bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Budaya Organisasi dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Sugiono Edi , Lumban Tobing Gloria Ida
Published: February 2022

This study analyzes the influence of leadership, organizational culture, and Communication on job satisfaction and its impact on employee performance at PT. Usaha Makalingga Mandiri, Jakarta. The research was conducted using survey methods, samples, and questionnaires as the primary data collection tool, and the subjects were 100 respondents. The method of analysis uses the Structural Equation Model (SEM) for hypothesis testing. The results showed that 1) Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Communication directly positively affect Job Satisfaction. 2) Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Communication positively or indirectly affect employee performance through job satisfaction as a mediating variable. 3) Job Satisfaction partially mediates the influence of Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Communication on Employee Performance. 4) Leadership is the variable with the greatest influence on job satisfaction and employee performance. Increased job satisfaction will have an impact in the form of increased employee performance.
PENGELOLAAN PERKAMPUNGAN BUDAYA BETAWI SETU BABAKAN SEBAGAI STRATEGI DAYA DUKUNG LINGKUNGAN
Authors:   Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sahid Jakarta, Prinajati Purnomosutji , Rahmawati Windinda
Published: February 2022

Daya dukung lingkungan perlu diperhatikan untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara kebutuhan dan keterbatasan dari lingkungan. Daya dukung lingkungan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemampuan Kawasan untuk mencrima sejumlah wisatawan dengan intensitas penggunaan maksimum terhadap sumber daya alan yang berlangsung secara terus menerus tanpa merusak lingkungan. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui daya dukung lingkungan, mengkaji persepsi wisatawan dan pengelolaan terhadap kelestarian lingkungan, dan memilih strategi yang tepat untuk menjamin pengelolaan berkelanjutan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis daya dukung kawasan dan SWOT. Bentuk penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan analisa kuantitatif. Ketersediaan lahan di Perkampungan Budaya Betawi Setu Babakan adalah sebesar 74,5 Ha. Daya dukung fisik/Physical Carrying Capacity (PPC) kawasan Setu Babakan dapat menampung wisatawan sebanyak 29.800 orang hari. Strategi yang tepat untuk pengelolaan Perkampungan Budaya Betawi Setu Babakan yang berkelanjutan yaitu 1) mempertahankan kondisi tipikal perkampungan Betawi, 2) memaksimalkan fungsi kawasan sebagai objek wisata yang berwawasan lingkungan untuk mencegah terjadinya eksploitasi kawasan dengan memperhatikan daya dukung. 3) diperlukan upaya peningkatan promosi objek wisata dan kualitas infrastruktur yang tersedia baik dari segi perawatan bangunan, pelayanan wisatawan, memperhatikan kondisi fisik setu, aliran sungai serta potensi buangan limbah dengan mengajak masyarakat dan wisatawan untuk berkontribusi mewujudkan kondisi lingkungan wisata yang aman, nyaman, tertib dan bersih.
Kemampuan Keluarga Menurunkan Beban Keluarga dalam Merawat Pasien Skizofrenia
Authors: Wijoyo Eriyono Budi , Nopiyanah Siti , Umara Annisaa Fitrah
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang: Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan yang terjadi dalam jangka panjang dapat mempengaruhi proses pikir kemampuan perawatan yang tidak baik menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi beban keluarga yang semakin berat. Tujuan Penelitian: mengetahui hubungan antara kemampuan keluarga dengan beban keluarga dalam merawat pasien skizofrenia Di Puskesmas Kedaung Wetan Kota Tangerang. Metedologi: Menggunakan desain deskriptip korelasi dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode Purposive Sampling, sebanyak 30 orang. Instrument penelitian ini menggunakan kuesionel kemampuan keluarga dan kuesioner Burden Assessment Schedule (BAS) dengan uji yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil: Terdapat responden yang memiliki kemampuan perawatan baik sebanyak 14 responden (46,7%%) dengan beban ringan, 16 responden (46,7%) yang memiliki kemampuan perawatan tidak baik dengan beban berat. Dengan uji ini didapatkan nilai P Value 0,000 dengan nilai signifikan ≤ 0,05 bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kemampuan keluarga dengan beban keluarga merawat pasien skizofrenia di Puskesmas Kedaung Wetan Kota Tangerang. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kemampuan keluarga dengan beban keluarga merawat pasien skizofrenia di Puskesmas Kedaung Wetan Kota Tangerang.
Harnessing Private Regulation
Authors: McAllister Lesley
Published: February 2022

In private regulation, private actors make, implement, and enforce rules that serve traditional public goals. While private safety standards have a long history, private social and environmental regulation in the forms of self-regulation, sup-ply chain contracting, and voluntary certification and labeling programs have proliferated in the past couple decades. This expansion of private regulation raises the question of how it might be harnessed by public actors to build better regula-tory regimes. This Article tackles this question first by identifying three forms of strong harnessing: public incorporation of private standards, public endorsement of self-regulation, and third-party verification. It then analyzes eight third-party verification programs established by six federal regulatory agencies to derive les-sons about what makes a program successful and to develop recommendations to federal agencies about when and how they should use third-party verification.
Delinking International Environmental Law & Climate Change
Authors: Carlarne Cinnamon
Published: February 2022

This Article challenges the existing paradigm in international law that frames global efforts to address climate change as a problem of and for international environmental law. The most recent climate reports tell us that warming is unequivocal and that we are already experiencing the impacts of climate change at the domestic level in the United States. Against this backdrop, much has been written recently in the United States about domestic efforts to address climate change. These efforts are important, but they leave open the question of how the global community can work together to address the greatest collective action problem of our time. Focusing on international efforts to address climate change, this Article pushes back against the dominant framing of global climate change as a problem of and for international environmental law. It argues that the static nature of the existing global paradigm brings about two primary harms. First, the failure to address climate change overshadows the larger field of international environmental law in a way that inhibits efforts to address a suite of persistent environmental problems beyond climate change. Second, framing climate change as a traditional environmental law problem constrains efforts to think more creatively about how to address a problem that defies classification as an environmental issue and demands innovative governance approaches. In making the legal case for delinking the debates about international environmental law and global climate change, this Article argues that challenging the existing global paradigm is critical to thinking more constructively about collective action in the climate context.
Joseph L. Sax: The Realm of the Legal Scholar
Authors: Mendelson Nina
Published: February 2022

It is one of my great regrets that I never really got to know Professor Joseph Sax personally. I joined the faculty at the University of Michigan Law School well over a decade after Sax departed our halls for the University of California at Berkeley’s Boalt Hall School of Law. I met him on one occasion several years ago, when he gave an engaging workshop at Michigan on governance issues around Colorado River water allocation, complete with a detailed map of the watershed. I am exceptionally fortunate, however, to occupy a chair named for him. This is not only because of his major contributions to the creation of environmental law, but because—even viewed at a distance—his career, accomplishments, and legacy are a model of what it can mean to realize one’s potential as a legal scholar. The numerous achievements in environmental law that made Sax a giant in his field have been widely recited elsewhere: his scholarship on the public trust doctrine and on citizen suits was path-breaking, and his scholarship on takings law was frequently cited in the Supreme Court. He was awarded the Blue Planet Prize, sometimes called the Nobel Prize for the environmental sciences, was named a Distinguished University Professor here at Michigan, and wrote an influential environmental protection statute for the State of Michigan. His contributions to law and the environment are legion; later in life he expanded his focus to cultural treasures as well as environmental ones.
Long Standing Intra-oral Foreign Body: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Kamat Anish
Published: February 2022

Foreign bodies are rare entities in the Oral and Maxillofacial region. The etiology is either traumatic, iatrogenic or due to inadvertent placement. Some foreign bodies show an immediate inflammatory reaction, infected granuloma formation, pus discharge, sinus tract formation etc. However, some remain asymptomatic for a long time and shows a delayed reaction. Diagnosis and management of the foreign body depends on multiple factors like clinical sign and symptoms, size and composition of foreign body, anatomic relation to different vital structures etc. This paper aims to present a rare case of a toy gun pellet located in upper left alveolus giving a delayed inflammatory reaction after 38 years.
A hagyományos és tájjellegű élelmiszerek gazdasági jelentősége az észak-alföldi régióban
Authors: Halasi Nóra
Published: February 2022

Egy adott térségre vonatkozóan nagyon fontos szerepet kap a versenyképesség és a fenntarthatóság kérdésköre, mely tényezők a helyi lakosok életminőségét és gazdasági helyzetét alapvetően meghatározzák. A vidékfejlesztés intenzív megvalósulása esélyt ad a gazdasági fejlődésre is. A hagyományos és tájjellegű élelmiszertermékek egyértelműen a vidéki területek fejlődésének lehetőségét jelentik, előállításuk rendkívül fontos a helyi – és összességében a magyar – gazdaság, illetve társadalom szempontjából is. Ezen élelmiszertermékek előállításának növelése, illetve az értékesítési lehetőségek kiterjesztése és emelése hozzájárulhat a régió egyes térségeinek népességmegtartásához, valamint többek között a vidéki területek tárgyi és szellemi örökségének védelméhez, megőrzéséhez. A városi területek is kiemelt jelentőséggel bírnak a hagyományos és tájjellegű ételek szempontjából: a helyi rendezvények – például tematikus fesztiválok – és a vendéglátás szereplői tudatos, átgondolt értékesítési- és marketing stratégia révén szintén segíthetnek az élelmiszertermékek népszerűvé tételében. Kutatásom célja a hagyományos és tájjellegű élelmiszerek, illetve termékek gazdasági pozíciójának jellemzése a helyi fogyasztók körében, az Észak-alföldi régió területén. A kutatás során 1.349 fő töltötte ki a kérdőívet, akik közül valamennyien értékelhető választ adtak. Elsősorban a helyi sajátosságokat vizsgáltam, a régióbeli lakosok véleményét mértem fel a hagyományos élelmiszer-fogyasztással összefüggésben, hogy értékelhetővé váljon a hagyományos és tájjellegű élelmiszerekért való többletfizetési hajlandóság.
Diseño de un programa de incentivos para docentes de una Institución Educativa de San Juan de Pasto en tiempos de trabajo en casa
Authors: Ortega Champutis Diana Alejandra , Riascos Granizo Ángela María , Bastidas Jurado Claudia Fernanda , Matabanchoy Sonia Maritza
Published: February 2022

En la actualidad los docentes se ven enfrentados a múltiples situaciones que pueden incidir directamente en su motivación. Por esta razón, el presente estudio de tipo descriptivo y de paradigma investigativo mixto centra su investigación en el diseño de una estrategia que permita fortalecer los procesos motivacionales en el cuerpo profesorado. Este proceso se lleva a cabo en una comunidad educativa de la ciudad de Pasto, en la que las directivas después de identificar en sus antecedentes organizacionales una oportunidad de mejora en la variable motivación e interiorizar la necesidad de generar espacios y herramientas que contribuyan a la motivación laboral deciden formular una estrategia que contribuya al fortalecimiento de los procesos motivacionales en los docentes. Como resultado de esta iniciativa se obtiene el diseño de un plan de incentivos basado en el reconocimiento de la labor docente, éste está compuesto por dos etapas: etapa de diagnóstico y etapa de diseño, las cuales se encuentran adaptadas a las condiciones de trabajo en casa que experimentan los docentes en la actualidad. La presente estrategia dado su diseño adaptativo a diferentes contextos institucionales posibilita que otras entidades educativas la retomen como guía para diseñar su propio proceso con características de su entorno, permitiéndoles lograr el objetivo de fortalecer la motivación de su equipo docente incluso en tiempos de contingencia.
Validación del instrumento de estilos de afrontamiento (IDEA-10) en población Colombiana
Authors: Guevara Bedoya Lina Marcela , Londoño Londoño Maria Eugenia , Álvarez Serna Sara
Published: February 2022

El diseño y validación de instrumentos en el contexto específico de su uso, garantizando la calidad, es un reto para la psicología. A esto se suma la exigencia legal por parte del gobierno colombiano de medir y gestionar los factores de riesgo psicosocial laboral y las variables individuales asociadas. Este estudio presenta los resultados del proceso de validación del instrumento de estilos de afrontamiento IDEA-10, adicionalmente brinda claridades para la comprensión de este fenómeno a partir de las relaciones encontradas con otras variables. La escala evalúa diez estilos de afrontamiento referenciados en la literatura derivados del modelo de Lazarus & Folkman (1984). Se calculó la fiabilidad por medio de Alpha de Cronbach y Omega McDonald obteniendo resultados entre .37 y .80 en el primer caso y .76 y .85 en el segundo. Se verificó la validez concurrente por medio de correlaciones, la predictiva a partir de regresiones múltiples, y de constructo empleando análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios dando cuenta no solamente a la calidad del instrumento sino también del funcionamiento del constructo en la población trabajadora colombiana. Para los análisis se utilizaron medidas de autoestima, autoeficacia, desarrollo psicológico, felicidad en la vida y en el trabajo, equilibrio emocional, estrés, burnout y engagement. La muestra fue de 38267 trabajadores colombianos. Los resultados evidencian la calidad del instrumento y corroboran la existencia de diez dimensiones evaluadas aportando sustento sobre sus efectos. Reinterpretación positiva, apoyo social y resolución de problemas muestran mejores asociaciones con fenómenos positivos por lo que conviene fomentar su uso. Desconexión, autoinculpación y autodistracción se relacionan con mayores síntomas de estrés y burnout.
Georgic Marvel: Agriculture and Affect
Authors: Mannon Ethan
Published: February 2022

How do humans respond, emotionally and psychologically, to georgic spaces and places? What do we think and feel when we encounter “working landscapes”—those rural places (primarily farms, but also mines and working forests) where labor produces goods that meet our material and metabolic needs? Despite increasing attention to the georgic literary tradition, these questions remain unsettled. In fact, much of the growing body of georgic scholarship disagrees about the kinds of responses generated by georgic landscapes. One task that remains, then, is to map the current scholarly terrain and synthesize, if possible, a theory of georgic affect. A related, equally important task is to ground such a theory as much as possible in the realities of soil and sun and water. Without attention to such fundamentals, the georgic mode will likely remain solely the property of academics or, equally unfortunate, become as steeped in myth and therefore as untethered from the material world as the pastoral mode. Thus, in “Georgic Marvel” I derive from scholarship and experience a nuanced but intelligible concept describing the human response to georgic places. In short, my intention is to begin to do for working landscapes what the concept of the sublime has done for wilderness. I argue that the experience of georgic places generates marvel and humility. At least two different kinds of catalysts initiate this reaction: encounters with either an epic past or with some kind of biotic mystery trigger marvel—a kind of negative hubris that tears down anthropocentrism by reminding us of the past and of other actors and agents. In its challenge to our self-centeredness, georgic marvel approximates the sublime, but relates to a different land use category and represents a distinct response. Whereas terror is integral to the experience of the sublime, georgic marvel creates intrigue and curiosity rather than fear. Marvel leads us deeper. The article concludes with an exploration of the ways in which a theory of georgic affect rooted in marvel would productively reorient our understanding of the human place in the world.
“[F]earful Hard Work”: The Possibilities and Pitfalls of a Victorian Eco-Georgic
Authors: Tait Adrian
Published: February 2022

As a form of literature that engages with the lived realities of farming life, the Georgic offers an insight into the kind of close working relationship that is possible between humans and nature, a relationship that may in turn be described as ecological in its concern with adaptation and sustainability. This essay focuses on three examples of Georgic literature that highlight both the possibilities and pitfalls of making this association: Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the d’Urbervilles (1891), Richard Jefferies’s Amaryllis at the Fair (1887), and Hubert Crackanthorpe’s short story, “Anthony Garstin’s Courtship” (1896). All three were written during the Victorian period, when innovations in “high farming” had made it possible to increase yields without overly exploiting the land. As these narratives illustrate, this form of farming nevertheless involved back-breaking, exploitative and often poorly paid work. Moreover, farmers were already under pressure to mechanize their processes where possible, maximising yield regardless of long-term consequences. Small farms were themselves are threat, because less economically viable. Whatever ecological balance high farming embodied, it could not long survive these wider socio-economic pressures. In their concern with these particularities, these narratives nevertheless offer an insight into what an eco-Georgic might mean, as a form of writing properly attentive to the challenges of reconciling human and nonhuman needs, and accommodating both within a global, capitalist framework. These works are, furthermore, alert to the difficulty of how best to (re)present those challenges; each shifts away from conventional realism and towards new literary modes better able to confront the idealising, pastoral expectations of an urban readership. As such, these works emerge as prototypical forms of a modern, self-reflexive form of (eco-)Georgic mindful of the practical difficulties of sustainable living, and flexible enough to find innovative ways of representing them.
Review Essay of 'Anthropocene Poetics: Deep Time, Sacrifice Zones and Extinction' and 'The New Poetics of Climate Change: Modernist Aesthetics for a Warming World'
Authors: McGiffin Emily
Published: February 2022

Review essay of  Anthropocene Poetics: Deep Time, Sacrifice Zones and Extinction and The New Poetics of Climate Change: Modernist Aesthetics for a Warming World.
Comparative study of efficacy of oral iron versus parenteral iron in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Elias , Mahfuz Huque , Uddin Mohammed Mosleh , Karim Md. Mostafil
Published: February 2022

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is one of the most widespread nutritional deficiency and common medical conditions seen in everyday clinical practice. IDA has a substantial haematological complication with potentially serious clinical consequences that often may require iron therapy. In most patients, body stores of iron can be restored by oral iron therapy but parenteral iron therapy results rapid correction of haemoglobin levels, faster and higher replenishment of iron stores with better compliance. The study was to compare the efficacy of oral iron (ferrous sulphate) with parenteral iron (iron sucrose) to treat iron deficiency anaemia. Methods: 221 patients were included in the study. 101 patients were given oral iron in the form of ferrous sulphate containing 67 mg of elemental iron three times daily. 120 patients were treated with iron sucrose.  After a 25 mg test dose on the first infusion only, this was given at a dose of 300 mg by intravenous infusion diluted in 250 ml of normal saline, every alternate day. Haemoglobin level and serum ferritin of both groups were done before iron therapy, 3 weeks and 12 weeks after iron therapy. Results: The mean±SD rise of haemoglobin concentration 3 weeks after iron therapy in iron sucrose group was 11.2±0.60 g/dL, while in ferrous sulphate group was 9.0±0.58 g/dL. The mean±SD ferritin 3 weeks after iron therapy in iron sucrose group was 81.0±15.18 ng/mL, while in ferrous sulphate group was 27.0±12.22 ng/mL. The mean±SD haemoglobin concentration 12 weeks after iron therapy in iron sucrose group was 12.2±0.60 g/dL, while in ferrous sulphate group was 11.0±0.58 g/dL. The mean±SD ferritin 12 weeks after iron therapy in iron sucrose group was 82.0±16.17 ng/mL, while in ferrous sulphate group was 52.0±12.22 ng/mL. No serious adverse events were reported in either the ferrous sulphate group or iron sucrose group. Conclusion: Iron sucrose causes higher rise in haemoglobin level and serum ferritin as compared to oral iron therapy.
Incorporating Reader’s Theater in Japanese University EFL Classrooms
Authors: Capati Wilma
Published: February 2022

Reader's Theater is an activity that is often utilized in classrooms for younger learners. However, this activity, which fosters a cooperative learning environment, can also be used to increase the fluency of Japanese university EFL learners. This article explains how the author uses Reader’s Theater (hereafter called RT) with adult learners and how it can be scaffolded in a Japanese university setting through the introduction of information on the Japanese voice acting industry. Moreover, the benefits of implementing RT in the EFL classroom, potential challenges when doing so, and different ways of addressing these challenges are also discussed. The article focuses on the use of cooperative learning strategies, such as the jigsaw technique, which can be used to enhance student voice acting skills, delivery, pronunciation, and teamwork. Utilizing strategies like these can help ensure that RT will be an engaging activity for students in an English-medium classroom.
Differentiated Approach to Surgical Treatment of Blount's Disease and Rickets-Like Diseases
Authors: Martsyniak S.M. , Nemesh M.M. , Kabatsii M.S. , Moroz D.M. , Savchyn N.B.
Published: February 2022

Relevance. Blount's disease and vitamin-D-dependent rickets (VDDR) are nosologically different skeletal diseases in childhood. Considering the similarity of the clinical and radiological picture, orthopedists and pediatricians make mistakes in diagnostics, which leads to wrong treatment tactics.

Objective: to establish clear indications for surgical treatment of Blount's disease and rickets-like diseases.

Materials and Methods. Surgical treatment of 13 patients with varus lower extremity deformities with vitamin-D-dependent rickets and 29 patients with Blount's disease was carried out; 26 and 42 surgical interventions were made, respectively. The patients' age ranged from 6 months to 14 years.

Results. Multilevel osteotomies with blocking and growing intramedullary rods should be performed for the treatment of rickety deformities. Applied plates are used only in single-level corrective osteotomies. The use of eight-shaped plates is indicated in the process of the growth zone functioning. In Blount's disease, we recommend: (1) blocking growth zones in patients with 1-4 degrees of deformity, II-VI stages according to Langenskiöld, and skeletal maturity of 23 to 33 points; (2) semicircular dissection in patients with 1-2 degrees of deformity, I-II stages according to Langenskiöld, and skeletal maturity of 18 to 23 points; (3) corrective osteotomies combined with simultaneous blocking of growth zones in patients with 3-4 degrees of deformity, V-VI stages according to Langenskiöld, and skeletal maturity of 30 to 33 points.

Conclusions. The presented laboratory diagnostics enables differentiate diagnostics of the etiological affiliation of the varus deformity of the lower leg. If rickets is detected, pathogenetic conservative treatment should be performed; in case of Blount's disease, surgical treatment should be started using minimally invasive methods. In the absence of positive dynamics in case of rickets, guided growth should be applied. In case of multiplanar deformities, one should apply the methods of corrective and reinforced surgical treatment: multilevel osteotomies with a blocking intramedullary rod after the closure of the growth zones and osteotomy with a telescopic intramedullary rod in case of preserved growth zone. If Blount's disease is diagnosed early, timely and correctly, growth zone blocking is the method of choice. In case of recurrence, corrective osteotomies with blockage of growth zones should be performed.
Linguistic Transgression in Society as Seen Through Spanish Linguistic Landscapes
Authors: Bruyèl-Olmedo Antonio , Juan-Garau Maria
Published: February 2022

The term “transgression” is traditionally associated with the infringement of what is prescribed. However, a closer look at its nature suggests that it is an integral part of the norm, as well as a starting point for innovation, in this case linguistic. The study focuses on the linguistic landscape (LL) of Spain, where five official languages share regional official status with Castilian Spanish. Further, these languages coexist in the LL with immigrant ones and English as an international language. In this environment, the article explores how linguistic transgression is reflected in the LL and what motivations underlie such non-normative uses. Given the spatial and grammatical limitations of the texts in the LL, the study focuses on aspects of code preference and orthography. To this end, we work on photographs taken in different Spanish regions which reflect the range of transgressive linguistic practices present in the public space. The evidence gathered allows us to suggest the grouping of these techniques under the categories of code (or variant) choice/elimination, exoticisation, re-representation and re-signification. The subsequent analysis presents linguistic transgression in LL as a voluntary, motivated and intentional social act that reflects identity, socio-cultural, but also commercial motivations. These motivations lead street-text authors to force the linguistic norm in their texts in order to claim their identity, show their solidarity with ideologies, resist linguistic policies or seek identification with their audience’s sensitivities for trade purposes.
Remembering a Present-Oriented Future in Lois Lowry’s The Giver (1993)
Authors: González Campos Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2022

Futures Studies as a multidisciplinary academic field developed in the last decades has emphasized the meaningful and revealing nature of the images of the future originating in every society. In this sense, Piotr M. Szpunar and Karl K. Szpunar (2016) underline the close relationship between recalling the past and imagining the future and suggest a mutual influence and interdependence between both processes. The purpose of this article is to apply the concept of “collective future thought” coined by these authors to the analysis of The Giver (1993) by Lois Lowry, which depicts a future dystopian society where memories of the past, as a powerful and threatening artifact, are kept away from the members of the community. This novel has been extensively analyzed as a dystopian text from many different perspectives. However, no critical attention has been paid to the way Lowry explores the close interrelationship and interdependence between the visions of past and future created by a society and their bonds of reciprocal interaction. Starting from a consideration of The Giver as dystopian fiction, this research attempts to move the critical exploration of this novel one step further and claims that a more nuanced understanding of the text can be achieved by considering the contributions from the field of Futures Studies and the concepts of collective memory and collective future thinking.
Dulaglutide Ameliorates Palmitic Acid-Induced Hepatic Steatosis by Activating FAM3A Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lee Jinmi , Hong Seok-Woo , Kim Min-Jeong , Moon Sun Joon , Kwon Hyemi , Park Se Eun , Rhee Eun-Jung , Lee Won-Young
Published: February 2022

Background: Dulaglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), has been shown to reduce body weight and liver fat content in patients with type 2 diabetes. Family with sequence similarity 3 member A (FAM3A) plays a vital role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms by which dulaglutide protects against hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells treated with palmitic acid (PA).Methods: HepG2 cells were pretreated with 400 μM PA for 24 hours, followed by treatment with or without 100 nM dulaglutide for 24 hours. Hepatic lipid accumulation was determined using Oil red O staining and triglyceride (TG) assay, and the expression of lipid metabolism-associated factor was analyzed using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Results: Dulaglutide significantly decreased hepatic lipid accumulation and reduced the expression of genes associated with lipid droplet binding proteins, de novo lipogenesis, and TG synthesis in PA-treated HepG2 cells. Dulaglutide also increased the expression of proteins associated with lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation and FAM3A in PA-treated cells. However, exendin-(9-39), a GLP-1R antagonist, reversed the expression of FAM3A, and fatty acid oxidation-associated factors increased due to dulaglutide. In addition, inhibition of FAM3A by siRNA attenuated the reducing effect of dulaglutide on TG content and its increasing effect on regulation of fatty acid oxidation. Conclusion: These results suggest that dulaglutide could be used therapeutically for improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and its effect could be mediated in part via upregulation of FAM3A expression through a GLP-1R-dependent pathway.
Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Protocluster at z = 3.37 with a High Fraction of Quiescent Galaxies
Authors: McConachie Ian , Wilson Gillian , Forrest Ben , Marsan Z. Cemile , Muzzin Adam , Cooper M. C. , Annunziatella Marianna , Marchesini Danilo , Chan Jeffrey C. C. , Gomez Percy , Abdullah Mohamed H. , Saracco Paolo , Nantais Julie
Published: February 2022

We report the discovery of MAGAZ3NE J095924+022537, a spectroscopically confirmed protocluster at

z
=

3.3665

−
0.0012

+
0.0009

around a spectroscopically confirmed UVJ-quiescent ultramassive galaxy (UMG;

M

⋆

=

2.34

−
0.34

+
0.23

×

10

11

M

⊙

) in the COSMOS UltraVISTA field. We present a total of 38 protocluster members (14 spectroscopic and 24 photometric), including the UMG. Notably, and in marked contrast to protoclusters previously reported at this epoch that have been found to contain predominantly star-forming members, we measure an elevated fraction of quiescent galaxies relative to the coeval field (

73.3

−
16.9

+
26.7

%

versus

11.6

−
4.9

+
7.1

%

for galaxies with stellar mass M
⋆ ≥ 1011
M
⊙). This high quenched fraction provides a striking and important counterexample to the seeming ubiquitousness of star-forming galaxies in protoclusters at z > 2 and suggests, rather, that protoclusters exist in a diversity of evolutionary states in the early universe. We discuss the possibility that we might be observing either “early mass quenching” or nonclassical “environmental quenching.” We also present the discovery of MAGAZ3NE J100028+023349, a second spectroscopically confirmed protocluster, at a very similar redshift of

z
=

3.3801

−
0.0281

+
0.0213

. We present a total of 20 protocluster members, 12 of which are photometric and eight spectroscopic including a poststarburst UMG (

M

⋆

=

2.95

−
0.20

+
0.21

×

10

11

M

⊙

). Protoclusters MAGAZ3NE J0959 and MAGAZ3NE J1000 are separated by 18′ on the sky (35 comoving Mpc), in good agreement with predictions from simulations for the size of “Coma”-type cluster progenitors at this epoch. It is highly likely that the two UMGs are the progenitors of Brightest Cluster Galaxies seen in massive virialized clusters at lower redshift.
Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: On-sky Receiver Performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz Frequency Bands
Authors: Dahal Sumit , Appel John W. , Datta Rahul , Brewer Michael K. , Ali Aamir , Bennett Charles L. , Bustos Ricardo , Chan Manwei , Chuss David T. , Cleary Joseph , Couto Jullianna D. , Denis Kevin L. , Dünner Rolando , Eimer Joseph , Espinoza Francisco , Essinger-Hileman Thomas , Golec Joseph E. , Harrington Kathleen , Helson Kyle , Iuliano Jeffrey , Karakla John , Li 李 Yunyang 云炀 , Marriage Tobias A. , McMahon Jeffrey J. , Miller Nathan J. , Novack Sasha , Núñez Carolina , Osumi Keisuke , Padilla Ivan L. , Palma Gonzalo A. , Parker Lucas , Petroff Matthew A. , Reeves Rodrigo , Rhoades Gary , Rostem Karwan , Valle Deniz A. N. , Watts Duncan J. , Weiland Janet L. , Wollack Edward J. , Xu 徐 Zhilei 智磊
Published: February 2022

The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) observes the polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) over the angular scales of 1° ≲ θ ≤ 90° with the aim of characterizing primordial gravitational waves and cosmic reionization. We report on the on-sky performance of the CLASS Q-band (40 GHz), W-band (90 GHz), and dichroic G-band (150/220 GHz) receivers that have been operational at the CLASS site in the Atacama desert since 2016 June, 2018 May, and 2019 September, respectively. We show that the noise-equivalent power measured by the detectors matches the expected noise model based on on-sky optical loading and lab-measured detector parameters. Using Moon, Venus, and Jupiter observations, we obtain power to antenna temperature calibrations and optical efficiencies for the telescopes. From the CMB survey data, we compute instantaneous array noise-equivalent-temperature sensitivities of 22, 19, 23, and 71

μ

K

cmb

s

for the 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz frequency bands, respectively. These noise temperatures refer to white noise amplitudes, which contribute to sky maps at all angular scales. Future papers will assess additional noise sources impacting larger angular scales.
The Effects of Stellar Population and Gas Covering Fraction on the Emergent Lyα Emission of High-redshift Galaxies*
Authors: Reddy Naveen A. , Topping Michael W. , Shapley Alice E. , Steidel Charles C. , Sanders Ryan L. , Du Xinnan , Coil Alison L. , Mobasher Bahram , Price Sedona H. , Shivaei Irene
Published: February 2022

We perform joint modeling of the composite rest-frame far-UV and optical spectra of redshift 1.85 ≤ z ≤ 3.49 star-forming galaxies to deduce key properties of the massive stars, ionized interstellar medium (ISM), and neutral ISM, with the aim of investigating the principal factors affecting the production and escape of Lyα photons. Our sample consists of 136 galaxies with deep Keck/LRIS and MOSFIRE spectra covering, respectively, Lyβ through C iii] λλ1907, 1909 and [O ii], [Ne iii], Hβ, [O iii], Hα, [N ii], and [S ii]. Spectral and photoionization modeling indicates that the galaxies are uniformly consistent with stellar population synthesis models that include the effects of stellar binarity. Over the dynamic range of our sample, there is little variation in stellar and nebular abundance with Lyα equivalent width, W

λ
(Lyα), and only a marginal anticorrelation between age and W

λ
(Lyα). The inferred range of ionizing spectral shapes is insufficient to solely account for the variation in W

λ
(Lyα); rather, the covering fraction of optically thick H i appears to be the principal factor modulating the escape of Lyα, with most of the Lyα photons in down-the-barrel observations of galaxies escaping through low column density or ionized channels in the ISM. Our analysis shows that a high star-formation-rate surface density, ΣSFR, particularly when coupled with a low galaxy potential (i.e., low stellar mass), can aid in reducing the covering fraction and ease the escape of Lyα photons. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our results for the escape of ionizing radiation at high redshift.
Character analysis and descriptions of Eocene sphodrine fossils (Coleoptera, Carabidae) using light microscopy, micro-CT scanning, and 3D imaging
Authors: Schmidt Joachim , Scholz Stephan , Will Kipling
Published: February 2022

Of the 12 specimens of Calathus-like sphodrine beetles presently known from Baltic and Rovno amber deposits, 11 specimens were investigated using light microscopy, micro-CT scanning, and 3D imaging techniques. For the first time, many significant diagnostic characters of the external morphology and male and female genitalia of Eocene Sphodrini were studied in detail. Based on these data, three fossil species are diagnosed and placed in a natural group characterized by a derived pattern in elytral chaetotaxy and microsculpture and therefore the genus Quasicalathus Schmidt & Will, gen. nov. is described to comprise these species. Due to the presence of a styloid right paramere, Quasicalathus gen. nov. is considered a member of the sphodrine “P clade” of Ruiz et al. (2009). However, given the absence of synapomorphies of any species group of the P clade, the systematic position of Quasicalathus gen. nov. within this clade remains unresolved. The Baltic amber species Calathus elpis Ortuño & Arillo, 2009 is redescribed based on additional, fossil, non-holotype material and transferred to Quasicalathus gen. nov. Identification of the additional C. elpis fossil material remains slightly uncertain due to the non-availability of the holotype for direct comparison coupled with doubts regarding the accuracy of certain character states presented in its original description. Two species are newly described: Quasicalathus agonicollis Schmidt & Will, sp. nov., from Baltic amber, and Q. conservans Schmidt & Will, sp. nov., from Rovno amber.
Research on the Application of Chinese Teaching Based on Social Media Video Platforms
Authors: Wang Guihua , Zhou Guoxiang , Li Zhe
Published: February 2022

Video platform is not only a social tool, but also an educational tool.The survey found that Vietnamese Chinese learners widely use YouTube to learn Chinese. However, there is not much research on it. Under the guidance of constructivism, language acquisition theory and immersion theory, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of using YouTube for Chinese teaching. Through the comprehensive methods of questionnaire survey and teaching experiment, the study found that the use of YouTube teaching has a positive impact on Chinese learning. They generally believe that YouTube creates a more real language environment, which is conducive to Chinese learning.
Ovidijevi ljubezni Venera in Flora in preobrazba elegičnega žanra
Authors: Šterbenc Erker Darja
Published: February 2022

Preobrazba žanra je bila rdeča nit v Ovidijevih Ljubeznih, v pričujoči članek pa prikazuje, da je ta tema osrednjega pomena tudi v Rimskem koledarju, v Ovidijevem »večjem delu«. Žanr ajtiološke elegije je v tej pesnitvi Ovidij preobrazil tako, da je v ajtiologije rimskih praznikov vpletel epske elemente, ljubezensko-erotične ajtiologije in mimus. Čeprav Ovidijev pesniški lik še naprej pesni pod vplivom boginje ljubezni Venere, pričujoči članek pokaže, da je v Rimskem koledarju Ovidijeva prava ljubezen Flora. Ovidijev pesniški lik je privzel način življenja v znamenju Flore, veseli se mimov, razpuščenega uživanja v nočnih gostijah, vina in pesniškega ustvarjanja. V svoji preobrazbi žanra Ovidij kreativno sledi literarnim vzorom iz rimskega imperija, predvsem Kalimahovim Izvorom. V procesu preobrazbe elegičnega žanra v Florino elegijo Ovidij poudari že obstoječe politične konotacije rimske elegije tako, da se distancira od Avgustovih vrednot, predvsem spolne morale.
Sezona vojaških pohodov v srednjem veku
Authors: Gradišnik Matevž
Published: February 2022

Članek predstavi sezono vojaških pohodov v srednjem veku. Znotraj tisočletnega časovnega loka se osredotoča na čas od 11. do 15. stoletja in na prostor fevdalne krščanske zahodne in srednje Evrope. V uvodnem delu predstavi relevantno literaturo in opozori na premike v razumevanju srednjeveških vojaških pohodov v novejšem času. Osrednji del skuša odgovoriti na vprašanje, ki prvenstveno zadeva vojaško zgodovino, se tesno prepleta z okoljsko ter socialno zgodovino srednjega veka: v katerem delu leta so v srednjem veku potekali vojaški pohodi? Ob tem vprašanju bomo pokazali neposredno povezavo med vojaškimi pohodi in spreminjanjem narave skozi leto v odnosu do kmečkih opravil in verskih praznikov. V zadnjem poglavju bomo na osnovi statistike srednjeveških bitk, ki jo ponujata dva zgodovinarja, skušali predstaviti, kakšen delež spopadov je potekal v zimskem času. Zaključke statistične primerjave bomo podprli z nekaterimi primeri zimskih vojaških pohodov iz (poznega) srednjega veka.
Prevalence and factors influencing cerebro-spinal meningitis, in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammad Laraba Ahmed , Umar Nura Khalil , Zakaria Aliyu , Yusuf R.O.
Published: February 2022

Meningococcal disease is a contagious disease caused by the meningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis), a Gram-negative bacterium. Today epidemic meningococcal meningitis is a major public health problem affecting tropical countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, it causes considerable morbidity and mortality. Frequent epidemics and control measures have met with limited success. This study analyzes the incidence, and influencing factors of meningitis in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. The study made use of both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected using questionnaire while secondary data was obtained from hospital records. The study adopted systematic sampling to select four Local Government Areas. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select houses for the administration of 384 copies of questionnaire. Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics as well as GIS-mapping such as: line graph, percentages, kernel density estimation and regression. The result showed that out of the 8724 cases of meningitis recorded from 2008 – 2017, LGA recorded the highest incidences (37.3%), where population is high and estimated density shows very high cluster. Also, incidence of meningitis, though with fluctuating pattern, appeared to be increasing from 2014 to 2017. Factors like overcrowding of people sleeping in the same room (0.0674) and increase in temperature (0.0641) were the most significant factors of meningitis in the study area. Awareness should be made on the need for a ventilated housing especially during the high temperature season (March to April) in the area
Interpretation of gravity data of Hadejia and its environs using tilt angle derivative method
Authors: Ahmad Alhassan , Bello Yusuf Idi , Aharaz M. Nasir , Auwal Aliyu , Yusuf Abdulhameed , Nasiru Bala , Abdullahi Hussaini
Published: February 2022

Tilt angle derivative method was applied to satellite gravity data of Hadejia and surrounding for subsurface delineation. The study area falls in the contact region between Chad sedimentary formation and the crystalline basement complex in the Northeastern Jigawa state and Northwestern Yobe state of Nigeria which lies between latitude 80N - 140N and longitude 110E -130E. Satellite gravity data of the area was obtained from Bureau Gravimetrique International (BGI). The Bouguer correction was already applied on the data and the Bouguer graph was plotted using surfer software. Low gravity anomalies are detected in the dominant part of the map with its minimum value appearing in the south-eastern and north-eastern part of the map. The low anomalies are probably due to existence of thick sedimentary sections in these parts of the study area. Edges and Depth of the source of anomaly were also derived from the tilt angle. The tilt angle ranges between -3.5 degrees to 3.5 degrees with edges(boundary) at zero. This describes the edges/boundaries between the two formations. The method also revealed that the area has a depth ranging between 2km to 18km. The sedimentary areas were identified and isolated. Those areas with low anomaly and high depths are sufficient for hydrocarbon accumulation.
Evaluation of iron ore deposit using 2D resistivity imaging and induced polarization technique at Fakarau Potiskum, Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Lawan Aliyu Mohammed , Ahmed Usman , Lawal Abubakar Sadiq
Published: February 2022

2D Electric resistivity imaging and Induced polarization (IP) techniques were used to evaluate Iron Ore deposit at Potiskum area of Yobe State, Northeastern Nigeria. The area lies between latitudes 110 40' 00'' and 110 50' 00'' N, and longitude 110 00' 00'' and 110 10' 00'' E. The survey was targeted at determining resistivity and chargeability values that are associated with the iron ore deposit. The dipole-dipole array was used for 2D resistivity and induced polarization imaging. Data processing and interpretation were done using RES2DINV software. This research had characterized the study area into two portions: the alluvium deposit that is highly enriched of iron ore and alluvium deposit with disseminated iron ore. The portion of the iron rich alluvium, characterized by low resistivity and chargeability of 32 Ωm to 734 Ωm and 0.403 msec to 3.400 msec are inferred as alluvium that is highly enrich with iron ore, while the portion that are respectively characterized by resistivity and chargeability values of 734 Ωm to 1418 Ωm and 1.90 msec to 6.40 msec are inferred as alluvium with disseminated iron ore. It can be concluded that the occurrence of iron ore deposit is probably more at northeast part of the survey area. The iron ore deposit strikes in the Northeast-Southwest direction.
An Integrated Boost-Sepic Higher Static Gain DC-DC Converter for Photovoltaic (PV) Based Micro-Grid Application
Authors: Isah H. , Sagagi Y.M. , Aliyu Y.
Published: February 2022

A new circuit topology is designed for a DC-DC converter. The proposed converter employs a single power switch which integrates a conventional boost with a single-ended primary inductor converter (SEPIC) for photovoltaic (PV) panels. A prototype is developed and implemented for 105 V DC output from 9 V DC input. The performance of the proposed topology was validated using theoretical and practical verification. The results indicated a higher voltage gain of 11.67, low duty-cycle of 0.82 and reduced voltage stress across the components of about 54 V. The circuit can be used for PV panels and other renewable energy resources that require a DC-DC voltage step-up conversion ratio.