bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of FGF10 in pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: February 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined public and published microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with pancreatic cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor 10, FGF10, when comparing pancreatic tumors to the tissue of origin, the pancreas. FGF10 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the pancreas as compared to normal pancreatic tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of FGF10 in pancreatic tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. FGF10 expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human PDAC.
Brain drain – A smartphone side-effect
Authors: Nguyen Loan
Published: February 2023

Researchers discovered that the presence of smartphones adversely affects the human brain’s cognitive capacity in two experiments on undergraduates.
MELIHAT FILSAFAT HUKUM DARI SUDUT PANDANG ILMU HUKUM
Authors: Hondo Siska
Published: February 2023

Filsafat lahir di yunani pada abad ke-enam (SM). Dalam bahasa yunani filsafat di sebut philosophia yang berasal dari dua akar kata yakni "philos" dan "shopos". "philos" mempunyai arti cinta, persahabatan, sedangkan "shopos" berarti hikmah, kebijaksanaan, pengetahuan dan intelegensia. Dengan demikian maka philosophia ini dapat di artikan sebagai cinta dan kebijaksanaan. Pengertian filsafat secara umum hampir sama tetapi yang membedakan hanyalah dari para filsafat yang memaparakan teori filsafat tersebut. Kemudian muculnya zaman filsafat modern dengan perkembangan yang semakin berubah pula seiring perkembangan zaman. Sehingga dari awal munculnya filsafat yand dapat masuk kedalam setiap ilmu pengetahuan maka tidak menutup pula filsafat masuk kedalam bidang ilmu hukum sehingga dalam perkembangannya ilmu filsafat menjadi di terapkan kedalam ilmu filsafat hukum.
Avanço recente no aprendizado semi-supervisionado para reconhecimento de entidades nomeadas e aplicações clínicas potenciais
Authors: Lee Heungmin
Published: February 2023

O reconhecimento de entidade nomeada (named entity recognition, NER) é uma tarefa importante para a descoberta de conhecimento clínico a partir de registros eletrônicos de saúde (electronic health records, EHRs). No entanto, para proteger a privacidade do paciente, queremos minimizar as necessidades de anotação para o desenvolvimento do sistema NER. Portanto, algoritmos avançados de aprendizado semi-supervisionado são necessários. Neste artigo, revisamos o recente avanço no aprendizado semi-supervisionado para reconhecimento de entidades nomeadas e discutimos a possibilidade de aplicação no sistema NER clínico. Esperamos que nossas discussões ajudem no desenvolvimento ou melhoria das aplicações clínicas do NER para outros pesquisadores.
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: February 2023

The Benefits of Zoos to Society and Animals
New Venture Creation bagi Mahasiswa Bisnis
Authors: Calvin Aquino Calvin Teno Cahyono
Published: February 2023

Langkah pertama dari tahapan analisis kelayakan yaitu melakukan analisis pendahuluan. Tujuan dari kegiatan pertama ini untuk menyaring ide dan projek sebelum waktu, usaha dan uang diinvestasikan. Ada 2 kegiatan yang terlibat di langkah pertama ini. Pertama, menggambar atau uraikan dengan spesifik mungkin layanan yang direncanakan, target pasar,dan karakteristik unik dari layanan tersebut. Kedua, menentukan apakah ada hambatan yang tidak dapat diatasi.
Rangkuman Materi New Venture Creation
Authors: winarendra franceline princesa
Published: February 2023

Rangkuman dari semua materi yang diajarkan di mata kulian New Venture Creation
Slower than the eye can see: Environmental change in North Australia's cattlelands
Authors: Lewis Darrell
Published: February 2023

Slower than the Eye Can See deals with the environmental history of the Victoria River District, located in the far northwest of the NorthernTerritory.The region is vast, roughly 50,000 square miles in the old measure (130,000 square kilometres): a mosaic of flat-topped sandstone and limestone ranges, rounded basalt hills, and red and black soil plains. It extends from the high rainfall coastal fringe to the arid inland sand plains and consequently has a wide variety of floristic communities: savannas, Mitchell grass plains, rainforest patches, spinifex-covered hills and scrublands.The region was one of the last areas of Australia to be occupied by Europeans, the first settlers arriving in 1883. It was a cattleman’s paradise of wide Mitchell grass plains, abundantly watered with large waterholes in the major rivers and creeks, numerous springs and generally reliable monsoon rains. It began as cattle country, the home of huge and legendary stations—Wave Hill, Victoria River Downs, Ord River—and although there have been some significant changes in land tenure over the past twenty years, it remains predominantly cattle country today.
Potensi Resesi 2023
Authors: Pradana Adian Arya
Published: February 2023

Resesi dalam perspektif makro ekonomi merupakan kondisi penurunan PDB bernilai negatif suatu negara selama dua kuartal berturut-turut. Sedangkan PDB adalah nilai barang & jasa yang diproduksi suatu negara yang dirumuskan dalam PDB = Konsumsi + Investasi + Pengeluaran Pemerintah + (Ekspor – Impor). Maka, faktor-faktor yang membuat suatu negara resesi adalah penurunan variabel dalam rumus PDB yang signifikan, misalkan penurunan drastis konsumsi masyarakat akibat force majeure.
Mengulas Bisnis Waralaba
Authors: Pradana Adian Arya
Published: February 2023

Bedasarkan definisinya, waralaba atau franchise is a form of business organization in which a firm that already has a successful product or service (franchisor) licenses its trademark and method of doing business to other businesses (franchisees) in exchange for an initial franchise fee and an ongoing royalty (Barringer., 2020). Lalu, berdasarkan Permendag No. 71 Tahun 2019, bisnis waralaba adalah hak khusus yang dimiliki oleh orang perseorangan atau badan usaha terhadap sistem bisnis dengan ciri khas usaha dalam rangka memasarkan barang dan/atau jasa yang telah terbukti berhasil dan dapat dimanfaatkan dan/atau digunakan oleh pihak lain berdasarkan Perjanjian Waralaba.
The Benefits of Zoos: Protecting Animals and Enhancing Society
Authors: Han YouAI
Published: February 2023

The Benefits of Zoos: Protecting Animals and Enhancing Society
Under-ice and open-water ecosystem metabolism in temperate water bodies
Authors: North Rebecca , Venkiteswaran Jason , Silsbe Greg , Harrison Joel , Hudson Jeff , Smith Ralph , Dillon Peter , Pernica Patricia , Guildford Stephanie , Kehoe Michael , Baulch Helen
Published: February 2023

Winter, historically a largely un-monitored season, is influential and changing. There is evidence of the importance of under-ice phytoplankton in temperate lakes, but it is currently unknown if high winter phytoplankton biomass translates to high productivity and what influence it has on year-round lake metabolism. Winters are getting shorter, but our ability to forecast change is hindered by our limited understanding of under-ice processes. Here, we compare under-ice and open-water rates of areal gross production (AGP) and areal respiration (AR) from 3 Canadian reservoirs and one large lake using oxygen (O2) δ18O-O2 models and fluorometry. During the open-water season, AGP was 5× greater than under-ice rates, with AR rates 8× higher than measured during winter. Open-water samples indicated autotrophy (P:R= 1.10) with heterotrophy dominant under ice (P:R= 0.67). Consistent with current assumptions, the cold under-ice environment is associated with low primary productivity. Our results challenge the assumption that mean water column irradiance is lowest during the winter in dimictic water bodies; we find similar light conditions during the open-water season. Winter mean light is regulated by snow thickness; upon manual snow removal, we observe a 67 % increase in under-ice mean water column irradiance. The first-ever under-ice application of the δ18O2-method indicated that AGP responded to improvements in light. This study reveals further insights into the importance of under-ice metabolism on year-round processes in a changing climate. 
The effectiveness of implementing statcheck in the peer review process to avoid statistical reporting errors
Authors: Nuijten Michele B. , Wicherts Jelte M.
Published: February 2023

We investigated whether statistical reporting inconsistencies could be avoided if journals implement the tool statcheck in the peer review process. In a preregistered study covering over 7000 articles, we compared the inconsistency rates between two journals that implemented statcheck in their peer review process (Psychological Science and Journal of Experimental and Social Psychology) with two matched control journals (Journal of Experimental Psychology: General and Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, respectively), before and after statcheck was implemented. Preregistered multilevel logistic regression analyses showed that the decrease in both inconsistencies and decision inconsistencies around p = .05 is considerably steeper in statcheck journals than in control journals, offering support for the notion that statcheck can be a useful tool for journals to avoid statistical reporting inconsistencies in published articles. We discuss limitations and implications of these findings.
The format of the cognitive map depends on the structure of the environment
Authors: Peer Michael , Nadar Catherine , Epstein Russell
Published: February 2023

Humans and animals form cognitive maps that allow them to navigate through large-scale environments. Despite decades of research on these maps, a central question remains unclear: are these maps similar in nature across all environments, or are different kinds of maps formed in different kinds of environments? To investigate this, we examined spatial learning within three virtual environments: an open courtyard with patios connected by paths (open maze), a set of rooms connected by corridors (closed maze), and a set of isolated rooms connected only by teleporters (teleport maze). Importantly, all three environments shared the same topological graph structure. Post-learning tests showed that the environmental structure affected the accuracy, format, and variability of participants’ spatial representations. The open maze was the most accurately remembered, followed by the closed maze, and then the teleport maze. Both Euclidean and graph-like spatial codes were formed in the open and closed mazes, but participants’ navigational trajectories were more biased by graph knowledge (connectivity between rooms) in the closed maze compared to the open maze. Finally, performance in the open maze and teleport maze were relatively homogenous across participants, whereas performance in the closed maze exhibited greater individual variability. These results indicate that the structure of the environment strongly shapes the nature of the spatial representations that are formed within that environment, and that experimental findings obtained in any single environment may not generalize to others with different structure.
Large Language Models Show Human Behavior
Authors: Huijzer Rik , Hill Yannick
Published: February 2023

Neural networks can approximate any function given sufficiently many hidden units, which implies that they, in theory, can approximate human behavior. Recently, natural language processing has advanced rapidly due to increases in the amount of hidden units and in the size of the datasets. With these advances in natural language capabilities, we wondered whether state-of-the-art Large Language Models show human behavior. In this article, we demonstrate that these models show language comprehension and communication skills to solve problems, which are considered to be key features of human behavior. Moreover, the process by which such AI-based models encode information leads to errors which are also common in humans, such as being vulnerable to misleading questions, source amnesia, and being sensitive to small changes in wording. Given the similarities with human behavior, we discuss the potential applications of LLMs in social science research.We conclude that LLMs and their close alignment with human behavior may provide a valuable source of information that can be studied to gain a better understanding of human behavior.
On the Importance of Microsociology for the Study of Workplace Violence
Authors: Friis Camilla Bank , Liebst Lasse Suonperä
Published: February 2023

Research on workplace violence has examined a range of individual, situational, and organizational risk factors associated with employee victimization. Less research has examined the interactional processes that shape the event of workplace violence—despite recent microsociological theory and evidence highlighting that an adequate understanding of violence needs to consider such interpersonal dynamics. A key insight is that violence is often triggered by face-to-face interactional dynamics between employees and perpetrators. In the current paper, we bring such microsociological contributions into the study of workplace violence. Drawing on novel video-based studies, we show how a sequential and explanatory analysis of micro-interaction in risky work situations offers new insights about how and why violence happens and may be targeted with situational prevention measures. We provide methodological and theoretical recommendations for how workplace violence scholars may implement a microsociological perspective in their research.
Using Financial Incentives to Increase Safe Storage of Firearms and Medications among Veterans at Risk for Suicide
Authors: Khazanov Gabriela , Simonetti Joseph , Gordon Michelle
Published: February 2023

Firearms and overdoses account for most suicides among the general population and US veterans. Lethal means counseling is an evidence-based intervention in which clinicians encourage patients to limit their access to lethal means of suicide (e.g., firearms, medications), but many individuals do not go on to change their firearm or medication storage practices following counseling. We surveyed 85 veterans at risk for suicide and 60 clinicians, and found that they considered it acceptable and feasible to use financial incentives to increase safe storage of firearms and medications. Veterans were willing to confirm changes to their firearm or medication storage by providing a picture or receipt from a storage facility or locking device. Findings support testing whether financial incentives can increase lethal means safety behavior among individuals at risk for suicide.
Narratives on the frontline: A qualitative investigation of the lived experiences of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa
Authors: Kazadi1 Angela Denyimi Nyembue , Watermeyer Jennifer , Besharati Sahba
Published: February 2023

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a mental health pandemic emerged. Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) are arguably most affected, particularly in low-to-middle-income countries like South Africa. Understanding their experiences is needed to inform interventions for social and psychological support both now and for future pandemics. Aim: This study explored the lived experiences of frontline HCWs in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic using a lifeworld phenomenological framework.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using principles of reflexive thematic analysis.Setting: Our sample included 11 frontline HCWs from various professions and health sectors who worked with COVID-19 patients in South Africa. Results: HCWs’ lived experiences during the epidemic in South Africa were diverse and marked by contradictions. Work during COVID-19 was an emotional rollercoaster that was both mentally and emotionally exhausting, and the epidemic substantially impacted daily life. Limited psychological support and resources aggravated experiences. However, a positive narrative of hope and gratitude also resonated with participants.Conclusion: This study provides significant insights into the lived experiences of a diverse group of frontline South African HCWs during COVID-19. Qualitative methodologies provided depth and unique insights into the diverse realities of frontline HCWs.Contribution: This is one of the few studies in low-to-middle-income countries and the first in South Africa to use in-depth qualitative interviews to understand the lived experience of frontline HCWs. It demonstrates a shift in the definition of a ‘frontline’ HCW and highlights the need for greater psychological support and individualised public health interventions.
A shared structure for emotion experiences from narratives, videos and everyday life
Authors: Han Yanting , Adolphs Ralph
Published: February 2023

Our knowledge of the diversity and psychological organization of emotions is based primarily on studies that used a single type of stimulus (e.g., videos) with an often limited set of rating scales and participants. To provide a more comprehensive analysis, we surveyed 1000+ participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. We collected ratings of emotion experiences to a validated set of text narratives, a validated set of videos, and personal experiences sampled longitudinally in everyday life, permitting a unique comparison. All three types of emotion experiences were characterized by low dimensional spaces that included valence and arousal, consistent with prior work, as well as novel dimensions related to generalizability. Emotion experiences were distributed along continuous gradients, with no clear clusters even for the so-called basic emotions. Individual differences in personality traits were associated with differences in everyday emotion experiences, but not with emotions evoked by narratives or videos.
Toxicity of CaO Nanoparticles effect on Haematology and Histopathology of male Rabbits
Authors: Ismaeel Khaleel Rana , Hadi Mohammed Asmaa
Published: February 2023

Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticle (NP) was synthesized by a simple chemical method. The CaONPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, and UV-absorption spectral studies. The average crystallite size was found to be ≈36nm and the band gap energy of the CaO nanoparticle was 1.9 eV. Toxicity tests were performed on adult rabbits dosed with compound CaONPs for a period of (3 weeks). Areas of necrosis, hemorrhages, and degenerations were seen histopathologically in the kidney, and liver after 3 weeks of administration of CaONPs, the data of hematology obtained was statistically evaluated using Finney’s Probit Analysis and the Toxicity test performed revealed that the Ld50 value was 0.5ml/kg. This study found that an increase in the proportion of calcium oxide in the blood leads to damage to the organs, like the liver and kidneys that are responsible for filtering the blood.
The role of functional magnetic resonance imaging in clinically diagnosed cases of migraine
Authors: Tushar Kalekar  , Khushboo Agrawal  , Arunima Gupta  , Vijetha Chanabasanavar
Published: February 2023

Background: Migraine manifests as recurrent headaches associated with nausea, vomiting, and sensory hypersensitivity. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images activation in different parts of brain either on stimulation or at rest.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the fMRI changes in brain in response to visual stimulation in migraine patients with and without aura compared with healthy volunteers.
Materials and Methods: A prospective fMRI study was performed in 50 clinically diagnosed cases of migraine and 50 healthy volunteers above 18 years of age on a 3-Tesla MRI scanner. For fMRI, the visual stimulus was presented as a moving black and white checker board pattern.
Results: All subjects demonstrated activation in bilateral occipital cortex (predominantly in V1 followed by V2 area). Group analysis of the occipital activation pattern in migraine patients versus control revealed that 56% (28/50) showed significantly increased activation in occipital cortex, 20% (10/50) revealed no significant difference in activation patterns, and 24% of total migraine patients (12/50) had equivocal results. Out of the 28 patients with increased activation in occipital cortex, 14 (50%) revealed increased activation in the left V5 cortex, 8 (28.5%) increased activation in the left V3 cortex, 4 (14.2%) increased activation in both left V3 and V5 cortex, and 2 (7.1%) had increased activation in both right V3 and right V5 areas.
Conclusion: The current study revealed increased occipital stimulation mainly in the left V3 and V5 areas in clinically diagnosed cases of migraine in comparison to normal healthy subjects. The study also revealed clinically significant association between increased occipital stimulation and duration of migraine and absence of pharmacological aid.
C-reactive protein and modified computed tomography severity index in assessing severity of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Lahan Kashyapi , Sonowal Naruttam , Anju Barhoi Teli  , Bhuyan Rupak , Himavathy K Gara  , Vanamali Dharma Rao
Published: February 2023

Background: The mortality and morbidity associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) demands timely management and prediction of disease progression and clinical outcome. Multifactorial scoring systems shall facilitate risk stratification and prognostic assessment in AP.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was (i) to assess C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and modified computed tomography severity index (mCTSI) in AP patients and their association with the clinical outcome and (ii) to determine the correlation between CRP levels and mCTSI scores in AP.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, hospital-based study comprised 90 patients diagnosed with AP. Data collection included sociodemographic information, clinical presentation, and CRP estimation. The mCTSI score was estimated by axial slices contrast-enhanced computed tomography of abdomen and was used to assess the severity of AP. Categorical data were analyzed by Chi-square test and Pearson’s coefficient was estimated to determine the correlation between CRP levels and mCTSI score. P<0.05 was adopted as level of significance.
Results: The study comprised 81 males (90%) and 9 females (10%). The mean age of the patients was 36.94±9.19 years, with majority in age group of 31–40 years (40%). Alcohol consumption (>50 g/day) was the commonest risk factor in 82.22% (n=74) patients, followed by hypertriglyceridemia in 13.33% (n=12) patients. Pain in abdomen was the most common presentation in 96.67% (n=87) patients, followed by vomiting 57.78% (n=52) patients. Majority of patients [82.22% (n=74)] had CRP levels of 10–21 mg/dL. Mild, moderate, and severe mCTSI scores were obtained in 17.78%, 66.67%, and 15.55% patients, respectively. There is a significant positive correlation between CRP values and mCTSI scores with r=0.3008 (P=0.003).
Conclusion: CRP level had significant positive correlation with mCTSI scores in AP. Higher values of CRP and severe mCTSI scores had worse clinical outcome in AP.
Correlation of automated cell counter RBC histograms and peripheral smear in anemia typing
Authors: Meena Hariom , Pruthviraj CS  , Gupta Rakesh , Guru Aayushi , Suresh Kumar Sutrakar
Published: February 2023

Background: Red blood cell (RBC) indices and histogram obtained from automated hematology gives an idea about the morphological changes in anemia and therefore forms the fundamental process for diagnosis of anemia. Along with the peripheral smear, they can be used for anemia typing and to interpret the cause of anemia.
Aims and Objectives: (1) Interpretation of histograms in normal persons and patients with different types of anemia. (2) Anemia typing based on RBC histograms complemented with Peripheral smear examination.
Materials and Methods: The present prospective study is conducted in Haematology section of Department of Pathology, Shyam Shah Medical College and Sanjay Gandhi Medical Hospital Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. A total of 1000 patients blood sample is collected for complete blood count and anemia typing irrespective of age and gender and examined over a period of 1 year from August 2021 to July 2022. The patient’s blood sample is collected in EDTA vacutainer and analyzed on the basis of histogram obtained and peripheral smear slide prepared.
Results: In the present study, we noted that the predominant age group affected was 20–30 years. Peripheral smear finding shows normocytic normochromic anemia was seen in 6% cases (60/1000), microcytic hypochromic anemia seen in 24.2% cases (242/1000), macrocytic anemia seen in 14% cases (140/1000), dimorphic anemia seen in 50.2% cases (502/1000), and hemolytic anemia seen in 5.6% cases (56/1000). This peripheral smear finding shows well correlation with findings of histogram pattern and RBC indices, where normocytic normochromic seen in 6.4% of cases (64/1000), microcytic hypochromic anemia seen in 24.4% of cases (244/1000), macrocytic anemia seen in 13.8% of cases (138/1000), dimorphic anemia seen in 49.5% of cases (495/1000), and hemolytic anemia seen in 5.9% of cases (59/1000). The most common anemia is dimorphic anemia (combined nutritional deficiency) in 49.5% cases followed by microcytic hypochromic anemia in 24.4% of cases based on histogram findings along with RBC indices.
Conclusion: Histogram guides a technologist about the cases that need actual detailed peripheral smear examination by experts. Our study shows a well correlation in findings of automated hematology analyzer with the microscopic examination. Histogram alone could be used as screening method and when combined with peripheral blood smear findings, they act as useful supplement and by correlating findings of both methods, we could diagnose majority of anemia.
Efficacy of landmark based blind transverse abdominis plane block for post-operative pain relief in inguinal hernia
Authors: Purohit Swetha , Kavi Chandrashekarappa , Halli Sudharani
Published: February 2023

Background: Pain after open hernia surgery can be moderate-to-severe and is known to be associated with prolonged hospital stay and delayed return to normal daily activities.
Aims and Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of a blind landmark-based approach of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block on patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair surgery under spinal anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, and clinical trial consisting of 60 patients scheduled for inguinal hernia repair under spinal anesthesia. Patients in Group-1 received TAP block by landmark based blind technique, whereas those in Group-2 did not receive TAP block. Pain assessments were scored for all patients at rest and movement at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after surgery using visual analog scale.
Results: The pain scores in the post-operative period, during rest and movement, were significantly lower in patients that received TAP block. Significant number of cases reported nausea and vomiting or headache in Group-2 due to increase requirement of analgesics for pain relief during first the 24 h of post-operative period.
Conclusion: Landmark-based blind TAP block may be an effective way of providing analgesia in patients undergoing elective open inguinal hernia repair under spinal anesthesia.
Primary extranodal lymphoma: unusual sites
Authors: Sujata Singh  , Leena K  , Soumya Surath Panda  , Sandip Kumar Mohanty
Published: February 2023

Background: Lymphoma arises in lymph nodes. Infiltration of malignant lymphomatous cells in the organs other than lymph node is termed as extranodal lymphoma (ENL). Almost any organ in the body can get affected. The most frequently involved system is gastrointestinal tract, followed by lung, liver, spleen, bone, and skin. Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is also well documented. Origin of tumor from non-lymph-nodal tissue is termed as primary ENL, whereas hematogenous spread of disease from lymph nodes to extranodal tissue is secondary ENL. Extranodal involvement is more common in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) than Hodgkin’s disease.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of primary ENLs at unusual sites.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted for a period of 3 years to study the prevalence of primary ENLs at rare sites.
Results: In our study, the participants were having a mean age of 50 years and showed a bimodal distribution. A total 16 cases were male (59%) and rest were female (11 cases, 41%). We found that B-symptoms were present in 19 cases (70%) and absent in the remaining. Most of the cases were of B- cell type (20 cases, 74%) and rest were T-cell type (seven cases, 26%). The most common extranodal site being gastrointestinal tract (10 cases, 37%) followed by CNS (four cases, 15%), spleen (two cases, 7%), tonsil (two cases, 7%), and cutaneous site (two cases, 7%). Other less common sites included breast, paranasal sinuses, mediastinum, floor of mouth, nasopharynx, testis, and thyroid. NHL was the only variant present in all the cases. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the most common variant present in 11 cases (37%). The DLBCL was found to be aggressive in most of the cases with most of them being activated B-cell type, ABC (70%) and rest being Germinal center B-cell type, GCB (30%).
Conclusion: A broad spectrum of extranodal organs is involved in various subtype of lymphoma. This study concluded that ENLs can occur at any location. The fact that a lymphoma is a primary ENL may be a factor in the treatment plan and prognosis. The lymphoma subtype B cell or T cell type, and the primary organ or tissue of origin can all be important prognostic factors.
Histomorphological analysis of phyllodes tumors at a tertiary care center
Authors: Swathi Samalla  , Motrapu Lavanya  , Mohd Imran Ali  , Smitha Vadana SP
Published: February 2023

Background: Phyllodes tumors (PT) are rare biphasic neoplastic breast lesions. They account for 0.3–0.5% of female breast tumours1 and have an incidence of about 2.1 per million, the peak of which occurs in women aged 45–49 years. There is sometimes difficulty in dividing tumors into the three recognized grades based on histomorphological features. It is because of the subjective variation and absence of a definitive grading system. More importantly, they do not always correlate with clinical outcome in terms of predicting recurrence, malignant transformation, metastasis, and overall survival.
Aims and Objectives: (1) The aim of the study was to study the clinicopathological and histomorphological features of the PT and classify the tumors based on 2019 WHO classification.
Materials and Methods: This study was done in the Department of Pathology at Government General Hospital Nizamabad. Total 68 cases are included in this study over a period of 5 years (3 1⁄2 years retrospective and 11/2 year prospective) from 2017 March to 2022 March. PT cases were analyzed based on 2019 WHO classification criteria. The age of the patients, tumor locations, and the relevant details were obtained from the pathology records.
Results: Of the 68 PT cases, 53 (78%) were classified as benign, 8 (12%) borderline and 7 (10%) malignant PT based on histomorphological features based on 2019 WHO classification.
Conclusion: Our study showed that tumors occurring in older age group with a large tumor size and the presence of malignant heterologous elements, infiltrating borders, and surgical margins <1 cm were usually malignant phyllodes.
Going beyond the Material-Welling: A Buddhist Perspective of Development
Authors: Sapkota Mahendra
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to synthesize development issues from a Buddhist perspective by taking an analytical universe of ‘well-being’. Methodologically, the paper is a review-based article that follows a systematic review process following different themes of Buddhism, development, and well-being. The major findings of the study include that the development has been contested with the rise of various issues, and its materialistic interpretation has been in crisis both theoretically as well empirically. At this outset, the Buddhist perspective seems to be a more humanistic approach to development which treats underdevelopment as the cause of development. This is the principle of dependent origination, whereby the byproducts of underdevelopment can be analyzed. The Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Paths are also replicative in the development studies for the socio-economic transformation of society. The material outlet of development doesn’t contribute to the eradication of suffering and miseries from their roots, both in mental and social structure. The paper, therefore, argues that the mainstream approach of development could not sustain development because of the ill-treatment of dukkha and the non-recognition of the sukha. Happiness, pleasure, and non-self are the contributory elements that have been proposed by Buddha’s teachings of Dhamma.
Appraising Goat Support for Educational Continuation Project of Kallery Secondary School, Dhading: Rural/Development Perspective
Authors: Pasa Rajan Binayak , Bishwokarma Lila Bahadur
Published: February 2023

This paper has attempted to explore how a small support can make a big difference to cope-with poverty challenges in rural life. It is about an innovative way of support entitled ‘goat support for educational continuation’ for few children of poor families of Galchhi rural municipality, Dhading, provided before a decade (in 2012 and 2013). It applied narrative inquiry research strategy and used a blended mode of data collecting techniques (observation, KII and case study) for appraising lost and benefits of the p[roject. It has exemplified that if we use resources properly and innovatively and act cooperatively, we can make difference. It has exemplified that school and community people can solve some of educational problems while they act cooperatively. It was really a cooperative work and initiatives among school family, parents and helping hands to address problems of poor families. It is because the notion of development has rapidly been changing so that our worldviews and acts on rural/development must be changed according. A simple but become a model approach of sustainable rural development practice.
Students’ Motivation of, and Engagement in Reading with Stories
Authors: Poudel Guru Prasad
Published: February 2023

A number of factors may affect the practice of teaching and learning English language. Amid them, the motivation of, and engagement in learning can have significant impact on learning achievement in English, however, a qualitative study is required to examine the role of motivation and engagement in reading particular content. In this regard, this study aimed to explore the issues related to a reading intervention with a growing concern about English language learners’ reading achievement focusing upon learners’ participation in learning activities. Based on the data from the interviews with instructors and a focus group of students, this study revealed a significant impact of motivation of and engagement on reading activities. High-interest, yet challenging reading materials, an interactive and collaborative learning environment, and the quality of instruction and attitudes proved to be critical for students’ engagement in reading. Furthermore, English language learners faced challenges in oral reading and participation in making predictions.
O samochodowej stratyfikacji słów kilka. [Zbyszko Melosik: Samochód. Tożsamość, wolność i przestrzeń. UAM Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań 2020, 194 s. https://doi.org/10.14746/amup.9788323238041. ISBN 978-83-232-3804-1 (druk), ISBN 978-83-232-3803 (e-book)]
Authors: Bernasiewicz Maciej
Published: February 2023

Autor tekstu recenzuje książkę uznanego i poczytnego badacza z zakresu studiów kulturowych. Kolejna publikacja Zbyszka Melosika z serii jego studiów nad kulturą popularną dotyczy tym razem samochodu – obiektu o wieloznacznym charakterze w kulturze Zachodu.
Agrarian Conflict Resolution in the Strategic Perspective of National Defense
Authors: Jannah Raundoh Tul Jannah , Legowo Endro , Sukendro Achmed , Budi P. Sulton Rizky
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The strategy formulation of the Riau Province Government in the Perspective of the National Defense is needed to deal with the conflict between the customary community of Batin Baringin Sakai and PT Arara Abadi. This agrarian conflict occurred due to overlapping rights over customary land management, which has not yet come to light. From 1996 until now, the conflict never finds a solution. The Riau Provincial Government must complete homework with effective and efficient strategic steps. This study will analyze the strategic actions that the government can take to resolve the conflict between the two parties by examining the concept of the government's strategy from the Strategic Perspective of The National Defense. The research method used is qualitative, with case studies and interviews. The results explain that the strategic steps taken have not been maximized. So that there is no draft conflict resolution strategy guidelines between the Customary Peoples of the Batin Baringin Sakai and PT Arara Abadi by the Provincial Government of Riau. Several measures which include means, ways, and ends according to the perspective of the right and directed the Riau Provincial Government can carry out National Defense Stages how to maximize mobilization and integrate resources optimally through a work program that is compiled and evaluated. In the final stage, conflict resolution can be achieved through a peace agreement and a sense of justice between the two disputing parties.
Keywords: Agrarian conflicts, ends, means, ways
Analysis of the main forms and types of commercialization of R&D in developed countries
Authors: Sitenko D.A. , Holienka М.
Published: February 2023

Object: Identification the main forms and types of commercialization of developments in developed countries in order to use them in the process of university technology transfer to the regional innovation system Methods: In the course of the study, methods of system analysis, comparative analysis, grouping method, content analysis, methodology of the Global Innovation Index rating were used. Findings: The article considers the main ways of commercialization in the developed countries of the world. It is shown that in many respects successful models of technology transfer have arisen as a result of the adoption at the state level of legislation that stimulates the process of commercialization. The systematization of approaches to the commercialization of the results of innovative scientific research in world practice has been carried out; practical recommendations have been given for managing this process. The article discusses the main schemes for the distribution of royalties from the implementation of intellectual property between an inventor and a scientific organization. The main forms of technology transfer used in developed countries are studied. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of the commercialization of innovations at various levels of the economy, the impact of state policy on the formation of a model for the commercialization of R&D (research and development) results, and the interaction of universities with the business sector. Conclusions: The article identifies the main problems hindering the development of commercialization in Kazakhstan. The importance of technology transfer from universities to industry as a necessary condition for the development of an innovative economy is substantiated. The main characteristics of universities that conduct active scientific research are revealed. The main forms of technology transfer used in developed countries are identified, which include patenting, licensing agreements, fulfillment of orders for R&D, creation of spin-off companies. The experience of organizational and legal support of commercialization in developed countries is systematized, which is of interest for the development of technology transfer in developing countries.
Мемлекеттік сатып алу саласындағы өзекті мәселелер
Authors: Асанова М.К. , Райханова Г.А. , Рахимжанова Р.А. , Серикбаева С.Г. , Жансейтов А.Т.
Published: February 2023

Мақсаты: Қазақстан Республикасындағы мемлекеттік сатып алу саласындағы өзекті мәселелерді зерттеу. Соңғы жарияланған статистикалық көрсеткіштерді көрсету. Әдістері: Зерттеудің теориялық және әдіснамалық негізі — мақаланың тақырыбына қатысты заңнамалық актілер, нормативтік құжаттар. Ғылыми мақаланы жазу үшін ақпарат көзі оқу әдебиеті, осы саладағы ірі ғалымдардың іргелі теориялық еңбектері, көрнекті отандық және шетелдік авторлардың практикалық зерттеулерінің нәтижелері, мемлекеттік басқару тақырыбына арналған арнайы әдебиеттер мен мерзімді басылымдардағы мақалалар мен шолулар пайдаланылды. Нәтижесі: Мақалада жалпы мәселелер қарастырылған. Негізгі ұғымдар айқындалды, мемлекеттік сатып алуды құқықтық реттеудің өзектілігі мен практикалық маңыздылығы анықталды. Мемлекеттік сатып алу үдерісіндегі негізгі қателіктер көрсетілді. Мемлекеттік сатып алу туралы жазылған авторлардың еңбектеріне және әлемдік тәжірибеге шолу жасалды. Қорытынды: Жекелеген деректер негізінде қазіргі жай-күйге талдау, сондай-ақ мемлекеттік сатып алуды дамытудың перспективалары мен үрдістеріне талдау жүргізілді. Мемлекеттік сатып алу туралы Заң қабылданған сәттен бастап оған 20 рет, оның ішінде ағымдағы жылдың басынан бастап төрт рет өзгерістер мен толықтырулар енгізілді. Қазақстан Республикасының Мемлекеттік сатып алу жүйесі жыл сайын өзгеріп отыратындықтан, осы саладағы қатынастарды реттеуді оңтайландыру мақсатында ұсыныстар берілген.
Прогнозирование продаж на основе модели Хольта-Уинтерса
Authors: Лукашевич Н.С. , Темиргалиев Е.Р. , Баранова Т.В.
Published: February 2023

Цель: Апробация модели Хольта–Уинтерса, или тройного экспоненциального сглаживания, используемой для процессов, имеющих тренд и сезонную составляющую, для прогнозирования поставок скоропортящихся товаров на примере цветочной продукции.Методы: Модель Хольта–Уинтерса, модель ARIMA, подходы к оценке экономической эффективности. Результаты: Апробированы модели и методы для прогнозирования поставок, проведен расчет прогноз-ных значений на примере данных по фактическим продажам исследуемой организации. Сравнительный анализ результатов моделирования (прогнозирования) на основе модели Хольта–Уинтерса и модели ARIMA показал, что прогнозирование временных рядов с помощью модели Хольта–Уинтерса имеет достоверные результаты на 99 %, ARIMA имеет более низкие значения точности (от 78 до 99,8 %).Выводы: Для точного планирования товарных потоков и эффективной логистической координации дея-тельности предприятия предложена методика составления качественного прогноза с помощью модели Хольта–Уинтерса и ARIMA. На основе проведенного исследования получена математическая модель сокращения за-трат на хранение излишнего объема запасов, предложены рекомендации по применению моделей прогнозиро-вания, полученные прогнозные значения использованы для оценки эффекта от внедрения точных методов про-гнозирования. Использование модели Хольта–Уинтерса для прогнозирования поставок скоропортящихся това-ров на примере цветочной продукции имеет для исследуемой организации положительный экономический эф-фект, равный порядка 57 % от чистой прибыли по основным позициям цветочной продукции, что достигается за счет снижения затрат на транспортировку, хранение, утилизацию нереализованных запасов.
Modeling of unstable economic systems based on the distribution of the population engaged in the economy of Tajikistan
Authors: Akramov M.B. , Nuralizoda A.N. , Vohidov U.M. , Nuralizoda N.N.
Published: February 2023

Object: The purpose of this study is to analyze and develop a mathematical model of the distribution of the employed population in the economy of the Republic of Tajikistan, according to the types of economic activity using the Sigma Plot program.Methods: In the present study the mathematical and statistical modeling of the distribution of the population employed in the economy of the Republic of Tajikistan is used. Modern computer technologies and programs create opportunities for developing and verification of new models and also help to improve model-based research methods, as well as the methods for analysis and presentation of simulation results.The narrowly professional use of modeling methods is giving way to the wide use of simulation models based on modern computer programs. And there is an inevitable need to put the issue of development of modeling in the context of real-life issues and interpretation of its fundamental concepts.Findings: For the proposed models the mathematical regression equations are obtained and the coefficients of these equations are calculated using computer programs. By the proposed mathematical and statistical models the ratio of the employed population and the unused labour force in the Republic of Tajikistan is calculated. The results showed that in order to accelerate the industrialization of the country and ensure the sustainable development of industry, it is necessary to take into account this ratio in the country.Conclusions: The developed mathematical model in the present work has been applied to show the dynamics of changes in the employed and unemployed labour force in the Republic of Tajikistan for the period 2006-2022. Consequently, we showed the possibility of using the unused labour force in order to solve one of the strategic goals of the republic, that is, the accelerated industrialization of the country