bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating ICAP theory in learning analytics
Authors: Vale Eamon , Mitric Damir , Raheem Noor
Published: November 2024

This paper introduces a conceptual evaluation learning analytics (LA) model developed by Keypath Education and Melbourne Business School to analyse student engagement in an online learning environment. The paper describes how a targeted LA intervention was grounded within the ICAP theory for active learning to identify, visualise and analyse student engagement metrics in a 100% online setting. The architecture of the model, including its design principles and underlying assumptions, are broadly examined against the latest research in educational, LA, and data analytics research. This includes a discussion of our initial phase testing results of captured student data alongside a discussion of key questions and desired study outcomes for the upcoming phase 2 of the data intervention. As a result, this paper provides both specific insights into how we created an evidence based and pedagogically sound evaluation model of online student engagement within a specific suite of asynchronous educational tools, as well as more general and practical insights into how other universities could develop similar approaches to enhance understanding and support of a growing online student population.
Future Direction of Engineering Education in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Chan Chun-Chuen Billy , Kark Lauren
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the future direction of biomedical engineering education in higher education. It examines the perceptions of learning activities, modes, and styles among a group of biomedical engineering students at an Australian university. The survey findings reveal that both traditional and progressive pedagogies are preferred by the respondents. This paper concludes that traditional face-to-face lecturing maintains its value in biomedical engineering education.
Preparing students for success
Authors: Alksnis Nikolai , Rahou Maryam , Tran Phuong , Sterling Samantha
Published: November 2024

With increased demand for skilled professionals in science and technology, universities are broadening entry requirements resulting in students entering these specialised degrees with potential knowledge gaps. This presents an opportunity to uplift student capability through personalised learning journeys, enhancing their university readiness. This report details the Monash College's new maths uplift program, which uses skills analysis tools and self-assessment processes to determine “where students are” on their learning journey, both at entry to the Monash College and through to their first year of university. Mapped to the maths requirements of their chosen degree, this program comprises three key components: (1) a comprehensive Teaching and Learning progression that maps the learning trajectory via six core domains of mathematics, (2) a set of skills analysis tests aimed at different entry and exit points in mathematics, and (3) a large set of self-paced online learning modules recommended to students based on the outcomes of their individual skills analysis tests. The three key components work together to provide a tailored educational experience supporting students towards their destination degrees. This paper reports on the development of this uplift program and presents preliminary findings indicating positive impacts on student preparedness and engagement.
Developing Online Tutorials Through Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL)
Authors: Tan Lingqi , Reimann Peter
Published: November 2024

The Four-Component Instructional Design (4C/ID) model facilitates complex learning, while Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL) offers a robust framework for collaborative acquisition of knowledge and skills. This study investigates how a collaborative environment, integrated within the 4C/ID framework, can enhance the effectiveness of online tutorial development by learning designers. Employing a qualitative approach, we explored the underlying mechanisms of the design process. Preliminary findings suggest that integrating PAL with 4C/ID improves the quality and engagement of online educational content. This research suggested the potential of collaborative strategies in instructional design, proposing a model that could be beneficial for enhancing future educational practices.
Applying community of inquiry in a collaborative experiential learning course
Authors: Putra Andi Sudjana
Published: November 2024

A collaborative experiential learning course involves two or more learning institutions. Operational constraints in designing such a course, especially when the institutions are in different locations, motivated the application of Community of Inquiry (COI) with online components, which typically finds application in blended learning. This article describes a new application of COI in a collaborative experiential learning course with a case study that involved two universities at different countries. The course included students from a university learning about Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in communities at the locality of another university. The application of COI was measured using factor pattern matrix (FPM). Students’ perceived learning was measured using reflection and course feedback. COI was rated well by students from both universities with indication of strong social and cognitive presences. The cognitive presence of visiting students appeared dominant through activities, while of host students through reflection. The study describes a new application of COI in areas other than blended learning.
Leveraging Classroom Polling and Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Learner Engagement and Metacognition in a First-Year Anatomy and Physiology Course
Authors: Hurren Brad , Thompson Donna
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the integration and impact of a polling solution (EchoPoll) enhanced with artificial intelligence (AI) in a first-year university anatomy and physiology course. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the student and instructor perspectives of integrating this new polling tool into this course. The overall aims for the integration of the tool itself were to increase student engagement, provide real-time feedback, and facilitate deeper understanding of complex concepts in a subject area that has historically been taught in traditional and often didactic face-to-face modalities. Anonymous feedback gathered from two different cohorts of students from 2023 and 2024 regarding their experiences using the polling tool was overwhelmingly positive – particularly in terms of enjoying the interactivity, opportunities to improve comprehension of difficult subject matter in real-time and overall learning. This paper discusses the features of the polling tool itself, its application in different classroom scenarios such as lectures, laboratories and workshops, and how it supported both the students and the instructor to change their approaches to exploring anatomical and physiological concepts based on shared understanding and experiences.
Do Beliefs About Intelligence Drive Engagement in Online Learning?
Authors: Chen Zijin , Song Yige , Valentine Andrew , De Barba Paula , Rios Shannon , Oliveira Eduardo
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the relationship between students’ beliefs about intelligence (fixed vs. growth mindset) and their engagement and behaviour in an online learning platform. The data was collected from 28 students enrolled in COMP90082 – Software Project subject at The University of Melbourne. Students’ beliefs about intelligence were measured through a survey administered during the first week, while their online learning behaviours were captured through clickstream data from the learning management system. The study adopted a two-fold approach: first, students’ learning strategies were identified through cluster analysis of their online session duration. By examining over 41,000 learning actions —such as accessing course materials, participating in discussions, and completing assignments— three distinct learning strategies emerged: “light”, “light-intensive”, and “intensive.” Subsequently, the relationship between these learning strategies and students’ beliefs about intelligence was examined using data visualisation techniques, chi-square tests, and logistic regression models. The findings revealed that students with a growth mindset were more likely to adopt intensive and engaged learning approaches within the online platform. Conversely, those with a fixed mindset tended to exhibit lower engagement levels and less intensive learning strategies. The study may contribute to the growing literature on the psychology of online learning and highlight the potential for tailoring instructional interventions and platform design to foster a growth mindset, thereby enhancing student engagement and academic success in digital learning environments.
GenAI Teachers
Authors: Honig Chris
Published: November 2024

Generative AI is increasingly used in higher education, prompting the need to effectively test, refine, and robustly evaluate its educational impact. Tools like Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) enable conversational interactions that support Constructivist learning designs: active learning strategies allowing students to engage deeply with course material through reflection and discourse. However, in our initial trials with an AI-tutors, students reported greater learning utility from non-Constructivist activities. This underscores the importance of not only developing new GPT tools but also educating students on their optimal use, designing assessments to foster appropriate learning strategies, and refining the tools themselves. We also explored self-directed learning scores but found no significant correlation with AI-tutor use-strategies, and only a slight preference for AI-tutors among highly self-directed learners. When using retrieval augmented generation (RAG) most learners could not distinguish between different large language models (LLMs) implying cheaper but refined models may be appropriate. Finally, we find AI-tutors offer a compelling value proposition to universities; student’s perceive value of the AI-tutor exceeds the associated compute costs of running the AI-tutor. Similarly, students tend to prefer AI-tutors over similarly priced teaching alternatives.
Tailoring Learning Analytics for Success
Authors: Clark Jo-Anne , Tuffley David
Published: November 2024

Learning Analytics systems are emerging as a powerful tool for student success, optimising curricula, and informing data-driven decisions. However, these will not be achieved without effective implementation strategies tailored to institutional contexts. This study compares the learning analytics practices of five diverse Australian universities, offering a nuanced exploration of the similarities, differences, and patterns that characterise their adoption journeys. We will work to identify the factors that contribute to successful implementation and enhanced impact. Our findings emphasise the importance of aligning learning analytics initiatives with institutional contexts, student demographics, and unique needs, emphasising the necessity of tailored approaches that resonate with stakeholders and address specific challenges. Our intention is to provide a practical roadmap for Higher Education Institutions seeking to benefit from learning analytics, giving them the means to harness the full potential of these tools.
Is scalable 'students as partners’ possible?
Authors: Dollinger Mollie , Brazil Jonathan , Matthews Kelly , Khosravi Hassan
Published: November 2024

Amid the growing practice of engaging with students as partners in learning and teaching, there have been well-known critiques of the practice’s often small-scale, extra-curricular, project-based, and often exclusive, models of student participation. In this research, we respond to these concerns through the evaluation of a whole-of-class approach to student partnership which harnessed a scalable, online peer-recommender platform known as RiPPLE (Recommendation in Personalised Peer Learning Environments). Through the platform, educators partner with students to develop a large repository of learning resources where students can contribute by authoring learning resources and/or reviewing and providing feedback on their peer's submissions. In this study, we present the evaluation of this intervention, including the development of a transferable survey instrument based on key outcomes related to student partnership. Survey results (N= 889) indicated that many, though not all, of the previously evidenced benefits of partnership occurred, for example, students’ self-reported gains in learning engagement and self-efficacy about their ability to contribute learning resources. These findings suggest that large-scale, in-class partnerships have promising potential to expand the benefits of partnership at scale and open up new insights on how to leverage technology to support large-scale, inclusive learning and teaching innovations.
Associations between skeletal muscle phenotype, positional role, and on‐ice performance in elite male ice hockey players
Authors: Vigh‐Larsen Jeppe F. , Thorsteinsson Hallur , Thomassen Martin , Panduro Jeppe , Fristrup Bjørn , Randers Morten B. , Olesen Jens L. , Krustrup Peter , Overgaard Kristian , Nybo Lars , Mohr Magni
Published: November 2024

We evaluated associations between muscle phenotype, positional role, and on‐ice performance in male U20 Danish national team ice hockey players. Sixteen players (10 forwards, six defensemen) participated in a game with activity tracking. Resting thigh muscle biopsies were analyzed for metabolic enzyme activity and protein expression linked to performance. On‐ice intermittent exercise capacity, repeated sprint ability, and maximal isometric knee‐extensor torque were also assessed. No significant position‐specific muscle phenotype characteristics were found, but forwards generally exhibited higher levels of several membrane proteins (p = 0.100–0.991). NAKα2, NAK∑, KATP, ClC‐1, and NHE1 showed significant correlations with total distance (r = 0.52–0.59, p = 0.016–0.046), however, within positions these only persisted for KATP (r = 0.70, p = 0.024) and NAKα2 (r = 0.57, p = 0.085) in forwards, where CS enzyme activity also displayed a strong association with distance covered (r = 0.75, p = 0.019). For high‐intensity skating, NAKα2 (r = 0.56, p = 0.025) and KATP (r = 0.50, p = 0.048) similarly exhibited the strongest associations, persisting within forwards (r = 0.63, p = 0.052 and r = 0.72; p = 0.018, respectively). In conclusion, although several muscle proteins involved in ion and metabolic regulation were associated with performance, only NAKα2 and KATP displayed consistent relationships within positions. Moreover, CS enzyme activity was strongly related to total distance within forwards, coherent with the proposed importance of oxidative capacity in intense intermittent exercise.
An optimization method for measuring the stomata in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) under multiple abiotic stresses
Authors: Ma Muqing , Gu Jinbao , Wang Zhen-Yu
Published: November 2024

As a gateway for gas exchange, pores regulate the transport of air and water in carbon assimilation, respiration, and transpiration to quickly adapt to environmental changes. Therefore, the study of stomatal movement characteristics of plants is helpful to strengthen the understanding of the mechanism of plant response to multi-environmental stress, and can improve the function of plant resistance to stresses. The stomatal movement of Arabidopsis leaves was observed by staining the stomata with rhodamine 6G, but this method has not been reported in other plant leaf stomata studies. Taking cassava as an example, the correlation between cassava stomatal movement and cassava response to stress was observed by using and improving the staining method. Rhodamine 6G is a biological stain widely used in cell biology and molecular biology. It was found that 1 μM rhodamine 6G could stain the stomata of cassava without affecting stomatal movement (n = 109, p < 0.05). In addition, we proposed that stomata fixed with 4% concentration of formaldehyde after staining were closest to the stomatal morphology of cassava epidermis, so as to observe stomatal movement under different environmental stresses more accurately. Previous methods of measuring stomatal pore size by autofluorescence of cell wall needs to fix the cells for 6 h, but Rhodamine staining can only be observed in 2 min, which greatly improves the experimental efficiency. Compared with the traditional exfoliation method (e.g., Arabidopsis), this method can reduce the damage of the leaves and observe the stomata of the whole leaves more completely, so that the experimental results are more complete. In addition, the method enables continuous leaf processing and observation. Using this method, we further compared four different cassava varieties (i.e., KU50, SC16, SC8, and SC205) and found that there are differences in stomatal density (SD) among cassava varieties, and the difference in the SD directly affects the stress resistance of cassava (n = 107, p < 0.001). This finding has important implications for studying the mechanism of plant response to environmental stress through stomata.
Performance evaluation of the introduction of full sample traceability system within the specimen collection process
Authors: Foglia Emanuela , Garagiola Elisabetta , Ferrario Lucrezia , Plebani Mario
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To evaluate the efficacy, safety and efficiency performances related to the introduction of innovative traceability platforms and integrated blood collection systems, for the improvement of a total testing process, thus also assessing the economic and organizational sustainability of these innovative technologies.

Methods

A mixed-method approach was utilized. A key-performance indicators dashboard was created based on a narrative literature review and expert consensus and was assessed through a real-life data collection from the University Hospital of Padova, Italy, comparing three scenarios over time (2013, 2016, 2019) with varying levels of technological integration. The economic and organizational sustainability was determined considering all the activities performed from the tube check-in to the validation of the results, with the integration of the management of the prevalent errors occurred during the process.

Results

The introduction of integrated venous blood collection and full sample traceability systems resulted in significant improvements in laboratory performance. Errors in samples collected in inappropriate tubes decreased by 42 %, mislabelled samples by 47 %, and samples with irregularities by 100 %. Economic analysis revealed a cost saving of 12.7 % per tube, equating to a total saving of 447,263.80 € over a 12-month period. Organizational efficiency improved with a reduction of 13,061.95 h in time spent on sample management, allowing for increased laboratory capacity and throughput.

Conclusions

Results revealed the strategic relevance of introducing integrated venous blood collection and full sample traceability systems, within the Laboratory setting, with a real-life demonstration of TLA economic and organizational sustainability, generating an overall improvement of the process efficiency.
The functional average treatment effect
Authors: Sparkes Shane , Garcia Erika , Zhang Lu
Published: November 2024

This article establishes the functional average as an important estimand for causal inference. The significance of the estimand lies in its robustness against traditional issues of confounding. We prove that this robustness holds even when the probability distribution of the outcome, conditional on treatment or some other vector of adjusting variables, differs almost arbitrarily from its counterfactual analogue. This article also examines possible estimators of the functional average, including the sample mid-range, and proposes a new type of bootstrap for robust statistical inference: the Hoeffding bootstrap. After this, the article explores a new class of variables, the

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class, that simplifies the estimation of functional averages. This class of variables is also used to establish mean exchangeability in some cases and to provide the results of elementary statistical procedures, such as linear regression and the analysis of variance, with causal interpretations. Simulation evidence is provided. The methods of this article are also applied to a National Health and Nutrition Survey data set to investigate the causal effect of exercise on the blood pressure of adult smokers.
Antidiabetic activity of Inonotus obliquus water extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice
Authors: Delgersaikhan Nyamsurendejid , Odkhuu Erdenezaya , Khaltar Purevsuren , Samdan Enkhbaatar , Dugarsuren Uranchimeg , Dalkhsuren Shine-Od , Dorjkhuu Amgalanbaatar , Aldartsogt Dolgorsuren , Amgalanbaatar Avirmed
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The Inonotus obliquus is a medicinal mushroom that grows on mature birch trees and is commonly used in traditional medicine for various ailments. The current study aimed to explore the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and pancreatic protective effects of the water extract of Mongolian natural Inonotus obliquus on alloxan-induced diabetic mice.

Methods

Alloxan monohydrate (200 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally single injected into C57BL/6 mice to induce diabetes. Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were orally given the water extract of inonotus obliquus (WEIO) at doses of 500 mg/kg and subcutaneously administered with insulatard 0.6 IU for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the levels of factors related to blood glucose, insulin and lipids were assessed.

Results

WEIO significantly restored body weight, reduced fasting blood glucose levels, improved glucose tolerance ability, and increased insulin levels compared to the control diabetic mice. WEIO also enhanced cholesterol transportation in the liver, correlated with increased HDL-C levels and decreased TC, TG and LDL-C levels. Histologic examinations revealed that WEIO alleviated alloxan-induced pancreatic tissue damage.

Conclusions

Natural Mongolian I. Obliquus water extracts have an antihyperglycemic effect and enhance islet cell function in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. It is a good candidate for a hypoglycemic functional food or medicine.
On the quantum security of high-dimensional RSA protocol
Authors: Rahmani Nour-eddine , Serraj Taoufik , Ismaili Moulay Chrif , Azizi Abdelmalek
Published: November 2024

The idea of extending the classical RSA protocol using algebraic number fields was introduced by Takagi and Naito (Construction of RSA cryptosystem over the algebraic field using ideal theory and investigation of its security. Electron Commun Japan Part III Fund Electr Sci. 2000;83:19–29). Recently, Zheng et al. proposed the use of the ring of algebraic integers of an algebraic number field and the lattice theory to present a high-dimensional form of RSA. The authors claim that their proposal is post-quantum and is significant both from the theoretical and practical point of view. In this article, we prove that the security of Zheng et al.’s scheme is still based on the factorization problem, and we present a practical quantum attack on this proposed scheme, our attack is a quantum polynomial time algorithm that employs Shor’s algorithm as a subroutine.
Hoffnung und Prozessmaterie
Authors: Krebs Moritz
Published: November 2024

Im hier vorliegenden Text geht es um zentrale Motive und die Vorgehensweise Ernst Blochs sowie die Frage, inwiefern ein Rekurs auf Bloch dazu dienen kann, angesichts vielfältiger Krisenkonstellationen in der Gegenwart Möglichkeiten zu emanzipatorischen Veränderungen genauer zu fassen. In systematischer Perspektive werden wesentliche Elemente von Blochs Denken, Grundlagen und Eigenheiten rekonstruktiv dargestellt, um sie philosophisch zu situieren und auf ihre Bedeutung für Gegenwartsdiagnosen und emanzipatorische Transformation hin zu untersuchen. Nach einer Annäherung an Blochs Anthropologie der Phantasie und Hoffnung folgt eine Übersicht über Systematik und Methode. Die weiteren Abschnitte dienen der Explikation der Verschränkung von Anthropologie und Ontologie, des Prozessdenkens und der Materie sowie der Ethik mit verändernder Praxis. Hier werden mögliche Anknüpfungspunkte für eine Aktualisierung Blochs skizziert.
Empirisch widerlegt, nicht anschlussfähig, unzeitgemäß… Fehlt der Soziologie psychischer Störungen ein Paradigma?
Authors: Lathan Monique
Published: November 2024

‚Psychische Störungen‘ sind nicht nur ein Forschungsgegenstand der Psychiatrie oder der klinischen Psychologie. Seit ihren Anfängen widmet sich u.a. auch die Soziologie theoretisch erklärend diesem Thema mit seinen komplexen interaktionalen Dimensionen und von hoher gesellschaftlicher Relevanz. Dennoch haben ihre Beiträge zum interdisziplinären Diskurs im Verlauf der vergangenen Jahrzehnte kontinuierlich an Bedeutung verloren – vor allem in der deutschsprachigen Fachcommunity ist seit einiger Zeit sogar von einer Krise der Disziplin die Rede. Ausgehend von diesem Befund bemüht sich der Artikel um eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme der Soziologie psychischer Störungen sowohl in ihrer Auseinandersetzung mit den Erklärungsmodellen der Psychiatrie als auch in ihrem eigenen theoretischen Kernbestand. Es wird dabei möglichen Gründen für den konstatierten Bedeutungsverlust ihrer vielfältigen Ansätze und Modelle nachgegangen: Hat die Soziologie in ihren Theorien womöglich den Anschluss an die maßgeblichen Befunde der Psychiatrie verpasst? Oder hat sie sich ihnen umgekehrt bis zur Ununterscheidbarkeit angepasst? Sollte sie in pragmatischer Hinsicht ihren Erklärungsanspruch auf diesem Feld gar ganz hinter sich lassen? Der Artikel kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Lösung des Rätsels letztlich in einem bestehenden Reflexionsdefizit innerhalb der eigenen Disziplin zu suchen sein könnte: Im Unterschied zur Psychiatrie hat die Soziologie psychischer Störungen bis heute kein verbindendes Paradigma, das ihre vielfältigen bis disparaten Bemühungen allererst zu einem gemeinsamen Forschungsprogramm zusammenführen und sie damit auch nach außen zu einer Disziplin einen würde. Als ein solches potenzielles theoretisches Zentrum der Soziologie psychischer Störungen wird die Kategorie der sozialen Identität vorgeschlagen.
Wenn aus Routinen Krisen werden
Authors: Raven Uwe
Published: November 2024

Gegenstand dieses Artikels ist die Lebenspraxis alter Menschen im Dritten und Vierten Lebensalter. Es geht dabei um die Frage, ob und ggf. wie sich die Lebenspraxis des autonom handlungsfähigen, mit sich identischen Subjekts alterungsbedingt bzw. im Alter verändert. Unter Verwendung des struktur- bzw. krisentheoretischen Begriffsrahmens Ulrich Oevermanns wird der Aufbau von Handlungsautonomie im frühen Lebensalter und deren Abbau im späten Lebensalter in Form eines Seneszenzprozesses beschrieben. Wird das im Dritten Lebensalter alterungsangepasste autonome Handeln immer häufiger überfordert, manifestiert sich dies in einer zentralen Krise des Vierten Lebensalters, der „Seneszenzkrise“. Deren Bewältigung durch Hilfeleistungen Dritter erfordert enorme private und öffentliche Anstrengungen. Als eine Chance für den Erfolg dieser Bemühungen wird eine Einbettung von singulärer Lebenspraxis im Alter in die Lebenspraxis von Versorgungsgemeinschaften diskutiert.
The structure and properties of monoprotonated propiolamide and diprotonated cellocidin
Authors: Hollenwäger Dirk , Kölbl Niklas , Nitzer Alexander , Bockmair Valentin , Kornath Andreas J.
Published: November 2024

Propiolamide and cellocidin were investigated in superacidic media. In both acetylenic amides, the amide moiety is immediately monoprotonated in anhydrous HF, HF/SbF5 and HF/BF3. An increase of SbF5 does not lead to a more highly protonated species. The salts were characterized by low-temperature Raman, NMR and room temperature IR spectroscopy, as well as by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The experimental data are discussed together with results of quantum-chemical calculations on the M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory, which are consistent with the observation of pure monoprotonation. The second protonation of the amide moiety or the triple bond is not observed due to the high positive charge caused by the monoprotonation.
Breathing Modulates Network Activity in Frontal Brain Regions during Anxiety
Authors: Dias Ana L. A. , Drieskens Davi , Belo Joseph A. , Duarte Elis H. , Laplagne Diego A. , Tort Adriano B. L.
Published: November 2024

Anxiety elicits various physiological responses, including changes in the respiratory rate and neuronal activity within specific brain regions such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Previous research suggests that the olfactory bulb (OB) modulates the mPFC through respiration-coupled oscillations (RCOs), which have been linked to fear-related freezing behavior. Nevertheless, the impact of breathing on frontal brain networks during other negative emotional responses, such as anxiety-related states characterized by higher breathing rates, remains unclear. To address this, we subjected rats to the elevated plus maze (EPM) paradigm while simultaneously recording respiration and local field potentials in the OB and mPFC. Our findings demonstrate distinct respiratory patterns during EPM exploration: slower breathing frequencies prevailed in the closed arms, whereas faster frequencies were observed in the open arms, independent of locomotor activity, indicating that anxiety-like states are associated with increased respiratory rates. Additionally, we identified RCOs at different frequencies, mirroring the bimodal distribution of respiratory frequencies. RCOs exhibited higher power during open-arm exploration, when they showed greater coherence with breathing at faster frequencies. Furthermore, we confirmed that nasal respiration drives RCOs in frontal brain regions and found a stronger effect during faster breathing. Interestingly, we observed that the frequency of prefrontal gamma oscillations modulated by respiration increased with breathing frequency. Overall, our study provides evidence for a significant influence of breathing on prefrontal cortex networks during anxious states, shedding light on the complex interplay between respiratory physiology and emotional processing.
Cátedra de etnoeducación y Estudios Afrodescendientes: Notas para un mestizaje al revés
Authors: Álvarez Calle Davison Humberto , Alzate Tangarife Emanuel , Hernández Martínez Edwin
Published: November 2024

Este relatório apresenta uma série de discussões em torno da educação étnica e da cátedra de estudos afro-colombianos, como cenário de intervenção nos espaços de educação formal e informal para o reconhecimento da interculturalidade étnica que apresenta o país. Para isso, propõe-se uma série de olhares na chave da “miscigenação ao contrário” para (re)pensar a etnoeducação na Colômbia, e os estudos afro-colombianos. O artigo foi elaborado no âmbito da conclusão do seminário sobre Assuntos e Culturas Interdisciplinares, da licenciatura em ciências sociais da Universidade de Antioquia.
Proyecto Minero Conga va Contra Conga no va. Tercera vía, “Parque Mundial Del Oro”
Authors: Vargas Barboza Orestes Diómedes
Published: November 2024

La Minera Yanacocha pretende extraer oro removiendo 92,000 toneladas de tierra por día durante 17 años, lo que resultaría en la destrucción de cinco lagunas (Perol, Azul, Mala, Chailguagón y Chica), 800 bofedales, ruinas y otros recursos naturales. El propósito de este estudio es cuestionar la viabilidad de la extracción de oro mediante la destrucción de lagunas y manantiales, especialmente en un contexto de creciente estrés hídrico a nivel mundial. En su lugar, se propone explorar la posibilidad de reorientar la inversión minera hacia el sector turístico, el cual se considera viable dadas las circunstancias actuales. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, esta investigación se enmarca dentro del tipo de investigación básico y emplea un enfoque cualitativo auxiliado por el método cartesiano de solución del problema, centrándose en el dilema entre la disponibilidad de agua y la extracción de oro. Los resultados obtenidos a través de este estudio han demostrado que el proyecto minero Conga enfrenta una oposición tenaz por parte de la población local, quienes están firmemente comprometidos con la protección de sus recursos hídricos, conocidos como “aguas de Jalca”. En conclusión, se argumenta que la viabilidad del proyecto minero Conga es cuestionable debido a la resistencia de la población local y a las crecientes preocupaciones ambientales y al estrés hídrico mundial. Por lo tanto, se sugiere la necesidad de reorientar la inversión minera hacia una perspectiva turística, proponiendo la creación de un Museo Mundial del Oro como una alternativa más sostenible y respetuosa con el medio ambiente.
Mujeres y grupos domésticos en la modernidad alimentaria. El caso de Atenco, Estado de México
Authors: Palma Tenango María de los Ángeles
Published: November 2024

En este trabajo se presenta un análisis sobre la experiencia y el trabajo de las mujeres, quienes como agentes de cambio respecto a los roles tradicionales de género, ocupan distintas posiciones relacionadas con la cocina local de Atenco. A partir de la perspectiva de género, y de la dimensión simbólica de la alimentación se visibiliza el significativo papel de las mujeres en la pervivencia de una cocina que ha tenido cambios y continuidades en el tiempo. Para dar cuenta de ello, se privilegió la información obtenida en las entrevistas realizadas durante el trabajo de campo. Se concluye que, gracias a las mujeres, gran parte de la resistencia ante el modelo hegemónico de desarrollo y modernidad se materializa en comidas preparadas y consumidas en las unidades domésticas.
“Bien Vivir” Entre el “desarrollo” y la Des/Colonialidad del Poder
Authors: Quijano Aníbal
Published: November 2024

In this essay, one of the last he published, Aníbal Quijano opens the debate on a fundamental issue to understand the world in which we live: the root crisis of the colonial/modern/Eurocentric pattern of power and good living as a historical option for the future . After questioning the development discourse, which sought to modify power relations in Latin America, it examines the new historical period characterized by “the root crisis of the global coloniality of power” and by the emergence of a new resistance that aims at the /coloniality of power. In the midst of the crisis of coloniality/modernity/Eurocentricity, a new horizon of historical meaning is emerging: good living as “the continuous democratic production of social existence” that implies the emergence of another possible world, that is, equality. social, reciprocity in work relationships, communal association as the mode of direct production and management of collective authority.
Ensayo. “Bien vivir”: entre el “desarrollo” y la des/colonialidad del poder, Aníbal Quijano
Authors: Alvira Briñez Yamile
Published: November 2024

Este documento analiza el texto de Aníbal Quijano, “Bien vivir”: entre el “desarrollo” y la des/colonialidad del poder, escrito al finalizar la primera década del siglo XXI. el cual plantea, el sentido del Bien Vivir, como una alternativa hacia la Des/Colonialidad del Poder, un otro modo de existencia social, con su propio y específico horizonte histórico de sentido, radicalmente alternativos, a la Colonialidad Global del Poder y a la Colonialidad/Modernidad/Eurocentrada. Quijano, desarrolla este abordaje, teniendo en cuenta la instauración de la idea del “desarrollo”, la expansión del capital industrial financiero, la crisis raigal de la Colonialidad del Poder, la explotación de la naturaleza, las nuevas resistencias hacia la des/colonialidad del poder, como continua producción democrática de la existencia social, donde ubica las prácticas del Bien Vivir, protagonizadas por pueblos y comunidades originarias racializadas como “indígenas” del “Sur global”.
Impact of coverage and guest residue on polyproline II helix peptide antifouling
Authors: Ahn Rebecca S. , Grome Henry T. , Asaei Sogol , Verma Geeta , Dang Christina S. , Baskaran Harihara , Renner Julie N.
Published: November 2024

Polyproline II (PPII) peptide sequences are recognized as promising biomaterials because of their attractive antifouling properties. However, the mechanisms behind their antifouling behavior have not been fully characterized. In this work we show that PPII peptide coverage, controlled by adsorption time, significantly reduces the fouling of bovine serum albumin (BSA, a model foulant). In addition, guest residues introduced into the PPII sequence are shown to significantly impact BSA adsorption as well as human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spreading. This research will help guide future PPII peptide designs for incorporation into novel biomaterials.

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On the thiamine status of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during its adult life cycle: Dynamics and influencing factors across different populations
Authors:   , Todisco Vittoria
Published: November 2024

Thiamine, or vitamin B1, is an essential micronutrient required for several metabolic processes in living cells. Except for thiamine producers, all organisms rely on dietary intake and insufficient supply can lead to deficiency. Since the 1970s, thiamine deficiency outbreaks have been episodically reported across the Northern Hemisphere, particularly affecting high trophic-level taxa, such as seabirds and top predator fish. Salmonids are especially vulnerable to this deficiency which causes high mortality among offspring. Despite extensive research and several hypotheses proposed, a single underlying cause behind the onset of this deficiency remains unidentified. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of thiamine status of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations across systems with (Baltic Sea) and without (Lake Vänern, North Atlantic Ocean) documented thiamine deficiency events. It explores thiamine dynamics throughout the adult life cycle and potential influencing factors, including diet, fitness variables, and gut microbiota diversity. Results of these analyses were used in a life-history theoretical model for optimal thiamine allocation between tissues. Lake Vänern population exhibited the highest thiamine status, followed by North Atlantic and Baltic Sea populations. These differences might reflect different thiamine availability and diet due to different feeding grounds. However, thiamine status did not correlate with salmon fatty acid profiles, as previously proposed in literature, indicating that other factors might modulate thiamine concentrations. Interestingly, thiamine generally decreased as salmon approached spawning in both Baltic and North Atlantic populations. This reduction, as shown by the data and modelling with and without starvation, was likely a natural consequence of fasting rather than to be related to thiamine deficiency within the system. Moreover, changes in the salmon fatty acid profiles throughout their lifecycle were consistent for both low-thiamine populations (Baltic Sea) and intermediate-thiamine populations (North Atlantic), suggesting that these changes might not be involved in thiamine deficiency development. The gut microbiota analysis revealed that their composition varied across the studied systems, but microbiota species diversity showed little to no relationship to thiamine concentrations. However, thiamine-synthesizing microbial taxa tended to be more prevalent in salmon populations with high and intermediate thiamine status, suggesting a potential role in positively modulating the host’s thiamine status. This research provides novel insights into the thiamine dynamics of Atlantic salmon, highlighting the complexity of factors influencing the thiamine status.
DESACORDO GENUÍNO NO CONCEITO DE JUSTIÇA: UM DEBATE ENTRE KELSEN E DWORKIN
Authors: Gomes Luiza
Published: November 2024

RESUMO O objetivo geral deste artigo é fazer ver que as bases de pensamento filosófico e político do positivismo e do pós-positivismo, embora distintas, possuem semelhanças significativas. Identificaremos tais semelhanças a partir da revisão bibliográfica de duas obras importantes para este debate: Reine Rechtslehre, de Hans Kelsen, e Justice for Hedgehogs, de Ronald Dworkin. A partir da clarificação das semelhanças teóricas, nosso objetivo específico se subdividirá em estabelecer quais são os acordos e desacordos genuínos dessas duas correntes de pensamento em relação ao conceito de justiça que, por via de consequência, nos permitem afirmar como verdadeira a hipótese de que juízos valorativos são sempre morais, e há um valor objetivo moral que os determina, condiciona e justifica. Disso resultará a noção de que a divergência entre o positivismo kelseniano e o pós-positivismo dworkiniano se assenta na metafísica e é, de fato, um desacordo genuíno.
Integration practice of outstanding traditional Chinese culture and ethnic education from the perspective of cultural philosophy
Authors: Chen Lei
Published: November 2024

Abstract: This study delves into the integration of traditional Chinese culture into ethnic education in minority regions. Utilizing a cultural philosophy framework, it investigates how enhancing educational mechanisms and transforming educational philosophies can boost cultural preservation and raise educational quality. By incorporating traditional cultural values into school curricula and activities, the research highlights effective methods for promoting the development and preservation of minority cultures. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study conducted qualitative interviews with educators and stakeholders in ethnic education, supplemented by students’ and educators’ quantitative surveys in minority areas. The findings underscore the importance of culturally informed educational practices in enriching these regions’ both the cultural and educational landscapes.
White oat progenies based on the agronomic ideotype due to response to environmental stimulus
Authors: Pradebon Leonardo Cesar , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Loro Murilo Vieira , Roza João Pedro Dalla
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: The development of a selection strategy and to obtain a precocious white oat progenies, homogeneous for flowering and with additions to panicle grain mass, reconciled to environmental stimuli controlled by air temperature. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Augusto Pestana, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experimental design was in augmented blocks with intermediate control, the regular treatments corresponded to 238 white oat progenies and the common treatment was represented by the commercial control (URS Taura) arranged in three replications. The selection for grains weight per panicle, percentage of flowered plants, days to physiological maturity and accumulation of degrees day are due to a high genetic contribution, which indicated promising selection for these characters already in initial breeding generations. The accumulation of degrees days for physiological maturity defines that 41.94% of the progenies are selected as precocious. The genotype ideotype distance index (MGIDI) selected 20% of the white oat progenies with greater flowering uniformity, less accumulation of degrees days and high potential for grain mass per panicle.
Simulação numérica ortotrópica não linear para monitoramento de ensaios de embutimento de madeira de acordo com a norma europeia BS EN 383 (2007)
Authors: Ribas Junior Amauri da Silva , Criado Tayla Castilho , Souza Alexandre Jorge Duarte de , Molina Julio Cesar
Published: November 2024

RESUMO A maioria dos estudos realizados no Brasil sobre o comportamento de conexões em estruturas de madeira é de natureza experimental, com poucos utilizando análises numéricas baseadas no Método dos Elementos Finitos (FEM). Em testes de embutimento, além de determinar os valores experimentais de resistência, é crucial entender os pontos de concentração de estresse para identificar os principais modos de falha. Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar uma estratégia de modelagem numérica para monitorar o comportamento dos espécimes em testes de embutimento de acordo com a norma BS EN 383: 2007 [1]. Para a simulação numérica, utilizou-se o software ANSYS [2], considerando vários critérios de resistência para os materiais envolvidos. Os modelos incorporaram propriedades elásticas e plásticas dos materiais, obtidas por caracterização experimental em laboratório. Foram realizados testes experimentais de embutimento em espécimes nas direções paralela e perpendicular às fibras, usando pinos metálicos de 6.72 mm de diâmetro para calibração dos resultados numéricos. A estratégia de modelagem numérica proposta permitiu a análise global dos espécimes de teste de embutimento, bem como a investigação de aspectos localizados de interesse, como concentrações de estresse, um fator difícil de quantificar em análises experimentais.
Qualidade da visita domiciliar do agente comunitário de saúde na atenção básica e fatores associados
Authors: Kessler Marciane , Thumé Elaine , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Moro Luiza Carolina , Tomasi Elaine
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade da visita domiciliar do agente comunitário de saúde e os fatores associados. Método: estudo transversal com 38.865 equipes e 140.444 usuários do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica. Estabeleceu-se “qualidade da visita domiciliar” e sua associação com características dos municípios, das equipes e dos indivíduos, estimada pela razão de prevalência e por intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados: 139.362 (99,2%) usuários manifestaram que a equipe de saúde possuía agentes comunitários. A prevalência de qualidade foi de 51,9%. Após ajustes, a prevalência foi maior no Nordeste (Razão Prevalência:1,19 [1,18-1,21]), municípios menores (Razão Prevalência: 1,06 [1,03-1,09]), entre equipes com definição de área (Razão Prevalência: 1,15 [1,06-1,25]), avaliação de indicadores (Razão Prevalência: 1,14 [1,12-1,17]) e satisfação do usuário (Razão Prevalência: 1,11 [1,08-1,13]), que consideraram critérios de risco e de vulnerabilidade para definição da quantidade de pessoas sob responsabilidade (Razão Prevalência: 1,05 [1,04-1,07]) e sem população descoberta de agentes (Razão Prevalência: 1,03 [1,01-1,04]); entre usuários com doenças crônicas (Razão Prevalência: 1,02 [1,01-1,05]) e com alguém no domicílio com dificuldades de locomoção (Razão Prevalência: 1,05 [1,02-1,07]). Conclusão: evidencia-se a importância da organização do processo de trabalho das equipes para a qualidade da visita domiciliar do agente e seu papel na equidade em saúde.
RESILIÊNCIA E MORTALIDADE EM IDOSOS: ANÁLISE DE EQUAÇÃO ESTRUTURAL
Authors: Rodrigues Fernanda Resende , Tavares Darlene Mara dos Santos
Published: November 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar as variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde entre idosos que foram a óbito e os sobreviventes, identificar a resiliência como preditora de mortalidade entre idosos da comunidade e verificar as associações, diretas e indiretas, entre resiliência e mortalidade. Método: estudo quantitativo, longitudinal, realizado com 201 idosos da comunidade, em dois momentos: 2018 e 2022. Utilizaram-se os instrumentos validados no Brasil. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Wilcoxon e análise de modelagem de equações estruturais (p<0,05). Resultados: maior proporção de idosos do sexo masculino (p=0,023), com cinco ou mais doenças (p=0,043); sintomatologia depressiva (p<0,001); autopercepção de saúde negativa (p<0,001), menor participação em atividades avançadas de vida diária (p=0,004) e menor escore de resiliência (p<0,001) foram a óbito em relação aos sobreviventes. O maior escore de resiliência reduziu o risco de mortalidade por todas as causas (p<0,001). O menor escore de resiliência associou-se diretamente à maior mortalidade (p=0,025). Verificou-se que o maior escore de resiliência mediado pela maior participação em atividades avançadas da vida diária (p<0,05) e pela autopercepção de saúde positiva (p<0,05) associaram-se à menor mortalidade. Conclusão: idosos com maior escore de resiliência apresentaram menor risco de mortalidade ao longo do seguimento. A maior participação em atividades avançadas da vida diária e autopercepção de saúde positiva mediaram a relação entre maior escore de resiliência e menor mortalidade.