bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patients’ perception of health status and ischaemic burden in stable coronary artery disease
Authors:   Cardiology Department, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, Nikolaidou Chrysovalantou , Raikou Maria ,   Department of Economics, University of Piraeus, Athens, Greece., Niakas Dimitris ,   Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece,, Gerasimou George ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, Moralidis Efstratios ,   Department of Nuclear Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, Karamitsos Theodoros D ,   Cardiology Department, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: April 2022

Background: Angina pectoris, the main manifestation of coronary artery disease has an unfavorable impact on quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess Health-Related Quality Of Life (HRQoL) in patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease (SCAD) and to explore possible relationships between HRQoL and the risk factors for ischaemic heart disease, the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina severity class, and the extent of myocardial ischaemia on Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (SPECT-MPI). Methods: HRQoL was assessed with the use of two generic questionnaires, EQ-5D-3L and SF-36v2 in one hundred consecutive patients with SCAD. Results: Most of the patients presented problems on the dimensions of mobility, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression of the EQ5D questionnaire. The EQ-VAS score was 61.96 ± 20.99, and the mean EQ-5D index value was 0.54 ± 0.31. The mean scores of the Physical Component Summary and the Mental Component Summary of the SF-36 questionnaire were 43.49 and 41.01 respectively. Higher CCS angina class, female gender and poor physical activity were significantly correlated with worse HRQoL. No statistically significant association was detected between HRQoL and the extent of ischaemia on myocardial perfusion imaging. Conclusions: Patients with SCAD have an impaired HRQoL, which can be reliably assessed by generic HRQoL questionnaires. Angina severity could be used as a surrogate of HRQoL, but individual perception of health status should be measured independently of the amount of ischaemiaon cardiac perfusion scintigraphy Keywords: health related quality of life; myocardial perfusion imaging; coronary artery disease.
Coinfection with Sars-Cov2 and Kodamaea ohmeri: A case report from Tunisia
Authors:   Laboratory of Parasitology Mycology, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Monfleury, Tunis, Tunisia, Baccouchi Nawel , Mtibaa Latifa ,   Laboratory of Parasitology Mycology, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Monfleury, Tunis, Tunisia, Maatallah Fida ,   Laboratory of Parasitology Mycology, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Monfleury, Tunis, Tunisia, Bejaoui Mohamed ,   Laboratory of Parasitology Mycology, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Monfleury, Tunis, Tunisia, Souid Hana ,   Laboratory of Parasitology Mycology, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Monfleury, Tunis, Tunisia, Jemli Boutheina ,   Laboratory of Parasitology Mycology, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Monfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Kodamaea ohmeri, previously known as Yamadazyma ohmeri and Pichia ohmeri, is ascomycetous yeast that belongs to the Saccharomycetaceae family. It is a rare clinical isolate that has recently become known to cause various human infections. Here, we report the first case of co-infection with Sars-Cov2 and Kodamaea ohmeri in Tunisian patient without underlying disease. Methodology: We describe a patient with Covid-19 where Kodamaea ohmeri was isolated in sputum and protected tracheal samples. The identification was carried out by Vitek®2 YST ID card and confirmed by PCR sequencing. Susceptibility to antifungal was made by E-test. Results: Kodamaea ohmeri was identified using phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular methods. The isolate was susceptible for amphotericin B, caspofungin, and intermediate sensitivity for Fluconazole. Conclusion: Patients with severe Covid-19 are mostly colonized and co-infected with rare yeasts which are resistant to antifungals. This case incites to pay more attention to the emergence of this yeast. Keywords: Kodamaea ohmeri; diagnosis; antifungal; molecular methods.
Synchronous metastatic pure squamous cell carcinoma of the Gallbladder: A case report and review of literature
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Torghabeh Ali Emadi , Arastouei Soudeh ,   Resident Physician, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Published: April 2022

Gallbladder cancer is an uncommon disease, comprising 1.2% of cancers in the world, with squamous cell pathology of the gallbladder being even more uncommon, making up 1-3% of those cases. When diagnosed, squamous cell carcinoma carries higher mortality when compared to all other pathologies in the gallbladder. The consensus on treatment of this cancer is inconclusive. This manuscript presents a case of a 71-year old female with squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder that progressed rapidly, despite resection to negative margins. Keywords: gallbladder cancer; squamous cell carcinoma; incidental; oncology; chemotherapy.
Congenital orbital malignant tumor in a neonate: Anesthetic management
Authors:   Anesthesiology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ebrahimsoltani Alireza , Nikzad Naghmeh ,   Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Malekianzadeh Bita ,   Anesthesiology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: April 2022

Neonatal tumors are clinically diagnosed before the first month of life. Some of them are congenital and exist at birth. Since neonatal neoplasms account for 2% of all pediatric tumors, neonatal neoplasms are considered to be rare. Its incidence is estimated to be 2.8-3.74 cases per 100000 newborns per year. Perinatal tumors are different from the tumors commonly found in older children and adults in terms of pathogenesis, behavior, response to treatment, and outcome [1]. The most common neonatal tumors include neuroblastoma, CNS tumors, retinoblastoma, sacrococcygealteratoma, and other rare tumors such as leukemia, renal tumors, and sarcoma [2]. Malignant round cell tumors are extremely malignant and aggressive with poor prognosis. Congenital undifferentiated sarcoma is a subgroup of round cell tumors. It is a rare tumor on which a handful of research studies have been done [3,4]. Its true incidence is largely unknown. We present a rare case of congenital orbital malignant round cell tumor in a neonate and discuss its anesthesia management.
Retained gallstones: A forgotten complication after laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors:   Fellow, Division of Gastroenterology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon., Shmais Manar , Nammour Tarek ,   Fellow, Division of Gastroenterology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon., Daniel Fady ,   Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
Published: April 2022

A 68-year-old woman with history of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) for symptomatic gallstones 1 month ago, presented to the emergency department for mid abdominal pain since surgery. The pain is severe, continuous and unrelated to food. Her past medical history is significant for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. On physical examination, she had localized abdominal tenderness and guarding at two surgical sites with skin induration. Laboratory studies were significant for leukocytosis (WBC 15,200) and elevated C- Reactive Protein of 150 mg/L. A contrast enhanced abdominal and pelvic CT scan showed postsurgical changes in the anterior abdominal wall and peritoneal calcification in the anterior aspect of the peritoneal cavity with associated fat stranding (Figure A and B).
Intracranial pressure monitoring: An unexpected diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors:   National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom., Khawari Sogha , Toma Ahmed ,   National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.
Published: April 2022

We present the case of a 45-year-old man who underwent intracranial pressure monitoring for postural headaches. ICP results were unexpected with crescendo of overnight pressures and sudden drops. A diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing, in the form of obstructive sleep apnoea was suspected. Sleep-disorderd breathing is known to cause rise in ICP [1-3]. We discuss the importance of identifying OSA as a potential cause of headaches, and ICP wave forms that may suggest a potential diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea. Keywords: intracranial pressure; intracranial pressure monitoring; obstructive sleep apnoea; sleep-disordered breathing.
Clinical characteristics, laboratory profile and imaging results in COVID-19 cases
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Science, Sabzevar, Iran., Nematshahi Mohammad , Neamatshahi Mahboubeh ,   Community Medicine Department, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran., Attarian Fahimeh ,   Department of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran., Soroosh Davood ,   Clinical Research Development Unit, Hospital Research Development Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran., Rahimi Faeze ,   Clinical Research Development Unit, Hospital Research Development Committee, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Published: April 2022

Background: COVID-19 has been identified as one of the most urgent issues in health care systems worldwide. Identification of the prognostic-related characteristics in the patients with COVID-19 for timely diagnosis and treatment is the most important current priority of treatment systems. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging profile of COVID-19 cases. Methods: This cross-sectional study carried out on 508 suspected or confirmed patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized and treated between February 2020 and May 2020. The data were included age, gender, clinical and laboratory findings, and outcome in the patients. After describing the data, any possible relationship between the patients’ characteristics and outcome was assessed in the sample. Results: The mean age of the patients was 59.3 ± 18.2 years and 55.9% were male. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test was positive in only 33.3% of the hospitalized patients. Shortness of breath, fever and dry cough were the most common symptoms and 16.3% of the patients required Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Finally, 81.9% of the patients improved and 18.1% were died. Changes in the heart rhythm, blood pressure and O2 saturation level, WBC and percentage of abnormal lymphocytes, creatinine and potassium levels were the most important factors associated with mortality in the patients (P <0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 is a new infectious disease in which fever and cough are the most common clinical symptoms, even if they do not have a confirmed diagnosis. In this study, in addition to old age, some clinical symptoms and hematological markers were observed in the patients that may be helpful in the prognosis of the patients with COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19; hematological marker; clinical symptoms.
Case report: Unusual infant methadone poisoning
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Rashidan Marjan , Zolfaghari Pouneh ,   Vice-chancellery of Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Ghasemian Aghmashadi Mojtaba ,   Imam Hossain Center for Education, Research and Treatment, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Yahyaei Elahe ,   Vice-chancellery of Education, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran., Sohrabi Mohammad Bagher ,   School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Published: April 2022

Poisoning with opioid compounds is one of the dangerous and unfortunately common poisonings of children in our country. The patient in question is a 5-month-old infant who inadvertently suffered from methadone syrup poisoning and was referred to the hospital with severe drowsiness and decreased level of consciousness. Fortunately, she was discharged in good general condition after initial diagnostic and appropriate treatment. Keywords: methadone; poisonings; infant.
A novel nonsense MPS VI mutation in a south Moroccan patient
Authors:   Metabolics Platform, Biochimistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco., Sabir Es-said , Marzouki Naima ,   Medical Biology Laboratory, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco., Lafhal Karima ,   Metabolics Platform, Biochimistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco., Elqadiry Rabiy ,   Department of Pediatrics, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University, Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco., Imad Najwa ,   Neonatal Intensive Care Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco., Slitine Nadia El idrissi ,   Neonatal Intensive Care Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco., Bourrous Mounir ,   Pediatric Emergency Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech, Morocco., Rada Noureddine ,   Department of Pediatrics, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University, Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco., Bouskraoui Mohamed ,   Department of Pediatrics, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University, Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco., Fdil Naima ,   Metabolics Platform, Biochimistry Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Published: April 2022

A 12-years-old, Moroccan child with a history of skeletal deformities, gait disorder, Short stature, valvulopathy, facial dysmorphy, corneal opacity, umbilical hernia, and hepatomegaly. He has onset from birth, delayed first milestones (setting, gait, and language) and severe dysostosis multiplex. Elevated urinary glycosaminoglycans concentration was found, enzymatic assays show a low level of ARSB, genetic testing confirmed a diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI with a novel mutation in ARSB gene. There is a homozygous frameshift nonsense mutation by two thymine deletion in 770 and 771 codons (c. [770_771del TT]; [770_771del TT]). This is the first case and mutation of Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI detected in south Morocco. Keywords: : mucopolysaccharidosis VI; ARSB gene; nonsense mutation; ERT
Radio clinico histological presentation of intracranial dural chondroma
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Romeo Thierry Yehouenou Tessi , Christian Hugues Dokponou Yao ,   Department of Neurosurgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Inas El Kacemi ,   Consultant, Department of Neurosurgery, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco., Miloud Gazzaz ,   Professor of Neurosurgery, Director of Neurosurgery training program, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Published: April 2022

We report a challenging diagnosis and the successful management of a rare case of intracranial dural chondroma in a 19-year-old student. He was admitted for secondary epilepsy with behavioral and mood disorder without neurological deficit. His past medical history was unremarkable. The patient was initially taken, by his parents, to the psychiatry department, where medical treatment was prescribed. The cerebral MRI was done, and based on the extra-axial, left fronto-parietal lesion found. Plus, the nonspecific aspect of the clinical findings, the radiological investigations did not help for a straight forward diagnosis orientation. The patient underwent surgery and promptly recovered after the gross total resection of the tumor.
Breakthrough infection in covid 19: Indian scenario
Authors:   Post Graduate Resident, Department of Microbiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College, Delhi, India., Goenka Sheetal , Kasana Dimple ,   Director Central Research Institute, Kasauli, India.
Published: April 2022

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) mass vaccination program in India began on January 16, 2021, with two vaccines: Covishield and Covaxin. One of the most important things to remember is that, while COVID-19 immunizations offer the highest protection, but do not stop us from catching the virus. It protects us from acquiring serious illnesses, lowers the possibility of hospitalization, and minimizes the risk of mortality. In many countries, including India, breakthrough infections in fully vaccinated persons have been observed. When a fully vaccinated individual contracts the SARs-COV-2 virus, it is known as a breakthrough infection. With a large population vaccinated, many breakthrough cases have come to the forefront. It is believed that vaccinated individuals either remain asymptomatic or develop mild to moderate symptoms. In certain cases, depending on the person’s age, pre-existing comorbidities, he or she may succumb to the virus. However, the chances are very rare. When we compared the data of breakthrough infection in terms of percentage, Covishield 22.16 percent, Covaxin 15.21 percent people got, but the disease was mild or asymptomatic.
Severe polyostotic fibrous dysplasia presenting as a leg length discrepancy
Authors:   University of Arizona College of Medicine, 475 N 5th St., Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA., N Vij , MV Belthur ,   Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Main Building, Clinic B, 1919 E Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA.
Published: April 2022

A 16 year old female, recent refugee, presented to the clinic with the complaint of difficulty walking. The patient had been told she had osteoporosis as a child, though did not recollect a formal diagnosis. On physical exam, the patient had good range of motion of the hips, knees, ankles, and feet; however, restricted hip abduction on the left and limited hip internal rotation were noted. The patient walked with a heel-toe gait, a short leg gait on the left, a lateral trunk lean, and a left external foot progression angle. A leg length discrepancy was measured clinically at 4 centimeters, left shorter than right. Radiography of the lower extremities revealed a large expansile lytic lesion throughout the length of the left femur (Figure 1). Radiography of the upper extremities and hands revealed similar lesions (Figure 2 and Figure 3). Genetic analysis was pursued which revealed 5 variants in 5 genes of unknown significance.
Fulminant Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with SARS-COV-2: A case series
Authors:   Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Forghani Nasrin , Jalali Zahra ,   Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical school, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA., Ayramlou Hormoz ,   Professor of Neurology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Jalali Pooya ,   Islamic Azad University Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
Published: April 2022

Pneumonia caused by unknown etiology occurred in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, confirmed to be caused by a novel coronavirus. The Symptoms of SARS-Cov-2 depend on the patient’s age and underlying disease, as well as the state of the immune system. Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy inflammatory disease characterized by by flaccid paralysis. GBS cases associated with coronavirus (Cov) family infections have been described as Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Cov and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) COV. Recently, during the pandemic infection of the SARSCOV-2, some cases of immune-mediated neuropathies have been identified. In this Case Series study, we describe four patients who presented with fulminant GBS associated with SARS-COV-2.
Using Deep-Learning to Solve Complex Multiphase Flows
Authors: Balachandar S. “Bala”
Published: April 2022

Euler-Lagrange (EL) and Euler-Euler (EE) techniques have been widely employed for solving particle, droplet, and bubble-laden flows. Since flow around the individual particles is not resolved, the accuracy of the technique depends on the fidelity of the point-particle force laws used. The main focus of this talk is the use of emerging machine learning techniques along with physical insight into the averaging processes involved in the EL and EE techniques can yield closures that recover fully-resolved-like accuracy at orders of magnitude lower cost.

The standard EL approach has been limited to (i) particles of size much smaller than the grid-scale and (ii) dilute flows where inter-particle interaction is weak. We will discuss recent developments that begin to ease these limitations. As the grid size approaches the particle size, we face the unpleasant prospect of force law becoming less accurate due to the self-induced flow generated, which corrupts the estimation of undisturbed flow velocity. We will discuss theoretical approaches to properly correcting for the self-induced flow. We will also present the data-driven pairwise interaction extended point-particle (PIEP) model which rigorously extends the point-particle technique to higher volume fractions. This model systematically accounts for the precise location of all the neighboring particles. We will also present results from the application of deep learning where the algorithm is trained to predict multiphase flow.
Investigating Student Teachers’ Reflections on Early Field Experiences
Authors: Cojorn Kanyarat , Sonsupap Kanyarat
Published: April 2022

The purposes of the research were to (1) study the quality of reflections among student teachers in the categories of self-reflection and peer feedback and (2) compare the level of reflection between groups of teachers with less and more teaching experience. The sample consisted of 112 general science student teachers. An analytical framework of reflection quality in this study contained the topic of reflection and depth of reflection. The topic of reflection focused on five dimensions including: 1) teaching and learning strategies, 2) teacher’s appearance, 3) student’s experience, 4) learning achievement, and 5) pedagogical practice. The depth of reflection was categorized into 4 levels involving level one: description, level two: explanation, level three: insightful comment, and level four: recognized good practice. Data was collected from the reflection journals of the student teachers’ early field teaching experiences then analyzed by scoring reflective journals. The results indicated that the overall reflections were in level three: ‘Insightful Comment’ in both categories. In terms of student’s experience, and learning achievement were in level two ‘Explanation’. In comparison to student teachers’ reflections among the experience related to learning design, there was no significant difference between overall self-reflection and peer feedback. Some aspects were statistically significant, i.e., the student’s experience, and learning achievement between the group of less and more experience in learning design respectively. The findings showed the impact of experience on the reflections in student teachers. The study highlighted the implications of reflective practice for teacher education programs, science teacher education and research.
Teacher Engagement Scale for Professional Development
Authors: Kelly Cara L. , Brock Laura L. , Swanson Julie Dingle , Russell Lara Walker
Published: April 2022

Teacher professional development aims to bolster effective instructional practices that enhance student learning. The development of the Sustained Investment and Teacher Engagement Scale for Professional Development (SITES-PD) grew out of a need to understand how teachers respond to opportunities for professional learning in ways that contribute to skill improvement. One hundred and eight elementary teachers participated in a sustained professional development coaching intervention. Prior to and following the intervention, data were collected from multiple sources (e.g., teacher report, blind classroom observations). For the development of this instrument, coaches rated teacher engagement with opportunities for professional learning. Exploratory factor analysis reveals a one factor solution and that a summed composite of eight items is appropriate. Reliability and validity results suggest the SITES-PD instrument may be a useful tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms that mediate the efficacy of teacher professional development interventions.
Publications of Barnabás Nagy (1921–2020)
Authors: Puskás Gellért , Szövényi Gergely , Szőcs Gábor
Published: April 2022

During his long active life Barnabás Nagy (1921–2020) worked on two main fields of science: agricultural entomology and orthopterology. Here we present a full list of his publications, arranged into the following topics (with the actual numbers of the publications): scientific papers including books, book chapters and journal articles (241), scientific contributions (5), history of science, greetings, commemorations (31), popular science (81), book reviews (38), and reports (12).
吸菸與新型冠狀病毒肺炎
Authors: 郭斐然 郭斐然
Published: April 2022

新型冠狀病毒肺炎（簡稱新冠肺炎）是本世紀最重要的傳染病。許多研究已經證實吸菸抑制肺部免疫力，增加呼吸道傳染性疾病風險。早期新冠肺炎的研究對吸菸的資料較少，中國學者發表的研究及美國哈佛大學團隊發表的研究，皆顯示吸菸的新冠肺炎病人約有兩倍的風險發展為重症。最早的統合分析研究顯示吸菸與新冠肺炎重症無統計學顯著相關，亦有少數學者報告新冠肺炎病人吸菸率低於人口平均值，導致「尼古丁保護論」的產生。然而後續學者的論文指出最初的統合分析有數據引用及統計方法的錯誤，經更正後吸菸與新冠肺炎重症應有統計學顯著相關。人口學研究方面，使用統合回歸及時空模型等方法，顯示吸菸率較高的地區新冠肺炎發生率較高。美國克里夫蘭醫學中心分析吸菸量與新冠肺炎預後的關係，發現吸菸量越高，新冠肺炎住院、入住加護病房及死亡率皆越高，顯示有劑量效應，進一步推論有因果關係。英國約42萬人的Biobank發表結合流行病學及基因研究的資料，亦顯示吸菸與新冠肺炎重症有因果關係。在致病機轉方面，吸菸增加ACE2(angiotensin converting enzyme-2)受體的表現，導致感染率較高。吸菸也增加手口接觸的機會，提高接觸傳染的風險。在大型的統合分析方面，有數萬人的研究證實除了年齡、高血壓、糖尿病、心血管疾病、慢性阻塞性肺病、慢性腎病以外，吸菸增加住院病人死亡的風險。本文結論吸菸增加新冠肺炎感染、重症及死亡的風險，吸菸者應盡速戒菸。

 

COVID-19 is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in this century. While many studies have proved that smoking suppresses pulmonary immunity and increases the risk of lung infections, there are fewer reports on the association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 infection. Studies of both Chinese researchers and a Harvard University research team revealed that the risk of developing severe outcomes doubled in smoking COVID-19 patients. The first meta-analysis showed that there was no statistically significant effect of smoking on developing severe COVID-19 outcomes, and the report of several researchers that the smoking rate of COVID-19 patients was lower than that of the general population even led to the emergency of the “nicotine protection” theory. However, subsequent studies found the data collection and analysis methods of the first meta-analysis invalid. The corrected analysis indicated a statistically significant correlation between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 outcomes. Population studies using meta-regression and spatiotemporal models also identified a higher COVID-19 prevalence in areas with higher smoking rates. According to the COVID-19 registry developed by the US-based Cleveland Clinic, greater smoking exposure was associated with higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. The results unveiled a dose-response relationship indicating the causal effect of smoking and COVID-19 outcomes. The UK Biobank recruited around 420,000 participants, and a combination of epidemiology and genetic studies concluded the causal effect of smoking on the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. As reported by studies on transmission mechanisms, smoking increased the expression of ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme-2) receptors, thereby increasing the risk of infection. Hand and mouth contact during smoking was also a risk to increase viral transmission. In a large-scale meta-analysis that studied tens of thousands of patients, in addition to hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, COPD, and chronic renal diseases, smoking was one of the in-hospital mortality risks. This review article concludes that smoking increases the risks of infection, severe outcomes, and mortality of COVID-19. Smokers are urged to stop smoking as soon as possible.

 
未滿兩歲長帶狀疱疹的個案報告
Authors: 吳俊鋒 吳俊鋒 , Jun-Feng Wu 劉貴中 , Gui-Zhong Liu 謝奇璋 , Chi-Chang Shieh 王莉惠
Published: April 2022

帶狀疱疹是潛伏在人體的水痘帶狀疱疹病毒再活化所造成。兒童帶狀疱疹狀並不常見，未滿兩歲更是罕見。本個案為1歲11個月大的女孩，過去未長過水痘，滿一歲時曾打過活性減毒的水痘疫苗。接種後第348天，在施打疫苗的左大腿（第三及第四腰椎的神經皮節）長出帶狀疱疹。經Acyclovir治療後，恢復迅速。依此個案的病史和臨床特徵推測，其帶狀疱疹可能是水痘疫苗所造成。若想確認帶狀疱疹在曾打過水痘疫苗的病人身上，到底是野生株或疫苗株的病毒所造成，最好的方法是做PCR檢驗。根據研究，水痘疫苗的確可能造成帶狀疱疹，但有施打疫苗者，其發生率和症狀均低於未施打疫苗者。整體而言，施打水痘疫苗，不僅能預防水痘，亦能預防帶狀疱疹，施打兩劑保護力更好。

 

Herpes zoster, caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), is not commonly seen in children, especially in those under 2 years of age. We reported a case of a 23-month-old girl with herpes zoster. She had no personal history of chicken pox. She was immunized with the live attenuated varicella vaccine at 12 months of age. Nevertheless, she developed herpes zoster in the left thigh (L3-L4 dermatomes) around the immunization site 348 days after the varicella vaccination. Her clinical symptoms improved rapidly after acyclovir treatment. Based on the personal history and clinical presentation, it is possible that her herpes zoster was caused by the virus of varicella vaccine. The best way to identify wild-type or vaccine-strain VZV in a herpes zoster patient with a prior history of varicella vaccination is by viral genome detection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). As previous studies indicate, vaccine-strain herpes zoster can occur after varicella vaccine. However, the incidence and symptoms of herpes zoster occur less often in vaccinated individuals than in unvaccinated ones. In general, varicella vaccine can prevent not only varicella but also herpes zoster. The preventive effect of two-dose varicella vaccination is better than that of one-dose vaccination.

 
People Treated Upper Limb Surgery Comparing Positive Patient Outcomes with Regional Anesthetic vs General Anesthesia
Authors: Bhatti Tahmina Karim , Fayyaz Muhammad Aatir , Musarrat Ranna , Bashir Hina , Bangulzai Attaullah , Gillani Syed Aqeel Akbar Shah
Published: April 2022

Aim: Patient loyalty is a crucial indicator of health-care effectiveness. Moreover, there are really only some few researches has looked into this topic. The major goal of our current research was to associate patient satisfaction in people treated upper limb procedures under regional anesthetic vs general anesthesia. The objectives were to compare span of hospital stay also durability of analgesia here among two procedures. Methods: The cross-sectional research remained conducted in the tertiary care teaching hospital. The research comprised individuals seen between ages of 17 and 61 who were receiving upper limb surgery and had a physical state of American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1–3. A 10-item prefab perioperative scale was used to collect client experience with anesthesia in cases getting GA and RA, having 120 Individual in every set, at least 24 hours following surgery. The Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon tests remained utilized to associate statistical information among sets, while the Chi-square test has been employed for explanatory data. Results: Participants in the RA condition had substantially greater overall satisfaction than those in the GA group (P 0.002) across all 12 questionnaire items and the overall score. Analgesia frequency remained likewise considerably greater in RA than in GA (P 0.002). The period of hospital admittance in GA remained similarly considerably greater than in RA (P 0.002). Conclusion: For upper limb procedures, RA gives higher client experience than GA, as well as the longer time of analgesia in addition a shorter hospital admittance. Keywords: Individual loyalty, crucial indicator of health-care effectiveness, Regional Anesthetic Vs General Anesthesia.
Pakistan-China Relations: Beyond CPEC
Authors: Muhammad Faisal
Published: April 2022

In recent years between 2013-18, Pakistan-China relations witnessed a qualitative transformation as the bilateral ties expanded from defence to the economic sphere. The cooperation under the framework of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is increasing Chinese investments in Pakistan’s energy and infrastructure sectors. Expanding avenues of bilateral cooperation has led to emergence of new dynamics in the bilateral relations. With increased inter-dependence, both countries are also navigating major power international politics. Beijing and Islamabad have increased their coordination for peace and stability in Afghanistan as well as at the multilateral forums including the United Nations (UN) and Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). Traditional strategic cooperation is deepening to meet new geo-strategic challenges. Beyond CPEC, closer strategic engagement will determine the future direction of bilateral relations. Thus, it is crucial to take stock of the evolving geo-political dynamics and their impact on strategic dimensions of the bilateral relations. This paper aims to move forward from this standpoint and seeks to explore what developments have taken place in bilateral relations beyond CPEC during past five years (2013-2018). Most crucially, it explores how Pakistan-China relations have evolved in an era of geo-political tensions. It analyses how CPEC dynamics have influenced the course of broader relationship. Similarly, the growing coordination of two countries at the multilateral forums is also explored as they attempt to navigate the major power politics.
Supervizija i mogućnosti za njezino uvođenje u bosanskohercegovački školski sistem
Authors: Kolčaković Mersiha
Published: April 2022

The concept of supervision, as a support for teachers, is new and unexplored in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In primary schools the support and advisory work is mainly implemented through the concept of control literal (as videnced by the work descriptions of the pedagogical supervisor and existing legislation). Supervision as a support to professionals in the filed of rearing and education is one form of mental health protection, improving professional competencies and service quality in education. Therefore supervision is an important step forward in education reform in line with european standards. Considering supervision as a part of advisory work, which is not focused on a quality control, but on the development of competencies by refelction of professional experiences, we examine whether it is possible to change the mindset and settled habits through supervision (in a whole or only by applying parts acceptable in local context).
PELAKSANAAN REFORMA AGRARIA BERASAL DARI TANAH CABUTAN ASING (STUDI KASUS KABUPATEN BANGLI PROVINSI BALI)
Authors: Hidayat Achmad Taufiq
Published: April 2022

Reforma Agraria merupakan program prioritas nasional dalam Nawacita Presiden, sesuai dengan amanat RPJMN 2020-2024dan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 86 Tahun 2018 tentang Reforma Agraria. Di sisi lain, reforma agraria sering dikemas menjadikepentingan politik dalam kampanye pemilihan pemimpin baik di tingkat nasional maupun daerah. Namun seiring perjalanandari awal pencetusan sampai saat ini, keberhasilan reforma agraria yang dirasakan oleh rakyat masih dipertanyakan dan perludibuktikan secara empiris dengan kajian yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Dalam hal ini Negara tidak bisa bekerja sendiri,butuh seluruh komponen bangsa untuk menggerakkan cita-cita luhur reforma agraria yang dibutuhkan rakyat (petani tidakmemiliki tanah) namun mempunyai itikad baik untuk memanfaatkan tanahnya secara aktif. Di Kabupaten Bangli ada beberapadesa yang masyarakatnya bergantung kepada tanahnya untuk bercocok tanam, namun belum mendapatkan legalitas danbelum memperoleh akses pemberdayaan masyarakat. Tanah yang dijadikan obyek Reforma Agraria bersumber dari TanahCabutan Asing, menurut informasi dari Kepala Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Bangli merupakan tanah swapraja dan berasaldari penghapusan tanah partikelir. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan, adalah (1) Untuk melihat dukungan kelembagaan dari paraPemangku Kepentingan (2) Mengkaji proses pelaksanaan reforma agraria dan (3) Tindaklanjut yang dilaksanakan paskalegalisasi aset .Tulisan ini mengkaji pelaksanaan reforma agraria di Kabupaten Bangli, yang diselenggarakan pada tahun 2019 dan diberikankepada 200 petani setelah vakum pelaksanaan Reforma Agraria selama 11 (sebelas) tahun. Diharapkan pelaksanaannyaberkesinambungan dan dapat menjadi success story bagi pelaksanaan daerah lain.
Membangun Basis Data Pertanahan Valid Menuju Smart City: Sinergi Antar Stakeholder di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Bandhono Farizal Arma , Purba Renaud Saputra
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAKPerwujudan desa/kelurahan lengkap dapat dilakukan dengan cara memetakan seluruh bidang tanah tanpa terkecuali, baikitu bidang tanah yang belum ada hak atas tanahnya maupun yang sudah memiliki hak atas tanah. Kantor Pertanahan KotaPontianak melakukan sinergi dengan para pemangku kepentingan, yaitu dengan Pemerintah Kelurahan Tengah dan PemerintahKota Pontianak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses pembangunan basis data pertanahan yang valid dalam rangkapengembangan smart city. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif deskriptif, perolehan data dilakukan melalui surveilapang, pengumpulan data sekunder serta desk study terhadap kajian literatur maupun peraturan perundang-undangan.Analisis data dilakukan secara spasial terhadap data utama dan data pendukung pembangunan basis data pertanahanvalid. Pembangunan basis data pertanahan melalui sinergitas stakeholder memberi kebermanfaatan bagi masing-masingpemangku kepentingan sebagai pendukung pembuat kebijakan pada stakeholder. Antar stakeholder menggunakan basisdata yang valid untuk digunakan berbagi pakai sebagai salah satu pendukung terciptanya smart city di Kota Pontianak dalammewujudkan terciptanya smart governance. Hal ini membuat hubungan baik antar pemangku kepentingan, kerja sama yangpadu antar pemangku kepentingan, sharing data dan informasi, serta komitmen bersama untuk mencapai tujuan bersama.Kata kunci : sinergitas, pembangunan basis data pertanahan, valid, smart city
ABSTRACTThe realization of a complete Village can be done by mapping all parcels of land without exception, both parcels of land thatdo not have land rights or those that already have land rights. The Pontianak City Land Office synergizes with stakeholders,namely with the Tengah Village Government and the Pontianak City Government. The purpose of this study is to determine theprocess of building a valid land database to assist in the process of developing a smart city. The research method is descriptivequalitative, data acquisition is carried out through field surveys, secondary data collection, and desk studies on literaturestudies and legislation. Data analysis was carried out spatially on the main data and supporting data for the construction of avalid land database. The development of a land database through the resulting stakeholder synergy provides benefits for eachstakeholder in supporting data for policy makers to stakeholders. Between stakeholders using a valid database to be usedfor sharing as one of the supporters of the creation of a smart city in Pontianak in realizing the creation of Smart Governance.This creates good relations between stakeholders, solid cooperation between stakeholders, sharing of data and information,as well as a shared commitment to achieve common goals.Keywords : synergy, land database development, valid, smart city
Pengaruh Citra dan Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kepuasan dan Minat Kembali Pasien pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Makassar
Authors: Basalamah Khadijah Fauzi , Ahri Reza Aril , Multazam Muh
Published: April 2022

Latar  Belakang  : Beberapa  pasien  mengeluhkan  respon  dari  staf  RS,  waktu tunggu layanan yang cukup lama, kemudia beberapa pasien juga ternyata mempertimbangkan  kembali untuk menggunakan RSUD kota Makassar sebagai pilihan  untuk  berobat.  Hal  ini  tentu  dapat  berdampak  kepada  menurunnya kepuasan dan minat kembali pasien. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh citra dan kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan dengan minat kembali psien  pada  RSUD  Kota  Makassar.  Metode  : Jenis    Penelitian  menggunakan metode observational  analitik dengan rancangan  studi cross sectional.  Metode pengambilan  sampel menggunakan  purposive  sampling dilakukan pada pasien rawat   inap   RSUD   Kota   Makassar   yang   telah   memenuhi   kriteria.   Pada pengukuran citra, stress kualitas layanan, kepuasan, dan minat kembali ini diukur menggunakan pengisian kuisioner. Hasil : Terdapat 102 responden yang terlibat pada penelitian ini.  Sebagian besar responden berada pada kelompok usia 20-30   tahun   (36.3%),   berjenis   kelamin   perempuan   (57.8%),   memiliki   tingkat pendidikan SMA (37.3%). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa terterdapat pengaruh kualitas layanan (0.036) terhadap kepuasan pasien, terdapat pengaruh citra (0.013), kualitas layanan (0.006), kepuasan (0.013) terhadap minat kembali pasien di RSUD Kota Makassar. Namun citra (0,064) tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pasien di RSUD Kota Makassar. Kesimpulan : Citra, Kualitas layanan, dan Kepuasan mempengaruhi  minat kembali pasien   di RSUD Kota Makassar. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh  terhadap Minat kembali pasien di RSUD Kota Makassar adalah Citra.
Analysis and risk estimation system for heart attack using EDENN algorithm
Authors: Thakkar Priyanka Bibay , Talwekar R. H.
Published: April 2022

Heart related diseases are very common in the present scenario. In the past two decades the number of heart patients have increased to a large extent. Due to this abrupt rise in the number of patients, the death count has also increased. Thus, an efficient and accurate system must be developed for the diagnosis of heart related diseases, as the present methods available are not accurate enough and are insufficient for the Heart Attack (HA) and its Risk Analysis (RA). This paper propounds a system for HA risk estimation by the use of an Enhanced Deep Elman Neural Network (EDENN). In this system a Photoplethysmography (PPG) signal is inputted and pre-processed for noise removal. Further, Signal Decomposition (SD) is done, and the vital signs are estimated like Blood Pressure (BP), Respiratory Rate (RR) and Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (CANS). For the BP estimation, Modified Maximum Amplitude Algorithm (MMAA) method is used and for the decomposed signal processing the Improved Incremental Merge Segmentation (IIMS) is used. As for features, Variation of amplitude, frequency and intensity are calculated and merged.
Women’s land access disparity affects livelihoods and children’s education of the tribal people
Authors: Brahma Ashok , Mushahary Jhanin
Published: April 2022

The ability of women to enhance their well-being is determined by their access to land. The study analysis focuses on the findings of a pilot survey on how women's land access disparities affect livelihoods and children's education of tribal people in the Bodoland Territorial Region of Assam, India. It targeted 384 households from three tribal groups: Bodo, Rabha, and Garo. The landholdings in the area are 71.86 percent marginal and 11.46 percent of the tribal people are landless. Women are rarely able to own land. Men possessed 64.32 percent of the land, compared to women's 4.68 percent. Women are typically de facto heads of households in the Bodoland region. The denial of equal land access to women obstructs the benefit of society as a whole in livelihoods, children are particularly suffered. Agriculture is the main source of earnings in rural areas, provides a livelihood of the tribal population. Enhancing women's access to land can considerably impact poverty reduction, not least by contributing to enhanced household food security.
Testing limitations, legal and sociological aspects of abortion laws in India
Authors: Hooda Sneha , Agarwal Kirt
Published: April 2022

In September, addressing the limitations of abortion laws in India, the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act 2021 came to force. The case, Meera Santosh Pal vs Union of India, further exposes the issues with the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act 1971 and explains why there was a desperate need for an amendment. While the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (Amendment) Act 2021 garnered praise, abortion in India is still a question of morality concerning many religions. Even though India promulgated the Medical Termination Act in 1971, it was fraught with issues that were left unaddressed. Is the amendment successful in undoing the fallacies of the principal Act? What has been the role of the Indian Judiciary in this respect? The researchers writes a case analysis for Meera Santosh Pal vs Union of India. They also highlights other such cases that visibilised the issues with the 1971 Act.
A case study of sugarcane crushing profile of sugar factories in Solapur district
Authors: Patil R. K. , Rajguru Swaranjali
Published: April 2022

Sugarcane plays a pivotal role within the agro industrial economy of India and really within the real economy. India is that the world’s second largest nation after ones Brazil in sugar production. Employment and dependency on the industry is big. Massive mass of agriculture labour area unit concerned in sugarcane cultivation, harvesting and different activities. Sugarcane is taken into account crop for the longer term thanks to its contribution to production of sugar, jaggery, khandsari and lots of by product like syrup molasses, bagasses and press mud and additionally bound renewable sources of green energy within the variety of bioethanol and many bio-based products. Production of sugar in India is from sugarcane as a result most of the sugar factories area unit placed within the states. Maharashtra state has the highest number of sugar mills followed by Uttar Pradesh. The paper aims to analysis the performance of sugar industry of solapur district. This study includes sugarcane production, sugar production, number of factories in operation, etc. The study has targeted on the sugar crushing state of affairs of solapur district in past four years and Secondary information was obtained from ‘Pradeshik Sakhar Sahsanchalak Karyalay’ Solapur.
Scrutiny on colour psychology by utilising colour wheel to determine its effect on gen Z for website design
Authors: Mythili R. , Kiruthiga V.
Published: April 2022

A good website can have a significant impact on the e-commerce business. As a result, variables that improve an e-commerce website must be considered. The colour of a website is a crucial factor that has a direct impact on influencing people minds. Many studies have been conducted to better understand how colour is used in various fields to reap the benefits. In this study, the major purpose is to explore key colours and their impact on the website design to identify how colour affects generation z in an e-commerce website. Primary and secondary colours are examined in the analysis. A questionnaire will be created, and an online survey of Generation Z will be conducted. The collected data may be analysed to determine the most affecting colours for website design among generation Z, as well as the likability of various colours among generation Z. This knowledge will aid in making better colour choices for Generation Z in terms of website design and marketing.