bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revision of Palaearctic species of the genus Cionus Clairville (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cionini)
Authors: KOŠŤÁL MICHAEL , CALDARA ROBERTO
Published: July 2019

Palaearctic species of the genus Cionus Clairville, 1798 are revised and 61 species are recognized as valid. Sixteen species are described as new to science: Cionus armeniacus sp. n., C. boroveci sp. n., C. colonnellii sp. n., C. dodeki sp. n., C. harani sp. n., C. himalayensis sp. n., C. khorasanicus sp. n., C. laibalei sp. n., C. maurus sp. n., C. negevicola sp. n., C. neglectus sp. n., C. osmanlis sp. n., C. rossicus sp. n., C. rufescens sp. n., C. winkelmanni sp. n. and C. yunnanensis sp. n. Cionus auriculus Reitter, 1904 stat. n. is resurrected from the synonymy of C. hortulanus (Geoffroy, 1785), C. atlanticus Peyerimhoff, 1926 stat. prom. is raised to specific rank from C. longicollis atlanticus, C. montanus Wingelmüller, 1914 stat. prom. is raised to specific rank from C. longicollis montanus, C. affinis Brahm, 1790 syn. n. is synonymized with C. scrophulariae (Linnaeus, 1758), C. franzi A. Hoffmann, 1960 syn. n. with C. hortulanus (Geoffroy, 1785), C. inexspectatus Tempère, 1961 syn. n. with C. leonhardi Wingelmüller, 1914, C. pulverosus densenotatus Reitter, 1914 syn. n. with C. pulverosus Guérin-Méneville, 1833, C. schoenherri laportei A. Hoffmann, 1953 syn. n. with C. schoenherri C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863, C. schultzei nuristanus Voss, 1937 syn. n. with C. dependens Faust, 1886, C. scrophulariae albosuturatus Roubal, 1936 syn. n. with C. scrophulariae (Linnaeus, 1758), C. subsquamosus Reitter, 1914 syn. n. with C. hortulanus (Geoffroy, 1785), C. thapsus semialbellus Reitter, 1904 syn. n. with C. gebleri Gyllenhal, 1838, C. thapsus tissoni Reitter, 1904 syn. n. with C. thapsus (Fabricius, 1792). Neotypes of Cionus griseopubens Wingelmüller, 1914, Cionus ungulatus Germar, 1821, Cionus villae Comolli, 1837, Curculio affinis Brahm, 1790, Curculio alauda Herbst, 1784, Curculio bipustulatus Marsham, 1802 and Curculio tuberculosus Scopoli, 1763 are designated. Curculio thapsus Fabricius, 1792 (currently Cionus) is formally proposed as nom. protectum and Curculio assimilis Harrer, 1784 as nom. oblitum. Redescriptions, comparative morphology, distributions, biological notes and key to all Palaearctic species are given.
Schoolchildren’s play – A tool for health education
Authors: Sjöblom Margareta , Jacobsson Lars , Öhrling Kerstin , Kostenius Catrine
Published: July 2019

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to gain more knowledge about the phenomenon of the inner child in relation to health and well-being as reflected in play experienced by schoolchildren.

Design/method:

Participants were 20 schoolchildren recruited from a primary school in a medium-size city in central Sweden. The children who agreed to participate were 14 girls and 6 boys aged between 9 and 10 years old in grade 3. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used to analyse the data consisting of the schoolchildren’s drawings and transcribed interviews. Participants’ verbal reflections on their drawings enabled deeper insight into their lived experiences of play.

Results:

Findings from this study demonstrate how schoolchildren are influenced by the inner child in childhood to handle conflicts, to cope, to make choices, to build relationships to connect and to dream about the future. The schoolchildren in this study developed their coping skills in conflict situations as part of friendship making.

Conclusion:

The value play offers for health and well-being reveals how schoolchildren are influenced by the inner child in childhood. Gaining knowledge from schoolchildren’s own voices about play makes a worthwhile contribution to research. In addition, the value play provides to schoolchildren’s health and well-being suggest that play can be an important tool as part of health education.
Make in India Initiatives in Metro Rails
Authors: Mishra Durga Shanker
Published: July 2019

In line with the Government of India’s focus on Make in India, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) became the first ministry to issue Phased Manufacturing Plan (PMP) for indigenous procurement of metro rail components. Accordingly, the specification of various components has been standardised to engage and encourage long-term investment in the fast-growing metro-rail sector, which already has 657 km of operational lines in eighteen cities along with more than 800 km of metro rail projects under construction in twenty-seven cities. India is now almost self-sufficient for power supply traction and track material. Further, MoHUA has successful negations with JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) and ADB (Asian Development Bank) to encourage indigenous production and assembling for the upcoming Chennai Metro and Mumbai Metro. MoHUA has also issued Metro Rail Policy 2017 to focus on systematic planning and imple-mentation and guide state governments with emphasis on standardisation and indigenisation of metro technologies keeping in view import substitution, export promotion, sustainability and cost-reduction (Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, 2017).
Cortical 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor biased agonist, NLX-101, displays rapid-acting antidepressant-like properties in the rat chronic mild stress model
Authors: Depoortère Ronan , Papp Mariusz , Gruca Piotr , Lason-Tyburkiewicz Magdalena , Niemczyk Monika , Varney Mark A , Newman-Tancredi Adrian
Published: July 2019

Background:

NLX-101 (also known as F15599) is a highly selective and efficacious ‘biased’ agonist at cortical 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) heteroreceptors. In rodents, it possesses marked antidepressant-like activity, potently and completely abolishing immobility in the forced swim test (FST) with extended duration of action.

Methods:

We investigated the antidepressant-like activity of NLX-101 using the rat chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression, considered to have a higher translational potential than the FST, as it possesses construct, face and predictive validity. The effects of CMS and repeated NLX-101 treatment were tested using sucrose consumption (a measure of anhedonia), novel object recognition (NOR; a measure of working memory) and elevated plus maze (EPM; a measure of anxiety) tests.

Results:

NLX-101 reversed the CMS-induced decrease of sucrose intake on day 1 of testing, with full reversal observed at the dose of 0.16 mg/kg and a less pronounced but still significant effect at 0.04 mg/kg, both given twice a day intraperitoneally. The effects of NLX-101 were maintained over the 2 week treatment period and persisted for four weeks following cessation of treatment. In the NOR test, both doses of NLX-101 rescued the deficit in discrimination index caused by CMS, without any effect on locomotor activity. However, NLX-101 had no effect on the reduction of open-arms entries produced by CMS in the EPM model. In control, non-stressed rats, NLX-101 produced non-significant effects in all three models.

Conclusions:

NLX-101 displayed efficacious activity in the CMS test, with more rapid (1 day) antidepressant-like effects than pharmacological compounds tested previously under the same experimental conditions. These observations suggest that biased agonist targeting of cortical 5-HT1A receptors constitutes a promising strategy to achieve rapid-acting and sustained antidepressant effects.
Size Increase in Panum’s Fusional Range Is Driven by Eccentricity and Not Separation
Authors: Harrold Ashleigh L. , Grove Philip M.
Published: July 2019

Previous research has demonstrated that Panum’s fusional range increases in the periphery, and this increase is usually attributed to eccentricity. However, it is unclear whether the increase in the periphery is driven by eccentricity or separation between the stimulus and the central fixation marker. In Experiment 1, we independently measured the effects of eccentricity and stimulus separation on Panum’s fusional range for horizontal disparities. We observed significant increases in Panum’s range as eccentricity increased independently of stimulus separation. Experiment 2 revealed that the extent of Panum’s fusional range for vertical disparities increased with eccentricity independently of stimulus separation. Taken together, these results strongly support previously held conclusions that Panum’s fusional range for both horizontal and vertical disparities increases with increasing eccentricity and is little impacted by stimulus separation.
Wave dispersion characteristics of agglomerated multi-scale hybrid nanocomposite beams
Authors: Ebrahimi Farzad , Seyfi Ali , Dabbagh Ali
Published: July 2019

Herein, the agglomeration effect of nanoparticles on the wave dispersion of multi-scale hybrid nanocomposite beams is investigated. The constituent material consists of both macro- and nano-reinforcements which are dispersed in the polymer matrix. Homogenization is conducted according to the well-known micromechanical methods. Herein, the combination of the Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka model and the rule of the mixture is implemented in order to estimate the equivalent material properties of the nanocomposite beam. Also, a refined higher-order beam theory is used in order to calculate the kinetic relations free from utilizing an additional factor to account for the shear deformation. Furthermore, the governing equations are achieved by applying Hamilton’s principle. Then, the governing equations are solved analytically to enrich the wave frequency. The effects of various parameters on the variation in wave frequency and phase velocity of the multi-scale hybrid nanocomposite beam are studied. The results of this study reveal that the mechanical responses of the system decrease whenever the nanotubes are inside the clusters.
Clinical Features and Surgical Outcomes of Patients With Moyamoya Disease and the Homozygous RNF213 p.R4810K Variant
Authors: Zhang Qian , Ge Peicong , Ma Yonggang , Zhang Dong , Wang Rong , Zhang Yan , Wang Shuo , Cao Yong , Zhao Meng , Zhao Jizong
Published: July 2019

The ring-finger protein 213 ( RNF213) gene is a major susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease. The homozygote of the p.R4810K variant on RNF213 exhibits an early onset age and severe form of moyamoya disease. We report 4 unrelated pediatric moyamoya disease cases with the homozygous p.R4810K variant and the long-term surgical outcomes. Published reports on surgical outcome of moyamoya disease case with the homozygous p.R4810K variant were reviewed. Cerebral angiography revealed classic angiographic findings of moyamoya disease in 7 hemispheres of the 4 children. All patients underwent successful indirect revascularization. Abundant collateral blood flow from the external carotid arteries to the internal carotid arteries was observed in all bypass procedures by angiography. Improvements in symptoms and cerebral blood volume were observed in all patients at long-term follow-up. This report is the first case series in the literature on the surgical management of these patients. These cases highlight the effectiveness of indirect revascularization for moyamoya disease patients with the homozygous p.R4810K variant. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to avoid irreversible neurologic deficits in these patients.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Community Violence Exposure in Russian Adolescents
Authors: Stickley Andrew , Koposov Roman , Koyanagi Ai , Oh Hans , Ruchkin Vladislav
Published: July 2019

A large body of research has shown that exposure to community violence is common for many children across the world. However, less is known about exposure in particular subgroups such as those children with developmental disorders. To address this research gap, the aim of this study was to examine community violence exposure (CVE) in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and the role of gender in this association. Data were analyzed from 2,782 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from Arkhangelsk, Russia that were collected during the Social and Health Assessment (SAHA). ADHD status was assessed with the hyperactivity/inattention scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Information was obtained on past-year witnessing and violence victimization in the community. Results showed that CVE was more prevalent in children with ADHD symptoms. Specifically, 75.1% of children with ADHD symptoms had been exposed to any violence versus 62.3% in the non-ADHD group (χ2 = 18.65, p < .001). Multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVAs) revealed that CVE was significantly higher for adolescents with ADHD symptoms for both witnessing and victimization, while exposure was significantly higher for ADHD boys compared with girls. The findings of this study suggest that CVE may be elevated in adolescents with higher ADHD symptoms. Given that CVE has been associated with a variety of negative social and psychological outcomes in typically developing children, an important task for future research is to determine what factors are associated with CVE in adolescents with ADHD symptoms including those relating to such phenomena as comorbid psychopathology, the family, and peer relations, so that interventions can be designed and implemented to reduce CVE and its detrimental effects in this population.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Homicides With Victim and Suspect Race or Hispanic Ethnicity Discordance in the United States: Analysis of National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) 2005-2015
Authors: Frankenfeld Cara L. , Leslie Timothy F.
Published: July 2019

Cross-racial violence is a high-profile issue in the United States; however, there is little empirical research on the epidemiology of cross-racial homicides. The objective of this work was to use national-level data to evaluate the characteristics of homicides in which the victim and suspect are of the same or different race or Hispanic ethnicity. Victims and suspects from National Violent Death Reporting System data (2005-2015) were classified into seven-categories on the basis of race/ethnicity (six non-Hispanic races or Hispanic ethnicity), and 51,454 homicide events were classified as concordant (same race or ethnicity), discordant (different race or ethnicity), or unknown (missing race or ethnicity or no suspect information). While discordancy was observed to be similar across all race and ethnicity groups, it was less likely with relatives, romantic partners, and relatives of romantic partners; less likely to occur at home; less likely to occur in intimate partner violence–related homicides; less likely when the homicide was preceded by an argument over money or property; less likely when the homicide was associated with a family problem; more likely among rival gangs and strangers than other known person relationships; and more likely with drug-involved homicides. There were differences for victims of non-Hispanic Black race. Notably, discordance was more likely for justifiable self-defense and more likely with victim having used a weapon. These results suggest that discordant homicides may follow patterns of peer groups and close relationships in society regardless of victim race/ethnicity, that is, individuals may form closer relationships with individuals of the same race/ethnicity.
The Effect of Performance Quality and Customer Education on Attitudinal Loyalty: A Cross-Country Study of Opera Festival Attendees
Authors: Vigolo Vania , Bonfanti Angelo , Brunetti Federico
Published: July 2019

Nonprofit arts organizations attracting an international audience should strive to understand how perceptions and intentional behaviors might differ between attendees from different countries. This study investigates the effects of performance quality and customer education (i.e., number of performances attended and self-perceived expertise) on attitudinal loyalty to an opera festival from a cross-country perspective. In addition, it explores the moderating effect of self-perceived expertise on the relationship between performance quality and attitudinal loyalty. Based on a survey of Italian, German, and British attendees ( N = 7,252), the findings reveal that performance quality predicts attitudinal loyalty for all subsamples. The number of performances attended has a significant, but negative, effect on attitudinal loyalty for Italian respondents, while self-perceived expertise has a significant positive effect on attitudinal loyalty for Italian and British respondents, as well as a significant moderating effect for all subsamples. Implications for nonprofit arts managers are discussed.
Intersectionalized Professional Identities and Gender in the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries
Authors: Griffin Gabriele
Published: July 2019

Digital Humanities (DH) has emerged as a new academic employment field in the past 20 years or so. Its place within the academy remains contested, differently realized and materialized in different socio-cultural contexts. It conjoins domains conventionally female-dominated (Humanities disciplines) with technology domains that have been regarded as male-dominated. Yet while there has been much research on women within technology-driven work environments in general, there has been no research on DH as an emerging employment context, or on the impacts of gender in its formation both as workplace and as a site for professional identities. This article draws on qualitative research conducted in 2017/18. It examines how gender, DH as a materialized workplace, and professional identities within it, are imbricated in a field characterized by ‘intersectionalized identities’. These ‘intersectionalized identities’ have particular effects, producing ‘vacated spaces’ as metaphorical and as material gaps.
A modal parameter identification method of machine tools based on particle swarm optimization
Authors: Yang Mengxiang , Dai Yalan , Huang Qiang , Mao Xinyong , Li Liangjie , Jiang Xuchu , Peng Yili
Published: July 2019

The dynamic characteristics of the computerized numerical control (CNC) machine tool directly affect its machining quality, and it is necessary to carry out the working mode analysis of the CNC machine tool. The traditional manual analysis and identification process is complicated and inefficient. In the industrial environment of big data, how to use the working modal analysis method to quickly and accurately obtain the dynamic characteristic parameters of the machine tool processing from these data has become the research difficulty at the current stage. This paper proposes an optimized particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve this problem. Based on the working modal analysis theory, the semi-self-power spectrum of the output signal can replace the frequency response function for modal parameter identification. The optimized semi-self-power spectrum signal is used as the objective function of the algorithm, and the ability of the algorithm to preprocess the data is optimized, so that the improved algorithm can automatically analyze the structural mode of the machine tool during processing. Comparing the experimental results, it is found that the natural frequency identification error of the cantilever beam is less than 1%, and the natural frequency identification error of the CNC milling machine is not more than 7%. The results show that the particle swarm optimization algorithm based on modal analysis theory can be applied to the automatic analysis of modal parameters under machine tool operating conditions, and it is efficient and accurate.
The Role of Trauma Type and Age in the Relation Between Trauma Exposure and Intelligence
Authors: McGuire Austen , Jackson Yo
Published: July 2019

Experiencing potentially traumatic events (PTEs) is associated with deficits in cognitive functioning for youth. Previous research has demonstrated that PTE type may influence the association between PTE experiences and intelligence, such that IQ scores may differ by the type of PTE experienced. Additionally, mixed findings in the literature suggest that these associations might differ by age. The current study examined the association between PTE type and IQ and how age may moderate this association. In a sample of youth in foster care ( N = 328, Mage= 13.25), physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and family PTEs were directly associated with verbal and nonverbal IQ. Age significantly moderated the association between IQ and neglect and academic PTEs. Results suggest that broad PTE grouping methods or failing to account for both maltreatment and general PTEs in samples of youth in foster care may conceal differences in how PTEs relate to intellectual functioning.
Demonstrating the value of the oncology pharmacist within the healthcare team
Authors: M Segal Eve , Bates Jill , Fleszar Sara L , Holle Lisa M , Kennerly-Shah Julie , Rockey Michelle , Jeffers Kate D
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Although many oncology pharmacists are embedded members within the healthcare team, data documenting their contributions to optimal patient outcomes are growing. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the value of the oncology pharmacist within the healthcare team and describe the knowledge, skills, and functions of the oncology pharmacist.

Methods

A systematic literature review of articles that were published on PubMed between January 1951 and October 2018 was completed. Identified abstracts were reviewed and included if they focused on measuring the value or impact of the oncology pharmacist on provider/patient satisfaction, improvement of medication safety, improvement of quality/clinical care outcomes, economics, and intervention acceptance. Review articles, meta-analysis, and studies not evaluating oncology pharmacist activities were excluded. Studies were thematically coded into four themes (clinical care, patient education, informatics, and cost savings) by 10 oncology pharmacists.

Results

Four-hundred twenty-two articles were identified, in which 66 articles met inclusion criteria for this review. The selected literature included 27 interventional and 38 descriptive studies. The value of the oncology pharmacist was demonstrated by published articles in four key themes: clinical care, patient education, informatics, and cost savings.

Conclusion

With an expected shortage of oncology physicians and the ongoing development of complex oncology therapies, the board-certified oncology pharmacist is well suited to serve as a physician extender alongside nurse practitioners and/or physician assistants as the medication expert on the oncology care team. The demonstrated value of the oncology pharmacist supports their role as frontline providers of patient care.
Propagation and attenuation of guided waves in stressed viscoelastic waveguides
Authors: Li Chunlei , Han Qiang , Wang Zhan , Liu Yijie
Published: July 2019

The motion of guided waves in viscoelastic waveguides is generally accompanied by energy transport and dissipation. Envisioned applications demand an accurate understanding of both propagating and evanescent of waves related to dispersive properties. This paper uses the isogeometric analysis to consider wave characteristics in stressed viscoelastic waveguides based on the Floquet’s principle. Parameterized wave equation considering the acoustoelasticity and viscoelasticity is obtained from the virtual power principle and the updated Lagrangian format. In addition, the energy velocity of a guided wave mode is derived in the linear incremental theory. Error estimations of cutoff frequencies for flexural wave modes are shown for the comparison between the wave isogeometric analysis method and the classic wave finite element method. The results indicate the former can provide smaller error compared with the latter. Then, phase velocity, energy velocity, and wave attenuation are presented for two kinds of viscoelastic structures (double cylindrical rods, functionally graded material plates) under different loaded cases. The effects of stress and viscoelasticity are also demonstrated in detail.
Revisiting “The Art of Being Fragile”: Why cultural psychology needs literature and poetry
Authors: Lehmann Olga V. , Brinkmann Svend
Published: July 2019

Writers devote their lives to find words that faithfully resemble what is at the core of human experience and existence. Thus, psychologists interested in understanding human development in everyday life could turn toward writers and poets with humble curiosity. In this article, we illustrate how a narrative analysis of a work of art can be done, taking “ The Art of Being Fragile. How Leopardi can Save your Life” by the Italian writer and teacher Alessandro D’Avenia as a case. In addition, we reflect upon the mastery with which the author sheds light on aspects that theories in cultural psychology have tried to unveil. Such aspects are: (a) poetic activism: a revolution of the poetics of everyday life; (b) the poetics of human development; (c) the beauty within the fragile as a master; and (d) the intuition of the spirit as an invitation.
Competence in professional psychology practice in Ghana: Qualitative insights from practicing clinical health psychologists
Authors: de-Graft Aikins Ama , Osei-Tutu Annabella , Agyei Francis , Asante Paapa Yaw , Aboyinga Hannah , Adjei Alexandra , Ahulu Linda Dede , Botchway Irene , Britwum Marian , Agyei Wiafe Samuel , Edu-Ansah Kofi , Nkrumah Rita , Ohenewaa Esther , Vogelsang Joycelyn Kalitsi , Ketor Robert
Published: July 2019

Issues concerning competence of practicing psychologists have not been critically investigated in Ghana. This study used the three-dimensional cube model of core competencies as a framework to explore competencies of professional psychologists in active clinical health practice in Ghana. Sixteen clinical psychologists with 1 to 20 years of practicing experience were interviewed on adequacy of their graduate training for practice as well as maintaining post-training competence. The results suggested that training equipped the practitioners mainly for research and teaching but less so for clinical practice. Reflective practice was underdeveloped leading to critical challenges in emotional and cultural competencies. Structural support for continuous professional development was limited. Implications for professional psychology training, research and practice are discussed. This study is the first to explore competence issues in professional psychology practice in Ghana, and it contributes to the global discourse on continuous competence in psychology.
A Stopped Pilot Study of the ProGlide Closure Device After Transbrachial Endovascular Interventions
Authors: Meertens Max M. , de Haan Michiel W. , Schurink Geert W. H. , Mees Barend M. E.
Published: July 2019

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of the suture-mediated ProGlide device in closure of the brachial artery after endovascular interventions. Materials and Methods: From 2016 to 2017, a pilot study was performed using the ProGlide to achieve hemostasis after percutaneous access of distal brachial arteries >4 mm in diameter. In an interim analysis, the results were compared to a matched control group taken from a 60-patient historical cohort who underwent brachial artery access and manual compression to achieve hemostasis between 2014 and 2017. The primary outcome was access-related reintervention and the secondary outcome was the incidence of access-site complications. Results: Seven patients (mean age 67.9 years; 6 men) were enrolled in the study before it was stopped in 2017. Four patients experienced 6 access-site complications (neuropathy, hematoma, occlusion, and pseudoaneurysm). These resulted in 3 access-related reinterventions: surgical evacuation of a hematoma, thrombectomy of the occluded brachial artery, and surgical repair of the pseudoaneurysm. In the interim comparison to the 19 matched patients (mean age 61.9 years; 6 men), the ProGlide group had proportionally more patients experiencing access-related complications (57% vs 16% for manual compression, p=0.035) and resultant reinterventions (43% vs 11%, p=0.064). Based on this data the trial was stopped. Conclusion: Considering this experience, it is not advisable to use the ProGlide in transbrachial endovascular interventions due to the high incidence of complications and access-related reinterventions.
Assessing uncertainty and risk in an expeditionary military logistics network
Authors: McConnell Brandon M , Hodgson Thom J , Kay Michael G , King Russell E , Liu Yunan , Parlier Greg H , Thoney-Barletta Kristin , Wilson James R
Published: July 2019

Uncertainty is rampant in military expeditionary operations spanning high-intensity combat to humanitarian operations. These missions require rapid planning and decision-support tools to address the logistical challenges involved in providing support in often austere environments. The US Army’s adoption of an enterprise resource planning system provides an opportunity to develop automated decision-support tools and other analytical models designed to take advantage of newly available logistical data. This research presents a tool that runs in near-real time to assess risk while conducting capacity planning and performance analysis designed for inclusion in a suite of applications dubbed the Military Logistics Network Planning System, which previously only evaluated the mean sample path. Logistical data from combat operations during Operation Iraqi Freedom drive supply requisition forecasts for a contingency scenario in a similar geographic environment. A nonstationary queueing network model is linked with a heuristic logistics scheduling methodology to provide a stochastic framework to account for uncertainty and assess risk.
Research on tourism industrial cluster and information platform based on Internet of things technology
Authors: Li Xue
Published: July 2019

With the continuous development of Internet of things technology, the tourism industry cluster based on the Internet of things platform has gradually formed, and the resource integration mechanism of industrial clusters under the Internet of things platform has gradually become a research hotspot. Starting from the theory of niche research in tourism industry cluster, this article improves the mode of industrial clusters through the Internet of things platform. Then, combining resource integration game model, the resource integration mechanism of Internet of things tourism industry cluster is formed. Relying on the information management model of the Internet of things industry, the information platform of industrial clusters is constructed, and the simulation research is carried out by MATLAB. The results show that the overall industrial income generated by the resource allocation mechanism under the Internet of things platform is better than that under the traditional resource allocation mechanism, and the resources integration of tourism industry cluster under the Internet of things platform is achieved, which provides a theoretical basis.
Wide-Awake Anesthesia for Olecranon Fracture Fixation
Authors: Ahmad Amir Adham , Sabari Shahril Shuhairi , Ruslan Shairil Rahayu , Abdullah Shalimar , Ahmad Abdul Rauf
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Wide-awake local anesthesia and no tourniquet (WALANT) has come a long way. It has been reported to be successful in the surgery of distal radius and ulna fractures. We report a case of olecranon fracture plating under WALANT. Methods: Surgery was performed with the patient fully conscious where tumescent anesthesia was injected into the surgical site without application of tourniquet 30 minutes before the first incision. Posterior approach to the elbow was used, and the fracture was fixed with anatomical locking plates. Results: The surgery was successfully completed without pain. The numerical pain rating score was 0 throughout the surgery. Conclusions: The use of WALANT for surgical fixation can be expanded beyond the hand and wrist. This is a safe and simple option for patients at high risk of general anesthesia, producing similar surgical outcomes without intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Practising reflexivity: Ethics, methodology and theory construction
Authors: Subramani Supriya
Published: July 2019

Reflexivity as a concept and practice is widely recognized and acknowledged in qualitative social science research. In this article, through an account of the ‘reflexive moments’ I encountered during my doctoral research, which employed critical theory perspective and constructivist grounded theory methodology, I elaborate how ethics, methodology and theory construction are intertwined. Further, I dwell on the significance of reflexivity, particularly in qualitative research analysing bioethics concepts. Through an account of the universal ethical principles that ‘I’, as a researcher, encounter, and a micro-analysis of the observed relationships that influence the theoretical construction and arguments developed, I explore the quandaries an ethics researcher undertaking a reflexive approach faces. I elucidate that reflexivity unveils – for both researcher and reader – how the researcher(s) arrive(s) at certain positions during the knowledge construction process. I conclude by stating that reflexivity demystifies the moral and epistemological stances of both the study and researcher(s).
The Interactive Effect of Positive Psychological Capital and Organizational Trust on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Yildiz Harun
Published: July 2019

To date, numerous empirical studies have been conducted to investigate the link between organizational trust and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). However, it is surprising that the moderating role of positive psychological capital (PsyCap) on the relationship between organizational trust and OCBs has not been directly tested. Thus, this relationship is currently under-researched. Addressing this gap in the organization literature, the purpose of this study is to examine the potential moderating role of positive PsyCap on the relationship between organizational trust and OCBs. Given this context and purpose of the study, the data collected from a sample of 1,100 health care employees from seven hospitals in Istanbul provided good support for the hypothesis. The findings indicate that positive PsyCap moderates the relationship between organizational trust and OCBs in such a manner that the relationship is stronger when positive PsyCap is high. The research findings are discussed with a view to implications and suggestions for future research.
The Influence of Cervical Spondylolisthesis on Clinical Presentation and Surgical Outcome in Patients With DCM: Analysis of a Multicenter Global Cohort of 458 Patients
Authors: Nouri Aria , Kato So , Badhiwala Jetan H. , Robinson Michael , Mejia Munne Juan , Yang George , Jeong William , Nasser Rani , Gimbel David A. , Cheng Joseph S. , Fehlings Michael G.
Published: July 2019

Study Design:

Ambispective study with propensity matching.

Objective:

To assess the impact of cervical spondylolisthesis (CS) on clinical presentation and surgical outcome in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).

Methods:

A total of 458 magnetic resonance images (MRIs) from the AOSpine CSM-NA and CSM-I studies were reviewed and CS was identified. Patients with DCM were divided into 2 cohorts, those with CS and those without, and propensity matching was performed. Patient demographics, neurological and functional status at baseline and 2-year follow-up were compared.

Results:

Compared with nonspondylolisthesis (n = 404), CS patients (n = 54) were 8.8 years older ( P < .0001), presented with worse baseline neurological and functional status (mJOA [modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association Assessment Scale], P = .008; Nurick, P = .008; SF-36-PCS [Short Form–36 Physical Component Score], P = .01), more commonly presented with ligamentum flavum enlargement (81.5% vs 53.5%, P < .0001), and were less commonly from Asia ( P = .0002). Surgical approach varied between cohorts ( P = .0002), with posterior approaches favored in CS (61.1% vs 37.4%). CS patients had more operated levels (4.3 ± 1.4 vs 3.6 ± 1.2, P = .0002) and tended to undergo longer operations (196.6 ± 89.2 vs 177.2 ± 75.6 minutes, P = .087). Neurological functional recovery was lower with CS (mJOA [1.5 ± 3.6 vs 2.8 ± 2.7, P = .003]; Nurick [−0.8 ± 1.4 vs −1.5 ± 1.5, P = .002]), and CS was an independent predictor of worse mJOA recovery ratio at 2 years (B = −0.190, P < .0001). After propensity matching, improvement of neurological function was still lower in CS patients (mJOA [1.5 ± 3.6 vs 3.2 ± 2.8, P < .01]; Nurick [−0.8 ± 1.4 vs −1.4 ± 1.6, P = .02]).

Conclusions:

CS patients are older, present with worse neurological/functional impairment, and receive surgery on more levels and more commonly from the posterior. CS may indicate a more advanced state of DCM pathology and is more likely to result in a suboptimal surgical outcome.
Negotiating networked infrastructural inequalities: Governance, electricity access, and space in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Pilo' Francesca
Published: July 2019

In cities of the Global South, universal physical access to networked infrastructures, such as electricity and water, is often presented as enabling the reduction of social and spatial divisions. Whereas most of the discussions in these cities have focused on the obstacles to networked infrastructure expansion, little attention has been paid to the increased universalization of the physical electricity network in several Latin American, Caribbean, and Asian cities. This article unpacks the discussions around the modern infrastructural ideal and its local reshaping by building on the case of Rio de Janeiro, which has achieved universal grid electricity coverage, but where strong urban inequalities remain. By focusing on electricity grid management in favelas, this article analyzes how infrastructural inequalities emerge within the network. It suggests that, in order to understand how urban inequalities are reproduced or mitigated through networked infrastructure, it is important to consider the governance aspects of managing infrastructure. It develops this argument by focusing on the multi-level and heterogeneous spaces of infrastructure governance, including both national and institutionalized arenas, and local everyday practices between local actors on the ground. This analysis shows how networked infrastructural inequalities emerge from negotiation processes in which the fragmented nature of the urban environment is embedded. Through this analysis, the article contributes to current discussions on the urban geography and techno-politics of infrastructure by highlighting the negotiated nature of infrastructural inequalities beyond the modern infrastructural ideal.
Dhat Syndrome: Study of Clinical Presentations in a Teaching Institute of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Shakya Dhana Ratna
Published: July 2019

Background: “Dhat syndrome” is described as a culture-bound syndrome, common mainly in the Southeast Asian region, including Nepal. We have limited data on this problem from Nepal.

Objective: To study clinico-demographic profile of “Dhat syndrome” cases, with the focus on its clinical presentations seen in psychiatry out-patient clinic of B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS).

Methodology: All consecutive out-patients with the diagnosis of “Dhat syndrome” coming into contact of the investigator in psychiatry OPD were enrolled during 12 months of study period. A pretested short questionnaire, including their view about “semen loss” and “masturbation,” was used. Psychiatric diagnoses were made according the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10).

Results: Majority of the subjects were of productive ages; average age was 25 years. More of them were of Terai origin and from villages, though there were people also from other ethnic groups and urban settings. Most of them were educated but up to a middle/secondary level only. Most of the cases presented with depressive and anxiety symptoms, and semen loss, and were worried because they had heard or read that semen loss or masturbation was bad for health. They viewed semen as precious, something to be preserved, and masturbation a bad practice. Beside Dhat syndrome, two-thirds of the subjects (68%) had other ICD-10 psychiatric disorders, the most common being depression.

Conclusion: Psychiatric diagnoses are common among patients with “Dhat syndrome.” Most of these people view semen loss as a bad sign and masturbation a bad habit. Sex education is warranted for better health.
Contributions of T cell dysfunction to the resistance against anti-PD-1 therapy in oral carcinogenesis
Authors: Wen Liling , Lu Huanzi , Li Qiusheng , Li Qunxing , Wen Shuqiong , Wang Dikan , Wang Xi , Fang Juan , Cui Jun , Cheng Bin , Wang Zhi
Published: July 2019

Background

Programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade has great effect in the prevention of oral precancerous lesions, but the drug resistance has also been observed. The determinants of immune resistance during the malignant transformation are poorly understood.

Methods

Anti-PD-1 antibody was administered in the 4NQO-induced carcinogenesis mouse models. The mice were then subdivided into PD-1 resistance(PD-1R) group and PD-1 sensitive(PD-1S) group according to the efficacy. The expression of PD-1 and PD-L1, and the abundance of CD3+ T cells in tumor microenvironment between the two groups was tested by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the activation and effector functions, as well as the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells and expression of immune checkpoints of T cells in the draining lymph nodes and spleen between PD-1R and PD-1S group were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results

Our results showed that T cell infiltration in tumor microenvironment, effector T cell cytokine secretion and central memory T cell accumulation in peripheral lymphoid organs were all inhibited in the anti-PD-1 resistance group. Furthermore, we found that an increase of regulatory T cell (Treg) population contributed to the resistance of the anti-PD-1 therapy. Notably, TIM-3 was found to be the only immunosuppressive molecule that mediated the resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in the oral malignant transformation model.

Conclusions

Our findings identified a novel mechanism that T cell dysfunction contributes to the immune resistance during the malignant transformation of the oral mucosa. This study provides new targets for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy for early stage of tumorigenesis.
Micro differential scanning calorimetry and micro hot table method for quantifying deterioration of historical leather
Authors: Carsote Cristina , Badea Elena
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to advance the current understanding on the mechanism of deterioration of historical vegetable tanned leathers and establish new criteria for quantifying their deterioration using micro differential scanning calorimetry (micro DSC) and micro hot table (MHT) method. Ten historical leather objects were investigated to this purpose. The calorimetric indices of macromolecular change identified for fibrous collagen provided quantitative results on the bulk material and deconvolution of DSC denaturation peaks revealed the dynamics of deterioration in historical leather. The results brought clear evidence that long-term natural ageing of leather induces the destabilization of chemically modified collagen thereby promoting its partial de-tanning and allowing micro-unfolding of chemically unmodified collagen. As deterioration continues toward the extreme, collagen molecules become highly unstable allowing for gelatinisation and irreversible denaturation. It is thus explained the coexistence of collagen populations with distinct thermal stability in historical leather. They are grouped in three main structural domains, namely “leather-like”, “parchment-like” and “gelatine-like”, whose mass percentages determines leather stability against further natural ageing and deterioration. As a result of the MHT and micro DSC parameters correlation, a more comprehensive set of criteria, including T
f and T
l values, as well ∆C and ∆T intervals’ lengths, was introduced for better interpreting the shrinking activity of collagen in historical vegetable-tanned leathers and open thus the way for the highly sought in situ evaluation of leather artefacts.
Metastatic Breast Cancer in Kenya: Presentation, Pathologic Characteristics, and Patterns—Findings From a Tertiary Cancer Center
Authors: Ekpe Etoroabasi , Shaikh Asim Jamal , Shah Jasmit , Jacobson Judith S. , Sayed Shahin
Published: July 2019

PURPOSE

The purpose of this research was to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of Kenyan women with metastatic breast cancer diagnosed and treated at Aga Khan University Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya from 2012 to 2018.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We reviewed charts of Kenyan women with metastatic breast cancer and analyzed sociodemographic data, breast cancer risk factors, and tumor characteristics associated with stage at diagnosis, receptor status (ie, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2]), and site of metastasis using χ2, analysis of variance, two-sample t tests, and logistic regressions.

RESULTS

A total of 125 cases with complete medical records were included in the analysis. Forty women (32%) had metastases at diagnosis. Of the others, those diagnosed in stage III developed metastases sooner than those diagnosed in stage II ( P < .001). Fifty-eight percent of patients had metastases to bone, 14% to brain, 57% to lungs, and 50% to liver. Seventy-four percent of patients presented with more than one metastatic site. Metastases to bone were associated with greater age at diagnosis ( P = .02) and higher parity ( P = .04), and metastases to the brain were associated with early menopause ( P = .04), lower parity ( P = .04), and lack of breastfeeding ( P = .01). Patients whose tumors were triple negative (estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and HER2 negative) were more likely to develop brain metastases ( P = .01), and those whose tumors were HER2 positive were more likely to develop liver metastases ( P = .04).

CONCLUSION

Although our data on patterns of metastases and pathologic subtypes are similar to those in published literature, some unique findings concerning hormonal risk factors of women with metastatic breast cancer and specific metastatic sites need additional exploration in larger patient populations.
Estrogen Signaling Drives Ciliogenesis in Human Endometrial Organoids
Authors: Haider Sandra , Gamperl Magdalena , Burkard Thomas R , Kunihs Victoria , Kaindl Ulrich , Junttila Sini , Fiala Christian , Schmidt Katy , Mendjan Sasha , Knöfler Martin , Latos Paulina A
Published: July 2019

The human endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus consisting of stromal and epithelial (secretory and ciliated) cells. It undergoes a hormonally regulated monthly cycle of growth, differentiation, and desquamation. However, how these cyclic changes control the balance between secretory and ciliated cells remains unclear. Here, we established endometrial organoids to investigate the estrogen (E2)-driven control of cell fate decisions in human endometrial epithelium. We demonstrate that they preserve the structure, expression patterns, secretory properties, and E2 responsiveness of their tissue of origin. Next, we show that the induction of ciliated cells is orchestrated by the coordinated action of E2 and NOTCH signaling. Although E2 is the primary driver, inhibition of NOTCH signaling provides a permissive environment. However, inhibition of NOTCH alone is not sufficient to trigger ciliogenesis. Overall, we provide insights into endometrial biology and propose endometrial organoids as a robust and powerful model for studying ciliogenesis in vitro.