bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hematological parameters in a population of male bakers exposed to high heat work environment
Authors: Al-Otaibi Sultan T.
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the hematological changes associated with heat exposure in a population of bakers.

Materials and methods

Personal information was collected using a questionnaire, and a venous blood sample was drawn at the end of a work shift from the bakers and from a control group. The average wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index was measured in the workplaces of both the bakers and the controls.

Results

This cross-sectional study involved 137 bakers working in 20 bakeries and 107 controls who were comparable in terms of likely confounding factors. Hemoglobin and platelet values were abnormal among the bakers and statistically significantly different to the control group (P = 0.026, and P = 0.016 respectively). The average WBGT index in the bakeries was 37.4°C, while the average WBGT in the workplaces of the controls was 25.5°C, (P<0.0001).

Conclusions

The changes in the bakers’ hematological parameters were found to be associated with exposure to high environmental heat at bakeries, as measured by the WBGT index. Preventive measures should be introduced to reduce the adverse effect of heat exposure among bakers and directed toward the worker–equipment–environment triad.
Outcomes of the KC life 360 intervention: Improving employment and housing for persons living with HIV
Authors: Lightner Joseph S. , Barnhart Travis , Shank Jamie , Adams Debbie , Valleroy Ella , Chesnut Steven , Rajabiun Serena
Published: September 2022

Housing and employment are key factors in the health and wellbeing of persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States. Approximately 14% of low-income PLWH report housing instability or temporary housing, and up to 70% report being unemployed. The purpose of this study was to examine the outcomes of an intervention to improve housing and employment for PLWH in the Midwest. Participants (N = 87) were recruited from the Kansas City metropolitan area to participate in a one-year intervention to improve housing and employment. All individuals were living with HIV and were not stably housed, fully employed, nor fully engaged in HIV medical care. A series of generalized estimating equations were conducted using client-level longitudinal data to examine how housing, employment, viral load, and retention in care changed over time. Housing improved from baseline to follow-up, with more individuals reporting having stable housing (OR = 23.5; p < 0.001). Employment also improved from baseline to follow-up, with more individuals reporting full-time employment (OR = 1.9; p < 0.001). Viral suppression improved from baseline to follow-up, with more individuals being virally suppressed (OR = 1.6; p < 0.05). Retention in care did not change significantly from baseline to follow-up (OR = 0.820; p = 0.370). Client navigation seems to be a promising intervention to improve housing and employment for PLWH in the Midwest. Additional research is needed on the impact of service coordination on client-level outcomes. Future studies should be conducted on the scalability of client navigation interventions to improve the lives of low-income, underserved PLWH.
General editorial: EAJPC 8.2
Authors: Vickers Edward , Heylen Ann , Taylor-Jones Kate
Published: September 2022

This issue of the East Asian Journal of Popular Culture (EAJPC) includes a thematic section, edited by Scott Sommers, consisting of four papers dealing with various cultural ramifications of a modern popular culture in middle-class Japan, particularly in relation to gender and consumerism. It further features articles analysing the role of humour in the Sinophone world: one (by Charles Lam and Genevieve Leung) on the emergence during the 1970s of a consciousness of distinctive Hong Kong identity through the prism of the television sketch comedy, the Hui Brothers Show and another (by Jacob Tischer) investigating the use of a humorous social media strategy by Taiwan’s government in its attempts to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. The issue concludes with a paper by Marketa Bajgerová Verly on the representation of female victims of the Sino-Japanese War in the museums of the PRC. The book reviews section features commentary on four recently published works that relate to themes discussed in the research articles.
Examining the emergence of Hong Kong identity: A critical study of the 1970s Cantonese sketch comedy, The Hui Brothers Show
Authors: Lam Charles , Leung Genevieve
Published: September 2022

Research on Hong Kong identity has focused on several pivotal periods (the 1997 Handover, and the 2014 and 2019 protests), which situates local, postcolonial Hong Kong identity as oppositional to a national Chinese identity. While these time points are critical, it is also important to attend to earlier Hong Kong media, including humorous works. Better understanding of how Hong Kong humour operates expands our knowledge about humour, identity and media studies beyond the prolific cinematic output. This article reports on the content analysis of 8.8 hours of the sketch comedy show, 雙星報喜 (The Hui Brothers Show) 1971–72. The Hui brothers broke the ‘two fools’ tradition of vernacularized and self-deprecating comedy by incorporating content reflecting Hongkongers’ everyday experience and coinciding with a rise in television viewership. We report three representative themes: (1) luxury and novelty, (2) social commentaries and behaviour governance and (3) the normalization and centring of working-class lifestyles as ‘Hong Kong’ lifestyles. We argue that these themes from the 1970s have planted the seeds to Hong Kong identity boundaries that have been (re)constructed and (re)imagined in contemporary Hong Kong history thus offering opportunities for collective self-reflection about what it meant to be a Hongkonger then and what it means now.
A modern popular culture in middle-class Japan
Authors: Sommers Scott
Published: September 2022

In modern history, Japan has undergone an enormous transformation that created a huge middle-class with its own popular culture. This thematic section of the East Asian Journal of Popular Culture examines the way in which popular culture emerged from an early authoritarian control over culture and production. Four articles examine the ways in which forms of popular culture have evolved as the marketplace has adopted more liberal regulation. The place of gender and gender roles is particularly salient in understanding this transformation. This transformation is described using examples from both men’s and women’s fashion magazines (by Martyn David Smith and Satoshi Ota), the use of televised laughter (by David Humphrey) and the evolution of the place of women in Takarazuka theatre (by Toshiko Irie).
The ‘hedonistic revolution of everyday life’: Men’s magazines, consumerism and the Japanese salaryman in the 1960s
Authors: Smith Martyn David
Published: September 2022

This article examines the ambiguous relationship between masculinity and consumerism in Japan since the Taisho period. It charts the creation of Heibon Punch, the first post-war lifestyle magazine aimed explicitly at men. In contrast to the corporate ideological reaffirmation of, or passive submission to, political and economic ideology hegemonic salaryman masculinity would come to epitomize, in the magazine consumerism was presented as a means of establishing individuality, creativity, agency and self-expression. Rather than seeing the rise of men’s lifestyle magazines in the 1960s as reconstituting Japanese masculinity through struggles against the deleterious, feminizing effects of mass consumption, I argue instead that there was an attempt to defeminize the act of consumption itself and establish a masculinity at ease with the new imperative to go shopping. Underpinning this was the ongoing quest for a revolution in Japanese masculinity that challenged the association, since at least the 1920s, of individual consumption with feminine traits of hedonism, spontaneity and irrationality. In the 1960s, this quest countered the increasingly hegemonic connection of masculinity and male consumption to middle-class domesticity by offering the chance for young Japanese salarymen to envision a masculinity at ease with consumer society.
‘Can mom laugh?’: The production of the Japanese television family, 1960s–80s
Authors: Humphrey David
Published: September 2022

In this article, I examine the history of audience laughter on Japanese television and its role in producing and sustaining the image of an intimate, family-like public during the medium’s early decades. With a focus on the progressive gendering of audience laughter on Japanese television from the 1960s onwards, I demonstrate how the move to procure female laughter on the medium reflected broader ideological expectations that women and their laughter might unify a family-like, national audience. I argue that Japanese television sought to leverage female laughter – both concretely through paid waraiya ‘laughers’ in the audience and through the gender ideology surrounding laughter – to negotiate television’s foundational tensions between the public and the private. More broadly, I suggest that the history of television laughter and its gendering can throw into relief television’s co-imbrication with discourses on gender, nation and consumption.
Staging Personhood: Costuming in Early Qing Drama, Guojun Wang (2020)
Authors: Frank Adam D.
Published: September 2022

Review of: Staging Personhood: Costuming in Early Qing Drama, Guojun Wang (2020)

New York: Columbia University Press, 312 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-23119-190-6, h/bk, £50.00/$65.00
Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus in raw milk in Menofia Governorate and its effect on reproductive hormones and physiochemical properties of milk
Authors: Shaban Ashraf Khamees , Mohamed Ragab Hassan , Zakaria Asem Mohammed , Baheeg Eman Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease that affects domestic and wild cloven-hoofed animals. In Egypt, FMD has been enzootic since the 1950s and caused great economic losses in cattle and buffalos over the past few years. This study aimed to detect FMD virus (FMDV) in serum and raw milk samples collected from infected and adjacent cattle and buffalos from different localities in El Menofia Governorate, Egypt.

Materials and Methods: Blood and milk samples were collected from apparently diseased and adjacent 100 cows and 100 buffalos. Serum samples were prepared and used for the detection of FMDV using a non-structural protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) was used for the detection of FMDV in milk samples. Reproductive hormones were estimated using radioimmunoassay kits. Milk constituents were determined by Lactoscan.

Results: Of the 200 examined serum samples (100 cows and 100 buffalos), 56% and 44% were seropositive for FMDV non-structural protein antibodies in cattle and buffalo, respectively. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results confirmed that all examined milk samples collected from seropositive animals were positive for FMDV. Estrogen and progesterone levels in the serum of seropositive and seronegative animals were measured, and FMDV was proven to significantly elevate estrogen and reduce progesterone levels in both non-pregnant and pregnant animals during different stages of pregnancy. The effect of the virus on milk composition and somatic cell count (SCC) was also studied, revealing that FMDV infection significantly decreased the level of milk fat, protein, and lactose but did not significantly affected minerals, pH, and conductivity. Moreover, it significantly increased the SCC.

Conclusion: Data recorded in this study indicates a widespread occurrence of FMDV in cattle and buffalo all over Menofia Governorate, Egypt. Infected raw milk is of poor quality and, if put for commercial sale, may have health risks for consumers and play a significant role in spreading the virus. Moreover, FMDV may disturb some reproductive hormones, which could adversely affect cattle and buffalo productivity. Therefore, preventive programs and accurate diagnosis are essential for successful disease control.
Rapid and Sustained Symptom Relief in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Treated With Filgotinib: Data From the Phase 2b/3 SELECTION Trial
Authors: Danese Silvio , Ferrante Marc , Feagan Brian G. , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Hibi Toshifumi , Sandborn William J. , Schreiber Stefan , Ritter Timothy , Loftus Edward V. , Rogler Gerhard , Oortwijn Alessandra , Yun Chohee , Le Brun Franck-Olivier , Dinoso Jason , Hsieh Jeremy , Vermeire Séverine
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) regard rapid onset of action among the most important aspects of their treatment. We used the partial Mayo Clinic Score (pMCS) and component patient-reported subscores to assess the rapidity and sustainability of response to filgotinib, a once-daily, oral Janus kinase 1 preferential inhibitor, in adults with moderately to severely active UC in the phase 2b/3 SELECTION trial. The association between early symptomatic improvements and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes was also assessed.

METHODS:

In these post hoc analyses of the double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled 58-week SELECTION trial (NCT02914522), rectal bleeding and stool frequency diary data on days 1–15 and pMCS remission and response at multiple time points including weeks 10 and 58 were evaluated. HRQoL was assessed using the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire at weeks 10 and 58.

RESULTS:

Filgotinib 200 mg relative to placebo improved rectal bleeding and stool frequency within 7 days (P < 0.05). By week 2, greater proportions of filgotinib 200 mg-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved pMCS remission (biologic-naive, 15.1% vs 8.0%, P = 0.0410; biologic-experienced, 10.3% vs 4.2%, P = 0.0274). A similar treatment effect was observed at week 58 (P < 0.0001). Day 7 rectal bleeding and stool frequency subscores were associated with the Mayo Clinic Score response at weeks 10 and 58. Patients in pMCS remission at weeks 10 and 58 had greater improvements in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire score than those not in pMCS remission.

DISCUSSION:

Filgotinib 200 mg daily resulted in rapid and sustained improvements in both UC symptoms and HRQoL.
The Effect of Macroeconomic Indicators on Collection of Zakat, Infaq, and Alms (ZIS): A Case of the National Zakat Amil Agency (BAZNAS) in Java 2013-2020
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah , Qoyum Abdul
Published: September 2022

Indonesia is the largest Muslim country in the world with a Muslim population of 229 million people and ZIS collection institutions such as BAZNAS and LAZIS have spread throughout the archipelago. This research aims to determine how much influence the variables have in increasing the collection of Zakat, Infaq, and Alms (ZIS) in BAZNAS throughout the Province of Java. The variables used to explain the effect of macroeconomic variables on the collection of Zakat, Infaq, and Alms at BAZNAS are Regional Minimum Wages, Inflation, Per capita Income and Unemployment by using secondary data collection techniques or directly on the BAZNAS official website per year. This study uses the Common Effect Model (CEM) analysis model on panel data regression using time series and cross section data for the years 2013-2020.The results of this study indicate that of all independent variables that can affect ZIS income, only inflation and per capita income variables, while the Provincial Minimum Wage and Unemployment variables have no effect on the dependent variable.
Avaliação da dor pós-operatória após tratamento endodôntico com variação da profundidade de penetração da agulha de irrigação
Authors: Silva-Júnior Eneas Pereira , Bueno Carlos Eduardo da Silveira , Rocha Daniel Guimarães , Fontana Carlos Eduardo , De-Martin Alexandre Sigristi , Pelegrine Rina
Published: September 2022

Introdução: A ocorrência de dor na Endodontia pode interferir no sucesso do tratamento, podendo ser influenciada pela adequada irrigação ao longo da extensão do canal radicular. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a dor pós-operatória por meio de uma Escala Visual Analógica em pacientes submetidos a tratamento endodôntico de dentes unirradiculares, variando a profundidade de penetração da agulha de irrigação. Métodos: 46 pacientes foram submetidos a tratamento endodôntico em dentes unirradiculares, com sistema Protaper Next até X4, e a irrigação foi feita com 5mL de hipoclorito de sódio a 2,5% entre cada instrumento, com agulha de irrigação 30G de saída lateral, de acordo com cada grupo (n=23): grupo 1MM, com penetração da agulha 1mm aquém do comprimento de trabalho (CT), determinado como 1mm do forame apical; e grupo 3MM, no qual o limite de penetração da agulha foi 3mm aquém do CT. Em seguida, foi executado protocolo de irrigação final, com 3mL de EDTA a 17% e hipoclorito a 2,5%, agitados por Easy Clean, e obturados na mesma sessão. Resultados: A análise estatística de Kruskal-Wallis mostrou não haver diferenças significativas entre os grupos no que diz respeito à ocorrência e intensidade da dor pós-operató- ria (p=0,05). Conclusão: A variação na profundidade de inserção da agulha de irrigação não foi responsável por diferenças na dor pós-operatória.
Fraturas dentárias longitudinais em dente previamente intacto e em dente com restauração de Classe I: relato de dois casos clínicos com síndrome do dente rachado
Authors: Ferreira Inês , Pina-Vaz Irene
Published: September 2022

Introdução: As fraturas longitudinais de dentes íntegros ou com restauração de Classe I não são comuns. O envelhecimento e uma maior consciência de dentes fissurados podem explicar o crescente número de casos reportados. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente artigo é descrever dois casos de fratura dentária longitudinal, ocorridas em um pré-molar superior intacto e em um molar inferior com uma restauração de Classe I, com diferentes orientações da linha de fratura. Métodos: Avaliação clínica de dois casos de dentes rachados, evidenciando o diagnóstico e o tratamento. Os fragmentos extraídos foram observados clinicamente e, em um dos dentes, a dinâmica do início e progressão da fratura foi investigada. Resultados: No caso 1, marcas de fratura na superfície dos fragmentos extraídos evidenciaram o local de início e a taxa de progressão da fratura. No caso 2, a observação do dente extraído, com o tecido granulomatoso aderido apenas nos dois terços coronais da raiz, contribuiu para explicar a sobreposição da área de radioluscência, contrastando com a superfície de corte “limpo” do terço apical. Conclusões: As caracterís- ticas clínicas dos dentes rachados destacam a importância da observação dos fragmentos extraídos, para uma melhor compreensão do mecanismo de fratura.
Resolução cirúrgica de periodontite apical sintomática associada ao biofilme de Actinomyces sp em paciente diabético descompensado: relato de caso
Authors: Bernardi Anarela Vassen , Almeida Josiane de , Santos Rosemari dos , Veronêz Ana , Antonini Fernando , Crema Marlowa , Ferrari Patrícia Helena Pereira , Kopper Patricia Maria Poli
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a resolução cirúrgica de uma infecção endodôntica persistente causada por um biofilme de Actinomyces sp em paciente diabético descompensado. Relato de caso: Uma mulher de 53 anos de idade, com diabetes mellitus insulino-resistente, reclamou de dor e edema na região do incisivo lateral superior direito (dente #12), o qual já havia sido tratado endodonticamente há 38 anos. Após o retrata- mento endodôntico o dente permaneceu sintomático. Portanto, a cirurgia apical foi realizada e a retrocavidade preenchida com agregado de trióxido mineral. A lesão removida foi submetida à análise histopatológica e diagnosticada como cisto periapical circundado por biofilme de Actinomyces. Exames clínicos e de imagem foram conduzidos durante todo o tratamento. Doze meses após a cirurgia, a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico mostrou o sucesso da terapia, evidenciado pela formação de osso periapical. Conclusão: A cirurgia apical representou um efetivo tratamento para a periodontite apical sintomática com actinomicose em um paciente diabético descompensado.
Tratamento endodôntico não cirúrgico de dens invaginatus tipo III no incisivo central inferior
Authors: Yamashita Fernanda Chiguti , Yamashita Amanda Lury , Fiorentini Cassia Almeida , Tolentino Elen de Souza , Queiroz Alfredo Franco , Chicarelli Mariliani , Iwaki Lilian Cristina Vessoni
Published: September 2022

Introdução: O dens invaginatus (DI) está associado com a anatomia dental interna complexa. Objetivo: O presente estudo relata um caso de tratamento não cirúrgico de DI do tipo III de Oehlers associado a uma lesão apical extensa no incisivo central inferior, no qual a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) teve papel importante no diagnóstico e tratamento. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 17 anos de idade, com queixa de dor e inchaço, foi encaminhado para tratamento endodôntico do dente #41, com ápice fechado, diagnosticado com DI tipo III nos exames clínico e radiográfico. A TCFC permitiu uma avaliação detalhada da anatomia interna, região apical e estruturas adjacentes. Resultados: O tratamento endodôntico convencional da invaginação e do canal principal foi realizado com sucesso, permitindo eliminar o processo infeccioso e promover a neoformação óssea apical. Conclusão: A abordagem não cirúrgica do DI tipo III foi eficiente nesse caso, com baixa morbidade do paciente, remissão completa dos sintomas e reparo da região apical.
Perioperatif Transposition of The Great Arteries
Authors: Kesumarini Dian
Published: September 2022

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) merupakan salah satu kelainan jantung kongenital yang kompleks. Pada TGA, terjadi pertukaran sistem arterioventrikular di mana arteri pulmonalis keluar dari ventrikel kiri (LV) dan aorta keluar dari ventrikel kanan (RV). Pertukaran ini menyebabkan perubahan dalam sirkulasi darah, di mana darah yang teroksigenasi mengalir ke paru-paru dan darah yang tidak teroksigenasi mengalir ke sirkulasi sistemik.TGA memiliki beberapa variasi yang memerlukan perhatian dan tindakan operatif yang berbeda. Secara garis besar, TGA dibagi menjadi congenitally-corrected TGA (cc-TGA) dan dextro-TGA (d-TGA) yang dibagi lagi menjadi dua, yaitu TGA dengan septum interventrikular intak (TGA-IVS) dan TGA dengan defek septum ventrikel (TGA-VSD). Pada cc-TGA, diperlukan tindakan double switch. Pada d-TGA, arterial switch operation (ASO) menjadi prosedur pilihan. Pada TGA-IVS, tingkat mixing menjadi faktor penting yang perlu dijaga. Sementara itu, pada TGA-VSD, hipertensi pulmonal dan gagal jantung lebih sering terjadi. Manajemen anestesi merupakan salah satu hal penting untuk memastikan kelancaran prosedur koreksi.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Sevofluran dan Isofluran terhadap Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction pada Pasien yang Menjalani Operasi Laparotomi Salpingo Ooforektomi
Authors: Baskoro Adhi Gunawan , Nurcahyo Widya Istanto , Wicaksono Satrio Adi
Published: September 2022

Latar Belakang: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) merupakan penurunan kemampuan kognitif seseorang pascaoperasi yang berhubungan erat dengan kesehatan pasien, lama perawatan, tingkat morbiditas, mortalitas, keterlambatan penyembuhan, dan penurunan kualitas hidup. POCD dapat terjadi pada 15-25% pasien yang menjalani operasi, umumnya pada operasi dengan pembiusan umum. POCD dapat didiagnosa menggunakan instrumen skrining disfungsi kognitif ringan, diantaranya adalah menggunakan tes MOCA-INA yang memiliki nilai spesifisitas dan sensitivitas yang tinggi. Agen anestesi inhalasi sering disebut sebagai salah satu faktor pemicu POCD karena perannya dalam peningkatan agregasi Aβ dan kemampuannya dalam mencegah transmisi kolinergik. Secara teoritis, isofluran lebih unggul daripada sevofluran karena memiliki sifat neuroprotektif.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh penggunaan sevofluran dan isofluran terhadap kejadian POCD pada pasien yang menjalani operasi laparotomi salpingo ooforektomi.Metode: Sebanyak 20 pasien yang menjalani operasi laparotomi salpingo ooforektomi dimasukkan dalam penelitian randomized clinical trial. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok yang menggunakan agen anestesi inhalasi sevofluran (kel. 1 dan isofluran (kel. 2) untuk pemeliharaan anestesi. Kedua kelompok dilakukan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner MOCA-INA satu hari sebelum dan tiga hari sesudah operasi untuk menilai tingkat kognitifnya. Kejadian POCD ditandai dengan penurunan nilai MOCA-INA minimal sebesar 20% dari nilai awal.Hasil: Dari kedua kelompok tidak didapatkan subjek yang mengalami POCD, dan tidak ada perbedaan perubahan nilai kognitif yang bermakna antara kelompok 1 dan kelompok 2.Kesimpulan: Tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh penggunaan sevofluran dan isofluran yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap kejadian POCD pada pasien yang menjalani operasi laparotomi salpingo ooforektomi.
Lama Perawatan dan Skor Nyeri Pascaoperasi pada Pasien Kraniotomi Elektif dengan Protokol Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS): Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti
Authors: Firdaus Riyadh , Jamilah Novi , Friansyah Moch Yasin , Theresia Sandy
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang: Kraniotomi merupakan salah satu tindakan bedah saraf dengan insidensi nyeri pascaoperasi yang tinggi. Kraniotomi menimbulkan nyeri yang berat pada 90% pasien dengan kejadian tersering dalam 48 jam setelah dilakukan tindakan dan 30% diantaranya mengalami nyeri kepala kronik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan manajemen perioperatif yang adekuat untuk meningkatkan pemulihan pasien pascaoperasi, salah satunya dengan penerapan protokol enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh protokol ERAS terhadap lama perawatan dan skor nyeri pascaoperasi pada pasien yang menjalani kraniotomi elektif.Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada 5 pusat data yaitu PubMed, Cochrane, Proquest, Scopus, dan Science Direct dengan menggunakan kata kunci enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), craniotomy, length of stay, dan pain scale. Artikel terpilih dilakukan telaah kritis menggunakan formulir dari Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.   Hasil: Berdasarkan 3 artikel terpilih, yaitu 2 studi randomized control trial (RCT) dan 1 studi prospektif non-RCT, didapatkan bahwa protokol ERAS dapat menurunkan lama perawatan dan skor nyeri pascaoperasi pada pasien kraniotomi elektif. Studi pertama menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan siginifikan lama perawatan di intensive care unit (ICU) pada kelompok ERAS dengan nilai absolute risk reduction (ARR) = 25,02 dan number needed to treat (NNT) = 4 (p = 0,003; 95% CI 2,1 - 51,2). Studi kedua menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan skor nyeri yang bermakna antara kelompok ERAS dan konvensional dengan nilai p < 0,0001 dan 95% CI 3,51–15,99. Studi ketiga menyatakan terdapat penurunan total lama hari perawatan dengan median 13 hari pada kelompok konvensional dibandingkan 10 hari pada kelompok ERAS (p = 0,004).Kesimpulan: Penerapan protokol ERAS terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan lama perawatan dan skor nyeri pascaoperasi pada pasien yang menjalani kraniotomi elektif. Namun dibutuhkan penelitian multisenter dengan jumlah subjek penelitian yang lebih banyak untuk mengevaluasi efikasi dan keamanan penerapan protokol ERAS pada kraniotomi.
Geometric basis of action potential of skeletal muscle cells and neurons
Authors: Li Qing
Published: September 2022

Although we know something about single-cell neuromuscular junctions, it is still unclear how multiple skeletal muscle cells coordinate to complete intricate spatial curve movement. Here, we hypothesize that skeletal muscle cell populations with action potentials are aligned according to curved manifolds in space (a curved shape in space). When a specific motor nerve impulse is transmitted, the skeletal muscle also moves according to the corresponding shape (manifolds). The action potential of motor nerve fibers has the characteristics of a time curve manifold, and this time-manifold curve of motor nerve fibers comes from the visual cortex in which spatial geometric manifolds are formed within the synaptic connection of neurons. This spatial geometric manifold of the synaptic connection of neurons originates from spatial geometric manifolds outside nature that are transmitted to the brain through the cone cells and ganglion cells of the retina. The essence of life is that life is an object that can move autonomously, and the essence of life’s autonomous movement is the movement of proteins. Theoretically, because of the infinite diversity of geometric manifold shapes in nature, the arrangement and combination of 20 amino acids should have infinite diversity, and the geometric manifold formed by the protein three-dimensional spatial structure should also have infinite diversity.
情态动词 “可以” 的语法教学
Authors: 张寒冰  , 刘莉丹
Published: September 2022

提 要

“可以” 是现代汉语中典型的多义情态动词，因与其他近义情态动词存在交错关系，成为汉语作为第二语言教学中的一个难点。通过对母语语料的统计发现，“可以”表[许可]义的数量远高于[能力]义，这一方面反映了[许可]义的原型性，一方面也成为安排教学顺序的依据。本文通过确定不可替代用法论证了 “可以” 在语义表现中的 “条件性”，并提炼了相应的句法形式，同时结合中介语语料，对 “可以” 的语法教学提出了相应的建议。
Comparing the functional range of English to be to German sein: a test of the boundary permeability hypothesis
Authors: Berg Thomas
Published: September 2022

The boundary permeability hypothesis views language as a system of categories which are more or less rigidly separated from one another. In previous work on grammatical categories, English was characterized as a soft boundary and German as a strict boundary language. This project presents a test of the prediction that English to be has a wider functional range than its German counterpart sein. The range of these verbs is determined on the basis of a bidirectional translation study. English to be is translated by a larger variety of lexical verbs in German while sein is translated by a smaller number of lexical verbs in English. In fact, the translation equivalents of sein form a subset of those of to be. Moreover, to be plays a much larger role in constructions such as there is and it is than sein does. The boundary permeability hypothesis views this structural difference and the wider semantic range of to be as two sides of the same coin. It is suggested that English is a more speaker-friendly language than German.
Experimental investigation of soiling effects on the photovoltaic modules energy generation
Authors: Jendar Gufran Adnan , Hasnawi Al-Rubaye Layth Abed , Abdulrahman Imad Saeed , Hassan Qusay
Published: September 2022

The article describes an experimental investigation of the impact of soiling on the photovoltaic modules in northeastern, Iraq. Over five months, the voltage, current power and energy curves of two identical modules with varying cleaning strategies (one was naturally dusty while the other was cleaned regularly) were measured. The impact of soiling on the daily energy produced as well as rain accumulation and particulate matter concentrations are discussed. The results indicated that no losses occurred during wet seasons, but a considerable decline in performance was found during dry periods owing to soiling. Additionally, it was discovered that soiling has a bigger effect on the maximum power than the short-circuit current. After two dry summer months, the greatest power loss of up to 22% was seen. The daily energy loss due to soiling was determined to be 16% on average. Furthermore, there are four polynomial models that have been drowned in prediction photovoltaic module (voltage, current, power, and energy) degradation due to the accumulation of dust.
All-dielectric metasurfaces with high Q-factor Fano resonances enabling multi-scenario sensing
Authors: Chen Xueer , Zhang Yong , Cai Guoxiong , Zhuo Jianliang , Lai Kunzhong , Ye Longfang
Published: September 2022

We propose and numerically demonstrate high Q-factor sensors based on all-dielectric metasurfaces, which are very sensitive to the change of the refractive index of the surrounding media and the incident angle. By using the light incident angular scanning method, the all-dielectric metasurface based on symmetric tetramer can act as an excellent sensing platform for trace-amount molecules such as protein A/G, 2, 4-DNT, and 2D material graphene with huge absorbance enhancement in the mid-infrared broadband spectrums. The results reveal that envelope of absorbance amplitudes is in good agreement with the vibrational mode of molecules, and absorbance enhancement factors reach as high as 10 dB in the mid-infrared wavelength range from 5.75 to 6.80 μm. To further increase the Q-factor of the resonances, the all-dielectric metasurface based on asymmetric tetramer is investigated. This asymmetric structure can induce toroidal and magnetic dipoles governed by quasi-BIC to produce multi-extremely narrow linewidth Fano resonances, and the maximum sensitivity reaches up to 1.43 μm/RIU. Therefore, the proposed all-dielectric metasurface demonstrates highly enhanced performance in refractive index and chemical information sensing for trace-amount biomolecules, which inspires the development of new high-sensitivity refractive index sensors for the nondestructive identification in the mid-infrared regime.
Animal waste antibiotic residues and resistance genes: A review
Authors: Wang Yi , Shetty B. Dharmaveer , Kuppu Sundaram , Pandey Pramod K.
Published: September 2022

Antibiotic resistance is an emerging risk for human and animal health, and mitigating the risk requires an improved understanding of various sources of risks and identifying the level of threats for each source. Many antibiotics are currently used against pathogens for treating infections in animals and humans, and it is considered that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) acquired by pathogens may have an environmental origin. Because of contamination in ambient waterways, it is likely that ARGs may affect both organic and non-organic farming. While health risk as a consequence of ARGs is difficult to determine because of lack of understanding of dose-response, the presence of ARGs in human waste and animal manure, and the subsequent application of these organic wastes as fertilizers has a potential of spreading ARGs in the environment. Additional research is needed to understand the presence, growth, and transport of ARGs through animal wastes such as dairy manure. In this review, we focus on synthesizing information regarding the occurrence of ARGs in dairy manure, potential transport pathways, and factors responsible for the spread of ARGs in the environment. Besides, we also explore potential treatment methods that may contribute to the ARG removal in dairy manure and help alleviate ARG contamination.
Deviant language in the literary dialogue: An English–Romanian translational view
Authors: Arhire Mona
Published: September 2022

Drawing on the scholarly acknowledgement regarding the experimental nature of dialogue in Modern and Postmodern literature, this article attempts at investigating the translatability of dialogic utterances displaying deviant language. The relevance of the study is given by the structural differences between languages, which oftentimes triggers the impossibility of rendering the dialogic information relative to the literary characters’ identity in the target language. The examples are depicted from several fictional texts, where part of the characters’ identity is constructed by the peculiarities of their speech which deviates, in a range of manners, from standard English. Such deviant language indicates the characters’ idiolectal, sociolectal or dialectal identity, as well as the broader social context in which they act. The examination of deviant language leads to findings concerning its structural variety and its essential role in completing some literary characters’ identity and, implicitly, its importance in translation. Solutions are suggested to the interlingual transfer of formally untranslatable deviant language of a grammatical, phonological and lexical nature, taking also account of criteria pertaining to functional aspects. The conclusions discuss structural, phonological and lexical possibilities of the target language, the translator’s creative engagement in the translation of deviant identity-marking language and suggest further research opportunities.
The Debye–Scherrer technique – rapid detection for applications
Authors: Mueller Eckehard
Published: September 2022

The Debye–Scherrer (DS) technique is a common technique for determining spacings in atomic layers by X-ray diffraction. The spacings of the atomic layers are proportional to the macroscopic stress in the radiated area. When a crystalline powder is irradiated with X-rays, the diffracted X-rays produce a ring that photographic films detect. Afterward, the film is developed to reveal the rings. Earlier, this procedure took lots of time. With upcoming multiple wavelength anomalous dispersion-detectors, a very sensitive area detector, DS rings can be detected and analyzed in minutes. This allows for the rapid determination of residual stresses prior to inspection in a production environment. Additional information from the intensity distribution within the ring can be obtained. A description of the new technique is given.
Looking at HMI Concepts for Highly Automated Vehicles: Permanent vs. Context-Adaptive Information Presentation
Authors: Hollander Cornelia , Hartwich Franziska , Krems Josef F.
Published: September 2022

To facilitate the usage and expected benefits of higher-level automated vehicles, passengers’ distrust and safety concerns should be reduced through increasing system transparency (ST) by providing driving-related information. We therefore examined the effects of ST on passengers’ gaze behavior during driving, trust in automated driving and evaluation of different human-machine interface (HMI) concepts. In a driving simulator, 50 participants experienced three identical highly automated drives under three HMI conditions: no HMI (only conventional speedometer), context-adaptive HMI (all system information only available in more complex situations) or permanent HMI (all system information permanently available). Compared to driving without HMI, the introduction of the two HMIs resulted in significantly higher usage of the center stack display (i.e. gazes towards the HMIs), which was accompanied by significantly higher trust ratings. The considerable differences in information availability provided by the context-adaptive versus permanent HMI did not reflect in similarly considerable differences regarding the passengers’ gaze behavior or accompanied trust ratings. Additionally, user experience evaluations expressed preferences for the context-adaptive HMI. Hence, the permanent HMI did not seem to create benefits over the context-adaptive HMI, supporting the usage of more economical, context-adaptive HMIs in higher-level automated vehicles.
Possible effects of clinoptilolite on small intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by experimental mesenteric artery occlusion
Authors: Emre Bostanci Meriç , Hepokur Ceylan , Caner Armağan , Can Mollaoğlu Murat , Karadayi Kürşat
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Mesenteric ischemia is a surgical emergency caused by poor blood supply to the intestines. In ischemia, the decrease in blood flow to the tissue causes acidosis and cell death through anaerobic metabolism. Clinoptilolite is one of the most abundant natural zeolites, and it is used for its ion exchange and adsorbent properties. Clinoptilolite has been reported to have an immune-enhancing, anti-carcinogenic, and antioxidant effect in-vitro/in-vivo studies. Clinoptilolite’s histological and biochemical effects on ischemic small intestines.

Methods

The experimental animals were randomly divided into sham, control, and clinoptilolite treatment group. Clinoptilolite was administered intraperitoneally after ischemia/reperfusion. Cardiac blood was stored for biochemical analysis. Total antioxidant levels and total oxidant levels were analyzed from the sera taken from groups. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expressions in blood samples were determined by RT-qPCR. At the end of the reperfusion, terminal ileum tissues were taken for histological tests.

Results

The mean TNF-α expression level was 3.89 in the control group and 2.91 in the clinoptilolite treatment group. The mean IL-6 expression levels were 2.32 in the control group and 1.49 in the clinoptilolite treatment group.

Conclusions

clinoptilolite administration provided healing in the rat ischemia-reperfusion injury model.
Magnesium-rich intermetallic compounds RE
3Ag4Mg12 (RE = Y, La–Nd, Sm–Dy, Yb) and AE
3Ag4Mg12 (AE = Ca, Sr)
Authors: Reimann Maximilian Kai , Klenner Steffen , Gerdes Josef Maximilian , Hansen Michael Ryan , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: September 2022

The magnesium-rich intermetallic compounds RE
3Ag4Mg12 (RE = Y, La–Nd, Sm–Dy, Yb) and AE
3Ag4Mg12 (AE = Ca, Sr) were synthesized from the elements in sealed tantalum ampoules through heat treatment in an induction furnace. X-ray powder diffraction studies confirm the hexagonal Gd3Ru4Al12 type structure, space group P63/mmc. Three structures were refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: a = 973.47(5), c = 1037.19(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0296, 660 F
2 values, 30 variables for Gd3Ag3.82(1)Mg12.18(1), a = 985.27(9), c = 1047.34(9) pm, wR2 = 0.0367, 716 F
2 values, 29 variables for Yb3Ag3.73(1)Mg12.27(1) and a = 992.41(8), c = 1050.41(8) pm, wR2 = 0.0373, 347 F
2 values, 28 variables for Ca3Ag3.63(1)Mg12.37(1). Refinements of the occupancy parameters revealed substantial Ag/Mg mixing within the silver-magnesium substructure, a consequence of the Ag@Mg8 coordination. The alkaline earth and rare earth atoms build Kagome networks. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate diamagnetism/Pauli paramagnetism for the compounds with Ca, Sr, Y and YbII, while the others with the trivalent rare earth elements are Curie-Weiss paramagnets. Most compounds order antiferromagnetically at T

N
 = 4.4(1) K (RE = Pr), 34.6(1) K (RE = Gd) and 23.5(1) K (RE = Tb) while Eu3Ag4Mg12 is a ferromagnet (T

C
 = 19.1(1) K). 151Eu Mössbauer spectra confirm divalent europium (δ = −9.88(1) mm s−1). Full magnetic hyperfine field splitting (18.4(1) T) is observed at 6 K. Yb3Ag4Mg12 shows a single resonance in its 171Yb solid state NMR spectrum at 6991 ppm at 300 K indicating a strong, positive Knight shift.
Optimization of Preparation Conditions of F-N-TiO2/AC Composite Photocatalyst for Degradation of Printing and Dyeing Wastewater
Authors: Chen Zhen , Chen Geng , Guo Xiujuan , Lu Yu , Zhu Yingying
Published: September 2022

A novel composite photocatalyst loading titanium dioxide particles onto activated carbon and co-doping with fluorine and nitrogen (F-N-TiO2/AC) was synthesized using the impregnation-hydrothermal method for the degradation of printing and dyeing wastewater. The optimal preparation conditions of the composite photocatalyst were determined using orthogonal experiments. Through range analysis and variance analysis, the optimal preparation conditions were as follows: a molar ratio of anhydrous ethanol, glacial acetic acid, and tetrabutyl titanate of 3:175:100, and hydrothermal temperature of 150°C and hydrothermal time of 12 h. The catalyst prepared under these conditions showed high catalytic activity, with 100 % degradation of methyl orange when irradiated with a xenon lamp light source for 60 min, and the preparation conditions were feasible. The F-N-TiO2/AC composite photocatalysts were characterized using x-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements. On the basis of this analysis, it was found that the doping of fluorine and nitrogen did not change the anatase structure of titanium dioxide but affected the grain growth and changed the structural properties of the F-N-TiO2/AC photocatalyst. Good reusability properties were also found.
A importância da papiloscopia na identificação de vítimas de acidentes de massa
Authors: Oliveira Santos Barbara Francine
Published: September 2022

Acidente de massa é um evento de grande magnitude e natureza singular cujas vítimas podem ser encontradas em diferentes condições. A identificação papiloscópica de um corpo conservado é um procedimento simples que fornece resultados rápidos. Entretanto, corpos que sofreram danos físico-químicos e alcançaram estágios mais avançados de decomposição são mais difíceis de identificar em razão da má conservação tecidual. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico com o objetivo de elucidar a aplicabilidade da papiloscopia para a identificação de quatro diferentes tipos de vítimas fatais de acidentes de massa. Constatou-se que a identificação positiva das   vítimas nesses casos se dá pela escolha da melhor técnica para coletar e analisar o material papiloscópico, a partir da identificação dos danos sofridos, ajudando inclusive a reconstruir e identificar a natureza do acidente, sendo utilizada também para a investigação criminal.
Real-life efficacy and predictors of response to immunotherapy in pituitary tumors: a cohort study
Authors: Ilie Mirela Diana , Villa Chiara , Cuny Thomas , Cortet Christine , Assie Guillaume , Baussart Bertrand , Cancel Mathilde , Chanson Philippe , Decoudier Bénédicte , Deluche Elise , Di Stefano Anna Luisa , Drui Delphine , Gaillard Stephan , Goichot Bernard , Huillard Olivier , Joncour Anthony , Larrieu-Ciron Delphine , Libe Rossella , Nars Guillaume , Vasiljevic Alexandre , Raverot Gérald
Published: September 2022

Objective

After temozolomide failure, no evidence-based treatment is available for pituitary carcinomas (PCs) and aggressive pituitary tumors (APTs). To date, only 12 cases treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been published, showing encouraging efficacy. Predictive factors of response are lacking. Here, we aimed to assess the real-life efficacy and predictors of response to ICIs in PCs and APTs.

Design and methods

This study is a multicentric, retrospective, observational cohort study, including all PCs and APTs treated with ICIs in France up to March 2022. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry and CD8+ T cell infiltration were evaluated centrally.

Results

Six PCs (four corticotroph and two lactotroph) and nine APTs (five corticotroph and four lactotroph) were included. The real-life efficacy of ICIs was lower than previously published data. Three corticotroph tumors (33.3%) showed partial response, one (11.1%) stable disease, while five (55.6%) progressed. One lactotroph tumor (16.7%) showed partial response, one (16.7%) stable disease, while four (66.7%) progressed. PCs responded far better than APTs, with 4/6 PCs showing partial response compared to 0/9 APTs. Corticotroph tumors responded slightly better than lactotroph tumors. In the four responsive corticotroph tumors, PD-L1 staining was negative and CD8+ T cell infiltration attained a maximum of 1% in the tumor center.

Conclusions

Confirmation of the presence or absence of metastases is necessary before starting ICIs. After temozolomide failure, ICIs appear as a good therapeutic option for PCs, especially for corticotroph carcinomas. Negative PD-L1 staining and very low CD8+ T cell infiltration in the tumor center should not preclude ICI administration in corticotroph carcinomas.

Significance statement

This is the first study to assess the real-life efficacy of ICIs in pituitary carcinomas (PCs) and aggressive pituitary tumors. We also assessed potential predictors of response and are the first to assess the predictive value of CD8+ cell infiltration. We identified the tumor type as a major predictor, ICIs proving far more effective in treating PCs. Our study provides evidence that ICIs are a good option after temozolomide failure for PCs (four of six responded), especially for corticotroph carcinomas (three of four responded). We also provide evidence that negative PD-L1 staining and very low CD8+ cell infiltration in the tumor center should not preclude ICI administration in corticotroph carcinomas. Moreover, our findings point toward the need to systematically perform extension workup before starting ICIs.