bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Garlic Extract on Liver Histopathology of BALB/c Mice with Nicotine Exposure
Authors: Karoline Widya Mutiara , Armalina Desy , Susilaningsih Neni , Istiadi Hermawan , Ismail Akhmad
Published: October 2022

Nicotine affects liver in the presence of free radicals. One of the antioxidants is allicin which is the most abundant organosulfur in garlic. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of garlic extract as an antioxidant on the liver histopathological features of BALB/c mice exposed to nicotine. This is an experimental study with with post-test only control group design. The research subject were 24 male BALB/c mice. The K- group was the healthy control. The K+ group was exposed to inhaled nicotine of 10 mg/kgBW. Groups P1 and P2 were exposed to 10 mg/kgBW inhaled nicotine and were given garlic extract 300 mg/kgBW and 500 mg/kgBW. Treatment was given for 14 days. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and considered significant if the p value 0.05 with 95% confidence interval. Liver degeneration was grouped into normal, parenchymatous degeneration, hydropic degeneration, and necrosis. The results in the following groups: K: 80%, 20%, 0%, 0%; K(-) :0%,0%,87%,13% ; P1 : 0%,60%,40%,0%; P2 : 0%,100%,0%,0%. There was a significant difference in the degree of degeneration between groups (p=0.001). Garlic extract can reduce the degree of microscopic damage to the liver of BALB/c mice exposed to nicotine inhalation.
Ketakteraturan Sisi Total Pada Graf Pohon Palem ?? − ??,? dan Graf Pohon Palem ??+? − ??,�
Authors: Syihabuddin Muhammad , Rosyida Isnaini
Published: October 2022

Diketahui graf ? dengan himpunan titik tak kosong ?(?) dan himpunan sisi ?(?). Pelabelan ? adalah suatu fungsi dari ?(?) gabungan ?(?) ke suatu himpunan bilangan bulat positif ? dikatakan pelabelan-k total tak teratur sisi di ? , jika setiap dua sisi berbeda ?1?2 dan ?1?2 di ? memenuhi bobot sisi yang berbeda bobot ?1 tidak sama dengan bobot ?2 . Bobot sisi ?? pada pelabelan total ? adalah adalah jumlahan dari label sisi ??, label titik ? dan label titik ?. Nilai total ketakteraturan sisi dari graf ? yaitu label terbesar minimum yang digunakan untuk melabeli graf ? dengan pelabelan total tak teratur sisi, yang dinotasikan dengan tes (?). Pada artikel ini, dilakukan penyelidikan nilai ketakteraturan sisi total (???) pada Graf Pohon Palem ?? − ??,? dan Graf Pohon Palem ??+1 − ??,? . Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah nilai ketakteraturan sisi total dari Graf Pohon Palem ?? − ??,? adalah pembulatan ke atas dari ((3? + 2)/3) dan nilai ketakteraturan sisi total dari Graf Pohon Palem ??+1 − ??,? adalah pembulatan ke atas dari ((3? + 3)/3).
Pengaruh Pemberian Elisitor Ekstrak Khamir pada Pertumbuhan Kultur Kalus Gembili dengan Penambahan ZPT 2,4-D dan Kinetin
Authors: Lutfiah Ananda , Habibah Noor Aini
Published: October 2022

Senyawa bioaktif pada tanaman gembili dapat dihasilkan lebih banyak dari kalus dibandingkan tanaman utuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian 2,4-D dan kinetin serta elisitor ekstrak khamir terhadap pertumbuhkan kultur kalus gembili. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dua faktorial, yaitu kombinasi 2,4-D (1 ppm; 0,5 ppm) dan kinetin (1 ppm; 0,5 ppm) serta elisitor ekstrak khamir (0,5%; 1%; 2,5% (b/v)). Kalus berumur tiga bulan disubkultur dan diinkubasi selama 2,5 bulan. Kemudian dielisitasi dengan ekstrak khamir dan dipelihara selama 30 hari. Indikator pertumbuhan kalus yang diamati meliputi berat basah, warna dan tekstur kalus. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dua arah dan diuji lanjut dengan DMRT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi 2,4-D dan kinetin berpengaruh terhadap rerata berat basah kalus. Sedangkan pemberian elisitor ekstrak khamir tidak berpengaruh terhadap rerata berat basah kalus gembili. Rerata berat basah kalus tertinggi sebesar 3,35 gram dicapai pada kombinasi 2,4-D 0,5 ppm + kinetin 0,5 ppm dengan elisitor 1% (b/v). Tekstur kalus yang dihasilkan pada seluruh perlakuan adalah remah dan berwarna coklat muda hingga coklat kehitaman.
Comparison of The Law of Contract Between Islamic Law and Indonesian Law
Authors: Puneri Atharyanshah
Published: October 2022

In every legal transaction, contract is the crucial things that must be made between all the parties. Because the contract is the realization of the agreements between the parties. and that contract are binding the parties inside the agreements. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the law of contract from two different laws, which are Islamic Law and Indonesian Law. It can be found that there are some similarities as well as differentiation between Islamic Law and Indonesian Law when it comes to governing about contracts.
The Policy of Employment Information System Development in Bali Province in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0
Authors: Wiryawan I Wayan Gde , Dewi Bunga
Published: October 2022

The era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 encourages the implementation of information technology-based government in various fields including in the field of manpower. The Regional Government of Bali Province has a legal product in the form of the Bali Provincial Regulation Number 10 of 2019 concerning Manpower Implementation mandating the development of a labor system. In this study, two issues will be discussed, namely the basic considerations for the development of an employment information system and the formulation of a law regarding an employment information system. The development of a manpower information system is based on the government's duties in providing public services and regional autonomy. The legal formulation regarding the manpower information system is written in the form of a regional regulation which should also be followed by a governor's regulation.
Political Dynasty in Law and Political Perspective: to what extent has the Election Law been reformed?
Authors: Luluardi Yunas Derta , Diniyanto Ayon
Published: October 2022

A democratic state allows for the birth of a dynastic politics. Indonesia as a democracy must accept these consequences. As long as dynastic politics are in accordance with the constitution and do not violate democratic principles, the state accommodates the birth and development of dynastic politics. In Indonesia, since the opening of the doors of reform and regional autonomy, it has led to a democratization of political power at the center as well as in the regions. Dynastic politics also grows and develops. The growth and development of dynastic politics occurs at the level of political power in the regions. In the Tegal Raya region, dynastic politics led by the Dewi Sri clan had experienced developments and was able to place several members of the Dewi Sri clan in several political powers. But interestingly, the political development of the dynasties in the Tegal Raya region must be reduced. This article analyzes the factors that influence the development and reduction of dynastic politics in the Tegal Raya Region.
Non-Penal Deradicalization of Former Terrorist Prisoners (Study at Lingkar Perdamaian Foundation)
Authors: Aisy Rohadhatul
Published: October 2022

After having been freed from correctional institutions, there were many former terrorism prisoners who got difficulties or challenges to find a job and interact with the society. This research aims to identifying and analyzing the radicalism reality of the former terrorism prisoners in Indonesia and deradicalization efforts conducted by Lingkar Perdamaian Foundation toward the former terrorism prisoners. This study used juridical-sociologic approach and applied qualitative research. The result of this research showed that the former terrorism prisoners gained enormous potential to redo their crime. Several factors that led them to be steadily radical were ineffective guidance attempts undertaken by correctional institutions, no suitable places to stay after they were freed from the correctional institutions and strong stigma possessed by society which caused the former terrorism prisoners to rejoin their previous radical community. The deradicalization efforts conducted by Lingkar Perdamaian Foundation were helping, empowering, training and boosting the former terrorism prisoners to be better people and serving new community for them in order that they would not rejoin their previous radical groups. The conclusion drawn from this research is that the reality of the former terrorism prisoners in Indonesia after they are freed from the correctional institutions is steadily radical. The deradicalization efforts done by Lingkar Perdamaian Foundation are serving trust, life autonomy, room for interaction and socialization with broader society in order that the former prisoners are kept away from negative stigma of former terrorists.
Implementation of Local Regulation on Health Protocol during Covid-19 Outbreaks in Pontianak Indonesia
Authors: Deny Deny
Published: October 2022

The city of Pontianak is the entrance to various regions and is the heart of defense in West Kalimantan in preventing the Covid-19 virus, encouraging all regional heads to issue policies and rules to maintain the safety of the health of their citizens. Pontianak Mayor Regulation Number 58 of 2020 serves as a legal umbrella in an effort to prevent the spread of Covid-19. Become the basis of authority for the local government of Pontianak City in forming policies and regulations in the area. The role of the Pontianak city government in issuing policies and rules to break the chain of the spread of the Covid-19 virus. The efforts of the Pontianak city government to participate in assisting the central government program, which is the task of the national government in breaking the chain of the Covid-19 virus. This research is intended to analyze the law and policy concerning the Covid-19 handling in Indonesia, especially in Pontianak City. This research compared some laws and regulation both national and local regulation related to Covid-19 handling.
Environmental Impact Analysis in Indonesia Post-Job Creation Law: A Sociological Jurisprudence Approach
Authors: Cahyani Kartika Nur
Published: October 2022

Law is a rule or means in the administration of the state, in order to achieve an orderly, safe and secure life, the rights of the community are required. According to positivism, law is an order from those who hold the highest power or hold sovereignty. Law is considered as a logical, fixed, and closed logical system. Sociological Jurisprudence theory argues that a good law must be a law that is in accordance with the law that lives in society. Sociological jurisprudence shows that there is a compromise between written law as the need of the legal community for the creation of legal certainty (legal positivism) and living law as a form of appreciation for the important role of society in the development of law formation and legal orientation.
Juridical Analysis of Employment Relationship (Employees-Employers) in the Aquaculture Sector
Authors: Bagaskara Gagas
Published: October 2022

The employment relationship (employee-employer) is often one of the relationships that often creates legal problems, be it in the aspects of payroll, employment status, or termination of employment relations. This study is to describe and analyze the work relationship and obligations of the parties at PT. Esa Putlii Prakarsa Utama, as well as to find out the factors inhibiting the implementation of work relations at PT. Esa Putlii Prakarsa Utama. The method used in this research is sociological juridical by analyzing various legal regulations as well as examining behaviors and direct relationships based on understanding the law in terms of social symptoms. This study shows that the working relationship at PT. Esa Putlii Prakarsa Utama occurs because of an indefinite work agreement (PWKT). However, the entrepreneur's actions take action against the law because he has violated Article 60 paragraph (2) of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower where employers pay wages below the minimum wage during the probationary period of work, this is null and void by law. Then regarding the rights and obligations of the parties, in principle, the obligations of workers are rights that must be accepted by employers, and vice versa, the obligations of employers are rights that must be accepted by workers. The rights and obligations of the parties can be found in labor laws, company regulations, and collective labor agreements.
Constitution Formulation and Amendment in Indonesian and American Legal System: A Comparative Study
Authors: Siburian H M Sahat Radot
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to find out the comparison of constitutional law in Indonesia and the United States in terms of the development of the constitution and the mechanism for changing the constitution (UUD). The method used in this research is in the form of legal research. The type of research used for this approach is normative legal research. As in the United States constitution, Article V regulates how to amend the constitution. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the mechanism for this change is regulated in Article 37 of the 1945 Constitution (UUD). The United States and Indonesia are countries that have adopted a presidential system of government with a republican form of government. In addition, the state institution authorized to make changes to the constitution of each country is the legislature. If in the United States the one who can amend the Constitution is the Congress consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, then in Indonesia the authority to make changes to the Constitution is the MPR, which includes the DPR and DPD. Then, the form of the constitution used by the two countries is the same as the Written Constitution. The existence of the United States Constitution is actually an effort to realize the principles stated in a Declaration of Independence (1776). The Declaration is based on French philosophical and English Enlightenment schools. The main purpose of the United States constitution is to guarantee the rights of the states.
Public Dialogue and the Good Governance: How can the community be actively involved in legal reform and good governance?
Authors: Burhannudin Mohammad Arif
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine how the Friday Dialogue was analyzed in terms of good governance during the leadership of the Bojonegoro Regent during the Kang Yoto era in 2008-2018. In this study, the concept of good governance, which was echoed by Kang Yoto, was examined to see if it fulfilled all or part of the elements of the concept of good governance and how it was actually practiced. This research is intriguing to investigate because it is still uncommon to find local government leadership models that apply the concept of good governance, particularly those that involve the people of the region directly. The descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study, with secondary data sources analyzed using interactive analysis. The descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study, with secondary data sources analyzed using interactive analysis methods. The Friday Public Dialogue is the result of this study, and it is a step taken by the Bojonegoro Regency Government to realize good governance in accordance with the mandate of Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. awards ranging from national to international levels. The public dialogue activity on Friday is essentially an activity that can support the synergy between the government, the private sector, and the community in order to achieve benefits for all parties and prosperity for all Indonesians, particularly those in the Bojonegoro area.
What are the Appropriate Leadership Styles for Class C Hospital in National Health Insurance (JKN) Era?
Authors: Kartikasari Dhian , Manzilati Asfi , Hariyanti Tita
Published: October 2022

The form of leadership is able to determine the success of an organization including hospitals, so a leader needs to think about the right leadership style, especially in the JKN era. This study aims to explore the appropriate leadership style in X General Hospital so that it can get full accreditation and the hospital’s existence is still maintained until now. The study used a qualitative study design with a case study approach (case study) which was conducted at one of the Class C General Hospitals in Malang Regency which has collaborated with BPJS Kesehatan (Healthcare and Social Security Agency). The study involved employees who worked at General Hospital X and experienced hospital leadership during the JKN era during February-March 2020. Data collection techniques used three methods including interviews, observation, and document review. The results showed three major themes of leadership style including leadership style transformational, democratic leadership style, and moralist leadership style. The transformational leadership style is the core of the existence of General Hospital X in the JKN era, while the democratic and moral leadership style supports the existence of General Hospital X in the JKN era.
“Health Belief Model” in the Prevention of Chronic Disease in the Elderly
Authors: Lufthiani Lufthiani , Bukit Evi Karota , Siregar Cholina T
Published: October 2022

Chronic disease is a non-communicable disease categorized as a long-term disease due to physiological changes in the body in the elderly. Chronic disease can be prevented with a healthy lifestyle and education through the Health Belief Model with the belief that someone takes a series of actions to overcome disease and reduce side effects. This study aims to determine how the effect of the application of the “Health Belief Model” in the Prevention and Health Care of Chronic Disease in the Elderly, which was carried out with a total sample of 100 respondents. The research design used Quasi Experiment with a pre-test and post-test approach with a control group design, a knowledge questionnaire about chronic disease, disease prevention, and health care including pre-test and post-test, used Paired T-Test with knowledge result p-value 0.000 α (α = 0.05) and health prevention and maintenance p-value 0.000 α. (α = 0.05) so it can be concluded that there is an effect of implementing the “Health Belief Model” in the prevention and maintenance of chronic disease health in the elderly.
Bintaro Leaves (Cerbera manghas): Toxicity to Aedes aegypti Instar III Larvas
Authors: Permana Tutut Indria , Sasmitasari Nur Ilmi Dwi , Susetyarini Eko , Nuryady Moh. Mirza , Dinindra Anka Muhammad , Agustin Jihan Ully , Lutfi Muhammad Ahman , Ayu Putri , Alimatul Zada
Published: October 2022

DHF cases tend to increase from year to year in Indonesia. So the government makes efforts to control cases of Dengue Fever (DHF) which are usually done chemically and harm the environment and health. There is a need for safer, more effective, and environmentally friendly controls, such as using natural ingredients as natural larvicides. Among the natural ingredients having potential as a larvicide is Bintaro leaves (Cerbera manghas). The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of Bintaro leaf extract against third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This experimental study used 7 treatments of Bintaro leaf extract concentration (5 %, 15 %, 25 %, 35 %, 45 %, 65 %, 75 %), abate as a positive control, and distilled water as a negative control. Each treatment used ten instar III Aedes aegypti larvae with four repetitions. The data obtained were then analyzed using probit analysis to determine the toxicity of Bintaro leaf extract to Aedes aegypti larvae by calculating the LC50 and LC90 values. The results showed that the most effective concentration was 75 % because it could kill 100% of the test larvae. The LC50 value of 5,097 % and the LC90 value of 25,300 % indicate that the level of toxicity is very toxic. The probit regression analysis shows a linearity line equation y = 1.15 + 1.43x with a correlation (R2) of 0.512 which indicates that the correlation is strong enough. It is related to the content of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids which are toxic to the abdomen, nervous system, and respiratory system of larvae. From the research results, Bintaro extract with a concentration of 75 % can be used as a natural larvicide candidate. Furthermore, further research to see the toxicity to the environment can be done.are toxic to the abdomen, nervous system, and respiratory system of larvae. From the research results, Bintaro extract with a concentration of 75 % can be used as a natural larvicide candidate. Furthermore, further research to see the toxicity to the environment can be done.
Diarrhea Incidence in Tanah Bumbu, South Kalimantan, Under A Spatial Approach
Authors: Sembiring Wulan Sari Rasna Giri , Hasan Annida , Ferdina Ayunina Rizky
Published: October 2022

Indonesia has seen an increase in diarrhea incidence from 4.5% in 2013 to 6.8% in 2018. South Kalimantan, diarrhea is still a common disease with a relatively high incidence rate. In Tanah Bumbu itself, the incidence of diarrhea from 2014 to 2019 was among the top 10 most common diseases. The percentage of patients served in 2019 was 33.26% of the detection targets. While in infants, only 3.4% of the number of detection targets. This study aims to see the spatial description and influence of the districts’ condition in Tanah Bumbu Regency with the diarrhea incidence. This research took place in the ten districts of Tanah Bumbu Regency. The analysis used in this study was SAR to see the relationship between districts and the incidence of diarrhea and other factors. The results showed that in Tanah Bumbu, factors that affected the incidence of diarrhea include population density (p-value 0.0001), access to quality drinking water (p-value 0.0001), and health facilities (p-value 0.0001).
The Causes Analysis of Pulmonary Function Disorders at Semen X Company
Authors: Sunarsieh Sunarsieh , Permatasari Eno , Hermilestari Ani
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The cement industry is the largest manufacturing industry, vital for sustainable development, and very risky for workers to be exposed to dust in various processes, including production. Continuous exposure to dust can cause pulmonary function disorders. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between dust exposure, age, length of work, working period, use of PPE (masks), smoking habits, and pulmonary function disorders in labor. This research used an observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was a total population of 38 male workers at Semen X company, engaged in the cement bagging industry as business activities. Data collection was by interviewing respondents, measuring the level of inhaled dust with a personal dust sampler, and checking the lung capacity with a spirometer. Data analysis was performed bivariate with the chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the use of PPE (mask) (p = 0.006) with pulmonary function disorders.
The impact of Parkinson’s disease on results of primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Rodríguez-Merchán E Carlos , Kalbakdij-Sánchez Carlos
Published: October 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder.

When patients with PD undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for knee osteoarthritis, poorer knee function and poorer quality of life are obtained than in matched cohorts (MCs). However, the degree of patient satisfaction is usually high.

The mean length of stay is 6.5% longer in patients with PD than in MCs.

Compared with MCs, patients with PD undergoing TKA have a 44% higher risk of complications.

In patients with PD, the overall complication rate is 26.3% compared with 10.5% in MCs; the periprosthetic joint infection rate is 6.5% in patients with PD vs 1.7% in MCs; and the periprosthetic fracture rate is 2.1% in patients with PD vs 1.7% in MCs.

The 90-day readmission rate is 16.29% in patients with PD vs 12.66% in MCs. More flexion contractures occur in patients with PD.

The rate of medical complications is 4.21% in patients with PD vs 1.24% in MCs, and the rate of implant-related complications is 5.09% in patients with PD vs 3.15% in MCs. At 5.3 years’ mean follow-up, the need for revision surgery is 23.6%.

The 10-year implant survival, taking revision of any of the components as an endpoint, is 89.7% in patients with PD vs 98.3% in MCs.
The prognosis of ankle fractures: a systematic review
Authors: Swierstra Bart A , van Enst W Annefloor
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to update the scientific evidence for ankle fracture prognosis by addressing radiographic osteoarthritis, time course and prognostic factors.

A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials, controlled trials or observational studies, including case series and case-control studies investigating radiologically confirmed osteoarthritis in adults with a classified ankle fracture, treated with or without surgery, with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Also included were studies examining prognostic factors predicting radiologically confirmed osteoarthritis. Tibial plafond and talus fractures were excluded.

Thirty-four studies were included examining 3447 patients. Extracted data included study type, inclusion and exclusion criteria, age, number of patients, number of fractures according to the author-reported classification method, radiological osteoarthritis, follow-up period, prognostic factors, and treatment.

Severe heterogeneity was visible in the analyses (I2 > 90%), reflecting clinical heterogeneity possibly arising from the presence of osteoarthritis at baseline, the classifications used for the fractures and for osteoarthritis.

The incidence of osteoarthritis was 25% (95% CI: 18–32) and 34% (95% CI: 23–45) for more severe fractures with involvement of the posterior malleolus.

The severity of the trauma, as reflected by the fracture classification, was the most important prognostic factor for the development of radiographic osteoarthritis, but there is also a risk with simpler injuries.

The period within which osteoarthritis develops or becomes symptomatic with an indication for treatment could not be specified.
Heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment in neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Authors: Brady Lauren , Nelson Peter S
Published: October 2022

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer, generally arising late in the disease trajectory, is a heterogenous subtype that infers a worse prognosis and limited treatment options for patients. Characterization of the complex landscape of this disease subtype and scrutiny of the relationship between tumor cells and cells of the surrounding tumor microenvironment have aided in elucidating some of the mechanisms of neuroendocrine disease biology and have uncovered a multitude of signaling pathways involved in disease transdifferentiation under therapeutic selection. In this review, we discuss current efforts to better understand the heterogenous landscape of neuroendocrine prostate cancer and summarize research efforts to define the interplay between tumor cells and the microenvironment, with an emphasis on the immune component. Research efforts have uncovered several potential therapeutic approaches that may improve disease outcomes for patients diagnosed with neuroendocrine prostate cancer, including the potential for combination immunotherapies. However, additional research is required to fully address and exploit the contribution of tumor cell and microenvironment heterogeneity in developing effective treatment strategies.
Organoprotective Properties of Argon (Review)
Authors: Boeva E. A. , Grebenchikov O. A.
Published: October 2022

The history of studying the organoprotective properties of argon (Ar) began in 1998 when a group of Russian researchers investigated the effect of hypoxic gas mixtures on mammalian organisms. Over several decades, evidence of the cardio-, neuro-, and nephroprotective effects of argon in various diseases and conditions in experimental models in vivo and in vitro have been accumulated. However, the lack of clinical studies to date has prompted us to carry out a systematic review analyzing the results of preclinical studies revealing organoprotective properties of argon, which could provide a rationale for its future clinical studies.

The aimof this review is to describe the mechanisms of organoprotective properties of argon determined in preclinical studies.

Material and methods. The search yielded 266 articles. The search algorithm was developed in accordance with the requirements and reporting guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The methodology included using search queries, keywords (including MeSH), and logical operators. The keywords used for the search in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases were «argon», «ar», «protection», and «mechanism». The review included in vivo and in vitro studies.

Results.The following mechanisms of argon action were identified: activation of N-terminal c-Jun kinase

(JNK), p38(ERK1/2), and ERK1/2 in models of airway epithelial cells, neuronal and astroglial cell cultures, as well as in models of retinal ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats and a rabbit model of ischemia-reperfusion myocardium. Significant neuroprotective effects of argon and its influence on apoptosis were shown using small rodent models.

Conclusion.The results of preclinical studies of argon have proved both its safety and organoprotective properties in in vitro and in vivo models. Analysis of the data provides a rationale for the initiation of clinical studies of argon, which could significantly improve outcomes in patients after cerebrovascular accidents, particularly post ischemic stroke.
Regional Cerebral Oxygenation in Patients with Severe COVID-19
Authors: Bychinin M. V. , Andreichenko S. A. , Klypa T. V. , Mandel I. A.
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to assess regional cerebral oxygenation (rScO₂) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with COVID-19.

Material and methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted. Twenty-eight patients with severe COVID-19 who were admitted in the intensive care unit were enrolled. Regional cerebral oxygenation was assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy, laboratory markers of cerebral damage, clinical and laboratory characteristics.

Results. Median age of patients was 65 years, of whom 50% were men. Three (11%) patients had severe

ARDS, 8 (29%) patients had moderate ARDS, and 17 (60%) patients had mild ARDS. Mechanical ventilation was performed in 20 (71%) patients, vasopressors were used in 14 (50%) patients. The median levels of cerebral saturation were normal and did not differ between the left (rScO₂l) and right (rScO₂r) hemispheres (68 (58–75) and 69 (59–76), respectively). The level of S-100 protein was increased (0.133 (0.061–0.318) µg/l) in contrast to the normal level of neuron-specific enolase (12.5 (8.0–16.5) µg/l). A correlation was found only between rScO₂ and hemoglobin level (rho=0.437, P=0.02) and between rScO₂ and lymphocyte count (rho=–0.449, P=0.016). An increase in S-100 negatively correlated with a decrease in Glasgow Coma Scale score (rho=–0.478, P=0.028).

Conclusion. Near-infrared spectroscopy did not reveal a decrease in rScO₂ among patients with ARDS associated with COVID-19. The S-100 protein is a useful marker for the assessment of impaired consciousness. Further study of the causes of cerebral dysfunction in patients with severe COVID-19 and methods for its early identification is warranted.
Neurotoxicity of Anaesthetics and Sedatives and Their Influence on Post-Operative Maladaptive Behavioural Disorders in Paediatric Anaesthesia (The Letter)
Authors: Petríková Z. A. , Drobná Sániová B. , Jób I.
Published: October 2022

Neurotoxicity of anaesthetics have become one of the most discussed problems in paediatric anaesthesiology. The experimental studies on animal models have shown that the anaesthetics used in general anaesthesia should have an influence on neurodegenerative processes, neuroapoptosis and the irregulated death of the neuronal cells. Because of this fact, scientists are trying to discover the possibilities of how to minimize the adverse effects of anaesthesia and revise the other alternatives of prevention of anaesthesia-induced maladaptive behavioural disorders.
A simple and rapid method for the diameter detection of cellulose nanocrystals via sedimentation method
Authors: Huang Shancong , Xing Jialin , Zhou Guisheng , Xia Xinxing
Published: October 2022

The diameter of nanocellulose most often is detected using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and other related techniques. These detection methods are not only expensive, time-consuming, and complicated to operate, but also are not conducive to the detection of the diameter during the actual production of nanocellulose. In this study, the settling height of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was related to CNC diameter by sedimentation method to find a convenient technique for the rapid detection of CNC diameter. The results showed that when the CNC concentration was at 0.2 wt%, the sodium chloride (NaCl) dosage at 40 g/L, and at the standing time of 48 h, the CNC sedimentation performance was the best. Furthermore, with the increase of CNC diameter, the settling height of CNCs gradually decreased. The relationship between CNC diameter and settling height was Y (Settling height) = -30.17 ln(X (CNC diameter)) + 123.64; and the coefficient of determination for the fit was 0.9965. This research provides a new method for the diameter detection of CNCs in the actual CNCs production in enterprises.
Environmental degradation of cellulose under anaerobic conditions
Authors: Schut Eleanor G.
Published: October 2022

Cellulose is a primary structural component of plants and is one of the most abundant polymers on the Earth. Degradation of this recalcitrant component of plant biomass is an important process in the global carbon cycle and can potentially provide feedstock for biofuels. Fungi and bacteria are the primary organisms able to breakdown biomass-derived cellulose. Anaerobic bacteria, present in cellulose degrading ecosystems, such as compost piles, soils rich in organic matter, aquatic sediments, and digestive systems of herbivores, have developed efficient pathways to maximize metabolic energy from biomass degradation. In the absence of terminal electron acceptors, such as oxygen, hydrogen-producing pathways are common methods of electron carrier recycling. Electron bifurcating systems linked to hydrogen metabolism play an important role in anaerobic metabolism. In this study, samples from environmental cellulose-degrading microbial communities were collected, and the metabolic products produced during anaerobic cellulose degradation were examined. Samples from different environments produced different fermentation products from cellulose, suggesting flexibility in the fermentative degradation pathways. The most abundant products observed included hydrogen, acetate, propionate, butyrate, ethanol, and methane.
Current issues and special features of teacher training in the context of the Bologna process
Authors: Danko Yury
Published: October 2022

This article examines the organization of training of future teachers for the secondary education system in the context of the Bologna process. The Bologna Declaration(1999) marked the beginning of a new stage of higher education in Europe, one of the most important goals of which was the introduction of a multilevel education system, which by 2005 had become a unified standard for most training programs, including teacher education. In the context of teacher training, the undergraduate and graduate levels are of great relevance. One of the most important issues at present is the preparation of a bachelor's degree in teacher education as a sufficient level to start teaching, as well as the role of a master's degree in the context of teaching practice.Within the framework of this study, both theoretical issues of teaching on a two-level model in general, and its features on the example of individual countries are considered. An analysis of previous work in this area, regulatory documents shows that although the Bologna Process is a generally accepted standard, additional conditions may be required to start a professional activity. It has been determined that in some countries the completion of a bachelor's degree is a sufficient condition, while in others it is only an admission to obtaining the right to further pedagogical training.
“Ideal” and “life path” as concepts of spiritual and moral education of present-day schoolchildren
Authors: Gusakova Victoria
Published: October 2022

In the article «The Religion and philosophical bases of the content the spiritual and moral education of the pupils today» is given the pedagogical substantiation of the expediency of education to the religious and philosophical thought of Russia as to bases for staffing of the content of the spiritual and moral education of contemporary pupils. The relevance of this content consists in the need for comprehension by the schoolboys of anthropological ideal and sense of life of man in the period of pluralism in the choice of values and behavioral stereotypes. Age-related education to the values, which are stored in the traditions of orthodox culture and by those being been the object of religious and philosophical thought, being been the object of religious and philosophical thought, through the study of the works of Russian literature and art, makes possible for pupils to master the ideal of humanity of Jesus Christ and to see moral guidances in life of the saints at four levels: literal (lowest, simplest), semiotic, moral and highest anagogical. Appealing to the religious and philosophical thought in orthodox culture is caused by the presence in orthodoxy of the appeared anthropological ideal – God-man Jesus Christ. For the effectiveness of this mastering one should integrate verbal and painterly or icon-painterly images in the didactic unit. Special position in the article is given to the idea of the transfiguration of man, which at the literal and semiotic levels they be present in the fairy tales, and finds expression on the moral and anagogical levels in the works of literature, and to the theme of the beauty, in developed in detail in the religious and philosophical heritage. The disclosure of the theme of beauty occurs on the basis of reflection above the means of Jesus Christ in the works by F. M. Dostoyevsky and K. D. Ushinsky, and also based on the example of picture A. A. Ivanov « The Appearance of Christ Before the People». So that the acquaintance of pupils with the religious and philosophical thought would be organic and valuable necessary to acquaint them with the traditions of orthodox culture by the means of literature and art and from the early years to bring up the aesthetical perception of peace and value relation to its manifestations.
The problem field of development of teaching orthodox culture in the Russian school: approaches to the study
Authors: Metlik Igor
Published: October 2022

The article discusses approaches to the study of the problem of the development of teaching Orthodox culture (the Basics of Orthodox culture) in the Russian general education state and municipal school as an independent academic subject (course, module) at the choice of the family, parents (legal representatives) of underage schoolchildren. The formation of this practice, which began in the late 1990s in the education system of the Russian Federation, in the regions, in schools, has stagnated in the last decade, has not developed to the extent and quality necessary to achieve its goals. The study of this problem is relevant, the search for possible ways to solve it. The initial marking of the problem field is carried out in the article, the main aspects of the problem consideration are highlighted: socio-cultural, pedagogical, socio-psychological. Within their framework, issues of modern legal support for this practice and opportunities for its improvement, the relations of participants in this education, including the organizations of the Russian Orthodox Church, the state of the pedagogical base (state and church educational documents and materials, school teachers teaching Orthodox culture, their status and training, textbooks and manuals on Orthodox culture, educational and methodological support, etc.). In the pedagogical aspect, the most important issue of understanding the goals of teaching Orthodox culture in the general education of children, their upbringing and training, the expected educational results (personal and subject) and the reflection of this understanding in the main educational documents on Orthodox culture, in the subject areas "Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics", "Fundamentals of spiritual and moral culture of peoples" is highlighted Russia" in the education system.
The Impact of Workplace Environment on Expatriates’ Adaptation to New Workplace
Authors: Alabi Boluwatife , Šarkiūnaitė Ingrida
Published: October 2022

As industrialization advances around the world, companies are expanding their operations to other regions of the world, resulting in an increase in demand for expatriates who are required to work outside of their home countries. Expatriates are faced with a lot of changes in the host country (cultural differences, language barrier, etc.) and may also encounter some troubles adapting to the workplace environment (physical environment of the office and the occupational health & safety, relationship with coworkers, working hours, workplace culture, etc.). The workplace environment can affect expatriate adaptation negatively or positively. The research results showed that employees who receive cultural and diversity training from their companies tend to be more productive and are at ease in their new roles. Companies are encouraged to establish a diversified environment for their employees in order to lower the likelihood of early repatriation.
The Impact of Innovative Human Resources Management Practices on Employee Behavior
Authors: Pavlova Oksana
Published: October 2022

This paper aims to define the aspects (practices) of innovative human resources management and identify the impact on such behavioral outcomes as employee engagement and organizational commitment at the workplace. Proposed practices for innovative human resources management are: idiosyncratic work arrangements, high performance work systems (HPWS), sustainable workplace, employee autonomy. Review of primary and secondary sources has shown that these variables are related to such positive organizational outcomes as workplace productivity, flexibility, level of innovativeness, resistance to internal and external threats. In addition, it was indicated that intensity of HPWS can lead to a workplace burnout in the long run and it is crucial to understand how HRM practices work and what we should expect. This paper gives an overview of abovementioned HRM practices and what impact they can make on employee behavioral outcomes.
The Link Between the Business Process Management Capabilities and the Benefits Created by Robotic Process Automation in an Organisation
Authors: Stravinskienė Inga
Published: October 2022

In the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, as organisations are increasingly confronted with unclear and complex business environments, digital technologies are being used to acquire and maintain dynamism, innovation, responsiveness to changing societal needs, and agility, which are essential in this time of changes. In the current competitive environment, organising the performance of an organisation solely on the basis of functions and assignments is no longer appropriate. There is a growing interest in the concept of the process-oriented organisation (Szelagowski, & Berniak-Woźny 2020) and a growing focus on the digitalisation of operations and business processes (Kirchmer 2017; Siderska 2020). This article aims to define the link between the essential aspects of the Business Process Management capabilities and the benefit generated by Robotic Process Automation based on theoretical insights.
Interferencje kulturowe w narracjach podróżnych. Wincenty Lutosławski i jego Wędrówki Iberyjskie
Authors: Sawicki Piotr
Published: October 2022

The main subject of the article covers the transmission of cultural values in travellers’ accounts, in particular it features the role of language as a communication tool. Illustrations come from Wincenty Lutosławski’s ‘Wędrówki Iberyjskie’ (1909, new edition 2021) and depict the extracts from literary and academic life in Spain and Portugal, as well as the matter of ethnical minorities (such as Arabs, Jews or Romani), whom he had met during his travel. The separate aspect of this article presents polish philosopher’s life companion – Sofía Casanova, whom he had met in Madrid and who had a huge impact on progress of Polish and Spanish relations. In the end, the article indicates similarities between Polish and Spanish nations, which form, in author’s opinion, additional motivation to get to know the country, which civilization achievements could become a part of a very important component of Polish youth’s education.
Akty prośby w polsko- i rosyjskojęzycznych wiadomościach przesyłanych na kartach pocztowych
Authors: Dzienisiewicz Daniel
Published: October 2022

The aim of this article is to analyze and compare Polish and Russian speech acts of request observed in messages sent on postcards. The presented analysis is a continuation of research into pragmatic as well as cultural aspects of postcard texts. The considerations presented in the article lead us to conclude that both similarities and differences can be found in Polish and Russian speech acts of request. For instance, one can observe discrepancies in their location within the structure of postcard messages. As far as similarities are concerned, the analysis shows among others that the basic form of speech acts of request in the messages written in both languages are sentences with imperative verb forms. The practice of expressing requests directly and explicitly might be caused by the small size of the postcard, but it can also be the result of symmetrical relationships between interaction partners.
International co-authored publications: The effect of joining the European Union or being part of the European Research Area
Authors: Marini Giulio
Published: October 2022

The paper investigates the increasing number of international co-authored publications, comparing countries that accessed the European Union (EU) in 2004 (EU04) against other Central-Eastern European Countries (othEast-ERA), adopting a scientometric approach. This comparison looks at whether to be part of the EU is different from being part of the European Research Area (ERA) – given that both entities aim at fostering more international collaborations. The hypothesis is that EU might convey more opportunities for the sake of international publications, although ERA assures access to European funding schemes anyway. Analysing the census of internationally co-authored publications from 1995 to 2015, difference-in-differences regressions show that Countries that joined EU in 2004 performed better than other Central-Eastern ones. Implications for the public policies in science are discussed.