bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effect of Muscle Relaxation and Guided Imagery on Happiness and Fear of Childbirth in Primiparous Women Admitted to Health Care Centers
Authors: Boryri Tahereh , Navidian Ali , Marghzari Nasimeh
Published: November 2019

Objectives: Giving birth is a unique experience that requires a pregnant woman’s ability to cope with labor pain. Using happiness, this potential can be given to a pregnant woman. This study was performed to compare the effect of muscle relaxation and guided imagery on the happiness and fear of delivery in primiparous women. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on a sample 0f 180 primiparous women who referred to healthcare centers in Zahedan during 2017. The subjects were selected by the available sampling method. Then, Brislin’s and Oxford Questionnaires were used to evaluate the fear of childbirth (FOC) and happiness, respectively. Through simple randomization, people who were qualified were included in relaxation, guided imagery, and control groups. Finally, a four-week training program was implemented for individual training. Results: Before the intervention, the mean scores for the FOC in relaxation, guided imagery, and control groups were 39.51 ± 6.91, 44.00 ± 9.30, and 41.56 ± 9.37, respectively, and after the intervention, they were 30.45 ± 6.56, 34.78 ± 9.36 and 41.78 ± 8.69, respectively. Based on the results, the mean scores of the FOC after the intervention showed a significant difference among the groups (P=0.0001). In addition, the mean scores for happiness were 37.5 ± 15.54, 34.54 ± 17.72, and 36.78 ± 18.97, as well as 54.66 ± 14, 49.63 ± 17.05, and 36.65 ± 18.28 before and after the intervention in relaxation, guided imagery, and control groups, respectively (P=0.0001). Conclusions: To prevent unnecessary cesarean sections, the current study confirmed the effect of muscle relaxation and guided imagery techniques for reducing the fear of delivery while increasing happiness in pregnant women.
Cartas contra las obras de santa Teresa de Jesús
Authors: Pérez-Gironda Rocío
Published: November 2019

La Inquisición estuvo muy presente durante el Siglo de Oro español. Principalmente se dedicó a controlar las obras literarias que se realizaban, sobre todo, las de carácter religioso, para evitar que las malas doctrinas se extendiesen. Una de las autoras que fue denunciada a la institución fue santa Teresa de Jesús. Parte de estas acusaciones se realizaron después de la muerte de la religiosa, cuando sus obras fueron publicadas por fray Luis de León, aunque también hay algunas cartas en las que fue defendida. Son estas acusaciones las que van a ser analizadas en el presente estudio.
Optimal Hajj Funds Management by Islamic Bank
Authors: Pratiwi Ariani Dian , Fahmi Idqan , Ismal Rifki
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this paper is to find the optimal portfolio of Hajj fund management by the Islamic banks in Indonesia. BPKH, as an authority, can place the Hajj fund on Islamic bank deposits. However, Islamic banks limited the expected returns and risks set by BPKH so that the appropriate strategy is required to establish the optimal of portfolio. Islamic banks face a trade-off because of the increased level of risk constrains the intention to get higher returns. This study uses a mean-variance portfolio optimization theory to construct such an optimal portfolio. Finally, this study recommends Murabaha financing and SBIS to Islamic banks as the optimal portfolio selection. The combination of an efficient portfolio that has formed cannot be fully employed because the expectation limits them. However, Islamic banks can still select the optimal portfolio combination according to their risk preferences.JEL Classification: G11, G18
Alonso, Luis Enrique; Fernández-Rodríguez, Carlos Jesús. (2018). Poder y sacrificio. Los nuevos discursos de la empresa. Madrid: Siglo XXI.
Authors: Gantman Ernesto R.
Published: November 2019

Poder y sacrificio. Los nuevos discursos de la empresa, de Luis Enrique Alonso y Carlos Fernández-Rodríguez, continúa con su línea de sociología crítica de­sarrollada en los ensayos recogidos en Los discursos del presente (Alonso & Fernández-Rodríguez, 2014), centrando el foco de análisis en el discurso de la li­teratura gerencial. Desde sus primeras páginas, los autores plantean una vi­sión muy negativa del estado actual del orden capitalista, que contrasta con una construcción discursiva de una realidad que lo presenta como natural, inevitable e incluso deseable.  Muchos discursos se entrelazan en este proceso de definición de la realidad social, pero la literatura gerencial, un dominio de análisis de aparente simplicidad, orien­tación prescriptiva y mayoritario sen­tido común, tiene un rol constitutivo esencial. En seis capítulos, que pueden leerse como ensayos independientes, Alonso y Fernández-Rodríguez exa­minan distintas facetas del impacto de la literatura gerencial contemporánea y las formas en que contribuyen a le­gitimar el orden social contemporáneo.
FAST-FOOD ÜRÜNLERİNİN TERCİH EDİLME NEDENLERİNİN TESPİTİ: SİVAS CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: AKÇADAĞ Mualla , AHISKALI BOZKURT Tuba
Published: November 2019

Dünya genelinde, hayatın hemen her alanını kolaylaştırmak adına, pratikleşmeye yönelik alternatiflerin ortaya çıkması, yeme alışkanlıklarını da evrilmeye yöneltmiştir. Öyle ki, yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda geleneksel yeme alışkanlıklarından fast food yeme şekline büyük bir geçiş yapıldığı görülmektedir. Fast food yeme şeklinin hitap ettiği büyük bir hedef kitle vardır ki, bu kitlenin önemli bir bölümünü gençler özellikle de öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır.

Bu çalışma, Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin fast food ürünlerini tercih etme nedenlerini belirlemek ve bu nedenlerle öğrencilerin demografik özellikleri ile bir farklılık olup olmadığını anlamak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın anakütlesini Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi’nde okuyan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Ankette fast food ürünlerini tercih etme nedenlerini anlamaya yönelik Öncü ve ark. (2007) tarafından uygulanan ölçekten yararlanılmıştır. Ölçek 6 boyuttan oluşmakta ve boyutlar toplamda 19 ifade ile ölçülmektedir. Uygulanan anket formunun ikinci bölümünde ise öğrencilerin demografik özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik ifadeler yer almaktadır.

Araştırmanın bulguları arasında öğrenciler için fast food tercih etme nedenlerinden ürün özelliği boyutundan olan yiyeceklerin tazeliği alt boyutu önemli görülmektedir.
The usefulness of Tanita TBF-310 for body composition assessment in Judo athletes using a four-compartment molecular model as the reference method
Authors: Domingos Christophe , Matias Catarina Nunes , Cyrino Edilson Serpeloni , Sardinha Luís Bettencourt , Silva Analiza Mónica
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY Body composition assessment at the molecular level is relevant for the athletic population and its association with high performance is well recognized. The four-compartment molecular model (4C) is the reference method for fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) estimation. However, its implementation in a real context is not feasible. Coaches and athletes need practical body composition methods for body composition assessment, and the bioelectrical impedance analysis method (BIA) is usually seen as a useful alternative. The aim of this study was to test the validity of BIA (Tanita, TBF-310) to determine the FM and FFM of elite judo athletes. A total of 29 males were evaluated in a period of weight stability using the reference method (4C) and the alternative method (Tanita, TBF-310). Regarding the 4C method, total-body water was assessed by deuterium dilution, bone mineral by DXA, and body volume by air displacement plethysmography. The slops and intercepts differed from 1 (0.39 and 1.11) and 0 (4.24 and -6.41) for FM and FFM, respectively. FM from Tanita TBF-310 overestimated the 4C method by 0.2 kg although no differences were found for FFM. Tanita TBF-310 explained 21% and 72% respectively in the estimation of absolute values of FM and FFM from the 4C method. Limits of agreement were significant, varying from -6.7 kg to 7.0 kg for FM and from -8.9 kg to 7.5 kg for FFM. In conclusion, TBF-310 Tanita is not a valid alternative method for estimating body composition in highly trained judo athletes.
Basic Life Support: an accessible tool in layperson training
Authors: Bonizzio Carolina Reis , Nagao Christopher K. , Polho Gabriel B. , Paes Vitor R.
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES 1) To evaluate the efficiency of a new method of training laypeople on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). 2) To assess previous knowledge of the participants. METHODS Instructors were trained according to the 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines, with emphasis on CPR. Dummies made with PET bottles were used, and a questionnaire was applied to the participants before and after training. Statistical analysis was performed in the R commander program. Participants with incomplete documents were excluded from the study. RESULTS Out of 101 participants, 96 were included: 69 lay people, 17 health professionals, and ten health students. There was an improvement in the overall performance after training (mean pre: 62.7%, mean post: 75.8%, p <0.01), also present in the following main concepts: “mouth-to-mouth breathing is not necessary” (p <0.01), “risk of contamination” (p <0.01), “compression technique” (p <0.01). The concepts “recognition of severity” and “what is chest compression” did not improve, but had good pre-test means, 96.8% and 81.2%. There was no statistical difference in the knowledge between the groups (laypeople vs. health professionals and students, pre=0,06 e post=0,33). CONCLUSION The tools used in training were efficient. However, further studies are necessary to assess the long-term impact of this intervention.
Fever of unknown origin in special groups
Authors: Santana Leonardo Fernandes e , Rodrigues Mateus de Sousa , Silva Marylice Pâmela de Araújo , Brito Rodrigo José Videres Cordeiro de , Nicacio Jandir Mendonça , Duarte Rita Marina Soares de Castro , Gomes Orlando Vieira
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY Fever of undetermined origin (FUO) is a challenging entity with a striking presence in hospitals around the world. It is defined as temperature ≥ 37.8 ° C on several occasions, lasting ≥ three weeks, in the absence of diagnosis after three days of hospital investigation or 3 outpatient visits. The main etiologies are infectious, neoplastic, and non-infectious inflammatory diseases. The diagnosis is based on the detailed clinical history and physical examination of these patients, in order to direct the specific complementary tests to be performed in each case. The initial diagnostic approach of the FUO patient should include non-specific complementary exams. Empirical therapy is not recommended (with few exceptions) in patients with prolonged fever, as it may disguise and delay the diagnosis and conduct to treat the specific etiology. The prognosis encompasses mortality of 12-35%, varying according to the baseline etiology.
Raynaud’s phenomenon in the occupational context
Authors: Cordeiro Rafael Alves , Andrade Rogério Muniz de
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To review articles that evaluated the prevalence of Raynaud’s phenomenon of occupational origin. METHODS The search for articles was carried out in the Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Latin America and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs) databases. RESULTS 64 articles were obtained from the electronic search; 18 articles met the eligibility criteria. All studies discussed the exposure to vibrations in the upper limbs. In 6 of them, the thermal issue was directly or indirectly addressed. No studies have addressed exposure to vinyl chloride. CONCLUSIO In general, a higher prevalence of Raynaud’s phenomenon was found among vibratory tool operators compared to non-exposed workers, with an increase in the number of cases the higher the level of vibration and the time of exposure. Cold is a triggering and aggravating factor of the Raynaud phenomenon and seems to play an important role in the emergence of vascular manifestations of the hand-arm vibration syndrome.
The informational relevance of key audit matters
Authors: Alves Júnior Edilson Divino , Galdi Fernando Caio
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate whether the key audit matters (KAMs) contained in the annual standardized financial statements (SFSs) of Brazilian listed companies have contributed with informational relevance for investors. The study fills a gap in the literature by evaluating the Brazilian market’s reaction to the disclosure of the information contained in the KAMs, which became mandatory for listed companies to disclose in their financial statements as of the 2016 fiscal year. The topic under analysis is of practical relevance as the use of KAMs in the independent auditor’s report is growing and expanding to other publicly-held companies in addition to listed ones. This study provides a contribution to the Brazilian capital market regulator (Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - CVM) and the Institute of Independent Auditors of Brazil (Ibracon) regarding understanding the impacts of the new auditor’s report, thus enabling the improvement and expansion of this mechanism. For the analysis, we use the event study methodology, which consists of evaluating how information influences the market in a particular period associated with the occurrence of a disclosure event. To do so, we used the variation in the sum of the daily abnormal returns of each company on the days that form part of the information disclosure window. The results of this paper indicate the consistency of the informative content of the financial statements with KAMs, insofar as the variation in the cumulative abnormal return of the companies analyzed is positively associated with the cumulative returns in the information disclosure window for the SFSs following the adoption of the new independent auditor’s report. Thus, this paper contributes to the literature by presenting empirical evidence of the informational relevance of the content of the new audit report containing KAMs.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF INDIGOFERA SUFFRUTICOSA (MILL) ON PARACETAMOL-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN MICE
Authors: LIMA Izabela Rangel , SILVA Ivanise Brito , LIMA Roberta M Leite , SILVA Tainá M Santos , MAIA Maria B Sousa , LEITE Sônia Pereira
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Indigofera suffruticosa Mill (Fabaceae) is abundant in northeastern Brazil and popularly used in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory processes. Several biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumor, hepatoprotective and low toxicity, are reported for this plant. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated hepatoprotective activity and the antioxidant effect of methanolic extract of I. suffruticosa leaves (MEIS) on Swiss albino mice submitted to experimental models of acetaminophen-induced liver injury. METHODS: MEIS (50 mg/kg; p.o.) was standardized according to the LD50 and its hepatoprotective property on Swiss albino mice evaluated during a 7-day period. On the eighth day, the acetaminophen-induced hepatic injury was performed. Histomorphometric analysis of liver tissue, antioxidant activity and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (AST), aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin were measured. RESULTS: MEIS (50 mg/kg; p.o.) restored serum enzyme levels and results were close to those of positive control (silymarin) when compared to the negative control. Histopathological and histomorphometric analyzes confirmed MEIS hepatoprotective activity, showing reorganization of structural units of cells, nuclei and sinusoidal capillaries of hepatocytes, reducing the damage on liver tissue and increasing organ regeneration rate. MEIS showed high antioxidant potential at concentrations of 1000 and 500 µg/mL. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that MEIS has hepatoprotective activity and high antioxidant potential.
IMPACT OF CURRENT DIET AT THE RISK OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)
Authors: DUARTE Sebastião Mauro Bezerra , STEFANO José Tadeu , VANNI Denise Siqueira , CARRILHO Flair José , OLIVEIRA Claudia Pinto Marques Souza de
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects approximately 20%-30% of general population and is even more prevalent among obese individuals. The risk factors mainly associated with NAFLD are diseases related to the metabolic syndrome, genetics and environment. In this review, we provide a literature compilation evaluating the evidence behind dietary components, including calories intake, fat, protein, fibers and carbohydrate, especially fructose which could be a trigger to development and progression of the NAFLD. In fact, it has been demonstrated that diet is an important factor for the development of NAFLD and its association is complex and extends beyond total energy intake.
METALLOTHIONEIN-2A (RS1610216&RS28366003) GENE POLYMORPHISMS AND THE RISK OF STOMACH ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: SHOKRZADEH Mohammad , MOHAMMADPOUR Abbas , GHASSEMI-BARGHI Nasrin , HOSEINI Vahid , ABEDIANKENARI Saied , TABARI Yahya Saleh
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cause of worldwide cancer. Also in contrast to the huge advances in curing, the chance of living is very low even in surgery cases. Having a genetic predisposition plays an important role in cancer development. The association between Metallothionein-2A gene polymorphisms and the risk of adenocarcinoma has been widely studied, yet there is only one study on stomach diseases. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between 2 (MT-2A) polymorphisms and adenocarcinoma. METHODS: This cross-sectional case control study was performed between Mach 2014 and January 2015 at the Tuba Hospital of Sari, Iran. Peripheral blood samples were collected in EDTA tube. DNA extraction was performed using the spin column procedure. The MT-2A polymorphisms MT-2A (rs1610216), (rs28366003) were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in 95 a topic adenocarcinoma patients and 90 healthy individuals from Iranian population. RESULTS: The MT-2A rs1610216 polymorphism increased the risk of adeno carcinoma in our Iranian population [OR: 3.8533; 95%CI, 1.3155-11.2869; P=0.0139] and rs28366003 [OR: 4.0978; 95%CI, 1.2521-13.4108; P=0.0197]. CONCLUSION: The MT-2A gene polymorphism was associated with the risk of adenocarcinoma in the Iranian population.
NEW IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE EFFECTIVENESS AGAINST HEPATITIS B IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION PATIENTS
Authors: RODRIGUES Isabela Cristina , SILVA Rita de Cássia Martins Alves da , FELÍCIO Helen Catharine Camarero de , SILVA Renato Ferreira da
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although liver transplantation is considered to be a high-risk procedure, it is well-established as a treatment option for the cure and quality of life enhancement for individuals who suffer from diseases. Preventing an infection by hepatitis B virus through immunization schedules has been the most effective way to reduce complications, since it decreases the number of people who suffer from chronic hepatitis caused by the hepatitis B virus and eradicates its transmission. OBJECTIVE: 1. Analyzing evidence in the literature on various schedules employed for immunization against hepatitis B in patients who have received a liver transplantation. 2. Suggesting potential immunization schedules against hepatitis B in patients who suffer from liver cirrhosis, without previous verifying documentation, using the Child-Turcotte Pugh score, according to evidences found in the literature. METHODS: Systematic review of the literature, conducted on the data bases MedLine, PubMed, and Lilacs, between September, 2017 and January, 2018, by using the following keywords: “Liver Transplantation, “Immunization Schedule”, “Hepatitis B Vaccines”. In order to analyze the articles, a summary figure was especially designed and both the results and discussion were presented in a descriptive way. RESULTS: We included 24 studies; among them, eight had accelerated immunization schedules, 13 followed the conventional schedules, and three had super accelerated schedules. Regarding immunization, 21 studies were conducted with patients in the pre-transplant period, one with a transplanted patient, one with a pre-transplant group, and one with a post-transplant group. Found articles suggest that, disregarding the chosen immunization schedule, seroconversion rates tended to be lower as the liver disease advanced, compared to the healthy population. CONCLUSION: The studies did not find seroconversion superiority between the different immunization schedules (conventional and unconventional). However, since candidates to liver transplantation are usually very vulnerable, results show that super accelerated immunization schedules are possibly recommended for such group of patients; serologic test results will be higher when the immunization schedule is completed in the pre-transplant period.
Partial diallel and potential of super sweet corn inbred lines bt 2 to obtain hybrids
Authors: Xavier Larissa Fernanda S , Pestana Jéssica Kelly , Sekiya Alline , Krause Matheus D , Moreira Rosângela Maria P , Ferreira Josué M
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to determine the potential of S4 super sweet corn inbred lines for hybrid synthesis, identify the predominant types of gene action and correlations among different traits, significant for breeding programs. The 81 hybrids obtained from a partial diallel 9x9 and three checks were evaluated. A complete randomized block design, with three replicates, and two sowing seasons was used. We could notice significant hybrid effects, general combining ability (GCA) of GI and GII groups and specific combining ability (SCA) in relation to evaluated traits, highlighting the existence of hybrids with superior performance and the expression of additive and non-additive effects. The inbred lines: L1, L3, L6 and L9 (GI) and L1’, L7’ and L9’ (GII) showed the best GCA and SCA estimates, being present in the nine selected hybrids with superior and competitive performance in relation to the checks. The estimated correlations indicate that, for a breeding program aiming to increase grain productivity, evaluating, at least, the dehusked ears, prioritizing genotypes with larger ear diameters and longer ear lengths is important.
Productivity, quality of fruits and architecture of Jalapeño pepper at different planting densities
Authors: Ragassi Carlos Francisco , Zucolotto Juliana , Gomes Lucas M , Ribeiro Cláudia SC , Madeira Nuno Rodrigo , Reifschneider Francisco José B
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Mechanizing the harvest of Jalapeño pepper involves changes in the production system. Spacings between plants in rows (10 to 40 cm; 60 cm fixed between rows) were evaluated in relation to plant architecture, productivity and fruit quality of cultivar BRS Sarakura during three years, in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Productivity (41.9 to 78.8 t ha-1) and plant height (40.1 to 47.3 cm) responded linearly to density; on the other hand, productivity per plant responded negatively (0.48 to 1.04 kg plant-1). The stem first bifurcation height was little influenced. Fruit chemical analyses were carried out in the second year of the experiment; spacing significantly influenced pH (5.36 to 4.84), total titratable acidity (TTA) (0.48 to 0.36%) and total soluble solids (TSS)/TTA ratio (11.5 to 15.6); no influence on TSS (5.65%) was noticed, though. The increase of plant population provided an increase in productivity without affecting fruit quality; the highest height of the first bifurcation achieved may not be enough to enable mechanized harvesting of the cultivar BRS Sarakura.
Prospection of genetic resistance resources to root-knot nematodes in cucurbit genotypes
Authors: Pinheiro Jadir B , Silva Giovani Olegario da , Oliveira Valter R , Amaro Geovani Bernardo , Morais Alexandre Augusto de
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to prospect genetic resistant sources to root-knot-nematode in Cucurbitaceae accessions. Two assays were conducted, the first to evaluate the resistance to root-knot nematode, M. incognita race 1 in accessions of Lagenaria vulgaris; Sicana odorifera; Cucurbita facifolia; Luffa sp.; Citrullus lanatus cv. Citroides; Lagenaria vulgaris; Cucurbita moschata; Cucurbita moschata x Cucurbita maxima; Cucumis melo and Cucumis metuliferus. The second to evaluate the reaction to nematode M. incognita race 1, M. javanica and M. enterolobii of the three accessions of Cucumis metuliferus (‘Kino’) considered resistant to M. incognita race 1 in the first experiment. The assays were carried out in a greenhouse at Embrapa Hortaliças in a completely randomized design with six replications. The seedlings in pots were inoculated with 5000 eggs and juveniles of 2nd stage (J2) of each Meloidogyne species alone. Fifty-three and eighty-four days after inoculation, respectively in both experiments, the plants were evaluated for egg mass index (IMO), gall index (IG), number of eggs per gram of root (NEGR) and reproduction factor (RF). The melon Cucumis metuliferus known as ‘Kino’ was identified as genetic source of resistance to root-knot nematodes and can be explored in breeding program as resistant rootstock.
Direct selection for phenotypic traits in carrot genotypes
Authors: Carvalho Agnaldo DF de , Silva Giovani O da , Pereira Gabriel E
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Selection of more productive carrot genotypes is fundamental for crop breeding programs aiming to increase productivity and reduce cost production. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate gains from direct selection and to measure its effects on other agronomic traits of interest in carrots. Thirty six carrot genotypes were evaluated in two experiments: the first, sown in the second half of November 2016 and the second one in the first week of March 2017. The experimental plots covered a useful area of 1.5 m2, in transversal rows and 0.10-m double spacing between single rows x 0.20-m between double rows in a randomized block design with 3 replicates. At 90 days, the incidence of leaf blight was evaluated using a note scale and 100 days after sowing, roots were harvested measuring the number and mass of total, commercial and non-commercial roots of each plot. The direct selection of commercial root mass allowed to estimate indirect and expressive gains for most evaluated traits, allowing to select seven genotypes (populations 758, 751, 737, 736, 735, 744 and 742) which can be released as cultivar or for the formation of a broader genetic-based population.
Impactos ambientais e financeiros da implantação do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em um complexo siderúrgico: um estudo de caso
Authors: Leopoldino Carolina Calazans Lopes , Barbosa Djanine Carolina , Mendonça Fabrício Molica de , Infante Carlos Eduardo Durange de Carvalho , Nogueira Elizete Antunes Teixeira
Published: November 2019

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por finalidade analisar o processo de implantação do plano de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos (PGRS) em um complexo siderúrgico, de modo que se identifiquem possíveis ganhos financeiros associados aos ganhos ambientais. Para atender ao objetivo proposto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho descritivo e analítico, adotando a pesquisa-ação como estratégia de pesquisa. Os recursos metodológicos usados foram pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os resultados permitiram levantar e classificar os resíduos gerados pelo complexo, para conhecer sua natureza, legislações pertinentes e métodos de tratamento; acompanhar o processo de implantação do novo plano de tratamento de resíduos; e analisar os impactos financeiros associados aos ganhos ambientais. A análise de indicadores mostrou que, até o ano de 2014, as despesas com o gerenciamento de resíduos eram maiores que as receitas. Já em 2015, com a implantação do PGRS, houve aumento de receitas, provenientes de venda de resíduos recicláveis e redução de custos de tratamento de resíduos, mostrando ser possível, com um trabalho coletivo e focado, atender a legislações ambientais e ainda trazer um retorno financeiro para a empresa.
Profissionalismo docente e estratégias para o seu fortalecimento: entrevista com Lee Shulman
Authors: Born Bárbara Barbosa , Prado Ana Pires do , Felippe Janaína Mourão Freire Gori
Published: November 2019

Resumo A entrevista com Lee Shulman, professor emérito da Faculdade de Educação de Stanford, aborda as ideais centrais da carreira desse pesquisador no campo da formação docente. Diante da necessidade de repensar os processos formativos de futuros professores, a entrevista oferece um mergulho nas pesquisas realizadas por Shulman que investigam a necessária centralidade da escola e da prática durante a formação, a relação entre universidade, políticas públicas e a docência, além do profissionalismo docente. O ponto inicial da conversa é definição que o autor faz de docência e os desafios do profissionalismo docente. Outra ideia central explorada é a categoria de conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo, conceito cunhado pelo autor, em 1984, para definir os saberes específicos da docência, que a diferenciam das outras carreiras, e que até hoje influenciam as pesquisas no campo. Shulman enfatiza em diversos momentos da entrevista que para ensinar é necessário saber mais do que o conteúdo. O professor precisa compreender as diferentes maneiras de representar o conteúdo, as formas pelas quais alunos com diferentes repertórios podem interpretá-lo, bem como as diversas estratégias de ensino que podem ser utilizadas nos vários contextos. Discutem-se, ainda, a responsabilidade da universidade na preparação profissional docente, bem como fundamentos e estratégias para assegurar que essa formação esteja centrada na prática, focada na preparação para o ensino para a equidade e tenha qualidade elevada. Por fim, Shulman apresenta seus conselhos a três grupos de atores: pesquisadores e formadores de professores nas universidades, formuladores de políticas públicas e professores.
Valoración del perfil competencial del jefe pedagógico de centros educativos chilenos en contextos vulnerables
Authors: Montaner Daniel Villarroel , Sallán Joaquín Gairín , Bustamante José Garcés
Published: November 2019

Resumen La investigación se centra en el perfil de competencias profesionales del jefe pedagógico en centros escolares chilenos situados en contextos vulnerables, identificando sus competencias específicas asociadas a dominios de competencia esenciales, contextualizado a este tipo de centros y según el perfil que considera el empleador. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa de caso único, con metodología mixta y diseño etnográfico, incluyendo el análisis de tres documentos oficiales por el Comité de Jefatura Pedagógica, un grupo focal con sostenedores, así como tres cuestionarios a expertos en el tema y cinco reuniones de trabajo con dicho Comité. Los resultados identifican cuatro dominios: a) Liderazgo pedagógico, referido a guiar e impulsar procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los docentes; b) Acompañamiento pedagógico–administrativo, que se relaciona con coordinar, monitorear y apoyar a los profesores; c) la Gestión curricular de los aprendizajes, que guarda relación con monitorear los procesos escolares; y d) la Gestión de proyectos de innovación, asociada a dirigir y organizar proyectos de innovación propuestos por los profesores. El estudio aporta la identificación de dieciséis competencias profesionales según cuatro dominios aplicables a contextos vulnerables, que fueron sometidas a validación por sostenedores y expertos de Educación Superior. El perfil final elaborado es calificado de Muy Alto y Alto por los estamentos directivos que participaron como muestra piloto durante su aplicación.
Morphological and molecular identification with frequency analysis of Calicophoron microbothrioides in central Chile
Authors: Cerda Carolina , Veloso-Frías Joseline , Lobos-Chávez Felipe , Oyarzún-Ruiz Pablo , Henríquez AnaLía , Loyola Marco , Fuente María Carolina Silva-de la , Ortega René , Letelier Reinaldo , Landaeta-Aqueveque Carlos
Published: November 2019

Abstract This research aimed to determine the presence of paramphistomids in cattle slaughtered in a slaughterhouse of the Ñuble Region of Chile, to identify flukes and to analyze the frequency of these parasites in the Maule, Ñuble, and Biobío administrative regions of Chile. Between October of 2016 and April of 2017, rumens of 494 cattle were examined for flukes in the forestomachs. Worms were identified morphologically and, in addition, molecular analysis of the internal transcriber spacer region 2 of the fluke’s DNA was done and phylogenetic analyses were performed with Bayesian inference in 14 worms. The frequency was analyzed by locality (low- or highlands) and age. The overall frequency was 11.24%. The district with the highest frequency of presentation was Chillán Viejo (30.8%). Districts in the lowlands had similar frequencies to those in the mountain lands (p=0.1). The frequency of flukes was significantly higher in adult animals than in young ones (p<0.01). We obtained a 460 bp-length fragment of DNA that was identical to the sequences previously identified as Paramphistomum cervi and Calicophoron microbothrioides, and performed morphological analyses confirmed that our samples belonged to C. microbothrioides. This is the first published study of C. microbothrioides in Chile.
In Reply
Authors: Warner Blake , Baer Alan
Published: November 2019

This letter to the editor is in response to the letter from Brugu's and colleagues regarding the Warner et al. study of sicca syndrome induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Glass-fibre-reinforced polymer: the low carbon dioxide option for permanent rock bolts
Authors: Thomas Alun H.
Published: November 2019

Traditionally steel has been used for rock bolts in tunnelling. Faced with the challenge of reducing mankind's environmental impact, it is necessary to look at using better alternatives. Glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) has been used for many years in tunnelling applications, primarily for temporary applications. GFRP has many advantages such as its excellent durability characteristics, its light weight, which reduces manual handling impacts on workers in the tunnel, and its lower environmental impact. One obstacle to the more widespread adoption of GFRP for permanent applications has been a concern over its performance in shear. It is well understood that during shearing the rock bolts actually deform under bending and the tensile strength of the bolt governs the behaviour. This paper will describe a new design method to account for the benefit of the bolts in resisting shearing on discontinuity planes. This method can be used in numerical models to demonstrate that GFRP bolts function as well as steel bolts in terms of resisting both tensile and shear loading from the rock mass. This opens the path for the wider use of GFRP rock bolts, which offer superior durability and a lower environmental impact.
The main trends in the formation of the modern Russian political picture of the world
Authors: Golikova T.A.
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the processes of formation of the modern Russian political picture of the world. The latest borrowings in the field of international politics and their adaptation in Russian are analyzed. The number of contexts of use, as well as the formation of word-formative nests demonstrate the speed of change in the picture of the world, its dynamism, mobility. Appeal to the world and Soviet history and symbolism, world and Slavic folklore, national character-the main strategy of the effectiveness of the Russian political picture of the world.
The main types of semantic relations within the lexical-semantic groups
Authors: Kornev V.A. , Dedova О.M. , Dedova O.V.
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the principal structural semantic relations within the lexical-semantic groups: paradigmatic and syntagmatic. The implementation of the semantic properties of words lexical compatibility gives the opportunity to explore the semantics of words of linguistic methods based on the data contained in the speech (the text), are used where the researcher is interested in words.
Vibroarthrography, arthrophonography — methods for non-invasive detection of the knee cartilage damage
Authors: Akhpashev Alexandr A. , Fursenko Gleb V. , Skvortsov Dmitry V. , Kaurkin Sergey N.
Published: November 2019

Phonoarthrography, vibration arthrography are non-invasive methods for assessing the condition of cartilage and the knee joint as a whole based on the sounds made by the joint movement. Acoustic sensors (accelerometers, microphones) are attached to the knee to measure the knee joint noise both in control groups (young adults and elderly subjects) and in patients with knee osteoarthropathies. Different authors propose different methods for attaching sensors, documenting and analyzing the joint sounds. The identified specific features allowed distinguishing between asymptomatic knee joints and those with osteoarthropathies. Acoustic signals were recorded and processed, and their frequency characteristics were determined and classified. The classification effectiveness correlated with the existing diagnostic tests and hence phonoarthrography and vibration arthrography can be qualified as a useful diagnostic aid.
The Mackenzie Mountains EarthScope Project: Studying Active Deformation in the Northern North American Cordillera from Margin to Craton
Authors: Baker Michael G. , Heath David C. , Schutt Derek L. , Aster Richard C. , Cubley Joel F. , Freymueller Jeffrey T.
Published: November 2019

The Mackenzie Mountains EarthScope Project—a collaboration between Colorado State University, the University of Alaska, Michigan State University, and Yukon College—deployed a roughly linear, 40-station broadband seismographic network. This network crossed the actively deforming Northern Canadian Cordillera and the Mackenzie Mountains in Yukon, Canada; it also extended into the Canadian Shield in Northwest Territories, Canada. The array was deployed between July 2016 and August 2018 (with four pilot stations installed in July 2015 and three extended stations operating through August 2019) coinciding with and complementing the deployment of the EarthScope Transportable Array to Alaska and western Canada. In this article, we present an overview of project scientific objectives, station configurations, and site conditions; discuss environmental challenges, including those that resulted in station downtime (e.g., spring flooding and encounters with bears); and suggest potential solutions to such subarctic challenges for the benefit of future deployments in comparable regions. We also include an initial characterization of seasonal and geographic variations in ambient seismic noise for the northwestern Canadian Cordillera.
Calibration Analysis and Noise Estimates of WWSSN Station ALQ (Albuquerque, New Mexico)
Authors: Ringler Adam T. , Wilson David C. , Wolin Emily , Storm Tyler , Sandoval Leo
Published: November 2019

World-Wide Standardized Seismograph Network (WWSSN) records contain daily calibration pulses that can be used to retrieve the magnification as well as the response of the instrument for a given day record. We analyze a select number of long-period vertical (LPZ) records from WWSSN station ALQ (Albuquerque, New Mexico). Although we find that the response of this instrument varies widely throughout time, we show that in most cases, we are able to estimate a pole-zero response that has a root mean square error of <10%. The variability of responses in historical networks has been reported elsewhere because a large number of adjustments of the galvanometer and seismometer were necessary. Using our derived responses, we estimate noise levels for a number of 1 hr digitized traces. We find that noise levels for the LPZ ALQ records are lower than previously reported, suggesting that these records can resolve smaller amplitude signals than previously suggested. We also find that although care must be taken in the digitization and calibration analysis, we are not limited by noise introduced in the digitization process. Finally, we see that to retrieve the full secondary microseism amplitude, we must use both the LPZ and short-period components because the LPZ component is limited by system noise at periods less than ∼5  s.
Federalizacja jako środek do rozwiązania konfliktów na Bliskim Wschodzie. Przypadek Demokratycznej Federacji Północnej Syrii
Authors: Błaszczyk Cezary
Published: November 2019

Artykuł jest poświęcony systemowi federalnemu w Demokratycznej Federacji Północnej Syrii (Północnej i Wschodniej Syrii), tzw. Rożawie. System ten stanowi przypadek szczególny: z jednej strony ze względu na realizację koncepcji etnofederalizmu, z drugiej zaś z uwagi na zakorzenienie w doktrynie demokratycznego konfederalizmu (tj. myśli politycznej Abdullaha Öcalana). Demokratyczny konfederalizm, nawiązując w dużej mierze do komunalizmu i municypalizmu Murraya Bookchina, opowiada się za realizacją na Bliskim Wschodzie nowego ładu, w którym rozmaite wspólnoty etniczne i religijne mogłyby w ramach swoich odrębnych, lecz połączonych ze sobą w konfederalną sieć, organizacji realizować model demokracji partycypacyjnej i pluralizmu prawnego. Porządek ten, oparty na zasadach demokracji, federalizacji, równouprawnienia kobiet i mężczyzn, ekologii oraz ekonomii społecznej, ma prowadzić do wygaszenia istniejących konfliktów i pokojowej współpracy pomiędzy społecznościami – najpierw Syrii, a później całego regionu.
Youth Access to Tobacco Products in the United States, 2016-2018
Authors: Liu Sherry T. , Snyder Kimberly , Tynan Michael A. , Wang Teresa W.
Published: November 2019

Objectives: In 2018, approximately 4.9 million US middle and high school students reported past 30-day use of any tobacco product. This study describes how and where youth obtained tobacco products and whether refusal of sale occurred during 2016-2018. Methods: Data from
3 annual waves (2016-2018) of the National Youth Tobacco Survey, a school-based survey of US youth in grades 6-12, were analyzed among current (past 30-day) tobacco product users aged 9 to 17 years. Results: During 2016-2018, youth tobacco product users most commonly obtained tobacco
products from social sources. Although the percentage of users who reported buying tobacco products significantly decreased from 2016 to 2018 (2016: 15.6%; 2018: 11.4%), no significant differences in the prevalence of being refused sale were observed (2016: 24.7%; 2018: 25.5%). Conclusions:
Whereas the number of youth users who report buying tobacco products has declined, sales of tobacco products to youth remain a public health concern, as only one in 4 youth who attempted to buy were refused sale in 2018. Monitoring youth tobacco product purchases, retailer compliance check
inspections, and retailer penalties for sales to minors remain important for reducing youth access at retail sources.
Problem of Consonant Clusters in Chinese Adaptations of Polish Surnames
Authors: Hryniewska Joanna
Published: November 2019

Problem zbitek spółgłoskowych w chińskich adaptacjach polskich nazwisk

Artykuł prezentuje pewne zjawiska fonetyczno-graficzne występujące w chińskich substytucjach polskich nazwisk. Praca koncentruje się na uproszczeniu zbitek spółgłoskowych w inicjalnych i finalnych sylabach polskich nazwisk. Z badanego materiału zostały zaczerpnięte liczne przykłady progresywnych i redukcyjnych zmian dźwiękowych. Typ progresywny zmian dźwiękowych obejmuje anaptyksę i paragogę. Zmiany redukcyjne to afereza, synkopa i apokopa. Materiał badawczy składa się z 668 polskich nazwisk oraz 778 ich wariantów adaptacyjnych, funkcjonujących w języku chińskim.

Właściwe rozważania są poprzedzone teoretycznym opisem procesu adaptacji, a także głównych różnic między językami polskim i chińskim oraz systemami ich zapisu, które znacząco wpływają na ostateczny kształt powstających substytucji.
CREATION OF YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS AS RESOURCES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ALLEVIATION OF POVERTY IN MUSLIM COUNTRIES: AN ISLAMIC APPROACH
Authors: Issoufou Chaibou
Published: November 2019

Purpose of Study: This paper aims to examine the importance of entrepreneurship and the role of young entrepreneurs in economic development. The paper explores the vital role that entrepreneurship can play in boosting economics of a country. This is because creating youth on entrepreneurial skills can be used as resources of economic development and alleviation of poverty in a country. The paper examines how Muslim youth can be created and trained as resources of development of economics and prevention of poverty in Muslim countries.

Methodology: The paper adopts qualitative research methodology to collect and analyze data on the topic in hand. This methodology is used to discuss the effect of training on young entrepreneurs and how it creates them as resources of economic growth and improvement of scarcity in a country.

Results: It finds in this paper that young entrepreneurs are the most crucial instruments that can be utilized to enhance economics of a country and eliminate poverty in the society. This is because young generation is the most important generation that can be taken as a tool and resource to develop economics of a country and alleviate poverty in the society at large.

Implications/Applications: Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in economic development and creation of young entrepreneurs can be used as resources of economic enhancement as well as job opportunity for Muslim youth. The paper suggests to have empirical research in order to have a clear picture on creation of young entrepreneurs and effect of training them on entrepreneurship as resources of economic development and alleviation of poverty in Muslim countries.
UNDERSTANDING WORK ENGAGEMENT: SIMPLIFIED LITERATURE REVIEW FOR EARLY SCHOLARS
Authors: Ahmed Umair
Published: November 2019

worked with particularized review of highly prominent studies on the topic to educate early scholars about the major scholarly developments on the topic. Methodology: Through this, the author has also reviewed and underlined how engagement can be of considerable value towards bringing passion, zeal and zest at work. To article goes further to offer details on the prominent theoretical underpinnings and the notable predictors of work engagement. Towards the end, the article also sheds light on the prominent model of work engagement, popularly known as JD-R model of engagement and the prominent efforts made towards extending in the past to help understand the concept better. Lastly, the paper also sheds light for early researcher on the concept of developmental Resources such as HR infused elements as a major gap that could be added to the JD-R and also considered by other emerging researchers for future research. Results: Overall, this simple yet critical insight-based piece of work provides a healthy piece of understanding and way forward for enthusiasts on the concept of engagement.