bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Five-year Consumer Protection Database Study Yielded Emergent Demographic and Dermatological Condition Information Associated with Rock Climbing for One Hundred and Sixty-Six Patients
Authors: Scheinkman Ryan , Pulumati Anika , Jean-Pierre Philippe , Mashoudy Kayla , Nouri Keyvan
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Rock climbing is a popular activity that poses various injury risks, including falls, equipment failures, physical stress from climbing, and contact with falling objects. We aimed to quantify emergent dermatological injuries and conditions
Methods: We used the NEISS database that collates data from over 100 emergency rooms and applied filters to analyze rock climbing injury and skin condition data from 2019 and 2023 for demographics, anatomical location, and types of injuries and conditions.
Results: A total of 166 patient vignettes with 186 injuries were included. The majority of the climbers with dermatological injuries were male (64%), with the most common injuries found to be contusions or abrasions (n = 109) and the most common injury sites being the upper extremities (n = 61) and the head/neck (n = 50).
Discussion: These results emphasize the need for targeted preventive measures to reduce the incidence of dermatological injuries among rock climbers, considering that the severity and impact of these injuries can be significant (e.g., lacerations) and prevalent in cosmetically sensitive areas (head/neck). Additional research should also be performed at ambulatory and outpatient settings to identify less emergent dermatological conditions associated with the sport and allow for appropriate guidance for those conditions.
Lebrikizumab Confirms a Consistent Safety Profile in Adults and Adolescents With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: ​ Data From 11 Trials With Over 3000 Patient-Years of Exposure
Authors: Stein Gold Linda , Simpson Eric , Thaçi Diamant , Irvine Alan , De Bruin-Weller Marjolein , Gallo Gaia , Buziqui Piruzeli Maria Lucia , Elmaraghy Hany , Zhong Jinglin , Montmayeur Sonia , Coll Ruth , Lebwohl Mark G.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: We provide updated long-term safety data for lebrikizumab in adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).  
Methods: Integrated data from 11 phase 2/3 clinical trials were summarized in 2 datasets: 1) All-placebo-controlled Week 0-16 (All-PC; lebrikizumab 250 mg every 2 weeks [LEBQ2W] vs placebo); and 2) All-LEB (includes patients who received ≥1 dose of lebrikizumab any time during the 11 studies). All-PC includes phase 3 studies ADvocate 1 and 2, ADhere, ADhere-J, ADopt-VA, and ADvantage, and phase 2b KGAF; All-LEB includes phase 3 ADore and ADjoin and phase 2 Treble and KGAH, in addition to those in All-PC. Percentage and exposure-adjusted incidence rates (IR)/100 patient-years exposure are provided for All-PC and All-LEB, with study-size adjusted for All-PC.  
Results: In All-PC, there were 719 patients (205.9 PYE) in the placebo group and 1251 (375.8 PYE) in the LEBQ2W group. All-LEB had 2415 patients (3167.8 PYE). In All-PC, the frequency of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was similar between treatment groups; most were nonserious and mild/moderate in severity and did not lead to treatment discontinuation. Frequencies of SAEs were low in All-PC (placebo, 1.7%; LEBQ2W, 1.2%), and IR decreased with longer lebrikizumab exposure (IR LEBQ2W in All-PC, 3.9; IR All-LEB, 2.9). One death was reported in the placebo group in All-PC and 4 deaths in All-LEB (no deaths were considered related to the study drug by investigators). The most frequently reported TEAE (Preferred Terms) in All-PC was atopic dermatitis (12.8%) for placebo and conjunctivitis (7.1%) for LEBQ2W. In the placebo-controlled period, frequencies of the following AEs were: conjunctivitis cluster (placebo, 3.0%; LEBQ2W, 11.7%), injection site reactions (placebo, 1.6%; LEBQ2W, 2.9%); and herpes zoster (placebo, 0.1%; LEBQ2W, 0.4%). Skin infections were reported less frequently with lebrikizumab (placebo, 6.0%; LEBQ2W, 2.4%). The IRs of the AEs of special interest decreased (conjunctivitis cluster, injection site reactions) or remained stable (herpes zoster) with increased exposure years to lebrikizumab.  
Conclusion: Results of this updated integrated safety analysis are consistent with previously reported data1 from the lebrikizumab clinical trial program. IRs of most TEAEs did not increase with longer duration of exposure to lebrikizumab in adolescents and adults with AD.
Lebrikizumab Improves Atopic Dermatitis and ​Quality of Life in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis Previously Treated With Dupilumab: ​ Results From the ADapt Trial
Authors: Silverberg Jonathan , Ackerman Lindsay , Bagel Jerry , Stein Gold Linda , Blauvelt Andrew , Rosmarin David , Chovatiya Raj , Zirwas Matthew , Yosipovitch Gil , Waibel Jill , Murase Jenny E. , Lockshin Ben , Weisman Jamie , Reck Atwater Amber , Proper Jennifer , Silk Maria , Pierce Evangeline , Buziqui Piruzeli Maria Lucia , Montmayeur Sonia , Schuster Christopher , Zhong Jinglin , Rueda Maria Jose , Pillai Sreekumar , Simpson Eric
Published: January 2025

ADapt (NCT05369403), an open-label, Phase 3b, 24-week study, evaluated the efficacy and safety of lebrikizumab (LEB) in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) previously treated with dupilumab (DUPI). Patients must have discontinued DUPI due to inadequate response (non-response, partial response, or loss of response), intolerance or an adverse event (AE), or other reasons. Four or more weeks after discontinuing DUPI, patients received a 500-mg LEB loading dose at Baseline and at Week 2 followed by 250 mg every 2 weeks through Week 16 (Q2W). At Week 16, responders (IGA 0 or 1 with ≥2-point improvement (IGA0,1) or EASI75 [primary endpoint]) received LEB 250 mg once every 4 weeks (Q4W); other patients continued with 250 mg Q2W. Q2W and Q4W data were pooled and analyzed as-observed and with nonresponder/multiple imputation (NRI/MI). Among 86 enrolled patients, 56% discontinued DUPI due to inadequate response, 16% due to intolerance/AEs to DUPI, and 28% for other reasons. For all patients, at Weeks 16 and 24, respectively, proportions of patients achieving: 1) EASI75: 57.4% and 60.0%, as-observed; 50.7% and 52.8% NRI/MI; 2) IGA0,1: 38.7% and 38.2%, as-observed; 35.6% and 36.8%, NRI/MI; 3) Face-IGA 0: 42% and 49%, as-observed; 4) Pruritus NRS ≥4-point improvement 53.2% and 61.5% as-observed; 48.8% and 47.9% NRI/MI; and 5) DLQI ≥4-point improvement 83.0% and 83.0% as-observed. The safety profile was consistent with other LEB Phase 3 trials. Four patients who discontinued DUPI due to conjunctivitis did not report conjunctivitis with LEB. 3.5% of patients reported treatment-emergent conjunctivitis.  In DUPI-experienced patients, treatment of moderate-to-severe AD with LEB resulted in meaningful improvements in skin clearance, itch, and quality of life.
Assessing Post-Inflammatory Pigmentation in Atopic Dermatitis: Reliability of the PDCA-Derm™
Authors: Alexis Andrew , Pierce Evangeline , Cohee Andrea , Su Sylvia , Reck Atwater Amber , Jose Rueda Maria , Montmayeur Sonia , Klooster Brittany , Lowe Caitlyn , Silverberg Jonathan
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, heterogeneous inflammatory disorder. After a flare-up, the affected skin may have areas of post-inflammatory hyper- or hypo-pigmentation (PIH). A new scale, the PDCA-Derm™, assesses PIH by comparing post-inflammatory lesions to adjacent normal skin. This single-item clinician-reported outcome measure addresses a key gap in AD skin assessment. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate qualitative and quantitative data obtained from healthcare providers (HCPs) on the suitability of the PDCA-Derm for use in patients with moderate-to-severe AD.
Methods: HCPs recruited were dermatologists who treat patients with moderate-to-severe AD. During individual 60-minute cognitive debriefing meetings, each HCP was asked about their interpretation of the instructions and response options of the PDCA-Derm, and their opinion on its suitability to capture changes in PIH in patients with moderate-to-severe AD of all skin tones. Using a series of photos (n=22), HCPs assessed PIH using the PDCA-Derm at 2 timepoints. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate intra- and inter-rater reliability.
Results: Ten HCPs, all holding a Doctor of Medicine as their highest degree, participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 51.4 years (standard deviation: 13.7), and over half (n=6) were female. Most HCPs reported having 11 or more years of experience practicing in dermatology (n=8). Six HCPs reported that 26–50% of both their patients overall and those with AD were patients with skin of color. PDCA-Derm instructions and response options were correctly interpreted by all HCPs, and all reported the response options were distinct from one another. Seven HCPs indicated the PDCA-Derm was easy to use. Six HCPs indicated the PDCA-Derm could capture PIH, and 5 indicated it had the ability to capture changes to PIH in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Intra-rater reliability was good to excellent (ICC=0.76–0.99, n=8) for all but 2 HCPs (ICC=0.55 and 0.74). The inter-rater reliability for PIH ranged from good at timepoint 1 (ICC=0.75, n=10) to excellent at timepoint 2 (ICC=0.90, n=10).
Conclusion: The PDCA-Derm was well understood by HCPs and had good inter- and intra-rater reliability, supporting its appropriateness for use to assess PIH in moderate-to-severe AD. Additional studies investigating HCP assessment of the PDCA-Derm and its reliability are needed to make solid conclusions about the instrument's validity.
Post-Hoc Analyses Support Efficacy of Lebrikizumab in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Uncontrolled Eosinophilic Asthma and Prior Exacerbations
Authors: Corren Jonathan , Szefler Stanley J. , Sher Ellen , Korenblat Phillip , Soong Weily , Hanania Nicola A. , Berman Gary , Brusselle Guy , Zitnik Ralph , Natalie Chitra R. , Siu Kimberly , Wu Wen-Shuo , Qiao Meihua , Lio Peter , Armstrong April W.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Lebrikizumab, a novel, high-affinity monoclonal antibody selectively targeting interleukin-13, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis at higher doses than studied in asthma. Clinical trials of lebrikizumab in moderate-to-severe uncontrolled asthma have not demonstrated consistent exacerbation reductions, possibly due to suboptimal patient selection and premature understanding of asthma phenotypes. We describe post-hoc analyses in adults with uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma with a history of ≥1 asthma exacerbation in the past 12 months from 2 phase 3 lebrikizumab clinical trials (LAVOLTA I and II) completed in 2016.
Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to receive lebrikizumab (37.5mg or 125mg), or placebo (all N=716) every 4 weeks. Adjusted exacerbation rate (AER) at week 52 (W52), presented as rate reduction, and placebo-corrected mean change in prebronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) at weeks 24 (W24) and 52 were assessed in patients with elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO [≥50 mean parts per billion]; 37.5mg [n=105], 125mg [n=107], placebo [n=109]) and in those with both elevated FeNO and elevated blood eosinophils (≥300 cells/µL; 37.5mg [n=60], 125mg [n=66], placebo [n=62]) at baseline.
Results: Lebrikizumab significantly reduced the AER versus placebo at W52 in the elevated FeNO (37.5mg, 47.5%; 125mg, 45.5%) and elevated FeNO and blood eosinophils (37.5mg, 52.3%; 125mg, 52.9%) subgroups. Significant FEV1 improvement was observed in patients with elevated FeNO at W24 (improvement for 37.5mg, 205.4mL; 125mg, 240.9mL) and W52 (37.5mg, 189.8mL; 125mg, 212.0mL). In patients with elevated FeNO and elevated blood eosinophils, FEV1 significantly improved at W24 (37.5mg, 274.8mL; 125mg, 234.1mL) and for the lower dose at W52 (37.5mg, 209.5mL), while a numeric increase was observed for the higher dose (125mg, 139.2mL).
Conclusion: Lebrikizumab could be beneficial in patients with uncontrolled asthma with type 2 inflammation (elevated FeNO and/or elevated blood eosinophils) and a history of recent exacerbations.
Effectiveness and safety of topical autologous platelet-rich fibrin membrane with total contact cast versus perilesional injectable autologous platelet-rich plasma therapy with total contact cast in trophic ulcer due to leprosy: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mukherjee Anirban , Das Somenath , Roy Sudipta , Patra Aparesh Chandra , Ghosh Arghyaprasun , Sil Amrita , Das Nilay Kanti
Published: January 2025

Introduction

With a vision of a 90% reduction of grade 2 disability (G2D) in the Global Leprosy Strategy by 2030, the management of trophic ulcer, a common G2D, has become a priority. Autologous injectable perilesional platelet rich plasma (PRP) is first generation, whereas autologous platelet rich fibrin membrane (PRFM) is second generation platelet concentrate helping in trophic ulcer healing by providing growth factors and cytokines. PRFM requires less amount of blood (8 mL) against 20 mL in PRP.

Objectives

Evaluate the effectiveness and safety of PRFM with total contact cast versus PRP with total contact cast in leprosy trophic ulcer.

Methods

Observer-blind, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial recruited clinically diagnosed leprosy trophic ulcer with wound area measurement <40 cm2 after obtaining informed consent. Calculated sample size was 26 per group considering the percentage success in the control group (PRP) 39.29% and the experimental group (PRFM) 55.55%, 5% significance-level, 80% power, non-inferiority limit 10%, and 10% drop-out rate. Randomisation was done by computer generated random number table and allocation concealment by sequentially numbered opaque sealed envelope (SNOSE) technique. PRP was prepared with first spin 1,600 rpm for 10 minutes and second spin 4,000 rpm for 10 minutes. PRFM was prepared by centrifugation at 2,600 rpm for 3 minutes. Four treatment sessions followed by two follow-ups at 2 weekly intervals were conducted.

Results

Baseline clinico-demographic profile was similar in both groups. The surface area was significantly reduced (Friedman’s ANOVA P<0.001) in both PRP (from 422.48+657.30 sq cm to 247.84+635.96 sq cm) and PRFM (290.04+281.42 sq cm to 152.77+336.09 sq cm) with significant reduction from first FU onwards in both groups (Post-Hoc Dunn’s test P<0.001). Complete improvement was noted in 12% of PRP and 23% of PRFM (Fischer’s test P=0.465). Both groups showed improvement in DLQI.

Limitations

Short duration of treatment and follow-up (10 weeks).

Conclusion

PRFM with total contact cast is not inferior to PRP. Because of operational ease (less blood, less time), PRFM is a better alternative to PRP.
Cardiorespiratory responses to incremental exercise in dominant somatotypes
Authors: Jaiswal Kumar Nischay , Talwar Anjana , Bade Geetanjali Gokarn
Published: January 2025

Objectives:

Somatotype rating is used to categorise human physiques using parameters related to body shape and composition. These parameters are adiposity, musculoskeletal robustness, and linearity. Somatotype rating is based on anthropometric dimensions that influence a person’s ability to perform physical activity. This study aimed to measure cardiorespiratory responses to incremental exercise in different somatotypes.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty (50) healthy male participants with a mean age of 24.10 ± 4.55 years were recruited in this study. The dominant somatotype was determined using the Heath and Carter method. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was done to measure peak VO2, peak VO2/kg, metabolic equivalents (METS), breathing reserve (BR), minute ventilation (V.E), oxygen pulse (VO2/HR), and heart rate.

Results:

The cardiorespiratory parameters showed significant differences between the endomorphs and mesomorphs. Mesomorphs showed significantly higher peak oxygen consumption (mL/min) (2487 ± 364.3 vs. 2151 ± 287.8; P = 0.013) and exhibited significantly higher peak VO2 % predicted values (78.13 ± 10.11 vs. 66.92 ± 10.09; P = 0.003) than the endomorphs. METS % predicted was significantly higher in mesomorphs than endomorphs (78.13 ± 11.95 vs. 66.92 ± 10.09; P = 0.003). Similarly, the V.E (L) of mesomorphs was also higher than that of endomorphs (95.32 ± 18.63 vs 71.13 ± 25.39), but the BR (L) of mesomorphs was lower than endomorphs (38.38 ± 11.87 vs 53.80 ± 17.16) and ectomorphs (38.38 ± 11.87 vs 52.79 ± 9.47). Mesomorphs showed higher O2 pulse than endomorphs (14.8 [10.3–24.0] vs 12.8 [9.2–21.9]; P = 0.02); they also showed significantly higher respiratory frequency than endomorphs (1/s) (48.25 ± 11.34 vs. 38.19 ± 6.89; P = 0.001) and ectomorphs (48.25 ± 11.34 vs. 40.92 ± 7.03; P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

Cardiorespiratory responses to exercise vary among different somatotypes. Exercise capacity, as measured by VO2 peak, is higher in mesomorphs.
Charge syndrome in children
Authors:   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Savvina M.S. , Ivanova O.N. ,   Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, NEFU Medical Institute, Burtseva T.E. ,   Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Ammosov NEFU Medical Institute, Ivanova I.S. ,   4 year student of Ammosov NEFU Medical Institute
Published: January 2025

The article presents a clinical case of CHARGE syndrome in a 4-year-old child. Literature data and a description of the clinical observation of CHARGE syndrome are given. CHARGE syndrome (Hall–Hittner syndrome; ICD-10:Q87.8) is a rare hereditary disease. The name of the syndrome is made up of the first letters of the main malformations characteristic of the disease. CHARGE: Coloboma (coloboma — a defect of the membranes of the eye), Heart disease (heart disease), choanal Atresia (hoan atresia — overgrowth of the posterior parts of the nasal cavity), growth and mental Retardation (delay in physical and mental development), Genital anomalies (anomalies of the genitourinary system).
Keywords: CHARGE syndrome, children, coloboma, hoan atresia, congenital heart disease, developmental abnormalities, clinical case.
A case of congenital measles
Authors:   MD, Professor of the Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Medical Institute of Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Dmitrieva T.G. , Kozlova I.N. ,   Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Neonatal Intensive Care, Yakut Republican Clinical Hospital, Moskvitina L.N. ,   anesthesiologist-resuscitator of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation of Newborn.Yakut Republican Clinical Hospital, Koryakina E.I. ,   student, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: January 2025

Measles is a highly contagious acute viral infectious disease with an airborne and transplacental transmission mechanism caused by an RNA-containing measles virus (genus morbilliviruses, family paramyxoviruses). Vaccination against measles is included in the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations of the Russian Federation and is carried out at the age of 12 months, followed by revaccination at 6 years. Immunity after measles is usually lifelong. Post-vaccination immunity is less prolonged: after 10 years, protective antibody titers remain only in 36% of vaccinated. In this regard, in the conditions of an epidemiological outbreak, there is a shift in morbidity to older age groups. Several cases of measles in pregnant women have been described. However, congenital measles is an extremely rare diagnosis. Our article describes a case of congenital measles in a newborn from a 34-year-old woman. At 28 weeks gestation, the woman was diagnosed with pneumonia, then a typical rash appeared. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological method. Thus, the birth occurred in the acute period of the disease. The baby was born prematurely at 28 weeks gestation by Caesarean section. The child's condition at birth was extremely severe. Apgar score is 5/7. The condition of the newborn was extremely severe due to prematurity and multiple pathology. The child was diagnosed with Respiratory distress syndrome of a newborn with respiratory insufficiency of the III degree. On the ninth day of life, a rash appeared. The diagnosis of measles was confirmed by the determination of antibodies to Measilis virus IgM. The course of measles in the exanthemic period was atypical (spotty rash elements on the first day, not characteristic dynamics of rash appearance). However, the presence of perinatal contact, the appearance of rashes made it possible to suspect such a rare diagnosis as congenital measles, and serological diagnostics confirmed this diagnosis. Against the background of the therapy, the patient's condition stabilized on the 7th day of the exanthemic period, the rash regressed. At the age of 1 month and 23 days, the child was discharged home in a satisfactory condition.
Keywords: measles, newborn, pregnancy, congenital pathology, exanthemic infection, prematurity, congenital malformations.
In-vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEAE L.
Authors:   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Tomtosova E.V. , Rumyantsev E.K. ,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Nikolaev V.M. ,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems (YSC CMP), Yakutsk, Ru, Chirikova N.K. ,   M.K. Ammosov NEFU Medical Institute
Published: January 2025

Biologically active substances in lingonberry leaves (Vaccinium vitis-idaeae L.) have antioxidant properties. This study selected the optimal extraction method to obtain extracts with a high content of biologically active components with antioxidant activity from the leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaeae growing in Yakutia. The data obtained allow us to conclude that biologically active substances isolated by alcoholic extraction from the leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaeae can be used in medicine to find approaches to regulating pro-oxidant processes in the human body under various pathological conditions.
Keywords: lingonberry, biologically active substances, gravimetric method, model system.
The effectiveness of the introduction of a system for the prevention of sternal complications in cardiac surgery
Authors:   Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Far Eastern State Medical University, Shevchenko A.A. ,   thoracic surgeon of the highest qualification category, Regional clinical hospital No.1, Kobzev E.E. ,   cardiovascular surgeon, head of the department of the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery (Khabarovsk), Topalov K.P. ,   Ph.D., Associate Professor, Institute of Advanced Training of Healthcare Spesialists, Special-Medical Skills; clinical head of the department RCH No.1, Kashkarov E.A. ,   Alexandrovich – doctor of the highest qualification category, head of the department RCH No. 1, Zhila N.G. ,   prof. of St. Petersburg State Pediatrician University MH RF, Karpov I.A. ,   clinical intern of the  Far Eastern State Medical University, Rosseikin E.V. ,   MD, Chief Physician of the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, research associate of the Far Eastern State Medical University
Published: January 2025

The aim of the study. To evaluate the results of the introduction of a system for the prevention of sternal infectious complications at the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery in Khabarovsk in comparison with the traditional method of cardiac surgery.
Materials and methods. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of two treatment groups of cardiac surgery patients operated with sternotomy median access. The first group, 2712 patients operated according to the traditional method (2016-2018); the second group of patients, 2991 people, were treated using the method of prevention of sternal infectious complications (2019-2021). Attention was paid to the performance of bimammary bypass surgery, which is one of the leading risk factors for complications, while performing this type of bypass surgery increased in the second group.
Results. As a result of the introduction of systemic prevention of complications during cardiac surgery, the number of superficial complications, such as divergence of wound edges, skin necrosis, osteomyelitis of the sternum significantly decreased from 1.18±0.207 to 0.43±0.120% (t=3.11), there was also a tendency to decrease deep complications, namely sternomediastinitis - from 0.55± 0.142 to 0.23±0.088% (t=1.90).
Conclusion. The introduction of a system for the prevention of sternal complications in the work of cardiac surgeons during median sternotomy has reduced the incidence of postoperative sternomediastinitis and superficial complications. Therefore, in order to reduce infectious complications after cardiac surgery, it is advisable to introduce systemic prevention of sternal infection more widely into clinical practice.
Keywords: cardiac surgery, infectious complications, postoperative sternomediastinitis, thoracic surgery.
Clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of Mallory-Weiss syndrome in a multidisciplinary surgical hospital
Authors:   gr. PhD, professor of the department of faculty surgery, urology, oncology and otorhinolaryngology of the Medical Institute of «North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov». 677018. Yakutsk, Saveliev V.V. , Vinokurov M.M. ,   gr. PhD, professor, head of the department of faculty surgery, urology, oncology and otorhinolaryngology of the Medical Institute of «North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov», Starovatov A.V. ,   surgeon of the Republic Hospital №2-Center for Emergency. 677000. Yakutsk
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was retrospective assessment of the effectiveness of surgical treatment tactics in the treatment of Mallory-Weiss syndrome in a specific surgical hospital. Material and methods. The material is based on a clinical analysis of the results of observations of 73 patients with MWS who were treated in surgical hospitals of the of the Republican Hospital №2 ‒ Center for Emergency Medical Care (CEMC) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the period from in the period from 2019 to 2023. Results. In the course of the study, it was established that the widespread use of endoscopic methods of stopping bleeding in MWS in clinical practice of multidisciplinary surgical hospitals can improve the immediate results of treatment, reduce the number of complications and reduce mortality. Conclusion. The results of the study we presented allow us to recommend the use of endoscopic methods of hemostasis for MWS as the method of choice.
Keywords. Mallory-Weiss syndrome, endoscopic hemostasis, surgical treatment tactics.
Organization of medical evacuation of patients with severe COVID-19 and the results of their treatment in a specialized department of anesthesiology-intensive care
Authors:   MD, Head, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care with the course of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Postgraduate Training of Doctors, Institute of Medicine, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Ivanova A.A. , Potapov A.F. ,   MD, Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care with the course of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Postgraduate Training of Doctors, Institute of Medicine, Chulakova N.A. ,   3d-year postgraduate student, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care with the course of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Postgraduate Training of Doctors, Institute of Medicine, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Chulakov K.V. ,   Head of the Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care with the course of Emergency Medicine, Sakha Republic Clinical Hospital, Bulatov A.V. ,   MD, Associated Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Care with a course of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Postgraduate Training of Doctors, Institute of Medicine, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University
Published: January 2025

In order to study the timeliness of medical evacuation of the patients with severe novel coronavirus from the districts of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), a retrospective analysis of data from the Republic’s Center for Disaster Medicine (RCDM) for 2019-2022 was carried out. To compare the treatment results of patients living in the city of Yakutsk and patients evacuated from the districts of the republic (“city”, “district”), we conducted a prospective observational case-control study of 600 patients with severe COVID-19 in the specialized anesthesiology, resuscitation and intensive care unit (ARICU) of the Sakha Republic Clinical Hospital in 2020-2022. Lethal outcome (n=397) was chosen as the studied criterion. It was found that the study groups had statistically significant differences in age (p=0.002), body mass index (BMI) (p=0.001), saturation (SaO2) of mixed blood upon admission to the ARICU (p=0.003), oxygenation index (p=0.011), and the severity of the condition according to the SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score. The patients evacuated from the districts were characterized by younger age, higher body mass index, and greater damage to lung tissue. City residents were more prone to experience brain failure, acute kidney injury, and the development of multiple organ dysfunction. The mortality rate for the district patients with severe COVID-associated community-acquired pneumonia was 65.8%; for urban patients it made 66.3%, with no statistically significant differences established (p=0.906). Thus, the arrangement of medical evacuation for COVID-19 patients to a specialized institution during the pandemic ensured the availability and timeliness of specialized care provided to them.
Keywords. Novel coronavirus, community-acquired pneumonia, city, district, lethal outcome.
Analysis of the medical and demographic situation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the context of health threats due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   PhD, Associate Professor of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Afanasyeva L.N. , Kalininskaya A.A. ,   National Research Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko, Lazarev A.V. ,   National Research Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko, Shlyafer S.I. ,   National Research Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko, Alekhnovich A.V. ,   MD, Prof., Deputy. Head of Research and scientific work of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Vishnevsky Central Military Clinical Hospital No 3, Russian Ministry of Defense, Smirnov A.A. ,   National Research Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko
Published: January 2025

The analysis of fertility, morbidity (primary and general) and mortality in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in dynamics, over a 10-year period (2013-2022). Differences in the structure of morbidity in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and in the Russian Federation as a whole were revealed. The peak of mortality rates of the urban and rural population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, has been determined. Problematic aspects of rural health care have been identified, as well as diseases complicated by the pandemic that require rehabilitation. The results of the study should be taken into account by health authorities and institutions for management decisions on countering challenges and threats to the health of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) caused by a new coronavirus infection.
Keywords: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), health threats, morbidity of the population, rural health, COVID-19.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ВЕЛИЧИНЫ ОСТАТОЧНОГО РЕСУРСА (СРОКА СЛУЖБЫ) ЦИКЛИЧЕСКИ НАГРУЖЕННЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ АГРЕГАТОВ ПРИ НАЛИЧИИ ДЕФЕКТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ МОДЕЛИ ИНТЕНСИВНОСТИ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ
Authors: СТЕЛЬМАХ С Ф. , СУВОРОВ А Н. , ДЕМИДОВА Н С. , ГИНЗБУРГ Т В.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассмотрено влияние усталости циклически нагруженных элементов агрегатов на их остаточный ресурс. Показана актуальность разработки алгоритма определения остаточного ресурса (срока службы) циклически нагруженных элементов агрегатов. Предложен алгоритм определения остаточного ресурса (срока службы) циклически нагруженных элементов агрегатов при наличии усталостных дефектов (трещин) на основе модели интенсивности напряжений. На основе алгоритма произведены расчеты величин остаточного ресурса циклически нагруженных элементов агрегатов, выполненных из различных конструкционных материалов. Показана практическая значимость представленного в работе алгоритма.

he article deals with the effect of cyclic loading fatigue on the residual life. The relevance of developing an algorithm for determining the residual life of cyclically loaded elements of units is shown. An algorithm of residual lifetime determination of cyclically loaded elements in the presence of fatigue cracks on the basis of stress intensity model has been proposed. The residual life of cyclically loaded elements of units made of various structural materials is calculated. The practical significance of the algorithm is described.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРНОЙ ЖИВУЧЕСТИ БОРТОВЫХ СИСТЕМ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ АППАРАТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ МЕТРИК ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОСТИ НЕЧЕТКИХ ГРАФОВ ЦИФРОВЫХ ДВОЙНИКОВ
Authors: ПАВЛОВ А Н. , ПАВЛОВ Д А. , ВОРОТЯГИН В Н.
Published: January 2025

В настоящее время с помощью цифровых двойников разрабатывают, тестируют и запускают космические корабли и целые космические программы. Однако эффективное и качественное функционирование бортовых систем (БС) космических аппаратов (КА) в условиях возникновения расчетных и нерасчетных аварийных полетных ситуаций требует при построении их цифровых двойников новых подходов к реалистичному управлению технологическими процессами для проактивного оценивания работоспособности рассматриваемых объектов. Анализ существующих концепций и подходов к многокритериальному выбору конфигурации и реконфигурации БС КА с целью повышения их надежности и живучести при возможной деградации элементов и подсистем и/или изменении полетного задания показал, что при наличии нерасчетных нештатных полетных ситуаций, а также проектировании и создании КА указанные подходы не приемлемы. Это требует дальнейшего совершенствования существующих математических моделей, методов и алгоритмов исследования структурной динамики сложных объектов, которые учитывают структурные и функциональные особенности сложных комплексов в динамически изменяющихся условиях...

Currently, digital twins are used to develop, test and launch spacecraft and entire space programs. However, the effective and high-quality functioning of on-board systems (BS) of spacecraft (SC) in the conditions of the occurrence of design and non-design emergency flight situations requires, when constructing their digital twins, new approaches to realistic control of technological processes for proactive assessment of the performance of the objects in question. An analysis of existing concepts and approaches to the multi-criteria selection of configuration and reconfiguration of spacecraft BS in order to increase their reliability and survivability in the event of possible degradation of elements and subsystems and/or changes in the flight mission has shown that in the presence of non-design abnormal flight situations, as well as the design and creation of spacecraft, these approaches not acceptable. This requires further improvement of existing mathematical models, methods and algorithms for studying the structural dynamics of complex objects, which take into account the structural and functional features of complex complexes in dynamically changing conditions...
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ РАЗРАБОТКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНЫХ СПОСОБОВ ЗАЩИТЫ САМОЛЕТОВ ОТ ЗЕНИТНЫХ РАКЕТ
Authors: ЛЕВИЦКИЙ С В. , ОСТАНИН А Г. , НИКОЛАЕВ С В.
Published: January 2025

На основе математического моделирования функционирования динамической системы «самолет - бортовой комплекс обороны - зенитная ракета» разработан эффективный способ защиты самолета от ракеты зенитно ракетного комплекса большой дальности типа «Пэтриот». В основе разработанного способа лежит размещение на борту самолета системы отстрела осколочно-фугасных средств поражения малой мощности, создающих зону поражения для ракеты на безопасном расстояние от самолета.

Based on mathematical modeling of the functioning of the dynamic system "aircraft - on-board defense complex - anti-aircraft missile", an effective way to protect an aircraft from a long-range anti-aircraft missile system of the Patriot type has been developed. The developed method is based on the placement of a low-power high-explosive fragmentation weapon firing system on board the aircraft, creating a zone of destruction for the missile at a safe distance from the aircraft.
ЧИСЛЕННОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И АНАЛИЗ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННЫХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ПОЛЯ ВНУТРЕННИХ ВОЛН В АВАЧИНСКОМ ЗАЛИВЕ
Authors: ЩЕРБАКОВА В С. , РУВИНСКАЯ Е А. , КУРКИНА О Е.
Published: January 2025

В настоящей работе исследуются региональные особенности поля внутренних волн в Авачинском заливе Тихого океана на основе полнонелинейного негидростатического численного моделирования с использованием данных из климатического атласа WOA18 для летнего сезона, батиметрии из GEBCO и приливного форсинга из модели TPXO 8, основанной на данных спутниковой альтиметрии. При моделировании учитывалось вращение Земли. Показано, что бароклинные поля имеют сложную многомодовую структуру: наблюдаются волновые пучки (beams). Определены и построены графики амплитуд суточного и полусуточного бароклинного прилива вдоль выбранного разреза. Высоты и периоды волн, выделенных из смещений изопикны на глубине 50 м, хорошо описываются логнормальным законом, длины волн имеют распределение Вейбулла. В 5 % случаев регистрируются волны с высотами 10-15 м, наибольшую повторяемость имеют волны c высотами 1-4 м, что хорошо согласуется с данными натурных наблюдений.

Regional features of the internal wave field in the Avacha Bay of the Pacific Ocean are investigated in the framework of the fully nonlinear non-hydrostatic numerical modeling using data from the WOA18 climate atlas for the summer season, bathymetry from GEBCO and tidal forcing from the TPXO 8 model based on satellite altimetry data. The simulation took into account the rotation of the Earth. It is shown that baroclinic fields have a complex multimode structure: wave beams are observed. Amplitudes of the diurnal and semi-diurnal baroclinic tide along the selected section were determined and plotted. Heights and periods of waves extracted from the isopycnal displacements at a depth of 50 m are well described by the lognormal law; wavelengths have a Weibull distribution. In 5 % of cases, waves with heights of 10-15 m are recorded; waves with heights of 1-4 m have the greatest frequency, which is in good agreement with field observation data.
НОВЫЙ КРИТЕРИЙ САМОВОСПЛАМЕНЕНИЯ ПОЖАРООПАСНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: АЛИЕВА Х С. , БАЙРАМОВ Г З.
Published: January 2025

Статья посвящена разработке новых критериев самовоспламенения пожароопасных материалов. Проанализирован вопрос о формировании дополнительного критерия возможности самовоспламенения с использованием безразмерного показателя, предложенного Франк-Каменецким. Предложены два дополнительные размерные показатели самовоспламенения, зависящие от температуры окружающей среды. Показано, что первый показатель имеет максимум от второго при равенстве последнего в универсальную газовую постоянную. При этом, максимальная величина первого показателя не зависит от температуры окружающей среды. Сравнение предложенного инварианта - критерия с критерием Франка-Каменецкого показало их совпадение в точке указанного максимума, в которой и происходит самовоспламенение.

The article is devoted to the development of new criteria for self-ignition offlammable materials. The issue of forming an additional criterion for the possibility of self-ignition using the dimensionless indicator proposed by Frank-Kamenetsky is analyzed. Two additional dimensional indicators of self-ignition, depending on the ambient temperature, have been proposed. It is shown that the first indicator has a maximum from the second when the latter is equal to the universal gas constant. At the same time, the maximum value of the first indicator does not depend on the ambient temperature. A comparison of the proposed invariant - criterion with the Frank-Kamenetsky criterion showed their coincidence at the point of the indicated maximum, at which self-ignition occurs.
ИГОРЬ СТРАВИНСКИЙ И СЕРГЕЙ ПРОКОФЬЕВ: РАЗНЫЕ СУДЬБЫ ПОД ПАТРОНАТОМ СЕРГЕЯ ДЯГИЛЕВА
Authors: ДЕМЧЕНКО А И.
Published: January 2025

В предлагаемой статье рассматриваются произведения балетного жанра, принадлежащие И. Стравинскому и С. Прокофьеву, созданные при непосредственном участии С.Дягилева. С именем первого из них связаны «Жар-птица» (1910, хореография М. Фокина), «Петрушка» (1911, вновь М. Фокин), «Весна священная» (1913, В. Нижинский), «Байка про Лису» (1922, Б. Нижинская), «Свадебка» (1923, опять-таки Б. Нижинская), «Пульчинелла» (1920, Л. Мясин), «Аполлон Мусагет» (1928, А. Больм) и «Поцелуй феи» (1928, Б. Нижинская), с именем второго - «Ала и Лоллий» (1915, Б. Нижинская), «Шут» (1915, Т. Славинский), «Стальной кок» (1925, Л. Мясин) и «Блудный сын» (1929, Дж. Баланчин).

The proposed article examines the works of the ballet genre belonging to I. Stravinsky and S. Prokofi ev, created with the direct participation of S. Diaghilev. The name of the fi rst of them is associated with "The Firebird" (1910, choreography by M. Fokin), "Petrushka" (1911, again by M. Fokin), "Sacred Spring" (1913, V. Nijinsky), "The Tale about the Fox" (1922, B. Nijinskaya), "Wedding" (1923, again-taki B. Nijinskaya), "Pulcinella" (1920, L. Myasin), "Apollo Musaget" (1928, A. Bolm) and "Fairy Kiss" (1928, B. Nijinskaya), with the name of the second - "Ala and Lollius" (1915, B. Nijinskaya), "The Fool" (1915, T. Slavinsky), "The Steel Cook" (1925, L. Myasin) and "The Prodigal Son" (1929, J. Balanchine).
Context-Adaptive Nanotopology in Peptide Crystals
Authors: Athiyarath Vignesh , Naranjo Elma , Dave Dhwanit , Ridwan Osman Goni , Rodriguez Danilo A. Arturo , Zhu Qiang , Monti Marta , Mirón Gonzalo Díaz , Banerjee Debarshi , Hassanali Ali , Neary Michelle C. , Zhang Sheng , Ulijn Rein V. , Chen Xi
Published: January 2025

Biological systems, including proteins, employ water-mediated supramolecular interactions to adopt specific conformations for their functions. However, current solid-state supramolecular materials are typically stiff and fail to capture the dynamic behaviors observed in proteins. Here, we present dynamic crystal-hydrates of aliphatic dipeptides with sequence-isomers of leucine (L) and isoleucine (I). These crystals exhibit shallow conformational energy landscapes, with various reconfigurable crystal nano-architectures accessible through small changes in relative humidity and temperature. Specifically, for LI crystals, as water content changes, the solid-state supramolecular architecture rapidly and reversibly transitions between perpendicular and parallel honeycomb nano-architectures, as well as layered van der Waals structures, leading to significant and distinct variations in mechanical and photophysical properties. Our findings demonstrate the potential of leveraging aliphatic hydrophobic domains inspired by protein architectures to create dynamic solid-state materials with context-adaptive properties.
Noise Removal Tool for Compressible and Incompressible Flows Using a Physics-Informed Neural Network
Authors: Chandran Jishnu , R Ishwariya , C R Jisha , Garg Ashish , Neelan Arun Govind
Published: January 2025

Noise removal from data or sensors is a crucial challenge in experimental studies, where traditional techniques such as filters and smoothers are commonly employed. However, these methods often lack a physics-based foundation, requiring either domain expertise or an extensive trial-and-error process to achieve satisfactory outcomes. Moreover, their performance deteriorates as noise levels increase, often leading to significant distortion of the original signal or derived quantity based on the signal. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide an innovative solution by integrating physical laws and governing equations into the machine learning framework. This study investigates the potential of PINNs to enhance noise removal compared to conventional numerical methods. Specifically, we assess the performance of numerical methods both with and without filtering alongside PINNs in the context of transport equations. We have studied the effectiveness of the above-mentioned techniques on synthetically generated subsonic and supersonic flows from numerical simulation. The results reveal that PINNs can effectively reconstruct pressure information from noisy velocity data, a task that traditional numerical methods do not perform adequately on noisy high Reynolds number cases. This finding highlights the superior capability of PINNs in addressing noise-related challenges in signal processing, particularly under high-noise conditions and high Reynolds number cases.
α-N-Phthalimido-Oxy Isobutyrate-Mediated Deoxygenative Arylation: Total Synthesis of Alanenses A and B
Authors: Hyun Young Eum , Kweon Jeonguk , Phan Thi Hieu Linh , Kim Dongwook , Han Sunkyu
Published: January 2025

Inspired by our biosynthetic hypothesis for alanense A, we developed two distinct methods for the deoxygenative arylation of α-N-phthalimido-oxy isobutyrate (NPIB), derived from hydroxyl groups adjacent to or conjugated with a carbonyl moiety. One approach utilizes photoredox catalysis to achieve a radical-mediated arylation reaction. Alternatively, we designed an acid-mediated arylation method that proceeds through a cationic intermediate. The acid-mediated approach was successfully applied to the total syntheses of alanenses A and B, as well as O7′-methyllacinilene E.
Surface Termination Engineering of 2D Titanium Carbides for Light-Activated Soft Robotics Applications
Authors: Silva-Quinones Dhamelyz , Hu Xingjian , Cole Brian , Bethke Anna , Hool Alexander , Zhao Yilin , Collins William , Bai Wubin , Yan Qiangu , Wei Jianjun , Dickey Michael D. , Franke Daniel , Franklin Aaron D. , Wang Haozhe
Published: January 2025

The transition metal carbide (TMC) Ti3C2Tx exhibits exceptional electrical conductivity, photothermal conversion, and mechanical flexibility. The latter two properties are useful for creating coatings that convert light into heat, which can enable photothermal actuation. However, the performance of such actuators utilizing Ti3C2Tx is constrained by unfavorable surface terminations (e.g., -F) formed during traditional wet acid etching synthesis, which compromise both electrical conductivity and photothermal efficiency. This study introduces a novel plasma-enabled atomic layer etching (plasma-ALE) approach to precisely engineer the surface termination of Ti3C2Tx post-synthesis. The one-step ALE process transforms the surface chemistry from fluorine-dominated to oxygen-dominated terminations, resulting in an 80% increase in electrical conductivity and significantly enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency. By incorporating actuation-enhancing cellulose nanofibrils, ALE-treated Ti3C2Tx/cellulose actuators demonstrate dramatic increases in both bending angle and force under near-infrared light illumination, outperforming other 2D material-based actuators. Various actuator manufacturing techniques, including vacuum filtration and aerosol jet printing, have been employed, demonstrating plasma-ALE’s compatibility with multi-scale pattern designs ranging from millimeter to centimeter dimensions. Furthermore, plasma-ALE treatment facilitates actuators capable of grasping and locomotion. This work paves the way for advanced surface engineering of TMCs and their integration into multifunctional soft robotic systems.