bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-task Modeling for Neonatal Urinary Tract Dilation (UTD) Classification on Ultrasound Reports: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Hua Yining , Li Michael , Li Michael , Mukkamala Anudeep , Estrada Carlos , Wang Hsin-Hsiao
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The urinary tract dilation (UTD) classification system provides objective assessment relevant to hydronephrosis management for children. However, the lack of uniform language regarding UTD in radiology reports leads to significant difficulty in both clinical management and research. Human error is also prevalent due to these inconsistencies and the heavy workload involved in reviewing and interpreting the reports.

OBJECTIVE

We seek to develop a unified model that can effectively extract UTD components and classifications from early postnatal ultrasound reports via multi-task and multi-class learning, with the potential to reduce human errors and improve the consistency and accuracy of UTD assessments.

METHODS

Radiology records from our institution were reviewed to identify infants aged 0-90 days who underwent early ultrasound for antenatal UTD. The reports and images were reviewed by the study team to establish the ground truth for UTD classification and components (primary outcome). Our multi-task multi-class model utilizes embedding layers from ClinicalBERT, a variant of the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model, along with 11 linear classification layers with SoftMax functions. The model's performance was evaluated using five-fold cross-validation with an 80:20 train-test split for each round. After each round, predictions that were inconsistent with the initial labeling were reviewed and corrected by human reviewers, and the model was retrained accordingly. Additionally, we compared the model's performance to GPT-3.5-Turbo in both 3-shot and 0-shot settings.

RESULTS

A total of 2,460 early (0-90 days) ultrasound reports were included. The five-fold cross-validated model demonstrated satisfactory performance, with a weighted F1 score greater than 0.9 for all UTD components. The model effectively identified human labeling errors, and its performance improved after correcting uncertain cases. It outperformed GPT-3.5-Turbo in all task predictions by 20%-30% in terms of accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS

By applying deep state-of-the-art NLP neural networks, we developed a high-performing, efficient, and scalable solution to extract UTD components from unstructured ultrasound reports using one single multi-task model. This can potentially help standardize and facilitate large-scale computer vision research for pediatric hydronephrosis.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
Increasing Capacity in Processing Superior Local Products in Maron River Ecokarst
Authors: Wijayanti Pipit , Setyawardhani Dwi Ardiana , Rachman Anung
Published: July 2024

According to information obtained from this community service activity, 80% people of Dersono Village work as farmers. The location of Dersono Village is within Gunungsewu Karst, which is known as a barren area. Therefore, it has been difficult for the villagers to get maximum harvests, which has impacted their economic standard of living. Being in the middle of the Karst area, Dersono Village has a potential that is the Maron River as it can be developed into a tourist attraction and become a source of the community's economy. In addition, Dersono Village has the potential with regard to their local commodities, namely coconuts, that can become superior products. The potential of this local coconut commodity can be developed as a superior processed product that can become a unique, distinctive souvenir and has more economic value rather than only selling the raw coconuts to collectors (intermediaries) or along the Maron River. To manage these existing potentials, adequate human resource skills are needed, one of which is through training in processing local products with economic value and activity in marketing processed local products. The training began with material delivery and continued with practices with the targeted community (PKK) to assess training achievement. A pre-test and post-test were administered on managing MSMEs, making and packaging coconut oil, and product marketing of blondo. The results were categorized on a scale of very low, low, medium, high, and very high understanding. The pre-test results showed 12.9% low, 48.4% medium, 35.5% high, and 3.2% very high. The post-test results showed significant differences, showing no low category, a decline in the moderate category to 16.1%, 61.3% for the high category, and 22.6% for the very high category. These results strongly suggest that there has been a significant improvement of the target community’s capacity after the training.
Screening Lung Cancer in Sampang Regency, Madura Through Empowerment and Health Cadres Formation
Authors: Yudhawati Resti , Wulandari Laksmi , Febriani Anna , Wati Farah Fatma , Thendeyas Richar Tomy , Atik Nurul , Hariputri Wulan Rahmawati , Novananda Donny Ardika , Riyanto Shandy Billy
Published: July 2024

Treatment for lung cancer remains challenging since most of the patients seek medical advice at an advanced stage of disease. Sampang is one of the regencies that refers many lung cancer patients in late stages to Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, due to lack of information of lung cancer and early detection. Limited number of health workers to deliver comprehensive education to all areas requires community volunteers to fill this gap. The objective of this study was to educate and promote lung cancer awareness to the health cadres in Sampang as well as training them to early detecting individuals in the community with high-risk factors, as an attempt to bridge between the health workers and community, therefore the number of lung cancer early detection may be improved. Early identification of cancer may result in reduced morbidity and mortality, and in some cases, if detected early enough, therapy may involve only surgery.  The education was provided for the health cadres by providing information related to lung cancer and guidance to fill the questionnaire and scoring of lung cancer risk factors. The participants' understanding was measured using a pretest-posttest design. Thirty health cadres have been successfully formed, and they have gained knowledge of lung cancer and mastered capability to perform early-screening of lung cancer in the community as shown by the increase of post-test result compared to pre-test. The health cadres then implemented their knowledge of lung cancer early-screening by distributing questionnaires of lung cancer risk factor scoring to residents using door to door methods. The questionnaires’ evaluation collected by the health cadres showed that there were 93 residents with high-risk factors of lung cancer.  In conclusion, the health cadres has been capable to detect high-risk factors individuals in the community which further be followed up by community health workers comprehensively.
Unsur Budaya dan Arsitektur Tradisional sebagai Potensi Daya Tarik Wisata di Desa Wisata Pengotan Kabupaten Bangli
Authors: Putrawan Hendra , Putra,ST., MT. I G Agung Diasana
Published: July 2024

Cultural and architectural elements are very important to be used as attraction in a Tourism Village. One example of a village that utilizes this potential as a tourist attraction is Pengotan Tourism Village. Pengotan Tourism Village was chosen in this study because of the existence of cultural and architectural elements that are still thick and need to be preserved. There are various traditions that characterize Pengotan Tourism Village that do not exist anywhere else. In terms of architecture, Pengotan Tourism Village still applies the concept of traditional architecture which is directly related to the natural resources that are owned around the village and the pattern of activities of its inhabitants is still influenced by their outlook on life. There are interesting things about the architecture of the Pengotan Tourism Village settlement, which on the one hand shows the diversity of its architecture and on the other hand it still shows consistency in the form and layout of the building. In this study, the things that want to be studied are what traditions are used as tourist attractions in Pengotan Tourism Village and how is the architecture of Pengotan Tourism Village settlements.
Kontribusi Virtual Tour Terhadap Pembentukan Citra Afektif Destinasi Wisata di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Pradana Cerry Surya , Rohani Elisa Dwi , Yudhistira Alfian William , Safitri Sukma Suci
Published: July 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia, menyebabkan penyesuaian pada berbagai macam kegiatan, termasuk dalam bidang pariwisata. Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu daerah tujuan wisata yang terkena dampak pandemi tersebut. Beberapa penyesuaian yang dibuat, misalnya dengan adanya penutupan sementara destinasi wisata, pembatasan kunjungan, hingga penerapan protokol kesehatan pada seluruh aktivitas. Terbatasnya akses bagi wisatawan, menjadi hal yang berdampak besar baik bagi keberlangsungan pariwisata di destinasi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan memahami persepsi wisatawan terhadap citra afektif destinasi wisata yang ada di Yogyakarta, baik yang pernah maupun belum pernah mengunjungi destinasi ini. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara menggunakan kuisioner, dan studi pustaka. Observasi dilakukan pada aktivitas terkini yang ada di beberapa platform virtual tour. Wawancara dilakukan menggunakan sampel secara convenience sampling, pada 141 orang responden yang telah mengikuti virtual tour. Kuesioner diberikan dalam bentuk daring, yang disajikan dalam google form. Pustaka terkait dengan citra afektif juga digunakan untuk menyiapkan tahapan analisis. Hasil yang diharapkan, penelitian ini mampu menunjukkan persepsi wisatawan terhadap citra afektif di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan, dikarenakan hanya melihat dari citra afektif tanpa melanjutkannya dengan citra kognitif. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan penelitian lainnya yang berkaitan dengan citra kognitif dengan tema yang sama.
Film Dokumenter Pendek Sebagai Media Promosi Ekowisata Mangrove Blok Bedul di Desa Sumberasri Banyuwangi
Authors: Mecha I Putu Sudhyana
Published: July 2024

The development of promotion media creates a flow of media innovation by utilizing technology and the internet. The use of the internet's position as a communication channel can provide information to potential tourists. Like any ecotourism promotion activity that needs to be completed with film screenings or presentations on the quality of ecotourism products, in which research in the form of a short documentary film as promotion media for Mangrove Blok Bedul Ecotourism is one of solution to the problems related about promotion. The research method used in this study is a qualitative approach which research is carried out in natural conditions. Data collection method used are interviews, observation, questionnaires and documentation. The analysis technique includes data reduction, data display and conclusions made simultaneously until the data obtained is valid. The purpose of this study are to find out the potential of Mangrove Blok Bedul Ecotourism in Sumberasri village then it can be as a storyline of short documentary film. Furthermore knowing the pre-production, production and post-production processes of designing short documentary film. In additional, the results obtained are knowing the efforts to publish short documentary film that have been made by researcher through YouTube social media.
Beyond the Hype: Local Engagement with AI-Generated Tourism Content
Authors: Nugroho Vincentius Tangguh Atyanto , Soelistiyowati Endang , Permatasari Alfelia Nugky , Iban Carlos
Published: July 2024

Travelers seeking authentic interactions with nature and culture are increasingly interested in destinations managed by the local community. Amidst the rising number of communities offering similar traveling experiences, operators seek a way to promote their destination and its distinctiveness. One of the ways to accentuate the particularity and the status of a tourist spot is by doing an online promotion in English, and artificial intelligence seems to open a window for its possibilities. This research aims to reveal how residents perceive the use of AI, including ChatGPT, in promoting their community-based tourist destinations. Residents participating in the research were invited to express their feelings and reactions towards AI-generated texts promoting a community-managed destination in the area they reside. Their reactions revealed three states of emotion: insecurity, uncertainty, and inauthenticity. They also reported an inability to make an informed decision due to a lack of key knowledge and skills, rendering the use of AI unproductive.
Factors affecting Job Satisfaction with Moderating Role of Organizational Training
Authors: Sagheem Muhammad , Jan Nasr Ullah , Arafat Yasir
Published: July 2024

The main objective of this research is to determine both the direct and the indirect elements influencing satisfaction with job among employees in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The research study specifically aims to investigate the different impacts of economic concerns on employees in the elementary and secondary education department's job satisfaction. The study based on Primary Source of data and an adapted Questionnaire and survey technique was used to collect the data for further analysis and 274 Primary School Teachers were participated in this study. SPSS version 25 was used for Analysis. In order to create a collection of items that represent the idea of employees' job satisfaction, the first step involved reviewing the available research on the factors that influence job satisfaction. To address every facet of job satisfaction, an extensive list of items was developed. In order to generate more items, a focus group and a comprehensive questionnaire were also utilized. Overall, the results of several analyses, including multiple regression and correlation analysis, demonstrate that all the economic factors have a positive and significant influence on job satisfaction. Additionally, these elements may contribute significantly to an employee's job satisfaction. Furthermore, the most significant and effective moderating variable for this association is organizational training. Which play a crucial role in this study. To increase employee job satisfaction, organizations should develop a suitable financial compensation policy that includes either direct or indirect financial compensation. This study is crucial for HR practitioners, business owners, and educational institutions in the area because it explains the factors that determine job satisfaction, which is a crucial topic that has not received much attention in Pakistani research.
Science and Romance: Philology’s Marginalization under the Trend of Structural Linguistics in the 20th Century— The Case of J. R. R. Tolkien
Authors: Linman Wu
Published: July 2024

J. R. R. Tolkien, the author of The Lord of the Rings, made his unique concept of language as the cornerstone of his academic thought and literary creation. He created an immortal epic legend, brought readers a sense of reality and created an awesome mythological system for Britain. However, he was often criticized for his lack of academic contributions. Combining the development and reasons of linguistics in the 20th century, this paper discusses Tolkien’s linguistic aesthetics, making a brief analysis of their academic significance, and demonstrates Tolkien’s efforts to save philology under the backdrop of structuralism.
The Cult of True Womanhood in Harriet Jacobs’ Narrative Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
Authors: Khattab Maisar
Published: July 2024

In a time where women were expected to abide all the rules that been put by men (the cult of true womanhood, a model was constructed by the white male patriarch), such model during the 19th century, it shaped and made women considerable. So, many women fought for their rights. Jacobs account challenges the cult of true womanhood qualities of purity, piety, domesticity, and submissiveness. Even though Incidents in the Life of a Slave girl is considered to be as an account of the brutalities and the atrocities that happened to slaves, especially women; however, the account reveals the opposite. It shows that such atrocities are in the favor of the slaves. These atrocities made the main character powerful and maintained her identity against all the odds. Also, because of the brutality that happened to her; it made her escape for her freedom. In this research paper, I will attempt to show how oppressing women lead them to agency and make them powerful by defying the patriarchal society they live in. Also, I will show how they challenge the cult of true womanhood, a term that was described by Barbara Welter in 1966 which consisted of four ideals, namely, piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity. According to Welter, “put them all together and they spelled mother, daughter, sister, wife—woman. Without them, no matter whether there was fame, achievement or wealth, all was ashes” (152). These ideals were not just objectives to aim for; however, they are elements of womanhood. Being a true woman was a serious responsibility, it was planted in young girls’ minds since their upbringing. I other words, I will show that none of the women mentioned in the narrative, white or black, have met the standards of the true cult of womanhood and how Jacobs’ memoir is used as a tool for her to express her voice and feelings.
Interferometers and Its Applications in Physics
Authors: Jalil Muhammad Arif Bin
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The interference phenomenon, which is usually brought about by the superimposition of electromagnetic waves, is employed by a collection of techniques collectively referred to as interferometry to gather data.[1] Interferometry is a helpful investigative tool in a number of fields, including astronomy, fibre optics, engineering metrology, optical metrology, oceanography, seismology, quantum mechanics, nuclear and particle physics, plasma physics, remote sensing, biomolecular interactions, surface profiling, microfluidics, mechanical stress/strain measurement, velocimetry, and optometry.[18]. Recently, they have even been able to identify almost undetectable gravitational wave motions [20]. Light interference has many real-world applications, particularly in the photonics and optics domains. Examples include holography, spectroscopy, laser interferometry, and optical coatings. It is also utilised in the areas of metrology, telecommunications, and microscopy [21].
Deep Learning-Based Prediction of COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia from Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Peruvazhuthi S
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In recent times, the novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as one of the most infectious diseases, causing significant public health crises across over 200 nations worldwide. Given the challenges associated with the timeconsuming and error-prone nature of detecting COVID-19 through Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR), there is a growing reliance on alternative methods, such as examining chest X-ray (CXR) images. Viral pneumonia symptoms include a persistent cough with mucus, fever, chills, shortness of breath, and chest pain, especially during deep breaths or coughing. These symptoms often overlap significantly with those of other respiratory infections, including COVID-19. Accurately predicting COVID-19 severity and distinguishing it from viral pneumonia is crucial for effective patient management. Deep learning models offer promise in automating this process. The chest X-ray (CXR) images undergo preprocessing through Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) to improve their quality. These enhanced images are fed into ResNet50 and EfficientNet-B0, both renowned deep learning models. Comparative evaluation demonstrates ResNet50 achieving an accuracy of 92.58%, whereas EfficientNet-B0 achieves a higher accuracy of 93.08%. This study underscores the efficacy of deep learning in COVID-19 prediction. The findings suggest EfficientNet-B0’s potential for improved diagnostic accuracy. This methodology presents a promising approach for automated, accurate COVID-19 severity prediction and differentiation from viral pneumonia, aiding timely medical interventions.
Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Breast Self-Examination among Adolescent Girls in selected Higher Secondary Schools at Guwahati, Assam
Authors: Somowal Ms. Rimjim
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Background: Breast is a very vital organ of a female’s body and females are very conscious about it as they will be depressed if they have any disease or illness related to this organ. A breast self-examination helps to understand the normal look and feel of the breast. By regularly examining their breasts women become familiar with their normal feel and thus are more able to detect subtle changes. Methodology: A quantitative research approach was adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge regarding breast self-examination among adolescent girls in selected higher secondary schools at Guwahati, assam. 101 adolescent girls were selected using a probability simple random sampling technique from Arya Vidyapeeth Higher Secondary School and Prachya Bharati Senior Secondary School. A self-structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of the adolescent girls on breast self-examination.
Comparative Study of Conventional Bridge and Balance Centilever Bridge
Authors: Alam Farhaz
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The study compares balanced cantilever and conventional bridge designs, diving into their engineering details like how much weight they can bear, their cost-effectiveness, and their impact on the environment. It looks at real-life examples to give a thorough picture of how well each type of bridge holds up over time and how eco-friendly they are. It also considers things like how they look, how much maintenance they need, and how well they can handle earthquakes, providing a complete view for engineers, planners, and decision-makers in bridge construction. The paper even talks about how the bridges look and how they fit into their surroundings. Plus, it focuses on how well each design can handle earthquakes and heavy traffic. By putting all these aspects together, the report gives a detailed understanding of what each type of bridge does well and where it could use some improvement. Its goal is to help professionals make better choices when they're designing and building bridges.
A Security Assessment Framework Based on Cloud Technology: An Experimental Study
Authors: Rathore Anupam
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Cloud computing has revolutionized data management, processing, and storage by offering unparalleled flexibility, scalability, and cost-efficiency. However, these benefits come with significant security challenges. This study presents a comprehensive security assessment framework tailored for cloud environments, designed to identify and mitigate potential security threats. The framework integrates various security measures, including risk assessment, vulnerability scanning, and compliance checks. Experimental validation involved deploying the framework in a controlled cloud setup and testing it against simulated security scenarios. Results indicate high effectiveness in risk assessment, with a 90% accuracy rate, and vulnerability scanning, with detection rates exceeding 90% for critical vulnerabilities. Compliance checks show adherence to major standards such as GDPR and HIPAA. While the framework demonstrates robust protection capabilities, areas for improvement include faster incident response times and enhanced user awareness training. Future research should focus on integrating advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning to further enhance threat detection and response capabilities. This framework offers a robust and adaptable solution for organizations seeking to secure their cloud environments against emerging threats, ensuring continuous protection and regulatory compliance
THE PROCESS OF HUMAN CREATION IN THE QUR'AN (AN ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY STUDY)
Authors: Juwaini Juwaini
Published: July 2024

Human beings, as perfect creatures of Allah, possess the capability to comprehend themselves, the universe, and their Creator. In their creation, Allah brings humans from non-existence to existence, from conception to birth, and ultimately back to Him. In their endeavor to understand their existence, humans need to investigate the processes of their creation. Philosophy serves as a tool of interpretation to comprehend matters beyond scientific inquiry, addressing questions concerning the creation process of humans, their essence, and their resurrection in the afterlife. This research employs the method of Islamic Philosophy (Irfani) with a qualitative approach. The findings indicate that the Quran elucidates the creation process of humans and their resurrection, wherein Adam is the first human, followed by Hawa and subsequent generations. Humans then undergo the barzakh realm after death before being resurrected on the Day of Judgment by Allah. The perspectives of Islamic philosophers such as Ibn Sina, al-Farabi, and al-Ghazali differ regarding resurrection, whether it pertains solely to the spiritual, physical, or both aspects. Lastly, three possibilities exist: firstly, Allah revives the deceased bodies; secondly, human souls persist after death with complete bodily restoration; and thirdly, human souls are reunited with either new or original bodies. This study provides an understanding of the processes, resurrection, and essence of humans in the Quran and Islamic philosophical tradition.
RAḌĀ’AH IN THE QUR’AN: THE RELATIONSHIP OF UNDERSTANDING AND PRACTICE OF BREASTFEEDING AMONG MOTHERS IN ULEE KARENG, BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA
Authors: Nurullah Nurullah , Zaini Muhammad , Jamila Cut Nurul
Published: July 2024

The Qur’an in Surah al-Baqarah verse 233 emphasizes that the breastfeeding (raḍā’ah) period is two full years for those who want to perfect it; however, raḍā’ah up to two full years is not yet popular among Indonesian people and its prevalence is unknown. This study aims to explore the level of understanding, level of practice and relationship between understanding and practice of raḍā’ah among breastfeeding mothers in Ulee Kareng Subdistrict, Banda Aceh, Aceh Province. This field study used an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 54 respondents, and the sample was determined using the Frank Lynch formula. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 20. The data for the first and second research questions were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively by calculating the average scores and percentages. The data for the third question were analyzed using the Crosstab facility using the Spearman Rank Correlation Test inferential statistics. The results showed that the level of understanding of breastfeeding mothers in Ulee Kareng regarding raḍā’ah was high with an average value of 3.29 and the level of practice was also high with an average value of 3.37. The relationship between the understanding of and the practice of raḍā’ah among breastfeeding mothers in Ulee Kareng indicates a significant relationship with a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), in which Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected. The correlation coefficient value of 0.844 signifies a very strong relationship between mothers’ understanding and breastfeeding practice in Ulee Kareng Subdistrict, Banda Aceh.
Simplicius on Empedocles: A note on his commentary in Phys. 157.25–161.20
Authors:   I. Kant Baltic Federal University, Afonasina Anna S.
Published: July 2024

The present study attempts to show what influence a commentary can have on the formation of ideas about a preceding philosophical tradition. A case in point is Simplicius’ commentary on Aristotle’s “Physics” and on fragments of Empedocles’ poem. The selected passage, though small in size, is quite remarkable in terms of content and the way Simplicius deals with it. With regard to content, we are dealing here with one of the fundamental problematic plots of Empedocles’ philosophy about the alternate rule of Love and Strife. But Simplicius adds to this his own view of Empedocles’ philosophy, dictated by his desire to harmonize the views of all the pagan philosophers and place them within a single consistent scheme. Simplicius wanted to counterpose something to Christianity, which was gaining in strength, and to show that all Greek philosophy developed along a certain path and contains no internal disagreements. On the one hand, Simplicius has preserved for us very valuable material — fairly lengthy sections of the text of Empedocles’ poem. On the other hand, wishing to implement his program, Simplicius chose those fragments of the poem that fit well into it. Therefore, the question arises whether we should take into account the context in which the fragments are quoted, or simply extract from the general body of the commentary those fragments of Empedocles’ poem that we need and consider them independently?
Commenting on medieval chronicles: Between fiction and truth (on the material of the “History of Spain”, 13th century)
Authors:   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Ershova Irina V. ,   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The present article is devoted to the problem of commenting on medieval chronicles (on the example of the Old Spanish Estoria de España by Alfonso X the Wise, 13th с.) and the need not only to search for the sources of certain large and small stories, but also to explain the choice of words, naming, and the mechanism of putting together various stories from the point of view of the problem of truth/fiction (verdad /fabula) in the perception of the medieval chronicler, for whom an important goal is to present his story as truth and to make it compelling for the listener and reader. As an example, we examine the well-known chronicle story about the genealogy of the Huns (Jordan, St. Jerome, Sigebert of Gembloux), refined and edited by the editors of the Spanish chronicle, as well as two etiological legends about the origin of significant toponyms and the founding of the most important cities of Spain (the legend of the marriage of Liberia, daughter of Span; the legend of King Rocas). The studied stories have shown that the task of creating a reliable story is achieved either by deliberately creating a new, unknown narrative (the stories of Liberia and Rocas) without a clearly identifiable source, or by consciously clarifying and changing traditional information (satyrs as progenitors of the Huns).
A Roman province in the mirror of pop-culture
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University, Kiryukhin Dmitriy V. , Kuprin Aleksandr S. ,   Saint Tikhon’s Orthodox University for the Humanities
Published: July 2024

A review of: Baryshnikov, A. (2023). Rimskaia Britaniia: 12 lektsii dlia proekta Magisteriia [Roman Britain: 12 lectures for the Magisteria project]. Rosebud Publishing. 516 p. (In Russian)
On the meaning of the logogram LÚ(.MEŠ)MAŠ.EN.KAK in Hittite cuneiform
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Aleksandrov Boris E.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the use of the logogram LÚ(.MEŠ)MAŠ.EN.KAK in Hittite texts. This logogram was borrowed from Mesopotamian cuneiform, in which it rendered the Akkadian word muškēnum (lit. ‘the one who bows down, performs proskynesis’). In 1950 E. Laroche showed that the logogram should be read as ašiwant- ‘poor’ in Hittite. However, subsequently several scholars have pointed out that this meaning did not fit well into many contexts. Therefore it was suggested that LÚ(.MEŠ)MAŠ.EN.KAK was rather a social term referring to a certain group of Hittite population dependent of the state (‘palace’) (V. Souček, I. M. Diakonoff). Such renderings of the logogram as ‘semi-free, dependent, serfs, servants’ which are widely used in the literature conform with this interpretation. But there seem to be insufficient evidence in the sources to substantiate these translations. The article analyses two texts from ancient Tapikka (HKM 8, 105) which were not yet known in the 1960s when the main study on the Hittite LÚ(.MEŠ)MAŠ.EN.KAK appeared. It is suggested that the solution should be sought in the Mesopotamian tradition of the Old Babylonian time in which the Akkadian equivalent of the logogram, the noun muškēnum, denoted commoners, ordinary citizens economically independent of the palace.
Homeric quotations in the ancient scholia to Hesiod’s poem Works and Days
Authors:   HSE University, Bogdanova Olga A.
Published: July 2024

In the scholia vetera for Hesiod’s poem Works and Days, 35 verses are explained with a reference to Homer’s poems and one verse is commented on with a reference to Homer as Hesiod’s rival in a poetic contest. As a rule, scholia do not contain argumentation or references to sources, so scholia that use references to another text as an argument stand out and are interesting material for research. For Hesiod’s Works and Days, the main precedent texts, i. e. texts used to interpret the main one, are the Iliad and the Odyssey, which is explained by the traditional perception in antiquity of Hesiod and Homer as close, even related authors. Using Diaz Lavado’s proposed classification of Homeric quotations in Plutarch’s treatises as the basis for our approach, we consider the references to Homer in the corpus of antique scholia to Works and Days from the point of view of their function: whether they serve to embellish the commentary or do they in fact help to clarify the meaning of Hesiod’s text. Our study shows that Homer’s poems are mostly referred to in order to clarify Works and Days (32 verses are commented in this way) — realities, meanings of words and various points which probably needed clarification already in the Hellenistic era. The ancient scholiasts perceive the Homeric texts as the basis for Hesiod’s use of mythological, historical, linguistic and figurative material, and in constructing their own reflections they themselves actively rely on Homeric material. Only in three cases the appeal to the Homeric texts likely serves exclusively to demonstrate the scholiasts’ knowledge of Homeric texts and points to the most famous fragments of Homeric poems cited in antiquity.
Commenting on Pindar (Pyth. 5.10–11): Does Castor “flood the hearth” or “ignite the hearth”?
Authors:   HSE University, Akhunova Olga L.
Published: July 2024

The task of this short paper is to show, using the example of v. 10–11 of Pindar’s Fifth Pythian Ode, that the semantics of the verb καταιθύσσω is misunderstood, and that this erroneous understanding has been recorded in almost all dictionaries, starting with the dictionary LSJ. As a result, the meaning of many poetic contexts, where the verb αἰθύσσω and its variants with prefixes appear, is distorted, losing the metaphor embedded in them. Analysis of the etymology and semantics of the group αἰθύσσω — ἀναιθύσσω — διαιθύσσω — καταιθύσσω — παραιθύσσω leads to the conclusion that “fire/ignition” is a basic seme of the semantic spectrum of the verb αἰθύσσω and its prefixal variants. Being rarely used, verbs of this group gradually lost their connection with the idea of fire-ignition, and modern dictionaries are guided by the meaning that ancient commentators saw in this group of verbs. My interpretation of the semantics of the verb makes it possible to see the image that stands behind the metaphorical description of Castor’s favor to King Arcesilaus: it is likened to kindling a fire in the hearth, and the prefix κατα- indicates that the action is performed from top to bottom, that is, from a height. And in this case, the translation of vv. 10–11 is as follows: “he ignites your blessed hearth with serenity”.
Online Users’ Perception of Sensational Political News Posted on Online News Portals of Astro Awani and Malaysiakini
Authors: Ambikapathy Manimegalai , Mohamad Fisol Qistina Fisha
Published: July 2024

Today, newspapers either online or printed play important roles to convey political information to the public. The usage of sensationalism is a strategy for grabbing the attention of a crowd. Politicians and media outlets alike frequently rely on sensationalism to advance their goals. The purpose of this research is to study what is the perception of online users towards sensational political news on the online news portal of Astro Awani and Malaysiakini. The researcher employed a qualitative method via in-depth interviews. Users of online news portals read political news on online platforms to know more about contemporary problems confronting Malaysia's political system.
Percepciones del personal docente acerca del uso ético de la inteligencia artificial en su labor educativa
Authors: Alfaro Salas Hazel , Díaz Porras Jorge Alonso
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del artículo se enfocó en analizar la percepción que tiene el personal docente costarricense con respecto al uso ético de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en su labor educativa. El documento se adentra en la inteligencia artificial en la educación, abordando su definición, características y cómo es percibida por el personal docente de niveles de primaria, secundaria y universitaria de Costa Rica. También examina las consideraciones éticas en su implementación en la enseñanza y la diversidad de herramientas de IA, su aplicación y la experiencia de las personas docentes en su uso. La investigación se llevó a cabo utilizando un enfoque mixto concurrente y se apoyó en técnicas de análisis descriptivos. Además, la recopilación de datos se realizó a través de un cuestionario, en el que participaron 134 personas docentes de todo el ámbito educativo costarricense. Para el análisis de datos, se emplearon estrategias cualitativas y cuantitativas. Los resultados indican que la familiaridad del personal docente con la inteligencia artificial en la educación es limitada. Asimismo, algunas personas desconocen las capacidades de la IA para adaptar el contenido al aprendizaje individualizado, aunque consideran que podría ayudar a apoyar al estudiantado. Se concluye que el personal docente revela una comprensión de la importancia en relación con el abordaje y las implicaciones éticas del uso de la IA en el aula. Finalmente, es necesaria una mayor formación sobre el uso óptimo de las herramientas de IA.
Análisis y tendencias en el uso de chatbots y agentes conversacionales en el campo de la educación: una revisión bibliométrica
Authors: Arias-Chávez Dennis , Ramos-Quispe Teresa , Cangalaya Sevillano Luis Miguel
Published: July 2024

Los agentes conversacionales (CAs) han recorrido un largo camino desde su primera aparición en la década de 1960. Avances tecnológicos continuos, como la informática estadística y los grandes modelos del lenguaje, vienen logrando una interacción cada vez más natural y sin esfuerzo entre humanos. El presente estudio realizó una revisión bibliométrica sobre el uso de los chatbots en el contexto educativo, recopilando los documentos científicos de la base de datos Scopus. Los resultados destacan los vacíos de conocimiento de la investigación; asimismo, se evidencian múltiples direcciones para futuras investigaciones basadas en aprendizaje colaborativo (collaborative learning), agentes conversacionales encarnados (embodied conversational agents), agentes conversacionales pedagógicos (pedagogical conversational agents), procesamiento del lenguaje natural (natural language processing) y agentes racionales (rational agents). La investigación contribuye a la teoría científica sobre los chatbots y su incidencia en la educación al establecer un repaso bibliométrico del tema y mostrar implicaciones prácticas al resaltar las oportunidades de investigación y vacíos de conocimiento.
Aprendizaje basado en proyectos en el abordaje de los Juegos Olímpicos Tokio 2020: Una experiencia interdisciplinar
Authors: Añazco Martinez Luis Alfredo
Published: July 2024

El trabajo colaborativo entre docentes permite abordar experiencias de aprendizaje innovadoras que faculten el uso de las tecnologías educativas de forma interdisciplinar. Es así como realizar actividades orientadas a un currículum basado en las competencias permite trabajar metodologías activas como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP) y el uso de la evaluación formativa. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la experiencia educativa es presentar el proyecto de aula interdisciplinar, por medio del tema de los Juegos Olímpicos, siendo la asignatura de Educación Física base para abordar el ABP. Para ello, las personas docentes han generado reuniones de trabajo en Google Meet ® por medio del desarrollo de una planificación donde participan todas las asignaturas y el equipo multidisciplinario en el curso de Tercero Básico. El planteamiento del problema ha nacido del interés de estudiantes y las asignaturas ejes corresponden a  Educación Física y Salud e Historia en apoyo de las demás. El proyecto durante su proceso utiliza la plataforma de Google Drive® para compartir las actividades del personal docente, el cual presenta sus estados de avances que son retroalimentados entre las mismas personas participantes Es así como el profesorado valoró de manera positiva trabajar de forma interdisciplinar con base en la metodología activa del ABP sobre un tema en común. Además, se destaca el uso de los entornos virtuales para trabajar las etapas del proyecto. Sin embargo, se requiere aumentar las experiencias basadas en metodologías activas.
The Relationship between Teachers’ Burn out and Job Satisfaction: Testing a Parallel Multiple Mediator Model of Grit and Perceiving a Calling
Authors: Kim Sung-Sim , Kang Seung-Hee , Lee Eun-Hwa ,   Regional Entrepreneurship Education Research Center
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological burnout, grit, perceiving a calling, and job satisfaction of secondary school teachers. Method: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 255 secondary school teachers, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results: First, it was found that the psychological burnout of secondary school teachers had a negative effect on grit, perceiving a calling, and job satisfaction. Second, the perceiving a calling had a positive effect on job satisfaction and partially mediated the relationship between psychological burnout and job satisfaction. Third, in the relationship between psychological burnout and job satisfaction of secondary school teachers, the effect of perceiving a calling was significantly greater than that of grit. Conclusion: Based on the relationship between psychological burnout, grit, and perceiving a calling that affects teachers' job satisfaction, it is necessary to use it as basic data for the pre-service teacher training process and policy-making process for teacher competency development.
Vidensforståelser i professionshøjskolesektoren – en diskursanalyse
Authors: Larsen Verner , Buch Anders
Published: July 2024

I 2008 blev der indført en ny politik for vidensproduktion på professionshøjskolerne i Danmark. Professionshøjskolerne skulle aktivt indgå i samarbejde om professions- og udviklingsbaseret vidensproduktion. Senere, i 2013/14, blev lovgrundlaget justeret, så forsknings- og udviklingsarbejde under ét blev en ret og en pligt. Formålet med lovændringerne var, at viden skulle blive mere anvendelsesorienteret for professionerne. Derudover skulle viden bevæge sig dynamisk mellem forskning, professionspraksis og uddannelse og derigennem være med til at opbygge og vedligeholde uddannelsernes såkaldte vidensgrundlag. Gennem en diskursanalyse redegør vi i denne artikel for, hvordan viden er søgt begrebsliggjort gennem lovgivning og implementering på professionshøjskolerne. Analysen er baseret på et dokumentstudie af lovtekster samt rapporter fra Danmarks Evalueringsinstitut. De analyserede dokumenter fremskriver et skifte i vidensopfattelse fra en såkaldt nedsivningsmodel til en videnskredsløbsmodel. Analysen viser, at teksternes mange definitioner og referencer ikke har givet kredsløbsmetaforen et mere konkret betydningsindhold, men at vidensbegrebet om forskning og udvikling på professionshøjskolerne er blevet stadig mere flydende med mulighed for forskellige diskursive positioneringer.
English abstract
Understandings of Knowledge in the University College Sector: A Discourse Analysis
In 2008, a new policy for knowledge production was introduced at Denmark’s university colleges. These institutions were required to actively engage in collaboration on professional and development-based knowledge production. Later, in 2013/14, the legislative foundation was adjusted, making research and development work a right and a duty. The purpose of these legislative changes was to make knowledge more application-oriented for the professions. Furthermore, knowledge was intended to move dynamically between research, professional practice, and education, thereby helping to build and maintain the knowledge base of the educations. In this article, through a discourse analysis, we describe how knowledge has been sought to be conceptualized through legislation and implementation at the university colleges. The analysis is based on a study of documents, namely legal texts and reports from The Danish Evaluation Institute. The analyzed documents describe a shift in the perception of knowledge, from a so-called trickle-down model to a knowledge circulation model. The analysis shows that the many definitions and references in the texts have not given the circulation metaphor a more concrete meaning, but that the concept of knowledge about research and development in university colleges has become increasingly fluid, allowing for various discursive positionings.