bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Perempuan di Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Muafiah Evi
Published: June 2016

This article attempts to show women's education reality in pesantren, par-ticularly pesantren that administers the two institutions at the same time, the education for men and for women. This is certainly different from those car-ry out the education specific for women. Indonesia has started to open edu-cational opportunities for women at the time of R.A. Kartini, in which the previous women education was limited by the culture. The spirit to obtain education that equal with men was stated in her letters. Kartini had inspired some Indonesian women to get education as men. Later, some women who pioneered education for women appeared such as Rahmah el-Yunusiyah, Rangkayo Rasuna Said, Dewi Sartika etc. Each of them established a special school for girls with different studies taught.AbstrakTulisan ini berupaya menunjukkan beberapa realitas pendidikan perempuan di pesantren, utamanya pesantren yang mengelola dua lembaga sekaligus, yaitu pendidikan untuk laki-laki dan pendidikan untuk perempuan. Hal ini tentunya berbeda dengan pendidikan yang dilakukan di lembaga pendidikan yang memang didirikan khusus untuk perempuan. Indonesia dapat dikatakan telah mulai membuka peluang pendidikan bagi perempuan pada masa RA Kartini, dimana sebelumnya pendidikan bagi perempuan sangat dibatasi oleh budaya yang terjadi saat itu. Semangat untuk memperoleh pendidikan yang setara dengan para laki-laki tertuang dalam surat-surat-nya. Kartini telah memberikan inspirasi bagi beberapa perempuan di Indonesia untuk men-dapatkan pendidikan sebagaimana laki-laki. Hingga muncul pada masa-masa setelahnya beberapa perempuan yang mempelopori pendidikan bagi perem-puan itu sendiri. Sebut saja misalnya: Rahmah el-Yunusiyah, Rangkayo Rasuna Said, Dewi Sartika dan lain sebagainya, dimana masing-masing dari mereka mendirikan sekolah khusus bagi perempuan dengan berbagai kajian yang berbeda yang diajarkan di sekolah tersebut.
Hadis-Hadis tentang Peserta Didik
Authors: Dan Nur Hidayah Amiruddin Siahaan
Published: June 2016

This article explains that learners should earnestly seek  knowledge or perseverance in either theology or science. In addition, if the students have gained knowledge, then that knowledge should be employed well and teaches it to others. Meanwhile, science is only acquired by learning. Learner is one component input in the education system, which is further processed in the educational process, so that it becomes a qualified human in accordance with the national education goals. A student has a very important role in education. Itwas described in many traditions (hadis \ ) associated with virtue, character, and requirements of the learners. These hadis \ will be explained later in this article and will be takhri j to determine the position of these traditions. AbstrakArtikel ini menjelaskan bahwa peserta didik hendaknya bersungguh-sungguh atau tekun dalam mencari ilmu baik ilmu agama maupun ilmu pengetahuan. Selain itu peserta didik apabila telah mendapatkan ilmu, maka hendaknya ilmutersebut dipergunakannya dengan baik dan diajarkannya kepada orang lain. Ilmu hanya diperoleh dengan belajar. Peserta didik adalah salah satu komponen masukan dalam sistem pendidikan, yang selanjutnya diproses dalamproses pendidikan, sehingga menjadi manusia yang berkualitas sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan nasional. Seorang pelajar memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam pendidikan. Hal itu dijelaskan dalam banyak hadis yang berkaitan dengan kebajikan, karakter, dan persyaratan peserta didik. Hadis-hadis ini akan dijelaskan nanti dalam artikel ini dan akan di takhrij untuk mengetahui posisi hadis-hadis tersebut.
Madrasah: dari Nizamiyah hingga Pesisiran Jawa
Authors: Junaedi Mahfud
Published: June 2016

Growth and development in the Coastal Java madrasah in the early twentieth century until now generally spearheaded by scholars/religious leaders who graduated in Islamic centers in the Middle East. At first they established the boarding school, followed by the establishment of madrasah to the coast of Javacan be regarded as children of a boarding school. The educational institutions have bonding formation of madrasah was first built by  Niz{am al-Mulk in Baghdad in 1057, later known as madrasah  Nizamiyah . This school is an educational institution that aims to teach Fiqh Sunni schools. Institutions of higher education has become one of the eleventh century and became the blueprint for the development of similar madrasah in the Islamic world. Historically, madrasah in Java can not be separated from the Middle East, especially the relationshipHaramayn scholars of al-Azhar and Cairo with the students in Java, Indonesia.AbstrakPertumbuhan dan perkembangan madrasah di Pesisir Jawa pada awal abad ke XX hingga kini, umumnya dipelopori oleh para kiai atau tokoh agama yang menamatkan pendidikan di pusat-pusat Islam tersebut. Pada awalnya mereka mendirikan pondok pesantren, lalu diikuti dengan pendirian madrasah, sehinggamadrasah di pesisir Jawa bisa dikatakan sebagai anak-anak pesantren. Lembaga pendidikan ini memiliki ikatan dengan madrasah pertama kali dibangun oleh Niz{am al-Mulk di Baghdad pada tahun 1057, kemudian dikenal dengan madrasahNiz{amiyah. Madrasah ini merupakan lembaga pendidikan yang bertujuan untuk mengajarkan fikih mazhab Sunni. Lembaga pendidikan tinggi ini ada pada abad kesebelas dan menjadi cetak biru bagi pengembangan madrasah-madrasah serupadi dunia Islam. Secara historis, keberadaan madrasah di Jawa tidak dapat dipisahkan dari hubungan ulama Timur Tengah, khususnya Haramayn dan al- Azhar Kairo dengan para murid di Jawa, Indonesia.
Pengukuran Keimanan: Perspektif Psikologi
Authors: Shodiq Shodiq
Published: June 2016

Faith material is the basic and essential part of the learning goals in the context of strengthening the students' personalities, especially in teaching religious education. As the purpose of learning, faith must also be evaluated and measured so that it is known to what extent the learning objectives have beenachieved. The problem is how to evaluate and measure one's faith? Only Allah can measure and determine the degree of one's faith, don’t you? How to measure the faith will be discussed in this paper. This study would be useful for teachers in detecting an increase or decrease of the quality of students' faith in accordance with the indicators that have been determined. AbstrakPada konteks penguatan kepribadian siswa, materi keimanan dan ketakwaan merupakan bagian pokok dan penting dalam tujuan pembelajaran bagi siswa, khususnya pembelajaran pendidikan agama, tidak terkecuali Pendidikan AgamaIslam (PAI). Sebagai tujuan pembelajaran, keimanan juga harus dapat dievaluasi dan diukur sehingga dapat diketahui sejauh mana tujuan pembelajaran tersebut telah tercapai. Persoalannya adalah bagaimana mengevaluasi dan mengukurkeimanan seseorang? Tidakkah yang berhak mengukur dan menentukan derajat keimanan seseorang hanyalah Allah, Tuhan Yang Maha Tahu? Bagaimana mengukur keimanan inilah yang hendak dibahas dalam jurnal ini. Sehingga denganadanya kajian tentang penguatan keimanan secara psikologis, akan bermanfaat bagi guru dalam mendeteksi peningkatan atau penurunan kualitas keimanan anak didik sesuai indikator keimanan yang sudah ditentukan.
Problem dan Solusi Studi Mahasiswa Semester Tua
Authors: Raharjo Raharjo
Published: June 2016

This paper describes the problems of old-semester students in completing their study at the Faculty of Science of Islamic Education and Teaching (FITK) IAIN Walisongo Semarang. The study of exploratory qualitative approach involves 20 students from all courses taken by purposive random sampling with the tech-nique of questionnaires, interviews and documentations. The results are: (1) The problems faced by elderly semester students is a matter of academic and non-academic, namely working part time, participating organizations, teaching and unwarranted. (2) The problems are handled by the leaders of the faculty in-volved: (a) anticipatory since the beginning of their study and academic orienta-tion; (b) preventing for their study by the lecturer as supervisor; and (c) curating towards the end of the study by the head of the faculty. These steps are per-formed in order to provide opportunities for students to be able to pass and not threatened to drop out.AbstrakPaper ini menjelaskan permasalahan mahasiswa semester tua dalam menyelesaikan studinya di Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan (FITK) IAIN Walisongo Semarang. Kajian dengan pendekatan kualitatif eksploratif ini melibatkan 20 mahasiswa dari semua program studi yang diambil secara purposive random sampling dengan teknik angket, wawancara, dokumentasi. Hasilnya adalah bahwa: (1) Mahasiswa semester tua menghadapi masalah akademik dan nonakademik berupa kuliah kerja, ikut organisasi, mengajar dan tidak beralasan. (2) Penanganan yang dilakukan pimpinan lembaga meliputi: (a) antisipatif sejak awal masa studi dan orientasi akademik; (b) preventif selama studi oleh dosen pembimbing; dan kuratif menjelang akhir studi oleh pimpinan lembaga. Langkah-langkah ini dilakukan dalam rangka memberikan peluang kepada mahasiswa agar bisa lulus dan tidak terancam drop out.
Peran Guru Bimbingan Konseling dalam Membina Kecerdasan Emosional dan Spiritual Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Zainal Arifin Adita Pramanasari Dan
Published: June 2016

The background of this research is the need for Students with Special Needs (SBK) in SMP PGRI will Pity the extra handling of teacher Counseling (BK) in the development of Emotional and Spiritual Intelligence (ESQ). The results showed:First, SBK is emotionally not able to manage their emotions, but capable of fostering social relationships with both. Spiritually, SBK has not been able to practicewell, but was able to do good to both parents. Second, the role of teachers Counseling (BK) in fostering ESQ as: a communicator, facilitator, motivator and advisor. Third, the implementation of the BK inhibiting factors include: the student's family background differences, and differences in the characteristics of individual students. While supporting factors include: BK teacher morale in providing guidance and mentoring, and guardians AbstrakLatar belakang penelitian ini adalah kebutuhan Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus (SBK) di SMP PGRI Kasihan akan penanganan ekstra dari guru Bimbingan Konseling (BK) dalam pengembangan Kecerdasan Emosional dan Spiritual (ESQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Pertama, SBK secara emosional belum mampu mengelola emosi, namun mampu membina hubungan sosial dengan baik. Secaraspiritual, SBK belum mampu menjalankan ibadah dengan baik, namun mampu berbuat baik kepada kedua orang tua. Kedua, Peran guru Bimbingan Konseling (BK) dalam membina ESQ sebagai: komunikator, pendamping, motivator dan penasehat. Ketiga, faktor penghambat pelaksanaan BK meliputi: perbedaan latarbelakang keluarga siswa, dan perbedaan karakteristik individu siswa. Sedangkan faktor pendukungnya meliputi: semangat kerja guru BK dalam memberikan bimbingan, dan pendampingan, dan wali murid.
Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik oleh Kepala Madrasah Aliyah Swasta di Kabupaten Sukabumi Jawa Barat
Authors: Nugraha Mulyawan Safwandy
Published: June 2016

This study discusses the implementation of the academic supervision conducted by principal of Private Madrasah Aliyah of Cisaat Sukabumi. The results of this study concluded that the implementation of the academic supervision conducted by the principals are not systematic and not preprogrammed, so that teachers do not feel any relief from the headmaster in improving the quality of learning. This is due to the low competence of the principals in academic supervision and they tended to judge and find fault with teachers without providing advice and solu-tions. however, the principals have a plan/program of supervision, commitment and high motivation, seek to meet the performance assessment of supervisors. Based on the above, it needs guidance in the form of education and training to increase the competence of the principals of the madrasah, and giving reward to the successful principals.AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang pelaksanaan supervisi akademik kepala Madra-sah di Madrasah Aliyah Swasta Kecamatan Cisaat Kabupaten Sukabumi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan supervisi akademik yang dila-kukan oleh kepala madrasah tidak sistematis dan tidak terprogram, sehingga guru-guru tidak merasakan adanya bantuan dari kepala madrasah dalam peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kompetensi supervisi akademik kepala madrasah yang rendah dan cenderung menilai dan mencari kesalahan guru tanpa memberikan saran dan solusi. Walaupun demikian, kepala madrasah memi-liki rencana/program supervisi, komitmen dan motivasinya tinggi, berupaya untuk memenuhi penilaian kinerja kepala madrasah dari pengawas madrasah. Berda-sarkan penjelasan di atas, maka perlu diadakan pembinaan berupa pendidikan dan pelatihan untuk peningkatan kompetensi kepala madrasah, dan pemberian reward terhadap Kepala Madrasah yang berprestasi.
Perioperative Pneumoperitoneum after Lobectomy - Bilobectomy operations for Lung Cancer: A prospective study
Authors: Nabi Muhammad Shoaib , Bilal Aamir , Farooq Khalid
Published: June 2016

The aim of this study is to identify the effectiveness of perioperative pneumoperitoneum to prevent air leak after the lobectomy-bilobectomy operations for lung cancer. A prospective study was designed on consecutive 50 patients who had lobectomy-bilobectomy operations for lung cancer and whose remnant lung had failed to fill the half of the hemithoracic cavity under 30 Cm H20 positive pressure ventilation during the operation with totally relaxed diaphragm. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1(25 patients) with perioperative pneumoperitoneum, group 2(25 patients) without perioperative pneumoperitoneum. The statistical analysis between the two groups did not show any significant difference in terms of age, preoperative FEV1, and the type of resection. Perioperative pneumoperitoneum significantly reduced the duration of postoperative air leak (2.2+/-1.15 day versus 6.04+/- 3.16 days<0.0001) and total chest tube drainage time (3.84 +/-0.98 day versus 7.88+/-3.16 days p<0.001). Perioperative pneumoperitoneum after lobectomy-bilobectomy operations for lung cancer is an effective method to decrease air leak and chest tube drainage time.
Conceptual Change in the law of Medicolegal Certification of injuries
Authors: Khan Delawar , Aziz Khalid , Khalil Inayar Ur
Published: June 2016

The Laws relating the offences against the human body has completely changed with the promulgation of the Criminal Law Ordinance, commonly called Qisas and Diyat Law but the doctors in their medicolegal certificates still express their opinions according to the previous law, which causes problem for the courts to assess the true nature of injury. This practice should immediately be stopped as it confuses the facts, dims the issue and hinders the dispensation of justice. Qisas and Diyat Law has introduced new classification of hurt (injury), which is more clear and elaborate. Besides, this law has provided compensation for physical sufferings due to criminal hurts for the first time in Pakistan. The provisions for the grant of compensation for criminal damages are Arsh, Daman and diyat. In addition there is a provision of qisas. These legal terms should be clearly understood before undertaking medico legal certification.
Removal of tetracycline antibiotic from contaminated water media by multi-walled carbon nanotubes: operational variables, kinetics, and equilibrium studies
Authors: Babaei Ali Akbar , Lima Eder C. , Takdastan Afshin , Alavi Nadali , Goudarzi Gholamreza , Vosoughi Mehdi , Hassani Ghasem , Shirmardi Mohammad
Published: June 2016

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were purified and oxidized by a 4 mol L−1 mixture of H2SO4:H2O2 and then were used as adsorbent for tetracycline (TC) adsorption from aqueous solutions. The purified MWCNTs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. The adsorption of TC onto the MWCNT was investigated as a function of the initial pH of the solution, adsorbent dosage, and background electrolyte cations and anions. The results of the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that Fe3+ ion significantly affected and decreased TC adsorption onto the MWCNT (P-value < 0.05), while other studied cations and anions did not affect TC adsorption (P-value>0.05). Nonlinear pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, general order, and Avrami fractionary-order kinetic models were used to investigate the kinetics of TC adsorption. The fractionary-order kinetic model provided the best fit to experimental data. In addition, the adsorption isotherms data were well described by nonlinear equation of the Liu isotherm model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 253.38 mg g−1. The results of this study indicate that the oxidized MWCNTs can be used as an effective adsorbent for TC removal from aqueous solutions.
Predictores de depresión posparto en puerperas atendidas en la ese municipal. Villavicencio. 2014
Authors: Tobón-Borrero Luz Myriam
Published: June 2016

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los predictores de la depresión posparto. Se realizaron visitas domiciliares a las maternas que asistieron a la cita de puerperio en las IPS´s de la ESE Municipal de Villavicencio durante los meses de febrero y marzo de 2014. Diseño descriptivo de corte transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra no probabilística de 34 mujeres puérperas atendidas en la IPS La Esperanza, Porfía, Morichal y Popular de la E.S.E Municipal de Villavicencio; Instrumento fue la Escala de Detección Sistemática de Depresión Posparto (PDSS) de Cheryl Tatano y colaboradores. Resultados. En la evaluación de la probabilidad de presencia de síntomas agrupados en dimensiones y su asociación con DPSS los hallazgos en la muestra estudio (n=32), determinaron significancia en tres de las siete: labilidad emocional, culpa/vergüenza y ansiedad/inseguridad. Se partió desde una perspectiva bilateral, esto es, desde la hipótesis alternativa que consistió en asumir que existen diferencias en la prevalencia de la DPSS según la presencia de las diferentes dimensiones, grupos de síntomas, que presentaban las usuarias
Conocimiento de enfermería sobre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y su prevención
Authors: Camacho-Rodríguez Doriam , González-Ruíz Gisela
Published: June 2016

Identificar el nivel de conocimientos de los profesionales de Enfermería de una Institución de salud de primer nivel de atención sobre el consumo sustancias psicoactivas y su prevención. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en el que participaron los profesionales de Enfermería de una Institución prestadora de servicios de salud pública de primer nivel de atención de Santa Marta Colombia. Como resultado se encontró que el nivel de conocimientos sobre generalidades y prevención es medio ( =3,8) y ( =3,3) respectivamente, predominando el conocimiento sobre sustancias legales ( =4.0) y factores de riesgo y protectores ( =4.9).  Se evidencia un nivel de conocimientos medio sobre el tema de prevención de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas.
Portación faringea de Streptococcus pyogenes y perfiles de sensibilidad en escolares de Cartagena
Authors: Villafañe-Ferrer Lucy Margarita , Castro-Orozco Raimundo
Published: June 2016

Determinar la frecuencia de portación faríngea de S. pyogenes y sus perfiles de sensibilidad a antibióticos en escolares de la ciudad de Cartagena. Estudio transversal analítico; la muestra estuvo conformada por 131 niños. Las cepas de Streptococcus pyogenes fueron identificadas por métodos convencionales. La sensibilidad a antibióticos fue determinada por el método de Kirby-Bauer. Se aplicó una encuesta para identificar condiciones de riesgo asociados a la portación nasal. De la población estudiada, el 19,8% fueron portadores de la bacteria. Se obtuvieron 26 aislamientos de Streptococcus pyogenes. Al evaluar la sensibilidad antimicrobiana, se encontró que fueron principalmente sensibles a Ceftriaxona y Eritromicina (84,6% para cada uno).  El 23,1 % (6/26) de los aislamientos fueron resistentes a ampicilina. No se encontró asociación significativa entre el estado de portación y la presencia de  factores de riesgo (p>0,05). Se encontraron cepas resistentes a los antibióticos considerados de primera elección para el tratamiento de infecciones por esta bacteria.
Láser de diodo; opción terapéutica para liquen plano erosivo resistente a corticoterapia: reporte de caso
Authors: Espitia-Nieto Sandra Milena , Gómez-Romero Miguel Ángel , Vargas-Pérez Javier Andrés
Published: June 2016

La terapia láser es una nueva opción de tratamiento por sus propiedades analgésicas, anti-inflamatorias y bioestimulantes y sin efectos adversos significativos, para patologías como el liquen plano oral en su forma erosiva, caracterizada por presentar úlceras crónicas y dolorosas con posibilidad de malignización, que obliga a una terapia adecuada. Este artículo reporta el caso clínico teniendo en cuenta las consideraciones éticas enmarcadas en la ley 008430 de 1993 de una paciente femenina de 50 años de edad con diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de liquen plano oral erosivo que recibió tratamiento inicial con corticoides local y sistémico sin mejoría en siete meses; razón por la cual se optó por terapia de bioestimulación con láser de diodo 980nm, mostrando reducción significativa en la gravedad de las lesiones y disminución del dolor desde el primer ciclo de irradiación. El láser de diodo es un tratamiento seguro y efectivo en este tipo de enfermedades porque promueve la cicatrización, por tanto, puede ser considerado como una excelente alternativa en casos de liquen plano oral resistentes a la corticoterapia.
Percepción de los hombres ante la aceptación o rechazo de la vasectomía. Cartagena 2013
Authors: Fernández Aragón Shirley , Ruydiaz Gómez Keydis , Baza Maestre Gloria , Berrio Ayala Dayelis , Rosales Barrios Yoel
Published: June 2016

La vasectomía es un procedimiento complejo que afecta la vida sexual de los hombres. Ante esta práctica existe una serie de mitos con respecto a la pérdida de virilidad o vigor sexual entre aquellos varones que se atreven a realizarse dicha intervención quirúrgica. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de los hombres ante la práctica de la vasectomía en tres barrios de Cartagena en el año 2013. Metodología: Estudio de tipo descriptivo, discriminado así: En la fase inicial, se identificaron las características sociodemográficas y el nivel de conocimiento de los 162 participantes, distribuidos por 54 en cada barrio; en la segunda fase, se utilizó una muestra de 30 participantes, discriminados en 10 por cada barrio. Se utilizó un instrumento de 22 preguntas cerradas con justificación que describían los mitos y creencias ante la vasectomía. Resultados: La vasectomía es más aceptada entre los hombres de edades de 25-35 años que muestran mayor interés a la hora de participar en el control de la natalidad; por el contrario, un bajo porcentaje entre hombres de 20-25 años estarían dispuestos a realizarse el procedimiento Conclusiones: Son pocos los hombres que tienen mitos y creencias acerca del procedimiento quirúrgico masculino de planificación familiar consistente en la vasectomía.
Ultrafiltration Rates and the Quality Incentive Program: Proposed Measure Definitions and Their Potential Dialysis Facility Implications
Authors: Flythe Jennifer E. , Assimon Magdalene M. , Wenger Julia B. , Wang Lily
Published: June 2016

Background and objectives

Rapid ultrafiltration rates are associated with adverse outcomes among patients on hemodialysis. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is considering an ultrafiltration rate quality measure for the ESRD Quality Incentive Program. Two measure developers proposed ultrafiltration rate measures with different selection criteria and specifications. We aimed to compare the proposed ultrafiltration rate measures and quantify dialysis facility operational burden if treatment times were extended to lower ultrafiltration rates.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Data were taken from the 2012 database of a large dialysis organization. Analyses of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services measure considered 148,950 patients on hemodialysis, and analyses of the Kidney Care Quality Alliance measure considered 151,937 patients. We described monthly patient and facility ultrafiltration rates and examined differences in patient characteristics across ultrafiltration rate thresholds and differences in facilities across ultrafiltration rate measure scores. We computed the additional treatment time required to lower ultrafiltration rates <13 ml/h per kilogram.

Results

Ultrafiltration rates peaked in winter and nadired in summer. Patients with higher ultrafiltration rates were younger; more likely to be women, nonblack, Hispanic, and lighter in weight; and more likely to have histories of heart failure compared with patients with lower ultrafiltration rates. Facilities had, on average, 20.8%±10.3% (July) to 22.8%±10.6% (February) of patients with ultrafiltration rates >13 ml/h per kilogram by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services monthly measure. Facilities had, on average, 15.8%±8.2% of patients with ultrafiltration rates ≥13 ml/h per kilogram by the Kidney Care Quality Alliance annual measure. Larger facilities (>100 patients) would require, on average, 33 additional treatment hours per week to lower all facility ultrafiltration rates <13 ml/h per kilogram when total treatment time is capped at 4 hours.

Conclusions

Ultrafiltration rates vary seasonally and across clinical subgroups. Extension of treatment time as a strategy to lower ultrafiltration rates may pose facility operational challenges. Prospective studies of ultrafiltration rate threshold implementation are needed.
Correlation between visual acuity, external limiting membrane and photoreceptor status in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration treated with bevacizumab
Authors: Ristic Dragana , Vukosavljevic Miroslav , Kontic Marko , Ristic Petar , Bokonjic Dubravko , Janicijevic-Petrovic Mirjana , Adzic-Zecevic Antoaneta , Janicijevic Katarina
Published: June 2016

Background/Aim. The integrity of outer retinal structures, primarily the photoreceptor layer, is important because of its direct correlation with visual acuity. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the foveal photoreceptorinner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction and external limiting membrane (ELM) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD) after the treatment with bevacizumab, as well as the correlation between the above-mentioned parameters and different types of neovascular membrane, classified by fluorescein angiography (FA). Methods. The study included 82 patients with NVAMD, treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. All patients underwent a basic ophthalmological examination, FA and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Based on the results of FA, all the patients were divided into two main groups ? type I (the occult and minimally classic) and type II (classic and predominantly classic) of the choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV). The OCT images revealed either the presence or the absence of IS/OS and ELM. Results. After the treatment, the mean best corrected visual acuity improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.01). Preserved IS/OS and ELM were registered in a smaller number of patients as compared to the condition before the treatment (p < 0.01). After the treatment, the mean BCVA was significantly better in patients with preserved IS/OS and ELM (p < 0.01). In addition, we registered a higher number of patients with preserved ELM in the first group than in the second group (p < 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in the integrity of IS/OS between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion. The patients with preserved IS/OS and ELM achieved better final visual acuity as compared to the patients without preserved IS/OS and ELM. In our patients, the absence of IS/OS and ELM were more frequent in type II (classic and predominantly classic) CNV than in type I (the occult and minimally classic) CNV.
Combined bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP and 99mTc-ciprofloxacin in differentiation of hip and knee prosthesis aseptic loosening and infection: A preliminary study
Authors: Pucar Dragan , Jankovic Zoran , Bascarevic Zoran , Starcevic Srdjan , Cizmic Milica , Radulovic Marija , Sisic Marija , Dugonjic Sanja , Jaukovic Ljiljana , Ajdinovic Boris
Published: June 2016

Background/Aim. Although the number of new primary implantation of hip and knee prostheses every year increases, the rate of failed arthroplasty is nearly the same. The main question is whether it is an aseptic instability or instability caused by infection. The aim of this preliminary study was an attempt with combined 99mTc-ciprofloxacin and 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scintigraphy to improve diagnostic accuracy in the differentiation of hip and knee prosthesis aseptic loosening and periprosthetic joint infection. Methods. Inclusion criteria of patients for this study were based on suspected periprosthetic joint infection: painful prosthetic joint, restricted joint movements and increased value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate or levels of C-reactive protein. We examined 20 patients with implanted 14 hip and 6 knee prosthesis. All patients also underwent plain radiography of suspected joint. In all patients, three-phase 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy was performed. Three to five days after the bone scan, we performed scintigraphy using 99mTc-ciprofloxacin with the calculation of accumulation index. Periprosthetic joint infection was confirmed on the basis of microbiological findings. Results. Periprosthetic joint infection was confirmed in fourteen of twenty observed joints, in five of them the aseptic loosening was present and in one patient?s symptoms were not related to the prosthesis (poor biomechanics of prosthetic joints caused by weaknesses of muscle). Estimated sensitivity/specificity for 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy alone were 100/17%; for 99mTc-ciprofloxacin scintigraphy were 85,7/100%. Sensitivity and specificity were 92,3% and 83,3%, respectively for results obtained with combined assessment by both methods. Our study confirmed the high negative predictive value of 99mTc-MDP bone scan. The negative result of bone scan virtually excludes the possibility of periprosthetic infection. On the other hand, positive findings of 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy cannot with certainty confirm the infection. Conclusion. Combined 99mTc-MDP scintigraphy with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin scintigraphy significantly increases the ability of differentiation of aseptic loosening from periprosthetic joint infection.
Outcome Measures for Artificial Pancreas Clinical Trials: A Consensus Report
Authors: Maahs David M. , Buckingham Bruce A. , Castle Jessica R. , Cinar Ali , Damiano Edward R. , Dassau Eyal , DeVries J. Hans , Doyle Francis J. , Griffen Steven C. , Haidar Ahmad , Heinemann Lutz , Hovorka Roman , Jones Timothy W. , Kollman Craig , Kovatchev Boris , Levy Brian L. , Nimri Revital , O’Neal David N. , Philip Moshe , Renard Eric , Russell Steven J. , Weinzimer Stuart A. , Zisser Howard , Lum John W.
Published: June 2016

Research on and commercial development of the artificial pancreas (AP) continue to progress rapidly, and the AP promises to become a part of clinical care. In this report, members of the JDRF Artificial Pancreas Project Consortium in collaboration with the wider AP community 1) advocate for the use of continuous glucose monitoring glucose metrics as outcome measures in AP trials, in addition to HbA1c, and 2) identify a short set of basic, easily interpreted outcome measures to be reported in AP studies whenever feasible. Consensus on a broader range of measures remains challenging; therefore, reporting of additional metrics is encouraged as appropriate for individual AP studies or study groups. Greater consistency in reporting of basic outcome measures may facilitate the interpretation of study results by investigators, regulatory bodies, health care providers, payers, and patients themselves, thereby accelerating the widespread adoption of AP technology to improve the lives of people with type 1 diabetes.
Clinical characteristics and public health management of invasive meningococcal group W disease in the East Midlands region of England, United Kingdom, 2011 to 2013
Authors: Bethea Jane , Makki Sophia , Gray Steve , MacGregor Vanessa , Ladhani Shamez
Published: June 2016

In England and Wales, meningococcal disease caused by group W has historically been associated with outbreaks of disease among travellers to high-risk countries. Following a large outbreak associated with travel to the Hajj in 2000, the number of cases declined and, in 2008, only 19 laboratory-confirmed cases were identified nationally. In 2013, in the East Midlands region of England, eight cases of meningococcal disease caused by this serogroup were recorded, compared with six from 2011 to 2012. To explore this further, data for all cases with a date of onset between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2013 were collected. Data collected included geographical location, clinical presentation and outcome. Fourteen cases were identified; two died as a result of their illness and two developed long-term health problems. No commonality in terms of geographical location, shared space or activities was identified, suggesting that group W is circulating endemically with local transmission. Clinical presentation was variable. Half presented with symptoms not typical of a classical meningococcal disease, including two cases of cellulitis, which may have implications for clinicians, in terms of timely identification and treatment, and public health specialists, for offering timely antibiotic chemoprophylaxis to close contacts.
Social Tourism: An Alternative Tourism in Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Him Lal
Published: June 2016

Tourism, an expanding worldwide phenomenon is one of the largest industries and all countries are keenly interested in promoting tourism, although with different objectives. Social tourism is one of  the  least unexplored area in Nepal, if implemented promptly, would contribute significantly in economy and employment. The government should have social tourism policy so that it can be implemented and the activities of tourists and host organizations can be monitored. The policy should outline the role and responsibility, accountability, criteria and minimum standard of tourists and host organizations, and visa policy for the social tourists.The Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Vol.6 2014 pp.98-118
A Wigner Function Approach to Coherence in a Talbot-Lau Interferometer
Authors: Imhof Eric , Stickney James , Squires Matthew
Published: June 2016

Using a thermal gas, we model the signal of a trapped interferometer. This interferometer uses two short laser pulses, separated by time T, which act as a phase grating for the matter waves. Near time 2 T , there is an echo in the cloud’s density due to the Talbot-Lau effect. Our model uses the Wigner function approach and includes a weak residual harmonic trap. The analysis shows that the residual potential limits the interferometer’s visibility, shifts the echo time of the interferometer, and alters its time dependence. Loss of visibility can be mitigated by optimizing the initial trap frequency just before the interferometer cycle begins.
Constant Slope Maps and the Vere-Jones Classification
Authors: Bobok Jozef , Bruin Henk
Published: June 2016

We study continuous countably-piecewise monotone interval maps and formulate conditions under which these are conjugate to maps of constant slope, particularly when this slope is given by the topological entropy of the map. We confine our investigation to the Markov case and phrase our conditions in the terminology of the Vere-Jones classification of infinite matrices.
InAlGaN/GaN HEMTs at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: Dogmus Ezgi , Kabouche Riad , Lepilliet Sylvie , Linge Astrid , Zegaoui Malek , Ben-Ammar Hichem , Chauvat Marie-Pierre , Ruterana Pierre , Gamarra Piero , Lacam Cédric , Tordjman Maurice , Medjdoub Farid
Published: June 2016

We report on the electron transport properties of two-dimensional electron gas confined in a quaternary barrier InAlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure down to cryogenic temperatures for the first time. A state-of-the-art electron mobility of 7340 cm2·V−1·s−1 combined with a sheet carrier density of 1.93 × 1013 cm−2 leading to a remarkably low sheet resistance of 44 Ω/□ are measured at 4 K. A strong improvement of Direct current (DC) and Radio frequency (RF) characteristics is observed at low temperatures. The excellent current and power gain cutoff frequencies (fT/fmax) of 65/180 GHz and 95/265 GHz at room temperature and 77 K, respectively, using a 0.12 μm technology confirmed the outstanding 2DEG properties.
Case Study—Based Overview of Some Contemporary Challenges to Power Quality in Ship Systems
Authors: Mindykowski Janusz
Published: June 2016

The content of this paper consists of a presentation and discussion on a case study-based overview of some selected challenges dealing with a problem of power quality on ships. As a consequence, the theoretical considerations are aided by experimental results based mainly on the author’s research team experience and achievements. Two basic aspects, assessment and improvement of power quality are taken into account. In the process of power quality assessment, the existing ambiguities are analyzed and discussed, after that the undertaken measures and challenges to overcome them are presented. The ways of improving of power quality on ships are described and analyzed in two layers: technological solutions and the staff competences. Expectations and challenges for the future based on developments of both, legal and professional aspects are focused on the key question: how to reduce a risk of ship accidents. Finally, the future works as well as the concluding remarks are formulated and commented on.
Plastic Behavior of Metallic Damping Materials under Cyclical Shear Loading
Authors: Zhang Chaofeng , Wang Longfei , Wu Meiping , Zhao Junhua
Published: June 2016

Metallic shear panel dampers (SPDs) have been widely adopted in seismic engineering. In this study, axial and torsional specimens of four types of metallic damping materials, including three conventional metallic steels as well as low yield strength steel 160 (LYS160), were tested in order to investigate the material response under repeated large plastic strain and low cycle fatigue between 10 and 30 cycles. The present study demonstrated that both the deformation capacity and fatigue performance of LYS160 were underestimated by the conversion from the traditional uniaxial tensile test. The main difference in the failure mechanism between LYS160 and the three conventional materials was determined from the scanning electron microscopy data. The dominant failure mode in LYS160 is stable interlaminate slip and not bucking. Our results provide physical insights into the origin of the large deformation capacity, which is an important foundation for the lightweight design of SPDs.
An Ingenol Derived from Euphorbia kansui Induces Hepatocyte Cytotoxicity by Triggering G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Regulating the Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway in Vitro
Authors: Yan Xiaojing , Zhang Li , Cao Yudan , Yao Weifeng , Tang Yuping , Ding Anwei
Published: June 2016

Natural product lingenol, a purified diterpenoid compound derived from the root of Euphorbia kansui, exerts serious hepatotoxicity; however, the molecular mechanisms remain to be defined. In the present study, cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), inverted phase contrast microscope and flow cytometry were used to demonstrate that lingenol significantly inhibited L-O2 cells proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, the results investigated that lingenol markedly disrupted mitochondrial functions by high content screening (HCS). In addition, the up-regulation of cytochrome c, AIF and Apaf-1 and activation of caspases were found in L-O2 cells detected by Western blotting and ELISA assay, which was required for lingenol activation of cytochrome c-mediated caspase cascades and AIF-mediated DNA damage. Mechanistic investigations revealed that lingenol significantly down-regulated the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and enhanced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in L-O2 cells. These data collectively indicated that lingenol modulation of ROS and Bcl-2/Bax ratio led to cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in L-O2 cells in vitro. All of these results will be helpful to reveal the hepatotoxicity mechanism of Euphorbia kansui and to effectively guide safer and better clinical application of this herb.
Uprolides N, O and P from the Panamanian Octocoral Eunicea succinea
Authors: Torres-Mendoza Daniel , González Yisett , Gómez-Reyes José , Guzmán Héctor , López-Perez José , Gerwick William , Fernandez Patricia , Gutiérrez Marcelino
Published: June 2016

Three new diterpenes, uprolide N (1), uprolide O (2), uprolide P (3) and a known one, dolabellane (4), were isolated from the CH2Cl2-MeOH extract of the gorgonian octocoral Eunicea succinea, collected from Bocas del Toro, on the Caribbean coast of Panama. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) together with molecular modeling studies. Compounds 1–3 displayed anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting production of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Interleukin (IL)-6 induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in murine macrophages.
Nutritional Intake and Status of Cobalamin and Folate among Non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Bhaktapur, Nepal
Authors: Chandyo Ram , Ulak Manjeswori , Sommerfelt Halvor , Schneede Jørn , Ueland Per , Strand Tor
Published: June 2016

Cobalamin and folate are especially important for women of childbearing age due to their ubiquitous role in fetal growth and development. Population-based data on cobalamin and folate status are lacking from Nepal, where diets are mostly vegetarian. The objectives of the study were to investigate cobalamin and folate intake and status, and to explore associations with socio-demographics, anthropometrics, anemia, and dietary habits. Following a random selection of geographical clusters, we collected blood samples from 500 non-pregnant women and 24-h dietary recalls and food frequency questionnaires from a subsample of 379 women. Twenty percent of the women did not consume any food containing cobalamin during the days recalled, and in 72% nutritional cobalamin intake was <1 μg/day. Eighty-four percent of the women had cobalamin intake lower than the estimated average requirement (EAR) (<2 μg/day). In contrast, only 12% of the women had a folate intake less than 100 μg per day, whereas 62% had intake between 100 and 320 μg. Low plasma cobalamin (<150 pmol/L) was found in 42% of the women, most of whom (88%) also had elevated levels of methylmalonic acid. Our results indicated a high prevalence of nutritional cobalamin deficiency, while folate deficiency was uncommon.
Flavones: From Biosynthesis to Health Benefits
Authors: Jiang Nan , Doseff Andrea , Grotewold Erich
Published: June 2016

Flavones correspond to a flavonoid subgroup that is widely distributed in the plants, and which can be synthesized by different pathways, depending on whether they contain C- or O-glycosylation and hydroxylated B-ring. Flavones are emerging as very important specialized metabolites involved in plant signaling and defense, as well as key ingredients of the human diet, with significant health benefits. Here, we appraise flavone formation in plants, emphasizing the emerging theme that biosynthesis pathway determines flavone chemistry. Additionally, we briefly review the biological activities of flavones, both from the perspective of the functions that they play in biotic and abiotic plant interactions, as well as their roles as nutraceutical components of the human and animal diet.
The Occurrence of Flavonoids and Related Compounds in Flower Sections of Papaver nudicaule
Authors: Dudek Bettina , Warskulat Anne-Christin , Schneider Bernd
Published: June 2016

Flavonoids play an important role in the pigmentation of flowers; in addition, they protect petals and other flower parts from UV irradiation and oxidative stress. Nudicaulins, flavonoid-derived indole alkaloids, along with pelargonidin, kaempferol, and gossypetin glycosides, are responsible for the color of white, red, orange, and yellow petals of different Papaver nudicaule cultivars. The color of the petals is essential to attract pollinators. We investigated the occurrence of flavonoids in basal and apical petal areas, stamens, and capsules of four differently colored P. nudicaule cultivars by means of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. The results reveal the specific occurrence of gossypetin glycosides in the basal spot of all cultivars and demonstrate that kaempferol glycosides are the major secondary metabolites in the capsules. Unlike previous reports, the yellow-colored stamens of all four P. nudicaule cultivars are shown to contain not nudicaulins but carotenoids. In addition, the presence of nudicaulins, pelargonidin, and kaempferol glycosides in the apical petal area was confirmed. The flavonoids and related compounds in the investigated flower parts and cultivars of P. nudicaule are profiled, and their potential ecological role is discussed.
Molecularly Imprinted Nanofiber Film for Sensitive Sensing 2,4,6-Tribromophenol
Authors: Huang Limei , Li Meishan , Wu Dan , Ma Xiuling , Wu Zhenyue , Xiang Shengchang , Chen Sheng
Published: June 2016

The determination of brominated flame retardants is of great importance, but remains a challenge. Particularly, universal and facile approaches are limited. Here we report a new general approach, combining molecular imprinting and electrospinning, for the efficient and facile imprinting sensor of 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP), which was used as a “novel” brominated flame retardant. With TBP as the template molecular, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as the functional monomer, and poly-vinylbutyral (PVB) as the electro-spinning matrix, the nanofiber film was deposited on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via electrospinning technique directly. The β-CD-PVB/GCE sensor system exhibited excellent TBP sensing performances, such as a low detection limit (6.29 × 10−10 mol·L−1) at room temperature, selective recognition to TBP/phenol/4-methyl-phenol, and good regeneration performance. The approach of fabricating a molecular imprinting nanofiber sensor may shed new light in the detection of other phenolic pollutants.