bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activities of Haji Ibrahim Gasimov in the “Igbal” newspaper
Authors: Agayarova Afag E.
Published: November 2020

The study reviews the activities of one of the leading authors of the “Igbal” newspaper, Haji Ibrahim Gasimov. In his works, the publicist covered the most important socio-political and socio-cultural problems of his time, expressed his attitude to them and conducted analytical work on their generalization and forecasting. He lived in turbulent times, where global problems affected not only the country, but all of humanity. All of them, having passed through the filter of G. Gasimov’s pen, appeared on the pages of “Igbal”. Addressing the leading issues of the time, such as the promotion of education and culture, instilling a national spirit in people, Islam, religion and politics, the ongoing political processes, and the protection of women’s rights, the publicist ac-tively wrote in every issue of the newspaper about ignorance, religious fanaticism, and the need to protect women’s rights. He persevered against oppression, not as an ordinary citizen, but as a force that could influence the course of events, which at the same time changed their course, he could direct them. This fighting can be clearly seen in his works published by “Igbal” in almost every issue. The workes, which are almost a century old, are relevant and have not lost their value to this day. They played an exceptional role in shaping public opinion, spreading science and culture. This process is influenced by the deep observation of the publicist, as well as by his patriotic, effective civic position.
KOMUNIKASI PENDIDIKAN MELALUI PELATIHAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN DI WILAYAH TINGGAL MAHASISWA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Setianti Yanti , Subekti Priyo , Permana Rangga Saptya Mohamad , Budiana Heru Ryanto
Published: November 2020

Kehilangan pekerjaan, menurunnya pendapatan dan berubahnya sistem pembelajaran adalah persoalan yang dihadapi masyarakat pada masa pandemi COVID-19 yang bisa berimbas kepada mereka yang mempunyai anak mahasiswa. Salah satu upaya menumbuhkan kesadaran untuk bertahan ditengah suasana pendemi ini adalah  mencoba menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan bagi masyarakat khususnya mahasiswa dengan melaksanakan komunikasi pendidikan melalui pelatihan kewirausahaan sehingga mereka bisa memulai usaha yang bisa menghasilkan pendapatan untuk membantu orang tuanya membiayai uang kuliah dan kehidupan sehari hari. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang kewirausahaan, keterampilan mahasiswa membuat perencanaan kewirausahaan dan keterampilan mahasiswa melakukan kewirausahaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif yaitu memberi gambaran mengenai pengetahuan,perencanaan dan pelaksanaan kewirausahaan oleh mahasiswa di pulau Jawa dan Bali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan setelah dilakukan kegiatan pelatihan pengetahuan mahasiswa mengenai kewirausahaan  menjadi meningkat, dari yang tidak tahu sama sekali mengenai wirausaha menjadi tahu apa yang dimaksud dengan kewirausahaan. Keterampilan mahasiswa dalam merencanakan kewirausaha meningkat, dari yang tidak mengerti sama sekali mengenai perencanaan wirausaha menjadi mengerti dan mempraktikkan perencanaan wirausaha. Keterampilan mahasiswa mengenai pelaksanaan wirausaha meningkat, dari yang tidak pernah membayangkan suatu saat mereka akan bisa wirausaha menjadi terbayangkan bagaimana nantinya kalau mereka jadi pengusaha.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMK DAN SMA NEGERI SE KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Ikawati Diyah Chandra
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: 1) pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasionalkepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas. 2) pengaruhkepemimpinan transaksional kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri seKabupaten Banyumas. 3) pengaruh kepemimpinan laizes faire kepala sekolah terhadap kinerjaguru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas. 4) pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadapkinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas. 5) pengaruh kepemimpinantransformasional kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se KabupatenBanyumas dengan iklim organisasi sebagai variabel mediasi. 6) pengaruh kepemimpinantransaksional kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se KabupatenBanyumas dengan iklim organisasi sebagai variabel mediasi. 7) pengaruh kepemimpinan laizesfaire kepala sekolah tehadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas denganiklim organisasi sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei denganpopulasi guru SMK dan SMA Negeri Se Kabupaten Banyumas sebanyak 1.116 orang. Sampelpenelitian sebanyak 294 guru yang bersertifikasi diambil dengan teknik purposive proportionalrandom sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear dan pemediasian. Hasilpenelitian diperoleh kesimpulan: 1) Kepemimpinan transformasional mempunyai pengaruh positifterhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas. 2) Kepemimpinantransaksional mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri seKabupaten Banyumas. 3) Kepemimpinan laizes faire tidak mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadapkinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas. 4) Iklim organisasi mempunyaipengaruh positif terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas. 5) Iklimorganisasi memediasi pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah terhadap kinerjaguru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas. 6) Iklim organisasi memediasi pengaruhkepemimpinan transaksional kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri seKabupaten Banyumas. 7) Iklim organisasi tidak memediasi pengaruh kepemimpinan laizes fairekepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru SMK dan SMA Negeri se Kabupaten Banyumas.
PENINGKATAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI MELALUI KONSELING KELOMPOK BAGI SISWA KELAS XI TARI SMK NEGERI 3 BANYUMAS TAHUN PELAJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Turahmi Eni
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan percaya diri siswa kelas XI Tari di SMK Negeri 3Banyumas, untuk peningkatan percayan diri siswa melalui Konseling Kelompok. Jenis penelitianini adalah PTK kolaboratif dengan subyek penelitian siswa kelas XI Tari SMK Negeri 3Banyumas yang berjumlah 33 siswa. Dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus tindakan. Instrumenmenggunakan instrumen penelitian skala psikologis percaya diri, lembar observasi aktivitas gurukonseling kelompok.Validitas instrumen pada penelitian ini menggunakan validasi yaitukonsultasi dengan pihak ahli yaitu Prof. Dr.Sugiyo. Indikator keberhasilan percaya diri siswayaitu75,52% termasuk pada kategori tinggi. Dilaksanakan empat tahapan konseling kelompokyaitu tahap permulaan, tahap transisi/peralihan, tahap kegiatan dan tahap pengakhiran. Hasilperolehan data awal sebesar 59,22%, siklus I mencapai kategori sedang 69,17%. Hasil ini belummemenuhi sehingga melakukan siklus II. Hasilnya menjadi 75,52% berdasarkan skala sikap. Hasiltelah mencapai kriteria keberhasilan sehingga tindakan dihentikan pada siklus tersebut.
TANTANGAN PENGAJARAN MATERI GEOGRAFI BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH LANJUTAN
Authors: Nurbadri Dodi , Arifin Ade Nur , Athiroh Etty
Published: November 2020

Sebagai seorang pengajar, guru memiliki tantangan tersendiri dalam mengajar, terlebih jikapenunjang pengajaran belum tersedia secara lengkap di sekolah. Pelajaran Geografi merupakanpelajaran yang diberikan pada siswa tingkaat SMP maupun SMA. Pada mata pelajaran ini, guruacap kali mengalami beberapa tantanganyang membutuhkan kreativitas khusus untukmengatasinya. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenaitantangan pengajaran materi geografi bagi siswa sekolah lanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakanstudi deskriptif melalui cara pengumpulan data melalui teknik wawancara dan observasi. Adapunhasil yang diperoleh adalah, terdapat beberapa materi dalam pelajaran Geografi yang dianggapmemiliki tantangan khusus di mata guru budang, tantangan yang ditemukan meliputi materi ajartertentu yang relatif banyak, beririsan dengan materi lain, membutuhkan teknik penghitungn,ketidaktersedian alat peraga dan penunjang pembelajaran, masih kurangnya literasi dan sumberajar. Sedangkan cara yang telah dilakukan untuk mengatasi tantangan tersebut antara lain:mengajak siswa untuk kreatif membuat alat peraga mandiri, menggunakan teknik pembelajaranyang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan, serta mengoptimalkan teknologi informasi walaupun masihdalam kondisi terbatas.
INTERAKSI DALAM KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER SISWA DI SMKN 1 PURWOKERTO
Authors: Rosmiasih Rosmiasih
Published: November 2020

Karakter remaja dapat dibentuk melalui interaksi di antara siswa-siswa dalam lingkungan sekolah.Salah satu media yang digunakan adalah melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Interaksi dalamkelompok ekstrakurikuler akan berjalan secara terus menerus. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler juga akanberfungsi untuk mengubah siswa ekstrakurikuler dapat berjalan sesuai dengan komunikasiinstruksional yang tepat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Teknikyang dilakukan dalam mengumpulkan data melalui observasi dan wawancara. Selain wawancaramaka peneliti melakukan pengamatan tentang bentuk interaksi secara verbal dan nonverbal siswadidik ketika latihan rutin kegiatan ekstrakurikuler bola basket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa fungsi komunikasi instruksional terpenuhi melalui interaksi antara pelatih dan siswa didikdalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Fungsi interaksi seringkali menekankan pada aspek motivasisehingga siswa didik memiliki kemauan tinggi untuk terus berlatih, dengan begitu secara tidaklangsung berpengaruh pada masa pembentukan karakter siswa didik. Kegiatan ekstrakurikuler inimembantu siswa didik untuk memiliki karakter yang positif.
Tutorial on EM Algorithm
Authors: Nguyen Loc
Published: November 2020

Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a popular method for parameter estimation in both applied probability and statistics but MLE cannot solve the problem of incomplete data or hidden data because it is impossible to maximize likelihood function from hidden data. Expectation maximum (EM) algorithm is a powerful mathematical tool for solving this problem if there is a relationship between hidden data and observed data. Such hinting relationship is specified by a mapping from hidden data to observed data or by a joint probability between hidden data and observed data. In other words, the relationship helps us know hidden data by surveying observed data. The essential ideology of EM is to maximize the expectation of likelihood function over observed data based on the hinting relationship instead of maximizing directly the likelihood function of hidden data. Pioneers in EM algorithm proved its convergence. As a result, EM algorithm produces parameter estimators as well as MLE does. This tutorial aims to provide explanations of EM algorithm in order to help researchers comprehend it. Moreover some improvements of EM algorithm are also proposed in the tutorial such as combination of EM and third-order convergence Newton-Raphson process, combination of EM and gradient descent method, and combination of EM and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.
Personal Characteristics and Performance of Pilot in the Indonesian Naval Aviation Center: Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Priyono Hadi , Iswati Sri , Trisliatanto Dimas , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: November 2020

Facing the tasks and challenges going forward, a pilot of the Indonesian Naval Aviation Center was required to be brave in taking risks, especially in carrying out its main tasks, so it was expected that a pilot of the Indonesian Naval Aviation Center had intelligence, especially in finding appropriate solutions and alternatives to address every task challenges dynamics in situations that often changed quickly. The purpose of this study was to identify the personal character and performance that should be owned by the pilot of the Indonesian Naval Aviation Center. This research used a qualitative approach with a contextual and constructional meta-analysis study method. The results of this meta-analysis study concluded that in line with the essence of personal character that is defined as the personal aspects of a work that allows workers to achieve superior performance. These personal aspects include nature, emotive-motives, value systems, attitudes, knowledge, and skills, where the personal character would produce an optimal performance on a pilot of the Indonesian Naval Aviation Center.
Traditional Folk Media for Environmental Communication and Preservation in Guna Community, Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Bayable Destaw
Published: November 2020

This study focused on the assessment of folk media aimed at Environmental Communication (EC) in the Guna Community and suggested the dominant Guna Community folk media for environmental communication and preservation to conserve Mount Guna. Guna Mount is the home of different biodiversity and the tower of water, but it is becoming degraded. Folk media are operative in environmental communication and preservation. They have the power to transmitted environmental messages that incorporate cultural values, beliefs, and attitudes with societal needs. Folk media are locally oriented, easily accessible, flexible, portable, inclusive, and relatively inexpensive. A qualitative research approach was employed for this research. Ethnographic research design, snowball, and purposive sampling techniques were used to select the respondents. The researchers were gathered the data through in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and observation. For this survey, 16 FGDs, 45 individual in-depth interviews, and participant observation were employed. Guna community has unique and indigenous folk media that use as a source of entertainment, information, and education. Their folk music, songs, dances, campfire storytelling, traditional motifs, fairs, and festivals, and folk poems are the dominants. Using folk media for operative ecology preservation is vital in the form of EC that inspires and develops positive behavior in the community by educating about environmentalism in the method of facilitating environmental issues incorporating the latest message. Finally, we recommended some folk media for developmental activities that use inform of advocacy regarding recommended reasons
Application of Reflectance Ratios on High-Resolution Satellite Imagery to Remotely Identify Eucalypt Vegetation
Authors: Baranowski Kelsee , Taylor Teairah , Lambert Brian , Bharti Nita
Published: November 2020

The scale and accessibility of passive global surveillance have rapidly increased over time. This provides an opportunity to calibrate the performance of models, algorithms, and reflectance ratios between remote sensing devices. Here we test the sensitivity and specificity of Eucalypt chlorophyll-a reflectance ratio (ECARR) and Eucalypt chlorophyll-b reflectance ratio (ECBRR) to remotely identify eucalypt vegetation in Queensland, Australia. We compare reflectance ratio values from Sentinel-2 and Planet imagery across four sites of known vegetation composition. All imagery was transformed to reflectance values and Planet imagery was additionally scaled to harmonize across Planet Scenes. ECARR can identify eucalypt vegetation remotely with high sensitivity, but shows low specificity and is impacted by the density of the vegetation. ECBRR reflectance ratios show similar sensitivity and specificity when identifying eucalypt vegetation but with values an order of magnitude smaller than ECARR. We find that ECARR was better at identifying eucalypt vegetation in the Sentinel-2 imagery than Planet imagery. ECARR can serve as a general chlorophyll indicator but is not a specific index to identify Eucalyptus vegetation with certainty.
Admixture Analysis Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing Reveals Genetic Relatedness and Parental Lineage Distribution in Highbush Blueberry Genotypes and Cross Derivatives
Authors: Kulkarni Krishnanand P. , Vorsa Nicholi , Natarajan Purushothaman , Elavarthi Sathya , Iorizzo Massimo , Reddy Umesh K. , Melmaiee Kalpalatha
Published: November 2020

Blueberries (Vaccinium section Cyanococcus) are perennial shrubs widely cultivated for their edible fruits. In this study, we used admixture and genetic relatedness analysis of northern highbush (NHB, V. corymbosum) and southern highbush (SHB, V. darrowii) blueberry genotypes and F2 progenies of the V. corymbosum × V. darrowii cross. Using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), we generated ~3.34 billion reads (75 bp). The GBS reads were aligned to the Vaccinium corymbosum cv. Draper v1.0 reference genome sequence, and ~2.8 million reads were successfully mapped. From the alignments, we identified 2,244,039 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were used for principal component, haplotype, and admixture analysis. PCA formed three main groups: 1) NHB cultivars, 2) SHB cultivars, and 3) BNJ16-5 progenies. The overall fixation index (FST) and nucleotide diversity for NHB and SHB, indicated wide genetic differentiation, and haplotype analysis revealed that SHB cultivars are more genetically diverse than NHB cultivars. The admixture analysis identified a mix of various lineages of parental genomic introgression. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of GBS-derived SNP markers in genetic and admixture analyses to reveal genetic relatedness and to examine parental lineages in blueberry, which may be useful for future breeding plans.
Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Urban Light Emissions: Ground and Satellite Comparison
Authors: Bustamante-Calabria Máximo , Sánchez De Miguel Alejandro , Martín-Ruiz Susana , Ortiz J. L. , Vílchez J. M. , Pelegrina Alicia , García Antonio , Zamorano Jaime , Bennie Jonathan , Gaston Kevin J.
Published: November 2020

’Lockdown’ periods in response to COVID-19 have provided a unique opportunity to study the impacts of economic activity on environmental pollution (e.g. NO2, aerosols, noise, light). The effects on NO2 and aerosols have been very noticeable and readily demonstrated, but that on light pollution has proven challenging to determine. The main reason for this difficulty is that the primary source of nighttime satellite imagery of the earth is the SNPP-VIIRS/DNB instrument, which acquires data late at night after most human nocturnal activity has already occurred and much associated lighting has been turned off. Here, to analyze the effect of lockdown on urban light emissions, we use ground and satellite data for Granada, Spain, during the COVID-19 induced confinement of the city’s population from March 14 until May 31, 2020. We find a clear decrease in light pollution due both to a decrease in light emissions from the city and to a decrease in anthropogenic aerosol content in the atmosphere which resulted in less light being scattered. A clear correlation between the abundance of PM10 particles and sky brightness is observed, such that the more polluted the atmosphere the brighter the urban night sky. An empirical expression is determined that relates PM10 particle abundance and sky brightness at three different wavelength bands.
Optimization of the Mix Formulation of Geopolymer using Nickel-laterite Mine Waste and Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Longos Alberto Jr , Tigue April Anne , Dollente Ithan Jessemar , Malenab Roy Alvin , Bernardo-Arugay Ivyleen , Hinode Hirofumi , Kurniawan Winarto , Promentilla Michael Angelo
Published: November 2020

Geopolymer cement has been popularly studied nowadays compared to ordinary Portland cement but has demonstrated superior environmental advantages due to its lower carbon emissions and waste material utilization. Several studies on geopolymers have utilized various wastes like fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, rice husk, or a combination of these wastes. This paper presents a mix formulation design experiment to produce a geopolymer from nickel-laterite mine waste (NMW) and coal fly ash (CFA) as a geopolymer precursor, and sodium hydroxide (SH) and sodium silicate (SS) as alkali activators. An I-optimal design experiment is used to predict the compressive strength for all the mixture's possible formulations and identify optimal proportions to minimize the average variance of prediction. A mixed formulation run of 50% NMW, SH-to-SS ratio of 0.5, and an activator-to-precursor ratio of 0.4286 yielded the highest 28-day unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of 22.1±5.4 MPa. Furthermore, using an optimized formulation of 50.12% NMW, SH-to-SS ratio of 0.516, and an activator-to-precursor ratio of 0.428, an actual UCS value of 36.26±3.6 MPa was obtained. The result implies that the synthesized geopolymer material can be potentially used for pedestrian pavers, light traffic pavers, plain concrete for leveling, building bricks, ceramic glazed facing brick, and fired clay bricks.
ECHO: Developing a Multi-Hazard Incident Risk Assessment Tool for Swiftwater and Flood Rescue
Authors: Glassey Steve
Published: November 2020

Currently there is no multi-hazard risk assessment tool for determining the level of complexity to swiftwater and flood rescue incidents. Traditionally, the International Scale of River Difficulty is used but it is primarily for paddlers for use in a recreational context, without much consideration to the multitude of hazards faced in swiftwater and flood rescue environments. In response to this gap, the ECHO risk assessment tool has been developed and undergone initial testing. This tool provides for simple and rapid codification of multiple hazards and response considerations and is globally applicable. The tool also assigns a final risk assessment colour making the interpretation of the assessment easy to understand and communicate. Though the proposed tool shows potential, further research is needed before it should be operationalised.
Remote Indoor Construction Progress Monitoring Using Extended Reality
Authors: Khairadeen Ali Ahmed , Lee One Jae , Lee DoYeop , Park Chansik
Published: November 2020

Despite recent developments in monitoring and visualizing construction progress, the data exchange between construction jobsite and office lacks automation and real-time recording. To address this issue, a near real-time construction work inspection system called iVR is proposed; this system integrates 3D scanning, extended reality, and visual programming to visualize interactive onsite inspection for indoor activities and provide numeric data. iVR comprises five modules: iVR-location finder (finding laser scanner located in the construction site) iVR-scan (capture point cloud data of jobsite indoor activity), iVR-prepare (processes and convert 3D scan data into a 3D model), iVR-inspect (conduct immersive visual reality inspection in construction office), and iVR-feedback (visualize inspection feedback from jobsite using augmented reality). An experimental lab test is conducted to validate the applicability of iVR process; it successfully exchanges required information between construction jobsite and office in a specific time. This system is expected to assist Engineers and workers in quality assessment, progress assessments, and decision-making which can realize a productive and practical communication platform, unlike conventional monitoring or data capturing, processing, and storage methods, which involve storage, compatibility, and time-consumption issues.
Design and Validation of a Scale of Attitudes Towards Academic Feedback (SAAF)
Authors: Fuentes-Henríquez Carolina , Tapia-Ladino Mónica , Butter Marcelo Careaga , Molina-Farfán Juan
Published: November 2020

Feedback is a type of formative evaluation linked to student learning and academic achievement. However, it is not known how students perceive this process since there are no instruments to measure attitudes towards feedback. The objective of this work was to develop and validate an attitude scale towards academic feedback through an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), using the principal components method and an internal consistency analysis using Cronbach's Alpha. The sample consisted of 274 students from 2015, 2016, and 2017 cohorts of pedagogy careers from five Chilean universities. The results showed the consolidation of the instrument and its final conformation in four components (Negative experience towards feedback, Effectiveness of feedback, Feedback as an opportunity, and Resistance towards feedback) with a total of 15 items, which allow measuring the students' attitude towards this written formative evaluation.
Opportunities and Challenges for Interpreting Rare Variation in Clinically Important Genes
Authors: McInnes Gregory , Sharo Andrew G. , Koleske Megan L. , Brown Julie E. H. , Norstad Matthew , Adhikari Aashish N. , Wang Sheng , Brenner Steven E. , Halpern Jodi , Koenig Barbara A. , Magnus David C. , Gallagher Renata C. , Giacomini Kathleen M. , Altman Russ B.
Published: November 2020

Genome sequencing is enabling precision medicine—tailoring treatment to the unique constellation of variants in an individual’s genome. The impact of recurrent pathogenic variants is often understood, leaving a long tail of rare genetic variants that are uncharacterized. The problem of uncharacterized rare variation is especially acute when it occurs in genes of known clinical importance with functionally consequent frequent variants and associated mechanisms. Variants of unknown significance (VUS) in these genes are discovered at a rate that outpaces current ability to classify them using databases of previous cases, experimental evaluation, and computational predictors. Clinicians are thus left without guidance about the significance of variants that may have actionable consequences. Computational prediction of the impact of rare genetic variation is increasingly becoming an important capability. In this paper, we review the technical and ethical challenges of interpreting the function of rare variants in two settings: inborn errors of metabolism in newborns, and pharmacogenomics. We propose a framework for a genomic learning healthcare system with an initial focus on early-onset treatable disease in newborns and actionable pharmacogenomics. We argue that (1) a genomic learning healthcare system must allow for continuous collection and assessment of rare variants, (2) emerging machine learning methods will enable algorithms to predict the clinical impact of rare variants on protein function, and (3) ethical considerations must inform the construction and deployment of all rare-variation triage strategies, particularly with respect to health disparities arising from unbalanced ancestry representation.
Pesantren Vis a Vis Global Challenges, Strengthening Vision of Pesantren
Authors: In’ami Moh , Thohir Lalu , Sholehudin Sholehudin
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the challenges of pesantren during global currents; to find out the aspects that strengthen the continuity of the pesantren; and to find strategies for dealing with global challenges. The approach used in this research is qualitative with library research. The data were collected through references related to central themes. To analyze the data, several techniques were conducted such as data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results showed that 1). The challenges of Islamic boarding schools during global currents can be in the form of thought, culture, science, and technology, as well as competition in various fields; 2). Aspects that strengthen the continuity of the pesantren to traditions and culture which are steadfastly and istiqamah fought for and preserved; 3). The pesantren's strategy in facing global challenges is to sort out every global progress by taking what is useful and removing what is harmful. Education in this Muslim-majority country has large and important role in the whole Indonesia human development. The existence of education is the pillar of science and knowledge building that is able to lead society towards development and progress. The development and progress are born and appear in the middle of people's life becomes a necessity. Occurrences that simply cannot be expected when people underestimate and ignore education. The presence of pesantren as a representation of Islamic educational institutions cannot be circumvented. Pesantren, in the Indonesian dictionary, is an indigenous Islamic institution. But over time, tough challenges began to appear.
Indonesian Nationalism Insight in the Three Pillars of Higher Education: Reflection at IAIN Pekalongan
Authors: Rohayana Ade Dedi , Sofi Muhammad Jauhari
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to portray the role of Higher Education in mainstreaming Indonesian nationalism insight amid the dynamic issue of nationalism in society. It specifically focuses on the extent to which the insight is implemented in the Three Pillars of Higher Education or Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi at IAIN Pekalongan. The study used a descriptive-qualitative approach with data sourced from Renstra, academic instructional guideline, research and community service in 2017 and 2018, period that marks early years of IAIN Pekalongan after its conversion from STAIN. From data analysis, this reflective study argues that, first; the implementation of Indonesian nationalism insight in teaching has been effective only at the policy level. Second, its implementation in research is still limited, i.e. 11 of 134 studies (8.2%). Third, its implementation in community service has not been accommodated explicitly because the existing programs revolve around community empowerment in specific social and religious areas. The study also presents challenges analysis in the end of discussion.
Cryptococcal Osteomyelitis of the Entire Humerus
Authors: Onishi Okihiro , Kida Yoshikazu , Kiba Takashi , Kabuto Yukichi , Minami Masataka , Nishimura Ayako , Konishi Eiichi , Takahashi Kenji
Published: November 2020

Case:

We describe a case of cryptococcal osteomyelitis in a 70-year-old man who presented with left elbow and shoulder pain. Subsequent imaging indicated osteomyelitis of the entire humerus, and he underwent debridement of the elbow and shoulder. Pathological findings revealed Cryptococcus neoformans infection. Surgical management was followed by a prolonged course of antibiotics.

Conclusion:

Although C. neoformans is rare as the etiology of infection of the entire humerus, orthopaedic surgeons should consider cryptococcosis as a potential cause of infection.
A Needs Assessment for Postgraduate Training in Selected Public Health Disciplines: Evidence from Health Services Organisations in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Bulawayo Maio , Silumbwe Adam , Munakampe Margarate Nzala , Mukumbuta Nawa , Musabula Juliet , Chewe Mwimba , Mweemba Chris , Michelo Charles , Hangoma Peter
Published: November 2020

Background: As most low and middle-income countries seek to achieve universal health coverage targets, there is an ever-increasing need to train human resources with the required core skills and competencies. This study reports on a needs assessment conducted among health services organisations (HSOs) to understand postgraduate training needs and service gaps for selected public health disciplines – Health Policy and Systems, Health Economics, and Healthcare Management and Planning – at the University of Zambia. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design, comprising qualitative and quantitative components. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires administered to 32 representatives of purposively sampled public and private health service organisations based in Lusaka Zambia. The health services organisations included regulatory authorities, research institutions, government ministries, insurance firms and other cooperating partners. Results: Overall (n=22), more than 68% of the stakeholders reported that they had no employees that were formally trained in the three disciplines. More than 90% of the stakeholders opined that training in these disciplines would be beneficial in providing competencies to strengthen service provision. The horizontal skills mismatch for health economics, and health services management and planning were found to be 93% and 100%, respectively. Among the critical public health training needs were: policy development and analysis, economic evaluation, and strategic management. Conclusions: This study confirms that introducing post-graduate training in the proposed public health disciplines will not only benefit Zambian health services organisations but also help strengthen the health systems in general. For other empirical contexts, the findings imply the need for the introduction of academic programmes which respond to ever-changing public health skills demanded. They should be matched with local priorities and service delivery.
Constructing personal networks in the light of COVID-19 containment measures
Authors: Furfaro Emanuela , Rivellini Giulia , Pelle Elvira , Zaccarin Susanna
Published: November 2020

The policies for containing the spread of SARS-CoV2 virus include a number of measures aimed at reducing physical contacts. In this paper, we explore the potential impact of such containment measures on social relations of both young adults and elderly in Italy. We propose two ego-centered network definitions accounting for physical distances in light of the recent - and maybe future - COVID-19 containment measures: 1) the easy-to-reach network, that represent a nearby possible source of support in case of new lockdown; 2) accustomed-to-reach network, which include proximity and habit to meet in person. The approach used for constructing personal (ego-centered) networks on data from the most recent release of Families and Social Subject Survey allows to bring in the foreground people exposed to relational vulnerability. The analysis of the most vulnerable No alters individuals by age, gender and place of residence reveal that to be single is often associated with a condition of relational vulnerability not only among elder people, but also for young adults. Results also highlight the role of the place of residence.
Isolation and Characterization of Novel Yeasts From Dairy Cattle Rumen for Potential Use as Feed Additives 
Authors: Suntara Chanon , Cherdthong Anusorn , Wanapat Metha , Uriyapongson Suthipong , Leelavatcharamas Vichai , Sawaengkaew Jutaporn , Chanjula Pin , Foiklang Suban
Published: November 2020

The aims of this study were to screen and isolate yeast which is producing high biomass and cellulase enzyme from rumen fluid. Two fistulated Thai crossbred Holstein Friesian steers, averaging 350 ± 20 kg body weight, were used. The experiments were designed by 12 × 3 × 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized (CRD). Factor A was isolated yeasts (11 difference characteristics) and S. cerevisiae. Factor B was sugarcane molasses (M) concentration (50, 150, and 250 g/L). Factor C was urea (U) concentration (10, 30, and 50 g/L) (experiment 1). To assess biochemical properties, the potential yeast were selected for identified and analyzed. The highest yeast biomass was observed in three yeasts including codes H-KKU20, I-KKU20, and C-KKU20. The highest CMCase activity was observed in yeast code H-KKU20. Identification of isolates H-KKU20 and I-KKU20 revealed that those isolates belonged to Pichia kudriavzevii-KKU20 and Candida tropicalis-KKU20, while C-KKU20 was identified as Galactomyces sp.-KKU20. The P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 and C. tropicalis-KKU20 provided maximum cell growth. The highest ethanol production was observed in S. cerevisiae. The P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 yielded the least reducing sugar. P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 had higher results than the other yeasts in terms of yeast biomass production, cellulase enzyme activity, and cell number. This species may lead to higher production of yeast cell wall than the traditional species in yeast industry (such as S. cerevisiae) or in other applications as ruminant feed additives.
Atomistic wear mechanisms and deformation evolution in polishing
Authors: Fang Te-Hua , Nguyen Van-Thuc
Published: November 2020

Our aim with this study was a new insight into the sub-nanoscale of polishing and provides the atomic view of the material removal and wear mechanisms by carrying out molecule dynamics simulation. We proposed and analyzed a model with a diamond abrasive particle that sliding or rolling on the surface of GaN workpieces. The authors investigated, step by step, the effects of polishing depths, speeds, abrasive sizes, and crystalline orientations on the wear mechanisms and material removal. The wear mechanisms of the sliding motion were adhering, ploughing, and cutting, depending on the depths. While the wear mechanisms of rolling motion are adhering and ploughing. Notably, in both stages of sliding and rolling, there is an existence of a critical point at 5.0 Å depth when we considered the deformation behaviors. Below that critical point, the GaN workpiece will present an elastic deformation. From the aforementioned point, the workpiece would be plastically deformed. Besides, from 10 Å depth, the dislocation began to appear and evolute simultaneously with the development of the maximum shear stress. The sliding motion on the Ga-face could remove a greater number of atoms than that of the N-face. Moreover, direction [1-100] on Ga-face requesting more forces to polish than direction [11-20]. In conclusion, the main achievements that contribute to the field can be summarized as follows: the atomistic wear mechanisms of sliding and rolling motions, material removal, and the role of rolling motion at the sub-nanoscale during the ultrafine flat polishing process.
Characteristics of PCDD/Fs in PM2.5 From Emission Stacks and The Nearby Ambient Air in Taiwan
Authors: Pan Shih Yu , Liou Yi Ting , Chang Moo Been , Chou Charles C.-K. , Ngo Tuan Hung , Chi Kai Hsien
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to find the characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in fine particulate matter from different stationary emission sources (coal-fired boiler, CFB; municipal waste incinerator, MWI; electric arc furnace, EAF) in Taiwan and the relationship between PM2.5 and PM2.5-bound PCDD/Fs with Taiwanese mortality risk. PM2.5 was quantified using gravimetry and corresponding chemical analyses were done for PM2.5-bound chemicals. Mortality risks of PM2.5 exposure and PCDD/Fs exposure were calculated using Poisson regression. The highest concentration of PM2.5 (0.53±0.39 mg/Nm3) and PCDD/Fs (0.206±0.107 ng I-TEQ/Nm3) was found in CFB and EAF, respectively. Higher proportions of PCDDs over PCDFs were observed in the flue gases of CFB and MWI whereas it was reversed in EAF. For ambient air, PCDD/F congeners around the stationary sources were dominated by PCDFs in vapor phase. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis found that the sources of atmosphere PCDD/Fs were 14.6% from EAF (r=0.81), 52.6% from CFB (r=0.74), 18.0% from traffic (r=0.85) and 14.8% from MWI (r=0.76). For the dioxin congener distribution, PCDDs were dominant in flue gases of CFB and MWI, PCDFs were dominant in EAF. It may be attributed to the different formation mechanisms among wastes incineration, steel-making, and coal-burning processes.
Biocompatible MIP-202 Zr-MOF Tunable Sorbent for Cost-Effective Decontamination of Anionic and Cationic Pollutants From Waste Solutions
Authors: Diab Kamal , Salama Eslam , Hassan Hassan Shokry , El-moneim Ahmed Abd , Elkady Marwa
Published: November 2020

This reported work aims to fabricate an eco-friendly Zr bio-based MOF and assessment its adsorption efficiency towards the cationic and anionic dye pollutants including methylene blue (MB) and direct red 81 (DR-81), respectively. Also, its adsorption tendency for the highly toxic heavy metal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was compared with dyes. The adsorption performance of bio-MOF showed that the maximum monolayer adsorption capacities were recorded as 79.799 mg/g for MB, 36.071 mg/g for DR-81, and 19.012 mg/g for Cr(VI). Meanwhile, the optimum dosage of as-synthesized MIP-202 bio-MOF was 0.5, 1, and 2 g L-1 for MB, DR-81, and Cr(VI), respectively. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated the spontaneous, thermodynamically, and endothermic nature of the decontamination processes onto the fabricated Zr bio-based MOF. The adsorption data were fitted by Langmuir isotherm model compared with Freundlich and Temkin models for all studied water pollutants. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model was a ﬁt model for description of the adsorption kinetics of the different cationic and anionic pollutants onto Zr bio-based MOF. These outcomes indicated that Zr bio-based MOF has potential application for adsorption of different types of industrial water pollutants including cationic and anionic dyes and heavy metals.
Safety and Effectiveness of Kidney Transplantation Using a Donation-After-Brain-Death Donor With Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kim Kyeong Deok , Lee Kyo Won , Kim Sang Jin , Lee Okjoo , Lim Manuel , Jeong Eun Sung , Kwon Jieun , Yang Jaehun , Oh Jongwook , Park Jae Berm
Published: November 2020

The use of kidneys from donation-after-brain-death (DBD) donors with acute kidney injury (AKI) is a strategy to expand the donor pool. The aim of this study was to evaluate how kidney transplantation (KT) from a donor with AKI affects long-term graft survival in various situations. All patients who underwent KT from DBD donors between June 2003 and April 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) criteria were used to classify donor AKI. The cohort included 376 donors (no AKI group, n = 117 [31.1%]; AKI group n = 259 [68.9%]). Death-censored graft survival was similar according to the presence of AKI, AKI severity, and the AKI trend (p = 0.929, p = 0.077, and p = 0.658, respectively). Patients whose donors had AKI who received using low dose (1.5 mg/kg for three days) rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (r-ATG) as the induction agent had significantly superior death-censored graft survival compared with patients in that group who received basiliximab (p = 0.039). AKI in DBD donors did not affect long-term death-censored graft survival. Low-dose r-ATG may be considered as an induction immunosuppression in recipients receiving kidneys with AKI because it showed better graft survival than basiliximab.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Sickle Cell Protein Analysis in Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolated From Outpatient and Hospitalized Children Below 16 Years in Informal Settlements in Nairobi Kenya
Authors: Kavai Susan , Mbae Cecilia , Wanjiku Celestine , Ngetich Ronald , Wakio Zillah , Onsare Robert , Kariuki Samuel
Published: November 2020

Background: Invasive Non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease continues to be a major public health problem, especially in sub Saharan Africa where incidence rates are 227 cases [range 152-341] per 100,000 population. Populations at risk of iNTS include adults with HIV infection, malnourished children, those with recent malaria or sickle-cell anaemia (SCA). Individuals with SCA are at an increased risk of invasive bacterial infections with the proportion of deaths from infection reported to be as high as 38% in the United States and 29% in Jamaica. In Kenya, iNTS disease is particularly a major challenge in poor informal settlements with infants and young children less than 5 years of age being the most affected; mortality rates can be 20-25% unless prompt treatment is administered. Methods Our study was conducted in 3 outpatient sites and 1 inpatient site, the outpatient sites were all located within Mukuru informal settlement, a densely populated slum, 15km East of Nairobi City. Blood and stool samples from children with fever alone and with fever and diarrhea were collected for processing for presence of iNTS using basic microbiology procedures. Dry blood spots were also taken and processed for sickle cell protein markers using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results A total of 22,246 blood and stool samples were collected from children < 16 years of age with fever/with or without diarrhea, for a period of 6 years and subjected to microbiological culture and detection of bacterial pathogens. Out of these 741 (3.3%) tested positive for Salmonella species. A total of 338/741(41%) NTS were isolated across all the sites; these consisted of 158/741(21%) Salmonella Enteritidis and 180/741 (24%) Salmonella Typhimurium. The most common resistance phenotype was ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and chloramphenicol (35.03%). We had 12/338 (3.6%) isolates (11 of them being Salmonella Typhimurium) that were ESBL producers conferring resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins (Amp C β-lactamases) while only 0.3% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. A total of 118 (35.03%) isolates were MDR. Out of 2684 dry blood samples subjected to HPLC for investigation of sickle cell disease traits, 1820/2684 (67%) had normal hemoglobin (Hb AA/ Hb AF); (162/2684 (6%) tested positive for Sickle Cell Traits (Hb AS/Hb AFS); while 4/2684 (0.2%) tested positive for Sickle cell disease (Hb FS). Conclusion The high MDR resistance phenotype in iNTS isolates and emerging resistance to third generation cephalosporins is of great concern in management of iNTS in our settings. Sickle cell disease was not a major factor among children with iNTS disease and no significant association with iNTS was observed.
Physical Entropy and Universal Chaos in Biological Diversity
Authors: Souza-Filho Carlos , Lucena Ivana , Ramos Jorge Gabriel
Published: November 2020

We investigate the longstanding problem concerning diversity indices heuristically applied throughout biological systems. Using stochastic simulations, we demonstrate the existence of a relation that encompass the diversity, one of the flagships of Darwinism, and quantum thermodynamics. Our results prove that informational entropy is indeed a physical/biological diversity index only in the presence of two novel mandatory phenomenological parameters. Moreover, we solve paradoxes related to diversity-entropy depletion in favor of the patterns formation in nature. Our findings pave the way for an unifying theory of phylogenetic analysis, properties of active matter, information theory and universal quantum chaos typical of nuclear and mesoscopic physics.