bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Study on the Causes of Mortality Among Children Aged 5-14 Years in the Northeast of Iran in 2013- 2019: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Shakeri Mohammadtaghi , Salari Maryam , Derakhshan Mohammadhassan , Moallem Seyed Reza , Amini Maryam
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: To identify the pattern and causes of death and to deal with them are among the most appropriate strategies to increase human life expectancy. The pattern of death in society must be identified to cope with the causes of premature deaths. The aim of this study was to epidemiologically investigate the causes of death in people aged 5-14 years in northeastern Iran. Methods: Data on the deaths of people aged 5-14 years from Khorasan Razavi province during 2013- 2019, drawn from the Causes of Mortality Classification System of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, were used to conduct the study. Results: Data on 2084 deaths were examined, of which 824 (40.04%) occurred in girls. The number of deaths was 976 (53.83%) and 1108 (46.17%) in the age group of 5-9 and 10-14, respectively. Traffic accidents, cancers, external causes (unexpected events), and circulatory system diseases were found as the main causes of death. Among the cancers, lymphoid leukemia, malignant brain tumors, and myeloid leukemia (18%, 12%, and 7%, respectively) were the most common cancers, leading to death. In rural areas, unexpected events (20%) were the leading cause of death, followed by traffic accidents and cancers (19% and 13%, respectively). Conclusion: Overall, the mortality rate in children aged 5-14 years due to traffic accidents and unexpected events (suffocation, burns, and the like) seems to be substantially higher in Iran compared to some developing countries and some neighboring countries such as Turkey. Given the possibility of taking preventive measures in this regard, it is necessary to develop policies to reduce the mortality rate in the age group.
Risk Factors of Prostate Cancer Among Patients Diagnosed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Boniface Inichinbia , Bello Segun , Ajayi IkeOluwapo O.
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and its incidence is higher among black folks for reasons yet unclear. Although few risk factors have been linked to the development of PCa among Nigerian men, it remains unclear whether these risk factors modulate the odds of PCa. Methods: The case-control study comprised forty-three cases and one hundred and twenty-nine age-matched controls (±5 years) without PCa by prostatic specific antigen (PSA) examination. Conditional logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors associated with PCa at P<0.05 using SPSS 20. Results: Increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.7-4.5) was the strongest risk factor for PCa, followed by increasing age at first sex (AOR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.1-1.4) and sexual activity (AOR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.9) as a protective risk factor against PCa in this Nigerian Population. Conclusion: The study confirms age as a recognized risk factor and backed evidence for other hypothesized risk factors. The study recommends findings with other confirmatory studies that can help to guide policies for better health care decisions among Nigerian men and interventions centered on routine screening for PSA with an emphasis on the elderly clinic is encouraged.
Relationship of COVID-19 Anxiety With Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Among Administrative Staff and Nurses in a Referral Hospital for Corona
Authors: Fallah Madvari Rohollah , Jafari Nodoushan Mahdi , Sefidkar Reyhane , Loukzadeh Ziba , Teimouri Fahimeh , Basirinezhad Mohammad Hassan , Nemati Moein , Bagheshahi Mohadeseh
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: The prevalence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was associated with many psychological consequences among personnel of hospitals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 anxiety and depression, stress, and anxiety among administrative staff and nurses. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in January 2022. All 100 nurses and administrative staff of a hospital participated in this study. Demographic information questionnaires, Corona Disease Anxiety Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) were employed to collect data. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24. Results: The mean±standard deviation age of participants was 33.53±6.73 years. The median (interquartile range) disease anxiety in nurses and administrative staff was equal to 7 (4.25) and 10 (8), respectively. Further, COVID-19 anxiety was significantly higher in administrative staff (P=0.001); moreover, a significant relationship was found between the history of COVID-19 disease and disease anxiety (P=0.04). Nurses reported higher stress than administrative staff (P=0.02), and no significant relationship was found between COVID-19 anxiety and components of DASS (P>0.05). Conclusion: In this study, COVID-19 anxiety was significantly higher in administrative staff. Therefore, during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to pay attention to all jobs. Nurses reported higher stress and depression. Therefore, it is suggested that the necessary psychological measures be taken to improve their psychological states. Increasing the number of nurses, improving working conditions, reducing workload, and training can be effective in improving the mental health of nurses.
Awareness, Practice, and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination among Medical Students from Mansoura University, Egypt: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Katamesh Basant E. , Katamesh Moustafa E. , Abdalrhman W. A. , ElDeeb Rawan Mohamed , Hareera Nourhan Mohamed , Raslan Ahmed Elsayed , Alabd Ahmed Ashraf , Abou Neel Ensanya A.
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging transmissible infection that can be prevented by proper hygiene measures and vaccination. With the rise and rapid spread of the Omicron variant, vaccines are currently the best protective measure. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess knowledge, practice, and attitude towards COVID-19 virus and vaccines, particularly Sinopharm, among medical students in Mansoura University, Egypt, from July to September 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a 35-item questionnaire covering demographic data. COVID-19 knowledge/practice and knowledge/attitude towards vaccines were distributed on medical students’ university Facebook group. A score was calculated for knowledge (KS), practice (PS), and attitude (AS). A 60% cutoff was considered satisfactory, and the statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA, linear regression, and Pearson’s coefficient. Results: A total of 837 students participated in this study. The majority (73.12%) of participants showed satisfactory COVID-19 KS and Sinopharm AS (54.77%) but unsatisfactory PS (68.99%) and Sinopharm KS (62.75%). Knowledge had a significant effect on Sinopharm vaccine acceptance. Moreover, females indicated higher COVID-19 KS and PS, whilst males showed higher Sinopharm KS and AS. Gender and year group had a strong correlation with PS. Furthermore, the majority (92.4%) accepted vaccination and believed it should be mandatory (80.41%). The selected vaccines were Pfizer (44.84%)>AstraZeneca (33.86%)>Sinopharm (15.56%)>others. Efficacy, safety, and country of production were the main predictors of vaccine choice. More than half (59.48%) stated that the country in which the vaccine is produced is important when choosing their intended vaccine, and 20.87% stated that their decision is based on vaccine efficacy. Conclusions: COVID-19 was a challenging pandemic; there are several available COVID-19 vaccines, but the most available in Egypt is the Sinopharm vaccine. The results of this study will provide a basis regarding the knowledge and attitude of medical students who play a crucial part in the cycle of infection. These results will help outline the main causes of misunderstandings that can be solved by providing educational needed interventions, implementing protective measures, and distributing scientifically correct data.
Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with primary cardiac angiosarcoma: A systematic review
Authors: Chambergo-Michilot Diego , De la Cruz-Ku Gabriel , Sterner Rosalie M. , Brañez-Condorena Ana , Guerra-Canchari Pedro , Stulak John
Published: April 2023

Primary cardiac angiosarcomas (PCA) are highly aggressive malignant heart tumors. Previous reports have shown a poor prognosis regardless of management, and no consensus or guidelines exist. It is necessary to clarify this information since patients with PCA have a short survival. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review clinical manifestations, management, and outcomes. We systematically searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE. We intended to include cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, and case series that reported clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with PCA. As a methodological approach, we used the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Series and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohorts. We included six studies (five case series, one cohort). The mean/median age ranged from 39 to 48.9 years. Male sex was predominant. The most frequent manifestations were dyspnea (range: 50%-80%), pericardial effusion (29% & 56%), and chest pain (10%-39%). The mean tumor size ranged from 5.8 to 7.2 cm, with the majority of these localized in the right atrium (70-100%). The most common locations of metastasis were the lung (20%-55.6%), liver (10%-22.2%), and bone (10%-20%). Resection (22.9%-94%), and chemotherapy as neoadjuvant or adjuvant (30%-100%) were the most commonly used methods of treatment. Mortality ranged from 64.7% to 100%. PCA often presents late in its course and usually results in poor prognosis. We strongly recommend performing multi-institutional prospective cohorts to better study disease course and treatments to develop consensus, algorithms, and guidelines for this type of sarcoma.
A case of multiple myeloma with unusual presentation
Authors: Momeni Ali , Masoomi Rooholah
Published: April 2023

Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare and unusual complication of multiple myeloma (MM). Some sites for the extramedullary involvement of MM are the liver, spleen, lymph node, lung, and skin. Renal failure is another complication of MM due to myeloma kidney, uric acid nephropathy, hemoconcentration, or light chain disease. This study reported a case of MM with unusual presentation. She was a 61-year-old woman who was admitted to the internal ward due to severe renal failure, anemia, mild proteinuria, hypertension, thrombocytopenia, and soft tissue mass in both lungs in the spiral computed tomography (CT) scan. In the skull X-ray, there was not any lytic lesion. Further, plasma cells greater than 30% were observed in serum protein electrophoresis pick of gamma region and in the bone marrow aspiration, so the final diagnosis of the patients was MM with extramedullary plasmacytoma.
Quality of life in cancer patients during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic: A systematic review study
Authors: Bagheri Sheykhangafshe Farzin , Kiani Arina , Alesadi Sani Alireza , Mohammadi Sangachin Doost Alireza , Savabi Niri Vahid
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused various psychosocial problems in many people worldwide. Patients with cancer are at higher risk of dying from COVID-19 because of their physical conditions. For this purpose, this research focused on reviewing studies on the quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients during the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods: In this study, several keywords, including cancer, quality of life, and COVID-19, in the abstract and title of articles published in 2020 (May) and 2022 (June) in reputable international scientific databases were searched in Google Scholar, ISI, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases. The PRISMA checklist was used to review the quality of the articles. Results: Based on the reviewed studies, it was found that cancer patients had high levels of depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress, and death anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Home quarantine, fear of COVID-19, and limited access to a doctor and medication also reduced the QoL of cancer patients. Female gender, low income, old age, inappropriate lifestyle, lack of social support, low level of education, physical activity, marital status, and duration of illness were among the factors aggravating mental disorders in cancer. Conclusion: The findings indicated a decrease in the QoL in cancer patients. Given that it is unclear how long COVID-19 mutates as a pandemic, tele-mental health care is one of the solutions that can improve the QoL of cancer patients by providing timely services.
Association between noise exposure and noise annoyance with communication skills and cognitive triad among mine workers, Iran
Authors: Fallah Madvari Rohollah , Sefidkar Reyhane , Dameshghi Hanie , Bidel Hamideh , Laal Fereydoon , Jafari Nodoushan Mahdi
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: Noise has many psychological effects. Although different studies have so far focused on various psychological effects, they have not evaluated communication skills and cognitive triad. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of noise exposure and noise annoyance on communication skills and cognitive triad. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 65 workers in 2021. The equivalent sound level (LeqA) was determined using dosimetry. Based on LeqA, noise exposure was divided into permissible and impermissible types. Noise annoyance was measured by the numerical rating scale recommended by ISO/TS 15666:2003. The Communication Skills Questionnaire and Cognitive Triad Inventory were used for data collection. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS 24 using an independent samples t test and Spearman correlation test. Results: The mean (±standard deviation) age of workers was equal to 33.87 (±5.95) years. The results of the correlation test showed a positive and significant relationship between LeqA and noise annoyance (P<0.001, r=0.82). Based on the results of the independent samples t test, there was no significant difference in the scores of communication skills (P=0.11) and cognitive triad (P=0.93) in the two groups. Conclusion: In this study, a positive and significant relationship was found between noise exposure and noise annoyance. In addition, communication and cognitive skills were not significantly different in the two study groups. To accurately determine the relationships of variables, it is recommended to conduct similar studies with larger sample sizes while considering variables such as personality traits and social intelligence.
The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and caloric restriction on Nrf2 protein expression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats
Authors: Yadegari Farzaneh , Rahmani Nia Farhad
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: One of the most common causes of liver disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and its prevalence along with serious clinical problem is a growing. No studies have been conducted on the effect of calorie restriction (CR) and aerobic exercise (AE) on nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in rats with NAFLD. The present study aimed to assess the effects of 12 weeks of CR and AE on Nrf2 protein expression in rats with NAFLD. Methods: A total of 40 rats participated in this study, and 32 of them developed NAFLD by feeding fatty food (34% fat, 19% protein, and 47% carbohydrates) for eight weeks. Rats were classified into five groups: sham, control, CR, AE, and calorie restriction-aerobic exercise (CA). First, 60% of the daily diet was given to the CR and CA groups. AE was done for 12 weeks, five sessions per week on a treadmill for rats. Oil red, hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) staining, and protein expression levels in the groups were evaluated. To analyze the data, one-way ANOVA was used at a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the liver fat of the control group and other groups (RC: P=0.001, AE: P=0.001, RA: P=0.001). In healing liver damage, the control group was significantly different from the CA group (P=0.002). Regarding the Nrf2 protein expression, the CA group had significantly higher expression than the CR group (P=0.028), however there was no significant difference between the CA and AE groups (P=0.44). Conclusion: The findings revealed that AE through CR can cause recovery for NAFLD.
Detection of IVS4+1G>A mutation in phenylalanine hydroxylase gene in North of Iran using PCR-sequencing
Authors: Amini Chelak Maryam , Khazaei Koohpar Zeinab
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism. Mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene are the main reason for the incidence of PKU. To date, more than 1180 variants have been detected in the PAH gene. Given that the distribution pattern of mutations in the PAH gene is specific to each population, the present study was conducted to detect exon 4 mutations and adjacent flanking regions of the PAH gene in northern Iran. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, in which 24 unrelated PKU patients in Taleghani Hospital in Gorgan were enrolled for a one-year period. After extraction of genomic DNA from leukocytes, identification of exon 4 mutations and adjacent flanking regions was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing techniques. Results: In this study, IVS4+1G>A mutation was detected in one allele (2.08%) among 48 alleles. Moreover, IVS4+47C>T and IVS3-22C>T polymorphisms were observed in 12 alleles (25%) and eight alleles (16.7%), respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, IVS4+1G>A mutation was only found in 2% of chromosomes. Hence, different mutations are responsible for PKU disease in the north of Iran, and further studies are recommended to identify all mutations in the PAH gene in the region.
Alteration in expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells could be considered for estimating the severity of coronary artery stenosis
Authors: Zamani Sedehi Ameneh , Ghatreh Samani Keihan , Mohseni Roohollah , Khaledifar Arsalan
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: Atherosclerosis is one of the main reasons why people die from cardiovascular disease. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis may have been aided by the deregulation of cellular and molecular events in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). This study aimed to investigate the alteration of the expression of matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) in PBMCs of subjects who underwent angiography. Methods: Following a thorough clinical examination and anthropometric assessments, 90 individuals were divided into two groups: 56 coronary artery disease (CAD) participants (subjects with coronary artery stenosis≥50%) and 34 non-CAD participants (subjects with coronary artery stenosis≤30%). Then, this study evaluated fasting serum glucose (FSG), total cholesterol (Chol), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG). Next, the severity of coronary artery stenosis was recorded. Additionally, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assess the gene expression of MMP-9. MMP-9 protein level was also assessed using western blot techniques. The overexpression of MMP-9 and elevated level of FSG were positively associated with coronary artery stenosis. Results: Our results revealed that MMP-9 was upregulated both at the level of transcription and translation. Moreover, the upregulation of MMP-9 had a significant positive correlation with the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Conclusion: Significant correlation between the overexpression of MMP-9 and coronary artery stenosis confirms our hypothesis that the upregulation of MMP-9 in PBMCs has an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis before monocyte recruitment and its subsequent processes.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Recurrence and Survival Analysis of 49 Patients
Authors: Colapkulu-Akgul Nuray , Gunel Humeyra , Beyazadam Damla , Ozsoy Mehmet S , Alimoglu Orhan
Published: April 2023

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumor originating from the gastrointestinal tract and have a broad spectrum of clinicopathological features affecting disease management regarding the treatment modalities. Methods: A retrospective study of 49 patients who underwent surgery for gastrointestinal tumors between 2008 and 2016 was conducted. Clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical features of patients with and without recurrence were statistically analyzed.Results: Twenty-nine (59.1%) patients had gastric; 16 (32.6%) had small intestinal; 3 (6.1%) had mesenteric; and 1 (2.2%) had rectal GISTs. Microscopic tumor necrosis and tumor ulceration were also significant for disease recurrence (P = 0.005, P = 0.049). High-risk patients according to Miettinen’s risk classification were more likely to develop a recurrence (P < 0.001). Additionally, high-grade tumors were also a risk factor for recurrence (P < 0.001). Ki-67 levels were available in 40 patients and the mean Ki-67 level was 16.8 in patients with recurrence, which was a significant risk factor in regression analysis (HR: 1.24, 95%, CI: 1.08-1-43). Five-year disease-free survival rates of non-gastric and gastric GISTs were 62.3% and 90%, respectively (P = 0.044).Conclusion: Larger tumors and higher mitotic rates are more likely to develop recurrence. High Ki-67 levels were also associated with recurrence.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Vibration Controlled Transient Elastography as Non-invasive Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Salehi Hossain , Salehi Amir Mohammad , Ghamarchehreh Mohammad Ebrahim , Khanlarzadeh Elham , Sohrabi Masoud Reza
Published: April 2023

Background: Liver biopsy remain as the gold standard for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis; however, it has some limitations, such as life-threatening complications, low acceptance by the patients, and variations in the related sample. Therefore, there is a need for the development of non-invasive investigations for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis. Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) is one of these non-invasive methods.Methods: This study included 73 patients suffering from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) who were older than 18 years. The patients underwent VCTE at the Baqiatallah and Firoozgar hospitals. Then, they underwent a liver biopsy by an experienced radiologist in the same hospital. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of different fibrosis stages was used to evaluate the VCTE verification. Results: VCTE could detect any fibrosis levels (stage 1 and higher) with an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.381. Moreover, it detected stage 2-4 fibrosis with an AUROC of 0.400, stage 3-4 fibrosis with an AUROC of 0.687, and stage 4 fibrosis with an AUROC of 0.984. Conclusion: The VCTE has high clinical validity in diagnosing the advanced stages of fibrosis (stages 3, 4) and can be a suitable alternative to the invasive method of liver biopsy with high reliability.
Relapse Rate of Clinical Symptoms After Stopping Treatment in Children with Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
Authors: Haghighat Mahmoud , Gholami Shahrebabak Maryam , Dehghani Seyed Mohsen , Ataollahi Maryam , Amin Farzaneh Nazanin , Hamzeloo Hoseinabadi Samaneh , Javaherizadeh Hazhir
Published: April 2023

Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of vomiting typically separated by periods of symptom-free or baseline health. The present study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of propranolol and the relapse rate of clinical symptoms after stopping treatment in children suffering from CVS. Methods: Records of 504 patients below the age of 18 years with CVS who were treated with propranolol from March 2008 to March 2018 were reviewed. The duration of follow-up was 10 years.Results: The average age of CVS affliction was 4.3 years and the average age at the diagnosis was 5.8 years. All subjects were treated with propranolol (for an average of 10 months). 92% of treated subjects were cured, causing a dramatic decrease in the rate of vomiting (P < 0.001). Only an average of 10.5% of the studied subjects (53 people) showed a relapse of symptoms after stopping the treatment. The results of a 10-year follow-up period of the patients showed that 24 had abdominal migraine and 6 had migraine headaches, all of whom lacked the symptoms of disease relapse (prognostic evaluation). Conclusion: The findings of this investigation show that the duration of treating CVS with propranolol could be shortened to 10 months with a low percent of symptoms relapse and this shortening may be effective in preventing the undesirable side effects of the drug. The presence of abdominal migraine and migraine headaches in patients after treatment accomplishment and the lack of disease relapse can be prognostic measures for this disease, which require intensive attention.
Value of Serological Biomarker Panel in Diagnosis of Atrophic Gastritis and Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Sivandzadeh Gholam Reza , Zadeh Fard Saeid Amiri , Zahmatkesh Abbas , Anbardar Mohammad Hossein , Lankarani Kamran B
Published: April 2023

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Helicobacter pylori infection is clearly correlated with gastric carcinogenesis. Therefore, the use of a new non-invasive test, known as the GastroPanel test, can be very helpful to identify patients at a high risk, including those with atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia. This study aimed to compare the results of GastroPanel test with the pathological findings of patients with gastric atrophy to find a safe and simple alternative for endoscopy and biopsy as invasive methods.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with indigestion, who were referred to Motahari Clinic and Shahid Faghihi Hospital of Shiraz, Iran, since April 2017 until August 2017 for endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The serum levels of gastrin-17 (G17), pepsinogen I (PGI), and pepsinogen II (PGII), as well as H. pylori antibody IgG, were determined by ELISA assays. Two biopsy specimens from the antrum and gastric body were taken for standard histological analyses and rapid urease test. A pathologist examined the biopsy specimens of patients blindly. Results: A total of 153 patients with indigestion (62.7% female; mean age, 63.7 years; 37.3% male; mean age, 64.9 years) were included in this study. The G17 levels significantly increased in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) of the body (9.7 vs. 32.8 pmol/L; P = 0.04) and reduced in patients with antral CAG (1.8 vs. 29.1 pmol/L; P = 0.01). The results were acceptable for all three types of CAG, including the antral, body, and multifocal CAG (AUCs of 97%, 91%, and 88% for body, antral, and multifocal CAG, respectively). The difference in PGII level was not significant. Also, the PGI and PGI/PGII ratio did not show a significant difference (unacceptably low AUCs for all). The H. pylori antibody levels were higher in patients infected with H. pylori (251 EIU vs. 109 EIU, AUC = 70, P = 0.01). There was a significant relationship between antibody tests and histopathology.Conclusion: Contrary to Biohit’s claims, the GastroPanel kit is not accurate enough to detect CAG; therefore, it cannot be used for establishing a clinical diagnosis.
Severe Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Weil’s Disease
Authors: Guechi Meriem , Guenifi Wahiba , Gasmi Abdelkader , Ouyahia Amel , Rais Mounira , Boukhrissa Houda , Mechakra Salah , Hemamid Habiba , Hakimi Abdelmalek , Lacheheb Abdelmadjid
Published: April 2023

Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonosis of worldwide importance. Its distribution is closely linked to hydrometric conditions. It is characterized by a wide clinical range, from the subclinical form, or one with few symptoms; which resolves spontaneously, to the multi-visceral form, known as icterrohemorrhagic disease or Weil’s disease, with a lethal risk. All organs can be affected but with variable frequency. Pancreatic involvement is not well documented. We describe a 45-year-old man with Weil’s disease associated with acute necrotizing pancreatitis. The evolution was favorable but required a three-week stay in the intensive care unit.
A Rare Case of Cytomegalovirus Colitis with Subsequent Non-tubercular Mycobacteria Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Hashmi Syed Asif , Arora Sumit , Danish Khan Inam , Varghese Jeenu , Pandey Rahul
Published: April 2023

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis occurs commonly in immunocompromised patients with high mortality. CMV infection has also been reported in immunocompetent individuals and it has a varied clinical presentation. When HIV-infected patients are started on antiretroviral therapy (ART) there is a reconstitution of the immune system which results in the paradoxical worsening of existing conditions or development of new disease conditions known as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). In the setting of IRIS one of the most common infections to occur is non-tubercular mycobacteria (NTM). The infection generally develops when the CD4 count is < 50 cells/µL. Here we present a rare case of CMV colitis followed by NTM infection in the setting of IRIS, its management, and treatment outcomes.
New Presentation of Inlet Patch with Polypoid Kissing Pattern: Case Report
Authors: Nikbakhsh Kamyar , Mojaddad Ahmadreza , Shokri Shirvani avad , Ranaee Mohammad
Published: April 2023

In the worldwide medical literature, only one case of inlet patch shows a kissing pattern on endoscopy. This article describes a 69-year-old female patient who came to the gastroenterology clinic, Rohani hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences (Iran) for an examination for indigestion. Endoscopy showed two polyps in the background of a maroon patch just below the upper esophageal sphincter, oppositely positioned in view of the kissing pattern, and extending into muscular mucosa and regional lymph nodes. There was no A polyp biopsy was performed and, on histological evaluation, there was heterotopic cardiac gastric mucosa. Since heterotopic gastric mucosa can be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, careful examination of the proximal esophagus increases the likelihood of detecting an inlet patch.
Effect of Smoking and Type of Nutrition on the Activity of Liver Alanine Aminotransferase and Aspartate Aminotransferase
Authors: Didehdar Reza , Ali Malayeri Fardin , Ghaljaeipour Ali , Saeedian Shahriar , KhaliliAghdam Nabi
Published: April 2023

Introduction: A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition that includes fluids, macronutrients, and micronutrients and calories. The liver is one of the most important organs in the body that has the function of detoxification and cleansing, and smoking causes an additional burden for the detoxification function of the liver, which can lead to inflammation and fatty liver. This study was designed to investigate the effects of smoking on liver function. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive analytical study in which the relationship between smoking and the type of nutrition of liver enzymes in healthy people and people who smoke was investigated in Zabol. In this study, 150 people were selected who were divided into two groups of healthy people without smoking (75 people) and people with smoking with liver problems (75 people). Results: There was no statistical relationship between age and levels of AST and ALT liver enzymes (P> 0.05), but there was a relationship between weight and levels of liver enzymes AST and ALT. Hepatitis also increased (P <0.05). There was a statistical relationship between alcohol consumption with AST and ALT liver enzymes, ie the more alcohol consumption, the higher the amount of liver enzymes (P <0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption, rice consumption, meat consumption and water consumption (P> 0.05). Discussion and Conclusion: This relationship is positive and direct, in other words, the higher the consumption of tobacco, the higher the activity of liver enzymes ALT and AST.
Prevalence of Waterpipe Smoking in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Fakhri Yadolah , Mouseli Ali , Kamari Zoherh , Dehghani Somayyeh , Hasanzadeh Vajihe , Kazemi Batool , Alinezhadmonfared Hoda , Hoseinvandtabar Somayeh
Published: April 2023

Background: Considering the prevalence of waterpipe smoking (WPS) among the majority of people, it is necessary to identify the cause of this behavior. Therefore, this meta-analysis study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of waterpipe consumption in Iran based on province, education level, and gender subgroups. Materials and Methods: The search was conducted based on the PRISMA guideline. Scopus PubMed, SID, and Irandoc databases were used to retrieve papers related to the prevalence of WPS in Iran from January 1, 2005 to May 10, 2022. The keywords were "air pollution" OR "particulate matter" OR "water-pipe" OR smoking OR "Indoor air" and "Prevalence" OR "Incidence" AND "Iran". The prevalence of WPS was meta-analyzed based on province, gender, and education level subgroups in the random effects model. Results: According to the final included papers (17 articles and 48 data reports), the rank order of provinces based on the prevalence of WPS was Kerman (58.30%)>Tehran (52.38%)>Sistan and Baluchistan (42.29%)>Hormozgan (30.69%)>Yazd (24.13%)>Bushehr (19.47%)>Ardabil (19.00%)>Fars (16.37%)>Khuzestan (11.38%). The rank order of education level of participants based on the prevalence of WPS was college education (55.64%)>Student (43.47%)>University Student (17.69%). Finally, the rank order of gender of participants based on the prevalence of WPS was male (31.75%) ~ female (30.99%). Conclusion: The results demonstrated a high prevalence of WPS. It is a multi-predictor and multilevel phenomenon in several aspects. The impact of geographical location and education levels was clearly visible. There was no difference in the gender-specific gap for WPS. Regarding the substantial effects of WPS prevalence on health, regular surveillance, prevention, intervention, and control are necessary.
Incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection Among Female Smokers: A Narrative Review
Authors: Gharibi Zahra , Ahmadi Khadijeh , Davoodian Parivash , Hassani Azad Mehdi , Turki Habibollah , Sharifi-Sarasiabi Khojasteh , Khezri Atefeh
Published: April 2023

Background: The harmful effects of smoking on women’s bodies have been proven. One of these effects is an increase in sexually transmitted diseases, including Trichomonas vaginalis infection. Smoking is one of the main risk factors for infections in the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems in humans. Mechanisms of susceptibility to infection in smokers may involve changes in the host’s structural, functional, and immunological defenses. T. vaginalis infection is one of the non-viral sexually transmitted diseases and the most common curable sexually transmitted infection in the world, which can increase the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease and HIV transmission. This infection is still relatively common, especially in women who smoke and in groups with lower socioeconomic status. We aimed to present a compressive review of the probability of being infected with T. vaginalis in smokers compared to non-smokers. Materials and Methods: PubMed and Google databases were searched for research articles related to smoking and its association with T. vaginalis infection. Results: The smoking status of the person is an independent risk factor for T. vaginalis infection and leads to an increased likelihood of developing this infection. Conclusion: Finally, the results of various studies showed that the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection is higher in smokers than in non-smokers.
Relationship Between Knowledge Creation and Open Innovation Applied Through Public Open Innovation Platforms
Authors: Alqahtani Areej , Hawryszkiewycz Igor , Erfani Eila
Published: April 2023

Public online open innovation (OI) platforms, widely used across countries, allow communities to participate in OI processes by sharing innovative ideas about specific problems. Knowledge creation and OI are related. To implement an innovative solution, new knowledge must be created. Previous studies have discussed knowledge creation and OI in the context of organisational teams in business, but knowledge creation by communities in the context of public OI platforms has received little attention. The socialisation, externalisation, combination and internalisation (SECI) model is a well-known model that embodies the knowledge-creation process. The OI process involves determining community needs, identifying themes, identifying a community problem, posting that problem on a platform, sharing innovative ideas for solutions, selecting the best solutions and implementing and diffusing the solution to the community. This study applied a multi-case approach to investigate how knowledge was created by communities through an OI process based on the SECI model. Data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with leaders of two different OI platforms in two countries. Deductive analysis was utilised to clarify the OI process used by each platform and the relationship between the processes and the SECI model. The findings revealed that the OI process applied by public OI platforms follows the SECI structure. This means that innovative solutions created by communities represent tacit knowledge, which is turned into explicit knowledge and then becomes tacit knowledge again. The developed conceptual framework can facilitate the application of OI through the knowledge creation model and enhance understanding of community knowledge creation
Kinerja Entitas, Kebijakan Hutang dan Kepemilikan Saham terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Magdalena Shinta Maria , Tjahjono Rudi Setiadi
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of the independent variables consist of  Company’s performances factors relating to profitability, liquidity, dividend, firm size and debt policy factor and share ownership factos relating to managerial and institutional ownership on the dependent variable of firm value. In this study, the population used were non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2018 to 2020. The sample used in this study which is totalled of 62 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sampling in this study using purposive sampling method with a total sample of 186 data. The data analysis used is using multiple regression and the data is processed using the SPSS application. The results of this study indicate that institutional ownership, profitability, and debt policy have influence on firm value. Meanwhile, liquidity, dividend, firm size and managerial ownership have no influence on firm value.
Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Modal Dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Mediasi (Studi Kasus Pada Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017 - 2020)
Authors: Purwani Tri , Santoso Rahmat Budi
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the direct effect of capital structure and firm size on firm value and the indirect effect through the profitability. The population in this study were companies listed on the IDX in 2017 – 2020. The sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 97 companies. The analytical technique used in this research is multiple regression analysis and Sobel test. The results showed that the capital structure and firm size had a significant positive effect on profitability. The results also show that capital structure, firm size and profitability have a significant positive effect on firm value. The results of the Sobel test show that profitability can mediate the effect of capital structure and firm size on firm value. However, the coefficient of determination has a low value in both equations.
Pengaruh Price Discount, Visual Merchandising dan Positive Emotion terhadap Impulse Buying di Ramayana Department Store Yogyakarta
Authors: Afriany Arista Natia , Kurniawan Adi , Basri Anindita Imam
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh price discount, visual merchandising, dan positive emotion terhadap impulse buying di Ramayana Department Store Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Ramayana Department Store Yogyakarta. Sampel yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 80 responden dan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda, uji T (parsial), uji F (Bersama-sama), koefisien determinasi (R2).

Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa price discount berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dengan koefisien 0,138 dan signifikasi 0,015, variabel visual merchandising berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dengan koefisien 0,199 dan signifikasi 0,025, serta variabel positive emotion berpengaruh positif dan signifikansi dengan koefisien 0,455 dan signifikasi 0,001. Hasil penelitian dari 3 variabel, mereka secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap impulse buying dengan sig 0,000 < 0,05. Koefisien determinasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 34,2%.
Pengaruh Etnosentrisme Konsumen pada Preferensi Konsumen Studi: Perbandingan Preferensi Konsumen WNI Keturunan India pada Produk Bercorak India Dibanding Produk Bercorak Non-India
Authors: Febriani Reza , Parmono V. Rachmadi
Published: April 2023

This study discusses the extent of consumer preferences of Indonesian citizens of Indian descent in Indian-patterned products compared to non-Indian-patterned products. This study aims to determine the preference of Indonesian consumers of Indian descent in Indian-patterned products compared to non-Indian patterns. This research uses quantitative methods. The method used to obtain primary data by disseminating it directly to Indonesian citizens of Indian descent.  The collected d ata were analyzed by analysis of mean, crosstab , and regression analysis. Based on the data analysis that has been carried out, the results of the study obtained several findings as follows. Based on regression analysis, ethnocentrism  affects consumer preferences.   Based on  Analysis Chi Square, ethnocentrism has no relation to respondents' age, gender, income, education, or occupation
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Empiris: Industri Consumer Goods)
Authors: Berry Yunike , Fadhilah Nurhalizha
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that affect firm value. The variables used in this study are dividend policy, investment decisions, managerial ownership, profitability, leverage, firm size and firm value. The research method uses quantitative research methods. Sources of data in this study using secondary data obtained from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a sampling technique using the Purposive Sampling method. The population used in this study were all companies in the Consumer Goods Industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the research period from 2016-2019 as many as 59 companies with a total sample of 16 companies. The data analysis method uses panel data regression model. The results show that dividend policy, investment decisions, managerial ownership have no significant effect on firm value, while profitability, leverage and firm size have an effect on firm value.
Analisis Tarif Angkutan Penumpang Transportasi Penyeberangan Rute Tarakan – Tanjung Selor
Authors: Ayu Lestari Endah , Bakri Muhammad Djaya
Published: April 2023

Tarakan City, which is connected to Tanjung Selor by a speedboat, is one of the cities with access to maritime transportation. One form of improving speedboat services is by reviewing fares according to the ability and willingness to pay of the people. This study’s objective was to determine the fare by taking passengers willingness and ability to pay into account. The research’s methodology is based on analyses of vehicle operational costs (BOK), ability to pay (ATP), and willingness to pay (WTP). The research result, average values for the BOK, ATP, and WTP were IDR 182.386,96, IDR 165.128,25, and IDR 126.735,00, respectively. According to the ATP and WTP values, passengers had a higher ability to pay than they were willing to spend. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the current pricing and improve the services.
Recursos Didácticos para desarrollar la expresión corporal en niños de 5 a 6 años
Authors: Aldeán-Riofrío Michellé Ivanova , Román-Celi Gabriela Estefanía , Andrade-Carrión Ana Lucía , González-Sarango Jhuly Maritza
Published: April 2023

Se tiene por objetivo analizar los recursos didácticos para desarrollar la expresión corporal en niños de 5 a 6 años. Metodológicamente de diseño cuasiexperimental. El 73% de los niños evaluados se encuentran en proceso de desarrollo de sus habilidades corporales, comunicativas y expresivas. Se les dificultaba seguir un ritmo con movimientos coordinados; crear, interpretar y expresar con su cuerpo emociones y sensaciones. los alcances dentro del trabajo fueron significativos, puesto que la mayoría logro un desarrollo de la expresión corporal como, por ejemplo, dominar el cuerpo para ejecutar movimientos coordinados, expresar emociones y sensaciones, establecer acuerdos para cuidar de sí y del otro al momento de efectuar las actividades; sin embargo, no se efectuó con éxito la intervención por la presencia de limitaciones como: las inasistencias por motivos de salud y el tiempo limitado por la culminación del año escolar para aplicar en su totalidad las actividades planteadas.
Educación inclusiva desde la episteme ecuatoriana
Authors: Irrazabal-Bohórquez Alexandra Teresita , Esteves-Fajardo Zila Isabel , Chenet-Zuta Manuel Enrique , Melgar-Ojeda Kevin Alex
Published: April 2023

La presente investigación se planteó como objetivo general describir la educación inclusiva desde la episteme ecuatoriana. Se desarrolló desde un enfoque cuantitativo con una metodología descriptiva con diseño no experimental, la cual se apoyó en el análisis documental – bibliográfico. Se utilizó para este tipo de estudio, documentos, el investigador los recolecta, elige, examina. Se organizó un proceso investigativo en donde la población de estudio se basa primordialmente en documentos escritos como tesis, artículos científicos, normas, leyes, para indagar los escritos con el objeto de estudiarlos y construir conclusiones que ayudan en la generación de nuevos conocimientos. Se concluye que, en el país ecuatoriano mediante los órganos del Estado se han desarrollo políticas educativas y legales tendientes a la promoción de la inclusión educativa desde la integralidad e interculturalidad, respectando los diferentes grupos que conforman la nación, así como los grupos especiales. Así mismo, desde la Carta Magna el derecho educativo.