bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of patients operated on for renal cell carcinoma and tumor venous thrombosis: experience of the Urology Clinics, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology
Authors: Volkova M. I. , Vashakmadze N. L. , Klimov A. V. , Begaliev A. K. , Kuznetsov K. P. , Matveev V. B.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to identify independent risk factors affecting survival of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and tumor venous thrombosis who have undergone nephrectomy and thrombectomy.

Materials and methods. This study included 768 patients with RCC complicated by tumor venous thrombosis who have undergone nephrectomy and thrombectomy. Median age was 58 years (range: 16-82 years); the male to female ratio was 2.3:1. The symptoms of tumor venous thrombosis were identified in 232 patients (30.2 %); laboratory abnormalities at baseline were observed in 456 patients (59.3 %). Grade I and II tumor thrombosis was diagnosed in 456 (59.3 %) and 201 (26.2 %) patients, respectively; grade III and IV thrombosis was found in 171 (22.3 %) and 177 (23.0 %) patients, respectively. One hundred and twenty-nine participants (16.8 %) had infrarenal inferior vena cava thrombosis. Regional metastases were detected in 188 individuals (24.4 %), distant metastases were registered in 274 patients (35.7 %). All patients have undergone surgery: either radical (n = 555; 72.3 %) or cytoreductive (n = 213; 27.7 %). All primary tumors were histologically classified as RCC (G3-4 in 337 cases; 43.9 %). A total of 719 patients (93.6 %) survived the perioperative period; 183 patients with metastasis (23.8 %) received systemic antitumor therapy.

Results. The median follow-up was 24 months (range: 1-200 months). The 24-month overall and cancer-specific survival of all patients were 96.9 and 99.7 %, respectively; recurrence-free survival of patients after radical surgery reached 92.9 %. Progression-free survival among those patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery and received first-line therapy/follow-up was 41.7 %. Negative predictive factors of overall survival included hepatomegaly (p = 0.024), ascites (p = 0.033), level IV tumor thrombosis (p <0.0001), infrarenal inferior vena cava thrombosis (p = 0.002), regional metastases (p <0.0001), and cytoreductive surgery (p = 0.012). Depending on the number of risk factors, we have identified 3 prognostic groups: favorable (0 factors), intermediate (1-2 factors), and poor (3-6 factors). Median overall survival differed significantly between the groups and was 128.6 ± 11.8; 40.9 ± 6.7 and 12.3 ± 2.2 months, respectively (p <0.0001 for all).

Conclusion. Stratification of patients operated on for RCC and venous tumor thrombosis with their allocation to prognostic groups will ensure the choice of an optimal management strategy.
Current capabilities in treatment of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: effectiveness, safety, and quality of life of patients taking darolutamide
Authors: Alekseev B. Ya. , Perepukhov V. M. , Nyushko K. M.
Published: November 2021

Prostate cancer is an important disease in current oncological urology. Radical treatment of patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer, including surgical and radiological treatments, often does not cure patients from this pathology, especially in the group with high risk of disease progression; the risk of biochemical recurrence in this patient group can be up to 40-60 %. Widespread application of radical treatment allowed to significantly increase survival of patients from this group. However, in case of biochemical recurrence, the majority of patients require longterm androgen-depriving therapy for suppression of natural testosterone level. In some of these patients during longterm castration therapy, non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer develops (CRPC) in the absence of signs of radiological disease progression. Results of large randomized trials show the necessity of stratification of these patients in the group with high risk of progression considering short doubling period of prostate-specific antigen and realization of distant metastases. The main therapy concept for this patient group is use of new-generation inhibitors of androgen signal to increase time to CRPC metastases and overall life expectancy. The article presents results of large trials performed in patients with non-metastatic CRPC and characterizes the role of one of the most effective drugs, darolutamide, used for treatment in this patient cohort.
Results and prospects for the development of supportive therapy in Russia. Based on the materials of the first Best of MASCC conference in Russia
Authors: Snegovoy A. V.
Published: November 2021

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Obesity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission: the evaluation of causes, hidden nutritional deficiency and the experience of its correction by using artificial enteral nutrition
Authors: Vashura A. Yu. , Zhukovskaya E. V. , Lukina S. S. , Gavrilova A. E.
Published: November 2021

Background. Antineoplastic treatment can have late toxic manifestations that can often appear after end of treatment. Children after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a risk of developing both obesity and undernutrition, which may be concealed by increased fat mass.

Objective: to explore the incidence of obesity and hidden undernutrition in children with ALL and to describe the effect of enteral feeding using in these children.

Materials and methods. In a retrospective study the data of 62 children with obesity that was revealed by standard examination was analyzed. The criterion of obesity was increased value of fat mass received by bioimpedance analysis. For this evaluation Russian bioimpedance analysis standards were used. Additionally, the included data were following: presence of endocrine pathology, weight change during latter 6 months before admission, physical activity and alimentary characteristics (usual regimen and structure of daily feed).

Results. Only 54.8 % of patients with an actual excess of fat body mass index detected obesity (Z‑score higher than +2.00) and another 29 % body mass index was within the normal range (Z‑score from –1.00 to +1.00). This was the result of a tissue imbalance: reduce fat‑free mass. Some patients were diagnosed with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. 83.7 % have a completely passive lifestyle. 49.0 % almost do not eat fruits and berries, 79.6 % – vegetables and 91.8 % – fish and seafood. Frequent intake of sweet dishes – 22.4 %, sausage products – 49.0 %, bakery products – 42.9 %, dishes from fast food restaurants – 42.9 %. 55.1 % of patients had more than 5 meals a day, while 18.4 % – less than 3. In or‑ der to correct hidden nutritional deficiencies, 22 patients received artificial nutritional formulas. They had a significant increase in fat‑free mass and a decrease in fat, in comparison with those who did not receive enteral feeding.

Conclusion. Treatment‑associated factors, physical activity and alimentary causes play an important role in formation of not only obesity, but also hidden nutritional insufficiency in children with ALL after treatment. Enteral feeding using artificial polymeric formulas showed its effectiveness. An integrated and multidisciplinary approach to solving the problem is appropriate of prevention and treatment of obesity.
Analysis of visual object tracking algorithms for real-time systems
Authors: Moroz Mykola , Berestov Denys , Kurchenko Oleg
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the latest achievements and decisions in the process of visual support of the target object in the field of computer vision, considers approaches to the choice of algorithm for visual support of objects on video sequences, highlights the main visual features that can be based on tracking object. The criteria that influence the choice of the target object-tracking algorithm in real time are defined. However, for real-time tracking with limited computing resources, the choice of the appropriate algorithm is crucial. The choice of visual tracking algorithm is also influenced by the requirements and limitations for the monitored objects and prior knowledge or assumptions about them. As a result of the analysis, the Staple tracking algorithm was preferred, according to the criterion of speed, which is a crucial indicator in the design and development of software and hardware for automated visual support of the object in real-time video stream for various surveillance and security systems, monitoring traffic, activity recognition and other embedded systems.
Introducing ISMDq—A Web Portal for Real-Time Quality Monitoring of Italian Strong-Motion Data
Authors: Massa Marco , Scafidi Davide , Mascandola Claudia , Lorenzetti Alessio
Published: November 2021

We present the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Strong-Motion Data-quality (ISMDq)—a new automatic system designed to check both continuous data stream and event strong-motion waveforms before online publication. The main purpose of ISMDq is to ensure accurate ground-motion data and derived products to be rapidly shared with monitoring authorities and the scientific community. ISMDq provides data-quality reports within minutes of the occurrence of Italian earthquakes with magnitude ≥3.0 and includes a detailed daily picture describing the performance of the target strong-motion networks. In this article, we describe and discuss the automatic procedures used by ISMDq to perform its data-quality check.

Before an earthquake, ISMDq evaluates the selected waveforms through the estimation of quality indexes employed to reject bad data and/or to group approved data into classes of quality that are useful to quantify the level of reliability. The quality indexes are estimated based on comparisons with the background ambient noise level performed both in the time and frequency domains. As a consequence, new high- and low-noise reference levels are derived for the overall Italian strong-motion network, for each station, and for groups of stations in the same soil categories of the Eurocode 8 (Eurocode 8 [EC8], 2003).

In absence of earthquakes, 24 hr streaming of ambient noise recordings are analyzed at each station to set an empirical threshold on selected data metrics and data availability, with the goal to build a station quality archive, which is daily updated in a time span of six months.

The ISMDq is accessible online (see Data and Resources) from August 2020, providing rapid open access to ∼10,000 high-quality checked automatically processed strong-motion waveforms and metadata, relative to more than 160 Italian earthquakes with magnitude in the 3.0–5.2 range. Comparisons between selected strong-motion data automatically processed and then manually revised corroborate the reliability of the proposed procedures.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN JURUS TUNGGAL PENCAK SILAT BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Triprayogo Rian , Sutapa Panggung , Festiawan Rifqi , Anugrah Sendy Mohamad , Iwandana Dody Tri
Published: November 2021

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan media pembelajaran jurus tunggal berbasis android. Media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar jurus tunggal pencak silat. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan. Pengujian lapangan awal dilakukan di SMP Budi Mulia Dua Sleman. Pengujian lapangan utama dilakukan di SMP Mataram dan MTs Ali Maksum Bantul. Tahap uji lapangan operasional di SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Kota Yogyakarta. Data diperoleh dengan cara observasi dan kuesioner menggunakan skala likert. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data efektivitas diperoleh menggunakan paired T test. Hasil pengembangan media pembelajaran jurus tunggal pencak silat berbasis android adalah efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pencak silat baik dari pengetahuan teori dan praktik gerak jurus tunggal. Hasil penilaian ahli menunjukkan dalam kategori sangat baik. Hasil pada uji lapangan operasional menunjukkan signifikansi < 0.5. Berdasar hasil tersebut media pembelajaran jurus tunggal pencak silat berbasis android dianggap efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar jurus tunggal pencak silat. Kata kunci: pembelajaran, jurus tunggal, android, pencak silat
GAMBARAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH CALON GURU SEKOLAH DASAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Prakoso Bayu Budi , Muzakki Abdurrohman , Fantiro Frendy Aru
Published: November 2021

Tidak sedikit para guru sekolah dasar (SD) diberikan tugas untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan kecakapan memelihara aktivitas fisik dan bentuk tubuh siswa agar tetap fit, terutama dikala sekolah tidak memiliki guru pendidikan jasmani. Sebagai role model, sewajarnya apabila seorang guru SD dituntut memiliki tubuh yang fit secara kualitas dan bentuk, tidak terkecuali para calon guru SD. Masalah muncul ketika pandemi covid-19 membatasi aktivitas fisik yang diyakini berkorelasi dengan berubahnya bentuk tubuh yang unfit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kualitas aktivitas fisik dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) calon guru SD selama pandemi covid-19. Merupakan jenis cross-sectional study memanfaatkan IPAQ-SF yang disebarkan melalui google form kepada seluruh mahasiswa PGSD UMM. Setelah melalui screening, sebanyak 334 orang (51 laki-laki dan 283 perempuan) layak dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif statistik dan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik mahasiswa masuk dalam kategori keaktifan tinggi (M= 2.374, SD= 1.544) dan IMT masuk dalam kategori normal (M= 21,8, SD= 4,1). Tidak ada hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dan IMT [X2 (6,N= 334)= 1,898, p= 0,929, r= 0,032, p= 0,557]. Artinya, variabel aktivitas fisik tidak cukup menjadi penyebab dari bentuk tubuh mahasiswa. Perlu penelitian yang lebih mendalam untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi IMT.
Experimental studies of the energy and information characteristics of DRM signals with a reduced crest factor
Authors: Vishniakov M.G. , Morozov K.Y.
Published: November 2021

The DRM digital broadcasting system, like most digital broadcasting systems, uses OFDM technology. One of the important problems of this technology is the problem of the crest factor. The suppression of the crest factor is caused by the need to improve the energy characteristics of the signal, but this leads to a degradation of its information characteristics. Various modeling methods allow evaluating the energy and information characteristics of DRM signals after the crest factor reducing, however, the final conclusion about the effectiveness of a particular method for the crest factor reducing can only be made during the experiment. In this regard, there is an urgent scientific and technical task of conducting experimental studies of the energy and information characteristics of DRM signals with a reduced crest factor. This article discusses the developed methods of experimental studies of the DRM signals parameters, an experimental stand for studying the energy and information characteristics of DRM signals, and also presents the results of experimental studies. The results of modeling various methods for the crest factor reducing of DRM signals, obtained using the "PC PIK-TsRV" software complex, developed at JSC "SIB RS", are shown. Comparison of the results of experimental studies with the results of modeling showed their identity, which proves the adequacy of the proposed approaches. It is noted that the developed methods and test bench can be successfully applied to conduct experiments in the field of studying the effect of various methods of the crest factor reducing on the DRM signals characteristics.
The spatial configuration control for the mobile digital direction finder system
Authors: Khutortsev V.V.
Published: November 2021

A promising direction related to determining the location of radio sources is the use of mobile digital direction finders. Their use is most effective when such direction finders form a system of information-related meters localized in a mobile coordinate system and able to move in it. Depending on the variation of the electromagnetic environment (the termination of radiation by some sources, the appearance of other sources of radio emission, their movement, etc.), the positions of the separated digital direction finders inside such a system should change. To ensure the effective functioning of the measuring system, the paper considers the problem of synthesizing control of the spatial configuration of digital direction finders, the solution of which provides maximum accuracy in determining the coordinates of the location of radio sources. It is shown that the specified problem belongs to the class of active experiments optimization problems or problems of trajectory control of observations.
Improving the accuracy of the synthesis of the amplitude-phase distribution in an antenna array with an arbitrary geometry
Authors: Gabrielyan D.D. , Fedorov Dan.S. , Fedorov Den.S.
Published: November 2021

Problem statement. One of the constructing antenna arrays (AA) topic is related to the determination of complex amplitudes at the input of the antenna-feeder path, which, taking into account the distortions introduced by the its, ensure the formation of an amplitude-phase distribution (APD), in which the formed DP differed minimally from the set one. The statement of the problem assumes the known number and coordinates of the location of the emitters, the DP of the radiating element in the composition of the radiating opening, a given radiation pattern. It is required to form an APD in a given opening of the AA, which ensures the formation of a DP that has a minimum deviation from the specified one. To solve the problem, the following algorithm is proposed: determination of the APD at the input of the antenna-feeder path, which ensures the formation of a given DP in the absence of distortions introduced by the antenna-feeder path; measurement for the selected directions of the generated DP with the selected APD in the presence of APD distortions introduced by the antenna-feeder path; formation of a refined APD that ensures the fulfillment of required condition in the presence of distortions introduced by the antenna-feeder path of the AA. Objective. Minimize the root-mean-square deviation of the generated PD from the one specified for the AP with the opening of an arbitrary geometry. Results. The results obtained showed: The formulation of the problem of synthesis of the APD allows us to consider, within the framework of a single approach, AA with different geometries, including AA with a non-planar radiating opening, no restrictions are imposed on the shape of the boundary, and linear (quasi-ring) AA, the emitters of which are located along an arbitrary mane. Using the proposed algorithm for the synthesis of APD, which includes three main stages: the formation of APD for a given DP; measurement of complex values of the generated DP; refinement of the APD by determining the corrections while minimizing the standard deviation (SD) between the specified and formed at the first stage of the DP, allows us to form an APD that provides a minimum SD between the specified and formed DP. The performed studies have shown that when choosing the number of angular directions in each plane, comparable to the number of emitters in this plane, there is a large difference between the given and formed DP. When the number of angular directions for measuring the DP is approximately three times greater than the number of emitters in a given plane, the SD between the specified and formed DP is close to the minimum value and practically does not change with further increase.
The method of forming virtual receiving channels in the automobile MIMO-radar
Authors: Ermolaev V.T. , Shmonin O.A. , Artukhin I.V. , Flaxman A.G. , Semenov V.Yu.
Published: November 2021

The article is intended for specialists in the field of radar, radio engineering and telecommunications. It considers the problem of forming virtual receiving channels in a car MIMO radar to increase the antenna aperture in the horizontal plane. The case is investigated when two cars fall into the main beam of the radar antenna pattern, and therefore, the application of super-resolution methods in azimuth is required. In modern vehicles, this option is required for vehicle collision avoidance and driver assistance systems. The use of MIMO technology makes it possible to form a larger antenna array (AR) for reception, the so-called virtual AR. This becomes possible due to a special choice of the topologies of the location of the transmitting and receiving channels, as well as due to the multiplication of the probing signals in each transmitting channel by an individual code. As a result, the resolving power of the AR increases in the direction finding of the target. A radar with “short” sounding chirp pulses is considered, in which the range is measured by the frequency method. The parameters of the signal in the radar are chosen so that the contribution of the terms associated with the speed of the target on the pulse duration to the beat frequency on the receiving side is negligible. Analytical expressions are obtained for the received signals under conditions of the Doppler frequency shift and “short” probing pulses. A method for generating signals in virtual receiving channels using an encoder only on the transmitting side and without a decoder on the receiving side is proposed. The use of various codes is investigated and their effectiveness is compared. For direction finding of targets, the method of the minimum polynomial of the correlation matrix of the received signals is applied. The method involves assessing the degree of the minimum polynomial of the correlation matrix of the input process in the AR based on a statistically valid root-mean-square criterion. This method allows adaptive estimation of the number of signal sources and has a super-resolution function. In contrast to the known works, the main attention is paid to the case of a short sample of the input process, when the number of samples is less than the dimension of the virtual AR. In this case, the sample correlation matrix is degenerate. The results of numerical modeling are given for the accuracy of azimuth measurement and the probability of correct resolution of two targets. A natural experiment was carried out. The presented results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed concept, high accuracy of azimuth measurements, and the possibility of super resolution of two targets in the case of a short sample.
Determination of the limits of the density of the slurry and its optimal values for the manufacture of band-pass filters (BPF)
Authors: Lobachev N.Yu. , Ochkov D.S. , Shepeluk M.Yu. , Bliznuk L.A. , Basov N.A.
Published: November 2021

The object of research in this work were chosen two 4-shift filter on 2 resonator ceramic monoblocks, made by hot casting technology of ALTC ceramics. The main purpose of the work was determination of influence of additional grinding time on electrical parameters of BPF. The main criteria were chosen: further improvement of the squared-off ratio of BPF. Further work on the effect of density increase on electrical parameters of band-pass filter at the process stage of mass grinding is described. Results of sharper transition from bandwidth to suppression band and decrease of BPF rectangle coefficient are obtained. A version of further improvement of the technology of making ceramic housings for two-resonator monoblocks is proposed.
Healthcare on President Joe Biden’s agenda
Authors: Guchanova Anastasia
Published: November 2021

The article examines the main problems and disproportions in the US health care system, which were clearly revealed during the Covid-19 pandemic. There were analyzed the main measures taken by the administration of Democratic President J. Biden to overcome the pandemic and his plans to reform health care and health insurance. The author revealed that the market principles of health care and health insurance do not cope with critical situations and are not able to ensure the availability of medical care in the country, and therefore the strengthening of the role of the federal government in these sectors of the economy is necessary for the development of human capital.
Collective immunity and anti-vaxxers in the USA and Russia
Authors: Popov Nikolay
Published: November 2021

The fight against the coronavirus pandemic has reached a stage where the source of infection is largely understood, numerous vaccines have been developed, and the main problem now is to cover the majority of people on the planet with vaccination in order to develop collective immunity from infection. At the same time, in many countries there are opponents of vaccination who do not want to be vaccinated and thereby restrain the creation of such immunity. In the United States, these are people who do not believe in the special danger of COVID-19, who believe that the vaccine itself has not yet been tested and carries no less danger than the infection with which it is fighting. In addition, a special danger, in their opinion, is that vaccination leads to autism. Some of those who do not want to be vaccinated believe that special microchips will be introduced to them with the help of vaccines, so that the authorities will control their behavior. In Russia, the fears of getting vaccinated are similar: disbelief in the danger of the pandemic itself, the unverified and harmful nature of the vaccine, as well as the fear of chipping. In both countries, the inconsistency and discrepancy of government officials ' statements about the pandemic and vaccination led to people's reluctance to get vaccinated
Software Supply Chain Attacks, a Threat to Global Cybersecurity: SolarWinds’ Case Study
Authors: Martínez Jeferson , Durán Javier M.
Published: November 2021

Exploitation of a vulnerability that compromised the source code of the Solar Winds’ Orion system, a software that is used widely by different government and industry actors in the world for the administration and monitoring of networks; brought to the fore a type of stealth attack that has been gaining momentum: supply chain attacks. The main problem in the violation of the software supply chain is that, from 85% to 97% of the code currently used in the software development industry comes from the reuse of open source code frameworks, repositories of third-party software and APIs, creating potential vulnerabilities in the development cycle of a software product. This research analyzes the SolarWinds case study from an exploratory review of academic literature, government information, but also from the articles and reports that are published by different cybersecurity consulting firms and software providers. Then, a set of good practices is proposed such as: Zero trust, Multi-Factor authentication mechanisms (MFA), strategies such as SBOM and the recommendations of the CISA guide to defend against this type of attack. Finally, the research discusses about how to improve response times and prevention against this type of attacks, also future research related to the subject is suggested, such as the application of Machine Learning and Blockchain technologies. Additionally for risk reduction, in addition to the management and articulation of IT teams that participate in all the actors that are part of the software life cycle under a DevSecOps approach.
Credit Risk Assessment of Loan Defaulters in Commercial Banks Using Voting Classifier Ensemble Learner Machine Learning Model
Authors: Kokate Shrikant , Chetty Manna Sheela Rani
Published: November 2021

In banking sector credit score plays a very important factor. It is important to find which customer is valid and which is not valid for loan. Now to classify customer’s credit score is used. Based on this credit score of customers the bank will decide whether to approve loan or not. In banks there are major failures due to credit risks. We can automate this by using various Machine learning algorithms to identify loan defaulters. To classify and predict the customers here various Machine learning techniques like gradient boosting, random forest and Feature Selection technique along with Decision Tree are used. Using these algorithms we accurately classify valid and invalid customers for loan. Designed model can classify their customers into good and bad applicants and train the model for getting the better accuracy of the customer data.
Attenuation of Haemodynamic Response to Placement of Mayfield Skull Pin Head Holder - Comparison of Dexmedetomidine Versus Propofol Infusion - A Randomized Interventional Trial Done in a Tertiary Centre in Central Kerala
Authors: Unni Sruthy , Sebastian Ranju , Joseph Elizabeth , Kamalakshi Remani Kelan , Parambath Jamsheena Muthira
Published: November 2021

The above article has been withdrawn on authors’ request. Original CitationUnni S, Sebastian R, Joseph E, et al. Attenuation of haemodynamic response to placement of Mayfield skull pin head holder - comparison of dexmedetomidine versus propofol infusion - a randomized interventional trial done in a tertiary centre in central Kerala. J Evid Based Med Healthc 2021;8(29):2639-2643. DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2021/486
Comparison between Sniffing Position and 25 Degree Backup Position in View of Glottis During Direct Laryngoscopy and Intubation - A Study from Mangalore, Karnataka
Authors: U.K. AKhil Rao , Soman Athira , Yadav Anuradha , R. Yashwant , Sharat Sucheth
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND Endotracheal intubation for the purpose of providing anaesthesia was first described by William Mc Ewan. Jackson1 stressed the importance of anterior flexion of the lower cervical spine, in addition to obvious extension of the atlanto-occipital joint. Sniffing position has been commonly advocated as a standard head positioning for direct laryngoscopy which is achieved by flexion of the neck on chest and extension of the head at the atlanto-occipital joint. Present study was designed to evaluate the glottis view and ease of intubation achieved with direct laryngoscopy in the sniffing position with that of 25 degree backup position in a study group of 100 patients divided in 2 groups of 50 each. METHODS This study is a controlled comparative study. Controlled trial in 50 consecutive patients in each group [Group I and Group II] was conducted on patients who underwent elective surgery under general anaesthesia. Inclusion Criteria - General anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation, Aged 18 to 60 years, American society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grades I and II. Exclusion Criteria - Patients with body mass index more than 30 kg/m2. 1. Bucked teeth. 2. Restricted neck movement. 3. Inter-incisor gap less than 35 mm. 4. Thyro-mental distance less than 6 mm. 5. Patients with risk of regurgitation and aspiration. 6. Pharyngeal pathology. 7. Limitation of anterior and posterior movement of mandible 8. Pregnant patients Groups wereGroup I – Sniffing position Group II– 25 degree back up position RESULTS The glottis visualization was assessed by Cormack Lehane grading which revealed that glottis view was better in 25 degree backup position than sniffing position. CONCLUSIONS In our prospective randomized study in a series of 50 patients undergoing general anaesthesia in SIMS & RC, intubation difficulty scale (IDS) score was better in 25 degree backup position than sniffing position. It implies glottis view is better in 25 degree backup position than sniffing position. KEYWORDS Sniffing Position, 25 Degree Backup Position, Laryngoscopy
Pedagogical Support of Self-Organization of Associations for Children in the Conditions of a Network Society
Authors:   Institute of Psychological and Pedagogic problems of the Childhood of Russian Academy of Education, Miroshkina M. R.
Published: November 2021

The study covers results of theoretical analysis of the basic contradiction within intergenerational interactions in the network society, defined by the fact that modern children live in the system of «horizontal» network relations, in the format of network societies, and adults are guided by the developed «vertical» models of relations and social behaviour. Self-organization is defined as an unapproved process of formation of small informal societies (groups, associations, formations, societies, teams) which factor-impulse being their source. The essence of self-organization is effective joint interactions aimed at achieving certain goals, which have arisen as a reflexion of the factor-impulse; the existence basis of self-organization is social interactions or interpersonal communication. The factor-impulse is an idea, subject, phenomenon, event, information, or provocation which generate interest in one person or a group of people «launches» the process of self-organization. The most effective type of activity of the adult under the conditions of self-organization of children is pedagogical support which is aimed at the development of the child’s readiness to build the individual life project independently, and in the adult’s readiness to react adequately to problem situations arising at children at various social institutes.
Improving Measurability of Professional Education Standard
Authors:   Saratov State Social and Economic University, Maksimova E. A.
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the problem of bringing the system of evaluating results in professional education to conformity with the evaluation of competitive ability of specialists on the labour market. The author reveals the essence of the main category for measuring results, which is competence and shows that this complex category must be measured by means of a number of techniques. The brief algorithm for creating effective diagnostic techniques is shown: drawing the circle of professional duties – coding professional requirements in terms of competence – choosing an adequate technique. Analysis of popular methods for measuring competence is carried out (supervision, questionnaire, interview, assessment centre) advantages and drawbacks of each of them are shown. The conclusion is drawn about the necessity to adapt the existing methods of staff assessment, which are used in commercial and non-commercial organizations, to the educational process.
TUNGSTEN-FREE HARD ALLOYS: MANUFACTURING METHODS, STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES (review)
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Patrushev A.Yu. , Farafonov D.P. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Serov M.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: November 2021

In this paper provides an overview of scientific and technical literature and developments in the field of tungsten-free hard alloys or cermet as promising materials of a new generation metalworking tools. Methods of obtaining sintered hard alloys, their structure and basic operational properties are considered The main directions of improving the properties of hard alloys are given. The results of experimental work on the production of cermet by high-speed quenching of the melt are presented. The obtained fast-quenched materials of the Fe–TiC–TiB2 system demonstrate physical and mechanical properties at the level of sintered hard alloys, but at the same time it contain 2–3 times less of the carbide phase.
The Effect of The Mind Map Method on The Students’ Memory in Thematic Learning
Authors: Harits Dea Amelia , Mizaniya Mizaniya
Published: November 2021

Mind mapping is a method that can optimize students' memory, because it uses images, lines, colors, and symbols that can stimulate the child's double senses, in addition mind mapping can also maximize their brain abilities. The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of mind map method on the memory of learners in thematic learning in class IV MI Ma'arif NU 02 Tamansari. This research is a type of pre-experimental research conducted with the design of one group pretest posttest. The population in this study was all students in grade IV MI Ma'arif NU 02 Tamansari. Data collection techniques used in the form of observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. Test instruments use a type of short fill test that has been through the analysis of validity and reliability. Data analysis techniques use prerequisite test analysis in the form of normality and homogeneity test, and hypothesis test using statistical test paired sample t test. The results showed that the mind map method affects the memory of learners. This was demonstrated by Sig. (2-tailed) t test result with a significance of 0.000 less than 0.05. So, Ha was accepted and H0 was rejected, meaning that the mind map method affects the memory of the learners.
Investment of Self-Confidence in Cingkrik Rawa Belong Pencak Silat for Elementary School Students
Authors: Sa'odah Sa'odah , Supriatna Mamat
Published: November 2021

This article aims to describe thoroughly the value of self-confidence in Pencak Silat activities for elementary school students. The scope includes the value of self-confidence in Pencak Silat Cingkrik Rawa Belong. The research method used is a literature review and field visits that include observation and interviews. The research subjects were the head of the Lengkong Arts and Culture House Foundation and the research object was elementary school students who were active in Pencak Silat activities in elementary schools. The research sites are the Cingkrik Rawa Belong Lengkong Cultural Art House and the Primary School in Tangerang. The instruments used were interviews and observation. The result of this research is that the value of self-confidence in Pencak Silat activities is the value obtained by children from training or Pencak silat activities and then retrained through the experience of the championships that have been followed The use-value contained in the Cingkrik Pencak Silat activity can be used as learning to instill confidence in elementary school students.
MANAJEMEN SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KINERJA GURU PAUD (Studi Kasus di RA Nahdlatussalam Kalimantan Tengah Anjir Serapat)
Authors: Rahimah Rahimah , Majdi Muhammad , Muzdhalifah Muzdhalifah
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study aims to find out the management of supervision in auditing institutions in one of the schools in central Kalimantan, namely RA Nahdlatussalam. The study used a qualitative approach with case study, interviews or observations with the principal about management supervision in the RA. From the results of the study, it was found that the supervision of education was carried out once in a month, the supervisor in the implementation of supervision was a person from outside the school. Among those carried out in the implementation of supervision is the supervisor seeing or observing the teachers when learning takes place by assessing according to established assessment guidelines. After completion of the assessment when the learning takes place then the teachers along with the meeting supervisor together discuss about the way the teacher teaches, and so on. If there are deficiencies, the supervisor will provide input and direction to make the teacher better in learning activities. Aside from outside the school who is a supervisor, the principal becomes a supervisor once a month assessing the learning of teachers in the RA. Keyword: Management, Educational Supervison, Early Childhood Education Programs
ANALISIS ONTOLOGI, EPISTEMOLOGI, DAN AKSIOLOGI ILMU PERPUSTAKAAN DAN INFORMASI (Sebuah Kajian Filsafat Ilmu dan Keislaman)
Authors: Juairiah Juairiah
Published: November 2021

AbstrakIlmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi dalam perspektif Filsafat Ilmu merupakan sebuah disiplin ilmu yang mengkaji proses penggalian Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi bertujuan untuk melihat hakikat dari Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi tersebut. Untuk mencari tahu tentang Filsafat Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi maka dapat digali dari tiga aspek yaitu: Apa yang dikaji oleh pengetahuan Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi itu (ontologi)? Apakah Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi benar-benar dapat disebut ilmu (epistemologi)? Dan untuk apa Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi tersebut (aksiologi)?. Ontologi Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi tidak hanya mengkaji teori-teori ilmu perpustakaan, ilmu terapan yang diterapkan di perpustakaan, dan rekaman informasi; lebih jauh dari itu mempelajari bagaimana cantuman informasi dalam berbagai bentuk media dan sistem temu balik informasinya dalam kaitannya dengan penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (ICT). Sedangkan Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi jika dikaji dari segi epistemologi merupakan manajemen pengetahuan manusia, antar cabang ilmu pengetahuan yang paling banyak dibanding dari semua ilmu lain, dan karena menyangkut filsafat ilmu pengetahuan, ilmu ini berpotensi menjadi ilmu yang paling filosofis dibanding ilmu yang dikaji profesi lain. Dan aksiologi dari Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi tentunya sangat urgen dan berguna untuk pencarian dan penyebarluasan informasi bagi kemaslahatan umat manusia, pada pandangan yang lebih luas ilmu ini melalui pustakawan sebagai profeional informasi menjalankan peran perpustakaan sebagai agen perubahan, pembangunan, agen budaya serta pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dari masa ke masa. Kata Kunci: Filsafat Ilmu, Filsafat Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi, Ontologi,Epistemoogi, Aksiologi
Gaya kepemimpinan kepala perpustakaan khusus Dinas Pendidikan Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Fuady Najmi , Latifah Nor
Published: November 2021

Introduction. This study aims to find out about the leadership style of the Head of the Library at Special Library of Dinas Pendidikan Kota Yogyakarta.. Data Collection Methods. Descriptive qualitative type of research in which data are collected through interviews and documentationData Analysis. The theory used is a leadership style based on Ralph White and Ronald Lippit, namely autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire. For the analysis knife, four types of objects of observation are used, namely communication, supervision, direction and decision making.Results and Discussion. Leadership style applied by the Head of the Library at Special Library of Dinas Pendidikan Kota Yogyakarta is democratic. This conclusion is drawn after looking at 4 objects of observation that can translate the leadership style of the librarian, namely: communication, work supervision, direction, and decision making. Of these four things, the head of the library always involves the participation of his employees with the aim of exchanging ideas with each other both in terms of completing work and in solving a problem.Conclusion. The results showed that the leadership style applied by the head of the library used a democratic leadership style.
Menelaah Urgensi Pendidikan bagi Perempuan Sesuai dengan Pemikiran R.A. Kartini
Authors: Karai Handak Indira Syifa , Kuswanto Kuswanto
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menelaah secara mendalam mengenai urgensi pendidikan bagi perempuan yang sesuai menurut pemikiran R.A Kartini. Kajian penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Dasar pemikiran dan hasil pembahasan diperoleh dari hasil studi kepustakaan berbagai sumber seperti jurnal, artikel dan buku elektronik. Diperoleh hasil bahwa teori mengenai urgensi pendidikan bagi perempuan ini selaras dengan pemikiran R.A Kartini yang terdapat 5 aspek sesuai dengan buku Habis Gelap Terbitlah Terang dalam mencapai tingkat kesetaraan yang sama dengan laki-laki. Dengan memahami teori berdasarkan pemikiran R.A Kartini tersebut diharapkan mampu untuk meningkatkan urgensi pendidikan bagi perempuan di masa sekarang agar dapat berjalan dengan semestinya.
Transformative Bildung als praktizierte Solidarität angesichts globaler Krisen
Authors: Mette Norbert
Published: November 2021

„Transformative Bildung“ ist keine Aufgabe, die sich erst angesichts der aktuellen krisenhaf­ten Weltlage für Erziehung und Bildung ergibt. Sondern pädagogisches Handeln hat es grundlegend mit einer transformatorisch sich vollziehenden Entwicklung der Individuen zu tun. Ein solcher intergenerationeller Lernpro­zess steht je neu vor der Prüfung, ob der gesellschaftliche Kontext, wie er ist, zukunftsfähige Lebensmöglichkeiten für alle bereit hält.
Globale Gerechtigkeit und Nachhaltigkeit im Religionsunterricht
Authors: Ziegler Bernd
Published: November 2021

Im Zuge der fortschreitenden Globalisierung der Gesellschaft wird vermehrt darüber nachge­dacht, wie der Religionsunterricht eine ethisch-moralische Reflexion globaler Probleme fördern kann. Grundgelegt sind derartige Bildungsbemühungen meist in den Leitbildern der weltweiten Gerechtigkeit und Nachhaltigkeit. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht, aus der Perspektive des allgemeinpädagogischen Diskurses zum Globalen Ler­nen drei didaktische Herausforderungen beim Umgang mit diesen Leitbildern zu fixieren und daraus theoretische Impulse für den Religionsunterricht abzuleiten. Erstens wird dargelegt, dass Globales Lernen auch im religiösen Kontext eine reflexive Verhältnisbestimmung zwischen der Normativität der weltweiten Gerechtigkeits- bzw. Nachhaltigkeitsidee und dem Anspruch der Lerner*innen auf eine eigene Entscheidung anregen kann. Zweitens liefert der allgemeinpädagogische Diskurs Impulse zur gleichberechtigten Integration von Sichtweisen aus Süd und Nord in den religiösen Bildungsprozess. Zuletzt deutet das Globale Lernen auch Möglichkeiten an, mit der enormen Komplexität weltweiter Gerechtigkeits- bzw. Nachhaltigkeitsfragen im Religionsunterricht umzugehen.
Gennerich, Carsten / Zimmermann, Mirjam (2020). Bibelwissen und Bibelverständnis bei Jugendlichen: Grundlegende Befunde – theoriegeleitete Analysen – bibeldidaktische Konsequenzen. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer. ISBN 978-3-17-038910-6. 212 Seiten.
Authors: Weirer Wolfgang
Published: November 2021

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Rothgangel, Martin / Abraham, Ulf / Bayrhuber, Horst / Frederking, Volker / Jank, Werner / Vollmer, Helmut J. (Hg.) (2021). Lernen im Fach und über das Fach hinaus. Allgemeine Fachdidaktik Band 2 (2. Auflage). Münster: Waxmann. ISBN 978-3-8309-9122-9. 598 Seiten.
Authors: Heger Johannes
Published: November 2021

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„Es sind nun mal leider keine Klimaaktivisten, die das Land führen.“
Authors: Torrau Sören , Gloe Markus
Published: November 2021

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird am Beispiel einer Fallstudie rekonstruiert, wie Jugendliche mit der Kategorie Gewissheit/Ungewissheit ökologische Krisen und gesellschaftliche Zukunft in sozialwissenschaftli­chen Lernprozessen thematisieren. Dabei werden Verbindungslinien und Lernpotenziale zwischen religiöser und sozialwissenschaftlicher Bildung in Bildungsprozessen zu nachhaltiger Entwicklung fokussiert. Auf Grundlage empirischer Unterrichts- und Interviewauszüge wird wissensdidaktisch herausgearbeitet, dass Schüler*innen Un­gewissheit als Prozess der diskursiven politischen Herstellung zwischen verschiedenen gesellschaftlichen Teilsyste­men fokussieren, um am Beispiel der australischen Buschbrände 2019/2020 den anthropogenen Klimawandel nicht nur als ökologisches, sondern vorwiegend als politisches und soziostrukturelles globales Problem zu bearbeiten. Fächerübergreifende Bildungsprozesse zwischen religiöser und sozialwissenschaftlicher Bildung können dabei eine Wechselbewegung von Weltbeobachtung und den eigenen Verstehensweisen von Selbst und Welt anstoßen, um Retinität kategorial und problemorientiert zu operationalisieren.