bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method for controlling the frequency of eigentones for determination of the astronaut's body weight and small weight in weightlessness
Authors: Kolomiitsev Oleksii , Komarov Volodymyr , Dmitriiev Oleh , Pustovarov Volodymyr , Oliinyk Ruslan
Published: July 2022

In the article the analysis of existent basic methods of determining the weight of body of cosmonauts and objects small weight is conducted in the conditions of weightlessness, and their features of application are similarly exposed. The most comfortable and perspective method of determining the inertial weight of body in the conditions of weightlessness the use of different sort of oscillators and devices, that allow to measure the parameters of body of cosmonaut (small weight of devices and others like that), that hesitates, is considered. It is possible to use dependence of period of vibrations of spring on b.w. of cosmonaut envisaged on her and others like that. The measuring device of weight of «ИМ-01М», his technical descriptions, composition and principle of action, is considered. Such measuring device it maybe to complement the system of weighing of astronauts and cosmonauts on the method of Karmelo Velardo, that allows to get measuring (form and sizes of cosmonaut and his motions) given about the depth of object. The object of research is oscillators and devices, that allow to measure parameters bodies of cosmonaut and objects small weight, that hesitate. The subject of research is a mathematical vehicle on determination of frequency of eigentones dynamic system. The research aims is development of method of control of frequency of eigentones for determining the weight of body of cosmonaut and objects small weight in the conditions of weightlessness. Conclusions. The method of determining the weight of body of cosmonauts and objects small weight in the conditions of weightlessness and method of his realization are offered on the change of frequency of eigentones dynamic system devices. Analytical expressions for the calculation of frequency of eigentones dynamic system devices and corresponding charts are presented. A spring-gravimetric device is worked out for realization of measuring. A chart technical decision over of device is brought, his composition and principle of action are exposed. A device is able to define weight of control object, his state (his heterogeneity, presence of liquid filler, parts that hesitate and others like that).
Method of ensuring the reliability of connecting nodes to the information and communication system of the enterprise based on 5G
Authors: Smirnova Tetiana
Published: July 2022

The object of research is the process of building a cloud information and communication system for automation of production processes. The subject of the research is the method of ensuring the reliability of connection of nodes to the information and communication system of the enterprise on the basis of 5G. The purpose of this work is to increase the reliability of connecting nodes to the information and communication system of the enterprise based on 5G. to optimize production processes. As a result of the research, the concepts characterizing the reliability of distributed 5G information and communication networks were considered. The synthesis of functionally stable structure of the distributed information and communication network of 5G of the enterprise was formalized. The method of planning of 5G network for automation of production processes of the enterprise was developed. on the way of distribution taking into account restrictions on the minimum throughput, number of connections and reliability and construction of a communication transport segment with definition of an optimum location of cross premises. Conclusions. The developed method allows planning the optimal structure of the 5G cellular network to optimize production processes, evaluate and reduce the total cost of building the network, while providing the necessary indicators of service quality of network nodes and its reliability.
Azimuthal differences and changes in strain rate and stress of the Japanese Islands deduced from geophysical data
Authors: Kosugi Issei , Mitsui Yuta
Published: July 2022

Geodetic and seismological observations have shown discrepancies between azimuths of maximum contraction of strain rates and maximum compression of stress. These discrepancies can be the results of the superposition of localized or transient mechanical processes such as fault coupling during seismic cycles. Rich sets of recent geophysical data allow us to conduct spatiotemporal imaging of the discrepancies. Here, we estimate the spatiotemporal evolution in the strain-rate fields of the Japanese Islands with optimized smoothing distances from 1997 to 2021 using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, and investigate how the maximum contraction axes of horizontal strain rates differ from those of horizontal stress based on earthquake focal mechanisms. Several characteristic results are observed for each region within the Japanese Islands. Both azimuths of the strain rates and stress differ by more than 60 degrees over hundreds of kilometers from the Kanto region to along the Nankai Trough, related to seismotectonics due to the dual subduction of the Philippine Sea plate and the Pacific plate beneath the Japanese Islands. The azimuthal differences tend to be small along tectonic zones with active inland earthquakes and high strain rates on the back-arc sides. We also find that the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake caused notable azimuthal differences in the strain rates and the stress in the Tohoku region. Our dataset has wide spatiotemporal coverage and can serve as a basis for further research, for example, to estimate the current fault conditions during seismic cycles.
Does COVID-19 confinement period affect the body composition and physical performance of young elite soccer players?
Authors: Oliveira Lucas de Paula , Aquino Rodrigo , de Castro Fábio Marzliak Pozzi , Pimenta Pedro Mingoni , Gonçalves Luiz Guilherme Cruz , Nobari Hadi , Puggina Enrico Fuini
Published: July 2022

Background: The current pandemic caused by COVID-19 generated several changes in lifestyle. However, with the gradual return of activities, there are divisions about the real impact of the confinement period on the body composition and the players' motor capacities. The objectives of the present study were to verify the effects of a COVID-19 confinement period on body composition and physical performance in young soccer players. Methods: Twenty-one elite soccer players (17.6 ± 1.4 years) participated in the study. Assessments of body composition, squat jump, countermovement jump, isokinetic and intermittent yo-yo were performed before and after seven months of confinement period. Results: Significant reductions were found in the total distance covered in the intermittent yo-yo test (pre 1824 ± 243.70 and post 1640 ± 351.30 m; 95%CI = -349.00 -18.03 m; p = 0.031; ES = 0.60) after the confinement period. On the other hand, no significant alterations were found in the other tests. Conclusions: These results indicate that confinement promotes negative effects on the aerobic endurance of players, but not on body composition and lower limb strength and power. Thus, physical trainers and staff should direct attention to the development of aerobic endurance after similar periods of confinement.
TDD LoRa and Delta Encoding in Low-Power Networks of Environmental Sensor Arrays for Temperature and Deformation Monitoring
Authors: Wielandt Stijn , Uhlemann Sebastian , Fiolleau Sylvain , Dafflon Baptiste
Published: July 2022

Densely distributed sensor networks can revolutionize environmental observations by providing real-time data with an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. However, field deployments often pose unique challenges in terms of power provisions and wireless connectivity. We present a framework for wirelessly connected distributed sensor arrays for near-surface temperature and/or deformation monitoring. Our research focuses on a novel time division duplex implementation of the LoRa protocol, enabling collision-free communications and battery powered base stations. In order to minimize transmissions and improve battery life throughout the network, we propose a dedicated delta encoding algorithm that utilizes the spatial and temporal similarity in the acquired data sets. We implemented the developed technologies in a AA battery powered hardware platform that can be used as a wireless data logger or base station, and we conducted an assessment of the power consumption. Without data compression, the projected battery life for a data logger is 4.74 years, and a wireless base stations can last several weeks or months depending on the amount of network traffic. The delta encoding algorithm can further improve this battery life with a factor of up to 3.50. Our results demonstrate the viability of the proposed methods for low-power environmental wireless sensor networks.
External validation of existing dementia prediction models on observational health data
Authors: John Luis H. , Kors Jan A. , Fridgeirsson Egill A. , Reps Jenna M. , Rijnbeek Peter R.
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMany dementia prediction models have been developed, but only few have been externally validated, which hinders clinical uptake and may pose a risk if models are applied to actual patients regardless. Replicating and externally validating a prediction model is a difficult task, where we mostly rely on the completeness of model reporting in a published article. In this study, we aim to externally validate existing dementia prediction models. To that end, we define replicability criteria, review published models, and externally validate three selected models using routinely collected health data from administrative claims and electronic health records.MethodsWe identified dementia prediction models that were developed between 2011 – 2020 and assessed if they could be replicated given a set of external validation criteria. In addition, we replicated three of these models (Walters’ Dementia Risk Score, Mehta’s RxDx-Dementia Risk Index, and Nori’s ADRD dementia prediction model) and externally validated them on a network of six observational health databases from the United States, United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands, including the original development databases of the models.ResultsWe reviewed 59 dementia prediction models. All models reported the prediction method, development database, and target and outcome definitions. Less frequently reported by these 59 prediction models were predictor definitions (46 models) including the time window in which a predictor is assessed (21 models), predictor coefficients (19 models), and the time-at-risk (39 models). The replicated model by Walters (development c-statistic: 0.84) showed moderate transportability (0.67 – 0.76 c-statistic). The Mehta model (development c-statistic: 0.81 ) transported well to some of the external databases (0.69 – 0.79 c-statistic). The Nori model (development AUROC: 0.69) transported well (0.62 – 0.68 AUROC), but performed modestly overall. Recalibration showed improvements for the Walters and Nori models, while recalibration could not be assessed for the Mehta model due to unreported baseline hazard.ConclusionWe observed that reporting is mostly insufficient to fully replicate and externally validate published dementia prediction models, and therefore, it is uncertain how well these models would work in other clinical settings. We emphasise the importance of following established guidelines for reporting clinical prediction model. We recommend that reporting should be more explicit and have external validation in mind if the model is meant to be applied in different settings.
Adaptability and Learning Intraprofessional Collaboration of Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bus Charlotte L. , Gulden Rozemarijn van der , Bolk Marieke H.H. , de Graaf Jacqueline , Hurk Marianne M. van den , Haan Nynke D. Scherpbier-de , Fluit Cornelia R.M.G. , Kuijer-Siebelink Wietske , Looman Natasja
Published: July 2022

Context
The COVID-19 pandemic created a worldwide public health emergency, in which hospitals created new COVID departments and doctors from different disciplines had to work together. In the Netherlands, a large proportion of doctors in these departments were residents. With knowledge of the disease developing only gradually, the influx of COVID-19 patients called for adaptability, innovative work behavior, and intraprofessional collaboration (intraPC) between residents and between residents and medical specialists.
Research goal
This study investigates how the delivery of COVID-19 care in hospital settings affected the adaptability and learning intraPC of residents.
Methods
Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with residents and medical specialists from various disciplines who worked at a COVID department or Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during the COVID pandemic in the Netherlands, focusing on adaptability and intraPC learning. Data was analyzed using template analysis.
Results
We identified four themes that influenced learning during COVID care: collective uncertainty, social cohesion and a sense of safety, the need for adaptive performance and intraPC learning. During the first wave, collective uncertainty about the unknown disease and the continuation of the crisis urged residents to adapt in order to take care of patients with a disease that was as yet unknown. The combination of collective uncertainty, social cohesion and a sense of safety, and the presence of different disciplines in one department promoted residents’ intraPC learning. However, intraPC learning was not always the matter of course due to the scope of the crisis and the huge numbers of new patients.
Conclusion
Collective uncertainty affected the residents’ adaptability. The combination of collective uncertainty, social cohesion, and the presence of different disciplines in one department promoted the residents’ intraPC learning. An important facilitating factor for both adaptability and intraPC learning is a high level of social cohesion and safety. The physical and psychological proximity of supervisors is an important factor contributing to a safe learning environment.
Assessment of Rectal Radiation Exposure During Radiation Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Magyar-Lengyel Judit , Ungvári Tamás , Dankovics Zsófia , Szabó Döme , Kiss Balázs , Sipos Dávid , Csejtei András , Tőkési Károly
Published: July 2022

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide. A number of treatment methods for prostate cancer are known; one is external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). However, due to the anatomical location of the prostate, care must be taken during radiotherapy treatment to protect the organs at risk. We present findings of the dose load of the rectum as a risk organ during radiotherapy for patients with intermediate and high-risk prostate cancer. Furthermore, we also present an analysis of the effectiveness of the rectal preparation protocols prescribed to patients. This study was performed using retrospective document analysis. 186 Cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT) images of 14 prostate cancer patients were analysed. We found that the diet used during the treatment did not prove successful, as even patients who cooperated well showed large variation in ct scans. Consequently, we recommend that patients start a diet a few days before the planning computer tomography (CT) scan. Alternatively, meals can be provided in the hospital or delivered to the patient's home. In addition, probiotics may be necessary because of the intestinal gas that develops during the treatment.
Breastfeeding Mobile Application for Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Designed by Mothers and Experts
Authors: Park Seungmi , Kwak Eunju , Lee Jisan
Published: July 2022

Background: Since mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and their babies have increased risks for diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular complications, breastfeeding, which helps lower the risks, is strongly recommended for them. However, due to various barriers, the rate of breastfeeding remains low among mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. Hence, this study aimed to develop a mobile application to help promote breastfeeding in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus who are vulnerable to infection, especially in the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation in which social distancing is mandated. Method: The Method of App Selection based on Users' Needs (MASUN), a method used in designing app structure and user interface (UI) by considering user needs, was used to develop the “Breastfeeding for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus App (BFGDM App)” by reflecting the needs of target users (i.e., mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus). Four personas were created based on the experiences of four mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, and the personas’ needs were assessed and prioritized. Two professors and a clinical instructor in women’s health nursing conducted an expert review and revised the contents. Results: The final version of the BFGDM App included the following components to promote breastfeeding in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus: baby growth, breastfeeding records, information about mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, information about breastfeeding, videos demonstrating breastfeeding methods and breast massage techniques, breastfeeding success stories, a message board, a section for frequently asked questions and the answers (Q&A), and links to breastfeeding education centers.Conclusions: The use of the BFGDM App is expected to help prevent complications in mothers with diabetes mellitus and their babies, and promote maternal and child health through improved breastfeeding practices, especially in social distancing situations resulting from COVID-19.
Interactions of rogue and solitary wave solutions to the (2+1)-D generalized Camassa-Holm-KP equation
Authors: Abdeljabbar Alrazi , Hossen M. Belal , Roshid Harun-Or- , Aldurayhim Abdullah
Published: July 2022

This research explores a (2 + 1)-d generalized Camassa-Holm-Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (gCHKP) model. We use a probable transformation to build bilinear formulation to the model by Hirota bilinear technique. We derive a single lump waves, multi-solitons solutions to the model from this bilinear form. We present various dynamical properties of the model such as one-, two-, three-, four-solitons. The double periodic breather waves, periodic line rogue wave, interaction between bell soliton and double periodic rogue waves, rogue and bell soliton, rogue and two bell solitons, two rogues, rogue and periodic wave, double periodic waves, two pair of rogue waves as well as interaction of double periodic rogue waves are established in a line. Among the results, most of the properties are unexplored in the prior research. Furthermore, with the assistance of Maple Software, we put out the trajectory of the obtained solutions for visualized the achieved dynamical properties.MSC: 35Q51, 35Q53, 35C99, 37K10, 74J35
Hydrodynamic Model and Data Driven Evolutionary Algorithm Based Coordinated Optimal Operation Method of a Multi-Dam Flood Control System
Authors: Li Xuan , Hou Jingming , Ma Yongyong , Li Xinyi , Li Donglai , Gao Xunjun , Liu Yuan
Published: July 2022

Coordinated flood control operation of dams in a river is an optimization problem with competing decision objectives and introduces risks for decision making. Taking into account upstream and downstream flood risks, a novel method for multi-objective dam optimal operation is proposed in this study based on the hydrodynamic model and data driven evolutionary algorithm. In the proposed method, a flood control system based on hydrodynamic model was developed to simulate flood propagation and provide hydraulic characteristics, and were combined with the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm to design operation rules. In addition, to improve computational efficiency of the optimal operation method, the Kriging model was coupled into the optimization process to assist in the selection of potential non-dominated solutions for exact objective function evaluation. This drives the MOPSO algorithm for solution and greatly reduces unnecessary reliability evaluation. The proposed method was applied to a real flood control system of the rivers in the urban city of Chengdu, China. The results show that the developed optimal operation method is able to accurately evaluate the flood propagation using the hydrodynamic model and provide optimal operation schedules. The Pareto front of the proposed objectives demonstrates the trade-off between the competing objectives to minimize risks while satisfying flood protection requirements. The new method could provide reliable guidance for flood control scheduling of dams in flood season, and the decision makers can select the operation rules according to their risk preference.
Intravenous versus oral iron for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnant Nigerian women (IVON): study protocol for a randomized hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial
Authors: Afolabi Bosede Bukola , Babah Ochuwa Adiketu , Akinajo Opeyemi Rebecca , Adaramoye Victoria Olawunmi , Adeyemo Titilope Adenike , Balogun Mobolanle Rasheedat , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Quao Rachel , Olorunfemi Gbenga , Abioye Ajibola Ibraheem , Galadanci Hadiza S , Sam-Agudu Nadia A
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAnaemia in pregnancy is highly prevalent in African countries. High-dose oral iron is the current recommended treatment for pregnancy-related iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in Nigeria and other African countries. This oral regimen is often poorly tolerated and has several side effects. Parenteral iron preparations are now available for treatment of IDA in pregnancy but not widely used in Africa.The IVON trial is investigating the comparative effectiveness and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus oral ferrous sulphate standard-of-care for pregnancy-related IDA in Nigeria. We will also measure the implementation outcomes of acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, and cost-effectiveness for intravenous ferric carboxymaltose.Methods This is an open-label randomized controlled trial with a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design, conducted at 10 health facilities in Kano (Northern) and Lagos (Southern) states in Nigeria. A total of 1,056 pregnant women at 20 – 32 weeks’ gestational age with moderate or severe anaemia (Hb < 10g/dl), will be randomized 1:1 into two groups. The interventional treatment is one 1000 mg dose of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose at enrolment; control treatment is thrice daily oral ferrous sulphate (195 mg elemental iron daily), from enrolment till 6 weeks postpartum.Primary outcome measures are: 1) prevalence of maternal anaemia at 36 weeks and 2) infant preterm birth (<37 weeks’ gestation), and will be analysed by intention-to-treat. Maternal full blood count and iron panel will be assayed at 4 weeks post enrolment, 36 weeks’ gestation, delivery, and 6 weeks’ postpartum. Implementation outcomes of acceptability, feasibility, fidelity and cost will be assessed with structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions.DiscussionThe IVON trial could provide both effectiveness and implementation evidence to guide policy for integration and uptake of intravenous iron for treating anaemia in pregnancy in Nigeria and similar resource-limited, high-burden settings. If found effective, further studies exploring different intravenous iron doses are planned.Trial registrationThe trial has been registered at the WHO clinical trial registry (ISRCTN63484804, registration date 10/12/2020) and Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04976179 registration date 26/07/2021). The current protocol version is Version 2.1.
Molecular and biological characterization of an isolate of passiflora virus Y (Potyvirus) naturally infecting soybean (Glycine max) in Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro-Junior Marcos Roberto , Silva Felipe Barreto da , Marubayashi Julio Massaharu , Uzan Juliana , Nogueira Angelica Maria , Muller Cristiane , Nascimento Daniele Maria , Yuki Valdir Atsushi , Narita Nobuyoshi , Pavan Marcelo Agenor , Ochoa-Corona Francisco Manuel , Krause-Sakate Renate
Published: July 2022

Passiflora virus Y was detected infecting soybean (Glycine max) for the first time naturally in Brazil. This research reports the complete genome sequence, molecular and biological properties of PaVY Brazilian isolate. The complete genome sequencing shows a 9679nt long virus that shares 84.4% nt identity with a previously reported PaVY isolate reported from Passiflora spp. PaVY-Br induced chlorotic spots and systemic mosaic on soybean and chlorotic local lesions on passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and sesame (Sesamum indicum). The virus was successfully transmitted by Myzus persicae, indicating the aphid vector can contribute to PaYV spreading from passion fruit to soybean plants. Additional epidemiological research is in progress to investigate the distribution of PaVY in soybean production areas in Brazil.
Patient iPSC-derived astrocytes with high polygenic risk for schizophrenia reveals a role for mitochondrial glutamate carrier SLC25A18
Authors: Beekhuis-Hoekstra Stephanie , Laupman Karen , Wei Yongbin , Watanabe Kyoko , Cornelissen-Steijger Paulien , Sullivan Patrick , Posthuma Danielle , Heine Vivi
Published: July 2022

Schizophrenia is a highly heritable developmental disorder with often devastating effects on patients and their families. The causal mechanisms behind SCZ remain largely unknown, even after more than a century of research. Astrocytes are increasingly being associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, yet have gained little attention in research. Therefore, in the current report, we investigate the role of astrocytes in schizophrenia by generating iPSC-derived astrocytes from 21 cases and 10 controls. Cases and controls were selected using a genetically informed strategy to increase statistical power of our study without a need for a priori knowledge of causal pathways. In addition, we selected patients with different genetic risk factors to test the generalization potential of our results. We show that neurons co-cultured with schizophrenia astrocytes have higher VGLUT/VGAT ratios than neurons co-cultured with controls astrocytes. Testing for transcriptional differences highlighted 10 genes that separated cases from controls. Of these, differences in SLC25A18 expression were most pronounced and is potentially driving the synaptic differences which we observed in our astrocyte-neuron co-cultures. Of note, SLC25A18 is encoded in a region that has been repeatedly associated with SCZ and its protein transports glutamate across the inner membrane of mitochondria. Our results confirm the involvement of astrocytes in schizophrenia pathology with a specific role for SLC25A18, and show that astroglia can indeed create neuronal abnormalities previously reported in SCZ (i.e. synaptic imbalance). More specifically, these findings support previous reports on the involvement of glutamate buffering by astrocytes and mitochondrial defects in the disease etiology of schizophrenia.
Peer Support and Whole Health Coaching to Address the Healthcare Needs of Homeless Veterans: A Pilot Study
Authors: Blonigen Daniel M. , Smelson David , Smith Jennifer , Baldwin Nicole , McInnes D. Keith , Raikov Ivan , Weber Jillian , Hyde Justeen
Published: July 2022

Background: Homelessness is a robust social determinant of acute care service utilization among veterans. Although intensive outpatient programs have been developed for homeless veterans who are high utilizers of acute care (“super utilizers”), few scalable programs have been implemented to address their needs. Objective: Describe the development and pilot testing of a novel intervention that integrates the roles of a peer and whole health coach (“Peer-WHC”) in coordination with primary care teams to reduce homeless veterans’ frequent use of acute care. Design: Single-arm trial in three outpatient primary care clinics at a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) medical center; pre/post design using mixed-methods.Participants: Twenty veterans from VHA’s homeless registry who were super-utilizers of acute care and enrolled in primary care.Intervention: Weekly health coaching sessions with a peer over 12 weeks, including discussions of patients’ health care utilization patterns and coordination with primary care. Main Measures: Rates of session attendance and intervention fidelity, patient-reported satisfaction and changes in patient engagement and perceptions of health, pre/post utilization of acute and supportive care services, and qualitative interviews with multiple stakeholders to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation.Key Results: On average, patients attended 6.35 sessions (SD=3.5, Median=7). Satisfaction scores (M=28.75 out of 32; SD=2.79) exceeded a priori benchmarks. Patients’ perceptions of health improved from pre to post [t(df)=-2.26(14), p=0.04]. In the 3-months pre/post, 45% (n=9) and 15% (n=3) of patients, respectively, were hospitalized. Qualitative feedback from patients, providers, and peers and fidelity metrics suggested value in increasing the length of the intervention to facilitate goal-setting with patients and coordination with primary care. Conclusions: Findings support the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of Peer-WHC to address the healthcare needs of homeless veterans. A future trial is warranted to test the impact of Peer-WHC on reducing these patients’ frequent use of acute care.
Diversity of the chiropractic profession in Canada: A cross-sectional survey of Canadian Chiropractic Association Members
Authors: Southerst Danielle , Bakaa Nora , Côté Pierre , Macedo Luciana , Carlesso Lisa , MacDermid Joy , Mior Silvano
Published: July 2022

Background
Little is known about the diversity of the chiropractic profession with respect to gender, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity and community of practice. Diversity provides a foundation for culturally competent care delivery at the provider level and is paramount in the pursuit of a culturally congruent model of chiropractic care. The objective of this study is to explore the diversity of the Canadian chiropractic profession.
Methods
All registered members of the Canadian Chiropractic Association (N = 7721) were invited to participate in a web-based survey between May and June 2021. Survey questions explored diversity with respect to personal demographics (age, sex, gender, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity, language) and practice characteristics (community setting, practice type). Where possible, survey data was compared to data from the 2016 Census of the Canadian population.
Results
We received a total of 3143 survey responses (response rate – 41%). The average age of our sample was 44.7 years (standard deviation (SD) 12.7). Forty-five percent were female with the same proportion (45.2%) self-identifying as women. Ninety-one percent of the sample self-identified as heterosexual. With respect to race, 80% of respondents were Caucasian. Seventy percent of chiropractors in our sample identified with Canadian ancestry and 29% with European ancestry. In comparison to the Canadian population, some visible minorities were underrepresented. The greatest discrepancy between the Canadian population and our sample was in the proportion of Black and Indigenous chiropractors. With respect to ethnicity, chiropractors identifying themselves with Canadian ancestry were overrepresented in our sample compared to others, specifically those with North American Indigenous and South, Central and Latin American ancestry. Sixty-one percent of chiropractors practiced in major cities and most work in interdisciplinary clinics (42% Complementary and Alternative Medicine and 33% rehabilitation).
Conclusions
This study provides an initial description of diversity within the chiropractic profession in Canada. Women represent less than 50% of the profession nationally. Overall, there is little racial and ethnic diversity in the chiropractic profession compared to the Canadian population, with Black and Indigenous peoples being underrepresented. Future work should focus strategies to foster the development of a more diverse chiropractic workforce.
Structurally Modulated D-π-D- A(Semiconductor) Anchoring Dyes to Enhance the Tunable NLO Response: A DFT/TDDFT Quest For New Photovoltaic Materials
Authors: Hassan Abrar U. , Sumrra Sajjad H. , Zubair Muhammad , Mustafa Ghulam , Nazar Muhammad F. , Zafar Muhammad N.
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we show that dyes with anchoring groups and their stability for semiconductor TiO2 surfaces with silyl unit in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). To investigate the efficacy of DSSCs, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were conducted with novel D-π-D- A(Semiconductor) type dyes with using donors (N,N-dimethylaniline & benzenesulfonate) and a thiophene as π-conjugated spacers, with different semiconductor units as anchoring and electron acceptor units to design dyes (D-1 to D-5). All new Dye as a reference (Ref-D) had been extended with electron acceptor semiconducting units to improve the electronic transmission and increased maximum absorbance (λmax). Their ionization potentials ranged between 2.65-5.31ev which showed their good electron donating nature. The λmax values of dyes D-1 to D-5 were 458–521 nm which had a considerable red shift from Ref-D. The second order NLO response of 134532 Debye-Angstrom− 1 was noted for D-2 which had the shortest bandgap. The charge tripping analysis of all the dyes miscible with the Ref-D showed an exclusive shift from HOMO of reference to LUMO of dye. The density of states (DOS) calculations with the illustrative dye D-5 show that electronic transmission from the dye towards the semiconductor was efficient. The inclusion of thiophene as π-conjugated spacer resulted in a significant increase in absorbance peak at 80 nm, which have led the UV ranges to the UV-vis and NIR regions. The DFT computed results offer light upon that design of novel DSSCs with silyl anchoring groups for improved stability and efficiency. The present research is in a kind of prediction to develop new NLO materials with D-π-A design involving semiconductor as anchoring groups to attach with a surface.
Effect of High-Flow Nasal Therapy on Patient-Centred Outcomes in Patients at High Risk of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications After Cardiac Surgery: A Statistical Analysis Plan for NOTACS, a Multicentre Adaptive Randomised Controlled Trial.
Authors: Dawson Sarah Natalie , Chiu Yi-Da , Earwaker Melissa , Klein Andrew A , Villar Sofia S
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe NOTACS trial will assess the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) compared to standard oxygen therapy (SOT) on the outcomes of patients after cardiac surgery. Methods / DesignNOTACS is an adaptive, international, multicentre, parallel group, randomised controlled trial, with a pre-planned interim sample size re-estimation (SSR). A minimum of 850 patients will be randomised 1:1 to receive either HFNT or SOT. The primary outcome is days alive and at home in the first 90 days after the planned surgery (DAH90), with a number of secondary analyses and cost-effectiveness analyses also planned. The interim SSR will take place after a minimum of 300 patients have been followed up for 90 days and will allow for the sample size to increase up to a maximum of 1152 patients. DiscussionThis manuscript outlines the key features of the NOTACS statistical analysis plan, and was submitted to the journal before the interim analysis in order to preserve scientific integrity under an adaptive design framework. The NOTACS SAP closely follows published guidelines for the content of SAPs in clinical trials. Trial registration: ISRCTN14092678 (13th May 2020, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14092678)
Upward global trends in managed honey bee colonies and production: a six-decade viewpoint, 1961-2017
Authors: Phiri Bernard J , Fèvre Damien , Hidano Arata
Published: July 2022

We conducted a retrospective study to examine the long-term trends for the global honey bee population and its two main products: honey and beeswax. Our analysis was based on the data collected by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations from 1961 to 2017. During this period, there were increases in the number of managed honey bee colonies (90.7%), honey production (236.2%) and beeswax production (115.8%). The amount of honey produced per colony increased by 50%, signifying improvements in the efficiency for producing honey. Concurrently, the human population grew by 135.3%. Whilst the absolute number of managed colonies increased globally, the number per capita declined by 19.9% from 13.6 colonies per 1000 population in 1961 to 10.9 colonies per 1000 population in 2017. Beeswax had a similar trend as the global production per capita reduced by 8.5% from 8.2 kg to 7.5 kg per 1000 population. In contrast, the global honey production per capita increased by 42.9% at the global level. The global human population growth outpaced that of managed honey bee colonies. Continuation of this trend raises the possibility of having a shortfall of pollinators to meet the increasing consumer demand for pollinated crops. To mitigate these challenges locally-driven solutions will be key as influencing factors differed geographically.
Assignment of IVL-Methyl side chain of the ligand-free monomeric human MALT1 paracaspase-IgL 3 domain in solution
Authors: Han Xiao , Levkovets Maria , Lesovoy Dmitry , Sun Renhua , Wallerstein Johan , Sandalova Tatyana , Agback Tatiana , Achour Adnane , Agback Peter , Orekhov Vladislav Yu.
Published: July 2022

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue protein 1 (MALT1) plays a key role in adaptive immune responses by modulating specific intracellular signalling pathways that control the development and proliferation of both T and B cells. Dysfunction of these pathways is coupled to the progress of highly aggressive lymphoma as well as to potential development of an array of different immune disorders. In contrast to other signalling mediators, MALT1 is not only activated through the formation of the CBM complex together with the proteins CARMA1 and Bcl10, but also by acting as a protease that cleaves multiple substrates to promote lymphocyte proliferation and survival via the NF-κB signalling pathway. Herein, we present the partial 1H, 13C Ile/Val/Leu-Methyl resonance assignment of the monomeric apo form of the paracaspase-IgL3 domain of human MALT1. Our results provide a solid ground for future elucidation of both the three-dimensional structure and the dynamics of MALT1, key for adequate development of inhibitors, and a thorough molecular understanding of its function(s).
Radio-diagnostic application of convolutional neural networks for dental sexual dimorphism
Authors: Franco Ademir , Porto Lucas , Heng Dennis , Murray Jared , Lygate Anna , Franco Raquel , Bueno Juliano , Sobania Marilia , Costa Márcio Magno , Paranhos Luiz Renato , Manica Scheila , Abade André
Published: July 2022

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) led to important solutions in the field of Computer Vision. More recently, forensic sciences benefited from the resources of artificial intelligence, especially in procedures that normally require operator-dependent steps. Forensic tools for sexual dimorphism based on morphological dental traits are available but have limited performance. This study aimed to test the application of a machine learning setup to distinguish females and males using dentomaxillofacial features from a radiographic dataset. The sample consisted of panoramic radiographs (n = 4,003) of individuals in the age interval of 6 and 22.9 years. Image annotation was performed with V7 software (V7labs, London, UK). From Scratch (FS) and Transfer Learning (TL) CNN architectures were compared, and diagnostic accuracy tests were used. TL (82%) performed better than FS (71%). The correct classifications of females and males aged ≥ 15 years were 87% and 84%, respectively. For females and males < 15 years, the correct classifications were 80% and 83%, respectively. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) from Receiver-operating Characteristic (ROC) curves showed high classification accuracy between 0.87 and 0.91. The radio-diagnostic use of CNN for sexual dimorphism showed positive outcomes and promising forensic applications to the field of dental human identification.
Phytochemical analysis and determination of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts of leaf and fruit of Ruta chalepensis (tenadam)
Authors: Workie Hailegnaw Gizaw , Desta Zelalem Yibralign
Published: July 2022

Background: Ruta chalepensis is a plant belongs to the family Rutaceae, originally native to the Mediterranean region. In Ethiopia, it is used as a flavoring agent in foods and beverages and also used as food preservative. It is also used as antisplasmodic, diuretic, sedative, and analgesic effects, and externally for its antirheumatic effect for treatment of menstrual problems as well as it is used as antiinflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial, antiplatelet, antihelminthic agent. Results: Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extracts of the fruit and leaf of the Ruta chalepensis showed the presence of some important bioactive compounds including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, etc. In addition to this, the extracts also showed good total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activities. For example, the total phenolic content of leaf and fruit extracts of R. chalepensis is 142.159 ±0.02 and 156.477 ±0.15 mgGAE/g dry weight respectively whereas the total flavonoid content of the extracts is 118.246±0.059 and 135.952± 0.116 mgQE/ g of dry weight respectively. Conclusions: Fruit and leaf extracts of R. chalepensis showed a good total phenolic and total flavonoid contents. The two extracts also showed weak to moderate antibacterial activities against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria at higher concentrations.
Incidence of hepatitis E virus among elevated liver enzyme (ALT, AST) Sudanese patients, Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Myada , Osman Amira Altom Fawzi
Published: July 2022

Background
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection is a newly recognized serious threat to global public health and Africa is suspected to be among the most severely affected regions in the world.
Objective
This study aimed to detect the frequency of anti-hepatitis E IgM, among elevated liver enzyme patients.
Methods
The current study is descriptive cross-sectional study carried out between April to august 2016, Ninety Patients with high liver enzyme ALT&AST and non B non C hepatitis attended Ibn senaa hospital Khartoum north, Omdurman teaching hospital and bahri teaching hospital bahri north, sedan were collected and tested by using (ELISA) kit
Results
show that Out of the 90 samples tested in order to evaluate the effect of age on HEV seropositivity, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between HEV seropositivity and age group,
Conclusion
study demonstrates the high prevalence rate of HEV seropositivity among non-hepatitis patients with high level enzyme ALT, AST. This will raise the potential risk of HEV infection by blood transfusion and may be the source of the outbreak.
Integrating Historic Preservation into a Wider Framework of Urban Development through Comprehensive Planning: An Evaluation of Local Comprehensive Plans in the 50 U.S. State Capitals
Authors: Zhang Luchen , Tang Yuexing , Chen Yang
Published: July 2022

Historic preservation should be integrated into the broader framework of urban devel-opment, which makes preservation through local comprehensive planning a good option. However, there has been limited demonstration of the content and quality of local comprehensive plans in the preservation and utilization of historic resources. In this study, the integration of historic preser-vation in local comprehensive plans in the U.S.’s 50 state capitals was evaluated using content analysis. Then, the variables that affect the quality of different plans were analyzed using multiple regression. This study revealed that the extent to which historic preservation is integrated into local comprehensive plans is at a medium scale, and it varies widely among the 50 state capitals. It was found that the performance of the indicators in the implementation component of the plan was generally weak, and the performance of the indicators related to the energy theme in urban de-velopment was weak. The study also found that the plans that included preservationists among the plan authors and the involvement of heritage committees in the planning process were of higher quality. Finally, policy recommendations are provided based on the results, which can guide planners, managers, decision makers, preservation advocates, and citizens in more effective inte-gration of historic preservation during the comprehensive planning process.
COVID-19 booster vaccine willingness among patients with chronic kidney disease in Taizhou, China
Authors: Chen He-Dan , Xu Guang-Biao , Chen Yan , Lin Xiao-Qing , Lv Li , Tung Tao-Hsin , Zhu Jian-Sheng
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Investgate the willingness of CKD patients to receive a COVID-19 booster vaccine dose and analyze the related factors of COVID-19 booster vaccine willingness in such patients.Methods: An online questionnaire investigation addressing participants’ willingness to receive a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine was organized among patients with chronic kidney disease in Taizhou, China.Result: A total of 350 valid copies were retrieved, among which 246 respondents (70.29%) were willing to receive a COVID-19 booster vaccine dose. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that high perceived vaccine safety and effectiveness, non-hemodialysis treatment, and one or two rounds of COVID-19 vaccine were related to COVID-19 booster vaccine willingness of CKD patients. Therefore, enhancing propaganda on safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine for CKD patients, raising their awareness about vaccination, and increasing vaccination of the first and second rounds can help increase the COVID-19 booster vaccination rate.