bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The optimal upfront therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Mutlu Hasan , Bozcuk Hakan
Published: July 2021

Background:

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancer types in men. In addition to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), new generation agents have provided survival advantages to patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive PC (mHSPC). In this analysis, we aimed to determine the most effective approach for treating and suppressing mHSPC using network meta-analysis (NMA).

Materials and Methods:

A total of 10 trials investigating different treatment modalities were conducted using NMA. The analysis was performed for all mHSPC cases as well as for low- and high-volume and docetaxel-naive subgroups.

Results:

In combination with ADT, abiraterone acetate (AA) in the general-population and high-volume-disease subgroups, and enzalutamide in docetaxel-naive and low-volume-disease subgroups have the highest probability of being the best treatment modalities in terms of overall survival. In addition, in the low-volume and docetaxel-naive settings, enzalutamide was superior to ADT (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.429, 95% CrI: 0.258–0.714 and HR = 0.533, 95% CrI: 0.375–0.756, respectively). In addition, in the high-volume and general-population settings (all trials and cases), AA was superior to ADT (HR = 1.568, 95% CrI: 1.378–1.773 and HR = 1.164, 95%CrI: 1.348–1.924, respectively).

Conclusion:

The volume status based on the CHAARTED trial should be taken into account to determine an appropriate treatment strategy for mHSPC. AA plus prednisone in high-risk and high-volume-mHSPC patients and enzalutamide in low-volume-mHSPC patients could be favorable options in combination with ADT. Depending on the patient’s tolerance, in high-volume mHSPC, docetaxel, or apalutamide in combination with ADT could be alternatives for AA, whereas in the low-volume mHSPC, local radiotherapy plus ADT or ADT alone could be utilized in place of enzalutamide.
О критических показателях для слабых решений задачи Коши для одного нелинейного уравнения составного типа
Authors: Korpusov Maxim Olegovich , Matveeva Aleksandra Konstantinovna
Published: July 2021

В работе рассматривается задача Коши для некоторого модельного уравнения в частных производных третьего порядка и со степенной нелинейностью вида $|u|^q$, где $u=u(x,t)$ при $x\in\mathbb{R}^3$ и $t\geqslant 0$. Для линейной части нелинейного уравнения построено фундаментальное решение, с помощью которого сначала в ограниченной области, а затем в неограниченных областях построены формулы, аналогичные третьим формулам Грина для эллиптических операторов. Далее для классических решений рассматриваемой задачи Коши получено интегральное уравнение. Рассматривая отдельно это интегральное уравнение, доказано, что оно имеет единственное непродолжаемое во времени решение в весовых пространствах ограниченных и непрерывных функций. Доказано, что каждое решение этого интегрального уравнения является локальным во времени слабым решением рассматриваемой задачи Коши при условии $q>3$, а при $q\in(1,3]$ методом нелинейной емкости С. И. Похожаева доказано, что локальных во времени слабых решений задачи Коши в широком классе начальных функций нет. При $q\in(3,4]$ тем же методом нелинейной емкости доказано, что глобальных во времени слабых решений рассматриваемой задачи Коши в достаточно широком классе начальных функций тоже нет.
Библиография: 18 наименований.
Об оснащенных простых чисто вещественных числах Гурвица
Authors: Kazarian Maxim Eduardovich , Lando Sergei Konstantinovich , Natanzon Sergey Mironovich
Published: July 2021

Мы исследуем вещественные числа Гурвица, перечисляющие вещественные мероморфные функции специального вида, которые мы называем оснащенными чисто вещественными функциями. Мы выводим дифференциальные уравнения в частных производных типа уравнений транспозиции на производящие функции для этих чисел. Также мы строим отвечающую этим числам топологическую теорию поля.
Библиография: 18 наименований.
Неравенства для среднего времени выхода случайного блуждания из интервала
Authors: Lotov Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: July 2021

Получены двусторонние неравенства для среднего времени выхода из интервала для случайного блуждания с нулевым и отрицательным сносом.
Библиография: 13 наименований.
Присоединенные $(1,1)$-классы на трехмерных многообразиях
Authors: Horing Andreas
Published: July 2021

Дается ответ на вопрос Филипа и Тозатти, касающийся теоремы о свободе от базисных точек для трансцендентных $(1,1)$-классов на компактных трехмерных кэлеровых многообразиях.
Библиография: 21 наименование.
Локальные предельные теоремы для сложных дискретных распределений
Authors: Timashev Aleksandr Nikolaevich
Published: July 2021

Доказываются локальные предельные теоремы для сложных дискретных распределений (нормальная и теорема о больших уклонениях). Рассматриваются некоторые примеры таких распределений, включая сложное пуассоновское и сложные биномиальное и отрицательное биномиальное распределения. В изложении, наряду с элементарными асимптотическими методами, используется метод перевала.
Характеризующие статистики и их применения
Authors: Prokhorov Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Savitskii Aleksandr Vadimovich
Published: July 2021

В данной статье рассматривается задача построения характеризующих статистик для некоторых типов распределений внутри определенных классов. Построена характеризующая статистика для нормального многомерного распределения с использованием теории случайных матриц. Изучены свойства и характеристики сферически симметричных распределений. Приведены примеры статистик, которые можно использовать при характеризации симметричных распределений. Исследованы приложения характеризующих статистик в теории проверки гипотез. На основе полученных результатов исследована возможность различения многомерного равномерного и нормального типов распределений внутри группы сферически симметричных распределений по малым выборкам. Получена оценка снизу количества наблюдений, на основании которых можно различить эти распределения.
Альтернативный метод доказательства эргодической теоремы для общих цепей Маркова
Authors: Nagaev Sergey Victorovich
Published: July 2021

Разработан аналитический метод доказательства эргодических теорем для цепей Маркова с произвольным фазовым пространством,
альтернативный методу расщепления Атрейя-Нея и Нуммелина. Этот метод позволяет избежать расширения исходного фазового пространства, которое, на наш взгляд, является остроумным, но все-таки искусственным приемом.
On the maximum entropy of a sum of independent discrete random variables
Authors: Kovacevic Mladen
Published: July 2021

Пусть $X_1,…, X_n $ - независимые случайные величины, принимающие значения в алфавите $\{0,1,…,r\} $, и $S_n=\sum_{i=1}^nX_i$. Теорема Шеппа-Олкина утверждает, что в бинарном случае ($r=1$) энтропия Шеннона случайной величины $S_n$ максимальна, когда все $X_i$ равномерно распределены, т.е. являются бернуллиевскими с параметром $1/2$. Стремясь обобщить эту теорему на случай конечных алфавитов, мы получаем нижнюю границу для максимума энтропии случайной величины $S_n$ и доказываем, что она точна в некоторых частных случаях. В дополнение к этим частным случаям приводится еще один довод в поддержку гипотезы о том, что полученная граница представляет собой оптимальное значение для всех $n$, $r$, т.е. что $H(S_n)$ максимальна, когда $X_1,…,X_{n-1}$ равномерно распределены на $\{0,r\}$, в то время как функция распределения масс случайной величины $X_n$ является смесью (с явным образом определенными ненулевыми весами) равномерных распределений на $\{0,r\}$ и $\{1,…,r-1\}$.
О потраекторной единственности решений многомерного уравнения Маккина-Власова
Authors: Veretennikov Alexander Yurevich
Published: July 2021

При умеренно слабых условиях регулярности на коэффициенты сноса и диффузии для многомерных уравнений Маккина-Власова установлена потраекторная единственность. И снос и диффузия зависят от маргинального распределения процесса. При ограниченных коэффициентах достаточным условием потраекторной единственности является условие Дини по фазовой переменной коэффициента сноса вместе с условием Липшица по фазовой переменной коэффициента диффузии; последний также предполагается непрерывным по времени и равномерно невырожденным. Постановка задачи - классическая Маккина-Власова, т.е. коэффициенты уравнения представлены в виде интегралов по маргинальным распределениям процесса.
Unsettled Issues Regarding Visual Communication Between Automated Vehicles and Other Road Users
Authors:   Silicon Valley Mobility
Published: July 2021

As automated road vehicles begin their deployment into public traffic, and they will need to interact with human driven vehicles, pedestrians, bicyclists, etc. This requires some form of communication between those automated vehicles (AVs) and other road users. Some of these communication modes (e.g., auditory, motion) were discussed in “Unsettled Issues Regarding Communication of Automated Vehicles with Other Road Users.” Unsettled Issues Regarding Visual Communication Between Automated Vehicles and Other Road Users focuses on sisual communication and its balance of reach, clarity, and intuitiveness. This report discusses the different modes of visual communication (such a simple lights and rich text) and how they can be used for communication between AVs and other road users. A particular emphasis is put on standardization to highlight how uniformity and mass adoption increases efficacy of communications means.
Prešerens eigene Übersetzung des späteren Mottos Prosto srce (das freie Herz). Muttersprache und Zweitsprache in einem dichterischen Kontext
Authors: Križman Mirko
Published: July 2021

In der Sprachwissenschaft bekam der Strukturalismus eine bedeutende Stellung. Jedoch muß man den deskriptiven Strukturalismus als Beschreibung grammatischer Kennzeichen einzelner Äußerungen gegenüber dem Strukturalismus, der Sätze und Texte als einen Korpus einer natürlichen Sprache sieht, unterscheiden. Die linguistischen Strukturen und die ihnen zugrunde liegenden Gesetzmäßigkeiten, wie das die generative Grammatik zu erforschen sucht, sind vor allem eine Theorie, die eine menschliche Fähigkeit in einer einheitlichen Weise rational schematisch auffaßt und zergliedert.
Neologismen in den Pressetextsorten Nachricht und Glose
Authors: Jesenšek Vida
Published: July 2021

Die Pressetextsorten Nachricht und Glosse haben in der Tages- und Wochenpresse eine feste und längst etablierte Position. Einerseits gehört die Nachricht zum klassischen Bestand der Anfangsseiten einer Tageszeitung, und andererseits gibt es selten Tageszeitungen ohne eine regelmäßig oder wenigstens gelegentlich erscheinende Glosse. In dem vorliegenden Artikel wird versucht, in diesen hinsichtlich der Textfunktionen diametral unterschiedlichen Pressetextsorten lexikalische Innovationen zu beobachten, die in der Fachliteratur mit dem Terminus Neologismus benannt werden.
C. Santoro, Sul caduceo con !'epigrafe IM. 13, II (Taranto) e i rapporti latinomessapici,
Authors: Bonfante Giuliano
Published: July 2021

Seguendo il Ribezzo e il Pepe, Santoro riafferma, con piena ragione a mio avviso, l'autenticità del caduceo. La data è il III-II sècolo a. C. (p. 181). Sano stati rinvenuti nella Magna Grecia una decina (?) di caducei, di cui cinque in territorio messàpico. Ma uno solo è con un'iscrizione, quello precisamente  che ilSantoro studia.
Antonio e Giovanni Pellizzer, Vocabolario del dialetto di Rovigno d'Istria I-II; Centro di Ricerche Storiche Rovigno, Collana degli Atti n. 10; Unione Italiana-Fiume - Univer­ sita Popolare di Trieste; Trieste - Rovigno 1992.
Authors: Tekavčić Pavao
Published: July 2021

La lessicografia istroromanza (IR) vanta ormai una discreta tradizione: vocabo­ lari di G.A.Dalla Zonca (dignanese; 1978) e di D.Cemecca (vallese; 1986), materiale IR nell' AIS e nei vocabolari di E.Rosamani (1958 e 1975), alcuni studi ecc. A questi si ag­ giunge adesso ii Vocabolario qui recensito, uscito nella stessa collana come quelli <lei Dalla Zonca e del Cemecca. Esso, con le sue 1140 pagine, supera per mole quasi tre volte la somma dei due precedenti e, poiché contiene anche ii lessico degli altri dialetti IR, è in un certo modo  la summa  della lessicografia  IR. Sono state purtroppo  omesse  le voci registrate dall'AIS (p. 9), sicché manca una notevole parte dei patrimonio lessicale IR.
Liliana Spinozzi Monai, Dal Friuli Alla Russia. Mezzo secolo di storia e di cul­ tura. In margine all'epistolario (1875-1928) Jan Baudouin de Courtenay. Società Filologica Friulana, Udine 1994.
Authors: Jakopin Franc
Published: July 2021

Questo libro rappresenta una preziosa novità scientifica nel campo della slavistica e della friulanistica. Vi sono pubblicate le lettere, le cartoline postali inviate da intellet­ tuali friulani (in parte anche italiani) e beneciani (filologi, etnografi, storici, avvocati, ecc.) allo studioso polacco Baudouin de Courtenay che, nei primi anni settanta dello scorso secolo, in qualità di docente di linguistica slava all'Università di Pietroburgo, ap­ pena ventottenne si recò nella Slavia Friulana e in altri luoghi del Friuli al fine di com­ piere delle ricerche sui relativi dialetti slavi, o più precisamente sloveni. Nei quattro de­ cenni successivi vi ritornò otto volte e pubblicò uno studio basilare sui dialetti resiani e altri contributi su Resia e i suoi abitanti, nonché ricco materiale sia sul dialetto di Resia che quello del Torre (Opyt fonetiki rez'janskich govorov, 1875 - Saggio di fonetica delle parlate resiane; Materialy dlja južnoslavjanskoj dialektologii i etnografii 2. Obrazcy jazyka na govorach Terskich Slavjan v sevemovostočnoj ltalii, 1904). II mate­ riale dialettale raccolto nelle valli del Natisone, rimasto in forma manoscritta, viene pubblicato nel 1988 da Liliana Spinozzi Monai (con commento folklorico di M. Matičetov) presso l'Editoriale Stampa Triestina con ii titolo "Materiali per la dialettolo­ gia e l'etnografia slava meridionale 4. Testi popolari in prosa e in versi raccolti in Val Natisone nel 1873".
Zur Entwicklung der Partizipial- und Gerundialkonstruktionen auf -č und -ši in der slowenischen Schriftsprache des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Jesenšek Marko
Published: July 2021

Die Partizipial- und Gerundialkonstruktionen auf -č und -ši in der slowenischen Schriftsprache des 19. Jahrhunderts wurden in der gesprochenen Sprache kaum ver­ wendet, und waren auch in der Entwicklungsgeschichte der Literatursprache zen­ tralslowenischen Typs seit dem 16. Jahrhundert schlecht vertreten. 2 Das Interesse für diese alten syntaktischen Kategorien verstärkte sich jedoch unerwartet im 19. Jahrhun­ dert: Das ist die Zeit der ersten Übermittlungen der Bemtihungen für eine eigene Schriftsprache in Prekmurje, wo die Partizipial- und Gerundialkonstruktionen auf -č und -ši bereits seit den Erstausgaben stark vertreten waren.
Barriers and Facilitators to Uptake of Prostate Cancer Screening in a Kenyan Rural Community
Authors: Mbugua Ruth Gathoni , Karanja Simon , Oluchina Sherry
Published: July 2021

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is curable with early detection, yet it remains a major public health problem globally and a leading  cause of mortality among men. The objective of the study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to the uptake of prostate cancer screening among men aged 40–69 years in a rural community in Kenya.

Methods: We utilized an explorative qualitative design and purposive sampling to select participants. Six focus group discussions (FGDs)  and seven in-depth interviews were conducted among 59 men aged 40–69 years and key informants in Kiambu County, Kenya. Data was collected using a semi-structured guide and content analysis was done.

Results: The facilitators of screening included experience of symptoms, proximity and prominence of cancer, accessibility, and advocacy. The barriers to screening included lack of knowledge, fatalistic beliefs, low risk perception, stigma, and male dominance factors.

Conclusion: This study provides vital information for the development of interventions to enhance shared decision-making in regard to PC screening. Capacity building of clinicians, task shifting and provision of well-coordinated affordable culturally sensitive screening services should be explored. The concerted effort among policy makers and all health care workers to overcome the stated barriers to  screening is highly recommended.
Pattern and Outcome of Splenic Injury in Children
Authors: Chukwubuike Kevin Emeka
Published: July 2021

Background: The spleen is the most frequently injured organ in abdominal trauma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern and management outcome of splenic injury in children in a tertiary hospital.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of children treated for splenic trauma at the Pediatric Surgery Unit of Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH) Enugu, Nigeria. The medical records of the patients over a 10-year period were evaluated.

Results: There were 61 cases of splenic trauma of which 72.1% were male. Their ages ranged from 4 to 14 years with a median of 10 years. Road traffic accident and fracture were the most common mechanism of injury and associated injury respectively. The majority had grade III splenic injury and nonoperative management was the predominant modality of treatment. Operative procedures included splenectomy and splenorrhaphy. Mortality occurred in two (3.3%) patients.

Conclusions: Splenic injury can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Road traffic accidents are a common cause of  splenic injury and nonoperative management is an effective modality of treatment.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose and Microcrystalline Cellulose from Sugarcane Bagasse and Assessment of the Microcrystalline Cellulose as a Directly Compressible Excipient
Authors: Natanim Degefu , Tesfaye Gabriel , Anteneh Belete , Tsige Gebre-Mariam
Published: July 2021

Cellulose, the most abundant biomass material in nature finds wide applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Sugarcane bagasse (SCB)  is one of the main agricultural lignocellulose byproducts. The objective of this study was to prepare and characterize native and  microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from SCB and evaluate the MCC as a directly compressible pharmaceutical excipient. Cellulose was  extracted from SCB by chlorine-free methods with or without dewaxing. MCC was prepared from the cellulose by hydrolysis using  hydrochloric acid, and subsequently oven-dried (OD) or spray-dried (SD). The as-obtained cellulose and MCC were characterized in terms of yield, degree of polymerization (DP), chemical functionality, crystallinity, morphology and thermal stability. The chemical composition,  particle size, densities and direct compressibility of MCCs were also determined. Cellulose yields on a dry weight basis were found to be  42.8 ± 1.10% and 43.5 ± 0.5% from non-dewaxed and dewaxed SCB, respectively. Dewaxed SCB cellulose (DSCBC) provided higher yield of MCC (DSCB-MCCOD, 83 ± 0.74%) than non-dewaxed SCB cellulose (SCBC) (SCB-MCCOD; 78 ± 1.07%). The DP of SCBC and DSCBC were  580.56 and 592.75, respectively, while the DP of MCC ranged from 230.10 - 251.40. The FTIR spectra of both cellulose and MCC were similar with that of Avicel PH-101. The degree of crystallinity of the dewaxed cellulose (77.34%) and MCCOD (79.56%) and MCC-SD (81.87%) were  higher than non-dewaxed cellulose (74.50%) and MCC-OD (78.11%) and MCC-SD (79.62%). Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed a  fibrous structure for DSCBC and rod-shaped for DSCB-MCC. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed dewaxed products exhibited better thermal stability than non-dewaxed products. All MCC samples exhibited monomodal normal particle size distributions. The Hausner ratio and Carr’s index of DSCB-MCCOD and Avicel PH-101 were not significantly different (p < 0.05) indicating similar flow property and  compressibility of the materials, respectively. Also, plain tablets prepared from SCB-MCC showed reasonably high crushing strengths (MCC-SD > MCC-OD), although tablets of Avicel PH-101 showed the highest crushing strengths. Thus, SCB could be an alternative source of cellulose and MCC for pharmaceutical applications.
In vitro Activity of Selected Ethiopian Medicinal Plants against Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Woldetensay Liya , Asres Kaleab , Ameni Gobena , Shibeshi Workineh
Published: July 2021

Tuberculosis is a major global public health problem causing ill-health in millions of the world’s population. The emergence of drug  resistant strains is a major challenge to the tuberculosis control programme. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of new drugs. Herbs could be potential source of novel antituberculosis drugs due to their special attribute as a large source of therapeutic  phytochemicals. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimycobacterial activity of the 80% methanol extracts of  Erythrina brucei stem bark, Euphorbia candelabrum latex, Otostegia integrifolia leaf, Rumex abyssinicus root, and the chloroform extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf on in vitro cultures of strains of Mycobactrium bovis and Mycobactrium tuberculosis. The extracts were obtained through cold maceration and soxhlet extraction, and essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. Macrodilution technique was used for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. The MIC of the chloroform extract of V. amygdalina was 10 mg/ml against the mycobacterial strains tested. The 80% methanol extracts of E. brucei, O. integrifolia and R. abyssinicus were effective against M. bovis only with MIC ranging from 12.50 - 25.00 mg/ml. The oil from O. integrifolia was not active against the tested strains. E. candelabrum and oil from O. integrifolia failed to show antimycobacterial activity. In conclusion, the leaf  extract of V. amygdalina is proven to be the most active plant that could be a potential source for antimycobacterial agents for human and bovine tuberculosis. Erythrina brucei, O. integrifolia and R. abyssinicus displayed good antimycobacterial activity against M. bovis suggesting their potential to be sources of new compounds for bovine tuberculosis.
Comparative Analysis of Stockpile Volume Estimation using UAV and GPS Techniques
Authors: Mantey S. , Aduah M. S.
Published: July 2021

Mining operations involve the extraction of minerals of economic value from the earth. In surface mining operations, overburdens need to be stripped in other to reach the ore. Large volumes of waste as well as ore is stripped in the process. Various technologies have been used to aid in stockpile volume estimation. Notable among them are the Total Stations and Global Positioning Systems (GPS). However, labour, safety and time has challenged the use of these technologies. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), commonly known as drone is an emerging technology for stockpile volume computations in the Mine. UAV technology for data collection is less labour intensive, safer and faster. Therefore, this study applied the UAV technology in an open pit to estimate stockpile volumes from a Mine. For the purpose of this study, GPS and UAV data were collected for measuring stockpile volumes of materials mined. The actual volumes of stockpiles A, B, C, D (Case 2), produced differences of 0.05% for A, 0.05% for B, 0.08% for C, 0.07% for D and 0.03% for A, -0.03% for B, 0.03% for C and 0.04% for D, for the GPS-based and the UAV-based techniques, respectively. The GPS-based technique generated moderate accuracies for volume estimation, but was time consuming and labour intensive, compared to the UAV-based technique; which was faster and less labour intensive. The UAV-based technique was the most accurate, safest and is capable of mapping large areas rapidly. It is therefore recommended that UAV survey be incorporated in stockpile volume estimation.

Keywords: UAV, GPS, Stockpile, Mine, Total Stations
Land Management Problems in the Mining Communities of Tarkwa, Ghana -A Look at Boundary Markers and Resurveys
Authors: Kwesi E. A. A. , Simpson O. , Lawerty J. K. , Mends A. , Assencher C. , Baffoe P. E.
Published: July 2021

Boundary resurveys have become necessary in most mining communities of Ghana, especially, Tarkwa and its environs due to pressure and alteration in land use and land cover by mining operations. Most of the boundary markers (pillars, trees, streams, hills, valleys, footpaths, etc.) used in the past have been destroyed by mining and other associated activities. This has led to many disputes about ground boundaries and ownership of land tracts in the area. To curb the incidences of such conflicts, it has become important to have more reliable and scientific demarcations and surveys of the old boundaries and owners of land tracts in the area for registration, using modern technologies in land surveying. Equipment and methods used over a century ago to mark and describe land boundaries in the area have become obsolete now, and modern equipment and methods, while capable of measuring to very high precisions, cannot automatically give or tell the right boundaries and owners of land tracts established centuries ago. This paper examines the land boundaries situation in the study area, the impacts of mining on this, the need for boundary retracement surveys, the challenges that the rampant destruction of boundary markers in mining communities pose to such resurveys, and offers suggestions on dealing with these challenges in the management of land in the area.  It also provides helpful information to land owners, land ‘buyers’ and land surveyors on the effects of the boundary problems on land transactions, surveys and registration in mining areas.

 

Keywords: Surface Mining, Boundary Markers, Retracement Surveys, Land Conflicts, Management
Forecasting cotton lint exports in Nigeria using the autoregressive integrated moving average model
Authors: Akenbor A.S. , Nwandu P.I.
Published: July 2021

Nigeria was a major global exporter of cotton lint to international market during the colonial and post-colonial era till late 70s when the  country fully embraced oil exports to the detriment of the non-oil sector, cotton lint exports inclusive. However, Nigeria is gradually emphasizing agricultural exports again to earn huge foreign exchange, the oil sector having left the country in economic crises. This study utilized time series model particularly, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) to make forecasting of cotton lint exports in Nigeria by using 46 yearly observations (1970-2015). The model went through series of investigative and diagnostic tests in order to observe the usefulness of the model. The fitting of the selected ARIMA (2,1,2) model to the time series data, means fitting ARIMA (2,1,2) model of one first order difference. Smaller RMSE, MAE as well as Theil Inequality coefficient are actually preferred and justified that ARIMA (2,1,2) model was justified as adequate for the forecasting of cotton lint exports in Nigeria with AIC value of 20.96771, SIC value of 21.04881, MAPE value of 6751.231, RMSE of 93303.67 and R2 of 0.330951. A thirty-year period ahead of cotton lint exports is predicted. The observations signify a rising trend in exports hence; it will be available especially in the future for foreign trade in the next thirty years. The outcome from the study is valuable for trade organisations and investors in assessing the precariousness of the market structure.
Determinants of farmers’ adoption of agroforestry technology in Ibarapa Area of Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Awe F. , Oguntoye T.O. , Olatunji B.T.
Published: July 2021

This study examined the various forms of agroforestry technologies adopted by the farmers as well as assessed the factors influencing the adoption of agroforestry technologies among farmers in the study area. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the respondents from the study area. Both descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages as well as inferential statistics such as Logistic Regression model were used in the study. From the study, it was discovered that adopters of agroforestry technology accounts for 42.47%, while non-adopters accounted for 57.53% of the sampled respondents. The result further shows the different forms of  agroforestry practices adopted by the farmers in the study area which includes boundary planting, multipurpose trees/shrubs, wind breaks and live fencing. The result of the analysis of the factors that influence the adoption of agroforestry technologies among farmers from the logistic regression analysis revealed that access to extension services, age, education, farming experience, farm size and gender were positive and significant factors in determining the adoption of agroforestry technologies among the farmers.
Effect of neem fertilizer rates and weed control methods on the growth and yield of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) merrill) in north Central Nigeria
Authors: Garba Y. , Yakubu Z. , Yakubu A.I. , Alhassan J. , Gana M. , Mohammed A.B. , Danjuma S.
Published: July 2021

Two field experiments were conducted at the Research Farm of the Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State during the 2018 and 2019 rainy seasons to determine the effect of neem fertilizer rates and weed control methods on the growth and yields of soybeans. The experimental treatments were made up of four neem fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) and six weed control methods (pendimethalin at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 followed by one hoe weeding, pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 followed by diuron at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1, weeding once at 3 WAS, weeding twice at 3 and 6 WAS, weed free and weedy check. The experiment was a 3 × 3 factorial experiment laid out in a Randomize complete block design replicated three times. TGX 1448 – 2E variety of soybean was used for the study. Result showed that weed control efficiency was better with the use of 150 kg ha-1 of neem fertilizer, while decrease in weed dry matter was obtained at 50 kg ha-1. Increase in number of leaves and leaf area were encouraged with 150 kg ha-1 of neem fertilizer. Weed free treatments recorded the highest grain yield and 100 seed weight of soybean. Pendimethalin at 1.5 or 2.0 kg a.i ha-1 supplemented with one hoe weeding or diuron at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 respectively can be an alternative for better control of weeds to obtain greater yield of soybean in the study area.
Civilisation and Economic Recession as Retardants to Communication Inherent in Efe, Gelede and Zangbeto Total Theatre Performance: The Cultural and Creative Arts Overview
Authors: Idowu Kojusotito Olatunji , Oriola Mufutau Oluwakemi
Published: July 2021

This paper examined economic recession and civilization as retardants of Efe, Gelede and Zangbeto traditional annual propitiatory festivals among the Yewa, Anago and Gun people of Southwest Nigeria, notable with total theatrical performances. The festivals aimed to control social vices and cleanse the community by exposing culprits who faced the consequences. Interviews were conducted on adherents and findings showed that lack of sponsorship and superimposition of Western beliefs have retarded the celebrations, evident in low-key practices with less theatrical performances. The paper suggests that government should improve on these traditional practices for the security and well-being of the society.
The Song of Songs: Its Basic Teaching and Place in the OT Canon
Authors: Igbo Philip
Published: July 2021

The Song of Songs is a love poem (or a collection of poems), full of sensuous symbols. The central theme of the book is love; it celebrates human love in all its physical dimensions. Its language is love, a language which seems daring and sometimes even shocking, considering its seeming erotic feature. The author provides a teaching on the place of love and marriage in God’s plan of creation. It focuses on fidelity and mutuality in love between the sexes. The author offers a perspective of love not found elsewhere in the biblical writings. The climax of his teaching on love is contained in Sg 8:6-7. Here the poet emphasizes the power and energy of love. He compares the consuming power of love to “a raging flame” (rišpê ’ēš) which no water can quench. He specifies the value of love: love is so priceless that no material wealth can match it.
The Place and Meaning of Suffering in Evangelical Theology
Authors: Harold Prof. Dr Godfrey
Published: July 2021

The Evangelical view of God is rooted in Orthodox Theology. The article posits that it is within the classical understanding of God that Christians can find their best resources for dealing with the problem of evil from theological, practical and even philosophical perspectives. The present suffering that COVID-19 has brought to the world requires us to answer the question, ‘what on earth is God doing?’ With over two million officially recorded deaths in the world and over 63000 deaths in South Africa, the present suffering requires an investigation on one of the most serious objections to a belief in a loving God. In this article, attention is given to how Evangelicals understand the implications, meaning and relevance of suffering. In developing a theology and meaning of suffering, I propose the approach that is rooted in the classical understanding of God is best suited to address this dilemma. Focusing on the works of Augustine, and Evangelical theologians, an Evangelical Theology on the meaning and relevance of human suffering which includes suffering as non-punitive and punitive is developed by concluding that God allows evil and punishment for development and discipline.
FinFET based Design and Performance Analysis of Nano-processor for Low Area, Low Power and Minimum Delay using 32nm
Authors: Anil Kumar D
Published: July 2021

The recent technologies in VLSI chips has grown in terms of scaling of transistor and device parameters but still there is a challenging task for controlling of current between source and drain terminals. For effective control of device current, the FinFET transistors have come into VLSI chip manufacturing, through which current can be effectively controlled. This section addresses the issues present in CMOS technology and majorly concentrated on proposed 4-bit Nano processor using FinFET 32nm technology by using Cadence Virtuoso software tool. In the proposed Nanoprocessor design, the first portion of the design is done using 4bit ALU which includes all basic and universal gates, high speed adder, multiplier and multiplexer. The Carry Save Adder (CSA) and multiplier are the major sub component which can optimize the power consumption and area reduction. The second portion of the proposed Nano processor design is 4-bit 6T SRAM and encoder and decoder and also using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). All these sub components are designed at analog transistors (Schematic level) through which the Graphic Data System (GDS-II) is generated through mask layout design. Finally, the verification and validation are done using DRC and LVS and at the last chip level circuit is generated for chip fabrication. The ALU is designed by using CMOS inverters and the designed ALU schematic is simulated through 32nm FinFET using technological library and compared with CMOS technology which is simulated through 32nm CMOS library (without FinFET). The power consumption of AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND gates, SRAM, Encoder, Decoder and ANN are 36.09nW, 64.970nW, 61.13nW, 33.31nW, 37.45nW, 32.5% with optimization in power dissipation of 47% along with optimization in leakage current, with 2.68uW, 1.98uW and 7.5% improvement in power consumption and 0.5% information loses are compressed subsequently respectively. The basic gates, universal gates, CSA, subtraction and MUX are integrated for 4-bit ALU design and its delay, power consumption and area are found to be 0.104nsec, 314.4uW and 56.8μsqm respectively.
Social worldviews and social attitudes: Examining the psychological correlates for other-concern
Authors: Olonisakin Tosin Tunrayo , Adebayo Sulaiman Olanrewaju , Idemudia Erhabor Sunday
Published: July 2021

Social inequality or inequity is existent in every society. As such, most societies dedicate efforts to ensuring fairness and justice for all its members. The university environment constitutes a miniature society on its own and everyday broader realities of the larger society are equally applicable within the university.  The attitude that students hold with regards to social inequality could be a function of their worldviews which act as guiding principles for social conduct. In this study, the worldviews of self-transcendence and just-world beliefs were examined in relation to support for affirmative action and social dominance orientation among students. The study employed a survey approach with data collected through questionnaires from a sample of 331 (62.8% female) undergraduate students in a public university. The authors hypothesized that self-transcendence and just-world beliefs would be positively associated with support for affirmative action and negatively with social dominance orientation. Result of data analysis using structural equation modelling confirmed the hypotheses in this study. However, the relationship between just-world beliefs and social dominance orientation was not significant. Results were discussed for their implications for acceptance of social policies that try to bridge the gap between dominant and marginalised groups. The implication of findings for understanding and managing interaction between groups in an educational setting were emphasised. Recommendations were made regarding how policy makers can use knowledge of worldviews held by student in designing strategies geared towards acceptance of policies targeted at ensuring positive outcomes for members of disadvantaged groups. Suggestions for future research were given.
FROTTEURISM DISORDER
Authors: Siserman Costel Vasile
Published: July 2021

Frotteurism disorder or frotteurism is one of the paraphilic disorders that cause sexual arousal. It is the act of touching or rubbing the genitals against a person in a sexual manner, without their consent, to obtain sexual pleasure or to reach orgasm. Those who practice frotteurism find pleasure in having a private sexual experience in a public setting.
Impact of LEAM and CBV conditioning on gastrointestinal toxicity at early periods following hematopoietic cell transplantation: A retrospective study
Authors: Novaes Cristina De Paula , Hallack Neto Abrahão Elias , Santos Kelli Borges dos , Corrêa Luciana
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To compare the severity of oral mucositis and the frequency of gastrointestinal mucositis, and to observe if there is impact of these adverse effects on overall survival (OS), in patients who underwent CBV (carmustine, BCNU, and VP-16) and LEAM (lomustine, etoposide, Ara-C, and melphalan) conditioning for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (aHCT). Method: We collected retrospective data from medical records (n = 120) of transplantation and mucositis in the digestive tract of Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients. Results: The frequency of OM grade 1 was higher in LEAM (36.76%) than in CBV (19.72%, p=0.038). There were no significant differences between the frequency of gastrointestinal mucositis in the two regimens (CBV - 52.11% and LEAM - 63.27%, p=0.305). CBV regimen exhibited lower 1-year overall survival (OS) than did LEAM (p=0.003). Oral mucositis grade ≥2 was associated with reduced OS in the CBV group (p=0.013). CBV regimen (HR=2.98, p 0.005) and oral mucositis grade ≥2 (HR=2.17, p=0.013) interfered negatively on the OS rate. Conclusion: Oral mucositis was more severe in CBV than in LEAM, decreasing the OS rate. Further studies with comprehensive follow-up and toxicity analyses must be undertaken to clarify the safety of LEAM conditioning in the digestive tract.
RELEVANCE OF MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE FOR HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Furtado Felipe Magalhães
Published: July 2021

Minimal residual or measurable disease (MRD) can predict relapse in AML patients. Depending on patients` risk stratification, MRD status may indicate that the patient will benefit from autoSCT and alloSCT in first clinical remission. In case of persistent MRD positivity, there is no consensus on whether there are benefits to perform additional consolidation treatments to eradicate MRD before alloSCT. Anyway, the persistence of pre-transplant MRD does not contraindicate alloSCT, but indicates an urgent need for transplantation, in addition to being considered a strong independent predictor of posttransplant outcomes in AML. Currently two approaches can be used to detect MRD in clinical practice, multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) and real time PCR (RT-qPCR), although more sensitive new technologies are emerging, such as digital droplet PCR and next generation sequencing (NGS). Despite the differences of each distinct methodology available, MRD monitoring is currently part of the standard of care for AML patients.
The importance of CD34 positive cell quantification for Hematopoietic stem cell mobilization
Authors: Santos Patricia Elkiki dos , Ribeiro Luiz Cláudio , Colugnati Fernando Antônio Basile , Morais Paula Alexandra da Graça , Andrade Rodrigo De Oliveira , Hallack Neto Abrahão Elias
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Objective: The success of autologus hematopoietic stem cell transplantation relies on CD34+ cells' availability in peripheral blood (PB),  which is affected by several factors as age, sex, type of the disease, treatments, and others. In that regard, this prospective study aimed to evaluate the influence of these factors, correlating them with the pre-apheresis CD34+ cell count.

Method: Before autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, CD34+ cells were quantified in the pre-apheresis PB and the final product. Then, after the determination of minimum CD34+ value, clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between patients with higher and lower CD34+ cells count. Results: Out of the 34 patients, 29 presented more than 20,000 leukocytes/μl. Patients who failed in the mobilization presented <20,000 leukocytes/μl. There was a significant difference between the groups with different pre-apheresis CD34+ cells status regarding age (p=0.025), leukocyte count (p<0.001) and mononuclear cells (p=0.001) in PB. In addition, the pre-apheresis CD34+ ≥14 cells/μl group was related to a better yield of these cells in the final product and with the requirement of a single collection to obtain the minimum yield, of 2x106 CD34+/kg. Conclusion: This study demonstrates age and leukocyte count relate to CD34+ count in PB, and that CD34+ cells yield in the collection, can be predicted by  CD34+ cells frequency in PB.
The Development of Future Physicians Self-Improvement by Means of Information Technology
Authors: Haborets Olha A. , Krasnoschok Victoria V. , Pyshnohub Myroslava V.
Published: July 2021

The conception of modernization of higher medical education in Ukraine is focused on the model of training physicians who have a broad outlook, able to integrate their potential into the activities of all medical workers, meet the current level of medical science and society, capable of self-improvement and self-development using innovative information technologies. The modern health care system is in need of specialists capable of continuous professional growth and self-improvement. The aim of the article is the formation of future physicians self-by means of information technology (IT). In the article review importance of IT in the professional activities of doctors, the prospects for the development of computer technology; formation and development of the knowledge base, skills and abilities necessary for the effective use of modern programs; development of the ability to independently master software and update and integrate the acquired knowledge. In a modern information society that is constantly evolving, it is important to develop the skills of IT skills among future doctors to make important decisions.
Service Sector - Role Played in Economic Development
Authors: Geeta Dr.M. , Sivanand Dr.C. Naga
Published: July 2021

The services sector has grown phenomenally over the past decades and accounts for more than 60 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) in the developed economies. The most marked change in the structure of developed economies in the twentieth century, particularly in the later half, has been the transformation from an emphasis on the manufacture of physical goods to the production of intangible services. The work force distribution is also more for service sector. The present study is to identify the role played by service sector in the economic development of any country. India is no exception to this paradigm change. While a little over a decade ago the three main sectors of economic activity-agriculture, industry and services- had roughly equal shares in the GDP, the service sector has now left the other two far behind. According to the national income estimates for 2020, the GDP is 54.77% and 32.33 % share in total work force distribution. The study relates to the service sectors share in GDP and through which increase in Employment rate in service sector. The study also enlightens upon the importance of services in Banking sector, a major contributor in Services sector. Banking is considered as mirror of economy. The study is based on mainly on secondary data from the websites, international journals, and blogs. The study is descriptive and various descriptive statistical methods are followed for better analysis of the data.
Real Time Face Mask Detection and Thermal Screening with Audio Response for COVID-19
Authors: Rao M. Sivasankara , Tejasree K. , Sathwik P. , Kumar P. Sandeep , Sailohith M.
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic is continuously spreading until now everywhere on the earth, and causing a severe health crisis. So the helpful and safe-keeping method is wearing a face mask in all areas where people are gathered, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Along with the face mask, body temperature and sanitization also plays a vital role in being safer. Thus, monitoring the individuals that are wearing the mask or not is more significant. In this paper, we propose a system that uses TensorFlow, Keras, MobileNetV2, and OpenCV to detect the face mask. A dataset contains images of persons with and without masks obtained from multiple sources and trained on a deep learning model. Then the automatic temperature checking and Sanitation are done. Finally, the proposed system gives an audio/voice output whether the face mask is present or not, the person's body temperature. Our approach would be beneficial in reducing the spread of this infectious disease and will encourage people to use face masks, getting regularly sanitized and monitoring the temperature can keep the workplace safe.
Shop Weatherly – A Weather based Smart E-Commerce System Using CNN
Authors: Sallar Jawaria , Khan Sallar , Ahmed Shariq , Kumar Parshan , Faridy Hasham , Rathi Mahaveer
Published: July 2021

In this current era of modern online shopping, people want to spend as little time as possible when it comes to buying products, therefore they prefer online shopping. People go shopping when the weather gets changed. For travelers, there is no such E-commerce platform that can recommend clothes according to any city weather. Even when people want to gift clothes to someone living in another country there is no such platform that gives recommendation of clothes according to that city's weather. They usually face problems when they want to buy weather-based products from various E-commerce platforms where they see mixed clothes of all types of weather which is very time-consuming, they become so confused most of the time that they think about whether they should buy or not. In this paper, we proposed a novel idea by using Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm of deep learning for developing an e-commerce platform that is unique in a way that it recommends clothes according to the city weather which provides hassle-free environment eventually saves customer's time thereby increasing customer satisfaction.