bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Beings and Their Education from an Anthropological Perspective: Current Discourses in the Field of Educational Science in the German‐Speaking World
Authors: Wulf Christoph
Published: March 2024

In this article Cristoph Wulf examines the basic concepts of pedagogy and educational science in the German‐speaking world, looking at education and socialization from the perspective of educational anthropology. He makes evident that the complex German concept of Bildung, in particular, can only be fully understood by means of a historical and philosophical analysis.
Short‐ and long‐term postoperative complications and outcomes after umbilical vein marsupialisation in 11 foals
Authors: Obrochta Bartłomiej , Saitua Aritz , Gracia‐Calvo Luis A. , Muñoz Encarnación , Koenig Judith , Méndez‐Angulo José L. , Prades Marta , Argüelles David
Published: March 2024

Background

Reports describing short‐ and long‐term postoperative complications and outcomes after umbilical vein marsupialisation in foals are limited and nondetailed.

Objectives

The objective of the study was to report surgical treatment, short‐ and long‐term complications and outcomes in foals with umbilical vein infection with or without liver abscessation treated with marsupialisation of the umbilical vein.

Study design

Retrospective clinical study, short case series.

Methods

Medical records were reviewed (between 2014 and 2022, four referral centres) to identify foals (n = 11) that were treated for umbilical remnant infection and had surgery to perform marsupialisation of the umbilical vein.

Results

Short‐term complications encountered were postoperative myositis (n = 1), herniation of the linea alba (n = 1), stoma necrosis (n = 1), pneumonia (n = 3) and septic arthritis (n = 1). The foal with septic polyarthritis was euthanised due to poor athletic prognosis. Long term, four foals required a second surgical procedure due to herniation at the marsupialisation site (n = 3) or midline incision (n = 1). The omphalophlebitis was resolved in 10 of the 11 foals with a follow‐up time from 5 to 88 months.

Main limitations

The variability of management related to the duration of study time, number of surgeons and multiple institutions may have limited this study.

Conclusions

Marsupialisation of the umbilical vein can be a viable surgical option if en‐bloc resection does not allow the removal of all infected tissues. Our main complication was herniation at the stoma site. Compared with simple en‐bloc resection, marsupialisation may require further veterinary treatment and increased associated costs.
The Victorian Geological Illustrations of Crystal Palace Park, London: cycles of conservation and neglect, 1993–2023
Authors: Doyle Peter
Published: March 2024

In 2023, two decades after the restoration of the Victorian Geological Illustrations by the London Borough of Bromley—and the visit of the late HRH Prince Phillip to mark the completion of the restorations—it is clear that these internationally significant sculptures are in a worse state than ever before. Although interest in them remains high, and in spite of the best efforts of the Friends of the Crystal Palace Dinosaurs to protect and interpret them, it is plain that they are greatly at risk. In the year that marks the two‐hundredth anniversary of the description of Megalosaurus, depicted in all its magnificence in the park, it is a matter of urgency that we promote the significance of a site that really should be recognized for what it is—world heritage—and its current state of neglect.
Preening correlates with lower feather bacteria abundance but not feather coloration in a lek‐breeding bird
Authors: Florkowski Melanie R. , DeBlonk Kirstin M. , Yorzinski Jessica L.
Published: March 2024

Feathers are structures unique to birds that serve important functions such as flight, thermoregulation, and communication. Bacteria that live on the feathers, particularly ones that can break down keratin, have the potential to damage feathers and disrupt their use in communication. We predicted that birds could behaviorally manage their feather bacterial abundances by preening their feathers. We also predicted that individuals with lower feather bacterial abundances would have brighter and more colorful feathers. To test these predictions, we measured the amount of time individuals in a colony of captive Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus spent preening their feathers. We also collected feathers to determine bacteria abundance on the feather surface and to measure feather coloration. We found that birds had lower feather bacteria levels when they spent more time preening their own feathers, but only in female birds. We also found that bacteria abundances were not correlated with any feather color variables we measured. These results suggest that birds can manage feather bacterial abundances by preening but feather bacteria may not influence feather coloration in this species.
Prediction of jaw opening function after mandibular reconstruction using subject‐specific musculoskeletal modelling
Authors: Chen Junpeng , Wang Jing , Guo Jianqiao , Wang Xinyue , Kang Yanfeng , Wang Yang , Guo Chuanbin
Published: March 2024

Background

Mandibular reconstruction patients often suffer abnormalities in the mandibular kinematics. In silico simulations, such as musculoskeletal modelling, can be used to predict post‐operative mandibular kinematics. It is important to validate the mandibular musculoskeletal model and analyse the factors influencing its accuracy.

Objectives

To investigate the jaw opening‐closing movements after mandibular reconstruction, as predicted by the subject‐specific musculoskeletal model, and the factors influencing its accuracy.

Methods

Ten mandibular reconstruction patients were enrolled in this study. Cone‐beam computed tomography images, mandibular movements, and surface electromyogram signals were recorded preoperatively. A subject‐specific mandibular musculoskeletal model was established to predict surgical outcomes using patient‐averaged muscle parameter changes as model inputs. Jaw bone geometry was replaced by surgical planning results, and the muscle insertion sites were registered based on the non‐rigid iterative closest point method. The predicted jaw kinematic data were validated based on 6‐month post‐operative measurements. Correlations between the prediction accuracy and patient characteristics (age, pathology and surgical scope) were further analysed.

Results

The root mean square error (RMSE) for lower incisor displacement was 31.4%, and the error for peak magnitude of jaw opening was 4.9 mm. Age, post‐operative infection and radiotherapy influenced the prediction accuracy. The amount of masseter detachment showed little correlation with jaw opening.

Conclusion

The mandibular musculoskeletal model successfully predicted short‐range jaw opening functions after mandibular reconstruction. It provides a novel surgical planning method to predict the risk of developing trismus.
What's in the Sound? Common and Language‐Specific Patterns in Brain Activation and Functional Connectivity for Phonological Awareness in Spanish–English Bilinguals
Authors: Nickerson Nia , Sun Xin , Caruso Valeria , Zhang Kehui , Yu Chi‐Lin , Eggleston Rachel , Chaku Natasha , Hu Xiaosu , Satterfield Teresa , Kovelman Ioulia
Published: March 2024

Phonological awareness is the stepping‐stone to learning to read as it helps children map language sounds onto letters. Theories of bilingualism posit that phonological awareness is a language‐common literacy skill. However, bilingual learners are also thought to build language‐specific representations. To illuminate common and specific dual‐language processes, we asked bilingual Spanish–English heritage language speakers (N = 60, Mage = 8.2) to complete a phonological sound‐matching task in Spanish and English during functional Near Infrared Neuroimaging (fNIRS). The left perisylvian activation was common across bilinguals' two languages, including similar active regions and functional connections. The findings further revealed language‐specific modulation of the system with more robust engagement of the temporal networks for Spanish and frontal networks for English. We interpret the results in the context of analytically demanding reading experiences in English and more informal home‐based Spanish language experiences typical of heritage language speakers.
Multi‐network coordinated charging infrastructure planning for the self‐sufficient renewable power highway
Authors: Zhang Tian‐Yu , Yao En‐Jian , Yang Yang , Yang Hong‐Ming , Wang David Z. W.
Published: March 2024

Developing a self‐sufficient renewable power (RP) road transport (SRPRT) system is an important future direction for transport–energy integration. More well‐developed studies must be conducted on the coordinated planning of transport, power supply, and power generation networks. This paper carries out the joint operation and planning of highway charging networks with the wind‐photovoltaic‐energy storage (HCN‐WPE) system. Under multi‐network integration and the interaction among multiple entities, a nested bi‐level optimization model is proposed to optimize the users’ charging and travel behavior, charging network's deployment, and power generation system's (PGS) configuration. An H‐M‐L algorithm structure is developed, combining the heuristic algorithm, multi‐agent‐based simulation technology, and linear programming algorithm. Its convergence and applicability are verified on the Nguyen‐Dupius network. An empirical case in the Hu‐Bao‐Wu city agglomeration in China is employed to explore and discuss the managerial insights for the HCN‐WPE system. The study finds that multi‐network coordinated planning can improve the benefits of multiple entities, where the net present value, RP supply rate, and RP consumption rate increase by 12.0%, 3.2%, and 10.5%, compared to independent planning. Network‐level planning can play a management and induction role in balancing the station's load pressure. In addition, the PGS co‐configuration can leverage the complementary power supply of multiple RP generators and the peak cutting and valley filling of energy storage systems, which is essential for achieving the SRPRT goal.
Optimal clinical practice in IPF and PPF: Integrating the scientific ethos and clinical reasoning
Authors: Wells Athol U.
Published: March 2024

See related article
Reply to: Optimal clinical practice in IPF and PPF: Integrating scientific ethos and clinical reasoning
Authors: Mackintosh John A. , Keir Gregory , Corte Tamera J. ,   the authors
Published: March 2024

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A prospective, pragmatic non‐inferiority study of emergency intubation success with the single‐use i‐view versus standard reusable video laryngoscope
Authors: Schauer Steven G. , Long Brit J. , April Michael D. , Resnick‐Ault Daniel , Mendez Jessica , Arana Allyson A. , Bastman Jill J. , Davis William T. , Maddry Joseph K. , Ginde Adit A. , Bebarta Vikhyat S.
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Video laryngoscope (VL) technology improves first‐pass success. The novel i‐view VL device is inexpensive and disposable. We sought to determine the first‐pass intubation success with the i‐view VL device versus the standard reusable VL systems in routine use at each site.

Methods

We performed a prospective, pragmatic study at two major emergency departments (EDs) when VL was used. We rotated i‐view versus reusable VL as the preferred device of the month based on an a priori schedule. An investigator‐initiated interim analysis was performed. Our primary outcome was a first‐pass success with a non‐inferiority margin of 10% based on the per‐protocol analysis.

Results

There were 93 intubations using the reusable VL devices and 81 intubations using the i‐view. Our study was stopped early due to futility in reaching our predetermined non‐inferiority margin. Operator and patient characteristics were similar between the two groups. The first‐pass success rate for the i‐view group was 69.1% compared to 84.3% for the reusable VL group. A non‐inferiority analysis indicated that the difference (−15.1%) and corresponding 90% confidence limits (−25.3% to −5.0%) did not fall within the predetermined 10% non‐inferiority margin.

Conclusions

The i‐view device failed to meet our predetermined non‐inferiority margin when compared to the reusable VL systems with the study stopping early due to futility. Significant crossover occurred at the discretion of the intubating operator during the i‐view month.
Photocatalytic Membranes for Organic Pollutants Removal from Water and Wastewater: A Review
Authors: Ikrari K. I. , Salleh W. N. W. , Hasbullah H. , Nakagawa K. , Yoshioka T. , Matsuyama H.
Published: March 2024

The insufficient removal of organic pollutants obstacles the reclamation of wastewater and threatens water security. Photocatalytic membrane, a hybrid water treatment method by integrating photocatalysis with membrane filtration, has drawn considerable attention in the removal of organic pollutants from various sources of wastewater such as textile industries, palm oil mill effluent, sewage, and industrial wastewater. This review consolidates the recent advances in the application of photocatalytic membranes for the removal of organic pollutants from contaminated water. Various types of polymer-based photocatalytic membranes and TiO2-based photocatalytic membranes have been reviewed. Strategies to enhance the photocatalytic activity by implementation of different immobilization methods for fabricating photocatalytic membranes are also addressed. Furthermore, the applications of typical TiO2-based photocatalytic membranes and key factors affecting organic pollutants removal are discussed based on the literature database. Overall, utilization of the photocatalytic membrane presents a promising approach towards the development of an effective photocatalyst and membrane performance in simultaneous process.
Investigating Hydrocarbon Gases Permeability Through Hollow Fiber Hybrid Carbon Membrane
Authors: Widyanto A. R. , Caralin I. S. , Widiastuti Nurul , Gunawan Triyanda , Wijiyanti Rika , Ismail A. F. , Salleh W. N. W. , Nomura Mikihiro , Suzuki Kohei
Published: March 2024

Hydrocarbon separation from natural gases is a critical procedure in the chemical and petrochemical industries. This study used hollow fiber carbon membranes (HFCMs) made from a commercially available co-polyimide, P84, with zeolite-carbon composite (ZCC) as a filler to separate light hydrocarbons like CH4/C3H8 and CH4/C2H6. The Arrhenius technique was used to evaluate the effects of temperature fluctuations (298, 323, and 373 K) on the membrane. X-ray diffraction exhibited a characteristic graphite peak at 2θ ~ 44°, indicating the creation of an effective carbon membrane. SEM investigation revealed the compactness of both pristine and hybrid carbon membrane structures. The operating temperature has a significant influence on the gas penetration through the membrane when evaluating gas permeation. The hybrid carbon membrane has the highest permeability for CH4, C2H6, and C3H8 at 373 K. (81.86, 61.82, and 58.28 Barrer, respectively). The carbon membrane also showed greatest selectivity for CH4/C3H8 and CH4/C2H6 at 323 K (2.24 and 2.04, respectively). Adsorption and surface diffusion were the membrane's transport mechanisms. By adding filler to the membrane, the gas permeability was temperature dependent.
Opinions on the Development of Ultrahigh Permeation Membranes
Authors: Matsuura Takeshi
Published: March 2024

In this work, recent progresses made in the development of membranes with ultrahigh permeation rate for reverse osmosis (RO) and membrane distillation (MD) are briefly summarized and the future prospect of those membranes is discussed. In fabrication of ultrahigh permeation RO membranes, carbon nanotube, aquaporin, graphene and fluorous oligoamide nanorings were used and in all of them several orders of magnitude higher fluxes than the conventional commercial membranes were achieved. Ultrahigh MD membranes were fabricated mostly from carbonaceous materials also with several orders of magnitude higher fluxes than conventional commercial membranes, except for those made of ultrathin polymeric material, which demonstrated a high flux at a low transmembrane temperature difference. Despite these remarkable achievements, it was concluded that many challenges would be encountered to produce a sufficient amount of water by the so-called membrane chips.
Hydrochemistry and Contamination in Sedimentary and Fractured-Rock Aquifers of The Upper Rio Negro Basin – Amazonas/Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Neto Lucindo Antunes , Wahnfried Ingo
Published: March 2024

The Amazon region has the largest hydrographic network on the planet. However, cities and communities along rivers obtain water from tube wells without studying the chemical quality and, consequently, the potability of their water. In specific geological contexts, there is a significant probability of natural contamination by arsenic in groundwater in the region, already attested in previous works in the Solimões, Madeira and Amazonas rivers basins, but not yet found in the Negro river basin. As the Negro is the second largest river in the Amazon Basin, it has become necessary to study the chemical quality of its groundwater, relating it to the geology of the region. In this work, water samples were collected from 21 wells and 4 water springs used for human consumption, following the protocols proposed by the US – EPA. In the field, the physicochemical parameters of the in-situ water were measured, and alkalinity tests were carried out on the samples. The cations were analyzed at INPA and the anions at the Geological Survey of Brazil (SGB). From the 25 samples, 16 had analises results within acceptable ionic balance values, and 12 of the 16 had at least one of the following elements in concentration above World Health Organization and Brazilian Guideline Values: Al, As, Fe, Mn and Pb. The presence of values below the GV, but above what is considered natural, of NO3- in 66% of the contaminated points, associated with the shallow depth of most of the wells, installed in areas of recent sedimentary deposits and that do not show any or few signs of care demonstrate that the contamination in these localities is of anthropic origin. Two samples (16% of the contaminated samples) are from deep wells installed in fractured aquifers, which in this case indicate contamination of geogenic origin. Arsenic was found in association with iron and aluminum in a well installed in alluvial sediments, which indicates that more studies are needed for this specific geologic formation to know the quality of this water. For other locations and cities, short, medium and long-term measures are needed to prevent anthropogenic contamination of aquifers.
A hyperelastic hydrogel with an ultralarge reversible biaxial strain
Authors: Chen Lili , Jin Zhekai , Feng Wenwen , Sun Lin , Xu Hao , Wang Chao
Published: March 2024

Hyperelastic materials exhibit a nonlinear elastic response to large strains, whereas hydrogels typically possess a low elastic range due to the nonuniform cross-linking and limited chain segments among cross-links. We developed a hyperelastic hydrogel that possesses a broader elastic range by introducing a reversible pearl-necklace structure, in which beads are connected by strings. The subnanometric beads can efficiently unfold and refold under cyclic mechanical strains; thus, the hydrogel can rapidly recover after being stretched to an areal strain of more than 10,000%. Additionally, the hydrogel can quickly heal from minor mechanical damages such as needle punctures and cuts. These advancements make our ionic hydrogels ideal for multifunctional pneumatic gripper materials; they simultaneously offer an ultralarge gripping range, self-sensing capabilities, and fast healing abilities.
American climate migration
On the Move: The Overheating Earth and the Uprooting of America
Abrahm Lustgarten
Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2024. 336 pp.
Authors: Aczel Miriam R. , Mor Barak Michàlle E.
Published: March 2024

Increasingly inhospitable conditions will change the nation’s demography, argues a journalist
Oncocytic Carcinoma with Liver Metastasis: Unusual Treatment Strategies and Clinical Insights—A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hourani Mohammad , Giridharan Selvaraj , Azribi Fathi , Ansari Hidayath , Ansari Jawaher
Published: March 2024

We report a distinctive case of malignant oncocytic carcinoma originating in the pancreas, an organ rarely associated with such tumours. We discuss the diagnostic journey, highlighting the tumour’s resemblance to renal cell carcinoma but without renal involvement. A significant aspect of this case is the successful and sustained response to combined immunotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, demonstrating a potential therapeutic pathway for similar rare cases. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of pancreatic oncocytic tumours and their management.
Research on Classroom Teaching Quality Evaluation of Chinese International Education in Higher-Education Institutions Based on EDAS Method and Euclidean Distance
Authors: Li Wei , Song Jia , Liu Gangling
Published: March 2024

In the classroom teaching of Chinese international education (CIE), teachers will face different types of problems. Teachers should focus on each teaching link, identify key and difficult points, teach students in line with their aptitude, and emphasize communication with students to improve the classroom teaching quality in CIE. The classroom teaching quality evaluation of CIE in higher-education institutions is regarded as multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM). Recently, the EDAS and CRITIC model was employed to put forward the MADM. The double-valued neutrosophic sets (DVNSs) are employed as the optimal decision tool for expressing the uncertain data during the classroom teaching quality evaluation of CIE in higher-education institutions. In this paper, EDAS is founded for MADM under DVNSs. Then, the double-valued neutrosophic number EDAS (DVNN-EDAS) model is constructed for MADM. Finally, a numerical example for classroom teaching quality evaluation of CIE is employed to verify the DVNN-EDAS model. The main decision contribution of this study is that (1) the novel MADM technique is established in line with EDAS and CRITIC under DVNSs. (2) The objective weights are constructed through CRITIC. (3) A numerical example for classroom teaching quality evaluation of CIE in higher-education institutions in line with the DVNN-EDAS is constructed.
Technical Evaluation of Photovoltaic Systems in the Bamenda Municipality of the North West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Mungwe Jerome Ndam , Alombah Njimboh Henry , Ajesam Asoh Derek , Chonain Ayeah Nestor , Mbaka Nfah Eustace
Published: March 2024

In the Bamenda Municipality of Cameroon households are adopting Solar Photovoltaic Systems (SPVS). The penetration of SPVS in this Municipality depends on their technical performance. The study aimed to evaluate the technical installation of SPVS within the Municipality. A field inspection and administration of a questionnaire was conducted. The field inspection evaluated the respect of technical installation norms for SPVS. The questionnaire captured data on the technical situation of the SPVS. The SPVS installed included PV and grid to power separate loads, and PV and grid to power same loads. The installed loads were a mix of AC and DC loads of capacity from 360 W to 10000 W. The load powered by the installed SPVS varied from 300 W to 7000 W. The PV array varied from 200 W to 3200 W and battery bank capacity of 100 Ah to 800 Ah. The PV arrays were mostly installed on roof tops. Only 5% of the SPVS were installed by certified personnel. More than 50% of the installed SPVS operated below designed operation time. Failures in installed systems were related to inverters (36 %) and battery banks (36 %). Most of the PV arrays were installed on rooftops at tilt angles between 20° and 50°. More than 50 % of the PV arrays were oriented to directions other than South. Protective devices were installed in only 14 % of the installed systems. Some of the SPVS were not properly dimensioned. It may be concluded that most of the installed SPVS do not respect the technical installation norms and were not dimensioned according to users’ needs. The survival and penetration of SPVS technology in the Bamenda Municipality, Cameroon, and other sub-Saharan communities requires awareness and capacity building, policies, and regulations in the design and installation of this technology.
Effect of Surface Treatment with Alkaline Agents at Two Different Temperatures on Microshear Bond Strength of Zirconia to Composite Resin
Authors: Zavare Faeze Jamali , Khosravani Seyed Reza , Sabzivand Moein , Panahandeh Narges
Published: March 2024

Background. Zirconia, with its excellent mechanical properties, has become a popular choice for esthetic and durable restorations due to the increasing demand of patients. It has overcome most of the limitations of all ceramic restorations. However, bonding to zirconia remains a challenge. Objectives. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of surface treatment with alkaline agents at two different temperatures on microshear bond strength (μSBS) of zirconia to composite resin. Materials and Methods. This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on zirconia blocks measuring 2×4×8 mm. The blocks were sandblasted with alumina powder and randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=16 each). The blocks in groups 1 and 2 underwent surface treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and groups 3 and 4 with zirconium hydroxide (Zr(OH)4) at room temperature and 70°C. Group 5 served as the control group and did not receive any surface treatment. After the application of bonding agent and its light-curing, composite cylinders in plastic tubes were bonded to the surface of each block and cured. After incubation, they underwent μSBS test. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (alpha=0.05). Results. The μSBS was significantly higher in all intervention groups than that in the control group (P<0.05). The μSBS in Zr(OH)4 groups was significantly higher than that in NaOH groups (P<0.05). The mean μSBS of heated groups was slightly, but not significantly, higher than the corresponding room temperature groups (P>0.05). Conclusion. Surface treatment of zirconia with NaOH and Zr(OH)4 alkaline agents can increase its μSBS to composite resin; Zr(OH)4 was significantly more effective than NAOH for this purpose, but heating did not have a significant effect on μSBS.
Figure S4 from MARCH2, a Novel Oncogene-regulated SNAIL E3 Ligase, Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Metastases
Authors: Ito Koichi , Harada Ibuki , Martinez Criseyda , Sato Katsutoshi , Lee EunJee , Port Elisa , Byerly Jessica H. , Nayak Anupma , Tripathi Ekta , Zhu Jun , Irie Hanna Y.
Published: March 2024

Figure S4 shows validation of screening approach and novel SNAIL E3 ligase candidates identifed by screen
FIGURE 6 from MARCH2, a Novel Oncogene-regulated SNAIL E3 Ligase, Suppresses Triple-negative Breast Cancer Metastases
Authors: Ito Koichi , Harada Ibuki , Martinez Criseyda , Sato Katsutoshi , Lee EunJee , Port Elisa , Byerly Jessica H. , Nayak Anupma , Tripathi Ekta , Zhu Jun , Irie Hanna Y.
Published: March 2024

MARCH2 suppresses growth, migration, survival, and metastases of TNBC. A, MARCH2 expression is associated with favorable prognosis in patients with breast cancer using TCGA data (n = 1,052) and METABRIC data (n = 1302). Breast cancer samples were divided into high versus low expression groups based on whether their MARCH2 expression level was higher than upper quartile or lower than lower quartile. B, WT, but not RING domain–mutant (W97A), MARCH2 inhibits growth and invasive branching of MDA-MB-231 cells in 3D Matrigel cultures. Representative phase contrast images of 3D cultures of MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing vector control, WT or RING domain–mutant (W97A) MARCH2 are shown. Scale bars, 30 µm. C, Cell Titer-glo 3D was used to measure cell viability of MDA-MB-231 cells expressing control, WT or RING domain–mutant MARCH2 in 3D cultures. Data present mean ± SD. *, P = 0.05 by Student t test. D, Transwell migration assays of MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing pLv vector control, WT or W97A MARCH2 mutant were counted by ImageJ. Data represent mean ± SEM. **, P = 0.01 by Student t test. E, Anoikis of MDA-MB-231 cells expressing vector control, WT or W97A mutant MARCH2 cultured in suspension for 48 hours was assessed by Annexin/PI staining and flow cytometry. F, Coexpression of SNAIL restores migratory capacity of MARCH2-expressing MDA-MB-231 cells. MDA-MB-231 cells coexpressing GFP-MARCH2 and vector control or SNAIL were generated and assessed in transwell assays. Data are representative of three independent experiments each performed with technical triplicates. Data represent mean ± SD. ***, P < 0.001 by Student t test. G, SNAIL restores invasive branching and growth of MARCH2-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cells in 3D Matrigel cultures. Cell viability was assessed using 3D Cell Titer Glo assays. Data present mean ± SD. ***, P < 0.001 by Student t test.
Assessment for Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Using Vessel Wall Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Multireader ROC Study to Determine Optimal Sequence for Detecting Vessel Wall Calcification
Authors: Ishimaru Hideki , Ikebe Yohei , Izumo Tsuyoshi , Imai Hiroshi , Morikawa Minoru , Ideguchi Reiko , Ishiyama Ayano , Koike Hirofumi , Uetani Masataka , Toya Ryo
Published: March 2024

Introduction: We aimed to compare conventional vessel wall MR imaging techniques and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to determine the optimal sequence for detecting carotid artery calcification. Methods: Twenty-two patients who underwent carotid vessel wall MR imaging and neck CT were enrolled. Four slices of 6-mm sections from the bilateral internal carotid bifurcation were subdivided into 4 segments according to clock position (0–3, 3–6, 6–9, and 9–12) and assessed for calcification. Two blinded radiologists independently reviewed a total of 704 segments and scored the likelihood of calcification using a 5-point scale on spin-echo imaging, FLASH, and QSM. The observer performance for detecting calcification was evaluated by a multireader, multiple-case receiver operating characteristic study. Weighted κ statistics were calculated to assess interobserver agreement. Results: QSM had a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85, which was significantly higher than that of any other sequence (p < 0.01) and showed substantial interreader agreement (κ = 0.68). A segment with a score of 3–5 was defined as positive, and a segment with a score of 1–2 was defined as negative; the sensitivity and specificity of QSM were 0.75 and 0.87, respectively. Conclusion: QSM was the most reliable MR sequence for the detection of plaque calcification.
Delivery Room Resuscitation of Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: Lessons Learned through Video Review
Authors: Wild K. Taylor , Rintoul Natalie , Hedrick Holly L. , Heimall Lauren , Soorikian Leane , Foglia Elizabeth E. , Ades Anne M. , Herrick Heidi M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Delivery room (DR) interventions for infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are not well described. This study sought to describe timing and order of DR interventions and identify system factors impacting CDH DR resuscitations using a human factors framework. Methods: This was a single-center observational study of video-recorded CDH DR resuscitations documenting timing and order of interventions. The team used the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model to identify system factors impacting DR resuscitations and time to invasive ventilation. Results: We analyzed 31 video-recorded CDH resuscitations. We observed variability in timing and order of resuscitation tasks. The “Internal Environment” and “Tasks” components of the SEIPS model were prominent factors affecting resuscitation efficiency; significant room and bed spatial constraints exist, and nurses have a significant task burden. Additionally, endotracheal tube preparation was a prominent barrier to timely invasive ventilation. Conclusion: Video review revealed variation in event timing and order during CDH resuscitations. Standardization of the room setup, equipment, and event order and reallocation of tasks facilitate more efficient intubation and ventilation, representing targets for CDH DR improvement initiatives. This work emphasizes the utility of rigorous human factors review to identify areas for improvement during DR resuscitation.
Patrimônio cultural: ações educativas no Centro Histórico de Iguape
Authors: Pio Marina Gazzoli , Neves Rodrigo Augusto das
Published: March 2024

The “Cultural Heritage: Educational Activities in the Historic Center of Iguape” was an initiative of University of São Paulo’s Cultural Preservation Center – Casa de Dona Yayá, involving heritage education activities with students and professors from public schools in Vale do Ribeira, the southern part of the state of São Paulo, with both the least developed Human Development Index in the state and one of the richest sites of cultural heritage. The activities happened in March 2023, in the city of Iguape, usinga mobile unit provided by the Dean of Culture and University Extension. The project impacted 22 public schools in Vale do Ribeira and several peopleinterested in reflecting, as well as providing social identification with the cultural heritage of Iguape and it’s surrounding.
Editorial: por outras valorações da materialidade
Authors: Nascimento Flávia Brito do
Published: March 2024

A nova edição da Revista CPC reúne um conjunto de artigos que se voltam para a materialidade do patrimônio. A partir de diversos estudos de caso, objetos, lugares e abordagens teóricas, a edição reúne um significativo conjunto de reflexões sobre os conceitos do patrimônio urbano e edificado que cercam e tensionam os fazeres patrimoniais no presente, seja como restauro, seja como valoração, seja como objeto de intervenções.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of neuroinflammation by beta amyloid 1-42 toxin after treatment with resveratrol-loaded nanoparticles
Authors: Lima Mariane Maria Silveira Vieira de , Cordeiro Maria Elvira Ribeiro , Kerppers Flávio Klinpovous , Bragnholo Ketllin , Cunha Luiza Ferreira , Fonseca Maiara , Mazur Tatiane Budniak , Machado Christiane Schineider , Mainardes Rubiana Mara , Salgado Afonso Shiguemi Inoue , Pezzini André Alexandre , Bini Ana Carolina Dorigoni , Kerppers Ivo Ilvan
Published: March 2024

Background: This study evaluated the effects of zein nanoparticles with resveratrol on neuroinflammation caused by Alzheimer’s disease. Method: The sample consisted of 30 animals divided into control (C), positive control (CP), white nanoparticles (NB), resveratrol nanoparticles (NR) and resveratrol (R) groups. The animals received 10 mg/kg of resveratrol or nanoparticles according to the group, daily, for 15 days, oral administration. Afterward, they weresubmitted to immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. Results: the IHC showed that there was no change in the morphological brain composition in the NR and C groups. Conversely, in the CP, NB, and R groups, changes in the deposition of Anti Tau were observed. The NR group showed a normal projection of taurine in the axon, which was not presented in the same way in the other groups. The CD68 marker showed no microglial activation in the R and C groups. Quantitative analyses of Anti Beta-Amyloid in the NR group showed a statistical difference comparedto the CP, NB, and R groups, whereas the Anti Tau analysis showed a significant difference between the CP and NR groups. The CD68 marker showed a significant difference between the C and NR groups. The analysis of cytokines showed a significant difference in TNF-α between the C and CP groups, C and NB groups, CP and NR groups, and NB and NR groups. IL-6 and InF-δ showed no significant difference between all groups. IL-10 showed significant differences between the C and NR groups, C and R groups, and CP and NR groups. Conclusion: NR prevented the evolution of neuroinflammation.
Agradecimentos
Authors: Machado Daniel
Published: March 2024

O Conselho Editorial do Instituto de Geociências - USP, agradece aos Consultores que contribuíram no aperfeiçoamento da revista Geologia USP. Série Científica, durante o ano de 2023.
Noli Me Tangere
Authors: Olson Campbell Heidi
Published: March 2024

Sixteenth-century theologians in their efforts to reform English religion sought to divest religion not only of its extrabiblical female saints but also its biblical female saints of their legends and their passionate expressions of sorrow. Reformers focused on deconstructing the popular weeping composite Mary Magdalene, yet their efforts were only partially successful. Thomas Walkington’s 1620 sermon, Rabboni, reveals that Protestant preachers were willing to diverge from the biblical account and use their imagination in sermons to appeal to their audience’s emotions. Rabboni demonstrates continued knowledge and leakage of Pre-Reformation extrabiblical legends into Protestant thought. The location of the sermon and the reception history of Pseudo-Origen’s De Maria Magdalena suggest why the medieval image of Mary Magdalene proved so indestructible.
The Consolation of Theology
Authors: Ha Sam Neulsaem
Published: March 2024

According to Ellen Charry’s critique of modern theology, theology has become too theoretical and intellectual. However, from its beginning, theology has aimed at comforting believers. In that light, this article seeks to recuperate the consolation of theology. In order to do that, it explores how John Calvin and missionaries to Korea of the 20th century defined theology as a source of comfort and used theology to solace the suffering believers.
In vitro assessment of internal implant-abutment connections with different cone angles under static loading using synchrotron-based radiation
Authors: Angermair Johannes , Iglhaut Gerhard , Meyenberg Konrad , Wiest Wolfram , Rack Alexander , Zabler Simon , Fretwurst Tobias , Nelson Katja , Kernen Florian
Published: March 2024

Background

The stability of implant-abutment connection is crucial to minimize mechanical and biological complications. Therefore, an assessment of the microgap behavior and abutment displacement in different implant-abutment designs was performed.

Methods

Four implant systems were tested, three with a conical implant-abutment connection based on friction fit and a cone angle < 12 ° (Medentika, Medentis, NobelActive) and a system with an angulated connection (< 40°) (Semados). In different static loading conditions (30 N − 90º, 100 N − 90º, 200 N − 30º) the microgap and abutment displacement was evaluated using synchrotron-based microtomography and phase-contrast radioscopy with numerical forward simulation of the optical Fresnel propagation yielding an accuracy down to 0.1 μm.

Results

Microgaps were present in all implant systems prior to loading (0.15–9 μm). Values increased with mounting force and angle up to 40.5 μm at an off axis loading of 100 N in a 90° angle.

Conclusions

In contrast to the implant-abutment connection with a large cone angle (45°), the conical connections based on a friction fit (small cone angles with < 12°) demonstrated an abutment displacement which resulted in a deformation of the outer implant wall. The design of the implant-abutment connection seems to be crucial for the force distribution on the implant wall which might influence peri-implant bone stability.
Presence of tuberculosis symptoms among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mapingure Munyaradzi , Chingombe Innocent , Dzinamarira Tafadzwa , Moyo Brian , Samba Chesterfield , Murigo Delight , Mugurungi Owen , Mbunge Elliot , Makota Rutendo Birri , Murewanhema Grant , Musuka Godfrey
Published: March 2024

We conducted secondary data analysis using a biobehavioral survey dataset of 1538 MSM from Zimbabwe. Survey participants were screened for the four symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis infection using the WHO TB screening algorithm. Results: All participants experienced at least one symptom suggestive of tuberculosis. 40% of HIV-positive MSM reported having had a cough in the last month and 13% of them experienced unexpected weight loss. The prevalence of experiencing any of the four TB symptoms amongst HIV-positive MSM was 23%.

Contribution

There is an urgent need for active TB case finding and treatment amongst HIV-positive MSM in Zimbabwe. Clinicians will need to ensure that MSM who need TB testing receive it timeously.
Have we bothered to ask? Exploration of the attitude of teachers toward participating in inclusive education research
Authors: Opoku Maxwell Peprah , Nketsia William , Wisdom Mprah Kwadwo , Amponteng Michael
Published: March 2024

Objective

The importance of research cannot be overemphasized. Research findings serve as a guide for the enactment of development policies and legislation. However, not all members of the target population willingly participate in a study. The current study explored the reasons why some individuals refused to partake in inclusive education research in a developing country, Ghana. The journaling helped to capture the voices of 87 participants who refused to take part in a larger inclusive education survey study.

Results

The study found that the participants did not take part in the research because of reasons such as lack of financial gain, bad experience with previous research, lack of direct benefit, and lack of time. The findings of the study and its implication for policymaking in Ghana and research studies in sub-Saharan Africa are discussed.
Functional identification of CCR1 gene in apple (Malus halliana) demonstrates that it enhances saline-alkali stress tolerance
Authors: Wang Xiu , Zhang Zhong-Xing , Wang Wan-Xia , Li Si-Tian , Li Juan-Li , Wang Yan-Xiu
Published: March 2024

Background

Lignin is a complex aromatic polymer that plays an important biological role in maintaining plant structure and defending plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR) is a key enzyme involved in the lignin synthesis-specific pathway and regulates lignin biosynthesis and accumulation.

Methods

Based on transcriptome data, MhCCR1, which was significantly induced by saline-alkali stress, was cloned from Malus halliana. The physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships and cis-acting elements were analyzed. We obtained transgenic materials by heterologous transformation of MhCCR1 into Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco, as well as homologous transformation into apple callus, and characterized their saline-alkali stress resistance by a series of physiological and biochemical experiments. And yeast two-hybridization technique was applied to screen and validate the interacting proteins.

Results

We found that overexpression of MhCCR1 enhanced the tolerance of A. thaliana, tobacco and apple calli under saline-alkali stress, and caused a variety of physiological and biochemical changes. As compared to the wild type, the transgenic plants showed better growth, higher lignin, chlorophyll and proline contents, lower conductivity and MDA content, and significant increase in antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT) in the transgenic lines under stress condition. In addition, expression of saline-alkali stress-related genes in overexpressed A. thaliana were also higher than in WT, including the antioxidant genes, the Na+ transporter genes, and the H+-ATPase genes, while expression of the K+ transporter genes displayed opposite changes. Meanwhile, the expression levels of genes related to lignin synthesis, AtPAL1, AtCOMT, AtC4H, At4CL1, and AtCCOAOMT, were also significantly up-regulated. At last, the Y2H experiment confirmed the interaction between MhCCR1 and MhMYB4, MhMYB1R1, MhHXK, and MhbZIP23 proteins.

Conclusions

These results suggest that MhCCR1 may play a positive regulatory role in saline-alkali tolerance of transgenic lines by regulating the lignin content, osmoregulatory substances, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and genes related to saline-alkali stress, thus providing excellent resistance genes for the stress-responsive regulatory network of apples, and providing a theoretical basis for the cultivation of saline and alkali-resistant apple varieties.

Graphical Abstract
Theorising quantified credibility in the age of big data: a case of China’s Social Credit System
Authors: Raghunath Nilanjan
Published: March 2024

In this paper, I theoretically examine the concept of quantified credibility in sociology. I argue that quantified credibility has components of status, reputation, and trust, which are arbitrations of rankings of individuals, public and private institutions to determine their trustworthiness, legitimacy, and access to resources. To illustrate the above, this paper provides an in-depth analysis of China’s Social Credit System (SOCS), as it is developing into one of the largest and comprehensive  data systems in the world.
(In)Security Theater
Authors: Lever Carla
Published: March 2024

Spectacle is central to protest efficacy, yet the term performance has a history of being used pejoratively to discredit both protestors and their causes. This deflects analysis from the ubiquitous tactical performances enacted by institutional representatives themselves. Following Cape Town mayor Dan Plato's 2020 dismissal of an eviction resistance on the grounds that it was a “staged act,” this article identifies various repertoires of performative intimidation enacted by local authorities against South African land occupiers during 2019–22. These staged acts were strategically performed with a dual audience in mind: one direct and the other, necessarily, oblique. In recasting such repertoires as rational actions in response to radical acts, municipal officials control the means of identifying and critiquing cynical public performance.
Is Journalistic Truth Dead? Measuring How Informed Voters Are about Political News
Authors: Angelucci Charles , Prat Andrea
Published: March 2024

To investigate general patterns in news information in the United States, we combine a protocol for identifying major political news stories, 11 monthly surveys with 15,000 participants, and a model of news discernment. When confronted with a true and a fake news story, 47 percent of subjects confidently choose the true story, 3 percent confidently choose the fake story, and the remaining half are uncertain. Socioeconomic differences are associated with large variations in the probability of selecting the true news story. Partisan congruence between an individual and a news story matters, but its impact is up to an order of magnitude smaller. (JEL D72, D83, L82)
Local Productivity Spillovers
Authors: Baum-Snow Nathaniel , Gendron-Carrier Nicolas , Pavan Ronni
Published: March 2024

Using Canadian administrative data, this paper presents evidence of revenue and productivity spillovers across firms at fine spatial scales. Accounting for the endogenous sorting of firms across space, we estimate an average elasticity of firm revenue and productivity with respect to the average quality of other firms within 75 meters of 0.024. We find scant evidence that the average firm benefits from being surrounded by a greater amount of economic activity at this spatial scale. Sorting of higher-quality firms into more productive locations and higher average and aggregate quality peer groups is salient in the data. (JEL D22, D24, G32, L25, R11, R32)