bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Pentafluorophenyl Esters
Authors: Buchspies Jonathan , J. Pyle Daniel , He Huixin , Szostak Michal
Published: November 2018

Although the palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl esters has received significant attention, there is a lack of methods that utilize cheap and readily accessible Pd-phosphane catalysts, and can be routinely carried out with high cross-coupling selectivity. Herein, we report the first general method for the cross-coupling of pentafluorophenyl esters (pentafluorophenyl = pfp) by selective C–O acyl cleavage. The reaction proceeds efficiently using Pd(0)/phosphane catalyst systems. The unique characteristics of pentafluorophenyl esters are reflected in the fully selective cross-coupling vs. phenolic esters. Of broad synthetic interest, this report establishes pentafluorophenyl esters as new, highly reactive, bench-stable, economical, ester-based, electrophilic acylative reagents via acyl-metal intermediates. Mechanistic studies strongly support a unified reactivity scale of acyl electrophiles by C(O)–X (X = N, O) activation. The reactivity of pfp esters can be correlated with barriers to isomerization around the C(acyl)–O bond.
Bioactivity-Guided Separation of Potential D2 Dopamine Receptor Antagonists from Aurantii Fructus based on Molecular Docking Combined with High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography
Authors: He Yingjie , Zhu Shihao , Wu Changqiao , Lu Ying , Tang Qi
Published: November 2018

The typical compounds of Aurantii fructus (AF) reported in previous research were screened for their high antagonistic ability on the D2 dopamine receptor (D2R) in silico, and then bioactivity-guided separation was undertaken on the potential D2R antagonists from AF using high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). Three flavanones, two polymethoxyflavonoids, and three coumarins were effectively isolated from ethanol extracts of Aurantii fructus (AF) by the use of a two-step HSCCC method, and their chemical structures were identified by mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR and compared with published data. Firstly, crude extract of 70% ethanol eluent (150 mg) was isolated by HSCCC using an n-hexane−ethyl acetate−n-butanol−methanol−0.05% acetic acid (1:3:1.8:1:5, v/v/v/v/v) solvent system, and compounds 1 (naringin, 28 mg), 2 (neohesperidin, 13 mg), 3 (meranzin, 5 mg) and 4 (poncirin, 3 mg) were successfully isolated with 98.5%, 95.1%, 97.7%, and 92.4% purity, respectively. Then, the crude extract of 95% ethanol eluent (120 mg) was isolated by n-hexane−n-butanol−ethanol (methanol)−0.05% acetic acid (2:0.6:1:3, v/v/v/v) solvent system and compounds 3 (meranzin, 3 mg), 5 (meranzin hydrate, 4 mg), 6 (isomeranzin, 6 mg), 7 (nobiletin, 10 mg), and 8 (tangeretin, 7 mg) were successfully isolated with 95.8%, 98.5%, 95.1%, 92.4%, and 97.7% purity, respectively. Naringenin, a parent structure of naringin with the excellent binding score of −9.3 kcal/mol, was completely in conjunction with the active site of D2R, indicating that it is critical for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction. The results indicated that the bioactivity-guided method is practical for the effective separation of active compounds from natural resources.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Amidine, Amide, Urea and Isocyanate Derivatives of the Amino-closo-dodecaborate Anion [B12H11NH3]−
Authors: Zhang Yuanbin , Sun Yuji , Wang Tao , Liu Jiyong , Spingler Bernhard , Duttwyler Simon
Published: November 2018

The synthesis and structural characterization of new derivatives of [B12H12]2− is of fundamental interest and is expected to allow for extended applications. Herein we report on the synthesis of a series of amidine, amide, urea and isocyanate derivatives based on the amino-closo-dodecaborate anion [B12H11NH3]−. Their structures have been confirmed by spectroscopic methods, and nine crystal structures are presented.
An Efficient Classifier for Alzheimer’s Disease Genes Identification
Authors: Xu Lei , Liang Guangmin , Liao Changrui , Chen Gin-Den , Chang Chi-Chang
Published: November 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered to one of 10 key diseases leading to death in humans. AD is considered the main cause of brain degeneration, and will lead to dementia. It is beneficial for affected patients to be diagnosed with the disease at an early stage so that efforts to manage the patient can begin as soon as possible. Most existing protocols diagnose AD by way of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, because the size of the images produced is large, existing techniques that employ MRI technology are expensive and time-consuming to perform. With this in mind, in the current study, AD is predicted instead by the use of a support vector machine (SVM) method based on gene-coding protein sequence information. In our proposed method, the frequency of two consecutive amino acids is used to describe the sequence information. The accuracy of the proposed method for identifying AD is 85.7%, which is demonstrated by the obtained experimental results. The experimental results also show that the sequence information of gene-coding proteins can be used to predict AD.
Fabrication of InxGa1−xN Nanowires on Tantalum Substrates by Vapor-Liquid-Solid Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Hu Yan-Ling , Zhu Yuqin , Ji Huayu , Luo Qingyuan , Fu Ao , Wang Xin , Xu Guiyan , Yang Haobin , Lian Jiqiong , Sun Jingjing , Sun Dongya , Wang Defa
Published: November 2018

InxGa1−xN nanowires (NWs) have drawn great attentions for their applications in optoelectronic and energy conversion devices. Compared to conventional substrates, metal substrates can offer InxGa1−xN NW devices with better thermal conductivity, electric conductivity, and mechanic flexibility. In this article, InxGa1−xN NWs were successfully grown on the surface of a tantalum (Ta) substrate via vapor-liquid-solid chemical vapor deposition (VLS-CVD), as characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning and transmission electron microscope (STEM), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). It was found that the surface pretreatment of Ta and the composition of metallic catalysts played important roles in the formation of NWs. A dimpled nitrided Ta surface combined with a catalyst of nickle is suitable for VLS-CVD growth of the NWs. The obtained InxGa1−xN NWs grew along the [1100] direction with the presence of basal stacking faults and an enriched indium composition of ~3 at.%. The successful VLS-CVD preparation of InxGa1−xN nanowires on Ta substrates could pave the way for the large-scale manufacture of optoelectronic devices in a more cost-effective way.
Association of Sports Participation and Diet with Motor Competence in Austrian Middle School Students
Authors: Drenowatz Clemens , Greier Klaus
Published: November 2018

Physical activity and diet are important contributors to overall health and development in adolescents. There remains, however, limited research on the combined association of sports participation and dietary pattern on motor competence, which is crucial for an active lifestyle during and beyond adolescence. The present study, therefore, examined the association between sports participation, dietary pattern, and motor competence in 165 middle school students (55% male) between 11 and 14 years of age. Body weight and height were measured, and motor competence was determined via the German motor test during regular Physical Education (PE). Further, participants completed a food frequency questionnaire and reported their engagement in club sports. Of the total sample 20% were overweight/obese and 49% reported participation in club sports, with no differences between boys and girls. Interaction effects of sports participation and dietary pattern on motor competence were limited, but sports participation and healthy diet were independently associated with higher motor performance. Healthy dietary choices, along with participation in club sports, therefore, should be promoted in adolescents in order to facilitate motor development. As adolescence is a crucial time for the establishment of lifelong behaviors, such efforts could facilitate a healthy lifestyle throughout adulthood.
Morphological and Molecular Variation Between Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium arthrosporioides and Fusarium anguioides Strains
Authors: Yli-Mattila Tapani , Hussien Taha , Gavrilova Olga , Gagkaeva Tatiana
Published: November 2018

Fusarium avenaceum and closely related species are common fungi on various plants, cultivated in different climatic regions. The aim of this study was to determine the taxonomic affiliations of the F. avenaceum, Fusarium arthrosporioides, and Fusarium anguioides strains by using morphological, physiological and molecular-genetic approaches. Twenty-six single-spored morphologically identified strains, which were mainly from cereals, were investigated in order to find out, if they belong to a separate species. Pathogenicity of strains to wheat seedlings and ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) fingerprint and beta-tubulin DNA sequence patterns were analyzed. According to phylogenetic analyses, the strains could be divided into two big groups consisting of mostly F. avenaceum or F. anguioides strains. F. arthrosporioides was not detected as a separate species by the sum of the characters. F. anguioides was characterized as a separate species, which could be identified by morphological and molecular data. High genetic diversity of the F. avenaceum and related species was revealed. One F. anguioides strain (rudbeckia, Vladivostok, Russia), had an identical beta-tubulin sequence with two previously sequenced strains of Fusarium tricinctum species complex, which were isolated from dicotyledonous plants in Asia.
Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Warp-Knitted Hernia Repair Mesh with Different Pull Densities
Authors: Xu Wanli , Ma Pibo , Jiang Gaoming , Wan Ailan
Published: November 2018

The medical polypropylene monofilament with a diameter of 0.10 mm was used as the material. Four different pull densities and two different warp run-ins were set up on the electronic traverse high-speed Tricot warp knitting machine, with the gauge of E28. The raw material was used to knit four variations of single bar plain knitted fabrics with 1 in-1 miss setting. Each variation required eight samples. The mechanical properties of the above 32 warp-knitted fabric samples are tested, including their tensile stress (in both vertical and horizontal directions), tearing stress (in both vertical and horizontal directions) and bursting stress. The results obtained shows that the relationship between the vertical, the horizontal stress, and the pull density are not monotonic. The tensile stress in the vertical direction firstly decreases and then increases with an increase of the pull density; however, the tensile stress in the horizontal direction firstly increases and then slightly decreases with an increase of the pull density; again the vertical tensile stress of all fabrics was always higher than the horizontal tensile stress. The bursting stress has a positive linear relation to the pull density. The vertical tearing stresses of four samples were greater than the horizontal tearing stress.
Deforestation and Forest Degradation Due to Gold Mining in the Peruvian Amazon: A 34-Year Perspective
Authors: Caballero Espejo Jorge , Messinger Max , Román-Dañobeytia Francisco , Ascorra Cesar , Fernandez Luis , Silman Miles
Published: November 2018

While deforestation rates decline globally they are rising in the Western Amazon. Artisanal-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a large cause of this deforestation and brings with it extensive environmental, social, governance, and public health impacts, including large carbon emissions and mercury pollution. Underlying ASGM is a broad network of factors that influence its growth, distribution, and practices such as poverty, flows of legal and illegal capital, conflicting governance, and global economic trends. Despite its central role in land use and land cover change in the Western Amazon and the severity of its social and environmental impacts, it is relatively poorly studied. While ASGM in Southeastern Peru has been quantified previously, doing so is difficult due to the heterogeneous nature of the resulting landscape. Using a novel approach to classify mining that relies on a fusion of CLASlite and the Global Forest Change dataset, two Landsat-based deforestation detection tools, we sought to quantify ASGM-caused deforestation in the period 1984–2017 in the southern Peruvian Amazon and examine trends in the geography, methods, and impacts of ASGM across that time. We identify nearly 100,000 ha of deforestation due to ASGM in the 34-year study period, an increase of 21% compared to previous estimates. Further, we find that 10% of that deforestation occurred in 2017, the highest annual amount of deforestation in the study period, with 53% occurring since 2011. Finally, we demonstrate that not all mining is created equal by examining key patterns and changes in ASGM activity and techniques through time and space. We discuss their connections with, and impacts on, socio-economic factors, such as land tenure, infrastructure, international markets, governance efforts, and social and environmental impacts.
Decoupling Canopy Structure and Leaf Biochemistry: Testing the Utility of Directional Area Scattering Factor (DASF)
Authors: Adams Jennifer , Lewis Philip , Disney Mathias
Published: November 2018

Biochemical properties retrieved from remote sensing data are crucial sources of information for many applications. However, leaf and canopy scattering processes must be accounted for to reliably estimate information on canopy biochemistry, carbon-cycle processes and energy exchange. A coupled leaf-canopy model based on spectral invariants theory has been proposed, that uses the so-called Directional Area Scattering Factor (DASF) to correct hyperspectral remote sensing data for canopy structural effects. In this study, the reliability of DASF to decouple canopy structure and biochemistry was empirically tested using simulated reflectance spectra modelled using a Monte Carlo Ray Tracing (MCRT) radiative transfer model. This approach allows all canopy and radiative properties to be specified a priori. Simulations were performed under idealised conditions of directional-hemispherical reflectance, isotropic Lambertian leaf reflectance and transmittance and sufficiently dense (high LAI) canopies with black soil where the impact of canopy background is negligible, and also departures from these conditions. It was shown that both DASF and total canopy scattering could be accurately extracted under idealised conditions using information from both the full 400–2500 nm spectral interval and the 710–790 nm interval alone, even given no prior knowledge of leaf optical properties. Departures from these idealised conditions: varying view geometry, bi-directional reflectance, LAI and soil effects, were tested. We demonstrate that total canopy scattering could be retrieved under conditions of varying view geometry and bi-directional reflectance, but LAI and soil effects were shown to reduce the accuracy with which the scattering can be modelled using the DASF approach. We show that canopy architecture, either homogeneous or heterogeneous 3D arrangements of canopy scattering elements, has important influences over DASF and consequently the accuracy of retrieval of total canopy scattering. Finally, although DASF and total canopy scattering could be retrieved to within 2.4% of the modelled total canopy scattering signal given no prior knowledge of leaf optical properties, spectral invariant parameters were not accurately retrieved from the simulated signal. This has important consequences since these parameters are quite widely used in canopy reflectance modelling and have the potential to help derive new, more accurate canopy biophysical information. Understanding and quantifying the limitations of the DASF approach as we have done here, is an important step in allowing the wider use of these methods for decoupling canopy structure and biochemistry.
Sustainability Evaluation Based on a Three-Dimensional Ecological Footprint Model: A Case Study in Hunan, China
Authors: Deng Chuxiong , Liu Zhen , Li Rongrong , Li Ke
Published: November 2018

Under the concept of green development, the promotion of ecological sustainable development capability has become an important policy objective of the Chinese government. Based on the three-dimensional ecological footprint model, this paper analyzes the ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity, and ecological sustainable development capacity of Hunan province from 2005 to 2015. The results show that the total ecological footprint of Hunan increases from 2005 to 2015, in which the forest land ecological footprint accounts for the largest proportion. The ecological footprint depth is always greater than 1, indicating that Hunan has been in a state of ecological deficit; in the context of the distribution, the ecological pressure of Hunan shows a “high in surround while low in central” pattern. The results about the ecological footprint diversity index show that although the ecosystem of Hunan is stability, the level of eco-economic development ability is low. The ecological efficiency represented by GDP per unit of ecological footprint shows that Hunan’s ecological efficiency increases with an average rate of 13.12% annually during 2005–2015 because of the improvement of the factor substitution.
Analysis of Socioeconomic and Behavioral Factors Influencing Participation in Community-Based Recycling Program: A Case of Peri-Urban Town in Thailand
Authors: Challcharoenwattana Amornchai , Pharino Chanathip
Published: November 2018

This study analyzed the factors influencing a community-based waste recycling program to achieve a recycling rate 5–11 times/members higher than average community-based recycling programs in Thailand. This study identified key factors and insights from waste bank members to provide recommendations for improving the performance of other community-based programs. A face-to-face survey was conducted in Phang Khon Municipality (PKM), Thailand, where the waste bank is situated. A total of 386 questionnaires were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression analysis. The investigation tested how selected variables, such as socioeconomic factors, attitude toward sound waste management practices, types of waste separation, and additional willingness to pay for improving the waste management system, have an influence on different groups of recyclers and impact recycling performance. The findings revealed that members of the waste bank have different socioeconomic and pro-recycling characteristics, i.e., attitude toward proper waste management practices, recycling practice, and additional willingness to pay for improving the waste management system, compared to respondents who recycle through direct waste selling, and who do not recycle. Based on key factor findings in this study, policy recommendation for waste management entities are provided.
An Investigation of Links between Environmentally Responsible Behaviors and Built and Natural Features of Landscape in Central New Jersey
Authors: Clark Daniel G. , Jordan Rebecca C.
Published: November 2018

Responses from Central New Jersey residents (n = 290) to nine survey items about pro-environmental behaviors were analyzed for their connection to survey respondents’ local built and natural landscape characteristics. These nine survey items were of interest due to their clustering in three groups in earlier dimension reduction analysis. Nine logistic regression models (one for each of these items) were built using a suite of built and natural features of landscape at the municipal level—including land use, population density, and access to parks. The logistic regression models using the landscape variables failed to provide effective explanations of engagement in pro-environmental behavior. In total, only ten landscape feature variables—out of a possible thirty-eight -were used in any of the most effective models. The logistic regression model of proper appliance disposal performed best and could correctly classify responses of whether respondents had disposed of an appliance correctly 84% of the time. The rest of the models were of little use. This suggests that there may not be a connection between these built and natural landscape features and these behaviors, or that the study did not look at location at a level that was granular enough to detect any patterns.
Effects of Mulched Drip Irrigation on Soil Moisture and Groundwater Recharge in the Xiliao River Plain, China
Authors: Jin Xiaohui , Chen Minjian , Fan Yumiao , Yan Long , Wang Fang
Published: November 2018

Mulched drip irrigation for maize cultivation has been widely implemented in the Xiliao River Plain in Northeast China in recent years. However, the effects of the change in irrigation method on soil water content and groundwater recharge in this area still remains uncertain. In this study, soil water content under mulched drip irrigation and flood irrigation was measured through field experiments. Soil water movement in the entire growing season under the two irrigation methods was simulated for the quantitative analysis of groundwater recharge by the Hydrus-2D model. Results showed that soil water content under mulched drip irrigation was generally larger than that of flood irrigation in the initial growth stage. However, an opposite trend was observed in the main growth stage. The simulated results indicated that the cumulative water fluxes of flood irrigation were greater than the values of mulched drip irrigation. Moreover, while infiltration depth under flood irrigation reached the maximum simulated depth (400 cm), infiltration depth under mulched drip irrigation was only 325 cm. The results of this study showed that mulched drip irrigation reduced the infiltration depth and groundwater recharge to some extent in the Xiliao River Plain. Such results are helpful in determining the influence of mulched drip irrigation on groundwater and can be a reference for the maintenance of the sustainability of regional groundwater in the large-scale promotion of mulched drip irrigation.
1D Kinematics from Stars and Ionized Gas at z ∼ 0.8 from the LEGA-C Spectroscopic Survey of Massive Galaxies
Authors: Bezanson Rachel , van der Wel Arjen , Straatman Caroline , Pacifici Camilla , Wu Po-Feng , Barišić Ivana , Bell Eric F. , Conroy Charlie , D’Eugenio Francesco , Franx Marijn , Gallazzi Anna , van Houdt Josha , Maseda Michael V. , Muzzin Adam , van de Sande Jesse , Sobral David , Spilker Justin
Published: November 2018

We present a comparison of the observed, spatially integrated stellar and ionized gas velocity dispersions of ∼1000 massive (

) galaxies in the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census survey at 0.6 ≲ z ≲ 1.0. The high S/N ∼ 20 Å−1 afforded by 20 hr Very Large Telescope/Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph spectra allows for joint modeling of the stellar continuum and emission lines in all galaxies, spanning the full range of galaxy colors and morphologies. These observed integrated velocity dispersions (denoted as

and

) are related to the intrinsic velocity dispersions of ionized gas or stars, but also include rotational motions through beam smearing and spectral extraction. We find good average agreement between observed velocity dispersions, with

. This result does not depend strongly on stellar population, structural properties, or alignment with respect to the slit. However, in all regimes we find significant scatter between

and

, with an overall scatter of 0.13 dex of which 0.05 dex is due to observational uncertainties. For an individual galaxy, the scatter between

and

translates to an additional uncertainty of ∼0.24 dex on dynamical mass derived from

, on top of measurement errors and uncertainties from Virial constant or size estimates. We measure the z ∼ 0.8 stellar mass Faber–Jackson relation and demonstrate that emission line widths can be used to measure scaling relations. However, these relations will exhibit increased scatter and slopes that are artificially steepened by selecting on subsets of galaxies with progressively brighter emission lines.
Lost and found – Fritz Müller´s type material of Glossiphonia verrucata (Fr. Müller, 1844) (Hirudinida, Glossiphoniidae) with notes on the leech fauna of lake Tegel in Berlin (Germany)
Authors: Jueg Uwe , Michalik Peter
Published: November 2018

In 1844, the famous German biologist Fritz Müller published his dissertation about the leech fauna of lakes in Berlin. This study not only addressed the occurrence of leeches in the different lakes, but also contains the description of a new species -Glossiphoniaverrrucata(Fr. Müller, 1844). Unfortunately, he never mentioned how many specimens he found and where he deposited the material of his dissertation research. Thus, it came as a surprise that the material appeared in the small leech collection of the Zoological Museum of the University of Greifswald. Here, we provide an overview of the material focusing especially on the four syntypes ofG.verrucata. Since this is a rarely found species, we further explored historical material from the type locality, Lake Tegel, held in other museums. Our survey revealed that the material collected by Müller is the only one known to date from the species-rich Lake Tegel, which is inhabited by 14 species of freshwater leeches.
On local anesthetic action of some dimethylacetamide compounds
Authors: Novikov Andrei V. , Blinova Ekaterina V. , Semeleva Elena V. , Karakhanjan Karina M. , Mironov Mikhail A. , Blinov Dmirty S. , Krainova Yuliya S. , Pakhomov Dmitry V. , Vasilkina Olga V. , Samishina Elena A.
Published: November 2018

The study aim was to explore local anesthetic properties of some tertiary and quaternary derivatives of dimethylacetamide. Materials and methods. The study was performed on white laboratory mice and rats of both sexes, male Agouti guinea pigs, and isolated sciatic nerves of lake frog. In the focus of the study there were two quaternary and eight tertiary compounds of dimethylacetamide with substituted anion with some amino and carbonic acids residue. A local anesthetic property was predicted by computational analysis. Acute toxicity of the most promising substances was studied in mice through subcutaneous route. Local anesthetic activity of tertiary compounds LKhT-3-00, LKhT-4-00 and quaternary LKhT-12-02 was studied on models of terminal, infiltration and conduction anesthesia. The influence of substances on mixed nerve conduction was investigated on lake frog’s isolated sciatic nerves. Results and discussion. The greatest probability of the local anesthetic activity during computational analysis was estimated for the tertiary derivatives of dimethylacetamide LKhT-3-00 and LKhT-4-00 and for the quaternary compound LKhT-12-02. According to their toxicological profile, the compounds belong to moderately toxic substances (class 3). On the model of terminal and infiltration anesthesia, substances LKhT-3-00 and LKhT-4-00 at concentrations of 0.5-1% rapidly cause deep and prolonged anesthesia. On the models of conduction anesthesia, the quaternary derivative of dimethylacetamide LKhT-12-02 has the greatest analgesic effect. The duration of the effect of the substance is over 3 hours. All the investigated compounds block sciatic nerve conduction. The longest effect is registered for LKhT-12-02. Conclusions. Dimethylacetamide derivatives at concentrations of 0.5-1.0% exhibit a local anesthetic activity, and are effective for terminal, conduction and infiltration anesthesia. Their effect is due to blockade of nerve conduction.
2018 in Continuing Education and Professional Development: Important Milestones
Authors: Shinners Jean , Dickerson Pamela
Published: November 2018

The year 2018 has provided continuing development of, and forward thinking in, key areas of continuing education and nursing professional development. This article identifies six issues that played a significant role in 2018. [
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(12):540–542.]
Relational Coordination: Beyond Teambuilding
Authors: Jones-Schenk Jan
Published: November 2018

As discussions about the importance of teamwork, teambuilding, and interprofessional collaboration rise to a higher pitch, the why and what are well-known. The concept of relational coordination provides a relevant and timely model for how. [
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2018;49(12):543–544.]
Exploring the concerns of persons with disabilities in Western Zambia
Authors: Cleaver Shaun , Polatajko Helene , Bond Virginia , Magalhães Lilian , Nixon Stephanie
Published: November 2018

Background: Understandings of disability are rooted in contexts. Despite the world’s significant contextual diversity, postcolonial power dynamics allow influential actors from the global North to imagine that most people across the global South understand disability in one generalised way. When it informs programmes and services for persons with disabilities in the global South, this imagining of a single generalised view could reduce effectiveness while further marginalising the people for whom the programmes and services were designed.Objectives: In the interest of better understanding a contextually grounded meaning of disability, we explored the expressed concerns of two organisations of persons with disabilities and their members in Western Zambia.Method: In this qualitative constructionist study, data collection focused upon life with a disability and services available to persons with disabilities. Data were collected through 39 individual interviews and eight focus group discussions with 81 members of organisations of persons with disabilities. Data were analysed thematically.Results: The participants’ main expressed concern was poverty. This concern was articulated in terms of a life of suffering and a need for material resources. Participants linked poverty to disability in two ways. Some participants identified how impairments limited resource acquisition, resulting in suffering. Others considered poverty to be an integral part of the experience of disability.Conclusion: This study contributes to literature on disability theory by providing a contextually grounded account of a particular understanding of disability and poverty. The study also contributes to disability practice and policymaking through the demonstration of poverty as the main concern of persons with disabilities in this context.
Construir las competencias, ¿es darle la espalda a los saberes?
Authors: Perrenoud Philippe
Published: November 2018

Un enfoque por competencias no tiene porque ser, paradójicamente, más elitista que una pedagogía centrada en los saberes. ¿Cómo abordar el enfoque por competencias? Como una tentativa de modernizar el currículum, adaptado a la realidad contemporánea, en el campo del trabajo, de la ciudadanía o de la vida cotidiana. Es cierto que la ascensión de las competencias en el campo educativo va vinculada al mundo de la economía y del trabajo, pero también importa mostrar que, lejos de dar la espalda a los saberes, el enfoque por competencias les da una fuerza nueva, vinculándolas a las prácticas sociales, a las situaciones complejas, a los problemas, a los proyectos…
Record of Carineta Amyot and Audinet-Serville, 1843 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae: Carinetini) in Goiás State, Brazil
Authors: Maccagnan Douglas Henrique Bottura , Gomes Alan Ricardo Souza , Dias Hiago Costa , Duarte Millena Oliveira
Published: November 2018

Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) são insetos caracterizados principalmente pelo som que emitem, o que torna sua presença evidente em áreas naturais e urbanas. Além disso, sabemos pouco sobre as espécies que ocorrem na região neotropical, inclusive no Brasil. Este é o primeiro relato de espécies de Carineta no estado de Goiás, Brasil. As coletas foram feitas com armadilhas luminosas em duas localidades próximas na área central do bioma Cerrado. Foram amostradas as espécies Carineta durantoni Boulard, 1986, C. gemella Boulard, 1986, C. rufescens (Fabricius, 1803) e C. spoliata (Walker, 1858). Imagens dessas espécies e sua distribuição atual são apresentadas aqui.
Do Estado empreendedor ao mito da não-intervenção: A inovação como instituição nos Estados Unidos
Authors: Moreira Jr Hermes
Published: November 2018

Os Estados Unidos consolidaram durante o século XX um ecossistema de inovação responsável por garantir a liderança econômica do ciclo sistêmico do capitalismo mundial. A despeito das reformas nesse ecossistema implantadas durante as desregulamentações neoliberais do governo Reagan, o sistema nacional de inovações norte-americano continua competitivo em virtude da sólida trajetória institucional construída.
A crise do sistema soviético e o fim da Guerra Fria
Authors: Munhoz Sidnei
Published: November 2018

Este artigo tem como propósito examinar a crise do sistema soviético e as estratégias desenvolvidas pelo governo Gorbachev para redirecionar a economia e a política soviética com o objetivo de resolver os principais problemas que afetavam a URSS durante os anos 1980. Em adição, serão analisados os problemas encontrados por Gorbachev para implementar as reformas que tanto a União Soviética necessitava e a expansão da crise que culminou na dissolução da URSS.
O sonho de Julius e Ethel Rosenberg: antissemitismo, opinião pública e a U.S. Information Agency.
Authors: Cattai Júlio Barnez Pignata
Published: November 2018

No presente artigo, analisamos a atuação, no início dos anos 1950, da agência de informação e propaganda do governo dos EUA, a United States Information Agency, em relação ao processo movido na justiça do país contra o casal de judeus Julius e Ethel Rosenberg, acusados de espionagem em favor da União Soviética. Especificamente, analisamos a atuação de tal agência em dois importantes jornais brasileiros do período, o “Correio da Manhã” e a “Tribuna da Imprensa”. Mais do que discutir a singularidade do processo do casal Rosenberg, nosso objetivo é chamar atenção o fato de que, para além dos campos já conhecidos e consideravelmente explorados pela historiografia sobre a Guerra Fria, havia outro campo importante de disputa no período: o da propaganda cultural – no que a historiografia, notadamente estadunidense, tem chamado de “Cultural Cold War”.
Organisations paysannes et développement socio économique dans la zone forestière du Cameroun méridional, 1992 à 2015
Authors: Signie Christophe
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar o contributo das organizações camponesas para a promoção do mundo rural na zona florestal do sul dos Camarões desde 1992, ano em que um decreto do presidente da República autorizou a criação de grupos de agricultores, até 2015. Com base em fontes arquivísticas, fontes orais e uma bibliografia seletiva, este artigo trata do surgimento das organizações de agricultores nas regiões do Camarões Central e do Sul e aborda as suas atividades e o seu impacto ao desenvolvimento rural.Nossas análises mostram que a retirada do Estado do setor produtivo na década de 1990 e o quadro legislativo implementado pelas autoridades públicas favoreceram a criação de várias organizações no mundo rural na zona florestal. Essas associações camponesas contribuem para o desenvolvimento rural através do desenvolvimento da agricultura, do processamento e da comercialização de produtos e de fundos de poupança. O dinheiro dessas atividades permite que os membros dessas associações camponesas melhorem suas condições de vida.
Transgressões das regras sociais e jurídicas em Feira de Santana, 1890-1920
Authors: Damasceno Karine Teixeira
Published: November 2018

As mulheres pobres, trabalhadoras e negras de Feira de Santana, entre os anos de 1890 e 1920, não produziram de próprio punho informações sobre suas vidas; por isso, os processos-crimes foram fundamentais para que pudéssemos reconstituir fragmentos de seu passado, o que nos permitiu saber, por exemplo, que elas dissimulavam e se envolviam em disputas amorosas; insistiam em fazer suas próprias escolhas sexo-afetivas e trabalhavam para garantir a própria sobrevivência e a dos seus. Algumas, ainda, transgrediam o modelo de feminilidade imposto ao se envolverem em conflitos.
Um (in) feliz ano: a retomada após a Segunda Guerra Mundial
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Dos
Published: November 2018

Resenha da obra:BURUMA, IAN. Ano Zero: Uma história de 1945. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2015.
Doing Archival Research in The Gambia: Locating and Appraising the Sourc
Authors: Ceesay Hassoum
Published: November 2018

Este artigo discute os vários recursos de pesquisa de arquivo na Gâmbia. Ele procura apresentar aos futuros pesquisadores a ampla escolha de fontes primárias e secundárias disponíveis nos arquivos da Gâmbia.
Por uma sociologia do artista popular
Authors: Barreto Mariana
Published: November 2018

Este artigo parte da premissa de que existe uma recorrência na forma como se estruturam as carreiras dos artistas populares oriundos das classes populares. Na sociedade brasileira, marcada pela força de um mercado de bens simbólicos consolidado no seio de um conservador processo de modernização, as desigualdades sociais produzidas encontram correspondência na forma como se desenvolveram as trajetórias profissionais e pessoais desses criadores. Processos de diferenciação observados na constituição da música popular brasileira produziram efeitos específicos, tangíveis, quando grupos de intelectuais vinculados à produção da cultura conquistaram certa hegemonia nos reposicionamentos daquilo que seria ou não o popular, reconstituindo estruturas e propriedades definidoras deste campo. Tomo a carreira de João do Vale como objeto empírico preciso para identificar os elementos que tendem a caracterizar as reproduções destas desigualdades sociais no universo simbólico da música popular brasileira. Um de meus argumentos centrais é a defesa de uma sociologia do artista popular que siga atentamente esta particularidade de nossa modernidade e que, ao mesmo tempo, reconheça nos trabalhos de nossos mais “autênticos” artistas populares a natureza coletiva e socialmente territorializada de suas criações, isto é, que torne visível aquilo que seus percursos e obras carregam do mundo social e de suas estruturas.
Sumô: esporte de japonês em Ivoti/ RS
Authors: Ledur Josiana Ayala , Assmann Alice Beatriz , Mazo Janice Zarpellon
Published: November 2018

Na colônia japonesa da cidade de Ivoti, no Rio Grande do Sul, destacam-se as práticas corporais de lutas e, dentre estas, o sumô. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar como se sucedeu a prática do sumô em Ivoti, desde as primeiras manifestações, na década de 1960, até meados da década de 2010. Para esse fim, foram analisadas fontes impressas, iconográficas e uma fonte oral. A partir do cotejamento e da interpretação das informações foi possível depreender que, através da prática do sumô, de suas representações e adaptações, os nipo-brasileiros de Ivoti buscaram preservar práticas culturais de seus antepassados, vinculando a arte marcial específica, bem como os momentos sociais atrelados a ela, a uma tradição familiar. Neste cenário, a Associação Cultural e Esportiva Nipo-Brasileira de Ivoti (ACENB) constitui-se em local privilegiado para a promoção do sumô, bem como à manutenção e negociação de representações de identidade.
Danceterias como espaço de lazer: o cenário legislativo posterior ao desastre na boate Kiss
Authors: Nascimento Thaiane Bonaldo , Marin Elizara Carolina
Published: November 2018

Este estudo objetiva analisar as ações do poder público para com os estabelecimentos privados de lazer (danceterias) no âmbito da legalidade, posterior ao desastre na Boate KISS. Utilizamos como caminho a Análise Documental, como a Lei Complementar nº 14.376, de 26 de dezembro de 2013, o Inquérito Policial da boate KISS e a mídia impressa Diário de Santa Maria e, a Análise de Conteúdo. Inferimos a mobilização do poder público, posterior ao desastre, na criação de legislações que garantissem a segurança nas danceterias, em especial a Lei Kiss, bem como sua flexibilização, explicitando que o sistema econômico e interesses privados são balizadores da política e das relações entre o público e o privado. O desastre da Boate KISS registra a gravidade de riscos na esfera do lazer e nas tecnologias que incitam desejos, a necessidade de garantia de direitos sociais e de equidade social.
O tornar-se professor de Educação Física na formação inicial: um olhar sob as narrativas de formação
Authors: Pereira Gabriella Da Silva , Figueiredo Zenolia Christina Campos
Published: November 2018

Objetiva compreender as repercussões das experiências formadoras na trajetória curricular dos professores do curso de licenciatura do CEFD/UFES para o processo de tornar-se professor. Investe na perspectiva autobiográfica como metodologia e com narrativas orais em suas experiências de investigação-formação. Escolher os sujeitos e o lugar da pesquisa; elaborar a entrevista; entrevistar os sujeitos; analisar e tirar nota do material; garimpar os temas nas narrativas e elaborar uma síntese. A narrativa de formação do sujeito é o próprio percurso dessa pesquisa, que se caracteriza por um ser que se faz em movimento: o movimento de tornar-se professor.
Treinando para o passado: entendedores entenderão!
Authors: Da Silva Mauricio Roberto , Pires Giovani De Lorenzi , Pereira Rogerio Santos
Published: November 2018

Editorial faz  reflexão simbólica sobre o tempo presente da política brasileira e anuncia alterações na revista.
Esportividade, melancolia, nacionalismo e deficiência: a cobertura fotográfica dos jogos paralímpicos pelas lentes da Folha de São Paulo (1992 – 2016)
Authors: Dos Santos Silvan Menezes , Fermino Antonio Luis , Quaranta André Marsiglia , Souza Doralice Lange de
Published: November 2018

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar a representação imagética do esporte e dos atletas paraolímpicos na cobertura fotográfica do jornal Folha de São Paulo durante a realização dos Jogos Paralímpicos no período de 1992 a 2016.  O estudo foi de cunho quanti-qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório e se baseou na teoria do enquadramento. Houve um aumento no número de fotografias publicadas no decorrer dos anos, sendo que algumas das características principais das fotos são: esportividade dos atletas; melancolia associada à deficiência; promoção de nacionalismo; e espetacularização do grotesco e do ciborgue. O caráter polissêmico das representações propagadas nas fotografias revela algumas das complexidades envolvidas nas formas de se conceber atletas com deficiência e a necessidade de se melhor qualificar a mídia para futuras coberturas do esporte paralímpico.
Fatores que interferem no acesso aos serviços de saúde mental por crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Cubas João Mário , Vosgerau Dilmeire Sant’Anna Ramos , Carvalho Deborah Ribeiro
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Identificar fatores que dificultam ou facilitam o acesso aos serviços de saúde mental por crianças e adolescentes, em situação de acolhimento institucional. Métodos: Passaram pela aplicação de três questionários com questões abertas a profissionais atuantes em CAPSi, escolas especiais e unidades de acolhimento institucional de uma capital, no Sul do Brasil. Tratam-se de pessoas que atendem crianças e/ou adolescentes com deficiência intelectual e/ou transtorno mental e acolhidas. Inicialmente, foi utilizada a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, complementada pelos Ciclos de Codificação de Saldaña, apoiada pelo software ATLAS.ti. Os extratos de texto foram codificados/categorizados, sendo geradas redes e queries, a partir dos principais fatores levantados. Resultados: Observou-se que emergiram duas categorias: facilidades no acesso e dificuldades no acesso, sendo identificados 21 fatores relacionados a facilidades ao acesso aos serviços de saúde mental e 37 fatores relacionados a dificuldades. Aparece com maior frequência a reinserção social por meio dos serviços substitutivos como facilitador. Contudo a falta de capacitação profissional, a falta de estruturas especializadas para o atendimento desse público e a falta de recursos humanos foram as dificuldades mais acentuadas. Conclusão: Acentuar que essas técnicas contribuíram na identificação de fatores, minimizando o grau de subjetividade, constituindo uma estratégia que propicia a instrumentalização de processos de tomada de decisão.
O uso do world café como método de pesquisa junto às equipes de saúde
Authors: Machado Marcelo Pedra Martins , Passos Maria Fabiana Damásio
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Apresentar as características do World Café, identificando os principais aspectos que o torna uma estratégia de coleta de dados qualitativa que contribui para a interação e estimula a participação dos sujeitos de pesquisa. Métodos: Para tanto, foi utilizado como ponto de partida a utilização da referida técnica junto às equipes de saúde que atuam com pessoas em situação de rua no Distrito Federal – Brasil. Resultados e Conclusâo: Verificou-se que o World Café foi de grande relevância para a discussão de temas que são considerados balizadores para as práticas das equipes.
All that glitters is not gold: sacroiliitis
Authors: Tarantino Alfredo , Jablonska Justyna Paulina , D’Aprile Paola
Published: November 2018

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of „rheumatic” and „non-rheumatic” changes of the sacro-iliac joints (SIJ).

Material and methods

We performed MRI in 210 patients with suspected inflammatory low back pain. We sorted and analysed the characteristics of sacroiliac bone lesions in „rheumatic” and „non-rheumatic” patients and assessed the diagnostic values of their extent and location. SIJ lesions were classified on the basis of their location into two categories: unilateral and bilateral. Their extent was then measured and assigned to one of two groups: <1 cm or ≥ 1 cm.

Results

In 45 cases (21%), the MRI findings matched the clinical diagnosis of „rheumatic” sacroiliitis. Interestingly, in 99 cases (47%) the SIJ changes were classified as „non-rheumatic”. L5–S1 degenerative changes, scoliosis and pelvic asymmetry were most frequently encountered as concomitant phenomena in our study.

Conclusions

MRI of the sacroiliac joints in patients suspected of inflammatory low back pain demonstrated more often “non-rheumatic” changes.