bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’école à Saint-Domingue : entre catéchisme chrétien et catéchisme républicain (XVII e -XVIII e siècle)
Authors: Fritzner Étienne Jean
Published: November 2024

Sous l’Ancien Régime, les dogmes et principes de la religion catholique constituent le fondement de l’éducation à Saint-Domingue. Contrairement à l’enseignement destiné aux Blancs, celui des esclaves est essentiellement religieux ; il a pour but de les porter à accepter leur condition comme une fatalité découlant d’un décret divin. Les commissaires civils envoyés dans la colonie par la France révolutionnaire interdisent l’instruction religieuse et jettent les bases d’une école républicaine, fondée sur l’apprentissage des droits et des devoirs du citoyen. Toussaint Louverture prend ses distances avec cette vision révolutionnaire de l’école en restituant sa place à la religion chrétienne. Dans son idéologie politique, l’école joue un rôle d’auxiliaire à une légitimation religieuse du pouvoir. Le nouveau système qui est créé après l’indépendance s’inspire de celui de Toussaint Louverture. D’où, la place importante qu’occupe l’enseignement religieux dans les programmes scolaires haïtiens pendant toute la période contemporaine.
Cumulative entropy properties of consecutive systems
Authors: Alshehri Mashael A. , Kayid Mohamed
Published: November 2024

We investigated certain properties of cumulative entropy related to the lifetime of consecutive $ k $-out-of-$ n $:F systems. First, we presented a technique to compute the cumulative entropy of the lifetimes of these systems and studied their preservation properties using the established stochastic orders. Furthermore, we derived valuable bounds applicable in cases where the distribution function of component lifetimes is complex or when systems consist of numerous components. To facilitate practical applications, we introduced two nonparametric estimators for the cumulative entropy of these systems. The efficiency and reliability of these estimators were demonstrated using simulated analysis and subsequently validated using real data sets.
Implementation of the Junior Mobile Programmer Professional Competency Certification Assessment Model
Authors: Dony Novaliendry  , Ahyanuardi  , Irma Yulia Basri  , Marthen Dangu Elu Beily  , Fadhillah Majid Saragih  , Insan Matin Hanif
Published: November 2024

This study is based on the gap in human resources in the proportion of Indonesian workers lower compared to other ASEAN countries, including human resources in the IT sector. Another problem is that the assessment process and results in the junior mobile programmer scheme run by the Digital Technology Professional Certification Institute (LSP) have not been maximally tested; the assessment activities carried out have not fully implemented a technology- based system in a centralized and systematic manner, causing problems in the remote assessment process. Lack of involvement of professional associations, academics, and industry in designing tested and reliable assessment models. The specific aim of this study is to implement an effective junior mobile programmer professional competency certification assessment model. This study method is an experiment by implementing a professional competency certification assessment model for junior mobile programmers. The test subjects are participants in the results of the Ministry of Communication and Information’s Digital Talent Scholarship (DTS) Vocational School Graduate Academy (VSGA) training program, totaling 40 sessions, consisting of 20 sessions for the experimental class and 20 sessions for the control class. Data collection instruments include questionnaires, documentation, interview guides, observations, and competency tests. The study results prove that after being implemented, the professional competency certification assessment model for junior mobile programmers has proven to be effective.
Application of Mobile Technology-Based Learning Analytics in Educational Assessment
Authors: Huang Wei , Li Xiping , Sun Yijiao , Yang Hao
Published: November 2024

With the rapid development of mobile technology, its application in the educational sector, particularly in learning analytics, has garnered increasing attention. The widespread adoption of modern mobile devices has introduced new opportunities for educational assessment. However, challenges remain in effectively utilizing these technologies for educational assessment. Current research predominantly focuses on data collection and analysis, yet the methods employed are limited in scope and application. This study aims to address these gaps by exploring data collection methods and teaching assessment approaches based on mobile technology. The objective is to contribute new perspectives and methodologies that modernize educational assessment. Through an in-depth analysis of the application of mobile technology in educational assessment, this study seeks to provide educators with scientifically grounded assessment tools and strategies, enabling more precise teaching management and personalized education.
Conscience disciplinaire et didactique de la géographie : une approche par le sujet didactique
Authors: Glaudel Anne , Thémines Jean-François
Published: November 2024

L’article s’inscrit dans le dialogue ouvert par Yves Reuter en 2007 dans cette revue autour du concept de « conscience disciplinaire ». Depuis la didactique de la géographie, ce texte propose une contribution qui a une double visée : mobiliser ce concept pour réinterroger le rapport que les élèves établissent avec la géographie scolaire et poursuivre le dialogue entre didactiques sur la conscience disciplinaire en approchant les élèves en tant que sujets didactiques ayant une dimension spatiale. Des analyses qualitatives de paires de productions d’élèves mettent en évidence des formes de rapport à l’espace, tel qu’il se construit dans le système didactique et/ou hors du système didactique. Ces analyses préluderont à une discussion du concept de conscience disciplinaire à partir du sujet didactique, tel qu’on peut le construire en didactique de la géographie.
The Displaced Omphalos-(s)tone: Ergativity and the Contrapuntal Deixis of the Midlands in Roy Fisher’s Eccentric Topopoetics
Authors: Trainor Samuel
Published: November 2024

Birmingham occupies the pivot of a centripetal metaphor of cardinal points. Yet the historical marginalisation of the industrial Midlands has rendered its centrality almost inconceivable for its inhabitants. In postwar poetry, the most salient figure to speak from this inconceivable centre is Roy Fisher. A pioneer of neomodernist topopoetics in the British Poetry Revival, this self-effacing jazz pianist embodies the period’s fluctuating alignments of place and thought. He does so by de-centring the local poetic subject via two related processes: deictic counterpoint and shifts towards ergativity. The latter term names a syntactic structure, foreign to English, in which the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb are paired. This linguistic metaphor captures the displacements of transitivity and deixis that Fisher’s multifocal poetry effects on the thematic nexus of the Midlands and the poetic subject. This eccentricity is where Fisher is coming from.
El museo sin musas. Nuevas coordenadas para una museología posthumana en el siglo XXI
Authors: Corral Óscar Navajas
Published: November 2024

En el siglo III a. C. Alejandría puso nombre a la morada de las Musas: el Mouseion. Desde ese momento y hasta el día de hoy el Templo de las Musas ha sido un pilar esencial en nuestras sociedades. No por ello, hemos dejado de criticarlo, deconstruirlo y sacarlo de sus recios y sacrosantos muros para expandirlo al territorio y a toda la sociedad. Hemos modificado sus coordenadas constantemente, sobre todo en la revolución museológica que se produjo con la Nueva Museología en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. En el museo empezaba a primar lo social, se humanizaba. El objeto y el objetivo de la institución ahora eran las personas y sus necesidades y problemáticas sociales. En el primer cuarto del siglo XXI el museo sigue mutando sus coordenadas. Ahora, bajo el paraguas de la denominada Museología Social, se le pide que afronte nuevos retos: justicia social, subalternidad, descolonización, sostenibilidad, etc. En este artículo, desde una metodología historiográfica y de los postulados del posthumanismo, se pretende trazar esa evolución y apuntar cómo la visión social de la museología es capaz de potenciar un museo más humano, que consiga afrontar los retos de este milenio.
Insect Resources for Chitin Biomass
Authors: Zarzosa Guillermo Ignacio Guangorena , Kobayashi Takaomi
Published: November 2024

Among all chitin sources, insects have recently gained the attention of researchers and entrepreneurs. In addition to being supplied primarily from unutilized products of the marine food industry, chitin sources from insect sources are expected to increase in the future as the insect food industry grows. Insect sources of chitin, in particular, are currently the focus of much attention and research, as it is important to know the properties and uses of chitin and how it relates to marine food products. So, this chapter highlights current extraction methods and some characteristics of insect chitin. In addition, some information about insects will be provided to have a holistic view when thinking about insect industrialization and its impact on chitin.
From Play to Proficiency
Authors: Sağdıç Ali , Gözüm Ali İbrahim Can
Published: November 2024

As smartphone and tablet usage becomes more prevalent among young children, educational applications offer a wide range of learning opportunities. The benefits and capability of digital applications are well-suited to complement science education. This study investigates the role of educational digital applications available on the Android Play Store in enhancing science process skills in early childhood education. By addressing the potential of digital applications to foster science process skills, this study contributes to the understanding of digital applications' educational value in early childhood science education. The analysis revealed that digital applications contain elements that could aid in the improvement of science process skills. Moreover, observation emerges as the skill most prominently featured in digital applications. Based on the study findings, it can be inferred that digital applications have the potential to enhance children's scientific process skills.
‘Let the dead bury the dead’ (Mt 8:22): An African theological funeral thought
Authors: Hove Rabson , Baloyi Elijah M.
Published: November 2024

In Africa, life, death and burial are issues of survival. There is a perceived connection and dialogue between the living and the dead; hence, life continues after death. Although one seizes to live in this material world, life continues in the spirit world. Like any other rite of passage, funerals are key aspects of African life. The living has a responsibility of decently burying their dead or the living dead. Failure to respect the dead during and after burial is believed to be a curse that disrupts life for the future generations. This article seeks to articulate the understanding of Matthew 8:22, considering the African understanding of death and funeral rites among Africans. There is a need to interpret Jesus’ hyperbolic statement that emphasises the need for unwavering dedication to engage in the ministry of Christ in the context of caring for one’s parents and loved ones even when they die and need burial.Contribution: The study attempts to address the dilemma that some Christians are faced with, when being advised not to consider attending funerals as an important matter of building faith and relationships, with the use or misuse of biblical verses like Matthew 8:22. This study further seeks to demonstrate that community building via funerals is one of the African- rich practices.
Bilateral Endogenous Streptococcus mitis Endophthalmitis Following Dental Implant: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Alzuabi Asma , Alrashed Saleh , Aldahmash Saad
Published: November 2024

Endogenous endophthalmitis is an intraocular inflammation caused by the hematogenous spread of microorganisms from distant foci. Streptococcus mitis is a low-virulence organism that inhabits the oral cavity; however, it has rarely been reported to cause endogenous endophthalmitis. In this case report, we present a 63-year-old woman with bilateral asymmetrical endogenous endophthalmitis and a severely affected right eye, with light perception vision, hypotony, and severe anterior and posterior segment inflammation. The left eye exhibited intraretinal infectious infiltrates and minimal vitritis. However, the cause of the S. mitis bacteremia was unclear. Considering the patient’s recent dental implant procedure, we hypothesized that the bacteria may have entered the bloodstream through the oral cavity. The patient received intravitreal and systemic antibiotics and underwent pars plana vitrectomy for the right eye. In conclusion, we present a case of endogenous endophthalmitis, presumed following a dental implant procedure. S. mitis may invade the bloodstream following an uncomplicated dental procedure, leading to bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis. Early detection, prompt management with systemic and intravitreal antibiotics, and early vitrectomy may potentially preserve the patient’s globe and vision.
Determination of the Level of von Willebrand Factor, ADAMTS13, and Ratio of ADAMTS13:von Willebrand Factor in Sickle Cell Disease Patients
Authors: Onorhide Akaba Kingsley , Idongesit Akpan Samuel , Olanrewaju Osho Patrick
Published: November 2024

Background:

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a hypercoagulable state characterized by a significant alteration in hemostatic parameters which may predispose an increased risk of vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common genetic disorder in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria bears a high disease burden with an estimated prevalence of 1%–3% of its population being affected by the disease. The study seeks to determine the role of von Willebrand factor (VWF), ADAMTS13, and the ratio of ADAMTS13:VWF antigen in the pathogenesis of VOC.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of VWF, ADAMTS13, and their ratio in SCD subjects in Calabar and to determine their role in the pathogenesis of VOC.

Methodology:

This is a comparative study carried out at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Calabar. Sixty SCA patients were evaluated in VOC and steady states as well as five parented healthy controls. VWF: Ag and ADAMTS13:Ag were evaluated using Assaypro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits with Lot nos. 01751728 and 04222167R, respectively. Data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Chicago software version 21. The study was approved by the UCTH Institution Ethical Review Board.

Results:

The mean ages of the SCA subjects and controls were 23.5 ± 7.2 years and 26.5 ± 5.6 years, respectively (P = 0.706). There were 23 (38.3%) males in the SCA group and 21 (42.0%) females in the controls. There was no significant difference in their sex distribution (P = 0.063). The mean (standard deviation [SD]) of VWF in VOC, steady state, and controls were 2.52 ± 0.34, 1.34 ± 0.23, and 1.41 ± 0.23 IU/mL, respectively. The differences in mean were significantly higher in VOC state (P = 0.003). The mean ± SD of ADAMTS13 in VOC, steady state, and controls were 0.61 ± 0.10, 0.44 ± 0.06, and 0.62 ± 0.10 µg/L, respectively. ADAMTS13 levels did not differ significantly across the groups (P = 0.270). Similarly, there was no significant difference between ADAMTS13:VWF ratios across the groups (P = 0.318).

Conclusion:

VWF level is elevated in VOC state and thus may be implicated in the pathogenesis of VOC. ADAMTS13 and the ratio of ADAMTS13:VWF are not significantly affected in VOC.
Bone Status in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Taoubane Laila , Jennane Salim , El Hani Hajar , Majjad Abedarhim , Toufik Hamza , El Ouardi Najlae , Doghmi Kamal , Achemlal Lahsen , El Maghraoui Abdellah , Bezza Ahmed
Published: November 2024

Objective:

The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and to determine the associated factors.

Materials and Methods:

we conducted a case–control study, between January 2019 and April 2019, including patients with MGUS and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (one patient/three controls). For all participants, demographic and clinical data were collected as results of bone mineral density by two-photon X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine and femoral neck.

Results:

In our series, we included 120 participants: 30 patients with MGUS and 90 healthy controls. In the MGUS carrier group, the mean age was 66.26 ± 8.61 years. The mean monoclonal peak was 11.57 g/L. Densitometric osteoporosis was noted in 12 (40%) patients with MGUS versus 17 (18.9%) in the control group (P = 0.021). In addition, only one patient with MGUS had a vertebral fracture. On multivariate analysis, associated factors with osteoporosis in the MGUS group were age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; confidence interval [CI] [1.03–1.26]; P < 0.05) and previous fracture (OR = 3.03; CI [1.22–15.06]; P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Our study suggests an increased risk of osteoporosis in patients with MGUS.
Awareness of Peptic Ulcer Disease among the General Population in Al-Ahsa
Authors: Alali Mohammed Abdulhadi , Alessa Mohammed Yousef , Alhamad Fay Salah , Alaithan Zainab Naji , Alshaqaq Abdullmohssen Hussain , Albawardi Sara Khalid , Alnajjad Ahmed Ibrahim , Al Mousa Ali Mousa
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a condition characterized by discontinuity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract’s inner lining, often caused by factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection and NSAID consumption. PUD can lead to various symptoms, but up to 70% of patients may not experience any symptoms. Diagnosing PUD can be challenging due to the unreliability of individual symptoms and signs. PUD can have serious complications if left untreated. Despite its significance, there is a lack of studies measuring the awareness of PUD among the population in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of awareness of PUD among the general population in Al-Ahsa.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, from September to December 2023. The study included 399 adult residents of Saudi Arabia who agreed to participate. A convenient nonprobability sampling technique was used to collect data. An online self-administered questionnaire, distributed through social media platforms, was used to gather information on participants’ awareness of PUD. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics and questions related to PUD awareness. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative data were presented as numbers and percentages. The Chi-square test was used to examine qualitative data between the two groups.

Results:

Of the 399 participants, 71.4% demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding PUD, whereas 28.6% had a low level of knowledge. The sample consisted of nearly equal numbers of males and females, with participants aged 18–55+ years. The majority of participants had attained a bachelor’s degree and were employed. The findings suggest a relatively high level of education among the study population.

Conclusion:

The study highlights the need for increased public awareness of PUD in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. While some participants showed good knowledge of PUD, a significant number had low awareness. Educational initiatives are essential to improve understanding and knowledge of PUD among the community. By enhancing awareness, early detection and appropriate management of PUD can be promoted, resulting in improved health outcomes for individuals in Al-Ahsa.
Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulfate as Adjuvants to 0.5% of Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Patient Undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy by Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized, Double-blind Study
Authors: Ray Preeti , Suwalka Usha , Kumar Mukesh , Kumar Sourabh , Oraon Priyanka , Kumari Reena , Bharati
Published: November 2024

Objective:

Abdominal hysterectomy is a common gynecological procedure. While spinal anesthesia offers pain relief, its short analgesic effect is limiting. In this context, there are not many research that examined magnesium sulfate, dexmedetomidine, and 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Our research addresses this gap as “Comparing Dexmedetomidine and Magnesium Sulfate as Adjuvants to Hyperbaric Bupivacaine for Abdominal Hysterectomy”.

Methods:

Ninety patients with the American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification I and II, aged 30–60, planned for abdominal hysterectomy were randomized to either dexmedetomidine or magnesium sulfate or control group as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine. The primary objective was to find the effectiveness of the anesthesia in terms of both sensory and motor blocks (onset, duration, and severity), with the secondary objective was to find out any other associated complications.

Results:

In comparison to the magnesium sulfate group, the dexmedetomidine group’s anesthetic effect began significantly more immediately and persisted much longer (P < 0.001). The groups did not vary statistically significant in terms of side effects or hemodynamic instability.

Conclusion:

Adjuvants such as dexmedetomidine or magnesium sulfate along with hyperbaric bupivacaine, for abdominal hysterectomy under spinal anesthesia, provide effective anesthesia. Dexmedetomidine (10 µg) and magnesium sulfate (100 mg) both showed safe intrathecal adjuvant usage. Remarkably, dexmedetomidine surpasses magnesium sulfate by swiftly inducing sensory and motor blocks, extending their duration, and enhancing analgesia. Notably, both adjuncts yield no adverse effects. Overall, these findings underscore the potential of dexmedetomidine as a more effective adjuvant in spinal anesthesia protocols for abdominal hysterectomy procedures.
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Mass as the Initial Presentation of Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Baburaj Karthik , Bhasi Remesh , Kurien Sudeep Koshy
Published: November 2024

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies and clinical manifestations, including thrombosis and pregnancy-related complications. While cardiac manifestations such as intracardiac thrombi, valvular disease, and intracardiac masses have been reported, the presentation of an intracardiac mass as the initial manifestation of primary APS (PAPS) is relatively uncommon. This case report describes a 40-year-old female patient who presented with an echogenic mass in the right ventricular outflow tract, subsequently diagnosed as a calcified amorphous tumor. Further investigation revealed elevated levels of anticardiolipin antibodies and beta-2 glycoprotein leading to the diagnosis of PAPS. The patient later developed digital ischemia, strengthening the suspicion of PAPS. This case highlights the importance of considering APS as a potential underlying cause for intracardiac masses, even in the absence of other typical manifestations. Early recognition and appropriate management, including anticoagulation and immunosuppressive therapy, are crucial to prevent further thrombotic complications and improve patient outcomes.
Diagnostic Dilemma: Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy Concurrent with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Nandi Sudipta , Aggarwal Sunita , Singh Ranvijay , Kumar Pradeep , Tomar Anshul , Batra Vineeta V.
Published: November 2024

Renal involvement is a common feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but cases of non-lupus nephritis occurring simultaneously with SLE are rare. IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) and SLE can present diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms and laboratory findings. This abstract explores the complexities of diagnosing IgA Nephropathy in patients with concurrent SLE. While IgAN and lupus nephritis share some pathological traits, their laboratory and histopathological profiles, as well as extra-renal manifestations, differ significantly, indicating distinct pathogenesis. It highlights the importance of renal biopsy in distinguishing between these conditions to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective management.
Our Experiences and Learnings in Diagnosing MODY from Non-Institutional-Based Diabetes Care Clinics
Authors: Pande Arunkumar R. , Chaubey Santosh , Kumar Dinesh , Chandra Kumar P. , Geetha Thenral , Sharma Akshita
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare group of disorders characterised by impaired functions or development of pancreatic islets and monogenic diabetes at a young age. Diagnosing MODY can be rewarding for both clinicians and patients as it can change the management from generic to targeted therapy.

Methods:

This study reports the retrospective analysis of data collected from four clinics between March 2016 and February 2023 from Lucknow, a city in northern India. Fifty-three individuals are suspected to be affected by MODY based on ISPAD guidelines. Following a detailed clinical evaluation, they were referred for genetic diagnostic testing.

Results:

The cohort consists of 19 females and 34 males with a mean age of diagnosis of 25.3 years and a body mass index of 22.3 Kg/m2. Genetic testing detected variants in 13/53 (~24.5%) individuals. Five cases had significant pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants, HNF1A gene in two [(p.Phe268LeufsTer74) (p.Arg200Gln)], one each in HNF4A (Arg311His), PDX1(p.Ala228GlyfsTer33), and a case with suggestive digenic variants in HNF1A gene (p.Arg200Gln) and HNF1B [(p.Leu13Met)]. Variants of uncertain significance (VUSs) with inconclusive evidence of pathogenicity were reported in eight patients, and five were considered to be clinically significant as they are lean young onset, sulfonylurea-responsive, and presented with diabetes without acanthosis nigricans and with high pretest probability. These individuals harboured variants in HNF1A (p.Thr425_Thr429delinsPro), HNF1B (p.Ser19Phe), CEL (p.Val681ArgfsTer6), ABCC8 (p.Ile872Met), and KCNJ11 (p.Arg221Cys) genes.

Conclusion:

We found a diagnostic yield of around 10% of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in individuals who were suspected to have MODY. As it is a field that is still evolving, we might consider starting with oral agents under close supervision in those individuals who have VUS; there are some proportions of individuals who might not have classical sulfonylurea-responsive genetic variants, but they might respond to it.
Evaluation of the efficacy of NB-UVB phototherapy and topical decapeptide versus NB-UVB phototherapy, topical decapeptide, and carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of stable vitiligo
Authors: Kaur Jasleen , Sharma Saurabh , Kaur Navleen
Published: November 2024

Background: Vitiligo is an acquired disorder of autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. The management challenges include stabilizing the disease and devising methods for inducing repigmentation. Phototherapy and laser therapy offer promising results, along with topical treatments such as Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF)-related topical decapeptide. Aims: This prospective interventional study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of a triple combination therapy of fractional CO2 laser, Narrow Band-Ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy, and topical decapeptide with dual combination of NB-UVB phototherapy and topical decapeptide in the treatment of stable vitiligo. Methods: Patients with stable vitiligo were enrolled for 15 months and divided into two groups: one receiving dual combination therapy and the other the triple combination therapy. Lesions were evaluated using a quartile-grading scale at regular intervals over 16 weeks. Vitiligo noticeability scale (VNS) was used by an independent observer (who was not a part of the study) and by the patient/attendant to eliminate any observation bias. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson chi-square test. Results: Of the 32 enrolled patients, the triple combination therapy demonstrated superior repigmentation outcomes compared to dual therapy, with statistically significant differences observed at all assessment intervals. Side effects were mild and transient. Conclusion: The study highlights the efficacy of triple combination therapy in treating stable vitiligo, particularly for patients with refractory vitiligo. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is warranted to validate these findings and optimize treatment protocols.
Local complete intersections and Weierstrass points
Authors: Contiero André , Mazzini Sarah
Published: November 2024

This work presents a simple proof that the moduli space of complete integral Gorenstein curves with a prescribed symmetric Weierstrass semigroup becomes a weighted projective space, even for fields of positive characteristic, when the associated monomial curve is a local complete intersection.
Finite polynomial cohomology with coefficients
Authors: Huang Ting-Han , Wu Ju-Feng
Published: November 2024

We introduce a theory of finite polynomial cohomology with coefficients in this paper. We prove several basic properties and introduce an Abel–Jacobi map with coefficients. As applications, we use this cohomology theory to study the arithmetic of compact Shimura curves over

\mathbb{Q}

and to simplify the proofs of the works of Darmon–Rotger and Bertolini–Darmon–Prasanna.
Is nutritional status a new indicator to use in clinical practice for colorectal cancer patients?
Authors: Berardi Rossana , Chiariotti Rebecca , Mentrasti Giulia
Published: November 2024

In this editorial we comment on the interesting article by Liu et al . The topic of discussion is the need for a cost-effective and easy-to-use scoring system for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. In this context, nutritional assessment plays a crucial role in the multimodal evaluation of patients. In particular, the controlling nutritional status score was found to be an effective tool in the clinical decision-making process, in order to customize treatment strategies and to improve patient outcomes.
Gene targets with therapeutic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shodry Syifaus , Hasan Yuliono Trika Nur , Ahdi Iwal Reza , Ulhaq Zulvikar Syambani
Published: November 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Major treatments include liver transplantation, resection, and chemotherapy, but the 5-year recurrence rate remains high. Late diagnosis often prevents surgical intervention, contributing to poor patient survival rates. Carcinogenesis in HCC involves genetic alterations that drive the transformation of normal cells into malignant ones. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a key regulator of cell cycle progression, is frequently upregulated in HCC and is associated with advanced stages and poor prognosis, making it a potential biomarker. Additionally, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, which binds to EZH2, affects disease staging and outcomes. Targeting EZH2 presents a promising therapeutic strategy. On the other hand, abnormal lipid metabolism is a hallmark of HCC and impacts prognosis. Fatty acid binding protein 5 is highly expressed in HCC tissues and correlates with key oncogenes, suggesting its potential as a biomarker. Other genes such as guanine monophosphate synthase, cell division cycle associated 5, and epidermal growth factor receptor provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of HCC, offering potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Exploring Xiaojianzhong decoction's potential in gastric cancer treatment: Integrative insights and experimental validation
Authors: Cheng Chun-Han , Hao Wen-Rui , Cheng Tzu-Hurng
Published: November 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) remains a formidable global health concern with significant morbidity and mortality rates, despite the fact that numerous advances have been made to improve conventional therapies. Xiaojianzhong decoction (XJZ), a traditional Chinese medicine, has garnered academic attention as a multicomponent, multitarget approach to managing GC. The present editorial explores the potential of XJZ in the treatment of GC through a comprehensive analysis of network pharmacology and experimental validation. Network pharmacology was used to identify key molecular targets of XJZ, including interleukin 6, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, and matrix metalloproteinase 9, and in vitro experiments were used to confirm the efficacy of XJZ in inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and modulating gene expression associated with GC progression. This editorial highlights XJZ as a promising therapeutic strategy for GC and indicates a need for further clinical exploration and validation of its efficacy.
Prognosis of radiotherapy for esophageal cancer in elderly patients exceeding seventy-five years old
Authors: Hu Li-Li , Rong Feng , Liu Lei , Zhang Ling , Zhang Lei-Lei , Yang Qun , Xia Zhao-Long , Wang Hui
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Esophageal cancer (EC) often occurs in the elderly, with approximately 33% of patients aged ≥ 75 years at the time of diagnosis.

AIM

To evaluate the prognostic factors for radiotherapy (RT) in elderly patients with unresectable EC.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, toxic reactions, and survival information of EC patients aged ≥ 75 years who underwent intensity-modulated RT at Lu’an Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2016 and September 2023. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to draw the overall survival (OS) curves, and Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the influence of various clinical factors on the prognosis.

RESULTS

A total of 139 patients were enrolled. The median follow-up time was 52.0 months. The median OS was 20.0 months. The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS rates were 69.8%, 38.7%, 28.2%, and 17.5%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that age, radiation dose, and chemotherapy had no significant impact on prognosis. Multivariate analysis indicated that clinical stage [III-IVa vs I-II, hazard ratio (HR) = 2.421, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.242-4.718, P = 0.009; IVb vs I-II, HR = 4.222, 95%CI: 1.888-9.438, P < 0.001), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) (0 vs ≥ 1, HR = 1.539, 95%CI: 1.015-2.332, P = 0.042), and nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS2002) (< 3 vs ≥ 3, HR = 2.491, 95%CI: 1.601-3.875, P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for OS.

CONCLUSION

Our results suggest that CCI and NRS2002 were independent prognostic factors of OS for unresectable elderly EC patients undergoing RT. For elderly patients with EC, full attention should be given to biological age-related indicators, such as comorbidities and nutrition, when formulating treatment protocols. These factors should be considered in future clinical practice.
Deep learning model combined with computed tomography features to preoperatively predicting the risk stratification of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Li Yi , Liu Yan-Bei , Li Xu-Bin , Cui Xiao-Nan , Meng Dong-Hua , Yuan Cong-Cong , Ye Zhao-Xiang
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are prevalent neoplasm originating from the gastrointestinal mesenchyme. Approximately 50% of GIST patients experience tumor recurrence within 5 years. Thus, there is a pressing need to accurately evaluate risk stratification preoperatively.

AIM

To assess the application of a deep learning model (DLM) combined with computed tomography features for predicting risk stratification of GISTs.

METHODS

Preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images of 551 GIST patients were retrospectively analyzed. All image features were independently analyzed by two radiologists. Quantitative parameters were statistically analyzed to identify significant predictors of high-risk malignancy. Patients were randomly assigned to the training (n = 386) and validation cohorts (n = 165). A DLM and a combined DLM were established for predicting the GIST risk stratification using convolutional neural network and subsequently evaluated in the validation cohort.

RESULTS

Among the analyzed CECT image features, tumor size, ulceration, and enlarged feeding vessels were identified as significant risk predictors (P < 0.05). In DLM, the overall area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.88, with the accuracy (ACC) and AUROCs for each stratification being 87% and 0.96 for low-risk, 79% and 0.74 for intermediate-risk, and 84% and 0.90 for high-risk, respectively. The overall ACC and AUROC were 84% and 0.94 in the combined model. The ACC and AUROCs for each risk stratification were 92% and 0.97 for low-risk, 87% and 0.83 for intermediate-risk, and 90% and 0.96 for high-risk, respectively. Differences in AUROCs for each risk stratification between the two models were significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

A combined DLM with satisfactory performance for preoperatively predicting GIST stratifications was developed using routine computed tomography data, demonstrating superiority compared to DLM.
Mixed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor: A case report
Authors: Zhao Xiaofeng , Bocker Edmonston Tina , Miick Ronald , Joneja Upasana
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are rare malignancies affecting the pancreas. The World Health Organization defines MiNENs as neoplasms composed of morphologically recognizable neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine components, each constituting 30% or more of the tumor volume. Adenocarcinoma-neuroendocrine carcinoma is the most frequent MiNEN combination. A well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET) component is rarely reported in MiNENs.

CASE SUMMARY

Here we report a rare case with intermingled components of ductal adenocarcinoma and grade 1 well-differentiated NET in the pancreas. The two tumors show distinct histology and significant differentiation discrepancy (poorly differentiated high grade adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated low grade NET), and also present as metastases in separate lymph nodes. Next generation sequencing of the two components demonstrates KRAS and TP53 mutations in the ductal adenocarcinoma, but no genetic alterations in the NET, suggesting divergent origins for these two components. Although tumors like this meet the diagnostic criteria for MiNEN, clinicians often find the diagnosis and staging confusing and impractical for clinical management.

CONCLUSION

Mixed NET/non-NET tumors with distinct histology and molecular profiles might be better classified as collision tumors rather than MiNENs.
Physical Modeling Techniques for Jet Engine Test Cell Aerodynamics
Authors:   EG-1E Gas Turbine Test Facilities and Equipment
Published: November 2024

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been written for individuals associated with ground level testing of turbofan and turbojet engines and particularly for those who might be interested in investigating the performance characteristics of a new test cell design or of proposed modifications to an existing test cell by means of a scale model test.
Aluminum Alloy Forgings 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr (7075-T7352) Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Compression, and Overaged
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: November 2024

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of die forgings up to 4 inches (102 mm), inclusive, in thickness and hand forgings up to 6 inches (152 mm), inclusive, in thickness (see 8.6).
Optoelectronic tuning of Barium titanate doped with Pt: A systematic first-principles study
Authors: Mariam Q. Saadon  , Miran Hussein A.
Published: November 2024

In this study, the structural, electronic and optical characteristics of Platinum (Pt)-doped cubic BaTiO 3 perovskite were inspected via density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and Pedraw–Wang 91 (PW91) functional, as applied in CASTEP code, provide an atomic level understanding of the influence of substituting 0.125 Pt dopant at Ba and Ti positions. Results indicate that the optimized lattice parameters and band gap are in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical data. Furthermore, the total and projected density of states (TPDOSs) analysis demonstrates that Pt–dopant integration has an impact on diminishing the band gap and shifting the absorption spectra towards the visible light region. Thus, it is suggested that substituting Ti and Ba atoms with Pt would enhance the optoelectronic characteristics of the host system, due to existing Pt–5d electronic states. Moreover, the negative formation energy values indicate the thermodynamic stability of the modeled configurations. These detailed results provide valuable insights into the physical properties of Pt–BaTiO 3 and its behavior across a range of photon wavelengths. To our knowledge, this contribution evaluates for the first time the influence of introducing platinum (Pt) into a BaTiO 3 perovskite system. The overall findings demonstrate a valuable appraisal of support for experimental synthesis of Pt–BaTiO 3 to serve in various optoelectronic devices.
Comparing soil colour using colour chart and colour app: A semi-quantitative approach with data transformation Using pedometric methods
Authors: Shobayo A.B. , Alhassan Z.N. , Hussaini G.M.
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to explore an affordable and easily accessible alternative to the Munsell colour system, while also assessing the reliability of data output from the Munsell colour chart when used by two different  individuals. The research involved the reevaluation of 28 stored soil samples using both the Munsell colour system and a soil colour app installed on an android phone. The resulting data was then analyzed and compared with the existing soil colour data. Three models emerged from this study: the existing soil colour data generated using the Munsell colour system (referred to as MCS1), the data produced by this study using the Munsell colour system (referred to as MCS2), and the data generated using the soil colour capture (referred to as SCC) app. All three sets of data were transformed from qualitative to semiquantitative and ultimately to quantitative data using pedometric techniques. These transformed data sets were subjected to both semiquantitative and statistical analyses. Comparison between MCS1 and MCS2 revealed that 46.43% of samples shared the same colour family, 25% had a similar colour family, and 28.57% displayed dissimilar colours. Similarly, when comparing MCS1 and SCC, 21.43% shared the same colour family, 42.86% had a similar colour family, and 35.71% exhibited dissimilar colours. Comparing MCS2 and SCC, 35.71% shared the same colour family, 39.29% had a similar colour family, and 25% showed dissimilar colours. Further analysis indicated a significant non-linear association between MCS1 and MCS2, suggesting that their mean values were not directly comparable. Similarly, MCS1 exhibited a significant negative correlation with SCC. The calculated p-values for these relationships were below 0.5, specifically 0.2908, 0.3848 and 0.4843 for MCS1, MCS2 and SCC, respectively. Therefore, the null hypotheses were rejected. With a significance level (p-value) greater than 0.05, the study concluded that the mean values derived from MCS1 versus MCS2, MCS1 versus SCC, and MCS2 versus SCC were not identic .
Perceived effects of covid-19 lockdown on take-off of farming activities in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Amaechina E.C. , Onyenekwe C.S. , Chukwuone N.A.
Published: November 2024

The outbreak of COVID-19 and the government policy measures like travel restrictions, lockdowns, and bans on economic and social activities, designed to stop the spread of coronavirus affected the take-off of farming activities in Nigeria. However, few studies have examined the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on local agricultural production, with a focus on agricultural households. Using cross-sectional data collected from 74 farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria, the study examined the perceived effects of COVID-19 on the take-off of farming activities. Specifically, the paper elicits farmers’ perceptions and level of awareness of COVID-19, described the effects of COVID-19 on farming activities and the usage of labour and other inputs, identified interventions and support received by the farmers during the lockdown period. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results show that many of the farmers perceived cough as a symptom of COVID-19 and that they could contact it while carrying out their farm work. The level of awareness of COVID-19 was high (96%) and a majority (77%) got information on COVID-19 from radio only. About 51% perceived that COVID-19 affected their farming activities through post-harvest loss. The farmers rarely (8.11%) received any intervention or support from the government during the COVID-19 period. It can be concluded that COVID 19 pandemic had significant effects on the take-off of farming activities by farmers and little was done by government to support the farmers. The study recommends that during any lockdown, government and other development partners like non-governmental organisations (NGOs) should provide input support and short-term credit to farmer to enable them carry out their farming activities.
Influence of topography on pedologic forms of iron in basement complex soils of Giwa Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Awwal Y.A.
Published: November 2024

A toposequence formed on Basement Complex rocks in Giwa Local Government Area of Kaduna State was studied with the aim of investigating the influence of topography on the distribution of pedologic forms of iron in the area. The area, which spanned 15.55 ha was delineated into upper slope (US), middle slope (MS) and lower slope (LS) positions. Two profile pits were sunk in each slope position and described following standard procedures. Soil samples were also collected for determination of selected physical and chemical soil parameters in the laboratory. The results showed that topography had significant influence on sand, silt and organic carbon (OC) contents across various slope positions. Sand content was highest on US (711.87 g kg-1) and lowest on LS (671.20 g kg-1).Conversely, silt, clay and OC contents were higher on LS than on MS and US. This was attributed to translocation of finer particle sized and organic materials down the slope as preconditioned by topography. Si/C ratio was higher on LS, indicating advancement in soil development, compared to MS and US. Oxalate extractable iron (Feox) was highest in LS (0.26%), followed by MS (0.23%) and US (0.22%). Dithionite extractable iron (Fed) was highest in the US (0.85%), followed by LS (0.66%) and MS (0.65%). The Feox/Fed ratio varied thus MS (0.43), > LS (0.43) >e US (0.27). The higher ratio of Feox/Fed on LS and MS indicated long-term weathering and soil maturation, in comparison with US. Fed/Clay ratio indicated higher affinity of Fed to clay minerals on MS (33.66), compared to LS (25.27) and US (19.06). Suggestion for further studies include exploring clay mineralogy, organic matter decomposition and redox processes, as these factors may also affect iron dynamics in soils.