bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Transformations of Gwyn ap Nudd
Authors: Rüdiger Angelika Heike
Published: November 2021

Characteristics of characters used over time in prose and poetry of course change as the stories are repeated. These transformations multiply when the oral and literary traditions affect one another, and the character of Gwyn ap Nudd (king of Annwn and king of the Tylwyth Teg) falls into this category. Gwyn is found in the prose and poetry traditions of the medieval period (Bartrum 1993: 351; Foster 1953; Roberts 1980/81; Rüdiger 2012).

The adoption of this figure by the neo-Pagan movement in the first half of the last century is a reflection of beliefs that interpret medieval Welsh characters as ancient gods or goddesses (Hutton 1999: 192; Rüdiger 2012: 68-77). Yet it is the nineteenth-century Welsh scholars who are largely responsible for inducing this development, which gives characters a new meaning. This essay explores these developments in the character of Gwyn ap Nudd, from the oldest texts, through the work of John Rhŷs, to Robert Graves and Gerald Gardner and the neo-Pagans.
Drifting towards Ambiguity: A Closer Look at Palatalisation in L2 Irish
Authors: Snesareva Marina
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on palatalisation in the Irish spoken by Dublin-based bilinguals for whom English is their first language. All informants had a good knowledge of both Irish and English; however, Irish was their second language, used less frequently in everyday communication. Most Dubliners start learning Irish at school; only a few informants had the opportunity to speak it at home, but even then the language was not used outside class on a regular basis. The study showed that most deviations in the distribution of palatalised and non-palatalised consonants in the speech of Dublin bilinguals were of the palatalisation absence type. Such deviations were especially frequent next to back and mid-back vowels. On the other hand, a palatalised consonant was often pronounced instead of a non-palatalised one next to a front vowel. Previous research suggests that these tendencies also apply in weak positions (Snesareva 2014a; 2014b). Consequently, even though in traditional Irish dialects palatalisation is not position-bound, in the speech of Dublin bilinguals there is correlation between the palatalisation of a consonant and the quality of its neighbouring vowel. However, such consonant distribution was not encountered in all contexts: even those informants whose speech had deviations used palatalisation properly in some contexts. This means that position-bound use of palatalisation is still a tendency rather than an entrenched feature of Dublin Irish.
Foreword
Authors: Lynch Peredur
Published: November 2021

Foreword to the Proceedings of the 7th International Colloquium of the Societas Celto-Slavica
Study on the Adaptability of Extracting Steam and Heat Return Pipe System of Heating Unit
Authors: Zhai Liming , Chen Yaosen , Li Zhiwei , Chen Xiaochen , Wang Jiongming , Chen Yinmi , Yang Chanli , Liao Jingming , Xia Xiaosong , Wang Xiaojia
Published: November 2021

In view of the insufficient heating capacity of a supercritical 600 WM unit, it is necessary to determine whether the equipment of the extraction and return heat pipe system can operate normally after the transformation, so as to check the adaptability of the extraction and return heat pipe system equipment of the heating unit. Based on the actual situation and heat balance before and after the transformation of the heating system, this study selects the extracting steam and heat return pipe system of the heating units at all levels, and makes adaptive accounting from the design parameters of the pipeline, and the calculations of steam flow rates or pipe diameters of the pipeline, which provide scientific basis and evaluation for the feasibility of the retrofit scheme.
Influence of Protean and Boundaryless Career Dimensions on Career Satisfaction
Authors: Fryczyńska Marzena
Published: November 2021

The aim of the article is to assess the extent to which employee career satisfaction depends on the implementation of new career models, i.e. the protean career and the boundaryless career. In order to achieve this goal, the article reviews the literature and research in this area and formulates research hypotheses assuming the impact of each dimension of both career models on career satisfaction. To test the hypotheses, an empirical PAPI study was conducted among 239 postgraduate students. Statistical analyses carried out on the collected empirical data show that a self–directness and boundaryless mindset have a positive impact on career satisfaction, while organizational mobility has a negative impact.
ICT Labor Market Needs: The Gap in Secondary School Graduate Soft Skills as a Challenge for the Educational System
Authors: Czainska Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the topic of soft competences that should be acquired by secondary school students planning a professional career in the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) sector. In connection with the assumed goal, the paper describes key trends on the labor market in the ICT sector, indicates soft skills related to those trends as identified, and presents the results of an analysis of curricula and class organization in domestic and foreign secondary schools providing education in occupations related to the ICT industry. It also provides draft recommendations for companies. The research was carried out over the years 2019–2020. Desk–research, Individual In–depth Interview (IDI), and Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) methods were used, as appropriate at each stage of the work. As a result of the research, a competency gap was identified among secondary school students, a catalogue of soft competences was developed, and recommendations were formulated for the Polish educational system
at ISCED Level 3 and for entities in the ICT sector.
Podobni, ale inni. Międzybranżowe zróżnicowanie motywacji wolontariuszy
Authors: Buttler Dominik
Published: November 2021

Celem analizy przedstawionej w artykule jest ustalenie, czy wolontariusze pracujący w tej samej branży sektora non-profit (np. w sferze kultury, ratownictwie, działalności dobroczynnej) wykazują podobieństwo pod względem profilu motywacyjnego. Teoretycznie zjawisko to można uzasadnić, odwołując się do trzech procesów: funkcjonalnego dopasowania, dopasowania do sposobności i zrównania motywacji. Dane wykorzystywane w części empirycznej analizy pochodzą z oryginalnego badania przeprowadzonego na próbie wolontariuszy działających w Polsce . Ich motywacje zdefiniowano zgodnie z podejściem funkcjonalnym, wyróżniającym sześć podstawowych potrzeb, które wolontariat zaspokaja, takich jak: wyrażanie wartości, społeczna, kariera, wzmocnienie, zrozumienie, ochronna (Clary, Snyder, Stukas, 1996). Wykorzystując metody statystycznego grupowania i analizy regresji, porównano profile motywacyjne wolontariuszy działających w siedmiu branżach sektora non-profit. Wyniki sugerują, że najbardziej charakterystyczne grupy pod względem motywacji stanowili wolontariusze działający w obszarach turystyki i kultury fizycznej oraz w ratownictwie. Bardzo specyficzną grupę pod względem motywacji tworzyli również społecznicy pracujący dla Wielkiej Orkiestry Świątecznej Pomocy (WOŚP) – ze względu na dużą liczbę współpracujących wolontariuszy potraktowano WOŚP jako oddzielną branżę. Przeprowadzone w artykule analizy sugerują, że za międzybranżowym zróżnicowaniem motywacji (przynajmniej w odniesieniu do funkcji społecznej) mogą stać zjawiska dopasowania do sposobności lub zrównania motywacji. Zaobserwowane międzybranżowe zróżnicowanie motywacji społeczników jest cenną informacją z punktu widzenia procesów rekrutacji, selekcji czy retencji wolontariuszy.
Rola dialogu społecznego w procesach restrukturyzacji na przykładzie przekształceń organizacyjno-prawnych w Grupie Kapitałowej ORLEN (przykład przejęcia Grupy Kapitałowej Energa przez PKN ORLEN)
Authors: Kandziak Wioletta
Published: November 2021

Celem artykułu jest analiza procesów restrukturyzacji, pod kątem roli i znaczenia dialogu społecznego procesie restrukturyzacji oraz wpływu dialogu społecznego na jego efektywność. W artykule poddano weryfikacji hipotezę, że obok prawnych gwarancji dialogu społecznego w procesie restrukturyzacji, istotne znaczenie ma stopień zaangażowania i poziom dialogu społecznego oraz jego uczestników. Angażowanie partnerów społecznych w przeprowadzenie zmiany, wykraczając często poza czysto formalne zasady konsultacji, w znaczący sposób można wpłynąć na ograniczanie konfliktów społecznych i lepsze zrozumienie celów biznesowych restrukturyzacji przez partnerów i załogę. W artykule dokonano analizy roli i znaczenia dialogu w procesie restrukturyzacji prowadzonej na przykładzie przekształceń organizacyjno – prawnych w Grupie Kapitałowej ORLEN.
Praca w warunkach czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej. Nowe wyzwania dla humanizacji
Authors: Tomaszewska Renata , Pawlicka Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja wyzwań dla humanizacji pracy, wynikających z obecnych jej warunków, a będących następstwem rozwoju czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej. Jako potencjalne czynniki dehumanizacji powinny być one uwzględniane w polityce personalnej organizacji. Z perspektywy organizacyjnej, czyli pracodawców, użyteczność/przydatność praktyczną mogą posiadać wyróżnione megatrendy, zagrożenia oraz zasady ukierunkowane na człowieka. Stanowią bowiem podstawę do refleksji i działań humanizujących pracę; do wprowadzania polityki zarządzania zagrożeniami psychospołecznymi w miejscach pracy i większej dbałości o dobrostan pracowników. Zaprezentowane rozważania wpisują się w obszar współczesnej humanizacji pracy oraz zarządzanie zasobami ludzkimi
Working in the reality of the fourth industrial. New challenges for humanization
Authors: Tomaszewska Renata , Pawlicka Aleksandra
Published: November 2021

The aim of the article is to identify challenges facing the humanization of work that result from current conditions, which in turn are a consequence of the fourth industrial revolution. As potential dehumanization factors, they should be included in the personnel policy of the organization. From the organizational perspective—i.e. from the employers’ point of view—the indicated megatrends, threats, and human–centered principles may prove to be useful in practice. The reflections as presented fall within the category of modern work humanization and human resource management.
Who are the most important players in team sports
Authors: Ziemba William , MacLean Leonard
Published: November 2021

We present a statistical model using box scores from games as data to develop a theory to determine which players are the most important to success in team sports. We apply this to NBA basketball, NFL football and NHL hockey. The results show that the most important players for team success are not necessarily the most outstanding players. Moreover, its generally much more successful to have several good players rather than a single outstanding player. In NBA basketball, NFL football, and NHL hockey defensive players often stand out. The results are useful for good team construction, game strategy and recruiting of players.
Hepatitis C Virus Core Antigen as an Alternative to RNA in the Assessment of Response to Treatment with Direct-acting Oral Antivirals
Authors: Mancebo Martínez Antonio , Núñez Serrano Paula , Fernández de Cañete Camacho José Carlos , Moreno Planas José María
Published: November 2021

Background: Affordable and effective diagnostic and treatment monitoring algorithms are urgently needed to achieve the global elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: A total of 274 patients were treated with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in the Spanish Hospital of Albacete between 2004 and 2020. This study compared the enzyme-immunoassay technique for HCV core antigen (HCVcAg) with the determination of RNA of HCV (HCV RNA) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in monitoring treatment with DAA, setting the lower limit of detection of HCVcAg < 3 fmol/L and RNA < 10 IU/mL. In all cases, the P value of differences associated with the contrast test was less than or equal to 0.05. Results: We evaluated the viral loads of our patients before treatment, during their treatment, and after its completion. The HCV RNA quantification at diagnosis was 2309327 IU/mL. The mean HCVcAg load was 5972 fmol/L. There was a strong correlation between HCVcAg levels and RNA levels with a Spearman rho of 0.832 (P < 0.01). The HCVcAg sensitivity at diagnosis was 99%, but the specificity could not be calculated because there were no true negatives or false positives at this point. Twelve weeks after treatment, in patients with treatment failure, we obtained a mean of 19084 IU/mL for RNA, while for HCVcAg, the mean was 103 fmol/L. At this time point, we also found a strong correlation between HCVcAg levels and HCV RNA levels with a Spearman rho of 0.775 (P < 0.01). Finally, the virological cure was achieved in 99% of our patients. The results for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 100%, 99.87%, 86.33%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: HCVcAg determination is an excellent alternative to HCV RNA in the assessment of treatment response. This is particularly relevant in lower- and middle-income countries and resource-limited settings where the high cost of labor, equipment, and reagents can prohibit molecular testing.
Právní vztah příspěvkové organizace zřízené územním samosprávným celkem k dlouhodobému majetku a jeho interakce s rozpočtem, hospodařením a financováním příspěvkové organizace ze strany zřizovatele
Authors: Maderová Karla
Published: November 2021

The article is a reflection on the legal regulation of property management of a contributory organization established by a territorial self-governing unit and the practical problems that the current legislation brings. It deals with the various legal relationships that these organizations may have to the long-term assets, which the contributory organizations use most often due to the transfer to the founder, but also due to the right of ownership, and very often also on the basis of a loan agreement. In the article I will deal with the legal regulation of these institutes and their mutual comparison.
Regionální komory veřejného auditu (RIO) jako orgány dohledu a kontroly... nad finančním hospodařením územní samosprávy v Polsku
Authors: Budner-Iwanicka Luiza
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the supervisory and control activities over municipal financial management performed in Poland by regional chambers of audit. Established under the Act of October 7, 1992 on regional chambers of audit, institutions for supervision and control of financial management of local government units started their activity 2.5 years after the restitution of local government in Poland, which was one of the main pillars of the political changes that took place after 1989. Characteristics of the individual competences of regional accounting chambers in relation to supervision over the activities of local government consisting in assessing the legality of legal acts taken by local government units in financial matters, implementing control of their financial management, issuing opinions aimed at assessing the legal and economic effects of financial decisions made by These units, while supporting local government by organizing training courses and conducting ongoing training and informational activities, leads to the conclusion that these institutions are in a special place in the structure of public institutions in Poland.The activity of regional accounting chambers serves the implementation of the principle of restraint and precision of control and supervisory influence in relation to financial management by local government, which, in connection with the principle of subsidiarity, is part of the systemic idea expressed in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland - the idea of real independence of local government in the limits of a decentralized,but uniform state system.
Rozhodný limit a jeho přesažení
Authors: Šiková Zuzana
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with a relevant threshold, occurs of exceeding and calculations of asset value of investment funds or other managed assets that are managed. The paper also focuses on the process of the manager when there is exceeded the relevant threshold without authorization from Czech National Bank. Managers shall constantly assess the overall value of the managed funds and other managed asset and should provide an appropriate mechanism warning especially with regard to risk management. The aim of the paper is a deeper analysis of the term relevant threshold, to which subjects it applies and how it can be calculated.
Postavení a role oddělení compliance v bance
Authors: Kolbenhayerová Katarína
Published: November 2021

This article will deal with the role and main activities of compliance department in banking system in the Czech Republic. The compliance department is an integral part of the bank’s management and control system. The author aims to define the main activities that the bank assigns to compliance, based on the analysis of legislation, i.e. the provision of such activities and processes through which compliance risk will be minimized in the bank. The author of the article also aims to define the difference between the function and the position of compliance in the bank.
Rozpočtové (ekonomické) následky úniků na daních jako materiální pramen práva při přijímání nástrojů v boji proti tomuto jevu
Authors: Hrabčák Ladislav
Published: November 2021

Law and economics are inevitably connected. This is all the more true in financial law and tax law, where the interaction with the economy is perhaps the biggest. This is also characteristic of the area of fighting tax avoidance practices, as this issue has significant economic aspects. The aim of the article is to clarify the budgetary (economic) significance of taxes with reference to the situation in the conditions of the Czech Republic and to analyse the budgetary (economic) consequences of tax evasion having the nature of a material source of law in adopting instruments to combat this phenomenon.
Právní úprava úroků vznikající při správě daní z hlediska jejich účelu a výše
Authors: Feldek Michael
Published: November 2021

Tax administration is essentially the handling of funds. However, money loses its value over time, which becomes particularly important in situations where the obliged entity defaults on payment. The tax administration legislation therefore contains a system of interest which, under certain conditions, is added to such a payment as an accessory. The aim of the paper will therefore be to explain the purpose of the individual interest payments under the Tax Procedural Code and the significance of the recent developments in the legislation, which have significantly changed the conditions for their generation and their amount.
FOXC1
Authors: Li Ming , Lv Hong , Zhong Siyuan , Zhou Shuling , Lu Hongfen , Yang Wentao
Published: November 2021

Context.—

Few studies have investigated the features of FOXC1 protein expression in invasive breast cancer subtypes as defined by immunohistochemistry (IHC)–based surrogate molecular classification.

Objective.—

To investigate the diagnostic utility of the IHC-based FOXC1 test in breast cancer subtyping and to evaluate the correlation between FOXC1 expression and clinicopathologic parameters in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Design.—

FOXC1 expression was evaluated with IHC in a large cohort of 2443 patients with breast cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic ability of FOXC1 expression to predict the triple-negative phenotype and to identify the best cutoff value. FOXC1 expression was correlated with the clinicopathologic parameters of TNBC.

Results.—

The expression rate of FOXC1 in TNBC was significantly higher than in other subtypes. The area under the ROC curve confirmed the high diagnostic value of FOXC1 for the prediction of the triple-negative phenotype. The cutoff value of 1% showed a maximized sum of sensitivity and specificity. In TNBC, FOXC1 expression was significantly associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes. Furthermore, FOXC1 expression was primarily observed in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type and metaplastic carcinoma but rarely in invasive carcinoma with apocrine differentiation. Correspondingly, FOXC1 expression was significantly associated with the expression of basal markers but was negatively correlated with apocrine-related markers in TNBC.

Conclusions.—

In conclusion, FOXC1 is a highly specific marker for the triple-negative phenotype. Moreover, IHC detection of FOXC1 expression can be used as an additional diagnostic tool for the triple-negative phenotype and subclassification in TNBC.
Determinação da vulnerabilidade costeira em praias arenosas ao sul de Alagoas – Brasil: Subsídio para delimitação de áreas de proteção em zonas costeiras
Authors: Almeida Henrique Ravi Rocha de Carvalho , Fonseca da Silva Djane , Cruz Ramon Salgueiro , Tavares Arthur Costa Falcão
Published: November 2021

É urgente a necessidade de se ampliar o conhecimento sobre o meio físico a fim de se estabelecer diretrizes racionais para utilização de áreas costeiras, visto as previsões de elevação do nível do mar inferidas pelo Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) até o ano de 2100. A presente pesquisa objetivou determinar o nível de vulnerabilidade ambiental do litoral norte do município de Barra de São Miguel/AL, face à elevação do Nível Relativo do Mar, bem como sugerir Limites Terrestres Não Edificantes (LTNE), para a proteção da paisagem e amortecimento da energia das ondas. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram em inferir a retrogradação costeira através da Regra de Brunn; estabelecer o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Costeira (IVC) através da análise de variáveis ambientais; e delimitar o LTNE considerando diretrizes protetivas. Com relação aos resultados obtidos, a retrogradação, mesmo em um cenário otimista e apesar de apresentar alto nível de conservação ambiental, apresentou recuo de 9,12 m. O LTNE demonstrou que o limite prévio de 200 m pode ser adotado futuramente como um valor referência para absorver os impactos futuros gerados pela elevação marinha. Quanto ao IVC, a região foi classificada como altamente vulnerável a ação dos processos erosivos, seja pela remoção dos sedimentos, seja pela retrogradação da costa. Desta forma, foi possível concluir que os resultados obtidos são importantes para compreensão do ambiente costeiro do município de Barra de São Miguel/AL, podendo ser utilizado como fonte norteadora no monitoramento e gerenciamento de regiões costeiras de Alagoas. Palavras-chave: Vulnerabilidade costeira; Gerenciamento costeiro; Erosão Costeira.
Margherita Costa, la poetessa virtuosa
Authors: De Liso Daniela , Di Maro Maria , Merola Valeria
Published: November 2021

Tra le scrittrici “dimenticate” del secolo XVII, Margherita Costa (1600 ca.-1657) si distingue per la sua copiosissima e articolata produzione e per i toni, scanzonati e lucidi, con cui rivendica l’indipendenza femminile. La professione di cantante e virtuosa le consente di ottenere una certa autonomia e libertà nel contesto misogino seicentesco; la sua produzione risulta anomala a livello quantitativo e tematico sia se confrontata con quella delle contemporanee sia in quanto esempio di partecipazione attiva al consesso letterario in un contesto socio-politico in cui la scrittura femminile era in declino. Infatti, nel suo vastissimo corpus si possono riconoscere diversi generi: lirico, prosaico, storico, religioso, epistolare, drammatico (comico, mitologico, pastorale), attraverso i quali la poetessa non solo dimostra la sua versatilità, ma anche la capacità di usare registri diversi che oscillano tra il comico e il tragico, la satira e l’encomio, l’aulico e l’erotico. Eppure, l’intera produzione della Costa, nonostante gli elementi di novità e i messaggi moderni proposti, non ha goduto di fortuna critica. Anzi, «dal silenzio ha tutto da guadagnare» scriveva Dante Bianchi (1925: 211), condannando di fatto alla polvere degli scaffali dimenticati una delle più prolifiche e vivaci scrittrici del XVII secolo. Né meno impietosi sono stati i successivi lettori della virtuosa romana, come Martino Capucci che riconosceva alla sua copiosa produzione un interesse esclusivamente sociologico, perché «i soli tratti di qualche efficacia [sono] quelli dove erompe una aperta lubricità che si direbbe professionale» (CAPUCCI 1984, 233). Gliultimi decenni, tuttavia, nell’ambito di una rinnovata attenzione critica alla scrittura femminile del XVII secolo, hanno segnato finalmente un’inversione di tendenza e i primi lavori monografici e le prime edizioni critiche hanno evidenziato la necessità di una riscoperta della poliedrica produzione della poetessa romana.
Sull’esemplarità del caso di Margherita Costa negli studi di letteratura italiana
Authors: Andreoni Annalisa
Published: November 2021

Annalisa Andreoni, coordinatrice del Gruppo di Studi delle donne nella letteratura italiana dell’Associazione degli Italianisti, apre i lavori del Convegno Margherita Costa, poetessa virtuosa (L’Aquila, 12 aprile 2021).
«Il cor si finge un ghiaccio e in fuoco giace»: amore e gelosia nella produzione lirica di Margherita Costa
Authors: Di Maro Maria
Published: November 2021

Il presente contributo propone una lettura macrotestuale delle prime raccolte liriche di Margherita Costa (1600 ca.-1657): La Chitarra e Il Violino (1638). I due canzonieri barocchi presentano similarità strutturali (false indicazioni editoriali, polimetria, elementi paratestuali simmetrici) e tematiche (liriche amorose, encomiastico-celebrative, burlesche) e, in entrambi, è attribuito un ruolo predominante alla materia amorosa. L’io lirico, rappresentato nella quasi totalità da una bella donna, è vittima della potenza distruttiva dell’amore, tormentato da una spropositata passione amorosa che non riesce né ad arginare né a soddisfare. Dal caleidoscopio elegiaco offerto dai due volumi, l’attenzione sarà rivolta verso due tematiche: la malattia d’amore e la gelosia, declinate dalla poetessa emulando la tradizione lirica precedente. In particolare, si riconoscono profondi debiti verso Giovan Battista Marino, di cui vengono riproposte strutture metriche, sintattiche e retoriche e da cui sono tratti spunti tematici. Rispetto ai modelli, tuttavia, la virtuosa scrive versi dal marcato carattere drammatico, debitori della sua carriera di cantante e, giocando con le aspettative gender del lettore, procede in un’inversione dei ruoli del mittente e del destinatario per donare, in un contesto misogino, una voce femminile al genere del lamento amoroso.
Czesław Miłosz’s “Theological treatise” in the context of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s religious worldview
Authors: Maltsev Leonid A.
Published: November 2021

The article investigates a religious and philosophical dialogue of Miłosz and Dostoevsky. The antinomic content of Miłosz's poem “Theological Treatise” is analyzed in the context of Dostoevsky's Christocentric worldview, as well as religious and heretical teachings of early Christianity, which aroused Milosz's interest throughout his career. In their works, Dostoev­sky and Miłosz explored the theological problem of apoсatastasis and offered their interpreta­tion of it. The paper also examines Miłosz’s contribution as an essayist to the comparative study of Dostoevsky's works (Dostoevsky — Mickiewicz and Dostoevsky — Swedenborg). The ideological basis of “Theological Treatise” is the dialectical relationship between faith and truth, which is associated with Miłosz's appeal to Dostoevsky's ‘creed’ from his famous letter to Fonvisina. Like Dostoevsky, Miłosz criticizes the natural-scientific concept of truth in its depersonalized and, therefore, dehumanized version, which seems to the author of “Theologi­cal Treatise” as an instrument of ‘devilish theology’. In a dialogue with the traditions of Rus­sian religious philosophy, and above all with Dostoevsky’s legacy, Miłosz turns to the Apoca­lypse, in which the most aesthetically significant the idea for him is that of ​​restoring paradisi­acal existence. However, unlike Dostoevsky, the concept of life after death in “Theological Treatise” is not free from pessimism and skepticism. Miłosz is inclined towards the ideological paradigm of the West, and the concept of “Theological Treatise” includes the ideas of Dosto­evsky's unbelieving heroes.
Ironic assessment in Saltykov-Shchedrin’s novel The Go­lovlyovs
Authors: Vaulina Svetlana S. , Bulataya Elena V.
Published: November 2021

Irony is considered as an evaluative category in literary and artistic discourse. The au­thors point out such typical features of ironic evaluation as implicit character, i. e. the ability of irony to present the evaluative position of the author in a veiled form, subjectivity, which is directly dependent on the author's attitudes and ideological intentions, negative colouring of ironic evaluation and a high degree of its impact on the reader. The authors identify the basic techniques of expressing ironic assessment in Saltykov-Shchedrin's novel “The Golovlyovs”. The peculiarities of ironic evaluation are analyzed, and the forms of expressing irony are iden­tified. The main techniques of expressing irony in the novel are antiphrasis, unexpected ironic inference from a situation, antithesis, the use of inappropriate collocations that do not fit the context, intertextual inclusions, intentionally created absurd situations, and rhetorical ques­tions. The main feature of ironic evaluation in the novel is its satirical basis, its distancing from humour and the focus on the denunciation of human vices and social flaws in the histor­ical period of the domination of the landlord class. Ironic evaluation in Saltykov-Shchedrin's novel is an important component of the Saltykov-Shchedrin's ideostyle and reveals the speci­ficity of his narration and the peculiarities of the writer's worldview.
UTICAJ MEDIJA NA DJECU I OMLADINU
Authors: Tešanović Sreten , Rađenović-Kozić Biljana , Kukobat Lazo , Komljenović Brana
Published: November 2021

U savremenim uslovima poslovanja ambijentalne promjene u velikoj mjeri utiču na svakog od nas kao odraslog pojedinca, jer predstavljamo metu koju svakodnevno bombarduju različite oglašivačke poruke iz medija za masovno kumuniciranje. U takvom ambijentu se razvijaju i rastu naša djeca. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja, na uzorku od dvije stotine ispitanika, pokazuju da su mediji prepuni oglašivačkih poruka koje svakodnevno ulaze u naše domove i naš život. Na takav način stvara se prezasićenost auditorijuma putem klasičnog oglašavanja. Roditelji maloljetne djece se često žale na izloženost njihove djece neprimjerenim oglašivačkim porukama za njihov uzrast, koje nisu ograničene na specijalizovane medije i emisije za djecu. U ovom radu predstavljamo rezultate istraživanja koji su pokazali značajan uticaj različitih medija na djecu i omladinu, te roditelje i odrasle koji su izloženi velikom pritisku koje stvara oglašavanje i prikriveno oglašavanje nekog proizvoda ili usluge, a posebno televizije, časopisa i video-igara, preko igranih serija, filmova, rijaliti programa, bilborda, te brendirane odjeće i proizvoda široke potrošnje za djecu i omladinu.
ZAŠTITA GLEDATELJA/PUBLIKE U KONTEKSTU SPREČAVANJA MANIPULACIJE PUTEM MEDIJA
Authors: Jusić Seid
Published: November 2021

Zaštita publike odnosno gledatelja i konzumenata različitih medija javila se kao potreba da se ograniči dodir između određenih sadržaja i osjetljivih dijelova publike, a u prvom redu se odnosi na djecu. Iako sadržaji koji se plasiraju putem medija mogu izazvati privremene i trajne posljedice i na odrasle, oni se uglavnom ne obilježavaju kao štetni, smatrajući medijsku publiku zrelom i dovoljno sposobnom da sama odluči šta želi ili ne želi gledati ili slušati. Svi zabilježeni slučajevi u kojima se medijski sadržaj povezuje sa nekom negativnom posljedicom po publiku su doprinijeli da se zakonski ograniči emitovanje određenih sadržaja ili da se uskladi termin njihovog emitovanja. Mediji na određeni način moraju da obilježe emisije koje nisu adekvatne uzrastu djece, ali i odraslih i upozore publiku da bi gledanje ili slušanje takvih sadržaja moglo nanijeti privremenu ili trajnu štetu određenim osobama. Takav pristup je sasvim opravdan i veoma efikasan u društvima sa visokom razinom medijske pismenosti. Međutim, tamo gdje je medijska pismenost na niskom nivou često dolazi do posljedica neadekvatne zaštite publike kao što su nasilje, pornografija, delinkventnost i sl. i to kao rezultat primijenjenih uzoraka socijalnog ponašanja stečenih putem medija.
МЕДИЈСКА ПИСМЕНОСТ СРЕДЊОШКОЛАЦА У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ
Authors: Ишаретовић Славица
Published: November 2021

Медијска писменост се заснива на претпоставци да се све медијске поруке праве уз кориштење креативног језика са својим властитим правилима, да различити људи различито доживљавају исте медије, да медији примарно представљају комерцијални посао са намјером да се оствари профит, да медији имају своје усађене вриједности и гледишта. Резултати истраживања спроведеног међу средњошколцима у шест градова Републике Српске, на узорку од 732 испитаника, у шеснаест средњих школа, показује висок ниво изложености медијима, „зависности“ о мобилним телефонима, захваљујући којима су свакодневно „онлајн“, као и непознавање медијске регулативе и недостатак вјештина у управљању приватношћу и самозаштити од нежељених утицаја. Због тога што су свакодневно изложени медијима, а ускраћени за образовање које им је потребно да се лакше сналазе у мноштву информација којима су изложени, средњошколци не успијевају да препознају медијске садржаје као конструкте стварности, а себе као друштвену групу под снажним утицајем медија и хиперреалности. Такође, не знају да сваки медиј има свој језик и кодификује реалност на свој посебан начин, као ни то да медији садрже идеолошке и вриједносне поруке и да сви медијски садржаји подразумијевају одређену интенционалност. Објединити свијет образовања са свијетом медијске комуникације захтијева заједнички напор свих: од наставника, ученика, родитеља, медијских професионалаца и доносилаца политичких одлука.
IMPACT OF GDPR TO DIGITAL MEDIA
Authors: Čošabić Jasna
Published: November 2021

This paper shall analyze the impact of General Data Protection Regulation (‘GDPR’) to concept of business of digital media, having in mind their overwhelming presence and especially their impact to private data of their clients or customers. Special features that are going to be dealt with in this paper relate to processing of personal data by digital media under the GDPR, which include teritorrial scope of GDPR and its global applicability, type of personal data processed by digital media, profiling and behavioral advertising, options for consent, the use of cookies and geographical location. Purpose of their processing shall be analysed as well, with reflection to some important cases and examples. It relies on widely understood concept of digital media, including social media, online news portals, blog websites and shall pursue to point out to some crucial changes that that digital media are facing now, and that will affect their way of doing business, after the GDPR became operative on 25 May 2018.
ON-LINE I OFF-LINE IZDAVAŠTVO
Authors: Gazibarić Zoran
Published: November 2021

On-line interakcije i transakcije danas zauzimaju vodeće mjesto u oblasti medija, marketinga i komunikacije među ljudima. U radu vas upoznajemo sa mogućnostima postojeće tehnologije proširene stvarnosti (augmented reality) i načina brzog prelaska sa štampane riječi, slike ili simbola u prošireni digitalni multimedijalni prostor.
POSTUPNO UVOĐENJE STEM PODRUČJA U ŠKOLSKI KURIKULUM ILI MORA LI STEM BITI REVOLUCIJA
Authors: Milošević Sanda
Published: November 2021

Obrazovanje može uspjeti samo ako odabere nove metode posredovanja kao i starosne i rodne specifičnosti. U posljednje vrijeme se kao aktualno pitanje, ne samo u obrazovanju nego i u politici nameće pitanje STEM područja i njegovo uvođenje u školski kurikulum. Mišljenja se smjenjuju od početnog oduševljenja i naslova „STEM revolucija“ do vrlo oštre kritike i protivljenja. Pitanje finansiranja predstavlja dodatni problem. Međutim, ovom pitanju se ne smije pristupati površno jer STEM područje predstavlja „klasičnu temu presjeka“ koja utječe ne samo na jednu nego na mnogo različitih politika. Postoji mnogo regionalnih, nacionalnih i međunarodnih inicijativa koje pokušavaju promicati STEM u najširem smislu i na različite načine. Ciljevi su široki i ambiciozni, ali što EU radi i konkretno poduzima radi promicanja STEM profesionalaca? Ne postoji paneuropska strategija koja rješava problem iz korijena. Generalni ravnatelj EU za obrazovanje navodi da EU kada je u pitanju STEM okvir, svoje članice može podržati samo formalno, primarna odgovornost ostaje na nacionalnoj razini. Kako bi naši učenici usvojili ključne vještine i kompetencije nužne za njihov napredak u suvremenom okruženju, potrebna je promjena sadašnje obrazovne paradigme bazirane na nastavnim sadržajima i zaokret ka ishodima učenja i ka međupredmetnim vezama (pristup STEM). To ne znači nužno provedbu reforme i „revolucionarno” uvođenje STEM pristupa, moguće je odabrati najučinkovitije načine primjera i iskustava u međunarodnoj usporedbi i započeti postupnim uvođenjem STEM pristupa školski kurikulum.
OPERATIVNI RIZIK KAO POSLJEDICA DIGITALIZACIJE BANKARSKIH POSLOVA
Authors: Dušanić Gačić Svetlana , Agić Zorana
Published: November 2021

Tradicionalni bankarski rizici, prvenstveno tržišni i kreditni rizik, bili su osnovna prijetnja poslovanju banaka. Modernizacija, odnosno digitalizacija bankarskog poslovanja, povećala je izloženost banaka rizicima koji nisu ni tržišni, a ni kreditni. Riječ je o operativnim rizicima, koji u bankarstvu nisu novi, ali im se u posljednje vrijeme počela posvećivati značajnija pažnja. Operativni rizici direktno utiču na finansijski rezultat banaka, a na njih utiču ljudski i tehnički faktori, procesne radnje i informacione tehnologije. U radu je dat pregled bankarskih rizika, a posebna pažnja posvećena je upravo operativnim rizicima i upravljanju ovom vrstom rizika.
UPRAVLJANJE INFORMACIONIM SISTEMIMA U ZDRAVSTVENIM ORGANIZACIJAMA, SA PERSPEKTIVAMA RAZVOJA
Authors: Krstić Ranđić Jelena , Rađenović Žarko , Zdravković Ivana
Published: November 2021

Uspostavljanje adekvatnog informacionog sistema u zdravstvenim organizacijama, koji poseduje sve upravljačke alate, moguće je pod uslovom da se izvrši potpuna dekompozicija sistema i izvrši sagledavanje tokova podataka, kao i analiziranje trenutnih performansi svih ključnih tačaka u sistemu koji utiču na tok podataka i efikasno upravljanje zdravstvenim organizacijama. Zahtev da se svi poslovno značajni sistemi objedine u jedan integralni sistem koji bi uključivao i sistem za upravljanje, ukazuje na potrebu kreiranja jedinstvenog sistema koji bi modularnošću omogućio skalabilnost i traženu jedinstvenost ili u većini slučajeva hibridne sisteme, koji koriste neki vid međusobne povezanosti u okviru integralnog informacionog sistema sa zajedničkim konceptom upravljanja. Upravo će upravljanje informacionim sistemima biti predmet izučavanja u ovom radu.
PROVISIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGIONAL CENTER OF SPIRITUAL-MORAL AND PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF YOUTH
Authors: Kosheva Ludmila , Kovalevskyy Sergiy
Published: November 2021

The publication presents the basic prerequisites for the creation of a center for spiritual, moral and patriotic education of young people as a factor in improving the quality of social and economic processes. Recommendations on the structure of this center are presented taking into account the studies carried out based on modern methods of intelligent modeling. Interrelation of expected results of activity of such center and the basic tasks which are necessary for providing with performance is shown.
INTERNET KAO INFRASTRUKTURA EKONOMIJE POSTINDUSTRIJSKOG DOBA
Authors: Đukić Ognjen , Đukić Veljko , Đukić Biljana
Published: November 2021

Karakteristika vremena u kome živimo jesu promjene u savremenoj ekonomskoj praksi i teoriji. Govori se o digitalnoj ili informacijskoj ekonomiji. Empirijski oblik takvih promjena je privredna globalizacija. Privredna globalizacija kao opšti trend ukazuje na prevođenje nacionalnih privreda u jedinstven svjetski privredni prostor u kojem nestaju vještačke prepreke izazvane prvenstveno političkim intervencijama. Informacijska i komunikacijska a posebno internetska tehnologija imaju snažan uticaj na promjenu ekonomske strukture nacionalnih – svjetskog privrednog sistema. One djeluju na sve dimenzije ekonomskog života, zadržavajući standarde razvijene u doba industrijske ekonomije, ali ostavljajući mogućnosti za izražavanje individualnih, grupnih i nacionalnih posebnosti. Ne razmatrajući detaljnije istoriju nastanka Interneta, u radu je naglašeno kako su sa stajališta uticaja na ekonomiju postindustrijskog doba bitna tri elementa globalne mreže: spontanost u razvoju mreže, klijentsko-poslužiteljska arhitektura, standardizacija usluga.
REGIONALNA EKONOMSKA PROBLEMATIKA REPUBLIKE SRBIJE U SAVREMENIM USLOVIMA
Authors: Dobardžić Eldin , Dobardžić Alma
Published: November 2021

Republika Srbija i dalјe ima izražene i duboke regionalne disparitete nastale kao rezultat nasleđenih disproporcija, decenije ekonomske izolacije i sankcija, ali i aktuelnih problema u kojima se nalazi svetska ekonomija. S obzirom na to da su za Srbiju karakteristične ogromne unutarregionalne disproporcije koje onemogućuju razvoj i dovode do velikih migracija, uloga države u ovom trenutku mora biti od presudnog značaja. Od 2006. godine, kada je doneta Strategija regionalnog razvoja Republike Srbije za period 2007-1012. godine, a koja je uspostavila osnove za institucionalni okvir regionalnog razvoja u našoj zemlјi, i 2009, kada je usvojen Zakon o regionalnom razvoju Republike Srbije, nisu se dešavala neka veća pomeranja na ovom polјu, a s cilјem smanjenja postojećih dispariteta. Kreiranje adekvatne politike regionalnog razvoja i utvrđivanje najefikasnijih mera i instrumenata za njeno sprovođenje zahteva dinamičan pristup u sagledavanju problematike neravnomernog ekonomskog i društvenog razvoja, pre svega u oblasti privrednog razvoja, infrastrukture, demografskih i socijalnih tokova. Rad analitički prikazuje stanje u posmatranom periodu sa predlozima za rešenje postojećih i budućih izazova u ovoj oblasti.
ZAŠTITA ŽIVOTNE SREDINE KAO KOMPONENTA ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA SA OSVRTOM NA ZNAČAJ EKOLOŠKIH INDIKATORA
Authors: Bradić Dubravka
Published: November 2021

Globalni problemi, nastali zbog ekspanzije stanovništva, korišćenja „prljave tehnologije“ i oštećenja biosfere i njenih eko-sistema, doveli su do neodrživog ekonomskog razvoja. Polazeći od navedenih problema koji su doveli do ekološke krize, potrebno je afirmisati koncept održivog razvoja koji podrazumeva kako tehničku tako i društvenu promenu odnosa prema okruženju. Pored ekonomske i društvene komponente, koncept održivog razvoja temelji se i na komponenti zaštite životne sredine. Razvojem i promovisanjem ovog koncepta, međunarodna zajednica želi i mora da zaustavi narušenu ekološku ravnotežu tako da pitanje ekologije i oblasti očuvanja životne sredine postaju središte svih njenih pravnih akata. Očuvanje životne sredine postaje glavna tema i mnogih dokumenata Evropske unije, a Republika Srbija usaglašavanjem svojih pravnih propisa iz oblasti životne sredine postaje pravi partner u rešavanju globalnih problema društva u celini. S ciljem prikazivanja stanja životne sredine i sprovođenje pravovremenih odluka i efikasnih akcija u otklanjaju uzroka problema u životnoj sredini, Konferencija UN o zaštiti životne sredine i razvoju donela je Radni program indikatora održivog razvoja, u kome je dat širok spektar indikatora kojima se izražava stanje životne sredine. U skladu sa ovim dokumentom Republika Srbija je donela svoj Pravilnik o nacionalnoj listi indikatora zaštite životne sredine.
OGLAŠEVALSKI TRG V SLOVENIJI
Authors: Grivec Malči
Published: November 2021

Svetovno gospodarstvo je danes v polnem razcvetu, na trgu je vedno več ponudnikov proizvodov in storitev, tako da se posameznik težko odloči za določen izdelek oz. storitev. Prav to podjetja postavlja v situacijo, ko se morajo za vsakega kupca še posebej potruditi. Sodobno trženje tako zahteva od podjetja več kot samo dober izdelek, privlačno ceno in dostopnost izdelka. Pomemben element uspeha na trgu je tržno komuniciranje, na katerega danes gledamo z novimi očmi, in sicer kot na interaktivni dialog med podjetjem in njegovimi kupci, ki poteka pred prodajo, med njo in po njej. Razvoj tehnologije podjetjem omogoča, da prehajajo iz množičnega komuniciranja v vedno bolj usmerjeno komuniciranje in osebni dialog. Kljub vsemu pa na trgu končnih potrošnikov še vedno prevladuje oglaševanje. Po kratki teoretični opredelitvi ključnih pojmov je v prispevku predstavljen trg oglaševanja v Sloveniji v zadnjih letih, ki skozi celotno proučevano obdobje beleži rast. Ob tem hkrati ugotavljamo, da je slovenski trg bistveno drugačen od svetovnega, saj med mediji v oglaševalskem proračunu močno prevladuje televizija, medtem ko spletno in mobilno oglaševanje predstavljata le manjši delež. Na koncu avtorica opozori na trende oglaševanja v 21. stoletju.
Introduction: On Lying
Authors: Molinari Alessandra
Published: November 2021

What happens when we lie? What do we lie for? Are we always aware of it? Can we define its nature once and for all? Since the beginning of history, human beings have tried to define and interpret lying according to criteria provided to them by changing cultural environments and worldviews, so to give this phenomenon a definite place in their existence. All domains of human knowledge – from mythmaking to philosophy, from theology to neuroscience, from art to linguistics – have been involved. This special issue of Linguæ & aims to contribute to this multi- and interdisciplinary discourse by proposing a common core of insights on lying through contributions from the humanities and psychology.
Wings and halteres act as coupled dual oscillators in flies
Authors: Deora Tanvi , Sane Siddharth S , Sane Sanjay P
Published: November 2021

The mechanics of Dipteran thorax is dictated by a network of exoskeletal linkages that, when deformed by the flight muscles, generate coordinated wing movements. In Diptera, the forewings power flight, whereas the hindwings have evolved into specialized structures called halteres, which provide rapid mechanosensory feedback for flight stabilization. Although actuated by independent muscles, wing and haltere motion is precisely phase-coordinated at high frequencies. Because wingbeat frequency is a product of wing-thorax resonance, any wear-and-tear of wings or thorax should impair flight ability. How robust is the Dipteran flight system against such perturbations? Here, we show that wings and halteres are independently driven, coupled oscillators. We systematically reduced the wing length in flies and observed how wing-haltere synchronization was affected. The wing-wing system is a strongly coupled oscillator, whereas the wing-haltere system is weakly coupled through mechanical linkages that synchronize phase and frequency. Wing-haltere link acts in a unidirectional manner; altering wingbeat frequency affects haltere frequency, but not vice versa. Exoskeletal linkages are thus key morphological features of the Dipteran thorax that ensure wing-haltere synchrony, despite severe wing damage.