bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atherosclerosis of unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta (clinical and instrumental diagnostics)
Authors: Shuleshova A. G. , Lisitsa A. A. , Danilov D. V. , Komlev A. E.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To establish the prevalence of atherosclerotic lesions in the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta. To explore the features of clinical presentation, the state of the mucosa of the upper GI tract. Materials and methods. A total of 118 patients with atherosclerosis of the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta aged 45 to 89 years were examined. The comparison group included 120 patients without atherosclerosis in the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta. Patients in both groups had coronary atherosclerosis. Ultrasound dopplerography (USDG) as a screening technique, CT angiography, and MSCT aortography were used to verify occlusion-stenotic lesions in the unpaired visceral artery branches of the abdominal aorta. The diagnosis of erosion changes in the gastric mucosa was confirmed by clinical symptoms and endoscopic examination findings. Results. In our study, hemodynamically relevant stenosis (>70%) was identified in 28.8% of patients. The clinical presentation of atherothrombosis in mesenteric vessels was shown to be nonspecific. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom in the examined patients with abdominal angina (76.3%). The upper GI endoscopy in patients with a verified diagnosis of chronic abdominal ishemia (CAI) showed gastric mucosa atrophy (focal or diffuse) in 100% of cases. Gastric erosions are identified in 55.1% of patients. Gastric ulcers are observed in 27.1% of patients. Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa are combined with atrophic changes in the mucosa. Erosive esophagitis was detected in 28.8% of patients. The frequency of detected focal abnormalities in the esophageal mucosa accounts for 27.3%, and those in the gastric mucosa is 54.2%, mainly due to intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion. Due to the increasing prevalence of obliterative vascular diseases, early detection of changes in the upper gastrointestinal tract remains an urgent challenge. The comprehensive endoscopic examination using additional endoscopic NBI and ZOOM techniques allows to identify all changes in the mucosa, including small focal abnormalities. Timely detection of the disease makes it possible to choose the right treatment method.
Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of balloon-assisted enetroscopy in clinical practice
Authors: Kortieva A. T. , Krushelnitskiy V. S. , Gabriel S. A. , Dynko V. Yu. , Guchetl A. Ya.
Published: March 2024

The aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic techniques for gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown origin in the conditions of GBUZ “KKB No. 2” and to determine the most effective therapeutic tactics. Materials and methods. The basis for our study was the analysis of the results of treatment of 47 patients with suspected small intestine bleeding in the period 2018-2023 in the State Medical Institution “KKB No. 2” of the city of Krasnodar. The study group was dominated by men -25 patients (53%) compared with women - 27 patients (47%). The age of the patients ranged from 18 to 89 years. VCE was performed in 16 patients. In controversial and unconvincing cases, BAE-14 patients were performed. A comprehensive examination of VCE + BAE was performed in 17 patients. Results: The most rational method of endoscopic hemostasis in small intestine bleeding, according to our observation, is endoscopic clipping in combination with conservative therapy. Results. According to our observation, the most rational method of endoscopic hemostasis in small intestinal bleeding is endoscopic clipping in combination with conservative therapy. Conclusion. The capabilities of clinicians in the differential diagnosis of pathological conditions of the small intestine are enhanced by the availability of modern equipment in medical and preventive institutions, as well as to perform minimally invasive treatment, reducing the rehabilitation time due to the reduction of surgical trauma.
Efficacy of the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the complex therapy of gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in patients with unstable angina
Authors: Osadchij V. A. , Bikova N. I. , Dolgopolov I. S.
Published: March 2024

Purpose of the study. To find out the effectiveness of the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in the complex therapy of erosive and ulcer lesions of the stomach and duodenum in unstable angina pectoris (UA). Materials and methods. A survey of 109 patients with UA with gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers was carried out, taking into account their clinical signs, endoscopic features and the parameters of gastric secretion. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the nature of the treatment of erosions and ulcers. The first group included 40 patients treated with standard therapy, and the second one included 69 patients who additionally received ACE inhibitor lisinopril at an average dose of 7.27±0.16 mg a day. Results. The therapy by lisinopril resulted in decreasing of pain and dyspeptic syndrome, especially in patients with acute erosions, compared with conventional treatment group. According to endoscopic examination, in patients treated with lisinopril, an acceleration of repair processes in the tissues of the gastroduodenal zone was observed. The depth and size of damages, a reduction in the period of persistence of microbleeding signs and inflammatory changes in the periulcerous zone were also less pronounced in lisinopril patient’s group. In patients with acute erosions a decrease in the number and size of erosive defects of the mucous membrane was observed. The study of the parameters of gastric secretion showed that gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in UA revealed the activation of the acid-peptic factor and a decreasing in the production of gastromucoproteins. Increased production of pepsinogen and a sharply reduced formation of protective mucus was observed in patients after conventional treatment, despite some positive dynamics. Normalization in pepsinogen secretion with some inhibition of the production of mucopolysaccharides was observed in Lisinopril treated patients at the end of therapy. Acid production in both groups was reduced, which was associated with could be provoked by an uptake of antisecretory agents. Conclusion. The use of ACE inhibitor lisinopril in the complex therapy in patients with UA with gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers is pathogenetically justified and clinically effective. This combination helps to reduce the duration of clinical signs, accelerate the healing of defects and normalize the parameters of gastric secretion.
The clinical use of 3D-modeling in pediatric surgery
Authors: Sokolov Yu. Yu. , Topilin O. G. , Airapetyan M. I. , Sukhodolskaya O. V. , Vydysh S. V.
Published: March 2024

3D-technologies are a promising direction in the development of medicine. Numerous publications in recent years demonstrate the potential use of 3D-modeling in disease diagnosis, surgical planning, intraoperative navigation, development of individual implants, and specialist training. In this article, we present the experience of implementing 3D-technologies in the practice of a pediatric surgeon using three clinical cases where the use of 3D models based on computed tomography data allowed for more accurate diagnosis and surgical planning. The first patient was a 3-year-old boy with vascular compression of the left main bronchus and impaired ventilation of the left lung. After 3D-visualization of the area of interest, an arterial ligament causing the compression was visualized as the main cause. The second patient was a 6-month-old boy with confirmed bilateral chondromesenchymal hamartoma of the chest wall. The volume and staging of the surgical treatment, as well as the most suitable option for defect replacement, were developed after creating a polymer 3D-model of the child’s chest. The third patient was a 17-year-old girl with persistent hypercalcemia after removal of a parathyroid adenoma. A repeat computed tomography revealed an ectopic parathyroid tissue. The use of 3D-models and AR-technology for intraoperative navigation allowed for precise determination of the location of the pathological tissue. These clinical cases demonstrate the potential and effectiveness of using 3D-modeling in pediatric surgery and confirm that this is a promising direction in the development of medicine, opening up new possibilities for clinicians.
The problem of pain and its assessment in children with epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Troitskaya K. S. , Golyaeva M. N. , Orlova O. S.
Published: March 2024

Goal. Currently, there is an increasing interest in the treatment and improvement of the quality of life of patients with rare chronic diseases, and one of the urgent issues remains the problem of pain syndrome assessment and prevention. The purpose of the review article was to study the problem of pain and its assessment in children with epidermolysis bullosa. Theoretical justification. In the article, the problem of pain is considered as a complex biopsychosocial phenomenon, according to the results of a theoretical review, the main provisions of the concept of the multifactorial nature of pain are presented, which must be taken into account when selecting tools for assessing pain when working with gene dermatoses (epidermolysis bullosa) in childhood. Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign studies, a number of the most problematic areas in the assessment of pain in children are identified. Results and their discussion. According to the results of the analysis of a number of studies, the description of the main manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa and possible causes of pain is given. The biopsychosocial multifactorial nature of pain is considered, its neurobiological, psychological and functional consequences are presented, and on the basis of the research presented, conclusions are drawn for the first time about the principles of selecting the most effective tools for assessing pain and its impact on the vital activity of children with a chronic incurable disease. Pain assessment should include children’s previous experiences and expectations, coping strategies and pain relief resources, and communication features with caring adults. All forms of epidermolysis bullosa are characterized by pain and discomfort, and their elimination plays a key role in terms of the patient’s well-being and quality of life.
Fiber-based super-bridging agents improve flotation and settling during water treatment
Authors: Raissouni Badr , Benkara Mohamed Lotfi , Lapointe Mathieu
Published: March 2024

Increasing demand for water poses a major challenge to the water treatment industry. To maintain their floc removal efficiency, water treatment plants are expected to require larger separation units and use more chemicals, namely, coagulants and flocculants. Conventional physicochemical treatments produce flocs that are limited in size, which limits floc removal efficiency via gravitation-based processes such as settling and flotation. Introducing fiber-based super-bridging agents has improved the floc size, which is 10–100 times larger than conventional flocs. Such improvements could lead to important gains in floc separation and ultimately increase the capacity of water treatment plants. This study analyzed the behavior and interaction of fibers under various coagulation/flocculation conditions to improve flotation and settling. Residual turbidity < 1.5 NTU was systematically achieved when the fibers were combined with conventional physicochemical treatments (alum and polyacrylamide). The results also showed that fiber-based super-bridging agents can allow a ~50 % reduction in coagulant. Three types of renewable fibers originating from the residues were selected for jar tests: softwood cellulose, brown fibers extracted from recycled cardboard boxes, and hemp fibers. The floc settling rate increased considerably when fibers were previously incorporated into the floc structure during aggregation, thus acting as a super-bridging agent. The benefits of fibers on floc settling velocity were particularly pronounced during suboptimal coagulation, as the injection of fibers compensated for poor coagulation conditions. Air bubbles during air flotation were also better incorporated into the larger and more porous floc structure obtained via the fibers, which drastically improved floc removal during flotation. Ultimately, such fiber-based super-bridging agents can be introduced in existing water treatment plants for wastewater and drinking water applications to increase plant capacity, reduce the demand for coagulants/flocculants, and improve contaminant removal.
Bullying and mental health of adolescents in Nepal
Authors: Banstola Ratna Shila , Shrestha Romina , Banstola Indira
Published: March 2024

Bullying is one of the common issues among children and adolescents, bearing significant implications on mental health and wellbeing. Although there are few studies, there remains a gap in the synthesized understanding of bullying and its link to the mental health of Nepalese adolescents. Hence, this narrative review has examined the literature centering on the prevalence and impact of bullying within the context of Nepalese adolescents. Although there was limited number of relevant articles, the findings from the review revealed that bullying is a widespread experience among Nepalese adolescents and is associated with several mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, and tendencies towards self-harm and suicidal behavior. The review sheds light on the importance of addressing bullying in order to prevent psychological consequences and foster the mental health of adolescents in Nepal.
Learning While in Work: Exploring Influences on Engagement and Achievement in Veterinary Professionals Studying Remotely
Authors: Davis Rachel , Fox Kirsty , Armitage-Chan Elizabeth
Published: March 2024

Remote learning provides flexible opportunities for veterinarians and veterinary technicians to undertake professional development qualifications alongside their work. Although this offers advantages in accessing courses that may otherwise not be available, online provision may not suit all learners equally. Using thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with a group of veterinary educators (faculty, veterinarians, and veterinary nurses/technicians), this study explored their engagement and learning outcome achievements from a post-graduate certificate in veterinary education. Participants were highly motivated to engage, but their engagement was compromised when they had low levels of professional autonomy (particularly in scheduling study time and opportunities to put learning outcomes into practice). Some participants also found engagement more challenging when they experienced academic uncertainty or a reduction in social learning opportunities. A lot of the learning occurred in the participants applying taught content to practice, and therefore the education interface extended to the workplace. Educators teaching similar students using an online-only format should thus recognize the learners’ workplaces as an important part of the learning environment and find ways to help them learn in that context. Learner engagement is also supported by interventions to foster social connections, scaffolded strategies for self-direction, and helping them to balance achievement against wellbeing goals.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ASSESSMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN MALAYSIA, CANADA AND NEW ZEALAND
Authors: Makmor Maisarah
Published: March 2024

In 1975, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was promulgated in Malaysia after the enactment of Environmental Quality Act (EQA) in 1974. Although the EIA is integrated for nearly five decades, the effective public participation application for EIA remained scant in the Malaysian environment. This paper provides a comparative study on public participation application for EIA in Malaysia, Canada and New Zealand. This study is administered by analysing the current EIA process and EIA legislation pertaining to the public participation for EIA in the three countries via literature review. This paper examines the similarities and differences between the three countries on their application of public participation for EIA. It is paramount to examine the current application of public participation administered for EIA in the Malaysian environment with other developed countries to induce effective public participation for EIA in Malaysia.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ON INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS ASCRIBED TO IMPROPER WASTE MANAGEMENT IN KABUL
Authors: Mohamad Husny Zuhra Junaida binti Mohamad Husny , Ibrahimy Rahmatullah
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on ensuring a sustainable and livable environment in the 8th district informal settlement of Kabul. It seeks to look at the environmental impacts of improper waste management on informal settlement in Kabul city. The study analyses current waste management situation and challenges and environmental effects on informal settlers in the city. A qualitative methodology approach with direct observation and interview were used for data collection. A total of three experts was interviewed from relevant authorities, and purposive sampling used for selecting respondents. Thematic and template analysis techniques were used for data analysis. The findings of this study revealed that waste management situation was not frequent; lack of infrastructure and facilities, poverty, rapid urbanization, lack of municipality technical capacity, funds, and experts were the main factors to improper waste management. Waste was not collected correctly due to weak accessibility and imperfect nature of roads. Waste burning for house heating in winter and residents of informal settlements were not aware of considering environmental and health issues. Improper waste management creates severe environmental impacts such as land and water pollution, air pollution, infectious diseases, unpleasant smells, drains blockage, and loss of biodiversity. The study concluded with suggestions that infrastructure must be improved, residents should be educated about environment protection, municipality contribution, and community contribution should be ensured as well as a sustainable redevelopment model is suggested to eradicate informal settlement and ensure a sustainable environment. Findings will serve as the basis for information that policymakers should concentrate on when planning a course of action or inaction to improve the waste management systems in informal settlements.
ARCHITECTURAL UPCYCLING: BUILDINGS FROM WASTE & UNCONVENTIONAL MATERIALS
Authors: Mohamad Suhaimi Edora , Mohammad Zin Mohd Hafiz
Published: March 2024

Repurposing building materials has been practised since old civilisations, but recently, it has transcended to utilising not only building materials but to general waste items not typically used in construction. The practice is coined as architectural upcycling. Due to its unconventional nature, several drawbacks exist: the challenge of appropriating the item for its architectural purpose, the limitation on the type of buildings it can be applied to, and the scarcity of research that establishes a guide on architectural upcycling. This research aims to provide an insight on how to achieve the excellent practice of architectural upcycling through design considerations based on the type of buildings fit for this practice. The design considerations are outlined from reviewing previous studies, and the types of small-scale structures typically suitable are identified. Sixteen case studies are chosen from four small-scale typologies: community buildings, single residences, lodgings, and pavilions. Variables observed are the role of the material, functionality, modification, ability to be disassembled, and material expression. It is found that the buildings from the four typologies exhibit different approaches to addressing these considerations. The findings serve to guide designers in achieving successful upcycling practice based on the typologies studied.
DATA QUALITY ISSUES THAT HINDER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK (ANN) FOR COST ESTIMATION OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Zammari Alya Farhani Mohd , Ayob Mohd Fairullazi
Published: March 2024

The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) which is one of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, has been identified as a great technique to be used for construction cost estimation in the project. With the optimum quality of data input into the ANN model, it could produce an optimum and reliable cost estimation output. Nonetheless, the construction industry is lack of breadth and depth of data that is required as input into ANN. Though many online databases have been made available for data consumers, data quality problems remain unresolved. Thus, this study aims to identify data quality issues that can hinder the implementation of ANN for cost estimation of a construction project. A literature review and semi-structured interview were employed for the data collection of this research. The content analysis method was used to analyse the information obtained through the literature review. Meanwhile, the data collected from the semi-structured interview with nine (9) respondents were analysed using both content analysis and descriptive statistics analysis methods. The findings revealed six data quality issues that can hinder the ANN implementation for cost estimation of construction projects in Malaysia which are inaccurate data, outdated data, data access barriers, insufficient data, noise in training data, and data input degree of influence. Academically, this study contributes to the body of knowledge about the implementation of ANN for cost estimation of construction projects in Malaysia.
 
Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Artificial Intelligence, Cost Estimation, Data Quality.
Vospitanie semeinykh tsennostei v sovremennoi shkole
Authors: Barashkina Svetlana Borisovna
Published: March 2024

In this chapter, the author pays special attention to the issues of education of family traditions among younger schoolchildren in a modern school. The discrepancy between the concept of “family values” to modern society and the age of students is considered as a problem. As a solution to this problem, the chapter suggests a selection of forms of work with children and parents, selects indicators that determine family values and correspond to the age of children. The author's judgments are based on the views of scientists who will be of interest to the pedagogical community.
Participation of Russia in the Proliferation Security Initiative
Authors: Anianova Ekaterina Sergeevna
Published: March 2024

As a result of the security threat posed by the proliferation of nuclear and missile technologies, the Proliferation Security Initiative was developed. However, the effectiveness of the Initiative has been called into question due to the failure to reach agreement with a number of states. This article reveals the particularities of Russia's membership in this initiative. The methodology of international legal research and analysis of data is applied in this paper.
In the paper the conclusion is made that PSI as an organizational and legal form of international cooperation in the sphere of WMD nonproliferation is currently in the process of development. Its effectiveness depends directly on compliance with international law. Since the PSI has not gained global coverage to combat terrorism and WMD proliferation, with the loss of participants as Russia and China, the fight against WMD terrorism should be conducted exclusively with the direct involvement of the UNSC.
Beyond the Linear Model: Constructing Basic and Applied Knowledge by Russian Scientists (the Case of Biologists)
Authors: Bychkova O. V. , Pupysheva I. N.
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the perception of the difference between fundamental and applied scientific knowledge using the case of a particular group of Russian scientists. The sample consisted mainly of researchers who work in university laboratories, research centers and research groups specializing in biology and biosafety. Using a qualitative analysis of interviews with representatives of this group, the authors examine the ways of constructing a border between theoretical and applied research. The interpretation of the results is carried out using the scales of Boltanski and Thйvenot’s concept of “worlds of justification”. The conceptual model for separating fundamental and applied knowledge was Donald Stokes’ model of the relationship between science and technology, the socalled “Pasteur’s Quadrant.” The research demonstrates that Russian scientists prefer to engage in fundamental science, less often choosing applied projects. They use strategies to “fence off” from applied tasks or simulate the applied nature of their research. The boundaries between the categories of fundamental and applied are flexible and reassembled in each research project depending on the context, financial conditions, and applied competencies of the participants involved. When solving applied problems becomes inevitable, scientists prefer to refer to this as engaging in “non-genuine” science. The authors conclude that the traditional division into fundamental and applied research does not correspond to the daily practices of research activities.
A Comparison of Explicit and Implicit Approaches to EAP Teaching to Postgraduate Students
Authors: Boginskaya O. A.
Published: March 2024

The present study aims to explore the role of explicit and implicit approaches in developing pragmatic competence in postgraduate students as part of the Foreign Language course. 32 students were divided into two groups depending on the type of teaching approach for six weeks of instruction. Research proposals written by each group after the interventions were examined with the aim of comparing the employment of pragmatic features such as stance-taking resources and their frequencies. In order to investigate the effects of stance-taking instruction, this study adopted a combination of quantitative and interpretative analysis methods. The results revealed significant differences in the use of stance resources by the postgraduate students exposed to explicit vs implicit instruction. In terms of compliance with the academic writing norms, the explicit instruction was found to be more effective than the implicit one. The analysis found that while the explicit group tended to mitigate their claims and hide authorial presence, the students exposed to the implicit instruction expressed stronger commitments to propositional content and showed writer visibility in the text, which considers to be inappropriate in English-language academic writing. The findings point to important considerations for EAP teaching and future research into academic discourse and contribute to previous studies of the benefits of instruction in the development of pragmatic competence. The results may be employed by curriculum designers to create materials for L2 writers and EAP instructors in their teaching practice.
Digital Footprint: Assessing Student Satisfaction with Education Quality
Authors: Krishtal M. M. , Bogdanova A. V. , Myagkov M. G. , Alexandrova Yu. K.
Published: March 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way learning is organized around the world. Russian universities have also been faced with the need to quickly transfer all teaching to an online format. The importance of student satisfaction with the education quality in online learning is increasing, since it is an important condition for motivation. The paper shows that based on the analysis of students’ messages in the social network, it is possible to observe and analyze the overall dynamics and trends in student community satisfaction with the quality of the learning / the efficiency of universities and conduct a comparative analysis of the identified characteristic data groups with their totality. It is shown that the data on the reaction of students of a particular university may have significant deviations from the totality of data, which reflects the characteristics of the reaction of students of a particular university to events occurring at the same time. This may indicate the internal differences of the university, which form an appropriate response to external events.

To understand the satisfaction of students in the transition to a new implementation format of the learning. The digital traces of students from the social network VKontakte were analyzed using individual Big Data tools on the PolyAnalyst software platform. This made it possible to trace changes in the mood of students and, on the example of a single university, to identify and explain deviations in the attitude of students to the implementation of the learning, as well as to verify the methodology. The methodology developed by authors makes it possible to detect problematic issues in the university, including the moment of their occurrence, relevance, degree of concern of students. Such content analysis can be used not only to assess students’ satisfaction with the quality of the learning, but also to monitor the emergence of any problems that cause concern and strong reactions on the part of the student community, as well as other communities and individual groups.
Interaction of Educational Communities of Higher Education in the University Scientific Area
Authors: Narkhov D. Yu.
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the article is predetermined by the need to find new resources for the development of the university scientific area and identify opportunities for its qualitative improvement. The purpose of the work is to determine the basis for the typology of the interaction of university educational communities and to define the basic features of the scientific concept of the organisation of the university scientific area in the Ural Federal District as a representative scientific and educational model of higher education in the macro-region. The dominant theoretical approaches are community-based, resource-based, typological approach. The object of the study is the interaction of the community of research and pedagogical staff (RPS), the student community and the community of administrative staff (AS), the subject is the resources of educational communities in universities of the macroregion. The empirical base consists of mass questionnaire regional and Russian surveys, materials of expert interviews, and statistical data. An approach to the study of RPS, AS and students as traditional, virtual, and digital communities is proposed. The analysis of the prerequisites for interaction and the specifics of each of the identified communities allowed us to reveal the most acute problems preventing their integration into the unified university scientific space of the macroregion. It is shown that the unbalanced ratio of the number of representatives of communities in general and by region of the district, and the bureaucratization of university activities have a negative impact. It is noted that contradictions in the goal-setting of communities in research activity create a situation of interpersonal disunity. The study of research practices revealed the need to formalize the status of the “personnel reserve of science”, the dissemination of innovative practices of large universities, the organization of a unified system of regional investment in student science, the inclusion of regions in the sphere of influence of world-class research and educational centers. Four groups of problem areas are identified as typological bases of scientific interaction: the number of participants in communications; the chronotopе of scientific interaction; motivation, opportunities and positions in science; the nature of interaction. The interpretation of the resource potential of the university scientific area and the communities interacting in it is proposed. The main features of the conception of the university scientific area of the macro-region as a specific social ecosystem are defined.
Mitleid und Mitgefühl bei Hannah Arendt und Martha Nussbaum
Authors: Weber Anne-Kathrin
Published: March 2024

Ob Pandemie, Flucht oder einfach nur Wahlkampf – Mitgefühl und Mitleid durchdringen zunehmend den gesellschaftspolitischen Diskurs. Führt das zu mehr Mitmenschlichkeit oder gefährdet die Indienstnahme des Emotionalen die Demokratie? Antworten zwischen systematischem Kultivieren und falschem „Zauber“ findet Politikwissenschaftlerin Anne-Kathrin Weber in den Politischen Theorien zweier herausragender Denkerinnen: Hannah Arendt und Martha Nussbaum.
Vector-Matrix Reversal Operation
Authors: Carbó-Dorca Ramon
Published: March 2024

An in-depth description of a forgotten matrix operation, the reversal operator, is performed. The properties of such an operation are also given. Ancillary descriptions of matrix regions that are not often used, like the anti-diagonal, are also discussed.
La liberalización efectiva del comercio de bienes y servicios ambientales, un impostergable compromiso global.
Authors: González Rivera Tatiana Vanessa
Published: March 2024

La latente crisis ambiental aparentemente ha sacudido al sector comercial en los últimos años, colocando en la agenda de discusión de los principales organismos internacionales comerciales la imperante necesidad de liberalizar el intercambio de los bienes y servicios ambientales (BSA). A través de la aplicación de un método dialéctico que determina el estudio de un fenómeno en su interrelación con otro, en este caso particular la esfera ambiental y comercial, el presente artículo examina una serie de percepciones y teorías en torno de la liberalización comercial de los BSA partiendo de los desafíos que deben superarse para procurar una protección ambiental efectiva desde el contexto comercial, pero a su vez exaltando las principales ventajas de una completa eliminación de barreras para el intercambio de este tipo de bienes y servicios, que sólo será posible mediante la implementación de oportunos mecanismos.
La convocatoria judicial a junta general de accionistas en el sistema jurídico nicaragüense
Authors: Robleto Arana Cristian Alberto
Published: March 2024

El estudio de la convocatoria judicial a junta general de accionistas consiste en el análisis de fondo de las disposiciones contenidas en el Código de Comercio vigente de Nicaragua, que se comparan con la doctrina contemporánea y la legislación extranjera con especial referencia en el Derecho español. La negativa
del consejo de administración de convocar a la junta general de accionistas activa el derecho de los socios de recurrir ante el órgano judicial para que éste convoque y presida la junta hasta dejarla organizada, siempre que se cumplan los requisitos legales y estatutarios requeridos. La junta general de accionistas al
ser convocada por el juez competente, puede admitir la participación de un notario para levantar el acta de la junta, al ser solicitada por los socios que representen al menos la vigésima parte del capital social, su inclusión no se encuentra prohibida en la ley. Asimismo, cuando se presenta la situación de acefalia del órgano colegiado, cualquiera de los directivos podrá solicitar la convocatoria judicial, entonces cualquier socio independientemente del capital social podrá ejercer el derecho de pedir que se convoque por la misma vía. En el Derecho español la resolución que dicta el juez aceptando o no la solicitud de convocatoria no admite recurso alguno, pero en el sistema nicaragüense cabe el recurso de reforma o apelación. 
Análisis y perspectivas del derecho humano al agua en el orden jurídico mexicano
Authors: Gutiérrez Yurrita Pedro Joaquín , Simental Franco Víctor Amaury
Published: March 2024

La LXI Legislatura del Congreso de la Unión produjo importantes reformas en la constitución desde 2011, dedicadas a la protección más amplia de derechos humanos, al reconocimiento explícito de la jerarquía de tratados internacionales, de intereses colectivos y a reformas en la ley de amparo. Otra gran reforma, por cuanto implicó reformar y decretar nuevas leyes, se dio en 2012 al introducir de manera explícita que es deber de todos cuidar el ambiente y que el agua es un derecho fundamental. Estos cambios constitucionales son un punto de quiebre en la política nacional no sólo en materia ambiental, sino en derechos humanos. El recurso hídrico es estratégico para la seguridad nacional y presenta un doble reto: proteger los derechos de las personas y la integridad ecológica del paisaje. Celebramos que nuestra constitución sea tan vanguardista como hace 160 años al promulgarse como de un Estado Social (1857), y como hace 100 años, cuando garantizó los valores de un Estado de derechos (1917).
La función constitucional de orden público internacional: una mirada hacia Cuba
Authors: Martínez Pérez Odette , Zaldivar Valdes Dianelis
Published: March 2024

El Derecho Internacional Privado desde un punto de vista normativo recurre, para determinar el Derecho aplicable, a la totalidad de normas que lo integran: indirectas o de conflicto; directas o materiales y las internacionalmente imperativas o de policía; para la aplicación o no del Derecho extranjero en aquellos casos que se trate de relaciones jurídicas privadas internacionales.

A partir de un estudio teórico se constató que en determinados países no está previsto el control judicial al Derecho extranjero con un enfoque de orden público internacional y se limitan solamente al control constitucional, solo se encargan de que el Derecho extranjero no contravenga los principios medulares de la sociedad presentes en la Constitución, con lo cual tiene que interpelarse un proceso diferente al que se está aplicando el derecho extranjero, de lo cual Cuba no escapa, solamente el del judicial review, que permite un efectivo control de orden público.

En este artículo nos proponemos analizar las funciones constitucionales desde una perspectiva teórica, para luego argumentar el orden público internacional como función constitucional y la necesidad de realizar este control para preservar los valores y principios más trascedentes en cada sociedad. 
La presunción de inocencia en el derecho administrativo sancionador mexicano y comparado
Authors: Ortega Maldonado Juan Manuel , García Atra Lizeth Juliana
Published: March 2024

La presunción de inocencia es uno de los principios rectores del procedimiento penal en el país, que tiene el mayor rango normativo al preverse en la Constitución federal (artículo 20-B-I). Sin embargo, su traslado y reconocimiento al derecho administrativo sancionador —concretamente al derecho administrativo disciplinario— no es un asunto nada sencillo, pues sus contornos resultan difusos. De ahí que el abordaje de su contenido y sus alcances puedan facilitarse si se acude al derecho comparado, que se ha mostrado generoso en su estudio.
El desempeño institucional de la Comisión de Derechos Humanos del Estado de Puebla, 1993-2015
Authors: Lagunes López Oscar Nicasio
Published: March 2024

En este artículo se describe el desempeño institucional de la Comisión de Derechos Humanos del Estado de Puebla, de 1993 a 2015. En general, se muestran las deficiencias institucionales en torno a la defensa de los derechos humanos en la entidad, entre las que destacan la ambigüedad y aplicación discrecional de los instrumentos de conclusión de quejas que tienen como finalidad restituir a las víctimas en el goce de sus derechos vulnerados. Ello, a raíz de que no se considera el nivel de satisfacción de las víctimas como criterio fundamental para dar solución a los expedientes de queja. En particular, se analizan dos recomendaciones emitidas por la Comisión, ya que éstas son el instrumento más fuerte del organismo para restablecer los derechos humanos de las víctimas, pero se encontró que las autoridades públicas del estado y las del organismo defensor simulan el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones, lo que genera una violación adicional a los derechos de los afectados, al no restituírseles sus derechos violentados.
La vulneración de los derechos humanos de postulantes a dirigir organismos autónomos en Puebla (México), 2017
Authors: Alcaide Cruz María Rebeca , Oviedo Rosa Luis Raúl , Sánchez Zamora Román
Published: March 2024

El sistema político mexicano no ha sido inmune en materia de modernidad del Derecho. México requiere de una democracia constitucional, por lo que se tiene el riesgo de que los derechos humanos sólo sean un trámite de los acuerdos internacionales. Por ello, se expone un análisis documental y la observación empírica de actores involucrados estudiando de manera general el cómo la democracia electoral mexicana opera, en un estudio de caso, en los organismos autónomos; de manera particular, cómo fue operada la creación del comité ciudadano anticorrupción para el estado de Puebla, en 2017.
Análisis de la Ley de Seguridad Interior en México
Authors: Reyna Ontiveros Patricia
Published: March 2024

Este artículo analiza la Ley de Seguridad Interior en México, a la luz del orden constitucional vigente y del problema de la conceptualización de seguridad en nuestro país. Aborda los antecedentes de la ley y las facultades en esta materia respecto a los tres poderes y los órdenes de gobierno, así como las consecuencias de la ley en el respeto del articulado de los derechos humanos en México, en caso de su aplicación. Con independencia de la resolución que la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación emita de las acciones de inconstitucionalidad que suscitó la entrada en vigor de dicha ley, este artículo pretende dar algunas bases para el estudio de la legislación de la seguridad en México.
Trascendencia del principio de publicidad procesal en el sistema penal acusatorio adversarial en México
Authors: Sánchez Sifriano Reyna
Published: March 2024

Hablar de la administración, procuración e impartición de la justicia nos lleva a diferentes perspectivas de análisis que identifican una serie de problemas que inciden en un punto central: la falta de credibilidad y legitimidad en los operadores jurídicos. El Sistema Penal Inquisitorio Mixto se caracterizó por los rezagos y demoras en la resolución de los casos, la falta de previsibilidad jurídica, la corrupción, la impunidad, la ineficacia y la dependencia de la procuración de justicia con el Ejecutivo, generando desconfianza a través de resoluciones carentes de imparcialidad y de un excesivo formalismo en los procedimientos. La reforma constitucional penal del 18 de junio de 2008 significa una ruptura epistemológica respecto al Sistema Penal Inquisitorio Mixto, que se desarrolla en todo lo ancho y largo de la república mexicana, pues requiere observar y poner en práctica el Principio de Publicidad Procesal, como una garantía estructural para el desarrollo imparcial, objetivo, eficaz y eficiente de la administración, procuración e impartición de justicia en el Estado mexicano.
LA PRECARIEDAD LABORAL EN MÉXICO
Authors: Robles Medina Rosa Elia , Toledo Mazariegos Alma Delia , Gallardo Loya Roberto Carlos
Published: March 2024

El eje central de la presente investigación es demostrar la existencia de la precariedad laboral en México. En ella, se aborda el marco teórico conceptual de la precariedad laboral, la reforma a la Ley Federal del Trabajo en el año 2012 que agudizó aún más el problema, el desempleo y el salario. Se exhiben algunos indicadores que muestran las repercusiones directas en el salario, derivadas de la aplicación de políticas económicas neoliberales. El periodo analizado corresponde de 2007 a 2017, con algunos antecedentes de la época y la actualización de los datos hasta el año 2018. Además, se analiza el problema del desempleo en el mismo periodo con datos duros respecto a sus niveles. Dos de los factores importantes para evaluar si en un país existe precariedad laboral, son el salario y el desempleo.
Una revisión de conceptos y problemas sobre la corrupción
Authors: Hernández de Gante Alicia
Published: March 2024

Resumen        

 

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar el fenómeno de la corrupción entendida como el uso de poder, público o privado, para beneficios ajenos al destinado. De acuerdo a la literatura revisada, la corrupción es un tema vigente de estudio en la comunidad internacional. La finalidad de esta investigaciónn es analizar los problemas y las líneas de investigación que en la actualidad guían los trabajos desde la academia. Las evidencias muestran que, dada la magnitud del problema, es necesario un enfoque multidisciplinario y empírico.

 

 

 

 

 

 
LOS INGRESOS PASIVOS EN TRANSACCIONES CON BIENES CORPORALES EN EL MARCO DEL RÉGIMEN DE ENTIDADES CONTROLADAS DEL EXTERIOR
Authors: Zambrano Sánchez Julián Alberto
Published: March 2024

La Ley 1819 de 2016 incorporó en Colombia el régimen de entidades controladas del exterior (ECE), con el cual se pretende implementar un sistema de transparencia fiscal para aquellas sociedades controladas, que obtengan rentas pasivas. En ese orden de ideas, están sujetos a estas normas aquellos ingresos que obtengan las sociedades controladas, por la compra y venta de bienes corporales que se encuentren en una jurisdicción diferente al de esta y se consuman o usen en otra jurisdicción.
Este artículo pretende realizar una revisión crítica de las reglas incorporadas por la Ley 1819 de 2016 para establecer como rentas pasivas la obtención de ingresos por parte de una ECE en la compra y venta de bienes corporales, advirtiendo las principales problemáticas y retos que se presentan en la aplicación de las mismas.
Derecho a la Verdad. Factibilidad de las Comisiones de la Verdad en el Derecho Mexicano actual.
Authors: Morales Vega Luisa Gabriela , Sanromán Aranda Roberto , Ruiz Reynoso Adriana Mercedes
Published: March 2024

Este artículo deriva de una investigación que se propuso analizar el sistema jurídico mexicano a través del reciente desarrollo jurisprudencial y la riqueza de normas de origen internacional que conforman el parámetro de regularidad constitucional, a fin de determinar la factibilidad de integrar comisiones de la verdad lideradas por ciudadanos y con ello mejorar el sistema de procuración y administración de justicia en México. Se trató de una investigación básica, conducida íntegramente bajo la técnica documental y cuya finalidad fue elaborar una reflexión dogmática y formal sobre la factibilidad jurídica de las comisiones de la verdad que investiguen casos que importen violaciones graves a los Derechos Humanos, ante la aparente incapacidad o involucramiento del Estado en la comisión de las mismas. A pesar de las limitaciones del método, resulta novedoso el trabajo dado que en los últimos 10 años, la CNDH ha documentado más de 30 eventos constitutivos de violaciones graves a derechos humanos, sin que existan elementos que permitan prever su disminución y se requiere considerar opciones para el abordaje de eventos de dicha naturaleza que resulten acordes al orden jurídico y que gocen de legitimidad.
La maternidad subrogada. Anomias y antinomias en la legislación mexicana.
Authors: Simental-Franco Víctor Amaury , Ortega-Laurel Carlos
Published: March 2024

Los avances científicos permiten que personas sin posibilidades fisiológicas para tener descendencia, actualmente lo puedan realizar a través de terceras personas que subroguen algún elemento en el periodo prenatal. Esto tiene un enorme impacto en la legislación aplicable, lo cual conlleva la existencia de anomias y antinomias que, llevadas al terreno real, pueden ser altamente complejas de resolver. Para comprensión del contexto, se ofrece un panorama lo suficientemente amplio para entender los extremos de esta situación que trasciende a la normatividad vigente en México. Y se exploran los conflictos jurídicos, prácticos y éticos derivados de la maternidad subrogada, sin que sea factible en lo inmediato, tener una conclusión general.