bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Neutralization and immunoperoxidase to estimate the immunogenicity of recombinant human rotavirus VP6 structural protein in vitro after insertion of the antibodies into cells using electroporation
Authors: Kamel Marwa A. , Shokeer Abeer , Hegazy Usama M. , El-Hakim Amr E. , Elsayed Omar EL-Farouk Rabia , Barakat Ahmed , Mohamed Aly F. , Hamza Ibrahim Ahmed , Fuentes Cristina , Pinto Rosa M. , Bosch Albert , El-Senousy Waled Morsy
Published: April 2024

Rotaviruses (RVs) represent the principal causative agent of severe gastroenteritis leading to high mortality rates, especially in children < 5 years in both developed and developing countries. Although, the first-generation of live attenuated RV vaccines such as RotaTeq and Rotarix achieved partial success in reducing the number of RV deaths worldwide, several concerns, such as low efficacy especially in developing countries, safety, and cost imply a dire need to develop these vaccines. Also, sensitive methods to estimate the immunogenicity of the candidate recombinant subunit VP6 vaccines in vitro are of great need. In the present study, 1232 bp of the most frequent full length VP6 in clinical and environmental isolates in Egypt with 98% nucleotides identity and 98% amino acid identity in comparison to human RoV Wa reference strain was expressed in E.coli. The examination of the sensitivity of the antibodies produced in the male rabbits which were immunized intramuscularly with 20 µg of the purified VP6 proteins, indicated a sensitivity up to 1/24000 dilution of antibodies against the expressed protein using ELISA. Introduce antibodies into MA104 cell line was performed using electroporation to neutralize the human rotavirus Wa strain VP6 when exposed after viral uncoating. Higher sensitivity of neutralization in relation to immunoperoxidase was observed for the estimation of the antibodies which act intracellularly against high and low infectious units of human rotavirus Wa strain in vitro. Promising sensitivity of the produced antibodies against the infectious human RV Wa strain was observed.
Genetic etiology analysis of 73 fetuses with ventriculomegaly
Authors: Chenyue Zhao , Huiqin Xue , Jingbo Gao , Min Guo , Hao Yue , Rong Guo , Guizhi Cao , Xiayu Sun , Jianrui Wu
Published: April 2024

Objective High-throughput sequencing was performed on 73 fetuses with ventriculomegaly (VM) to analyze the genetic causes, including chromosomal aberrations and genetic variations.Methods The clinical data from fetuses with lateral ventricular width greater than 10 mm in second and third trimester were collected from Shanxi Provincial Children's Hospital between 2020 and 2023. Patient samples included amniotic fluid or miscarriage tissue and were evaluated via copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), and those with negative CNV-seq result were further examined using whole exome sequencing (WES), with chromosomal aberrations and genetic variations counted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0, and pregnancy outcomes were followed.Results Of the 73 patients included in the study, 23 (31.5%) cases had chromosomal aberrations with 26 CNV fragments following CNV-seq, including 4 aneuploidies, 12 pathogenic variants, 2 likely pathogenic variants, and 8 variants of unknown significance. The detection rate of chromosomal aberrations was significantly higher in non-isolated VM relative to isolated VM. Negative CNV-seq results (n = 33) were further examined via WES, and a subset (n = 16, 48.48%) contained single-gene defects. These variants included SPATA5, PDHA1, TRIM71, PIK3R2, TUBB, CRB2, PIDD1, RTTN, FGFR3, AIMP1, POGZ, MYH7, CNOT3, MACF1, and PURA, with 9 unreported variant loci also identified.Conclusion VM fetuses have complex developmental outcomes, and thus it is necessary to consider genetic etiology is VM. WES has the potential to provide a genetic diagnosis for VM fetuses without aneuploidy or CNVs, and can thereby increase the fetal VM diagnostic rate.
Double-hit primary central nervous system lymphoma with histogenetically proven bone marrow infiltration: A case report and a review of the literature
Authors: Onodera Koki , Shirahata Mitsuaki , Mizuno Reina , Fukuoka Masayoshi , Suzuki Tomonari , Satoh Tsugumi , Honma Taku , Takahashi Naoki , Mishima Kazuhiko
Published: April 2024

Double-hit lymphoma (DHL) formerly referred to high-grade B-cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 rearrangements, however, the updated 2022 World Health Organization Classification (5th edition online) excludes those with MYC/BCL-6 rearrangements from the high-grade category. DHL confined to the central nervous system (CNS), known as double-hit primary CNS lymphoma (DH-PCNSL), is rare with poorly understood clinical features. Here, we report a case of a 64-year-old man with multiple brain tumors diagnosed with DH-PCNSL who showed bone marrow (BM) infiltration early in the clinical course. The histological diagnosis was high-grade B-cell lymphoma with a MYC/BCL6 rearrangement. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) revealed no abnormal accumulation except in the CNS. The patient received whole-brain radiotherapy following failure of high-dose methotrexate. After completion of radiotherapy, the patient developed thrombocytopenia, and BM biopsy showed infiltration of DHL cells, which were not detected by repeated FDG-PET. This is the first report of DH-PCNSL where identical gene rearrangements were identified in both the resected CNS tumor and BM tissue. BM infiltration may occur more frequently in patients with DH-PCNSL and undetectable using FDG-PET in the early stages of the disease, suggesting the importance of the BM biopsy in the staging of patients with DH-PCNSL.
A Novel Copy Number Variation in PRPF31 Causes Dominant Rod-Cone Dystrophy By Haploinsufficiency
Authors: Mousawi Zahraa , Choukeir Maysa , Jaffal Lama , Karam Louna , Assi Alexandre , Ibrahim José-Noel , Chebly Alain , Shamieh Said El
Published: April 2024

Background and Objectives:
Rod-cone dystrophy (RCD), also known as Retinitis Pigmentosa, is the most common group of retinal dystrophies, affecting around 1:4,000 individuals worldwide. Herein, our objective was to identify the genetic cause of RCD in two Lebanese families with distinct inheritance patterns and explore the potential role of PRPF31 haploinsufficiency.
Methods
The study combined next-generation sequencing, real-time PCR (qPCR), and chromosomal microarray to identify, validate, and delineate the causative copy number variations (CNVs) identified in both families of this study. gene expression analysis using qPCR and Western Blot were conducted to assess the PRPF31 variant's impact on gene expression levels.
Results
A novel heterozygous deletion (701 bp) spanning exons 6 and 7 of PRPF31 was identified in the first family (F11), leading to autosomal dominant RCD through haploinsufficiency, evidenced by reduced mRNA and total absence of protein expression levels in the affected individuals (F11:III.2 and F11:II.1). A rare previously reported homozygous deletion in MERTK was found in the second family (F26), causing autosomal recessive RCD. These findings highlight the diversity of CNVs contributing to RCD and the critical role of haploinsufficiency in autosomal dominant RCD pathogenesis.
Conclusion
The current study expands the mutational spectrum associated with PRPF31 and MERTK genes in RCD, underscoring the importance of CNVs in its etiology. Identifying haploinsufficiency as a disease mechanism in PRPF31-related autosomal dominant RCD represents a stepping stone for future analyses regarding gene augmentation therapies.
Insufficient radiofrequency ablation drives hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating of UPRmt
Authors: Liu Yan , Qi Feng , Zhou Yun , Li Sheng-Wei , Yi Zhu-Jun
Published: April 2024

Mitochondrial-unfolded protein response (UPRmt) plays an important role in acute stress response and tumor progression. Sublethal heat stress from insufficient radiofrequency ablation (IRFA) has been confirmed to promote hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, whether UPRmt is involved in IRFA-induced HCC recurrence and metastasis remains unknown. Here, we detected higher level of UPRmt-related proteins in human HCC tissues than adjacent tissues. In addition, both IRFA and sublethal heat stress can promote the expression of UPRmt-related proteins in HCC cells in vivo and in vitro. Knockdown of HSP60 with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) can effectively inhibit the activation of UPRmt. Inhibit the activation of UPRmt, inhibit the migration and invasion of HCC cells mediated by IRFA, and also inhibit the growth of subcutaneous tumor in nude mice. Mechanistically, we found that activated transcription factor 5 (ATF5) is the key factor to activate UPRmt by IRFA. IRFA promotes the expression of ATF5 in HCC cells. Knockdown of ATF5 inhibits the activation of UPRmt mediated by IRFA. Besides, silent ATF5 also inhibits IRFA-mediated progression of HCC. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel mechanism for IRFA promoting the progression of HCC. It provides experimental basis for further studying of IRFA promoting tumor recurrence and metastasis and developing corresponding clinical treatment strategies.
Predicting Atlantic and Benguela Niño events with deep learning
Authors: Bachèlery Marie-Lou , Brajard Julien , Patacchiola Massimiliano , Illig Serena , Keenlyside Noel
Published: April 2024

Extreme Atlantic and Benguela Niño events significantly impact the tropical Atlantic region with far-reaching consequences on local marine ecosystems1,2, African and South American climates3–5, to the El Niño Southern Oscillation6. While accurate forecasts of these events are invaluable, state-of-the-art dynamical seasonal forecasting systems have shown limited predictive capabilities7–9. Thus, the extent to which the variability of the tropical Atlantic is predictable is an open question. Here, exploiting a deep learning-based statistical prediction model, we show that tropical Atlantic events can be predicted up to 3-4 months in advance. Notably, our convolutional neural network model excels in forecasting peak-season events with remarkable accuracy extending lead-time up to 5 months. Detailed analysis reveals our model’s ability to exploit known physical precursors, particularly associated with long-wave ocean dynamics, for accurate predictions of Atlantic/Benguela Niños. This study challenges the perception that the tropical Atlantic is inherently unpredictable and highlights the potential of deep learning to advance our understanding and forecasting of critical climate events.
Coupling Taguchi Experimental Designs with Deep Adaptive Learning Enhanced Artificial Intelligence Process Models: A Novel Case in Promising Experimental Cost Savings Possibilities in Manufacturing Process Development
Authors: Zubair Syed Wasim Hassan , Arafat Syed Muhammad , Khan Sarmad Ali , Niazi Sajawal Gul , Rehan Muhammad , Arshad Muhammad Usama , Hayat Nasir , Aized Tauseef , Uddin Ghulam Moeen , Riaz Fahid
Published: April 2024

The Aluminum alloy AA7075 workpiece material is observed under dry finishing turning operation. This work is an investigation reporting promising potential of deep adaptive learning enhanced artificial intelligence process models for L18 (6133) Taguchi orthogonal array experiments and major cost saving potential in machining process optimization. Six different tool inserts are used as categorical parameter along with three continuous operational parameters i.e., depth of cut, feed rate and cutting speed to study their effect on output. Workpiece surface roughness and tool life are considered as output parameters. The data obtained from special L18 (6133) orthogonal array experimental design in dry finishing turning process is used to train AI models. Multi-layer perceptron based artificial neural networks (MLP-ANNs), support vector machines (SVMs) and decision trees are compared for better understanding ability of low resolution experimental design. Seven model evaluation criteria and external validation is used for final model selection. The AI models can be used with low resolution experimental design to obtain causal relationships between input and output variables. The best performing operational input ranges for surface roughness and tool life are identified keeping workpiece surface roughness as primary criteria of range selection in aerospace industry. TiN and TiCN are top two tool insets for obtaining low surface finish with maximum tool life under specified conditions. AI-response surfaces indicate different tool life behavior for alloy based coated tool inserts and non-alloy based coated tool inserts. The AI-Taguchi hybrid modelling and optimization technique helped in achieving 26% of experimental savings (obtaining causal relation with 26% less number of experiments) compared to conventional Taguchi design combined with two screened factors three levels full factorial experimentation.
Influence of heterochirality on the structure, dynamics, biological properties of cyclic(PFPF) tetrapeptides obtained by solvent-free ball mill mechanosynthesis
Authors: Potrzebowski Marek , Kazmierski Slawomir , Wielgus Ewelina , Paluch Piotr , Dolot Rafal , Chworos Arkadiusz , Pawlowska Roza , Pawlowicz Aleksandra , Szczesio Malgorzata , Pawlak Tomasz , Gorecki Marcin , Bak-Sypien Irena , Wroblewska Aneta
Published: April 2024

Cyclic tetrapeptides c(Pro-Phe-Pro-Phe) obtained by the mechanosynthetic method using a ball mill were isolated in a pure stereochemical form as a homochiral system (all L-amino acids, sample A) and as a heterochiral system with D configuration at one of the stereogenic centers of Phe (sample B). The structure and stereochemistry of both samples were determined by X-ray diffraction studies of single crystals. In DMSO and acetonitrile, sample A exists as an equimolar mixture of two conformers, while only one is monitored for sample B. The conformational space and energetic preferences for possible conformers were calculated using DFT methods. The distinctly different conformational flexibility of the two samples was experimentally proven by Variable Temperature (VT) and 2D EXSY NMR measurements. Both samples were docked to histone deacetylase HDAC8. Cytotoxic studies proved that none of the tested cyclic peptide is toxic.
Feasibility and efficacy of adding high-intensity interval training to a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention in children with obesity – a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Eggertsen Charlotte , Larsen Ryan , Duch Kirsten , Simonsen Morten , Christensen Cecilie , Warner Tine , Frøkjær Jens , Handberg Aase , Stjernholm Theresa , Vestergaard Esben , Hagstrøm Søren
Published: April 2024

Background
Multidisciplinary lifestyle interventions for children and adolescents with obesity often include recommendations regarding physical activity, but no structured exercise program. We hypothesized that adding high intensity interval training (HIIT) to a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention would improve BMI z-score (primary outcome) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).
Methods
This randomized controlled trial included 173 children and adolescents with obesity. Participants were allocated to a 12-months lifestyle intervention (N=83) or a 12-month lifestyle intervention accompanied by a 12-week HIIT program at intervention onset (N=90).
The HIIT intervention consisted of three weekly sessions and included activities designed to elicit intensities >85% of maximal heart rate.
Results
Dropout rate was lower in HIIT compared to control at three months (7.8% vs. 20.5%) and 12 months (26.5% vs 48.2%).
Changes in Body mass index (BMI) z-score did not differ between HIIT and control at 3 months (Mean Difference (MD): 0.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.09; 0.12, P=0.82) or 12 months (MD: 0.06, CI: -0.07; 0.19, P=0.34).
Across randomization (pooled data), BMI z-score was reduced by 0.11 (CI: 0.17; 0.06, P<0.01) at 3 months and 0.20 (CI: 0.26; 0.14, P<0.01) at 12 months.
At 3 months, HIIT experienced a greater increase in HRQOL, with increases of 2.73 (CI: 0.01; 5.44, P=0.05) in PedsQL Child total score and 3.85 (CI: 0.96; 6.74, P<0.01) in psychosocial health score compared to control. At 12 months, PedsQL Child physical score was reduced by 6.89 (CI: 10.97; 2.83, P<0.01) in HIIT compared to control.
Conclusion
Adding a 12-week HIIT program did not further augment the effects of a 12-month lifestyle intervention on BMI z-score, but improved HRQOL after 3 months. Implementation of HIIT in a community-based setting was feasible and showed positive effects on adherence to the lifestyle intervention.
Nutritional composition, quality parameters and organoleptic features of Chapatti prepared from maize based composite flour
Authors: YADAV ANJALI , SINGH USHA , CHAUDHARY GITANJALI
Published: April 2024

The experimental study was performed to develop chapatti from maize based composite flour in relation with wheat flour. The grains were selected such as maize, flaxseed, chickpea, barley, ragi and wheat due to their nutritional point of view and promising health benefits. However, grains were undergone for different processing methods viz. soaking, boiling, roasting and drying (oven) to reduce their anti-nutritional factors (phytates, oxalates, tannins etc.) and enhance absorption. After processing the grains were grounded and composite flour was prepared at different level of supplementation. The treatment T0C0 contains 100% wheat flour whereas, T1C1 (50:10:20:20), T2C2 (50:10:20:10:10), T3C3 (50:10:20:20), T4C4 (50:10:20:10:10), T5C5 (50:10:10:10:10:10). The formulated chapatti was analyzed in terms of their nutritional composition, quality parameters and organoleptic features with chapatti prepared from wheat flour. It was concluded that treatment T3C3 found to be best because it is rich in energy, omega-3 fat, fibre and calcium as compared to control (wheat flour chapatti). However, mean score value of T3C3 was higher in terms of dimension and WAC. Therefore the organoleptic features revealed that chapatti prepared from T2C2 treatment were overall acceptable.
Patient perceptions of laser-assisted esthetic crown lengthening: open-flap vs. flapless techniques
Authors: Altayeb Walid , Arnabat-Dominguez Josep , Low Sam B. , Abdullah Ahmed , Romanos Georgios E.
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Patient perception of and satisfaction with dentistry are important because they influence treatment adherence and overall outcomes. This study investigated patients’ perceptions of laser-assisted esthetic crown lengthening (ECL) for treating “gummy smiles” using either an open-flap or flapless technique.
Materials and Methods: This study included 36 healthy patients with altered passive eruption who underwent esthetic crown-lengthening surgery and were randomly divided into two equal groups: open-flap and flapless. Gingivectomy and ostectomy were performed using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser in both groups. Patients’ perceptions of postsurgical morbidity were assessed using a 5-point self-administered Likert scale. The participants provided ratings on their levels of anxiety immediately after surgery, as well as their experiences with pain, swelling, bleeding, discomfort, tooth sensitivity, and use of pain medication after 7 days. Nine months after surgery, another survey was conducted to assess the overall satisfaction.
Results: Patients reported higher anxiety after open-flap surgery than after the flapless procedure. Flapless surgery was also associated with less postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding, discomfort, sensitivity, and need for pain medication. Both groups reported high satisfaction with the final cosmetic outcome after 9 months, although patients who underwent flapless surgery tended to report even greater satisfaction. The flapless procedure was also significantly faster, taking approximately 15 min less than open-flap surgery.
Conclusions: Flapless laser-assisted ECL offers several advantages over the open-flap method, including reduced patient anxiety, pain, discomfort, and shorter treatment time.
Clinical Relevance: This study suggests that laser-assisted flapless ECL may be a more patient-friendly and efficient procedure compared to traditional open-flap surgery with similar esthetic results. This could be important for dentists looking to offer their patients a less invasive and potentially more comfortable option.
Agreement and predictive value of the Clinical Frailty Scale in hospitalised older patients
Authors: Lanckmans Liese , Theou Olga , Noortgate Nele Van Den , Piers Ruth
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Our objective was to determine the agreement of the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) by comparing scores obtained by a senior geriatrician, a junior geriatrician, and by using a classification tree. Additionally, we evaluated the predictive value of the CFS for 6-month mortality after admission to an acute geriatric unit.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted in two acute geriatric units in Belgium. The premorbid CFS was determined by senior and junior geriatricians based on clinical judgement. Another junior geriatrician, who did not have a treatment relationship with the patient, scored the CFS using the classification tree. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess agreement. A ROC curve and Cox regression model determined prognostic value.
Results: In total, 97 patients with a mean age of 86 years (SD 5.2) were included. The reliability of the CFS, when determined by the senior geriatrician and the classification tree, was moderate (ICC 0.526, 95% CI [0.366-0.656]). This is similar to the agreement between the senior and junior geriatricians’ CFS (ICC 0.643, 95% CI [0.510-0.746]). The AUC for 6-month mortality based on the senior geriatrician’s CFS was 0.774. Cox regression analysis indicated that severe or very severe frailty was associated with a higher risk of mortality compared to mild or moderate frailty (hazard ratio 3.476, [1.531-7.888], p = 0.003).
Conclusion: The CFS classification tree can help standardize CFS scoring, enhancing reliability when used by less experienced raters.
E-commerce Recommender System on Twitter using Directed Multilayer Network
Authors: P AKSHAY RAJ K , R RINU RAJ T , JOY JOEL , PAUL RINI T
Published: April 2024

An E-commerce recommender system analyzes user behavior and preferences to suggest personalized product rec- ommendations, enhancing the shopping experience and boosting sales by presenting items likely to interest individual users. Ecommerce recommender system is integrating a directed mul- tilayer network analysis to optimize product recommendations on Twitter. Our methodology involves modeling user interac- tions as a weighted, directed network through Social Network Analysis, providing insights into influential users and dynamic group dynamics. The directed multilayer network approach is implemented by connecting users (one layer) to the conversations and topics (a second layer) they engage in, with inter-layer con- nections reflecting user participation in conversations. Building upon this, we introduce an innovative e-commerce recommenda- tion system that triggers personalized product suggestions to a user’s friends based on their purchase history. This integration harnesses the wealth of self-reported information on Twitter, delivering targeted and socially-informed e-commerce recommen- dations. The study establishes a robust framework, marrying social network insights with an e-commerce recommender system for effective and personalized product promotion within online communities
Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for immunological non-responder in HIV/AIDS combined with Amphetamine abuse: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Tao , Liu Jun Jun , Li Zuoliang , Wang Shoujun , Zhang Su , Zhou Xin , Ren Yulan
Published: April 2024

Background:
Amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) abuse is strongly associated with an elevated risk of HIV infection and transmission. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) serves as the primary approach for managing HIV infection and AIDS progression. However, ATS abuse diminishes the efficacy of ART in HIV/AIDS patients, amplifying the vulnerability to immunological non-response (INR) and ultimately increasing the incidence rate and mortality of opportunistic infections. Currently, no effective interventions targeting INR exist. Acupuncture has demonstrated promise in bidirectionally modulating the body's immune response and may be beneficial for INR in HIV/AIDS combined with ATS abuse. Nevertheless, further research and comprehensive evaluation are imperative to substantiate these findings.
Methods:
This study is a two-center, randomized, non-acupoint controlled, single-blind clinical trial. It will be conducted in two large drug rehabilitation centers in western China, involving 114 INR patients receiving ART. The participants will be randomly assigned to either the Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation (TEAS) + ART group or the sham-TEAS + ART group, in a 1:1 ratio. Both groups will receive a 48-week treatment. The primary outcome measure assessed after treatment is the CD4 + T cell count. Secondary outcome measures include the immune reconstitution efficiency of HIV patients, CD4/CD8 ratio, CD4 + CD45RA + and CD4 + CD45RO + counts, CD4 + CD28 + counts, CD4 + CD38 + and CD8 + CD38 + counts, CD4 + ki67 + and CD8 + ki67 + counts, the incidence of opportunistic infections, and the HIV/AIDS PRO scale. Adverse events occurring during the study observation period will be documented.
Discussion
This study will investigate the effect of TEAS on immune reconstitution in patients with amphetamine abuse and HIV infection.
Trial registration
Registered on October 7, 2023 at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with registration number ChiCTR 23000776363.
Can Extensive Resection of Butterfly Glioblastomas Prolong Life Expectancy and Quality? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hekimoglu Mehdi , Basak Ahmet Tulgar , Ozer Hıdır , Akgun Mehmet Yigit , Ozgen Utku , Cerezci Onder , Yıldız Gizem , Maleki Raha , Oktenoğlu Tunc , Ozer Ali Fahir , Sasani Mehdi
Published: April 2024

The retrospective cohort study, spanning from 2014 to 2022, aimed to assess the effects of extensive surgical resection on patients diagnosed with butterfly glioblastomas (B-GBM). Encompassing 723 GBM patients, among whom 41 met the IDH wild-type B-GBM criteria, the study's methodology involved the classification of surgical cases into two groups of partial and extensive surgery that were performed by two different surgeons. Various factors such as age, sex, tumor location, and corpus callosum involvement were considered during the categorization process. Extensive resection yielded significantly longer time to recurrence/tumor-free period (TR/TFP) and overall survival (OS) when contrasted with partial resection. Despite the association of TERT gene mutation and EGFR amplification with shorter TR/TFP and OS, the findings underscore the potential of extensive surgical resection in enhancing the quality of life and extending TR/TFP for B-GBM patients, even in the context of adverse gene mutations. Notably, Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores indicated a superior quality of life post-extensive resection, with sustained improvement observed even upon recurrence. However, extensive resection's impact on OS was not statistically significant; nevertheless, it notably augmented TR/TFP.
A partitioned polygenic risk score reveals distinct contributions to psoriasis clinical phenotypes across a multi-racial cohort
Authors: Orcales Faye , Kumar Sugandh , Bui Audrey , Johnson Chandler , Liu Jared , Huang Zhi-Ming , Liao Wilson
Published: April 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease associated with a polygenic mode of inheritance. There are few studies that explore the association of a psoriasis Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) with patient clinical characteristics, and to our knowledge there are no studies examining psoriasis PRS associations across different races. In this study, we used a multi-racial psoriasis cohort to investigate PRS associations with clinical phenotypes including age of onset, psoriatic arthritis, other comorbidities, psoriasis body location, psoriasis subtype, environmental triggers, and response to therapies. We collected patient data and Affymetrix genome-wide SNP data from a cohort of 607 psoriasis patients and calculated an 88-loci PRS (PRS-ALL), also partitioned between genetic loci within the HLA region (PRS-HLA; 11 SNPS) and loci outside the HLA region (PRS-NoHLA; 77 SNPS). We used t-test and logistic regression to analyze the association of PRS with clinical phenotypes. We found that PRS-HLA and PRS-noHLA had differing effects on psoriasis age of onset, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis located on the ears, genitals, nails, soles of feet, skin folds, and palms, skin injury as an environmental trigger, cardiovascular comorbidities, and response to phototherapy. In some cases these PRS associations were race specific. Overall, these results show that the genetic basis for clinical manifestations of psoriasis are driven by distinct HLA and non-HLA effects, and that these PRS associations can be dependent on race.
Relationship between rehabilitation duration, functional independence measure performance index, and health-related quality of life in stroke survivors in Japan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Muranaka Junichiro , Sasada Satoshi , Ikeda Kohei
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aimed to explore the relationship between the duration of rehabilitation of stroke survivors and the functional independence measure (FIM) performance index and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).
Methods
The study included stroke patients from 66 medical institutions in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan who were admitted to and discharged from convalescent rehabilitation wards. Data on the FIM and HRQOL scores and duration of rehabilitation at discharge were collected for analysis, which included correlation analysis and statistical tests for differences.
Results
The study analysed data from 160 participants (103 men and 57 women), with the results showing that an extended rehabilitation duration had a negative effect on the FIM performance index and HRQOL (correlation between rehabilitation duration and FIM performance index :r= -0.43, P < 0.01; correlation between rehabilitation duration and HRQOL:r= -0.26, P < 0.01). Conversely, a small but significant positive correlation was observed between the FIM gain and the EQ-5D-5L HRQOL measure (r = 0.34, P < 0.01).
Conclusion
The study findings suggest that excessively prolonged rehabilitation may adversely affect FIM performance index and HRQOL in stroke survivors, highlighting the importance of optimizing rehabilitation duration to improve outcomes in stroke rehabilitation.
Purpureocillium Lilacinum-Related Endophthalmitis: Case Report
Authors: Ros-Sánchez Elena , Oliver-Gutierrez David , Buck Paul , Goncharova Tetiana , Distefano Laura , Kirkegaard Eric
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE
To report a case of Purpureocillium lilacinum endophthalmitis
METHODS
The case of a fungal endophthalmitis caused by Purpureocillium lilacinum documented in an immunocompetent patient with no apparent trigger.
RESULTS
A 64-year-old male with a two-month history of panuveitis in his left eye was referred to our hospital. Initially misdiagnosed as sympathetic ophthalmia due to a previous surgery on his right eye 4 months before the onset of the left ocular picture, the patient received corticosteroid treatment, leading to a rapid deterioration of the left eye condition. An urgent exploratory vitrectomy was performed to identify the underlying cause, revealing endophthalmitis. Microbiological investigation yielded Purpureocillium lilacinum as the causative agent. Despite intensive treatment, including intravitreal antibiotics and antifungals, along with another surgical intervention, clinical evolution remained unfavourable, ultimately leading to the evisceration of the affected eye.
CONCLUSIONS
Purpureocillium lilacinum poses a rare yet sever threat as a causative agent of fungal endophthalmitis. Managing such cases is challenging due to the delayed identification, fungus’s resistance to common antifungals, and its association with prior corticosteroid misuse in most patients. This case underscores the crucial importance of heightened clinical suspicion, early diagnosis, and the exploration of alternative treatment strategies in addressing Purpureocillium lilacinum endophthalmitis. The challenges posed by this rare fungal pathogen emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach and continued research to improve outcomes in these complex cases.
Patient and Parental Satisfaction Following Treatment of Anterior Crossbite in Mixed Dentition: A Comparative Study of cemented lower inclined plane (CLIP) and removable anterior expansion screw (RAES)
Authors: ElKhatib Amira , Gad Asser
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Anterior crossbite in mixed dentition is one of the problems that require early intervention aiming at stimulating well balance growth and occlusal development.
Aim: of the comparative study was to assess patient and parental satisfaction following the treatment of anterior crossbite in the mixed dentition using: cemented lower inclined plane (CLIP) and removable anterior expansion screw (RAES).
Methods: Thirty-four children (17 per group) who had received either CLIP or RAES for the correction of anterior crossbite in the mixed dentition. Patient and parental satisfaction was assessed using a validated questionnaire, which included items related to treatment experience, and overall satisfaction. Statistical analysis: Fisher’s exact or χ2 test, for categorical variables, and a two-sample Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann–Whitney) test for continuous data were performed to investigation differences between the two groups.
Results: In terms of treatment duration, RAES appliance, with most participants who received RAES appliance reported that the treatments lasted longer than expected compared to the CLIP (p-value: <0.001). Parents reported that RAES appliances were more enjoyable to wear by children. Regarding functional improvement, both groups reported similar levels of satisfaction. (CLIP: 94%, RAES: 92%). Overall, patient satisfaction was comparable between the two study arms.
Conclusion: Both CLIP and RAES treatment modalities were effective in the treatment of anterior crossbite in the mixed dentition, and showed high levels of patient and parental satisfaction. CLIP was notably perceived as a more painful intervention than RAES.
A Data-Efficient Hierarchical Deep Learning Approach for Diagnosing Impacted Canine-Induced Root Resorption via Cone-beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Pirayesh Zeynab , Mohammad-Rahimi Hossein , Motamedian Saeed Reza , Afshar Sepehr Amini , Abbasi Reza , Rohban Mohammad Hossein , Mahdian Mina , Ahsaie Mitra Ghazizadeh , Alamdari Mina Iranparvar
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Impacted canines can cause canine-induced root resorption (CIRR), potentially leading to root resorption and even incisor loss. The aim of this study was to usedeep learning to automatically evaluate the diagnosis of CIRR in maxillary incisors more accurately using CBCT images.
Methods: A total of 50 CBCT images and 176 incisors were selected for the present study. The maxillary incisors were manually segmented from the CBCT images and labeled by two independent radiologists as either healthy or having root resorption induced by the impacted canines. We used five different strategies for training the model: A) classification using 3D ResNet50 (Baseline), B) classification of the segmented masks using the outcome of a 3D U-Net pretrained on the 3D MNIST, C) training a 3D U-Net for the segmentation task and use its outputs for classification, D) pretraining a 3D U-Net for the segmentation and transfer of the model, and E) pretraining a 3D U-Net for the segmentation and fine-tuning the model with only the model encoder. The segmentation models were evaluated using the mean intersection over union (mIoU) and Dice coefficient. The classification models were evaluated in terms of classification accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score.
Results: The segmentation model achieved a mean intersection over union (mIoU) of 0.641 and a Dice coefficient of 0.901, indicating good performance in segmenting the tooth structures from the CBCT images. For the main classification task of detecting canine-induced root resorption (CIRR), Model C (classification of the segmented masks using 3D ResNet) and Model E (pretraining on segmentation followed by fine-tuning for classification) performed the best, both achieving 82% classification accuracy and 0.62 F1-scores on the test set. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hierarchical, data-efficient deep learning approaches in improving the accuracy of automated CIRR diagnosis from limited CBCT data compared to the 3D ResNet baseline model.
Conclusion: The proposed approaches are effective at improving the accuracy of classification tasks and are helpful when the diagnosis is based on the volume and boundaries of an object. The study demonstrated that the proposed approaches improve the accuracy of medical image classification tasks.
Single-centre results of a randomised controlled trial comparing the Gamma3 nail and a sliding hip screw to treat AO type 31-A1 and 31-A2 trochanteric fractures
Authors: Hempel Eva Katharina , Wendlandt Robert , Unger Andreas , Frese Jasper , Wilde Erik , Schulz Arndt Peter
Published: April 2024

Purpose The primary goal of this randomised controlled trial was to investigate whether there are differences in the outcome between the Gamma3 nail and a sliding hip screw (SHS) regarding quality of life 1 year after surgery.Methods In a controlled randomised trial, we compared the Gamma3 nail (Stryker) and a SHS in the treatment of 193 patients with pertrochanteric fractures. The follow-up period was 12 months. The outcomes included the surgical duration, health-related quality of life, measured with the EQ-5D Index and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the living situation and use of walking aid before trauma and 52 weeks after surgery; the Parker Mobility Score; the Harris Hip Score; and the revision, complication and mortality rates.Results The Gamma3 group had a significantly shorter surgical duration than the SHS group (p < 0.0001). Implant-related complications were significantly lower in the Gamma3 group (p > 0.05). The revision rate was significantly lower in the Gamma3 group based on intention-to-treat (p = 0.0336) as well as as-treated (p = 0.0302) analyses. Otherwise, we did not find significant difference between the two groups regarding the EQ-5D Index and VAS scores, the Parker Mobility Score, the Harris Hip Score, the mortality rate, the use of walking aids and the living situation.Conclusion There were no detectable differences between the groups in terms of quality of life and clinical scores 12 months after surgery. The surgical duration and revision rate were superior for the Gamma3 group.
The ATP-P2X signaling pathway mediates the effect of electroacupuncture on excessive bladder detrusor muscle contraction in a rat model of neurogenic bladder
Authors: Liu Qiong , Xu Ming , Zhan Li-Fen , Qu Qi-Rui , Tang Li-Ya , Zhuo Yue , Deng Shi-Feng , Zhang Hong , Liu Xia , Ai Kun
Published: April 2024

Background: Neurogenic bladder (NB) is a type of neurological bladder dysfunction characterized by increased detrusor muscle contraction. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-P2X receptor signaling plays a role in muscle contraction. This study aimed to explore whether ATP-P2X signaling is involved in the mechanism through which electroacupuncture (EA) affects excessive detrusor muscle contraction in NB.
Methods: Forty rats were divided into CON, NB, SHAM, PPADS (a P2X1/2 receptor antagonist), and EA groups. The NB model was induced using the modified Hassan Shaker spinal cord transection method. After one week of EA treatment, urodynamic tests were used to assess bladder function, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate morphological changes, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure ATP concentrations, and Western blotting was used to analyze the protein levels of P2X1, P2X2, phosphorylated myosin light chain kinase (p-MLCK), and phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC).
Results: NB treatment led to morphological abnormalities, impaired urodynamics, increased ATP/P2X1/P2X2/p-MLC levels (P<0.01), and decreased p-MLCK protein levels (P<0.01). Both EA and the P2X1/2 receptor antagonist reversed these changes induced by NB dysfunction (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the ATP-P2X signaling pathway is involved in the therapeutic effect of EA on excessive detrusor contraction in a rat model of NB.
Reliable unit strength correlations to predict the compressive strength of grouted concrete masonry
Authors: Thamboo Julian , Sathurshan Mathavanayakam , Zahra Tatheer
Published: April 2024

Compressive strength of grouted concrete masonry is an important parameter to design reinforced/grouted concrete masonry walls. The design standards stipulate two methods to determine the compressive strength of masonry (1) using tabulated unit strength and mortar type, and (2) testing representative masonry prisms. The compressive strength prediction of grouted concrete masonry is influenced by compressive strength characteristics of hollow blocks, mortar and grout used. Due to insufficient test data, research in this area is limited. Therefore, a multi-level approach was employed in this study to improve the existing unit strength correlations of the standards for more accurate prediction of compressive strengths of grouted concrete masonry. Initially, the existing methods to determine the compressive strength of grouted masonry were critically appraised and a database of compression tests of grouted concrete masonry prisms/wallettes was developed. This database was then used to evaluate the correlations between the compressive strengths of block, mortar, grout and masonry. The applicability of existing unit strength correlations from the design standards and literature were assessed and their relevancy and limitations are highlighted. Subsequently, updated sets of unit strength correlations are proposed in this study, through statistical reliability analyses of the predictions against the experimental results included in the database. The proposed unit strength correlations were classified according to the mortar type/strengths (≤ 10 MPa and > 10 MPa). It has been shown that the new correlations are more reliable than the existing unit strength correlations through comparing the 95th percentile error values.
Paeoniflorin inhibiting the angiogenesis via decreasing MEF2A level to downregulate the expression of LncRNA MALAT1 of exosomes in multiple myeloma
Authors: Fu Jiaqi , Zhang Jie , Sun Runjie , Yu Manya , Wu Muyun , Cui Xing , wang junqiang
Published: April 2024

Background
Angiogenesis is a pivotal mechanism driving tumor proliferation, and the epigenetic regulation of angiogenesis represents a cutting-edge area of current research in multiple myeloma (MM).
Methods
High-throughput sequencing was carried out to detect the cargos of exosomes from clinical serum and U266 cells, then GSE5900 database was analysed for the finding of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The intersect set was made based on the three gene sets. The clinical features of Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1)were verified through GEO and clinicopathological data analyses. Cell viability, tube formation assay, level of MALAT1 and VEGFA were used to evaluate the effect of U266 exosome pretreated with or without paeoniflorin (PF) on angiogenesis in HUVEC cells. Subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice were established by injection U266 cells and exosomes derived from U266 cells which pretreated with or without PF. Tumor size, HE staining, analysis of MALAT1 and VEGFA levels, as well as IHC staining for VEGFA, CD31, and Ki67 were performed to evaluate the in vivo effects of PF. The interactions between MALAT1, VEGFA, and microRNAs were demonstrated. Furthermore, network pharmacology was employed to predict transcription factors (TF) associated with MALAT1 and analyze the binding sites between PF and these transcription factors. The validation of PF effect on TF was conducted.
Results
Clinical studies indicated a notable positive correlation between MALAT1 level and VEGFA, CD31 expression,moreover, the high MALAT1 level is closely related to poor prognosis of MM. We demonstrated that MALAT1 was the highest expression linear RNA in U266 exosomes and could be transported to HUVEC cells through exosomes, promoting HUVEC cells differentiation and angiogenesis by stimulating VEGFA expression, and the tube formation could be blocked if we knockout the MALAT1 in U266 exosome. It was also proved that this pathological process can be blocked by PF in vitro and in vivo experiments.The ceRNA mechanism in MALAT1/miR-17/VEGFA was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. The docking site was determined between PF and MEF2A of MALAT1, then the effect of PF on MEF2A/MALAT1 was confirmed by WB or PCR test.
Conclusion
To summarize, our study revealed that myeloma cells can increase the angiogenesis by release exosome to influence the endothelial cells. The MALAT1 from myeloma cells is the crucial factor in this pathological process. PF can obstruct this process by intervene the MEF2A/MALAT1 in myeloma cells.
Upright CT-based evaluation of the effects of posture on skull-base reconstruction after endoscopic endonasal surgery
Authors: Takahara Kento , Mizutani Katsuhiro , Yamada Yoshitake , Yamada Minoru , Yokoyama Yoichi , Yoshida Keisuke , Kosugi Kenzo , Ueda Ryo , Toda Masahiro , Jinzaki Masahiro
Published: April 2024

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a common complication associated with endoscopic endonasal skull-base surgery (EESBS). Postoperative mobilization-associated postural changes are considered to cause CSF leakage. However, no study has demonstrated a robust relationship between postural changes and CSF leakage. We used upright computed tomography (CT) to clarify the effects of postural changes on the reconstructed skull base (RSB) after EESBS. Thirty patients who underwent EESBS at our institution were prospectively included, and their upright and supine CTs were compared to measure morphological changes in the RSB. Patient clinical data were also collected from medical charts and surgical videos, and their relationships with morphological changes were assessed. In upright CTs, the RSB shifted intracranially by 0.94 (0.0–2.9) mm on average. This shift was larger in cases with lesions extending to the sphenoid sinus, dural defects, intraoperative pulsation of the RSB, and large bone windows. The direction of the change was opposite to intuitive movement driven by gravity because of reduced intracranial pressure in the sitting position. Thus, these shifts can be directly associated with postoperative CSF leakage caused by reconstruction material displacement. Skull-base reconstruction and postoperative postural management accounting for these morphological changes may be necessary for preventing CSF leakage.