bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Early Determination Method of Reservoir Drive of Oil Deposits Based on Jamalbayli Indexes
Authors: Jamalbayov Mahammad Asaf , Yildirim Betul , Abdullazada Atilla
Published: July 2024

Historically, the concept of “reservoir drive” aimed to simplify the mathematical modeling in reservoir engineering. Within this framework, the energy of the reservoir, particularly its aquifer, was idealized, leading to classifications such as “partial waterdrive,” “full waterdrive,” “gas cap drive,” and so forth. However, in reality, all existing energy sources interact simultaneously within reservoirs. Accordingly, this study aims to develop a new concept for a more realistic description of reservoir drive mechanisms and evaluation of reservoir energy performance. Numerous computer simulations have revealed a strong correlation between the ratio of relative changes in pore volume to relative changes in reservoir pressure and the reservoir’s energy nature and activity level. Moreover, the noted ratio did not depend on production technology, pressure/volume/temperature properties of hydrocarbon systems, rheological properties of reservoir rocks, or other factors. Based on this correlation, specific parameters termed as Jamalbayli Indexes (JI) have been identified to quantitatively describe reservoir energetic performance. JI consist of two parameters. One of them describes the relative change in pore volume per unit of relative change in reservoir pressure, and the second is the relative change in pore volume per unit of relative change in formation porosity. Here, “relative change” means a change in a parameter relative to its original value. These parameters are dimensionless and can have values around or equal to unity. A new conceptual framework for describing reservoir drive mechanisms based on JI has been formulated. According to this framework, reservoir drive mechanism is determined by comparing the computed JI values with unity rather than relying on subjective assessments of the trend of some functional dependencies. For the first time, it has become possible to express the reservoir drive performance quantitatively and determine the level of energy activity of the reservoirs with the help of JI. Additionally, a technique has been developed to evaluate the numerical values of JI for specific oil (including volatile oil) deposits based on the production data at any stage of production. The proposed methodology was tested using data from the eighth horizon of the Russkiy Khutor field in Russia. The test results not only confirmed the reliability of the obtained model but also demonstrated the adequacy of the proposed concept as a whole. Summarizing the results of other works by the authors, the adequacy of the proposed concept for both oil, gas, and gas condensate deposits has been confirmed. The research findings are expected to contribute to updating the traditional principles used for the mathematical problem statements in fluid flow in porous formations.
A Novel Connection Element Method for Multiscale Numerical Simulation of Two-Phase Flow in Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Zhao Hui , Zhan Wentao , Chen Zhiming , Rao Xiang
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to the numerical simulation of fractured reservoirs, called the connection element method (CEM), which differs from traditional grid-based methods. The reservoir computational domain is discretized into a series of nodes, and a system of connection elements is constructed based on the given connection lengths and angles. The pressure diffusion term is approximated using generalized finite difference theory. Meanwhile, the transmissibility and volume of the connection elements are determined, and pressure equations are solved discretely to obtain pressure at nodes to approximate the upstream flux along connection elements. Then, we solve the transport equation to obtain oil saturation profiles with low numerical diffusion, utilizing the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method. Moreover, the flow path tracking algorithm is introduced to quantify the flow allocation factors between wells. In all, the pressure equation can be solved at a global coarse-scale point cloud and the saturation equation is calculated at a local fine-scale connection element. In other words, CEM is of multiscale characteristics relatively. Finally, several numerical examples are implemented to demonstrate that CEM can achieve a relatively better balance between computational accuracy and efficiency compared with embedded discrete fracture modeling (EDFM). Furthermore, CEM adopts flexible meshless nodes instead of grids with strong topology, making it more practical to handle complex reservoir geometry such as fractured reservoirs.
On the Probabilistic Assessment of Tophole Casing Design
Authors: Várady Filho C. A. F. , Tenório J. K. F. , Lima Junior E. T. , Santos J. P. L. , Dias R. , Cutrim F. S.
Published: July 2024

The casing system plays a crucial role in the integrity of oil and gas wells throughout their life cycle, providing tightness, stability, and support to external loads. In this paper, we apply reliability-based models to the design of tophole casing sections, taking into account uncertainties associated with soil behavior and casing tubulars manufacturing. Typical load scenarios are addressed to estimate the probability of the occurrence of different soil-casing system failure modes.

Reliability-based techniques stand out as powerful solutions for structural analysis and design. This work assesses soil characterization data from piezocone tests (CPTu) to statistically describe some mechanical parameters used for conductor and surface casing design. Random variables associated with the material and geometrical properties of tubulars are also considered, based on tubular manufacturing data presented in API TR 5C3 (2018). The probabilistic models are developed by using the first-order reliability method (FORM), an expedited and accurate optimization-based procedure, and applied to various load scenarios to estimate failure probability in the context of tophole casing design. Finite element (FE) modeling is used for the integrity analysis of the soil-casing system.

Analyses have been carried out considering the variability associated with undrained soil strength evaluated from CPTu data, as this soil strength is expected to be the most relevant random variable due to its spatial heterogeneity. Other random variables taken into account are the outer diameter and wall thickness of casing tubulars, resulting from the variability in the manufacturing process. Results indicate the feasibility and relevance of the proposed FE-FORM analysis in estimating the probability of the occurrence of relevant failure modes defined following the oil company’s internal regulations, regarding: conductor casing load capacity, surface casing triaxial stress in the noncemented region, and wellhead displacement. For the specific case studies presented, failure probabilities ranged from the order of magnitude of 10-9 to inadmissible values approaching 50%. Concerning how random variables affect the probabilistic response, it is observed that the outer diameter is not significant due to its low dispersion.

The novelty consists of considering both in-situ soil information and casing manufacturing data in a reliability-based framework that enables a more robust structural integrity analysis, supporting the decision-making process in tophole design. This solution was implemented in the operator’s internal software and uses real data. Quantifying the soil and casing uncertainties by using a robust statistical-based methodology brings new information, enhancing knowledge about the variability of design parameters and its influence on the structural response.
An audit of corporate decarbonisation ambition against low-carbon futures.
Authors: Weaver Iain , Abrams Jesse F. , Oliver Jack , Dimakis Nikolaos , Parry Andrew , Lenton Timothy M.
Published: July 2024

Atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration has been steadily increasing since the 19th century, causing global warming. Despite efforts to reduce emissions, current projections anticipate a significant increase in global mean temperature by the end of the century, which may push us beyond a safe and just operating space. We must develop emissions pathways that take into account renewable technology innovation, climate policy development and consumer behavior change. In this manuscript we assess corporate emissions reduction ambition in the context of reduction pathways, and in doing so show that company reporting has reached a scale and quality that it can be used to supplement global emissions forecasting.
We find emissions disclosures of target-setting companies to account for roughly a fifth of global CO2 emissions and three-fifths of total market capitalisation. Of these, we find near-term targets to be consistent with the aggressive reduction requirements of the divergent net-zero scenario published by the Network for Greening the Financial System, but commitments to 2050 are lacking. There is a large disparity between the total market capitalisation of disclosing companies and the total emissions they cover, a disconnect which we emphasise must be addressed by future
Intact Amazon forests hit a record low gross primary productivity level in 2023-2024
Authors: Meunier Felicien , Boeckx Pascal , Botía Santiago , Bauters Marijn , Cherlet Wout , Ciais Philippe , De Hertog Steven , Dietze Michael , Peaucelle Marc , Sibret Thomas , Sitch Stephen , Li Wei , Verbeeck Hans
Published: July 2024

In the Amazon, the dry season of 2023 as well as the beginning of the wet season in 2024 were marked by unprecedented high temperatures and large precipitation deficits. While the tropical forests in the Amazon play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle and are a biodiversity hotspot, they were also shown to suffer from El-Niño related droughts in the past, leading to legitimate concerns about the ecological consequences of the recent climate conditions. To this day, while there is a growing effort to make remote sensing products available close to real-time, land surface models that are critical tools to understand the interactions between the biosphere and the environment have lagged behind the present due to the complexity to run and process large model ensembles. In this study, we employed advanced machine learning models trained on state-of-the-art remote sensing and dynamic global vegetation model estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP). The models provide near real-time GPP estimates, revealing significant productivity reductions during the 2023/2024 drought. Negative GPP anomalies were more widespread across the Amazon than during any other recent major drought event. The Climate-GPP relationships that emerged from the models suggest that future temperature increases and changes in precipitation will severely challenge Amazon forest resilience.
Enhancing American Sign Language Alphabet Recognition: A Fusion of Media Pipe and LSTM Technologies
Authors: Abhinav Pentamaraju , Vishwakarma Harshlata
Published: July 2024

With the advancement of today’s technologies in artificial intelligence, humans tend to use hand gestures in their communication to convey their ideas. Gesture recognition is an active area of research in the human-computer interface (HCI). Gesture recognition is important for communication between deaf-mute people, HCI, robot control, home automation, and medical applications. In this article, a simple and efficient vision-based approach for American Sign Language (ASL) alphabets recognition has been discussed to recognize both static and dynamic gestures. Media pipe introduced by Google had been used to get hand landmarks and a custom data set has been created and used for the experimental study. Hand gesture recognition has been done by using Long short-term memory (LSTM). The proposed system has been investigated with 26 alphabets and an accuracy of 99% has been achieved. This work can be used to convert hand gestures into text.
A Novel Electrocardiogram Denoising Method based on Convex fused-Lasso Denoising with Non-Convex Regularization and Wavelet/Total Variation
Authors: Rezgui Abdallah , Talbi Mourad
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we propose a new Electrocardiogram (ECG) denoising approach based on Convex fused lasso Denoising with non-convex regularization and Wavelet/Total Variation (WATV). This approach consists at first step of applying the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to the noisy ECG signal for obtaining a noisy approximation coefficient, cAb1 and a noisy details coefficient, cDb1. The latter is denoised by soft thresholding and we obtain a denoised details coefficient, cDd1. The second step of this approach consists of applying the DWT to cAb1 in order to obtain a noisy approximation coefficient, cAb2 and a noisy details coefficient, cDb2. The latter is denoised by Convex fused lasso denoising with non-convex regularization and we obtain a denoised details coefficient, cDd2. The coefficient, cAb2, is denoised by WATV based denoising technique and we obtain a denoised coefficient, cAd2. The inverse of DWT is then applied to cDd2 and cAd2 in order to obtain a denoised approximation coefficient, cAd1. The inverse of DWT is again applied to cDd1 and cAd1 for obtaining finally a denoised ECG signal. The performance of this proposed approach is proved by the computation of SNR, the PSNR, the MSE, the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and the Cross-Correlation (CC).
Analysis of Land Use Changes and Driving Forces in Chuzhou City from 2010 to 2020
Authors: Yi Mingxuan , Liu Chong , Cong Pengfei , Gao Jichao , Xu Xinpo , Ma Tao , Zheng Lei
Published: July 2024

Land use change is an important driving factor for global environmental change. Clarifying its changing characteristics and driving factors is of great guiding significance for optimizing land use patterns, improving regional ecological environment, and increasing land use efficiency. This article is based on the grid data of land use in Chuzhou City from 2010, 2015, and 2020, ENVI and GIS software are used to preprocess the data. The land use transfer matrix and land use dynamic degree model are used, and combined with the actual land use situation in Chuzhou City, the characteristics of land use change in Chuzhou City from 2010 to 2020 are analyzed. On this basis, principal component analysis is used to analyze the driving forces of interannual changes in land use in Chuzhou City. The results show that from 2010 to 2020, the land use structure in Chuzhou City was still mainly composed of arable land, forest land, and construction land. The area of other types of land was relatively small, but the area of grassland decreased significantly. The area of construction land and unused land continued to increase, with construction land showing the largest increase; In the past 10 years, the land use structure in Chuzhou City has undergone significant changes, with a smaller difference in area between different land use types and a trend towards balanced land use structure; The main driving factors of land use change in Chuzhou City are rapid economic development and agricultural production productivity.
Study on the stability of sandy soil slopes under freeze-thaw cycle - A case study of slopes in Zengsheng Township, Fuyu City
Authors: Wu Yuehua , Lang Qiuling , Zhang Yichen , Zhang Jiquan , Cao Yang , Li Haoying
Published: July 2024

In order to study the damage law of sandy soil slopes in Zengsheng Town, Fuyu City under freeze-thaw cycle conditions, this paper analyses the strength characteristics of sandy soil in the study area under different freeze-thaw cycle conditions by both indoor tests and numerical simulations, and analyses the effects of different water content and different clay content on the stability of sandy soil slopes. The soil samples in the study area were subjected to straight shear test under different freeze-thaw cycle conditions to obtain the strength change rule and calibration of the microscopic parameters according to the experimental results; the discrete element particle flow software was used to simulate the damage characteristics of the slopes under different freeze-thaw cycle conditions and the evolution of the slope damage by artificially removing the soil at the foot of the slope after the landslide. The research results show that:(1) The cohesion of soil samples decreases with the increase of water content;(2) The cohesion of soil samples increases with the increase of clay content, and the cohesion of soil samples gradually decreases with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles, and the higher the clay content, the greater the decrease of cohesion;(3) Failure firstly appeared plastic point near the end point of the fissure at the bottom of the slope, and then tensile fracture occurred and gradually developed upward, and ultimately, the fall-type failure occurred.
Slow earthquakes as rockbursts: evidence from subsurface rock pressure-stress accumulation and release modeling and time-domain seismic wave decomposition
Authors: He Zonglu , Oka Takamitsu
Published: July 2024

The sensitivity of slow earthquakes to weak tidal stress perturbations suggests that weak external perturbations may be involved in inducing slow earthquakes. Here, we model subsurface rock pressure-stress accumulation and release, suggesting that repetitive pulses of intermittent rockburst energy from moderately divergent Brownian motion resulting from the accumulation of pore pressures and stresses can lead to slow-slip pulsed ruptures and episodic tremors. Sustained weak external perturbations through fault zones/subducted slabs can lead to internal pressure stress accumulation in specific rocks, which is the key to repetitive rockbursts. To validate this theoretical derivation, we developed a time-domain seismic wave decomposition method to extract seismic radiant energy and other components from seismic waves by simulating seismic wave propagation, which is impossible with existing methods. The data of Japan's strong earthquakes from 2001-2021 show that the preseismic events are consistent with the main characteristics of slow earthquakes and that there is a significant positive/negative correlation between seismic peak energy and preseismic moments/subduction periods, which supports the theoretical derivation. The energy pulses emitted by rockbursts show a diurnal cycle consisting of two semidiurnal cycles, which provides evidence that tidal semidiurnal cycles, diurnal temperature differences, diurnal geomagnetic variations, and intermittent dehydrating fluids induce slow earthquakes.
Identification of Anoikis-Related Prognostic Genes and Construction of a Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Single-Cell and Bulk Transcriptomic Analysis
Authors: Tang Xiaowei , Zhou Xueqin , Huang Shu , Ma Xinyue , Luo Bei , Zhang Wei , Shi Lei , Lv Muhan
Published: July 2024

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health and life. Extensive research into cell death mechanisms has revealed a link between anoikis and the development and progression of HCC. However, the specific mechanisms remain unclear.
Methods
We used AddModuleScore, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify anoikis-related genes at both single-cell and bulk transcriptome levels. An eight-gene prognostic model for HCC was constructed and validated in training and validation sets. We also examined differences between high-risk and low-risk groups in clinical pathological characteristics, single-cell features, gene mutation landscapes, immune microenvironments, responses to immunotherapy, and chemotherapy drug sensitivity.
Results
We successfully constructed a prognostic model for HCC containing eight AnoRGs (SLC2A2, ANXA2, ATP1B3, YWHAH, YWHAB, MAPRE1, ARPC2, and SMS), which demonstrated excellent performance in various aspects of prognostic prediction. Comparing the concordance index (C-index) of our model with those of previous studies, our model achieved the highest C-index, indicating superior predictive performance. Additionally, M0 macrophages may be associated with poor prognosis in HCC. Differences in biological functions, mutation profiles, and immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment were observed between the high-risk and low-risk groups.
Conclusion
Our study constructed an anoikis-related signal based on single-cell and bulk RNA data, providing a promising tool for predicting prognosis, targeted prevention, and personalized drug treatment in HCC.
ALSSA-PID control-based wheel-side motor control system for four-wheel-drive electric vehicles
Authors: XU Xiaoguang , DING Jiale , XIAO Ping , WANG Miao , ZHANG Xiaoyu
Published: July 2024

To enhance the response speed and accuracy of the motor in a four-wheel side motor-driven electric vehicle for improved vehicle handling stability, this paper proposes a chaotic adaptive sparrow-optimized PID control algorithm. Firstly, the structural principles of the four-wheel side motor-driven electric vehicle are analyzed. A mathematical model and a simulation model of the electric vehicle are established, and the accuracy of the model is verified through simulation experiments. Subsequently, the traditional sparrow algorithm is improved using Logistic-Tent chaotic mapping, adaptive search parameters, and the Levy flight strategy. These modifications enable the algorithm to escape local optima and achieve better convergence speed and accuracy. Based on these improvements, the ALSSA-PID control algorithm is developed, and the motor model is simulated and tested. Finally, a physical control platform for the wheel-edge motor is constructed to test the control algorithm. The results indicate that the rise time of the ALSSA-PID control algorithm is reduced by an average of 40.59% and 5.66% compared to open-loop control and SSA-PID control at various control speeds, respectively, while the stabilization time is reduced by an average of 27.72% and 15.59%. These findings demonstrate that the proposed control algorithm significantly improves the control performance of the wheel-edge motor control system.
Prevalence of Bovine Hydatidosis in Cattle Slaughtered at Nekemte Municipal Abattoir Western, Ethiopia
Authors: Muhammed Abdu , Tamiru Yobsan , Kenei Felmata , Zenu Nezif
Published: July 2024

Across-sectional study was performed at the Nekemte municipal abattoir, Western Ethiopia from October 2016 to August 2017 with the aims of finding to determine the prevalence of bovine hydatid cyst, assess the related risk factors and evaluate organ level of distributions of the cysts.. An ante mortem and postmortem examination was performed as usual on all 220 chosen slaughtered cattle. The organs of systemically selected cattle were evaluated by visual inspection and palpation. Of the total number inspected 44 (20%) had one or more hydatid cysts in one or more of their organs harbored hydatid cysts. Both age and sex of the cattle were significantly associated with the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis (X2=5.928: P=0.015 and X2=4.086: P=0.043, respectively) among the risk factors evaluated. 44(20.%) of the 220 animals evaluated were positive for hydatidosis. In terms of organ distribution, the liver accounted for 27(61.4%), the lung for 16 (36.3%), and the spleen for 1(2.3%).34(55.8%) of the 62 cysts counted and characterized were found in the liver, 27(53.6%) in the lung, and 1(2.3%) in the spleen.22 (35.5%) of the 62 cysts collected were calcified, and 31 (50%) were found to be fertile. Of 7(22.6%) of the 31 fertile cysts were discovered in the liver,23(74.2%) in the lung, and 1(2.3%) in the spleen. Hydatidosis is still one of the most critical diseases that need to be given careful consideration for prevention and control measures in the East Wollega zone, even with the moderate level of infection currently detected. This is because there appears to be a socioeconomic environment that is conducive for the disease. Therefore, the installation of regulated, well-equipped abattoirs, public awareness campaigns, and stray dog control are crucial.
Questionnaire Survey on Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Awareness among Patients at a Local Cancer Center in Japan
Authors: Nakamura Kazuto , Kigure Keiko , Nishimura Toshio , Yamashita Soichi
Published: July 2024

【Background】 The incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is increasing in Japan. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cancer screening are crucially involved in the prevention of cancer-related mortality. However, in 2022, the cervical cancer screening rate in Japan was only ≈43.6%. This study aimed to conduct an epidemiological analysis of cervical cancer by collecting data from individual patients.
【Methods】A questionnaire survey was administered to patients who visited our hospital between January 2017 and July 2023 due to abnormal cervical cytological findings or a cancer diagnosis. Patients answered questions regarding their history of cervical cancer screening as well as knowledge of HPV and cervical cancer.
【Results】During the study period, 471 patients participated in the survey, with 35 declining to participate. Patients with Stage 1b1–4b primarily sought medical attention due to self-reported symptoms (P<0.001); however, they were less likely to have undergone cervical cancer screening (P<0.001). Additionally, older patients were less likely to be aware of the association of HPV with cervical and other cancers. Notably, 28 out of 129 patients with stage 1b1–4b cancer underwent cervical cancer screening within 2 years. The tumor location within the endocervical canal emerged as a significant factor contributing to false-negative results; further, non- squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histology was another possible factor.
【Conclusions】Our findings suggest the need to widely disseminate information regarding the significance of cancer screening in order to increase cancer screening rates. Moreover, it is important to establish strategies for minimizing false-negative results in screening for non-SCC and endo-cervical canal tumors.
From an Azaarene to the Spine of Fused Bicyclics: Cycloaddition-Induced Scaffold Hopping of 5-Hydroxypyrazoles
Authors: Wu An-Xin
Published: July 2024

Skeleton editing for heteroarenes, especially pyrazoles, is challenging and remains scarce due to these non-strained aromatics feature inert reactivities therefore relatively inactive to perform a dearomatization/cleavage sequence. Herein, we disclose a cycloaddition-induced scaffold hopping of 5-hydroxypyrazoles to access pyrazolopyridopyridazin-6-one skeleton in a single-operation protocol. By converting a five-membered azaarene into a five-unit spine of a 6/6 fused-bicyclics, this work has unlocked a new ring-opening reactivity of pyrrole core that involves a formal C = N bond cleavage while retaining the highly reactive N-N bond in the resulting product. A [4 + 2] cycloaddition of a temporary dearomatized 5-hydroxypyrrole with an in situ generated aza-1,3-diene and a follow-up oxidative C-N bond cleavage accounted for the domino pathway. A library of pyrazolopyridopyridazin-6-one, which are medicinally relevant nitrogen-atom-rich tricyclics, was obtained efficiently from readily available materials.
A climate change signal in the tropical Pacific emerges from decadal variability
Authors: Jiang Feng , Seager Richard , Cane Mark
Published: July 2024

Recent debates have centered around whether the La Niña-like sea surface temperature (SST) trend pattern in the tropical Pacific in the past several decades is a response to anthropogenic forcings or internal variability, particularly the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). This study identifies an emerging SST warming pattern in the tropical Pacific featuring a narrow equatorial cooling band, in stark contrast to the meridionally broad SST trend pattern shaped by the IPO. The emerging SST trend pattern is associated with changes in subsurface temperature structure and sea level height that are distinct from those related to the recurrent IPO. The differences are primarily driven by their different surface wind stress patterns. The emerging wind stress pattern also drives distinctive ocean dynamical processes, fostering the unique eastern Pacific cooling. Our findings set a path to distinguish the often-tangled tropical Pacific climate change signals from internal variability through the underlying dynamics of each. MAIN TEXT
Empirical Evaluation of - LLM Performance Using K-S Test
Authors: Panta Sasikanth
Published: July 2024

This Research focuses on the novel empirical formulation of large language models which is an interface for scaling down repetitive tasks and back propagating the training dataset from text generation, network hierarchy, associative memory in linguistic dissemination and trained on set of information such as web and scientific literature, feedback score for prompting and building a loss function (Chain of thought) for accurate representation among validators and predictors of the model. This paper focuses on establishing the prompt deterministic function based on knowledge graphs . Models like GPT 4.0, Gemini 1.5 , Llama 2,3 , Anthropic etc. are evaluated using Kolmogorov Smirnov Test which address the bottlenecks of hallucination of prompts in large language models applications. So, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, is a non parametric statistical test to evaluate the benchmarks of a large language model application. Top Kolmogorov Tests are different during model training & safety of the model is ensured during benchmark assessment.
Factors associated with neurological manifestations in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in a military hospital
Authors: BARDALES-RODRIGUEZ JOSE
Published: July 2024

Background: COVID-19 is a disease that affects mainly the respiratory system but can affect other systems, including the nervous system. The factors associated with neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19 infection have been described in multiple studies. However, associated factors have not been explored in the military population.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out based on information from the medical records of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the 2020–2021 period. The variable of interest in the present study was the neurological manifestations presented by the patients during the acute stage of the disease. The factors evaluated were sociodemographic and clinical variables. Generalized linear models of the Poisson family with robust variance were used, with which crude prevalence ratios (cPRs) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were calculated.
Results: Neurological manifestations were present in 49.2% of the patients, with headache (29.8%), myalgia (23.4%), and anosmia (9.68%) being the most frequent. High blood pressure was associated with neurological manifestations. Similarly, older adult patients were 1.84 times more likely to present with neurological manifestations (PR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.08-3.13).
Conclusion: Hypertension and age greater than 60 years were associated with neurological manifestations. Longitudinal studies need to be conducted for possible causality.
Quality Management Research in Tourism Literature: A Bibliometric Analysis Approach
Authors: Erden Ayhun Sena , Usta Kara Isil , Cavusgil Kose Bilge
Published: July 2024

Quality is an important indicator for the service sector. Currently, increasingly competitive conditions, technological development and changes in customer demands and needs bring importance to the concept of quality in the tourism sector, as in many other sectors. The key role of quality management in enabling sustainable competitive advantage has guided many researchers in the field of tourism science to focus on this issue. Nevertheless, there are limited bibliometric and systematic assessments, even though they are becoming increasingly popular in the tourism industry. To contribute to further research collaboration and expand knowledge in this subject area, a bibliometric study was conducted. This research examines quality management in the tourism literature, the growth trajectory and geographical distribution of studies, the distribution of publications according to WOS indexes, the most productive authors and countries, the authors and documents that have had the greatest impact, the intellectual structure of quality management, global academic collaboration, and the main themes of publications. This study aims to identify the key issues and gaps in the literature related to quality management in the context of tourism. For this purpose, the Web of Science (WoS) database was scanned. This paper conducts a bibliometric literature evaluation of 993 articles published between 2004 and 2023. Performance analysis and science mapping techniques were used in this study. Visualization of similarities (VOS) viewer software was used to create bibliometric maps. It is concluded that the concepts of service quality and quality of life (QoL) have become prominent in tourism. It is also determined that words related to sustainability and the environment have been used in recent years. According to the results of the study, 2021, 2022 and 2020 are the most productive years. China, the USA, and Spain are the countries that have contributed the most to the development of the literature. The United Kingdom has worked in cooperation with twenty-nine countries, China’s link strength is greater, as it has cooperated with twenty-seven countries. Conversely, the university that has made the greatest collaborative contributions to science is Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Thus, it is anticipated that this research will further scientific contributions to the examination of quality management in the literature related to tourism.
Four-quadrant propeller hydrodynamic performance mapping for improving ship motion predictions
Authors: Cosgun Taner ,   Faculty of Naval Architecture and Maritime, Yildiz Technical University, Turkiye, Esenkalan Mahmutcan , Kinaci Omer Kemal ,   Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Turkiye,   Marine Cybernetics Advanced Vehicle Technologies (MARNETICS), ITU Ariteknokent, Turkiye,   Marine Robotics Laboratory, Istanbul Technical University, Turkiye
Published: July 2024

On the path toward fully autonomous sea vessels, forecasting a ship’s exact velocity and position during its route plays a crucial role in dynamic positioning, target tracking, and autopilot operations of the unmanned body navigating toward predetermined locations. This paper addresses the prediction of the operational performance of a free-running submarine advancing in a straight route (in surge motion). Along with the forward advancing vessel (straight-ahead motion) the study covers all possible scenarios of ship’s surge, including crash-ahead, crash-back, and astern motions. Conventional maneuvering models cannot handle motions other than forward advancement due to the absence of propeller data in all four quadrants of hydrodynamic performance map. This study proposes an approach for predicting submarine performance in all these surge conditions by utilizing four-quadrant propeller performance and resistance test data. We developed an in-house code, SMot4QP, to simulate ship speed and position in the time domain. We obtained satisfying results for the straight-ahead and crash-ahead motions, while the crash-back and astern maneuvers require further refinement due to propeller wake interaction with the hull. The proposed method is capable of predicting the motions of all types of vessels using the ship’s resistance and four-quadrant propeller test results. Thus, SMot4QP offers a fast and robust alternative to computationally expensive free-running self-propulsion simulations for operational performance prediction in broader naval applications.
disorder: Deep inelastic scattering at high orders
Authors: Karlberg Alexander
Published: July 2024

We present a Fortran 77/95 code capable of computing QCD corrections in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). The code uses the Projection-to-Born method to augment an existing \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^2)𝒪(αs2) dijet DIS code, thereby obtaining predictions for photon-mediated neutral-current single-jet DIS production in the laboratory frame. The code is lightweight and fast, and yet includes the most common functionalities found in typical perturbative QCD programs, like automatic renormalisation and factorisation scale uncertainties, options to run and combine multiple seeds, and interfaces to fastjet and LHAPDF. Due to the underlying disent and HOPPET codes, the program also provides stable results in the infrared, relevant for extracting logarithmic coefficients for analytic resummations, and access to the massless DIS structure functions and (reduced) cross sections up to \mathcal{O}(\alpha_{\mathrm{s}}^3)𝒪(αs3).
Study of novel Zn-MOF-II modified polymeric membrane in wastewater treatment containing oily waste and humic acid (NOM)
Authors: Gawali Sapna , Gawali Ajay , Reddy Nagarjuna , Reddy P. Swapna , Dharaskar Swapnil , Khuntia Snigdha , Sinha Manish , Jampa Surendra Sasi Kumar
Published: July 2024

The prime objective of the present work was to synthesise the polymeric membrane with Zn-MOF-II nanoparticles using the phase inversion method to purify oily wastewater and NOM. The dead-end filtration system was utilised to analyse the performance of fabricated membranes (without and with Zn-MOF-II), various feeds of 100 ppm concentration used, such as organic pollutants and oil effluent at 250 kPa and atmospheric temperature conditions. The following study involves the compaction factor, pure water flux, all mixed matrix membrane permeability, humic acid rejection, and oil–water emulsion rejection, contact angle, and liquid–liquid displacement porosimetry (LLDP). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) goniometer were used to characterise the polymeric membranes. The FTIR-ATR spectra of the modified membrane exhibit a characteristic peak between 2,900 and 3,000 cm−1 associated with the presence of the –COOH group. The nanoparticles and polymer matrix were well compatible, as evidenced by SEM images of the polymeric membrane containing Zn-MOF-II nanoparticles. The maximum value of percentage rejection of oily wastewater (above 88.89%) and humic acid (above 86.88%) was obtained for the polymeric membrane containing Zn-MOF-II nanoparticles.
Groundwater modeling and estimation of the safe pumping rate for the sustainable use of groundwater resources in Kombolcha town, upper Borkena watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegawu Wasihun Deribe , Katebu Gurmu Deressa , Desta Shawl Abebe , Temtime Getnet Solomon , Ejigu Bezawit Tesfaye , Adamu Anteneh Yayeh , Amsie Ayalke Belete
Published: July 2024

The rate of groundwater extraction is increasing due to population growth. Balancing pumping rates with natural recharge is necessary for sustainable use. The safe groundwater pumping rate was determined using the groundwater model ModelMuse. To determine the safe pumping rate, 39 borehole data points were gathered and adjusted for 4, 8, and 12 h of pumping scenarios for 50 years in a steady-state pumping condition. The recharge rates in the study area were calculated using four empirical approaches in addition to the water balance method. Of the four empirical methods, the water balance technique provided the most accurate estimates of groundwater recharge, with an estimated average recharge rate of 176.75 mm per year. The ModelMuse model water balance report demonstrated that there was positive storage for all boreholes to be pumped simultaneously under 4- and 8-h pumping rate scenarios, but that there would be a significant drawdown under 12-h pumping from the stress period of 2039–2065, and the summation of inflow and outflow would become negative, indicating that the withdrawal rate is greater than the recharge rate. Thus, the safe pumping rate for Borkena groundwater was calculated to be 975 L/s in 8-h pumping rate scenarios.
A CFD-based compartmental modelling approach for long-term dynamic simulation of water resource recovery facilities
Authors: Romay-Gainza A. , Elduayen-Echave B. , Hernández B. , Larraona G. S. , Arnau R. , Climent J. , Ayesa E.
Published: July 2024

This article presents a methodology for compartmental model (CM) creation for long-term simulation of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). CMs are often focused on reproducing with a lower computational cost, previously simulated scenarios. In contrast, the methodology presented here can represent variable hydraulic conditions, based on the interpolation of data gathered from a set of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations that reproduce representative hydraulic scenarios. This is achieved by modelling with bidirectional flows the exchange flows between fixed compartments, which are defined based on the geometry of the reactors. The resultant hydraulic surrogate model can be implemented in commercial water treatment software to solve biochemical kinetics. The methodology was applied to simulate in WEST®-DHI a WRRF in Vila-Real, Spain. In this contribution, the CM was validated with real plant data. The developed CM provided a quick response simulation with a high level of hydraulic and biochemical detail. This allowed observation of a spatial distribution of component concentration, which could help with sensor location or plant optimisation. The methodology presented here could also be a useful enabler of digital twins to be implemented in WRRF.
A dynamic compartmental model of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for biological phosphorus removal
Authors: Daneshgar Saba , Borzooei Sina , Debliek Lukas , Van Den Broeck Elias , Cornelissen Riet , de Langhe Piet , Piacezzi Cesare , Daza Miguel , Duchi Simon , Rehman Usman , Nopens Ingmar , Torfs Elena
Published: July 2024

Bioreactors are usually modelled as continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) or CSTRs connected in series (Tanks-In-Series configuration). In large systems with non-ideal mixing, such approaches do not sufficiently capture the complex hydrodynamics, leading to model inaccuracies due to the lumping of spatial gradients. Highly detailed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models provide insight into complex hydrodynamics but are computationally too expensive for flow-sheet models and digital twin applications. A compartmental model (CM) can be a middle-ground by providing a more realistic representation of the hydrodynamics and still being computationally affordable. However, the hydrodynamics of a plant can be very different under varying flow conditions. Dynamic CMs can capture these changes in an elegant way. So far, the application of CMs has been limited mostly to continuous flow systems. In this study, a dynamic CM of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is developed for a bio-P removal process. The SBR comes with challenges for CM development due to its distinct operational stages. The dynamic CM shows significant improvements over the CSTR model (using the same biokinetic parameters) for dissolved oxygen and phosphate predictions reducing the need for model recalibration that can lead to over-fitting and limited extrapolation capability of the model.
Intersecções, modernizações, tradicionalismos (e derivas autoritárias) no direito administrativo do período entreguerras
Authors: Sordi Bernardo
Published: July 2024

O texto analisa a evolução do direito administrativo no período entre as duas Guerras Mundiais, destacando a transição de um estado liberal para um intervencionista, com foco nas reformas administrativas e no pensamento jurídico. Essa mudança é marcada pela diluição das fronteiras entre o público e o privado, onde o estado não apenas exerce comando, mas também adota formas elásticas do direito privado para a gestão da administração pública. Observa-se uma expansão das atividades dos entes públicos que, apesar de aumentarem seus poderes, frequentemente o fazem utilizando as formas organizacionais e os regimes jurídicos do direito privado. O texto aborda como essa hibridização entre o público e o privado reflete a complexidade e os desafios enfrentados pelo direito administrativo no contexto de modernização e autoritarismo do período entreguerras, levando à redefinição das funções e da estrutura da administração pública.
Prediction of distillate output in photocatalytic solar still using artificial intelligence (AI)
Authors: ALQAHTANI Reyouf
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Solar desalination is widely employed technology to separate potable water from saline water. In this study a solar still with one slope was employed to desalinate the saline water. The bottom plate of the solar still was coated with titanium dioxide to improve its performance. The distillate output was collected at three depths of water level in the still for different time intervals. Artificial Intelligence-Levenberg Marquardt (AI-LM) method was employed to predict the distillate output. The predicted values for the response were found to be in good agreement (R2 = 0.997) with the experimental data.
Robust testing requirements for Li-ion battery performance analysis
Authors: SHEIKH Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Lithium-ion batteries are considered reliable option for Electric vehicle propulsion and portable applications. Various battery chemistries are being developed to enhance safety and performance of batteries to improve lifespan and reliability. Battery use case scenario often dictate requirements of different li-ion battery types. When target applications are fulfilled, other key considerations are implemented which include testing and characterisation to understand useful performance indicators from chosen battery type. This paper investigates current testing and characterisation needs to understand capacity fade and battery degradation with respect to temperature variations. Cycling tests followed by reference performance tests are used to analyse capacity fade. Due to limitation for the paper size only capacity fade analysis along with immersed test setup are focused to understand battery degradation with respect to various C-rates. Key findings are discussed, and comparative analysis is provided with future recommendations.
Impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in Martian architecture (exterior and interior)
Authors: Bande Lindita
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Martian architecture has gained interest in the recent year. Several grand architectural studios have designed hypothetical buildings as part of a colony of the red planet. This study is a continuation of a previous research on mars Habitat. The use of AI to generate alternatives of design based on an initial idea gives insight of how technology can assist us in such major projects. The methodology followed in this study is as per the below steps: 1- General Description of the initial concept: Organic Architecture, 2- General Description of the initial concept: Minimal Architecture, 3- Use of AI in the selected projects, tool description, 4- Results: Outcomes of AI Applications. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the AI on Space Architecture, more specifically Martian Architecture. The initial step in the methodology is to design a colony that connects together but as also well distributed in the plan. The following step is using an AI tool to generate processed (rendered) images of the base image. These AI renders will then be analyzed and the final implication of the findings for the project will be described. The findings of this study can be relevant to relevant authorities in space exploration and space architecture with the help of AI tools.