bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practices of public debates during perestroika (discussing the film Emergency of the District Scale)
Authors: Moiseenko Arseniy D.
Published: January 2024

Perestroika became a time when the thematic spectrum of public discussions expanded. In addition to discussions about everyday life, the ideas of deconstructing the Soviet bureaucratic and ideological system became relevant. This dialogue has had an impact on specific institutions. This article analyzes an example of criticism of the Komsomol organization in the film Emergency of the District Scale (ChP raionnogo mashtaba). The main part of the study is devoted to the analysis of this movie’s discussions. The assessment was influenced by local bans that prevented the film from being released. The article describes various mechanisms of influence on cinematography institutions throughout the country. The question of how the context of prohibitions affected the condition of film criticism is also considered. Emergency was in a position where the fight against the abuses of local authorities became more significant than an authentic criticism of the art features of the motion picture. This formed two opposing forces. Representatives of the first considered themselves true fighters for the perestroika. Their opponents tried to refuse such a formulation of the question and tried to deconstruct the stylistics. In addition, an important aspect of perestroika cinema was the legal appearance of erotic scenes, which were also shown in Emergency. The article presents details of how this context was inosculated with the ideological debate around the film, as well as some of the arguments of different groups. The ironic mode also became a significant aspect of the discussion about the movie. This way of reflection was the only means of going beyond the boundaries of the dichotomy “for glasnost [publicity] and perestroika” or “against”, which was the basis of public debate.
Creating a database of Modern Russian clause linkers: principles, problems, results
Authors: Kobozeva Irina M. , Serdobolskaya Natalia V. , Kryukova Anastasia I. , Pilyugina Diana A.
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a project on creating a database of Russian connectives (clause linkers), which are linguistic units that connect clauses in polypredicative constructions. This functional class includes conjunctions, particles, prepositional phrases, adverbs, and parenthetical words and phrases. The inventory of connectives was extracted from volume 2 of the “Russkaya Grammatika” (1982), explanatory dictionaries, and dictionaries of functional words. All connectives were manually tagged for various syntactic and semantic parameters, such as their position in a sentence, the relative positioning of the main and subordinate clause, the number of connective components, and the possibility to expand them by adding modifiers (e. g., по той причине что — по той простой причине что). Additionally, all connectives were categorized based on the semantic zone they belong to, such as condition, time, cause, etc. The systematic tagging of connectives allowed for the discovery of several new semantic zones, meanings, varieties of meaning combinations, and new valency structures. Furthermore, problematic connectives were delimited, such as those posing issues regarding their part of speech or their treatment as a collocation (в тот момент, когда; в тех целях чтобы, etc.). This article is based on a paper presented at the 7th International Research Symposium “Russian Grammar: Constants, Contexts, Perspectives” (October 10–14, 2023, Tyumen, Russia).
An Evaluation Analysis for Computed Tomography Image Quality of Primary
Liver Cancer Lesions Based on Deep Learning Image Reconstruction
Authors: Sun Yan , Sun De-zheng , Han Chun-Lei
Published: January 2024

Background:

Abdominal multi-slice helical CT and contrast-enhanced scanning have been widely recognized clinically.

Objective:

The impact of the deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) on the quality of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging of primary liver cancer lesions was evaluated through comparison with the filtered back projection (FBP) and the new generation of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-V).

Methods::

We evaluated the image noise of the lesion, fine structures inside the lesion, and diagnostic confidence in 48 liver cancer subjects. The CT values
of the solid part of the lesion and the adjacent normal liver tissue and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SD) values of the right paravertebral
muscle were measured. The muscle SD value was considered as the background noise of the image, and the signal noise ratio (SNR) and contrast
signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the lesion and normal liver parenchyma were calculated.

Results::

High consistency in the evaluation of image noise (Kappa = 0.717). The Kappa values for margin/pseudocapsule, fine structure within the lesion,
and diagnostic confidence were 0.463, 0.527, and 0.625, respectively. Besides, the differences in SD, SNR and CNR data of reconstructed lesion
images among the six groups were statistically significant.

Conclusion::

The contrast-enhanced CT image noise of DLIR-H in the portal venous phase is much lower than that of ASIR-V and FBP in primary liver cancer
patients. In terms of the lesion structure display, the new reconstruction algorithm DLIR is superior.
Morphological Correlation between the Diameters of the Left Main Coronary
Artery and its Branches Measured by QCA and Derived by Finet’s Law
Authors: Rezigalla Assad Ali
Published: January 2024

Background::

Coronary artery diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Stenting or angioplasty of coronary arteries as interventional management
requires knowledge about the morphology of the coronary tree, including luminal diameters.

Objective::

This work aimed to study the diameters of the left main coronary artery and its branches measured by QCA in relation to the diameters derived by
Finet’s law.

Methods::

This was a cross-sectional, retrospective, hospital-based study. The number of angiograms used was 357. The diameters of the left main coronary
artery (LM1), left anterior interventricular artery (LAD1), and left circumflex artery (LCx1) were measured by QCA. The diameter of LM1 was
measured by 5 mm before its termination, and the diameters of LAD1 and LCx1 were obtained by 5 mm from their origins. Finet’s law was used to
calculate the diameters of LM2, LAD2 and LCx2 using the QCA measurements.

Results::

The mean age of participants was 53.3±8.8 years. Female patients represented 58.9%. The mean diameter of the left main coronary using QCA was
3.75±0.85 mm, and the diameter calculated using Finet’s law was 3.89±0.80 mm. The diameters of LAD1 and LCx1 were larger than those
calculated with Finet’s law. The Z-test showed a significant difference between the diameter of the LM1 calculated by Finet’s law; both diameters
were positively associated. The diameters of LAD1 and LAD2 showed a non-significant correlation (r = 0.0653, P = 0.259526) and a negative
correlation between LCx1 and LCX2 (r = -0.2659, P = 0.00001). The Z-test showed a significant difference in the diameter of LAD and LCx
measured by QCA and Finet’s law.

Conclusion::

An association was found between the diameter of LM measured by QCA and calculated with Finet’s law; the diameter calculated by Finet’s law
was larger. The diameters of LAD and LCx measured by QCA were larger than those calculated by Finet’s law. A positive correlation existed
between the diameters measured by QCA and Finet’s law, and they had significant differences. Finet’s law can assist in the selection of stent size.
Despite the literature about Finet’s law, generalising its use requires more studies on different ethnicities.
A pioneering museum’s security study in Portugal (1980-2000): A past lesson for future ways?
Authors: Sá Leonor
Published: January 2024

This paper describes the first interdisciplinary crime prevention project for the protection of cultural heritage created and coordinated by the Portuguese Judiciary Police Museum, the National Catalogue of Stolen Artworks from Portuguese Public Collections. Formally approved in 1995 by the Ministries of Justice and Culture, it was dedicated to the prevention of thefts in museums, following international practices. It counted with the participation of several departments of the Portuguese Judiciary Police (including Interpol office) and two external partnerships: the now extinguished Portuguese Institute of Museums and the Geira Project, which united two universities - the University of Minho and the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro. However, what seemed relatively simple - gathering and publishing photos and minimal information on cultural assets stolen from Portuguese public museums for their dissemination and recovery (as well as deterring theft), ended up implying a series of retroactive structuring procedures, including a national questionnaire to all Portuguese public museums concerning thefts from their collections in the period 1980-2000. It had less than 50% responses. Nevertheless, its results provided unprecedented and therefore valuable information in this field. In spite – or precisely because - of its incompleteness, this pioneering project can be assumed as a past lesson for future ways.
Depression and Anxiety in Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Relation to the Use of Digital Technologies: Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Shen Chen , Smith Rachel B , Heller Joel , Spiers Alexander D V , Thompson Rhiannon , Ward Helen , Roiser Jonathan P , Nicholls Dasha , Toledano Mireille B
Published: January 2024

Background

Adolescents are susceptible to mental illness and have experienced substantial disruption owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. The digital environment is increasingly important in the context of a pandemic when in-person social connection is restricted.

Objective

This study aims to estimate whether depression and anxiety had worsened compared with the prepandemic period and examine potential associations with sociodemographic characteristics and behavioral factors, particularly digital behaviors.

Methods

We analyzed cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a large, representative Greater London adolescent cohort study: the Study of Cognition, Adolescents and Mobile Phones (SCAMP). Participants completed surveys at T1 between November 2016 and July 2018 (N=4978; aged 13 to 15 years) and at T2 between July 2020 and June 2021 (N=1328; aged 16 to 18 years). Depression and anxiety were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, respectively. Information on the duration of total mobile phone use, social network site use, and video gaming was also collected using questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of sociodemographic characteristics, digital technology use, and sleep duration with clinically significant depression and anxiety.

Results

The proportion of adolescents who had clinical depression and anxiety significantly increased at T2 (depression: 140/421, 33.3%; anxiety: 125/425, 29.4%) compared with the proportion of adolescents at T1 (depression: 57/421, 13.5%; anxiety: 58/425, 13.6%; P for 2-proportion z test <.001 for both depression and anxiety). Depression and anxiety levels were similar between the summer holiday, school opening, and school closures. Female participants had higher odds of new incident depression (odds ratio [OR] 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.18) and anxiety (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.23-3.61) at T2. A high level of total mobile phone use at T1 was associated with developing depression at T2 (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.02-3.49). Social network site use was associated with depression and anxiety cross-sectionally at T1 and T2 but did not appear to be associated with developing depression or anxiety longitudinally. Insufficient sleep at T1 was associated with developing depression at T2 (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.31-3.91).

Conclusions

The mental health of this large sample of adolescents from London deteriorated during the pandemic without noticeable variations relating to public health measures. The deterioration was exacerbated in girls, those with preexisting high total mobile phone use, and those with preexisting disrupted sleep. Our findings suggest the necessity for allocating resources to address these modifiable factors and target high-risk groups.
Characteristics of Teachers’ Classroom Discourse in an EFL Setting
Authors: Al-Buraiki Sheikha
Published: January 2024

This study explored the characteristics of teacher classroom discourse in an EFL setting. Two middle school teachers teaching grades seven and eight were observed and data for analysis were collected via audio recording on the two lessons and via some field notes. The first eleven minutes of each lesson were transcribed and analyzed for the most common features of the teacher’s talk. The findings revealed a number of characteristics for their classroom discourse which involved teacher echo, extended teacher turn, display questions, error correction, extended wait time and content feedback. The research suggested that teachers need to be aware of the vast range of classroom discoursal features and to rely less on their current practices that characterize their classroom discourse as they may not result in fruitful learning.
Probiotics as a Sustainable Approach in Health Enrichment
Authors: Rajeev Ashwin , Sudheer Aiswarya , Chattopadhyay Indranil
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the scientific community has paid closer attention to the dynamics involved in metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Clinicians and researchers are confronting new challenges as a result of these rapidly spreading diseases with epidemic dimensions. A unique strategy that might shift the gut microbiota’s composition, improve food absorption, and modify the immune system in a way that would alleviate the disease was required to avert these dysbiotic conditions. The therapeutic effects of conventional probiotics were enhanced by the concurrent administration of prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics. The sustainability characteristics of probiotic formulations lead to their use in a wide range of human health conditions, from digestive problems to cognitive impairment. Probiotics were created as a long-term approach to healthcare to increase individual well-being.
Understanding the Role of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) in User friendliness in Navigating the Computer System
Authors: Moholkar Vihang
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This research paper aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the field of HCI, tracing its historical development, examining its core concepts, methods, and approaches, and shedding light on its profound impact on society. Furthermore, it will delve into emerging trends in HCI, the challenges it faces, and the opportunities it offers. The paper will conclude by discussing the future directions of HCI research and its continued relevance in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.
The Effect of Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion on Income Inequality in Indonesia
Authors: Zulkarnain Aidillia , Satrianto Alpon
Published: January 2024

Income inequality is an economic phenomenon that has an impact on economic instability and the welfare of society. Indonesia's income inequality has not significantly improved or changed much from previous years. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial literacy and financial inclusion on income inequality in Indonesia. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research. The data used is panel data of 34 provinces in Indonesia in 2016, 2019, and 2022. The analysis method used is Panel Data Regression using the Random Effect Model (REM) approach. The results show that (1) financial literacy does not affect income inequality in Indonesia; (2) financial inclusion does not affect income inequality in Indonesia; (3) poverty has a significant positive effect on income inequality in Indonesia; and (4) wages has a significant negative effect on income inequality in Indonesia. Suggestions in this study: Financial institutions should start expanding the target of introducing new and existing products to increase public understanding and confidence, especially among the lower middle class. In addition, government intervention must be carried out massively and aggressively so that a general understanding of finance increases.
Construcción y validación de cuestionarios para evaluar el riesgo de los antibióticos veterinarios en el consumo de huevo e impacto en la seguridad alimentaria
Authors: Tejeda Rodríguez Eriberto Joel , Arreguín Andrea
Published: January 2024

La producción avícola es uno de los sectores agropecuarios de mayor importancia a nivel mundial por sus grandes aportes nutricionales en productos como la carne y el huevo para fines de la alimentación humana. En este sentido, para asegurar y mantener la producción se utilizan antibióticos veterinarios para tratar o prevenir agentes patógenos que causan enfermedades. El objetivo del estudio fue diseñar y validar dos cuestionarios para evaluar el riesgo de los antibióticos veterinarios de uso en gallinas ponedoras de huevos y su percepción de impacto con relación con la seguridad alimentaria. Se determinaron su lógica y validez de contenido mediante la evaluación por expertos. La validez de constructo se realizó mediante el análisis factorial exploratorio y la confiabilidad con el coeficiente de Alpha de Cronbach. Se aplicó a 44 establecimientos o productores de huevos en la provincia Espaillat y 385 consumidores de la provincia Santo Domingo. Se obtuvo un coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach de 0.799 para productores de huevos y veterinarias y 0.771 para los consumidores. El análisis de componente principales permitió identificar la medida de adecuación del tamaño de muestra KMO de 0.558 para los productores de huevos y veterinarias y 0.797 para los consumidores. El cuestionario está conformado por 8 factores y 22 ítems para los productores de huevos y veterinarias y 3 factores y 8 ítems para los consumidores. Los resultados confirman que la escala encontrada es confiable y válida para la construcción de los riesgos asociados al posible consumo de los alimentos con residuos de antibióticos veterinarios.
Índice de área foliar e indicadores de productividad forrajera de Lotus corniculatus L. en diferentes contenidos de humedad del suelo y estaciones del año
Authors: Pedroza Sandoval Aurelio , Xolocotzi Acoltzi Sahara , Trejo Calzada Ricardo , García de los Santos Gabino , Álvarez Vázquez Perpetuo , Arreola Ávila Jesús Guadalupe
Published: January 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la respuesta del índice de área foliar y productividad forrajera de genotipos del trébol Lotus corniculatus bajo dos contenidos de humedad del suelo en condiciones de malla-sombra. Se usó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar en arreglo de parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. Las parcelas grandes fueron los contenidos de humedad en el suelo: óptimo (COHS: 26 % ± 1.5) y subóptimo (CSHS: 22 % ± 1.5); y las parcelas chicas las accesiones de L. corniculatus: 255301, 255305, 202700, 226792 y la variedad Estanzuela Ganador. Las variables medidas fueron el índice de área foliar (IAF), producción de biomasa en materia seca (MS) (g planta-1), tasa de incremento de forraje seco (TIFS) (g planta-1 dia-1) y relación hoja/tallo (H/T), más las variables climáticas de temperatura (°C) y humedad relativa (%) en la malla sombra. La accesión 255305 fue la de mejor respuesta en IAF, MS y TIFS, con valores de 3.2, 94.9 g planta-1 y 0.30 g planta-1 d-1, respectivamente, en COHS; en tanto que Estanzuela Ganador tuvo la mejor respuesta en IAF en CSHS. No hubo diferencias (P≤0.05) entre los materiales genéticos evaluados en MS y TIFS con valores promedios de 82.4 g planta-1 y de 0.26 g planta-1 día-1, respectivamente. Las accesiones 255301 y 226792 fueron las de mejor relación H/T con valores de 2.9 y 2.5, respectivamente. En general, el mejor comportamiento productivo en términos de MS se tuvo en primavera, verano, y verano-otoño con valores de 17.5, 11.7 y 17.7 g planta-1, respectivamente.
Seguridad agroalimentaria y comercio internacional en Colombia Agri-Food
Authors: García Mogollón Ana Milena
Published: January 2024

La salud de las personas se resiente a causa de la alimentación poco saludable, y la alta inflación de la economía doméstica por la pérdida de poder adquisitivo ya que es más difícil el acceso a alimentos adecuados y aceptables en la actualidad. En la metodología se emplea la norma UNE 166006:2006 define la Vigilancia Tecnológica como el “proceso organizado, selectivo y permanente de captar información. Con la entrada del nuevo gobierno, las políticas públicas deberán proporcionar un ambiente favorable para el desarrollo de las diferentes agroindustrias con un mayor valor agregado, que incentive la creación de nuevos empleos sobre todo en el sector agroindustrial de nuestro país. Se realizó investigación no experimental con diseño de tendencia en donde se analizaron múltiples indicadores con cambios evidentes en los últimos años. Se observa déficit de la balanza comercial que inciden sobre indicadores del sistema alimentario.
Linguomedial Reconstruction of an Event: COVID-19 Pandemic Coverage in British and French Quality Press
Authors: Lomakin Boris Ye.
Published: January 2024

The article looks at linguistic units applied for creating an image of an event. The first section of the article dwells on the most important works of Russian scholars in the field under investigation. Here, the term “linguomedial reconstruction of an event” is introduced and defined as the creation of an image of an event in mass media, including the analysis of information, its interpretation, creating media texts, and their positioning and functioning in media space. The second section describes in detail the analysis of informational and analytical media texts from British and French quality press dedicated to the Coonavirus pandemic: spread of the new virus, measures taken by the authorities, and vaccination. The analysis was conducted on lexical (identification of key lexical components of the texts) and suprasegmental (identification of key structural elements of the text) levels. The third section contains the results of the study. It was found out that both informational and analytical media texts consist of roughly equal number (usually less than 6) of topic-based sections (TBS). Analytical texts explore each topic more fully than informational ones; besides, the former include such topic as ‘expert opinion’. Seemingly, the larger is the volume of articles describing certain topic, the higher position this topic takes in news agenda. Any TBS may be characterized with a particular set of words and expressions - its lexical base. The lexical base of the TBS differs between cultures; the study shows that British quality press media prefer words describing actions and deeds, while French ones pay more attention to emotional response to the event. Besides, it was noted that military lexical units were widely used in pandemic new coverage, thus conceptualizing anti-coronavirus measures as military actions.
About the unusual name “drone” in the Udmurt language of the 18th century
Authors: Ivshin Leonid M.
Published: January 2024

The relevance of the proposed topic is due to the insufficient identification and description of the vocabulary of fauna, as one of the most archaic layers in the vocabulary of almost all FinnoUgric languages. The purpose of this study is to trace the history of the written fixation of the word var-bozgo ‘drone’ in the Udmurt language, starting from its first appearance in the earliest written monuments of the 18th century and ending with the main lexicographic works of the modern period, to consider the lexical-semantic formation of a complex name and determine by possibilities of its etymology. Achieving this goal seems possible by solving problems related to identifying and describing this entomological term in comparison with data from other related and unrelated languages. The research material is handwritten and published written monuments of the 18th-19th centuries, the most important lexicographic works on the Udmurt language of the modern period, as well as possible parallels of these words from contacting related and unrelated languages. The descriptive method is mainly used, as well as some elements of semantic and comparative etymological analysis. The name var-bozgo ‘drone’ is unique - it has no typological parallels, it is recorded only in one written source - the handwritten grammar of M. Myshkin, compiled in the second half of the 18th century. To develop the question, further fixation of individual components of this complex word in the Udmurt language, which function with high and low frequency, is provided. As a result of the study, an expansion of the lexical and semantic content of the word bozgo was discovered during the development of the language. Etymological analysis made it possible to identify the origin of the constituent elements of the entomological term: var ‘servant, slave’ has parallels in many Finno-Permian languages and is an original Udmurt word of the Finno-Permian period of development of the base language; and the origin of the component bozgo ‘zhuk; dung beetle’ is associated with the expressive-figurative word boz ( boz-boz ), expressing the sound image of a buzzing or low voice, to which the unproductive nominal formant -go was added during the period of independent formation of the Udmurt language.
Languages of the Indigenous Peoples of Siberia: Ethnic Translation Aspect
Authors: Razumovskaya Veronica A.
Published: January 2024

The article addresses the linguistic, anthropological and cultural prerequisites for the emergence of Ethnic Translation Studies, understood as an actively developing frontier zone of modern humanities. The symbolic meaning of the frontier is proposed in the translation discourse to denote the meeting zone of the old and the new, the studied and the unexplored. The recognition of the inherently complex and ambiguous nature of the frontier under consideration determines the need for its research within the framework of traditional areas of translation science and its corresponding categorical paradigm, as well as with the mandatory involvement of new knowledge, concepts and categories from “near” and “far” for Translation Studies scientific fields and, above all, the sciences of ethnic area. The integration of various approaches provides the required interdisciplinary approach to the ethnic text - a new object of translation activity and an unconditional key concept of Ethnic Translation Studies, which is currently at the stage of its formation and acquisition of a categorical apparatus. The ethnic text is defined in the study as an ethnocultural information “capsule” that arises and functions in the cultural spaces of certain regions and the entire multilingual and polycultural world, which contributes to the preservation of cultural information and memory of a particular ethnic group and reveals a close connection with the cultural identity of its representatives, and also supports the cultural and linguistic diversity of mankind. The study, which has both descriptive and prescriptive character, is addressed to the situation that has developed in the field of translations of indigenous peoples of Siberia ethnic texts. The article defines the main areas and tasks of Ethnic Translation Studies, as well as further prospects for its application. Ethnic translation is understood as the “key” to the cultural information of ethnic text and an effective tool for preserving the unique languages and cultures of the indigenous peoples of Siberia, their revitalization and revival. The separation of ethnic translation into an independent field of Translation Studies involves the creation of new opportunities for representatives of “other” cultures of the world to get acquainted with the unique languages and cultures of Siberia, some of which are on the verge of extinction. Ethnic Translation Studies can also become important for maintaining and strengthening cultural identity among representatives of ethnic groups who have practically lost their mother tongue.
Cultural Boundaries in Post-Soviet Russian-Language Texts of Kazakhstan’s Writers
Authors: Yatsenko Irina I. , Yatsenko Antonina V.
Published: January 2024

Within the latest decades a general trend has been manifested in the texts of the Russianspeaking writers of Kazakhstan: a comprehensive rethinking of the recent Soviet past in the context of national tradition and self-identification Kazakhstan’s people today. To study and analyze this trend, the stories of the following nine modern Kazakhstani authors were thoroughly selected: A. Sakhariev, R. Kunbaev, G. Doronin, N. Chernova, B. Kanapyanov, S. Nazarova, A. Omar, I. Odegov, and E. Klepikova. The signs of a local Kazakh text are revealed in the writings of these authors, where the patterns coexist and compete with each other, thus fixing the unique national Kazakh picture of the world, on the one hand, and the Soviet realities, on the other one. The analysis of the texts was aimed to clarify the outcomes of the cultural “dialogue” between traditional, deeply existential Kazakh culture and the imposed one - initially Russian, then the Soviet culture. Thus, the main question reads as follows: does this “dialogue” lead to the obliteration of the cultural boundary, or are there any zones of absolute non-coincidence and, perhaps, confrontation between the national and the Soviet? The study of the texts has demonstrated the stable patterns that reflect the entrenched national picture of the Kazakhstani world: the traditional cultural relationships between people, a customary and ritualized way of life, manners and customs, the strength of beliefs, and mythology. The patterns that demonstrate the Soviet features imposed on the life of Kazakhstan, as a rule, indicate only a partial acceptance of such novelty and rejection of what was imposed and harmed the republic (e. g. the Semipalatinsk tests polygon). The contrast and compare between the patterns of city and village / aul that has little in common with the contrast between the city and the countryside in the prose of Russian village writers, bears a special context load. The analysis of the stories showed that it is precisely the Soviet city that could be found in any republic of the ex-USSR, whereas any Kazakhstan’s countryside is precisely the Kazakh aul with its established unique rituals and norms of existence. As a result of the texts study, it has been concluded that these stories reflect a real trend in the development of sovereign Kazakhstan: to do away with the Soviet order and return to traditional values.
Methodological Principles of Teaching Russian to Bilingual Children at Elementary School
Authors: Grankina Ludmila A.
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the urgent problem of identifying the methodological foundations of teaching Russian to younger schoolchildren for whom Russian is not their native language. The topic proposed for consideration is characterized by a broad scientific and descriptive context of the problem that is of interest to specialists in psychology, pedagogy and linguo-didactics, and a pronounced practical aspect that is associated with the need to develop a consistent methodological approach to teaching Russian in a mixed language group of elementary school students. Russian is the primary and only language of instruction, and the composition of the trainees is characterized by a different status of linguistic personality, including bilingual children with varying degrees of proficiency in Russian as a non-native language and children for whom Russian is their native language. Taking into account the varying degrees of proficiency in the Russian language by bilingual children at the initial moment of schooling, the purpose of the study is precisely to identify and analyze the fundamental provisions that are actualized in modern linguo-didactics on this issue. The materials of the study were modern studies in the field of pedagogy, psychology, linguo-culturology and linguo-didactics, devoted to the organization of the educational space of bilingual children learning Russian in a mixed language group. The leading method in the study is the analytical modeling of the educational environment as a condition for the formation of a student’s linguistic personality. The relevance of the research is due to both the interdisciplinary focus of the problem and the diversity of the selected topic, which requires discussion taking into account various factors of the effectiveness of the organization of training. The following principles of the organization of the educational space of bilingual children in modern primary school are substantiated as the leading ones in the study: (1) linguo-culturological, due to the complex nature of the formation of the linguistic picture of the world and communicative skills of a linguistic personality as a subject of learning; (2) competence-based, arising from objective (socio-cultural factor, normative provisions) and subjective (age, learning conditions in a particular mixed-character language team, personal orientations, the level of development of a linguistic personality and its communicativespeech ability, etc.); (3) communicative-activity, taking into account the psycholinguistic factor of the development of speech ability as the activity sphere of the linguistic personality, determined, among other things, by the space of educational communication.
Increasing the Level of Motivation of Foreign International Relations and Bilingual Students in Studying the Language of Professional Communication
Authors: Afanasieva Nina D. , Zakharchenko Svetlana S. , Mogileva Irina B.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the description of the work of teachers of the Russian Language Department of MGIMO on the development of professional competence of foreign students. The authors describe some methods of active learning such as business games and student conferences. Business games allows teachers to solve the following tasks: activation of the studied lexical and grammatical material, the development of new vocabulary, syntactic constructions, norms of communicative behavior; training in the construction of monological speech and dialogue; motivation of students to increase their linguistic and cultural knowledge. Participation in student conferences helps to strengthen motivation for a more in-depth study of the Russian language, increase the level of education of students, proves the need for independent work. The article analyzes the experience of holding business games, conferences and the UN Model in MGIMO.
On the algorithmization of construction of the transition intensity matrix in systems with a large number of same elements
Authors: Matyushenko Sergey I. , Zaryadov Ivan S.
Published: January 2024

In this article, using the example of a multi-channel exponential queueing system with reordering of requests, we study the problem of computer construction of the state space and coefficient matrix of a system of equilibrium equations. As a result, general principles for solving problems of this type are formulated.
Demographic indicators, models, and testing
Authors: Shilovsky Gregory A. , Seliverstov Alexandr V. , Zverkov Oleg A.
Published: January 2024

The use of simple demographic indicators to describe mortality dynamics can obscure important features of the survival curve, particularly during periods of rapid change, such as those caused by internal or external factors, and especially at the oldest or youngest ages. Therefore, instead of the generally accepted Gompertz method, other methods based on demographic indicators are often used. In human populations, chronic phenoptosis, in contrast to age-independent acute phenoptosis, is characterized by rectangularization of the survival curve and an accompanying increase in average life expectancy at birth, which can be attributed to advances in society and technology. Despite the simple geometric interpretation of the phenomenon of rectangularization of the survival curve, it is difficult to notice one, detecting changes in the optimal coefficients in the Gompertz-Makeham law due to high computational complexity and increased calculation errors. This is avoided by calculating demographic indicators such as the Keyfitz entropy, the Gini coefficient, and the coefficient of variation in lifespan. Our analysis of both theoretical models and real demographic data shows that with the same value of the Gini coefficient in the compared cohorts, a larger value of the Keyfitz entropy indicates a greater proportion of centenarians relative to average life expectancy. On the contrary, at the same value of the Keyfitz entropy, a larger value of the Gini coefficient corresponds to a relatively large mortality at a young age. We hypothesize that decreases in the Keyfitz entropy may be attributable to declines in background mortality, reflected in the Makeham term, or to reductions in mortality at lower ages, corresponding to modifications in another coefficient of the Gompertz law. By incorporating dynamic shifts in age into survival analyses, we can deepen our comprehension of mortality patterns and aging mechanisms, ultimately contributing to the development of more reliable methods for evaluating the efficacy of anti-aging and geroprotective interventions used in gerontology.
On application of solution continuation method with respect to the best exponential argument in solving stiff boundary value problems
Authors: Tsapko Ekaterina D. , Leonov Sergey S. , Kuznetsov Evgenii B.
Published: January 2024

The problematic of solving stiff boundary value problems permeates numerous scientific and engineering disciplines, demanding novel approaches to surpass the limitations of traditional numerical techniques. This research delves into the implementation of the solution continuation method with respect to the best exponential argument, to address these stiff problems characterized by rapidly evolving integral curves. The investigation was conducted by comparing the efficiency and stability of this novel method against the conventional shooting method, which has been a cornerstone in addressing such problems but struggles with the erratic growth of integral curves. The results indicate a marked elevation in computational efficiency when the problem is transformed using the exponential best argument. This method is particularly pronounced in scenarios where integral curves exhibit exponential growth speed. The main takeaway from this study is the instrumental role of the regularization parameter. Its judicious selection based on the unique attributes of the problem can dictate the efficiency of the solution. In summary, this research not only offers an innovative method to solve stiff boundary value problems but also underscores the nuances involved in method selection, potentially paving the way for further refinements and applications in diverse domains.
Electricity Market Integration, Decarbonisation and Security of Supply: Dynamic Volatility Connectedness in the Irish and Great Britain Markets
Authors: Do Hung , Nepal Rabindra , Jamasb Tooraj
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the volatility connectedness between the Irish and Great Britain electricity markets and how it is driven by changes in energy policy, institutional structures and political ideologies. We assess various aspects of volatility connectedness between 2009 and 2018. Among other implications, our results suggest that supporting renewable generation by setting an appropriate carbon price in interconnected wholesale electricity markets will improve market integration.
Pesquisa na Educação: reflexões acerca das condições para a formação continuada em stricto-sensu
Authors: Zimmermann Pereira Guesser Silvia , de Souza Hobold Márcia
Published: January 2024

Este ensaio propõe-se a discutir questões que permeiam a trajetória acadêmica dos/as estudantes de pós-graduação stricto sensu, a formação dos/as novos/as pesquisadores/as, o processo de elaboração da pesquisa, os paradigmas epistemológicos, as escolhas teóricas, métodos e técnicas de pesquisa, para a elaboração das dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado, à luz de Mazzotti-Alves (2012), Nobrega-Thérrien (2004, 2021) e Severino (2012). Conclui-se, que a trajetória do/a estudante/pesquisador/a não depende somente de escolhas pessoais, mas também, das condições objetivas e subjetivas presentes e/ou ausentes na academia.
Incidentes relacionados à segurança do paciente no estado do Piauí: estudo retrospectivo
Authors: Sousa Brito Maria Eduarda de , Silva Indira Camilly Esmero Carvalho e , Carvalho Maria Luiza Sousa , Silva Maysa Lis Luz e , Fernandes Pereira Francisco Gilberto
Published: January 2024

Objetivou-se descrever os incidentes relacionados à assistência à saúde entre os anos de 2018 a 2020 no Estado do Piauí. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, que utilizou como fonte os relatórios do Sistema de Notificações para a Vigilância Sanitária. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário e analisados por meio da estatística descritiva. A faixa etária mais acometida está entre 56 a 85 anos (3.456 – 45,9%). O evento adverso mais notificado é a Lesão por Pressão (2.368 – 31,5%) e broncoaspiração, tendo o mês de fevereiro apresentado maior índice de notificação (775 – 10,3%). O ambiente hospitalar é o responsável pelo número mais expressivo de notificações (7.087 – 95,7). Em relação ao grau de dano, os casos leves foram os mais evidenciados (2.466). Conclui-se que os incidentes relacionados à assistência à saúde se constituem em uma realidade no Estado do Piauí, necessitando assim de medidas educativas para sua redução.
Estudo do potencial nutricional e funcional de frações do jambolão syzygium cumini (l.): uma revisão
Authors: Silva Souza Lauriane , Macêdo Viana Eduardo Bruno , De Lima Silva dos Santos Carla Állyssa , Souza Ribeiro Jéssica , Camelo Eloi de Souza Cassiara , Elena Zanuto Marcia
Published: January 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi abordar a composição química, teor de bioativos e potencial nutricional e terapêutico de diferentes partes do fruto de Syzygium cumini (L.) (jambolão).  Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, utilizando três bases de dados eletrônicas (Science Direct, Google Acadêmico e PubMed) e descritores de características química, bioativos e funcionalidade. Foram identificados 241 artigos, publicados entre 2011 a 2021, dos quais 34 artigos foram selecionados para compor a presente revisão. Dos 34 (100%) artigos encontrados, 21 (61,76%) foram realizados no Brasil, 10 (29,41%) na Índia, 1 (2,94%) na China, 1 (2,94%) em Bangladesh e 1 (2,94%) no Paquistão.  Das características físico-químicas e químicas observou-se maior número de trabalhos com a polpa do jambolão. Entretanto as sementes se destacaram quanto ao teor de proteína, lipídeos, fibras e carboidratos. Quanto aos bioativos presentes na polpa com casca e semente do jambolão, os principais foram os compostos fenólicos, antocianinas e taninos. O jambolão também mostrou diversas propriedades funcionais como a atividade antidiabética, principalmente na semente do fruto, função antioxidante, ação antineoplásica, ação anti-hiperlipidêmica, cardioprotetora, antibacteriana, antiobesidade e anti-hipertensiva. Conclui-se que as partes do fruto estudadas apresentam elevado valor nutricional e diversas funcionalidades, mostrando potencial para serem integradas a dieta em sua forma in natura, quanto processada, agregando maior valor a esta espécie medicinal “jambolão”.
Navigating the roads of corporate strategy: An in-depth analysis of mobile taxi industry from the customers’ lens
Authors: Sharma Sukarn
Published: January 2024

This study aims to identify passenger preferences for mobile app based taxi services in Dehradun, India, to ensure sustainable business growth. The Indian taxi industry is expected to reach USD38.90 billion by 2028, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.55% from its projected value of USD20.61 billion in 2023 (Mordor Intelligence, 2023). A structured questionnaire with 28 attributes was employed in a cross-sectional survey of 384 purposively selected respondents who have used Uber and Ola at least three times. Importance–performance analysis (IPA) was utilized for data analysis. IPA identifies improvement opportunities, guides strategic planning, and assesses a firm’s competitive position in the market (Hawes & Rao, 1985; Martilla & James, 1977; Myers, 1999). The study found mobile app-based taxi services in Dehradun excelled in areas like app usability, availability of vehicles, precise locations, quick response time, multiple payment options, and the ability to call the driver through the app. The study also found that the drivers’ communication skills, map familiarity, smooth driving, and passengers’ security during the trip were satisfactory. However, the study recommends improvements in the availability and waiting time of the vehicles during odd hours, variation in taxi fares, drivers’ cancellation of rides, and availability of discounts.
Impact of agricultural development on economic and financial situation of cooperative banks in Poland
Authors: Siudek Tomasz
Published: January 2024

The paper examines the impact of development of agricultural sector on performance of the cooperative banks in Poland in years 1997-2004. The levels of the agricultural development and the economic/financial situation of the banks were assessed by using country-level and regional-level aggregate indicators based on the factor analysis. The research results show that the type of region (i.e. voivodeship and macro-region) has a statistically significant impact both on the aggregate indicator of agricultural development and the aggregate indicator of banks’ performance. As for the relationship between the agricultural development level and the economic/financial situation of banks, statistically significant correlations were found only for four out of sixteen voivodeships.
Wsparcie z funduszu SPO rolnictwa w gminach o zróżnicowanym poziomie rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego
Authors: Błażejowska Małgorzata
Published: January 2024

Istotnym elementem wpływającym na sytuację dochodową polskiego rolnictwa jest pomoc unijna. Artykuł ma na celu określenie wysokości wsparcia z SPO Rolnictwo w jednostkach samorządowych o zróżnicowanym poziomie rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego na przykładzie gmin woj. zachodniopomorskiego. Wykazano, że pomoc unijna nie jest skutecznym narzędziem wyrównywania różnic w układzie intraregionalnym pomiędzy gminami
Wpływ zmiany systemu płatności bezpośrednich na wyniki rolnictwa w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Kalińska Justyna
Published: January 2024

Przedstawiono strukturę płatności bezpośrednich w wybranych krajach UE, oraz ich wpływ na wartość produkcji rolniczej i wielkość dochodu rolniczego. Podjęto próbę analizy skutków zmiany systemu dla Polski. Analizę oparto na wynikach makroekonomicznych pochodzących z Rachunków Ekonomicznych dla Rolnictwa
Porównanie sytuacji ekonomicznej polskich indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych z gospodarstwami innych krajów UE w latach 2000-2005
Authors: Ryś-Jurek Roma
Published: January 2024

W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia wybranych aspektów sytuacji ekonomicznej sektora indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce na tle Unii Europejskiej w latach 2000-2005, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem sytuacji agrarnej, produkcyjnej i dochodowej w sektorze. Porównania Polski z krajami UE wykazują, że Polska jest krajem o znacznym potencjale rolnictwa. Do najtrudniejszych problemów w sektorze można zaliczyć: niekorzystną strukturę agrarną, przerost zatrudnienia, niski stopień specjalizacji gospodarstw, niski udział gospodarstw towarowych, niekorzystną strukturę źródeł dochodów rolniczych w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych, niedostatek nowoczesnego kapitału. Porównanie średnich wyników gospodarstwa rolnego polskiego i unijnego w 2004 roku w ramach rachunkowości unijnej pokazuje, że większość wybranych kategorii ekonomicznych była około 3-krotnie niższa w polskim przeciętnym gospodarstwie niż w unijnym