bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the potential of the city of Pokrovsk for the accumulation and use of atmospheric precipitation
Authors: Bohomaz Olha P. , Kostenko Viktor K. , Tavrel Maryna I. , Hlavatskykh Krystyna M.
Published: March 2024

The problem of water shortage in the city of Pokrovsk, Donetsk region, requires the search for alternative sources of water supply, especially for the needs of industry and agriculture. Atmospheric precipitation is considered as an alternative source. However, at the stage of choosing and developing a method of managing rainwater from an urbanized area and implementing technical means for its accumulation, storage, and use, it is important to assess the quantitative indicators of stormwater runoff. Research is aimed at substantiating the possibility of using atmospheric precipitation as an auxiliary source of water supply for industrial-communal, domestic, and agricultural needs based on statistical determination of the dynamics of precipitation on the territory of the city of Pokrovsk. Changes in rainwater runoff parameters were determined based on the analysis of the meteorological data archive for the period 1985–2022.The study found that the city of Pokrovsk has the potential for wastewater accumulation. The city has a tendency to increase the frequency of high-intensity storms with a 34.89% increase in the average height of the precipitation layer for one abnormal rainy day. Over the period 2004–2022, the average annual and annual rainfall per rainy day increased slightly by 0.56% and 6.23%, respectively, compared to the same period in the previous year (1985–2003), while the average number of rainy days per year decreased by 5.25%.The dynamics of annual volumes of surface wastewater indicates the need to improve the city's rainwater accumulation system, which should provide a 35% increase in the current flow rate of abnormal rainfall and eliminate the risk of flooding. To do this, the storage capacity should be increased by deepening the city pond "Nulyovka" and the ridge located downstream. It is expedient for private households to create individual sediment accumulators.
RESEARCH OF WORKING PROCESS OF SLANTING DUMP WORKING ORGAN WITH A BLADE SPHERICAL THROWER FOR THE GUIDED LATERAL PORTAGE OF SOIL
Authors: Khmara Leonid , Golubchenko Oleksandr
Published: March 2024

Raising of problem. At the production of earthmovings one of determinatives of choice of earthmovers for their implementation are geometrical sizes, form and volumes of earthen building. Among them extensive objects are widespread as embankments and washtubs for and railway highways, reclamative channels, and also earthmovings on moving away of superficial layers of black earth, reverse filing up of trenches, building of defensive objects. Also operating works on winter maintenance of highways are charac-terized by an extent. Implementation of the indicated works in most cases requires transferring of soil from backlogs in earthen building at erection of embankment, reverse filing up or vice versa at building of channels, ditches, layer cutting away of soil with his moving away. It is known that considerably the use of earth-moving-transport machines of continuous action allows to promote the productivity of implementation of earthmovings in these cases to the serial standards of that bulldozers behave from by a by a braid dump, motor-graders, грейдер-элеваторы. They are able to provide cutting away of soil and his lateral moving. However a sub-stantial lack of earth-moving-transport machines with by a braid dump is impossibility of portage of soil on considerable distance for his limits. Distance of lateral portage of soil of грейдер-элеватором is limited long conveyer. The increase of distance and height of landfilling creates the necessity of increase of overall sizes and weight of machine from lengthening of conveyer, that does a machine heavy, bulky, unturning and inef-fective. One of directions of improvement of machines for earthmovings introduction of intensifiers allowing to increase the productivity and distance of lateral portage of soil. Therefore an increase of efficiency of dump working organs due to introduction of intensifiers for the increase of distance and change of direction of lateral portage of soil is the issue of the day. The purpose of the article. Increase of efficiency of the guided lateral portage of soil by a braid dump due to the use of blade spherical thrower. Conclusion. By the results of tests in the laboratory terms of physical model of the offered construction of косоустановленного of dump working organ with a blade spherical thrower for the guided lateral portage her capacity is confirmed and physical essence of working process is set. The executed theoretical researches of working process of digging of soil allowed to get mathematical models for determination of geometrical, kinematics and power parameters of working organ and development of methodology his engineer calculation.
Who Belongs to the Middle Class? Identifying Them Using Monthly Family Income
Authors: Al Fidah Md Fuad , Efa Syeda S. , Khan Md. Abdullah Saeed
Published: March 2024

Social class is a significant factor that influences an individual’s health, education, and lifestyle, among other things. However, there is no standard income-based scale that can classify individuals into different social classes for comparability across studies. In this article, we outlined the method of using monthly family income to identify the middle class of a country and how to use it to define the lower and upper class by using a widely accepted definition of the middle class and implemented it to determine the threshold for middle class family using the monthly median income of a country. This method can be used by any country to classify the community as “lower class” (<75% of the median income), “middle class” (75-125% of the median income) and “upper class” (>125% of the median income). We also presented an example using data from Bangladesh. The results were then adjusted for inflation to provide a guideline for updating the income limits for any future year. The social class in 2023 based on the monthly household income was <12,900 BDT for lower class, 12,900 to 21,500 BDT for middle class and >21,500 BDT for upper class after inflation.  This method of social class classification can be used for grouping study participants into comparable socioeconomic categories in the context of any country and can be updated easily in the future.
Emergent Prefigurative Politics and Social Psychological Processes: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda
Authors: Clarke David , Drury John
Published: March 2024

Prefigurative politics, the enactment of desired future social relations in present social change practices, has become central in contemporary political organizing. Protest movements like the Arab Spring and recent Latin American uprisings illustrate prefiguration emerging through struggle rather than from a pre-existing political programme. This paper reports a systematic review of the empirical psychological literature on prefigurative politics. We analyse 19 studies, exploring key research questions, methodologies, and contexts to provide a critical overview of the existing research. Through a thematic analysis of social psychological processes described in the studies, we identify three focuses: processes facilitating the _emergence_ of prefigurative projects (e.g., empowerment), psychological _outcomes_ of participation (e.g., sense of community), and the role of psychological processes as prefigurative actors face practical _challenges_ (e.g., intra-group discussion). Our findings indicate that prefiguration is a socially embedded, dynamic, and agentic process where the grievances, psychological needs, and aspirations of individuals and groups within their social context shape the emergence, content, and outcomes of prefigurative politics. Building on our review, we propose a research agenda for ‘emergent prefigurative politics’, provide methodological recommendations, and highlight the promise of dynamic social identity models of collective action to address the challenges of researching prefigurative phenomena.
Knowledge of Risk Associated with Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Okudo Calistus C. , Nicholas Eno-obong Sunday
Published: March 2024

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) are a group of chemical compounds that contain mostly carbon and fluorine in their structure. They do not occur freely in nature but are produced industrially. Recent Studies have shown that PFAS exposure to the environment is persistent, bioaccumulative and poisonous to all life forms. Also, reports indicate that some of these products are being phased out in America and Europe but some of them still find their way to African markets and other parts of the world. The challenge is that a great number of people in Abuja, the study area do not know what PFAS is and the risk associated with the use of products that contain PFAS. Therefore the study is to ascertain the knowledge of PFAS in Abuja and highlight some of the risks of exposure. A self-designed questionnaire was used to obtain data using a random sampling technique. A total of 365 questionnaires were used for the study. The result revealed that 91% of the sampled population knew nothing about PFAS and its associated health risk while 9% knew PFAS and its associated health risk. This may point to the fact that PFAS exposure in Abuja may not pose only a localized risk but may progress to be a global risk. Therefore this paper recommends massive study and awareness programmes on PFAS and also appeals for the support and collaboration of industrialized nations towards programmes that will ensure sustainability.
Influencia de la formación en las perspectivas de inserción laboral del colectivo jóven
Authors: Soriano Ayala Encarnación , Zúñiga Guevar Ricardo Manuel
Published: March 2024

Este artículo aborda la problemática del colectivo joven desde un análisis reflexivo de las causas de su mayor vulnerabilidad frente a la realidad actual del mercado laboral, en comparación con otros países de nuestro entorno, que han coadyuvado a alcanzar tasas de desempleo juvenil insostenibles en España. Éstas obligan a los poderes públicos y a las distintas administraciones a tomar medidas de forma urgente, principalmente en el ámbito educativo y laboral, donde se concentra gran parte de las dificultades que afectan a esta cohorte de la población. Las principales conclusiones apuntan a la importancia de la formación como elemento clave para afrontar el arduo camino de la inserción laboral, por parte de los jóvenes, y el papel decisivo del sistema educativo. Precisamente, uno de los elementos de mayor interés es determinar qué actuaciones se pueden implementar para transformar la realidad del colectivo joven a corto, medio y largo plazo, desde el ámbito educativo.
Mexico, the Middle-Income Trap and the Structural Reforms
Authors: Pascual Gómez Samara
Published: March 2024

Este documento pretende evaluar la idoneidad de tres de las reformas estructurales recientemente establecidas en México siguiendo el enfoque de la trampa de ingresos medios. Una definición laboral y pautas específicas de evaluación conducen el análisis para brindar una evaluación integral. Siguiendo la definición laboral, México parece estar atrapado en la trampa de los ingresos medios. Los hallazgos muestran que las reformas estructurales emprendidas por el gobierno mexicano están avanzando en la dirección correcta para impulsar el crecimiento y superar la trampa. No obstante, de acuerdo con las recomendaciones delineadas a través de la literatura, el gobierno parece adoptar un enfoque modesto para abordar la trampa. Se necesita la participación proactiva del gobierno para mejorar la estructura económica y promover una fuerte colaboración entre los actores para lograr con éxito un cambio estructural.
Cambio climático y activismo ambiental: el papel de los apegos al lugar
Authors: Poma Alice
Published: March 2024

El cambio climático está poniendo a la humanidad frente a una disyuntiva: actuar para reducir la huella ecológica del ser humano en el planeta, cuestionando la relación con el medioambiente, o seguir con el mismo modelo de desarrollo, adaptándonos a las consecuencias del cambio climático. Detrás de la decisión que tomemos, no sólo habrá razones económicas y hábitos de consumo, sino también muchas emociones que influyen en las respuestas al problema. En este artículo, se analiza el papel del vínculo afectivo con los lugares como emoción que puede influir en el compromiso con el medioambiente. Con el objetivo de contribuir a la literatura que estudia el papel de los apegos al lugar en la respuesta al cambio climático, se mostrará el papel de este vínculo a nivel local y global en el compromiso con el medioambiente por parte de un colectivo que está luchando en defensa del agua, en la Ciudad de México.
Transformaciones de las memorias en niños que han experimentado un trauma por exposición al fuego
Authors: Sanchez Gonzalez Monica Elivier , García Dobarganes J. Gerardo E.
Published: March 2024

La pregunta que se trabaja en este texto es ¿cuáles son las condiciones de posibilidad que intervienen en la construcción de la memoria social de los niños? En el presente, se considera la definición de la memoria social de los niños a partir de un trauma físico que marca su cuerpo, individualidad, personalidad y subjetividades. Se toma como base la teoría de memoria de Niklas Luhmann para explorar cómo se pueden perfilar sentimientos, emociones, pensamientos y comunicaciones que distinguen las memorias de estos niños. El trabajo es una aplicación de la teoría de la memoria a partir de la construcción de marcos de referencia para intervenir en las narrativas de un especialista en el tratamiento de niños que han vivenciado esos acontecimientos. Así, planteamos montajes y desmontajes sobre las memorias de los niños que de ahí emergen y se formalizan. Las reflexiones son una propuesta que considera el soporte teórico anclado a la pregunta y la introducción de diferencias que desdoblan el problema enunciado. Finalmente, se expresa la pertinencia entre el problema y la selección teórica que de él se hace.
Pensar el espacio político. Teoría ideal, no ideal y modus vivendi
Authors: Muro Cabral Cicerón
Published: March 2024

En el presente artículo se argumenta que el concepto de modus vivendi permite pensar el espacio político de forma más comprehensiva que el planteamiento teoría ideal-no ideal. En teoría política contemporánea hay debate sobre la manera de concebir la actividad política en el mundo. Dos de las posturas que dan cuenta del espacio político son el modus vivendi y la teoría ideal-no ideal. Se analizan ambas posturas mostrando sus fortalezas y desventajas, tomando posición por el modus vivendi. El marco teórico para el análisis de la teoría ideal-no ideal es el realismo utópico de John Rawls. Para el análisis del modus vivendi es el realismo político contemporáneo. Al final se demuestra que el modus vivendi da mejor cuenta de los elementos que conforma realmente el espacio político.
¿Sacralización política o mesianismo? Los liderazgos políticos de Néstor Kirchner, Hugo Chávez, Donald Trump y Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: Pinho María Fátima
Published: March 2024

El presente análisis se enfoca al estudio de un fenómeno político basado en el surgimiento de fuertes liderazgos que ciertos autores han plantead que su consolidación se ha logrado de la mano de procesos de sacralización política, mediante la cual se les construye una imagen de personajes providenciales, cuya misión es redimir a la sociedad de la opresión y mostrar el destino histórico hacia el cual debe dirigirse, ejemplos de esto serían Donald Trump, Néstor Kirchner, Hugo Chávez, y más recientemente Jair Bolsonaro, a través de la metodología basada en la revisión de la literatura científica se analiza brevemente si efectivamente dichos liderazgos han sido objeto de sacralización política. Se encontraron evidencias de autores que sostiene  que si existe sacralización política en los liderazgos de Kirchner y Chávez, pero lo que se presenta en Trump y en Bolsonaro es una tendencia al mesianismo político que el tiempo dirá si llegan a convertirse en sacralizaciones habría que analizar si en EEUU y Brasil existe un ideario social que los eleven hacia esos aspectos religiosos. Los 4 líderes analizados tuvieron una tendencia al mesianismo pero Kirchner y Chávez fueron sacralizados.
Paul Lafargue y el derecho a la pereza. Una lectura crítica en clave marxista
Authors: Urtubey Pedro Ignacio
Published: March 2024

En el presente trabajo nuestra intención es reconstruir la propuesta que Paul Lafargue articula en el escrito El derecho a la pereza e identificar los puntos fundamentales en los que se asienta su tesis. Se propone, partiendo de conceptos fundamentales de la teoría marxista como trabajo asalariado y alienación, formular un análisis crítico de la postulación lafargueana. En efecto, lejos de cualquier idealización, afirmamos que el concepto en sí de “pereza” no puede sustraerse de la regimentación de la vida y del tiempo consustancial a la modernidad capitalista. Finalmente, el trabajo se afirma en una metodología de corte cualitativo, estructurado en una lectura interpretativa del texto de Paul Lafargue.
Minería de datos aplicada al análisis de los discursos presidenciales de México
Authors: Barahona Torres Jesús Igor Heberto , Vidal Urrutia Jorge Alberto , Tobón Ramírez María De Jesús Ofelia , Hernández Armas Héctor Jesús
Published: March 2024

El informe presidencial es el medio oficial obligatorio del Poder Ejecutivo para
reportar a la Nación los resultados obtenidos durante su gestión anual. Es una
figura jurídica que tiene su fundamento legal en la Constitución Política, la Ley
Orgánica y el Reglamento del Congreso de la Unión. La manera de informar ha
cambiado en los últimos 33 años, pero no es tan clara la manera en que ha
cambiado, tanto en el uso de las palabras como el estilo discursivo. Al
experimentar una transición democrática, se espera que el discurso cambie y se
adecue al nuevo contexto democrático. Por ejemplo, se esperaría que el discurso
empleado por Miguel de la Madrid en su primer informe fuera diferente al utilizado por Vicente Fox puesto que el segundo representa la figura del presidente que transitó del régimen autoritario al democrático. De lo anterior surgen las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cómo diferenciar el discurso autoritario del democrático? ¿Cómo se ha construido la democracia a través del discurso presidencial? ¿Cómo caracterizar el estilo discursivo de un presidente respecto a otro en regímenes distintos?
Para responder a lo anterior, en este trabajo analizamos los primeros informes de los últimos seis presidentes mexicanos, los cuales cubren un periodo de 33 años. Primero realizamos un análisis descriptivo para calcular las frecuencias de las palabras más utilizadas. Posteriormente, un análisis de correspondencias aplicado a tablas léxicas nos permite identificar semejanzas y diferencias en el discurso de los presidentes, así como su evolución y la transición de regímenes políticos diferentes (autoritarismo y democracia). Por último, sobre la base de bloques de 300 palabras se calculan los porcentajes de términos únicos, los cuales son proyectados horizontalmente.
Ciber-Gramsci: Trabajo, Política y Lucha de Clases en el Capitalismo Digital
Authors: Alarcòn Medina Rafael
Published: March 2024

Contrario a las lecturas posmarxistas del Fragmento sobre las Máquinas de Marx, en este trabajo sostengo que el Intelecto General (General Intellect) no es una fuerza revolucionaria, sino que constituye la autoconciencia del capital como forma ideológica, creando la apariencia de su autovalorización a través del sistema tecnológico. En lugar de un supuesto agotamiento de la teoría del valor-trabajo promulgado por lo que llamo perspectivas Ciber-Marxistas, aquí propongo –con base en el pensamiento de Antonio Gramsci, Biaggio de Giovanni y Alfred Sohn-Rethel- la pertinencia de un enfoque Ciber-Gramsciano en el cual la digitalización contribuye a la transformación de la forma estatal por medio de su dilución en la vida cotidiana, produciendo una síntesis social emergente mediante la cual ocurre la lógica capitalista de separación-ocultamiento. En este marco, el Intelecto General debe entenderse como una estructura ideológica dentro de lo que Gramsci llamó el Estado Integral del Capital, cuya comprensión crítica debe situarse en el terreno del estudio de la hegemonía, y no en la dimensión de las transformaciones del proceso de valorización.
Debates en torno a la profesionalización en el teatro independiente de Buenos Aires: el caso del IFT
Authors: Ansaldo Paula
Published: March 2024

El teatro independiente surgió en Buenos Aires en 1930 a partir de la fundación del Teatro del Pueblo. Dos años después de la creación de este grupo, se constituyó el IFT (Idisher Folks Teater-Teatro Popular Judío), la primera expresión del teatro independiente en el campo teatral judío. Entre las décadas del 40 y el 60, el IFT experimentó un gran crecimiento institucional que le permitió encarar el proyecto de profesionalizar al elenco mediante un sueldo estable. El reclamo de profesionalización no se produjo únicamente en el IFT, sino que respondió a una serie de cambios que por ese entonces estaban sucediendo en todos los teatros independientes del período, donde los principios fundantes del Movimiento en sus primeros tiempos empezaban ya a ser cuestionados. En este trabajo abordaremos entonces la manera particular en la que este debate se desarrolló en el seno del Teatro IFT. Para indagar en esta problemática nos serviremos tanto del material de archivo perteneciente al Teatro, como de los testimonios de quienes fueron integrantes de la institución durante estos años. De esta manera, a partir del estudio del caso del Teatro IFT, buscaremos dar cuenta de los debates por la profesionalización en el teatro independiente argentino e indagar en las consecuencias que este conflicto tuvo para la continuidad de esta compañía teatral.
Estigmas, etiquetamientos, menosprecios: las reclasificaciones degradantes desde Goffman, Becker y Honneth
Authors: Bialakowsky Alejandro , Sasín Mariano , Nougués Tomás , Zapico Manuel , Barrero Julieta , Ichaso Elisa , Bertelli Agustín
Published: March 2024

Este artículo propone una comparación teórica entre las perspectivas de Goffman, Becker y Honneth a partir del problema de las reclasificaciones sociales. Así, se focaliza en una preocupación compartida por estos autores: las reclasificaciones “degradantes”. Éstas implican modos de catalogar de manera negativa y lacerante a los individuos y grupos, con la imposición de “estigmas” (Goffman), el “etiquetamiento” de “desviados” (Becker) y el “menosprecio”, la “reificación” o la “ausencia o pérdida del reconocimiento” de individuos y grupos (Honneth). De esta manera, este trabajo da cuenta de sus propuestas destacando aquellas afinidades que comparten y que ubican a Goffman y a Becker como antecedentes ineludibles de la teoría de Honneth. Se sostiene que estas afinidades respecto de los procesos reclasificatorios y de las identidades degradantes se conectan tanto con su carácter experiencial, que involucra la afectividad y la corporalidad, como con la importancia de lo público, espacio decisivo para el despliegue de esos procesos e identidades. Además, se resalta cierto enfoque de Goffman y Becker a partir del cual es posible realizar un aporte enriquecedor a la propuesta de Honneth. Se trata de la constante negociación desplegada en los procesos reclasificatorios degradantes, en especial, en las relaciones entre el individuo y el “grupo degradado”, las cuales pueden implicar fuertes tensiones e, incluso, desgarramientos.
EL PROGRESISMO EN MÉXICO: ENTRE EL NEO-EXTRACTIVISMO Y LAS REIVINDICACIONES INDÍGENAS
Authors: Silva Loyola Daniel , Moreno Velador Octavio Humberto
Published: March 2024

En este se sostiene que el gobierno del presidente Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) en México, es una expresión de los llamados gobiernos progresistas que se han presentado en América Latina durante los últimos 25 años. Por lo tanto, el objetivo es mostrar las coincidencias existentes entre la experiencia progresista latinoamericana y el gobierno del presidente Obrador. El estudio comparativo es la metodología elegida para desarrollo teórico del texto. De esta manera, se concluye que en la administración del presidente Obrador es posible observar tanto en su discurso, como en sus proyectos y programas, una serie de elementos que hacen posible ubicarlo en el espectro político-ideológico del progresismo, sin embargo, el proyecto de desarrollo nacional progresista de AMLO mantiene estrategias neo-extractivistas que afectan directamente a la población y al medio ambiente, fenómeno inserto la dinámica capitalista.
El papel de la mujer en el emprendedurismo social: El caso de Nektsitsin-Tekitinij.
Authors: Juárez Fonseca Verónica , Perez Paredes Alfredo , García Vázquez Jorge Manuel
Published: March 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo, analizar la actividad económica del colectivo Nektsitsin Tekitinij (abejitas trabajadoras), a partir de las experiencias de comercialización de sus productos, así como identificar áreas de oportunidad encaminadas al tema del emprendedurismo. A decir de la metodología, ésta presenta un enfoque de corte cualitativo. Como sujetos del estudio, se consideraron a cinco mujeres indígenas dedicadas a la venta de productos medicinales elaborados a base de miel y plantas, así como del bordado. En cuanto al método de investigación, se utilizó el estudio de casos; la técnica que se aplicó fue la entrevista semiestructurada y a profundidad. Por lo que respecta a la dimensión espacial, ésta ocurrió en el municipio de Cuetzalan del Progreso, ubicado en la sierra nororiental del estado de Puebla. Como limitaciones del estudio, se estima que el instrumento aplicado presenta rubros en su mayoría con enfoque financiero desconocidos en su mayoría por sus integrantes, por lo que es un tema único del que no se ha investigado actualmente. Los hallazgos dan cuenta que, el colectivo utiliza los recursos naturales como fuente de actividad económica socialmente responsable. Con respecto a sus procesos de gestión de ventas y difusión de sus productos aún son insuficientes, este problema se acrecentó a partir de la pandemia provocada por el covid-19. Se puede concluir que el colectivo requiere de estrategias encaminadas a una eficiente gestión de control interno, así como de la alfabetización financiera con impacto socialmente responsable. En suma, soluciones impostergables que propicien beneficios colaterales.

Palabras clave:

Colectivo          Emprendedurismo         Género         Actividad económica

Economía social
Juicios sobre servidumbre legal de hidrocarburos en México. Un enfoque empírico
Authors: Hernández López Carlos Enrique , Díaz Domínguez Alejandro
Published: March 2024

Se analiza la duración de juicios en materia de servidumbre legal para conocer qué factores se asocian con el tiempo de resolución. Se realiza un análisis de la doctrina jurídica a raíz de la reforma energética 2013-2014 y un análisis econométrico con regresiones de conteo. Se encuentra que la lejanía con la reforma, un mayor número de asuntos ingresados y si la parte quejosa es una empresa reducen el tiempo de resolución, mientras que una mayor carga en los asuntos por resolver, la especialización en materia agraria y entrar al estudio de fondo aumentan el número de días en resolver los casos. Si bien el universo de amparos resulta limitado a la primera fase de la servidumbre, además de concentrarse en cuatro entidades federativas, destaca el empleo de datos originales sobre un tema que no parece haber sido estudiado empíricamente. Se concluye que el poder judicial parece haber sistematizado las nuevas implicaciones de la reforma energética conforme ha transcurrido el tiempo.
Evaluation of the bonus fishery created by the low-density stocking of Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) in Bull Shoals Lake
Authors:   , Boehm Hadley
Published: March 2024

Bull Shoals Lake is a large impoundment of the White River system in Missouri- Arkansas. Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis; STB) have been experimentally stocked into Bull Shoals since 2013 to create a low-density trophy fishery. We addressed information needs identified by fishery managers at the Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC) to guide future STB management in Bull Shoals. Our goals were: 1) define population dynamics and distribution of the stocked Striped Bass population, and 2) identify potential competition with and predation on, if any, other sport fish populations in Bull Shoals. We used acoustic telemetry, stable isotope analysis, and evaluation of otoliths to address these objectives. Our results demonstrate the STB population in Bull Shoals has both rapid growth rate and high asymptotic average length compared to other inland reservoir populations. We found survival of juvenile and adult STB to be consistent across years and seasons and similar to other landlocked populations. We identified differences in dispersal rate for juveniles within the first six months of stocking, depending on stocking site, but all juveniles showed potential do disperse throughout the lake within nine to twelve months of stocking. We determined that oxythermal habitat is somewhat compressed during summer and early fall, but that habitat refugia appropriate for STB exist throughout the lake during warm months. We found that adult STB regularly occupy deep open water areas of the lake year-round, and they can seek out and occupy oxythermal habitat refugia during warm summer months. We identified potential for competition to occur among Striped Bass, White Bass, and Walleye, but we did not identify evidence of persistent predation on other sport fish species by Striped Bass. Our results suggest that a trophy Striped Bass population may be developed in Bull Shoals Lake under the appropriate stocking rate and harvest regulations.
Essays in applied microeconomics
Authors:   , Chikhladze Tabitha Marie
Published: March 2024

The following three essays demonstrate the toolkit necessary for conducting applied microeconomic research. In Chapter 1, I analyze the socioeconomic and agency-specific determinants that may lead to disparities in traffic stops among Black and White drivers in Missouri. A 2017 travel advisory instituted by the NAACP reignited concerns surrounding dis- criminatory behavior among Missouri police. Existing literature on traffic stops uses incident-level data to conduct natural experiments such as the "Veil of Darkness" or hit-rate tests to analyze the presence of racial profiling. However, in the case of Missouri incident-level data is unavailable rendering these tests infeasible. Despite these data limitations, I can implement the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition to identify if a disparity exists between Black and White drivers and if these disparities are driven by differences in the endowments of the jurisdiction's population. I find that disparities in the total stop rate and resident stop rate are better explained by differences in the socioeconomic statuses of Black and White drivers. Whereas more discretionary practices such as searches and arrests are not well explained by these same differences. Confronting the same data limitations as in Chapter 1, I propose two new indi- cators for identifying racial profiling in statewide reports like Missouri's in Chapter 2. Current Missouri Vehicle Stops Reports make use of a disparity index to help in identifying whether a police agency needs further investigation for racial profiling. However, this disparity index can be difficult to interpret and emphasizes differences in population as the driving factor of disparity in traffic stops. Applying these measures to Missouri vehicle stops data from 2019, I show how these new measures may be applied in a Vehicle Stops Report. In Chapter 3 I revisit previous research by Campante and Do (2014) which examines the relationship between isolated state capitals and corruption. I begin my analysis by evaluating the reproducibility of their initial results. Ultimately, I find their results are not reproducible and contain errors. I also address concerns about the validity and reliability of their main findings and use different measures of government to challenge the robustness of their results.
Let it breathe : social media musicking practices among Black women coping with mental health struggles during transboundary crisis
Authors:   , Jones Tiffany Shenell
Published: March 2024

Wrought with one crisis after another -- the COVID-19 pandemic, worldwide civil unrest in response to police murders of Black people in the U.S., and a highly volatile election season, the year 2020 arose to the level of what Boin (2019) calls a transboundary crisis -- an event that exceeds "geographical, policy, cultural, public- private, and legal boundaries." This crisis brought with it signs and symptoms of mental health challenges like anxiety and depression for millions of people across the globe who were forced into shelter-in-place orders to keep them safe, but also kept them isolated and longing for interaction with other people outside their homes. In early March, performers and entertainers deployed their talents in a myriad of Cathartic Social Media Experiences (CSMEs), creating brief pockets of joy for themselves and others. In the U.S., this transboundary had the greatest effect on Black people -- especially women -- as they accounted for the most deaths and complications from COVID-19, bore the burden of being essential employees, educating their children in addition to being one of the most untreated group of people for depression (Nelson, et al.) and being more susceptible to anxiety disorders (Williams, Kanter, & Ching, 2018; Williams, Beckmann-Mendez, & Turkheimer, 2013). Using grounded theory analysis of data obtained via twenty-six in-depth interviews, autoethnography, and analysis of the candidates own social media channels, this cultural study will examine the ways in which Black women, aged 35-45, utilized online musicking practices to cope with symptoms of anxiety and depression during the transboundary crisis of 2020. The findings from this research utilizes the respondents own narratives to describe the state of their mental health prior to and during the transboundary crisis as well as their experiences while participating in CSMEs and offer practical recommendations for use of CSMEs to leverage the tools and strategies that resonate with Black women to maximize the impact of mental health-center communication across new media platforms post transboundary crisis.
Self-deception and epistemic blame
Authors:   , Rabii Zeinab
Published: March 2024

This dissertation consists of three papers, and each of the papers has a main question: a) how do we reconcile the knowledge thesis (namely, a view which says that it is impossible for an agent to act intentionally without knowing what she is doing) with self-deception? b) Do self-deceivers really believe a justified unpleasant proposition that not-P, while only accepting a pleasant unjustified proposition that P without believing it? c) What is the best account of epistemic blame? In the first chapter of my dissertation, I explain and then criticize Eric Marcus' (2019) solution for the reconciliation between the knowledge thesis and self-deception. Then, I offer an account of a self-deceiver's knowledge which shows how self-deception is compatible with the knowledge thesis. In the second chapter of my dissertation, I lay out different views of the belief- acceptance distinction and show that the views at issue cannot properly solve the static puzzle of self-deception (namely, a puzzle according to which a self-deceiver holds two contradictory beliefs simultaneously), in spite of Erik Funkhouser's (2019) claim that the belief-acceptance distinction is the best strategy to solve the puzzle. And the final chapter of my dissertation belongs to epistemic blame. In this chapter, after explaining four different theories of epistemic blame (namely, the relationship-based view, the agency-cultivation account, the desire-based view, and the emotion-based theory), I pick out the emotion-based theory of epistemic blame as the only theory potential to be revised. After revising the theory, I show why this theory has better explanatory power than the other theories of epistemic blame.
New deep learning methods for small to medium object detection in images
Authors:   , Tang Zhicheng
Published: March 2024

The growing application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for remote sensing has prompted the need for advanced techniques to process the vast amounts of aerial imagery they collect. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as a potent tool for distilling complex information from these images, especially in models designed for object detection. However, the detection of small to medium-sized objects in aerial photos presents distinct challenges that have not been the primary focus of many existing models. In our research, we introduce novel deep learning methods tailored for the detection of small to medium objects. We have developed DDR-Net and introduced Size-Sensitive Non-Maximum Suppression (SS-NMS), enhancing the accuracy of object detection in aerial imagery. Our methods have been benchmarked against publicly available work to affirm their effectiveness and superior performance. Furthering our contributions, we have crafted a classification model for waterfowl identification and a Multi-View ResNet classifier (MTV-Res) that refines detection outcomes. We have employed U-Net for image segmentation and introduced a variant, Semi-U-Net, which has demonstrated promising results in preliminary trials. We also unveil the Integrated Drone and Machine Learning System (IDMS) for wildlife population surveys, a novel system that modernizes traditional human- conducted aerial data collection, providing a safer and more economical alternative. The design and deployment of our system encompass an automated data gathering pipeline using UAVs, the generation of a drone-based dataset, and the incorporation of machine learning into the waterfowl survey process. Moreover, we detail a method for tree detection and classification using multi- spectral images, tapping into the wealth of information contained within multi-spectral bands to heighten the precision of identifying various tree species. Looking ahead, we aim to enhance our pipeline by integrating segmentation models directly within the detection process and investigating the generation of synthetic data through segmentation masks. We also exploring the possibility of involving chatgpt agent into our IDMS system providing more comprehensive report for users.
The Trickster astride : the lingering nature of African orature
Authors:   , Chiteri Lawrence Akoth
Published: March 2024

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2024] This dissertation is based on two pieces of my artistic work namely, auto ethnography based personal narrative under the title, The Trickster's Journey back and a play under the title, Recreations. Relying on my orientation in African orature (oral traditions) and understanding of modern playwriting, I want this dissertation to cut across two distinct worlds of performance in my community -the traditional versus modern. These two worlds find confluence in the Kenya schools and colleges national drama festival that this dissertation undertakes to discuss. The impetus of this dichotomy is derived from my interaction with the unfolding historical antecedents in Kenya before, during and after independence. The two pieces of work mentioned above have been crafted to illustrate the power, craft and impact of stories and storytelling (orature). In so doing, my dissertation will though orature (oral traditions) and the written play, explore the elemental features that characterize oral performance and the modern play, using auto ethnography as both the process and product of my research. In the context of oral traditions in my community, the story of an individual is basically a reflection of a communal whole and thus collectivizing a community in my mindset exhibits how one person can attest to the fact that the human body is the space as well as the vehicle for artistic expression. How the story of a community is reflected in the life of an individual is the thrust of my indulgence in this dissertation. This research also focuses on highlighting traditional African story/tale as enshrined in orature (oral traditions). In a nutshell this research is to appreciate the lingering nature of the story as it navigates several levels of inhibitions through time.
Signals, cues, and information use in foraging decisions of herbivorous insects and a leaf-folding plant
Authors:   , Michael Sabrina
Published: March 2024

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2024] Group living organisms rely heavily on cues and signals from other group members to make decisions. I studied how foraging decisions are influenced by communication in two species of plant-feeding insects that differ in ecology and life history. I also studied the cues produced when leaves of sensitive plants temporarily stop foraging for light. In treehoppers, I hypothesized that recruitment signals would guide the choice of feeding sites by group-living immatures. Both species engage in a food-for- protection mutualism with honeydew harvesting ants, and I found that ant bodyguards are more likely to be present when individuals are feeding in larger groups. I first characterized the context in which nymphs produced plant-borne vibrational signals, then experimentally tested the influence of those signals on the foraging decisions of other nymphs. I found that communication underlies cooperative foraging in both species but using different signals and signaling dynamics. In one species, searchers initiate back- and-forth exchanges with individuals already at a feeding site, while in the other, settled individuals produce series of collective signals that act as a beacon. In sensitive plants, I found that leaf-folding produces distinctive vibrational cues, which have the potential to influence the light-foraging decisions of neighboring leaves and the movement decisions of other organisms on the plant. The discovery of vibrational signals that underlie cooperative foraging in treehoppers, and of incidental vibrational cues that accompany leaf-folding in sensitive plants, sheds light on an overlooked aspect of information exchange among organisms.
Examining positive schizotypy's relationship with openness facets, maladaptive openness, and other maladaptive traits
Authors:   , Straub Kelsey Taelor
Published: March 2024

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 12/1/2024] Positive schizotypy is a trait reflecting increased risk for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and includes symptoms such as magical beliefs and unusual perceptual experiences. The normative personality trait of openness to experience (OE) is associated with increased genetic risk for schizophrenia, and popular models of personality hypothesize that positive schizotypy should be related to increased OE. However, much previous research has failed to identify large associations between positive schizotypy and OE. The current research will examine whether associations between positive schizotypy and OE might be higher (a) depending on the aspect of positive schizotypy being examined, (b) for specific facets of OE (e.g., creative imagination), and (c) when using measures that more effectively assess the maladaptively high range of OE (e.g., Experiential Permeability Index). Additionally, I will use Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis and exploratory item-level factor analysis to test if any aspects of positive schizotypy measures the same latent construct as any facets of OE or if positive schizotypy can be considered to constitute a distinct facet of OE. For scales found to measure the same latent construct, I will examine which scale was more informative at higher levels of this trait.
CURRENT STATUS OF METATRANSCRIPTOMIC AND RELATED STUDIES IN HEMATOPHAGOUS DISEASE-TRANSMITTING VECTORS
Authors: McCarthy Christina B.
Published: March 2024

The incidence of numerous vector-borne diseases (VBDs) has recently increased alarmingly due to various widespread factors, including unplanned urbanization, greater human mobility, environmental changes, vector resistance to insecticides, and evolving pathogens. In this context, the World Health Organization (WHO) has repositioned effective and sustainable vector control as a key approach to prevent and eliminate VBDs. It has been shown that the microbiome influences development, nutrition, and pathogen defense in disease-transmitting vectors such as mosquitoes, sandflies, tsetse flies, triatomine bugs, and ticks. Consequently, understanding the endogenous regulation of vector biology can aid in developing effective approaches for vector control. In this respect, a metatranscriptomic approach analyzes all the expressed RNAs in an environmental sample (meta-RNAs) and can thus reveal how the metabolic activities of the microbiome influence vector biology. This review includes an extensive analysis of available literature on microbial and viral studies for some of the major hematophagous disease-transmitting arthropods, with a focus on studies that used next generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. Since a consensus terminology for these “meta-sequencing analyses” has not yet been established, a definition of these terms is presented here to provide the framework for systematically sorting the available information for each of the VBDs analyzed here to single out metatranscriptomic analyses. Finally, key gaps in knowledge were identified for some of these hematophagous disease-transmitting arthropods which will prove very useful for driving future studies.
The Relationship Of The Anterior Dental Malocclusion With The Incidence Of Gingivitis In Students Of Medical Faculty in Surabaya
Authors: Therinda Nike Ade , Parmasari Wahyuni Dyah
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums, which is the initial stage of gum and periodontal tissue disease, characterized by red gingival tissue, bleeding easily, bad breath (halitosis), and the presence of debris on the teeth and cervical area. Misaligned tooth is said to be one of the predisposing factors for gingivitis. Purpose: To determine the relationship between the arrangement of the anterior mandibular teeth with the incidence of gingivitis in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya. Methods: This study used a purposive sampling method with a total population of 125 subjects. From this population, 56 people were taken who experienced anterior crowding with gingivitis. The degree of malocclusion, i.e. anterior crowding, was examined clinically and was associated with gingivitis. The data obtained were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results: There is a significant relationship between the anterior mandibular malocclusion and the incidence of gingivitis (p< 0,05). Conclusion: Anterior tooth arrangement affects the incidence of gingivitis among medical faculty students in Surabaya.
Adjunctive Treatment of Low Level Laser Therapy in Medication related Osteonecrosis of The Jaws
Authors: Daniella Revina
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is the direct application of light to stimulate responses to promote tissue healing, reduce inflammation and pain relief. It is called photobiomodulation due to anti-inflammatory properties and encourage mucosal repair. Medication related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) represents an adverse drug reaction, consisting of progressive bone destruction in the mandible or maxilla. The treatment modality of this condition is still challenging. Methods: PubMED and Scopus were searched for published articles that have relevance to medication related osteonecrosis of the jaws and low level laser therapy. In vitro and animal studies were excluded. Eleven articles published between 2014 and 2022 were included in this review. Results: LLLT used as adjunctive therapy for MRONJ produced the improvement of pain, swelling, infection control, faster healing, repair of mucosa, bone regeneration, and prevent patient’s MRONJ stage evolution. Conclusion: The low level laser therapy used as adjunctive treatment in osteonecrosis may be considered as efficient promising option to treat MRONJ in stage II and III.