bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amphibian richness, rarity, threats, and conservation prospects across the U.S. National Park System
Authors: LaFrance Benjamin J. , Ray Andrew M. , Tercek Michael T. , Fisher Robert N. , Hossack Blake R.
Published: November 2024

We assessed amphibian diversity, rarity, and threats across the National Park System (U.S.A.), which covers 3.5% of the country and 12% of federal lands. At least 230 of 354 (65%) amphibian species documented in the country occur on National Park Service lands. Of species in parks, 17% are at-risk globally and 20% are uncategorized, reflecting still-widespread data deficiencies. National parks in the Northwest and Northeast had the steepest species‒area relationships. Non-native crayfishes and amphibians occur within 50 km of 60% and 25% of parks, respectively, illustrating the broad threat of non-native predators. Projected mid-century (2040–2069) changes in climatic water deficit, based on 25 climate futures, produced an expected 34% increase in dryness across all national parks in the conterminous U.S.A. Our analyses highlight the extent and regional differences in current and future threats and reveal gaps in species protection, but also reveal opportunities for targeted expansion and active management.
Non-Hermitian selective thermal emitter for thermophotovoltaics
Authors: Samuel Prasad Ciril , Naik Gururaj V.
Published: November 2024

For a sustainable future, efficient, compact, and solid-state energy converters are critical. Thermophotovoltaics (TPV)—a solid-state scheme to convert heat into electricity—is promising for thermal storage and generation1. TPV systems employing selective thermal emitters allow compact designs for various terrestrial and space applications and, hence, have garnered much attention. Despite significant research efforts, these systems have low efficiency. The selective thermal emitter and the low-bandgap photovoltaic cell contribute to this problem. Here, we solve the shortcomings of the thermal emitter by using a novel approach inspired by non-Hermitian optics. We demonstrate a hybrid metal-dielectric non-Hermitian selective emitter (NHE) with high spectral efficiency (> 60%) and employ the NHE in a TPV system operating at 1273 K. We show that a maximum TPV conversion efficiency of 12% is possible at 1273 K, though our preliminary experiments employing an uncooled PV cell showed a much lower efficiency.
Reactive oxygen species-scavenging biomaterials for neural regenerative medicine
Authors: Wei Feng , Yang Wen , Wang Huiru , Song Saijie , Ji Yuxuan , Chen Zhong , Zhuang Yan , Dai Jianwu , Shen He
Published: November 2024

Development of ROS-scavenging biomaterials for neural regenerative medicine.
Catalyst speciation and deactivation in the ruthenium-mediated transformation of ethynyl-β-ionol to α,β-unsaturated esters for vitamin A synthesis
Authors: Saib Asad , Goy Roman , Medlock Jonathan , Wüstenberg Bettina , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Lyall Catherine L. , Lowe John P. , Hintermair Ulrich
Published: November 2024

Sustainable production of essential vitamins through Ru-catalysis.
Heterogeneous hydroformylation of internal alkenes over a defect-laden hexagonal BN supported RhCo alloy: reaction performance modulated by N vacancies
Authors: Qiu Bowen , Liu Shujuan , Liu Shimin , Cui Xinjiang , He Dongcheng , Zhao Kang , Wang Bin , Shi Feng
Published: November 2024

RhCo alloy anchored on the defect-containing boron nitride by the defect sites. Vacancies promote metal dispersion and the formation of alloys, improving the performance of the alkenes hydroformylation reaction.
Intermediate phase induced in situ self-reconstruction of amorphous NASICON for long-life solid-state sodium metal batteries
Authors: Wei Benben , Huang Shuo , Wang Xuan , Liu Min , Huang Can , Liu Ruoqing , Jin Hongyun
Published: November 2024

An intermediate phase self-construction strategy is proposed to improve the ion transfer and the interfacial compatibility of solid-state electrolyte and Na.
Electrochemical investigation of an antipyretic drug in plant extracts and environmental samples at the O-MWCNT/CuO nanostructure modified glassy carbon electrode
Authors: Richard Yesurajan Allwin , Lincy Sebastinbaskar Aniu , Lo An-Ya , Koventhan Chelliah , Dharuman Venkataraman , Piraman Shakkthivel
Published: November 2024

The overall synthesis procedure of the O-MWCNT/CuO hybrid nanocomposite and its electrochemical investigation with an antipyretic drug.
Optimizing oxygen vacancy concentration and electronic transport processes in a MnxCo/CeO2 nanoreactor: regulation mechanism of the radical to non-radical pathway
Authors: Qin Hailan , Wang Jiahao , Di Siyuan , Liu Yunkang , Chen Pin , Liu Min , Zhang Qiuyue , Zhu Shukui
Published: November 2024

Bimetallic doping (Co and Mn) and an appropriate concentration of OVs facilitated interfacial electron transfer processes, enhanced the efficiency of PMS utilization, and thus resulted in excellent catalytic performance for CIP removal.
Heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 6235 is more effective than live on DSS-induced colitis via modulation of intestinal microbiota and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Yucong , Xie Zhixin , Du Lei , Wang Qi , Zhang Lili , Wu Yunzhou , Han Jianchun
Published: November 2024

This study compared the protective effects of both live Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 6235 (LLP 6235) and heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei 6235 (HK-LP 6235) on ulcerative colitis.
A new mesoporous Ce–Mn-LDH-based Co-MOF nano-composite for the green synthesis of tetrazoloquinazolines
Authors: Javadi Samira , Habibi Davood
Published: November 2024

Tannic acid (TA), as a plant polyphenol, has active sites for chelation, so TA-Olig were used as ligands on the surface of Ce–Mn-LDH to prepare the layered double hydroxide-based metal–organic framework (Ce–Mn-LDH@CPTMS@TA-Olig@Co-MOF = E).
Charge-switchable zwitterionic nanomagnets for wastewater remediation
Authors: Reja Sohel , Vasudevan Sukumaran
Published: November 2024

pH-induced surface charge switchable zwitterionic magnetic nanoparticles for wastewater remediation.
First-principles investigations of As-doped tetragonal boron nitride nanosheets for toxic gas sensing applications
Authors: Hossain Kamal , Ahmed Mohammad Tanvir , Rabu Rabeya Akter , Ahmed Farid
Published: November 2024

The adsorption of CO2, SO3, and H2S gases on pristine and As-doped tetragonal boron nitride sheets (BNS) has been studied. As-doping significantly improves BNS's adsorption process.
Magnetic field-assisted nanochain formation of intermixed catalytic Co–Pd nanoparticles
Authors: Preger Calle , Rämisch Lisa , Zetterberg Johan , Blomberg Sara , Messing Maria E.
Published: November 2024

Mixed Co–Pd nanoparticles assemble into nanochains under a magnetic field, exhibiting catalytic properties that are useful for CO oxidation.
Tunable heteroassembly of 2D CoNi LDH and Ti3C2 nanosheets with enhanced electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution
Authors: Lu Xueyi , Jia Lulu , Hou Minchen , Wu Xuemin , Ni Chang , Xiao Gaofei , Ma Renzhi , Lu Xia
Published: November 2024

CoNi LDH/Ti3C2 heterostructures are obtained by electrostatic attraction of positively charged LDH and negatively charged Ti3C2 nanosheets, which serve as effective catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction with enhanced electrocatalytic activity.
Designing different carbon capping amorphous MoO2 to enhance electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Gaoyuan , Yin Xinxin , Xie Jing , Hu Jindou , Hao Aize , Lu Zhenjiang , Cao Yali
Published: November 2024

Amorphous MoO2−x@C nanospheres were synthesized by a simple solution method route and can be used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
Triphenylamine-based dicyano fluorophore for the selective detection of hydrazine vapor using cellulose acetate nanofibrous sheet
Authors: Choemvarasat Boonkasem , Mayurachayakul Pipattra , Pratumyot Kornkanya , Sukwattanasinitt Mongkol , Niamnont Nakorn
Published: November 2024

A novel triphenylamine-based dicyano fluorophore (compound 2) was successfully synthesized using a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction, followed by a Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed with baker's yeast.
MXenes and artificial intelligence: fostering advancements in synthesis techniques and breakthroughs in applications
Authors: Iravani Siavash , Khosravi Arezoo , Nazarzadeh Zare Ehsan , Varma Rajender S. , Zarrabi Ali , Makvandi Pooyan
Published: November 2024

Exploring the symbiotic relationship between MXenes and AI, this highlight focuses on recent advancements pertaining to the prediction and optimization of properties, synthesis routes, and diverse applications of MXene materials.
Influence of side-methyl substitution position on the phase state and microwave dielectric properties of triphenylacetylene-based liquid crystals
Authors: Lei Menglong , Tu Youlan , Zhang Lei , Wu Shengli , Chen Hongmei , Lv Peiwen , Wang Xiangru , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: November 2024

This work shows that the side-methyl substitution can improve the performance of triphenylacetylene-based liquid crystals in microwave communication.
Efficient photoreduction of CO2 to CO by Co-ZIL-L derived NiCo–OH with ultrathin nanosheet assembled 2D leaf superstructure
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhong Wenfeng , Duan Linhai , Zhu Jiaping , Tan Hua
Published: November 2024

The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels is considered a promising solution to address the energy crisis and environmental challenges.
Carboxymethyl cellulose–poly-m-phenylenediamine composite membrane for gold recovery from e-waste
Authors: Huang Zhiwei , Yuan Yaxin , Li Xinyi , Li Yiyang , Wang Min , Wang Zhuqing
Published: November 2024

A novel carboxymethyl cellulose–poly-m-phenylenediamine composite membrane has been developed in this work, which can selectively extract Au(iii) from e-waste leachate, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 421.1 mg g−1, and can be regenerated.
BINAP-CuH-catalysed enantioselective allylation using alkoxyallenes to access 1,2-syn-tert,sec-diols
Authors: Navaneetha N. , Maurya Sundaram , Behera Prativa , Jadhav Sandip B. , Magham Lakshmi Revati , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Roy Lisa , Chegondi Rambabu
Published: November 2024

An economical method for highly enantioselective and diastereoselective synthesis of 1,2-syn-tert,sec-diols via Cu-BINAP-catalysed reductive coupling of alkoxyallenes with ketones.
Cobalt-doped vanadium nitride composite carbon hollow spheres for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance: overcoming sulfur dissolution and the shuttle effect
Authors: Zhang Jiangnan , Meng Yanshuang , Zhu Fuliang
Published: November 2024

Co-doped vanadium nitride, used as an electrocatalyst, was synthesized through a unique preparation process to improve its dispersibility in C-HS, thereby better mitigating sulfur dissolution and shuttle effects in lithium–sulfur batteries.
Electron-beam-evaporated NiOX for efficient and stable semi-transparent perovskite solar cells and modules
Authors: Pan Junye , Chen Jiahui , Duan Bingxin , Zhang Yuxi , Hou Peiran , Zhu Yanqing , Hu Min , Li Wangnan , Cheng Yi-Bing , Lu Jianfeng
Published: November 2024

Herein, thermally stable ST-PSCs have been fabricated by using vacuum deposited CsPbBr3 perovskite and electron-beam evaporation deposited NiOX. Furthermore, we achieved a champion efficiency of 5.5% for 5 cm × 5 cm mini-modules with an AVT of 49.1%.
MnCO3–Au nanoparticles to enable catalytic tumor inhibition with immune activation
Authors: Yao Yingpei , Lu Zijie , Fu Yike , Li Xiang
Published: November 2024

A MnCO3–Au nanoplatform showing cascade catalytic effect and immune activation is constructed to enable synergistic tumor inhibition.
Vertical graphene and nanodiamond composited films prepared by loading monodispersed molybdenum atoms and annealing
Authors: Chen Chengke , He Chengquan , Hong Luxiao , Hu Xiaojun
Published: November 2024

Graphene/nanodiamond composited films, normally prepared by chemical vapor deposition, have attracted considerable attention due to their exceptional performance in terms of electrochemical properties, hardness and wear resistance.
In situ hydrogen doping of titanium dioxide via PAALD for enhanced MIM diode performance in high-frequency applications
Authors: Ozyigit Dogu , Azer Bersu Bastug , Gulsaran Ahmet , Shaker George , Bajcsy Michal , Pope Michael A. , Yavuz Mustafa
Published: November 2024

Metal–insulator–metal (MIM) diodes based on black titanium dioxide are fabricated and characterized for the first time by in situ hydrogen doping via plasma assisted atomic layer deposition (PAALD).
These solar-powered sea slugs are the ocean’s most prolific thieves
Authors: Forster Rosie
Published: November 2024

Rosie Forster won third place in the Further Education category of the Biochemical Society’s Science Communication Prize.
Trajectory tracking control of autonomous vehicles based on event‐triggered model predictive control
Authors: Zhang Jindou , Wang Zhiwen , Li Long , Yang Kangkang , Lu Yanrong
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a lateral control scheme based on event‐triggered model predictive control for trajectory tracking of autonomous vehicles. Firstly, the augmentation system is constructed based on the known road curvature information, and the model predictive controller is utilized to obtain the optimal control sequence. Then, an event‐triggered mechanism is introduced to improve the real‐time performance of the control system. The strategy targets to reduce the computational complexity and solving frequency of the optimization problem. In addition, a contraction constraint is structured using the backstepping control strategy to ensure the stability of the control system. Finally, experiments are conducted through the CarSim/Simulink joint simulation platform, and compared with the traditional model predictive control, the method proposed in this paper has better tracking accuracy and improves the real‐time performance of the control system.
The evolution of the radio luminosity function of group galaxies in COSMOS
Authors: Vardoulaki E. , Gozaliasl G. , Finoguenov A. , Novak M. , Khosroshahi H. G.
Published: November 2024

To understand the role of the galaxy group environment on galaxy evolution, we present a study of radio luminosity functions (RLFs) of group galaxies based on the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project. The radio-selected sample of 7826 COSMOS galaxies with robust optical and near-infrared counterparts, excellent photometric coverage, and the COSMOS X-ray galaxy groups (M200c > 1013.5 M⊙) enables us to construct the RLFs of group galaxies (GGs) and their contribution to the total RLF since z ∼ 2.3. Using the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, we fitted a redshift-dependent pure luminosity evolution model and a linear and power-law model to the luminosity functions. We compared it with past RLF studies from VLA-COSMOS on individual populations of radio-selected star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei (AGN). These populations are classified based on the presence or absence of a radio excess concerning the star formation rates derived from the infrared emission. We find that the density of radio galaxies in groups is low compared to the field at z ∼ 2 down to z ∼ 1.25, followed by a sharp increase at z ∼ 1 by a factor of six, and then a smooth decline towards low redshifts. This trend is caused by both a decrease in the volume abundance of massive groups at high-z and the changes in the halo occupation of radio AGN, which are found by other studies to reside at smaller halo mass groups. This indicates that the bulk of high-z log10(M200c/M⊙) > 13.5 groups must have formed recently, and so the cooling has not been established yet. The slope of the GG RLF is flatter compared to the field, with excess at high radio luminosities. The evolution in the GG RLF is driven mainly by satellite galaxies in groups. At z ∼ 1, the peak in the RLF, coinciding with a known overdensity in COSMOS, is mainly driven by AGN, while at z > 1 SFGs dominate the RLF of group galaxies. A drop in the occurrence of AGN in groups at z > 1 by a factor of six results in an important detail for the processes governing galaxy evolution.
Automated detection of satellite trails in ground-based observations using U-Net and Hough transform
Authors: Stoppa F. , Groot P. J. , Stuik R. , Vreeswijk P. , Bloemen S. , Pieterse D. L. A. , Woudt P. A.
Published: November 2024

Aims. The expansion of satellite constellations poses a significant challenge to optical ground-based astronomical observations, as satellite trails degrade observational data and compromise research quality. Addressing these challenges requires developing robust detection methods to enhance data processing pipelines, creating a reliable approach for detecting and analyzing satellite trails that can be easily reproduced and applied by other observatories and data processing groups.

Methods. Our method, called ASTA (Automated Satellite Tracking for Astronomy), combined deep learning and computer vision techniques for effective satellite trail detection. It employed a U-Net based deep learning network to initially detect trails, followed by a probabilistic Hough transform to refine the output. ASTA’s U-Net model was trained on a dataset of manually labeled full-field MeerLICHT telescope images prepared using the user-friendly LABKIT annotation tool. This approach ensured high-quality and precise annotations while facilitating quick and efficient data refinements, which streamlined the overall model development process. The thorough annotation process was crucial for the model to effectively learn the characteristics of satellite trails and generalize its detection capabilities to new, unseen data.

Results. The U-Net performance was evaluated on a test set of 20 000 image patches, both with and without satellite trails, achieving approximately 0.94 precision and 0.94 recall at the selected threshold. For each detected satellite, ASTA demonstrated a high detection efficiency, recovering approximately 97% of the pixels in the trails, resulting in a False Negative Rate (FNR) of only 0.03. When applied to around 200 000 full-field MeerLICHT images focusing on Geostationary (GEO) and Geosynchronous (GES) satellites, ASTA identified 1742 trails −19.1% of the detected trails – that could not be matched to any objects in public satellite catalogs. This indicates the potential discovery of previously uncatalogued satellites or debris, confirming ASTA’s effectiveness in both identifying known satellites and uncovering new objects.
Enhancing photometric redshift catalogs through color-space analysis: Application to KiDS-bright galaxies
Authors: Jalan Priyanka , Bilicki Maciej , Hellwing Wojciech A. , Wright Angus H. , Dvornik Andrej , Georgiou Christos , Heymans Catherine , Hildebrandt Hendrik , Joudaki Shahab , Kuijken Konrad , Mahony Constance , Nakoneczny Szymon Jan , Radovich Mario , van den Busch Jan Luca , Yan Ziang , Yoon Mijin
Published: November 2024

Aims. We present a method for refining photometric redshift galaxy catalogs based on a comparison of their color-space matching with overlapping spectroscopic calibration data. We focus on cases where photometric redshifts (photo-z) are estimated empirically. Identifying galaxies that are poorly represented in spectroscopic data is crucial, as their photo-z may be unreliable due to extrapolation beyond the training sample.

Methods. Our approach uses a self-organizing map (SOM) to project a multidimensional parameter space of magnitudes and colors onto a 2D manifold, allowing us to analyze the resulting patterns as a function of various galaxy properties. Using SOM, we compared the Kilo-Degree Survey’s bright galaxy sample (KiDS-Bright), limited to r < 20 mag, with various spectroscopic samples, including the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA).

Results. Our analysis reveals that GAMA tends to underrepresent KiDS-Bright at its faintest (r ≳ 19.5) and highest-redshift (z ≳ 0.4) ranges; however, no strong trends are seen in terms of color or stellar mass. By incorporating additional spectroscopic data from the SDSS, 2dF, and early DESI, we identified SOM cells where the photo-z values are estimated suboptimally. We derived a set of SOM-based criteria to refine the photometric sample and improve photo-z statistics. For the KiDS-Bright sample, this improvement is modest, namely, it excludes the least represented 20% of the sample reduces photo-z scatter by less than 10%.

Conclusions. We conclude that GAMA, used for KiDS-Bright photo-z training, is sufficiently representative for reliable redshift estimation across most of the color space. Future spectroscopic data from surveys such as DESI should be better suited for exploiting the full improvement potential of our method.
Global Research on Ecotourism Policy: A Novel Bibliometric Analysis of Trends and Research Gaps
Authors: Heriyanto Heriyanto , Rifdan Rifdan , Niswaty Risma , Kasmawati Andi
Published: November 2024

Ecotourism policy faces challenges in balancing tourism growth with environmental conservation, making it essential to understand existing research trends and gaps. This research aims to map the trend characteristics of global literature related to ecotourism policy. By employing bibliometric analysis methods and data visualization using the VOSviewer tool, this study provides comprehensive insights into trends, research foci, and the interactions among concepts within ecotourism policy literature. These insights open avenues for identifying research gaps and guiding future studies in this field. Data extracted from selected databases indicate a growing research interest in ecotourism policy, underscored by a multidisciplinary approach. The study also highlights frequently cited contributions that have significantly influenced academic literature on the subject. Additionally, global collaboration in this domain is evident, with notable contributions from countries such as Indonesia, the United States, China, and Australia. Despite the progress, substantial research gaps remain, particularly concerning environmental management, economic development, and climate change, underscoring the necessity for further investigation to bridge these gaps. Future research should aim to provide more targeted policy strategies and practical measures for sustainable ecotourism development, ensuring a balance between tourism growth and environmental conservation.
Impact of Mucuna bracteata Addition in Biofertilizer with Various NPK Doses on Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) Growth and Production
Authors: Hapsoh Hapsoh , Wawan Wawan , Dini Isna Rahma , Rifai Ahmad , Saragih Verics Abednego
Published: November 2024

The effectiveness of bacteria in biofertilizers when applied to soil is essential to ensure optimal nutrient availability for plants. This research aims to determine the best combination of oil palm compost sludge and biofertilizer enriched with M. bracteata to enhance the growth and yield of sweet corn plants while reducing the use of inorganic NPK fertilizers that negatively impact the environment. The study was conducted using a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications, resulting in 24 experimental units. Each unit included different concentrations of M. bracteata (0%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%) combined with various NPK doses (100%, 75%, and 50%). The results indicated that biofertilizer combined with 10% M. bracteata significantly increased plant height, cob weight without husks, and cob length without husks in sweet corn and reduced NPK fertilizer usage by 50%. The novelty of this research lies in its potential for eco-friendly farming practices, offering dual benefits of enhanced crop yields and reduced environmental impact.
Local Actions Prevent Land Conversion through Tourism in Rokan Koto Ruang Village, Rokan Hulu, Riau, Indonesia
Authors: El Amady M. Rawa , Yanti Rina Novia , Alexuxanto  , Dinata Marta
Published: November 2024

This study discusses the environmental aspects of Koto rice field tourism in Rokan Koto Ruang Village. In Rokan Koto Ruang Village, there are already three well-known natural and historical tourist attractions. However, the village government has established rice field tourism that relies on selfie bridges. On the other hand, there has been a conversion of agricultural land and rubber plantations into oil palm plantations by up to 90%, with oil palm plantations even found on the edges and in the middle of rice fields. This research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach, using in-depth interviews, observations, and focus group discussions (FGDs). The data was analyzed using a domain approach to identify the most prominent domains connected to the research standpoint. The findings indicate that the development of Koto rice field tourism aims to conserve rice fields in Rokan Koto Ruang Village. The novelty of this research is that it positions tourism as a policy option for conservation. This research significantly contributes to environmental science, particularly in utilizing non-environmental services for environmental conservation.
Increasing Completion of Daily Patient-Reported Outcomes in Psychotherapies for Late-Life Depression through User-Centered Design
Authors: Carter Emily , Benda Natalie , Kim Soohyun , Qiu Yuqing , Yu Zilong , Gunning Faith , Kiosses Dimitris , Sirey Jo Anne , Alexopoulos George , Banerjee Samprit
Published: November 2024

Background Treatment of depressive symptoms in older adults is a growing public health concern. Collecting patient-reported outcomes (PROs) may facilitate efficiently scaling psychotherapy for older adults but user-specific tailoring is needed to improve completion.

Objectives This study investigates (1) the effect of updating PRO collection tools for middle-aged and older adults with depressive symptoms through a user-centered design process on user completion of PRO questions, (2) what sociodemographic factors correspond with participant completion, and (3) how completion of PRO questions change during the course of a psychotherapy intervention.

Methods Analysis was conducted on 139 middle-aged and older adults with depressive symptoms from three clinical trials at the Weill Cornell ALACRITY Center. Overall response percentages to daily PRO questionnaires were compared before and after the implementation of findings from a multiphase user-centered design process. Grouped least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was employed to examine which baseline factors correspond with patient completion and linear regression was conducted to explore the association. Changes in daily dichotomized completion over time were analyzed with mixed-effect logistic regression.

Results After user-centered updates, there was a significantly higher (p < 0.001) percentage of completion (mean [standard deviation (SD)] percentage, 67.0 [35.6]%) than before (mean [SD] percentage, 24.9 [28.9]%). Additional years of education, age, and total annual household income greater than $25,000 were significant with completion percentage. Mixed-effects logistic regression showed that the odds of high completion increased each day (OR = 1.019 [95% CI: 1.014, 1.023; p < 0.001]).

Conclusion This study has shown that user-centered technology tailoring may be associated with increased PRO completion among middle-aged and older adults with depressive symptoms. PRO-supported psychotherapies are promising for middle-aged and older adults with depressive symptoms. Likewise, this study has demonstrated the potential benefits of employing a rigorous user-centered design process with PRO technology.
Using a Shared Gratitude Experience to Support Well-Being among Health Informatics Students during a Crisis
Authors: Feldman Sue S. , Pena Dalton , Meese Katherine A.
Published: November 2024

Objectives This study explores the results of a rapidly implemented no-cost gratitude intervention designed to address student distress during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This intervention focused on shared gratitude journaling with a postimplementation survey of well-being using elements of Seligman's PERMA (Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment) model of well-being.

Methods Journaling took place from November 2020 to April 2021 using a convenience sample (N = 57) from the Master of Science in Health Informatics program at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. An online postimplementation survey was conducted to evaluate students' perceptions of how the intervention influenced their well-being. Quantitative analysis was conducted to understand student well-being after two semesters of using an online shared gratitude board. Qualitative analysis was conducted to identify themes in the content of the student posts.

Results Relative to the PERMA elements, the majority of students agreed or strongly agreed that posting to the gratitude board led to improvements in Positive Emotion (85.72%), Engagement (77.2%), Relationships (67.7%), Meaning (77.2%), and Accomplishment (60%). Students who would recommend the board outweighed the number of students who would not by over 25%.

Discussion The gratitude board represented an opportunity to rapidly implement a no-cost opportunity based on the science of gratitude and well-being to support students' mental health and wellness. Meta-inferences gleaned from the quantitative and qualitative findings suggest that students found gratitude in different areas, that having things to do was helpful, that being able to connect with people was important, that students derived purpose from effort, and that they felt a sense of accomplishment by completing objectives.

Conclusion Our findings suggest that adopting an attitude of gratitude helps stimulate positive emotion to facilitate growth and learning. While this study was conducted with students in a graduate Health Informatics program, it has widespread generalizability to other programs and in other environments, especially at times when there is emotional distress.
Service selection and switching decisions: user behavior in high-interoperability environments
Authors: Pecher Johannes , Syrmoudis Emmanuel , Grossklags Jens
Published: November 2024

Current legislation and market dynamics require and encourage systems to become more open and interoperable. Given this shift, the challenge arises as to how service providers can navigate such environments and whether and how known platform economics are affected by that change. In this context, our work investigates behavior when users interact with services in highly interoperable environments, examining the influence of service attributes and platform economics on service selection and switching decisions, with a focus on the role of transaction cost and time, onboarding time, privacy, ownership, and community. For this purpose, we designed and conducted an extensive survey study with more than 500 respondents that combined a conjoint study with an experimental part on switching scenarios. Our findings suggest that transaction features such as cost, time, and privacy are the main factors in service selection with part-worth utilities being 2.1 to 14.7 times higher than non-transactional features. Additionally, building a strong community and offering ownership opportunities to users are effective strategies for customer retention. Further, we observe that rational choice theory does not explain switching decisions in many cases. Our study has important implications for both industry practitioners and policymakers. Practitioners can use our results to carefully manage effective customer retention strategies, while policymakers can use them to better regulate digital markets.
Revisiting jobs-housing balance: unveiling the impact of housing subsidy policy on residential locations across different income groups
Authors: Wang Yiqian , Li Yibin
Published: November 2024

As many countries recover from COVID-19 without constraints with travelling issues, in which citizens’ travelling and commuting behaviours and patterns are reemphasised. However, as for low-income households who are relatively disadvantaged and excluded from the labour and housing markets, research on their commuting behaviours and movement patterns has been underestimated, though they play an important role in improving social equality and ensuring the long-term sustainability of welfare systems. This study explores and predicts the extent to which jobs-housing balance can be understood and interpreted here by capturing dynamics in low-income households’ commuting behaviours and patterns influenced by subsidy housing preferences. A Spatial General Equilibrium Model is adopted based on the census data and a large-migrant survey in 2010–2020, China. The findings indicate that low and middle-low income households influenced by policy preferences adjust to their commuting behaviours by decreasing the commuting times and distances among different districts, showing a better jobs-housing balance. Low-income households tend to have a higher elasticity of jobs-housing balance than middle-low income households. Policy preferences contribute to improving jobs-housing balance and reducing commuting costs, and it is largely attributed to the quality of local transport infrastructure. Policy implications and limitations are also drawn.
Possibility of producing two-dimensional conducting structures based on biological membranes and the exciton superconductivity mechanism
Authors: Gvozdev A. É.
Published: November 2024

A new class of objects—biological and artificial lipid membranes—is proposed as a suitable candidate for the search for the exciton superconductivity mechanism. The proposed systems possibly satisfy all the requirements for “sandwich” type structures. The superconductivity transition temperature is tentatively estimated to lie in the range Tc = 40–1400°K. Irrespective of the possible observation of the exciton superconductivity mechanism, the proposed structures are of independent interest as two-dimensional ionic, semiconductor, or metallic crystals.
Critical magnetic fields of ultrathin bismuth films
Authors: Lazarev B. G. , Semenenko E. E. , Tutov V. I.
Published: November 2024

Critical transverse magnetic fields were measured in bismuth films 70 to 18 Å thick. It was found that for the temperature range (5–1.8°K) and fields investigated the relation HC(T) is linear in bismuth layers freshly condensed on a liquid-helium-cooled substrate. The slope dHc/dT increases as the film thickness decreases, attaining a value of 95,000 Oe/deg for the thinnest films. This increase is correlated with the increase in film resistivity, i.e., with the reduction in the mean free path of the conduction-band electrons. The value of the factor A obtained from the value of the critical magnetic field for a film about 20 Å thick (Hc = A·104Tc) is 9.5. Thus, in ultrathin bismuth films the critical magnetic field is much higher than the paramagnetic limit. This behavior is explained by the large spin-orbit scattering in freshly-deposited ultrathin bismuth films. When the thickness of the bismuth film decreases from 40 to 10 Å, the density of states falls off by approximately a factor of two.
Excitation of ferroelectric-magnetic oscillations by an electron beam
Authors: Bakai A. S. , Chupis I. E.
Published: November 2024

Excitation of ferroelectric-magnetic oscillations in ferroelectric-magnetic materials by a nonrelativistic electron beam is analyzed in the electrostatic and the magnetostatic approximations. The amplification increments of spin and ferroelectric waves are calculated. It is shown that an electron beam can be an effective means of wave excitation in a ferroelectric-magnetic crystal.
Ionic ordering in the low-temperature phase of magnetite
Authors: Kovtun N. M. , Shemyakov A. A.
Published: November 2024

NMR spectra of magnetite recorded at helium temperatures are used to construct a model of the ionic ordering in which a characteristic feature is the appearance of ordering along the three axes of the low-temperature cell. It is shown that ions of divalent iron have different spin densities at the nuclei.
Phase transitions in (ND4)2BeF4 crystal
Authors: Popkov Yu. A. , Shabanov V. F.
Published: November 2024

The results of a Raman study of deuterated ammonium fluoberyllate single crystals are presented. It is shown that deuterating the sample has no significant effect on the behavior of the Raman lines at the ferroelectric phase transition (Tc1 = 180°K), indicating that the determinative role in the establishment of order is played by the BeF4− − ion. Nonlinear resonance between different lattice vibrations is confirmed, and it is probably this that is responsible for the phase transition. A new phase transition at Tc2 = 100°K, occurring with a change in the symmetry of the lattice, is discovered.
The physical properties of vanadium in the temperature range 4.2-300°K
Authors: Pan V. M. , Prokhorov V. G. , Shevchenko A. D. , Dovgopol V. P.
Published: November 2024

The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity ρ, magnetic susceptibility χ, heat capacity Cp, and Hall constant R0 are studied in a vanadium single crystal. Anomalies are found in the functions ρ (T), R0(T), and Cp(T) near Ta = 195°K. It is proposed that in vanadium there exists a second order phase transition caused by ordering of an interstitial impurity (hydrogen) at T < Ta.
Effect of piperidine intercalation on nuclear quadrupole resonance in Pbl2
Authors: Lyfar' D. L. , Ryabchenko S. M.
Published: November 2024

The nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency and spin-lattice relaxation time have been measured as functions of the temperature in PbI2 with piperidine intercalations. Proceeding from the experimental results and earlier data for PbI2, we come to the conclusion that the spin-phonon interaction diminishes with intercalation but retains some features inherent to quasi-two-dimensional systems.
Temperature dependence of plastic deformation rate in lead at the superconducting transition
Authors: Abramov V. V.
Published: November 2024

The temperature dependence of the ratio of the plastic deformation rates in the S and N states, ϵ′s/ϵ′n, has been studied in lead single crystals in the temperature range 1.5–7.2°K. This dependence has been experimentally shown to be of a different character for various degress of deformation. The experimental data are compared with the deductions which softening theory bases on dynamic dislocation drag by conduction electrons and also with quasistatic models of softening during the N–S transition.
A possible new superfluidity mechanism for a He3 film on a metal surface
Authors: Shevchenko S. I.
Published: November 2024

A new superfluid state in a 3He film on a metal surface is predicted, which is due to pairing of the 3He atoms with the metal electrons.
Will changing the way of hydrogen production reduce carbon dioxide emissions? Incorporating the power system into a hydrogen production TIMES model
Authors: Han Yunfei , Yao Xilong , Qi Xiaoyan , Liu Lin , Liu Na
Published: November 2024

Low carbon hydrogen production is the key to reducing its CO2 emissions. The electrolysis of water for hydrogen production links the CO2 emissions from the power system with those from hydrogen production. This article incorporates the power system into a hydrogen production Integrated MARKAL-EFOM system model and predicts the impact of hydrogen production methods and power structure on CO2 emissions from hydrogen production in China. The results show that: Under the business as usual scenario, the CO2 emissions from hydrogen production are projected to decline in 2045 and then rebound in 2050. It indicates that the current power structure is difficult to support the further reduction of hidden CO2 emissions in the future electrolysis of water for hydrogen production. Hydrogen production technologies optimization has a greater effect on CO2 emissions reduction in hydrogen production, its effect will gradually weaken, whereas the emission reduction effect of power structure optimization will gradually strengthen. The information presented in this paper could be helpful for researchers and policymakers to correctly consider the coupling relationship between power system and hydrogen system in the long-term energy transformation process.
Reliability analysis under bias stress and elevated temperature of dual-gate IGZO TFT
Authors: Wei Jingxuan , Li Nannan , Zhang Yu , Wu Xuefeng , Zhu Jiyuan , Bai Rongxu , Chao Xin , Zhang Wenrui , Ji Li , Sun Qingqing , Zhang David Wei , Hu Shen
Published: November 2024

Indium–gallium–zinc oxide (IGZO) as a star material has been broadly applied in multiple functional devices, including planar displays, flexible electronic devices, and photoelectronics. In recent years, the development of artificial intelligence and great data also extends the application of IGZO-based thin film transistors (TFTs) to memory, memristors, and neuromorphic computing. Thus, the research of high performance and reliable IGZO TFTs attracts tremendous attention worldwide. Herein, a high-quality IGZO thin film was deposited via atomic layer deposition, and a dual-gate (DG) IGZO TFT was fabricated. Comprehensive electrical characterization was conducted on the fabricated DG IGZO TFTs, revealing that DG IGZO TFTs exhibited good performance for reliability analysis. The reliability and degradation mechanism of the DG IGZO TFT was systematically investigated under bias stress at room temperature and elevated temperatures of 350, 400, and 450 K by the comprehensive electrical characterization. Results indicate that the defects of the dual gate insulators and the interfaces majorly influence the degradation under bias stresses, while the carrier scattering of the IGZO channel is the major degradation mechanism under elevated temperatures. These findings highlight the degradation mechanism of the DG IGZO TFT under bias stress and elevated temperatures from a novel viewpoint, which provides a utilizable reference to its application in circuits.
Dynamic response and failure analysis of nanoporous Al plate under compression and stretching
Authors: Huang Gao , Wang Bo , Shao Jianli , Yao Shuangji , Song Chengtian
Published: November 2024

It is widely known that porous structure design is an important way to reduce the weight of matrix materials. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of how factors such as the shape, size, and concentration of pores affect the dynamic response of materials. This study investigated the elastic–plastic behavior and failure characteristics of nanoporous Al from a molecular dynamics perspective, taking into account columnar voids with a diameter of 2–18 nm and two types of arrangement configurations. The results show that all samples undergo elastic deformation for a strain range of ∼−4% to 5%. In this range, the amplitude of temperature and stress changes with strain decreases sequentially as the sample density decreases. The corresponding yield stress of the void sample under compression and tension is calculated according to the virial theorem. During the compression process, local plastic deformation and collapse mechanisms of voids can occur in low porosity samples, while strain localization and slip thickening mechanisms can occur in the transverse ligaments between large voids. During the stretching process, local plastic deformation and lateral expansion mechanisms of voids can occur in low porosity samples, while strain localization and necking fracture mechanisms can occur in the transverse ligaments between large voids. Finally, the transformation law of deformation mechanism with porosity was given based on the amount of plastic deformation.
Influence of rapid thermal annealing in vacuum on the resistive switching of Cu/ZnO/ITO devices
Authors: Liu Tai-Min , Wu Zong-Wei , Lee Chien-Chen , Yang Pin-Qian , Hsu Hua-Shu , Lo Fang-Yuh
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we investigate the resistive switching (RS) behavior of Cu/ZnO/ITO devices subjected to various rapid thermal annealing (RTA) temperatures under vacuum. Current–voltage characteristics reveal that following the application of a positive electroforming voltage, both unannealed ZnO films and those annealed at 200 °C exhibit bipolar RS, consistent with the electrochemical metallization mechanism (ECM). However, films annealed at higher temperatures exhibit RS with both positive and negative electroforming threshold voltages and coexistence of switching in both polarities. Ultimately, these films display RS behavior aligned with the valence change mechanism (VCM), dominated by a negative electroforming voltage and RS on the negative bias side, while positive electroforming voltage and RS vanish for films annealed at 600 °C. Curve fitting analysis was conducted for Schottky emission (SE), space-charge limited current, and Poole–Frenkel (PF) emission mechanisms, with SE and PF emission providing better fits. These results demonstrate the tunability of ECM and VCM RS modes and the polarity of the forming bias, underscoring the potential of vacuum RTA in advancing ZnO-based memory device development.
4H-SiC p–n junction betavoltaic micro-nuclear batteries based on 14C source with enhanced performance
Authors: Yuan Weikai , Wei Guodong , Liu Yumin , He Houjun , Li Xiaoyan , Zhang Guanghui , Lv Zhuoyang , Zhang Jiahui
Published: November 2024

The long half-life and the high decay energy of beta sources play a critical role in improving the performance of betavoltaic micro-nuclear batteries. In this study, the pure beta source 14C in the form of powder, which can be transformed into an ultra-thin film by using (14C6H5NH)2CO, was selected to design planar 4H-SiC p–n junction betavoltaic batteries. A comprehensive model was developed utilizing the Monte Carlo code and the COMSOL Multiphysics code to predict the output performance. As a result, based on a 100 μm-thick (14C6H5NH)2CO source with a maximum power density of 1.86 μW/cm2 and the current fabrication technology of 4H-SiC p–n junction, we optimized the thicknesses of the p−-type region (4.2 µm) with a doping concentration of Na = 3 × 1016 cm−3 and the n−-type region (5.8 µm) with a doping concentration of Nd = 2 × 1014 cm−3. The corresponding predicted performance values included the short-circuit current density of 0.1 μA/cm2, the open-circuit voltage of 2.15 V, and the maximum power density of 0.2 μW/cm2. Moreover, the energy conversion efficiency of the semiconductor converter can reach 10.6%, while the overall battery efficiency was determined to be 2.9%. Therefore, this research provides a feasible structure for a planar 4H-SiC p–n junction energy converter utilizing the (14C6H5NH)2CO source and presents a powerful model for predicting the performance of planar betavoltaic batteries.