bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modern chinese students at russian universities: Compiling summary portrait of cultural and linguistic personality
Authors: Elistratov Vladimir Stanislavovich , He Yanli
Published: January 2025

The subject of the research is that the article attempts to create a summary portrait of the cultural and linguistic personality of a Chinese student in modern Russian universities. The connection of the Chinese cultural and linguistic personality with the archetypal elements of the national image of the world determines its constant components with all changes in individual properties and qualities. At the same time, existing explicit or implicit stereotypes may be only part of a generalized portrait. The Chinese cultural and linguistic personality is based on a property that is often formulated by Sinologists as vitalism. The vitality of the modern Chinese audience is explored in connection with such phenomena as "gelotocentrism" and "phagocentrism", dating back to the traditional Chinese worldview. "Gelotocentrism" allows us to understand why laughter becomes one of the dominants of the psychological atmosphere in the classroom, as well as to identify the effectiveness of "laughter didactics" at various stages of learning. Various methods were used in the course of the research, including observation, literature analysis, historical and literary research, comparative and discourse analysis. "Phagocentrism" is not just "filling the stomach", but a peculiar form of possession of higher knowledge, a mental "orientation in the space of Being". In addition, for Chinese living in Russia, food is one of the most effective ways to solve adaptation problems and relieve psychological stress. The relevance of the research is determined by the novelty of the approach, since the novelty shows that phage therapy and gelotherapy are considered as the most important modes of human existence, and their significant role in the philosophy of education is emphasized. Tracing the connection between the history of Chinese culture and its current state in the aspect of international education, the study demonstrates that associative-sympathetic thinking is directly related to the vitalistic perception of the world. Vitalism, in turn, presupposes "holism" as an integral form of mastering reality.
Assessment of Annoyance of Traffic Noise Based on Residents’ Subjective Evaluations and Actual Noise Measurements in Environment
Authors: Ławniczak Paulina , Orczyk Malgorzata
Published: January 2025

The aim of the article is to assess the traffic noise on one of the main streets in the city of Poznań. The authors chose to discuss the topic of evaluating the impact of the sound phenomena that is generated by vehicles in urbanized areas. This decision resulted from the fact that approximately 20% of the EU population live in places where permissible noise levels are exceeded – both during the day and at night. The selected street for the study is precisely such a location; it is characterized by a very high volume of vehicle traffic throughout the day (a road that leads out of the city toward Warsaw) and residential buildings close to it. The research involved residents’ subjective assessments of noise as well as actual noise measurements. The survey addressed issues that were mainly related to residents’ perceptions of the sound phenomena on the street, while the second stage of the research focused on actual noise measurements. A 24-hour measurement of noise and traffic intensity was conducted on the selected street. The results that were obtained in this way allowed for an assessment of the acoustic climate considering applicable regulations and the residents’ experiences. The experimental studies showed that, on Warszawska Street, the equivalent sound levels exceed 71 dB during the day and 68 dB at night. In the survey, 33% of the respondents indicated that living on this street was bothersome due to the noise, with it being most disruptive during the night hours (10:00 p.m.–6:00 a.m.) according to 26% of the responses, and between 12:00 noon and 6:00 p.m. according to 31% of the responses.
Analysis of Selected Indicators that Are Useful in Assessing Farming Conditions in Agriculture on Example of Masovian Voivodeship
Authors: Karabin-Zych Magdalena
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research was to analyze selected indicators that may be useful in assessing the farming conditions of agriculture in municipalities as well as assessing the agricultural production spaces. The indicators that were selected for analysis were considered in the literature to be among the most important indicators that allowed for the assessment of the above-mentioned conditions; these were the agricultural production space valorization index (WWRPP), the soil valuation index (WBG), the forest cover index, the number of tractors per 100 ha of agricultural land, the numbers of farm animals in large head index (PL) per 100 ha of agricultural land, and the share of the agricultural farms that owned land in ten or more plots in their total areas. The study of the distribution values of the above-mentioned indicators covered municipalities that are located in Masovian Voivodeship.The obtained research results showed in which municipalities there were barriers to the development of agriculture – in which municipalities there were large forest covers, soils of poor quality, low levels of mechanization, and high fragmentations of land. The identified strengths and weaknesses in terms of farming conditions in agriculture can be used, for example, by local authorities. The selected set of indicators is an open set and can be expanded with further indicators; with the selection of an appropriate methodology, it can be used to assess the farming conditions in the agricultural areas of the individual municipalities.
Efecto de la forma (NH4+ o NO3-) y momento de aplicación de fertilizantes nitrogenados en el establecimiento de arándano Vaccinium corymbosum L. en macetas en el Sur de Chile
Authors:   , Rojas Mego Krystel Clarissa
Published: January 2025

El arándano es de importancia económica para Chile, demanda mejoras en el rendimiento y calidad de fruta. El suministro de una determinada forma de N y su momento de aplicación es un factor importante para responder a esta demanda. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de la fertilización como amonio (NH4+) o nitrato (NO3-) y el momento de aplicación (M1, M1M2 y M2), en variables de crecimiento, partición y composición mineral de los diferentes componentes de plantas de V. corymbosum cv. ‘Blue Ribbon’ cultivadas en macetas. El diseño experimental fue un factorial con seis tratamientos y un control sin aplicación de N. Los resultados mostraron mejor respuesta en el crecimiento de largo de brotes, biomasa de hojas y contenido de N cuando se aplicó N versus sin aplicación de N (control). Además, NH4+ presentó mejor respuesta en el crecimiento de brotes y biomasa de hojas. En cuanto al momento de aplicación, la forma NO3- produjo el mayor contenido de N por planta en M2 y la forma NH4+ produjo la mayor biomasa foliar en M1M2. La biomasa de hojas en el M2 para NH4+ y NO3- fue similar.
Reconocimiento judicial de derechos implícitos : las exigencias del Estado Constitucional de Derecho
Authors:   , López Ríos Beatriz Elena
Published: January 2025

La teoría constitucional se ha centrado en los últimos años en discutir acerca de las dificultades que guarda la interpretación de las normas iusfundamentales (dificultad que se agrava en los casos difíciles) y en la respuesta que corresponde dar al juez a aquella problemática. Es en ese contexto que ha aflorado en las últimas décadas la problemática asociada el reconocimiento judicial de los llamados derechos implícitos. A través de esta práctica los tribunales han venido reconociendo nuevos derechos distintos de aquellos señalados expresamente por las constituciones. Ahora bien, el reconocimiento de dichos derechos ha significado también la imposición judicial de nuevas obligaciones correlativas tanto al Estado como a los particulares. Por esta razón busca realizarse un estudio que revise la forma en la que los jueces que ejercen jurisdicción constitucional han reconocido derechos implícitos y defina cuáles son las exigencias necesarias para que dicho reconocimiento exista en armonía con las demandas del ECD. La novedad de la presente investigación radica en que la mayoría de los estudios acerca de derechos implícitos se han centrado en determinar la naturaleza jurídica de su reconocimiento y no en definir y tratar las tensiones que aquel reconocimiento genera con el modelo de ECD.
E-liderazgo en contexto escolar: antecedentes para la comprensión conceptual desde una revisión sistemática de la literatura (RSL)
Authors:   , Fadic Allendes Fabián
Published: January 2025

Como alternativa de solución a las medidas tomadas por los gobiernos del mundo de cerrar las escuelas, el foco se centró en el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información (TIC) (Picón et al., 2020). Esta estrategia ha puesto a prueba a todas las instituciones y sus equipos directivos en el uso de las TICs, tanto para comunicarse, liderar y enseñar. Este avance en la implementación y metodología del uso de las TICs en la educación se seguirá usando, por lo tanto, es necesario abrir nuevos campos de investigación analizando su impacto y beneficios en el liderazgo y gestión organizacional en educación, como también su impacto en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se analizaron 23 artículos que poseen y se relacionan con el concepto específico de e-liderazgo en contextos escolares. A través de una búsqueda exploratoria del concepto de liderazgo virtual, se elaboró un esquema que muestra diversas características y tipos de liderazgo virtual. Este esquema se contrastó con la evidencia científica en contextos escolares para elaborar una caracterización del liderazgo virtual en contextos educativos escolar. La pregunta de investigación que buscó responder este estudio fue la siguiente: ¿Cuáles son las conceptualizaciones de e-liderazgo en contextos educativos escolares en publicaciones científicas desde 1998 hasta junio de 2021? Como resultado se evidencia y refuerza que este concepto es multidimensional, logrando un esquema específico en el área de educación escolar.
Evaluación de las preferencias de las personas y factibilidad económica del reúso de aguas grises: un caso de estudio de la Región Metropolitana de Chile
Authors:   , Cepeda Moya Fernanda Pascal
Published: January 2025

La sequía junto a otros factores como el creciente aumento de la población y los impactos del cambio climático han generado incertidumbre en la disponibilidad de agua. De esta manera, el objetivo general de la investigación fue identificar las preferencias de las personas en relación con la reutilización de aguas grises y evaluar la factibilidad económica de su operación en diferentes escalas residenciales (condominio de casas, edificio entre 2 a 7 pisos, y edificio entre 8 a 25 pisos), en la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Para lograr esto, se realizó un experimento de elección y los atributos estudiados fueron: organismo responsable de la gestión del reúso, disminución de consumo de agua potable y aumento en gastos comunes. Así mismo, se evaluaron dos escenarios: i) situación actual sin racionamiento de agua potable; y ii) situación con racionamiento de agua potable. Los resultados fueron utilizados para determinar la disposición a pagar (DAP) y el incentivo requerido para promover la reutilización (IPR). Por último, se calcularon los costos de operación y mantención (OPEX) de proyectos de reutilización, para evaluar su viabilidad económica. La DAP sin racionamiento de agua fue de 63.750, 50.968 y 40.783 CLP/mes/vivienda para las escalas de condominio de casas, edificio de 2 a 7 pisos y edificio de 8 a 25 pisos, respectivamente. Para las tres escalas, bajo el escenario de racionamiento, la DAP incrementó entre un 73% y 120%, lo que muestra que las personas valoran esta actividad como una opción para mejorar su seguridad hídrica. El análisis de viabilidad económico basado únicamente en los elementos tangibles resultó negativo en todas las alternativas. Sin embargo, al incorporar la DAP, la reutilización de aguas grises se evidencia como una alternativa económicamente viable para todas las escalas, excepto en condominios de casas bajo el escenario sin racionamiento de agua.
Fractured geothermal reservoirs: a numerical modeling from the Nevados de Chillán case study
Authors:   , Oyarzo Céspedes Isa Paz Belén
Published: January 2025

Una mejor comprensión de los reservorios geotérmicos es relevante debido a su impacto en la transición energética. Los modelos numéricos proporcionan herramientas para simular el comportamiento de un reservorio en distintas condiciones, como cambios en el flujo de fluidos o la temperatura. Ayudan a predecir la sostenibilidad a largo plazo de los recursos geotérmicos y a diseñar plantas geotérmicas. Sin embargo, los reservorios fracturados pueden desviarse significativamente del modelo idealizado porque la permeabilidad relacionada con las fracturas es muy variable y heterogénea. Para comprender el comportamiento de los reservorios fracturados, se utilizó como caso de estudio el Sistema Geotérmico Nevados de Chillán (NChGS) en la Zona Volcánica Sur de los Andes. El NChGS está alojado en rocas volcánicas y graníticas con fallas regionales asociadas al complejo volcánico adyacente. La hipótesis principal es que las fallas regionales y locales aumentan la permeabilidad secundaria proporcionando un sistema geotérmico localizado y controlado por el comportamiento del reservorio fracturado. Se propone un modelo conceptual 2D de 3 km de profundidad, que representa un reservorio granítico altamente fracturado con múltiples fallas subverticales profundas y una capa sello desarrollada en las lavas alteradas que contienen una falla superficial de bajo ángulo. Luego, se realiza un modelo termo-hidráulico con COMSOL Multiphysics®, gobernado por la ecuación de transferencia de calor y la ley de Darcy. Los resultados del comportamiento de las isotermas y la distribución del flujo de calor en el reservorio fueron consistentes con el enfoque teórico e indican un comportamiento convectivo en la zona del reservorio y un flujo de calor base de 0,102 W/m2 , con un peak local de hasta 0,740 W/m2 en la zona de falla superficial. Los modelos sugieren tiempos de residencia del fluido hidrotermal de unos 15 ka para alcanzar el estado estacionario. También se muestra cómo la permeabilidad en el reservorio altamente fracturado es uno de los parámetros más complejos y sensibles de estimar. Por último, utilizando el método volumétrico, se obtuvo una estimación del potencial geotérmico en el NChGS de 39 ± 1 MWe, ligeramente superior a la sugerida en estudios anteriores.
Material educativo de promoción de relaciones de pareja saludables: experiencias tempranas adversas y su influencia en relaciones de pareja
Authors:   , Gorostegui Pellicer Marilen Begoña
Published: January 2025

El propósito del proyecto es crear un material audiovisual psicoeducativo destinado a contribuir a la promoción de relaciones de pareja saludables en nuestra sociedad. La temática del material refiere al abordaje de las consecuencias negativas potenciales de las experiencias tempranas adversas en la infancia que pueden impactar en una relación de pareja en la adultez. Dentro de los contenidos incluidos en el material se consideró, una definición del concepto de experiencias adversas en la infancia explicada de manera accesible para un público general, dar cuenta de los potenciales efectos en la diada romántica considerando la evidencia científica actualizada, y finalmente, se destaca la importancia de consultar oportunamente a profesionales de la salud mental especializados en temáticas vinculadas a la vivencia de adversidades tempranas para contrarrestar los potenciales efectos de dichas experiencias. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se siguieron cuatro etapas: 1. realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre la relación entre experiencias tempranas adversas y su efecto en relaciones de pareja; 2. elaboración de un guion inicial del material educativo (borrador); 3. evaluación de los contenidos y forma de comunicar los mismos de una versión borrador del material educativo por parte de potenciales usuarios y expertos en la temática de pareja; 4. elaboración del material educativo definitivo integrando las tres fuentes de información, información bibliográfica, evaluación usuarios y expertos.
Gestão de processos judiciais para o enfrentamento da judicialização massificada de conflitos: abordagem dos stakeholders
Authors: Tesseroli Angelo Ricardo Tesseroli , Lima Luciano Ferreira de
Published: January 2025

O ajuizamento massificado de conflitos no judiciário brasileiro reclama um aperfeiçoamento dos métodos de gestão processual, especialmente quanto à atuação das Secretarias Judiciais, possibilitando melhorar a administração do volume de processos que envolvem muitas vezes a mesma temática, sem que isso represente grandes prejuízos ao andamento das demais ações que hodiernamente tramitam perante o sistema judiciário. Existem hoje muitos incentivos para o ajuizamento massificado de conflitos, e isso acontece especialmente quando estamos diante da relação entre as instituições bancárias e seus correntistas, onde a facilidade de crédito encanta um grande número de pessoas sem necessariamente prepará-las para o uso adequado desses recursos. O presente estudo pretende, portanto, investigar as soluções para a gestão da judicialização massificada dos conflitos, bem como analisar o que ela representa para o gerenciamento do volume de processos, para a gestão de recursos humanos, para a organização judiciária e para conduta das partes envolvidas no processo judicial. Para tanto, nos serviremos da Teoria dos Stakeholders e suas contribuições para identificação dos atores envolvidos neste processo. A Teoria dos Stakeholders investiga o modo como dinamicamente se estabelecem relações de interesse, interferência e influência dos grupos que interagem com a instituição. Pretende-se evidenciar que as demandas de massa representam uma dificuldade na rotina das Unidades Judiciais, reclamando mecanismos padronizados de gestão processual no enfrentamento das demandas de massa.
Bio-efficacy Studies of Unique in Relation to Growth, Yield and Shelf Life of Super Sonaka Grape Variety Grown in Sangli Region of Maharashtra
Authors: Somkuwar R. G. , Landage Sadashiv , Gharate P. S. , Karande P. S. , Kakade P. B.
Published: January 2025

The effect of Unique (bio-stimulant) was studied on yield and quality of Super Sonaka, elongated grape variety by applying different doses through foliar sprays (20, 25 and 30 ml/L) at five key stages of growth (12-13 days after fruit-pruning, 23-25 days after fruit-pruning, at 75-100% flowering, at 100% fruit set (2 mm berry size) and 8-10 days after fruit set). Among the different treatments, the foliar application of 30 ml/L significantly improved several growth and yield parameters including leaf area (163.1 cm²), average bunch weight (580.5 g), 50-berry weight (200.18 g), berry length (28.4 mm), berry diameter (17.2 mm) and yield (20.92 kg/vine) respectively. Biochemical attributes like phenol content (0.54 mg/g), protein (14.9 mg/g), reducing sugar (297.3 mg/g), calcium (48.9 ppm) and phosphorus (0.315%) were also improved with reduction of post-harvest loss (PLW) upto 5.2%. Additionally, the pedicel and skin thickness increased to 0.560 mm and 0.186 mm, respectively. Therefore, the foliar application of 30 ml/L of Unique at these five stages is recommended to optimize both the quality and yield of Super Sonaka grapes.
The Influence of Police Officer Competence on Community Satisfaction through Public Service Quality in Driver's Licence Services at Limboto Police Station
Authors: Maharani Rizha Firmawati , Abdussamad Zuchri , Kamuli Sukarman
Published: January 2025

Limboto District Police is one of the service centers for driver's license issuance that has a working area in Gorontalo Regency. Public satisfaction is a very important performance indicator, because it concerns the sense of security and protection felt by the community. This study aims to determine the role of police apparatus competence on public satisfaction in driver's license service at Limboto Police Station. This research was conducted from August to December 2024. This research uses a quantitative approach in obtaining data. The research method is expost facto and correlational research design. The sample in the study was 100 people. The data analysis technique used is SEM-PLS. Based on hypothesis testing, it is known that the competence of police officers has a significant effect on the quality of service for making driver's licenses and has no effect on public satisfaction. Service quality has a significant effect on public satisfaction in the service of making driving licenses. The competence of police officers through the quality of public services has a significant effect on public satisfaction in driver's license services at Limboto Police Station. The positive and significant effect shows that the quality of public services is a good intervening variable (mediation) or is able to increase the influence of the competence of police officers on community satisfaction in driver's license services.
Application of Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test to Evaluation of Population Distrbution by Age in Single Years
Authors: E. C. Nwogu, , P. N. Olewuezi, , U. Bassey,
Published: January 2025

This study examines the evaluation of population distribution by sex and age in single years. The aim is to assess the validity of the assumption that when data on population by age in single years is correctly reported then the population is uniformly distributed among end digits. The data used is a secondary data derived from the census populations reported by age in single years from Nigeria, Ghana, Indonesia and United State of America. Measures of digit preference are computed using the Ramachandran Index (RI), one of the most commonly algebraic methods of evaluation of age data in single years. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the Goodness-of-Fit of the discrete uniform distribution to the distribution of population among end digits in the selected countries. The results of the analyses show that the null hypotheses were all rejected at 1% level of significance, indicating that the distribution of population among the 10 end digits is not uniform for both sexes in all the selected countries. In other words, the distribution of population by age in single years in none of the countries studied is completely free from digit preference/avoidance. The study therefore, recommends that the age data should be adjusted for the error of digit/avoidance before using them for further estimation of demographic parameters or at least used with caution.
Basic Education and Its Impact for Career Development Goals among Adult Learners’ in Tanzania
Authors: Mwaibingila Godson , Malingumu Winfrida , Mrema Karoli
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of basic education attainment for career development among adult learners’ in Rukwa region, Tanzania, revealing the academic performance of adult learners in basic education in Tanzania, and exploring the influence of adult academic performance for their career development goals in Tanzania. Andragogy and Social cognitive career theory applied. The study employed mixed methods and used a correlational design for the quantitative component. The target population was 506 respondents. The study used a sample of 230 respondents. The adult learners were randomly selected while adult Learning center coordinators were purposively sampled from Rukwa region adult learning center included in the study. The data were collected through Questionnaire administration with predominantly closed-ended questions conducted to 222 adult learners. In-depth interviews were conducted with an interview guide to 8 adult learning center coordinators and a documentary analysis. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics in terms of percentages and frequencies with the aid of IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences v26. Thematic analysis was also conducted for qualitative data. The findings revealed that most of the adult learners have career goals that require a basic education. Despite such needs, adult learners have poor academic performance, which does not support their career development goals. The study concludes that adult learners enroll in basic education programs with the aspiration to enhance their academic qualifications and unlock better opportunities, the disappointing outcomes point to systemic issues within the education framework. The study suggests that the government should develop a digital monitoring system to streamline adult education programmes, emphasis should be placed on special curriculum development for adult basic education, improving teaching methodologies, providing learner-centric resources, and ensuring that the programs are both accessible and relevant to the learners’ career aspirations. Further studies be developed on an integrated curriculum for adult learners in basic education.
Cassava Utilization for Noodles Production: A Mini Review
Authors: Zongo Assana Pingdwendé , Tankoano Abel , Tapsoba Fidèle W. , Sawadogo-Lingani Hagrétou
Published: January 2025

The increasing cost of wheat flour in countries where it is not grown leads to researching alternatives to local flour. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an affordable crop for most people in Asian and African countries due to its abundance. Starch and flour made from cassava are used as replacements for wheat as they can be incorporated into diverse food products to enhance their properties. Cassava noodles contribute to food security and address the celiac needs who suffer from adverse health reactions due to the presence of gluten in conventional wheat pasta and noodles. This review addresses specifically the production of cassava noodles. Since cassava flour and starch lack gluten, many challenges occur in the noodles manufacturing process. Original papers, review papers and data related to the topic were searched on Web of Science and Google Scholar. Thus, in the light of the available research, strategies to obtain good quality cassava noodles are described in this paper to enhance the sensory properties, cooking properties and nutritional values. Finally, the contribution of cassava noodles to economic development is assessed.
Assessment of Variability and Association among Green Forage Yield and Contributing Traits in Indigenous Genotypes of Grass Pea [Lathyrus sativus (L.)]
Authors: Mishra Anchal , Sahu Mayuri , Pandey Harish Kumar
Published: January 2025

Forty-four variable local accessions of grasspea including advanced lines and three checks were investigated. Observations were recorded from 5 selected plants of each genotypes in 3 replications. Estimates of GCV and PCV were high for leaflet width, number of primary branches and plant height indicating higher genetic variation in the genotypes studied. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed forleaflet width, number of primary branches L/S ratio, plant height, length of primary branch, pods per plant.Significant positive correlation of green forage yield per plant (g) with dry matter yield per plant (g), length of primary branch (cm), leaflet width (cm), at genotypic and phenotypic level respectively. In path analysis green forage yield was considered as dependent trait, Maximum positive direct effects was shown by DMY followed by days to first flowering, pods per plant, number of primary branch, plant height, leaflet width, leaflet length, length of primary branches.
Evaluation of Protein Content of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on Maize and Cotton Crops in Telangana, India
Authors: Mallesh Modala , Kalpana Banoth , Suthari Sateesh , Narsaiah Shivakoti
Published: January 2025

The present study was carried out to estimate the protein content of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) collected from maize and cotton fields in Telangana State, India during 2021-2022 using Lowry method. The total protein content in Spodoptera frugiperda was significantly higher from maize fields (12.4 ± 0.7 mg/g) compared to cotton fields (9.6 ± 0.5 mg/g) where similar results were shown for soluble proteins as 7.4 ± 0.4 mg/g and 4.9 ± 0.3 mg/g, respectively. Conversely, cotton-fed larvae had slightly higher insoluble protein content (4.5 ± 0.4 mg/g) than maize-fed larvae (4.1 ± 0.3 mg/g). Larvae were exhibited higher protein levels than that of adults where maize-fed larvae showed the highest total protein content (12.9 ± 0.6 mg/g). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in total and soluble protein content between the two staple crop types (p<0.05), and observed that maize supports enhanced protein accumulation in S. frugiperda. These results highlight the significant role of host plant quality in influencing protein content and development in S. frugiperda, offering insights for effective pest management strategies.
Nutrigenomic Aspects Over Dental Health: A Review
Authors: Varghese Naveen Jacob , Thomas Pinku Thekkemelathethil
Published: January 2025

People living in different cultures have different genetic compositions, which affects the uptake and breakdown of nutrients. Investigators found that certain changes have resulted in the genomes due to the nutrient demand. Dental diseases like periodontitis are caused by the disparity between the oral microorganisms and the inflammatory condition of the individual. The disease development is affected by genetic and environmental factors, which can affect the immune system, thereby altering the connective tissue and bone support. Even periodontitis is seen mostly in adults, as well as in children and adolescents. The nutrigenomic method is the best choice for understanding the genomic relation with healthy or diseased conditions in medical and dental settings to create a personalized nutrition plan. The paper emphasizes nutritional requirements for dental conditions.
Assessment of Integrated Crop Management for Enhancing Mango Yield through Front Line Demonstrations in Sangareddy District, Telangana, India
Authors: Saritha K. , Viswakarma K. Rahul , Manoj Rekha , Reddy R. Uma
Published: January 2025

The study assessed the impact of Integrated Crop Management (ICM) practices on mango yield and profitability through frontline demonstrations conducted in Sangareddy district, Telangana, during 2020–2021 and 2021–2022. The findings revealed a total yield gap of 63.5% between potential and actual mango yields, comprising a 27.75% gap between demonstration plots and farmers practice plots and a 35.8% technological gap. High adoption rates were recorded for key practices, such as water management during flowering and fruiting (93.3%), harvesting methods (90.0%), the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers (83.3%), cultivating legumes as intercrops (80.0%) and applying the recommended amount of farmyard manure (76.6%). Additionally, adoption rates for mango-specific sprays (70.0%) and growth regulator sprays (40.0%) increased significantly following the demonstrations. The demonstration showed a 43.0% increase in mango yield, with demonstration plots outperforming traditional practices in both productivity and profitability. Economic analysis showed higher net returns and benefit-cost (B:C) ratios in the demonstration plots compared to farmers conventional practices. These results underscore the positive impact of ICM practices on mango productivity and profitability, emphasizing the need for adopting improved technologies to promote sustainable mango cultivation.
Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe COVID-19 Outcomes Among Veterans With Migraine Disorder
Authors: Wang Kaicheng , Fenton Brenda T. , Deng Yanhong , Anthony Sarah E. , Dao Vinh X. , Schindler Emmanuelle , Lipton Richard B. , Guirguis Alexander , Skanderson Melissa , Seng Elizabeth K. , Sico Jason J.
Published: July 2023

Importance

Calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide involved in migraine pathophysiology, is also a key neuroimmune modulator. CGRP antagonists may help mitigate the hyperinflammatory response observed in patients with COVID-19; however, findings from the literature are contradictory, and to date, no study has investigated the safety and effectiveness of CGRP antagonists against COVID-19.

Objective

To evaluate the association between CGRP monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and sequela hospitalization, requiring supplemental oxygen, use of mechanical ventilation, or death.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study analyzed the electronic health records of US veterans aged 18 to 65 years who were diagnosed with migraine disorder and were at risk of COVID-19 between January 20, 2020, and May 19, 2022.

Exposure

Initiation of CGRP mAbs.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcome was cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Odds of 30-day hospitalization, requiring supplemental oxygen, use of mechanical ventilation, or death were secondary outcomes.

Results

Among 8 178 652 eligible person-trials (354 294 veterans), 9992 (mean [SD] age, 46.0 [9.5] years; 53.9% male) initiated CGRP mAbs and 8 168 660 (mean [SD] age, 46.6 [10.2] years; 65.7% male) did not initiate CGRP mAbs. Over a 28-month follow-up period, 1247 initiators (12.5%) and 780 575 noninitiators (9.6%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. After censoring persons who deviated from treatment, the incidence was 7.4 cases per 1000 person-months among initiators and 6.9 per 1000 person-months among noninitiators. The inverse probability–weighted observational analogs of intention-to-treat and per-protocol hazard ratios were 0.95 (95% CI, 0.89-1.01) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.86-1.02), respectively. No significant differences in the likelihood of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 0.93; 95% CI, 0.62-1.41), requiring supplemental oxygen (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.45-1.30), use of mechanical ventilation (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.26-2.84), or death (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.09-5.23) were observed between CGRP mAb initiators and noninitiators who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, CGRP mAb treatment was not associated with positive SARS-CoV-2 test results or risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, suggesting that CGRP mAbs may be used for migraine prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the few events of requiring supplemental oxygen, use of mechanical ventilation, and death, replication analysis in a larger sample of patients later in the course of disease is warranted.
At-Risk Genomic Findings for Pediatric-Onset Disorders From Genome Sequencing vs Medically Actionable Gene Panel in Proactive Screening of Newborns and Children
Authors: Balciuniene Jorune , Liu Ruby , Bean Lora , Guo Fen , Nallamilli Babi Ramesh Reddy , Guruju Naga , Chen-Deutsch Xiangwen , Yousaf Rizwan , Fura Kristina , Chin Ephrem , Mathur Abhinav , Ma Zeqiang , Carmichael Jonathan , da Silva Cristina , Collins Christin , Hegde Madhuri
Published: July 2023

Importance

Although the clinical utility of genome sequencing for critically ill children is well recognized, its utility for proactive pediatric screening is not well explored.

Objective

To evaluate molecular findings from screening ostensibly healthy children with genome sequencing compared with a gene panel for medically actionable pediatric conditions.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This case series study was conducted among consecutive, apparently healthy children undergoing proactive genetic screening for pediatric disorders by genome sequencing (n = 562) or an exome-based panel of 268 genes (n = 606) from March 1, 2018, through July 31, 2022.

Exposures

Genetic screening for pediatric-onset disorders using genome sequencing or an exome-based panel of 268 genes.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Molecular findings indicative of genetic disease risk.

Results

Of 562 apparently healthy children (286 girls [50.9%]; median age, 29 days [IQR, 9-117 days]) undergoing screening by genome sequencing, 46 (8.2%; 95% CI, 5.9%-10.5%) were found to be at risk for pediatric-onset disease, including 22 children (3.9%) at risk for high-penetrance disorders. Sequence analysis uncovered molecular diagnoses among 32 individuals (5.7%), while copy number variant analysis uncovered molecular diagnoses among 14 individuals (2.5%), including 4 individuals (0.7%) with chromosome scale abnormalities. Overall, there were 47 molecular diagnoses, with 1 individual receiving 2 diagnoses; of the 47 potential diagnoses, 22 (46.8%) were associated with high-penetrance conditions. Pathogenic variants in medically actionable pediatric genes were found in 6 individuals (1.1%), constituting 12.8% (6 of 47) of all diagnoses. At least 1 pharmacogenomic variant was reported for 89.0% (500 of 562) of the cohort. In contrast, of 606 children (293 girls [48.3%]; median age, 26 days [IQR, 10-67 days]) undergoing gene panel screening, only 13 (2.1%; 95% CI, 1.0%-3.3%) resulted in potential childhood-onset diagnoses, a significantly lower rate than those screened by genome sequencing (P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this case series study, genome sequencing as a proactive screening approach for children, due to its unrestrictive gene content and technical advantages in comparison with an exome-based gene panel for medically actionable childhood conditions, uncovered a wide range of heterogeneous high-penetrance pediatric conditions that could guide early interventions and medical management.
Bias-Based Bullying and Elevated Depressive Symptoms Among Sexual and Gender–Diverse Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Adolescents
Authors: Rider G. Nic , Gower Amy L. , Lee Hyemin , Thomas De’Shay , McCurdy Amy L. , Russell Stephen T. , Eisenberg Marla E.
Published: July 2023

This cross-sectional study analyzes data from 2 statewide school surveys to document the experiences of sexual and gender minoritized Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander students in grades 9 through 12 who reported bullying related to their identity.
Targeting RNA‐binding proteins with small molecules: Perspectives, pitfalls and bifunctional molecules
Authors: Li Qingxin , Kang Congbao
Published: July 2023

RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) play vital roles in organisms through binding with RNAs to regulate their functions. Small molecules affecting the function of RBPs have been developed, providing new avenues for drug discovery. Herein, we describe the perspectives on developing small molecule regulators of RBPs. The following types of small molecule modulators are of great interest in drug discovery: small molecules binding to RBPs to affect interactions with RNA molecules, bifunctional molecules binding to RNA or RBP to influence their interactions, and other types of molecules that affect the stability of RNA or RBPs. Moreover, we emphasize that the bifunctional molecules may play important roles in small molecule development to overcome the challenges encountered in the process of drug discovery.
Association between brain health outcomes and metabolic risk factors in persons with diabetes
Authors: Reynolds Evan L. , Votruba Kristen , Jack Clifford R. , Beare Richard , Reid Robert I. , Preboske Gregory M. , Waseta Camille , Pop‐Busui Rodica , Nelson Robert G. , Callaghan Brian C. , Feldman Eva L.
Published: July 2023

We performed a cross‐sectional study to determine associations between cognition and MRI‐derived brain outcomes, with obesity, diabetes duration, and metabolic risk factors in 51 Pima American Indians with longstanding type 2 diabetes (T2d) (mean [SD] age: 48.4 [11.3] years, T2d duration: 20.1 [9.1] years). Participants had similar cognition (NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery composite: 45.3 [9.8], p = 0.64, n = 51) compared to normative data. T2d duration, but not other metabolic risk factors, associated with decreased cortical thickness (Point Estimate (PE): −0.0061, 95%CI: −0.0113, −0.0009, n = 45), gray matter volume (PE: −830.39, 95%CI: −1503.14, −157.64, n = 45), and increased white matter hyperintensity volume (PE: 0.0389, 95%CI: 0.0049, 0.0729, n = 45).
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound for Assessment of Synovial Abnormalities Among Patients With Knee Pain: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Liu Ke , Li Xiaoxiao , Weng Qianlin , Wang Yilun , Wei Jie , Zeng Chao , Lei Guanghua , Jiang Ting
Published: July 2023

Objective

Synovial abnormalities, which are modifiable treatment targets for knee pain, affect ~25% of adults. Ultrasound is a safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible imaging modality for assessing synovial abnormalities, but its diagnostic accuracy is still controversial. We conducted a meta‐analysis by comparing ultrasound with the “reference standard” method, ie, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in assessing synovial abnormalities among patients with knee pain.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 7, 2022, to retrieve studies including patients with knee pain for evaluating 1) the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound versus MRI for synovial abnormalities (synovitis and synovial effusion) and 2) the correlations of synovial abnormalities assessed by ultrasound and MRI. The summary of diagnostic accuracy was analyzed using the bivariate model, and the correlation coefficients were pooled using the random effects model.

Results

Fourteen studies were included, representing a total of 755 patients. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.65–0.96), 0.70 (95% CI 0.51–0.84), and 0.81 (95% CI 0.77–0.84) for synovitis and 0.90 (95% CI 0.81–0.95), 0.86 (95% CI 0.77–0.92), and 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.96) for synovial effusion, respectively. Strong correlations between ultrasound‐ and MRI‐diagnosed synovitis (r = 0.64, 95% CI 0.56–0.71) and synovial effusion (r = 0.63, 95% CI 0.52–0.73) were observed.

Conclusion

Ultrasound demonstrated a promising accuracy in detecting synovial abnormalities among patients with knee pain. The use of ultrasound provides equivalent synovial information to MRI but is less expensive and more accessible. Therefore, it is recommended as an adjuvant for managing patients with knee pain during diagnostic strategy and individualized treatment decision‐making.
Targeted Protein Degradation: Principles, Strategies, and Applications
Authors: He Ting , Wen Chenxi , Yang Guodong , Yang Xuekang
Published: July 2023

Protein degradation is a general process to maintain cell homeostasis. The intracellular protein quality control system mainly includes the ubiquitin‐proteasome system and the lysosome pathway. Inspired by the physiological process, strategies to degrade specific proteins have developed, which emerge as potent and effective tools in biological research and drug discovery. This review focuses on recent advances in targeted protein degradation techniques, summarizing the principles, advantages, and challenges. Moreover, the potential applications and future direction in biological science and clinics are also discussed.
Rational Engineering of a Mitochondrial‐Mimetic Therapy for Targeted Treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Precisely Regulating Mitochondrial Homeostasis
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Pu Wendan , Hu Xiankang , Yang Cheng , Zhao Guanli , Hu Houyuan , Zhang Jianxiang
Published: July 2023

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of heart failure and the most common indication for heart transplantation. Currently, there is still an unmet clinical need in effective therapies for DCM. Herein a mitochondrial‐mimetic therapy capable of efficiently targeting the heart, cardiomyocytes, and myocardial mitochondria as well as effectively regulating mitochondrial homeostasis for targeted treatment of DCM is reported. A bioactive conjugate TPT is first synthesized by integrating three functional moieties onto a scaffold, which can assemble into small‐size nanomicelles (i.e., TPTN). Intravenously delivered TPTN efficiently accumulates in the heart and mainly localizes in cardiomyocytes and myocardial mitochondria of DCM mice, thereby alleviating DCM. Mechanistically, TPTN inhibits intracellular oxidative stress, alleviates mitochondrial injury, improves mitochondrial dynamics, regulates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and reduces calpain‐1 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thus restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibiting adverse cardiac remodeling. By packaging TPTN into outer mitochondrial membrane‐derived vesicles, a mitochondrial‐mimetic therapy is engineered, which displays significantly enhanced three‐level targeting capability to the heart, cardiac cells, and myocardial mitochondria, thereby affording notably potentiated therapeutic effects in DCM mice. Accordingly, the three‐level targeting mimetics is promising for targeted treatment of DCM. The findings provide new insight into rational design of precision therapies for mitochondrial dysfunction‐associated diseases.
Near‐Infrared Bodipy‐Based Molecular Rotors for β‐Amyloid Imaging In Vivo
Authors: Ma Lijun , Geng Yujie , Zhang Guoyang , Hu Ziwei , James Tony D. , Wang Xuefei , Wang Zhuo
Published: July 2023

β‐amyloid (Aβ) is one of the important biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many near‐infrared probes based on the donor‐π‐acceptor structure have been developed to detect Aβ. Most reported Aβ probes are based on the N,N‐dimethylamino group as the ideal donor, which is a widely accepted binding unit. As such, the development of fluorescent probes with improved binding units to detect Aβ is urgently required. Therefore, with this research three anchoring molecular rotor electron donors consisting of cyclic amines of different ring sizes are developed, namely five‐membered ring (TPyr), six‐membered ring (TPip), and seven‐membered ring (THAI). These new anchored molecular rotors are connected to a 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) and named TPyrBDP, TPipBDP, and THAIBDP. These probes exhibit high affinities (from 28 to 54 nm) for Aβ1–42 aggregates. The six‐membered ring dye TPipBDP exhibits the highest signal‐to‐noise (75.5‐fold) and higher affinity (28.30 ± 5.94 nm). TPipBDP can cross the blood‐brain barrier and exhibits higher fluorescence enhancement with APP/PS1 (AD) double transgenic (Tg) mice than with wild‐type (WT) mice.
Pyrochlore‐Type Iron Hydroxy Fluorides as Low‐Cost Lithium‐Ion Cathode Materials for Stationary Energy Storage
Authors: Baumgärtner Julian Felix , Wörle Michael , Guntlin Christoph P. , Krumeich Frank , Siegrist Sebastian , Vogt Valentina , Stoian Dragos C. , Chernyshov Dmitry , van Beek Wouter , Kravchyk Kostiantyn V. , Kovalenko Maksym V.
Published: July 2023

Pyrochlore‐type iron (III) hydroxy fluorides (Pyr‐IHF) are appealing low‐cost stationary energy storage materials due to the virtually unlimited supply of their constituent elements, their high energy densities, and fast Li‐ion diffusion. However, the prohibitively high costs of synthesis and cathode architecture currently prevent their commercial use in low‐cost Li‐ion batteries. Herein, a facile and cost‐effective dissolution–precipitation synthesis of Pyr‐IHF from soluble iron (III) fluoride precursors is presented. High capacity retention by synthesized Pyr‐IHF of >80% after 600 cycles at a high current density of 1 A g−1 is obtained, without elaborate electrode engineering. Operando synchrotron X‐ray diffraction guides the selective synthesis of Pyr‐IHF such that different water contents can be tested for their effect on the rate capability. Li‐ion diffusion is found to occur in the 3D hexagonal channels of Pyr‐IHF, formed by corner‐sharing FeF6–x(OH)x octahedra.