bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introducing of a silvofishery pond on sapling and seedling density based in Lubuk Kertang Village, North Sumatera
Authors: Basyuni M , Nasution K S , Slamet B , Sulistiyono N , Bimantara Y , Putri L A P , Yusraini E , Hayati R , Lesmana I
Published: June 2019

The present study reports the introducing of mangrove management through community-based silvofishery pond according to the density of sapling and seedling stage in Lubuk Kertang village, Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The vegetation in the silvofishery pond consisted of Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, and Avicennia marina. Silvofishery pond was introduced with an area total of 8,484 m2, with an area of 0.4242 ha in each pond of dominated seedlings and saplings, respectively. In the predominated seedling density over sapling showing almost twice found that seedling density consisted of 297 individual/ha which domination of R. apiculata compared to sapling density of 144 individual/ha. Similarly, 726 individual/ha was recorded in the sapling stage, where R. mucronata dominated. Furthermore, the seedling density in the sapling domination ponds for the seedling level was 398 individual/ha. R. mucronata detected in ponds with sapling dominance and seedling domination generally located in the middle part of the pond. By contrast, R. apiculata dominated the seedling level either in the seedlings or saplings stage. Introducing silvofishery with seedling and sapling stages should use recommended species such R. mucronata and R. apiculata to sustain nutrient of fish and to generate high phytoplankton growth.
The radio sensitivity of mature callus and selection of irradiated 40 Gy lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) callus on acid stress through tissue culture
Authors: Karti P D M H , Manpaki S J , Prihantoro I
Published: June 2019

Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) cv Tarramba is a good forage has a high crude protein, fleas tolerance and drought resistant but only grow well at pH >5.5 and have high mimosine. The aim of this study was to determine radio sensitivity value of mature callus and the optimal tolerance level of callus that has been irradiated by gamma rays (40 Gy) on acid stress. The first phase of research was conducted by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 radiation treatments used gamma rays including 0, 30, 40, 50, and 60 Gy. Second phase of the research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment of using the different level of Al3+ with different acidity. The treatment consisted of 6 levels Al3+, including 0 ppm (pH = 6.5), 100 ppm (pH = 5.5), 200 ppm (pH = 4.4), 300 ppm (pH = 3.4), 400 ppm (pH = 3.0) and 500 ppm (pH = 2.6). The radio sensitivity value of the mature Callus on post-irradiated gamma-ray LD50 was 56.227 Gy. Based on acid selection (AlCl3), the best performance up to 300 ppm Al3+ (pH 3.4), although the callus was able to grow and tolerant up to 500 ppm Al3+ (pH 2.6).
Partial isolation of distal promoter sequence of the NPR1 gene from local chilli Pepper [Capsicum annuum L.] genotype berangkai
Authors: Oktavioni M , Candra IA , Nova B , Syukrini L , Asben A , Jamsari J
Published: June 2019

Understanding of NPR1gene expression is a crucial aspect in improvement of chilli pepper resistant. The NPR1 gene is known to confer broad spectrum resistance toward many phytopathogens by activating SARmechanism. For that reason, characterization of the NPR1-gene promotor is necessary. The distal promoter of the NPR1-gene in general is characterized by the presence of enhancer, silencer, and cis-acting elements, located 5,950 bp from the ATG starting point. Therefore this study is focused to the isolateion of the distal promoter sequence of the NPR1 gene from a local Capsicum annul L. Genotype Berangkai. Specific primer pairs designatedas PD_CbNPR1-F1 [FR] and PD_CbNPR1-F2 [FR] were designed to amplify the whole targeted segments. However, only 1,873 bp in total [31.5 %] of sequences could successfully be elucidated from the first round, covering 970 and 993 bp from its upstream and downstream segments respectively. Hhomology analysis using BLAST tool successfully confirmed 99 and 100 % homology with its reference sequence derived from cv. Zunla-1. These result indicated that the NPR1 distal promoter sequence is successfully isolated from chilli pepper [Capsicum annuum L] genotype Berangkai. However, ffurther analysis using primer walking strategy should be undertaken in order to identify the entire sequence of its promoter region.
Growth and production responses of local sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) genotypes on paddy straw biochar application in the paddy fields
Authors: Andika M Y , Rahmawati N , Sitepu F E T
Published: June 2019

Abstrak. Biochar application as an organic soil conditioner can increase plant growth and production, especially on suboptimal lands. This research aimed to determine the response of growth and production in some local sweet potato genotypes (Accession of Cengkeh Turi with yellow tuber flesh, Accession of Cengkeh Turi with orange tuber flesh, and Accession of Tanah Seribu with orange tuber flesh) on various doses application of paddy straw biochar (0, 5, 10, 15 tons/ha) in paddy fields. A field experiment was conducted from April to August 2018 in the paddy fields of Tandem Hilir I Village, Deli Serdang. The results of this research indicated that the local sweet potato genotype had a good growth and production response in paddy field cultivation. Accession of Tanah Seribu with orange tuber flesh had a significant effect on vine length, tuber weight per sample, and harvest index, while Accession of Cengkeh Turi with orange tuber flesh significantly affects the number of tubers per sample. Paddy straw biochar application had a significant effect on the length of vine, and tuber weight per sample. The best dose of paddy straw biochar in the paddy fields is 10 tons/ha.
The effect of nitrogen fertilizer, zeolite and fresh straw to increase total-N, cation exchange capacity (CEC) of rice crop
Authors: Wulandari R , Hanum H , Hasanah Y
Published: June 2019

The use of nitrogen fertilizer accompanied by zeolite and fresh straw is expected to increase rice plant growth and the chemical properties of rice fields. The objectives of this research were to compare the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, zeolite, and fresh straw on the total-N, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and the growth of paddy rice plants. This study used a factorial randomized block design method with 3 Factors: Nitrogen (Urea) : 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha; Zeolite :0 and 300 kg/ha; and fresh straw treatment are without fresh straw and with the provision of 2 kg of fresh straw/plot equal to 5 ton/ha. Results showed that there was an increasement in the combination of urea, zeolite and fresh straw with low to high nutrient status but there were no significant differences. While there was a significant effect on plant height, number of tillers at 4 MST and dry weight of rice canopy. The combination of urea and zeolite fertilizers showed higher results than the treatment of urea fertilizer without zeolite. A combination of fertilizer urea and the zeolites show results higher than treatment fertilizer urea without zeolite.
The effect of phosphate solubilizing microbes and chicken manure in increasing the P availability and growth of Green Beans (Phaseolus radiatus L.) on Andisol
Authors: Siswana S R , Sembiring M , Hanum H , Rosneli
Published: June 2019

The availability of P in Andisol is low because phosphate is absorbed by allophane, Al and Fe minerals on the colloidal surface so that it is not available for plants. This research aim was to determine the effect of phosphate solubilizing microbes and chicken manure in increasing P availability and the growth of green beans (Phaseolus radiatus L.) plants on Andisol. This research was carried out at the Greenhouse and Laboratory of Soil Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. This research used a randomized block design with 2 treatment factors and 3 replications. The first factor is phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM), namely: (M0) without application, (M1) 5 gr mycorrhiza, (M2) 5 gr Burkholderia cepacia bacteria, (M3) 5 gr Talaromyces pinophilus fungi. The second factor is the dose of chicken manure, namely: (A0) 0 gr, (A1) 80 g, (A2) 120 g and (A3) 160 g. The results showed that the administration of phosphate solubilizing microbes and chicken manure could increase P-available by 10.78-50.82%, total leaf area by 8.63-65.18%, plant dry weight by 2.46-58.25% and plants P content by 24-99%, the best treatment was the interaction of T. pinophilus fungi with a dose of 160 gr / plant chicken manure.
Seed morphology and germination of Macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) from North Sumatra
Authors: Susilowati A , Kusuma Y S , Kholibrina C R
Published: June 2019

Macadamia is an endemic species in Queensland’s rainforest and known as one of high economical nut producer. In Indonesia, makadamia cultivated in some research garden in West Java and East Java also can be found in Aeknauli Forest Research in Sipiso-piso. As valuable nut producer, macadamia can be adopted as one of targeted species for restoring Lake Toba through agroforestry scheme. For supporting the successfulness of restoring program using macadamia trees, information on species and seed character was needed, especially about its propagation strategy. But this information still very limited in Indonesia. Therefore, our research was conducted to get information on seed morphology of makadamia and it seed germination process. For seed morphology, data on seed part was quantified through direct observation and measurement. The germination process was quantified through direct observation and its occurrence process. The result on seed morphology showed that macadamia fruit was round shape on ripe condition. The fruit has 2.20 cm diameter average and 8.58 of fruit weight. The seed and endosperm thickness were 0.38cm and 1.54 cm respectively. Makadamia has hypogeal germination type and takes 5-6 months for germinating.
Effect of κ-carrageenan concentration on physical and Mechanical properties of vegetable leather based on kelor leaves (Moringa oleifera L.)
Authors: Wahyuni S , Holilah  , Asranudin  , Rianse M I K , Sadimantara M S
Published: June 2019

The aims of this research were to investigate the effects of κ-carrageenan concentration on the physical and mechanical characteristics of vegetable leather based on kelor leaves. This research used non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of five treatments of κ-carrageenan concentration ie. 1.00% (K1), 1.25% (K2), 1.50% (K3), 1.75% (K4) and 2.00% (K5). Analysis of physical and mechanical properties (elongation at break, thickness, and solubility) of all treatments were carried out. Morphological properties and functional group identification were conducted from the best treatment. The concentration of κ-carrageenan very significantly affected on thickness and solubility and no significantly affected on the elongation percentage. Morphological tests on the surface of vegetable leather were slightly coarse than edible films from k-carrageenan. FTIR spectra of vegetable leather had a different absorption band intensity than pure κ-carrageenan. So, it could be concluded that vegetable leather had the potential to be developed commercially.
Transforming the agricultural sector for better sustainable development: perspectives from Russia as a member state of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Bogoviz Aleksei
Published: June 2019

The agricultural sector is a core stone to many sustainable development goals and initiatives, including the largest one – the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In order to achieve many of these goals, it is highly necessary to have effective policies aimed at the sustainable development of the agricultural sector, since it is very much connected to all other sectors of the economy and society and is central to achieving many SDGs. However, to formulate and achieve such diverse and multiple goals, one should be able to control the development of key indicators, track outcomes of the measures being taken, and review the whole array of methods being used in order to allow for guided course corrections. Despite SDGs present a global sustainable development perspective, it is necessary to use them with local and regional indicators that capture well the degree of sustainability in the agricultural sector of a particular country or region. The paper focuses on Russia and the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) as an local/regional example. A list of local/regional indicators is proposed in connection to the corresponding global SDGs.
Approaches to building and evaluating sustainable agricultural systems in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Bogoviz Aleksei
Published: June 2019

The paper is devoted to analyzing the issues of agricultural sustainability in the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union, a regional organization connecting Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, and the Kyrgyz Republic. We note that there is no single study that comprehensively addresses this highly important issue; therefore, a review of major approaches to building and evaluating agricultural systems is conducted with the purpose of their further application in the Eurasian Economic Union. The paper distinguishes the total of four approaches and provides their brief overview: (1) a balance between energy and matter in sustainability and innovations; (2) water and soil consumption in agricultural production; (3) potential environmental impacts; (4) energy dimension in sustainable agricultural systems.
Promising solutions for cost-effective management in biomass processing
Authors: Zazykina L A , Roiter L M , Gusev V A
Published: June 2019

The article presents the systematization of the main technologies of biomass processing with the calculation of the result and the effect of their use both in Russia and abroad. In addition, an acute problem is indicated and promising directions in the processing and marketing of biomass are proposed. The analysis of contemporary scientific literature on this issue, which indicates the divergence of opinions on the problems of biomass processing at poultry farms. The goal set in the article is to explore promising areas in the processing of biomass. The research goal is (a) to identify problem areas in the activities of poultry enterprises and (b) to determine the economic feasibility of promising areas of management solutions to this issue, as well as in the development of an algorithm with an economic calculation. The study used statistical methods of structural and comparative analysis, structural – logical method of presenting information, economic and mathematical modeling. Conclusions are made about the economic feasibility of the use of biomass processing at poultry farms. The results obtained show new promising solutions, namely the use of the “in-house windrowing” method in the Russian poultry industry; also, a new market for biomass products was proposed. The results of the study will expand the possibilities for further study of the issue in the framework of the implementation of the Program for the Development of Biotechnology in the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2020 and the Strategy for the Development of the Forest Complex of the Russian Federation until 2030.
Economic affordability of food as an indicator of food security in Russia
Authors: Khayrullina O
Published: June 2019

The study of the economic availability of food within the framework of state security is of particular interest to the Russian Federation, which is due to achieving the threshold criteria for indicators of the country’s food self-sufficiency. Currently, there is no methodology for drawing conclusions about the level of affordability of food. The presented analysis of the level of satisfaction of the physiological needs of the population of the Russian Federation by main types of products in households, the nutritional and energy value of consumed food by the population of the Russian Federation, the dynamics of the cost of the minimum set of food products and the population’s average income per person made it necessary to expand the boundaries of economic accessibility of food the first and second decile groups of the population, taking into account the disposable income. It is proposed to provide domestic food assistance, with the total funds amounted to 163 billion rubles for these groups.
Model of investment development of beef cattle in the region (on the example of the Voronezh region)
Authors: Kibirov A , Litvina N
Published: June 2019

The article describes the state of production of cattle meat on the example of the Voronezh region. It is revealed that the successful overcoming of the crisis period was achieved thanks to the measures taken to enhance investment activity. It was noted that the key condition for increasing the production of cattle meat in the region was the transition to specialized meat cattle breeding. The basis for the development of this subsector was the development of high-tech investment projects, under which the large-scale delivery of highly productive beef cattle from other countries was carried out. Along with this, new livestock complexes were built, advanced technologies were introduced into the production process. One of the stimulating factors was the adoption in the region of state support measures aimed at the development of breeding activities and an increase in the production of high-quality beef. In conclusion, the main problematic issues hindering the effective development of beef cattle breeding in the region are given, and the need to improve existing measures and mechanisms of state support is indicated in order to ensure further intensive development of this sub-sector and increase its investment attractiveness. In particular, a mechanism is presented to stimulate the breeding of beef cattle in households.
Resources for the transition of rural areas to a diversified development model
Authors: Merenkova I , Agibalov A , Lubkov V
Published: June 2019

One of the priority strategic objectives aimed at reducing the unjustifiably high spatial differentiation of rural areas is their diversification, carried out by involving unused resource reserves into development, creating new opportunities for the industries which products have a steady market demand. The purpose of this scientific work is to justify the need to move from a predominantly mono-functional to a diversified model of rural development. Creating models for their diversified development requires defining the rural areas as a special space, in which a specific activity closely related to the natural habitat is carried out, depending on the natural, economic factors of farming and formed in the conditions of the almost universal distribution of multi-component agricultural production. In the process of research, the relationship between the diversity of the rural economy structure and the multifunctionality of rural areas was revealed, which showed the need to diversify the economy by stimulating various types of activities. Taking into account domestic and foreign experience, approaches to building a model of diversified development of rural areas are justified. Based on a study of the rural economy structure, a model of diversification was proposed, containing single-industry and multi-industry blocks, including a different combination of industries and their advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that the most effective is an industry-specific model with a diversified rural economy due to the maximum possible set of various economic forms and activities that meet the needs of the population in employment.
Protection against risks of losing a harvest of agricultural crops by means of applying the data obtained from the space monitoring systems of plant cover
Authors: Belova E , Sannikova M
Published: June 2019

Recently, in the domestic practice of agricultural insurance, interest in index insurance products has increased from both insurers and insurants. This is due to the high efficiency demonstrated by them as a tool to protect against the risk of yield loss, with a low level of associated moral hazard, low maintenance costs of the insurance contract. Index insurance implies the conclusion of a contract providing for the payment of insurance compensation when the base indicator reaches a specified threshold, the base indicator being an indirect sign of the occurrence of actual damage. When insuring crops, such a baseline can be high temperatures, lack of precipitation during the growing season. However, a more accurate indicator of the magnitude of the crop, and hence its shortage, is the normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), obtained using space monitoring of vegetation. This fact is a reliable prerequisite for the use of this indicator in the index insurance of agricultural crops. Mathematical modeling of the dependence of the yield of spring barley in certain districts of the Rostov region on NDVI indicators made it possible to determine the main parameters of the corresponding index insurance products and to prove the effectiveness of their use to reduce the risks of yield loss. In particular, efficiency is expressed in stabilizing the income of agricultural producers by years, which is confirmed by a decrease in the coefficients of variation of this indicator in some cases to 27%.
Oilseed market: global trends
Authors: Vinnichek L , Pogorelova E , Dergunov A
Published: June 2019

According to FAO estimates, the world food products markets still remain fairly balanced, which is due to sufficient stocks of wheat and corn and the recovery of oilseeds production. The value of oilseeds in the national economy is almost impossible to overestimate, since their food and non-food role in the world is constantly increasing. Vegetable oils obtained from oilseeds form the basis of human nutrition, they are widely used in various types of industry. The increasing role of oilseeds is also due to their use as a raw material for the production of biodiesel. The paper additionally considers the specificity of the market oilseeds. The main regions are the producers of individual oilseeds and major oilseeds in the world. The analysis of the production of major oilseeds, their production structure and global trends, which allowed to determine the main factors influencing the market of oilseeds. The composition of the countries-exporters and importers in the market of oil seeds and their share is given. The vector in the development of the world oilseed market and the role of alternative oilseeds on it are also reviewed in the paper.
Analytical study of agribusiness as a tool for competitive development of the region in the context of globalization and integration risk
Authors: Kotarev A
Published: June 2019

Scientific and applied research in the field of monitoring the state and trends of development of the regional agro-industrial complex (AIC) is becoming a very important and objectively necessary in the context of permanently changing geo- and macroeconomic conditions, as well as in the aspect of the risk of globalization and integration. All this requires the development of syncretic forms, methods, and approaches to the system of management and organization of the national economy, which ultimately should be harmoniously synthesized in the structure and content of the socio-economic strategy of competitive development of agriculture at the regional level and the level of macroeconomics.
Intensification of dairy cattle breeding on the basis of improving the methods of sampling feed
Authors: Mironova N , Anishchenko A , Gusarov I
Published: June 2019

In the current economic and political conditions, the sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding, its intensification are a complex system of interrelated measures for the maintenance, fodder production, feeding and breeding of animals, as well as technical modernization, rational use of resources, etc. We believe that feed production and feeding of farm animals are among the key elements of this system. At the same time, assessment of the quality of the harvested feed, analysis of their nutritional value and chemical composition in the diet are of particular importance. As studies conducted by us on materials of the Vologda region show, different types of feed samplers are used in farms, rations are represented by an abundant set of feed and balancing feed additives with a large variety of chemical composition and nutritional value. However, the wide range and diversity of the chemical composition and nutritional value of the feeds used in animal diets confirm not only violations in the technology of harvesting feeds, but also an imperfect method of their selection. In view of this, we have developed and scientifically substantiated the method of selecting feeds, and also presented the results of approbation of the OBA-1 deep-boring feed sampler in agricultural organizations in the Vologda region with various methods of housing and milking cows. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study consisted of the fundamental works of the Russian scientists and economists; general scientific research methods were used (abstract-logical, systemic approaches, economic and statistical, etc.), statistical (grouping, sampling, comparisons, etc.), as well as graphical and table data visualization techniques. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that its results can be used in the production of agricultural organizations to improve the feed production system, intensify production, increase the economic efficiency of the enterprise as a whole, and also serve as a basis for further research on this issue.
The development of a small agricultural business: trends and priorities
Authors: Otinova M , Savchenko T
Published: June 2019

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the importance of the socioeconomic functions performed by a small agrarian business to increase rural employment, provide consumers with quality products, as well as the need to choose priority directions for the development of this sector of the agrarian economy in modern market conditions characterized by the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions and the declared import substitution policy. The purpose of this scientific work is to study the trends and justification of the priority directions for the development of small agribusiness, taking into account the natural resource potential of the regions and the implemented agricultural policy. In the course of the study, general scientific methods of cognition were used: monographic, dialectical, abstract-logical, methods of economic analysis and synthesis, computational-constructive, economic and statistical. The study highlighted the development trends of small agricultural business, identified the problems of its functioning at the present stage. Summarizes the positive experience of the regions of the Central Black Earth Region in the implementation of measures to support the development of small businesses. On the basis of the analysis performed, priority areas for development are identified: improving competitiveness and production efficiency in small business structures; development of consumer cooperation (outsourcing); establishing a system of interaction between small agribusiness and the state; developing organic agricultural production in small business structures; digitization of the rural economy and improvement of information support for rural entrepreneurs; development of youth, socially oriented entrepreneurship. The implementation of the proposed directions for the development of small agrarian business will enhance the efficiency of the agro-industrial complex, the sustainable development of rural areas, and the formation of eco-and socially-oriented behavior among rural entrepreneurs.
The agricultural sector of Russia: analysis, problems, and trends
Authors: Nikolaev O , Litvina N , Novikova N
Published: June 2019

The article analyzes the current socio-economic situation and the state of affairs in the agricultural sector of Russia. The issues of import substitution, state regulation, and management on the basis of the program approach are considered. The foreign experience of addressing an agrarian question is given. It is noted that the revealed problems and the presented analysis of the agro-industrial complex economy (and its social sphere) are due to the weak protectionism of the state in relation to this extremely important sector of the national economy, ensuring the stability and security of the country in a broad sense. The problems of state rural policy are also considered in the article, the authors note the main of them: ensuring sustainable development of the rural economy, increasing the level of agricultural products competitiveness on the basis of investment, and providing resources for further modernization of agricultural production. The authors strengthened the necessity to move to a new model of rural development.
Comparative characteristics of the organic food market in Russia and Germany
Authors: Nesterenko N , Shagalkina M
Published: June 2019

A comparative analysis of the organic food market in Russia and Germany presented in this paper makes it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each and to work out directions for the development of domestic organic agriculture. A comparative analysis of the organic food market is carried out according to the following parameters: (a) types of distribution channels; (2) barriers to entry and exit; and (3) the price level in relation to the industrial products.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of digitalization in agriculture
Authors: Ulezko A , Reimer V , Ulezko O
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the essence of the basic approaches to the definition of the concept “digital economy”. There is a lack of elaboration on the issues of establishinh the mechanism of transition from the traditional economy to the digital one and justification of the criteria allowing to fix the moment of this transition. A critical analysis of the contents of the program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” is conducted in the paper. The content of the categories “digital platform” and “digital ecosystem” is disclosed. Certain provisions regulating the conditions for implementing the digital transformation of economic systems are given. It is noted that the present stage is marked with the formation of the theoretical and methodological basis of the digital economy; insufficient attention is paid to the issues of the digital development of individual branches of social production, including agriculture. The paper argues that certain limitations on achieving the potential for the digitization of agriculture are imposed by the current structure of the agrarian sector of the economy of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is highly necessary to adopt a state strategy to overcome the information backwardness of the agrarian sector and the formation of basic conditions for the initiation of the digital transformation of the most technologically advanced economic entities of the agrarian sector and the industry as a whole. The paper provides a list of basic information management tasks, the solution of which would create prerequisites for transferring agriculture to digital technologies, along with the principles reflecting the basic provisions of the formation of digital agriculture. The paper provides a directional digitalization model, which assumes active regulatory influence of the state on the processes of designing and developing industry digital platforms and ecosystems and the formation of macroeconomic conditions for creating and introducing digital technologies into business practice.
On the way to ecological agriculture: decision-making process in agrarian state policy
Authors: Skryl T , Osipov V , Vorozheikina T
Published: June 2019

Modern transformations in the global economy radically changed the food supply system of the population, necessitating the formation of a new agrarian policy and the implementation of a system of tactical and long-term strategic state measures. Scientifically based economic and agricultural policy is the most important condition for stabilization and effective development of the agro industrial complex, the factor of growth of well-being of the population and ensuring a food security of any state. The main goal of the agricultural policy is to create the institutional conditions that would allow producing a competitive product and enhancing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises. The authors tried to search the inconsistencies in the implementation of institutional reforms in the agricultural sector on the example of the Russian Federation. Based on works of outstanding theorists of institutional science (A. Pigou and R. Coase), two directions of institutional reforms have been identified. The authors show the distinctions of these directions and possible ways of practical realization of them in the agricultural sector. The problem of weak market power of traditional producers of agricultural raw materials is revealed. The transition to ecological agriculture is able to increase the market power of agricultural producers in the reproduction process that would automatically lead to better balance of income distribution between main actors in the reproduction process, while improving the quality of products for the consumers.
Improvement of agro-industrial complex management at the federal level
Authors: Chernaya A E , Kabanenko M N , Ugrimova S N
Published: June 2019

The article suggests measures and ways to improve the system of agricultural management at the Ffederal level that meet the challenges of the “new normality” associated with the world economic and financial crises, economic and political sanctions of the Western countries against Russia that have a potential to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the agricultural sector, adaptation of agricultural producers to these conditions, increase the food security of Russia. The study focuses on the agrarian sector as the main component of the agro-industrial complex. The management of the agro-industrial complex is considered in the context of the uncertainty of the functioning of agriculture, the impact of negative processes on the structure and functions of national regulatory bodies that require further research and deepen research on the theoretical issues of managed socio-economic development of agriculture, the development of universal theoretical principles for the formation of agrarian sector management systems under the leadership federal governing body with a clear vertical coordination “the federal center - regions - municipalities.” Forms of management in the agro-industrial complex of the country with division of powers and functions allowing to solve the arising problems on protection of national interests of Russia which concern questions of ensuring food security and agricultural production are also considered.
Application of rules and regulations as the way to ensure food security of the country
Authors: Grigoreva G , Kabanenko M , Andreeva N
Published: June 2019

An assessment of the level of technological development of the crop industry of the Russian Federation is provided in the paper. The necessity of technological development of crop production is determined by the need to ensure food security of the country. The importance of norms in the process of predicting technological development of crop production is described. To improve the management of the crop sector development at different levels of management, a system of norms and standards has been developed, the use of which in the process of forecasting would contribute to the acceleration of its technological development of the crop industry in market conditions. The system includes a set of scientific and methodological documents, containing a systematic list of material, technical, labor, and other norms and standards, characteristics of the norms and standards included in the list, organizational and methodological approaches to their creation and application. For active use and implementation of the developed System in production, as well as for the possibility of filling the System with specific standards in electronic form, a computer program “Snin-agro” was created. The use of the computer System and program contributes to the improvement of state regulation of the country’s economy, technological development of the industry, significantly increases the economic and social effect, and thus increase the level of food security of the country.
An innovative system of the agro-industrial complex: sectoral and territorial aspects
Authors: Shulgina L , Chernyshova I , Shulgin A
Published: June 2019

The relevance of the research topic is connected with the need to modernize and innovate the development of the agricultural sector in the context of the ongoing globalization of the world economy and the tasks of import substitution in Russia. Digital technologies have not yet reached all rural areas, which is a problem for the development of the digital economy in our country. There is a lag in the implementation of innovative products and agricultural projects from the industrial complex. This is primarily due to the lack of state financing and strict regulations of the relations existing in the agro-industrial complex. The formation of innovative systems at the level of territories (regions) cannot but include the agro-industrial complex in the system of management of innovations and investments of the region. The sectoral aspect of the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex is associated with the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets for 2013-2020. The aim of the study is to substantiate the need for the growth of intensive introduction of innovative products in the agro-industrial sector based on the interrelationships of territorial and sectoral forms of managing innovative development of the agro-industrial complex, since the agro-industrial sector is vital for the population and ensuring food and economic security. The authors demonstrate the problems of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex, present their own vision on the concept of the innovation system, including innovative products, innovative projects, innovative activities, and the innovative system of the agro-industrial complex. The sectoral and territorial (regional) aspects of innovation activities in the framework of the agro-industrial complex of the Voronezh region are considered. Certain features of the management of innovative development in these areas are analyzed. Conditions stimulating the formation of an innovation system of the agro-industrial complex are given, and a number of reasons explaining the lag in the innovative filling of the agricultural sector are also addressed in the paper.
Digital transformation in food retailing
Authors: Syaglova Yu
Published: June 2019

The relevance of the topic of this study is determined by the necessity to research, characterize, analyze, and evaluate the effectiveness of the digitalization aspects implemented in the food retail trade practice. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the existing digitalization elements used by the main food retail trade participants. Among the main participants of this market, the author considers trade networks of federal and regional levels, food retail Internet operators, niche food retail companies, and agrologistic operators. The author came to the conclusion that the further growth of the e-commerce market in Russia will be due to the active participation in the food categories sales. The introduction of adequate digital technologies and tools into the practice of trade business processes can have a positive impact on improving the efficiency of trading activities in general. The methods of this study include grouping, systematization, and classification.
Economics and management of the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Zavalko N , Kutukova E , Orlov I
Published: June 2019

The agro-industrial complex is currently under intensive development. The processes occurring in the modern economic community require new solutions and approaches related to the integration processes in the agricultural sector. The analysis of statistical data shows the positive dynamics in the development of the agro-industrial complex. The establishment of sustainable economic relations provide a synergistic effect that would be generated through the rational use of available resources, the use of scientific research and the expansion of international relations.
Creating closed technobioecosystems (synergotron class) as a modern direction of using digital technologies for the development of Agrarian Science and solving tasks of the agrarian-industrial complex of Russia
Authors: Zelenkov V N , Vernik P A , Latushkin V V
Published: June 2019

In the historical perspective, systems for growing food plants have changed in accordance with the development of the technological structures of humanity. The transition from growing plants in open ground with practically unregulated natural conditions to semi-enclosed (industrial greenhouses, vertical farms, phytotech complexes) with an increase in the proportion of controlled microclimatic parameters allowed to achieve an increase in plant productivity. The logic of further social development leads to an understanding of the need to create and use closed tehnobioecosystems of the synergotron class for food production with a a high content of biologically active substances and to save production resources. The paper presents a review of the history of the development of views and concepts of using biological and technical knowledge in the Agrarian Science and production with the purpose to improve the efficiency of agricultural production of open and protected soils, as well as the emergence of new approaches associated with the creation of closed tehnobioecosystems of the synergotron class based on developing digital technologies applied to agricultural science and innovative agricultural production.
Conceptual problems of contemporary additional education in the agro-industrial complex: employers’ personnel strategies
Authors: Ragulina Yu , Bratarchuk T
Published: June 2019

The paper critically reviews the conceptual approaches existing in contemporary additional education in the agro-industrial complex. In particular, employer’s personal strategies are discussed in current conditions.
Modernization of Russian flagship universities in the context of regional sustainable development
Authors: Gamidullaeva L , Surovitskaya G , Palatkin I
Published: June 2019

At the present time, the prerequisites for intensification of the regional economic systems’ development are being created in the Russian higher education system. The article deals with the issues of modernization of the flagship universities, reflected in their development programs. A hypothesis has been put forward that the development of flagship universities would adequately correspond to the regional agenda, while ensuring the sustainable development of both the university and the region as a whole. It becomes possible with a more detailed study of the components of the social and economic potential of the regions and the development and implementation of strategic projects of flagship universities aimed at developing the natural and resource regional potential, taking into account the effects of transforming universities into centers of innovation, technological and social development of the regions.
The problem of drying up spruce stands and ways to solve it
Authors: Ivanchina L , Koltyrin A
Published: June 2019

The last decades has been witnessed of the mass spruce stands drying up problem in different countries of the world. The investigation purpose consists in establishing influence of the growth conditions and the bark beetle, on the drying up of spruce forests. Forest stands of the coniferous-broadleaved (mixed) zone forests in Russian Federation served as an object of our researcb. Based on the results of the acts of pathologic inspection, it is established that the share of drying up spruce forests decreases with increasing soil fertility and moisture. The influence of the bark beetle was investigated on the basis of materials of three sample plots in stands of the green-moss spruce type of forest. We did not find traces of vital activities of the bark beetle by the drying spruce trees with a diameter at altitudes of 1.3 m to 14 cm fully, as well as with a diameter of 14 to 22 cm partly. The fact revealed is explained by the fact that these spruce trees have a thin bark which is not enough for the beetle laying inside of it the mother gallery, and the brood bark for subsequent feeding. The bark beetle is not the primary reason of the spruce forests drying in the Permsky Kray. It is necessary to conduct a much deeper study on this problem.
The role of natural processes in the formation of the fauna of water and ground organisms of Baikal Lake
Authors: Rusinek O T , Fefelov I V
Published: June 2019

The relationship between the paleogeographic events of the Neogene and the Quaternary period on Lake Baikal with the formation of the faunistic complexes of fish, birds, and their parasites is analyzed in the article. The composition of fish parasites confirms that the representatives of endemic Baikal Cottoidei passed the most prolonged isolation in Baikal, and the fish of the boreal lowland complex settled the lake relatively recently and may have penetrated here repeatedly. The current composition of aquatic birds indicates the tense conditions of their habitat in the Baikal region in the Quaternary and the significant variability of their fauna in the Pleistocene climatic cycles due to the periodic colonization of Baikal by birds.
Wastes from the processing of tin ore as a potential source of pollution of ecosystems and a reduction in the risk of environmental disasters in the Primorsky krai
Authors: Krupskaya L T , Zvereva V P , Bubnova M B
Published: June 2019

The article presents the results of long-term experimental studies of the environmental hazard of mining waste for environmental objects in the Primorsky krai. The aim of the work is to develop the fundamental basis for an integrated assessment of the impact on the ecosystem of waste from the processing of mineral raw materials to improve the environmental situation in the study area. A high ecological toxicity is revealed, which, obviously, can contribute to contamination of environmental objects, as evidenced by acidity indicators (pH 3-4), which determine the high mobility of heavy metal compounds. It has been experimentally proved that the compounds of toxic chemical elements contained in its waste are actively involved in the geochemical cycle within the boundaries of the influence of the tailing dump. A comprehensive assessment of the impact of waste on ecosystems has made it possible to propose ways to ensure their environmental and social security, the novelty of which is confirmed by the patents of the Russian Federation received by the authors of the article.