bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Compensation for Delay and Settlement of Disputes Clauses in CPWD Contract Guidelines
Authors: Anil Neethu Elsa , Kassim Reshma , Varghese Sinu Philip
Published: April 2021

The construction industry is an industry where multiple parties are involved in the completion of a project. Risks in the construction industry include both threats to and opportunities in a project. The majority of construction works in India are modeled on General Conditions of Contract (GCC) formulated by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD). Public Works Contracts have many limitations and are prone to disputes. This paper analyses clause 2, 5, and 25 of CPWD GCC 2020. They are clauses on compensation for the delay, time and extension for the delay, and settlement of disputes and arbitration. This paper aims to study the remedy for delay and disruption according to clauses in CPWD GCC and to make recommendations for optimal and effective contract management from the data collected through the survey. A questionnaire is prepared on these 3 clauses and the responses are analyzed and recommendations are made based on the responses collected.
Keynote Speech: Climate and Construction: Chained by Carbon – A Perspective
Authors: Neithalath Narayanan
Published: April 2021

The enormous amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted by various industries have resulted in global climate imbalance. The United Nations report that carbon dioxide levels have pushed passed another record threshold, after rising in 2019 at a rate faster than the average for the last 10 years. Climate impacts are compounding threats to human health, security and economic stability posed by COVID-19. Even with pandemic lockdowns slowing economic activity, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have continued to rise. It is now well known that, to limit global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius, global emissions must be reduced by 45% by 2030, from 2010 levels. This can be accomplished only through a collective effort where anthropogenic and natural systems are harmonized. From a perspective of construction, a large industry responsible for the well-being and progress of humanity, many actions can be adopted, some of which are listed here.
Keynote Speech: Technologies for Smart Transportation
Authors: S.P. Anusha
Published: April 2021

The application of ITS is in an infant stage in India. The traffic stream in the western countries are lane based in nature with the major traffic composition including cars and a fewer percentage of trucks, which makes the data collection from the detectors less challenging. However, the Indian traffic being composed of different varieties of vehicles such as two-wheelers, three-wheelers, cars, buses and trucks moving without any lane disciplines makes the data collection a challenging task. Identification of suitable sensors for data collection under Indian traffic conditions by itself is a challenge. Numerous researches are currently being carried out to analyse the effectiveness of sensors for data collection under Indian traffic conditions such as Bluetooth sensors, Wi-Fi sensors, RFID sensors etc.
Phenological features of the growth and development of Itoh Group peony cultivars in the conditions of the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Authors: Shcherbakova T. O. , Gorobets V. F.
Published: April 2021

Purpose. To reveal the peculiarities of the seasonal rhythm of growth and development of Itoh Group peony cultivars in the conditions of the M. M. Hryshko National Botanical Garden National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Methods. The objects of research were plants of 24 cultivars of Itoh Group peonies. The research was conducted on the experimental field of the Department of Flowering and Ornamental Plants of the M. M. Hryshko National Botanical Garden National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine during 2017–2020. The sum of effective temperatures was calculated by summing the daily air temperatures reduced by the biological zero.                
Results. The phenological phases of Ito Group cultivars growth were determined. Phenological spectra for different groups are presented. It was determined that the flowering of early cultivars: ‘First Arrival’, ‘Hillary’, ‘Julia Rose’, ‘Morning Lilac’, ‘Old Rose Dandy’, ‘Sonoma Apricot’ starts at the sum of effective temperatures ≥ 400 °С. The middle group hybrids bloom when the sum of temperatures reaches 450 °С. This group includes: ‘Bartzella’, ‘Callie’s Memory’, ‘Cora Louise’, ‘Lollipop’, ‘Scarlet Heaven’, ‘Sonoma Velvet Ruby’, ‘Yellow Dream’, ‘Yellow Emperor’, ‘Yellow Heaven’, ‘Yellow Waterlily’. Late flowering group includes: ‘Border Charm’, ‘Garden Treasure’, ‘Kopper Kettle’, ‘Pastel Splendor’, ‘Prairie Charm’, ‘Viking Full Moon’, ‘White Emperor’, ‘Yankee Doodle Dandy’; accumulation of effective temperatures above 500 °С is an essential requirement for their flowering.
Conclusions. Itoh Group cultivars successfully pass all phases of seasonal development and manage to complete the growing season. Cultivars belong to the spring-summer-autumn-green phenorhythmotype. The onset of the corresponding phenological phases in peonies of the studied group of cultivars requires a certain sum of effective temperatures. Plant outgrowth begins on March 23 – April 2, when the sum of effective temperatures ranges from 20–40 °С. The flowering of varieties characterized as late spring, lasts 6–9 days ± 3–4 days, depending on the varietal characteristics and the year of cultivation. A rapid increase in the sum of effective temperatures up to 700 °C shortens the flowering phase by 4–5 days. An assortment of early (May 22–25 ± 2–3 days), medium (May 26–28 ± 3–5 days) and late-flowering (May 29–31 ± 4–6 days) cultivars has been selected, what ensures the continuity of peony flowering during two months.
A new multiple purposes variety of industrial hemp ‘Artemida’ with a high oil content and fiber quality
Authors: Mishchenko S. V. , Kyrychenko H. I. , Laiko I. M.
Published: April 2021

Purpose. Creation of industrial hemp variety of multiple purposes with the absence of cannabinoid compounds, high oil content in seeds and fiber quality.
Methods. Bree­ding (self-pollination, varietal-linear hybridization in the conditions of a vegetation house, selection), field, laboratory, instrumental-technological assessment of fiber quality, mathematical statistics.
Results. The ‘Artemida’ variety was created as a result of hybridization of the ‘Hlesiia’ variety with the self-pollinated line of the sixth generation of the ‘Zolotoniski 15’ variety and selection for stabilization of high productivity traits and improvement of quality trait of hemp production. The variety belongs to the medium-ripe group; the growing season is 94 days before the phase of technological maturity and 118 days before the phase of biological maturity. When grown for fiber, the variety had a higher fiber yield (2.56 t/ha), the yield of all fiber (30.4% and including long fiber 27.6%). When grown for fiber and seeds, the plant is significantly inferior in height, which is positive for harves­ting seeds with a combine harvester, has a significantly higher seed yield (1.29 t/ha), oil content (36.8%) and fiber yield (2.01 t/ha) in comparison with the standard of the varie­ty ‘Hliana’. The analysis of the correspondence between the empirical and theoretical distribution of such a trait as the oil content in the seeds of elite plants of the ‘Artemida’ variety indicates its high stability. A notable feature of the variety is the formation of friendly seedlings and intensive plant growth at the beginning of the growing season, which helps to reduce the weediness of crops. 
Conclusions. The new variety of hemp ‘Artemida’ of multiple purposes belongs to the Central European ecological and geographical type, although created as a result of varietal-linear hybridization of different types with selection on the basis of productivity, is characte­rized by complete absence of cannabinoid compounds, high oil content and fiber quality. The variety is recommended for growing for fiber and seeds. Due to its high yield potential, it is competitive in the industrial hemp market.
Şiddet Sarmalı İçinden Siber Zorbalık: Bir Gözden Geçirme
Authors: Türk Burcu , Şenyuva Gülçin
Published: April 2021

Siber zorbalık, bir birey veya grup tarafından bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin diğer bireylere zarar vermek amacıyla tekrarlayıcı biçimde ve kötü niyetle kullanılması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Siber zorbalık, bilişim ve iletişim teknolojilerinin kullanımını içermekle birlikte farklı şekillerde karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. Siber zorbalığın pek çok şekilde ve günün herhangi bir saatinde kolayca gerçekleşebiliyor olması aslında büyük zorluklara neden olmaktadır. Hem Türkiye’de hem dünyada yapılan araştırmalara bakıldığında siber zorbalığın önemli bir sorun olduğu ve gün geçtikçe yaygınlaştığı dikkati çekmektedir. Araştırmalara bakıldığında bireyleri zorbalık yapmaya iten farklı nedenlerin bulunduğu ve birçok faktörün bir araya gelmesiyle siber zorbalığın gerçekleştiğini ifade etmek mümkündür. Siber zorbalığın her ne şekilde gerçekleşirse gerçekleşsin bireyler üzerinde pek çok olumsuz etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerine ulaşımın kolay ve vazgeçilmez olduğu düşünüldüğünde böylesi yaygın bir sorunun önlenmesi için toplumdaki her bireyin farkındalık sahibi olmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Macro and microeconomic analysis of the impact of the covid-19 pandemic in Chile and the projections of the central bank's
Authors: Barra Novoa Rodrigo
Published: April 2021

This article offers a first approximation of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Chilean macro and microeconomic environment, using representative data from the latest formal surveys in the country. Here, the number of active firms plummeted in part due to the social crisis that began on October 18, 2019, and losses were felt in most industries due to the pandemic crisis that continues to generate job losses and low business profitability. These first results have implications for central bank policies and can predict medium and medium-term projections, especially for the country's economic and social growth.
Social change and marriage structure in Nigeria
Authors: Esiri May Omogho
Published: April 2021

Marriage as a social institution has undergone changes in structure in contemporary Nigeria. Whether in simple or complex societies, social change is a universal phenomenon. In most cultural groups in indigenous Nigeria, marriage is usually an arrangement between two individuals. As a result there is pressure on the spouses to make the marriage a success bearing in mind the fact that any problem will usually affect both families and strain the otherwise cordial relationship between them. Again, polygyny commonly known as polygamy is the most practiced marriage system. However, the marriage structure in Nigeria today has not been the same. It is found in the name of modernization or civilization that a girl and a boy may decide to marry away from their parents’ place of residence and without their consent. Monogamous marriage is now increasingly encouraged and practiced. The paper thus examines the extent of social change in the Nigerian marriage structure.
Pengaruh Jenis Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bulun dan Performa Love Bird
Authors: Panggayu Drajad Adi , Widodo Eko
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pakan terhadap pertumbuhan bulu, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi dan koversi pakan pada love bird serta memberi rekomendasi pakan yang terbaik dan efisien untuk digunakan oleh peternak. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan metode RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap). Perlakuan terdiri dari 3 jenis pakan (Nutribird A21, Y, Z), masing-masing diulang 7x dan setiap ulangan 1 ekor sehingga diperoleh 21 unit percobaan. Penelitian dilakukan selama 4 minggu. Data hasil penelitian diuji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara kualitatif deskriptif ada perbedaan pertumbuhan bulu namun dari variabel bobot badan dan efisiensi pakan tidak ada pengaruh yang berbeda nyata. Kesimpulannya adalah P1 (Nutribird A21) dengan pertumbuhan bulu yang lebat, indah dan mengkilap, dapat disarankan untuk digunakan peternak.
Variasi Genotip Lokal Tanaman Centro (Centrosema Pubescens) Sebagai Pakan Ternak
Authors: Sulistyo Hanief Eko , Mustofa Imam Tatang
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memberikan informasi keragaman karakter kuantitatif produksi hijauan pakan ternak pada genotip lokal Centro (Centrosema pubescens) sebagai materi seleksi perbaikan genetik tanaman. Materi yang digunakan adalah biji tanaman Centro yang didapat dari Sragen, Kebumen, Bogor, Probolinggo, Malang 1 dan Malang 2. Metode penelitian menggunakan perlakuan biji tanaman Centro yang kemudian ditanam dalam satu petakan. Parameter yang diukur adalah Panjang batang, jumlah daun dan berat hijaun pada umur 80 hari. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu nilai ragam yang dibandingkan dengan nilai standar devisiasi sehingga dapat menentukan luas dan sempitnya nilai keragaman. Hasil studi menunjukkan keragaman genotip Malang 1, Probolinggo, Sragen, Bogor dan Kebumen termasuk dalam kategori keragaman luas, sedangkan genotip Malang 2 termasuk dalam keragaman sempit pada karakter hijauan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu genotip pada Centrosema pubescens dapat dijadikan materi seleksi untuk pemuliaan hijauan pakan ternak. Pada karakter jumlah daun dan Panjang batang dapat dilakukan seleksi dari biji tanmaan yang didapat di Kebumen, sedangkan pada Panjang batang dari Bogor.
Prediksi Harga Jagung Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Time Series Dengan Atau Tanpa Menggunakan Markov Chain
Authors: Adli Danung Nur
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan memprediksi harga pakan jagung menggunakan salah satu model matematika yang disebut fuzzy time series. Data yang didapatkan yaitu data historis atau rentan waktu dari berbagai literasi seperti hargaweb.id, jagungbisi.com, dan BPS dari tahun 2020-2021, kuarter pertama. Data tersebut nantinya akan dijadikan bahan perhitungan. Data dianalisa menggunakan R Studio. Kemudian algoritma fuzzy time series. hasil penelitian fuzzy time series menghasilkan prediksi harga pada jagung menggunakan time series. Memprediksi harga akan cenderung berubah dari kisaran Rp/ 4.000-4.400,- yang mana tingkat error hanya ada di level 8,23.Logika fuzzy atau time series mampu menyajikan prediksi harga jagung pada tahun 2020-2021 dengan keakuratan dengan tingkat error 8.23% artinya tidak berbeda jauh. Kedepannya banyak model matematika yang bisa digunakan untuk memprediksi dari harga bahan baku atau aspek lainnya pada industri peternakan.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN WEBSITE DJP TERHADAP KEPUASAN PENGGUNA DENGAN MODIFIKASI E GOVQUAL
Authors: Putri Sekti Ari Dessanti , Hanum Latifah
Published: April 2021

One of the DGT e-government is the DGT website.. The DGT website contains the latest information on taxes , announcements, tax applications, the latest laws and regulations, press releases, DGT activities, customer service, and information about the DGT organizational structure. The existence of the website is expected to facilitate communication between taxpayers and the tax authorities as well as a means of facilitating the public to get the latest information related to taxation in Indonesia. However, some people still complain about this website service, one of which is that the website is still difficult to access. This complaint can potentially reduce user satisfaction. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of service quality on user satisfaction of the DGT website with e govqual modification. The dimensions used to measure this service's quality are efficiency, trust, reliability, citizen support, and system quality. Students are one of the DGT website users. Therefore, the population in this study were active undergraduate taxation students. The sampling method used was a random sampling system. This study uses an online survey to obtain data. The statistical tool used in this research is the SmartPLS program. This study's results indicate that each of the e govqual dimensions and its significant modification forms the system quality variable. And system quality variables affect user satisfaction.
ECOLODGE SEBAGAI SARANA AKOMODASI PARIWISATA BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Aprilia Kumaji Rahma , Hakim Luchman , Pangestuti Edriana
Published: April 2021

Ecotourism needs accommodation that simple, comfortable, provides unique nature experience, and of course ecologically acceptable. Ecolodges is one of the options for tourist who wants their accomodation to be environmentally friendly. That is why, ecolodge needs to be managed with sustainability principles. This literature review uses a systematic literature review approach. Empirical articles on the topic of ecolodge published between 2009 and 2019 were obtained from three reputable journal portals, totaling 56 articles. The articles are reduced to nine articles which are empirical articles, in English, and having ecolodge as the object of their research. The purpose of this literature review is to see the results of Ecolodge related research that has been conducted. This paper finds that several studies highlight the importance of standardization, solid governance, and partnership for ecolodge development. Other researches addresses the importance of local communities' perception and their capacity building development. Some studies also specifically address ecolodge as a form of indigenous tourism. Findings from several studies also indicate the importance of consumer satisfaction for effectiveness and efficiency in ecolodge management. This paper suggests that in future research directions should be conducted with more involvement from other stakeholders to evaluate ecolodge performance in various aspects.
KEY DRIVER OF KNOWLEDGE WORKER PRODUCTIVITY: THE ROLES OF PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT 2.0 AND DIGITAL COMPETENCE
Authors: Prakasa Yudha , Siti Astuti Endang , Damayanti Alifah
Published: April 2021

This research aims to know and explain whether there is a simultaneous influence between Personal Knowledge Management 2.0 (X1) and Digital Competence (X2) on Knowledge Worker Productivity (Y), and the partial influence between Personal Knowledge Management 2.0 (X1) on Knowledge Worker Productivity (Y) and Digital Competence (X2) on Knowledge Worker Productivity (Y). This research is quantitative research and the research type is explanatory research. The number of samples in this study was 50 persons of employees in PT Alpha Teknologi Indonesia Malang. The sampling technique used is census sampling. Sources of data in this study were obtained from the primary data by spreading questionnaires to the respondents and secondary data derived from the documentation. The measurement scale used in this reseach is Likert scale. This research using descriptive statistics analysis and multiple linier regression analysis with a classic assumption test. Data on this research is processed using SPSS 23 for Windows.
PENGARUH KINERJA DRIVER DAN FASILITAS APLIKASI TERHADAP LOYALITAS MELALUI KEPUASAN PELANGGAN (Studi Kasus Gojek Kota Malang)
Authors:   Universitas Islam Malang, Nikin Hardati Ratna
Published: April 2021

Gojek, an online transportation service provider, is a social-spirited company that is leading the revolution in the ojek transportation industry. Gojek partners with experienced ojek riders to be the main solution in shipping goods, ordering food delivery, shopping and traveling in a traffic jam. The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of: Driver Performance on Customer Satisfaction, Effect of Application Facilities on Customer Satisfaction and Effect of Driver Performance and Application Facilities on Loyalty through Customer Satisfaction. This research is a quantitative research. The research population is Gojek customers in Malang City. The number of samples used was determined by the Proportional Random Sampling technique. Data analysis using the path analysis method (Path Analysis). The results showed that there was a significant influence between the performance of the driver on customer satisfaction Gojek; There is a significant influence between facilities on customer satisfaction Gojek; There is a significant influence between driver performance and facilities simultaneously on customer satisfaction) Gojek; There is a significant influence between driver performance on customer loyalty Gojek; The existence of insignificant influence between facilities on customer loyalty Gojek; There is a significant influence between satisfaction on customer loyalty Gojek; and the existence of significant influence between the effect of driver performance, facilities, and satisfaction simultaneously on Gojek customer loyalty.
Hot Water Preparation along with Combined Solar Thermochemical Energy Storage System: Experimental Validation and Performance Simulation
Authors:   Department of Thermodynamics and Mathematical Physics, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, Mons, Belgium, Skrylnyk Oleksandr , Courbon Emilie ,   Department of Thermodynamics and Mathematical Physics, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, Mons, Belgium, Heymans Nicolas ,   Department of Thermodynamics and Mathematical Physics, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, Mons, Belgium, Frère Marc ,   Department of Thermodynamics and Mathematical Physics, University of Mons, Boulevard Dolez 31, Mons, Belgium
Published: April 2021

Hybrid solar thermal systems are considered to be a promising solution for delivering clean thermal energy for the building sector, especially while combining them with other renewable energy sources. Usually, solar energy production does not match the thermal energy demand, and hence the energy storage must be integrated. Thermochemical energy storage is adapted particularly to be used along with solar thermal applications. In this article, the design of the combined solar thermochemical energy storage system is presented. The experimental prototype was built and tested within atmospheric conditions. The model of the thermochemical reactor was developed using Matlab® and it was validated by the experimental data. The dynamic simulations of the combined solar thermal system for the preparation of domestic hot water were carried out in the TRNSYS environment. The experimental energy storage density of the fully dehydrated material under non-equilibrium conditions was measured between 102 and 158 kWh/m³. Dynamic simulations performed in a broader scope of climate conditions showed that the energy storage density in the material under non-equilibrium conditions could vary between 71 and 247 kWh/m³.
Prediction and Feature Importance Analysis for Severity of COVID-19 in South Korea Using Artificial Intelligence: Model Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Chung Heewon , Ko Hoon , Kang Wu Seong , Kim Kyung Won , Lee Hooseok , Park Chul , Song Hyun-Ok , Choi Tae-Young , Seo Jae Ho , Lee Jinseok
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The number of deaths from COVID-19 continues to surge worldwide. In particular, if a patient’s condition is sufficiently severe to require invasive ventilation, it is more likely to lead to death than to recovery.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of our study was to analyze the factors related to COVID-19 severity in patients and to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict the severity of COVID-19 at an early stage.

METHODS

We developed an AI model that predicts severity based on data from 5601 COVID-19 patients from all national and regional hospitals across South Korea as of April 2020. The clinical severity of COVID-19 was divided into two categories: low and high severity. The condition of patients in the low-severity group corresponded to no limit of activity, oxygen support with nasal prong or facial mask, and noninvasive ventilation. The condition of patients in the high-severity group corresponded to invasive ventilation, multi-organ failure with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation required, and death. For the AI model input, we used 37 variables from the medical records, including basic patient information, a physical index, initial examination findings, clinical findings, comorbid diseases, and general blood test results at an early stage. Feature importance analysis was performed with AdaBoost, random forest, and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost); the AI model for predicting COVID-19 severity among patients was developed with a 5-layer deep neural network (DNN) with the 20 most important features, which were selected based on ranked feature importance analysis of 37 features from the comprehensive data set. The selection procedure was performed using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, balanced accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC).

RESULTS

We found that age was the most important factor for predicting disease severity, followed by lymphocyte level, platelet count, and shortness of breath or dyspnea. Our proposed 5-layer DNN with the 20 most important features provided high sensitivity (90.2%), specificity (90.4%), accuracy (90.4%), balanced accuracy (90.3%), and AUC (0.96).

CONCLUSIONS

Our proposed AI model with the selected features was able to predict the severity of COVID-19 accurately. We also made a web application so that anyone can access the model. We believe that sharing the AI model with the public will be helpful in validating and improving its performance.
Self-Reported Preferences for Help-Seeking and Barriers to Using Mental Health Supports Among Internal Medicine Residents: Exploratory Use of an Econometric Best-Worst Scaling Framework for Gathering Physician Wellness Preferences (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Andrew , Radhakrishnan Varsha , Targan Elizabeth , Scarella Timothy M , Torous John , Hill Kevin P
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Burnout interventions are limited by low use. Understanding resident physician preferences for burnout interventions may increase utilization and improve the assessment of these interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to use an econometric best-worst scaling (BWS) framework to survey internal medicine resident physicians to establish help-seeking preferences for burnout and barriers to using wellness supports by quantifying selections for 7 wellness support options and 7 barriers.

METHODS

Internal medicine resident physicians at our institution completed an anonymous web-based BWS survey during the 2020-2021 academic year. This cross-sectional study was analyzed with multinomial logistic regression and latent class modeling to determine the relative rank ordering of factors for seeking support for burnout and barriers to using wellness supports. Analysis of variance with Tukey honest significant difference posthoc test was used to analyze differences in mean utility scores representing choice for barriers and support options.

RESULTS

Of the 163 invited residents, 77 (47.2% response rate) completed the survey. Top-ranking factors for seeking wellness supports included seeking informal peer support (best: 71%; worst: 0.6%) and support from friends and family (best: 70%; worst: 1.6%). Top-ranking barriers to seeking counseling included time (best: 75%; worst: 5%) and money (best: 35%; worst: 21%).

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, our findings suggest that low utilization of formal mental health support is reflective of resident preferences to seek help informally and that increasing utilization will require addressing pragmatic barriers of time and cost. Assessing physician preferences for wellness-related initiatives may contribute to understanding the low utilization of formal mental health services among physicians, which can be determined using a BWS framework.

CLINICALTRIAL
Preferences of the Public for Sharing Health Data: Discrete Choice Experiment (Preprint)
Authors: Viberg Johansson Jennifer , Bentzen Heidi Beate , Shah Nisha , Haraldsdóttir Eik , Jónsdóttir Guðbjörg Andrea , Kaye Jane , Mascalzoni Deborah , Veldwijk Jorien
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Digital technological development in the last 20 years has led to significant growth in digital collection, use, and sharing of health data. To maintain public trust in the digital society and to enable acceptable policy-making in the future, it is important to investigate people’s preferences for sharing digital health data.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to elicit the preferences of the public in different Northern European countries (the United Kingdom, Norway, Iceland, and Sweden) for sharing health information in different contexts.

METHODS

Respondents in this discrete choice experiment completed several choice tasks, in which they were asked if data sharing in the described hypothetical situation was acceptable to them. Latent class logistic regression models were used to determine attribute-level estimates and heterogeneity in preferences. We calculated the relative importance of the attributes and the predicted acceptability for different contexts in which the data were shared from the estimates.

RESULTS

In the final analysis, we used 37.83% (1967/5199) questionnaires. All attributes influenced the respondents’ willingness to share health information (P<.001). The most important attribute was whether the respondents were informed about their data being shared. The possibility of opting out from sharing data was preferred over the opportunity to consent (opt-in). Four classes were identified in the latent class model, and the average probabilities of belonging were 27% for class 1, 32% for class 2, 23% for class 3, and 18% for class 4. The uptake probability varied between 14% and 85%, depending on the least to most preferred combination of levels.

CONCLUSIONS

Respondents from different countries have different preferences for sharing their health data regarding the value of a review process and the reason for their new use. Offering respondents information about the use of their data and the possibility to opt out is the most preferred governance mechanism.
Design and First Impressions of a Small Private Online Course in Clinical Workplace Learning: Questionnaire and Interview Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hamoen Esther C , De Jong Peter G M , Van Blankenstein Floris M , Reinders Marlies E J
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Clinical workplace learning takes place in a dynamic and complex learning environment that is designated as a site for patient care and education. Challenges in clinical training can be overcome by implementing blended learning, as it offers flexible learning programs suitable for student-centered learning, web-based collaboration, and peer learning.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to evaluate the Small Private Online Course (SPOC) by interns’ first impressions and satisfaction measures (N=20) on using the SPOC. This study describes the design process of a SPOC from a theoretical and practical perspective and how it has been integrated into a clinical internship in internal medicine.

METHODS

The design of the SPOC was based on general theoretical principles that learning should be constructive, contextual, collaborative, and self-regulated, and the self-determination theory to stimulate intrinsic motivation. Interns’ impressions and level of satisfaction were evaluated with a web-based questionnaire and group interview.

RESULTS

Interns thought the web-based learning environment to be a useful and accessible alternative to improve knowledge and skills. Peer learning and web-based collaboration through peer interaction was perceived as less effective, as student feedback was felt inferior to teacher feedback. The interns would prefer more flexibility within the course, which could improve self-regulated learning and autonomy.

CONCLUSIONS

The evaluation shows that the SPOC is a useful and accessible addition to the clinical learning environment, providing an alternative opportunity to improve knowledge and skills. Further research is needed to improve web-based collaboration and interaction in our course.
Health Care Providers’ and Professionals’ Experiences With Telehealth Oncology Implementation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Turner Kea , Bobonis Babilonia Margarita , Naso Cristina , Nguyen Oliver , Gonzalez Brian D , Oswald Laura B , Robinson Edmondo , Elston Lafata Jennifer , Ferguson Robert J , Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Patel Krupal B , Hallanger-Johnson Julie , Aldawoodi Nasrin , Hong Young-Rock , Jim Heather S L , Spiess Philippe E
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Rapid implementation of telehealth for cancer care during COVID-19 required innovative and adaptive solutions among oncology health care providers and professionals (HPPs).

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this qualitative study was to explore oncology HPPs’ experiences with telehealth implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

This study was conducted at Moffitt Cancer Center (Moffitt), an NCI (National Cancer Institute)-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center. Prior to COVID-19, Moffitt piloted telehealth visits on a limited basis. After COVID-19, Moffitt rapidly expanded telehealth visits. Telehealth visits included real-time videoconferencing between HPPs and patients and virtual check-ins (ie, brief communication with an HPP by telephone only). We conducted semistructured interviews with 40 oncology HPPs who implemented telehealth during COVID-19. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed for themes using Dedoose software (version 4.12).

RESULTS

Approximately half of the 40 participants were physicians (n=22, 55%), and one-quarter of the participants were advanced practice providers (n=10, 25%). Other participants included social workers (n=3, 8%), psychologists (n=2, 5%), dieticians (n=2, 5%), and a pharmacist (n=1, 3%). Five key themes were identified: (1) establishing and maintaining patient-HPP relationships, (2) coordinating care with other HPPs and informal caregivers, (3) adapting in-person assessments for telehealth, (4) developing workflows and allocating resources, and (5) future recommendations. Participants described innovative strategies for implementing telehealth, such as coordinating interdisciplinary visits with multiple HPPs and inviting informal caregivers (eg, spouse) to participate in telehealth visits. Health care workers discussed key challenges, such as workflow integration, lack of physical exam and biometric data, and overcoming the digital divide (eg, telehealth accessibility among patients with communication-related disabilities). Participants recommended policy advocacy to support telehealth (eg, medical licensure policies) and monitoring how telehealth affects patient outcomes and health care delivery.

CONCLUSIONS

To support telehealth growth, implementation strategies are needed to ensure that HPPs and patients have the tools necessary to effectively engage in telehealth. At the same time, cancer care organizations will need to engage in advocacy to ensure that policies are supportive of oncology telehealth and develop systems to monitor the impact of telehealth on patient outcomes, health care quality, costs, and equity.
Influential Factors of Wearable Activity Trackers Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based On The Big Five Personality Traits (Preprint)
Authors: Li Zeming , Sun Xinying , Gao Darui , Fan Lishi , Chen Ping
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

In China, for most diabetic patients, wearable activity trackers are an innovative product that has not yet been generally accepted and used. Many studies have proved personality traits to affect patients' self-management behavior with chronic diseases, the willingness to adopt medical services, and willingness to use mobile healthcare equipment.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the influence of personality traits of type 2 diabetes patients on the use intention of the intelligent wearable device -- wearable activity trackers

METHODS

A self-designed questionnaire and Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory brief version (CBF-PI-B) were used to investigate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from 22 community health service stations affiliated to 4 community health service centers in Tongzhou District and Shunyi District of Beijing.

RESULTS

A total of 728 cases were included in this study. Monofactor analysis indicated differences between patients with different genders in neuroticism, individual innovation, and behavioral intention, differences between patients with different ages in neuroticism, openness, individual innovation, and privacy concerns, differences between patients with different degree of education in openness, extraversion, perceived ease of use, the individual innovation and social image, and differences between patients with different income levels in openness, extraversion, perceived ease of use and individual innovation. The structural equation showed that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, social image, and privacy concern had direct effects on behavioral intention (β=0.158, 0.223, 0.151, -0.657). Neuroticism had a positive impact on social image and privacy concerns (β=0.144, 0.154). Conscientiousness and openness had a positive influence on perceived ease of use (β=0.147, 0.142). Agreeableness showed negative impacts on both perceived ease of use and privacy concerns (β=-0.108, -0.251). Openness and extroversion both had a positive impact on individual innovation (β=0.149, 0.180) while openness generated a positive influence on social image (β=0.189).

CONCLUSIONS

Different personality traits had influences on individual innovation, privacy concerns and social image, and indirectly affect patients’ intention to use wearable activity trackers. Therefore, personalized guidance and health education could be carried out according to different personality traits when using intelligent wearable devices in the intervention of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Adapting game’s evaluation metrics to virtual reality serious games and its validation on “Hellblade: Senu’s Sacrifice” (Preprint)
Authors: Martinez Kim , Menéndez-Menéndez Maria Isabel , Checa David , Bustillo Andres
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

The design of Virtual Reality Serious Games (VR-SG) is a subject still developing. One of its open developments is the definition of metrics to evaluate the fun and learning result. In this way, weaknesses and strengths in the design of serious games can be found for future works in this research field.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to create a metric that can be used to rate the gameplay of VR-SG. This metric’s novelty allows to evaluate the different fun and learning features and give them a quantitative rating. A study case shows the capability of implementing this evaluation to identify strengths and weaknesses of VR-SGs.

METHODS

The new VR-SG metric is developed on the basis of the Mechanics, Dynamics and Aesthetic (MDA) framework but including User Experience (UX) elements and adapting them to VR-SG. This metric includes 1) UX aspects: VR-headsets, training tutorials and interactive adaptions to avoid VR inconveniences; and 2) MDA aspects: exclusive VR audiovisual elements and its aesthetics interactions.

RESULTS

The selected indie serious game is Hellblade, developed to raise awareness about the difficulties of people suffering from psychosis with two versions: one for 2D-screens and the other for VR devices. The comparison of metric´s scores for both versions shows: 1) some VR dynamics increase the gameplay impact and therefore, the educational capacity; and 2) flaws in game design where the scores drop down. Some of these flaws are: reduced number of levels, missions and items, lack of a tutorial to enhance usability and lack of strategies and rewards in the long-term to increase motivation.

CONCLUSIONS

This metric allows to identify the elements of the gameplay and UX that are necessary to learn in VR experiences. The study case shows this research is useful to evaluate the educational utility of VR-SG. Further works will analyze VR applications to synthetize every game element influencing its intrinsic sensations.

CLINICALTRIAL

The trials have not been registered, as testing for this metric has not involved people with mental conditions or addressed other medical applications. Hellblade is a commercial video game that anyone can purchase and play. The trials have been carried out to obtain results on the gaming experience of different people in relation to the educational purpose of raising awareness of psychosis.
Patients’ Perspectives on Transforming Clinical Trial Participation: Large Online Vignette-based Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Nguyen Van Thu , Ravaud Philippe , Tran Viet Thi , Young Bridget , Boutron Isabelle
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Patients’ participation is crucial to the success of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, recruiting and retaining patients in trials remain a challenge.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe patients’ preferences for the organization of RCTs (visits on- site or remotely) and evaluate the potential impact of fulfilling preferences on their willingness to participate in a clinical trial.

METHODS

This was a vignette-based survey. Vignettes were case scenarios of real clinical trials assessing pharmacological treatments. These RCTs evaluated 6 prevalent chronic diseases (ie, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and endometriosis). Each vignette described (1) the RCT and characteristics of the treatment tested (ie, doses, administration routes) and (2) the trial procedures and different options (on-site or remotely) for how the trial was organized for informed consent, follow-up visits, and communication of results when the trial was completed. We recruited 628 participants from ComPaRe (www.compare.aphp.fr), a French e-cohort of patients with chronic diseases. The outcomes were the participants’ preferences for the way the trial was organized (on-site or remotely) and their willingness to participate in the trial.

RESULTS

Of the 628 participants who answered the vignettes, 491 (78.2%) were female (median age 55 years), with different chronic diseases ranging from endometriosis in 59 of 491 (12%) patients to asthma in 133 of 628 (21.2%) patients. In addition, 38 (6.1%) participants wanted to provide informed consent and all trial visits on-site, 176 (28%) wished to participate in the trial entirely remotely, and 414 (65.9%) wanted to combine remote-based and hospital-based visits. Considering the trial as a whole, when the trial was organized in a way that the patients preferred, the median (Q1-Q3) likelihood of participation in the trial was 90% (80-100) versus 60% (30-80) if the trial followed the patients’ nonpreferred model. Furthermore, 256 (40.8%) patients responded to open-ended questions expressing their experience with trial participation and visits to the hospital and providing suggestions for improvement. The patients emphasized the need to personalize the way a trial is organized according to each patient’s needs and conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

There was a significant diversity in the participants’ preferences. Most participants preferred hybrid organization involving both on-site and remote visits. Participants were more likely to participate in a trial organized according to their preferences.
The (In)Accessibility of YouTube Exercise Videos for Disabled Individuals During COVID-19: A Text Analytics Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Kadakia Shevali M , Wu Yinfei , Stratton Catherine SM , Feliciano Josemari T , Tuakli-Wosornu Yetsa A
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Disease and mortality attributable to sedentariness disproportionately affects people with disabilities (PWD). It is unclear if this gap also exists online, and if the COVID-19 pandemic has affected it.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the amount of fitness content accessible to disabled persons, a cross-sectional text analysis of exercise-related keywords was searched on YouTube.

METHODS

Videos published between 01/01/2019 and 06/30/2019 (n=700) were compared to videos published between 01/01/2020 and 06/30/2020 (n=700).

RESULTS

The analysis reveals that terms applicable to PWD (‘Para,’ ‘Paralympic,’ ‘Adaptive,’ ‘Adapted,’ ‘Disabled,’ ‘Disability,’ ‘Differently-abled,’ ’Disability-friendly,’ ‘Wheelchair-accessible,’ and ‘Inclusive’) had minimal appearances in the 2019 and 2020 videos. Additionally, approximately 25% of videos in each year did not contain subtitles. Removing video duplicates that existed in two or more searches resulted in 1038 unique videos (508 in 2019, 530 in 2020). Video viewership significantly increased in 2020 with median view counts of 52,288 (IQR: 2,891-401,879) and 122,837 (IQR: 7,257-728,854) for 2019 and 2020, respectively (P = 0.0012).

CONCLUSIONS

While many YouTube exercise videos were published during the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of accessible videos remains diminutive. The need for disability-friendly fitness content remains urgent if health disparities associated with sedentariness are to improve.
COVID-19 Knowledge Resource Categorization and Tracking: Conceptual Framework Study (Preprint)
Authors: Afzal Muhammad , Hussain Maqbool , Hussain Jamil , Bang Jaehun , Lee Sungyoung
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization, the disease has gained momentum with every passing day. Various private and government sectors of different countries allocated funding for research in multiple capacities. A significant portion of efforts has been devoted to information technology and service infrastructure development, including research on developing intelligent models and techniques for alerts, monitoring, early diagnosis, prevention, and other relevant services. As a result, many information resources have been created globally and are available for use. However, a defined structure to organize these resources into categories based on the nature and origin of the data are lacking.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to organize COVID-19 information resources into a well-defined structure to facilitate the easy identification of a resource, tracking information workflows, and to provide a guide for a contextual dashboard design and development.

METHODS

A sequence of action research was performed that involved a review of COVID-19 efforts and initiatives on a global scale during the year 2020. Data were collected according to the defined structure of primary, secondary, and tertiary categories. Various techniques for descriptive statistical analysis were employed to gain insights into the data to help develop a conceptual framework to organize resources and track interactions between different resources.

RESULTS

Investigating diverse information at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels enabled us to develop a conceptual framework for COVID-19–related efforts and initiatives. The framework of resource categorization provides a gateway to access global initiatives with enriched metadata, and assists users in tracking the workflow of tertiary, secondary, and primary resources with relationships between various fragments of information. The results demonstrated mapping initiatives at the tertiary level to secondary level and then to the primary level to reach firsthand data, research, and trials.

CONCLUSIONS

Adopting the proposed three-level structure allows for a consistent organization and management of existing COVID-19 knowledge resources and provides a roadmap for classifying future resources. This study is one of the earliest studies to introduce an infrastructure for locating and placing the right information at the right place. By implementing the proposed framework according to the stated guidelines, this study allows for the development of applications such as interactive dashboards to facilitate the contextual identification and tracking of interdependent COVID-19 knowledge resources.