bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing and maintaining of circuits of distribution networks with voltage of 10-0.38 kV
Authors: Yarosh V A , Efanov A V , Chebanov K A , Zhdanov V G , Logacheva E A
Published: May 2020

The procedure for maintaining circuits in distribution networks with a voltage of 10-0.38 kV is determined in accordance with the Rules of Technical Operation, State Standard. In accordance with these documents, the types of circuits that should be in the subdivisions of electrical networks are determined. All changes in all circuits should be made immediately (after completion of installation work before commissioning), signed by the responsible person. Information on changes in the circuits should be brought to the attention of all employees for whom knowledge of these circuits is required. The need to have the same circuits in production services and subdivisions of electric networks justifies the use of modern information systems such as geographic information systems, which allow working with all types of electric network circuits in multi-user mode. In this case, users will have the most accurate information. The article describes the requirements for supporting circuits designing. The issue of input, preparation and maintenance of data is up to 90% of the cost of a serious project of a geographic information system (according to press). And only 10% is the cost of equipment and software for the geographic information system. A task requiring such costs can be effectively solved only by professional means on professional equipment. The article discusses how to enter electrical network diagrams into geographic information systems and proposes a technique for introducing overhead lines support circuits of 6-10 kV into a geographic information system.
On the substantiation of the technological scheme of the combine harvester with the stationary process of threshing bread mass
Authors: Ovchinnikov A S , Lovchikov A P , Ryadnov A I , Fedorova O A , Konstantinov M M , Fomin S D
Published: May 2020

The article considers the following issue: that further improvement of the grain combine design with the classical threshing-separating device is possible due to the development of its technological scheme based on the principle of modular construction and stationary process of threshing grain mass. To achieve this goal, the problems were solved, by which laws were revealed and a mathematical description of the technological process of the combine harvester was given, as well as patterns characterizing the effect of straw on the process of threshing the grain mass were revealed. It is revealed that the coefficient of straw of grain mass is possible to reduce during combining, grain crops through the application of high-cut stems. Production check has established that the technological resource of this process of direct grain crops harvesting is limited due to the increase of the negative impact of both the ratio of grain and straw by weight and the height of the cut of the stems on the agrotechnical indicators (grain loss) of the combine.
Numerical and experimental analysis of flow and particulate matter dispersion in indoor environment
Authors: Pini A , Musa I , Monti P , Leuzzi G , Bernardino A Di , Cattani G , Di Menno di Bcchianico A , Gherardi M , Pelliccioni A
Published: May 2020

Reducing indoor particulate matter (PM) concentration is an issue of concern from an environmental point of view as the world’s population spend only 4% of their time outdoors. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a fundamental tool for predicting indoor pollutant dispersion and improving knowledge on how indoor and outdoor environments interact in terms of pollutant and momentum exchanges. In this paper, an unsteady CFD simulation has been carried out to investigate the airflow and PM concentration in a classroom of the University of Rome “La Sapienza”. Wind velocity and PM concentration acquired during a field campaign conducted within and outside the building of interest have been used as input for the simulation and to test the model performance as well. The results show a reasonable agreement between measured and simulated concentration within the classroom and emphasize the major role played by the micrometeorology in PM concentration. The importance of the boundary conditions at the room openings has been also discussed.
Analysis of Wind Speed, Humidity and Temperature: Variability and Trend in 2017
Authors: Zakaria Nur Hidayah , Salleh S A , Asmat Arnis , Chan Andy , Isa Nurul Amirah , Hazali Nur Atiqah , Islam M A
Published: May 2020

In recent years, it has been observed that numerous cases of windstorm event. There are many factors that cause windstorms to occur. The factors of meteorology, urban morphology, the topography need to be studied to find out the cause of windstorms. The work analyzed meteorology factors such as: wind speed, humidity and temperature, occurring in 2017. Meteorological data from the Department of Environment Malaysia (DOE) station, allow determining the wind speed, humidity and temperature data daily in 2017. As well as, the pattern of parameter and their relationship between them being determined. The pattern of wind speed monthly was inconsistent. The highest average wind speed in 2017 was 4.72 m/s and the lowest average was 0.56 m/s. While humidity, the highest average was 83.12 % and the lowest average humidity was 72.33 %. For temperature, the maximum average for 2017 was 28.43 °C and the minimum average was 26.26 °C. The correlation of wind speed between humidity and temperature was -0.256 and 0.278, which is low correlate. That must be other active factors that influence the wind speed and contribute to the windstorm event. Wind speed, humidity and temperature during the windstorm event on 11 February 2017 was analyzed. During the windstorm event, the wind speed blows up to 15.7 m/s while the humidity reading decrease to 68.4 % and the temperature was 30.9 °C. When the wind speed reading is high, the temperature reading also increases and the humidity reading will go down and vice versa and has caused the windstorm event to happen.
Identification of air quality redundant stations through a clustering ensemble method
Authors: Stolz T , Huertas M , Mendoza A
Published: May 2020

The main purpose of this study is to assess the performance of three air quality monitoring networks of Mexico. Emphasis is placed on an ensemble method to combine the results of the different clustering techniques: Principle Component Analysis, Hierarchical Clustering and k-means. The specific objectives of this paper are: (i) finding similar and redundant stations using the ensemble method and (ii) giving a physical meaning to groups of similar stations by evaluating additional information like emission sources, meteorology and topography of the area of interest. The study was applied on time series data of particulates that have aerodynamic diameters less than or equal to 10 μm (PM10) and ozone (O3), acquired from the air pollutant monitoring systems in the metropolitan areas of Mexico City (MCMA), Monterrey (MMA) and Guadalajara (GMA). These three conurbations are characterized by diverse meteorological and geographical conditions. The findings show that the GMA has a well distributed air quality network with the fewest number of similar stations. The MMA presents the same clusters of stations for PM10 and O3, while in the MCMA a cluster of possible redundant stations is found. Results confirm that the clustering ensemble method is a confidence tool to identify similar stations.
Innovative low-cost air quality stations as a supporting means for road traffic regulations in urban areas
Authors: Brilli L. , Berton A. , Carotenuto F. , Gioli B. , Gualtieri G. , Martelli F. , Profeti S. , Trombi G. , Dibari C. , Moriondo M. , Vagnoli C. , Zaldei A.
Published: May 2020

Air pollution is currently one of main issues affecting urbanized areas worldwide. Industrial activities, road traffic and heating systems are main emission sources significantly increasing the levels of atmospheric pollutants as particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen oxides. Local administrations monitor these harmful gases by means of reference monitoring stations provided by regional/national environmental protection agencies. These stations, however, have limitations due to the little presence over the whole municipality, low time-frequency, and high costs. In this framework, CNR-IBE, University of Florence – Department of Agriculture, food, environment, and forestry (DAGRI), Tuscany Region Environmental Protection Agency (ARPAT) and epidemiologists of the Pisa University agreed an initiative to create an environmental “living lab” aimed at assessing the impacts due to anthropogenic activities on air quality and thus on population exposure. Two study areas located in the Tuscany region (Italy) were chosen: the rural town of Capannori, and the city of Florence. The town of Capannori was selected since it lies within a critical area both affected by a variety of emission sources and winter weather conditions unfavourable to pollutant dispersion. The city of Florence was chosen for assessing air quality in urban areas following a possible traffic reduction due to creation of new urban tramway lines. The air quality analysis was carried out by means of a monitoring network comprising innovative low-cost stations (named AIRQino). PM concentrations were mainly considered for providing indicative air quality measurements. The preliminary results indicated that: i) low-cost stations, after calibration and validation against more than one-year observations from a reference air quality station, confirmed their reliability in measuring air quality data; ii) AIRQino data can supplement air quality information from reference stations and may be used to help traffic regulation actions at urban scale.
A Web-Enabled GIS Platform for Agricultural Land Use
Authors: Acedo Gemma G.
Published: May 2020

One of the important and leading sources of livelihood in Catanduanes is agriculture. Agriculture has been an avenue to help improve the Philippine economy. To further boost the agriculture industry, the researcher aimed to design and develop a web-enabled GIS platform for agricultural land use that contains a database socio-demographic profile and geographic physical information details of agricultural lands of the province. Data collected are subjected to analysis of an approach in the development and implementation of the study and set as bases for government implementation and a possible policy that assist farmers and local communities. The features of the system help the local leaders to strategize activities and easily facilitate the identification, monitoring, forecasting, visualization, and analysis of situations on Agricultural land use. The acceptability rating of the system developed is 4.72 highly acceptable according to system users. The web-enabled GIS serves as an initiative to improve agricultural land use system by integrating GIS in terms of locating, mapping, profiling, and land management in the province. It is expected through this endeavour that an increase in harvest rate will benefit farmers and local communities. Utilization is expected to help combat climate change and preserve the environment and its ecosystem.
Efficacy of virtual reality in reducing fear of public speaking: A systematic review
Authors: Daniels M M , Palaoag T , Daniels M
Published: May 2020

Public speaking is no doubt one of the most feared mode of oral communication. Such anxiety is often treated through cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). An arising alternative to this treatment is virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) where user confronts feared stimuli in a controlled 3D environment designed for such purpose. Sense of presence in this medium elicits similar feeling when standing in front of a real audience. Because of this, several studies were conducted to test its effect on individuals suffering from PSA. This paper attempts to look into the undertakings of studies within the last 10 years with the objective of gaining enlightenment on the efficacy of virtual reality in reducing public speaking anxiety. From Google Scholar search engine and online libraries PLOS ONE and ScienceDirect, 14 were short-listed for final review based on the set inclusion/exclusion criteria. Findings of these studies reveal that VRET can be as effective as CBT, and more advantageous in terms of cost-efficiency and manageability. The use of virtual reality is then highly recommended as a tool for treating PSA. It is worth noting that the length of time spent in this therapy is a great factor in its efficacy.
Blood Glucose Prediction Model for Type 1 Diabetes based on Extreme Gradient Boosting
Authors: Alfian Ganjar , Syafrudin Muhammad , Rhee Jongtae , Anshari Muhammad , Mustakim M. , Fahrurrozi Imam
Published: May 2020

Predicting future blood glucose (BG) level for diabetic patients will help them to avoid critical conditions in the future. This study proposed Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), an ensemble learning model to predict the future blood glucose value of diabetic patients. The clinical dataset of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) patients was utilized and the prediction models were generated to predict future BG of 30 and 60 minutes ahead of time. The prediction models have been tested tofive children who develop T1D and showed that BG prediction model based on XGBoost outperformed other models, with average of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are 23.219 mg/dL and 35.800 mg/dL for prediction horizon (PH) 30 and 60 minutes respectively. In addition, the result showed that by utilizing statistical-based features as additional attributes, most of the performance of predictions model were increased.
Orange Fruit Images Classification using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Asriny Dhiya Mahdi , Rani Septia , Hidayatullah Ahmad Fathan
Published: May 2020

The quality of fruit is important to increase sales in the market. Right now, the quality selection of orange fruit is mostly still complete by humans. Several drawbacks such as inaccuracy and inconsistency in results happened due to the limitation of human perceptions. The development of computer vision, making it possible to train the computer to classify images based on specified characteristics. This paper proposes the classification model to classify orange images using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Five classes of orange namely good-orange-grade-1, good-orange-grade-2, immature-orange, rotten-orange, and damaged-orange are classified using deep learning CNN. Total of 1000 orange images is collected using the smartphone camera. Each class consists of 200 images which are divided into 60% as the training data, 20% as the validation data, and 20% as the testing data. K-Fold Cross-Validation method is used to validate the model. In this paper, the hidden layer of CNN consists of 256 nodes. Two activation functions, ReLU and Tanh, are employed for comparing the accuracy of classification with the Softmax classifier. The result shows that the accuracy of ReLU activation function is 96%, which is better than the Tanh activation function that gives only 93,8%.
Forecasting and Pattern Analysis of Philippine Regions’ Palay and Corn Production
Authors: Cortez Michelle M.
Published: May 2020

Inadequate food production has been an immediate concern that the country is trying to address. Where farmers used fertilizers in their farms in the hope of increasing their agricultural production. Though, if fertilizer application is poorly managed, instead of having an increased production it will result in the contrary. Therefore, the efficient use of fertilizer is critical and has a great impact on crop production. Thus this study aims to show the pattern of Philippine’ regions crop production, specifically in rainfed and irrigated palay; white and yellow corn. This will also show which fertilizer will maximize their crop production and to seek for the most applicable association model in forecasting future crop production. Three predictive techniques were used namely, canopy clustering, Apriori association rule mining and time series forecasting models. Results reveal that all regions have a low volume of production for rainfed rice. The canopy clustering shows the pattern leading to the high production of irrigated rice for Region III. Also, Region II, Region X, and Region XII have a high volume of production of yellow corn and lastly clustering results on white corn shows Region VII has a Mid area harvested but shows Low volume of production, while Region X though have a low area harvested managed to have a Mid volume of production. The association of fertilizers to the volume of production shows that low Ammophos leads to a lower volume of production and the low Ammosul is not associated with a low volume of production hence a combination of low Ammosul and low Ammophos leads to a low volume of production. The forecasting methods’ linear regression, Gaussian processes, and SMOreg are all applicable in predicting the regions’ volume of production, whereas the SMOreg has the least MAE of 8.90% for Region VI.
Hybridization of Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Immune System for Assignment Problem
Authors: Farhan La Ode Muhammad , Zukhri Zainudin
Published: May 2020

Genetic Algorithms (GA) have proven its reliability to obtain near optimum for complex problems. However, to optimize solutions and prevent premature convergence, operators on the GA were highly dependent on large population sizes, causing the computational speed to be slower than newer algorithms. Therefore, in this study, we propose a way to cause a significant improvement in GA for a higher quality of solutions and lower computing costs yet easy to implement. Hence, we analyzed the clonal selection algorithm from AIS to inspire genetic processes in GA. We then compared the performance of the proposed algorithm called HGA as with the GA to solve the assignment problem. Simulation results showed that HGA performed better in case of preventing on being stuck with the local optima as it accurately obtains an average of the optimum solution up to 100% for every given dataset while also reducing computational costs as it has less generation.
Populating Databases Automatically with Realistic Data Using Metadata-Driven Methods
Authors: Rebolledo K S , Arroyo J S , Roig JV
Published: May 2020

This research investigated the feasibility and utility of a metadata-driven “fake data“ generator. The researchers created a prototype for a data generator whose job is to be pointed to a database and then generate fake but appropriate and realistic data. Using metadata analysis, the generator was able to make autonomous and smart decisions as to how to populate the various tables and fields it encounters, populating them with realistic data. This promises great utility to programmers, QA testers, and database administrators for various use cases such as testing, debugging, database design validation, load testing, and performance scaling.
Disaster Sentiment Analysis: Addressing the Challenges of Decision-Makers in Visualizing Netizen Tweets
Authors: Baro R A , Palaoag T D
Published: May 2020

Among other crucial aspects of disaster-related initiatives is decision-making. The capacity to carry out efficient holistic management of measures and programs rely greatly upon the decision-makers and the religious participation of all stakeholders. Adopting the sentiments can help government leaders in their decision-making responsibilities towards disaster management when meaningful patterns are easily visualized. The purpose of this research is to analyze disaster-related sentiments from Twitter and presents the results using data visualization easily understood by decision-makers. The study underscores the use of Python programming with NLP techniques to learn from Twitter data, Sentiment Analysis using TextBlob to identify polarity and subjectivity of tweets and Plotly for interactive data visualization. The implementation of the study contributes to the reduction of injury, damage to infrastructures, properties and especially the loss of life. The challenges of both decision-makers and data scientists working in the discipline are highlighted in the study.
Implementing an ETL-driven Data Integration Framework for State Universities and Colleges
Authors: Soriano Lorna T. , Dela Cruz Josephine S.
Published: May 2020

State Universities and Colleges collect enormous volumes of data scattered across multiple disparate transactional systems. Integration of these data is therefore vital in order to eliminate problems in consolidating and interpreting such data. This paper aimed to develop and implement a data integration framework that employs an ETL-driven data warehousing technique for State Universities and Colleges (SUCs). Moreover, the framework was implemented and tested using heterogeneous data of the Bicol State College of Applied Sciences and Technology (BISCAST), one of the state colleges in Region 5, Philippines. Consequently, the integration framework has been found to be effective in streamlining the process of consolidating and interpreting SUC’s data thus enabling the organization to produce reliable reports and eventually can cope with submission deadlines. A reporting tool was also developed for end-users to generate and view the outcome of the integration process. Furthermore, the level of the system’s usability was determined. Based on the result, it is effective in accomplishing specific tasks, highly efficient and commendable to adopt.
e-LAHOK: An e-Participatory Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Authors: Llovido Jennifer L , Palaoag Thelma D
Published: May 2020

The study aimed to design, develop and determine the extent of user acceptability of e-LAHOK (Legazpi Alisto at Handang magbigay ng Opinyon para sa Kaligtasan), an electronic and participatory Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Platform for the City of Legazpi that fosters civic engagement and open participatory governance by soliciting Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) strategies and incident reports from the local populations. An integrated Design Thinking (DT) and Extreme Programming (XP) framework (DT@XP) was utilized in the design and development of e-LAHOK whereas, a user’s evaluation based on ISO 9126 software quality metrics was conducted to determine the extent of user acceptability. Significant findings showed that e-LAHOK facilitated orderly solicitation and submission of DRR strategies and incident reports from the local populations by allowing the creation, management, consolidation, analysis and visualization of survey responses as well as submission, verification and acceptance of submitted incident reports for analysis. These results could serve as basis to concerned agencies in the development and implementation of DRR plans and policies to ensure preparedness and effective response by the barangays and its citizens in the event of a disaster. Further, evaluation results show that the system was rated highly acceptable in terms of functionality and usability. This concluded that the features of e-LAHOK provided an organized way of gathering inputs from the local communities of Legazpi City, fostering civic engagement and open, participatory governance. Thus, utilization of the proposed system is recommended.
Method of torque distribution between the axles and the wheels of the rear axle to improve the manageability of two-axle all-wheel drive vehicles
Authors: Zhileykin M , Eranosyan A
Published: May 2020

Currently, manufacturers of modern cars are constantly increasing the level of control over the parameters of the movement of wheeled vehicles, achieving the maximum level of stability and control. The use of various all-wheel drive systems is becoming increasingly relevant and expedient. The distribution of traction force on all wheels allows you to use the entire weight of the car as a coupling, which has a positive effect on the dynamic qualities of the car, terrain, and allows you to implement control algorithms that improve the handling and directional stability of the car. The aim of the work is to substantiate the methods of controlling the curvilinear motion of two-axle vehicles with various transmission patterns that provide for improving their controllability. A method for improving the controllability of four-wheel drive two-axle vehicles with the transmission of torque to the front axle and the distribution of torque between the wheels of the rear axle is proposed. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method are proved by the methods of simulation of motion of two-axle 4x4 vehicles with a connected front axle and redistribution of torque between the wheels of the rear axle.
The stress-strain state and optimization of the cross section of the wheel rim tubeless truck tire
Authors: Balabin I , Lyamin M , Chabunin I , Ryazantsev V
Published: May 2020

This article is devoted to the issues of strength and reliability of the wheel, as well as minimizing its weight, which allows to improve traction and brake dynamics, smooth running, fuel efficiency, etc. The solution of the problem of determining the stress-strain state of the automobile wheel with fifteen-degree landing shelves is presented. In the article it is offered to equalize the stresses arising at internal and external surfaces of a rim of a variable thickness, at the expense of variation of thickness of a rim of a car wheel in various zones.
Simulation model of a transport vehicle with a fixed-ratio transmission and a flywheel energy storage in case of random external action
Authors: Korsunskiy V
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dynamic qualities and efficiency of a heavy-duty transport vehicle equipped with a mechanical transmission, using a combined power plant (CPP) with a flywheel energy storage (FES), establish an acceptable level of power reduction of the main internal combustion engine (ICE), determine the range of installed power of the FES drive and its average value of efficiency, as well as the calculation of the level of required energy capacity of the flywheel when driving in various types of terrain. A universal technique for simulating statistical modeling of external disturbances acting on the transport vehicle has been developed. Using the developed methodology, the vehicles’ characteristics have been compared according to the criterion of average speed and an assessment of the efficiency of the use of CPP has been carried out. The results obtained allow us to carry out a comparative analysis of vehicles equipped with a conventional or combined power plant with a random external action of the road, as well as optimize their parameters.
Scenario-based definition of technical safety requirements for autonomous road vehicles
Authors: Kirovsky O , Byakov K
Published: May 2020

The article provides a brief overview of the standards ISO 26262 and ISO 21448 and the safety life cycle defined therein. A method for technical requirements development based on road situation statistics is proposed. Possibilities for improvement of safety life cycle for autonomous vehicles using traffic data are considered. An outlook towards the implementation of traffic scenarios into the safety lifecycle is briefly described.
Verification of mathematical model in curvilinear motion of the car with AWD system
Authors: Ankinovich G , Verzhbitsky A , Antonyan A
Published: May 2020

In the vehicles development also developed a variety of control systems. However, in their development it is necessary to have a mathematical model of the control object, that is, the vehicle model for the study of electronic control systems. Mathematical modeling is the most effective and promising method of studying the control object behavior. It is possible to carry out vehicle mathematical modeling and its components with sufficient high accuracy and compliance with its real prototype. But there are cases that it is not possible to simulate in detail some phenomena of the control object. In order to verify the accuracy of the compiled model, model verification of the developed vehicle is carried out. The basis used the KIA Sorento. It has AWD based on front wheel drive. This vehicle, equipped with measuring and recording devices, which carried out on the roads of the testing ground (FSUE “NAMI”). The work focuses on modelling the simulation of transmission units in the vehicle. The systems of equations of the engine, gearbox, transfer case, main gears and elastic drive shafts are written. Races on curvilinear trajectories were carried out. It also presents results comparison of the real vehicle movement and the results carried out from modeling in MATLAB&Simulink. The accuracy of the developed mathematical model and admissibility in further application in the development of control systems are proved.
Mathematical model of air suspension with internal throttling of working fluid
Authors: Chernyshov K , Novikov V , Pozdeev A , Ryabov I , Diakov A , Evseev K , Chumakov D
Published: May 2020

The article describes a mathematical model of a two-mass vibrating system with an air suspension consisting of a two-chamber air compressor, the working and auxiliary chambers of which are connected to each other through an air throttle. The results of the research have been used to construct the amplitude-frequency characteristics of vertical displacements and accelerations of the suspended mass, and conclusions have been drawn.
Results of theoretical and experimental research of pneumatic suspension with internal throttling of working fluid
Authors: Chernyshov K , Novikov V , Pozdeev A , Ryabov I , Diakov A , Evseev K , Chumakov D
Published: May 2020

The article presents the mathematical model and experimental device of the air suspension installed on the dynamic stand, which imitates the work of the unsupported vehicle suspension. The air suspension is presented in the form of a two-chamber air compressor, the working and auxiliary cavities of which are communicated to each other through a throttle with a check valve open during compression. The design and experimental amplitude-frequency characteristics of scales of vertical movements of the suspended mass are presented.
Calculated and experimental tests of dynamic vibration isolators for use in the suspension system of the traction vehicle cabin
Authors: Shekhovtsov V , Lyashenko M , Potapov P , Diakov A , Evseev K
Published: May 2020

The article gives a brief description of operational vibration effects on the tractor cab, protective qualities of standard rubber monoblock vibration isolators used in the systems of cabin suspension of domestic tracked tractors. The principle of operation and advantages of dynamic vibration dampers are described. The description of methods and results of calculation and experimental studies of vibration insulating properties of standard and dynamic vibration isolators is given.
Analysis of the cornering stiffness uncertainty impact on the steering sensitivity of a two-axle automobile
Authors: Gorelov V , Komissarov A , Vozmishcheva I
Published: May 2020

In order to provide a reliable estimate of the steering sensitivity at the early design stage it is necessary to know the impact of the ucertainty of the main parameters affecting this characteristic. These parameters include the tire cornering characteristics featuring a large degree of uncertainty. The objective of the research was to find the impact of the tire cornering characteristics variation on the steering sensitivity. The analysis was performed in a multi-body simulation program with the use of a spatial non-linear model of the automobile motion. The model takes into account the detailed kinematics of the suspension and steering linkages. Interaction of the tires with the road is described by an original semi-empirical model providing indepentent calibration of the tire longitudinal and lateral force characteristics in the contact patch. The reseach has demonstrated the degree of importance of considering the tire cornering stiffness variation during the steering sensitivity analysis.
Research of dynamics of movement of grain and forage harvesters by methods of mathematical and imitating modeling
Authors: Zhileykin M , Sirotin P
Published: May 2020

The mathematical model of movement of the grain and forage harvester is considered, the possibility of its algorithmization in the software complex is shown, as well as the data confirming its adequacy. The mathematical model includes dynamic and kinematic equations of relation of angular and linear velocities with angular and spatial coordinates. The peculiarity of the model is in the use of a set of coordinate systems, which allowed to take into account not only the weight and size and layout features of the type of machines under study, but also the nature of interaction of the elastic wheel with the damped base. In the given model the speed of movement of the combine is set not by the forced change of the coordinate of the center of mass of the skeleton, but is formed by the modeling of the process of interaction of driving wheels with the support base. This approach provides a more adequate description of the process of curvilinear movement of the combine, allows you to simulate the movement of the machine, acceleration, braking, overcoming obstacles, slipping and slipping processes, taking into account the characteristics of the tire and traction properties of the soil. The approach adopted ensures sufficient accuracy of the model with a minimum set of factors and requirements for calculation. Experimental and computational data obtained as a result of simulation are presented. Comparison of active forces and acceleration spectral densities in the main parts of the combine showed sufficient convergence of results. The revealed inaccuracy is caused by the discrepancy between the numerical description of the supporting surface and the test road, the presentation of the combine’s frame as an absolutely rigid body, and differences in the elastic-viscous properties of tires. Conclusions are made and directions of the further researches providing improvement of operational properties of self-propelled combines at the expense of systems of suspension of wheels and working elements are defined.
Automatization of calculation of dynamic characteristics of the car suspension system
Authors: Lahtyukhov M , Zheglov L
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the questions of finding the parameters of generalized coordinates for plane linear dynamic systems of any structure with degrees of freedom, used in the study of suspension systems. The appropriateness of separation of a number of subsystems for each of which potential energy and dissipative function are calculated by the same type equations is shown. As an example, the differential equations describing in the general case the linear movements of the masses of the dynamic system are given. It is shown that in order to find the parameters of generalized coordinates of a flat linear dynamic system with degrees of freedom at the kinematic harmonic disturbance determined by the structure of the road surface, a solution of the system of linear algebraic equations is required.
One of the approaches for the analytical description of the interaction of an elastic wheel with a solid surface
Authors: Popov S
Published: May 2020

The design of branched transmissions of multi-axle vehicles, multistage steering systems and automated workflow control systems requires their preliminary dynamic calculation. These calculations are based on mathematical models of structural elements corresponding to the modern level of development of system theory, i.e. taking into account dynamic interrelations between the system links. The aim of the work is to build a mathematical model of the automobile wheeled propulsor intended for use in the dynamic model of the “car-road” system or models of separate automobile systems. The approach to mathematical modeling of the automobile wheeled propulsor is offered, consisting in its description by methods of the control theory as an element of dynamic system. The method of construction and analysis of the complete system of equations of kinematic bonds superimposed in the contact zone on the movement of points of the external surface of the tire of linear elastic wheel at its perturbed rectilinear rolling on a solid uneven support surface is developed. The method of construction of a transfer matrix of automobile linear elastic wheel at which its structure practically does not depend on features of the settlement scheme of the tyres is developed too in this study. The method of obtaining the tire characteristics necessary for the calculation of the transfer matrix elements by the generalized method of successive approximations, which gives the qualitatively correct results in zero approximation, is proposed. The method of qualitative theoretical analysis of the features of rectilinear stationary rolling of the automobile wheel is given in this paper. The results allow to carry out researches and calculations of dynamic characteristics of automobile systems, units and assemblies directly interacting with the wheel; they can serve as a basis for further improvement of mathematical models of automobile ruts by methods of system theory.
Perspectives of increasing smooth ride of wheeled vehicles without suspension with pneumatic damping system
Authors: Pozdeev A , Ryabov I , Novikov V , Zhdamirova E , Diakov A , Evseev K
Published: May 2020

In the article the analysis of a modern research condition in the field of increase of smoothness of a course of wheeled vehicles without suspension with pneumatic damping system is resulted. The reasons limiting the solution of a global problem of the further development of wheeled vehicles without suspension and growth of productivity and safety of work at performance by them of transport, agricultural and road-building works are formulated. The basic ways of the decision of the given problem solution, consisting in increase of damping properties of pneumatic tyres for wheeled non-suspended vehicles without increase in resistance to rolling of wheels and decrease in a resource of tyres are analyzed. Thus development of essentially new innovative structures of wheels, improving smoothness of a course and other operation al properties of non-suspended vehicles is offered.
Use of functional and cost design for the snowmobile and motorcycle all-terrain equipment
Authors: Shustilova M , Diakov A , Baev G
Published: May 2020

The article reveals the essence of functional-cost analysis describes the stages of functional-cost design for snowmobile and all-terrain vehicles, reviews the publications of other authors on this topic and a review of methods similar to functional-cost design.
Formation of the law of steering angle control to maintain a trajectory of the vehicle movement
Authors: Levenkov Y , Chichekin I , Vol’skaya N
Published: May 2020

The object of the study is a control system for changing and maintaining the trajectory of the vehicle. Methods of maintaining a trajectory of the vehicle are the subject of research. Multi-body dynamics (MBD) methods are used to solve this problem. The purpose of the study is development of management model change the trajectory of the vehicle. On the example of a two-axle four-wheel drive truck, a mathematical model of the vehicle includes subsystems-transmission, springing system and steering. The study of the influence of the transmission and suspension to change the trajectory of the car is not considered. The paper deals with the formation of the steering angle control law to maintain a given trajectory. A detailed description of the developed control model and analytical dependencies for setting the parameters of the model. An example of selection of coefficients for its setting is shown, recommendations for other types of calculation modes are offered. In this paper, the calculation of one calculation case corresponding to the rearrangement of the car, followed by a return to the original lane. This example proves the adequacy of the model. The developed mathematical model can be used in the systems of calculation of solid body dynamos in the simulation of driver-driven cars, unmanned vehicles and adaptive driver assistance systems. The vehicle was described as a system of solid bodies connected by hinges and force interactions from the library of typical elements of the software package. According to this description of the system, the software package automatically formed a system of equations of motion and connections. The equations were solved using an implicit numerical method with variable pitch and automatic accuracy control.
Increase ride wheeled vehicles due to the continuous damping control in the suspension system
Authors: Zhileykin M , Fedotov I
Published: May 2020

One of the promising ways to improve the wheeled vehicles smooth running is the development of dynamic semi-active springing systems, as well as the laws of such systems control. Dynamic control systems in this paper are understood as systems operating at a real-time rate with the current (instantaneous) phase coordinates values. The aim of the work is to develop the laws of optimal control of the wheeled vehicles suspension, providing an increase in the driver and passengers comfort in a wide range of operating conditions. The of the optimal control system algorithm of the level of damping shock absorber suspension wheel machine to improve of the driver and passengers comfort. The proposed algorithm efficiency is proved by simulation methods. It is established that at rectilinear movement on different roads with different speeds, the level of the movement comfort is increased by 8 to 41% when the frequency controlling effect of 15 Hz and 13…59% at the frequency control action of 50 Hz compared to uncontrolled suspension.
Simulation of regenerative pump performing on multiphase mixture
Authors: Zaporozhets I , Kalugina M , Mukhlaeva A , Isaev N , Protopopov A
Published: May 2020

The features of gas-liquid mixtures hydrodynamic modeling during the separation process are described. The paper considers the model of a centrifugal pump, which is a part of mobile objects, such as wheeled and tracked vehicles etc. The simulation is carried out in the STAR-CCM + software. A comparison of the effect of gas separators various designs on the flow during the operation of the pump on a two-phase mixtureis carried out and the most suitable configuration is identified.
Utilization of ZSM-5/TiO2 Powder and Membrane to Reduce Concentration Cu(II) and Cr(VI) Ions in Water
Authors: Mukaromah Ana Hidayati , Chasanah Umrotun , Assyifa Ilma Rizqi , Mifbakuddin  , Sinto Dewi Sri
Published: May 2020

Cancer is an effect caused by excessive concentrations of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) metal ions in the body. Including health effects of heavy metal ion poisoning industries arise when humans consume fish from various wastes, dyes, electroplating, paint, and battery. Techniques and processes have been developed to separate heavy metal ions which were very dangerous from water by ion exchange, chemical precipitation, and adsorption. Adsorption has no harmful side effects to health, simple, economical and easy to do. Natural materials can be used as adsorbents including ZSM-5, ZSM-5/TiO2 powder, and membrane. The purpose of this study is to determine the initial, final concentration and the percentage decrease concentration of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) ions in water by ZSM-5/TiO2 powder and membrane with variations gauze type and irradiation time. The results showed that the highest percentage reduction Cu(II) ion and Cr(VI) ion with 0.25% w/v ZSM-5/TiO2 powder during UV irradiation 75 minutes were 74.99% and 16.99%. The highest percentage reduction in Cu (II) and Cr (VI) concentration after passing through the ZSM-5/TiO2 membrane with gauze support 304-400 during 90 minute UV irradiation were 57.72% and 54.65%. As the conclusion ability of ZSM-5/TiO2 powder is greater than the ZSM-5/TiO2 membrane in reducing the concentration of Cu(II) and Cr(VI).
Chemical Separation and Antibacterial Activity of Nutmeg seed Essential Oil against Shigella sp. and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922
Authors: Ansory Hery Muhamad , Fitriani Ika Nur , Nilawatii Anita
Published: May 2020

The essential oil of the nutmeg seeds has antibacterial activity and contains some major compounds: sabinene, α-pinene, 2-β-pinene, myristicin, safrole, and 1-4-terpineol. This essential oil was extracted from the nutmeg seeds by separation process using the distillation method. The purpose of this study is to separate compounds in essential oils of nutmeg seed and to evaluate the antibacterial activity against two bacterial species. Nutmeg essential oils compound separation was conducted by distillation at 95 mmHg with different temperature 408, 428, 438, and 503 K. The separation results analyzed physical properties, chemical compounds with GC-MS, and the antibacterial activity test of Shigella sp. and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 using dilution and diffusion method. The samples antibacterial activity were evaluated by the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration. The GC-MS analysis of nutmeg essential oils shows the presence of 25 compounds. Four fractions of fractional distillation under reduced pressure have 57.12%; 17.00%; 1.40%; and 19.68% of yield with different physical properties as well as the number of different compounds in each fraction. Fraction 1 has 14 compounds with α-pinene (27, 44%), sabinene (23,78%), dan 2-β-pinene ( 18,29%) as major compound. Fraction 2 has 15 compounds with sabinene (16,18%), 2-β-pinene (14,27%), β-phellandrene (12,99%), dan γ-terpinene (14,48%) as major compound. Fraction 3 has 12 compounds with α-terpinene (11,24%), para-cymene (23,74%), limonene (13,23%), γ-terpinene (23,46%), dan α-terpinolene (15,01%) as major compound. Fraction 4 has 12 compounds with 1-4-terpineol (40,65%), safrol (20,34%) danmyristicin (16,06%) as major compound. Results showed that MIC and MBC on Shigella sp. nutmeg essential oils had 12.11mm inhibitory effects at 1.25%; fraction 2 has 5.88mm inhibitory effects at 2.5%, and fraction 4 has 9.67mm inhibitory effects at 1.25%. MIC and MBC in Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 nutmeg essential oils have 10.89mm inhibitory effects at 2.5%; fraction one has 10.22mm inhibitory effects at 10%, and fraction 4 has 10.11mm inhibitory effects at 2.5%.
Improvement Development of Bill Acceptor for Laundry Application with Internet-of-Thing as Notification
Authors: Ismail Edzwan , Abd Gani Shamsul Fakhar , Zainal Abidin Amar Faiz , Tengku Ibrahim Tengku Nadzion , Semail Saifuddin
Published: May 2020

Nowadays, self-laundry kiosk service has been widely available in Malaysia. Although the technology has been progressing rapidly especially the technology of Internet-of-Thing, most of the system used by the self-laundry machines are outdated. One difficulty faced by the owners of the self-laundry kiosk, they need to check frequently by themselves at their cashbox machines in order to check whether the cashbox filled or emptied. This leads to inefficiency and can be addressed if self-laundry machine is integrated with Internet-of-Thing technology. Thus, this project attempts to improvise the current system by developing the bill acceptor that gives the owner to monitoring the flow of current amount inserted by customer in real time by displaying it in apps at owner smartphone. The project uses Arduino Mega as a controller, bill acceptor machine as token receiver, Wi-fi module to send the data to apps, LCD and Blynk apps to display the current amount and Bluetooth module to communicate between the Arduino and the washing machine. A checklist analysis and scenario analysis are implemented to verify the functionality of the proposed prototype. The result shows that the proposed prototype achieve all the objectives required.