bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary Intervention Improves Treatment Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Bouloukaki Izolde , Daskalaki Eleni , Mavroudi Eleni , Moniaki Violeta , Schiza Sophia , Tsiligianni Ioanna
Published: July 2023

The study's objective was to assess the impact of Mediterranean diet/lifestyle interventions for weight loss on Positive airway pressure (PAP) adherence, Body mass index (ΒΜΙ), sleepiness, and blood pressure measurements (BP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We designed a randomized, controlled trial, including overweight and obese patients with moderate-to-severe OSA, randomized to standard care (SCG, n=37) and Mediterranean diet group (MDG, n=37). SCG received healthy lifestyle advice, while MDG underwent a 6-month behavioral intervention aiming to enhance weight loss and adherence to Mediterranean diet. PAP adherence, BMI, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and BP measurements were evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Post-intervention PAP use was higher in MDG compared to SCG (6.1 vs 5.4, p=0.02). Diet/lifestyle intervention was one of the most significant predictive factors for PAP adherence (OR = 5.458, 95% CI = 1.144-26.036, p=0.03). The SCG demonstrated a rise in BMI, while the MDG displayed a decline (0.41 vs -0.75, p=0.02). The MDG also demonstrated a substantial reduction in adjusted SBP (-5.5 vs 2.8, p=0.014) and DBP (-4.0 vs 2.5, p=0.01). Ultimately, incorporating a dietary/lifestyle intervention with standard care yields superior PAP adherence, BMI, and BP measurements in contrast to standard care alone, underscoring the potential benefits of allocating increased time and support within the MDG group. Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT05881824; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Association between Salivary Cortisol and α-amylase with the Psychological Profile of Patients with Oral Lichen Planus and Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Glavina Ana , Lugović-Mihić Liborija , Martinović Dinko , Cigić Livia , Tandara Ledia , Lukenda Marino , Biočina-Lukenda Dolores , Šupe-Domić Daniela
Published: July 2023

The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between the concentration/activity of salivary stress biomarkers (cortisol, α-amylase) and the psychological profile of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS). A total of 160 subjects participated in this cross-sectional study: 60 patients with OLP; 60 patients with primary BMS; 40 control subjects. Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) was collected between 9 and 10 am. Salivary biomarkers were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Psychological assessment was evaluated with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Patients with primary BMS had higher salivary cortisol concentrations and α-amylase activity (0.52 vs. 0.44 µg/dl; 160531 vs. 145804 U/L) compared with patients with OLP. Patients with primary BMS had statistically significantly higher scores for depression, anxiety, and stress compared with patients with OLP and control subjects (p <0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). There was a strong positive correlation between anxiety and depression, stress and depression, stress and anxiety in patients with OLP and BMS (p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively). There was a good positive correlation between symptom intensity (pain/burning) and psychological profile (depression, anxiety, stress) in patients with primary BMS (r=0.373, p=0.003; r=0.515, p <0.001; r=0.365, p= 0.004, respectively). Patients with BMS show a stronger association with mental disorders compared to patients with OLP. However, an interdisciplinary psychoneuroimmunological approach is equally important in both patient groups (OLP and BMS), regardless of whether mental disorders are the cause or the consequence.
Recent Progress in Printed Photonic Devices: A Brief Review of Materials, Devices, and Applications
Authors: AlAmri Amal
Published: July 2023

— Printing electronics incorporates several significant technologies, such as semiconductor devices produced by various printing techniques on flexible substrates. With growing interest in printed electronic devices, new technologies have been developed to make novel devices with inexpensive and large-area printing techniques. This review article focuses on the most recent developments in printed photonic devices. Photonics and optoelectronic systems may now be built utilizing materials with specific optical properties and 3D designs achieved through additive printing. Optical and architected materials that can be printed in their entirety are among the most promising future research topics, as are platforms for multi-material processing and printing technologies that can print enormous volumes at high resolution while also maintaining high throughput. Significant advances in innovative printable materials create new opportunities for functional devices to act efficiently, such as wearable sensors, integrated optoelectronics, and consumer electronics. This article provides an overview of printable materials, printing methods, and uses of printed electronic devices.
Social Thermodynamics 2.0
Authors: Tsekov Roumen
Published: July 2023

Trailing the modern ideas of sociophysics, a minimalistic thermodynamic model of society is proposed, which consists of three social ingredients: people, economy, and entropy. Employing the universal van der Waals equation of state, many important relationships are discovered, including laws of econophysics. The main conclusion is that the irreversible social evolution obeys the Second Law of thermodynamics, which governs the striving for social liberty and economic freedom.
Immunopathogenesis of Orthopoxviridae: Insights into Immunology from Smallpox to Monkeypox (Mpox)
Authors: Brown Brent
Published: July 2023

Since 2019, notable global viral outbreaks have occurred necessitating further research and healthcare system investigations. Following the COVID—19 pandemic, an unexpected duality has occurred of SARS–CoV–2 and monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections. Monkeypox virus is of the Orthopoxviridae genus, belonging to the family Poxviridae. Zoonotic transmission (animal to human transmission) may occur. The Orthopoxviridae genus includes other Orthopoxviruses (OPXV) present in animal host reservoirs that include cowpox viruses (CPXV), vaccinia virus (VACV) and variola virus (VARV), with the latter being causal agent of smallpox and excessive mortality. The aim in this review is to present facts about MPXV specific pathogenesis, epidemiology, and immunology alongside historical perspectives. Monkeypox virus was rarely reported outside Africa before April 2000. Early research since 1796 contributed towards eradication of VARV leading to immunisation strategies. The World Health Organisation (WHO) announcement that VARV had been eradicated was confirmed in 1980. On the 23rd of July 2022, the WHO announced MPXV as a health emergency. Therefore, concern due to propagation of MPXV causing MPOX disease requires clarity. Infected hosts display symptoms like extensive cellular initiated rashes and lesions. Infection with MPXV makes it difficult to differentiate from other diseases or skin conditions. Anti–viral therapeutic drugs were typically prescribed for smallpox and MPOX disease; however, the molecular and immunological mechanisms with cellular changes remain of interest. Furthermore, no official authorised treatment exists for MPOX disease. Some humans across the globe may be considered at risk. Historically, presenting symptoms of MPOX resemble other viral diseases. Symptoms include rashes or lesions like Streptococcus, but also human herpes viruses (HHV) including Varicella zoster (VZV).
A Deep Learning Architecture for Detecting SQL Injection Attacks based on RNN Autoencoder Model
Authors: Alghawazi Maha , Alghazzawi Daniyal , Alarifi Suaad
Published: July 2023

SQL injection attacks are one of the most common types of attacks on web applications. These attacks exploit vulnerabilities in the application’s database access mechanisms, allowing attackers to execute unauthorized SQL queries. In this study, we propose an architecture for detecting SQL injection attacks using a recurrent neural network (RNN) autoencoder. The proposed architecture was trained on a publicly available dataset of SQL injection attacks. Then compared with several other machine learning models, including ANN, CNN, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, SVM, Random Forest, and Logistic Regression. The experimental result showed that the proposed approach achieved an accuracy of 94% and an F1 score of 92%, which demonstrate its effectiveness in detecting QL injection attacks with high accuracy in comparison with other models covered in the study.
Recent Progress in Pd-Catalyzed Tandem Processes
Authors: Nikoshvili Linda Z. , Matveeva Valentina G.
Published: July 2023

In recent years Pd-containing catalytic systems for tandem processes has drawn special attention due to the enhanced catalytic properties and possibility to perform several reactions without the necessity to separate the intermediates. In this review, recent progress in Pd-catalyzed tandem processes is considered. Three types of catalytic systems were described: homogeneous catalysts (including immobilized Pd complexes); heterogeneous catalysts supported on oxides, MOFs, COFs, etc. with particular attention to the supports containing acid/base sites; metal-enzyme catalysts for chemoenzymatic tandem processes applied in fine organic synthesis and biotechnology. For homogeneous Pd-catalyzed reactions different tandem reactions were considered, i.e. cross-coupling, cyclization, carbonylation, isomerization, alkylation, arylation, etc.
Antioxidant Phytocomplexes Isolated from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation Reveal Potential Application as Adjuvants in Cancer Therapies
Authors: Minutolo Antonella , Gismondi Angelo , Chirico Rossella , Di Marco Gabriele , Petrone Vita , Fanelli Marialaura , D'Agostino Alessia , Canini Antonella , Grelli Sandro , Albanese Lorenzo , Centritto Mauro , Zabini Federica , Matteucci Claudia , Meneguzzo Francesco
Published: July 2023

The affordable production of valuable antioxidant extracts from plant resources depends on the availability of enabling technologies, such as hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), characterized by unrivalled effectiveness, efficiency, and scalability in the extraction of natural products. As sources of phytochemicals showing biological effects on human health, including anti-cancer properties, pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits were processed using HC. Fractions collected during the process (M1-M5) were lyophilized (L), filtered (A), or used as such (C), for identifying their best conservation practice. Biochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant power were investi-gated by spectrophotometric and chromatographic assays. The antiproliferative effect of L-M3, resulting from just 15 minutes of extraction, was tested on human breast cancer line (AU565-PAR) and peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs) cells from healthy donors. M3-M4 fractions from L and C series revealed the highest antiradical activity and phenolic content. Cell growth, death, and redox state were assessed, showing that the pomegranate extract M3 significantly reduced tumor cell proliferation and intracellular oxygen reactive species. No effect on PBMCs was de-tected. Thus, the use of antioxidants isolated using HC as adjuvants in anticancer therapies might be advantageous and affordable; moreover, since oxidative stress contributes to cancer devel-opment, its reduction might be the leading mechanism.
Inflammatory Biomarkers in Determining the Recurrence of Pleomorphic Adenomas
Authors: Salzano Giovanni , Barone Simona , Borriello Gerardo , Vaira Luigi Angelo , Granata Vincenza , Committeri Umberto , Perri Francesco , Esposito Maria , Di Blasi Fabio , Di Stadio Arianna , Petrocelli Marzia , Abbate Vincenzo , Ionna Franco , Califano Luigi , Dell'Aversana Orabona Giovanni
Published: July 2023

Background: The aim of this study has been to investigate if inflammatory biomarkers such as the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have any correlation with the recurrence of pleomorphic adenomas (PA) in patients afflicted by this disease.

Methods: A retrospective multicentre study involving two Italian centres, the Maxillofacial Sur-gery at the Policlinico Federico II in Naples and the ENT and Maxillofacial Surgery at the IRCCS G. Pascale National Cancer Institute in Naples, has been performed. The study, involving 608 pa-tients who had received a diagnosis of PA, was conducted between January 2000 and January 2020. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the optimal cut-off values for the SII, PLR and NLR. A linear regression model (LRM) and a non-linear logistic re-gression model (NLRM) were realized with respect to the NLR, PLR and SII.

Results: The highest performance was achieved by the NLR (cut-off 2.960) with the AUC = 0.91, with an accuracy of 96.1%, sensitivity of 78.4% and specificity of 97.2%, PPV = 64.4% and NPV = 98.6%. The LRM and NLRM including all the haematological parameters did not increase the per-formance in terms of recurrence detection.
Conclusion: The NLR is an excellent support tool in predicting the recurrence of PA with a cut-off of 2.960. It can be a good reference point for surgical decision-making and follow-up in clinical practice.
Isocyanide π-Hole Interactions Supported by Aurophilic Forces
Authors: Smirnov Andrey S. , Kinzhalov Mikhail A. , Gomila Rosa M. , Frontera Antonio , Bokach Nadezhda A. , Kukushkin Vadim Yu.
Published: July 2023

Treatment of the [AuCl(tetrahydrothiophene)] complex with 4-chloro-2-iodo-1-isocyanobenzene furnished the gold(I) compound [AuCl(CNC6H3-4-Cl-2-I)] (1). In the crystal structure of 1, the linear C–Au–Cl group is subject to the solid-state head-to-tail pairing which is determined by the aurophilic Au···Au and the rare π-holeCN···Cl interactions. These two types of structure-determining interactions are complementary to each other and the system of Au···Au and CCN···Cl contacts accomplishes 2D extended ladder-type architecture. In addition, the terminal I-atoms are involved in the three-center halogen bonding. Density functional theory calculations, employing a set of computational tools, verified the role of Au···Au and π-holeCN···Cl noncovalent bonds in the spectrum of noncovalent forces.
Granulomatous Mastitis Occurring during Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Yoshino Ryusei , Yoshida Nana , Ito Akane , Ujiie Nanami , Nakatsubo Masaki , Hayashi Manami , Kitada Masahiro
Published: July 2023

Granulomatous mastitis is a benign disease with a clinical presentation similar to that of breast cancer, and is most commonly observed in women of childbearing age. Although it has been suggested that autoimmune diseases are involved in its pathogenesis, no specific treatments have been established. The occurrence of this disease during pregnancy has rarely been reported. Our patient was a 37-year-old woman. She was pregnant and manifested a dichorionic, diamniotic placenta. At 24 weeks of gestation, the patient experienced a sensation of hardness in her left breast. Mastitis was suspected, and she was treated with cephem antibiotics. Simultaneously, she was diagnosed with erythema nodosum in the extremities. As her symptoms did not improve, an incisional drainage was performed. Bacterial cultures were obtained at 31 weeks of gestation, and Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii was detected. An elective cesarean section was performed at 37 weeks of gestation, and the baby was delivered safely. After delivery, a needle biopsy was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with granulomatous mastitis. She was completely cured with prednisolone after weaning. In this case, the patient's condition was maintained through incision and drainage; and antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic drugs during pregnancy. This approach was chosen, taking into consideration the potential side effects of steroids. After delivery, breastfeeding and steroidal therapy proved to be effective in treating the condition.
Evolutionary Study of Behavior Management Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Karlina Nina , Rusli Budiman , Candradewini Candradewini , Sukarno Dedi , Muharam Riki
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study's objective was to examine international research trends in behavior management that had been written about in journals that were indexed by Scopus and authored by scientists from all around the world.Patients and methods: We examined publications in the Scopus database using bibliometric and content analysis. We only retrieved English-language articles. The VOSviewer program was used for content analysisResults: We found 808 papers on behavior management during the previous 50 years by following the study strategy. The study concentrated more on authors, nations, institutions, journals, documents, and keywords, as well as the annual scientific production (classification by subject area and document type)Conclusion: The finding prompts a discussion regarding behavior management for next research.
Comparison of Two Bacterial Characterization Techniques for the Genomic Analysis of River Microbiome
Authors: Bonnelly Roberto , Calderon Victor V. , Ortiz Irene , Ovando Argenys , Pinales Confesora , Lara Willy , Mateo-Perez Santo Emilio , Cardenas-Alegría Oscar Victor , Jucá Ramos Rommel Thiago , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Yaset , Maroto Martín Luis Orlando , Franco De Los Santos Edian Franklin
Published: July 2023

We compared the performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization followed by a time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and genomic DNA extraction followed by sequencing, assembly, and alignment for phylogenetic assessment (Genomics method). We collected the samples from four contaminated rivers in the Dominican Republic and analyzed MALDI-TOF efficacy and accuracy for identifying bacteria in the samples. We evaluated the results for both methods (MALDI-TOF and Genomics) and reported a similarity percentage between each method's results. The MALDI-TOF method had a 72.41\% of coincidence with the Genomics method. This could have been sequence contamination found in the Genomics method. When it was later filtered, the result's coincidence rate went up to 90\%.
Reaching the Frail Elderly for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation - REAFEL
Authors: Bamberg Carsten , Ladegaard Caroline Thorup , Aalling Mathias , Jensen Dorthea Marie , Madsen Christoffer Læssøe , Kamil Sadaf , Guldbergsen Henrik , Saxild Thomas , Schiøtz Michaela Louise , Grew Julie , Castillo Luana Sandoval , Tousgaard Iben , Johansen Rie Laurine Rosenthal , Bardram Jakob Eyvind , Frølich Anne , Domínguez Helena
Published: July 2023

Background: Frail elderly patients are exposed to suffering the consequences of heart diseases that are not managed timely such as receiving anticoagulation to prevent stroke associated to atrial fibrillation (AF). Referral to the cardiological outpatient department can be cumbersome as it often requires repeated visits. The aim of this project was to use AF as a showcase to develop and implement CardioShare, a shared-care model where primary care leads patient management, using an easy-to-use compact Holter monitor device with asynchronous remote support from cardiologists. Methods: This complex intervention has been developed during a feasibility phase, tested in a pragmatic cluster-randomization trial (primary care clinic as clusters) and its implementation potential evaluated with an escalation test. Mixed methods were used to evaluate the impact of the intervention, comprising quantitative observations, semi-structured interviews, and workshops. Results: Between February 2020 and December 2021, 314 patients (30% frail) were included of whom 75% had AF diagnosed/not found within 13 days. More than 80% in both groups avoided referral to cardiologists. Patients felt safe and primary care clinicians satisfied. In the escalation test, 58 primary-care doctors used CardioShare to manage 93 patients over three months with remote support from four hospitals in the Capital Region of Denmark. Conclusions: CardioShare was successfully implemented for AF evaluation in primary care.
Rare Fatal Case of Purpura Fulminans with Acute Kidney Injury, Due to Pneumococcal Sepsis in Children, Associated with Multiorgan Failure
Authors: Merisescu Maria Madalina , Jugulete Gheorghita , Carmen Pavelescu , Luminos Monica Luminita
Published: July 2023

Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the associated bacteria that can cause the rare but high mortality hematological disease known as purpura fulminans (PF) in both adults and children. Patients with PF can progress quickly to sepsis and multiorgan failure, especially in immunocompromised individuals and young children. Due to the thrombotic blockage of blood arteries in PF, there is diffuse intravascular thrombosis and hemorrhagic infarction of the skin, which evolves from ecchymosis to skin necrosis, risk of limb sequelae, sepsis and fatality.
We present a case of a previously healthy 1-year and 9-month female who was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases "Prof. Dr. Matei Balș"- Bucharest, Romania. The patient presented with erythematous patches on left upper limb and trunk, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, anuria and altered sensorium with an indication of intubation for 8 Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Cerebrospinal culture grew Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1. She required peritoneal dialysis due to acute kidney injury (AKI) and surgeries for affected areas. After multiple organ system failures, our patient evolved rapidly to irreversible tissue necrosis and death. We aim to report a rare case of PF associated with pneumococcal meningoencephalitis in immunocompetent children to better appreciate the risk of fatal evolution when managing this disease in children. To date, few studies report favourable evolution. We discuss the etiology, rapid diagnosis and treatment of immunocompetent children with PF and the importance of interprofessional teams to increase the outcomes in patients with infectious diseases.
Al-Doped Octahedral Cu2O Nanocrystal for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction to Produce Ethylene
Authors: LI Sanxiu , Sha Xuelan , Gao Xiafei , Peng Juan
Published: July 2023

Ethylene is an ideal CO2 product in an electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), which has high economic value. In this paper, Al–doped octahedral Cu2O (Al–Cu2O) catalyst was synthesized by a simple wet chemical method. The selectivity of CO2RR products was improved by doping Al onto the surface of octahedral Cu2O by regulating the Al content. The Al–Cu2O was used as an efficient electrocatalyst for CO2RR with selective ethylene production. The Al–Cu2O exhibited a high Faradic efficiency (FEC2H4) of 44.9% at -1.23 V (vs. RHE) in CO2 saturated 0.1 M KHCO3 electrolyte. Charge transferring from Al atom to Cu atom take place after Al doping in Cu2O, thereby optimizing the electronic structure, which facilitates CO2RR to ethylene production. The DFT calculation showed that the Al–Cu2O catalyst can effectively reduce the adsorption energy of the *CHCOH intermediate and promote the mass transfer of charges, thus improving the FEC2H4. After Al doping into Cu2O, the center of d orbitals shift positively, which makes the d–band closer to the Fermi level. Furthermore, the density of electronic states increases, which was conducted to the interaction between Cu atoms and intermediates, thus accelerating the electrochemical CO2 reduction process. This work proved that the metal doping strategy can effectively improve the catalytic properties of Cu2O, thus providing a useful way for CO2 cycling and green production of C2H4.
Research Progress of Natural Drugs for Breast Cancer in the Past 30 Years Based on Bibliometric and Knowledge Graph Analysis
Authors: Gao Le , Yang Tian , Xue Ziru , Chen Canjie , Liang Binghui
Published: July 2023

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. According to the latest report from the World Health Organization, breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer, becoming the most diagnosed cancer globally. Herein, a systematic, quantitative, and visual analysis of the scientific achievements in natural products research and development for breast cancer over the past 30 years is presented. The study utilizes bibliometric and knowledge graph visualization techniques to analyze the trends, co-occurrence of keywords, cooperative networks, cited literature, and research hotspots in the field. The analysis shows that breast cancer natural drug development involves mutual cooperation between multiple countries, with China, the United States, and India being the most active players. Pharmacology is the discipline with the largest number of articles published in nearly 30 years. The study also reveals that the extraction of drugs from organisms and their metabolites is an important direction in the current development of anticancer drugs. The development of natural medicines for breast cancer together with the mining of genetic knowledge play an important role in treating human breast cancer. The research presented here provides insights into the current state of natural product research and development for breast cancer, and highlights the need for strengthening mutual communication and cooperation between countries and scientific research institutions to enhance the development of breast cancer treatment technologies and natural medicines.
Assessing Brigada Digital de Salud Audience Reach and Engagement: A Digital Community Health Worker Model to Address COVID-19 Misinformation in Spanish on Social Media
Authors: Andrade Elizabeth L. , Abroms Lorien C. , González Anna I. , Favetto Carla , Gomez Valeria , Díaz-Ramírez Manuel , Palacios César , Edberg Mark C.
Published: July 2023

U.S. Spanish-speaking populations experienced gaps in timely COVID-19 information during the pandemic and disproportionate misinformation exposure. Brigada Digital de Salud was established to address these gaps with culturally-tailored, Spanish-language COVID-19 information on social media. From May 1, 2021-April 30, 2023, 495 Twitter, 275 Facebook, and 254 Instagram posts were published and amplified by 10 trained community health workers. A qualitative content analysis was performed to characterize topics and formats of 251 posts. To assess reach and engagement, page analytics and advertising metrics for 287 posts were examined. Posts predominantly addressed vaccination (49.45%), infection risks (19.12%), and COVID-related scientific concepts (12.84%). Posts were educational (48.14%), and aimed to engage audiences (23.67%), promote resources (12.76%), and debunk misinformation (9.04%). Formats included images/text (55.40%), carousels (27.50%), and videos (17.10%). By June 9, 2023, 394 Facebook, 419 Instagram, and 228 Twitter followers included mostly women aged 24-54. Brigada Digital reached 386,910 people with 552,037 impressions and 96,868 engagements, including 11,292 likes, 15,240 comments/replies, 9,718 shares/retweets, and 45,381 video play-throughs. The most engaging posts included videos, trending topics, and music or audio-narration. This community-based model to engage Spanish-speaking audiences on social media with culturally-aligned content to counter misinformation shows promise for addressing public health threats.
Carbon Fiber Recycling Strategies: A Second Stream Waste Used for Thermoplastic Composite Applications
Authors: Valente Marco , Sambucci Matteo , Rossitti Ilaria , Abruzzese Silvia , Sergi Claudia , Sarasini Fabrizio , Tirillò Jacopo
Published: July 2023

With a view to sustainable development and circular economy, this work focused on the possibility to valorize a secondary waste stream of recycled carbon fiber (rCF) to produce a 3D printing usable material with PA6,6 polymer matrix. The reinforcing fibers implemented in the present research are the result of a double recovery action: starting with pyrolysis from which long fibers are obtained, used to produce non-woven fabrics and, subsequently, fiber agglomerate wastes obtained from this last process are ground in a ball mill. The effect of a different amount of reinforcement at 5% and 10% by weight on the mechanical properties of 3D printed thermoplastic composites was investigated. Although the recycled fraction was successfully integrated in the production of filaments for 3D printing and therefore in the production of specimens via Fused Deposition Modeling technique, the results showed that fibers did not improve the mechanical properties as expected, due to an unsuitable average size distribution and the presence of a predominant dusty fraction ascribed to the non-optimized ball milling process. PA6,6 + 10 wt.% rCF composites exhibited a tensile strength of 59.53 MPa and a tensile modulus of 2.24 GPa, which correspond to an improvement in mechanical behavior of 21 5 % and 5 21 % compared to the neat PA6,6 specimens, respectively. The printed composite specimens loaded with the lowest content of rCF provided the greatest improvement in strength (+ 9% over the neat sample). Then, a prediction of the “optimum” critical length of carbon fibers was proposed that could be used for future optimizations of the recycled fiber processing.
Association between Altered Thyroid Function and Prediabetes in Diet-Induced Prediabetic Male Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Pillay Malishca Tyler , Mosili Palesa , Akinnuga Akinjide Moses , Sibiya Ntethelelo Hopewell , Ngubane Phikelelani Siphosethu , Khathi Andile
Published: July 2023

There is a have been positive correlations between the existence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the development of thyroid disorders. Prediabetes is a progressive state of moderate insulin resistance that often precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (TT2DM) however the association between prediabetes and thyroid function is unknown. This study assessed changes in markers of thyroid function in diet-induced prediabetes. 12 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into two groups. Rats in the non-prediabetic (NPD) group were fed a standard rat diet while rats in the prediabetic (PD) were fed a high-fat high carbohydrate diet for 20 weeks to induce prediabetes. Thereafter, fasting blood glucose levels were measured. Plasma samples were assessed for triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroxine peroxidase (TPO) antibody, insulin and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations. The elevated blood glucose, HbA1c and plasma insulin levels coincided with increased T3 and reduced T4 levels in the PD group when compared to the NPD group. There was also an increase in the concentration of TPO antibodies in the PD group. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the thyroid hormone concentrations and HbA1c levels. In conclusion, these results indicated that there is a positive association between thyroid dysfunction and diet-induced prediabetes.
Why No PlaneWaves of Macroscopic Bodies? A Micro-Macro Threshold?
Authors: Banyai Ladislaus
Published: July 2023

According to Quantum Mechanics a narrow wave-package of the center of mass of macroscopic objects, due to their heavy mass, remains stable over astronomical times. However Quantum Mechanics allows and energetically even prefers largely smeared out c.m. states that never been seen. Why is this the real state of the world we know? Does it suggest a micro-macro threshold with different theoretical descriptions?
Silencing of miR171d/e in tomato enhances salt tolerance of plant and improves fruit nutritional quality
Authors: Huang Taishan , Xing Zengting , Wu Shuhui , Duan Wenhui , Li Lei , Wang Qing , Song Hongmiao , Meng Lanhuan , Xu Xiangbin
Published: July 2023

High salinity in soil affects the normal growth and development of crop. MicroRNA171 (miR171) plays a momentous role in plant resistance to adversity stress. The functions of Sly-miR171d and Sly-miR171e on growth of tomato and fruit nutritional quality under salt stress were studied. The results showed that the seed germination and seedling growth of tomato that silencing of Sly-miR171d/e by short tandem target mimic (STTM) were better than those of wild-type (WT). Silencing of Sly-miR171d/e seeds maintained a high germination rate, while WT tomato seeds barely germinated under 50 mM NaCl stress. Under 100 mM NaCl stress, silencing of Sly-miR171d/e increased the expression of their target gene SlGRAS24 with increasing duration of salt stress, while they enhanced the antioxidant activity, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and enhanced the salt tolerance of tomato plant by regulating gibberellin (GA) level. Moreover, the preharvest and postharvest fruit nutritional quality under salt stress was also studied, and the results showed that silencing of Sly-miR171d/e increased soluble solids, lycopene, total carotenoids, Vitamin C, organic acids and phenolic substances in tomato fruit. The present study demonstrated that silencing of Sly-miR171d/e enhanced plant salt tolerance through the GA pathway, and improved fruit nutritional quality under salt stress.
The Different Ways the Quran was Received in Central Java Indonesia
Authors: Misbah Muhammad
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the various receptions of the Al-Quran by the Javanese. The research aims to understand how the Al-Quran is received and understood in the Javanese cultural through oral reception, written reception, actions, and visual reception. The problems have a key role in disseminating Islamic teaching to all regions in Nusantara. The research methodology employed a qualitative approach with techniques such as interviews, observations, and content analysis for data collection. The findings of this research are providing valuable insights the various receptions of the Al-Quran. In the Javanese cultural, the Al-Quran is understood not only through its text but also through oral practices, writings, actions, and visuals. This understanding enriches our comprehension of the interaction between religion and culture, provides a more comprehensive depiction of the influence of the Al-Quran in the everyday lives of the Javanese community.

Pelbagai Cara al-Quran Diterima di Jawa Tengah Indonesia. Artikel ini membahas berbagai resepsi al-Quran bagi orang Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana al-Quran diterima dan dipahami dalam kerangka budaya Jawa melalui resepsi lisan, resepsi tertulis, tindakan, dan resepsi visual. Permasalahan tersebut memiliki peran kunci dalam mensosialisasikan ajaran Islam ke seluruh wilayah di Nusantara. Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi, dan analisis isi. Temuan penelitian ini memberikan wawasan berharga tentang pelbagai resepsi al-Quran. Dalam budaya Jawa, al-Quran dipahami tidak hanya melalui teksnya tetapi juga melalui praktik lisan, tulisan, tindakan, dan visual. Pemahaman ini memperkaya pemahaman kita tentang interaksi antara agama dan budaya, memberikan gambaran yang lebih komprehensif tentang pengaruh al-Quran dalam kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Jawa.
Risks of advanced training of doctors in private educational institutions: causes, consequences, what to do
Authors:   Expert on the issues of regulatory and legal regulation of health care activities, Piven D. V. , Kitsul I. S. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Published: July 2023

The article discusses in detail the reasons for the low quality of training of doctors in private educational institutions. Among them, the absence of the necessary personnel and material and technical base for training, the implementation of activities with gross violations of the law, the imperfection of legal regulation in the field of education, etc. of which today additional professional medical education programs are being implemented with gross violations of the requirements established by the legislation on education, creates significant legal risks for doctors in terms of the validity of their admission to professional activities. The article emphasizes that the low quality of medical training provided by a significant number of private educational organizations that implement additional professional medical education programs inevitably leads to a decrease in the quality of medical care provided, which today must be considered as one of the factors that threaten the national country’s security. Measures are proposed to correct the current situation.
Results of the quality control of the work in the regional vascular center of the Orenburg region (by the example of providing medical care to patients with acute myocardial infarction)
Authors:   State Institution of Health Care “Orenburg Regional Clinical Hospital named after I.I. IN AND. Voynov, Redyukov A. V. , Borshchuk E. L. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education “Orenburg State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Bortsov N. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education “Orenburg State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Perepelkina N.Yu. ,   State Institution of Health Care “Orenburg Regional Clinical Hospital named after I.I. IN AND. Voynov
Published: July 2023

Diseases of the circulatory system are an urgent medical and social problem. Cardiovascular disease is a common cause of death among more than half of all deaths in the Russian Federation, from 54,7 to 58,1 thousand people died from myocardial infarction every year in the last years. The regional vascular centers’ work is aimed at reducing the death rate of Russians from vascular accidents and improving their quality of life. The purpose of the study is the quality control of specialized medical care for patients with a acute myocardial infarction in Regional Vascular Center of the Orenburg region. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Orenburg Regional Clinical Hospital “Voynov”, where the Regional Vascular Center exists for 10 ten years. The assessment presents bed performance indicators and special indicators of the quality of work of vascular centers for the period 2018–2022. The work uses statistical and search methods of research. Results. It has been established that due to the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection Covid‑19, such an indicator of the activity of the Regional Vascular Center of the Orenburg Region as the work of a bed was found in the intensive care unit in 2021, is up to 285.8 days, in the cardiology department in 2020 is 253,6 days. The lethality rate of the arbitration department was maximum in 2018 and 2020, the composition of 9,9% each, storage – in 2021 (7,2%). At the same time, this indicator was lower than the target mortality rate from the acute infantry department in the Orenburg region, equal to 12,4%. With the exception of a period of decreasing coverage of patients with thrombolytic therapy, which is associated with an increase in percutaneous coronary lesions performed on an emergency basis, the maximum number of exercising cases was performed 862 patients in 2021. Among patients with coronary syndrome, an increase in the coverage of medical rehabilitation was revealed, so in 2022 the proportion of such cases reached 28,2%. Conclusions. Thus, the period of pandemic of a new coronavirus infection Covid‑19 seriously influenced the indicators of the Regional Vascular Orenburg Region, but at the same time, we can see the improvement in the quality of the work of the consumption center to global control.
Medical and social problems of the prevalence of ENT diseases and the availability of otorhinolaryngological care to the population, including children (review of foreign literature)
Authors:   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Oleinik A. V. , Mingazov R. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Mingazova E. N. ,   N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: July 2023

An analysis of foreign scientific sources suggests that the prevalence of otorhinolaryngological diseases in the world is high and affects the increase in disability and mortality rates. The most common pediatric otorhinolaryngological disease worldwide is otitis media. Low availability of specialized otorhinolaryngologist care and socioeconomic disadvantage are associated with earlier, more frequent and severe ENT disease in children. The most vulnerable to otitis media leading to hearing loss are children of low socioeconomic status (even in developed countries) and indigenous children in all countries of the world. In low- and middle-income countries, pediatric otorhinolaryngology faces challenges associated with a lack of infrastructure and equipment, a relatively small health care budget, a shortage of medical staff, and a lack of political will. In multicultural developed countries, the lack of understanding in medical institutions of the need to take into account ethno-cultural characteristics, as well as a decrease in confidence in medical institutions, creates constant barriers to access to medical services.
Surgical Outcomes of Sigmoid Sinus Resurfacing for Pulsatile Tinnitus: The Predictive Value of the Water Occlusion Test and Imaging Studies
Authors: Lim Ji Hyung , Han Jae Sang , Aliyeva Aynur , Seo Jae-Hyun , Park So Young , Park Shi Nae
Published: July 2023

Objectives. Sigmoid sinus resurfacing (SS-R) is one of the most effective surgical treatments for patients with pulsatile tinnitus (PT) originating from anatomical variants of the vascular walls in the temporal bone. This study aimed to provide updated information on the clinical outcomes of SS-R and evaluate the efficacy of the water occlusion test (WOT) as an additional diagnostic modality.Methods. We retrospectively reviewed medical records including tinnitus questionnaires, temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT) scans, audiologic tests, and preoperative WOT results from patients who underwent SS-R.Results. In total, 26 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 44 years, and the mean symptom duration was 3 months. Fourteen patients (53.8%) were completely cured, seven (26.9%) significantly improved, and five (19.2%) remained stable. The mean visual analog scale loudness score decreased from 5.26 to 1.34 (P<0.001) and the mean Tinnitus Handicap Inventory score also improved from 50.23 to 5.5 (P<0.001) after SS-R surgery. In 10 patients with discrepancies between the preoperative TBCT and intraoperative findings, WOT showed a significant additive effect in predicting surgical outcomes. No patients experienced severe intraoperative or postoperative complications during the entire follow-up period.Conclusion. SS-R provides significant symptom improvement in patients with sigmoid sinus dehiscence who had a positive WOT without other sigmoid sinus variants. A combined diagnostic approach with TBCT, WOT, and intraoperative findings is crucial for achieving better surgical outcomes in patients with PT caused by sigmoid sinus variants.
Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Infection
Authors: Cance Nicolas , Batailler Cécile , Shatrov Jobe , Canetti Robin , Servien Elvire , Lustig Sébastien
Published: July 2023

Background:

Adequate exposure is essential in revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA). Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) enhances exposure, but its use is controversial in the setting of periprosthetic infection. The purposes of this study were to determine (1) the rates of complications and revisions due to TTO during RTKA in the setting of a periprosthetic infection, (2) the rate of septic failure, and (3) functional outcomes at a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Methods:

A single-center retrospective study from 2010 to 2020 was performed. The cases of a total of 68 patients who received a TTO during RTKA in the setting of periprosthetic infection with a minimum follow-up of 2 years (mean, 53.3 months; range, 24 to 117 months) were analyzed. Complications and revisions due to TTO were reported. The functional outcomes were assessed using the Knee Society Score (KSS) and range of motion.

Results:

Seven knees (10.3%) had complications secondary to the TTO (3 had fracture-displacement of the TTO; 2, nonunion; 1, delayed union; and 1, wound dehiscence). The mean time to union (and standard deviation) was 3.8 ± 3.2 months (range, 1.5 to 24 months). Two knees (2.9%) underwent a TTO-related revision (1 had wound debridement, and 1 had tibial tubercle osteosynthesis). Eighteen knees (26.5%) had recurrence of infection requiring revision: 17 were managed with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR), and 1 had 2-stage RTKA. Flexion improved after surgery (from a mean of 70° to a mean of 86°; p = 0.009), as did the KSS knee (46.6 to 79; p < 0.001) and function (35.3 to 71.5; p < 0.001) subscores. Overall, 42.6% of infected knees managed with RTKA with the TTO procedure were considered successful without any complication at the last follow-up. Only 2 knees (2.9%) required revision related to the TTO.

Conclusions:

TTO in RTKA involving periprosthetic infection is an effective surgical exposure aid and has excellent rates of union (97.1%) despite the presence of infection. However, the risk of failure because of persistent or recurrent infection remains high in the first 2 years following RTKA for infection.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Contralateral Gluteal Compartment Syndrome After Prolonged Use of a Fracture Table in a Scissoring Position
Authors: Gunn Jenna L. , Yatsonsky David , Pasquinelly Adam , Kosco Ethan , Schwartz Tyler G. , Sanford Christopher , Georgiadis Gregory M.
Published: July 2023

Case:

A 62-year-old Caucasian man presented with a comminuted subtrochanteric fracture after a low-energy fall. Physical examination postoperatively revealed a firm hard gluteal compartment in the contralateral buttocks. The patient underwent a fasciotomy, using the Kocher-Langenbeck approach, to release the gluteus maximus and lateral thigh fascia. At the most recent 6-month follow-up, gluteal function was intact with no long-term sequelae from compartment syndrome.

Conclusion:

Prolonged positioning on a fracture table can result in gluteal compartment syndrome of the contralateral extremity.
Buku Ajar Belajar Dan Pembelajaran
Authors: Sartika Septi Budi
Published: July 2023

Teori belajar merupakan gabungan prinsip yang saling berkaitan dan penjelasan sejumlah fakta maupun penemuan yang berhubungan dengan peristiwa belajar. Belajar adalah suatu akibat adanya keterlibatan guru dan siswa pada interaksi antara stimulus dan respons Penggunaan teori belajar dengan langkah-langkah pengembangan yang benar dan pilihan materi pelajaran serta penggunaan unsur desain pesan yang benar dapat memberikan kemudahan pemahaman kepada siswa dalam lingkup memahami sesuatu yang dipelajari (Nahar, 2016). Belajar juga diartikan sebagai suatu proses perubahan dari hasi timbulnya sebuah interaksi antara rangsangan (stimulus) serta respon dalam bakat sikap ibaratkan produk daripada penguatan aktivitas maupun berbagai pelatihan. Seseorang dianggap telah mempelajari sesuatu apabila dia dapat menunjukkan perubahan tingkah laku. Dalam belajar yang utama yaitu input yang berupa stimulus dan output yang berupa respons. Stimulus merupakan hal apa saja yang disampaikan guru kepada siswa. Respons berupa reaksi tanggapan pelajar terhadap stimulus yang disampaikan oleh guru tersebut. Proses yang terjadi antara stimulus dan respons tidak dapat diamati dan tidak dapat diukur, yang dapat diamati yaitu stimulus dan respons. Oleh karena itu, apa yang diberikan oleh guru (stimulus) dan apa yang diterima oleh pelajar (respons) harus dapat diamati dan diukur.