bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Terrorism in Nigeria: Co-Integration and Causality Analysis of Macroeconomic Factors
Authors: Okon Emmanuel O.
Published: April 2020

This paper is a cointegration and causality analysis of macroeconomic factors and terrorism in Nigeria using time series data spanning between 1970 and 2016. The stochastic characteristics of each time series was examined using Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. The result reveals that LOG(GOVX), LOG(INTR), POLX, DLOG(GDPC) and DLOG(OPEN) were in line with the apriori expectation. With this development, some recommendations were made amongst which are that trade openness rate should be all time kept at peak benchmark by adopting tight trade openness while strategic macroeconomic policies should be instituted in order to encourage domestic private investment to enhance the growth of the economy. Nigerian political system has to be stabilized and the government should step up its intelligence gathering capacity as well as training security agents to forcefully combat terrorist group.
A Study on Evaluation of Capital Structure
Authors: Kusuma G.D.V.
Published: April 2020

Capital is the back bone of any organization. Everyone should utilize the capital in a proper way; otherwise their business will be washed away from the market. The present paper is an attempt to present the capital structure of My Home Industries Ltd. In this paper the researcher/s made an attempt to evaluate the capital structure by considering different elements like debt and equity.
The Executive Mechanism of Rastin Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) Banking
Authors: Bidabad Bijan , Allahyarifard Mahmoud
Published: April 2020

Despite the interest of bankers for using Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS)[1] banking for the last decades, it has not prevailed yet executively. The existence of different definitions of Riba, absence of appropriate operational, supervisory, and managing mechanism on PLS are some reasons that haven't allowed this kind of banking to be practiced yet. Here, we are going to introduce a practical method for Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) banking to overcome these problems. In this bank, the basis for determination of interest rate of loans is real economy return rate. The bank operates as an intermediary, who gets commission fee, collects saving resources and as an attorney or legal representative of the depositor, allocates them to investment projects, and supervises the detailed operation of the contractor. The yields of the investment will transfer to resources owners who are depositors whatever profit or losses.The PLS banking is a banking system with newly defined instruments of Mosharaka and Pazireh that not only stabilizes the financial and economic markets by preventing the banks, loanees /entrepreneurs and design, construction and contractor sectors in the economy from bankruptcy during crisis periods and volatile markets, but also makes the banks as an international firm which perform similar jobs as stock exchange markets for transactions of PLS products certificates through a secondary certificate market on virtual internet space. Depositors will earn more stabilized benefits too.In this designed method, a trustee (Amin) is a unit who supervise the contractor/entrepreneur operations on behalf of the bank for being honesty in carrying out the project, controlling on executive operations along with announced programs, resources allocation manner, and auditing financial statements.PLS banking will use new financial instruments and innovations such as Mosharaka (partnership) Certificates for projects with specific ends and Pazireh (Subscripted) Certificates for endless (productive) projects. Establishing of secondary exchange market for the transaction of certificates, and various insurance services will play important roles for activating and increasing the efficiency of newly established virtual markets.All of the activities in this method will be done on the basis of compiled instructions. The framework and the organization of the PLS banking have been analyzed in forms of required committees, units, and departments tailored for this type of Non-Usury Bank (NubankCo.) definition.

JEL:L86 ,L87 ,G21 ,G24

[1] - This invention has been protected by US patent law under the application number: US 12/588,188
Insurance Products in Rastin Profit and Loss Sharing Banking
Authors: Bidabad Bijan
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This paper aims to explain new insurance products and policies in Rastin Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) Banking. Rastin Banking is a full Islamic Banking System with all necessary parts for banking operations that can be installed in conventional and Islamic banks both. In this paper, we are going to explain the milestones of new insurance products and policies.

Design: Rastin Banking complies with the nature of the intermediary financial activity and has a new type of banking operations. The systems and instruments of this type of banking have different risk treatments, and new insurance policy and measures should be defined to cover the risks of the operations In order to fulfill this goal, appropriate insurance policies are described.

Findings: Some new insurance products are defined such as Certificate Insurance, Insurance of Market Value of Certificate, Responsibility/Engineering Insurance, Insurance of Accidents Concerning the Article of Sharing, Collateral Insurance, Loss Margin Insurance, Profit Margin Insurance, Merchandise Transportation Insurance, Production Equipment and Installations Insurance, Product Quality Insurance, Insurance of Commodity under Production, Inventory Insurance, Production Limited Loss Insurance, Transaction Limited Loss Insurance to handle Rastin Banking.

Research limitations: Many of these insurance policies are new and require more elaborations for further practical development and adjustment.

Practical implications: These insurance products can be used both in Rastin Banking operations as well as conventional business and finance arrangements. These insurance policies have no conflict with indisputable legal principles, and insurance companies can supply these insurance products based on their own actuary calculations.

Social implications: The introduced insurance policies actually change profit and loss sharing activity to just profit sharing.

Originality/value: Approach of this system and the designed insurance policies is entirely different and new.
Relationship between Profitability and Non-Performing Loan and A Comparative Financial Performance Analysis of Shari’ah Based Banks of Bangladesh
Authors: Akber S. M.
Published: April 2020

In Bangladesh's banking sector is considered as the nerve system of economic activities nowadays. Banks' performances are considered as the indicator of a country's economic forthcoming. Banks are considered as an influential factor in reducing poverty and unemployment problem because of their capacity to have a higher investment. But this promising sector is facing the challenge of raising the level of nonperforming loans in recent times. The basic objective of the study is to analyze and measure the impact of NPLs on the profitability of shari'a based banks of Bangladesh for the period of the last five (2014-2018) years. For this, it has worked with a sample of five selected Islami banks. Through excel, regression and ratio analysis was used to find the bank's comparative financial performance and identify the variable that affects the profitability of shari’ah based banks of Bangladesh.  The findings of this paper recommend that if the authority of the banks becomes more careful about these issues then the performance of the banking sector will be better than previous and it could have an even more significant contribution to the country's economy.
Impact of Microcredit on Living Standard of Dairy Entrepreneurs: Special Focus on Oddusuddan DS Division in Mullaitivu District
Authors: Balagobei Saseela , Aravinthakumar Sankeetha
Published: April 2020

Microcredit is part of micro finance, which provides a wider range of financial services for low income people. Micro credit serves as a vital role for Living standard of poor people in the developing countries as well as in Sri Lanka. In this Study Oddusuddan DS division in Mullaitivu district was selected as research area. After the 30 years conflict situation most people in the Oddusuddan area in Mullaitivu district are subordinate to the poverty line, because most of the displaced people who are female other than male staying here. Women lost their male relatives in struggle, and forced to take a responsibility of their family in order to look after their children, aged parents and their male relatives.  Micro credit helps the poor people particularly women in effective ways in order to create income generating activities.  The prime objective of this study is to investigate the impact of Microcredit on living standard of dairy entrepreneurs in Oddusuddan DS division in Mullaitivu District. In the rural areas of Mullaitivu, Oddusuddan Divisional Secretariat Divisions 100 dairy entrepreneurs were selected as the sample size of population. The selected entrepreneurs who have received loan from samurdhi bank for dairy farming activities in Oddusuddan DS Division. Primary data were used for gathering information and quantitative analysis was carried out to find out the results. In the quantitative analysis the correlation and regression methods were employed to examine the hypotheses by using SPSS. The result of this study concluded that there is a positive impact of samurdhi micro credit on living standard of dairy entrepreneurs in Oddusuddan DS Division. In addition to this, using micro credit facilities create more job opportunities and variety of economic activities and improve household education, income, saving and heath condition of the people. The study recommends that micro credit institution should consider improve the living standard of dairy entrepreneurs through increase the loan amount with lower interest rate.
Short-term Economic Indicators, Stock Market Indexes and Indian Oil and Gas Stocks Returns
Authors: Yelamanchili Rama Krishna
Published: April 2020

In this paper we examine the causal relationship between short term economic indicators, stock market indexes and oil and gas stocks returns. We postulate that economic indicators positively and significantly cause and predict stock market indexes and oil and gas stock returns in short run. In addition, we posit that stock market indexes cause and predict oil and gas stock returns in short run. To test our hypotheses we chose four short-term economic indicators, two stock market indexes, and 10 oil and gas companies. Our results indicate that there is no causal relationship between both short-term economic indicators and stock market indexes, and between short-term economic indicators and oil and gas stock returns. However, we receive support to one of our hypotheses that stock market indexes cause oil and gas stock returns. This causation is contemporaneous only and we observe that stock market indexes lack short-term predictive power of oil and gas stock returns. We conclude that investors need to be vigilant in considering coincident indicators as explanatory variables to predict stock returns. We suggest that stock market indexes are helpful to predict contemporaneous returns but not future returns of oil and gas stocks.

JEL Classification: B1, C32, D4, G2.
Understanding Cognitive Dissonance of Indian Customers for Financial Products: A Multi-Dimensional Scale Development Approach
Authors: Bolia Brajesh , Jha Sumi , Jha Manoj K
Published: April 2020

The aim of the study was to understand the dynamics of cognitive dissonance in the context of financial product purchase. A mixed methodology research approach was undertaken to explore the attitudinal and behavioural dimensions (qualitative) and subsequent empirical validation (quantitative) with a sample of customers of financial products. Qualitative research was conducted through focus group discussions to arrive at a pool of 99 items which were then pruned and validated with the help of academic and industry experts. The items were empirically tested and validated with the help of appropriate statistical tools to arrive at a “5 factor and 25 items” measurement scale for cognitive dissonance. The study found two factors “Emotional Gain” & “Financial Concern” as distinguishing factors emerging out as key findings. The arousal of cognitive dissonance after the purchase decision taken by consumer can be a major concern for marketers as it might result in order cancellations, loss of trust for the brand as well as loss of loyal customers. Measuring dissonance in financial product context post purchase can help marketers devise appropriate strategies to reduce dissonance, thereby retaining and attracting customers.
Corporate Governance Practices and Bank Performance: Evidence from Indian Banks
Authors: Bezawada Brahmaiah
Published: April 2020

The study examines the corporate governance practices and analyzes the role of the board characteristics (size of the board, the composition of the board, and functioning of the board) on the performance and asset quality of banks. We use a sample of 34 commercial banks consisting of 19 public sector banks and 15 private sector banks from 2009 to 2018 accounting for 93 percent of the total banking industry in India. The study finds that busy directors and the number of meetings have a positive significance on bank performance. The percentage of independent directors and the percentage of busy directors influence a significant negative relationship on the net non-performing assets ratio. The board size and number of meetings are associated negatively with Tobin's Q significantly and the percentage of busy directors is a significantly positive impact on Tobin's Q. The board size has a significantly negative impact on bank performance. The research findings provide some insights into corporate governance to the RBI for considering appropriate policy guidelines on corporate governance in the banking industry in India. The paper adds to the existing literature on corporate governance mechanisms and banking industry performance.
Credit Risk Management and Entrepreneurship Development in Nigeria: A Case Study of Small and Medium Scale Industries in Ondo State
Authors: Kayode Ogunyemi Joseph , Popoola Mufutau Akanmu , Adeyinka Adewole Joseph
Published: April 2020

The paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on credit risk management and entrepreneurship development in Nigeria with focus on small and medium scale industries in Ondo State. The objective of the study is to examine the effect of credit risk management on entrepreneurship development. The study adopted the use of descriptive statistics and regression analysis method to test the hypothesis formulated. The results indicated that entrepreneurship development is being hampered by ineffective credit risk management. The findings has shown that Small Scale Enterprise still suffers greatly from inadequate policy on fund raising, lack of risk management personnel, lack of credit advisory unit in loan houses and Inability to determine appropriate source of funding which significantly affects their level of development. The findings of this study have also found out that the Nigerian markets are filled with numerous business opportunities. Based on the findings, it was recommended that increased government support, uninterrupted power supply and communication link, provision of skilled manpower and computer wizard in operation of payment system, collaboration among banks, provision of adequate security and fight against corruption would assists and improve the growth and development of entrepreneurship in Nigeria.
National and Constitutional Identity in the Case Law of the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Hamuľák Ondrej , Kopal David , Kerikmäe Tanel
Published: April 2020

The aim of this paper is to determine the position of the CJEU towards the national identity with regard to its case law and whether the Court gives preference to the national identity or to the primacy of EU law during the balancing between the constitutional principles and the interests of member states with EU law. The introductory part of the paper addresses the insertion and the development of the national identity clause in the primary law. Its main part consists of analysis of the case law of the CJEU, as well as of the opinions of Advocates General, in the period before and after the adoption of the Treaty of Lisbon.
Theoretical aspects of public administration electronic services
Authors: Andraško Jozef
Published: April 2020

The author deals with the issue of public administration electronic services from the theoretical perspective. In particular, author is analysing all elements of the term in question. Furthermore, the author focuses on different types of categorization of public administration electronic services. Moreover, author is dealing with the definition of the term in question from the perspective of Slovak legal order.
Land protection and land care in Slovak Republic
Authors: Dufala Martin , Dufalová Lenka , Šmelková Jana
Published: April 2020

The land as a part of the environment is in a special position. It is a part of the environment and also it is a productive resource. This determines the legislation relating to the land. The article deals with the current legislation regarding land as well as with the issue of the constitutional protection of land, for example the rules of acquisition of agricultural land in constitution.
Discussion and understanding of law in 20th century
Authors: Chovancová Jarmila
Published: April 2020

Dominant discussion is understanding law and morality which represents neverending story. The article analyzes positive law in 20th century represented by H.L. A Hart and natural law development by L.L. Fuller and R. Alexy. Twentieth century can be called a period during which natural law has been shifted towards more positivism within the natural law. Positive law can be understood as a doctrine based on the Bentham’s utilitarism which didn’t accept other normative systems to be involved into concept of law. Prominent representatives of this theory have completely excluded moral content of the legal standards and they consider these to be irrelevant for the validity of the law. According to them evaluating standards through moral criteria is not appropriate because this brings chaos into the jural thinking.
Social protections in Slovak Republic in the first decade of the 21st century
Authors: Macková Zuzana
Published: April 2020

The article is a critical analysis of neoliberal approach to system of social protection in Slovakia, especially after the year of 2004, when a major reform of the Social Security Law and social policy took place. The focus is on specific sub-systems of the social protection – i.e. the system of social insurance, the system of state support and the system of social assistance – in the light of the constitutional and fundamental principles of law (liberty, equality, justice and solidarity), the actual content of the abovementioned systems of social protection and values and principles of the European social model of welfare state – and leads to author’s overview of major flaws and spaces for improvement.
Human dignity under the "Rebus Sic Stantibus" doctrine
Authors: Patakyová Mária , Grambličková Barbora , Patakyová Mária
Published: April 2020

This article deals with the applicability of the Rebus Sic Stantibus doctrine, which is a lawful exception to the Pacta Sunt Servanda principle. It deals with the question on whether the Rebus Sic Stantibus could be applied on the impossibilities of performance caused by subjective reasons (besides the force majeur events which are traditionally connected with the doctrine). The hypothetical situation which is discussed in the article consists in a business relation between two entrepreneurs, whereas one party exercises a personal performance for the other, and this personal performance becomes to infringe human dignity of the performer. Particularly, the article asks the question on how, if at all, it is possible for a personal performance breaching human dignity to trigger the Rebus Sic Stantibus exception. The article, after discussing the concept of human dignity as well as the Rebus Sic Stantibus doctrine; answers, that the application is possible. The Slovak legal order is chosen as the working field for this article, however, the findings are applicable more broadly, as the article also elaborates on the theoretical bases of the question at stake.
Mapas, lenguaje y conceptos: hacia una teoría pluralista del formato de los conceptos
Authors: Aguilera Mariela
Published: April 2020

A great number of investigations suggest that cognition involves both linguistic and cartographic representations. These researches have motivated a pluralist conception of cognition; also, they have been used to clarify how maps differ from linguistic representations. However, the computational processes underlying the interphase between both kinds of representations deserve further attention. In this paper, I argue that, despite their differences, cartographic representations coexist and interact with linguistic representations in interesting ways.
Realismo e historia
Authors: Córdoba Paulo
Published: April 2020

This article argues that the reality principle must be accepted as a necessary condition for any adequate historical research. The first part explores the arguments of the hermeneutical realism, in order to rescue some of them and showing their importance for the historical theory. The second part reconstructs a debate between historical theory, literary theory, linguistic turn and hermeneutical realism, aiming to expose the risks of anti-realism for the historical discipline. At the end, it is expected to present a perspective that points out what is the meaning of rescue realist elements that supports a not arbitrary historical research.
Consideraciones sobre la percepción desde la perspectiva enactiva
Authors: Dominguez Rojas Ana Lorena
Published: April 2020

This article reviews the enactive approach to perception, which defends the role of objects, the subject and the environment in the configuration of the phenomenal character of perception, that is, the qualitative dimension of experience. Initially the case of hallucination and its implications in the understanding of the phenomenal character of perception is retaken. Then, two positions within analytic philosophy of perception, representationalism and disjunctivism, are critically explored. Finally, enactivism is presented as a more promising alternative.
Nitrate-dominated PM2.5 and elevation of particle pH observed in urban Beijing during the winter of 2017
Authors: Xie Yuning , Wang Gehui , Wang Xinpei , Chen Jianmin , Chen Yubao , Tang Guiqian , Wang Lili , Ge Shuangshuang , Xue Guoyan , Wang Yuesi , Gao Jian
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The Chinese government has exerted strict emission controls
to mitigate air pollution since 2013, which has resulted in significant
decreases in the concentrations of air pollutants such as SO2. Strict
pollution control actions also reduced the average PM2.5 concentration
to the low level of 39.7 µg m−3 in urban Beijing during the winter
of 2017. To investigate the impact of such changes on the physiochemical
properties of atmospheric aerosols in China, we conducted a comprehensive
observation focusing on PM2.5 in Beijing during the winter of 2017.
Compared with the historical record (2014–2017), SO2 decreased to the
low level of 3.2 ppbv in the winter of 2017, but the NO2 level was still
high (21.4 ppbv in the winter of 2017). Accordingly, the contribution of nitrate
(23.0 µg m−3) to PM2.5 far exceeded that of sulfate (13.1 µg m−3) during the pollution episodes, resulting in a significant
increase in the nitrate-to-sulfate molar ratio. The thermodynamic model
(ISORROPIA II) calculation results showed that during the PM2.5
pollution episodes particle pH increased from 4.4 (moderate acidic) to 5.4
(more neutralized) when the molar ratio of nitrate to sulfate increased from
1 to 5, indicating that aerosols were more neutralized as the nitrate
content elevated. Controlled variable tests showed that the pH elevation
should be attributed to nitrate fraction increase other than crustal ion and
ammonia concentration increases. Based on the results of sensitivity tests, future prediction for the particle acidity change was discussed. We
found that nitrate-rich particles in Beijing at low and moderate humid
conditions (RH: 20 %–50 %) can absorb twice the amount of water that
sulfate-rich particles can, and the nitrate and ammonia with higher levels have
synergetic effects, rapidly elevating particle pH to merely neutral (above
5.6). As moderate haze events might occur more frequently under abundant
ammonia and nitrate-dominated PM2.5 conditions, the major chemical
processes during haze events and the control target should be re-evaluated
to obtain the most effective control strategy.
Tracer-based investigation of organic aerosols in marine atmospheres from marginal seas of China to the northwest Pacific Ocean
Authors: Guo Tianfeng , Guo Zhigang , Wang Juntao , Feng Jialiang , Gao Huiwang , Yao Xiaohong
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We investigated the geographic distributions of organic tracers in
total suspended particles over the marginal seas of China, including the Yellow
and Bohai seas (YBS) and the South China Sea (SCS), and the northwest
Pacific Ocean (NWPO) in spring, when Asian outflows strongly affect downwind
marine atmospheres. The comparison of levoglucosan observed in this study
with values from the literature showed that the concentrations of biomass
burning aerosols over the NWPO increased largely in 2014. However more observations,
in addition to our snapshot measurement, are need to confirm whether the
large increase has occurred continuously over the last few decades. The increase
led to a mean observed levoglucosan value (8.2±14 ng m−3) over
the NWPO that was close to that over the SCS (9.6±8.6 ng m−3) and almost
half of that over the YBS (21±11 ng m−3). Small geographic
differences in monoterpene-derived and sesquiterpene-derived secondary
organic tracer concentrations were obtained among the three atmospheres,
although the causes may differ. By contrast, a large difference in
isoprene-derived secondary organic tracer concentrations was observed among
the three atmospheres, with the sum of tracer concentrations over the SCS
(45±54 ng m−3) being several times and approximately 1 order of
magnitude greater than that over the YBS (15±16 ng m−3) and the
NWPO (2.3±1.6 ng m−3), respectively. The geographic distribution
of aromatic-derived secondary organic tracers was similar to that of
isoprene-derived secondary organic tracers, with a slightly narrower
difference: 1.8±1.7, 1.1±1.4 and
0.3±0.5 ng m−3 over the SCS, the YBS and the NWPO, respectively.
We discuss the causes of the distinctive geographic distributions of these
tracers and present the tracer-based estimation of organic carbon.
New continuous total ozone, UV, VIS and PAR measurements at Marambio, 64° S, Antarctica
Authors: Lakkala Kaisa , Aun Margit , Sanchez Ricardo , Bernhard Germar , Asmi Eija , Meinander Outi , Nollas Fernando , Hülsen Gregor , Karppinen Tomi , Aaltonen Veijo , Arola Antti , de Leeuw Gerrit
Published: April 2020

Abstract. A ground-based ultraviolet (GUV) multi-filter radiometer was set up at Marambio, 64∘ S, 56∘ W, Antarctica, in 2017. The instrument continuously measures ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible (VIS) radiation and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The measurements are designed for providing high-quality long-term time series that can be used to assess the impact of global climate change in the Antarctic region. The quality assurance includes regular absolute calibrations and solar comparisons performed at Marambio and at Sodankylä, Finland. The measurements continue observations at Marambio that were performed with (Norwegian Institute for Air Re-search UV Radiometer (NILU-UV) radiometers between 2000 and 2010 as part of the Antarctic NILU-UV network. These measurements are ideally suited for assessing the effects of the ongoing stratospheric ozone recovery on the ecosystem, as the data products include information on radiation at various wavelengths ranging from UV to VIS so that changes on biologically effective radiation due to ozone can be separated from those due to other factors. Data products include total ozone, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), visible (VIS) radiation at 555 nm, UV index, UV irradiance at 5 channels, UVB and UVA dose rate and daily dose, and biologically weighted UV dose rate and daily dose, calculated with 10 different action spectra. The data from the last 5 d and the daily maximum UV index time series are plotted and updated daily on the following web page: http://fmiarc.fmi.fi/sub_sites/GUVant/ (last access: 17 April 2020). The first 2 years of UV measurements were very different in terms of the results: for October, November and December the monthly average of daily maximum UVB dose rates were clearly higher in 2018 than in 2017. The largest difference was observed in October, when the average of daily maximum UVB dose rates was 76 and 102 µW cm−2 in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Monthly averages of the 3 months were similar in 2018, while in 2017 the monthly average of October was lower than those of November and December. The VIS and PAR time series show that daily maxima in 2018–2019 exceed those in 2017–2018 during late spring and summer (mid-November–January). The studied dataset, including daily maximum irradiances at five UV channels and one VIS channel; daily maximum UVB, UVA, and PAR dose rates; noon UVB, UVA, and PAR dose rates; noon total column ozone; and UVB and UVA daily doses, is freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3688700 (Lakkala et al., 2019).
Rapid development of fast and flexible environmental models: The Mobius framework v1.0
Authors: Norling Magnus Dahler , Jackson-Blake Leah Amber , Calidonio José-Luis Guerrero , Sample James Edward
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The Mobius model building system is a new open source framework for building fast and flexible environmental models. Mobius makes it possible for researchers with limited programming experience to build performant models with potentially complicated structures. Mobius models can be easily interacted with through the MobiView graphical user interface and through the Python programming language. Mobius was initially developed to support catchment scale hydrology and water quality modelling, but can be used to represent any system of hierarchically structured ordinary differential equations, such as population dynamics or toxicological models. Here, we demonstrate how Mobius can be used to quickly prototype several different model structures for a dissolved organic carbon catchment model, and use built-in auto-calibration and statistical uncertainty analysis tools to help decide on the best model structures. Overall, we hope the modular model building platform offered by Mobius will provide a step forward for environmental modelling, providing an alternative to the “one size fits all” modelling paradigm. We hope that by making it easier to explore a broader range of model structures and parameterisations, users will be encouraged to build more appropriate models, and that this in turn will improve process understanding and allow for more robust modelling in support of decision making.
Behind the scenes of streamflow model performance
Authors: Bouaziz Laurène J. E. , Thirel Guillaume , de Boer-Euser Tanja , Melsen Lieke A. , Buitink Joost , Brauer Claudia C. , De Niel Jan , Moustakas Sotirios , Willems Patrick , Grelier Benjamin , Drogue Gilles , Fenicia Fabrizio , Nossent Jiri , Pereira Fernando , Sprokkereef Eric , Stam Jasper , Dewals Benjamin J. , Weerts Albrecht H. , Savenije Hubert H. G. , Hrachowitz Markus
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Streamflow is often the only variable used to constrain hydrological models. In a previous international comparison study, eight research groups followed an identical protocol to calibrate a total of twelve hydrological models using observed streamflow of catchments within the Meuse basin. In the current study, we hypothesize that these twelve process-based models with similar streamflow performance have similar representations of internal states and fluxes. We test our hypothesis by comparing internal states and fluxes between models and we assess their plausibility using remotely-sensed products of evaporation, snow cover, soil moisture and total storage anomalies. Our results indicate that models with similar streamflow performance represent internal states and fluxes differently. Substantial dissimilarities between models are found for annual and seasonal evaporation and interception rates, the number of days per year with water stored as snow, the mean annual maximum snow storage and the size of the root-zone storage capacity. Relatively small root-zone storage capacities for several models lead to drying-out of the root-zone storage and significant reduction of evaporative fluxes each summer, which is not suggested by remotely-sensed estimates of evaporation and root-zone soil moisture. These differences in internal process representation imply that these models cannot all simultaneously be close to reality. Using remotely-sensed products, we could evaluate the plausibility of model representations only to some extent, as many of these internal variables remain unknown, highlighting the need for experimental research. We also encourage modelers to rely on multi-model and multi-parameter studies to reveal to decision-makers the uncertainties inherent to the heterogeneity of catchments and the lack of evaluation data.
Satellite-derived products of solar and longwave irradiances used for snowpack modelling in mountainous terrain
Authors: Quéno Louis , Karbou Fatima , Vionnet Vincent , Dombrowski-Etchevers Ingrid
Published: April 2020

Abstract. In mountainous terrain, the snowpack is strongly affected by incoming shortwave and longwave radiation. In this study, a thorough evaluation of the solar and longwave downwelling irradiance products (DSSF and DSLF) derived from the Meteosat Second Generation satellite was undertaken in the French Alps and the Pyrenees. The satellite-derived products were compared with forecast fields from the meteorological model AROME and with analysis fields from the SAFRAN system. A new satellite-derived product (DSLFnew) was developed by combining satellite observations and AROME forecasts. An evaluation against in situ measurements showed lower errors for DSSF than AROME and SAFRAN in terms of solar irradiances. For longwave irradiances, we were not able to select the best product due to contrasted results falling in the range of uncertainty of the sensors. Spatial comparisons of the different datasets over the Alpine and Pyrenean domains highlighted a better representation of the spatial variability of solar fluxes by DSSF and AROME than SAFRAN. We also showed that the altitudinal gradient of longwave irradiance is too strong for DSLFnew and too weak for SAFRAN. These datasets were then used as radiative forcing together with AROME near-surface forecasts to drive distributed snowpack simulations by the model Crocus in the French Alps and the Pyrenees. An evaluation against in situ snow depth measurements showed higher biases when using satellite-derived products, despite their quality. This effect is attributed to some error compensations in the atmospheric forcing and the snowpack model. However, satellite-derived irradiance products are judged beneficial for snowpack modelling in mountains, when the error compensations are solved.
Una mirada sociocrítica a Salve, Regina (1903). La configuración del campo morfogenético de Regina Duarte
Authors: Mejía Solanilla David
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo realiza una aproximación sociocrítica al personaje principal, Regina Duarte, en el cuento Salve, Regina del escritor Tomás Carrasquilla. Primero, se realiza un acercamiento al contexto de producción del autor. Posteriormente, se explicitan las herramientas teóricas desarrolladas por Edmund Cros que se emplearán en el análisis. Finalmente, se identificarán y describirán algunos de los elementos mórficos que dan lugar a las formaciones semióticoideológicas que conciernen a la construcción del personaje principal.
Diseminación editorial del conjunto de cuentos Acuarelas (1919-1920) de Tomás Carrasquilla
Authors: Del Sol Monsalve Alejandría
Published: April 2020

Este artículo aborda el estudio filológico del insular conjunto de relatos breves Acuarelas (1919-1920) del escritor antioqueño Tomás Carrasquilla. Con fundamento en el enfoque teóricometodológico de la crítica textual, se presentan las dos etapas iniciales de la recensio: fontis criticae y collatio codicum. Se exponen, así, los resultados del análisis de la transmisión textual: la filiación entre los diferentes testimonios sumado a la lectura y sistematización de las variantes textuales.
Revisitando a Ezequiel Martínez Estrada como lector de la Generación del ’37. O sobre la importancia de la literatura para el pueblo
Authors: Goldwaser Yankelevich Nathalie
Published: April 2020

En el presente escrito pretendemos revisitar exclusivamente la compilación póstuma Para una revisión de las letras argentinas de Ezequiel Martínez Estrada y reconstruir la articulación de la tríada literaria – vida nacional – pueblo, partiendo de su lectura de las obras de la Generación romántica argentina de 1837, más conocida como “Generación del ‘37”. Dicha generación realizó, en un contexto de censura y exilio, contribuciones al mundo de las ideas filosófico-políticas que fueron fundacionales a la hora de la formación del Estado- Nación, la ciudadanía y otras instituciones modernas en el territorio argentino. Sin embargo, para Ezequiel Martínez Estrada este no es el verdadero mérito de aquella generación. Escribe el autor de Para una revisión… -publicado en 1946- que las ideas republicanas y democráticas de los escritores tienen poco que ver con la producción literaria o con las letras (a secas). Martínez Estrada pretende ensalzar menos la intervención política, que la fundación de una prosa necesaria paralela a gobernar y que construya las condiciones para que la cultura sea posible. Para ello propone una empresa difícil de (re)hacer: una literatura (junto con las ciencias y las otras artes) que capacite al pueblo dentro del combate a la global ignorancia, verdadero poder despótico de todo acto colonial.
Proselitismo y violencia en Viento seco
Authors: Osorio Óscar
Published: April 2020

La crítica ha valorado positivamente la novela de Daniel Caicedo en cuanto testimonio de los hechos atroces de la Violencia política de la mitad del siglo XX colombiano y denuncia de sus responsables, y la ha sancionado negativamente por su dimensión estética. Sin embargo, más que un registro burdo de esos hechos, Viento seco es un proyecto narrativo orientado por una visión políticoreligiosa de la Violencia. Este trabajo examina los mecanismos textuales esenciales en la definición de este programa ideológico literario y propone una lectura que devela la estrategia proselitista que define su programa narrativo.
Una inclinación deliberada a leer fuera de lugar: Sylvia Molloy y los Cuadernos de infancia de Norah Lange
Authors: González Roux Maya
Published: April 2020

Las preocupaciones críticas de Sylvia Molloy encuentran un eco en su ficción literaria, por lo que es posible suponer entonces que ambas escrituras, la ensayística y la ficcional, difícilmente puedan deslindarse. Su libro Acto de presencia. La escritura autobiográfica en Hispanoamérica (1996), en el que estudió las autobiografías hispanoamericanas, es un ejemplo de ello ya que revela un curioso sistema de lectura: si por un lado revela el modo de interpretación de la autobiografía –su propio modo, aquel que lee el texto autobiográfico como una construcción ficcional-, por el otro, al inquietar el texto autobiográfico y desplazarlo de las lecturas habituales, Molloy deja deslizar sus preocupaciones respecto a su propia ficción. De este modo, la lectura de la autobiografía de Norah Lange Cuadernos de infancia (1937) se convierte en una suerte de laboratorio desde el que Molloy reflexiona, subrepticiamente, acerca de la recepción que anhela para su novela En breve cárcel (1981), con motivo de su reedición en 1998.
Un aspecto de la figura heroica en la literatura argentina contemporánea: Plop, de Rafael Pinedo
Authors: Lemo Matías
Published: April 2020

Se analiza Plop (2002), del escritor argentino Rafael Pinedo. El protagonista de esta novela es un héroe en busca del autoconocimiento, quien ilustra, mediante la aventura, el mundo del que forma parte, construido a partir de las cavilaciones del autor en torno de todo aquello que podría empeorar dentro de su sociedad. De este modo, el relato, que recurre a la mitología y a la ciencia ficción, permite una lectura en torno a lo humano y a sus condicionamientos sociohistóricos: ¿es posible destruir la cultura? El marco teórico corresponde a la semiótica cultural de Iuri Lotman.
An institutional case study of a transformative approach to access and engagement for widening participation in higher education
Authors: Aylmer Anthony
Published: April 2020

The recognition that increased numbers of students from diverse backgrounds accessing higher education (HE) is juxtaposed with increased numbers of students withdrawing from their studies (Pope, Ladwa and Hayes, 2017), has highlighted an increased need to explore specific support strategies
post enrolment. Such ambition has more recently been reaffirmed by the Office for Students (OfS), who have emphasised the need for new approaches pertaining to access, participation and success since being established in 2018. This paper presents an institutional case study focusing on a transformative
approach to access and engagement for students in HE. The initial part of this paper provides an outline of the specific approaches adopted by the case study institution, set against a theoretical backdrop of habitus and cultural capital. The second part of this paper discusses the findings
from a small-scale research project emanating from a framework method analysis on student forum records over a five year period. Results illuminated the importance of varied and engaging teaching practices, tutor accessibility and the important role that the virtual learning environment can
have on supporting students and enhancing habitus and cultural capital.
Talent Management Strategy and its Impact on Employee’s Development: An Empirical Study on Jordanian Pharmaceutical Companies
Authors: Alsawalhah Ayyoub. A.
Published: April 2020

The present study aimed to explore the impact of the talent management strategy (attracting strategy, localizations strategy, investment strategy, and retaining strategy) on the employee development process, which helps stakeholders in the companies to take care of this while developing their strategies. The study is based on the descriptive and analytical approaches, A Questionnaire was designed for this study and was distributed to the sample of the community with a total of (280) questionnaires, 239 questionnaires were returned, that represent 85%. The study results show that there is an important role for strategic talent management in employee development in Jordanian pharmaceutical companies. The researchers recommend: Developing a compensation system to encourage workers to stay in companies, support talented workers and involve them in important company decisions.
Verschillend organiseren, verschillend functioneren?
Authors: Nooteboom Laura , Eilander Janna , van der Voet Joris , Kuipers Ben , Steijn Bram , Vermeiren Robert , Mulder Eva
Published: April 2020

Verschillend organiseren, verschillend functioneren? De invloed van de organisatie van Jeugd- (en Gezins)teams op het teamfunctioneren

Objective: there are regional differences in the organization of local Youth Teams, that have been given a crucial role in delivering Youth Care since the transition of Youth Care in 2015. The aim of this article is to examine the influence of the organization of Youth Teams on several aspects of their functioning.

Method: self-managing teams in Holland Rijnland and teams in The Hague that are led by a team manager are compared on several aspects of team functioning. This mixed-methods study is based on an online questionnaire among 237 professionals and interviews with 32 professionals. Quantitative data have been analyzed by conducting a t-test of group means, qualitative data by means of framework-analysis.

Results: the organization of Youth Teams seems to influence certain aspects of the perceived team functioning. For example, professionals in the self-organizing teams Holland Rijnland experience more self-management and more informational elaboration. However, there are also similarities on several aspects. Professionals from both regions have similar expectations of leaders.

Discussion: municipalities and Youth Care organizations should be aware of the influence of the organization of Youth Teams on team functioning. Future research must demonstrate which aspects of team functioning contribute to improved care for families.
MOBILE CENTER FOR PREVENTION AND REDUCTION OF EMERGENCY SITUATION
Authors: Peancovschii Serghei , Ohrimenko Sergey
Published: April 2020

The article covers the problem issues of the formation of Mobile Emergency Operations Center of the General Inspectorate of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Moldova. In the paper determined the key objectives assigned to the Situational Center, as well as the peculiarities of the developing organizational structure of the information interoperability
of the Center’s employees, the providing subsystems’ composition, and the directions aimed enhancing efficiency.
BENEFITS OF APPLYING CSR CONCEPTS IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT. PROVIDENT POLSKA CASE STUDY
Authors: Lubaś Magdalena
Published: April 2020

Over the past few years, the importance of the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR), which has a strong impact on the relationship between the organization and its stakeholders, has been increasing. The purpose of the article is to verify the benefits that the implementation of CSR tools can generate for an enterprise in the field of human resources management. Based on the example of Provident Polska, using in-depth interview methods and analysis of the content of the Provident Polska Corporate Social Responsibility report for 2016-2017, it has been shown that actions taken in relation to employees under the CSR concept affect the extension of the employment period, and the increase in the quality
of work, improving work organization and employee satisfaction.
STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES AND EXPECTATIONS TOWARDS PROFESSIONAL WORK
Authors: Stachowska Sylwia
Published: April 2020

Knowledge of attitudes of certain professional groups towards professional work poses a significant factor that affects rationality of numerous managerial decisions related to human capital management. Expertise in this field is essential from the perspective of effective use of particular tools and solutions in the area of human resources management in an organization. The raised problems are particularly important from the perspective of diagnosing students’ attitudes towards professional work as they are a population of potential employees. The main objective of the research presented in the paper was to identify the students’ attitudes and expectations related to work and career. The research intended to
achieve the objective was carried out with a survey questionnaire. It covered persons who pursued master studies (2nd degree studies) at the Faculty of Economic Sciences of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn.