bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Influencing Factors of Corporate Credit and Credit Availability in SME Industrial Cluster
Authors: Ji Hongyu
Published: January 2025

In this study, firms in the enterprise cluster were selected for investigation, focusing on the current situation and demand characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters, and making descriptive statistics from the scale, use and cost of enterprise loans in small and medium-sized enterprise clusters. Further empirical analysis of the factors affecting the credit availability of small and medium-sized enterprises clusters, through data analysis of the factors affecting the credit availability of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters and the influence mechanism of influence, analyzes the results of the empirical test combined with the actual situation and finally puts forward policy suggestions. The study has the following conclusions: First, small and medium-sized enterprises cluster financing demand is relatively common. Traditional financial institutions such as banks are still the main sources of funds; second, the large capital demand and long-term capital demand of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters have been suppressed. Financial institutions such as banks have always provided relatively small credit lines. The credit cycle is also relatively short and cannot meet the financing needs of the SME cluster; third, SME cluster financing is affected by guarantee institutions, government policies, their own financial status, and bank-enterprise relations. Some factors are the direct effects; some factors are manifested as indirect effects; government policy also has a regulatory effect; fourth, ensuring credit availability to SME clusters can be driven from a number of factors.
Faire l’histoire de la Guerre civile et de la dictature espagnole à l’aune du « tournant forensique »
Authors: Solé Queralt
Published: January 2025

Depuis les années 2000, l’Espagne a connu un fort mouvement d’exhumations des fosses communes des morts de la guerre civile et de l’après-guerre. Il fut surtout le fait des archéologues, des médecins légistes et des chercheurs en anthropologie biologique et culturelle et les historiens y jouèrent au départ un rôle mineur. Ils ne commencèrent à prendre en compte les données fournies par ces spécialistes pour analyser la violence de ces années comprises entre 1936 et 1945 que très récemment. Cet article montre que ces exhumations et les travaux interdisciplinaires qu’elles produisirent sont devenus une source fondamentale pour l’analyse historique de la violence pendant la guerre civile et l’après-guerre espagnole.
Chez Chanal, rue au Maire : commerce, pratiques sociales et musique auvergnate (Paris, 1893-1908)
Authors: Unterberger Agnès
Published: January 2025

Cet article vise à analyser la multiplicité des usages et des représentations dont est investi l’établissement de Léon Chanal, commerçant parisien d’ascendance aveyronnaise qui développe son activité dans le quartier des Arts-et-Métiers à la fin du XIXe siècle. L’inscription dans cet environnement urbain s’accompagne d’un certain habitus de travail et de complémentarités ou divergences entre groupes d’intérêt. L’utilisation de la salle Chanal comme espace de réunion rue au Maire met en lumière une simultanéité autant qu’une forte diversité de sociabilités dans un cadre où se construisent les débats démocratiques et économiques, à l’heure de la IIIe République. Dans un contexte d’extension des loisirs, la fréquentation des lieux de bal musette interroge la place de la musique vivante et de la danse dans la culture contemporaine en lien avec des enjeux identitaires et des imaginaires parisiens, dans une période d’importantes mutations techniques et esthétiques.
Les monuments aux morts de la Grande Guerre en Afrique francophone
Authors: Toulier Bernard
Published: January 2025

Les monuments aux morts de la Grande Guerre édifiés par l’Empire français dans les années 1920-1930 et situés au cœur des villes nouvelles coloniales du continent africain sont au cœur de débats mémoriels parfois virulents. A partir de quelques exemples documentés, on s’interrogera sur le devenir de ce type de monuments au sein des nouvelles nations africaines. Pour les ex-colonisés, quelle est la signification d‘un « patrimoine » étroitement lié à l’histoire de la France impériale ? Dans les premières décennies qui suivent la décolonisation, beaucoup sont endommagés ou détruits - au mieux dissimulés. Une seconde installation en France métropolitaine offre parfois une seconde vie au monument et s’accompagne d’une réécriture de l’histoire.
L’anticommunisme, l’autre moteur de Jean-Marie Le Pen
Authors: Thomas Adrian
Published: January 2025

Les rétrospectives sur Jean-Marie Le Pen mettent en avant ses déclarations les plus infâmes, racistes ou antisémites, mais écartent presque systématiquement une dimension pourtant centrale de son engagement : l’anticommunisme. Il s’agit pourtant d’un point déterminant, central au sein de la famille politique de l’extrême droite, indissociable de la lutte globale pour la préservation d’une civilisation occidentale blanche. L’antimarxisme a même souvent été le dénominateur commun des groupes réactionnaires et Le Pen sa meilleure incarnation. Tout le long de son parcours, au Vietnam ou au Palais Bourbon, Le Pen a été convaincu de lutter pied à pied contre le bolchévisme et ses avatars, que ce soient les syndicalistes étudiants, les indépendantistes algériens ou les militants de l’union de la gauche dans toute sa pluralité. Il n’a jamais perdu de vue l’objectif principal d’abattre le PCF et l’URSS, suprêmes ennemis. Sans prétendre à l’exhaustivité, retour sur 75 ans de haine du « rouge ».
Considering Fiber Reinforced Concrete below Neutral Axis of Beam for Shallow Sections - A Review
Authors: Akram Waseem , Ali Majid
Published: January 2025

The utilization of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) as a structural material is steadily on the rise. Conventional concrete is characterized by its brittleness, displaying a flexural strength that falls within the range of 10-15% of its compressive strength. Incorporation of fibers into concrete enhances various mechanical properties, including tensile strength, flexural strength, and ductility. An advantageous feature of FRC is its capacity to consider cracked concrete below the neutral axis in the cross-section of a beam to some extent. Important factors influencing the flexural strengths of both Plain Concrete (PC) and FRC include the modulus of rupture, corresponding deflection, toughness index, energy absorption, and density. This results in a diminished requirement for additional reinforcement in beams. The modified stress-strain diagram proposed by Bashara proves valuable in integrating the effect of FRC on the tension side, an aspect previously neglected due to the inherent weakness of PC in tension. The ongoing literature review seeks to comprehensively explore the potential of fiber-reinforced concrete in beams situated below the neutral axis, concentrating on articles published in highly reputable journals over the past decade.
A Review on Introducing Fibers in Concrete for Blocks, Pavers and Kerbstone
Authors: Ahmad Rashid , Ali Majid
Published: January 2025

At present, concrete blocks serve as the primary construction material in civil engineering due to their convenient material selection and impressive compressive strength. However, their limitations in terms of low tensile strength, poor toughness, and susceptibility to cracking hinder their progress. To enhance the flexibility and resilience of concrete, incorporating fibers is a viable method to develop a composite material. Concrete blocks, pavers, and kerbstones are widely using in construction applications. However, this is susceptible to cracking, especially under heavy loads or in harsh environmental conditions. Pine needles is a promising new material for reinforcing concrete. This is strong, durable, and sustainable. Pine needle is a promising material for reinforcing concrete blocks, pavers, and kerbstones. It has been shown to enhance a wide range of concrete valuables, containing tensile strength compressive strength, flexural strength, toughness indices, and energy absorption. This makes it a better choice than other reinforcement materials, such as millet husk ash, PET bottle, sheep wool, and coconut-fiber rope, which have only been shown to improve certain properties. Based on the literature review, wheat straw should be the first choice for reinforcing concrete due to its superior performance. Fibers, following certain treatment or recycling processes, [specified material] has been documented for its utilization in various forms as construction materials. Consequently, the objective of this literature review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential of waste fibers in the production of concrete blocks, pavers, and kerbstones. This entails a specific focus on scholarly articles published within the last decade in highly regarded journals.
Effect of Bentonite & Polypropylene Fibres on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Geopolymer Concrete with Slag and Alkali Solution
Authors: Ali Sameer , Waqas Rana Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The construction industry significantly contributes to global CO2 emissions and environmental impact, mainly due to concrete usage, which consumes vast resources and energy while emitting CO2. Researchers are exploring alternatives such as geopolymer concrete (GPC), formed without traditional cement but through alkaline activation of industrial by-products like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, bentonite, and metakaolin clay. This study evaluates the effects of incorporating bentonite and polypropylene (PP) fibers on the workability and strength properties of GPC based on slag. Bentonite substituted 10% of slag, and PP fibers were added at varying ratios (0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%). Both untreated and heat-treated bentonite, heated up to 200°C, were used. Workability was assessed using a slump cone, while mechanical properties, including compressive, split-tensile, and flexural strength, were analyzed. Notably, heat-treated bentonite and PP fibers exhibited significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of the GPC mixes.
An Overview on Tapping the Potential of Treated Wastewater for Concrete Curing to Ensure Sustainability
Authors: Khan Zeenat , Ali Majid
Published: January 2025

In today's contemporary world, concrete is a top choice, but curing issues persist due to water scarcity. Civil engineering offers alternatives like polyethylene and self-curing concrete, but they are costly. Over the past two decades, wastewater recycling for purposes like concrete curing has gained attention after treatment. The aim of this literature review is to thoroughly assess the viability of using treated wastewater, particularly sewage water, for the curing process. It focuses on articles from reputable journals published over the last decade. The review begins by examining concrete curing and its techniques and insufficiency cause. Subsequently, it delves into the philosophy of wastewater treatment need, source and the treatment process itself. Consequently, waste water treatment is suggested as an affordable and eco-friendly solution for concrete curing. Lastly, the feasibility of adopting treated waste water in developing nations is scrutinized, with an emphasis on its real-world applicability following comprehensive analysis of its overall performance. Membrane filtration technique is preferred for treatment of waste water due to its reasonable results.
Maximum likelihood estimation for the two-parameter maxwell distribution
Authors: Kasap P. , Faouri A.O.
Published: January 2025

The Maxwell distribution is popular in physics, chemistry and statistical dynamics. Since the estimators obtained using the maximum likelihood method have the desired properties of being efficient, consistent, and asymptotically normal under regularity conditions, this method is a widely used method to estimate the parameters of a probability distribution. Although parameter estimates can be obtained using this method, the derivatives of the log-likelihood equations, known as ML estimation equations, with respect to the parameters do not always have clear solutions. Therefore, numerical methods are used to solve these equations. Various traditional numerical methods for this purpose are well-documented in the literature. Additionally, highly powered algorithms with no required mathematical assumption that improve the computational efficiency like heuristic algorithms can be used to solve these equations. In this article, the maximum likelihood method is applied to estimate the location and scale parameters of the two-parameter Maxwell distribution. High-performance heuristic algorithms, such as particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms, are used and compared with traditional numerical techniques, including Nelder-Mead and Quasi-Newton methods. To show the performance of these techniques, an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted to compare the efficiencies of maximum likelihood estimators of model parameters concerning bias, mean square error, and deficiency criteria. Simulation results showed that genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization estimators are more efficient than the other traditional algorithms for estimating the location and scale parameters for the two-parameter Maxwell distribution.
Symmetric encryption using snake graphs and supermagic covering
Authors: Ranasinghe P.G.R.S. , Bandara R.M.V.V. , Athapaththtu A.M.S.L.K.
Published: January 2025

Cryptography involves the exploration of methods for safeguarding sensitive information. In this pursuit, graph-theoretic approaches play a significant role. Graph labeling, a key aspect of this, assigns labels or values to vertices and edges within a graph, serving as a means to encode information. It is instrumental in designing cryptographic protocols centered around graph-based structures. The sheer variety of labeling methods makes it challenging to discern the specific technique employed and distinguish between the graphs used for encryption. Notably, in 2020, Giridaran utilized super magic labeling as an encryption technique. Building upon this foundation, our present cryptographic scheme leverages graphs with snake vertex labeling to symmetrically encrypt plaintext. This encryption process harnesses the inherent randomness within super magic covering wheel graphs of odd order, in tandem with an advanced shift cipher. In this scheme, both the sender and receiver possess a secret key pair (k,l), carefully selected for the task at hand. The encryption process employs an odd number k, representing the sides of a cyclic graph (polygon), while l is chosen to preserve the symmetries of consecutive snake graphs. The use of graph labeling proves to be an effective tool in the creation of flexible, efficient, and secure cryptographic protocols. Our protocol, tailored for encryption, ensures a high level of security by capitalizing on the intrinsic structure and the stochastic nature of graph labeling. Through the careful selection of the labeling scheme, we have devised a protocol that remains resilient against a range of potential attacks, including impersonation and replay attacks.
Athlete body power and strength estimation using skeleton point cloud
Authors: Rangala H. , Samaraweera S. , Sandaruwan K.D. , Weerasinghe T.A. , Ranasinghe D.C.
Published: January 2025

Vertical jump assessment is one of the most frequently used techniques to evaluate lower limb strength and power in the context of strength and conditioning. Countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) have been recognized as the most valid and reliable vertical jump tests to assess body power and strength. The traditional method requires professional involvement and equipment for parameter assessment. In the context of college athletes, it is not practical to acquire direct supervision from coaches and use laboratory-based equipment such as force plates. Hence, the main objective of this study is to reduce the physical involvement in the traditional method by developing a system to identify lower body power and strength, which can be handled at an athlete’s own pace. Thus, we propose a single camera system that captures athlete skeleton joint variation from the lateral view to identify the accuracy of CMJ and SJ along with measurements for power, maximum jump height, reactive strength index, and ground reaction force. These performance parameter values are measured using a rule-based model developed with motion equations and skeleton joint variations. The biomechanics of the exercises are identified based on the clinically accepted jump protocol. The experimental results show that the system identifies athlete biomechanics with an accuracy of 91.7% for CMJ and an accuracy of 95.8% for SJ. Also, the system measures maximum jump height with a standard error of 0.88 cm.
A case of severe hypoglycaemic coma in a young woman due to insulin autoimmune syndrome
Authors: Gnanathayalan Shahini Winson , Sivageethan Sharmika , Bulugahapitiya Uditha
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
A rare case of clinically diagnosed scrub typhus myocarditis from Teaching Hospital Jaffna
Authors: Gaminda Pasan
Published: January 2025

None
Pyogenic liver abscess secondary to sigmoid diverticulitis
Authors: Rupasinghe Sawandika , Okoye Chiagoziem , Eid Shaimaa Fathy Mohamed , Olding Louise
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Reconstruction of extensive mid facial trauma following a bear attack: A case report
Authors: Fernando Dilan Chaminda
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Persistent idiopathic facial pain, a challenging diagnostic entity: clinical series from a third-level headache center
Authors: Montisano Danilo Antonio , Raggi Alberto , De Tommaso Marina , Grazzi Licia
Published: January 2025

Background: Persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) is a rare and disabling disease, often misdiagnosed. In this paper, we describe clinical phenotypes and histories of our patients with PIFP.
Methods: Clinical information about pain, treatment histories, previous diagnoses, and MRI findings were assessed during the visit and collected retrospectively.
Results: We observed a total of 44 females and 19 males, with a median age of 63 years. The patients had previously received diagnoses of trigeminal neuralgia, short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT), and migraine, and some had a diagnosis of PIFP. The quality of pain was described mostly as continuous, stabbing, or burning. The distribution of the pain was referred to as the trigeminal territory, mostly with a second-third branch distribution. Eighteen patients underwent dentistry procedures before the pain started. Pregabalin and carbamazepine were the most frequently prescribed treatment. In 18 patients, a neurovascular conflict was found, and all underwent invasive procedures with poor outcomes.
Conclusions: PIFP is a challenging orofacial pain entity, often misdiagnosed. Knowledge of the disease is the first step toward better management. A methodological and systemic approach like that applied to neuropathic pain would be suitable. We suggest a multidisciplinary approach, including medications combined with non-pharmacological options.
An epidemiological assessment of health status among a cohort of tuberculosis survivors: prospective research in a western Indian city
Authors: Shah Venu , Dave Viral , Gohil Vaidehi , Khanpara Hardika
Published: January 2025

Long-term follow-up of tuberculosis (TB) is important to monitor treatment outcomes, prevent relapse, and improve patient care. The aims of the current study are: i) to assess various epidemiological parameters among TB survivors, like mortality and morbidity, with emphasis on recurrence status during pre-defined long-term follow-up; ii) to assess factors responsible for the recurrence of TB among study participants. A prospective observational study was conducted among cured cases of pulmonary TB registered at the TB unit of Ahmedabad City, India. As per the calculated sample size, 180 study participants were recruited by systematic random sampling from a list of cured TB cases from July to September 2021. Follow-ups of participants were conducted at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-recruitment. The status of cured cases was assessed by a pre-validated questionnaire. Factors significantly associated with the likelihood of TB were analyzed using logistic regression. Of the total 180 cured TB cases, 22 (12.2%) developed recurrent TB, and 12 (6.6%) deaths were recorded during the entire follow-up duration of 2 years. Among the cases assessed, 106 (71.6%) were found to be asymptomatic in the context of TB at 2 years post-treatment completion. Around 17 (77.2%) recurrent cases were diagnosed within a year of treatment completion. Factors significantly associated with recurrence were age (p=0.01), body mass index (p=0.02), and socio-economic status (p=0.03) of the study population. Overall recurrence assessed during 2 years of post-treatment follow-up among the cohort of TB survivors was 12.2%. As per the study findings, socio-demographic and nutritional factors play a significant role in the development of recurrent TB, highlighting the importance of targeted interventions.
Invisibility, stigma and workplace support: Experiences of individuals with chronic disorders
Authors: Bam Armand
Published: January 2025

Orientation: Individuals with chronic disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) face challenges in disclosing their condition at work due to symptom invisibility and stigma. Managers play a crucial role in managing employees as stakeholders and shaping workplace culture and inclusivity.Research purpose: This study explores how workplace culture and support systems influence disclosure decisions among individuals with SLE, focusing on the role of managers in shaping these experiences.Motivation for the study: Limited research exists on the disclosure of invisible illnesses like SLE in professional settings. This study seeks to understand how stigma and inadequate support lead employees to conceal their condition.Research approach/design and method: Using document analysis and semi-structured interviews with participants from various industries in South Africa, the research explores the interplay between workplace culture, support systems and disclosure decisions.Main findings: Findings show that the invisibility and stigma of SLE, challenges in recognising it as a disability, and insufficient workplace support contribute to concealment. Managers often perpetuate unsafe spaces for disclosure.Practical/managerial implications: Organisations must address the systemic exclusion and stigma faced by employees with chronic illnesses. Enhancing training and support for managers is critical to fostering inclusive workplaces and safe disclosure environments.Contribution/value-add: By exploring the strategies individuals with SLE use to navigate workplace challenges, the study provides insights into the relationship between chronic illness, stigma and workplace inclusivity, enriching the broader discourse on disability in professional contexts.
Assessment of Hyposalivation and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients on Polypharmacy – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Almeida J Juliet Philo D , Somasundaram Elangovan , Lakshmi Suman J. , Balasubramaniam Senthilkumar
Published: January 2025

Background:

This study is centered on finding the changes in the lifestyle of individuals under polypharmacy by using specific questions about the effects of hyposalivation and collection of saliva.

Aim:

To evaluate the severity of hyposalivation and oral health-related quality of life in patients on polypharmacy.

Objectives:

To assess the effects of polypharmacy-induced hyposalivation and oral health-related quality of life according to age and gender.

Materials and Methods:

Stimulated salivary samples were collected in patients between the ages of 40 and 65 years, both male and female who were taking ≥2 medications daily, using the spit method. The flow was calculated based on the mL/min collecting time. Oral health-related quality of life was assessed using the “Oral Health Impact Profile-14” questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis:

Mean ± standard deviation (SD) of effects of polypharmacy on salivary flow rate and oral health-related quality of life according to age and gender were described, and multiple group comparisons were conducted using the ANOVA and t-test.

Results:

The difference between salivary flow rate and age (P = 0.564), gender (P = 0.702), duration of medication (P = 0.06), and number of drugs (P = 0.476) were statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:

A significance was noted according to gender based on the OHIP-14 questionnaire. There was a strong significance according to gender for the questions in the subdomain “physical disability.”
Therapeutic Effectiveness of Plant Medicine in Treating Xerostomia-A Systematic Review
Authors: Amani Turaga , Dharman Sreedevi
Published: January 2025

Background:

Xerostomia is ‘subjective feeling of dryness in mouth.’ It can result from either a decrease in salivary production or alterations in its composition. Plant formulations can be used as an alternative to the conventional substitutes as they are less expensive with lower side effects. This systematic review aims at assessing therapeutic effectiveness of plant medicine in treatment of patients with xerostomia.

Materials and Methodology:

Review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023469059). Three databases were searched with restriction of English language, time limit searched until March 2024, included a total of ten randomized controlled trials in this review. Cochrane’s risk of bias assesses quality of articles using Revman 5.3.

Results:

Upon reviewing titles and abstracts, full texts of 57 articles were evaluated. A total of ten RCTs with overall 644 patients were included qualitatively. From evidence, all ten studies exhibited significant reduction in dryness, increased salivary flow rate, decreased burning sensation, and quality of life improvement.

Conclusion:

Plant Formulations of all the 10 studies were effective in alleviating the symptoms of dry mouth and reduction in burning sensation when compared to commercial conventional drugs. While current treatments often come with high costs and side effects, recent herbal formulations show promise in alleviating symptoms and improving patient quality of life. This systematic review emphasizes plant-based medicine formulations as promising therapeutic options to effectively reduce symptoms of xerostomia with minimal side effects.
Efficacy of CBCT in Detecting Maxillary Sinus Mucosal Thickening and Periapical Pathology in Patients with Odontogenic Anomaly – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Saha Mayurakshi , Sangamesh N. C , Bhuvaneshwari S. , Mishra Silpiranjan , Bajoria Atul A. , Singh Dhirendra K.
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Odontogenic infection leads to increased thickness of maxillary sinus membrane. This is aided by close relationship between the roots of upper posterior teeth and floor of the maxillary sinus. This can be viewed by using imaging modalities.

Aim:

The review has been conducted to compare CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) with Orthopantomogram (OPG) in detecting maxillary sinus membrane thickening in patients with odontogenic anomaly through a meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods:

The review was carried out by following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews
and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and was registered as PROSPERO 2023 CRD42023390257. PubMed, Google Scholar and EBSCO host were queried for literature published from January 2000 to December 2022. Newcastle Ottawa scale evaluated the quality of articles.

Results:

Statistical analysis was performed and forest plot was plotted using RevMan (Review Manager) software version 5.3. Five studies were eligible and two of them were suitable for Meta-Analysis. The Standardized Mean Difference yielded a pooled estimate of 0.39 and preferred CBCT using a random effect model with a P value of 0.02 and an I2 (heterogeneity) value of 59%. Funnel plot showed absence of publication bias.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that CBCT was effective, as compared to OPG in detecting maxillary sinus membrane thickening with odontogenic anomaly.
Patents in Dentistry: An In-Depth Examination and Evaluation
Authors: Kalgeri Sowmya Halasabalu , Shivakumar Ashwini Tumkur , Doddawad Vidya G. , Kumar B B Sunil
Published: January 2025

Patents are essential in dentistry for promoting innovation and protecting intellectual property. They incentivize research and development by granting exclusive rights to inventions, ensuring new dental products and techniques benefit patients. This review explores patents’ significance, management challenges, and impacts on the dental industry, focusing on key business growth elements.
Morphological Analysis of Foramen Huschke Using 3D Imaging
Authors: Patil Karthikeya , Sanjay C J , Guledgud Mahima V. , Solayappan Eswari , Suresh Namrata , Niranjan Sharath
Published: January 2025

Background:

Foramen Huschke (FH) occurs due to incomplete fusion, leading to the formation of an osseous developmental defect. Its development remains incomplete at birth. This foramen, which is located in the tympanic bone and assists in creating the tympanic cavity and External Auditory Canal (EAC), is the result of a process called membranous ossification. The presence of FH causes disturbances in the region of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and EAC.

Aim:

The goal of this study was to assess the occurrence and characteristics of foramen Huschke using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) based on age, gender, site, and side, as well as identify the presenting symptoms.

Methodology:

This retrospective analysis consists of 139 CBCT images of the TMJ region involving foramen Huschke were evaluated. The SPSS 22.0 program was used to tabulate and evaluate the collected data. Descriptive statistics and a Chi-square test were performed to compare gender and site according to the occurrence of foramen Huschke.

Result:

It was seen that out of 73 men, 15.06% had unilateral occurrence and 2.73% had bilateral occurrence, whereas among 66 females, 13.6% had unilateral occurrence and 3.03% had bilateral occurrence. Of the 139 subjects, 9 (6.47%) had unilateral occurrence on the right side, 11 (7.91%) subjects had unilateral occurrence on the left side, and 4 (2.87%) subjects had bilateral occurrence. A total occurrence of FH was observed in 24 (17.26%) subjects. The P value was statistically insignificant in the association between gender and site.

Conclusion:

A thorough understanding of this anatomical defect is imperative to avoid misdiagnosis and for the effective treatment of patients with TMJ and EAC disorders. Because of its thin sections, excellent spatial resolution, and multiplanar capabilities, CBCT is sensitive for detecting the foramen Huschke.
Melorheostosis: The Incidental Finding of a Rare Bone Dysplasia in the Mandible on Panoramic and CBCT Images - A Case Report
Authors: Sitaraman Prasanthi , Nagi Ravleen , Muthukrishnan Arvind
Published: January 2025

Melorheostosis or osteosclerotic bone dysplasia is a rare bone dysplasia that manifests as hyperostosis of bone and usually affects appendicular skeleton, and craniofacial involvement is rare. The diagnosis is based on clinical and the radiographic features. The typical radiographic feature that has been reported is the “dripping candle wax or flowing candle wax” pattern as seen in our case. We present a case of craniofacial melorheostosis, diagnosed incidentally when the patient was referred for dental implant assessment to the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.
Case Report of A Gingival Presentation Unveiling A Potentially Fatal Disease: A Dual Rarity
Authors: Medha Babshet , Jiya John , Geetha Kamath , Srikanth Srivathsa H
Published: January 2025

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare disease affecting the small- to medium-sized vessels of various organs. The respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys are usually affected. The gingival involvement in GPA is rare and features a classical presentation called strawberry gingivitis. GPA is associated with subepithelial neutrophilic microabscesses, leukocytoclastosis, vasculitis, geographic fibrinoid necrosis, and palisading macrophages. The elevated levels of cytoplasmic-antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA) differentiate it from other vasculitis. A rare case of GPA who presented with strawberry gingivitis with further systemic involvement and elevated c-ANCA, confirming our diagnosis has been discussed with an emphasis on the clinical presentation, histopathological features, and management protocols followed.
Experimental Study of the Reduction of the Dose to the Radiographic Operator Using an Additional Rectangular Collimator and Detector Holder During Handheld Exposure with a Portable Intraoral X-Ray Device
Authors: Otaka Yusei , Harata Yasuo , Izawa Maki , Shiba Noriyoshi , Takahashi Nobutoshi , Kito Shinji
Published: January 2025

Background:

Use of a rectangular collimator and a detector holder reduces the patient’s dose in intraoral radiography; however, their quantitative effects on reducing the operator’s dose are unknown.

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the reduction in the operator’s dose when using a rectangular collimator and a detector holder during handheld exposure with a portable intraoral X-ray device.

Materials and Methods:

Dose was measured using a cylindrical polymethylmethacrylate phantom and two semiconductor dosimeters. Stray radiation from the phantom and the X-ray device was measured at 15-degree intervals in horizontal and vertical circles with radii of 50 cm and 100 cm from the center of the phantom. Doses were compared with and without the additional rectangular collimator and the detector holder.

Results:

Use of the additional rectangular collimator and the detector holder reduced the operator’s dose to one-eighth and one-fifth, respectively, of the dose when these items were not used.

Conclusion:

Using an additional rectangular collimator and a detector holder appears effective for reducing the dose to the radiographic operator during handheld exposure with a portable intraoral X-ray device and could be applied to situations such as dental home health care and person identification in forensic dentistry.
Age Estimation in Callow Adolescents and Young Adults Using Volumetric Analysis of Mandibular Third Molars: A CBCT Study
Authors: Vankadara Sairam , Swetha Kavali Laxmi
Published: January 2025

Background:

Age estimation is a preliminary assessment that aids in medico legal assessments and legal proceedings. Teeth development or mineralization is the efficacious for assessment of age and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans, an advanced imaging modality can be used for the same.

Aim:

To investigate the association between chronological age and the surface area of the maturing mandibular 3rd molar apices using CBCT scans and in addition, to formulate a regression equation for estimating age.

Material and Methods:

This study included 120 CBCT scans of different age groups ranging from 13 to 24 years consisting of 66 males and 54 females. MIMICS and 3-MATIC software assist’ were used in calculating root apices surface areas and using the obtained surface area, a regression equation is formulated for age estimation in Andhra Pradesh population.

Results:

A positive correlation was noted between the surface area of developing molar roots and age where Pearson R value = 0.910 and independent sample “t” test showed significance at <.001 (P value < 0.05 significant).

Conclusion:

The study showed a significant reduction in the surface area of root apices as chronological age progressed. Analysis of the 3D models led to the estimation of surface area and age.
Arteriovenous Malformation Involving the Mandible and Infratemporal Fossa: A Case Report
Authors: Srivastava Sonalika , Sinha Abhishek , Preetam Vivek , Srivastava Anshul
Published: January 2025

Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are vascular abnormalities, most often presenting significant risk of massive bleeding and being lethal for the patient. Thus, the knowledge of these lesions must be adequate for both the clinical and the oral radiologists. In this paper we describe the medical history of a young woman with a massive arteriovenous malformation localized at the left side of the mandible.
Evaluation of Surgical Risks and Challenges in Mandibular Third Molar Extraction Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chatgile Rameshwar G. , Bhoosreddy Ajay R. , Bhadage Chetan J.
Published: January 2025

This study examined the association between lingual plate thickness and complications in third lower molar extraction. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure the lingual plate thickness and examine its correlation with impact classification in winter.

Material/Methods:

A total of 183 cone beam images of the third impacted molar in the mandible were retrospectively analyzed. The impaction type of the tooth and the thickness of the lingual plate at the apex and midroot were evaluated using SIDEXIS software. Categorical variables were statistically analyzed using the Chi-square test.

Results:

The lingual plate thickness averaged 1.24 mm at the midroot and 1.14 mm at the apex. The study revealed a significant correlation between horizontally impacted third molars and thinner lingual plates at the midroot level (P value = 0.002).

Conclusion:

In third lower molars, the study showed a high correlation between the kind of impaction and the thickness of the lingual plate. Surgeons should exercise caution during extraction due to the potential risk of lingual plate fractures and emphasize the importance of preoperative CBCT planning in affected third-molar cases.
A Curious Case Report of “Nosey” Calcification
Authors: Padmavathi S , Anuradha G , Kannan A , Krithika C L
Published: January 2025

Ectopic mineralization, or pathologic calcifications, occur outside the skeletal system. While rare in adults, nasal foreign bodies are common in children and mentally disabled patients. Often asymptomatic, they can remain unnoticed for years. This article presents an unusual case of a nasal foreign body in a 46-year-old male, incidentally discovered during routine dental radiography. The patient complained of tooth pain and sensitivity, with a history of sinusitis and hypertension. Radiographic examination revealed a radiopaque lesion in the right nasal cavity, causing deviation of the nasal septum. A clinical diagnosis of a foreign body was made, considering differential diagnoses such as rhinolith or parasitic infection. This case underscores the importance of thorough examination and attention to detail by dentists. Improved communication and careful radiograph interpretation can lead to the discovery of unexpected findings, facilitating accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Effect of intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure on post-operative pulmonary complications in overweight patients undergoing elective laparoscopic hernia surgery: A prospective randomised controlled trial
Authors: Vijayakumar Lokeshwar , Thirunavukkarasu Pavithra L. , Barathi Arivarasan
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Post-operative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are a significant cause of morbidity following surgery. This study evaluated the effect of intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on PPCs in overweight patients undergoing elective laparoscopic hernia surgery.

Patients and Methods:

In this randomised controlled trial, 60 patients with a body mass index between 25 and 30 kg/m² were divided equally into a standard PEEP group (5 cm H2O) and a high PEEP group (10 cm H2O). The primary outcome was the incidence of PPCs, with secondary outcomes assessing intraoperative respiratory mechanics, haemodynamics and post-operative oxygenation levels.

Results:

Both groups demonstrated comparable demographic and baseline characteristics. The results showed a significant reduction in the incidence of PPCs in the high PEEP group, with atelectasis observed in 16% of control patients versus 6% of those receiving higher PEEP. In addition, the high PEEP group exhibited improved dynamic lung compliance and oxygenation but had an increased mean arterial pressure, indicating haemodynamic effects associated with higher PEEP levels. While the Cabrini Respiratory Strain Score and air test scores were comparable, patients in the high PEEP group had shorter durations of supplemental oxygen therapy and improved post-operative oxygenation at 6, 12 and 24 h.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that high PEEP may enhance lung mechanics and oxygenation while reducing PPCs in overweight patients, although careful monitoring of haemodynamic stability is recommended.
Evaluation of maxillary sinus floor augmentation using a mixture of hyaluronic acid and bovine bone graft with simultaneous dental implants installation
Authors: Omr Mai AlaaEldeen , Saad Khalid A. El-Hamid , Nowair Ibrahim M. , Eid Mohamed K.
Published: January 2025

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of using hyalouronic acid (HA) with bovine bone for maxillary sinus floor augmentation with simultaneous implant installation.

Patients and methods

This study was implemented on 10 cases with atrophic edentulous posterior maxillary regions. All the cases underwent sinus floor elevation and augmentation with simultaneous implant installation. This was done in two stages, Stage I: lateral antrostomy was made by piezoelectric device, osteotomy of implant site by densah kit, augmentation of the sinus with a mixture of bovine bone with HA gel and then implant installation, finally coverage the lateral window with HA gel, Stage II: surgical exposure of the implant top surface and insertion of the implant healing abutment at 6 months after stage I surgery. After soft tissue healing around the abutment, all cases were referred to fixed prosthodontics department in Faculty of Dentistry. Tanta University for fixed prosthesis construction.

Results

Regarding panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography analysis immediate and after 6 months of alveolar bone height and density showing significant implant osseointegration with increase in both height and density of alveolar bone. Resonance frequency analysis show significant increase in implant stability from stage I (primary stability) to stage II (secondary stability).

Conclusion

The mixture of HA gel with bovine bone, gaining the advantage of osteoconductive potential of bovine bone with the anti-inflammatory, pro angiogenic properties of HA. Immediate implant installation after sinus floor augmentation is a promising surgical protocol that can reduce the number of the surgeries and reduce the treatment time.
Locally delivered coconut oil in nonsurgical therapy of stage II and III grade B periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Alaraby Amany A. , Ismail Radwa M. , El Din Wessam I.S.
Published: January 2025

Background and aim

The study aims to evaluate and compare the effect of scaling and root debridement alone versus the use of topically applied coconut oil as adjunctive to scaling and root debridement in the treatment of Stage II and III Grade B periodontitis.

Patients and methods

Thirty-six patients with stage II and III Grade B periodontitis were randomly allocated to two groups. Group I (Control group) patients were treated with scaling and root debridement alone. Group II (Study group) of scaling and root debridement with a topically applied coconut. Clinical parameters including Plaque index (PI), Gingival index (GI), Probing depth (PD), and Clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Biochemical parameters evaluated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level at baseline, 1- and 2-months using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

The results revealed that there was a significant reduction in PI, GI, PD, and CAL in the study group following the use of coconut oil as adjunctive to scaling and root debridement when compared with scaling and root debridement alone. Also, the study group showed a statistically significant decrease in the mean levels (TNF-α) than the control group at 1 and 2 months with (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The use of coconut oil as adjunctive to scaling and root debridement may improve the healing outcomes in terms of clinical parameters such as PI, GI, PD, and CAL as well as the reduction of TNF-α levels in crevicular fluid in patients with Stage II and II grade B periodontitis.
The putative role of maternal grape seed extract in alleviating caffeine-induced enamel hypomineralization in rat offspring
Authors: El-shenawy Omnia Shawky Ahmed , Nagy Naglaa B. , El Amy Souzan A.
Published: January 2025

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the alleviating role of maternal grape seed extract (GSE) in enhancement of caffeine-induced enamel hypomineralization in mandibular incisors of rat offspring.

Materials and methods

Sixteen virgin female rats were used. After pregnancy, they were divided into four equal groups. There was control, caffeine, GSE and combined groups that received daily doses of physiological saline, caffeine, GSE and both caffeine/GSE, respectively during pregnancy and lactation. In each group, four weaning pups from each rat dam were chosen (n = 16). Their mandibles were cut into halves and their incisors were sectioned mesial to the first molars. The right halves were processed for light microscope and transmission electron microscope whereas the left ones for energy dispersive radiograph elemental analysis for calcium ions.

Results

Quantitatively, statistical analysis for energy dispersive radiograph elemental analysis results revealed a significant increase in the mean Ca levels for GSE group compared to other groups. Histologically, control group revealed normal features of ruffled ended-maturative ameloblasts and nearly mature enamel layer whereas caffeine group disclosed vacuolated, widely spaced ameloblasts with heterogeneous patched immature enamel layer. Interestingly, GSE group revealed features of highly organized active ameloblasts with superior complex organization of nearly mature enamel whereas combined group depicted features of reestablishment of adverse effects of caffeine on both ameloblasts and nearly mature enamel.

Conclusion

Maternal GSE intake has a potential role in enhancing enamel mineralization and its concurrent intake with caffeine seemed to lighten the caffeine-induced enamel hypomineralization in rat offspring.