bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mangwende v Machodo: Bride price refund and the violation of women's rights in contemporary Zimbabwe
Authors: Vengesai Priccilar
Published: July 2023

This article undertakes an analysis of a Zimbabwean High Court case, Mangwende v Machodo, on the refund of the bride price. It is ascertained in the article that the bride price is a legal requirement for customary marriages, hence constituting a significant founding culture for customary marriages. A point of contention motivating the article is, as was held in the case under discussion, that a cheating wife's bride price may be withheld by the husband who would have not paid it in full or, where it was paid up, he can be refunded in full. The gap that exists in this scenario is that, in the case of the husband cheating, the wife does not have a corresponding recourse. The one-sidedness of this custom displays a grave inequality to the prejudice of women. It is also argued that the bride price refund violates the wife's dignity. It is therefore recommended that customary law around the bride price must be developed to meet the constitutional demands of gender equality. In developing this customary law, an important factor to consider is the duration of the marriage. In a situation where a couple stayed together for a reasonable period, each party playing his or her role, it cannot be fair for the husband to be refunded. There could be scenarios where the wife cheats, soon after the bride price was paid and before the couple move in together as husband and wife, when the bride price can be refunded. Furthermore, not all bride price items are refundable and, therefore, those components of bride price that can be refunded must be clearly defined.
Effect of sustainability perception on consumer purchasing behaviour
Authors: Satir Tuba Uzunkaya
Published: July 2023

Purpose- The aim of the study is to determine how sustainability perception affects electronic word-of-mouth communication and purchase intention. The perception of sustainability consists of waste utilisation and minimisation, climate change concerns, contributing to environmental protection and recycling. Consumer behaviour is addressed with the dimensions of electronic word-of-mouth communication and purchase intention.
Methodology- The data were collected from consumers who use white goods by online survey method and SPSS statistical programme was used to test the relationships. The population of the study consists of consumers who use white goods. Considering that it is not practically possible to reach the universe, sampling was used. Since it is not foreseen to make a generalisation about the population, convenience sampling method, one of the non-random sampling methods, was used. Accordingly, the participants of the study consisted of 517 people.
Findings- In the study, sustainability perception positively affects electronic word-of-mouth communication and purchase intention. Moreover, sustainability perception components together positively affect electronic word-of-mouth communication and purchase intention.
Conclusion- In recent years, negative impacts on natural ecosystems have increased the importance of the concept of sustainability. Consumers have an important role in ensuring sustainability. Consumers' increasing awareness of sustainability and parallel to this, increasing concerns affect their purchasing behaviour. Perceptions of sustainability strongly influence consumer purchase intentions, which in turn encourage positive online word-of-mouth marketing more effectively than traditional marketing tools.

Keywords: Sustainability perception, electronic word-of-mouth, purchase ıntention, consumer behavior, environmental sustainability
JEL Codes: M30, M31, M39
A stochastic frontier analysis of cost of efficiency in Turkish cement industry
Authors: Sengul Serkan , Koprucu Yilmaz , Yildiz Hakan
Published: July 2023

Purpose - The main focus of this paper is to measure cost efficiency in Turkish Cement Industry using firm level data over the period 2008-2016. The measurement of cost efficiency in the industry in which there can seem usually competition infringement is of great importance regarding effective allocation of resources. The ineffective allocation of resources can bring about cost inefficiency.
Methodology - In this study, efficiency is measured using a frontier analysis approach, which quantifies efficiency as the gap between the best achievable performance and actual performance. The Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method is employed to assess cost efficiency of each firm in this manner. By incorporating both statistical error and inefficiency, the SFA method recognizes that deviations from optimal performance can arise from both random errors and inefficiency factors.
Findings- Empirical results show that cost efficiency scores vary between 82% and 93% by different models. The results also indicate a wide range of cost efficiencies across different size cement firms. The lowest cost efficiency score is estimated by TFE, BC95, and PL81 models in 2015.
Conclusion- Average cost efficiency score varies between approximately 93% and 82%, which means that the firms can potentially achieve at least 7% and a maximum of 18% reduction in input costs.

Keywords: Stochastic frontier analysis, cement industry, cost efficiency, efficiency estimation, time-varying, invariant efficiency.
JEL Codes: D24, C51, L61
CZ ID Workflow for Assembling Viral Consensus Genomes v1
Authors: Rosario Cora Karyna
Published: July 2023

CZ ID's Viral Consensus Genome pipeline is designed to quickly assemble consensus genomes in bulk for any virus. Users can get started on their analysis by simply uploading Illumina sequencing files, providing a reference genome sequence, and including an optional primer BED file. The pipeline can be used with data obtained through primer spiking for target enrichment, PCR, whole genome sequence, or metagenomic assays. After uploading data, consensus genomes are automatically assembled against the user-provided reference sequence. This protocol describes how to upload, view, and download viral consensus genome data through CZ ID. Click here to learn more about CZ ID's Viral Consensus Genome pipeline.
Public Legitimation by “Going Personal”? The Ambiguous Role of International Organization Officials on Social Media
Authors: Ecker-Ehrhardt Matthias
Published: July 2023

International organizations increasingly use social media to target citizens with an abundance of content, which tends to stylize officials across ranks as the “personal face” of institutional processes. Such practices suggest a new degree of access to the every day of multilateralism that has traditionally taken place on camera and with the aid of diplomatic discretion. What is more, in these practices the intuitive truth of images on social media often blends with a more credible expression of emotional states—such as enthusiasm, sympathy, anger, or shame—which facilitates the legitimation of international organizations as credible agents of shared values and norms. At the same time, however, such personalization arguably suggests a problematic dependency on the credible conduct of international organization officials as it might undermine institutional claims to depersonalized “rational-legal” authority in international politics and local arenas of implementation alike. Also, it aggravates existing problems of decoupling action in global governance from its political symbolism, because international organizations use social media by and large to communicate “top-down,” despite claiming a more personal mode of communication among peers. To illustrate this argument, the article takes on content shared by leading officials of the UN, the IMF, the WHO, and the WTO on Twitter.
Software Agents in the Practice of Law
Authors: Berezina E. A.
Published: July 2023

The paper is devoted to the analysis of such legal technology as the use of software agents in law practice. The paper substantiates the relevance of the research topic, gives the concept of a software agent, and provides their classification. Special attention is paid to intelligent software agents, their types used in the implementation of legal activities. The paper provides examples of intelligent software agents-bots used in legal practice; user agents, predictive agents and data search agents that select and analyze information in large data warehouses in order to systematize it, classify and identify trends in individual indicators. It is concluded that the use of software agents in legal practice can be considered as a kind of legal technology in the event that it entails a legally significant result and certain legal consequences. A software agent acts as one of the structural elements of legal technology — a means of carrying out legal activity, a means of achieving a legal result, and the very use of this tool in legal practice is a legal technology. This technology is assigned to certain types depending on various classification criteria. Based on the materials of domestic and foreign legal practice, the author provides specific examples of harm caused by activities carried out with the help of software agents. The author outlines the problems of using software agents in law practice that require further examination.
A Preventive Function of a Negatory Claim
Authors: Malbin D. A.
Published: July 2023

A negatory claim may be applied in case of violation of a subjective right. Giving the negatory claim an uncharacteristic preventive function for the purposes of protecting subjective property rights is not necessary, because the desired goal is achieved by using a different method of legal protection and in relation to another object of legal protection, namely, a legitimate interest. An owner is interested in ensuring that his subjective right is not violated. Therefore, he has an interest in third parties acting in such a way that a violation of his right would be excluded. A violation of such a legitimate interest of the owner is the commission by the debtor of actions that will inevitably lead to a violation of property rights. In view of the fact that a subjective duty does not oppose a legitimate interest, a dispute concerning protection of a legitimate interest provides for the resolution of competition between the protection of the plaintiff’s legitimate interest and the defendant’s freedom of action. The court’s duty in such a dispute is to establish a fair balance between competing legal benefits so that the legitimate interests of one or the freedom of the other are not infringed without sufficient grounds. Prevention of violation of subjective property rights can be carried out by such a general method of protection as the suppression of actions that pose a threat of violation of the right, a special case of which is a claim for the prevention of harm. A special real preventive claim brought to prevent the violation of subjective property rights is possible only if the appropriate method of protection is fixed by law. However, in the conditions of the existence of such a universal method of protection as the suppression of actions that pose a threat of violation of the law applicable to all subjective rights, there is no need to consolidate a special real preventive claim.
Legal Nature of the Consequences of the Invalidity of the Debtor’s Transactions in Bankruptcy
Authors: Stolyarchuk M. V.
Published: July 2023

There is a widespread position that Article 61.6 of the Federal Law of October 26, 2002 No. 127-FZ «On Insolvency (Bankruptcy)» is restitution. At the same time, the characteristic features of civil restitution and the consequences of the invalidity of the debtor’s transactions differ. Since no one has previously provided sufficient theoretical justification for arguing this position, the author attempts to determine the legal nature of the consequences of the invalidity of the disputed transaction of the debtor in bankruptcy. The author analyzes the provisions of the named article (as well as the practice of its application) to see if there is some correlation with bilateral and unilateral civil law restitution, measures of a confiscatory and over compensatory nature, and civil law tort. Based on the results of the comparison, the author concludes that the consequences of the invalidity of the debtor’s transaction can only be considered as a special type of legal liability of the debtor’s counterparty in the area of insolvency. A different interpretation of this norm requires serious changes in the legislation on insolvency (bankruptcy).
Sanctions and Restrictive Measures against Business Representatives and Members of their Families: Legal Aspects
Authors: Slepak V. Yu. , Vinokurova K. A.
Published: July 2023

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the legal grounds for the imposition of sanctions by Western jurisdictions against representatives of Russian business and their relatives, as well as current law enforcement practice. An important general trend in the development of sanctions legislation is the gradual expansion of the scope of application of the grounds for imposing sanctions with the simultaneous simplification of inclusion in the sanctions lists. Prominent examples are the expansion of sectors of the economy affected by US sanctions, and the very ability of the US and UK to impose blocking sanctions simply by virtue of the fact that a person operates in a certain sector of the economy. In the EU, to impose sanctions on a businessperson operating in a particular sector, one still has to prove the presence of a leading position, but this is also a rather vague term. This approach is also the result of a simplification: there is practically no need to prove connection with the regime due to the presumption of connection between big business and the political regime considered in this paper. The UK also simplified the procedure for imposing sanctions by extending them to family members of sanctioned persons, which eliminated the need to prove the presence of financial and economic ties with the sanctioned person. An even more important easing in the imposition of sanctions was the emergence of a simplified procedure for imposing sanctions on persons who fell under the sanctions of the UK’s allies. This procedure only allows checking the coincidence of the grounds for imposing sanctions without checking the actual circumstances that caused the inclusion of a person in the sanctions list. In fact, the only way to avoid being included in the sanctions lists is to refuse any activity that serves as a basis for inclusion in the sanctions lists. Often, such a scenario is unrealistic, which means that representatives of Russian big business will only have to take measures to minimize possible harm, since the elimination of the sanctions risk becomes almost impossible.
Diagnosis and treatment of the giant malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the anterior mediastinum: A case report
Authors: Gofman Anna A. , Vasiliev Yurii  A. , Esakov Yury  S. , Tukvadze Zurab  G. , Panina Olga  Yu.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) occurs in young and middle-aged people, more frequently in those with the genetic disease known as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Approximately, 50% of people with MPNST have NF1 and 13% of people with NF1 will get MPNST during their lifetime.
CASE REPORT: A 30-year-old patient after surgery for MPNST of the right hip in 2013 was observed. In 2017, a relapse was detected, and combined treatment was performed, including surgical excision of the relapse and postoperative distance radiotherapy with a total focal dose of 66 Gy. In 2018, MPNST of the left femoral nerve was diagnosed, and the tumor was excised. In 2020, a chest X-ray diagnosed a single focus of localized opacity in the anterior mediastinum, adjacent to the right lung. Computed tomography (CT) was performed to further verify the neoplasm, which revealed a single hypodense focus in the anterior mediastinum, adjacent to the right lung. According to histological examination of a tumor biopsy obtained by transthoracic ultrasound-guided biopsy, MPNST was verified. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with intravenous contrast enhancement, including real-time MRI, was performed to assess the invasion of the mass into soft tissues and vessels and to plan surgical treatment. The following surgeries were done: right thoracotomy, removal of a neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum with resection of the upper lobe of the right lung, and marginal resections of the lower lobe of the right lung. This case demonstrates a rare localization and non-standard instrumental diagnosis of mediastinal MPNST. Apart from CT scanning, the patient underwent MRI of the thoracic organs. MRI allows assessing the invasion of the neoplasm into the surrounding tissues. This cannot always be achieved by CT scans, including those with contrast enhancement. Invasion is an important component in the planning of further surgical treatment tactics.
CONCLUSIONS: MPNST is a tumor with an aggressive course and a poor prognosis due to resistance to therapy. This clinical case demonstrates a rare localized MPNST with a recurrent course and metastases to the lungs. The current radiological methods, such as CT and MRI, may be used effectively both for diagnosing MPNST and determining the appropriate surgical access to the lesion and the extent of surgery.
Hydraulic circuit for pulse flow simulation in the tissue-mimicking aortic phantom
Authors: Kodenko Maria  R. , Guseva Anastasia V.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is the gold standard in the diagnosis of most vascular pathologies. The optimal method to improve this technique is the use of anthropomorphic tissue-mimicking phantoms, since CTA is accompanied by radiation exposure and the risk of allergic reactions when using contrast agents. In addition to compliance with the X-ray properties of the vessel, the pulsations occurring in the aorta in vivo must be simulated. A review of existing solutions demonstrates a small number of national developments in this area at a relatively high cost of foreign analogues. Moreover, the lack of reproducible methodology for creating pulse flow simulation devices using available and inexpensive materials is worth noting.
AIM: To develop a hydraulic circuit to simulate pulse blood flow in a tissue-mimicking aortic phantom.
METHODS: A literature analysis of existing pulse flow simulation devices and tissue-mimicking phantoms of the abdominal aorta was conducted. The medical and technical requirements for the designed device were formulated. The control circuit was developed, the circuit element base was determined, and the hydraulic circuit prototype was assembled. Based on a literature review, a material suitable for reproducing the biomechanical characteristics of arterial tissue was selected. A simplified phantom of the abdominal aortic segment was made. The device model included a simplified abdominal aortic phantom, a control system, a pump, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, and a flow regulator. Initial testing of the developed circuit in the basic signal mode and in the real flow profile simulation mode was performed. The basic signals were periodic rectangular signals reproduced at different frequencies, simulating normal, rapid, and slow heart rate. Using pulse-width modulation, a profile of the pressure pulse wave was obtained.
RESULTS: The developed hydraulic circuit allowed successful reproduction of pressure and flow velocity profiles in a tissue-mimicking aortic phantom. Further development of the project will involve fabrication and validation of the circuit (using anthropomorphic versions of the phantom) and simulation of the angiographic study.
CONCLUSIONS: The results may be useful for the improvement of CTA techniques and the development of angiosurgical training stands.
Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint: An integrative approach
Authors: Dushkova Darya V. , Vasilev Yurii  A. , Lezhnev Dmitry  A.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: According to various data, orofacial diseases occur in the population in 20%85% of cases. The most common cause of maxillofacial pain unrelated to the dental system is temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, which is defined as a disruption of the anatomical relationship during natural movements. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the method of choice for diagnosing joint pathology.
AIM: MRI with static, pseudodynamic, and dynamic protocols were optimized for targeted diagnosis of TMJ dysfunction.
METHODS: Classical examination of the TMJ is performed in a closed and open mouth position. However, the images obtained do not reflect the location of the intra-articular disc at all stages of mandibular motion.
RESULTS: After a static examination in two oral positions, pseudodynamic sagittal T1 weighted imaging (WI) scans were obtained. The patient was asked to divide the movements from full closure to full mouth opening into five steps. The examination was conducted with the MRI operator and the patient acting together. The scans assessed the position and shape of the meniscus at five stages of mandibular movements. The performed program is leading in the assessment of the disc shape changes at each stage of the mouth opening. Wide coverage of the studied area allows to visualize both articular relations of internal structures and surrounding soft tissues, including contraction of the lateral wing muscle and superficial and deep parts of the masseter muscle. The final stage was a dynamic T2 WI scan performed by the patient individually. The obtained series of images represents sequential movements of the condyle, maximally approximating the natural mouth opening. The pulse sequence helps to assess the amplitude of motion of the mandibular condyle and hypermobility, which can be difficult when performing static images with standard mouth expanders.
CONCLUSIONS: An optimized dynamic and pseudodynamic TMJ study protocol is an essential part of the precise diagnosis of TMJ dysfunction and allows for differential diagnosis between muscle spasm and intra-articular disc adhesion and reliable visualization of intra-articular relationships during mouth opening.
Preparation of abdominal computed tomography data set for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Kodenko Maria  R. , Makarova Tatiana A.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are actively implemented in the processing and analysis of diagnostic medical images. The accuracy and reliability of AI algorithms are determined by the amount and quality of training data sets. Currently, a need exists for increased open access data sets, particularly abdominal aortic CT angiographic studies (CTA). Limitations of existing abdominal aortic CTA data sets are binary labeling (classification of the entire study) and small number of examinations. In addition, most examinations do not contain signs of aortic pathology, which, given its variability, significantly limits their use for AI training, since the target of such algorithms is the detection of pathology.
AIM: To prepare a CTA data set for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
METHODS: Using the CTA data set with sings of abdominal aortic aneurysm, the stages and features of data set creation for AI training in accordance with the methodological recommendations were considered. Given the basic diagnostic requirements for the selected clinical task, the terms of reference for the preparation of the data set were formed, the required sample size was calculated, and the optimal annotation scenario was determined. The next stage included the selection of initial CT data of abdominal organs in the Unified Radiology Information System, anonymization of data, semi-automatic labeling and of the area of interest (aortic wall and aortic bed) using the 3D Slicer tool and its verification by an examining radiologist, and documentation of intermediate results.
RESULTS: The calculated sample volume included 100 scans, containing the arterial phase, with a slice thickness of up to 1.2 mm. The balance of normal vs. pathology classes was chosen to be 1:4. Partial annotation of the data (50%) was performed.
CONCLUSIONS: A methodology for preparing CTA data sets was developed. The generated dataset, if the necessary procedures are followed, will be placed in the public domain and may be used for training and testing AI algorithms and conducting scientific research.
Intralobar pulmonary sequestration with a rare source of arterial supply
Authors: Vinokurov Anton  S. , Smirnova Alexandra D. , Belenkaya Olga  I. , Yudin Andrey  L.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary sequestration is one of the most common malformations of the lungs in clinical practice. However, difficulties are possible in the interpretation of the radiological data, which leads to a violation of the examination technique in such patients and, accordingly, to the lack of success of the therapy and proper routing.
AIM: To demonstrate the clinical case of a patient with intralobar pulmonary sequestration, describing the characteristic radiographic picture, and suggesting research methodology for the identified features of the aberrant vessel.
METHODS: Clinical and radiological data of a 27-year-old patient with acute respiratory symptoms and suspected abscessed pneumonia based on X-ray and computed tomography (CT) findings were presented. Due to the absence of clinical and radiological dynamics, atypical CT semiotics of abscesses, CT angiography of the thoracic aorta was performed after intravenous contrast enhancement with 80 ml of iodine-containing preparation (350 mg/mL).
RESULTS: A pulmonary tissue thickening was revealed in the lower left lobe with lumpy clear contours, which consisted of a system of cystic cavities with contents, particularly well differentiated after contrast enhancement. On the native study, an additional vascular structure following from the subdiaphragmatic space was traced paravertebrally, which was the reason for extending the CT angiography scanning area to the epigastric region of the abdomen. A large-caliber arterial vessel was detected, which departed as a branch from the celiac trunk and passed to the above-described thickening of the pulmonary tissue. The combination of these signs is typical for intrapulmonary sequestration.
CONCLUSIONS: The correct interpretation of the identified changes allowed the patient to be routed to a hospital with a thoracic surgery department, since the sequestration must be removed in the vast majority of cases to prevent recurrent inflammatory episodes. Extension of the scanning area below the diaphragm may be useful, since part of the sequesters is supplied with blood from the abdominal aorta and its visceral branches. This will prevent the need for repeat CT angiography, and information about the source of the blood supply is extremely important for surgeons.
Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysms in a retrospective chest computed tomography scan analysis
Authors: Solovev Alexander V. , Sinitsyn Valentin  E. , Petraikin Alexey  V. , Vladzymyrskyy Anton  A. , Reshetnikov Roman  V.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Aortic aneurysms, known as silent killers, are frequently asymptomatic, leading to vessel rupture and death. Annual rates for ruptures, stratifications, and sudden deaths are up to 3.6%, 3.7%, and 10.8%, respectively. Timely diagnosis and early treatment save a patients life. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies helps to detect aortic aneurysms, which significantly improves the quality of diagnosis and saves patients lives.
AIM: To assess the efficiency of using AI technologies to detect thoracic aortic aneurysms on chest computed tomography (CT) and determining the possibility of using AI technologies as an assistant to the radiologist during the primary description of radiological images.
METHODS: The study retrospectively assessed the results of AI technologies aimed at detecting thoracic aortic aneurysms on chest CT scans. No contrast enhancement was performed primarily. The sample consisted of 84,405 observations of patients over the age of 18 years; of these, 86 scans with thoracic aortic aneurysms were selected according to AI data. The selected examinations were retrospectively assessed by radiologists and vascular surgeons for the probable presence of a thoracic aortic aneurysm. In 44 cases, an aortic aneurysm was initially detected by the radiologist. In 31 cases, an aneurysm was not initially described by the radiologist, 6 were excluded from the sample (due to the absence of the radiologists report in the Unified Radiological Information Service), and 5 scans had false-positive results according to AI findings.
RESULTS: The use of AI technologies allows detection and labeling of pathological changes in the aorta on the images. AI technologies increase the detectability of thoracic aortic aneurysms in the description of chest CT scans by 38.8%. The incidence of ascending aortic aneurysm was 0.3%, which corresponded to the literature data of 0.16%1.6%. According to the results, 22 surgical interventions for aortic stenting were performed.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of AI in the primary chest CT description may help increase the detectability of clinically significant pathological conditions, such as thoracic aortic aneurysm. Further development of routing for this category of patients in the cito mode for surgical treatment is relevant. Expansion of retrospective screening by chest CT scans using AI systems will improve the quality of diagnosis of concomitant pathologies and prevent adverse outcomes for patients.
Software for brain tumor diagnosis on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Tuchinov Bair N. , Letyagin Andrey Yu. , Amelina Evgeniya V. , Amelin Mihail E. , Pavlovskiy Evgeniy N. , Golushko Sergey K.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: The main reason for the development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in neuro-oncology is the high prevalence of brain tumors reaching up to 200 cases per 100,000 population. The incidence of a primary focus in the brain is 5%10%; however, 60%70% of those who die from malignant neoplasms have metastases in the brain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most common method for primary non-invasive diagnosis of brain tumors and monitoring disease progression. One of the challenges is the classification of tumor types and determination of clinical parameters (size and volume) for the conduct, diagnosis, and treatment procedures, including surgery. AIM: To develope a software module for the differential diagnosis of brain neoplasms on MRI images. METHODS: The software module is based on the developed Siberian Brain Tumor Dataset (SBT), which contains information on over 1000 neurosurgical patients with fully verified (histologically and immunohistochemically) postoperative diagnoses. The data for research and development was presented by the Federal Neurosurgical Center (Novosibirsk). The module uses two- and three-dimensional computer vision models with pre-processed MRI sequence data included in the following packages: pre-contrast T1-weighted image (WI), post-contrast T1-WI, T2-WI, and T2-WI with fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery technique. The models allow to detect and recognize with high accuracy 4 types of neoplasms, such as meningioma, neurinoma, glioblastoma, and astrocytoma, and segment and distinguish components and sizes: ET (tumor core absorbing Gd-containing contrast), TC (tumor core) = ET + Necr (necrosis) + NenTu, and WT (whole tumor) = TC + Ed (peritumoral edema). RESULTS: The developed software module shows high segmentation results on SBT by Dice metric for ET 0.846, TC 0.867, WT 0.9174, Sens 0.881, and Spec 1.000 areas. The testing and validation were done at the international BraTS Challenge 2021 competition. The test dataset yielded DiceET 0.86588, DiceTC 0.86932, and DiceWT 0.921 values, placing the developed software module in the top ten. According to the classification, the results demonstrate high accuracy rates of up to 92% in patient analysis (up to 89% in slice analysis), a very high potential, and a perspective for future research in this area. CONCLUSIONS: The developed software module may be used for training specialists and in clinical diagnostics.
Prevalence of primary osteoarthritis of knee in tea garden community of Jorhat District, Assam
Authors: Gogoi Bikash Pratim , Buragohain Chao Rochek , Kalita Pranjeet , Tahbildar Pranjal
Published: July 2023

: The most prevalent form of degenerative joint disease, osteoarthritis (OA), is one of the major causes of pain and disability, particularly in middle-aged and older people. OA typically affects the knees, hips, spine, hands, and feet. The knee joint is one of the most commonly affected joint in the lower limb. Though OPD attendance due to OA is quite high, only a few community-based studies are available about its prevalence, especially in the North-Eastern states of India.

Assess prevalence of OA of Knee in the Tea Garden community of Jorhat district of Assam.

Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 320 adults living in various tea gardens in Jorhat District of Assam from June 2019 to May 2020. Diagnosis of OA was made using weight-bearing AP plain radiograph of both knees graded on the Kellgren and Lawrence Scale and WOMAC Score.

: Out of 320 adults examined, 29.4% have OA of knee. Prevalence was higher in females, and age more than 50 years.

: The burden of OA in this community is relatively high and appropriate measures must be taken to reduce it.
Comparative outcomes between adductor canal block versus periarticular nfiltration in management of post-operative total knee replacement analgesia
Authors: Patel Zulfikar M , Baldev Himalaya , Patel Nishil , Vinodbhai Parakhiya Brijesh , Patadia Neel Yogeshkumar
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate analgesic effects of adductor canal nerve block versus peri-articular infiltration on postoperative pain and functional outcome after total knee arthroplasty. The objective is to study the efficacy of Adductor Canal Nerve Block to provide similar or better reduction of pain as compared to Local Infiltration Analgesia To evaluate functional outcome by comparing WOMAC score, VAS score, time to first rescue analgesic administration, KSS and KSS (FUNCTIONAL) score as compared to LIA.
Total hip arthroplasty for neglected bed ridden case of ankylosing spondylitis - A case report
Authors: Keshkar Sanjay , Vidyarthi Amit Ranjan
Published: July 2023

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a disabling condition right from the involvement of spine and sacro-iliac (SI) joint. In severe form it involves hips, knees and other bigger joints which further compromises their posture and limits their mobility. Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is often a viable option in such cases to manage pain and restore function and mobility. We present a neglected bed ridden case of AS who underwent THA and after proper surgical and medical rehabilitation became mobile and independent.
Nem mind arany, ami fénylik. Vélt és valós belső tárgyas szerkezetek a magyarban
Authors: Farkas Imola Ágnes
Published: July 2023

Jelen tanulmány célja, hogy megvizsgálja a magyar nyelv belső tárgyas szerkezeteit. A két legterjedelmesebb részben a vélt, illetve a valós, főként tranzitív és tranzitivizáló belső tárgyas szerkezetekre összpontosít. Egy fontos következtetése az itt bemutatott elemzésnek, hogy a magyarban hiányoznak az aspektuális belső tárgyas szerkezetek, ahol a tárgy a prototípikus unergatív ige szemantikai és morfológiai másolata. A tanulmány külön kitér az él és a hal igékre épült szerkezetekre is.
Glosszák egy oxfordi rovásírás-ábécé történetéhez
Authors: Gömöri György
Published: July 2023

Ez a tanulmány egy újonnan felfedezett oxfordi kéziratot ismertet, amit William Poole (New College, Oxford) talált a Lincoln College archívumában. A Thomas Marshall kollégiumigazgató kötetében található rovásírás-ábécé szerzője Harsányi Nagy Jakab brandenburgi diplomata, és ez minden valószínűség szerint 1678-ból származik. Szerző szerint ez lehetett az alapja George Hickes oxfordi tudós 1703ؘ–1705-ben közzétett rovásírás-táblázatának.
A estrutura comparativa: um estudo sintático de carácter funcional
Authors: Silva Ana Alexandra
Published: July 2023

O estudo que agora se apresenta pretende fazer a caraterização sintática da estrutura comparativa. A perspetiva a adotar baseia-se no constructo teórico preconizado por A. Martinet (1978, 1979, 1985, 1985b), E. Alarcos (1982, 1996) , C. Hérnandez (1984, 1995) e S. Gutiérrez (1994, 1997a, 1997b). Sendo o estudo de cariz sintático, torna-se necessário proceder a uma identificação clara dos critérios a eleger, procedendo-se à análise da forma como as unidades se comportam, bem como os lugares funcionais que ocupam. Será efetuado um levantamento bibliográfico do conceito de que esta estrutura/construção tem sido alvo em diversas gramáticas, tanto de língua portuguesa, como de língua castelhana. A saber, Ali (1964), Cunha e Cintra (1987), Vilela (1995), Mateus (1989), Raposo (2013), C. Hernández (1984), Alarcos (1996). A perspetiva linguística foi fornecida por Narbona (1979, 1989) e Gutiérrez (1994, 1997a). Pretende-se demonstrar que a estrutura comparativa pode não ser veiculada, em exclusivo, por orações, daí a designação de estrutura. Considerou-se importante identificar os componentes formais, destacando as relações de determinação aí presentes, o que foi alcançado através da análise sintática de uma amostra selecionada de estruturas.
Apresentação
Authors: Cavaliere Ricardo
Published: July 2023

Apresentação à Confluência 65.
Общая характеристика конкурентного законодательства РФ
Authors: Мельников . М.Н
Published: July 2023

Актуальность выбранной тематики объясняется тем, что отечественное законодательство запрещает недобросовестную конкуренцию на территории Российской Федерации, ведь данная деятельность негативно сказывается на экономике страны и жизни ее граждан. Также это объясняется тем, что антимонопольное регулирование напрямую связано с экономической стабильностью в стране, что является одним из приоритетных направлений политики государства.
Проблемы правового регулирования искусственного интеллекта
Authors: Очур-оол Д. А
Published: July 2023

В статье анализируются проблемы правового регулирования искусственного интеллекта. Раскрыта дефиниция «искусственный интеллект». Определены этические вопросы использования робототехники. Рассмотрены вопросы юридической ответственности искусственного интеллекта за возможный вред жизни, здоровью или имуществу людей.
Криминологическая характеристика женской преступности
Authors: Панькова А.Ю
Published: July 2023

В настоящем исследовании анализируется, какие преступления наиболее часто женщины совершают, в частности, к таковым относятся: взяточничество, мошенничество, убийство ребенка. Установлено, что в последнее десятилетие увеличилось количество преступлений, совершаемых женщинами, а связано это с тем, что изменился социальный статус женщины в современном обществе. Приведен ряд причин, побуждающих женщин на совершение преступления. В целях предупреждения совершения преступлений женщинами автор предлагает увеличить число кризисных, реабилитационных центров, а также «бебибоксов»
Исторический аспект особого порядка судебного разбирательства
Authors: Рогава И.Г
Published: July 2023

В статье исследуется история становления и развития такой упрощенной уголовнопроцессуальной формы, как особый порядок судебного разбирательства. Определяется, что в нынешней форме рассматриваемый институт существует только в современном законодательстве. Делается вывод о том, что прототипом особого порядка выступил институт признания обвиняемым своей вины, который практически на всех этапах исторического развития признавался законодателем и служил основанием для рассмотрения уголовного дела в упрощенной форме
Правовое регулирование каршеринга в России: проблемы и перспективы развития
Authors: Суфиева А.Т.
Published: July 2023

В статье анализируются проблемы и перспективы развития правового регулирования каршеринга в России. Определено, что представляет собой каршеринг. Рассматриваются различные подходы относительно гражданско-правовой природы договора. Сделан вывод о том, что договор каршеринга следует квалифицировать как смешанный договор
О типичных способах совершения надругательств над телами умерших и местами их захоронения
Authors: Филиппова А.В. , Долженко Н.И.
Published: July 2023

Надругательство над телами умерших и над местами их захоронения как отдельный вид преступления против общественной нравственности, требует к себе особого внимания. Данные противоправные действия приводят к моральным и психологическим страданиям близких людей умершего, а также, в отдельных случаях, способны вызвать массовое недовольство среди определенных слоев населения по религиозным, идеологическим, политическим или национальным мотивам. В настоящей статье на примерах из правоприменительной практики выделены и рассмотрены типичные способы совершения надругательств над телами умерших и местами их захоронения
Зарубежный опыт интегрирования фактора учета военной подготовки в систему отбора кадров на службу в органы внутренних дел
Authors: Чимаров С.Ю.
Published: July 2023

В статье представлен анализ отдельных нормативно-правовых установлений зарубежных источников права в ряде государств на постсоветском пространстве, в части закрепления обязательности наличия опыта военной службы перед поступлением в ряды органов внутренних дел соответствующих стран. Выявляя особенности правового регламентирования по отмеченному вопросу, автор акцентирует внимание на целесообразности распространения указанного зарубежного опыта применительно к системе комплектования кадров органов внутренних дел Российской Федерации.
Negotiations as an alternative dispute settlement mechanism in business
Authors: Sagalaeva I.V , Pakulina A.V
Published: July 2023

The article is about the essence and features of negotiations in the settlement of business disputes. The characteristics of the stages of the negotiation process and the specifics, meaning of the agreement on their conduct are also described in this work.
The Effectiveness of Traplay on Depressive Symptoms and Grief of Bereaved Children in COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Didehban Neda , Afshani SeyedAlireza
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The consequences of COVID-19 pandemic disease are undeniable and as an important health care event, it has led to the spread of anxiety, depression, fear, and chronic worrying among children. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Traplay on depressive symptoms and grief of bereaved children in COVID-19 epidemic.
Methods: The present research was a quasi-experimental study. The statistical population of this study included all children aged 7 to 11 years without a father in 2021 in Yazd city. The study sample consisted of 30 children-parents who were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received 12 45-min sessions per week and the control group did not receive any intervention. In the pre-test and post-test stages, the groups responded to the Spuij et al. Prolonged Grief for Children Scale (2013), and the Kovacs Children's Depression Inventory (1977). The obtained data were analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results: Based on the results, the main effect of the treatment variable on the post-test scores of depression and bereavement symptoms was significant. The results also showed that the mean adjusted scores of depression post-test and grief symptoms in the experimental group was lower than the control group.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that Traplay treatment is effective in reducing the symptoms of depression and grief of bereaved children in COVID-19 pandemic. The educational method used has provided a suitable model to deal with these children.
Understanding the Elderly's Needs and Services regarding Services in Public Spaces in Yazd
Authors: Morowatisharifabad Mohammad Ali , Nasiriani Khadijeh , Dehnavi Ashraf Naimi
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Active aging is among the important concepts of health influenced by effective public services; understanding adults' needs and services are of great importance. This study aims to explain understanding older adults' needs for services in public places in Yazd city.
Methods: This qualitative study was done as conventional content analysis. Participants were 20 elderly people from Yazd selected by purposive sampling.  Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was done in three levels of open coding and formation of sub categories and main categories. The study was evaluated and approved by four criteria of creditability, tranformability, reliability, and confirmability.
 Results: In total, 564 open codes were extracted. Then, primary codes were compared based on similarity, compatibility, and appropriateness, and 66 subclasses were obtained. 14 main categories were obtained by compressing the subcategories. The 8 main categories regarding different services included:  healthcare, recreational, government agencies, transportation, communication and interaction, educational and research, religious and pilgrimage. In addition, regarding the older adults' needs, the 6 main categories included: improving the safety of places; providing effective education, mental, spiritual and social health development programs; improving services quality, reorganizing municipal services and provision of amenities.
Conclusion: Paying attention to the needs of the elderly is necessary in planning for  public spaces in cities. Regarding the need for comprehensiveness of services, it is suggested that the findings of this study be used in designing, implementing, and evaluating services in public places to their service needs and solve their problems.
Evaluating the Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies in Neonatal Live Births in Rafsanjan
Authors: Sameni Vahide Khadem , Ebrahimi Fatemeh , Ahmadinia Hassan , Tabatabei Seyed Zia
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Congenital anomalies are one of the important causes of disability and infant mortality. These abnormalities occur during egg fertilization or embryonic development, which can be detected by laboratory methods. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of congenital anomalies in Rafsanjan City.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 4868 infants born in Rafsanjan city in 2018. Data collection tool was a questionnaire including information about mothers and infants. The questionnaire was completed using health records available in health centers of Rafsanjan city. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and independent t-test and Chi-square.
Results: The results showed that the overall prevalence of congenital anomalies in Rafsanjan was 5/38 per 1000 live births. Out of 4868 pregnant women, 474 (9/7%), had abortions or stillbirths before the second trimester, and 12 (0/2%) had therapeutic abortions. After analyzing these anomalies, three cases of Down syndrome (trisomy 21), three cases of Edward syndrome (trisomy 18), one case of aneuploidy, and two cases of microcephaly were found, and the rest had one of the structural abnormalities..
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated a high rate of congenital anomalies in Rafsanjan. Therefore, further studies are recommended to better understand the causes and prevent these anomalies.