bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obesity as a risk factor for dengue shock syndrome in children
Authors: Widiyati Maria Mahdalena Tri , Laksanawati Ida Safitri , Prawirohartono Endy Paryanto
Published: August 2016

Background Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) leads to highmorbidity and mortality if not be treated properly and promptly.Obesity may play a role in the progression ofDHF to dengue shocksyndrome (DSS) and could be a prognostic factor.Objective To evaluate childhood obesity as a prognostic factorfor DSS.Methods We reviewed medical records of patients with DHFand DSS admitted to Department of Child Health, Dr. SardjitoHospital, Yogyakarta between June 2008 and February 2011.Subjects were aged less than 18 years and fulfilled WHO criteria(1997) for DHF or DSS. The exclusion criteria were the denguefever, a milder form of disease, or other viral infections. Riskfactors for DSS were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results Of342 patients who met the inclusion criteria, there were116 DSS patients (33 .9%) as the case group and 226 DHF patients(66.1%) as the control group. Univariate analysis revealed thatrisk factors for DSS were obesity (OR= 1.88; 95%CI 1.01 to3.5 l) ,secondary infection type (OR=0.82; 95%CI 0.41 to 1.63), plasmaleakage with hematocrit increase> 25% (OR=3.42; 95%CI 2.06to 5.65), platelet count < 20,000/μL (OR= l.95; 95%CI 1.20 to3 .16), and inadequate fluid management from prior hospitalization(OR=9.ll; 95% CI 1.13 to 73.66). By multivariate analysis,plasma leakage with hematocrit increase > 25% was associatedwith DSS (OR=2.5 l; 95%CI 1.12 to 5.59), while obesity was notassociated with DSS (OR= l.03; 95%CI 0.32 to3.3 1).Conclusion Obesity is not a risk factor for DSS, while plasmaleakage with hematocrit increase > 25% is associated with DSS.
Initial brain CT scan and shunting outcomes in children with hydrocephalus
Authors: Utami Andi Anita , Putranti Alifiani Hikmah , Nency Yetty Movieta , Sudijanto Eddy
Published: August 2016

Background Hydrocephalus is one of the most common clinicalconditions affecting the central nervous system, with a congenitalhydrocephalus incidence of 3-4 per 1000 births. Incidence ofacquired types of hydrocephalus is unknown. Brain computerisedtomography (CT) scan can be used to assess the size of ventriclesand other structures. Shunting has long been performed toalleviate hydrocephalus. Shunting has dramatically changed theoutlook of children with hydrocephalus, with many of them havingnormal life expectancies and attaining normal intelligence.Objective To determine the outcomes of shunting in childrenwith hydrocephalus based on initial brain CT scan.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in Dr. KariadiHospital. Initial brain CT scan data were collected from themedical records of children admitted to the Neurosurgery Wardfor ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery from January 2009to December 2010. We studied the brain CT scan findings beforeVP shunt surgery and the outcomes of the children after VP shuntsurgery. Radiological findings were determined by a radiologistresponsible at that time.Results This study consisted of 30 subjects, 19 boys and 11girls. Initial brain CT scans to assess disease severity revealed thefo llowing conditions: lateral ventricle dilatation in 7 subjects,lateral and third ventricle dilatation in 16 subjects, and lateral,third and fourth ventricle dilatation in 7 subjects. After VPshunt surgery, 3 subjects in the lateral, third and fourth ventricledilatation category died. They were grouped according to theircondition. Group 1 consisted of subjects with only lateral ventricledilatation and subjects with lateral and third ventricle dilatation(23 subjects), while group 2 consisted of subjects with lateral,third and fourth ventricle dilatation (7 subjects). More survivorswere found in group 1 than those in group 2.Conclusion Less severe initial brain CT scan findings areassociated with better shunting outcomes children withhydrocephalus.
Acute kidney injury in asphyxiated neonates
Authors: Amardiyanto Roy , Trihono Partini Pudjiastuti , Rundjan Lily , Pusponegoro Hardiono D.
Published: August 2016

Background Asphyxia neonatorum may result in multiorgandysfunction including renal involvement. There is no consensuson the determination of acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonatesmaking establishment of the diagnosis and its managementbecomes difficult. The Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN)recommends AKI criteria based on increased serum creatininelevel and reduced urine output.Objectives To identify the prevalence of AKI in asphyxiatedneonates using the AKIN criteria, to compare the difference ofAKI stages, and the glomerular filtration rates (GFR) betweenmoderate and severe asphyxia.Methods This was a cross-sectional analytical study conductedbetween July 2012 and January 2013. Subjects were all asphyxiatedneonates (Apgar score < 7 at fifth minute) with gestational age of>35 weeks delivered and hospitalized in Cipto MangunkusumoHospital and Koja District Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.Glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the componentsof urine creatinine, serum creatinine, and urine output; whileAKI stages were determined according to AKIN criteria. Urinaryoutput was measured via urethral catheterization.Results Of 94 subjects, there were 70 neonates with moderateand 24 neonates with severe asphyxia, with the prevalence of AKIwas 63%. Twenty one out of 24 neonates with severe asphyxiaexperienced AKI, while neonates with moderate asphyxia whoexperienced AKI was 38 out of 70 subjects (54%). Two third ofneonates with severe asphyxia who experienced AKI had stage3 of AKI. More severe AKI stages and lower median GFR werefound in neonates with severe compared to moderate asphyxia(P<0.001) .Conclusion The prevalence of AKI in neonatal asphyxia is high(63%). The more severe degree of neonatal asphyxia, the moresevere AKI stage and the lower median GFR.
Effect of length of albendazole treatment against Trichuris trichiura infection
Authors: Lubis Aridamuriany D , Pasaribu Syahril , Ali Muhammad , Lubis Munar
Published: August 2016

Background Trichuris trichiura is one of the most common soil-transmitted helminth that infects school-aged children. A single dose of albendazole has been shown to have wide variations in cure and egg reduction rates. Some studies have suggested that repeated doses of albendazole might increase its effectiveness.Objective To compare the anti-trichuriasis effect of 400 mg albendazole taken daily for five consecutive days vs. seven consecutive days.Methods A randomized open clinical trial was conducted from August to September 2009 on elementary school children at Jaring Halus in the North Sumatera Province. Stool specimens were collected before treatment and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after initiation of treatment, and examined by the Kato Katz method. Subjects were randomized into two groups. Group I received 400 mg albendazole daily for five consecutive days and Group II received 400 mg albendazole daily for seven consecutive days. Cure rates and egg reduction rates were compared using Chi-square and T-tests, respectively.Results One hundred twenty-one children were enrolled, consisted of 61 children in Group I and 60 in Group II. For the first week after treatment ended, the cure rates in Group II was higher (86.7%) than in the Group I (39.3%) (P=0.001), as well as in the second week after treatment ended (88.3% vs 68.9%, P=0.017). However, after 3rd and 4th weeks, the cure rates were no longer significantly different. Egg reduction rate was also statistically higher in the Group II [20.3 (SD 23.77) %] compared to Group I [6.6 (SD 11.30) %].Conclusions Albendazole for seven consecutive days is more effective in curing Trichuris trichiura infection in the 1st and 2nd weeks after treatment compared to that of five consecutive days, as well as in egg reduction rate, but the length of treatment does not influence the cure rate after the 3rd and 4th weeks.
Obesity and secondary sexual maturity in boys
Authors: Femina Modella Rahmani , Julia Madarina , Machfudz Soeroyo
Published: August 2016

Background Obesity induces earlier secondary sexual maturity in girls. However, results of studies in boys have been inconclusive.Objective To assess for an association between obesity and sexual maturity in boys.Methods This was a prospective cohort study on 133 obese and 133 matched-for-age, non-obese, prepubertal boys, aged 9 to 10 years. They were observed every 4 months for a two year period. Obesity was defined as the BMI ≥the 95th percentile, according to the Centers for Disease Control 2000 growth charts. Secondary sexual maturity was defined as testicular volume of ≥4 mL and Tanner staging of pubic hair of ≥P2. Two trained nurses and a pediatric resident collected the data.Results By the end of the study period, 106 (79.7%) obese boys had attained a testicular volume of 4 mL or more, vs. 85 (63.9%) non-obese boys (RR 1.78; 95%CI 1.19 to 2.67; P=0.004). Furthermore, 81 (60.9%) obese boys attained pubic hair states of Tanner stage P2 vs. 37 (27.8%) non-obese boys (RR 1.85 95%CI 1.46 to 2.34; P<0.001). The mean durations for achieving testicular volume of ≥4 mL were 21.25 (95%CI 20.75 to 21.74) months in obese boys and 22.26 (95%CI 21.80 to 22.72) months in non-obese boys (P=0.007). The mean durations for achieving Tanner stage P2 were 17.04 (95%CI 16.44 to 17.63) months in obese boys and 20.87 (95%CI 20.05 to 21.68) months in non-obese boys.Conclusion Obesity is associated with earlier onset of sexual maturity in boys.
The role of E-cadherin - 160C/A polymorphism in breast cancer
Authors: Luo Gaojian , Huang Diyu , Tao Ran , Chen Jianfeng
Published: August 2016

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. Numerous studies have suggested that the E-cadherin adhesion system is dysregulated in cancer cells. These impaired functions of E-cadherin contribute to releasing cancer cells from the primary lesion to cell dedifferentiation. Some studies have shown that polymorphism may affect E-cadherin expression, and then play a role in susceptibility to breast cancer. However, the results remained controversial. In this short review, we summarize the functions of E-cadherin and the signaling pathways it regulates, and assess the association between CDH1 polymorphisms and breast cancer susceptibility. This study suggests that genetic variation in CDH1 and -160C/A polymorphism may have an association with breast cancer risk. The assessment of CDH1 polymorphisms may be used for the identification of patients suitable for anti- CDH1 therapy.
Newly-presented potential targeted drugs in the treatment of renal cell cancer
Authors: Zhang Jingfeng , He Qinsi , Zheng Zhi
Published: August 2016

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most frequent form of renal cancer, and is associated with a high frequency of metastasis. While, there is few therapeutic methods can substantially prolong survival. Superior to cytokine therapy with IL-2 and/or IFN-a, several newer targeted treatments are available for the treatment of patients with advanced conventional (clear cell) renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which received improved outcomes. These newer targeted treatments include the multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs, sorafenib, sunitinib, pazopanib, and axitinib), the humanised antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody [bevacizumab combined with interferon (IFN)-a], and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) complex 1 kinase inhibitors (everolimus and temsirolimus). However, these targeted drugs are still associated with limited efficacy and high toxicity, so there is still a strong need for further discovery of new targeted drugs. In the present manuscript, we summarize newly-presented potential targeted drugs for RCC, classified by drug characteristic, small molecule, small molecule combination, monoclonal antibody, polysaccharides, organometals and peptides.
A Note on Regular De Morgan Semi-Heyting Algebras
Authors: Sankappanavar Hanamantagouda P.
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this note is two-fold. Firstly, we prove that the variety RDMSH
Interval Decomposition Lattices are Balanced
Authors: Foldes Stephan , Radeleczki Sándor
Published: August 2016

Intervals in binary or n-ary relations or other discrete structures generalize the concept of an interval in a linearly ordered set. They are defined abstractly as closed sets of a closure system on a set, satisfying certain axioms. Join-irreducible partitions into intervals are characterized in the lattice of all interval decompositions. This result is used to show that the lattice of interval decompositions is balanced, and the case when this lattice is distributive is also characterised.
C3-Modules
Authors: Atani Shahabaddin Ebrahimi , Khoramdel Mehdi , Hesari Saboura Dolati Pish
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we provide some characterizations of semisimple rings, right V-rings, right hereditary and regular right FGC-rings in terms of C3-modules. The notions of C3-envelope and C3-cover are introduced.
Interpolations of Bargmann Type Measures
Authors: Asai Nobuhiro , Krystek Anna Dorota , Wojakowski Łukasz Jan
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we shall discuss Bargmann type measures on C for several classes of probability measures on R. The unified interpolation expressions include not only the classical Bargmann measure and its q-deformation, but also their t-deformations and dilations. As a special case, we get conditions on existence and an explicit form of the Bargmann representation for the free Meixner family of probability measures.
Estimates for distribution of the minimal distance of a random linear code
Authors: Kopyttcev Viktor A. , Mikhailov Vladimir G.
Published: August 2016

The distribution function of the minimum distance (the minimum weight of nonzero codewords) of a random linear code over a finite field is studied. Expicit bounds in the form of inequalities and asymptotic estimates for this distribution function are obtained.
Galois theory for clones and superclones
Authors: Peryazev Nikolay A. , Sharankhaev Ivan K.
Published: August 2016

We study clones (closed sets of operations that contain projections) and superclones on finite sets. According to A. I. Mal’tsev a clone may be considered as an algebra. If we replace algebra universe with a set of multioperations and add the operation of simplest equation solvability then we will obtain an algebra called a superclone. The paper establishes Galois connection between clones and superclones.
Overgroups of order 2
n
additive regular groups of a residue ring and of a vector space
Authors: Pogorelov Boris A. , Pudovkina Marina A.
Published: August 2016

The additive groups of the residue ring ℤ2
n

and of the vector space Vn
over the field GF(2), as well as the group Gn
generated by these additive groups, share common imprimitivity systems and enter as subgroups into the Sylow 2-subgroup of the symmetric group S(ℤ
2n

). These groups are used in cryptography as an encryption tool with the operations of addition in Vn
and ℤ
2n

. The permutation structure of the subgroups of the group Gn
is presented. The kernels of homomorphisms which correspond to various systems of imprimitivity, the normal subgroups, and some modular representations of the group Gn
over the field GF(2) are described.
Development of the model of protected
cross-border information interaction
Authors: Biyashev R. G. , Nyssanbayeva S. E. , Begimbayeva Ye. Y.
Published: August 2016

This article investigates a proposed model of
cross-border exchange and information security in the
cross-border interaction in the integration system. A structural
scheme of protected cross-border information exchange
is proposed. Cross-border interaction of sides for
information exchange in the integrated system is provided
by the creation and use of the integration segment and national
segments. The main tasks of a trusted third party
are formulated. The model of sides’ interaction scheme
of the integration system using the integration gateway
is presented. In this paper, a model of modified nonconventional
digital signature system based on the scheme of
the Digital Signature Algorithm and nonpositional polynomial
number systems (NPNs) are described. Application
of NPNs allows creating effective cryptographic systems of
high reliability, which enables the confidentiality, authentication,
integrity of stored and transmitted information.
The Place of Nailfold Capillaroscopy Among Instrumental Methods for Assessment of Some Peripheral Ischaemic Syndromes in Rheumatology
Authors: Lambova Sevdalina N.
Published: August 2016

Micro- and macrovascular pathology is a frequent finding in a number of common rheumatic diseases. Secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) is among the most common symptoms in systemic sclerosis and several other systemic autoimmune diseases including a broad differential diagnosis. It should be also differential from other peripheral vascular syndromes such as embolism, thrombosis, etc., some of which lead to clinical manifestation of the blue toe syndrome.

The current review discusses the instrumental methods for vascular assessments.

Nailfold capillaroscopy is the only method among the imaging techniques that can be used for morphological assessment of the nutritive capillaries in the nailfold area. Laser-Doppler flowmetry and laser-Doppler imaging are methods for functional assessment of microcirculation, while thermography and plethysmography reflect both blood flow in peripheral arteries and microcirculation. Doppler ultrasound and angiography visualize peripheral arteries. The choice of the appropriate instrumental method is guided by the clinical presentation. The main role of capillaroscopy is to provide differential diagnosis between primary and secondary RP. In rheumatology, capillaroscopic changes in systemic sclerosis have been recently defined as diagnostic. The appearance of abnormal capillaroscopic pattern inherits high positive predictive value for the development of a connective tissue disease that is higher than the predictive value of antinuclear antibodies. In cases of abrupt onset of peripheral ischaemia, clinical signs of critical ischaemia, unilateral or lower limb involvement, Doppler ultrasound and angiography are indicated. The most common causes for such clinical picture that may be referred to rheumatologic consultation are the antiphospholipid syndrome, mimickers of vasculitides such as atherosclerosis with cholesterol emboli, and neoplasms.
Changes in Hematologic and Coagulation Profiles in Rabbits with Right-ventricle Pacing
Authors: Uhrikova Ivana , Sepsi Milan , Hlozkova Jana , Suchy Pavel , Kasajova Marta , Machackova Katerina , Delev Delian P. , Ciccocioppo Rachele , Kruzliak Peter , Scheer Peter
Published: August 2016

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in hematology and coagulation in rabbits with right-ventricle pacing without medication.

Animals and methods: Blood was collected from ten non-anesthetized male rabbits from the jugular vein before and one month after pacemaker placement. Total erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and differential leukocyte count were done on automatic veterinary flow cytometry hematologic analyzer. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen level, D-dimers and kaolin-activated thromboelastography was measured from citrated blood.

Results: We found an increase in red blood cell mass and decrease in platelet count, while coagulation tests did not diff er between samplings.

Conclusion: Right-ventricle pacing seems to have no influence on hemostasis in rabbits.
The T-SCAN System in Evaluating Occlusal Contacts
Authors: Bozhkova Tanya P.
Published: August 2016

Background: Normal occlusal and articulation relations between the jaws ensure equal distribution of occlusal forces during mastication. A T-SCAN system allows these relations to be measured dynamically during the articulation cycle.

Aim: To evaluate the T-SCAN III system in measuring and assessing the forces of occlusal contacts and their digital presentation.

Patients and methods: Thirty students aged 19 - 22 years were examined. Of these only one matched the study criteria:

- intact dentition;

- without or with class I fillings in teeth 36 or 46;

- Angle’s class I jaw relation

We used a computerized occlusal analysis system T-SCAN in the study. It comes with a registering sensor for the occlusal contacts, a module for transmitting the signals to a computer, and conversion software to generate images on a computer screen.

Results: We evaluated the system’s capabilities in registering the occlusal contacts during mastication on an occlusion film and the occlusal forces using a digital display.

Conclusion: The T-SCAN system provides the only accurate way to determine and evaluate the time sequence and force of occlusal contacts by converting the qualitative data into quantitative and displaying them digitally.
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Pregnant Women and its Importance for Candida Colonization of Newborns
Authors: Zisova Liliya G. , Chokoeva Anastasia A. , Amaliev Georgi I. , Petleshkova Penka V. , Miteva-Katrandzhieva Tsonka М. , Krasteva Maya B. , Uchikova Ekaterina H. , Kouzmanov Andrei H. , Ivanova Zoya V.
Published: August 2016

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second most common cause of vaginitis worldwide (after bacterial candidiasis). Maternal vulvovaginal candidiasis is a major risk factor for Candida colonization and infection of the infant where prognosis depends on different predisposing factors. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and the etiological structure of vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnant women and its impact on Candida colonization of newborns.

Materials and methods: Samples of vaginal secretions from 80 healthy pregnant women who were clinically suspicious for Candida vaginitis were collected within 48 hours before delivery. Samples for probable Candida colonization from the oral mucosa and feces were collected from their newborns within 47-72 hours after birth. Samples were plated on Sabouraud agar, followed by species identification by API Candida yeast assay.

Results: Twenty-three (28.75 ± 5.06%) of the evaluated pregnant women were positive for Candida spp. Positive samples for Candida colonization were found in 18 (22.22 ± 4.62%) of the examined 81 newborns (one pair of twins) from mothers who were clinically suspicious for vaginal candidiasis. Isolates of the newborns were 100% identical to those of the mothers’ vaginal secretion. Candida albicans was the predominant species identified in the pregnant women (91.67 ± 0.06%) and in the neonates (83.33±8.78%).
Celiac Disease and Cystic Fibrosis: Challenges to Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Ramos Alessandra Teixeira Pessoa , Figueirêdo Manuella Machado , Aguiar Ana Paula de B. , Almeida Carolina de Godoy , Mendes Patrícia S. A. , Souza Edna Lucia
Published: August 2016

Cystic fibrosis and celiac disease were considered a single clinical entity for many years. Differentiation between the diseases occurred some time in the 1930s of the 20th Century. Both diseases may present the intestinal malabsorption syndrome and similar clinical manifestations that contribute to difficulties with clinical distinction. We describe a report of two patients with initial diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, who were subsequently diagnosed with celiac disease.

These case reports emphasize the possibility of false positivity being shown in the sweat test in CD, which may result in delayed diagnosis and inadequate management of this disease.
Global stability analysis and control of leptospirosis
Authors: Okosun Kazeem Oare , Mukamuri M. , Makinde Daniel Oluwole
Published: August 2016

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of leptospirosis control measures, preventive vaccination and treatment of infective humans that may curtail the disease transmission. For this, a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of the disease that includes preventive, vaccination, treatment of infective vectors and humans control measures are considered. Firstly, the constant control parameters’ case is analyzed, also calculate the basic reproduction number and investigate the existence and stability of equilibria. The threshold condition for disease-free equilibrium is found to be locally asymptotically stable and can only be achieved when the basic reproduction number is less than unity. The model is found to exhibit the existence of multiple endemic equilibria. Furthermore, to assess the relative impact of each of the constant control parameters measures the sensitivity index of the basic reproductive number to the model’s parameters are calculated. In the time-dependent constant control case, Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle is used to derive necessary conditions for the optimal control of the disease. The cost-effectiveness analysis is carried out by first of all using ANOVA to check on the mean costs. Then followed by Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) for all the possible combinations of the disease control measures. Our results revealed that the most cost-effective strategy for the control of leptospirosis is the combination of the vaccination and treatment of infective livestocks. Though the combinations of all control measures is also effective, however, this strategy is not cost-effective and so too costly. Therefore, more efforts from policy makers on vaccination and treatment of infectives livestocks regime would go a long way to combat the disease epidemic.
The application of a modified Monte Carlo method in the simulation of settlement pattern’s spatial development in the example of Mstów (Śląskie voivodship, Poland)
Authors: Wolski Oskar
Published: August 2016

The first aim of the article is to propose the simulation of the settlement patterns development as an element of spatial planning methodology. In order to conduct such a simulation, a modified Monte Carlo method can be used. It approximates the spatial distribution of a studied phenomenon based on numerical calculations and implemented variables. Referring to previous works in which the method was applied, the author tested it on the village of Mstów. It was assumed that this method could highlight land features that are unreachable using traditional approaches in complex systems analyses.

The second aim was to investigate some of the determinants of contemporary spatial development. The conducted simulation demonstrated features of Mstów settlement pattern and proved determinants in its future development, including: the existence of areas especially predisposed for building, the decreasing number of new buildings being built, the decreasing importance of factors that were relevant in the past, and a significant relevance of the human factor. It was also proven that land development may occur on areas less predisposed to building.
Optimization Method for Solution Model of Laser Tracker Multilateration Measurement
Authors: Chen Hongfang , Tan Zhi , Shi Zhaoyao , Song Huixu , Yan Hao
Published: August 2016

Multilateration measurement using laser trackers suffers from a cumbersome solution method for high-precision measurements. Errors are induced by the self-calibration routines of the laser tracker software. This paper describes an optimization solution model for laser tracker multilateration measurement, which effectively inhibits the negative effect of this self-calibration, and further, analyzes the accuracy of the singular value decomposition for the described solution model. Experimental verification for the solution model based on laser tracker and coordinate measuring machine (CMM) was performed. The experiment results show that the described optimization model for laser tracker multilateration measurement has good accuracy control, and has potentially broad application in the field of laser tracker spatial localization.
The Cosine Error: A Bayesian Procedure for Treating a Non-repetitive Systematic Effect
Authors: Lira Ignacio , Grientschnig Dieter
Published: August 2016

An inconsistency with respect to variable transformations in our previous treatment of the cosine error example with repositioning (Metrologia, vol. 47, pp. R1–R14) is pointed out. The problem refers to the measurement of the vertical height of a column of liquid in a manometer. A systematic effect arises because of the possible deviation of the measurement axis from the vertical, which may be different each time the measurement is taken. A revised procedure for treating this problem is proposed; it consists in straightforward application of Bayesian statistics using a conditional reference prior with partial information. In most practical applications, the numerical differences between the two procedures will be negligible, so the interest of the revised one is mainly of conceptual nature. Nevertheless, similar measurement models may appear in other contexts, for example, in intercomparisons, so the present investigation may serve as a warning to analysts against applying the same methodology we used in our original approach to the present problem.
Sensitivity Jump of Micro Accelerometer Induced by Micro-fabrication Defects of Micro Folded Beams
Authors: Zhou Wu , Chen Lili , Yu Huijun , Peng Bei , Chen Yu
Published: August 2016

The abnormal phenomenon occurring in sensor calibration is an obstacle to product development but a useful guideline to product improvement. The sensitivity jump of micro accelerometers in the calibrating process is recognized as an important abnormal behavior and investigated in this paper. The characteristics of jumping output in the centrifuge test are theoretically and experimentally analyzed and their underlying mechanism is found to be related to the varied stiffness of supporting beam induced by the convex defect on it. The convex defect is normally formed by the lithography deviation and/or etching error and can result in a jumping stiffness of folded microbeams and further influence the sensitivity when a part of the bending beams is stopped from moving by two surfaces contacting. The jumping level depends on the location of convex and has nothing to do with the contacting properties of beam and defects. Then the location of defect is predicted by theoretical model and simulation and verified by the observation of micro structures under microscopy. The results indicate that the tested micro accelerometer has its defect on the beam with a distance of about 290μm from the border of proof mass block.
Dynamic Analysis of Coupled Vehicle-Bridge System with Uniformly Variable Speed
Authors: Wei-zhen Li , Chang-ping Chen , Yi-qi Mao , Chang-zhao Qian
Published: August 2016

In this paper, a planar biaxial vehicle model with four degrees of freedom is presented based on spring-damping-mass system theory. By using Runge-Kutta method, the dynamic characteristics of a simply support bridge acting by moving vehicle with uniform variable speed are analyzed, and the effects of inertia force, relative acceleration and initial velocity are taken into consideration in the present research. The time-deflection response curves of the bridge under the variation of initial speed and acceleration are analyzed. Some valuable results are found which can provide a theoretical direction for the consideration of dynamical characteristics in design of bridge system.
Postpartum Mental State of Mothers of Twins
Authors: Brantmüller Éva , Gyúró Mónika , Galgán Kitti , Pakai Annamária
Published: August 2016

Twin birth is a relevant risk factor for postnatal depression (PND). The primary objective of our study is to reveal the prevalence of suspected cases of depression and to identify some background factors among mothers of twins. We applied convenience sampling method within a retrospective, quantitative study among mothers given birth to twins for six months, but, at least, three years. The participants completed the self-administered, modular questionnaire and the standard EPDS questionnaire anonymously. 35% of mothers of twins reached or exceeded the threshold value for depression following the first six months after delivery. No significant difference was found in the prevalence of the suspected cases among the primipara and multipara (p=1.000). At the same time, artificial conception proved to be a significant risk factor (p= 0.019). Distraught family life (p=0.001) and unfavorable changes in a domestic partnership (p=0.009) increased the prevalence of the suspected cases of depression significantly. The health visitor is the only person who knows the hierarchy of families with their weaknesses and strengths in the Hungarian primary health care; therefore, her role is unquestionable in the recognition of maternal mood disorders. The health visitor compares the scores of the EPDS questionnaire with the experiences during family visits, and with all of these facts, she refers the person in need to a specialist.
Are Future Teachers Methodically Trained to Distinguish Good from Bad Educational Software?
Authors: Pjanić Karmelita , Hamzabegović Jasna
Published: August 2016

In the era of information technology and general digitization of society, invasion of every kind of software is evident. No matter how laudable is the existence and development of educational software, taking into account its role, its quality and whether it achieves the desired goal is very important. In addition to programming experts it is necessary to include educational experts in certain fields when developing educational software. Those who should take an active part and be able to distinguish good from bad educational software are certainly teachers. Especially as they should be the most competent persons from which parents will seek the advice and opinion when searching for appropriate educational software.
Teaching Method
Authors: Niculescu Carmen-Mihaela
Published: August 2016

The human being started as a self-educated person, this way managing to improve his living. For his descendants to avoid failures, he started to share his ancestors’ experience. When some people’s knowledge acquirement became big, they were called the sages, and among of them became eventually teachers, that took the role of transmitting the useful information related to life environmental conditions they lived. In time, their needs became more and more complex and their knowledge deeper. In the act of teaching itself, teachers create a shortcut between necessity and solving it, going beyond failures. Obviously, the present society is technologized, where the human being uses technology but he also searches for himself. This quest should be naturally performed with the help of the educator, of the experienced student, so that he could shape the young man and make him feel good with himself and find his place within society. The current education system describes to younger people nothing more than the evolution of science, technique and art, starting with the first trials till our days. What is really mandatory for us is to find a way where the educational system could become again a necessity for a person and not a way to keep very many people busy, while they can be intellectually and psycho-emotionally shaped.
What does it Mean to Educate?
Authors: Knausz Imre
Published: August 2016

This paper focuses on the most abstract and most boring question of pedagogy or, as I prefer to call my field of interest, the theory of pedagogy. My aim is to try to rehash and re-pose this question – maybe even answer it? In this regard, Ottó Mihály advises us to be careful; in the preface to his notes on the philosophy of pedagogy he asserts that we do not know what educating is but we know that there exist “various valid and eligible answers” to this question.
Correlation Between Leadership Effectiveness and Personality Preferences at a Hungarian Independent Financial Advisor Company
Authors: Mészáros Aranka , Budavári-Takács Ildikó
Published: August 2016

The main focus of our research is to study, with the help of the dimensions of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (hereinafter: MBTI) the personality preferences of those leaders at the financial advisor company who are successful already. In the present study first we introduce the preferences of MBTI. Then we go on to define our hypothesis regarding the typical preferences of the leaders, focusing on the main leadership tasks of the company.
Molecular dynamics simulation of aluminium melting
Authors: Novak Jakob
Published: August 2016

Solid–liquid phase transition has been simulated by the molecular dynamics method, using isobaric–isoenthalpic ensemble. For interatomic potential, glue potential has been selected. The original algorithm for bookkeeping of the information on neighbouring relationships of the atoms has been developed and used in this research. Time consumption for calculation of interatomic forces has been reduced from o(N
2
) to o(N) by the use of this algorithm.

Calculations show that phase transition from solid to liquid occurs between 1,000 K and 1,300 K. The simulated temperature of phase transition is higher than the experimental value due to the absence of crystal defects. If constant heat flux is supplied, temperature decreases during melting because the superheated state becomes unstable. During the cooling process, no significant changes of the observed variables were detected due to the high cooling rate, which prevents crystallisation.
Research of Cavitation at High Shear Stress
Authors: Csuka Zoltán , Olšiak Róbert , Fuszko Zoltán
Published: August 2016

The article describes the theory of cavitation at high values of shear stress in a viscous liquid. For this purpose, a spatial model of two cylindrical shells imposed concentrically was designed. In the narrow gap between the cylinders the temperature, density and viscosity of liquid is constant. Shear stress is induced by the rotary motion of the inner cylinder, resulting in a change of velocity and pressure fields. Due to the pressure drop between the cylinders there is a precondition to the formation of cavitation bubbles at the point of the lowest static pressure. To verify the assumption was made CFD model based on simplified physical model, through which cavitation was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed. In this paper the results of the numerical solution will be presented alongside with basic form of experimental device for physical generation of cavitation at high values of shear stress.
Influence of Induction Hardening on Wear Resistance in Case of Rolling Contact
Authors: Šofer Michal , Fajkoš Rostislav , Halama Radim
Published: August 2016

The main aim of the presented paper is to show how heat treatment, in our case the induction hardening, will affect the wear rates as well as the ratcheting evolution process beneath the contact surface in the field of line rolling contact. Used wear model is based on shear band cracking mechanism [1] and non-linear kinematic and isotropic hardening rule of Chaboche and Lemaitre. The entire numerical simulations have been realized in the C# programming language. Results from numerical simulations are subsequently compared with experimental data.
FSW Numerical Simulation of Aluminium Plates by Sysweld - Part I
Authors: Jančo Roland , Écsi Ladislav , Élesztős Pavel
Published: August 2016

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is one of the most effective solid state joining processes and it has numerous potential applications in many industries. The simulation process can provide the evolution of physical quantities such as temperature, metallurgical phase proportions, stress and strain which can be easily measured during welding. The numerical modelling requires the modelling of a complex interaction between thermal, metallurgical and mechanical phenomena. The aim of this paper is to describe the thermal-fluid simulation of FSW using the finite element method. In the theoretical part of the paper heating is provided by the material flow and contact condition between the tool and the welded material. The thermal-fluid results from the numerical simulation for aluminium alloy using SYSWELD are also presented in this paper.
On Relations Between Singlet and Triplet Recombination Yields for Singlet and Triplet Precursors
Authors: Doktorov Alexander B.
Published: August 2016

The relations have been analytically derived for recombination yields of radical pairs with different precursor states and by different reaction channels (singlet and/or triplet) in arbitrary magnetic and microwave fields. Recombination of two particles from a radical pair mostly with anisotropic reactivity is assumed to take place in a narrow reaction zone, and relative translation motion including rotation of reactants may be an arbitrary stochastic process. In addition, the approach may take into account the time-dependent spin Hamiltonian. The novel method for the calculation of recombination yields is suggested, and general expressions for recombination yields are derived for strong singlet-triplet dephasing. Some of the relations and expressions are the basis of the results given in the literature and their generalization to the case of non-model reacting systems that does not use simplification of reactants structure and reactants motion in solutions.
Enhancing Digital Video Analysis of Bar Kinematics in Weightlifting: A Case Study
Authors: Dæhlin Torstein E. , Krosshaug Tron , Chiu Loren Z.F.
Published: August 2016

Dæhlin, TE, Krosshaug, T, and Chiu, LZF. Enhancing digital video analysis of bar kinematics in weightlifting: a case study. J Strength Cond Res 31(6): 1592–1600, 2017—Weightlifting technique can be objectively assessed from two-dimensional video recordings. Despite its importance, participants' bar trajectories in research involving the snatch or clean exercises are often not reported, potentially due to the time required to digitize video. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the use of a light-emitting diode (LED)-based marker, digital video, and open-source software to automatically track the bar end during weightlifting exercises. A former national-level weightlifter was recorded with a digital video camera performing the snatch, clean and jerk, and squat exercises. An LED-based marker was placed on the right end of the bar. This marker was automatically tracked using 2 open-source software programs to obtain vertical and horizontal position coordinates. The LED-based marker was successfully auto-tracked for all videos over a variety of camera settings. Furthermore, the vertical and horizontal bar displacements and vertical bar velocity were consistent between the 2 software programs. This study demonstrates that an LED-based marker can be automatically tracked using open-source software. This combination of an LED-based marker, consumer camera, and open-source software is an accessible, low-cost method to objectively evaluate weightlifting technique.
Effect of a Compressive Garment on Kinematics of Jump-Landing Tasks
Authors: de Britto Morgana A. , Lemos Andressa L. , dos Santos Christielen S. , Stefanyshyn Darren J. , Carpes Felipe P.
Published: August 2016

de Britto, MA, Lemos, AL, dos Santos, CS, Stefanyshyn, DJ, and Carpes, FP. Effect of a compressive garment on kinematics of jump-landing tasks. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2480–2488, 2017—During jump-landing tasks, knee kinematics such as excessive valgus have been linked to knee injury in females. We determine the influence of a compressive garment on knee valgus during landing. Physically active women (n = 27, mean age 23 years) performed 4 different jump-landing tasks with 2 apparel conditions (compressive garment and regular sports shorts). Kinematic data were collected to determine knee flexion and valgus angles and the maximum jump height. Results showed that the compressive garment decreased knee flexion and knee valgus range of motion, without significant changes in the maximum jump height. As a practical application, we suggest that compression could be a strategy to reduce dynamic valgus without influencing jump performance, which motivates further study of its potential for knee injury prevention.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Compression Garments on Autonomic Nervous System Recovery After Exercise
Authors: Piras Alessandro , Gatta Giorgio
Published: August 2016

Piras, A and Gatta, G. Evaluation of the effectiveness of compression garments on autonomic nervous system recovery after exercise. J Strength Cond Res 31(6): 1636–1643, 2017—The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the recovery pattern of a whole-body compression garment on hemodynamic parameters and on autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity after a swimming performance. Ten young male athletes were recruited and tested in 2 different days, with and without wearing the garment during the recovery phase. After a warm-up of 15 minutes, athletes were instructed to perform a maximal 400-m freestyle swimming event, and then time series of beat-to-beat intervals for heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and hemodynamic parameters were recorded for 90 minutes of recovery. The vagally mediated high frequency (HF) power of R-R intervals, NN50, and pNN50 showed a faster recovery due to the costume; meanwhile, the low frequency (LF) spectral component of HRV (LFRR) index of sympathetic modulation of the heart and the LF:HF ratio and BRS alpha index (αLF) were augmented in control than in garment condition. When athletes wore the swimsuit, cardiac output was increased and the returning of the blood to the heart, investigated as stroke volume, was kept constant because of the reduction of the total peripheral resistances. During control condition, heart rate (HR) was restored back to baseline value 20 minutes later with respect to garment condition, confirming that the swimsuit recover faster. The effectiveness of the swimsuit on ANS activity after a maximal aerobic performance has been shown with a greater recovery in terms of HRV and hemodynamic parameters. Baroreflex sensitivity was reduced in both conditions, maybe due to prolonged vasodilatation that may have also influenced the postexercise hypotension.
KURUMSAL İTİBAR VE HİZMET KALİTESİNİN MÜŞTERİ MEMNUNİYETİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: İSTANBUL’DA ALIŞVERİŞ MERKEZLERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Duygun Adnan , Menteş S. Ahmet
Published: August 2016

Perakendecilik Alışveriş Merkezlerinin (AVM) yaygınlaşması ile birlikte her geçen gün büyüyen bir sektör haline gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, perakende sektöründe kurumsal itibar ve hizmet kalitesinin müşteri memnuniyeti üzerine etkilerini ortaya koymak için bir model geliştirmek ve test etmektir. Kurumsal itibarı ölçmek için RepTrak ölçeği, perakende hizmet kalitesini ölçmek için ise perakende hizmet kalitesi ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre kurumsal itibarın müşteri menuniyeti üzerine etkisinin olmadığı bulunmuştur. Perakende hizmet kalitesini temsil eden faktörlerden fiziksel görünüm ve materyaller ile iletişim ve problem çözmenin müşteri memnuniyeti üzerine etkileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kurumsal itibar ile perakende hizmet kalitesi arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde, aralarında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çerçevede geleceğe yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
FACTORS AFFECTING FINANCIAL CONSUMERS’ PRIVATE PENSION PLAN DECISIONS: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK PROPOSAL
Authors: Aydın Aslı Elif , Akben Selçuk Elif
Published: August 2016

The objective of this study is to propose a framework related to financial consumers’ private pension plan decisions. Specifically, we review the factors affecting consumers’ participation, contribution and asset allocation decisions regarding private pensions. The factors discussed include situational and dispositional factors, personality, motivation, financial literacy, and external influences. Based on this survey of literature, we develop a number of propositions, which are expected to benefit individual retirement planners and pension institutions in gaining a better understanding of retirement saving decisions.