bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deriving equivalent circuits for TMR technique
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Matrosova Anzhela Yu. , Pasko Antonina D. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Duc Do Tam ,   National Research Tomsk State University
Published: October 2024

Triple-Modular Redundancy (TMR) technique is one of the widely used approaches to provide reliable functioning of logical circuits. In recent years, it has become possible to insert Trojan Circuits into the same line of each identical circuit of TMR, such an opportunity makes the TMR technique vulnerable. The way out of this situation is to use instead of three identical circuits either two approximate circuits or three equivalent circuits that differ in structural implementation from each other. The obtained equivalent circuits, in contrast to the use of approximating circuits, does not create an unprotected area in the TMR technique. An approach is proposed to obtain equivalent circuits based on distortion of the irredundant system of SoPs, which describes the behavior of the primary circuit of the TMR technique. The resulting distorted systems of SoPs and the original system of SoPs are used for the synthesis of circuits.
Numerical solution of the system of Navier-Stokes equations in the case of a compressible medium using neural networks
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Kuznetsov Kirill S. ,   Institute for Applied Mathematics FEB RAS, Amosova Elena V. ,   Far Eastern Federal University; Institute for Applied Mathematics FEB RAS
Published: October 2024

The use of the Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINN) method for the numerical solution of a nonstationary nonlinear system of partial differential equations describing the process of motion of a one-dimensional heat-conducting gas is considered. The approach is based on the fact that a neural network approximates the solution of a system of differential equations, while taking into account the physics of the simulated process. The neural network is trained by minimizing a quadratic functional built on the difference between the predicted values and residuals of differential equations, boundary and initial conditions. Different types of approximation of the original equations are discussed in the case when the operator is continuous or discrete in time. An analysis of the presented methods is carried out. Their advantages and disadvantages are indicated.
Stationary distribution in queuing systems with a variable structure
Authors:   Institute for Applied Mathematics, FEB RAS, Tsitsiashvili Gurami Sh. , Kharchenko Yury N. ,   Institute for Applied Mathematics, FEB RAS
Published: October 2024

t. The construction of discrete ergodic Markov processes with continuous time is using to construct a mathematical model of a queuing system with a variable structure. This model is a combination of several models of queuing systems. The set of states of the combined system is a combination of sets of states of the combined systems, unlike classical queuing systems, in which the set of states of the system is a direct product of the sets of states of the combined systems. The transition intensities between the states of different systems are choosing so that the limit distribution of the combined system is a mixture of the limit distributions of the combined systems with different weights determined by the introduced transition intensities. As a result, the process of functioning of the combined system is obtaining by switching intensities corresponding to different combined systems at certain points in time.
Optimal kernel density estimation by statistical modeling with random censoring of observations
Authors:   Moscow State University branch in Tashkent, Abdushukurov Abdurakhim A. , Bozorov Sukhrob B. ,   Gulistan State University, Mansurov Dilshod R. ,   Navoi State Pedagogical Institute
Published: October 2024

The problems of nonparametric estimation of the probability of failure-free operation and the density distribution function of the operating time of some physical device are considered. Randomly right-censored observations are used. Estimates of a complex structure are constructed: multiplying, exponential, as well as power estimates and an estimate with modification. New estimates for the distribution density using the kernel method are proposed. Tables of the optimal choice of smoothing parameters obtained using statistical modeling are presented.
Optimal design of experiment based on the Wiener degradation model with covariate using conditional Fisher information matrix
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Osintseva Evgeniya A. , Chimitova Ekaterina V. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: October 2024

The Wiener degradation models with covariates are widely used for reliability analysis by degradation index paths. In this paper, we suggest an algorithm for constructing the optimal design based on the Wiener degradation model, which involves determining optimal stress levels, the number of objects under each stress level and the time moments for measuring degradation index, taking into account the limitation on the duration of the experiment and the critical value of the degradation index. The proposed algorithm is based on optimizing the sum of functionals from the Fisher information matrix (FIM) and the conditional Fisher information matrix (CFIM) under given restrictions on the stress levels, the duration of the experiment and the minimal interval between the time points of measuring the degradation index. As an example, the application of the developed algorithm is considered for the LED reliability analysis.
Requirements for Standard and I/O Cell Library Domestic Characterization System Development
Authors:   LLC NM-Tech, Zelenograd, Russian Federation, Makarov G. N. , Sorokin T. M. ,   LLC NM-Tech, Zelenograd, Russian Federation, Kalashnikov V. S. ,   LLC NM-Tech, Zelenograd, Russian Federation, Semenov M. Y. ,   LLC NM-Tech, Zelenograd, Russian Federation, Tsarapkin S. F. ,   LLC NM-Tech, Zelenograd, Russian Federation, Gundartsev M. A. ,   LLC NM-Tech, Zelenograd, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to define requirements and discover specific featuresfor domestic standard cell and I/O libraries characterization EDA tool. A general structure of the library characterization system is presented. The basic requirements indicted for the system are considered and analyzed in the article. A comparative analysis of correspondence to these requirements for domestic and foreign characterization tools is done. The specific features the domestic library characterization system should satisfy are formulated. Among the main features the following are outlined in the article: compatibility and support of domestic OS, support of well-known foreign and domestic Spice-simulators, Russian language support for documentation, scalability, ensuring confidence of the output data. A brief review of typical tasks, intrinsic for characterization tool development and corresponding algorithms, required for its resolving is given. The following issues along with appropriate proposals for its solution are mentioned: automated definition of optimal input waveforms for sequential cells initialization, searching for maximum capacitance load for the cell, setup and hold parameters calculation for sequential cells, method of optimal output current PWL approximation for CCS parameters calculation. As a conclusion of the investigation the current status of domestic characterization systems development is analyzed. In the outcome a problem of domestic library characterization tool that aligned with all the requirements and support the specific features defined above has been raised.
A Method for Tracking an Underwater Pipeline from Stereo Images Using an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
Authors:   Institute of Automation and Control Processes of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russian Federaition, Bobkov V. A. , Shupikova A. A. ,   Institute of Automation and Control Processes of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russian Federaition
Published: October 2024

The problem of tracking an underwater pipeline (UP) is considered in the context of an inspection mission. It is assumed that the diameter of the cylindrical pipe is known. To solve this problem, a tracking method is proposed, based on searching and calculating the center line of the UP, and determining the relative position of the autonomous underwater robot (AUV) and UP in the coordinate system of the AUV camera. Unlike well-known analogues, in which the solution is based on recognizing and constructing the boundaries of the UP in images, the proposed method searches for the true position of the center line of the UP on a set of possible options by checking their veracity. Possible options for the spatial position of the search centerline of the current UP section are generated by varying the direction of the beam in the horizontal and vertical plane. The starting point of the ray is the end point of the centerline of the previous section. The veracity criterion is to check that the 3D point features constructed in the scene belong to the cylindrical surface of the UP. The generation and matching of pointfeatures in images of a stereo pair is carried out using the SURF detector. The choice of the correct direction of the center line of the current UP section is ultimately made by voting. The end point of the center line of the current section is determined taking into account the calculated common visibility area with the previous section of the UP. To evaluate the effectiveness of the method, computational experiments were carried out on virtual scenes. The effectiveness was assessed by the accuracy of UP localization (in the AUV coordinate system) and by the speed of calculations in comparison with: a) the first version of this method, based on the use of a vectorized form of images; b) analogues using the Canny and Hough Transform detectors. The stability of the method to the accumulation of navigation accuracy errors during long-term tracking of UPs was also assessed.
A study on neutrophilic versus eosinophilic predominance in chronic rhinosinusitis patients
Authors: A Suresh , SC Cheruvu , H Lakshmanasamy , M Sunitha , RFM Hassan
Published: October 2024

Background: Rhinosinusitis is defined as a multifactorial disorder with persistence of symptoms caused by inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa for 12 or more weeks with confirmation by diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography. The main aim of this study is to analyze the neutrophilic or eosinophilic predominance among CRS patients with histopathological examination for appropriate management, and to understand the association between the endotypes of CRS and blood parameters. Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 137 patients over a period of two years at a tertiary centre. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE), computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinus (CT PNS), complete haemogram (CBC), absolute eosinophil count (AEC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), immunoglobulin E(IgE) was done. Patients were planned for functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and specimen was sent for histopathological examination. Results: The comparison between DNE and AEC groups showed statistical significance and so did the comparison between CT and IgE. When we compared the groups of CRS with and without polyps with DNE and CT, there was no statistical significance. Also 64.2% of patients had an eosinophilic predominance. Conclusion: It has also been reported that CRS are highly eosinophilic, also have substantial levels of neutrophils. Importantly, tissue neutrophilia has been associated with a poor response to corticosteroid therapy in patients with CRS with nasal polyps. Keywords: nasal polyp; eosinophils; neutrophils; sinusitis; allergy; asthma; inflammation
Vaccination awareness in adult patients at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: S Kanugula , GVVS Kanakabhushanam , A Sony , M Gomasa
Published: October 2024

Background: As global birth rates decline and life expectancies rise, the geriatric population is rapidly increasing. The growing geriatric population worldwide necessitates improved vaccination awareness among older adults to mitigate the increased risk of infectious diseases due to immunosenescence - the gradual deterioration of the immune system with age. The main objective of our study was to create awareness, explain the benefits of adult vaccination and brief about the CDC recommended vaccinations and their schedules. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted for 3 months on outpatient basis through a pamphlet survey in around 150 patients. Results: 64.6% of patients completed their Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Secondary level education and out of them 49.3% of them residing in urban areas doesn’t know about adult vaccination. Conclusion: Findings reveal that patients' decisions are influenced by sociocultural factors, access to information, and misconceptions. The results highlight the importance of targeted immunization programs for older adults and implementing National guidelines in a country like India with highest population can prevent vaccine-preventable diseases, reduce healthcare costs, and improve public health outcomes. Enhanced education and healthcare provider engagement are recommended to address vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination rates among the elderly, especially in underprivileged communities. Keywords: adult vaccination; awareness; immunosenescence
Comparative clinical study of attenuation of hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation using clinical assessment guidance versus neuromuscular block monitoring guidance
Authors: CA Nebu , Y Shalini , S Sonika , HG Manjunath , L Priya
Published: October 2024

Background: The hemodynamic response to the stress of laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation does not present a problem for most patients, except in cardiovascular or cerebral disease. Various anesthetic techniques and drugs are available to control the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. However administration of an additional drug may adversely affect hemodynamics of the patient or unnecessarily increase the depth of anesthesia. Hence a non pharmacological measure to reduce response is preferred. The purpose of this study was to compare the hemodynamic response during laryngoscopy and intubation when choice of the moment of intubation is directed by either clinical assessment and neuromuscular monitoring with train of four. Methods: A total of 60 patients were randomised into two groups. In Group M endotracheal intubation was done after train of four count became zero in adductor pollicis muscle. In Group C timing of intubation was determined clinically by assessment of jaw muscle relaxation. Changes in heart rate (HR), systolic BP (SBP), diasolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), time between the administration of neuromuscular blocking agent and endotracheal intubation was recorded. Results were analysed by the analysis of variance and chi square test. Results: Heart rate, SBP, DBP and mean arterial pressure were significantly higher in Group C as compared to Group M after laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation (P<0.05). The mean time required for onset of intubation was significantly shorter in Group C compared to Group M. Conclusion: The objective assessment of neuromuscular relaxation prior to endotracheal intubation provides better attenuation of hemodynamic responses. Keywords: hemodynamic response; laryngoscopy; endotracheal intubation; neuromuscular block
A comparative analysis of age-related alterations in foot biomechanics and visual input in pre-adolescent and adolescent children with normal body mass index
Authors: A Joglekar , A Burande , A Mittal , S Powar , M Burande
Published: October 2024

Background: Foot biomechanics undergo age related changes and visual input may be important for postural stability and stance dynamics. This study aimed to investigate how age-related alterations in foot biomechanics and visual input interact to influence postural stability and stance dynamics in children aged 6 to 19 years. Materials and methods: Prospective observational study was conducted after getting permission from Institutional Ethics Committee. Informed consent was obtained before collecting data. OHM3000 used for collecting data. Data was collected for bipedal stance test, stabilometry test with eyes open and eyes closed, and dynamic stance test during walking with predefined protocol. Result: Statistically significant difference in maximum pressure, average pressure, foot area and foot length are exhibited in both feet with higher values in adolescents as compared to pre-adolescents. Maximum lateral deviation was significantly less in adolescent with eyes open toward right feet as compare to preadolescents and the difference was lost with eyes closed. Maximum pressure, average pressure, foot contact area and forefoot maximum pressure in both feet were statistical significance. Conclusion: Increased maximum pressure, average pressure, foot area and foot length indicating physical growth and higher load-bearing capacities in adolescents. Weight distribution over the forefoot and hindfoot remained consistent across age groups even if significant changes shown in foot size and pressure. Visual input significantly improved postural stability in both groups. Adolescents show better postural stability probably due to foot maturation. During walking, adolescents showed increased maximum and average pressures, especially in forefoot. Keywords: foot; clinical anatomy; biomechanics; adolescents; children; postural stability; gait; visual input
Correlation of C-reactive protein with clinical outcome in critically ill patients with sepsis
Authors: C Kumar , V Talwar , P Kumar , PH Chhabra
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Biomarkers like C-reactive protein (CRP) identify patients with sepsis and are helpful in predicting the severity of sepsis. The objective of the study was to correlate CRP with mortality in patients with sepsis admitted to intensive care unit. Methods: The study was a prospective, observational study conducted in intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary teaching hospital over a period of two years. Critically ill patients with sepsis were included in the study. After ICU admission, patients were stabilized and samples for CRP, procalcitonin, serum lactate were analysed on the day of admission, day 2 and day 5. Results: Out of 90 critically ill patients, 45 patients were survivors and 45 patients were non-survivors. The mean percentage drop in CRP in survivors was 14.7 % on day 2 (p < 0.001 on day 2) and 57.5 % on day 5 (p < 0.001 on day 5) and mean percentage rise in CRP in non survivors was 15.1% on day 2 (p < 0.001 on day 2) and 25.5% on day 5 (p < 0.001 on day 5). The mean percentage drop in SOFA score in survivors was 30% on day 2 (p < 0.001) and 74% on day 5 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Percentage change in CRP correlates with mortality, SOFA score, serum lactate values and duration of ICU stay in critically ill patients admitted with sepsis. Keywords: C–reactive protein; ill patients; sepsis; SOFA score
Comparison of intravenous bolus phenylephrine, ephedrine and mephentermine for maintenance of arterial blood pressure during spinal anaesthesia in caesarean section
Authors: S Sonika , Y Shalini , CA Nebu , HG Manjunath , L Priya
Published: October 2024

Background: Subarachnoid block, although being highly efficient, often has limitation such as hypotension which can result in adverse maternal and fetal outcome, continues to be a matter of concern to the Anesthesiologist. The study was to compare the effect of phenylephrine, ephedrine and mephentermine, for maintenance of arterial pressure during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section. Methodology: A prospective randomized double blinded study involving 90 patients with hypotension after subarachnoid block under spinal anesthesia was conducted, dividing them into three groups: P (Phenylephrine) 100 mcg, E (Ephedrine) 6 mg, and M (Mephentermine) 6 mg. Patients were compared based on age, weight, height, hemodynamic parameters, complications, and neonatal APGAR scores. Results: On inter-group comparison rise in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure at 1,2,4 and 6min after drug administration were significantly high in phenylephrine group (p <0.01) compared to ephedrine and mephentermine group. Thereafter the differences narrowed off. Heart rate was raised during episodes of hypotension. The mean heart rate was decreased significantly (p<0.05) in phenylephrine group compared to other two groups. The neonatal APGAR score were >/= 7 in the three groups at the 1st and 5th min. Conclusion: The study found that phenylephrine, ephedrine, and mephentermine effectively maintained arterial blood pressure in intravenous bolus form during subarachnoid block for caesarean section. Phenylephrine, a fast-acting, short-lived normotensive drug, significantly reduced heart rate compared to ephedrine and mephentermine, but did not cause significant adverse effects on mother and fetus. Keywords: hypotension; ephedrine; mephentermine; phenylephrine; subarachnoid block
From pathophysiology to personalized care: A comprehensive review of diabetic kidney disease
Authors: A Tereda
Published: October 2024

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stands as a prevalent and significant complication in individuals with type 2 diabetes, impacting nearly half of this population. It holds the primary position as the cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease globally, associated with heightened cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite the array of available interventions to prevent and manage DKD, such as regulating blood sugar levels, controlling blood pressure, and inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system, numerous patients continue to grapple with the ongoing decline in kidney function and unfavorable outcomes. This comprehensive review offers an updated exploration of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of DKD. Special attention is devoted to emerging treatment modalities displaying promising outcomes in clinical trials, notably sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and innovative agents addressing inflammation and fibrosis. The discourse also delves into the complexities and opportunities associated with integrating these therapies into clinical practice, emphasizing the necessity for personalized and all-encompassing care for DKD patients. The conclusion outlines future directions, urging further research and providing recommendations to advance both understanding and practical approaches in this domain. Keywords: pathophysiology; personalized care; diabetic kidney disease
Recurrent sinonasal chondrosarcoma with intracranial extension- A case report
Authors: CS Latha , M Panigrahi , IS Rao , C Subrahmanyam
Published: October 2024

Chondrosarcoma (CS) is the rare, slowly growing, malignant neoplasm. CS of the sino nasal cavity is extremely rare. It is usually present with common symptoms like nasal obstruction and epistaxis. It rarely present with ocular symptoms. Histopathological examination is useful for confirmation of diagnosis. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Radiotherapy is indicated if the tumor involves the vital structures. Here we are reporting a case of recurrent chondrosarcoma. Patient is presented to our department with proptosis of left eye and nasal obstruction since two months. Combined with neurosurgeon bi frontal craniotomy with endoscopic excision of mass done. Post operatively patient received adjuvant radiotherapy. Patient is on regular follow up. Keywords: chondrosarcoma; combined excision; radio therapy
Consumer Information Protection in Insurance Contracts
Authors: Szybalska Alicja
Published: October 2024

The article discusses issues related to consumer information protection in insurance contracts. The consumer’s right to information is explained and the legal nature of the insurer’s information obligation is presented. As a result of analyzing the information obligations constituting the basic instrument of consumer protection, appropriate conclusions were made regarding the implementation of these obligations. According to the author, the consumer information protection system is only partially implemented because the practice has shown shortcomings in its implementation. However, it must be agreed that the idea of protection through information is an appropriate assumption. Undoubtedly, the right direction is to increase the level of consumer information protection by clarifying regulations and such educational and information activities as recommendations issued by designated bodies.
Sources and Importance of the Idea of Natural Rights in the “Boston Pamphlet”
Authors: Merkwa Marcin
Published: October 2024

For many centuries, the idea of natural rights has been one of the most important philosophical and legal concepts. Its importance results not only from the importance of the postulates but also, and perhaps above all, because it played a role in the course of changes taking place in modern times. The Boston Pamphlet is one of the first documents issued on the American continent in which revolutionary theses, in particular regarding relations with Great Britain, were formulated in the language of natural rights. The purpose of the article is to analyze the idea of the inalienable rights of the individual, which was expressed in this document. It was indicated that the revolutionary postulates of the authors of the document found as justification and intellectual foundation in a specific vision of inalienable individual rights (and more precisely in the vision proposed by John Locke). The analysis was preceded by a reference to the so-called English liberties, which allowed to place the Pamphlet and the idea of natural rights in a broader context. Attention was also drawn to the fact that although the concept of the inalienable rights of the individual was visible in earlier writings, it was brought to the fore only on the eve of the revolution. The analysis of the concept expressed in the document required the disclosure of those aspects of Locke’s doctrine that played a key role or were even transferred entirely to the content of the document.
Links between Eccentric Hamstring Strength and a History of Lower Limb Injury in Colombian High-performance Athletes
Authors: Bonilla-Briceño JF , Patiño-Palma BE , Serrato Roa M
Published: October 2024

The main cause of injury in athletes is of muscular origin and of all those of the hamstrings it is the most important. The inadequate eccentric strength of these is a factor that is related to lower limb injuries. At the Sports Science Center of the Ministry of Sports, the eccentric strength of the hamstrings is evaluated with the Nordic test. In Colombia, it is not known if this is related to lower limb injuries in the different world-class high-performance athletes who attend there. A descriptive work was proposed with a quantitative approach and analytical phase, evaluating the pre-participation medical records of 195 athletes who underwent the Nordic test during the year 2021. The athletes analyzed were 56% men, with ages for both sexes on average of 21.5 years, with body mass indexes of approximately 22.1 k/m2. The most frequent injury to the lower limbs was muscle (38.5%), followed by tendinopathies (27%). Of the muscle, the hamstrings were injured in 69%. An average maximum force was found for all athletes of 292.4 ± 67.06 N and a relative force of 4.52 ± 1 N/kg. The bivariate analyzes show an association between the presence of injury and lower maximum eccentric hamstring strength for both sexes. Furthermore, it was found that asymmetries less than 15% of the maximum eccentric hamstring strength were associated with a lower presence of injury. From a multivariate analysis, normative reference curves were constructed for weight, sex, and maximum eccentric strength of these athletes. It contributes to the conceptual gap of the behavior of eccentric hamstring strength and its relationship with the presence of lower limb injuries in different Colombian elite athletes.
The usefulness of sports medical examinations to detect and prevent eating disorders
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez A
Published: October 2024

Introduction and objectives: Eating disorders are a growing problem in our society, especially among young people. The aim of this study is to know which are the individual and social factors that support and perpetuate the danger of suffering from eating disorders, and their possible consequences on the sports and academic performance of individuals. Material and method: The sample consisted of 395 athletes between 12 and 16 years of age (M = 14.07; SD = 1.35), of whom 142 (35.9%) were female and 253 (64.1%) male. A questionnaire was administered to collect information on sociodemographic data, body image, use of social networks, social relationships, sports practice, risk of eating disorders, and academic and sports performance. In the analysis, firstly, cross-tabulations were carried out to observe the body distortion of the respondents according to body mass index; secondly, a linear regression was performed to analyze the factors influencing the risk of eating disorders. In addition, correlations were performed to find out the relationship between risk of manifesting eating disorders and academic and sports performance. Results: The main result shows that there is a high risk of eating disorders among young athletes, due to a high distortion of body image, which becomes the main determinant factor. In addition, relationships with family and friends have a significant influence on this danger. On the other hand, behaviors related to eating disorders cause academic and sports performance to decrease. Conclusión: Due to these data, it is necessary to generate and promote prevention and early detection guidelines during adolescence.
A Proposed Flipped Project-Based Flipped Classroom for Teaching in College Large Classes
Authors: Fang Ning , Cui Junmeng
Published: October 2024

The adoption of the flipped classroom in the lower grades of the university encounters several practical challenges within the context of the new engineering education objective. These challenges include the considerable student population, student reticence, and the facilitation of high-order cognitive skills. This study proposes a flipped project design mode and teaching activity design framework that addresses the practical challenges faced by the flipped classroom. Transforming the existing class discussion project into a student-led class project that possesses the capacity for generation, expansion, and exhibits a robust cross-disciplinary, creative, and dynamic nature. The enhancement of student involvement and participation can be greatly achieved through collaborative efforts between teachers and students. Four teaching interactions encompassing co-planning by the teacher and students, interaction between students within the group, interaction between students between groups and communication between the teacher and students are organically cross-integrated, resulting in the implementation of student-centered flipped classroom teaching through a dynamic competitive approach. The studies show that the flipped classroom approach, as implemented by the flipped project, helps actively engaged students develop high-order cognitive skills and improve learning efficiency. This educational strategy can motivate and inform passive learners to enhance refactoring skills, create a multi-dimensional knowledge tree system, and improve learning efficiency.
The Problems and Countermeasures of China’s College Entrance Examination System: An Overview Study
Authors: Luo Hanyu
Published: October 2024

This study explores three major problems within China’s college entrance examination system: Regional differences, family background diversification, and gender inequality. In terms of regional differences, the inequality between different regions leads to the inequality of college entrance examination opportunities, and the study suggests that the government should allocate resources, set up incentive mechanisms, and provide online education resources to solve this problem. Differences in family background have an important impact on students’ performance and preparation for college entrance examinations, so it is recommended that educational subsidies be provided, social support systems built, and free family education carried out. The issue of gender inequality requires more in-depth research and improvement, including the implementation of gender equality policies, gender education campaigns, and the establishment of gender gap monitoring systems. The study also suggests ways to reduce academic pressure and improve innovation, including diversifying curricula, promoting diverse ideas, strengthening communication between schools and families, introducing comprehensive quality tests, and expanding vocational education. These solutions are aimed at improving China’s Gaokao system to make it fairer and more comprehensive, providing students with better educational opportunities and possibilities for future development. The theoretical significance of the study is to enrich the theoretical system of the college entrance examination system reform and provide valuable references for policy formulation, to make the system more in line with China’s educational needs and social development requirements. Considering the resourcefulness of this topic and the limitations of fieldwork, this paper chose the literature research method as the research method.
Opportunities and Challenges of AI in Vocational Education
Authors: Jiang Rongchang , Chen Yonghong , Peng Yi , Xie Shijie , Qu Dandan
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has provided unprecedented opportunities for vocational education. This paper examines the value of AI in vocational education, using ChatGPT as a case study. It presents innovative application models, including assisted teaching and assisted learning, which can assist teachers in designing personalized instruction and providing on-demand support to students. These models serve as effective tools for the smart and personalized implementation of vocational education. However, caution is required to address risks such as data privacy and algorithmic bias. To ensure the responsible use of AI, particularly ChatGPT, collaboration among various stakeholders is essential. These efforts should focus on improving policies and regulations, establishing mechanisms for risk prevention and control, and promoting the harmonious coexistence and development of humans and machines. The proposed AI-driven model for intelligentization in vocational education offers valuable insights into empo wering vocational education with AI.
Policy Discourse Analysis of Thailand's National Screening Mechanism and Shifting Refugee Policies
Authors: Pang Bing , Tling Kenneth V.
Published: October 2024

This research delves into the political dynamics surrounding Thailand’s recent policy developments, particularly the introduction of a National Screening Mechanism (NSM) in late 2022. The NSM is designed to assess the status and eligibility of individuals unable to return to their country of origin, signaling a significant shift in Thailand’s approach to asylum seekers. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative approach, focusing on policy discourse analysis. This study analysis reveals key terms, emphasizing the central role of a committee in evaluating individuals’ status. The study examines the decision-making process, illustrating the committee’s pivotal role and potential subjective errors in refugee recognition. The study delves into the ideological dimension, exploring how Thailand’s historical experiences, military, and international collaborations shape its policies. The NSM, considered a balance of power, reflects a compromise approach amid ideological shifts.
Healing Trauma and Reconstruction of Japanese Identity in the Post-War Period in the Novels by Kazuo Ishiguro and Haruki Murakami
Authors: Nguyen Truc Bich Nha , Phan Nhung Thi Thuy
Published: October 2024

Both Kazuo Ishiguro, a British Japanese writer, and Haruki Murakami show their views of Japanese history and try to explore the relationship between individuals and their country in the flow of history in their novels. “A Pale View of Hills” and “An Artist of the Floating World” by Ishiguro and “The Wind-up Bird Chronicle” and “Killing Commendatore” by Murakami refer to the Pacific War and use the post-war period when trauma and identity became outstanding issues in Japanese society as the background of the stories. From the perspective of trauma and identity theories, this article clarifies the similarities and differences of Ishiguro and Murakami in the way of representing the trauma caused by identity crises that Japanese generations coped with and the changes of Japanese identity in the post-war period. Through analyses of Japanese citizens’ and immigrants’ trauma of finding and choosing identities in the four novels, this article also indicates Ishiguro and Murakami’s messages of healing trauma and reconstructing Japanese identity.
Evolving interfaces: A comprehensive review of implant-abutment connections
Authors: Valvi Nikita Narendra , Khalikar Smita , Mahale Kishor , Rajguru Vilas , Mahajan Sonali , Tandale Ulhas
Published: October 2024

Studying the implant-abutment connection is crucial, as it primarily determines the strength and stability of an implant-supported restoration, which, in turn, affects prosthetic stability. Traditionally, Brånemark's external hexagon has been used. However, significant complications such as abutment screw loosening, rotational misfit at the implant-abutment interface and microbial penetration have necessitated modifications of the external hexagon and led to the development of internal implant-abutment connection.

This review outlines the evolution of various implant-abutment connections from the traditional external hexagon to advanced internal designs. Internal interface designs offer several advantages over the traditional approach. They reduce the vertical height platform for restorative components and distribute lateral loading deep within the implant. These designs also shield the abutment screw and provide long internal wall engagements that create a rigid, unified body resisting joint opening. Additionally, they feature wall engagement with the implant that buffers vibration, offer the potential for a microbial seal, and provide extensive flexibility. Importantly, they allow for the lowering of the restorative interface to the implant level for better aesthetics. These advancements have significantly enhanced the clinical performance and reliability of implant-supported restorations.
Pharmaceutical Standardization and Comparative Study of Varunadi Kvatha Churna as Varunadi Ghana Vati/Tablet and Varunadi Pravahi Kvatha
Authors: Singh Gurmeet , Chaudhary Priyanka , Sharma Mohit , Vaishnavi  , Yadav Ankit Kumar , Singh Saurabh , Kumar Bimlesh , Kumar Pandey Narendra , Kumar Singh Sachin , Choudhary Anand Kumar , Baghel Dileep Singh
Published: October 2024

Background: In Ayurveda, there are many types of potent dosage forms available with their different specifications, anupan, preparation procedure and shelf life. The preparation of medicines of herbal drug origin is generally included in the Bhaishajya Kalpana section. In Bhaishajya Kalpana there are five basic dosage forms necessary to prepare formulations from herbal origin drugs i.e. Swarasa, Kalka, Kvatha, Hima and Phanta. These five basic formulations are potent dosage forms which can moulded into different finished formulations. Aim: The objectives of this study were to prepare and standardise the Varunadi Kvatha Churna as Varunadi Ghana Vati/Tablet and Varunadi Pravahi Kvatha with a comparative study. Methods: Firstly, kvatha churna was prepared as per the master formula. The kvatha churna was then used in two different ways i.e. firstly it was used to prepare Varunadi Ghana Vati (Tablet) without using any additives as it acts as a self-binder. On the other hand, Pravahi kvatha was prepared which is a self-generated alcohol formulation, in which dhataki pushpa, gudda and babool are added as a fermentation initiator and additives. Results: Physicochemical parameters do not show significant variation. According to the TLC profile, the Ghana Vati has six spots i.e. having much more active constituents than the Pravahi kvatha having two spots. Therefore, according to the parameters, it might be stated that the Pravahi kvatha has much more stability than the Ghana Vati. But as far as palatability and activity are concerned Ghana Vati is comparatively better than Pravahi kvatha Conclusion: Converting Varunadi Kvatha Churna into Varunadi Ghana Vati, Varunadi Pravahi Kvatha provides several benefits related to ease of use, dosage precision, and patient preference. Hence based on observation we stated that the Varunadi Ghana Vati has a better choice of dosage form as compared to Varunadi Pravahi Kvatha, although it has better stability.
Study of Anti-proliferative Effect and Scratch Wound Migration Assay of Ethanol Extract of Pyrus communis L. Leaf on MCF-7 Model
Authors: Malathi T. , Sivakkumar T. , Kumar M. Surendra
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The current aim of the study was twofold: first, to identify the primary phytochemical compounds present in the ethanol extract derived from Pyrus communis L. leaves and second, to assess the extract’s anti-proliferative effect. Materials and Methods: The study conducted an in vitro anti-proliferative investigation of the P. communis leaves extract using the MTT using colorimetric assay against the MCF-7 cell line. These assays collectively provide insights into different aspects of cell behaviour, including proliferation, migration, and invasion, which are important in understanding the overall effect of the extract on the MCF-7 cell line. The protective effect observed in the analysis of the ethanol extract is attributed to the existence of flavonoids and phenols in the extract. Results: Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were observed as 56 mg of quercetin/g and 48 mg of gallic acid/g as standard. This extract ascertained cytotoxic against the MCF-7 cell line in a reverse dose-dependent manner. However, the extract is found to be more potent and effective against MCF-7 (human Breast cancer cell lines) with LC50 value 265.310978μg/ml. Conclusions: The in vitro cytotoxic activity of this extract of the plant leaves has been evaluated, revealing a significant anti-proliferative effect and suppression of cell migration against the MCF-7 cell line. This suggests that the extract may possess compounds or properties that inhibit cell proliferation followed by wound migration, which are crucial factors in cancer progression. This approach is motivated by the observed inhibitory effect of cancer cell proliferation and wound migratory effects of the extract against the MCF-7 cell line, as well as the epidemiological evidence suggesting its anti-carcinogenic potential. This avenue of research holds promise for enhancing the effectiveness of cancer therapy and improving patient outcomes.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОЯВУ ВІБРАЦІЙ ДВИГУНА Z14XEP НА ХОЛОСТИХ ОБЕРТАХ ПРИ НАВАНТАЖЕННІ СИСТЕМОЮ ГІДРОПІДСИЛЮВАЧА РУЛЬОВОГО КЕРУВАННЯ
Authors: Кубіч Вадим , Чернета Олег , Канський  Антон
Published: October 2024

Наведено результати визначення амплітудно-частотної характеристики вібрацій двигуна Z14XEP автомобіля Opel Астра G (F69) на обертах холостого ходу в залежності від положення рульового колеса. Привід у дію системи гідравлічного підсилення з електричним приводом насоса у цілому викликає збільшення амплітуди коливань двигуна на 24,2% у повздовжній та вертикальній площині, що мало місце до заміни рідини, та на 14,4% після її заміни. При цьому визначено, що незалежно від стану гідравлічної рідини на початку її циркуляції через порожнини силового циліндра підсилювача частота механічних коливань двигуна зменшується у повздовжній та вертикальній площині на 25%. У поперечній площині зменшення частоти коливань складає на 35% за виключенням заміни гідравлічної рідини, коли частота коливань залишається незмінною. Встановлено, що якісний стан гідравлічної рідини системи гідропідсилювача суттєво впливає на зміну механічних коливань двигуна тільки при відхилені рульового колеса від нейтрального положення. При цьому визначено, що зменшення в’язкості нової гідравлічної рідни на 8,3% у порівнянні із рідинної, що була замінена, викликає зміни тільки амплітуди коливань двигуна. У повздовжній площині амплітуда коливання зменшуються на 13,3%, у вертикальній площині – на 15,1%, а у поперечній площині коливання збільшуються на 25,4%.
ЛОКАЛЬНИЙ ХАРАКТЕР НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ ПІД ЧАС ЛАЗЕРНОЇ ОБРОБКИ
Authors: Харченко Володимир , Кіндрачук Мирослав , Савчук Петро , Костецький Іван , Гловин Михайло
Published: October 2024

Розглянуто модель структури ділянки матеріалу після обробки лазером, у якій між зміцненою ділянкою та матрицею є перехідна зона та проаналізовано процеси, спричинені в умовах тертя. Показано, що в результаті обробки лазером можуть бути розраховані та прогнозовані, залежно від виду навантаження, локальні напруження в матеріалі зважаючи на механічні властивості, вигляд та структуру перехідної зони.