bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Versus Safety: Understanding the Logics of Cultural Narratives Influencing Concussion Reporting Behaviors
Authors: Ruston Scott W. , Kamrath Jessica K. , Zanin Alaina C. , Posteher Karlee , Corman Steven R.
Published: August 2018

Athlete safety and concussion injury have garnered considerable attention recently, and appropriate evaluation of athletes following head impacts depends, in part, on athletes’ self-reporting of the symptoms. The National Collegiate Athletic Association has focused primarily on concussion injury education to encourage self-reporting; however, such efforts have not been especially effective and many potential injuries continue to go unreported. This research investigates cultural narratives, derived from sports media and popular culture, and how their narrative logics contribute to the context in which student-athletes make head injury reporting decisions and how these narratives offer templates for understanding potential consequences. We argue that performance-oriented narratives are more prevalent and showcase pathways to more immediate satisfaction of desires or goals. Ultimately, we argue that not only does analysis of prevailing cultural narratives illuminate the context in which athletes make reporting decisions but also that such understanding could inform narrative-based interventions in order to emphasize and model recommended behaviors, such as injury reporting, and values, such as long-term brain health and player wellness.
Untangling International Sport Social Media Use: Contrasting U.S. and Chinese Uses and Gratifications Across Four Platforms
Authors: Billings Andrew C. , Broussard Ryan M. , Xu Qingru , Xu Mingming
Published: August 2018

This study of 409 sports fans from the United States and China contrasts uses sought and gratifications obtained within four different social media platforms: Facebook and Twitter (in the United States) and WeChat and Weibo (in China). Results indicated that each of the platforms function in starkly contrasting manners. In the United States, Facebook scored higher than Twitter on every motivational measure; in China, WeChat was found to be better at fostering camaraderie, entertainment, habitual use, and maintaining relationships, while Weibo was found to be better for arousal. Moreover, Chinese respondents reported higher gratifications obtained than American respondent on all 12 factors. Implications are offered for uses and gratifications research as well as sports media scholarship.
Psychopathy and Ratings of Persuasiveness: Examining Their Relations in Weaker and Stronger Contexts
Authors: Weiss Brandon M. , Lynam Donald R. , Miller Joshua D.
Published: August 2018

Previous work has demonstrated mostly null to small associations between boldness and externalizing behaviors associated with psychopathy. The present study replicated this finding and examined an alternate manner in which boldness may be relevant to the construct of psychopathy, namely by enhancing psychopathic individuals’ capacity for interpersonal manipulation. Using data collected from a Mechanical Turk sample, we measured persuasiveness using ratings of video-recorded product pitches and examined the relations between psychopathic and general traits and persuasiveness across weaker (improvised) and stronger (scripted) conditions. Boldness exhibited a small, positive relation with perceived persuasiveness in the improvised condition only; conversely, psychopathic traits related to antagonism/meanness and disinhibition exhibited small negative associations with persuasiveness and trust in the scripted condition. The results suggest that boldness may help individuals persuade others so as to achieve desired outcomes, although the effect was quite small in nature, whereas psychopathic individuals who are not high on boldness may need to use other tactics (e.g., intimidation, coercion) to manipulate others.
Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm: An Overview of Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Inayat Faisal , Ghani Ali Raza , Riaz Iqra , Ali Nouman Safdar , Sarwar Usman , Bonita Raphael , Virk Hafeez Ul Hassan
Published: August 2018

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a rare but life-threatening disorder that is frequently reported secondary to myocardial infarction or cardiac surgery. In this article, we chronicle the case of a patient with no prior risk factors who presented with a 2-week history of nonexertional atypical left chest pain. Apical 2-chamber transthoracic echocardiography revealed an unexpected outpouching of basal inferoseptal wall of the left ventricle, which had a narrow neck and relatively wide apex. The patient was diagnosed with left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and medical therapy was initiated. He refused to undergo the surgical intervention and subsequently, he was discharged from the hospital in stable condition. This article illustrates that physicians should be vigilant for atypical presentations of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm, and a high index of suspicion should be maintained for this stealth killer while performing appropriate diagnostic imaging. Additionally, we review the currently available approaches to diagnosis and management in these patients.
Predictors of Pain and Functional Outcomes After the Nonoperative Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Jain Nitin B. , Ayers Gregory D. , Fan Run , Kuhn John E. , Baumgarten Keith , Matzkin Elizabeth , Higgins Laurence D.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Optimal patient selection is key to the success of nonoperative treatment for rotator cuff tears.

Purpose:

To assess the predictors of pain and functional outcomes in a longitudinal cohort of patients undergoing nonoperative treatment.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

A multicenter cohort of patients with rotator cuff tears undergoing nonoperative treatment was recruited from March 2011 to February 2015. Patients completed a detailed health questionnaire, completed standardized shoulder questionnaires including the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and underwent magnetic resonance imaging. In addition to baseline assessments, patients received follow-up questionnaires at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. Longitudinal mixed models were used to test predictors of the SPADI score, and interactions with time were assessed.

Results:

In our cohort of 70 patients, being married as compared with being single/divorced/widowed ( P = .02), a shorter duration of symptoms ( P = .02), daily shoulder use at work that included light or no manual labor versus moderate or heavy manual labor ( P = .04), alcohol use of 1 to 2 times per week or more as compared with 2 to 3 times per month or less ( P = .007), and absence of fatty infiltration ( P = .0009) were significantly associated with decreased SPADI scores (improved shoulder pain and disability) over time. When interactions with time were assessed, having a college level of education or higher compared with less than a college education showed a differential effect over time, with those with a college level of education or more having lower SPADI scores ( P = .004). Partial-thickness tear versus full-thickness tear also had an interaction with follow-up duration, such that those with a partial-thickness tear had lower SPADI scores ( P = .0002).

Conclusion:

Longitudinal predictors of better outcomes of the nonoperative treatment of rotator cuff tears included being married, having at least a college education, shorter duration of symptoms, light or manual labor in daily work, alcohol use of 1 to 2 times per week or more, partial-thickness tear, and absence of fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff. Our results suggest that nonoperative treatment should be performed early for optimal outcomes. These data can be used to select optimal candidates for the nonoperative treatment of rotator cuff tears and to assist with patient education and expectations before treatment.
Characteristics of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae genotype in genetic background for the elderly in two tertiary hospitals in China
Authors: Liu Chao , Guo Jun
Published: August 2018

Background

Aerobactin is a critical factor for the hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp), but data for the aerobactin-positive genotype of hvKp in elderly persons with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is limited. The purpose of this study is to understand the risk factors and characteristics of the hvKp genotype for elderly patients with VAP.

Methods

A retrospective study of 73 elderly patients with Kp was conducted from November 2008 to December 2017 in two tertiary hospitals. The clinical and microbiological data, including inflammatory reaction, nutritional status, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, string test, extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) production, virulence-associated gene (capsular serotype-specific gene and rmpA/A2,magA,aerobaction) and multilocus sequence typing, of the hvKp group defined as aerobactin positive were compared with those of classic Kp strains.

Results

Of 73 Kp isolates, 46.6% were hvKp. ST23 is highly prevalent in two hospitals but is not highly associated with hvKp in different hospitals. Additionally, ST23, ST37 and ST2906 are more likely to induce lethal VAP. Most hvKp strains are sensitive to common antibiotics, but the number of multidrug-resistant (MDR) hvKp is increasing. Importantly, 38.2% of hvKp isolates produced ESBLs. Hypermucoviscosity and virulence-associated genes (K1,magA and rmpA/A2) were highly clustered in the hvKp group (P < 0.001). Cancer (P = 0.004), digestive disease (P = 0.038) and surgery (P = 0.023) within 1 month are strongly associated with the VAP-hvKp group. The incidence of septic shock (P = 0.016) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores (P < 0.001) are significantly higher in the hvKp group. Multivariate analysis indicated that cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 5.365) is an independent risk factor for VAP-hvKp infection.

Conclusions

The morbidity for elderly patients with VAP due to hvKp is high. MDR-HvKp is emerging, which is a great challenge for clinical practice.
Tumor vasculature: a sally port for inhibiting cancer cell spreading
Authors: Qian Chao‐Nan , Pezzella Francesco
Published: August 2018

The close relationship between metastasis and establishment of tumor vasculature has inspired enormous research interests aiming to suppress metastasis via inhibiting the development of tumor vasculature. International experts gathered in Guangzhou, China on May 10–12, 2018 in The 4th International Meeting of Cancer and Blood Vessels to discuss the multiple ways for solid tumors to establish their vasculature. Vessel co‐option is a mean by which a solid tumor takes advantage of the existing or newly induced blood vessels in the surrounding normal tissues to sustain tumor growth and metastasis. The underlying mechanisms of vessel co‐option, the roles of pericyte, and the potential novel therapeutic targets have been discussed in the meeting.
Disparities in Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women With Disabilities: A National Database Study in South Korea
Authors: Shin Dong Wook , Lee Jeong-Won , Jung Jin Hyung , Han Kyungdo , Kim So Young , Choi Kui Son , Park Jong Heon , Park Jong Hyock
Published: August 2018

Purpose

Using the linked administrative database in Korea, we investigated (1) whether cervical cancer screening participation differed by the presence of varying degrees and types of disability; (2) trends in the cervical cancer screening rate relative to disabilities over time; and (3) factors associated with cervical cancer screening.

Methods

We linked national disability registration data with national cancer screening program data. Age-standardized participation rates were analyzed for each year during the period 2006 to 2015, according to the presence, type, and severity of disabilities. Factors associated with undergoing cervical cancer screening were examined by multivariate logistic regression with the most current data (ie, 2014 to 2015).

Results

The age-adjusted screening rate for cervical cancer screening in women with disabilities increased from 20.8% in 2006% to 42.1% in 2015 (change, +21.3%); however, among women without disabilities, it increased from 21.6% to 53.5% (change: +31.9%) during that time. Disability was associated with a lower screening rate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.72). Screening rates were markedly lower in women with severe disabilities (aOR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.42) and women with autism (aOR, 0.06; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.11), intellectual disability (aOR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.26), brain injury (aOR, 0.311; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.32), ostomy (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.38), or mental disorder (aOR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.44).

Conclusion

Despite the availability of free screening, a significant disparity was found in cervical cancer screening participation, especially in women with severe disabilities and those with mental disabilities. The identification of barriers associated with decreased screening rates in women with disabilities has important implications for the design of tailored interventions and health care policies to improve cervical cancer screening and outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Unusual Headache Disorders
Authors: Starling Amaal Jilani
Published: August 2018

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Unusual headache disorders are less commonly discussed and may be misdiagnosed. These headache disorders frequently have a benign natural history; however, without reassurance, therapeutic education, and treatment, they can negatively affect the health and function of patients.

RECENT FINDINGS

This article reviews the clinical features, diagnosis, workup, and proposed treatments for several unusual headache disorders including primary cough headache, primary headache associated with sexual activity, primary exercise headache, cold-stimulus headache, primary stabbing headache, nummular headache, hypnic headache, and headache attributed to travel in space. Exploding head syndrome is also discussed, which is a sleep disorder commonly confused with a headache disorder.

Unusual headache disorders are usually benign, yet without the correct diagnosis can be very worrisome for many patients. Through greater awareness of these headache disorders, neurologists can evaluate and effectively manage unusual headache disorders, which offers significant benefits to patients and practice satisfaction to neurologists.
Acute Treatment of Migraine
Authors: Vargas Bert B.
Published: August 2018

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This article provides a framework to help providers formulate a plan for the acute treatment of migraine. Topics covered include the cost-effective patient-centered approach known as stratified care and a summary of evidence-based treatment options that are currently available. Strategies for improving treatment response, troubleshooting suboptimal results, and addressing the needs of special populations are also reviewed.

RECENT FINDINGS

Both the American Headache Society and the Canadian Headache Society have released evidence-based assessments and reviews of acute treatments for migraine that can be used to help guide treatment decisions. Although several older medications have been re-released with new formulations or new delivery systems, several new medications have also become available or are in the final phases of study, further increasing the number of options available for patients.

The acute management of migraine should incorporate a stratified care model in concert with evidence-based treatment options. The response to treatment should be monitored regularly, and measures should be taken to identify suboptimal tolerability or efficacy.
Diagnostic value of iterative reconstruction algorithm in low kV CT angiography (CTA) with low contrast medium volume for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) planning: image quality and radiation dose exposure
Authors: Talei Franzesi Cammillo R , Ippolito Davide , Riva Luca , Fior Davide , Cangiotti Cecilia , Sironi Sandro
Published: August 2018

Objective:

To evaluate image quality and radiation dose exposure of low-kV (100 kV) and low contrast medium (CM) volume CT angiography (CTA) in patients candidate to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), in comparison with standard CTA protocol.

Methods:

79 patients candidate for TAVI were prospectively enrolled in this study and examined with 256-MDCT. 42 patients were evaluated using study-group protocol (100 kV; whole-body retrospective ECG-gating; with 50 ml of CM; iterative reconstruction algorithm) while 37 patients underwent a standard CTA study (120 kV; ECG-gating for chest; 100 ml of CM; FBP reconstruction). Overall image quality was evaluated using a 4-point scale. Vascular enhancement (HU) was then assessed in each patient by manually drawing multiple ROIs in lumen of 7 segments of the whole aorta. The radiation dose exposure of both groups was calculated and all data were compared and statistically analyzed.

Results:

On low-kV protocol, higher mean attenuation values were achieved in all the measurements as compared to standard protocol. There were no significant differences in the image quality evaluation in both groups. Mean radiation dose value of study group was significantly lower than in control group (reduction of 20%).

Conclusion:

Low kV and low CM volume CTA protocols allow TAVI planning to be carried out with high quality images and a significant reduction in the radiation dose as compared to the standard CTA protocol.

Advances in knowledge:

Low-kV CTA for pre-operative assessment of patients candidates for TAVI, permits to achieve a significant reduction of radiation dose exposure and contrast medium volume, reducing the risk of contrast induced nephropathy.
Direct quantification of 3′ terminal 2′-O-methylation of small RNAs by RT-qPCR
Authors: Wang Nan , Qu Shuang , Sun Wu , Zeng Ziyi , Liang Hongwei , Zhang Chen-Yu , Chen Xi , Zen Ke
Published: August 2018

Modification of nucleotides significantly increases the diversity of functional nucleic acids. As one of the most common modifications of RNAs, methylation of the 2′-hydroxyl-group of ribonucleotides (2′-O-methylation) has been found in various RNAs in eukaryotes. However, due to the lack of an efficient method for quantifying small RNA 3′ terminal 2′-O-methylation, it is difficult to monitor the dynamic change of 3′ terminal 2′-O-methylation during various biological processes. Capitalizing on the finding that 3′ terminal RNA 2′-O-methylation can inhibit the activity of poly(A) polymerase, an enzyme that can add the poly(A)-tail to RNA, we develop a method by which the 2′-O-methylation level of small RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), can be directly quantified based on the poly(A)-tailed RT-qPCR technique. With this method, we successfully determine the 2′-O-methylation level of miRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana and mouse lung tissue, piRNA in human seminal plasma, and monitor the alteration of miRNA 2′-O-methylation in Drosophila Schneider 2 cells after knockdown of Drosophila methyltransferase protein Hua enhancer 1 (DmHen-1).
Geological Structure and Evolution of Kefallonia and Ithaki islands
Authors: ΛΕΚΚΑΣ Ε. , ΔΑΝΑΜΟΣ Γ. , ΜΑΥΡΙΚΑΣ Γ.
Published: August 2018

This paper deals with the geological formations and the fades of the sediments that appear in Kefallonia and Ithaki islands. Kefallonia is built by formations that belong to the units of Paxos and Ionian while Ithaki is mainly dominated by carbonate sediments of Ionian unit. Furthermore, younger formations lay uncomformably upon the previous alpine formations while both in Kefallonia and Ithaki islands a lower marine and an upper continental sequence are observed. The structure of Kefalonia and Ithaki islands is the result of a string of successive tectonic compressional episodes, among which extensional episodes that hosted gravitational movements have taken place. These tectonic compressional episodes are characterised by reverse faults, thrusts and folds while structures due to gravity correspond to faults with normal or oblique-normal offset. Strike slip faults are also present. On both sides of fault surfaces, block movements are responsible for shoreline uplift or submergence, remarkable incision on upthrown blocks, deflection of drainage network, and so on. Each block is particularly described below. Based on the geometric and kinematic data of tectonic discontinuities, the main stages of Kefallonia and Ithaki islands tectonic evolution are presented from the Up.Miocene - L.Pliocene until the Present.
Quaternary geology, geomorphology and tectonics in the Ogosta river valley system, the Danubian plain (Bulgaria)
Authors: ANGELOVA D.
Published: August 2018

The Quaternary in the Ogosta River valley system (the Danubian plain) is represented by various genetic types of continental Quaternary sediments (eolian, alluvial, deluvial, proluvial). They lie on a diverse pre-Quaternary base. It is uneven and with various denudation. The accepted correlation schemes are based on local data in which the tectonic factor and duration of deformation have not been accounted for. The present work considers the complex results obtained during the investigation of the Quaternary sediments and formations. The filling consists of clayey-sandy or calcareous-sandy materials, coloured in rusty nuances by iron hydroxides. Their age has been determined on the basis of the found fauna: Elephas meridionalis Nesti,Anancus arvernensis Cr. et Gob (Bakalov, Nikolov, 1962).
Geochronological and structural investigations of the Northern Pelagonian crystalline zone. Constraints from K/Ar and zircon and apatite fission track dating
Authors: MOST T. , FRISCH W. , DUNKL I. , KADOSA B. , BOEV B. , AVGERINAS A. , KILIAS A.
Published: August 2018

The northern part of the Pelagonian Zone experienced a polyphase deformation and metamorphism. Four groups of K/Ar biotite and white mica ages document (I) Hercynian emplacement of plutonic rocks, (II) Eohellenic nappe stacking associated with penetrative deformation / recrystallisation, (III) a Paleocene event in the Mesocoic cover rocks in Greece and (IV) a westward movement of West Pelagonian nappes during Eocene to Oligocene time. First zircon/apatite fission track ages clustering around 70 Ma and 45 to 30 Ma.
The morphoneotectonic structure of Parnis Mt. (Attica, Greece)
Authors: ΜΑΡΙΟΛΑΚΟΣ Η. , ΦΟΥΝΤΟΥΛΗΣ Ι. , ΣΙΔΕΡΗΣ Χ. , ΧΑΤΟΥΠΗΣ Θ.
Published: August 2018

The morphoneotectonic study of the Parais' mountain showed that the higher planation surfaces lay at the central area of the eastern Parais, while the rest of them lay lower towards the north, south and west, giving the impression of a mega-anticlinic structure, in accordance to the east-west trending water divide of the mountain. In addition, the open folds of the L. Cretaceous carbonates with axes trending E-W, appear to have folded the older isoclinal or closed folds whose axes plunge northwards or southwards respectively. The contour-map of the contact between the L. Cretaceous carbonates and the underlying formations (originally an unconformity, but now only observed as a thrust surface) reveals that this contact is curved in a mega-anticline shape, with an axis trending approximately E-W, and plunging westwards. Thus, we conclude that Parais Mt. is a complicated morphoneotectonic structure due to a long term active brittle-ductile deformation, expressed as a mega-anticline of an E-W axis with active fault zones with respective strike.
Kinematic analysis and tertiary evolution of the Lesvos ophiolites and metamorphic sole (Aegean sea, Greece)
Authors: MOUNTRAKIS D. , THOMAIDOU E. , ZOUROS N. , KILIAS A.
Published: August 2018

In Lesvos Island, the ophiolites and the metamorphic sole are emplaced onto the Permo-Triassic continental margin rocks. New field data on the Tertiary kinematics distinguished three successive tectonic events that affected the Lesvos ophiolites and sole. The Dl compressional event took place in Late Eocene - Early Oligocene and produced several thrust sheets and their stacking over the continental margin. The thickening of the crust after the Dl event, was followed by an important extensional tectonic event (D2) in semi-ductile conditions in Oligocene-Early Miocene times, which produced the uplift process of the orogen and the lateral rejection of the tectonic nappes through large extensional semi-ductile faults of low angle (detachment faults) and caused the exhumation of the underlying continental margin rocks in the form of a tectonic window. This extensional tectonic event led to the thinning of the crust in the wider area of Lesvos and probably caused the Early Miocene volcanic activity. The last D3 extensional tectonic event, took place in brittle conditions and represents the neotectonic regime in Late Miocene-Recent times.
Small scale contractional-extensional structures and morphotectonics along the fault traces of Izmit-Cocaeli (Turkey) 1999 earthquake
Authors: TUTKUN Z. , PAVLIDES S.
Published: August 2018

The Mw=7.4 Izmit (Kocaeli) earthquake of August 17, 1999 (Turkey) ruptured 100 km at least surface faults on land along the northwestern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). Although the preexisting structures of NAFZ has been divided into segments, showing stepover and pull apart geometry, the earthquake ruptures are generally linear, E-W striking (N80°-100°), right-lateral. In small scale and on the recent sediments they show very typical strike-slip displacements (2 to 5m), pop-ups and pressure ridges (N 40- 70°), Ρ (N80°), R (N100-1100) and R' (~N350°) Riedel shears, extensional cracks (N115°-135°), restraining and releasing bends and small pull apart structures. In the epicentral area (Gölcük-Tepetarla) the seismic ruptures did not follow any known or previously mapped fault, but the morphology and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) show typical and recognizable paleo-earthquake features. That is elongated valleys, shutter ridges, high angle slopes, scarplets, stream offset; while trenching tectonostratigraphy indicate palaeo sag-ponds (clayly deposits) and palaeo liquefaction (C14 dating-Holocene-historical deposits 200 to 11,000 yr. BP).
Study of delta formation factors at Central Greece
Authors: ΚΑΡΥΜΠΑΛΗΣ Ε. , ΤΕΓΟΥ Μ. , ΤΣΑΛΚΙΤΖΗ Ο.
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between morphological features of the drainage basins of seven Greek rivers (Pinios, Sperchios, Evinos, Acheloos, Arachthos, Louros and Kalamas) and features of their deltas. The Greek mainland is an area with suitable conditions for delta development (high relief, high precipitation, high sediment load, shallow, tectonically inactive, gulfs). Large Greek deltas include wetlands of great environmental importance as well as important areas of great socioeconomic significance. The above rivers have been considered in the present investigation because they all have formed extensive deltas. Furthermore their catchment areas are located entirely within Greece so it was easy to collect elements of great importance about the morphology, the geology and the climate conditions of the studied areas. The morphometric parameters of the drainage basins (drainage basin area, perimeter, total channel length within the basin, contour length within the basin)) were measured using topographic maps at a scale of 1:200.000. The morphological features of the deltaic formations (area of the delta, length of the channel within the deltaic plain) were measured from topographic maps at a scale of 1:50.000. Furthermore morphometric parameters such as drainage density, drainage frequency, slope of the valley and circularity were estimated. In order to determine the influence of the basin lithology upon the evolution of the deltas, the rocks were grouped in five types according to their hydrogeological behavior. A positive correlation between morphometric features of the drainage basins such as the basin area and the length of the main channel of the river and the area of the delta was confirmed while deviation such as the case of Pinios and Louros were determined. The same positive correlation was observed for the slope of the valley and the area of the delta. Elongated basins with rough relief tend to form extensive deltaic formations. Thus is confirmed the importance of the fluvial sediment supply for the evolution and progradation of the Greek deltas. Human activities are another important factor for the future of the deltas. The construction of dams in the upper reaches of the basins caused dramatic reduction in the sediment flux. Human interference includes also the draining of marshy areas, cultivation, fisheries, the artificial diversion and confinement of the main river channel. Another long term natural hazard that will affect the deltaic environment is the projected 34cm sea level rise by the year 2100. It is estimated that the total area of the studied delta that will be inundated by the sea until that year is about 112,7km2.
Data base and erosion risk map creation at Trichonida lake using fuzzy sets and G.I.S.
Authors: ΣΑΜΠΩ Β. , ΓΚΟΥΡΝΕΛΟΣ Θ. , ΕΥΕΛΠΙΔΟΥ Ν. , ΒΑΣΙΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Α.
Published: August 2018

Trichonida lake has an area of 96,17Km2 and is situated at Etoloakarnania prefecture. In this study a data base has been developed, on geological, geomorphological and environmental data, concerning the wider zone around Trichonida lake. Different thematic maps have been created, using as input variables, the GIS database fields and the statistical analysis output from the MathLab software. Using MathLab software, the primary data has been transformed into fuzzy data sets and for each drainage basin an erodibility value was calculated. The final thematic map, present the erodibility values of each drainage basin. Such geographical GIS databases may be used in local or regional level for the study of erodibility problems, the development of thematic maps and moreover to decision support systems.
The Palaokarst of Chios and Pholegandros - types of widespread karst generations in Greece
Authors: RIEDL H.
Published: August 2018

In contrast to the Miocene polje karst (Chios) with deeply incised v-shaped valleys and kehltôler the Plio/Pleistocene polje karst (Pholegandros) is marked by the association of pediments, glacis and coastal marginal pediments. Moreover the axes of the karst basins don't reach some decakilometers like in the case of the Miocene poljes, but only a few kilometers of length. Typical of the Plio/Pleistocene karst is the absence of open ponors and often dominates the diffuse drying up of the winterly precipitation on allochthonous sandy clay-fillings of the polje's bottom. The genesis of both palaeokarst types is closely controlled by the palaeoclimate
Geomorphic evolution of the upper reaches of the drainage basin of Acheloos river
Authors: ΛΥΚΟΥΔΗ Ε.
Published: August 2018

The scope of this study work is to give an insight into the dynamic processes which shape the relief in the drainage basin of the upper reaches the Acheloos river, so that the geomorphological and geodynamical evolution of the region in the past can be approached, together with a possible prediction. For this reason, the relationships between the relief and the endogenic and exogenic factors are sought. The investigated area is made up of geological formations that belong to the zones: "Ionian" (inner Ionian zone), "Gavrovo", "Pindos" and "Hyperpindos". There are also younger rocks (postalpine formations), together with some volcanic rocks. The main stream segment of Acheloos river was formed in the Upper-Middle Miocene, after the deposition of the flysch of "Gavrovo" and the tectonism of the zone. The structures were cut to a large extent by trace-slip faults, striking ENE-WSW, during the Middle-Upper Miocene. At the same time (Lower Miocene - Plio-Quaternary), in NW-Greece, is observed a horizontal clockwise rotation (45°). Finally, the region shows an expanding movement from North to South. Due to the above tectonic activity, the drainage basin shows a monoclinic structure with a westward displacement of the drainage pattern. The displacement increases from North to South. The displacement of the drainage pattern is also favoured by the presence of erodible rocks in the western part (flysch of "Gavrovo") and the general eastward dip of the strata. Neotectonic activity controls the river up to date, as it is inferred from the orientation of the stream segments, which follow the tectonic structure (lithological boundaries, faults, thrusts). The drainage pattern appears to be in an early mature stage. According to the quantitative geomorphological analysis data, the drainage pattern (mainly the west part of it) is in an unstable dynamic status. During Plio-Quaternary there were a few rejuvenating episodes, due to tectonic and climate changes. The present rejuvenated stage, which is more obvious in the southwestern part of the investigated area, is supported by morphotectonic data. Among them, the most remarkable are: a)the steep slopes (30-60 %), b)the negative deviation of "cummulative" area compared to ideal values, c)the slope flexions, which separate the new lower level from the old higher one.
The legal status, labor and daily graft of children in the second half of the XIX-early XX centuries
Authors: Синова Ирина , Sinova Irina
Published: August 2018

The monograph analyzes the legal status of the children of the working population, their work and daily graft in the urban society in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries.On concrete facts and examples are demonstrated that the children of the working population were often forced to independently resolve their own vital issues, experienced deprivations in everyday life, food, clothing, faced difficulties in obtaining education.Socialization of children was accelerated and sometimes accompanied by deviant behavior.
Simulation-based learning: a case study, Part 1
Authors: Dow Angela
Published: August 2018

Clinical simulation can be used in the university to provide an educational environment similar to that of the clinical area. Therefore, it is expected that simulation-based learning (SBL) will enable student midwives to apply their learning more easily when they return to the workplace ( Wilford and Doyle, 2006 ).

This is the first of three articles presenting the findings from a study to explore the real setting where there is opportunity to apply simulation.

A small scale qualitative instrumental case study consisting of midwifery lecturers, first year midwifery students and mentor midwives was undertaken. A conceptual framework informed the research questions in relation to how clinical simulation was perceived to prepare the student midwife for clinical practice, how it was utilised in the clinical situation and its influence on work-based learning. Methods of data collection included one-to-one interviews and focus groups. The main findings demonstrated that the application of clinical simulation was largely seen as a transfer of practical skills, even though a holistic approach to learning had initially taken place in the university. Other main themes centred on the realism associated with simulation and its preparatory value for clinical practice. There was also evidence to suggest that simulation supported the role of clinical mentors in practice and enhanced students' work-based learning.

Over the series of three articles, these main findings will be reported. In this first article, the findings are presented in relation to the role of SBL in preparing student midwives for practice placement.
The development of Response Strategies Scale (RSS): Validity and reliability study
Tepki Stratejileri Ölçeği’nin (TSÖ) geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: Asıcı Esra , Karaca Rengin
Published: August 2018

In this study it was aimed to develop a scale for determining response strategies to damaging acts of adolescents in interpersonal relations. In line with this aim, a-70-item trial form was constituted based on The Integrated Forgiveness Model suggested by Scobie and Scobie (1998). The study was conducted with 1255 high school students. The explanatory factor analysis revealed a construct with five factors which explains 51.29% variance of total score. These factors were named as “reinterpret self-concept”, “seek retribution” “seek revenge”, “pseudoforgiveness”, “forgiveness”. Item loads ranged from .47 to .82. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct with 28 items and 5 factors (S-BX2=1.66, RMSEA=.05, SRMR=.06, GFI=.90, AGFI=.87, NFI=.94, NNFI=.97, CFI=.98). Cronbach alpha coefficients varied between .65 and .90. In the study of criterion-related validity, it was determined that Response Strategies Scale was positively and significantly related with aggressive behaviors and problem solving subscales of conflict resolution behavior scale. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmada ergenlerin kişilerarası ilişkilerde yaşanan zarar verici eylemlerle başa çıkmada kullandıkları tepki stratejilerini belirlemek için bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Scobie ve Scobie’nin (1998) Bütünleştirilmiş Affetme Modeline dayalı olarak 70 maddelik bir deneme form oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma 1255 lise öğrencisiyle yürütülmüştür. Analizlerde açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyonu, ve Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısıyı teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları toplam varyansın %51.29’unu açıklayan beş faktörlü bir yapı ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu faktörler “benlik kavramını yeniden yorumlama”, “cezalandırma arayışı”, “intikam arayışı”, “sahte affetme” ve “affetme” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Madde faktör yüklerinin .47 ile .82 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktor analizi sonuçları 28 madde ve beş faktörden oluşan yapıyı doğrulamıştır (S-BX2=1.66, RMSEA=.05, SRMR=.06, GFI=.90, AGFI=.87, NFI=.94, NNFI=.97, CFI=.98). Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayılarının .65 ile .90 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik çalışmasında, Tepki Stratejileri Ölçeği ile çatışma çözme davranışlarını belirleme ölçeğinin saldırgan davranışlar ve problem çözme davranışları alt boyutları arasında ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Oxidation Activation Energy of Titanium Alloy Based on TiAl(γ) Intermetalic Phase
Authors: Małecka J.
Published: August 2018

The present paper deals with the analysis of the course of oxidation of the cyclic Ti-46Al-7Nb-0.7Cr-0.1Si-0.2Ni alloy in a hot air atmosphere in the temperature range of 875-975°C. The constant rates of the oxidation were determined (separately for the first and second stages of oxidation) and the energy of oxidation activation of the tested alloy was established. It was discovered that the oxidation process of the Ti-46Al-7Nb-0,7Cr-0.1Si-0.2Ni alloy develops according to the parabolic correlation, and it is only possible to determine the apparent energy of oxidation activation.
The Possibility of a Visual Analysis of the Failure of Butt Adhesive Joints Made with Different Glues
Authors: Komorek A. , Grygiel D. , Bieńczak R. , Godzimirski J.
Published: August 2018

The results of conducted by the authors of the article numerical analyzes, indicate the importance of normal stresses, perpendicular to the adhesive joint, during the impact destruction of block adhesive samples. This kind of stresses are responsible for the occurrence of tearing or chipping in a joint. The very significant influence of adhesion in the impact-bonded adhesive joint was the reason for testing this parameter in joints made with adhesives with different Young’s modulus. It was assumed that adhesives differing in stiffness will have different adhesive properties, which should affect the impact strength of the adhesive joints. It was also assumed that the adhesion in the joint can be assessed by analyzing the surfaces of joint damage. Cylindrical butt joints connected with various adhesives were used to carry out the tests, in which they were loaded on tear-off. The nature of tested joints damage was usually cohesive or cohesive-adhesive. The assessment of the nature of joint damage allowed to determine whether they were the result of the loss of cohesion by the adhesive (cohesive damage) or the effect of poor adhesion between the hardened joint and adherends (adhesive damage). The assessment of the nature of the destruction was carried out by three methods: visual, using an optical microscope and using an electron microscope. As a result of the carried out observations, it was found that the visual method is the least useful and not very reliable, especially in the case of transparent or low-contrast in relation to the glued material joints. The use of electron microscope allows to obtain the most reliable results, however, the possible magnification is too large and the assessment of the entire weld fracture is difficult because it does not fit in the field of observation. Observations conducted using optical microscopy at a slight magnification (5-10 times), in most cases allow to determine the nature of the destruction to a satisfactory degree, with limitations such as in the visual method.
Expert Evaluation of Consumer Properties of Probiotics Marketed in Ukraine
Authors: Chukhray Iryna , Bilushchak Halyna , Kolyasa Lubov , Tokar Olha , Datsko Andrij
Published: August 2018

On the basis of results of experimental evaluation by 88 doctors and 100 pharmacists, the availability of information for them on probiotics has been investigated; new sources of such information have been detected, experts’ attitude to new probiotics has been studied. In the course of administration or recommendation of probiotics, experts are, mainly, guided by standards of medical aid and by their own experience. The main favorable effects of probiotics on human organism, in respondents’ opinion, are the normalization of the content of intestinal microflora and the normalization of functioning of digestive tract of human, as well as antialergetic and immunomodeling action. It is found that the main indication for application of probiotics are the syndrome of irritation of intestine and associated with antibiotic diarrhea. The averaged estimation (in points) of medicines has been calculated according to the following parameters: effectiveness, safety, frequency of prescription. With this, the competence of the experts was taken into account. The results of the carried out experts’ estimation can be used for optimization of the system of choice of probiotics
Compressive loading experiment of non-roasted bulk oil palm kernels at varying pressing factors
Authors: Kabutey Abraham , Herak David , Mizera Cestmir , Hrabe Petr
Published: August 2018

Compression testing of non-roasted bulk oil palm kernels at different processing factors was performed using a universal compression testing machine and a pressing vessel witha plunger. The purpose of the research was to describe regression models of deformation, deformation energy and percentage kernel oil depending on force, speed and vessel diameter. The tested compression forces were 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 kN, while the speeds were 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mm min−1. Three pressing vessels of diameter 60, 80 and 100 mm were used. Samples were compressed at an initial height of 60 mm. For varying forces and vessel diameters at a constant speed of 5 mm min−1, the values of deformation, deformation energy and percentage kernel oil ranged from 28.47±0.89 to 37.45±0.11 mm, 796±0.82 to 1795±49.01 J and 7.33±0.26 to 25.67±0.39%. At a constant force of 200 kN for different speeds and vessel diameters; the aforementioned determined parameters also ranged from 31.91±1.61 to 37.63±1.21 mm, 1012±26.76 to 1795±49.01 J and 14.66±0.42 to 24.98±1.37%. The results were statistically significant (p<0.05) or (F-ratio>F-critical), with high coefficients of determination between 0.74 and 0.99. Thus, higher force at specific speed may be needed to maximally recover kernel oil.
Pubertal anabolic androgenic steroid exposure in male rats affects levels of gonadal steroids, mating frequency, and pregnancy outcome
Authors: Mohd Mutalip Siti Syairah , Shah Aishah Mohd , Mohamad Mashani , Mani Vasudevan , Hussin Siti Nooraishah , Surindar Singh Gurmeet Kaur
Published: August 2018

Background

Testosterone, nandrolone, and stanozolol are among the highly consumed anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs). Although the desired effects of AAS are being achieved by the abusers, unfortunately, this leads to numerous physical and physiological side effects. The present study was designed to investigate and determine whether early pubertal exposure to AAS treatment had detrimental effects on blood testosterone and estradiol concentrations, mating behavior, and pregnancy outcome during the pubertal period in male rats.

Materials

Early pubertal rats (PND41) were given two doses (2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg) each of testosterone, nandrolone, and stanozolol subcutaneously for 6 weeks. Upon completion, three rats with the highest weight were chosen from each group for mating with the females, in a ratio of one male to two females for 10 days. After 10 days, all male rats were sacrificed to obtain the testes for weight recording, and blood samples were collected for testosterone and estradiol quantitation. Pregnant females were housed separately until birth, and the number of offsprings produced was counted.

Results

The results clearly show a reduction in reproductive hormonal and behavioral parameters between testosterone and nandrolone, and testosterone and stanozolol. Stanozolol administration exhibited suppressing effects in all parameters including testicular weight deterioration, serum testosterone and estradiol reduction, low mating preferences, and declined pregnancy outcome.

Conclusions

AAS exposure during the onset of puberty results in reproductive detrimental effects, which are postulated to affect the pregnancy rate.
Wankel Engines for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Melnarowicz Władysław
Published: August 2018

The article presents the possibility of using a rotary piston engine, called the Wankel engine, to drive for unmanned aerial vehicles. It describes the principle of engine operation, its advantages and disadvantages. The article specifies the categories of drones to which these engines are dedicated. The author presents the modular Wankel engine of 5-120 hp for unmanned aerial vehicles, manufactured by Advanced Innovative Engeeniering.
Helmet-Mounted Attitude Control Algorithms of the Opto-Electronic Surveillance System for Aircraft Search and Rescue Actions
Authors: Szelmanowski Andrzej , Pazur Andrzej , Janik Paweł , Pietnoczko Bogdan
Published: August 2018

This article presents selected results of work concerning the errors modeling of helmet-mounted cueing systems used for guided weapon and opto-electronic surveillance systems target homing (for realizing aircraft search and rescue actions). There were described algorithms of helmet angular position determination on the basis of inertial and magnetic methods, moreover, the possibilities of their modification. On this background there were presented the authorial method of pilot’s helmet angular position determination dedicated for helmet-mounted cueing systems for fighter helicopters. The method is based on the pilot’s helmet and aircraft body linear accelerations measurements, which then are used for the current quaternion evaluation to describe the helmet position relatively to the aircraft. Simulation models were tested in Matlab-Simulink and Borland C++ computational packages for various pilot’s helmet space orientation using specialized rotation test stands.
On the characterization of Jensen m-convex polynomials
Authors: Lara Teodoro , Merentes Nelson , Quintero Roy , Rosales Edgar
Published: August 2018

The main objective of this research is to characterize all the real polynomial functions of degree less than the fourth which are Jensen m-convex on the set of non-negative real numbers. In the first section, it is established for that class of functions what conditions must satisfy a particular polynomial in order to be starshaped on the same set. Finally, both kinds of results are combined in order to find examples of either Jensen m-convex functions which are not starshaped or viceversa.