bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Control in Overvoltage Protection Systems for Low Voltage Network Loads
Authors: Prasetia Abdul Muis , Linda Sartika  , Tirvan
Published: December 2024

Electricity is a very essential need for every element of society in this modern era, with electricity, various kinds of work can be easily done. However, in electricity distribution, there are often disturbances that can be detrimental to consumers, One of the power lines that usually experiences interference is the Low Voltage Network (JTR) line. JTR is a transmission network with a low voltage classification between 220 volts and 280 volts. In this transmission, various kinds of disturbances often occur, such as overvoltage and voltage drops. In this research, the author discusses the overvoltage protection system using Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control. PID control is a simple control method that several researchers have developed to overcome various electrical problems in this modern era. For this reason, the researcher will develop PID as a protection system to overcome overvoltage disturbances in JTR transmissions. The appropriate PID parameter value to overcome overvoltage in this study is the value Kp = 5; Ki = 0,3 Kd = 0.01, where the system is able to protect the overvoltage according to the setpoint value 220 volts.
Static Magnetic Field Meter Using Rotating Search Coil Method
Authors: Rustamaji Rustamaji , Sawitri Kania
Published: December 2024

Abstract Static magnetic fields always exist the environment around us; besides being useful there are also negative impacts on humans, therefore it is necessary to have a tool to measure static magnetic fields. The purpose of this research is to produce a static magnetic field meter that can measure  weak magnetic field. In this research, the design and realization of a static magnetic field meter using rotating search coil method is carried out, including: search coil, instrumentation and calibration amplifier, and display. Based on the results of measurements and tests that have been carried out, a static magnetic field meter with a coil area A =  m2 and the number of turns N = 14 at a certain angular frequency (ω), can detect and measure a fairly small  static magnetic field density (B)  from various sources, for stable conditions: in the laboratory without any source of magnetic field can detect B = 2.127 to 2.375 mT, and with magnetic source (circular  can detect B = 7.422 to 8.194 mT, neodymium can detect B = 11.03 to 11.84 mT, and smartphone X can detect B = 10.37 to 11.78 mT). Overall the device can work to detect and measure  weak static magnetic fields with good measurement stability as seen from the relationship curve between supply voltage and the DC motor rotation which is linear, and measurement sensitivity up to B = 2.127 mT.
Koi Fish Pond Monitoring System Using IoT
Authors: Sukarno Setyawan Ajie , Maulana Gun Gun , Andrea Ferdyan
Published: December 2024

The process of collecting water parameter data for koi fish ponds is still done manually. Each parameter from the manually collected samples is tested one by one. This process is inefficient and can cause delays in decisionmaking for koi fish farmers. If the manual testing reveals results that exceed the ideal threshold, it can have a negative impact on the fish. To address this issue, a koi fish pond water parameter monitoring system was designed using an automated method based on the Internet of Things. The sensors used in this study include an ultrasonic sensor, turbidity sensor, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) sensor, and pH sensor. Based on the test results, when the values of the turbidity and TDS sensors exceed the set parameter limits of 40 NTU and 400 PPM, respectively, the system will activate the draining pump until the water level reaches the lower limit (10 cm), after which the filling pump will activate until the upper water level limit (18 cm) is reached. If the pH sensor value is below the lower limit set in the parameter, the system will activate the alkaline liquid pump to neutralize the pH to a value of 7. Conversely, if the pH sensor value exceeds the upper limit set in the parameter, the system will activate the acidic liquid pump to neutralize the pH back to 7. This automatic draining and filling system will stop working when the turbidity, TDS, and water level values fall within the parameters set in Blynk. The system also maintains the pond's water level at the upper limit set in the parameters.
análise comparativa entre bitcoin e ouro como reserva de valor
Authors: Silva Daniel Santos da , Jorge Marco Antonio
Published: December 2024

A reserva de valor é a capacidade que ativos têm de preservar seu poder de compra ao longo do tempo. Com a criação das moedas digitais, existe a dúvida se o bitcoin seria ou não uma boa reserva de valor; assim, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar se o bitcoin pode ser considerado uma boa reserva de valor, comparando o desempenho da criptomoeda com o ouro. Também buscou-se compreender quais são os determinantes da demanda por bitcoin. A análise foi feita a partir de um painel de dados coletados de diversas fontes como o World Bank Data, FMI, coindance.com, entre outros, entre os anos de 2013 a 2021 para um grupo de 20 países, totalizando um corte temporal de nove anos. Os resultados mostram que o bitcoin preservou seu valor ao longo do tempo e que países com menos estabilidade econômica tendem a demandar mais bitcoin.
Transformação Financeira do Ensino Superior Privado no Brasil: Explorando Fusões e Aquisições na Busca de uma Educação de Qualidade
Authors: Ferreira Sérgio Moreno Lopes , Sindeaux Roney Versiani
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho analisa o processo de financeirização do ensino superior privado no Brasil, com foco nas Fusões e Aquisições (F&A) realizadas por grandes instituições de ensino. Constatamos que, em muitos casos, as F&As foram motivadas pelo potencial de retorno financeiro, sem a devida preocupação com a qualidade da educação. O presente estudo demonstra que, embora as F&As tenham proporcionado uma rápida expansão das IES envolvidas, não foi observada uma correlação direta entre o aumento do capital financeiro e a qualidade da educação. Nenhuma das IES resultantes das F&As obteve índices máximos (nota 5) nos indicadores de qualidade docente do Ministério da Educação (MEC). Isso indica que o foco principal das F&As foi o potencial retorno financeiro, em detrimento da qualidade educacional.
Prevalência e fatores de risco associados à obesidade em crianças e adolescentes de um distrito rural isolado
Authors: Macellaro Marina , Bigatto Karen Roberta Steagall , Custódio Clarissa Garcia , Almeida Fernando Antonio de , Pavan Maria Valéria
Published: December 2024

A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade infantil está em crescimento no Brasil e no mundo, influenciada por determinantes genéticos, comportamentais, ambientais e sociais. Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes de um distrito rural isolado e identificar seus determinantes. Métodos: estudo transversal, quantitativo, descritivo e analítico, que avaliou os dados antropométricos e sociodemográficos dos pais e dos estudantes provenientes da única escola municipal de ensino fundamental localizada em um distrito rural isolado de um município do interior do estado de São Paulo. Resultados: a prevalência de excesso de peso observada foi de 33,3% (sobrepeso 9,5% e obesidade 23,8%), maior que a média nacional (14,1% para obesidade). Não foi observada diferença da prevalência de obesidade entre os gêneros feminino e masculino. O risco de obesidade aumenta com a idade. A prevalência de obesidade mostrou uma associação positiva com o maior consumo de frituras e carboidratos, e uma associação negativa com o consumo de frutas e verduras. Não foi observada correlação significativa com as horas dedicadas a atividades físicas ou com o tempo de exposição a telas (televisores e celulares). Famílias em que as mães ou os pais têm excesso de peso apresentam maior probabilidade de ter filhos com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Pais e mães com excesso de peso apresentam maior prevalência de hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Conclusões: a prevalência de obesidade em crianças e adolescentes desse distrito rural isolado é superior à média nacional e está associada a famílias em que os progenitores...
paradoxo da tolerância na democracia: ensaio sobre uma forma de resposta e a busca por uma democracia inclusiva dialogal
Authors: Pádua Felipe Bizinoto Soares de
Published: December 2024

Considerada vitoriosa na Idade Contemporânea, a democracia torna-se parte da Política e do Direito, uma figura considerada fundamental e que melhor promove a dignidade da pessoa. Como as sociedades são dinâmicas em si e entre si, surgem manifestações que divergem do regime democrático são objeto de estudo e debate. Karl Popper introduz a divergência à democracia a partir do paradoxo da tolerância, que lida com a forma como os intolerantes à democracia devem ser por ela tratados. Como lidar com esse intolerantes? Este ensaio visa problematizar uma situação fronteiriça entre Política e Direito através do êxito democrático e como sua premissa de tolerância lida com relação ao paradoxo alcunhado por Karl Popper. E mais: a definição de democracia é dependente da figura da tolerância, mas tanto uma quanto outra são constantemente tratadas sob a perspectiva judiciária, em especial pelas minorias. Combate-se neste texto a subversão do princípio majoritário por meio da chamada tirania da minoria, porquanto as pilastras democráticas devem ser desenvolvidas sob a égide da maioria, claramente com o respeito aos interesses jurídicos da totalidade de sujeitos.
Resenha do livro
Authors: Sasso Marcelo
Published: December 2024

A obra propõe o estudo sobre "Desenvolvimento como Liberdade" em que Amartya Sen, renomado economista indiano laureado com o Prêmio Nobel de Economia. Sen propõe uma visão do desenvolvimento humano que vai além do crescimento econômico, enfatizando a importância da expansão das liberdades individuais. O autor identifica cinco tipos de liberdade instrumentais: políticas, econômicas, sociais, transparência e segurança protetora. Sen argumenta que essas liberdades são cruciais para capacitar indivíduos e promover um desenvolvimento verdadeiramente humano. Além disso, destaca a necessidade de instituições e políticas que garantam tais liberdades. O texto também destaca a relevância dessas ideias para o contexto brasileiro, onde a desigualdade social e a falta de liberdades instrumentais prejudicam o desenvolvimento humano. Em suma, o artigo enfatiza a importância da liberdade como meio e fim do desenvolvimento humano.
Assessment of Outcomes of the Modified Stoppa Approach in the Treatment of Acetabular Fractures: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Manap Nurgeldi Nurkenuly , Mursalov Nagmet Kapanovich , Abilmazhinov Mukhtar Tolegenovich
Published: December 2024

Aims. To evaluate the efficacy of the modified Stoppa approach for surgical treatment of pelvic bone injuries based on clinical (sex distribution, fracture type), surgical (duration of operation, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, quality of reduction), and functional outcome (hip joint function). Materials and methods. A total of 31 patient were included in a retrospective cohort study from 2019 until March 2022 with various injuries of acetabulum in the N.D. Batpenov National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (NSCTO).The inclusion criteria for this study were: patients with acetabulum injuries, and who underwent surgical interventions using one of two surgical approaches (modified Stoppa, ilioinguinal approaches), patients over 18 years old. Exclusion criteria: other operative approaches to pelvic bones and patients under 18 years of age. 21 patients underwent surgery with the use of modified Stoppa approach (group A) and 10 surgeries were performed using the ilioinguinal approach (group B). Efficiency was evaluated by comparison of duration of surgical procedures, amount of blood lossbetween groups, size of skin incision, quality of reduction and functional outcomes. Results. There are males – 18(58.1%), females – 13(41.9%) in the study. The clinical study results showed that average volume of intraoperative blood loss and size of skin incision were significantly less during Stoppa approach then ilioinguinal approach though average duration of surgical procedures did not reveal significant differences between two groups. Average duration of surgical procedures did not reveal significant differences between two groups – 109.5 min (±54.7) among group A and 126 min (±58.9) in group B. The volume of intraoperative blood loss averaged 338±254.5 ml of blood for the total sample. The volume of intraoperative blood loss was 525.0 ±322.5 ml of blood in group B, which is more than twice the estimated blood loss for group A (250 ±157.3 ml). When using a Stoppa approach, the length of the cutaneous surgical incision averaged at 8.8 ± 1.5 cm, while with an ilioinguinal approach, this value was estimated at 20.6 ± 8.5 cm, which suggests a favorable cosmetic effect of Stoppa approach. Conclusion. The positive results obtained with the modified Stoppa approach, which are reflected in a reduction in the length of the skin incision and the amount of intraoperative blood loss, suggest that the use of this approach in clinical practice provides an opportunity to improve the surgical treatment of acetabular fractures by obtaining variability in the study of surgical approach. Nevertheless, the frequency and complexity of the occurring pelvic bone injuries dictate the need for further search and improvement of more optimal access options for surgical treatment.
Patient Monitoring Systems To Prevent Failure To Rescue
Authors: Winters Bradford D.
Published: December 2024

Objectives. To review the evidence published after the previous Making Healthcare Safer (MHS) report on the effectiveness of implementing patient monitoring systems that scan patient data for signs of clinical deterioration to alert a clinician of a potential adverse condition.

Methods. We searched PubMed and the Cochrane library for systematic reviews and primary studies, published from January 2018 to April 2024, of patient monitoring systems reporting the activation of a rapid response system (RRS), incidence of cardiorespiratory arrest, hospital mortality, transition to higher level of care, hospital length of stay, measurement of alarm/alert fatigue, or serious adverse events.

Findings. We retrieved 4,120 citations, of which 33 articles were eligible for review (3 systematic reviews and 30 primary studies). Three categories of interventions were identified: implementing a new standard of care for patient monitoring; a change in monitoring modality; or a change in parameters monitored and/or implementation of a scoring system and/or application of an artificial intelligence algorithm and/or implementation of a communication cascade. Implementation of an early warning system alone did not improve the relevant outcomes. In primary studies of adults, none of the interventions showed consistent improvement in relevant outcomes (low/ insufficient strength of evidence). However, moderate evidence suggests that changing the monitoring modality may reduce transfers to higher levels of care and length of hospital stay, and modifying monitored parameters was associated with decreased hospital mortality (moderate evidence). There was insufficient evidence for pediatric populations.

Conclusions. It is unclear whether early warning systems improve outcomes by using continuous monitoring for vital sign data acquisition, automating early warning score calculation, applying artificial intelligence algorithms, changing the alert communication cascade or changing the standard of care for monitoring.
Magnitude probabilities for extreme earthquakes around the globe with Rank-Ordering
Authors: Domej Gisela
Published: December 2024

Earthquake likelihoods have occupied humankind ever since, and the estimation of potential magnitudes is crucial for a multitude of aspects of safety. In this work, we present a probabilistic analysis of extreme magnitudes in 16 regions across the globe characterized by different seismicity to invert the traditional question of «what probability is associated with certain magnitudes». We combine the Gutenberg-Richter Law and Rank-Ordering-Statistics in a methodological approach to estimate what magnitude ranges can be almost certainly (i.e., with 95%) expected, and what magnitudes become reasonably unlikely beyond those ranges.
This approach allows for estimating probabilities for maximal magnitudes per region and comparing thereto the maximal magnitudes (mr) that appeared in reality. The method explores the maximal magnitudes that could occur or be exceeded with a probability of 95%, if the respective mr are equal to or greater than these 95%-predictions, and how probable it is, that also these mr could be reproduced or exceeded. We suspect a lack of great magnitudes in the Alps and a surplus across the Atlantic Ocean from these statistical considerations.
Household as an object of insurance at the individual sector level
Authors: Stepanova Marina Nikolaevna
Published: December 2024

Insurance activities in the field of corporate insurance are of great economic and social importance. The increasing needs of policyholders and the transforming demands of society set the vector for the development of insurance relations, determining the improvement of operational processes and consumer expectations of a different quality – going beyond solving local problems, providing comprehensive insurance protection that meets the current risk map and budget constraints and at the same time aimed at overall maintaining financial stability. This actualizes the task of rethinking the object of insurance at the level of the individual sector, as which it is proposed to accept a household, rather than an individual or the population as a whole, which fully complies with the provisions on the structure of the private sector of the economy and elements of the financial system. The choice of the insurance object is justified, the advantages of the chosen methodological approach are considered and a view is presented on the development of operational processes related to the work of insurers in the non-corporate insurance sector. The ratio of households consisting of one and several persons is given, according to the data of the All-Russian Population Census. The volume of the Russian insurance market and its separate segment - the private household insurance market (from 2021 to the first half of 2024) are considered. The conclusion is made about the features of insurance of polysubject and monosubject households, which make it possible to supplement the existing industry classification.
Ambition as an economic category
Authors: Kamolov Sergey Georgievich , Markov Tikhon Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2024

A study of quantifiable results of the manifestation of career ambitions and the development of the concept of the “employee utility function” by Nobel Laureate in Economics George Akerlof through the prism of the interests of the individual (the bearer of ambitions), the employer and other individuals (employees) involved in the competition for career opportunities. To achieve this research goal, work was carried out to determine the place of the concept of “ambition” in the totality of modern economic works, its essential characteristics relevant to economic problems were identified and approaches to the perception of this category among researchers were systematized. Applying separate provisions of the theory of the firm (G. Spencer, O. E. Williamson) and algebraic expressions to evaluate the studied quantities, the possible economic consequences of the manifestation and stimulation of ambitious career behavior are evaluated, studied in three dimensions: at the level of a particular employee, in his immediate environment (team) and within the framework of the employer organization. It is concluded that the concentration of ambitious employees leads to an increase in unproductive stress among the employees themselves, destroys the results of team building, increases the costs of managing such teams and does not maximize, but, on the contrary, reduces the overall return (profit) of the organization at certain phases of the life cycle, thus determining the predictable trajectory of the employee's utility function. The originality of the research is confirmed not only by the formulation of the scientific problem, but also by the methods of its solution. New research logical constructions have been obtained that can be applied at the level of individual organizations in order to improve personnel policy and be taken into account individually when arranging employment or career planning. The definition of the concept of “ambiance”, clarified for the purposes of the study, is proposed.
Comprehensive methodology for assessing the effectiveness of risk management
Authors: Kushner Maxim Aleksandrovich , Kushner Anna Alekseevna , Ugarov Egor Andreevich
Published: December 2024

In modern conditions of economic development, risk management is a key aspect for the successful functioning of any organization. When assessing the development of a risk management system, it is necessary to use a certain methodology that allows a comprehensive and objective analysis of existing processes and practices. A comprehensive approach to assessing the effectiveness of risk management is proposed, involving an analysis of this process taking into account many aspects. It is assumed that effective risk management implies not only the identification and assessment of potential threats, but also their interpretation, as well as the use of quantitative analysis for decision-making. The proposed methodology focuses on determining the qualitative characteristics of the assessed risk management systems, which makes it possible to identify the strengths and weaknesses of existing processes. This methodology provides for their subsequent interpretation, which helps the company's management to better understand and manage risks. The quantitative analysis included in the methodology makes it possible to accurately measure and evaluate the effectiveness of the measures applied. The proposed measure makes it possible to make informed and balanced decisions aimed at minimizing risks and increasing the sustainability of the organization. An integrated approach to assessing the effectiveness of risk management offers a multi-level and multidimensional analysis that covers all aspects of risk management – from strategic planning to operational implementation. As a result, the use of this technique helps to improve the risk management system, makes it more transparent and understandable, which ultimately leads to an increase in the stability and competitiveness of the company in the market.
Dynamic synergy of digital and “green” economies as a passway to sustainable development
Authors: Masyuk Natal'ya Nikolaevna , Bushueva Marina Aleksandrovna , Li Qixuan , Bogomolov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2024

A study is being conducted on the dynamic synergy between the digital and the “green” economy in the context of the integration of digital technologies with environmentally sustainable practices, which can serve as a strategic way to achieve sustainable development. The relationship between digital transformation and the green economy is analyzed to determine how their joint potential can accelerate progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The ecological and economic approach to digital-real integration in the context of sustainable development is substantiated. The concepts of “dynamic synergy between digital and “green” economies” and “digital-real integration” are introduced. It has been established that two transformative forces – digitalization and the “green” economy – have become the most important elements in this process. Individually, they offer significant advantages, but their integration represents a synergistic effect that can accelerate progress towards sustainable development. The conclusion is substantiated that the interconnection and interdependence of the “green” and digital economies contributes to the achievement of sustainable development goals in the short term. It is shown that digital-real integration is a problem-solving strategy and a way to achieve sustainable development goals based on technological results to increase environmental sustainability and economic growth. This integration can transform industries, increase resource efficiency, and create a more sustainable economy. The conclusions drawn can serve as a basis and guideline for more effective promotion of the integration of digital and real technologies and the implementation of long-term sustainable development of the region.
Modern realities of the Russian fisheries complex development in the context of digitalization
Authors: Nevalennyy Alexander Nickolaevich , Karlina Elena Prokofievna , Sviridova Elena Viktorovna
Published: December 2024

The strategic goal of the digital transformation of the fisheries complex (FC) of the Russian Federation within the framework of the concepts Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 is to increase the physical and economic accessibility of fish products for the population through the use of digital solutions, which leads to the formation of a new vision of interaction between the subjects of the FC and the state. The results of the author's research and the scientific community made it possible to identify the problems of the modern development of FC: insufficient level of economic and physical accessibility of fish products for the population; the predominance of low processing depth in the structure of manufactured products; the raw material orientation of exports; low rates of introduction of digital technologies; lack of systemic interaction between the subjects of the FC. In order to solve these problems, it is proposed to introduce a new business model for the development of the FC – an industry ecosystem on the digital platform A. Ya. Yafasova, the basis of which is a digital network production and consumer system. It is determined that in order to form a new business model, it is necessary to develop and implement a project for the implementation of digital universalization of interaction between the subjects of the FC and the state on the basis of creating regional business ecosystems, including modeling the product and production vertical of fish products; stratification of levels of development of business ecosystems in the FC; designing a semantic model of regional business ecosystems; a mechanism for the digital universalization of interaction between the subjects of the FC based on the creation of an information and analytical platform of the regional business ecosystem; a set of methodological recommendations on the use of service applications of the information and analytical platform of the business ecosystem for the subjects of the FC.
Algorithm for assessing the competitiveness of customs services of a commercial enterprise
Authors: Stepuleva Liudmila Fedorovna , Makarova Dana Maksimovna
Published: December 2024

Services play an important role in economic development, contribute to increased productivity, innovation, competitiveness, quality of life and social progress. Assessment of the competitiveness of the service is necessary to develop a competitive strategy that is as effective as possible for a commercial enterprise, taking into account its internal characteristics and external environment. Primorsky Krai, due to its geopolitical position and priority industry centers, is an attractive area for the development of commerce in the field of customs clearance. The role of customs services in the global economy as the basis for controlling the movement of goods across borders, ensuring security and combating violations is examined. The competition between customs representatives, stimulated by favorable conditions of customs declaration in the regional territory is considered; the importance of customs representatives in the Russian and regional markets is studied; competitiveness criteria and an algorithm for assessing the competitiveness of customs services in the Vladivostok market are proposed. The nomenclature of criteria for the competitiveness of customs services is presented. The development of criteria for assessing the competitiveness of customs services and their choice was based on an understanding of customer requirements for the quality of the service, on the analysis of market trends in this area and the identification of strengths and weaknesses of the service relative to competitors. Group and individual criteria based on the principle of separation were proposed, which are most appropriate for the regional customs services market, and descriptors for each criterion were developed for their assessment. Using the theory of comparative advantage, according to which an economic entity has the highest productivity when specializing in competitive services, the competitiveness of an enterprise providing customs services is proposed to be assessed. The algorithm for assessing the competitiveness of customs services is important for the consistency of this assessment and can be used by various commercial enterprises in the field of customs services.
Religious Foundations of Poverty and Wealth in a Post-Secular Society (Using the Example of India and China)
Authors:   North Caucasus Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Ladykina Tatyana A.
Published: December 2024

The negative consequences of poverty, both for society as a whole and for individuals, alongside the imbalance in the financial status of countries in the modern world, stimulate scholarly inquiry into the causes of these phenomena and potential means to overcoming them. The article examines the religious grounds or reasons for people’s economic behavior that contribute to the spread of poverty or, conversely, the accumulation of wealth, the increase in the level of material well-being. Approaches to the definition of poverty and wealth are considered, the causes and consequences of these social phenomena are characterized. According to the author, in a post-secular society where religion plays an important role, new studies of cause-and-effect relationships between theological doctrines, on the one hand, and the views, worldview of believers and their ways of acting, including in the economic sphere, on the other hand, are becoming particularly relevant. Using Hinduism and Confucianism as case studies, the article elucidates the influence of religious ideas, principles, and practices on the economic conditions in India and the People’s Republic of China. Through this analysis, the work aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of how religious frameworks shape economic behavior and, ultimately, the socio-economic landscape in these two diverse cultural contexts.
I.V. Stalin and the Principle of Partisanship in Soviet Philosophy
Authors:   Synergy University, Osin Roman S.
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the remarks of I. V. Stalin in the field of the development of Marxist philosophy in the USSR. After the October Revolution, philosophy was concentrated in the hands of many researchers who were students of Plekhanov and represented different currents from the official one. Meanwhile, the historical situation of those years required the generalization and popularization of the philosophical ideas of Marxism, taking into account the practical tasks facing the young proletarian state. Stalin paid serious attention to philosophical issues, therefore he gave interesting remarks to the leading philosophical cadres of the country. For Stalin, the principles of partisanship and politicization of philosophy were in the first place, as can be seen from his remarks and further articles in which philosophical issues of Marxism were developed.
The Geopolitical Situation as a Factor in the Revival of the Russian National Idea
Authors:   Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Pisachkin Dmitry V.
Published: December 2024

This article examines the problems, the relevance of which lies in the practical and applied process that arises as a result of opportunistic political procedures taking place in society at the global, regional and local levels. These phenomena are considered by the author in the context of political philosophy rather than political science, since one of the main differences between the above-mentioned substances is that political science is constructed predominantly as “non-evaluative”, impartially narrating things as they are. On the contrary, the key task of political philosophy is to develop value judgments, to talk about what is desirable and what is dangerous, that is, to answer the question how “should it be?”. The article provides an answer to the above question and suggests a constructive solution. During the scientific research, the method of dialectics was used, in particular, the law of the transition of quantitative changes into qualitative ones, as well as the law of unity and struggle of opposites.
On the Question of Necessity and Contingency in Historical Development
Authors:   Northern State Medical University, Povilaitis Andrey V.
Published: December 2024

In this article, the author endeavors to address a pertinent and contentious question: “Does the history of humanity develop in a necessary or contingent manner?”. The researcher examines ideas within this thematic framework from the era of Antiquity to the present, classifying them through an interdisciplinary approach that employs comparative-historical methods, general scientific techniques, and specific historical examples. The analysis substantiates the existence of both historical necessities and contingencies. Rejecting extreme viewpoints – namely, rigid determinism and anti-historicism – the author concludes that historical necessities and contingencies coexist and are intricately intertwined. Contingencies may manifest not only as unpredictability but also as the outcome of multiple opposing necessities. As a prospect for further development of the topic, the author proposes analyzing the relationship between necessity and contingency in history through specific processes based on four criteria: naturalness, subjectivity, autonomy, and variability.
Beyond the Masses: The Exploration of Contemporary Japanese Art through the Works of Hisashi Tenmyouya
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yazovskaya Olga V.
Published: December 2024

The phenomenon of contemporary Japanese art, characterized by its fantastical imagery and its deep-rooted connections to a millennia-old artistic tradition, evokes genuine interest. On the one hand, it demonstrates ties to Japanese pop culture both visually and thematically; on the other hand, there is a noticeable increase in the number of artists striving to distance themselves from this connection. In examining the specifics of the 2011 exhibition “Bye Bye Kitty!!!”, which united a new wave of Japanese artists, we identified distinct pathways of deviation from this established connection, manifested in a focus on themes of anxiety, deeper tragic experiences, and stylistic elements derived from past religious artistic traditions. Subsequently, the focus shifted to one of the key participants of the exhibition – the artist Hisashi Tenmyouya. The exploration delved deeper into the previously identified pathways of departure reflected in his oeuvre, while also characterizing specific approaches, including his reinterpretation of his own art in the style of neo-nihonga, which serves to actualize Japanese artistic tradition. Additionally, the examination encompassed the concept of Basara, which addresses lowbrow themes, along with the pursuit of new exhibition formats, exemplified by the presentation of art on a magazine as opposed to traditional gallery settings. This exploration aims to elucidate the nuances embedded within Tenmyouya’s artistic practice, as well as to situate his work within the broader discourse of contemporary Japanese art.
Nutrition Practices in Islam as a Means of Understanding the Divine Revelations of the Quran: Critical Analysis of the Permissible and the Forbidden
Authors:   Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmulla, Urazbakhtin Aybulat A.
Published: December 2024

This article presents an analysis of certain nutrition practices in Islam within the context of the permissible (halal) and forbidden (haram), based on the texts of Abrahamic religions. In particular, it provides a detailed examination of the episode of sacrifice, the differentiated descriptions of which in sacred texts indicate a re-evaluation of the role of rituals and cults in modern society, thereby infusing traditional religious concepts with new perspectives. The discrepancies in the interpretation of the act of sacrifice among the Quran, the Torah, and the Bible are analyzed in the context of the culture and ethics surrounding mealtimes. The juxtaposition with Quranic texts reveals a divergence from traditional dietary prohibitions by modern Muslims. Furthermore, the study investigates the influence of food on the consciousness of individuals regarding their understanding of the divine revelations of the Quran and their interpretation thereof. The presented analysis of sacred texts allows for a comprehensive depiction of nutrition practices in Islam, delineating the permissible and the forbidden within the framework of not only physical nourishment but also spiritual enrichment of the individual.
Negotiations of Military Missions from the USSR, Great Britain, and France in August 1939: Causes of Failure
Authors:   Kuban State University, Ivanov Alexander G.
Published: December 2024

The negotiations among the military missions of the three great powers represented the last effort to form an anti-Hitler coalition, aimed at halting the aggressor – Nazi Germany – and preventing the outbreak of the Second World War. Based on documents, including those from the Foreign Office archives, this analysis examines the negotiations and the underlying causes of their failure. Great Britain did not abandon the policy of appeasement and sought the Soviet government’s consent to provide assistance to Poland without guaranteeing reciprocal support from the Western powers. Poland relied on England and France which had provided it with guarantees of independence, and thus did not wish to cooperate closely with the USSR. Additional factors contributing to the failure of the Moscow negotiations are substantiated by documents and materials presented in this article.
Orenburg Cadet Corps in the Second Half of the 1840s: Peculiarities of Training of Students and Personnel of the Institution
Authors:   Kemerovo presidential cadet school, Gordeev Yuri M.
Published: December 2024

The relevance of the work is due to the 200th anniversary of the birth of the glorious traditions of military education in Orenburg. On January 2, 1825 the Orenburg Neplyuev Military School was opened, 19 years later renamed into the Cadet Corps. In this context, several research problems merit scientific attention. Firstly, the characteristics of the Orenburg Corps in the second half of the 1840s is of significance, as this period marks the early functioning of the institution in its prestigious status as a cadet corps. Secondly, the identification and evaluation of its staffing composition, along with the determination of the specific features of cadet training, are essential areas of inquiry. As a result, the author came to a number of conclusions, two of which are particularly noteworthy. Firstly, the Orenburg Corps, during the period under consideration, generally aligned with similar institutions across the country. Secondly, in terms of a number of key statistical indicators, it fell short compared to its counterparts, particularly when compared to its regional counterpart, the Siberian Cadet Corps.
Cultural Inheritance of Mordovia Republic Preservation: Main Trends and Ways of Promotion
Authors:   Research Institute for the Humanities under the Government of the Republic of Mordovia, Ivleva Alina Yu. , Lapteva Irina V. ,   Research Institute for the Humanities under the Government of the Republic of Mordovia, Pakhmutova Elena D. ,   National Research Mordovia State University
Published: December 2024

The article delves into the analysis of the phenomenon of ‟cultural heritage”. The aim of the work is to highlight the uniqueness and distinctiveness of the cultural space of the Republic of Mordovia, as well as to emphasize the necessity of preserving its cultural heritage and broadcast it to descendants. There is a lack of awareness among the general population of the problems associated with the enhancement of the cultural heritage of Mordovia and concrete steps are proposed to overcome the identified difficulties in the area under study. The studied materials and specific practices led the authors to realize the need to popularize the Mordovian languages (Erzya, Moksha) by: maintaining a strong interest in Mordovian culture; actively participating in grant competitions to receive financial support; creating a web resource with dictionaries and other reference literature; actively promoting the main directions for preserving the cultural heritage of the Republic of Mordovia with the help of various events (workshops, creative work contests, virtual promotions, etc.). Based on the results of the review of activities aimed at preserving the cultural potential of the Republic of Mordovia, the authors conclude that it is necessary to regularly participate in projects and grants that support the ideas of preserving national languages and focus on promoting and consolidating the ethno-cultural code.
The Traditional Culture of the Kola North in V.N. Bubentsov’s Painting
Authors:   Murmansk Arctic University, Trubnikova Ksenia Yu.
Published: December 2024

This study delves into the forms of actualization of traditional Pomor culture, including its representation in art. It has been identified that the festival format currently represents one of the most widespread and spectacular means of transmitting knowledge about traditional culture. This article substantiates the expediency of using the concept of “festival” to denote the current stage of development of traditional culture; shows elements of the festival-traditional culture of the Kola North interpreted in V.N. Bubentsov’s arts; the art’s role playing in preserving traditional cultural heritage. The analysis of some paintings reveals the presence of the author’s visual model of folk culture of the Kola North in the context of the festival, as well as the philosophical problems of the current stage of development of Pomeranian folk culture on the Tersky coast.
National Holidays as a Form of Humanitarian Cooperation between Russia and Mongolia
Authors:   Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University)  of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Bolotov Rustam E.
Published: December 2024

Modern areas of humanitarian cooperation have a variety of forms. One of them is national holidays, which can unite countries along ethnic, national and religious lines. Russia, as a multinational country, encompasses a diverse array of ethnicities, each carrying a cultural history that resonates with other nations and cultures. The Republic of Buryatia stands as one of Russia’s border regions, adjacent to Mongolia and China. The cultures of the Buryat and Mongolian peoples have historically shared numerous similarities across various ways. National holidays serve as a significant unifying factor between these two ethnic groups. The article delves into the historical transformation of national holidays, which unite two nationalities – Buryats and the Mongols. The author elucidates the role and significance of these national holidays, arguing for the necessity of fostering interest among the younger generation in the traditions and culture of their ancestors. Through an examination of the cultural and historical contexts of these celebrations, the article highlights their potential to enhance bilateral relations and promote mutual understanding between Russia and Mongolia.
Strategi Guru dalam Menangani Siswa Lamban Belajar di MI Muhammadiyah 2 Kedungbanteng
Authors: Hartanti Regista Dwi Adi , Indrakurniawan Machful
Published: December 2024

This study aims to describe the strategies applied by teachers in dealing with students with learning difficulties at MI Muhammadiyah 2 Kedungbanteng. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The research was conducted at MI Muhammadiyah 2 Kedungbanteng, Sidoarjo, using data collection techniques of observation, interview, and documentation. Data analysis refers to the Milles and Huberman analysis model, which includes data reduction, data display, verification, and conclusion drawing stages. Data validity was tested using triangulation techniques. The results show that teachers apply effective strategies in dealing with slow learners, including motivation, selection of appropriate learning media, flexibility in material delivery, repetition, and personal approach. By providing praise, simple explanations and individualized guidance, teachers succeeded in helping slow learners achieve success and increase their intrinsic motivation. Overall, a responsive and flexible approach to learning plays an important role in improving the achievement of students with learning difficulties.
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Pancasila Mahasiswa Keperawatan Sebagai Upaya Mematuhi Kode Etik Tenaga Medis Berkualitas
Authors: Isnina Fathimah , Syafiq Ahmad Nur , Kurniawati Eka , Anwari Anwari
Published: December 2024

This research aims to teach nursing students about the values of Pancasila which can be implemented in everyday life and also in the world of work in health services for the community. This is an effort to comply with the nursing code of ethics in the hope that nursing students can become quality medical personnel.This research is qualitative research using the library research method, while the data collection uses library data such as on Google Scholar. The researcher carried out data analysis through several stages, namely content and discourse analysis, drawing conclusions from the reading and explaining it logically and systematically. The results of research on the implementation of Pancasila values in Nursing Students' Efforts to Comply with the Code of Ethics to Become Quality Medical Personnel, namely a) The importance of practicing Pancasila b) Pancasila values c) Code of Ethics and ethical principles for nurses d) The relationship between the code of ethics and Pancasila values e) The purpose of Pancasila values being taught to nursing students. f) implementation of Pancasila values that can be applied by nursing students in accordance with the nursing code of ethics.
A Strategic Approach to Empowerment and Improving Educational Quality: Women's Leadership in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Mahmoud Farid Saber
Published: December 2024

The growing global recognition of leadership diversity and the acknowledgment of women's contributions to higher education necessitate the appointment of women to leadership positions within academic institutions, which is essential for promoting inclusivity and improving educational outcomes. This study employed a qualitative descriptive research methodology to examine the role of women in leadership positions within higher education institutions, with the objective of empowering women and improving the quality of education offered. The results demonstrate that women in leadership positions adeptly tackle institutional difficulties through inventive and adaptable solutions, enhancing academic quality significantly. The findings highlight the importance of robust policies and organizational backing in facilitating women's achievement of quality goals via leadership. The report suggests that universities, colleges, and departments should implement quotas to ensure women's presence and active participation on their boards, as well as training programs to support female leaders in improving academic achievement. These ideas seek to improve the quality of higher education by creating more sustainable and progressive classroom environments.