bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A clinical case of secondary eosinophilia in a child
Authors: Mukhametzyanova V. G. , Rybakova Olga G. , Palchenko P. M. , Petrunina S. Y.
Published: September 2023

A couple of decades ago, the diagnostic search for the cause of blood eosinophilia concerned, mainly, the three major allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis), or parasitic invasion. In recent years, more and more complex clinical syndromes, from reactive (secondary) eosinophilia to eosinophilic leukemia are increasingly considered by the doctors of different specialties. The aim of our work was to present a clinical case of secondary eosinophilia in a child with minimal clinical manifestations. Highlights: Sometimes blood eosinophilia in a patient is an “unexpected finding” for a physician, especially if the complaints are scanty, nonspecific, and objective examination does not reveal any significant health abnormalities. In the presented case, secondary (reactive) peripheral blood eosinophilia was diagnosed due to intestinal damage induced by food allergens. This clinical case is of practical interest to physicians, presenting a diagnostic search for the cause of blood eosinophilia, which eventually proved to be a mixed IgE/ non-IgE mediated food allergy manifesting as allergic enterocolitis. The IgE-mediated mechanism of food allergy is evidenced by a high level of IgE and its decrease with administered elimination diet; delayed-type response and low severity of clinical manifestations of food allergy, as well as blood eosinophilia suggest a non-IgE mediated food allergy. In this particular case, the severity of laboratory changes (blood eosinophilia, a significant increase in the levels of specific IgE) was associated with scarce intestinal symptoms. An opposite situation is observed, especially, in young children where the disease manifests with a pronounced clinical pattern of enterocolitis in the absence of laboratory changes.
Clinical and immunological efficacy of immunomodulating hexapeptide associated with the restoration of CD11b+CD64-CD32+CD16+ and CD11b+CD64+CD32+CD16+ neutrophil granulocytes subset in women with chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs
Authors: Kovaleva Svetlana V. , Nesterova I. V. , Chudilova G. A. , Pikturno S. N. , Lomtatidze L. V.
Published: September 2023

Failure of anti-infectious immune protection is considered a reason for the prolonged course and recurrence of chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of pelvic organs (PID). Our aim was to evaluate the effect of an original hexapeptide (HP) on negatively altered subpopulations of neutrophil granulocytes (NG) CD11b+CD64-CD32+CD16+ and CD11b+CD64+CD32+CD16+, their phenotype and associated effector functions in immunocompromised women with PID.
35 women (20-40 years old) with PID were studied during the period of clinical exacerbation (study group 1, SG1). Study group 1a (SG1a) consisted of patients who underwent treatment including the HP injections (45 mcg/ mL, 1 ml intramuscularly once a day for 10 days). The comparison group (CG) consisted of 20 conditionally healthy women. The numbers of CD11b+CD64-CD32+CD16+NG and CD11b+CD64+CD32+CD16+NG cell subsets and the density of receptor expression, phagocytic and microbicidal function of NG were determined.
In SG1, decreased counts of the major NG subpopulation (CD11b+CD64-CD32+CD16+NG) was revealed (p 0.05), with a trend for increase of minor subset CD11b+CD64+CD32+CD16+NG (p 0.05). In the CD11b+CD64-CD32+CD16+NG subset, we noted a decreased expression of CD16 (1.4-fold), CD11b (2-fold) (p1, 2 0.05). In the minor subset CD11b+CD64+CD32+CD16+NG, the expression densities were decreased in CD16 (1.7-fold), CD11b (2.1-fold, p1, 2 0.05). At the same time, the phagocytic and microbicidal functions of NG were found to be decreased. In the course of immunomodulatory therapy with the HP-based drug, positive changes in immunological parameters were revealed. In SG1a, an increased number of major NC subset was observed, with an increase in the expression density of CD16 by 1.2 times, CD11b by 1.7 times relative to SG1 (p1, 2 0.05). The contents of minor NG subset tended to decrease, along with CD16 expression density reaching the indices of comparison group. CD11b increased 1.3 times relative to SG1 (p 0.05). Higher ratios of actively phagocytizing NG and their killing ability have been registered. Clinically, we observed faster regression of clinical PID exacerbation symptoms and decreased frequency of relapses 6 months after treatment in 88.6% of cases. The positive immunomodulatory effects of the HP-based drug upon altered subsets of CD11b+CD64-CD32+CD16+ and CD11b+CD64+CD32+CD16+ NGs, their phenotype and associated effector functions suggest an opportunity of its usage for the correction of NG dysfunctions in immunocompromised women with PID, thus providing stable clinical and immunological remission and protective effect.
Immunological and biochemical markers of adverse outcome in COVID-19 and arterial hypertension
Authors: Mordyk Anna V. , Bagisheva N. V. , Moiseeva M. V. , Antipova E. P. , Streltsova V. V.
Published: September 2023

Coronavirus is able to affect various organs and systems including the immune system. At the same time, the state of the immune system may be initially changed in patients with pre-existing comorbid non-infectious disorders. The aim of our study was to evaluate biochemical and immunological markers of adverse outcomes in the patients with new coronavirus infection with underlying arterial hypertension. The retrospective study included 47 patients with COVID-19 and arterial hypertension, who underwent a study of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), assessing the increased values of these markers and the outcomes of the disease. The study group included 23 male and 24 female patients at the median age of 54 (for men), and 57 years old (for women). Upon admittance of the patients with COVID-19 and hypertension to the hospital, a parallel increase in both CRP and IL-6 was registered in these cases. Statistically significant differences were found in the levels of CRP and IL-6 in patients with a favorable versus unfavorable clinical outcomes. The levels of CRP and IL-6 in deceased patients were higher and did not tend to decrease. Thus, the simultaneous increase in CRP and IL-6 in patients with COVID-19 and hypertension is considered an unfavorable prognostic parameter for patients’ survival.
Сytokines as non-hormonal regulators in the pathogenesis of endocrinopathies
Authors: Valikova Olga V. , Zdor V. V. , Sarychev V. A. , Tikhonov Ya. N. , Boroda Andrey V.
Published: September 2023

Cytokines regulate the activity of hypothalamus – pituitary – adrenal hormonal axis, also affecting thyroid gland and ovaries. However, their exact role in pathogenesis of endocrine diseases is still under study. Altered cytokine secretion in autoimmune thyroid diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome is well known. Meanwhile, the main immunological predictors of severe prognosis in endocrinopathies and biomarkers for administration of targeted immunotherapy have not yet been determined. Therefore, our objective was to study the relationships between the cytokines and hormones in pathogenesis of autoimmune and non-autoimmune endocrinopathies, i.e., autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), Graves’ disease (GD), nodular and multinodular goiter, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

101 patients with GD and 105 patients with AIT, 110 patients with PCOS were examined; 51 patients with nodular and multinodular euthyroid goiter and 50 healthy individuals; their average age was 34.5±2.9 years old. The study was approved by the Interdisciplinary Ethics Committee of the Pacific State Medical University. Clinical examination included ultrasonography. ELISA technique was applied for determination of thyroid and sex hormones, TSH, autoantibodies to TPO, TSH receptor, cytokines in blood serum, in follicular fluid samples, cell culture media (primary cultures of cumulus cells). Genetic studies were carried out with PCR. Morphological verification was performed by inverted microscopy CKX41 (Olympus) with a phase contrast system, camera AxioCam5 (Carl Zeiss) with software Zen 2, Blue Edition.

IL-6 and TNFα in the blood serum of patients with PCOS were most significantly increased, Sharply decreased IFNγ/IL-10 ratio in blood serum and cumulus cell culture was found in PCOS when compared with controls. Significant changes in the content of thyroid hormones in GD and TSH in AIT have been proven to affect the hyperproduction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Before treatrment, the direct or reverse corelations were found between the levels of cytokines and thyroid hormones in GD, and TSH in AIT. Subsequently, upon correction of hormonal disorders, these associations became weaker, or faded away. In patients with nodular and multinodular euthyroid goiter, only the IFNγ level was significantly increased, being twice as high as in the control group.

A significant imbalance in the ratio of Th1/Th2 marker cytokines and their hyperproduction in autoimmune thyroid diseases made it possible to characterize the cellular response system in autoimmune thyroid disorders as highly active and directly associated with thyroid dysfunction, performing its effector function under the impaired immunoregulation. The revealed changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines in polycystic ovary syndrome represent new immunological markers of fertility, which may be a promising target for pathogenetic immunotherapy.
In vitro immunomodulatory effect of siRNA complexes in the influenza infection
Authors: Pashkov Evgeny A. , Samoilikov R. V. , Pryanikov G. A. , Bykov A. S. , Pashkov E. P. , Poddubikov A. V. , Svitich O. A. , Zverev V. V.
Published: September 2023

About 1.2 billion cases of influenza infection with up to 5 million cases of severe disease and up to 650,000 deaths from influenza and its complications are registered annually worldwide. High rates of morbidity and mortality are attributed to immunomodulatory properties of some proteins produced by the influenza viruses. Among these proteins, NS-1 is the most studied. One of its main functions is to disrupt the functioning of interferon-mediated defense mechanisms of the body thus causing suppressed production of different components of humoral immunity, which leads to an insufficiency of the immune response. It is known that miRNAs directed to cellular genes, which are involved in the process of viral reproduction, showing a pronounced antiviral activity. At the same time, only few studies have been focused on evaluation of their immunotropic effects. Therefore, the aim of our study was to quantify the concentrations of IFNα, IFNγ, TNFα and IL-10 cytokines as a result of complex suppression of the cellular FLT4, Nup98 and Nup205 gene activity, whose expression products play an important role in the reproduction of the influenza virus.
We have shown that the use of siRNA complexes also leads to an increase in the IFNα, IFNγ, TNFα and IL-10 concentrations. IL-10 production is absent on the first day after infection, but begins to increase on the second and third days. Moreover, in some cases, there is an increase in IFNα and IFNγ concentration on the first day after infection followed by decrease in their concentrations by the third day. This finding indicates that, upon supplement of the siRNA complexes, the cytokine profile is normalized under the influence of IL-10.
Mitochondrial dysfunction as a probable mechanism for triggering inflammatory joint diseases
Authors: Goncharov Andrey G. , Tatarkina M. A. , Lobanova V. V. , Kozenkov I. I. , Dzhigkaev A. K. , Gunbin K. V.
Published: September 2023

The article concerns the contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to the development of inflammatory joint diseases. Mitochondria are the main suppliers of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a by-product of this metabolic process. Mitochondria also have an effective antioxidant mechanism: there is a certain balance between the ROS formation and their inactivation. Accumulation with age of mutations (single nucleotide substitutions, e.g., transversions, transitions, and deletions) in mitochondrial DNA, may cause a disorder in selective destruction (utilization) of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria (mitophagy) thus leading to imbalance between the ROS production and their neutralization. This process is triggered by both internal factors (ROS overproduction) and external factors, i.e., tissue damage / injury and infection. The failure of quality control mechanisms resulting from disruption of mitophagy leads to a significant increase in terminally damaged mitochondria, which become a threat to cell survival. High level of genetic mutations accumulating with age in mitochondrial genome causes an increased formation of ROS, which, in turn, are one of the leading activators of the cytosolic NLRP3 protein, the main component of inflammasome type of the same name. Increased inflammasome formation ultimately triggers caspase-1 dependent production of pro-inflammatory interleukins-1β(IL-1β) and 18 (IL-18). Inadequate removal of damaged mitochondria leads to hyperactivation of inflammatory signaling pathways and, subsequently, to chronic systemic inflammation and development of inflammatory diseases, including primary osteoarthritis (OA). To assess the level of mitochondrial dysfunction, we assessed the numbers of mitochondrial genome copies in post-mitotic muscle cells in 48 patients aged 45 to 95 years who were diagnosed with OA of the knee or hip joints. As a result of our study, we have discovered and confirmed some regularities of human mtDNA mutations corresponding to those in vertebrates, and, in particular, in mammals. Degenerate mutation spectra (without classification of mutations by mtDNA chains and the context of surrounding nucleotides) were constructed for mtDNA in general, and for each individual sample. It was demonstrated that, in one-third of muscle samples, the critical threshold of mtDNA heteroplasmy was exceeded, at which the aberrant biochemical phenotype, in terms of oxidative phosphorylation functioning, (OXPHOS) becomes dominant. Of note, the heteroplasmy rates are lower in older patients who have had significant physical activity during their lives (sports, moderate physical work, etc.). Moreover, the heteroplasmy showed an inverse correlation with high mtDNA copy number. The results obtained can be used to diagnose pathologies in elderly, and the process of healthy aging.
The Impact of Incumbent/Opposition Status and Ideological Similitude on Emotions in Political Manifestos
Authors: Nishi Takumi
Published: September 2023

The study involved the analysis of emotion-associated language in the UK
Conservative and Labour party general election manifestos between 2000 to 2019.
While previous research have shown a general correlation between ideological
positioning and overlap of public policies, there are still conflicting results
in matters of sentiments in such manifestos. Using new data, we present how
valence level can be swayed by party status within government with incumbent
parties presenting a higher frequency in positive emotion-associated words
while negative emotion-associated words are more prevalent in opposition
parties. We also demonstrate that parties with ideological similitude use
positive language prominently further adding to the literature on the
relationship between sentiments and party status.
REFLEXÕES CRÍTICAS SOBRE DEMOCRACIA E LIBERDADE COMO PRINCÍPIOS NO CÓDIGO DE ÉTICA DO SERVIÇO SOCIAL
Authors: Gomes de Castro Valéria Cristina , Pereira Mariana
Published: September 2023

Em 2023 o atual Código de Ética do Serviço Social completa 30 anos, sendo significativo refletir sobre os desafios e limites à profissão na atual conjuntura de ofensiva do capital. Pretende-se nesse artigo debater acerca dos princípios éticos da democracia e da liberdade, como elementos que norteiam este código, à luz da perspectiva marxista. Neste artigo, realizou-se uma aproximação teórica por meio da revisão de literatura estimulando a análise crítica dessas categorias como forma de fundamentar a reflexão sobre os caminhos da profissão na contemporaneidade. As questões que nortearam a construção desse código permanecem atuais com os rumos da categoria e da formação crítica, principalmente no enfrentamento dos valores do neoconservadorismo que vêm se fortalecendo em alguns países nas últimas décadas e minimizando as lutas históricas da classe trabalhadora e das minorias com interesses estritamente voltados ao capital na vida dos indivíduos e da coletividade. Por outro lado, a luta de movimentos sociais de populações vulnerabilizadas demonstram que a força histórica da classe trabalhadora permanece viva diante de diferentes formas de opressão, na perspectiva da emancipação humana e que esse código deve ser celebrado como conquista da categoria sobre um projeto societário sob essa pauta.
OS PRINCÍPIOS METODOLÓGICOS UTILIZADOS NA APAC DE VIÇOSA MG NA BUSCA PELA REINSERÇÃO E REINTEGRAÇÃO SOCIAL DO APENADO
Authors: Viana Marto Cristiano , Barroso Fontes Marcia
Published: September 2023

A Associações de Proteção e Assistência aos Condenados (APAC) é uma entidade jurídica e social sem fins lucrativos e seu objetivo principal é a proteção do preso e da sociedade civil organizada. Essas entidades, foram criadas com a premissa de que o sistema penitenciário comum não é o local adequado para a recuperação dos presos, uma vez que é permeado pela ociosidade, por atitudes e falas violentas, sem constituir uma perspectiva de mudança tanto para o preso, quanto para a sociedade na qual ele irá retornar após o cumprimento da pena. Para responder e alcançar os resultados desse estudo, foi feita uma combinação de três métodos de pesquisa: o uso de dados secundários, a observação participante e as entrevistas. Esses métodos possibilitaram uma investigação mais direta, elucidando as questões referentes à aplicação das metodologias utilizadas pela APAC de Viçosa MG no processo de reintegração na sociedade dos recuperandos. Como resultado obteve-se a discussão acerca das atividades religiosas utilizadas na APAC de Viçosa-MG, na qual utiliza-se da valorização humana como base para todos os seus 12 elementos de trabalho. Nos resultados foi discutido em primeiro momento sobre a caracterização estrutural da APAC viçosense, onde abordou-se sobre as divisões estruturais do espaço, a representatividade de objetos para recuperandos e sobre o quadro de funcionários da instituição. Por fim, foi debatido a utilização dos doze elementos como forma de recuperação e reinserção social dos recuperandos da APAC de Viçosa, MG demonstrando como a instituição visualiza cada método
Aproximación a la lectura de La verdad los hará libres, desde algunos de sus principales núcleos temáticos
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad de Teología, Mauti Ricardo Miguel
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo intenta acercar a la lectura de la obra La verdad los hará libres, que la Facultad de Teología de la Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, ha realizado a pedido de la Conferencia Episcopal Argentina. Esta monumental obra que implicó a más de treinta autores y demandó cinco años de tra bajo, tiene su historia y se presenta como un texto desafiante y complejo. El tema central gira en torno a la Iglesia Católica en la espiral de violencia en la Argentina entre 1966 y 1983. La sensibilidad que provoca esta trágica etapa de la historia argentina, en la que han muerto tantas personas, víctimas del accionar de grupos guerrilleros como del Terrorismo de Estado sistemáticamente instaurado por las FFAA, ha tenido a la Iglesia católica, en todos sus estamentos, como a uno de sus actores principales. Si bien los estudios sobre esta temática son innumerables y probablemente inabarcables desde hace ya varias décadas, la Iglesia católica como institución ʺseʺ debía y ʺleʺ debía a la entera sociedad argentina ʺalgunaʺ toma de posición frente a los hechos, a través de un estudio serio, reflexivo y autocrítico del lugar que implicó a la Iglesia entera en esta espiral de violencia. La desclasificación de los Archivos eclesiásticos en varios de sus niveles de gobierno dentro de la etapa estudiada, es uno de los aportes que ha posibilitado una relectura crítica de acontecimientos, instituciones y personas, en particular de la propia Conferencia Episcopal Argentina. Una obra de este calibre y magnitud justifica una ʺaproximación a la lecturaʺ. Lo hemos intentado siguiendo algunas opciones a través de dos vías: un elenco de ejes temáticos (1-4), y una selección de textos guía (5), que sirvan de estímulo a los lectores que pueden tal vez sentirse atraídos a recorrer con más profundidad el estudio y análisis de la obra.
¿Por qué una teología latinoamericana de la imagen?
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Teología. Centro de Estudios de la Religión, Aguirre Federico
Published: September 2023

El culto a las imágenes y la performance festiva que se despliega en torno a ellas aparecen como rasgos fundamentales de la experiencia de fe de los pueblos latinoamericanos. Esto ha sido abordado principalmente como expresiones de “religiosidad” o “piedad popular”, términos que, en buena medida, desvían la atención respecto a la profundidad teológica presente en la veneración de las imágenes. En este sentido, la doctrina cristiana de la imagen reconoce en ella una expresión fundamental de la respuesta de fe a la revelación de Dios en Jesucristo. Esta doctrina fue formulada en el marco del VII Concilio ecuménico, y ha dado lugar al desarrollo de una teología de la imagen, que ha encontrado su principal desarrollo en el mundo ortodoxo, pero que a partir del siglo XX ha despertado creciente interés en el mundo católico. En el presente artículo artículo, una vez presentada la relevancia de la teología de la imagen para la vida de la Iglesia, se plantea la necesidad de explicitar la teología de la imagen que subyace en la experiencia de fe de los pueblos latinoamericanos.
Methodologies, Strategies and Tools for Active, Meaningful and Differentiated Learning
Authors: Espinosa Cevallos Ligia Fernanda , Moreno González Carina
Published: September 2023

For learning to be truly relevant, motivating, and long-lasting, it is necessary to go beyond memorization and repetition. For this, it is required to apply active, significant and differentiated methodologies, strategies, and teaching tools. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to explain four methodological proposals (Backward Design, Fink’s Taxonomy, Differentiated Instruction, and Family of Social Models) that will allow to achieve this type of desired learning, and analyze how they can be applied in a real classroom. The following paper analyzes how to apply these methodological proposals in a 7th grade class of Social Sciences and suggests specific tools to be used and explains in depth how to carry them out. This paper allows us to see the importance of a) first stating the objectives and evaluation, to then design the activities to be used (Backward Design), b) the importance of not only reaching knowledge, but also other dimensions like application, integration, human dimension, importance/values, and learning how to learn in our teaching process (Fink’s Taxonomy), c) the benefits of adapting the teaching-learning process to the needs, skills, and interests of students (Differentiated Instruction), and d) the importance of learning as a social and cooperative process, not an individual one (Family of Social Models).
Hemangioma cavernoso intramuscular del serratus major: diagnostico diferencial posquirurgico
Authors: Contreras Marcel Leonardo Quintero , Pedroza José Alexander Rubiano
Published: September 2023

Los tumores primarios de la pared torácica representan aproximadamente el 2% de los tumores donde se encuentran los hemangiomas, que son clasificados como neoplasias benignas no reactivas con un frecuente número de aparición de vasos normales o anormales, siendo los hematomas cavernosos intramusculares el tumor menos común en la edad adulta, el presente caso presenta un paciente masculino de 28 años con diagnostico prequirúrgico de elastofibroma en pared torácica región subescapular derecha con presentación asociada al espacio entre el serrato mayor y el dorsal ancho al cual se le aplican las técnicas estándar de identificación de tumores, posterior al análisis intraoperatorio y con el apoyo del análisis inmunopatologico se confirma diagnostico diferencial de hemangioma cavernoso intramuscular en serrato mayor escasamente descrito en la literatura, se evidencia la importancia del manejo multidisciplinar de este tipo de tumores que brinda un reto diagnostico importante con el uso de las tecnologías medicas actuales, resaltando el diagnóstico inicial preoperatorio y las conclusiones diagnosticas de patología postquirúrgica, el  tratamiento,  a  pesar  de  no  ser maligno,  es  quirúrgico de elección,  sin embargo las complicaciones intraoperatorias probables de acuerdo a las condiciones vasculares de la pieza anatómica conllevan un reto adicional para el cirujano tratante.
Non Performing Loan as Mediation of the Effect Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio on Profitability
Authors:   STIE Malangkucecwara Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Matanubun Yosina , Wiyarni Wiyarni ,   STIE Malangkucecwara Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Published: September 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of CAR and LDR on ROA with NPL as a mediating variable at state-owned banks for the period 2015 to 2022. The sample for this study was 4 (four) state-owned banks, namely BRI, BNI, Mandiri and BTN. With an observation period of 8 years, the sample for this study was 32. This study used Partial Least Square with the SmartPLS 3 program. Of the 7 hypotheses, the results showed that only 2 hypotheses were accepted, namely the effect of CAR on ROA and the effect of LDR on NPL. Indirect effect, namely NPL as a mediating effect of CAR on ROA is not proven or rejected. Likewise, the indirect effect of LDR on ROA with NPL as a mediating variable is also rejected.
COVID-19 Effects on Reward-based Crowdfunding Campaigns
Authors: Daskalakis Nikolaos
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This paper investigates the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on reward-based crowdfunding campaigns. Using data from the Kickstarter platform, I compare the number and success rates of the reward-based crowdfunding campaigns before and during the pandemic, for 16 different sectors. I find that the number of campaigns generally reduced during the pandemic period, but their success rates increased. I also find that the success rate differences are statistically significant for 6 out of the 16 sectors, and that this difference is positive for all 6 sectors, showing a robust result of better performance in terms of success rates.

JEL classification numbers: G30, M20.
Keywords: reward-based crowdfunding, COVID-19, success factors.
Patterns of Religious Magic Customary Law in Traditional Sundanese Wiwitan Marriage in West Java
Authors: Kusmayanti Hazar , Kania Dede , Sulastri Dewi , Suhartini Endeh , Rajamanickam Ramalinggam
Published: September 2023

Introduction:  The marriage law was carried out through a long process, due to, religions, or national interests. Marriages in Indonesia are not only based on the beliefs of official religions in Indonesia, but there are also marriages carried out by the Faith in God Almighty. One of the faith streams in Indonesia is the Sunda Wiwitan school. Purposes of the Research:  In this study, researchers were interested in examining magical religious practices in the marriages of the Sunda Wiwitan indigenous people of West Java.Methods of the Research: The approach method used in this study is normative juridical research through legal principles, legal systematics, legal synchronization, and legal comparison. Results of the Research: The results showed that the marriage practice of indigenous peoples who live the Sunda Wiwitan faith is still thick with its customary rituals, this is done as a process in fulfilling the practice of marriage as one of the important life phases for the Sunda Wiwitan community. The characteristics of marriage of indigenous peoples who live in Sunda Wiwitan in West Java, having the concept of marriage containing the meaning of the beginning of the single end so sawaji (initially one, finally so unified), Marriage must be monogamous which is approved by the parents of both parties and the prohibition of marriage for Sunda Wiwitan believers is to marry between nations (marrying people outside Indonesia).
Maritime Dispute Resolution With Mediation Techniques
Authors: Gayo Sabela
Published: September 2023

Introduction: In resolving ordinary maritime disputes related to national borders, from several types of dispute resolution, mediation is the right way to resolve disputes involving third parties.Purposes of the Research: This paper aims to find out that in resolving martim aurann disputes the law is contained in international law, namely UNCLOS 1982 which regulates martim disputes.Methods of the Research: The type of research is normative juridical with analysis using legal documents in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials.Results of the Research: Alternative settlement of territorial boundary disputes can be done by, first, referring to UNCLOS 1982 through Bilateral Mutual Agreement in drawing a temporary line (equidistant line) using the equity principle and considering relevant factors and the possibility of modifying the equidistant line with the diplomatic approach of both countries, second, through the ASEAN mechanism, and. third, through the mechanism of the International Court of justice by promoting equitable principles and relevant circumstances.However, resolving with the second alternative is more appropriate because it can use mediation methods in maritime dispute resolution.
Determinantes do acesso ao saneamento básico: uma análise espacial para Minas Gerais em 2019
Authors:   , Oliveira Letícia Aparecida de
Published: September 2023

A pesquisa empreendida consiste em analisar os determinantes do acesso ao saneamento básico para Minas Gerais em 2019, por meio de um análise espacial. Para se alcançar o objetivo proposto, a priori, averiguou-se a distribuição espacial do acesso aos serviços de saneamento básico, índices de atendimento de água e de esgoto nos municípios do estado de Minas Gerais em 2019. Utilizou-se a metodologia de Análise Exploratória dos Dados Espaciais (AEDE) para identificar os coeficientes univariados I de Moran, os diagramas de dispersão e os mapas de clusters das variáveis dos municípios. Os dados foram do Sistema Nacional de Informações Sobre Saneamento (SNIS 2007). De modo geral, os resultados evidenciam a presença de concentração espacial no atendimento de serviços de água e de esgoto, nos municípios mineiros, sendo a dependência espacial mais expressiva no serviço de esgotamento sanitário. A posteriori, foi investigado o impacto dos determinantes espaciais no acesso ao saneamento básico, fazendo uso do modelo de Regressões Aparentemente Não Relacionadas (SUR, Seemingly Unrelated Regression) com defasagem espacial. As variáveis explicativas do modelo pertencem ao Índice Mineiro de Responsabilidade Social (IMRS). Os resultados sugerem que há processos no espaço que são captados pelo modelo SUR-espacial com defasagem espacial. A maioria das variáveis explicativas foram estatisticamente significativas e apresentaram, em magnitude, o sinal esperado de acordo com a literatura. As conclusões deste estudo podem ajudar gestores de empresas prestadoras dos serviços de saneamento básico, formuladores de políticas públicas em saneamento ou instituições reguladoras do setor a compreender a relação entre o acesso ao saneamento básico e as características econômicas e sociais dos municípios mineiros. Além de conhecer a distribuição espacial de índices de acesso ao saneamento básico em Minas Gerais. Palavras-chave: Índice de Atendimento a Água e Esgotamento sanitário. Clusters Espaciais. Determinantes socioeconômicos. SUR Espacial.
Personality Traits and Leadership Effectiveness. A Mini Review
Authors: Koutsioumpa Eftichia
Published: September 2023

The analysis of the relationship between personality traits and leadership effectiveness has been a central area of investigation within organizational psychology for an extended period. This review aims to examine the impact of fundamental personality traits on leadership effectiveness. Based on empirical findings derived from the Five-Factor Model (FFM), it has been observed that specific personality traits, namely conscientiousness and emotional stability, exhibit consistent associations with effective leadership behaviors. Conscientious leaders exhibit traits such as organization, diligence, and responsibility, which in turn contribute to enhanced decision-making capabilities and the successful execution of projects. Emotional stability enables leaders to effectively manage and navigate the various stressors encountered in the workplace, demonstrating composure and a clear understanding of the situation. Openness to experience, a personality trait identified in the Five-Factor Model (FFM), has the potential to facilitate innovative thinking and adaptability, both of which are crucial for effectively navigating the dynamic challenges of the business environment.
Nevertheless, it is widely agreed upon that these characteristics hold significant value. Nonetheless, the ideal equilibrium of these traits differs depending on the specific circumstances, sectors, and societal norms. There is also evidence from research suggesting that situational factors and individual experiences may moderate the influence of personality.
In summary, personality traits are a fundamental framework for assessing leadership potential. However, it is essential to recognize that the expression and influence of these traits are complex and varied, thus necessitating a comprehensive approach to cultivating leadership skills. This systematic review aims to compile a comprehensive body of evidence spanning thirteen years, focusing on the impact of personality traits on leadership performance. The study examines various personality traits, including extroversion, approachability, receptivity to new experiences, neuroticism, conscientiousness, narcissism, honesty-humility, approach to risk, and tolerance of ambiguity. A significant positive correlation was observed between effectiveness and all traits mentioned above except neuroticism and, in certain instances, narcissism. The results of our study can serve as a basis for future investigations in this field.
Motivation and Employee Engagement among Employees at Makerere University
Authors: Otyola Wandera , Julie Kasamba , Caro Nakanwagi , Rogers Namwiyiri
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between employee motivation and engagement. A sample of 56 participants was selected using simple random sampling techniques at Makerere University.

Methodology: This study adopted a quantitative study approach that used a correlational survey design. A self-administered questionnaire was used in the data collection. The collected data were further coded and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science.

Findings: Descriptive statistics showed that 64.9% of the respondents were female and 32.1% were male; the majority were between 31 and 41 years old (66.1%). Results from the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r) further indicated that there was a statistically significant positive relationship observed between employee motivation and engagement (r = -.353**p = .000<0.01).

Recommendations: Based on the above findings, it was recommended that organizations also focus on creating high levels of job satisfaction among their employees by providing better working conditions and fringe benefits to keep them engaged in their jobs since they are the focal point for the growth and expansion of any organization.
The Resilience and Survival of Traditional Medicine in the Oku Fondom of Cameroon
Authors: Wensakwiy Mbingek Gilbert , Tall Prof. Richard Tanto , Ngalim Aloysius Nyuymengka
Published: September 2023

Traditional medicine is a holistic discipline that involves indigenous herbalists and African spirituality and has been practice in Cameroon for centuries. This study examines the historical resilience and survival of traditional medicine in Oku, Cameroon. The study traces the historical development of tradi-medical practices, identifying the key historical events and social factors that have influenced their resilience and survival and assessing their effectiveness in meeting the health care needs of the local population. To achieve this, the research used qualitative approach based on historical analysis and archival research. The findings show that traditional medicine in Oku has a long history deeply rooted in local culture and community practices. The resilience and survival of traditional medicine in Oku has been shaped by complex interplay of historical events and social factors such as colonialism, modernization and globalization. Despite the challenges posed by these factors, traditional medicine in Oku has continue to adapt and evolve, demonstrating its resilience and effectiveness in addressing the health needs of the local population. The study concludes that a historical appraisal of tradi- medical practices in Oku provides valuable insight into the broader issues of cultural heritage, health equity and sustainable development of rural communities. The findings of this study have important implications for policy and practices of TM, healthcare, and cultural preservation. It is hoped that the findings of this study will inform policy and practice in the fields of TM, healthcare, and cultural preservation as well as contribute to the overall well-being of the local population in Oku.
Review of Farmer-Herder Conflict Effect on Rural Livelihood and Housing in Nigeria: The Way Forward
Authors: Odebode Adedayo Ayodeji
Published: September 2023

The paper seeks to examine the implications of farmer-herder conflicts on rural dwellers livelihood in Nigeria. The study used secondary data obtained from review of relevant literature via journals, unpublished thesis and newspaper. Evidence from the study revealed that farmers’ livelihood is directly related to number of assets owned. It is also evident that most farmers in Nigeria are not well educated. Hence, the high reliance on natural capital such as farming land, crops, number of animals or birds. Consequently, most farmers are highly vulnerable if for any reason they lack access to their farm which serves as only source from which they derive their livelihood. In addition, personal observation by the author and information from published literature revealed that a lot of houses were burnt or destroyed during the crisis in Igagan. The implication is that homelessness that is not the characteristic of the study area will now be endemic. The paper concluded that the crisis could lead to the need for more IDC due to continuous displacement, high rural urban migration, unemployment, increase crime rate, destruction of lives and property. Therefore, the paper opined that Oyo state government should beef up security and to also provide a lasting solution to the crisis.
Exploring the Symbiosis of Nature and Culture in Caribbean Literature through Ecocritical Prisms: Insights from De Lisser’s Jane’s Career and Selected Poems of Derek Walcott
Authors: Oburumu Agbeye
Published: September 2023

This research examines Claude McKay De Lisser’s novel Jane’s Career and selected poems by Derek Walcott in the context of Caribbean cultural history, contemporary situations, and environmental contexts using ecocritical methods. This study investigates the effects of the second wave of ecocritics, who expanded the definition of “environment” to encompass urban landscapes, drawing inspiration from Caribbean peoples’ deep connection to their surroundings. This study uses ecocriticism to examine how humans and nature influence the urban environment, including built and undeveloped spaces. Human culture is contextualised within the urban natural environment to examine characters’ environmental views and behaviours. This study covers a range of nature attitudes, from exploitative to pro-nature. Ecocriticism clarifies Caribbean literature’s complex relationship between nature and culture. This scholarly investigation invites readers to better comprehend and appreciate these literary works by examining their motifs of environmental exploitation and harmonious cohabitation. Thus, this work enriches ecocritical studies by offering new insights into Caribbean literature and ecological challenges.
Estrategias de adaptación y adecuación de la planificación para el aprendizaje en el contexto COVID-19 y la interseccionalidad
Authors: Pajares Cohaila Aydee , Franco Castro Victor Pedro , Cafferata Vega Ingrid
Published: September 2023

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal profundizar en las problemáticas cotidianas que se evidenciaron en el proceso de diversificación curricular durante la implementación de la estrategia de educación a distancia “Aprendo en casa” en las instituciones educativas de Tacna, en el contexto de la pandemia por el Covid-19. Para ello, se realizó una investigación básica, de nivel exploratorio-descriptivo, y se adoptó un enfoque cualitativo, pues la acción indagatoria estuvo orientada a la interpretación de los datos obtenidos mediante entrevistas estructuras en profundidad realizadas a directivos en el año 2021. La muestra estuvo conformada por 12 directivos de instituciones educativas estatales de primaria y secundaria, y la selección de la misma fue por conveniencia. Los hallazgos permitieron dar cuenta del carácter interseccional de las desigualdades entre los estudiantes, y de las estrategias que las y los docentes diseñaron para cubrir las necesidades de los mismos.
Assessment of a Monthly Data Structure for Growth and Yield Projections from Early to Harvest Age in Hybrid Eucalypt Stands
Authors: Casas Gianmarco Goycochea , Boechat Soares Carlos Pedro , Romarco de Oliveira Márcio Leles , Breda Binoti Daniel Henrique , Pereira Fardin Leonardo , Coimbra Limeira Mathaus Messias , Ismail Zool Hilmi , Lopes da Silva Antonilmar Araújo , Leite Hélio Garcia
Published: September 2023

Whole-stand Models (WSM) have always been fitted with permanent plot data organised in a sequential age-matched database, i.e., i and i+1, where i = 1, 2, ... N plot measurements. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the statistical efficiency of a monthly distributed data structure by fitting the models of Clutter (1963), Buckman (1962) in the version modified by A. L. da Silva et al. (2006), and deep learning, and (2) to evaluate the possibility of gaining accuracy in yield projections made from an early age to harvest age of eucalypt stands. Three alternatives for organizing the data were analyzed. The first is with data paired in sequential measurement ages, i.e., i and i+1, where i = 1, 2, ... N plot measurements. In the second, all possible measurement intervals for each plot were considered, i.e., ii+1; i, i+2; ...; iN; i+1, i+2; ..., N-1, N. The third has data paired by month (j), always with an interval of one month, i.e., j, j+1; j+1, j+2; j+M-1, M, where M is the stand age of the plot measurement in months. This study shows that the accuracy and consistency of the projections depend on the organization of the monthly distributed data, except for the Clutter model. A better alternative to increasing the statistical assumptions of the forecast from early to harvest age is based on a monthly distributed data structure using a deep learning method.
Experiences of Senior Secondary School siSwati Teachers on Use of Project-Based Learning
Authors: Mkhonta-Khoza Portia P.
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The 21st century challenges make Project-Based Learning (PBL) “the” language teaching method that develops skills with learners. The study explored experiences of Eswatini senior secondary school siSwati teachers on use of PBL, a case study of schools in the Manzini region, Kwaluseni cluster. The objectives of the study were to; ascertain senior secondary school siSwati teachers’ views on use of PBL and to determine senior secondary school siSwati teachers’ views on the factors that allow for effective use of PBL.

Methodology: The study employed the qualitative design; a six (6) item online interview guide and a focus group discussion guide with four (4) items designed by the researcher were used for data collection. Purposive sampling was used to select five (5) schools and ten (10) teachers as participants from Manzini region, Kwaluseni. Data was analyzed using content analysis.

Findings: Teachers viewed use of PBL as practical; offering opportunity for use of ICT resources and parental/guardian involvement. Teachers’ experiences were that availability of resources; parental support and teacher-knowledge on use of PBL were factors that allow for effective use of PBL.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study concluded that PBL is not only a practical but a collaborative approach that engages the learner with human resources; the teacher and the parent and physical resources as well. The recommendations were; provision of resources; revival of teacher-learner-parent relationships and capacitation of teachers on use of PB to teach and assess.
The conceptual substantiation of the terms resilience, hardiness, psychological resilience, vitality in socio-psychological research
Authors: Нotych Victoria
Published: September 2023

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the terms resilience and hardiness in the English-language literature. The history of formation, definitions of terms and factors that form their basis are highlighted.

The author analyzes the similarities and differences between these concepts and provides their correlation, namely, resilience is a descriptive term and is understood as a process that includes experiencing significant difficulties (misfortune can be realized in many different ways) and a positive outcome despite adversity (e.g., avoiding psychological disorder, positive competence in various life tasks); while hardiness is an explanatory term - an individual psychological quality that contributes to and helps explain resilience.

It has been determined that many factors can contribute to resilience, but when it comes to internal factors of a person, resilience is the key element.The article analyzes the concepts of "psychological resilience", "hardiness ", "vitality"  in the Ukrainian-language literature.  It is determined how these concepts relate to each other, as well as how these concepts are synonymous with the concepts of resilience and hardiness.The author shows the importance of the internal potential of the individual and external resources for the development of personality resilience which is the basis of the modern resilience approach.The problem of developing the resilience of individuals in extreme conditions of military conflict is considered from the standpoint of the resilience approach, highlighting internal and external resources.