bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un discípulo oulipiano de Pierre Menard
Authors: Pérez Pérez Manuel J.
Published: January 2020

Pierre Menard, el personaje del cuento de Borges posteriormente reelaborado por Michel Lafon en su novela Une vie de Pierre Ménard, se encuentra agazapado detrás de algunos de los procedimientos compositivos empleados por los autores del OuLiPo, como el «plagio por anticipación» o las técnicas de escritura restrictiva como forma de expansión textual. Basándonos en una concepción dinámica y paródica de la literatura, en la noción de intertextualidad y en la capacidad de proyección del personaje en otros textos, en el presente estudio analizamos uno de sus más peculiares desdoblamientos, el que se produce en el relato de Georges Perec Le voyage d’hiver. Partimos de las afinidades tanto formales como conceptuales que presentan las tres obras para finalmente asistir a la paulatina disgregación de los dos personajes en la propia narración, revelando así su condición de mero artificio textual.
La literatura medieval de la península ibérica a la luz de un comparatismo feminista
Authors: Pereira Domínguez Laura
Published: January 2020

En las últimas décadas, la literatura medieval ha llamado la atención de algunos comparatistas por el desafío que supone la realidad prenacional a una disciplina que concibe su labor en términos transnacionales. Se abre, así, la puerta el reconocimiento de otro tipo de relaciones entre literaturas agrupadas ya no solo en términos nacionales, sino en torno a otros ejes identitarios, como los que ha subrayado la crítica feminista en los últimos tiempos. Este trabajo se propone explorar las posibilidades de estudio de la literatura hecha por mujeres durante los siglos medievales en la península ibérica desde una perspectiva crítica feminista capaz de revisar las herramientas tradicionales de la literatura comparada.
Las lenguas del exilio en las literaturas de al-Ándalus
Authors: Espino Barrera Tomás
Published: January 2020

El estudio del multilingüismo literario medieval se suele centrar en una concepción utilitaria de las lenguas, elegidas en función del género o el público, y con escaso valor de identificación de una comunidad política. En Al-Ándalus, en cambio, la coexistencia de musulmanes, judíos y cristianos provocó que la cuestión de la lengua de escritura adquiriera un importante valor identitario. La lealtad a las lenguas sagradas de cada religión se tradujo en un discurso teórico y unas prácticas literarias muy diferentes del resto de Europa y marcadas por el exilio: un lamento elegíaco de la pérdida del latín, inquietud ante el riesgo de corrupción del árabe lejos de las grandes capitales de Oriente Medio y un esfuerzo por recuperar el hebreo bíblico como lengua poética.
La transgresión de la fotonovela como género artístico
Authors: Laguna Martínez Ana
Published: January 2020

La fotonovela es un género intermedial conformado por literatura y fotografía; sin embargo, es necesario que se transgreda su forma tradicional para ser un lugar de reflexión crítica sobre la supuesta condición mimética de la fotografía y su limitación como arte espacial. En este trabajo se propone la nueva fotonovela como posibilidad para abordar la dimensión narrativa y ficcional de la fotografía en relación con la literatura, a la vez que se reconoce su especificidad respecto a otros géneros también intermediales, como son algunas novelas de Wright Morris y W. G. Sebald que contienen fotografías. Como ejemplo de la experimentación sobre la fotonovela se analizan las fórmulas de Marie-Françoise Plissart y de Chris Marker, en las que se aprecia una estrecha relación de la fotografía con la memoria y una percepción del tiempo diferente como fragmentación de instantes.
La premonición, la historia y el sueño: sobre la batalla de Clavijo
Authors: Burguera Nadal María Luisa
Published: January 2020

Desde que el ser humano fue capaz de reflexionar, entendió que el sueño era un fenómeno fundamental en sus relaciones consigo mismo y con el mundo en torno. Basándonos en la innovadora perspectiva de Helios Jaime-Ramírez sobre el sueño, así como en su teoría sobre la ideosemántica, nos aproximaremos a la conocida leyenda de la batalla de Clavijo, incluida en De Rebus Hispaniae de Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, redactada en el siglo xiii, también conocida como Historia de los hechos de España. En la crónica se cuenta que el rey Ramiro I tuvo un sueño que dio lugar a un suceso profundamente arraigado en la cultura popular. Nuestro propósito será analizar ese sueño desde la perspectiva de la ideosemántica, poniendo en relación la correspondencia entre la psicofisiología y el sueño.
Hacia la exégesis de dos culturas o contra la incomunicación de las esferas de conocimiento
Authors: Quinteiro Pulleiro Belén
Published: January 2020

El tiempo, entre otros factores, ha ido puliendo las fronteras de las disciplinas para que estas no se rocen entre sí, creando mundos lejanos que no reflejan ya la realidad. Sin embargo, aún hay lugares comunes transitables por las artes y las ciencias, y es necesario volver a construir sobre ellos, hacer que vuelvan a dialogar. Este ensayo pretende repensar el papel del intelectual, ejemplificándolo a través de la figura de Julio Cortázar, para ofrecer una nueva dimensión sobre él: un intelectual ya no individual y elitista, sino colectivo y divulgativo. Esto desembocará en las conclusiones, que pretenderán dar cuenta de la intersección que se da entre la literatura y las ciencias, otorgándole a la literatura no solo la capacidad de actuar como divulgadora científica, sino también la responsabilidad de hacer durar el intento de un cambio de paradigma en el que ambas disciplinas no tengan dos pulsos distintos.
Literatura comparada e literatura-mundo: enquadramento disciplinar
Authors: Infante Da CÂmara Patrícia
Published: January 2020

Pese embora a recente criação de revistas científicas especializadas no campo (como o Journal of World Literature), a ocorrência de congressos e eventos culturais que lhe são dedicados (como o Festival de Literatura-Mundo do Sal), a criação de instituições que reúnem e representam os seus praticantes (como o Institute for World Literature, na Universidade de Harvard) e até mesmo a sua inserção no âmbito dos curricula universitários (sobretudo os norte-americanos, onde não obstante assumem tendencialmente a configuração de survey courses consagrados apenas à listagem e breve apresentação de textos literários «do mundo»), creio que seja no âmbito da Literatura Comparada que a literatura-mundo encontra a sustentação disciplinar (e portanto teorética, epistemológica e metodológica) mais adequada ao seu desenvolvimento enquanto campo de indagação significativo no domínio dos estudos literários.
Sintaxis alfabética y representación textual: de las bibliotecas y la mediación de sus catálogos
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Paula
Published: January 2020

¿Cuál es el problema de los catálogos digitales para las humanidades? ¿De dónde viene? ¿Cómo solucionarlo? El siguiente artículo, que indaga en una capa de la investigación literaria y del acceso a los libros habitualmente dejada de lado en los estudios culturales y literarios, trata de ofrecer respuestas tentativas a estas preguntas. Para ello, realizo una aproximación crítica a la disciplina de la «Lingüística documental» y sus procesos de «organización racional» y «normalización», entendiéndola como una especialización científica de la sensibilidad del humanismo ilustrado. A continuación, me encargo de unos casos de estudio a partir de los catálogos digitales de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, la Universidad de Princeton y WorldCat, a partir de los cuales muestro las limitaciones que el sistema de los «lenguajes controlados» plantea para todas aquellas experiencias de lectura y escritura divergentes con respecto de una hegemonía dada. Por último, propongo abrir los catálogos a la tecnología OCR, como una posible alternativa a las exclusiones que el actual sistema por materias plantea.
El pasado es de todos. Neoliberalismo y normalización de la memoria en las post-dictaduras de España y Argentina
Authors: SolÀ Garcia Alba
Published: January 2020

A pesar de sus diferencias históricas, las nuevas democracias española y argentina articulan un lenguaje compartido de consenso y reconciliación nacional para enfrentar el pasado reciente. Este discurso vehicula un régimen específico de memoria de la violencia política, que exige el olvido y la superación del conflicto como condición para la anhelada normalización democrática. Propongo pensar este deseo/promesa y su semántica consensual como inherentes al proceso de modernización capitalista iniciado en las dictaduras y perpetuado en las democracias con la implementación del neoliberalismo. Entender sus continuidades nos permite, por un lado, revelar una violencia sistémica invisibilizada por el relato celebratorio de la modernización neoliberal y, por el otro, impugnar la despolitización del pasado, resignificando sus luchas como legado común y todavía vigente.
Apresentação Dossiê Educação Ambiental em uma perspectiva da Oceanografia Socioambiental
Authors: Moura Gustavo Goulart Moreira , Foppa Carina Catiana , De Mello Lilian Medeiros
Published: January 2020

O Dossiê "Educação Ambiental em uma perspectiva da Oceanografia Socioambiental" aproxima campos de conhecimentos, pesquisadores e pesquisadoras que, constituídos e motivados a partir de epistemes de enfrentamento e resistências, colocam em evidência territórios marinho-costeiros circunscritos em relações de conflitos com a conservação e gestão dos recursos do mar e, ao mesmo tempo, em um acervo de conhecimentos e sociobiodiversidade que resistem à invisibilização imposta pelos modelos hegemônicos de desenvolvimento e de produção de conhecimento.
ACG Clinical Guideline: Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
Authors: Pimentel Mark , Saad Richard J. , Long Millie D. , Rao Satish S. C.
Published: January 2020

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is defined as the presence of excessive numbers of bacteria in the small bowel, causing gastrointestinal symptoms. This guideline statement evaluates criteria for diagnosis, defines the optimal methods for diagnostic testing, and summarizes treatment options for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. This guideline provides an evidence-based evaluation of the literature through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) process. In instances where the available evidence was not appropriate for a formal GRADE recommendation, key concepts were developed using expert consensus.
Presentation and Characteristics of Abdominal Pain Vary by Irritable Bowel Syndrome Subtype: Results of a Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Shah Eric D. , Almario Christopher V. , Spiegel Brennan M. , Chey William D.
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Abdominal pain is a cardinal feature of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, differences in abdominal pain among IBS subtypes remain unknown. We aimed to characterize abdominal pain symptoms among established IBS subtypes using data from the National Gastrointestinal (GI) Survey.

METHODS:

Individuals participating in the National GI Survey completed National Institutes of Health GI Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (GI-PROMIS) questionnaires. Adults meeting modified Rome III IBS criteria and reporting abdominal pain in the previous 7 days were eligible. Outcomes included abdominal pain severity, bothersomeness, interference with daily activities, frequency, and location. Results were stratified by subtype (diarrhea [IBS-D], constipation [IBS-C], and mixed [IBS-M]). Regression models adjusted for demographics and comorbidities.

RESULTS:

One thousand one hundred fifty-eight individuals (245 IBS-D, 232 IBS-C, and 681 IBS-M) with active IBS symptoms (defined as abdominal pain in the past 7 days) were included. Demographics were similar among the subtypes except for age, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. The GI-PROMIS score was lower for IBS-D (percentile score of 68.6, SD = 25.1; P = 0.001) and IBS-M (69.1, SD = 25.1; P < 0.001) compared with IBS-C (75.5, SD = 20.7). Abdominal pain was more bothersome (P = 0.001), caused more interference with daily activities (P = 0.03), and was more frequent (P = 0.047) for individuals with IBS-C compared with individuals with IBS-D. No differences in these domains were seen between individuals with IBS-D and IBS-M. Individuals with IBS-C and IBS-M had more widespread pain compared with those with IBS-D.

DISCUSSION:

In this population-based study, we found that abdominal pain characteristics differ between the IBS subtypes. Namely, individuals with IBS-C experience more bothersome, frequent, and diffuse abdominal pain compared with those with IBS-D.
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies
Authors: Shah Ayesha , Talley Nicholas J. , Jones Mike , Kendall Bradley J. , Koloski Natasha , Walker Marjorie M. , Morrison Mark , Holtmann Gerald J.
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION:

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and controls.

METHODS:

Electronic databases were searched up to December 2018 for studies reporting SIBO prevalence in patients with IBS. Prevalence rates, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of SIBO in patients with IBS and controls were calculated.

RESULTS:

We included 25 studies with 3,192 patients with IBS and 3,320 controls. SIBO prevalence in patients with IBS was significantly increased compared with controls (OR = 3.7, 95% CI 2.3–6.0). In studies using only healthy controls, the OR for SIBO in patients with IBS was 4.9 (95% CI 2.8–8.6). With breath testing, SIBO prevalence in patients with IBS was 35.5% (95% CI 33.6–37.4) vs 29.7% (95% CI 27.6–31.8) in controls. Culture-based studies yielded a SIBO prevalence of 13.9% (95% CI 11.5–16.4) in patients with IBS and 5.0% (95% CI 3.9–6.2) in controls with a cutoff value of 105 colony-forming units per milliliter vs 33.5% (95% CI 30.1–36.9) in patients with IBS and 8.2% (95% CI 6.8–9.6) in controls with a cutoff value of 103 colony-forming unit per milliliter, respectively. SIBO prevalence diagnosed by lactulose breath test is much greater in both patients with IBS (3.6-fold) and controls (7.6-fold) compared with glucose breath test. Similar difference is seen when lactulose breath test is compared with culture methods. OR for SIBO in patients with IBS-diarrhea compared with IBS-constipation was 1.86 (95% CI 1.83–2.8). Methane-positive breath tests were significantly more prevalent in IBS-constipation compared with IBS-diarrhea (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.2–4.2). In patients with IBS, proton pump inhibitor was not associated with SIBO (OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.5–1.5, P = 0.55).

DISCUSSION:

This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests a link between IBS and SIBO. However, the overall quality of the evidence is low. This is mainly due to substantial “clinical heterogeneity” due to lack of uniform selection criteria for cases and controls and limited sensitivity and specificity of the available diagnostic tests.
A “Kissing-Stents” Technique in the Management of Afferent Limb Syndrome With Concomitant Efferent Limb Obstruction in a Patient With Gastric Cancer and Billroth II Anatomy
Authors: Elamin Sami , Stein Daniel , Cohen Jonah
Published: January 2020

The “kissing-stents” technique has been used in endovascular interventions for the management of aortic and arterial stenosis at bifurcation sites. However, to our knowledge, the use of this technique to prevent stent migration in endoscopy has not been described to date. We present a 65-year-old man with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma status post-Billroth II gastrojejunostomy complicated by simultaneous afferent and efferent limb syndrome with gastric outlet obstruction and biliary dilatation. Two uncovered metal stents were used to relieve the afferent and efferent loop obstructions. These 2 stents were anchored together in a “kissing-stents” technique and using a clip to prevent migration. The patient was able to resume oral intake, and his liver function tests improved. This intervention should be considered in other cases of advanced malignancies causing obstructions for curative or palliative intent.
Plasma Β-Endorphin and Cortisol Profiles around Periparturient Period at Stressful Conditions in Egyptian Buffalo
Authors: Abed Ha El-Hady , El-Malky O M , Mourad Reem S , Al-Gezery I S
Published: January 2020

The study determined the level of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in peripheral blood circulation of buffalo cows suffering from reproductive disorders (dystocia and retained placenta) and weakness body condition score during periparturient period. Twenty multi-parous Egyptian buffalo cows at late pregnancy period were used for two months before parturition. β-endorphin concentrations were higher in buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders groups. Whereas, β-endorphin concentrations were 134.9±4.8 for retained placenta, 121.3±4.9 for dystocia, 114.2±8.4 for weakness and 113.5±6.5 pg/ml for control. In the closer period around parturition both of plasma β-endorphin and cortisol followed the same trend toward a gradually increased values during -2,-1days and zero time in all groups. A concomitant trend was noticed in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations in postpartum period with reduce values were observed in all groups after parturition continued for month or more. Buffalo suffering from reproductive disorders were showed a high relative values in β-endorphin and cortisol concentrations. A significant differences (P<0.01) were observed between the experimental groups. Generally, buffaloes suffering reproductive disorders had a clear impact on blood plasma β-endorphin concentration around parturition process.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between various reproductive disorders as a stress factors with plasma β–endorphin and cortisol in buffalo cows around parturition and changes in these parameters could be used as an objective measure of the stress associated labour. Stress has been hypothesized to be a cause of impaired reproductive efficiency. Stress may cause an overproduction of beta-endorphins and free radicals
Smallholder Livestock Commercialization
Authors: Merkel Roger
Published: January 2020

The world’s population is expected to grow by over 30% by 2050, putting tremendous strain on agriculture to produce the estimated additional one billion tons of cereal grains and 200 million tons of meat to feed that population. Most of the population growth will occur in Africa and Asia where the majority of smallholder farms are located. Commercialization of smallholder farms can lead to increased productivity. Producer identified constraints to commercialization include infrastructure, poor knowledge of market prices, limited access to banking services and loan opportunities, and poor extension services, among others. To overcome these constraints will take actions by various sectors. Producer must become more market oriented and take advantage of current technologies to improve production. Government organizations should develop ways to build farmer capacity in market and production activities. Research institutes and universities must conduct research to drive innovation, help farmers to apply technologies, and develop means to enhance producer knowledge. Making loans and banking services available to farmers is a main role of the private sector. The private sector can also partner with producers on marketing and market access.
Futebol e Copa do Mundo
Authors: Bonetto Pedro Xavier Russo
Published: January 2020

O texto em questão apresenta uma experiência pedagógica desenvolvida no ano de 2018, com os sextos anos do ensino fundamental, em uma escola pública da rede municipal de São Paulo. O trabalho pautou-se no chamado “Currículo Cultural de Educação Física” e nos documentos oficiais do município. Nessa perspectiva, buscamos tematizar o futebol, estudando seus gestos, regras, táticas, técnicas e outros elementos a partir de contextos sociais, políticos e culturais. Junto com as atividades na quadra, analisamos criticamente as características do evento da Copa do Mundo de Futebol de campo masculino, bem como das instituições FIFA (Federação Internacional de Futebol Associação) e CBF (Confederação Brasileira de Futebol), elaboramos uma hemeroteca com as reportagens sobre o evento, confeccionamos um álbum de figurinhas coletivo, brincamos de bolão e assistimos a documentários. Avaliamos que, depois desta experiência com o Currículo Cultural de Educação Física, os/as estudantes passaram a compreender mais sobre os aspectos econômicos, as identidades nacionais e as questões de gênero, homofobia e racismo envolvidos no futebol.
Formação educacional fora da trilha
Authors: Lima José Raimundo Oliveira
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho contempla uma narrativa sobre a história de vida, formação e profissão de um ex-morador da zona rural, no semiárido baiano, considerado como caso de “sucesso” no que concerne à sua carreira acadêmico/profissional. Trata-se da história de um personagem/sujeito advindo do meio rural, onde nasceu, cresceu e vivenciou os primeiros anos (Ensino Fundamental I e II) da sua trajetória de escolaridade/formação em uma escola multisseriada, cujas aulas eram ministradas por professor leigo. Ao refletir sobre si, esse sujeito evoca as suas memórias, analisa a sua trajetória e relembra as dificuldades e os percalços enfrentados desde o início dos estudos na escola rural, passando pelo ensino técnico noturno, o ingresso como professor em uma universidade pública, até a consolidação de sua trajetória enquanto pesquisador, cujo objeto de pesquisa, em nível de doutoramento, foi a economia popular e solidária imbricada num contexto geral da agricultura familiar e educação popular. Para ele, trata-se de uma importante política pública para o Território de Identidade Portal do Sertão e pode contemplar os processos educativos vividos ao longo dessa história de vida.
Narrativas do passado e o poder da comunicação
Authors: Santos João Manuel Casquinha Malaia
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho relata a experiência da produção de podcasts por um professor e alunos do curso de licenciatura em História que fazem parte do Stadium: Grupo de Estudos em História do Esporte e das Práticas Lúdicas. O objetivo é proporcionar aos futuros docentes a possibilidade de criação e divulgação de conteúdo usando de tecnologia da informação e da comunicação sobre as pesquisas realizadas pelos integrantes do grupo ou por outros pesquisadores da mesma área. Pretende-se auxiliar no processo de construção de narrativas do passado ancoradas em procedimentos metodológicos e análise crítica de fontes em conteúdo com linguagem simplificada e divulgada de modo simples, barato e acessível. A plataforma escolhida foi o podcast, gravado e editado pelo Núcleo de Rádios da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria e alocado em sites que disponibilizam o áudio à internet. Os resultados obtidos foram o aumento do envolvimento dos discentes com as atividades do grupo de estudos, o aumento do número de participantes, o convite do Núcleo de Rádios para entrada na programação regular e a possibilidade de colocar os futuros discentes em contato com a produção de conteúdo advindo de pesquisas históricas em linguagem acessível com o intuito de disponibilizá-lo em plataformas digitais.
Experiências exitosas de tecnologias sociais utilizadas na educação do campo
Authors: Friedrich João Luis , Silva Kathilene Regina da , Freitas Carlos Cesar Garcia
Published: January 2020

Existem diferenças significativas do ensino e da aprendizagem entre as escolas urbanas e as do campo. Este trabalho discute o emprego de projetos de tecnologias sociais para a educação do campo e seus benefícios. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa em quatro projetos de tecnologias sociais, nas áreas de valorização e desenvolvimento da sociedade do campo. Como resultados foram identificados variados benefícios à educação no campo, como a escola formadora de sujeitos articuladas a um projeto de emancipação humana, tornando, assim, o ambiente campesino um local que propicie melhores possibilidades de vida para os alunos.
A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E O ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO – mediação para inclusão educacional
Authors: Borges Maria Célia , Silva Marlon César da , Leal Simone das Graças
Published: January 2020

O texto traz uma discussão sobre a formação docente focando na formação continuada do profissional que atua no Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE), em busca de maior inclusão educacional. O tema explorado é um recorte interativo entre duas investigações da pós-graduação stricto sensu, mestrado em educação, realizados na Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) entre 2017-2019. O delineamento da investigação é a pesquisa qualitativa, com revisão bibliográfica e consultas à legislação. Os resultados explicitaram que dentre outros aspectos, a proposição e concretização de políticas de formação docente é condição sine qua non para o alcance de uma escolha mais inclusiva.
Streambank Erosion Susceptibility Index and Flood-prone Area Mapping along the Karra River, Hetauda, Central Nepal Sub-Himalaya
Authors: Rai Rythum , Tamrakar Naresh Kazi
Published: January 2020

The Karra River, one of the major tributaries of the Rapati River, is the 5th order stream that extends for about 21.91 km length in 92 sq. km. of watershed area. It is situated in the southern region of the Hetauda City, which is under the rapid development as a settlement and industrial area. The Karra River area is frequently impacted by streambank erosion and flooding during the heavy rainfall in monsoon due to loosely consolidated sedimentary terrain of the Upper Siwalik Subgroup and the unconsolidated Late Quaternary Deposits, which are vulnerable to erosion. Morpho-hydraulic parameters and stream cross-sectional characteristics and parameters of streambank erosion susceptibility index (SESI) rating system were assessed along the Karra River at 19 transects. The rating of the SESI are based on bank angle, bank height ratio, root depth ratio, root density, surface protection, bank materials and characteristics of stratification. The flood-prone area map was prepared based on the morpho-hydraulic parameters of the stream based on the maximum bankfull depth. The ER and W/D ratio were estimated to determine the affinity of flooding and lateral instability of the stream. Near Bank Stress Index and SESI dealt with streambank erosion potential were assessed to estimate the streambank erosion rate.
Optimization of Biogas Electrical Power Generation using Neuro-Fuzzy Controller
Authors: Oluwaseun Araoye Timothy , Onyeamaechi Alor Michael , Sunday Okika Stephen
Published: January 2020

Biogas electrical power generation is a renewable energy which originated from biological materials. The technology design and model power system that predict and control the generation of biogas Electrical production. This research paper develops a Neuro-fuzzy controller model for generation of Biogas power production. A Neuro-fuzzy controller is design to the Biogas power system in order to improve the power quality delivery to the load. The set of 27 rules are written for proper training of biogas electrical data in the neural network. The training is used to control signal of the Biogas Power output of the system. The  output  of  Neural Network  unit  is  given  as  input  to  the de-fuzzification  unit and the linguistic variables are converted back into the crisp form. Therefore the algorithm was designed to decide power supply to the load as to improve the performance of the biogas system using MATLAB/SIMULINK and Neuro-fuzzy model was developed for easy input of the data. The result shows that biogas electrical power output increased by 4.39kw, which is 54.8% increase when Neuro-fuzzy controller is incorporated. The improvement in the system is due to the training of input parameters of the biogas generated. The result obtained shows that there is Real Power improvement in Biogas system when Neuro-fuzzy is incorporated in the system model
Pyoderma gangrenosum underrepresentation in non-dermatological literature
Authors: Reese Ashley M. , Haag Carter K. , Jung Enjae , Nauta Allison C. , Swerlick Robert A. , Ortega-Loayza Alex G.
Published: January 2020

Background

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a chronic, ulcerative neutrophilic dermatosis. PG presents a diagnostic challenge, largely due to the many mimicking diseases, the lack of confirmatory laboratory or biological markers, and the absence of widely accepted diagnostic criteria. In particular, PG is often mistaken for necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI).

Methods

We reviewed four major textbooks each in general surgery, plastic surgery, trauma surgery, vascular surgery, emergency medicine, and dermatology. We also performed a search of review articles addressing NSTI and necrotizing fasciitis (NF).

Results

Ten out of the 20 non-dermatology textbooks did not list PG anywhere, and only two listed a differential diagnosis for PG. None of the non-dermatology textbooks indicated PG in the NSTI differential diagnosis, while three of the dermatology textbooks included PG in the NSTI differential diagnosis. PG was listed in all of the dermatology textbooks. Only one of the NSTI and NF articles mentioned PG in the differential diagnosis.

Conclusions

There is an underrepresentation in major textbooks of surgery and emergency medicine and in NSTI and NF review articles when it comes to diagnosing PG. This might be leading to trainees and advanced providers in these fields being uninstructed on PG, and likely contributes to PG misdiagnosis and mismanagement. We recommend PG be included in the differential diagnosis of chronic ulcers and NSTI in non-dermatology textbooks. We also suggest adding identification and diagnosis of inflammatory mimickers of NSTI (e.g. PG) in teaching modules in surgical and emergency specialties to address this knowledge gap.
Seismotectonics of Malatya Fault, Eastern Turkey
Authors: Acarel Diğdem , Cambaz Musavver Didem , Turhan Fatih , Mutlu Ahu Kömeç , Polat Remzi
Published: January 2020

Turkey is located in a seismically active region with a complex tectonic history. In order to perform seismic risk assessment precisely, major fault zones (North Anatolian Fault Zone and East Anatolian Fault Zone) that are well defined are monitored continuously. It is a widely known fact that intraplate settings, such as Anatolian Plate, in which devastating earthquakes may occur, need to be observed densely. In this study, we investigate the seismotectonics of Malatya Fault within the Malatya Ovacık Fault Zone (MOFZ), which is one of the major agents responsible for internal deformation acting on Anatolian Plate. Recent geological and paleoseismological studies underline the necessity of comprehending the seismicity and latency of a major earthquake in this fault zone.We applied traditional techniques to investigate data of such a region. Earthquakes that occured in the vicinity of Malatya Fault between the years 2011 and mid-2019 are employed in a detailed analysis. The results of this study are constrained by the distribution of sensor networks in the region, yet allowing to define an active structure which is not included in the active fault map of Turkey, therefore, making a significant contribution to seismic hazard estimation.
Assessment of Aquifer Vulnerability Using Integrated Geophysical Approach in Weathered Terrains of South China
Authors: Hasan Muhammad , Shang Yanjun , Jin Weijun , Akhter Gulraiz
Published: January 2020

Despite being rich in groundwater resources, assessment of hard-rock aquifers in many areas of Asia is difficult given their strong heterogeneity. However, delineation of such aquifers is essential for estimation of the groundwater reserves. In addition, the vulnerability of hard-rock aquifers is controlled by the weathered/fractured zones because it is the place where most of the groundwater reserves are contained. In this work, an integrated approach of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), high precision magnetic, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), physicochemical analysis and pumping test data was performed to investigate the hard-rock aquifers occurring in the weathered terrains. This approach reveals seven fractures/faults (F1 to F7) and four discrete layers such as the topsoil cover, highly weathered, partly weathered and unweathered rock. The groundwater resources are estimated as a function of different parameters i.e., aquifer resistivity (ρo), transverse unit resistance (Tr), hydraulic conductivity (K), transmissivity (T), rock formation factor (F) and rock porosity (Φ). These parameters divide the groundwater resources into four aquifer potential zones with specific ranges of ρo, Tr, K, T, F and Φ i.e., high, medium, poor, and negligible potential aquifers. The results suggest that the high potential aquifer reserves are contained within the weathered/fractured and fault zones. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique analyzes quartz as the major mineral (>50%). The physicochemical and geophysical analysis suggests good groundwater quality in the investigated area. The integrated results are highly satisfied with the available borehole information. This integrated geophysical approach for the estimation of groundwater resources is not only applicable in the weathered terrains of South China, but also in many other areas of the weathered/fractured aquifer in Asia and beyond.
A Green Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of N-Arylsulfonylhydrazone Compounds
Authors: Yang Qian , Hao Wangwang , He Yangqing , Zhang Qian , Yu Xiaojiao , Hua Yaobing
Published: January 2020

A green method has been developed for the synthesis of N-arylsulfonylhydrazones via a simple grindstone procedure. By grinding mixtures of benzensulfonyl hydrazides and a series of aryl aldehydes or ketones in the mortar using L-tyrosine as catalyst, 24 N-arylsulfonylhydrazones were synthesized in a few minutes with high yield. All compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities. Most of them exhibit some antibacterial activities especially for 3d, 3l and 3v showing high activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
The Use of a Hybrid Drying Method with Pre-Osmotic Treatment in Strawberry Bio-Snack Technology
Authors: Kowalska Hanna , Marzec Agata , Kowalska Jolanta , Trych Urszula , Masiarz Ewelina , Lenart Andrzej
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of osmotic pre-treatment on physical and sensory properties of dried strawberry. Frozen strawberries were dehydrated in sucrose solution with/without 5 or 15 % concentrated chokeberry juice. Then, samples were dried in hybrid (convective-microwave-vacuum) and freeze-drying method. The chokeberry juice concentrate addition to the osmotic solutions had no effect on the mass transfer of dehydrated strawberries but changes in sensory properties, also after storage. Initial osmotic treatment in sucrose solution with 5 % of chokeberry juice concentrate resulted in improved colour, when 15 % addition caused the darkening of the dried strawberries. Strawberries dried by hybrid method exhibited greater hardness and brittleness than by freeze-drying, which were slightly higher evaluated in the sensory analysis. Storage for 3 months resulted in an increase in the hardness of the samples, the reduction of colour parameters and sensory quality.
Design and Performance Investigations with Ultra High Speed Optical ALU
Authors: Tripathi Devendra Kumar
Published: January 2020

All-optical arithmetic and logic unit is an integral part of contemporary optical data processing network. Accordingly, in this paper a method to develop all-optical arithmetic unit has been proposed. The proposed logic unit consists of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) whose fast non-linear characteristics have been utilized for the execution of numerous binary logic operations such as AND, OR, NAND, NOR, EXOR, buffer etc., as well as arithmetic operations, for instance half-addition and half-subtraction, etc. Numerical simulations for the various logic operations have been realized and output verified for the 100 Gbps data rate. Numerical executions have been also done for the crucial key parameters as the bias voltage, confinement factor, and laser power, yielded with good extinction ratio more than 10 dB. The proposed design consists of SOA with benefits of design as rapid switching speed, consumes low power and avoids optoelectronic translation. The design is having with good prospect for impending all optical complex computing networks.
Formal variation in incorporation: A typological study and a unified approach
Authors: Olthof Marieke
Published: January 2020

This study investigates the formal variation in elements involved in incorporation structures. Although it has traditionally been assumed that only stems can be incorporated, several languages also show incorporation of formally more complex elements. Most theoretical approaches to incorporation are, however, limited to incorporated stems and the few that do include more complex forms consider the incorporation of simple and complex elements separate processes. The present study, by contrast, recognizes the many shared characteristics between incorporation structures with simple and complex elements and adopts the approach to incorporation advocated in Functional Discourse Grammar, which proposes a unified account of incorporated simple stems, derived stems, inflected words, phrases and clauses. In addition, the study hypothesizes that these forms constitute an implicational hierarchy, i. e., that more complex incorporated elements only occur in languages that also allow the incorporation of all simpler forms. Results from a typological study of incorporated elements in a variety sample of 30 incorporating languages show that all forms except clauses are indeed found incorporated and that the hypothesized implicational pattern holds. The study thus demonstrates that the incorporation of simple and complex elements is interrelated, supporting a unified treatment of incorporated elements of different degrees of complexity.
Foregrounding of subordinate clauses by word order: Psycholinguistic evidence of the function of V>Adv (V2) word order in Danish
Authors: Christensen Marie Herget , Christensen Tanya Karoli , Jensen Torben Juel
Published: January 2020

In modern Danish, main clauses have the word order X>Verb>Adverb (i. e., V2) whereas subordinate clauses are generally characterized by the “subordinate clause” word order Subject>Adverb>Verb. Spoken Danish has a high frequency of “main clause” word order in subordinate clauses, however, and in the article we argue that this “Main Clause Phenomena” (cf. Aelbrecht et  al. 2012) functions as a foregrounding device, signaling that the more important information of the clause complex is to be found in the subordinate clause instead of in its matrix clause.

A prediction from the foregrounding hypothesis is that a subordinate clause with Verb>Adverb word order will attract more attention than a clause with Adverb>Verb word order. To test this, we conducted an experiment under the text change paradigm. 59 students each read 24 constructions twice, each containing a subordinate clause with either Verb>Adverb or Adverb>Verb word order. Half of the subordinate clauses were governed by a semifactive predicate (open to both word orders) and the other half by a semantically secondary sentence (in itself strongly favoring Verb>Adverb word order). Attention to the subordinate clause was tested by measuring how disinclined the participants were to notice change of a word in the subordinate clause when re-reading it.

Results showed significantly more attention to Verb>Adverb clauses than to Adverb>Verb clauses (though only under semifactive predicates), and more attention to subordinate clauses under semantically secondary than semifactive predicates. We consider this as strongly supporting the hypothesis that Verb>Adv word order functions as a foregrounding signal in subordinate clauses.
Assessing the status of critically endangered Kondana soft-furred rat (Millardia kondana) using integrative taxonomy: combining evidence from morphological, molecular and environmental niche modeling
Authors: Bajaru Sameer B. , Lajmi Aparna , Manakadan Ranjit , Kulavmode Amol R. , Ramakrishnan Uma
Published: January 2020

Kondana soft-furred rat is a critically endangered (CR) species, known from a single locality – Sinhgad in the northern Western Ghats, India. However, the taxonomic status of this species is uncertain due to its close resemblance to the widely distributed soft-furred field rat Millardia meltada, which has serious implications on the conservation status of Millardia kondana. In this study, we assessed the current taxonomic status of M. kondana through an integrative approach combining morphological, molecular and environmental niche modeling analyses. We collected morphological data from the specimens around Sinhgad as well as preserved specimens in the museum. Both morphological and two-dimensional (2D) morphometrical analyses showed a significant difference between M. kondana and M. meltada. Molecular phylogeny based on cytochrome b gene revealed a sister relationship between M. kondana and M. meltada, and both species form distinct well-supported monophyletic clades. Niche modeling also predicted niche segregation between the two species: M. kondana preferred areas with a high elevation and precipitation seasonality while M. meltada favored regions with a low elevation and precipitation. We confirmed that M. kondana is taxonomically distinct from M. meltada, and based on our estimates of its occurrence and occupancy, M. kondana continues to be treated as CR until further detailed investigations.
Explicit order 3/2 Runge-Kutta method for numerical solutions of stochastic differential equations by using Itô-Taylor expansion
Authors: Alhojilan Yazid
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to present a new pathwise approximation method, which gives approximate solutions of order
$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\frac{3}{2}
\end{array}$ for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) driven by multidimensional Brownian motions. The new method, which assumes the diffusion matrix non-degeneracy, employs the Runge-Kutta method and uses the Itô-Taylor expansion, but the generating of the approximation of the expansion is carried out as a whole rather than individual terms. The new idea we applied in this paper is to replace the iterated stochastic integrals Iα by random variables, so implementing this scheme does not require the computation of the iterated stochastic integrals Iα. Then, using a coupling which can be found by a technique from optimal transport theory would give a good approximation in a mean square. The results of implementing this new scheme by MATLAB confirms the validity of the method.
Surfing the Public Square: On Worldlessness, Social Media, and the Dissolution of the Polis
Authors: Spaid Sue
Published: January 2020

This paper employs Hannah Arendt’s characterization of the social, which lacks location and mandates conformity, to evaluate social media’s: a) challenge to the polis, b) relationship to the social, b) influence on private space, d) impact on public space, and e) virus-like capacity to capture, mimic, and replicate the agonistic polis, where “everything [is] decided through words and persuasion and not through force and violence.” Using Arendt’s exact language, this paper begins by discussing how she differentiated the political, private, social, and public realms. After explaining how online activities resemble (or not) her notion of the social, I demonstrate how the rise of the social, which she characterized as dominated by behavior (not action), ruled by nobody and occurring nowhere, continues to eclipse both private and public space at an alarming pace. Finally, I discuss the ramifications of social media’s setting the stage for worldlessness to spin out of control, as the public square becomes an intangible web. Unlike an Arendtian web of worldly human relationships that fosters individuality and enables excellence to be publicly tested, social media feeds a craving for kinship and connection, however remotely. Leaving such needs unfulfilled, social media risks to trump bios politicos.
Giant cell tumor of patella: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Arora Mohit Kumar , Madaan Ela , Kumar Rajnand
Published: January 2020

Objective: Patella is a sesamoid bone which develops in the quadriceps tendon. It is an uncommon site for neoplasms. The most common primary tumors which involve patella are benign. These include chondroblastoma, giant cell tumor (GCT) and aneurysmal bone cyst. Malignant lesions are less common in patella. These encompass metastasis, osteosarcoma and hemangioendothelioma. The most common complaint in patients of GCT patella is anterior knee pain. Early diagnosis and optimal management are necessary for improving survival rate in these patients. Case Presentation: The authors present a case report of GCT of patella in a 16-year old child. Incisional biopsy was done to confirm the diagnosis. Further radiological examination showed that the tumor involved almost whole of the patella. Hence, surgical management in the form of patellectomy and extensor mechanism repair was done to improve the outcome of the disease. The patient did not have any clinical or radiological symptoms at the end of the final follow up of 22 months. Conclusion: Primary tumor of patella is a rare entity. Benign tumors like GCT present only with anterior knee pain and should be included in the differential diagnosis of anterior knee pain. MRI is useful to determine the extent of involvement of tumor in the patella. Treatment may vary from curettage and bone grafting to total patellectomy with extensor mechanism repair
Non-visible penetrating brain trauma: a case report
Authors: Varutti Rosanna , Mosca Alessandro , Latronico Nicola
Published: January 2020

Objective: One of the most frequent causes of death and acquired disability in the pediatric population is the Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). TBI is secondary to falls, road traffic and vehicle collisions, child abuse and assaults. Penetrating brain injury is a severe form of traumatic brain injury. Blunt head injury is more frequent than TBI in children, but the second one carries a poor prognosis and a worse outcomes. Case Presentation: We report a pediatric case of penetrating craniofacial trauma, caused by a pencil in to the eye, and the successful of multidisciplinary management. Conclusion: Traumatic head injuries in children are frequently seen in the emergency ward, but the penetrating head injuries are unusual in young children. This case shows the importance of the ‘first golden hour’ after head trauma. The collaboration between team members, added to a promptly and invasive strategy, allowed to reduce neurological sequelae.