bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jaboticaba genotypes: analysis of fruits, seeds, and artisanal wine
Authors: Baptista Julcinara Oliveira , Lopes José Carlos , Schmildt Edilson Romais , Souza Tércio da Silva de , Filho Antônio Manoel Maradini , Oliveira João Paulo Bestete de , Ferreira Marcia Flores da Silva , Almeida Francine Alves Nogueira de , Simões Ingridh Medeiros , Alexandre Rodrigo Sobreira
Published: March 2023

Jaboticaba is a fruit species native to Brazil that is appreciated for its sweet fruits, which are rich in chemical compounds. Despite the remarkable potential of this species, only few studies have explored fruit trees native to Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of fruits, the physiological quality of seeds, the production of artisanal fermented beverages, and the molecular characteristics of eight jaboticaba genotypes. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design and the following features were analyzed: the physical and chemical characteristics of fruits using four replicates of 25 ripe fruits; the physiological quality of seeds using four replicates of 50 seeds, with four replicates of 25 seedlings employed for growth evaluation; the production and quality of the artisanal fermented jabuticaba, including an analysis of the alcohol content (WAC - %), pH, and total acidity of the fermented jabuticaba (WTA - meq L-1), and molecular diversity, with 50 SSRs evaluated for transferability in eight jabuticaba genotypes. Of these, 12 SSR were selected to produce clear bands that indicated specificity. Genotype 4 presented one of the largest values for fruit mass (15.25 g) and SS/TA ratio (51.92), which are ideal values for in natura consumption and are associated with higher contents of antioxidant compounds, such as anthocyanins and total phenolics. The genotypes had no statistical difference in seedling emergence, with a mean of 97.6%, despite genotype 5 presenting the highest emergence speed (2.75) and the lowest mean emergence time (18.10 days). Genotype 5 was found to be more vigorous. Further, genotypes 2 and 4 were considered ideal for in natura consumption, with fruits presenting high pulp yield, balanced SS/TA ratio, and high contents of antioxidant compounds. Genotypes 6, 3, and 8 displayed great potential for use in industrial processes. The groups of genotypes reflect the detected genotypes with different purposes and may guide divergent crosses for traits of interest in breeding programs.
Investigation of Al-toxicity tolerance in tef (Eragrostis tef) under hydroponic system using root growth measurement and haematoxylin staining methods
Authors: Abate Ermias , Hussein Shimelis , Amelework Assefa , Shaff Jon E. , Laing Mark , Tadele Zerihun , Mengistu Fentahun
Published: March 2023

Tef is the most widely grown and consumed crop in Ethiopia. The crop is currently gaining growing popularity worldwide as nutritious and gluten free cereal crop. Al-toxicity is one of the factors that limit expansion of the crop worldwide. The aims of this study were to adapt hydroponic system as a phenotyping platform for Al-tolerance studies in tef, to identify appropriate concentration of Al3+ for Al-tolerance screening in tef, and to appraise the use of haematoxylin staining for visual assessment of Al-tolerance in tef. A tolerant and a sensitive genotypes were used to identify appropriate Al concentration. The identified Al concentration was used to evaluate reaction of 28 tef genotypes to Al-toxicity. Root and shoot measurements under Al-treated and control solution were used to compute the relative tolerance indexes. Reaction of the tolerant and the sensitive genotypes to haematoxylin staining was assessed by recording intensity of colour development. The result indicate that, among the five levels of AlK(SO4)2.12H2O (0-550 µM), the 150 µM concentration was found to be an appropriate level to discriminate between sensitive and tolerant genotypes of tef. This concentration adequately differentiated 28 tef genotypes with varied sensitivity to Al-toxicity. The visual assessment of selected tolerant and sensitive genotypes treated with 0, 150 and 250 µM AlK(SO4)2 .12H2O showed a differential reaction to haematoxylin staining consistent with the root growth measurement methods. The tolerant E. curvula showed no staining reaction across all the Al levels. The local Al-tolerant tef landrace, Dabo banja, showed a slightly purplish stain only at the highest level of Al. The two sensitive genotypes (E. Pilossa and Holeta Key), however, showed deep purple staining at concentrations of 150 and 250 µM AlK(SO4)2.12H2O. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to report the use of root measurement and root staining methods in evaluation of tef for tolerance to Al-toxicity using hydroponics platform.
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic gain of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes in response to Mexican bean weevil (Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman) infestation
Authors: Tigist Shiferaw G. , Keneni Gemechu , Assefa Amelework , Sibiya Julia
Published: March 2023

The aims of the study were to determine expected genetic gains from selection and the extent and pattern of genetic diversity of common bean genotypes to Mexican bean weevil. Three hundred bean genotypes were artificially infested with the Mexican bean weevil. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on thirteen insect and seed related traits were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis. The broad-sense heritability values ranged from 68.5%–93.9% for the traits studied. The expected genetic gains from selection ranged from 5.9%-67.1% for insect related traits and from 0.2%-82.2% for seed related traits. Seed weight loss showed significant positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation with number of eggs, number of adults emerged, percent adult emergence, index of susceptibility, number of holes and first and second progeny damage. Cluster analysis classified the 300 genotypes into two major clusters and seven sub-clusters. Mahalanobis’s D2 value calculated among the sub clusters ranged from 5.6 to 191.6. There was no deﬁned relationship between geographic origins and the pattern of genetic diversity in response to Mexican been weevil infestation. Therefore, parental selection should be made based on genetic diversity and other special merits of the genotype for the resistance attributes. The introgression of the resistance gene into the adapted improved varieties and landraces, and increasing the frequency of resistance genes through selection could be used as a strategy to improve bruchid resistance in the future
As fronteiras paraguaias no contexto das relações Paraguai-Brasil (1960-2018)
Authors: Orué Pozzo Anibal
Published: March 2023

O artigo descreve três ondas de ocupação do território doleste paraguaio entre os anos 1960-2020, sua relação como a reconfiguração das fronteiras socioculturais e políticas paraguaias, e sua implicância nocampo das relações bilaterais entre ambos os países. Partindo prioritariamente de umabibliografia produzida no Paraguai, se busca estabelecer uma interpretação dos últimos 60anos na transformação da região leste do Paraguai em função a forte presença de fluxosmigratórios brasileiros — pessoas e capital.
Resumo. O artigo descreve três ondas de ocupação do território do leste paraguaio entre os anos 1960-2018, sua relação como a reconfiguração das fronteiras sociais e políticas paraguaias, e sua implicância no campo das relações bilaterais entre ambos os países. Partindo de uma bibliografia produzida no Paraguai, se busca estabelecer uma interpretação dos últimos 60 anos na transformação da região leste do Paraguai em função a forte presença de fluxos migratórios brasileiros – pessoas e capital.
Educação para a cidadania global (UNESCO):
Authors: Perez Cabral Guilherme , Tavares Leite Moreno Viviane
Published: March 2023

O artigo analisa o conteúdo da educação para a cidadania global (UNESCO), questionando perspectivas transformadoras anunciadas e “armadilhas” contidas no texto. Isso, a partir da perspectiva crítica, somando à tradição do marxismo (em especial, Wood e Mészáros), o olhar “descolonial” e periférico, destaque às contribuições de Pazello e Freire. Argumenta que, no quadro de reformismo educacional, a ECG reduz-se a discurso neoliberal, instrumento do imperialismo/colonialidade, na globalização do capitalismo. Recusando tal proposta, o artigo traz aportes à reflexão quanto a possibilidades “emancipadoras”, com o uso crítico-descolonial e “tático” da linguagem de educação, direitos humanos e democracia.
estágios como experiência de aprendizagem no ensino de Relações Internacionais
Authors: Schimanski Silvana
Published: March 2023

Este artigo contribui para a expansão dos debates sobre o papel dos estágios no contexto do ensino nos cursos de Bacharelado em Relações Internacionais. No Brasil, o estágio é caracterizado nos termos da Lei de Estágios e tem sido definido como um instrumento relevante nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Por meio da abordagem qualitativa, fontes documentais e bibliográficas com finalidade exploratória, o objetivo geral é apresentar a significativa lacuna na análise dos estágios realizados pelos estudantes do referido curso, discutindo a contribuição de tais atividades como uma experiência de aprendizagem para a formação das habilidades e competências dos estudantes.
Democracias avançadas em risco
Authors: Ferreira Nobre Fábio Rodrigo , Accioly Filho Lauro
Published: March 2023

O artigo discute os prováveis riscos às democracias no processo de formular e exprimir preferências políticas na contemporaneidade, em especial, o impacto que a mídia exerce nas relações sociais e políticas. A partir de um estudo de caso que segue o recorte temporal do processo eleitoral dos Estados Unidos de 2016, a pesquisa estrutura-se em sete seções, as duas primeiras discutem questões conceituais da consciência cívica, o terceiro o papel da mídia e os demais versam o estudo de caso.
The BRICS countries and the Russia-Ukraine conflict
Authors: Apolinário Júnior Laerte , Dias Branco Giovana
Published: March 2023

This article analyzes the actions of the BRICS concerning the conflict between Russia and Ukraine initiated in 2022. The question which guides this study is: how and why have these countries positioned themselves regarding this conflict? To answer the proposed question, we analyze the positionings of these countries in various international organizations regarding the conflict in Ukraine in light of their geopolitical and economic interests. The conclusion is that these countries have adopted a pro-Russian neutrality in various institutional spaces — even though it has not been in a homogeneous manner — for a variety of reasons which have led to Moscow not being isolated internationally.
Прикатодные плазменные и газодинамические процессы при формировании искрового разряда в воздухе атмосферного давления в промежутке острие-плоскость
Authors: Алмазова К.И. , Амирова А.А. , Белоногов А.Н. , Боровков В.В. , Курбанисмаилов В.С. , Рагимханов Г.Б. , Терешонок Д.В. , Тренькин А.А. , Халикова З.Р.
Published: March 2023

Using the method of shadow photographing, the formation of a spark discharge in the "tip (cathode) – plane" interval with a length of 1.5 mm is investigated. Two types of shock waves have been registered – cylindrical, created when the discharge channel expands, and cathode, presumably generated by cathode flares near the surface of the tip electrode. The computational and theoretical consideration of the proposed mechanism is carried out.
Создание антиотражающего покрытия для оптического диапазона на основе слоя нанопористого германия, сформированного имплантацией ионами индия
Authors: Степанов А.Л. , Нуждин В.И. , Валеев В.Ф. , Коновалов Д.А. , Рогов А.М.
Published: March 2023

The possibility of using a nanoporous Ge layer formed by implantation with 115 In+ ions on a monocrystal c-Ge substrate as an antireflection optical coating (In:PGe) was studied. For this purpose, ion implantation of c-Ge wafers was performed at an energy E = 30 keV, current density in the ion beam J = 5 μA/cm2, and dose D = 1.8 × 1016 ion/cm2. It was shown that the obtained In:PGe spongy layer, which consists of intertwining Ge nanowires, is characterized by a low reflectivity (~5%) in a wide optical spectral range of 250–1050 nm.
Влияние длительности лазерных импульсов на спектрально-временные характеристики лазерной плазмы в фемтосекундной лазерной искровой спектроскопии волос человека
Authors: Голик С.С. , Боровский А.В. , Майор А.Ю. , Акушев А.С. , Лисица В.В. , Бабий М.Ю.
Published: March 2023

The effect of the duration of laser pulses of 40 and 650 fs with an energy of 1.1 mJ at a wavelength of 800 nm on the spectral-temporal characteristics of plasma during femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of human hair has been studied. The time dependences of the radiation line intensities of Ca I 422.6 nm, C I 193.1 nm, C I 247.8 nm, Ca II 396.8 nm, Mg II 279.5 nm, Zn II 206.2 nm and the continuous plasma spectrum in the range from 0 to 1 microseconds are obtained
Ускорение химических процессов в аэрозоле
Authors: Федосеев В.Б.
Published: March 2023

The evolution of the state of aerosol droplets containing a reaction mixture with volatile components is accompanied by a change in the size and composition of the droplets, changes in the concentrations of reagents and the rates of chemical reactions. The methods of formal chemical kinetics and equilibrium thermodynamics describe size effects that lead to a significant acceleration of chemical processes in aerosols. The dependence of the rate of chemical processes on the initial size and composition of droplets, as well as on the composition of the gas phase, is described. The main regularities are modeled on the example of the condensation reaction of glycine with glucose (Maillard reaction).
Коэффициенты распыления бериллия изотопами водорода
Authors: Бабенко П.Ю. , Михайлов В.С. , Зиновьев А.Н.
Published: March 2023

С помощью компьютерного моделирования получены коэффициенты распыления мишени из бериллия изотопами водорода в диапазоне энергий бомбардирующих частиц 8 eV-100 keV и зависимости коэффициентов распыления от угла падения пучка. Полученные результаты позволяют оценить распыление первой стенки токамака ИТЭР и поступление примеси бериллия в горячую зону плазмы. Предложены формулы для оценки энергетического порога распыления и описания зависимости коэффициента распыления от угла падения пучка. Ключевые слова: коэффициенты распыления, потенциал межатомного взаимодействия, изотопы водорода, бериллий.
Features in the behavior of temperature dependences of magnetic susceptibility of crystals of Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=--Sb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- solid solutions containing from 25 to 70 percent antimony telluride
Authors: Stepanov N. P.  , Ivanov M. S.
Published: March 2023

Temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of p-type crystals of Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 solid solutions containing from 25 to 70 mol percent antimony telluride were examined in the range from 2 to 400 K. A correlation was found between the features observed in the behavior of temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility of crystals containing 60 and 70 mol percent Sb2Te3 and the ratio of the plasmon energy to the energy of the gap between the chemical potential level and the heavy hole subband. An assumption is formulated that in the case of convergence of these energies, the increasing electron--plasmon interaction affects the electron system state and, consequently, the magnitude of magnetic susceptibility. Keywords: bismuth and antimony tellurides, magnetic susceptibility, plasmon, interband transitions, electron--plasmon interaction.
Formation and properties of mesoporous MoS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- films
Authors: Loginov A. B.  , Bokova-Sirosh S. N.  , Fedotov P. V.  , Sapkov I. V.  , Chmelenin D. N.  , Ismagilov R. R.  , Obraztsova E. D.  , Loginov B. A.  , Obraztsov A. N.
Published: March 2023

Molybdenum disulfide is a crystalline material which attracts considerable attention due to explicit two-dimensional character of its electronic properties. To obtain MoS2 films thermally evaporated molybdenum and gaseous H2S were used as precursors in this work. As a result of chemical reaction of these precursors films consisting of flake-like of nanometer thickness assembled from parallel atomic layers with predominantly perpendicular (with respect to substrate surface) orientation were deposited on the surface of Si substrate. In this work we investigate the dependence of film morphology on deposition time, substrate temperature and concentration of precursors in gaseous phase. Presence of mono- and bi-layered structures in the film was revealed using Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Dependence of photoluminescence properties on size of crystallites in produced films was also studied. Keywords: 2D materials, transition metal dichalcogenides, flakes, monolayers, mesoporous films.
On the effect of etching with a focused Ga-=SUP=-+-=/SUP=- ion beam in the energy range 12-30 keV on the luminescent properties of the Al-=SUB=-0.18-=/SUB=-Ga-=SUB=-0.82-=/SUB=-As/GaAs/Al-=SUB=-0.18-=/SUB=-Ga-=SUB=-0.82-=/SUB=-As heterostructure
Authors: Voznyuk G. V.  , Grigorenko I. N.  , Lila A. S.  , Mitrofanov M. I.  , Nikolaev D. N.  , Evtikhiev V. P.
Published: March 2023

The effect of ion energy in a focused ion beam in the range 12-30 keV on the formation depth of nonradiative recombination centers during etching of the Al0.18Ga0.82As/GaAs/Al0.18Ga0.82As double heterostructure has been studied. It is shown that an increase in the ion energy leads to an increase in the concentration and propagation depth of radiation defects. It was found that during etching of focused ion beam with ion energies above 15 keV, the depth of formation of radiation defects exceeds 900 nm, which does not correspond to the calculations in the Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter. Keywords: focused ion beam, radiation defects, photoluminescence, annealing, AlGaAs/GaAs.
Understanding Older Adults’ Experiences With Technologies for Health Self-management: Interview Study
Authors: Garcia Reyes Elsy Paola , Kelly Ryan , Buchanan George , Waycott Jenny
Published: March 2023

Background

Many older adults now use technologies such as wearable devices and telehealth services to support their health and well-being while living independently at home. However, older adults vary in how they use these technologies, and there is a lack of knowledge regarding the motivations that influence their acceptance and use of health-related technologies in home environments.

Objective

This study aimed to understand the types of technologies that older adults use to support their health and the factors that motivate them to use their chosen technologies to support their health. In addition, we aimed to understand the factors that enable the effective use of technologies for health self-management and to identify the barriers that can negatively affect the adoption of technologies.

Methods

A total of 22 older adults participated in semistructured interviews regarding their experiences of using technologies for health self-management. Interview transcripts were analyzed through an in-depth thematic analysis.

Results

The interviews revealed that a range of technologies, such as videoconferencing software, fitness trackers, and other devices, were being used by older adults to support their health. Interviews showed that participants were motivated to use technologies to monitor health issues, to stay active and connected, and to record and change their behavior in the light of foreseen risks related to their future health status. Enablers that facilitated the effective use of technologies include social and organizational influence, convenient access to health care and safety provided by the technology, and easy setup and low cost of the technology. Barriers include information overload and a sense of futility about future health decline; telehealth being an inadequate substitute for in-person consultation; concerns about trust related to privacy and accuracy; and technologies being stigmatizing, uncomfortable to use, expensive, and unfamiliar.

Conclusions

This study suggested that older adults were using a variety of technologies to prevent or prepare for future health decline, evidencing a resilient attitude toward health and aging. In addition, older adults were willing to continue using the technology when there was a perceived need. The enabler mentioned by most participants was the social and organizational influence that included health care staff, family, friends, and organizations. This analysis provides a better understanding of how older adults use technologies to support their health and can guide the provision of appropriate health technologies for them.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Aluminium and Silicone Carbide with Red Mud
Authors: M M. Gowtham , Mani R. , Parthiban N , Karthikeyan V , Hariharan S , Srinivasan P , Thangaraj J Edison , Manikandan P
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMCs)refer the class of light weight and it have been utilized in high-tech structural and functional applications including aerospace, defence, auto move, and thermal management area, as well as in sports and recreation on, Aluminium based metal matrix composites (MMCs) with add ion of SIC and Red Mud reinforcement was fabricated by using casting. Red mud emerges as the major waste material during production of alumina from bauxite by the Bayer's process. So composites using Red mud can be used to reduce the cost of the metal matrix and environmental related issues. The samples were produced by using the aluminium, silicon carbide and red mud. Two types of die 20mm used for compaction to obtain the specimen. The diameter of 20mm rod is used for the tensile, hardness and wear test. This present study evaluates the mechanical proper es of the composite and results were obtained.
Fire Detection System with the Help of Video Sequence Using Machine Learning
Authors: Nagaraju J , Narayana D. Sai Srujan
Published: March 2023

Abstract: In the daily life of a human being, accidents will play a major role in the financial issues of the family. [1] In this paper, we are going to propose a real-time fire detection system that is going to predict the difference between fire and non-fire video sequences. [2] Here, we are going to compare the video sequences by splitting them into a set of frames and comparing those frames to predict whether the area is under fire or not. [3] This is going to benefit large areas like offices, houses, and buildings. [4] This would also send an alert message to the building's system
Power Quality in the Hybrid Grid PV-Wind-Battery by the Multi-Input Transformer-Coupled Bidirectional DC-DC Converter
Authors: Bhargavi Mrs. T. , Sivaganesan Dr. S.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: A control strategy for power flow management of a grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic (PV)–wind-battery- based system with an efficient multi-input transformer-coupled bidirectional dc–dc converter is presented. The proposed system aims to satisfy the load demand, manage the power flow from different sources, inject the surplus power into the grid, and charge the battery from the grid as and when required. A transformer-coupled boost half-bridge converter is used to harness power from wind, while a bidirectional buck– boost converter is used to harness power from PV along with battery charging/discharging control. A single-phase full-bridge bidirectional converter is used for feeding ac loads and interaction with the grid. The proposed converter architecture has reduced number of power conversion stages with less component count and reduced losses compared with existing grid-connected hybrid systems. This improves the efficiency and the reliability of the system. Simulation results obtained using MATLAB/Simulink show the performance of the proposed control strategy for power flow management under various modes of operation. The effectiveness of the topology and the efficacy of the proposed control strategy are validated through detailed experimental studies to demonstrate the capability of the system operation in different modes.
A QUASI-Z-SOURCE Converter Using a Single-Stage Switched-Inductor Boost DC-DC Converter
Authors: Sravanthi Mrs. J. , Anuradha Mrs. A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This paper introduces a new topology, yet simple and efficient, for a grid-connected wind-solar cogeneration system. A permanent magnet synchronous generator-based full-scale wind turbine is interconnected to the utility grid. The dc-link capacitor has been utilized to directly interface a photovoltaic solar generator. No dc/dc conversion stages are required, and hence, the hybrid system is simple and efficient. Moreover, the proposed topology features an independent maximum power point tracking for both the wind and the solar generators to maximize the extraction of renewable energy. This paper presents a quasiZ-source inverter (qZSI) that is a new topology derived from the traditional Z-source inverter (ZSI). The qZSI inherits all the advantages of the ZSI, which can realize buck/boost, inversion and power conditioning in a single stage with improved reliability. In addition, the proposed qZSI has the unique advantages of lower component ratings and constant dc current from the source. All of the boost control methods that have been developed for the ZSI can be used by the qZSI. One of the more commonly used techniques is the incremental conductance method. In this paper, an improved particle swarm optimization- (IPSO-) based MPPT technique for photovoltaic system operating under varying environmental conditions is proposed. Basically, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based approach is utilized to automatically detect the global maximum power point of the PV array by using a preselected number of power measurements of the PV system. The approach of linearly decreasing scheme for weighting factors and cognitive and social parameters is modified. The proposed control scheme can overcome deficiency and accelerate convergence of the IPSO-based MPPT algorithm. Detailed small-signal models for the system components are developed to characterize the overall stability. The influence of the utility-grid faults on the performance of the proposed system is also investigated. Nonlinear time-domain simulation results under different operating conditions are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed topology.
Investigation on Partial Replacement of Various Waste Materials as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete
Authors: Sujitha R. , SivarajaN Dr. P.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The reuse of ceramic waste and iron slag waste as a substitute for coarse aggregate in concrete has been investigated. The current option for disposal of ceramic waste is landfill and this waste is of three types, namely ceramic tiles, clay bricks, flower potspots. Ceramic tiles were obtained from construction and demolition sites, which caused environmental pollution utilizationation of crushed tile as a coarse aggregate in concrete would also have a positive effect on the economy. And slag is considered a third-class hazardous waste that requires a large place for dumping. To transform the slag into an environmentally friendly resource and save the environment from pollution, the possibility of using slag as coarse aggregate cannot be overlooked. In the present study, ceramic tile waste and iron slag were used in concrete as a replacement for natural coarse aggregate with 0%, 10%, 50%, and 100% of the substitution, and M25 grade concrete was used. The concrete modulus was cast and tested for compressive strength after a curing period of 15 and 21 days.
Insight on Vision Zero Strategy and Road Accidents in India
Authors: Srivastava Dr. Ankita , Shrivastava Dr. Anubhav
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Vision Zero is a road safety strategy that aspires to eliminate all traffic deaths and serious injuries while also promoting safe, healthy, and egalitarian transportation for all. It focuses on improving road infrastructure, lowering vehicle speeds, and encouraging everyone on the road to be safe. Vision Zero strategy has been implemented by India so that road deaths are minimized. The paper examines the attributes and reasons of road accidents in India. It further provides recommendations for minimizing the road accidents. The paper concludes with understanding the importance and need of vision zero strategies in India. Vision Zero proposes that all road accidents can be prevented and offers a basis for learning from accidents and improving processes should they occur.
Development and Fabrication of Modified Eye Blinking Vehicle Accident Avoiding System
Authors: Ikhar Dr. S. R. , Choudhari Adit , Maski Nitesh , Undirwade Shahil , Uikey Sanyog , Akre Pratik
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The Eye Blinking Car Accident Avoiding System (EBCAAS) is a novel approach to enhance driving safety by detecting and preventing accidents caused by driver drowsiness or distraction. The system uses a camera mounted on the dashboard of the vehicle to continuously monitor the driver's eyes and detect any abnormal blinking patterns that may indicate fatigue or distraction. Upon detection of such patterns, the system sends an alert to the driver in the form of visual or audio cues, reminding them to stay alert and focused on the road. Additionally, the system is equipped with an automatic emergency braking mechanism that can be activated in the event of a potential collision. The EBCAAS has the potential to significantly reduce the incidence of accidents caused by driver fatigue or distraction and improve road safety for all users. Accidents due to drowsiness can be controlled and prevented with the help of eye blink sensor using IR rays. It consists of IR transmitter and an IR receiver. The transmitter transmits IR rays into the eye
Object Surveillance Detection
Authors: Gayathri Dr. M. , Lakshmanan M. , Krishna D. Lalitha Venkata
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Thefts have increased over the past few years. This creates a dangerous climate where people live in fear. Issues with home security are a worry in the current atmosphere. The current generation of intrusion detection systems is very expensive and prone to false alarms. Open CV and mobile devices are used to find a solution to this issue. Intruders can be precisely detected using this framework, which filters the motion of moving objects. An API by the name of Twilio will notify the user when an intrusion is made, and the video will be saved locally. This application's main purpose is to act as a surveillance system that can identify persons, recognise faces, and display user information. This lowers the possibility of future system penetration by people. This project gathers camera photos and using image comparison methods to identify intruders using the Open CV library. The streamed video will be delivered from the server to the remote administrator via the Android phone if an intrusion is found after comparison. The administrator can then take the necessary steps and locally notify her security. Users are notified by MMS, SMS, or email when notifications are sent and pertinent data is recorded. able to display videos relevant to the user. This approach improves social stability, keeps your house secure, and lowers burglaries.
The Dark Web: Privacy and Anonymity
Authors: Kavitha R. , Kapilsurya R. , Shanmugam V. , Kumar R. Saran
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The Internet as a whole is a network of multiple computer networks and their vast infrastructure. The network consists of websites accessible through search engines such as Google, Firefox, etc. It's called the Surface Web. The Internet is further subdivided into the Deep Web – content that is unindexed and inaccessible to traditional search engines. The Dark Web is considered part of the Deep Web. It is accessible via TOR. Participants on the dark web are anonymous and hidden. Anonymity, confidentiality and the possibility of not being detected are three factors offered by special browsers like TOR and I2P. In this article, we discuss the impact of the Darknet in different social areas and provide results. It gives the number of daily anonymous darknet users (with TOR) in Kosovo and worldwide at the time showed the impact of hidden service sites and got search engine results from Ahimia and Onion City Dark Web. Anonymity on the dark web is not sufficiently verified. TOR strives to provide anonymous activity and aims to provide anonymous activity. Here are the results for showing the number of users and their location. calculations are based on IP addresses by country code, and accesses the sources of those addresses and reports the numbers in aggregate form. In this way,dark web users are indirectly represented. Another key factor is the number of anonymous network users on the dark web. In such a network, users are counted based on requests from directory clients (via TOR metrics) and the relay list is updated. Indirectly, the number of users calculated for the anonymous networks.
Water Level Detection for Flood Disaster Management Based on Real-time Color Object Detection
Authors: Saddami Khairun , Nurdin Yudha , Noviantika Fina , Oktiana Maulisa , Muchallil Sayed
Published: March 2023

Currently, the water level monitoring system for a river uses instruments installed on the banks of the river and must be checked continuously and manually. This study proposes a real-time water level detection system based on a computer vision algorithm. In the proposed system, we use color object tracking technique with a bar indicator as a reference’s level. We set three bar indicators to determine the status of the water level, namely NORMAL, ALERT and DANGER. A camera was installed across the bar level indicators to capture bar indicator and monitoring the water level. In the simulation, the monitoring system was installed in 5-100 lux lighting conditions. For experimental purposes, we set various distances of the camera, which is set of 40-80 centimeters and the camera angle is set of 30-60 degrees. The experiment results showed that this system has an accuracy of 94% at camera distance is in range 50-80 centimeters and camera angle is 60o. Based on these results, it can be concluded that this proposed system can determine the water level well in varying lighting conditions.
Genotypic characterization of Mycobacterium leprae strains resistant to rifampicin and ofloxacin in three health districts in Chad
Authors: Kirga Kabo Abakar , Nadlaou Bessimbaye , Mahamat Abakar , Cambau Emmanuelle , Penlap Véronique , Godreuil Sylvain
Published: March 2023

Antimicrobial surveillance and identification of the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance provides important information to optimize patient care. The present study was an analytical cross-sectional study aimed at determining the prevalence of rifampicin and ofloxacin resistance genes among Mycobacterium leprae strains in three health districts in Chad.

The determination of the folP1, rpoB and gyrA resistance genes was carried out by PCR-RLEP and confirmed by sequencing from 80 biopsy samples taken from patients with multibacillary leprosy, including 12 relapsed patients and 68 new cases. In the whole cohort, 1/80 (1.2%) showed resistance to rifampicin and 1/80 (1.2%) to ofloxacin. No mutations were detected for dapsone. The presence of M. leprae mutation associated with rifampicin resistance was observed in a relapsed patient and the mutation associated with ofloxacin resistance was observed in a patient with multibacillary leprosy who had not been sensitized by ofloxacin but should have used other quinolones. Both mutant strains revealed the emergence of secondary resistance.

This study, the first to highlight the emergence of resistance to rifampicin and ofloxacin in Chad. It raises the need to implement a robust surveillance system to detect resistance of Mycobacterium leprae in Chad and even in Central Africa.

Keywords: Mycobacterium leprae, resistance, Chad
The Effectiveness of SGLT2 Inhibitors in CKD Patients
Authors: Boddula Hema , Shivani R. , S P Srinivas Nayak , Vaghasia Jitendra , Chakraborthy G. S. , Mandal Snigdha Das , Ghatol Prajwal
Published: March 2023

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, often known as SGLT2Is, are a class of medications used largely for anti-diabetic activity in oral dose form that lowers blood glucose levels. In recent years, numerous trials have documented the use of medications for conditions including renal and cardiovascular illness that go beyond only decreasing blood sugar. Other benefits of SGLT2Is' glucose-lowering activities include slowing or halting the progression of chronic kidney disease, lowering estimated glomerular filtration rate, lowering albuminuria, improving renal and cardiovascular health, and reducing estimated glomerular filtration rate. Published clinical trials reported all of these SGLT2I effects. The studies that we reviewed for this article are the Canagliflozin CardioVascular Assessment Study (CANVAS), Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE), Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (DAPA - CKD) trial, Effects of SGLT2I dapagliflozin on Proteinuria in Non-Diabetic Patients with The clinical studies, SGPLT2I class of medications, and their impact on cardiovascular and renal illnesses in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals are adequately covered in this review study.

Keywords: SGLT2Is, Chronic kidney disease, dapagliflozin, Canagliflozin
Correlation of hyperprolactinemia, Subclinical hypothyroidism with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and infertility
Authors: Badawei Asha Abu Baker , ALakkad Ashraf , Murad Rania
Published: March 2023

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a hyperandrogenic condition characterized by polycystic ovarian morphology and chronic oligo-anovulation.  When it is combines with hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia, this condition can have severe consequences, may even lead to infertility.

Case Presentation: This case study illustrates the complexity of PCOS and the significance of a multidisciplinary approach to its diagnosis and therapy. The patient is a 24-year-old non diabetic nonsmoker female with PCOS who has been attempting to conceive for seven years. The patient presented to the hospital with irregular menstrual cycles and a desire to become pregnant. The patient had previously been unsuccessfully treated with Clomid and letrozole. The patient's BMI was determined to be 23. 3 and a pelvic scan indicated PCO ovaries. Laboratory results revealed hyperprolactinemia (53 ng/ml) and subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH 12.6 uIU/ml, T4 0.54 ng/dL- TPO antibodies:187 IU/mL, Anti thyroglobulin antibodies 235 IU/mL), but a pituitary gland MRI was normal. Thyroid US features going with Hashimoto thyroiditis. The patient's PCOS symptoms were initially managed with metformin and Duphaston, and then Cabergoline was introduced to address hyperprolactinemia. The patient became pregnant shortly following hyperprolactinemia medication. Prenatal screenings revealed elevated fasting glucose levels and gestational diabetes. The patient's blood sugar was initially controlled by Metformin, but she later required multiple insulin doses to maintain control.  The patient was scheduled for induction of labor at 38 weeks, but a lower segment emergency cesarean surgery was performed due to fetal distress.

Conclusion: Regular monitoring and management of both PCOS and related conditions such as hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia are crucial to ensure the best outcome for the patient. Additionally, we suggest Metformin, Duphaston, Cabergoline to treat PCOS patient having subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperprolactinemia.

Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome, subclinical hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, gestational diabetes.
Detection of C677T, rs75582903 and SNV64878785 in Methylenetetra hydrofolate Reductase Gene (MTHFR) in Meningioma among Sudanese patients
Authors: Rhoma Aisha Ali , Mohammed Bahja Abdu , Alfatih Doha Mohammed , Ebraheem Fadwa Mohammed , Ebrahim Fatma Zein Elabdeen , Abuzied Mohammed Abdulelah , Adam Omer Alsayed Albasheer , Aldeaf Sawsan Ahmed , Gassoum Elsadig
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Meningiomas are commonly benign tumors come from the arachnoid cap cells,  and the incidence is account 6 cases per 1000000 of population per year or even much higher in African countries, in  Sudan during the period May 2005-May 2012 a total of 405 patients were operated upon and diagnosed as having cranial meningioma, regarding the etiologies of meningiomas are not yet known; it may be related to radiation exposure, genetic disorders (Neurofibromatosis type2), hormonal imbalance (progesterone) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Aims of the study: This study aimed to amplify MTHFR gene in specific region using PCR, and to detect C677T, rs755829023 and SNV64878785 of MTHFR gene in meningioma among Sudanese patients.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the National Center for Neurological Sciences between May to August 2022, Khartoum Sudan, all meningioma patients attending the national center of neurological sciences during the period of the study was included. Demographic variables were included (age and gender), and the clinical data included (meningioma histology subtype and WHO grading), tissue and blood samples were collected, DNA extraction from the tissue and blood samples was done, polymerase chain reaction was made to amplify specific region of MTHFR gene. PCR products were sent for Sanger sequencing to Macrogen Europe Laboratory. Data was collected and analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19, and sequencing was analyzed using, BioEdit and Mutation taster.

Results: In this study the most affected age group was 41-50 years, female was the most common, WHO grade I meningioma constituted 70% of the cases mostly the fibrous subtype. C>T (g.10369 C>T) was detected in 100% of the cases and deletion C (g.10380-10380delC) was detected only in the cases 16.6%. 

Conclusion: In this study, female was the most common 11(55%) with male to female ratio 1:2, the most affected age group was ranging from 41-50 years constituted 35%, WHO grade I meningioma was detected in 70% of the patients. C>T (g.10369 C>T) was detected in 100% of the cases and deletion C (g.10380-10380delC) was detected only in the cases 16.6%.
Exploration of drug addiction prevalence among young generation of Pabna district, Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Ashish Kumar , Raju Fazlay Rabby , Sultana Mst. Prianka , Milon Mohammad Mostafa Mohsin , Akter Sumiya
Published: March 2023

Drug addiction has spread at a frightening rate in the whole world, especially in the South Asian countries such as Bangladesh which needs to be analyzed, discussed and eradicated. This present survey based study was conducted with an aim to discover the scenery of drug addiction in northern region of Bangladesh. Researchers also uncovered the factors, problems and effects of drug addiction, age of first drug used, source of money to buy drugs and effective measures to prevent this problem etc. Total 600 youngsters from Pabna, a northern part of Bangladesh were directly interviewed by using self-construct questionnaire. Age range of the participants was between 12 and 35. Result showed, low income participants were highly addicted (58.62%) and family problems (43.93%) were the most prevalent cause of addiction. Participants involved in sports had lower drug addiction propensity (36.38%). Addicted young consumed more nicotine (95.04%), alcohol (63.93%) and marijuana (44.28%). Among addicts, youngs started using drugs mostly between 15 to 18 years age. Parent’s income (42%) was the prime source of money to buy drugs and 91% of addicted young faced complications. Counseling (71.2%) and systematic penalty (66.4%) were the best preventive measures for drug addiction. The young generations of Bangladesh are cankering their crucial youth time in addiction and they should be rescued by counseling, monitoring and treating them with care and affection from the parents, society and government.

Keywords: Drug Addiction, Survey, Young People, Pabna, Bangladesh
Nanocatalyzed Synthetic Approach for the Quinazolinone and Quinazoline Derivatives: A Review (2015 – Present)
Authors: Vishwakarma Lav Kush Kumar , Kashaw Varsha
Published: March 2023

Due to their diverse chemical reactivities and essential range of biological action, quinazolines and their derivatives rank among the most significant heterocyclic compounds. Quinazoline and quinazolinone scaffolds pharmacological properties have sparked medicinal chemists' interest in creating original medications or drug candidates. The growth of quinazoline hybrid lead compounds and the related heterocycles is summarised in the current review of medicinal chemistry. Additionally, by shedding light on the potential significance of these hybridised pharmacophoric characteristics in the demonstrating a range of pharmacological activities, the review contributes to the acceleration of the drug development process.

Keywords: Fused Heterocycles, Quinazolinone and Quinazoline Derivatives, Drug Development
Pharmacological Potentials of Omega 3 Fatty Acid in Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Verma Kapil Kumar , Choudhary Akshay , Kumar Inder , Happy ,
Published: March 2023

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia in the general population with a prevalence that reaches one third of patients with arterial hypertension, diabetic and other risk factors. In atrial fibrillation, the regular impulses produced by the sinus node for a normal heart beat are overwhelmed by rapid electrical discharges produced in the atria and adjacent parts of the pulmonary veins. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are permanent subjects of interest in relation to the protection of cardiovascular health and the prevention of the incidence of both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias. It has been proposed that Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid possess anti-inflammatory properties that can inhibit arrhythmogenic mechanisms. Potential Targets of Omega-3 PUFAs Relevant to Arrhythmias Prevention are direct inhibition of sarcolemmal ion channels & restoring cardiac connexion channels. Intake of omega-3 fatty acids significantly prevents the occurrence of AF. The purpose of this review is to focus on the novel cellular and molecular effects of omega-3 PUFAs, in the context of the mechanisms and factors involved in the development of atrial fibrillation.

Keywords: Eicosapentaenoic acid, Docosahexaenoic acid, Atrial Fibrillation, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, Arrhythmias.
All About Lercanidipine: Ten Questions and Answers
Authors: Fici Francesco , Faikoglu Gokhan , Grassi Guido , Robles Nicolas Roberto , Faikoglu Kubra Saygisever
Published: March 2023

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Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Face Pack
Authors: Sandanshiv Swarali Yuvraj , Patil Sonali Ravindra , Wagh Vijay Dhondiran , Shinde Pooja Arjun , Mali Rohit Pradip
Published: March 2023

Majority of the cosmetic products available in market are of synthetic origin and causes numerous side effects when used for longer period of time. One of the solutions for this problem is use of herbal cosmetics. Herbal cosmetics are considered safe for routine use with minimal side effects. Acne, redness, wrinkles, dark circles, pimples, dry and dead skin is some of the major skin issues. All these problems can be minimized by using herbal cosmetics such as face pack, scrub, cream, etc. Present work focused on preparation of powder based herbal face pack using natural ingredient like orange peel, neem, tulsi, sandalwood, rose oil, etc. Orange peel was used as core ingredient for its ability to reduce acne, wrinkle and also to control excessive secretion of oil is known as natural or herbal cosmetics. Formulation was evaluated for its appearance, spreadability, smoothness, irritability, pH etc. from the results obtained from evaluation parameters, it can be concluded that the prepared face pack can be safely used.

Keywords: herbal cosmetics, scrub, softening, cleansing, moisturizing and fairness