bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complex-Network-Based Cyber-Physical Production Systems Subject to Cascading Failures
Authors: Liu Sichao , Wang Lihui , Wang Xi Vincent , Wiktorsson Magnus
Published: December 2020

The manufacturing industry is facing multi-dimensional, ever-growing challenges ranging from the lack of real-time manufacturing resource data, the inability of catching production exceptions, to the occurrence of cascading failures. This paper proposes a network-based cyber-physical production system to model, diagnose and control complex production systems subject to cascading failures. The goal is to study and characterise the evolution of cascading failure mechanisms and further mitigate the vulnerability of the manufacturing system. This is achieved through the deployment and synergistic integration of the Internet of technology with the reliability importance theory. The paper contributes to the network reliability theory and applications by proposing new importance measures and strategies to support the operation of cyber-physical production systems.
The Effect of Grain Size on the Susceptibility Towards Strain Age Cracking of Wrought Haynes® 282®
Authors: Hanning Fabian , Singh Gurdit , Andersson Joel
Published: December 2020

The effect of grain size on the suceptibility towards strain age cracking (SAC) has been investigated for Haynes® 282® in the tempeature range of 750 to 950∘C after isothermal exposure up to 1800s. Grain growth was induced by heat treating the material at 1150∘C for 2h, resulting in a fourfold increase in grain size. Hardness was significanlty reduced after heat treatment as compared to mill-annealed material. Large grain size resulted in intergranular fracture over a wider temperature range than small grain size material. Ductility was lowest at 850∘C, while lower values were observed to be correlated to increased grain size. The rapid formation of grain boundary carbide networks in Haynes® 282® is found to be not able to compensate for higher local stresses on grain boundaries due to incresed grain size.
Evolution of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of cBN-Based Cutting Tools With Silicides Compounds as Binder Phase
Authors: Slipchenko Kateryna , Stratiichuk Denys , Belyavina Nadezhda , Turkevich Vladimir , Bushlya Volodymyr , Ståhl Jan-Eric
Published: December 2020

Silicide based compounds are widely used for coatings due to their high melting temperature, oxidation resistance and moderate density. Employment of binders based on silicides of transitional metals can provide cBN-based cutting tools with higher chemical stability and better performance. The relationship between phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of novel polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) materials were investigated. Three series of PcBN samples were made by high pressure high temperature (HPHT) sintering. Silicides of chromium – CrSi2, vanadium – VSi2 and molybdenum MoSi2 were used as a binder phase in each case, while aluminum was introduced to the mixture as an oxygen getter. During HPHT sintering at temperatures above 1850 ∘C the formation of borides of binder phase were observed in cases with VSi2 and MoSi2. For system with CrSi2 binder, temperature of boride formation was found to be lower – 1600 ∘C. Materials with MoSi2 binder phase demonstrated the highest level of microhardness. Performance of materials were investigated in conditions of machining of stainless steel AISI 316L and Inconel 718.
Value Chains vs. Ecosystems: Current Perspectives Among Swedish SMEs Entering the Interconnected World of IoT
Authors: Centerholt Victor , Kjidderö Frida , Saarikko Ted , Grahn Sten
Published: December 2020

Smart connected industrial products and the Internet of Things (IoT) are transforming the industrial business landscape in a radical way. To reach the full potential of IoT-technologies manufacturing firms are forced to rethink almost every aspect of their value creation process. To utilize this promising digital technology and to cope with the new market conditions of IoT environments, research shows that industrial firms have to make a fundamental shift in value creation logic and break free from the value chain perspective of business. Instead they have to embrace a view where value is co-created within ecosystems in both a vertical and a horizontal manner. By exploring the value creation logic of small and medium sized (SME) Swedish industrial machinery manufacturers, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how manufacturing firms view their value creation processes and how aligned this logic is to the latest research in IoT. The study found that Swedish industrial machine manufacturers do understand the transformative force of IoT-technologies and see great business opportunities to utilize IoT in their business. The study, however, identified a lack of co-creation and difficulties in embracing an ecosystem perspective. While quick to embrace change on a technical level, respondents still adhere to a firm-centric and linear perspective of value creation, with a strong attachment to the value chain concept. The study suggests that it is not a lack of technical proficiency or engineering know-how, but rather an adherence to goods-dominant logic and attachment to the value chain concept that prevent Swedish SME manufacturers from fully embracing the growing market of industrial IoT. Hence, we see an urgent need for both practitioners and academia to shift their attention from the dazzling potential of cutting-edge technologies to the nitty-gritty business of incorporating co-creation and ecosystem-thinking into current business practices.
Revealing the Content of Industry 4.0: A Review of Literature
Authors: Vestin Alexander , Säfsten Kristina , Löfving Malin
Published: December 2020

A fourth industrial revolution is prophesied, and there is a potential for the industrialized world to proactively adapt suitable practices. Despite the large interest from both industry and academia, a drawback with the vast literature on initiatives that tap into the fourth industrial revolution, Industry 4.0 and alike, is the fuzziness when it comes to terminology and content. The terms are mixed up, and sometimes used interchangeable and the constituent parts are not fully described. The purpose of this paper is to present the content of initiatives related to the fourth industrial revolution in a structured manner. This is expected to support understanding for the content of the fourth industrial revolution and thereby facilitate the transformation. The results presented in this paper is based on a traditional literature review. In total 13 relevant review papers were identified. The identified papers were analyzed, and a framework was developed including technologies and design principles. In total, eleven technologies and twelve design principles were identified for Industry 4.0. The most frequently occurring technologies were Cyber physical systems, Internet of Things, and Big data. The most frequently occurring design principles were Smart factory, Service orientation and Sustainability and resource efficiency. A categorization of the content into technologies and design principles clarify and structures the content of Industry 4.0. The developed framework can support academics in identifying, describing, and selecting Industry 4.0 scenarios for further investigations. For practitioners, the framework can give a basic understanding and some guidance in their implementation journey of Industry 4.0.
Criteria Considered in a Manufacturing Reshoring Decision – A Multiple Case Study
Authors: Sequeira Movin , Hilletofth Per , Eriksson David
Published: December 2020

The manufacturing reshoring phenomenon has received more attention in the academic and business literature in recent years. Due to the newness of the phenomenon, there is a lack of knowledge about how these decisions were made. This research provides a theoretical framework by reviewing literature on possible criteria that are considered in a manufacturing reshoring decision. The criteria are categorized into six categories including competitive priority, resource, strategy, context, preference and global condition. A multiple case study methodology is used to identify the criteria and compare them with the theoretical framework. The findings indicate that total cost is the most common criteria considered and each case company has followed its own cost analysis techniques. Other criteria considered by all case companies were inventory cost, transportation cost, switching cost, delivery lead times, proximity to customer and availability of manufacturing technology. The research concludes that manufacturing reshoring is a holistic decision with criteria occurring at all categories in the theoretical framework. This contributes to the knowledge of reshoring decision-making and suggests that future research should investigate decision support tools for such decisions.
Manufacturing of High Pressure Die Casting Die Inserts Using SLM
Authors: Stolt Roland , Jarfors Anders E.W.
Published: December 2020

Dies for high pressure die casting are normally manufactured by machining of slabs of tool steel to the required dimensions. This manufacturing requires several steps such as rough machining, heat-treatment, EDM (electro discharge machining) and polishing. With the AM (additive manufacturing) method SLM (Selective Laser Melting) it has become possible to print the dies fully or in part. Several advantages are expected, such as a better thermal distribution in the die in service and thereby extended die life and better component quality. This is due to the possibility of making the cooling channels conformal. There are also expectations of reduced time and cost in the manufacturing process due to fewer manufacturing steps and better material utilisation. Hopes are to print a net shape or near net shape that can be used directly as a die component. In this paper it is investigated to what extent this can be fulfilled by printing two die inserts to be used for casting fatigue test samples of aluminium. They were printed on a 3D Systems ProX DMP 300 in maraging steel powder. The result is that it is possible to obtain a sufficiently smooth surface die surface. However, the current design with an SLM insert fitted in a machined die makes extensive post printing manufacturing necessary.
Effects and mechanism of arachidonic acid against TNF-α induced apoptosis of endothelial cells
Authors: Chen Ji-Xiong , Huang Xiao-Yan , Wang Ping , Lin Wen-Ting , Xu Wen-Xing , Zeng Min
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to investigate the effects of arachidonic acid metabolite epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EETs) in the apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). After human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured, TNF-α/ActD, 14, 15-EET, and HMR-1098 were added, respectively, into the culture medium. The apoptosis level of endothelial cells was detected by flow cytometry. After TNF-α/ActD induced endothelial cell apoptosis, flow cytometry staining showed that endothelial cell apoptosis increased significantly, and the apoptotic cells were significantly reduced after the addition of 14, 15-EET. However, the apoptotic cells significantly increased after the addition of HMR-1098. Western Blot results showed that the phosphorylation levels of LC3-II and AMPK were increased after TNF-α/ActD induction, and the increase was noticeable after the addition of 14, 15-EET. However, the phosphorylation levels of LC3-II and AMPK significantly decreased after the addition of HMR-1098. The activity of Caspase-8 and -9 decreased significantly after the addition of 14, 15-EET but increased after the addition of HMR-1098. Arachidonic acid can inhibit TNF-α induced endothelial cell apoptosis by upregulating autophagy.
The influence of different rewetting procedures on the thrombogenicity of nanoporous poly(ether imide) microparticles
Authors: Braune S. , Bäckemo J. , Lau S. , Heuchel M. , Kratz K. , Jung F. , Reinthaler M. , Lendlein A.
Published: December 2020

Nanoporous microparticles prepared from poly(ether imide) (PEI) are discussed as candidate adsorber materials for the removal of uremic toxins during apheresis. Polymers exhibiting such porosity can induce the formation of micro-gas/air pockets when exposed to fluids. Such air presenting material surfaces are reported to induce platelet activation and thrombus formation. Physical or chemical treatments prior to implantation are discussed to reduce the formation of such gas nuclei. Here, we report about the influence of different rewetting procedures – as chemical treatments with solvents – on the thrombogenicity of hydrophobic PEI microparticles and PEI microparticles hydrophilized by covalent attachment of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) of two different chain lengths. Autoclaved dry PEI particles of all types with a diameter range of 200 – 250 μm and a porosity of about 84% ±2% were either rewetted directly with phosphate buffered saline (24 h) or after immersion in an ethanol-series. Thrombogenicity of the particles was studied in vitro upon contact with human sodium citrated whole blood for 60 min at 5 rpm vertical rotation. Numbers of non-adherent platelets were quantified, and adhesion of blood cells was qualitatively analyzed by bright field microscopy. Platelet activation (percentage of CD62P positive platelets and amounts of soluble P-Selectin) and platelet function (PFA100 closure times) were analysed. Retention of blood platelets on the particles was similar for all particle types and both rewetting procedures. Non-adherent platelets were less activated after contact with ethanol-treated particles of all types compared to those rewetted with phosphate buffered saline as assessed by a reduced number of CD62P-positive platelets and reduced amounts of secreted P-Selectin (P < 0.05 each). Interestingly, the hydrophilic surfaces significantly increased the number of activated platelets compared to hydrophobic PEI regardless of the rewetting agent. This suggests that, apart from wettability, other material properties might be more important to regulate platelet activation. PFA100 closure times were reduced and within the reference ranges in the ethanol group, however, significantly increased in the saline group. No substantial difference was detected between the tested surface modifications. In summary, rewetting with ethanol resulted in a reduced thrombogenicity of all studied microparticles regardless of their wettability, most likely resulting from the evacuation of air from the nanoporous particles.
Improved machine learning classifiers combined with a stochastic local search for Web services classification
Authors: Laachemi Abdelouahab , Boughaci Dalila
Published: December 2020

The Web services classification is the process that automatically assigns a category from a list of predefined categories to the Web service described as a WSDL document and where the purpose is to improve the Web services discovery process speed. The aim of this paper is to propose an optimization approach based on the attributes selection of Web services descriptions, to automatically classify Web services found in UDDI registers in predefined categories. The proposed approach combines the meta-heuristic of Stochastic Local Search (SLS) with a supervised learning method. The purpose of this work is to optimize the classification rate of the classifier by choosing the relevant attributes that best represents the Web service. First, we propose a classification method that uses a stochastic local search (SLS) for the attributes selection, then, in a second phase, the approach calls for a supervised classification method to perform the classification task. To this end, we studied six well-known classifiers which are: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes (NB), k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Bayesian Network (BN), Random Tree (RT), and Random Forests (RF). The six hybrid methods which are: SVM+SLS, NB+SLS, k-NN+SLS, BN+SLS, RT+SLS, and RF+SLS are evaluated on seven real datasets. The results are interesting and demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approaches for Web service classification.
Design of search and rescue system using autonomous Multi-UAVs
Authors: Choutri Kheireddine , Mohand Lagha , Dala Laurent
Published: December 2020

Over the last several decades advancement in UAV technology has formed an important part of recent research. Nowadays, these flying robots are a great aid and even replace humans in many types of critical activities such as surveillance, fire protection, search & rescue (SAR), etc. In this paper, we study the design of SAR system using autonomous quadrotors UAVs. The developed system attempts to maximize the probability of target detection and minimize the expected search time while also minimizing the number of UAVs required. It is also adapted to counter UAV failures by re-configuring the UAVs to optimally continue the mission. Furthermore the SAR system algorithms are designed to accomplish the mission with a minimum amount of control information to be passed between UAVs. Finally a case study of survivor search and rescue operations is provided along with the obtained results which confirm the efficiency of the designed system.
Clustering electricity market participants via FRM models
Authors: Gülcü Ayla , Çalişkan Sedrettin
Published: December 2020

Collateral mechanism in the Electricity Market ensures the payments are executed on a timely manner; thus maintains the continuous cash flow. In order to value collaterals, Takasbank, the authorized central settlement bank, creates segments of the market participants by considering their short-term and long-term debt/credit information arising from all market activities. In this study, the data regarding participants’ daily and monthly debt payment and penalty behaviors is analyzed with the aim of discovering high-risk participants that fail to clear their debts on-time frequently. Different clustering techniques along with different distance metrics are considered to obtain the best clustering. Moreover, data preprocessing techniques along with Recency, Frequency, Monetary Value (RFM) scoring have been used to determine the best representation of the data. The results show that Agglomerative Clustering with cosine distance achieves the best separated clustering when the non-normalized dataset is used; this is also acknowledged by a domain expert.
APOE4 Copy Number-Dependent Proteomic Changes in the Cerebrospinal Fluid1
Authors: Berger Miles ,   and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Cooter Mary , Roesler Alexander S. , Chung Stacey , Park John , Modliszewski Jennifer L. , VanDusen Keith W. , Thompson J. Will , Moseley Arthur , Devinney Michael J. , Smani Shayan , Hall Ashley , Cai Victor , Browndyke Jeffrey N. , Lutz Michael W. , Corcoran David L.
Published: December 2020

Background: APOE4 has been hypothesized to increase Alzheimer’s disease risk by increasing neuroinflammation, though the specific neuroinflammatory pathways involved are unclear. Objective: Characterize cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomic changes related to APOE4 copy number. Methods: We analyzed targeted proteomic data from ADNI CSF samples using a linear regression model adjusting for age, sex, and APOE4 copy number, and additional linear models also adjusting for AD clinical status or for CSF Aβ, tau, or p-tau levels. False discovery rate was used to correct for multiple comparisons correction. Results: Increasing APOE4 copy number was associated with a significant decrease in a CRP peptide level across all five models (q < 0.05 for each), and with significant increases in ALDOA, CH3L1 (YKL-40), and FABPH peptide levels (q < 0.05 for each) except when controlling for AD clinical status or neurodegeneration biomarkers (i.e., CSF tau or p-tau). In all models except the one controlling for CSF Aβ levels, though not statistically significant, there was a consistent inverse direction of association between APOE4 copy number and the levels of all 24 peptides from all 8 different complement proteins measured. The odds of this happening by chance for 24 unrelated peptides would be less than 1 in 16 million. Conclusion: Increasing APOE4 copy number was associated with decreased CSF CRP levels across all models, and increased CSF ALDOA, CH3L1, and FABH levels when controlling for CSF Aβ levels. Increased APOE4 copy number may also be associated with decreased CSF complement pathway protein levels, a hypothesis for investigation in future studies.
Racial Differences in Alzheimer’s Disease Specialist Encounters Are Associated with Usage of Molecular Imaging and Dementia Medications: An Enterprise-Wide Analysis Using i2b2
Authors: Murchison Charles F. , Kennedy Richard E. , McConathy Jonathan E. , Roberson Erik D.
Published: December 2020

Background: African Americans are at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but barriers to optimal clinical care are unclear. Objective: To comprehensively evaluate potential racial differences in the diagnosis and treatment of AD in an academic medical center. Methods: We used the clinical informatics tool, i2b2, to analyze all patient encounters for AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the University of Alabama at Birmingham Health System over a three-year period, examining neuroimaging rates and dementia-related medication use by race and clinic site using ratio tests on contingency tables of stratified patient counts. Results: Enterprise-wide, African Americans were not underrepresented among outpatients seen for AD/MCI. However, there were differences in the clinic setting where visits occurred, with African Americans overrepresented in Geriatrics and primary care clinics and underrepresented in Memory Disorders specialty clinics. There were no racial differences in the rates at which any clinic ordered PET neuroimaging tests or dementia-related medications. However, unsurprisingly, specialty clinics ordered both PET neuroimaging and dementia-related medications at a higher rate than primary care clinics, and overall across the medical enterprise, African Americans were statistically less likely to have PET neuroimaging or dementia-related medications ordered. Conclusion: African Americans with AD/MCI were not underrepresented at this academic medical center but were somewhat less likely to have PET neuroimaging or to be on dementia-related medications, potentially in part from underrepresentation in the specialty clinics where these orders are more likely. The reasons for this underrepresentation in specialty clinics are likely multifactorial and important to better understand.
Primary Prevention of Dementia: An Ethical Review
Authors: Horstkötter Dorothee , Deckers Kay , Köhler Sebastian
Published: December 2020

Dementia poses important medical and societal challenges, and of all health risks people face in life, dementia is one of the most feared. Recent research indicates that up to about 40% of all cases of dementia might be preventable. A series of environmental, social, and medical risk-factors have been identified that should be targeted from midlife onwards when people are still cognitively healthy. At first glance, this seems not merely advisable, but even imperative. However, these new developments trigger a series of new ethical questions and concerns which have hardly been addressed to date. Pro-active ethical reflection, however, is crucial to ensure that the interests and well-being of those affected, ultimately all of us, are adequately respected. This is the goal of the current contribution. Against the background of a concrete case in primary dementia prevention, it provides a systematic overview of the current ethical literature and sketches an ethical research agenda. First, possible benefits of increased well-being must be balanced with the burdens of being engaged in particularly long-term interventions for which it is unclear whether they will ever pay out on a personal level. Second, while knowledge about one’s options to maintain brain health might empower people, it might also undermine autonomy, put high social pressure on people, medicalize healthy adults, and stigmatize those who still develop dementia. Third, while synergistic effects might occur, the ideals of dementia prevention might also conflict with other health and non-health related values people hold in life.
A study of detection of internal defects in CFRP using different modes of planar laser
Authors: Wang Qiang , Hu Qiuping , Qiu Jinxing , Pei Cuixiang , Zhou Hongbin , Li Xinyi
Published: December 2020

The detection for internal defects of the practical aviation carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) using different modes of laser was discussed in this paper. The results show that the effect of the laser with long pulsed wave heating mode is the best, and then sawtooth wave mode is followed by sine wave mode. Besides, the valid image processing method plays a significant role in improving the effect of differential laser infrared thermography. Compared with the detection results of thermal lamp thermography, the effect of differential laser thermography is better. There are two main advantages of using a planar laser to heat the aviation carbon fiber composites: (1) the detection speed is so fast, which only takes a few seconds to complete the whole detection process; (2) laser method is more flexible than thermal lamp thermography because of the range detected can be adjusted according to the aim of experiments.
Nonlinear dynamic characteristics and control of Galfenol-Shape Memory Alloy composite plate subjected to stochastic excitation
Authors: Li Xiao-Huan , Liu Fang , Xu Jia , Zhu Zhi-Wen
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic characteristics and control of a Galfenol-shape memory alloy (SMA) composite plate under stochastic excitation are studied. New nonlinear differential terms are applied in the constitutive modeling of Galfenol alloy and SMA, and the nonlinear dynamic model of the composite system is developed. The drift coefficient and the diffusion coefficient are calculated to obtain the steady-state probability density function of the system, and finally the optimal control strategy is proposed to improve the effects of vibration reduction. Numerical simulation and experiments results show that the system has abundant nonlinear dynamic characteristics, including stochastic Hopf bifurcation and limit cycle bifurcation. The stochastic optimal control strategy can improve the effects of vibration reduction efficiently. These results are helpful for the application of Galfenol-SMA composite structures.
Does Gut Microbiota Influence the Course of Parkinson’s Disease? A 3-Year Prospective Exploratory Study in de novo Patients
Authors: Cilia Roberto , Piatti Marco , Cereda Emanuele , Bolliri Carlotta , Caronni Serena , Ferri Valentina , Cassani Erica , Bonvegna Salvatore , Ferrarese Carlo , Zecchinelli Anna L. , Barichella Michela , Pezzoli Gianni
Published: December 2020

Background: Although abnormalities in gut microbiota are hypothesized to influence the pathogenesis and clinical phenotype of Parkinson’s disease (PD), prospective studies on de novo patients are lacking. Objective: To preliminarily investigate whether gut microbiota in early untreated PD may predict motor and non-motor features progression over a 3-year period. Methods: 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons were sequenced on fecal samples of 39 de novo PD patients. Multiple confounders were taken into account, including dietary habits. Motor and non-motor symptoms were assessed using validated scales at baseline and followed-up yearly for 3 years. At last follow-up, a detailed neuropsychological assessment was additionally performed. A general linear model for repeated measurements— adjusted by dopaminergic therapy at follow-up— was used to investigate the relationship between bacterial taxa abundance at baseline (stratified by the median of distribution at baseline) and outcome variables. Results: Twenty-five patients were included (11 refused, 2 lost at follow-up, 1 died). Lower abundance of Roseburia (Firmicutes phylum) at baseline was associated with worse evolution of motor, non-motor and cognitive functions at 3-year follow-up. Similarly, lower abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Actinobacteria at baseline was associated with faster worsening of global cognitive functions. At follow-up, frontal lobe functions were the features most robustly associated with baseline microbial abnormalities. Conclusion: In the present exploratory study on de novo PD, we found an association between abnormal distribution of specific bacterial taxa and the progression of motor and non-motor features over a 3-year period. This proof-of-principle study supports the design of a larger observational study aiming to determine whether these differences survive multiple-comparison correction and define microbiota-specific subgroups suitable for therapeutic targeting.
Reframing workplace inclusion through the lens of universal design: Considerations for vocational rehabilitation professionals in the wake of COVID-19
Authors: Sheppard-Jones Kathleen , Goldstein Penina , Leslie Mykal , Singleton Patti , Gooden Caroline , Rumrill Phillip , Mullis Lindsey , Espinosa Bard Christina
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: The experience of disability and of how work is conducted in the American economy is undergoing new shifts in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This unique space in time provides an opportunity to re-examine the importance of universal design (UD) as a way to respond to a workforce that is growing more diverse and living longer with disabilities. UD is a set of strategies that creates places and resources that are accessible to all and considers the needs and wants of people from the outset. Through the use of UD, work environments can be more accessible and useable to all employees. OBJECTIVE: This article describes the changes in the experience of disability within the context of COVID-19 and defines UD and UD for learning principles. We then consider how UD reduces stigma and reduces the need for individual accommodations while promoting inclusivity and improving productivity in the workplace. CONCLUSION: We offer strategies for embedding UD into vocational rehabilitation from pre-professional training to practice, all with a new sense of urgency and opportunity that is present as a result of COVID-19.
Biomarkers as point of care tests (POCT) in neonatal sepsis: A state of science review
Authors: Taneja R. , Batra P.
Published: December 2020

Lack of a standard definition of neonatal sepsis and a swift diagnostic method has proven detrimental in the management of this serious condition. Biomarkers have emerged as a beacon that might help us detect neonatal sepsis more effectively. The use of point-of-care biomarkers can aid in early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment. Procalcitonin, presepsin, interleukin-6, highly specific C-reactive protein, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin have been proven to aid in early diagnosis and timely initiation of treatment, thereby reducing sepsis-induced morbidity and mortality. These biomarkers have been found to be useful in reducing the duration of hospital stay and monitoring the response to therapy. When used in combination with each other, or with clinical scores, they have been proven to be advantageous over the gold standard by eliminating the waiting time for blood culture results. The use of biomarkers as a point of care investigation holds a future over the traditional method. We present a state of science review of literature summarizing the current status of these biomarkers in neonatal sepsis.
Introduction to the special issue on comfort: A review of 26 papers from the International Comfort Congress 2019
Authors: Vink Peter , Frohriep Susanne , Mansfield Neil , Naddeo Alessandro , Jacobs Karen
Published: December 2020

Various aspects related to comfort are described in this special issue. Some papers are focused on the environment, like smell, temperature, light, acoustics, space and some on an artefact touching the human, like the floor angle, the seat, a bed and light. However, in this special issue also topics like modelling and behavior get more attention.
Designing a floor plan using aircraft seat comfort knowledge by aircraft interior experts
Authors: Anjani Shabila , Song Yu , Vink Peter
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Recent research indicated that an 18′′ ×30′′ aircraft seat resulted in nearly the same level of comfort as a 17′′ ×34′′ seat. However, it took less space in the floor plan.

OBJECTIVES:

This study explores seat layouts preferred by experts regarding different criteria. Those results of the experts are later compared to layouts produced by computational algorithms to evaluate the advantages of each method.

METHODS:

Eighty-eight experts in the field of aircraft interior were invited to make a floor plan of a part of a Boeing 777 aircraft where comfort was one of the main goals. Participants worked in groups of 3 and are given the freedom to design a section of the cabin between economy and first-class (5.87 m wide and 3.7 m long), where besides these two types of seats, an old business-class size seat of 20′′ ×36′′ was introduced as well for more flexibilities in design. Computational algorithms were also applied with the same inputs and constraints to generate layouts as a comparison.

RESULTS:

In total, 29 floor-plans were made, and these plans were analysed to compare against the complexity of the operations, the number of passengers on board, the revenue of the airline, and the width of the aisle. Results showed that 14 groups opted for the economy seats, while the rest utilized a hybrid setup where the business class seats were used in the configuration. These results are compared to the 126 computerized layouts generated.

CONCLUSIONS:

Among all layouts designed by experts, a combination of 28 18′′ ×30′′ seats and 20 17′′ ×34′′ seats had the highest potential revenue of US$21,984. This floor plan fits the regulations with an aisle width of 0.93 m. The computerized layout had a better outcome in maximizing profit of US$22,416 with 32 18′′ ×30′′ seats and 16 20′′ ×36′′ seats. However, the comfort of such results was to be explored as some seats were rotated 90 degrees.
Seat pitch and comfort of a staggered seat configuration
Authors: Liu Zhihui , Rotte T. , Anjani S. , Vink P.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Staggered seats are a solution for the Flying-V aircraft, where the cabin’s longitudinal axis has a 26 degrees angle with respect to the direction of flight, to compensate for an otherwise oblique sitting position. However, little is known on acceptable pitches in this staggered configuration.

OBJECTIVE:

The goal of this research is to evaluate the comfort of different pitches for seats that are staggered relative to the cabin’s longitudinal axis.

METHODS:

Two rows of staggered seats are positioned at three different pitches (27, 29 and 31 inches). 53 participants were seated in each setup. For each, a questionnaire was completed including questions on comfort and discomfort, top view photos were taken to analyse postures and physical dimensions were recorded to define passengers’ space.

RESULTS:

Comfort as well as discomfort were significantly different for the three setups. The comfort at 27 inches was seen as unacceptably low. The 29 and 31-inch configurations showed to result in acceptable levels of comfort, comparable to higher-end seating layouts. There were very little complaints about space in lateral direction (elbow and seat width), showing the advantage of having your won armrest and shoulder space in the staggered configuration. Interesting was that at larger pitches more complaints were found for the seat characteristics, probably in the shorter pitch the other discomfort was overruling this.

CONCLUSION:

The 26-degree staggered configuration offers improvements in shoulder- and elbow-space. The results for the 29- and 31-inch are expected to allow enough design freedom for further exploration of such a configuration for the Flying-V cabin interior.
A multifactorial approach to specify comfortable rail seats
Authors: Smith Jordan , Phillips Stephen , Bowler Nic , Conway Harry , Caglar Levent
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

A robust rail seat comfort assessment can inform the GB rail industry when procuring new seats and identify areas for comfort improvement in the refurbishment of existing seats, improving the customer experience.

OBJECTIVE:

To take a multifactorial approach to measuring comfort and to create a robust seat comfort assessment method for the GB rail industry.

METHODS:

Seat comfort assessment scores were developed by identifying seat dimensions (e.g. Seat height, seat width, seat depth), seat pad thickness and hardness requirements, seat accessories and seat attractiveness components. Scores for each seat feature were verified by conducting a fitting trial and asking 7 participants to rank dimensions through a range of adjustment. The combined scoring of features was verified by asking 14 participants to rank seats in three configurations (minimum comfort). The seat comfort dimensions scores were then validated by ranking seven existing rail seats using the assessment method and comparing the ranks with subjective comfort ranks of 12 participants.

RESULTS:

The validation testing resulted in a moderate positive correlation, indicating an alignment between the seat comfort assessment method and subjective comfort scores.

CONCLUSIONS:

A multifactorial seat comfort assessment has been shown to be a good indicator of passenger seat comfort.
Gerakan Budidaya Tanaman Obat Keluarga sebagai Kepedulian Masyarakat Menuju Desa Sehat di Desa Semen Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Sucipto Sucipto , Sulistiyowati Tutut Indah , Utami Budhi , Qamaria Rezki Suci
Published: December 2020

Pengobatan tradisional masih menjadi primadona bagi masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya masyarakat yang ada di desa Semen, kecamatan Semen Utara, kabupaten Kediri. Namun, masyarakat selama ini masih membeli bahan-bahan obat tradisional di pasar. Padahal desa tersebut memiliki potensi untuk melakukan budidaya tanaman obat keluarga seperti tanaman jahe, sereh, kunyit, temulawak, dan kencur. Lahan pemukiman di desa Semen mencapai sekitar seperempat luas total lahan (48,81 Ha) yang memberi peluang gerakan budidaya tanaman obat keluarga dapat dilakukan di halaman atau pekarangan rumah warga. Oleh karena itu, tim pengabdian berinisiatif membuat program Gerakan Budidaya Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) dengan tujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan keterampilan ke masyarakat desa terkait pemanfaatan tanaman obat, cara budidaya tanaman obat, dan cara mengolah tanaman obat untuk dikomsumsi. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah mengajak warga setempat untuk bersama-sama membuat lahan di depan rumah masing-masing dan menanam beberapa jenis tanaman obat. Selanjutnya, warga setempat diberikan sosialisasi terkait manfaat dan praktik langsung cara mengolah tanaman obat tersebut. Alhasil, gerakan menanam obat keluarga ini mampu mengubah kesadaran, keterampilan, dan perilaku gaya hidup sehat masyarakat di desa Semen.
Pemberdayaan Wanita Tani Melalui Pengolahan Labu Kuning Menjadi Dodol Dan Roti Kasur Di Kecamatan Anggaberi
Authors: Saleh Leni , Saranani Milawati , Sarbiyah Sarty , Ati Hasni
Published: December 2020

Peserta  dalam kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat yang tergolong dalam Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Kartini Mandiri yang berada di Kelurahan Parauna Kecamatan Anggaberi Kabupaten Konawe. Berdasarkan tujuan dari kegiatan pelatihan pengolahan komoditas labu kuning yaitu memperkenalkan dan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan tambahan kepada masyarakat tentang teknologi pengolahan labu kuning menjadi dodol labu kuning  dan roti kasur sehingga masyarakat dapat mengembangkan industri rumah tangga dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomis dari labu kuning dengan memberikan penyuluhan  tentang manfaat dari labu kuning disertai dengan pelatihan dan praktek membuat dodol dan roti kasur dari labu kuning. Pengolahan dodol dan roti kasur dengan aneka variasi isian merupakan inovasi baru di Kelurahan Parauna. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan seluruh kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini tentunya mempunyai manfaat yang cukup baik bagi masyarakat pada umumnya dan pelaku industri rumah tangga khususnya.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Konstitusi Bagi Guru-Guru Di SMP Negeri 77 Jakarta
Authors: Muda Iskandar , Hardian Frengki , Sulhan Sulhan
Published: December 2020

Segala kegiatan di SMP Negeri 77 Jakarta yang berlokasi di Jl. Cempaka Putih Tengah XVII, RT. 2/RW. 8, Kelurahan Cempaka Putih Timur, Kecamatan Cempaka Putih, Kota Jakarta Pusat-Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta adalah kegiatan yang merupakan bagian dalam konteks bernegara, dimana dalam konteks bernegara rujukan utamanya adalah konstitusi. Oleh karena itu penulis tergerak bertanggung jawab secara keilmuwan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman terhadap UUD Tahun 1945 sebagai konstitusi Indonesia bagi Guru-guru di SMP tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode participatory action, yaitu dengan cara orasi, dialog dan pendidikan. Hasil dari pre-test dan post-test secara menyeluruh tanpa mengklasifikasikan pertanyaannya ternyata terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan.
The “rise” of China in the early years of the twenty-first century and its impacts on Viet Nam
Authors: Binh Nguyen Tuan
Published: December 2020

The "rise'' of China is the most mentioned phrase in nearly the first two decades of the 21st century. The emergence of China in many fields (politics - diplomacy, economy, military security, etc.) is considered a prominent phenomenon which attracts the attention of Asian countries and of the whole world. In addition, this "rise'' has a strong influence on the development of the world, changing the distribution of global power. As a close neighbor and having many similarities with China, Vietnam bears significant impacts caused by the "rise'' of this Asian power. In the process of developing the country, Vietnam has favorable conditions to receive favorable factors and inevitably faces the challenges from China's "rise'' in many aspects. It can be affirmed that, from the strong development of China today, the relationship between China and Vietnam is an "asymmetric relationship''. The asymmetry in China - Vietnam relationship takes place in almost all major areas of cooperation, including politics, economy and military security. Within the scope of this article, the author mainly focuses on analyzing the basic issues surrounding China's "rise''; some of the major impacts of this issue are on security and development of Vietnam in recent years.
Fragmentation and Isolation---On the Narrative Analysis of Joan Didion’s On Going Home
Authors: Wang YuanYuan , Pang Haonong
Published: December 2020

In On Going Home, Joan Didion demonstrates her deep concern and melancholy towards the 1960s’ American society and describes a fragmented and isolated mental landscape of that time. She skillfully employs the narrative skills which include the collage, the foregrounding language, the confusion of tenses and repetition. In this way, the theme hidden in the essay is portrayed and resonate with the contemporary readers.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER YANG TERINTEGRASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN EKONOMI DI MAN 9 JOMBANG
Authors: Dinaloni Diah , Amri Fahimul , Kurniati Ira
Published: December 2020

Proses integrasi pendidikan karakter pada mata pelajaran ekonomi dilaksanakan mulai dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. MAN 9 Jombang merupakan salah satu sekolah yang mengutamakan menekankan pada nilai-nilai karakter pada peserta didik. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat faktor penghambat, misalnya penggunaan waktu yang sangat terbatas untuk mengawasi kegiatan dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan karakter. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi   implementasi pendidikan karakter yang terintegrasi dalam pembelajaran ekonomi di MAN 9 Jombang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen. Uji keabsahan data yang digunakan berupa triangulasi dan member checking. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan:  Perencanaan dan pelaksanaan implementasi pendidikan karakter yang terintegrasi dalam pembelajaran ekonomi di MAN 9 Jombang sudah dilakukan secara baik, evaluasi implementasi pendidikan karakter yang terintegrasi dalam pembelajaran ekonomi di MAN 9 Jombang dalam ranah afektif belum cukup baik dilakukan oleh guru ekonomi. Hal ini dikarenakan guru kekurangan waktu mengembangkan semua nilai karakter yang dikembangkan dalam RPP, selain itu guru merasa kesulitan untuk menilai semua karakter peserta didik karena banyak peserta didik yang harus dinilai
Nadir Görülen Tuber Kalkanei Kırığı Kaynamama Sonrası Çift Düğme İmplant ile Revizyon Cerrahisi Olgu Sunumu
Authors: NUSRAN Gürdal , TAŞOVA Ali Osman , ÇIKRIKÇIOĞLU Görkem
Published: December 2020

Tuber kalkanei kopma kırıkları, genellikle indirekt travma sonrası oluşan ve nadir görülen kırıklardır. Osteoporoz ve diyabet, kırık gelişiminde risk faktörleridir. Bunlar, olası yara sorunları nedeniyle erken cerrahi girişim ile tedavi edilmesi gereken kırıklardır. Bu yazıda, kopma kırığı nedeni ile cerrahi tedavi uygulanan ve vida ile tespiti yapılan, takiplerinde osteoporoz, hasta uyumsuzluğu (erken yük verme), yara yeri problemleri nedeniyle sirküler alçı uygulanamaması gibi problemler nedeniyle erken dönemde implant yetmezliği ve kırık fragmanda redüksiyon kaybı gelişmesi üzerine çift düğme implantı ile revizyon cerrahisi yapılan bir olgu sunuldu.
The impacts of Acquisition on the Bidder’s Cash Flow Structure (The case of PT Central Sentosa Finance acquisition by PT Bank Central Asia)
Authors: Fitriningrun Andriati , Pulungan Andrey Hasiholan , Wijayanto Gilang Fajar
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Merger and Acquisition (M&A) wave on constructing the capital structure. The conflict of government policies to assist the Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is in conflict with the other regulation which requires banks to meet the minimum Net Performing Loan (NPIL). This situation encourages the emergence of M&A wave in Indonesia. Numbers of banks do M&A as the option to accommodate the government regulations. Using the case of PT Central Sentosa Finance (CSF) acquisition by PT Bank Central Asia (BCA), this study examines the M&A impacts on the bidder’s capital structure when the acquisition due to the wave and government policy. The quantitative method is used to examine the impact of M&A on the company’s capital structure focusing the 2014 acquisition. The study contributes to the accounting in the area of transparency and capital issues. The statistical results show that the potential policies conflict drives the company to prioritize the selection of funding.

 