bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study for Methodologies and Algorithms Used In Colon Cancer Diagnoses and Detection
Authors:   Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Helwan University, Egypt, Nasr Mona , Abdelhamid Laila ,   Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Helwan University, Egypt, Shehata Naglaa ,   Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Helwan University, Egypt
Published: November 2021

Colon cancer is also referred to as colorectal cancer, a kind of cancer that starts with colon damage to the large intestine in the last section of the digestive tract. Elderly people typically suffer from colon cancer, but this may occur at any age.It normally starts as little, noncancerous (benign) mass of cells named polyps that structure within the colon. After a period of time these polyps can turn into advanced malignant tumors that attack the human body and some of these polyps can become colon cancers. So far, no concrete causes have been identified and the complete cancer treatment is very difficult to be detected by doctors in the medical field. Colon cancer often has no symptoms in early stage so detecting it at this stage is curable but colorectal cancer diagnosis in the final stages (stage IV), gives it the opportunity to spread to different pieces of the body, difficult to treat successfully, and the person's chances of survival are much lower. False diagnosis of colorectal cancer which mean wrong treatment for patients with long-term infections and they are suffering from colon cancer this causing the death for these patients. Also, the cancer treatment needs more time and a lot of money. This paper provides a comparative study for methodologies and algorithms used in colon cancer diagnoses and detection this can help for proposing a prediction for risk levels of colon cancer disease using CNN algorithm of the deep learning (Convolutional Neural Networks Algorithm).
Multisensory System for Monitoring and Control of Artificial Plant Growing Environment
Authors:   ", Hristov Atanas ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo, Kalushkov Teodor ,   "St. Cyril and Methodius" University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The paper represents a small controller with wireless connection, which measures air temperature, air humidity and soil humidity. As an output action it can switch on and off an irrigation pump. Monitoring is realized over Wi-Fi connection to a gateway and cloud service. The service allows database storage and graph representation of the input values via desktop or mobile device browser. Sensors choice is also explained in details with advantages and disadvantages of the possible solutions. Developed device allows fine tuning, according to the target plants, can be duplicated many times in the range of the hothouse. It is one of the cheapest solutions which provides very stable work as a result of the specific implementation.
Local History Bibliographic Information Systems as a Semantic Resource
Authors:   ", Zdravkov Kaloyan ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the Local history bibliographic information systems in Bulgaria in the perspective of their transformation through semantic technologies into a new generation of information resources to facilitate and enrich the research activity.
The Mounted Angel in Byzantine Art
Authors:   ", Dontchev Georges ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

Angels, incorruptible beings of incorporeal matter, according to the teaching of Christianity are the first and most perfect God’s creatures, members of the Church whose Head is Christ. God’s messengers, guardians and heavenly warriors, or belonging to other ranks which were later defined and classified by theologians as found in the different texts of the Old and New Testaments, they do not have a clearly defined appearance and attributes, with the notable exception of Cherubim and Seraphim. Very rarely are flying angels even vaguely mentioned in Biblical texts, still less – winged angels. Rather, the angel – God’s herald, ascends and descends on Jacob’s ladder (Gen 28:12), or rides on a red horse in Prophet Zechariah’s vision (Zech 1:8). According to Jewish understanding, the angel was not able to fly as he needed a ladder in order to ascend or a horse in order to travel. Thus, the angel seems to have been thought of by the Jews in rather material terms, and it was only later that his incorruptible nature was specified. However, the winged Greco-Roman deities (such as Nike, Eros etc) and the very ancient images of angels in Zoroastrianism, also winged, apparently influenced Jewish and Christian iconography. So, it was as early as the 5th century that Christian iconography gradually adopted the angel’s appearance as a personage with human features (with the exception of Cherubim and Seraphim) supplied with wings, and this form of representation was applied to all ranks of angelic powers, regardless of style development. Thus, under the influence of ancient Greco-Roman ideas, the angel is depicted as a winged, flying creature. He has been adopted in this form universally by Christian doctrine, regardless of the lack of sufficient official texts. It is only in certain apocryphal texts that occasionally winged angels are specifically mentioned. This Christian as well as Jewish practice – at least during the early centuries of the Christian Era, adopted the type of the winged angel, and wings have become an invariable attribute of angels even when it is a matter of interpreting texts in which the angel as a God’s herald is not mentioned as a winged creature at all.
Computer Technologies in the Realization of Bilingual Training in the National School (On the Example of Schools of the Republic of Bashkortostan of the Russian Federation)
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Sterlitamak, Russia, Salavatova Samira
Published: November 2021

In modern conditions of development of national schools in multilingual regions of the Russian Federation, in particular in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the problem of designing a bilingual (Russian-national or national-Russian) methodology is important, but at the same time not sufficiently developed for the federal component disciplines. The article reveals an attempt to solve to a certain extent this problem through the use of electronic educational materials in teaching mathematics. Depending on the target component, two types of bilingual methods are distinguished: one of them – with the predominance of the national-Russian bilingualism, the other - with the predominance of the Russian-national. Electronic textbooks provide an opportunity to combine the possibilities of both techniques. The article describes the electronic learning materials developed by the author that allow realizing bilingual education in the Russian national (non-Russian) school. Efficiency was identified on the basis of a pedagogical experiment, the criterion of effectiveness – the quality of students’ cognitive activity; the reliability of the changes obtained was substantiated by statistical methods using Student’s t-test (by William Gosset’s).
Life Cycle of Student Software Project Development
Authors:   ", Lazarova Diana ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo, Nikolova Mariyana
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the life cycle of the process of developing software projects by students. It outlines the theoretical basis of the projects as the modern technology. The suggested life cycle, in which students play the role of junior software developers, results in the acquisition of diverse knowledge and practical skills that contribute to their personal growth. The article also describes the process of students forming and developing digital skills and key competences as they develop software projects. The life cycle in question prepares them for success in the everchanging, dynamic life, because it enables them to develop qualities that stimulate multi-level thinking and help them show their full potential.
Digital Drawing as a Tool for Achieving Decorative-Abstract Imagery in Visual Art Education
Authors:   St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, Bulgaria, Stoyanova Ventsislava , Antova Maya
Published: November 2021

In fine arts education more and more dynamic changes are required in the context of the current situation. Their main goal is to achieve adequacy with regard to contemporary social reality, reflected in current concepts and forms related to the art itself. Fine arts education is not intended solely to train and transform students into artists and authors. It aims to develop the visual culture and literacy, creative, abstract and contextual thinking, as well as value orientation, that everyone needs. These are all things essential for building the personality of today’s people, for their progressive development, success and adaptability in the context of today’s reality. Decorative-abstract imagery is at the heart of the present complex reality, almost entirely enveloped by digital media and electronic technologies, where everything is deep in information and visual glut. The understanding, comprehension, and application of abstract art forms is increasingly changing in tune with the changing thinking, behavior, and understanding of today’s people about the world and art. In this context, digital drawing is increasingly entering the present day and is gradually replacing the classical methods of drawing. It was initially perceived as a new art form in which traditional techniques are applied through digital instruments. The computer helps the artist to perceive the world in a new way.
Decorative System and Iconographic Program in Ivan Kostov’s Standing Crosses
Authors:   ", Konov Mario ,   St. Cyril and Methodius",   University of Veliko Tarnovo
Published: November 2021

The paper examines the decorative system and iconographic program seen in Ivan Kostov‘s miniature fretwork. Themes and settings of various biblical and historical scenes presented in the crosses created by the artist are analysed. A relation between classical examples of the ecclesiastical objects and the creative interpretations of the artist has been looked for.
Postmodern Reflections on the Perception of the Space-Time Continuum and the Plastic Expression of the Modern Art
Authors:   Art Center, Sofia, Bulgaria, Nikolova Mariana
Published: November 2021

Comprehension of the Space-Time continuum as a perception of the Modern art’s artist and the searching of the relevant plastic expression is as an approach to that new dimension, which in 1936 year Charles Sirato touches in his “Dimensionist Manifesto”. The reflection of the Postmodern Philosophy on the Modern thinking is an important topic of the contemporary artist, who during his creative process experience similar challenges in grasping the Space-Time continuum. The report examines two texts of M. Merleau-Ponty: “Cezanne’s Doubt“ and “Eye and Mind”, following the philosophical reflection on the modern artist’s perception, who as Klee says: “doesn’t reproduce the visible,but makes visibility”. I’m considering also the viewpoints of P. Valery, G. Deleuse and H.G.Gadamer, whose life path covers the both eras in question. Many scientific discoveries from the beginning of the 20-th c. have an influence on the artistic thinking and creativity. In an original way the postmodern philosophical reasoning considers this. In this way the discourse modern-postmodern does not flow only in the flat, linear time. And somewhere between the scientific and postmodern thought is the great impact of the Bergson’s concept of the “duration”. From this consideration is following the idea of the elasticity of the human consciousness during the time and space – an idea explored not only in visual arts.
The Illustrations of The Artist Boris Denev (1883–1969). Little Known Works. (On The Occasion of The 50th Anniversary of The Artist's Death)
Authors: Bratanova Bogdalina
Published: November 2021

An important figure in Bulgarian cultural and artistic history from the first half of the XXth century is the great artist from Veliko Tarnovo – Boris Denev (1883–1969). He is a famous and prominent master mainly of the landscape, which represents the romance and charm of his native town. During his turbulent and dramatic life, Denev works in different artistic fields, but his illustrations for books and magazines, remain a little to the side. The main aim of this article is to draw attention to the illustrator Boris Denev and to his drawings during the years from 1928 to the end of the 1940s. The focus of the interpretations will be on the illustrations for poetry collections, short stories and feuilletons, on his work for specialized publications, as well as on his collaboration with other artists.
VARIA: The Intermundium of S. T. Coleridge’s Genius in Biographia Literaria
Authors: Terziev Lubomir
Published: November 2021

The focus of this article is on the peculiar space that S.T. Coleridge constructs for his own genius in Chapter II and Chapter IX of Biographia Literaria. Specific attention is devoted to some rhetorical ploys that Coleridge uses to accommodate his own figure among paragons like William Shakespeare and William Wordsworth. The text then explores Coleridge’s attachment to and detachment from the figures of Friedrich Schelling and Jacob Böhme. In the conclusion, a statement is made on the intermundium between enthusiasm and metaphysical reasoning in which Coleridge’s genius is located.
Electrochemical nanobiosensors perspectives for COVID 19 pandemic
Authors: Satvekar Rajshri Kundlik
Published: November 2021

Early, rapid and ultrasensitive diagnosis of COVID-19 to facilitate high-throughput analysis without a high degree of technical expertise or sophisticated equipment is necessary to expand COVID-19 testing capability. Leveraging interdisciplinary proficiency in analytical chemistry, biomedical instrumentation, molecular biology, microfluidics, and nanotechnology, considerable advances have been made to develop a novel diagnostic tool that assures superior key performances for COVID-19 diagnosis. This review summarizes the nano-enabled systems such as electrochemical nanobiosensor for SARS-CoV-2 virus detection and emphasizes promising diagnostic techniques to extensively facilitate the diagnostic practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, three main diagnostic methods have been widely used in the COVID-19 pandemic: nucleic acid (NA)-based testing, computed tomography (CT), and serological testing. NA-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 such as Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction has become the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. This review congregates significant contributions in the electrochemical nanobiosensor research area, which is helpful for further nanobiosensor development. Although many efforts were taken to detect the SARS-CoV-2, the COVID 19 diagnosis still relies on expensive prolonged analysis. A rapid and reliable alternative is the utilization of a low-cost nanobiosensor for SARS-CoV-2 detection that can rapidly diagnose the disease even in asymptomatic conditions with high reliability and sensitivity.
Use of biologicals in dermatology – following the agreed path or going off-piste? A brief report
Authors: Wilcock Michael , Pothecary Andrew
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Biological medicines are used to treat a range of conditions according to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) technology appraisals. The annual drug treatment cost per patient per year varies depending on various factors, including newer or older biological, and availability of a biosimilar. Our biologicals pathway for dermatology (moderate or severe psoriasis) listed less expensive older biologicals (including biosimilars) early on in the treatment choices and more recently approved (and generally more expensive) choices lower down the pathway. Objective: We aimed to identify which biologicals or selective immunosuppressants were used first line in adult patients with moderate or severe psoriasis, and ascertain if the reasons for use of treatments other than adalimumab were in accordance with the locally agreed pathway. Methods: Medical records were reviewed for a sample of patients prescribed biologicals during late 2019 and early 2020. We identified patients who had commenced any treatment. Contact was made with lead dermatology nurses if needed. Results: There were 33 patients commenced on a biological – 17 had newly started biological therapy and 16 had switched from a prior biological therapy to a new therapy. Of the 17 new patients, two commenced apremilast (biological contraindicated), 10 commenced adalimumab, and five commenced other biologicals. Of these five who commenced other biologicals, two were on guselkumab, two on ustekinumab, and one on certolizumab. In all five instances there was a valid reason for not using adalimumab as first choice though this was not always explicit in the multidisciplinary team (MDT) documentation. Discussion: Though the number of psoriasis patients (17) newly starting a biological medicine was relatively small, it was reassuring that for five of these who commenced a subcutaneous biological other than adalimumab, there was a valid reason for this choice, though not always explicit in the MDT letter, which Dermatology will ensure is clear for future decisions. Hence going ‘off-piste’ was deemed justified. Conclusion: This very small-scale study found that the local guideline was followed with patients commencing treatments other than biosimilar adalimumab for valid reasons.
Heterociklinių junginių chemija. Laboratoriniai darbai
Authors: Sapijanskaitė-Banevič Birutė , Anusevičius Kazimieras , Mickevičius Vytautas
Published: November 2021

Kauno technologijos universiteto mokslininkų autorių komanda šiuo leidiniu tiesia pagalbos ranką chemijos mokslus pasirinkusiems studentams. Pasak autorių, leidinyje aptariami heterocikliniai junginiai – gana plačiai paplitę gamtoje: jie yra nukleorūgščių sudedamoji dalis, chlorofilas ir hemoglobinas yra porfirino ciklinės struktūros dariniai, heterocikliniai junginiai yra svarbiausieji B grupės vitaminai ir vitaminas C, o daugelio alkaloidų struktūra sudaryta iš vieno ar kelių heterociklinių fragmentų, iš 20 aminorūgščių, randamų baltymuose, trys priskiriamos heterocikliniams junginiams. Leidinys sudarytas iš 3 skyrių ir gausybės poskyrių, kurie leis įgyti ne tik teorinių žinių apie heterociklinius junginius, bet ir praktinių įgūdžių atliekant laboratorinius darbus heterociklinių junginių tikslinės sintezės, jų cheminių ir praktinių savybių nustatymo temomis. Dėl savo išsamumo ir svarbos metodinė priemonė pačių autorių priskiriama tiek bakalauro, tiek magistro, tiek doktorantūros studijų studentams, kurių mokslinėje srityje heterociklinių junginių veikimas labai reikšmingas. Tai puiki metodinė priemonė naujoms žinioms įgyti ir esamoms atnaujinti.
Oral Health Problems of Thai People Reported by Khon Kaen University Staffs during 1984 to 2020
Authors: Ratanasiri Amornrat , Nutravong Thitima , Chatrchaiwiwatana Supaporn , Poosari Arisara , Ratanasiri Thawalrat , Wongchalee Kanokporn
Published: November 2021

To improve the efficiency of the dental care service system in Thailand. To synthesize content from Khon Kaen University (KKU) staffs and students’ research and presentations from 1984 to 2020 about oral health hygiene and related diseases. Sixteen publications and presentations by KKU staffs and their students about oral health problems and management were retrieved, reviewed and analyzed. Poor oral health of people in the northeast of Thailand is found in every age group: children, adults and the aging, both male and female. There are still many oral health problems of Thai people in the northeast. KKU Field Works, Projects and Research were able to help reduce these oral health problems. An appropriate preventive oral health program needs to be developed and implemented in Northeastern Thailand.
Combating Desertification through Enhancement of Woody Floral Diversity in the Drylands of Kenya: Analysis, Milestones, and Strategies
Authors: Hitimana Joseph , K. Mengich Edward , N. Kuria Teresiah , Kimani Pauline
Published: November 2021

Desertification remains one of the most challenging phenomena in the drylands of Kenya, where it affects about 80% of the country. This is because of persistent degradation of these areas by climatic variations, human activities, and overgrazing by livestock and wildlife. In these areas, inhabitants suffer from widespread acute poverty and other adverse effects of drought. In order to effectively and efficiently combat desertification and reduce the impacts of further degradation, the Government of Kenya and partners are committed to developing and implementing methods, approaches, strategies, and mechanisms that would slow down or reverse this phenomenon. This chapter covers an in-depth review of advances made so far in the area of woody resources restoration and sustainable management in the drylands of Kenya through biodiversity assessments, conservation, rehabilitation, afforestation, and reafforestation initiatives and research. Achievements, challenges, and opportunities encountered are highlighted for sustainable development and wise utilization of dryland woody and allied resources.
FERALGINE™ a New Oral iron Compound
Authors: Talarico Valentina , Giancotti Laura , Antonio Mazza Giuseppe , Marrazzo Santina , Miniero Roberto , Bertini Marco
Published: November 2021

Management of iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is primarily focused to remove, when possible, the underlying cause of ID; subsequently its treatment is primary focused on iron stores repletion. Ferrous sulphate (FS) remains the mainstay of treatment and it is recommended as the first-line treatment of ID and IDA in children as in adults by all guidelines of scientific societies. However the effectiveness of FS is largely compromised by increased adverse effects, poor compliance and discontinuation of treatment. A new oral iron source named FERALGINE™ (FBC-A) has been recently developed. This new molecule is a patented co-processed one-to-one ratio compound between Ferrous Bysglicinate Chelate (FBC) and Sodium Alginate (AA), obtained by using a spray drying technology. The data presented in this short review highlight the efficacy and safety of the treatment with FBC-A and support its use in adult patients with IDA. Furthermore the present review also provides preliminary evidence to suggest FBC-A as first-line treatment for ID/IDA in patients with celiac disease (CD) or inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
Strengthening Innovative Leadership in the Turbulent Environment
Authors: Budiningsih Iffah , Dinarjo Soehari Tjiptogoro
Published: November 2021

Recently, in the Digital Transformation era that is trigger by technology, Industry 4.0 is a transformation process that leads to company changes that disrupt and affect all business processes. In the current transformation phase, leaders must have the ability to manage digital transformation processes and new digital organizations that are emerging which are changing in a volatile (turbulent) business environment. The discussion in this chapter book includes a content analysis of several leadership characters that are very influential in anticipating turbulent environmental changes, which include: leadership in the turbulent era, innovative leadership, leadership with high integrity, leadership with high EQ. The dynamics of the external environment such as economic, political, social, cultural, scientific, and technological changes very rapidly which will have an impact on the business environment: customers, suppliers, competitors, investors, government/law, and interest groups. The external environmental turbulence must be anticipated by all institutions by strengthening leadership so that leaders and their followers can create innovative products, processes, collaborations, communication, and have emotional intelligence that can capture the substance of the problem objectively and arouse the spirit of participation of all parties. Another very basic thing is a leader who has strong integrity, which is trustworthy, honest, moral, and has the credibility to produce solutions to various business problems so that in the end it produces excellent performance according to stakeholder expectations. Leaders need to proactively manage change through strengthening innovative ideas, creating new things as the key to creating a prime competitive advantage for the company. The leader is a figure who must be able to continuously adapt to the dynamics of the rapid development of the environment and market, supported by human resources, superior organization, and the right systems and procedures to achieve organizational goals.
Arthropods in Cosmetics, Pharmaceuticals and Medicine: A Review
Authors: Ebenebe Cordelia , Okweche Simon , Okore Oghale , Okpoko Valentine , Amobi Maduabuchi , Nneamaka Eze Joan , Ezenyilimba Benedeth , Okonkwo Michael
Published: November 2021

Apart from food, other important needs in the care of human bodies are cosmetics and drugs. For long the latter two are obtained from chemical formulations and phytochemicals (commonly used in Ethnomedicine), use of bioactive compounds from insects (i.e. “ento medicine” and “ento cosmetics”) is a recent development in research, even though the bioactive compounds were discovered long ago. This chapter is a review on a number of substances extracted from various insect species that are useful in cosmetics, pharmaceutical industries as well as those that form part of prescription for healing in orthodox and traditional medicine. The review is based on information from scientific reports, Google, e-library, textbooks. A number of substances were found to have been incorporated into cosmetic and pharmaceutical products and as part of prescriptions for healing in orthodox medicine, many others at elementary stages of investigation, purification and development. The findings showed that insects have a lot of bioactive substances that need to be harnessed for the good man.
In Silico Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Neuroprotective Potential of 25Mg2+: Releasing Nanocationites - Background and Perspectives
Authors: V. Fursov Valentin , V. Fursov Ilia , A. Bukhvostov Alexander , G. Majouga Aleksander , A. Kuznetsov Dmitry
Published: November 2021

Sharp blood circulation disorders are known for their capability to promote such abundant and hardly treatable pathologies as myocardium infarction and the ischemic brain stroke (“insult”). Noteworthy, the stroke — related brain tissue metabolic damages involve an essential ATP deplete clash along with a suppression of brain specific nucleotide — associated kinases and ATP synthase, both Mg2+ — dependent complex enzyme “machineries”. This itself makes the latter’s a legitimate target for some advanced pharmaceuticals as long as the drug — induced overstimulation of corresponding enzymatic activity is the case. Thus, magnetic isotope effects (MIE) of the nuclear spin possessing paramagnetic 25Mg2+ ions might modulate the brain creatine kinase, alfa-glycerophosphate kinase and pyruvate kinase catalytic activities in a way of a remarkable ATP hyperproduction required to compensate the hypoxia caused acute metabolic breakdown. To realize the Magnesium-25 pharmacological potential, a low-toxic amphiphilic cationite nanoparticles were introduced lately. Particularly, the Magnesium — releasing porphyrin-fullerene nanoadduct (cyclohexyl-C60-porphyrin, PMC16) has been proposed to meet expectations dealing with a targeted delivery of 25Mg2+ towards the brain ischemia surrounding areas. In order to optimize a multi-step [25Mg2+]4PMC16 preclinical trial scenario, the In Silico algorithms are to be developed and analyzed. In this study, these algorithms are in a focus with a special emphasize on a novel combination of slightly modified Gompertzian equation systems and a non-Markov population dynamics concept. This In Silico approach takes into account some literature-available patterns of brain hypoxia pathogenesis, the resulted simulation model could be considered as a promising tool for further research on experimental nanopharmacology of the ischemic stroke.
Intrusion Detection Based on Big Data Fuzzy Analytics
Authors: Jemili Farah , Bouras Hajer
Published: November 2021

In today’s world, Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of the significant tools used to the improvement of network security, by detecting attacks or abnormal data accesses. Most of existing IDS have many disadvantages such as high false alarm rates and low detection rates. For the IDS, dealing with distributed and massive data constitutes a challenge. Besides, dealing with imprecise data is another challenge. This paper proposes an Intrusion Detection System based on big data fuzzy analytics; Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) method is used to cluster and classify the pre-processed training dataset. The CTU-13 and the UNSW-NB15 are used as distributed and massive datasets to prove the feasibility of the method. The proposed system shows high performance in terms of accuracy, precision, detection rates, and false alarms.
El valor y el fin de la actividad sexual matrimonial según san Agustín
Authors: Covi Davide ,   Order of Augustinian Recollects
Published: November 2021

En los dos precedentes artículos hemos analizado el fin del acto sexual humano, mirando sus elementos óntico-éticos, y en consecuencia, el fin del acto sexual humano en su relación ético-jerárquica con las otras actividades o potencias humanas. Completemos ahora nuestra investigación del pensamiento agustiniano en orden al valor y fin de la actividad sexual matrimonial.
Success
Authors: Valberg J. J. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2021

The main thesis of this paper is that we have an irrational tendency to be over-impressed by success. The thesis is discussed mainly with reference to examples drawn from sport, where the role played by luck is crucial; but a brief attempt is made to generalize the thesis to other areas of life.
Keynote Session: Strategies for Prevention and Control of HPV-Associated Cancers
Authors: Kreppel Lillian R. , Mehta Shivan J. , Sawyer Mark H. , Trimble Edward L. , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Koh moderated by Wui-Jin
Published: November 2021

Infection with HPV is responsible for 5% of cancers, most of which are preventable with vaccination. Unfortunately, although vaccination rates are increasing in the United States, many adolescents remain unvaccinated due to a multifactorial set of barriers that are cultural, psychosocial, structural, and financial. At this Keynote session at the NCCN 2021 Virtual Annual Conference, a selection of expert panelists discussed efforts to improve vaccination rates.
Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Recommendations for Biomarker Testing and Treatment
Authors: Aisner Dara L. , Riely Gregory J.
Published: November 2021

Updates to the NCCN Guidelines for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) for 2021 include recommendations for biomarker testing in all appropriate patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer, including squamous cell lung cancer. When a targetable genetic alteration is detected, the NCCN Guidelines recommend treatment with a first-line therapy targeted to that alteration. The guidelines contain new information on use of adjuvant treatment with osimertinib for resected early-stage EGFR-mutated NSCLC. New targeted agents are now recommended for the treatment of ALK rearrangements, RET alterations, MET exon 14 skipping mutations in patients with advanced NSCLC; and new immunotherapy agents are recommended for advanced NSCLC without a driver oncogene.
Improving Health Equity and Reducing Disparities in Pediatric and Adolescent/Young Adult Oncology: In Support of Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Kahn Justine M. , Beauchemin Melissa
Published: November 2021

Despite extraordinary strides in cancer therapy over the past 30 years, racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and age-related survival disparities persist. Hodgkin lymphoma offers an excellent paradigm to understand these disparities because successful approaches are well established in both the up-front and relapsed treatment settings. The following review, which accompanies the 2021 NCCN Guidelines for Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma, suggests that systemic inequities in cancer care disproportionately affect minority and low-income children, adolescents, and young adults, and directly contribute to observed disparities in cancer-related outcomes. It proposes that the first step toward reducing disparities is large-scale dissemination of guidelines, because equity is best achieved when treatment approaches are clear, comprehensive, and standardized across all clinical practice settings.
Discurso político contra la democracia
Authors: Pérez Curiel Concha , Domínguez García Ricardo
Published: November 2021

El asalto al Capitolio y el proceso de impeachment contra Donald Trump, tras las elecciones en EEUU (3-N), reabren el debate sobre el poder de la Retórica en el discurso político. Un líder no sometido a reglas impone el lenguaje de la desinformación y del populismo como eje del relato. Twitter se convierte en una herramienta para la deslegitimación de las instituciones, a través de un mensaje que arenga a las masas a la movilización. El objetivo principal del estudio es conocer la temática y estrategias discursivas de Trump en Twitter, dirigidas a denunciar la conspiración y el fraude de los resultados electorales. Aplicamos una metodología de análisis de contenido triangulado basada en el uso de palabras claves (15.365) sobre una muestra general de tuits (721) publicados por el mandatario desde el día después de las elecciones hasta la proclamación de Joe Biden como presidente electo de EEUU. El avance de resultados pone de relieve la influencia del líder, por delante de gobiernos y partidos, el poder de un lenguaje simple y subliminal, el sesgo personal de ganador o de víctima y una capacidad de producción de falacias en Twitter sin precedentes. Los efectos de la mentira de Trump sobre la audiencia social requieren de acciones conjuntas de instituciones, medios de comunicación y plataformas sociales que garanticen el futuro de la democracia.
NON-CONTACT DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENTS ON POLYMER FILMS
Authors: Škipina Blanka , Luyt Adriaan S. , Dudić Duško
Published: November 2021

Dielectric characterization of materials in the RF domain is usually carried out on samples with applied electroconductive electrodes. A high-quality contact between a sample and the measuring electrodes provides a stable current flow through the sample and information on the exact value of the electric field in which the sample is located. It also enables a simple measuring instrument to determine the dielectric parameters of the material being tested. However, the presence of contact potentials and the exchange of charge between the test material and the applied electrodes can mask some electrical phenomena in the material or significantly affect how we perceive these phenomena. In order to detect weak electrical processes in the material, for example the photoelectric response of non-polar polymers, contactless dielectric measurements must be carried out. The literature on non-contact dielectric measurements in the RF domain is poor, and because of that, this paper presents the methodology for determining the dielectric parameters of film-shaped materials in conditions of contactless dielectric measurements.
GADOLINIUM SORPTION ON MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES
Authors: Maksin Danijela , Vukčević Marija , Đurkić Tatjana , Stanišić Ivana , Bakić Tamara , Radomirović Milena , Onjia Antonije
Published: November 2021

Rare earth metals are deemed to be the materials of future due to their numerous applications including medical diagnostics, nuclear facilities, petroleum industry, etc. In this paper, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which possess unique physicochemical properties, were evaluated as sorbents for lanthanoid gadolinium from aqueous solutions. The pH-dependent sorption behavior of Gd was studied in the pH range from 3 to 11 at room temperature (298 K). Equilibrium data over a range of initial Gd concentrations of 5−50 mg L−1 was analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models. Sorption kinetics was fitted with the pseudo-first-order, the pseudo-second-order and fractional power kinetic models.
THE INFLUENCE OF REACTION TIME ON THE PROPERTIES OF MICROWAVE SYNTHESIZED POLY(LACTIDE)
Authors: Ristić Ivan , Jotanović Milovan , Erceg Tamara , Nikolić Ljubiša , Cakić Suzana , Mićić Vladan , Pavlović Stefan , Begić Sabina
Published: November 2021

The consequence of drastic reduction in fossil fuel reserves has forced the scientific community to find and develop new ways to exploit renewable resources and optimize the process of polymer materials production. The aim is to obtain applicable polymer whose complete life cycle is set in ecological framework. Poly(lactide) (PLA) meets these requirements as biodegradable polyester whose monomer is derived from the plant feedstock containing carbohydrates. PLA could be prepared using the different synthesis routes, but from the point of energy saving, as well as environmental protection, the microwave synthesis of PLA is the best solution. In this work, poly(L-lactide) were synthesized in microwave reactor. Reaction time was varied, while the other parameters of the synthesis were constant. The structures of obtained polymers were confirmed by Fourier – transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). For determination of molar masses of poly(L-lactide) samples, the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was applied. Thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
3D PRINTING AND 3D BIOPRINTING TO USE FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Šljivić Milan , Mirjanić Dragoljub , Šljivić Nataša , Fragassa Cristiano , Pavlović Ana
Published: November 2021

The Additive manufacturing 3D printing is a process of creating a three dimensional solid objects or rapid prototyping of 3D models from a digital file, which builds layer by layer. The 3D bioprinting is a form sophisticated of 3D printing technology involving cells and tissues for the production of tissue for regenerative medicine, which is also built layer by layer into the area of human tissue or organ. This paper defines the modern methods and materials of the AM, which are used for the development of physical models and individually adjusted implants for 3D printing for medical purposes. The main classification of 3D printing and 3D bioprinting technologies are also defined by typical materials and a field of application. It is proven that 3D printing and 3D bioprinting techniques have a huge potential and a possibility to revolutionize the field of medicine.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION AND INCIDENCE OF DENTAL ENAMEL EROSION IN PATIENTS UNDER ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY
Authors: Trtić Nataša , Arbutina Radmila , Janković Ognjenka , Mirjanić Vladan , Veselinović Valentina
Published: November 2021

Dental erosions are defined as an irreversible loss of hard dental tissue caused by long-lasting and repetitive acid action, which dissolves the surface layer of hydroxyapatite crystal structure and fluorapatite, and the aggressive noxis not being created by the bacteria. Dental erosions can also be classified as occupational diseases. People who taste wine or carbonated drinks on a daily basis, as well as the people who are professionally engaged in swimming can spot this type of defect on their own teeth. Evaporation of industrial acids in battery factories, sanitary materials, or crystalline glass can also lead to dental erosions. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of dental erosion in patients under antihypertensive therapy and compare them with the frequency of dental erosion in patients who did not take the same therapy. Material and method: This research involved 62 respondents, aged from 20 to 70. Patients were classified into two groups, the experimental group with 31 patients being on a therapy with antihypertensive medications for more than 5 years, and the other one, control group, with 31 patients not being on the mentioned therapy. The subjective dental anamnesis obtained from the patients was noted along with tooth status, soft tissue intraoral examination and the degree of erosive changes according to BEWE index (Basic Erosive Wear Examination). Results: Comparing the statistical significance in difference between erosive index value of all teeth, there is obvious statistical difference of the average value. In the experimental group (p0.05), higher values of tooth erosion index were noted in comparison with the control group. The average value in the experimental group is 2.25, while in the control group it is 1.37. Conclusion: Erosive lesions are present in both experimental and control group respondents, with dental erosion being more explicit with patients who use antihypertensive medications.
Distinct dendritic Ca2+ spike forms produce opposing input-output transformations in rat CA3 pyramidal cells
Authors: Magó Ádám , Kis Noémi , Lükő Balázs , Makara Judit K
Published: November 2021

Proper integration of different inputs targeting the dendritic tree of CA3 pyramidal cells (CA3PCs) is critical for associative learning and recall. Dendritic Ca2+ spikes have been proposed to perform associative computations in other PC types by detecting conjunctive activation of different afferent input pathways, initiating afterdepolarization (ADP), and triggering burst firing. Implementation of such operations fundamentally depends on the actual biophysical properties of dendritic Ca2+ spikes; yet little is known about these properties in dendrites of CA3PCs. Using dendritic patch-clamp recordings and two-photon Ca2+ imaging in acute slices from male rats, we report that, unlike CA1PCs, distal apical trunk dendrites of CA3PCs exhibit distinct forms of dendritic Ca2+ spikes. Besides ADP-type global Ca2+ spikes, a majority of dendrites expresses a novel, fast Ca2+ spike type that is initiated locally without bAPs, can recruit additional Na+ currents, and is compartmentalized to the activated dendritic subtree. Occurrence of the different Ca2+ spike types correlates with dendritic structure, indicating morpho-functional heterogeneity among CA3PCs. Importantly, ADPs and dendritically initiated spikes produce opposing somatic output: bursts versus strictly single-action potentials, respectively. The uncovered variability of dendritic Ca2+ spikes may underlie heterogeneous input-output transformation and bursting properties of CA3PCs, and might specifically contribute to key associative and non-associative computations performed by the CA3 network.
Pollution Status and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water, Sediment and Fish from Ezu-River, Anaku, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogbuagu J. O. , Obi E. N. , Okeke A. P. , Ukpai U. E.
Published: November 2021

The distribution of the sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was studied in surface water, sediment and three fish species (African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Trout fish (Mormyrus rume) and Hetrobranchus longefilis) from Ezu-river, Anaku, Anambra State, Nigeria. The samples were analysed for PAHs by means of Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results of PAHs showed that, in surface water, the highest concentration was related to benzo(a)pyrene whereas benzo(k)fluoranthene was the most important pollutant in sediment. For the fish samples, Hetrobranchus longefilis recorded the highest concentration in Naphthalene while Anthracene was the most dominant pollutants in Mormyrus rume and in Clarias gariepinus benz(b) fluoranthene was the highest pollutants. The Health and exposure risk assessment was conducted for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic exposure in adults and children which shows that the cumulative cancer risk and hazard index were within USEPA regulatory standard. Calculated Hazard Index for fish and water samples were less than one and thus be recommended for consumption.
Analysis of the Competitiveness of Floating Net Cage Aquaculture in Indonesia
Authors: Handaka Suryana Asep Agus , Litundzira Wanda Nur
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitiveness profile of floating net cage aquaculture in Indonesia. The research was conducted in February – June 2021 at the Directorate General of Aquaculture, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia. The data collection method used in this study is the literature survey method. Primary data in the form of questionnaires with expert judgment respondents as many as 13 people consisting of 11 Lecturers of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University, and 2 employees of the Directorate General of Aquaculture, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia regarding the proportion of competitiveness of floating net cage aquaculture fisheries. Secondary data in the form of statistical data on floating net cage aquaculture in 2017 was obtained from the Directorate General of Aquaculture, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia. Data analysis was carried out by using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that Central Java Province which was supported by facilities and infrastructure variables, West Java Province which was supported by human resources and production variables, and North Sulawesi Province which was supported by science and technology variables were in the top three with very high competitiveness category, while the Riau Islands Province and the Bangka Belitung Islands Province are in the bottom two ranks with the low competitiveness category.
Bayesian Regression of Government Expenditure on Revenue in Nigeria
Authors: Akanbi Olawale Basheer
Published: November 2021

The relationship between government expenditure and its revenue is generating serious debate among researchers. Similarly, their has been a controversy between the classical and the bayesian modelling. Therfore, this study examined the relationship between the government expenditure and its revenue in Nigeria using the bayesian approach. The finance data extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin from 1989 to 2018 were considered for the study. Bayesian linear regression was used to fit the model. Normal distribution was fit for the likelihood. Thus, normal-gamma prior was elicited for the bayesian regression parameters. The result showed that the Bayesian estimates with elicited normal-gamma prior produced a better posterior mean of 0.536 for the Total Revenue with a smaller posterior standard deviation of 0.00001 when compared with the OLS standard deviation of 0.05256. Similarly, the total revenue explained 78% variations in the Total expenditure. The constructed model fit was: Total Expenditure = 98.57128 + 0.53630* Total Revenue. This showed that a naira unit of the total expenditure will always be increased by 0.54 of the total revenue. Forecast of 30 years for the total expenditure using both OLS and Bayesian (normal gamma prior) were increasing as the years were progressing. Government should look for a way to increase its revenue in order to sustain the future expenses of the government since expenditure increases yearly.