bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Enhancement Reading Comprehension by Using Memes As Media In Teaching of The Second Year Students At SMP Negeri 7 Parepare
Authors: Hasriani Dewi  , Ammang Latifa  , Nasrullah
Published: August 2024

This research was based on students' problems regarding English learning, especially the students' reading comprehension, where the students’ mean score was 53. The score was categorized low based on the assessment of the Dirjen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah 2016. Besides, this research was using memes to help the students’ reading comprehension. Memes are a combination of writing and images and expressions of people who function as entertainment and are spread by the internet. The purpose of this research is to find out whether or not the use of memes can enhance reading comprehension of the second year students at SMP Negeri 7 Parepare.
Researchers applied pre-experimental design, with one groups of pre-test and post-test. The sample of the research consisted of 24 students from one class taken from the population of the second year student at SMP Negeri 7 Parepare l. this research consisted of three stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage and the data analysis stage. The instrument was used in this research were the reading comprehension tests which aims to find out the extent of the students ability.
The result of the data analysis showed that students' reading comprehension enhanced after giving treatment. It was showed by the mean score of the pre-test was 75.42 and the post-test was 84.04 the data shows that the reading comprehension of the second year students at SMP Negeri 7 Parepare enhanced by using memes. After analyzing the data by manually, the result of the t-test value (5.38) was higher than the t-table value (α = 0.05, out of 24 students = 2,069). The data indicated that H0 was rejected, H1 was accepted. In conclusion, teaching reading comprehension used meme was effective to enhance the reading comprehension of the second year students at SMP Negeri 7 Parepare of academic year 2018/2019.
The Use of Describing Picture Strategy In Improving The Students’ Speaking Ability at UPTD SMPN 22 Barru
Authors: Wahyuni  , Khadijah Maming  , Sudarmanto
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study is to improve students speaking skill because the describing picture strategy method is a good method to improve students speaking skill, students self-confidence is also better able to build, students can also be more active in class and learn in English. The researcher use pre-experimental to carry out their research. The population in this study were all students eight class of SMPN 22 Barru for academic year 2021-2022. The researcher took one class of the second grade students at SMPN 22 Barru as the sample. It was class VIII-1 consisted of 32 students. The researcher used a oral test as the instrument to get the data. To collect the data, the researcher gave students twice test, there are pre-test and post-test. The researcher gave directions to students namely describing picture in the class with a minimum speaking duration of 5 minutes for the pre-test. The researcher asked the students to describe norally the picture which given by the researcher for the post-test.The results of the data analysis of the students average scores obtained by researchers during the study were 38.3 in pre-test and 83.92 in post-test. The speaking ability of class VIII-1 students at UPTD SMPN 22 Barru improved after being taught using describing picture strategy. This is reinforced by the results of the t-test where H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted.
Increasing Vocabulary Mastery of The Seventh Grade Students of SMP Negeri 3 Parepare Through Mind Mapping Technique
Authors: Sulfina  , Patahuddin
Published: August 2024

Vocabulary is one components of language. Vocabulary is one of the most important things to make our communication be fluent. One of component that links the listening, speaking, reading is vocabulary.. The objective of the research is to find out whether or not the use of riddle can improve the vocabulary of the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Parepare.
The research applied quasi-experimental method with two classes, experimental class and control class. The population of this research was the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 3 Parepare in academic year 2017/2018. The total number of population were 278 students and two classes of nine classes taken as sample by using cluster random sampling. The total number instrument of the pre-test and post-test of this research were 20 number which divide into 10 match the words, 5 multiple choice and 5 fill in the blank.
The result of data analysis shows that the students vocabulary improved. It was showed by the mean score of pre-test was 6,5 and post-test 85.83. it shows that the use mind mapping can improve the students vocabulary of the seventh  grade of SMP Negeri 3 Parepare.. After analyzing the data by using the test formula, the result of t-test value in post-test was 0,665 and t-table value was 2.000. It means that t-test value 0,665 was higher than t-table value 2.000. Those indicates that H₀ was rejected and H₁ was accepted and the students who were taught by using riddle is better than the students who were taught by using text book.
Teachers’ Strategies In Increasing Students’ Motivation In On-Line English Learning At UPT SMK Negeri 1 Parepare
Authors: Muhammad Ayyub  , Nasrullah  , Sudarmanto
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic situation made the Government announce the learning activities into on-line learning. This research focused on the teachers’ strategies used in increasing students’ motivation in english on-line learning classes. This study aimed at answering the following research questions: (1) what are the teachers’ strategies in increasing students’ motivation in english on-line learning at UPT SMK Negeri 1 Parepare? (2) To what extent do the strategies help the teachers in English on-line classes? This type of research was field research with qualitative approach. The results showed that (1) There were several strategies used by English teachers in increasing student motivation in learning English online. The strategies include: using news text, using dialogue text, doing personal approach, giving students the praise/reward, and make a video. (2) Strategies in teaching through on-line learning classes during the COVID-19 pandemic greatly assisted teachers in the increasing motivation students in teaching and learning process to achieve learning goals.
The Influence of Duolingo Gamification in Teaching EFL of The Eight Grade Students of SMPN 8 Parepare
Authors: Usrul Bin Sani
Published: August 2024

This research explores the idea of using an already existing language learning app, Duolingo, to students at SMPN 8 parepare. These types of apps use adaptive learning technologies, which are able to tailor the tasks to the level of each student. In the case of this research, Duolingo was used as part of the media of studies in teaching EFL. The students used the app online, either in its android phone or IOS phone. The purpose of this research is to find out the use of Duolingo Gamification is able to influence the EFL students in learning EFL or not and to analyze the significant difference between the EFL learner’s mastery in English language before and after being taught by using Duolingo Gamification.
The researcher applied quasi-experimental method, with two group pre-test and post-test design. The samples of this research consisted of 42 students from two classes taken from the population of the eight grade students of SMPN 8 Parepare.
Preliminary results shows that Duolingo Gamification is an easy-to-use app that is useful and has potential, although its main lessons are not based on communicative competence. It is enjoy learning process and can motivate the students because of several elements, such as the accessibility on a mobile device, its Gamification aspect, and the variety of tasks. The results of data analysis showed that there was significant difference between the EFL learner mastery in English language before and after being taught by using Duolingo Gamification. This is indicated by the mean score of the pre-test is 35.85 and the post-test is 66.42. The results of the data show the t-test value in the post-test is 5.751 and the t-table value is 2.021. The data shows that H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected and students who are taught through Gamification Duolingo media are better than students who are taught through the Picture media.
Students’ Learning Style and Their Perception in Speaking Subjects at English Department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare
Authors: Zulfrida Marzuki
Published: August 2024

This research was conducted to obtain the learning style that commonly apllied in Speaking Subjects by students of English Department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare. This research also conducted to obtain the importance of knowing learning styles that apllied in Speaking Subjects of English Department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare based on students’ perception. This research used Qualitative Descriptive by design conducted with students. The population of this research is English Department of Universitas Muhammadiyah Parepare. The respondents of this research consist of six respondents. In addition, the researcher conducted interview and questionnaire to obtained the data. The result of this research showed that the kind of learning style that commonly apllied in speaking subjects by students are kinesthetic and auditory based on the result of interview and questionnaire. Learning style kinesthetic was the highest score based on the result of questionnaire, the second was auditory, the third was read/write, and the lowest score was visual. Besides, the result of this research also showed that students’ perception toward the importance of knowing learning style especially in speaking subjects stated that learning style is one of the important things to know and understand by students because it plays an important role in learning process for students themselves.
WHAT I LEARNT: MOBA GAME IN IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL, INDONESIA
Authors: Arismunandar
Published: August 2024

This research was conveying the influencing MOBA game in the teaching and learning process. This research has two intentions were: 1) influence of MOBAenhance the ability of students to speak, and 2) students’ interest in the use of MOBAgame. This research used a mixed-method. This research’s population was ten classes of the Eleventh grader at SMA Negeri 3 Sidenreng Rappang by population total were 298 students. The research’s sample was XI IPA2(33 students) which got by using a cluster randomly. This research used two varieties of instruments were speaking testand questionnaire. This study found that the influence of MOBA in clarifying thespeaking ability was improving. The mean score of post-test evidenced was higher than pre-test (69.39>51.81). So the researcher stated H0 was refused and H1 was confirmed. Furthermore, this research also found that the Eleventh grader wasinterested in learning speaking where was proved by the questionnaire’s mean score was 79.72 were classified in an interesting category
The library research ; the effectiveness of social media on EFL learners speaking skill
Authors: Nur Ardila Angriani , Larekeng Siti Hajar , Sianna Sianna
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
Social media is a tool of information and communication technology used by people to communicate online. There are many kinds of social media such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Youtube, etc. Due to the pandemic in the last two years, students and teachers use virtual or online learning which uses several applications or social media sites. The purpose of this research is to help the EFL learners’ to find out what type of social media is most effectively used for speaking skill. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with a library research method, there are 15 articles compared in this study with a time span of the last 6 years. The results of this study, based on 15 articles that have been reviewed, show that all types of social media when used in learning English are effective. In this case it is said to be effective based on the type of learning and the skills learned but the researcher found that the most popular social media and most often used by EFL to improve their speaking skill in the last 6 years is the YouTube application.
Developing Instructional Material And Strategies For Buginese Learners In The Crash Course Program at Neroa School
Authors: Ahyadi Ahyadi , Jabu Baso , Nur Rafi'ah
Published: August 2024

This research is a development research that aims to develop an instructional strategy and suitable materials for an English crash course program at Neroa School, a non-formal educational institution in Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This research is a continuation of previous research conducted by researchers that focused on identifying the needs of Buginese learners in learning English as a foreign language. Researchers adopted the ADDIE Model developed by Branch (2009), covering the stages of analysis, design, develop, implementation, and evaluation. The research instrument used was a questionnaire at the stage of needs analysis and product validation as well as pre-test and post-test sheets at the implementation stage before the evaluation process which contained product revisions. Data analysis is presented in a statistically qualitative descriptive form. This research produces a teaching material with the genre of Grammar for Speaking accompanied by teaching strategies that are in line with the material.
Schwammstadt und Superblock – neue Ansätze für die Umgestaltung von Quartieren
Authors: Stevanovic Stefan , Eggimann Sven
Published: August 2024

Die Schwammstadt und der Superblock sind vielversprechende und sich ergänzende Konzepte für eine urbane Transformation von Quartieren und Städten, um Herausforderungen im Bereich Mobilität, Klimawandel oder Wassermanagement anzugehen. Eine kombinierte Umsetzung der Schwammstadt und des Superblocks eröffnet interessante Möglichkeiten, urbanes Grün zu fördern. Beide Konzepte werden aktuell in der Schweiz anhand von Pilotprojekten in mehreren Städten umgesetzt und getestet. Dieser Beitrag führt die beiden Konzepte kurz ein, diskutiert Beispiele aus der Schweiz und geht auf offene Fragen rund um die praktische Implementierung ein.
Using The SMART Method For Web-Based Employee Performance Measurement
Authors: Apriani Rika , Dwita Febrisi , Sumardiono Sumardiono , Sabil Muhammad Ramsa
Published: August 2024

Employee performance appraisal is one of the important aspects in human resource management that serves to measure individual contributions to the organization. At Matahari Departement Store (MDS) Cileungsi, the performance appraisal process is still done manually which takes time and is often subjective. This research aims to implement the SMART (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique) method in a decision support system (DSS) to improve the efficiency and objectivity of employee performance appraisals using system development in the form of RAD (Rapid Application Development). The SMART method was chosen for its ability to combine various assessment criteria with adjustable weights. The implementation of this method involves several stages, including identification of assessment criteria, determination of weights, data collection, and calculation of final scores. The results show that the developed system can provide a more structured and transparent employee performance appraisal than the manual method. This system is expected to help the management of MDS Cileungsi in making more informed decisions regarding employee development
PENGARUH BUDAYA SUKU ARFAK (HATAM-MEYAH-MOILE-SOUGB) TERHADAP PERENCANAAN DAN PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR KOTA DI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI
Authors: Isir Happries Januaris , Rante Harmonis , Rumansara Enos H.
Published: August 2024

The Papuan community strongly identifies with its culture and customs. What happens in Papua in general, and specifically in Manokwari Regency as the oldest city in Papua/the city where the Gospel entered the Land of Papua, a city rich in history and culture, has not fully actualized its culture into the governance framework established in the regulations of the regency government, the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), the Papuan People's Assembly (MRP), the Customary Council (DAP), NGOs, and the Customary Institutions (LMA). Law Number 21 of 2001 granted the Provinces of Papua and West Papua a special status. To this day, the uniqueness and distinctiveness of other regions in Indonesia do not guarantee that planning and development will follow and respect the culture and customs of the indigenous Papuan people, as stipulated in the Special Autonomy Law. Private sectors, state-owned enterprises, the government, and NGOs are rapidly developing their plans, but they do not incorporate the local wisdom of the community. The Papuan people are beginning to erode and neglect their culture, which serves as their symbol and identity. Therefore, the implementation of planning and development rules based on local wisdom, along with the modeling of forms, attributes, carvings, decorations, and ornaments, is a tangible manifestation of cultural preservation.Recognizing that the city of Manokwari's infrastructure development cannot ignore the long-standing values and cultural aspects is crucial. This embodies the aspiration and desire of the Manokwari people to be active participants in their land and culture, not merely spectators.
PERBANDINGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN SISWI KELAS XII SMA MTA SURAKATA YANG MENGIKUTI PROGRAM KEAGAMAAN ASRAMA DAN NON ASRAMA
Authors: Rizqi Animah  , Mardiyan Hayati  , Rochman Basuki
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Di Indonesia, menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar pada tahun 2018 menunjukan bahwa gangguan kecemasan pada remaja di Indonesia memiliki prevalensi berkisar antara 65-78%. Perasaan cemas dapat dihindari dengan respon emosi positif dan salah satunya dengan upaya membangun kedekatan kepada Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala, dimana hal tersebut dapat memberi kemantapan bathin, perasaan bahagia, terlindungi, dan rasa aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan tingkat kecemasan siswi kelas XII SMA MTA Surakarta yang mengikuti program keagamaan asrama dan non asrama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data dalam satu waktu. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh terhadap 41 siswi asrama dan 26 siswi non asrama kelas XII SMA MTA Surakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswi yang mengalami kecemasan sedang yaitu sebanyak 19 responden (28,4%) dan pada siswi yang mengikuti program keagamaan non asrama menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar  mengalami tingkat kecemasan berat yaitu sebanyak 9 responden (13,4%). Diketahui adanya perbandingan tingkat kecemasan siswi kelas XII SMA MTA Surakarta yang mengikuti program keagamaan asrama dan non asrama. Kesimpulan hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan adanya perbandingan tingkat kecemasan siswi yang mengikuti program keagamaan asrama dan non asrama dengan p value = 0,000 (≤0,05).
 
ABSTRACT
Anxiety has the highest prevalence of mental disorders in general. In Indonesia, according to Basic Health Research in 2018, anxiety disorders among teenagers in Indonesia have a prevalence ranging from 65-78%. Feelings of anxiety can be avoided with a positive emotional response and one of them is by trying to build closeness to Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala, which can provide inner stability, feelings of happiness, protection and a sense of security. Religion in an individual's life will be motivation and hope. The research aims to find out the comparison of anxiety levels of class. This research uses an analytical observational method with a cross sectional design. namely by collecting data at one time. Based on data obtained from research conducted on 41 female dormitory students and 26 non-dormitory female students in class XII SMA MTA Surakarta. The result show Most of the female students experienced moderate anxiety, namely 19 respondents (28.4%) and female students who took part in non-dormitory religious programs showed that the majority experienced severe levels of anxiety, namely 9 respondents (13.4%). It is known that there is a comparison of the anxiety levels of class. The results of the Mann Whitney test show that there is a comparison of the anxiety levels of female students who take part in dormitory and non-dormitory religious programs with p value = 0.000 (≤0.05).
STIMULASI TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK USIA PRA SEKOLAH
Authors: Florensia Debora Kote  , Arum Dwi Anjani  , Devy Lestari Nurul Aulia  , Ria Rukmana
Published: August 2024

Usia prasekolah menjadi salah satu masa dalam mengoptimalkan kemampuan dan minat anak dalam bidang kesehatan, anak mulai mengalami perkembangan dan peningkatan kosa kata bahasa dan kemampuan berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sosialnya, mulai mengembangkan dan mengatur tingkat emosionalnya, mulai membedakan hal yang boleh dan tidak boleh dilakukan, dan mengeksplorasi suatu hal secara mandiri atau berani serta yang ketergantungan. Tujuannya adalah melakukan asuhan kebidanan dengan memeriksakan dan mengetahui tumbuh kembang anak di RS Bunda Halimah Kota Batam tahun 2024. Metode penelitian ditulis berdasarkan laporan studi kasus pada An. F umur 4 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode literatur review dan observasional deskriptif. Subjek dalam pemberian asuhan kebidanan dalam melakukan pemeriksaan untuk mengetahui tumbuh kembang An. F umur 4 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki. Hasilnya adalah telah dilakukan asuhan kebidanan pemeriksaan tumbuh kembang An. F di RS. Hj. Bunda Halimah. Dengan evaluasi tidak terdapat kesenjangan perkembangan pada anak selain itu juga tidak ada keluhan dari orang tua tentang masalah tumbuh kembang anaknya. Kesimpulannya adalah perlu dilakukannya pemeriksaan tumbuh kembang anak untuk mendeteksi secara akurat apabila ada tanda-tanda kelainan yang mungkin terjadi pada anak usia pra sekolah.
GAMBARAN DERAJAT PENDENGARAN DAN HEARING HANDICAP INVENTORY FOR THE ELDERLY (HHIE) TENAGA PENDIDIK LANJUT USIA DI LINGKUP UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO
Authors: Christin Rony Nayoan  , Ipfi White  , Nur Syamsi
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Jumlah dan proporsi penduduk usia 60 tahun ke atas semakin meningkat. Satu dari tiga orang berusia 65 dan lebih tua mengalami beberapa tingkat gangguan pendengaran. Gangguan pendengaran sering tidak terdiagnosis dan tidak ditatalaksana, bahkan pada orang tua, sehingga dapat menganggu kualitas hidup lanjut usia terutama yang masih aktif bekerja seperti tenaga pendidik. Hearing Handicap Inventory for elderly (HHIE) merupakan kuesioner yang dapat mendeteksi adanya gangguan pendengaran. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran  audiogram dan skor  HHIE pada tenaga pendidik lansia di lingkup Universitas Tadulako. Metode: Penelitian Cross sectional dengan jumlah total responden  33 orang. Hasil: Responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini terdistribusi sebanyak 28 orang (84 %) tanpa handicap, 3 orang (10%) handicap   ringan–sedang, dan 2 orang (6 %) termasuk handicap berat. Hasil audiogram didapatkan pada telinga kanan - kiri adalah normal 46 % - 57 %, kurang pendnegaran derajat ringan , 43%  – 39 %, kurang pendengaran derajat sedang 4 % - 4% dan kurang pendengaran derajat berat 7 % - 0 %. Kesimpulan: Gambaran audiogram dan hasil HHIE pada tenaga pendidik lansia sebagian besar masih normal dan tanpa handicap.
ABSTRACT
Background: The number and proportion of the population aged 60 years and over is increasing. One in three people aged 65 and older experience some degree of hearing loss. Hearing loss is often undiagnosed and untreated, even in the elderly, so that it can interfere with the quality of life of the elderly, especially those who are still actively working such as educators. Hearing Handicap Inventory for elderly (HHIE) is a questionnaire that can detect hearing loss. Objective: To find out the description of the audiogram and HHIE scores for elderly educators at Tadulako University. Methods: Cross sectional research with a total of 33 respondents. Results: Respondents involved in this study were distributed as many as 28 people (84%) without handicaps, 3 people (10%) with mild-moderate handicaps, and 2 people (6%) including severe handicaps. Audiogram results obtained in the right - left ear were  normal, 46 % - 57%, a mild degree of hearing loss, 43% - 39 %, moderate degree of hearing loss, 4% - 4% and severe degree of hearing loss 7% - 0%. Conclusion:Audiogram description and HHIE results for elderly educators are mostly normal and without handicaps.
Injury Detector as a Visual Learning Media in Forensic Medicine
Authors: Trissanto Stefanus , Wiraagni Idha Arfianti , Widagdo Hendro , Pidada Ida Bagus Gede Surya Putra
Published: August 2024

ABSTRAK
Media pembelajaran visual dapat membantu mahasiswa pendidikan profesi kedokteran belajar lebih baik. Injury Detectordapat mendeteksi jenis cedera benda tumpul dalam kedokteran forensik. Injury Detector menyediakan kesempatan dalam pembelajaran interpretasi luka bagi mahasiswa program pendidikan profesi dalam bidang kedokteran forensik. Mengetahui perbedaan proporsi dari hasil belajar antara mahasiswa profesi yang mempelajari interpretasi luka dengan Injury Detectors dan buku teks (E-book) Knight’s Forensic Pathology Fourth Edition. Menggunakan metode deskripsi analitis dengan desain penelitian Cross Sectional, yang dilakukan terhadap 70 mahasiswa pendidikan profesi yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok 1 (Pembelajaran Interpretasi Luka Robek dan Memar dengan buku teks (E-Book) Knight’s Forensic Pathology Fourth Edition). Proporsi kedua kelompok dengan Chi-Square, diuji berdasarkan skor dari pre-test, post-test, dan nilai rata-rata dari pre-test dan post-test. Ditemukan perbedaan dalam proporsi dari hasil tes dengan p = .437 (p.0,05) pada pre-test, p = .089 (p > .05) di post-test dan p = .092 (p > .05) pada nilai rata rata pre-test – post-test scores. Injury Detector sebagai media pembelajaran visual yang didukung Artificial Intelligence memperoleh hasil yang baik, sehingga diperlukan komitmen yang kolektif dari lembaga pendidikan, terutama dalam bidang kedokteran forensik, agar dapat mengadopsi kegiatan ini secara efektif.
ABSTRACT
Visual learning media can help students of medical professional education to learn better. Injury detector as an object detector and able to interpret the type of blunt force injury in Forensic Medicine. Injury Detector provides the latest opportunities in learning wound interpretation for medical professional education program students in the field of Forensic Medicine. Knowing the difference in the proportion of learning outcomes between the medical professional education program students who learn wound interpretation with Injury Detectors and textbooks (E-book) Knight’s Forensic Pathology Fourth Edition. Using analytical description method with analytical cross sectional research design. Conducted on 70 medical professional education program students who were divided into 2 groups, namely Group 1 (Learning Interpretation of Lacerations and Bruises with Textbook (E-book) Knight’s Forensic Pathology Fourth Edition). The proportion of both groups with Chi-Square was tested based on pre-test, post-test, and average pre-test – post-test scores. There is a difference in the proportion of learning outcome test with p = .437 (p>.05) in the pre-test, p = .089 (p > .05) in the post-test and p = .092 (p > .05) in the average pre-test – post-test scores. Injury Detector as a visual learning method supported by Artificial Intelligence obtained good results so that collective commitment from educational institutions, especially in the field of forensic medicine, is needed to adopt this technology effectively.
Development of Language Skills of Students by Establishing Inter-Subject Connections Between the Kazakh Language and the History of Kazakhstan Subjects
Authors: Kaliyeva Zaure , Bektassova Gulnaziya , Aliyeva Assemgul , Tleuberdinov Kuat
Published: August 2024

This study investigates how well it works to foster students' language proficiency development by creating interdisciplinary links between the history of Kazakhstan and the Kazakh language in the Nazarbayev Intellectual Schools. The research examines how integrating language instruction with historical content enhances students' language proficiency, critical thinking abilities, and cultural literacy. It is based on the tenets of interdisciplinary education and language acquisition theory. The research methodology includes a comprehensive review of the literature on Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) pedagogy, an analysis of the structure of curricula, and the collection of empirical data through classroom observations and student assessment. The relevance of integrating language learning with the history of Kazakhstan lies in its ability to promote the development of multilingualism, increase the level of language proficiency, and deepen cultural understanding among students, thereby preparing them to become informed and involved citizens in a diverse global society. The aim of the investigation is to study and apply pedagogical strategies like CLIL. These strategies help students become more proficient in language and enhance cultural understanding. Furthermore, the research elucidates the teaching approaches and optimal methodologies employed in the classroom.
A new perspective on optimizers: leveraging moreau-yosida approximation in gradient-based learning
Authors: Betti Alessandro , Ciravegna Gabriele , Gori Marco , Melacci Stefano , Mottin Kevin , Precioso Frédéric
Published: August 2024

Machine Learning (ML) heavily relies on optimization techniques built upon gradient descent. Numerous gradient-based update methods have been proposed in the scientific literature, particularly in the context of neural networks, and have gained widespread adoption as optimizers in ML software libraries. This paper introduces a novel perspective by framing gradient-based update strategies using the Moreau-Yosida (MY) approximation of the loss function. Leveraging a first-order Taylor expansion, we demonstrate the concrete exploitability of the MY approximation to generalize the model update process. This enables the evaluation and comparison of regularization properties underlying popular optimizers like gradient descent with momentum, ADAGRAD, RMSprop, and ADAM. The MY-based unifying view opens up possibilities for designing new update schemes with customizable regularization properties. To illustrate this potential, we propose a case study that redefines the concept of closeness in the parameter space using network outputs. We present a proof-of-concept experimental procedure, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach in continual learning scenarios. Specifically, we employ the well-known permuted MNIST dataset, a progressively-permuted MNIST and CIFAR-10 benchmarks, and a non i.i.d. stream. Additionally, we validate the update scheme’s efficacy in an offline-learning scenario. By embracing the MY-based unifying view, we pave the way for advancements in optimization techniques for machine learning.
GNE Myopathy: Genotype – Phenotype Correlation and Disease Progression in an Indian Cohort
Authors: Baskar Dipti , Reddy Nishanth , Preethish-Kumar Veeramani , Polavarapu Kiran , Nishadham Vikas , Vengalil Seena , Nashi Saraswati , Sanka Sai Bhargava , Bardhan Mainak , Huddar Akshata , Unnikrishnan Gopikrishnan , Harikrishna Ganaraja Valakunja , Gunasekaran Swetha , Thomas Priya Treesa , Keerthipriya Muddasu Suhasini , Girija Manu Santhappan , Arunachal Gautham , Anjanappa Ram Murthy , Nishino Ichizo , Pogoryelova Oksana , Lochmuller Hanns , Nalini Atchayaram
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

GNE myopathy is a rare slowly progressive adult-onset distal myopathy with autosomal recessive inheritance. It has distinctive features of quadriceps sparing with preferential anterior tibial involvement. Most patients eventually become wheelchair bound by 10–20 years after onset. This study analyzes the phenotype-genotype characteristics and disease progression in a large cohort of GNEM patients from India.

Materials and methods:

Retrospective observational study on GNEM from a quaternary neurology referral hospital in southern India. Data was collected from clinical phenotyping, serum creatine kinase levels, muscle biopsy histopathology, genetic analysis and functional assessment scales – IBMFRS and MDFRS.

Results:

157 patients were included with mean age at onset and diagnosis: 26.5±6.2 years and 32.8±7.8 years, respectively. M:F ratio was 25 : 13. Most common presenting symptom: foot drop (46.5%) and limb girdle weakness (19.1%). Wasting and weakness of small muscles of hand and finger flexors seen in 66.2% and as an initial symptoms in 5.2%. Though tibialis anterior involvement was most common (89.2%), early quadriceps weakness was noted in 3.2% and Beevor’s sign in 59.2%. Rimmed vacuoles were present in 75% of patients with muscle biopsy. Most common variant was the Indian Founder variant identified in 129 patients (c.2179 G>A, p.Val727Met - 82.2%) and most common zygosity being compound heterozygous state ( n = 115, 87.5%). Biallelic kinase domain variations predisposed to a more severe phenotype. Wheelchair bound state noted in 8.9% with a mean age and duration of 32.0±7.1 and 6.3±4.9 years respectively, earlier than previous studies on other ethnic groups.

Conclusion:

This is the largest GNEM cohort reported from South Asia. The p.Val727Met variant in compound heterozygous state is noted in majority (82.2%) of the cases. Observed relationships between genotype and clinical parameters shows that severity of the disease might be attributable to specific GNE genotype and thus could aid in predicting the disease progression.
Towards a neuro-symbolic cycle for human-centered explainability
Authors: Mileo Alessandra
Published: August 2024

Deep learning is being very successful in supporting humans in the interpretation of complex data (such as images and text) for critical decision tasks. However, it still remains difficult for human experts to understand how such results are achieved, due to the “black box” nature of the deep models used. In high-stake decision making scenarios such as the interpretation of medical imaging for diagnostics, such a lack of transparency still hinders the adoption of these techniques in practice. In this position paper we present a conceptual methodology for the design of a neuro-symbolic cycle to address the need for explainability and confidence (including trust) of deep learning models when used to support human experts in high-stake decision making, and we discuss challenges and opportunities in the implementation of such cycle as well as its adoption in real world scenarios. We elaborate on the need to leverage the potential of hybrid artificial intelligence combining neural learning and symbolic reasoning in a human-centered approach to explainability. We advocate that the phases of such a cycle should include i) the extraction of knowledge from a trained network to represent and encode its behaviour, ii) the validation of the extracted knowledge through commonsense and domain knowledge, iii) the generation of explanations for human experts, iv) the ability to map human feedback into the validated representation from i), and v) the injection of some of this knowledge in a non-trained network to enable knowledge-informed representation learning. The holistic combination of causality, expressive logical inference, and representation learning, would result in a seamless integration of (neural) learning and (cognitive) reasoning that makes it possible to retain access to the inherently explainable symbolic representation without losing the power of the deep representation. The involvement of human experts in the design, validation and knowledge injection process is crucial, as the conceptual approach paves the way for a new human–ai paradigm where the human role goes beyond that of labeling data, towards the validation of neural-cognitive knowledge and processes.
Persistent pulmonary hypertension and short-term neurological outcomes in infants with moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Ismail R. , Vorhies E. , Mohammad K. , Soraisham A. , Scott J. , Stritzke A.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Our aim was to investigate the relationship between persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), short-term brain injury or death, and clinical parameters in infants with moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

METHODS:

Retrospective single-center cohort study of 274 HIE infants, 230 underwent Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH). Primary outcome was severe HIE brain injury on MRI and/or death within the first month of life in relation to presence and severity of PPHN (clinical or echocardiographic). Secondary outcomes were HIE brain injury pattern, abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG), seizures, clinical, and laboratory differences. A logistic regression model was performed to evaluate PPHN presence and severity as risk factor for brain injury or death.

RESULTS:

The combined outcome of severe brain injury or death was higher in the clinical PPHN group vs non-PPHN (32.6 vs 22.8%, p = 0.014). There was no difference in brain injury, seizure burden or EEG abnormalities associated with PPHN, despite those with PPHN being sicker with higher ventilation needs and worse laboratory values than those without. Mortality had a strong correlation with echocardiographic PPHN with the highest incidence in severe (36%) vs moderate (7.7%) vs mild PPHN (10%, p = 0.002). Highest mortality had those with ‘early exit’ who did not complete 72 hours of TH (71.4%).

CONCLUSIONS:

In infants with HIE, PPHN was not associated with increased risk of brain injury as evident on MRI, nor seizure burden, despite being sicker with worse laboratory values. However, mortality rates were higher the worse the PPHN, especially with early exit from TH.
Multilingual question answering systems for knowledge graphs – a survey
Authors: Perevalov Aleksandr , Both Andreas , Ngonga Ngomo Axel-Cyrille
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a survey on multilingual Knowledge Graph Question Answering (mKGQA). We employ a systematic review methodology to collect and analyze the research results in the field of mKGQA by defining scientific literature sources, selecting relevant publications, extracting objective information (e.g., problem, approach, evaluation values, used metrics, etc.), thoroughly analyzing the information, searching for novel insights, and methodically organizing them. Our insights are derived from 46 publications: 26 papers specifically focused on mKGQA systems, 14 papers concerning benchmarks and datasets, and 7 systematic survey articles. Starting its search from 2011, this work presents a comprehensive overview of the research field, encompassing the most recent findings pertaining to mKGQA and Large Language Models. We categorize the acquired information into a well-defined taxonomy, which classifies the methods employed in the development of mKGQA systems. Moreover, we formally define three pivotal characteristics of these methods, namely resource efficiency, multilinguality, and portability. These formal definitions serve as crucial reference points for selecting an appropriate method for mKGQA in a given use case. Lastly, we delve into the challenges of mKGQA, offer a broad outlook on the investigated research field, and outline important directions for future research. Accompanying this paper, we provide all the collected data, scripts, and documentation in an online appendix.
Prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in a population-based setting among 75-year-olds
Authors: Lindell Ellen , Finizia Caterina , Davidsson Hugo , Kollen Lena , Kern Silke , Skoog Ingmar , Rydén Lina
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cause of dizziness among older adults.

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the prevalence of BPPV and positional symptoms of dizziness and nystagmus among 75-year-olds and to identify factors associated with BPPV and positional dizziness and nystagmus.

METHODS:

In this cross-sectional population-based study of 75-78-year-olds in Gothenburg, 887 participants were examined with questions regarding dizziness and health and social factors. A total of 681 participants underwent the Dix-Hallpike test or the side-lying test for BPPV using Video Frenzel goggles.

RESULTS:

In total 32% reported problems with dizziness ( n = 887). The prevalence of BPPV was 4% in the unweighted and 4.5% in the weighted analyses, compensating for selective attrition of women and participants with previous positional dizziness. Positional dizziness without nystagmus was found in 2% and nystagmus without dizziness was found in 9%. Individuals with BPPV and positional dizziness experienced more dizziness in everyday life compared with those with normal tests, while those with positional nystagmus did not.

CONCLUSIONS:

The estimated prevalence of BPPV among 75-year-olds was 4.5%. Despite weighted analyses, the true prevalence may be higher since many participants with dizziness refused testing. Dizziness was associated with fear and discomfort so strong that around 20% of the participants declined testing.
Influence of Cultural Factors on Organizational Performance of Multinational Corporations: A Bibliometric Review from 1983 to 2020
Authors: Wang Fengchen , Barajas Angel
Published: August 2024

Cultural factors play an important role that affects the organizational performance of, especially, the multinational corporations operating across countries and cultures. This study aims to investigate the scientific information related to this research area. The metadata from 856 scientific documents published from 1983 to 2020 in 195 journals indexed on the Web of Science has been analyzed. This study provides deeper insights on: (i) productivity and performance in the contents of the research area; (ii) the most influential countries and regions, journals, authors, and citations contributing to this research area; (iii) most frequent keywords and their direction for future research.
Methotrexate Induced Lymphadenitis: A Case Report
Authors: Sarma Indrani , Barman Bhupen , Sarma Phulen , Saikia Dibyajyoti
Published: August 2024

INTRODUCTION: Methotrexate-induced lymphadenitis (MILA), a rare adverse effect of methotrexate treatment, occurs in a small percentage of patients using the drug for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. The prevalence of MILA varies, with some studies suggesting higher incidence in rheumatoid arthritis cases. The exact mechanisms are not fully understood but involve direct toxic effects on lymphoid tissue and methotrexate's immunomodulatory actions. MILA may occur early or after prolonged use, presenting as localized or generalized lymph node enlargement. Here, we are presenting a case where the patient developed lymphadenitis following methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

CASE REPORT: In this case, a 39-year-old woman with a history of Rheumatoid Arthritis, undergoing methotrexate treatment presented with complaint of swelling in the neck, joint pain, and local rise of temperature. She was admitted for further investigation. Routine tests were normal, but Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) revealed reactive lymphadenitis. Methotrexate was stopped on admission. The patient was kept under observation. Hydroxychloroquine along with other medications were continued. Remarkably, neck swelling regressed within 36 hours. The patient was discharged next day without any further complications. Causality assessment showed a possible relation between methotrexate and lymphadenitis.

CONCLUSION: The association between lymphadenitis and methotrexate is complicated and requires further evaluation. This patient presented with a small swelling in the cervical region which regressed completely on withholding the medication. Such complications can be avoided with routine follow up if a definitive association can be established between the two. Further studies are required in this regard.
Sectoral Growth Dynamics: Inequality Tradeoff and Sustainability in Central America
Authors: Vanegas Sr Manuel Antonio
Published: August 2024

This study is concerned with both the interlinks between inequality, extreme poverty reduction, and economic growth and estimates the dampening impact on economic growth and on extreme poverty rates using the Central American countries annualized level data. These dynamic complexities, are analyzed within the auto regressive distributed lag bounds testing approach to cointegration. The results show that when extreme poverty reduction is decomposed into two separate impacts, the growth impact on poverty reduction was lessened by the incidence of high-income inequality. The total dampening impact of inequality, varies from 1.1522% for El Salvador to 2.0589% for Honduras, due to a 1% increase in inequality. Reducing inequalities can be doubly beneficial for the extreme poor in Central American countries. The magnitude of changes in poverty reduction depends on each country-specifics, which leads to the implementation of a different strategy for extreme poverty reduction to different countries
Pendampingan Guru Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dengan Strategi Lu’batud Dzakirah
Authors: Rufaiqoh Elok , Asy’ari Hasyim , Yaqin Muhammad Ainul , Rahman Fathor , Siti Nur Halizah
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This assistance aims to develop the assets of the Baitur Rahman Bitting-Arjasa-Jember Al-Quran Education Park (TPQ) community in the quality aspect of Human Resources (HR), namely teachers in creating effective, innovative, and enjoyable Arabic language learning. This empowerment process uses the Asset Basic Community Development (ABCD) approach. The results of the mentoring show that the empowerment of TPQ Baitur Rahman teachers will not be successful if there is no cooperation and active participation from the mentoring subjects and all assets related to TPQ Baitur Rahman; the implementation of empowerment runs optimally because this empowerment results in the development of the quality of TPQ Baitur Rahman teachers in implementing the lu'batud dzakirah strategy to increase maharah kalam which is very necessary for improving learning processes and outcomes in the community; The application of this strategy familiarizes students with listening and practicing speaking using Arabic so that effective, efficient and enjoyable Arabic language learning can be created.
Keywords: Arabic Language Teacher, Strategy Lu'batud Dzakiroh, Maharah Kalam.
Abstrak
Pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan asset komunitas Taman Pendidikan al-Quran (TPQ) Baitur Rahman Bitting-Arjasa-Jember pada aspek kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yaitu Guru dalam menciptakan pembelajaran bahasa Arab yang efektif, inovatif, dan menyenangkan. Proses pemberdayaan ini menggunakan pendekatan Asset Basic Commninty Development (ABCD). Hasil pendampingan menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan guru-guru TPQ Baitur Rahman tidak akan berhasil jika tidak ada kerjasama dan partisipasi aktif dari subjek pendampingan dan seluruh aset yang berkaitan dengan TPQ Baitur Rahman; pelaksanaan pemberdayaan berjalan dengan optimal karena pemberdayaan ini menghasilkan pengembangan kualitas guru-guru TPQ Baitur Rahman dalam menerapkan strategi lu’batud dzakirah untuk meningkatkan maharah kalam yang sangat diperlukan dalam peningkatan proses dan hasil belajar di komunitas tersebut; penerapan strategi ini membiasakan siswa untuk mendengarkan dan praktek berbicara dengan menggunakan Bahasa Arab, sehingga dapat tercipta pembelajaran Bahasa Arab yang efektif, efisien, dan menyenangkan.
Kata Kunci: Guru Bahasa Arab, Strategi Lu’batud Dzakiroh, Maharah Kalam.