda. Ambas autoras cubanas comparten una narrativa que pone en el centro al cuerpo de las mujeres que registran desplazamientos por ciudades de la órbita soviética –pertenecientes a Rusia y Polonia– y luego, al cuerpo atrapado o confinado en la ciudad de La Habana durante el llamado Período Especial (1991-1995).
Destejiendo fronteras literarias en la poesía actual de mujeres en Chile
Authors: Moraga Fernanda , Nómez Naín
Published: July 2023

Este artículo se focaliza en el estudio de la poesía de mujeres escrita en los años 80 en plena dictadura y en la postdictadura en Chile, en la perspectiva del uso que hacen de géneros referenciales como son los casos del testimonio, la memoria, la autobiografía, la crónica y el diario, entre otros; construyendo espacios fronterizos. Estos géneros considerados como narrativos, desplazan el eje de lo poético ampliando sus fronteras como escrituras enmarcadas dentro de una textualidad que incluye el mosaico, el fragmento, el collage entre otras formas, cuestionando la historia de la tradición lírica. Desde este punto de vista, se explora la poesía de mujeres en tres momentos: de 1982/83 a 1994/95; de 1994/95 a 2004/2005 y de 2004/2005 hasta 2019. En cada uno de ellos, se revisan algunos libros que consideramos son significativos para lo que aquí proponemos, deteniéndonos especialmente en poemarios de Carmen Berenguer, Maha Vial e Ivonne Coñuecar.
Eğitim Yönetiminde Temel Hak ve Özgürlükler Düşüncesinin Demokratik Eğitim Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi
Authors: Özalp Serpil
Published: July 2023

Democracy is a management system that protects human rights and freedoms at a high level and is open to development. The more democratic a modern government is, the more rights people have, the more freedom and equal opportunities they enjoy, the understanding has forced countries to use this concept and has created the ideal of a democratic management system. Many countries around the world have tried to implement democracy governance by replacing their management systems with the concept of democracy. A critical question also arises here. Would it be more democratic for countries to write democracy into their administrative systems, define democracy as they see fit and create their own institutions? Unfortunately, most countries have not grasped the essence and logic of democracy and have planned to manage democracy with structural reforms and institutions. Democracy is based not only on laws, but also on political culture. The object of democracy refers to the conceptual features of the knowledge of democracy. Democratic skills include skills that include the concept of democracy and the application of these skills in everyday life. Democratic attitude, on the other hand, refers to democratic attitudes and positions towards democratic values through the acquisition of democratic skills. If we compare the two classifications, the democratic object corresponds to the cognitive dimension, the democratic skill corresponds to the psychomotor dimension, and the democratic position corresponds to the emotional dimension. Effective and continuous education of people in democratic attitudes, skills and values requires the existence of a democratic educational environment. Many researchers agree that there can be no democratic education without creating a democratic learning environment, that is, an educational environment dominated by a culture of democracy. If democratic education refers to the process of acquiring democratic knowledge, skills and values of an individual, democratic education also means learning in a democratic environment and from people with democratic views. Democratic education is defined as an active, functional education whose goals, programs and methods are defined according to the basic principles of democracy, which values and attaches great importance to the value and integrity of the student as an individual. Key Words: Educational Administration, Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, Democratic Education
The Impact of Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Antigen-4 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Effectiveness of Ipilimumab and Patients’ Outcome in Melanoma
Authors: Omer Mohamed S , Kanjo Peter S , Elkhazeen Abuzar , Osman Amin S
Published: July 2023

Precision medicine is shaping the way medicine is being practiced, pharmacogenomics is the centerpiece of precision medicine. As in several fields, researchers are investigating the role of pharmacogenomic tests in the treatment of melanoma. One of these efforts is the ongoing preclinical and clinical trials investigating the impact of the genetic polymorphism of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 on drugs used in melanoma treatment. This paper reviews ipilimumab as a promising treatment for melanoma and how pharmacogenomic tests can substantially impact utilizing this drug in the treatment plan, whether as a solo treatment or in conjugation with other therapies. In this review, various databases and electronic libraries were utilized to search for and review different journal articles and papers about pharmacogenomic tests for ipilimumab. Although some results showed a minimal effect, most of the results revealed that pharmacogenomic tests for ipilimumab could play a crucial role in patients’ outcomes. Further clinical trials are, however, needed on a larger scale to adopt this therapy in practice.