bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High discrepancies in the mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the two most economically important states in Brazil
Authors: Paravidino Vitor Barreto , Sichieri Rosely , Gomes Danilo Cosme Klein , Silva Gulnar Azevedo e
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the proportion of deaths among hospitalized cases of COVID-19 in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, stratified by private and public services. Methods: Hospitalization data for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were obtained using the SIVEP-Gripe Database. All hospitalized adults who were diagnosed as COVID-19 or unspecified SARS, between January and December 2020, were included in the analysis. Logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the risk of death between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities. Results: A total of 388,657 hospital registers for Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo (91,532 and 297,125, respectively) were analyzed. Missing data are frequent in the database and it was greater in Rio de Janeiro, at the state and capital levels. Adjusting for confounders, the odds ratio of dying by COVID-19, comparing the state of Rio de Janeiro with São Paulo, was 2.51 in the private hospitals and 2.29 in the public ones. For the capitals, the scenario is worse. The lethality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is at least twice in Rio de Janeiro than São Paulo, both at the states and capitals. The public or private services showed important differences, with odds ratios of 2.74 and 3.46, respectively. Conclusion: It appears that the worst governance in the health sector in Rio de Janeiro, more than lack of resources, explains the excess mortality of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Rio de Janeiro.
Stats Entertainment: The Legal and Regulatory Issues Arising from the Data Analytics Movement in Association Football. Part One: The Development of Data Analytics and Property Rights in Data
Authors: Flanagan Christopher A.
Published: September 2021

Data analytics has become a critical part of professional football.  It brings with it a number of challenging legal questions, brought into sharper focus by the reported ‘Project Red Card’ legal action, in which the legality of the systematised use of player performance data has been called into question.  Focussing on the position in English law, this two part article takes a holistic approach to assessing the legal issues presented by the data analytics movement.Part One sets out contextual information on the development of data analytics in football, before examining whether the data produced in football are capable of ownership, either in raw format or after manipulation, taking into account the nature of property and intangible assets, relevant intellectual property laws, and non-IP protections. Part Two of this article will go on to consider the position in respect of data protection law (including FIFA’s Data Protection Regulations). Finally, some broader legal issues are considered, including competition law and the regulation of artificial intelligence.The conclusions of Part One and Part Two together are that the intellectual property rights position is broadly positive for data analysts, with legal protections capable of application in many circumstances.  However, data protection law presents a more complicated problem, with a number of challenging compliance obligations for the analytics community, albeit with scope to exploit player performance data where those obligations are met.
LEVELS OF MASTERY OF MODERN PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after Arabaev, Mashanova Ainur
Published: September 2021

Modern pedagogical technologies play an important role in the implementation of the task of ensuring the quality of education. The article lists modern pedagogical technologies. This concept and lists the best options of a number of technologies for the implementation of new modern technologies and use in the process of training, will create conditions for the change of activities of students and helps to eliminate the monotony of the educational environment and the monotony of the learning process, allowing opportunities to meet their educational needs. The level of mastery of modern pedagogical technologies is divided and listed, and the theoretical and practical effectiveness of the educational process is considered. Pedagogical technologies are divided and listed stages and stages in the learning process. The concept of the main reasons for the emergence of new psychological and pedagogical technologies and definitions of the concept of "pedagogical technology"is given. Stages of the information and communication technology application system.
DRAG COEFFICIENT OF A SOLID SPHERE UNDER NON-ISOTHERMAL CONDITIONS
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Arkhipov V.A. , Basalaev S.A. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Perfilieva K.G. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Usanina A.S. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2021

The results of an experimental study of gravitational settling of a cooled (T = 82 K, 250 K) and a heated (T = 373 K, 473 K, 573 K) steel ball in glycerin and polymethylsiloxane liquids (PDMS-10000, PDMS-30000) in the range of the Reynolds numbers Re = 10−3–1 are presented. It is shown that the stationary velocity of gravitational settling of a particle decreases with its cooling and, conversely, it increases with heating of the particle. A time dependence of the distance traveled by the particle is found to be linear for both heated, cooled, and etalon (T = Tl) solid spheres. The effect of the difference in the particle and carrier medium temperatures on the drag coefficient of the solid sphere is analyzed. For the considered Reynolds numbers, it is revealed that the drag coefficient of a single solid sphere is determined by CD = a /Re , where a is the empirical coefficient depending on the ratio of the particle and liquid temperatures T = T /Tl . Using the regression analysis method, the expression for a drag coefficient of a solid particle under non-isothermal conditions at T >> 1 is found to be similar to the Hadamard –Rybczynski expression CD = 16/Re, which is obtained for a spherical bubble (or a drop). The empirical dependences of the drag coefficient for a cooled and a heated solid sphere on the difference in the particle and liquid temperatures δТ = 1− T are obtained.
CONVERGENCE OF LOCALLY SELFSIMILAR SOLUTIONS TO EXACT NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF BOUNDARY LAYER EQUATIONS FOR A PLATE
Authors:   Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Grigoriev Yu.N. , Gorobchuk A.G. ,   Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Ershov I.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2021

This paper considers a possibility of using locally self-similar solutions for a stationary boundary layer in linear stability problems. The solutions, obtained at various boundary conditions for a vibrationally excited gas, are compared with finite-difference calculations of the corresponding flows. An initial system of equations for a plane boundary layer of the vibrationally excited gas is derived from complete equations of two-temperature relaxation aerodynamics. Relaxation of vibrational modes of gas molecules is described in the framework of the Landau – Teller equation. Transfer coefficients depend on the static flow temperature. In a complete problem statement, the flows are calculated using the Crank – Nicolson finite-difference scheme. In all the considered cases, it is shown that the locally self-similar velocity and temperature profiles converge to the corresponding profiles for a fully developed boundary-layer flow calculated in a finite-difference formulation. The obtained results justify the use of locally self-similar solutions in problems of the linear stability theory for boundary-layer flows of a vibrationally excited gas.
INVESTIGATION OF UNDERWATER MOTION PARAMETERS FOR INERT CONICAL MODELS
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Ishchenko A.N. , Burkin V.V. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), D’yachkovskiy A.S. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Chupashev A.V. ,   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2021

This paper considers high-speed underwater motion of an axisymmetric inert conical model in a supercavitation flow regime. Experimental data on the model velocity variation with distance in water are obtained. Based on these data, a computational method, which is developed to determine the model velocity, is validated. A comparison of the calculated and experimental results obtained in a hydroballistic track shows that, in the first approximation, the motion of the model in a supercavitating flow regime can be considered as the motion of a flat disk having a mass and being streamed around at the developed cavitation directed normally to the surface. Experimental contours of supercaverns are compared with those calculated using the known computational methodology. The conditions ensuring supercavitation motion of the inert conical models in water are determined. As a result, the extended range of the horizontal motion is calculated for the inert conical models moving in a supercavitation regime under water at a depth up to 200 m at given initial velocity, depth of the trajectory location, and model parameters. It is found that reducing of a cavitator radius does not always have a positive effect on the range of the inert model motion.
Stylistic Qualification of Colloquial Vocabulary in the Database of Pragmatically Marked Vocabulary of the Russian Language
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Basalaeva Elena G. , Bulygina Elena Yu. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), Tripolskaya Tatiana A. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)
Published: September 2021

The article focuses on the issue of the stylistic ranking (clarification of the system of stylistic labels) and correlation of stylistic labels with emotional and evaluative ones in the electronic lexicographic resource Database of Pragmatically Marked Vocabulary. The resource pursues the goal of the most complete lexicographic portraiture of the lexical meaning that contains pragmatic semantics (ideological, gender, national-cultural and emotional-evaluative). The macrostructure of the Database, criteria for the formation of the glossary, ways of interpreting the pragmatic content are described in the works of the participants in the lexicographic project E.G. Basalaeva, E.Yu. Bulygina, T.A. Tripolskaya. The material of the research is emotional-evaluative vocabulary (mrak, mychat’ (about human speech), vkalyvat’, uzhas, balbes, nytik, myam-lya, etc.) in need of special stylistic (colloquial, vernacular, rude, everyday, etc.) quali-fication. The authors relied on definitional, component and corpus analysis in the study. The study of the main explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language from the stand-point of the placement and correlation of stylistic and semantic labels allows obtaining the following information: 1) about lexicographic traditions relevant to the development of a new dictionary resource; 2) about possible dynamic processes in the field of stylis-tically marked vocabulary; 3) about the hybrid nature of stylistic and semantic labels: in some cases, stylistic labels (without emotional-evaluative ones) are designed to com-bine information about the sphere of use and emotional-evaluative semantics; and sometimes semantic labels, for example, contemptuous or abusive, serves as an indica-tor of colloquial or vernacular use. One of the primary tasks in the lexicography of these lexemes is the development of a possibly consistent system of stylistic and semantic labels. In the Database of Pragmatically Marked Vocabulary, the authors pro-pose to use semantic and stylistic labels in parallel in relation to each other. The created Database makes it possible to present a lexicographic portrait of a pragmatically marked word, the presence and interaction of pragmatic microcomponents, their dy-namics manifested in modern communication. Thus, the article analyzes the systems of vocabulary labels. The stylistic and semantic (emotional-evaluative) labels have been correlated, considering the seme and semantic variation of a pragmatically marked word; the algorithm for the lexicographying of emotional-evaluative semantics, which determines the stylistic characteristics of a word, has been developed.
CD34+ isolation from human bone marrow v1
Authors: Khosravi-Maharlooei Mohsen , Holzl Markus , Chen Austin , Sykes Megan
Published: September 2021

This protocol details the steps for isolating CD34+ cells from human bone marrow. The CD34+ cells isolated from this protocol can be used for generating humanized mice through reconstitution of immune cells via IV injection after bone marrow ablation. These cells can also be used for mixed lymphocyte reaction experiments.
Human CD34+ cell isolation from fetal liver, and fetal thymus preparation v1
Authors: Chen Austin , Khosravi-Maharlooei Mohsen , Holzl Markus , Danzl Nichole , Parks Chris , Waffarn Elizabeth , Sykes Megan
Published: September 2021

This protocol details the steps for isolating human CD34+ cells from human fetal liver. It also explains how to prepare human fetal thymus for immediate use or for freezing, as well as the process for thawing. The CD34+ cells are hematopoietic progenitor cells and can be used to generate humanized mice through reconstitution of immune cells via IV injection after bone marrow ablation. These cells can also be used for mixed lymphocyte reaction experiments.
Protocol for Mouse IP Anesthesia (Ketamine-Xylazine) v1
Authors: Li Haowei , Holzl Markus , Khosravi-Maharlooei Mohsen , Danzl Nichole , Chen Austin , Sykes Megan
Published: September 2021

This protocol details the constitution of our anesthesia cocktail that we use for sedating our mice when performing surgeries. The surgeries we typically perform are thymectomies and implantation of material under the kidney capsule (through open abdomen or minimally invasive approaches).
Calibration of glass electrode half-cells v1
Authors: Heering Agnes , Leito Ivo , Lahe Markus , Vilbaste Martin
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this document is give glass-electrode half-cell calibration procedure with aqueous buffers.
Métaphores et calques dans la création phraséologique du français ivoirien
Authors: Yao Koffi
Published: September 2021

L’objectif de cette étude est de mettre en évidence le principe qui régit la formation de certaines unités phraséologiques particulières du français parlé en Côte d’Ivoire, en s’appuyant sur l’utilisation de la métaphore et du calque lexico-sémantique en tant que procédés de reproduction du substrat linguistique local. Plus exactement, elle permet de cerner les propriétés idiomatiques qui caractérisent la formation des lexies complexes (expressions figées) et des lexies textuelles (adages ou proverbes) sélectionnées à partir de certains actes de communication courants entre les Ivoiriens. En outre, elle analyse l’influence des langues locales, en tenant compte des phénomènes contextuels ou socioculturelles environnants, à l’effet d’appréhender les principes théoriques qui déterminent la formation de ces unités phraséologiques spécifiques du français ivoirien.
El Agrupamiento de textos, una estrategia para la formación literaria en francés como lengua extranjera
Authors: Bernal-Vargas Andres Ivan
Published: September 2021

La comprensión de lectura y la escritura de textos son dos procesos académicos complejos para estudiantes de lenguas extranjeras. Ambos procesos pueden ser articulados por medio del agrupamiento de textos (AT) como estrategia didáctica en la enseñanza de lenguas. El siguiente artículo reporta una investigación acción de tipo mixta que implementó el AT para desarrollar la comprensión de lectura y escritura y la competencia literaria en 33 jóvenes aprendientes de francés de una licenciatura de Lenguas Extranjeras en una universidad colombiana. El estudio duró dos años. Se realizó inicialmente un análisis documental de los sílabos de los cuatro primeros niveles de francés del currículo constatándose que no se explicitaban ni objetivos ni contenidos del componente de literatura. Se administró, además, una encuesta de entrada y salida para identificar los conocimientos (previos y finales, respectivamente) sobre elementos esenciales de la narración. Durante la intervención pedagógica se implementó el AT (dos cuentos y una película) para que los estudiantes reconocieran la singularidad genérica del cuento siguiendo el esquema narrativo de Larivaille y el actancial de Hamon y produjeran, posteriormente, textos literarios de este género. El estudio concluyó que el AT fue efectivo pues, primero, permitió integrar un componente literario a las clases de francés para nivel B1, y segundo,  la mayoría de estudiantes mejoraron sustancialmente sus procesos de lectura y escritura de cuentos.
Pipe bridge design optimisation through a comparative study of truss and girder arrangements
Authors: Sivapriya S. V. , Sadhana S. , Prathibha N. , Saranya S.
Published: September 2021

Pipe bridges are structures that play an indispensable role in chemical and oil plants. They support cable trays or pipe-carrying material. This study aims to identify the ideal configuration of a pipe bridge through the comparative study of girders with drop hanger and truss arrangements for three different spans. The most efficient arrangement for each span was suitably identified. Through the analysis carried out, it was then identified that the Girder arrangement is suitable for smaller spans such as 15 meters; while the truss arrangement was preferable for longer spans.
Mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with hybrid polypropylene- PET waste fibers
Authors: Hussein Sary , Mohammed Azad
Published: September 2021

In this article, flexural strength and compressive strength of concrete containing polypropylene fiber (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste fiber and a combination between them were experimentally investigated. For this reason, laboratory experiments were performed on a total of 40 mixes. Results show that compressive strength property of concrete reinforced with PET waste fiber is not comparable to that of concrete reinforced with PP fiber, in which there is a compressive strength reduction, and the effect of PET fiber length on the strength is not important. Behavior of concrete contained PET waste fiber in flexure was found better. There is a good opportunity to use a hybrid fiber (25% PET and 75% PP) to enhance flexural strength of concrete.
Multiple sequence alignment quality comparison in T-Coffee, MUSCLE and M-Coffee based on different benchmarks
Authors: KORAK Tuğcan , AŞIR Fırat , IŞIK Esin , CENGİZ Nur
Published: September 2021

Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a fundamental process in the studies for determination of evolutionary, structural and functional relationships of biological sequences or organisms. There are various heuristic approaches comparing more than two sequences to generate MSA. However, each tool used for MSA is not suitable for every dataset. Considering the importance of MSA in wide range of relationship studies, we were interested in comparing the performance of different MSA tools for various datasets. In this study, we applied three different MSA tools, T-Coffee, MUSCLE and M-Coffee, on several datasets, BAliBase, SABmark, DIRMBASE, ProteinBali and DNABali. It was aimed to evaluate the differences in the performance of these tools based on the stated benchmarks regarding the % consistency, sum of pairs (SP) and column scores (CS) by using Suite MSA. We also calculated the average values of these scores for each tool to examine the results in comparative perspective. Eventually, we conclude that all three tools performed their best with the datasets from ProteinBali (average % consistency: 29.6, 32.3, 29.7; SP: 0.74, 0.73, 0.74; CS with gaps: 0.27, 0.27, 0.26 for T-Coffee, MUSCLE, M-Coffee, respectively), whereas the lowest performance was obtained in datasets from DIRMBASE (average % consistency: 1.8, 1.1, 4.3; SP: 0.05, 0.04, 0.04 CS with gaps: 0.01, 0, 0.008 for T-Coffee, MUSCLE, M-Coffee, respectively)
Conversaciones en torno de la narrativa de experiencia y la creatividad docente en el currículum
Authors: Suárez Daniel Hugo , Metzdorff Valeria Marta
Published: September 2021

El artículo recrea un momento de la conversación siempre abierta entre una tesista y su director a partir de la invitación de éste a pensar en la creatividad docente en el currículum. Al plantearse como reflexión, la propuesta desata una breve presentación del vínculo que cada uno ha venido construyendo con la idea del “currículum como creación” o bien de “la creación en el currículum” desde su propia trayectoria intelectual y profesional. En el intercambio de relatos, reflexiones y argumentos se despliegan la perspectiva, la narración y los indicios de la creatividad pedagógica de una maestra de escuela primaria y de un investigador de la educación. Ella se expresa desde interrogantes, hallazgos y construcciones narrativas respecto de su “vuelta a la escuela”, luego de cierto recorrido profesional por fuera de la enseñanza primaria. Por su parte, el investigador, narra sus reflexiones sobre la creatividad pedagógica en su recorrido por algunos debates curriculares y experiencias de investigación para dar cuenta de la gesta de una posición de repliegue, con la que interpela a su interlocutora, desde sus aproximaciones sucesivas hasta el abandono de la “retórica del currículum” como marco interpretativo de la productividad de los enseñantes. Del intercambio final emergen algunas pistas acerca de las potencialidades y los límites de las narrativas pedagógicas para dar cuenta de la forma en que el currículum puede ser comprendido como tradición selectiva y consensuada sobre la transmisión cultural y, al mismo tiempo, como territorio para disponer públicamente la experiencia creativa de los docentes en las escuelas.
Study of immunogenicity and safety of a candidate rotavirus vaccine based on a recombinant hybrid protein
Authors: Varyushina Elena A. , Alexandrov Georgy V. , Zakharov Mikhail S. , Kiryanova Anna S. , Huttunen Olga E. , Rumyantseva Alina B. , Mitrofanov Ilya D. , Bendt Irina V. , Krylova Anna E. , Chistyakova Anastasia B. , Artemova Natalya A. , Shatillo Irina M. , Bogomolova Elena G. , Dobrovolskaya Olga A. , Ischuk Sergey A. , Dukhovlinov Ilya V. , Simbirtsev Andrey S.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Rotaviruses are the main cause of acute gastroenteritis in children in both developed and developing countries. Vaccination is the only way to prevent severe and fatal course of this disease. Live attenuated viruses-based vaccines currently available can have a number of side effects. A candidate rotavirus vaccine reported is based on a hybrid recombinant protein FliCVP6VP8, which includes a VP6 protein fragment, a rotavirus A VP8 protein fragment, and S. typhimurium FliC flagellin components. AIM: The aim was to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of а preparation Rotavirus vaccine, recombinant in preclinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The immunogenicity of vaccine (blood antibody titers, antigen-specific proliferative response of spleen cells) was evaluated in BALB/c mice. The acute and subchronic toxicity, the possible irritating effect, pyrogenicity and the anaphylactic effect and delayed type hypersensitivity were evaluated in laboratory mice, rats, Guinea pigs, and rabbits. RESULTS: Double immunization of mice with the candidate vaccine demonstrated a significant increase in antibody titers in mouse sera compared to that in control mice. Evaluation of antigen-specific proliferative response after double immunization with a candidate vaccine demonstrated a significant increase in the values of stimulated proliferation. Evaluation of safety through acute and chronic toxicity studies demonstrated no toxicity. The immunostimulatory effect of vaccine was demonstrated when evaluating the number of antibody-producing cells with sheep red blood cells as antigens. The number of white blood cells was demonstrated to increase after the prolonged vaccine administration. CONCLUSIONS: The preclinical studies have demonstrated safety of the candidate rotavirus vaccine and its capability to produce the immune response.
Microbiological Quality of Seawater and Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck 1819) in the Dubrovnik Coastal Area (Southeastern Adriatic)
Authors:   University of Dubrovnik, Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, Bobanović-Ćolić Svjetlana , Bolotin Jakša , Glavić Nikša , Hrustić Enis
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted between March 2016 and March 2017 as the first study on the water and mussel quality in the coastal area of Dubrovnik (Croatia). Bacteriological analyses were conducted simultaneously on wild mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) tissue and their ambient water. The total numbers of heterotrophic bacteria, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci in the water were determined. Concentrations of Escherichia coli were measured in mussel. The investigated stations are located in coastal water, which is particularly influenced by climatic and anthropogenic factors interacting at the boundaries between the land and freshwater and seawater environments. Seasonal variables, such as rainfall and riverine network characteristics, determine the delivery of bacteria (including E.coli) to coastal water. Direct methods of assessing the density of heterotrophic bacteria at all sampling stations showed the characteristics of an oligotrophic area. The abundance of faecal coliform bacteria was in all cases higher within mussel tissue than in the surrounding water where levels were sometimes undetectable. Maximum E. coli concentrations in mussels and seawater were regularly recorded through the summer, with the exceptions of April 2016 and January 2017 at two stations following precipitation. Minimum faecal coliform concentrations were recorded in the winter.
Increasing the Wear Resistance of Marine Diesel Engines Elements Made of Ductile Iron
Authors:   Norinco International Cooperation Ltd., Zagreb, Veljačić Zoran , Grilec Krešimir
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the influence of austempering and shot peening on the wear resistance of ductile iron. Samples for further testing were made from mechanically processed casts. The hardness and microstructure of ductile iron were examined on the prepared samples. Metallographic analysis of ductile cast iron samples in the cast state determined the pearlitic-ferritic structure of the matrix characteristic of this type of cast iron. Pearlite predominates in the structure, and the rest consists of ferrite and graphite nodules. The samples were then austempered. The isothermal conversion was 240 °C. After austempering, the hardness was measured and the microstructure was characterized, and the changes that occurred in relation to the heat-treated ductile iron were studied. Austempering created a new austempered structure, harder than that in the cast state, which led to improved mechanical properties. A needle-like structure of lower bainite (ADI) with high-carbon austenite, untransformed austenite, martensite and graphite nodules was achieved. The selected parameters of the shot peening process deformed the surface of the ADI and achieved a mostly martensitic structure without the presence of a soft phase, which increased resistance to abrasion. Additional hardening of the substrate by the shot peening process resulted in a composite material with the properties of comparative steel parts, which are lighter, cheaper and easier to manufacture, more resistant to wear and quieter in operation. Such material should have an even wider application in mechanical engineering, and thus in the construction of marine machinery and plants.
On the Development of Catamaran Hull Form for Fish Processing Vessel to Support Domestic Fishing Activities in Indonesia
Authors:   Diponegoro University, Semarang-Indonesia, Zakki Ahmad Fauzan , Chrismianto Deddy , Windyandari Aulia , Ilham Rizaldy
Published: September 2021

Several advantages of multihull, such as catamaran, have been extensively discussed in the previous research. Therefore, this research focuses on developing a catamaran hull form for the fish processing vessel hull. The initial stage is determining the principal dimension and exploring the configurations of catamaran hull forms. The existing high-speed craft catamarans have been adopted to determine the parent model main dimensions using a linear regression equation model. Otherwise, the catamarans single demi-hull geometry was developed by converting and modifying the parent model hull form with enlarging the hull displacement to achieve the deadweight capacity and service speed requirements. The demi-hull spacing configuration with s/L 0.17, s/L 0.20, s/L 0.30, and s/L 0.40 on the resistance characteristics, intact stability, and sea-keeping behaviour were also explored. Furthermore, the comparisons with the previously proposed monohull were presented. Regarding the hull resistance performance, the analysis indicated that the catamaran hull form had better total resistance characteristics than the monohull on the service speed over 23 knots. In the case of intact stability, the analysis results presented that the catamaran hull form has better intact stability characteristics than the monohull. The dynamic stability of the catamarans also gave better dynamic stability at the heeling angle below 41.57°. Otherwise, the catamarans with s/L 0.17 and s/L 0.20 have lower dynamic stability than the monohull at the heeling angle larger than 41.57° and 58.03°, respectively. In the sea-keeping performance, the catamaran hull has shown an excellent rolling motion required for the offshore environment loading/unloading process. The large demi hull spacing of the catamarans hull can reduce the effect of the wave creating load on the roll motion response at the Beam Sea.
Seismic system calibration: 2. Cross-spectral calibration using random binary signals
Authors: Berger Jon , Carr Agnew Duncan , Parker Robert L. , Farrell William E.
Published: September 2021

abstract

We present a rapid and accurate method of calibrating seismic systems using a random binary calibration signal and cross-spectral techniques. The complex transfer function obtained from the cross spectrum is least-squares fit to the ratio of two polynomials in s(s = iω) whose degrees are determined by a linear systems analysis. This provides a compact representation of the system frequency response. We demonstrate its application to two seismic systems, the IDA and SRO seismomenters. This method yields calibrations to an accuracy of better than 1 per cent in amplitude and 1° in phase.
An estimate of the properties of Love-type surface waves in a frictionally bonded layer
Authors: Miller Richard K.
Published: September 2021

abstract

An approximate analytical approach is presented for determining the attenuation, dispersion, and intensity of motion at depth associated with Love-type surface waves in an elastic layer bonded by Coulomb friction to an elastic half-space. It is found that the dispersion curves are only slightly affected by a small amount of slip at the interface, but that the level of attenuation in the system increases considerably with the amplitude of motion. The results for the frequency dependence of the attenuation in the system are in basic agreement with experimental data on the attenuation of Love waves in the Earth (Jackson, 1971). The results for the intensity of motion at depth indicate a deterioration of bonding at high frequencies.
A local earthquake coda magnitude and its relation to duration, moment Mo, and local Richter magnitude ML
Authors: Suteau Anne M. , Whitcomb James H.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A relationship is found between the seismic moment, Mo, of shallow local earthquakes, coda amplitudes, and the total duration of the signal, t, in seconds, measured from the earthquake origin time. Following Aki, we assume that the end of the coda is composed of backscattering surface waves due to lateral heterogeneity in the shallow crust. Using the linear relationship between the logarithm of Mo and the local Richter magnitude ML, we obtain a relationship between ML and t, of the form: ML = a0 + a1 log t + a2t1/3 + f(t), where a0, a1, a2 are constants depending on an attenuation parameter (effective Q) and geometric spreading; and f(t) is a function of the instrument response and a (weak) function of the scattering process. This relationship is different from the empirical one generally used ML = a0 + a1 log τ + a2(log τ)2 + a3Δ, where τ is the duration measured from the first P arrival time and Δ is epicentral distance in kilometers. In the theoretical relationship, the dependence on epicentral distance is implicit in t. The theoretical relationship is used to calculate a coda magnitude MC that is compared to ML for southern California earthquakes which occurred during the period from 1972 to 1975. This comparison is made independently at six stations of the CIT network. At all stations, a good linear fit (ML = C0 + C1MC) is obtained. The standard errors range from 0.2 to 0.3 and the correlation coefficients from 0.80 to 0.90. Once station gain is accounted for, station correction terms are less than 0.17 magnitude unit when comparing ML and Mc. Mc calculation is not limited to a duration measurement but can utilize the entire earthquake coda in order to increase by many times the statistical confidence in an estimate of an earthquake's magnitude.
Ground motion on alluvial valleys under incident plane SH waves
Authors: Sánchez-Sesma Francisco J. , Esquivel Jorge A.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A method is presented to compute the scattering and diffraction of harmonic SH waves by an arbitrarily shaped alluvial valley. The problem is formulated in terms of a system of Fredholm integral equations of the first kind with the integration paths outside the boundary. A discretization scheme using line source solutions is employed and the boundary conditions are satisfied in the least-squares sense. Numerical results for amplification spectra for different geometries are presented. Agreement with known analytical solutions is excellent.
Tectonic implications of seismicity in the Adak Canyon region, central Aleutians
Authors: LaForge R. , Engdahl E. R.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Adak local-network and teleseismically recorded data are used to describe shallow seismicity and tectonics in the Adak Canyon region of the central Aleutians. An examination of the locations and focal mechanisms of earthquakes up to 50 km in depth, occurring between July 1974 and December 1976, permits the subdivision of this activity into a northward dipping zone of thrusting and an overlying wedge-shaped zone of normal faulting. The thrust zone is characterized by an upper part which has been the source for all large thrust earthquakes occurring in the Adak region located with network data, and by a lower part representing a continuation of thrusting with smaller magnitude events. The wedge-shaped zone of low-level activity, in which east-west extension predominates, is found above and to the north of the thrust zone. The location, dimensions, and focal mechanisms of this region of normal faulting strongly suggest that Adak Canyon and similar features found to the west across the arc are caused by lateral extension of the overriding plate.

A Ms 7.1 shallow thrust event and four major aftershocks that occurred in the Adak Canyon region in May 1971 have been relocated by the master-event technique. The relocated sequence forms a tight cluster, about 20 km in diameter, and appears to be associated with the trenchward part of the thrust zone. This series of events lies in the center of a gap in recent large-magnitude seismicity.
Time-domain attenuation measurements for fundamental spheroidal modes (0S6 to 0S28) for the 1977 Indonesian earthquake
Authors: Geller Robert J. , Stein Seth
Published: September 2021

abstract

Using ultra-long period records of the 1977 Indonesian earthquake from seven IDA stations, we have measured the attenuation of fundamental spheroidal modes from 0S6 to 0S28. We determine the attenuation of each mode using a time domain technique which minimizes the effects of noise on the measurements. These measurements are the first attenuation data for these modes from multiple ultra-long period records of a single earthquake. Our results are in good general agreement with single station attenuation measurements from the UCLA gravimeter records of the Alaskan earthquake. They show systematically lower Q-1(less attenuation) than results from stacking WWSSN records.
Mechanism of the main shock and the aftershock study of the Tabas-e-Golshan (Iran) earthquake of September 16, 1978: A preliminary report
Authors: Berberian M. , Asudeh I. , Bilham R. G. , Scholz C. H. , Soufleris C.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Aftershocks of the Tabas-e-Golshan earthquake (Ms = 7.7) of September 16, 1978 were recorded with a local network of portable seismometers. The main shock produced a discontinuous series of surface ruptures extending 85 km NNW and dipping ENE beneath the Shotori Range. The largest aftershocks located thus far are not concentrated in the hypocentral region of the main shock nor near the ends of the rupture zone but appear to be concentrated down-dip from gaps in the surface ruptures. This suggests that these features may extend to depth and act as barrier zones in the rupture process.

The 65 km long zone of aftershock activity dips 40°ENE from the surface break, which agrees with the focal mechanism for the main shock in indicating thrusting on a NNW-striking, ENE-dipping fault. The aftershocks range in depth from 2 to 24 km with greatest concentration in the depth range 5 to 10 km.
Anomalous surface waves from underground explosions
Authors: Rygg Eivind
Published: September 2021

abstract

The Rayleigh waves at Δ ∼40° from an eastern Kazakh explosion are shown to be polarity reversed and delayed relative to the Rayleigh waves from two other explosions of comparable magnitudes in the same area. The event generating the anomalous Rayleigh waves excited very strong Love waves which were not delayed. The Rayleigh wave phase reversal is shown to be a source phenomenon and it is suggested that in this particular case, spall closure was responsible for a major part of the Rayleigh-wave generation.
Attenuation of intensities in the United States
Authors: Chandra Umesh
Published: September 2021

abstract

Isoseismal maps for a number of earthquakes were analyzed to study the attenuation of intensities with distance for different regions of the United States. A graphical method for the estimation of an initial set of epicentral intensities, Io, from the intensity-distance plot for different earthquakes was used, thus avoiding the need to equate the maximum reported or mapped intensity with Io. The attenuation relations were derived by using an iterative least-squares fit procedure, wherein an initial approximate estimate of Io for each earthquake is successively improved. As a by-product, the analysis yielded improved estimates of Io for each earthquake. These Io values were used to derive empirical relations between felt area and epicentral intensities for different regions.
Whitewashing of Social Work History
Authors: Wright Kelechi C. , Carr Kortney Angela , Akkin Becci A.
Published: September 2021

Severe racial inequity has characterized the incorporation of ethnic minorities’ contributions to U.S. history and advancements (Sandoval et al., 2016). These disparities are inextricably connected to White Supremacist ideologies and practices, and are perpetuated in higher education through textbooks, pedagogy, and research. Social work, like many disciplines, teaches about its early roots with a whitewashed historical lens. Indeed, review of the social work literature reveals the scarcity of attributions to Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC). Without a more racially diverse perspective on social work’s history, social work scholars promote and sustain White Supremacy. The implications of this are crucial since social work education is predominantly populated by privileged White students who adopt this mentality, unaware of Black, Brown, Latino, Asian, Native or Other ethnic “Jane Addams” who have massively promoted the social welfare of communities for decades without historical recognition or the privileged positions of Addams and Richmond. Historical distortions also potentially discourage BIPOC social work students’ self-efficacy and future efforts to contribute and excel in the discipline. To properly address this issue, social work history must be refaced with a more equitable and just lens. This review seeks to address the gap in the literature pertaining to the need for a greater integration and infusion of racially diverse social work historical contributions in several ways. Recommendations will be made for future research in this area to dismantle racist perspectives in social work history, and strategies will be offered to help social work educators and researchers address this critical issue.
Using a Transdiagnostic Perspective to Disrupt White Supremacist Applications of the DSM
Authors: Riquino Michael R. , Nguyen Van L. , Reese Sarah E. , Molloy Jen
Published: September 2021

White supremacist applications of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) result in the disproportionate labeling of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color as violent or severely mentally ill. Racial diagnostic disparities and misdiagnoses are endemic in social work practice, in part because of the DSM’s categorical classification system, which encourages reductive thinking and reinforces implicit racial biases. While courses on psychopathology are common requirements for clinical field placements, the mental health field’s reliance on the DSM often contradicts antiracist curricula. In an effort to address this paradox, we utilize pedagogical approaches that seek to critique and deconstruct White Supremacist applications of the DSM while simultaneously preparing students to enter a field that relies so heavily on diagnostic labels. This is done in part by teaching students to shirk the DSM’s categorical perspective in favor of a transdiagnostic perspective—identifying symptoms or traits underlying human suffering that occur across diagnostic categories and are informed by macro systems of privilege and oppression. Teaching students to adopt a transdiagnostic perspective may disrupt White Supremacist practices in diagnostics by encouraging an acknowledgement of multisystem factors underlying human suffering without relying on discrete diagnostic categories that are prone to racial interpretations.
Wrestling the Elephant
Authors: Mak Carolyn , Mucina Mandeep Kaur , Ferguson Renée Nichole
Published: September 2021

White supremacist ideology is the elephant in the social work classroom, negatively impacting educators’ abilities to facilitate discussion and learning. One of the most effective ways to dismantle and organize against white supremacy is to politicize the seemingly benign moments that occur in the classroom that can create discomfort for students and instructors. Politicization includes identifying and addressing both the racial (micro-) aggressions that occur in the classroom and the processes and institutional policies that create complacency and lull us to sleep. In this conceptual piece, we use a Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework to understand how white supremacy perpetuates itself in the classroom, with a particular focus on whiteness as property. As well, we explore what it means to decolonize the classroom. Using a vignette based on our teaching experiences, we use these two frameworks to analyze classroom dynamics and interactions, and discuss how implications for social work education include waking from the metaphorical sleep to recognize the pernicious effects of whiteness and white supremacy. Included are practical individual teaching, relational, and systemic suggestions to enact change.
Medication overuse headache : The effectivity of IV lidocaine – magnesium
Authors: Tepe Nermin , Tertemiz Oktay Faysal
Published: September 2021

The detoxification process in medication overuse headache is the most difficult process for the patient. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the combination of low dose IV lidocaine and magnesium (100 mg lidocaine and 1.25 mg magnesium) in patients with medication overuse headache during the detoxification process. A total of 30 patients were included in the study; 15 received 24 hours of IV hydration, 15 received 1-hour lidocaine-magnesium infusion at the onset of pain in addition to the 24 hours of IV hydration. Headache severity (numeric rating scale, NRS), attack durations, onset of headache, monthly analgesic/triptan intakes, numbers of monthly headache days data were documented. We evaluated the severity of headache before and after daily treatment of two groups for one week. When both groups were compared, there was no significant difference in the pre-treatment NRS values, whe­reas, in the group receiving IV lidocaine-magnesium combination, there was a statistically significant decrease in the post-treatment NRS values in the first five days (p <0.05). An 1-hour combined infusion of lidocaine-magnesium may be considered as an alternative option for the patient to have a more quality detoxification process during the hospital stay, so that in parallel to the reduction in the use of multiple treatments (such as neuroleptics, benzodiazepines, antiemetics and opioids) and duration length of stay, the economic costs can also be reduced. The administration of combination will bring fewer side effects compared to their administration separately.
An observational study on Awareness of Teratogenic drugs among Undergraduate Medical Students from two medical institutes of Central India
Authors: Kushwah Devendra Singh , Kushwah Beenu
Published: September 2021

Background: Teratogenicity caused by drugs can be avoided to major extent just by creating more awareness about rational use of drugs among treating doctors. Deleterious effects of a drug upon developing foetus are directly related with the stage of embryological development at the time of exposure. Attainment of right knowledge at right time about teratogenicity of a particular drug is very crucial which requires more awareness among general doctors in a country like India where most of the pregnant females are manged by these doctors only in peripheral regions. Present study was an observational study to assess basic knowledge of undergraduate medical students regarding teratogenicity in order to make necessary changes in existing mode of training of this particular topic.Methods: Present study was a questionnaire based cross sectional observational study to assess basic knowledge of undergraduate medical students regarding different aspects of teratogenicity. It included 250 students of two medical colleges of central India.Results: Out of 250 students 146 students reported on time. Maximum students (71%) were aware about the teratogenicity property of certain harmful drugs. Although 90% of students knew that early first trimester is the most susceptible time, only 21% could state the importance of doing counselling regarding use of drugs even before pregnancy.Conclusions: Based on the findings of present study it is obvious that more emphasis should be put on improving knowledge about teratogenic drugs during early years of medical training in order to bring about necessary changes in existing practices of treating doctors.