bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and Functional Potential of Linguistic Terms-Coreferents
Authors: Karpilovska Ievheniia
Published: October 2021

In the article the problem of coreference of terms nominated the common linguistic concept in the correlation with the problem of optimization (ordering) the Ukrainian terminological linguistic system is considered. The cognitive and functional potential of Ukrainian linguistic terms-coreferents is investigated in a broad Slavic background by the materials of Bibliographic Database of World Slavic Linguistics Publications iSybislaw – bibliographic information retrieval system which Institute of Ukrainian Language at NAS of Ukraine creates in coordination with the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The scale of equivalence for terms-coreferents within the same and different languages is determined. Types of equivalence of linguistic terms are considered by the examples of individual terms as well as by their various oppositions.
The variant of term is interpreted broadly – as the existence of different terms with different forms, but with a common object of nomination. Our narrow understanding of variants consider as the presence of the same terms with the partial changes in their forms, eg.: спрощення – опрощення. The linguistic terms- coreferents different in content and the type of formal structure are organized in such oppositions: 1) modern and old variants from the point of view of the language standard: зіяння – зяяння; 2) codified terms and author’s innovations: модальне слово – модальник; 3) contemporary and outdated terms: іменник – речівник; 4) own and foreign terms: милозвучність – евфонія; 5) synthetic (one- word) and analytic (combination of words) terms: наказовий спосіб – імператив. Often such binary oppositions may be combined, reflecting the wide range of changes in the form of the terms in modern Ukrainian scientific and educational practice and the historical perspective of the development of Ukrainian linguistic terminological system, eg.: орудний відмінок – інструменталь – знаряддєвик, інфінітив – неозначена форма дієслова – дієйменник or дієслово – глагол – часівник – слово часове – часослово. The terms-coreferents present the real picture of verbalization the certain linguistic concepts in Ukrainian language.
Groups of terms-coreferents enable optimization of the search of information in the database Isybislaw without changing the structure of its information retrieval language. However, the completeness of such groups is important as the manifestation of amplitude of possible modifications of the nomination of certain concepts in modern Ukrainian linguistics. Coordination of keyword’s list for Ukrainian language with the texts in the database will help organize terms within certain coreferent groups by decreasing of their cognitive and functional potential in the modern Ukrainian linguistic practice.
Genre Sphere of Modern Ukrainian Research Communication
Authors: Mekh Nataliia
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the problem of studying and understanding the Ukrainian scientific communication, its genre sphere in modern globalized high-tech society. Various social and cultural challenges caused the appearance of computer communication or net-communication, quantative growth of which attracts scientists of different fields. The modern form of social life are called global, network, information society. Information society – this is a knowledge society where mass produced, distributed and used various means of information. Exchange of scientific information, ideas and knowledge between scientists, researchers and specialists in various areas of science plays a leading role in the development of modern society.
The concept of genre as a central category of discourse and text is separately highlighted. Different types of speech genres are shown. Genre sphere of scientific communication is outlined. The concepts of genres correlation with different types of discourse are of special attention. Scientific discourse as a complex communicative unit, which is thematically correlated set of scientific texts of different genre of implementation, due to socio-cultural influences and target setting communicants. The current stage of scientific communication is characterized by versatility of scientific style.
Analytical and critical review of the social and thematic direction of Genre Study– Lingvogenology of scientific communication is done in the article.
A Search for Transits among the Delta Scuti Variables in Kepler
Authors: Hey Daniel R. , Montet Benjamin T. , Pope Benjamin J. S. , Murphy Simon J. , Bedding Timothy R.
Published: October 2021

We search for transits around all known pulsating δ Sct variables (6500 K < T
eff < 10,000 K) in the long-cadence Kepler data after subtracting the pulsation signal through an automated routine. To achieve this, we devise a simple and computationally inexpensive method for distinguishing between low-frequency pulsations and transits in light curves. We find three new candidate transit events that were previously hidden behind the pulsations, but caution that they are likely to be false positive events. We also examined the Kepler Objects of Interest catalog and identify 13 additional host stars that show δ Sct pulsations. For each star in our sample, we use the nondetection of pulsation timing variations for a planet that is known to be transiting a δ Sct variable to obtain both an upper limit on the mass of the planet and the expected radial velocity semi-amplitude of the host star. Simple injection tests of our pipeline imply 100% recovery for planets of 0.5 R
Jup or greater. Extrapolating our number of Kepler δ Sct stars, we expect 12 detectable planets above 0.5 R
Jup in TESS. Our sample contains some of the hottest known transiting planets around evolved stars, and is the first complete sample of transits around δ Sct variables. We make available our code and pulsation-subtracted light curves to facilitate further analysis (https://github.com/danhey/dsct-exoplanet).
Predicting productivity of timber loading operations: a literature review
Authors: Ghaffariyan Mohammad Reza
Published: October 2021

Loading is considered a bottleneck of the forest harvesting system as it acts as a connection between primary transport and secondary transport (from roadside/ landing to mills or central yards). Any delay during the loading component can cause delay in the primary wood extraction and/ or secondary transportation. This article reviewed the current knowledge on loading productivity studies. Based on the results, the main variables impacting the loading productivity include log size, log lengths, load volume per truck, number of logs (or pieces) per truck and number of safety straps. The productivity of loading operations ranged from 3.4 m3/PMH0 in a manual loading to 168.9 m3/PMH0 using mechanised loaders. The results of this review can assist the academic and industrial users for predicting, controlling and managing the productivity of loading operations. 
La communication dans l’equity crowdfunding : des investisseurs privilégiés au sein de la foule ?
Authors: Attuel-Mendes Laurence , Soulas Céline
Published: October 2021

Une communication fondée sur des informations interprétables est indispensable pour favoriser la décision de financement d’investisseurs potentiels. Elle est d’autant plus essentielle que le contexte d’incertitude propre à l’equity crowdfunding (ECF) implique une prise de risque. À ce titre, le marché français de l’ECF des biotechs santé constitue un terrain exemplaire en matière d’incertitude. Il permet de mettre en lumière l’exploitation diverse et incomplète par les plateformes des outils de communication médiatisée par ordinateur alors qu’on aurait pu penser que le crowdfunding mobilisait de façon optimale ces outils afin de fonder la décision d’investissement. En définitive, les principales plateformes d’ECF opèrent un glissement vers des logiques de club, observées dans le monde traditionnel de l’investissement, s’éloignant de ce fait de la promesse initiale du crowdfunding de démocratiser l’accès à l’investissement.
Sentiment de la langue et évolution lexico-sémantique, avec l’exemple d’une enquête sur le mot laïcité
Authors: Thiéry-Riboulot Véronica
Published: October 2021

L’objet de cet article est de démontrer que le sentiment des usagers de la langue est un critère pertinent de l’étude des évolutions lexico-sémantiques. La notion de sentiment de la langue y est d’abord définie. Ses caractéristiques sont énumérées : il est universel, mais subjectif et social ; il est normatif, mais fluctuant et évolutif. Il est donc un indicateur adéquat des évolutions mais il peut aussi en être à l’origine. D’une manière plus précise, on passe ensuite à la notion de sentiment du changement sémantique. On montre son existence et on évoque les marqueurs qui permettent d’y accéder : les énoncés métalinguistiques ordinaires exprimant le sentiment d’un changement de signification, les discours de « traduction » d’un langage à l’autre dans une même langue, la typographie et l’enquête linguistique. Enfin, à titre d’exemple, une telle enquête, menée en 2016-2017 et concernant le sentiment de l’évolution sémantique du mot laïcité, est décrite dans ses différentes phases : préalables, conception, analyse, pistes théoriques.
L’État d’Israël, une crux theologiae
Authors: Andrevon Thérèse M.
Published: October 2021

La déclaration conciliaire Nostra aetate § 4 sur le judaïsme « confesse que tous les fidèles du Christ, fils d’Abraham selon la foi, sont inclus dans la vocation de ce patriarche […] ». Or, cette vocation contenait une double promesse : une descendance et une terre. Si l’ecclésiologie a su réfléchir à frais nouveaux sur la notion de peuple de Dieu, la promesse de la terre devint un sujet tabou du fait de la création de l’État d’Israël. Or, la dimension politique est inhérente au judaïsme. De plus, le christianisme avait interprété théologiquement la destruction du Temple de Jérusalem et l’exil des juifs. Peut-il reléguer leur retour au seul domaine séculier ? Cet essai réfléchit sur la notion d’accomplissement en lien avec la restauration d’une souveraineté juive en terre d’Israël, puis se demande si la terre entre dans la notion de patrimoine commun aux juifs et aux chrétiens.
« Seigneur, est-ce maintenant le temps où tu vas rétablir le Royaume pour Israël ? » (Ac 1,6). Permanence d’Israël et apostolicité des Églises
Authors: Forestier Luc
Published: October 2021

La dernière question que posent les Onze au Christ ressuscité résonne singulièrement depuis 1948, date à laquelle un État émerge au Proche-Orient portant le nom d’Israël. Le lecteur des Actes est conduit en réalité à s’interroger sur l’autorité apostolique, comprise diversement dans les Églises chrétiennes. De même, toute interprétation des Actes est marquée par les différences dans la perception des conséquences ecclésiologiques et politiques de la permanence d’Israël.
Journal de Mgr d’Hulst pendant la Commune
Authors: Sollogoub Serge
Published: October 2021

Le bref journal de la Commune de Mgr d’Hulst, édité in extenso , donne un témoignage de première main sur les événements de la Commune, par un témoin dont le ministère se déploie auprès de l’église Saint-Ambroise, au cœur des troubles. Cela permet de mettre en valeur le service pastoral et social de Mgr d’Hulst, souvent occulté par l’œuvre intellectuelle, mais aussi le courage et la foi d’un prêtre au service du peuple qui lui est confié, qui continue son ministère avec cette étrange disposition d’esprit de pouvoir être arrêté et fusillé à n’importe quel moment.
Some generalizations of delay integral inequalities of Gronwall-Bellman type with power and their applications
Authors: Song Haoyue , Meng Fanwei
Published: October 2021

Noting the diverse generalizations of the Gronwall-Bellman inequality, this paper investigates some new delay integral inequalities with power, deriving explicit bound on the solution and providing an example. The inequalities given here can act as powerful tools for studying qualitative properties such as existence, uniqueness, boundedness, stability and asymptotics of solutions of differential and integral equations.
On bivariate Jain operators
Authors: Akçay Münüse , Başcanbaz-Tunca Gülen
Published: October 2021

In this paper we deal with bivariate extension of Jain operators. Using elementary method, we show that these opearators are non-increasing in \begin{document}$ n $\end{document} when the attached function is convex. Moreover, we demonstrate that these operators preserve the properties of modulus of continuity. Finally, we present a Voronovskaja type theorem for the sequence of bivariate Jain operators.
New Horizons for Ferroelectrics
Authors: YANG Chan-Ho
Published: October 2021

Since the discovery of ferroelectricity in 1920, dielectric research has provided a variety of fundamental physics problems and sustainable applications. Advances in synthesis and nanoscale characterization, along with theoretical innovations, have made ferroelectrics more versatile. In this perspective, we discuss several directions for future ferroelectric research in terms of flexoelectricity, ferroelectric topology, and lattice defects, as well as cooperation with associated fields.
Planning Disaster, Successful Event, and Uncertain Future: The Twin Cases of the World Expo 2015 and Innovation District in Milan
Authors: Gaeta Luca , Vita Stefano Di
Published: October 2021

More than five years after the closing of the Milan 2015 World Fair, this article examines the two projects for the Expo site and its post-event redevelopment into an innovation district. The article interprets these projects as two connected episodes within a long-term process of urban transformation and repositioning. Accordingly, their failure and success need to be measured against the backdrop of alternate periods of action and inaction. Spatial planning has determined the elements common to both projects, although apart from planning strategies for the metropolitan area. This contradiction did not prevent the development of potential; however, it has accentuated criticalities and uncertainties, which call for reflection in urban planning studies.
Critical Theory in Research
Authors: Tshabangu Icarbord , Ba' Stefano , Madondo Silas Memory
Published: October 2021

Based on critical theory, this chapter focuses on the first generation of Frankfurt School (mainly to authors such as T.W. Adorno, M. Horkheimer, and W. Benjamin). For discussing methodology in research, these authors are considered more representative than the younger generation (e.g., Habermas and Honneth) mainly because of the renewed interest in the direct critique of society and because of the failure of the younger generation to produce empirical research. The proponents of critical theory establish connections between theory and practice, in the sense that the social content of research must have human dignity at its centre. The difference between method-led and content-led research is discussed and considered central for this kind of approach to empirical research. Feminist research methodologies and critical race methodology are considered as closely associated with critical theory. These different approaches have developed autonomously from critical theory and are not directly related to it. However, feminist research methodologies and critical race methodology are expounded here because of their similarities to the critical theory of the Frankfurt School aimed at providing an emancipatory approach to empirical research.
Designing a PhD Proposal in Mixed Method Research
Authors: wa Mungai Ndungi
Published: October 2021

This chapter reviews the challenges and advantages of writing a mixed method research (MMR) proposal. The argument put forward is that a mixed method approach overcomes the shortcomings of the commonly used qualitative and quantitative methods. A brief definition of a research proposal is followed by a discussion on the different interpretations of a mixed method and what makes mixed methods ideal in the proposal example that follows. A mixed method can be either one that utilizes qualitative and quantitative methods to different degrees or it can be regarded as a distinct method by itself. A mixed method is suitable where both different types of data can be collected, when the data adds value to what would be achieved using one approach and where cost also justifies it. A hypothetical case example where an application is being made to conduct an evaluation of an anti-truancy program is presented.
Thinking Outside the Boxes
Authors: Etike Safak
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to conduct a critical discussion within a political economy framework on the use of mixed method, which is an increasing tendency in communication research, and its philosophical foundations in post-positivism. In the study, the mixed method called as “third methodological movement of the 21st century,” the limitations of the attempts to combine qualitative and quantitative methods in the positivist and postpositivist paradigm are revealed. The study discusses how the convergence of quantitative and qualitative methods in critical economy politics can be possible and what opportunities it offers in an effort to make a holistic explanation of social reality.
Research Design and Methodology
Authors: Brown Carlton
Published: October 2021

This chapter presents the research design methodology. It outlines the research process and the philosophical underpinning for this research. It has set out the research problem under investigation and mapped out the various steps that were undertaken. This research adopted a mixed research method approach as the most appropriate and a survey was the most effective instrument in addressing this enquiry of SPP. The philosophical position adopted within this study was one of the pragmatists, which has the capacity to hold different world views and not be constrained by one specific philosophical position. Pragmatists are not committed to one system of philosophy and reality, and researchers are free to choose the methods, techniques, and processes that have the best fit to meet the needs of the research.
Setting Up and Running a Q-Methodology Study in an Online Survey Research Suite
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: October 2021

The q-method, as a graphic (visual) elicitation, has existed since the mid-1930s. Setting up a q-method, with q-sort capabilities, in an online survey platform, extends the reach of this method, even as data has to be processed in a quantitative data analytics suite. This chapter describes the setting up of a visual q-sort and the related debriefing on the Qualtrics Research Suite. The available data may be extracted and analyzed in a basic statistical analysis tool for factors and preference clusters.
A Model for the Development of Anti-Racist Culturally Humble Educational Practitioners
Authors: Keiffer-Lewis Veronica
Published: October 2021

Although diversity training has become an institutional norm for businesses, schools, and organizations, the full extent of its impact remains unclear. This chapter reports on research aimed as more fully understanding the transformational journeys of diversity practitioners and discovering how they deepen their sense of cultural humility. Following a review of the evolution of diversity training, the chapter presents a theoretical framework featuring five interrelated transformational processes: dialogue, inquiry, self-reflection, conflict transformation, and identity negotiation. The chapter concludes with a discussion about how these processes can be applied to enhance the development of cultural humility and consequently better achieve the desired outcomes of diversity training. It argues for a multi-year model for the training of diversity practitioners and others committed to personal development and social change as well as a lifelong approach that supports the process of moving more deeply into a culturally humble way of being.
The Negative Impact of Racial Microaggressions on College Students of Color
Authors: Powell Angela M.
Published: October 2021

The goal of this chapter is to describe the adverse impact of racial microaggressions on college students, particularly as it pertains to their decreased self-esteem and academic achievement. It will also provide insight on specific forms of microaggressions and how they may be perceived by various targeted groups. Although this chapter focuses on the impact of microaggressions on college students of color, the adverse effects on college students with disabilities, LGBTQ students, and students with physical and mental disabilities are to be noted as equally detrimental. Finally, this chapter will include implications to deconstruct racial microaggressions and provide insight on how educators and administrators may disarm racial microaggressions in the classroom and on college campuses in general.
Milk-Run Collection Monitoring System Using the Internet of Things Based on Swarm Intelligence
Authors: Karouani Yassine , Elgarej Mouhcine
Published: October 2021

In our country Morocco, several dairy factories are placed in rural regions with a bad road network, which means that milk collection has a significant impact on profit, affecting milk transport costs. Actually, the milk run logistics process has been transformed from a traditional farm to the new cheese factory, so it’s needed efficient methods and models to improve the process of production and collection of milk from those units. For that, we will apply new technologies such as the internet of things (IoT) and big data to collect and analyze this information to optimize the milk delivery process. The main goal of this work is to design a new smart decision method using the internet of things and big data to optimize the milk run logistics, reduce the cost of transportation and improve collection density. This method will be based on the swarm artificial intelligence concept to find and calculate the shortest path between units to optimize the collection of milk.
Mitigating Cognitive Biases in Developing AI-Assisted Recruitment Systems
Authors: Soleimani Melika , Intezari Ali , Pauleen David J.
Published: October 2021

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in business processes, including the Human Resource (HR) recruitment process. While AI can expedite the recruitment process, evidence from the industry, however, shows that AI-recruitment systems (AIRS) may fail to achieve unbiased decisions about applicants. There are risks of encoding biases in the datasets and algorithms of AI which lead AIRS to replicate and amplify human biases. To develop less biased AIRS, collaboration between HR managers and AI developers for training algorithms and exploring algorithmic biases is vital. Using an exploratory research design, 35 HR managers and AI developers globally were interviewed to understand the role of knowledge sharing during their collaboration in mitigating biases in AIRS. The findings show that knowledge sharing can help to mitigate biases in AIRS by informing data labeling, understanding job functions, and improving the machine learning model. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are suggested.
Impact of Knowledge-Based HRM Practices on Organizational Performance
Authors: Gupta Kanishka
Published: October 2021

This paper examines the components of Intellectual Capital (IC) as mediating variables between knowledge-based Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and organizational performance. Therefore, integrating research channels in the field of human resource and organization performance. Factor analysis and path analysis have been performed to test the research model and finally parallel mediation effects of the mediators have been examined. Outcomes of the study showed that HRM practices lead to the creation of Intellectual Capital, and the relationship between HRM and performance is positively mediated by components of IC in context of Indian service sector. Additionally, in comparison, amongst the mediators, organizational capital is found to be the most contributing component followed by human and relational capital. The findings of this research will assist the HR managers and organizations in the composition and positioning of HRM practices and IC.
The development of coping strategies for young people to construct their identity in times of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cohen-Scali Valérie , Erby Whitney
Published: October 2021

Background: The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a major impact on young people across the world. Many students struggle to complete their studies amidst the pressure of the pandemic and have many difficulties constructing their identity and career which is crucial at this period of life. An overview of the main effects of the pandemic on their identity and career development is presented.Objectives: The first objective is to highlight the challenges faced by youth regarding their identity and career development, particularly the challenges induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The next objective is to explore different strategies that may be implemented to ameliorate the effects of the career shock induced by the pandemic. Lastly, the goal is to propose career guidance and counselling interventions that professionals may utilise to help young adults to cope with the career-related consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: This article was informed by an overview of the current psychosocial literature. Relevant literature was reviewed and critically analysed. It was also informed by the review of an empirical experience with a group of students who kept diaries during pandemic confinement periods.Results: The analysis resulted in three sets of psychosocial strategies that youth can develop in order to face the difficulties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Each set of coping strategies is related to a specific career intervention that may be implemented by career guidance and counselling practitioners.Conclusion: To support the development of adaptive coping strategies for the youth, career and counselling professionals need to address the three main types of challenges that are described.
Presentation and outcomes of orbital cellulitis caused by Group F Streptococcus
Authors: Mehta Viraj J. , Brown Eric N. , Sobel Rachel K.
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:

To compare the presentation and outcomes of patients with orbital cellulitis requiring surgical intervention caused by the Group F Streptococcus (GFS) versus other bacteria. We hypothesize that patients with GFS infections have a more severe presentation and worse clinical outcomes compared to infections by other bacteria.

METHODS:

After Institutional Review Board approval at a large academic institutional center, 70 patients with culture-positive orbital cellulitis who required surgical intervention were identified. Clinical examinations before and after surgery as well as preoperative imaging with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed. The study measures were preoperative and postoperative vision, motility, involved sinus disease, complications, and total hospital length of stay. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. Characteristics of patients were compared using Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum.

RESULTS:

Nineteen patients (27%) had positive cultures for GFS and 51 patients (73%) had positive cultures for other bacterial species. There was no significant difference in visual acuity, motility, or inflammatory markers in patients with GFS compared to other patients. Patients with GFS were noted to have more sinus involvement on presentation compared to patients with other bacterial infections (P = 0.007).

CONCLUSION:

GFS associated orbital cellulitis is associated with significantly more sinus involvement, but has similar outcomes as orbital cellulitis from other bacterial species.
Multimodal ocular imaging in diagnosis and management of occupational ocular argyrosis
Authors: Agarwal Rinky , Mahajan Asmita , Kumar Vinod , Sharma Namrata
Published: October 2021

Occupational ocular argyrosis is a rare disorder associated with accumulation of silver in the eye due to its occupational exposure. A 39-year-old male patient, a silver utensils polisher for the past 30 years, presented with bilateral gradual diminution of vision (presently 20/200) for 2 years. His serum silver levels were raised and ocular examination revealed bilateral greenish brown corneal deposits and complicated cataract. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal microscopy suggested deposition of silver in various corneal layers. Multifocal electroretinogram showed a generalized decrease in sensitivity of P1 waves. Increased internal aberrations on aberrometric profile favoured phacoemulsification followed by intraocular lens implantation in both eyes. Postoperatively, the visual gain of 20/20 and normal fundus picture on indirect ophthalmoscopy, macular OCT, and fundus autofluorescence favored good prognosis in both eyes.
Iris thickness and volume be measured using iris base instead of scleral spur as reference in anterior optical coherence tomography scan
Authors: Mahale Alka , Khandekar Rajiv , Zia Yasir
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:

To compare the iris parameters (iris thickness [IT] and volume) measured at different locations on iris determined using iris base (IB) and scleral spur (SS) in healthy Saudi eyes and factors affecting the differences.

METHODS:

Healthy eyes of Saudi persons were evaluated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). The IT was measured using Image J software and OCT scans in the horizontal axis in light on and light off condition. First IB was used as reference, and then, SS was used as reference for these measurements.

RESULTS:

One hundred healthy eye's AS-OCT scan was studied. The IT at the temporal side of the horizontal axis at 750 µ away from IB with lights on was 0.526 ± 0.08 µ, whereas it was 0.52 ± 0.08 µ from SS. The difference was significantly more in IB than SS method (P = 0.005). This difference if IT in SS and IB method was not affected by gender (Mann–Whitney P = 0.3), type of refractive error (K W P = 0.7), and level of illumination (K W P = 0.7).

CONCLUSION:

IT and IV measured using IB provided reliable data but overestimates compared to SS method. In the absence of SS visibility, IB could be alternative to assess iris parameters.
In vitro comparison of the accuracy (precision and trueness) of eight dental scanners for dental bridge scanning
Authors: Vafaee Fariborz , Mohajeri Mahsa , Gholi Mezerji Naser Mohammad , Zadeh Marouf Ebrahim
Published: October 2021

Background:

Dental scanners play a critical role in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technology. This study aimed to compare the accuracy (precision and trueness) of eight dental scanners for dental bridge scanning.

Materials and Methods:

In this in-vitro experimental study, a typodont model with a missing maxillary right first molar was prepared for a 3-unit fixed partial denture. Each scanner (Sirona inEos inLab, Sirona X5, Dentium, Imes icore 350I I3D, Amann Girrbach map 100, 3Shape D100, 3Shape E3) performed seven scans of the typodont, and the data were analyzed using 3D-Tool software. The abutment length, abutment width, arch length, and interdental distance were measured. To assess the accuracy of each scanner, trueness was evaluated by superimposing the scanned data on true values obtained by the 3shape Triosscanner as the reference. Precision was evaluated by superimposing a pair of data sets obtained from the same scanner. Precision and trueness of the scanners were compared using the one-way ANOVA followed by the post-hoc Tukey's HSD test and one-sample t-test (P<0.05 was considerer significant).

Results:

The precision of scanners ranged from 14 μm (3Shape Trios) to 45 μm (Imes icore 350i), whereas the trueness ranged from 38 μm (3Shape d700) to 71 μm (Sirona X5).

Conclusion:

The reported trueness values for 3Shape Trios, Sirona inEos inLab, Sirona x5, Dentium, Imes icore350i, Amann Girrbach, 3Shape d700, and 3Shape e3 were 63, 45, 71, 67, 70, 53, 38, and 42 μm, respectively, whereas the precision values were 14, 29, 44, 34, 45, 44, 30 and 28 μm, respectively.
Evaluation of microleakage in Class II composite restorations
Authors: Feiz Atiyeh , Sajedi Marzieh , Jafari Niloufar , Swift Edward J.
Published: October 2021

Background:

This study compared microleakage of Class II cavities restored using bonded-base and bulk-fill techniques with different bases.

Materials and Methods:

In this in vitro study, in 60 extracted human molars, standardized (4 mm × 2 mm × 8 mm) Class II cavities were prepared, such that the gingival floor was located 1 mm below the CEJ. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups and filled with: (1) Fuji II LC + x-tra fil, (2) Ionoseal + x-tra fil, (3) x-tra base + x-tra fil, (4) Grandio Flow + x-tra fil, and (5) x-tra fil only [control group]; in open-sandwich technique, the base thickness was 1 mm. The bases were coated all gingival floor. Except for the first group, where dentin conditioner was used, the Clearfil SE bond was applied before application of the bases and restorative materials as a bonding agent. After 500 thermocycles between 5°C and 55°C, the specimens were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsine solution for 24 h. The restored teeth were sectioned, and the dye penetration in gingival floor was observed by a stereomicroscope at ×32. The data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests in SPSS software. The significance was determined at 0.05 confidence interval.

Results:

The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in microleakage among the study groups (P < 0.001). The Ionoseal group followed by the control group (x-tra fil composite) had the greatest microleakage. Except for the Ionoseal group, all other groups had significantly less microleakage than the control group.

Conclusion:

The use of bonded-base techniques could reduce microleakage, including those in bulk-fill composite restorations.
Controversies in ERCP
Authors: Dietrich Christoph F. , Bekkali Noor L. , Burmeister Sean , Dong Yi , Everett Simon M. , Hocke Michael , Ignee Andre , On Wei , Hebbar Srisha , Oppong Kofi , Sun Siyu , Jenssen Christian , Braden Barbara
Published: October 2021

The aim of the series of papers on controversies of biliopancreatic drainage procedures is to discuss the pros and cons of the varying clinical practices and techniques in ERCP and EUS for drainage of biliary and pancreatic ducts. The first part focuses on indications, clinical and imaging prerequisites before ERCP, sedation options, post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) prophylaxis, and other related technical topics. In the second part, specific procedural ERCP-techniques including precut techniques and its timing as well as management algorithms are discussed. In addition, controversies in EUS-guided bile duct and pancreatic drainage procedures are under preparation.
Clinical patterns of sexually transmitted diseases in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in a tertiary care center in South India
Authors: Kumar D Dinesh , Thyvalappil Anoop , Nayak Kashinath
Published: October 2021

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) synergize to aggravate the associated morbidity of each other in the human body.

Aims:

The aim was to study the pattern of presentations of STDs in patients with HIV.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted by selecting 100 consecutive cases of HIV infection with symptoms suggestive of co-existing STD attending the outpatient department in a tertiary care center in south India.

Results:

Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 26–30 years, with a slight male preponderance. Genital ulcer was the predominant presenting complaint (60%), followed by dysuria (32%) and genital growth (29%). Genital ulcer was the most common lesion (56%), followed by other genital lesions (37%) and extragenital lesions (18%). Among the investigations, Tzanck smear was most commonly seen positive (62.3% of 61 patients), followed by positive potassium hydroxide mount and Venereal Disease Research Laboratory. About 35.5% of the male patients and 60.53% of the female patients had multiple diagnoses. In males, herpes genitalis (29.76%) was the most common STD, followed by condyloma accuminata (23.08%). In females, candidal vulvovaginitis (28.12%) was the most common STD, followed by herpes genitalis (23.43%).

Conclusion:

Our study found genital ulcer as the most common symptom and sign of STD in HIV-infected patients. Herpes genitalis was the most common STD among males and candidal vulvovaginitis was the most common STD among females.
Number of Relationships Between Abnormal Values in Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Bayraktar Burak , Balıkoğlu Meriç , Bayraktar Miyase Gizem , Kanmaz Ahkam Göksel
Published: October 2021

Objective:

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of detecting one or more positive values in 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed between 24 and 28 gestational weeks on neonatal biometry (macrosomia, newborn weight, head circumference, and body length of newborn), obstetric results, and treatment requirement.

Materials and Methods:

Between January 2019 and December 2020 at the University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, pregnant women who underwent 75 g OGTT between 24 and 28 gestational weeks and had singleton pregnancy were included in the study. Multiple pregnancies, pregnancies with gestational age <37 and ≥42 weeks, pregestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation, those with chromosomal and/or congenital anomalies, those with thyroid disease, pregnant women whose information could not be reached, and/or whose information was deficient were excluded from the study. These pregnant women were classified into Group 1 with a positive single value, Group 2 with two positive values, and Group 3 with all positive values according to 75 g OGTT values.

Results:

Two hundred and eighty-three singleton-term and gestational diabetic pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. The age of pregnant women and their body mass index (pre-pregnancy and at during test) increased from Group 1 to Group 3, and the differences between all groups were significant (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The number of pregnant women treated with insulin increased significantly from group 1 to group 3 (P<0.001). Birth weight and body length of new-borns were significantly higher in Group 3 as compared to Group 1 and Group 2 (P = 0.033 and P = 0.017, respectively). Macrosomia prevalence was the highest in Group 3 with 21.7% (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The number of positive values detected between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation in 75 g OGTT was associated with the birth weight, body length, and macrosomia of the newborn and also could be used as an early biomarker to mother's insulin requirement.
A Survey of the Clinical Management of Pediatric Patients with Asymptomatic Central Venous Catheter-Associated Venous Thromboembolism in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Allahyani Bader , Ali Abdullah , Feder Joshua , Alshahrani Mohammad , Alsultan Abdulrahman , Alzahrani Azzah
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:

Central venous catheters (CVCs) are the main cause of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in critically ill children. The optimal first-line treatment for children with asymptomatic CVC-related VTE is unknown. Due to a paucity of clinical trials, clinical practice guidelines can offer only weak recommendations for the management of asymptomatic CVC-related VTE.

METHODS:

This case-based survey was designed to assess the current trends in local management strategies for pediatric patients with an asymptomatic CVC-related thrombosis. The survey focused on the use of the thrombophilia testing, management approach, duration of anticoagulation, and the use of secondary prophylaxis. We hypothesize that there will be significant variation in these four management areas, in the large part due to the aforementioned paucity of available data. REDCap® questions were sent to the members of the Saudi Arabian Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Society clinical forum/email database. We used a hypothetical case scenario to assess management strategies for asymptomatic CVC-related VTE and secondary prophylaxis.

RESULTS:

Seventy-one (30%) physicians responded to the survey. The majority of the respondents (83.3%) did not use thrombophilia testing. The far majority (95%) treated with anticoagulation. In contrast, the survey respondents varied widely in the duration of anticoagulation and the use of secondary prophylaxis.

CONCLUSIONS:

Asymptomatic CVC-related VTE is a common clinical entity with limited data guiding management. In Saudi Arabia, there remains considerable variability in the clinical management. These findings will help identify crucial knowledge gaps in the management of asymptomatic CVC-related VTE and facilitate clinical trials that will help establish evidence-based treatment guidelines.
A Case of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Unmutated Variable Region of the Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene with Markedly High Lactate Dehydrogenase Responding to Ibrutinib
Authors: Alzahrani Musa
Published: October 2021

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in adults. Several prognostic factors exist that help stratify patients into different risk categories. Unmutated status of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGHV) gene has been shown to be among the most important high-risk prognostic factors in CLL. Elevated serum level of lactate dehydrogenase has also been shown to be associated with worst outcomes. Recently, the management of CLL has progressed favorably and improved outcomes were seen with the use of the small-molecule Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib, when compared with traditional chemotherapy. Here, we present a CLL case with an unmutated IGHV gene status presenting with markedly elevated LDH and responding dramatically to ibrutinib.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression among Medical Students in Nigeria
Authors: Suraj Sani Salihu , Umar Bello Ibrahim , Gajida Auwal Umar , Umar Musa Usman
Published: October 2021

Background:

Depression among medical students has been partly attributed to the nature of medical education, and may lead to poor academic and professional adjustment. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of depression and its relationship to socio-demographic and clinical risk factors among medical students of Bayero University in Kano, Nigeria.

Methodology:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Two hundred and seventy-nine medical students were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The respondents were given a self-reporting questionnaire, which included sociodemographic details and 3-item Oslo Social Support Rating Scale. Depression was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (7.0).

Results:

The prevalence of depression among medical students was 15.1%. Depression was more in females, <22 years, those at the lower level of study, poor social support, family history of depression and history of depression. After logistic regression, only being female (P = 0.008) and history of depression (P = 0.007) differentiated medical students with depression from those with no depression with odds ratio (OR) of 2.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.31, 6.33]) and OR of 2.79 (95% CI = [1.33, 5.84]), respectively. There was no association between depression and poor financial state (P = 0.175), self-reported academic performance (P = 0.719) and use of psychoactive substances (P = 0.311).

Conclusion:

Depression is an important condition among medical students in Nigeria. There is a need to help students with mental health challenges by providing preventive measures, early identification and treatment mechanisms in medical schools in the country.
Low Plasma Vitamin D as a Predictor of Uterine Fibroids in a Nigerian Population
Authors: Tunau Karima Abubakar , Garba Jamila Abubakar , Panti Abubakar Abubakar , Shehu Constance Egondu , Adamu Aisha Nana , AbdulRahman Muhammad Bashir , Ahmad Mohammad Kaoje
Published: October 2021

Background:

Uterine fibroid is the most common benign tumour of the uterus and the exact cause is unknown. Vitamin D has been found to inhibit cell proliferation and enhance apoptosis in vitro.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to compare the plasma level of Vitamin D among women with uterine fibroids and those without uterine fibroids.

Materials and Methods:

This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among women with uterine fibroids and those without uterine fibroids. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information. Five millilitres of venous blood was obtained for plasma Vitamin D assay. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

There were 100 participants recruited for the study. The mean age of the participants with uterine fibroid was 35.06 ± 6.6 years and that of controls was 33.28 ± 7 years. The mean plasma level of Vitamin D for all the participants was 12.47 ± 7.53 ng/ml. The mean plasma level of Vitamin D in those with uterine fibroids was significantly lower than in those without uterine fibroid (10.16 ± 7.78 vs. 14.35 ± 6.8; t = 2.517, P = 0.014). It also shows that 1 unit increase in Vitamin D level will reduce the risk of developing uterine fibroids by 8% (odds ratio = 0.92, 95% confidence interval = 0.86–0.99).

Conclusion:

The predictors of uterine fibroids were fewer hours spent outdoors, middle social class and low Vitamin D levels.
Quality of Life Impairment amongst Persons Living with Vitiligo using Disease Specific Vitiligo Quality of Life Index
Authors: Abdullahi Umar , Mohammed Tahir Turaki , Musa Bolanle O. P.
Published: October 2021

Background:

Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin and mucous membranes which manifests as white macules and patches due to selective loss of melanocytes. This condition can affect the patients' psychology, leading to an impairment of quality of life (QOL). Recently, much attention is been given to the emotional and psychological issues in the affected subjects.

Aim of the Study:

This was to assess the QOL impairment among Nigerian patients with vitiligo using a disease-specific quality of life index questionnaire (VitiQoL).

Materials and Methods:

Seventy seven adults aged 18 years and above with vitiligo attending the Dermatology Clinic of a tertiary health center were included in this cross-sectional study. The QOL was assessed using the vitiligo quality of life questionnaire (VitiQoL). Disease severity was assessed using Vitiligo Area Severity Index (VASI).

Results:

The mean age of the study participants was 38.97 ± 13.2 years, comprising of 32 (41.6%) and 45 (58.4%) females. Almost half of the vitiligo patients belong to the lower socioeconomic class, 37 (48.1%). The mean age of first onset of vitiligo was 33.5 ± 14.84 years, with 32 (41.6%) of the participants having age of first onset between 24 and 42 years. The mean VitiQoL score was 30.51 ± 15.74 (range 3–64). There was a significant relationship between VASI score and VitiQoL (P = 0.036, r = 0.517). Other factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, disease activity, family history of vitiligo, duration of the disease and educational attainment were significantly associated with VitiQoL score (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

QOL is impaired significantly in Nigerian patients with vitiligo. Focusing on patient's QOL is an essential aspect in the management of patients with vitiligo.