bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taxonomy and Taphonomy of a Fossil Dicotyledon [Ulmus (Ulmaceae)] from the Ogallala Group (Miocene) Graham County, Kansas
Authors:   , Mergen Daryl
Published: February 2023

Paleontological excavations in northwestern Kansas yielded a variety of late Miocene plants and animal remains. Silicified leaves collected from strata at the Minium Quarry in Graham County exhibit excellently preserved internal and external micromorphological features. These features include trichomes, stomata, spiral xylem elements, palisade cells, and epidermal cells. The macro- and micro-morphological features compare closely to modern Ulmus leaves and the fossil leaves should be assigned this genus. The leaves also show an unstable depositional environment. The angle and orientation of the leaves within the sand matrix indicate a possible post depositional disturbance. A Hemphillian North American Land Mammal Age (5-7 Ma.) has been assigned to the organisms in the Quarry.
High School Students' Attitude Toward and Use of Alcohol
Authors:   , Pfingsten Kae
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate high school students' attitude toward and use of alcohol. The following independent variables were investigated: gender, grade level, peer attitude, parental attitude, and knowledge of alcohol. Alcohol questionnaire scores for Use of Alcohol and Attitude Toward Drinking were employed as dependent variables. The sample consisted of 191 students. Five composite null hypotheses and one null hypothesis were tested at the .05 level. A status survey factorial design was employed using a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) for the composite null hypotheses and one null hypothesis was tested employing a t-test for correlation coefficient. Of the 36 comparisons, 11 were main effects and 26 were interactions. Of the 11 main effects, 8 were statistically significant at the .05 level. None of the 26 interactions were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. a more positive peer attitude toward alcohol is associated with a more positive attitude toward drinking; 2. a more positive peer attitude toward alcohol is associated with higher use of alcohol; 3. a more positive parental attitude toward alcohol is associated with a more positive attitude toward drinking; 4. a more positive parental attitude toward alcohol is associated with higher use of alcohol; 5. males have more positive attitude toward drinking than females; 6. males have higher use of alcohol than females; 7. an increase in grade level is associated with a more positive attitude toward drinking; 8. there is no association between grade level and use of alcohol; 9. knowledge of alcohol is not associated with attitude toward drinking; 10. knowledge of alcohol is not associated with use of alcohol ; and 11. there is a positive association between attitude toward drinking and use of alcohol.
Spiritual Perspectives of Elderly Adults and Depression
Authors:   , Sanderson Luann
Published: February 2023

This investigation examined spiritual perspectives of elderly adults and depression in one rural community area of western Kansas. Previous studies suggested that depression is a predominant mental health disorder among the elderly. Neuman's Systems Model served as the theoretical framework for this investigation. Using Neuman's framework, spiritual perspective and depression were selected as variables to be compared. The purpose of this investigation was to describe spiritual perspectives of elderly adults and determine whether or not differences existed between groups of depressed and non-depressed elderly. Spiritual perspectives are representative of interpersonal, intra-personal, and extra-personal factors. These factors may alter the individuals' lines of resistance and the lines of defense. This investigation described and compared data collected from 38 subjects. All subjects completed an Informed Consent Form, Demographic Data Sheet, Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression scale (CES-D), and a Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS). Depression was determined by the CES-D score of 20 or more. Spiritual perspective was measured with the SPS score using a Likert-type scale ranging 1.0 to 6.0 with 6.0 representative of the greater spiritual perspective. Subjects were divided into groups of depressed (n = 19) and non-depressed (n = 19) according to CES-D scores. SPS score median values of each group were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U Test. The difference In the median values between the two groups was not great enough to exclude the possibility that the difference was due to random sampling variability, there was no statistically significant difference found (p = 0.133). Additional findings include subjects' comments about the importance or meaning of spirituality. The percentage of elderly adults with depression in this investigation (34%) was found to be consistent with findings from other depression studies (20 - 40 %) Recommendations for replication of this investigation include using a larger sample size. Identification of Internal environmental factors that compare statistically with the incidence of depression may contribute to the significance of delivering holistic nursing care.
Vegetation Ordination and Computer Mapping of a Prairie in South-Central Nebraska
Authors:   , Marcotte Michael
Published: February 2023

One-hundred and fifty modified step-points were taken on each of 100 sample locations on a 244 ha (610 acre) prairie in Webster Co., Nebraska. From this technique, percent basal cover and percent species composition were obtained at each sample location. The data collected were subjected to quantitative analysis with the aid of three different vegetation ordination techniques: 1) similarity coefficient, 2) Euclidean distance, and 3) principal component analysis. Only sample stands were ordered by these methods. The computer mapping routine, SYMAP, was utilized to map the area. Ten vegetation types were discerned by the ordination techniques. Upland stands were dominated by Kentucky bluegrass, buffalograss, blue grama, and Japanese brome, Sideoats grama, little bluestem, and Kentucky bluegrass dominated hillside stands. Lowland stands were dominated by Kentucky bluegrass, sideoats grama, Japanese brome, and big bluestem. SYMAP was valuable in facilitating rapid location of areas with greatest, and least, values of the sampling index being considered.
Attrition and the Presence of Hardiness in Nursing Students
Authors:   , Elwood Tena
Published: February 2023

Attrition has always been a problem for schools of nursing. Fueled by an intensifying nursing shortage, faculty are under more pressure to address attrition. A correlational non-experimental design was used to examine the relationships between Hardiness and attrition in three Practical Nursing (PN) programs in the Midwest. Other variables examined included students grade point average and age. The typical PN student was female (N=74, P=98.7), 26 years of age, married, Caucasian, lived with his/her spouse, possessed a high school degree (n=59, P=78.7), and perceived (P=66) that she/he had just enough finances for personal/family needs. Student participants worked between 19 (P=25.3) and no (P=4) hours per week while 24% were enrolled in six hours of non-nursing college courses. The finding for the first research question revealed no difference in Hardiness between students who experienced attrition (n=13) and those who successfully completed the academic program (n=62) in three PN programs (N=75) in a rural Midwestern area, t(75)=1.73, p=.088. The second research question queried the relationship between age and each of the Hardiness subscales of Commitment, Control and Challenge in nursing students. All were evaluated with Pearson’s r with results of no statistically significant correlation. Research question three examined the relationship between age and Hardiness in nursing students. Again, results were not significant, r=.04, p=.744. Question four queried differences between student grade point average and levels of Hardiness in nursing students. Grades examined included total, support, and nursing grade point averages. Pearson’s r again was used to evaluate these relationships. Although various combinations of relationships were examined none were found to be statistically significant except for Group I and support grades, r=.65, p=.003. The investigation limitations included but are not limited to the following. Findings were only from PN programs; therefore, they can’t be generalized to other types of nursing programs. Since the settings were from a small, rural area the findings can’t be generalized to large or urban university nursing programs. Also, the missing grades for one of the programs is a limitation. Recommendations include the need for more research specifically for Group I and support grades as well as replication with larger samples including both rural and urban settings. Attrition is still a problem for schools of nursing; therefore, research with other variables is recommended. These variables might include support systems, commuting distance and history of social adeptness.
The Effects of a Student's Physical Attractiveness and Name Popularity on Student Teacher Expectations as Inferred by Perceptual Ratings of Academic and Social Variables
Authors:   , Tompkins Richard
Published: February 2023

The study was concerned with the effects of the physical attractiveness and name popularity of a student upon others. One hundred forty-one junior, senior, and graduate students majoring in education rated their impressions of a student on thirteen academic and socio-personal categories after exposure to a grade card of a fictitious 6th grade boy. Each card contained a picture of an attractive boy, a picture of an unattractive boy or no picture at all paired with a popular first name, an unpopular first name or no name at all. The categories rated included six academically related items and seven socio-personal categories. Significant results were found for the effects of physical attractiveness of a student for all socio-personal categories except one (concerning parental involvement in child's education), but on none of the academic categories. Name popularity was found to have a significant effect only on the category of socioeconomic status. There were no interactions between name and attractiveness. The results are further clarified and implications discussed.
William G. D. Worthington : A Study of the Man and His Role in the Recognition of Buenos Aires and Chile
Authors:   , Fall Vernon
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to assign a unity to Worthington's career as a Special Agent in South America in order to establish a basis on which his services can be evaluated. It is the opinion of the writer that a thorough understanding of the role played by the United States in the Spanish-American independence movement cannot be attained without understanding the various men who were a part of that era.
Soil-Vegetation Relationships of a Blue Shale-Limy Upland Range Site in Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Zavesky Larry
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine some soil-vegetation relationships of a blue shale-limy upland range site which is a complex of five different soils. Soil texture, percent organic matter, available P2O5 exchangeable K20, wilting point, and pH were determined for each soil. Detailed soil descriptions were also written for each soil. The sails are developed from Blue Bill shale and loamy calcareous outwash material. Vegetative composition and annual forage production were determined for each soil. Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardi), western wheatgrass (Agropyron smithii), sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), little bluestem (Andropogon scoparius), and meadow tall dropseed (Sporobolus asper var. hookeri) were the dominant grasses overall; however, not all the species were dominant on any one soil. Annual forage production was determined by species for the years 1963, 1964, and 1965.
Will Self Monitoring Enhance the Pursuit of Self Established Goals in a Selfpaced Course?
Authors:   , Becker Mary
Published: February 2023

This study attempted to determine whether visual information in the form of self-maintained graphs of progress toward student selected target dates for completion would prevent procrastination in a PSI course. All students were allowed to select one of three target dates for desired completion of the course. About half of the students were provided with a graph depicting the rate of performance necessary to complete the course by their selected target date and were expected to maintain a similar graph of the actual progress rate (experimental group). The other group did not receive any such treatment (control group). It was expected that experimental students would be more likely to finish, to finish by their own deadlines, and to progress at a more rapid pace, than control students. There were no significant differences between groups on any of those variables. A final judgment on the efficacy of self-monitoring was suspended until certain uncontrolled factors could be evaluated in later research.
Different World Views
Authors:   , Wann David
Published: February 2023

I am using my art as a window to what I call alternant realities. I have always embraced the concept of parallel worlds, a multitude of realities that exist in the same space but on differing levels and planes of awareness, stretching into infinity.
Denning Ecology of Swift Foxes (Vulpes Velox) in Western Kansas
Authors:   , Jackson Victoria
Published: February 2023

In western Kansas, swift foxes inhabit short and mid-grass prairie as well as cultivated and fallow cropland. I examined the differences in denning ecology of swift foxes inhabiting cropland and those in rangeland. I compared den characteristics, including size of openings, number of openings, distance between openings, direction of openings, shape of openings, and dimensions of tailings I also compared den site characteristics, including slope, surface roughness, surface ruggedness, surrounding vegetation, and soil. Most den and den site characteristics did not differ significantly between rangeland and cropland. However, vegetation, dimensions of tailings, surface roughness, and ruggedness were significantly different in the two habitats. Vegetation in areas surrounding dens and in randomly selected areas was higher and denser in rangeland than in cropland. Overall surface ruggedness was greater in rangeland tailings were absent more often from den sites in cropland than in rangeland. Den sites in cropland and in randomly selected cropland areas had a greater surface roughness. Swift foxes are able to exploit both cultivated and fallow cropland as well as rangeland. The intrinsic nature of these habitats (vegetation, surface roughness, and surface ruggedness) differs, but construction and maintenance of dens by swill foxes is the same in both habitats Knowledge of how readily swift foxes den in agricultural areas can help in management decisions.
A Ground-Magnetic Study of Rose Dome, Woodson County, Kansas
Authors:   , Davis Caroline
Published: February 2023

The present study conducted a group-magnetic survey at Rose Dome in Woodson County, Kansas, to delineate the boundary of the physiographic feature, attempt to recognize separate intrusive mafic sills in the subsurface, and to locate a possible feeder dike. The magnetic measurements ranged from 52,700 nT to 54,300 nT. A zone of northeast trending anomalies in the northwest corner of the survey area may represent an area of faulting that brought more magnetic material nearer the surface, and/or where the lamproite sills terminate. A magnetic low anomaly located in the northwestern corner of the survey area probably represents an area of less magnetic sedimentary rock. A large magnetic high located in the eastern portion of the survey area may represent an area that has been faulted. A centrally located west-to eat high-low anomaly may represent lamproite sills in the subsurface or a feeder dike zone for the intrusion. The resolution of the data is too coarse to recognize individual sills. However, the magnetic anomalies appear to be useful in targeting the depth to the sills in the subsurface country rock.
Opinions of Administrators and Teachers Toward Four-Day School Week
Authors:   , Bergmeier Cherie
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the opinions of public school administrators and teachers concerning the four-day school week. A status survey factorial design was employed. The independent variables investigated were: position (administrator and teacher), gender (administrator and teacher), age (administrator and teacher), years experience in public school (administrator and teacher), school size (administrator and teacher), and highest level of formal education (administrator and teacher). The dependent variables were scores from the following subscales of the Opinionnaire Concerning Four-Day School Week: Students’ Academic Learning, Scheduling Activities, Bus Transportation Time, Parents’ Needs, Students’ Needs, Discipline, Teaching Time, Overall Opinion, and Total Score. The sample consisted of 122. Five composite null hypotheses were tested at the .0500 level employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 180 comparisons were made plus 35 recurring. Of the 180 comparisons 54 were for the main effect and 126 were for interactions. Of the 54 main effect, none was statistically significant at the .0500 level. Of the 126 interactions, 2 were statistically significant at the .0500 level. The following interactions were statistically significant: 1. The independent variables position and gender for the dependent variable Students’ Academic Learning; and 2. The independent variable position, gender, and age for the dependent variable Discipline. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Position and gender should be interpreted concurrently for Students’ Academic Learning, 2. Position, gender, and age should be interpreted concurrently for Discipline, 3. Kansas administrators and teachers are neither positive nor negative toward a four-day school week, and 4. Kansas administrators and teachers are of the opinion that a four-day school would decrease discipline problems.
Relationship Needs of College Students
Authors:   , Martin Debra
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the attributes which college students use to describe a desired mate or relationship needs. The sample consisted of 108 students, of which 58 were females and 50 were males. The following independent variables were investigated, gender, age, relationship status, and family structure. The dependent variables were the scores from the following subscales: Attractiveness, Personality Traits, Affection/communication, Sexual Fulfillment, Recreation/Social, Values/Religion, Education/Career, Family/Domestic Support, Female Primary Love Needs, and Male Primary Love Needs. Four composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level. A three-way analysis of variance (general linear model) was employed for each composite null hypothesis. A total of 140 comparisons were made plus 140 recurring comparisons. Of the 140 comparisons, 40 were for main effects and 100 were for interactions. Of the 40 comparisons for main effects, 9 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 100 comparisons for interactions, 10 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Attractiveness is more important to younger students than older students; 2. Family/Domestic Support is more important to females than males; 3. Female Primary Love Needs are more important to females than males; 4. Personality Traits are more important to students who have never dated or are not dating than to those who are casually dating; exclusively dating; engaged, living together, newlyweds; or longer married, separated , divorced, or widowed; 5. values/Religion is more important to students raised in intact families than to those raised in other family structures; 6. Male Primary Love Needs are more important to females than males; 7. Personality Traits are more important to students raised in intact families than to those raised in other family structures; 8. Statistically significant interactions for gender, age, and Sexual Fulfillment; gender, relationship status, and Values/Religion ; gender, family structure, and Affection/Communication; gender, age, and Values/Religion; gender, relationship status, and Affection/ Communication; gender, relationship status , family structure, and Affection/communication; relationship status, family structure, and Affection/communication; relationship status, family structure, and Family/Domestic Support ; age, relationship status, family structure, and Family/Domestic Support; and age, relationship status, family structure, and Female Primary Love Needs.
Teacher Interaction with Low Achievers in the Classroom
Authors:   , Zerr Donna
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate equitable interactions with low achievers in the classroom. The independent variable investigated was participation in the program Teacher Expectations and Student Achievement (TESA). Two levels were employed including those who received TESA techniques and a control group. The dependent variables were scores from the ITBS and the TAP. The sample consisted of 120 children from grades 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, and high school. A posttest control group design using 1989 ITBS scores as a covariant measure, (1989 TAP scores for high school students) was employed to determine between group differences. Six composite null hypotheses were tested. Each composite null hypothesis was tested with a single factor analysis of covariance. Of the 39 comparisons made, eight were statistically significant at the .05 level. Four of the eight significant comparisons, (after being adjusted by the covariant measure) indicated the implementation was associated with higher test score performance. The remaining four significant comparisons, (after being adjusted by the covariant measure) indicated the control groups were associated with higher test score performance. The implementation groups performed higher in the following comparisons: (1) vocabulary - grade 4, (2) reading - grade 4, (3) mathematics - grade 4, and (4) complete composite - grade 4. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: (1) Implementation was associated with higher test score performance for fourth graders in the areas of vocabulary, reading, mathematics, and complete composite. (2) No association was found between implementation and higher test score performance for second graders. (3) No association was found between implementation and higher test score performance for third graders. (4) No association was found between implementation and higher test score performance for sixth graders. (5) No association was found between implementation and higher test score performance for ninth graders. (6) No association was found between implementation and higher test score performance for high school students.
The Relationship Between Student Participation in High School Activities and College Participation in Activities
Authors:   , Cavanaugh Jean
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if high school students who participated in extracurricular activities in high school continued their participation during the college years.
Palette
Authors:   , Ho Yi-Kuei
Published: February 2023

When I paint on surfaces built from layers of canvas, clothes, grass and acrylic mediums, I find myself working in a spontaneous manner. To me the feelings of freedom, emotion, and spontaneity are as important as the work and energy that I put into each piece. Having always been attracted to dark rich colored and fulling textured paintings. I find my acrylic paintings reflect this interest. The small collages are the result of my using the remaining paper palette from the acrylic painting. Although some of the female figure images come from my reading of Chinese history novels, especially those involving females, I’m not trying to convey any sort of feminism in these paintings.
A Study of Lifetime Sports Programs in Kansas Public Junior High Schools
Authors:   , Gorsuch Bill
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of this study to research the nature and extent of \Lifetime Sports\ instruction in Kansas Public Junior High Schools.
A Survey of Some Aspects of Chinese Insurance
Authors:   , Huang George
Published: February 2023

The quest for security has been an integral part of human want ever since the dawn of civilization. Various methods have been developed to meet the need. Among them insurance is a dominant one at the present time. The origin of Chinese insurance is dated back to three to four thousand years before Christ. In the recent ten years, Chinese insurance business attracts more and more investors into the market. It is the purpose of this study to investigate the facts of the past Chinese insurance industry reaching to the present, and to attempt to express opinions based on these sound factual evidences, as to the possible Chinese insurance trend from the present into the future unknown. In the past decade, Chinese insurance business has experienced a favorable development in the history of the industry. Alongside this development come such problems as are incidental to the business. More complete governmental supervision over the industry and the further development of social consciousness on the part of the insurers and the establishment of a sound educational program are possible approaches to solve these problems.
Leading Ladies In Willa Cather's The Professor's House
Authors:   , Badenhop Hannah
Published: February 2023

This paper analyzes the women in Willa Cather’s novel The Professor’s House and demonstrates the ways in which the women are able to adapt to change better than the men in the novel, even though the women are degraded for their materialism and behaviors. By looking at previous scholarship, this thesis highlights how women in this novel have for some reason been excluded from the academic debate surrounding The Professor’s House. This exclusion is often the result of scholars placing more emphasis on St. Peter and Tom as the main characters in the story. What this ignores, however, is the strength of the women and their ability to adapt to modern life. The women in the novel are remarkably strong, yet St. Peter does not see them this way. Since the narrative focuses mainly on the male perspectives, the reader can easily take on the view of the men and forget to look closer at the women in the text who demonstrate different characteristics than St. Peter detects in them. Finally, in placing this novel alongside A Lost Lady, which similarly views the woman in the story through the male’s perspective, this paper proves that a new reading of The Professor’s House must be considered to truly understand one of the ways Cather uses the women in this novel.
A Test of Language Planning Processing in Schizophrenia: An Explanation for Verbal Hallucinations
Authors:   , Meyer Suzanne
Published: February 2023

Schizophrenia has various symptoms that are characteristic of the disease. One such symptom is verbal hallucinations. Hoffman (1986) proposes that the \language production mechanism\ is dysfunctional in schizophrenics and that this aberrant mechanism is the cause of the hallucinations. This study investigated whether Hoffman's notions are correct. One subject group was ten schizophrenic patients from Larned State Hospital in Larned, KS. The second subject group was the control group of ten volunteers from the Hays area. The control group was matched to the schizophrenic group according to age, education, and gender. The subjects were tested according to an active- passive paradigm. The materials involved in this study included a six-sentence preamble and a picture. The preambles are designed to reflect one of two conditions in which the conceptual focus is either in the active or passive voice. A computer was used to present the preamble as well as the picture. The subject's reaction time and accuracy of their first response was recorded. There was a significant main effect for groups, i.e., between the subjects with schizophrenia and their matched controls. Generally, subjects with schizophrenia responded significantly slower and less accurately than their matched controls. Therefore, it appears that Hoffman's notion of a dysfunctional \language production mechanism\ may have some merit. However, from these results alone one cannot conclusively say that Hoffman's notion is completely correct. There are many other linguistic operations that were not manipulated in the present experiment which may or may not have affected the results. Future research is needed to understand the role of these other related operations.
A History of The Changes In Population of Certain Mammals In Western Kansas
Authors:   , Carter Floyd
Published: February 2023

This particular study has been restricted to certain mammals in western Kansas, including some on which there is little information, and others which observers would be most likely to notice in everyday life. For several years the writer has been vitally interested in the animal life in Kansas. Therefore, when the need for a study of western Kansas mammals was presented to him in the summer of 1936, the problem of this study was selected. It is hoped that this report will suggest to ecologists, historians, and others, further studies, including reasons for the changes here-in shown. What have been the changes in population of certain mammals in western Kansas? Observers have been aware for some time that there have been changes in mammal population in western Kansas. Some animals have increased, while others have decreased, even to extinction in a few cases. There have been many changes over small areas for short periods. However, only the larger and more lasting changes were sought for in this study.
Behind Her Eyes
Authors:   , Baird Lauren
Published: February 2023

The graduate portfolio completed as part of graduation requirements for a Masters in Fine Arts.
College Students' Perceptions of the Cultural Environment in Residence Halls
Authors:   , Yang Zheng
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate college students' perceptions of cultural environment in residence halls. The five independent variables investigated were citizenship, gender, classification, number of friends of different cultures, and length of time international students in the U.S. The six dependent variables were Perception of Hall Environment, Perception of Peers, Perception of Staff, Perception of Hall Government, Perception of Campus Environment, and Total Score. The total sample size was 182 college students which included 88 females and 94 males. Five composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level of significance employing a threeway analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 126 comparisons were made plus 84 recurring. Of the comparisons made, 42 were for main effects and 84 were for interactions. Of the 42 main effects, 20 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 84 interactions, five were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Freshman and sophomore students have more positive opinions of hall environment, peers, hall government, campus environment, and total than junior, senior and graduate students; 2. females have more positive opinions of staff than males; 3. females have more positive opinions of hall government than males; 4. international students who had been in the U.S. 2 years or less have more positive opinions of peers than those who had been in the U.S. for 3 years or more; 5. gender and classification should be examined simultaneously for the Perception of Hall Environment; 6. citizenship and gender should be examined simultaneously for the Perception of Staff; 7. citizenship and classification should be examined simultaneously for the Perception of Staff; 8. gender and classification should be examined simultaneously for the Perception of Staff; and 9. gender and classification of international students should be examined simultaneously for the Perception of Staff.
Frozen Motion
Authors:   , Mehringer Richard
Published: February 2023

Nature has potent influence on me. It is, therefore, inherent that it would affect the presentation of my thought, my visions, and my emotions. Gentle curves and rhythmic flows are the nucleus of my work. These allude motion, but motion in a frozen state.
The Relationship Between Self-Perceived Gender Typicality, Self-Esteem and Psychological Distress In College Students
Authors:   , Chuku Godswill
Published: February 2023

The role of gender identity in the gender differences observed in psychological distress has been established in research with researchers acknowledging the importance of a multidimensional conceptualization of gender identity. Gender typicality is one aspect of gender identity that has been identified to be related to psychosocial adjustment such as self-esteem in adolescents. Self-perceived gender typicality describes how typical people feel they are in relation to their own gender group. By asking college students to fill out an online survey on gender typicality, self-esteem and psychological distress, the present study explored the relationship between self-perceived gender typicality and psychological distress as well as the role of self-esteem in this relationship. Participants (N = 299) were administered a measure of self-perceived gender typicality (Adult Gender Typicality Scale), self-esteem (Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale) and psychological distress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-Short Form). It was predicted that self perceived gender typicality will have a negative relationship with psychological distress and a positive relationship with self-esteem. Additionally, it was predicted that self-esteem will mediate the relationship between self-perceived gender typicality and psychological distress. Results indicated that gender does not influence self-perceived gender typicality, self-esteem and psychological distress. Results showed that psychological distress is inversely correlated with self-perceived gender typicality and self-esteem. In addition, self-esteem was positively correlated with self-perceived gender typicality. Moreover, results indicated that the relationship between self-perceived gender typicality and psychological distress was fully mediated by self-esteem. Implications of the findings of the present study for gender identity in adults and the gender differences in psychological distress are discussed including the prospects for future research.
Sexual Attitudes of College Students
Authors:   , Etchison Marilyn
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate sexual attitudes of college students. The independent variables employed were gender, family structure, family sex communication, age and classification. The dependent variables were the following subscales of sexual attitudes: Permissiveness, Sex Practices, Communion, and Instrumentality. The sample population was 220 students from a Western Kansas university. Five composite null hypotheses were tested using three-way analysis of variance. The five composite null hypotheses tested generated 70 comparisons and 70 recurring comparisons. Of the 70 comparisons tested 10 were statistically significant. Of the 10 statistically significant comparisons, 5 were for main effects and 5 were for interactions. 1. Males have a more permissive attitude toward sex than females, 2. Females have a more accepting attitude toward sex practices than males, 3. Older students are more accepting of sex practices than young students, 4. Students with a high level of family sex communication were more instrumental than students with low or medium levels of family sex communication, 5. Students from 2 parent and 1 parent homes were more permissive than students from blended families, 6. An interaction between age and family sex communication for instrumentality, 7. An interaction between age and family structure for Instrumentality, 8. An interaction between family structure and classification for communion, 9. An interaction between gender and classification for Instrumentality, 10. And interaction between gender and family structure for Instrumentality.
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Growth of Wheat in Competition with Fireweed (Kochia Scoparia)
Authors:   , Kherde Madhukar
Published: February 2023

An attempt was made to determine comparative effect of nitrogen fertilizer (NH4NO3) on growth and root development of wheat as influenced by various densities of fireweed (Kochia scoparia) under greenhouse conditions. 1. Fireweed grown alone did not show any significant differences in height due to density or fertilizer. 2. When fireweed was grown in association with a uniform stand of wheat, significant differences in height occurred among treatments (densities of fireweed) and among rates of nitrogen fertilization. 3. Nitrogen fertilizer did not significantly increase the growth of wheat when fireweed was present at two, four, and eight plants per phytometer. 4. Nitrogen at the rate of one hundred pounds per acre was better than fifty pounds which in turn increased the length of the roots significantly more than the control (no nitrogen). 5. Nitrogen application increased the dry matter of top growth of weeds when grown alone. 6. Dry matter yield of fireweed grown with wheat was also significantly influenced by densities of weeds. 7. Nitrogen fertilizer increased dry yield of fireweed in presence of wheat crop. 8. Wheat dry matter yield was decreased in presence of fireweed densities but nitrogen fertilizer did not increase dry yield of wheat. 9. One hundred pounds of nitrogen per acre was significantly better than fifty pounds which in turn significantly increased dry matter of roots more than the control. 10. In general, shoot-root ratio decreased in all treatments with added nitrogen.
A Survey of the Ichthyofauna in Tributaries of the Missouri River in Northeastern Kansas
Authors:   , Stark William
Published: February 2023

Seventy-two fish collections at 31 localities were taken from the spring of 1985 through December of 1986 in an effort to clarify the status of the fish fauna in a poorly sampled area of northeastern Kansas. Species composition and distributions of fishes were assessed in stream reaches that included portions of Leavenworth, Atchison, Doniphan, Brown, and Nemaha, counties. Of the 43 species collected, the black nose dace was found only in the western tributaries of the Nemaha River. This species previously was unreported from Kansas. Also in the Nemaha River, one flathead chub (which is threatened in Kansas) and numerous plains minnows (which are on the Kansas list of taxa in need of conservation) were seined. Two other species in need of conservation also were sampled. Brassy minnows were taken inconsistently at three sites, whereas the river shiner was found at one locality. Ordination of sites by detrended correspondence analysis indicated homogeneous species composition throughout the study area. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis of species rank abundances indicated strong correlation between species composition and stream width, upstream drainage area, and discharge. However only eight of 26 species included in the analysis exhibited strong associations to these environmental variables. The predominance of tolerant species suggests that habitats are not sufficiently stable to support a diverse fauna in this area. However, the presence of juvenile individuals of species that otherwise were rare or characteristic of larger stream systems suggests that these streams may be important nursery areas for species that inhabit these larger streams.
A Study of Social Attitude Similarity Between Parents and Children
Authors:   , Beck Robert
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to test three hypotheses: (1) College freshmen and sophomores will be more like their parents in social attitudes than will juniors and seniors, (2) The more dogmatic the parent, the more similar will be the child and parent in attitudes, and (3) The similarity in attitudes between parents and children will be higher if those parents are quite similar in attitudes. The sample consisted of fifty-seven family units in the Hays, Kansas area. Each unit consisted of one child who was attending college while living with his biological parents. The students were given two fifteen-item clusters which were designed to determine attitudes toward the church and political economic conservatism. The parents were given the same attitude items as the children, as well as Bass’ measure of the acquiescence response set and Rokeach’s dogmatism scale. Cronbach and Gleser’s D2 measure was used to evaluate the amount of similarity between the child’s and parent’s attitudes. The dogmatism scores were corrected for the acquiescence response set so that a truer indication of the amount of dogmatism in the parents could be had. It was concluded that college freshmen and sophomores were not more like their parents on the attitudes studied than juniors and seniors. Also, dogmatism in parents does not appear to significantly influence the child’s attitudes in the direction of the parent’s attitudes. Finally, the amount of similarity between parent’s attitudes appears to be related to the amount of similarity between parents and their children on the attitudes studied.
Effect of Mowing on Movement and Home Range of Three Species of Rodents in a Mixed Grass Pasture
Authors:   , Watts Sherry
Published: February 2023

A capture- recapture study was conducted in an ungrazed mixed- grass pasture to determine if a mowed strip (6 m wide) would serve as a barrier to movement of small rodents and thereby alter the animals' home range. The three species studied were the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), the hispid pocket mouse (Perognathus hispidus), and the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). The center of activity and distance from points of capture to the center of activity were calculated for each animal. Home range was determined by the exclusive boundary strip method and by using the value of two sigma to represent the radius of a circular home range. These data were used to compare the home range site of each animal before and after mowing to determine if a shift in location had occurred. ~lthou9h no shift in home range was detected for the nine animals studied and eight were caught in traps on both sides of the mowed strip, home ranges for hispid pocket mice and deer mice decreased in size. Cover, in the form of standing vegetation and litter, frequently is cited as a necessity for optimal rodent habitat in grassland communities (Elton, 1939; Eadie, 1953: LoBue and Darnell, 1959; Birney et al., 1976; Grant et al., 1982) Good cover provides a source of food, affords protection from potential predators, serves as a buffer against the physical environment, and reduces intraspecific competition (Elton, 1939; Birney et al., 1976). To assess the role that cover plays in promoting or hindering daily movements of rodents in the mixed grassland, an experiment was devised to determine whether removal of cover by mowing a 6 m wide strip through an animal's established home range would disrupt the animal's normal travels and alter the size or location of its home range.
Educational Trends: A Study In Educational Trends Affecting School Development In Kansas From The Beginning of Statehood To The Present Time
Authors:   , Sayler Lawrence
Published: February 2023

It shall be the purpose of this study to determine trends in Supreme Court decisions affecting public education in Kansas. An attempt will be made to determine guiding principles that have guided the Supreme Court in their opinions on cases that have had an important bearing on the progress of education in the state of Kansas. If it is true that the Supreme Court has been liberal in its interpretation of laws as passed by our legislature then it may be said that the Supreme Court has been an aid to the progress of education in the State of Kansas. If there are definite principles discovered then it goes without saying that education might go forward and apply or utilize laws as soon as passed by the legislature without fear of interruption by an adverse opinion of the court.
The Relationship of Delayed Entrance at School Entry to Academic Achievement and to Placement Rates in Special Education
Authors:   , Kitson Jennifer
Published: February 2023

The issue of when children should enter school to ensure later academic success continues to be of concern to educators, administrators, and parents. Numerous studies investigating the age effects on achievement of the youngest and oldest students within a grade have found some achievement differences in favor of the older students. The differences are usually not evident after the primary grades. The practice of voluntarily delaying a child's entrance to kindergarten, to avoid being the youngest within a grade, has become more commonplace in the past few years. The present study, modeled after a previous study, compared 74 delayed entrants (those who were age six when entering school) to 189 young entrants (those who were age five when entering school) in grades three, six, and nine, on the variables of academic achievement as measured by the SRA Survey of Basic Skills, and on rates of placement in special education. Results from the present study reveal significant differences on three achievement measures (composite, reading, and language) between the delayed and young entrants in favor of the young entrants. No significant results were found between the delayed and young entrants for placement rates in special education. The issues related to delaying entrance to school were discussed.
Criminal Cases In Ellis County, Kansas, 1867-1937
Authors:   , Baker Wallace
Published: February 2023

Many articles have been written on crime and its problems. There is only one true way by which crime maybe studied , and that is by analysis and investigation. In this thesis the purpose of the writer had been to investigate the kind and number of cases that have passed through the district court. Those cases receiving fines and jail sentences necessitated a search of the records to find if the sentences were served and the fines paid . The history of Ellis County was used to give the reader a background for consideration of the cases. Two kinds of classification were made in order that the reader might receive a full picture of the cases.