bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Primer on Moral Concepts and Vocabulary
Authors: von Kriegstein Hasko ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2022

This article is an introduction to moral concepts. Its purpose is to introduce and explain vocabulary that can be used both in examining ethical theories, and in talking about the ethically significant aspects of concrete situations. We begin by distinguishing descriptive and normative claims, and explaining how moral claims are a special type of normative claims. We then introduce terms for the moral evaluation of actions, states of affairs, and motives. Focusing on the question ‘what should be done?,’ we talk at some length about factors that influence the moral evaluation of actions, such as rights, duties, and consequences. We also cover related concepts such as justifications, excuses, praise, and blame. Finally, we discuss ethical reasoning and the roles played therein by principles, values, and theories.
Recovery processes in areas affected by mining: a scienciometric review
Authors: Mendes Thiago Pereira , Montag Luciano F. A. , Michelan Thaisa Sala , Ferreira Gracialda C. , Torres Naiara R. , Guterres Alana Patrícia , Fares Ana Luísa , Calvão Lenize Batista , Maia Calebe , Paiva Carina Kaory S. , Barbosa Thiago A. P. , Santos Luciana L. , Begot Tiago O. , Andrade Ana Luiza , Cardoso Mylena Neves , Juen Leandro
Published: July 2022

A major challenge in using recovery techniques, for the different natural ecosystems affected by mining, is a mutual relationship between the habitat and its biota response. This study aimed to do a review to identify the number of publications, which countries are publishing more and which recovery techniques and taxonomic group are used in mining areas globally have contributed to the maintenance or recovery of the environment. We reviewed the literature on recovery in mining areas worldwide, between 1994 and 2016, using the Web of Science online database. We identified 9,000 publications, after the selection procedures, we analyzed the 467 remaining manuscripts. Of these, 34.26% were published between 1994 and 2004, and 65.74% between 2006 and 2016. The countries that contributed the most were the USA with 16.45%, Australia with 13.56% and China with 8.66%. Brazil contributed 6.9% of the publications. The recovery techniques using vegetation were the most reported in the literature and most used. The taxonomic group of terrestrial plants was the most cited and most used in the recovery of degraded areas. We found various techniques for recovering degraded areas can be established, but most of them did not show proper monitoring and without this the recovery processes may not achieve their objectives and studies that test the effect size of these recovery methods are still necessary.
An overview of IoT based intelligent irrigation systems for greenhouse: Recent trends and challenges
Authors: Ardiansah Irfan , Bafdal Nurpilihan , Bono Awang , Suryad Edy , Nurhasanah Siti
Published: July 2022

Food security is an issue that arises as a result of the rising population since population growth decreases agricultural land, leading to water scarcity. Agriculture requires large amounts of water, but water scarcity forces farmers to irrigate their crops with little or low-quality water, leading to the idea of developing smart irrigation. The challenge is how to manage the interactions between plants, growing media, microclimate, and water using manufactured systems. Good irrigation management will minimize the occurrence of poor irrigation design. This review is a way to present various methods and approaches for using sensors, controllers, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence in irrigation systems with a focus on improving water use efficiency. The study uses SCOPUS indexed publications and proceedings to study the evolution of irrigation information technology over the last eleven years. We hope this review can serve as a source of information to broaden the validity of the findings of irrigation monitoring and control technologies and help researchers identify future research directions on this subject.
Unsuppressed HIV infection impairs T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and abrogates T cell cross-recognition
Authors: Nkosi Thandeka , Chasara Caroline , Papadopoulos Andrea O , Nguni Tiza L , Karim Farina , Moosa Mahomed-Yunus S , Gazy Inbal , Jambo Kondwani ,   COMMIT-KZN-Team, Hanekom Willem , Sigal Alex , Ndhlovu Zaza M
Published: July 2022

In some instances, unsuppressed HIV has been associated with severe COVID-19 disease, but the mechanisms underpinning this susceptibility are still unclear. Here, we assessed the impact of HIV infection on the quality and epitope specificity of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses in the first wave and second wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in South Africa. Flow cytometry was used to measure T cell responses following peripheral blood mononuclear cell stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools. Culture expansion was used to determine T cell immunodominance hierarchies and to assess potential SARS-CoV-2 escape from T cell recognition. HIV-seronegative individuals had significantly greater CD4+ T cell responses against the Spike protein compared to the viremic people living with HIV (PLWH). Absolute CD4 count correlated positively with SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses (CD4 r=0.5, p=0.03; CD8 r=0.5, p=0.001), whereas T cell activation was negatively correlated with CD4+ T cell responses (CD4 r=−0.7, p=0.04). There was diminished T cell cross-recognition between the two waves, which was more pronounced in individuals with unsuppressed HIV infection. Importantly, we identify four mutations in the Beta variant that resulted in abrogation of T cell recognition. Taken together, we show that unsuppressed HIV infection markedly impairs T cell responses to SARS-Cov-2 infection and diminishes T cell cross-recognition. These findings may partly explain the increased susceptibility of PLWH to severe COVID-19 and also highlights their vulnerability to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
Clinicopathology of Middle Ear Tumours: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital, Hyderabad, India
Authors: Srivani Narala , Joyce Thamidala Mahitha
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Middle ear tumours are rare neoplasms that have nonspecific clinical presentation, otoscopic and imaging features and pose a diagnostic challenge. Most common neoplasm of middle ear are paraganglioma, schwannoma, haemangioma and middle ear adenoma. Aim: To analyse the relative incidence, clinical presentation and histopathological spectrum of neoplasms in the middle ear at a tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Department of Pathology at Government ENT Hospital (tertiary referral ENT Hospital), Hyderabad, Telangana, India, from July 2014 to June 2019. Total 26 cases of middle ear tumours both incisional or excisional biopsies of middle ear lesions from all age group both males and females with complete clinical details were included in the study. Clinical and histopathological data were analysed after processing the sections with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stains examined microscopically. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0 and mean, standard deviation and percentages were calculated. Results: In the present study, maximum patients 11 (42.3%) were in age group of 41 to 50 years with female preponderance 18 (69%). Mean age of the patients was 42.92±12.53 years. Out of a total of 26 cases, 20 cases were benign neoplasms and six cases were malignant. Most common side of presentation was right side. Most of the benign tumours occurred in the 5th decade and malignant tumours were common in the 6th decade. Paragangliomas/Glomustympanicum tumours were most common benign tumours followed by schwannoma, haemangioma and middle ear adenoma. Whereas among malignant tumour , squamous cell carcinoma was common. Conclusion: Middle ear tumours are relatively uncommon lesions presenting as mass in the ear, discharge, hearing loss, tinnitus and chronic suppurative otitis media. Benign tumours are more common than malignant tumours in the middle ear. Paraganglioma was the most common benign tumour encountered, followed by schwannomas, middle ear adenomas and haemangiomas. Middle ear tumours are rare and histologic analysis is essential for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
Underweight, Overweight and Anaemia among Persons Aged 60 years or Older Residing in an Urban Resettlement Colony of Delhi: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Goswami Anil Kumar , Sathiyamoorthy Ramadass , Kalaivani Mani , Kant Shashi , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Nutritional deficiencies are common among elderly person aged 60 years or older. Elderly persons suffer the dual burden of overnutrition and undernutrition. These nutritional disorders can be corrected if diagnosed and managed at the earliest. Aim: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with underweight, overweight, obesity and anaemia among elderly persons in an urban resettlement colony of Delhi, India. Materials and Methods: The present study was a crosssectional survey in which elderly persons who were residents of Dr Ambedkar Nagar, an urban resettlement colony in Dakshinpuri Extension of Delhi were recruited. The study period was from December 2019 to March 2020. A pretested semi-structured interview schedule was used to collect sociodemographic details. The anthropometric measurements, namely, height and weight were carried out as per standard practice. Capillary blood haemoglobin level was measured by a digital haemoglobinometer. Chi-square test for distribution and multivariable logistic regression for association were performed. Results: Data was collected from 959 participants, with a response rate of 91.2%. The prevalence (95%CI) of underweight, overweight and obesity were 15.5% (13.3, 18.0), 21.9% (19.3, 24.6) and 9.6% (7.7, 11.6), respectively. Persons aged 70 years or older and illiterate persons had increased chance of being underweight. Women had increased chance of being overweight or obese. The prevalence of anaemia among participants was 72.1% (95% CI 69.2% - 74.9%), using the cut-off of anaemia as haemoglobin levels <13 gm/dL in men, and <12 gm/dL in women. Conclusion: The prevalence of underweight, overweight/ obesity and anaemia among elderly persons in the study population was high. Community-based measures need to be taken to address them.
Constraints in Adoption of Intercropping in Horticultural Crops among Farmers of Haryana
Authors: Boora Sahil , Kaur Bas , Tyagi Rashmi , Manisha . , Rohit .
Published: July 2022

Intercropping can also be referred to as mixed cropping or Polyculture i.e., cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time. The present research was conducted in Haryana state to know the reasons for adoption as well as constraints in adoption of intercropping. The study was conducted in four districts of Haryana namely Bhiwani and Hisar from the dry zone and Karnal and Kaithal from the wet zone of Haryana. Further, two blocks were selected randomly from each district and from each block 15 respondents were selected randomly from clusters of villages. Hence, a total of 120 respondents were selected for the purpose of the study. The study revealed major constraints in adoption of intercropping by the farmers. No MSP for horticultural crops, lack of storage facilities, harvesting problems, expert management, labour intensive, uncompetitive price etc. as the major constraints to the farmers which could be the possible reasons for non-adoption of intercropping by the other farmers. This study recommends introducing of Minimum Support Price for horticultural crops and there should be facility of cold storage for horticultural produces of the farmers.
The Role of Profitability and Leverage in Mediation the Effect of Company Size on the Timeliness of Financial Reporting in the Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Abdullah Nor Chairudin , Sulistiyo Heru , Subchan .
Published: July 2022

Aims: This study is about the timeliness of financial reporting. It aims to analyse the profitability and leverage in mediating the effect of company size on the timeliness of financial reporting of Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) issuers in 2017-2019.

Study Design: The design of this research study is correlational.

Place and Duration of Study: Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) issuers in 2017-2019.

Methodology: Its population of all companies listed on IDX in 2017-2019, totalling 645 in 2017, 714 in 2018 and 792 in 2019. The sample was chosen intentionally for issuers who were not on time and simple random for issuers who were on time. The number of samples is 222, consisting of 98 who are not on time and 124 who are on time. The data type is secondary data, collected using documentation, while the data processing technique uses a structural equation model.

Results: The results show that the company's size significantly positively affects profitability. Firm size has a significant positive effect on leverage and the timeliness of financial reporting. Profitability has a significant positive effect on the timeliness of financial reporting. Profitability mediates a significant positive influence on company size on the timeliness of financial reporting. However, leverage has a significant positive effect on the timeliness of financial reporting. Leverage does not mediate the influence of company size on the timeliness of financial reporting.

Conclusion: This study supports the signalling theory in explaining the effect of firm size, profitability and leverage on the timeliness of financial reporting, as well as the role of profitability and leverage in mediating firm size on the timeliness of financial reporting.
A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Single Parents during the Pandemic
Authors: D. Hingpis Roselyn Ann , I. Rendora Rhealyn , J. Pacis Michelle Ann , Y. Fajardo Lea Mei , N. Toribio Lyka Jane , A. Fabi Maurine
Published: July 2022

The surge of the CoronaVirus (COVID-19) all over the world adversely affected all individuals, including single parents who belong to vulnerable groups. This study aimed to understand the lived experiences of single parents and describe their challenges during the pandemic. This study was done in the Philippines specifically in Eastern Visayas region 8 Tacloban City. The study utilized qualitative phenomenological research or descriptive phenomenology. Its purpose is to understand the lived experiences faced by single parents and describe the challenges they had encountered during the pandemic. The sampling method used in this study was a non-probability sampling. Precisely, it utilized a purposive sampling technique in which the researchers choose participants grounded on the criterion. The researchers openly used an inclusion criterion for selecting the participants. They must be (1) A single parent, (2) Employed or unemployed, (3) Living within the vicinity of Tacloban City, Philippines, and (4) 40-65 years old. The instrument used was in-depth interview method to collect data. The researchers chose semi-structured interviews, wherein the researchers ask an open-ended question to the chosen participants. The data was collected through a face-to-face interview by following the safety protocols during the interview. Moreover, the researchers initially gave an informed consent to the single parents to enlighten them about their participation in the study. Furthermore, the findings revealed two themes in our study: economic challenges and socio-psychological. Economic challenges were the common difficulties of while socio-psychological revealed as the coping strategies of single parents. Additionally, the researchers had three recommendations for further research for the future researchers, (1) to conduct a similar study in a different locale with a larger sample size, (2) different age group, and (3) and expand the target population that includes other genders which is also a single parent.
Legal Regulation on Cyberbullying of Children
Authors: Liang Zheni
Published: July 2022

With the prevalence of social networking sites, cyberbullying of children has intensified all over the world and caused serious social problems. Compared with traditional bullying, cyberbullying is more widespread, the methods are more diverse, and the harm to children is more persistent.To further legally regulate children's cyberbullying behavior, the relevant laws of China, the United States, and Japan were selected to investigate, to find out the common points of their laws on children's cyberbullying. The final paper proposes that the behavior of children's cyberbullying should be punished by law, and the correct guidance of society, schools, and families to children's use of the Internet should be strengthened.
Sensitivity of Selected Method of Estimation Based on the Lee-carter Model
Authors: S. Oyamakin Oluwafemi , Imaledo Regina
Published: July 2022

Efficiency and the unbiasedness structure of three method of estimation namely: the Weighted Least Square, Maximum Likelihood Estimation and the Method of Moment were examined in this study. Using three scenarios labelled as Case I, II & III; where Case I is model simulation based on the distributional properties of the Lee Carter model, Case II and III were majorly data contamination by self-inclusion of Outliers to the simulated dataset for High (Case II) and Low (Case III), respectively.  The behavioral patterns of the estimators were assessed at different sample sizes. Under Case I, it was noted that the larger the sample size n, the more the distribution tends to Normal but for Case II and III, the data gets inflated. The performance of each method of estimation was tested in accordance to the properties of estimators. MLE was best among the three estimators for the Lee Carter Model. The estimated parameters \(a_{x}\)  \(b_{x}\) and \(k_{t}\) were observed to approach the true parameter as the sample size increases.
Performance of Timely Sown Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Restricted Irrigation Conditions in the Eastrern Regions of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Kumar Mode Girish , C. Umesha , Prathyusha Gorla , Avinash Pulibandla
Published: July 2022

The field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2021-2022 genotypes at Wheat Breeding experimental Field, Naini Agriculture Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The Soil of the experimental plots was sandy loam in texture with neutral soil reaction (pH 6.7). The experiment was laid out with six genotypes (NERI-301, NERI-302, NERI-303, NERI-304, NERI-305 and NERI-306) in a Randomized Block Design with four replications. Study revealed that growth parameters viz., higher plant height (105.26cm), number of effective tillers/hill (10.00/hill), and plant dry weight (22.13 g/plant) were recorded significantly higher for the genotype NERI-305.For yield attributing parameters viz., number of effective tillers (6.55/hill), number of grains/spike (63.07/spike),and test weight (49.38 g) were significantly highest for the genotype NERI-304, and yield parameters viz, grain yield (4.74 t/ha), harvest index (41.52%) were recorded significantly higher for the genotype NERI-304. spike length (13.35 cm) and straw yield (6.69t/ha) were r significantly highest for the genotype NERI-301. From the above findings gross return (1,18,500.00 INR/ha), net return (82,314.00 INR/ha) and Benefit cost ratio (2.27) were significantly highest for the genotype NERI-304.The genotype NERI-304 was found to be more potential as well as economically viable and productive over rest of the  genotypes.
Comparative Study of Biofertilizer and Plant Extracts on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributing Traits of Field Pea (Pisum sativum)
Authors: Chandhana Mude Hari , Bara Bineeta Micheal
Published: July 2022

The field experiment was conducted to comparative analyze the effect of biofertilizer and plant extracts on growth, yield and yield attributing traits of field pea (Pisum Sativum L.)” was conducted during Rabi 2021 at field experimental centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (U.P). The soil of experimental plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.36%), available N (171.48 kg/ha), available P (15.2 kg/ha) and available K (232.5 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with thirteen treatments including control which were replicated thrice. The treatments are as follows, TO- Control, T1, T2, T3, - Rhizobium at the rate of 5%, 8%, 10%, T4, T5, T6 – Vermi wash at the rate of 5%, 8%, 10%, T7, T8, T9 – Neem leaf extract at the rate of 5%, 10%, 15% and T10, T11, T12 – Tulsi leaf extract at the rate of 5%, 10%, 15% respectively. The experiment results revealed that seeds treated with rhizobium at the rate of 8% gave better than other treatments viz, field emergence (87.47%), plant height (95.71 cm), days to 50% flowering (40.60), number of branches per plant (8.87), number of pods per plant (13.53), number of seeds per pod (8.47), seed yield per plant (24.88 g), seed yield per plot (746.50 g), biological yield (33.73 kg/ha), harvest index (73.48%) were recorded significantly higher compared to other treatments.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.). Moench) Genotypes using Principal Components and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Premkumar V. , Patil S. G. , Djanaguiraman M. , Sridevy S.
Published: July 2022

Aims: Understanding and using the genetic variation in sorghum genotypes is crucial for enhancing the crop because sorghum is a significant grain yield crop in worldwide. Selective breeding will be made possible by a thorough understanding of the genetic diversity among the genotypes. So, it will soon be possible to profile the genetic diversity of sorghum. In the current study, the genetic diversity of 28 sorghum genotypes was examined using 10 quantitative characters.

Study Design:  Randomized block design (RBD) with four replications.

Place and Duration of Study: Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Between February 2022 and May 2022.

Methodology: The descriptive statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis were carried out for each of the 10 quantitative characters. Using principal component analysis (PCA), the proportion of each trait's contribution to overall genetic variation was looked at. Plotting the first two Principal components in opposition to one another allowed the identification of patterns of variability among genotypes and characteristics. Using the Ward’s linkage approach, hierarchical clustering was carried out on the Euclidean distance matrix.

Results: Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows the significant genetic variability inherent in the sorghum genotype at 1% level of significance. Correlation revealed the connection between panicle width and 1000 seed weight to grain yield per plant was quite favorable and significant. The Scree plot of the variables gives that the first three Principal components (PC), which have eigenvalues greater than one, collectively explained about 74.15% of the total variation. By Biplot, ICSB 541, ICSV 15013, ICSB 52, ICSB 24001 and Macia show higher value of Panicle width, 1000 Seed weight and Grain yield per plant. B35 has considerably longer and wider leaves. By Cluster analysis, cluster II is important which had the greatest mean values for panicle width, 1000 seed weight and Grain yield per plant. Cluster II and III had the maximum intercluster distance (4.43).

Conclusion: Based on the quantitative character data, the genotypes ICSB 541 and ICSV 15013 were shown to be superior for earliness and high yield for grain yield in this study. Therefore, in order to produce better types, these genotypes should be utilized in subsequent breeding programmes.
Efficacy of Bio-agents and Neem Oil against Alternaria porri (Ellis) in Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Sindu Patthi Lakshmi , Tiwari Shashi , Govardhani Pottupalli , Supriya Veeragandham
Published: July 2022

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the important cultivated vegetable crops and can be grown in temperate, tropical and sub-tropical climates. It is the important vegetable and spice crop and known as “Queen of the kitchen”. Area, Production and Productivity on onion in India (2020-21) was 16.54 million ha, 26.92 million Tones and 19.40 t/ha. There are many diseases and pests affecting onion. Among the diseases, majorly purple blotch, downy mildew, Stemphylium blight and basal rot attacks the onion and among the pests, onion thrips, red spider mite, onion fly attacks the onion. Among them, purple blotch of onion is one of the most severe diseases, which is caused by Alternaria porri which causes heavy losses in the onion. The treatments viz., Trichoderma viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and neem oil were tested under field conditions against Alternaria porri during Zaid for their efficacy against the growth and disease parameters and an untreated plot will serve as control. At desired interval of days (45,60,75 DAT) readings were taken for growth parameters and disease intensity. Based on single trail, it was observed that among all treatments, seedling treatment with Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens + neem oil @ 5% showed the most significant results with maximum growth parameters and minimum disease intensity results followed by Trichoderma viride + Bacillus subtilis + neem oil @ 5% and the minimum growth parameters and maximum disease intensity was shown in untreated (control) plot.
Evaluation of Malaria Parasitaemia among COVID-19 Patients in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwalozie Rhoda , Onosakponome Orevaoghene Evelyn , Nnokam Brenda Anyakwe , Lenox-Prince Tamunonengiye-Ofori
Published: July 2022

This study was an exploratory prospective observational study in a cohort of patients on admission with COVID-19 in some health institutions in Nigeria. Patients within the age group of less than 25 years to greater than 50 years of age with PCR-confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, involved only those who gave consent. Ethical concern was highly upheld. Taro Yamman formula was used to determine the sample size of 400 and probability sampling technique used. Primary and secondary data sources were used. Clinical assessments and blood sample collected at one point in time following standard protocol according to WHO. Malaria diagnosis was done using microscopy through thin and thick film using Gemisha staining. All data were analyzed for descriptive statistics- frequency and percentage distributions and prevalence rates. Total malaria prevalence rate in the study was high 327 (81.8%) and in terms of severity the older age group (>50years) had high (84.8%) malaria parasitaemia. However, low parasiteamia 154 (38.5%) was common regardless of the age groups and formed the majority of malaria parasites detected while the high malaria parasitaemia was least with 59 (14.8%). The prevalence of COVID-19 co-infection with malaria was high as recorded in this study. The age group >50years had the highest number of COVID-19 patients with high malaria parasitemia. The study findings highlight the significance of understanding the possible medical and therapeutic implications of such overlapping co-infections in malaria endemic area with high morbidity burden. Routine Malaria screening and treatment should be an integral aspect of COVID-19 treatment regimen in malaria endemic region with much emphasis among the geriatrics. All malaria elimination programme and roll back malaria core values should be strengthened from vector control, to use of insecticide treated nets and others should be regularly practiced.
Socio-Cultural Factors and Competencies of Senior Staff in Public Universities: The Hierarchical Mediation Role of Staff Satisfaction and Sense of Belonging
Authors: Saani Abdul-Jaleel
Published: July 2022

The study examined the influence of socio-cultural factors of public universities on senior staff competencies, taking into consideration the hierarchical mediation role of staff satisfaction and sense of belongingness. The design employed was descriptive cross-sectional survey. A recommended sample of 356 permanent staff was obtained from a population of 3,159 permanent senior staff of three autonomous public universities in Ghana. After selecting three premium universities, one from each of the zones in Ghana, purposively, the proportional and computer random sampling procedures were used to select the senior staff. A questionnaire was the instrument used. In order to test the stated hypotheses, the data were analysed using statistical tools such as hierarchical multiple regression cum mediation analyses. The study found that socio-cultural factors such as social networks, reward/ promotion, discrimination free culture, orientation, control/power, roles/responsibilities and work value systems have weak influence on staff competencies. However, the influence becomes strong when staff satisfaction in the socio-cultural factors is considered sequentially. It is, therefore, recommended to head of departments, support units and central administration of the universities to ensure that there is even-handedness work environment with supportive social networking among all members of the university. This can be done through biannual organisation of inter-staff and inter-departmental social re-orientation activities and re-familiarisation parties with sporting, gaming and funfair activities. This intervention can be used as an administrative support system to help boost staff happiness.
An Overview of Pharmacological Efficacy and Chemical Moieties of Strobilanthes ciliata Nees. (Acanthaceae)
Authors: Prakash Anusree , Nishtha .
Published: July 2022

The expensive modern drugs have been replaced by medicinal plants these days. Strobilanthes ciliata Nees as called “Sahachara” is mainly used in the Indian system of drug and medicine and has shown biochemical activities that are – anti-microbial, anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic. In ayurvedic preparation roots and leaf of the Strobilanthes is a main ingredient which removes of inflammation and pain, compounds such as betulin, lupeol, stigmasterol, stigmasterol glycosides etc. has been reported from the stem extract. The major component present in the plant’s various parts is lupeol, which has a broad pharmacological potential. The phytoconstituents or the phytochemicals along with biological activities contribute for the medicinal importance of this plant. This review paper tends to cover information available on various studies of medicinal values and chemical constituents of S. ciliate Nees.
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion as a Presenting Feature Caused by Hypertensive Crisis Secondary to IgA Nephropathy in a Previously Undiagnosed Young Patient
Authors: Tekade Pradeep , Bulchandani Prashant , Wairagade Nikhilesh
Published: July 2022

We present a case of Ischemic Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) caused by hypertension secondary to renal failure in IgA nephropathy. A 17 year old male came with chief complaints of sudden painless diminution of vision in RE since 15 days. On examination the Right eye showed multiple superficial retinal haemorrhages in all 4 quadrents with dilated veins and cystoid macular edema suggestive of CRVO and Left eye showed superficial flame shaped haemorrhage suggestive of grade 3 hypertensive changes.
Preventive Medication for COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Malani Angela G. , Malani Anurag N.
Published: July 2022

This JAMA Patient Page describes the combination medication tixagevimab-cilgavimab, which is used to help prevent COVID-19 infection in people with immunosuppression or who have had a COVID-19 vaccine reaction.
A Multifunctional Radiated Patterned Surface for Fog Collection, Oil/Water Separation, and Interfacial Floatability
Authors: Song Yun‐Yun , Zhang Zhong‐Qiang , Cheng Guang‐Gui , Liu Yan , Ding Jian‐Ning
Published: July 2022

Multifunctional patterned surfaces with special wettability appeal to many researchers because of their potential applications in fog collection, microfluidics, and medical devices. To realize these functions and extend the corresponding application scopes, this article reports a multifunctional superhydrophobic radiated pattern on different wetting surfaces. Intriguingly, the hydrophilic surface with radiated pattern can quickly drive tiny water droplets toward more wetting regions, where water droplets move from center to the edge of a circle with a fog collection rate of about 3.075 g cm−2 h. However, the superhydrophobic surface with the radiated pattern triggers water to move from the edge to the center of a circle and achieves reverse transport. Importantly, the superhydrophobic surface can absorb oil and act as a micro‐reactor to realize oil/water separation. The surface can be transformed to be superhydrophilic by oxygen plasma etching and then recovers the superhydrophobicity by laser etching, which convinces the excellent restoration capacity. Furthermore, the surface composed of a superhydrophobic upper surface and a hydrophobic lower surface shows improved interfacial floatability. The findings offer a novel insight into the design of a multifunctional surface that not only enhances the fog collection but also realizes reverse liquid transport, and oil/water separation.
Ultrafine Nanocrystals SnS2 Confined on the Inner Wall of Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres with Hybrid Storage Mechanism for High‐Performance Li+/Na+ Batteries
Authors: Xu Lin , Wu Xiaoyu , Wang Jianhua , Dong Yan , Wang Denggui , Wang Rui , Han Jie , Lv Rongguan , Chen Ming
Published: July 2022

SnS2 has a large volume change and unstable structure during charging and discharging, seriously hindering its application in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, ultrafine nanocrystals SnS2 are confined to the inner wall of hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (HMCNS) by one‐step hydrothermal reaction for the first time, forming a special hollow structure with buffer volume effect. After a series of electrochemical analyses, the composite not only displays preeminent long cyclic stability and excellent rate performance, but also shows a hybrid storage mechanism. When used as the anode for LIBs, SnS2@HMCNS maintains a superior capacity of 755 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1 and at 2 A g−1, the capacity is 547.8 mAh g−1. Besides, adopted as the anode of SIBs, SnS2@HMCNS exhibits a capacity of 254.5 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1, far exceeding that of pure SnS2. The outstanding electrochemical performance is owed to the ultrafine nanocrystals SnS2 adhered to the inner wall of HMCNS, which prevents stacking and increases the active lithium/sodium storage sites. Additionally, the large cavity of HMCNS can provide sufficient buffer space for SnS2 in the process of ion embedding/stripping, optimizing the structural stability of the composite.
Smarter and Greener Cities After COVID‐19: An Integrated Decision‐Making Framework to Prioritize Investment Alternatives
Authors: Longsheng Cheng , Shah Syed Ahsan Ali
Published: July 2022

Locking down cities to curb the transmission of coronavirus brought the global economy to a grinding halt. Cities are like engines of growth; when they stop, so does the growth. Therefore, it becomes paramount to build cities that continue to function and do not collapse amidst any crisis. Since economic recovery is underway, this paper examines priority areas for investment to expedite recovery and build back stronger cities. These areas are evaluated based on their contribution to revitalizing public health, economic, social, energy, and environmental sectors. For the analysis, analytical network process (ANP) and fuzzy‐VIKOR are applied. ANP obtains the relative importance of sectors and their respective critical factors after solving a complex relationship among them. The economic sector has the highest weight of 25.8% among the five sectors, while job creation has the highest weight of 10.3% among the fifteen factors. Fuzzy‐VIKOR is used to evaluate different areas and it is found that renewable energy has a greater contribution to the sustainable recovery of major sectors and the long‐term aim of building inclusive green and resilient cities. These insights shall contribute to the conversations already ongoing among city governments, urban planners, civil society organizations, and city dwellers seeking practical solutions to unprecedented challenges posed by the pandemic.
Electrocatalytic Self‐Supported‐Electrode Based on CoxNi1‐xP/TiC0.5N0.5 for Enhancing pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis
Authors: Shao Haojie , Wu Yutong , Xu Xin , Xian Yuxi , Shi Yangyang , Wang Feihong , Lv Kai , Tan Chuntian , Hao Luyuan , Dong Binbin , Agathopoulos Simeon
Published: July 2022

The industrial application of powder‐based catalytic electrodes is heavily restricted by powder shedding, inhibition of active sites, and poor long‐term stability. Herein, a porous titanium carbonitride (TiC0.5N0.5) ceramic substrate with open straight finger‐like holes is first made by a simple approach of phase‐inversion tape‐casting and pressureless sintering, and then a CoxNi1‐xP active layer is in situ formed by a hydrothermal technique and phosphorization to achieve integrated CoxNi1‐xP/TiC0.5N0.5 self‐supported ceramic electrodes. Electrochemical tests reveal that the optimized Co0.9Ni0.1P/TiC0.5N0.5 electrode exhibits overpotentials of 76.5 and 79.8 mV at 10 mA cm−2, Tafel slopes of 47.3 and 40.5 mV dec−1, in 0.5 m H2SO4 and 1 m KOH, respectively. Furthermore, its superior long‐term stability and resistance to corrosion can be achieved for more than 20 h in both media at 100 mA cm−2. In addition, the Co0.9Ni0.1P/TiC0.5N0.5 electrode has much better performance than Pt/C at high current density in neutral media. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the Ni substitution of 1/10 Co in CoP leads to the more optimal |ΔGH*| among the CoxNi1‐xP catalysts. Compared with other CoP or NiP‐based electrodes, the Co0.9Ni0.1P/TiC0.5N0.5 electrode benefits from high strength, unique pore structure, tight and compatible bonding, and high hydrophilicity.
Watermelon Pulp Templated Polypyrrole for Solar Steam Generation with High Photothermal Conversion Efficiency
Authors: Wang Heng , Liu Shijie , He Yujian , Tian Xiangxin , Liu Jingquan
Published: July 2022

Efficient utilization of solar energy for solar steam generation is an effective way to tackle the shortage of fresh water resources. However, the utilization of solar steam evaporators often suffers from a series of problems, such as high cost, complex processes, and low conversion rate, which seriously hinders the development of solar steam devices. Here, a polypyrrole/watermelon pulp (WPPY) evaporator, which is based on soaking freeze‐dried lumpy watermelon pulp (WP) in pyrrole solution, initiating polymerization in the ice bath, followed by heat‐treatment to achieve an efficient solar steam generation (SSG) device, is designed and produced. The WPPY with a pyrrole to WP mass ratio of 1:2 (WPPY‐3) exhibits a developed porous structure, superior hydrophilicity, relatively small thermal conductivity (0.0375 W m−1 K−1, a simple one‐step fabrication process, and superior light absorption (94.7%). Its evaporation rate reaches 1.64 kg m−2 h−1 without additional insulation, while the light‐to‐heat conversion efficiency reaches 96.1% under one solar irradiation (1 kW m−2) at the same time. Additionally, it also shows good durability. This environmentally friendly and stable photothermal conversion composite material that shows good cycle stability has great potential for applications in seawater desalination via SSG.
Wood Scrolls as Highly Efficient All‐Day Steam Generators
Authors: Sohn Bokyeong , Song Minjae , Choi Jihun , Jeon Sangmin
Published: July 2022

A novel all‐day evaporator in the form of a scroll is developed by rolling a thin layer of wood. Two different wood layers are used to fabricate a wood scroll with diagonal natural water channels (d‐WS) and a wood scroll with parallel natural water channels (p‐WS). Because only diagonal channels allow water transport across the wood layer, d‐WS exhibits good lateral water transport, whereas p‐WS exhibits poor lateral water transport. The gap channels (i.e., spaces between the overlapping wood layers) facilitate vertical water transport in both d‐WS and p‐WS. The synergistic effect of the gap channels and diagonal channels in d‐WS allows for a uniform water flow and sufficient water transport to the top and side surfaces, thus simultaneously increasing evaporation performance and salt resistance. The total evaporation rate of water of d‐WS is 9.08 kg m−2 h−1 in the absence of wind, which increases to 37.95 kg m−2 h−1 in the presence of 2 m s−1 wind. These evaporation rates are among the highest values ever reported under similar conditions. The evaporation rate of d‐WS does not deteriorate even after 5 d, demonstrating the possibility of long‐term operation.
Critical appraisal on mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Sachdeva Punya
Published: July 2022

It is widely recognized that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common type of progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results in cognitive impairment over time. Approximately 152 million cases of AD are predicted to be reported by 2050. Amyloid plaques and tau proteins are two major hallmarks of AD which can be seen under electron microscope. Mitochondria plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of AD and mitochondria disruption leads to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) dysfunction, alteration of mitochondria dependent Ca2+ homeostasis, copper dysfunction, immune cell dysfunction, etc. In this review, we try to cover all the mechanisms related with mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial pathogenesis that may help us to better understand AD as well as open a new era for therapeutic target of AD and treat this progressive disease.
Unveiling the potential of MXenes for H2 purification and CO2 capture as an emerging family of nanomaterials
Authors: Massoumılari Şirin , Doğancı Melih , Velioğlu Sadiye
Published: July 2022

MXenes have gained deep interest in various applications since the discovery of their first member, Ti3C2Tx, in 2011 due to their exceptional properties. They are accepted as promising candidates for gas separation applications. Here, we aimed to identify CO2/H2 adsorption‐based separation performances of blooming MXene family including 730 members under various process conditions via molecular simulations. We reported that 62% and 83% of MXenes revealed percent regenerability (R%) >90% for single gas adsorption under pressure and vacuum swing adsorption conditions, respectively while these percentages reached 98% and 95% with the increase in interlayer distance. Ti0.4Nb1.6C, V2Ti2C3, Ti2VC2, and Ti1.2Nb0.8C are best MXenes in single gas adsorption whereas for CO2/H2:25/75 mixture, top MXenes dominantly consist of Cr, Mo, and W. We reported an online MXene database (https://mem-ces.com/mxenes/) which covers simulated adsorbent metrics of MXenes for CO2/H2 separations. Examining this MXene database would be beneficial to conceptually understand MXene design for CO2/H2 separation.
Postnatal microcephaly and retinal involvement expand the phenotype of RPL10‐related disorder
Authors: Cappuccio Gerarda , De Bernardi Margherita Lucia , Morlando Alessia , Peduto Cristina , Scala Iris , Pinelli Michele , Bellacchio Emanuele , Gallo Flavio Gioele , Magli Adriano , Plaitano Carmen , Serrano Mercedes , Pías Leticia , Català Jaume , Bolasell Mercè , Torella Annalaura , Nigro Vincenzo , Zanni Ginevra , Brunetti‐Pierri Nicola
Published: July 2022

Hemizygous missense variants in the RPL10 gene encoding a ribosomal unit are responsible for an X‐linked syndrome presenting with intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, dysmorphic features, and multiple congenital anomalies. Among 15 individuals with RPL10‐related disorder reported so far, only one patient had retinitis pigmentosa and microcephaly was observed in approximately half of the cases. By exome sequencing, three Italian and one Spanish male children, from three independent families, were found to carry the same hemizygous novel missense variant p.(Arg32Leu) in RPL10, inherited by their unaffected mother in all cases. The variant, not reported in gnomAD, is located in the 28S rRNA binding region, affecting an evolutionary conserved residue and predicted to disrupt the salt‐bridge between Arg32 and Asp28. In addition to features consistent with RPL10‐related disorder, all four boys had retinal degeneration and postnatal microcephaly. Pathogenic variants in genes responsible for inherited retinal degenerations were ruled out in all the probands. A novel missense RPL10 variant was detected in four probands with a recurrent phenotype including ID, dysmorphic features, progressive postnatal microcephaly, and retinal anomalies. The presented individuals suggest that retinopathy and postnatal microcephaly are clinical clues of RPL10‐related disorder, and at least the retinal defect might be more specific for the p.(Arg32Leu) RPL10 variant, suggesting a specific genotype/phenotype correlation.
Prenatal phenotyping: A community effort to enhance the Human Phenotype Ontology
Authors: Dhombres Ferdinand , Morgan Patricia , Chaudhari Bimal P. , Filges Isabel , Sparks Teresa N. , Lapunzina Pablo , Roscioli Tony , Agarwal Umber , Aggarwal Shagun , Beneteau Claire , Cacheiro Pilar , Carmody Leigh C. , Collardeau‐Frachon Sophie , Dempsey Esther A. , Dufke Andreas , Duyzend Michael Henri , el Ghosh Mirna , Giordano Jessica L. , Glad Ragnhild , Grinfelde Ieva , Iliescu Dominic G. , Ladewig Markus S. , Munoz‐Torres Monica C. , Pollazzon Marzia , Radio Francesca Clementina , Rodo Carlota , Silva Raquel Gouveia , Smedley Damian , Sundaramurthi Jagadish Chandrabose , Toro Sabrina , Valenzuela Irene , Vasilevsky Nicole A. , Wapner Ronald J. , Zemet Roni , Haendel Melissa A , Robinson Peter N.
Published: July 2022

Technological advances in both genome sequencing and prenatal imaging are increasing our ability to accurately recognize and diagnose Mendelian conditions prenatally. Phenotype‐driven early genetic diagnosis of fetal genetic disease can help to strategize treatment options and clinical preventive measures during the perinatal period, to plan in utero therapies, and to inform parental decision‐making. Fetal phenotypes of genetic diseases are often unique and at present are not well understood; more comprehensive knowledge about prenatal phenotypes and computational resources have an enormous potential to improve diagnostics and translational research. The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has been widely used to support diagnostics and translational research in human genetics. To better support prenatal usage, the HPO consortium conducted a series of workshops with a group of domain experts in a variety of medical specialties, diagnostic techniques, as well as diseases and phenotypes related to prenatal medicine, including perinatal pathology, musculoskeletal anomalies, neurology, medical genetics, hydrops fetalis, craniofacial malformations, cardiology, neonatal‐perinatal medicine, fetal medicine, placental pathology, prenatal imaging, and bioinformatics. We expanded the representation of prenatal phenotypes in HPO by adding 95 new phenotype terms under the Abnormality of prenatal development or birth (HP:0001197) grouping term, and revised definitions, synonyms, and disease annotations for most of the 152 terms that existed before the beginning of this effort. The expansion of prenatal phenotypes in HPO will support phenotype‐driven prenatal exome and genome sequencing for precision genetic diagnostics of rare diseases to support prenatal care.