bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Misogyny, Racism, and Islamophobia: Street Harassment at the Intersections
Authors: Mason-Bish Hannah , Zempi Irene
Published: May 2018

Veiled Muslim women are at an increased risk of street harassment in the current political and economic climate. Their visibility, combined with their popular portrayal as culturally dangerous or threatening means that they are vulnerable to receiving verbal and physical threats, which can be misogynistic and Islamophobic in nature. Drawing on 60 individual and 20 focus group interviews with Muslim women in the United Kingdom who wear the niqab (face veil) and had experienced harassment in public, this qualitative study details their lived experiences. It argues that an intersectional analysis is crucial to understanding the nuances of their lived experiences and the impact street harassment has on their lives. The findings demonstrate that street harassment can produce a hostile environment for veiled Muslim women, which can have a terrorizing effect, limiting their full participation in the public sphere.
Research on output performance of pneumatic turbine based on variable geometry technology
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong , Wu Qian , Yang Tao , Zhang Yi
Published: May 2018

In order to solve these problems, such as excessive fluid velocity, large differences in output for all turbine level and disorder of flow field, variable geometric method was put forward as an improved method for turbine blade. The output performance of last blade and last three blades is studied by changing the stagger angle of blade for 10-stage turbine. The results show that the aerodynamic efficiency was increased by 3.72% for the variable geometry technology used in the last-stage blade. The variable geometry technology was used in last three stages blades of a 10-stage turbine, the aerodynamic efficiency increased by 4.88%, the output performance is more average than before, the fluid velocity in the flow field is reduced, and the phenomenon of dewatering is controlled.
Noise characteristics of the planar switched reluctance motor
Authors: Cao Guang-Zhong , Guo Jin-Chang , Huang Su-Dan , Jing Gang , Liu Yan
Published: May 2018

This article presents the analysis of the noise characteristics for the planar switched reluctance motor to enrich performance evaluation of the planar switched reluctance motor. The mechanical structure, electromagnetic force, and control scheme are first presented. An analytical mathematical model of sound intensity is then proposed to characterize the relationship between the mechanical structure and the noise. An improved mechanical structure is further designed and analyzed to decrease the deformation by using ANSYS Workbench. Furthermore, an experimental setup of noise measurement is built based on the developed planar switched reluctance motor. In addition, the noise is measured experimentally under the open-loop and closed-loop motions after performing the experimental measurement of ambient noise. The experimental results demonstrate that the planar switched reluctance motor is capable of achieving low-noise motion.
Genetic variants in macrophage colony-stimulating factor are associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma in a Chinese population
Authors: Li Xiao , Qin Zhiqiang , Xue Jianxin , Zhang Jianzhong , Zheng Yuxiao , Xu Weizhang , Xu Ting , Zou Qing
Published: May 2018

Objective:

This study was performed to investigate whether CSF-1 polymorphisms influenced the risk of renal cell carcinoma in a Chinese population.

Methods:

The potentially functional polymorphisms in CSF-1 (rs333951 and rs2050462) were genotyped in this hospital-based case-control study, comprising 1512 renal cell carcinoma patients and 1691 controls in a Chinese population using the TaqMan assay. Furthermore, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate such an association. The logistic regression was used to assess the association between these genetic polymorphisms and the risk of renal cell carcinoma.

Results:

We found the genotype and allele frequency distribution of rs2050462 were significantly associated with the increasing risk of renal cell carcinoma ( P = 0.007). However, no statistical significance was found in the association between CSF-1 rs333951 polymorphism and the susceptibility of renal cell carcinoma ( P = 0.589). The analysis of combined risk alleles revealed that patients with two to four risk alleles showed no elevated risk of renal cell carcinoma compared to those with zero to one risk alleles (adjusted OR 1.09; 95% CI 0.95, 1.26; P = 0.226). Furthermore, compared with the genotypes containing A allele (AC and AA), the patients carrying the CC genotype in rs2050462 had a significantly greater prevalence of clinical stage II and IV (adjusted OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.47, 0.94; P = 0.021; adjusted OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.29, 0.88; P = 0.015, respectively).

Conclusions:

The functional rs2050462 in CSF-1 might have a substantial influence on the renal cell carcinoma susceptibility and evolution in the Chinese population.
Discordant prostate specific antigen test results despite WHO assay standardization
Authors: Boegemann Martin , Arsov Christian , Hadaschik Boris , Herkommer Kathleen , Imkamp Florian , Nofer Jerzy-Roch , Gerß Joachim , Albers Peter , Semjonow Axel
Published: May 2018

Introduction:

Total PSA (tPSA) and free PSA (fPSA) are the most commonly used biomarkers for early detection of prostate cancer. Despite standardization efforts, many available PSA assays may still produce discordant results. In the present study, we compared four PSA assays calibrated to the WHO standards 96/670 and 96/668 for tPSA and fPSA, respectively.

Methods:

Within the scope of the Prostate Cancer Early Detection Study Based on a ‘‘Baseline’’ PSA Value in Young Men (PROBASE), we tested tPSA and fPSA in serum samples from 50 patients in the four different PROBASE sites using four WHO-calibrated assays from Roche (Elecsys, Cobas), Beckman-Coulter (Access-II) and Siemens (ADVIA Centaur). The comparison was performed using the Passing–Bablok regression method.

Results:

Compared to Access, the median tPSA levels for Centaur, Elecsys, and Cobas were +3%, +11%–20%, and +17%–23%, respectively, while for median fPSA levels the differences for Centaur, Elecsys, and Cobas were +49%, +29%–31%, and +22%, respectively.

Discussion:

Despite all investigated assays being WHO-calibrated, the Elecsys and Cobas tPSA assays produced considerably higher results than the Access and Centaur assays. Differences in fPSA-recovery between all investigated assays were even more pronounced. When applying the tPSA cutoff of 3.1 μg/L recommended for WHO-calibrated assays, the use of higher calibrated assays may lead to unnecessary prostate biopsies. Conversely, if the historical threshold of 4 μg/L is applied when using WHO-calibrated assays, it could lead to falsely omitted prostate biopsies.
Growing our own theatre staff: Practice development and education
Authors: Cresswell Becky , Davies Corrina , Langlois Sue , Richter Dan
Published: May 2018

Royal Bournemouth & Christchurch Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust engaged in a quality improvement project aimed at improving quality and safety in theatres. The improvements delivered were recruitment to full staffing template, reduction in agency staffing to zero, and creating a theatre coordinator role to ensure safe staffing. The Practice Education Team was increased fivefold with no extra investment as a result of these improvements. Student satisfaction results amongst ODPs and nurses have increased alongside staff morale and productivity.
Does promethazine shorten the length of stay in the post anesthesia care unit?
Authors: Eskander Jonathan P. , Rapoport Yury , Cornett Elyse , Gennuso Sonja , Franklin Michael , Kaye Alan D. , Fox Charles J.
Published: May 2018

The combination of promethazine and opioids is known to have an opioid-sparing effect, thereby facilitating a reduction in total patient opioid consumption. In recent years, this practice has fallen out of favor in many healthcare facilities, except primarily in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU). The goal of this study was to highlight the potential of promethazine as a direct or indirect adjuvant medication in acute pain management. The present investigation was undertaken with a case series of adult female patients who underwent open total abdominal hysterectomies. Data from the PACU was reviewed with patients being separated into two groups. Group 1 received only intravenous opioids for acute pain management. Group 2 received a combination of intravenous opioids for acute pain management and intravenous promethazine for nausea and/or vomiting. Patients were discharged from the PACU with a modified Aldrete score of 9 or 10. The study showed that patients who received promethazine in addition to opioids were discharged from the PACU an average of 19.2 minutes earlier than those patients who received only opioids (p=0.003). The time to achieve modified Aldrete score of 9 or higher was more quickly achieved when open abdominal hysterectomy patients received promethazine in addition to opioids in the PACU. The study concluded that promethazine, in combination with opioids, could potentially decrease PACU stay postoperatively. Based on the present investigation, the prospect of using promethazine in other facets of pain management are intriguing and warrant future studies. Specifically, it may be worth investigating whether promethazine is truly an adjunct in combination with opioids and to determine if there are any other antihistamines or neuroleptics which may have similar clinical effects to promethazine.
Post anaesthetic care of emergency laparotomy patient for the optimization of surgical outcome
Authors: Obi Claire-Collins
Published: May 2018

This is a case study of a 45 year old male patient who underwent an emergency laparotomy procedure. Perioperative risks and associated postoperative outcomes could occur from the complex interaction between the patient’s physical health status, the actual surgery performed, anaesthetic procedure and intra/postoperative events. The patient experienced renal compromise and physiological impairment during surgery. This article discusses his assessment and management as well as the various factors which have an impact upon his physiology.
Exploring disempowerment in women’s accounts of endometriosis experiences
Authors: Bullo Stella
Published: May 2018

This work explores disempowerment caused by discourses surrounding the life-altering gynaecological disease of endometriosis. Despite affecting one in 10 women, the worldwide average diagnosis time is 7.5 years, and it is mainly diagnosed when exploring infertility rather than complaints about incapacitating pain and other associated manifestations. The aim of this article is to identify dis/empowerment caused by discourses in the healthcare and social environment of women as manifested in their accounts of endometriosis experiences. Having been informed and shaped by a corpus analysis of online forum data, this work explores accounts collected through interviews with women who have endometriosis using discourse analytical tools. Through an examination of the dialectics between micro-level language choices inscribing agency, or lack of, and macro-level discourses in the contexts in which women interact, the findings indicate that disempowerment is mostly a consequence of the perceived lack of agency over achieving diagnosis and knowledge of the condition in order to understand and learn coping strategies. The article concludes with implications for endometriosis communication practices and suggestions for broader enquiries in the field.
Does Colour Filling-In Account for Colour Perception in Natural Images?
Authors: Tyler Christopher W. , Solomon Joshua A.
Published: May 2018

It is popular to attribute the appearance of extended colour fields to a process of filling-in from the differential colour signals at colour edges, where one colour transitions to another. We ask whether such a process can account for the appearance of extended colour fields in natural images. Some form of colour filling-in must underlie the equiluminant colour Craik–O’Brien–Cornsweet effect and the Watercolour Effect, but these effects are too weak to account for the appearance of extended colour fields in natural images. Moreover, the graded colour disappearance effect reported as evidence for colour filling-in does not work under natural viewing conditions. We demonstrate that natural images do not look very colourful when their colour is restricted to edge transitions. Moreover, purely chromatic images with maximally graded (edgeless) transitions look fully colourful. Consequently, we conclude that colour filling-in makes no more than a minor contribution to the appearance of extended colour regions in natural images.
Conflict Tasks of Different Types Divergently Affect the Attentional Processing of Gaze and Arrow
Authors: Fan Lingxia , Yu Huan , Zhang Xuemin , Feng Qing , Sun Mengdan , Xu Mengsi
Published: May 2018

The present study explored the attentional processing mechanisms of gaze and arrow cues in two different types of conflict tasks. In Experiment 1, participants performed a flanker task in which gaze and arrow cues were presented as central targets or bilateral distractors. The congruency between the direction of the target and the distractors was manipulated. Results showed that arrow distractors greatly interfered with the attentional processing of gaze, while the processing of arrow direction was immune to conflict from gaze distractors. Using a spatial compatibility task, Experiment 2 explored the conflict effects exerted on gaze and arrow processing by their relative spatial locations. When the direction of the arrow was in conflict with its spatial layout on screen, response times were slowed; however, the encoding of gaze was unaffected by spatial location. In general, processing to an arrow cue is less influenced by bilateral gaze cues but is affected by irrelevant spatial information, while processing to a gaze cue is greatly disturbed by bilateral arrows but is unaffected by irrelevant spatial information. Different effects on gaze and arrow cues by different types of conflicts may reflect two relatively distinct specific modes of the attentional process.
What does the research say about androgen use and cerebrovascular events?
Authors: Sadaie M. Reza , Farhoudi Mehdi , Zamanlu Masumeh , Aghamohammadzadeh Nasser , Amouzegar Atieh , Rosenbaum Robert E. , Thomas Gary A.
Published: May 2018

Many studies have investigated the benefits of androgen therapy and neurosteroids in aging men, while concerns remain about the potential associations of exogenous steroids and incidents of cerebrovascular events and ischemic stroke (IS). Testosterone is neuroprotective, neurotrophic and a potent stimulator of neuroplasticity. These benefits are mediated primarily through conversion of a small amount of testosterone to estradiol by the catalytic activity of estrogen synthetase (aromatase cytochrome P450 enzyme). New studies suggest that abnormal serum levels of the nonaromatized potent metabolite of testosterone, either high or low dihydrotestosterone (DHT), is a risk factor for stroke. Associations between pharmacologic androgen use and the incidence of IS are questionable, because a significant portion of testosterone is converted to DHT. There is also insufficient evidence to reject a causal relationship between the pro-testosterone adrenal androgens and incidence of IS. Moreover, vascular intima-media thickness, which is a predictor of stroke and myocardial symptoms, has correlations with sex hormones. Current diagnostic and treatment criteria for androgen therapy for cerebrovascular complications are unclear. Confounding variables, including genetic and metabolic alterations of the key enzymes of steroidogenesis, ought to be considered. Information extracted from pharmacogenetic testing may aid in expounding the protective–destructive properties of neurosteroids, as well as the prognosis of androgen therapy, in particular their cerebrovascular outcomes. This investigative review article addresses relevant findings of the clinical and experimental investigations of androgen therapy, emphasizes the significance of genetic testing of androgen responsiveness towards individualized therapy in post-IS injuries as well as identifying pertinent questions.
Copeptin to rule out myocardial infarction in Blacks versus Caucasians
Authors: Beri Neil , Daniels Lori B , Jaffe Allan , Mueller Christian , Anand Inder , Peacock W Frank , Hollander Judd E , DeFilippi Christopher , Schreiber Donald , McCord James , Limkakeng Alexander T , Wu Alan H B , Apple Fred S , Diercks Deborah B , Nagurney John T , Nowak Richard M , Cannon Chad M , Clopton Paul , Neath Sean-Xavier , Christenson Robert H , Hogan Christopher , Vilke Gary , Maisel Alan
Published: May 2018

Background:

Copeptin in combination with troponin has been shown to have incremental value for the early rule-out of myocardial infarction, but its performance in Black patients specifically has never been examined. In light of a potential for wider use, data on copeptin in different relevant cohorts are needed. This is the first study to determine whether copeptin is equally effective at ruling out myocardial infarction in Black and Caucasian races.

Methods:

This analysis of the CHOPIN trial included 792 Black and 1075 Caucasian patients who presented to the emergency department with chest pain and had troponin-I and copeptin levels drawn.

Results:

One hundred and forty-nine patients were diagnosed with myocardial infarction (54 Black and 95 Caucasian). The negative predictive value of copeptin at a cut-off of 14 pmol/l (as in the CHOPIN study) for myocardial infarction was higher in Blacks (98.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 96.2–99.1%) than Caucasians (94.1%, 95% CI 92.1–95.7%). The sensitivity at 14 pmol/l was higher in Blacks (83.3%, 95% CI 70.7–92.1%) than Caucasians (53.7%, 95% CI 43.2–64.0%). After controlling for age, hypertension, heart failure, chronic kidney disease and body mass index in a logistic regression model, the interaction term had a P value of 0.03. A cut-off of 6 pmol/l showed similar sensitivity in Caucasians as 14 pmol/l in Blacks.

Conclusions:

This is the first study to identify a difference in the performance of copeptin to rule out myocardial infarction between Blacks and Caucasians, with increased negative predictive value and sensitivity in the Black population at a cut-off of 14 pmol/l. This also holds true for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and, although numbers were small, similar trends exist in the normal troponin population. This may have significant implications for early rule-out strategies using copeptin.
The locus of legitimate interpretation in Big Data sciences: Lessons for computational social science from -omic biology and high-energy physics
Authors: Bartlett Andrew , Lewis Jamie , Reyes-Galindo Luis , Stephens Neil
Published: May 2018

This paper argues that analyses of the ways in which Big Data has been enacted in other academic disciplines can provide us with concepts that will help understand the application of Big Data to social questions. We use examples drawn from our Science and Technology Studies (STS) analyses of -omic biology and high energy physics to demonstrate the utility of three theoretical concepts: (i) primary and secondary inscriptions, (ii) crafted and found data, and (iii) the locus of legitimate interpretation. These help us to show how the histories, organisational forms, and power dynamics of a field lead to different enactments of big data. The paper suggests that these concepts can be used to help us to understand the ways in which Big Data is being enacted in the domain of the social sciences, and to outline in general terms the ways in which this enactment might be different to that which we have observed in the ‘hard’ sciences. We contend that the locus of legitimate interpretation of Big Data biology and physics is tightly delineated, found within the disciplinary institutions and cultures of these disciplines. We suggest that when using Big Data to make knowledge claims about ‘the social’ the locus of legitimate interpretation is more diffuse, with knowledge claims that are treated as being credible made from other disciplines, or even by those outside academia entirely.
The conundrum of a dominant party in Thailand
Authors: Sawasdee Siripan Nogsuan
Published: May 2018

Although Thaksin Shinawatra’s three political parties, together called “the TSP” in this article, overwhelmingly won all four elections between 2001 and 2011, explaining their dominance is a challenge. Nevertheless, this article attempts to shed some light on how the TSP politicized already latent cleavages, namely the basic split between the lower-middle class and the rural poor versus mostly Sino-Thai Bangkokians and the urban middle class, and made them even more significant. After the TSP was dissolved by court order following the 2006 military coup, these deep divides transformed into two major cleavages, namely the dominating center-local dimension which pits Bangkokian and the urban pole against the provincial pole and the royalist and traditional establishment pole against pro-populist politicians. The TSP’s ability to incorporate certain demands into its agendas pointed to its power to manipulate these cleavages. At the same time, its capacity to organize and mobilize certain groups deepened those divisions and allowed the party to win elections without having to institutionalize the party. The TSP’s failure to develop a strong organizational structure was partly a result of frequent coups d’etat as well as its centralized style of leadership. The TSP’s reach across groups spanning these two cleavages would allow the TSP to win the upcoming election without having to embrace the dynamics of change in voters’ preferences. However, the precariously balanced relationship between the TSP and its supporters has to be carefully maintained, or the existing social cleavages may be increasingly difficult to sustain if new political parties emerge.
Ethnic Identity Development in Early Adolescence: Implications and Recommendations for Middle School Counselors
Authors: Holcomb-McCoy Cheryl
Published: May 2018

The influence of ethnic identity development on adolescents’ achievement, self-concept, and behaviors has been reviewed extensively in the literature. However, the role that school counselors play in enhancing middle school students’ ethnic identity development has received little attention. This article reviews the definition of ethnic identity and J. S. Phinney's (1992) model of adolescent ethnic identity development. J. E. Helms’ (1994) model of racial identity interaction theory is used as a basis for understanding how ethnic identity development may influence student-to-student and student-to-teacher interactions in middle schools. And finally, recommendations for middle school counselors are presented.
Developmental Assets and the Middle School Counselor
Authors: Scales Peter C.
Published: May 2018

Search Institute has identified 40 Developmental Assets™ that are building blocks of healthy development and success for children and adolescents. Young people's experience of most of these developmental assets declines over the middle school years. In this article, research is described showing the prevalence and impact of developmental assets among middle school students, and the power of the assets is connected to the developmental characteristics of young adolescents. The middle school counselor's role is described and suggestions given both for building assets in individual students and for helping to shape a positive school climate that promotes developmental well-being through the school community.
Early Adolescents’ Development across the Middle School Years: Implications for School Counselors
Authors: Wigfield Allan , Lutz Susan L. , Wagner A. Laurel
Published: May 2018

This article discusses development during the early adolescent years with a focus on recent research on the biological, cognitive, self-identity, and motivational changes that occur during this time period and the implications of this research for middle school counselors. Peer influences on early adolescents also are discussed, with the issue of school bullying receiving special attention. Studies are presented about how positive relations between teachers and students, and counselors and students, can ease the transition. Research is presented showing the positive effects of counseling programs designed to ease students’ transition into middle school, along with suggestions for restructuring the roles of middle school counselors in order to be responsive to the developmental needs of early adolescents.
The Unique Nature of Middle School Counseling
Authors: Akos Patrick
Published: May 2018

While all levels of school counseling share similarities, the development of early adolescents and the ecology of the middle school require a distinctive role for middle school counselors. This article explores the implications of development and the middle school philosophy on the application of middle school counselor practice and the application of the ASCA National Model®.
Counseling Latino Immigrants in Middle School
Authors: Thorn Antoinette R. , Contreras Susana
Published: May 2018

The increase of Latino immigrants in the United States places more pressure on school counselors to assist in the adjustment of Latino students entering school systems (U.S. Census Bureau, 2004). This may particularly affect schools that only a few years ago had no Latino immigrants. This article addresses how one Southern school district's counseling program is working to meet the needs of its non-English-speaking Latino middle school students by hiring a Spanish-speaking counselor and offering intervention strategies to facilitate the transition and adjustment of incoming students.
School Counselors as Resource Brokers: The Case for Including Teacher Efficacy in Data-Driven Programs
Authors: Colbert Robert D. , Kulikowich Jonna M.
Published: May 2018

The term resource broker is offered to assist counselors with data-driven programs. A resource broker is a school professional who functions as an active force to identify, provide access to, and ensure the utilization of resources that enhance student development. A case is presented here for school counselors, as resource brokers, to include teacher efficacy in program assessments when data show inequities in student access to rigorous academic classes.
Effective Counseling Strategies for Supporting Long-Term Suspended Students
Authors: Johnson Janet L. , Sparks Eric , Lewis Rita G. , Niedrich Kris , Hall Mary , Johnson Julie
Published: May 2018

Long-term suspended (LTS) students are barred from the school system for lengthy periods, leaving them at risk of academic failure and vulnerable from lack of services. A program in a North Carolina public school system provided counselors to work with each LTS student. Outcome data were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of counseling services offered during student suspensions and after students reentered school. Strategies facilitating student reenrollment in school are identified.
School Counselors’ Career Satisfaction and Commitment: Correlates and Predictors
Authors: Baggerly Jennifer , Osborn Debra
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this article is to investigate correlates and predictors of school counselors’ career satisfaction and commitment. Regression analyses of 1, 280 Florida counselors’ survey responses indicated that positive predictors of career satisfaction included appropriate duties, high self-efficacy, and district and peer supervision, while negative predictors were inappropriate duties and stress. The only positive predictor of career commitment was appropriate counseling duties while the only negative predictor was stress. Results and future directions are discussed.
Practitioner Inquiry: A Method to Advocate for Systemic Change
Authors: Brooks-McNamara Vicki , Pedersen Laura
Published: May 2018

Practitioner inquiry offers a strategy for creating systemic change thus increasing opportunities for all students’ academic achievement. Too often, school counselors are considered ancillary in schools rather than an integral member of the practitioner base. However, school counselors are being included in the equation for all students’ success. The very nature of school counselors’ work can make data gathering appear overwhelming and cumbersome. This article outlines a practical guide for enhancing the school counselor's position on leadership teams by providing simple and realistic strategies for gathering, analyzing, and using data to foster partnerships leading to positive academic interventions boosting all students’ achievement.
Conducting Qualitative Research: A Practical Guide for School Counselors
Authors: Farber Nancy K.
Published: May 2018

This article discusses the concept of school counselor as researcher. Qualitative research is defined, explained, and differentiated from quantitative research. School counselor questions that lend themselves to qualitative research are explored. The article also discusses the steps of qualitative research in depth, including developing questions, identifying gatekeepers, conducting interviews and observations, and analyzing data.
Cyber-Communication: Finding its Place in School Counseling Practice, Education, and Professional Development
Authors: Wilczenski Felicia L. , Coomey Susan M.
Published: May 2018

Cyber- or computer-mediated communication is transforming school counselor education in curriculum delivery, supervision, and professional development, as well as changing the nature of interactions among counselors, school personnel, parents, counselor educators, students, and field supervisors. This article describes how new technologies are influencing school counseling practice and helping counselor educators to train the next generation of school counselors. The article encourages a critical dialogue about the issues, ethics, and unanswered questions pertaining to the use of computer technology in school counselor practice and education.
Action Research and School Counseling: Closing the Gap between Research and Practice
Authors: Rowell Lonnie L.
Published: May 2018

Action research can be a valuable resource for strengthening the link between theory and practice in school counseling. Action research emphasizes practitioner action for change in conjunction with rigorous reflection on practice and careful gathering and analysis of data. This article presents background information on action research as well as the case for the relevance of action research to the situation that school counseling now faces as an emerging profession.
The ASCA National School Counseling Research Center: A Brief History and Agenda
Authors: Sabella Russell A.
Published: May 2018

In this article, the American School Counselor Association National School Counseling Research Center's history, development, and future goals are described.
Research Methods in School Counseling: A Summary for the Practitioner
Authors: Brigman Greg
Published: May 2018

This article summarizes, for the practitioner, the key “take home” points of the 10 articles included in this special issue on school counseling research. Professional school counselors must be astute consumers of research in order to sift through the professional research literature for the practical interventions that will lead to showing they make a difference in students’ lives. In addition to understanding relevant research, school counselors are increasingly being asked to provide accountability data that document their impact on student behavioral and academic performance. The information included in these articles is very timely and provides a rich resource for school counselors. The summaries hopefully will motivate the reader to explore the full articles for the rest of the story.
School Counselors and School Psychologists: Collaborative Partners in Promoting Culturally Competent Schools
Authors: Simcox April G. , Nuijens Karen L. , Lee Courtland C.
Published: May 2018

Culturally competent schools are successful in both meeting the challenges and seizing the opportunities associated with multiculturalism and diversity. This article explores collaboration between school counselors and school psychologists for promoting such schools. The complementary nature of the roles of these professionals emerging from educational reform and accountability initiatives is discussed first. The article then offers a model of collaboration between school counselors and school psychologists for promoting culturally competent, academically successful schools.
School Counseling Leadership Team: A Statewide Collaborative Model to Transform School Counseling
Authors: Kaffenberger Carol J. , Murphy Sally , Bemak Fred
Published: May 2018

The School Counseling Leadership Team (SCLT) is a model of a collaborative team formed to advocate for the transformed role of professional school counselors. The members of the SCLT included school district counseling supervisors, counselor educators, and leaders of statewide school counselor organizations. This article reviews the need for and evolution of the SCLT, its goals, accomplishments, and future plans. Suggestions and guidelines are offered for replicating the model.
Helping Students Cope in an Age of Terrorism: Strategies for School Counselors
Authors: Chibbaro Julia S. , Jackson C. Marie
Published: May 2018

School counselors experience unique challenges as they struggle to provide students with coping skills geared to the outside world including acts of terrorism. School-aged students in the United States are one of the most vulnerable populations in the event of a terrorist act. This article offers a review of the current and most relevant literature on the topic of helping students cope in an age of terrorism. The authors provide an overview of a six-step strategic model for school counselors to help prepare students to live and cope in an age of terrorism.
Counseling Adolescent Students Affected by the War in Iraq: Using History as a Guide
Authors: Shipp Adria E. , Clemens Elysia V.
Published: May 2018

The schemes of war of today's generation of adolescents might be heavily influenced by the War in Iraq because it is the first war this generation is likely to remember living through. Although the War in Iraq has produced a unique set of circumstances and concerns for adolescents who have experienced it, there is much to be learned from past wars about the types of counseling that would be helpful and appropriate. Considering developmental theories and information gleaned from previous wars is helpful in establishing best practice methods for counseling adolescents during times of current and future international conflict.
Does Psychotherapy Help Some Students? An Overview of Psychotherapy Outcome Research
Authors: Eder Kelly C. , Whiston Susan C.
Published: May 2018

This article provides a brief overview of the outcome research on psychotherapy with children and adolescents. Outcome research indicates that psychotherapy can be effective with both children and adolescents, with meta-analyses indicating that youth who participated in this type of intervention tended to score on the outcome measures half of a standard deviation or more above those who did not receive any intervention. Little is known about the process of psychotherapy with children, but there are some indications that the therapeutic relationship is important. Moreover, there is some research that supports the assumption that certain types of treatment are most helpful with specific clinical issues.
Parental Involvement in Children's Education: Considerations for School Counselors Working with Latino Immigrant Families
Authors: Gonzalez Laura M. , Borders L. DiAnne , Hines Erik M. , Villalba Jose A. , Henderson Alia
Published: May 2018

The Hoover-Dempsey et al. (2005) model of parents’ involvement in their children's schools has recently been applied to Latino immigrant families. This article reviews that literature and then describes culturally appropriate strategies for school counselors to work with this population, focusing on (a) teacher and counselor invitations to the family, (b) parent or partnership-focused role construction, and (c) flexible formats for involvement that respect families with limited time. The article includes a sample Latino Family Night program.
School Counselors’ Experiences with a Summer Group Curriculum for High-Potential Children from Low-Income Families: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sunde Peterson Jean
Published: May 2018

School counselors facilitated group guidance for children from low-income families and assisted in classrooms with a full economic range during a summer academic program for young gifted children in order to increase knowledge about giftedness. This qualitative study explored how the counselors experienced being immersed with gifted children. The main theme in their language was that they had not expected such differentness. They viewed the children in new ways and considered how school counselors could support them.
Wrinkles in Time and Drops in the Bucket: Circumventing Temporal and Social Barriers to Pro-Environmental Behavior
Authors: Soliman Monica , Alisat Susan , Bashir Nadia Y. , Wilson Anne E.
Published: May 2018

Human engagement in pro-environmental action is necessary for mitigating the effects of climate change. However, psychological barriers, such as feeling that the problem is distant in time and that any personal actions would only be a “drop in the bucket,” reduce people’s motivation to engage in pro-environmental behaviors that are essential for the future of the planet but that incur short-term personal costs. In the present study, we drew on theory and research regarding the subjective experience of temporal distance and the effects of social norms on action. We used an experimental methodology in which we presented scientifically predicted outcomes of climate change expected around the year 2100, then manipulated the degree to which these future consequences felt proximal or distant. We also altered whether people perceived pro-environmental action to be normative in society, reasoning that people would be more motivated to take on a subjectively looming threat if they believed they were part of a collective who were also taking action. Results indicated that after considering far-off, large-scale climate outcomes, neither subjective proximity nor social norms were sufficient in isolation to motivate behavior, but in combination, they effectively increased pro-environmental intentions and behavior. Those who were induced to feel that these objectively distant future outcomes were subjectively imminent, and who were also led to believe that pro-environmental behavior was normative, reported more intentions to engage in environmentally responsible behavior, and actually reported more sustainable behaviors in the weeks following the study.
Integrated Visual Supports in a School-Based Microenterprise for Students With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Fields C. J. , Demchak MaryAnn
Published: May 2018

School-based microenterprises and vocational training opportunities represent an effective approach to developing transferable vocational skills in students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The authors describe the implementation of an online, school-based microenterprise at a rural high school that emphasizes functional digital literacy and uses an integrated system of visual supports to increase the autonomy of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities in a workplace setting.
Preoperative PROMIS Scores Predict Postoperative Outcomes After Primary ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Chen Raymond E. , Papuga M. Owen , Voloshin Ilya , Nicandri Gregg T. , Goldblatt John P. , Bronstein Robert D. , Rouse Lucien M. , Maloney Michael D.
Published: May 2018

Background:

PROMIS (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) scores in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction have not been fully described in the literature to date. The ability of preoperative patient-reported outcome scores to directly predict postoperative outcomes in patients who undergo primary ACL reconstruction is unknown.

Hypothesis:

Postoperative PROMIS physical function (PF), pain interference (PI), and depression (D) scores in patients who undergo ACL reconstruction will show improvement when compared with preoperative scores. Additionally, preoperative PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores will predict which patients will not achieve a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) postoperatively.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 233 patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction between 2015 and 2016 and had completed PROMIS measures both preoperatively (within 60 days of surgery) and postoperatively (100-240 days after surgery) were included in this study. PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores were compared. Accuracy analyses were performed to determine whether preoperative PROMIS scores from each domain could predict postoperative achievement of MCID in the same domain. Cutoff scores were then calculated.

Results:

PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores all showed a significant improvement after ACL reconstruction (all P < .001). Preoperative scores from all 3 PROMIS domains showed a strong ability to predict clinically meaningful improvement, as defined by MCID, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.72 to 0.84. Optimal cutoffs for preoperative PROMIS scores showed that patients with a PF score of <42.5, PI score of >56.2, or D score of >44.8 were more likely to achieve MCID.

Conclusion:

PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores improved significantly in patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction. Preoperative PROMIS PF, PI, and D scores were highly predictive of outcome in the early postoperative period. The reported cutoff scores showed high probability in predicting which patients would and would not achieve a clinically meaningful improvement.
The Role of Scripture in Theology: Is Africa Getting it Right?
Authors: Odia Cyril Aigbadon
Published: May 2018

Teaching Christian religious studies in Nigeria, like in many other Christian African countries, is based on the use of Scripture. Such instruction is a continuation of the basic faith formation young people have received from their parents, church, and local community. Effective religious education cannot be restricted only to the classroom but must also include social acts of kindness and community building. African theology in recent years has grown with the rise of African Independent Churches and biblical studies. Scriptural studies in the Nigerian secondary school curriculum help construct the basic platform for sustaining a Scripture-based African theology.
Digital technology, work extension and the acceleration society
Authors: Wajcman Judy
Published: May 2018

This essay is based on a keynote speech given at the Organizational Working Time Regimes conference on 30 March 2017 at the University of Graz, Austria. It challenged the widespread assumption that digital technologies are radically altering our perception of time: as if we are mere hostages to the accelerating drive of machines. Digital devices are sold to us as time-saving tools that promote a busy, exciting action-packed lifestyle. But all technologies are inherently social: they bear the imprint of the people and social context from which they emerge. Time is lived at the intersection of an array of social differences in which some people’s time and labour is valued more highly than others’, and where some groups gain speed and efficiency at the expense of others. Overall, then, the talk argued that while there is no temporal logic inherent in technologies, artefacts do play a central role in the constitution of time regimes. The design of technologies matters for how we work, live and communicate, which in turn sets the tempo and texture of social time. So, it is striking that the people who design our technology and decide what is made are unrepresentative of society. The most powerful companies in the world today are basically engineering companies and employ few women, minorities and people over 40. To control our time, we must not only contest the imperative of speed and workaholism, but also democratise the making of engineering. Only then can we harness our inventiveness to fashion an alternative politics of time.
Rejecting or Accepting Parameter Values in Bayesian Estimation
Authors: Kruschke John K.
Published: May 2018

This article explains a decision rule that uses Bayesian posterior distributions as the basis for accepting or rejecting null values of parameters. This decision rule focuses on the range of plausible values indicated by the highest density interval of the posterior distribution and the relation between this range and a region of practical equivalence (ROPE) around the null value. The article also discusses considerations for setting the limits of a ROPE and emphasizes that analogous considerations apply to setting the decision thresholds for p values and Bayes factors.
Profilin 1–mediated cytoskeletal rearrangements regulate integrin function in mouse platelets
Authors: Stritt Simon , Birkholz Inga , Beck Sarah , Sorrentino Simona , Sapra K. Tanuj , Viaud Julien , Heck Johannes , Gaits-Iacovoni Frédérique , Schulze Harald , Du Xiaoping , Hartwig John H. , Braun Attila , Bender Markus , Medalia Ohad , Nieswandt Bernhard
Published: May 2018

Key Points

Profilin 1–mediated cytoskeletal dynamics regulate platelet β1- and β3-integrin function and turnover. Profilin 1 deficiency in platelets impairs hemostasis and results in a marked protection from arterial thrombosis.
A trial like ALIC4E: why design a platform, response-adaptive, open, randomised controlled trial of antivirals for influenza-like illness?
Authors: Butler Christopher C. , Coenen Samuel , Saville Benjamin R. , Cook Johanna , van der Velden Alike , Homes Jane , de Jong Menno , Little Paul , Goossens Herman , Beutels Philippe , Ieven Margareta , Francis Nick , Moons Pieter , Bongard Emily , Verheij Theo
Published: May 2018

ALIC4E is the first publicly funded, multicountry, pragmatic study determining whether antivirals should be routinely prescribed for influenza-like illness in primary care. The trial aims to go beyond determining the average treatment effect in a population to determining effects in patients with combinations of participant characteristics (age, symptom duration, illness severity, and comorbidities). It is one of the first platform, response-adaptive, open trial designs implemented in primary care, and this article aims to provide an accessible description of key aspects of the study design. 1) The platform design allows the study to remain relevant to evolving circumstances, with the ability to add treatment arms. 2) Response adaptation allows the proportion of participants with key characteristics allocated to study arms to be altered during the course of the trial according to emerging outcome data, so that participants' information will be most useful, and increasing their chances of receiving the trial intervention that will be most effective for them. 3) Because the possibility of taking placebos influences participant expectations about their treatment, and determining effects of the interventions on patient help seeking and adherence behaviour in real-world care is critical to estimates of cost-effectiveness, ALIC4E is an open-label trial.