bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desmitificando la vejez... Hacia una libertad situada II
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Aimar Ángela , De Dominici Cecilia , Stessens María Luisa , Torre Martha , Videla Nora
Published: June 2021

Uno de los fenómenos de mayor impacto a nivel mundial en la actualidad es el envejecimiento de la población, el cual moviliza los paradigmas vigentes en el cuidado de la salud de los adultos mayores en su vida cotidiana, generando desafíos para repensar el desarrollo de sus potencialidades, capacidades y roles en la sociedad actual. Este libro presenta hallazgos de un estudio cualitativo en torno a las vivencias de los adultos mayores relacionadas a proyectos de vida activos y creativos.
La identidad política de la renovación:
Authors: Reynares Juan Manuel
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo pretende delinear la configuración discursiva que enmarca el proceso de transformación en la identidad política del peronismo cordobés en la segunda mitad de la década de 1980. En ese transcurso, adquiere importancia el fenómeno de la “Renovación Peronista”, una línea interna cuya identidad fue sobredeterminada por el discurso hegemónico democrático, que estuvo presente durante los primeros de la transición. La demanda central por la elección directa de los dirigentes partidarios, como también la defensa de las instituciones democráticas a nivel provincial y nacional, marcaron esa transformación de la identidad peronista. Ello se completó con una progresiva articulación, ya visible en 1986, con demandas y sectores liberales. En este último caso, la participación del peronismo renovador en la Convención Constituyente de 1987, junto con la selección de Domingo Cavallo como tercer candidato a diputado nacional en las elecciones legislativas nacionales del mismo año, fueron indicadores de ese acercamiento
The Two Princes
Authors: Groppo Alejandro
Published: June 2021

Este libro es un estudio comparativo del surgimiento político de Perón en Argentina y Vargas en Brasil. Busca describir y explicar cómo y por qué peronismo y varguismo fueron dos proyectos políticos diferentes. Utilizando las herramientas de la teoría del discurso político, este libro analiza las implicaciones que tuvieron Perón y Vargas
Utprøving av en tilpasset gruppebehandling for unge voksne
Authors: Try Eva , Halmøy Anne , Hufthammer Karl Ove , Borge Lisbet
Published: June 2021

Background: There is a need for special attention to patients in the transition between adolescent and adult psychiatric services. This study investigates effects of a group therapy on depression, anxiety, self-esteem and personal experiences among the youngest patients in an adult outpatient clinic.

Method: Patients between 18 and 25 years participated in a 10-week group treatment based on psychoeducation and cognitive therapy. Outcomes were self-reported and both quantitative and qualitative.

Results: Of 35 included patients (equal gender distribution, mean age 21 years), 31 completed treatment. Forty-nine percent were diagnosed with depression and 23 % with anxiety. Depressive symptoms and self-esteem improved after treatment, whereas anxiety symptoms did not. Group participation gave new perspectives on own difficulties and a sense of belonging in a safe setting with people they could relate to.

Conclusion: Group treatment adapted to young adults may be a suitable and feasible treatment intervention for this vulnerable patient group.

Keywords: Depression, anxiety, young adults, cognitive therapy, group therapy, users’ experience

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Birth Ordinal and Trust on Close Interpersonal Relationship: A Comparative Study of First and Last Born Individuals
Authors: Memon Parvasha , Malik Muniza
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in the level of trust in close interpersonal relationships among first born and last-born individuals. The sample of the present study was comprised of 120 participants (first born=60; last born=60). Data was collected through purposive random sampling. The age range of the participants in the present study was 20-45 years and both genders were given equal representation. Trust level of the participants was measured through Trust in close interpersonal relationship scale. Personal Information Questionnaire was also used to gather the information about the characteristics of participants such as age, birth ordinal, gender, education etc. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences in the trust level of first born and last born. Findings revealed significant differences in the trust level of first born and last-born participants. Last born participants have more trust in interpersonal relationship. Gender differences were also found in the trust level. Females have more trust than males. The implications of the study have discussed in terms of child-rearing practices.
Contestations and Transformations: The Shared Religious Space of Jhule Lal in Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Shah Muhbat Ali , Malik Aisha Anees
Published: June 2021

Syncretic and shared religious spaces have long been perceived as reflections of tolerance. This does not imply that tolerance is completely liberated from multiple clashing components and the coexistence of interfaith practices do not suggest that hostility is entirely missing. In recent times, a transformation is taking place at the shared space of the Jhule Lal by the dominant religious group. However, there remains an appearance of tolerance at the shared space of the Jhule Lal among believers of both Islam and Hinduism, which blinds the observer of the deep internal contestation and process of transformation between both Sindhi Hindus and Sindhi Muslims who revere the same saint of the Jhule Lal. A syncretic space does not simply absorb different religious groups, and by studying the practices, rituals and interactions of the custodians, visitors and devotees at the shrine, this paper aims to unearth the processes through which shrine is contested in multiple identities, discourse (written, textual, verbal) authority, and belief systems.
Terrorism in Karachi, Sindh Pakistan: A Case Study of Safoora-Incident
Authors: Abbasi Sanaullah
Published: June 2021

Terrorism is contentious issue. It has affected the lives of people across the country. This paper analyses the factors for incidence of terrorism in Karachi city which has great economic importance for country. The city represents all communities belonging to various parts of the country. Migration of people from other provinces has significally changed demographic profile of the city. This study presents statistics about various offences committed in Hyderabad and Karachi. It describes important facts about the militant groups involved in the acts of terrorism in Karachi. It has been argued in the study that in some cases the acts of violence were politically motivated and in other cases terrorism acts were sponsored by religious groups. In order to understand the complex phenomenon of terrorism in Karachi, this study investigates the root causes of terrorism including economic deprivation. In most cases marginal sections of society have been found involved in the acts of terrorism. Thus, this study creates need for social reforms, poverty alleviation and provision of quality education. Further capacity-building of Law Enforcement Agencies to cope with this situation has been emphasized in this study. This paper also recommends some proposals for dealing with the issue of terrorism.
Appraising the Impact of Kenya’s Cyber-Harassment Law on the Freedom of Expression
Authors: Sugow Abdulmalik , Zalo Margaret , Rutenberg Isaac
Published: June 2021

Kenya’s Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act makes it an offence, in Section 27, for a person to communicate with another a message that they know or ought to know would cause the recipient fear; is indecent or offensive in nature; or would detrimentally affect the recipient. This offence carries a penalty of either a 20 million shilling fine or a 10-year term of imprisonment or—discretionarily—both. While the offence is termed ‘cyber-harassment’, its wording appears to exclude a number of offences that would count as cyber-harassment such as cyber-stalking, doxing or impersonation. In fact, its wording is vague and overbroad, using undefined terms such as ‘detrimentally affect’ which require subjective interpretation. Cyber-harassment laws constitute a limitation on the freedom of expression and as such, ought to conform to the limitations of human rights test as provided in Article 24 of the Constitution. Where the aim sought is legitimate in a democratic society and other conditions such as legality are met, this limitation is valid. This paper reviews Kenya’s law that was recently upheld by the High Court in Bloggers Association of Kenya (BAKE) v Attorney General & Three others; Article 19 East Africa & another and finds that it fails to meet the limitations test prescribed under Article 24 of the Constitution. It argues that Section 27 of the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act is therefore overbroad and has the potential to be used as a tool for the unconstitutional suppression of legitimate criticism.
Examining CAATTs Implementation by Internal Auditors in the Public Sector
Authors: Ahmi Aidi , Saidin Siti Zabedah , Abdullah Akilah
Published: June 2021

Computer Assisted Audit Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) are not new for auditors, and it needs to be adopted to gain the audit efficiency and effectiveness especially in a current era of technology. This paper examined the implementation of CAATTs by internal auditors in the public sector. Accordingly, this research reports the results from 12 interviews made with internal audit departments in public sector in both federal and state level in Malaysia. This research found that the implementation of CAATTs by internal auditors in public sector is still low due to lack of expertise, high implementation and maintenance cost, limited access of auditeeâ€™s data, and most of them prefer to conduct the audit manually. Furthermore, it is not mandatory for them to use CAATTs. The evidence is a contrast with the encouragement made by the government to improve the IT usage in public sector. The results implied that training for future auditors in CAATTs to ensure the successful implementation is crucial. For CAATTs to be a success, the head of internal audit also must have the awareness about the importance of CAATTs as well as enforcement of its implementation.
The Emergence of Islamic Banks in Somalia in the Post-Conflict Era: Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Musse Abdifatah Mohamed , Ab Rashid Rosemaliza , Zainol Zairy
Published: June 2021

Since the fall of Somalia’s central government in 1991, Somalia experienced an intractable civil war that not only undermined and devastated much of the nations’ social life but also, led to a massive collapse of the country’s financial sector. Nearly a quarter century, Somalia has no functioning financial system due to the conflict and political mayhem. Such circumstances prevented Somalia from developing an effective and coherent financial system. Following the collapse of the country’s institutions, the only financial system that existed during these turbulent times were Xawaalads or money transfer operators mostly founded by Somali diasporas migrated to many countries around the world due to the country’s instability. Another type of informal financial service emerged during the conflict was mobile money or mobile banking operated by giant telecommunication companies in the country. Following the formation of Somalia’s federal government in 2012 and the return of relative normalcy, the major money transfer companies converted to full banking institutions and sought a license from the central bank as full-fledged Islamic financial banks. The purpose of this paper is to explore the emergence of the Islamic banking industry, opportunities and challenges ahead. The paper relied on secondary data obtained from textbooks, journals, newspapers and reports. The study found that Islamic banks in Somalia have potential opportunities but face unique challenges due to the effects of the civil war. The paper also postulates some recommendations for the policymakers to deal with the challenges facing the Islamic banks in Somalia.
transformative potential of Nia® as experienced by six advanced Nia® instructors
Authors: Le Roux Chantal
Published: June 2021

This study explored the transformative potential of Nia as experienced by six Brown or Black Belt Nia instructors. Nia is a barefoot fitness practice that is done to music, focusing on technical precision, individual expression and the sensation of pleasure (Nia South Africa, 2010). The participants had experienced transformation which was defined as a change that brings about a long-lasting state, including a fundamental shift in perspective and attention. This shift in perception includes the way in which one sees oneself and the world, and consequently impacts one’s relationships and values in a lasting way (Schlitz el al., 2007). Interpretative phenomenological analysis (Smith et al., 2009) was used and semi-structured, online interviews and thematic analysis were conducted to derive overarching themes. Eight themes included valuing the body as the most important relationship, self-regulation through the practice of Nia, healthier relationships, transformation through embodied principles, Nia as a sacred livelihood, disciplined practice as key to on-going transformation, healing the world through Nia, and increased spiritual connection to the universe. The findings have potential implications for advanced Nia practitioners, the Nia community and those interested in transformation through movement practices. Limitations of this study and further research are discussed.
A three year review of twin deliveries in a specialist hospital in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: A. Oyaromade  , B. A Muhammad  , A. Omigbodun
Published: June 2021

Background: Although the frequency of twin pregnancies varies from one ethnic group to another, there has been a general trend toward an increase recently. Maternal and perinatal mortality are higher in twin than singleton pregnancies. Most studies on twinning had been done in university teaching hospitals where conditions are different from what is seen in secondary-care health institutions where this study was done Objectives: To determine the incidence, mode of delivery and maternal and perinatal outcomes of twin deliveries at a secondary-level hospital in North-Western Nigeria. Methodology: This was a descriptive study of 96 twin deliveries over a three-year period between May 2013 and April 2016 at a secondary-level hospital with access to specialist obstetricians and paediatricians. Result: There were 4,567 deliveries, with 101 twin deliveries, an incidence of 2.2% or 1 in 45 deliveries. The mean maternal age and parity were 26.4 years and 3.2 respectively. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.9 weeks, with a mean birth weight of 2.18kg and 2.01kg for the first and second twins respectively. Male twins constituted 53.2% of twin births. The common presentations of the twins were cephalic–cephalic (64.6%), cephalic–breech (16.7%) and breech–breech (6.3%). Mode of deliveries were vertex vaginal (77.1%) and caesarean (14.6%). Breech presentation of the leading twin was the commonest indication for caesarean section (57.1%). Anaemia in pregnancy (16.7%) was the commonest maternal complication, while prematurity was the leading cause of perinatal mortality. Conclusion: Preterm delivery, malpresentation, operative delivery and maternal anaemia in pregnancy were commonly seen in association with twin pregnancy in this cohort of patients.
Pengaruh Lama Waktu Osmosis Terhadap Kandungan Vitamin C dalam Minuman Sari buah Stroberi dan Apel
Authors: Devianti Vika Ayu , Amalia Anisa Rizki
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKVitamin C berperan penting dalam mempertahankan daya tahan tubuh. Vitamin C mudah teroksidasi dan tidakstabil dalam bentuk larutan. Vitamin C banyak ditemukan dalam buah – buahan, diantaranya adalah apel danstroberi. Apel dan stroberi ini sering diolah dalam bentuk minuman sari buah melalui proses ekstraksi osmosis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu osmosis (30 dan 60 menit) dan penambahan gula 10% terhadap kandungan vitamin C dalam minuman sari buah apel dan stroberi. Penambahan gula 10% mampu memperkecil penurunan kadar vitamin C dalam minuman sari buah. Penurunan kadar vitamin C pada sampel sari buah stroberi tanpa penambahan gula adalah 18,7% pada menit ke-30 dan 37,5% pada menit ke-60, sedangkan penambahan gula 10% mengalami penurunan sebesar 2,7% pada menit ke-30 dan 7,9% pada menit ke-60. Penurunan kadar vitamin C pada sampel sari buah apel tanpa penambahan gula adalah 24,2% pada menitke-30 dan 41,6% pada menit ke-60, sedangkan penambahan gula 10% mengalami penurunan sebesar 10,6% pada menit ke-30 dan 21,4% pada menit ke-60.Kata kunci: Vitamin C, sukrosa, minuman sari buah, apel, strawberry, osmosis ABSTRACTVitamin C plays an important in human body. Vitamin C is easily degraded by heat, light, oxygen, and heavy metal cations. Vitamin C mostly found in fruits, such as strawberry and apple. Generally strawberry and apple are processed into fruit juice by adding sugar using osmosis extraction. The objective of this research is to findout the effect of osmosis time and sugar addition towards the vitamin C level in strawberry and apple juice. The result showed that sugar addition can affect the vitamin C level in strawberry and apple juice. Sugars can decrease the oxygen solubility causing less oxygen availability for oxidation of vitamin C. The diminish of vitamin C content in apple juice with sugar addition were 10,6% and 21,4% for 30 and 60 minutes of osmosis time; while strawberry juice with sugar addition able to lowering vitamin C level until 18,7% and 37,5% for 30 and 60 minutes of osmosis time.Keywords: Vitamin C, sucrose, apple juice, strawberry juice, osmosis,
Sintesis Sol-Gel dan Karakterisasi Struktur Padatan FeF3 dengan Difraksi Sinar-X
Authors: A’yuni Qurrota , Dhaniswara Trisna Kumala
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKMaterial FeF3 dapat diaplikasikan dalam berbagai bidang diantaranya sebagai material katoda untuk baterai ion litium dan katalis heterogen pada beberapa reaksi yang melibatkan sisi asam. Sintesis FeF3 dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa cara, salah satunya dengan metode sol-gel. Di dalam proses sol-gel adanya agen gelasi dapat mengontrol porositas dan sifat keasaman katalis. Pada penelitian ini dipilih agen gelasi dari senyawa alkohol yaitu metanol dan etanol. Masing-masing padatan yang telah disintesis kemudian dikarakterisasi struktur padatannya dengan difraksi sinar-X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padatan FeF3 telah berhasil disintesis melalui metode sol gel dengan agen gelasi yang berbeda yaitu metanol dan etanol yang masing-masing dituliskan sebagai FeF3(me) dan FeF3(et). Karakterisasi struktur padatan FeF3 menggunakan difraksi sinar-X menghasilkan difraktogram yang sesuai dengan PDF No. 85-0481 dan data ICSD kode 016671 yang memilikistruktur rhombohedral dengan space group R-3cR dan panjang kisi kristal sebesar a = b = c = 5,362 Å dengan sudut α = β = γ = 57,99°. Struktur kristal FeF3 disusun oleh ion Fe3+ dengan jari-jari 0,384 Å dan ion F- dengan jari-jari 0,798 Å dengan tipe ikatan ionik. Rasio besarnya kristalinitas FeF3(et) dibandingkan dengan kristalinitasFeF3(me) sebesar 5:4.Kata kunci: FeF3, sintesis sol-gel, difraksi sinar-X, struktur padatan. ABSTRACTFeF3 material can be applied in various fields including as cathode material for lithium ion batteries and heterogeneous catalysts in some reactions involving the acid side. Synthesis of FeF3 can be done in several ways, one of them is the sol-gel method. In the sol-gel process the gelation agent can control the porosity and acidity of the catalyst. In this study, gelation agents were selected from alcohol compounds, namely methanol and ethanol. The solids that has been synthesized was then solid structure characterized by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that FeF3 solids were successfully synthesized through the sol-gel method with different gelation agents, namely methanol and ethanol, each of which was written as FeF3(me) and FeF3(et). Characterization of the solid structure of FeF3 using X-ray diffraction produces a diffractogram according to the PDF No. 85-0481 and ICSD data code 016671 which has a rhombohedral structure with space group R-3cR andcrystal lattice length of a = b = c = 5.362 Å with an angle α = β = γ = 57.99°. The crystal structure of FeF3 is composed by Fe3+ ions with radius 0.384 Å and F- ions with radius 0.798 Å with ionic bond types. The ratio of the crystallinity of FeF3(et) compared to the crystallinity of FeF3(me) is 5:4.Keywords: FeF3, sol-gel synthesis, X-ray diffraction, solid structur.
Potensi Filtrat Jeruk Siam terhadap Penurunan Konsentrasi Kadar Cu dan Zn pada Ikan Keting
Authors: Sabila Purity , Kusuma P Intan Ayu
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah dengan menggunakan berbagai konsentrasi filtrat jeruk siam yang mengandung asam sitrat dan lama perendaman yang berbeda dapat menurunkan kadar cu dan zn pada ikan keting yang telah terpapar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian eksperimental rancangan two way kadar cu dan zn setelah diberi perlakuan yaitu lama waktu perendaman (30, 60, dan 90 menit) dan perbedaan konsentrasi filtrat (0%, 25%, 75% dan 100%). Penelitian dilakukan dengan 5 kali pengulangan yang kemudian di rata-rata. Hasilnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian two way (dua arah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pada lama perendaman terhadap kadar penurunan Cu, namun pada perbedaan konsentrasi filtrat jeruk siam tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kadar penurunan Cu pada ikan keting. Selain itu, terdapat pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi filtrat jeruk siam dan perbedaan lama perendaman terhadap penurunan kadar Zn pada ikan keting.Kata kunci: filtrat jeruk siam, ikan keting, Cu, Zn ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine whether using various concentrations of siam filtrate containing citric acid and various dipping time can reduce the levels of Cu and Zn in keting fish that have been exposed. Thestudy was conducted using an experimental study design of two-way levels of cu and zn after being given treatment, variation of dipping time (30, 60, and 90 minutes) and variation of concentration (0%, 25%, 75% and 100%) and conducted in 5 repetitions. The results were analyzed using two way variance analysis. The results showed that there was an effect on the dipping time on the levels of Cu reduction, but the difference in concentration of filtrate did not effect the level of Cu reduction in keting fish. In addition, there was an effect onthe various concentration of filtrate and the dipping time on the levels of Zn reduction.Keywords: filtrate siam orange, keting fish, Cu, Zn
Pengaruh Perendaman Umbi dan Tepung Porang Dalam Sari Buah Belimbing Wuluh Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Kadar Kalsium Oksalat
Authors: Wardani Ratih Kusuma , Handrianto Prasetyo
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKUmbi porang merupakan tanaman umbi-umbian yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia khususnya di daerah Saradan Madiun Jawa Timur. Dalam pengolahan pascapanen, umbi porang diolah menjadi keripik dan tepung untuk memperpanjang waktu simpannya. Baik umbi maupun tepung porang masih mengandung kalsium oksalat dengan kadar yang cukup tinngi. Kalsium oksalat dapat menyebabkan rasa gatal pada lidah saat dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman umbi dan tepung porang dalam larutan sari buah belimbing wuluh. Tepung porang yang direndam dalam larutan sari buah belimbing wuluh mengalami gelatinasi. Konsentrasi larutan sari buah belimbing wuluh mempengaruhi kadar kalsium oksalat pada umbi dan tepung porang. Penurunan kadar kalsium oksalat paling besar pada umbi dan tepung porang terjadi setelah sampel direndam larutan sari buah belimbing wuluh 7% v/v.Kata kunci: porang, kalsium oksalat, belimbing wuluh.ABSTRACTPorang tubers are a plant that widely grown in Indonesia, especially in the Saradan Madiun East Java. After harvesting process, porang tubers are processed into chips and flour to increase storage time. Both tubers and porang flour still contain high levels of calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate can cause itching on the tongue when consumed. This study aims to determine the effect of soaking tubers and porang flour in Averrhoa bilimbi juice solution. Porang flour soaked in the Averrhoa bilimbi juice solution undergo gelatination. The concentration of Averrhoa bilimbi juice solution affected the calcium oxalate level in porang tuber and flour. The biggest decrease in calcium oxalate levels in porang tubers and porang flour occurred after the samples were soaked in 7% v/vAverrhoa bilimbijuice solution.Keywords: porang, calcium oxalate, averrhoa bilimbi.
Pemberian POC (Pupuk Organik Cair) Air Limbah Tempe dan Limbah Buah Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Pramushinta Intan Ayu Kusuma , Yulian Rosalia
Published: June 2021

Dalam bidang pertanian terjadi kerusakan lingkungan termasuk kerusakan tanah karena penggunaan pupuk kimia secara berlebihan. Limbah merupakan kasus pencemaran lingkungan yang dapat menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan dan memburuknya kesehatan bagi masyarakat, hal ini diakibatkan oleh limbah cair yang didapat dari berbagai kegiatan industri, terutama pada industri pangan karena menyisakan unsur-unsur yang langsung terbuang. Pemanfaatan berbagai limbah menjadi pupuk organik merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi masalah pencemaran lingkungan. Air limbah tempe dan buah pepaya merupakan salah satu limbah produksi yang memiliki kandungan organik tinggi juga mengandung unsur hara makro dan mikro yang berpotensi memperbaiki struktur tanah dan membantu proses pertumbuhan tanaman. Sehingga dibuatlah pemanfaatan limbah tersebut dalam bentuk Pupuk Organik Cair yang diaplikasikan pada tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Peneliti mengangkat judul ini dengan tujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kedua limbah pada konsentrasi PO (0%), P1(10%), P2 (20%), dan P3 (30%) terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman pakcoy. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) kemudian dilanjutkan uji ANOVA, uji LSD/BNT, dan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa POC air limbah tempe dan limbah buah pepaya berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman pakcoy. Konsentrasi yang memberikan hasil optimal adalah 30%.         

Kata kunci: Pupuk Organik Cair, limbah, air limbah tempe, buah pepaya, pakcoy
Efektivitas Ekstrak Rimpang Pacing (Costus speciosus), Daun Srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) dan Ekstrak Kombinasinya Terhadap Penurunan Jumlah Folikel Tersier dan Folikel De Graff Pada Mencit Betina (Mus musculus)
Authors: Ajiningrum Purity Sabila , Amilah Susie , Widyaningtyas Prafikka Galuh
Published: June 2021

Salah satu cara menanggulangi pertumbuhan penduduk yang tidak terkendali adalah dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi melalui program Keluarga Berencana (KB). Kontrasepsi yang beredar kebanyakan merupakan kontrasepsi sintetis yang memiliki risiko terhadap kesehatan pemakainya. Alternatif lain yang dapat digunakan sebagai kontrasepsi dengan efek samping tidak berbahaya yaitu memanfaatkan tanaman obat yang mengandung senyawa antifertilitas. Beberapa tanaman yang mengandung senyawa antifertilitas yaitu srikaya (Annona squamosa L.) dan pacing (Costus speciosus (Koen.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak rimpang pacing dan daun srikaya terhadap jumlah folikel tersier dan folikel de graff pada mencit betina. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental menggunakan Metode analisis uji F (anova) satu arah dengan percobaan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Penurunan jumlah folikel tersier terbaik adalah pada pemberian ekstrak daun srikaya pada dosis 250 mg/kg BB. Pada folikel de graff, perlakuan terbaik adalah pada pemberian ekstrak daun srikaya dosis 250 mg/kg BB dan pemberian ekstrak kombinasi ekstrak rimpang pacing dan daun srikaya yaitu pada pemberian dosis 125:125 mg/kg BB. Penurunan jumlah folikel tersier dan folikel de graff juga dapat disebabkan karena adanya kandungan bahan aktif yang ada didalam rimpang pacing dan daun srikaya. Penurunan jumlah folikel pada tiap-tiap perlakuan juga dipengaruhi banyaknya dosis yang diberikan sehingga semakin banyak jumlah dosis yang diberikan, maka semakin sedikit jumlah folikel yang terbentuk.
Potensi Antimikroba Ekstrak Ethanol Ganoderma lucidum Menggunakan Metode Bioautografi terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Bacillus subtillis
Authors: Sudarwati Tri Puji Lestari , Fernanda M.A. Hanny Ferry
Published: June 2021

Potensi antibakteri ekstrak ethanol jamur lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) menggunakan metode analisis KLT bioautografi terhadap Escherichia coli dan Bacillus subtillis sebagai penelitian pendahuluan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder pada jamur lingzi. Soxhletasi merupakan metode untuk mengekstraksi serbuk jamur lingzhi menggunakan pelarut etanol. Bioautografi merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder pada jamur lingzi dan potensi antibakteri. Konsentrasi yang digunakan yaitu: 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%dan 10%, dengan pengulangan sebanyak 5 kali. KLT bioautografi menggunakan n-butanol : Asam asetat glasial : Air (4:1:5) sebagai eluent. Analisis yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan 3 noda dengan Rf 0,5 dengan warna kuning, Rf 0,87 warna biru, Rf 0,93 warna coklat, dengan daerah hambatan pada noda coklat dengan Rf 0,93 merupakan senyawa triterpen. Hasil dari pengukuran nilai rata-rata zona hambat yang diperoleh terhadap bakteri E.coli adalah sebagai berikut, pada konsentrasi 2% 5,45 mm dengan kategori lemah, konsentrasi 4% 5,14 mm, konsentrasi 6% 5,48 mm, konsentrasi 8% 5,94 mm dan konsentrasi terbesar terdapat pada konsentrasi 10% 6,98 mm dengan kategori sedang. Pada bakteri Bakteri Bacillus subtillis konsentrasi 2% Sebesar 5,9 mm, Konsentrasi 4% Sebesar 6,34 mm, Konsentrasi 6% Sebesar 6,68 mm, Konsentrasi 8% Sebesar 7,88 mm, Dan Konsentrasi 10% Sebesar 8,6 mm dengan Kategori Sedang Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak jamur lingzhi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli. Sehingga semakin besar konsentrasi yang digunakan, semakin besar pula aktivitasnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri.
Wird jetzt alles anders?! Corona und der veränderte Blick auf Schule
Authors: Brückel Frank , Staub Thomas , Kern Andrea , Ganz Katharina
Published: June 2021

Bereits während des Lockdowns im Frühjahr 2020 entschieden sich die Stadt und die Pädagogische Hochschule Zürich mit dem Projekt „Zürcher Evaluation Fernlernen – Digital zu Hause und doch Schule“ Erfahrungen zur Phase der Schulschliessung einzuholen und auszuwerten. Ziel des Projekts war es, Erkenntnisse für ein Konzept zur Qualitätsentwicklung nutzen zu können. Die Datenerhebung wurde in vier Teilprojekten abgeschlossen, die sich inhaltlich ergänzten: In einem ersten Teilprojekt wurde ein Webinar für Führungspersonen konzipiert und durchgeführt, das zweite war eine Onlinebefragung von Schulleitenden, Lehrpersonen und weiteren schulischen Mitarbeitenden, Eltern und Schüler*innen ab der 5. Klasse, im dritten Teilprojekt wurden in Schulteams die Fernlernerfahrungen aufgearbeitet und im vierten wurden Schüler*innen befragt. Der folgende Beitrag zeigt anhand des ersten Teilprojekts auf, wie Leitungspersonen in die Datenerhebung und -auswertung einbezogen wurden und welche Hauptergebnisse am Ende des Projekts stehen.
Führungspersonen haben heute viel mehr Verantwortung und Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten
Authors: Anderegg Niels
Published: June 2021

Petra Heißenberger leitet das Zentrum Leadership an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Niederösterreich (PH NÖ) und ist unter anderem für Fort- und Weiterbildungen von Schulleitenden und an schulischer Führung interessierten Personen zuständig. Seit 2013 hat sie die Hochschulprofessur für Schulmanagement inne. Sie ist in verschiedenen Arbeitsgruppen und mit der Implementierung von Projekten befasst. In der Forschung liegen ihre Schwerpunkte in folgenden Themenfeldern: Schulautonomie (Projekt INNOVITAS), Führungspersönlichkeiten und deren Motivation für Weiterbildungen und ihre Führungstätigkeit.
A Historical Appraisal of Development in the Nigerian Society from Pre-Colonial to Post-Colonial Periods
Authors: Ugwukah Alexander C.
Published: June 2021

Although development studies of the Nigerian society has been done from various time frames and perspectives in order to ascertain the level of economic attainment, scant scholarly attention has been given to a wholesome historical appraisal of the Nigerian state from pre-colonial to post-colonial periods. The reason for this tendency is not unrelated to the enormity of issues and happenstances which characterized such a lengthy scope of study. However, given the necessity of an in-depth audit, it has become overly important to attempt/endeavor into a research that can offer a precise, meaningful and valuable guide for developmental indices in a country with such vast economic resources and diverse ethnic population. In fulfilment of this objective, the study adopted a Mixed Method Research (MMR) design involving elements of qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Although the work is qualitative dominant in historical research methodology, elements of quantitative drives was derived from an earlier research-wellbeing for Nigeria (Fig. 1) which corroborated findings from the oral interviews and the secondary sources from journals, library search, books and other literature. Additionally, recourse was made to Growth, Trade and Dependency Development theoretical framework of analysis which guided the validation of the findings. Findings of the work revealed that the Nigerian state has been enveloped in developmental crises for several decades, consequent upon ethnic and cultural pluralism, improper economic planning and productivity and corruption. The work concluded that, for Nigeria to attain meaningful socio-economic development, more resolute measures of the management of its resources and diversity should be put in place through good governance. The work recommended that the federal government should design and put in place people-oriented reform programs to promote social enhancement, economic empowerment at both rural and urban areas of the country and eradication of poverty.
ON THE SOLUTION SETS OF DIFFERENTIAL INCLUSION IN BANACH SPACES
Authors: ANGURAJ A. , BALACHANDRAN K.
Published: June 2021

We prove the set of all classical solutions of the differential inclusion

\[ \dot x(t) \in A(t,x) +F(t,x,\dot x) \quad x(t_0) = x_0, \dot x(t_0) = y_0 \]

is a retract of the space $C^1$.
CRITICAL REMARKS REGARDING THE EXCLUSION
OF SEIZURE OF A CONVICTION PURSUANT
TO ART. 106A OF THE PENAL CODE GLOSS TO THE
JUDGMENT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL TRIBUNAL
OF DECEMBER 16, 2020 IN THE CASE SK 26/16
Authors: Dziergawka Anna
Published: June 2021

By the judgment of December 16, 2020 in the case file ref. act SK 26/16 The Constitutional Tribunal ruled on the compliance of Art. 106a of the Penal Code with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. At the same time, the adjudication panel noticed the shortcomings of Art. 106a of the Penal Code and addressed the Sejm with a signal that it was necessary to consider an appropriate modification of the aforementioned provision. The author analyzes the issued judgment and the content of the provision under evaluation, placing particular emphasis on the inconsistency of the legal system and the effects of stigmatizing the perpetrator and obstacles to his rehabilitation. The postulate that the political and criminal goals related to the protection of children’s rights should be achieved by other means, while observing the principle of proportionality and individualisation of the consequences of a conviction.
Language Endangerment and the Need for Technology for Language Empowerment: Case Study of the Brahui language in Balochistan
Authors: Alizai Kinza
Published: June 2021

Diaspora and indigenous speech communities are under the threat of extinction in Balochistan. Local inhabitants with a lower economic and commercial value symbolize cultural and ethnic genocide in western Pakistan. In my study, I investigate the scope of technology for the documentation and maintenance of the Brahui language in the province of Balochistan. Also, I discuss how language policy and the digital divide are creating unfamiliar pedagogical, socio-cultural and linguistic practices, along with putting minority speech communities in danger of losing their identity and bringing about linguistic extinction. Drawing on the work of critical theorists, perceptions of indigenous Brahui community are recorded to understand the influence of digital technology for language survival. The study identifies that digital divide and flawed educational policies in Balochistan are potent instruments of Brahui endangerment. I call for inclusive and unbiased language policies and uniform access to technology for linguistic empowerment of the Brahui speech community in Balochistan.
Interdisciplinary Approach in Professional Training for Future Petroleum Engineers
Authors: Tymkiv Nadiya
Published: June 2021

The article deals with the problem of training specialists in the field of petroleum engineering ready to work in interdisciplinary teams and projects. Interdisciplinary approach including globally conditioned interdisciplinarity has been discussed in the context of engineering education since the beginning of the 21th century. This approach contains a number of basic components, namely: structure, process, language, identity, and technologies. Efficiency of interdisciplinary training depends on the general dynamics of a team. The international community has not disputed on the significance of interdisciplinary approach for engineers, but the key issue remains – how to apply theory for practice in both curricula development and learning process itself. Interdisciplinarity in the petroleum education is considered as a basis for critically new competitive engineering solutions. The indicators proving the presence of interdisciplinary management system at university are outlined. Based on the elaborated principles of interdisciplinary activities a set of required tools and elements to manage interdisciplinary training of petroleum engineers is presented. The significance of an interdisciplinary approach in professional training for future petroleum engineers is grounded. It has been proved that interdisciplinarity in its broadest sense is the trend, challenges of a global nature, which are updated set of circumstances, reasons that are multifaceted, varied and contradictory. It has been substantiated that the methodological part, multidisciplinary update of economics has become a constructive synthesis of theoretical research in this area, which includes not just interdisciplinary cooperation and mutual enrichment at the methodological level, forming a systematic, holistic vision of the economy, the problems and contradictions of development.
KNOWN, YET UNDISCOVERED. INTRODUCTION
TO THE QUESTIONS OF MUSEUM LIBRARIES
IN POLAND
Authors: Skrejko Magdalena , Žák-Caplot Katarzyna
Published: June 2021

The phenomenon of a museum library in
Poland is the only topic of the present paper. Addressed to
the academics dealing with the issues related to museum
organization or collection development, it is also, or maybe
first of all, targeted at the higher-ranking management staff,
since it does not only offer an introduction to the discussed
issue, but also an attempt at mapping problematic questions
along the relation: parent museum – museum library, as well
as challenges connected with legal solutions and the museum
librarian job.
HOW TO CREATE DIGITAL VISITOR EXPERIENCE?
RESEARCH AND TESTING AS THE GROUNDS FOR
DESIGNING MUSEUM’S DIGITAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Drygalska Ewa
Published: June 2021

An overview of literature on and state of
knowledge of the application of user-centred design
methodologies are discussed. Based on the experience with
creating digital products and multi-media exhibitions, the
Author claims that the role of users/visitor experience testing
in the process of designing and implementing technological
projects is of key importance. Using the example of the
work on the new version of the multimedia display titled
‘Experiencing Chopin’ (2020) at Warsaw’s Fryderyk Chopin
Museum, the paper discusses means of adaptation of the
most popular research and evaluation techniques in usercentred
testing in the museum context.
Produkcja mięsa i związane z nią zawodowe narażenie na szkodliwe czynniki biologiczne
Authors: Ławniczek-Wałczyk Anna
Published: June 2021

Wzrost popytu konsumenckiego na mięso w Europie spowodował powstanie wielu nowych zakładów pracy zajmujących się ubojem i produkcją wyrobów z mięsa, a Polska jest 7. największym eksporterem mięsa na świecie, z udziałem na poziomie 4,3%. Niestety przemysłowa hodowla zwierząt oraz produkcja mięsa wiąże się z ryzykiem narażenia pracowników na wiele szkodliwych bakterii, grzybów, wirusów i pasożytów pochodzenia zwierzęcego. W artykule przedstawiono najważniejsze czynniki zoonotyczne oraz drogi ich rozprzestrzeniania się w zakładach w zakładach uboju, rozbioru mięsa oraz przetwórstwa mięsnego, a także omówiono podstawowe działania profilaktyczne.
Selenium and cancer or adenoma related to the large bowel*
Authors: Augustyniak Małgorzata
Published: June 2021

The protective effect of selenium against colorectal cancer or adenoma is still a controversial issue. Although there are well-described (pato)physiological protective mechanisms of selenium against colorectal cancer, the results of the studies from 1998–2018 are inconclusive and need to be considered in the future. Neither observational nor experimental studies present consistent results. Although the Cochrane review showed that well-designed randomized clinical trials (RCTs) presented no beneficial effect of selenium supplementation on cancer incidence, well-designed RCTs confirming the protective effect of selenium supplementation against colorectal adenoma or colorectal polyp recurrence have been found in subject-related literature.

In the reviewed studies, selenium concentration was measured in the blood serum/toenail or in diet. It is of great importance to highlight that blood selenium concentration depends on the concentration of this micronutrient in food, which in turn depends on selenium content in soil, bioavailability of selenium, which is different in various geographical regions, and forms of selenium. Selenium circulating in blood as a component of selenoproteins participates in oxidoreduction, thus reducing the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Despite this well-known protective mechanism against colorectal cancer occurrence, half of the reviewed studies did not confirm the protective properties of selenium.

To sum up, the current state of knowledge on the association between selenium and colorectal cancer or adenoma has revealed not only inconclusive results of the studies, but has also shown that there is a need to conduct more prospective studies focused on selenium supplementation and colorectal cancer as this research is limited.
Olive Oil Production in Albania, Chemical Characterization, and Authenticity
Authors: Topi Dritan , Guclu Gamze , Kelebek Hasim , Selli Serkan
Published: June 2021

Olive tree is present to the Western and Southern regions of Albania, alongside Adriatic and Ionian Sea, two body waters of the Mediterranean basin. Genetic studies have revealed the existence of 22 native olive cultivars, while several introduced foreign olive cultivars are present. Two most important olive cultivars respectively, exploited in the olive oil production, and table olive, are Kalinjot and Kokërrmadh Berati. Olive fruit production ranks the country 20th in the world. Olive tree comprises an important permanent crop with considerable potential for the Albanian economy. Principal component analyses (PCA) of fatty acids in OO displays their differentiation according to the cultivar and their region. Chemometric analysis gives support to the differentiation of OO according to the olive cv. in terms of phenolic compounds. Secoiridoids are found in abundance, 3,4-DHPEA-EDA and p-HPEA-EDA as dominant compounds, especially in Kalinjot olive oils. Albanian OO shows high levels of aroma compounds with (E)-2-hexenal as the principal aroma compound. Its concentrations reach up to 40411 μg/kg in Kalinjot cv., much higher compared to Bardhi Tirana cv (27542.7 μg/kg). The authenticity of OOs constitutes an opportunity for domestic production and certification according to the geography or origin and present an important resource to the development of a sustainable economy.
Maternal Mortality in Rural Areas of Pakistan: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Hanif Muhammad , Khalid Siddra , Rasul Akhtar , Mahmood Khalid
Published: June 2021

Pakistan is one of the countries in South Asia ranking high in maternal mortality rate. Though, a signatory of Agenda 2030, the country still lags behind considerably in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The ratio of maternal mortality is, even higher in rural areas of the country. Lack of health care facilities, education, malnutrition, poverty, high prevalence of violence against women in rural areas, and socioeconomic factors are some of the major contributing elements for elevated levels of maternal mortality and morbidity rate in Pakistan. By making inclusive policies at the national level to improve the reach of the rural population to healthcare facilities, educating women and eliminating gender-based disparities, introducing family planning interventions, accountability, and continuity of democracy are essentially needed to improve maternal health in Pakistan’s rural areas. This chapter focuses on challenges to maternal health in rural areas and possible options to resolve these issues.
Application of Solar Energy in Medical Instruments (Microscope)
Authors: Ibrahim Eisa Idris Badria , Mohamed Ahmed , Salah Ayah , Abdalrahman Almahdi Alamin Osman , Garma Fatehia , Osman Alnazier
Published: June 2021

Investments in solar PV capacities are now rapidly growing in both grid connected and off grid mode. Solar generation has been a reliable source for supplying electricity in regions without access to the grid for long. Development of renewable energy sources, therefore, has a vast potential in Sudan. Solar energy is a radiant energy which produces by the sun as result of nuclear fusion reaction. Medical services cannot be reached to people in rural areas and war’s zones which remotely isolated because of poor road links with the urban centers, and remoteness from the national electrical transmission grid. So, to make the medical services available, a PV encapsulation and manufacturing solar system is used to generate an electric supply which used to supply them, and the microscope’s circuit is changed to achieve the required results.