bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forming smart port system in logistic infrastructure of Northern Sea Route
Authors: Gviliya Natalya Alekseevna , Kochurova Anna Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2022

Forming a system of smart ports in the logistics infrastructure of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) has been analyzed. There are considered the cases of the current development of port infrastructure in the NSR, the world experience of implementing a smart port in the existing logistics infrastructure is analyzed, the ways to introduce this system into the port infrastructure of the Northern Sea Route to optimize logistics flows in the Russian Arctic are studied. The main share of volume indicators of ships in Russian ports in 2020 is illustrated. It has been stated that one of the leading positions, according to the main share of ship indicators, is occupied by the seaport of Murmansk, which, despite its location and climatic conditions, is the largest ice-free shipping hub not only in the Russian Federation, but in the global maritime space. A systematic approach including the general scientific and special research methods is applied: comparison, formalization, generalization, classification, analysis, synthesis. Based on the comparative analysis of the parameters of the traditional and smart ports, the key components of the smart port are identified: smart infrastructure, smart traffic flows, smart logistics. The large and technologically developed port of Rotterdam is presented as an example of successful development of the port infrastructure. Large-scale digitalization and innovations in the work of the hydrometeorological service of the port contribute to improving the operational efficiency and safety of ships, as well as reducing polluting emissions. It is proposed to take as a basis the studied digital innovations in the port of Rotterdam for the transformation of the ports of the Russian Arctic.
Decomposing Supply and Demand Driven Inflation
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Shapiro Adam Hale
Published: September 2022

The extent to which either supply or demand factors drive inflation has important implications for economic policy. I propose a framework to decompose inflation into supply- and demand-driven components. I generate two new data series, the supply and demand-driven contributions to personal consumption expenditures (PCE) inflation, which quantify the degree to which either demand or supply is driving inflation in a current month. The series show expected time-series patterns. The demand-driven contribution tends to decline during recessions, while the supply-driven contribution tends to follow food and energy prices. Monetary policy tightening acts to reduce the demand-driven contribution of inflation. Oil-supply shocks act to increase the supply driven contribution, but decrease the demand-driven contribution of inflation. The decompositions can be used to test theory or by policymakers and practitioners to track inflation drivers in real time.
Design Optimization for Mass Sizing of LEO Communication Satellites
Authors: Fathurrohim Luqman , Poetro Ridanto Eko , Fariz Ahmad
Published: September 2022

This paper focuses on the design optimization of communication satellites for the constellation in low earth orbit (LEO). The optimization starts with defining an objective function, which is the total mass of satellites, as a function of their orbit altitude, antenna transmit diameter, and nominal data rates. The optimization routine was done in order to minimize the total mass of satellites in order to reduce the total launch mass and the total cost. The use of three different design parameters has led to a genetic algorithm (GA) as an optimization method to find the best value for each design parameter. The results show that the optimization process using a genetic algorithm is successfully applied in solving complex multidisciplinary design problems such as the design of a communication satellite system with acceptable error.
Experimental Electrical Characterisation of Thermoelectric Generator using Forced Convection Water Cooling
Authors: Abu Bakar Raihan , Singh Baljit , Remeli Muhammad Fairuz , Seng Ong Kok
Published: September 2022

Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) provides unique advantages as compared to other heat engines as it is capable to convert heat to electricity directly without having any moving parts. Furthermore, TEG is compact, simple and noiseless and requires very minimal maintenance. This paper presents an experimental and analytical study of a model consisting of a TEG located between a copper water cooling jacket and an aluminium block which acts as a heat spreader. The copper water cooling jacket was used in this study as water has higher thermal capacity than air. Besides, copper is one of highest thermal conductivity materials. TEG characterisation in term of electrical was investigated in this study. Based on the result, it shows a linear proportion relationship between open-circuit voltage and temperature difference across TEG. The result also clearly shows the power output of TEG increases as the temperature gradient across TEG increases. In addition, the impact of water flowrate on TEG power output was also studied. Based on the finding, there was an optimum water flowrate of 80 ml/s. Further increasing the water flowrate is not favourable as it will not increase power output and may lead to higher pumping power for water circulation. At this optimum water flowrate, the maximum power output obtained is equal to 530 mW when TEG hot-side temperature (Th) is 180 ℃.
Design and Development of the Front Wheel Hub for All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV)
Authors: Verma Himanshu , Kumar Sandeep , Bharj Rabinder Singh , Kumar Rajan
Published: September 2022

An all-terrain vehicle (ATV) is a single seat, open cockpit, and open wheel off-road vehicle in which the engine is located behind the driver. The present paper discusses the important aspects of designing and development of the front wheel hub of ATV. This study discusses the design of the front wheel hub while considering that it should be of light weight and high strength. This paper discusses the material selection for the hub from the two different types of material. This study includes the improvement in the design of the hub with the help of various analyses of the hub. The hub is analyzed in the various loading conditions to obtain the appropriate factor of safety with the help of a static structural module of ANSYS software.
Comparative Study on CI Engine Performance and Emissions using a Novel Antioxidant Additive
Authors: Kapilan N
Published: September 2022

The depletion of conventional energy sources and environmental pollution related to use of these energy sources make biodiesel as a renewable replacement to diesel. The biodiesel can be used as an immediate replacement to fossil diesel as its properties are comparable to diesel. The main drawback of the biodiesel is its lower oxidation stability and prone to microbial growth which degrades the properties of biodiesel during storage. However, these problems can be overcome by adding suitable additives to the biodiesel. The non-edible neem oil is one of the feedstocks used for biodiesel in India. The neem biodiesel has lower oxidation stability and hence it is necessary to add suitable additive. The eucalyptus oil has better antioxidant and microbial inhibition properties and hence it was used as an additive in this work. The effect of adding this additive on the biodiesel properties, engine emissions and performance were studied. The engine tests were conducted on a compression ignition engine at different loads with various concentration of eucalyptus oil. The engine performance indicates that the thermal efficiency of the engine with biodiesel is lower than the diesel fuel while the engine exhaust emissions like HC, CO and smoke were lower with the biodiesel. The use of eucalyptus oil as an additive to the biodiesel at full load increases the engine thermal efficiency by 3.08%. Also, it lowers the engine exhaust emissions except NOx emission.
Experimental Study on Translation Motion Characteristics of Moored Symmetrical Semi-submersible in Regular Waves
Authors: N.M. Khairuddin, , Koto Jaswar , A.R. Nur Ain, , , J. Mohd Azhari , A. Najmie,
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes to carry out experiment procedures to investigate the translation motion characteristics of symmetrical semi-submersibles in long crest regular waves. The hydrodynamic response of floating structures in waves is required to be modelled correctly to ensure stability and safety. The symmetrical semi-submersible model was constructed based on a scale ratio of 1:81 in this experiment and was installed with horizontal mooring lines in a wave dynamic basin. This paper also discusses the model preparation procedures, including the mooring lines setup, instrument setup and experiment setup, before conducting the experiment. According to the experiment data, the symmetrical moored semi-submersible experienced wave frequency motion and slow varying motion due to drift force and mooring lines for sway motion; while the heave and surge motion only experienced wave frequency motion.
Spiral Toolpath Definition and G-code Generation for Single Point Incremental Forming
Authors: Yeshiwas Zeradam , Krishniah A.
Published: September 2022

The research to date has not been able to confirm earlier findings showing the commercial availability of the tool path definition package for Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF). There has been substantial research undertaken on the tool-path definition for SPIF by using CAM package or Matlab script. However, the coordinate points from Matlab must get changed to G-code to introduce in the CNC mill. Previous studies on SPIF have not dealt with the conversion of Matlab script into G-code. In the current study, a methodology has been proposed to convert the tool path trajectories generated using Matlab script into G-code. Three different shapes i.e. the truncated cone, pyramid, and hyperbola were chosen for the definition of tool-path trajectory. The method was tested using Simco edit software and successfully working. This study fills a gap in the literature by introducing a method to convert Matlab script into G-code.
Reduction of Copper to Steel Weld Ductility for Parts in Metallurgical Equipment
Authors: Matarneh Mohammad E. , Gharaibeh Nabeel S. , Chigarev Valeriy V. , Anatoliiovych Havrysh Pavlo
Published: September 2022

Despite being challenging, the welding of the dissimilar metals copper and steel is an essential process that is required for improving quality of equipment manufacturing in the fields of metallurgy, machine construction, and chemical industry. Restricted solubility of iron in copper leads to the formation of a supersaturated solid solution of iron and other chemical elements in the weld pool. Investigations have found the possibility of enhancing the process of welding copper with steel. In the case of using a flux-cored welding wire and an improved welding technique, the number of dendritic inclusions is reduced, and the weld ductility is improved. Studying the microstructure of a copper to steel weld confirmed the ability to enhance the outcome of the welding process of the dissimilar metals. The implementation of recommended preparation techniques of parts before welding, and optimization of the welding technique will increase the strength of the welds and, increases the operational reliability of metallurgical equipment.
A Regression Analysis: Ergonomic Comfort vs. Air Quality, Noise, Lighting and Temperature in the Composite Trimming Process Working Room
Authors: Shukur A. , Hussein N.I.S , Kamat S.R. , Yuniawan D.
Published: September 2022

This study was set to identify how working environment affected workers’ comfort and to determine the maximum level of air quality, noise, lighting and temperature allowed for each working environment. Workers seemed uncomfortable with the working environment in the working room. To validate the situation, a survey was conducted in the present study on all workers who were involved in the cutting process to determine their feelings in certain setting environment conditions. Next, the environment values were obtained by using specific and certain measurement tools. All the data taken from these two conditions were analyzed using the Minitab software. The study found that most of the working environment parameters in the trimming room exceeded the maximum allowable level of ISO standards. For air quality an average of 30% RH was obtained, which was below the allowable value of 40 – 60% RH. For noise, the obtained value was about 150 dB, which exceeded the maximum level of 85 dB. For in-room lighting, the obtained value was about 200 lux; far below the ISO standard of 750 lux and finally, for temperature the obtained value was about 31.70C, which was higher than ISO standard of 260C. It can be concluded that all the working environments do not contribute to good feeling to the workers while doing their job in that room. This means that measures need to be taken to overcome the situation in order to improve the workers’ feelings and provide them with comfort while doing their job.
Free Vibration Analysis of Laminated CNTRC Plates using the pb2-Ritz Method
Authors: Hung Dang Xuan , Tu Tran Minh , Hao Tran Dai
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the free vibration analysis of laminated functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) plates. The CNTRC layer consists of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as reinforcement and polymer as a matrix. The material properties are determined according to the extended rule of mixture. Four different patterns of SWCNTs distribution across the thickness of individual layers are considered. Based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), the equations of motion are derived and then solved by employing the pb2-Ritz method. The accuracy of the present approach is verified by comparing the obtained results with those available in the literature and commercial ANSYS software. The significant influences of CNT volume fractions, CNT distribution patterns, plate aspect ratio, plate width-to-thickness ratio, and boundary conditions on the non-dimensional fundamental frequency of symmetric and anti-symmetric laminated FG-CNTR plates has been proven through the numerical examples. Furthermore, the influence of lamination schemes, CNT fiber orientation and the number of layers is also investigated.
Anthropometric Measurements of Malaysian Population for Passenger Cabin Design of Transport Aircraft
Authors: Ahmad Habibillah Nadia Hanani , Romli Fairuz Izzuddin
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the passengers’ flying comfort, the aircraft cabin features should be ergonomically developed and designed. The key element for design ergonomics is the anthropometric measurements of the target users, which are vital in ensuring a good fit between their body characteristics and the resultant product or system design. Based on this notion, this study aims to establish the database for the measurement of body dimensions of the Malaysian population that is useful in design process of most cabin features. A total of 100 volunteers have participated in this study and their body dimensions are measured using standard measurement tools during a few conducted data collection sessions. Several standard anthropometric measurements of the Malaysian population for sitting and standing body postures have been derived from the descriptive statistics of the collected measurement data. They include stature, standing eye height, standing shoulder height, standing elbow height, standing hip breadth, standing shoulder breadth, sitting shoulder height, sitting elbow height, sitting eye height, sitting buttock-popliteal length and also sitting buttock-knee length. Furthermore, based on the comparison analysis with the referenced Malaysian anthropometric database, it can be concluded that the body characteristics of the Malaysian population are changing with time and the body measurements are expected to further increase in future. This means that the design sizing of the aircraft cabin features might need to be adjusted accordingly to be able to provide a comfortable flying experience for the future Malaysian passengers.
Performance Evaluation of LowThrust Rocket Nozzles of Various Geometries
Authors: Abdul Hamid Ahmad Hussein , Salleh Zuraidah , Ahmad Termizi Ahmad Tamimi , Muhammad Mohamad Amirul , Mohammed Sapard Mohd Azan i
Published: September 2022

Issues of viscous loss in rocket nozzle become increasingly more important as the thrust chamber is reduced in size. A properly designed nozzle is critical since small geometrical differences can result in dramatically modified performance. The present study analyzes the performance of conical converging-diverging nozzle for low-thrust rocket application. A total of five nozzles with different area ratio and divergence length were numerically tested; two optimum area ratio nozzles, one underexpanding nozzle and two overexpanding nozzles. The main aim is to analyze the flow phenomena of compressible gas flows within these nozzles and its relation to the rocket performance (i.e. thrust). The axisymmetric flow problems are numerically solved using a well-validated software with the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is employed to model the effect of turbulent on the flow. The results revealed technique of eliminating flow separation and obviously, knowledge of the point of separation is essential for performance enhancement. The elimination of flow separation inside the overexpanding nozzle by means of truncating it at a point of separation increases the thrust produced by 18% for a relatively low combustion pressure. It is anticipated that the thrust enhancement would be greater for a higher nozzle pressure ratio (NPR, i.e. the ratio of combustion chamber total pressure and atmospheric static pressure). With the demonstrated performance enhancement, this work serves as a driver for further nozzle enhancement using this technique.
Purandare Hysteropexy in A 32 Years Old Woman with Stage III Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Cesarean History: Case Report
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, Marta Kadek Fajar , Megadhana I Wayan , Putra I Gede Mega , Susanto Andy
Published: September 2022

Background: In reproductive age and low-parity women, pelvic organ prolapse is an uncommon case. Although this condition isn’t harmful, giving an appropriate treatment is important while considering women needs. This case report covers about the management of Purandare hysteropexy in a 32 years old woman with stage III pelvic organ prolapse and cesarean section history. Case: Conservative surgical therapy, Purandare hysteropexy, was performed on a reproductive age woman with stage III pelvic organ prolapse who wish to conserve her uterus. Result: Purandare hysteropexy was successfully performed on the patient, and she has better quality of life and minimal complaint after surgery. Conclusion: Purandare hysteropexy is an appropriate conservative surgical therapy, comparable to mesh using surgery, for women of reproductive age with pelvic organ prolapse.
Profil dan Karakteristik Penderita Tumor Trofoblas Gestasional di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Periode 2021
Authors:   Departemen Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Univesitas Padjajaran/ RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Ramadhan Muhamad Bagja , Salima Siti , Kurniadi Andi , Winarn Gatot Nyarumenteng Adhipurnawan , Harsono Ali Budi
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Tumor trofoblas gestasional (TTG) adalah suatu bentuk keganasan ginekologi pada hidatidosa yang diakibatkan oleh adanya abnormalitas proliferasi sel trofoblas. Insidensi TTG di negara Asia Tenggara ialah 9,2:40000 kehamilan. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan TTG diantaranya ialah riwayat kehamilan, usia dan kadar b-hcg. Namun hingga saat ini profil pasien TTG masih terbatas, oleh karenanya penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis profil dan karakteristik pasien TTG di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Metode: Metode penelitian ini ialah deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari rekam medis pasien. Seluruh pasien yang didiagnosis TTG pada periode 2021 menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini. Variabel penelitian ini ialah status sosiodemografi, faktor risiko, gambaran klinis, dan gambaran terapi. Hasil: Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini ialah 66 pasien. Sebanyak 53,03% pasien berusia 20-35 tahun. Sebanyak 55 pasien datang dalam kondisi stadium I (83,33%) sedangkan berdasarkan skoring FIGO sebanyak 42 pasien (63,63%) merupakan pasien dengan risiko rendah. Metastasis paru terjadi pada 7 pasien (20,61%). Kesimpulan: Mayoritas pasien TTG berusia 20-35 tahun dan tidak bekerja. Secara gambaran klinis; stadium I dan risiko rendah sering ditemukan. Kemoterapi dominan dipilih, serta multi-agent lebih sering digunakan.
Profil Klinikopatologi Pasien Tumor Trofoblas Gestasional yang Dilakukan Operasi di RSUP DR. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Tahun 2017-2020
Authors:   Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Fahmi Ali Aviscena , Suardi Dodi , Usman Hermin Aminah , Winarno Gatot Nyarumenteng Adhipurnawan , Kurniadi Andi
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Mengetahui proporsi klinis dan histopatologi pasien tumor trofoblas gestasional yang dilakukan operasi Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi deskriptif, dengan pengambilan data menggunakan total sampling. Kriteria inklusi adalah Pasien tumor trofoblas gestasional yang dilakukan operasi dengan data lengkap. Hasil: Total 27 kasus, didapatkan bahwa pasien tumor trofoblas gestasional yang dilakukan operasi sebagian besar memiliki kategori usia ≥40 tahun (59,26%), paritas multipara (66,67%), kehamilan sebelumnya mola (66,67%), interval dengan kehamilan sebelumnya >12 bulan (55,56%), kadar β-hCG sebelum operasi 103 -<104 mIU/ml (40,74%), ukuran tumor terbesar ≥5 cm (88,89%), lokasi metastasis tidak ada (74,07%), jumlah metastasis 0 (74,07%), kegagalan kemoterapi agen multipel (74,07%), jenis operasi histerektomi (96,30%), kadar β-hCG setelah operasi <103 mIU/ml (77,78%), dan gambaran histopatologi koriokarsinoma (88,89%). Diskusi: Penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa seluruh pasien tumor trofoblas gestasional yang dilakukan operasi memiliki skor FIGO/WHO ≥7 yang berarti berisiko tinggi. Kesimpulan: Kasus-kasus tumor trofoblas gestasional yang dilakukan operasi pada penelitian ini sebagian besar memberikan profil klinis berupa multipara, jenis kehamilan sebelumnya mola, dan kegagalan kemoterapi agen multipel dengan jenis histopatologi koriokarsinoma.
Hubungan Karakteristik Maternal dan Luaran Neonatus Kasus Ketuban Pecah Dini di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung: Studi Kasus-Kontrol
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Nur Rachmayanti , Anwar Anita Deborah , Mose Johannes Cornelius
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ketuban pecah dini (KPD) dengan karakteristik ibu dan luaran neonatal di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada tahun 2019. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain case control. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh kasus persalinan pervaginam dan seksio sesarea tahun 2019 di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini diperoleh subjek sebanyak 60 wanita yang terdiri dari 30 wanita dengan KPD dan 30 wanita tanpa KPD. Subjek penelitian sebagian besar dari kelompok usia 20-35 tahun. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari usia ibu antara kelompok KPD dan kelompok kontrol (P = 0,774). Kelompok KPD memiliki proporsi wanita primipara yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (70%), dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (36,67%), dengan P = 0,010. Kelompok KPD memiliki proporsi kehamilan prematur lebih tinggi (63,33%), dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (40%), tetapi tidak signifikan (p = 0,071). Ditemukan juga bahwa kelompok KPD sebagian besar (66,67%) berpendidikan rendah (SMP sederajat atau lebih rendah) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (36,67%) dengan P = 0,007. Kesimpulan: Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa status primipara dan tingkat pendidikan yang rendah berhubungan dengan kejadian KPD. Selain itu, KPD juga dikaitkan dengan jenis kelamin bayi laki-laki, berat badan lahir rendah, dan skor APGAR yang rendah.
Perbedaan Capaian Kontrasepsi Pascasalin Jangka Panjang Sebelum dan Saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors:   Departemen Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Univesitas Padjajaran/ RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Gumay Dave Orlando , Pusianawati Dini , Bayuaji Hartanto
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan capaian kontrasepsi pascasalin jangka panjang sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19 di RSUP dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong silang menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medik subjek penelitian selama masa pengamatan yakni sebelum pandemi (1 Maret 2019–28 Februari 2020) dan saat pandemi (1 Maret 2020–28 Februari 2021). Dilakukan analisis perbedaan capaian kontrasepsi pascasalin jangka panjang sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19, serta perbedaan capaian penggunaan kontrasepsi pascasalin jangka panjang berdasarkan status infeksi COVID-19 menggunakan uji chi-square. Nilai P <0,05 dianggap bermakna secara statistik. Hasil: Selama periode pengamatan didapatkan proporsi subjek yang mendapatkan layanan kontrasepsi pascasalin pada periode pandemi lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kelompok sebelum pandemi (38,8% vs 27,7%, P<0,001). Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna sebaran penggunaan metode kontrasepsi pada kelompok saat pandemi yang terinfeksi dan tidak terinfeksi COVID-19. Kesimpulan: Capaian pemberian kontrasepsi pascasalin jangka panjang saat pandemi lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan sebelum pandemi. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna capaian kontrasepsi pascasalin jangka panjang saat pandemi pada subjek yang terinfeksi dan tidak terinfeksi COVID-19
Ekspresi Enzim 1 Alfa-Hidroksilase Plasenta yang Rendah sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Preeklamsia Berat
Authors:   1PPDS-1 Obstetri dan Ginekologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Udayana-RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, Artana Putra I Wayan , Megadhana I Wayan , Anantasika Anak Agung Ngurah , Darmayasa Made , Sastra Winata Gde
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui ekspresi enzim 1-alfa-hidroksilase (CYP27B1) pada plasenta yang rendah sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya preeklamsia (PE) berat. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus-kontrol yang tak berpasangan, dengan total sampel 44 kasus dan kontrol. Sampel berupa plasenta yang diproses secara imunohistokimia, untuk melihat ekspresi enzim berdasarkan histoscore kumulatif (H-score) sebagai ekspresi rendah (H-score <200) atau ekspresi tinggi (H-score >200). Regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk memperkirakan rasio odds yang disesuaikan (OR) dengan interval kepercayaan 95% (95% CI). Hasil: Ekspresi enzim 1alfa-hidroksilase plasenta yang rendah merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya PE berat sebesar sembilan kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan ekspresi enzim 1-alfa-hidroksilase yang tinggi pada plasenta (OR 9,148; IK05% 2,072-40,386, p=0,002). Kesimpulan: Ekspresi rendah 1alfa-hidroksilase plasenta meningkatkan risiko terjadinya PE berat.
Perbandingan Inkontinensia Urin Ibu Hamil Aterm Primigravida dan Multigravida Berdasarkan QUID (Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis) dan Faktor Risiko yang Berpengaruh
Authors:   Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia, Fiscarina Annisa Tasya , Lotisna David , Bahar Irnawaty , Chalid Maisuri Tajuddin
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis inkontinensia urin pada ibu hamil primigravida dan multigravida aterm berdasarkan kuisioner Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) dan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode case control analitik observasional untuk melihat pengaruh faktor risiko terhadap inkontinensia urin pada primigravida dan multigravida dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan metoda survei secara cross-sectional untuk melihat perbandingan inkontinensia urin pada primigravida dan multigravida Hasil: Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian inkontinensia urin adalah ibu dengan adanya riwayat inkontinensia sebelum kehamilan (p=0,003), pendidikan (p=0,032), kategori pekerjaan (p=0,012), dan umur (0,003). Dari analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah Inkontinensia sebelum kehamilan dengan Risk ratio (RR) 15,750. Tidak didapatkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara paritas primigravida dan multigravida terhadap jenis inkontinensia urin (P=0,671). Kesimpulan: Pada Primigravida faktor risiko yang mempunyai hubungan terhadap terjadinya inkontiensia urin adalah Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Taksiran berat janin. Pada Multigravida faktor risiko yang mempunyai hubungan terhadap terjadinya inkontiensia urin adalah Indeks Massa Tubuh dan riwayat inkontinensia sebelum kehamilan. Tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara paritas primigravida dan multigravida terhadap jenis inkontinensia urin.
Korelasi Asupan Vitamin C dan vitamin D dengan Kadar Timbal Ibu Hamil Preeklamsia
Authors:   Magister of Midwifery Andalas University, Riska Anggun Hatika , Yusrawati Yusrawati , Efrida Efrida
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui korelasi asupan vitamin C dan vitamin D dengan kadar timbal ibu hamil preeklampsia. Metode: Studi analitik korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu 33 orang ibu hamil preeklampsia bertempat tinggal radius ≤10 km, dan 33 orang ibu hamil preeklampsia bertempat tinggal radius >10 km dari PT. Semen Padang. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUD Rasidin, RSPTM Unand, RS. Hermina, RS. Tentara Reksodiwiryo, RS. Ibnu Sina, dan RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada bulan Mei 2021-Februari 2022. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asupan vitamin C memiliki korelasi negatif yang sangat kuat dengan kadar timbal ibu hamil preeklamsia yang bertempat tinggal radius ≤10 km dari pabrik PT. Semen Padang (r=-0,872, p=0,000), sedangkan asupan vitamin C tidak berkorelasi dengan kadar timbal ibu hamil preeklamsia yang bertempat tinggal radius >10 km dari pabrik PT. Semen Padang (r=-0,049, p=0,785). Asupan vitamin D dengan kadar timbal ibu hamil preeklamsia yang bertempat tinggal radius ≤10 km dan >10 km dari pabrik PT. Semen Padang masing-masing memiliki korelasi negatif yang kuat dan sedang (r=- 0,696, r=-512, p=0,000, p=0,002). Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi asupan vitamin C dan vitamin D dengan kadar timbal ibu hamil preeklampsia setelah dikontrol variabel cofounding (radius tempat tinggal, status merokok, dan lingkungan tempat tinggal).
Pengaruh Metode CerVio Pada Pengetahuan dan Sikap Kader PKK Tentang Deteksi Dini Kanker Leher Rahim Melalui Tes IVA di Kecamatan Baso Tahun 2022
Authors:   Universitas Padjadjaran, Maretta Nessa , Winarno Gatot N. A. , Susanto Herman
Published: September 2022

Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis pengaruh penerapan metode CerVio pada pengetahuan dan sikap kader PKK (Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) tentang deteksi dini kanker leher rahim melalui tes IVA. Metode: Penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan Pretest and Posttest Control Group yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Baso, Kabupaten Agam, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jumlah subjek penelitian 121 kader PKK (Total Sampling) dengan kriteria tertentu yang dibagi dalam kelompok intervensi (60 orang) dan kelompok kontrol (61 orang). Pengumpulan data primer menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan kuesioner sikap. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol (nilai p<0,005). Metode CerVio berperan dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan Kader PKK 2,76 kali (Risiko Relatif=2,76) dan meningkatkan sikap Kader PKK 5,21 kali (Risiko Relatif =5,21) lebih positif daripada Kader PKK yang tidak mendapat intervensi. Penelitian ini membuktikan adanya peningkatan yang lebih tinggi pada pengetahuan dan sikap Kader PKK yang mendapat metode CerVio dibandingkan dengan yang tidak. Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh metode CerVio pada pengetahuan dan sikap Kader PKK tentang deteksi dini kanker leher rahim melalui tes IVA.
Élites empresariales chilenas vs. intentos de reforma tributaria (2014-2020)
Authors: Riveros Claudio , Pelfini Alejandro
Published: September 2022

Una cuestión central en la relación entre las élites empresariales y el Estado es la tributación, y particularmente en Chile los intentos de reforma y “modernización” del régimen fiscal se han repetido en los últimos años. Sin embargo, las élites empresariales han desplegado su decisivo poder estructural e instrumental para resistir e influir en esas iniciativas, pero su resultado debe ser categorizado como una victoria pírrica. Este artículo tiene por objetivo demostrar que, en su origen, se destaca un despliegue fallido de una lógica comunicacional no transformativa, que no toma con seriedad las demandas ni la inédita complejidad del contexto y persevera en utilizar mecanismos que en otro momento pudieron haber funcionado, pero que no son los adecuados en la actualidad.
ÖZEL YETENEKLİ ÖĞRENCİLERİN ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN ARGÜMAN YAPILARI VE DÜŞÜNCE DENEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: TÜZÜN Ümmüye Nur , TÜYSÜZ Mustafa , ŞARDAĞ Metin
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı özel yetenekli öğrencilerin öğretmenlerinin düşünce deneyleri üzerinde argümantasyon sürecini deneyimlemeleri ve kendi düşünce deneylerini oluşturabilmelerini sağlayarak argüman ve düşünce deneyleri yapılarını incelemektir. Bu araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması temelinde yürütülmüştür. Ankara ilinde 2019-2020 öğretim yılında özel yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitimi alanında görev yapan 15 öğretmen çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, düşünce deneylerini argüman olarak kurgulatan öğretim dizini çalışma yaprakları ve katılımcıların özgün düşünce deneylerini yapılandırdıkları çalışma yapraklarıyla veriler toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler içerik analizi ile ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları öğretmenlerin ürettiği argümanların %61,78’i üçüncü, dördüncü ve beşinci düzeylerde bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tamamının %24.51’i ise beşinci düzey argümanlar olarak ele alınabilmektedir. Bu durum öğretmenler tarafından nitelikli argümanlar ürettiklerinin bir delili olarak gösterilebilir. Dahası, katılımcılar tarafından üretilen düşünce deneyleri bulguları ele alındığında ise bir öğretmen hariç çalışmaya katılan öğretmenlerin düşünce deneylerini başarılı bir şekilde yapılandırdıkları görülmektedir. Son olarak özel yetenekli bireylerin öğretmenlerinin düşünce deneylerini derslerine nasıl entegre edebileceğine yönelik çalışmaların yürütülmesi önerilmektedir.
OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN YÖNETİCİ ATAMA SİSTEMİNE İLİŞKİN ALGILARININ METAFORLAR YOLUYLA ANALİZİ
Authors: KASAPOĞLU TANKUTAY Hülya
Published: September 2022

Okul yöneticilerinin kariyerleri açısından önem taşıyan yönetici atama sistemine ilişkin sahip oldukları algılar, onların mesleklerine bakış açılarını, kişisel tutumlarını değiştirebileceğinden ve yaptıkları işe, işlerindeki motivasyona, uygulamalara yansıyabileceğinden büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle araştırmada, okul yöneticilerinin kariyerleri açısından önemli bir role sahip olan yönetici atama sistemine ilişkin algılarını, kişisel algıları ortaya çıkartmada, anlamada ve açıklamada güçlü bir araştırma aracı olarak kullanılan metaforlar aracılığı ile ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Trabzon ilinde görev yapmakta olan 196 okul yöneticisi oluşturmaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile yöneticilerin demografik özelliklerine ulaşılmış ayrıca her okul yöneticisinin “Yönetici atama sistemi ... gibidir; çünkü ...” cümlesini düşünceleri doğrultusunda tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, okul yöneticilerinin “Yönetici atama sistemi” kavramına yönelik algılarını ortaya koydukları metaforlara ve bu metaforların yer aldığı kavramsal kategorilere ulaşılmıştır. Nitel analiz tekniklerinin kullanıldığı araştırmada okul yöneticilerinin 150 metafor ürettikleri ve bu metaforların sürekli değişen, gücün etkisinde, amacı belirsiz, liyakatten/hakkaniyetten uzak, olması gereken, yöneticiler için enerji kaybı, zamanla gelişen başlığında 7 kategori altında toplandığı görülmüştür.
ÖĞRETMENLERİN BİLİŞİM TEKNOLOJİLERİ ÖZ YETERLİK ALGILARI İLE UZAKTAN EĞİTİME YÖNELİK TUTUMLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: GÜNEY İsmail , METE Pelin
Published: September 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin bilişim teknolojileri öz yeterlik algıları ile uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, öğretmenlerin bilişim teknolojileri öz yeterlik algıları ile uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Bu durumda, öğretmenlerin bilişim teknolojileri öz yeterlik algıları arttıkça uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarının da artacağı söylenebilir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin bilişim teknolojileri öz yeterlik algılarının, uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarının anlamlı yordayıcısı olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Buna göre, öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarında bilişim teknolojileri öz yeterlik algıları önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Diğer alt problemler açısından değerlendirildiğinde, öğretmenlerin bilişim teknolojileri öz yeterlik algıları cinsiyet, mesleki kıdem ve katıldıkları hizmet içi eğitim türü değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterirken; görev yapılan eğitim kademesi ve hizmet içi eğitime katılım durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılık göstermemektedir. Öğretmenlerin uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumlarının ise, mesleki kıdem, hizmet içi eğitime katılım durumu ve katıldıkları hizmet içi eğitim türüne göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği; görev yapılan eğitim kademesi değişkenine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermediği bulgularına ulaşılmıştır.
Protecting the Human Rights of Climate Refugees- Focusing on the Principle of Non-Refoulement
Authors:   Korean Association of International Association of Constitutional Law, KIM Sun-Hee
Published: September 2022

The global community is facing extreme weather events due to climate change and environmental degradation. There are alarming reports that the number of environmentally displaced persons will increase exponentially. However, there is no internationally agreed terminology or definition regarding people who have left their homes due to environmental reasons. There are differing opinions regarding whether these people are persecuted, and thus can be entitled to a refugee status under the 1951 Refugee Convention.
Despite the controversy, international agencies including the UN have proposed ways to protect people displaced from their homes due to environmental reasons via international refugee law and international human rights law. In particular, in 2020, the UN Human Rights Committee in Ioane Teitiota v. New Zealand case adopted the view that people must not be sent back to countries where there is a real risk of irreparable harm to their right to life upon return to their home countries, including torture, ill-treatment and other serious human rights violations, which will trigger the the obligation of non-refoulement on States. This decision is hailed as a landmark decision that opens up the road to protect people whose life is threatened due to climate change.
Although UNHRC’s decision is not binding in nature, it has indeed influenced courts in other countries including the Italian Supreme Court and Bordeaux Court of Appeals.
Climate change and environmental crisis is no longer a localized issue, and is happening simultaneously all around the world. Korea is no exception. Despite the fact that Korea is also a signatory to the Paris Agreement, 1951 Refugee Convention and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, there have been little discussion on this topic. The UN Human Rights Council has recently recognized that having a clean, healthy and sustainable environment is a human right. Against this backdrop, Korea, as a responsible member of the international community that upholds human rights must start drawing up policies to accommodate environmentally displaced persons.
Impact of posterior pericardial drain and risk factors on late pericardial effusion after coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Comentale Giuseppe , Parisi Valentina , Manzo Rachele , Conte Maddalena , Bruzzese Dario , Pilato Emanuele
Published: September 2022

Background

The blood retained in posterior pericardium can trigger an inflammatory response that increases postoperative atrial fibrillations (POAFs), and it can complicate postoperative course. We retrospectively investigated the impact of a posterior pericardial drain (PPD) in reducing late postoperative pericardial effusion (pPE) and POAFs during the first 30 postoperative days.

Methods

Two hundred and fifty coronary artery bypass grafting patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of a PPD in addition to the anterior one. Perioperative data and the incidence of POAF were compared. Risk factor analysis was used to determine the predictors of pPE and postpericardiotomy syndrome.

Results

Late pPE was present in 16% of all patients. It proved to be much more frequent in patients with a posterior drain (odds ratio 2.58; 95% confidence interval 1.23–5.79; P = 0.015) where it seemed to be almost mild and anterior. ‘Anterior Drain’ patients showed an increased rate of moderate (P < 0.001) and posterior effusions (P < 0.001). POAF was much more frequent in patients without a PPD (25.2 vs. 6.3%; P < 0.001). Univariate risk factor analysis revealed a significant association between late pPE and lower preoperative weight (P = 0.003), lower preoperative and postoperative serum albumin (P < 0.001) and a greater amount of blood transfusion (P = 0.02).

Conclusion

Even if a PPD is associated with a higher rate of pPE, the patients with only anterior drains were shown to have a greater amount of pericardial effusion and an increased risk of POAFs. Therefore, a PPD should be considered to improve postoperative course.
Lumbosacral intrathecal lidocaine provides adequate analgesia for cesarean sections in goats: 7 cases (2020–2021)
Authors: Elane George L. , Pablo Luisito , Fackler Bethany , Biedrzycki Adam H.
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of lumbosacral intrathecal administration of 2% lidocaine in goats undergoing cesarean sections (C-sections).

ANIMALS

7 client-owned goats.

PROCEDURES

Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to identify records of goats undergoing C-sections between January 2020 and November 2021 with intrathecal administration of lidocaine as the primary method of analgesia. Effect of analgesia, American Society of Anesthesiologists status, quality of surgery (determined based on lack of patient movement), mean surgical time, time to stand, and anesthetic complications were recorded.

RESULTS

Intrathecal administration of preservative-free 2% lidocaine (1 mg/kg) at the lumbosacral space with the use of a 20-gauge 3.5-inch (0.9 X 90-mm) spinal needle under aseptic technique achieved effective analgesia in sedated goats by time of skin incision. Adequacy of analgesia was complete (failure to respond to needle-prick of skin or skin incision) in 6 of the 7 goats and moderate in 1 goat. Quality of surgery was adequate in all goats. Mean surgical time was 96 ± 20 minutes, and mean time to stand was 182 ± 61 minutes from the time of intrathecal administration. Complications included ruminal tympany, hypothermia, and partial blockade in 1 goat each.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that intrathecal administration of lidocaine as described in the present report provided adequate analgesia for C-sections in goats, with minimal complications, and quicker return to hindlimb motor function postoperatively than historically reported for epidurals.
No adverse consequences associated with targeting clinical signs to initiate antimicrobial treatment of postoperative subclinical bacteriuria in dogs following surgical decompression of Hansen type I thoracolumbar disk herniation
Authors: Siu Kenneth , Rylander Helena , Obernberger Catlin A. , Pfaff Natalia , Hartmann Faye A. , Wood Michael W. , Viviano Katrina
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

To describe the prevalence of postoperative bacteriuria, clinical course of subclinical bacteriuria in the absence of antimicrobial intervention, clinical signs of bacteriuria that trigger antimicrobial treatment, and outcomes for dogs with subclinical bacteriuria following surgical decompression of acute intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) Hansen type I.

ANIMALS

Twenty client-owned dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy for acute (≤ 6 days) IVDH Hansen type I affecting the thoracolumbar spinal cord segments between August 2018 and January 2019.

PROCEDURES

In this prospective study, dogs were serially evaluated at presentation, hospital discharge, 2 weeks postoperatively, and between 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively. Dogs were monitored for clinical signs of bacteriuria, underwent laboratory monitoring (CBC, biochemical analyses, urinalysis, urine bacterial culture), and were scored for neurologic and urinary status. In the absence of clinical signs, bacteriuria was not treated with antimicrobials.

RESULTS

Four of the 18 dogs developed bacteriuria without clinical signs 4 days to 4 to 6 weeks after surgery. In all 4 dogs, bacteriuria resulted in lower urinary tract signs 13 to 26 weeks postoperatively. No dogs had evidence of systemic illness despite delaying antimicrobial treatment until clinical signs developed. New-onset incontinence was the only clinical sign in 3 dogs. All bacterial isolates had wide antimicrobial susceptibility. Bacteriuria and clinical signs resolved with beta-lactam antimicrobial treatment.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Postoperative bacteriuria occurs in some dogs with IVDH Hansen type I and, when present, may lead to clinical signs over time. Clinical signs of bacteriuria may be limited to new-onset urinary incontinence, inappropriate urination, or both. Delaying antimicrobial treatment until clinical signs of bacteriuria developed did not result in adverse consequences or systemic illness.
Best proxy to determine firm performance using financial ratios: A CHAID approach
Authors: Yousaf Muhammad , Dey Sandeep Kumar
Published: September 2022

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the best predictor of firm performance among different proxies. A sample of 287 Czech firms was taken from automobile, construction, and manufacturing sectors. Panel data of the firms was acquired from the Albertina database for the time period from 2016 to 2020. Three different proxies of firm performance, return of assets (RoA), return of equity (RoE), and return of capital employed (RoCE) were used as dependent variables. Including three proxies of firm’s performance, 16 financial ratios were measured based on the previous literature. A machine learning-based decision tree algorithm, Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID), was deployed to gauge each proxy’s efficacy and examine the best proxy of the firm performance. A partitioning rule of 70:30 was maintained, which implied that 70% of the dataset was used for training and the remaining 30% for testing. The results revealed that return on assets (RoA) was detected to be a robust proxy to predict financial performance among the targeted indicators. The results and the methodology will be useful for policy-makers, stakeholders, academics and managers to take strategic business decisions and forecast financial performance.