bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Starring Role of Biomarkers and Anticancer Agents as a Major
Driver in Precision Medicine of Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: December 2021

:

Precision medicine is the most modern contemporary medicine
approach today, based on great amount of data on people's health, individual
characteristics, and life circumstances, and employs the most effective ways to prevent
and cure diseases.Precision medicine in cancer is the most precise and viable treatment
for every cancer patient based on the disease's genetic profile. Precision medicine
changes the standard one size fits all medication model, which focuses on average
responses to care. Consolidating modern methodologies for streamlining and checking
anticancer drugs can have long-term effects on understanding the results. Precision
medicine can help explicit anticancer treatments using various drugs and even in
discovery, thus becoming the paradigm of future cancer medicine. Cancer biomarkers
are significant in precision medicine, and findings of different biomarkers make this field
more promising and challenging. Naturally, genetic instability and the collection of extra
changes in malignant growth cells are ways cancer cells adapt and survive in a hostile
environment, for example, one made by these treatment modalities. Precision medicine
centers on recognizing the best treatment for individual patients, dependent on their
malignant growth and genetic characterization. This new era of genomics progressively
referred to as precision medicine, has ignited a new episode in the relationship between
genomics and anticancer drug development.
Discovery and Development of Antibacterial Agents: Fortuitous and Designed
Authors: Kapoor Bhupinder , Gulati Monica , Kaur Ravleen , Rani Pooja , Atanasov Atanas G. , Alzahrani Qushmua , Gupta Reena , Chawla Pooja
Published: December 2021

Today, antibacterial drug resistance has turned into a significant public health issue. Repeated intake, suboptimal and/or unnecessary use of antibiotics, and, additionally, the transfer of resistance genes are the critical elements that make microorganisms resistant to conventional antibiotics. A substantial number of antibacterials that were successfully utilized earlier for prophylaxis and therapeutic purposes have been rendered inadequate due to this phenomenon. Therefore, the exploration of new molecules has become a continuous endeavour. Many such molecules are at various stages of the investigation. A surprisingly high number of new molecules are currently in the stage of phase 3 clinical trials. A few new agents have been commercialized in the last decade. These include solithromycin, plazomicin, lefamulin, omadacycline, eravacycline, delafloxacin, zabofloxacin, finafloxacin, nemonoxacin, gepotidacin, zoliflodacin, cefiderocol, BAL30072, avycaz, zerbaxa, vabomere, relebactam, tedizolid, cadazolid, sutezolid, triclosan, and afabiacin. This article aims to review the investigational and recently approved antibacterials with a focus on their structure, mechanisms of action/resistance, and spectrum of activity. Delving deep, their success or otherwise in various phases of clinical trials is also discussed while attributing the same to various causal factors.
Effectiveness of Self-concept Management of Patients with Depression in
Diabetic Ulcer
Authors: Nasirin Chairun , Lionardo Andries , Nurzani Anita
Published: December 2021

Background:

This study explores the management of self-concept in improving the quality
of life of diabetic ulcer patients. Low confidence in the quality of life is a factor causing patients
with long-term diabetes to believe they cannot be cured properly. Ulcers result from diabetes
mellitus complications due to the nervous system and blood vessel damage. Patients with diabetic
ulcers experience depression and feel acute stress when the disease has been categorized as a chronic
condition.

Method:

This study uses quantitative methods with a cross-sectional study design approach. The
data collection techniques used purposive sampling and had 82 diabetic ulcer sufferers as respondents
in the study.

Result:

This study empirically proves that (p-value ≤ α=0.05) where there is effective management
of the concept of self-health applied by diabetic ulcer patients in reducing the level of depression
and sufferers can increase their confidence in better health factors.

Conclusion:

The effectiveness of self-care management is an important indicator in overcoming diabetic
ulcer disease. The low management of self-concept for people with diabetes will certainly
impact increasing depression and acute stress, decreasing the quality of life for sufferers.
Evaluation of Nutritional Value, Antioxidant Activity, and Phenolic Content of Protium serratum Engl and Artocarpus chama Buch.-Ham, Wild Edible Fruits Available in Tripura, a North-Eastern State of India
Authors: Das S. , Biswas S. C. , Bora A. , Mudoi P. , Misra T. K.
Published: December 2021

Background:

Protium serratum Engl (Indian red pear) and Artocarpus chama Buch.- Ham (wild jackfruit) are typical wild edible fruits that have a wide range of folk medicinal properties.

Objectives:

Our present study deals with the exploration of nutritional value, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content present in Protium serratum Engl and Artocarpus chama Buch.-Ham fruits.

Methods:

The soxhlet apparatus was used to extract crude samples. The quantitative analysis of the wild edible fruits was broadly done by proximate and ultimate analysis techniques.

Results:

The results showed that the moisture contents in P. serratum and A. chama Buch. are 78.53% and 74.23%, respectively. The obtained ash (8.59%), fiber (3.17%), total sugar (5.495 mg/100g), and fat (0.66%) contents are high in P. serratum. In contrast, A. chama Buch. has a high content of protein (0.52%). Vitamin C content is higher in P. serratum (550 mg/100g) than that in A. chama Buch. (350 mg/100g). The result shows that the Ca and Mg contents are higher in P. serratum compared to A. chama Buch. Indian red pear shows good antioxidant properties and has high total phenolic content as compared to wild jackfruit and some commercial fruits.

Conclusion:

The study establishes that further investigation must be done to determine the development of new products, processing, and preservation techniques so that two underutilized fruits can become a part of our regular dietary habits. By doing so, we can enrich the fruit basket of the country.
Photoacoustic Imaging of Enucleated Eyes from Patients with Uveal Melanoma can Reveal Extrascleral Growth
Authors: Dahlstrand Ulf , Merdasa Aboma , Hult Jenny , Albinsson John , Cinthio Magnus , Sheikh Rafi , Malmsjö Malin
Published: December 2021

Background:

Uveal melanoma is treated by either enucleation (removal of the eye) or local eye-sparing therapies, depending on tumor size and whether there are signs of extrascleral growth. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a novel imaging modality that provides high-resolution images of the molecular composition of tissues.

Objective:

In this study, the feasibility of PA imaging for uveal melanomas and detection of extrascleral growth was explored.

Methods:

Seven enucleated human eyes with uveal melanomas were examined using PA imaging. The spectral signatures of the melanomas and the layers of the normal eyewall were characterized using 59 excitation wavelengths from 680 to 970 nm.

Results:

Significant differences were seen between the spectra obtained from melanoma and the healthy eyewall. Using spectral unmixing, melanin, hemoglobin and collagen could be mapped out, showing the architecture of the tumor in relation to the eyewall. This allowed visualization of regions where the tumor extended into the extrascleral space.

Conclusion:

PA imaging appears to have the potential to aid in assessing uveal melanomas and as a diagnostic tool for the detection of extrascleral growth.
Characteristics and Potential Impacts of Rest Areas Proximate to Roadways: A Review
Authors: Alkhatni Fathi , Ishak Siti Z. , Milad Abdalrhman
Published: December 2021

Objective:

Rest areas are one of the most common roadside service facilities designated for parking and resting purposes. They are considered crucial components in the roadway network since they provide road users with a safe and comfortable place nearby the mainline. Obtaining extensive information on the planning, advantages, and potential effects of rest areas will help establish a better understanding of their characteristics and essential benefits. This will enable decision-makers and safety engineers to implement effective policies. Therefore, this paper reviews the literature on the development and impact of rest areas close to roadways. The objectives of this paper are as follows: to discuss the potential positive and negative effects of rest areas, to determine major challenges, to provide recommendations for implementing such facilities based on the literature search, and to fill a research gap.

Methods:

The review focuses on articles and reports addressing the features and impacts of rest areas and parking facilities published in English. The literature on parking demands related to rest area facilities is not within the scope of this research.

Results:

The challenges and recommendations concerning the development and safety aspects of rest areas are critically discussed. The review of numerous studies concerning the safety and operation of rest areas has revealed conflicting results. Although several studies found that establishing rest area facilities proximate to roadway segments positively impacts safety and operation, some indicated that such facilities might pose safety and operation risks along adjacent sections. Thus, this paper highlights a gap in the research area, determining the distribution patterns of crashes occurring along the proximate segments of rest areas.

Conclusion:

Although rest areas do help in mitigating fatigue-related crashes, the review highlights that future research should investigate the relationship between roadway features and collisions occurring along nearby segments of rest areas to fully understand the safety effects of rest areas nearby the mainline. This work is beneficial for decision-makers and safety engineers since it provides valuable information in terms of the planning features of rest areas and parking facilities, along with their essential impact.
Association between Awareness on Antibiotic Resistance and Antibiotic Misuse Among Saudi University Students
Authors: Bu-Khamsin Ahmed Yousef , Fabella Eduardo , Al Abdullah Ali Habib , Albather Murtadha Radhi , Al-Hassan Yasser Taher , Alramadan Hassan Abdulfatah , Al Moweshy Abdullah Ahmed , Al Abdullah Ali Jameel , Al Hassan Hassan Ibrahim
Published: December 2021

Background:

Saudi Arabia has the highest prevalence of resistant pathogens in the Gulf Region, with a rapid increase in antibiotic resistance seen in recent years. Misuse is common despite laws prohibiting dispensing antibiotics without prescription. This study was conducted to determine the association between awareness of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic misuse among Saudi university students. Specifically, it aimed to determine the proportion of university students who were aware of antibiotic resistance, the proportion of university students who were aware that antibiotic resistance is a public health problem, the prevalence of antibiotic misuse among university students, and the association between awareness and antibiotic misuse.

Methods:

The study utilized an analytic cross-sectional design. By using a self-administrated survey, responses on awareness of antibiotic resistance as well as antibiotic use among bachelor students were obtained. Two-stage stratified cluster sampling was conducted to select the required 825 participants. Epi Info® version 7 was used to estimate the proportion of students who were aware of antibiotic resistance as well as the proportion of students who misused antibiotics. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between awareness of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic use.

Results:

Over 75% of university students were aware of antibiotic resistance (95% CI: 72.09% - 77.98%), while 54.67% (95% CI: 51.26% - 58.03%) were aware that antibiotic resistance is a public health problem. Nearly 67% misused antibiotics (95% CI: 63.63% - 70.04%) with failure to follow the prescribed number of days of antibiotic therapy and using leftover antibiotics as the most common forms of misuse. Students who were aware of antibiotic resistance were 27.96% less likely to misuse antibiotics (OR = 0.7204, p = 0.0642). Those who were aware that antibiotic resistance is a public health problem were 51.32% less likely to misuse antibiotics (OR = 0.4868, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Awareness of antibiotic resistance is associated with lower antibiotic misuse. Education campaigns on the consequences of inappropriate antibiotic use and the development of antibiotic resistance should be intensified.
Borneol: A Plant-Sourced Terpene with a Variety of Promising Pharmacological
Effects
Authors: Kulkarni Madhur , Rajput Amarjitsing , Kasar Aditi , Thorat Shruti
Published: December 2021

Background:

Borneol, a bicyclic monoterpene belonging to the class of camphene, is
sourced from Blumea balsamifera, Cinnamonum camphora (L.) Presl, Dryobalanops aromatica
Gaertner, and the volatile oils extracted from various other plant sources. Chinese Traditional
Medicine system documents almost 1000 years of clinical use of borneol as an adjuvant as well as
an active in treating various diseases and disorders, mainly pertaining to the central nervous system.

Objective:

The review aims to provide insights into the array of pharmacological activities elicited
by borneol along with their underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

Apart from the promising permeation enhancing activity, the scientific database has
established strong evidence of a variety of pharmacological effects of borneol. The current work involved
critical evaluation of the published and patented literature revealing various pharmacodynamic
activities of borneol alone and in combination with other actives. The mechanisms responsible
for the same were also investigated.

Results:

Many studies have revealed a promising antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and antimicrobial adhesion
activity of borneol. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective, and antiepileptic actions
of borneol have been elucidated via a number of preclinical studies. Anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic,
antihypertensive, and anticancer effects have also been explored for borneol.

Conclusion:

The array of pharmacological activities evaluated for borneol alone or in combination
with other actives could be attributed to its specific molecular structure, excellent brain permeability,
strong antioxidant property, and ability to modulate various inflammatory pathways and precursors.
However, more extensive preclinical and mainly clinical studies are warranted before this bicyclic
monoterpene can establish as an active pharmaceutical agent.
A Review on Recent Controlled Release Strategies for Oral Drug Delivery
of Repaglinide (a BCS Class II Drug)
Authors: Albetawi Saba , Abdalhafez Amer , Abu-Zaid Ala
Published: December 2021

:

Repaglinide is an antidiabetic drug that works by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic
beta cells. Repaglinide is practically insoluble in water with a water solubility of 34 μg/mL
at 37°C, and it has a high absorption rate from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration
since the log P value of repaglinide is 3.97. The low aqueous solubility and the high permeability
of repaglinide represent a typical behavior for drugs that belong to class II Biopharmaceutical
Classification System (BCS II). Managing type-2 diabetes mellitus with repaglinide is considered a
burdensome therapy, as it requires frequent dosing of repaglinide before each meal to maintain its
therapeutic plasma concentration due to its short plasma half-life of approximately one hour.
Hence the present review aims to discuss thoroughly the various approaches investigated in recent
years to develop drug delivery systems that improve oral delivery of repaglinide, including nanoemulsions,
solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, sustained-release hydrophilic matrix,
floating microspheres, and nanocomposites.
Non-Clinical Investigation of Tuberculosis Drugs: Conjugated Norbornene-
Based Nanocarriers Toxic Impacts on Zebrafish
Authors: Anju Thangammal , Preetha Radhakrishnan , Shunmugam Raja , Mane Shivshankar R. , Arockiaraj Jesu , Ganapathy Shivasekar
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Rifampicin conjugated (R-CP), and rifampicin -isoniazid dual conjugated (RI-CP) norbornene-derived nanocarriers are newly designed for pH stimuli-responsive delivery of tuberculosis (TB) drugs. Its biosafety level is yet to be well established.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the impacts of the nanocarriers on liver cells using zebrafish animal model and human liver cell line model (HepG2).

METHODS:

Initially, lethal dose concentration for the norbornene-derived nanocarrier systems in zebrafish was determined. The toxic effects were analysed at the sub-lethal drug concentration by histopathological study, total GSH level, gene expression and DNA damage in zebrafish liver cells. Fish erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities were also evaluated. Cell viability and oxidative stress level (ROS generation) after exposure to the nanoconjugates was determined using HepG2 cell in the in vitro study.

RESULTS:

In vivo studies of both R-CP and RI-CP showed 100% mortality at 96 hours for exposure concentration >100mg/l and showed toxic changes in zebrafish liver histology, GSH, and DNA damage levels. A noticeable upregulated PXR, CYP3A and cyp2p6 genes was observed in RI-CP exposure than in RIF or R-CP molecules. The in vitro study revealed a dose-dependent effect on cell viability and ROS generation for RIF, R-CP and RI-CP exposures in HepG2 cells.

CONCLUSION:

The current study reports that the rifampicin conjugated (R-CP) and rifampicin-isoniazid conjugated (RI-CP) norbornene derived nanocarriers exhibit enhanced toxic responses in both adult zebrafish and HepG2 cells. The pH-sensitive norbornene derived nanocarriers on conjugation with different drugs exhibited varied impacts on hepatic cells. Hence the present investigation recommends a complete metabolomics analysis and norbornene carrier-drug interaction study to be performed for each drug conjugated norbornene nanocarrier to ensure its biosafety.
Repositioning Culture in International Relations: Confucianism as Geopolitical Instrument
Authors: Amalia Ariffah Isna
Published: December 2021

Confucianism is a culture taken from the name of a thinker, namely Confucius and is considered the basis of Confucian teachings. The basic view of Confucianism is to invite people to live an orderly, peaceful and happy life and placing the rulers as one of the key factors in achieving the ideals of the country. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the chronology of Confucianism and its implications for China's geopolitical sustainability. The method used is qualitative with constructivist ideas to create a comprehensive thought allocation on the impact of Confucianism from the perspective of cultural superiority. The results obtained are that, over time, Confucianism has developed into a tool for the Chinese state to carry out geopolitical instruments to achieve geostrategy for the expansion of territorial boundaries. On the one hand, Confucianism can become a superior culture that places the fighting spirit of the people. On the other hand, this flow can become a trigger for war when each region that is to be recruited for China's expansion has a culture and beliefs that are different from their own. Keywords: Confucianism, China, Geopolitics, Geostrategy.
Crowdsourced Community Support Resources Among Patients Discharged From the Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Agarwal Anish K , Southwick Lauren , Schneider Rachelle , Pelullo Arthur , Ortiz Robin , Klinger Elissa V , Gonzales Rachel E , Rosin Roy , Merchant Raina M
Published: December 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed strains on communities. During this public health crisis, health systems have created remote methods of monitoring symptom progression and delivering care virtually.

Objective

Using an SMS text message-based system, we sought to build and test a remote model to explore community needs, connect individuals to curated resources, and facilitate community health worker intervention when needed during the pandemic. The primary aims of this pilot study were to establish the feasibility (ie, engagement with the text line) and acceptability (ie, participant ratings of resources and service) of delivering automated well-being resources via smartphone technology.

Methods

Eligible patients (aged 18 years or older, having a cell phone with SMS text messaging capability, and recently visited the emergency department) were identified using the electronic health record. The patients were consented to enroll and begin receiving COVID-19–related information and links to community resources. We collected open-ended and close-ended resource and mood ratings. We calculated the frequencies and conducted a thematic review of the open-ended responses.

Results

In 7 weeks, 356 participants were enrolled; 13,917 messages were exchanged including 333 resource ratings (mean 4) and 673 well-being scores (mean 6.8). We received and coded 386 open-ended responses, most of which elaborated upon their self-reported mood score (29%). Overall, 77% (n=274) of our participants rated the platform as a service they would highly recommend to a family member or friend.

Conclusions

This approach is designed to broaden the reach of health systems, tailor to community needs in real time, and connect at-risk individuals with robust community health support.
Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) Targeting Dementia Risk Reduction: Protocol for a Prospective Web-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Bartlett Larissa , Doherty Kathleen , Farrow Maree , Kim Sarang , Hill Edward , King Anna , Alty Jane , Eccleston Claire , Kitsos Alex , Bindoff Aidan , Vickers James C
Published: December 2021

Background

Up to 40% of incident dementia is considered attributable to behavioral and lifestyle factors. Given the current lack of medical treatments and the projected increase in dementia prevalence, a focus on prevention through risk reduction is needed.

Objective

We aim to increase dementia risk knowledge and promote changes in dementia risk behaviors at individual and population levels.

Methods

The Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) is a long-term prospective, web-based cohort study with nested interventions that will be conducted over a 10-year period. Target participants (n=10,000) reside in Tasmania and are aged 50 years or over. Survey data on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to modifiable dementia risk factors will be collected annually. After each survey wave, participants will be provided with a personalized dementia risk profile containing guidelines for reducing risk across 9 behavioral and lifestyle domains and with opportunities to engage in educational and behavioral interventions targeting risk reduction. Survey data will be modeled longitudinally with intervention engagement indices, cognitive function indices, and blood-based biomarkers, to measure change in risk over time.

Results

In the initial 12 months (October 2019 to October 2020), 6410 participants have provided baseline data. The study is ongoing.

Conclusions

Recruitment targets are feasible and efforts are ongoing to achieve a representative sample. Findings will inform future public health dementia risk reduction initiatives by showing whether, when, and how dementia risk can be lowered through educational and behavioral interventions, delivered in an uncontrolled real-world context.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/34688
Assessment of performance of the machine learning-based breast cancer risk prediction model: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Gao Ying , Li Shu , Jin Yujing , Zhou Lengxiao , Sun Shaomei , Xu Xiaoqian , Li Shuqian , Yang Hongxi , Zhang Qing , Wang Yaogang
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Background: Machine learning algorithms well-suited in cancer research, especially in breast cancer for the investigation and development of riTo assess the performance of available machine learning-based breast cancer risk prediction model.

OBJECTIVE

Objective: To assess the performance of available machine learning-based breast cancer risk prediction model.

METHODS

Methods: As of June 9, 2021, articles on breast cancer risk prediction models by machine learning were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Studies describing the development or validation of risk prediction models for predicting future breast cancer risk were included. Pooled area under the curve (AUC) were calculated using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model.

RESULTS

Result: A total of 8 studies with 10 datasets were included. Neural network was the most common machine learning method for the development of risk prediction models. The pooled AUC of machine learning-based optimal risk prediction model reported in each study was 0.73 (95%CI: 0.66-0.80), which was higher than that of traditional risk factor-based risk prediction models (all Pheterogeneity < 0.001). The pooled AUC of neural network-based risk prediction model was higher than that of non-neural network-based optimal risk prediction model (0.71 vs. 0.68). Subgroup analysis showed that incorporation of imaging features risk models had a higher pooled AUC than model of non-incorporation of imaging features (0.73 vs. 0.61; Pheterogeneity =0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions: The pooled machine learning-based breast cancer risk prediction model yield a good prediction performance and promising results.
Emotional Context and Color Perception and Recognition by 12- and 16-years-old Children
Authors: Puechbroussou Benjamin , Rusinek Stéphane
Published: December 2021

Will the emotional context in which a painting is placed impact how well adolescents remember the colors in it? Will there be differences in color perception and recognition based on age and gender? Specific materials had to be designed to answer this question: (a) an abstract, themeless painting composed of twelve colors, each covering the same area with the same number of pixels, and (b) four texts with different emotional connotations (fear, anger, happiness, and sadness) describing the lives of fictitious painters. After being pretested, the material was proposed to 142 seventh-grade students and 71 tenth-grade students. Each subject studied a painting and heard one of the four texts. Next, the painting was taken away; after this, the subjects ordered the twelve colors based on how much area they thought each one covered the painting. It was hypothesized that the subjects would give greater importance to specific colors depending on the emotional context induced by the associated text. The results confirmed this hypothesis, although the tenth graders were less affected by the emotional context than the seventh graders. There was no statistically significant effect of gender in either population.
Nota del 1er. Simposio dominicano de ambientes extremos y organismos extremófilos (1_ISE3O domicano) y lanzamiento de la red dominicana de extremófilos¨redex¨. Universidad Autónoma De Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, 2021
Authors: Vargas Fernandez Alfaniris , Vázquez Tineo Manuel , Gutiérrez Cepeda Adrián , Batista García Ramón A.
Published: December 2021

No precisa de un resumen.
Analysis on Effect of COVID -19 on Property Valuation in Real Estate Market
Authors: Vishwakarma Urmika
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The valuation of real estate is a central tenet for all businesses. Land and property are factors of production and, as with any other asset, the value of the land flows from the use to which it is put, and that in turn is dependent upon the demand (and supply) for the product that is produced. Valuation, in its simplest form, is the determination of the amount for which the property will transact on a particular date. However, there is a wide range of purposes for which valuations are required. These range from valuations for purchase and sale, transfer, tax assessment, expropriation, inheritance or estate settlement, investment and financing. The objective of the paper is to provide a brief overview of the methods used in real estate valuation. Valuation methods can be grouped as traditional and advanced. The traditional methods are regression models, etc. MRA has been implemented by many researchers to study valuation of real property cite that MRA is possible for coefficient estimates and factor weightings using a large number of actual sale cases. Keywords: Real property, property valuation, multiple regression analysis, SWOT Analysis
Pesimismo, realismo y por los caminos (ambiguos) de Asia
Authors: Carmona Sánchez Luis Alberto
Published: December 2021

RESEÑA BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Relación de PM2,5 y Enfermedad Respiratoria Aguda en un territorio de Colombia: Modelos Aditivos Generalizados
Authors: Grisales-Romero Hugo de Jesús , Montealegre Nora , Piñeros Juan Gabriel , Ospina Dorian , Nieto Emmanuel
Published: December 2021

Introducción: El efecto deletéreo de material particulado fino exterior sobre la salud respiratoria de la población de niños y de adultos mayores, es de interés en salud pública. Objetivo: Establecer el efecto de la contaminación por Material Particulado de menos de 2,5 μm de diámetro (PM2,5), sobre la Enfermedad Respiratoria Aguda (ERA) en los menores de 5 y personas de mínimo 65 años, ajustado por variables meteorológicas y climáticas, en los municipios del Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá (Colombia), 2008 a 2015. Materiales y métodos: Estudio ecológico con información de la red de vigilancia de calidad del aire y de registros de prestación de servicios de salud. Se construyeron Modelos Aditivos Generalizados con función de enlace Poisson y suavización spline. Para cada rezago distribuido se calculó la medida de la asociación e intervalo de confianza. Resultados: Los casos de ERA aumentaron significativamente en los menores de 5 años en Envigado y Caldas (43,3% vs 29,6%) y en los de 65 y más años, en Medellín (13,2%) por cada incremento de 10 µg/m3 en PM2.5 al día quince a partir de la exposición. Conclusiones: Los eventos diarios respiratorios tuvieron especial frecuencia en Medellín y en municipios de la zona sur.
La fotografía en los procesos de activación y gestión patrimonial. Estudio sobre fotografía tehuelche en Santa Cruz
Authors: Marcial Lidia Natalia , Bessone Cristian
Published: December 2021

La imagen fotográfica entendida como artefacto cultural y sistema convencionalizado de representación, constituye en la actualidad uno de los principales focos analíticos de la investigación. En el presente artículo, se exponen los resultados de una pesquisa que analiza la situación del patrimonio fotográfico tehuelche en la provincia de Santa Cruz (Argentina). Para ello, se indaga los archivos y colecciones fotográficas de fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX, a modo de poder reflexionar sobre cómo estas imágenes han influido y determinado diversas identidades étnicas y la construcción de ciertos imaginarios sociales.
Al mismo tiempo, se indaga acerca del rol, usos y sentidos que estos acervos fotográficos pueden representar para los habitantes de la provincia, en tanto que se presentan como una herramienta para la reconstrucción de la memoria y de la generación de vínculos entre el pasado y el presente.
A TEORIA COMPLEXA E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES PARA UMA PROPOSTA DE EDUCAÇÃO INTEGRAL
Authors: Cabreira Jamile , Moser Bach Mariane
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo discutimos implicações que a proposta de educação integral traz para a promoção e emancipação humana/social do sujeito e de sua aprendizagem escolar. Mediante uma metodologia qualitativa e exploratória, são explicitados entendimentos acerca do conceito de educação integral e suas contribuições para uma prática interdisciplinar que possibilite a ligação dos saberes e das experiências de mundo vivenciadas pelos sujeitos. Os resultados colocam em destaque a educação integral como possibilidade para a promoção do sujeito em sua integralidade, e a necessidade de uma reforma educacional que contribua para um projeto societário emancipador do sujeito em questão. Nas conclusões é reafirmada a importância da educação integral no currículo escolar, como uma alternativa de nova proposta de educação na contemporaneidade, como uma possibilidade de reforma de pensamento em prol do desenvolvimento humano/social emancipatório.
GO Findit!
Authors: Voulund Rikke Straarup
Published: December 2021

DTU sætter med en storstilet kampagne fokus på det digitale bibliotek, DTU Findit.
Notes from Underground: In English
Authors: Nadel Ira
Published: December 2021

This chronological survey of English translations of Notes from Underground covering the years 1913–2014 evaluates the treatment of the text from various, often contradictory, perspectives. Well-known and unknown translators and editors offer sometimes opposing versions of the text aided by various ancillary materials which range from biographical information to a detailed chronology of Dostoevsky’s life plus excerpts from contemporary documents and modern critical evaluations. A number of the translations are designed expressly for students, others for those with limited or no knowledge of Dostoevsky, Russian history or the Russian language. No single introduction or translation emerges as the most insightful or accurate, although those of the last two decades are more idiomatic. Influencing this is often the background of the editor or translator. American editors focus on the context of Dostoevsky’s creation, English or Russian editors concentrate on the core elements that emphasize either the Russian literary tradition or late 19th century Russian politics and its importance for Dostoevsky’s conception of the story. Almost all editors consider the narrative experimentation of the work and the structural differences between Parts I and II. A number of the editors also address the Existential quality of the text, while translators confront the difficulties of capturing Dostoevsky’s sometime idiosyncratic prose.
Validez de instrumentos de reconocimiento y de síntesis de información para detección de aprendizajes significativos de ciencias según la teoría de Ausubel con estudiantes de grado noveno de secundaria
Authors: Salamanca-Meneses Ximena , Hernández Suárez Cesar Augusto , Gamboa Suárez Audin Aloiso
Published: December 2021

El presente estudio se basó en indagar ¿Cuál de los dos instrumentos utilizados en la enseñanza del gradonoveno, muestra mayor validez para detectar el aprendizaje significativo en las Ciencias Naturales, segúnla teoría de Ausubel?; esto, en la Institución Educativa Samoré, municipio de Toledo, departamento Norte deSantander, Colombia. Se empleó la investigación cuantitativa – causi experimental, con veinte estudiantesdel referido curso y plantel, así como la prueba de medias t de Student, usada a partir de las calificacionesobtenidas en cada prueba con escala de valoración de 0 a 10. Los resultados indicaron la diferencia entre losinstrumentos de enseñanza, gracias a que las pruebas de opción múltiple favorecen la evaluación cuantitativay, los mapas conceptuales la evaluación cualitativa. Se concluyó que existen diferencias significativas enla validez que tienen los instrumentos de síntesis de información e instrumentos de reconocimiento dela información para la de detección del aprendizaje significativo de Ciencias Naturales que incluye lasasignaturas Biología, Química y Física según la teoría de Ausubel, en los estudiantes de grado noveno. Estose evidenció porque las pruebas de reconocimiento de información tienen mayor grado de validez que laspruebas de mapas conceptuales
Que Comunicar No nos Cueste la Vida
Authors: Galvis Velandia Laura Nataly , Ortega Jessica , Duque Natalia
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo, parte de los resultados de la investigación titulada “Comunicación en contextos de riesgo:un estudio de caso de los periodistas de la agencia de comunicación popular Colombia Informa” realizado porel grupo de investigación de comunicación y medios (GICOM) a la agencia de comunicación popular ColombiaInforma, donde se realizo un abordaje desde lo conceptual frente a la comunicación, el periodismo, la censuray autocensura. Adicionalmente se analizaron los aspectos teóricos y conceptuales a la luz de la metodologíacualitativa con un estudio fenomenológico desde el contexto actual, dando como resultado aspectos relevantesfrente a la autoprotección y el reto de la autocensura, concluyendo en la importancia de la protección y novulneración de los derechos humanos aquellas personas que día a día luchan por informar la verdad
La protección universal a la libertad de prensa y de expresión. ¿Un derecho constitucional sin garantía?
Authors: Guzmán Cartagena Nicolás Enrique
Published: December 2021

A pesar del mandato constitucional establecido en el artículo primero de la Constitución Política de Colombia ,en el país, sigue siendo precario el nivel de participación ciudadana en la construcción de la paz, en ese sentido,el derecho internacional ha jugado un papel determinante marcando aquellas pautas y lineamientos de cómo sedeben afrontar situaciones de extrema necesidad en la culturización de determinadas conductas ajenas al buencomportamiento de una sociedad, ya lo mencionó el analista israelí Shlomo Ben Ami hace algunos años “laguerra la hacen los guerreros, la paz la sociedad”, creemos, al igual que el profesor Ami, que estos espaciosde construcción tomaran tiempo en la cual se avanzará a fin de llegar al mismo anhelo de una paz estable yduradera. De este modo, respondiendo a las directrices internacionales, el Constituyente primario atendió este llamado estableciendo en el artículo 20 de la Constitución Política de Colombia el derecho fundamental “la libertadde expresión y difusión de pensamiento”, junto con lo reglado por el artículo 74 en el cual se establece lainviolabilidad del secreto profesional, de esta forma, se considera pieza angular la masiva difusión deinformación de carácter justa, verídica e imparcial sea cual sea su denominación, siempre y cuando bajo ciertascaracterísticas no se genere apología al delito o a la comisión de violaciones contra los reconocidos derechoshumanos.
Animated Video in Teaching Reading Comprehension Viewed from the Students’ Reading Interest
Authors: Sari Ani Sartika
Published: December 2021

The purposes of this study are to find out whether (1) animated video is effective in teaching reading comprehension, (2) students with high reading interest have better reading comprehension achievement than those with low reading interest, and (3) there is an interaction between the teaching media and the students’ reading interest in teaching reading comprehension. This study is experimental research. The population of this study is the students of MTs Negeri Prambanan. Two classes were taken as the sample, and the sampling technique used was cluster random sampling. This study applied tests and a questionnaire in collecting the data and Kolmogorov-Smirnov formula, One Way ANOVA, and multifactor analysis of variance in analyzing the data. Based on the result of data analysis, the research findings are: (1) animated video is effective in teaching reading comprehension of the students in MTs Negeri Prambanan (Fobtain = 7.60, Sig. Value 0,05); (2) the students in MTs Negeri Prambanan with high reading interest have better reading comprehension achievement than those with low reading interest (Fobtain = 9.19, Sig. Value 0,05); (3) there is an interaction between the teaching media and the students’ reading interest in teaching reading comprehension of the students in MTs Negeri Prambanan (Fobtain = 6.15, Sig. Value 0,05). Based on these research findings, it can be concluded that animated video is effective in teaching reading comprehension of the students of MTs Negeri Prambanan. It brings improvement to the students’ reading comprehension achievement.
Implicancias e intervenciones del ejercicio de la psicología en el ámbito educativo: aconteceres actuales
Authors: Bertolez Alejandra , Otero Signorelli Magalí
Published: December 2021

El ejercicio profesional de psicólogos en el ámbito educativo se construye teniendo encuenta: el contexto, lo global, lo multidimensional y lo complejo. En este ensayo, seconsidera que, para entender el quehacer del psicólogo educacional y los problemaseducativos actuales, se hace necesario contextualizarlos, realizando un análisis quecontemple la diversidad y que considere la presencia de múltiples dimensiones queintervienen en la educación: lo biológico, psicológico, social, pedagógico. El trabajode encuadre institucional considera el abordaje desde la perspectiva compleja, dondese comprende la escuela como institución educativa que vincula, reúne y administraformaciones y procesos heterogéneos -sociales, políticos, culturales, económicos,psíquicos- que atraviesan a los sujetos que transitan y habitan en ella, construyendoexperiencia, alteridad y subjetividad.
Ancient mitochondrial genomes recovered from small vertebrate bones through minimally destructive DNA extraction: phylogeography of the New Zealand gecko genus Hoplodactylus.
Authors: Scarsbrook Lachie , Verry Alexander , Walton Kerry , Hitchmough Rodney , Rawlence Nic
Published: December 2021

Methodological and technological improvements are continually
revolutionizing the field of ancient DNA. Most ancient DNA extraction
methods require the partial (or complete) destruction of finite museum
specimens, which disproportionately impacts small or fragmentary
subfossil remains, and future analyses. We present a minimally
destructive ancient DNA extraction method optimized for small vertebrate
remains. We applied these methods to detect lost mainland genetic
diversity in the large New Zealand diplodactylid gecko genus
Hoplodactylus, which is presently restricted to predator-free island
sanctuaries. We present the first mitochondrial genomes for New Zealand
diplodactylid geckos, recovered from 19 modern, six historic/archival
(1898 to 2011) and 16 Holocene Hoplodactylus duvaucelii sensu latu
specimens, and one modern Woodworthia sp. specimen. No obvious damage
was observed in post-extraction micro-CT reconstructions. All ‘large
gecko’ specimens examined from extinct populations were found to be
conspecific with extant Hoplodactylus species, suggesting their large
relative size evolved only once in the New Zealand diplodactylid
radiation. Phylogenetic analyses of Hoplodactylus samples recovered two
genetically (and morphologically) distinct North and South Island
clades, probably corresponding to distinct species. Finer
phylogeographic structuring within Hoplodactylus spp. highlighted the
impacts of Late-Cenozoic biogeographic barriers, including the opening
and closure of Pliocene marine straits, fluctuations in size and
suitability of glacial refugia, and eustatic sea-level change. Recent
mainland extinction obscured these signals from the modern tissue
derived data. These results highlight the utility of minimally
destructive DNA extraction in genomic analyses of less well studied
small vertebrate taxa, and the conservation of natural history
collections.
Atypical Presentation of Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency ADA2 Deficiency
Authors: AlShaikh Reem Ali , Alnowaiser Dimah Saad , Zada Abdul Ali Peer , AlMutairi Awatif , AlGhamdi Hamzah
Published: December 2021

Here we report on a challenging diagnosis of VIAHS in a patient who
presented at a very early age with a perianal abscess with fistula
formation, fever, aphthous ulcers, bicytopenia, and hematochezia. Marked
phenotypic variability can occur, and screening for families should be
initiated in those with ADA2 mutation.
Second Hankel determinant for certain subclass of bi-univalent functions
Authors: Salehian Safa , Motamednezhad Ahmad
Published: December 2021

The main purpose of this paper is to obtain an upper bound for the second
Hankel determinant for functions belonging to a subclass of bi-univalent
functions in the open unit disk in the complex plane. Furthermore, the
presented results in this work improve or generalize the recent works of
other authors.
New additive results for Cauchy dual and MP-inverse of weighted composition operators
Authors: Sohrabi Morteza
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we prove some basic results for Cauchy dual of weighted
composition operators. Also we introduce some new classes of operators,
called ?-hyponormal, ?-quasi-hyponormal, and we provide necessary and
sufficient conditions for Cauchy dual and MP-inverse of weighted composition
operators on L2(?) to belong to these classes. In addition, we study the
complex symmetry of these types of operators. Moreover, some examples are
provided to illustrate the obtained results.
On G-mappings defined by G-methods and G-topological groups
Authors: Chen Jiewen , Zhang Jing
Published: December 2021

In this note, the concepts of (G1,G2)-open, (G1,G2)-closed, (G1,G2)-quotient
and (G1,G2)-perfect mappings on arbitrary sets are introduced and some
theorems on them are established firstly. In particular, some results
improve the corresponding results in [17]. Secondly, we give a partial
answer to the question posed by L. Liu [14]. Finally, some properties of
G-topological groups, G-connectedness and totally G-disconnectedness in
G-topological groups are discussed.
Generalized Jacobson’s lemma for generalized Drazin inverses
Authors: Chen Huanyin , Abdolyousefi Marjan
Published: December 2021

We present new generalized Jacobson?s lemma for generalized Drazin inverses.
This extends the main results on g-Drazin inverse of Yan, Zeng and Zhu
(Linear & Multilinear Algebra, 68(2020), 81-93).
New integral inequalities for strongly nonconvex functions involving Raina function
Authors: Kashuri Artion , Mihai Marcela , Awan Muhammad , Noor Muhammad , Noor Khalida
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the authors defined a new general class of functions, the
so-called strongly (h1,h2)-nonconvex function involving F??,?(?) (Raina
function). Utilizing this, some Hermite-Hadamard type integral inequalities
via generalized fractional integral operator are obtained. Some new results
as a special cases are given as well.
Pejzaż dźwiękowy sztetla we wspomnieniach dzieci i młodzieży żydowskiej w międzywojennej Polsce
Authors: Jeż Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę przybliżenia pejzażu dźwiękowego małych miasteczek w międzywojennej Polsce. Audiosferę sztetla budowały osadzone w jego topografii dźwięki podlegające rytmom życia ludzkiego, pór roku i wydarzeń społecznych – dźwięki codzienności, której częścią była też muzyka. Różnorodność etnicznai kulturowa, jaką przedstawiała miejscowa społeczność, odzwierciedlała się w sferze jej aktywności muzycznej. Dzieci żydowskie obserwowały ten świat z innej perspektywy niż dorośli. „Muzyka miasteczka” już od najmłodszych lat kształtowała ich tożsamość, opartą na silnej identyfikacji z własną grupą, lecz także na nierozerwalnej więzi z najbliższym otoczeniem. Uczestnicząc w życiu, dzieci nie tylko były biernymi odbiorcami audiosfery, lecz same przyczyniały się do jej wzbogacania, przygotowując powoli sztetl do przemian czasów nowoczesności.