bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of chromatic indices of grape juice by cryomaceration before ultrasonic treatment
Authors: Denisenko A.V. , Taranenko V.I.
Published: January 2024

In 2022, the EU included high power ultrasound treatment in the list of approved grape processing methods for winemaking purposes. Acoustic cavitation has been demonstrated to affect chromatic parameters by changing phenolic content quantitatively. Anthocyanins are most affected by high power ultrasound and to avoid colorant degradation, a short-term treatment period has been established [1]. Ultrasound is a type of energy generated by a pressure sound wave. The application of high intensity ultrasound can induce changes in the physical and chemical properties of objects [2]. Liquid exposed to ultrasonic waves changes into tiny bubbles that are filled with vapor. The formation of such bubbles and their further compression is called cavitation. Treatment of grapes with ultrasound causes micro-oxygenation which results in cracking of the skin of the berries and anthocyanins, tannins and aromatic compounds are easily released. Cryomaceration works in a similar way. Cryomaceration is a maceration method that involves lowering the temperature of grape berries to -18℃ for a specified period of time. Under this effect, the intracellular water of berries freezes, and the formed ice crystals rupture the cellular structure, similar to micropigmentation, releasing tannins and anthocyanins [3]. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cryomaceration on the formation of chromatic parameters of grape juice before ultrasound treatment. Evidence supporting the positive effect of cryomaceration on grape juice color formation was identified and summarized.
Current changes and strategical directions of modernization of oilfield services market
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, BELOSHITSKIY imofey Alekseevich
Published: January 2024

Relevance. Innovative-technological development of oilfield service business is associated with the need of vertically integrated companies (VINCs) in services, which are largely dependent on fluctuations in demand for hydrocarbon raw materials, so the model of strategic planning of innovative-technological development of oilfield service, taking into account the current realities, will be in wide demand. Purpose of the research – Justification of the need to implement the model of strategic planning in innovation and technological development in oilfield service companies based on the analysis of current problems and trends in the oilfield service market. Main results. The analysis of problems and trends in the oilfield services market proves that the growing demand for hydrocarbons is the key factor determining the market growth and forming the outstripping demand for geological exploration, drilling and geophysical support. Increasing sanctions pressure may reduce the volume of high-tech service operations due to the withdrawal of multinationals from the Russian market, which may lead to stagnation of the oilfield services market and cause risks of lower oil and gas production levels. The pandemic-related drop in oil quotations on world stock exchanges has caused an increase in competition in both the Russian and global oilfield services markets, where two opposite trends have manifested themselves: on the one hand, there is a decline in demand for these services, while on the other – data on the growth of drilling volumes indicate the industry’s development prospects. New technological solutions increase the production efficiency of the oilfield service industry, which requires companies to focus on innovative development and use a model of strategic planning for the introduction of modern technologies together with classical market instruments, which determines the practical significance of the results of this study. Conclusion. The analysis of opportunities, trends and problems of oilfield service market development, as well as strategic priorities of oilfield service companies at the present stage confirms the significance and necessity of introducing innovative technologies to form and maintain competitive advantages in the existing global market. The strategic approach to modelling the development of oilfield service companies allows to increase the sustainability and stability of their development, as well as to reduce the negative impact on the environment in the changing energy landscape.
Quartz Grain Microtextures in the Paleogene Sosnov Formation: Implications for Sediment Provenance in the Eastern Russian Platform
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, HAMADA Nadia
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the research. The chief task of the research is to examine the microtextures of quartz grains in the Paleogene Sosnov Formation, which is a sedimentary unit located in the Ulyanovsk-Syzran Volga Region of the Russian Platform. By examining the microtextures, which include mechanical, chemical and mechanical/chemical features, it becomes possible to find out the mechanisms by which grains were transported and subsequently modified. The relevance of the research. The relevance of this research lies in the fact that the analysis of quartz grain microtextures provides valuable insights into sediment provenance of sedimentary deposits is crucial for reconstructing past geological environments and unraveling depositional histories. Research methodology. Twenty quartz grains were collected from sands of the Paleogene Sosnovka Formation, exposed by the Eastern-Tashlinsky and the Kuchurovsky quarries to a depth of 5 and 7.5 m, respectively. The research methodology involved scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the microtextures of quartz grains. Results and conclusions. The study reveals 19 microtextures types, which were categorized into mechanical, chemical, and combined mechanical/chemical microtextures. An analysis of SEM indicated that chemical microtextures are present in the Paleogene Sosnov Formation, which made it possible to suggest that the sands passed through a low-energy phase during their transition. The data obtained enables us to reconstruct the diverse depositional paleoenvironments, including eolian, subaqueous, mixed subaqueous-eolian, and pedological settings.
Features of electrical conductivity at high temperatures of complex titanomagnetite ores from the Gusevogorsky deposit
Authors:   Bulashevich Institute of Geophysics of the Ural Branch of RAS, BAKHTEREV Vladimir Vasilʹevich
Published: January 2024

Relevance is determined by the search and selection of the most information-intensive characteristics and physical properties of complex titanomagnetite ores in connection with the need for scientifically based criteria for their detection, quality assessment during selective mining and selection of optimal enrichment technology. Research methodology. To study the electrical properties, samples in the shape of a cube with an edge of 0.02 m were used. The measurements were carried out in an open system at atmospheric pressure. Electrical resistance was measured with a two-electrode setup every 10 degrees in the temperature range 20–800 ºC. Heating rate 0.066 deg/s. The measuring device is an E6-13 teraohmmeter with a dynamic range from 10 to 1014 Ohms and a relative measurement error from ±2.5% to 4% at the end of the range. Results. A collection of samples of complex titanomagnetite ores from the Gusevogorsky deposit (Northern quarry) was studied using physical, mineralogical and petrographic methods. Functional connections have been established between the electrical parameters of high-temperature electrical conductivity (Eₒ – activation energy, lg Rₒ – the so-called electrical resistance coefficient), the value and nature of the electrical resistance lg R in the temperature range 20−800 °C of the studied samples of complex ores with their structural and textural features and mineral composition. Based on structural and textural features, mineral composition and electrical parameters, the studied samples are clearly divided into three groups. Conclusions. The presented results, in combination with other physicochemical parameters, can be used as a reliable indicator of rapid assessment of the material being studied. Significant differences in the electrical parameters of titanomagnetite ores provide additional information about their quality. In combination with other methods, we hope for the possibility of using these parameters in the selective extraction of ores that require different enrichment regimes.
Modelagem de Variáveis Espectrais para Determinar as Condições Hídricas de Cafeeiros
Authors: Delfino Deyvis , Delfino Renan , Volpato Margarete , Silva Vânia , Ferreira Danton Diego
Published: January 2024

O potencial hídrico e um importante indicador utilizado para estudar as relações hídricas nas plantas, pois reflete o nível de hidratação de seus tecidos. Tradicionalmente, esse indicador e medido diretamente por meio de um equipamento chamado Bomba de Scholander, embora esse processo seja complexo e demorado. Contudo, ha várias variáveis numéricas que descrevem as propriedades das plantas e que podem ser adquiridas a partir dos índices de refletância das folhas. Essas variáveis apresentam relações diretas e indiretas com o potencial hídrico. Neste estudo, o objetivo e explorar variáveis espectrais para estimar o potencial hídrico em cafeeiros, utilizando ferramentas de inteligência computacional. Para isso, foram medidas assinaturas espectrais por meio de miniespectrometro em lavoura de café localizada em Diamantina, cidade localizada no estado de Minas Gerais. Os dados contemplados abrangem o período de 2014, 2015 e 2016. Ademais, os dados apresentam dois grupos de manejo da lavoura, irrigado e sequeiro. Através da plataforma de desenvolvimento de algoritmo MATLAB foram desenvolvidas quatro técnicas de Machine Learning: Rede Neural Artificial tipo MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptron), Arvore de Decisão, Random Forest e KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor). Foram implementados para as quatro técnicas dois métodos distintos, estimação e classificação. Os resultados expõem que as redes neurais artificias foram superiores em ambos os métodos, com raiz do erro quadrático médio ( RMSE) de 0,4361 e o coeficiente de determinação (R2) de 0,6923 para estimador e acurácia global 73,3% para o classificador.
On the criteria for detracting stable models from fixed phrase schemes
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Melikyan Vadim
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the identification of a system of criteria that allow to distinguish stable models from fixed phrase schemes. The distinction between stable models and fixed phrase schemes as different classes of syntactic phraseological units is one of the most complex and important problems of the modern theory of syntactic phraseology. An additional difficulty lies in the fact that fixed phrase schemes belong to the core of syntactic phraseology, and stable models to its periphery. The solution to this problem is the relevance, purpose and novelty of this study. The language material is borrowed from the specialized dictionary of the author of the study. The total number of syntactic constructions analyzed is 123 fixed phrase schemes. Illustrative material is borrowed from the texts of fiction, the language of which qualifies as the modern Russian language. The study uses the descriptive method, the method of component analysis of the semantic structure of the sentence, syntactic modeling, phraseological analysis, transformational method, as well as methods of etymological, contextual and comparative analysis. Stable models of the Russian Language are investigated in the aspect of the syntactic phraseology theory: a set of characteristics is defined that allow them to be considered in the system of various classes of syntactic phraseological units, as well as allowing them to be distinguished from free syntactic constructions; integral and differential features of stable models and fixed phrase schemes are established, which are qualified as absolute (differentiating) and relative (optional). Absolute criteria include the following: the nature of rethinking the producing syntactic construction (a single lexeme or the entire syntactic construction as a whole is being rethought); the presence/absence of a compulsory component; the presence/absence of deactualization/ grammaticalization/lexicization of the syntactic structure components; the presence/absence of transformation of the syntactic meaning of the producing structure. The relative criteria are the following: relevance/irrelevance of parsing; the presence/absence of transformation of the functional type of the producing syntactic construction.
Providing solutions for data scarcity in urban flood modeling through sensitivity analysis and DEM modifications
Authors: Dasallas Lea , An Hyunuk , Lee Seungsoo
Published: January 2024

Developing countries face significant challenges in accessing sufficient and reliable hydro-meteorological data, hindering the implementation of effective disaster management strategies. This research proposes solutions for limitations on performing flood simulations through parameter sensitivity analysis and digital elevation model (DEM) modifications. The methodology provides alternatives to account for insufficient rainfall, roughness coefficient, infiltration data in simulating large-scale rainfall-runoff, and high-resolution DEMs incorporating road and building networks for urban flood modeling. By applying the method to an extreme flood event in the Marikina Basin, Philippines, a combination of ground-based and remotely retrieved rainfall data, roughness (n = 0.3861–0.5005), and infiltration parameters (Δθ = 0.326–0.505 and ψ = 0.4547–1.565) set at the maximum range were found to replicate the increase in the upstream water level. Simulations were able to accurately capture the flood propagation along the natural and artificial barriers in the urban area compared to untreated digital terrain and surface model (DTM and DSM) data, with root-mean-square error range improvements from 0–7.13 (DTM) and 0.29–4.20 (DSM) to 0–0.63 (modified DEM). The proposed methodology significantly improved the accuracy of the simulations, which is crucial for proposing adequate flood action plans, despite the lack of high-resolution data available for under-developed nations.
Comparison of the wastewater treatment performance of continuously and discontinuously mixed high-rate algal ponds at Kingston on Murray
Authors: Butterworth Sam , Fallowfield Howard
Published: January 2024

High-rate algal ponds (HRAPs) incorporate shallow raceway designs and paddlewheel mixing. HRAPs use UV disinfection and the symbiotic environment between microalgal photosynthesis and heterotrophic bacteria for the assimilation of nutrients for efficient wastewater treatment. Mixing of a HRAP provides a homogenous environment and influences both the disinfection of pathogens and algal growth by exposing the wastewater to sunlight. Guidelines require continuous mixing of the HRAP. This study aimed to determine the effect of cessation of mixing for 10 days, on wastewater treatment by comparison with a continuously mixed pond operated over the same period. The period of 10 days was equivalent to the HRAP hydraulic retention time. Samples of inlet and HRAP-treated wastewater were collected from the HRAP at Kingston on Murray. Parameters measured were Escherichia coli, chlorophyll a, total suspended solids (TSS), NH4-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, PO4-P and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). The discontinuously mixed and the continuously mixed HRAPs complied with the wastewater effluent guidelines, of an E. coli concentration ≤104 MPN100 mL−1 and a BOD5 of <20 mg L−1. An E. coli log reduction value of >1 was also recorded. This study shows that cessation of mixing for 10 days had no significant effect on HRAP wastewater treatment performance.
Metacarpal fracture in uterus in a bovine neonate
Authors: Damaris Ribeiro Cavalcante Maria , Lourenço Augusto Giani , Tramontin Belettini Salviano , Faria Orlandini de Andrade Carla , Henrique Martin Campos Hugo , Giarola Boscarato Andre
Published: January 2024

Long bone fractures are common in juvenile cattle, however, cases of fractures occurring in the intrauterine environment during pregnancy are rare. The objective of this report is to present a case of an open consolidated fracture of the metacarpal that occurred in uterus, in a newborn calf, in which the surgical approach used was successful. A 48-hour-old female bovine was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Paranaense University, who presented a complete, open and poorly consolidated transverse diaphyseal fracture in uterus during the gestational period on clinical and radiographic examination. As a therapeutic approach, open reduction was chosen, with ostectomy followed by stabilization with type IA external skeletal fixator. Four 4mm transcortical pins were positioned proximally and distally to the newly formed fracture line, followed by two more pins in the proximal phalanges region, seeking to stabilize the metacarpophalangeal joint, since flexural deformity of that joint was observed after the realignment of the longitudinal axis of the metacarpal, even after the section of the superficial and deep digital flexor tendons and suspensory ligament. The ESF was removed after 32 days, when radiographic signs of neoproliferation and bone consolidation were observed. In a last evaluation 15 months after the surgical correction, a complete and satisfactory recovery was observed regarding the development and well-being of the animal.
Molecular Machinery of the Triad Holin, Endolysin, and Spanin: Key
Players Orchestrating Bacteriophage-Induced Cell Lysis and their
Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Samir Safia
Published: January 2024

Phage therapy, a promising alternative to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections,
harnesses the lytic cycle of bacteriophages to target and eliminate bacteria. Key players in
this process are the phage lysis proteins, including holin, endolysin, and spanin, which work synergistically
to disrupt the bacterial cell wall and induce lysis. Understanding the structure and function
of these proteins is crucial for the development of effective therapies. Recombinant versions
of these proteins have been engineered to enhance their stability and efficacy. Recent progress in
the field has led to the approval of bacteriophage-based therapeutics as drugs, paving the way for
their clinical use. These proteins can be combined in phage cocktails or combined with antibiotics
to enhance their activity against bacterial biofilms, a common cause of treatment failure. Animal
studies and clinical trials are being conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of phage therapy
in humans. Overall, phage therapy holds great potential as a valuable tool in the fight against multidrug-
resistant bacteria, offering hope for the future of infectious disease treatment.
Nicotinamide Loaded Chitosan Nanocomplex Shows Improved Anticancer Potential:
Molecular Docking, Synthesis, Characterization and In vitro Evaluations
Authors: Metwaly Ahmed M. , Abu-Saied Mohamed A. , Gobaara Ibraheem M.M. , Lotfy Asmaa M. , Alsfouk Bshra A. , Elkaeed Eslam B. , Eissa Ibrahim H.
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to prepare and characterize chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating
a nicotinamide derivative (Ni-CS-NP). Additionally, the therapeutic effectiveness,
cytotoxicity, selectivity, and immunomodulatory properties of Ni-CS-NP were evaluated
in human breast and colon cancer cell lines. Chitosan nanoparticles have shown potential
as drug delivery carriers due to their biocompatibility and controlled release properties.
Encapsulating a nicotinamide derivative further enhances the therapeutic potential of these
nanoparticles. Computational studies were employed to validate the binding interactions,
providing crucial insights into the formulation's stability and effectiveness. The primary
objective was to assess the cytotoxicity and safety profiles of Ni-CS-NP in human cancer
cell lines. Moreover, this study aimed to investigate the specific mechanisms underlying
its cytotoxic effects, including its impact on cell cycle progression, apoptosis induction, and immunomodulation.
Ni-CS-NP were synthesized using the ionic gelation method and characterized using Fourier-transform
infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy
(TEM), and thermo gravimetric analysis. The cytotoxicity was evaluated in breast and colon cancer cell lines
through the MTT assay. Selectivity indices were calculated to determine the safety profiles. The inhibition of
VEGFR-2, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, and immunomodulatory effects were assessed through
molecular assays. Computational analysis demonstrated favorable binding interactions through the Ni-CS-NP
complex. The characterization studies confirmed the successful synthesis of Ni-CS-NP with well-defined
structural and thermal properties. Ni-CS-NP exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity with a superior safety profile
against MCF7 and HCT 116 cell lines showing IC50 values of 2.32 and 2.70 μM, respectively, surpassing sorafenib's
efficacy (IC50 = 4.12 and 7.55 μM, respectively). Additionally, Ni-CS-NP effectively inhibited
VEGFR-2, induced both early and late apoptosis, and disrupted the cell cycle progression in MCF7 cells. Notably,
Ni-CS-NP demonstrated significant immunomodulatory effects by reducing TNF-α and IL-2 levels
compared to dexamethasone. The encapsulation of a nicotinamide derivative within chitosan nanoparticles
(Ni-CS-NP) through the ionic gelation method proved successful. Ni-CS-NP displayed potent cytotoxicity,
superior safety profiles, and promising immunomodulatory effects in human breast cancer cells. These findings
highlight the potential of Ni-CS-NP as a novel therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment, warranting
further investigation for clinical applications.
A Brief Meta-analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Lead and Cadmium
in Meat, Liver, and Kidney of Livestock in Iran
Authors: Emami Mohammad Hassan , Mohammadzadeh Samane , Karimi Raheleh , Amerizadeh Atefeh , Fahim Alireza , Dehkordi Sayed Ali Ehsan , Maghool Fatemeh
Published: January 2024

Background:

Red meat from livestock is an excellent source of high-quality protein, vitamins,
and minerals

Objective:

This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the levels of two of the most toxic heavy metals;
lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in meat and edible offal (liver and kidney) of livestock (sheep,
buffalo, and cow) in Iran with assessing their health risk of developing cancer.

Methods:

A systematic search was conducted covering ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Google
Scholar. Finally, data from 4 articles including 624 samples were analysed.

Results:

Pooled results show that the mean concentrations of Pb and Cd were 0.18 mg/kg and
0.13 mg/kg respectively which were both higher than their eligible maximum limits by
FAO/WHO. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of Pb and Cd in meat, liver, and kidney for adults
and children was lower than the Total Daily Intake (TDI) limits. The consumers' non-carcinogenic
risk (THQ) for meat consumption was generally safe in terms of Cd and Pb in all cities except for
Pb in Hamadan which was greater than one (unsafe) for both adults and children. Carcinogenic
Risk (CR) for meat consumption was generally safe or within the acceptable range in terms of Cd
and Pb in all cities except for Pb in Hamadan which had a Pb-CR greater than safe/permissible level
for children.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that the dangerous levels of CR and THQ of meat in terms of Pb
in Hamadan warrant concern and further study.
Motion-resolved 3D Pulmonary MRI Reconstruction using Sinusoidal
Representation Networks
Authors: Zou Qing
Published: January 2024

Background::

Deep learning reconstruction for free-breathing pulmonary MRI.

Objective::

To propose a motion-resolved 3D pulmonary MRI reconstruction scheme using the sinusoidal representation network (SIREN).

Methods::

The proposed scheme learns the registration maps using SIREN to register an averaging image to get the final reconstructions. The learning of the
network relies only on the undersampled data from the specific subject. The usage of the network for outputting the registration maps enables a
memory-efficient algorithm, as outputting registration maps instead of images only requires small networks. The training of the network based on
only undersampled data enables an unsupervised learning scheme, which makes the proposed scheme useful in cases in which fully sampled data is
not available.

Results::

We compare the proposed SIREN-based motion-resolved reconstruction with two state-of-the-art methods for ten datasets. Both visual and
quantitative comparison indicates the better performance of the proposed method.

Conclusion::

In conclusion, the use of SIREN for 3D pulmonary MRI reconstruction allows for the efficient and accurate reconstruction of data that has been
undersampled.
Theranostic Nanomaterials to Overcome the Challenges in Peptide-based
Cancer Therapy
Authors: Selvaraj Saranya , Amarasekara Yasuri , Perera Inoka C. , Weerasinghe Laksiri
Published: January 2024

:

Globally, the number of cancer cases and death rates are increasing, making it necessary to develop new and improved medications for the treatment of cancer.Owing to a broad
range of physio-chemical properties, Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) possessing tumoricidal
properties and Anticancer Peptides (ACPs) are promising alternatives for enhanced cancer therapy. Recently, biopharmaceuticals have changed the rules of radiation therapy and chemotherapy
by introducing peptide therapy for cancer treatments. However, several limitations obstruct the
clinical efficacy of peptide-based cancer therapies, which include limited target specificity, oral
intake, and half-life payloads. The integration of theranostic nanomaterials could be facilitated as
a transformative strategy to address these challenges and enhance the potential of peptide-based
cancer therapy. Increasing applications of recent times of peptide-nano hybrids have addressed
the crucial issues related to conventional peptide-based drug therapy by enhancing the druggability. This review aims to explore the impact of nano-formulated peptides as an anticancer agent,
highlighting the involvement of nanotechnology as an enabling tool.
In-vitro and In Silico Assessment of Anti-inflammation Properties of Saponarin Extracted from Hordeum Vulgare
Authors: Boyina Revathi , Kosanam Sreya , Bhimana Sasidhar , Gudimitla Raveendra Babu , Duraiswamy Dhachinamoorthi
Published: January 2024

Background:

Hordeum vulgare, commonly known as Barley grass, is a historically significant cultivated plant with profound implications for societies, agricultural sciences, and human nutrition. It has been valued for both sustenance and its potential medicinal properties

Objective:

This study aims to comprehensively investigate the medicinal properties of Hordeum vulgare, focusing on its potential therapeutic benefits and anti-inflammatory properties. Addition-ally, we seek to quantify and compare the phytochemical content of two distinct extracts: Barley Grass Hexane Extract (BGHE) and Barley grass aqueous extract (BGAQ).

Methods:

We quantified the phytochemical contents of BGHE and BGAQ and evaluated their anti-inflammatory effects using UV spectroscopy at 560 nm, coupled with the RBC membrane stabilization technique. Subsequently, we conducted in silico studies to assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of Barley grass leaf extracts.

Results:

Both BGHE and BGAQ demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on inflammation com-pared to the control group. However, BGHE exhibited superior anti-inflammatory efficacy when compared to BGAQ, suggesting its role as a potential anti-inflammatory agent. In silico studies further supported the anti-inflammatory potential of Barley grass leaf extracts.

Conclusion:

Hordeum vulgare, or Barley grass, offers a wealth of health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-acne, and anti-depressant properties. These properties contribute to improved immunity, reduced cardiovascular disorders, and alleviation of fatigue. The distinct extracts, BGHE and BGAQ, both exhibit promising anti-inflammatory capabilities, but BGHE shows better anti-inflammatory activity. This research sheds light on the therapeutic potential of Barley grass, making it a valuable candidate for further exploration in the field of natural medicine.
A New-fangled COVID-19 Variant, Eris, Might be the One to Lookout in
2023 or far from Over
Authors: Ray Suman Kumar , Mukherjee Sukhes
Published: January 2024

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease brought on by the extremely pathogenic and contagious severe acute respiratory syndrome-virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
The agenda for the COVID-19 pandemic is dynamic and includes recent developments. Seven
variants under monitoring (VUMs), one variant of interest (VOI), XBB.1.5, and their offspring
lineages are currently being actively monitored by WHO. The VUMs are BA.2.75, CH.1.1, BQ.1,
XBB (with the exception of XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, and XBB.1.9.1), XBF, and XBB.1.16. With 95
countries having reported finding XBB.1.5 (VOI), it is still the most common strain worldwide,
responsible for 47.9% of cases from epidemiological January to March 2023. Seventy nations
discovered XBB.1.5 in February and March 2023 and posted sequencing data to GISAID. Of the
43 nations that uploaded more than 50 sequences, XBB.1.5 prevalence has increased to more than
50% in 11 nations. Over 23000 deaths and 3 million new cases were recorded globally in March
and April 2023. Worldwide detection of a new COVID-19 strain has prompted specialists to
issue a warning that the virus is "circulating unchecked". The Greek goddess of conflict and discord Eris has inspired the nicknaming of EG 5.1, a subvariant of Omicron. The strain is becoming
more prevalent in the USA and cases are increasing in the UK. The severity of each SARS-CoV2 variant has been comparable, although a more severe form might develop. Eris is an ancestor
of Omicron and exhibits some of its characteristics. Reinfection risk can be influenced by a variety of variables, including age, location, and health equity and the COVID-19 vaccine is more or
less effective depending on the strain.
Fruits of Emblica officinalis Linn. and its Phytochemicals in the Prevention
of Ethanol-induced Hepatotoxicity: A Mini-Review
Authors: Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath , Marakala Vijaya , Anthony Raymond , George Thomas
Published: January 2024

Excessive alcohol consumption over time is one of the primary causes of liver disease
and death globally. Because there is no effective treatment, the situation has become more complicated,
and the emphasis has shifted to the use of alternative and complementary medicine to
treat liver problems. Herbs with dietary use have played an important part in the treatment of liver
diseases since antiquity. Amla or Indian gooseberry, scientifically known as Phyllanthus emblica
or Emblica officinalis, is a fruiting plant of the Phyllanthaceae family that is used in a variety of
traditional and folk medical systems. The fruits have both dietary and medicinal value and are
used to prevent chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis and reduce experimentally induced hyperlipidemia
and metabolic syndrome in laboratory animals. They also have hepatoprotective effects
against a variety of hepatotoxins such as heavy metals, iron overload, ochratoxins, hexachlorocyclohexane,
carbon tetrachloride, therapeutic drugs such as paracetamol, and antitubercular. Amla
fruits and phytochemicals such as quercetin, gallic acid, ellagic acid, and kaempferol are known to
reduce ethanol-induced liver damage, and mechanistic studies have shown that the beneficial effects
of these phytochemicals are mediated in part by free radical scavenging, antioxidant, and
anti-inflammatory effects. This review examines the positive effects of amla fruit and its phytochemicals
for the first time, as well as the mechanisms underlying the protective effects.
Computational Design of a Truncated Javan Spitting Cobra (Naja sputatrix) Venom Cardiotoxin Analogue as a Promising Insulinotropic Agent
Authors: Arini Dinana Ichda , Widodo Widodo , Kurniawan Nia
Published: January 2024

Treatment options for diabetes may vary widely, however, around 50% of all diabetic patients do not reach the minimum glycemic target. Therefore, drugs that are able to lower glucose levels through unconventional targets are still needed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the activity of cardiotoxins from N. sputatrix towards Kv channels as potential targets for glucose level reduction. Molecular docking analysis was conducted using the ClusPro web server, and the resulting protein-ligand interactions were visualized using BioVia Discovery Studio and LigPlus v.4.5.3. The stability of the docking structures was further examined through molecular dynamics simulations. The CTX-1, CTX-3, CTX-4, CTX-5, and CTX-KJC3 sequences from N. sputatrix were aligned and modeled, focusing on the 62-81 amino acid residues. The models of CTX-3, CTX-4, and CTX-5 demonstrated interactions with the binding site of the KcsA receptor. Additionally, substituting the Val74 residue in the CTX62-81 fragment with Lys74 resulted in reduced binding energy and mitigated the cytotoxic effects of CTX, while maintaining its insulinotropic activity
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH) DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Kiwang Amir Syarifudin
Published: January 2024

Hope family programs is a program conditional cash assistance to poor families or in international terms known as Conditional Cash Transfers (CCT). Hope family programs intended for help reduce family expenses while increasing investmen for future generations through improving the quality of health and children's education. In the long run, hope family programs expected to break intergenerational poverty chain. As a program Conditional assistance open access to poor families especially pregnant women and children's to utilize various health care facilitiesÂ  and educational service facilities which are available around them. Hope family programs first implemented in 2007 with scattered target in seven provinces namely DKI Jakarta, East Java, West Java, Gorontalo, North Sulawesi , West Sumatera and East Nusa Tenggara (Kupang City). Facts show that Policy Implementation hope family programs has gone well since 2007. In kupang City up to the year 2018 there are around 6.019 heads of family recipient of the family Hope program (latest data 2018, after deducting the participants who leave). Constraints to implementing a family program of hope is a cross-sectoral communication issue and bureaucratic structure in the process of implementing a family program of hope so that it often causes problems in the field. Participants of the Family Hope Program who does not carry out commitments in accordance with verification results will get sanctions in the form of discounted amounts of assistance in the current year.Cooperation between operators and facilitators and all stakeholders be the key to success implementation of the family hope program in kupang city.Â Keywords : Policy Implementation, Hope family programs.Â
The Analysis of Satisfaction of Public Service Accountability in the Office of Investment and Integrated Licensing Services (DPMPTSP) Jambi City, Jambi Province
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Both good and clean government has raised an issue in the public administration study; one of them in the public service sector is accountability. Accountable become a demand from the public to public official which can be done by the government. Based on the Ombudsman Republic of Indonesiaâ€™s supervision in eight government agencies of Jambi city, one of them is The Office of Investment and Integrated Licensing Service (DTMPTSP). The results of supervision indicated the service has not well; it is characterized by the absence of service standard; did not follow procedures and long chain service. One example, there were users completed documents for taking Building Permit (IMB), but it more than one month for taking licence. This study aims to describe the aspects of process accountability of service to the users. This study uses descriptive quantitative research, the researcher took the primary data includes survey, interview and observation, secondary data obtained from literature study and documentation. The results showed IMB service was not accountable, it is viewed by the disobedience of providers with applicable regulations, and public official is power oriented and less responsive in accommodating the public interest, less careful in serving the user and not available details of the cost of publishing licence.
Computing Parameter Estimates of a Homogeneous Nested Piecewise Linear Regression
Authors: Noskov S. I. , Belinskaya S. I.
Published: January 2024

Objective. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for identifying the parameters of a homogeneous nested piecewise linear regression model of the first type by the method of least modules. Method. Estimation of its unknown parameters is carried out with the help of reduction to the problem of linear Boolean programming. Its solution should not cause computational difficulties due to a significant number of effective software tools - for example, the well-established and freely available program LPsolve on the Internet. Result. The generated linear programming problem has an acceptable dimension for solving practical modeling problems. Conclusion. The results of solving a numerical example indicate the effectiveness of the method proposed in the work for calculating parameter estimates for a homogeneous nested piecewise linear regression model of the first type by the method of least modules.
The use of bituminous rocks and natural bitumens from a geonic point of view
Authors: Vysotskaya M. A. , Kurlykina A. V. , Tokarev V. A.
Published: January 2024

Objective. The purpose of the work is to study the experience of using bituminous rocks from various deposits for the preparation of hot asphalt concrete or extracting bitumen from rocks from the point of view of geonics. Method. The following research methods are used: systematization, description and analysis. The necessary data is formed on the basis of information obtained from the analysis of domestic and foreign articles related to the topic of natural bitumen and practical experience in extracting bitumen from tar sand for the preparation of hot asphalt concrete mixture using bituminous rocks without the use of petroleum bitumen from various fields. Result. Various works on the preparation of hot asphalt concrete and bitumen from bituminous rocks are considered. The results obtained showed that the use of bituminous rocks for the preparation of hot asphalt concrete and bitumen based on them is possible, and the properties of the resulting material comply with current quality standards. Conclusion. The dependence of the properties and chemical composition of the material on the deposit in which it was mined has been established.
Simplifying the Understanding and Measurement of Mental Disorders Thru a Comprehensive Framework of Psychosocial Health
Authors: Husain Waqar , Ijaz Farrukh , Husain Muhammad Ahmad , Zulfiqar Marwa , Khalique Javeria
Published: January 2024

The assessment of mental health and mental disorders has undergone extensive exploration within the field of psychology, resulting in various models and approaches. In addition to traditional ways like the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, psychologists have proposed alternative perspectives for evaluating mental health. One such innovative approach is the psychosocial health model, which defines mental well-being as sexual, emotional, social, environmental, cognitive, religious, moral, and spiritual satisfaction. This paper presents four consecutive studies aimed at developing and validating a new scale, Sukoon Psychosocial Illness Scale (SPIS), to measure psychosocial illness and its sub-factors based on the model of psychosocial health. SPIS was developed and validated through four sequential studies involving 684 participants. Rigorous exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to establish content and construct validity. Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed by examining associations with psychological distress and overall psychosocial health. Reliability was evaluated using internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and item-total and item-scale correlations. The results of the study confirm the high reliability and validity of SPIS. This refined instrument consists of 21 items presented in English, employing a 7-point Likert scale for responses. The scale comprises six distinct sub-scales, namely emotional problems, sexual problems, religious and moral problems, social problems, spiritual problems, and professional problems. SPIS emerges as a promising tool for future researchers and clinicians, offering a fresh perspective on mental disorders through the comprehensive lens of psychosocial health. This instrument contributes to the evolving landscape of mental health assessment and underscores the importance of considering diverse dimensions for a holistic understanding of psychosocial well-being.
Efecto bioestimulante de los microorganismos sobre la germinación in vitro de semillas híbridas de pimiento
Authors: Vera Rodríguez José Humberto , Barzallo Diego , Villamar Aveiga Mónica del Rocío , Barcia-Anchundia Johnny Xavier
Published: January 2024

Resumen
En Ecuador, el cultivo de pimiento es de gran importancia a nivel socioeconómico, ya que representa una fuente de ingresos para los agricultores. El propósito de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto bioestimulante de algunos microorganismos sobre la germinación in vitro de genotipos híbridos de semillas de pimiento Yolo Wonder y Marcono dulce largo. El experimento se realizó con un diseño completamente aleatorizado mediante cinco tratamientos, cinco repeticiones y quince unidades experimentales por repetición. Los tratamientos T0 (Control), T1 (Trichoderma harzianum), T2 (Azotobacter vinelandii), T3 (Bacillus polymyxa) y T4 (Azospirillum brasilense) se inocularon en cajas Petri con una almohadilla absorbente de poliestireno en concentración 1 x 109 UFC/ml con dosis de 35 mg/10 ml en agua destilada a la siembra y al séptimo día. Se evaluaron las variables porcentaje de germinación, emergencia de la radícula y el coleóptilo, peso de la plántula y longitud de la radícula y el coleóptilo. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante un análisis de varianza ANOVA y la comparación de medias de Tukey al 5 % de probabilidad de error. Se observaron efectos significativos sobre las variables estudiadas con la inoculación de las diferentes cepas de microorganismos, siendo el tratamiento T4 el que mostró mejores resultados, y no se obtuvieron diferencias al utilizar diversos genotipos de pimiento. Es importante destacar que esta investigación se realizó en condiciones específicas y con genotipos particulares de semillas de pimiento. Por lo tanto, los resultados pueden variar en otras condiciones y con diferentes genotipos bajo el efecto bioestimulante de los microorganismos sobre la germinación in vitro de semillas híbridas de pimiento.
Laboratory Data Timeliness and Completeness Improves Following Implementation of an Electronic Laboratory Information System in Côte d’Ivoire: Quasi-Experimental Study on 21 Clinical Laboratories From 2014 to 2020
Authors: He Yao , Kouabenan Yves-Rolland , Assoa Paul Henri , Puttkammer Nancy , Wagenaar Bradley H , Xiao Hong , Gloyd Stephen , Hoffman Noah G , Komena Pascal , Kamelan N'zi Pierre Fourier , Iiams-Hauser Casey , Pongathie Adama Sanogo , Kouakou Alain , Flowers Jan , Abiola Nadine , Kohemun Natacha , Amani Jean-Bernard , Adje-Toure Christiane , Perrone Lucy A
Published: January 2024

Background

The Ministry of Health in Côte d'Ivoire and the International Training and Education Center for Health at the University of Washington, funded by the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, have been collaborating to develop and implement the Open-Source Enterprise-Level Laboratory Information System (OpenELIS). The system is designed to improve HIV-related laboratory data management and strengthen quality management and capacity at clinical laboratories across the nation.

Objective

This evaluation aimed to quantify the effects of implementing OpenELIS on data quality for laboratory tests related to HIV care and treatment.

Methods

This evaluation used a quasi-experimental design to perform an interrupted time-series analysis to estimate the changes in the level and slope of 3 data quality indicators (timeliness, completeness, and validity) after OpenELIS implementation. We collected paper and electronic records on clusters of differentiation 4 (CD4) testing for 48 weeks before OpenELIS adoption until 72 weeks after. Data collection took place at 21 laboratories in 13 health regions that started using OpenELIS between 2014 and 2020. We analyzed the data at the laboratory level. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) by comparing the observed outcomes with modeled counterfactual ones when the laboratories did not adopt OpenELIS.

Results

There was an immediate 5-fold increase in timeliness (OR 5.27, 95% CI 4.33-6.41; P<.001) and an immediate 3.6-fold increase in completeness (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.40-5.37; P<.001). These immediate improvements were observed starting after OpenELIS installation and then maintained until 72 weeks after OpenELIS adoption. The weekly improvement in the postimplementation trend of completeness was significant (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.05; P<.001). The improvement in validity was not statistically significant (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.69-2.60; P=.38), but validity did not fall below pre-OpenELIS levels.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate the value of electronic laboratory information systems in improving laboratory data quality and supporting evidence-based decision-making in health care. These findings highlight the importance of OpenELIS in Côte d'Ivoire and the potential for adoption in other low- and middle-income countries with similar health systems.