bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF BETAINE-RICH NANO FERTILIZER ON IMPROVING PHYSIOLOGY OF Zea mays var. saccharata AND Arabidopsis thaliana UNDER SALT STRESS
Authors: ADIBAH FADZIL SUHAIMI FADZILLAH , JAHAN MD SARWAR , NUR FATIHAH HASAN NUDIN , ALIAS NADIAWATI , KHANDAKER MOHAMMAD MONERUZZAMAN
Published: March 2022

Salinity is the second major obstacle after drought conditions that hinder the high productivity of plants. Many factors contribute to the salinity problem, consequently affects the plant physiology, growth as well as production. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effects of betaine-rich Nano fertilizer on physiological parameters of sweet corn (Z. mays var. saccharata) and A. thaliana under salt stress. In this study, plants were grown in a controlled plant growth room. Five salinity levels (S0:0 dS/m, S1:2 dS/m, S2:4 dS/m, S3:6 dS/m, and S4:8 dS/m), two concentrations of betaine (B0:0 mM and B1: 50 mM) and the application of Nano fertilizer (N0: without Nano fertilizer and N1: with Nano fertilizer) were tested in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Data for chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence (FV/FM), and leaf relative water content (RWC) were recorded. The results were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan posthoc test. Sweet corn and A. thaliana under salt stress showed a significant increase in chlorophyll content and leaf RWC, but not in FV/FM. Therefore, it is anticipated that betaine-rich Nano fertilizer could reduce salt stress by improving the physiological parameters in sweet corn as well as in A. thaliana.
EFFECT OF HOT WATER TREATMENT WITH CALCIUM DIPS ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF TOMATO
Authors: HAO WONG JING , MOHD NAWI IFFAH HAZIRAH , MOHD IDRIS NOR IDZWANA
Published: March 2022

Tomato is fruit vegetables sustaining valuable benefits in economy and nutrition. It has a high content of Vitamin C and lycopene. Being a climacteric fruit, tomato is perishable and has a short shelf life. To improve the storage quality of tomato, the effect of hot water treatment and calcium dips on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was studied. Tomato fruits were dipped in two temperatures (40°C and 50°C) of the hot water bath for 2 minutes before treatment of 2% calcium chloride for 2 minutes. The fruits were stored at 10°C ± 2°C in the cold room at a relative humidity of 80-95%. Changes in weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, and lycopene content were observed and recorded on 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 days of storage. Hot water treatment at 50°C with 2% of calcium chloride can control the weight loss and firmness of tomato with the low level of total soluble solids and acidity and retained the level of ascorbic acid. This treatment prone to extend shelf life, delay ripening and retained the postharvest quality of tomato.
EFFECTS OF PURE AND FAKE HONEY ON GLUCOSE AND LIPID PROFILE in vitro AND in vivo STUDY
Authors: ZULKIFLI MUHAMMAD FAIZ , SAMAT SUHANA , MOHD AZAM NURUL SHAHIRAH , ENCHANG FRANCIS KANYAN , RAZAK ABDULLAH ABD , HUSSEIN FUZINA NOR , ISMAIL WAN IRYANI WAN
Published: March 2022

Honey authenticity is one of the most critical honey trading issues worldwide. Fake honey (FH) represents almost 80% of the honey market in Malaysia. Apart from violating consumer’s rights, FH consists of none of the beneficial nutritional value other than pure honey (PH). Moreover, prolonged consumption of FH may cause harm to human health. However, data regarding these issues is limited. In this study, both PH and FH were tested using 3T3-L1 adipocytes and in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese Sprague Dawley rats. Initially, a physicochemical analysis was performed on both the honey samples according to the Codex Alimentarius Commission and International Honey Commission procedures. After 72 hr, PH significantly reduced lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels in the adipocytes. In the rats, low glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were significantly detected after orally administered for 16 weeks. Conversely, FH significantly induced higher lipid accumulation and triglyceride levels in adipocytes and excess high blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in rats. The results demonstrated that FH has negative effects on lipid metabolism, and prolonged consumption may cause health complications. Furthermore, prompt actions are required to address this problem.
EFFECTS OF KAFFIR LIME PEEL EXTRACT AND GINGER EXTRACT ON THE POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF TOMATO
Authors: IBRAHIM NURUL FAZIHA , ROSTAM NUR FAZLEEN SYUHADA , AZMAN NOR AMIRA IZATI NOR , RAZAK SHAMSUL BAHRI ABDUL
Published: March 2022

Harvested tomatoes are very sensitive to changing environments and rough handling techniques. This practice becomes a major challenge to the sellers either for fresh market or long-distance market to maintain the quality and prolong its shelf life. Fungal disease and mechanical injuries due to improper handling practice will deteriorate the fruits, thus reducing the customer’s acceptability and its market value. This study was aimed to provide a low-cost technique by evaluating the potential of aqueous kaffir lime peel extract (KLE) and aqueous ginger extract (GG) in maintaining the quality of tomatoes. For this purpose, healthy tomatoes at stage 5 were dipped in 20% GG, 25% KLE and 50% KLE before incubated at room temperature. The data on postharvest parameters namely weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), and lycopene content were recorded at two days intervals. The results show that 25% KLE and 50% KLE recorded a good promising agent to maintain the quality of tomatoes. Also, treatment of tomatoes with 50% KLE can significantly preserve the weight, firmness, TSS, and lycopene content of the fruits. None of the tomatoes treated with 20% GG showed significant results in this study. The output of this study will provide important information on the potential of KLE and GG in prolonging the shelf life of tomatoes.
CHALLENGES TO THE ADOPTION OF MODERN CROP BIOTECHNOLOGY: INSIGHTS FROM INDIAN AND MALAYSIAN GM REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS
Authors: SINGH JASDEEP KAUR DARSAN , JALALUDDIN NURZATIL SHARLEEZA MAT , SANAN-MISHRA NEETI , HARIKRISHNA JENNIFER ANN
Published: March 2022

The emerging use of genetic engineering technology led to the establishment of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in 2001. India and Malaysia are signatories to the Protocol, having established regulatory measures governing the use of biotechnological genetic modification including regulation of genetically engineered crops from research to open cultivation and post-market surveillance. India and Malaysia have developed biosafety policies that display some similarities but also many differences, consequently impacting the practicalities of applying the technology to development and deployment of new crop varieties. The objective of this paper is to compare biosafety policies and regulatory frameworks that India and Malaysia have in place for the use of modern biotechnology. We highlight the implications of imposing rigid requirements as well as lacking harmonized policies on the approval process and trade flows, identifying these as potential barriers to the optimal use of modern crop biotechnology. We also briefly discuss how current interpretations of Living Modified Organisms and Genetically Modified Organisms in India and Malaysia will influence the pace of crops developed from new plant breeding techniques and propose options to regulate these technologies based on experience from other countries.
PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST OF FRESHWATER FISHES OF ULU PAIP ECO-PARK FOREST, KEDAH, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Authors: AQMAL-NASER MOHAMAD , B. AHMAD AMIRRUDIN
Published: March 2022

This report is the first on freshwater fishes of Ulu Paip Eco-Park Forest, Kedah, which aims to document the fish species richness in this recreational forest. All species were collected from the main stream, Sungai Karangan, and its unnamed tributaries. In total, 20 species of fishes from 10 families were recorded. Cyprinidae is the most dominant family with six species followed by Danionidae with three species. Other families contribute at least one species each. Most of the species recorded here are commonly found in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia. Further studies should be expected to record more species and the utilization of various sampling gear such as electro fishing technique would be able to recordthe true species richness of fishes in this area.
MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT RICE VARIETIES SUBJECTED TO DROUGHT STRESS AT EARLY VEGETATIVE STAGE
Authors: KARIM MOHD FAUZIHAN , MOHD ROSELY NUR FARAH SUHADA , MOHD KAMIL NUR AINI , CHE AMRI CHE NURUL AINI
Published: March 2022

Drought is a climate problem which has become a major constraint on crop production and causing social and economic devastation to local farmers worldwide. This climate issue has been the most destructive factors for rice cultivation and therefore requires scientist to be more responsive to this problem. In this study, we investigated the effect of drought stress at an early vegetative stage on plant growth, physiology and root anatomy of a few selected known tolerance rice varieties. Rice seeds were first germinated on moisturized filter papers before transplanted into polybags filled with topsoils. Drought treatment was imposed 4 weeks after transplanting until the first sign of rolled leaves were seen. In this study, drought had no major impact on plant height but reduced dry matter accumulation was seen in all varieties. Drought exposure had also triggered changes in the overall content of chlorophyll but not in the composition of chlorophyll a and b. Meanwhile, plants subject to drought in some parameters had better root morphology and structure compared to normal irrigation, especially in Kuku Belang, Apami and Huma Wangi Lenggong. However, depending on the variety, the responses varied in different order of magnitude.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PROPOLIS FROM Trigona thoracica TOWARDS CARIOGENIC BACTERIA
Authors: TUAN ISMAIL TUAN NADRAH NAIM , CHOO WEE NICHOLAS SIM , SHAFII NOORAZLIYANA , KASSIM NURKARYATEE , SHAHIDAN WAN NAZATUL SHIMA , IBRAHIM HANIM AFZAN
Published: March 2022

Propolis is an important bee product which consists of resinous mixture produce by the honeybees from various plant sources. Propolis produced by stingless bee (Trigona thoracica), commonly known as ‘Kelulut’ in Malaysia, is also known to have medicinal values. The Trigona thoracica bees are widely distributed throughout Malaysia. The properties of propolis from Trigona thoracica have been investigated in vitro and in vivo. It is renowned to have various biological activities as the antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antiinflammatory and anticancer. Currently, there is limited scientific studies that show antimicrobial activities of propolis against the oral pathogens. Thus, this study is carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of ethanol extracts of propolis (EEP) from Trigona thoracica against cariogenic bacteria (S. mutans & S. sobrinus). This study is performed using the agar well diffusion assay to screen the antimicrobial activity of EEP from Trigona thoracica expressed as mean of inhibition diameter and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of EEP will be determined by the broth microdilution method. The mean of inhibition diameter and MIC between EEP and standard antibiotic (metronidazole) against S. mutans and S. sobrinus is not statistically different. In conclusion, EEP from Trigona thoracica has antimicrobial properties against cariogenic bacteria.
EFFECTS OF SMOOTH, MEDIUM SMOOTH AND MEDIUM RECONSTRUCTION KERNELS ON IMAGE QUALITY IN THREE-PHASE CT OF LIVER
Authors: AMERUDDIN NUR AMALINA , MD DOM SULAIMAN , MAHMUD MOHD HAFIZI
Published: March 2022

Reconstruction kernel is one of the parameters that affects the computed tomography (CT) image quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of applying three different reconstruction kernels on image quality in 3-phased CT of the liver. A total of 63 CT liver images including normal liver (n = 43) and liver lesion (n = 20) were retrospectively reviewed. Smooth (B20f), medium smooth (B30f) and medium (B40f) reconstruction kernels were employed in the image reconstruction process. Mean attenuation, image noise, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values from each kernel reconstruction were quantified and compared among those kernels using One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical analysis. Significant changes in image noise and SNR were observed in the normal liver (p < 0.001, respectively) following the application of those reconstruction kernels. However, no significant changes in mean attenuation, image noise, and SNR were demonstrated in the liver lesion (p > 0.05). Application of smooth (B20f), medium smooth (B30f), and medium (B40f) kernel reconstructions would significantly affect the image noise and SNR in the normal liver of CT images instead of liver lesions. Hence, proper selection of reconstruction kernel is important in CT images reconstruction to improve precision in diagnostic CT interpretation.
ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANDROGENIC PROPERTIES OF Moringa oleifera LEAVES AQUEOUS EXTRACT ATTENUATE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IN DIABETES-INDUCED MALE RATS
Authors: KAMAR BASHAH NURUL AIN , MAT NOOR MAHANEM
Published: March 2022

Moringa oleifera leaves were essential for lowering blood glucose levels and increasing androgen levels. This study evaluates the antihyperglycemic properties of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaves aqueous extract and its effect on diabetes-induced male Sprague Dawley rats in attenuating sexual dysfunction. A total of 40 mature male rats were divided into four main groups which were normal control group that received 1 mL of distilled water, the negative control group which did not receive any treatment, positive control group that received 500 mg/kg body weight of metformin, and MO treated group that received 400 mg/kg body weight of Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract. All groups were analyzed after 14 and 21 days for their fasting blood glucose level (FBGL) and sexual behavior (mounting latency and mounting frequency). Analysis of testosterone level was also conducted using the testosterone kit of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data of the treatment group were compared to the control group subjected to one-way ANOVA using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 analysis. The FBGL of diabetes-induced rats treated with Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract significantly decreased (p<0.05) and the plasma testosterone level increased (p<0.05) compared to the negative and positive control groups. Diabetes- induced rats treated with Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract also showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in mounting latency and increase (p<0.05) in mounting frequency within 15 min of the observation period. This study demonstrated that Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract could reduce FBGL significantly and improve the sexual dysfunction of diabetes- induced male rats.
ACUTE AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY PROFILE OF (3-(2,5-DIMETHOXYPHENYL)-1-(5-METHYLFURAN-2-YL) PROP-2-EN-1-ONE, CHALCONE DERIVATIVE IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: ABU BAKAR NOOR AZLINA , SULIMAN NOOR AZUIN , SULAIMAN MOHD ROSLAN , AKHTAR NADEEM
Published: March 2022

Evaluation of toxicity induced in laboratory animals is paramount to the screening step in the assessment of the safety profile of all compounds. 3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(5-methyl furan-2-yl) prop-2-en-1-one (DMPF-1); synthetic chalcone derivative has been investigated due to its pharmacological properties, including its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory. However, the safety profile of this compound is yet to be determined. The present study seeks to highlight the toxicity effect of this compound using acute and subacute toxicity studies in the mice model. A single highest dose (1000 mg/kg) and repeated dose (0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg) of DMPF-1 supplementation were executed. All toxicity study performed was supported by behavioural and body weight changes, haematological, serum biochemical analysis, macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the vital organs. The present result simplifies that DMPF-1 compound supplementation for four weeks is non-toxic as it caused no significant alteration in mice body weight and behaviour. Besides, no significant changes in haematological and biochemical parameters were observed. Further evaluation of its safety profile was confirmed by the normal architecture of the tissues organs obtained. Collectively, this report showed that DMPF-1 was safe to be consumed.
EVALUATION OF PROGRAM DEATH 1 (PD-1) AND PD-1 LIGAND (PD-L1) EXPRESSIONS IN HISTOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF PRIMARY EXTRANODAL NON HODGKIN LYMPHOMA.
Authors: MOHAMMAD MOHAIDIN FARHANA , PUSPANATHAN PAVITRATHA , CHE JALIL NUR ASYILLA , HUSSAIN FAEZAHTUL ARBAEYAH
Published: March 2022

Programmed death 1 (PD-1) protein and its ligands, PD-L1 are two proteins that have been widely studied in many solid tumours. However, only limited observations were made in lymphomas, which were mainly Hodgkin lymphomas. We aimed to evaluate the expressions of PD-1 in the tumour microenvironment and PD-L1 in the tumour cells of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (peNHL). A cross-sectional study using 87 archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from patients diagnosed with peNHL. Immunohistochemistry stainings for PD-1 and PD-L1 were done. The protein expressions were evaluated microscopically. The association between expressions of the PD-1 and PD-L1 with the histological subtypes of peNHL were statistically analysed. 46 (52.9%) of the cases had a negative expression of PD-L1 in the tumour cells and 57 (65.5%) had positive PD-1 expression in the tumour microenvironment. Significant associations were found between PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions with subtypes of peNHL (p<0.05). Positive expressions of both proteins were found in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Our study explored the expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 in peNHL that has demonstrated a significant association of PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions with subtypes of peNHL, which may provide additional information to the future study of these proteins.
Que corpo é esse? As inquietantes faces das body modifications
Authors: Farias Vivian
Published: March 2022

Neste livro, Vivian Madeira Faria articula dois temas importantes: o corpo e a sua modificação por meio da Body Modification. Abordar o corpo remonta aos primórdios da psicanálise. Foi por meio da subversão do corpo no seu sentido biológico que a psicanálise se constituiu, quando Freud notou que o corpo apresenta manifestações para além do anatomofisiológico. Ou seja: o corpo constitui e é constituído também pelo psíquico. Para desenvolver o tema a que se propôs, a autora pormenorizou com maestria e riqueza teórica o estatuto do corpo para a psicanálise, acompanhando o percurso freudiano desde a noção do corpo autoerótico e fragmentado, passando pelo corpo unificado pelo narcisismo, pelas montagens da pulsão como representante psíquico dos estímulos corporais e, por fim, pela noção do Eu como sendo, sobretudo, um Eu corporal. Pensar e discutir as modificações corporais é de extrema importância. E aqui reside a grande contribuição de Vivian: contextualizar a Body Modification com cautela para não cair na patologização dessa prática. Ela provoca a reflexão, sustentada pela teoria freudiana, de que tais modificações podem ser um caminho de tentativa de simbolização dos conflitos psíquicos, bem como representar um processo de libidinização do corpo, envolvendo uma passagem ao narcisismo, o que pode despertar o sentimento de apropriação do corpo, e nos convida a explorar as inquietações que as modificações produzem tanto na pessoa modificada como em seu entorno
Hong Kong-Zhuhai- Macao Bridge: Crossing The Line?
Authors: WILLIAMS Austin
Published: March 2022

The Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area (the “Outline”) was published on 18 February 2019. It includes technical details of the longest sea-bridge in the world running from Macau Special Administrative Region to Zhuhai on the on the southern coast of Guangdong province (on China’s mainland) to Hong Kong’s Lantau island that was inaugurated in October 2018 after almost ten years of construction. But more than that, the Outline reveals a series of political and policy objectives tied to the implementation of the bridge project. The Chinese government’s development plans for its south-coast include the islands of Macau and Hong Kong. It has been clear for some time that the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge had the intention of bringing these dynamic island regions into the embrace of the Chinese mainland and more efficiently consolidating their economic promise with that of the Pearl River Delta. The Outline also covers the implementation period from 2022 to 2035 and states that China intends to “fully leverage the composite advantages of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau (and) deepen cooperation among the Mainland, Hong Kong and Macau”. As well as making a physical connection and a means of further economic integration, China has constructed a socio-political bridge that, for some, is not built on the most solid foundations. This paper examines whether infrastructural links and political progress are synonymous, and whether both sides of the divide will automatically benefit from physical connectivity.
How Does The Spatial And Built Form Characteristics Of Hong Kong Inform Its Walkability
Authors: CHOI Dr. Hee Sun (Sunny)
Published: March 2022

This paper focuses on how adjustments to pedestrian accessibility and walkability can enhance the economic and spatial value of a particular built environment. Using the case of the redevelopment of Taikoo Place in Quarry Bay, Hong Kong, this research explores user behaviour patterns and pedestrian flows at different times and locations based on the existing arrangement and future layouts. Through these findings, this research aims to provide an assessment of the functionality, pros and cons of the the split-levelled, layers spatial structure of the public and quasi-public realms in Hong Kong – both indoor and outdoor, on the ground and above the ground, in order to generate alternative perspectives on pathways, open areas and how they are linked.
TOD, volumetric TOD, Destination, Public Space and Community Cohesion
Authors: MENG Shanshan , MOSTAFA Rifat Ara , ZHANG Songyang , CHIARADIA Alain
Published: March 2022

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has become an urban planning and design policy and practice approach to deliver sustainable transport through the world. TOD as infrastructure contributes to urban liveability in determining way of life and well-being of the inhabitants of a city. Urban liveability can be understood as a perceived notion of well-being and social cohesion among residents of an urban area. TOD has been hypothesised to create gentrification. Does gentrification impact negatively on social cohesion in high density TOD-led cities? We address this question by deploying an exploratory difference in differences qualitative analysis of the relationships between measures of involuntary residential displacement and ‘built environment’ indicators. These are proxies for ‘gentrification’ and ‘social cohesion’ respectively. This investigation examines displacement indicators before and after the opening of three new MTR stations in 2014, using a control neighbourhood which has an existing station. It also analyses BE dimensions related to social cohesion such as ‘destinations’ and ‘public space provision’. The displacement indicators have variable trajectories when details are compared. There is limited evidence of systematic displacement, although there are other more prominent and dynamic changes in those destinations. The provision of new public space is associated with the most dynamic changes. From a placemaking point of view, further detailed study to better understand the role of development drivers of gentrification is required.
Uncertainties in the Provision of Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Facilities in Hong Kong: Implications on Public and Private Realm Assets and Resources
Authors: WILSON Barry D
Published: March 2022

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is coming, faster in some places than others, but the change is inevitable. Some governments are starting to embrace the shift and rapidly work to develop new opportunities, whilst others choose to smooth the road with more cautious approaches. The potentials and implications of dealing with the resultant changes remains uncertain and largely unresearched whilst the impacts upon manufacture, supply chains, user behaviour, and the physical environment may be significant. The Hong Kong Government recently announced its own Roadmap of transition to an electrified vehicle future, following a decade of stuttering ambition. What can be expected?
Smart Heritage as a Design Tool
Authors: BATCHELOR David , SCHNABEL Prof. Marc Aurel
Published: March 2022

Smart Heritage enables urban designers and planners to reimagine historical narratives within cities through the untethered perspectives of smart technology. Smart Heritage is the convergence between the smart city and heritage disciplines that intertwines the autonomous and automatic capabilities and innovation of smart technologies with the contextual and subjective interpretation of the past. It is an emergent and distinct discourse in the academic literature that positions technology as the leadcurator of historical narratives. It is comparable with similar smart discourses, such as Smart Mobility and Smart Infrastructure, and contrasts with the human-led and archival focused Digital Heritage discourse. Through Smart Heritage, urban designers and planners are not physically, intellectually, and locationally limited in retelling and deploying culturally and socially powerful historical narratives. Instead, experts can draw online and personal data to produce powerful and novel experiences in cities. This article introduces Smart Heritage as a tool for urban designers and planners. It discusses how Smart Heritage can reimagine historical narratives within cities.
Cognitive Cities: The Synthesis of Artificial Intelligence and The Urban Environment
Authors: HANIF Mansoor , SANCHEZ Joan Anton , PRASHAD Maysho
Published: March 2022

Digital transformation and the advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) are rapidly disrupting many facets of human life through emerging technologies, such as in computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition, augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), robotics and autonomous systems. COVID-19, while disrupting entire economies, has also propelled innovation in digital services for employment (remote working), health care (clinical networks), public transportation (self-driving cars), logistics (autonomous systems), and leisure (entertainment platforms) around the world, building upon technological megatrends of the last decades. However, despite this rapid progress, these technological advances have been randomly applied to the improvement of city living and of the human-digital user experience in urban spaces. To respond to this unprecedented advancement of technology and its future integration into the design and management of cities, the cognitive city promises to connect citizens to services more efficiently, increasing the cognition and “learning” of the city itself. Smart cities are fitted with sensors to collect information from citizens and infrastructure that improves efficiency and cost of resources. A cognitive city, however, is more resilient, efficient, and sustainable, able to sense, understand, and respond to challenges in its environment, and to learn and adapt its behaviours, operations, and services based on analysis and contextualization of past experiences.
Energy-driven urban regeneration: investigating strategies for net-zero energy neighbourhoods in compact textures
Authors: FIACCO Federica , TALAMINI Gianni
Published: March 2022

Urban regeneration strategies promoting energy conservation are still in their infancy, and research on carbon neutrality in construction concentrates at the building level. Subsequently, there is an urgency to shift the focus from building-related interventions to comprehensive strategies for an energy-driven urban regeneration at the urban scale. This paper proposes a prototypical high-rise energy-positive building based on current best practices and uses the case of a high-populated mid-rise compact neighbourhood in Kowloon City, Hong Kong, to test the systematic insertion of the prototype into the existing urban fabric. Further, the study simulates the formation of a network of high-rise energy-positive buildings to serve the energy demand of the neighbourhood, testing two different spatial configurations. Results show that the projected network could supply one-fourth of the current neighbourhood’s energy consumption, demonstrating the potential of networking energy production from diffused units for significant achievements at neighbourhood scale in high-density contexts. By illustrating a feasible and easily-replicable strategy, this study aims to pave the way for the exploration of the proposed approach by policymakers and urban designers for novel policies and near-term actions.
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF ENUGU STATE. NIGERIA (2007-2019)
Authors: Ugwuanyi Mr. , Ekene Kenneth , Obuteaku Nwobi Fidelia , Chukwurah Mr. , Junior Daniel Chi
Published: March 2022

Civil society organization and community development A study of Enugu north senatorial district of Enugu State (2007-2019). This study adopted three specific objectives: to ascertain the contributions of civil society organization to community road infrastructural development, to establish the linkage between civil society interventions and availability of potable water supply, and to examine the effect of civil society organizations activities in the improvement of community primary healthcare in Enugu North Senatorial District, Diffusion of innovation theory is the theoretical framework of analysis. Survey design utilized with population of 1,660,000 and sample size of 400. Data generated from primary and secondary sources. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and hypotheses were tested with chi-square with the aid of SPSS. The major findings are; civil society organization does contribute positively to community road infrastructural development, there is linkage between civil society organization and availability of potable water supply in Enugu north senatorial district and civil society organization’s activities in Enugu north senatorial district did improve community primary healthcare significantly in Enugu north senatorial district. This study concludes that the citizens and other stakeholders are enjoined to advance the course of CSO’s activities towards community development for the betterment of the communities, states and the society at large. It was recommended that public sector should make enabling laws that will guarantee further engagement of various CSOs as development driver of the state and government should sensitize the populace to be actively involved in most CSO’s programmes.
Decisiones de estudiantes de 14/15 años en una propuesta didáctica sobre la compra de un coche
Authors: Moreno-Fontiveros Gloria , Cebrián-Robles Daniel , Blanco-López Ángel , España-Ramos Enrique
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se analiza el posible impacto de una propuesta didáctica centrada en la toma de decisiones sobre la compra de un coche en los argumentos utilizados por 26 estudiantes de 3.º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Antes y después de participar en la propuesta didáctica, se les plantearon dos tareas abiertas en las que tenían que tomar la decisión de comprar un coche con diferentes finalidades: en la primera, solo desde un punto de vista ambiental, y en la segunda, para elegir un coche familiar. Los resultados muestran una mejora notable en la identificación de los factores principales que tener en cuenta en la compra de un coche, en la capacidad de justificar con un mayor nivel de concreción y en las pruebas aportadas. También se constata una mejora de la conciencia ambiental de los estudiantes.
Un modelo de formación del profesorado de educación secundaria para la sostenibilidad
Authors: Collazo Expósito Leslie Mahe , Geli de Ciurana Anna Maria
Published: March 2022

Este artículo expone el proceso de investigación realizado para diseñar un modelo de formación para la sostenibilidad, en el marco del máster de Formación del Profesorado de Educación Secundaria. Los objetivos se centran en determinar los enfoques teóricos, los contenidos prioritarios y las metodologías docentes más eficaces y adecuadas para incorporar la sostenibilidad a las asignaturas del máster. Partimos del paradigma sociocrítico y recabamos información de tres fuentes: la opinión de profesores expertos mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, una encuesta a los estudiantes sobre sus conocimientos y un estudio de caso del Schumacher College, mediante diversas técnicas de recogida de datos. Como resultado, presentamos el Modelo de Formación para la Acción Transformadora hacia la Sostenibilidad (MFATS) que ofrece orientación para el diseño de las asignaturas.
An Introduction to Polish-Turkish Relations in the Context of European Security
Authors: Yurdatapan, MA Arda
Published: March 2022

This article is an introduction to the analysis of bilateral relationship between Poland and Turkey, with particular focus on its influence on Europe’s security. Since this relationships is not an isolated one, we have to take into consideration the main actors having a geopolitical interest in the region between the Baltics and the Black Sea as well as the Middle East and their potential to influence on Polish-Turkish relations to their own benefit. It seems that a geopolitical relationship between Poland and Turkey has the potential to influence the relations of other actors in order to favor peaceful stabilization and increase security in the region. However, one has to take into account the reactions of current partners of both states, since the consequences of a strategic Polish-Turkish alliance would be manyfold for nations in closer as well as wider geopolitical context. Such political factors as geographical barriers, cultural and religious differences, conflicting interests of other regional players or unexpected socio-political developments might serve as disruptive tools against which both, Poland and Turkey, would have to counteract actively and systematically. The benefits of the Polish-Turkish alliance – not only for Poland and Turkey, but for the entire region – seem to significantly outweigh its potential disadvantages. The increased security in the region is a major stabilizing factor that paves the way for a long-term sustainable socio-economic progress in all Europe.
Familia în secolul 21
Authors: Nistor Gheorghiţa , Simion Eugen , Mares Toma
Published: March 2022

Acest volum contine o parte dintre articolele si materialele de studiu prezentate la Conferinta Internationala ”Familia in secolul 21”, organizata de catre FICE Romania, si este realizat in parteneriat cu Asociatia Comunelor din Romania (ACoR).
Viruses Don't Discriminate, But People Do: Teaching Writing for Health Professionals in the Context of Covid-19 and Black Lives Matte
Authors: Harris-Moore Deborah
Published: March 2022

Teachers of writing are not therapists. This much I know. That seems obvious, but it’s not so obvious in times like these. Nor was it obvious when I co-wrote an article on teaching in times of trauma in 2016. I wrote about teaching writing at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) during the remaining two weeks of the 2014 spring quarter after Elliot Rodger murdered six students before killing himself. My co-author wrote about teaching in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina. Both of these events, though caused by different forces, revealed underlying issues of misogyny and racism. Both events caused major crises for teachers and students alike; after all, “[t]raumatic events that threaten life, health, body integrity, and the lives of others are ubiquitous and have life-altering impacts for a substantial portion of individuals” (Gerhart, Canetti, Hobfall, 2015, p. 4). We concluded that, while we are not therapists, we felt a responsibility to address challenges and inequalities in our classes when unforeseen traumatic events were happening in our communities, and to give students agency in that process.
The Ottawa 3DY Predicts Mortality in a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: St John Philip Donald , Molnar Frank Joseph
Published: March 2022

Background 
The Ottawa 3DY (O3DY) is a simple measure of cognition. 
Objectives 
1) To determine if the O3DY predicts mortality; and 2) To compare the discrimination of the O3DY to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Modified MMSE (3MS). 
Methods 
Analyses of a population based cohort study of 1,751 participants aged 65+; conducted in 1991/2 with follow-up over five years. The O3DY, age, sex, education, comorbid conditions, the MMSE, and the 3MS were measured: 4.5% of the participants had missing data for the O3DY; 42.8% were considered as positive (one or more errors), and 52.7% were considered as negative (no errors). Logistic regression models were constructed with the outcome of death at time 2. A Receiver Operator Curve (ROC) was constructed and the Area Under the ROC (AUROC) was calculated using a c-statistic. 
Results 
The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality was 1.96 (1.56, 2.47); and the adjusted OR was 1.33 (1.02, 1.72). The AUROC was 0.66 for the 3MS, 0.65 for the MMSE, and 0.60 for the O3DY. 
Conclusions 
The O3DY predicts mortality over a long time frame, although the discrimination is less than that of longer measures of cognition.
Program Evaluation of SeeMe™: Understanding Frailty Together
Authors: Liu Andrea , Sinden Danielle , Plant Jennifer , Norman Melissa , Acosta Daniela , Hsu Amy , Robert Benoît
Published: March 2022

Background 
Perley Health has implemented SeeMe™: Understanding frailty together (www.perleyhealth.ca), a comprehensive approach to care that integrates the assessment and management of frailty, with an emphasis on goals of care planning. 
Methods 
Program evaluation over the first year of SeeMe™ used a mixed-methods approach involving quantitative data from surveys, goals of care preferences, hospital transfers, and qualitative data from interviews. 
Results 
The SeeMe™ training is an effective way to educate nurses and physicians in long-term care about frailty. For residents with documented care preferences prior to SeeMe™, there was a 15% reduction in the number of residents who preferred to be transferred to hospital post-SeeMe™ implementation. There was no significant decrease in hospital transfers during the first year the program was introduced. 
Conclusion 
After the roll-out of SeeMe™, nurses, physicians, and families reported high satisfaction with the program, and nurses reported an increase in knowledge and confidence. There was also a reduction in the number of residents and families selecting to transfer to hospital. This suggests that the education from SeeMe™ influenced residents and families to choose less invasive interventions in the context of frailty and quality of life goals.
Safety and Tolerability of Fesoterodine in Older Adult Patients with Overactive Bladder
Authors: Heesakkers John , Te Dorsthorst Manon , Wagg Adrian
Published: March 2022

Background 
Older patients (> 65 yr) suffering from overactive bladder (OAB) are more likely to have functional impairment and comorbidity than those without OAB. This article reviews available published studies and discusses how fesoterodine might meet the specific needs of the older OAB patient. 
Methods 
A comprehensive literature search was undertaken in order to evaluate fesoterodine safety in older OAB patients. 
Results 
Fesoterodine offers flexible dosing, allowing the clinician to balance risk and benefits according to the symptoms and preferences of the patient. Its balanced affinity for M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors may lead to its benefit on OAB symptoms. Its active metabolite is a P-gp substrate that is actively transported from the central nervous system (CNS), potentially avoiding adverse CNS effects. Fesoterodine can be used in mild or moderate hepatic or renal insufficiency and no dose adjustment is routinely required. Fesoterodine’s benefit has been demonstrated in multiple clinical trials in older and medically vulnerable patients. Fesoterodine was rated as “beneficial” in the LUTS-FORTA classification due to its efficiency and tolerability in older patients. 
Conclusion 
Here, the use of fesoterodine in older and vulnerable patients is summarized given the need to approach pharmacotherapy for OAB differently in older adults.
Treiber der Inklusion
Authors: Gellert-Beckmann Stefanie
Published: March 2022

Ambulante Wohnangebote sollen es auch Menschen mit hohen Beeinträchtigungen ermöglichen, auf besondere Wohnformen und die mit ihnen einhergehenden Einschränkungen und Anpassungsleistungen an institutionelle Vorgaben zu verzichten. Die fachlichen und betriebswirtschaftlichen Voraussetzungen solcher Angebote müssen von den Leistungserbringern gut durchdacht werden.
Baustein für Teilhabe
Authors: Beetz Stephan , Krüger Marika , Hoyer Sonja , Delling Heike
Published: March 2022

Menschen mit Behinderungen können durch qualifizierte landwirtschaftliche Betriebe wichtige Schritte ins Arbeitsleben machen. Konfrontationen mit Werkstätten und anderen etablierten Anbietern sind dabei vermeidbar, wie ein Projekt in Sachsen zeigt.
Hybride Sozialräume
Authors: Kreidenweis Helmut
Published: March 2022

Sozialräumlich, mobil und partizipativ lauten die Versprechungen der Ambulantisierungs-Befürworter. Ohne Digitalisierung wird dies nicht umzusetzen sein.
Innovationen planen
Authors: Spitzbart Sonja
Published: March 2022

Mit der Methode Service Design Thinking können sozialwirtschaftliche Unternehmen Neues vorbereiten und erproben. Fünf Kernprinzipien liegen dem Vorgehen zugrunde: Nutzer*innen-Zentriertheit, Co-Kreation, die Beschreibung einer Dienstleistung als sequenzieller Prozess, Beweisbarkeit und Ganzheitlichkeit.
Sichere Rechtsgrundlage
Authors: Uhl Matthias
Published: March 2022

Im letzten Jahr wurde die lang erwartete Reform des Stiftungsrechts verabschiedet. Obwohl die neuen Regelungen erst Mitte nächsten Jahres in Kraft treten, tun Stiftungen gut daran, bereits jetzt erforderliche Änderungen zu prüfen.
Hierarchien können stützen
Authors: Gentzsch Celine , Grothe Jana
Published: March 2022

Agiles Management scheint das Erfolgsrezept für moderne Unternehmen. Inwieweit dieses Konzept in die Praxis sozialer Organisationen übertragen werden kann, hat eine Studie am Beispiel selbstorganisierter Teamstrukturen in stationären Hilfen zur Erziehung untersucht.
Für eine Politik der Befähigung
Authors: Braun Hans
Published: March 2022

Eine Politik der Befähigung kann zu sozialer Gerechtigkeit beitragen, wie der ehemalige Generalsekretär des Deutschen Caritasverbandes in seinem neuen Buch darlegt.
The Arbitrator’s Discretion in Conflict of Laws Matters
Authors: Lohmann Anna M.
Published: March 2022

For international commercial disputes, international commercial arbitration and the CISG together can provide a neutral platform. However, it is unclear whether arbitrators are bound by the CISG. This thesis first examines the legal nature of the CISG's application rules, finding that they constitute private international law, which leads to the fundamental matter of whether arbitrators are bound by PIL. International public and European law and legal practice are studied to answer this question, and in the end, a binding nature of PIL in arbitration is rejected. Finally, a cursory look is also taken at the binding effect of substantive law generally in arbitration.
Association of Blood Alcohol and Alcohol Use Disorders with Emergency Department Disposition of Trauma Patients
Authors: Hoonpongsimanont Wirachin , Ghanem Ghadi , Sahota Preet , Arif Abdullah , Barrios Cristobal , Saadat Soheil , Lotfipour Shahram
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Trauma patients who present to the emergency department (ED) intoxicated or with an alcohol use disorder (AUD) undergo more procedures and have an increased risk of developing complications. However, how AUD and blood alcohol concentration (BAC) impact a trauma patient’s disposition from the ED remains inconclusive. In this study we aimed to identify the associations between positive BAC or an AUD with admission to the hospital, including the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: This was a retrospective study analyzing data from 2010–2018 at a university-based, Level I trauma ED. Included in the study were 4,699 adult trauma patients who completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and had blood alcohol content test results.

Results: Positive BAC was associated with hospital admission and ICU admission after adjusting for injury severity score (ISS) (odds ratio 1.5 and 1.3, respectively). The AUDIT was only correlated with hospital and ICU admission in patients with ISS of 1 to 15. By increasing risk of AUD (low, moderate, high, and likely alcohol dependent) the proportion of ICU admissions rose from 29.3% to 37.3%, 40.0% and 42.0% (P <0.01). The results did not change significantly by adjustment for the age of patients.

Conclusion: BAC is associated with increasing ED disposition to the hospital or ICU. Furthermore, self-reported alcohol use was associated with an increased risk of hospital or ICU admission in patients with minor or moderate injuries. Further studies to determine viable options to decrease admission rates in these patients are warranted.
Making Sense of Full Compliance
Authors: Moen Lars J. K. ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: March 2022

The full compliance assumption has been the focus of much recent criticism of ideal theory. Making this assumption, critics argue, is to ignore the important issue of how to actually make individuals compliant. In this article, I show why this criticism is misguided by identifying the key role full compliance plays in modelling fairness. But I then redirect the criticism by showing how it becomes appropriate when Rawls and other ideal theorists expect their model of fairness to guide real-world political practice. Attempts to establish institutions conforming to this ideal could have undesirable consequences and might even undermine fairness itself.
Automation, Unemployment, and Taxation
Authors: Parr Tom ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: March 2022

Automation can bring the risk of technological unemployment, as employees are replaced by machines that can carry out the same or similar work at a fraction of the cost. Some believe that the appropriate response is to tax automation. In this paper, I explore the justifiability of view, maintaining that we can embrace automation so long as we compensate those employees whose livelihoods are destroyed by this process by creating new opportunities for employment. My contribution in this paper is important not only because I develop a theoretical framework that we can use to resolve this urgent policy dispute—a dispute that has been discussed extensively by labour economists, tax lawyers, and policymakers, but largely neglected by political philosophers—but also because my analysis sheds lights on a wider range of controversies relating to the moral and political importance of unemployment.