bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How do young soccer players train? A 5-year analysis of weekly microcycle training load characteristics in an elite youth academy
Authors: Connolly Darragh R , Stolp Sean , Gualtieri Antonio , Franceschi Alberto , Ferrari Bravo Duccio , Rampinini Ermanno , Coutts Aaron J
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to describe the distribution of training load (session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), duration, and sRPE-training load) across weekly microcycles of an elite youth academy and assess the differences between four different age groups (U15-U16-U17-U19). Training load variables were recorded during in-season training weeks over 5 competitive seasons (from 2014–15 to 2018–19, evaluating new squads for each age group each season) for a total of 456 player observations. Mixed models assessed the variability of the three load variables across the different training days of a weekly microcycle and between the four different age groups. Estimated marginal means, 95% confidence intervals (CI), and effect sizes (d) were calculated for each training day of the microcycle. The main findings were significant differences in the training load variables three and four days before the next Match Day (i.e., MD-3 and MD-4, respectively), with U15 recording lower sRPE (−2.0 AU, d = 0.43–0.72) and U19 a lower duration (−35 min, d < -1.10). All age groups reduced sRPE-training load in the two days before a match, mainly due to a decrease in training duration (−160 AU & −17 min respectively). Match days provided the highest training loads within the weekly microcycle, with moderate-to-large differences between the four age groups (d = 0.77, 1.16 and 1.38 for U15 vs U16-U17-U19 respectively). The low variability in sRPE values in the three central sessions of a weekly microcycle indicates that training duration is an important factor to control when aiming to manipulate within-week training loads in elite youth soccer players.
Yougui Pills Alleviates Diminished Ovarian Reserve Through Regulating Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Rats
Authors: Jiao Bei-Bei , Li Tian , Zhou Bei-Bei , Chen Si , Chen Yue , Lu Yan , Liu Jian-Min , Zhao Wei-Bo , Zhang Jian , Wang Pei-Juan
Published: November 2024

Objective

Yougui pills (YGP) have been used clinically to treat diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), but, whether YGP could have a palliative effect in the DOR rat model and the underlying mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of YGP in rats with cortisol-induced DOR.

Methods

The cortisol-induced DOR model was used to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of YGP on DOR. The DOR model was established by intramuscular injection of 25 mg/kg cortisol for 28 consecutive days. Meanwhile, the rats were weighed and administered intragastrically YGP or progynova. To evaluate the mitigating effect of YGP on DOR, pharmacodynamic indicators were assessed including body weight, estrous cycle, H&E staining, and serum levels of AMH, FSH, LH, and cortisol. Oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis pathways were further validated using Western blotting analysis.

Result

YGP significantly ameliorated the symptoms of DOR. Administration of YGP improved the ovarian index, estrous cycle, and body weight. After treatment with YGP, cortisol, FSH, and LH levels declined and AMH levels elevated. YGP increased the number of primary, secondary, and antral follicles, but decreased the number of atretic follicles. Mechanically, YGPtreated cortisol-induced DOR via the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway which regulates OS. YGP also reversed the aberrant expression of apoptosis-related proteins Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax.

Conclusion

YGP could reduce ovarian OS and apoptosis in cortisol-induced rats via regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, thereby enhancing ovarian reserve function.
From SolarWinds to Kaseya: The rise of supply chain attacks in a digital world
Authors: Ghanbari Hadi , Koskinen Kari , Wei Yijuan
Published: November 2024

Supply chains today rely heavily on information technologies. Such reliance has encouraged attackers to shift their focus on conducting supply chain attacks, which is expected to become the most common type of cyberattack by 2030. Thus, it is crucial for Information Systems practitioners to gain a deeper understanding of supply chain cybersecurity. To that end, this teaching case demonstrates the importance of supply chain cybersecurity in the digital era drawing on two recent attacks with significant impact on supply chains: SolarWinds and Kaseya. We first discuss different dimension of cyberattacks, followed by an introduction of supply chain attacks. We then introduce an analytical tool called cyber kill chain that is widely used for analysing different stages of a cyberattack. In addition, we propose a taxonomy of cyberattacks that can be used as a tool, alongside other tools, to analyse cyberattacks. The taxonomy is especially useful for conducting a lightweight analysis and presenting an overview of cyberattacks to non-technical stakeholders, especially executives and directors.
Smart moves: Flipkart’s name-personalized nudging techniques to combat cart abandonment
Authors: Sajan Vaidhyanathan , P S Rajeswari
Published: November 2024

Flipkart, a leading e-commerce platform, has made significant global strides by offering a diverse range of products, including electronics, fashion, and groceries. Flipkart has a significant problem with high cart abandonment rates, particularly on mobile devices, despite its success. This problem is severe because it damages marketing efforts, impacts customer retention, and causes a large loss of revenue. Complicated checkout procedures and unforeseen expenses are major contributors. Flipkart uses name-based personalized nudges to address this, giving customers a sense of familiarity and customization that makes them feel appreciated. Purchase completion is encouraged by these nudges, which include recovery emails that use the customer’s name and provide customized incentives. Challenges in putting these nudges into practice include protecting customer privacy and guaranteeing data accuracy. Nonetheless, the possible advantages of lowering abandonment rates and strengthening allegiance make it valuable. Flipkart also improves the shopping experience by strategically nudging customers. Transparent pricing, streamlined checkout procedures, guest checkout, a variety of payment methods, and conspicuous security badges are a few of them. To further promote transaction completion and reduce abandonment rates, several interventions are used, such as mobile optimization, exit-intent popups, and cart recovery emails. Flipkart’s dedication to establishing a smooth shopping experience and tackling the serious problem of cart abandonment is demonstrated by these initiatives. All things considered, even though putting these nudges into practice can be difficult, Flipkart’s creative strategy for addressing cart abandonment through personalization and name-based personalized nudges demonstrates its commitment to improving customer satisfaction and increasing conversion rates.
Prevalence and risk factors of PTSD symptoms: a 3-month follow-up study
Authors: Shang Zhilei , Pan Xiao , Cheng Suhui , Yang Yuchen , Yan Wenjie , Sun LiangLiang , Huang Hai , Bai Yonghai , Xie Weifen , Xu Shu
Published: November 2024

Background:

During the peak of the epidemic, hospitalized patients frequently encountered significant health risks and potentially life-threatening circumstances, including uncertainty regarding treatment and the potential for complications.

Objective:

The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among hospitalized patients 3 months after discharge during the first peak of the epidemic, and the association of PTSD with disease-related characteristics.

Design:

A single-center and full-sample follow-up study was conducted on COVID-19 patients from the Optical Valley Branch of Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China. Data were collected during their hospitalization and 3 months after discharge.

Methods:

PTSD symptoms were evaluated by primary care post-traumatic stress disorder (PC-PTSD), a total score of 3 or above was considered as clinically significant PTSD symptoms. Demographic and disease-related characteristics were collected to identify related associations with PTSD symptoms.

Results:

A total of 903 patients completed the follow-up survey, yielding a response rate of 63.5%. A total of 212 (23.5%) of the patients were positive in PC-PTSD screening. Univariate regression analysis identified several factors correlated with PTSD symptoms, including female gender, younger age, a lower body mass index (BMI), preexisting sleep problems, bereavement due to COVID-19, a severe clinical diagnosis, the presence of three or more clinical symptoms at disease onset, and residual respiratory symptoms after discharge. Notably, in the multivariate regression analysis, experiencing three or more clinical symptoms at onset emerged as a robust predictor of PTSD symptoms (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.48–2.95). An intriguing finding was that patients who underwent radiological assessment post-discharge reported a higher incidence of PTSD symptoms, whereas those who underwent re-testing for IgG or IgM antibodies exhibited a lower prevalence of PTSD symptoms.

Conclusion:

Three months post-recovery, PTSD symptoms prevalence among COVID-19 patients was 23.5%. Those with three or more clinical symptoms at onset or residual respiratory symptoms post-discharge showed higher risk. These findings highlighted the long-term effect of COVID-19 on mental health, urging enhanced attention and interventions for survivors.
The pattern of antibiotic resistance and distribution of the biofilm-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PelD, PslB) isolated from infectious hospital departments
Authors: Masoumi Negin , Keshavarzi Fatemeh
Published: November 2024

Background:

The ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to produce biofilm has established it as one of the most significant pathogens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial resistance and conduct a molecular investigation of the virulence genes PslB and PelD in Pseudomonas aeruginosa species isolated from patients.

Methodology:

One hundred clinical isolates were collected from patients of different age groups who were hospitalized in Kermanshah and Sonqor hospitals. The isolates were obtained through culture on specific media, biochemical confirmatory tests, and gram staining for confirmation. Biofilm production was assessed using an indirect quantification method with crystal violet. Additionally, antibiotic resistance was determined through the disc various method following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Finally, the presence of genes related to PlsB and PelD in resistant strains was examined using The polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results:

The results indicate that the highest resistance and lowest sensitivity were related to nitrofurantoin 100 μg, while the lowest resistance and highest sensitivity were related to cefepime 30 mg. Biofilm phenotypes were categorized as weak in 7% ( n = 7) of isolates, medium in 13% ( n = 13), and high in 80% ( n = 80). The PslB and PelD genes were identified in 86% ( n = 86) and 38% ( n = 38) of isolates, respectively, while 4% ( n = 4) did not possess either of these two genes. Additionally, a majority of the isolates exhibited multidrug-resistance (87%) due to their moderate-to-high biofilm formation.

Conclusion:

All isolates were capable of producing biofilm. A significant association were between strains with the high biofilm and multidrug-resistance species ( p < 0.05). Multidrug-resistance (78%) isolates included 28% ( n = 28) of isolates that were PslB+ PelD+, 45% ( n = 45) of isolates that were only PslB+, and 5 ( n = 5) isolates that were only PelD+. A significant relationship was found between the presence of the PslB gene multidrug-resistance and high producer ( p < 0.05).
Increasing Primary Care Engagement Among Homeless-Experienced Veterans Following an Emergency Department Visit: Qualitative Insights From Los Angeles County
Authors: Chinchilla Melissa , Preston-Suni Kian , Jacobo Edwin , Gabrielian Sonya
Published: November 2024

Background:

Homeless-experienced persons that present in the Emergency Department (ED) often fail to receive follow-up primary care. To inform implementation of a post-ED patient navigation model, we engaged homeless-experienced Veterans to identify barriers to primary care and the acceptability of a peer-led intervention within the ED.

Methods:

Between August and November 2023, 3 focus groups (n = 14) and 2 interviews were held (total n = 16) with homeless-experienced Veterans who sought care in the Department of Veterans Affairs’ (VA) Greater Los Angeles (GLA) ED. We inquired about barriers to primary care post-ED visit, ways to improve connection, and the acceptability of a peer-led intervention. Fieldnotes were taken and coded using rapid qualitative methods.

Results:

Participants noted challenges receiving adequate information about and support connecting with primary care; challenges included lengthy appointment wait times, lack of knowledge regarding clinic walk-ins, and challenges with social needs. Recommendations for facilitating connection comprised support with patient navigation, including obtaining timely appointments, addressing social needs, and identifying healthcare priorities. Participants noted numerous benefits to having peers in the ED to assist with healthcare and resource connection.

Conclusions:

Data will inform future work to adapt and pilot a peer-led patient navigation model for homeless-experienced Veterans in VA GLA’s ED.
Improving Health Informatics Competencies: A Scoping Review of the Components of Health Informatics Academic Programs
Authors: Chikware Arthur B. , Roman Nicolette V. , Davids Eugene Lee
Published: November 2024

Various terms describe Information and Communications Technology (ICT) use in healthcare, including Health Informatics (HI). HI use in healthcare is expected to positively impact healthcare through healthcare cost reduction and improve healthcare accessibility and decision-making. However, the effective application and use of technology in healthcare requires appropriate HI competencies. This research explored what constitutes health informatics education programs to improve health professionals’ competencies. This review was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Twenty articles made the final inclusion from a total of 577. The articles were extracted from seven databases, namely, Academic Search Complete, Elsevier (SCOPUS), Science Direct, SAGE, MEDLINE, ERIC, and Springer. The research found HI education-related content in various healthcare education programs, including medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, nursing, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and dietetics. There were instances where HI was applied in interprofessional education, with other allied health professions such as psychology, radiology, and HI programs. Furthermore, profession-specific content such as nursing and medical informatics was identified. The content in computer literacy and Electronic Health Records seems applicable across multiple disciplines. However, HI curricula found for healthcare professions were insufficient for a distinguishable benchmark for HI education in academic disciplines of the healthcare professions.
Not Liking the Likert? A Rasch Analysis of Forced-choice Format and Usefulness in Survey Design
Authors: Combrinck Celeste
Published: November 2024

We have less time and focus than ever before, while the demand for attention is increasing. Therefore, it is no surprise that when answering questionnaires, we often choose to strongly agree or be neutral, producing problematic and unusable data. The current study investigated forced-choice (ipsative) format compared to the same questions on a Likert-type as a viable alternative. An established motivation questionnaire was administered in two versions, forced-choice and Likert-type, to 1088 first-year engineering students. Descriptive, non-parametric statistics and Rasch measurement models were applied to assess usefulness, validity and reliability. Results: The ipsative version had a higher response rate, less missing data, and the motivations emerged more clearly. Evidence for the reliability and validity of the forced-choice version was excellent. The forced-choice format is recommended as an alternative to the Likert types when collecting human or social survey data.
Validity of Governance-Prosperity: Fresh Evidence Under Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Methods
Authors: Ali Shahid , Azeem Aamir , Xiaohong Zhou , Naseem Muhammad Akram , Haider Syed Waqar
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine whether governance has an impact on per capita income. The governance-prosperity hypothesis was validated using data from 48 high-income countries. This study examines all governance indicators in sample countries rather than one that addresses specific effects. We find that good governance enhances prosperity, while FDI, exports, and urbanization positively impact effective governance outcomes using homogeneity and heterogeneity panel methodologies. In contrast, household expenditures exhibit a diverse relationship that requires a combination of saving policy and spending to increase per capita income. We found that effective governance attracts foreign direct investment, leading to high exports and urbanization trends. Therefore, countries should strengthen their governance apparatus to reap the benefits of sustainable economic growth.
A Systematic Review of Experimental Research on the Effectiveness of the Suzuki Music Teaching Method in Instrumental Instruction
Authors: Liu Xiao Chen , Wang I Ta , Wong Kwan Yie
Published: November 2024

This systematic review examines the efficacy of the Suzuki music teaching method in cultivating instrumental skills through experimental research. The research indicates that the Suzuki music teaching method accommodates various instruments for students of different ages but its effectiveness in enhancing rhythm skills varies with the instrument and age group. Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidance, the study searched four e-databases. Seven researches were identified as eligible for final inclusion from the 481 identified literature. The included studies compared the Suzuki method to conventional music teaching methods, with the majority showing a positive effect on instrumental skills, particularly posture, musicality, and technique control. The Suzuki method is expanding its target population from children to adults, providing evidence of its effectiveness for various groups of individuals learning an instrument and proposing future research directions related to the Suzuki music teaching method.
Exploring the Relationship Between Environmental, Social, and Governance and Tax Avoidance Strategies
Authors: Lee Hyun-Ah
Published: November 2024

This study investigates how each environmental, social, and governance (ESG) dimension relates to tax avoidance in well- and poorly governed firms. The analysis uses data from 2016 to 2020 on A-share companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges and three panel methodologies: pooled ordinary least squares, random effects, and fixed effects models. The results show that not all ESG dimensions are equally associated with tax avoidance, and the relationship between ESG and tax avoidance differs between well- and poorly governed firms. For well-governed firms, the social and governance dimensions positively correlate with tax avoidance, whereas the environmental dimension does not. For poorly governed firms, none of the three dimensions correlate with tax avoidance. These findings suggest that ESG and tax avoidance are more compatible than conflicting. Moreover, they underscore the importance of good corporate governance in enabling tax avoidance as an ESG-compatible strategy. This study addresses the debatable relationship between ESG and tax avoidance, which has significant implications for stakeholders, including managers, investors, and policymakers.
Exposed to the Media: Intentions to Gamble and Problem Gambling
Authors: Korsakiene Renata , Vilkaite-Vaitone Neringa , Jeseviciute-Ufartiene Laima
Published: November 2024

The study combines the social cognitive theory and the theory of planned behavior to predict the effects of media exposure and behavior of customers on intentions to gamble and problem gambling. Based on the 1,777 observations of Lithuanian gamblers, a robust path analysis procedure revealed that media exposure can strengthen attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control. In turn, attitude and perceived control can increase the intention to gamble. However, subjective norms were found to have a negative impact on gambling intention. The study also found that gambling intention directly affects problem gambling severity. By combining social cognitive theory and theory of planned behavior, the study provides a clearer understanding of how gambling exposure in various forms of media can affect attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. These findings enhance the discussion on gambling behavior and have important implications for policymakers, health organizations, and marketers.
Drivers of Cocoa Farmers’ Access to Agricultural Services in Ghana: A Case Study of Sefwi Wiawso Municipal
Authors: Anang Benjamin Tetteh , Amerino Joseph
Published: November 2024

Notwithstanding the important role that agricultural services play in cocoa production, not much is known about the drivers of adoption intensity as well as the synergies between these services. This study seeks to fill this void by investigating the drivers of cocoa farmers access to essential agricultural services (ASs) in Sefwi Wiawso municipal of Ghana using cross-sectional data collected from 253 farmers. Multivariate probit (MVP) analysis was used to estimate the determinants of farmers’ access to these services, while generalized Poisson regression model was used to assess the degree of access. The research found that synergies exist between the ASs. Furthermore, factors such as years of education, household size, farm size, involvement in off-farm work, and revenue from cocoa cultivation drive access to ASs. The degree of access is influenced by sex, years of education, farm size, revenue from cocoa production, and the value of farm assets. Also, farmland ownership influenced both access and the degree of access. The study recommends enhancing collaboration between public and private agricultural service providers to improve access to ASs to boost cocoa production in Ghana. Other policy measures include incentivizing extension agents to reach more farmers and encouraging farmers to join farmer groups since these groups are important linkages between farmers and extension agents and researchers.
Defamiliarizing Concussions: Sports Fandom, Injury, and Potential Attitudinal Shifts
Authors: Kalman-Lamb Nathan , Silva Derek
Published: November 2024

In this article, we examine whether modes of representation that disrupt and defamiliarize the naturalized understandings fans share about the legitimacy and necessity of spectacular violence and sacrifice in sport can have the potential to reframe fan attitudes and investments. We explore the social cognitive and attitudinal shift towards traumatic brain injury (TBI) and injury more broadly in American football of first year students with a stated investment in the spectacle of high-performance sports after viewing Josh Begley’s 2018 short film Concussion Protocol. By comparing the responses of students at the beginning of the semester to their responses immediately after viewing the film, this project reveals how placing fans of sport in a face-to-face relationship with athletic laborers can challenge preexisting assumptions about normalized violence in sport, ultimately effectuating a potentially new and more humane attitude to athletic spectatorship.
Deregulation as Disempowerment: Dispossessing Local Forest-dwelling Communities in India
Authors: Gupta Smita
Published: November 2024

Recent changes in India’s Forest Conservation Act and environment impact assessment procedures, already problematic for community rights and environmental conservation, further undermine both. These changes violate other hard-won constitutional and legal rights of traditional forest dwellers (Adivasis) to own, use, and conserve forest resources. The barely disguised aim is deregulation to open up further forests for plunder by capitalists and the consequent dispossession of local communities, amongst the most deprived and exploited sections of society who have historically borne the brunt of large development works. Underlying the government approach is an acceptance of unscientific, unrealistic, and unfair carbon sink and afforestation targets. Adherents of an exclusionary approach to conservation as well as those arguing for people-centric co-existence are perhaps for the first time in decades in agreement on the harm that these changes will cause for forests and their people. Changes are required to democratize and respect Adivasi forest rights and decentralize forest management, not to allow plunder and degradation.
Influencer Credibility and Brand Image: The Mediating Effect of Brand Attitude in the Premium Cosmetics Market
Authors: Saini Shweta , Bansal Rohit
Published: November 2024

Purpose:

This research article investigates how the credibility of the influencer affects the image of premium cosmetics brands, and it explores how brand attitude plays a role in this association.

Design/methodology/approach:

The study employed a quantitative approach, using surveys to gather insights from 525 customers who followed social media influencers endorsing premium cosmetics and have purchased them. A convenient sampling method was utilized. Structural equation modeling (SEM) facilitated the analysis, ensuring the validity and fitness of the proposed relationships through the analysis of moment structures (AMOS) software.

Findings:

Results indicated that dimensions of influencer credibility positively influence the brand image. Moreover, these attributes indirectly affect brand attitude in a positive and significant manner.

Originality of article:

These findings fill a gap in the existing literature by examining the impact of influencer credibility on both brand attitude and brand image simultaneously. The article concludes with recommendations for marketers and suggestions for future research endeavors.
Postoperative Pain Control After ACL Reconstruction With Semitendinosus Tendon Graft: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Adductor Canal Block to Local Infiltration Analgesia
Authors: Sumanont Sermsak , Jaruwanneechai Khananut , Wittayapairoj Aumjit , Apiwatanakul Punyawat , Boonrod Artit
Published: November 2024

Background:

Both adductor canal block (ACB) and local infiltration (LI) are effective for postoperative pain management after arthroscopic-assisted anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). While LI is a more straightforward procedure, its effectiveness remains debated.

Purpose:

To evaluate morphine consumption within 48 hours after ACLR with a semitendinosus tendon graft, comparing ACB and LI; secondary objectives: to evaluate pain levels, patient satisfaction, quadriceps strength, range of knee motion, and complications.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

Patients undergoing primary ACLR with a semitendinosus tendon graft were randomized to receive either ACB (0.25% bupivacaine; 20 mL) or LI at the surgical wound, graft harvest area, and intra-articular injection. The LI group received morphine (3 mg), ketorolac (30 mg), and tranexamic acid (1 g). Morphine consumption within 48 hours was monitored using an intravenous patient-controlled analgesia device.

Results:

A total of 48 patients were analyzed (n = 24 in each group); baseline characteristics were similar between groups. The LI group consumed significantly less morphine than the ACB group at 6 hours (median [interquartile range, IQR], 3 mg [0-4.8 mg] for the LI group vs 5.5 mg [2-9] for the ACB group; P = .003). However, no significant differences were observed in morphine consumption at other time points. Additionally, no significant difference was found in cumulative morphine consumption at 48 hours between the groups (median [IQR], 21.5 mg [11-34.5 mg] for the ACB group vs 16.5 mg [8.5-21.8 mg] for the LI group; P = .137). Postoperative pain scores, quadriceps strength, and patient satisfaction were similar between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:

Morphine consumption at 48 hours postoperatively was comparable between the LI and ACB groups, and no significant group differences were found in postoperative pain, quadriceps strength, or patient satisfaction.

Registration:

TCTR20190320003 (Thai Clinical Trial Registry).
Clinicodemographic Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Prospective 3-Cohort Study on Collegiate Varsity Athletes
Authors: Zhao Kevin Y. , Abdelnour Patrik , Corban Jason Philip Aaron Hiro , Karatzas Nicolaos , Levins Cameron , Martineau Paul A.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most distressing injuries for collegiate varsity athletes. Identifying easily attainable clinicodemographic risk factors in this subgroup can help screen for high-risk athletes who may benefit from proven ACL injury risk reduction programs.

Purpose:

To identify clinicodemographic risk factors for noncontact ACL injury among female and male collegiate varsity athletes from 10 different sports.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

A total of 777 (276 female and 501 male athletes) collegiate varsity athletes from 3 consecutive seasons had an extended panel of clinicodemographic parameters recorded at their respective preseason physical sessions. The athletes were followed for 1 athletic season for noncontact ACL injuries.

Results:

Fifteen (6 female and 9 male athletes) athletes suffered a noncontact ACL injury during their season. Among all athletes, previous lower limb surgery and cutting sport participation were significantly associated with an increased risk of noncontact ACL injury. Among female athletes, previous ACL injury and previous lower limb surgery were significant risk factors. No significant clinicodemographic risk factors were identified in male athletes. Female sex was not a significant risk factor for noncontact ACL injury.

Conclusion:

The clinicodemographic risk factors for noncontact ACL injury identified in this study are easily attainable and may guide preseason screening for ACL injury risk in collegiate varsity athletes. The lack of association of these risk factors in male athletes may highlight the need to focus on other factors such as kinematics for these athletes.
Abdominal Oblique and Rectus Muscle Injuries in Major and Minor League Baseball Players: An Updated Epidemiological Review
Authors: Tenner Zachary M. , Lamba Abhinav , Camp Christopher L. , Griffith Timothy B. , Conte Stan
Published: November 2024

Background:

Abdominal musculature injuries comprise the third most prevalent time-loss injury across professional baseball. Despite increased awareness and prevention attempts in the recent decade, the trends of these abdominal injury numbers in Major League Baseball (MLB) are not fully understood.

Purposes:

To update the trends in oblique and intercostal injuries, analyze the impact of these injuries based on time out of play, and identify factors that correlate with increased injury severity to help with recovery time prognostication for the sports medicine community.

Study Design:

Descriptive epidemiology study.

Methods:

Using the MLB Health and Injury Tracking System, the authors identified all abdominal and core musculature injuries that resulted in time out of play in MLB and Minor League Baseball (MiLB) between the 2011 and 2021 seasons. These were filtered for injuries that resulted in ≥1 days missed (DM) during spring training, the regular season, and postseason. A Student t test was utilized to assess for significant differences for all normally distributed values. Regression analysis was utilized for determining change over time. For all statistical comparisons, the threshold for alpha was set to P < .05.

Results:

During the study period between 2011 and 2021, there were 4560 total abdominal injuries among 3401 athletes. When filtered for in-season, time-loss injuries defined as spring training, regular season, and postseason, there were 2890 injuries. Of these, 1928 were oblique injuries, 453 were intercostal injuries, and 115 were rectus injuries. The number of oblique injuries each season increased for all of baseball ( P < .001), as well as for MLB ( P = .009) and MiLB ( P = .012) individually. Of the 1928 oblique injuries, 498 (26%) oblique injuries occurred at the MLB level and 1430 (74%) occurred at the MiLB level. Batting and pitching-related injuries comprised 860 (45%) and 729 (38%) oblique injuries, with a total of 18,455 DM and 20,891 DM, respectively. This corresponded to a mean of 22 DM for batting injuries and 29 DM for pitching injuries (mean difference, 7.2; 95% CI, 5.27-9.13; P < .001).

Conclusion:

This decade-long study on professional baseball revealed a significant increase in abdominal oblique injuries across MLB and MiLB, with the largest number of injuries observed in the 2021 season. Meanwhile, there was a significant decrease in intercostal injuries across professional baseball during these years. Such injuries continue to pose challenges, leading to substantial DM per injury and affecting players from various positions.
Lived Experience of Parents with Technology-Dependent Children: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Lemos Sara Raquel Machado , Andrade Luísa Maria Costa , Lima Lígia Maria Monteiro , Fernández-Medina Isabel Maria , Céu Aguiar Barbieri-Figueiredo Maria Do
Published: November 2024

Caring for technology-dependent children significantly impacts the family unit, a topic that has not been researched in Portugal. Understanding this impact can help nurses to improve their interventions. This study aimed to describe the lived experiences of parents with technology-dependent children using a qualitative descriptive design. We applied Giorgi’s approach to analyze 10 individual semi-structured interviews with parents recruited through a children’s hospital in Portugal. Our analysis identified two major themes: (1) Discovering a new parenthood: parent and caregiver, comprising two subthemes: Family reorganization and Learning to use a medical device; (2) Reconciling daily life with the needs of the technology-dependent children, comprising two subthemes: Importance of support systems and Experiencing difficulties. These results indicate that parents experience a wide range of concerns and challenges in managing medical devices, starting from the moment the need for a device is communicated and continuing through the process of learning and providing care. This journey involves significant changes in family dynamics and is marked by sacrifice and adaptation, supported by family, formal support systems, and healthcare professionals. Our findings provide valuable insights into the vulnerabilities faced by these parents and highlight how nursing care can enhance the quality of care for these families.
Book review: Sebanti Chatterjee, Choral Voices: Ethnographic Imaginations of Sound and Sacrality
Authors: Jash Akash
Published: November 2024

Sebanti Chatterjee, Choral Voices: Ethnographic Imaginations of Sound and Sacrality (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2023), 208 pp. ₹899, ISBN: 978-93-56403-12-3 (Paperback)
Experiences of Caste Discrimination Among Muslims: Marginalization of Ga’ad Ha’enz Community in Kashmir
Authors: Najam-us-Saqib  , Hassan Khalid Wasim
Published: November 2024

Caste-based hierarchies and discrimination are not confined to the Hindus, but it is equally profound in the lived experience of other religions in South Asia, including Islam. Muslim majority Union Territory of Jammu Kashmir in India is no exception to this. Kashmiri Muslim identity in the valley is not a monolith; apart from the differences in terms of sect, language and ethnicity, there is also social hierarchy among Kashmiri Muslims. Among the various social castes in Kashmir Valley, the Hanji community is considered ‘lower’ in the social hierarchy. There are sub-groups within the Hanji community with varied vocations, livelihoods and places of residence, whereas the Ga’ad Ha’enz community engaged in fishing is the lowest in the hierarchy and historically experienced marginalization. Not only do they face stereotyping and castiest slurs, they face caste-based discrimination in their livelihood and their residential areas. This article unravels the intersection of caste, marginalization and religious identity by exploring the challenges faced by the Ga’ad Ha’enz (fishing community) in Kashmir. Based on the narratives from the field, the article aims to uncover the nuanced ways in which caste-based hierarchy among Kashmiri Muslims contributes to their marginalization. By examining the everyday experiences in residential areas and the livelihood challenges, the article attempts to establish a relationship between the marginalization of Ga’ad Ha’enz community and their social-caste identity of belonging to the Hanji community.
Validity and Transparency in Quantifying Open-Ended Data
Authors: Conry-Murray Clare , Waltzer Tal , DeBernardi Fiona C. , Fossum Jessica L. , Haasova Simona , Matthews Michael S. , O’Mahony Aoife , Moreau David , Baum Myriam A. , Karhulahti Veli-Matti , McCarthy Randy J. , Paterson Helena M. , McSweeney Kara , Elsherif Mahmoud M.
Published: November 2024

Quantitatively coding open-ended data (e.g., from videos, interviews) can be a rich source of information in psychological research, but reporting practices vary substantially. We provide strategies for improving validity and reliability of coding open-ended data and investigate questionable research practices in this area. First, we systematically examined articles in four top psychology journals ( N = 956) and found that 21% included open-ended data coded by humans. However, only about one-third of those articles reported sufficient details to replicate or evaluate the validity of the coding process. Next, we propose multiphase guidelines for transparently reporting on the quantitative coding of open-ended data, informed by concerns with replicability, content validity, and statistical validity. The first phase involves research design, including selecting data and identifying units reliably. The second phase includes developing a coding manual and training coders. The final phase outlines how to establish reliability. As part of this phase, we used data simulations to examine a common statistic for testing reliability on open-ended data, Cohen’s κ, and found that it can become inflated when researchers repeatedly test interrater reliability or manipulate categories, such as by including a missing-data category. Finally, to facilitate transparent and valid coding of open-ended data, we provide a preregistration template that reflects these guidelines. All of the guidelines and resources provided in this article can be adapted for different types of studies, depending on context.
Risky Sexual Behavior and HIV Infection Among Ghanaians Aged 15–49: Evidence From the Ghana Demographic Health Survey 2003 and 2014
Authors: Tetteh John , Ntumy Michael Yao , Asamoah Isabella E. , Ekem-Ferguson George , Swaray Swithin M. , Yamson Phaedra , Addo Stephen Ayisi , Torpey Kwasi , Yawson Alfred Edwin
Published: November 2024

Objective:

The study assessed the dominant risk factors associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB) and further quantify its influence on HIV infection among Ghanaians aged 15–49 years using the Ghana demographic and Health Survey (GDHS).

Methods:

A cross-sectional study using two rounds of the GDHS (2003 = 7448 and 2014 = 10169). RSB and HIV infection were the study outcomes. The study employed dominant analysis to rank the important risk factors associated with RSB. Meta-analysis was conducted to obtain heterogeneity in the prevalence of HIV infection by RSB. The Logistic Inverse Probability Weighting (LIPW) model was employed to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) of RSB on HIV infection.

Results:

The prevalence of RSB decreased from 6.0% (95%CI = 5.4–6.6) in 2003 to 5.7% (95%CI = 5.0–6.4) in 2014. The overall growth rate showed a decrease of 2.5 percentage points, although this change was not statistically significant. Generally, dominant analysis showed that over 60% impact of the factors associated with RSB was being male. HIV prevalence ranged from 1.98% (95%CI = 1.6–2.3) in 2003 to 1.59 (95%CI = 1.21–1.98) in 2014 and the overall growth rate was decreased by 10.4%, however, statistically not significant. The overall HIV prevalence was approximately 1.8% (95%CI = 1.52–2.03) with the highest occurring among participants who engaged in RSB (a negligible Higgins’s I2 value of 25.4%, p = .260). The average HIV infection, if all participants were to engage in RSB, was approximately two per 100 participants significant in both years [estimate for 2003 = 0.017 (0.013–0.021) while 2014 = 0.016 (0.012–0.019)].

Conclusion:

The prevalence of RSB and HIV infection from 2003 to 2014 showed no significant decline. Even though most factors were associated with RSB, over the two rounds of GDHS, being male was the most important factor that predisposes an individual to RSB. The findings from this study recommend a community-based intervention through health promotional activity in the form of behavioral change by adopting a gender-sensitive approach. HIV program implementers should be aware that RSB is paramount among males.
On state securitization, artificial NGOs, and environmental journalism: An interview with Peter Schwartzstein, environmental security journalist, author, and researcher
Authors: Ide Tobias , Vogler Anselm , Schwartzstein Peter
Published: November 2024

This is an interview with environmental journalist Peter Schwartzstein. In the interview, Schwartzstein discusses how states are increasingly securitizing and weaponizing climate change and the environment. This can happen directly, for instance when militaries prepare for climate change or when governments use the environment in strategic ways to cover up their actions. But there are also indirect ways, such as artificial NGOs that serve governmental interests. Schwartzstein further discusses opportunities and challenges for environmental security journalists, including the need to work on the ground and the often-complex intersections between climate and conflict. He identifies declining state legitimacy as the most concerning development in the environmental security field in the coming years.
Feasibility and safety of weaning premature infants from nasal continuous positive airway pressure to high-flow nasal cannula: a prospective observational case study
Authors: Yang Shu-Ting , Chung Hao-Wei , Chen Hsiu-Lin
Published: November 2024

Background

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is widely used for premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). A high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) provides positive end-expiratory pressure using high-flow oxygen; however, the variability in distending pressure is a primary concern. This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of a newly designed protocol for NCPAP weaning with cyclic HFNC use for premature infants.

Methods

Premature infants with RDS using NCPAP support who were ready for weaning were enrolled. The weaning protocol used cyclic NCPAP with HFNC every 3 h for 3 days in the neonatal intensive care unit. The heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), pulse oximetry (SpO2), transcutaneous carbon dioxide (PtcCO2), and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) at the end of NCPAP with HFNC support were recorded once daily for 3 days.

Results

From June 2019 to April 2021, 46 premature infants (27 male, 19 female) were enrolled. The mean gestational age and birth body weight were 28.7 ± 2.6 weeks and 1181 ± 354 g, respectively. No statistically significant differences in the HR, RR, SpO2, and cerebral StO2 during NCPAP weaning with HFNC were observed. However, the mean PtcCO2 with NCPAP was statistically significantly lower than that with HFNC (46.9 ± 6.0 mmHg vs. 47.9 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.02).

Conclusions

The feasibility and safety of the NCPAP weaning protocol with cyclic HFNC for premature infants are acceptable in this preliminary study. Due to the limited number of participants, further studies are required for more comprehensive analysis.

Trial registration

This prospective observational case study was approved by the Human Experiment and Ethics Committee of our hospital (approval number: KMUHIRB-SV(I)-20180059; approval date: January 11, 2019).
Outstretching challenges for rehabilitation of a mucormycotic case-a digitally designed patient-specific implant approach in the recent era
Authors: Pathak Ankita , Dhamande Mithilesh , Mundada Bhushan , Bhoyar Anjali , Sathe Seema , Gujjelwar Smruti , Tawade Shubham , Gupta Aashish , Sonar Prasanna
Published: November 2024

Background

Reconstruction of maxillofacial defects is challenging due to the region’s complex anatomy. During the COVID-19 era, many patients lost their maxilla and chewing efficiency as a result of Mucormycosis. In such cases, custom-designed implants offer a graftless solution for seemingly hopeless situations. This case report aims at miraculous dental transformation utilizing the Patient Specific Implant (PSI) approach.

Case Presentation

A 64-year-old male patient presented to the Prosthodontics Department with the chief complaint of missing teeth. He had been struggling with chewing for two years due to a post-mucormycotic maxillary jaw. A CT scan was obtained to evaluate and investigate the affected site. After a comprehensive diagnosis, the treatment of choice was a patient-specific implant decided using 3D printing technology. Reconstructing maxillofacial defects poses significant challenges due to the region’s intricate anatomy, as well as its aesthetic and functional implications. The use of pre-formed alloplastic implants and autogenous grafts often leads to complications such as resorption, infection, and displacement. However, recent technological advances have made it possible to fabricate customized patient-specific implants (PSIs) through computer modeling, offering new opportunities for reconstructive surgery.

Conclusion

This case report demonstrates the dental management of post-mucormycotic patients with specially designed implants, customized according to the availability and anatomy of the bone in the entire head region. The absence of complications during follow-up, conducted at 15, 30, 45, and 90 days, and subsequently monthly for two years, highlights the success of this approach. Evaluation parameters included infection, soft tissue recovery, wound separation, masticatory efficiency, stability of the prosthesis, and aesthetic outcomes. The positive outcomes observed at follow-up appointments emphasize the viability and effectiveness of patient-specific implants in addressing maxillary defects caused by post-mucormycosis.