bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced setup for safe breath sampling and patient monitoring under highly infectious conditions in the clinical environment
Authors: Sukul Pritam , Trefz Phillip , Schubert Jochen , Miekisch Wolfram
Published: June 2022

Being the proximal matrix, breath offers immediate metabolic outlook of respiratory infections. However, high viral load in exhalations imposes higher transmission risk that needs improved methods for safe and repeatable analysis. Here, we have advanced the state-of-the-art methods for real-time and offline mass-spectrometry based analysis of exhaled volatile organics under SARS-CoV-2 and/or similar respiratory conditions. To reduce infection risk, the general experimental setups for direct and offline breath sampling are modified. Certain mainstream and side-stream viral filters are examined for direct and lab-based applications. Confounders/contributions from filters and optimum operational conditions are assessed. We observed immediate effects of infection safety mandates on breath biomarker profiles. Main-stream filters induced physiological and analytical effects. Side-stream filters caused only systematic analytical effects. Observed substance specific effects partly depended on compound’s origin and properties, sampling flow and respiratory rate. For offline samples, storage time, -conditions and -temperature were crucial. Our methods provided repeatable conditions for point-of-care and lab-based breath analysis with low risk of disease transmission. Besides breath VOC profiling in spontaneously breathing subjects at the screening scenario of COVID-19/similar test centres, our methods and protocols are applicable for moderately/severely ill (even mechanically-ventilated) and highly contagious patients at the intensive care.
Intraspecific trait variation and species functional turnover in successional tropical forests: assessing trait imputation for community weighted means
Authors: Hogan J. Aaron , Xu Han , Baraloto Christopher
Published: June 2022

Accounting for intraspecific trait variation (ITV) is central to plant ecology and crucial for vegetation modeling efforts. ITV can be substantial; however, it remains unclear how ITV influences community-weighted mean (CWM) trait estimates. We use leaf and root trait data from 423 trees of 72 species from 15 Angiosperm families in combination with community data from 164 25×25m plots comprising 580 species to evaluate the contribution of ITV to CWMs, comparing unlogged primary tropical forest to selectively-logged and clear-cut secondary tropical forest. We examine the effect of gap-filling missing trait values using phylogenetic generalized linear modeling (PhyloPars) on CWMs. For six of the seven traits, ITV negatively covaried with species turnover to generate larger CWM differences between forest types than observed if ITV was not integrated. For example, plot average assemblage-weighted mean specific leaf area was 10.7 and 10.4 m2 kg-1 for primary and secondary forests, not accounting for ITV, but shifted to 9.8 and 11.1 m2 kg-1 after doing so. Our results from 72-species assemblages were largely consistent with results using phylogenetically-imputed traits for the entire community. The contribution of ITV to CWMs ranged from 25 to 75%, with nearly all trait variation due to forest type attributable to ITV. CWM trait estimates became more conservative with forest age, whereas ITV for many traits showed an acquisitive shift (i.e., increasing in leaf area or root length), and because of negative covariation between ITV and species turnover, forest age-related CWM differences increased.
Performance Analysis of SIC based hybrid precoding for multi-user case in 3D scenario
Authors: MYADAR Rajashekhar , m vanidevi
Published: June 2022

Massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) systems are best suitable for mmWave communications improving throughput and spectral efficiency in 5G. Beamforming is a wireless technique adopted by massive MIMO and used in 4G & 5G to increase the directivity and energy efficiency by focusing the signal in specific direction supporting only single user transmission with one data stream. Precoding is a generalized form of beamforming to support multi-stream transmission in multi-antenna wireless communication, such that combination of analog and digital precoding forms the hybrid precoding which shows good performance with less complexity. Successive Interference Cancelation (SIC) is a technique in which optimization of different antenna arrays will be done one by one such that while optimizing the capacity of specific array contribution of earlier optimized array is removed from the total capacity and precoder of that specific optimizing array will be computed. In this paper we have designed the SIC based hybrid precoding using sub-connected and fully-connected structures for multi-user (MU) case and compared them with the optimal precoding for mmWave massive MIMO systems in a 3D scenario, where both azimuth and elevation angles are taken into account in the channel. The proposed algorithms are simulated in the MATLAB and compared their performance with different parameters and shown that SIC-based scheme is near-optimal for multi-user case.
Security Model and Algorithms in Federate learning under IoT Critical Infrastructure
Authors: JALALI NASIR AHMAD , Chen Hongsong
Published: June 2022

in today's digital world, IoT has a vital and very important role in offering and exchanging information services throughout the internet. it is new technologies and applications that have a deep effect on every domain of our daily life such as education, social, healthcare, and so on. IoT deals with many different sensing objects and machines that interact with each other to do their activities, IoT collects and exchanges data from all sensing objects and machines. Stores the collected data in structured or unstructured format managed through cloud platform services. Due to IoT have classical centralized learning algorithms, it affects directly by computational power and time, most importantly security and privacy issues respect with to user data. So for overcoming these challenges, federated learning is a favorable solution that enables on-object machine learning without migrating end-user private data to the central point (cloud), as well as Artificial Intelligent (AI) benefits to domains with sensitive data, only learning model update will be transferred between end-devices and the central server. By using the federated learning model the scope of the decentralized approach will be boost by having a huge number of clients for collaborating training, this FL makes vulnerable again various security threats and risks. In this paper, we analyze the overall vulnerabilities being exploited by malicious attackers which impact system security and privacy violation, common security threats and attacks in FL to distributed machine learning solutions and defensive techniques to enhance security/privacy vulnerabilities such as security models and algorithms to secure information in a decentralized system, network security as well as access control for availability, integrity, and confidentiality ( AIC), end device are required to protect and secured from unauthorized access.
STATE REGULATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING: WORLD EXPERIENCE
Authors: Melnyk O. , Myroshnychenko Iu , Rozman-Li A.
Published: June 2022

Improvement of the quality of higher education depends on many factors, including adequate funding for higher education. At the same time, the low level of higher education quality leads to numerous problems in the labour market, low-level development of human capital and the economy. Thus, the expenditures on financing higher education are investments in the development of the state's human capital, which has a direct influence on its economic growth and sustainable development. The article gives the analysis of approaches to the higher education funding based on the foreign experience study in order to determine the possibilities of adaptation and implementation to Ukrainian education system. The authors chose to analyze the approaches to financing higher education in England, Germany, the Scandinavian countries and the United States. The key models of funding higher education are reviewed, namely the English model as an example of formula funding, the social model of the Scandinavian countries, the American model with a comprehensive financial support system for students and the German model with a dual education system. Countries have different approaches to the organization of financing higher education (for example, funding "by formula" (which also differs in various models), "by results", "money per student", etc.). The common for the countries is the recognition of higher education and HEIs as essential subjects of the socio-economic space, interaction with which contributes to the quality development of society and economic growth of the country. Therefore, the considered models are characterized by a multi-channel system of financing higher education institutions, which includes both funding from the state budget and revenues from private sources, as well as paid services provided by the very universities. There is also a high level of financial support of students through grants, loans, subsidies and more. It is noted that this principle of financing the Higher Education Institutions and, in fact, students as subjects of education is prospective for implementation into higher education funding system of Ukraine.
PRACTICAL PRINCIPLES OF INCREASING THE LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES EFFICIENCY OF A MODERN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Karintseva O. , Kharchenko M. , Mazin Y. , Falko K.
Published: June 2022

The competitiveness and efficiency of business structures remain one of the most relevant problems in almost any economic environment. Enterprises use logistics to increase their competitiveness, particularly by optimizing logistics costs and improving the profitability of enterprise assets.
The paper considers the essential characteristics of the concept of efficiency of logistics activities of the enterprise and identifies the factors influencing their logistics activities. The study finds the process of efficiency assessment of logistics activities of the enterprise as a solution of four main tasks: monitoring of logistics operations; control over the process of transport and logistics services; operational management based on the current trends; development of further tactical and strategic actions to improve the logistics process.
The paper identifies and substantiates the main directions and methods of improving the efficiency of logistics activities, taking into account various areas of logistics such as inventory management, transportation, warehousing, packaging, cargo processing, procurement, and distribution. Based on the systems approach principles, the paper shows that the methods of increasing the efficiency of logistics activities should be used comprehensively as part of a single mechanism for identifying and mobilizing existing efficiency reserves in each of the proposed segments.
Polisan LLC's case study shows the practical aspects of ensuring the efficiency of its logistics activities in a specific business situation. The research suggests the system of efficiency indicators for the comparative analysis of particular variants of the further development of logistic activity. The paper presents economic justifications for the use of logistics outsourcing in the conditions of this company. The relative indicator of economic efficiency of the proposed measures for logistics outsourcing, namely, the profitability of logistics operations, will increase from 28.39% to 31.08%.
RATIONAL DEBT POLICY IN THE FINANCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM OF THE STATE
Authors: Saltykova H. , Zakharkin О. , Tarasenko Ya.
Published: June 2022

The aim of the work is to study the features of Ukraine's debt policy, its modern methods, and levers, identify the main problems and determine the rational directions of public debt management. The following methods were used in the research process: logical generalization, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, calculation-analytical method, method of graphical representation of data. The article examines the essence of Ukraine's public debt and identifies the main problems of its management. The structure of Ukraine's public debt and its optimal limits are determined. A thorough analysis of the current state and trends of public debt of Ukraine. In particular, trends in its share in gross domestic product were identified, a structural analysis of Ukraine's public debt from 01.01.2014 to 01.09.2021 was conducted, and an analysis of budget expenditures for servicing and repaying Ukraine's public debt was conducted. Analysis of the state and structure of Ukraine's public debt makes it possible to identify trends in its growth.
During the analyzed period, the size of Ukraine's public debt changed rapidly, due to the general factors of economic development. In the structure of public debt there is a clear tendency for the predominance of external debt over domestic. The aim of the work is to study the essence of public debt and methods of its management, analysis of the situation and identification of the main problems of public debt management in Ukraine. The issue of public debt is becoming more relevant every day. The main reasons for the emergence of public debt are the state budget deficit and significant amounts of internal and external borrowing.
Further growth of Ukraine's public debt is very dangerous and may lead to loss of economic independence, withdrawal from the financial market of funds that could be used to develop the real sector of the economy, reduced competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets, declining living standards. But reaching the projected level threatens Ukraine with default. To avoid negative consequences, it is necessary to improve the mechanism of public debt management at the institutional level, to improve the regulatory framework, as well as to increase the level of own gross domestic product through the modernization of domestic enterprises.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SUPERVISORY AND REGULATORY SUPPORT OF FINANCIAL MONITORING AND CYBER SECURITY PROCEDURES
Authors: Lyeonov S. , Kuzmenko O. , Koibichuk V. , Horai D.
Published: June 2022

Ways to improve the procedures of financial monitoring, cybersecurity organizations in the transition of the state economy to digital format, the development of innovative digitization, the level of information awareness of society is an urgent task today. In the absence of a consensus on the application of specific international law in the field of cybersecurity, individual states unilaterally determine their national positions. Therefore, it is important to determine the specifics of each system for safe and correct organization of mutually beneficial cooperation, on the one hand, and to improve their own practices and procedures to combat money laundering, gain qualitatively new knowledge on the least manifestations of risks and their prevention. stage of origin, on the other hand. The article presents a comparative analysis of the legal support of cyber defense and cybersecurity of the financial system and information and communication technologies of Germany, Poland, Ukraine, the United States, Switzerland, and the European Union. The generalized algorithm of financial monitoring is considered in the context of EU member states, based on the current provisions of Directive 2018/843 / EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of Europe on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing. The main provisions on which the European Commission’s algorithm is based are: open access to the registers of beneficial owners of companies, which increases the transparency of the analyzed information on financial transactions; transparency of information about trusts and similar structures; expanding the range of obligated entities (suppliers of e-wallets and virtual currency exchange platform); strengthening the capacity of the competent Financial Intelligence Units of the European Union to request, receive and use information from obligated entities; compliance with the criteria for verification of financial transactions carried out with the involvement of countries with a high degree of risk. The results obtained on the organization of a well-developed roadmap for financial monitoring on the example of the European Union serve as a basis for short- and long-term cybercultural modifications for both economic agents and the state.
Using Plugs and Hydrogels to Establish Populations of Prairie Dropseed, a Critical Native Grass, in Restored Prairies in Minnesota
Authors: Brewer Katherine , Hockenberry-Meyer Mary , Galatowitsch Susan , Hokanson Stan C.
Published: June 2022

Prairie dropseed [Sporobolus heterolepis (A. Gray) A. Gray] is a critical North American native grass that is often not incorporated into prairie restoration seed mixes due to its low survival and growth rates. This project investigated using hydrogels, landscape plugs, and native field soil to improve the survival and growth of prairie dropseed. At three tallgrass prairie restoration sites at the Minnesota Landscape Arboretum, we planted prairie dropseed plugs in Fall 2019, Spring 2020, and Fall 2020. When grown in the field from 42 to 94 weeks, we found that potting mix–grown plugs had increased growth as measured by dry weight compared with plugs grown in native soils. Soil medium did not influence survival rates. The use of hydrogels did not demonstrate increased survival or growth compared with plugs planted with water. We recommend land managers and restorationists use plugs grown in commercial potting mix rather than grown in native soils, and we found no advantage in using hydrogels over watering at planting.
O nível de caixa e a proteção aos acionistas minoritários podem afetar a deslistagem de empresas no Brasil?
Authors: Rodrigues Oliveira Juliana , Maciel Peixoto Fernanda , Olímpia Neves Mamede Maestri Cláudia
Published: June 2022

RESUMO

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar os aspectos intrínsecos da deslistagem no Brasil, de forma a compreender os determinantes desse processo em momentos de crise e de estabilidade econômica. A amostra compreendeu todas as empresas listadas (com exceção das firmas pertencentes ao setor financeiro e de fundos) na BM&FBOVESPA no período de 2004 a 2015, o que representou 576 empresas, das quais 243 se deslistaram e destas, 112 foram voluntariamente. O modelo de regressão adotado foi o logit com dados em painel. A fundamentação teórica se baseou principalmente nos estudos de Pour e Lasfer (2013), Bortolon e Silva Júnior (2015), Saito e Padilha (2015) e Santos (2016). Os resultados evidenciaram relação positiva com a deslistagem voluntária para as variáveis caixa em momentos de crise, tamanho da empresa e oportunidades de crescimento, e, relação negativa com a deslistagem voluntária para as variáveis distribuição de dividendos em momentos de crise, emissão de ADR’s, nível de Governança Corporativa e alavancagem. A principal contribuição desta pesquisa foi evidenciar que em momentos de crise: uma maior disponibilidade de caixa aumenta a probabilidade de a empresa se deslistar da bolsa de valores e, uma maior proteção aos acionistas minoritários atenua a probabilidade de deslistagem das empresas.

Palavras-chave: Deslistagem Voluntária; Disponibilidade de Caixa; Governança Corporativa; Proteção aos Acionistas Minoritários.
Governança Corporativa em Cooperativas de Saúde: Um Estudo de Caso na Unimed Fortaleza
Authors: Wanderley Lima Soares Francisco , De Queiroz Machado Diego , Barboza Guimarães Daniel , Katielli Azevedo de Macedo Alana
Published: June 2022

RESUMO

A adoção de práticas de governança corporativa já é obrigatória em empresas elencadas no mercado mobiliário, mas, em empresas classificadas como cooperativa no ramo de assistência médica, não. A Unimed Fortaleza, mesmo não possuindo uma exigência legal, adota as práticas de governança para atender as exigências dos stakeholders. Utilizou-se para coleta de informações os relatórios de gestão, estatuto social e código de conduta ética. O levantamento das informações foi realizado por meio dos relatórios de gestão e sustentabilidade concernentes aos períodos de 2007 e 2015, que compreendem dois momentos singulares na existência da empresa no que tange à composição gerencial e modelos de relatórios de gestão. Fez-se uma análise comparativa nestes dois períodos, no intuito de averiguar a existência de alguma diferença significativa no escopo gerencial, que pudesse ter sido marcante nestes dois momentos da empresa, observando os pilares da governança corporativa, quais sejam: propriedade, conselho de administração, gestão, órgãos de fiscalização e controle, e conduta e conflito de interesses. Concluiu-se, após análise, que a abordagem gerencial abordada no período de 2015 possuiu mais clareza, concisão, transparência e prestação de contas, comparando-se com o período de 2007.

Palavras-chave: Governança corporativa. Pilares da Governança. Cooperativa médica. Estudo de caso.
QUALIDADE DA INFORMAÇÃO CONTÁBIL E GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA: Uma análise da produção científica internacional
Authors: Renan Voltolini Gomes Adhmir , Strassburg Udo , Ribeiro de Mello Gilmar
Published: June 2022

RESUMO

O presente estudo objetivou analisar o atual estágio da pesquisa referente a qualidade da informação contábil relacionada com governança corporativa no âmbito internacional. Para tal, foi realizada uma análise temporal de publicações e citações, referências mais citadas e sociométrica dos artigos mais citados e, além disso, foram abordadas as leis bibliométricas de Bradford, Lotka e Zipf. A base de periódicos selecionada foi a WEB OF SCIENCE, não foi realizado corte temporal, assim, o limite temporal é o estabelecido pela base. As palavras-chave pesquisadas foram “Quality of information” em qualquer parte do artigo, em seguida, foi filtrado nos resultados as que continham “Governance” em qualquer parte do artigo. Dentro desses parâmetros, foram encontrados 1.453 artigos sobre o tema, sem realizar exclusões. A análise foi elaborada com auxílio de planilhas eletrônicas e com os softwares bibliométricos VOSviewer e Ucinet 6. Nos resultados, ficou evidenciado que o tema atingiu mais de 100 artigos publicados por ano após 2010. Em 2015 e 2016 as publicações ultrapassaram a marca de 200 por ano e, até julho de 2017, totalizaram 98 publicações. Quanto à Lei de Bradford, os artigos foram classificados em cinco zonas. Sendo o núcleo composto por apenas 6 periódicos, mas com a produtividade de 290 artigos sobre o tema, corresponde a 19,96% do total de publicações. E quanto à Lei de Lotka, a proporção de autores que publicaram apenas uma obra é de 82,17% e, quando soma-se a quantidade de autores que publicaram apenas duas obras, o percentual alcança 94,49%. Quanto à Lei de Zipf, denota-se que Auditor é o termo mais recorrente, 199 vezes, e System com 164 ocorrências é o segundo. Em terceiro com 124 ocorrências, está o termo earnings management. A governança está relacionada a qualidade em outra densidade, porém detém proximidade com o termo Disclosure quality, Information asymmetry e ownership structure. Na abordagem sociométrica, o artigo que detém o maior nó refere-se aos autores Leuz, Nanda e Wysocki (2003) relacionado ao gerenciamento de resultados e proteção dos investidores. A contribuição deste estudo refere-se à descrição de um tema de pesquisa amplo, com o intuito de nortear futuras pesquisas voltadas ao tema.

Palavras-chave: Governança corporativa. Qualidade da Informação Contábil. Análise Bibliométrica.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS BOAS PRÁTICAS DE GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA NA CONTROLADORIA DAS EMPRESAS QUE ATUAM NO NOVO MERCADO DA BM&FBOVESPA
Authors: César Melo Ribeiro Henrique , Colares Oliveira Marcelle
Published: June 2022

RESUMO

O presente estudo tem como objetivo maior levantar os impactos da adoção das boas práticas de Governança Corporativa sobre a área de Controladoria das empresas que atuam no Novo Mercado da BM&FBovespa (Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo). Em termos metodológicos, procedeu-se a uma pesquisa do tipo qualitativa, com três formas de investigação: bibliográfica, documental e questionário fechado. A análise dos dados realizou-se por meio de questionário fechado sendo ainda apoiada por ferramentas e procedimentos estatísticos e interpretativos. Os principais resultados foram: na estrutura de planejamento, isto reforça o poder que as boas práticas exercem na definição destas estruturas. Entretanto, a estrutura denominada contabilidade societária, sofreu maior influência, em decorrência da adoção das melhores práticas. A governança corporativa influenciou nos seguintes grupos de funções: contábil, gerencial estratégica, planejamento organizacional e gestora da informação, impactando na qualidade da informação contábil gerada pela área de controladoria, minimizando a assimetria da informação e os possíveis conflitos de agência. O presente estudo aponta e conclui que houve impactos da adoção das boas práticas de Governança Corporativa sobre a área de Controladoria nas empresas investigadas.

Palavras-chave: Governança corporativa; Controladoria; BM&FBovespa; Novo Mercado.
Corporate Governance and Performance in agricultural co-operatives in Brazil
Authors: Da Silva Américo Jean Carlos , Silvia Morales de queiroz Caleman  , Davi Rogério de Moura Costa  , Patrícia Campeão
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the adoption of corporate governance practices and the performance of agricultural co-operatives in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The document analysis was based on bylaws and meeting minutes from 2012 to 2014, from a sample of 21 co-operatives, totaling 84 documents. In order to assess the level of corporate governance we compared the co-operatives’ documents to the 40 recommendations proposed by the Brazilian Co-operatives Organization (OCB, 2016). These are distributed in 5 major areas: i) members and the general assembly; ii) management board; iii) supervisory board; iv) advisory bodies and audit; and v) ombudsman and co-operatives’ relationship with their members. The theoretical presupposition is that the adoption of corporate governance aligns the interests of the co-operatives and their members, which minimizes agency conflicts.  To that end, we assumed the following theoretical precepts of the agency theory: i) monitoring, and ii) incentives. The results showed that the majority of governance practices recommended are related to the “management board” area, while those most adopted by the co-operatives are related to the dimension “members and general assembly”—which are strongly related to monitoring efforts. Considering the totality of recommendations proposed by OCB, only two have been 100% adopted by the co-operatives. The results show a low level of corporate governance in agriculture co-ops in Mato Grosso do Sul. We conclude that there is still a long way to go until governance practices become a mechanism to minimize agency conflicts.
Mulheres no Conselho Afetam a Reputação Corporativa? Uma Análise da Participação Feminina em Companhias Listadas na B3
Authors: Raquel Raulino Tomaz Ana , Ítalo Carlos Soares do Nascimento  , Annandy Raquel Pereira da Silva  , Géison Calyo Varela de Melo  , Caritsa Scartaty Moreira
Published: June 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a associação entre a participação feminina no Conselho de Administração e a reputação corporativa, a partir de uma análise realizada em 82 das 100 empresas listadas na B3 S.A. Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão, com maior valor de mercado, de acordo com os dados do exercício de 2018, disponíveis na base Economática®. De natureza quantitativa, a pesquisa descritiva utilizou técnicas da estatística descritiva, teste de diferenças entre médias de Mann-Whitney e a análise de correspondência simples. A participação feminina é medida pela proporção do número de mulheres presentes no conselho em relação ao total de seus membros titulares, enquanto a proxy da reputação corporativa é mensurada a partir da participação da empresa no Ranking Merco – Monitor Empresarial de Reputação Corporativa. Através da Análise de Correspondência Simples, os dados sugerem uma associação positiva entre participação feminina e reputação corporativa, o que foi ratificado com a aplicação do teste de Mann-Whitney. Dessa forma, os resultados obtidos no presente estudo aceitam a hipótese geral de que há uma associação positiva entre a participação feminina no Conselho de Administração e a reputação corporativa de empresas brasileiras.
Bootstrapping Mixed MN Correlators in 3D
Authors: Kousvos Stefanos Robert , Stergiou Andreas
Published: June 2022

The recent emergence of the modern conformal bootstrap method for the
study of conformal field theories (CFTs) has enabled the revisiting of
old problems in classical critical phenomena described by
three-dimensional CFTs. The study of such CFTs with
O(m)^n \rtimes S_nO(m)n⋊Sn
global symmetry, also known as models, is pursued in this work. Systems
of mixed correlators involving scalar operators in two different
representations of the global symmetry group are considered. Isolated
allowed regions are found in parameter space for various values of
mm
and nn.
These ``islands’’ can be separated into two qualitative groups: those
close to the unitarity bound and those further away. As a by-product of
our analysis generic tensor structures required to bootstrap any
G^n \rtimes S_nGn⋊Sn
theory with GG
arbitrary are worked out.
Exact hydrodynamic solution of a double domain wall melting in the spin-1/2 XXZ model
Authors: Scopa Stefano , Calabrese Pasquale , Dubail Jerome
Published: June 2022

We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of a one-dimensional
spin-1/2 XXZ model at zero-temperature in the regime
|\Delta|< 1|Δ|<1,
initially prepared in a product state with two domain walls i.e,
|\downarrow\dots\downarrow\uparrow\dots\uparrow\downarrow\dots\downarrow \rangle|↓…↓↑…↑↓…↓⟩.
At early times, the two domain walls evolve independently and only after
a calculable time a non-trivial interplay between the two emerges and
results in the occurrence of a split Fermi sea. For
\Delta=0Δ=0,
we derive exact asymptotic results for the magnetization and the spin
current by using a semi-classical Wigner function approach, and we
exactly determine the spreading of entanglement entropy exploiting the
recently developed tools of quantum fluctuating hydrodynamics. In the
interacting case, we analytically solve the Generalized Hydrodynamics
equation providing exact expressions for the conserved quantities. We
display some numerical results for the entanglement entropy also in the
interacting case and we propose a conjecture for its asymptotic
value.
Menstrual material maintenance, disposal, and laundering challenges among displaced girls and women in Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Schmitt Margaret L. , Gruer Caitlin , Clatworthy David , Kimonye Christopher , Peter Deborah E. , Sommer Marni
Published: June 2022

Displaced girls and women face a range of gendered challenges living in humanitarian contexts, including issues related to managing their menstruation safely, privately, and with dignity. Specific barriers identified across contexts include a lack of access to menstrual materials and supplies, safe and private toilets, and menstrual health information. Despite growing efforts by humanitarian organizations to address the menstruation-related needs of displaced populations, key aspects related to the maintenance of menstrual materials, including disposal and laundering, continue to be overlooked. This qualitative assessment was conducted in Northeast Nigeria with female Internally Displaced Persons aged 15–49 years (n = 70) and humanitarian response staff (n = 11). Findings indicate inconsistent access to menstrual materials and supplies, including items required for the routine cleaning of reusable menstrual materials. Additionally, many respondents highlighted insufficient access to menstruation-supportive toilets, including a lack of disposal options and poor lighting. Challenges with being able to discreetly launder reusable menstrual materials was problematic, leading some to adopt coping strategies such as constructing makeshift washrooms. Moving forward, more attention should be directed towards ensuring that the full spectrum of menstrual-related needs of girls and women are addressed, including improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facility design and programming that considers the practical implications of menstrual material maintenance.
Application of gated conduits for fertigation in irrigation systems
Authors: Aydin Alp Bugra , Tuna Muhammed Cihat , Baylar Ahmet
Published: June 2022

Fertigation involves dissolving fertilizer in irrigation water, and requires uniform water distribution and fertilization. A gated conduit can be used to inject liquid fertilizers or chemicals into a pressurized irrigation system. When the conduit gate is partially opened, a vacuum draws the fluid from the suction pipe into the conduit. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the fluid-injection ratio of gated conduits, which was shown to be high. The density and viscosity of the fluid were the most important parameters affecting the fluid-injection ratio. That ratio increased with increasing Froude number. It decreased as the gate opening proportion increased and with increasing conduit length. A design formula related to the Froude number, and the fluid's density and viscosity is presented to enable estimation of the fluid-injection ratio.
Water quality analysis using the CCME-WQI method with time series analysis in a water supply reservoir
Authors: Hu Lijiang , Chen Libin , Li Qing , Zou Kaipeng , Li Jinrui , Ye Hui
Published: June 2022

The quality of the drinking water source reservoirs has always been a research hotspot. However, few have studies focused on the water quality of reservoirs over a relatively long period with time series analysis. In this paper, based on water quality and hydrological data from 2010 to 2020, considering 8 water quality parameters, CCME-WQI with time series analysis was used to explore the interannual and seasonal changes in water quality in the Weishui Reservoir. Furthermore, the main factors affecting water quality were discussed through correlation analysis. The ARIMA model is used to predict water quality in the future. The results show that the water quality was seriously polluted from 2012 to 2013. After 2018, the water quality gradually improved and stabilized. In addition, the water quality is affected by inflow, showing the characteristics of poor water quality in summer and winter. The key parameters affecting water quality are TN and TP, which are almost 2 times higher than the grade II standard of water quality standard. Through the ARIMA model, it is predicted that CCME-WQI is maintained at 80.46 indicating that the water quality will be stable in the future.
Monitoring and forecasting cyanobacteria risk for a drinking water plant in Spain
Authors: Hurtado Isabel , Pouget Laurent , Fernández Sonia , Cascales Pablo
Published: June 2022

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms are a critical risk for public health since the release of cyanotoxins can reach hazardous levels in drinking water. In this study, a cost-effective monitoring programme has been developed and applied by a Spanish water operator to detect cyanobacteria presence in a drinking water plant reservoir; a total of 65 phytoplankton genera and seven cyanobacterial taxa were identified. Based on these monitoring data, different analysis techniques such as classification trees have been used to identify the potential situations of risk and to forecast cyanobacteria evolution in surface water. As a result, a new operational risk management plan has been developed and applied by the water operator since 2019. The main improvements concern the classification of the situations of risk in six groups (from low to very high, according to chlorophyl-a and cyanobacteria concentrations), the planning of the actions required under each situation (monitoring, management practice and treatment), and the use of the risk forecast to perform some of these actions from 2–3 days in advance. The methodology can be replicated to other case studies to facilitate the management of cyanobacteria risk and comply with the requirements of the revised European Drinking Water Directive adopted in 2020.
Conflito ambiental e turismo: o caso da comunidade do Oitero, Rio Tinto – PB
Authors: Cesar Pedro , Silva Sueny
Published: June 2022

Na atualidade, observam-se diversos casos de conflitos ambientais resultado da atividade turística, tais fatos se dão pela falta de planejamento da atividade que resulta em especulação imobiliária e, consequentemente, conflitos. Quando diferentes pessoas percebem a natureza de forma antagônica e buscam utilizá-las de modo para benefício próprio há um conflito ambiental. A pesquisa apresentada, teve como objetivo mostrar o conflito ambiental que acontece na praia de Oiteiro, em Rio Tinto – PB. Onde a Companhia de Tecido Rio Tinto pede a reintegração de posse às famílias que vivem há mais de 150 anos na praia, em que formam a Comunidade do Oiteiro. De acordo com os entrevistados, tal fato existe pela vontade de instalação de um meio de hospedagem de grande porte. Para a pesquisa foi utilizado o método da observação participante, que aconteceu entre os meses de junho de 2017 e março de 2018, e teve como ferramenta de coleta de dados a entrevista não-estruturada e documental. Percebeu-se que as pessoas que moram na região mantêm a cultura da subsistência e serão muito impactadas por uma possível reintegração de posse. Além disso, foi verificado que a possível instalação do empreendimento também resultará em problemas para a biodiversidade e ecossistema da região.  Há um forte movimento por parte dos moradores, movimentos sociais do Estado, políticos e Universidade na defesa da área, como forma de fazer valer o direito de um povo.

Palavras-chave: Conflito Ambiental. Turismo. Impacto Socioambiental. APA do Rio Mamanguape.
Competências necessárias aos profissionais do mercado hoteleiro sob a ótica de atores sociais do turismo de São Luís do Maranhão
Authors: Bouças da Silva David Leonardo , Sousa Narielson Costa , Montezano Lana
Published: June 2022

Objetivou-se identificar as competências necessárias aos profissionais do mercado hoteleiro no contexto atual e futuro, sob a ótica de atores sociais do turismo da capital maranhense, além das carências de formação e os desafios futuros para estes trabalhadores. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, transversal e qualitativa com representantes da esfera público-privada do turismo. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam como competências gerais: “conhecimentos sobre comportamento do consumidor”, e “habilidades gerais em vendas, gestão e atendimento”; e específicas: “conhecimentos em gestão de receitas e idiomas”. As atitudes mais destacadas foram “proatividade, empatia, ser hospitaleiro e ético”. As carências na formação versam acerca do “conhecimento sobre idiomas, empreendedorismo e inovação” e "estratégias de aprendizagem aplicadas”, enquanto os desafios futuros se relacionam a “conhecimentos sobre marketing de destinos e métodos quantitativos”, afora “habilidades de atender o novo consumidor e utilizar novas tecnologias”.
Palavras-chave: Competências Profissionais. Carências na Formação Profissional. Desafios Profissionais. Mercado Hoteleiro. São Luís do Maranhão.
Review on In Silico Methods, High-throughput Screening Techniques,
and Cell Culture Based In Vitro Assays for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cetin Yuksel , Aydinlik Seyma , Gungor Aysen , Kan Tugce , Avsar Timucin , Durdagi Serdar
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to have high incidence and mortality rate globally.
To meet the increasingly growing demand for new therapeutic drugs and vaccines, researchers
are developing different diagnostic techniques focused on screening new drugs
in clinical use, developing an antibody targeting a SARS-CoV-2 receptor, or interrupting
infection/replication mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2. Although many prestigious research
publications are addressing this subject, there is no open access platform where all experimental
techniques for COVID-19 research can be seen as a whole. Many researchers
have accelerated the development of in silico methods, high-throughput screening techniques,
and in vitro assays. This development has played an important role in the emergence
of improved, innovative strategies, including different antiviral drug development,
new drug discovery protocols, combinations of approved drugs, and setting up new drug
classes during the COVID-19 outbreak. Hence, the present review discusses the current
literature on these modalities, including virtual in silico methods for instant ligand- and
target-driven based techniques, nucleic acid amplification tests, and in vitro models
based on sensitive cell cultures, tissue equivalents, organoids, and SARS-CoV-2 neutralization
systems (lentiviral pseudotype, viral isolates, etc.). This pack of complementary
tests informs researchers about the accurate, most relevant emerging techniques available
and in vitro assays allow them to understand their strengths and limitations. This review
could be a pioneer reference guide for the development of logical algorithmic approaches
for new drugs and vaccine strategies against COVID-19.
FGF23 Actions in CKD-MBD and other Organs During CKD
Authors: Sun Ting , Yu Xijie
Published: June 2022

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a new endocrine product discovered in
the past decade. In addition to being related to bone diseases, it has also been found to be
related to kidney metabolism and parathyroid metabolism, especially as a biomarker and
a key factor to be used in kidney diseases. FGF23 is upregulated as early as the second
and third stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in response to relative phosphorus overload.
The early rise of FGF23 has a protective effect on the body and is essential for
maintaining phosphate balance. However, with the decline in renal function, eGFR (estimated
glomerular filtration rate) declines, and the phosphorus excretion effect caused by
FGF23 is weakened. It eventually leads to a variety of complications, such as bone disease
(Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Metabolism Disorder), vascular calcification
(VC), and more. Monoclonal antibodies against FGF23 are currently used to treat
genetic diseases with increased FGF23. CKD is also a state of increased FGF23. This article
reviews the current role of FGF23 in CKD and discusses the crosstalk between various
organs under CKD conditions and FGF23. Studying the effect of hyperphosphatemia
on different organs of CKD is important. The prospect of FGF23 for therapy is also discussed.
Effect of Simultaneous Dual-Task Training on Regional Cerebral Blood
Flow in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Kunieda Yota , Arakawa Chiaki , Yamada Takumi , Koyama Shingo , Suzuki Mizue , Ishiyama Daisuke , Yamada Minoru , Hirokawa Ryuto , Matsuda Tadamitsu , Nio Shintaro , Adachi Tomohide , Hoshino Haruhiko , Fujiwara Toshiyuki
Published: June 2022

Background:

No previous study has examined the effect of dual-task training using changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) as an outcome.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the effects of simultaneous dual-task training of exercise and cognitive tasks on rCBF using SPECT in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

Methods:

In this non-randomized control trial, 40 older adults with aMCI participated from May 2016 to April 2018. Outpatients in the intervention group (n = 22) underwent 24 sessions (12 months) of dual-task training twice a month for 60 mins per session. Participants in the control group (n = 18) continued to have regular outpatient visits. The primary outcome was rCBF at baseline and after 12 months, which was compared in each group using the two-sample t-test. The secondary outcomes were the rate of reversion and conversion from aMCI after 12 months.

Results:

Of the 22 participants in the intervention group, six dropped out; therefore, 16 were included in the analysis. The intervention group showed more significant increases in rCBF in multiple regions, including the bilateral frontal lobes, compared with the control group. However, the rates of reversion or conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were not significantly different.

Conclusions:

Dual-task training for older adults with aMCI increased rCBF in the frontal gyrus but did not promote reversion from MCI to normal cognition. Future intervention studies, such as follow-up examinations after the intervention, are warranted to consider long-term prognosis.
Neurobiology of Dream Activity and Effects of Stimulants on Dream
Authors: Murillo-Rodríguez Eric , Coronado-Álvarez Astrid , López-Muciño Luis Angel , Pastrana-Trejo José Carlos , Viana-Torre Gerardo , Barberena Juan José , Soriano-Nava Daniela Marcia , García-García Fabio
Published: June 2022

The sleep-wake cycle is the result of the activity of multiple neurobiological network interactions.
The dreaming feature is one interesting sleep on that represents sensorial components,
mostly visual perceptions, accompaniedby intense emotions. Further complexity has been added to
the topic of the neurobiological mechanism of dream generation by the current data suggesting
drugs' influence on dream generation. Here, we discuss the review of some of the neurobiological
mechanisms of the regulation of dream activity, with special emphasis on the effects of stimulants
on dreaming.
Antidepressant Drugs for Seizures and Epilepsy: Where do we Stand?
Authors: Tallarico Martina , Pisano Maria , Leo Antonio , Russo Emilio , Citraro Rita , De Sarro Giovambattista
Published: June 2022

People with epilepsy (PWE) are more likely to develop depression and both these complex
chronic diseases greatly affect health-related quality of life (QOL). This comorbidity contributes
to the deterioration of the QOL further than increasing the severity of epilepsy worsening prognosis.
Strong scientific evidence suggests the presence of shared pathogenic mechanisms. The correct
identification and management of these factors are crucial in order to improve patients’ QOL.
This review article discusses recent original research on the most common pathogenic mechanisms
of depression in PWE and highlights the effects of antidepressant drugs (ADs) against seizures in
PWE and animal models of seizures and epilepsy. Newer ADs, such as selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SRRI) or serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), particularly sertraline,
citalopram, mirtazapine, reboxetine, paroxetine, fluoxetine, escitalopram, fluvoxamine, venlafaxine,
duloxetine may lead to improvements in epilepsy severity whereas the use of older tricyclic antidepressant
(TCAs) can increase the occurrence of seizures. Most of the data demonstrate the acute effects
of ADs in animal models of epilepsy while there is a limited number of studies about the
chronic antidepressant effects in epilepsy and epileptogenesis or on clinical efficacy. Much longer
treatments are needed in order to validate the effectiveness of these new alternatives in the treatment
and the development of epilepsy, while further clinical studies with appropriate protocols are warranted
in order to understand the real potential contribution of these drugs in the management of
PWE (besides their effects on mood).