bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract from Ulva sp.
Authors: Wulanjati M P , Indrianingsih A W , Darsih C , Apriyana W , Batrisya
Published: April 2020

The study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts from Ulva sp. The antioxidant effects of the extracts were evaluated by the DPPH scavenging assay. Agar well diffusion method was performed to determine the antibacterial activity of the extracts against Escherichia coli FNCC 194. The chemical constituents of the extracts were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. The result exhibited that the ethanolic extract of Ulva sp. 2 possessed higher antioxidant activity compared to the ethanolic extract of Ulva sp. 1. At a concentration of 0.8 mg/mL, the radical scavenging activities from ethanolic extract of Ulva sp. 1 and Ulva sp. 2 were 22.34±9.71% and 32.67±4.23%, respectively. The ethanolic extract of Ulva sp. 2 showed higher antibacterial activity against E. coli FNCC 194 compared to the ethanolic extract of Ulva sp. 1. The FTIR spectroscopy analyzed that both ethanolic extracts have the same functional groups as follows O-H alcohols, C-H alkanes, C=C aromatic, and C-O alcohols. It indicated that the ethanolic extracts possibly contained phenolic compounds. From the study, it was concluded that the ethanolic extracts of Ulva sp. can be explored as antioxidant and antibacterial agent candidates.
Modification of cotton fabric by ZnO nanoparticles for producing an antibacterial natural dyed batik
Authors: Eskani I N , Haerudin A , Setiawan J , Lestari D W , Isnaini  , Astuti W
Published: April 2020

Batik is a traditional Indonesian cloth that has been recognized by UNESCO as the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on October 2, 2009. Nowadays batik with natural dyes is preferred because it is unique, natural and environmentally friendly. The disadvantage of natural dyed batik, especially those using cotton cloth, is easily overgrown with bacteria. This paper presents the results of research on the application of ZnO nanoparticles on cotton fabrics that produce batik with antibacterial activity. The application of ZnO nanoparticles was carried out with variations on concentration (1% and 2%), temperature (25°C and 80°C), and application stages, i.e before and after the batik process. Colouring process was conducted by natural dyes of Tingi (Ceriops tagal). To see the effect of ZnO application, the antibacterial activity, the colour fastness to washing, the colour strength (K/S) of natural dyed batik have been examined. The results showed that the ZnO application before and after the batik process can provide antibacterial activity and enhance colour strength on natural dyed batik. To maintain the colour fastness to washing, the ZnO application can be carried out before the batik process at temperature 80°C or after the batik process at 25°C.
Effectivity of quercetin as antiviral to dengue virus-2 strain New Guinea C in Huh 7-it 1 cell line
Authors: Dewi B E , Desti H , Ratningpoeti E , Sudiro M , Fithriyah  , Angelina M
Published: April 2020

The prevalence of dengue virus infection (DENV) in Indonesia is still high compared to other tropical countries in the world. Unfortunately, the specific of antiviral drug to DENV is not available yet. The pure compound such as quercetin revealed a good antiviral to DENV candidat. Quercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid that can be found in wide variety of fruits and vegetables. It has been proven that quercetin able to improve body performance and reduce the risk of infection as well as inhibit DENV replication in Vero cell. However, the research on human cell line is not yet conducted. Therefore, this research aims to determine the effectivity of quercetin as antiviral drug towards DENV-2 strain New Guinea C in human cell line Huh 7 it-1. We used Focus Forming Assay and MTT assay To determine the value of IC50 and CC50, respectively. The result of CC50 value was 217.113 μg/mL and IC50 value was 18.41 μg/mL, with the SI value of 11.8. From the results imply that quercetin has low toxicity with high effectivity. Thus, quercetin suggested a good candidate of antiviral drug against DENV-2 in future.
Inhibition mechanism of Psidium guajava leaf to dengue virus replication in vitro
Authors: Dewi B E , Taufiqqurrachman I , Desti H , Sudiro M , Fithriyah  , Angelina M
Published: April 2020

Dengue hemmorhagic fever is a disease caused by Dengue Virus (DENV) infection that carried by mosquito vector. The incidence of DHF in Indonesia (2013) is 41.25 cases per 100,000 population. However, until now there is no antiviral therapy for DHF. Last report explained the anti-Dengue activity in Psidium guajava leaves extract that have potency to inhibits the DENV infection with IC50 7.2 μg/mL and CC50 153.18 μg/mL. But, the mechanism still unknown. This research measure the percentage of viral inhibition in the DENV surface protein inhibition and receptor inhibition of 2 times IC50 extract using focus assay methods and followed by measure of cell viability using MTT assay. The results of focus assay for DENV surface protein inhibition is 58.24 ± 17.40% and in DENV receptor inhibition is 8.56 ± 6.29%. Then, the cell viability of attachment and receptor inhibition are 100.71 ± 4.72% and 100.96 ± 3.51% The bioactive compounds in the extract that acts as anti-Dengue are querectin and hyperoside. But, the action of quercetin is not on DENV surface protein or inhibits the DENV receptors and hyperoside acts to inhibits DENV receptor. This novelty suggest maybe there are other compounds in Psidium guajava leaves extract that acts as anti-Dengue.
Mineral content, heavy metals and amino acid profiles of Halimeda opuntia seaweed from several waters in Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati  , Januar H I , Fithriani D
Published: April 2020

Halimeda opuntia is a type of calcareous seaweed which is including in the Chlorophyta division. In Indonesia, this type of seaweed is available abundantly, but the market value and the benefits are still very low. This research aims to study the characteristics of H. opuntia seaweed especially to assess the mineral content, heavy metals, and amino acid profiles from several waters in Indonesia. Sampling was carried out in four waters locations in Indonesia, namely the Binuangeun waters, Banten; South Lampung; East Lombok, NTB; and South Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. Mineral analysis showed that H. opuntia contained K minerals (16.50 - 92.40 mg/100g), Ca (18.60 - 24.37 g/100g), Mg (35.20 - 510.50 mg/100g) ), Fe (30.34 - 470.00 mg/kg), Zn (2.13 - 5.43 mg/kg), Mn (3.60 - 23.45 mg/kg), and P (90.40 - 142.00 mg/kg). Heavy metals analysis showed that Lead (Pb) content in H. opuntia seaweed from four water locations was still low <0.04 mg/kg so that Cadmium (Cd) <0.05 mg/kg. Based on the analysis of amino acids, there were 12 amino acids detected, namely Alanine, Glycine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Proline, Aspartic Acid, Phenylalanine, Glutamine, Lysine, and Tyrosine. Based on mineral content, heavy metals and amino acid profiles, the direction of utilization of this type of seaweed is pharmaceutical ingredients, fertilizers, and feed.
Protein isolation and identification of Pterois volitans spine venom coagulant activity
Authors: Sommeng A N , Eka A K , Ramadhan M Y A , Ginting M J , Sahlan M , Hermansyah H , Wijanarko A
Published: April 2020

Pterois volitans, or commonly referred to lionfish, are fish species originating from Indo-Pacific waters but are becoming invasive in other regions such as the Caribbean and Atlantis. Various efforts have been made to reduce the number of lionfish, and one of them is by utilizing the venom on the spine. The venom extraction of P. volitans spines is done mechanically using sonication and centrifugation, and then protein isolation is carried out using salt. Coagulant activity from extract (crude venom) and lionfish venom protein isolate was done by counting PT (prothrombin time) and aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) which resulted that the crude venom and protein isolate of lionfish venom can accelerate blood clot (procoagulant) respectively up to 8.5 seconds and 6 seconds. Protein identification was made using LC-MS/MS device. The LC-MS/MS analysis showed that the protein isolate of lionfish venom contains Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) compounds known to have procoagulant effects. From a series of tests mentioned, it concluded that P. volitans venom have procoagulant activity and one of the compounds responsible for it is L-NAME
Extraction of PLA2 and antibacterial activity test of lionfish (Pterois volitans) spine venom
Authors: Sommeng A N , Ramadhan M Y A , Larasati R , Ginting M J , Sahlan M , Hermansyah H , Wijanarko A
Published: April 2020

The population of Pterois volitans has caused significant damage to other fish populations and coral reef ecosystems. Population control of P. volitans consumes a considerable cost so that the utilization of these fish needs to be sought to be useful along with controlling the population. This fish is known to contain the enzyme Phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which used as an antibiotic against some bacteria. This study will examine the antibacterial activity of the phospholipase A2 enzyme extracted from P. volitans venom to Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The method used to isolate the enzyme PLA2 is by using precipitation of ammonium sulfate (AS) and precipitation with ethanol. The results of the precipitation tested with the Lowry protein concentration test, the Marinetti PLA2 activity test, and the identification of the SDS-PAGE protein. The agar diffusion disc method is used to test the antibacterial activity. The results obtained from this research are that 80% ammonium sulfate precipitation method has the highest protein and enzyme activity with a ratio of 1.32 times compared to toxic extract. For antibacterial activity test results, an 80% ammonium sulfate sample may inhibit the activity of S. aureus bacteria but does not affect B. subtilis and E. coli.
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of bungur (Lagerstroemia loudonii Teijsm. & Binn.) leaves and fruits
Authors: Riyanti S , Dewi P S , Windyaswari A S , Azizah S A N
Published: April 2020

Bungur (
Lagerstroemia loudonii Teijsm. & Binn.) belongs to the Lytrhaceae that traditionally was used as antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, antihypertensive and diuretic. Other bungur plants such as Lagerstroemia speciosa have been known for the activity as alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. Based on chemotaxonomy, the distribution of compounds in one family or genus and its activity has similarities, then tested for the activity of alpha-glucosidase of Lagerstroemia loudonii Teijsm. & Binn. The leaves and fruits was extracted by reflux using 96% ethanol. The process of fractionation by liquid-liquid extraction. Testing of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activity was performed in vitro using colorimetric method at 400.4 nm, acarbose used as standard inhibitor. The results of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of leaves with IC50 showed the ethanol extracts, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions respectively 262.20 pg/ml; 97.16 pg/ml; 62.73 pg/ml; 145.30 pg/ml; and fruits with IC50 showed the ethanol extracts, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions respectively 1.50 pg/ml; 3.69 pg/ml; 37.38 pg/ml; 22.59 pg/ml. IC50 standard acarbose was 10.95 pg/ml. The results of this research from Lagerstroemia loudonii Teijsm. & Binn. leaves and fruits can be developed into herbal preparations to lower blood glucose levels.
Radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content of seven tropical plants
Authors: Indirayati N , Nisa K , Kurang R Y , Tarmo N C , Adang K T P
Published: April 2020

Seven tropical plants were extracted and evaluated for their radical scavenging activity and Total Phenolic Content (TPC). Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent equivalent to gallic acid. The plant extracts were obtained by sonication using ethanol as the solvent. Four plant extracts were found as active antioxidant in this work. The research revealed that Schleicera oleosa bark extract had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity with (IC50) with 6.59 ± 0.013 µg/ml, followed by Anacardium occidentale bark extract 8.07 ± 0.12 µg/ml, Anacardium occidentale leaves extract 9.65 ± 0.05 µg/ml, and Muntingia calabura leaves extract 27.12 ± 0.5 µg/ml. Positive correlation between free radical scavenging activities and Total Phenolic Content (TPC) in plant extracts was observed. Schleicera oleosa contained a highest Total Phenolic Content (TPC) 451.071 ± 3.3 mg/gr GAE, followed by Anacardium occidentale bark extract 327.6 ± 2.7 µg/ml, Anacardium occidentale leaves extract 307.08 ± 0.55 µg/ml, and Muntingia calabura leaves extract 288 ± 0.5 µg/ml. The result suggest that these tropical plants can be used as resources for natural antioxidant.
Studies on geometrical, physical, mechanical and colour properties of mangosteen fruits
Authors: Hidayat D D , Andriansyah R C E , Indriati A , Surahman D N , Luthfiyanti R
Published: April 2020

Geometrical, physical, mechanical, and colour properties are important parameters in the handling and processing of mangosteens. This study was carried out to form an essential database for mangosteen. The results of the study found that the polar and equatorial diameter of mangosteens were 53.95 ± 893 mm and 56.56 ± 9.88 mm, respectively, with the geometric mean diameter of 54.79 ± 9.15 mm. The weight, volume, particle and bulk densities were 97.92 ± 45.33 gr and 95.20 ± 47.57 cm3, 1.06 ± 0.16 gr/cm3 and 0.61 ± 0.02 gr/cm3 respectively. The highest skin strength of polar and equatorial diameter occurred in yellowish-green mangosteens; on the other hand, the lowest of that occurred in brownish-red mangosteens. The highest elasticity of polar and equatorial occurred in dark purple mangosteens; otherwise, the lowest of that occurred in yellowish-green mangosteens. The highest angle of repose and the static friction were 21.58 ± 4.480 and 0.40 ± 0.09, respectively, which occurred on the surface of stainless steel. The total colour difference of yellowish-green and brownish red, yellowish-green, and dark purple and brownish-red and dark purple mangosteens were 63.34 ± 5.68, 66.79 ± 4.54, and 19.95 ± 6.42, respectively.
Utilization of liquid smoke corn cobs for germination tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds
Authors: Sriharti  , Indriati A , Saparita R
Published: April 2020

Corn cobs are agricultural wastes that are often found in Indonesia, which so far are still not widely used as products that have added value. Corn cob contains 41% cellulose, 36% hemicellulose, and 6% lignin, so it can be used for making liquid smoke. Liquid smoke is one of the results of condensation or condensation from the steam produced by combustion directly or indirectly from materials that contain a lot of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and other carbon compounds. The method used for making liquid smoke is the pyrolysis method that is using pyrolizer, by burning and heating above the furnace, which will produce smoke and will then be condensed into liquid smoke. In this study, the performance of liquid smoke equipmwnt testing. The liquid smoke produced was carried out chemical and physical characterization and tested for seed germination and tomato growth (Solanum lycopersicum). The results of the research on making liquid smoke from corn cobs showed that the yield of liquid smoke was 28.37%, pH value 3.506. The results of the analysis of the chemical characterization of third-grade liquid smoke using GCMS detected approximately 32 chemical components. The results of the physical characterization analysis of liquid smoke showed a very strong odor, brownish red, and there were black sediments in the form of tar. The test results showed that the concentration of liquid smoke (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% and 5% ) significant effect on seed germination and tomato growth (Solanum lycopersicum)
The effect of different drying temperature on crystallinity and morphology structure of bacterial cellulose
Authors: Rosyida VT , Indrianingsih A W , Hayati SN , Apriyana W
Published: April 2020

Coconut waste water is very abundant in Indonesia, because Indonesia is one of the world’s largest coconut producers, with a production of 18 million tons per year. Bacterial cellulose (BC) can be produced using coconut water using Acetobacter bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of drying temperature on the crystallinity and morphological structure of BC. A. xylinum was grown on coconut water culture medium with addition of sugar (5%), incubation period 7 days at pH 5. The BC were dried using two drying method i.e. oven at 50°C and 100°C, and room temperature drying without using oven. The drying was conducted until it achieved 2-6% moisture content. The three different temperatures showed different colour of physical appearance of BC, and the room temperature of dried BC showed the best result of colour. It also gave the different properties of BC based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) method for evaluating its surface morphology and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method for its crystallinity. Therefore, the present work proposed the most suitable drying method can be performed based on the end products desired.
The effect of pH and salinity on the capability of marine microalgae biomass for removing Cd and Pb
Authors: Lestari  , Permadi S , Bayu A , Sari A A , Harmesa  , Yogaswara D , Budiyanto F
Published: April 2020

The increase of heavy metals pollution requires a novel approach as an effective and eco-friendly removal strategy. The marine microalgae biomass was a strong candidate; however the study on local marine microalgae from Indonesia to be upgraded as metals biosorbent was limited. Thus, this study was aimed to utilize marine microalgae biomass as biosorbent for Cd and Pb removal in various pH and salinity value. The microalgae biomass was selected from diatomae, i.e. Chaeroceros sp., and Nitzschia sp., and green algae, i.e. Tetraselmis sp. The removal test was carried out at various pH and salinity range with initial metals concentration at 5 ppm and the measurement of metals concentration was utilizing Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The result exhibited the maximum Cd removal at pH 7 using Tetraselmis sp. (83.1%) and maximum Pb removal at pH 4 (85.4%) using Tetraselmis sp. and Chaetoceros sp. The removal of Cd and Pb was indicated a similar trend for the low removal capability at high salinity. Thus, this study revealed the best removal ability of the three marine microalgae was at pH 7 and low salinity.
Effect of air temperature and velocity on the drying characteristics and product quality of Clinacanthus nutans in heat pump dryer
Authors: Norhaida H A T , Ang W L , Kismurtono M , Siti M T
Published: April 2020

Fresh Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) leaves were dried using a heat pump dryer where the effects of drying temperature (40, 50, and 60°C) and air velocity (2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 m/s) on the drying characteristics and product quality were investigated. Data showed that higher air temperature and velocity resulted in a shorter drying duration. At higher air temperature and velocity, more heat was supplied to the C. nutans leaves, which increased the drying force for moisture evaporation and subsequently led to faster drying rate. The drying kinetics were best fitted with Midilli et al. model (R

2
= 0.9556). The quality analysis revealed that vitexin and orietin contents were preserved at varied extent depending on the drying temperature and duration. The highest preservation of vitamin C and total colour change was achieved at drying conditions of 50 °C (3.5 ms−1) with 90.7 % and 94.6 % maintained, respectively. This was because the pigment colours and vitamin C were easily degraded if the products were exposed to excessive heat (high temperature) and prolonged drying process (time taken). Overall, heat pump dryer presented a short drying duration without compromising the product quality for the drying of C. nutans. Heat pump dryer can be used to extend the shelf life of C. nutans and increase the commercialization potential and wide use of C. nutans.
The use of chitosan as a solid base catalyst for the chalcones synthesis
Authors: Hernawan  , Purwono B , Triyono  , Hanafi M
Published: April 2020

In the present work, chitosan was modified through the hydrogel synthesis. Chitosan catalyst was characterized for its physicochemical properties. The catalytic activity of chitosan was evaluated in chalcones synthesis via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. The reaction was conducted by varying the amount of chitosan catalyst (50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg) and temperature variations (room temperature, 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C). The best chalcones results were obtained in the operating conditions of 100 mg and 60 °C with the yield obtained at 45,50%.
Chemical composition of liquid smoke from coconut shell waste produced by SME in Rongkop Gunungkidul
Authors: Rizal W A , Nisa’ K , Maryana R , Prasetyo D J , Pratiwi D , Jatmiko T H , Ariani D , Suwanto A
Published: April 2020

The availability of coconut shell waste in Rongkop, Gunungkidul has the opportunity to be processed into several products, including liquid smoke products, in one month production requires ± 1000 coconuts to be made. Liquid smoke is obtained from smoke condensation in the pyrolysis process. The liquid smoke contains phenol group compounds, acid groups, and carbonyl groups such as those found in natural smoke. All three can simultaneously act as antioxidants and antimicrobials as well as providing a distinctive color and flavor effect of smoke on food products. In this study, the pyrolysis process was implemented with variations in the heating temperature at 200°C; 250°C; 300°C with 8 hours of cooking time, and 1-5 cm of coconut shell size, 5.87% moisture content with 5 kg process capacity. This pyrolysis process produces a dark brown liquid with an average pH value of 3. Each of the pyrolysis liquid fumes is analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry to determine the chemical components inside. From the results showed, there were 16 chemical components identified at 200°C, the largest component was Acetic acid at 51.6%, 30 chemical components were identified at 250°C, the largest component was Acetic acid 50.88%, 48 chemical components were identified at 300°C, and the largest component Acetic acid at 39.98%.
Assessment of technical condition of gearbox-motor-wheels and tires according to heating wear criterion when transporting building materials
Authors: Abdulaev E K , Makharatkin P N , Kuzhelev A I , Grudinin N N
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes the dynamics of tire heating depending on the operating time and the speed of a dump truck, as well as the effect of high temperature values during transportation on tire mileage. The dynamics of heating of hydraulic equipment, gearbox and hydraulic motors at different time intervals and in different working conditions is also analyzed. The task is to determine the dependence of changes in tire tread hardness on changes in tread temperature using experimental studies in laboratory conditions and to determine the direct relation to emerging loads in gearbox on the quality condition of tires. The analysis of the results of the influence of tire temperature on its properties and on early wear of hydraulic unit (gearbox) is carried out.
Urban information spaces as the basis of the system “Smart City”
Authors: Akhmedova E , Zhogoleva A , Teryagova A
Published: April 2020

The articletouches upon the issues of information spaces formation in the environment of large Russian cities exemplified by Samara. The taxonomy of city information spaces with the consequent placement of the integrated sites of information distribution characteristic for Smart City, i.e. infoboxes, is determined. The main criteria of an urban environment informative value are formulated. The results of architectural and urban planning research of the urban environment fragments with the consequent experimental projecting are given.
Toward the construction of a comfort model for urban environment
Authors: Bakaeva N V , Tchaikovskaya L V , Zuleta D P
Published: April 2020

The concept of “comfortable urban environment” is considered in the article, and its components are selected taking into account the principles of harmonious human development in symbiosis with the natural environment, based on the obtained results, a conceptual model of urban environment comfort is constructed and its formal description is given.
Smart space solutions of pedestrian ways in public transport transit hubs
Authors: Danilina N V , Privezentseva S V
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the organization of architectural and planning solutions of pedestrian communications in the city transport and transfer nodes. An urban planning approach to the use of territories based on modern trends in the development of smart cities for their sustainable development is proposed. The structure of pedestrian communications on the basis of the developed classification is presented, as well as typical projects of transverse profiles taking into account the peculiarities of functioning and composition of the transport and transfer node. The results of the study can be used as recommendations in the implementation of planning projects for the territory of urban transport and transfer nodes. According to the received data, pedestrian flow data were grouped by axial length (l, m) and intensity of flow (q, m/min) by clustering method. As a result of mathematical calculation, 3 groups of data were obtained, each of which determines a unique zone of transport and transfer node, having special characteristics in radius, intensity of flow and relative density (D, sq.m/sq.m). From a practical point of view, the developed structure of walking paths together with the idea of zoning of the territory of the transport transit hub can be an excellent tool for the designer in the development of the Design of planning of the territory of the transport transit hub and selection of parameters of the cross profile of a specific section. The development of science-based approaches is necessary to develop the quality of urban space and to ensure the sustainable development of the urban hub.
Model of urban identity of a Russian city through the example of Samara
Authors: Danilova E V , Bakshutova D V
Published: April 2020

The paper touches upon the issue of designing something unique in a contemporary Russian city formed in the Soviet and post-Soviet period and with typical construction characteristics of those periods are dominant. The so-called “typicality” is the greatest problem of post-Soviet cities, which today need to redefine their significance and their material realization. A new urban identity can only be based on purposeful development and accentuation of the unique aspects existing in the space-time continuum. What we need here first is a holistic approach that can capture the complex urban structure in all its manifestations. In this research the authors introduce a model of urban identity, developed on the basis of five main contexts: geographical, functional, morphological, social and cultural. The paper analyses this model application to the specifics of the city of Samara which is a large Russian regional center. The choice of Samara is determined by its rich history and importance in the system of economic development of Russia. The proposed approach makes it possible to compare heterogeneous values and terms and synthesize the results. The superposition of contexts demonstrates overlaps, intersections, and divergences that make the potential for designing something unique. The obtained results make it possible for the researchers to highlight potential capacities of their solution and put forward recommendations on designing a historical city new identity.
Urban environment digitalization and its characteristic features within the framework of the project “Smart City” (through the example of Samara)
Authors: Didkovskaya O V , Guzhova O A , Acri E P , Vlasova N V , Selezneva Zh V
Published: April 2020

The paper considers Russian mega-cities and their development within the framework of the project “Smart city”. Moving form classical principles of city management and city development to “Smart City” principles brought up many questions further considered in this research. This study made it possible to reveal indicators and their values for 16 largest cities of the Russian Federation and determine the level of “Smart City” technologies development in the city of Samara. The researchers propose corrective measures designed to improve some of these indicators as well as to increase the level of competitiveness, to build an effective management system and to create safe and comfortable conditions for the life of citizens.
Perspective directions of the use of smart technologies for the modern urban environment development
Authors: Dmitrieva E I
Published: April 2020

The subject of the study is the research of the influence of the modern digital technologies, creating favorable conditions for the qualitatively new level of the population living, on the development of the urban environment. The object of the research is the determination of the perspective directions of the use of smart technologies with of the modern urban environment development. The methods of system analysis of the key directions of the use of digital technologies for the implementation of the “smart city” concept and generalization of various information sources, including analytical data were used during the article preparation. Grouping of the key directions within the implementation of “smart city” concept in the modern economic conditions is result of the research. The conclusion was drawn, that the “smart city” concept will help to achieve such purposes as the improvement of quality of life, decrease in number of offenses, more economical use of resources and so forth.
Contemporary urban environment: the image of the history and the history of the image
Authors: Dutsev M V
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the figurative system of the urban environment and to the actual aspects of common evolution of the city and its inhabitants. The examples of artistic-plastic history of the architectural environment confirming the integral character of its internal processes are analyzed. Architecture is interpreted as an art describing the man’s history – new, newest, created every day! Special attention is paid to the problems of memory and imagination, “theatrical” perception and artistic forms of ecological thinking. Tracking penetration of the integral origin in architecture, art and culture as a whole, the author predicts appearance of hybrid, transitional artistic forms on the boundary of everyday life and art, identifies main trends of transformation of the image field of the architectural-artistic environment. By the examples of contemporary architecture and environmental design, several aspects are considered consecutively, which are arranged according to the author’s logic: live history and memory of the place, play of contexts, collage of times and “theatre” of history, contradictions of the today’s image of the city, architectural image as personal history of the artist, environment without history as probable image of the future. Article is accompanied by the author’s photographs.
Formation of vernacular areas in large city (case of Khabarovsk)
Authors: Garnaga A F , Yarulin I F
Published: April 2020

The study considers the urban environment as a subject of interdisciplinary study. The relevance of the problem is confirmed by the irrationality of the administrative zoning of large cities in terms of modern epistemology. As an example, a large far Eastern city of Khabarovsk, characterized by a large length, heterogeneity of the population in quantitative and qualitative compositions, is considered. The study analyzed the preferences of Khabarovsk residents regarding accommodation, work and leisure activities in different areas of the city of Khabarovsk. Two methods of delimitation of urban space are applied – division into administrative districts with clear boundaries and allocation of urban space vernacularly (mental) districts with a conditional boundaries. Based on empirical data obtained in the course of a sociological survey of residents of the city of Khabarovsk, the features of the concentration of the population in the administrative inner-city areas are revealed. In most of them, there are several vernacular regions, which differ from each other numerically and in a number of other factors: age, nationality, level of well-being. Accordingly, the data of the residents of the administrative district give average figures, do not characterize the features of a particular location – and can not serve as the basis for the study of the urban environment. Vernacular zoning as an element of research, on the contrary, allows revealing the most characteristic features of the urban environment. In the course of work generated schematic map of Khabarovsk locations and schedule preferences Khabarovsk relative to the most semiotician urban.
Contemporary architecture of the Baltic capitals: the global in the identical, the identical in the global
Authors: Gelfond A L
Published: April 2020

The article analyzes new architecture of the Baltic capitals – Tallinn, Riga and Vilnius. Interrelated processes are studied: manifestation of global approaches to its formation in the identical ones and identical approaches in global ones. Architecture in these European cities has always been developed according to their specific models. Especially in them, during fifty years from 1940 to 1990, the interaction (or a struggle?) of the Soviet and Western architecture was reflected in the most vivid way. And this was intertwined with deep historic traditions of architecture of the Middle Ages and baroque. What is happening with the historical-architectural environment of these metropolitan cities today? How are the layers of time understood now? Are the “splices and patches” in the city fabric noticeable or is it integral, indivisible and homogenous? And finally, what is preference given to – global or identical technique, to form new architecture? To answer these questions, architectural objects of various typologies having been built recently are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the fate of the Soviet architecture heritage, as well as to the issue of buildings’ renovation and adaptation of cultural heritage sites for modern use.
Multihub – point of increase in Samara agglomeration- conurbation spatial development
Authors: Gud I D
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the theoretical position of the newly created environment for the functioning of transport and logistic services. The main purpose is to research the formation and functioning of multimodal transport and logistic hubs (Multihub). There were considered the practical issues connected with the realization of big investment projects of logistic infrastructure development that are inclined to local and international transport corridor. There are suggested the possible ways to place Multihubs in promising «points of increase» which are planned to be at the contact points of the peripheral Samara agglomeration-conurbation suburban belt with local rural settlement systems in order to include the Samara gubernia in the structure of the currently planned international transport corridors Europe - America and the Arctic – Southwestern Asia. The author of this article was tasked to explain the principles of phased development for the near, medium and long-term perspective of Volga region transport and communication framework. Currently, there are strong centripetal trends of movement from rural settlement systems to subcentres of Samara agglomeration. The developed approach contributes to the development of a multipolar multifunctional region structure. It will regulate the multidimensional field of social and functional spatial processes will provide conditions to increase the consumer and investment territory attractiveness that provide the effective use of land and socialization of the urban community.
Issue of annular space filling requirement in engineering networks renovation justification
Authors: Hurgin R , Chudakov M
Published: April 2020

The main research aim was to determine the feasibility of filling the annular space with cement or other mortar during the renovation of dilapidated drainage networks with one of the common trenchless methods, i.e. by pulling pipes of smaller diameter through them (stalks from a roll). If polymer pipes are used for pulling, justification for the use of filling is necessary, due to their specific properties, which can affect the pipeline system strength and hydraulic performance. The article discusses the need for the pipelines annular space cementation during trenchless repairs.
Spatial models of local identity
Authors: Krasheninnikov A V , Anisimovets A D
Published: April 2020

The strive for local identity is an expected public request and a challenge for urban planners. The basic topology of settlements reflects archetypes of places that had stand the test of time and change of fashions. The spatial structure of the city is the complex shape of relationships, functions, symbolic meaning, time, experience, and other features of a particular place. The proposed macro-space is a model of the urban territory that embraces several places under conditions of pedestrian proximity, circulation, and identification. In the article we discuss spatial factors affecting the local identity of urban spaces that are composed of three groups. First, the layout of streets and urban landscape. Secondly, the social characteristics of the urban environment: crowding, liveliness, connectivity, and behavior of residents. Thirdly - virtual, semantic and symbolic factors: events, myths, etc.
“Smart environment”: problems of social identity
Authors: Krivykh E G
Published: April 2020

The article describes the humanitarian problems that arise during the implementation of the Smart City project in the real process of transforming spatial environment. The author aims to study the interaction of the sociocultural components of the urban environment and the formation of the social collective identity of the city dweller. The urban environment is analyzed as an architectural and spatial integrity, possessing the properties of conservation and translation of values, creating the possibility of communicative interaction. The author refers to the concept of multiple identity reflecting the complexity and singularity of identification in the new social environment. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that it presents specific examples of creating sociocultural codes that stimulate the formation of social solidarity by instruments of urban development. It is necessary to create in the objective world the image of the Other that is an indispensable component of personal identity. It can be represented by interaction with urban communities, the main places of formation of which are traditionally public spaces. Theoretical reflection has a practical importance, since the paper considers a new type of public spaces combining the high-tech capabilities of the digital environment and the socio-psychological sense of comfort, security and communion with the spirit of the city.
Smart city concept as an element in the formation of the economic policy in the South Ural cities
Authors: Limarev P V , Limareva Y A , Zinovyeva E G , Koptyakova S V
Published: April 2020

The article shows the new directions and ideas of the Smart City Concept. As elements of the concept, information and communication technologies have been proposed that contribute to the maintenance of existing elements of the urban infrastructure. The key components of a Smart City include modern technologies that ensure ecology, safety of the urban environment, the management of life support systems for citizens of the city, etc. Smart City Concept is a new way to create an environment of maximum comfort for citizens and improve the image of the city.
Use of concrete mats to protect slopes of water bodies in urban areas
Authors: Mikhasek A A , Rodionov M V , Litvinova M G , Mingafin R R
Published: April 2020

Plots of land located in close proximity to the boundaries of the water body within the city limits are used both for recreational purposes and participate in the creation of a favorable comfortable urban environment. Since the banks of water bodies are subject to change as a result of the influence of natural factors and human activity, the construction of a shore protection system is required to protect them. A study of the structural solutions of shoreline anchorages in urban areas showed that the use of concrete mats for these purposes is most appropriate. The analysis included a comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of the existing and considered design solutions of hydraulic structures included in the urban environment improvement complex. Considerable attention is also paid to assessing the qualitative and quantitative volume of contaminants entering the water body during the construction of a shore–protecting hydraulic structure. In order to solve this problem, laboratory studies were performed simulating the process of concreting mats. The studies shows that concrete mats are a “clean coastal protection technology” compared to traditional technical solutions.
Global development trends in organization of tourist and recreational areas
Authors: Panfilov A V , Vernikova V D
Published: April 2020

This article discusses the main global trends in the organization of recreation and tourism. It has been revealed that one of the principles of designing a modern recreational environment is an ecological orientation, since sustainable development by an economic component and society as a whole is impossible under the conditions of degradation of the natural environment. The examples of tourist and recreational spaces with characteristic features corresponding to tourist trends are analysed. Based on the study, the author concludes that tourism is a fairly complex and multifaceted phenomenon, its development is diverse and complex. There is a need to create an individualized tourism product that would correspond to the constantly changing complex nature of needs of tourist.
Urban morphotypes and functional diversity of city environment
Authors: Stadnikov V E , Yusupova I M
Published: April 2020

On the example of the urban space of one of the largest Russian cities, Samara, various environmental morphotypes are analyzed for: mixed use in the ratio of residential and service functions; the nature of the service objects, the spatial organization of the contact of public areas with the building surrounding them. Through the analysis of rental rates of commercial premises in different parts the connection between the demands for different morphotypes of the city is considered. It is found out that regardless of the density of the population in the study area, the development of public activities in the territories depends on the spatial organization of the urban environment: street arrangement, convenience of service function’s access. Commercial demand for premises serves is an indicator of the quality of organization of public spaces of streets. Densely populated areas with chaotic development that does not form a street front are deprived of socially active spaces with developed street retail, while less populated areas with a high-density street network and quarter-perimeter buildings form active spatially organized traffic of people that support the development of street retail.
Media technologies in shaping urban identity
Authors: Karakova T V , Zaslavskaya A J , Radulova J I , Vorontsova Y S
Published: April 2020

The modern city is the city of media, various digital networks and media technologies exist in it and for a long time stopped being only instruments of advertizing and communication - today they dictate to citizens a way of life and ideas of time and space, influence city planning and architectural fashion. Media technologies used everywhere have a significant impact on the formation of urban environment identity and are seen as a base for the improvement of urban image and branding.
The Samarsky yard: context
Authors: Weyers O M
Published: April 2020

Samara is the sixth largest city in Russia, as well as an important social, political, economic, and cultural centre. Unfortunately, it is also one of the best examples of the process of systematic decline of the historic environments in Russian cities. A city’s built heritage is an important part of its identity and that of its inhabitants. It reflects not only the history of the city, but also its unique set of social values and cultural richness. It can help create a sense of belonging and mutual understanding that strengthens local communities, at the same time that it attracts the interest of visitors and new residents. A methodological model has been developed that links the morphological features of the historical environment of Samara with the parameters of reconstructive intervention in the urban development of the central part of the city. The model is considered as an evaluation of the existing approach in the historical centre of Samara on the basis of the existing Rules for development and land use. The neutral approach should enhance a balanced and equal discussion between all different stakeholders.
Regulatory and methodological innovations in the formation of construction costs in regard to oversees facilities with Russian funding
Authors: Didkovskaya O V , Ilyina M V , Khasen A
Published: April 2020

Determining the estimated construction cost of facilities outside the territory of the Russian Federation is one of the most complex issues in the construction pricing system. This paper is aimed at developing new mechanisms for calculating the estimated cost of overseas construction with account of capital construction projects peculiarities. This research is based on the analysis and generalization of the newly-changed principles of pricing in connection with the adoption of new regulatory legal acts in the urban planning sphere. The authors take into account their practical experience and best building industry practices in the field of pricing and develop an algorithm of price assessment for construction of objects erected abroad which is applicable both within the framework of the current system of pricing and estimated rationing in construction, and which can be used in case a new building legislation is introduced, as well as in the transition periods.
Influence of human lifestyle on creating typological structure of residential urban environment
Authors: Generalov V P , Generalova E M
Published: April 2020

Social, economic, political and other changes taking place in Russia in recent decades have made little difference in the architecture of residential buildings and apartments that are being built in various Russian cities. The article studies people lifestyle as the main factor that influences the typological characteristics of residential and multifunctional buildings and complexes. The paper considers the comfort criteria of the modern urban environment. It is reported that people lifestyle and its fundamental categories should be decisive in choosing and determining the parameters of apartments, different types of residential buildings and their typological diversity. The paper provides these categories that are the living standard, way of living, life quality and custom. Undoubtedly, lifestyle affects the choice of high-rise buildings, the size and the kind of premises in apartments, the number and quality of service functional elements and a lot of other things related to creating comfortable modern and convenient urban living environment.