bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aportes de algunos sujetos políticos contrahegemónicos a la construcción de la verdad sobre el conflicto armado en el departamento de Risaralda
Authors: Díaz Gómez Álvaro , Murillo Julio César , Martínez Herrera Juan Manuel , Martínez Herrera Juan Manuel , Marulanda Gómez Luisa
Published: April 2023

Sobre el presente texto, dice uno de los pares académicos que lo evalúo “El conjunto de textos muestra una adecuada fundamentación teórica respecto del tema tratado, hacen un tratamiento metodológico consecuente a los objetivos definidos para cada capítulo, los cuales no solo aportan a la academia con el esclarecimiento de la temática, también por el potencial didáctico y pedagógico de las líneas de análisis para facilitar la apropiación social del conocimiento de parte del público no especializado; el conjunto de capítulos participa de un carácter reflexivo personal del autor sin menoscabo de la unidad de análisis y el carácter grupal de la producción. En general la producción exhibe pertinencia y calidad en el manejo de las fuentes y de la bibliografía empleadas. En perspectiva general considero que la obra se inscribe en una linea de investigación multiperspectivista e interdisciplinaria, pero siempre sociohumanista que genera nuevos aportes al entendimiento de cómo no solo es preciso contar la historia, sino entender cómo han podido pasar las acciones que la constituyen y cómo ha impactado a las víctimas y a los sobrevivientes de la experiencia de ciertos acontecimientos delicados por el contexto de guerra y confrontacion armada en que se contaron o no las verdades que ahora se develan. Hechos que, de muchas maneras se replican en otras geografías nacionales y configuran la historia reciente del Estado colombiano. Sin embargo, más que ofrecer explicaciones arbitrarias, invita, desde sus distintas disciplinas y metodológicas, a la reflexión revisionista, en algunos casos, por medio del debate de las determinantes epistemológicas y metodológicas de las ciencias sociales y humanas, la cultura, en otros tantos, y a través de posturas críticas, en todos los anteriores, procurando nuevas perspectivas de la construcción social de la verdad histórica y política, así como de su papel en las dinámicas de poder y estabilidad social. Los planteamientos se atienen no solo a las impresiones de los entrevistados y de los investigadores, sino desde la aplicación objetiva de la metodología de recabo y análisis de datos. EL libro revela otras lecturas y miradas, objetos y sujetos de investigación y otras formas prácticas de estudiarlos. En esa medida esta obra se puede configurar, en un recurso pedagógico para mostrar otras lógicas del saber y de comunicar y de llevar a públicos amplios el trabajos académicos y científico”.
HPAIV outbreak triggers long-distance movements in breeding Northern gannets -- implications for disease spread
Authors: Jeglinski Jana , Lane Jude , Votier Stephen , Furness Robert , Hamer Keith , McCafferty Dominic , Nager Ruedi , Sheddan Maggie , Wanless Sarah , Matthiopoulos Jason
Published: April 2023

Animal movement is a fundamental driver of disease spread. We show that
an outbreak of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) is coincident
with unprecedented behavioural changes in GPS tracked Northern gannets.
Previously characterised by strong fidelity to their nest sites and
foraging areas (2015 – 2019; n = 120), breeding gannets tracked before,
during and after the 2022 outbreak showed half of ten birds stopped
transmitting and most likely died, while the survivors instigated
unusual long-distance movements. Two adults visited one - three other
gannetries – the first such incidence of prospecting in this age class.
Our findings suggest the HPAIV outbreak triggered changes in space use
patterns of possibly infected individuals that amplified the
epidemiological connectivity among colonies and may generate
super-spreader events that accelerate disease transmission across the
metapopulation. Such self-propagating transmission from and towards high
density animal aggregations may explain the rapid pan-European spread of
HPAIV in the gannet.
Minocycline-induced diplopia in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL): A case report.
Authors: Khattak Zeeshan , Mir Muhammad , Ghani Danyal , Gul Nishad
Published: April 2023

Abstract Background: Minocycline is frequently utilized for multiple
drug- and extensively drug- resistant bacteria (XDR), but is associated
with many side effects. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is one such
effect resulting from the precipitation of raised intracranial pressure
(ICP), manifesting as headaches, diplopia or even vision loss. The aim
of this study is to present a case of Philadelphia chromosome positive
acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) with XDR Escherichia. coli (E.
coli) treated with minocycline. This resulted in elevated ICP with
associated symptoms which were initially thought to be due to central
nervous system (CNS) involvement by primary disease. Case presentation:
A 14-year-old girl was given minocycline therapy for XDR E. coli, which
was cultured from her blood, for two weeks. Patient develop complaints
of nausea, vomiting, headache blurring and doubling of vision one week
into therapy. Lumbar puncture and brain imaging were performed to rule
out CNS involvement with Ph+ ALL, which were reported as negative for
malignancy. Minocycline was suspected to have precipitated the event and
was discontinued. The patient recovered within one week after cessation
of therapy. Conclusion: Minocycline can be associated with symptomatic
elevation of intracranial pressure, which can easily be mistaken for CNS
involvement in patients with neoplastic disease, and can reverse upon
discontinuation of the drug.
Lithium-Sulphur Batteries -- Their Equivalent Circuit Model and how Electrochemical Conductivity impacts Resistivity and Capacity Fading
Authors: Khan Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to investigate the
Lithium Sulfur battery’s electrochemical dynamics. An equivalent circuit
model was created using temperature and discharge depth data from EIS
spectra. The mechanism of LiS batteries’ capacity depletion was then
studied by tracking the change in impedance during cycling. According to
the findings, the charge-transfer mechanism is responsible for the EIS
spectrum’s semicircle at intermediate frequencies, whereas the
high-frequency semicircle is linked to the interfacial electrical
resistance. Additionally, the key significant contributor to the
capacity fading of LiS batteries is the charge-transfer impedance,
whereas electrolyte resistance and interphase contact resistance also
fluctuate with cycle number, albeit in different ways.
Genomic analysis of the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and the cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) uncover polygenic signatures of reinforcement speciation
Authors: Bailey Nick , Ruiz Cody , Tosi Anthony , Stevison Laurie
Published: April 2023

Speciation can be caused by divergent adaptation in allopatry as a
result of ecological or reproductive character displacement in sympatry
or parapatry. The latter can result as a means of preventing
hybridization, a process known as reinforcement speciation. Though this
has been described in a variety of taxonomic systems though the
prevalence throughout nature is still unknown. In this study, we use
whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of two primate species that have
experienced introgression in their history, the rhesus (Macaca mulatta)
and cynomolgus (M. fascicularis) macaques, to identify genes exhibiting
a pattern of reproductive character displacement consistent with
reinforcement speciation. Using windowed scans of various population
genetic statistics to identify reproductive character displacement, we
find candidate genes associated with a variety of functions, including
an overrepresentation of multiple neurological functions and some genes
involved in sexual development and gametogenesis. This suggests a
variety of genes acting at multiple stages of a reinforcement process
between these species. We also find signatures of introgression of the
Y-chromosome that confirm previous studies suggesting male-driven
introgression of M. mulatta into M. fascicularis populations. This study
is among the first to utilize whole-genome sequencing to analyze the
phenomenon of reinforcement and among the first to find evidence of this
phenomenon in primates, particularly ones that have medical relevance.
A unified evolutionary framework for understanding parasite infection and host migratory behavior
Authors: Shaw Allison , Levet Marie , Binning Sandra
Published: April 2023

Animal migration impacts organismal health and disease transmission:
migrants are simultaneously exposed to parasites and able to reduce
infection at the population and individual levels. However, these
dynamics are difficult to study; empirical studies reveal disparate
results while existing theory makes assumptions that simplify natural
complexity. Here, we systematically review empirical studies of
migration and infection across taxa, highlighting key gaps in our
understanding. Next, we develop a unified evolutionary framework
incorporating different mechanisms of parasite-migration interactions
while accounting for ecological complexity that goes beyond previous
theory. Our framework generates diverse migration-infection patterns
paralleling those seen in empirical systems, including partial and
differential migration. Finally, we generate predictions about which
mechanisms dominate which empirical systems to guide future studies. Our
framework provides an overarching understanding of selective pressures
shaping migration patterns in the context of animal health and disease,
which is critical for predicting how environmental change may threaten
migration.
They are the best: The significance of others to emerging adults and well-being
Authors: Cookston Jeff , Chou Victoria , Khalid Qudsia , Amaya Fernanda
Published: April 2023

We know little about the relationships that matter to emerging adults.
This preregistered report elaborates our plan to survey 200 emerging
adults (approximately half male) to better understand the role of
significant others. First, we plan to ask emerging adults to list
individuals who matter and we will code the open-ended text for
relationship type. Second, we will use an adapted version of Schneck’s
(2009) Mattering Scale to assess mattering among five common close
relationships (i.e., mother figure, father figure, partner, best friend,
sibling). We predict that mattering of partner and best friend will be
highest, mothers will matter more than fathers, and siblings will matter
least. We hypothesize failing to mention a relationship in the
open-ended portion will be related to lower mattering of that
relationship. Finally, we anticipate better well being and less
loneliness when the list of those who matter is longer and when
significant others matter more.
Mitochondrial DNA Poly-C length heteroplasmy as a marker for risk of critical COVID-19
Authors: Coto Eliecer , Vázquez-Coto Daniel , Albaiceta Guillermo M. , Amado-Rodríguez Laura , González-Fernández Mar , García-Lago Claudia , Velázquez-Cuervo Lucinda , Cuesta-Llavona Elías , Gómez Juan
Published: April 2023

Mitochondria play a central role in the innate and acquired response
against viral infections. Common mtDNA variants have been associated
with severe COVID-19 and mtDNA depletion. A poly C length variation has
been associated with mtDNA instability and increased risk for several
diseases. We studied 482 patients who required treatment in the
intensive care unit and age matched population controls. The 16184-16193
poly-C and 514-523 CA-repeats were determined by fluorescent capillary
electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing of PCR fragments. We found a
significantly higher frequency of 16184-16193 mtDNA poly-C heteroplasmy
in patients aged ≤60 compared to patients aged >60 years.
Poly-C heteroplasmy did not differ between the age control groups.
Poly-C heteroplasmy was associated with the presence of the 16223 T
allele, that was associated with the risk of critical COVID-19 at ≤60
years. In Conclusion, heteroplasmy in the poly-C tract of the mtDNA
control region might be a marker for critical COVID-19. The 16184-16193
heteroplasmy was linked to the 16223 T allele, that was significantly
increased among patients aged ≤60 years. This finding requires
validation in other cohorts and to determine the functional link between
length variation in the mitochondrial DNA control sequence and risk of
severe SARS-CoV-2 disease.
Exhaled aerosols and saliva droplets measured in time and 3D space: Quantification of pathogens flow rate applied to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Roth Adrian , Stiti Mehdi , Frantz David , Corber Andrew , Edouard Berrocal
Published: April 2023

SARS-CoV-2 and its ever-emerging variants, are spread from host-to-host
via expelled respiratory aerosols and saliva droplets. Knowing the
number of virions which are exhaled by a person requires precise
measurements of the size, count, velocity and trajectory of the
virus-laden particles that are ejected directly from the mouth. These
measurements are achieved in 3D, at 15000 images/second, and are applied
when speaking, yelling, and coughing. In this study 33 events have been
analysed by post-processing ~500000 images. Using these
data, the flow rate of SARS-CoV-2 virions have been evaluated. At high
concentrations, 10^7 virions/mL, it is found that 136 to 231 virions
are ejected during a single cough, where the virion flow rate peak is
capable of reaching 32 virions within a millisecond. This peak can reach
tens of virions/ms when yelling, but reduced to only a few virions/ms
when speaking. At medium concentrations, ~10^5
virions/mL, those results are hundreds of times lower. The total number
of virions that are ejected when yelling at 110db, instead of speaking
at 85db, increases by two to three fold. From the measured data analysed
in this article, the flow rate of other diseases such as influenza,
tuberculosis or measles, can also be estimated. As these data are openly
accessible, they can be used by modellers for the simulation of saliva
droplet transport and evaporation, allowing to further advance our
understanding of airborne pathogen transmission.
Interactions between leaf traits and environmental factors enhance the understanding of leaf habits in a subtropical forest
Authors: Qin Yuanzhi , Wang Congrong , yang zhou tian , Fei Yanan , Xu Yaozhan , Qiao Xiujuan , Jiang Mingxi
Published: April 2023

It is well known that evergreen and deciduous species have different
functional traits and utilize different strategies in growth and
adaptation to environments, however little work has been done to
elucidate whether leaf habit mediate the effect of trait-environment
interactions on plant performance. Here we wanted to illuminate whether
relative growth rate of deciduous and evergreen species depended on
multiple trait-environment interactions. We measured eight leaf traits
of 1230 individuals from 25 species and collected topographic factors,
edaphic variables and competition index in a subtropic evergreen and
deciduous mixed forest. Then we modeled plant relative growth rate with
high-order trait-environment interactions for evergreen and deciduous
species respectively using generalized linear mixed model and visualized
the difference between leaf habits. Results showed that leaf habits were
divided by trait PC1 (41.8%) which was related to leaf lifespan and
resource acquisition. We found that trait-environment interactions
improved growth predictions for both leaf habits but the optimal models
for them were different. Moreover, the explanatory power of deciduous
species models was always higher than that of evergreens. These results
indicated that leaf habits with different life history strategies were
reflected by trait-environment interactions. We emphasized the
importance of leaf habits in explaining forest productivity and
functions, and future research should focus on the effects of leaf
habits on other demographic metrics and spatial patterns to solve the
coexistence of the two leaf habits in mixed forests.
Regional probabilistic forecasting of photovoltaic generation without sufficient historical data based on improved convolutional neural network
Authors: Wang Siyi , Sheng Wanxing , Liu Keyan , Jia dongli , Ma Haotian
Published: April 2023

A large number of forecasting technologies are carried out on the basis
of sufficient historical data, but the newly built PV plants have not
been put into operation, and there is not enough historical data to
forecast the power of PV plants, the existing research cannot accurately
forecast the power of photovoltaic plants containing the newly built PV
plants. There are two main innovations in the paper. Firstly, in the
case that deep learning cannot be carried out without historical data of
new PV plants, Pearson coefficients are used to analyze the correlation
among PV plants and construct historical data of new photovoltaic
plants. Secondly, on this basis, an improved CNN-LSTM model is proposed,
which takes the form of parallel convolution-pool layers in CNN, so that
the features of each plant, all plants, and time characteristics in the
region can be extracted completely. Finally, the network can be
fine-tuned and corrected after obtaining the actual power data. Further,
the forecasting accuracy of PV power was improved, and the training time
was reduced. Based on data from five PV plants in Australia, the
effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper is verified.
Impact of updating vegetation information on land surface model performance
Authors: Ruiz-Vásquez Melissa , O Sungmin , Arduini Gabriele , Boussetta Souhail , Brenning Alexander , Bastos Ana , Koirala Sujan , Balsamo Gianpaolo , Reichstein Markus , Orth Rene
Published: April 2023

Vegetation plays a fundamental role in modulating the exchange of water,
energy, and carbon fluxes between the land and the atmosphere. These
exchanges are modelled by Land Surface Models (LSMs), which are an
essential part of numerical weather prediction and data assimilation.
However, most current LSMs implemented specifically in weather
forecasting systems use climatological vegetation indices, and land
use/land cover datasets in these models are often outdated. In this
study, we update land surface data in the ECMWF land surface modelling
system ECLand using Earth observation-based time varying leaf area index
and land use/land cover data, and evaluate the impact of vegetation
dynamics on model performance. The performance of the simulated latent
heat flux and soil moisture is then evaluated against global gridded
observation-based datasets. Updating the vegetation information does not
always yield better model performances because the model’s parameters
are adapted to the previously employed land surface information.
Therefore we recalibrate key soil and vegetation-related parameters at
individual grid cells to adjust the model parameterizations to the new
land surface information. This substantially improves model performance
and demonstrates the benefits of updated vegetation information.
Interestingly, we find that a regional parameter calibration outperforms
a globally uniform adjustment of parameters, indicating that parameters
should sufficiently reflect spatial variability in the land surface. Our
results highlight that newly available Earth-observation products of
vegetation dynamics and land cover changes can improve land surface
model performances, which in turn can contribute to more accurate
weather forecasts.
Complex visual hallucinations with retention of insight: Four cases of Charles Bonnet syndrome
Authors: Tepsic-Ostojic Vesna , Gojkovic Zagorka , Zivic Bratislav
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Complex visual hallucinations with retention of insight due to visual impairment are key symptoms of Charles Bonnet syndrome. The syndrome is a standalone diagnosis in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision. Nevertheless, in clinical praxis, it is often misdiagnosed as psychosis or early stages of dementia, and it goes underreported by patients because of the fear of being diagnosed with a mental illness. Case report. We presented four elderly patients, who were referred for psychiatric consultation due to visual hallucinations, with preserved insight, but with impaired vision. All four patients had complex, vivid, and colorful hallucinations consisting of realistic objects, people, animals, or scenery that tend to recur. Their emotional response and impact on quality of life differed, and psychopharmacotherapy was determined according to their psychological symptoms. Empathic explanation of the symptoms? origin and reassurance of the absence of mental illness for patients and caregivers were of vital importance in all cases. Conclusion. With the aging of the population, the number of patients with impaired vision also increases, and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnostic procedures and treatment of Charles Bonnet syndrome is emphasized. Increased aware-ness of clinical characteristics and therapeutic approaches is required among all physicians who are in contact with elderly and/or impaired vision patients.
Ukraina: Historien. Menneskene. Krigen.
Authors: Hedenskog Jakob
Published: April 2023

Författaren tar oss med på en vandring från Kyjivs grundande på 400-talet till det moderna Ukrainas självständighet, över revolutioner och kriser, genom Rysslands aggression 2014 och fram till den fullskaliga invasionen i februari 2022. Han förklarar på ett förtjänstfullt sätt vad som skiljer Ukraina från Ryssland och hur ukrainarna, trots så mycket mindre befolkning och militära och ekonomiska resurser, har klarat att stå emot den ryska aggressionen på ett sätt som väckt omvärldens både beundran och sympati
The author takes us on a journey from the founding of Kyiv in the 5th century to the independence of modern Ukraine, through revolutions and crises, Russia's aggression in 2014, and up to the full-scale invasion in February 2022. He explains in a meritorious way what distinguishes Ukraine from Russia and how the Ukrainians, despite a much smaller population and fewer military and economic resources, have managed to resist the Russian aggression in a way that has aroused both the admiration and sympathy of the outside world.
The Management of Patients With Acute Aortic Syndrome in A Hospital Setting on the Example of an Emergency Hospital
Authors: Yakubov R. A. , Akhmedov U. U. , Sharafutdinov M. R. , Mukhamadeev M. F.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Today, the issue of the effectiveness of emergency specialized care for patients with acute aortic syndrome (AAS) is extremely relevant in Russian healthcare. Much attention is paid to logistics and management in the AAS. There is a tendency to increase the share of hybrid treatment of aortic pathology due to the rapid development of endovascular technologies in Russian healthcare institutions. This article presents the scheme of logistics at the prehospital stage, perioperative management and options for surgical treatment, including hybrid and endovascular options of AAS. Particular attention is paid to the resolution of the malperfusion syndrome. The main studies were carried out on the basis of SAHI RT Regional Center for Emergency Medical Care.

AIM OF STUDY Development of a logistics scheme and tactics for the treatment of patients with acute aortic pathology.

MATERIAL AND METHODS This article provides demographic data and incidence statistics. Not only the hospital stage of effective treatment is important, but logistics with routing and anesthesia management as well. Examples of the routing schemes used by us in practice for patients with AAS starting from 2017 are given. Variants of hybrid treatment and resolution of malperfusion syndrome in patients with AAS are shown on the example of clinical cases.

CONCLUSION The applied schemes for transporting patients with AAS allowed the optimal treatment strategy to be chosen, where time is of the essence. Proper perioperative management in patients with aortic pathology will allow deaths to be minimized and/or prevented. The options of performed surgical treatment showed a good result, a decrease in mortality. Penn classification, especially in a situation of high perioperative risk, made it possible to predict in-hospital mortality and outcomes of surgical treatment, and also helped choose an adequate treatment strategy
Endovascular Stent Thrombectomy in Patients With Acute Lower Limb Arterial Thrombosis on the Background of COVID-19
Authors: Semyin I. S. , Ivanenko A. N. , Zharova A. S. , Pyatkov V. A. , Bakhtin I. L. , Sobolev G. A. , Kiselev A. D. , Korotkikh A. V. , Kazantsev A. N , Chernykh K. P.
Published: April 2023

AIM Analysis of the outcomes of endovascular stent thrombectomy in patients with acute arterial thrombosis of the lower extremities on the background of COVID-19.

MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study for the period from January 1, 2020 to March 1, 2022 included 34 patients with acute lower limb ischemia who were diagnosed with the novel coronavirus infection SARS-COV-2. Endovascular stent thrombectomy was performed according to the standard technique using a Destination 8F guiding sheath (Terumo), an Advantage 0.014`` guidewire (Terumo), and a Casper stent (Microvention, Terumo) as a stent retriever. In case of fragmentation of thrombotic masses in the guide sheath, manual aspiration of thrombi was performed using a standard 50,0 ml syringe. Self-expanding nitinol stents were implanted in 11 clinical cases.

RESULTS Intraoperative bleeding from the puncture site of the artery developed in 14.7% of cases, which required additional manipulation to achieve hemostasis. Every tenth (11.8%) patient developed myocardial infarction, in 2.9% of cases — ischemic stroke. In the hospital postoperative period during the first hours after surgery, 26.5% of patients developed rethrombosis which required re-intervention. In 8.8% of cases, retrombectomy was unsuccessful, and limb amputation was performed. A fatal outcome occurred in 67.6% of cases, which was due to an increase in multiple organ failure and the development of sepsis.

CONCLUSION Endovascular stent thrombectomy is characterized by a low risk of rethrombosis and amputation in the context of COVID-19.
Features of Benzodiazepine Poisoning in the Elderly and Senile Patients
Authors: Simonova A. Yu. , Ilyashenko K. K. , Belova M. V. , Potshveria M. M.
Published: April 2023

AIM OF THE STUDY To study benzodiazepine poisoning in geriatric patients compared to patients of working age.

MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined 82 patients with benzodiazepine poisoning, hospitalized in the Department of Acute Poisoning and Somatopsychiatric Disorders of the N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine in 2020–2021, which were divided into age categories: young (18–44 years old), middle (45–59 years old) and older (over 60 years old) age. The presence of benzodiazepines in urine was confirmed by immunochromatographic analysis and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The concentration of phenazepam in the blood and urine was determined in 45 patients by GC-MS. Statistical processing of the material was performed using the IBM program SPSS Statistics 27.0. The median (Me), 25th and 75th percentiles were determined. The comparison of quantitative data was performed using non-parametric criteria, the level of significance was taken as p<0.05.

RESULTS It was found that acute phenazepam poisoning prevailed in all age groups (90% of patients). Among young and middle-aged patients, moderate and deep stunning (GCS score 12–14) prevailed, and in older people moderate and severe poisoning prevailed (GCS score 3–12), with no statistically significant differences in blood concentrations of phenazepam between the groups. In patients of the older age group with benzodiazepine poisoning, compared to people of working age, the development of respiratory failure was statistically significantly more frequent — 13.8-fold, pneumonia — 12.6-fold, vein thrombosis of the lower extremities — 7.8-fold, trophic skin changes — 29-fold. The duration of treatment in older patients with benzodiazepine poisoning was 3.5-fold higher than in young and middle-aged patients, mortality in the older age group was 41%.

CONCLUSION The course of acute poisoning with benzodiazepines, including phenazepam, in the elderly and senile age differs in comparison with persons of working age with a high incidence of complications and adverse outcomes.
Features of the organization of pre-school training of bilingual children in the Republic of Tajikistan
Authors: Каирова Лидия Алексеевна , Лукьянова Наталья Николаевна
Published: April 2023

Представлен анализ опыта работы с билингвальными детьми шести лет в условиях предшкольной подготовки для русских школ, открываемых в Республике Таджикистан. Описаны особенности организации деятельности детей дошкольного возраста, которые будут обучаться в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом начального общего образования Российской Федерации. Объяснены причины возникновения сложностей в обучения детей-билингвов. Представлены этапы организации предшкольной подготовки будущих первоклассников, рассмотрены существенные направления данной работы, в том числе языкового и математического содержания, охарактеризованы особенности двуязычных шестилеток, описаны трудности в проведении занятий. По итогам работы в условиях предшкольной подготовки сделаны основные выводы, которыми могут руководствоваться учителя начальных классов.

The article presents an analysis of the experience of working with bilingual children of six years in the conditions of preschool training for Russian schools opened in the Republic of Tajikistan. The educational process in these schools will be carried out in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education of the Russian Federation. The features of the implementation of the pre-school training program, developed in accordance with the requirements of the preschool education standard and tested in classes with bilingual children, are described. The features of bilingual six-year-olds are determined. The methods of organizing educational and play activities of preschool children who have mastered the Russian language at different levels are described, which in the future may cause difficulties for students in achieving subject and meta-subject results determined by the educational program. The speech environment is characterized, which has formed a natural bilingualism in the child and does not contribute to enriching the speech experience of a preschooler. The reasons for the difficulties in teaching bilingual children are explained. The reasons of difficulties in conducting classes on pre-school preparation, which arise both in children and in the teacher, are revealed. The stages of the organization of preschool training of future first-graders are presented, the essential directions of this work, including linguistic and mathematical content, are considered. Based on the results of work in the conditions of preschool preparation, the main conclusions are made that can guide primary school teachers implementing the educational process in Russian schools of the Republic of Tajikistan.
Purifikasi Lipase Aspergillus niger M1407 Indigenus Menggunakan Kromatografi Pertukaran Ion
Authors: Stephanie Ledo Mellissa Erlyn , Merpiseldin Nitsae Hartini Realista Lidya Solle
Published: April 2023

Lipase digunakan sebagai biokatalis dalam proses sintesis biodiesel. Salah satu tumbuhan yang memiliki potensi biokatalis telah diidentifikasi dan dibudidayakan yaitu pohon kesambi (Schleichera oleosa) yang populasinya cukup tinggi di Nusa Tenggara Timur dan belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Biji kesambi (Schleichera seeds) diketahui memiliki kandungan asam lemak yang cukup tinggi seperti asam miristat, asam palmitat, asam stearate, asam arakidat, asam oleat dan asam linoleat. Isolat Aspergillus niger M1407 adalah isolat fungi lipolitik indigenus yang diisolasi dari biji kesambi. Penelitan ini bertujuan mendapatkan lipase A. niger M1407 yang murni melalui proses purifikasi menggunakan kromatografi pertukaran ion dan mendapatkan profil pH lipase A. niger M1407. Tahapan penelitian ini adalah 1) Tahap produksi lipase melalui Solid State Fermentation menggunakan medium tepung biji kesambi; 2) Tahap purifikasi lipase menggunakan cation exchange ; 3) Tahap uji profil pH Lipase A. niger M1407; dan 4) Uji aktivitas lipase parsial purifikasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan aktivitas ekstrak kasar lipase A. niger M1407 memiliki pH optimal pada pH= 8 dengan aktivitas sebesar 118,52 U/mL pada suhu kamar. Aktivitas lipase A. niger M1407 yang telah mengalami purifikasi menggunakan metode kromatografi pertukaran kation (cation exchange chromatography) adalah 71,11 U/mL. Dengan demikian, optimasi purifikasi lipase A. niger M1407 dan karakterisasinya perlu dilakukan dalam upaya pengembangan produksi biodiesel dengan pemanfaatan biji kesambi.
Optimalisasi Gula Cair dan pH Medium untuk Fermentasi Alkohol dari Jus Curucuma xanthorihiza
Authors: Atmodjo Kianto
Published: April 2023

Gula cair suatu produk baru dari gula yang tersusun dari fruktosa, glukosa dan disakarida dianggap lebih baik daripada gula kristal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi gula cair dan pH medium yang digunakan dalam fermentasi sari temulawak (Curcuma xantorhiza Raoxb) oleh Saccharomyces cerevisiae untuk memproduksi alkohol.  Satu kg temulawak kering dihancurkan ditambah air sebanyak 8 liter, ditambahkan 250 g kecambah kacang hijau, direbus selama 30 menit, lalu didinginkan kemudian direbus lagi tiga kali rebusan disaring lalu diambil airnya kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam botol fermentasi sebanyak 300 ml kemudian ditambahkan gula cair sehingga diperoleh variasi 0,15%, 30%, 45%, 60% dan 75%. Medium sari temulawak ini diatur pH nya menjadi 4, 4,5, 5,0, 5,5 dan 6. Selanjutnya 1 g bibit S. cerevisiae ditambahkan pada tiap botol fermentasi lalu ditutup. Fermentasi berlangsung pada suhu kamar. Parameter penelitian berupa total sel, pH dan gula reduksi yang diukur tiap sehari sebanyak tiga kali, dan kadar alkohol setelah satu bulan fermentasi.  Hasil menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara peningkatan kadar gula dan perbedaan pH medium terhadap total sel, perubahan pH dan kadar gula. Namun ada hubungan yang nyata  antara kenaikan kadar gula medium dengan alkohol yang dihasilkan. Efisiensi konversi gula menjadi alkohol tertinggi  di atas 3% terjadi pada fermentasi pada  konsentrasi gula 45%. Kadar alkohol tertinggi dihasilkan pada pH medium awal 5.
Keanekaragaman Jamur di Cagar Alam Gunung Mutis Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Solle Hartini , Klau Ferdinandus , Nuhamara Simon Taka
Published: April 2023

Jamur merupakan salah satu organisme yang memegang peranan penting dalam menguraikan bahan organik yang sangat kompleks menjadi bahan sederhana sehingga mudah diserap oleh organisme lainnya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui jenis jamur dan mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman jenis jamur pada hutan cagar alam gunung Mutis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode jelajah setiap plot dengan mencatat jenis jamur yang ditemukan pada kawasan tersebut dan dilanjutkan dengan proses identifikasi jenis jamur yang ditemukan. Pengambilan sampel dengan koleksi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 340 individu pada 17 spesies jamur dengan tingkat keanekaragaman : 1,510 yang menunjukkan tingkat keanekaragam spesies jamur yang tinggi. Spesies jamur yang paling mendominasi adalah jamur Microporus sp dan Polyporus sp, sedangkan jenis lain keberadaannya masih tergolong rendah seperti Polyporus squamosus, Coriolus hirsutus, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Tyromyces sambuceus, Fomytopsis pinicola, Microporus perula, Trametes orientalis, Piptoporus betulinus, Auricula polytricha, Auricularia auricula, Elfvingia applanata, Fomes sp, Laccaria vinaceoavellaneae, Paxillus curtisii, Pleurotus pulmorius.
O “NÃO LUGAR” DO “CORPO TRAVESTI” NO “CORPO DISCENTE” DA PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO E PESQUISA NA AMAZÔNIA NORTISTA
Authors: Rocha Damião , Sousa Cruz Jessika Villalon
Published: April 2023

Atualmente são pouquíssimas as travestis/transexuais que desenvolvem uma carreira acadêmica. Estima-se que 90% delas estejam em situação de prostituição. No entanto, recentemente, no ano de 2020, a Folha/SP publicou uma fala transfóbica do Ministro da Educação da gestão de Bolsonaro: “tenho reservas e ressalvas em relação a ter professoras travestis e transgêneros na sala de aula”. A partir disso, neste trabalho apresentamos uma amostra dos programas de pós-graduação em educação na região Norte sobre/com as travestis/transexuais nas dissertações e teses na Amazônia nortista. Trata-se de uma “pesquisa implicada” (ROCHA; MAIA, 2017) de base fenomenológica do grupo Gepce/minorias com autorias como: bell hooks (2019), Judith Butler (2008), Daniel Borrillo (2010). Nos resultados sinalizamos sobre a “objetificação” de “corpas trans” e a negação das oportunidades de acesso à educação superior, à pós-graduação e pesquisa em função do “lugar” de subalternação no qual somos nós, “pessoas T”, colocadas; apesar de que ao menos 12 universidades federais já ter cotas para alun@s trans, e algumas com vagas específicas na graduação e pós-graduação.
Online Media Literacy among Gen Z in Kendari City in the Post Truth Era
Authors: Arnus Sri Hadijah , Husain Wahyuni , Asriani Dini
Published: April 2023

Information and communication technology development allows every individual to obtain and produce information quickly. This development brings us to the post-truth era, where truth is relative. Generation Z is among the most intense social media user groups. Based on this, this research wants to look at online media literacy among Gen Z in Baruga District, Kendari City, in the post-truth era. This research method is descriptive qualitative by analyzing the individual competence framework, namely data analysis through data analysis techniques, to determine online media literacy skills from three levels: basic, medium, and advanced. The study results show that the online media literacy level of gen z Kendari City in responding to hoax news on social media is still at a basic level. The technical skill ability of Gen Z based on indicators of the individual competence framework is at a medium level. Critical understanding ability is still at the basic stage. Meanwhile, social competence, which consists of Communicative abilities, is still at a basic level. Gen z media literacy skills in Kendari City still need to be improved. Efforts that can be made to increase gen z online media literacy are conducting training related to online media literacy for gen z, both carried out by the local government and support from religious leaders.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT MELALUI KEWIRAUSAHAAN SOSIAL DI DESA KUTAMANDIRI KECAMATAN TANJUNGSARI KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Solihah Ratnia , Mustofa Mustabsyirotul Ummah , Witianti Siti
Published: April 2023

Fokus tulisan ini adalah tentang pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui kewirausahaan sosial, sebagai upaya menindaklanjuti hasil survey pemetaan profil, masalah dan potensi Desa Kutamandiri Kecamatan Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode kualitatif, dengan teknik pengambilan data berdasarkan studi literatur dan studi lapangan. Studi lapangan dilakukan melalui survey pemetaan profil, masalah dan potensi Desa Kutamandiri, observasi partisipan, melakukan design thinking, dan menyelenggarakan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui kewirausahaan dengan berbagai kegiatan yang melibatkan Tim PPM, Tim KKN, Tim Ahli (instruktur), serta Pemerintah Desa, BUMDes, Ibu-ibu PKK, Karang Taruna dan warga Desa Kutamandiri. Pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui kewirausahaan sosial dilakukan dengan kegiatan-kegiatan yang meliputi sosialisasi pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui kewirausahaan sosial; koordinasi, diskusi dan konsultasi tentang produk unggulan; uji coba produk, pelatihan pengolahan produk ubi cilembu dan manajemen usaha, serta sosialisasi/workshop website kepada admin Desa (pengelola BUMDes). Secara keseluruhan kegiatan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan baik, walaupun terdapat beberapa kendala. Kendala tersebut diatasi dengan upaya yang dilakukan oleh Tim PPM maupun pihak-pihak terkait lainnya.
RAMBUT RONTOK DAN MUDAH LUPA MERUPAKAN MANIFESTASI YANG BANYAK DIALAMI PENYANDANG LUPUS ERITEMATOSUS SISTEMIK
Authors: Gamayani Uni , Hamijoyo Laniyati , Alita Vilya Rizkianti , Ghassani Nadia Gita
Published: April 2023

Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik (LES) adalah penyakit inflamasi kronik yang disebabkan oleh gangguan autoimun, autoantibodi abnormal berlebihan diproduksi dan menyalahartikan sel-sel tubuh sebagai musuh, sehingga secara langsung atau tidak langsung menyerang organ dan jaringan dan menyebabkan peradangan kronik. Lupus merupakan penyakit sistemik yang meliputi keterlibatan berbagai sistem organ seperti sistem imun, kulit dan mukosa, sendi, darah, jantung, paru ginjal, dan susunan saraf pusat. Manifestasi penyakit LES sangat beragam dengan perjalanan penyakit yang bervariasi dan memiliki risiko kematian yang tinggi. Seminar awam “Saya Lebih Kuat dari Lupus“ diadakan dengan tujuan edukasi tentang LES dan komplikasi yang mungkin terjadi kepada pasien LES. Sebanyak 52 peserta hadir pada seminar ini, 34 orang diantaranya merupakan pasien LES. Peserta diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa saja manifestasi yang terjadi pada pasien. Hasil survei pada penderita lupus menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak  22 (64.7%) responden mengalami gangguan kognisi.
SOSIALISASI CARA PENGAJUAN SPP-IRT DAN SERTIFIKASI HALAL KEPADA UMKM PENGOLAHAN PANGAN
Authors: Marta Herlina - , Anggaeni Trianing Tyas Kusuma
Published: April 2023

Dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas dan daya saing produk UMKM, pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan serta mengembangkan beberapa standar dan sertifikasi yang harus dilengkapi oleh pelaku usaha. Salah satunya adalah Sertifikat Produksi Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga (SPP-IRT). Sertifikasi ini merupakan cara untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pelaku UMKM dalam menerapkan Cara Pengolahan Pangan yang Baik (CPPB-IRT). Penduduk Indonesia mayoritas muslim, sehingga konsumen juga berhak untuk mendapatkan jaminan halal dari produk yang dikonsumsinya. Oleh karena itu produk-produk pangan yang beredar di Indonesia juga harus memiliki sertifikasi halal. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta tentang tata cara pengajuan dan persyaratan untuk mendapatkan SPP-IRT dan sertifikat halal, agar produk tersebut lebih terjamin dan lebih luas pemasarannya. Sasaran peserta program ini adalah pemilik UMKM pengolahan pangan yang belum memiliki ijin edar produk (SPP-IRT) dan sertifikat halal. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan adalah blended activity, sebagian kegiatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan media komunikasi online seperti Trello, Whatsapp, dan Zoom Meeting, dikombinasikan dengan kegiatan secara tatap muka langsung pada saat survey. Berdasarkan kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan mitra dalam hal tata cara pengajuan dan persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi terkait SPP-IRT dan sertifikasi halal. Selain itu juga terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai penerapan CPP-IRT, keamanan pangan, pengemasan dan pelabelan pangan serta peningkatan motivasi untuk mendapatkan SPP-PIRT dan sertifikat halal.
KEGIATAN “SELAMATKAN LAUT KITA” SEBAGAI MEDIA EDUKASI PEDULI LINGKUNGAN LAUT DAN SOSIALISASI DAMPAK PEMANASAN GLOBAL DI KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Zallesa Sheila
Published: April 2023

Kerusakan lingkungan laut diakibatkan oleh perbuatan manusia. Diantara dampak dari perbuatan manusia itu adalah pemanasan global dan pencemaran lingkungan. Lingkungan laut sensitif akibat dari perubahan lingkungan dan pencemaran. Kabupaten Cirebon yang dimana masyarakat berprofesi sebagai nelayan terkena dampak secara tidak langsung dari pemanasan global dan pencemaran lingkungan. Salah satu dampak bagi nelayan adalah berkurangnya hasil tangkapan ikan. Sehingga diperlukan edukasi mengenai peduli lingkungan laut dan dampak pemanasan global bagi usaha perikanan bagi masyarakat kabupaten Cirebon. Kegiatan dilakukan secara luring dan daring. Kegiatan “Selamatkan Laut Kita” cukup efektif untuk mengedukasi nelayan, siswa dan masyarakat umum di kabupaten Cirebon untuk lebih peduli lagi terhadap lingkungan, terutama laut. Kegiatan webinar cukup efektif mengkampanyekan peduli lingkungan laut untuk khalayak umum dan akademisi.Damaged marine environment mostly caused by human activity. Human activity impact on environment include  global warming and environmental pollution. The marine environment is sensitive due to environmental changes and pollution. Cirebon Regency, where people work as fishermen, is indirectly affected by global warming and environmental pollution. One of the impacts for fishermen is the reduced fish catch. There is a need for environmental education that provides people with awareness about the issue of marine environment and global warming impacts especially to Cirebon society. The Activity was conducted both offline and online. The activity with theme of  "Let’s Save the Ocean " is quite effective in educating fishermen, students and the general public at Cirebon Regency to more aware about the environment, especially the ocean environment. The webinar activity is  effective in campaigning the marine environment awareness for the general public and academician.
PENERAPAN POLA NABR DAN TANGIM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MAHARAH AL-KALAM MAHASISWA PRODI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA ARAB UMM
Authors: Murdiono Murdiono , Amin Muhamad
Published: April 2023

Penerapan pola Nabr dan Tangim dalam meningkatkan  memampuan maharah al-Kalam Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab  Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa Arab  mahasiswa dengan menggunakan Nabr (Tekanan), dan Tangim (Intonasi) yang sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi. Salah satu pemanfaatan juga  adalah dapat membantu mahasiswa dalam memahami mata kuliah maharah al-kalam dalam waktu yang singkat. Metode pelaksanaan pendampingan diawali dengan Sosialisasi dengan mahasiswa. Tahapan selanjutnya ialah penyusunan handout Nabr dan Tangim. Tahap pelaksanaan pelatihan dilaksanakan selama 5 (lima) kali pertemuan. Selanjutnya, evaluasi akhir akan dilaksanakan kepada peserta pendampingan dalam bentuk Praktek. Tahap akhir yaitu analisis keterlaksanaan pendampingan .  Hasil Pengabdian yang dilaksanakan oleh  pengusul bahwa sekitar 30 Mahasiswa mampu berbicara bahasa Arab dengan baik dan benar yang sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi.The application of Nabr and Tangim patterns in improving the ability of maharah al-Kalam Students of Arabic Language Education Program of Muhammadiyah University of Malang aims to improve students' Arabic language skills in accordance with the situation and conditions. One of the uses is also to help students in understanding the course maharah al-kalam in a short time.The method of implementation of mentoring begins with Socialization with students. The next stage is the preparation of Nabr and Tangim handouts. The training stage is held for 10 (three) meetings. Furthermore, the final evaluation will be conducted to the participants in the form of practice. The final stage is the analysis of the implementation of mentoring.  The results of the devotion carried out by the author that about 30 students are able to speak Arabic well and correctly in accordance with the situation and conditions.