bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF COMORBIDITY AND PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
Authors:   Gomel State Medical University, Ruzanov D.Yu. , Davidovskaya E.I. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pulmonology and Tuberculosis, Pleshko A.A. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Grigorenko E.A. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Buynevich I.V. ,   Gomel State Medical University
Published: February 2021

The publication provides a brief overview of the most significant pathogenetic and pathophysiological mechanisms that will explain the phenomenon of comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular pathology (CVD). Moreover, in this review is considered the potential impact of the recommended treatment of COPD on the risks and course of cardiovascular diseases from the perspective of evidence-based medicine. It has been shown that COPD and cardiovascular diseases share single risk factors, common pathogenetic mechanisms, unidirectional pathophysiological processes, similar clinical symptoms and effects synergistically with respect to adverse events and outcomes, which allows us to attribute this combination to category of comorbid pathology. The presented results of randomized clinical trials and meta-analyzes demonstrate that currently no COPD guidelines contain detailed clinical recommendations for assessing cardiovascular risk in this category of patients, nor are there enough guidelines for the treatment of COPD in patients with cardiovascular disease or vice versa. In terms of international experience, it is substantiated that the comorbid pathology of COPD and CVD should not be considered isolated from each other.
Sensitivity of precipitation formation to secondary ice production in
winter orographic mixed-phase clouds
Authors: Dedekind Zane , Lauber Annika , Ferrachat Sylvaine , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The discrepancy between the observed concentration of ice nucleating particles (INPs) and the ice crystal number concentration (ICNC) remains unresolved and limits our understanding of ice formation and hence precipitation amount, location and intensity. Enhanced ice formation through secondary ice production (SIP) could be accounting for this discrepancy. Here, we present the results from a sensitivity model study in the Eastern Swiss Alps with additional simulated in-cloud SIP on precipitation formation and consequently on surface precipitation. The SIP processes considered include rime splintering, droplet shattering during freezing and breakup through ice-ice collisions. We simulated the passage of a cold front at Gotschnagrat, a peak at 2281 m above sea level (a.s.l.), on 7 March 2019 with COSMO, at a 1 km horizontal resolution, as part of the RACLETS field campaign in the Davos region in Switzerland. The largest simulated difference in the ICNC at the surface originated from the breakup simulations. Indeed, breakup caused a 1 to 3 order of magnitude increase in the ICNC compared to SIP from rime splintering or without SIP processes in the control simulations. The ICNCs from the collisional breakup simulations at Gotschnagrat were in better agreement with the ICNCs measured on a gondola near the surface. However, these simulations were not able to reproduce the ice crystal habits near the surface. Enhanced ICNCs from collisional breakup reduced localized regions of higher precipitation and thereby improving the model performance in terms of surface precipitation over the domain.
Measurement report: Hydrolyzed amino acids in fine and coarse atmospheric aerosol in Nanchang, China: concentrations, compositions, sources and possible bacterial degradation state
Authors: Zhu Ren-Guo , Xiao Hua-Yun , Luo Li , Xiao Hongwei , Wen Zequn , Zhu Yuwen , Fang Xiaozheng , Pan Yuanyuan , Chen Zhenping
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Amino acids (AAs) are relevant for nitrogen cycles, climate
change and public health. Their size distribution may help to uncover the
source, transformation and fate of protein in the atmosphere. This paper
explores the use of compound-specific δ15N patterns of
hydrolyzed amino acid (HAA), δ15N values of total hydrolyzed
amino acid (δ15NTHAA), degradation index (DI) and the
variance within trophic AAs (∑V) as markers to examine the sources and
processing history of different sizes of particle in the atmosphere. Two weeks of
daily aerosol samples from five sampling sites in the Nanchang area (Jiangxi
Province, China) and samples of main emission sources of AAs in aerosols
(biomass burning, soil and plants) were collected (Zhu et al., 2020). Here,
we measured the concentrations and δ15N values of each HAA in
two size-segregated aerosol particles (> 2.5 µm and PM2.5).
Our results showed that the average concentrations of THAA in fine particles
was nearly 6 times higher than that in coarse particles (p < 0.01)
and composition profiles of fine and coarse particles were quite different
from each other. The δ15N values of hydrolyzed glycine and THAA
in both fine and coarse particles were typically in the range of those from
biomass burning, soil and plant sources. Moreover, the average difference in
the δ15NTHAA value between fine and coarse particles was
smaller than 1.5 ‰. These results suggested that the
sources of atmospheric HAAs for fine and coarse particles might be similar.
Meanwhile, compared to fine particles, significantly lower DI values
(p  <  0.05), “scattered” δ15N distribution in trophic AA
and higher ∑V values (p < 0.05) were observed in coarse
particles. But the difference in δ15N values of source AA
(glycine, serine, phenylalanine and lysine) and THAA between coarse
particles and fine particles was relatively small. It is likely that AAs in
coarse particles have advanced bacterial degradation states compared to fine
particles. Besides that, the significant increase in DI values and a
decrease in ∑V values for coarse particles were observed on days on which
precipitation fell (p  <  0.05). This implies that “fresh” AAs in
coarse particles were likely released following the precipitation.
Validation of pure rotational Raman temperature data from the Raman Lidar for Meteorological Observations (RALMO) at Payerne
Authors: Martucci Giovanni , Navas-Guzmán Francisco , Renaud Ludovic , Romanens Gonzague , Gamage S. Mahagammulla , Hervo Maxime , Jeannet Pierre , Haefele Alexander
Published: February 2021

Abstract. The Raman Lidar for Meteorological Observations (RALMO) is operated at the MeteoSwiss station of Payerne (Switzerland) and provides, amongst other products, continuous measurements of temperature since 2010. The temperature profiles are retrieved from the pure rotational Raman (PRR) signals detected around the 355 nm Cabannes line. The transmitter and receiver systems of RALMO are described in detail, and the reception and acquisition units of the PRR channels are thoroughly characterized. The FastCom P7888 card used to acquire the PRR signal, the calculation of the dead time and the desaturation procedure are also presented. The temperature profiles retrieved from RALMO PRR data during the period going from July 2017 to the end of December 2018 have been validated against two reference operational radiosounding systems (ORSs) co-located with RALMO, i.e. the Meteolabor SRS-C50 and the Vaisala RS41. The ORSs have also served to perform the calibration of the RALMO temperature during the validation period. The maximum bias (ΔTmax), mean bias (μ) and mean standard deviation (σ) of RALMO temperature Tral with respect to the reference ORS, Tors, are used to characterize the accuracy and precision of Tral along the troposphere. The daytime statistics provide information essentially about the lower troposphere due to lower signal-to-noise ratio. The ΔTmax, μ and σ of the differences ΔT=Tral-Tors are, respectively, 0.28, 0.02±0.1 and 0.62±0.03 K. The nighttime statistics provide information for the entire troposphere and yield ΔTmax=0.29 K, μ=0.05±0.34 K and σ=0.66±0.06 K. The small ΔTmax, μ and σ values obtained for both daytime and nighttime comparisons indicate the high stability of RALMO that has been calibrated only seven times over 18 months. The retrieval method can correct for the largest sources of correlated and uncorrelated errors, e.g. signal noise, dead time of the acquisition system and solar background. Especially the solar radiation (scattered into the field of view from the zenith angle Φ) affects the quality of PRR signals and represents a source of systematic error for the retrieved temperature. An imperfect subtraction of the background from the daytime PRR profiles induces a bias of up to 2 K at all heights. An empirical correction f(Φ) ranging from 0.99 to 1 has therefore been applied to the mean background of the PRR signals to remove the bias. The correction function f(Φ) has been validated against the numerical weather prediction model COSMO (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling), suggesting that f(Φ) does not introduce any additional source of systematic or random error to Tral. A seasonality study has been performed to help with understanding if the overall daytime and nighttime zero bias hides seasonal non-zero biases that cancel out when combined in the full dataset.
Introducing the extended volatility range proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (EVR PTR-MS)
Authors: Piel Felix , Müller Markus , Winkler Klaus , Skytte af Sätra Jenny , Wisthaler Armin
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is widely used in atmospheric sciences for measuring volatile organic compounds in real time. In the most widely used type of PTR-MS instruments, air is directly introduced into a chemical ionization reactor via an inlet capillary system. The reactor has a volumetric exchange time of ∼0.1 s,
enabling PTR-MS analyzers to measure at a frequency of 10 Hz. The time
response does, however, deteriorate if low-volatility analytes interact with surfaces in the inlet or in the instrument. Herein, we present the
extended volatility range (EVR) PTR-MS instrument which mitigates this
issue. In the EVR configuration, inlet capillaries are made of passivated
stainless steel, and all wetted metal parts in the chemical ionization
reactor are surface-passivated with a functionalized hydrogenated amorphous
silicon coating. Heating the entire setup (up to 120 ∘C) further
improves the time-response performance. We carried out time-response performance tests on a set of 29 analytes
having saturation mass concentrations C0 in the range between 10−3 and 105 µg m−3. The 1/e-signal decay times after instant removal of the analyte from the sampling flow were between 0.2 and 90 s for gaseous analytes. We also tested the EVR PTR-MS instrument in combination with the chemical analysis of aerosols online (CHARON) particle inlet, and 1/e-signal decay times were in the range between 5 and 35 s for particulate analytes. We show on a set of example compounds that the time-response performance of the EVR PTR-MS instrument is comparable to that of the fastest flow tube chemical ionization mass spectrometers that are currently in use. The fast time response can be used for rapid (∼1 min equilibration time) switching between gas and particle measurements. The CHARON EVR PTR-MS instrument can thus be used for real-time monitoring of both gaseous and particulate organics in the atmosphere. Finally, we show that the CHARON EVR PTR-MS instrument also rapidly detects highly oxygenated species (with up to eight oxygen atoms) in particles formed by limonene ozonolysis.
Compact and lightweight mid-infrared laser spectrometer for balloon-borne water vapor measurements in the UTLS
Authors: Graf Manuel , Scheidegger Philipp , Kupferschmid André , Looser Herbert , Peter Thomas , Dirksen Ruud , Emmenegger Lukas , Tuzson Béla
Published: February 2021

Abstract. We describe the development, characterization, and first field deployments of a quantum cascade laser direct absorption spectrometer (QCLAS) for water vapor measurements in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). The instrument is sufficiently small (30×23×11 cm3) and lightweight (3.9 kg) to be carried by meteorological balloons and used for frequent soundings in the UTLS. The spectrometer is a fully independent system, operating autonomously for the duration of a balloon flight. To achieve the required robustness, while satisfying stringent mass limitations, the concepts for optics and electronics have been fundamentally reconsidered compared to laboratory-based spectrometers. A significant enhancement of the mechanical and optical stability is achieved by integrating a newly designed segmented circular multipass cell which allows for 6 m optical path length in a very compact fashion. The H2O volume mixing ratio is retrieved by calibration-free evaluation of the spectral data, i.e., only relying on SI-traceable measurements and absorption line parameters. The open-path design reduces the risk of contamination and allows for fast response and thus high vertical resolution. Laboratory-based characterization experiments show an agreement within 2 % of reference measurements and a precision of 0.1 % under conditions comparable to the UTLS. The instrument successfully performed two balloon-borne test flights up to 28 km altitude. In the troposphere, the retrieved spectroscopic data show an excellent agreement with the accompanying measurements by a frost point hygrometer (CFH). At higher altitude, the quality of the spectral data remained unchanged, but outgassed water vapor within the instrument enclosure was hindering an accurate measurement of the atmospheric water vapor. Despite this limitation, these test flights demonstrated the operation of a compact laser spectrometer in the UTLS aboard a low-volume meteorological balloon, opening the perspective for future highly resolved, accurate, and cost-efficient soundings.
Changes in population depth distribution and oxygen stratification are involved in the current low condition of the eastern Baltic Sea cod (Gadus morhua)
Authors: Casini Michele , Hansson Martin , Orio Alessandro , Limburg Karin
Published: February 2021

Abstract. During the past 20 years, hypoxic areas have expanded rapidly in the
Baltic Sea, which has become one of the largest marine “dead zones” in the
world. At the same time, the most important commercial fish population of
the region, the eastern Baltic cod, has experienced a drastic reduction in
mean body condition, but the processes behind the relation between
deoxygenation and condition remain elusive. Here we use extensive long-term
monitoring data on cod biology and distribution as well as on hydrological
variations to investigate the processes that relate deoxygenation and cod
condition during the autumn season. Our results show that the depth
distribution of cod has increased during the past 4 decades at the same
time of the expansion, and shallowing, of waters with oxygen concentrations
detrimental to cod performance. This has resulted in a progressively
increasing spatial overlap between the cod population and low-oxygenated
waters after the mid-1990s. This spatial overlap and the actual oxygen
concentration experienced by cod therein statistically explained a large
proportion of the changes in cod condition over the years. These results
complement previous analyses on fish otolith microchemistry that also
revealed that since the mid-1990s, cod individuals with low condition were
exposed to low-oxygen waters during their life. This study helps to shed
light on the processes that have led to a decline of the eastern Baltic cod
body condition, which can aid the management of this population currently in
distress. Further studies should focus on understanding why the cod
population has moved to deeper waters in autumn and on analyzing the overlap
with low-oxygen waters in other seasons to quantify the potential effects of
the variations in physical properties on cod biology throughout the year.
Changing sources and processes sustaining surface CO2 and CH4 fluxes along a tropical river to reservoir system
Authors: Soued Cynthia , Prairie Yves T.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Freshwaters are important emitters of carbon dioxide (CO2) and
methane (CH4), two potent greenhouse gases (GHGs). While aquatic
surface GHG fluxes have been extensively measured, there is much less
information about their underlying sources. In lakes and reservoirs, surface
GHG can originate from horizontal riverine flow, the hypolimnion, littoral
sediments, and water column metabolism. These sources are generally studied
separately, leading to a fragmented assessment of their relative role in
sustaining CO2 and CH4 surface fluxes. In this study, we
quantified sources and sinks of CO2 and CH4 in the
epilimnion along a hydrological continuum in a permanently stratified tropical
reservoir (Borneo). Results showed that horizontal inputs are an
important source of both CO2 and CH4 (>90 % of
surface emissions) in the upstream reservoir branches. However, this
contribution fades along the hydrological continuum, becoming negligible in
the main basin of the reservoir, where CO2 and CH4 are
uncoupled and driven by different processes. In the main basin, vertical
CO2 inputs and sediment CH4 inputs contributed to on
average 60 % and 23 % respectively to the surface fluxes of
the corresponding gas. Water column metabolism exhibited wide amplitude and
range for both gases, making it a highly variable component, but with a large
potential to influence surface GHG budgets in either direction. Overall our
results show that sources sustaining surface CO2 and CH4
fluxes vary spatially and between the two gases, with internal metabolism
acting as a fluctuating but key modulator. However, this study also highlights
challenges and knowledge gaps related to estimating ecosystem-scale
CO2 and CH4 metabolism, which hinder aquatic GHG flux
predictions.
Significant depositional changes offshore the Nile Delta in late third millennium BCE: relevance for Egyptology
Authors: Stanley Jean-Daniel , Wedl Sarah E.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. No environmental factor has been as critically important for Egypt's ancient society through time as sufficiently high annual flood levels of the Nile River, the country's major source of fresh water. However, interpretation of core analysis shows reduced depositional accumulation rates and altered compositional attributes of the sediment facies deposited seaward of the Nile Delta during a relatively brief period in the late third millennium BCE. These changes record the effects of displaced climatic belts, decreased rainfall, lower Nile flows, and modified oceanographic conditions offshore in the Levantine Basin, primarily from 2300 to 2000 BCE, taking place at the same time as important geological changes identified by study of cores collected in the Nile Delta. It turns out that integrated multi-disciplinary Earth science and archaeological approaches at dated sites serve to further determine when and how such significant changing environmental events had negative effects in both offshore and landward areas. This study indicates these major climatically induced effects prevailed
concurrently offshore and in Nile Delta sites and at about the time Egypt
abandoned the Old Kingdom's former political system and also experienced
fragmentation of its centralized state. In response, the country's
population would have experienced diminished agricultural production leading to altered societal, political, and economic pressures during the late Old Kingdom to First Intermediate Period at ca. 2200 to 2050 BCE.
The era of infiltration
Authors: Beven Keith
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Inspired by a quotation from Howard Cook in 1946, this paper traces the evolution of the infiltration theory of runoff from the work of Robert Horton and LeRoy Sherman in the 1930s to the early digital computer models of the 1970s and 1980s. The reasons for the popularity of the infiltration theory are considered and its impact on the way in which hydrological responses were perceived by several generations of hydrologists. Reconsideration of the perceptual model for many catchments,
partly as a result of the greater appreciation of the contribution of
subsurface flows to the hydrograph indicated by tracer studies, suggests a more precise utilisation of hydrological terms and, in particular, that the
use of runoff and surface runoff should be avoided.
A comparative flood damage and risk impact assessment of land use
changes
Authors: Gabriels Karen , Willems Patrick , Van Orshoven Jos
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Sustainable flood risk management encompasses the implementation of nature-based solutions to mitigate flood risk. These measures include the establishment of land use types with a high (e.g. forest patches) or low (e.g. sealed surfaces) water retention and infiltration capacity at strategic locations in the catchment. This paper presents an approach for assessing the relative impact of such land use changes on economic flood damages and associated risk. This spatially explicit approach integrates a reference situation, a flood damage model and a rainfall-runoff model, considering runoff re-infiltration and propagation, to determine relative flood risk mitigation or increment related to the implementation of land use change scenarios. The applicability of the framework is illustrated for a 4800 ha undulating catchment in the region of Flanders, Belgium by assessing afforestation of 187.5 ha (3.9 %), located mainly in the valleys, and sealing of 187.5 ha, situated mainly at higher elevations. These scenarios result in a risk reduction of 57 % (100 856 €) for the afforestation scenario and a risk increment of
The Convolution Addressing the Conundrum of Liability and Privacy in the Age of Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Kapoor Aarushi , Sharma Khushi
Published: February 2021

The Automotive Industry has registered an impeccable growth rate since the adoption of autonomous vehicles by vehicle manufacturers in their high-end models. These fully autonomous vehicles are poised to replace the traditional human driver. Hence, the whole set of laws defining liability in the event of an accident involving a vehicle have to be reformed. An autonomous vehicle being sued in lieu of a human driver, would be impractical. With the accidents involving autonomous vehicles increasing, newly minted laws like that of Michigan Harbor Lacunas are forming to address the question of liability and as a consequence of which the innocent (the manufacturer in so many cases) is held absolutely liable, despite his pleading defense. Such a harsh stance is unhealthy for the development of technology. Apart from the conundrum surrounding liability there are other dimensions which are equally unaddressed when it comes to automation. These autonomous vehicles rely on data, thereby adding to the vulnerability of protection of an individual’s privacy. These brimming chaos are likely to hamper the aggrandizement of technology and subsequent protection of commercial interests.This Article is an attempt to comprehensively analyze the uncertainty surrounding the questions of liability and privacy protection for autonomous vehicles. It takes into account the technology friendly interpretation of law, which will balance the diametrically opposite variables. It draws the laws from the existing set of principles available. Further, it proposes a new framework eliminate obscurity and concludes on a positive note with recommendations which are likely to accentuate the effectiveness of the current laws and lay down a steppingstone for the future development of laws.
ANALISIS KINERJA JALAN MOHAMMAD TOHA DENGAN ATAU TANPA MARKA JALAN
Authors: Rusmayadi Dedi , Anisarida An An
Published: February 2021

Jalan  merupakan  prasarana  yangsangat dibutuhkan dalam sistem transportasi untuk   menghubungkan  suatu   tempat   ke tempat   lain    dalam   rangka    pemenuhan kebutuhan  ekonomi,  sosial,   dan   budaya. Kondisi jalan  yang  baik  diperlukan  untuk kelancararn    kegiatan   transportasi    yaitu untuk  mempercepat  kelancaran   mobilisasi barang dan jasa secara aman dan nyaman. Pertumbuhan jumlah kendaraan yang tinggi berdampak pada masalah lalu lintas di jalan raya,  seperti yang terjadi  pada  ruas  Jalan Mohammad Toha. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui berapa  kapasitas jalan,  nilai  derajat   kejenuhan,  kecepatan kendaraan,    waktu   tempuh   dan    tingkat pelayanan jalan. Hasil penelitian ruas Jalan Mohammad Toha merupakan daerah perkantoran dengan beberapa toko di sisi jalan dengan panjang ruas jalan yang diteliti 0.2 km, lebar jalur 12 m dan lebar trotoar 1.5m. dan setelah dilakukan penilitian pada ruas Jalan Mohammad Toha, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ruas jalan ini termasuk pada tingkat pelayanan C.
PERCEPATAN JADWAL KONSTRUKSI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP BIAYA PENYELESAIAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI
Authors: Setiawan Felix , Janizar Syapril
Published: February 2021

Means of transportation at present is very important to continue to be built effectively and efficiently to the level of fluency and accuracy of time toward the goal easier and faster and to meet minimum service standards of the highway. In line with that so that the toll road remain in the minimum service standards need to be additional road capacity to effectively and efficiently for that it is necessary to study whether the possible acceleration of road capacity expansion projects, so that the level of minimum service standards can be maintained and to what extent the effect of accelerating the schedule project on development costs.One method that can be used to analyze the effect of accelerating the project towards the costs is to analyze the exchange of money and time (time cost trade off).Variables used in the calculation of "Acceleration Schedule of Construction and Completion Costs Effect on Construction Project "is the direct labor, equipment, overtime working hours, method of construction, all have an influence on the different costs, acceleration (crash) or compression of time that have done the job and the biggest costs related to the work that has the greatest cost , a benefit if the toll road opened in advance of the acceleration due to a smaller project compared to the costs required for expediting the project construction on this project, based on the cost of the acceleration is not necessary because the costs to perform a greater acceleration when compared with a benefit.
Jordan COVID-19 Governmental Response
Authors: S. Abdellatif Omar , Behbehani Ali
Published: February 2021

The International Health Regulations (2005) are legally binding on 196 States Parties, Including all WHO Member States. The IHR aims to keep the world informed about public health risks, through committing all signatories to cooperate together in combating any future “illness or medical condition, irrespective of origin or source, that presents or could present significant harm to humans.” Under IHR, states agreed to strengthen their public health capacities and notify the WHO of any such illness in their populations. The WHO would be the centralized body for all countries facing a health threat, with the power to declare a “public health emergency of international concern,” issue recommendations, and work with countries to tackle a crisis. Although, with the sudden and rapid spread of COVID-19 in the world, many countries varied in implementing the WHO guidelines and health recommendations. While some countries followed the WHO guidelines, others imposed travel restrictions against the WHO’s recommendations. Some states refused to share their data with the organization. Others banned the export of medical equipment, even in the face of global shortages. The UN Compliance Research group will focus during the current cycle on analyzing the compliance of the WHO member states to the organizations guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Revolution to Reticence, Halsted and The History of Mastectomy
Authors: Divya Santhanam  , Austyn Roseborough
Published: February 2021

The mastectomy techniques used to treat breast cancer patients today are a product of thousands of years of discovery. Early mentions of breast excision and cauterization can be found in Ancient Egyptian and Indian texts dating back to 3000 B.C. Formally developed by Halsted in 1894, the radical mastectomy marked an important innovation in breast cancer therapy. Employment of the technique nearly doubled the patient survival rate. Since Halsted’s time, the uses for this technique have also changed. Less invasive surgeries such as lumpectomies are often preferred by patients, with radical mastectomy surgeries now commonly used for prophylaxis. This article explores the significance of Halsted’s innovation, while providing contextual evidence that examines the noteworthy events that both precede and follow it. It also examines how Halsted’s innovation rose and later fell from public favour.
O tratamento da informação na documentação fotográfica nos acervos do Museu do Homem Sergipano
Authors: Jesus Priscila Maria de , De Almeida Valença Cunha Barroso Cristina , Souza Carmo Sura
Published: February 2021

Ao abordar a trajetória do processo de documentação fotográfica e sua relevância nos espaços museais como acervo e como recurso para recuperação da informação, o presente texto apresenta uma a discussão a partir de três termos centrais: documentação, informação e museus. A pesquisa se norteou em uma análise qualitativa, e como técnica de investigação utilizou o levantamento bibliográfico para compreender as práticas de gestão documental e de acesso à informação dos acervos fotográficos do Museu do Homem Sergipano. Desta forma percebeu-se que a fotografia pode ser considerada um recurso para o registro cultural e memorialístico da sociedade através da preservação e comunicação nos espaços museais.
Conservación, puesta en valor y difusión del patrimonio fotográfico. Estudio de caso: el Archivo Jalón Ángel
Authors: Irala-Hortal Pilar
Published: February 2021

En el presente artículo se explica el origen del Archivo Fotográfico Jalón Ángel y cómo se realizan las acciones de conservación, puesta en valor, investigación y difusión en este. Estas ingentes tareas, que incluyen la documentación, estudio y diseño de actividades en una entidad archivística de carácter histórico-cultural, son fundamentales para consolidar un trabajo coherente y continuo de información y documentación. En este sentido, se trata por tanto de revisar estas tareas, desde que el Archivo se fundó hasta la actualidad y poner, de esta manera, de relevancia tanto el trabajo dentro de la institución como su significado para conseguir los objetivos y metas que el Archivo tiene marcadas tanto en el ámbito privado de la entidad como en el público.
Uso de sites de divulgação de fotografias em instituições públicas
Authors: Saraiva Natalia De Lima , Lopez André Porto Ancona
Published: February 2021

Actualmente, el uso de recursos tecnológicos en la gestión y almacenamiento de imágenes en instituciones públicas es un camino sin retorno. Este artículo tiene como objetivo cuestionar aspectos relacionados con el desarrollo de políticas públicas para la gestión de colecciones fotográficas y los aspectos involucrados en hacer que esta información esté disponible en plataformas digitales como Flickr. Este es un estudio de caso descriptivo, con un enfoque cualitativo, que también utiliza investigación bibliográfica. El trabajo se basó en la identificación de patrones de sistematización y disponibilidad de información en sitios web institucionales que utilizan la aplicación Flickr para publicitar las colecciones de la justicia electoral brasileña. Se analizaron ejemplos extraídos de los sitios web del Tribunal Superior Electoral (TSE), el Tribunal Regional Electoral de Pernambuco (TRE-PE) y el Tribunal Regional Electoral de São Paulo (TRE-SP). Al presentar, analizar e interpretar los datos del caso de los sitios de difusión de fotos como Flickr, utilizados por el tribunal electoral brasileño, fue posible informar que, los criterios relacionados con los medios para poner a disposición de los ciudadanos documentos fotográficos permiten el acceso directo a fotografía, pero no relacionan la calidad de la información con los metadatos, lo que afecta el derecho de acceso a la información. Observamos la necesidad de dar la debida relevancia al contexto de producción de la fotografía, en el que el contenido retratado en la fotografía es parte de ese contexto. Los hechos y eventos motivadores para la producción documental delimitan y dan evidencia del patrimonio fotográfico.
La necesidad del contexto en la gestión documental de acervos personales de imágenes para la memoria
Authors: Porto Ancona Lopez André
Published: February 2021

El artículo busca discutir el fenómeno de los acervos fotográficos personales bajo la mirada de la gestión documental y su delicada relación con la preservación de la memoria. Se plantea una mejor definición de las características de las fotografías en los acervos personales, considerando las variaciones de significado que las imágenes pueden tener a lo largo del tiempo en función de nuevos contextos. Las cuestiones son desarrolladas en base a tres ejemplos y las conclusiones apuntan a la necesidad del contexto para la gestión documental de los acervos personales.
Información participativa ciudadana a través de WhatsApp
Authors: Sierra Gutiérrez Luis Ignacio
Published: February 2021

Esta investigación identifica y analiza manifestaciones de información ciudadana participativa, a través de WhatsApp. Un estudio exploratorio, realizado sobre una muestra aleatoria, no representativa, de tres medios alternativos de comunidades urbanas seleccionadas:  Eje Central y Emisora La Buena 95.4 FM en las comunas tres y cuatro del municipio de Bello, Valle de Aburrá, y Mi Comuna Dos, en la comuna dos de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia).  La técnica de investigación cualitativa en las comunidades seleccionadas, se realizó mediante observación no participativa, una encuesta semiestructurada a población aleatoria y entrevista estructurada con líderes de los medios seleccionados. El trabajo de campo se realizó entre octubre de 2018 y junio de 2019. Los resultados revelan el uso incipiente que la ciudadanía de los sectores escogidos hace de WhatsApp, entre otras plataformas digitales, para divulgar sus procesos informativos. Los resultados, a partir de los casos analizados, evidencian el crecimiento progresivo de una nueva práctica de información participativa, mediante el paradigma digital informativo. No obstante, se detecta en dichas comunidades la falta de una estrategia planificada con fines netamente informativos de manejo de plataformas digitales, como WhatsApp y otras. Se invita, finalmente, a apoyar nuevas manifestaciones de activismo mediático participativo, desde las voces ciudadanas a reivindicar el derecho a su visibilidad y protagonismo, a partir de su propia cotidianidad.
Um, dois ou mais intérpretes em sala de aula?
Authors: Albres Neiva Aquino , Kelm Giliard
Published: February 2021

Atualmente, o aumento de contratação de intérprete de língua de sinais para atuar em contextos educacionais nos faz refletir sobre as condições de trabalho e a necessidade de atuação em equipe de intérpretes em sala de aula. Nesse sentido, levantamos a seguinte problematização: Quais os casos em que seria necessária a interpretação com mais de um intérprete? Questão que buscamos responder por meio de uma revisão narrativa de bibliográfica internacional. Assim, esta pesquisa é baseada em uma abordagem de cunho qualitativo (ANDRÉ, 2000) e inscrita em perspectiva dialógica da linguagem (BAKHTIN, 2006). As pesquisas analisadas indicam a necessidade da atuação em equipe considerando aspectos como: a) a questão da interação e da aprendizagem dos alunos surdos; b) a questão de coordenação dos discursos pelos intérpretes; e c) a questão física dos intérpretes. Os estudos ainda indicam que cursos técnicos e de nível superior em períodos de longa aula expositiva o ideal seria a atuação pelo menos em duplas de intérpretes para manter a qualidade da interpretação.
O sofrimento mental entre adolescentes e os benefícios através da arte
Authors: Ferreira Mariana Ávila , Batista Erlinda Martins , De Souza Olive Edna
Published: February 2021

O sofrimento mental é prevalente durante a adolescência, no entanto, o uso da Arte está em ascensão como atividade para amenizar este problema. Logo, o artigo objetivou analisar a realização de Oficinas de Arte para detectar a ocorrência de sofrimento mental em adolescentes de uma escola pública, analisando também os benefícios resultantes da participação na Oficina. No âmbito da extensão universitária, houve compartilhamento do conhecimento adquirido e o desenvolvimento da realidade social da escola. Na perspectiva qualitativa, tabulou-se e categorizou-se os dados sob a teoria da análise de conteúdo. As análises fundamentam-se na teoria da interação de Vygotsky, e apontam quatro entre sete estudantes com sofrimento mental. Além de que a Oficina de Arte gerou os seguintes benefícios: “superação”, “expressividade”, “discernimento” e “tranquilidade”. Assim, o estudo fortalece a ação social e promove a relação universidade e comunidade, no tripé; ensino, pesquisa e extensão.
Um estudo sobre exclusão social e depressão a partir do plantão psicológico
Authors: Silva Mikelly Neves , Vieira Érico Douglas
Published: February 2021

A partir de intervenções na modalidade de Plantão Psicológico com usuários de uma casa de apoio, buscou-se investigar a exclusão social como possível condição produtora de vivências relativas à depressão. A Teoria Fundamentada, metodologia de natureza qualitativa, foi adotada. Foram selecionados diários de campo produzidos pela equipe de extensão e pesquisaa partir de cada atendimento realizado.Como resultado da investigação destes registros, foram mapeadas vivências depressivas associadas a rupturas relacionais que desvitalizam e geram uma sensação de desenraizamento e não pertencimento. Os maus encontros de sujeitos excluídos com pessoas de outras classes através de olhares de rebaixamento podem aumentar a sensação de vulnerabilidade. Notou-se também que a falta de perspectivas parece provocar uma significativa desvinculação com o mundo. A escuta clínica representou um espaço de emergência das potências dos sujeitos excluídos, além de uma importante fonte de suporte social.
“As I Twirl This Spindle, …”: Ritualization and the Magical Efficacy of Household Tasks in Western Antiquity
Authors: Frankfurter David
Published: February 2021

In Mediterranean antiquity the ritual acts of binding and charming were often associated with ordinary domestic tasks reoriented through accompanying incantations and sometimes the adjustment of the task's gestures. Drawing on theories of ritualization (Bell, Humphrey, and Laidlaw) and extending the classical evidence with medieval and modern comparative materials, this article addresses how mundane economic practices are brought into service for magical performance. Ritualization highlights the process by which a domestic “agent” can isolate and transform some particular element or stage in an overall activity (clothes-making, cooking) to reflect a sense of stipulation, of traditional and efficacious action, and thus reorient the isolated domestic task for curse or binding charms.
e-Academic: Proposed Model based on Approach Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: ki Ri , Hermawan Aditiya , Giap Yo Ceng , Kurnia Yusuf , Amesanggeng P.
Published: February 2021

In 2004 the campus information system began to use the internet as an academic tool between students, lecturers, study programs, finance. In the system, there are several models of communication processes built, one of which is the existence of facilities for the content and values of staff, in addition to announcements, academics, finance, and college approval. To find out the causal relationship between the factors that influence the level of campus student acceptance for users. This research includes Exploration research using the Technology Acceptance Model, expenditure using AMOS software. In the Normal Ranking Table, you can see the value in column c.r. All in the recommended amount from -2.58 to 2.58. Therefore, it can be announced that the data is normally distributed, Mahalanobis d-squared assesses that there is nothing greater than the table, which means that it is not an outlier and the determinant value of the covariance matrix obtained is 51345,276 far from zero, it can be concluded that there are no multicollinearity and singularity problems in the analyzed data iso that the data is declared valid. Based on the Final Research Model, it can be accepted that the benefit variable requires acceptance of campus students. After utilizing comfort, take advantage when using. Based ion this phenomenon, it can be used, the use of "voluntary" technology that is used using codes of conduct, attitudes, and intentions in an application. In this case, it can be concluded that respondents "voluntarily" use.
The Effects of Electronic Feedback on Medical University Students’ Writing Performance
Authors: Noordin Nooreen , Khojasteh Laleh
Published: February 2021

This study was designed to see whether electronic feedback positively affects medical students’ academic writing performance. Two groups of medical university students were randomly selected and participated in this study. In order to see whether the provision of electronic feedback for the compulsory academic writing course for medical students is effective, the researchers divided 50 medical students to the traditional (n=25) and intervention groups (n=25). Pre-test and post-test were conducted at the beginning and at the end of the semester. Electronic feedback was given to the medical students in the intervention group, while the medical students in the traditional group received the traditional pen and paper feedback. By comparing the scores of two written assignments at the beginning and the end of the semester, regarding the application of electronic feedback, the results showed that not only medical students’ overall writing performance improved after providing them electronic feedback, but every single writing component was also enhanced after the intervention. There was a significant difference in the post-test academic writing scores between the traditional and intervention groups (P < 0.001). This difference was not significant in our control group who was given pen-and-paper feedback. In terms of specific writing components, the most affected components in this approach were content followed by organization, language use, vocabulary, and sentence mechanics, respectively. Although this study focused on medical students’ academic writing ability and reported the effect of electronic feedback on medical students’ writing performance, electronic feedback can be equally beneficial for enhancing student-practitioners’ practical clinical skills.
How to Promote Healthier Shopping Behaviour: Which Are the Most Effective Retail Marketing’ Levers in E-Commerce Grocery
Authors: Bellini Silvia , Aiolfi Simone , Grazia Cardinali Maria
Published: February 2021

The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests people to eat at least five portion of fruits and vegetables a day, but the level of consumption of this category is far from been reached. Considering that the majority of food purchases occurs in grocery context, increasingly in e-commerce channels, understanding how retailers could improve food choice, both in physical and digital stores, is paramount to healthier living. This paper aims to understand which are the most effective retail marketing’ levers in stimulating impulse buying in fruits and vegetables category, therefore in promoting healthier shopping behavior. Since fruit and vegetable is known for its healthy vocation and its role in differentiating and enhancing the perceived image of retailers, this category is the ideal place to host nutritional marketing initiatives. We used a quantitative survey method to explore shoppers’ behaviour in an online setting, focusing on fruit and vegetables’ category. Respondents were exposed to nine marketing stimuli, according to different communication contents (price versus non price). All the data was considered for linear regression analysis. Our results show that the pre-shopping preparation has an effect on purchasing behaviour, limiting its impulsiveness. Furthermore, price levers and communication levers influence the intention to buy impulse in the online channel, with the latter more effective than the other ones. Therefore, as this process takes place in the digital context, marketing efforts need to focus on dimensions that increase the propensity to make impulse purchases online: communicative and price stimuli.
Corporate Strategies for Generic Medicines in Brazil: A Study with the Sector’s Ten Largest CompaniesHttp://Dx.Doi.Org/10.5585/Riae.V10i1.1710
Authors: Sfair Silvia Antonio , Da Silva Dirceu , Garcia Mauro Neves , Moretti Sérgio Luiz do Amaral
Published: February 2021

In Brazil, generic drugs are considered safe and effective and substantially cheaper than the so-called reference medicinal products. Due to this, generic drugs have become an important sector within the pharmaceutical market. However, topical studies are scarce and researchers focus on health professionals and direct sales. This article looks to expand on the understanding concerning the subject investigating the vision of those responsible for production, its relationship with physicians, government policies and delivery chain management in serving the consumer. To present this objective, in-depth interviews were conducted with ten executives occupying strategic positions in the pharmaceutical industry in general. The sample represents approximately 84% of generic drug sales in Brazil. The results have demonstrated that government performance plays an important role in the marketing of generic drugs to the population, while the drugstore and distributors were identified in this market as growth barriers, due to the practices used at point of sale. Doctors are considered the prime agent in popularizing the use of generic drugs in Brazil.
Strategic Alignment of Operational Sectors: The Case of the Cooperativa Agroindustrial do Noroeste do Paraná  Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.5585/Riae.V10i2.1683
Authors: Colla Julio Ernesto , Borghesan Andréia
Published: February 2021

This article intends to verify the existence of strategic alignment between the operational sectors and the executive board of the company studied in relation to the logistic process of company Copagra of the Nova Londrina-PR. The theoretical reference describe about strategy and strategic alignment. The data collection was through semi-structured interview. Data processing occurred by agglutination of material collected according to the categories of analysis. The results tell that the agricultural sector seems aligned with the organizational objectives with respect to increase production capacity and strategic reduction of operational costs. Was also found indirect alignment with improving the quality of alcohol produced, increasing the efficiency of the fleet and improve operational efficiency. Alignment has not been found to meet alcohol specific market. Regarding the alignment distillery was found only in relation to meet specific markets of alcohol. Found was indirect alignment with the objective of improving operational efficiency. Was not found alignment with the objectives to increase production capacity, strategic cost reduction and increased efficiency of the fleet. This way it seems that agricultural sector seems more closely aligned with organizational objectives when compared to a distillery. The most relevant theoretical contributions are related the fact that organizational objetives can not be backed in any organization since the departamental objetices may not meet te organization´s objetives.