bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Tracking Device with Pulse Sensor via GSM/GPS Module
Authors:   Asian Institute of Computer Studies, Philippines, Delos Santos Manuel Luis , Abaricia Cecilia ,   Asian Institute of Computer Studies, Philippines, Tinio Ronaldo ,   Asian Institute of Computer Studies, Philippines, Dorado Aljohn ,   Asian Institute of Computer Studies, Philippines
Published: February 2025

Purpose–This device was to detect the user’s location using a GSM/GPS module with a SIM card. It triggers when the user presses the push button twice and sends messages with the user’s location and pulse rate to the mobile phone.

Method–Applied, quantitative, and descriptive types of research werethe methods and designs used for the development of the working prototype. Likewise, closed-ended survey questionnaires for the25 randomly selected respondents used the five-point rating scale that is based on ISO/IEC 9126 and ISO/IEC 27000, and hardware and software components, and analytical toolswere integrated into the study.

Results–The tabulated survey yielded a computed weighted mean of 4.43 with an overallverbal interpretation of “Agree”which means most of the respondents believedthat the prototype was effective in terms of sending accurate information such as location and pulse BPM that helps a person with a medical condition or encountering an emergency such as being kidnapped by alerting their parents or guardians.

Conclusion–In the final analysis, the study showed that the device has a user-friendly interface, is easy to use, and can operate efficiently based on the results of the survey conducted to determine its acceptability.

Recommendations–The researchers recommend for those who wish to replicate this prototype that there is much more to develop and improve than the current prototype, which has difficulties in the following areas: maximizing battery power from 12 hours to 14 hours, minimizing the design of the prototype by using Arduino Nano, use vibration motor as an indicator. Likewise, the A9G GPRS/GSM+ GPS/BDS module should be used to minimize the dimensions of the prototype and include the emergency hotline or the number of police stations or barangay halls that can receive the message.

Practical Implications–The device can track location effectively and provide heart rate measurements, making it a promising solution for personal tracking and health monitoring.

Keywords–Arduino Microcontroller, GSM/GPS Module, Pulse Sensor, Tracking Device
Prototype Implementation of a Robotic Gamification Model for Climate Change Literacy for Green Innovation and Entrepreneurship with Social Robot Nao
Authors:   nformation Technology Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, Oguta Stephen , Ojo Sunday ,   nformation Technology Department,Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, Maake Benard ,   Computing Sciences Department, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
Published: February 2025

Purpose–This research introduces the Robotic Gamification Model for Climate Change Literacy for Green Innovation and Entrepreneurship (RGM-CCL4GIE) as an innovative educational solution for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), addressing the limitations of current gamification systems that fail to sustain long-term learner motivation and engagement.

Method–The study employs Design Science Methodology (DSM) to develop and validate the model, which integrates Self-Determination Theory, Mechanics-Dynamics-Aesthetics (MDA) framework, and Operant Conditioning Theory. The system is prototyped on the Moodle e-learning platform and Social Robot Nao, with empirical testing conducted among students.

Results–The findings demonstrate high learner motivation (mean score of 4.58) and significant positive correlations between random rewards and increased engagement (p-value < 0.001). The model successfully integrates robotic interaction, dynamic rewards, and gamification elements to enhance climate change literacy education.

Conclusion–The RGM-CCL4GIE effectively addresses the limitations of existing gamification systems by promoting sustained engagement and improved learning outcomes in climate change education, particularly within the SSA context.

Recommendations–Implementation of the model should focus on maintaining the balance between robotic interaction and gamification elements while ensuring accessibility and adaptability across different educational contexts.

Research Implications–This study advances the field of educational gamification by providing an innovative framework that combines robotics and advanced motivational theories, establishing a foundation for future research in sustainable, technology-driven learning models.

Practical Implications–The model offers educational institutions in SSA a practical solution for enhancing climate change literacy and green entrepreneurship education through integrated technological approaches.

Social Implications–The implementation of RGM-CCL4GIE contributes to broader climate change awareness and sustainable development goals in Sub-Saharan Africa, potentially influencing social attitudes toward environmental conservation and green innovation.

Keywords–gamification, robot, prototype, climate change, green innovation entrepreneurship
Towards Global Academic Performance Rankings: A Dynamic and Integrated Decision Support System Based on Scientometric Indicators in Different Databases
Authors: Baydaş Mahmut
Published: February 2025

This study aims to propose a decision support system based on multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodologies in order to reach individual and global-scale academic performance, which is a neglected subject. Unlike previous classical applications and past studies, in this study, different science indicators (citation counts, article counts, and field-based impact) taken from different databases (Scopus, Web of Science, InCites, Google Scholar) were combined, and objective weights were assigned to each criterion. These indicators, weighted with the entropy method, were analyzed with CRADIS and other alternative methods. The analysis results showed that the Q1 article count and field-based impact scores were of high importance, whereas Google Scholar citations had lower weight. In accordance with the recommendation of the Leiden manifesto, which had a great impact on the academic community, to take into account multi-indicator and being field-based, the system proposed in this study also allows for the dynamic (updatable) and comprehensive evaluation of individual researcher performance. Compared to one-sided and limited performance measurements in literature or applications, this study fills a serious gap. Moreover, this system will help the parties to make accurate and updatable strategic decisions.
Clinical and audiological aspects of individuals with sudden deafness post-COVID-19 in Manaus, Amazonas
Authors: Dantas Adriana Nogueira Machado , Piauilino Isa Cristina Ribeiro , Rodrigues Yanka Karolinna Batista , Pinto Sergio Damasceno , Baia-da-Silva Djane , Castilho Márcia da Costa , Capra Daniela , Carvalho Diego Monteiro de , Rodrigues Gabriela Ribeiro Ivo , Bôtto-Menezes Camila
Published: February 2025

Objective: To describe the clinical and audiological aspects of four patients, who experienced episodes of tinnitus and unilateral deafness and sought medical attention during the COVID-19 pandemic in Manaus-AM. Methods: The audiological evaluation consisted of Pure Tone Audiometry, Logoaudiometry, Acoustic Immittance Measurements, Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions, and Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials. Results: The patients, 02 men, 01 woman and 01 child, aged range of 05 to 76 years, revealed in the audiological assessment, profound and moderate sensorineural hearing loss and one patient reported improvement in hearing after the treatment with corticoid. Conclusion: We present the clinical and audiological aspects of four patients with post-COVID-19 SSHL during the first pandemic in Manaus, with involvement ranging from profound to moderate and whose loss mechanisms are not known.
Cuidados de enfermagem às pessoas idosas que sofreram acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico agudo em ambiente hospitalar
Authors: Valim Ana Carolina , Silva Silmar Maria da , Gomes Flávia Sampaio Latini
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Sistematizar o conhecimento sobre cuidados de enfermagem às pessoas idosas com acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico em ambiente hospitalar. Métodos: Trata-se de Revisão Integrativa da Literatura para sintetizar o conhecimento cuja busca seguiu a estratégia PICO, focando em idosos com AVE isquêmico agudo e cuidados de enfermagem. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados LILACS, Medline, BDENF via BVS e SCOPUS, selecionando artigos entre 2018 e 2023. A triagem resultou na inclusão de 9 artigos após filtrar 202 inicialmente identificados. Resultados: Diante da urgência temporal, a maioria dos estudos selecionados visam explorar aspectos da prática profissional que possam otimizar o tratamento, promover o início precoce da reabilitação, melhorar a qualidade de vida e reduzir as taxas de readmissão hospitalar, por meio de cuidados de enfermagem embasados em evidências. Considerações finais: A autonomia dos enfermeiros e estratégias baseadas em evidências são essenciais para reduzir readmissões, mortalidade e custos em casos de AVE, além de identificar e modificar fatores de risco. Como cuidadores contínuos, os enfermeiros desempenham um papel central na gestão dos desfechos clínicos, facilitando a comunicação e intervenções de reabilitação precoce para melhorar o prognóstico dos pacientes idosos com AVE isquêmico agudo.
Prevalência de óbitos e perfil sociodemográfico por uso de drogas psicoativas na região metropolitana de Belém entre os anos de 2015 a 2022
Authors: Garcia Hilda Graciette dos Santos , Silva Márcia Maria Soares da , Nascimento Juliana Pires dos Santos , Silva Andressa Santa Brigida da , Silva Bruno José Martins da , Alves Tais Vanessa Gabbay , Pinheiro Bruno Gonçalves
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Analisar a distribuição de óbitos pelo uso de substâncias psicoativas em pessoas de 20-59 anos, o número de casos de óbitos por ocorrência e residência, compreender dados sociodemográficos da população da Região Metropolitana de Belém. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, ecológico, descritivo de análise quantitativa de dados obtidos no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Resultados: Na distribuição, os óbitos de drogas foram álcool em 2020 (33) e fumo em 2021 (19). No estudo por óbitos e ocorrência se destacaram Belém (171), Ananindeua (51), Castanhal (48), Santa Isabel (35). Na prevalência por ocorrências, Santa Isabel foi maior (6,2358 casos) e o menor Barcarena (0,3044 casos). No estudo por residência, se destacaram Belém (153), Ananindeua (46), Castanhal (45) e Santa Isabel (36). E na prevalência por ocorrência, Santa Isabel foi o maior (6,4140 casos) e o menor ficou Barcarena (0,3044 casos). A maioria dos casos ocorreu em uma faixa de 20 a 59 anos (51,84%), sexo masculino (80,37%), baixa escolaridade (35,51%) e cor parda (79,45%). Conclusão: Percebeu-se um aumento de óbitos na região, principalmente de 2020 a 2021, e por consumo de álcool e fumo, com maior prevalência em homens economicamente ativos, baixa escolaridade e pardos.
Aceitabilidade do almoço servido aos pacientes em um hospital universitário
Authors: Sousa Sarah Queiroga de , Pereira Maria Kaliane de Oliveira , Barros Jefferson Carneiro de , Martins Maria Yasmin Paz Teixeira , Fernandes Nataly Cézar de Lima , Formiga Walnara Arnaud Moura , Araújo Débora Gomes de Sousa , Lucena Rochelli Neves de , Lima Maríllia Raquel de , Costa Jaqueline Medeiros da
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Avaliar o grau de aceitabilidade das preparações do almoço servidas aos pacientes em um hospital universitário, estabelecendo um estudo de qualidade alimentar. Métodos: Pesquisa de caráter descritivo e observacional, com abordagem quantitativa acerca da aceitação da alimentação hospitalar. Foi utilizada uma escala hedônica verbal, método de análise sensorial afetivo e quantitativo, com os seguintes atributos: aparência, cor, sabor, textura, temperatura e combinação das refeições, podendo ser atribuídos os conceitos: ótimo, bom, regular ou ruim. Os dados foram coletados durante quatro semanas, entre os meses de abril a maio de 2024, mediante prévia aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética. A análise descritiva dos dados foi realizada no software Microsoft Excel©2021. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que as refeições foram bem aceitas, sendo a combinação de cores e a aparência as características com melhor aceitação. Já o sabor foi o atributo com maior índice de avaliações negativas em pacientes que recebiam dieta hipossódica. Evidenciou-se que preparações grelhadas podem melhorar a aceitabilidade e que os sintomas gastrintestinais não influenciaram na aceitação. Conclusão: A aceitabilidade apresentou-se como satisfatória para a maior parte dos atributos, porém, é necessária uma avaliação periódica dos cardápios para se identificar questões de consumo e reduzir o desperdício de alimentos.
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in a Patient with Colostomy
Authors: Chimbili C. , Uthayanan L. , Kirushnan B. , Balasubramaniam R. , Poovarasan G. , Vinodhini P.
Published: February 2025

Patient with colostomy undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) are considered to be at an increased risk of peritonitis. We report a 65-year-old patient with colostomy who was successfully initiated on PD and continues to be in good health.
Terra firma-forme dermatosis
Authors: Yadav Piyush , Sushantika Sushantika , Saini Kartik , Nanda Soumya
Published: February 2025

Terra firma-forme dermatosis was first described by Duncan in 1987, who observed similar cases of “dirty-appearing skin” in several children and young adults. It is an acquired, idiopathic, cutaneous pigmentation disorder characterized by brown-gray, velvety, pigmented patches or plaques involving the face, neck, trunk, or ankles. Although the exact pathogenesis is not known, it is hypothesized to be the result of abnormal and delayed keratinization, causing compaction of scales with melanin retention. Herein, we report a case of an adult male presenting with dirty-looking lesions on the chest in which the diagnosis was confirmed by wiping of the affected area using 70% isopropyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol, which was also curative.
Organization of the Republic of Komi Oil Fields Ecological Monitoring
Authors: Ilnitskiy V.G. , Selukov A.E. , Zakharov V.V. , Syrchina N.V.
Published: February 2025

The materials of engineering-ecological researches implemented in territory of oil and gas fields in Republic of Komi are given. The basic approaches to realization of ecological monitoring in territory northern oil and gas fields are considered.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ФИНАНСОВО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ СТРАТЕГИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Абышов И.С. , Асанбекова А.А. , Эркинбекова А.Э.
Published: February 2025

В настоящее время многие предприятия сталкиваются с ограничениями в осуществлении инвестиционной деятель­ности из-за недостатка доступных инвестиций. Однако с развитием инвестиционного рынка открываются значитель­ные возможности для повышения эффективности предприя­тий через расширение объемов инвестиционной деятель­нос­ти и использование новых видов финансовых инструмен­тов и нематериальных активов. Для достижения ведущих позиций на рынке, конкурентоспособности и финансового успеха пред­прия­тия должны правильно разрабатывать и контроли­ро­вать стратегию своего развития. Реализация этой страте­гии часто требует привлечения дополнительных финансовых ре­сурсов. В этом контексте инвестиционная стра­тегия пред­приятия играет важную роль, позволяя создать про­грам­му развития бизнеса и эффективное взаимо­действие с ин­вес­то­рами.

Учурда көптөгөн ишканалар колдо болгон инвестиция­лардын жетишсиздигинен инвестициялык ишмердүүлүктү жүр­гүзүүдө чектөөлөргө дуушар болууда. Бирок инвестиция­лык рыноктун өнүгүшү менен инвестициялык иштин көлөмүн кеңейтүү жана финансылык инструменттердин жана мате­риалдык эмес активдердин жаңы түрлөрүн колдонуу аркылуу ишканалардын натыйжалуулугун жогорулатуу үчүн олуттуу мүмкүнчүлүктөр ачылууда. Алдыңкы рыноктук позицияларга, атаандаштыкка жана финансылык ийгиликке жетүү үчүн ишканалар өнүгүү стратегиясын туура иштеп чыгышы жана көзөмөлдөөсү керек. Бул стратегияны ишке ашыруу көбүнчө кошумча финансылык ресурстарды тартууну талап кылат. Бул контекстте ишкананын инвестициялык стратегиясы маа­нилүү роль ойнойт, ага бизнести өнүктүрүү программа­сын түзүүгө жана инвесторлор менен эффективдүү өз ара ара­кеттенүүгө мүмкүндүк берет.

Currently, many enterprises face restrictions in carrying out investment activities due to a lack of available investments. Howe­ver, with the development of the investment market, significant op­por­tunities are opening up to increase the efficiency of enterprises through expanding the volume of investment activities and using new types of financial instruments and intangible assets. To achie­ve leading market positions, competiti­veness and financial success, enterprises must correctly develop and control their development stra­tegy. The implementation of this strategy often requires the attraction of additional financial resources. In this context, an en­ter­prise's investment strategy plays an important role, allowing it to create a business development program and effective interaction with investors.
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ РЕГИОНОВ КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Сатылганова Э.Ш. , Озерова Э.К.
Published: February 2025

В условиях демократии одной из важных составных час­тей финансовой системы государства являются терри­то­­риальные финансы, которые охватывают территориаль­ные бюджеты и финансы субъектов хозяйствования, исполь­зуемые для удовлетворения территориальных потребностей. Территориальные финансы обеспечивают финансирование ши­рокого круга мероприятий, связанных с социально-культур­ным и коммунально-бытовым обслуживанием населения. «Го­сударственные и муниципальные финансы – это совокуп­ность экономических отношений, возникающих в реальном де­нежном обороте по поводу формирования, распределения и использования централизованных фондов финансовых ресур­сов органов местного самоуправления»; «Муниципальные (или местные) финансы – это совокупность социально – экономи­че­ских отношений, возникающих по поводу формирования, распределения и использования финансовых ресурсов для ре­ше­­ния задач местного значения».

Демократиялык мамлекетте мамлекеттин финансы сис­темасынын маанилүү компоненттеринин бири аймактык бюджеттерди жана аймактык керектөөлөрдү канааттан­дыруу үчүн пайдаланылган чарбакер субъекттердин каржы­сын камтыган аймактык финансы болуп саналат. Аймактык финансы калкты социалдык-маданий жана турмуш-тиричи­лик жактан тейлее менен байланышкан иш-чаралардын кеңи­ри чөйрөсүн финансылоону камсыз кылат. «Мамлекеттик жа­на муниципалдык финансы – жергиликтүү өз алдынча баш­­каруу органдарынын финансылык ресурстарынын борбор­лош­турулган фонддорун түзүү, бөлүштүрүү жана пайдала­нуу боюнча реалдуу акча жүгүртүүдө пайда болгон экономи­калык мамилелердин жыйындысы»; «Муниципалдык (же жер­­ги­лик­түү) финансы – жергиликтүү маанидеги маселелер­ди чечүү үчүн финансылык ресурстарды түзүү, бөлүштүрүү жана пайдалануу менен байланышкан социалдык-экономика­лык мамилелердин жыйындысы».

In a democracy, one of the important components of the state’s financial system is territorial finance, which covers ter­ri­torial budgets and finances of business entities used to meet terri­to­rial needs. Territorial finances provide financing for a wide ran­ge of activities related to socio-cultural and public services for the population. “State and municipal finance is a set of economic rela­tions that arise in real money circulation regarding the formation, distribution and use of centralized funds of financial resources of local governments”; “Municipal (or local) finance is a set of soc­io-economic relations that arise regarding the formation, dis­tri­bu­tion and use of financial resources to solve problems of local importance.”
ЭТАПЫ РАЗВИТИЯ СТРАХОВАНИЯ В КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ: ВЧЕРА, СЕГОДНЯ, ЗАВТРА
Authors: Сатылганова Э.Ш. , Пирназаров М.Т. , Мейманов Б.К.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается историческая справка стра­хо­вания и развитие страхового дела в Кыргызстане. Стра­хо­ва­ние является экономической категорией, нахо­дя­щейся в под­чи­­ненной связи с категорией финансов. Как и финансы, стра­хо­вание обусловлено движением денежной фор­мы стоимости при формировании и использовании соответ­ствующих целевых фон­дов денежных средств в процессе распределения и пере­рас­пре­деления денежных доходов и накоп­лений. В то же время для страхования характерны экономи­ческие отношения, свя­зан­ные только с перераспределением доходов и накоплений для возмещения материальных и иных потерь. Тем самым страхо­ва­ние связано с вероятностным движением денежной формы стои­мости.

Макалада камсыздандыруунун тарыхый маалымкаты жана Кыргызстандагы камсыздандыруу ишинин өнүгүшү ка­ра­лат. Камсыздандыруу каржы категориясы менен баш ийген байланышта турган экономикалык категория болуп саналат. Фи­нансы сыяктуу эле камсыздандыруу акчалай киреше­лерди жана аманаттарды бөлүштүрүү жана кайра бөлүштүрүү про­цессинде каражаттардын тийиштүү мак­сат­туу фонддо­рун түзүү жана пайдалануу учурунда нарктын акчалай фор­ма­сы­нын кыймылы менен аныкталат. Мында камсыздандыруу материалдык жана башка жоготуулардын ордун толтуруу үчүн кирешелерди жана жыйымдарды кайра бөлүштүрүү ме­нен гана байланышкан экономикалык мамиле­лер менен мүнөз­дөлөт. Ошентип, камсыздандыруу нарктын акча формасынын ыктымалдык кыймылы менен байланышкан.

The article examines the historical background of insurance and the development of insurance business in Kyrgyzstan. Insurance is an economic category that is subordinate to the category of finan­ce. Like finance, insurance is determined by the movement of the mo­netary form of value during the formation and use of appropriate target funds of funds in the process of distribution and redistribu­tion of monetary income and savings. At the same time, insurance is characterized by economic relations associated only with the re­di­str­ibution of income and savings to compensate for material and other losses. Thus, insurance is associated with the probabilistic mo­vement of the monetary form of value.
ПОРЯДОК РАССМОТРЕНИЯ ДЕЛ (МАТЕРИАЛОВ) В СУДЕ АКСАКАЛОВ
Authors: Токтакун к.Г. , Нийматжан к.Н.
Published: February 2025

Суды аксакалов является представителем негосударст­вен­ного правосудия в Кыргызской Республике. Это мелкие пра­во­нарушения, имущественные и семейные споры и тому по­доб­ные дела между гражданами. Суды аксакалов руковод­ст­вуют­ся совестью, законом, обычаями и традициями исто­рически сло­жившихся народов, морально-этическими нормами, не про­ти­воречащими законам Кыргызской Республики. Цель иссле­до­ва­ния – рассмотреть роль суда аксакалов в разрешении спор­ных вопросов и их решения, порядок рассмотрения дел в суде ак­сакалов. В исследовании использовались исторический, об­ще­на­учный и специально-правовые методы. Полученные в иссле­до­вании результаты рекомендуются для расширения теоре­ти­че­ских представлений о суде аксакалов в гражданском про­цес­се и выработке предложений по совершенствованию судебной практики аксакалов.

Аксакалдар соту Кыргыз Республикасындагы мамлекет­тик эмес сот адилеттигинин өкүлдөрү болуп саналат. Алар май­да укук бузуулар, жарандардын ортосундагы мүлктүк жа­на үй-бүлөлүк талаш маселелер ж.б. иштерди карайт. Ак­са­кал­­дар соттору чечим чыгарууда өз ишинде абийирди, мый­зам­­ды, тарыхый жактан калыптанган элдеринин үрп-адат­та­­рынан жана каада-салттарын, Кыргыз Республика­сынын мый­замдарына каршы келбеген моралдык жана этикалык нор­ма­ларды жетекчиликке алат. Изилдѳѳнүн максаты – талаш болгон маселелерди чечүүдѳ аксакалдар сотунун ролун жана алардын чечимин, аксакалдар сотунда ишти карап чечүү тар­ти­бин карап чыгуу. Изилдѳѳдѳ тары­хый, жалпы илимий жана атайын юридикалык методдор колдонулду. Изилдѳѳдѳ алынган жыйынтыктар жарандык сот өндүрүшүндөгү аксакалдар со­ту боюнча теориялык түшүнүк­тѳрдү кеңейтүүгѳ жана ак­са­кал­дар сот практикасын жак­шыртуу боюнча сунуштарды иш­теп чыгууга сунушталат.

Aksakal courts are the representative of non-state justice in the Kyrgyz Republic. These are minor offenses, property and family dis­putes and similar matters between citizens. Aksakal courts are guided by conscience, law, customs and traditions of historically estab­lished peoples, moral and ethical standards that do not con­tra­dict the laws of the Kyrgyz Republic. The purpose of the study is to consider the role of the aksakal court in resolving controversial issues and their resolution, the procedure for considering cases in the aksakal court. The study used historical, general scientific and special legal methods. The results obtained in the study are re­com­mended for expanding the theoretical understanding of the aksakal court in civil proceedings and developing proposals for improving the judicial practice of aksakals.
Efficiently constructing a quantum uniform superposition over bit strings near a binary linear code
Authors: Farhi Edward , Jordan Stephen P.
Published: February 2025

We demonstrate that a high fidelity approximation to $\ket{\Psi_b}$, the quantum superposition over all bit strings within Hamming distance $b$ of the codewords of a dimension-$k$ linear code over $\mathbb{Z}_2^n$, can be efficiently constructed by a quantum circuit for large values of $n$, $b$ and $k$ which we characterize. We do numerical experiments at $n=1000$ which back up our claims. The achievable radius $b$ is much larger than the distance out to which known classical algorithms can efficiently find the nearest codeword. Hence, these states cannot be prepared by quantum constuctions that require uncomputing to find the codeword nearest a string. Unlike the analogous states for lattices in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $\ket{\Psi_b}$ is not a useful resource for bounded distance decoding because the relevant overlap falls off too quickly with distance and known classical algorithms do better. Furthermore the overlap calculation can be dequantized. Perhaps these states could be used to solve other code problems. The technique used to construct these states is of interest and hopefully will have applications beyond codes.
From C-F Activation to Catalytic Regioselective Hydrodefluorination of Pyridines with a Bench-Stable Nickel Complex
Authors: Duran Arroyo Victor , Nunez Roger , Arevalo Rebeca
Published: February 2025

The nickel(0) complex [Ni(iPrPN)(COD)] (iPrPN = 2-[(N-diisopropylphosphino)methylamino]pyridine, COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) was an efficient precatalyst for the hydrodefluorination of pyridines employing pinacolborane (HBPin). 2-fluoro and 2,6-difluoropyridines were hydrodefluorinated at the 2- and 6-positions under mild condi-tions. Mechanistic experiments allowed to identify COD decoordination followed by C-F activation as the catalyst en-try pathway to the cycle and the [Ni(iPrPN)(COD)] complex as the catalyst resting-state. The Ni(II) fluoride complex, [NiF(iPrPN)(6-Fpy)] (6-Fpy = 6-fluoropyrid-2-yl), was identified as an intermediate in the cycle and a bench-stable precatalyst for the process.
Dyeing to Know: Harmonising Nile Red Staining Protocols for Microplastic Identification
Authors: Ho Derek , Masura Julie
Published: February 2025

With the escalation of microplastic (MPs) pollution and the laborious nature of existing MPs identification methods, new approaches for large-scale sampling of MPs in the environment are necessary. A promising solution lies in the fluorescence staining of Nile Red (NR), whose fluorescence is polarity-dependent, offering the potential for classification based on fluorescence. However, the choice of carrier solvents to dissolve NR remains unstandardised, and methods to represent and differentiate the fluorescent behaviour of MPs are lacking. This study addresses these gaps by testing eight NR-carrier solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, acetone, methanol, ethanol, acetone/hexane, acetone/ethanol, and acetone/water) applied to ten most common polymer-types of MPs (HDPE, LDPE, PP, EPS, PS, PC, ABS, PVC, PET, and PA). The fluorescence behaviour, including fluorescence intensity and Stokes shift, was compared across solvents, and their effects on polymer degradation were evaluated. Additionally, the effectiveness of various polarity measures with the proposed HSV colour spaces in reflecting Stokes shift for MPs identification was assessed. To differentiate natural organic materials (e.g., eggshells, fingernails, wood, and cotton) from polymers, Fenton oxidation was found to quench the fluorescence of natural organic matter with minimal changes observed in NR-stained MPs. The findings identified acetone/water [25% (v/v)] as the best compromise, effectively mitigating the adverse effects of acetone while maintaining strong fluorescence behaviour suitable for identification.
Comprehensive Analysis of Crystalline Hydrophobic Alkylated Poly(ethyleneimine)s
Authors: Ayyar Anand , Lima Rodrigo , Adelodun Adedeji , Nagorsen Berit , Kirkensgaard Jacob , Rudić Svemir , Bordallo Heloisa , Lee Jiwoong
Published: February 2025

Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is a widely used polymer in catalysis, gas separation, water treatment, drug delivery, textile, and paper production. We propose a new method of transforming hydrophobic and hygroscopic PEIs into hydrophobic and crystalline materials via simple alkylation. The crystalline structure of the alkylated PEIs was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, small-angle X-ray scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, and inelastic neutron scattering. Consequently, the amine-rich alkylated polymer demonstrates CO2 responsiveness for CO2-mediated desalination.
Total synthesis of 1’-epi-septosones B and C and the originally assigned structures of spiroetherones A and B
Authors: Zhang Qunlong , Kang Jingyi , Tan Tiancheng , Dong Guanjun , Chen Jianwei , Lu Zhaoyong
Published: February 2025

Septosones B and C and spiroetherones A and B are two pairs of polycyclic avavane-type meroterpenoids which possess the same distinctive spiro[4.5]decane backbone but opposite orientations and exhibit promising biological activity. We report here the total synthesis of 1’-epi-septosones B and C and the originally assigned structures of spiroetherones A and B through an unusual stereospecific 1,2-alkyl migration of a 6/6 fused dienone tertiary alcohol to a spiro[4.5] enedione scaffold, which also led to the structural revision of spiroetherones A and B. More importantly, two new compounds were found to exhibit significant anticancer activity against Hep G2, MV-4-11, and MOLT-4 cell lines with IC50 value as low as 2.1 µM through bioactivity profiling of the synthetic advanced intermediates.
Synthesis of sensitive oligodeoxynucleotides containing acylated cytosine, adenine, and guanine nucleobases
Authors: Chillar Komal , Awasthy Rohith , Tanasova Marina , Fang Shiyue
Published: February 2025

The synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing the sensitive N6-acetyladenosine (6acA), N2-acetylguanosine (2acG), and N4-methyoxycarbonyldeoxycytidine (4mcC), as well as up to four N4-acetyldeoxycytidine (4acC) modifications is described. The meDmoc group was used for the protection of the exo-amino groups of nucleobases, and the Dmoc group was used as the linker for solid phase synthesis. Deprotection and cleavage were achieved under non-nucleophilic conditions, under which the highly sensitive 4acC, 6acA, 2acG, and 4mcC were found completely stable. Among the modified nucleotides, 4acC has been found in nature, and proven beneficial to DNA duplex stability. Although 6acA, 2acG and 4mcC have not been found in nature, a synthetic route to ODNs containing them is expected to facilitate projects aimed at studying their biophysical properties as well as potential for antisense, RNAi, CRISPR, and mRNA therapeutic applications.
The density-based many-body expansion for polypeptides and proteins
Authors: Vornweg Johannes R. , Maier Toni M. , Jacob Christoph R.
Published: February 2025

Fragmentation schemes enable the efficient quantum-chemical treatment of large biomolecular systems, and provide an ideal starting point for the development of accurate machine-learning potentials for proteins. Here, we present a fragment-based method that only used calculations for single-amino acids and their dimers, and is able to reduce the fragmentation error in total energies to ca. 1 kJ/mol per amino acid for polypeptides and proteins across different structural motifs. This is achieved by combining a two-body extension of the molecular fractionation with conjugate caps (MFCC) scheme with the density-based many-body expansion (db-MBE), thus extending the applicability of the db-MBE from molecular clusters to polypeptides and proteins.
QC-Augmented GNNs for Few-Shot Prediction of Amorphous Polymer Properties via Multi-Scale Microstructures
Authors: Zhang Yiwen , YE Zihao , HU Dejun , QI Shutao , SUN Zuobang , YANG Junfeng , MA Yan , ZHANG Yi , ZHANG Junliang , LI Zhiming
Published: February 2025

Accurate prediction of polymer properties is essential for material design. However, traditional methods often struggle with efficiency due to the limited availability of experimental data and insufficient understanding of polymer microstructures, particularly in the case of small datasets for amorphous polymers. To address this hallenge, we introduce a novel paradigm based on "local clusters", structural motifs whose properties are efficiently computed using quantum chemistry (QC) methods. These clusters, simulated across multiple scales, serve as key descriptors that encapsulate essential microstructural features of polymers. By integrating these QC-derived descriptors with graph convolutional networks (GNNs) or neural networks (NNs), we have developed Locluster, a multiscale, microstructure-driven predictive model tailored for data-scarce environments in amorphous polymer research. Notably, Locluster requires only 2–5 descriptors and as few as two dozen training samples to accurately predict critical polymer properties, including density, refractive index, dielectric constant, and glass transition temperature. The model achieves predictive performance comparable to approaches trained on large datasets, thereby effectively mitigating the data scarcity challenge in polymer informatics. This work provides an effective option for the rational design and accelerated discovery of novel polymeric materials.
Revealing Anisotropic Growth of Liraglutide Oligomers by Native Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Xi Zhenyu , Kuo Syuan-Ting Alex , Cong Xiao , Yan Xin , Russell David
Published: February 2025

Oligomerization is an intriguing problem, particularly at the early stages of precursor formation, where the mechanisms of oligomer growth are difficult to study due to their complexity and heterogeneity. Liraglutide, a widely used drug for diabetes and obesity, has demonstrated various oligomerization outcomes across different studies. In this study, we integrate native ion mobility mass spectrometry (nIM-MS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to unravel the assembly mechanisms of liraglutide oligomers. Our findings reveal that while assembly pathways vary in their steps, they consistently converge into a structure resembling a fuzzy oil drop model. Furthermore, a key residue is identified as a determining factor in oligomerization. The preference for specific shapes varies at different stages of oligomer formation, depending on the oligomer size. A theoretical model is proposed to fit collisional cross-section (CCS) data and is verified through both nIM-MS experiments and MD simulations, ultimately establishing an anisotropic growth mechanism for liraglutide. Additional MD simulations provide deeper insights into monomer conformations, which are closely linked to oligomer formation. A bias toward forming extended conformers is shown to facilitate assembly of larger oligomers in this self-assembling system.
On the location uncertainty of early-instrumental earthquakes
Authors: Di Giacomo Domenico , Garth Tom , Bondár István , Poiata Natalia , Gallacher Ryan , Harris James , Storchak Dmitry A.
Published: February 2025

Uncertainty in reported body-wave arrival times is a key contributor to earthquakes location error estimates,especially in the early-instrumental period (e.g., prior to the early 1960s). As such, a reliable assessment of the observa-tional errors in the early-instrumental period is an important element of the earthquake location problem. Standard locationprocedures at the International Seismological Centre assume seismic arrival time picking errors defined for the most recentdecades of instrumental seismology (i.e., from the early 1960s). However, the error measurements currently used fail to cap-ture the uncertainty in the seismic arrival time pickings of earthquakes occurred before the early 1960s (early-instrumentalperiod). The larger observational uncertainty in the early-instrumental period is due to a range of error sources arising fromreading arrival times on analogue seismographs. Such errors have been drastically reduced since the 1960s thanks to thesignificant improvements in seismometry and time keeping as well as the migration from analogue to digital stations world-wide. Since observational errors play a key role in the uncertainty estimations of an earthquake location, it follows that errorellipses for early-instrumental earthquakes are underestimated in our current procedures. To address this feature, we modifythe error assumptions used in the early-instrumental period with a time dependent term enabling more reliable error ellipsesfor early-instrumental earthquakes.
Application of computational and geocomputation techniques for geospatial analysis
Authors: Thomas U. Omali , Sylvester B. M. Akpata , Ibrahim Garba , Abdullahi Akande
Published: February 2025

Computational science has significantly advanced theory and experiment over many decades. Specifically, computational geography emerged in the 1980s in response to the reductionist limitations of early GIS software, which hindered deeper analyses of complex geographic data. The advent of relational databases further facilitated the use of computational methods in spatial data analysis. This study discusses the application of computational techniques and geocomputation in the spatial analysis of geographical phenomena. A literature search and data synthesis were conducted, followed by an exploration of computational methods, geocomputation, spatial data representation, storage and organization, spatial analytics, and GeoAI. Geocomputation is defined as the application of computer- intensive approaches, particularly those employing non-conventional data clustering and analysis methods, to discern knowledge. At present, these computational techniques enable the integration of diverse fields, supporting spatial analyses that require resources or ontological frameworks beyond the capabilities of traditional GIS software.
LoRa-based DC Motor Control and Yagi Antenna
Authors: Wicaksono Alfiyanto Wahyu , Nawawi Akhmad , Erfin Prafitama Setiawan Muhammad , Herwanto Yoko , Aribowo Widi , Herjuno Dimas
Published: February 2025

With the advancement of wireless communication technology, appropriate solutions such as LoRa SX1278, a long-range intermediate module with a wider range of IoT applications have become available. Nevertheless, problems still exist, especially in Non-Line of Sight (N-LoS) circumstances that can favor transmission. On the other hand, the demand for more effective motors in the household sector is growing, where DC motors provide purchasing managers with advanced and low-cost direct control capabilities over AC induction motors. Suggested approaches include the use of omni-directional antennas to increase the transmission range of LoRa as well as the application of DC motors to improve operational efficiency. This work develops the necessary techniques to increase the communication range of LoRa and optimize the use of DC motors in a small industrial setting. The research procedure consisted of investigating the automatic control of a 12V DC motor using an Arduino Uno and a DHT22 temperature sensor, and the study of remote control via LoRa SX1278 with switching mode logic. The tests conducted confirmed that the percentage error of DC motor control was 0.78%, 0.42%, and 0.26% in each category, respectively. There is also a clear 600m and 6250m data transmission range on the LoRa in two different locations, featuring the same switching logic. In summary, the embellishment of LoRa SX1278 through omni-directional antenna anchoring and mode switching logic on the LoRa SX1278-based DC motor control system displays efficient operation and extended transmission range, thus offering antimicrobial potential in household industrial applications.
UNIQUE YEW GROVE IN THE ALAGIR FORESTRY OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Bazaev A.B.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to establish the characteristics of the yew grove identified in the Tamisk district forestry of the Alagir Central Forestry of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Data on the main characteristics of phytocenoses containing yew berry are presented. The object of study is a unique yew grove in the Alagir forestry of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. The main characteristics of the forest stand were established according to standard methods adopted in taxation and forestry. The counting of young generation, undergrowth and living ground cover was carried out on circular survey plots of 10 m2 in accordance with RF patent No. 2084129. For young generation and undergrowth, the composition, total number, height and viability category were established. For living ground cover, an assessment of occurrence and projective cover by species is given. The distribution of trees of each species according to thickness levels is shown. The number of yew trees at the study sites ranges from 92 to 278 pcs/ha. The biometric characteristics of trees of different heights have been determined. The results obtained serve to develop programs for the conservation and restoration of Taxus baccata.
20 Anos de História: O Que Dizem os Professores Sobre a Implementação da Transversalidade na Educação em Ciências?
Authors: Carvalho Maria Adriana Santos , Nicolli Aline Andréia
Published: February 2025

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender como se configuram os discursos de professores que atuam no Ensino Médio, na área denominada atualmente Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias, acerca da implementação dos Temas Transversais, considerando os 20 anos de vigência dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. À vista disso, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e nos ancoramos nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa. O corpus de análise foi constituído por meio da aplicação de um instrumento de pesquisa on-line aos professores da rede estadual do Tocantins que atuaram em disciplinas da área no Ensino Médio em qualquer período compreendido entre 1998 e 2020. Quanto ao conceito de Transdisciplinaridade, os discursos dos docentes revelaram sentidos que remetem à cooperação, diálogo e interação entre diferentes áreas do conhecimento/disciplinas na abordagem de conteúdos/temas. A análise do conceito de Transversalidade, por sua vez, mostra que os enunciados expressam sentidos de conexão, integração e necessidade de contextualização e abordagem das questões cotidianas. Evidenciamos, de um lado, que os discursos docentes convergem com os sentidos encontrados nos documentos oficiais a partir dos anos 1990, que assumem a cidadania como eixo orientador da educação e destacam as questões sociais como temas fundamentais no processo de organização curricular. Tais sentidos, por outro lado, estão pautados na centralidade dos conteúdos curriculares, enquanto os temas sociais, embora sejam vistos como importantes, são entendidos como coadjuvantes e não como eixos integradores das diversas áreas.
Effective Social Media Impacts in Boosting Business in Hyderabad
Authors: K Sreepriya , Sharma Anshuman
Published: February 2025

Social media is one of many new forms of instantaneous online communication that have emerged in recent years as a result of developments in communication technology, innovations, and the dynamics of many forms of communication. Survey questionnaires, a typical method of data collecting in research, were used to compile the main data for this study. The major goal of this study is to determine the extent to which social media marketing affects customers' tendency to make online purchases. The results indicate that social media marketing influences customers' inclination to shop online.
EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE AND ACCURACY OF AI TECHNIQUES IN WIND SPEED FORECASTING
Authors: Sasankar Ashish B. , Soitkar Priyanka
Published: February 2025

The effectiveness of many artificial intelligence systems in predicting wind speed is investigated in this work. Enhancing prediction accuracy and reliability for renewable energy management is the aim. Our analysis disproves the first theory that suggests complicated models perform better. Rather, we have shown that more straightforward methods, such as Random Forest regressors and XGBoost, consistently outperform their more complex equivalents. With a mean average percentage error of 6% and a prediction accuracy of almost 94%, these models exhibit remarkable precision, explaining roughly 91% of the variability in the data (R squared). Furthermore, they demonstrate computational efficiency, leading to faster processing times as compared to more complex models. Our study emphasises how important it is to carry out realistic model selection and empirical testing for wind speed predictions. This advances the strategies for managing renewable energy sources. This paper demonstrates the enhanced predictive capabilities of AI techniques, improving wind speed prediction accuracy and dependability. Thus, it facilitates making well-informed choices on the usage of renewable energy.
Culturally responsive teaching in diverse classrooms: A framework for teacher preparation program
Authors: Ghaemi Hamed , Boroushaki Noushin
Published: February 2025

This paper analyses the importance of culturally responsive teaching (CRT) in heterogeneous classrooms and proposes a comprehensive framework for teacher development programmes designed to improve effective instruction for various student groups. As classroom diversity increases, it is imperative to equip pre-service teachers with the requisite knowledge and abilities to cultivate inclusive, culturally responsive learning environments. This study evaluates the influence of CRT principles on student performance and instructor preparedness by examining their integration into teacher education programmes. The investigation employed a mixed-methods approach to collect both qualitative and quantitative data, assessing the perceived impact on student engagement and academic performance, the challenges faced by educators, and the integration of CRT techniques into teacher preparation programmes. The results highlight the necessity of enhancing teachers’ cultural competence, promoting equity literacy, and fostering critical self-reflection to ensure educators are prepared to address the needs of diverse learners. The study provides pragmatic recommendations for improving teacher education, emphasising the necessity of continuous dedication to social justice, equity, and culturally sustaining pedagogy within teacher training programmes. This research contributes to the discourse on adequately equipping teachers to manage the intricacies of diversity in modern classrooms.