bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ionic Conductivity Studies on Proton Conducting Solid Biopolymer Electrolyte based on 2-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (2HEC) Doped with Ammonium Chloride (NH4CL)
Authors: Mejenom Amzar Arif , Muthiah Muthuvinayagam , Mohamad Isa Mohd Ikmar Nizam
Published: October 2024

Solution casting techniques have been used to create a solid biopolymer electrolyte (SBEs) based on 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose (2HEC) doped with varying amounts of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) to investigate the potential of NH4Cl in enhancing the ionic conductivity of SBE. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to measure the impedance of the electrolytes between 50 Hz and 1 MHz in frequency. At room temperature, ionic conductivity was at its highest for 16% weight percent of NH4Cl which was 1.74 x 10-3 Scm-1. The temperature dependence data of 2HEC-NH4Cl SBEs abides Arrhenius behaviour. Complex electrical modulus and complex permittivity were used to assess the dielectric data for the sample at various temperatures.
Parametric Study on Venturi Pressure Drop for Two Phase Oil (D130)-Water Flow for Different Operating Conditions – An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Syed Mutheeulla Shaahid  , Alhems Luai Muhammad , Aftab Ahmad  , Mehaboob Basha  , Al-Sarkhi Abdelsalam Mohammad , Elobeid Mujahid Omer , Xiao JinJang , Rafael Lastra  , Chidirim Ejm
Published: October 2024

The governing parameters which affect pressure drop of two-phase oil-water flow across the venturi meter are water cut and angle of inclination. The study investigates experimentally the effect of inclination and water cut on pressure drop measurements across different venturi meters with beta ratios (β) = 0.4, and 0.6 for oil–water two-phase flow experiments in a 3-inch pipe for different operating conditions. Two-phase inclinable flow loop has been employed for conducting the experiments for different fluid mixture flow rates and water cuts. The working fluids utilized are Exxsol mineral oil (D130) and potable water. The experiments were conducted for water cuts varying from 0 to 100% in steps of 20%, flow rates ranging from 2000 to 12000 barrels per day (BPD), and for horizontal and vertical flow loop inclinations (0◦ and 90◦). Liquid flow rates considered in the study match flow rates of real oil wells. The results indicate that the venturi pressure drop varies linearly with water cuts for both β ratios (0.4 and 0.6). The study indicates that the effect of inclination on venturi pressure drop is not appreciable for all water cuts and flow rates. Also, from the experimental results it can be concluded that venturi with β = 0.6 is favourable for multiphase flow metering (with flow rates ranging from 8000 to 12000 BPD). The tangible findings of the study will be helpful in combating multi-phase flow challenges in oil and petroleum industries.
Exploring the Dynamic Behavior of a Tapered Stenosed Artery: An Investigation into Its Unsteady Model
Authors: Sreenivasa Beleyur Veena
Published: October 2024

In this communication, blood flow is considered in a two-phase model of the tapered stenosed artery. Non-Newtonian and Newtonian models are considered in inner and outer regions, respectively. The transverse magnetic field is applied externally on the presumed pulsatile flow of blood to examine the nature of blood flow. It is anticipated that, in the inner region, blood follows the Jeffrey fluid model, and in the outer region, it follows the Bingham Plastic fluid model. The mathematical model of this system is formulated, a non-dimensionalization technique is used, and a numerical solution is obtained using the Finite difference method, one of the most suitable numerical methods for the formulated problem. The expressions for the primary/fundamental characteristics in determining the effect of blood flow are developed to explore the consequence of hematocrit, time component, tapering angle, and magnetic field. Scilab software is employed for mathematical simulations, revealing that flow characteristics within a stenosed artery undergo significant alterations, while the presence of a magnetic field aids in partially regulating the flow characteristics.
Fabricated of Photovoltaic Thermal System with Phase Change Material
Authors: Md Zain Mohd Norizan , Abdul Manaf Norhuda , Abbas Ali
Published: October 2024

At present, solar energy is widely recognized as one of the primary sources of renewable energy. Nonetheless, conventional solar photovoltaic (PV) panels suffer a significant decrease in efficiency when exposed to extreme temperatures, making them unsuitable for long-term operation. To address these limitations, hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems with phase change materials (PCM) have emerged as sophisticated solutions, leveraging thermal energy for water heating and PCM for thermal energy storage. This work aims to evaluate key economic parameters of fabricated PVT system (with and without PCM) against commercial solar water heaters and electric heaters, using metrics such as payback period and annual worth. The calculations are carried out using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. The results reveal that the payback period for PVT systems, both with and without PCM, exceeds 25 years, primarily due to the high initial costs associated with PVT technology. In contrast, solar water heaters and electric water heaters offer shorter payback periods. Specifically, after 25 years, the annual worth for the fabricated PVT system is MYR 923.12. Essentially, the economic analysis suggests that the PVT system has a longer operational lifetime than solar water heaters and electric heaters, despite the extended payback period. This economic analysis has the potential to encourage the large-scale fabrication and installation of efficient PVT-PCM systems. It provides consumers with a viable alternative to consider installing PVT and PVT-PCM systems instead of PV and solar thermal systems separately. Additionally, this study contributes to reducing carbon emissions and advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Structural Properties of Al-Li-Zn Borate Glass Activated with Dysprosium (Dy3+) for Radiation Dosimeter
Authors: Irinam Efenji Godwin , Mustafa Iskandar Shahrim , Yusof Nur Nabihah , Anthony Rabba James , Jamil Munirah , Kamgba Ferdinand Ayim , Obogo Ushie Patrick , Aliyu Umar Sa’ad , Ezra Nabasu Seth , Khazaalah Thair Hussein , Naeem Hayder Salah , Oke Aduragbemi Olaoluwa
Published: October 2024

This study explores the properties of Al-Li-Zn glass doped with dysprosium ions as a potential radiation dosimeter. The glass was prepared using the novel quenching technique, and various characterisations were performed to evaluate its properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the amorphous phases in the glass. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed a noticeable absorption peak in the visible region, characteristic of the dysprosium ions. PL spectra luminous peaks at 348 nm (yellow), 529 nm (green), and 625 nm (orange hue), which corresponded to the 4H15/2 → 6P7/2, 4F9/2 → 6H15/2, 4F9/2 → 6H15/2, and 4F9/2 → 6H13/2 transitions in 1.5 and 2.5 dysprosium ions respectively. Significant decrease in Tg from 257°C in the undoped sample to 101°C in the doped sample, Tm of the doped sample dropped from 862°C to 815°C and Tc of the doped sample dropped from 756°C to 444°C, suggesting a reduced crystallisation threshold. FTIR analysis demonstrated that OH groups displayed peaks within the 2200 to 4000 cm range. Stretching vibrations of BO3 units occurred between 1200 and 1600. Stretching vibrations of BO4 units were observed between 800 and 1200; these show that the presence of Dy3+ and zinc oxide altered the arrangement of the glass structure, causing a transformation from B03 groups to B04 groups. This transformation leads to defects in a stable trap environment suitable for thermoluminescence phenomena. Considering its properties and optical characteristics, the samples with 1.5 and 2.5 mol % of Dy3+ showed remarkable thermoluminescence properties, suggesting its suitable use as a dosimeter to gauge radiation exposure. The glass demonstrates stability and absorption capability, making it worth considering for radiation detection applications.
O FORTALECIMENTO DO DIREITO TRANSNACIONAL FRENTE A ATUAÇÃO DAS BIG TECHS
Authors: Bandeira Aurea , Palaia Chagas Piccolo Rodrigo
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho buscará trazer uma intersecção entre os efeitos e a crescente difusão e essencialidade da regulação efetiva de um direito transnacional, que atualmente segue ganhando cada vez mais notoriedade no cenário mundial pelo novo processo de “globalização digital”, em especial das “big techs”. Nesse sentido, ao sistematizar o direito transnacional faz-se uma abordagem vinculativa com o caso “EUA X AMAZON” em que a Comissão Federal de Comércio (FTC – Federal Trade Comission) e mais procuradores gerais de 17 Estados Norte-Americanos moveram uma ação judicial sob a alegação de que a “Amazon.com” mantém ilegalmente um monopólio sobre o “Market place” digital, explorando empresas para vender seus produtos, e prejudicando consumidores.
Administration management in patient safety culture and barriers to adverse event reporting in the nursing profession
Authors: Arteaga Ortega Fanny Isabel , Zurita Desiderio Mariuxi Johanna , Alonzo Cedeño Priscila Valeria , Vazquez Moran Bertha Alejandrina
Published: October 2024

Patient safety is very important in the health field, and for this, parameters such as having quality in the service provided and guaranteeing primary care in an effective manner must be considered. The objective of this article is to know the aspects of the patient safety culture and the safety climate perceived by the nursing staff who work in the participating hospital. The methodology used is a descriptive, cross-sectional observational type; It will be observational because it is a specific type of study that is defined by having a statistical or demographic nature, where 46 health professionals were surveyed. In this investigation, it was identified that there is disagreement with the actions that are implemented, lack of supervision, lack of monitoring, strategies, reports, and high frequency of communication between professionals where the purpose is to provide patient safety and demonstrate all the notifications of adverse events and incidents.
A Literature Review of Transportation Logistics Policy Models in the Nusantara Capital City Region to Support National Economic Growth
Authors: Agus Susanto Eko , Hamzah Muhammad Zilal , Sofilda Eleonora
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to review and analyze several previous studies theoretically related to 1) The impact of Logistics Transportation Policy and spillover effects on National Economic Growth, 2) Some problems from the implementation of the Logistics Transportation Policy in a region, 3) Logistics Transportation Policy Model that can support National Economic Growth. The method used uses qualitative research, exploratory or interpretative systems with a systematic deductive process (Top-Down), guided by some empirical evidence obtained from the author's experience in the field of transportation and logistics, as well as qualitative interactions with several stakeholders and previous research. The results found are 1) in some countries, logistics policies have succeeded in having a positive impact on regional and national economic growth, 2) the ineffectiveness of a logistics policy is caused by high logistics costs, dysfunctional systems, unsupportive regulations, unsupportive human resources and infrastructure and weak coordination between stakeholders, and 3) a transportation logistics policy model that supports national economic growth must be able to involve stakeholders so that it can have a multiplier effect on the economic sector and national economic growth.
Texto para Discussão 3045
Authors: Gasques José Garcia , Vieira Filho José Eustáquio Ribeiro , Bastos Eliana Teles , Bacchi Mirian Rumenos Piedade , Valdes Constanza
Published: October 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a importância do estado de Mato Grosso na agricultura brasileira, em termos de sua contribuição para o crescimento, a produtividade total dos fatores (PTF) e a inovação tecnológica. Adicionalmente, foi apresentado o papel de alguns municípios na arrecadação fiscal, bem como o impacto do projeto da estrada de ferro EF-170, mais conhecida como "Ferrogrão", na dinâmica produtiva regional. Com base no Censo Agropecuário, Mato Grosso foi um dos estados onde a PTF cresceu rapidamente. É surpreendente que esse índice de produtividade tenha alcançado grande crescimento no mundo, quando comparado a uma lista de mais de cem países analisados pelo Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos (USDA). Internamente, em relação aos demais estados, as comparações de crescimento mostram que Mato Grosso cresceu a taxas muito elevadas. Além de se destacarem na relevância regional de indicadores de crescimento, os polos agrícolas municipais impulsionam as receitas fiscais. Ainda mais, os investimentos em infraestrutura, nessa região, podem melhorar o crescimento produtivo com maior sustentabilidade.
Effect of Different Tempering Media on Fracture Toughness and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel
Authors: Ulhuda ALketab Noor , Hasan Al-Humairi Ghufran , Laith Ali Aenas , Mahmood Shaimaa
Published: October 2024

In this study, the effect of different thermal carbons on the impact resistance of heavy carbon, which contains 0.4% of. The focus was on how the resulting biochemistry affects the microstructure of the steel, and thus its mechanical properties. Steps: Impact test before heat treatment: Charpy impact test was performed on pre- impact specimens before any specimen was made. This test helps to determine the original impact of the steel without any modification in its microstructure. Tempering procedure: After that, it was further investigated by exposing it to high temperatures and then cooling it rapidly. This method is for market formation, which is a must. It was retested after tempering. The results showed a significant increase in the shock cases after tempering due to the formation of the texture which increased the strength of the specimen. Flame tempering (surface heat treatment): In this type of treatment, only the surface is heated with a flame and cooled rapidly, which results in the formation of a strong martensite texture on the surface, while the core of the specimen remains softer. When tested, it did get shock, but the amount of increase that occurred with full shock was not reduced. The reason for this is that the hardening in God is only on the surface while the core of the eye remains flexible, which leads to a reduction in contrast. Carburizing (surface heat treatment): Carburizing treatment is performed on some samples, which is a method that involves adding carbon to the outer surface of the fulminate and cooling it rapidly, resulting in a solid, hard material. When performing the shock test, it did get a shock that improved, but a case like flame hardening, you did not have very many shocks in full hardening.
The Role of Environmental Accounting in Mitigating Environmental Pollution Risk and its Disclosure
Authors: Abubaker Nagwa
Published: October 2024

This research explores the critical role of environmental accounting in mitigating environmental pollution risks and improving disclosure practices. Environmental pollution has become a significant global concern, amplified by industrial activities and mismanagement of natural resources. As stakeholders increasingly demand corporate responsibility, environmental accounting has emerged as a pivotal tool for organizations to quantify their environmental impacts, integrate eco-ethics into their financial systems, and enhance transparency in environmental risk disclosures. This study examines how environmental accounting frameworks can aid in reducing corporate pollution by identifying the cost of pollution-related activities and aligning them with financial decision-making processes. Additionally, the research investigates the regulatory frameworks that promote environmental transparency and the challenges that companies face in implementing these practices. Case studies on corporate environmental accounting demonstrate both the potential and limitations of current practices. The research concludes with recommendations on the strategic integration of environmental accounting to foster sustainability and risk mitigation. These findings underscore the importance of consistent environmental disclosure in enhancing corporate accountability and in reducing environmental risks.
Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Accurate Flight Price Prediction
Authors: Chavan Adwait , Rathod Ishika , Bobde Sarika
Published: October 2024

Flight fare prediction is a vital component in helping consumers make informed decisions regarding travel expenses. Airline ticket prices fluctuate due to a variety of factors such as demand, time of purchase, and flight routes. In this research, we propose a machine learning-based solution for predicting flight fares using historical data. Models like Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machines (SVM) are employed to analyze flight data and produce reliable predictions. This study demonstrates how predictive models can benefit customers by offering insights into pricing trends, thus optimizing their flight booking process.
Relationship between Circle and Rectangle by Identity
Authors: Hussain Altaf
Published: October 2024

In this article, we shall know some identities for length of rectangle and breath of rectangle that truly defines the relationship between area of circle and rectangle. The expressed relation between circle and rectangle in terms of identity will lead to new theories and help in solving complex problems and will make concepts easier to remember and understand.
A Comparative Analysis of Leadership Styles on Organizational Performance in the Airline Industry
Authors: Sewsankar Geeta
Published: October 2024

Background The 21st century has witnessed several changes in the airline industry, owing to many factors, including the leadership styles adopted. Recently, there have been many successful and unsuccessful airlines (Zhang, 2017) attributed to different leadership styles that have significantly impacted organizational performance in the airline industry (Kamisan and King, 2013). This is because of its impact on employees' satisfaction (Asrar-ul-Haqa and Kuchinkeb, 2016) and the organization's ability to outperform others within the industry (Anderson and Birrer, 2011). However, Madanchain et al. (2016) argued that for organizations to remain viable through compelling performances, employee satisfaction, competitive advantage, and the role of leadership remains critical. As a result, Nanjundeswaraswamy and Swamy (2014) lamented the need for further studies to understand how leadership influenced organizational performance in the airline industry. As such, this study embarked on a study to underpin leadership's impact on organizational performance using Southwest and Malaysia Airlines and to recommend the best leadership style for airlines. D. Rationale This research was undertaken with three rationales. Firstly, the literature on the importance of leadership on organizational performances in the airline industry should be enhanced, focusing on Southwest and Malaysia Airlines models. Secondly, the study will identify and link the effects of transactional and transformational leadership styles on organizational performance using the two airlines. Finally, it will recommend the best leadership style for airlines based on the research conducted on the two aforementioned internationally recognized airlines.
Optimizing Construction Management and Workflow Integration through Autonomous Robotics for Enhanced Productivity Safety and Precision on Modern Construction Sites
Authors: Ayoola Victoria Bukky , Idoko Idoko Peter , Danquah Edwin Osei , Ukpoju Emmanuel Adikwu , Obasa Jesutosin , Otakwu Adah , Enyejo Joy Onma
Published: October 2024

The construction industry is experiencing a technological transformation with the integration of robotics, fundamentally altering traditional construction management and process design. This review explores the role of construction robots in enhancing productivity, safety, and efficiency on construction sites. It examines the various types of robots used, such as bricklaying and welding robots, and analyzes their functions and real-world applications. The paper also addresses the design of workflows and processes around robots, highlighting the challenges and strategies involved in adapting construction projects to a robot-centric approach. Additionally, the impact of robotics on construction management, including shifts in roles, cost efficiency, and collaboration between humans and robots, is thoroughly explored. The review concludes by identifying future trends, challenges, and opportunities in the field of construction robotics, along with relevant policy and regulatory considerations. This paper aims to provide insights into how construction management must evolve to successfully integrate robots, leading to a more efficient, cost effective, and safe construction environment.
Identification and Distance Measurement of Dust Clouds at High Latitude by a Clustering Hierarchical Algorithm
Authors: Sun 孙 Mingxu 明旭 , Jiang 姜 Biwei 碧沩 , Guo 郭 Helong 贺龙 , Cui 崔 Wenyuan 文元
Published: October 2024

We present a catalog of dust clouds at high Galactic latitude based on the Planck 857 GHz dust emission data. Using a clustering hierarchical algorithm, 315 dust clouds at high Galactic latitudes are identified. Additionally, using the optical and ultraviolet extinction of 4 million and 1 million stars, respectively, provided by Sun et al., we derive the distances and physical properties for 190 high Galactic latitude dust clouds and the ultraviolet excess ratios for 165 of them. Through the study of color excess ratios, this work confirms that molecular clouds with large Galactic distances and low extinction likely have a higher proportion of small-sized dust grains. In addition, clouds with well-defined distances in the catalog are used to trace the Local Bubble, showing good consistency with the boundary of the Local Bubble from the literature.
Evolving Outer Heliosphere: Tracking Solar Wind Transients from 1 au to the VLISM with IBEX and Voyager 1
Authors: Zirnstein E. J. , Kim T. K. , Rankin J. S. , Dayeh M. A. , McComas D. J. , Swaczyna P. , Beesley L. J. , Reisenfeld D. B.
Published: October 2024

Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) observations of energetic neutral atom (ENA) fluxes from the heliosphere have greatly enriched our understanding of the interaction of the solar wind (SW) with the local interstellar medium (LISM). However, there has been recent controversy surrounding the inability of most ENA models to produce as high an intensity of ∼0.5–6 keV ENAs as IBEX observes at 1 au, especially as a function of time. In our previous study (E. J. Zirnstein et al.), we introduced a new model that utilizes a data-driven magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the SW–LISM interaction to propagate pickup ions through the heliosheath (HS) after they are nonadiabatically heated at the heliospheric termination shock. E. J. Zirnstein et al. only simulated and analyzed IBEX observations from the direction of Voyager 2. In this study, we expand our model to include fluxes from the direction of Voyager 1, as well as in the low-latitude part (middle) of the ribbon (10° below the ecliptic plane). We show that the model results at Voyager 1 are consistent with E. J. Zirnstein et al.’s results at Voyager 2 in terms of a secondary ENA source contribution of ≲20% from both directions. Our results in the middle of the ribbon also reproduce the data, when including a time-dependent secondary ENA source. Finally, we demonstrate with our simulation that three large pressure waves likely merged in the VLISM and were observed by Voyager 1 as “pf2,” while at least one of the wave’s effects in the HS was observed by IBEX as a brief enhancement in ENA flux in early 2016.
Proales amplus sp. nov., a new monogonont rotifer with a large epipharynx from Korea (Rotifera, Proalidae)
Authors: Yang Hee-Min , Min Gi-Sik
Published: October 2024

The family Proalidae Harring & Myers, 1924, includes four genera and 53 species, distributed across all eight biogeographic realms and inhabiting various environments, including freshwater, saltwater and terrestrial environments. The genus Proales, the largest within Proalidae, encompasses 41 species characterised by diverse morphological traits. In Korea, the presence of Proalidae has been documented with five known species: Bryceella perpusilla Wilts, Martínez Arbizu & Ahlrichs, 2010, B. stylata (Milne, 1886), B. tenella (Bryce, 1897), Proales fallaciosa Wulfert, 1937 and Proalinopsis caudatus (Collins, 1872).

A new species, Proales amplus sp. nov., is the 42nd species within the genus Proales. This species exhibits unique morphological characteristics in the trophi, particularly in the epipharynx, which are distinctive enough to prevent misidentification with other Proales species. The habitus of the new species bears some resemblance to P. phaeopis Myers, 1933, sharing features, such as an elongated and fusiform body, two eyespots, a single foot pseudosegment, two short toes and the absence of a dorsal papilla between the toes. However, the epipharynx of the two species is markedly different. The unique epipharynx characteristic of this new species is unparalleled within the genus Proales.
Building Biodiversity Digital Twins
Authors: Schigel Dmitry
Published: October 2024

A digital twin is a replica of a system, process, or object realized as a digital version. Digital twins are widespread in engineering and aim to can help many kinds of organizations simulate real situations and their outcomes, ultimately allowing them to make better decisions. Digital twins combine cutting-edge modelling approaches with powers of supercomputers with data streams. These data resources, coming through the research infrastructures, depend on data standardization, efficient data models and workflows, and on FAIRness (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability) of these elements. Digital twin concepts have been applied to biodiversity data since 2022, most notably through the Biodiversity Digital Twin project. The outcomes of dynamic modeling based on the biodiversity data (which availability changes in volumes and quality) against the globally available changing environmental and human impact data are expected to form the basis for management of natural resources and aims to support biodiversity recovery. The BioDT consortium brings together a dynamic team of experts in biodiversity data and standards, high performance computing, and FAIR data to realize the first set of biodiversity Digital Twin prototypes.

Biodiversity evidence generated, standardized and shared from collections, systematic and long term surveys, eDNA and metabaroding, citizen science and other communities representing a range of biodiversity evidence types, can to be applied in the dynamic and interactive modelling solutions, known as digital tiwins. The Biodiversity Digital Twin project (and the twin approach in general) offers advanced simulation and prediction models to tackle global biodiversity challenges. This project is designed to address biodiversity dynamics through a set of use cases, providing insights and tools for conservation and restoration efforts. The BioDT project has revealed similarities and differences of applying Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) thinking and principles of data standardization to the communities with different levels of familiarity with standards and FAIR principles.

The presentation at SPNCH-TDWG 2024 covered the process of building biodiversity digital twins by the second project year and exposed the work along the gradient of data intensity, of data FAIRness, and of complience to the international data standards. The details of ten BioDT project stories are covered in the special issue of the Pensoft RIO journal on BioDT project (Afsar et al. 2024, Chala et al. 2024, Frøslev et al. 2024, Ingenloff et al. 2024, Groeneveld et al. 2024, Khan et al. 2024, Mikryukov et al. 2024, Ovaskainen et al. 2024, Rolph et al. 2024, Taubert et al. 2024).
Comparative analysis of changes in bioecological indicators of Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Den. & Schiff.) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) for a 28-31 year period
Authors: Mirchev Plamen , Matova Maria , Petkov Peter
Published: October 2024

In 2022, a study was conducted with experimental material from the area of Marikostinovo village, covering various aspects of species bioecology. The stability or changes that have occurred in these bioecological parameters after a 28-31 year period were analysed, with research data from this area conducted in the period 1991-1994. The fecundity of pine processionary moths in the 5 generations compared had a stable level of average values above 214 eggs. The long-term observations and reporting of this indicator gave reason to draw the conclusion that in this region of Bulgaria, the species develops stably, successfully overcoming possible occurrences of extremely high temperatures in July and August. In the egg stage, the most significant factor in reducing the number of T. pityocampa is the impact of parasitoids. Its effect is not a constant value but varies widely, being the difference nearly twice. The relative share of eggs destroyed by predators is insignificant. A distinctive feature of the Marikostinovo site is the high relative proportion of dead caterpillars, sterile and empty eggs, with values significantly higher than those in other areas of the species’ global range. This is the warmest and driest region of Bulgaria. The high values of this indicator are also formed by the large number of unfertilised, sterile eggs, reaching in 1994 up to 1/5 of the eggs in the sample. The dominant species, with constant presence in all samples, is Ooencyrtus pityocampae.
Description of two new species of the genus Trachelas L. Koch, 1872 and the male of T. gaoligongensis Jin, Yin & Zhang, 2017 from China (Araneae, Trachelidae)
Authors: Tang Gang , Yan Wen-long , Zhao Yi , Peng Xian-jin
Published: October 2024

Two new spider species of the genus Trachelas L. Koch, 1872 are described from China: Trachelas kavanaughisp. nov. (♀) and Trachelas ventriosussp. nov. (♀). The male of Trachelas gaoligongensis Jin, Yin & Zhang, 2017 is described for the first time. Illustrations of the body and copulatory organs and a distribution map are provided.
Description of two new species of the genus Paranemachilus (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Guangxi, China
Authors: Mo Hao-Lin , Yang Jian , Li Peng , Du Li-Na
Published: October 2024

This study describes two new species within the genus Paranemachilus. Paranemachilus luegvetensissp. nov. and Paranemachilus liuisp. nov. can be distinguished from all recognized congeners by a combination of morphological characteristics and substantial genetic divergences. Paranemachilus luegvetensissp. nov. is characterized by scaled cheeks; the whole body covered in scales, except for the head; 11–12 branched pectoral fin rays; 4–5 preoperculomandibular canal pores; body depth 13.5%–16.8% of standard length; and preanus length 68.3%–73.9% of standard length. Paranemachilus liuisp. nov. is characterized by scaled cheeks; the whole body covered in scales except for the head; 11–13 branched pectoral fin rays; 11–15 supraorbital canal pores at the base of the anterior nostrils; 7–9 preoperculomandibular canal pores; preanus length 67.4%–74.3% of standard length; snout length 21.4%–28.7% of lateral head length.
Endurance Sports and Its Related Nutritional Requirements
Authors: Ghosh Joyeta , Chatterjee Sreejita , Shathi Mahfuza Afroz
Published: October 2024

Endurance events have seen substantial growth in the new millennium, becoming popular activities worldwide. A comprehensive review was conducted based on a PubMed/Medline search focusing on endurance, athletes, nutrition, and performance. This review synthesizes the current evidence on macronutrients, hydration, and supplements for endurance athletes. Recommendations for carbohydrate intake and hydration have remained relatively consistent over the years. In contrast, protein and fat intake has traditionally been underemphasized for endurance athletes. While numerous supplements are available, only a few, such as nitrates, antioxidants, caffeine, and probiotics, show potential benefits for endurance activities and are discussed in this review. This chapter highlights the primary recommendations for macronutrients, hydration, and supplements for endurance athletes. It aims to help clinicians address misconceptions in sports nutrition research and provide informed counseling to endurance athletes.
Probabilistic Tide Calculation for Multi-Wind Farm Distribution Network Based on CATTSTS Model
Authors: Xue Xinbai , Lvlong Hu , Haihong Wang
Published: October 2024

Traditional probabilistic tide calculation methods often fall short in capturing the dynamic nature of these systems, leading to discrepancies between calculated and actual data. To address this, a dynamic probabilistic tide calculation model is proposed in this study, incorporating a wind farm probabilistic model enhanced by the CATTSTS model. This integration aims to optimize prediction accuracy by improving feature focusing and data fitting, thereby reducing prediction errors and providing more reliable data for power system adjustments and optimizations. Experimental results demonstrate that the model's predictions for wind speed series in multi-wind farm distribution networks closely match actual conditions, underscoring its practical applicability and reliability in real-world settings. Furthermore, the study highlights the impact of spatial and temporal correlations on model performance. This research contributes to advancing the management of renewable energy integration in power systems, offering insights for more informed decision-making and operational efficiency.
Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of Akimiski Island, Nunavut, Canada
Authors: Fleming Kaitlyn J. , Schaefer James A. , Abraham Kenneth F. , Brook Rodney W. , Brown Glen S. , Beresford David V.
Published: October 2024

In many regions of Canada, knowledge of the distribution of insect species is far from complete. This knowledge gap, known as the Wallacean Shortfall, is often manifest by species records separated by large, often remote areas with no records. Paradoxically, these difficult-to-access areas offer the best opportunity to study unaltered native community assemblages. Such gaps in knowledge are exemplified by ground beetles, a well-known group, yet with record gaps in many unstudied areas of Canada, including Akimiski Island, Nunavut. This postglacial rebound island, located in James Bay, has no permanently occupied human dwellings and almost no human-altered habitat. Using a combination of pitfall-malaise traps, pitfall traps, and hand captures during 2008–2014, we collected 1368 ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as part of a larger biodiversity survey. We identified 31 species, 29 of which were first territorial records for Nunavut. Our results almost double the number of Carabidae known from Nunavut and extend the known range of eight other species. Seventeen of the species that we caught cannot fly, evidence for colonists arriving on Akimiski on floating debris. Our study fills substantial range gaps and serves as baseline information to detect future change.
American emergency room wait times for psychiatric conditions from 2019 to 2021
Authors: Monahan Zach , Mack Alyson , Place Anna , Pierce Aaron , Hartwell Micah
Published: October 2024

Use of Emergency Departments (EDs) for psychiatric complaints has increased significantly in past decades. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic saw large shifts in ED usage, with a relative increase in mental health complaints in EDs. This paper will investigate the difference in ED wait times for psychiatric and non-psychiatric complaints over this period. Utilized National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), from 2019 to 2021, for average wait times for psychiatric versus non-psychiatric complaints. Compared the average wait times for psychiatric complaints by region, triage status, and ICD-10 F code. There was no significant difference in the average wait times overall between these conditions (P = 0.57). People with schizophrenia or psychosis had a significantly higher wait time (P = 0.03) compared to mental health symptoms secondary to physiologic conditions. Northeastern American EDs also had prolonged wait times for psychiatric conditions (P < 0.01) Research into factors of prolonged wait times can advise quality improvements such as the implementation of evidence-based triage and workup tools, and directed psychiatric education.
Early diagnosis of stroke risk factors in high school students in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Awal Muhammad , Durahim Darwis , Halimah Andi , Hasbiah Hasbiah , Arpanjaman Arpanjaman , Supriatna Agus , Islam Fahrul , Ikbal Muh
Published: October 2024

The number of stroke patients in Indonesia is ranked as the first country to experience the most strokes in all of Asia. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia reaches 8.3 out of 1000 population. This prevalence rate increases with increasing age. Indonesian national data shows that stroke is the highest cause of death, at 15.4%, with approximately 750,000 strokes per year in Indonesia and 200,000 recurrent strokes. People who are physically inactive (those who exercise less than three times per week, each for 30 minutes) have an almost 50% increased risk of stroke compared to those who are active. Physical inactivity can lead to weight problems and increased blood pressure and is associated with diabetes, all of which are important risk factors for stroke. Inactivity also contributes to the onset of early atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design to see and observe the risk factors for stroke that exist in school children in Makassar city. Data processing was carried out using computer application programs and SPSS version 22.0 with data analysis methods using the Chi Square Test with the Yate's Correlation formula in SPSS called Continuity Correction and Risk. The number of respondents studied was 896 people. Hypertension is a major risk factor for health problems in society, especially in socioeconomic transition. Hypertension is a primary risk factor for the onset of heart disease and stroke. Doing physical activity will prevent us from various diseases, by doing adequate physical activity we can suppress the increase in blood sugar levels, cholesterol levels, and avoid obesity and strengthen the heart. All of which are risk factors for stroke. So thus by doing adequate physical activity we can avoid stroke. There is a relationship between gender, obesity, hypertension, family history of disease, stress, physical activity, risky diet and smoking on stroke risk factors and there is no relationship between age and knowledge with stroke risk factors.
Knowledge, perceptions, and practices of blood donation among undergraduate students at Gulf Medical University, United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Babker Asaad M.A. , Gopinath Kiran S , Manimaran Srija , Alsalkhadi Ibrahim Ali , Kandakurti Praveen Kumar , Osman Ahmed Luay
Published: October 2024

Ensuring safe and effective blood transfusion is essential for improving healthcare and preventing the spread of blood-borne diseases worldwide. Medical students are a potential key resource for voluntary blood donation, particularly in medical college hospitals, which can help alleviate the shortage of blood products. Additionally, they have the potential to inspire a wider segment of the population to donate blood, thereby narrowing the gap between blood supply and demand. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, perceptions, and practices related to voluntary blood donation among undergraduate medical students at Gulf Medical University in Ajman, United Arab Emirates, and to identify the factors associated with these aspects. A cross-sectional, institution-based study was conducted among undergraduate medical students at Gulf Medical University. Data were gathered through a self-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27. Knowledge, perceptions, and practices related to blood donation among 301 participants were assessed. The findings revealed no significant association between knowledge levels and demographics such as gender, marital status, residence, college, or academic year. While most participants were aware of blood donation procedures and benefits, actual donation practices were low, with 84.4% rarely donating blood. Key barriers included fear of needle pain and time constraints. Health professionals and social media were the primary sources of information, indicating the need for targeted educational interventions to improve blood donation rates. Students at Gulf Medical University are well-informed about blood donation, with many willing to donate. However, fears like needle pain and time constraints limit participation. Educational efforts could help overcome these barriers.
Analysis of geographical distribution of high-grade glioma diagnoses in the Alessandria province: pilot study preliminary results
Authors: Farotto Marianna , Bertolotti Marinella , Cassinari Antonella , Libener Roberta , Pelazza Carolina , Betti Marta , Maconi Antonio
Published: October 2024

Background: one under-researched line of investigation is gliomas, which are a group of malignant brain tumours with highly poor prognoses. Despite efforts to identify environmental risk factors for gliomas, their etiology still remains unclear. It turns out that several future developments are needed in order to understand other potential risk factors. To this end, the primary objective of the present pilot study is to conduct an assessment of the spatial distribution of high-grade brain tumor cases in the province of Alessandria, where possible risk factors such as the presence of chemical industries and asbestiform fibers are found.
Materials and Methods: the study sample consisted of all patients diagnosed with high-grade glioma between January 2018 and April 2023, residents in the province of Alessandria at the time of diagnosis and referred to the health facilities of the "Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Alessandria" and the "Azienda Universitario-Ospedaliera di Alessandria". Biographical and pathological history variables were collected, and finally, data were processed in aggregate and anonymized form. A total of 103 deceased patients were enrolled, stratified by age and type of diagnosis.
Results: it was seen that the city with the most cases was Alessandria, with 27 diagnoses found during the period under review (26.2%), followed by cities of Acqui Terme, Casale Monferrato, and Novi Ligure with seven diagnoses (6.8%). Preliminary results presented in this paper were compared with data already published.
Conclusions: analyses performed to arrive at an initial geographical distribution of high-grade glioma diagnoses are consistent relative to the population density of each municipality considered.
Patterns of refractive errors and visual function in school-going children in South Africa
Authors: Lekganyane Rinkie M. , Siziba Nobukhosi , Mabasa Musa T. , Matlala Lebogang , Machipi Khutjo E. , Maditsi Rangoaga G. , Khohomela Thuso , Ramonyai Masego G. , Segwati Christina M.L. , Nkoana Pheagane M.W.
Published: October 2024

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is the most significant contributor of VI in children and is usually detected through vision screenings or scheduled eye and vision examinations conducted among school children.Aim: To describe patterns of refractive errors (RE), visual function and amblyopia in school-going children.Setting: Mankweng, Polokwane, South Africa.Methods: Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on 837 clinical record cards of children attending selected schools and who were screened between 2019 and 2021 at the University of Limpopo Optometry clinic. Purposive sampling was used to sample the clinical record cards.Results: About 134 children (16%) reported blurred vision, 197 (23.5%) failed distance visual acuity screening, while 173 (20.7%) had RE. Myopia among 168 (9.6%) children was the most common RE, followed by astigmatism and hyperopia at 60 (4.70%) and 28 (4.4%), respectively. Furthermore, 14 (1.7%) children had anisometropia. Amblyopia, colour vision deficiency and contrast sensitivity were also detected at prevalence rates of 4.4%, 9.8% and 8.2%, respectively.Conclusion: Vision screenings and regular comprehensive eye examinations are commonly conducted to detect and manage REs to prevent or delay the onset of amblyopia and strabismus. Children had a high prevalence of RE and amblyopia, which is similar to global estimates.Contribution: To describe the pattern of REs, amblyopia and visual function, which is critical to understand the prevalence of amblyopia and associated conditions. Knowing the patterns of these conditions may provide an impetus for the implementation of strategies such as vision screenings and vision examinations in schools.
Beating the ‘so what?!’ rejection: All about your contribution
Authors: Van Zijl Wayne
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.
Tracking continuous positive airway pressure adherence in obstructive sleep apnea patients before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: BaHammam Abdulaziz O. , Alhuqayl Fawaz , Alzaid Ibrahim , Alzammam Ziyad , Alhuqayl Faisal , Rajeh Bader , Eltayeb Galal Eldin Abbas , Nashwan Samar , Aleissi Salih , BaHammam Ahmed Salem
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy among Saudi patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It also sought to assess the influence of demographic variables and comorbidities on CPAP adherence.

METHODS:

A prospective cohort study was conducted at the University Sleep Disorders Center at King Saud University Medical City. The study included 67 OSA patients who exclusively used CPAP for treatment across three distinct intervals: prelockdown, during lockdown, and postlockdown. Adherence to CPAP therapy was objectively measured using “mask-on on-time monitoring” data from the CPAP machines.

RESULTS:

The study found a significant decrease in the number of days with CPAP usage during the lockdown period, which persisted postlockdown. Approximately half of the patients adhered to CPAP treatment throughout the three study intervals. The decrease in CPAP usage days during lockdown was particularly noticeable among patients younger than 50 and older than 65 years of age. The presence of comorbidities, body mass index, and sex did not significantly influence CPAP treatment adherence.

CONCLUSION:

The COVID-19 lockdown significantly impacted CPAP treatment adherence among OSA patients, with a decrease in adherence persisting postlockdown. This highlights the need for interventions to support CPAP adherence during challenging times such as a pandemic. Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects of the pandemic on CPAP therapy adherence.