bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nomenclatural standards and genetic passports of potato cultivars bred by the Omsk Agrarian Research Center
Authors: Rybakov D. А. , Cheremisin A. I. , Antonova O. Yu. , Chukhina I. G. , Gavrilenko T. A.
Published: April 2023

In accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, five nomenclature standards were prepared for five potato сultivars* bred in the Omsk Agrarian Research Center: ‘Alena’, ‘Bylina Sibiri’, ‘Večernij Omsk’, ‘Triumf’, ‘Hozâûška’. Genetic passport of these five cultivars were carried out according to the new integrated strategy developed at VIR. According to the strategy, the plant material donated by the author of the cultivars to the VIR Herbarium was used for molecular genotyping. Genetic passports included data of allelic composition of eight chromosome specific microsatellite loci, markers of different types of organelle DNA, as well as data about diagnostic fragments of 15 markers of 11 R-genes conferring resistance to the most dangerous diseases and pests of potato: late blight, nematodes, potato X and Y viruses. Data from the developed genetic passports of five Omsk cultivars were compared to the results of genotyping of samples of the same cultivars obtained from different sources. Based on the analysis of pedigrees and genetic passports of these five cultivars we established the origin of their resistance to harmful organisms.
Метафора «війна проти коронавірусу» в українському та зарубіжному медійному просторі (2020–2021 рр.)
Authors: Semenets Olena
Published: April 2023

The main objective of the study is to reveal the specifics of the functioning of the metaphor “war against coronavirus” in Ukrainian mediatized discursive practices of 2020-2021 compared to the trends of using this metaphor in the media environment of Western countries. A research methodology is based on the approach of critical discourse analysis. The work also takes into account the results of the study of the «war against coronavirus» metaphor, conducted using the materials of public discourses in Italy, Bulgaria, and Greece. A comparative analysis of the specifics of the functioning of this metaphor in mediatized discursive practices was carried out by the author of the article as part of a joint study of an international team of scientists – a contextualized online dictionary «In Other Words» (https://www.iowdictionary.org). Mediatized discursive practices mean communications with a mass audience through various media platforms, i.e., not only through mass media, but also with the use of blogs, social networks, messengers, video hosting, etc. The findings of the study of “war” metaphors in the domestic official discourse on the problems of combating the Covid-19 pandemic during 2020-2021 are based on the analysis of public speeches and greetings presented on the official website “President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Official Internet representation”, as well as interviews of the President with leading domestic and foreign publications. The result of the research is the conclusion that, in general, the metaphor “war against the coronavirus” has not gained such widespread use in Ukrainian official, political, and media discursive practices as in Western countries. This is due to the fact that starting in 2014, Ukraine repels the military aggression of the Russian Federation in the east of the country. Therefore, in 2020–2021, the word war was actively used in the public and personal discourses of Ukrainians primarily not in a metaphorical, but in a direct, denotative sense: war as an armed struggle in the east of Ukraine. Key words: Covid-19, metaphor “war against coronavirus”, political discourse, President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy, mediatized discursive practices, critical discourse analysis.
Медіастандарти та фактчекінг в контексті психологічних бар’єрів, глибинних переконань та традицій
Authors: Smirnov Serhii
Published: April 2023

Denial by the Russians of the established facts of genocide and looting by their military in the Ukrainian cities and villages occupied by them and the belief in their version of some people and groups made the main objective of the study to find out to what extent media standards and information verification mechanisms work in conditions of deep convictions and the presence of psychological barriers. For this purpose, a task was chosen based on a politically neutral example that is understandable to the general public – the (non)existence of Santa Claus; verify its submission to the media with strict standards; find publications on this topic on fact-checking platforms; check the effectiveness of fact-checking tools. The methodological basis of the research was content and frame analysis of publications and news, factual, philological, semantic analyzes and an experiment – verification of publications using fact-checking tools. The result of the study was that deeply held beliefs, public opinion and pressure, and psychological barriers constitute a serious problem. It becomes difficult to publicize and promulgate the truth about the narrative supported by a large number of supporters with their statements, explanations and even events created for this. Even such media as AP or the fact-checking platform Politifact in such conditions deviate from the standards adopted for themselves. And even what started as a holiday joke – tracking Santa’s flight with NORAD radars – fact-checking tools will confirm that the radars are indeed tracking Russian planes and Santa Claus’ sleigh. The significance of the results is that the audience of the deliberate deception, which has accepted it as true, will defend it even in the face of irrefutable evidence. This is, in fact, the case with the genocide in Bucha and other cities of Ukraine, where Russians are trying to dispute the confirmed killings of civilians and looting by the Russian military. At the same time, taking this into account, it can also be assumed that a test that leads to a paradoxical conclusion (we know one thing but claim another) can become a tool for revealing the irrational deep beliefs of certain groups or societies and their causes or weaknesses. Key-words: social media, facts, fact check, media standards, fakes.
Сенситивне інтерв’ю: переживання колективної травми війни
Authors: Dvorianyn Paraskoviya
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the process of preparation and features of conducting interviews with persons who have fased traumatic experiences in war conditions. A comparative analysis of the typical interview and sensitive interview is presented, which allows journalists to comply with all requirements that would not harm interviewees and preserve the balance in the journalist-guest-audience triad. The essence of the new terminology that began to be used in Ukraine during the full-scale war – «journalism of trauma» and «collective trauma» – is revealed. Emphasis is put on society’s ability to experience and make sense of collective trauma through the stories of individuals told in sensitive interviews. Sensitive content is significant during the war, because through human stories and personal testimonies, the world gets an idea of horrors, so one can feel the fullness of this tragic stage in the country’s history. Russia’s war against Ukraine significantly changed the working conditions of journalists, because the need to cover tragic events (murders, rapes, shelling, destruction) forced media representatives to study new rules of communication. Sensitive interviews require more thorough preparation, often even contradicting the established rules that editorial offices have used for years. Reliving the trauma and strong emotions during such interviews can help society form a new experience if the interview is conducted properly, or retraumatize if the journalist has neglected important rules. Ukrainian interviewers gain this unique practice for world journalism every day, which makes scientific research relevant and necessary. Key words: interview; empathy; collective trauma; sensitive content; standards of journalistic creativity; war journalism.
Феноменологічний інструментарій ефективності девіатологічного контролювання впливу телевізійного тексту на формування емоційного тонусу суспільства
Authors: Kapelyushnyi Anatolyi
Published: April 2023

Main objectives of the study are the phenomenological tools of the effectiveness of deviatological control of the influence of television text on the formation of emotional tone of society. Particular attention is paid to the additional emotional meanings that arise when speaking live due to lack of time to understand them. Because of this, emotional nuances, and often the emotional background in general, arise involuntarily, against the wishes of the author. Emphasis is placed on making appropriate recommendations to TV journalists. During the Russian aggression in the Ukrainian media, the responsibility for maintaining the proper emotional tone of society is growing. Television plays an important role in Ukraine in this regard. Deviatological control of society is weakened, so more attention should be paid to professional organizations. Since we are talking about the effectiveness of deviatological control of the influence of television text on the formation of emotional tone of society, we must first keep in mind the phenomenological tools of this influence. Recently, phenomenological tools have been used more and more often during the analysis of journalistic texts in terms of the effectiveness of their impact on the mass audience. The methods of phenomenology prove to be the most effective when it comes to various aspects of spontaneous speech, which is represented in the mass media by live television broadcasting. Additional emotional meanings arise when speaking live because of the lack of time to understand them. Because of this, emotional nuances, and often in general the emotional background, which consists, at first glance, it is unknown what, arises involuntarily, against the wishes of the author. Most often, so involuntarily and contrary to out of nowhere negative color and negative emotional background. Thus, it is not a question of creating a positive emotional background in society. Even more, it is not even about an emotionally neutral perception of reality with elements of objectivity. Everything is extremely bad in our house and in the world. Results/findings and conclusions of my research: in order to improve live broadcasting, such application of phenomenological methods in the evaluation of the text from a deviatological point of view should take place at an early stage, and may precede it (the text) utterance. Key words: television, live broadcast, TV journalist, broadcast of television journalists, phenomenological tools, deviatological control, emotional tone of society.
Praktikalitas Pengembangan Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom berbantuan Media Interaktif pada Materi Bangun Ruang Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sari Syafni Gustina , Rozimela Yenni , Yerizon Yerizon
Published: April 2023

Model pembelajaran Flipped Classroom yang diterapkan selama ini sudah terbukti memberikan pengaruh yang sangat baik dalam pembelajaran. Namun, dari beberapa hasil penelitian yang dianalisis terdapat kelemahan dalam penggunaannya yaitu dituntutnya kemandirian siswa dalam mempelajari di rumah, namun hanya beberapa siswa memiliki kelemahan dalam belajar mandiri. Oleh sebab itu dikembangkan model pembelajaran Flipped Classroom berbantuan media interaktif.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model pembelajaran Flipped Classroom berbantuan media interaktif yang praktis. Penelitian ini hanya membahas tentang praktikalitas model pembelajaran Flipped Classroom berbantuan media interaktif karena untuk validitas model ini telah dibahas pada artikel sebelumnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model 4-D, yaitu Define, Design, develop and disseminate. Instrument penelitian ini adalah lembar praktikalitas guru dan siswa. Aspek yang di analisis adalah proses pembelajaran, penyajian materi, media pembelajaran, Latihan pada media, Bahasa, bentuk fisik dan manfaat. Dari hasil penelitian untuk model Flipped Classroom berbantuan media interaktif dapat dikatakan bahwa praktis karena dari aspek guru diperoleh persentase kepraktisan yaitu 96,875% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Sedangkan untuk aspek siswa diperoleh persentase kepraktisan sebesar 92,38% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Oleh sebab itu, model pembelajaran Flipped Classroom berbantuan media interaktif dapat digunakan di sekolah dasar.
How do Principals Help Teachers Be Happy? Japan-Pakistan Teacher Comparison
Authors: A. Khan Waqas , Kusakabe Tatuya , Manzoor Afaf
Published: April 2023

 This research compares how principals in Japan and Pakistan help teachers be happy at work. When principals are involved and supportive, teachers feel more motivated, appreciated, and encouraged, leading to higher job satisfaction and better performance. The study shows that principals in Japan are more supportive towards teachers than in Pakistan. Principal engagement and support are crucial for teachers' work and job satisfaction, which can influence a school's overall performance. 
The Central Asian Elements in the Accounts of Sallam’s Journey (9th – 16th Centuries)
Authors: Yan M.
Published: April 2023

This article examines the story of the itinerary of Abbasid Caliph al-Wathiq’s envoy accomplishing the mission to visit the defensive fortifications established by Alexander Macedonian on the border with peoples “Yajuj and Majuj”. Its topicality consists in the necessity to understand adequately the history of intercultural interactions among the residents of the Eurasia Steppe. This article aims to confirm that the accounts on the traveler’s experience reﬂex geographical objects of Central Asia and certain custom of the local ethnic groups. Variations of the descriptions on Sallam’s journey in Arabic geographical literature from 9th to 16th centuries, from one hand, and fragments from both Arabic geographic tradition and Chinese historical and geographical works which facilitate the interpretation of the narration of the landscape, settlements and the antique custom within the peoples of Central Asia, from the other hand, are studied. Comparative and chronological approaches are applied to date the episodes of the travel, while historical-ethnological method is employed to identify realistic components in the mythological extract from Sallam’s journey. It is concluded that the story of the travel had reﬂected the effect of wind erosion on the Central Asian desert as well as history of conquest of the transport artery between Pamir and the Heartland of China by the Tibetans, and moreover, the typical ritual gestures which sometimes permitted the Sogidans to get rid of a complicated political dilemma.
On modernistic reception of Falsafa’s interpretation of creation
Authors: Ibrahim T. , Efremova N. V.
Published: April 2023

This publication is a part of a cycle dedicated to revealing the reform potential of Falsafa, the hellenizing school of Philosophical Theology in classical Islam, the greatest representatives of which were al-Farabi (d. 950), Ibn Sina (Avicenna; d. 1037) and Ibn Rushd (Averroes; d. 1198). A notable number of concepts characteristic of this school (including those traditionally qualified as heterodox) turned out to be in demand by modernists of the 19th–20th centuries, who advocated an inclusive-intellectualist reconstruction of theological discourse.

The article highlights the reformist appeal to the Falsafa’s thesis about the eternity of creation, as well as relevant issues related to the demonstration of the existence of God as an Necessary Being and the interpretation of His fundamental attributes (knowledge, power and will). Mostly this intention is analyzed the theological legacy of two main founders of Islamic modernism – J. al-Afghani (1838/1839–1897) and his disciple and closest associate M. Abduh (1849–1905; Egypt). The wide scope of this intention is illustrated by the works of their prominent contemporaries, such as Sh. al-Numani (India) and Sh. al-Marjani (Russia).
Beyond financial knowledge and IQ: The effect of temporal values on pension planning, homeownership and financial wealth of natives and immigrants in the Netherlands
Authors: Zheng Yeqiu , Gu Yan , van Soest Arthur
Published: April 2023

We study pension planning and financial wealth of natives and immigrants (N=1177) in the Netherlands, in relation to their temporal values (past/future-focused), financial knowledge, IQ, and other individual characteristics. We find that, compared to natives, immigrants are less financially literate and rely more on the government for their retirement income, but are more future-focused and think more about their retirement. Second, controlling for financial knowledge, IQ, saving intention, health, self-control and demographic factors, temporal values help to predict many aspects of pension planning: how much people think about retirement, their desired retirement age, whether they develop a plan to save for retirement, perceived saving adequacy, and home ownership. Furthermore, temporal values predict savings and financial wealth in 2016 and 2020, even after controlling for the financial situation in 2016. In conclusion, habitually attending to the past leads people to give less priority to the future compared to the past, which has consequences for people’s planning and behaviour such as retirement planning and financial well-being. Our results have strong implications for policies related to pension communication and contribute to the theory on relationships between economic decisions, time and cognition.
Memaksimalkan Penggunaan Media Sosial Dengan Baik Dan Benar
Authors: ramadhani rani
Published: April 2023

Media sosial (social media) merupakan sesuatu yang tidak asing lagi bagi masyrakat di Indonesia, tentu masyarakat mungkin masih mengingat bahwa sebelumnya media sosial hanya untuk berkirim pesan elekronik melalui email dan chatting. Perkembangan teknologi informasi saat ini berkembang sangat pesat sekali. Adapun teknologi informasi itu seperti media sosial, yang merupakan aplikasi yang diciptakan untuk mempermudah pekerjaan kita sebagai penggunanya. Hasil inovasi di bidang teknologi informasi dalam mengembangkan perangkat lunak telah mempersingkat umur teknis dan umur ekonomis dari perangkat lunak maupun perangkat keras sebelumnya. Kenyataan ini membawa pengguna (end user) selalu berlomba-lomba untuk meningkatkan pengguaan teknologi terbaru tersebut. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi informasi media sosial yang semakin pesat ini, secara perlahan membuat penggunanya semakin ketergantungan untuk menggunakan media sosial. Kenyataan ini membawa dampak positif dan dampak negatif bagi pengguna (end user). Penggunaan media sosial membawa begitu banyak kemudahan bagi penggunanya. Dengan segala fasilitas yang disediakan oleh media sosial. Namun dibalik kemudahan tersebut kehadiran media sosial juga membawa sisi buruk bagi perilaku penggunannya. Dampak yang paling nyata dan merusak adalah dengan media sosial penggunanya dapat langgsung mengakses konten-konten asusila yang tak bermoral yang dengan mudah dapat diakses dengan melalui internet. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengkaji perilaku penggunaan media sosial pada kalangan remaja pendekatan model of Everyday life information studi kasus pada Kampus, dan kemudian diuji dengan Analisis Jalur menggunakan Software Analysis of Moment Structure.
The wise and experienced bird that entertains readers
Authors: Nguyen Huyen Thanh Thanh
Published: April 2023

The book encourages us to be our best selves and to strive for greatness in all aspects of our lives.
Strategi Good Attitude
Authors: Riwan Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Good Attitude mengacu pada pendekatan yang positif dan penuh hormat terhadap diri sendiri dan orang lain, yang tercermin dalam perilaku dan tindakan seseorang. Goood Attitude termasuk jujur, berempati, rendah hati, hormat, sabar, dan toleran terhadap orang lain. Good Attitude juga termasuk memiliki pola pikir yang berkembang, berpikiran terbuka, dan memiliki kemauan untuk belajar dan berkembang.Di era sekarang ini, memiliki Good Attitude menjadi lebih penting dari sebelumnya. Dengan meningkatnya keragaman dan keterkaitan dunia, sangat penting untuk memiliki pendekatan yang positif dan saling menghormati terhadap orang-orang dari latar belakang dan budaya yang berbeda. Selain itu, sifat masyarakat modern yang serba cepat dan terus berubah mengharuskan individu untuk mudah beradaptasi, fleksibel, dan mau belajar serta berkembang.Memiliki Goood Aattitude juga dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap kesuksesan pribadi dan profesional seseorang. Good Attitude dapat membantu individu membangun hubungan yang kuat, membangun reputasi yang positif, dan meningkatkan peluang untuk berkembang dan maju.Secara keseluruhan, memiliki Good Attitude sangat penting untuk menjalani kehidupan yang memuaskan dan sukses, baik secara pribadi maupun profesional. Hal ini membutuhkan refleksi diri yang konstan, kemauan untuk belajar dan berkembang, serta komitmen untuk memperlakukan orang lain dengan hormat dan baik.
Making Mistakes: Constructing Algorithmic Errors to Understand Sociotechnical Power
Authors: Ananny Mike
Published: April 2023

From law and politics to commerce and art, algorithms are powerful sociotechnical forces. But what does it mean when algorithms “fail”? What do we learn about sociotechnical dynamics when algorithms are seen to have erred or made a mistake? Seeing algorithms as culture, I argue that algorithmic errors are constructs of inter- twined computational, psychological, organizational, infrastructural, discursive, and normative forces. Through three stories of error, I show algorithmic failures as illustrations not only of algorithmic power but also of normative forces that de- ﬁne success, rationalize iteration, and distribute harm. Instead of seeing algorithmic errors as unavoidable parts of technological innovation or self-evident transgressions, I instead see them as evidence of how people think systems should work, and the power to declare failures, trigger ﬁxes, and envision futures by discovering and repairing mistakes. This power to “make mistakes" is a crucial and largely understudied form of sociotechnical control.
PERILAKU HARIAN BEKICOT (Achatina fulica) DAN INTERAKSINYA DENGAN MANUSIA
Authors: YUNADIA
Published: April 2023

Bekicot (Achatina fulica) dalam ilmu biologis adalah hewan yang memiliki tubuh yang lunak atau hewan mollusca. Pada saat malam hari, Achatina fulica akan beraktivitas aktif, eliminatif, makan dan inaktif. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku harian Achatina fulica. Sedangkan manfaat penelitian ini adalah kita dapat memahami perilaku harian Achatina fulica, interaksi Achatina fulica dengan manusia serta faktor biotik dan abiotik dalam membentuk perilaku Achatina fulica. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif, yang hanya memiliki satu subjek. Penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis dan menyajikan data dengan sistematik, hingga dalam memahami dan menyimpulkannya lebih mudah. Pengamatan perilaku Achatina fulica dilakukan pada jam 04.00, 07.00, 16.15, 18.00 dan jam 21.00 selama 3 hari.
The Structure of Aggressive Personality
Authors: Chester David , Crowe Michael L , Hyatt Courtland , Miller Joshua
Published: April 2023

Objective: Measures and models of trait aggression have multiplied to the point of incoherence. We sought to factor analyze a broad array of aggression measures to identify a comprehensive, coherent factor structure for this construct.Method: In Study 1, a diverse sample of 922 undergraduates completed a battery of items acquired from 42 self-report aggression questionnaires. In Study 2, we administered a curated item pool to another diverse sample of 1,447 undergraduates, alongside criterion measures.Results: We curated an initial item pool of 734 items down to 289 items that exhibited sufficient variability, were not redundant with other items, and possessed strong loadings onto a central ‘trait aggression’ factor. These remaining items were best characterized by a six factor structure, which captured Relational, Angry, Violent, Retaliatory, Intimate Partner, and Alcohol forms of aggression. We estimated their hierarchical structure, correlations with parent scales, Five Factor Model trait dimensions, impulsivity facets, and found them to be robust to gender composition and the inclusion of alcohol-naive and intimate-partner-naive participants.Conclusions: This factor structure mostly supported widely-accepted models of aggressive personality that focus on its overt and relational forms and reactive functions, though proactive aggression only loosely emerged as a distinct entity. We retained the final items as the Comprehensive Aggression Scale (CAS).
Social Victimization, Default Mode Network Connectivity, and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Adolescents
Authors: Saxena Abhishek , Liu Shangzan , Handley Elizabeth D. , Dodell-Feder David
Published: April 2023

Background and Hypothesis: Social victimization (SV), the experience of physical and/or psychological harm arising from adverse social experiences (e.g., bullying), has been associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLE). Similarly, abnormal resting state neural connectivity has been linked to increased SV and PLE. Yet, research has not directly examined the connections between SV, neural connectivity, and PLE. We test whether SV increases PLE through neural networks central to socio-affective processes, specifically the default mode (DMN) and salience networks (SAN) in a diverse nationwide sample of adolescents.Study Design: Utilizing two-year follow-up data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, we use structural equation modeling to examine if a latent SV factor is associated with PLE, whether this association was mediated by the DMN and/or SAN, and whether these findings were consistent across three racial groups (Black, Hispanic, and White).Study Results: The latent SV factor (peer victimization, discrimination) was significantly associated with PLE outcomes. Simultaneous mediation analyses indicated that the DMN mediated the SV-PLE association (accounting for approximately 1% of the association) while the SAN did not. Multigroup testing found that while Black and Hispanic adolescents experienced SV differently than their White peers, the DMN mediated the effect of SV on PLE for all racial groups. Conclusions: These cross-sectional results highlight the importance SV, and its potential impact on social cognitive neural networks, for psychosis risk. Future work is needed to evaluate putative causal associations and the other factors that explain variance in adolescent PLE.
Seeing the forest but naming the trees: An object-over-place bias in learning noun labels
Authors: Lin Yi , Dillon Moira Rose
Published: April 2023

Objects and places are foundational spatial domains represented in human symbolic expressions, like drawings, which show a prioritization of depicting small-scale object shape information over the large-scale navigable place information in which objects are situated. Is there a similar object-over-place bias in language? Across six experiments, adults and 3- to 4-year-old children were asked either to extend a novel noun in a labeling phrase, to extend a novel noun in a prepositional phrase, or to simply match pictures. To dissociate specific object and place information from more general figure and ground information, participants either saw scenes with both place information (a room) and object information (a block in the room), or scenes with two kinds of object information that matched the figure-ground relations of the room and block by presenting an open container with a smaller block inside. While adults showed a specific object-over-place bias in both extending novel noun labels and matching, they did not show this bias in extending novel nouns following prepositions. Young children showed this bias in extending novel noun labels only. Spatial domains may thus confer specific and foundational biases for word learning that may change through development in a way that is similar to that of other word-learning biases about objects, like the shape bias. Together, these results expand the symbolic scope of prior studies on object biases in drawing to object biases in language, and they expand the spatial domains of prior studies characterizing the language of objects and places.
Cognitive Metascience: A New Approach to the Study of Theories
Authors: Miłkowski Marcin
Published: April 2023

In light of the recent credibility crisis in psychology, this paper argues for a greater emphasis on theorizing in scientific research. Although reliable experimental evidence, preregistration, methodological rigor, and new computational frameworks for modeling are important, scientific progress also relies on properly functioning theories. However, the current understanding of the role of theorizing in psychology is lacking, which may lead to future crises. Theories should not be viewed as mere speculations or simple inductive generalizations.To address this issue, the author introduces a framework called “cognitive metascience,” which studies the processes and results of evaluating scientific practice. This study should proceed both qualitatively, as in traditional science and technology studies and cognitive science, and quantitatively, by analyzing scientific discourse using language technology.By analyzing theories as cognitive artifacts that support cognitive tasks, this paper aims to shed more light on their nature. This perspective reveals that multiple distinct theories serve entirely different roles, and studying these roles, along with their epistemic vices and virtues, can provide insight into how theorizing should proceed. The author urges a change in research culture to appreciate the variety of distinct theories and to systematically advance scientific progress.
Support (= Light) Verbs
Authors: Mel'čuk Igor
Published: April 2023

The paper proposes a formal definition of support verb as (roughly) a semantically empty verb serving as a syntactic “prop” to a predicative noun such that the phrase V(support)(N) + N is synonymous with the verb V0 derived form N: ‘V(support)(N) + N’ = ‘V0(N)’, as in ‘to give an order’ = ‘to order’ or ‘to receive an order’ = ‘to be ordered’. The following points are discussed: support verbs as collocates, representation of support verbs in terms of lexical functions, semantic and syntactic properties of support verbs, semantic additions to support verbs (in particular, causation and phasic meanings), realization verbs, and the role of support verbs in theoretical and applied linguistics.
Il modo congiuntivo: il caso della lingua polacca e italiana
Authors: Paliczuk Aleksandra
Published: April 2023

Le lingue naturali differiscono non solo nel lessico, ma anche, o forse soprattutto, nella grammatica. L’importanza di alcune strutture grammaticali o la loro frequenza d'uso possono variare tra le lingue. Ci sono lingue che le usano o le descrivono in modo diverso. Nella grammatica polacca contemporanea non troviamo informazioni sul modo congiuntivo. Tuttavia, cercando di confrontarla con altre lingue, come l’italiano, notiamo alcuni fenomeni nella lingua polacca che non sono formalmente descritti, eppure assomigliano al congiuntivo. Tuttavia, un ricercatore, che consulterebbe studi precedenti, potrebbe scoprire che la descrizione della grammatica polacca è cambiata in modo abbastanza significativo e potrebbe essere in grado di effettuare alcune nuove osservazioni. Questo testo è un tentativo di mostrare che nonostante la mancanza di una descrizione formale la lingua polacca usa il congiuntivo, ciò si evince in base ad un confronto con la lingua italiana.
Locations of the first opera performances: from elitism to general availability
Authors: Chekan Yurii
Published: April 2023

Relevance of the study. The object of research in the history of music usually is the spiritual component of artistic culture, it's genre- and style-centric processes of the art itself. Specific conditions of artistic artifacts's existence, locations where the premiere and subsequent performances took place, draw less scientific attention. At the same time, without taking this information into account, the musico-historical aspects of the past appear devalued and deformed; certain things remain not understood completely, certain moments fall out of sight.

The purpose of the study. It is extremely important to study the components of the infrastructure of musical life as a way of existence of musical culture. The opera theatre is one of the basic components of the infrastructure of the musical life of modern Europe. This study is based on generalization and system analysis methods. Attention is focused on the parametric characteristics of the locations of the first opera performances, where the requirements for future opera houses were formed. In particular, performances that took place in adapted palace premises ("Euridice" by Peri — Florence, Palazzo Pitti, Sala delle Commedie; "Orpheus" by Monteverdi — Mantua, Palazzo Gonzaga, chambers of Margarita Gonzaga d'Este; "Saint Alexius" by Landi — hall of the palace Barberini alle Quattro Fontane) and court theaters mainly of the Renaissance type ("Il rapimento di Cefalo" by Caccini — Florence, Teatro degli Uffizi; "Ariadne" by Monteverdi — Mantua, temporary theatre on the Cortile della Cavallerizza).

The results and conclusions. It is emphasized that the implementation of the essential functions of the opera genre in the New European culture (the development of the anthropo-dimensional space by musical means, the creation of generalized stylistic norms of opus music and ensuring the stability of the formed tradition) is possible under the condition of provided reach and continuous professional development. It is noted that the reach is determined, firstly, by the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the audience and, secondly, by the significant volume of body of the texts. Both of these factors, being prepared in the locations of the first opera performances, were fully developed and realised in the following period, marked by the appearance of publicly accessible opera houses, the first of which was the San Cassiano theater in Venice (1637).
Without journalists, there is no journalism: the social dimension of generative artificial intelligence in the media
Authors: Peña-Fernández Simón , Meso-Ayerdi Koldobika , Larrondo-Ureta Ainara , Díaz-Noci Javier
Published: April 2023

The implementation of artificial intelligence techniques and tools in the media will systematically and continuously alter their work and that of their professionals during the coming decades. To this end, this article carries out a systematic review of the research conducted on the implementation of AI in the media over the last two decades, particularly empirical research, to identify the main social and epistemological challenges posed by its adoption. For the media, increased dependence on technological platforms and the defense of their editorial independence will be the main challenges. Journalists, in turn, are torn between the perceived threat to their jobs and the loss of their symbolic capital as intermediaries between reality and audiences, and a liberation from routine tasks that subsequently allows them to produce higher quality content. Meanwhile, audiences do not seem to perceive a great difference in the quality and credibility of automated texts, although the ease with which texts are read still favors human authorship. In short, beyond technocentric or deterministic approaches, the use of AI in a specifically human field such as journalism requires a social approach in which the appropriation of innovations by audiences and the impact it has on them is one of the keys to its development. Therefore, the study of AI in the media should focus on analyzing how it can affect individuals and journalists, how it can be used for the proper purposes of the profession and social good, and how to close the gaps that its use can cause.
Interdepartmental interaction as an effective way of prevention of columbine among young people in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra
Authors: Trukhina Olga Igorevna
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the effectiveness of the struggle of the regional authorities of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra with the destructive movement of Columbine, which is rapidly gaining momentum in Russia. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that even despite a number of measures taken at the federal, regional and local levels immediately after a whole wave of massacres in Russian schools in the period 2014-2018, even in 2022 there are repeated precedents of seizures and murders of schoolchildren, as well as teachers within the Columbine subculture. At the same time, the content of the work focuses on the experience of interaction between the public regional departments of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra among themselves, as well as with local authorities and organizations to prevent cases of columbine among the youth.
Memória e ditadura no Brasil: o documentário como testemunho contra o esquecimento
Authors: Couto Beatriz , Missau Lucas Durr
Published: April 2023

Este artigo busca compreender a relação entre o documentarista e o papel do testemunho como forma de lidar/combater o esquecimento em períodos de regimes políticos autoritários, neste caso, a Ditadura Civil Militar no Brasil (1964-1985). Para isso utilizamos os documentários Marighella (2012), Os dias com ele (2013) e Diário de uma busca (2010) e as entrevistas realizadas entre julho e agosto de 2020 com as diretoras dos respectivos filmes como objetos dessa discussão.
Redes sócio-tecno-ambientais: um estudo de caso
Authors: Melo da Silva Dayana Karla
Published: April 2023

Com base em um estudo de caso da iniciativa Cidade Azul, que atua na cidade de São Paulo mapeando cursos de água com o auxílio de dispositivos e arquiteturas digitais, buscou-se investigar as possíveis conexões entre pessoas e territórios que se dão por intermédio dessas tecnologias. Tanto os fundamentos teórico-epistemológicos quanto os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados se apoiam em abordagens que evidenciam a inter-relação entre humano, técnica e ambiente, igualmente demonstrada na pesquisa.
A contra-argumentação histórica no cinema de Gu da Cei
Authors: Shinoda Camilla , Medrado Allex
Published: April 2023

O artigo realiza uma análise fílmica do curta “História de Ceilândia contada por pioneiros”, de Gu da Cei, de modo a caracterizá-lo como um ensaio fílmico, explicitando a subjetividade periférica que elabora um pensamento sobre a história oficial de Brasília. Essa leitura não subalternizada do acervo contido no Arquivo Público do Distrito Federal faz emergir também as subjetividades dos pioneiros. O diálogo entre as duas subjetividades subalternizadas presente no filme produz um processo de subjetivação política.
Sobre não conhecer e prestar atenção: como caminhar em um mundo possível
Authors: Ingold Tim
Published: April 2023

Conhecimento e sabedoria frequentemente operam com propósitos cruzados. Em particular, sabedoria significa virar-se em direção ao mundo, prestando atenção às coisas que encontramos lá, enquanto com o conhecimento nós viramos nossas costas para elas. Conhecimento floresce sobre a certeza e previsibilidade. Porém, em um certo mundo onde tudo é integrado [joined up], nada poderia viver ou crescer. Se um mundo de vida é necessariamente incerto, ele também se abre à pura possibilidade. Para chegar em tal possibilidade, contudo, nós temos que repensar a relação entre fazer e sofrer [undergoing], ou entre modelos intencionais e atencionais de ação. Eu mostro como a atenção corta uma estrada longitudinalmente através das conexões transversais entre intenções e seus objetos. Onde a intenção é preditiva, atenção é antecipatória. E se o outro lado da predição é a falha da ignorância, o outro lado da antecipação é a possibilidade de não saber. A ideia de que conhecimento preditivo demanda explicação perpetua a equação do não-saber com a ignorância. Educação, ciência e o Estado são poderosas máquinas para a perpetuação da ignorância. Eu argumento, entretanto, que ignorância e não-saber são coisas inteiramente diferentes. Em um mundo de vida, não-saber não denota ignorância, mas a sabedoria que reside em atentar para as coisas.
On the Relevance of Niccolò Machiavelli's Understanding of Time for Contemporary Politics
Authors: Schmid Benjamin
Published: April 2023

Niccolò Machiavelli's political thoughts are based on a specific understanding of time. Whoever wants to make use of his conclusions must therefore be aware of his premises in order not to run the risk of misinterpreting them. Even if the Florentine does not develop an explicit theory of time, statements about the meaning of time can be found implicitly in his entire oeuvre. In three steps, this article will present the main features of Machiavelli's understanding of time, an explanation of the significance of time in contemporary politics, and an answer to the question ‘How to proceed with Machiavelli and his political thoughts?’ With regard to his understanding of time, Machiavelli's political thoughts will not be presented as a guide for the challenges of contemporary politics but as a distorted reflection of a distant mirror.
Clinical trial implementation: a primer for neurosurgeons
Authors: Jimenez Adrian E. , Kotecha Rupesh , Mukherjee Debraj
Published: April 2023

In the current landscape of evidence-based medicine, prospective clinical trials are an important avenue through which to establish the efficacy and safety of biomedical treatments compared with standard-of-care interventions. Depending on their scope and aims, clinical trials can be extremely costly and time intensive, and significant coordination is needed to ensure optimal utilization of healthcare resources, adherence to the principles of biomedical ethics, and appropriate interpretation of study results. This review highlights the core principles for designing and implementing clinical trials within neurosurgery, with the aim to provide clinicians with a framework for implementing both investigator-initiated and industry-sponsored trials.
Ways of constitutionalization of Russian justice
Authors: Malina Maxim A.
Published: April 2023

The article justifies the approach, according to which in order to achieve a fair structure of public life, it is necessary to ensure the full implementation in reality of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The most acute issue of achieving justice is in relation to judicial activity. Therefore, the task of constitutionalization Russian justice comes to the fore here. This process is investigated in the scope of the legislative branch and in the scope of the judicial branch and on this basis the main ways to solve this problem are determined. Particular attention is paid to the study of the role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, as well as the jury trial
Powerful incentive for legal research in Military Science Military Law: in 3 vols / under the general editorship of A.N. Savenkov, A.V. Kudashkin (Moscow: Center for legal communications, 2021–2022)
Authors: Chemezov Sergey
Published: April 2023

The review notes that an epoch-making event took place in Russian science - a three-volume monograph “Military Law” was published under the general editorship of A.N. Savenkov and A.V. Kudashkin. The relevance of the study is due to the profound transformation of modern international relations, in which the Russian Federation is included, and their adequate reflection in the system of domestic relations of the Russian state. Assessing the contribution of the reviewed work to military science, the author emphasized the global coverage of the study of almost all objective reality related to the functioning of the military organization of the state, and the conditions in which this functioning occurs. On the basis of theoretical analysis, the team of authors managed to identify the main core, the essence of Military Law – the law of armed conflicts. For the first time in legal science, the military-industrial complex (MIC) as a state and social phenomenon has found its place as an object of fundamental legal research. Of scientific value is the study by the authors of the peer-reviewed monograph of the sanctions regimes in force against Russian defense industry organizations, as well as issues of legal support for military-technical cooperation. The conclusion is formulated that the author’s team, led by A.N. Savenkov and A.V. Kudashkin, conducted a fundamental military-theoretical study that includes all the legal issues of ensuring the country’s defense and state security in the functioning of the military organization of the Russian state, which will serve as a powerful incentive for subsequent legal research in military science
A fundamental scientific work was published, which proved Fermat’s legal theorem Military Law: in 3 vols / under the general editorship of A.N. Savenkov, A.V. Kudashkin
Authors: Pligin Vladimir N.
Published: April 2023

The three-volume monograph “Military Law” presents a large-scale fundamental study of military law, its genesis, theory, proving its independence as a branch of the Russian legal system, substantiates the conceptual and practical understanding of the essence of modern Military Law and its place in the legal system. The groups of military legal relations that make up the main subject area of Military Law are studied. The main problems and current directions of military-legal research are revealed
Motherhood and childhood as a basis for family policy: modernity and historical heritage
Authors: Letova Nataliya V.
Published: April 2023

The article examines the trends in the development of social, including family, state policy at the present stage, taking into account the analysis of the novelties of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Special attention Special attention is paid to the family, the institution of marriage based on traditional family values, children, ensuring the priority protection of their rights. The author reveals the features of providing social assistance to families with children, taking into account the development of legislation and the preservation of the historical heritage in the relevant norms on the protection of motherhood and childhood. The conclusion about influence of the legal status of the family, children on the order of measures of social assistance and support provided to them, determined depending on certain conditions and criteria, is substantiated, the fundamental importance of theoretical research on morality and ethics, their essential influence on the content of the law, on the formation of family politics and the spiritual basis of society and the state