bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodology development for creating energy-efficient fans for air cooling devices
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Makarov Nikolai , Antropov Leonid ,   Ural State Mining University, Makarov Vladimir ,   Ural State Mining University, Balandin Vitaly ,   Kostanay Minerals JSC
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in the mining and oil and gas sectors of the Russian economy in combination with industrial safety requirements actualizes the task of developing a methodology for creating energy-efficient fans for air cooling devices with a dominant nature-like proportionality. Research methods and materials. The research method for creating adaptive fans is based on the scientific hypothesis of a nature-like proportionality in the aerodynamics of the profiles of the impeller blades. The results of the research. In the course of research, it was established that the most significant source of increasing the efficiency of AVO fan installations is an increase in the aerodynamic quality of the profiles of the blades of their impellers as the range of angles of attack increases. Discussion of research results. The use of modifications of conformal transformations with the proposed hypothesis of nature-like proportionality makes it possible to solve the problem of improving the aerodynamic quality of the blade profiles. Conclusions of the article. The creation of fans based on the principle of nature-like proportionality makes it possible to adequately and simultaneously with minimal energy costs ensure the necessary parameters of the cooling air and the stable efficiency of heat exchangers. Suggestions for practical application and direction of future research. The research results can be obtained when creating and modernizing a wide class of high-speed axial fans.
Scenarios analysis for organizing heat supply in mountain territories based on comprehensive solutions for their sustainable development
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil  Engineering, VERSTINA Natalia , MAKHMUDOVA Dildora ,   Tashkent University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: March 2024

Introduction. In the modern world, planning for the sustainable development of countries at the state level should take into account the economic-geographical position (abbr. – EGP) of the territories, which determines the nature of the organization of their heat supply, which is of particular relevance for mountainous areas. Materials and methods. The starting point of the study was an analysis of the structure of the sustainable development goals (abbr. SDGs), among which five SDGs were selected, interconnected with each other and with the EGP (SDGs 7, 3, 9, 11, 13). To compile the materials, statistics on the countries of the post-Soviet space of the World Energy portal were used. Two main types of energy economy of countries were identified, meeting the needs for heat supply, which are largely determined by the EPG of the territories. Results. It is shown that the organization of heat supply to territories needs to be improved in the context of SDG 7 “Affordable and clean energy”, so the question arises about strategic planning of its scenarios. Based on the results of the study, five scenarios were proposed for selection aimed at the sustainable development of territories: centralized heat supply, the use of traditional decentralized sources, the transition to the use of electricity, the development of renewable energy sources and the transition to nuclear energy. Discussion. In the mountainous areas of the countries studied, the use of one of the proposed scenarios is not possible; a combined scenario for organizing heat supply is required. The authors propose to use an approach based on the method of hierarchy analysis, on the basis of which provisions are formulated for its application in order to plan the sustainable development of mountain areas. Conclusion. Based on the results of the work, conclusions were drawn that reflect the stages of the research, which are based on a scientific and practical approach to the formation and selection of scenarios for organizing heat supply to mountainous areas. Areas of promising practice-oriented research include studying the possibilities of using renewable energy sources (including solar and wind power plants), which are currently little used in heat supply to mountainous areas.
Evaluating Polar Ural landscapes capacity for summer camps of reindeer herders
Authors:   Institute of Water and Environmental Problems  SB RAS, BIRYUKOV Roman , LUBENETS Lilia ,   Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, CHERNYKH Dmitry ,   Altai State University, KOLESNIKOV Roman ,   Arctic Research Center of  the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The purpose of the study was to assess the capacity of the Polar Urals eastern macroslope geosystems (the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) to be used as summer camps for reindeer herders. To do that, a set of tools for geoprocessing of spatial data, including remote sensing data were employed. Materials and methods. The algorithm for modeling the site suitability for reindeer herder camps consisted of several stages: formulation of criteria significant for the camp placement; the transformation (formalization) of each criterion values to the unified scale of suitability; the comparison of criteria and their combining to built a suitability map; the preparation of a digital elevation model (DEM); the preparation of a land cover map based on remote sensing data and field descriptions; the construction of partial (factorial) maps of suitability for reindeer herder camps locations; the construction of a resulting map of suitability for reindeer herder camps location based on a combination of private (factor) maps; the model reliability verification through the comparison of simulation results with actual data on the camps location. In the developed model, we accepted three significant criteria identified from the interviewing of reindeer herders during field studies: a surface slope, a distance to watercourses, and a proximity to forest areas. For the first two criteria, a binary assessment-based scale with two possible options (“suitable” and “unsuitable”) was used. For the third criterion (forest proximity), we applied the fuzzy set function MSSmall. In this case, the related transformation resizes the input data by means of the mean and standard deviation where smaller values in the input raster have a higher preference. Results. In the Polar Urals, the optimal conditions for reindeer herder camps are formed in wide glacial valleys and due to a combination of favorable relief conditions with the presence of numerous water bodies, spread of larch small woods and alder forests. The simulation results are well-supported by the actual data. Suggestions for practical application and direction of future research. The logical structure of the developed model may serve as a basis for repeated step-by-step analysis via original variables replacement. This could be an expansion/replacement of the study area, a time interval extension, an introduction of a number of clarifying criteria, an empirical selection of limiting parameters, the criteria used based on a more in-depth sociological and geographical analysis.
Management of agricultural land use sustainability at the local level using GIS technologies and special map material
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, TATARINTSEV Vladimir , LEBEDEVA Lyudmila ,   Altai State Agrarian University, SYZDYKOVA Guldana ,   LLP GeoTerr, INKAROV Dayan ,   S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical Research University
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study: analysis of geoecological factors and conditions affecting the sustainability of agricultural land use in the forest-steppe zone of the Altai Krai and its assessment. Research methods: The main scientific method of this study was system analysis, which was used to study the agricultural landscape management system. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used to identify structural units of land management, structuring the land information system (LIS) and special cartographic material, as well as studying the structure of agricultural landscapes. We also used the cartographic method in the design of unique map diagrams and information analysis in modeling agricultural land use. Research results. Based on the results of a long-term assessment of the sustainability of three agricultural land uses located in different natural and climatic zones, the conditions and factors that form the basis of the agricultural land use management system using GIS technologies were established. We found out that in order to manage the sustainability of agricultural landscapes, the mandatory information layers included in the data bank of a geographic information system (land information system) must include the following special cartographic materials: maps (scale 1:10000 or 1:25000) – landscape, soil, slope steepness, erosion, types of areas, tracts, lands, as well as the geomorphological profile of the surface. By processing materials with an information system, it is possible to implement at least 10 models for managing the sustainability of agricultural land use, which involve varying the structure of lands, lands, crop rotations, a set of crops, farming systems, a list of agro-, phyto-, reclamation techniques and measures aimed at achieving ecological and economic balance and, as a consequence, the efficiency of use of land resources. Conclusions. 1. Based on long-term spatio-temporal studies of agricultural landscapes of agricultural enterprises, a mandatory set of special cartographic materials of the geographic information system data bank has been determined, aimed at managing the sustainability of agricultural land use. 2. Using unique cartographic materials as an example, the possibility of modeling management scenarios in different natural conditions, characterized by different stability and efficiency, is shown. Modeling of agricultural land use makes it possible to determine capital investments and economic costs (economic and agronomic sustainability) when implementing the selected model, created on the basis of an analysis of the limiting factors of the territory. 3. The results of scientific research can be used in managing the sustainability of agricultural land use at the level of a municipal district and agricultural organization.
Weather and climate aspect of the strategy for sustainable development of mountain ecosystems
Authors:   Kabardin-Balkar Scientific Center of Russian Academy of  Sciences, KHAMUKOV Yuri , KANOKOVA Madina ,   Kabardin-Balkar Scientific Center of Russian Academy of  Sciences
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The results of an analysis of information about threats to the development of civilization from the consequences of global warming and the effectiveness of projects presented to society to prevent it are presented. Research methods and materials. The method of inductive-deductive content analysis of scientific publications on the problems of global warming and the effectiveness of known methods for adjusting the heat balance of the planet was used. Research results. The high sensitivity of the thermal balance of the earth’s shell to cloud albedo and the complex dependence of cloud albedo on combinations of different types of clouds and on the frequency of cyclone formation have been established. Discussion of research results. Projects presented by various initiative groups to prevent global warming are assessed as unpromising. Conclusions on the article. An alternative method for adjusting cloud albedo is presented based on the use of thermoacoustic instability of atmospheric moisture. The method uses not a material substrate, but a phase of acoustic vibrations to influence the atmosphere. As a result, the use of the method is not accompanied by an increase in the entropy of the terrestrial ecosystem. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The application of the acoustic method is carried out in the form of remote initiation in the atmosphere of direct and reverse thermoacoustic effects using narrowly directed acoustic radiation from a ground-based installation and is characterized by high scalability, constant readiness for use and the absence of supporting infrastructure.
Disturbed land restoration in mountain ecosystems
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, YURAK Vera , USMANOV Albert ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The growing volumes of extraction, processing and transportation of minerals in Russia and the world contribute to an increase in disturbed lands, which actualizes the development of new approaches and methods for reclamation work. However, a clear structure of methods for restoring disturbed lands has not yet been developed. Hence the purpose of the work: to explore the world experience in the implementation of traditional and innovative approaches to the reclamation of disturbed lands in order to identify the most promising trends for further research. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the scientific works of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of earth sciences, geo-ecology, physical chemistry, geo-botany and microbiology. Methods of the work are general scientific methods, such as dialectical, historical, analysis, synthesis, comparison, grouping, as well as systematic and empirical approaches. Results and discussion. The study substantiates the identification of two approaches: traditional and innovative; the author’s structure of methods for biological stage of reclamation work has been developed. The traditional approach is characterized by standard, but less effective, labor-intensive, and therefore expensive, methods of reclamation by using a fertile soil layer and potentially fertile rocks with the sowing of perennial grasses, trees and shrubs. An innovative approach is on agenda today. It can significantly reduce the cost of reclamation procedures due to the use of modern technologies and materials for restoring soil fertility and decontaminating pollutants. The innovative approach includes basic methods: 1. Algae; 2. Washing; 3. Bioremediation; 4. Sorbent-oriented. The study offers to improve the term «disturbed lands» in the regulatory field of the Russian Federation in order to take into account, along with the anthropogenic and natural factors. The structure of the disturbed lands of Russia is revealed in the context of the extraction of various types of minerals. Conclusions and offers. The article presents the results of the analysis of the world methodological experience in biological stage of reclamation work. It has been established that both in Russia and abroad, work is underway to improve the biological stage of reclamation. Attention is focused on the method of bioremediation and its sub-method of phytoremediation with the sorbent-oriented method, the combination of which, according to the authors, is of the greatest practical interest. It is revealed that the tasks of using local types of raw materials for the creation of composite sorbents are topical. The authors consider the creation of composite sorbents based on peat, as the most common raw material in Russia, to be a promising direction.
Ionic implantation influence on the properties of cast iron used in the structures of mining machines and devices
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, USANOVA Olga , RYAZANTSEVA Anna ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, SENNIKOVA Olga ,   Moscow Polytechnic University, KORNEEV Sergey ,   Moscow Polytechnic University
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Cast iron is a widely used material in mechanical engineering, mining and other industries. Modification of the surface properties of cast iron by ion implantation is of great interest. Research methods and materials. Samples of cast iron before and after implantation with C+, B+, N+ ions with dose D = 1017 ions/cm2 and energy of 40 keVwere taken for research. All samples were tested for wear resistance; microhardness was also measured and X-ray analysis was performed. Research results. It is shown that cast iron samples after ion implantation had higher wear resistance and microhardness in comparison with the initial state. The increase in hardness of all samples is apparently associated with the presence of a large number of specific radiation defects and the formation of dispersed phases (nitrides, borides, carbides). Discussion of the research results. The study of micro-hardness was carried out to determine the depth of the hardened layer after ion implantation with C+ , B+ , and N+ ions. The highest micro-hardness was detected at the surface of the sample after irradiation with N + ions. The lowest micro-hardness was obtained by B+ ions. X-ray analysis of cast iron samples after implantation by C+ , B+ , and N+ ions with dose D = 1017 ions/cm2 was the fine structure are observed. Conclusion. Ion implantation of cast iron with C+, B+, N+ ions has shown that irradiation leads to: Increased wear resistance of the material; A significant increase in micro-hardness; Changes in the fine structure of the implanted cast iron (mosaic block size and average dislocation density) and the formation of carbides, borides, and nitrides. Resume. The results of the research show that ion implantation of cast iron can significantly increase the wear resistance of various units of machines (parts) and other mining equipment, which ultimately increases their service life. Suggestions for practical application and direction of future research. The shown results allow us to propose the method of ion implantation as a hardening treatment of parts made of cast iron used, in particular, in the mining industry. In order to develop ion implantation as one of the hardening technologies, it would be advisable to continue studying various physical and chemical properties (for example, corrosion resistance) after exposure to ion implantation.
Geomechanical aspects of the gently falling deposits development with inclined walls chambers
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Golik Vladimir , Gabaraev Oleg ,   North Caucasian institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), Kojiev Khambi ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), Khasheva Zarema ,   Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Technologies of extraction of valuable ores with filling of the worked-out space with hardening mixtures provide the best technical and economic indicators of production. Their disadvantage is the dilution of ores by the material of laying mixtures under the influence of natural and technological stresses. Of particular relevance are the issues of use for the management of mining pressure of enrichment waste. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, a set of studies is carried out, including generalization of experience, full-scale measurements of rock mass parameters, laboratory studies and process modeling. The priority direction of solving the problem is the differentiation of the value of the angle of inclination of the cameras on the tab array. Results. It is determined that the efficiency of the full use of the subsoil is increased by optimizing the design of the purification chambers based on the regularities of the extraction of ore reserves in the interface zone with the laying array. It is proposed to combine the rock and hardening bookmark in a single process to increase the efficiency of work, creating volumetric compression conditions in ore-containing arrays that improve its performance, including reducing the dilution of ores. It is shown that the geo-mechanical aspect of combining technologies is to create a jamming zone of rock formations with the formation of a structure capable of withstanding emerging stresses. It was found that the inclination of the walls of the cleaning chambers in contact with the laying array towards the developed space in the range of 5–25 degrees reduces compressive stresses by approximately 1.6 times. Conclusion. Taking into account geodynamic factors when choosing a technology for the development of stressed arrays opens up prospects for replacing expensive components of the filling mixture with recyclable cheap industrial waste. The research results can be used in the improvement of technologies for the extraction of valuable ores at existing enterprises and the design of new technologies for the development of ore deposits, as well as in the educational process.
Neotectonics and geodynamics of the joint zone of the Northern-West Caucasus and Black Sea depression (Gelendzhik Area)
Authors:   Geophysical Institute – the Affiliate of Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makeev Vladimir , Kambolov Dzambolat ,   North Caucasian institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), Revazov Mairbek ,   Geophysical Institute – the Affiliate of Vladikavkaz Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pikulik Elena ,   Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience RAS
Published: March 2024

Relevance of the work. In the junction zone of the neotectonic structures of the North-West Caucasus and the Black Sea depression, structures of different types in strike and morphological-kinematic type are developed. Determining the structural-geomorphological and neotectonic zoning, including modern ones, and its connection with the sources of tectonic forces and stresses is relevant. Such studies are necessary to ensure the geodynamic safety of engineering structures in the city of Gelendzhik, the territory of which is subject to negative geological processes. The purpose of the research is to identify the structural-geomorphological, neotectonic modern zoning with an assessment of the modern geodynamic conditions of its formation in connection with ensuring the safety of engineering drainage routes in the Gelendzhik region. The research method is structural-geomorphological, with the construction of profiles and geomorphological steps with an assessment of their age and deformations. The work used neotectonic and structural-geodynamic approaches aimed at identifying structures and identifying the sources of stress and deformation fields. The research methodology is the recognition of heterogeneity, different ranks and different ages of stresses and deformations. As a result of the work, erosion-denudation stages of different ages and marine terrace levels and neotectonic structures were identified with an assessment of modern geodynamic conditions. For the first time, a cross-structural plan has been established, in which all-Ural and anti-Caucasian structures intersect. Their origin is associated with the superposition of heterogeneous forces and stresses. Compression stress is generated in connection with collision processes of lithospheric plates and microplates (blocks), tension is generated in connection with the activity of the deep East Black Sea geodynamic system. It considers as a mechanism the upper mantle convection directed from the Black Sea depression towards the orogen of the North-Eastern Caucasus. The superposition of faults of different ages and different types on top of each other causes increased activity in them. Late orogenic faults, consistent with early Alpine (early orogenic) reverse faults, are characterized by increased displacement amplitudes and wide dislocation zones. It is dangerous for engineering routes to cross such gaps. The pipeline at the intersection with the zone of active ruptures will be equipped with special hinge-type devices to prevent dangerous deformations in it.
Mudflow processes at the all-season tourist and recreational complex “Mamison”
Authors:   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, ADZHIEV Anatoly , KONDRATYEVA Natalia ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute, KORTIEV Alan ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and  Metallurgy (State Technological University)
Published: March 2024

Introduction. The territory of North Ossetia-Alania has significant potential for recreational development. One of these favorable areas is the high-mountain gorge Mamison, where the Zemegondon and Kozydon rivers merge, which, downstream, form the Mamikhdon River. The government decided to create an all-season tourist and recreational complex “Mamison”. It is planned to create a world-class resort here. Purpose of research. Assessment of mudflow hazard in the area of the “Mamison” and forecast of the dynamics of its development. Materials and methods of research: published scientific and technical information, archival and stock materials, previous reports on engineering surveys on the territory of the “Mamison” were used. The mudflow hazard assessment was carried out using the method of full-scale specialized field survey. Field work to assess mudflow hazard was completed in July 2023. Research results. An assessment of the mudflow hazard at the “Mamison” and the surrounding area revealed: the number of mudflow rivers - 14; morphological type of mudflow sources: incisions, potholes, rocky areas, eroded surfaces; frequency of mudflows - on average once every 3–5 years; mudflow volumes - from 1000 to 50 000 m3 , very rarely (once every 50 years) can exceed 100 000 m3 ; genesis of mudflows - rain, snow-rain and glacial-rain. It has been established that the main influence on mudflow occurrences is exerted by hydrometeorological conditions (snowmelt, precipitation). Based on the results of the study, a mudflow hazard map was created for the territory of the “Mamison” and the adjacent territory, where mudflow channels, mudflow sources, transit zones and mudflow deposits are identified. Conclusion. The territory of the “Mamison” is very dangerous for mudflows. As the recreational development of the region increases, the frequency of mudflows will increase, which will lead to an increase in mudflow hazard. To reduce mudflow activity in the territory under consideration, it is necessary to carry out measures: include in the throughput capacity of hydraulic structures the costs of not only storm runoff, but also mudflows; creation of an effective system for monitoring mudflow conditions.
Enhancing Soil Health and Nutrient availability in Neem Plantations with Organic manures and fertilizers
Authors: Mathivanan M. , Kumaran K. , Tilak M. , Kumar P. , Priyanka V. , Devanand P. S. , Sujatha K. B.
Published: March 2024

Organic farming provides an alternative approach that employs environmentally friendly practices, excluding the use of chemical inputs. Biofertilizers, which contain beneficial microorganisms, present a sustainable solution by enhancing plant growth, improving nutrient availability, and enhancing soil quality while reducing the dependence on synthetic chemicals. In a field experiment at Coromandel International Private Limited, Tirunelveli, various combinations of organic manures and fertilizers with sixteen treatments were used to assess the impact of these combinations on soil physiochemical properties, nutrient status, microbial activities and soil organic carbon. The results demonstrated that the combination of the Azotobacter, Phosphobacteria, VAM, and Vermicompost treatments led to enhancements in soil physicochemical properties, such as pH (6.98), EC (0.28 d Sm− 1) and organic carbon (0. an increase in nutrient availability, including available nitrogen (282.79 kg/ha), phosphorus (75.38 kg/ha), potassium (415.28 kg/ha), micronutrients (Fe-5.69 kg/ha, Zn-0.44 kg/ha, Mn-0.73 kg/ha and Cu-0.48 kg/ha), and the growth of beneficial microorganisms, such as fungi (18.61 × 10− 7 cfu g− 1), bacteria (35.45 × 10− 7 cfu g− 1), and actinomycetes (23.44 × 10− 7 cfu g− 1). The study also revealed positive correlations between nutrient availability and soil organic carbon content and between nutrient availability and microbial populations. These findings underscore the potential of organic farming practices and biofertilizers to contribute to sustainable agriculture.
A post-test experimental study on the effects of message framing and the use of a patient testimonial on intentions of osteoarthritis patients to adhere to treatment advice
Authors: Oomen J. M.H. , Ende C. H. , Schers H. J. , Koëter S. , Assendelft W. J.J. , Das E.
Published: March 2024

Background
Recent findings show that intentions to adhere to conservative treatment of OA are negatively influenced by certain beliefs and rely strongly on testimonies of others. Message framing, i.e., focusing on either gains or losses, and the use of a patient testimonial in educational material are commonly used techniques to influence beliefs, and ultimately, health behaviors.
Objectives
To study the effects of 1) message framing and 2) patient testimonials on osteoarthritis patients’ beliefs about and intentions to be physically active and to use pain medication.
Methods
. Members of a research panel (n = 639) with a self-reported diagnosis of knee OA were after informed consenti, randomly allocated to watching one out of four video messages combining a framing condition (gain or loss-frame) with the use of a testimonial (yes/no). After watching this video, participants completed a questionnaire on attitudes, behavioral beliefs, attitudes towards physical activity and pain medication (1 = completely disagree, 7 = completely agree), and intentions towards physical activity and pain medication (1 = I do not do this now and am not planning doing this, 7 = I am doing this already for more than 6 months). ANOVA was used to assess the main and interaction effects.
Results
A total of 154 respondents completed the questionnaire. Message framing and the use of a testimonial did not impact attitudes, beliefs, or intentions on physical activity. However, loss framing resulted in more positive attitudes towards pain medication (mean (SD) 5.5 (1.6)) than gain framing (mean (SD) 4.9 (1.9), mean difference = 0.6, 95% CI [0.0, 1.1]). Furthermore, the patient testimonial induced more positive pain medication attitudes (mean (SD) 6.0 (1.1)) than the informative control message (mean (SD) 5.0 (1.7), mean difference = 0.9, 95% CI [0.1, 1.6]) when the message used a loss, rather than a gain-frame.
Conclusion
This study suggests that describing the disadvantages of nonadherence to pain medication resulted in more positive beliefs about pain medication than stating the advantages of adherence. The use of a patient testimonial within this loss-frame strengthened the effect. Our findings indicate that the use of framing and testimonials in OA care can matter and that health care providers should be aware of the potential effects of emphasising either gains or losses in communicating with their patients.
Laparoscopic versus open pancreatoduodenectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: protocol of a multicenter, open-label randomized clinical trial (CSPAC-5)
Authors: Liu Xinran , Li Zheng , Zhuo Qifeng , Tang Wenjie , Liu Wensheng , Shi Yihua , Xu Wenyan , Gao Heli , Liu Mengqi , Chen Haidi , Chen Chen , Zhou Chenjie , Ji Shunrong , Xu Xiaowu , Yu Xianjun
Published: March 2024

Background
Surgery remains the only effective potential curative method for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). For borderline resectable PDAC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) can reduce tumor volume, decrease the rate of pathologic lymph nodes, increase the R0 resection rate, and improve disease-free survival and overall survival. Although the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy (LPD) has been established by several randomized controlled trials, there are few reports about the outcomes of LPD versus open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) among borderline resectable PDAC patients after NACT. Further studies are necessary to compare the safety and efficacy of these two surgical techniques following NACT.
Methods
CSPAC-5 is a prospective, multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial. Patients pathologically diagnosed as PDAC receive at least two cycles of NACT after a multidisciplinary assessment. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline resectable status and the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST, version 1.1) are used to evaluate tumor response to NACT. Approximately 120 borderline resectable pancreatic cancer patients will be randomized to receive LPD or OPD in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome is the postoperative complication rate. The trial registration date is March 15, 2021. The study was launched in April 2021 and is expected to complete recruitment within five years, with an estimated completion date of December 2025.
Discussion
CSPAC-5 is a national multicenter randomized controlled trial designed to compare the safety and efficacy of LPD and OPD among patients with borderline resectable PDAC following NACT. The trial results will provide high-level evidence-based guidelines on surgical options for borderline resectable PDAC patients after NACT.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04855331. Registered 22 April 2021, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04855331.
Optimizing the agent decisions for a Cloud actuator using Deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Sankaran Lakshmi , JS Saleema , Suleiman Basem
Published: March 2024

With the increasing use of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques to build intelligent systems, the application of it to real-world problems is rampant. Resource allocation in a cloud environment that need dynamic and auto-scaling features is evolving. The agent-based decisions that are offered by DRL are in use by software robotics. Auto-scaling of resources in cloud applications introduces intelligence to agents thus built by these DRL techniques. Markov decision process as a tool minimizes the target rewards to agents such that auto-scaling of applications is performed by agent decisions. Analysis of optimizing the convergence errors that are measured while the agent performs in an online environment is the challenge. Speedy Q-learning (SQL), Generalized SQL(GSQL) algorithm variants relax the parameter values of convergence with a model-free space. The authors applied heuristic values for one such relaxation parameter in our experiments. The study is an extension of works that introduced GSQL-w, where w is the convergence parameter. The authors designed a new GSQL-wh algorithm that heuristically fixes a value for w optimally in cases with over-utilization of resources. This is presented as a novel solution in this study for cloud resource workloads.
Fusing Pulse and ECG Data for Coronary Heart Disease and Complications Identification
Authors: hong leixin , GUO Rui , WU Wen-jie , YAN Jian-jun , ZHANG Ye-qing , Liu congyin
Published: March 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the potential of combining wrist pulse with limb lead electrocardiogram (ECG) data to develop an identification model for coronary heart disease (CHD) and its associated comorbidities.
Methods: We utilized a pulse-detecting device equipped with a pressure sensor and an ECG sensor to simultaneously collect wrist pulse and limb lead ECG signals from patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and various comorbidities, including hypertension and diabetes. Time-domain analysis was applied to extract features such as time-domain parameters and pulse rate variability from the wrist pulse signals, as well as time-domain parameters and heart rate variability from the limb lead ECG signals. We implemented the random forest (RF) machine learning algorithm, to establish disease identification models based on these features, and evaluated their performance.
Results: The results indicated that the disease identification model which incorporated features from both pulse and ECG signals, exhibited improvements of 1.99%, 3.13%, 3.78% and 3.32% in terms of accuracy, average precision, average recall and F1 value, respectively, when compared to the model based solely on pulse features. Furthermore, when compared to the ECG-based model, the results were improved by 3.99%, 3.13%, 3.78% and 3.32% respectively.
Conclusions: The fusion of information from multiple sources enhances the reliability of decision-making of the system. This approach presents a novel method for managing cardiovascular diseases and offers insights into the application and promotion of wearable pulse-detecting products.
Identification and the origin of GAA expansion in FGF14 (Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 27B): an insight from Indian subcontinent suggests an ancient origin
Authors: De Tiyasha , Sharma Pooja , tech BharathramUpilli B. , MSc Vivekanand A , Sonakar Akhilesh Kumar , Srivast Achal Kumar , Faruq Mohammed
Published: March 2024

Background: The ethnic diversity of India provides a unique opportunity to study the history of the origin of mutations of genetic disorders. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 27B (SCA27B), a recently identified dominantly inherited cerebellar disorder is caused by GAA-repeat expansions in intron 1 of Fibroblast Growth Factor 14 (FGF14). Being predominantly reported in European population, we aimed to screen this mutation and to study the founder haplotype of SCA27B in Indian ataxia patients.
Methods: We have undertaken screening of GAA repeats in a large Indian cohort of ~1400 uncharacterized ataxia patients and kindreds and long-read sequencing based GAA repeat length assessment. High throughput genotyping based haplotype analysis was also performed. We also utilized ~1000 Indian genomes to study the GAA at-risk expansion alleles.
Findings: We report a high frequency of 1.83% (n=23) of SCA27B in the uncharacterized Indian ataxia cohort. We observed several biallelic GAA expansion mutations (n=5) with younger onset of the disease. We observed a risk haplotype (AATCCGTGG) flanking FGF4-GAA locus over a 74 kb region in linkage disequilibrium. We further studied the frequency of this risk haplotype across diverse geographical population groups. The highest prevalence of the risk haplotype was observed in the European population (29.9%) followed by Indians (21.5%). The observed risk haplotype has existed through ~1400 generations (~28000 years), assuming a correlated genealogy.
Interpretation: Through this study, we highlight the insights gained about SCA27B and its Caucasian origin in the Indian subcontinent. Occurrence of biallelic expansion is probably more due to endogamous nature of Indian population.
Targeted long-read sequencing identifies missing pathogenic variant in unsolved 11β-hydroxylase deficiency
Authors: Liu Jidong , Tian Huihui , Jin Xinchen , Wang Yanxiang , Zhang Zhenhong , Li Mengxue , Dai Lulu , Zhang Xiaoli , Jiang Ling
Published: March 2024

Purpose 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11β-OHD), caused by homozygosity or compound heterozygosity CYP11B1 mutations, is the second most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Due to the high degree of sequence identity between CYP11B1 and CYP11B2, chimeric genes, and complex structural variants (SVs), the conventional approach to gene testing for 11β-OHD is facing challenges. The study aimed to clarify the underlying genetic causes of two siblings of a Chinese family with 11β-OHD.
Methods Peripheral blood samples and clinical information were collected from subjects and their family members. Sex steroid concentrations were measured using LC-MS/MS. Long-range PCR-based next-generation sequencing (NGS), PCR assay and target long-read sequencing were used to detect the pathogenic mutations.
Results Early onset hypertension, increased serum levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), progesterone, testosterone, and decreased cortisol and potassium were detected in both affected siblings. Long-range PCR-based NGS identified a heterozygous missense mutation (NM_000497.4:c.281C>T, p.Pro94Leu) in CYP11B1 gene in the two siblings. PCR detected no chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 gene. We finally identified a second pathogenic variant in CYP11B1 gene via target long-read sequencing (T-LRS). This novel variant was a deletion-insertion mutation and located chr8:143957269-143957579 (hg19) with the insertion of ‘ACAG’ (NM_000497.4:c.954+78_980delinsACAG), which was in trans with CYP11B1: c.281C>T.
Conclusion Our study suggests that the integrated long-range PCR-based NGS and T-LRS seem to be the most reliable and accurate method for 11β-OHD genetic diagnosis and carrier sequencing.
Analysis of the predictive value of insulin resistance for osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly non-type 2 diabetic population
Authors: Zhu Qian , Zhou Yan , Sun Silu , Tao Simin , Xi Xiaoyan , Jiang Tao , Zhang Haiyu , Cai Hang , Li Hui
Published: March 2024

Background
With the deepening of the aging of the population, the incidence of osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly people is increasing. As a degenerative disease with damaged bone microstructure, decreased bone mass and decreased bone density, osteoporosis is characterized by high disability rate and high mortality. Therefore, the early prediction and diagnosis of osteoporosis is particularly important. Previous studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between insulin resistance and bone mineral density and osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, there is a lack of attention on the correlation between insulin resistance and bone metabolism in healthy populations. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between three insulin resistance measures and bone mineral density, and to compare their value in predicting middle-aged and elderly non-type 2 diabetes.
Methods
In this study, the general data, bone mineral density, blood routine, lipid metabolism and other clinical data of 700 Chinese middle-aged and elderly non-type 2 diabetes patients were collected, and the patients were divided into osteoporosis group (n = 149) and non-osteoporosis group (n = 551). spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between three insulin resistance metabolic indexes and bone mineral density. The relationship between insulin resistance and osteoporosis was analyzed by binary logstics regression. ROC curve was used to compare the predictive value of METS-IR, TyG-BMI index and TG/HDL-C Ratio in osteoporosis.
Results
Spearman correlation showed that METS-IR, TyG-BMI index and TG/HDL-C Ratio were positively correlated with L1-L4 BMD, femoral neck BMD and hip BMD. Binary logstics regression analysis showed that METS-IR was related to the occurrence of osteoporosis. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, serum total protein, serum albumin, serum creatinine, uric acid and total cholesterol, the correlation between METS-IR and osteoporosis still existed. ROC curve analysis showed that these three indexes of insulin resistance metabolism had certain predictive value in osteoporosis, among which METS-IR had the highest diagnostic value in osteoporosis.
Conclusions
METS-IR, TyG-BMI index and TG/HDL-C Ratio were correlated with BMD at all sites.The predictive value of METS-IR was better than TG/HDL-C Ratio and TyG-BMI index in osteoporosis.
On certain issues related to the place of lithodynamic processes in the general classification of geologic hazards and phenomena
Authors: Rybalko A. E. , Shcherbakov V. A. , Ryabchuk D. V. , Ivanova V. V. , Zhamoida V. A. , Slichenkov V. I. , Kotov S. R. , Sergeev A. S.
Published: March 2024

The article addresses issues related to the study of lithodynamic processes on the shelf as dangerous phenomena. On the example of the coastal zones of South Sakhalin where hazardous exogenous processes on the shelf are state-monitored, it is shown that an annual redistribution of bottom sediment accumulation and erosion zones occurs within the identified key areas. Other examples from the practice of similar works in the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea indicate that lithodynamic processes in the coastal zone lead to a significant disturbance of the coast, which poses a specific danger to the population. It is concluded that lithodynamic processes should be studied via standard lithological and geophysical methods used in marine geological work.
The impact of surprise guerilla marketing on customer behavior
Authors: Alsheikh Layla
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of guerilla marketing (i.e., guerilla ambient marketing and guerilla sensation marketing) on customer behavior (i.e., customer purchase intention and customer brand attitude). The survey was held in May 2023; the questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of 450 customers of three malls in Jeddah city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The analysis was conducted by IBM SPSS and AMOS using 344 retrieved responses. Exploring research factors, confirming goodness-of-fit, and testing the hypothesized effects, the results indicated that both dimensions of guerrilla marketing had significant effects on both dimensions of customer behavior. However, the effect of ambient marketing on customer purchase intention was greater than its effect on customer brand attitude. Conversely, the effect of sensation marketing on customer brand attitude was greater than its effect on customer purchase intention. The paper concludes that ambient marketing has more power to boost customer purchase intention in comparison with sensation marketing, which is suitable for elevating customer brand attitude. For that, enterprises are required to try nonconventional marketing practices such as guerilla marketing in order to change customer behaviors. Further studies should use other dimensions of guerilla marketing and target more customers from different locations.
VEKOLÎNEK LI SER ROMANA KURDÎ YA KAFKASYAYÊ (Mînakên Hewarî, Gundê Mêrxasan û Hopo)
Authors: ATLI Hikmettin
Published: March 2024

Wêje û ax digel ku wekî du têgehên ji hev dûr xuya dikin jî, her tim bandor li hev kirine û ev bandor ji aliyek ve karaktera wêjeyê diyar kiriye û ji aliyê din de watedayinên têgiha axê li gorî nêrînên xwe fireh an teng kiriye. Mebesta me ji têgiha axê ev e ku ew axa ku komeke civakê li serê dijî, bi têkiliya xwe ya bi wê re jiyanek ava dike û ji encama vê têkiliya hevberî çand derdikeve meydanê, ku ev çand li ser zemînê erdnîgariyekê ava dibe. Digel ku pirî caran em welatan ji axeke yekpare teşekulbûyî dizanin jî ya rast di nava sînorên welatekî de gelek erdnîgariyên serbixwe an jî ji hev cuda hene ku carina çanda wan wekî çanda du miletên cuda ji hev dûr e. Ev ne realîteyeke wilo ye ku divê em veşêrin an nebînin. Lewre veşartina her realîteyê di têgihîştina civakê û ferdên wê civakê de kêmsiyekê peyda dike. Herêma Kafkasyayê tevî paşxaneya Serhedê, yek ji wan herêman e ku em dikarin wê wekî herêmeke xwerû îfade bikin lê digel vê xwerûtiyê ew di nava xwe de jî xwedî gelek taybetmendiyên ji hev dûr e. Folklor, Êzdyatî, Sîstema Sovyetê, Serhildan hin têgeh in ku bêtirî di nava vê erdnîgariyê de û bi periyodeke dîrokî ve girêdayî watedar dibin. Wêjeya ku li Kafkasyayê der çûye û romanên ku hatine nivîsîn di nava vê realîteyê de bi van têgihan nixumîne ku ev hemî me ber bi dem û devereke taybet ve dibin.