bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Long-read sequencing and optical mapping generates near T2T assemblies that resolves a centromeric translocation
Authors: ten Berk de Boer Esmee , Ameur Adam , Bunikis Ignas , Ek Marlene , Stattin Eva-Lena , Feuk Lars , Eisfeldt Jesper , Lindstrand Anna
Published: April 2024

Long-read genome sequencing (lrGS) is a promising method in genetic diagnostics. Here we investigate the potential of lrGS to detect a disease-associated chromosomal translocation between 17p13 and the 19 centromere. We constructed two sets of phased and non-phased de novo assemblies; (i) based on lrGS only and (ii) hybrid assemblies combining lrGS with optical mapping using lrGS reads with a median coverage of 34X. Variant calling detected both structural variants (SVs) and small variants and the accuracy of the small variant calling was compared with those called with short-read genome sequencing (srGS). The de novo and hybrid assemblies had high quality and contiguity with N50 of 62.85 Mb, enabling a near telomere to telomere assembly with less than a 100 contigs per haplotype. Notably, we successfully identified the centromeric breakpoint of the translocation. A concordance of 92% was observed when comparing small variant calling between srGS and lrGS. In summary, our findings underscore the remarkable potential of lrGS as a comprehensive and accurate solution for the analysis of SVs and small variants. Thus, lrGS could replace a large battery of genetic tests that were used for the diagnosis of a single symptomatic translocation carrier, highlighting the potential of lrGS in the realm of digital karyotyping.
The alterations in nerve growth factor concentration in plasma and synovial fluid before and after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Onodera Tomohiro , Iwasaki Koji , Matsuoka Masatake , Morioka Yasuhide , Matsubara Shinji , Kondo Eiji , Iwasaki Norimasa
Published: April 2024

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective procedure for pain relief; however, the emergence of postsurgical pain remains a concern. In this study, we investigated the production of nerve growth factor (NGF) and mediators that affect NGF production and their function in the synovial fluid and plasma after TKA. This study included 19 patients (20 knees) who had rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and knee osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent TKA, categorized into OA and non-OA groups. The levels of NGF, inflammatory cytokines, and lipid mediators were analyzed before and after surgery. The intraoperative synovial fluid NGF concentration was more than seven times higher in the non-OA group than in the OA group. The intra-articular NGF levels increased significantly by more than threefold postoperatively in the OA group but not in the non-OA group. Moreover, the levels of inflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators were increased in the synovial fluid of both groups. The intra-articular cytokines or NGF concentrations positively correlated with postoperative pain. Targeted NGF control has the potential to alleviate postsurgical pain in TKA, especially in patients with OA, emphasizing the importance of understanding NGF dynamics under different knee conditions.
Measurement of mass force field driving water refilling of cuttage
Authors: Xu Mingwei , Li Ke , Xue Yanling , Wang Feixiang , Liu Zhixuan , Xiao Tiqiao
Published: April 2024

Cuttage is a common plant cultivation method, and the key to its survival is the restoration of water refilling, which remains unclear up to now. We report 3D dynamic imaging of water refilling of cuttage without resorting to any contrast agent. Hydrodynamics of the refilled water flow over time reveals the existence of a unit mass force field with a gradient along the refilling direction, which means that cutting plants also have a gradient force field to drive the recovery of water refilling, as predicted by Cohesion-Tension theory in normal plants. We found that force fields of different functional regions are isolated and independently distributed, which is conducive to ensure the safety of water transmission. At the same time, we also found that there is a so-called "inchworm effect" in the mass force field, which contributes to the force transfer inside the cutting through local force accumulation. Results of this paper demonstrate that the developed method for the measurement of mass force field in-vivo is applicable to help decipher the mechanism of plant water refilling.
The principle of magnetic flux switch
Authors: Heidary Amir , Ghaffarian Niasar Mohammad , Popov Marjan
Published: April 2024

This paper introduces an innovative Magnetic Switch (MFS) designed to control and alter magnetic flux within energy system components, offering an alternative to conventional power electronic devices. The MFS comprises a low-current control coil, a control core, and a high-density magnetic flux-carrying main core combined with a main coil energy system. In this novel magnetic configuration, when a low-power current excites the control coil, the magnetic flux in the main core (supplied by the main coil) decreases to nearly zero. Conversely, when the control coil disconnects from the power source, the magnetic flux within the main core attains its maximum value. This operation positions the MFS as a groundbreaking concept within magnetic-based energy systems, akin to transistors in power electronics. The main outcomes of the MFS concept are that it can vary the magnetic flux of the main core in the large range, and it is a fast magnetic switch with a simple and low power loss control circuit and an independent control coil from the main coil. Analytical studies thoroughly elucidate the performance and advantages of this proposed magnetic switch, substantiated by Finite Element Method simulations and experimental prototype outcomes.
The dysregulation of biliary tract microflora is closely related to primary choledocholithiasis: a multicenter study
Authors: Xiao Min , Zhou Yankun , Wang Zhengfei , Dai Wenchao , Wang Di , Wan Zhenmiao , Chen Zhitao , Li Qiyong , Zheng ShuSen
Published: April 2024

Bile microecology changes play an important role in the occurrence and development of choledocholithiasis. At present, there is no clear report on the difference of bile microecology between asymptomatic patients with gallbladder polyps and choledocholithiasis. This study compared bile microecology between gallbladder polyp patients and patients with choledocholithiasis to identify risk factors for primary choledocholithiasis. This study was conducted in 3 hospitals in different regions of China. Bile samples from 26 patients with gallbladder polyps and 31 patients with choledocholithiasis were collected by laparoscopic cholecystectomy and endoscopic retrograde choledocholithiasis cholangiography (ERCP), respectively. The collected samples were used for 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. The α-diversity of bile microecological colonies was similar between gallbladder polyp and choledocholithiasis, but the β-diversity was different. Firmicutes, Proteobacteri, Bacteroidota and Actinobacteriota are the most common phyla in the gallbladder polyp group and choledocholithiasis group. However, compared with the gallbladder polyp patients, the abundance of Actinobacteriota has significantly lower in the choledocholithiasis group. At the genera level, the abundance of a variety of bacteria varies between the two groups, and Enterococcus was significantly elevated in choledocholithiasis group. In addition, bile biofilm formation—Pseudomonas aeruginosa was more metabolically active in the choledocholithiasis group, which was closely related to stone formation. The analysis of metabolites showed that a variety of metabolites decreased in the choledocholithiasis group, and the concentration of beta-muricholic acid decreased most significantly. For the first time, our study compared the bile of gallbladder polyp patients with patients with choledocholithiasis, and suggested that the change in the abundance of Actinobacteriota and Enterococcus were closely related to choledocholithiasis. The role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm in the formation of choledocholithiasis was discovered for the first time, and some prevention schemes for choledocholithiasis were discussed, which has important biological and medical significance.
Impact of insertion into the left internal jugular vein in chemoport-associated infections: a retrospective single-center study of 1690 cases
Authors: Kim Gwon-Min , Song Seunghwan , Kim Do Young , Kim Soo Han , Lee Chung Won , Bae Miju , Kim Jong Won , Huh Up
Published: April 2024

We analyzed chemoport insertion procedures to evaluate infectious morbidity and factors causing infection. This single-center retrospective study included 1690 cases of chemoport implantation between January 2017 and December 2020. Overall, chemoports were inserted in 1582 patients. The average duration of chemoport use was 481 days (range 1–1794, median 309). Infections occurred in 80 cases (4.7%), with 0.098 per 1000 catheter-days. Among the 80 cases in which chemoports were removed because of suspected infection, bacteria were identified in 48 (60%). Significantly more cases of left internal jugular vein punctures were noted in the infected group (15 [18.8%] vs. 147 [9.1%]; p = 0.004). Pulmonary embolism was significantly different between the infection groups (3 [3.8%] vs. 19 (1.2%), p = 0.048). The hazard ratio was 2.259 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.288–3.962) for the left internal jugular vein, 3.393 (95% CI 1.069–10.765) for pulmonary embolism, and 0.488 (95% CI 0.244–0.977) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Using the right internal jugular vein rather than the left internal jugular vein when performing chemoport insertion might reduce subsequent infections.
Type 1 secretion necessitates a tight interplay between all domains of the ABC transporter
Authors: Anlauf Manuel T. , Bilsing Florestan L. , Reiners Jens , Spitz Olivia , Hachani Eymen , Smits Sander H. J. , Schmitt Lutz
Published: April 2024

Type I secretion systems (T1SS) facilitate the secretion of substrates in one step across both membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. A prime example is the hemolysin T1SS which secretes the toxin HlyA. Secretion is energized by the ABC transporter HlyB, which forms a complex together with the membrane fusion protein HlyD and the outer membrane protein TolC. HlyB features three domains: an N-terminal C39 peptidase-like domain (CLD), a transmembrane domain (TMD) and a C-terminal nucleotide binding domain (NBD). Here, we created chimeric transporters by swapping one or more domains of HlyB with the respective domain(s) of RtxB, a HlyB homolog from Kingella kingae. We tested all chimeric transporters for their ability to secrete pro-HlyA when co-expressed with HlyD. The CLD proved to be most critical, as a substitution abolished secretion. Swapping only the TMD or NBD reduced the secretion efficiency, while a simultaneous exchange abolished secretion. These results indicate that the CLD is the most critical secretion determinant, while TMD and NBD might possess additional recognition or interaction sites. This mode of recognition represents a hierarchical and extreme unusual case of substrate recognition for ABC transporters and optimal secretion requires a tight interplay between all domains.
The role of QRFP43 in the secretory activity of the gonadotrophic axis in female sheep
Authors: Przybył Bartosz Jarosław , Szlis Michał , Wysoczański Bartłomiej , Wójcik-Gładysz Anna
Published: April 2024

In mammals reproduction is regulated by many factors, among others by the peptides belonging to the RFamide peptide family. However, the knowledge concerning on the impact of recently identified member of this family (QRFP43) on the modulation of the gonadotrophic axis activity is still not fully understood and current research results are ambiguous. In the present study we tested the in vivo effect of QRFP43 on the secretory activity of the gonadotrophic axis at the hypothalamic-pituitary level in Polish Merino sheep. The animals (n = 48) were randomly divided into three experimental groups: controls receiving an icv infusion of Ringer-Locke solution, group receiving icv infusion of QRFP43 at 10 μg per day and 50 μg per day. All sheep received four 50 min icv infusions at 30 min intervals, on each of three consecutive days. Hypothalamic and pituitaries were collected and secured for further immunohistochemical and molecular biological analysis. In addition, during the experiment a blood samples have been collected for subsequent RIA determinations. QRFP43 was found to downregulate Kiss mRNA expression in the MBH and reduce the level of IR material in ME. This resulted in a reduction of GnRH IR material in the ME. QRFP43 increased plasma FSH levels while decreasing LH levels. Our findings indicate that QRFP43 inhibits the activity of the gonadotropic axis in the ovine at the level of the hypothalamus and may represent another neuromodulator of reproductive processes in animals.
Prevalence and patterns of third molar impaction among Ethiopians in Addis Ababa: a retrospective pilot study
Authors: Gebeyehu Tsedenia , Abaynew Yeshewas
Published: April 2024

Tooth impaction is a condition in which a tooth does not reach its normal position and is often observed in the third mandibular molar due to inadequate space. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and configuration of the impacted third molars with an emphasis on angular orientations in a sample of the Ethiopian population. This cross-sectional study included a retrospective analysis of 291 patient records and orthopantomography data from the archives of a private dental clinic in Addis Ababa, during the study period from December 2020 to November 2022. Demographic details and data on the position and level of the impacted third molars were evaluated using the Winter classification. Data were analyzed for frequency distribution. The prevalence of impacted third molars was 22% (n = 64), with a greater incidence on the right side (60.9%) and a higher frequency in the mandible (67.2%). Vertical angulation (32.8%), followed by mesioangular angulation (31.2%), was the most common impaction pattern. The results highlight the need for improved treatment protocols for third molar impaction, emphasizing the prevalence in the mandible and the importance of addressing vertical impaction. Regular dental check-ups are essential for assessing third molar impaction and planning appropriate management. These data can inform policymaking and treatment considerations for impacted third molars in the Ethiopian population.
Exploring the preparation of YbBa2Cu3O7−y superconductor in flowing oxygen atmosphere
Authors: Wang Yanan , Zhang Zerong , Gao Zhan , Wang Lei , Wang Qiuliang
Published: April 2024

REBCO has been used extensively as coated conductors applied to superconducting magnets due to its exceptional superconducting properties. As a REBCO superconductor, YbBa2Cu3O7−y (Yb123) has a low melting temperature, making it suitable for use as an intermediate medium connector while preparing the superconducting joint. However, there is still uncertainty about the formation mechanism of Yb123 and the synthesis of this superconductor has not been fully understood. Therefore, this study systematically investigated the phase transformation process of Yb123 during heat treatment in flowing oxygen. The results indicated that Yb123 sample with the highest phase purity could be obtained by annealing at 927 °C or 937 °C but not in between, respectively. Furthermore, a quantitative phase analysis revealed that the sample annealed at 937 °C had a phase purity greater than 80 wt%. Additionally, a strong c-axis texture was observed in the bulk Yb123 superconductor prepared at 937 °C. Meanwhile, the superconducting results revealed that the bulk sample’s Tc was 89.9 K, and its self-field critical current densities at 4.2 K and 77 K were 1.3 × 105 A/cm2 and 5.0 × 103 A/cm2, respectively. Based on the results mentioned above, the phase transformation process and formation mechanism of Yb123 in flowing oxygen were elaborated.
Evaluating cell culture reliability in pediatric brain tumor primary cells through DNA methylation profiling
Authors: Pedace Lucia , Pizzi Simone , Abballe Luana , Vinci Maria , Antonacci Celeste , Patrizi Sara , Nardini Claudia , Del Bufalo Francesca , Rossi Sabrina , Pericoli Giulia , Gianno Francesca , Besharat Zein Mersini , Tiberi Luca , Mastronuzzi Angela , Ferretti Elisabetta , Tartaglia Marco , Locatelli Franco , Ciolfi Andrea , Miele Evelina
Published: April 2024

In vitro models of pediatric brain tumors (pBT) are instrumental for better understanding the mechanisms contributing to oncogenesis and testing new therapies; thus, ideally, they should recapitulate the original tumor. We applied DNA methylation (DNAm) and copy number variation (CNV) profiling to characterize 241 pBT samples, including 155 tumors and 86 pBT-derived cell cultures, considering serum vs serum-free conditions, late vs early passages, and dimensionality (2D vs 3D cultures). We performed a t-SNE classification and identified differentially methylated regions in tumors compared to cell models. Early cell cultures recapitulate the original tumor, but serum media and 2D culturing were demonstrated to significantly contribute to the divergence of DNAm profiles from the parental ones. All divergent cells clustered together acquiring a common deregulated epigenetic signature suggesting a shared selective pressure. We identified a set of hypomethylated genes shared among unfaithful cells converging on response to growth factors and migration pathways, such as signaling cascade activation, tissue organization, and cellular migration. In conclusion, DNAm and CNV are informative tools that should be used to assess the recapitulation of pBT-cells from parental tumors.
Gel polymer electrolytes for rechargeable batteries toward wide-temperature applications
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhou Yifang , Yu Le , Qi Luhe , Oh Kyeong-Seok , Hu Pei , Lee Sang-Young , Chen Chaoji
Published: April 2024

Design principles, engineering strategies, challenges, and opportunities of gel polymer electrolytes for rechargeable batteries toward wide-temperature applications are thoroughly reviewed.
A microfluidic microalgae detection system for cellular physiological response based on an object detection algorithm
Authors: Zhou Shizheng , Chen Tianhui , Fu Edgar S. , Zhou Teng , Shi Liuyong , Yan Hong
Published: April 2024

We present a label-free, multi-scale, sheath-less microfluidic microalgae detection system enabled with an improved deep learning algorithm, called MD-YOLO, for tiny cell classification and physiological status monitoring.
High-entropy materials for thermoelectric applications: towards performance and reliability
Authors: Oueldna Nouredine , Sabi Noha , Aziam Hasna , Trabadelo Vera , Ben Youcef Hicham
Published: April 2024

This review summarizes the recent progress in the design of high-entropy thermoelectric materials, including alloys and ceramics, and emphasises the entropy-driven effect in these thermoelectric materials.
Biphenyl tetracarboxylic acid-based metal–organic frameworks: a case of topology-dependent thermal expansion
Authors: Liu Zhanning , Xing Chengyong , Wu Shaowen , Ma Min , Tian Jian
Published: April 2024

It is found that the thermal expansion behaviors are highly dependent on the framework topologies for indium biphenyl tetracarboxylate based MOFs.
Tunable thermal diffusivity of silk protein assemblies based on their structural control and photo-induced chemical cross-linking
Authors: Tanaka Michihiro , Sawada Toshiki , Numata Keiji , Serizawa Takeshi
Published: April 2024

The tunable thermal diffusivity of silk fibroin-based assemblies (films) is demonstrated here. The control of secondary structures and subsequent photo-induced chemical cross-linking are essential for heat conduction in the films.
Harnessing the power of natural deep eutectic solvents (choline chloride/sucrose) and polypropylene glycol in the formation of aqueous biphasic systems and the application of these systems in drug extraction
Authors: Ghaffari Fariba , Zafarani-Moattar Mohammed Taghi , Shekaari Hemayat
Published: April 2024

In recent times, there has been considerable interest in utilizing aqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) containing natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) for the extraction of various substances.
Ethyl acetate as an acetyl source and solvent for acetylation of alcohols by KOH
Authors: Wang Xiaodan , Sun Huilin , Cheng Yao , Yang Wenfei , Wang Xinmei , Xiong Liting , Li Yiying , Wang Jinhui , Gan Chunli , Lin Chunguang , Xu Huanjun
Published: April 2024

A mild, efficient and convenient procedure for the acetylation of alcohols with EtOAc as acetyl source and solvent mediated by KOH was reported.
Detection of TNP and sulfite ions in an aqueous medium using a pyrazinium-based chemosensor
Authors: Pragya  , Rangan Krishnan , Khungar Bharti
Published: April 2024

A pyrazinium-based fluorescent chemosensor exhibited effecient detection of TNP and sulfite ions in aqueous medium. The chemosensor with a visually detectable color change in the presence of sulfite was integrated with a smartphone.
Tailoring the structure and self-activated photoluminescence of carbonated amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles for bioimaging applications
Authors: Machado Thales R. , Zanardo Carlos E. , Vilela Raquel R.C. , Miranda Renata R. , Moreno Natália S. , Leite Celisnolia M. , Longo Elson , Zucolotto Valtencir
Published: April 2024

The optimization of carbonates concentration, a posterior heat treatment step, and citrate functionalization yield stable self-activated luminescent amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles for bioimaging applications.
Crystalline confinement leads to broadening of absorption spectra through activated spin-forbidden transitions in Alq3-Irppy2acac engineered crystals
Authors: Nie Yufang , Zhang Heming , Wang Jiaxuan , Ke Lianbao , Saikin Semion K. , Bi Hai , Chen Wangqiao , Zhou Guofu
Published: April 2024

Spin-forbidden excitations are activated in an engineered crystal designed based upon perturbation theory.
Fabrication of novel mixed matrix polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) intended for renewable hydrogen production via electrolysis application
Authors: Mokete Relebohile , Mikšík František , Selyanchyn Roman , Takata Nobuo , Thu Kyaw , Miyazaki Takahiko
Published: April 2024

Hydrogen gas is among the sustainable energy forms that counteract the energy crisis.
Simple distance-based thread analytical device integrated with ion imprinted polymer for Zn2+ quantification in human urine samples
Authors: Chheang Lita , Khachornsakkul Kawin , Del-Rio-Ruiz Ruben , Zeng Wenxin , Thongkon Nisakorn , Thanasupsin Sudtida Pliankarom , Sonkusale Sameer
Published: April 2024

An IIP was synthesized and immobilized into a distance-based thread substrate for zinc quantification.
Why pyridoxal phosphate could be a functional predecessor of thiamine pyrophosphate and speculations on a primordial metabolism
Authors: Kirschning Andreas
Published: April 2024

On the basis of mechanistic and biosynthetic considerations, arguments are put forward as to why, from an evolutionary point of view, the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate preceded thiamine pyrophosphate.
An NIR-II-emitting type-I photosensitizer for efficient hypoxic tumor phototheranostics
Authors: Wang Qi , Wang Ruoqing , Wang Xiaoyuan , Fu Mingxuan , Gao Yicong , Feng Jianfeng , Geng Renyong , Yuan Zhen , Fan Quli , Lu Feng
Published: April 2024

An NIR-II-emitting type-I photosensitizer with a strong push–pull effect and good planar π-conjugated structure was synthesized for efficient hypoxic tumor phototheranostics.
Pure separation of acetylene based on a sulfonic acid and amino group functionalized Zn-MOF
Authors: Deng Yu-Xin , Yang Guo-Ping , Wang Yao-Yu
Published: April 2024

Zn-MOF 1 was synthesized by the dual-ligand strategy and had 1D channels functionalized by sulfonic acid and amino groups. Upon activation, the coordinated water of 1 was removed and the pore environment of 1a was optimized for C2H2 purification.
Chemical control of CRISPR/Cpf1 editing via orthogonal activation and deactivation of crosslinked crRNA
Authors: Lin Cui-Lian , Chen Wen-Da , Liu Li , Cheng Liang
Published: April 2024

A conditional CRISPR/Cpf1 editing system that operates through light-induced activation and chemical reduction-responsive deactivation was reported.
Cascade ring expansion reactions for the synthesis of medium-sized rings and macrocycles
Authors: Wootton Jack M. , Tam Jerry K. F. , Unsworth William P.
Published: April 2024

Recent advances in the development of cascade ring expansion reactions for the synthesis of medium-sized rings and macrocycles are described.
Dispersion, ionic bonding and vibrational shifts in phospho-aluminosilicate glasses
Authors: Grammes Thilo , de Ligny Dominique , Mathew Dintu , Griebenow Kristin , Scheffler Franziska , Lindner Florian , Aichele Claudia , Dellith Jan , van Wüllen Leo , Kamitsos Efstratios I. , Brauer Delia S.
Published: April 2024

The average shift of high-frequency IR and Raman spectra, calculated as their centre of gravity (COG), correlates linearly with optical basicity and allows for estimating the average degree of covalent/ionic bonding by vibrational spectroscopy.
Effect of point defects on the band alignment and transport properties of 1T-MoS2/2H-MoS2/1T-MoS2 heterojunctions
Authors: Cong Yifei , Tao Bairui , Lu Xinzhu , Liu Xiaojie , Wang Yin , Yin Haitao
Published: April 2024

Defects in the central scattering region can generate local impurity states and introduce new transmission peaks, while defects at the interface do not generate impurity-state-related transmission peaks.
Systematic study of ionic conduction in silver iodide/mesoporous alumina composites 2: effects of silver bromide doping
Authors: Fukui Yoko , Yoshida Yukihiro , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Jikihara Yohei
Published: April 2024

A systematic study of Ag+-ion conducting behaviour in AgBr-doped AgI/mesoporous alumina (MPA) composites was conducted. The highest conductivity was found when the AgBr content was 10 mol% (1.6 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 25 °C).
Developments and applications of the OPTIMADE API for materials discovery, design, and data exchange
Authors: Evans Matthew L. , Bergsma Johan , Merkys Andrius , Andersen Casper W. , Andersson Oskar B. , Beltrán Daniel , Blokhin Evgeny , Boland Tara M. , Castañeda Balderas Rubén , Choudhary Kamal , Díaz Díaz Alberto , Domínguez García Rodrigo , Eckert Hagen , Eimre Kristjan , Fuentes Montero María Elena , Krajewski Adam M. , Mortensen Jens Jørgen , Nápoles Duarte José Manuel , Pietryga Jacob , Qi Ji , Trejo Carrillo Felipe de Jesús , Vaitkus Antanas , Yu Jusong , Zettel Adam , de Castro Pedro Baptista , Carlsson Johan , Cerqueira Tiago F. T. , Divilov Simon , Hajiyani Hamidreza , Hanke Felix , Jose Kevin , Oses Corey , Riebesell Janosh , Schmidt Jonathan , Winston Donald , Xie Christen , Yang Xiaoyu , Bonella Sara , Botti Silvana , Curtarolo Stefano , Draxl Claudia , Fuentes Cobas Luis Edmundo , Hospital Adam , Liu Zi-Kui , Marques Miguel A. L. , Marzari Nicola , Morris Andrew J. , Ong Shyue Ping , Orozco Modesto , Persson Kristin A. , Thygesen Kristian S. , Wolverton Chris , Scheidgen Markus , Toher Cormac , Conduit Gareth J. , Pizzi Giovanni , Gražulis Saulius , Rignanese Gian-Marco , Armiento Rickard
Published: April 2024

The Open Databases Integration for Materials Design (OPTIMADE) application programming interface (API) empowers users with holistic access to a federation of databases, enhancing the accessibility and discoverability of materials and chemical data.
Unrecognized volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds from brake wear
Authors: Perraud V. , Blake D. R. , Wingen L. M. , Barletta B. , Bauer P. S. , Campos J. , Ezell M. J. , Guenther A. , Johnson K. N. , Lee M. , Meinardi S. , Patterson J. , Saltzman E. S. , Thomas A. E. , Smith J. N. , Finlayson-Pitts B. J.
Published: April 2024

This study shows that volatile and semi-volatile organic gases are emitted during light and heavy braking. These emissions will remain as we transition to zero exhaust emission vehicles and must be included in air pollution and climate assessments.
Cooperative catalytic behavior of CoS and Bi2S3 nanoparticles on Zr:BiVO4 photoanodes for enhanced photoelectrochemical sulfite oxidation coupled with pharmaceutical pollution degradation
Authors: Arunachalam Prabhakarn , Shaddad Maged N. , Amer Mabrook S. , Alsalman Abdulaziz M. , Madhavan Jagannathan
Published: April 2024

The construction of Zr:BiVO4@Bi2S3–CoS heterojunctions has been demonstrated to be an effective way to facilitate PEC water splitting and degradation of organic pollutants.
CuI-anchored porous covalent organic frameworks for highly efficient conversion of propargylic amines with CO2 from flue gas
Authors: Qiu Jikuan , Qi Xiaoqing , Zhu Keping , Zhao Yuling , Wang Haiyan , Li Zhiyong , Wang Huiyong , Zhao Yang , Wang Jianji
Published: April 2024

A unique CuI-anchored covalent organic framework heterogeneous catalyst was designed and synthesized, and the catalyst exhibited highly efficient conversion of propargylic amines with flue gas CO2 into 2-oxazolidones.
Lignocellulosic full-components hydrogelation using steam-exploded corn stover
Authors: Pang Tairan , Wang Lan , Chen Hongzhang
Published: April 2024

The non-dissolving strategy utilizes green steam explosion method to pretreat corn stover, and then directly blend it with PVA solution to fabricate a lignocellulose-based hydrogel, which avoids component separation, modification, and dissolution.
One-pot biocatalytic upgrading of lignin-derived phenol and catechol to hydroxytyrosol
Authors: Zhao Rui-Yan , Huang Shuang-Ping , Gao Li-Li , Zhang Jian-Dong
Published: April 2024

One-pot cascade biocatalysis for the conversion of renewable lignin-derived phenol and catechol into hydroxytyrosol.
Green, efficient and controllable synthesis of high-quality MOF-74 with high gravity technology
Authors: Shi Xin-Ran , Qiao Meng , Wei Yan , Yun Ling-Xia , Wang Jie-Xin , Chen Jian-Feng
Published: April 2024

A green, efficient high-gravity-assisted approach was proposed to synthesize MOF-74–Co with controllable particle size, high crystallinity, large specific surface area and excellent CO2 adsorption performance.
Ketoreductase-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution of sterically hindered 2-aryl-1,5-benzothiazepin-3,4(2H,5H)-diones: asymmetric synthesis of a key diltiazem precursor and its analogues
Authors: Guo Zijun , Wu Zexin , Wu Xiaofan , Zhang Li , Huang Zedu , Chen Fener
Published: April 2024

An efficient, green, and stereoselective synthesis of cis-(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-aryl-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-ones was developed via ketoreductase-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution.
Effects of mixed phases on ionic conductivities for (LaF3)1–x(PbF2)x fast-fluoride-ion-conducting solid electrolytes
Authors: Hao Yaowei , Nie Qiaojun , Cao Xiaocao , Zheng Jiafan , Zhang Kai , Zheng Jun , Wang Haodong , Zhao Yafang , Liu Jiayi , Lin Zhiguang , Zhang Ming , Shen Zhongrong
Published: April 2024

A fast fluoride ion conductor with mixed components of hexagonal, cubic and orthorhombic phases is synthesized to achieve high fluoride ion conductivity.
Immune-theranostic gold nanorod-based NIR-responsive nanomedicine for the delivery of TLR7/8 adjuvant-induced effective anticancer therapy
Authors: Gowsalya Karunanidhi , Rithisa Babu , Shyamsivappan Selvaraj , Vivek Raju
Published: April 2024

Presently, there are several challenges that need to be overcome in the development of treatments that can effectively inhibit tumor growth, prevent the spread of tumor metastases, and protect the host against recurrence.
Large enhancement of electrochemical biomass oxidation by optimizing the competitive adsorption of HMF and OH− on doped CoOx
Authors: Nie Tianqi , Liu Guihao , Song Ziheng , Shen Tianyang , Sun Xiaoliang , Yu Tianrui , Bai Sha , Zheng Lirong , Song Yu-Fei
Published: April 2024

By doping transition metals into CoOx, we can regulate the deintercalation capacity of OH−. The CoCuOx with enriched oxygen vacancies allowed the optimization of the competitive adsorption between HMF and OH−, and accelerated the kinetics of HMFOR.
Phase switching and shape-memory effect in a molecular material: revisiting the Werner complex [Ni(4-MePy)4(NCS)2]
Authors: Wang Shi-Qiang , Darwish Shaza , Matos Catiúcia R. M. O. , Wong Zicong Marvin , Nalaparaju Anjaiah , Luo Yifei , Zhu Jun , Zhang Xiaofei , Xu Zhengtao , Zaworotko Michael J.
Published: April 2024

A well-known Werner complex, [Ni(4-methylpyridine)4(NCS)2], has been revisited to investigate its phase switching and shape-memory effect induced by p-xylene vapor.
Local protons enhance photocatalytic CO2 reduction by porphyrinic zirconium-organic frameworks
Authors: Zhao Xue , Zhu Chang-Yan , Qin Jun-Sheng , Rao Heng , Du Dong-Ying , Zhang Min , She Ping , Li Li , Su Zhong-Min
Published: April 2024

MOF-OH with a large number of local proton sources not only modifies the microenvironment but also enables efficient charge separation, which thus exhibited effective CO2 capture and CO2 reduction under visible-light irradiation.
Base- and metal-free visible-light driven site-selective α-C(sp3)–H functionalization reaction of glycine derivatives with hydroxamic acid derivatives
Authors: He Shiyun , Fan Hongying , Zhang Xue , Ye Meiling , Chen Jian , Hou Jinyu , Huang Tianle , Guo Li , Lv Guanghui , Wu Yong
Published: April 2024

A visible-light-mediated radical–radical cross-coupling reaction between hydroxamic acid and N-phenyl glycine derivatives under base and metal free conditions is reported. A series of unnatural amino acids and peptides were obtained in good to excellent yields with good chemo-selectivity.
Influence of potassium doping on the structural, conduction mechanism, and dielectric properties of CaFe2O4
Authors: Bouzayani Mohamed Mounir , Ben Abdessalem Manel , Soudani Ibtihel , Oueslati Abderrazek , Aydi Abdelhedi
Published: April 2024

The frequency and temperature-related dielectric relaxation and electrical conduction mechanisms in potassium-doped CaFe2O4 oxide ceramic were investigated in this study throughout a temperature range of 313–673 K.
Preparation of N-MG-modified PVDF-CTFE substrate composite nanofiltration membrane and its selective separation of salt and dye
Authors: Pan Xinyu , Pan Jian , Li Zhuoqun , Gai Wenqiang , Dong Guangshun , Huang Min , Huang Lilan
Published: April 2024

N-Methylglucamine (N-MG) was introduced to poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (PVDF-CTFE) porous substrate membrane to enhance its hydrophilicity and permeability, leading to the preparation of a composite NF membrane with selective separation performance for many dyes and salts.
Resistance and durability of fly ash based geopolymer for heavy metal immobilization: properties and mechanism
Authors: Ren Xupicheng , Wang Fan , He Xiang , Hu Xiaomin
Published: April 2024

This study employed geopolymerization technique to solidify MSWI fly ash, aiming to facilitate its reutilization. The FA based geopolymers exhibit strong durability and mechanical qualities, making them suitable for a variety of applications.
Fluorinated carbon as high-performance cathode for aqueous zinc primary batteries
Authors: Xu Congping , Zhang Liang , Liu Fupeng , Zhang Ruding , Yue Hongjun
Published: April 2024

Fluorinated carbon was employed as a cathode active substance for aqueous zinc batteries for the first time.
CFD simulation of silica dispersion/natural rubber latex mixing for high silica content rubber composite production
Authors: Phumnok Ekaroek , Saetiao Phonsan , Bumphenkiattikul Panut , Rattanawilai Sukrittira , Khongprom Parinya
Published: April 2024

The impeller configuration significantly influences on the hydrodynamics and mixing performance. The optimum design is the Ruston turbine with six blades set at 45 angle. The Norwood and Metzner scaling criteria is reliable to scale up of natural latex containing high silica content stirred tank.
Gamma-irradiated stibnite thin films set a remarkable benchmark performance for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Chihi Adel
Published: April 2024

The study sets out to show the positive impact of sulfur vacancy engineering on the structural, morphological, optical, electrical, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of Sb2S3 films synthesized using the spin coating technique.
Progress of research on the bonding-strength improvement of two-layer adhesive-free flexible copper-clad laminates
Authors: Tang Wanqi , Liu Yuxi , Jing Xianghai , Hou Jinsong , Zhang Qianfeng , Jian Chongguang
Published: April 2024

Bond strength of two-layer adhesive-free flexible copper-clad laminate is an important factor that directly affects the stability and reliability of electronic devices.
Electrochemical oxidative radical cascade cyclization of dienes and diselenides towards the synthesis of seleno-benzazepines
Authors: Hu Ling , Zhang Jingyi , Li Minghan , Feng Yulin , Lu Fangling
Published: April 2024

An electrochemical approach to access seleno-benzazepines through an oxidative radical cascade cyclization of dienes with diselenides under metal-free, external oxidant-free and base-free conditions.
Performance and application boundary analysis of a solar PV/T heat pump system
Authors: Han Yuhang , Feng Lejun , Fu Zhihao , Sui Jun
Published: April 2024

In this study, the applicable boundary of a solar PV/T heat pump system is determined based on system modelling and analysis, and the entire life cycle carbon emission reductions of the system are calculated.
Sb-enhanced Cs3Cu2I5 scintillators for ionizing radiation detection
Authors: Li Yuwei , Tang Haitao , Yu Bin , Wang Zhu , He Gaokui , Lin Qianqian
Published: April 2024

Lead-free perovskite composites were prepared by in situ doping and crystallization. The optimized scintillators achieved improved stability, light yield and transparency, which resulted high X-ray sensitivity and low detection limit.
Evaluation of Masseteric Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Patients With Migraine
Authors: Tas Elibol Nida , Behmen Meliha Başöz , Terlemez Şengül , Konukseven Özlem
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

Masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (mVEMP) involve the connection between the vestibular complex and trigeminal nerve nuclei. Given the theory that migraine is caused by increased activation of the trigeminal nerve, it is believed that mVEMP responses may have influenced in migraine patients.

Method:

The study included 20 individuals with migraine and 20 healthy controls. Latency, amplitude, and interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio of mVEMP responses recorded in migraine patients were compared with control group.

Results:

Considering the mVEMP normalization study conducted by Başöz et al. (2021) in a similar age group and in the same clinic, latency prolongation and amplitude decrease were observed in subjects with migraines. Migraine is considered a central pathology, as shown in the cervical and ocular VEMP (cVEMP/oVEMP) literature. No difference was observed in the interaural amplitude asymmetry ratio, which is important in peripheral pathologies. Additionally, when the number of pathological ears was examined in order to understand the total exposure, it was observed that the number of pathological ears was significantly higher in the migraine group.

Conclusion:

In future studies, using mVEMP together with cVEMP and oVEMP tests, which allow evaluation of otolith organs and vestibular nuclei, will be valuable in determining the lesion location.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25607901
Literacy Coursework in Speech-Language Pathology Graduate Programs: An Exploration of 50 Programs
Authors: Yi Julia J. , Erickson Karen A.
Published: April 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to examine the occurrence of preservice literacy coursework in a sample of graduate speech-language pathology programs in the United States and to investigate the relationship between the likelihood that programs offered literacy coursework and (a) geographical region, (b) Carnegie Classification of research activity, and (c) U.S. News & World Report ranking.

Method:

Course offerings were analyzed from a sample of 50 accredited speech-language pathology graduate programs that were selected through stratified random sampling using the strata of U.S. geographical regions and the Carnegie Classification of research activity.

Results:

Only 28% (
n
= 14) of the programs in the sample offered a course dedicated to literacy, 42% (
n
= 22) offered a course that embedded literacy content, and 14% (
n
= 7) offered both a course dedicated to literacy and a course that embedded literacy content. Descriptions of courses dedicated to literacy were at least 60% more likely to specifically reference training in literacy assessment or intervention than the descriptions of courses that embedded literacy content. Region, Carnegie Classification, and U.S. News & World Report ranking did not significantly predict the likelihood of programs offering literacy courses.

Conclusion:

This study corroborates surveys of speech-language pathologists regarding their preservice literacy training and reveals the continued need to increase preservice coursework focused on literacy in speech-language pathology graduate programs, ideally through courses that are dedicated to literacy and address both literacy assessment and treatment.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25607769
Energy loss analysis of volute centrifugal pump handling non-Newtonian emulsions through entropy production theory
Authors: Achour Lila , Specklin Mathieu , Asuaje Miguel , Kouidri Smaine , Belaidi Idir
Published: April 2024

Flow losses in centrifugal pumps handling non-Newtonian fluids are of great importance for design optimization, performance prediction, and energy savings. Traditional methods are very limited in determining energy losses due to the complex rheological behavior of such fluids. This study aims to investigate the hydraulic losses and performance degradation mechanism of centrifugal volute pumps handling non-Newtonian emulsions using the entropy production method, focusing on the influence of emulsion type on the loss mechanism. The influence of pump size on fluid’s non-Newtonian behavior and energy loss in a centrifugal pump is also investigated by comparing the entropy distribution in two geometrically similar pumps operating with different emulsions exhibiting shear-thinning behavior. The flow field and entropy production are predicted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations coupled with the k-epsilon turbulence model. The latter is used to acquire the dissipative entropic components of the flow. The results showed that for a non-Newtonian fluid, energy loss occurs primarily in the impeller, regardless of pump size and flow rate. In addition, the shear-thinning behavior of concentrated emulsions significantly affects hydraulic losses, especially in small-size pumps. Most importantly, small-size pumps generate relatively the highest entropy loss over the entire flow range and the entropy loss increases with the lower limit of the non-Newtonian plateau. This approach showed that the predominance of losses in centrifugal volute pumps operating with non-Newtonian fluids depends on the pump size. Thus, indicating that the hydrodynamic characteristics of two geometrically similar pumps do not scale when the liquid has non-Newtonian rheology.
Advancements and Transformations in Educational System Reforms
Authors: Zhao Shanbei , Yi Li , Fan Pengjun , Wu Shengxuan
Published: April 2024

Education serves as a foundational cornerstone of society, exerting a profound influence on both individuals and nations. In the 21st century, the urgency of reforming and innovating education systems has reached unprecedented levels. This imperative arises from the lightning-fast pace of technological progress, the dynamic evolution of societal demands, and the ever-changing landscape of pedagogical theories. These factors collectively underscore the imperative of adapting education systems to confront the multifaceted challenges of the contemporary world. This essay explores diverse facets of education system reform and innovation, delving into their significance, outlining pivotal strategies, and illuminating the potential advantages they hold. As we navigate this era of profound change, the transformation of education becomes not merely a necessity but a beacon of hope, guiding us toward a future of empowered individuals and thriving nations.
The Examination of the Educational Value of Study Tours from the Perspective of “Double Reduction” Policy--A Case Study of Middle Schools in Zhoushan City
Authors: Yao Liuyi , Zhu Zijian , Hong Shuangyan
Published: April 2024

Study tour is part of the comprehensive practical course of middle schools, is the organic combination of in-school education and out-of-school education, and an innovative move from knowledge transfer to quality education in the transformation of China’s basic education. With the landing of the “Double Reduction” policy in 2021, the market for study tours has also seen significant changes. Based on the analysis of the opportunities and challenges brought by the “double reduction” policy, the article re-exams the fundamental significance of study tours, educational value, and puts forward corresponding suggestions for the problems existing in the study tour market in Zhoushan City, hoping to promote high-quality education and standardized development of study tours and deepen the cognition of the educational value for the general public at the same time.
The Study on the Method of Introduction, Transition, and Summary Techniques in University Classroom Teaching
Authors: Chen Bowen
Published: April 2024

To address prominent issues in classroom teaching such as rote content and dull and tasteless results, this article analyzes the basic methods of introducing, transitioning, and summarizing classroom teaching based on the characteristics of history courses. Firstly, the necessity of teaching introduction, transition, and summary was analyzed. Secondly, four basic introduction methods were proposed, including scaled down introduction, scaled up introduction, parallel introduction, and conditional introduction. Then, four basic transition methods were proposed, including point to point transition, point to surface transition, surface to point transition, and surface to surface transition. Finally, three basic summary methods were analyzed, including inductive summary, continuation, and refinement. This article provides examples of various methods, aiming to cover the overall content of the course and the universality of the methods, and to achieve the effect of drawing analogies.
Examining the Impact of Blended Learning on Test Scores: A Statistical Analysis Using an ANOVA Model
Authors: Zhang Jing , Guo Yinan
Published: April 2024

Blended learning has gained popularity due to its unique teaching methods and integration of information technology. The increasing interest in blended learning and the need to evaluate its impact on student outcomes serve as the driving forces for this study. In order to examine the effectiveness of blended learning, the authors have chosen the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method as the analytical framework based on its suitability for comparing means across different groups and identifying significant factors that influence test scores. The results of the study indicate that test scores are significantly impacted by blended learning.