bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demokratiebildung: Von der Theorie zur Praxis
Authors: Lange Dirk , Straub Sarah
Published: June 2023

In this article, democracy education is seen as the basis of a democratic system of rule and legitimisation and is examined more closely in the context of higher education and education in schools. The role of teachers in the education system as agents of democracy education and their formation at higher education institutions is discussed, as well as the concrete educational approaches in schools for empowered citizens of a democracy. Based on theoretical considerations, the article finally focuses on schools as a place for lived democracy and addresses the example of democratic communication as a practice of early democracy education.
Digitale Podiumsdiskussion via ZOOM
Authors: Bischoff Mathias , Hacker Alexander
Published: June 2023

The school years 20/21 and 21/22 were marked by the Corona pandemic, which meant a change in the organization of lessons (distance learning). In order to be able to work on a topic together with all students and to discuss it subsequently, the project “Panel Discussion” was developed at the Praxismittelschule of the Vienna University of Teacher Education. The goal was to discuss socio-political topics on a digitally organized podium and thus to initiate democracy learning across classes.
Krieg – Frieden – Demokratie – ein Unterrichtsbeispiel zur Demokratieerziehung
Authors: Buchberger Katja
Published: June 2023

The war in Ukraine marks the starting point of the lesson. Our main goal is to talk about the idea of peace and democracy and discuss the concept of war with our students. Based on the news and media reports the students deal with the most important principles of democracy like freedom of speech and freedom of press. Thereby they recognize the importance, role and responsibility of mass media.
Erziehung zur Mündigkeit in der Primarstufe am Beispiel der Unterrichtsprinzipien Reflexive Geschlechterpädagogik und Gleichstellung sowie Sexualpädagogik – Ein Bericht aus der Praxis
Authors: Severin Sven
Published: June 2023

In the summer semester of 2022, students for the primary teaching profession,1st, 2nd and 4th semesters dealt with the question of how education for maturity can look in concrete terms, based on the picture story “The Birthday”, as part of the course “Didactic Reflection”. The focus was on two aspects: didactic models and teaching principles. On the one hand, the question of what contribution didactic models can make to education for maturity was examined, and on the other hand, the teaching principles of “reflexive gender education and equality” and “sexuality education” were analyzed for their relevance to this question.
Kindsein /= Kindsein in der Einen Welt
Authors: Chreiska-Höbinger Carina , Arbesa Isufi
Published: June 2023

Based on the different living conditions and opportunities of children worldwide, and the associated processes of social inequality, an example from the interdisciplinary teaching of geography / economics and history / political education is presented on the basis of the topics of child labor and children’s rights.
Elemente Demokratischer Schulen in traditionelle Schulen integrieren
Authors: Weimann Mike
Published: June 2023

The author explains 15 characteristics of Democratic Schools and suggests implementing them in traditional schools to make them more people-friendly. In doing so, each school can plan individually. The proposals break down into a) new, additional structures and b) regulations that must be overcome. The idea is based on the analysis of traditional schools and on 14 years of experience in a democratic school in Berlin.
Educational practices and the development of psychosocial skills in children aged 9 to 12 attending alternative schools of the second and third type
Authors: Carton Tabatha , Lahaye Willy , Glineur Charles , Carton Zacharie , Seran Loic
Published: June 2023

This paper focuses on the possible effects of pedagogical practices on the development of psychosocial competencies of children attending alternative schools, and more specifically second and third type schools (Collot, 2017). For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was conducted within 4 educational structures, interviewing children and learning facilitators.
BlickRichtungVielfalt: Schulbesuche von Schüler*innen als Impuls zur Schulentwicklung
Authors: Arend Arne , Heidemann Vincent , Hinneburg Laura , Jaeger Max , Pähler Luis , Vollmer Anna
Published: June 2023

The article presents the network for organisational school development ‘BlickRichtungVielfalt’, which has been created by pupils for pupils over the last ten years. It explains how the network was founded and how the hospitation trips as a core activity of the network are organised in practice. Furthermore, there is a brief classification of these pupil-centred peer reviews in terms of democracy education. Subsequently, challenges in the work of the network are outlined, which relate in particular to the difficult institutionalisation and consolidation at the schools.
Students as co-researchers: a participative action research on the construction of identity during adolescence
Authors: Haag Pascale , Berra Ulysse , Potters Lieve , Ragazzi Leo , Shelsky Clementine
Published: June 2023

The formation of Identity during adolescence is a central developmental task. This article explores new ways of conducting collaborative research with adolescents to get a better understanding of the factors that contribute to the formation of a coherent, stable, and integrated identity, considering adolescents’ perspective. This research, conducted with five adolescents highlights the interest in involving them as co-researchers to foster their social and emotional skills, strengthen relationships with adults at school, and show the importance of taking into account gender diversity among the various dimensions of identity
Laborschule Bielefeld’s Student Parliament
Authors: Boigs Maja
Published: June 2023

At Laborschule Bielefeld, student committees are of great importance to realise a democratically arranged school life. In order to explore primary students’ perspectives on their school-political participation, students of the school’s Level-II-Parliament were interviewed as part of the qualitative study described in this article. It showed that the interviewees attributed positive aspects of the Level-II-Parliament in the resulting opportunities for codetermination and the acquisition of personal competences. I further argue that participation in the Level-II-Parliament offers opportunities for primary students to experience democratic principles, while extended reflections on decision-making processes could even strengthen the interest in and the approval of parliamentary decisions.
Menschenrechtsbildung als Grundlage demokratischer Schulentwicklung
Authors: Filko Christian
Published: June 2023

Human rights represent an essential contribution to the development of a democratic school and teaching culture. In this context, human rights education encompasses three dimensions: Education about, through and for human rights. On the basis of the UN Declaration on Human Rights Education and Basic Decree on Civic Education, this article argues that experiencing democratic co-determination opportunities in everyday school life through participation in decision-making processes, i.e. education through human rights, strengthens students’ awareness of democracy in the long term. Accordingly, with the help of a model, possibilities for establishing a culture of human rights within the framework of democratic school development are shown.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğrenme Nedenlerine Yönelik Bir İhtiyaç Analizi: Kazakistan Örneği
Authors: Duman Sema
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this research is to determine the learning needs of Kazakh people learning Turkish in Kazakhstan. The value of language learning has become invaluable day by day. The importance of language is emphasized both in social life and in business life. Today, the increasing importance of the Turkish language has led to the beginning of educational needs. For this reason, we see that Turkish language is also shown as an elective course in institutions and even in schools. However, Turkish courses and departments have started to be opened at universities. Kazakhstan gained its independence in 1991 and has put forward many innovations and projects for the education and training of its people with the policies it has made since. The Turkish language learners living in Kazakhstan were asked the question ‘For what reason do you want to learn Turkish’ in this study and the answers were analyzed. Keywords; Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language, Language Needs Analysis, Kazakhstan
Ela calça chuteira e ele dança ballet: Os olhares críticos do esporte sobre a dança das identidades
Authors: Rosa Peres Celio , Matias do Prado Vagner
Published: June 2023

Objetivou-se com esse estudo problematizar as diferentes identidades de gênero que fogem do padrão heteronormativo e transitam pelo esporte. Por meio de uma revisão integrativa de literatura realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: Periódicos da Capes e Google Acadêmico. Foram analisados artigos sobre gênero, publicados na literatura em idioma português, em um recorte temporal de 2018 a 2021, obtidos por meio do cruzamento das seguintes palavras-chave: identidade de gênero, esporte e dança. O estudo evidenciou que as fronteiras que delimitam as masculinidades e feminilidades estão aos poucos se desmontando. Mostrou que existem corpos transgressores que rompem barreiras contra preconceitos e discursos, baseados no paradigma patriarcal (reduto dos homens).
Development of a Model and Experimental Study of Thermal Processes in a Ferrofluid Sealer
Authors: Nesterov S.A. , Baklanov V.D.
Published: June 2023

The aim of the work is to create an interconnected numerical model of the magnetic, hydrodynamic and temperature fields of a ferrofluid sealer and to analyze thermal processes occurring in highspeed seals. This goal is achieved by selecting the necessary equations, boundary conditions, assumptions and physical properties of the magnetic fluid when building the numerical model of the sealer’s working gap, verification of the developed model by the results of the physical experiment. The important results of the work are the obtained and analyzed data on the influence both of physical properties and the geometry of the working gap of the ferrofluid sealer on the heating of the ferrofluid. With a shaft radius of 140 mm and a linear velocity at the shaft surface of 25 m/s due to viscous heating the ferrofluid temperature exceeding the ambient temperature can reach values up to 80 degrees and higher, it has been shown. The use of the equation proposed by V.E. Fertman to determine the thermal conductivity of ferrofluid and the mixing rule to determine its heat capacity allows us to describe with sufficient accuracy for engineering calculations the thermophysical properties of concentrated ferrofluids, it was shown. The significance of the results consists in the possibility of using the developed numerical model in the study of interrelated physical processes in the working gap of the ferrofluid sealer of rotating shafts. The physical and concentration parameters of the synthetic oil-based magnetic fluid given in the paper and the results of its test operation as part of a ferrofluid seal can be used to verify the results of newly developed models of ferrofluid devices.
Centrifugal Compressors Gas-Dynamic Characteristics Influence on the Refrigerating Machines Efficiency
Authors: Danilishin A.M. , Kozhukhov Y. V.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study R134a refrigerating machine efficiency and consisting of a centrifugal compressor, a condenser, a temperature-regulating valve and an evaporator. The main purpose of the work is to analyze the centrifugal compressor gas dynamic characteristics effect on the refrigeration machine vapor-compression cycle efficiency. This goal is achieved through the study by actual working process numerical experiment in the refrigeration machine centrifugal compressor with an idealized process for other elements. The object of the study are the refrigeration machine characteristics, expressed by the theoretical refrigeration coefficient COPRt. Single-stage centrifugal compressors with the design conditional flow coefficient in the range from 0.035 to 0.12 are considered. The design of centrifugal compressors was carried out according to a new calculation method to the flow part efficiency increase. The method comprehensively combines the inviscid and viscous flow calculations with the use of the single-criteria and multiparametric optimization. Previously, the method was tested and compared with experimental data. The most important result is the results of the refrigeration cycle efficiency evaluating through the centrifugal compressors highly efficient flow parts design methodology application. An increase in COPRt was obtained taking into account the centrifugal compressor actual process in the range from 2.6% to 7.2%. The significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of using high-efficiency centrifugal compressors gas dynamic characteristics for the chillers refrigeration cycles analysis and calculation. The level of the compressors isentropic efficiency ranges from 0.80 to 0.85, depending on the design conditional flow coefficient.
Study of Electromagnetic and Thermal Transients in a High-temperature Superconducting Transformer during a Short Circuit
Authors: Manusov V.Z. , Ivanov D.M.
Published: June 2023

Today, high-temperature superconducting (HTS) current limiters and transformers allow to limit the surge short circuit current during failure without negatively affecting on the power grid complex at the normal operation mode. However, the transition of a superconductor to a resistive state at the moment of current limitation can cause significant heat generation, which can destroy the transformer windings. The research goal is to provide optimal technical characteristics of the HTS transformer to achieve effective short circuit current limitation and prevent thermal breakdown of its windings. To achieve this goal, a mathematical model of a HTS transformer was developed. The presented method considers the material type and geometry of the superconducting tape, the critical parameters of the superconductor (current and temperature), the parameters of the cryogenic liquid, dependence of the resistance and heat capacity of the HTS tape layers on temperature. The simulation model was created in the Matlab/Simulink software. The most important result is the possibility of obtaining optimal electrical and thermal parameters of the HTS transformer windings during the short circuit current limitation, as well as ensuring the thermal stability of the superconducting tape at the quench moment. The obtained results are significant in the design and operation of HTS transformers. For efficient and safe operation in the current-limiting mode, it is necessary to take into account heat generation on the transformer windings. It is important for the superconductor returning to the superconducting state without causing significant overheating of the windings.
Comprehensive Management of Electricity Demand Distribution in Time
Authors: Serebrennikov B. , Petrova K. , Serebrennikov S.
Published: June 2023

The paper is aimed to strengthen the controllability of electricity consumption mode at all structural layers of the country’s energy system (ES) to establish the optimal load curve in the PS. Following this goal, the energy system was broken down into seven structural layers - from the technological operation to the ES. For each layer, an expert assessment of the effectiveness of six institutional and operational methods of electricity demand-side management (DSM) was done. The integrated application of the suggested methods was tested in two industrial consumers, which proved the effectiveness of this approach for leveling their aggregated load curve. To ensure an appropriate economic impact on the electricity demand, given the influence of individual consumers on the load curve fluctuation in the ES, a particular price function considering the cross-correlation coefficient of the load curves was developed. It was proved that the complex DSM methods application significantly improved the controllability of the electricity consumption mode. To incentivize consumers to adjust their electricity consumption, a special price system functionally related to the cross-correlation coefficient of the consumer and the ES load curves was developed. The marginal price values depending on the cross-correlation coefficient were defined, while the intermediate price values were calculated by the functional transformation of the ES load curve into the price scale. The significance of the research results lies in the fact that ranking the DSM methods by the priority of application for various structural layers of ES and their integrated application almost doubled the DSM effectiveness.
Histomorphological parameters of the liver of broiler chickens when using the feed additive “Maxisorb®» in the diet
Authors:   Moscow Veterinary Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Scriabin, Petrova Yulia , Bachinskaya Valentina ,   Moscow Veterinary Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Scriabin, Stepanishin Viktor ,   Moscow Veterinary Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Scriabin, Spivak Maria ,   Moscow Veterinary Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Scriabin
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of studying the effect of the feed additive “Maxisorb®” on the histomorphological parameters of the liver of broiler chickens with chronic mycotoxicosis. It has been established that the feed additive has a beneficial effect on the growth and development of poultry, promotes the excretion of mycotoxins. Histo- morphological indicators of the liver of the experimental groups have practically no dystro- phic changes. The feed additive has a positive effect on the condition of the liver of poultry with chronic mycotoxicosis. The data obtained indicate the expediency of using the feed additive “Maxisorb®” in the diet of broiler chickens.
Produção de mapa conceitual como recurso didático potencializador no ensino de geografia nas escolas do campo.
Authors:   , do Nascimento Braga Vanessa
Published: June 2023

A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Escola Municipal de Educação Básica Ildefonso Anselmo da Silva, localizada no município de Amparo-PB, através da pesquisa-ação realizada em sala de aula, tendo por objetivo geral verificar como os mapas conceituais construídos pelos próprios alunos potencializam no processo de ensino-aprendizagem no ensino de Geografia nas escola do campo através de uma aprendizagem mediada. Nessa pesquisa utilizamos o pressuposto da pesquisa qualitativa, através da pesquisa-ação. Os dados coletados foram analisados de forma descritiva e interpretativa, buscando descrever as características ou relações existentes na ações realizadas na sala através da Pesquisa-Ação. Verificamos que a intervenção foi relevante para aprendizagem dos alunos, pois os mesmos desenvolveram por meio da produção de mapas conceituais em sala de aula , uma melhor compreensão do conteúdo de Geografia , onde os alunos expressaram , tanto na produção e apresentação dos mapas conceituais, quanto nos questionários , que associaram os conteúdos de Geografia que lhes foi apresentado a sua utilidade no dia-a-dia, resultando em uma aprendizagem crítica e reflexiva.
THE LIVING DEAD: AN INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES IN PAKISTAN AS ZOMBIE COMPANIES
Authors:   US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan, Khan Noor Saleem , Batool Saadia ,   National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA), Islamabad, Pakistan, Fatima Mahrukh ,   National Defence University, NDU, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: June 2023

NEPRA approved the Implementation Roadmap of Competitive Trading Bilateral Contracts Market (CTBCM) in November, 2020 to channelize competition in the power sector under power sector reforms. The financial statements of all 10 Distribution Companies (DISCOs) reveal their financial unviability to procure power without sovereign guarantees of government. This conclusion begs the question that even after reveling 20 years of monopoly, DISCOs have failed to establish themselves as a financially viable utility, would they be able to absorb competitive market regime? This study attempts to analyze whether DISCOs will continue as bleeding financially protected by government or will they participate in the competitive market efficiently. Keywords: Reforms, DISCOs, Financial Viability, Performance, Zombies, ICR.
POLITICS OF EXCLUSION IN INDIA: A THREAT TO LIBERAL DEMOCRACY AND REGIONAL INTEGRATION
Authors:   Department of Political Science, Government College University, Lahore Pakistan, Siam Mustansar
Published: June 2023

This paper explores the politics of exclusion in India and the threats it poses to the country's liberal democracy and regional integration. Using a qualitative research methodology, the paper uncovers how exclusionary policies in India have created serious threats for democracy and regional integration under Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). The paper argues that politics of exclusion is increasingly becoming a threat to liberal democracy in India, citing instances like the Citizenship Amendment Bill (2019), erasure of certain chapters on Mughal history from textbooks, National Register of Citizens in Assam, increasing mob lynching, and revocation of Article 370 and 35A related to Kashmir. Furthermore, paper argues that such events are a threat to regional integration by impacting cross-border migration, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic relations with neighboring countries. Overall, the paper suggests that India must address the challenges posed by the politics of exclusion and promote inclusivity and diversity in all aspects of society to foster a more harmonious relationship between India and its neighbors in South Asia. Keywords: Politics of exclusion, Liberal democracy, Regional integration.
ARTISTIC EXPRESSION AND FREE WILL: EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF CONTEMPORARY ART AND INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS LAW
Authors:   Law School, Beijing Normal University, China., Zhouda Zhan , Chenyang Lu ,   School of Marxism, Beijing Normal University, China., Khan Ilyas ,   Department of Law, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Pakistan.
Published: June 2023

This paper reviews the case that Bangladeshi artist Ahmed Kabir Kishore was arrested for publishing caricatures. Based on the case, it analyses explicitly the human rights of freedom of expression and sorts out the political and ethical difficulties of contemporary artists' freedom of expression. This paper hopes to provide theoretical norms and realistic approaches for protecting artists' human rights by returning to artistic expression's essence and analyzing its legal logic. Keywords: Expression of Freedom, International Human Rights Law, Dispute Art.
PRESCHOOLERS’ EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC 2020
Authors:   Department of Counseling Psychology, Cyprus International University, Siddiqa Ayesha , Idrees Samreen ,   Department of Humanities COMSATS University Islamabad Pakistan
Published: June 2023

Countries all over the world, including Pakistan, are struggling with how to better protect children from the negative impact of the coronavirus physically and psychologically. The sudden enforced social isolation caused by COVID 19 has struck badly the global community's daily activities, especially on preschoolers, it is leaving immense influence. To promote and implement social distancing guidelines, most schools are closed, and switched to home-based or online learning as part of the steps to minimize the spread of the virus. Sudden shift in the learning environment, as well as restricted social experiences and activities contributed in the children’s mental and emotional development in a destructive way during this unusual situation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on preschool children and recognize emotional and behavior changes in them. The perspectives of teachers and parents have also been taken to know about the potential strategies for improving the pre-schoolers ’behavior in order to avoid the negative consequences of this crisis on their future. Keywords: Pre-schoolers, covid19, emotional response, behavioral response.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHER-PARENTS INTERACTION AND STUDENT’S PERFORMANCE AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL IN DISTRICT FAISALABAD
Authors:   Education Department Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Shoukat Khadija , Kiran Sahira ,   Education Department Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Zia Rizwana Bashir ,   Education Department Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus
Published: June 2023

The relationship between parents and teachers has a significant impact on pupils' achievement. The contact between a student's home and school has a big impact on their personal, social, and emotional growth. The teacher and parent discussing the students' academic progress can help them study more and produce better academic results. In District Faisalabad, Pakistan, the study was undertaken to determine the "relationship between teachers-parents interaction and student's performance at secondary level in tehsil Faisalabad city." Parents are the children's primary educators. The study area was decided upon as Tehsil Faisalabad. The study was restricted to the 20 secondary schools (10 public and 10 private). A simple random sample procedure was used to choose the 150 students and 100 teachers that participated in the research project. To gather the data, a well-designed questionnaire was created. SPSS, the data were examined using a social science statistical technique and draw conclusions and suggestions. 90% of respondents believed that parents should always participate in school activities. According to the study's findings, 61% of teachers and 54% of students stated that their school held PTM once a month. The majority of responders (50.7%) felt that teachers should be contacted directly to discuss students' progress. The majority of students (74%) and instructors (70%) supported the nuclear family structure since there are fewer disruptions to students' schoolwork in this type of household. The majority of students (74%) and teachers (71%) agreed that an urban environment has a substantial impact on pupils' performance. The teachers' and students' mean values (M= 4.6200, SD=.52762) of the respondents were most in agreement about the impact of family income on student achievement. Higher parental education levels, according to 50% of respondents, have an impact on how well students achieve. Keywords: Teacher-parents interaction, Students, performance, Meeting, involvement.
WOMEN'S EDUCATION IN ANCIENT INDIA IN THE LIGHT OF HINDU SCRIPTURES AND SCHOLARS
Authors:   Lahore College for Women University Lahore,  Government Graduate College for Women Baghbanpura Lahore, Yasin Shabana , Hina Gull-i - ,   Department of History, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Published: June 2023

India has been the cradle of the ancient civilizations of the world, such as the Indus Valley civilization and the Gandhara civilization. No civilization develops and flourishes without the arts, crafts, and sciences, Nor the development of any civilization can be imagined without the vital role of women. women in ancient Indian society were not allowed to receive education. This misconception not only existed in the past but also persists today. While the Hindu scriptures, old writings and Books on Hinduism spotlight this concept that women in ancient Indian society were not only well-educated but also an important segment of society. They have the right to receive education in all fields of knowledge. Women in ancient Indian society showed their talent in different positions. As religious scholars, Preachers, teachers, Philosophers doctors, artists and in many capacities, women played positive and useful roles in society. Women in the static and traditional society of ancient India were successful in gaining respectable and honourable positions. This opportunity was not confined to the women of the upper class, women belonging to other classes had equal rights and chances to receive all kinds of education. Keywords: Education, India, Women, Vedas, Hindu society.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE RULE OF LAW: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF A DEVELOPING SECTOR
Authors:   Department of Law Abdul Wali khan University, Mardan., Gilani Syed Hassan , Rauf Nabila ,   Department of Law Abdul Wali khan University, Mardan., Zahoor Shehla ,   Department of Law, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar.
Published: June 2023

Artificial intelligence has become increasingly prevalent in our daily lives and has the potential to transform many areas of society, including the legal system. While AI has the potential to support the rule of law, it also poses significant challenges and risks, particularly around bias and discrimination. To ensure that AI is compatible with the rule of law, it is essential to take a holistic and interdisciplinary approach that considers the legal, ethical, social, and technical dimensions of AI. This involves designing and using AI systems in a way that is transparent, accountable, fair, and compliant with the law, as well as engaging with diverse stakeholders. Ensuring that AI is compatible with the rule of law is critical for promoting the values of justice, equality, and human rights in the digital age and for building a more just and equitable society. Keywords: Rule of Law, Artificial intelligence, Law enforcement.
Determination of Diclofenac Sodium in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Computational Image Scanning Densitometry
Authors: Waheed uz Zuman Waheed uz Zuman , Rida Ayub Rida Ayub , Amara Dar and Jamil Anwar Amara Dar and Jamil Anwar
Published: June 2023

Diclofenac sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug which cures by reducing substances in the body that cause pain and inflammation. There is always a risk of heart attack and stroke in case of taking excess of the drug. In present study a simple, fast and cost-effective method is devised for the assay of diclofenac sodium in locally available pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the reaction of the drug with 2, 4-DNPH (2, 4-Dinitro phenyl hydrazine). Micro-quantities of the drug gave green coloured spots when mixed with 2,4-DNPH on a pre-coated TLC plate, in the presence of potassium iodate and lithium hydroxide. The spots were scanned by using a flatbed scanner and the images obtained were computationally quantified with the help of custom-made software to measure the optical density. The reaction parameters were optimized, and the results were compared with the standard spectrophotometric method
Improving Profit for Small-scale Broiler Enterprise Using Self Formulated Diet in Sokoto State
Authors: K. Ibrahim , Y.I. Balarabe
Published: June 2023

This study was undertaken to assess the role of self formulated diet in reducing broiler feed cost in Sokoto State. To source for data, the experiment was conducted at the research farm of Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto. Three diets containing nutrient levels recommended by literature were self formulated using local ingredients. Ultima brand of commercial feed was used as a control. One hundred and eighty strains of Ross chicks were procured and divided into four groups of forty-five birds per diet and 15 per replicate in a completely randomized design. Diets were coded as Local Diet 1 (LDI), Local Diet 2 (LD2), Local Diet 3 (LD3) and CR (Commercial diet). Feed and water were fed ad libitum; the experiment lasted 49 days. Farm budgetary tools were used to calculate profitability and economic efficiency for each enterprise. The results of the study showed that birds fed commercial diet were more profitable to keep.
Implementing Blended Learning Approach for Enhancement of Scientific Attitude of Undergraduate Students
Authors: Baliya J N , Shikha Deep
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 has changed the teaching-learning scenario all around the globe as educational institutions are functioning in a hybrid mode. Blended Learning or Hybrid Learning approach has been a great boon during the pandemic. The blended learning approach mixes online teaching with traditional offline teaching methods to get the best of both approaches. Scientific attitude is a requirement of today's multicultural society for a peaceful and meaningful living. The present research determines the scientific attitude of undergraduate students in blended learning situations. A module of one week duration for the course 'Assessment of Learning' was prepared and implemented for the students of Integrated BA-B.Ed. programme using the Blended Learning approach. The findings indicate a significant enhancement in the scientific attitude of undergraduate students after implementing the blended learning approach. The present research recommends the blended learning approach in the classroom to maximize learning outcomes. The results also provide an idea to implement flexible teaching methods to cater to the diverse learning needs of learners.
The Use of Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and the Metaverse in Education: The Views of Preservice Biology and Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Yilmaz Mirac , Coskun Simsek Meltem
Published: June 2023

This research aims to analyse the views of preservice biology and mathematics teachers regarding the use of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and the metaverse in education. The participants of the research consist of 24 pre-service biology and mathematics teachers. The views of preservice teachers on the use of VR, AR, and the metaverse in education were analysed on the benefits of using VR, AR, and the metaverse in education, with what subjects/modules they can be best associated, and what would be needed to make it most effective. The preservice biology and mathematics teachers demonstrate that the utility of VR, AR, and the metaverse in education is beneficial for increasing the quality of learning and improving the existing teaching methodologies. Preservice teachers believe that these technologies are effective for teaching subjects that require more visual material, such as organs, cells, ecosystems, geometry, and the geometry of space or solid bodies. Moreover, the preservice teachers draw attention to the need for infrastructure and well-informed individuals (students, preservice teachers, teachers) for VR, AR and the metaverse. The results provide value for pre-and in-service training, teacher training and designing the teaching environments for the future.
Negative stiffness honeycomb structure as automobile leaf spring: A numerical investigation
Authors: Arnob Fahim Faisal , Anwar Md Sayed , Islam Md Shariful , Arifuzzaman Md , Bari Md Abdullah Al
Published: June 2023

The leaf spring is one of the main components in an automobile which carries the weight of the vehicle and passenger as well as absorbs the vibration and shock produced due to road irregularities. The weight, natural frequency, stress developed, energy absorption, fatigue life, etc. are the key factors that need to be considered to design a leaf spring. Towards that, a novel design integrating a Negative Stiffness Honeycomb Structure (NSHS) in the leaf spring is proposed. The proposed design and the traditional leaf spring are analyzed using the commercially available Finite Element Method (FEM) software Abaqus. Both the traditional and NSHS models were created using Solidworks and modal, harmonic, structural, and transient analyses were performed. It is found that the natural frequency of the NSHS leaf spring is well above the frequency produced due to road irregularities although it is lower than the traditional spring. The total weight of the NSHS spring structure is reduced significantly by 30.73% compared to the traditional spring. Structural analysis shows a lower stress development and higher energy absorption capacity for the NSHS leaf spring. Transient analysis reveals lower mean stress in the proposed NSHS spring. The fatigue life is also found to be 82.78 % higher in the proposed design. The NSHS-incorporated novel leaf spring design may be an excellent alternative to the traditional leaf spring.
Calculation method for elastic parabolic cable subjected to uniformly distributed load on each segment and concentrated load at many points
Authors: Bảy Vu Khac , Tai Duong Van , Ngoc Dong Van , Tuan Luong Anh , Nhan Hoang , Ha Hoang
Published: June 2023

Using the assumption that the load is evenly distributed in the horizontal direction, the article has given the cable deflection equation as a function that depends only on the horizontal coordinates, the length of the cable and horizontal distance between two supports. This result leads to the construction of a general system of equations to calculate the deflection, tension, and elongation of an elastic single cable resting on two supports with or without high difference, bearing uniformly distributed loads (or evenly distributed at intervals) and load is concentrated at many points. Calculations of examples to compare with results have been performed by other methods.
Design of a novel above-knee prosthetic leg with a passive energy-saving mechanism
Authors: Imran Amer , Haghjoo Mohammad Reza , Beigzadeh Borhan
Published: June 2023

The push-off phase is a critical part of initiating movement during walking, and it requires a significant amount of energy. Recent research has shown that the passive use of springs in parallel with the leg can harvest the push-off energy and reduce the total metabolic energy of walking for healthy subjects. In this study, we present the design of a prosthetic leg with a passive-based mechanism to reduce walking energy consumption for above-knee amputees. The mechanism stores energy during the stance phase of the gait cycle and releases it to support the prosthetic leg during locomotion. The known polycentric knee joint 3R36 and the ankle-foot joint ESAR were chosen and adopted for this study. We also utilized a ratchet clutch that connects with a spring and rope from the pylon to the foot which regulates movement and saves energy. Our simulations demonstrate that the spring stores elastic energy from approximately 22% of the gait cycle and reaches its maximum energy storage at approximately 50% of the walking cycle. The energy is then released at approximately 58% of the stride cycle during the push-off phase. The motion of the proposed prosthetic leg for individuals with transfemoral amputations mimics the normal walking pattern of healthy individuals well.
Diagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection in low out-outcome country: Rapid urease test, serological test, versus direct microbiological examination with gram staining
Authors:   University of Douala, B.P. 24157, Douala, Cameroon, NW Tatiana Bekolo
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacillus, responsible for numerous gastroduodenal pathologies and this infection constitutes a public health problem. The prevalence of infection with this bacterium remains high in countries with limited resources
On the chemistry of the Archetti test for caffeine and uric acid
Authors: Francisco Sánchez-Viesca  , Reina Gómez
Published: June 2023

The Archetti colour test is based on the reduction of ferricyanide ions to ferrocyanide, giving Prussian blue. However, the oxidation sequence of reactions that take in the organic molecule has not been described. Some electroanalytical experiments on the oxidation of caffeine have been done but the results have not been adequately interpreted. Besides, they are incomplete since only the redox reactions can be detected, but not the isomerization and degradation path. In the present communication the complete oxidation route of caffeine is given, as well as the electron flow in each step. It involves hydration of the imino group and oxidation to 1,3,7-trimethyl-uric acid, formation of radical ion at C-9, interaction with the C─C double bond, aziridinone formation, carbon monoxide extrusion, carbonium ion neutralization, imine acidolysis, isomerization of carbinolamine and hydrolysis to the end products.
Human Monkeypox: The Emerging and Deadly Infectious Disease
Authors: Shah Syed Zulfiquar Ali , Rahimoon Abdul Ghani , Karim Imran , Dayo Ghulam Fatima , Khan Ramsha , Jahanghir Syed
Published: June 2023

The monkeypox (Mpox) virus is a closely related orthopoxvirus to the virus called variola responsible for smallpox. In 1958, the first case of monkeypox emerged among captive primates used for research, so it was dubbed monkeypox. 1971 marked the first human victim of monkeypox in the Congo Republic.1Like variola (VARV), cowpox (CPX) and vaccinia (VACV), MPXV is a member of the family of DNA that is double-stranded viruses known as the genus Orthopoxvirus2.
Comparison of Repeated Task Oriented Training for the improvement of motor function with mirror Therapy and Conventional Treatment On upper limb in patients with stroke - A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Authors: Zulfiqar Ruha , Shoaib M. Saddam , Fatimah Arooj , Rana Faiqa Mehmood , Maqbool Sania , Safdar Kiran , Siddique Ainan , Amin Ruhmah
Published: June 2023

Background: This study's goal is to illustrate how mirror treatment can be used with someone who has upper-extremity hemiparesis three months after suffering a cerebrovascular accident (stroke). These patients frequently fail to use their affected upper extremity to its full extent, possibly as a result of the "learned nonuse phenomenon. On each weekday of the 9-day intervention period, the patient performed tasks with the paretic upper extremity for 6 hours while being closely watched. Methods: Study population was patients from Mayo hospital Lahore. Study design was Randomized Controlled Trial. RCT:. 34 patients who met the requirements for inclusion were examined in this study. Before beginning any physical examination, each participant in this study gave their written, informed consent. Patients were divided equally into two groups. The Wolf Motor Function Test and the Numeric Pain Scale were used to measure pain and motor function on the first day. Group A received treatment using mirror therapy, whereas Group B received traditional care. Results: Mirror therapy was significantly effective in lowering pain and boosting functional activity in stroke patients, as evidenced by the comparison of the pre- and post-treatment scores on the NPRS and WMFT for groups A and B. Practical Implication: Stroke leads to multiple dysfunctions depending upon severity of lesion. It may decrease the range of motion and leads to functional dependency or disability. Physical therapy is important in the management of stroke including Strengthening, Stretching, ROMs and Manipulation and Mirror Therapy. This study provided an opportunity to share my personal experience with community. This study was conducted purely in clinical setting of Physiotherapy Department Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Conclusion: The study has proved that mirror therapy is more effective when combined with conventional treatment in management of stroke as compared to only use of conventional treatment. Keywords: Task oriented training, Motor function, Mirror therapy, conventional therapy, stroke, RCT
Translation and Validation of Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire in Urdu Language for Developmental Coordination Disorder Population
Authors: Dar Rida Khawar , Waqas Shoaib , Tariq Muhammad , Asim Hafiz Muhammad , Javaid Asifa , Ghafoor Imran
Published: June 2023

Aim: To translate developmental coordination disorder questionnaire in Urdu language and validate its psychometric properties for cross cultural adaptation. Methods: This validation study was done at the Lahore College of Physical Therapy. The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) was translated into Urdu utilizing Bombardier, Beaton, and Guillemin's cross-cultural adaption principles. The forward and backward translations were completed by two separate translators, one of whom is a medical professional professor and the other an Urdu language professor. The final certified version of DCDQ-Urdu was confirmed by bilingual professionals. The validated version's reliability was then evaluated on 28 children with developmental coordination disorder. Results: After population testing, the Cranach's alpha of the DCDQ-Urdu version was 0.873. The inter item correlation of the DCDQ-Urdu for three domains, control during movement, fine motor/handwriting, and general coordination, with total DCDQ score is 0.386, 0.312, and 0.3002, respectively, and after population testing is 0.273, 0.303, and 0.397. The original English and translated DCDQ-Urdu versions had a significant association (Spearman's rho 0.951 p 0.000).Test retest reliability ranged from 0.504 to 0.721. Conclusion: The Urdu version of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire has good internal consistency and fair inter-item correlation, making it suitable for use as a screening tool for parents of children with and without impaired motor coordination. Keywords: Developmental Coordination Disorder, DCDQ-Urdu version, Motor skill impairment
Intra-Prostatic Injection of Epinephrine during Transurethral Resection of Prostate Reduces Blood Loss and Need for Blood Transfusions
Authors: Zohaib Agha , Siddiq Adnan , Khalid Salman El , Mithani Shoaib , Hassan Waqar , Saleem Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Aim: To assess the role of Intraprostatic injection of epinephrine intra-operatively in patients undergoing TURP in decreasing blood loss and the need for subsequent blood transfusions. Design: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Place and duration of study: The Kidney Centre Postgraduate Training Institute, Karachi, from March till August 2020. Methodology: A total of 40 patients were chosen at random and divided into two groups of equal size. One group got an intra-prostatic injection of epinephrine, whereas the other received a standard saline injection. Both groups were evaluated in terms of prostate volume (ml), resected tissue (gms), surgical resection time (minutes), pre and post-operative Hemoglobin (HB), and Hematocrit (HCT) levels. Intra-operative blood loss was then quantified using the last two variables. Transfusion requirement in both groups was also recorded. Results: Mean +Age of patients in Group A and Group B was 66.30+9.24years and 65.65+7.43years, respectively, with no significant difference between both groups (p=0.808). Median and IQR Prostatic volume in Group A and Group B was 68.0, 15, and 64.0,21, suggesting no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.372). Mean + S.D Loss of HB of patients in Group A and Group B was 1.15 + 0.42 and 1.87+1.04, respectively, with a significant difference between both groups (p=0.007). Mean + S.D of post-op HCT patients in Group A and Group B was 3.16+1.50 and 4.81+2.79, revealing a significant difference between the two groups (p=0.026). No patients in Group A needed blood transfusions, whereas six patients in Group B had blood transfusions, indicating a statistical distinction between the two groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: The use of intra-prostatic injection of epinephrine leads to reduced blood loss and subsequently reduced operative time, irrigation fluid usage, and blood transfusion during TURP. It also allows a greater amount of prostatic tissue to be resected. Keywords: Transurethral resection of Prostate, Epinephrine, Blood transfusion, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit.