bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maturation and substrate processing topography of the Plasmodium falciparum invasion/egress protease plasmepsin X
Authors: Goldberg Daniel , Mukherjee Sumit , Sharma Eashan
Published: January 2022

During the intravascular stage of infection, the malaria parasite Plasmodium invades a host erythrocyte, multiplies within a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) and exits upon rupture of the PV and erythrocyte membranes in a process known as egress. Both egress and invasion are controlled by effector proteins discharged from specialized secretory organelles. The aspartic protease plasmepsin X (PM X) regulates activity for many of these effectors, but it is unclear how PM X accesses its diverse substrates that reside in different organelles. PM X also processes itself to generate different isoforms that remain present in terminal schizonts. The function of these different forms is not understood. We have mapped the autoprocessing cleavage sites and constructed parasites with cleavage site mutations. Surprisingly, all the cleavage mutant forms of PM X, including a quadruple mutant that remained full-length, retained in vitro activity, were trafficked normally in the parasites, and supported parasite growth and normal egress and invasion. Further analysis showed that the N-terminal half of the prodomain stays bound to the catalytic domain even after processing and is required for proper folding and intracellular trafficking of PM X. We find that this enzyme cleaves microneme and exoneme substrates before discharge, possibly in a common precursor organelle, while the rhoptry substrates that are dependent on PM X activity are cleaved after exoneme discharge into the PV. The data give insight into the temporal, spatial and biochemical control of this unusual but important aspartic protease.
Time-sensitive Prefrontal Involvement in Associating Confidence With Task Performance Illustrates Metacognitive Introspection in Monkeys
Authors: Cai Yudian , Jin Zhiyong , Zhai Chenxi , Wang Huiming , Wang Jijun , Tang Yingying , Kwok Sze Chai
Published: January 2022

Metacognition refers to the ability to be aware of one’s own cognition. Ample evidence indicates that metacognition in the human primate is highly dissociable from cognition, specialized across domains, and subserved by distinct neural substrates. However, these aspects remain relatively understudied in macaque monkeys. In the present study, we investigated the functionality of macaque metacognition by combining a confidence proxy, hierarchical Bayesian meta-d′ computational modelling, and a single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation technique. We found that Brodmann area 46d (BA46d) played a critical role in supporting metacognition independent of task performance; we also found that the critical role in of this region in meta-calculation was time-sensitive. Additionally, we report that macaque metacognition is highly domain-specific with respect to memory and perception decisions. These findings carry implications for our understanding of metacognitive introspection within the primate lineage.
Newborn skin maturity models for gestational age prediction
Authors: Reis Zilma Silveira Nogueira , Guimarães Rodney Nascimento , Romanelli Roberta Maia de Castro , Gaspar Juliano de Souza , Neves Gabriela Silveira , Vale Marynea Silva do , Nader Paulo de Jesus H , de Moura Martha David Rocha , Vitral Gabriela Luíza Nogueira , Reis Marconi Augusto Aguiar dos , Pereira Marcia Margarida Mendonça , Marques Patrícia Franco , Nader Silvana Salgado , Harff Augusta Luize , Beleza Ludmylla de Oliveira , de Castro Maria Eduarda Canellas , Souza Rayner Guilherme , Pappa Gisele Lobo , de Aguiar Regina Amélia Pessoa Lopes
Published: January 2022

A multicenter clinical trial evaluated the accuracy of a novel device to detect preterm newborns. A portable multiband reflectance photometric device assessed 781 newborns’ skin maturity and used machine learning models to predict reference gestational age, adjusting it to birth weight and antenatal corticosteroid therapy exposure. The day difference between the reference and the test had a median of -1.4 (IQR: -2.1). Using established methods such as comparator ultrasound and last menstrual period (LMP), the medians were 0 (IQR: 4) and 0.01 (IQR: 4), respectively. For prematurity discrimination, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.986 (95% CI: 0.977 to 0.994). In newborns with absent or unreliable LMP, the intent-to-discriminate analysis showed that the test generated correct classifications 95.8% of the time. The assessment of the newborn's skin maturity adjusted by learning models promises accurate pregnancy dating at birth without the use of antenatal ultrasound reference.
The Effect of Isometric Hip External Rotation on Lower Extremity Muscles Activities During Pelvic Drop With Different Positions of the Hip Rotation in Subjects With and Without Genu Valgum: Controlled Laboratory Study
Authors: piran Roghayeh Jalil , Babakhani Farideh , Balochi Ramin , Hatefi Mohamadreza
Published: January 2022

Background: Gluteus medius muscle (Gmed) dysfunction has been confirmed as a functional defect in subjects with Genu Valgum Deformity (GVD). In relation to these subjects, increase Gmed activity without synergist muscles dominance is considered as part of a specialized exercise program. Methods: A total of thirty female recreational athletes with (n=15) and without (n=15) GVD participated in this study. Surface electromyography measured Gmed, tensor fascia latae (TFL), and quadratus lumborum (QL) muscles activity when subjects performed pelvic drop (PD) in three different positions of hip rotations with and without applied isometric hip external rotation force. Results: There were differences in muscle activity between GVD and healthy subjects. The Gmed/TFL and Gmed/QL muscles activity ratio altered when placing the hip in different rotation positions and applying isometric load. Conclusions: The lower extremity muscles activity is affected by GVD, and changing the positions of the hip rotation in the PD task can be associated with altered muscle activity in both GVD and healthy Groups. However, applying isometric hip external rotation during PD can be suggested as an effective intervention to increase Gmed activity.
Effects Of Sleep Paralysis On Human Psychology
Authors: Sudais Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Sleep paralysis is a state of consciousness experienced while waking from sleep or falling asleep. It is characterized by an experience of being unable to move for several seconds or minutes. Sleep paralysis entails a period of paralysis upon waking or falling asleep and is often accompanied by terrifying hallucinations. Many stressful environmental factors which cause emotional stress also induce sleep paralysis. In addition to stressful environmental factors being associated with the condition, there appears to be a dominant genetic factor associated with the predisposition for developing sleep paralysis. The implications of these findings for stress, anxiety, and sleep are discussed. Almost three hundred people from various age groups of Karachi city were targeted as the respondents. A multifactor questionnaire was constructed to measure the effects of sleep paralysis – independent variable, and the human psychology – dependent variable. Regression analysis was performed and proposed two models using SPSS. The results of statistical tests were concluded in a way that how sleep paralysis effects a person’s life. The final results showed the effects of sleep paralysis on one’s psychology and personal life.
Microstructural Evolution And Mechanical Properties of FCAW Joints In 9% Ni Steel Prepared With Two Types of Ni-Based Weld Metals
Authors: Hwang Jiyong , Choi Kwangsu , Lee Sang Min , Jung Hyo Yun
Published: January 2022

The microstructural and mechanical evaluation of 9% Ni steel with Flux-Cored Arc Welding was performed with two different Ni-based weld metals: Inconel 625 and Hastelloy 609. Weld metals showed the microstructural change depending on the temperature gradient and crystal growth rate for each region during the cooling after welding. At the bottom of the weld metal, which is rapidly cooled in contact with the cold base metal, a cellular/planar growth was exhibited due to a large temperature gradient and low crystal growth rate. While, columnar dendrites were exhibited in the central region cooled relatively slowly and precipitates were observed in the interdendritic region. In the low-temperature toughness test, the absorbed impact energies were 89 and 55 J for Inconel 625 and Hastelloy 609, respectively. When Inconel 625 is used as the weld metal compared to Hastelloy 609, the high content of the γ stabilizer and martensite start temperature decreasing elements leads to the formation of a thicker γ-phase layer and thinner martensite layer in the transition region. In addition, high content of these elements suppresses the martensite transformation and maintains the stability of the weld joint interface even at low temperatures, resulting in the higher absorbed impact energy.
Genomic Insights Into Chemosynthetic Symbiosis in a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Mussel
Authors: Zhang Kai , Xiao Yao , Sun Jin , Xu Ting , Zhou Kun , Kwan Yick Hang , Qiu Jianwen , Qian Pei-Yuan
Published: January 2022

Background Symbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria has allowed many invertebrates to flourish in ‘extreme’ deep-sea chemosynthesis-based ecosystems, such as hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. Bathymodioline mussels are considered as models of deep-sea animal-bacteria symbiosis, but the diversity of molecular mechanisms governing host-symbiont interactions remains understudied owing to the lack of hologenomes. In this study, we adopted a total hologenome approach in sequencing the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus marisindicus and the endosymbiont genomes combined with a transcriptomic and proteomic approach that explore the mechanisms of symbiosis. Results Here, we provide the first coupled mussel-endosymbiont genome assembly. Comparative genome analysis revealed that both Bathymodiolus marisindicus and its endosymbiont reshape their genomes through the expansion of gene families, likely due to chemosymbiotic adaptation. Functional differentiation of host immune-related genes and attributes of symbiont self-protection that likely facilitate the establishment of endosymbiosis. Hologenomic analyses offer new evidence that metabolic complementarity between the host and endosymbionts enables the host to compensate for its inability to synthesize some essential nutrients, and two pathways (digestion of symbionts and molecular leakage of symbionts) that can supply the host with symbiontderived nutrients. Results also showed that bacteriocin and abundant toxins of symbiont may contribute to the defense of the B. marisindicus holobiont. Moreover, an exceptionally large number of anti-virus systems were identified in the B. marisindicus symbiont, which likely work synergistically to efficiently protect their hosts from phage infection, indicating virus-bacteria interactions in intracellular environments of a deepsea vent mussel. Conclusions Our study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of symbiosis enabling deep-sea mussels to successfully colonize the special hydrothermal vent habitats.
Carbon-Coated Nanopowder as Sintering Aid for Water-Atomized Iron Powder
Authors: Manchili Swathi Kiranmayee , Liu Fang , Hryha Eduard , Nyborg Lars
Published: January 2022

The influence of carbon coating on the nanopowder when used as a sintering aid for water-atomized iron powder is explored. Iron nanopowder without such a coating was used as a reference sintering aid to isolate and depict the influence of the carbon coating. Both nanopowder variants were characterized using XPS and HRTEM, and the results showed a core-shell structure for both nanopowder variants. Iron nanopowder is covered by a 3-4 nm thick iron oxide layer, while the carbon-coated nanopowder is encapsulated with a number of nanometric carbon layers. Thermogravimetry carried out in a pure hydrogen environment shows a multipeak behaviour for carbon-coated nanopowder, while a single peak behaviour is observed for the iron nanopowder. This difference was correlated with chemical analysis. Two types of micro/nanobimodal powders were obtained by mixing the nanopowder with water-atomized iron powder. An improved linear shrinkage was observed when carbon-coated iron nanopowder was added. This can be explained by the reduced surface diffusion in the nanopowder due to the carbon coating, which allows the nanopowder to sinter at higher temperatures and improves densification.
Healthcare professionals' experience of performing digital care visits - a scoping review
Authors: Lampickienė Ieva , Davoody Nadia
Published: January 2022

Background: The use of patient initiated digital care visits has been increasing and even more so in the era of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Learning more about healthcare professionals’ experience of using such technology would provide valuable insight and a basis for improvement of digital visits.Aim: This study sought to explore the existing literature on healthcare professionals’ experience of performing digital care visits.Methods: A scoping review was performed following Arksey & O’Malley’s proposed framework and utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses – Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. Three large databases – PubMed, Web of Science and IEEE Xplore were searched, and 28 studies were included in the review. The collected data was analyzed using thematic content analysis.Results: Five main themes were identified in the literature: positive experiences/benefits, facilitators, negative experiences/challenges, barriers, and suggestions for improvement. Healthcare professionals mostly reported having overall positive experience with digital visits and saw benefits for themselves and the patients – efficiency, convenience, accessibility, and new perspectives in remote care to name a few. However, opinions were mixed or negative regarding the complexity of decision making, workload and workflow, suitability of this type of care and other challenges. The suggestions for improvement included training and education, improvements within system and tools and support for professionals.Conclusion: Despite overall positive experience and benefits for both professionals and patients, clinicians reported challenges and issues they faced when using digital care visits: physical barriers, technical issues, suitability concerns and others. Digital care visits could not fully replace face-to face visits.
A Comparative Study of the Effects of Platelet-Rich Fibrin, Concentrated Growth Factor and Platelet-Poor Plasma on the Healing of Tooth Extraction Sockets in Rabbits
Authors: Li Siying , Yang Hongyi , Duan Qinyu , Bao Hongyu , Li Aodi , Li Wei , He Yun
Published: January 2022

Background：Autologous platelet concentrate has been widely used to encourage the regeneration of hard and soft tissues. Up to now, there are three generations of autologous platelet concentrates. Many studies have shown that different autologous platelet concentrates have different healing effects. However, these differences still need to be further verified and discussed. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare the effects of platelet-rich fibrin, concentrated growth factor and platelet-poor plasma on the healing of tooth extraction sockets in New Zealand rabbits. Methods：A total of 24 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits aged 8-12 weeks were selected. The experimental animals were randomly divided into four groups: three experimental groups were respectively implanted with PPP, CGF and PRF gel after bilateral mandibular anterior teeth were extracted, and the control group did not implant any material. The alveolar bone of the mandibular anterior region was taken at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. The height and width of the extraction wound were detected by CBCT, the growth of the new bone was observed by HE and Masson staining, and the expression of osteogenic genes was detected by real-time PCR. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical package 22.0.Results: The radiological results showed that alveolar bone absorption in all groups gradually increased over time. However, the experimental groups showed lower amounts of bone absorption. The histological results showed that new bone formation was observed in all groups. Over time, the new bone trabeculae of the CGF group became closely aligned while those in the PPP and PRF groups remained scattered. PCR results showed that the expression of BMP-2 and ALP was higher in the experimental groups than the control group.Conclusion: In conclusion, the application of PRF, CGF and PPP in tooth extraction sockets effectively promoted bone regeneration. CGF showed more effective bone induction and tissue regeneration ability in the long term.
One-Step Preparation of RGO/Fe3O4-Fevo4 Nanocomposites As Highly Effective Photocatalysts Under Natural Sunlight Illumination
Authors: Alsulami Qana A. , Rajeh A. , Mannaa Mohammed A. , Albukhari Soha M. , Baamer Doaa F.
Published: January 2022

The study used a one-step hydrothermal method to prepare Fe3O4-FeVO4 and xRGO/Fe3O4-FeVO4 nanocomposites. XRD, TEM, EDS, XPS, DRS, and PL techniques were used to examine the structurally and morphologically properties of the prepared samples. The XRD results appeared that the Fe3O4-FeVO4 has a triclinic crystal structure. Under hydrothermal treatment, (GO) was effectively reduced to (RGO) as illustrated by XRD and XPS results. UV-Vis analysis revealed that the addition of RGO enhanced the absorption in the visible region and narrowed the band gap energy. The photoactivities of the prepared samples were evaluated by degrading methylene blue (MB), phenol and brilliant green (BG) under sunlight illumination. As indicated by all the nanocomposites, photocatalytic activity was higher than the pure Fe3O4-FeVO4 photocatalyst, and the highest photodegradation efficiency of MB and phenol was shown by the 10%RGO/Fe3O4-FeVO4. In addition, the study examined the mineralization (TOC), photodegradation process, and photocatalytic reaction kinetics of MB and phenol.
Development of a Textile Based Protein Sensor for Monitoring the Healing Progress of a Wound
Authors: ElSaboni Yomna , Hunt John A. , Moffatt Christine , Wei Yang
Published: January 2022

This article focuses on the design and fabrication of flexible textile-based protein sensors to be embedded in wound dressings. Chronic wounds require continuous monitoring to prevent further complications and to determine the best course of treatment in the case of infection. As proteins are essential for the progression of wound healing, they can be used as an indicator of wound status. Through measuring protein concentrations, the sensor can assess and monitor the wound condition continuously as a function of time. The protein sensor consists of electrodes that are directly screen printed using both silver and carbon composite inks on polyester nonwoven fabric which was deliberately selected as this is one of the common backing fabrics currently used in wound dressings. Three sensor designs were investigated to determine if any were suitable for protein detection. These sensors were experimentally evaluated and compared to each other by using albumin protein in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). A comprehensive set of cyclic voltammetry measurements were used to determine the optimal sensor design to provide the measurement of protein in solution. The best sensor was comprised of only silver conductive ink present to form the tracks outside the interface zone and a carbon only layer in the working and counter electrodes at the interface zone. This design prevents the formation of silver dioxide and protects the sensor from rapid decay, which allows for the recording of consecutive measurements using the same sensor. The chosen printed protein sensor was able to detect BSA at varying concentrations ranging from 30-0.3 mg/ml with a sensitivity of 0.0026µA/M.
Pseudogene HLA-DRB6 Regulates Immune Microenvironment of Cutaneous Melanoma by miR-338/CXCL10 Axis
Authors: Ren Jianmin , Yu Jinglu , Shi Yang , Khan Inam Ullah , Huang Jiansheng
Published: January 2022

Background: The relationship between the pseudogene and tumor immune microenvironment in cutaneous melanoma is unclear. In this study, we analyzed the role of the pseudogene HLA-DRB6 and its effect on the tumor immune microenvironment in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) using bioinformatics tools. Method: The GEPIA database was used to analyze the expression of HLA-DRB6 and CXCL10 mRNA in tumor tissues. The TIMER database was used to analyze the relationship between mRNA levels and the infiltration of immune cells. The enrichment of HLA-DRB6 and CXCL10 in melanoma tissues was analyzed by single cell portal. The binding sites of HLA-DRB6 with its target genes was predicted via starBase database. The gene expression profiling and clinical data from GEO database (GSE94873) was used to verify the potential of CXCL10 as a biomarker. Result: The expression of HLA-DRB6 in SKCM tumor is higher than in normal tissues, and patients with high HLA-DRB6 expression had a better prognosis (P<0.05). Furthermore, HLA-DRB6 is positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells such as B cells, CD4+ T, and CD8+ T lymphocytes, and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules such as PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. Single cell transcriptome sequencing data showed that HLA-DRB6 is mainly enriched in macrophages and had the highest correlation with CXCL10 than other chemokines (cor=0.66, P<0.0001). In addition, we found that CXCL10 can be used as a potential biomarker for predicting responsiveness and survival rate in SKCM patients who treated with Tremelimumab (a human anti-CTLA-4 antibody). Conclusion: In the microenvironment of SKCM, HLA-DRB6 is mainly enriched in macrophages and regulates the expression of CXCL10 through the ceRNA mechanism. Furthermore, the CXCL10 in peripheral blood can be used as a biomarker to predict the responsiveness and the prognosis for patients treated with tremelimumab.
An airfoil geometric-feature extraction and discrepant data fusion learning method
Authors: Xiang Yu , Hu Liwei , Zhang Jun , Wang Wenyong
Published: January 2022

The perception of geometric-features of airfoils is the basis in aerodynamic area for performance prediction, parameterization, aircraft inverse design, etc. There are three approaches to percept the geometric shape of airfoils, namely manual design of airfoil geometry parameters, polynomial definition and deep learning. The first two methods directly define geometric-features or polynomials of airfoil curves, but the number of extracted features is limited. Deep learning algorithms can extract a large number of potential features (called latent features). However, the features extracted by deep learning lack explicit geometrical meaning. Motivated by the advantages of polynomial definition and deep learning, we propose a geometric-feature extraction method (named Bézier-based feature extraction, BFE) for airfoils, which consists of two parts: manifold metric feature extraction and geometric-feature fusion encoder (GF encoder). Manifold metric feature extraction, with the help of the Bézier curve, captures manifold metrics (a sort of geometric-features) from tangent space of airfoil curves, and the GF-encoder combines airfoil coordinate data and manifold metrics together to form novel fused geometric-features. To validate the feasibility of the fused geometric-features, two experiments based on the public UIUC airfoil dataset are conducted. Experiment I is used to extract manifold metrics of airfoils and export the fused geometric-features. Experiment II, based on the Multi-task learning (MTL), is used to fuse the discrepant data (i.e., the fused geometric-features and the flight conditions) to predict the aerodynamic performance of airfoils. The results show that the BFE can generate more smooth and realistic airfoils than Auto-Encoder, and the fused geometric-features extracted by BFE can be used to reduce the prediction errors of C L and C D .
Impact of B2O3 on Physical, Optical Characteristics and Radiation Attenuation Factors of Borotellurite Glasses
Authors: El-Mallawany R. , aboutaleb Weam , Naeem M.A. , Kotb S.M. , Krar M.E. , Talaat S.
Published: January 2022

Borotellurite glasses with a composition [(60-X)TeO2-(20+X)B2O3-10Li2O-10Bi2O3] where x= 5-20 in steps of 5 mol% have been synthesized. Glass density, molar volume, oxygen packing density, and many other physical parameters were measured. UV-spectra in the wave length range (200-800) nm have been measured for the whole glass series. The optical energy band gap Eopt , refractive index, and optical basicity were measured. The mass absorption coefficients (μm) are determined experimentally by the HPGe detector and compared with the theoretical values obtained by XCOM program and MCNP5 simulation code within (0.121–1.408) MeV photon energy range. Half value layer (HVL), effective atomic number and electron density (Zeff and Neff), and macroscopic removal cross-section (∑R) were evaluated. The sample [55TeO2 – 25B2O3 – 10Bi2O3 – 10Li2O] possess the highest values of (μm = 1.192 ± 0.033 cm2/g, Zeff = 56.12 e/atom and ∑ R = 0.101499 cm-1) at energy 121 keV also lower values of (HVL = 0.121 cm, TVL = 0.1 cm and MFP = 0.174 cm) at photon energy 121 keV, therefore this sample considered the best gamma ray shielding material among the prepared glasses.
Highly spatial-resolved chemical metrology on latent resist images
Authors: Es Maarten van , Tamer Mehmet , Bloem Robbert , Fillinger Laurent , Zeijl Elfi van , Maturová Klára , Donck Jacques van der , Willekers Rob , Maas Diederik
Published: January 2022

Patterning photoresist with extreme control over dose and placement is the first crucial step in semiconductor manufacturing. But, how to accurately measure the activation of modern complex resists components at sufficient spatial resolution? No exposed nanometre-scale resist pattern is sufficiently sturdy to unaltered withstand inspection by intense photon or electron beams, not even after processing and development. This paper presents experimental proof that Infra-Red Atomic Force Microscopy (IR-AFM) is sufficiently sensitive and gentle to chemically record the vulnerable-yet-valuable lithographic patterns in a chemically amplified resist after exposure, prior to development. Accordingly, IR-AFM metrology provides the long-sought-for insights in changes in the chemical and spatial distribution per component in a latent resist image, both directly after exposure as well as during processing. With these to-be-gained understandings, a disruptive acceleration of resist design and processing is expected.
Sustainable Manufacturing of Ultra-Fine Aluminium Alloy 6101 Wires Using Controlled High Levels of Mechanical Strain And Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Caruso Serafino , Filice Luigino
Published: January 2022

The evolution of grain size and component mechanical behaviour are fundamental aspects to analyse and control when manufacturing processes are considered. In this context, severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes, in which a high shear strain is imposed on the material, are recognized as the main techniques to achieve microstructural changes and material strengthening by the recrystallization, attracting both academic and industrial investigation activities. At the same time, nowadays, sustainable manufacturing design is one of the main responsibilities of the researchers looking at UN2030 agenda and the modern industrial paradigms. In this paper a new severe SPD process is proposed with the aim to steer manufacturing to fourth industrial revolution using some of Industry 4.0 pillars. In particular, additive manufacturing (AM) and numerical simulations were setup as controlling and monitoring techniques in manufacturing process of wires.Strengthening effect (yield and ultimate tensile strength, plasticity and hardness) and microstructural evolution (continuous dynamic recrystallization -CDRX-) due to severe plastic deformation were experimentally analysed and numerically investigated by an innovative finite element (FE) model able to validate the effectiveness of a properly modified process for ultra-fine aluminium alloy AA6101 wires production designed with the aim to avoid any post manufacturing costly thermal treatment.The study provides an accurate experimental study and numerical prediction of the thermo-mechanical and microstructural phenomena that occur during an advanced large plastic deformation process; it shows how the combination of smart manufacturing and simulations control represents the key to renew the traditional manufacturing methods in the perspective of the Industry 4.0, connecting and integrating the manufacturing process for the industrial evolution in production.
Comparing Sugarbaker versus keyhole mesh technique for open retromuscular parastomal hernia repair: study protocol for a registry-based randomized controlled trial
Authors: Miller Benjamin T , Thomas Jonah D , Tu Chao , Costanzo Adele , Beffa Lucas A , Krpata David M , Prabhu Ajita S , Rosen Michael J , Petro Clayton C
Published: January 2022

BackgroundParastomal hernia, common after stoma creation, negatively impacts patient quality of life. For patients with a permanent stoma, durable parastomal hernia repair remains a challenge, with few high-quality studies for guidance. An alternative to open retromuscular parastomal hernia repair with retromuscular “keyhole” mesh is the recent Sugarbaker modification. We aim to compare these two techniques in a head-to-head prospective study.MethodsThis is a registry-based randomized controlled trial designed to investigate whether the retromuscular Sugarbaker technique is superior to the retromuscular keyhole technique for parastomal hernia repair. The primary study endpoint is parastomal hernia recurrence at two years. Secondary endpoints include hospital length-of-stay, readmission, wound morbidity, mesh-related complications, re-operation, all 30-day morbidity, and patient-reported outcomes, including hernia-related quality of life, stoma-specific quality of life, pain, and decision regret.DiscussionBased on the post hoc analysis of a recent randomized controlled trial, we hypothesize that the retromuscular Sugarbaker technique will reduce parastomal hernia recurrence by 20% at 2 years compared to the retromuscular keyhole mesh technique. The results of this study may provide evidence-based guidance for surgeons repairing parastomal hernias.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03972553. Registered June 3, 2019.
Impact of Climate Change on Three Indicator Galliformes Species in The Northern Highlands of Pakistan
Authors: Zahoor Babar , Liu Xuehua , Songer Melissa
Published: January 2022

Global temperatures are predicted to rise from between 1.4 to 5.8°C by 21st century, which could result in a 20 to 30% extinction of species. The negative impacts of climate change on the northern highlands of Pakistan (NHP) could change the species composition. Range shifts and range reduction in the forested landscapes will dramatically affect the distribution of forest dwelling species, including the Galliformes (ground birds). Three Galliformes (e.g., Lophophorus impejanus, Pucrasia macrolopha and Tragopan melanocephalus) are indicator species of the environment and currently distributed in NHP. For this study, we used Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt) to simulate the current and future (in 2050 and 2070) distributions of the species using three General Circulation Models (GCMs) and two climate change scenarios, i.e., RCP4.5 (moderate carbon emission scenario) and RCP8.5 (peak carbon emission scenario). Our results indicated that (i) all the three species would be negatively affected by the climate change in 2050 and in 2070. (ii) Under all three climate scenarios, species distribution was predicted to both reduce and shift towards higher altitudes. (iii) Across the provinces in the NHP, the species were predicted to lose over one quarter in 2050 and one-third by 2070 of the current suitable habitat. (iv) The maximum area of climate refugia was projected between the altitudinal range of 2000 m to 4000 m and predicted to shift towards higher altitudes primarily >3000 m in the future. The proposed implications such as establishment and upgradation of the protected areas, ban on hunting, timber mafia and temporary settlements of the local people in the forested landscapes should be under special consideration to mitigate the impact of climate change.
Irrationality of the Angles of Kloosterman Sums over Finite Field
Authors: Borissov Lyubomir , Borissov Yuri
Published: January 2022

We prove that the angles of Kloosterman sums over arbitrary finite field are incommensurable with the constant π. In particular, this implies that the Weil bound for Kloosterman sums over finite fields cannot be reached.
Continuous gaussian measurements of the free boson CFT: A model for exactly solvable and detectable measurement-induced dynamics
Authors: Minoguchi Yuri , Rabl Peter , Buchhold Michael
Published: January 2022

Hybrid evolution protocols, composed of unitary dynamics and repeated, weak or projective measurements, give rise to new, intriguing quantum phenomena, including entanglement phase transitions and unconventional conformal invariance.
Defying the complications imposed by the non-linear and stochastic nature of the measurement process, we introduce a scenario of measurement-induced many body evolution, which possesses an exact analytical solution: bosonic Gaussian measurements. The evolution features a competition between the continuous observation of linear boson operators and a free Hamiltonian, and it is characterized by a unique and exactly solvable covariance matrix. Within this framework, we then consider an elementary model for quantum criticality, the free boson conformal field theory, and investigate in which way criticality is modified under measurements. Depending on the measurement protocol, we distinguish three fundamental scenarios (a) enriched quantum criticality, characterized by a logarithmic entanglement growth with a floating prefactor, or the loss of criticality, indicated by an entanglement growth with either (b) an area-law or (c) a volume-law. For each scenario, we discuss the impact of imperfect measurements, which reduce the purity of the wavefunction and are equivalent to Markovian decoherence, and present a set of observables, e.g., real-space correlations, the relaxation time, and the entanglement structure, to classify the measurement-induced dynamics for both pure and mixed states. Finally, we present an experimental tomography scheme, which grants access to the density operator of the system by using the continuous measurement record only.
Enhancement of Visible Light-Responsive Photocatalytic Efficiency by Using a Laccaic Acid-Modified Titanium Dioxide Photocatalyst
Authors: Aiempanakit Montri , Sangkaworn Jariyaporn , Worawannotai Nattawan , Laohhasurayotin Kritapas , Sangchay Weerachai , Laksee Sakchai , Suwanchawalit Cheewita
Published: January 2022

In this study, a laccaic acid-modified TiO2 photocatalyst (Lac-TiO2) was prepared via an impregnation method with 0.50, 1.00, 2.50, and 5.00 wt.% laccaic acid. The products’ physical properties were examined through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. A possible photocatalytic mechanism was also proposed. XRD patterns revealed the anatase phase of TiO2 and Lac-TiO2 samples. High-magnification FE-SEM images showed that the TiO2 and Lac-TiO2 samples exhibited spherical-like structures. XPS results complementarily confirmed the presence of Ti, O, and C as the main elements of the Lac-TiO2 samples. Interestingly, the DRS spectra of the Lac-TiO2 samples extended into the visible region. FTIR spectra presented the characteristic bands of TiO2 and hydroxyl groups on the TiO2 surface. Instead of hydroxyl groups, the characteristic bands of laccaic acid were observed on the surface of the Lac-TiO2 samples. The photocatalytic properties of the Lac-TiO2 samples were evaluated in terms of methyl orange degradation under visible light irradiation. The Lac-TiO2 samples showed higher photocatalytic performance than the TiO2 sample.
Galvanising and fostering sub-national government leadership for area-wide sanitation programming
Authors: Coultas Mimi , Chanza Mable Mideva , Iyer Ruhil , Karangwa Lambert , Kariuki Jimmy Eric , Kosugi Hodaka , Meeuwissen Talia Timani , Mwende Emmah , Myers Jamie , Son Philip , Ssemwanga David Katwere
Published: January 2022

Government leadership at both the national and sub-national levels is an essential step towards ensuring safely managed sanitation services for all. Though the importance of sub-national government leadership for water, sanitation and hygiene is widely acknowledged, to date much of the focus has been on the delivery of water services. This article sets out to start to address this imbalance by focusing on practical ways to galvanise and foster sub-national government leadership for sanitation programming. By focusing on the experiences across three sub-national areas in East Africa where positive changes in the prioritisation of sanitation by local governments have been witnessed, we (a group of researchers, local government representatives and development partner staff) cross-examine and identify lessons learnt. The results presented in this paper and subsequent discussion provide practical recommendations for those wishing to trigger a change in political will at the local level and create the foundation to strengthen sanitation governance and the wider system needed to ensure service delivery for all.
GEOGRAFIA E INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE
Authors: Melo Nildo Aparecido de
Published: January 2022

A política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) prevê a coleta seletiva e a reciclagem como instrumentos de sustentabilidade ambiental, apontando para a redução da destinação dos resíduos sólidos nos aterros sanitários e a geração de trabalho e renda para os catadores de materiais recicláveis. Em Brusque, a coleta seletiva abrange a totalidade do município, porém a participação da população no processo de separação dos resíduos sólidos é baixa, como pôde ser observado in loco em atividades de campo em três bairros do município. Nesse contexto, o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis, visa estimular a participação da população nesse processo de separação e encaminhamento para a reciclagem, possibilitando o reaproveitamento dos materiais e a sustentabilidade no município de Brusque.
TERRITÓRIO USADO E DINÂMICA INDUSTRIAL
Authors: Medeiros Dhiego Antonio de , Silva Clevisson José da
Published: January 2022

O artigo ora apresentado tem como objetivo discutir os usos que as indústrias locais fazem do território alagoano nas duas primeiras décadas do século XXI. A metodologia compreendeu a tríade que constitui a pesquisa em Geografia: pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo. Os resultados revelaram que: a) as iniciativas industriais locais realizam usos do território diferentes daqueles tradicionalmente praticados em Alagoas, b) o crescimento e desenvolvimento da economia do estado com base no ativismo fiscal têm influenciado diretamente nas condições sociais de um território historicamente caracterizado pela base latifundiária; c) a centralidade da esfera governamental no papel coordenador de políticas para o território, quer dizer, de uma economia política, contribui para o desenvolvimento das forças produtivas e a alteração do quadro de dependência e subdesenvolvimento há séculos constituído.
Wychowawcza wartość nauczania bł. Stefana Kardynała Wyszyńskiego o rodzinie i narodzie
Authors: Danecki Jerzy
Published: January 2022

Błogosławiony Kardynał stracił matkę w wieku 9 lat, od tego czasu jego Matką stała się Ojczyzna, dla której służył, którą kochał i o którą walczył – walczył miłością do każdego bliźniego i o każdego bliźniego. Doświadczył okrucieństw wojny i reżimu sowieckiego, jego ukochana Ojczyzna pozbawiła Go wolności, a on dla niej ułożył Śluby jasnogórskie, które stały się pierwszym krokiem na drodze wyzwolenia Ojczyzny, Narodu i polskiej rodziny, dla której kardynał Wyszyński był niekwestionowanym Ojcem.
Działalność i nauczanie Sługi Bożego Stefana Wyszyńskiego – implikacje pedagogiczne dla potrzeb praktyki penitencjarnej
Authors: Wierzbicki Konrad
Published: January 2022

Wieloletnia działalność Sługi Bożego Stefana Wyszyńskiego na rzecz Kościoła w Polsce oraz obrony polskiej tożsamości uwidacznia się na polu odszukiwania oblicza współczesnych wartości, w kontekście wychowania, charakterystycznego dla chrześcijaństwa. Niniejszy artykuł w sposób syntetyczny ukazuje specyficzne rysy sylwetki duchowej oraz wybrane fakty z życia przyszłego błogosławionego, Prymasa Tysiąclecia Stefana Wyszyńskiego, jakie wyłaniają się na podstawie analizy jego działalności i nauczania. Źródłem wiedzy o Prymasie uczyniono jego przemówienia, kazania, homilie, notatki z czasu, kiedy był on więziony. Problematyka badań nad postacią i dziedzictwem Prymasa Stefana Wyszyńskiego uwidacznia się w potrzebie dociekań autora dotyczących doświadczeń wiary oraz możliwości wykorzystania poznawanej rzeczywistości w praktyce pedagogicznej wychowania resocjalizacyjnego.
Mazowsze w przepowiadaniu Prymasa Stefana Wyszyńskiego
Authors: Graczyk Waldemar
Published: January 2022

Jednym z przystanków budzenia wiary narodu, świadomości człowieka wolnego i odpowiedzialnego, tworzącego historię na fundamencie prawa i moralności Dekalogu, było Mazowsze. Prymas wielokrotnie, przy różnych okazjach odwiedzał Płock. Niósł słowo, które jak biblijne ziarno miało padać na glebę ludzkich serc i przynosić owoce. Kardynał Stefan Wyszyński po raz pierwszy jako Prymas przybył do Płocka pod koniec 1961 roku, aby uczestniczyć w uroczystościach pogrzebowych biskupa płockiego Tadeusza Pawła Zakrzewskiego (zm. 26 listopada). Potem wielokrotnie przybywał jeszcze do historycznej stolicy Mazowsza – 4 lutego 1962 roku konsekrował w płockiej katedrze biskupa Jana Wosińskiego; 12–13 listopada 1966 roku uczestniczył w Płocku w uroczystościach millenijnych; 16 kwietnia 1968 roku wygłosił kazanie w płockiej katedrze z okazji 50-lecia działalności Zgromadzenia Sióstr Pasjonistek, a zwłaszcza wziął udział w uroczystych obchodach jubileuszu 900-lecia istnienia diecezji płockiej, które miały miejsce w niedzielę 1 czerwca 1975 roku. To, co Prymas Polski kardynał Stefan Wyszyński mówił na Mazowszu Płockim i o Mazowszu, znalazło swoje dopełnienie w słowach św. Jana Pawła II, wypowiedzianych w dniu 7 czerwca 1991 roku podczas pobytu w Płocku: „Płock głęboko wrósł się w dzieje Polski i w dzieje Kościoła”. Podkreślał przez to rolę tego miasta, stolicy historycznego Mazowsza, w tysiącletniej historii naszej Ojczyzny. Mówił, że Mazowsze zajmuje wysokie miejsce w budowaniu państwa i Kościoła. Przywołując ważne dla Mazowsza postacie, wskazywał zawsze na wartości, których były one nośnikami, a które są ponadczasowe.
Polski Związek Głuchych w okresie stanu wojennego
Authors: Czarnecka Iwona
Published: January 2022

Polski Związek Głuchych wywodzi się ze stowarzyszeń działających wcześniej na rzecz osób głuchych na ziemiach polskich, a po roku 1918 – w Polsce. Siedem lat po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości powołano Polski Związek Towarzystw Głuchoniemych (dalej: PZTG), którego zadaniem było zintegrowanie wszystkich towarzystw działających na terenie państwa. Związek reprezentował wszystkie organizacje działające na rzecz osób z wadą słuchu. Zarząd Związku podejmował działania, które miały m.in. wpłynąć na poprawę warunków życia ludzi głuchych. W 1946 roku w Łodzi zorganizowano Ogólnopolski Zjazd Delegatów Stowarzyszeń Głuchoniemych. Podjęto wówczas decyzję o utworzeniu Polskiego Związku Głuchoniemych i ich Przyjaciół. W roku 1955 zaczęto używać nazwy, która obowiązuje współcześnie. W artykule przeanalizowano Materiały sprawozdawcze Polskiego Związku Głuchych, przygotowane na VIII Zjazd Delegatów oraz artykuły dotyczące jego działalności w okresie stanu wojennego, które ukazały się na łamach organu prasowego Związku – „Świata Głuchych”. We wnioskach końcowych przedstawiono najważniejsze osiągnięcia Związku w tym trudnym dla całego kraju okresie, a także wskazano obszary, w których nadal należało wprowadzić pewne zmiany mające na celu zwiększenie skuteczności podejmowanych przez niego działań.
Profesor Józef Frank – społecznik i popularyzator nauki
Authors: Markiewicz Hanna
Published: January 2022

Prof. Józef Frank, lekarz wykształcony w zachodnioeuropejskich uniwersytetach, przybył do Wilna w początkach XIX wieku i rozpoczął pracę na fakultecie medycznym Uniwersytetu Wileńskiego. Dał się poznać społeczności miasta nie tylko jako uczony, lecz także niezrównany popularyzator wiedzy medycznej i higieny. Wymagający wobec studentów, czynnie uczestniczył w życiu naukowym, a także zainicjował takie przedsięwzięcia, jak utworzenie pogotowia ratunkowego, Instytutu Wakcynacji, Instytutu Macierzyństwa, Wileńskiego Towarzystwa Naukowego. Wprowadził zwyczaj domowych wizyt lekarzy u chorych ubogich. Wspólnie z biskupem Janem Nepomucenem Kossakowskim założył Wileńskie Towarzystwo Dobroczynności i piastował w nim bezinteresownie, obok swojego głównego zajęcia w Uniwersytecie, funkcję szefa Trzeciego Wydziału Lekarskiego. Ceniony przez władze, powszechnie szanowany przez Wilnian, przez 18 lat prowadził klinikę wileńską, jedną z najlepszych w Europie. Z Wilna wyjechał w 1823 roku do Włoch i tam zmarł w grudniu 1842 roku.
Symptoms of depression in children part of the “snowflake” generation and their input for the functioning of the whole family. Narrative research of modern families
Authors: Zalewska Sabina
Published: January 2022

In the article I analyze the problem of mental health about children of the generation of "snowflakes". The subject of the article is the problem of child depression affecting the whole family system. The main symptoms of this disease are presented. They are discussed in detail with their impact on family relationships. The main functions of the family were recalled, as they gave the structure for the analysis of narrative tests. A lot of attention was paid to the description of the impact of depression on the life of the whole family, including marriage, contact with children, social contacts, changes in the family's activity and material situation, as well as emotional reactions of family members. The analysis of narrative tests shows the family's reactions to the child's disease.