bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Una dama chilena defiende al Rey Prudente: la conferencia de Martina Barros sobre Felipe II, 1926
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, Villanueva Javier Hipólito
Published: January 2024

El trabajo busca analizar la figura de Martina Barros como una precursora de los estudios de Felipe II en el medio historiográfico chileno de principios del siglo XX. Mediante el análisis cualitativo de su ensayo Felipe II y El Escorial, se identificarán sus principales aportes y las obras que empleó para argumentar su posición. Con ello, se determinará su nivel de actualización y conocimiento sobre el tema. Por otro lado, se busca explicar el contexto de producción que le permitió llegar a ese resultado: su formación (autodidacta), sus impulsores (tío materno y marido), el contexto socioinstitucional (experiencias después de viajes, feminismo liberal y de élite, Club de Señoras). De este modo, se puede conocer una faceta poco conocida de esta importante intelectual chilena. Su importancia radica en que se insertó en el debate acerca de la «Leyenda Negra» de Felipe II, a pesar de que en ninguna parte del ensayo alude a ello.
Orígenes de la biografía criminal del ícono cultural Quintrala. Análisis de un expediente por intento de asesinato (1633)
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Eltit Concha Bernardita
Published: January 2024

Este artículo aborda el origen de los relatos que tienen como protagonista a Catalina de los Ríos Lisperguer –la Quintrala– situándolo en la documentación colonial conservada en torno a su figura, y desestimando la idea de que el creador del denominado «mito Quintrala» fue Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna, lectura que ha preferido la crítica especializada. El concepto clave a partir del cual se analizan estos documentos judiciales, que circularon en la Real Audiencia y el Consejo de Indias en la década de 1630, es el de fábula judicial, en tanto es su dimensión narrativa y literaria la que es relevada. Específicamente, se analizan las causas contenidas en el expediente por el intento de asesinato de Luis Banegas (1633), a partir de tres aspectos: el contexto que las explica, su existencia textual y la idea de escándalo que las atraviesa. El rescate de estas narraciones, al momento de ponderar el sentido y la vigencia de un ícono cultural como la Quintrala, es fundamental ya que no solo constituyen las primeras versiones conservadas acerca de su vida, sino que van a imprimir algunos de sus sentidos en decenas de obras posteriores publicadas acerca de este personaje histórico.
Las judías de Castilla en la baja Edad Media: estrategias y resistencias ante la justicia
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Somoza Tamara , Membrado Sofía
Published: January 2024

El artículo estudia la experiencia de las judías castellanas durante el siglo XV con el objetivo de analizar las modalidades de su intervención ante diferentes jurisdicciones. A través de un examen cualitativo de documentación judicial se abordan las problemáticas y conflictividades que las atravesaban, así como las estrategias agenciadas para sortearlas. Pese a que existían formas de subordinación de género específicas dadas por la identidad religiosa, no eran óbice para que protagonizaran litigios o participaran en la formulación de reclamos colectivos. Los estereotipos de género fueron manipulados según el contexto y los objetivos requeridos por cada justiciable. En su experiencia judicial, los condicionantes y las estrategias propias de su identidad judía tuvieron un lugar relevante.
Evaluation of Entamoeba Histolytica on Food and Non-Food Contact Surfaces among Students Residing in School Hostels at the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: O Olaniran
Published: January 2024

Amoebiasis stands as a prominent contributor to parasitic-related fatalities on a global scale, an estimated 50 million instances of invasive Entamoeba histolytica disease manifest annually, potentially leading to up to 100,000 deaths. The study examines the presence of E. histolytica on food and non-food contact surfaces among students residing within the hostel of the Obafemi Awolowo University. During the study, 50 samples were randomly collected from different rooms of 7 halls of residence. The study was carried out to determine prevalence of amoebiasis infection among students residing in the halls of residence at the Obafemi Awolowo University. Samples were collected using sterile swab sticks from surfaces in both food contact and non-food contact. Sterile water was added to each of the swab sticks and centrifuged. The saline and iodine preparations from the sediment were examined under microscope using x10 and x 40 objective lens for cyst of the parasite. The result of this study shows a high prevalence of E. histolytica parasites of 22%. Of the hall of residence, the highest prevalence was observed at Fajuyi Hall (8%), followed by Moremi Hall (6%) and Akintola Hall (4%), while the lowest prevalence rate was observed at ETF Hall and PG Hall both at 2%. The prevalence of the E. histolytica parasite among surfaces directly in contact with food was 18%, while the overall prevalence of E. histolytica parasites of non-food contact stood at 4%. On food contact, Moremi hall has the highest prevalence of E. histolytica with 4% on plate, Fajuyi 2% on both pot and frying pan, while 2% were observed on spoon and grater in Akintola respectively. On non-food contact, 2% prevalence was observed on gas cooker and on table top in both Fajuyi and Moremi halls. The high prevalence of E. histolytica can be attributed to the poor hygiene of students and the contamination from the source of purchase of food items and water source. Therefore, it is recommended that the student populace be sensitized on personal hygiene, mode of transmission of the parasite and information on the preventive measures should be passing across to the student in order to prevent further transmission of the parasite.
Book Review ‘ Thalassaemia Module’
Authors: Iqbal Uqbah
Published: January 2024

Thalassemia is a hereditary blood disorder (genetic disease) that interferes with the formation of normal red blood cells. Thalassemia patients produce red blood cells that is easily broken or destroyed in the blood. Deficiencies normal red blood cells will cause the patient often appear pale due to low hemoglobin levels (anaemia). Red blood cells supply oxygen to tissues in the humans’ body. This lack of red blood cells results in the Thalassemia patient feels lethargic, lifeless and may be short of breath if the hemoglobin level is decreasing. This book explains about Thalassemia disease, list important facts about Thalassemia disease, stating the physical characteristics of Thalassemia patients, list the signs and symptoms of Thalassemia disease, states treatment for Thalassemia patients in general, explain preventive measures and describe Thalassemia disease among teenagers
Occurrence of Dendostrea Sp. In Egypt (Southeastern Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Moussa Ragia
Published: January 2024

This work is the first confirmed record of Dendostrea sp. on the Egyptian coast, the Mediterranean Sea. The present genus has seven species; three of them were previously recorded in Mediterranean Sea; Dendostrea folium (Linnaeus, 1758) WoRMS MolluscaBase
Advances of Ultrasonography in Healthcare of Wild Animals
Authors: Gazi* Mohsin
Published: January 2024

Nowadays we are familiarised with a number of imaging procedures and diagnostic modalities that help us in diseases diagnosis and many of these have been adapted for use in animals. Ultrasound is among the most rapidly advancing imaging techniques that is becoming increasingly important in veterinary practices for precise diagnosis of a disease, it is safe diagnostic technique that provides information about insights of internal structures of organs and carry information about any deformity in the form of images. This article is a brief review that highlights the importance and uses of ultrasonography in animals.
Behavioral Effects of Extracts and Compounds Isolated from Erythrina Velutina (Mulungu) in Rats
Authors: I* Lebrun
Published: January 2024

In many countries and also Brazil, the extracts or infusions of fresh plants are used to treat common infections or diseases, mainly in the countryside and among the indigenous people. The popular knowledge of the medicinal plants contributes a lot to the benefit of the human health, and directly could help for new discoveries of medicines. The antinociceptive effect is an important target for new active compounds to be searched, in part due to the increase in human life expectation, on the other hand for new cheaper compounds to the low income population, and finally, with new properties or less side effects. In the current work, extracts obtained from Erythrina velutina seeds, commonly used against snake bites, were tested for the capacity to neutralize the nociceptive effects induced by the hot plate test and anxiety behavior with combination of the open field and the elevated plus maze. Tested animals (rats) with different extracts of seed demonstrated analgesic effect with the animal on hot plate. The animals also increased wandering in the open field and even the numbers of entries and the time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze. That demonstrated that lesser anxiety levels allow longer and more frequent exploration periods of the open arms, suggesting that Erythrina velutina has strong anxiolytic properties compared to the control anxiolytic diazepam, it could serve as a new approach for the treatment anxiety.
A Mixed Studies on Bird Strikes with Special Emphasis on their Management
Authors: A* Kabir
Published: January 2024

This article has an impact to minimize the bird strikes in Bangladesh or airports of other countries. A great source of online supplements helped to complete this write-up. Many birds strike in various times in home and abroad focused a clear idea on this topic. Results showed that many airports located near sea or small forests, so wildlife are common there. In Europe and USA, most strikes found for the activities of lapwings, gulls, and starlings. In Bangladesh, kites were the most hazardous birds at the airports. Six species of crows observed in the airports with their lowest hazards (5%), highest was happened by six species of gulls (33%) (Figure 1, Table 1). It is impossible to ignore wildlife from the airports. In this regard, concerning authorities should come forward through providing enough funds in order to enrich this wildlife control sector. Till now, only proper inspection before landing and takeoff of aircraft could resolve this unwanted bird strikes at the airports.
Anti-Hypertensive Medication Adherence and Associated Factors among Adult Hypertensive Patients at Dilla University Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia
Authors: Madoro Derebe
Published: January 2024

Background: Hypertension is a global public health challenge that contributes to the burden of hypertensive heart disease, stroke, renal failure, premature morbidity, and mortality. The availability of effective antihypertensive medications didn’t bring expected outcomes in terms of adherence for antihypertensive medication. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess antihypertensive medication adherence and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients at Dilla university referral hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted, at Dilla University Referral Hospital from June 10, 2021, to July 10, 2021, and 205 study participants were selected from the study population using a systematic random sampling procedure. Patients in the study were interviewed while their medical records were reviewed using a data abstraction sheet. Adherence was assessed using an eight-item Morisky Medication adherence scale (MMAS-8); a MMAS-8 score of less than 6 was considered non-adherence, and a MMAS-8 score greater than or equal to 6 was considered adherence. Factors associated with adherence were identified using binary and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The crude odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were calculated using SPSS version 20. Variables with a P-value <0.05 in the multivariable analysis were assumed to be statistically significant factors. Results: 205 respondents were interviewed, with a response rate of 100%. More than half (57.6%) of the study participants were male. 65.3% (58.784–71.816) of the study participants were found to be adherent to their medication. Longer Duration of diagnosis of hypertension (AOR =0.280, 95% CI = 0.025–0.836), participants who can’t read and write (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.00-0840), and traditional drug users (AOR =0.15, 95% CI =0.003-0.489) were inversely significant associated with antihypertensive medication adherence. Conclusion: An adhesion level of 65.3% was found to be suboptimal. Traditional drug users, being uneducated and the duration of the diagnosis of hypertension were adversely influencing medication adherence. Therefore, routine health education and awareness creation are strongly recommended
Orientações práticas para a prescrição de exercício físico na Diabetes nos Cuidados de Saúde Primários
Authors:   Unidade de Saúde Familiar Marginal, ACeS de Cascais, Xavier Rocha Leonor , da Costa Teixeira Filipa ,   Unidade de Saúde Familiar Quinta das Lindas, ACeS Lisboa Ocidental e Oeiras, Lima Raquel ,   Cuidar, ACeS de Entre Douro e Vouga I – Feira / Arouca
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic, reaching 14.1% of the Portuguese population. Physical exercise is one of the pillars of the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Regular physical exercise improves glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and regulates blood pressure. High-intensity interval training (HIIT), indicated for younger individuals with better physical condition, demonstrated superior efficacy to low-intensity exercise. Training combined with aerobic and resistance exercise shows superior results than either mode alone, with a greater reduction in haemoglobin A1c (HA1c).
FMUPorto - Summaries and comments
Authors:   Serviço de Medicina Física e da Reabilitação no Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve, Perteira Paiva Bruno
Published: January 2024

Successful 10-second one-legged stance performance predicts survival in middle-aged and older individuals
EVALUATION OF BASALT FIBER REINFORCED ROLLER COMPACTED CONCRETE CONTAINING COAL POWDER FOR PAVEMENT
Authors:   Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Yildizel Sadik Alper , Armagan Kemal ,   Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The utilization of colored roller compacted concrete (RCC) for pavements in order to mitigate the urban heat island effect is a popular approach: increasing solar reflectance can reduce the effect. The paper explores the possibility of applying the reverse mechanism for regions with cold climates. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the mechanical, durability and solar reflectance properties of roller compacted concrete with coal powder (CP) and basalt fiber (BF) additives for pavement. Methods: an UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer was utilized for the albedo measurements. Consistency of the specimens was determined with Vebe consistometer. Compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths were recorded at 7, 28 and 90 days. Frost resistance of the specimens was also investigated. Result: The combined utilization of 5% CP and 0.5% BF showed great performance for the roller compacted concrete pavements. Furthermore, the obtained albedo values also have the potential to increase the ambient temperature in cold climates.
The Relationship Between Parental Involvement and Children’s Moral Development PAUD Asmaul Husna Padang City
Authors: Fadilla Daswif Fanny , Ismaniar Ismaniar
Published: January 2024

This research is motivated by the low moral development of children, this is thought to be caused by parents are less involved in their child’s development. This study aims to (1) describe parental involvement (2) describe moral development of children (3) describe the relationship between parental involvement and the moral development of children in PAUD Asmaul Husna Kota Padang City. This study uses a quantitative approach with a correlational type. The population of this study were parents whose children attended PAUD Asmaul Husna Padang City, totaling 21 people. The sampling technique using cluster random sampling was taken 75% of the population, namely 16 people. Dta collection techniques and data collection tools in the form a list of statements. Data analysis techniques use percentage and rank orders. The result of this study indicate that (1) parental involvement in children in PAUD Asmaul Husna Padang City is categorized as low. (2) Moral development of children in PAUD Asmaul Husna Padang City is categorized as low. (3) The result of data processing show that there is a significant relationship between parental involvement and children’s moral development in PAUD Asmaul Husna Padang City, this is proven and it is found that the results of rcount are greater than rtabel.Keywords: parental involvement, moral development children
The Relationship Between Work Motivation And Work Readiness Of Participants Taking Part In Mtu Based Sewing Training At Blk Padang Panjang
Authors: Wulandari Putri , Dasa Putri Lili
Published: January 2024

This research was motivated by investing in the relationship between work motivation and work readiness of participants who took part in sewing training based on the Mobile Training Unit at the Padang Panjang Job Training Center. This research is a quantitative and correlational approach. The population of this study were all sewing training participants in 2023 with a total of 64 participants and they had completed the training from February to April for 6 meetings. Researchers used the Cluster Random Sampling method. With a sample size of 50% of the population. The number of training participants in 2023 will be 64 training participants, while the population that will be taken will be 32 training participants. The data collection tool is a questionnaire, and the data collection technique is a questionnaire. And the techniques used in data analysis are the percentage formula and the Product Moment correlation formula. The research results show that: 1) The work motivation of participants taking part in mobile training unit-based sewing training at the Padang Panjang Job Training Center (BLK) is relatively low, this is shown by the respondents' statements in the research instrument which are dominated by infrequent answers, 2). The work readiness of participants who took part in sewing training based on the Mobile Training Unit at the Padang Panjang Job Training Center (BLK) was categorized as less ready, this can be seen from the statements filled in by respondents in the research instrument which was dominated by rare answers, 3). There is a relationship between work motivation and work readiness of participants taking part in mobile training unit-based sewing training at the Padang Panjang Job Training Center (BLK). because the rxy value: 0.887 > 0.349, and the significance value: 0 < 0.05, which means there is a relationship. The results of data analysis show that there is a significant positive relationship between work motivation and work readiness. Participants who have high work motivation tend to have a better level of work readiness.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH CONTINUOUS RUNNING DAN HIGH INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING TERHADAP PENINGKATAN CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS PADA SISWA SMAN 83 JAKARTA DENGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK RENDAH
Authors: Nasirudin Yusuf , Humaira Inayah , Abida Liza Laela
Published: January 2024

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Aktivitas fisik merupakan setiap gerakan yang dihasilkan oleh otot rangka serta memerlukan pengeluaran energi. Aktivitas fisik rendah akan mengakibatkan cardiorespiratory fitness yang buruk sehingga mudah lelah saat menjalankan aktivitas. Aktivitas fisik yang rendah yaitu ketidakmampuan seseorang untuk memenuhi pedoman aktivitas fisik perminggu. Cardiorespiratory fitness adalah kemampuan tubuh melakukan tugas dan pekerjaan sehari hari tanpa mengalami kelelahan yang berarti. Cardiorespiratoy Fitness dapat berperan dalam menunjang prestasi siswa di sekolah. Latihan yang dapat meningkatkan Cardiorespiratory fitness adalah Continuous running dan High intensity interval training. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat quasi eksperimental dengan pendekatan two group pre dan post test. Sampel terdiri dari 21 orang siswa di SMAN 83 Jakarta yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil: Uji statistik dengan menggunakan program SPSS pada uji Paired sample t-test pada kelompok continuous running dengan p value sebesar 0,001 yang dimana p<0,05 dan pada kelompok High intensity interval training dengan p value sebesar 0,000 yang dimana p<0,05. Hasil uji Independent sample t-test diperoleh nilai p value sebesar 0,011 yang dimana p<0,05. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan pengaruh continuous running dan high intensity interval training terhadap cardiorespiratory fitness dimana high intensity interval training lebih dapat meningkatkan cardiorespiratory fitness pada siswa SMAN 83 Jakarta dengan aktivitas fisik rendah.
Assessment of the Sustainable Development of Russian Regions
Authors:   North-West Institute of Management - Branch of RANEPA, Saint Petersburg, Belov Valeriy I. ,   A.S. Pushkin Leningrad State University
Published: January 2024

The relevance of the research topic lies in the fact that increasing the level of sustainable development of Rus-sian regions not only acts as an administrative and legal task related to the fulfillment of mandatory legislative requirements imposed on economic entities and regions, but is economically beneficial in the long term, since it is based on the reduction of energy costs in the production of various products, leading to an increase in the competitiveness of individual enterprises, regions and the country as a whole. In this regard, the article presents a methodology for assessing the level of sustainable development of the region, which allows, on the one hand, to identify the main factors affecting its improvement, and on the other hand, to develop such incidental tools and mechanisms that would most stimulate the achievement of target benchmarks by regional authori-ties. The article contains elements of novelty in the statement of the research problem, presented methodol-ogy for assessing the level of sustainable development of the region. As a result, the work contributes to the assessment support of management decisions at the regional level as part of the implementation of sustaina-ble development concept.
The Contradiction of the Russian Economy and the Mechanism for Resolving Them in the Context of Import Dependence
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zadoynov Sergey A. , Magerramov Isa I. ,   St. Petersburg State University, Forostyannyy Nikita S. ,   Baltic State Technical University “VOENMEH” named after D.F. Ustinov
Published: January 2024

The article examines the modern economic model of Russia and the gaps in the existing import substitution policy. In the course of the work, contradictions of economic institutions were identified, the structural causes of the crisis of the debt build-up model, the question of the introduction of a sovereign development plan was raised, the definition of the plan was given, conditions for sustainable economic growth were described, a model of the economy of innovative development was proposed, taking into account the mistakes of the “debt build-up economy” with the aim of developing Russia as a center of global importance. Based on the analysis, the proposals for the transition to a new economic policy and the use of tools for its implementation on the ba-sis of a system of short- and long-term state planning of socio-economic development are substantiated. A methodology for the formation of a unified strategy for socio-economic development is proposed in order to mitigate emerging strategic risks in the context of external aggression.
La poesía como esperanza. Notas a partir de la traducción de once poemas de Arcadio Pardo
Authors: Breysse-Chanet Laurence
Published: January 2024

Las Jornadas «De París a Valladolid: la recuperación de Arcadio Pardo» (Valladolid, 30 noviembre-1 diciembre de 2022), con la participación de profesores y especialistas de la Universidad de Valladolid, ensalzaron la calidad de la obra del poeta castellano Arcadio Pardo. Hermēneus se suma a este reconocimiento con la publicación de la ponencia de la catedrática de la Universidad de Sorbona Laurence Breysse-Chanet, quien nos ofrece una reflexión sobre la poesía de Arcadio Pardo desde el poder cognoscitivo de la traducción, a raíz de once elecciones de textos del poemario recopilatorio de toda su obra Ardimientos, ajenidades y lejanías, cuya traducción al francés se incluye.
PENGGUNAAN VOKATIF NAMA DIRI TERHADAP MITRA TUTUR DALAM TINGKAT TUTUR BAHASA SUNDA
Authors: Wahya Wahya
Published: January 2024

Penggunaan vokatif nama diri, baik berbentuk utuh maupun penggalan, terhadap mitra tutur dalam tingkat tutur bahasa Sunda dapat terjadi, baik dalam tingkat tutur kode akrab maupun dalam tingkat tutur kode hormat. Demikian pula hubungan yang terdapat di antara penutur dan mitra tutur dalam penggunaan vokatif nama diri tersebut dapat diamati dalam penggunaan tingkat tutur bahasa Sunda. Penelitian ini mencoba mengungkapan masalah di atas. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik catat. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode padan, yakni padan referensial dengan pendekatan sosiolinguistik. Sumber data yang digunakan merupakan sumber data tertulis tunggal, yaitu buku fiksi berbahasa Sunda yang berjudul Bentang Hariring (2016) karya Dian Hendrayana. Berdasarkan kriteria data yang ditentukan, dari sumber data yang digunakan tersebut ditemukan 33 data kalimat yang memuat bentuk vokatif nama diri, yakni 18 kalimat termasuk tindak tutur kode akrab dan 15 kalimat termasuk tindak tutur kode hormat. Selanjutnya, hubungan sosial yang terdapat di antara penutur dan mitra tutur pada penggunaan vokatif nama diri dalam tingkat tutur kode akrab dan tingkat tutur kode hormat sebagi berikut. Tingkat tutur kode akrab yang memuat vokatif nama diri utuh dan penggalan terhadap mitra tutur masing-masing memiliki hubungan sosial empat jenis dan satu jenis. Tingkat tutur kode hormat yang memuat vokatif nama diri utuh dan penggalan terhadap mitra tutur masing-masing memiliki hubungan sosial enam jenis dan satu jenis. Hubungan sosial antara penutur dan mitra tutur pada penggunaan vokatif nama diri penggalan, baik pada tingkat tutur kode akrab maupun pada tingkat tutur kode hormat hanya terdapat pada satu hubungan sosial, yaitu pertemanan.
STEM ROL KİMLİKLERİ ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: EREN Emine , DÖKME İlbilge
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencileri için geliştirilen STEM rol kimlikleri ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanmasıdır. Ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenilirliğine ilişkin veriler 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında Ankara ilinde öğrenim gören 225 ortaokul öğrencisinin katılımı ile elde edilmiştir. Orijinal ölçme aracında STEM rol kimliği dört faktörlü yapıya sahiptir. Ölçeğin Türk kültürüne uyarlanmış formunun da benzer yapıya sahip olup olmadığını belirlemek amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. DFA sonucunda orijinal ölçme aracı ile benzer şekilde dört faktörü yapı mükemmel ve iyi uyum değerleri ile doğrulanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini test etmek için Cronbach Alpha katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği 0,90 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak STEM çalışmalarına kimlik perspektifinden bakmaya olanak sağlayacak geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda STEM rol kimliği hakkında daha fazla araştırmaya kapı aralayacak nicel bir ölçme aracı ulusal literatüre kazandırılmıştır. Bu ölçme aracı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin STEM’i ne kadar kendileri ile ilişkilendirdikleri ve özdeşleştirdikleri hakkında daha fazla bilgiye sahip olma imkanı sağlayacaktır.
ÇOCUKLARA KARAGÖZ OYUNU İLE ATASÖZÜ ÖĞRETİMİ
Authors: DELEN Mahmut , TOYRAN Mehmet
Published: January 2024

Dünyanın pek çok yerinde çeşitli biçimlerde varlığını sürdüren gölge oyununun milattan önceye varan bir geçmişi olduğu bilinmektedir. Türklere ait bir gölge oyunu olan Karagöz ise uzun bir dönem, halkın hayatında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Kıraathanelerde, toplu eğlencelerde ilgi ile takip edilen Karagöz, belli bir dönem Osmanlı sarayında dahi oynatılarak, toplumun her kesimine hitap etmeyi başaran bir sanat olmuştur. Karagöz oyunu, güldürü ögelerini içinde barındırarak hiciv ile toplumun ve idarenin aksayan yönlerini de konu ettiği için zaman zaman sansür ve baskılara maruz kalmıştır. Bu dönemlerde bir çıkış kapısı olarak mizah unsurları ile oyunu yaşatma düşüncesi içine giren ustalar, oyunu yaşatmayı başarsa da Karagöz’ün yalnızca çocuklara yönelik görülmesine dönük oluşan yanlış algıya mâni olamamışlardır. Günümüzde geleneksel olarak kâr-ı kadim denilen şekilde ve nev icad ismi verilen yeni biçimlerde hâlâ varlığını sürdüren oyun, binlerce yıllık geleneği, renkleri, dilin kullanımı ve didaktik yanı ile öğretim materyali olarak kullanılmaya uygun nitelikler göstermektedir. Karagöz sanatçılarının geleneğe bağlı olarak ürettiği pek çok oyun, hem derin kültür bağlarını ortaya çıkarması hem de çoklu zekâ kuramına göre görsel ve işitsel özellikleri barındırması ile Türkçe öğretiminde kullanılması gerektiği düşünülen özellikler sergilemektedir. Karagöz’ün bir değer ve sanat olarak ortaya konulmasının yanında işlevsel olarak kullanılması da gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmada 4000’in üzerinde Karagöz oyunu sergileyen Hayalî Kemal Atangür’ün çocuklara yönelik hazırladığı öğretici bir oyundan alınan metin aracılığı ile atasözlerinin öğretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında atasözü öğretim amacı taşıyan kısa bir Karagöz oyunu örneği sunulmuş; metin içinde geçen atasözleri, bağlamları ile öğrencilere sunulur hâlde kurgulanmıştır. Örnek olarak eserde geçen atasözlerinin anlam bakımından öğrencilerin sezerek anlayacağı biçimde sunulmasının, yapılandırmacı eğitime göre sağlayarak edinilen bilgileri kalıcı kılacağı düşünülmektedir.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ COĞRAFİ KAVRAMLARIN ÇOCUKLARA ÖĞRETİMİNE YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: YILMAZ Hilal , AYDEMİR Arcan
Published: January 2024

Araştırmanın amacı okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının coğrafi kavramların çocuklara öğretimine yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseni ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2023-2024 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği programı 3. sınıfa devam eden 29 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Betimsel ve içerik analizleri teknikleriyle çözümlenen veriler doğrultusunda birtakım sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının okul öncesinde coğrafi kavram olarak en çok yer şekilleri kavramını ifade ettiklerine ulaşılmıştır. Okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının tamamına yakını çocuklara coğrafya öğretiminin gerekli olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Çalışma grubunda yer alan öğretmen adaylarının çoğu lisans düzeyinde coğrafya ile ilgili bir ders almadığını belirtirken, öğretimi konusunda kendilerini orta düzeyde yeterli olarak ifade etmişlerdir. Okul öncesinde coğrafi kavramların öğretiminde kullanılabilecek yöntem ve teknikleri daha çok gösterip yaptırma ve beyin fırtınası şeklinde ifade eden öğretmen adayları süreçte kullanılabilecek etkinlikleri de sanat etkinliği ve Türkçe etkinliği şeklinde ifade etmişlerdir. Okul öncesinde coğrafya öğretiminde etkili olan faktörler daha çok aile, öğretmen ve çevre olarak belirtilmiştir. Coğrafi kavram öğretiminde kullanılabilecek okul dışı öğrenme ortamları en çok okul bahçesi olarak ifade edilmiştir. Coğrafi kavram öğretiminde kullanılabilecek materyal olarak ise en çok dünya küresi belirtilmiştir.
Quantitative morphologic study of the pituitary and thyroid glands of dogs administered l-thyroxine
Authors: Panciera David L. , Atkins Clarke E. , Bosu William T. K. , MacEwen E. Gregory
Published: January 2024

To determine the effects of long-term thyroxine treatment, histomorphometric analysis was performed on the pituitary and thyroid glands of healthy dogs, dogs treated for 9 weeks with a replacement dose of l-thyroxine, and dogs at 6 weeks after cessation of thyroxine treatment. In treated dogs, the volume density of thyrotropes decreased during thyroxine treatment and increased 6 weeks after cessation of treatment, compared with thyrotropes of healthy nontreated dogs. The activity of the thyroid gland was decreased in dogs during thyroxine treatment, as evidenced by decreases in epithelial volume density, epithelial height, and follicular area, and increase in colloid volume density, compared with thyroid gland activity in nontreated dogs. After cessation of thyroxine treatment, the thyroid gland had decreased colloid area, follicular area, and epithelial volume density, and increased interstitial volume density, compared with the thyroid gland of healthy nontreated dogs. Thyroxine treatment resulted in suppression of pituitary thyrotropes and thyroid follicular activity.
Orally administered clonidine as a secretagogue of growth hormone and as a thymotrophic agent in dogs of various ages
Authors: Morrison Wallace B. , Goff Belinda Lawler , Stewart-Brown Barbara , Incefy Genevieve S. , Arp Lawrence H. , Roth James A.
Published: January 2024

The growth hormone (gh) secretagogue activity of variable dosages of clonidine (16.5, 50, 150, and 450 μg/kg of body weight), given orally mixed with the daily food ration, was evaluated in young and old dogs. Significant (P < 0.05) increase in plasma gh concentration was detected at all dosages tested in young dogs and in response to all but the lowest dose tested in the old dogs fed the clonidine-containing diet. Old dogs had plasma gh concentration that exceeded that of young dogs when higher doses of clonidine were used.

A clonidine (100 μg/kg)-supplemented diet was fed to middle-aged dogs twice daily for 30 days. Significant (P < 0.01) increase of plasma gh concentration was observed on the first day of the feeding trial, but was undetectable by day 30. After feeding the clonidine-enhanced diet for 30 days, the effects on thymic morphology were variable, and there was no effect on plasma thymulin titer. Clonidine-fed dogs had significantly increased lymphocyte blastogenic responsiveness to mitogens, compared with that of control dogs, when evaluated as stimulation index.
Relative effects of xylazine-atropine, xylazine-atropineketamine, and xylazine-atropine-pentobarbital combinations and time-course effects of the latter two combinations on brain stem auditory-evoked potentials in dogs
Authors: Tokuriki Mikihiko , Matsunami Kenji , Uzuka Yuji
Published: January 2024

Brain stem auditory-evoked potentials (baep) were recorded in 4 dogs to analyze the relationship between acoustic stimulus intensities and peak latencies of each wave, and to investigate the relative effects of xylazineatropine, xylazine-atropine-ketamine, and xylazine-atropine-pentobarbital combinations and the time-course effects of the latter 2 drug combinations on baep. Click stimulations fixed at a stimulus rate of 10/s and a frequency of 4 kHz were delivered at intensities ranging from 10- to 110-dB sound pressure level (spl) in 10-dB steps for analyzing the relationship between the acoustic stimulus intensities and the peak latencies and at an intensity of 110-dB spl. for investigating the effects of the sedative and anesthetic drug combinations and their timecourse effects on baep.

Waves I to VI were identified with stimulus intensity of ≥ 50-dB spl. Wave VII was observed in some records, but was excluded from statistical analysis. As stimulus intensity was increased from 50- to 110-dB spl, the latency decreased for all waves during xylazine-atropineketamine anesthesia. There were no statistically significant differences in the peak latencies of each wave in baep among xylazine-atropine, xylazine-atropine-ketamine, and xylazine-atropine-pentobarbital combinations 20 minutes after drug administration, except that the latency of wave VI during xylazine-atropine sedation was significantly (P < 0,01) shorter than that detected during xylazine-atropine-ketamine or xylazine-atropine-pentobarbital anesthesia. There were no significant changes in peak latencies of waves I, II, III, V, and VI for 90 minutes after administration of the xylazine-atropine-ketamine combination and for 120 minutes after administration of the xylazine-atropine-pentobarbital combination. It was concluded that baep did not change over time after xylazine-atropine-ketamine or xylazine-atropine pentobarbital administration.
Characterization and reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to the Miller strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Ling , Paul Prem S. , Vaughn Eric , Morales Angeles
Published: January 2024

Hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (mab) to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) were produced by fusion of SP2/0 myeloma cells and splenic lymphocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with the virulent cell-passaged Miller strain of tgev. The mab secreted by these hybridomas were partially characterized; 4 of them (MA4, MA5, MH11, MB2) had high-neutralization titer for tgev. The remaining 7 (MC6, MD9, ME5, MG5, MF2, ME9, MG7) did not neutralize tgev at 1:25 dilution. All 4 neutralizing and 2 of the nonneutralizing mab reacted with the E2 protein of tgev in a radioimmunoprecipitation assay. The remaining 5 mab reacted with the E1 protein of tgev. Reactivity of the mab was tested in an indirect immunofluorescent assay with 3 cell culture-adapted strains of tgev (Miller, Purdue, and Illinois) and 13 wild-type isolates of tgev. Neutralizing mab reacted with all 13 wild-type isolates and the 3 cell culture-adapted strains of tgev. In contrast, nonneutralizing mab that reacted with the Miller strain of TGEV varied in their reactivity with the wild-type tgev isolates. Reactivity of neutralizing mab was also tested, using plaque-reduction neutralization assays with Miller, Purdue, and Illinois strains and 5 wild-type isolates. All 4 neutralizing mab neutralized the 8 virus isolates, but the neutralization titer was higher with the homologous virus than with the heterologous virus isolates. However, neutralization titers of the 4 neutralizing mab were 4 to 16 times higher for the homologous Miller strain of tgev than for the heterologous Illinois and Purdue strains, and were 4 to 1,000 times higher than for the wild-type isolates. Extensive antigenic heterogeneity was observed among tgev isolates on epitopes recognized by the nonneutralizing mab directed against either E1 or E2 protein.
Postnatal ossification centers of the atlas and axis in Miniature Schnauzers
Authors: Watson Alastair G. , Stewart James S.
Published: January 2024

Postnatal ossification of the atlas and axis was studied in Miniature Schnauzers by examining alizarin-stained bone clearings, cleaned dry bones, radiographs, histologic sections, and arterially perfused bone clearings. Sixty-two pups (1 day to 16 weeks old) and 4 adults were examined.

In 1-day-old pups, the atlas consisted of 3 separate ossification centers: a left and right neural arch center and midventrally, the intercentrum 1, which formed the body of the atlas. The axis contained 4 separate ossification centers: a left and right neural arch center; centrum 2 in the main part of the axis body; and centrum 1, which formed the caudal part of the dens and the cranial part of the axis body. By 6 weeks of age, the epiphysis on the caudal end of the axis body had begun to ossify. At this time, the intercentrum 2, which developed as a cuboidal ossification center intercalated between centrum 1 and centrum 2 in the middle of the cranial half of the axis body, also began to ossify. The centrum of the proatlas, which formed the apex of the dens, was first seen ossified in a 9-week-old pup. These 10 ossification centers were seen as constant and separate elements.

In all dogs, the dens developed from 2 separate ossification centers: the centrum of the proatlas formed the cranial one-quarter, and centrum 1 formed the caudal three-quarters. Dens dysplasia is unlikely to be a result of failure of development of one of the ossification centers for the dens. Seemingly, vascular-related ischemia may lead to postnatal resorption of at least the middle part of the dens and result in dens dysplasia, with subsequent atlantoaxial subluxation. This condition in dogs may be a suitable animal model for the study of the pathogenesis of os odontoideum and related conditions in man.
Influence of variable content of dietary zinc on copper metabolism of weanling foals
Authors: Bridges Charles H. , Moffitt Patricia Ghagan
Published: January 2024

The influence of variable zinc content (29.1, 250, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg of dry weight) in a basic diet containing 7.7 mg of copper/kg on the ability of weanling foals to maintain normal copper balance was investigated. Serum copper and zinc concentrations were monitored, and terminal hepatic copper and zinc contents were measured in 4 weanling foals fed the basic diet containing 29.1 mg of zinc/kg and in 2 foals each fed the higher-zinc diets. Foals fed the lower-zinc diets (29.1 and 250 mg/kg) maintained normal serum copper and zinc concentrations for 14 to 15 weeks, whereas those fed the 2 higher-zinc diets became hypocupremic within 5 to 6 weeks and were lame within 6 weeks, owing to cartilaginous disease characteristic of osteochondritis dissecans. Serum zinc concentration in the foals fed the 2 higher-zinc diets increased to > 2 μg/ml within 2 weeks. Foals fed the high-zinc diets became lame after serum copper concentration had remained at 0.3 μg/ ml for > 1 week. Serum copper concentration in these arthritic foals was ≤ 0.2 μg/ml at the end of the study. In lame foals, fractures of the cartilage of the articular and growth physes occurred through the zone of hypertrophic cells, and varied from bilateral to unilateral and from small to large. Free masses and flaps of cartilage attached to one side were numerous.
Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous or intramuscular administration of gentamicin in roosters
Authors: Pedersoli W. M. , Ravis W. R. , Askins D. R. , Krista L. M. , Spano J. S. , Whitesides J. F. , Tolbert D. S.
Published: January 2024

Healthy mature roosters (n = 10) were given gentamicin (5 mg/kg of body weight, IV) and, 30 days later, another dose im Serum concentrations of gentamicin were determined over 60 hours after each drug dosing, using a radioimmunoassay. Using nonlinear least-square regression methods, the combined data of IV and im treatments were best fitted by a 2-compartment open model. The mean distribution phase half-life was 0.203 ± 0.075 hours (mean ± SD) and the terminal half-life was 3.38 ± 0.62 hours. The volume of the central compartment was 0.0993 ± 0.0097 L/kg, volume of distribution at steady state was 0.209 ± 0.013 L/kg, and the total body clearance was 46.5 ± 7.9 ml/h/kg.

Intramuscular absorption was rapid, with a half-life for absorption of 0.281 ± 0.081 hours. The extent of im absorption was 95 ± 18%. Maximal serum concentration of 20.68 ± 2.10 μg/ml was detected at 0.62 ± 0.18 hours after the dose. Kinetic calculations predicted that IM injection of gentamicin at a dosage of 4 mg/kg, q 12 h, and 1.5 mg/kg, q 8 h, would provide average steady-state serum concentrations of 6.82 and 3.83 μg/ml, with minimal steady-state serum concentrations of 1.54 and 1.50 μg/ml and maximal steady-state serum concentrations of 18.34 and 7.70 μg/ml, respectively.
Identification and anatomic categorization of the vascular patterns to the pelvic limb muscles of dogs
Authors: Chambers Jonathan N. , Purinton Paul T. , Allen Sheila W. , Moore James L.
Published: January 2024

The vascular patterns to pelvic limb muscles were studied in 6 dogs (12 limbs) to identify muscles most suitable for transposition in the treatment of large wounds. Gross dissection of injected specimens and angiography were used to identify the vascular pedicles. The vascular peicles to several muscles were generally consistent, and any variations would not interfere with most muscle transfers. The cranial part of the sartorius, gracillis, semitendinosus, and rectus femoris muscles were identified as suitable candidates for transfer. The caudal part of the sartorius, cranial tibial, and long digital extensor muscles have segmentalized vascular patterns that would limit its arc of rotation.
Efficacy of ceftiofur hydrochloride for treatment of experimentally induced colibacillosis in neonatal swine
Authors: Yancey Robert J. , Evans Roger A. , Kratzer D. Dal , Paulissen Jerome B. , Carmer Samuel G.
Published: January 2024

Ceftiofur hydrochloride was tested for effectiveness against induced colibacillosis in neonatal swine. In this model, pigs < 12 hours old were inoculated via stomach tube with a virulent, K99+, nalidixic acid-resistant strain of Escherichia coli. Six hours after challenge exposure, 1 dose of ceftiofur was administered either IM or orally in experiment 1 and orally only in experiment 2. Mortality, shedding of bacteria, fecal consistency scores, and body weight changes were monitored for 10 days. In experiment 1 (n = 383 pigs), all treatments at dosage that ranged between 0.5 and 64.0 mg of ceftiofur/kg of body weight significantly (P < 0.001) reduced mortality, bacterial shedding, and diarrhea and increased weight gain, compared with findings in untreated controls. There were no detectable differences between oral and IM routes, except that there was greater reduction in bacteria shedding associated with the oral route of administration. In experiment 2 (n = 505 pigs), ceftiofur was administered orally either once at 6 hours after challenge exposure or twice at 6 and at 48 hours after the first dose. Dosage of ceftiofur was 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, or 60 mg/kg administered once, or half the same dose was administered at each of 2 times. At the optimal dosage (10 mg/kg), a single dose was as effective as 2 doses. The single administration at all dosages reduced mortality, bacterial shedding, and diarrhea scores and increased body weight gain, compared with findings in untreated pigs (P < 0.01). In this induced infection model, the optimal treatment dosage was determined to be 10 mg/kg administered once.
Excretion of porcine parvovirus through the genital tract of boars
Authors: Gradil C. , Molitor T. , Harding M. , Crabo B.
Published: January 2024

The putative binding of porcine parvovirus (ppv) to semen components in vitro was examined along with the shedding pattern of ppv in oronasally infected boars. Porcine parvovirus dna was determined to be bound to spermatozoa that had been incubated in vitro with ppv and washed to remove loosely adherent virus. To determine whether ppv was shed in the semen, four 8-month-old boars, seronegative for ppv, were inoculated oronasally with a virulent strain of ppv. Prior to virus inoculation, a catheter was surgically implanted in the vas deferens for the purpose of collecting cauda epididymal semen free of extrinsic contamination. Epididymal semen specimens were collected prior to inoculation and daily thereafter for 21 days. A fifth boar was inoculated oronasally with ppv, but semen was collected by electroejaculation twice weekly for an equal period of time. Reproductive glands and semen specimens from all boars were examined by nucleic acid hybridization for the presence of viral dna. All boars seroconverted to ppv, as evidenced by serum antibody titers ranging from 512 to 8,192 hemagglutinating inhibition units/50 μl. Porcine parvovirus dna was detected in epididymal semen of 3 of 4 catheterized boars on postinoculation days 5 through 9, but not in semen obtained by electroejaculation. Viral dna was consistently detected in tissue samples collected on postinoculation days 8 and 21 from the scrotal lymph nodes (4 of 5 boars) and epididymides (3 of 5 boars).